bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Beyond Convenience: The Role of Emotions in the Adoption of Sustainable Technologies
Authors: Thatcher Andrew , Lekitlane Mpho , Riga Divia
Published: February 2022

The slow adoption of sustainable technologies is cause for concern in an increasingly resource strained world. This study attempts to build on two main bodies of research: (1) a general technology adoption framework; i.e. the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) and (2) work on the psychological design for affect; i.e. affective design. The purpose of this study is to report on the development and psychometric properties of the scales that will be used to assess the adoption of the Interface® Urban RetreatTM carpets (a sustainable carpet using recycled materials and possessing biophilic characteristics) in a follow up study. The Semantic Differential Scale developed for these carpets produced a wide range of affective qualities. The scale did not, however, support the underlying structure of Evaluative, Potency, and Activity as proposed by Osgood et al. (1957). The UTAUT scales presented with reasonable to good internal reliability and with the exception of ‘perceived effort’, the subscales were correlated with intention to adopt. Based on these two preliminary studies, the scales will be revised and then administered to determine the complementary roles of the utilitarian factors (based on the UTAUT) and emotional factors (based on the semantic differential scale developed for this purpose).
A Study of Passengers’ Real-Time Emotional Responses and Comfort Experience During the Flight Using an Experience Sampling Method
Authors: Ahmadpoura Naseem , Roberta Jean-Marc , Lindgaardb Gitte
Published: February 2022

The majority of research on passengers’ subjective and holistic comfort relies on the retrospective recall of their experiences. Moreover, studies on the emotional responses of passengers to the aircraft interior are infrequent. This paper addresses the above issues by investigating the real-time comfort and emotional responses of passengers during the flight using an Experience Sampling Method (ESM). The results showed that the real time comfort remains constant during the flight, suggesting that passengers’ first impressions of the cabin could potentially determine their overall comfort. The results of emotional assessment highlighted two emotion groups as significant to passengers’ overall comfort in long haul flights. Those are wellbeing (e.g. joy/feeling good) and prospect-based (e.g. frustration/disappointment) emotions, evoked by passengers’ evaluation of several cabin features based on their concerns for a sense of security, peace and relaxation, and accomplishment. Enhancing passenger comfort should involve improving their experience with those features though fulfilling their concerns, offering higher degrees of joy and lowering frustration.
Exploring the Role of Emotion in the Design Cycle
Authors: G. Ho Amic
Published: February 2022

Scholars have focused on “design and emotion” for more than a decade. Various studies, models, and theories have been proposed and adopted to explore the relationship between design and emotion, and to explain how emotion can be applied in the design process. After the theories are categorised according to the respective focuses, three main components that influence or are influenced by emotion can be identified: designers, design outcome and users or consumers in the design cycle. Based on the relationships amongst these components, numerous similar terms categorised under emotion and design that have clear and concrete rationales and definitions have been developed. For instance, “emotionalised design” refers to design in which designers introduce their emotions into the design process. “Emotional design” is viewed as design that can stimulate users’ or consumers’ emotion. “Emotion design” is design in which emotional concerns are involved in the interactions between designers and users.However, few studies have focused on designers’ perceptions of these terms and of the role of emotion in design. By conducting an empirical study, we investigated designers’ perceptions of three terms, emotion design, emotional design, and emotionalised design, and explored designers’ experience regarding emotion and design.
A Suggestion on the Development of Children’s Safe Clothes Design Using Complementary Colors Effect
Authors: Hee Lee Yun , Min Kyungbo , Eun Kim Ji , Kim Yoolee
Published: February 2022

Some of pedestrian accidents are caused the drivers can’t distinguish pedestrians from surroundings, especially on the rainy/foggy/snowy days and nights. To reduce the pedestrian accidents, some children’s raincoats are designed with evident colors. And street cleaner’s uniforms use fluorescent fabric in the same purpose. According to the recent reports, flickering lights can improve object’s visibility more than fluorescent colors in the dark environment. The purpose of the proposed study is to develop safe clothes design applying complementary colors and blinking and moving LED lights. The implementation technology of complementary color and blinking LED effect for improving visibility of pedestrians that help to reduce the number of traffic accidents. This study contains 3 contents. First, before verifying a hypothesis that complementary color helps pedestrian to be recognized, it needs to be formed an algorithm. Inevitably, general color sensors hardly detect surrounding colors. Unless they are approached to subject’s surface to detect, its accuracy would not have enough effectuality. So, in this paper tries to find the algorithm that helps effective detecting by using camera. It includes computer vision technology and helps to find accurate surrounding environment’s colors. Second, this study developed a children’s raincoat applying technology that detect main color of the surrounding environment and show LED lights of its complementary color. The raincoat would help to reduce children’s traffic accidents on a rainy/foggy/snowy or any type of day. We also developed user scenario in order to explain several situations. The last, we conducted the examination to verify the effectiveness of technology and suggest the possibility of various clothes design. The method and steps for examination are as follows. Build 4 Color sensors(TSC3200S), LEDs, Arduino platform in rain coat. The color sensors attached front, back, right, left sides on raincoat detect each main color of surroundings. Then Arduino platform convert the detected color to complementary color then, show LEDs. This study would be useful to street cleaners’ uniform design who exposed to more danger and general pedestrians’ accessories.
Integrating User Attention for Design Evaluations in Customer-Oriented Product Development
Authors: Köhler Markus , Falk Björn , Schmitt Robert
Published: February 2022

The importance of user-oriented design enhancing Perceived Quality increases. The impact of customers’ emotions on purchasing decisions increases the interest in applying multi-sensorial measurement methods during the product development process (PDP) in order to objectify emotions. It is important that emotional information about products can be gathered and applied by the combined usage of visual impressions with different modalities for capturing and objectifying user attention and emotions. Furthermore, rules are necessary to define a sufficient level of data as well as to communicate it into product development. This paper describes a methodology based on principles of Kansei Engineering and presents selected results of the research project CONEMO. An overview is given on how to measure and to use emotion and objectified data about quality perception for decision-making during a customer-oriented product development. CONEMO aims at a standardized procedure with an easy-to-follow methodology that is based on a Quality Gate systematics which involves customers’ attention and emotional evaluation of design alternatives during early phases of PDP and contains descriptions, requirements, measurement parameters, product structure and function. Specifications were developed to transfer Eye-Tracking data into design requirements to combine both latent, objectified and explicit, conscious data during the PDP. The presented methodology intends to support product designers by evaluating product concepts and innovations.
The Visual Pleasantness in Yacht Design: Natural Lighting, View and Interior Colors
Authors: Di Nicolantonio Massimo , Di Bucchianico e Sefania Camplone Giuseppe
Published: February 2022

The quality of the environment is closely related to the control and the availability of natural lighting and possible views. In the field of yachting, however, the design solution of the hulls and the environments often makes this relations especially critical the availability of natural light and views inside the boat. Anyway, the demands of representation and sociality required, needs the introduction of new systems of windows, terraces and new layouts, to relate the interior of the boats with the deck, attributing new meanings within the social idea of “going into the sea". This is how the small portholes, with the original function of air environments, aspire to become large openings for dialogue with the sky and sea. However, the unstable horizon of the boat, and the dynamic changing nature of views and natural lighting, generate very difficult conditions about the control of the factors which can help to determine the good size of the domestic interiors and their relationship with the environment. The paper presents the results of a research on the topic of visual pleasantness in yachting, conducted at the Department of Architecture, University "G. D'Annunzio "of Chieti-Pescara (Italy). The research has developed a system of guidelines for the aware-design of the openings to the outside in the nautical living spaces, taking into account the constraints imposed by the marine environment, activities and postures of users, as well as natural lighting and views, according with the knowledge that the control of these factors contribute to the overall quality of the project.
Human Factors in the Design of Naval Vessels
Authors: Ivan Zignego Mario
Published: February 2022

Ergonomic studies play a particularly important role in the design of naval vessels. Key specializations, including physical, perceptual and organizational ergonomics, apply to navy ship spaces. The contributions of various disciplines to the definition of naval vessels are analyzed and tested in an ergonomic perspective to continuously seek solutions that enable increased efficiency while maintaining safety and comfort. Ergonomics is a science in a continuing evolution. It analyzes social changes and the new expectations that are generated, to meet them at both civilian and military level.
Seeking Harmony in Shore-based Unmanned Ship Handling - From the Perspective of Human Factors, What Is the Difference We Need to Focus on from Being Onboard to Onshore?
Authors: Man Yemao , Lundh Monica , Porathe Thomas
Published: February 2022

Previous studies have discovered that the tacit but indispensable “ship sense” from seafarers is intensively involved in creating and maintaining “harmony” to assure the safety. The concept of “harmony” reveals the continuous balanced effect by tuning the ship to the dynamic environment under different situations that ship handlers strive for.While the notions of ship sense and harmony is originally created for onboard ship maneuvering, this paper extends it to the domain of shore-based control centers for unmanned ship handling from the perspective of human factors. With the loss of direct ship-sense, the harmony is also lost. This paper analyzes the challenges from having the operator onboard to onshore during ship maneuvering and explores the changing aspects of human factors we need to focus on, in order to facilitate shore-based ship-handlers to regain the harmony. The EU project Maritime Unmanned Ship though Intelligence in Networks (MUNIN) provides the context to conduct the focus group interview of participants with seagoing experience. The shifted human factors in shore-based unmanned ship handling are discussed. The results highlight several differential aspects in human factors that should be considered, such as situation awareness. It provides keys to design shore-based control center for remote monitoring and control in accordance with user-centered design principles.
Safety Concerns Regarding Merging in Tunnels – A Simulator Study
Authors: Cecia Ruggero , Youngb Kristie , Pattenc Christopher , Lennéb Michael
Published: February 2022

The Stockholm bypass project is by far the largest road/tunnel project ever undertaken in Sweden and has been scheduled to commence construction in mid-2014. The tunnel will be over 16 km in length with two parallel tunnel tubes containing a three lane motorway. In the present study a 3D model of the Stockholm bypass tunnel has been constructed for the purpose of visualizing and further testing traffic safety and traffic management issues related to ramps exiting and entering a tunnel. Twenty-three participants with a mean age of 33.7 (SD 11.8) years drove the MUARC advanced driving simulator in two different environmental conditions (tunnel and freeway) and two different speed conditions (80 and 100 km/h). Various traffic scenarios included interaction with surrounding and merging vehicles in a comparison between the tunnel and freeway environments. Dependent measures of driving performance included vehicle speed, speed variability, lane position, lane position variability, lane excursions and time to headway. Furthermore, eye tracking and subjective measures of driver workload were used to compare participant’s reactions across environments. Results suggest that when sight lines were not restricted on the freeway, drivers reduced speed during the first merge event only. For the tunnel and freeway with restricted sight lines, there were no significant differences in mean speed across the merge segments, although even in these environments there was a trend for drivers to reduce speed at the first on-ramp. Overall, it appears that driving environment and the restricted sight lines played a limited role in drivers’ behavioural response to the merging vehicles.
Some Challenges in the Design of Human-Automation Interaction for Safety-Critical Systems
Authors: Feary Michael , Roth Emilie
Published: February 2022

Increasing amounts of automation are being introduced to safety-critical domains. While the introduction of automation has led to an overall increase in reliability and improved safety, it has also introduced a class of failure modes, and new challenges in risk assessment for the new systems, particularly in the assessment of rare events resulting from complex inter-related factors. Designing successful human-automation systems is challenging, and the challenges go beyond good interface development (e.g., Roth, Malin, & Schreckenghost 1997; Christoffersen & Woods, 2002). Human-automation design is particularly challenging when the underlying automation technology generates behavior that is difficult for the user to anticipate or understand. These challenges have been recognized in several safety-critical domains, and have resulted in increased efforts to develop training, procedures, regulations and guidance material (CAST, 2008, IAEA, 2001, FAA, 2013, ICAO, 2012). This paper points to the continuing need for new methods to describe and characterize the operational environment within which new automation concepts are being presented. We will describe challenges to the successful development and evaluation of human–automation systems in safety-critical domains, and describe some approaches that could be used to address these challenges. We will draw from experience with the aviation, spaceflight and nuclear power domains.
Improving the Railway’s Understanding of Accident Causation Through an Integrated Approach to Human Factors Analysis and Technical Safety Data Recording
Authors: Wullems Christian , Dell Yvonne Toft Geoff
Published: February 2022

This paper describes a safety data recording and analysis system that has been developed to capture safety occurrences including precursors using high-definition forward-facing video from train cabs and data from other train-borne systems. The paper describes the data processing model and how events detected through data analysis are related to an underlying socio-technical model of accident causation. The integrated approach to safety data recording and analysis insures systemic factors that condition, influence or potentially contribute to an occurrence are captured both for safety occurrences and precursor events, providing a rich tapestry of antecedent causal factors that can significantly improve learning around accident causation. This can ultimately provide benefit to railways through the development of targeted and more effective countermeasures, better risk models and more effective use and prioritization of safety funds. Level crossing occurrences are a key focus in this paper with data analysis scenarios describing causal factors around near-miss occurrences. The paper concludes with a discussion on how the system can also be applied to other types of railway safety occurrences.
Application of Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation for the Evaluation of Vehicle Settings in a Fixed-Base Simulator
Authors: Wiedemann Matthias , Remlinger Wolfram , Bengler Klaus
Published: February 2022

Driving simulation is a well probed and accepted technology for virtual development in automotive engineering. In the usual driving task visual perception is the most important factor. However, for the evaluation of vehicle settings in the field of driving dynamics it is essential, not only to generate realistic visual, but also vestibular cues for the driver. Therefore, dynamic driving simulators are usually applied, though they are a costly investment.Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation (GVS) creates the impression of accelerations by influencing the human equilibrium organ. In flight and driving simulation successful implementations of GVS systems already exist, mainly with the focus on reducing simulator sickness or to improve driver’s adaption to the simulator.Here, a concept for linking a GVS system with a fixed-base driving simulator is introduced. First, the adaption of the GVS system to individual preferences is conducted. In a second step, the evaluation in terms of objective driving behavior and subjective survey data is investigated to describe the influence of the GVS induced acceleration perception. Experiments are run for the driver as well as the passenger role. As a result the experiment should prove, whether the user is enabled to differentiate between various vehicle settings in the field of driving dynamics, as it would be possible in a dynamic driving simulator.
Ergonomic Issues in the Design of Innovative Means of Transport and Transportation Systems
Authors: Grabarek Iwona , Choromanski Wlodzimierz
Published: February 2022

This article focuses on the design of ‘a driver-passenger’ interface for two types of vehicles (Eco-car and PRT system). However, this solution has different purposes in each case. The Eco-car is driven by a human, so the issues under consideration are as follows: driving of the vehicle by upper limbs only and adaptation of key elements of the interface to the individual features of the driver. The PRT system itself combines some features of individual and public transportation. Despite the fact that the vehicle is not driven directly by the passenger, the passenger’s influence on the vehicle operations is much stronger than in conventional means of public transportation in urban areas. This article deals with the innovative design of such an interface. This research has been carried out as part of the ‘Eco-Mobility’ project, 85% co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund under the Operational Program-Innovative Economy.
Influence of Information Flows on the Results of a Driver’s Activity in the System «Driver – Car – Road – Environment»
Authors: Dolya Viktor , Afanasieva Ivetta , Davidich Urii , Englezi Iryna , Gyulyev Nizami , Prasolenko Oleksii
Published: February 2022

The article deals with the impact of information flows on results of the driver’s activity in the system «driver – car – road – environment». Existing research on the impact of information flows on the characteristics of the driver are analyzed in this paper. It is determined that the previous studies do not study sufficiently the impact of information obtained from the additional sources (bill-boards on the side of roads, cell phones etc.) on the activity of the driver and do not research time of driver’s distraction from performing main activities. As a result of laboratory studies the mathematical model of the impact of information flows based simultaneously on indicators of Electroencephalography (EEG) and EEG and ECG of time of driver’s distraction from performing main activities is formed. Correlations of impact of information obtained from additional sources on time of driver’s distraction from performing of main activity are received. Statistical evaluations of the obtained models demonstrate their adequacy and possible implementations.
Electric Vehicle Drivers Overcome Range Anxiety Prior to Their First Trip
Authors: Mansbridge Sarah , Burgess Mark , Harris Margaret
Published: February 2022

Consumers’ concerns over the drive range of an electric vehicle (EV) are widely acknowledged as the key reason for the non-acceptance of EVs. Yet to-date, the underpinnings of the phenomenon ‘range anxiety’ remain under researched and poorly understood. Pre-trial interview data were analysed from drivers in the United Kingdom BMW MINI E trial in order to explore the psychosocial factors drivers experience vis-à-vis range and to understand how drivers perceive and mentally construct range. Results revealed a four-stage process of cognition, whereby drivers’ preconceptions of the EV range precipitated anticipatory concerns regarding running out of charge, leading to one of four strategies that directly guided their intended behaviour, in a manner that enabled them to avoid experiencing range anxiety. The results are discussed in relation to challenging drivers’ pre-trial mind-sets, in order to change the way in which the range is perceived.
Recording and Evaluation Procedure of Drivers’ Distraction in Accordance with Driver’s Characteristics in High Speed Arterials
Authors: Misokefalou Eleni , Eliou Nikolaos
Published: February 2022

Over the last years, distracted driving constitutes a considerably increasing road safety problem with disastrous results and it possesses a leading position among the accidents causes. The present study deals with driver’s distraction due to out of the vehicle factors as well as factors related to the driver such as age, gender, driving experience etc. Considering exterior factors as the most significant, we can group them in four categories: built roadway, situational entities, the natural environment, and the built environment. Regarding the fourth category, it is related to the wide variety of civil infrastructure, the commercial land use combined with the high vehicle speeds. All these contribute to the setup of a very dangerous environment by increasing driver’s distraction and inattention. This research is based on a medium scale experimental procedure which took place in three urban freeways in Greece, using a sample of 77 drivers. The distraction of the driver’s attention is evaluated via a continuous recording of his gaze which acts as the main indicator regarding driver’s performance. The main objective of this paper is to assess the side effects of roadside advertising and overloaded informational signs to driver’s distraction and inattention. The results of this type of research procedures are very useful as a tool to prevent the forthcoming pressure for more and more billboards and trademarks on the roads as well as to encourage the adaptation of more precise regulations with regard to the road infrastructure, the placement of roadside elements, etc.
Driving Maneuver Prediction Based on Driver Behavior Observation
Authors: Diederichsa Frederik , Pöhlerb Gloria
Published: February 2022

With respect to an increasing amount of driver assistance systems and automated driving functions, a higher chance of unappreciated action and intervention of these systems can be registered, which in turn lowers the acceptance by drivers and passengers. A reduction of unnecessary warnings and interventions can be achieved by making them adaptive to driver’s intentions and maneuvers planning. In order to learn which driver behavior indicates certain maneuver intentions, a rater-based method using video recordings is proposed in this paper. Three driving maneuvers, namely turning, changing lane and braking for a pedestrian who intends to cross the road, were chosen for analyzing their predictability due to behavior observation. As a first step, a driving simulator study was conducted in order to collect behavior data of 24 drivers. Subsequently, clearly distinguishable behavior classes for each maneuver were extracted from video data, resulting in five superior behavior categories with 29 behavioral classes. Based on these classes four human observers were trained to detect at the earliest convenience maneuver intentions. Overall in 97 % of all cases the observers could predict the maneuvers. Inter-rater reliabilities showed to be between κ= 0.30 and κ = 1.00.
What About the Next Generation? Assessing Experts’ Judgments of Human Abilities Required for Working in a Future ATC Environment
Authors: Schulze Kissing Dirk , Eißfeldt Hinnerk
Published: February 2022

With the implementation of the European ATM Master Plan (SESAR, 2012) job requirements for air-traffic controllers (ATCOs) will alter significantly. Especially the introduction of time-based operations is considered to impose large changes in task operations. A controller-in-the-loop simulation study was designed to assess experts’ judgments on the main human abilities required for working in time-based arrival scenarios with different levels of assistance by an arrival-management system. Five male controllers (mean age: 32.5 years; mean job experience: 10.8 years) licensed for the simulated sector performed on one baseline scenario and four future scenarios. Gaze-data were tracked and questionnaires on situation awareness and workload, as well as a modified Fleishman Job Analysis Survey (F-JAS) were applied. The experts judged the ability to identify problems produced by automation, as well as the ability to stay vigilant as being increasingly required in a highly automated time-based environment. The high number of gaze transitions between aircraft-targets adds objective indication: Under the simulated future conditions ATCOs were hardly able to build up attention guiding expectations which are necessary to keep up with the system- and traffic-parameters. This was also reflected in low situation awareness and high workload ratings.
Living Aboard with Kids and Pets
Authors: Solera Valentina
Published: February 2022

This research has a key focus on yachting as a popular family recreation with the middle classes that explains how the performance of the yachting industry remained stable vis-à-vis the luxury segment during this economic crisis. Today, the average middle class family has two children, and companion animals are an integral part of this organization. Animals and children share similar ergonomics, psychology ad behaviors, which facilitates the definition of ad-hoc designs for both. Good ergonomics in yacht design enhances the enjoyableness of the yachting experience for families and pets. The bottom line is a Design for All concept of an inclusive spatial environment. In this research we argue that ad-hoc design helps dismiss the stereotype that people quit yachting when a child is born or a dog is taken in. Behavioral rules tend normally to focus more on survivability than on livability: ergonomics must consistently tackle issues in this respect.
Train Accidents at Level Crossings in Indonesia – A Preliminary Study
Authors: Iridiastadia Hardianto , Umyatib Ani
Published: February 2022

Accidents involving passenger trains in Indonesia are still prevalent. Accidents at level crossings, in particular, have not been declining. In 2013, for example, a major accident at a level crossing occurred that resulted in a number of fatalities and significant financial implications. The impacts of such accidents ranged from property damage to fatalities. This study aimed at understanding the statistics of accidents at railway level crossings in Indonesia. This was achieved by conducting a survey to a couple of government institutions responsible for managing the railway transportation. Furthermore, this study will describe factors related to the accidents by employing Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS). A total of 81 cases out of 134 accidents (between 2006 and 2011) were studied and classified. Results of this study indicated that the majority (97%) of the accidents were caused by “outside factors”, particularly vehicles trying to pass the crossings while the barriers and warnings have been activated. A small percentage of these accidents dealt with operators or technical aspects of the warning/barrier system. Existing road safety regulations specifically indicated, in a large number of cases, that the company operating the railway train might not be responsible for the accidents. Nevertheless, this company (and relevant ministries) could offer a more proactive approach in minimizing the accidents. This includes understanding driver behaviors at level crossings and designing a more effective warning/barrier system.
ColorErg - Color Ergonomics in Fashion Design
Authors: Moreira da Silva Fernando
Published: February 2022

We all have a personal relationship with Color. Often we give ourselves an instinctive color treatment, just by choosing clothing of a particular color, or putting around us certain colors in our homes or gardens. Most of our reactions are, however, unaware and it is only when we begin to use color in an informed way that we can take advantage of this extraordinary life force in order to improve the quality of life and our well-being. The colors we use can provide protection against many physical ailments as well as can give us emotional inspiration. Obviously the clothes also protect us from the elements, being a form of personal expression, protecting us from the world around us and affecting the way we feel and think. ColorErg is a research project which aims to study physical, physiological and psychological color effects, in its interaction with human beings through clothing, underlining the importance of color ergonomics. The main objectives focus on the acquisition of scientific knowledge in the area serving as a projective tool for fashion designers, as well as to contribute, through the dissemination of its results, as a reference to the use of color to users in general.
Use of Virtual Reality in Neurorehabilitation: How the Effects of Immersion and Presence May Contribute to Motor and Cognitive Recovery
Authors: Oliveira Barros Helda , M. Soares Marcelo , Leite Rolim Filho Epitácio
Published: February 2022

This paper discusses the effects of virtual reality immersion in the functional recovery of neurological patients. To do so, we conducted a review of the literature after identifying relevant articles published between 2000 and 2013. The results of this review show that high levels of immersion can cause a greater sensation of presence, which can make some applications more effective. The most important level is the realistic experience that immersive VR prompts the user to have. By requiring to have a high level of sensory, visual, auditory and haptic fidelity, the immersive virtual environment enables the experience in the virtual world to correspond, as far as possible, to experiencing the real world being simulated.
Costume Design: Ergonomics in Performance Art
Authors: Cabral Alexandra , Manuel Figueiredo Carlos
Published: February 2022

The human body, in contemporary art, is used as a means, as it also is in fashion design practices applied to the art field, that explore the alteration of the anatomic perimeter in its impact on the user’s self-image, expression and transformation. Costumes that defy gesture bear a reflection on dress over body and we question how functionality (or the lack of it) can influence cognition – mostly when we expect a performer to feel and express the same way a character does and when the audience aims to feel the same way the character feels. Does the performer become a more reactive user towards dress under the realm of the action field of performance art, if interacting with a «non-user-friendly» costume? Since costume and body cannot be separated in performance art, we explore ergonomics, regarding both physical and psychological discomfort in improving the acting of a performer, namely when improvising or moving and in the contribution to a more proficient involvement with the audience. A noninterventionist methodology of qualitative basis is used, based on literary research and observation on the impact of different garments on a performer’s work, so as to obtain new indicators for costume design methodology.
Sustainability, Interior Design, and Comfort in Youth Travel Accommodations
Authors: Klavinaab Santa , Margarida Ferreiraa Ana , Duarte Pinheiroc Manuel
Published: February 2022

There are numerous claims for sustainability in design, design research, environmental ergonomics, and other areas about human-environment interaction. However high specificity of each area, fragmented research, and various approaches to sustainability have induced the need to discuss the relationship between sustainability, design, and human interaction with involving environment, especially in built environment. New trend of growing number of independent hostels in Lisbon calls for deep analysis of this system. The study of publications, both scientific and public, was made to understand the characteristics of it. This article emphasizes the relations among sustainability, interior design, comfort, and well-being, necessary to understand the end-user of these travel accommodations. The findings are contributing for development of survey to be carried out in second phase of research.
Creating an Ergonomic Solution for Avoiding Errors in Blood Transfusion
Authors: Albolino Sara , Ranzani Francesco , Casini Bassam Dannaoui Rossana
Published: February 2022

The Centre for Patient Safety of the Tuscany Region designs solutions for preventing adverse events in the 39 hospitals and 14 local trusts of the regional healthcare system. One of the most important risks in terms of consequences is the error in blood transfusion. The Centre for Patient Safety adopted an ergonomic approach centered on human factor in order to define the best solutions for clinicians. Thus, the definition of a patient safety practice on blood transfusion has been realized starting from: the analysis of the adverse events happened in the Tuscany healthcare system in the last year about this topic; the analysis of the main phases of the process and of the related potential risks, the analysis of the interaction among the clinicians and their working context. According to this analysis we produced some tools for supporting the promotion of a safer blood transfusion process: a check list with a design that can facilitate the support to the decision making process related to the transfusion; an algorithm that visualizes the most important actions to take to avoid errors during the transfusion; a poster to remind the key controls at the bedside; a patient's identification procedure based on wristbands which layout help an active identification of the patient;. All the tools have been designed with the final users and tested.The authors will present the tools and results about their application in one of the most complex teaching hospital of the Region.
Evaluation of an Optimal Width of a Rear Seat of Sedans
Authors: Zunjic Aleksandar , Lesnikov Vladimir
Published: February 2022

A relatively large number of papers have been published on the topic of designing and evaluation of ergonomic convenience of the driver's seat of passenger cars. However, in the scientific and technical literature, it is extremely difficult to find an article that relates to the anthropometric determination of the width of the rear seats of sedans. The primary objective of this article is to consider the possibilities of positioning of passengers with different anthropometric dimensions on the rear seat of sedans. To make this possible, the research was necessary to start with the analysis of the current situation in the global auto industry from the aforementioned aspect. Analytical procedure was initiated by specifying the identical maximal percentiles of persons that can be accommodated on the rear seat of selected models of sedans. An additional, more complex analysis has included different combinations of accommodation of adults and children. Different combinations of 55 human dimensions and the possibilities of their positioning in various types of sedans were considered. This analysis was the basis that enabled the creation of diagrams of comfortable accommodation of passengers, depending on the width of the available space on the rear seat of a sedan.
Tridimensional Study by Scanning the Variability Anthropometric Head Human Use of Ballistic Helmets
Authors: F. Catapan ab Márcio , Lucia Okimoto Mateus Villas Boas Roberto Waldhauer Maria
Published: February 2022

In the development of new products and improvements adequacy of the artifacts have been a concern for ergonomics, with a focus on the preservation of physical, mental and social integrity of the human being. The high competitiveness and the search for new technologies that distinguish industrial products indicate conducive to the use of new technology as an innovation factor environment. In the military arena, it is known that on the battlefield many soldiers did not consistently use the ballistic helmet due to his discomfort. Currently studies report that approximately half of the deaths in the battle fields is due to projectiles triggered in the soldier's head. However, other studies show that this artifact after a few minutes in continuous use, it becomes heavy and unstable for some users. In other words, it was proved that some soldiers do not wear a helmet when necessary is because even bothers. It is at this point that is the purpose of this paper. Through Scanner Tridimensional with computational analysis tools such as CAD, is seeking to capture images and data of the human head to a previously defined group of people. It is intended to verify the measures are consistent with ballistic helmets currently used in the military and also examine whether there are differences of these measures. With the process of Tridimensional Scanning are obtained with precision details of surfaces that traditional methods Caliper and anthropometric tape, which is not observed because their analysis is one-dimensional. Thus the technique proposed in this paper is presented as a tool capable of providing a differential for the design of ballistic helmets, creating new possibilities in their sizing.
Fazlurrahman's Perspective Islamic Education
Authors: Rasyadi Imron
Published: February 2022

Islamic education, which should be able to answer the challenges of the times because it has multidimensional (profane and intrinsic), in reality, is not able to display its self-image firmly. At the same time, Islamic education is needed to ensure the survival and existence of Islamic society. The purpose of this study is to reveal one side of Fazlurrahman's thoughts on Islamic education because Fazlurrahman, one of the Islamic reformers, tries to find solutions so that Islamic education is more advanced and can answer the challenges of the times. This type of research is library research, and the data source is primary and secondary data. The analytical methods used are inductive, deductive and comparative. The research approach used is qualitative. The results of this study indicate that the background of his intellectual experience influences Fazlurrahman's thoughts. He believes that many things must be reconstructed and reformed in the world of Islamic education, including the goals and the education system. The purpose of Islamic education, which has been defensive-oriented to the hereafter, must be changed to be oriented to the world and the future. In addition, Muslims must take knowledge from the modern West. Fazlurrahman's thoughts are still very relevant today.
Interconnection of Religious Education and Modern Science in Islamic Religious Learning
Authors: Mansir Firman
Published: February 2022

This study discusses the relationship between Islamic education and science at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, an essential educational institution. Islamic religious education directed at schools, especially Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, is a procedure to enforce the basics of faith and devotion to students. Strengthening science and technology allows students to do various things to realize multiple needs in their lives. This study aims to determine the relationship between Islamic education and modern science in madrasas. This study uses a qualitative method. The data collection technique used is a literature study. The data study technique uses data reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of this study are the integrated model is a model of integrating science and Islamic religious education (PAI) in the learning process. The existence of a link between the relationship between Islamic Religious Education and science at madrasah can provide new insights for students about the importance of science and religion in religious and social life.
Assessment of heavy metals in feed and beef in Bangladesh: A safety issues
Authors: MA Hashem  , Kamal MT , Al-Mamun M , Hossain MM , Razzaque MA
Published: February 2022

The study was aimed to assess the heavy metal status in feed and beef produced in Bangladesh. In the study, the quantitative presence/absence of heavy metals in livestock feed ingredients, beef feed and their residues in beef of four district of Bangladesh were investigated.Feeds and meats were analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) for heavy metals such as lead (Pb), Chromium (Cr), Cadmium (Cd), Zinc (Zn) and Copper (Cu). Concentration of Zn, Cu, Cr, and Pb in feed ingredients ranged from 0.124 to 1.209 mg/kg, 0 to 0.215 mg/kg, 0.095 to 0.286 mg/kg and 0.164 to 0.301 mg/kg, respectively. In all feed ingredients mean concentration of Zn was higher than other heavy metals. Concentration of Zn, Cu, Cr, and Pb in commercial beef cattlefeed ranged from 0.313 to 1.261 mg/kg, 0.004 to 0.140 mg/kg, 0.223 to 0.459 mg/kg and 0.218 to 0.361 mg/kg, respectively.Pb concentrations were 0.084 ± 0.046, 0.364 ± 0.202, 0.263 ± 0.056, 0.278 ± 0.089, 0.094 ± 0.0466 mg/hg in heart, kidney, liver, lungand muscle, respectively. Cd concentrations were 0.003 ± 0.001, 2.339 ± 0.712, 0.299 ± 0.221, 0.024 ± 0.005, 0.014 ± 0.009 mg/hg in heart, kidney, liver, lung and muscle, respectively. Cr concentrations were 0.555 ± 0.451, 0.164 ± 0.039, 0.199 ± 0.091, 0.512 ± 0.018, 0.232 ± 0.023 mg/hg in heart, kidney, liver, lung and muscle, respectively. Zn concentrations were 6.059 ± 3.362, 9.984 ± 1.358, 14.776 ± 0.816, 1.567 ± 2.625, 15.883 ± 0.438 mg/hg in heart, kidney, liver, lung and muscle, respectively. Cu concentrations were 6.059 ± 3.362, 9.984 ± 1.358, 14.776 ± 0.816, 11.567 ± 2.625, 15.883 ± 0.438 mg/hg in heart, kidney, liver, lung and muscle, respectively which was higher in different organs of beef cattle. The results indicate that the heavy metal residues in feed and feed ingredients were below the maximum residue level (MRL) values, whereas Cu in different organs was slightly higher. Heavy metal residues in feed were in lower concentrations except cadmium, yet below the maximum residue level (MRL). Contaminants existed at different levels in cattle feed and beef of Bangladesh.
Regulatory T Cells and IL35 in Chronic Hepatitis C Related Cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors:   Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt., Abd El-Ghani Esraa , Afifi Noha ,   Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt., Ibrahim Maggie ,   Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt., Zahran Asmaa ,   Department of Clinical pathology, South Egypt Cancer institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt., El-Mokhtar Mohamed ,   Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt., Mekky Mohamed ,   Department of Tropical medicine and Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt., Hetta Helal ,   Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt.
Published: February 2022

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a fundamental role in maintaining immune homeostasis to balance between the tissue-damaging and protective effects of the immune response. There are strong evidences that Treg cells and their cytokines may play an important role in the induction of tolerance in the liver and progression of HCV infection. Herein, we investigated the frequency of Treg cells and interleukin 35 (IL-35) level in blood and their potential relationship to the various chronic hepatitis C (CHC) complications and outcomes. A total of 36 HCV infected patients subdivided into, CHC complicated with cirrhosis (HCV LC; n = 18), CHC complicated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCV- HCC; n=18) and apparently healthy control group (n=18) were enrolled in this study. Treg cells percentages were determined by flow cytometric analysis and ELISA was used to measure IL35 serum levels. A significant increase in the frequency of peripheral Tregs and serum IL35 level was found in HCV HCC, and HCV LC groups compared with the control group. The frequency of peripheral Tregs and plasma (IL-35) levels were significantly positively correlated with viral load along with disease progression. We conclude that the higher percentage of Tregs and IL35 level in peripheral blood of HCV HCC and HCV LC groups compared to the control group may suggest their contribution to viral persistence and progression of HCV infection.
The Effect of Increasing Weight During Pregnancy on Newborn Baby Weight at Khodijah Daulay Clinic
Authors: Batubara Siti Khadijah
Published: February 2022

Factors that can affect the birth weight of a baby include internal environmental factors, external environmental factors, and factors related to the use of health facilities related to the frequency of pregnancy check-ups or antenatal care. This study aims to identify the effect of increasing body weight during pregnancy on the birth weight of the baby. The research design used in this research is descriptive correlation. The instrument in this study was secondary data obtained from data at the Khodijah Daulay Clinic, KMS for pregnant women, delivery records, and birth weight of the baby. The results showed that the average weight gain of the respondents during pregnancy was 10.74 Kg with a standard deviation of 1.358 and the lowest weight gain was 10 while the highest weight was 16 Kg. From the results of statistical tests with Product Moment Correlation, it was obtained that p value = 0.000 had a significant effect between increasing body weight during pregnancy and newborn weight. And also obtained a value ( r = 0.733 ) this means that the influence is quite strong with a positive direction, meaning that the more the mother's weight increases during pregnancy, the more the baby's weight increases.