bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rigenerazione e centralità urbane vs sprawl
Authors: Cerasoli Mario
Published: July 2022

Le aree urbane centrali, storiche e non, hanno dimostrato, nell’ultimo quindicennio, una
straordinaria vitalità e una sorprendente capacità di mettere in atto strategie di rilancio. A
dispetto di un annunciato, ma mai verificatosi, declino epocale del proprio ruolo, le realtà urbane
continuano a presentarsi come un luogo privilegiato di crescita economica e di sperimentazione
sociale e culturale, e si rivelano oggi autonome protagoniste, inserendosi nei circuiti economici
innovativi, attirando dall’esterno nuove risorse, finanziarie ed umane, ed incrementando flussi
turistici e culturali. Molte operazioni di riqualificazione di siti industriali e portuali sono state
completate, producendo effetti positivi nell’attrazione di nuove attività e di investimenti e benefici
in termini di miglioramento della qualità urbana. Nonostante la prefigurazione di realtà in cui la
diffusione delle tecnologie telematiche e le forme di produzione e comunicazione immateriale,
avrebbero determinato decentramenti e indifferenze localizzative, nelle città si assiste ad una
rinnovata concentrazione delle più importanti funzioni politiche, direzionali, strategiche e
finanziarie, nonché ad una consolidata importanza delle interazioni face-to-face, che restano un
fattore rilevante per la costituzione di reti funzionali ad attività lavorative. Questi temi hanno
caratterizzato la Sessione Rigenerazione urbana vs Sprawl.

In the last 15 years, central urban areas demonstrated a particular vitality and an amazing
capacity to put in place recovery strategies. In spite of an announced, but never happened,
epochal decline of their role, urban realities continue to present themselves like a privileged
place of economic growth and social and cultural experimentation. They appear as independent
protagonists, inserting themselves in innovative economic circuits, attracting new finance and
human resource from the outside, increasing tourist and cultural flows. A lot of industrial and
port sites renovation have been completed having a positive effect in attracting new activities,
investments and improvement of urban quality. In spite of forecasts of a reality in which the
broadcast of technologies and immaterial form of production and communication would have led
to decentralization and indifference as to localization, inside the city, there is a refocusing of the
most important political, strategic, management and financial functions, as well as consolidation
of the importance of interactions “face – to – face”, that are a really important factor for the
constitution of a new functional network and work activities. These themes have characterized
the Session Urban Regeneration vs Sprawl.
Verso una nuova consapevolezza dell'ambiente: l'agire collettivo per la definizione di nuovi spazi pubblici della città
Authors: Crupi Valentina
Published: July 2022

La necessità di reagire a situazioni nuove in ambito urbano, come quelle legate gli effetti dei
cambiamenti climatici, sta favorendo lo sviluppo, in alcune città europee e americane, di azioni
innovative da parte della cittadinanza. Se da un lato, infatti, sono ampiamente sperimentate
politiche pubbliche urbane di mitigazione e adattamento ai cambiamenti climatici, dall'altro
iniziano a fiorire esperienze 'dal basso' che si manifestano nello spazio quotidiano attraverso
processi di cura e tutela del territorio promossi dagli abitanti. La traduzione fisica di queste
pratiche sembra mostrare l'emergere di un nuovo tipo di spazio pubblico, dal forte carattere
sociale, in cui si manifestano le volontà ecologiche della comunità.
Queste esperienze, nate in America ma che hanno ormai una larga diffusione in altre parti del
mondo, consistono in azioni più o meno organizzate, coordinate da amministrazioni e
università, ma anche da associazioni studentesche, collettivi artistici e comunità di quartiere, e
si attuano grazie alla presenza di una cittadinanza attiva e ricettiva.
Il seguente intervento sostiene l'ipotesi che simili fenomeni rappresentino una risorsa
importante per la conoscenza dei luoghi e lascino intravedere lo sviluppo di una rinnovata
prospettiva di responsabilità condivisa e presa di coscienza sulle questioni ambientali. Si
tenterà dunque di illustrare gli elementi che favoriscono un progetto condiviso di convivenza
col rischio; delineare e definire quelli che sembrano essere i caratteri di un nuovo tipo di spazio
pubblico; comprendere come la tecnologia 2.0 possa divenire dispositivo per lo scambio di
risorse e di informazioni. Si tratta di una prima ricognizione che però lascia intravedere la
ricchezza degli approcci e di possibili soluzioni.
Permanence of roman toponyms in the middle ages: Castrum Corzani and the first settlement of S. Piero in Bagno, Forum corzani
Authors: Camiz Alessandro
Published: July 2022

There has been a long discussion in the past decades on continuity or discontinuity between the
decline of the roman rural settlement and the small towns and castles that arise, starting from
the tenth century, in what historians have called the phase of “incastellamento”. Recognizing the
widespread presence of praedial toponyms in modern cartography and in medieval notarial
sources, using a GIS to handle a large amount of site names and documents, it was possible to
correlate the site of a rustic villa, Valbiano (Sarsina), with the “incastellamento” phenomena.
Within the distribution of praedial toponyms in the Ager Sarsinatis, some common characters
were recognized and it was possible to correlate sites of rustic villas with medieval castles,
showing the permanence of place names as a base for a “longue durèe” continuity of land use,
through different land ownerships, from roman times to the middle ages. The medieval castrum
corzani (1199) was built in hilltop position and, even though preserving the roman toponym, is
mentioned later than a curte corçani (1177). It was possible to hypothesize the presence of a
walled mercatale, forum corzani (1239) in a valley position, as the medieval fortified nucleus of
the town of S. Piero in Bagno, similarly to the terra murata of Bagno di Romagna, built in
continuity with the Roman thermal settlement of Balneus S. Mariae. Within this walled enclosure
the urban fabric follows the orientation of roman land partition, suggesting the presence of a
former rustic settlement, belonging to the fundus curtianus.
Workshop Barcelona 2014, celebrando los 300 años del 11 de septiembre de 1714
Authors: Pereira Clarissa de Oliveira , Bruscato Underlea Miotto , Vieira Liese Basso
Published: July 2022

Este relato describe la experiencia de un taller de arquitectura realizado por DAS GROUP, que
reunió un grupo de estudiantes (curso de arquitectura y urbanismo UNIFRA – Brasil), en la
Fundación Enric Miralles, en principios de 2013. El estudio pretende analizar la importancia de
las pequeñas intervenciones urbanísticas como medio de transformación y cambio de
significado de un lugar específico. También trata de observar la contribución de este tipo de
práctica a la enseñanza de la arquitectura considerando las diferencias culturales de los
intercambios.
Los talleres de arquitectura son una forma de contribuir en la enseñanza sobre todo por
aproximarse a un ambiente de ensayo y de experimentación, una práctica también válida como
intercambio de culturas arquitectónicas distintas (ni siempre nuevas). Tratase de una
oportunidad de renunciar, aún que por un momento, las metodologías habituales y otras
aportaciones.

This article describes an architecture workshop experience organized by DAS GROUP and
Fundación Enric Miralles, for architectural students from the south of Brazil (architecture
degree-UNIFRA). This investigation analyses the importance of the small urban interventions to
transform a specific place. The study also observes the efforts for this kind of practices
considering the different architectonic processes between different cultures and how this kind of
interchanges works. It’s an opportunity to learn new methodologies.
L’esplosione urbana: un fenomeno a molte dimensioni
Authors: Cecchini Arnaldo , Schirru Maria Rita
Published: July 2022

Il mondo sta diventando un mondo di città.
Un fenomeno incessante e che si svolge a velocità crescente è quello dell’esplosione urbana
che spesso si manifesta come sprawl, ma che non è solo sprawl.
Far fronte al fenomeno dell’esplosione urbana non è semplice, anche perché non è un solo
fenomeno, ma fenomeni diversi per morfologia e per cause.
E allora non vi è una sola soluzione per controllare l’esplosione urbana, come ripete il mantra
della “città compatta” come l’unica e un po’ vaga soluzione.
Governare l’esplosione urbana vuol certamente dire accrescere la densità e concentrare le aree
urbanizzate, ma questo può essere fatto solo comprendendo le specificità dei diversi fenomeni
e identificando la “cura” corretta, con un atteggiamento progettuale lungimirante.
Come pianificare una nuova via per rendere possibile lo sviluppo di questi territori, pensando
alle interazioni e ai legami tra i diversi livelli, le diverse funzioni, le diverse popolazioni, ma
anche fra piano e progetto?
Si può partire dal presupposto che sia possibile ridurre gli effetti negativi del periurbano pur
conservandone e valorizzandone i vantaggi, ricercando dei “compromessi”, attraverso
l’individuazione di una serie di strumenti urbanistici coadiuvati da misure economico-fiscali.
La pianificazione urbanistica non può, da sola, governare il fenomeno periurbano, perché le
convenienze in gioco sono numerose e in capo ad una moltitudine di soggetti diversi; quindi si
deve operare, oltre che sugli strumenti urbanistici, anche su quelli economico-fiscali,
proponendo un riordino del sistema fiscale, integrato nella pianificazione urbanistica ed
ambientale delle città.
Proveremo a indicare come

The world is today a “world of cities”.
In this world there is phenomenon that is an incessant phenomenon, that occurs at an
increasing speed: the urban explosion, that is sprawl, ma not only sprawl.
To cope with this phenomenon is not easy, mainly because it is not a single phenomenon, but a
set of related phenomena, different for morphology and different in causes. Then there is not a sole solution to control the urban explosion, as it is told by the rather
simplistic mantra of the compact city.
The control of the urban explosion needs to increase density and concentrate urbanization, but
we can operate this control only if we understand the diversity of phenomena to identify the right
treatment, designing with far-sightedness,
How to design and plan a new way to allow a development of these territories, looking at the
interaction between the different levels of governance, the different functions, the different
populations?
Uno starting point could be that it is possible to reduce the negative effects of suburbanization,
maintaining the advantages, finding a “compromise” when needed; it implies to combine
planning regulations with fiscal end economical measures.
Urban and territorial planning cannot govern the sub-urbanisation by itself: we have a complex
game with a lot of diverging actors; we must integrate planning and fiscal systems.
We’ll try to say how.
Una città nomade e multidimensionale: il caso della reale Aci
Authors: Maccarrone Maria
Published: July 2022

Viviamo strani giorni, tempi di rapide accelerazioni, cambiamenti sociali e trasformazioni
ambientali stressanti, che richiedono soluzioni contenitive e culturali improcrastinabili. Poniamo
il caso di Acireale, città insulare di circa 50.000 abitanti, posta lungo la costa orientale sicula,
stretta fra l’azzurra ionia marina, il nero del Vulcano Etna e il sempreverde degli agrumi. Il
paesaggio dell’Aci trattiene geomorfologie e memorie antiche. Ricomporne le alterne vicende
significa riflettere sulle “reali” specificità di una città siciliana per la quale è esistita un’articolata
continuità storica di frequentazione in una porzione ampia di suolo vulcanico denominato
Timpa. Nel corso dei secoli, le comunità hanno identificato in questo unico complesso lavico un
salubre avamposto su cui migrare, tendenzialmente da Sud a Nord, fino a stanziarsi sul pianoro
su cui sorge la città di Acireale. In età recente, la maggior crescita edilizia ha consumato
pregevoli parti di terreno agricolo, inducendo uno sprawl urbano verso l’entroterra ed
esponendo la Timpa a grandi rischi generati dalla progressiva assenza di organici interventi
d’assetto territoriale. Questo contesto storico e paesaggistico aspetta d’essere attraversato,
curato e valorizzato per ricomporre di quei valori percettivi che giacciono latenti nella memoria
collettiva. La riqualificazione della Timpa può essere il tema per l’infrastrutturazione geografica
con cui ri-connettere le inevitabili istanze di trasformazione urbana all’improrogabile sviluppo
sostenibile del territorio acese.

We live in strange days, periods of rapid acceleration, with stressful social changes and
environmental changes, which require cultural solutions. Take the case of Acireale, city of about
50.000 inhabitants, located along the eastern coast of Sicily, between the Ionio sea, Mount Etna
and evergreen citrus. The landscape of Aci holds geomorfologie and ancient memories.
Over the centuries, communities have identified in this unique building of lava a place healthy
where migrate, from South to North. In recent years, the growth of buildings has consumed
valuable pieces of agricultural land, causing urban sprawl inland and exposing the Timpa large
risks generated by the progressive absence of organic interventions of regional planning. This
historical context and landscape is waiting to be crossed, edited and enhanced. The project of
the Timpa may be the theme for re-connect the inevitable instances of urban transformation at
the sustainable development of the territory.
Percorsi e terre di mezzo: dai cammini degli antenati ai luoghi dell'incontro e della festa contemporanei: il museo mater di Mamoiada
Authors: Decandia Lidia
Published: July 2022

Il saggio intende raccontare l’esperienza svolta insieme a Studio Azzurro nella progettazione
del Museo di archeologia e del territorio di Mamoiada. In questa esperienza attraverso l’uso di
strumenti multimediali e interattivi si è lavorato per costruire non un luogo contemplativo, ma
una vera e propria centrale “centrale di produzione di conoscenza memoriale e immaginativa”.
Nel raccontare alcuni aspetti della storia di questo territorio, per individuare una possibile chiave
interpretativa, siamo partiti dalle peculiarità di questo contesto e in particolare dal suo essere
terra di confine e di frontiera, e in quanto tale, anche luogo di incontro e di scambio. Questa
particolare identità di confine è diventata la chiave per rileggere la presenza di particolari luoghi
"sacri" preistorici e contemporanei che popolano questo contesto.
Si è scelto di narrare questo peculiare aspetto della storia del territorio utilizzando fonti
documentarie e orali, messe insieme non con un andamento lineare e continuo, ma lavorando
piuttosto, attraverso immagini poetiche e metaforiche per frammenti, montaggi, accostamenti
delicati che, nel rompere ogni associazione sistematica, si richiamano l'un l'altro, più attraverso
analogie che sequenze logiche. Abbiamo pensato di costruire un percorso che diventasse
capace di mostrare più che di dire, di far lavorare l'immaginazione attraverso l'accostamento
inusuale tra epoche differenti, tra l'arcaico e il contemporaneo; di aprire domande e di mettere
sul tavolo questioni insolute anziché costruire teorie da difendere.
Influencia del modelo urbanizador "resort" en los procesos "urban sprawl" y “soil sealing” del levante español: criterios de vulnerabilidad y repercusiones en la Región de Murcia
Authors: Jiménez Medina Mª Pilar , Peñalver Martínez Mª Jesús , Peñas Castejón José Matías , Maciá Sánchez Juan Francisco
Published: July 2022

El turismo se ha convertido en un sector económico estratégico para la generación de riqueza
en todo el arco mediterráneo español. Este desarrollo turístico ha supuesto un significativo
incremento del suelo residencial producido exclusivamente bajo criterios que responden a
pautas definidas por los mercados inmobiliarios.
Una mala praxis en materia de ordenación del territorio en combinación con un modelo de
desarrollo turístico poco sostenible ha desencadenado severos impactos ambientales de
carácter irreversible sobre el medio natural y sociocultural. Entre estos impactos destacan
aquellos derivados de los cambios de usos de suelo tradicionales a usos vinculados a una
urbanización descontrolada “urban sprawl”, proceso que a su vez origina un efecto de gran
magnitud e importancia como es el sellado de suelo “soil sealling” o pérdida funcional del suelo
para el desarrollo de otros usos, como el agrícola y ganadero.
En este contexto global debemos definir estrategias que favorezcan una interacción sostenible
entre “territorio y turismo” sobre la base de nuevos modelos de desarrollo turístico.
El presente estudio tiene por objeto analizar cómo la no integración del recurso suelo en el
planeamiento municipal y supramunicipal está dando origen a severos problemas económicos,
ambientales y sociales que deben ser tenidos en cuenta en la planificación territorial. La finalidad de este estudio es mostrar la aplicabilidad de “soil sealing” y “urban sprawl” como
indicadores de una adecuada o inadecuada planificación territorial, así como analizar la
evolución de ambos procesos vinculados al modelo turístico actual en una zona geográfica
concreta seleccionada en la Región de Murcia entre el año 2002 y 2012.
L’antico sistema portuale ostiense: riconoscimento, interpretazione e divulgazione dei processi formativi edilizi e urbani
Authors: Pugliano Antonio , Diaz Simone , Moriconi Elisabetta , Santucci Elettra
Published: July 2022

La presente Relazione descrive l’esito delle ricerche svolte presso il Dipartimento di Architettura
dell’Università “Roma Tre”, in sinergia con il MiBAC, Soprintendenza Speciale ai Beni
Archeologici, e l’Ordine degli Architetti PPC della Provincia di Roma, circa lo studio storicocritico
del sistema portuale ostiense inserito nel perimetro della Riserva Naturale del Litorale
Romano. La finalità dello studio, condotto da chi scrive nell’ambito del “Programma di Azioni
integrate di Ricerca e Formazione per la conservazione e la valorizzazione dei siti di Ostia e
Portus (Dipsa-Mibac-SSBAR)”, è rivolto alla documentazione, a fini di restauro e valorizzazione,
di tali importanti contesti materiali. Lo studio condotto, pertanto, si è basato sullo svolgimento di
letture critiche delle fonti e del contesto materiale, applicando la metodologia propedeutica alla
progettazione del restauro architettonico, e sulla definizione di proposte operative utili alla
pratica della manutenzione e del restauro, oltre che alla programmazione degli interventi di
valorizzazione. Lo studio è rivolto alla creazione di una sistema informatizzato che consenta,
non solo di indagare gli aspetti storici, ma anche di essere utilizzato come strumento per la
programmazione della valorizzazione e la gestione della conservazione e del restauro dei siti
archeologici.
Rentabilidad inmobiliaria & calidad de zona
Authors: Quintana Jesús , Roca Cladera Josep , Ojeda Arturo
Published: July 2022

El presente trabajo tiene el propósito de estimar la influencia de los elementos de calidad de
zona, en la rentabilidad inmobiliaria; entendiendo por zona, al espacio urbano diferenciado
dentro de la ciudad denominado barrio; y por calidad de zona, aquellos elementos por los
cuales los compradores de vivienda están dispuestos a incrementar su disposición a pagar. La
tasa de rentabilidad inmobiliaria, como la capacidad del bien inmueble para generar renta; la
medida de esta capacidad se estima a partir del Método de Capitalización Directa, el cual se
fundamenta en el conocimiento del valor del inmueble y los ingresos periódicos que genera. La
calidad de zona, se estimada con base en indicadores relativos a: la accesibilidad, el entorno
urbano, la edificación y la jerarquía social. Esta calidad se integra con la maximización de la
presencia de las características de calidad en la zona, bajo el supuesto de igualdad de
importancia, para lo cual se utiliza un indicador sintético que contempla las variaciones de los
elementos observados. El indicador sintético de calidad de zona, parte de la recolección de
información asociada a la calidad de barrio, donde la recogida de estas medidas producen una
gran cantidad de variables, mismas que son tratadas con técnicas de reducción de la
información, como son los Componentes Principales y la Distancia Ponderada 2. La relación
entre indicador de rentabilidad inmobiliaria y el indicador de calidad de zona, se establece a
partir de modelos de precios hedónicos, resueltos con técnicas de regresión lineal múltiple.

The present study aims to estimate the influence of the elements of quality of zone in the real
estate profitability rate; understanding by zone, to the differentiated urban space within the city,
called neighborhood, and quality of zone, those elements by which buyers are willing to
increase their willingness to pay. The real estate profitability rate, as the ability of the property to
generate income, the measure of this capacity is estimated from the Direct Capitalization
Method, which is based on knowledge of the property value and the income generating periodic.
The quality of zone, is estimated based on indicators related of: quality of the urban
environment, the building, the accessibility and the social hierarchy. This quality is integrated
with maximizing the presence of quality features in the area, under the assumption of equal
importance, for which it uses a synthetic indicator, that provides the changes of the elements
observed. The synthetic indicator of quality of zone, part of the collection of information associated with the quality of neighborhood, where the collection of these measures produce a
large number of variables that are treated with reduction techniques of information, such as
Components Principal and Distance Weighting 2. The relationship between real estate
profitability rate and indicators of quality of zone, is set from hedonic pricing models, solved by
multiple linear regression techniques.
Análisis del desarrollo económico y la desigualdad social en las metrópolis de México
Authors: Carrasco Brisa , Monroy Francisco , Cadena Edel , Campos Juan
Published: July 2022

Con el cambio político y económico hacia formas de organización neoliberales, en el mundo se
han propagado nuevas formas en que los gobiernos gestionan el territorio y sus recursos. Lo
que en un principio se promovió como formas más competitivas para el desarrollo económico y
social, a la vuelta de los años se traduce en formas de organización que han fortalecido a los
grupos de poder económico, pero que han generado efectos adversos para la población, al
contar con cada vez menos acceso a empleos de calidad, a servicios públicos básicos y a
mejores remuneraciones. En las zonas urbanas los efectos se traducen en una exacerbada
polarización socio espacial, contrastando zonas de gran calidad urbana y ambiental, con otras
precarias ausentes de los mínimos satisfactores para la calidad de vida. En este trabajo se
analizan diversas variables censales como población, empleo, ingreso y crecimiento por sector
socioeconómico para medir las condiciones de vida en las zonas metropolitanas de México en
el período 1989-2009, considerando este lapso como el de promoción y ejecución de la política
neoliberal en el país. La intención es constatar si los cambios propuestos son en realidad
catalizadores para el desarrollo económico y social, en la población de las zonas urbanas, o si
por el contrario los efectos de la política neoliberal han resultado adversos para la población
urbana.

With the political and economic change towards neoliberal forms of organization in the world
have spread new ways in which governments manage the land and its resources. What was
initially promoted as being more competitive for economic and social development, along the
years translates into forms of organization that have strengthened the economic power groups,
but have generated adverse effects for the population, to have less access to quality jobs, to basic public services and worst payment for its jobs. In urban areas the effects translate into
socio-spatial polarization exacerbated contrasting areas urban and environmental of high
quality, with other precarious absent satisfactions for the minimum quality of life. In this paper
we analyze several census variables such as population, employment, income and
socioeconomic sector growth to measure the conditions of life in the metropolitan areas of
Mexico in the period 1989-2009, considering this period as the promotion and implementation of
policy neoliberal in the country. The intent is to determine whether the proposed changes are
actually catalysts for economic and social development in the urban population, or if instead the
effects of neoliberal policies have resulted adversed to urban population.
Progettare la cittá di prossimitá per promuovere le "capacitá urbane" degli abitanti svantaggiati
Authors: Blečić Ivan , Cecchini Arnaldo , Minchilli Maurizio , Talu Valentina
Published: July 2022

La promozione della qualità della vita urbana passa necessariamente attraverso la costruzione
di una città inclusiva, una città effettivamente "usabile" da tutti i suoi abitanti. Anche e
soprattutto da chi, a causa di una qualche condizione (permanente o temporanea), si discosta
dall'immagine dell'abitante-tipo adulto, maschio, sano, istruito, ricco e automunito e non é quindi
"capace" (o non lo è pienamente) di accedere ai luoghi, ai servizi, alle opportunità e alle
informazioni della città che sono progettate, organizzate e governate precisamente in funzione
delle esigenze e dei desideri di questo abitante-tipo.
Rilevanti sono in tal senso i progetti e le politiche che si concentrano soprattutto sulle periferie
con l'intento di promuovere la qualità della vita urbana quotidiana degli abitanti . Accanto ai
grandi (e costosi) interventi di riqualificazione, particolarmente utili sono le trasformazioni a
scala di quartiere, le "micro" trasformazioni, perché sono in grado di migliorare concretamente
l'usabilità di quella che può essere definita "città quotidiana e di prossimità", la città, cioè, che gli
abitanti conoscono, "usano" (o "userebbero" se fosse effettivamente accessibile e usabile) e di
cui possono prendersi cura.
L'articolo cerca di mostrare perché è efficace e pertinente un approccio legato ad una
dimensione "micro" degli interventi, anche attraverso il racconto di alcune esperienze sul campo
condotte da Tamalacà, un gruppo di ricerca e azione del Dipartimento di Architettura Design e
Urbanistica (DADU) dell'Università di Sassari.

Upgrading the quality of urban life necessarily goes hand in hand with building up an inclusive
city, a city actually “usable” by all its inhabitants.
The kind of project that is important from this point of view will focus on the most marginal areas
of the city. Alongside the large, costly urban redevelopment interventions, transformations on a
neighbourhood scale and "micro" dimension are particularly useful.
This article attempts to show why an approach involving intervention linked with a “micro”
dimension is effective and pertinent, and also describes a significant experiment carried out by
the action research group TaMaLaCà of the Department of Architecture Design and Planning -
Architecture at Alghero (University of Sassari) in the town of Sassari.
La gente de las ‘Ilhas’ y los nuevos territorios del urbano: Programa Especial de Realojamiento (PER), Área Metropolitana de Oporto
Authors: Petiz Paula
Published: July 2022

Este artículo se desarrolla a partir de la presentación del ‘Programa Especial de Realojamiento
(PER), un programa de vivienda social lanzado en Portugal en 1993, cuyo objetivo principal era
erradicar la vivienda precaria de las Áreas Metropolitanas de Lisboa y Oporto, las zonas más
afectadas del país.
Partimos de un contexto general para llegar al PER en el Área Metropolitana de Oporto - el
problema de la vivienda insalubre estaba asociado principalmente a las ‘ilhas’ (Fig.1) - donde
hemos investigado sólo las obras de Promoción Municipal con viviendas de Protección Oficial
para alquiler.
Nuestro campo de estudio principal es el espacio abierto, destacando el concepto de ‘espacio
intermedio’, frente a las problemáticas de la territorialidad y de la sociabilidad en la ciudad
contemporánea155.
En este contexto, presentamos el barrio de Monte Espinho, por tratarse de un caso particular
de la investigación: una vez elaboramos el proyecto en 1994/95, reformulado en 2004, la 1ª
fase de la obra pasa a ocuparse en el 2005 y las aproximaciones a la realidad van
sucediéndose, confrontando el ‘espacio pensado’ y el ‘espacio practicado’.

This article is developed from the presentation of the Programa Especial de Realojamento
(Special Relodging Programme), known as PER, a program of social dwelling launched in
Portugal in 1993, which main goal was to eradicate the precarious dwellings of the metropolitan
whereabouts of Lisbon and Oporto, the most affected areas of the country.
We have started from a general context in order to get to the PER in the metropolitan area of
Oporto - the unhealthy dwelling problem was mostly associated to the ‘ilhas’ (Fig.1) - where we
have investigated only the Municipal Promoted houses versus Officially Protected ones for rent.
Our main focused case is the open space enhancing the in-between space, concerning the
problematic of territory and sociability in the contemporaneous city.
In this context, we present the Monte Espinho quarter because it is a particular study case of
the investigation: we elaborated the project, in 1994/95 and reformulated it in 2004. The first
phase of the enterprise took place in 2005 and the approaching to the reality is going on, putting
face to face the "thought space - the space that was idealized" versus the "practiced space - the
space being lived ".
Plusvalías y regeneración urbana: el caso de estudio del Centro Histórico de Guadalajara
Authors: Arellano Ramos Blanca , Roca Cladera Josep
Published: July 2022

A windfall is any increase in the value of real estate, other than that caused by the owner or by
general inflation, more particularly, is any increase in the value of land arising from a planning
decision. The specialized literature (Hagman & Misczynsk, 1978) has discussed if windfalls can
be recaptured, offering ways to get it, such as land value taxes, taxes on gains in property
value, special assessments, zoning and so on.
The purpose of this paper is to analyse different strategies for returning to the community the
windfalls resulting from changes in urban planning at the historic downtown of Guadalajara,
Mexico. The methodology consists in a review of the existing databases, laws and changes in
urban plans and to elaborate a 3D Model and a Geographic Information System to represent
and identify the "Urban Potential" derived from urban planning and makes an approach of how
the land windfalls can be another way of municipal revenue through several proposals of value
capture instruments. As a result, the study proposes the exploitation of this potential and
estimates the land windfalls for the study area.
The change in the land use from single family home to multi-family buildings, and the
restructuring of services and shops into office buildings and creative activities, as well as the
densification of the area is the aim of this urban regeneration to make a Sustainable and Holistic
Urban Development. The research is original and outstanding because there is no tradition in
Mexico to use the value capture from urban planning as municipal revenue. Until now, the city
government uses only the value capture from public works as special assessments.
The study was prepared at the request of the municipality of Guadalajara through the City
Planning Commission.
Las relaciones trabajo-sociedad: un “nuevo hombre” y una “nueva” sociedad para Volta Redonda
Authors: Assis Renata Oliveira , Lustoza Regina Esteves
Published: July 2022

El presente artículo extenso presenta las reflexiones a respecto de las relaciones entre trabajosociedad
que llevaron a comprender el ideario del gobierno de Getúlio Vargas en Brasil con el
surgimiento del “hombre nuevo” y una “nueva” sociedad en Volta Redonda, a través de la
construcción de la Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional - CSN y su ciudad-empresa. La
reproducción y la estratificación social contenidas en el sistema capitalista pueden ser
refletadas en las jerarquías establecidas en la distribución espacial de la población en Volta
Redonda, que enseñó los diferentes tipos de relaciones que esos establecieron entre los
individuos. Relaciones de dependencia y subordinación que fueron reproducidas en el espacio
urbano. La construcción de la Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional y su ciudad-empresa se
constituyó un esfuerzo en la historia de la sociedad brasileña en transformar el hombre del
campo en ciudadano-trabajador urbano. Para la realización de este objetivo fue puesto en
práctica, en el complejo industrial en Volta Redonda, las estrategias indispensables para la
concepción de ese “hombre nuevo”, que sería exaltado en su trabajo y sumiso frente a un
sistema nacionalista. El artículo buscó comprender la construcción del espacio urbano, a través
de una experiencia concreta que fue el proyecto de la CSN y la ciudad-empresa en Volta
Redonda.

This paper presents considerations in respect of the relations between work-society that led to
understand the ideology of the Government of Getúlio Vargas in Brazil with the emergent of the
"new man" and a "new” society in Volta Redonda, in Rio de Janeiro State, through the
construction of the Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional - CSN and the Workers ' Village.
Reproduction and social stratification in the capitalist system can be reflected in the hierarchies
established in the spatial distribution of the population in Volta Redonda, which taught the
different types of relationships that those established among individuals. Relations of
dependency and subordination that were reproduced in the urban space. The construction of
the Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional and its Workers ' Village was an effort in the history of Brazilian society in transforming the field man in an urban citizen worker. For the realization of
this objective in order to put it into practice, in the industrial complex located in Volta Redonda,
the social changes needed for the design of the "new man", which would be exalted in his work
and submissive to a nationalist system. The article tried to understand the construction of the
urban space, through a concrete experience that was the draft of the CSN and the Workes
Village in Volta Redonda.
Segregación y exclusión urbana a partir de la morfología de la vivienda unifamiliar en fraccionamientos cerrados: estudio en el Área Metropolitana de Monterrey, México
Authors: Soto Canales Karina
Published: July 2022

Los procesos de exclusión social se manifiestan en las grandes ciudades de casi todos los
países, siendo así que en distintos espacios de una metrópoli existen, dos mundos o
realidades, sin articularse y a veces sin verse, la plusvalía y la degradación urbana, los
productores de riqueza y los marginados. Sin importar el amplio espectro de los estratos
socioeconómicos actualmente se desarrollan y consolidan productos inmobiliarios cuyas
cualidades físico-espaciales promueven desde su urbanización-construcción estructuras
favorecedoras de la desintegración urbana, estructura fragmentada y segregación social.
El espacio público, las relaciones sociales, se corrompen, marginan y negocian en la dinámica
urbana, los efectos generalmente se asocian con aspectos diferenciales en el acceso y
asimilación de recursos, infraestructura y servicios (entre más alto sea el nivel socioeconómico
mayor accesibilidad a la diversidad y calidad en los mismos). Algunos autores refieren que la
movilidad social ascendente sólo se produce por herencia o tras someterse a un mejoramiento
en el nivel educativo.
Conscientes o no, los usuarios de los fraccionamientos cerrados (vivienda unifamiliar del
segmento medio) se agrupan o recluyen de acuerdo a características con las que el mismo
mercado los homogeneizó. El fenómeno se analiza al considerar la elección de la localización
residencial como origen para establecer patrones de arraigo, apego, exclusión e imaginarios
urbanos resultantes de los trayectos de movilidad cotidiana dentro de la metrópoli.
Las conclusiones obtenidas a nivel cualitativo y cuantitativo, se producen a partir de una
reflexión teórica sobre el fenómeno y el segundo por medio de una caracterización geográfica
resultado de encuestas y entrevistas a profundidad; que responden la cuestión sobre las
determinantes en el patrón de localización residencial en el AMMty.
Housing sector in Saudi Arabia: a study of challenge and opportunities of homeownership for the middle and low income
Authors: Alhubashi Haytham H.
Published: July 2022

El objetivo del estudio es demostrar e identificar los principales problemas y desafíos
para acceder al sector de la vivienda en Arabia Saudita. Las razones detrás de estos
problemas se ilustran también. El estudio también se hará hincapié sobre las viviendas
asequibles y propiedad de viviendas para los ingresos medias y bajas.
El estudio se divide en dos partes principales. La primera parte provee una revisión teórica
de la literatura seleccionada relacionada con el estudio desde muchas fuentes. La segunda
parte proporciona un análisis de la recopilación de datos. En esta parte utiliza, comprende
diversas técnicas de investigación. Las técnicas utilizadas son: el análisis de una
selección de programas de televisión, entrevistas con promotores, E-cuestionario y
entrevista personal con la gente. Finalmente, el estudio da algunas recomendaciones que
sería contribuir a resolver esta crisis de la vivienda.
Las principales conclusiones son que la mayoría de los hogares vive en alquiler. Ellos
son incapaces de adquirir viviendas es debido al aumento de los precios del suelo y las
dificultades de financiación. El marco legislativo en el sector de la vivienda contribuido
directamente en la crisis de la vivienda.

The objective of study is to demonstrate and identify of the major problems and challenges
to access housing sector in Saudi Arabia. The reasons behind these problems will be
also illustrated. The study will also emphasize on affordable housing and homeownership
for the middle and low income.
The study is divided into two main parts. The first part provides a theoretical review of
selected literature from many source related to the study. The second part provides
analysis of data collection. This part is using, comprising different research techniques. The
research techniques used are analysis of a selection television programs, Interviews with
real estate developers, E- Questionnaire and face interview with people. Finally, the study
gives some recommendation that would help to solve this housing crisis.
The main conclusions are the majority of households live in rent. They are unable to
purchase houses is due to rise in land prices and funding difficulties. The legislative
framework in housing sector contributed directly on housing crisis.
Towards the redefinition of the meaning of the Meuse Valley landscape in Liège: proposal for a landscape experiment
Authors: Szántó Catherine
Published: July 2022

The localization of the city of Liège, in the Meuse (Maas) valley, later the development of its
industries and its port, were all conditioned by the natural geography of its site. Yet today the
site itself and its natural characteristics are seldom perceptible from within the city. The large
scale destructions in the city fabric during the last two centuries broke up its historical siteresponsive
urban morphology. The disappearing industry left the landscape scarred with now
meaningless traces, and no strong alternative vision for its future. While the region is waiting for
“the” solution, for the definitive project that will give it new impulse and identity, the abandoned
industrial sites and many of their surroundings are turning into “non-sites”.
To gain a new vision specific to the valley, one must read todays’ landscape as a palimpsest left
by rural uses and urban developments, including industrial artifacts, overlaid on its original
geomorphology. A “project” approach, such as that proposed by many landscape architects at
different scales, from garden to forest and larger urban development, offers a way of observing
and interpreting the landscape, eventually leading to iterative, local interventions, (“landscape
acupuncture”). Inspired by the site-responsive agricultural past of the valley, the interventions
should lead to a new spatial language of urban agriculture and forestry. Each of these
interventions can turn into a “landscape laboratory”, involving local stakeholders, whose aim is
to articulate small scale landscape elements with long-term place and time-contextual
investment, and thus redefine its identity.
Barcelona and Milan: two cities one architecture: typological similarities in residential architecture from the 1950’s - 60’s
Authors: Lucchini Marco , Jaen y Urban Gaspar
Published: July 2022

The paper deals with mutual relationship between Barcelona and Milan concerning modernist architectural and urban design. Barcelona and Milano despite their different cities morphology and urban history, have similar characteristics.
They can be easily recognized as they relates to many pieces of modern architecture constructed from the early fifties of the twentieth century, when the most significant architects of both cities entered into a friendly, intense and continuous contact. One could speak of a reciprocal fascination between architectural cultures of the two cities, especially as concerns the relationship between architectural design and urban morphology. This relationship was accomplished by means of three remarkable factors: the way a building is located in the urban space, the arrangement of the plan layout of each floor, and the aspects of the building referred to tectonic.
The second one is a recognizable only through a carefully study of plans. Nevertheless it affects the identity of the two cities as involves the people way of living.
We can identifiy typological analogies and organisational similarities in many exemplary residential buildings like Antonio Coderch’s ISM house in Barcelona or several house designed by Ignazio Gardella in Milan. The most remarkable topics about housing types are related to the H model plan, and double winged plan. These types are well-known in some small Italian residential building called palazzine, usually in central Italy but they are recognizable even in several housing building in Milan.
In search of the rational city
Authors: Mielnik Anna
Published: July 2022

Lots of studies and projects about the city today are focused mainly on different types of transformations, leading to “new” urban configurations that will ultimately deal with “new” contemporary and future problems. They seem, however, to forget about the human being whose perception and comprehension of the city is mainly based on its past. There are still some attempts made to address the rational balance of old and new, of traditional and modern, of purely formal and purely functional, of beauty and progressive aspects of the city. The article explores the theme of rational attitude in architecture and urban planning. The author searched for traces of such themes in contemporary developments of the IJburg district of Amsterdam and of the Ypenburg Center near The Hague. These examples may help to discuss the role and critical potential of the traditional urban and building typology in the transformation process of cities and territories that lead to new urban configurations. Both the above-mentioned projects use “old” well known, readable, clearly defined and of human scale urban and architectural types (peripheral blocks, towers, main streets, public squares, semi-private courtyards) as design tools that can provide extraordinary creative and instrumental possibilities; types that represent not only an abstraction of urban and building configuration, but act as carriers of cultural meaning and identity. The author looks to address this question and explore possible solutions that will reinstate the rational city in the present day.
Island cities: a restriction or an opportunity?
Authors: Motak Maciej
Published: July 2022

In literature islands are seen as mythical symbols of distance and solitude. Since cities are certainly physical things, the cities on islands can provide fine examples to consider the real versus the unreal.
The paper is an attempt to discuss the cities localized and built on islands. It tries to pinpoint their specificity and provides introductory classification in order to help distinguish the island cities in terms of their position within surrounding waters (sea, river, lake); size (area and population), urban form (organic, gridded, mixed). The statistical data and estimate figures are used. The historic and geographic scope is not limited. The examples from different continents and various historic periods have been taken into account to provide a wide range of possible tracks of development. Apart from Venice, which is an obvious choice, the selected and discussed cases are Mont Saint-Michel, Nesebar, Flores, Kazimierz (in Krakow), Manhattan (in New York), Singapore. The discussion begins with the genesis of a particular example and follows with its further transformations and present situation.
The localization of the city on the island seems to influence the urban form in a specific way as compared to the non-island localization. The main features of that phenomenon are: increased defensiveness, higher stability, and the focus on careful use of limited land resources.
The city’s localization on the island can be perceived nowadays as a means of restriction against its further development. However, it often offers a chance for their future existence, providing the settlement with stability and self-assurance. It is specially noticeable in the historic island cities, due to their unique urban form and image which have resulted in the recognition of their values and appropriate heritage protection.
Practical importance of the shape of a tall building in the city space
Authors: Musiał Robert
Published: July 2022

The development of construction technology creates ever greater opportunities for designing tall buildings with unusual shapes. So the question remains: what role might the shape of a tall building play in developing a legible and imageable environment?
The paper aims to show the importance of the shape of a tall building for imageability and legibility of the urban environment, on the basis of previously published analyses by various authors, which are part of wider studies on: placemaking with tall buildings, imageability of tall buildings and orientation in the urban space.
The importance of the shape of a tall building is presented in three aspects: its functioning as a landmark, imageability of such buildings and recognisability of a district of the city as well as the city itself.
The unique shape of a tall building has enormous potential for use in creating legible and imageable urban environment. The shape can be used to create distinctive landmarks of different scale and importance to the city.
The location of a tall building with a distinctive shape is important. Constructing such a building in a clearly visible place makes it easy to remember. When such a building is located e.g. at the terminus of a street's view corridor, it significantly contributes to the strengthening of its imageability.
Examples presented in this paper show that single tall buildings with unique shapes are important for the recognisability of a district of the city, and even the city as a whole.