bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GESTÃO DE SAÚDE DOS HOSPITAIS ACREDITADOS NO PADRÃO ONA
Authors: HALANA MUNIZ , JUSSARA RODRIGUES DE ARAÚJO
Published: July 2022

INTRODUÇÃO: O processo de qualidade em saúde originou-se no século passado, quando foi formado o Colégio Americano de Cirurgiões (CAC) que constituiu por volta de 1924 o Programa de Padronização Hospitalar – PPH. Neste programa definiu-se um conjunto de padrões que garantia a qualidade na assistência prestada. No Brasil, a acreditação teve início formalizado em novembro de 1998 no Congresso Internacional de Qualidade na Assistência à Saúde em Budapeste, onde um instrumento nacional foi desenvolvido, mais tarde elaborou-se propostas para o Sistema Nacional de Acreditação. O processo de acreditação é um dispositivo que avalia e certifica instituições de saúde que buscam, por meio de padrões e requisitos previamente definidos, proporcionar qualidade e segurança na assistência prestada tanto ao paciente quanto ao colaborador, sendo composto por três tipos de certificação (acreditado, acreditado pleno e acreditado excelência). São avaliadas todas as áreas de atividades da instituição, incluindo aspectos estruturais e assistenciais. OBJETIVO: Descrever sobre as instituições de saúde públicas e privadas brasileiras acreditadas no padrão ONA. METODOLOGIA: A pesquisa tem caráter descritivo transversal. Realizada na plataforma da Organização Nacional de Saúde (ONA). A coleta de dados ocorreu no mês de outubro e novembro de 2021, através de descritores da própria plataforma on-line, sendo elaborada uma tabulação na plataforma Excel. RESULTADOS: O estudo demostrou a predominância de acreditação hospitalar na Região Sudeste do país (180 instituições), apresentando os maiores resultados. Um fator determinante foi que os estados do Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo participaram do início da acreditação no país. CONCLUSÃO: O estudo evidenciou que o número de acreditação é maior nos hospitais privados quando comparado aos públicos. As regiões que apresentam maior números de intuições acreditadas, são as regiões que socioeconomicamente são mais avançadas. Outro fator que também contribui para que essas regiões se destaquem é o investimento governamental ou privado no setor em saúde. As regiões que apresentam menores números são as regiões mais empobrecidas do país, onde ainda as condições em saúde são mais vulneráveis e socioeconomicamente mais defasadas, contribuindo assim para o lento andar da gestão de qualidade.
How Lippmann Froze Light and Passed
It around for Others to Taste
Authors: Alschuler William R.
Published: July 2022

This essay examines how Gabriel Lippmann decided to pursue the definitive
demonstration of the wave nature of light, his conceptualising of the
scheme he adopted, and the difficulties he encountered in reaching that
goal. It then examines what he foresaw as the possible applications of
his invention of a permanent form of colour photography and how it was
understood, received and questioned. This questioning pertains both
to its theoretical basis, practical aspects, modifications as well as to its
applications by other scientists, professional and amateur photographers,
photographic manufacturers, and the general public, both in France and
around the world.
Lippmann’s Interferential Colour
Photography: A Juncture between
the Histories of Spectroscopy and
Photography
Authors: Hentschel Klaus
Published: July 2022

This contribution to the histories of science and photography locates
Lippmann photography at the crossroads between two trajectories: the
early modern pursuit of improved and precise documentation and mapping
of the solar spectrum by novel experimental and technical methods, on
one hand, and the rise and institutionalisation of scientific photography
at the turn of the nineteenth into the twentieth centuries, on the other.
The award of the Nobel Prize in Physics to Gabriel Lippmann in 1908 for
developing his process of interferometric colour photography expresses
this juncture between scientific and technical inquiry. Even though
Lippmann photography was practiced for only about fifteen years by
very few scientifically oriented photographers, it was nonetheless an
important predecessor to the later holograph.
Colour Under the Microscope: Santiago
Ramón y Cajal Does ‘Histology’ on
Lippmann Heliochromes
Authors: Triarhou Lazaros C. , del Cerro Manuel
Published: July 2022

This paper highlights Gabriel Lippmann’s discovery of colour photography
and the microscopic analyses performed upon the photographs by Santiago
Ramón y Cajal (1852–1934), professor of anatomy and histology in Madrid,
acknowledged “father of modern neuroscience”, and avid photographer, in
a historic and a modern perspective. Cajal placed sections of Lippmann
photographs under the microscope to study the structure of their materiality.
He focused on the laminae of Zenker, which produced mixed colours,
especially white. His technical studies culminated in a 1908 article in the
Annual Report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution and
in his subsequent Spanish classic monograph, Photography in Colours,
expounding upon the theoretical physicochemical principles and practical
applications of the “art of Daguerre.” The authors thus explore Lippmann’s
reception in Spain.
Lost in Description: The
Misunderstanding of Frederic Ives
(1856–1937) and the Experiments of his
son Herbert (1882–1953) on Lippmann’s
Interference Photography
Authors: Gamble Susan
Published: July 2022

Published in 1908, Herbert Ives’ An Experimental Study of the Lippmann
Colour Photograph translated Gabriel Lippmann’s work from French to
English while modernising the terminology for the twentieth-century optical
physicist. In this article, I explain how Herbert Ives’ paper, established
Lippmann’s process within the discipline of physics, but concealed the
practical assistance offered to Lippmann by the industrialist Lumière
brothers. I also explore the sceptical criticisms of his father, American
artisan-inventor Frederic Ives whose own colour process competed
with Lippmann’s for display and publicity. At the end of the nineteenth
century, these competing processes exemplified divisions between artisanphotographers
and professional experimenters. Whereas Frederic Ives
relied solely on patents and demonstrations to promote his inventions
both in the USA and in Europe, Lippmann deployed wave theory to an
audience at the Académie des Sciences in Paris.
Sistem Informasi Manajemen Kearsipan Berbasis Web Untuk Meningkatkan Pelayanan Administrasi
Authors: Maula Rahman Ahmad Bahrum , Rafly Ananda , Mulyawan Mulyawan , Nurdiawan Odi , Anwar Saeful
Published: July 2022

Dalam era globalisasi perkembangan teknologi berkembang sangat pesat, khususnya teknologi komputer dengan data terpusat dalam pengarsipan dokumen namun tidak semua kantor mempunyai sarana dan prasarana yang lengkap. Pada saat ini prosedur yang ditetapkan pada manajemen kearsipan. Pada bagian tata usaha mulai dari penerimaan, pembuatan, penyimpanan dan pendokumentasian semua dilakukan dalam bentuk tulisan di dalam buku besar. Sedangkan pada tahap pengarsipan dilakukan berupa penyimpanan dokumen hardcopy yang kemudian dikumpulkan pada map besar. Dengan adanya masalah seperti dokumen rusak, dokumen hilang dan sulitnya mencari dukumen kembali, bagian umum tata usaha BBWS Cimanuk Cisanggarung dirasa perlu untuk mengubah metode manajemen pengarsipan dokumen agar dokumen tersebut aman. Dengan permasalahan tersebut diatas maka penulis membuat sebuah perancangan sistem informasi kearsipan berbasis web agar dapat meningkatkan kinerja para karyawan dalam proses input data dan proses pencarian data akan lebih cepat dan lebih baik lagi. Tujuan peneliti ini untuk membuat sebuah sistem informasi kearsipan berbasis web agar dapat menyimpan dokumen-dokumen sehingga memudahkan bagi karyawan dalam mencari informasi lebih cepat. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode waterfall yang dimana memiliki keunggulan dari beberapa runtutan tahapan yaitu : requirement, design sistem, coding & testing penerapan program dan pemeliharaan. Dengan penerapan sebuah sistem informasi manajemen kearsipan berbasis web di harapkan dapat membantu bekerja lebih cepat untuk memberikan pelayanan yang baik dan maksimal kepada masyarakat
PENGEMBANGAN FRAMEWORK MOBILE CLOUD COMPUTING DALAM MOBILE LEARNING SYSTEM UNTUK MENYEDIAKAN VIDEO LEARNING RESOURCES MATERIAL
Authors: Erlangga Erlangga , Wahyudin Wahyudin , Wihardi Yaya
Published: July 2022

Dalam proses pembelajaran yang menggunakan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK) sebagai sarana utamanya, ketersediaan bahan ajar multimedia sangat dibutuhkan, salah satunya bahan ajar dalam bentuk video. Sementara para pengajar umumnya memiliki keterbatasan dalam menciptakan bahan ajar dalam bentuk video, baik keterbatasan keterampilan maupun sumber daya. Model pemanfaatan bahan ajar seperti Reusable Learning Objects (RLOs), Open Educational Resources (OER), dan Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) telah diusulkan oleh para peneliti sebelumnya untuk membantu memperoleh bahan ajar, tetapi model tersebut umumnya menyediakan bahan ajar yang diperoleh dari lembaga-lembaga pendidikan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengembangan framework mobile cloud computing dalam mobile learning system  untuk menciptakan sebuah sistem yang dapat membantu pengajar dalam memperoleh bahan ajar video dari situs penyedia video seperti Youtube, Dailymotion, Showme, Vimeo dan lain-lain untuk pembelajaran tingkat dasar, menengah, atas dan perguruan tinggi. Metode yang digunakan ialah Mobile Development Life Cycle (MDLC). Hasil implementasi framework telah terbukti dapat menyediakan bahan ajar yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan. Para pengajar dari beberapa universitas, Hasil pengujian aplikasi cloud menunjukkan 79,5%, sedangkan hasil pengujian fungsional 75,65% dan pengujian expert 81,5% keseluruhan hasil pengujian menujukan  bahwa hasil implementasi framework tersebut dapat menyediakan bahan ajar yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan siswa. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi mobile learning berbasis cloud ini mampu memberikan manfaat kepada siswa dalam menyediakan video pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan siswa.
《想象的空间？1901-1947年及以后天津意大利租界的重现和镜》 (‘Imaginary Spaces? Re-presentations and Mirror Images of the Italian Concession in Tianjin’)
Authors: Marinelli 马利楚 Maurizio
Published: July 2022

摘要：本文通过比较和分析以不同语言文字和在不同历史时期写作的一手和二手文本，着重探讨了在不同重现中隐含的有关意大利租界问题的、特殊的社会经济、制度或文化方面的历史原因。讨论特别关注两个主题，一个是租界的历史，另一个是把意大利租界塑造成一个意大利风格的街区或地区的意图。作者提出以新的方法对历史进行重新解释，以便澄清其虚构的和多维度的特点。其目的是揭开试图肯定殖民主体的主权的种种思想和观念。首先，从后殖民和后殖民的城市景观的重组来看，天津的租界区可为开始和更进一步地实现姆班贝倡导的文化工程提供一个清晰和坚实的基地。其次，作者试图在各种著述之间营造一场假想的对话，希望能在西方的和中国的历史学家之间开创新的对话途径。第三，意大利著述中的租界影像揭示了一种历史报应类型，不仅仅是针对当时意中关系既晚又不成功的开始，更是针对当时入侵中国的其他殖民国家。与此同时，分析资料也显示出了一种把意大利殖民主义描绘为良性殖民主义的努力，好像意大利在天津的活动主要是一个恩人自发援助和帮助当地社区的行为。

关键词：意大利租借 重现 空间 想象的共同体
冯筱才，《“同乡”背后的权力与声音：周生有事件再探》 (‘Chinese Networks in Colonial Contexts’)
Authors: Feng 冯筱才 Xiaocai
Published: July 2022

摘要：周生有案，是清末一起重要的外交事件，或者近代一起重要的舆论事件，但是，它却不是一次重要的民众集体抗议行动。从目前的资料来看，这件事并没有在上海引起广泛的民众抗议，甚至宁波人也没有因为这件事而爆发大规模的抗议集会。所谓“同乡公愤”，与其说是实际的群众情绪，不如说是上海道台与报馆主笔在文字中有意塑造出来的一种集体形象。周生有事件之所以会引起重大的交涉风潮，未必是为死者争取个人的权益，更多的是为解决某个已经存在的问题；对报馆、有政治企图的会党人士、甚至其他别有用心的人来说，周生有事件也给他们提供了一个攻击政府，鼓动民众抗议，或制造政治混乱的机会。周生有事件中被官员与报馆主笔反复强调的“同乡”集体抗议，在很大程度上就是一种策略性的话语，并非宁波人的实际行动。这种“同乡”话语的建构与操作，在近代中国一些政治外交事件中经常可以见到，它也有可能会取得一些效果，但也有可能会使权力拥有者失去对局势的控制。

关键词：周生有事件 同乡 公愤 集体抗议
《上海租界公墓研究（1844-1949年）》 (‘The Colonial Space of Death in Shanghai’)
Authors: Henriot 安克强 Christian
Published: July 2022

摘要：本文论述了自南京条约签订以来上海租界公墓的发展，侧重考察公墓的管理及变迁，希望借此揭示殖民主义在上海的运作情况。文章重点探讨了公共租界工部局和法国租界公董局如何制定死亡人口政策，如何利用各种特权确定安葬死者的场所以及如何应付城市变迁及人口增长。公墓的建立最初是专门为了满足外国移民或海员的丧葬需要。英美工部局和法国公董局对公墓的控制引进了一个新的维度，因为公墓成为制定政策法规的对象。外国当局精心安置主流群体中的亡故者，对于来自殖民地的团体或者来沪难民死者却漠不关心。公墓还是争权和竞争的地方，国别不同，人享受到的权利就不同，不管是死亡还是活着。

关键词：上海租界 公墓 公董局 工部局 死亡
《德占时期青岛中国商人群体的形成》 ( ‘The Formation of Chinese Business Groups in German-occupied Qingdao’)
Authors: Sun 孙立新 Lixin
Published: July 2022

摘要：在青岛近现代社会中，中国商人无疑占有一席重要地位。他们尽管来自不同的地区，有着不同的生活习惯，但大都表现出了卓越的经营能力，在同外来殖民者发生接触和交往的过程中，也表现出了灵活多样的适应和抵抗能力。主要通过这一群体的努力，青岛在德占时期最终发展成为了一个以中国为中心的商业城市而不是以德国为中心的商业城市。青岛中国商人群体的形成充分表明中国民众即使在强权政治的不平等条件下也能够发挥巨大作用，其影响甚至波及到外来殖民者原定目标的改变。

关键词：青岛 中国商人 德国 相互作用
《德占胶澳的称谓与地位》 (‘The Names and Status of German-occupied Kiao-chau’)
Authors: Zhu 朱建君 Jianjun
Published: July 2022

摘要：惯常所称的胶澳租借地在历史上有胶澳租界、胶州殖民地、胶澳租借地等多种称谓，被不同的利益方在不同的意义上使用。胶澳租界是《胶澳租借条约》中文版本中对德占胶澳的正式称谓，也是清政府对德占胶澳有意识的官方定位，强调中国的主权；胶州“殖民地”则是德国对德占胶澳的意图，也是德国强力在胶澳进行殖民经营的现实，突出领土和主权的割让。而“租借地”在中文中最初使用的时候其含义与“租界”并没有被明显区分，后来随着国际政治的变化，才相应地发展为后来的国际法中一个单独的门类，意味着管辖权的让渡和领土主权的保留，并且在一战和1922年华盛顿会议后逐渐被视作对德占胶澳的合乎国际法的称谓。德占胶澳的称谓变化和租借地作为一个国际法门类出现是国际强权政治中近代中国命运的一个注脚。

关键词： 胶澳 胶州 德国 殖民地 租界 租借地
《超越民族：殖民主义与青岛的抵抗（1897-1914）》 (‘Negotiating the Nation: Colonialism and Resistance in Qingdao, 1897-1914’)
Authors: Mühlhahn 余凯思 Klaus
Published: July 2022

摘要：本文探讨1897-1914年德国殖民当局在青岛殖民社会与中国居民之间的关系。在详细分析了殖民当局在青岛实施的各种统治策略和规章后，作者又细致研究了生活在殖民地的中国人是怎样对待这些统治手段和话语的。拥有自己的利益并努力争取实现自己目标的各社会群体在殖民空间里相互竞争。但是，德国的殖民统治从未导致中国人的团结，也未使德国人形成一个整体。在殖民背景下出现的民族主义和各种各样的民族国家呈现出的特殊形式，不仅仅源于传统，至少也部分地是殖民背景下的相互作用和相互纠缠的结果。因此，民族主义话语中的改变和变化，不仅是内部的、历时的、现代化的结果，而且也同样是多重共时进程的结果。青岛殖民社会的生活是复杂多样的，简单地运用殖民者的统治与压迫和被殖民者的反抗与屈服这样的二元论并不能真正帮助我们理解这段复杂的历史。殖民统治并非存在于一个密封的独立王国之中，通过被殖民者的参与，它受到了重新评价和改变。

关键词：殖民主义 青岛 统治 话语 反抗 相互作用
Location Is (Not) Everything: Re-Assessing Shanghai’s Rise, 1840s -1860s
Authors: Horesh Niv
Published: July 2022

While Shanghai’s pre-war history (1842-1937) is thought to be already ‘quite well understood’ thanks to an inordinately large number of studies, other Chinese urban centres received less attention. Consequently, a number of Western scholars have recently shifted their gaze elsewhere in search of other Chinese articulations of modernity. Yet a thorough examination of the history of other Chinese cities cannot replace a continual robust engagement with Shanghai. This is not least because the vast array of materials available at the Shanghai Municipal Archives and Zikawei Library has been systematically catalogued only over the last few years. They are indispensable to understanding the city’s rise to prominence and its preponderant position within China’s economic modernisation process.

Mainly drawing on rare early editions of the North-China Herald held at the Zikawei Library, this article highlights one aspect of Shanghai’s early treaty-port development; it reprises the conventional wisdom positing that, because of its perceived advantageous location, Shanghai had been almost deterministically poised to become China’s gateway to the outside world following the First Opium War (1839-1842). Instead, it argues that location was significant but not sufficient of itself in delivering Shanghai’s economic take-off.
The Yiwu Model of China’s Exhibition Economy
Authors: Mu Guo
Published: July 2022

Starting with the development history of the China Yiwu International Commodities Fair and based on an analysis of its promotion of the regional economic growth, this paper discusses the active role of the exhibition industry in bolstering regional economic growth, adjusting industrial structure and promoting economic development and economic openness in nearby areas. It analyses the successful experience of the fair and the prominent features of the ‘Yiwu Model’ of development in China’s exhibition industry, including the adaptation to local conditions, integration of advantages, exhibition-driven development of trade, and promotion of harmonious development. These features are the hallmarks of an effective approach to the development of the exhibition industry in small and mid-sized cities.
‘Seoul Searching’: The History, Politics and Prejudice behind the Re-naming of Korea’s Capital in Chinese
Authors: KIM Hyun Jin , Mauch Peter , Horesh Niv
Published: July 2022

On 19 January 2005, Seoul Mayor at the time and South Korea’s president at present, Lee Myung Bak, announced his desire to see the Chinese name for Seoul changed from the traditional rendition of Hancheng （漢城）, to Shouer (首爾). Lee made clear that he was motivated by a simple desire to remove a potential cause for Sino-Korean “confusion.” He further suggested that the principal beneficiary of the name change would be those Chinese in some way connected to Seoul. If Mayor Lee had hoped for an uncontroversial re-naming, he was proven right for the most part. Not only did the Chinese government grant Mayor Lee’s wish quickly and quietly, but regional media outlets also remained notably low-key on the naming issue. This article argues, nonetheless, that there is good reason to believe that Lee’s move was driven by overarching concerns about China’s growing regional clout, and that the significance of Seoul’s name change in Chinese extends well beyond semantics; it can in a sense be seen as a test-case for the PRC’s ability to leverage soft power in the region, and allay the concerns of its neighbours about the implications of its geo-strategic rise.
From Luzhen to Sendai: Locality and Metonym in Lu Xun’s Pseudonyms
Authors: WANG Ping
Published: July 2022

An outstanding scholar, writer, critic, artist, historian, and social commentator, Lu Xun (1881–1936) is also known for his numerous pseudonyms. However, the significance of these pseudonyms has remained relatively little studied. This paper attempts to examine how these pseudonyms extended their erstwhile political rationale. In so doing, we hope to shed some new light on the understanding of Lu Xun both as a writer and as a man. We argue that localities, allusions and symbolism featured in Lu Xun’s pseudonyms; these not only enrich the literary contexts of his writing, and increase the effectiveness of his discourse, but also contribute – albeit in a subtle way - to the ideological and emotional complexity, sophistication, and paradox of the author as the literary conscience of modern China. Through the fabric of Lu Xun’s pseudonyms, we see how traditional forces are still at play in his reception of Western discourse of modernity; how different places – Shaoxing, Tokyo, Sendai, Beijing, Shanghai, even Europe - are linked and different experiences interwoven to shape who Lu Xun was. Like his writing, Lu Xun’s pseudonyms may be seen as a vortex of modernity in which Chinese tradition, Western influence and historical contingency interact.
Politics of Race in East Asia: The Case of Korea and the Chinese community in South Korea
Authors: Kim Hyun Jin
Published: July 2022

The influx of Chinese into Korea has a long history. The earlier migrants were rapidly absorbed into mainstream Korean society and quickly assimilated. However, the Chinese migrants who arrived in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the huaqiao, chose to maintain their separate, non-Korean identity. This later led to open discrimination towards the huaqiao in post-independence Korea. The adoption of modern nationalism and racial theories in Korea also facilitated the disenfranchisement of the huaqiao, whose loyalty to the Korean national state was suspected and whose economic and social rights were appropriated. The recent revival of Chinese power has led to the mellowing of Korean attitudes towards China and the Chinese. The left-aligned political parties in Korea are especially in favour of cultivating closer ties with China. The composition of the Chinese community in Korea has also been altered by the influx of new migrants from mainland China. This has led to the renaissance of the once moribund Chinese communities in Incheon and Busan, both of which now boast sizable Chinatowns. Yet the huaqiao still face problems with integrating fully into Korean society and being openly huaqiao can still lead to unwelcome attention and prejudice from native Koreans. The integration of the Chinese community in Korea remains a challenge for Korea that still holds firmly to the old nationalist ideology of the 20th century.
IMPACT OF GREEN SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON SUSTAINABILITY OF HEALTHCARE ORGANIZATIONS: MEDIATING ROLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY
Authors: Alharbi Mohammad Faleh
Published: July 2022

Sustainability is the main issues now days. Depletion of resources and harm to environment is the results of negligence of firms. After strict national and international environmental policies firms are interested to initiate and implement green objectives to attain sustainable performance. The aim of current study is to investigate mediating role of environmental responsibility between the green supply chain management practices and sustainable performance through lens of RBV and NRBV. Population of the study was health managers, and health related academicians. Non-probability snow ball sampling technique was used. The data was analyzed in PLS-SEM. The findings revealed that green manufacturing has insignificant influence on sustainability and environment responsibility and environment responsibility does not mediate amid green manufacturing and sustainable performance. It is concluded that environmental responsibility is essential factor to obtain
sustainable performance. The current study has open doors for the future studies and future researchers can use more complex models by adding mediators and moderators in the model such as supply chain responsibility and can report more sophisticated findings.
INVESTIGATING THE ROLE OF FINANCIAL INNOVATION ON ISLAMIC FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS PERFORMANCE DURING COVID-19
Authors: Shafiya Syeeda , Ahmad Ashfaq , Sohail Aamir
Published: July 2022

During the present COVID-19 pandemic, this study explain the critical role of Financial Innovation (FI) in stabilizing the Islamic financial institutions in term of digitization, financial inclusion and financial technology. The simple random sampling was used to collect data from the managerial staff of IFIs from selected part of Pakistan. Questioner was used to collect data from 316 survey respondents. The researchers analysed data using Smart-PLS SEM software. For data analysis, the variety of statistical approaches were used, including descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and structural equation modelling. Results provide significant information in terms of the digitalization, financial technology, and financial inclusion, Islamic financial institutions have substantial impact on financial innovation. This research is limited to Islamic financial institutions in Pakistan. The future research may look into other instiutions across the country to examine the
impact of financial innovation by comparing the Islamic and conventional financial sectors
The use of the sardine run as a marketing tool by indigenous business and its economic effect on the South Coast indigenous population
Authors:   , Myeza Philisiwe Joyce
Published: July 2022

The sardine run event has been hailed as a big tourism event, yet little is known about how the sardine run affects the economy as a tourism event. Although there are numerous articles to be found on the role of tourism events in economic upliftment, very little research has been done in South Africa on this particular event, especially relating to the indigenous community involvement and the financial gain achieved from the sardine run. The study was conducted in KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa) in the Ugu districts of Hibberdene and Margate, using qualitative and quantitative research methods. The sample for the study consisted of three hundred and twenty nine respondents above the age of 16. The respondents were selected using convenience sampling and had to complete a questionnaire with the assistance of an interviewer. The objective of the research was to determine the extent to which the indigenous community's services are being marketed during the sardine run events, and how the run contributes to the economic well-being of the inhabitants of the area. The results of the research revealed that a large percentage of the respondents knew about the sardine run, with males generally having a higher awareness level than females. This finding is important because females often play a major role as breadwinners in their families. The fact that females take a less active role in the sardine run indicates an opportunity that can be exploited by those involved in the sardine run, and by local governmental and non-governmental organisations whose task it is to improve the social and economic well being of the community. The main issue was that of participation, which is low. A low participation rate has implications for skills development and reflects an opportunity for central and local government, training and educational institutions, organisations involved in the sardine run and local businesses to provide training for unemployed or under-employed youth.
An investigation into the level of socio-economic empowerment of women by identifying their lingerie buying behaviour in the Durban area
Authors:   , Heurtebis Solene
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this investigation is to define the level of socio-economic empowerment of South African women by identifying their lingerie buying behaviour in the Durban area. This research set out to establish if there are relationships between the following three variables: * The level of emancipation of women - If they are high or low In socio-economic emancipation according to criteria identified in the literature review * Their buying motivations - When buying lingerie, do they consider it as a pleasurable and enjoyable experience or a task to complete? * The type of shops they patronise - Shops with a high level of service or self-service shops In order to reach this aim, the literature review provided information about the evolution of women since the beginning of the 1960's, about the evolution of South African women, especially since the end of the Apartheid system, and finally, about the influence of these evolutionary changes on fashion and on the lingerie field in particular. The purpose was to emphasise the link that exists between the level of empowerment of women and their fashion buying habits. Thus, it has been established that women do not only buy to please the members of their family, but also to affirm their personal identity. Moreover, four categories of women were identified according to their level of emancipation; that is, whether they are career oriented (plan to work or career women) or whether they are home ivprevent
Marketing South Africa as a tourist destination : a Chinese perspective
Authors:   , Yu Xiao
Published: July 2022

The South African tourism industry is becoming an important service sector in this country, which is attracting increasing international tourists in recent years. China, as a fast developing country, will be exerting greater influence on the development of tourism worldwide over the next decade. In particular, the impact of rapid growth of China's outbound tourism market has been felt by South Africa. A feature that South Africa's tourism marketers need to understand is the different demographics of the Chinese population and their different perceptions on SouthAfrican tourism. The purpose of this study is to identify, analyze and evaluate factors that could impact positively and/or negatively on the image of South Africa as a tourist destination among prospective tourists from China. It examines the opinions and perceptions of Chinese tourists in Shanghai. The research evaluates the kinds of perceptions and attitudes held by Chinese tourists towards South African tourism. The study was conducted with the assistance of fieldworkers in Shanghai who helped the research complete all the interviews and questionnaires. Data was analysed through the Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS), and findings, conclusions, and recommendations are presented. The study provides the recommendations to South African tourism organizations to take into considerationthe seriousness of Chinese tourists' understanding and perceptions towards South Africa as an emerging tourism destination as results indicate that many Chinese tourists do not quite understand South Africa and lack proper knowledge and information. Findings indicated that, although many Chinese tourists do know about South Africa as a tourist destination, they do
The barries that inhibit woman from breaking the glass ceiling in the South African public service
Authors:   , Ramlall Nirala
Published: July 2022

The end of the apartheid era in South Africa presented the new government with a myriad of challenges. This involved massive transformation, whilst ushering in a regulatory framework of enabling legislation to give effect to the country's fledgling Constitution. One of the transformational priorities was to address gender equality. Despite legislative imperatives having been instituted, gender equity targets are not being met, nor are affirmative action programmes being implemented to their fullest to facilitate and support gender equality. This research investigates the barriers that inhibit women from breaking the glass ceiling in the South African public service. The research paradigm was exploratory, using qualitative techniques and the results are largely descriptive. Secondary information was obtained from literature and information available. Multiple case studies were conducted using five subjects who were representative of the target population. The overarching purpose of this study was to investigate and understand the barriers that inhibit women from breaking the glass ceiling in the South African public service. The concept of the glass ceiling is defined as the invisible barrier that blocks women from advancing to senior management positions. The study proposes and considers various issues that may have an impact on upward mobility for women. A review of literature reveals that barriers exist as a worldwide occurrence and these prevent women from upward mobility. Justification for this research is twofold: there has been no such study to date; and gender equality is not being achieved and affirmative action programmes have not been fully implemented. The findings of the study provide a deeper understanding of the barriers that prevent women from career progression in the South African public service. Recommendations are made to address this issue
The relationship between the activity and impact training approaches as used in selected South African food manufacturing companies implementing total quality management
Authors:   , Lourens Melanie Elizabeth
Published: July 2022

The aim of this investigation is to establish the relationship between the Activity and Impact .training approaches in selective South African food manufacturing companies in order to establish which training approach makes the greatest contribution to a Total Quality Management implementation strategy. The main characteristics of these two training approaches are the following: In the Activity training approach the focus is on individual training requirements. Here the trainee and/or the line supervisor subjectively identify individual training requirements (training needs). Furthermore, this approach has no conclusive form of evaluation being conducted, especially to determine whether the knowledge and skills gained during the training course has been transferred to the trainee's working environment Impact training focuses on results-orientated training aimed at meeting the needs of the organisation by providing employees with relevant knowledge and skills to improve their performance. The work environment is seen as an extension of the training programme enabling both the Human Resources Department (Training and Development Department) and the line manager to work in joint collaboration when measuring the trainees' performance in a practical environment A self-designed questionnaire was used to determine whether the selected sample population (n=171) follows an Activity or an Impact training approach when implementing a Total Quality Management strategy. The research revealed three pertinent findings: Firstly, Total Quality Management programmes implemented within the South African food manufacturing industry characterise both the Activity and the Impact training approaches.
Cenegermin (Oxervate)
Authors: CADTH
Published: July 2022

CADTH recommends that Oxervate be reimbursed by public drug plans for the treatment of moderate to severe neurotrophic keratitis (NK) in adult patients if certain conditions are met.

Oxervate should only be covered to treat patients who have never been treated with Oxervate before and have previously tried but failed conventional nonsurgical therapies.

Oxervate should only be reimbursed if prescribed by a cornea specialist experienced in the management of NK or by an ophthalmologist when comanaging the patient with a cornea specialist. Oxervate should not be prescribed along with preservative-containing topical antibiotics and/or antiviral eye drops. The cost of Oxervate should be reduced.
Lenvatinib (Lenvima) in Combination With Pembrolizumab (Keytruda)
Authors: CADTH
Published: July 2022

CADTH recommends that Lenvima in combination with Keytruda be reimbursed by public drug plans for the treatment of adult patients with advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) who have had no prior systemic therapy for metastatic disease if certain conditions are met.

Lenvima in combination with Keytruda should only be covered in patients aged 18 years and older with advanced (that cannot be cured with surgery or radiation) or metastatic (that has spread to other organs) RCC who have not received prior systemic therapy for advanced RCC.

Lenvima in combination with Keytruda should be reimbursed if prescribed under supervision in an outpatient oncology clinic or institution with expertise in delivering systemic therapy. Lenvima in combination with Keytruda should only be reimbursed when administered in combination and if cost is reduced.
Fostamatinib (Tavalisse)
Authors: CADTH
Published: July 2022

CADTH reimbursement reviews are comprehensive assessments of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, as well as patient and clinician perspectives, of a drug or drug class.

The assessments inform non-binding recommendations that help guide the reimbursement decisions of Canada's federal, provincial, and territorial governments, with the exception of Quebec.

This review assesses fostamatinib (Tavalisse), 100 mg or 150 mg tablet, oral.

Indication (Health Canada indication): for the treatment of thrombocytopenia in adult patients with chronic immune thrombocytopenia who have had an insufficient response to other treatments.
The AERosol and TRACe gas Collector (AERTRACC): an online measurement controlled sampler for source-resolved emission analysis
Authors: Pikmann Julia , Moormann Lasse , Drewnick Frank , Borrmann Stephan
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Probing sources of atmospheric pollution in complex environments often leads to the measurement and sampling of a mixture of different aerosols due to fluctuations of the emissions or the atmospheric transport situation. Here, we present the AERosol and TRACe gas Collector (AERTRACC), a system for sampling various aerosols independently on separate sampling media, controlled by parallel online measurements of particle, trace gas, and meteorological variables, like particle number or mass concentration, particle composition, trace gas concentration as well as wind direction and speed. AERTRACC is incorporated into our mobile laboratory (MoLa) which houses online instruments measuring various physical and chemical aerosol properties as well as trace gas concentrations. Based on preparatory online measurements with the whole MoLa setup, suitable parameters measured by these instruments are used to define individual sampling conditions for each targeted aerosol using a dedicated software interface. Through evaluation of continuously online measured data with regard to the sampling conditions, the sampler automatically switches between sampling and non-sampling for each of up to four samples, which can be collected in parallel. Particle and gas phase of each aerosol, e.g. source emissions and background, are sampled onto separate filters (PM1 and PM10) and thermal desorption tubes, respectively. Information on chemical compounds in the sampled aerosol is accomplished by thermal desorption chemical ionization mass spectrometry (TD-CIMS). The design, operation, and characterization of the sampler are presented. For in-field validation, wood-fired pizza oven emissions were sampled as targeted emissions separately from ambient background. Results show that the combination of well-chosen sampling conditions allows more efficient and effective separation of source-related aerosols from the background, as seen by increases of particle number and mass concentration and concentration of organic aerosol types, with minimized loss of sampling time, compared to alternative sampling strategies.
Growth and actual leaf temperature modulate CO2-responsiveness of monoterpene emissions from Holm oak in opposite ways
Authors: Staudt Michael , Daussy Juliane , Ingabire Joseph , Dehimeche Nafissa
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Climate change can profoundly alter VOC emissions from vegetation and thus influence climate evolution. Yet, the short and long-term effects of elevated CO2 concentrations on emissions in interaction with temperature are not enough understood, especially for VOCs other than isoprene. We measured CO2-response curves of leaf monoterpene emissions and photosynthetic parameters at two assay temperatures (30 and 35 °C) on four populations of holm oak saplings grown under normal and double CO2 concentrations combined with two temperature growth regimes differing by 5 °C. A stepwise reduction in CO2 resulted in a decrease in emissions, occasionally preceded by an increase, with the overall decrease in emissions being greater at 35 °C than at 30 °C assay temperature. During ramping to high CO2, emissions remained mostly unchanged at 35 °C, whereas at 30 °C they often dropped, especially at the highest CO2 levels (≥ 1200 ppm). In addition to the actual leaf temperature, the high CO2-responsiveness of emissions was modulated by the plant’s growth temperature with warm-grown plants being more sensitive than cool-crown plants. In contrast, growth CO2 had no significant effect on emission CO2 sensitivity, although it promoted plant growth and the leaf’s emission factor. Correlation analyses suggest that the emission response to low CO2 depended on the leaf’s initial carbon balance and its actual energy status, whereas the response to high CO2 depended only on the leaf’s actual energy status, which was affected by the occurrence of photooxidative stress and feedback limitation of photosynthesis. Overall, our results confirm an isoprene-analogous behavior of monoterpene emissions from holm oak. Emissions exhibit a nonlinear response curve similar to that currently used for isoprene emission in the MEGAN model, with no difference between major individual monoterpene species and plant chemotype. Simulations estimating annual VOC releases from holm oak leaves at double atmospheric CO2 indicate that the observed high-CO2 inhibition is unlikely to offset the increase in emissions due to expected warming.
Retrievals of Precipitable Water Vapor and Aerosol Optical Depth from direct sun measurements with EKO MS711 and MS712 Spectroradiometers
Authors: Qiao Congcong , Liu Song , Huo Juan , Mu Xihan , Wang Ping , Jia Shengjie , Fan Xuehua , Duan Minzheng
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Based on the strict radiative transfer algorithm, a new method is developed to derive the Precipitable Water Vapor (PWV) and Aerosol optical depth (AOD) from the ground-based measurements of direct sun irradiance. The attenuated direct irradiance from 300 nm to 1700 nm with FWHM of 6.5 nm are measured by a pair of grating spectroradiometers MS711 and MS712, located at the Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (39.98° N, 116.38° E), from June 2020 to March 2021. Compared to that of regular sun photometers such as CIMEL and POM, a strong water vapor absorption band near 1370 nm is introduced to derive PWV for the relatively dry atmosphere. The PWV and AOD inversion results obtained by EKO are compared with the synchronous data of CIMEL, and the two are highly consistent. The correlation coefficient, mean bias and standard deviation of PWVEKO and PWVCIMEL are 0.999, -0.027 cm (-3.57 %) and 0.054 cm (3.93 %) respectively, and the relative deviations of the differences between the two are slightly larger for drier air (PWV<5 mm) and lower solar elevation angle. The correlation coefficients of AODEKO and AODCIMEL at 380, 440, 500, 675, 870, 1020 nm are greater than 0.99, and the relative deviations are between -13.59 % and 9.37 %.
The role of transit accessibility in influencing the activity space and non-work activity participation of different income groups
Authors: Tao Sui , He Sylvia , Ettema Dick , Luo Shuli
Published: July 2022

Improved accessibility by transit service constitutes a critical component in removing spatial barriers in daily mobility for disadvantaged groups. However, the effects of transit accessibility on the daily mobility and activity participation of different social strata remain inconclusive. This study investigates the role of transit accessibility on the activity space of three income groups in Hong Kong. The results show that the availability of transit stations and network accessibility by mass transit rail (MTR) are significantly linked to the spatial extensiveness of activity space of the higher- and medium-income commuters, while bus plays a more important role for the daily mobility of the low-income group. Concerning non-work activity participation, the low-income non-commuters appear less affected by the availability of MTR stations than the other two groups, suggesting a potentially lower ability of using MTR to carry out different daily activities. Our findings offer some in-depth insights into the possible social inequality of using transit service, thereby contributing to a more nuanced understanding of the relationship between transit accessibility and mobility in relation to economic status. Policy recommendations to alleviate transport disadvantage and improve social equity are proposed.
Analisis Kualitas Jaringan Fiber Optik Layanan Indihome Pada PT. Telkom di Wilayah Kota Ternate Tengah
Authors: Duwilaa Najamudin , Santosa Santosa , Hamza Sahriar
Published: July 2022

Kebutuhan layanan komunikasi pada masa kini tidak hanya suara, melainkan juga data dan video. Maka diperlukan jaringan handal yang mampu memberikan performansi yang baik. Salah satu solusinya adalah jaringan fiber optik. Kantor wilayah PT. Telkom Kota Ternate adalah cabang dari PTTA yang menyediakan layanan telekomunikasi merekomendasikan jaringan akses Fiber To The Home dengan menggunakan teknologi Gigabit Passive Optical Network. Pada penelitian ini membahas tentang bagaimana kualitas jaringan fiber optik pada layanan IndiHome di wilayah Kota Ternate Tengah. Analisis yang digunakan melalui data parameter, diantaranya adalah Attenuation, RX Power,  dan Attenaible Rate dari hasil pengukuran alat OTDR dan IBooster Speed yang digunakan oleh PTTA Kota Ternate. Karena adanya keterbatasan jaringan cooper (tembaga) yang dinilai belum cukup untuk mengakomodir permintaan kapasitas bandwidth dan bit-rate membuat pengembang layanan mulai untuk transisi ke serat optic. Maka topologi Fiber To The Home sebagai analisis karakteristik kabel serat optic dan simulasi tempat pemasangan jaringan layanan IndiHome.
Indentifikasi Bangunan Sumber Daya Air Berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografis pada Wilayah Sungai Maluku Utara
Authors: S Supriyadi , Noh Junaidi , Hamza Sahriar
Published: July 2022

Sistem Informasi Geografis adalah sistem informasi yang digunakan untuk memasukan, menyimpan, mengolah, menganalisa, dan menghasilkan data bereferensi geografis dan geospasial. Balai Wilayah Sungai Maluku Utara memiliki banyak aset bangunan yang tersebar di dua wilayah sungai, Wilayah sungai Halamahera Utara dan Wilayah Sungai Halmahera Selatan, dengan menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografis maka diharapakan akan lebih mudah bagi para pengambilan keputusan untuk mengatahui letak lokasi bangunan sumber daya air seperti bendung dan air baku yang ada di Provinsi Maluku Utara. Perancangan SIG bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi bangunan sumber daya air seperti bendung dan air baku dalam bentuk Webgis, Webgis mampu memberikan informasi lokasi dalam bentuk layar dan mampu berinteraksi dengan para pengambil keputusan, SIG sangat membantu khususnya pada Instansi Balai Wilayah Sungai Maluku Utara dalam mengetahui letak lokasi bangunan bendung dan air baku.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi E-Learning Madrasa Aliyah Muhammadiyah Pabos
Authors: Barahamaa Rahmad
Published: July 2022

Perkembangan Teknologi Informasi turut serta mempengaruhi segala aspek baik bidang bisnis dan pendidikan yangmemudahkan orang dalam memperoleh dan mengolah informasi penting untuk kebutuhan tertentu dengan mudah dan cepat.Oleh karena itu pada dunia pendidikan khususnya sekolah di harapkan dapat memaksimalkan potensi perkembangan tersebutuntuk meningkatkan pembelajaran lebih efektif, inovatif dan kreatif yaitu dengan membangun sebuah sistem E-learning. Elearningadalah sistem pendidikan yang menggunakan aplikasi elektronik untuk mendukung belajar mengajar dengan mediaInternet, jaringan komputer, maupun komputer standalone. Sistem E-learning Madrasa Aliyah Muhammadiyah Pabosdiharapkan mampu menjadi fasilitas pendukung untuk pengembangan pembelajaran antara Guru dan Siswa.
Peramalan Harga Bahan Proyek Menggunakan Metode Least Square (Studi Kasus : CV Rizky Mulya)
Authors: Dewi Nindian Puspa , Listiowarni Indah
Published: July 2022

Rancangan Anggaran Belanja, atau yang bisa disingkat sebagai RAB, merupakan sebuah perencanaan anggaran yang digunakan oleh perusahaan kontraktor untuk merancang anggaran yang dibutuhkan untuk bahan dalam sebuah proyek yang dikerjakan. Penyusunan RAB untuk pengerjaan proyek mendatang, erat kaitannya dengan peramalan harga bahan-bahan proyek itu sendiri. Sehingga diperlukan sebuah sistem peramalan harga bahan proyek dengan menggunakan metode least square pada CV Rizky Mulya. Metode Least Square merupakan metode peramalan yang tergantung pada trend dan musim, artinya naik dan turunnya harga sebuah bahan tersebut dipengaruhi oleh waktu tertentu. Dengan menggunakan metode least square, akurasi pada sistem mencapai akurasi maksimal  mencapai 90% pada tahun 2014 sampai 2016. Sistem peramalan ini akan dibangun dengan menggunakan bahasa pemograman PHP, yang didukung dengan menggunakan mySQL sebagai manajemen basis data.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Rekomendasi Webhosting Pada Kantor Media Online Suaramu.Co Menggunakan Metode Multi Attribute Utility Theory (Maut)
Authors: Umar Kiki Amelia , Lutfi Salkin , Tempola Firman
Published: July 2022

Dalam memulai pembuatan website, menggunakan web server yang disediakan oleh penyedia jasa web hosting merupakanpilihan yang lebih digemari daripada membangun web server sendiri karena modal awal lebih ringan. Di internet bisaditemukan banyak penyedia jasa web hosting dengan beragam pilihan paket dan dan spesifikasi- lainnya seperti harga,storage dan lain-lain. Karena banyaknya pilihan paket dan spesifikasi yang disediakan itulah membuat para pemilik web yangingin menggunakan layanan penyedia jasa hosting kesulitan dalam menentukan pilihan yang sesuai dengan kriteria kebutuhansistem atau website. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menghasilkan sebuah sistem pendukung keputusan rekomendasi webhosting pada portal SuaraMu.co menggunakan metode Multi Attribute Utility Theory. Metode Multi Attribute Utility Theorymerupakan salah satu dari metode pendukung keputusan yang digunakan untuk merubah dari beberapa kepentingan kedalamnilai numeric dengan skala 0-1, dengan 0 mewakili pilihan terburuk dan 1 mewakili pilihan terbaik. Hasil dari penelitianmenggunakan metode Multi Attribute Utility Theory untuk mencari rekomendasi web hosting menghasilkan hasil akhirdengan ranking tertinggi 0,3209 dan alternatif 1 (Idwebhost) sebagai web hosting yang direkomendasikan. Hasil daripenelitian ini dapat mendukung keputusan pemilik portal Suara.Mu dalam memilih web hosting.