bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
«Практика заботы» Луиджины Мортари как социологический паззл
Authors: Смолькин Антон
Published: September 2017

Антон Александрович Смолькин – к. с.н., зав.кафедрой гуманитарных дисциплин Института общественных наук РАНХиГС; научный сотрудник МВШСЭН, Москва, Россия. Электронная почта: anton.smolkin@gmail.com

 

Обзор посвящен анализу концепции итальянского философа Луиджины Мортари, развивающей идеи Хайдеггера о заботе как фундаментальном компоненте человеческого существования. Этот сюжет может выступать ресурсом объяснения социального, учитывая беспрецедентность масштабов необходимой людям как биологическому виду заботы друг о друге, от материнского внимания до некоторых форм разделения труда. Согласно Мортари, забота (care) подразумевает удовлетворение таких потребностей Другого, которые тот не способен удовлетворить самостоятельно, в противном случае речь идет об обслуживании (service), при этом предметом подлинной заботы может быть лишь удовлетворение жизненно важных потребностей. Долгое время забота как самостоятельная ценность оказывалась на периферии исследовательских интересов, предпочтение отдавалось идеологически более привлекательной автономности; однако человек лишь часть жизни проводит в состоянии автономии, и в этот период обычно сам выступает источником заботы. Отсюда критика Мортари либерального взгляда на автономность как цель и ключевую ценность, а не один из этапов жизни, что открывает перспективы понимания недостижимости автономии кроме как ценой разрушения социального. Однако критика либеральной модели автономности может иметь нежелательные политические последствия, оборачиваясь оправданием патернализма и тоталитаризма. Дополнительную сложность Мортари обнаруживает в неформализуемости заботы о Другом из-за его принципиальной непознаваемости, что налагает на заботящегося особую ответственность. Например, быть хорошей медсестрой не означает строгое соблюдение должностных инструкций – необходимые компетенции нарабатываются опытным путем – благодаря переосмыслению случаев из практики. Мортари утверждает, что забота обесценена и не вознаграждается адекватным образом потому что это женская функция, но допустимо предположить, что основную роль здесь сыграла ее неизмеряемость и неформализованность. Идеализируя заботу как одаривающее действие, в своей критике моссовской концепции дара, Мортари игнорирует функции дара по сборке социального.
How Much Is Enough? Explaining the Continuous Transparency Conflict in TTIP
Authors: Gheyle Niels , Ville Ferdi De
Published: September 2017

Transparency has been a central issue in the debate regarding the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP), especially on the side of the European Union (EU). The lack of transparency in the negotiating process has been one of the main criticisms of civil society organizations (CSOs). The European Commission (EC) has tried to gain support for the negotiations through various ‘transparency initiatives’. Nonetheless, criticism by CSOs with regard to TTIP in general and the lack of transparency in specific remained prevalent. In this article, we explain this gap between various transparency initiatives implemented by the EC in TTIP and the expectations on the side of European CSOs. We perform a content analysis of position papers on transparency produced by CSOs, mainly in response to a European Ombudsman consultation, complemented by a number of official documents and targeted interviews. We find that the gap between the TTIP transparency initiatives and the expectations of CSOs can be explained by different views on what constitutes legitimate trade governance, and the role of transparency, participation, and accountability herein.
EU Institutional Politics of Secrecy and Transparency in Foreign Affairs: A Commentary
Authors: O'Reilly Emily
Published: September 2017

International diplomacy has long been regarded as the domain of an elite hand-picked few, instructed and groomed in something considered an art form. Both the secrecy and the pomp have their rational place. Political interventions from regime change through to more standard economic and social challenges cue both subtle and dramatic shifts in relationships and alignments and diplomats must rightly handle such situations with great delicacy. Premature or too much public disclosure about diplomatic exchanges could risk undermining the mutual trust and confidence on which the conduct of international relations and negotiations depends. The question of course concerns the determination of what constitutes ‘premature’ or ‘too much’ and who decides the point at which public access can or should occur. We have certainly seen a trend towards greater transparency in foreign affairs in recent times, but this will always remain one of the most sensitive areas for national governments and international organisations. Contributors to this publication pose important questions about transparency in the context of foreign affairs at EU level. The question ‘How much is enough?’ is particularly pertinent. I welcome the exploration of topics of secrecy and transparency in this thematic issue and look forward to further contributions as the theory and practice of the ideas put forward are developed.
The Puzzle of Transparency Reforms in the Council of the EU
Authors: Naurin Daniel
Published: September 2017

I argue that the transparency reforms that have been implemented in the Council of the EU in the last decades are unlikely to change the perception of the Council as a non-transparent institution. My argument is based on three distinctions: the distinction between transparency (availability of information) and publicity (spread and reception of information); between transparency in process and transparency in rationale; and between plenary and committee decision-making arenas in legislatures. While national parliaments tend to have all these features, the Council of the EU only has two (transparency in process and committee decision-making). As a consequence, publishing ever more documents and detailed minutes of committee meetings is unlikely to strengthen the descriptive legitimacy of the Council. Furthermore, I argue that the democratic transparency problem is the reverse of what is most often argued: It is not the lack of transparency that causes a democratic deficit, but the (perceived) lack of a democratic infrastructure that makes more serious transparency reforms unthinkable to government representatives.
Secrecy, Efficiency, Transparency in EU Negotiations: Conflicting Paradigms?
Authors: Leino Päivi
Published: September 2017

This contribution considers how the values of transparency and efficiency are realised in the context of “EU negotiations” both in the internal and the external sphere. Legislating comes with a presumption of openness in the EU, while international negotiations have traditionally been assumed to require secrecy. However, irrespective of the basic paradigms, the institutions often appear to follow a rather simple rationale that secrecy makes better decisions, both in internal and external affairs. Similar efficiency concerns seem to relate to protecting the procedure of decision-making from external influence. Therefore, the fundamental trade-off between democratic accountability and efficiency in the external and internal fields might not be all that different: efficiency is linked with secrecy, and comes at a cost for participation and openness. I explain how the two paradigms—openness and transparency in legislative work and secrecy in international negotiations have recently developed, and how the values of openness and efficiency have been addressed by the Court of Justice of the European Union in its recent jurisprudence. This discussion witnesses to a possibility that the old secrecy paradigm might be about to break in international relations while a new transparency paradigm in EU legislative work is struggling to emerge.
3D printing for drug manufacturing: A perspective on the future of pharmaceuticals
Authors: Lepowsky Eric , Tasoglu Savas
Published: September 2017

Since a three-dimensional (3D) printed drug was first approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 2015, there has been a growing interest in 3D printing for drug manufacturing. There are multiple 3D printing methods – including selective laser sintering, binder deposition, stereolithography, inkjet printing, extrusion-based printing, and fused deposition modeling – which are compatible with printing drug products, in addition to both polymer filaments and hydrogels as materials for drug carriers. We see the adaptability of 3D printing as a revolutionary force in the pharmaceutical industry. Release characteristics of drugs may be controlled by complex 3D printed geometries and architectures. Precise and unique doses can be engineered and fabricated via 3D printing according to individual prescriptions. On-demand printing of drug products can be implemented for drugs with limited shelf life or for patient-specific medications, offering an alternative to traditional compounding pharmacies. For these reasons, 3D printing for drug manufacturing is the future of pharmaceuticals, making personalized medicine possible while also transforming pharmacies.
Psychological distress among final year medical undergraduates in a Sri Lankan university
Authors: Liyanage Guwani
Published: September 2017

Background: Studying medicine is challenging since medical students undergo many stressors during their long course of studying. Moreover, their final year is probably more stressful with more clinical work and stringent assessments. Aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and sources of psychological distress among final year students in University of Sri Jayewardenepura in Sri Lanka with a well validated screening tool. Methods: This is a cross sectional study of 151 medical students evaluating stress through general health questionnaire (GHQ) with 30 items. Comparison was made with another 257 non-medical undergraduates of the same university. Results: More than half of students (59.6%) in our university had psychological distress. When compared medical students (62.9%) are more distressed than non-medical (56.4%) students. Major source of stress for medical students was academic pressure. Conclusions: Final year medical students have significantly high psychological impairment and the main reason reported by students was academic pressure. It warrants implementation of stress management programs and curriculum based interventions to minimize stress.
Unplanned pregnancy among married women: an exploratory study in a rural area of Bengal
Authors: Pal Manika , Bandyopadhyay Lina , Dasgupta Aparajita
Published: September 2017

Background: Globally unplanned pregnancy has emerged as a major public health problem with its impact on demography and economy. Despite being the first country to initiate a nationwide family planning program, contraceptives access and utilization are low in India. As per a study conducted in 35 low- and middle-income countries, India contributed the largest number of undesired pregnancy. Our current study was aimed at determining the proportion of unplanned pregnancy and examining its predictors among currently married women aged 15-35 years, residing in a rural area. Methods: A facility based, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted in a rural area of Bengal. 158 participants were selected by purposive sampling and face to face interviews were conducted using structured schedule ensuring confidentiality. Statistically data were summarized with descriptive statistics and adjusted with binary logistic regression analysis in SPSS (version 16). Results: The proportion of unplanned pregnancy was found to be 28.5%. On multivariable logistic regression, it was observed that there was significant association between unplanned pregnancy and low SE status AOR (CI) 2.523 (1.074-5.926), lack of women’s empowerment AOR (CI) 2.971 (1.198-7.367), husbands’ lower level of education AOR (CI) 2.673 (1.041-6.866), and no contraception or traditional method of contraception AOR (CI) 2.391 (1.104-5.180). Conclusions: The study revealed alarmingly high proportion of unplanned pregnancy. In addition to the existing strategies of the national program, emphasis should be on IEC activities. All efforts should be made to educate women on hazards of unsafe abortion and unplanned pregnancy.
Monique Leyenaar, Hare Excellentie. Zestig jaar vrouwelijke ministers in Nederland
Authors: Ribberink Anneke
Published: September 2017

Monique Leyenaar, Hare Excellentie. Zestig jaar vrouwelijke ministers in Nederland (Amsterdam: Prometheus, 2016, 340 pp., ISBN 9789035142138).
Prevalence of dehiscences and fenestrations in human cadavers
Authors: Rodrigues Ewaldo Antônio Vieira , Machado Walter Augusto Soares , Almeida Casimiro Abreu Possante de , Souza Andréia Cristina Breda de Souza , Menezes Cláudia Callegaro de , Barceleiro Marcos De Oliveira , Rodrigues Walmir Júnio de Pinho Reis , Taba Jr Mario , Kahn Sérgio
Published: September 2017

Objetivo: o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a prevalência de deiscências e fenestrações em uma amostra de conveniência de cadáveres humanos para fornecer uma identificação precisa dos defeitos ósseos. Material e Métodos: vinte cadáveres humanos, com idade variando de 20 a 40 anos, foram avaliados quanto a deiscências e fenestrações, verificadas após a elevação do retalho mucoperiosteal. Resultados: a prevalência de deiscências e fenestrações nos espécimes foi confirmada como sendo 40%, representando 5% dos dentes com lesões. As lesões mais prevalentes foram deiscências, enquanto apenas um único caso de fenestração maxilar foi observado. Conclusão: o planejamento de qualquer cirurgia plástica periodontal realizada na região anterior deve levar em consideração a possibilidade de defeitos periodontais. Portanto, considerando a alta prevalência de defeitos ósseos com potencial impacto no resultado estético, a manipulação dos tecidos moles deve ser feita com cautela, principalmente em pacientes com periodonto fino.
Effects of non-surgical periodontal treatment on complete blood count, lipid and glycemic profiles of patients with an indication for surgical coronary revascularization
Authors: Kahn Sérgio , Imperial Roberta Carpes , Menezes Claudia Callegaro de , Dias Alexandra Tavares , Rodrigues Walmir Júnio de Pinho Reis , Barceleiro Marcos De Oliveira , Moreira Paulo
Published: September 2017

Objetivo: o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos do tratamento periodontal não cirúrgico no hemograma completo, perfil glicêmico e lipídico em pacientes cardiopatas com indicação de revascularização cirúrgica. Material e Métodos: este estudo avaliou 22 pacientes com periodontite crônica, com mais de 35 anos de idade (média de idade de 59,45 anos) aleatoriamente divididos em 2 grupos. O grupo teste (n = 11) recebeu tratamento periodontal antes do procedimento cirúrgico e o grupo controle (n = 11) não recebeu tratamento periodontal antes da cirurgia. Resultados: o tratamento periodontal resultou em uma redução significativa na profundidade de sondagem em locais com profundidade de sondagem periodontal> 3 mm (redução de 11,4%) e> 5 mm (redução de 6,3%) (P <0,05). As diferenças no nível clínico de inserção não foram estatisticamente significantes entre os grupos (P> 0,05). Os valores referentes à contagem de leucócitos, glicose, hemócitos e hemoglobina não diferiram significativamente entre os grupos (P> 0,05). O colesterol total e lipoproteína de alta densidade apresentaram uma redução estatisticamente significativa no grupo teste (P <0,05). A lipoproteína de densidade leve não mostrou diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos (P> 0,05). Conclusão: o tratamento periodontal não cirúrgico foi efetivo no controle da doença periodontal e diminuição dos níveis séricos de colesterol total e lipoproteínas de alta densidade. Os demais componentes do sangue não apresentaram alterações significativas.
Desempenho do Protaper Universal e Protaper Next em relação à extração apical de detritos
Authors: Furtado Odilma Mariana Gonçalves , Girelli Caroline Felipe Magalhães , Xavier Viviane Ferreira Guimarães , Lacerda Mariane Floriano Lopes Santos , Coelho Renato Girelli , Cunha Ludmilla De Almeida
Published: September 2017

Objetivo: o objetivo desta revisão de literatura foi avaliar a extrusão de detritos apicais após o preparo do canal radicular com os sistemas Protaper Universal e Protaper Next Rotary. Material e Métodos: a questão que sustentou a coleta de evidências científicas para o presente estudo foi: Qual sistema rotatório apresenta melhor desempenho quanto à extrusão apical de detritos: Protaper Universal ou Protaper Next? A partir das bases de dados de busca online, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica abrangendo pesquisas originais, utilizando como descritores: detritos de extrusão apical, Protaper Universal e Protaper Next. Os artigos tinham que atender aos seguintes critérios de inclusão: deveriam ter sido publicados no idioma inglês de 2014 a 2017 e comparar os dois sistemas de arquivos rotatórios mencionados em relação à extrusão apical de detritos no mesmo estudo. Noventa e seis artigos foram encontrados após a pesquisa e seis foram incluídos para esta revisão integrativa. Resultados: seis estudos permaneceram incluídos após a análise dos critérios de inclusão. Destes, 50% foram publicados em 2016, 16,6% em 2015 e 33% em 2014. O estabelecimento do peso do material extrudido foi a metodologia utilizada em todos os estudos para avaliar o desempenho dos arquivos. Ao analisar a quantidade de material apicalmente extrudado, Verificou-se que o sistema Protaper Universal extrudiu mais quantidade do que o sistema Protaper Next. Conclusão: concluiu-se que, embora não exista um sistema capaz de realizar a instrumentação sem promover a extrusão apical, o sistema de limas rotativas Protaper Next apresentou melhor desempenho quando comparado ao sistema de arquivos Protaper Universal, quanto à extrusão de detritos apicais.
Ajuste marginal e interno de restaurações de cerâmica pura fabricadas em CAD / CAM: uma revisão da literatura
Authors: Carvalho Brenda Gonçalves de , Ribeiro Mariana Silva Thiel , Brasil Leonardo Rocha , Alencar Maria José Santos de
Published: September 2017

Objetivo: o objetivo deste artigo foi revisar a literatura sobre o ajuste marginal e interno de restaurações de cerâmica pura fabricadas por CAD / CAM. Material e Métodos: foi realizada uma revisão da literatura utilizando a base de dados Pubmed e Bireme e selecionados 37 artigos em inglês e português. As palavras-chave foram "Projeto auxiliado por computador", "Adaptação dentária marginal", "Restauração dentária permanente". Resultados: os resultados provaram que este sistema pode gerar restaurações com ajuste marginal clinicamente aceitável (~ 100 µm). No entanto, outros parâmetros devem ser considerados para alcançar esses resultados, como fresadora, diâmetro da broca, software, preparação do projeto, margens suaves de preparação e incorporação de ângulos de linha arredondados na preparação do dente, curva de aprendizado do operador e tipo de método de impressão. Conclusão: portanto, apesar de alguns clínicos apresentarem preocupações relacionadas ao ajuste interno das restaurações fabricadas pelo sistema CAD / CAM, estudos corroboram o sucesso no ajuste dessas restaurações, o que justifica o uso clínico e a indicação do sistema CAD / CAM.
Participação da família no desenvolvimento da aprendizagem da criança
Authors: Oliveira Izabel Lúcia dos Santos , Braga Andrelina Pelaes , Prado Cleidia Maria Nogueira
Published: September 2017

O Artigo objetivou analisar a importância da participação da família no desenvolvimento da aprendizagem da criança, por ser atualmente um grande problema enfrentado no contexto familiar, escolar e na atuação do professor, gestor escolar, coordenação escolar. Utilizou-se a abordagem qualitativa para subsidiar a pesquisa bibliográfica que fundamentou a construção do entendimento, análise e discussão do objeto de estudo. Os resultados apontam para uma certa lacuna na participação ativa da família no processo de ensino-aprendizagem da criança e consequentemente no acompanhamento dos filhos na escola. Enfim, é necessário que a família reconheça que é à base da sociedade e que constitui referenciais fundamentais para a construção de conhecimentos e formação social, cultural, moral, ética, religiosa, afetiva e principalmente escolar da criança.
Uma revisão de literatura sobre o neoinstitucionalismo e a avaliação do desempenho de instituições sociais
Authors: Miranda Roberto De Sousa
Published: September 2017

A avaliação do desempenho de instituições sociais informais, formais, públicas e privadas vem sendo realizado constantemente, em muitos casos de modo pouco criterioso. A fim de contribuir para o aprimoramento teórico e metodológico desse campo de pesquisa, se propõe uma revisão da literatura que trata do neoinstitucionalismo, abordagem que resgata os estudos das instituições nas ciências sociais. O esforço de problematização da dinâmica institucional parte da discussão das abordagens institucionais, as velhas e as novas, e uma abordagem comportamental, a teoria da escolha racional, fazendo as críticas pertinentes e, assim, marcando posições e apresentando as estratégias teóricas e metodológicas que possibilitam a análise do desempenho das instituições sociais. As instituições exercem um papel importantíssimo em nossa vida cotidiana, nas relações: entre familiares e amigos, que têm a reciprocidade como aspecto preponderante; com o mercado, que são orientadas pela formalização de contratos; e, especialmente, com o Estado, que elabora os principais arranjos institucionais voltados para a regulação e regulamentação de vários espectros da sociedade. 
A importância do manual de FLE em escolas públicas estaduais no município de Macapá-AP
Authors: Amoras Aluana Vilhena , Araújo Mônica Miranda Oliveira de , Alves Valmira Dos Santos Cordeiro
Published: September 2017

Este trabalho objetiva mostrar a importância de se ter um manual de FLE nas escolas públicas de Macapá-AP para auxiliar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem de língua estrangeira, uma vez que um método oferece suporte didático para professores e alunos no ensino e aprendizagem na língua alvo. Questionários foram aplicados e respondidos a professores de francês de três escolas públicas de Macapá-AP e quatro manuais foram analisados, dos quais dois são indicados como suporte pedagógico para os níveis de ensino fundamental e médios, respectivamente: Le Kiosque 1 e Taxi 1.
Red Rosa: A Graphic Biography of Rosa Luxembourg
Authors: Haugen Stacey
Published: September 2017

Red Rosa: A Graphic Biography of Rosa Luxembourg
Crossroads in Alberta: Climate Capitalism or Ecological Democracy
Authors: Adkin Laurie
Published: September 2017

This paper situates the current political moment in Alberta, Canada, within a broader analysis of the global crisis of fossil capitalism. Alberta’s political economy and ecology are deeply riven by the conflict between its heavy dependence for revenue and employment on the exportation of fossil fuels, on the one hand, and the multiple harms, risks, and forms of opposition to this development model, on the other hand. With the election in May 2015 of a social democratic party, a rare window for change has opened, and much is at stake in the choices and strategies that the new government will adopt. Two potential paths –which parallel what is emerging globally--are becoming clearer:  rapid and deep decarbonisation underpinned by an equally deep democratization of citizenship and societal-decision making (ecological democracy), or a “climate capitalist” project to prolong the carbon extractive model.
Rejoinder: Canadian Political Economy in the era of BREXIT and Trump
Authors: Kellogg Paul
Published: September 2017

A reply, in part, to contributions to the book launches for Escape from the Staple Trap at Historical Materialism 2016 (Toronto) and Socialist Studies 2016 (Calgary) as well as those published in this issue.
The Transformation of Academic Knowledges: Understanding the Relationship between Decolonising and Indigenous Research Methodologies
Authors: Chalmers Jason
Published: September 2017

There is conceptual confusion in academic scholarship regarding Indigenous research methodologies and decolonising research methodologies. Scholars view these paradigms as similar yet distinct, but very few seek to define that distinction. In this article, I explore the relationship between these approaches to academic research. Both paradigms emphasise the need to transform the academy because of its tendency to marginalise non-Western epistemologies. Transformation requires the interconnection and co-ordination of many paradigms including Indigenous, feminist, and antiracist approaches to research. I propose viewing Indigenous and decolonising research methodologies as a relationship, and suggest both are dynamic practices that do not exist outside of the people who use them. What they look like and how they relate to one another will depend upon who uses them, why they are used, and where they are practiced.
Socialist Studies - Spring 2017 - Complete Issue
Authors: Cain Sean
Published: September 2017

Socialist Studies - Spring 2017 - Complete Issue
Stuart Hall’s Legacy: Thatcherism, Cultural Studies and ‘the Battle for Socialist Ideas’ during the 1980s
Authors: Pimlott Herbert
Published: September 2017

While few analyses of leading cultural thinkers and scholars, such as Raymond Williams and Stuart Hall, consider their roles as socialist public intellectuals, engaged in the on-the-ground debates around party and/or movement strategy and tactics for the Left, such involvement can contribute to making their work more influential as scholars and their work as scholars can contribute to making their political interventions more efficacious. This paper focuses on Stuart Hall’s role as a socialist public intellectual and his ‘Thatcherism’ thesis during the 1980s and argues that part of the latter’s success was not necessarily due to the veracity of its analysis so much as the position of the author and the production and distribution of the ideas.
Mastering the Mysteries of Diplomacy: Karl Marx as International Theorist
Authors: Epp Roger
Published: September 2017

The field of international relations is one of few corners of the social sciences in which it has been relatively easy to avoid an encounter with Karl Marx and Marxist thought. Arguably, the reverse has also been true. Whatever the reasons for that mutual ambivalence, this essay claims Marx as a serious theorist of the international, not just a pamphleteer or tactician. It does so primarily by rereading his response to the suppression of the Paris Commune, The Civil War in France. Marx’s essay, lively and provocative, challenges the distinction between ‘domestic politics’ and ‘international relations,’ and suggests that the ontological building blocks of international theory – the state and war – are revealed as historically unstable by ‘the most tremendous war of modern times.’ While Marx later reconsidered some of his analysis, The Civil War in France retains its interrogatory power especially in relation to contemporary instances of international political violence.
Narratives of Learning: The Personal Portfolio in the Portfolio Approach to Teaching and Learning
Authors: Leslie Paul Henry , Camargo-Borges Celiane
Published: September 2017

This paper will explore how a portfolio approach to teaching and learning can help the educator incorporate unique forms of reflective practice into his or her daily work. By being able to express ideas more clearly to himself, the educator can better promote the relational construction of knowledge in his educational communities. This paper, as part of a larger body of research asks, how can a portfolio approach to teaching and learning help the educator develop unique forms of reflective practice that will help him express his ideas more clearly, first to himself and then secondly to his educational communities? Research methodology is primarily participatory action research and includes an autoethnographic review of the author’s work, reviews, interviews, observations, and focus groups with student teachers and professional teachers in the United Arab Emirates. The research concludes that in consideration of McLuhan’s (1964) notion that the “medium is the message,” the interactions that arise through the use of new media tools can lead us to relational, co-constructed ideas that are not those simply passed on from other texts. By making our thinking visible, the portfolio approach allows the educator to capture the contextual relationship between the author, the audience or community, and the knowledge being created.
Using Design-Based Research to Develop Meaningful Online Discussions in Undergraduate Field Experience Courses
Authors: Johnson Carol , Hill Laurie , Lock Jennifer , Altowairiki Noha , Ostrowski Christopher , Da Rosa dos Santos Luciano , Liu Yang
Published: September 2017

From a design perspective, the intentionality of students to engage in surface or deep learning is often experienced through prescribed activities and learning tasks. Educators understand that meaningful learning can be furthered through the structural and organizational design of the online environment that motivates the student towards task completion. However, learning engagement is unique for each student. It is dependent on both how students learn and their intentions for learning. Based on this challenge, the design of online discussions becomes a pedagogical means in developing students’ intentionality for the adoption of strategies leading to deep learning. Through a Design-Based Research (DBR) approach, iterative design of online learning components for undergraduate field experience courses were studied. For this paper, the focus of the research is on examining factors that influenced deep and surface levels of learning in online discussion forums. The results indicate that design factors (i.e., student engagement, group structures, and organization) influence the nature and degree of deep learning. From the findings, two implications for practice are shared to inform the design and scaffolding of online discussion forums to foster deep approaches to student learning.
Verifying Causal Relationships Among the Presences of the Community of Inquiry Framework in the Chinese Context
Authors: Ma Zhiqiang , Wang Jing , Wang Qiyun , Kong Lili , Wu Yajie , Yang Hao
Published: September 2017

The purpose of this study was to verify a Chinese version of Community of Inquiry (CoI) instrument with learning presence and explore the causal relationships of the factors in the instrument. This study first examined the reliability and validity of the instrument. All four presences had acceptable levels of reliability (all Cronbach's α> .765 or higher). The confirmatory factor modeling approach was used to assess its validity. Then, the study used path analysis and regression analysis to explore the causal relationships of the presences. The key findings showed that teaching and social presences directly influenced the perceptions of learning presence. Learning presence was a partial mediating variable of interactional relationship within CoI constructs.
Crossing the Threshold in Introductory Women’s and Gender Studies Courses: An Assessment of Student Learning
Authors: Hassel Holly , Launius Christie
Published: September 2017

This article reports on a scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL) project in the introductory women’s and gender studies course, occasioned by a curricular redesign to focus the course on four threshold concepts within the field: the social construction of gender, privilege and oppression, intersectionality, and feminist praxis. The authors identify the metaphors students used to describe their learning, focus on the roles of metacognitive development and affective learning, and discuss the most difficult course concept for students: intersectionality.
La comunicación didáctica en la tutoría virtual
Authors: Medina Rivilla Antonio , Domínguez Garrido Maria Concepción , Sánchez Romero Cristina
Published: September 2017

La comunicación didáctica en la tutoría virtual es la base para el desarrollo de contenidos formativos en el diseño de los nuevos planes de estudio. La comunicación virtual se ha convertido en el eje de la formación a distancia y en la herramienta clave del proceso de aprendizaje de los estudiantes. La flexibilidad de los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje en los medios virtuales incide en el diseño e implementación de los contenidos didácticos de las asignaturas en escenarios educativos, destacando la influencia de la función tutorial en los procesos formativos. La capacidad de adaptación de los estudiantes, docentes y docentes-tutores a éste medio ha de partir de la adquisición de las siguientes competencias claves para el desarrollo de la tarea educativa: la competencia didáctico-formativa y la competencia tecnológica-digital. A continuación presentamos una investigación de innovación docente en el que la comunicación didáctica virtual es la clave para el desarrollo de los procesos formativos.
Aprendizagem Colaborativa e Web 2.0: proposta de modelo de organização de conteúdos interativos
Authors: Torres Tércia Zavaglia , Amaral Sérgio Ferreira do
Published: September 2017

As ferramentas tecnológicas da Web 2.0 favorecem a aprendizagem, gerando a possibilidade de melhoria do desempenho dos alunos. Entretanto, para que este objetivo seja alcançado, deve haver uma convergência entre diversos fatores que permeiam as práticas educacionais. Alinhar o modelo de aprendizagem ao projeto pedagógico e formar os professores para usarem as ferramentas tecnológicas, em especial as de autoria, são alguns dos fatores que favorecem o uso das TIC no espaço educativo. Com base em uma revisão da literatura, discutem-se estes aspectos e apresenta-se uma proposta de modelo conceitual de organização de conteúdos, baseado nas concepções de aprendizagem colaborativa.
Nativos digitales y nuevas tecnologias: implantación en la universidad
Authors: Nuñes Gómez Patricia , García Guardia Maria Luisa
Published: September 2017

Este articulo se enmarca dentro de la línea de investigación que el gruposocmedia (www.gruposocmedia.es) está desarrollando desde hace varios años sobre Nativos Digitales y su relación con las Nuevas Tecnologías. Se trata de investigar cómo construyen realidad Social los jóvenes a través de los servicios y contenidos digitales abiertos. En este artículo se expone la implantación de los conocimientos extraídos de las investigaciones del grupo a las clases prácticas dentro de la universidad durante el curso académico 2009-2010. Se intenta transferir los conocimientos adquiridos en investigación a las clases de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Información de la Universidad Complutense.
Arquitetura e serviços para EaD no SBTVD com escalabilidade
Authors: Mendes Carlos Otávio Schocair , Leão Jorge Lopes de Souza , Pedroza Aloysio de Castro Pinto
Published: September 2017

A TV está presente em 95,7% dos lares brasileiros, mostrando ser um instrumento de comunicação de massa importante, diante da proposta do Governo Brasileiro de promover a inclusão social por meio de cursos, usando a TV Digital interativa. Por outro lado, um número excessivo de usuários poderia comprometer o funcionamento do sistema, tornando o problema não escalável. Durante o desenvolvimento deste trabalho foram discutidas as formas de viabilizar o Ensino a Distância, utilizando como tecnologia o Sistema Brasileiro de TV Digital. Neste artigo, como contribuição, são apresentadas uma arquitetura e um modelo de atendimento escaláveis.
Pars pro toto: film interpretation according to the documentary method
Authors: Baltruschat Astrid
Published: September 2017

Using the example of a short film shot by students, insights are provided as to how films can be interpreted on the basis of the documentary method. It is shown that the film’s meaning, which the documentary method aims to explore, can be found as a homologous structure in different filmic dimensions. It permeates the document both in the individual fragment and as a whole in the sense of “pars pro toto.” The study's interpretive results are characterized and validated by the homologies identified in the analysis.
Um corpo na dança contemporânea brasileira: percurso de rupturas e afirmações
Authors: Vilela Lilian
Published: September 2017

Este texto faz parte de uma pesquisa de doutorado realizada no Laborarte/ UNICAMP, com foco central na história de vida artística de Denise Stutz, bailarina brasileira, e seu percurso de atuação desde a década de 1970 até os dias atuais. O recorte aqui refere-se ao seu período de questionamento com a dança e sua experiência no campo teatral e da performance, em um momento de ruptura estética e existencial. Esta pesquisa alia voz e corpo em seus aspectos sensíveis, adotando como procedimento metodológico na pesquisa qualitativa, a transcriação de suas narrativas orais e as análises de movimento integradas às análises de espetáculo das narrativas cênicas de obras de referência na trajetória da bailarina. Costurando as reflexões estéticas vividas e encenadas podemos constatar a potência da arte da dança como modo de percepção, transformação e criação de si mesmo, e desta dança como discurso pronunciado pelo corpo-sujeito no mundo e para o mundo circundante.
Injektabel Komposit Hydroksiapatit-Gelatin sebagai Sistem Penghantaran Alendronat
Authors: Budiatin Aniek Setiya , Khotib Junaidi , Hasmono Didik , - Samirah
Published: September 2017

Background: Bisphosphonates, such as alendronate (ALE), have been known to be effective in the treatment of bone cancer and osteoporosis. However, it has been reported that the systemic administration of ALE causes a considerable side effect. Thus, the formulation injectable bone substitute (IBS) for local administration of ALE, which functions as drug delivery system (DDS) as well as filling agent in osteoporosis-induced bone fracture, is needed. Objective: To establish the biodegradable and biocompatible formulation for ALE in injectable form which supports the drug delivery system and acts as filling agent in bone fracture. Methods: Hydroxyapatite (HA) was added to the mixture of gelatin and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (GEL-HPMC). ALE was added to the mixture and semisolid form was prepared for granulation. The dried granule, as injectable matrix, was grinded and mixed with appropriate amount of Na2HPO4. Results: Porosity of injectable form was higher than those of granule form. Injectable semisolid form was produced by adding 0.8 mL Na2HPO4 on each gram of granule with 10-12 min setting time. MTT assay showed that matrix was biocompatible showed by more than 100% viability. In vitro dissolution study showed that ALE was slowly released in more than 20 days. Conclusions: The formula of IBS using HA-GEL-HPMC may act as an effective drug delivery system for local administration of ALE in bone fracture.
Frozen Microemulsions for MAPLE Immobilization of Lipase
Authors: Califano Valeria , Bloisi Francesco , Perretta Giuseppe , Aronne Antonio , Ausanio Giovanni , Costantini Aniello , Vicari Luciano
Published: September 2017

MAPLE (matrix assisted pulsed laser evaporation) depositions of Candida Rugosa lipase were carried out from ice matrices whose composition is optimized in order to minimize conformational damage of the protein, which strongly influences its catalytic activity. To induce lid opening and to protect lipase during the MAPLE process, pentane and m-DOPA amino acid were added to the liquid matrix giving a target formed by a frozen water-lipase-pentane microemulsion. FTIR and AFM were used to investigate the structure of MAPLE deposited lipase films. The ability of MAPLE films to promote transesterification was determined by thin layer chromatography. It was shown that m-DOPA has influence on the aggregation but not on the unfolding of lipase induced by MAPLE, while the microemulsion formed by the addition of pentane to the target composition is effective in protecting lipase during the MAPLE process. MAPLE deposited lipases showed a modified specificity.
Scheduling Non-preemptible Jobs to Minimize Peak Demand
Authors: Yaw Sean , Mumey Brendan
Published: September 2017

This paper examines an important problem in smart grid energy scheduling; peaks in power demand are proportionally more expensive to generate and provision for. The issue is exacerbated in local microgrids that do not benefit from the aggregate smoothing experienced by large grids. Demand-side scheduling can reduce these peaks by taking advantage of the fact that there is often flexibility in job start times. We focus attention on the case where the jobs are non-preemptible, meaning once started, they run to completion. The associated optimization problem is called the Peak Demand Minimization problem and has been previously shown to be NP-hard. Our results include an optimal fixed-parameter tractable algorithm, a polynomial-time approximation algorithm, as well as an effective heuristic that can also be used in an online setting of the problem. Simulation results show these methods can reduce peak demand by up to 50% versus on-demand scheduling for household power jobs.
The Cost of Clean Water in the Delaware River Basin (USA)
Authors: Kauffman Gerald J.
Published: September 2017

The Delaware River has made a marked recovery in the half-century since the adoption of the Delaware River Basin Commission (DRBC) Compact in 1961 and passage of the Federal Clean Water Act amendments during the 1970s. During the 1960s, the DRBC set a 3.5 mg/l dissolved oxygen criteria for the river based on an economic analysis that concluded a waste load abatement program designed to meet fishable water quality goals would generate significant recreation and environmental benefits. Scientists with the Delaware Estuary Program have recently called for raising the 1960s DO criteria along the Delaware River from 3.5 mg/l to 5.0 mg/l to protect anadromous American shad and Atlantic sturgeon and address the prospect of rising temperatures, sea levels, and salinity in the estuary. This research concludes through a marginal abatement cost (MAC) analysis that it would be cost effective to raise DO levels to meet a more stringent standard by prioritizing agricultural conservation and wastewater treatment investments in the Delaware River watershed to reduce 90% of the pollutant load 13.6 million kg/year of nitrogen (30 million lb/year) for $160 million at 35% of the $449 million annual cost. The annual least cost to reduce nitrogen loads and raise dissolved oxygen levels to meet more stringent water quality standards in the Delaware River totals $45 million for atmospheric NOX reduction, $130 million for wastewater treatment, $132 million for agriculture conservation, and $141 million for urban stormwater retrofitting. This 21st century least cost analysis estimates that $50 million/year is needed to reduce pollutant loads in the Delaware River to raise dissolved oxygen levels to 4.0 mg/l, $150 million/year is needed to reach 4.5 mg/l, and $449 million/year is needed to reach 5.0 mg/l.
Role of Local Building Materials on the Energy Behaviour of Habitats in Ouagadougou
Authors: COMPAORE Abdoulaye , OUEDRAOGO Boukaré , GUENGANE Hassime , MALBILA Etienne , BATHIEBO D. Joseph
Published: September 2017

The present work is a contribution to the energy efficiency in the habitats by the valorization of the local building materials in Burkina Faso. A comparative numerical study on the thermal behavior and energy consumption of some habitats in local and modern building materials is carried out. The simulations were carried out using computer code written in FORTRAN language over a period of one year. Analysis of the results shows that habitats in local construction materials (BTC, BLT, adobe) have a better thermal response compared to modern building materials (hollow cinder block). Generally speaking, the temperature and humidity profiles obtained do not make it possible to ensure the summer comfort in these buildings throughout the year. The evaluation of air-conditioning loads to ensure thermal comfort in these habitats shows that they are higher respectively in the blocks, BLT, BTC, adobe constructions. We therefore consider that local building materials represent a good alternative for the search for energy efficiency in buildings.
Economics of a 1,000-B/D In-Situ Bitumen Project in Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Ayodele Oluropo R. , Odumah Godwin
Published: September 2017

The Nigerian bitumen belt is currently receiving a great deal of attention from Nigerian economists. This is because the federal government of Nigeria is placing a greater emphasis on the diversification of the country's economy. The economic policies are focusing less on the dominant conventional oil in the Niger Delta and more on agriculture, tourism, entertainment, infrastructure development, and industrial and solid mineral production. Development of the latter is currently governed by the Nigerian Minerals and Mining Act of 2007 (NMMA 2007). For development purposes, bitumen is classified as one of the solid minerals under the act (NMMA 2007). In this regard, we proposed and performed an economic study of a more-manageable small-scale 1,000 B/D in-situ bitumen-extraction project assuming modularized, “cookie-cutter” steam-assisted-gravity-drainage (SAGD) development technology by use of NMMA (2007) fiscal terms. Under the current deflationary conditions in the upstream sector of the oil and gas industry, such a small-scale in-situ project could be started with an initial capital expenditure of fewer than USD 25 million. In this paper, we discuss the Nigerian bitumen belt and resource potential within the belt. Previous works on the economics of Nigerian bitumen development, market opportunity for bitumen in road construction, and discussion on environmental footprints are also presented. These are then followed by economic evaluation and analysis of a small-scale 1,000 B/D in-situ SAGD project. The findings in this paper provide economic data that can be used for economic screening when considering in-situ bitumen-development investment in the Nigerian bitumen belt.
The Interaction of Viscous Fingering, Permeability Heterogeneity and Gravity Segregation in 3D
Authors: Tchelepi H. A. , Orr F. M.
Published: September 2017

Two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) computations by a particle-tracking technique are compared for unstable displacements in homogeneous and heterogeneous porous media, with and without gravity. In homogeneous porous media without gravity, 2D fingering patterns and the length of the transition zone are nearly the same as those obtained in 3D displacements. When gravity is added, however, calculated gravity tongues and fingering patterns can be very different when viscous and gravity forces are of comparable magnitude. The presence of correlated heterogeneities can alter significantly the range of viscous to gravity ratio over which the transition from gravity-dominated flow to fingering dominated flow occurs. For displacements in that transition region, 2D simulations do not reproduce accurately the behavior of 3D flows.