bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
To the question of the definition and features of corporate norms
Authors: Makarova Natalya
Published: February 2023

The article is devoted to formulating the definition and highlighting the system of signs of corporate norms as a special kind of social regulators from the standpoint of the Russian legal science. The author emphasizes the ever-increasing role of corporate norms, which is due to the processes taking place in it. As features of corporate norms, the following are defined: formalized nature, focus on ensuring the functioning of non-state associations, addressing exclusively to entities that are members of such associations, provision with measures of non-state influence, etc. On the basis of the distinguished features, it is proposed to understand corporate norms as formally defined social norms aimed at ensuring the functioning of non-state associations, regulating their internal issues, provided by measures of influence from these associations.
Approaches to the regulation of testing and the use of unmanned vehicles in Singapore
Authors: Dremlyuga Roman
Published: February 2023

Singapore is one of the world leaders in the digital of the economy by many measures. By analyzing Singapore's experience in regulating the testing and application of unmanned vehicles, it is possible to find promising ways to develop the Russian regulatory framework in this area. The article examines the general framework for the development of the regulatory framework in the sphere of regulation of relations regarding the use of intelligent technologies, as well as the basic principles of regulation of testing and application of artificial intelligence. The analysis of the regulatory framework regulating the rules of unmanned vehicles in Singapore is carried out. The text explores common regulatory intervention strategies in the implementation of new technologies. The author’s team concludes that Singapore has moved away from a prohibitionist approach and a control-oriented strategy in the regulation of AI-driven vehicles. Authorities in Singapore combine different strategies to regulate the testing and use of unmanned in favor of an adaptation-oriented approach. A risk tolerance approach is also applied to the regulation of testing and application of unmanned vehicles.
Ethnozoological violence as a model for committing a crime
Authors: Pleshakov Alexander M.
Published: February 2023

The article deals with the use of animals against humans and other representatives of the animal world. Such violence is actually recognized as a kind of instrumental coercion. At the same time, ethnozoological violence is considered as an ethnocultural phenomenon based on the mental heritage of previous generations. It is argued that violence with the use of animals has a socio-psychological origin, which is typical for most States. As a phenomenon of human practice, it is a generic concept in relation to its extreme form – criminal violence. Accordingly, any coercive influence on other people using animals is a model for criminal acts in the form of harm to human life or health. Consideration of ethnozoological violence in any aspect as a global social phenomenon or as a private event has shown that these forms always obey general socio-psychological laws.
“Institutions v. rules”: common financial politics implementation mechanism in the European Union
Authors: Shokhin Sergey O.
Published: February 2023

The organisational mechanism “institutions v. rules” is considered in the article as an alternative for supranational rules and international treaties within the international unions and integrational entities. On the certain stage of the international regional integration there is a need for common financial policy implemented by the member-states. However, public finance is a sensitive and complicated field for supranational regulation and international treaties. The technology “institutions v. rules” which implies creation of independent financial institutions monitoring and advising on the state’s financial policy can be an alternative for legal norms. The technology “institutions v. rules” is applied in the European Union but still underestimated in the EAEU.
The first Criminal Code of Soviet Russia and the responsibility of professional criminals
Authors: Skoblikov Petr A.
Published: February 2023

In 2022, 100 years have passed since the adoption of the first Criminal Code of Soviet Russia — a fundamentally new codified act in the history of Russian legislation. The objectives of this study: to identify and analyze the provisions of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR of 1922 aimed at combating professional crime; to assess their validity, novelty and consistency in the context of the criminal-political tasks that were set before the legislative bodies, as well as their conditionality of the socio-economic and criminological situation that was developing at that time; to create prerequisites for further research on the extent to which the approaches of the legislator to the criminal-legal fight against professional crime were embodied and developed in the subsequent criminal legislation. The article analyzes the main and qualified elements of crimes containing such signs as engaging in crimes of a certain type as a profession and committing a crime in the form of fishing. The rules of sentencing professional criminals and the application of other social protection measures to them, in addition to punishment, are considered. The prescriptions of the criminal law are set out in combination with the characteristics of the socio-economic and criminogenic situation of the early 20s of the twentieth century, the views of domestic lawyers of that time on the problems of criminal professionalism, assessment of the bases of legislative decisions, their gaps and shortcomings.
The civil case of the “red count”
Authors: Vershinin Aleksandr
Published: February 2023

In 1924, the Leningrad Provincial Court considered the litigation between Alexei Tolstoy and the translator of a foreign play, which formed the basis of the stage work of the writer. In pre-revolutionary and soviet Russia, as well as in some other states, there were social, administrative and legal prerequisites for the free use of foreign works (i.e. reprint, translation, recast). The court dismissed the claim without considering the foreign element of the legal relationship. In the absence of cross-border agreements on copyright, the court decision did not eliminate all the questions about the “casus Tolstoy” not only among literary critics, but also among lawyers as well.
On the issue of trends of the development of the legal establishment of administrative responsibility
Authors: Admiralova Irina
Published: February 2023

The institution of administrative responsibility is one of the key ones in Administrative Law. However, in order for it to become so, it took quite a long time, the legal support of the institution of administrative responsibility was formed almost throughout the twentieth century. Today, a two-level system of legislation on administrative responsibility has been formed. The article draws attention to legislative and doctrinal provisions related to issues of administrative responsibility.
Online LSP Teaching – Challenges and Perspectives
Authors: Radojković Ilić Katarina
Published: February 2023

The subject of this paper is the benefits and drawbacks of the online delivery of classes and the comparison of online and traditional forms of teaching and learning. As a result of the pandemic in the academic year of 2019/2020, educational institutions were forced to switch from traditional teaching to an online environment almost overnight. The purpose of this research is to identify advantages and problems as perceived by the students, with the aim of gaining a deeper insight into different aspects of online language teaching and learning and improving the quality of online lessons. Besides providing the theoretical background and a historical review of distance learning, the paper also presents the results of research conducted with the students of the Faculty of Law at the University of Belgrade and offers insights into students’ experience of the online learning environment and their attitudes toward traditional and online classes. The analysis of the answers shows that the online delivery of classes did not influence the acquisition of linguistic components such as vocabulary, grammar or speaking skills. They also show a positive influence on students’ learning autonomy, self-confidence and motivation. Although the number of respondents includes only a small group of students, the analysis of the answers shows, in any case, certain important aspects related to the students’ attitudes towards the nature of online lectures. They point out the importance of the social aspect of education that has to be taken into consideration.
Teaching Business English Online – Students’ Perceptions and Suggestions on Advancing the Online Learning Process
Authors: Dimeski Nikola
Published: February 2023

The learning process is a gradual process that keeps evolving based on technology, economics, political standing, and social structures. However, the unexpected COVID-19 pandemic rushed this evolutionary process for higher educational institutions that were unprepared for online teaching. This was especially the case for the educational systems that have not incorporated online teaching into higher education, such as the Macedonian education system. Therefore, the higher educational institutions, including the students and professors, had to adjust to the new teaching method immediately. While the change was inevitable, these adjustments to learning impact students’ perspectives towards the learning approach, such as their goals and achievements. The current study employs a quantitative descriptive design to study students’ perspectives on e-learning and traditional learning. A total of 45 students following the Business English courses, comprising of 17 males and 28 females, were provided with an online questionnaire in order to understand their perception of the online teaching process at the Faculty of Economics in Prilep during the academic year 2020-2021. Based on students’ responses, the study also provides appropriate suggestions that can enhance the two learning methods for business English students. The study also found no significant relationship between e-learning and traditional learning based on gender. Despite the general perception of most participants that traditional learning is more motivating, more effective and made it easier to develop learning skills compared to e-learning, students believe that the benefits of e-learning should also be considered, and, therefore, suggest that both learning methods should be incorporated into the teaching-learning process. Both learning methods have different challenges but also show similarities and differences. The survey concentrated on the online teaching process at the Faculty as a whole, not on the Business English course particularly; therefore, student suggestions should be considered in relation to teaching practice regardless of the type of the course.
Integrated Language and Literary Approach to LSP Teaching (On the Examples of the Merchant of Venice by William Shakespeare and Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller)
Authors: Lilova Olena , Jovović Tamara
Published: February 2023

Literature can be a great source of creativity in the process of LSP teaching, motivating both instructors and students to explore and ignite their imagination, while also widening the scope of the instruments and methods of language practice. This paper aims to explore the possibilities of incorporating certain elements of literary analysis into LSP classes, using the example of material from two plays that have the common topics of money, gaining or losing capital, and the moral aspects of wealth. They are The Merchant of Venice by William Shakespeare and Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller. As is shown, an integrated approach not only offers learners opportunities to develop their linguistic competence and communicative skills, but also enhances their cultural awareness, which is becoming even more important in contemporary multicultural classrooms. These three major aspects of the integrated approach to LSP teaching – language, speech and cultural – are given special attention in the paper. Both The Merchant of Venice and Death of a Salesman are abundant in business idiomatic expressions and culture-specific issues. Therefore, by analyzing the semantics of these idiomatic expressions in literary, authentic texts, learners can adopt and explore real language in context. The wide scope of topics developed in the The Merchant of Venice and Death of a Salesman offers an excellent opportunity for various speech exercises that can be organized in class and presuppose the students’ use of the active lexical items from the field of Business English. As is stated in the paper, by reading and discussing literary texts in language classes, students learn to understand other cultures and societies, which is of paramount importance in the multicultural milieu of the modern world.
The Design and Use of Coursebooks in the Module of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) Case Study: ESP Teachers at Mascara University in Algeria
Authors: Benabdi Farouk
Published: February 2023

The teaching of the module of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) is becoming increasingly common at Algerian universities, notably in the departments of English language and literature and in the scientific and technical departments where English is taught. This module is provided by teachers, who are either specialized in ESP or in English, to students of different levels and different specializations. Naturally, to teach this module, the teachers need to have the right pedagogical material to help them be effective in their performance, which is known as the coursebook. Hence, the objective of this paper is to identify, explain and evaluate the teachers’ position towards ESP coursebook design, and to give recommendations related to that in the Algerian context. To this end, a questionnaire will be given to some GE and ESP teachers from an Algerian university located in the west of the country: Mascara University, Algeria. This paper analyses the results of that survey and discusses the most important findings.
Challenges in Translating Professional Texts on The Example of Tourism-Related Publications Translated into French and Italian on the Montenegrin Market
Authors: Jovanović Ivona , Mušura Gordana
Published: February 2023

Translating texts in the field of tourism often seems simpler than it is. With an excellent command of the source and target languages, the skills of written expression in both languages, and a good knowledge of adequate professional terminology, a translator of texts in the field of tourism is expected to have a very broad general knowledge (Vidić 110) and to be a connoisseur of cultural differences in both countries or cultures. In addition to their profession as a translator, their task is to respect the cultural differences and the economic reality of the country into whose language they translate. As such a good knowledge of non-linguistic elements is «a prerequisite for achieving correct translation» (Piletić 31). Furthermore, the translator needs to have extensive translation experience and master the rules of stylistic use and textual interpretation. It is necessary to point out that their command of the target language is more important than their knowledge of the source language (Hlebec 21). Hence, in situations where there is a need to translate into the target language, it is recommended to hire translators whose mother tongue is that language. The research aims to raise awareness of the importance of good translation in overall tourist communication, and the need for the more active involvement of the local and wider community in this issue. It should be remembered that, in many cases, the translation of a certain text, whether in print or online, represents for foreign tourists the first indirect contact with the destination, and becomes their kind of «interface between different linguistic and cultural systems» (Mardešić and Maržić Sabalić 2). The aforementioned authors are therefore right to wonder «whether anyone can do a translation». We would supplement this idea by posing the question: «Can anyone be a publisher? »This opens a wider range of questions related to the responsibility of those involved in copyright protection, but also the national interest of the state that proclaimed the development of tourism as its most important strategic direction, while presenting itself in a less than perfect light at the same time. Raising the level of quality is necessary not only in translation but also in all tourist services provided in foreign languages; in the field of education in particular, that requires the more meaningful, purposeful, and appliacble teaching and learning of foreign languages in both schools and universities.
The Influence of the Digital Teaching of Language for Specific Purposes on Students’ Motivation
Authors: Stojaković Danka
Published: February 2023

The common framework for languages has set two primary goals for foreign language teaching to achieve: multilingualism and learner autonomy. Teachers are accountable for the development of learner autonomy, through the micro-planning of teaching, and each of us reading from experience has come to the conclusion that the learner autonomy cannot exist without motivation (and vice versa). The aspect of motivation plays the most important role in the acquisition of language skills, but as it is highly subjective, it is very hard to “tame” it methodologically. That problem is particularly challenging in the teaching of language for specific purposes: on the one hand, these are adult learners who by the nature of things are consciously motivated, although often extrinsically; on the other hand, this is not the main subject which they have chosen to study which can often negatively impact their motivation. Due to this, motivating students has always been like walking a tight rope between a “carrot and stick” approach (especially if we consider the common means of evaluation from one side of the spectrum to another of the extrinsically motivated learning). The aim of this paper was to study the degree to which switching to classes in a digital environment, impacted by the pandemic, influenced learner motivation. This paper is based on empirical research via a questionnaire sent to students at university faculties where German for Specific Purposes is taught. The intention was to embrace two aspects of this problem: whether the switching to classes in a digital environment had a positive or a negative impact on the motivation and whether the impact (if there was one) lead in any way to the internalisation of the motivation. In the summary of the paper is the attempted systematization of the aspects of the digital teaching from our practices, which presented accordingly through the empirical research, show that the aspects can be beneficial for the improvement of motivation in a digital environment.
BALAPAN LIAR OLEH REMAJA DI KOTA PADANG DALAM ASPEK KRIMINOLOGI
Authors: Sembiring Susanti , Febrina Yuka , Febrina Yuka
Published: February 2023

Balapan liar merupakan tindakan kriminal, melanggar UU Nomor 22 Tahun 2009 tentang Lalu Lintas dan Angkutan Jalan (LLAJ), karena dapat membahayakan baik pelaku maupun pengguna jalan lainnya. Namun walaupun UU sudah melarang dilakukannya balapan liar, namun dalam praktek sering terjadi terutama di kalangan remaja. Untuk itu perlu dilakukan penelitian faktor penyebab terjadinya balapan liar oleh remaja dalam prespektif ilmu kriminologi dan upaya aparat penegakan hukum dalam hal ini adalah aparat kepolisian dalam menangani kasus balapan liar doi kalangan remaja ini. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui factor-faktor terjadinya balapan liar oleh remaja di Kota Padang dan upaya yang dilakukan pihak kepolisian dalam menangani kasus balapan liar. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan yuridis normatif sebagai pendekatan utama, didukung pendekatan yuridis empiris. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder sebagai data utama, dan data primer sebagai data pendukung yang dikumpulkan melalui studi kepustakaan/studi dokumen dan studi lapangan dengan teknik wawancara. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan diperoleh: faktor terjadinya balapan liar oleh remaja di Kota Padang, adalah karena pergaulan remaja yang tidak baik, kurangnya perhatian orang tua, kurangnya sarana balapan untuk para remaja. balapan liar itu mengganggu kelancaran, meresahkan, dan membahayakan baik Upaya yang dilakukan pihak kepolisian Polresta Padang dalam menangani kasus balapan liar oleh remaja Kota Padang adalah mencakup upaya preventif (pencegahan): 1)melakukan sosialisasi di sekolah, kampus (terutama kepada pelajar dan mahasiswa), persimpangan jalan, melakukan patroli; 2) operasi cipta kondisi. Upaya Represif yang dilakukan oleh pihak kepolisian Polresta Padang yaitu dengan tindakan Tilang ( bukti pelanggaran ) selama 3 bulan.
UPAYA NON PENAL DALAM PENANGGULANGAN TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI MELALUI PEMANFAATAN MEDIA SIBER
Authors: Novermal Novermal
Published: February 2023

Upaya Non Penal Dalam Penanggulangan Tindak Pidana Korupsi Melalui Pemanfaatan Media Siber Pada Kantor Gubernur Provinsi Sumatera Barat adalah dengan adanya kerjasama antara Dinas Komunikasi dan Informasi Provinsi Sumatera Barat dengan media siber dalam pemberitaan kegiatan yang ada di lingkungan kantor Gubernur. Media siber yang jadi mitra adalah, minangsatu.com, semangatnews.com, pilarbangsanews.com, bentengsumbar.com, liputankini.com dengan jangkauan liputannya masih bersifat lokal Sumatera Barat. Dengan membaca berita dugaan tindak pidana korupsi dan ancaman hukum yang ditimpakan kepada pelakunya, Pegawai Kantor Gubernur Sumbar takut untuk melakukan tindak pidana korupsi, namun sebagian besar dari mereka tetap harus melakukan tindak pidana korupsi untuk membiayai kegiatan yang tidak ada anggarannya, seperti untuk kado pesta perkawinan anak atasan, melayani tamu dari oknum wartawan dan LSM, berpartisipasi pada kegiatan hari ulang tahun lembaga penegak hukum, dan kegiatan sosial lainnya. Caranya dengan mengumpulkan uang komisi dari rekanan yang mengerjakan kegiatan di tempat mereka bekerja, membuat SPPD fiktif, mark-up harga dan atau mengurangi volume pengadaan barang dan jasa. Mereka sadar bahwa hal tersebut dilarang, tapi tetap harus dilakukan untuk membiayai kegiatan yang tidak ada anggarannya tersebut. Kendala Dalam Upaya Non Penal Penanggulangan Tindak Pidana Korupsi Melalui Pemanfaatan Media Siber Pada Kantor Gubernur Provinsi Sumatera Barat diantaranya adalah belum mempunyai program kerja sama yang khusus untuk mencegah terjadinya tindak pidana korupsi dengan memanfaatkan pemberitaan media siber, namun hanya sebatas kerja sama pemberitaan tentang kegiatan pemerintahan saja.
PENEGAKAN HUKUM TERHADAP PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA SECARA BERSAMA-SAMA PENYEBAB KEBAKARAN HUTAN SERTA LAHAN DI KAWASAN HUTAN KONSERVASI SUAKA MARGASATWA BARISAN (Laporan Polisi Nomor: LP/246/B/IX/2019/Polres Solok Kota)
Authors: Hidayat Ronald
Published: February 2023

Pasal 40 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1990 tentang Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam Hayati dan Ekosistemnya melarang setiap orang melakukan perubahan pada keutuhan Kawasan Suaka Alam. Pelanggaran terhadap pasal tersebut di wilayah hukum Polres Solok Kota terjadi di Jorong Balai Batingkah Nagari Saniang Bakar Kec. X Koto Singkarak Kab. Solok dimana pelaku melakukan pembakaran hutan di Kawasan Hutan Suaka Margasatwa Barisan yang bertujuan untuk membuka lahan perkebunan. Tindak pidana tersebut telah diproses oleh Satreskrim Polres Solok Kota berdasarkan Laporan Polisi Nomor: LP/246/B/IX/2019/Polres Solok Kota, dan terhadap pelaku tindak pidana telah dijatuhi hukuman pidana berdasarkan putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 3171/Pid.Sus-LH/2020 dan Nomor 3174/Pid.Sus-LH/2020. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa Pertama, penegakan hukum oleh Satreskrim Polres Solok Kota terhadap pelaku tindak pidana secara bersama-sama penyebab kebakaran hutan dan lahan di kawasan Hutan Konservasi Suaka Margasatwa Barisan dilakukan berdasarkan SOP penyidikan dan menerapkan Pasal 40 Ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1990 tentang Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam Hayati dan Ekosistemnya Juncto Pasal 55 KUHP. Kedua, kendala-kendala yang dihadapi penyidik Satreskrim Polres Solok Kota dalam penegakan hukum terhadap pelaku tindak pidana secara bersama-sama penyebab kebakaran hutan dan lahan di Kawasan Hutan Konservasi Suaka Margasatwa Barisan mencakup kendala internal yaitu: 1) kualitas SDM penyidik yang harus ditingkatkan, 2) belum adanya anggaran khusus untuk penyidikan tindak pidana pembakaran hutan; 3) belum lengkapnya sarana dan prasarana yang mendukung penyidikan tindak pidana pembakaran hutan. Kendala eksternal yaitu: 1) Ketidaktahuan masyarakat tentang batas hutan ulayat dengan Kawasan Suaka Margasatwa Barisan; 2) Kurangnya pengetahuan masyarakat tentang bahaya dan dampak dari pembakaran hutan dan pentingnya hutan; 3) Tempat Kejadian Perkara (TKP) yang luas dan sulit dijangkau; 4) Terbatasnya ahli kehutanan di tingkat daerah; 5) Sedikitnya orang yang mau menjadi saksi dalam proses penyidikan tindak pidana kebakaran hutan.
PENERAPAN UNSUR TINDAK PIDANA KEPALA DESA YANG MENGUNTUNGKAN SALAH SATU PASANGAN CALON PADA PEMILIHAN GUBERNUR SUMATERA BARAT TAHUN 2020 (Studi Pada Satreskrim Polres Sawahlunto)
Authors: Delmiati Susi , Putra Sinurat Roy Suganda
Published: February 2023

Penerapan Unsur Tindak Pidana Kepala Desa Yang Menguntungkan Salah Satu Pasangan Calon Pada Pemilihan Gubernur Sumatera Barat Tahun 2020 Oleh Satreskrim Polres Sawahlunto adalah pertama, Subjek/Pelaku dimana subyeknya hanya orang- orang tertentu. Unsur Kesengajaan pelaku dimaksudkan untuk memberikan keuntungan atau kerugian bagi pasangan calon peserta pemilihan baik berupa Tindakan aktif atau pasif. Unsur Dilarang membuat keputusan dan/atau tindakan terpenuhi karena selaku Kepala Desa Sikalang membuat tindakan berupa ikut dalam kampanye antara lain menyambut kedatangan Paslon, Memberikan kata Sambutan dan sebagai moderator di sesi tanya jawab dan menutup acara tersebut. Hambatan Dan Upaya Mengatasinya Dalam Penerapan Unsur Tindak Pidana Kepala Desa Yang Menguntungkan Salah Satu Pasangan Calon Pada Pemilihan Gubernur Sumatera Barat Tahun 2020 Oleh Satreskrim Polres Sawahlunto adalah kurangnya partisipasi masyarakat dalam melaporkan dugaan pelanggaran. Kurangnya sosialisasi mengenai alat bukti, Terbatasnya waktu penanganan tindak pidana pemilihan kepala daerah menjadi hambatan dalam penyidikan. Tersangka berbelit-belit memberikan keterangan sehingga penyidik kesulitan mengungkap perkara dan menemukan bukti permulaan yang cukup. Subyek penggeledahan menghalang-halangi penggeledahan. Penangkapan yaitu obyek penangkapan melarikan diri, berada di luar kota, sehingga memakan waktu.
PENERAPAN UNSUR TINDAK PIDANA PERBUATAN MEMILIKI MENGUASAI MEMPUNYAI PERSEDIAAN PADANYA ATAU MENYIMPAN SENJATA API TANPA IZIN
Authors: Wahyudi Weli
Published: February 2023

Penyidik di Satreskrim Dharmasraya menemui beberapa kesulitan dalam penerapan unsur pidana pada kasus Peredaran senjata api secara illegal yang terjadi di wilayah hukum Polres Dharmasraya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum dengan spesifikasi yang bersifat deskriptif analitis. Penerapan Unsur Tindak Pidana Pada Perbuatan Memiliki Menguasai Mempunyai Persediaan Padanya Atau Menyimpan Senjata Api Tanpa Izin Oleh Satreskrim Polres Dharmasraya adalah menerapkan Pasal 1 ayat (1) UU Darurat Nomor 12 Tahun 1951 dimana unsur yang diterapkan adalah Unsur Barang Siapa dimana dalam hal ini dapat orang perseorang dan koorporasi. Unsur Yang Tanpa Hak maksudnya. Unsur mempunyai persediaan padanya atau mempunyai dalam miliknya. Hal ini terbukti ketika dilakukan penggeladahan ditemukan 1 (satu) pucuk senjata api rakitan laras panjang warna Loreng dengan magezen terpasang yang berisikan 1 (satu) butir amunisi didalam kamar dan 5 (lima) butir didalam magazen dan bagian senjata seperti gagang, laras grendel yang siap dirakit serta perlengkapan lainnya yang digunakan oleh pelaku untuk membuat senjata api rakitan. Hambatan Dalam Penerapan Unsur Tindak Pidana Pada Perbuatan Memiliki Menguasai Mempunyai Persediaan Padanya Atau Menyimpan Senjata Api Tanpa Izin Oleh Satreskrim Polres Dharmasraya yaitu sulitnya diketahui adanya perdagangan senjata api gelap dengan harga jual yang murah dan proses yang mudah. Kurangnya anggota Satreskrim dengan keahlian khusus mendeteksi senjata api. Kendala lainnya adalah Kurang aktifnya masyarakat terhadap suatu tindak pidana yang terjadi di lingkungan sekitarnya sehingga mereka enggan untuk menjadi saksi dan kurangnya informasi yang diperoleh oleh kepolisian terhadap peredaran senjata api yang beredar di kalangan masyarakat.
EFEKTIVITAS PELAKSANAAN PROGRAM PENGEMBANGAN ETIKA PROFESIONAL SEBAGAI UPAYA MENCEGAH TINDAKAN PIDANA ANGGOTA POLRI
Authors: Iskander William Mahad
Published: February 2023

Pengembangan Etika Profesi ini tertuang dalam Peraturan Kepala Bagian Profesi dan Pengamanan Polri Nomor 1 Tahun 2017 tentang Tata Cara Rehabilitasi Personil Polri. Namun, masih banyak tindak pidana yang dilakukan oleh anggota Polri. Seperti kasus penyalahgunaan narkoba, kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, perselingkuhan, perzinahan, pencabulan, penipuan, perjudian, ancaman, pencurian, pembunuhan, penggelapan, kecabulan, suap dan pemaknaan ilegal yang dilakukan oleh aparat kepolisian sendiri dalam kurun waktu 2019 hingga 2021. kepada anggota Polri yang melakukan tindak pidana.
PENERAPAN ATURAN STANDAR MINIMAL PERLAKUAN TERHADAP NARAPIDANA DALAM PEMBINAAN SISTEM PEMASYARAKATAN (Studi Pada Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Klas IIB Solok)
Authors: Faniyah Iyah , Sari Nora Wulan
Published: February 2023

Sejak tahun 1964 sistem pembinaan bagi narapidana telah berubah secara mendasar yaitu dari sistem kepenjaraan menjadi sistem pemasyarakatan. Tujuan perubahan ini adalah untuk perlindungan Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM). Pembaharuan ini mengacu pada Standard Minimum Rules for The Treatment Of Prisoners (SMR) 1933, yang berlaku untuk seluruh negara anggota PBB. Indonesia sebagai anggota PBB menerapkan sistem pembinaan ini di dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 1995 tentang Pemasyarakatan yang penerapannya di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Klas IIB Solok melalui pembinaan kepribadian dan pembinaan kemandirian. Lapas yang seyogyanya adalah tempat pembinaan warga binaan pemasyarakatan tidak akan berfungsi secara maksimal dengan keadaan yang kelebihan penghuni.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP PNS DAN PENSIUNAN PNS DALAM PENERAPAN TARIF PENERIMAAN NEGARA BUKAN PAJAK PADA KEGIATAN PELAYANAN PERTANAHAN
Authors: Idrison Idrison
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang perlindungan hukum PNS dan pensiunan dalam pengenaan tarif penerimaan negara bukan pajak di Kantor Pertanahan Kota Padang. Pasal 22 ayat (1) Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 128 Tahun 2015 tentang Jenis dan Tarif Atas Penerimaan Negara Bukan Pajak Yang Berlaku Pada Badan Pertanahan Nasional menyatakan bahwa pihak tertentu (pensiunan PNS) dapat dikenakan tarif sebesar Rp. 0,00 (nol rupiah) dari jenis Penerimaan Negara Bukan Pajak dan Pasal 24 ayat (1) menyebutkan pihak tertentu (PNS) dapat dikenakan tarif sebesar 50% (lima puluh persen) dari tarif jenis Penerimaan Negara Bukan Pajak-pajak Penerimaan Negara. Faktanya, implementasinya tidak sesuai dengan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 128 Tahun 2015.
The combinatorial patterns of twá 'to cut' in Asante-Twi (Akan):
Authors: Agyepong Dorothy Pokua
Published: February 2023

Cross-linguistically, verbs have combinatorial patterns. When the semantics of a verb combines with the semantics of its internal arguments, different interpretations are derived. These interpretations can be literal or non-literal (Ameka 2019; Spalek 2015; Rappaport Hovav 2014; Bobuafor 2013, 2018; Levin and Rappaport Hovav 2013; Ameka and Essegbey 2007; Levin 1993). Using data collected from written texts, video-stimuli descriptions, spontaneous utterances and native-speaker intuitions, this paper explores the potential combinatorial patterns of twá ‘to cut’ in Asante-Twi (Akan, Kwa-Niger Congo). I show that the verb combines with different types of internal arguments, in different argument structure constructions to derive multiple interpretations. Taking into consideration the fact that “natural language tries to minimize polysemy” (Levin and Rappaport Hovav 2013: 2), I propose a univocal lexical semantics for twá ‘to cut’ and show that its basic semantics is kept constant even in non-prototypical contexts. I argue that the use of twá ‘to cut’ in non-prototypical contexts represent contextual modulations of the verb’s single meaning. Following Spalek (2015) and Ameka (2019), I suggest that such contextual interpretations should be analysed compositionally, paying attention to the verb’s internal arguments as well as the argument structure constructions in which it occurs.
Спеціальна силова підготовка метальника списа
Authors: Ціпов’яз Анатолій
Published: February 2023

Анотація. У статті зазначається, що метальники списа у тренувальному процесі надмірно розвивають силові можливості, не враховуючи специфіки прояву сили під час метання снаряда. Проблема силової підготовки завжди була актуальною та найбільш дискусійною і все-таки більшість учених віддавали перевагу застосуванню великих навантажень з використанням переважно класичних вправ зі штангою або з невеликими видозмінами тих самих вправ. Мета. Запропонувати біоелектричну активність м’язів (електроміограму) як один з основних чинників визначення рівня ефективності спеціальних вправ у системі підготовки легкоатлетів. Методи. Аналіз та узагальнення науково-методичної літератури, електроміографія, емпіричні дослідження. Результати. Проведений порівняльний аналіз біоелектричної активності м’язів у фінальній фазі метання списа, а також аналогічних параметрів руху під час виконання спеціальних вправ виявив «вибуховий» характер зусилля м’язів з характерною великою амплітудою осциляцій. Запропоновано оцінювати ефективність силових вправ, за характером і силою біоелектричної активності м’язів, найбільш схожих до метання списа.

Ключові слова: спеціальна силова підготовка, електроміограма, біоелектрична активність м’язів, тренувальний ефект.
Реалізація варіативної складової на уроках фізичної культури в умовах освітнього середовища міських і сільських шкіл
Authors: Круцевич Тетяна , Трачук Сергій , Мамедова Інна
Published: February 2023

Анотація. Заходи з підвищення рухової активності молоді в секторі освіти визнаються як один із економічно ефективних підходів до громадського здоров’я. Аналіз тенденцій у сучасній системі шкільної освіти в Україні свідчить, що здійснені позитивні кроки спрямовані на досягнення загальної мети базової загальної освіти та реалізацію концептуально нової навчальної програми з фізичної культури. Мета. Визначити умови освітнього середовища для реалізації варіативної складової на уроках фізичної культури в закладах загальної середньої освіти різної територіальної локації. Методи. Теоретичний аналіз і узагальнення наукової літератури; анкетування; методи математичної статистики. Результати. Умови екологічного освітнього середовища в сільських і міських закладах загальної середньої освіти, функціональні спортивні зони, матеріально-технічне забезпечення визначено серед ключових для реалізації модульного підходу на уроках фізичної культури. Заклади освіти повинні прагнути відповідати критеріям санітарного благополуччя, мати сучасну матеріально-технічну базу для організації навчання та забезпечення фізичної активності учнів.

Ключові слова: навчальна програма, варіативні модулі, фізична культура, заклади загальної середньої освіти.
Мотивація до занять фізичною культурою і спортом як важлива умова функціонування ефективної системи фізичного виховання Китайської Народної Республіки
Authors: Марченко Оксана , Бричук Марія , Чжімінь Се
Published: February 2023

Анотація. У статті досліджуються мотиваційні чинники, що стосуються занять фізичною культурою і спортом студентської молоді КНР. Мета. Вивчення мотивів студентської молоді КНР до занять фізичною культурою і спортом. Методи. Аналіз, порівняння, узагальнення, систематизація, анкетування, методи математичної статистики. Результати. За результатами анкетування визначено, що 88,4 % загальної кількості респондентів, які брали участь у дослідженні, займаються спортом. Найпопулярніші види спорту – це бадмінтон, фітнес, баскетбол і пінг-понг. Обираючи мотиви до занять спортом та відвідування занять з фізичного виховання, юнаки і дівчата одностайно визнали підвищення рівня фізичної підготовленості. Результати дослідження засвідчують, що мотиви студентської молоді до занять фізичною культурою і спортом – це система факторів, умов, мотивів, потреб і установок, які суттєво впливають на мотиваційну сферу особистості китайських студентів, її розвиток і формування.

Ключові слова: студентська молодь, мотивація, фізична культура і спорт.
Характеристика когнітивної сфери особистості кіберспортсмена
Authors: Ганага Ольга , Петровська Тетяна
Published: February 2023

Анотація. Протягом багатьох років у тренувальному процесі поступово формується динамічна професійна структура психічних процесів, станів, зокрема психічних властивостей, що забезпечують результативність діяльності спортсмена в обраному виді спорту. Спортивно важливі психічні властивості є не тільки основою для побудови психологічної характеристики (психограми) спортсмена, а й основою для побудови інших компонентів психологічного забезпечення підготовки спортсменів. Психограма, також відома як психологічний профіль, – це модель «ідеального» спортсмена, в якій перераховано якості особистості, котрі вимагає певний вид спорту від спортсмена. Вона проявляється в схематичному якісному та кількісному відображенні психологічних сторін особистості спортсмена, розвиток яких необхідний для досягнення успіху саме в даному виді спорту. Мета. Дослідити специфіку діяльності особистості спортсмена у кіберспорті та обґрунтувати психоспортограму когнітивної сфери кіберспортсмена. Методи. Аналіз, синтез, порівняння, узагальнення. Результати. Визначено суть та зміст діяльності кіберспорстмена. Узагальнення теоретичного матеріалу дозволило скласти психоспортограму когнітивної сфери особистості спортсмена у кіберспорті. Змагальна діяльність у цьому виді спорту вимагає від спортсмена сформованості певних психологічних та психофізичних характеристик: стресостійкості, добре розвиненої реакції та моторики, аналітичного мислення, здатності швидко приймати рішення у нестандартних ситуаціях, креативності. Кіберспорт вимагає від спортсмена таких особистісних когнітивних особливостей, як схильність до інтелектуальних видів діяльності; хороша зорова, оперативна, рухова пам’ять; здатність зберігати концентрацію та максимальну зосередженість; уникати відволікання, до своєчасного переключення уваги; творча уява; належний рівень гнучкості, швидкості та оригінальності мислення, здатність до прийняття нестандартних та миттєвих рішень; вміння стратегічно, оригінально, аналітично, абстрактно та логічно мислити.

Ключові слова: кіберспорт, кіберспортсмен, когнітивна сфера, психологічний профіль спортсмена, психограма.
Мотивація як фактор впливу в спортивній діяльності
Authors: Перепелиця Анна , Фокіна Євгенія , Ковальчук Вікторія
Published: February 2023

Анотація. У статті досліджується актуальна проблема значення мотивації в спортивній діяльності. Проаналізовано роботи вітчизняних та зарубіжних учених з проблеми мотивації, мотивів поведінки і діяльності. Акцентовано увагу на факті, що сучасна психологія не дає однозначного визначення поняттю «мотивація», а на визначення суті і структури мотивації існує безліч точок зору, і, не дивлячись на велику кількість звернень до даної проблематики, проблема мотивації так і не вирішена. Мета. Висвітлення результатів емпіричного дослідження факторів та мотивів, що сприяють спортивній діяльності. Методи. Аналіз науково-методичної літератури, методики «Вивчення мотивів занять спортом» (В. І. Тропнікова, 2000), «Вивчення спортивної мотивації» (опитувальник Р. А. Пілояна, 1984 в модифікації Г. Д. Бабушкіна, 2001). Результати. Встановлено, що у випробуваних переважає мотив «розвиток характеру і психічних якостей», що свідчить про потреби самовдосконалення, прагнення до розвитку особистісних якостей та морально-вольової сфери спортсменок. Виявлено, що на досягнення високих спортивних результатів усіх респонденток найбільше впливають базисні підстави, а саме фактор «набуття спеціальних знань» та «відсутність больових відчуттів». Виділено і практично обґрунтовано факт успішності виступу спортсменів у сучасних умовах, що вимагає не тільки високого рівня фізичної і техніко-тактичної підготовки, а й максимального напруження психічних функцій. У зв’язку з цим одне з головних місць у системі підготовки спортсменів займає спортивна мотивація на досягнення високого результату. Зазначається, що при однаковому рівні підготовленості спортсменів саме фактор мотивації може відігравати значну роль, та стає особливо важливим у період безпосередньої підготовки до змагань.

Ключові слова: спортсмени, мотиви, спортивна мотивація, спортивний результат.
Analysis of Groundwater Quality in Ghazni City, Ghazni, Afghanistan
Authors: Sarwary Mohammad Naeem , Behzad Mohammad Hussain , Rahimi Mohammad Latif , Ahmani Abdulbaqi
Published: February 2023

Historical groundwater level and water quality data in Ghazni province poorly were reviewed and compared with the data collected in the past than recently. The results suggest that the groundwater quality and water level have been improved progressively with urban development, land use, climate change, social development and frequent drought events. The main impact of these events include; 1- most of the springs and flumes have dried up; 2- decreased annual atmospheric precipitation; 3- increased serious deterioration of water quality; 4- increased water logging and irregulation salinization; 5-declining of water level in excess of recharge trend; 7- increased evaporation and discharge; 6- marshes dried up in several areas of the Basin, leaving salt crust at the surface.    The above impacts have resulted in the replacement of surface water with groundwater resources to support socio-economic development. This, however, is basically not possible because of the low thickness and productivity of the aquifers. We have done very little to advertency water quality deterioration and serious lowering of the groundwater level due to fragmented institutional arrangements and poor formulation of effective water policies, strategies and regulations for integrated groundwater resources management, development, protection and sustainability. Groundwater natural reserves have been depleted, and water quality has deteriorated due to over-exploitation. Overall Afghanistan, Arsenic (total as) contamination are an issue of current drinking water supply systems where users have been using groundwater sources. Arsenic contamination is a major environmental health management concern, especially in Ghazni province in the WASH sector. Increasing human activities and haphazard urbanization have modified the cycle of heavy metal, non-metal and metalloids. The arsenic contaminated groundwater used for drinking can cause an adverse effect on the human health of the study area. The water quality study with 96 samples from drinking water points (DWPs) was carried out in the center of Ghazni province results show that the arsenic concentration values in the study area varied between 0.00-0.99 mg/L and 38% of DWPs samples exceeded the value of the WHO guideline of 0.01 mg/L of As Owever, 62% of analyzed water samples exceeded the National drinking water quality standard (NDWQS) of 0.05 mg/L of As.
Reorienting Edward Said’s Orientalism: Multiple Perspectives
Authors: Elmenfi Fadil
Published: February 2023

Edward Said remained a little-known scholar both in the West and in the Arab World until the publication of his major work, Orientalism, in 1978, in which he argues that Western representations of the East have historically been distorted and oversimplified and that these representations have been used to justify European imperialism and domination. This proved a turning point in his academic career, bringing him recognition in the West and, somewhat later, in the Arab World. The purpose of this study is to synthesize and assess Said's theoretical and discursive views in order to offer a full and representative review and analysis of his work and how translation impact on Arabic reader's perspective. When analyzing Said's work, the study primarily relies on his own Orientalism theorizations.
The Underlying Theories of Organizational Sustainability: The Motivation Perspective
Authors: Rahman Mostafizur , Abd Wahab Sazali , Abdul Latiff Ahmad Shaharudin
Published: February 2023

The primary purpose of this paper is to illustrate the significance of several underlying theories of organizational sustainability from a motivational perspective. This paper adopts three theories from three distinct perspectives, including the institutional or organizational perspective, the employee perspective, and the stakeholder perspective, to construct and develop strong relationships among different variables to form a research framework connecting these three perspectives with organizational sustainability. The study then suggested a conceptual model for organizational sustainability based on three theories: the institutional theory (IT), the ability-motivation-opportunity (AMO) theory, and the stakeholder theory (ST). Several theoretical perspectives of organizational sustainability, including IT, AMO theory, and ST perspectives of sustainability concerns, were used to explore and determine the motivational viewpoint of these theories. This study began with a review of multiple studies and an analysis of the numerous ideas driving organizational sustainability. After that, the examined studies were appraised for their evidence and inadequacies. This paper included environmental, social, and economic aspects in one comprehensive review and focused on recent studies based on IT, AMO theory, and ST from a motivational perspective. Previous organizational sustainability reviews of several theories in different sectors or industries were primarily based on resource base view theory, resource dependency theory, social exchange theory, dynamic capability theory, and so on. This study examined current changes in IT, AMO theory, and ST theory from a motivational viewpoint. Additionally, the development of organizational sustainability in the industrial arena was addressed. This paper may be used as a guide for different stakeholders, especially practitioners and policymakers so that they can set up their strategies, action plans, and policies in a way that will ensure the sustainability of their organizations.