bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Resilience and Urban Regeneration Policies. Lessons from Community-Led Initiatives. The Case Study of CanFugarolas in Mataro (Barcelona)
Authors: Saez Ujaque Diego , Roca Elisabet , de Balanzó Joue Rafael , Fuertes Pere , Garcia-Almirall Pilar
Published: November 2021

This paper addresses socio-ecological, community-led resilience as the ability of the urban system to progress and adapt. This is based on the socio-cultural, self-organized case study of CanFugarolas in Mataró (Barcelona), for the recovery of a derelict industrial building and given the lack of attention to resilience emerging from grassroots. Facing rigidities (stagnation) observed under the provisions of urban regeneration policies (regulatory realm), evidenced in the proliferation of urban voids (infrastructural arena), the social subsystem stands as the enabler of urban progression. Under the heuristics of the Adaptive Cycle and Panarchy, the study embraces Fath’s model to analyze the transition along, and the interactions between, the adaptive cycles at each urban subsystem. The mixed method approach reveals the ability of the community to navigate all stages and overcome successive ailments, despite seemingly insurmountable obstacles (traps) at the physical support (built stock) and the regulatory arena (urban planning). Further, cross-scale, social-centered interactions (panarchy) are also traced, becoming the “sink” and the “trigger” of the urban dynamics. The community, in the form of an actor-network, becomes the catalyst (through Remember/Revolt) of urban resilience at the city scale. At a managerial level, this evidences its temporal and spatial complementarity to top-down urban regeneration policies.
Chemical Feedstock Recovery via the Pyrolysis of Electronically Heated Tobacco Wastes
Authors: Choi Yejin , Jeong Sangjae , Park Young-Kwon , Kim Huijeong , Lim Se-Jeong , Woo Gi-Jeong , Pyo Sumin , Siddiqui Muhammad Zain , Kim Young-Min
Published: November 2021

The pyrolysis of waste electronically heated tobacco (EHT), consisting of tobacco leaves (TL), a poly-lactic acid (PLA) filter, and a cellulose acetate (CA) filter, was investigated using thermogravimetric (TG) and pyrolyzer–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) analysis. The pyrolytic properties of waste EHT obtained after smoking were comparable to those of fresh EHT. Although the maximum decomposition temperatures (TmaxS) of waste TL and CA were similar to those of fresh EHT components, the Tmax of waste PLA was slightly higher than that of fresh PLA due to smoldering. The Tmaxs of PLA and CA were lowered when they were co-pyrolyzed with TL due to interactions between pyrolysis intermediates. The apparent activation energies for the non-isothermal pyrolysis of waste EHT components were higher than those of fresh EHT components. Py-GC/MS analysis results indicated that considerable amounts of chemical feedstocks, such as nicotine and limonene from TL, caprolactone and lactide from PLA, and acetic acid and triacetin from CA, can be recovered by simple pyrolysis of EHT. Co-pyrolysis of TL, PLA, and CA revealed that the experimental amount of lactide was much larger than the calculated value, suggesting its synergistic formation.
Assessment of the Method of Merging Landing Aircraft Streams in the Context of Fuel Consumption in the Airspace
Authors: Kwasiborska Anna , Skorupski Jacek
Published: November 2021

The most important directions in the field of sustainable development of air transport concern increasing the capacity of airports and improving the global civil aviation system, improving air traffic safety, and developing procedures to optimize the operation of the aviation system. An important area is environmental protection and measures to minimize the negative impact of civil aviation activities on the environment. Air traffic and the operation of airports generate adverse environmental effects, including greenhouse gas emissions, air pollution, and noise emissions. Due to the high intensity of aircraft maneuvers, the authors analyzed aircraft traffic in the area approaching the airport. It is essential to correctly line up for aircraft reporting from different entry points to the approach area to avoid waiting for landing. Misalignment of landing aircraft negatively impacts airport capacity, increases fuel consumption through more prolonged waiting times in space, and directly impacts air pollution. There are different ways to organize landing aircraft flows and other ways to merge these flows. The article aims to assess the method of combining the streams of landing aircraft and estimate the impact of such an organization on the increased fuel consumption of aircraft and thus on air pollution. The authors proposed a measure for assessing the quality of the landing queue, which was defined as the increase in flight time of aircraft in the approach area in relation to the nominal time, which was adopted as minimization. In order to obtain the results of research works, a model using a Petri net was developed, allowing for flexible mapping of concurrent processes and their effect analysis. Various methods of combining the streams of landing aircraft have been adopted: three-stage, two-stage, and single-stage. Then, simulation experiments were carried out, allowing the determination of whether the method of combining the streams of landing planes has an impact on the quality of the landing queue measured with the proposed index. The obtained results of the assessment can be used to estimate the increased fuel consumption of the aircraft.
Carbon Emissions and Brazilian Ethanol Prices: Are They Correlated? An Econophysics Study
Authors: Quintino Derick David , Burnquist Heloisa Lee , Ferreira Paulo Jorge Silveira
Published: November 2021

Brazil is one of the largest global producers and exporters of ethanol and in 2017 launched RenovaBio, a programme aiming to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. In parallel to this domestic scenario, there is rapid growth in the world market of carbon production, as well as complex price relations between fossil and renewable energies becoming increasingly important in recent years. The present work aims to contribute to filling a gap in knowledge about the relationship between Brazilian ethanol and other relevant energy-related commodities. We use a recent methodology (Detrended Cross-Correlation Approach—DCCA—with sliding windows) to analyze dynamically the cross-correlation levels between Brazilian ethanol prices and carbon emissions, as well as other possible-related prices, namely: sugar, Brent oil, and natural gas prices, with a sample of daily prices between January 2010 and July 2020. Our results indicate that (i) in the whole period, Brazilian ethanol has significant correlations with sugar, moderate correlation with oil in the short term, and only a weak, short-term correlation with carbon emission prices; (ii) with a sliding windows approach, the strength of the correlation between ethanol and carbon emissions varies between weak and non-significant in the short term.
Prefabricated Engineered Timber Schools in the United Kingdom: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Koronaki Antiopi , Bukauskas Aurimas , Jalia Aftab , Shah Darshil U. , Ramage Michael H.
Published: November 2021

Due to changing demographics, the UK faces a significant shortage of school places. The UK government aims to build large numbers of new schools to meet this demand. However, legally binding carbon emissions mitigation commitments might limit the ability of the government to adequately meet this demand on-time, on-budget, and within sustainability targets. This paper assesses the opportunity for prefabricated engineered timber construction methods to help meet the demand for new primary and secondary school buildings in the UK within these constraints. Building on a study of past government-led school building programmes and the state-of-the-art developments in engineered timber construction, this paper outlines the benefits that an engineered timber school building programme could have on a sustainability and procurement level. A strategy is then proposed for the wider adoption of engineered timber for the construction of school buildings in the UK, including detailed guidelines for designers and policymakers. The study concludes with recommendations for the adaptation of this strategy in different countries, depending on context-specific requirements, therefore promoting a generalised adoption of sustainable and efficient construction processes.
Evaluation of Soil and Irrigation Water Quality in Caohai Lakeside Zone
Authors: Tan Yi , Wei Quanquan , Zhang Bangxi , Zheng Zijing , Guo Jiulan , Fan Feifei , Peng Yutao
Published: November 2021

Due to the rapid population growth and over-application of fertilizers in the Caohai surrounding farmlands, controlling the non-point source pollution in the Caohai Lakeside Zone is significant for the local ecology balance and human health safety. A total of 54 soil and 24 irrigation water samples were collected in the Caohai Lakeside Zone to evaluate the current status of soil fertility and heavy metal pollution by measuring soil and water heavy metal content and soil physicochemical properties such as soil total nitrogen, total phosphorus, organic matter, and soil pH. These results showed that the total amounts of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and effective nutrient content in the Caohai Lakeside Zone were all at a rich level according to Chinese soil nutrient grade standard; the content of lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and arsenic (As) in the soil all exceeds the safety standard of Chinese classification of soil environmental quality assessment. In addition, the over-standard rates of Cd and Cr were 24.1% and 14.8%, respectively. On the whole, the comprehensive quality index (CQI) of the soil in the Caohai Lakeside Zone is 6.48, which is attributed to the heavy Cd pollution and the good soil fertility. The heavy metal content of the irrigation water met the requirements of irrigation water quality. It is feasible to use the irrigation water of Caohai Lake in the actual agricultural production process. Therefore, in terms of the comprehensive management and pollution control of Caohai, special attention should be paid to the control of Cd, Pb, As, and Hg pollution sources.
Shadow of Your Former Self: Exploring Project Leaders’ Post-Failure Behaviors (Resilience, Self-Esteem and Self-Efficacy) in High-Tech Startup Projects
Authors: Zaman Umer , Florez-Perez Laura , Farías Pablo , Abbasi Saba , Khwaja Muddasar Ghani , Wijaksana Tri Indra
Published: November 2021

Globally, demands for sustainable strategies in the ICT industry have attracted greater momentum as high-tech projects continue to fail in large numbers. Recent studies have underpinned project resilience as a major factor for overcoming these increasing project failures, delays, or termination. However, the complex behaviors of resilient project leaders, especially in post-failure conditions, have been largely overlooked. To address this critical research gap, the present study identifies the direct relationships between three potential behavioral traits of project leaders (i.e., resilience, self-esteem, and self-efficacy) and examines how they move forward beyond project failures. The present study also explored whether self-esteem mediates project leaders’ resilience and self-efficacy. Drawing on data from 232 project leaders in Pakistan’s high-tech start-ups, the new findings suggest that there are significant positive effects of project leaders’ resilience and self-esteem on their self-efficacy, and that project leaders’ resilience and self-efficacy is significantly mediated by their self-esteem. As the project resilience theory gains traction, the present study findings have pinpointed major steps for meeting project challenges ahead of time, allowing leaders and teams to learn from failures, and also for improving organisations’ ability to implement successful and sustainable high-tech projects especially in emerging economies.
Integrating Business, Social, and Environmental Goals in Open Innovation through Partner Selection
Authors: Santos Ricardo S. , Soares Jose , Marques Pedro Carmona , Navas Helena V. G. , Martins José Moleiro
Published: November 2021

Although collaborative networks (CN) are widespread in academia and have come to be even more used in corporations all over the world, they still face several challenges on behalf of the new product development (NPD) context, especially in regard to the selection of the CN’s right partner. This becomes even more evident when it comes to promoting sustainable development goals within a CN’s activities, by selecting the right partners with a wide consensus from a CN’s management board, avoiding, therefore, the subjectivity around managers’ perception of a CN’s partner selection. Therefore, this work attempts to answer this problem, by presenting a soft-computing-based framework, to support the managers’ board on partner search and selection. The method presented here is further assessed by using a case study, based on the development of a green product, where, according to the obtained results, it is demonstrated that the proposed approach is extremely effective for partner selection, by assessing and prioritizing each candidate involved. The most suitable candidate that fulfills the CN’s requirements is then selected to be integrated as a future partner.
Sustainability of Print Media in the Slovak Republic with Regard to the Economic and Technological Development
Authors: Lincényi Marcel , Kabát Ladislav , Fabuš Michal
Published: November 2021

(1) Background: The main purpose of the research study is to identify and quantify significant development trends in the market of selected print media in Slovakia for the period 2010–2020 but especially to analyze their decline trend and estimate their sustainability in the media market after the entry of digital media. (2) Methods: To be able to arrive at qualified answers to the above research questions, we obtained and statistically processed available data on the scope of production and sales of relevant periodicals for the period 2010–2020 in the form of a time series. Subsequently, we chose suitable econometric models (regression analysis, panel data analysis, autoregressive models) as tools for their analysis with the possibility of prognostic applications. (3) Results: Research on selected dailies in the Slovak Republic in the years 2011–2020 revealed findings about the trend and also the nature of its variability, showing approximately the same decreases in the streams of dailies sold. We consider the growing popularity of digital media at the expense of traditional media to be the main reason for the decline in the cost of daily newspapers sold. The analysis and quantification of this substitution relationship will be the subject of our next paper. (4) Conclusions: If the current trend of decreasing daily average sold costs continues in the Slovak Republic, based on derived econometric models, it is possible to qualitatively estimate the minimum acceptable level of daily press sales and, thus, estimate the life of dailies in their classic form. The result will be their new orientation toward the electronic form of media products.
Stability Analysis of a Diffusive Three-Species Ecological System with Time Delays
Authors: Al Noufaey Khaled S.
Published: November 2021

In this study, the dynamics of a diffusive Lotka–Volterra three-species system with delays were explored. By employing the Galerkin Method, which generates semi-analytical solutions, a partial differential equation system was approximated through mathematical modeling with delay differential equations. Steady-state curves and Hopf bifurcation maps were created and discussed in detail. The effects of the growth rate of prey and the mortality rate of the predator and top predator on the system’s stability were demonstrated. Increase in the growth rate of prey destabilised the system, whilst increase in the mortality rate of predator and top predator stabilised it. The increase in the growth rate of prey likely allowed the occurrence of chaotic solutions in the system. Additionally, the effects of hunting and maturation delays of the species were examined. Small delay responses stabilised the system, whilst great delays destabilised it. Moreover, the effects of the diffusion coefficients of the species were investigated. Alteration of the diffusion coefficients rendered the system permanent or extinct.
All Graphs with a Failed Zero Forcing Number of Two
Authors: Gomez Luis , Rubi Karla , Terrazas Jorden , Narayan Darren A.
Published: November 2021

Given a graph G, the zero forcing number of G, Z(G), is the smallest cardinality of any set S of vertices on which repeated applications of the forcing rule results in all vertices being in S. The forcing rule is: if a vertex v is in S, and exactly one neighbor u of v is not in S, then u is added to S in the next iteration. Zero forcing numbers have attracted great interest over the past 15 years and have been well studied. In this paper, we investigate the largest size of a set S that does not force all of the vertices in a graph to be in S. This quantity is known as the failed zero forcing number of a graph and will be denoted by F(G). We present new results involving this parameter. In particular, we completely characterize all graphs G where F(G)=2, solving a problem posed in 2015 by Fetcie, Jacob, and Saavedra.
Analytically Solvable Models and Physically Realizable Solutions to Some Problems in Nonlinear Wave Dynamics of Cylindrical Shells
Authors: Bochkarev Andrey , Zemlyanukhin Aleksandr , Erofeev Vladimir , Ratushny Aleksandr
Published: November 2021

The axially symmetric propagation of bending waves in a thin Timoshenko-type cylindrical shell, interacting with a nonlinear elastic Winkler medium, is herein studied. With the help of asymptotic integration, two analytically solvable models were obtained that have no physically realizable solitary wave solutions. The possibility for the real existence of exact solutions, in the form of traveling periodic waves of the nonlinear inhomogeneous Klein–Gordon equation, was established. Two cases were identified, which enabled the development of the modulation instability of periodic traveling waves: (1) a shell preliminarily compressed along a generatrix, surrounded by an elastic medium with hard nonlinearity, and (2) a preliminarily stretched shell interacting with an elastic medium with soft nonlinearity.
Update and Evaluation of a High-Throughput In Vitro Mass Balance Distribution Model: IV-MBM EQP v2.0
Authors: Armitage James M. , Sangion Alessandro , Parmar Rohan , Looky Alexandra B. , Arnot Jon A.
Published: November 2021

This study demonstrates the utility of an updated mass balance model for predicting the distribution of organic chemicals in in vitro test systems (IV-MBM EQP v2.0) and evaluates its performance with empirical data. The IV-MBM EQP v2.0 tool was parameterized and applied to four independent data sets with measured ratios of bulk medium or freely-dissolved to initial nominal concentrations (e.g., C24/C0 where C24 is the measured concentration after 24 h of exposure and C0 is the initial nominal concentration). Model performance varied depending on the data set, chemical properties (e.g., “volatiles” vs. “non-volatiles”, neutral vs. ionizable organics), and model assumptions but overall is deemed acceptable. For example, the r2 was greater than 0.8 and the mean absolute error (MAE) in the predictions was less than a factor of two for most neutral organics included. Model performance was not as good for the ionizable organic chemicals included but the r2 was still greater than 0.7 and the MAE less than a factor of three. The IV-MBM EQP v2.0 model was subsequently applied to several hundred chemicals on Canada’s Domestic Substances List (DSL) with nominal effects data (AC50s) reported for two in vitro assays. We report the frequency of chemicals with AC50s corresponding to predicted cell membrane concentrations in the baseline toxicity range (i.e., >20–60 mM) and tabulate the number of chemicals with “volatility issues” (majority of chemical in headspace) and “solubility issues” (freely-dissolved concentration greater than water solubility after distribution). In addition, the predicted “equivalent EQP blood concentrations” (i.e., blood concentration at equilibrium with predicted cellular concentration) were compared to the AC50s as a function of hydrophobicity (log octanol-water partition or distribution ratio). The predicted equivalent EQP blood concentrations exceed the AC50 by up to a factor of 100 depending on hydrophobicity and assay conditions. The implications of using AC50s as direct surrogates for human blood concentrations when estimating the oral equivalent doses using a toxicokinetic model (i.e., reverse dosimetry) are then briefly discussed.
Functional Importance of Hydrophobic Patches on the Ebola Virus VP35 IFN-Inhibitory Domain
Authors: Kasajima Nodoka , Matsuno Keita , Miyamoto Hiroko , Kajihara Masahiro , Igarashi Manabu , Takada Ayato
Published: November 2021

Viral protein 35 (VP35) of Ebola virus (EBOV) is a multifunctional protein that mainly acts as a viral polymerase cofactor and an interferon antagonist. VP35 interacts with the viral nucleoprotein (NP) and double-stranded RNA for viral RNA transcription/replication and inhibition of type I interferon (IFN) production, respectively. The C-terminal portion of VP35, which is termed the IFN-inhibitory domain (IID), is important for both functions. To further identify critical regions in this domain, we analyzed the physical properties of the surface of VP35 IID, focusing on hydrophobic patches, which are expected to be functional sites that are involved in interactions with other molecules. Based on the known structural information of VP35 IID, three hydrophobic patches were identified on its surface and their biological importance was investigated using minigenome and IFN-β promoter-reporter assays. Site-directed mutagenesis revealed that some of the amino acid substitutions that were predicted to disrupt the hydrophobicity of the patches significantly decreased the efficiency of viral genome replication/transcription due to reduced interaction with NP, suggesting that the hydrophobic patches might be critical for the formation of a replication complex through the interaction with NP. It was also found that the hydrophobic patches were involved in the IFN-inhibitory function of VP35. These results highlight the importance of hydrophobic patches on the surface of EBOV VP35 IID and also indicate that patch analysis is useful for the identification of amino acid residues that directly contribute to protein functions.
Cross-Reactive Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV in Pre-COVID-19 Blood Samples from Sierra Leoneans
Authors: Borrega Rodrigo , Nelson Diana K. S. , Koval Anatoliy P. , Bond Nell G. , Heinrich Megan L. , Rowland Megan M. , Lathigra Raju , Bush Duane J. , Aimukanova Irina , Phinney Whitney N. , Koval Sophia A. , Hoffmann Andrew R. , Smither Allison R. , Bell-Kareem Antoinette R. , Melnik Lilia I. , Genemaras Kaylynn J. , Chao Karissa , Snarski Patricia , Melton Alexandra B. , Harrell Jaikin E. , Smira Ashley A. , Elliott Debra H. , Rouelle Julie A. , Sabino-Santos Gilberto , Drouin Arnaud C. , Momoh Mambu , Sandi John Demby , Goba Augustine , Samuels Robert J. , Kanneh Lansana , Gbakie Michael , Branco Zoe L. , Shaffer Jeffrey G. , Schieffelin John S. , Robinson James E. , Fusco Dahlene N. , Sabeti Pardis C. , Andersen Kristian G. , Grant Donald S. , Boisen Matthew L. , Branco Luis M. , Garry Robert F.
Published: November 2021

Many countries in sub-Saharan Africa have experienced lower COVID-19 caseloads and fewer deaths than countries in other regions worldwide. Under-reporting of cases and a younger population could partly account for these differences, but pre-existing immunity to coronaviruses is another potential factor. Blood samples from Sierra Leonean Lassa fever and Ebola survivors and their contacts collected before the first reported COVID-19 cases were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the presence of antibodies binding to proteins of coronaviruses that infect humans. Results were compared to COVID-19 subjects and healthy blood donors from the United States. Prior to the pandemic, Sierra Leoneans had more frequent exposures than Americans to coronaviruses with epitopes that cross-react with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), SARS-CoV, and Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). The percentage of Sierra Leoneans with antibodies reacting to seasonal coronaviruses was also higher than for American blood donors. Serological responses to coronaviruses by Sierra Leoneans did not differ by age or sex. Approximately a quarter of Sierra Leonian pre-pandemic blood samples had neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus, while about a third neutralized MERS-CoV pseudovirus. Prior exposures to coronaviruses that induce cross-protective immunity may contribute to reduced COVID-19 cases and deaths in Sierra Leone.
Compliance Indicators of COVID-19 Prevention and Vaccines Hesitancy in Kenya: A Random-Effects Endogenous Probit Model
Authors: Oyekale Abayomi Samuel
Published: November 2021

Vaccine hesitancy remains a major public health concern in the effort towards addressing the COVID-19 pandemic. This study analyzed the effects of indicators of compliance with preventive practices on the willingness to take COVID-19 vaccines in Kenya. The data were from the COVID-19 Rapid Response Phone Surveys conducted between January and June 2021 during the fourth and fifth waves. The data were analyzed with the random-effects endogenous Probit regression model, with estimated parameters tested for robustness and stability. The results showed that willingness to take vaccines increased between the fourth and fifth waves. Compliance with many of the preventive practices also improved, although the utilizations of immune system-promoting practices were very low. The panel Probit regression results showed that compliance indicators were truly endogenous and there was existence of random effects. Immune system-boosting and contact-prevention indicators significantly increased and decreased the willingness to take vaccines, respectively (p < 0.01). The experience of mental health disorders in the form of nervousness and hopelessness also significantly influenced vaccine hesitancy (p < 0.10). Willingness to take vaccines also significantly increased among older people and those with a formal education (p < 0.01). Different forms of association exist between vaccine hesitancy and the prevention compliance indicators. There is a need to properly sensitize the people to the need to complement compliance with COVID-19 contact-prevention indicators with vaccination. Addressing mental health disorders in the form of loneliness, nervousness, depression, hopelessness and anxiety should also become the focus of public health, while efforts to reduce vaccine hesitancy should focus on individuals without formal education, males and youths.
Investigation of Citric Acid By-Products from Rice Produced by Microbial Fermentation on Growth Performance and Villi Histology of Thai Broiler Chicken (KKU 1)
Authors: Oryza.S Mutyarsih , Wongtangtintharn Sawitree , Tengjaroenkul Bundit , Cherdthong Anusorn , Tanpong Sirisak , Pootthachaya Padsakorn , Boonkum Wuttigrai , Pintaphrom Nisakon
Published: November 2021

This study was conducted with Thai broiler chicken (KKU 1) to investigate the effect of citric acid by-products from rice (CABR) on growth performance and villi histology. A total of 192 broiler chicks were subject to three dietary treatments, including 0% CABR, 3% and 6% of dry matter. Body weight gains, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, survival rate, and production index (body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, survival rates, and productive index, respectively) were considered for growth performance evaluation. Villi height (µm), crypt depth (µm), and villi: crypt ratio were recorded for the villi histological measurement. The performance did not show a significant effect when compared with the control group during at ages ranging from 1 to 56 days. Villi histology indicate a significant effect on villi height (µm), crypt depth (µm), and villi: crypt of broiler chicks compared with the control group. Also, the use of 3% CABR caused a reduction microbial contamination in chicken fecal matter. In conclusion, supplementation of CABR had no negative effects on growth performance of Thai broiler chicken (KKU 1). Also, the addition of 3% CABR to the feed might help reduce fecal microbial contamination and affect the villi histology of Thai broiler chickens (KKU 1).
Hydrostratigraphic Framework and Physicochemical Status of Groundwater in the Gioia Tauro Coastal Plain (Calabria—Southern Italy)
Authors: Cianflone Giuseppe , Vespasiano Giovanni , De Rosa Rosanna , Dominici Rocco , Apollaro Carmine , Vaselli Orlando , Pizzino Luca , Tolomei Cristiano , Capecchiacci Francesco , Polemio Maurizio
Published: November 2021

In this study, we analysed the Gioia Tauro Plain (Tyrrhenian coast, southern Italy) in terms of hydrostratigraphy and the physicochemical status of groundwater. We investigated the hydrostratigraphic framework of the area identifying a deep aquifer (made by late Miocene succession), an aquitard (consisting of Pliocene clayey and silty deposits) and a shallow aquifer (including Late Pleistocene and Holocene marine and alluvial sediments) using subsoil data (boreholes and geophysics). Our reconstruction showed that the structural geology controls the spatial pattern of the aquitard top and the shallow aquifer thickness. Furthermore, we evaluated the hydraulic conductivity for the shallow aquifer using an empirical method, calibrated by slug tests, obtaining values ranging from 10−4 to 10−5 m/s with a maximum of 10−3 m/s located close to inland dune fields. The piezometric level of the shallow aquifer recorded a significant drop between the 1970s and 2021 (−35 m as the worst value). It is the effect of climate and soil use changes, the latter being the increased water demand for kiwi cultivation. Despite the overexploitation of the shallow aquifer, shallow groundwater is fresh (736 µS/cm as mean electrical conductivity) except for a narrow coastal area where the electrical conductivity is more than 1500 µS/cm, which can be due to the seawater intrusion. What was more complex was the physicochemical status of the deep aquifer characterised by high temperature (up to 25.8 °C) and electrical conductivity up to 10,520 µS/cm along the northern and southern plain boundaries marked by tectonic structures. This issue suggested the dominant role of the local fault system that is likely affecting the deep groundwater flow and its chemical evolution.
Tracking the Origin and Evolution of Diagenetic Fluids of Upper Jurassic Carbonate Rocks in the Zagros Thrust Fold Belt, NE-Iraq
Authors: Salih Namam , Préat Alain , Gerdes Axel , Konhauser Kurt , Proust Jean-Noël
Published: November 2021

Utilizing sophisticated tools in carbonate rocks is crucial to interpretating the origin and evolution of diagenetic fluids from the Upper Jurassic carbonate rocks along the Zagros thrust-fold Belt. The origin and evolution of the paleofluids utilizing in-situ strontium isotope ratios by high resolution laser ablation ICP-MS, integrated with stable isotopes, petrography and fieldwork are constrained. Due to the lack of information on the origin of the chemistry of the fluids, the cements that filled the Jurassic carbonate rocks were analysed from the fractures and pores. This allowed us to trace the origin of fluids along a diagenetic sequence, which is defined at the beginning from the sediment deposition (pristine facies). Based on petrography and geochemistry (oxygen-, carbon- and strontium-isotope compositions) two major diagenetic stages involving the fluids were identified. The initial stage, characterized by negative δ13CVPDB values (reaching −10.67‰), involved evaporated seawater deposited with the sediments, mixed with the input of freshwater. The second stage involved a mixture of meteoric water and hot fluids that precipitated as late diagenetic cements. The late diagenetic cements have higher depleted O–C isotope compositions compared to seawater. The diagenetic cements display a positive covariance and were associated with extra- δ13CVPDB and δ18OVPDB values (−12.87‰ to −0.82‰ for δ18OVPDB and −11.66‰ to −1.40‰ for δ13CVPDB respectively). The distinction between seawater and the secondary fluids is also evident in the 87Sr/86Sr of the host limestone versus cements. The limestones have 87Sr/86Sr up to 0.72859, indicative of riverine input, while the cements have 87Sr/86Sr of (0.70772), indicative of hot fluid circulation interacting with meteoric water during late diagenesis.
Facile Synthesis of Cu-Zn Binary Oxide Coupled Cadmium Tungstate (Cu-ZnBO-Cp-CT) with Enhanced Performance of Dye Adsorption
Authors: Fatima Bushra , Alwan Basem Al , Siddiqui Sharf Ilahi , Ahmad Rabia , Almesfer Mohammed , Khanna Manoj Kumar , Mishra Ruby , Ravi Rangnath , Oh Seungdae
Published: November 2021

This study reports the synthesis of copper–zinc binary oxide coupled cadmium tungstate through a simple bio-precipitation method followed by calcination at 600 °C and its adsorption application. The characterization analysis reveals that the prepared composite has low particles size (nano-range), high porosity, and functional groups on the surface. The calcination of sample at 600 °C causes some essential function groups to disappear on the surface. Prepared composite was found to be effective adsorptive material to treat Congo red dye in aqueous solution. 2.5 g L−1 dose of adsorbent could remove more than 99% Congo red dye from 10 mg L−1 solution and more than 80% Congo red dye from 60 mg L−1 aqueous solution. The maximum adsorption capacity of present adsorbent was calculated to be 19.6 mg Congo red per gram of adsorbent. Isotherms analysis suggested a physio-chemical adsorption process. Thermodynamic analysis revealed a exothermic and feasible adsorption process. Adsorption rate was well explained by pseudo second order kinetics. The rate determining step was intra-particle diffusion evaluated from the Weber-Morris plot. To assess the adsorption performance of present adsorbent for Congo red dye the partition coefficient and adsorption equilibrium capacity were compared with other adsorbents. The partition coefficient and adsorption equilibrium values for 10 mg L−1 aqueous solution were found to be approximately 83.3 mg g−1 µM−1 and 4.0 mg g−1 at 30 °C and 7.0 pH using 2.5 g L−1 adsorbent. The value of partition coefficient was found to be higher than previous reported zinc oxide coupled cadmium tungstate having partition coefficient = as 21.4 mg g−1 µM−1 at 30 °C and 7.0 pH using 2.0 g L−1 adsorbent. These results suggested that present adsorption technology is efficient for wastewater treatment.
A Permeability Estimation Method Based on Elliptical Pore Approximation
Authors: Wei Shuaishuai , Wang Kun , Zhang Huan , Zhang Junming , Wei Jincheng , Han Wenyang , Niu Lei
Published: November 2021

Digital rock images may capture more detailed pore structure than the traditional laboratory methods. No explicit function can correlate permeability accurately for flow within the pore space. This has motivated researchers to predict permeability through the application of numerical techniques, e.g., using the finite difference method (FDM). However, in order to get better permeability calculation results, the grid refinement was needed for the traditional FDM and the accuracy of the traditional method decreased in pores with elongated cross sections. The goal of this study is to develop an improved FDM (IFDM) to calculate the permeabilities of digital rock images with complex pore space. An elliptical pore approximation method is invoked to describe the complex pore space. The permeabilities of four types of idealized porous media are calculated by IFDM. The calculated results are in sound agreement with the analytical solutions or semi-empirical solutions. What’s more, the permeabilities of the digital rock images after grid coarsening are calculated by IFDM in three orthogonal directions. These results are compared with the previously validated lattice-Boltzmann method (LBM), which indicates that the predicted permeabilities calculated by IFDM usually agree with permeabilities calculated by LBM. We conclude that the presented IFDM is suitable for complex pore space.
Temporal and Spatial Changes of Runoff Regime in the Yellow River Basin from 1956 to 2017
Authors: Yang Mingda , Liu Huan , Han Yuping , Zeng Qinghui , Wang Jianhua , Hu Peng
Published: November 2021

The Yellow River is one of the major rivers with severe runoff declines in China, but there are significant differences in runoff changes in the upper and lower reaches of the basin and among different tributaries. However, the characteristic of runoff change and its spatial heterogeneity are not well understood in the whole basin. In this paper, 48 hydrological stations located in the mainstream and major tributaries were selected, and the meteorological and runoff data from 1956 to 2017 were collected. The multi-year and intra-year changes in runoff were analyzed, and then the attribution of climate change and human activity to runoff change was quantified by the climate elasticity coefficients. The results showed that: (1) in the past 60 years, the runoff of the Yellow River showed a serious decrease trend of −8.25 mm/10a. Moreover, most tributaries decreased significantly in runoff with a rate of −1.42 mm/10a to −28.99 mm/10a; (2) for the whole basin, the contribution of climate change and human activity to runoff changes was 13% and 87%, respectively. Moreover, the contribution of the two factors varied considerably in different tributaries. Finally, focusing on different runoff regime and socioeconomic characteristics, this study provided corresponding water resources adaptive management suggestions.
CONCIENCIA E INVOLUCRAMIENTO DE LA SOCIEDAD MORELIANA RESPECTO DEL MARKETING SOCIAL EN ORGANIZACIONES NO LUCRATIVAS
Authors: García-Torres Alejandra Berenice , Cortés-Hernández Alberto
Published: November 2021

La mercadotecnia social en su dimensión no lucrativa, ha estado presente siempre en la historia de la humanidad. Las organizaciones no lucrativas, han sido afectadas en los últimos años, debido a la disminución de los recursos y al desconocimiento de ellas en su mayoría, por la sociedad en donde operan, en gran parte por la falta de estrategias de marketing. Estas organizaciones se plantean la satisfacción del consumidor/usuario y del donante, no sólo a corto plazo, sino también a largo plazo, y a la satisfacción individual de estas figuras le añade la búsqueda de la satisfacción colectiva o del bienestar de la sociedad en su conjunto.

Hay diferentes tipos de organizaciones no lucrativas de: salud, políticas, religiosas, educativas, sociales, ecológicas, etc. Todas ellas se enfocan a tratar de ayudar a resolver y atender problemas en una sociedad y para su sobrevivencia, requieren de donativos, patrocinios y voluntarios. La responsabilidad social es un comportamiento colectivo y dentro de ese comportamiento colectivo, uno de los actores es la sociedad. El objetivo de esta investigación es conocer la conciencia que tiene la sociedad moreliana de estas organizaciones, y su involucramiento, para poder determinar las estrategias de marketing adecuadas para que se conozcan más este tipo de organizaciones, porque muy pocos conocen de su existencia y de su forma de operación, por lo tanto, poco participan en ellas; con la implementación de las estrategias de marketing, se puede lograr una mayor participación de la sociedad, ya que muchos están interesados en participar en sus diferentes formas. Existen diversas organizaciones que defienden diferentes causas y atienden diversos problemas que son relevantes en la sociedad, y que la misma sociedad está dispuesta a apoyar.

Esta investigación es de tipo exploratoria experimental y descriptiva, en base a un análisis documental de artículos científicos, artículos de divulgación y libros; así como el uso del instrumento de una encuesta, para mostrar los hallazgos y concluir la investigación.
Perancangan dan Pembuatan Aplikasi Pembelajaran Gitar Berbasis Android Menggunakan Metode Fast Fourier Transform
Authors: Basatha Rizky , Setyoadi Eddy Triswanto , Dermawan Arnold Hosea
Published: November 2021

Smartphone adalah perangkat yang dapat membantu pekerjaan dalam berbagai hal. Seiring dengan berkembangnya teknologi, penggunaan smartphone semakin sering kita jumpai, salah satu contohnya adalah penggunaan smartphone sebagai media pembelajaran mandiri. Dengan belajar secara mandiri tentunya dapat menekan biaya pengeluaran untuk mengikuti kursus. Pada kasus kali ini kursus yang dimaksud adalah kursus belajar alat musik gitar. Dalam penelitian ini dirancang dan dibuat aplikasi berjudul “Learn Guitar Chords” yang bertujuan untuk dapat membantu para pemusik maupun non-pemusik untuk dapat memahami dan memainkan alat musik gitar. Aplikasi ini dikembangkan dengan memanfaatkan sistem operasi Android serta menggunakan Android Studio dalam pengembangannya. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian black box testing, fitur tuner pada aplikasi berhasil mendapatkan frekuensi dari suara inputan user menggunakan metode Fast Fourier Transform dengan baik serta berhasil menjalankan fitur-fitur tambahan seperti metronome, chord library, dan mini game yang dapat membantu pengguna untuk meningkatkan keahlian bermusiknya. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengujian dengan menggunakan metode kuesioner terhadap 30 responden. Aplikasi ini tergolong mudah untuk digunakan sehingga dapat membantu untuk meningkatkan keahlian bermusik pengguna. Hal ini dapat dibuktikan oleh 30 responden yang sudah mencoba aplikasi Learn Guitar Chords.
Kontribusi Pola Asuh Orang Tua Terhadap Minat Belajar Siswa Kelas X SMK N 9 Padang
Authors: Sabilla Meisya , Fitria Linda , Sefriani Rini
Published: November 2021

This study aims to describe the contribution of parenting to students' interest in learning. Parenting patterns are all the ways and actions taken by parents in carrying out their responsibilities as parents. While interest in learning is a sense of preference and a sense of attachment to a thing or activity, without anyone touching. This study aims to determine the magnitude of the contribution of parenting patterns to the learning interest of class X students in the even semester of SMK Negeri 9 Padang for the 2020/2021 academic year. The method used in this study is quantitative with the type of research that is correlational, the population of this study amounted to 420 people who were registered with a sample of 204 people who were registered in class x for the 2020/2021 academic year. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling technique. So that the number of samples obtained is 204 people. The instrument in this study was a Likert scale questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using statistical programs on IBM Statistical 20 computers and Microsoft Excel. Based on the results of data processing, it is obtained that the rcount value is 0.498 with an rtable value of 0.138 because the rcount value is greater than the rtable value (0.498> 0.138), it can be concluded that there is a significant correlation with the direction between the contribution of parenting parents to contribute to student learning interest, with the contribution value is 25%, which means that the parenting pattern of parents' interest in learning is in the low category.
Kontribusi Media Pembelajaran Daring terhadap Minat Belajar Siswa
Authors: Arbah Nazyumei , Sefriani Rini , Juwita Astri Indah
Published: November 2021

This study aims to determine the contribution of online learning media to students' interest in learning in network service technology subjects for class XI Smk Negeri 8 Padang. The type of this research is correlational quantitative, the sampling is done using the Proportion Random Sampling technique. Total 66 people. The instrument used in data collection in this study was a questionnaire compiled according to the Likert scale model. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 20 and Microsoft Excel. Based on the results of the study, the value of rcount -0.212 while the value of rtable is 0.250 because the value of rcount is smaller than the value of rtable is 0.212 < 0.250) it can be concluded that there is no significant relationship between online learning media and student interest in learning, with a contribution value of 4.5% which means that online learning contributes to students' interest in learning in network service technology subjects is very low. which means that online learning contributes to students' interest in learning in network service technology subjects is very low.
COVID-19: Two sides to the story
Authors: Mellet Juanita , Pepper Michael
Published: November 2021

Since the report of the first COVID-19 infected person in South Africa, COVID-19 has moved from being a distant threat to a new reality that resulted in a nationwide lockdown. Though the lockdown was necessary to prepare health facilities for when the country reached its peak, it had a significant negative impact on the economy. In other areas such as the environment, work and education, and the personal lives of South Africans, the consequences have been varied. This article will highlight the positive and negative impact of the past 18 months of lockdown from a South African perspective.
PERIZINAN BERUSAHA MELALUI ONLINE SINGLE SUBMISSION SEBAGAI KETAATAN HUKUM DALAM RANGKA MENINGKATKAN INVESTASI
Authors: Sanjoyo Seto , Sapriani Sapriani , Setiawan Agus , Suroyya Salma
Published: November 2021

AbstrakOnline Single Submission (OSS) adalah sistem pengintegrasian perizinan usaha secaraelektronik. Sistem ini memberikan layanan elektronik secara online system kepadainvestor/ pelaku usaha. Metode penelitian adalah penelitian hukum deksrptif empiris.Rumusan masalah kajian tulisan ini adalah bagaimanakah prosedur perizinan berusahamelalui sistem OSS dan apa akibat hukum bagi pelaku usaha apabila tidak memenuhiKomitmen Berusaha. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa prosedur perizinanmelalui OSS memberikan kemudahan dan dapat diakses dimanapun berada, sehinggamempermudah investor dalam mengajukan izin. Ada tiga model yang ditawarkan bagipelaku usaha dalam mengakses OSS yaitu sistem mandiri, pendampingan dan prioritas.Namun izin usaha yang sudah diberikan di awal kegiatan usaha dapat dibatalkan apabilapelaku usaha tidak memenuhi Komitmen berusaha dalam batas waktu yang telahditentukan. Pernyataan Komitmen dari investor menjadi konsep kemudahan perizinanyang diberikan oleh sistem OSS. Pemenuhan komitmen pada izin usaha bersifat mutlakdan akan berakibat pencabutan izin usaha awal sehingga memberikan dampak investortidak dapat melanjutkan usahanya.Kata Kunci : Perizinan berusaha, investor, OSS Abstract Online Single Submission (OSS) is an electronic business licensing system. This systemprovides online electronic system services to investors / business people. The researchmethod is empirical descriptive legal research. The formulation of the problem of thispaper review is how the licensing procedure is attempted through the OSS system andwhat are the legal consequences for business actors if they do not meet the BusinessCommitment. The results of this study indicate that licensing procedures through OSSprovide convenience and can be accessed wherever they are, making it easier for investorsto apply for permits. There are three models offered for business people in accessing OSS,namely an independent system, assistance and priority. However, a business license thathas been granted at the beginning of a business activity can be canceled if the businessactor does not fulfill the business commitment within the specified time limit. Statement ofCommitment from investors becomes the concept of licensing convenience provided by theOSS system. Fulfillment of the commitment to the business license is absolute and willresult in the revocation of the initial business license so that the impact of investors can notcontinue their business.Keyword : Business licensing, investors, OSS