bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MIXED REALITY APPLICATION FOR STAIRCASE INSPECTION
Authors: Lee Michelle Siu Zhi , Yabuki Nobuyoshi , Fukuda Tomohiro
Published: October 2023

Mixed Reality (MR) solutions for the construction industry have been studied, with many bringing in a Building Information Model (BIM) within the mixed reality environment for visualization to assist with inspections. While some studies have been done to determine the efficiency of mapping indoor scenes using mixed-reality headsets, few have conducted research for specific applications that utilize the mapping capabilities of mixed-reality hardware. In the construction industry, building authority standards have to be complied with, which are typically manually inspected. Wearable mixed reality solutions could potentially be used to facilitate such inspections by using native sensors available in the hardware to make sense of the environment, followed by a comparison of the acquired data against a set of authority requirements. The objective of the research is to study the feasibility of utilizing a wearable mixed reality device as a tool for building staircase inspection, where such inspections are usually tedious since it involves manual measurements of several staircase parameters. Using data gathered from sensors on the device, holograms representing staircase features are generated for visualization and computing distance measurements, which are then used for checks against a set of standards. Due to hardware limitations, the application was only able to gather and analyze data for parts of staircases with reasonable accuracy. Nonetheless, the mixed reality application showed that simpler structures with fewer features than staircases can be successfully deployed for measurement-type inspection checks.
EXPLORING THE USE OF NLP TO AUTO-ALIGN MASTER SCHEDULES WITH SUPERINTENDENT’S LOOK-AHEADS IN CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
Authors: Jung Yoonhwa , Golparvar-Fard Mani
Published: October 2023

In construction, there has always been a painful disconnect in reconciling parameters set in the master plan to what is actually happening in real-time on a project against the superintendent’s look-ahead. In the absence of an integrated solution, superintendents spend hours manually attempting to connect the master schedule with the look-ahead tasks written on trailer walls and sticky notes using papers or spreadsheets. This leads to frequent human error, poor communication between field and office and missing jobsite information created by the realities of weekly re-planning on-site. To address these inefficiencies, this paper explores the use of natural language processing (NLP) on both long-term (master) schedule and short-term (lookahead) plans to automatically learn and map their activities and tasks against one another. Using preliminary results from several commercial building projects, the potential of using an NLP seq2seq model as an Extractive and Abstractive Text Summarization technique is discussed in detail.
DEVELOPMENT OF PORTABLE CONCRETE 3D PRINTER TO USE LOCALLY MANUFACTURED ADDITIVE
Authors: Qureshi Mohsin Usman , Al Kindi Ghassan , Al-Shizawi Amira , Al-Sawafi Bushra , Al-Balushi Yousuf Usman
Published: October 2023

In this study, a portable concrete 3D printer is designed, and its additive is developed from local materials to address the advancement in digital fabrication for the construction industry. The authors investigate different additive materials in preparing four mixes using Ordinary Portland Cement, white cement, reservoir sediments, dune sand, commercial sand, fine marble waste, and bentonite for a portable concrete 3D printer. The two mixes showed the best compressive strength results, containing fine marble waste and reservoir sediments. The mix WSS (30% white cement, 50% sand, 20% sediment) has resulted in a compressive strength ranging from 18 to 21 kPa after 28 days of curing. The mix WSM (30% white cement, 50% dune sand and 20% fine marble waste) recorded a compressive strength range from 15 to 17 kPa after 28 days of curing. The mixes were successfully employed as an additive for crafting 28 layers in a single attempt using a newly developed portable concrete 3D printer and additive.
METHODS AND TOOLS USED FOR MANAGEMENT OF GEOTECHNICAL RISKS IN CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
Authors: CALIK IDIL , GURGUN ASLI PELIN , OZCOBAN MEHMET SUKRU
Published: October 2023

Decisions taken in the process of organizing and managing construction structures pose various risks and can adversely affect people's lives. Geotechnical risks constitute a large part of the risks of construction projects. Technical problems related to soil characteristics can lead to delays in the schedule and cost overruns in the budget of the projects. Geotechnical risks with the potential to cause major damage to projects must ultimately be prevented before they happen. Recently, many technological tools are available to use strategically for the management of such risks. The integration of various numerical methods with different technological tools might be effective for this purpose. The use of the right method or tool will greatly contribute to geotechnical risk management. Since the management of these risks can directly and/or indirectly affect the work program, the healthy progress of the project depends on the adoption of correct risk management approaches and strategies. With the aim of o determine the effect of technological tools in the management of geotechnical risks in this study, literature review about the management of geotechnical risks in construction projects was examined, and the methods used were compiled. The results of this study are expected to be a guide in terms of introducing technological tools to practitioners in the sector and improving risk management in their course.
LIGHTING MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT THROUGH IOT-BASED AUTOMATED FAULT DIAGNOSTICS
Authors: Piantanida Paolo , Siccardi Stefania , Aliev Khurshid , Villa Valentina
Published: October 2023

Monitoring building assets is fundamental for preventing failures during building utilization. This practice is performed in predictive maintenance activities, which are based on asset monitoring using sensors to predict and avoid failures. Even if it has been demonstrated how asset monitoring can save costs, time and reduce breakdowns, it is still rarely used in common practice by facility managers. This paper proposes a framework for monitoring lighting systems to predict failures and intervene before their occurrence. The monitoring system is composed of sensors that capture temperature, voltage, electrical power and current data from lighting systems. The system can compare the data gathered with the expected value and, if anomalies are detected, it sends a maintenance request or, in case of an emergency, can actuate the shutdown of the device and schedule emergency maintenance. Furthermore, a fault detection diagram is illustrated based on the more common failures detected in lighting systems. The proposed framework provides the theoretical foundation for the development of a system for laboratory experiments.
CORROSION RATE OF REINFORCED CONCRETE WITH COMBINED DETERIORATION BY CHLORIDE ATTACK AND ASR
Authors: Miyazato Shinichi , Sugawara Norihiro
Published: October 2023

Chloride ions destroy the passive film of steel bars in concrete and induce corrosion. Moreover, the alkali-silica reaction (ASR) produces map cracks in concrete through the formation and expansion of a hygroscopic gel around aggregates. Some existing structures simultaneously experience these two types of deteriorations. In this study, the corrosion rate of steel embedded in mortar with this combined deterioration was evaluated. That is, the presence or absence of reactive aggregates and chloride ions was set as experimental parameters, and specimens with single or combined deterioration of chloride attack and ASR were produced. Cracks and rebar corrosion rates were measured and the influences of chloride ions and ASR on rebar corrosion were discussed based on the polarization curves and resistivity. As conclusions, compared with chloride attack alone, concrete with combined deterioration had more oxygen supply through ASR cracks and a faster corrosion rate. Furthermore, the presence of chloride ions facilitated the formation of electric circuits. In contrast, ASR cracks hindered the formation of an electric circuit. Therefore, the mortar resistivity was the lowest in the case of chloride attack alone, the highest in the case of ASR alone, and intermediate in the case of combined deterioration.
VEHICLE PLATOONING SIMULATION TO AVOID COLLISION WITH PEDESTRIAN
Authors: Kita Eisuke , Murai Nozomi , Tamaki Tatsuhiro
Published: October 2023

According to a survey by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, as much as 40% of the annual travel time is wasted in traffic jams. In addition, some studies have shown that the gas emitted by idling causes air pollution, and this has become a major social problem. One of the efforts to improve these problems caused by traffic congestion is the research on platooning. Most of the conventional research assumes a straight road as the experimental condition, and there is no discussion on the behavior at intersections scattered in the general roadway. In this study, a velocity control model is studied to avoid collisions with pedestrians when platoon vehicles make a turn at the intersection. A vehicle following model is defined according to Helly model which controls the vehicle acceleration according to relative speed and distance with the vehicle in front. The validity of the model is discussed from the computer simulation. Simulations were performed in some cases. The model could control the vehicles individually without collisions with pedestrians. However, these experiments were conducted only in an ideal environment by simulation. Therefore, in the future, the effectiveness of the model should be improved in actual traffic flow by conducting experiments using real vehicles.
EFFECT OF EPISTEMIC UNCERTAINTY ON SEISMIC FRAGILITY OF BASE-ISOLATED RC-BUILDING FRAME USING INCREMENTAL DYNAMIC ANALYSIS
Authors: GONDALIYA KAUSHIK MAHESHKUMAR , Vasanwala Sandip A. , Desai Atul K. , Jain Ritika , Bhaiya Vishisht
Published: October 2023

The quantification and impact of epistemic uncertainty in the RC frame building can analyze due to recent advancements in processing power and the availability of reliable seismic vulnerability assessment techniques. In the present study, a base-isolated 10-story RC building frame is designed and analyzed per the latest Indian standards, with lead rubber bearing as the base isolation system. The selected base-isolated RC frame building was analyzed using probabilistic and deterministic approaches. As the fundamental epistemic uncertainty parameter, the mechanical strength of concrete and steel is considered. The Monte-Carlo method is determined the unpredictability of the RC frames' structures. The incremental dynamic analysis is conducted per the FEMA P695 guidelines to evaluate the wide range of 32 far-field ground motions on the base-isolated RC frame structure. Maximum roof drift ratio responses are utilized to generate the seismic fragility curve by adopting the several threshold values of damage index, such as, slight, moderate, severe, and complete. The traditional linear regression method is implemented to derive the seismic fragility curves of various damage thresholds. The study results reveal that the deterministic strategy is more likely to predict damage by 10 to 25 percent less than the probabilistic approach. The probabilistic analysis approach shows that epistemic uncertainty significantly affects the prediction of the seismic damage probability
ANALYSIS OF ULTRA HIGH-PERFORMANCE CONCRETE (UHPC) BEAMS REINFORCED WITH GFRP BARS
Authors: Abed Farid , ElNassar Zeinah , Mehaini Zin
Published: October 2023

This paper reports the numerical results of the flexural response of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) beams reinforced longitudinally with glass fiber-reinforced polymer bars (GFRP). In this paper, the finite element commercial software ABAQUS is used to evaluate the behavior of UHPC beams reinforced with GFRP bars through modelling a three-dimensional model subjected to four-point bending. Material and geometric nonlinearities were incorporated in the model to provide a valuable simulation that yields similar results to beam tested in the laboratory. For validation purposes, the finite element model is verified against existing experimental results that were conducted previously by the same authors. The main objective of this paper is to extend the numerical analysis to cover a more exhaustive set of parameters, including the effect of longitudinal reinforcement ratio and the beam’s cross-sections on the flexural capacity of the GFRP-UHPC beam. The results of the study revealed a significant improvement in the flexural capacity of UHPC beams with the increase in GFRP reinforcement. The load capacity of GFRP UHPC Beam was doubled when the GFRP longitudinal reinforcement ratio increased from 0.26 to 1.66%.
SEISMIC RETROFIT OF SUBSTANDARD RC BRIDGES USING CONTEMPORARY MITIGATION MEASURES
Authors: Hasina Jumana , Mwafy Aman , Issa Anas
Published: October 2023

As essential infrastructure components, existing substandard bridges may cause significant economic losses at the urban scale as they are prone to different damage modes under seismic excitations. Due to the large number of existing RC bridges in earthquake-prone regions and the continuous updates in seismic design criteria, there is increasing interest in developing effective seismic retrofit techniques for enhancing the performance of these structures. This study thus investigates the effectiveness of contemporary retrofit measures for upgrading the seismic performance of RC bridges, namely ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) jackets and self-centering energy dissipating (SCED) braces. Detailed fiber-based numerical models are developed for scaled RC bridge substructures retrofitted with the adopted mitigation measures. The hysteretic behavior of the bridge substructures from quasi-static cyclic loading experiments conducted in previous studies is utilized to verify the developed fiber-based models. The validated modeling approaches of retrofit strategies are then applied to an old benchmark bridge located in a medium seismicity zone. The inelastic response of the benchmark bridge substructure before and after the retrofit with different mitigation measures is assessed using the verified fiber-based numerical models. The results demonstrate that the retrofit measures increased the lateral strength of the bridge bent by 37.5%. Also, 10% improved ductility was observed in the UHPC retrofitted bent. This performance assessment study enabled the selection of effective measures to mitigate the vulnerability of substandard bridge members to ensure their post-earthquake functionality.
FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF EXISTING RC BEAM-COLUMN JOINTS STRENGTHENED BY PRESS-JOINT WITH ADDITIONAL RC MEMBERS
Authors: Maida Yusuke , Sakata Hiroyasu
Published: October 2023

Only a few specialized research studies and examples of seismic strengthening methods for beam-column joints in existing reinforced concrete (RC) buildings exist. In a previous study, we proposed a seismic strengthening method that press-joints additional RC members around existing steel-reinforced concrete (SRC) beam-column joints. This study used finite element analysis to investigate the reinforcement effect of the proposed seismic strengthening method on existing RC beam-column joints. Initially, finite element analysis was conducted to imitate the assembled test in which the RC beam-column joint was fractured. The model analysis results agreed well with the test results. For this existing RC beam-column joint model, three types of models with reinforcement methods as parameters were analyzed. The first type model press-joints additional RC members only in the in-plane direction. The second type model press-joints additional RC members in the in-plane and orthogonal directions. The third type model press-joints additional RC members in the in-plane direction, and the additional RC members and existing part are joined by post-installed anchors in the orthogonal direction. According to results, cracks at the existing RC beam-column joints were confirmed to be reduced in the strengthened models. The model that press-joints additional RC members in the in-plane and orthogonal directions most significantly reduced the minimum principal stress in existing RC beam-column joints the most.
STUDY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE WOODEN HYBRID STRUCTURAL SYSTEM WITH LAG-SCREW BOLTS
Authors: Kuratomi Yo , Inada Tatsuo , Sakai Junichi
Published: October 2023

Recently, governments of developed countries, such as Japan and other European and North America countries, have encouraged using forest resources to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is a solid wood panel commonly used as a structural material to construct moderate-to-large-sized buildings because of its high strength and stiffness. Hence, we proposed replacing reinforced concrete slabs with CLT floor panels in moderate-to-large-sized buildings. The push-out shear test was conducted to investigate the shear performance of the proposed connection method between steel beams and CLT panels. The experimental variables denote the fiber direction of a CLT panel concerning test loading and lubricant oil used for fastening hexagon head bolts. A testing machine was used to apply shear load in a vertical direction using a pressure plate and rotational pins. Based on the results, the lubricated specimens exhibited greater initial stiffness than the unlubricated specimens. In addition, lubricant oil facilitated the practical application of tensile forces to hexagon head bolts. European Yield Theory was used to evaluate the yield shear strength of each connection method.
ASSESSMENT OF CORROSION IN A PARKING DECK USING GPR
Authors: Islam AKM Anwarul , Neupane Garima
Published: October 2023

This research focused on finding the structural condition of a precast parking deck using a GPR. A GSSI SIR 4000 Bridge Scanner GPR was deployed for corrosiveness mapping of a precast deck. Small concrete slabs were prepared in the laboratory with fresh and corroded rebars to identify their differences in GPR scanned images. The GPR response from the slab indicated that the reflection amplitude obtained from the scan of the target rebar decreases with increasing depth. GPR B-scans from the fresh and corroded rebar indicated increase in corrosion. The field experiment was performed following the standard bridge deck survey procedures. Both numerical and image-based analysis methods were followed for developing the corrosiveness maps of the precast deck section. The corrosiveness map showed a few critical sections in the precast deck. A visual inspection of the precast deck matched the fault locations in the corrosiveness map. The present condition of a precast deck section was found satisfactory except for a few areas of serious cracking that need repairs to control the further growth of corrosion. GPR results showed higher accuracy with the field inspection outcomes demonstrating that a GPR can be used as a reliable non-destructive tool for the condition assessment of concrete structures.
VIBRATION REDUCTION AND ENERGY HARVESTING OF BUILDING STRUCTURES USING ELECTROMAGNETIC MULTIPLE TUNED MASS DAMPERS
Authors: Lin Ging-Long , Lin Chi-Chang , Chen Yu-Jing , Hung Ta-Chih
Published: October 2023

This study investigated the use of electromagnetic multiple tuned mass dampers (EM-MTMDs) to decrease the dynamic responses of building structures when subjected to earthquake ground motions. By using a rotary electromagnetic damper, the vibration energy of each TMD unit is able to be converted into electrical energy. To validate the vibration reduction and energy harvesting abilities of the constructed prototype EM-MTMD, it was installed on a scale-down primary structure. Shaking table tests were classified into three stages. In the first stage, the scale-down primary structure was tested and its dynamic parameters were identified. In the second stage, each of the EM-TMD units underwent harmonic excitations to identify their EM damping ratios. In the third stage, the primary structure was installed with the prototype EM-MTMD under the selected ground motions. The results indicated that the proposed EM-MTMD could decrease the dynamic responses of the primary structure and generate power under earthquake ground motions.
CONFINED REINFORCED CONCRETE VERTICAL ELEMENT DUCTILITY UNDER LATERAL LOAD: INFERENCE FROM TEST RESULTS
Authors: Nuruzzaman ASM , Matsukawa K. , Amin AFM Saiful
Published: October 2023

Vertical elements fail during earthquakes due to lateral load. Carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) can play a significant role in preventing sudden collapse due to lateral load. Confinement provided by transverse shear reinforcement and polymer sheets increases both the compressive and lateral strength of concrete. To test the effect of CFRP confinement on concrete columns, seven square and four circular vertical specimens were tested and results were compared with theoretical predictions at Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology. The specimens were wrapped at the vertical portion on an intermittent basis so that CFRP strips fell at the gap of horizontal reinforcements of the specimens’ vertical portion. Cyclic shear test was performed while maintaining axial compression. The test results were close to the theoretical predictions. The results thus suggest that CFRP wraps can contribute increased shear strength and ductility of vertical elements. High-strength concrete specimens did not reach their maximum strength due to the testing facility’s limitations, but they provided the expected results in the lower bound.
DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF THE FOOTBRIDGE EXPOSED TO PEDESTRIAN LOADING
Authors: Šána Vladimír , Litoš Jiří , Polák Michal , Plachý Tomáš
Published: October 2023

The submitted paper is dealing with the phenomenon of the human induced vibration caused by walking pedestrians. Pedestrians naturally work as a source of a periodic load, which is typically in the resonance range with some of the natural frequencies of the crossed footbridge. Typical pacing frequency of the normal walk is close to 2 Hz. Unfortunately, the most of footbridges have some of the natural frequencies in the range 1.5 – 3 Hz. These values can be easily reached by pedestrians, which could lead to the uncomfortable level of the structural vibration as could be seen at the Millennium bridge in London. In the submitted paper, we are going to subject the footbridge, acting as the simply supported beam, to the theoretical dynamic analysis. The dynamic analysis will be divided into the modal analysis and the force vibration analysis, which is accomplished by the modal decomposition method. This approach allows us to execute direct integration of the independent equations of motion. Total number of these modal equations is significantly less than number of equations directly assembled by the Finite element method. The pedestrians will be mathematically described by the periodic shifting force with constant velocity of motion.
ENCAPSULATION OF GROUND BOTTOM ASH AS SUPPLEMENTARY CEMENTITIOUS MATERIALS FOR CEMENT MORTAR
Authors: Wulandari Kiki Dwi , Sutrisno Wahyuniarsih , Hayu Gati Annisa , Alrasyid Harun , Suprobo Priyo
Published: October 2023

Excessive carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions due to the Portland cement manufacturing process have encouraged the industry to look for more sustainable alternatives to cement. Supplementary cementitious material (SCM) has been widely used to improve concrete performance through considerable research. By-product waste, such as fly ash, has been utilized in many construction projects. It is an effective solution to solve long-term environmental pollution. As one of the coal industry by-products, bottom ash has similar chemical properties compared to fly ash, but it is rarely used as SCM because of its size. Therefore, this research aims to modify the regular bottom ash and observe the strength development of cement mortar incorporating bottom ash as SCM. The pre-treatment process of bottom ash was performed by 4 hours of milling to produce micro-size particles. The chemical and physical properties of modified bottom ash were evaluated before being cast into cement mortar specimens. Various percentages of cement replacement using modified bottom ash were used in this research. The evaluations include X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis, specific gravity, particle size analysis, scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), normal consistency, and setting time. The compressive strength and strength activity index were evaluated to obtain the strength development and optimum composition of cement mortar incorporating bottom ash, caused by pozzolanic activity. The results indicate that bottom ash positively affects the strength development of cement mortar, and it can be used as SCM to produce more sustainable cement-based construction materials.
POTENTIAL BENEFITS OF FUTURISTIC BUILDING MATERIALS
Authors: Oguntona Olusegun Aanuoluwapo , Akinradewo Opeoluwa Israel , Mokono Onalerona , Aigbavboa Clinton Ohis
Published: October 2023

The construction industry (CI) is one of the most important sectors requiring multi-stakeholder interventions to ensure it achieves the sustainability agenda. Such intervention can be the specification and use of products and materials with the potential to accelerate the sustainability agenda of the CI. An example is futuristic building materials (FBMs) which are a set of innovative products and materials with the potential to mitigate and address the environmental impact of the CI. Hence, this study is aimed at assessing the benefits attributed to the adoption and utilization of FBMs in the South African construction industry. The quantitative research approach was adopted in this study. Data were collected from active and duly registered construction professionals. A descriptive statistical method and exploratory factor analysis were employed to analyze the collected data. Findings from the study identified sixteen benefits of FBMs in their order of importance. The findings further identified reusability and recyclability, environmental friendliness, reduced waste generation, low carbon emission, and less energy consumption as the top benefits of adopting and utilizing FBMs. The study concluded that FBMs possess significant potential in aiding the realization of the sustainability agenda of the CI. It is recommended that necessary support and investment be facilitated by all stakeholders, especially the government to ensure the proliferation and adoption of FBMs.
Депутаты фракций Единой России и КПРФ в Государственной Думе: сравнительный анализ карьеры после ухода с должности
Authors: Тев Денис Борисович
Published: October 2023

В статье проводится сравнительный анализ карьер депутатов фракций «Единой России» и КПРФ после ухода из Госдумы. Эмпирической основой исследования послужила биографическая база данных Госдумы IV-VI созывов. Анализ выявил значимые межфракционные различия в посткарьере депутатов. «Единороссы» чаще переходят в административные органы (обычно на элитные должности) и бизнес (заметное меньшинство входит в состав общенациональной экономической элиты). Коммунисты чаще работают в аппарате представительных органов и заседают в региональных легислатурах, избрание в которые остается для них основной возможностью сохранить властный статус и принадлежность к элите после ухода из Государственной Думы. В целом посткарьера депутатов КПРФ носит более выраженный политический характер, чем у законодателей из «Единой России». Межфракционные карьерные различия, вероятно, во многом объясняются идеологией и местом рассматриваемых партий в политической системе. Кроме того, особенности посткарьеры депутатов обеих партий в значительной мере связаны с их профессиональным опытом до вхождения в Госдуму. Наконец, возраст ухода с должности также отчасти объясняет карьерные различия между фракциями. Специфика посткарьеры депутатов может быть связана с политикой партий. Работа депутатов от «Единой России» в административных органах и коммерческих организациях после ухода с парламентской должности способствует сближению политики партии с интересами данных структур. Относительная редкость таких переходов среди депутатов КПРФ, напротив, — автономизации ее политики от соответствующих интересов.
Нарративы о независимости и волевом функционировании: от подросткового возраста к «становящейся взрослости»
Authors: Ерофеева Виктория Георгиевна , Бочавер Александра Алексеевна , Цыганова Екатерина Михайловна
Published: October 2023

В статье с опорой на психологические теории сепарации-индивидуации и самодетерминации предлагается концептуализация понятия «самостоятельность» как независимости и волевого функционирования. Независимость — это способность действовать без помощи других людей, а волевое функционирование — поведение в соответствии с собственными ценностями и интересами. Эта теоретическая рамка нова для российского контекста и может использоваться в социальных исследованиях взросления, возрастных переходов и выстраивания жизненных траекторий.
На материале 30 интервью с информантами в возрасте от 11 до 24 лет из мегаполисов, городов-миллионников, крупных и малых городов России в работе изучены представления о самостоятельности, а также практики ее реализации. Подростковый период и период становящейся взрослости были выбраны, потому что в это время появляется много возможностей для развития самостоятельности, но в то же время существует и много ограничений. Для анализа интервью использовался метод нарративного анализа Д. Хайлса, И. Чермака и В. Хрза в варианте кодирования «категории-содержание».
Обнаружено, что представления информантов о самостоятельности практически не различаются: и подростки, и становящиеся взрослые в своих нарративах уделяют больше внимания независимости (поведенческой самостоятельности) на уровнях представлений и действий, реже обсуждая волевое функционирование, что указывает на социальную обусловленность независимости. С возрастом полюс волевого функционирования усиливается, хотя задачи, направленные на развитие независимости, по-прежнему остаются актуальными. У большинства подростков ведущую роль играет независимость, а волевое функционирование только начинает проявляться. В то же время у становящихся взрослых значительную роль в развитии самостоятельности играют социально-демографические факторы: у тех из них, кто проживает отдельно от родителей, переехал в другой город и/или вступил в брак, показатели независимости и волевого функционирования более высоки и взаимосвязаны. У тех, кто проживает с родителями, преобладает волевое функционирование, а их социализация происходит более постепенно в условиях помощи семьи в решении различных задач.
Полученные результаты показывают релевантность рамки различения самостоятельности как независимости и волевого функционирования для указанных возрастов и позволяют углубить представления о становлении самостоятельности, выделяя их взаимосвязанное или изолированное развитие в разных социально-психологических ситуациях.
Благодарность. Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда (РНФ), проект № 22-18-00416, https://rscf.ru/project/22-18-00416/.
MODEL YOLO VERSI 4 PADA PENGENALAN KENDARAAN DI JALAN RAYA KOTA PALEMBANG
Authors: Oklilas Ahmad Fali , Sukemi Sukemi , Apriliyanto Ridho
Published: October 2023

Setelah didapatkan hasil dari dataset Foto Kendaraan di Jalan Raya Kota Palembang. Pada penelitian ini melakukan training dan testing dari dataset tersebut menggunakan YOLO versi 4 (you only look once). Dalam Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan nilai akurasi dalam mendeteksi objek motor dan mobil.  Hasil Model tersebut akan diuji coba terhadap video rekaman yang didapat dari Jalan Raya. Dataset yang didapat berjumlah 4000 gambar yang berformat .jpg. Dari 4000 file tersebut terdiri dari 2000 file gambar motor dan 2000 file gambar mobil. Hasil dari YOLO v4 mendapatkan akurasi yang baik, hal ini di tunjukkan pada nilai mean Average Precision  (mAP) adalah 0.690423 atau 69.04%. Pada YOLO v4 melakukan proses dengan waktu yang cepat untuk mendeteksi objek gambar dalam satuan second ialah 89 detik.
PELACAKAN DAYA MAKSIMUM PHOTOVOLTAIC DALAM KEADAAN TRANSISI BERBAYANG MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA MPPT QUEEN HONEY BEE MIGRATION (QHBM)
Authors: Aripriharta Aripriharta , Asnarindra Erry , Nibrosoma Ahmad Dhaffa' , Gumilar Langlang , Habibi Muhammad Afnan
Published: October 2023

Dalam sistem fotovoltaik, diperlukan teknik untuk memaksimalkan daya listrik output. Salah satu teknik yang digunakan adalah metode Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) yang menemukan titik koordinat daya maksimum (MPP) pada kurva PV. Namun, ada masalah baru dalam MPPT terkait dengan bayangan parsial pada permukaan PV yang tidak merata iradiasinya. Masalah ini dapat mengubah posisi MPP pada kurva PV dan mengganggu kestabilan pencarian MPP selama periode transisi bayangan. Sebuah paper memperkenalkan metode heuristik baru yang disebut Queen Honeybee Migration Algorithm (QHBM) untuk mengatasi masalah ini. Metode ini meniru proses migrasi lebah madu Riau dalam mencari tempat terbaik untuk membangun sarang baru dengan menggunakan tegangan dan arus output panel surya sebagai inisialisasi posisi Queen dan Scouts. Bobot Scout disesuaikan dengan konstanta yang berubah sesuai posisinya dari MPP yang baru. Queen menentukan arah migrasi dengan memilih Scout dengan bobot terendah dan bermigrasi perlahan ke titik MPP sampai beberapa iterasi, kemudian menetap dan membangun sarang di MPP. Simulasi menunjukkan bahwa QHBM memiliki kecepatan komputasi yang cepat dan kestabilan yang baik dalam mencapai konvergensi, serta mampu melacak daya maksimal dalam kondisi irradiasi tertinggi, dibandingkan dengan metode heuristik lain seperti Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Perturb and Observe (P&O), Genetic Algorithm (GA).Bottom of Form
Aljamiado Literature in Renaissance Europe. Definitions, Area, Language
Authors: De Castilla Nuria , Kulwicka-Kamińska Joanna , Cychnerska Anna
Published: October 2023

Literature written in the local language adapted to the Arabic alphabet and developed under strong influences of Islamic tradition and culture is referred to as aljamiado literature. It is not limited to a specific language or a particular adaptation of the Arabic alphabet for non-Arabic languages. In this article, aljamiado literature encompasses writings primarily of religious nature, created on the Iberian Peninsula, in the Balkans, and in the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania, which includes present-day Lithuania, Belarus, parts of Poland, and Ukraine. The presented research has a pioneering character, focusing on the specificity of aljamiado creativity in selected European countries historically influenced by the Ottoman Empire. It emphasises the similarities resulting from the connection with Islam, as well as the differences stemming from historical and geographical factors.
W poszukiwaniu źródeł intensyfikujących znaczeń wyrazów z gniazda morfologicznego grzmieć
Authors: Wąsińska Kinga
Published: October 2023

The article presents the word family of the verb grzmieć (to thunder) from the beginning of the Polish language to the 20th century. The research material includes 90 derivatives that have been characterized in terms of word formation and meaning within three values: SOUND, FORCE, and INTENSITY. The synchronic linguistics method of word-formation adapted to historical material allowed for including in the analysis words such as pogrom, zgromić, gromot which lost their formal and semantic connection with the Proto-Slavic root they were based on. The analysis proved that the semantic value of the base and its morphological features influence the development of subsequent meanings of words belonging to the word family. The meaning of intensity especially seen in words such as ogromny, ogromnie, ogromniasty is a kind of exponent of the value inherent in their root and is present in many other words derived from the same Proto-Slavic root.
“Into Memory It Is Engraved – In Memory It Is Treasured – From Memory It Fades”. On the Perception of Memory in Conversations With Witnesses of History on the Example of the Archives of the Warsaw Rising Museum
Authors: Przyklenk Joanna
Published: October 2023

The aim of this article is to discuss the ways in which memory is perceived in genologically homogeneous texts. The subject of the research is the word pamięć (ang. “memory”) recalled by a witness of history or by a person interviewing him/her. The texts constituting the Oral History Archive of the Warsaw Rising Museum were the source of the analyses. The linguistic view of the phenomenon of memory made use of such concepts as the linguistic image of the world, the assumption of the genological and discursive specificity of each text, and collective memory. It was established that the use of the word memory by both the questioners and the narrators indicates its receptacle character, i.e. seeing memory as a place where elements of the past are stored, with the image of memory in the narrators’ account being dynamised. The second of the meanings is also actualised in the statements of the narrators, capturing memory as a specific capacity of the human mind, which the veterans subject to metareflection, assessing it as good, weak or incomplete. They recognise its malleable and changeable character. Witnesses also use the word memory in a third meaning, i.e. to recall the memory of past persons or events in order to honour them.
The role of ‘green’ courts in shaping environmental justice in India and New Zealand
Authors: Kowalska Samanta
Published: October 2023

The depreciation of values, combined with the expansion of agriculture, industry and the economy, results in the erosion of existing protection mechanisms, as well as commodification and dominance of economic factors. The increasing degradation of the natural environment reveals an increasing number of areas requiring urgent and coordinated protection. The aim of the article is to present the innovative concept of green courts, which are creating a new architecture of modern environmental law. In the considerations, it is indicated that ‘green’ courts at a national level open the way to formulate new legal institutions, facilitate more effective the enforcement of environmental law, and solve legal disputes with alternative adjudicative processes. The article discusses environmental justice based on the example of India and New Zealand, which are among the first countries in the world to have developed an innovative judicial structure and environmental case law. The dogmatic method plays an essential role in the analysis of legal norms concerning the protection of environment, as well as in determining their content and scope. The source materials originate from various legal orders, and diverse cultural and geographical regions. Therefore, in order to discuss the indicated issues, it is necessary to use the comparative method, and thus complete the arguments of a dogmatic and legal nature. In order to present the origins and evolution of law in the scope concerning ‘green’ courts, the historical and legal method is used (temporal retrospection). The considerations emphasize the role of specialist ‘green’ courts in maintaining a balance between the economy, the development of society, and protecting the environmental wellbeing by shifting the focus of jurisprudence to the environmental domain. The article highlights the role of the application and interpretation of environmental norms from an ethical and intergenerational perspective.
Przyczyny spadku liczby spraw kierowanych do mediacji w postępowaniu sądowoadministracyjnym w opinii sędziów i referendarzy sądowych
Authors: Chludziński Bartłomiej , Pilitowski Bartosz
Published: October 2023

Przedmiotem rozważań w artykule jest instytucja mediacji w postępowaniu sądowoadministracyjnym, regulowana przepisami ustawy z 30 sierpnia 2002 r. – Prawo o postępowaniu przed sądami administracyjnymi (p.p.s.a.). Zgodnie z założeniami mediacja miała usprawnić postępowanie, ułatwiając rozwiązywanie kwestii spornych ujawniających się w sprawie będącej przedmiotem kontroli sądu administracyjnego. Mediacja nie znalazła jednak szerszego zastosowania. Celem artykułu jest próba ustalenia przyczyn ograniczonej skali korzystania z tej instytucji, w tym spadku liczby mediacji prowadzonych przed wojewódzkimi sądami administracyjnymi. Badania obejmują lata 2004–2017, a więc okres, w którym mediację prowadzili sędziowie lub referendarze sądowi. Materiałem źródłowym dla rozważań przedstawionych w artykule są nowe dane pochodzące z wywiadów z sędziami i referendarzami sądowymi. W artykule zaprezentowano ich opinie na temat przyczyn konsekwentnego spadku liczby spraw kierowanych do mediacji. Autorzy opierają się również na danych statystycznych Naczelnego Sądu Administracyjnego. Analiza prowadzona jest z perspektywy socjologiczno-prawnej. Z zaprezentowanych w artykule badań wynika, że przyczyny spadku liczby spraw kierowanych do mediacji w latach 2004–2017 mogą być wyjaśnione na gruncie teorii roli społecznej oraz teorii racjonalnego wyboru. Przeprowadzone badania uzupełniają aktualny stan wiedzy na temat mediacji w p.p.s.a. oraz pozwalają wyznaczać dalsze kierunki rozwoju tej instytucji procesowej.
Ferroptosis: A potential target of macrophages in plaque vulnerability
Authors: Li Yu , Ma Ji-Qing , Wang Chao-Chen , Zhou Jian , Sun Yu-Dong , Wei Xiao-Long , Zhao Zhi-Qing
Published: October 2023

Plaque vulnerability has been the subject of several recent studies aimed at reducing the risk of stroke and carotid artery stenosis. Atherosclerotic plaque development is a complex process involving inflammation mediated by macrophages. Plaques become more vulnerable when the equilibrium between macrophage recruitment and clearance is disturbed. Lipoperoxides, which are affected by iron levels in cells, are responsible for the cell death seen in ferroptosis. Ferroptosis results from lipoperoxide-induced mitochondrial membrane toxicity. Atherosclerosis in ApoE(−/−) mice is reduced when ferroptosis is inhibited and iron intake is limited. Single-cell sequencing revealed that a ferroptosis-related gene was substantially expressed in atherosclerosis-modeled macrophages. Since ferroptosis can be regulated, it offers hope as a non-invasive method of treating carotid plaque. In this study, we discuss the role of ferroptosis in atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability, including its mechanism, regulation, and potential future research directions.
Enhancing clinical reasoning with Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer: a practical guide
Authors: Hirosawa Takanobu , Shimizu Taro
Published: October 2023

Objectives

This study aimed to elucidate effective methodologies for utilizing the generative artificial intelligence (AI) system, namely the Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT), in improving clinical reasoning abilities among clinicians.

Methods

We conducted a comprehensive exploration of the capabilities of ChatGPT, emphasizing two main areas: (1) efficient utilization of ChatGPT, with a focus on application and language selection, input methodology, and output verification; and (2) specific strategies to bolster clinical reasoning using ChatGPT, including self-learning via simulated clinical case creation and engagement with published case reports.

Results

Effective AI-based clinical reasoning development requires a clear delineation of both system roles and user needs. All outputs from the system necessitate rigorous verification against credible medical resources. When used in self-learning scenarios, capabilities of ChatGPT in clinical case creation notably enhanced disease comprehension.

Conclusions

The efficient use of generative AIs, as exemplified by ChatGPT, can impressively enhance clinical reasoning among medical professionals. Adopting these cutting-edge tools promises a bright future for continuous advancements in clinicians’ diagnostic skills, heralding a transformative era in digital healthcare.
Robotic Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Coronary Heart Disease: Applications and Recent Advances
Authors: Song Yan-Jun , Liu Zechen , Song Weihua , Yin Dong , Dou Kefei
Published: October 2023

Traditional percutaneous coronary intervention (T-PCI) has long been an effective method for treating coronary heart disease (CHD), but the radiation hazards and orthopedic injuries among T-PCI operators are concerning. These problems have been mitigated with the emergence of robotic percutaneous coronary intervention (R-PCI), which is expected to increase intervention accuracy and safety. In this review, we first summarize the current status of PCI development, including robot systems, and PCI application and evaluation. Second, we compare T-PCI and R-PCI to identify the benefits for patients and physicians. In addition, we describe a new R-PCI system, R-PCI WSER-CD01, which incorporates multi-instrument collaborative delivery and provides full-process assistance in minimally invasive vascular intervention. This system introduces three key innovations that address safety concerns, and improve the accuracy, wire compatibility, and remote operation capabilities of existing of vascular intervention robot systems. Finally, we discuss prospects for the development of R-PCI. As an emerging technology, R-PCI aligns well with the trends of precision medicine and telemedicine, and therefore warrants continued innovation.
Decoding Reach Direction in Early “Visual” Cortex of Congenitally Blind Individuals
Authors: Bola Łukasz , Vetter Petra , Wenger Mohr , Amedi Amir
Published: October 2023

Motor actions, such as reaching or grasping, can be decoded from fMRI activity of early visual cortex (EVC) in sighted humans. This effect can depend on vision or visual imagery, or alternatively, could be driven by mechanisms independent of visual experience. Here, we show that the actions of reaching in different directions can be reliably decoded from fMRI activity of EVC in congenitally blind humans (both sexes). Thus, neither visual experience nor visual imagery is necessary for EVC to represent action-related information. We also demonstrate that, within EVC of blind humans, the accuracy of reach direction decoding is highest in areas typically representing foveal vision and gradually decreases in areas typically representing peripheral vision. We propose that this might indicate the existence of a predictive, hard-wired mechanism of aligning action and visual spaces. This mechanism might send action-related information primarily to the high-resolution foveal visual areas, which are critical for guiding and online correction of motor actions. Finally, we show that, beyond EVC, the decoding of reach direction in blind humans is most accurate in dorsal stream areas known to be critical for visuo-spatial and visuo-motor integration in the sighted. Thus, these areas can develop space and action representations even in the lifelong absence of vision. Overall, our findings in congenitally blind humans match previous research on the action system in the sighted, and suggest that the development of action representations in the human brain might be largely independent of visual experience.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTEarly visual cortex (EVC) was traditionally thought to process only visual signals from the retina. Recent studies proved this account incomplete, and showed EVC involvement in many activities not directly related to incoming visual information, such as memory, sound, or action processing. Is EVC involved in these activities because of visual imagery? Here, we show robust reach direction representation in EVC of humans born blind. This demonstrates that EVC can represent actions independently of vision and visual imagery. Beyond EVC, we found that reach direction representation in blind humans is strongest in dorsal brain areas, critical for action processing in the sighted. This suggests that the development of action representations in the human brain is largely independent of visual experience.