bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epigenetic Impact of Curcumin and Thymoquinone on Cancer Therapeutics
Authors: Kumar Vikas , Kesharwani Roohi , Patel Dilip K , Verma Amita , Mehanna Mohamed Gamil , Mohammad Ayman , Bawadood Azizah Salim , Alabassi Fahad A. , Anwar Firoz
Published: April 2024

Today, one of the most prevalent reasons for death among people is carcinoma.
Because it is still on the increase throughout the world, there is a critical need for in-
-depth research on the pathogenic mechanisms behind the disease as well as for efficient
treatment. In the field of epigenetics, gene expression alterations that are inherited but
not DNA sequence changes are investigated. Three key epigenetic changes, histone modifications,
DNA methylation and non-coding RNA (ncRNA) expression, are principally
responsible for the initiation and progression of different tumors. These changes are interconnected
and constitute many epigenetic changes. A form of polyphenolic chemical
obtained from plants called curcumin has great bioactivity against several diseases, specifically
cancer. A naturally occurring substance called thymoquinone is well-known for
its anticancer properties. Thymoquinone affects cancer cells through a variety of methods,
according to preclinical studies. We retrieved information from popular databases,
including PubMed, Google Scholar, and CNKI, to summarize current advancements in
the efficiency of curcumin against cancer and its epigenetic regulation in terms of DNA
methylation, histone modifications, and miRNA expression. The present investigation offers
thorough insights into the molecular processes, based on epigenetic control, that underlie
the clinical use of curcumin and thymoquinone in cancerous cells.
Genes Selectively Expressed in Rat Organs
Authors: Li Dan , Wan Xulian , Yun Yu , Li Yongkun , Duan Weigang
Published: April 2024

Background:

Understanding organic functions at a molecular level is important for scientists
to unveil the disease mechanism and to develop diagnostic or therapeutic methods.

Aim:

The present study tried to find genes selectively expressed in 11 rat organs, including the adrenal
gland, brain, colon, duodenum, heart, ileum, kidney, liver, lung, spleen, and stomach.

Materials and Methods:

Three normal male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were anesthetized, their organs
mentioned above were harvested, and RNA in the fresh organs was extracted. Purified RNA
was reversely transcribed and sequenced using the Solexa high-throughput sequencing technique.
The abundance of a gene was measured by the expected value of fragments per kilobase of transcript
sequence per million base pairs sequenced (FPKM). Genes in organs with the highest expression
level were sought out and compared with their median value in organs. If a gene in the highest
expressed organ was significantly different (p < 0.05) from that in the medianly expressed organ,
accompanied by q value < 0.05, and accounted for more than 70% of the total abundance, the gene
was assumed as the selective gene in the organ.

Results & Discussion:

The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Ontology
(GO) pathways were enriched by the highest expressed genes. Based on the criterion, 1,406 selective
genes were screened out, 1,283 of which were described in the gene bank and 123 of which
were waiting to be described. KEGG and GO pathways in the organs were partly confirmed by the
known understandings and a good portion of the pathways needed further investigation.

Conclusion:

The novel selective genes and organic functional pathways are useful for scientists to
unveil the mechanisms of the organs at the molecular level, and the selective genes’ products are
candidate disease markers for organs.
Mono-canalicular Lacrimal Stent Intubation for Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction Treatment
Authors: Abushnein Ali Nema , Yasir Muthanna Basheer , Yosif Wissam
Published: April 2024

Background

Epiphora, marked by tear overflow at the eyelid margin, is a prevalent condition in ophthalmology, affecting over 20% of infants. The causes involve hypersecretion due to anterior segment diseases or compromised lacrimal drainage systems. While
congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO)
in children often resolves spontaneously, persistent cases may necessitate surgical intervention. The management, which includes probing, stent insertion, and dacryocystorhinostomy, remains challenging due to the miniaturized and variable anatomy of the lacrimal pathways.

Objective and Aims

This study aims to investigate the efficacy of mono-canalicular Lacrijet stent insertion in managing
congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO)
in pediatric patients, particularly those aged over 24 months. It focuses on assessing success rates in cases with prior probing or no previous probing. The study aims to contribute valuable insights to the existing literature on the effectiveness of Lacrijet intubation as a management option for CNLDO.

Patients and Methods

A prospective observational study following 25 pediatric patients diagnosed with epiphora in an ophthalmology hospital. The procedure included using mono-canalicular Lacrijet intubation. Patients were followed for 180 days post-operatively via subjective and objective measures. Independent and paired t-tests were used for numerical variables. Chi-square was applied to check the significant association of variables with outcome. A p-value less than or equal to 5% is considered significant.

Results

More than half of the sample was 3-6 years of age (56%), males (52%), and had previous probing attempts (56%). Seven (28%) patients were relieved from symptoms within less than 5 days, 12 (48%) recovered within 5-9 days, and 2 (8%) patients were symptom-free after 10 days. The success rate was 84%. Only 4 patients (16%) had unsuccessful outcomes. There was no significant difference in outcome regarding patients’ age, gender, affected eye, previous probing, and site of intubation.

Conclusions and Recommendations

Mono-canalicular Lacrijet stent insertion appears as a simple, safe, and reliable outpatient procedure for treating CNLDO in children. Age and prior failed probing did not significantly impact success rates. Early and detailed assessments are recommended for children with epiphora, with consideration for mono-canalicular stenting. Future research could compare outcomes between probing and intubation as initial treatments for pediatric epiphora.
Optimizing Neuroprotective Nano-structured Lipid Carriers for Transdermal Delivery through Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Dalwadi Saloni , Thakkar Vaishali , Prajapati Bhupendra
Published: April 2024

Background:

Dementia associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurological disorder.
AD is a progressive neurodegenerative condition that predominantly impacts the elderly population,
although it can also manifest in younger people through the impairment of cognitive functions,
such as memory, cognition, and behaviour. Donepezil HCl and Memantine HCl are encapsulated
in Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLCs) to prolong systemic circulation and minimize the systemic
side effects.

Objective:

This work explores the use of data mining tools to optimize the formulation of NLCs
comprising of Donepezil HCl and Memantine HCl for transdermal drug delivery. Neuroprotective
drugs and excipients are utilized for protecting the nervous system against damage or degeneration.

Methods:

The NLCs were formulated using a high-speed homogenization technique followed by ultrasonication.
NLCs were optimized using Box Behnken Design (BBD) in Design Expert Software
and artificial neural network (ANN) in IBM SPSS statistics. The independent variables included the
ratio of solid lipid to liquid lipid, the percentage of surfactant, and the revolutions per minute (RPM)
of the high-speed homogenizer.

Results:

The NLCs that were formulated had a mean particle size ranging from 67.0±0.45 to
142.4±0.52 nm. Both drugs have a %EE range over 75%, and Zeta potential was determined to be -
26±0.36 mV. CryoSEM was used to do the structural study. The permeation study showed the prolonged
release of the formulation.

Conclusion:

The results indicate that NLCs have the potential to be a carrier for transporting medications
to deeper layers of the skin and reaching systemic circulation, making them a suitable formulation
for the management of Dementia. Both ANN and BBD techniques are effective tools for systematically
developing and optimizing NLC formulation.
Comportamiento del concreto ante cargas de compresión agregando el SRD como dispositivo disipador de energía, usando caucho reciclado
Authors: Tovar Rodríguez Jorge Frank , Taipe Carbajál Francisco Javier
Published: April 2024

En esta investigación se estudió el comportamiento lineal y no lineal del concreto con el objetivo de incrementar la capacidad de absorción de energía para su uso en edificaciones comunes para comunidades de bajos recursos y que se encuentran en zonas de alto peligro sísmico. Se usó caucho reciclado de Neumáticos Fuera de Uso (NFU) para fabricar el SRD (Dispositivo Acero-Caucho, por sus siglas en inglés) el cual consiste en una serie de capas de caucho de 5mm de espesor y capas de acero de 2mm de espesor, habilitados de forma circular de 5cm de diámetro y puestos uno sobre otro asemejando un “sándwich”. Este dispositivo se colocó al interior de las probetas de concreto. Los especímenes de ensayo fueron de cuatro tipos: convencionales (PC, sin SRD) y modificados (PM, con SRD), estos últimos a su vez, de tres subtipos en función de la cantidad de capas de caucho colocados entre capas de acero (PM1, PM2 y PM3). Se llevaron a cabo ensayos experimentales a compresión según el estándar ASTM C469 y complementados con ensayos en elementos finitos mediante un software confiable. Los resultados mostraron que el SRD reduce la resistencia a la compresión en un rango del 13% al 17% y también reduce el módulo de elasticidad en un rango del 3.30% al 10%, ambos respecto a la probeta convencional. Sin embargo, el SRD aumentó la capacidad de disipar energía mediante un desarrollo progresivo del daño y mayores deformaciones residuales en las probetas modificadas.
Extracción de Celulosa a partir de residuos de hojas de maíz
Authors: Mayta Paucara Sergio Manuel , Quintana Caceda Maria Esther , Norabuena Meza Edgar Waldo , Tello Sánchez Ronald Arnold
Published: April 2024

El maíz es el cereal más cultivado en el mundo, sin embargo, solo el 20% de la masa total de la planta corresponde a la parte comestible, dejando el resto como residuos cuya valorización constituye aun un reto. En particular, en el Perú, los residuos de la cosecha del maíz generalmente se disponen mediante la incineración al aire libre, impactando en los suelos y generando la liberación de gases de efecto invernadero. Atendiendo esta problemática, la presente investigación estudia la extracción de celulosa a partir de residuos de hojas de maíz mediante la combinación de tratamientos mecánicos (secado, conminución y tamizado) y químicos (alcalino y blanqueado). La celulosa fue extraída con un rendimiento del 79.4% mientras que la pureza de la misma fue de 70.3%. Por otro lado, las medidas obtenidas por difracción de rayos X permitieron identificar intensos picos en un patrón característico de la celulosa tipo I, a la vez que se estimó el índice de cristalinidad en un valor de 45. Así mismo las bandas espectrales de la celulosa fueron caracterizadas por espectroscopia FT IR, mientras que las imágenes obtenidas por microscopio electrónico evidenciaron el cambio en la morfología del material desde una estructura irregular y rugosa hacia una conformación fibrilada típica de la celulosa. Esta investigación verificó la viabilidad de la extracción de celulosa y aporta un nuevo enfoque para la valorización de los abundantes residuos de maíz en el Perú.
EVALUACIÓN DE ALMIDONES COMO FLOCULANTES PARA LA REMOCIÓN DE TURBIEDAD EN AGUA SUPERFICIAL
Authors: Cerna Cueva Alberto Franco , Vega-Sanchez Pedro Eduardo , Cordova-Ayra Thalía , Pizarro-Acosta Jhair Jesús , Rojas-Trejo Nicole Maryeli , Mallcco-Quispe María Laboure , Da Cruz-Rodriguez Abby Solange , Zavala-Guerrero Sandra Lorena
Published: April 2024

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar el poder floculante de 3 tipos de almidones, de papa blanca y amarilla (Solanum tuberosum) y pituca (Colocasia esculenta) para remover turbiedad en agua superficial. Para ello, el almidón se extrajo triturando las papas con una proporción de agua/masa de 1:4 y la pituca con una proporción de 1:1, luego se sedimentó y secó a 45 °C durante 24 horas. Se preparó el floculante disolviendo 10 gramos de almidón en 250 ml de agua caliente a 60 °C y posteriormente se hirvió. La evaluación del floculante implicó la coagulación con sulfato de aluminio del agua superficial, ajustando el pH a 9 y luego se dosificó coagulante hasta bajar el pH a 6.9. Se evaluó el poder floculante de los almidones a dosis de 0.3 ml y 0.5 ml por cada litro de agua a tratar. Los parámetros fisicoquímicos evaluados, se midieron antes y después de la adición de los floculantes de almidón. Los almidones de papa amarilla, papa blanca y pituca mejoraron significativamente la eficiencia de remoción de turbiedad en el tratamiento de agua, superando el 95%. Sin embargo, la demanda bioquímica de oxígeno (DBO) aumentó, indicando una mayor carga orgánica. La generación de lodos también aumentó con la adición de floculantes orgánicos. Aumentar la dosis de almidón más allá de 0.3 ml no mejoró la remoción de turbidez, sugiriendo que esa dosis es una "dosis óptima" para maximizar la eficiencia de la reducción de la turbidez.
Barriers to HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Use Among Women in the US: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors:   School of Health Professions, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey, USA, Mathurin Alene ,   NJ Alliance for Clinical and Translational Science, Tafuto Barbara ,   School of Health Professions, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey, USA,   NJ Alliance for Clinical and Translational Science, Lechner Doreen W ,   School of Health Professions, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey, USA,   NJ Alliance for Clinical and Translational Science
Published: April 2024

Introduction: The high acquisition rate of HIV infection among women in the United States is concerning. Despite the FDA approving the first pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) drug in 2012, PrEP utilization remains significantly lower among women. This literature review aims to analyze the current body of research concerning HIV PrEP usage among women in the US. Methods: A search of three medical databases was conducted. After the screening, 19 studies were selected for analysis. A risk of bias assessment was performed. Results: A final set of records meeting the inclusion criteria (n=19) was included in the review for data collection and analysis. The study methodology for these research articles included interview-based designs (semi-structured and brief formats) in 1-on-1 meetings, focus groups, surveys, and retrospective data analysis. Participants' HIV risk characteristics were reported by way of sexual behavior, drug use, combined sexual behavior and drug use, and living in a high HIV rate neighborhood. Nineteen themes were identified and organized into three categories: (1) Common medication administration barriers, (2) PrEP-specific barriers, and (3) Situational barriers. The three most common themes reported by participants included a concern about side effects, low perceived risks of HIV, and lack of PrEP information. The CASP Qualitative Checklist and risk assessment summary showed acceptable validity among studies. Discussion: This review identifies significant barriers hindering women's PrEP utilization, which would benefit from more prevalent stakeholder communication and education directed to at-risk populations. Inconsistently reported descriptive data on participants and the low patient populations make it difficult to generalize outcomes.
Dietary Fiber in Preventing Non-Communicable Diseases: Predicting Prevented Deaths and Economic Impact through the Use of Algae as a Fiber Source
Authors: Pereira Maria , Valado Ana , Antunes Patrícia , Pereira Leonel
Published: April 2024

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are responsible for two-thirds of premature deaths in Europe. This added to the European socio-economic scenario already weakened by the vital aging of the population, contributes to the loss of active individuals, weakening competitiveness and social and economic sustainability, thus making the prevention of NCDs a European objective. Preventing NCDs with the enrichment of the food environment using algae or their compounds, which are rich in nutrients and bioactivities, is an excellent way to promote healthy eating of ecological and sustainable foods. This strategy generates social, economic, and environmental gains, as well as improvements in health and sustainability. The objective of this study was to verify whether the intake of the recommended dose of fiber caused a decrease in the number of deaths caused by NCDs. The NCD prime scenario modelling tool was populated with demographic data on mortality and food intake for 2016. The results obtained by applying the NCDprime model suggested that with the recommended fiber dose, 4.5% of deaths were averted, and about 30 million euros were saved. The number of prevented deaths and the potential for cost savings represent significant health and economic gains. It will allow, in the future, new health policies to be equated with an adaptation of the food ecosystem and the development of new functional foods.
Consumer Perspectives for a Future Mobile App to Document Real-World Listening Difficulties: Qualitative Study
Authors: Galvin Karyn , Tomlin Dani , Timmer Barbra H B , McNeice Zoe , Mount Nicole , Gray Kathleen , Short Camille E
Published: April 2024

Background

By enabling individuals with hearing loss to collect their own hearing data in their personal real-world settings, there is scope to improve clinical care, empower consumers, and support shared clinical decision-making and problem-solving. Clinician support for this approach has been established in a separate study.

Objective

This study aims to explore, for consumers with hearing loss, their (1) experiences of listening difficulties, to identify the data an app could usefully collect; (2) preferences regarding the features of mobile apps in general; and (3) opinions on the potential value and desirable features of a yet-to-be designed app for documenting listening difficulties in real-world settings.

Methods

A total of 3 focus groups involved 27 adults who self-reported hearing loss. Most were fitted with hearing devices. A facilitator used a topic guide to generate discussion, which was video- and audio-recorded. Verbatim transcriptions were analyzed using inductive content analysis.

Results

Consumers supported the concept of a mobile app that would facilitate the documenting of listening difficulties in real-world settings important to the individual. Consumers shared valuable insights about their listening difficulties, which will help determine the data that should be collected through an app designed to document these challenges. This information included early indicators of hearing loss (eg, mishearing, difficulty communicating in groups and on the phone, and speaking overly loudly) and prompts to seek hearing devices (eg, spousal pressure and the advice or example provided by others, and needing to rely on lipreading or to constantly request others to repeat themselves). It also included the well-known factors that influence listening difficulties (eg, reverberation, background noise, group conversations) and the impacts and consequences of their difficulties (eg, negative impacts on relationships and employment, social isolation and withdrawal, and negative emotions). Consumers desired a visual-based app that provided options for how data could be collected and how the user could enter data into an app, and which enabled data sharing with a clinician.

Conclusions

These findings provide directions for the future co-design and piloting of a prototype mobile app to provide data that are useful for increasing self-awareness of listening difficulties and can be shared with a clinician.
Characterizing the Adoption and Experiences of Users of Artificial Intelligence–Generated Health Information in the United States: Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study
Authors: Ayo-Ajibola Oluwatobiloba , Davis Ryan J , Lin Matthew E , Riddell Jeffrey , Kravitz Richard L
Published: April 2024

Background

OpenAI’s ChatGPT is a source of advanced online health information (OHI) that may be integrated into individuals’ health information-seeking routines. However, concerns have been raised about its factual accuracy and impact on health outcomes. To forecast implications for medical practice and public health, more information is needed on who uses the tool, how often, and for what.

Objective

This study aims to characterize the reasons for and types of ChatGPT OHI use and describe the users most likely to engage with the platform.

Methods

In this cross-sectional survey, patients received invitations to participate via the ResearchMatch platform, a nonprofit affiliate of the National Institutes of Health. A web-based survey measured demographic characteristics, use of ChatGPT and other sources of OHI, experience characterization, and resultant health behaviors. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data. Both 2-tailed t tests and Pearson chi-square tests were used to compare users of ChatGPT OHI to nonusers.

Results

Of 2406 respondents, 21.5% (n=517) respondents reported using ChatGPT for OHI. ChatGPT users were younger than nonusers (32.8 vs 39.1 years, P<.001) with lower advanced degree attainment (BA or higher; 49.9% vs 67%, P<.001) and greater use of transient health care (ED and urgent care; P<.001). ChatGPT users were more avid consumers of general non-ChatGPT OHI (percentage of weekly or greater OHI seeking frequency in past 6 months, 28.2% vs 22.8%, P<.001). Around 39.3% (n=206) respondents endorsed using the platform for OHI 2-3 times weekly or more, and most sought the tool to determine if a consultation was required (47.4%, n=245) or to explore alternative treatment (46.2%, n=239). Use characterization was favorable as many believed ChatGPT to be just as or more useful than other OHIs (87.7%, n=429) and their doctor (81%, n=407). About one-third of respondents requested a referral (35.6%, n=184) or changed medications (31%, n=160) based on the information received from ChatGPT. As many users reported skepticism regarding the ChatGPT output (67.9%, n=336), most turned to their physicians (67.5%, n=349).

Conclusions

This study underscores the significant role of AI-generated OHI in shaping health-seeking behaviors and the potential evolution of patient-provider interactions. Given the proclivity of these users to enact health behavior changes based on AI-generated content, there is an opportunity for physicians to guide ChatGPT OHI users on an informed and examined use of the technology.
Developing a Multiprofessional Mobile App to Enhance Health Habits in Older Adults: User-Centered Approach (Preprint)
Authors: Sobrinho Andressa Crystine da Silva , Gomes Grace Angelica de Oliveira , Bueno Júnior Carlos Roberto
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Although comprehensive lifestyle habits are crucial for healthy aging, their adherence tends to decline as individuals grow older. Sustaining a healthy life over time poses a motivational challenge. Some digital tools, such as smartphone apps aimed at promoting healthy habits, have been used to counteract this decline. However, a more profound investigation is necessary into the diverse experiences of users, particularly when it concerns older adults or those who are unfamiliar with information and communications technologies.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to develop a mobile app focused on promoting the health of older adults based on the principles of software engineering and a user-centered design. The project respected all ethical guidelines and involved the participation of older adults at various stages of the development of the app.

METHODS

This study used a mixed methods approach, combining both quantitative and qualitative methodologies for data collection. The study was conducted in Ribeirão Prêto, São Paulo, Brazil, and involved 20 older adults of both genders who were aged ≥60 years and enrolled in the Physical Education Program for the Elderly at the University of São Paulo. The research unfolded in multiple phases, encompassing the development and refinement of the app with active engagement from the participants.

RESULTS

A total of 20 participants used a mobile health app with an average age of 64.8 (SD 2.7) years. Most participants had a high school education, middle-class status, and varying health literacy (mean score 73.55, SD 26.70). Overall, 90% (18/20) of the participants owned smartphones. However, 20% (4/20) of the participants faced installation challenges and 30% (6/20) struggled with web-based searches. The focus groups assessed app usability and satisfaction. Adjustments increased satisfaction scores significantly (Suitability Assessment of Materials: 34.89% to 70.65%; System Usability Scale: 71.23 to 87.14). Participant feedback emphasized font size, navigation, visual feedback, and personalization, and suggestions included health device integration, social interaction, and in-app communication support.

CONCLUSIONS

This study contributes to the development of health care technologies tailored to the older adult population, considering their specific needs. It is anticipated that the resulting app will serve as a valuable tool for promoting healthy habits and enhancing the quality of life for older adults.
Exploring a New Immunotherapy Treatment for Recalcitrant Verrucae (Preprint)
Authors: Rubino Kendrick , Tchernogorova Elizabeth , Ricci Corinne , Zueger Morgan , Kirk Jessica , Brooks Benjamin
Published: April 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Verrucae pose a common challenge for patients of all ages and are difficult to treat. Existing treatment methods such as liquid nitrogen spray, cantharidin application, and physical scraping cause discomfort to the patient and yield limited success. However, recent advancements in immunotherapies present a promising avenue for treating these difficult-to-treat hyperplastic lesions. Local injections of immunotherapies, such as MMR, BCG, Candida Antigen, and Tuberculosis PPD, provide a higher cure rate of recalcitrant verruca while also being less painful.
“As a Radiologist”, ChatGPT-4 Gives Better Recommendations to Common Questions of Breast, Lung and Prostate Cancer: Comparison of Results (Preprint)
Authors: Lu Haidi , Zhan Qian , Song Mengxing , Chen Qiaoling , Wu Hanchang , Chen Luguang , Lu Jianping , Shao Chengwei , Ma Chao
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Large language models, similar to ChatGPT, potentially offer both advantages and challenges when tasked with answering disease-related questions. It is valuable to investigate whether assigning a specific role to these large language models, such as simulating a radiologist, could lead to more appropriate responses.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate and compare the accuracy of ChatGPT-4 with the role of a radiologist (ChatGPT-4R) in answering questions related to breast, lung, and prostate cancer with the direct responses provided by ChatGPT-4.

METHODS

The study utilized 25, 40, and 22 common questions pertinent to breast, lung, and prostate cancer, respectively. These questions were posed to ChatGPT-4 and ChatGPT-4R to yield responses. Subsequently, five radiologists reviewed each question and classified the derived answers into three categories: correct, partially correct, or incorrect. The accuracy of the responses was evaluated employing McNemar tests.

RESULTS

The analysis of responses related to breast, lung, and prostate cancer showed that ChatGPT-4R answered with an accuracy of 96%, 87.5%, and 100%, respectively. On the other hand, ChatGPT-4's accuracy was 96%, 72.5%, and 95.5% for the same categories. Across all 87 questions, ChatGPT-4R achieved 93.1% correct responses, 4.6% partially correct responses, and 2.3% incorrect responses. In comparison, ChatGPT-4R was more likely to provide correct answers than ChatGPT-4, with a significant difference of 8.0% (P = .02).

CONCLUSIONS

The performance of ChatGPT-4R exceeds that of ChatGPT-4 in terms of accuracy. However, it remains incapable of providing correct answers to all posed questions.

CLINICALTRIAL

N/A
ЦИФРОВОЙ СУВЕРЕНИТЕТ – ОДИН ИЗ КЛЮЧЕВЫХ ФАКТОРОВ РАЗВИТИЯ НАШЕЙ СТРАНЫ, ОБЩЕСТВА И БИЗНЕСА
Authors: Шейкин А.Г.
Published: April 2024

Артём Геннадьевич Шейкин, кандидат экономических
наук, с 2021 года представляет Законодательное собра-
ние Амурской области, уроженцем которой он явля-
ется, в Совете Федерации (СФ) Федерального Собрания
Российской Федерации. Он является, в частности, заме-
стителем председателя Совета по развитию цифровой
экономики при СФ. По итогам 2023 года А.Г.Шейкин
возглавил рейтинг эффективности работы сенаторов
Российской Федерации, который составляют плат-
форма The World Inform и независимый канал "ПУЛ
Telegram" с применением технологий ИИ и эксперт-
ного мнения. При подведении этих итогов отдельно
отмечались инициативы сенатора, которые рождались
в рамках работы секций Совета по развитию цифро-
вой экономики при СФ. И в 2024 году он продолжает
оставаться лидером данного рейтинга. Так, по итогам
марта KPI А.Г.Шейкина составил 90%. В своей парла-
ментской деятельности он особое внимание уделяет
цифровизации и поддержке ИКТ-сферы. В преддве-
рии открытия Российской недели высоких техноло-
гий А.Г.Шейкин ответил на вопросы корреспондента
ПЕРВОЙ МИЛИ.
ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ И КАЧЕСТВО ОПТИЧЕСКИХ КАБЕЛЕЙ С МНОГОКАНАЛЬНЫМИ ВОЛОКНАМИ
Authors: Коршунов В.Н. , Овчинникова И.А. , Шишова Н.А.
Published: April 2024

Рассматриваются системные аспекты применения в перспективных телекоммуникационных сетях оптических кабелей с многоканальными волокнами. Оценивается эффективность многоканальных волокон со стандартным и увеличенным диаметром оптической оболочки. Приводятся численные значения пространственной и спектральной эффективности. Сопоставляются эффективность и качество кабеля, выполняется расчет значений факторов обеспечения требуемого качества.
CABEX 2024: ГЛАВНОЕ БИЗНЕС-СОБЫТИЕ КАБЕЛЬНОЙ ОТРАСЛИ
Authors: Попов С.А.
Published: April 2024

С 19 по 21 марта вновь на самой престижной в столице площадке – ЦВК "Экспоцентр" – состоялось крупнейшее в России и СНГ бизнес-мероприятие кабельной отрасли – 22-я Международная выставка кабельно-проводниковой продукции, оборудования и материалов для ее производства Cabex 2024. Главным событием первого дня ее работы стала Международная научно-техническая конференция им. профессора И.Б.Пешкова "Кабельная промышленность. Наука. Техника. Производство".
МАНИФЕСТ НОВОГО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТА
Authors: Голышко А.В.
Published: April 2024

Час от часу крепнущий генеративный искусственный интеллект уже признается силой всеми другими силами, и то ли еще будет при его переходе в давно предсказанную сильную стадию на пути к сингулярности. Пора уже его создателям перед всем миром открыто изложить свои взгляды, свои цели, свои стремления и противопоставить всяческим сказкам сей манифест нового интеллекта.
Acerca de la caracterización de la Política Social y la práctica del Trabajo Social
Authors: Alayón Norberto
Published: April 2024

A partir de la histórica vinculación que ha existido entre política social y trabajo social dado que ambas se proponen como objetivo mejorar las condiciones de vida, se hace un análisis retrospectivo para fundamentar el argumento de que las políticas sociales han resultado insuficientes en el combate a la pobreza en el entendido que esta está estrechamente vinculada a la naturaleza del modelo capitalista centrado en la ganancia y la acumulación. Este fenómeno podría atenuarse a partir de la emisión e implementación de políticas sociales que tengan en la mira el bienestar social y en la existencia de un marco jurídico laboral que contribuyan a potenciar los resultados de las campañas de lucha contra la pobreza y contra el hambre. Sin embargo las condiciones sociales y la tan cuestionada ausencia del estado en la mayoría de nuestros países, además del poco interés en atender las necesidades de la población, reduce al mínimo los efectos que estas puedan tener. En este sentido cobra suma importancia la vinculación entre la Política Social y el Trabajo Social, para que desde la profesión se pueda participar en el diseño y ejecución de políticas para el bienestar social, teniendo como punto de partida una clara caracterización del de la sociedad y el estado.
Reflexiones en torno al quehacer profesional de Trabajo Social en México
Authors: Gámiz Vidiella Shantal
Published: April 2024

En este artículo compartiré dos experiencias laborales muy significativas para mí, las cuales me permitieron tener la oportunidad de observar los diversos resultados que es posible obtener al trabajar con personas afectadas por la violencia en dos instituciones diferentes: la primera en la junta de asistencia privada mexicana y la segunda en el ámbito médico-humanitario internacional. En el primero, la atención se brindaba dentro de una casa-refugio de máxima seguridad; y en el segundo, la intervención se llevaba a cabo a lo largo de diversos puntos de la línea fronteriza del norte del país, así como en las rutas migratorias.
Innovación y emprendimiento en Trabajo Social: el éxito de un equipo pionero
Authors: Chávez Humberto
Published: April 2024

El artículo describe cronológicamente la incubación del proyecto “Lady Meche”, pionero en la innovaciónsocial en la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), coordinado desde la Escuela Nacionalde Trabajo Social (ENTS) de la misma universidad. Por su naturaleza y contenido, mostró desde sus etapasmás tempranas el gran potencial que tiene al rápidamente alcanzar su objetivo: trabajar con mujeressexoservidoras de la zona de La Merced en Ciudad de México, para construir una alternativa de mejora, nosólo de sus ingresos económicos, sino de realización personal y bienestar mediante su empoderamiento.El texto ilustra los diversos apoyos que ha tenido el proyecto, de carácter económico, metodológico, técnico,de capacitación, a partir de una convocatoria escolar lanzada por la ENTS e Innova UNAM que han sidolos principales impulsadores de Lady Meche. También se reseñan los múltiples premios y reconocimientosque Lady Meche ha obtenido a lo largo de su consolidación como empresa social.Finalmente, se muestra que, a pesar de los duros efectos de la pandemia de COVID-19, Lady Meche hapodido aplicar estrategias para superar la etapa de “depresión de red” renovando su contacto y ampliandosu red con la población objetivo, además de lograr actualmente la diversificación de la oferta de los productosque elabora con ellas.
La introducción de objetivos SMART en un entorno educativo
Authors: Janssen Camiel Herman Cornelis
Published: April 2024

Para establecer objetivos en general, se recomienda adoptar la denominada metodología SMART, acrónimo que al español se traduce como Específico, Medible, Alcanzable, Relevante y con Fecha Límite (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant and Time-bound en inglés). Su implementación entre el alumnado puede desempeñar un papel formativo en la transición de un entorno educativo a uno industrial. Además, contribuye a ofrecer a los/las estudiantes una visión más clara del contenido de un curso y de su contexto, transparentar su evaluación, ayudar a la identificación de conocimientos adquiridos anteriormente en otros cursos y mejorar la gestión del tiempo. El enfoque por objetivos SMART puede resultar valioso en cursos de los últimos semestres de una carrera que involucren el desarrollo de un proyecto.
Determinación de la constante de Henry de la disolución del CO2 en un refresco dietético
Authors: Hernández Segura Gerardo Omar , Villarreal Aline , Pérez Sereno Diego Yahir , Trejo Candelas Luis Miguel , Estrada Ramírez Ricardo Manuel A.
Published: April 2024

Se propone un experimento, empleando como sistema un refresco de cola dietético comercial, con el fin de determinar la constante de Henry del equilibrio químico de distribución del dióxido de carbono (CO2) entre las fases gaseosa y acuosa a diferentes temperaturas, de acuerdo con la ecuación química: CO2 (ac) ⇌ CO2 (g).
Para este proceso químico se calcularon las siguientes propiedades termodinámicas: ΔH0, ΔS0, ΔG0, ΔU0 y ΔA0 a 298.15 K, y la constante de Henry. Utilizando las propiedades calculadas, se propone explicar la relación matemática entre ellas y su aplicación en la descripción del equilibrio químico del CO2 entre las fases acuosa y gaseosa del sistema. Asimismo, se utilizó la constante de equilibrio para explicar la variación de la solubilidad del CO2 como función de la temperatura y la presión. Finalmente, se contextualizó la solubilidad del CO2 en la fase acuosa con las propiedades organolépticas de la bebida y el mantenimiento de la forma del recipiente.
xyz Modelo de Optimización de Arreglos de Cometas Captadoras de Energías Sostenibles
Authors:   Universidad de Carabobo, Sandoval-Ruiz Cecilia E.
Published: April 2024

Esta investigación plantea una actualización del modelo de captación de energía eólica, ya que actualmente no se considera la compensación de efectos ambientales, siendo requerido para la configuración de un arreglo inteligente de cometas eólicas. El objetivo fue definir un término de realimentación de flujo difractado, analizando su aporte en la optimización de eficiencia. El método se basó en la correspondencia entre un operador matemático y los elementos físicos del sistema. Se interpretó el concepto de filtro adaptativo con arquitectura LFSR configurable (del inglés Linear Feedback Shift Register), para el procesamiento de bloques discretos de energía, en un combinador xyz lineal de flujo de viento, a través de colectores flexibles y realimentación de flujo modulado. Como resultados de las pruebas del modelo en VHDL (del inglés Very High Speed Integrates Circuit Hardware Description Language) se obtuvieron los coeficientes óptimos para la convergencia de la señal de salida, con respecto a la referencia. Entre los principales aportes se encuentra la simplificación por etapas, reportando una mejora en la eficiencia del 11,08 %; lo que permite concluir que el término adaptativo propuesto representa una herramienta para avanzar en el concepto de sistemas configurables basados en modelos, para el desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías, máxima eficiencia, mínimo costo energético y mínimo impacto ambiental.
Intelligent Traffic Light Control System
Authors: Reshma Md
Published: April 2024

Abstract: The "Intelligent traffic light control system " project introduces an innovative approach to traffic management, aiming to expedite emergency vehicle passage. Utilizing Zigbee and Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) technology, this system assigns a unique RFID tag to each vehicle, enabling precise tracking and control at traffic junctions. The scenarios involving emergency vehicle clearance, the system's responsiveness shines. When an emergency vehicle clearance approaches, the system rapidly receives the signal from zigbee transmitter associated with it and promptly triggers a green signal at the traffic junction. This prioritization ensures that emergency vehicles can navigate the traffic with minimal delays, potentially saving lives. Another remarkable feature of the system is stolen vehicle detection capability. In the event that a vehicle with a specific RFID tag is reported as stolen, the system is programmed to take action. It sends immediate SMS notifications to relevant authorities, such as law enforcement or the vehicle owner. This proactive response enhances the chances of recovering stolen vehicles and contributes to overall security. The hardware components of this system include Arduino Uno. Arduino Uno serves as the central control unit, processing RFID data and executing signal adjustments, while the GSM module facilitates real-time communication, enabling SMS alerts and notifications. The " Intelligent traffic light control system " project exemplifies how RFID technology and zigbee technology can revolutionize traffic management. By incorporating data analysis and automation, this system offers a multifaceted solution to common traffic-related challenges.
Detection of Breast Cancer Cells Using Deep Learning with Convolution Neural Network
Authors: Sawwashere Dr. Supriya. S. , Jambhulkara Mr. Aman
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Breast cancer, a pervasive global health concern, necessitates timely and precise diagnosis to ensure effective treatment and enhance patient outcomes. This comprehensive review critically examines a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model specifically crafted for the detection of breast cancer utilizing histopathological images. The Python code, developed with the powerful TensorFlow and Keras libraries, strategically incorporates advanced methodologies such as transfer learning and data augmentation to optimize the model's diagnostic performance. The study meticulously delves into crucial aspects, encompassing data preprocessing techniques, intricate model architecture, rigorous training procedures, and thorough evaluation methodologies. The culmination of these efforts is a practical demonstration showcasing the model's capability in accurately detecting breast cancer. The integration of machine learning techniques with Python implementation underscores a sophisticated approach to navigating the complex terrain of breast cancer prediction. By offering a detailed exploration of the intricate landscape surrounding breast cancer detection, this review provides valuable insights into the potential of such machine learning models. The amalgamation of advanced technologies, thoughtful implementation, and holistic approaches signifies a significant step forward in advancing diagnostic capabilities for this critical health issue, ultimately contributing to improved patient care and outcomes.
Music Recommendation System by Detection of Emotions
Authors: Dhumale Prof. Y. A. , Sambe Siddhesh , Gavhane Om , Choudhary Mohit , Jagtap Aditya
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Expressing emotions through facial expressions is a fundamental aspect of human communication, offering insight into an individual's mood and well-being. The subtle nuances of the eyes, cheeks, forehead, and even the curve of a smile convey a wealth of emotional information. Music, as an art form, holds a unique power to relax and comfort both body and mind. Our project capitalizes on the synergy between these two elements by developing a system capable of discerning emotions from facial expressions and selecting appropriate music in response. This innovative approach not only aids in calming individuals and improving their mood but also streamlines the music selection process, saving valuable time. Furthermore, we aim to create software that offers this functionality universally, enabling users to access emotional music responses anytime, anywhere.
Live Object Recognition Using YOLO
Authors: Sonawane Prathamesh , Gudur Rupa , Gaikwad Vedant , Jadhav Harshad
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Live object recognition refers to the real-time process of identifying and categorizing objects within a given visual input, such as images. This technology utilizes computer vision techniques and advanced algorithms to detect objects, determine their dimension, area and weight and often classify them into defined categories. Our system proposesR-CNN and YOLO to determine the dimensions of the objects in real time. YOLO takes a different approach by treating object detection as a single regression problem. A single neural network is trained to directly predict bounding boxes and class probabilities for multiple objects in an image. The input image is divided into a grid, and each grid cell is responsible for predicting the objects whose center fall within that cell. Live object recognition finds applications in various fields, including autonomous vehicles, surveillance systems, robotics,augmented reality, and more. By providing instantaneous and accurate insights into the surrounding environment, this technology contributes to enhanced decision-making,interaction, and automation across numerous domains. The objects which can be recognized are solid objects which we use daily such as electronic items, stationery items, culinary items and many more. Our system “Live Object Recognition using YOLO” is aimed to detect and determine the objects and dimensions in real time.
Deep Learning Approach for Suspicious Activity Detection from Video Surveillance
Authors: Khalkar Harshal , Nikam Nikita , Titame Saloni , Mali Manas , Gaidhani Prof. Abhay R.
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Video surveillance is getting more important as technology improves. New systems use artificial intelligence to tell the difference between normal and suspicious behaviour in live video. Since people can be unpredictable, it's hard to know for sure if something is suspicious. This system uses deep learning to identify suspicious activity in schools, like classrooms or hallways. If the system sees something suspicious, it can alert security or the police. Here's how it works: The system breaks down the video into individual pictures, one after another. Then, it uses a special program to decide if what's happening in the pictures is suspicious or normal.
Employees’ competence need satisfaction and loyalty: Intrinsic work motivation as a mediator, moderated by belief in reciprocal filial piety
Authors: Wei Jianfeng , Wu Zhiqiang
Published: April 2024

Competition for talent is becoming increasingly fierce in China’s rapidly developing economy, so that cultivating loyalty among employees is important for the competitiveness and sustainable development of enterprises. From an individual perspective, in this study we explored
the internal mechanism of employees’ competence need satisfaction on their loyalty. We constructed a moderated mediation model with intrinsic work motivation as the mediator and reciprocal filial piety belief as the moderator. In a study conducted with Master of Business Administration
students in Henan Province, along with employees in Xuchang, we received 438 valid survey responses for analysis. The results indicated that employee loyalty was positively affected by competence need satisfaction, with intrinsic work motivation playing a partial mediating role. Reciprocal
filial piety belief positively moderated the mediating process. Therefore, managers should pay attention to employees’ need for competence satisfaction, and should take measures to improve employees’ motivation.
Withania somnifera: A potential rejuvenator of medicinal system for healthcare
Authors: Sharma Vibhuti , Sehgal Rutika , Gupta Reena
Published: April 2024

Medicinal herbs have been used since the time of the Vedas. The plants have therapeutic qualities in every part. Secondary metabolites of extensive variety are present in medicinal plants and are utilised in the production of medications as well as in the treatment of many different ailments. Withania somnifera is a medicinal plant, have various properties.  'Ashwagandha' is the popular name of Withania somnifera.   It is offered as churna, a finely sieved powder that can be combined with ghee, water or honey. It has memory-enhancing, anti-oxidant, anti-stress, anti-venom, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects. It is employed to treat a variety of clinical problems. In addition to being used as a suppressant in HIV/AIDS patients, Withania somnifera is used to treat ulcers, emaciation, colds, coughs, diabetes, conjunctivitis, insomnia, senile dementia, epilepsy, leprosy, Parkinson's disease, nervous disorders, rheumatism, arthritis, intestinal infections, bronchitis and asthma. The review article concentrates on the Withania somnifera plant's different pharmacological qualities.

Keywords: Withania somnifera, Ayurveda, Anti-oxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Anti-tumour