bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization of ferroptosis-triggered pyroptotic signaling in heart failure
Authors: Bi Xukun , Wu Xiaotian , Chen Jiaqi , Li Xiaoting , Lin Yangjun , Yu Yingying , Fang Xuexian , Cheng Xihao , Cai Zhaoxian , Jin Tingting , Han Shuxian , Wang Meihui , Han Peidong , Min Junxia , Fu Guosheng , Wang Fudi
Published: September 2024

Pressure overload–induced cardiac hypertrophy is a common cause of heart failure (HF), and emerging evidence suggests that excessive oxidized lipids have a detrimental effect on cardiomyocytes. However, the key regulator of lipid toxicity in cardiomyocytes during this pathological process remains unknown. Here, we used lipidomics profiling and RNA-seq analysis and found that phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs) and Acsl4 expression are significantly increased in mice with transverse aortic constriction (TAC)–induced HF compared to sham-operated mice. In addition, we found that overexpressing Acsl4 in cardiomyocytes exacerbates pressure overload‒induced cardiac dysfunction via ferroptosis. Notably, both pharmacological inhibition and genetic deletion of Acsl4 significantly reduced left ventricular chamber size and improved cardiac function in mice with TAC-induced HF. Moreover, silencing Acsl4 expression in cultured neonatal rat ventricular myocytes was sufficient to inhibit hypertrophic stimulus‒induced cell growth. Mechanistically, we found that Acsl4-dependent ferroptosis activates the pyroptotic signaling pathway, which leads to increased production of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β, and neutralizing IL-1β improved cardiac function in Acsl4 transgenic mice following TAC. These results indicate that ACSL4 plays an essential role in the heart during pressure overload‒induced cardiac remodeling via ferroptosis-induced pyroptotic signaling. Together, these findings provide compelling evidence that targeting the ACSL4-ferroptosis-pyroptotic signaling cascade may provide a promising therapeutic strategy for preventing heart failure.
Palmitoylation regulates myelination by modulating the ZDHHC3-Cadm4 axis in the central nervous system
Authors: Chang Yanli , Zhu Jiangli , Li Xiaopeng , Deng Yi , Lai Birou , Ma Yidan , Tong Jia , Liu Huicong , Li Juanjuan , Yang Chenyu , Chen Qiao , Lu Chengbiao , Liang Yinming , Qi Shiqian , Wang Xiaoning , Kong Eryan
Published: September 2024

The downregulation of Cadm4 (Cell adhesion molecular 4) is a prominent feature in demyelination diseases, yet, the underlying molecular mechanism remains elusive. Here, we reveal that Cadm4 undergoes specific palmitoylation at cysteine-347 (C347), which is crucial for its stable localization on the plasma membrane (PM). Mutation of C347 to alanine (C347A), blocking palmitoylation, causes Cadm4 internalization from the PM and subsequent degradation. In vivo experiments introducing the C347A mutation (Cadm4-KI) lead to severe myelin abnormalities in the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by loss, demyelination, and hypermyelination. We further identify ZDHHC3 (Zinc finger DHHC-type palmitoyltransferase 3) as the enzyme responsible for catalyzing Cadm4 palmitoylation. Depletion of ZDHHC3 reduces Cadm4 palmitoylation and diminishes its PM localization. Remarkably, genetic deletion of ZDHHC3 results in decreased Cadm4 palmitoylation and defects in CNS myelination, phenocopying the Cadm4-KI mouse model. Consequently, altered Cadm4 palmitoylation impairs neuronal transmission and cognitive behaviors in both Cadm4-KI and ZDHHC3 knockout mice. Importantly, attenuated ZDHHC3-Cadm4 signaling significantly influences neuroinflammation in diverse demyelination diseases. Mechanistically, we demonstrate the predominant expression of Cadm4 in the oligodendrocyte lineage and its potential role in modulating cell differentiation via the WNT-β-Catenin pathway. Together, our findings propose that dysregulated ZDHHC3-Cadm4 signaling contributes to myelin abnormalities, suggesting a common pathological mechanism underlying demyelination diseases associated with neuroinflammation.
The role(s) of NF-Y in development and differentiation
Authors: Dolfini Diletta , Imbriano Carol , Mantovani Roberto
Published: September 2024

NF-Y is a conserved sequence-specific trimeric Transcription Factor -TF- binding to the CCAAT element. We review here the role(s) in development, from pre-implantation embryo to terminally differentiated tissues, by rationalizing and commenting on genetic, genomic, epigenetic and biochemical studies. This effort brings to light the impact of NF-YA isoforms on stemness and differentiation, as well as binding to distal vs promoter proximal sites and connections with selected TFs.
Mental illness and COVID-19 vaccination: a multinational investigation of observational & register-based data
Authors: Barker Mary M. , Kõiv Kadri , Magnúsdóttir Ingibjörg , Milbourn Hannah , Wang Bin , Du Xinkai , Murphy Gillian , Herweijer Eva , Gísladóttir Elísabet U. , Li Huiqi , Lovik Anikó , Kähler Anna K. , Campbell Archie , Feychting Maria , Hauksdóttir Arna , Joyce Emily E. , Thordardottir Edda Bjork , Frans Emma M. , Hoffart Asle , Mägi Reedik , Tómasson Gunnar , Ásbjörnsdóttir Kristjana , Jakobsdóttir Jóhanna , Andreassen Ole A. , Sullivan Patrick F. , Johnson Sverre Urnes , Aspelund Thor , Brandlistuen Ragnhild Eek , Ask Helga , McCartney Daniel L. , Ebrahimi Omid V. , Lehto Kelli , Valdimarsdóttir Unnur A. , Nyberg Fredrik , Fang Fang
Published: September 2024

Individuals with mental illness are at higher risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes. However, previous studies on the uptake of COVID-19 vaccination in this population have reported conflicting results. Using data from seven cohort studies (N = 325,298) included in the multinational COVIDMENT consortium, and the Swedish registers (N = 8,080,234), this study investigates the association between mental illness (defined using self-report measures, clinical diagnosis and prescription data) and COVID-19 vaccination uptake. Results from the COVIDMENT cohort studies were pooled using meta-analyses, the majority of which showed no significant association between mental illness and vaccination uptake. In the Swedish register study population, we observed a very small reduction in the uptake of both the first and second dose of a COVID-19 vaccine among individuals with vs. without mental illness; the reduction was however greater among those not using psychiatric medication. Here we show that uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine is generally high among individuals both with and without mental illness, however the lower levels of vaccination uptake observed among subgroups of individuals with unmedicated mental illness warrants further attention.
Reconciling remote-sensing estimates of Ryugu’s albedo with laboratory measurements
Authors: Potiszil Christian , Ota Tsutomu , Nakamura Eizo
Published: September 2024

The Japanese Hayabusa2 spacecraft returned samples from the asteroid Ryugu in December 2020, and several results on the properties of the particles have been published since. A detailed geochemical analysis determined that the total organic carbon abundance of the sample was on average 2.92 wt%. This value is much less than the 14.6–59.3 vol% estimated from remote-sensing data for Ryugu coupled with the albedos of irradiated meteorites and organic matter. Understanding the reasons for this discrepancy is paramount to accurately predict the composition of C-complex asteroids. Here we explore several factors that may affect the estimates of organic matter abundance made using remote-sensing data. Such factors include the distribution of organic matter, the porosity and roughness of the surfaces of asteroids, and inconsistencies between the observation geometries used by remote-sensing and laboratory investigations. We posit that discussing such factors may fuel further experimental investigations of the effects of irradiation on asteroid surfaces and, thus, improve predictions of their organic composition.
Adherence to long-term telemonitoring-supported physical activity in patients with chronic heart failure
Authors: Lödding Pauline , Beyer Sebastian , Pökel Christoph , Kück Momme , Leps Christian , Radziwolek Lukas , Kerling Arno , Haufe Sven , Schulze Antina , Kwast Stefan , Voß Johannes , Kubaile Christian , Tegtbur Uwe , Busse Martin
Published: September 2024

Chronic heart failure (CHF) is one of the most common diseases with a prevalence of 1–2% in adults, disproportionately affecting the elderly. Despite consistent drug therapy, physical activity (PA) is an integral part of current guidelines. Yet adherence to regular PA and exercise interventions is poor and potential predictors and barriers to PA remain elusive. We examined the effects of a telemonitoring-based exercise intervention in 699 CHF patients in a prospective, randomized-controlled (1:1), multicenter trial. The study was registered in the German Clinical Trials Register under DRKS00019022 on 28.05.2020. For both, the exercise and control group, self-reported PA (MET*h/week) increased and sedentary behavior declined during the 12-month intervention period. In the exercise group, daily step count as analyzed via activity trackers remained stable (pre: 6459 [4016] steps/day, post: 6532 [3858] steps/day; p = 0.621). The average number of completed exercise instruction videos provided via an online application was 1.50 [1.44] videos/week at the beginning and gradually decreased to 1.00 [1.50] videos/week; p < 0.001). Multivariate regression model revealed that exercise-related PA (MET*h/week) and exercise capacity (Wmax) at baseline, CHF severity, atrial fibrillation and age predicted changes in self-reported exercise-related PA (R2 = 0.396). Furthermore, the BMI and the average number of completed videos per week at baseline were associated with the change in completed videos over the course of the study (R2 = 0.251). Our results show the influence of certain baseline characteristics as barriers and predictors of PA progression. Therefore, exercise programs should pay attention to patients’ individual conditions to set achievable goals, and eventually affect the adherence and sustainability of exercise-focused interventions.
A nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheet/poly(amidoamine) dendrimer-based electrochemical sensor for nicotine in flavored hookah pipe tobacco
Authors: Makaluza Sesethu , Midzi Nyasha , Olorundare Foluke O. G. , Sipuka Dimpo S. , Sebokolodi Tsholofelo I. , Nkosi Duduzile , Arotiba Omotayo A.
Published: September 2024

An electrochemical sensor based on nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheets and G4-PAMAM-COOH dendrimer for nicotine. The sensor detected 0.35–0.38 mg g−1 nicotine in flavoured hookah tobacco with 113–121% recovery.
Study on confined interface electron enhanced ethanol to hydrogen conversion by Rhodopseudomonas palustris
Authors: Tao Zhengyu , Li Baoyuan , Lin Song , Li Shangsong , Li Luxuan , Huang Xin
Published: September 2024

Conjugated polymer coatings facilitate electron transfer and enhance green hydrogen production by R. palustris@PPy.
Room-temperature synthesis of a fluorine-functionalized nanoporous organic polymer for efficient SF6 separation
Authors: Zhu Jiangli , Luo Danchi , Wang Qilin , Tong Sihan , Wang Zefeng , Yan Jun
Published: September 2024

Addressing the environmental impact of SF6, we synthesized a fluorine-functionalized triphenylamine-based nanoporous organic polymer, ANOP-8, at room temperature using N,N,N′,N′-tetraphenylbenzidine and 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzaldehyde.
Chlorine-mediated strategy for organic photovoltaics
Authors: Qiu Dongsheng , Pu Mingrui , He Feng
Published: September 2024

This feature article provides a review of chloride-mediated materials and their application in Q-PHJ devices. This approach, through innovation in materials and device engineering, achieves a dual gain in efficiency and stability.
Accelerated ammonia electrosynthesis of cobalt hydroxide through electronic modulation with ultralow noble metal doping
Authors: Lei Fengcai , Huai Ruixue , Zhang Menghan , Wang Ying , Yu Jing , Hou Yuhan , Xie Junfeng , Hao Pin , Tang Bo
Published: September 2024

The Ru–Co(OH)2 structure can efficiently catalyze nitrate reduction with a marked faradaic efficiency of 96.6%, and the underlying mechanisms of the catalytic process are also disclosed by in situ electrochemical Raman spectra.
A universal strategy for the synthesis of transition metal single atom catalysts toward electrochemical CO2 reduction
Authors: Li Bowen , Liang Yan , Zhu Yinlong
Published: September 2024

A pyrolysis-induced precursor transformation strategy to produce SACs with flexible composition and high metal loading, showing potential in electrochemical CO2 reduction to CO.
The role of the exact Hartree–Fock exchange in the investigation of defects in crystalline systems
Authors: Platonenko Alexander , Gentile Francesco , El-Kelany Khaled E. , Dovesi Roberto
Published: September 2024

The role of the exact Hartree–Fock (HF) exchange in determining the band gap and other properties of defects in crystalline solids is investigated. Two vacancy-hydrogen defects in diamond, VHd and VHq, are used as test cases.
Theoretical advances in understanding and enhancing the thermostability of energetic materials
Authors: Liu Runze , Liu Jianyong , Zhou Panwang
Published: September 2024

The quest for thermally stable energetic materials is pivotal in advancing the safety of applications ranging from munitions to aerospace.
Synergistic optimization of thermoelectric properties in Cu2NiSnSe4 composited with CuO nanoparticles
Authors: Mani J. , Radha S. , Kiruthika J. , Lakshmanan Ajith Kumar , Arivanandhan M. , Anbalagan G.
Published: September 2024

CuO-incorporated Cu2NiSnSe4 matrix successfully enhance phonon scattering at grain boundaries, which reduces thermal conductivity and thereby acheived a high figure of merit (zT).
Copper cluster complex-catalyzed C–S bond formation
Authors: Chang Liao Nien-Chi , Basha R. Sidick , Shih Bo-Hao , Liu Chia-Chun , Wang Miao-Han , Lin Po-Heng , Lee Chin-Fa
Published: September 2024

Three distinct copper cluster complexes (A–C) were synthesized and their bonding was investigated by XRD studies. These complexes effectively catalyze the C–S coupling reaction of less reactive aliphatic thiols to synthesize thioether derivatives.
Formation of atmospheric molecular clusters containing nitric acid with ammonia, methylamine, and dimethylamine
Authors: Chen Dong-Ping , Ma Wen , Yang Chun-Hong , Li Ming , Zhou Zhao-Zhen , Zhang Yang , Wang Xi-Cun , Quan Zheng-Jun
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the formation of atmospheric molecular clusters containing ammonia (NH3, A), methylamine (CH3NH2, MA), or dimethylamine (CH3NHCH3, DMA) with nitric acid (HNO3, NA) using quantum mechanics.
Hydrophobic CPP/HDO conjugates: a new frontier in oligonucleotide-warheaded PROTAC delivery
Authors: Naganuma Miyako , Ohoka Nobumichi , Hirano Motoharu , Watanabe Daishi , Tsuji Genichiro , Inoue Takao , Demizu Yosuke
Published: September 2024

A novel hydrophobic cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) and heteroduplex oligonucleotide (HDO)-conjugated PROTAC, CPP/HDO-PROTAC, was designed to enhance its intracellular delivery and degradation efficiency.
Generation and capture of naphthoquinonynes: a new frontier in the development of trypanocidal quinones via aryne chemistry
Authors: Figueroa Laura P. R. , de Carvalho Renato L. , Almeida Renata G. , Paz Esther R. S. , Diogo Emilay B. T. , Araujo Maria H. , Borges Warley S. , Ramos Victor F. S. , Menna-Barreto Rubem F. S. , Wood James M. , Bower John F. , da Silva Júnior Eufrânio N.
Published: September 2024

This article presents A-ring functionalized quinones via a modern and efficient new strategy involving the generation and capture of benzyne quinones and their evaluation against Trypanosoma cruzi.
Challenges and opportunities in engineering next-generation 3D microelectronic devices: improved performance and higher integration density
Authors: Singh Niharika , Srivastava Kingshuk , Kumar Ajay , Yadav Neha , Yadav Ashish , Dubey Santosh , Singh Rajesh , Gehlot Anita , Verma Ajay Singh , Gupta Neha , Kumar Tanuj , Wu Yongling , Hongyu Zheng , Mondal Aniruddha , Pandey Kailash , Brajpuriya Ranjeet , Kumar Shalendra , Gupta Rajeev
Published: September 2024

In recent years, nanotechnology and materials science have evolved and matured, making it increasingly easier to design and fabricate next-generation 3D microelectronics.
CsF-mediated reaction of diazo compounds with 3-nitroindoles: access to cyano- and phosphonylpyrazolo[4,3-b]indoles
Authors: Kumar Sandeep , Gupta Ashis Kumar , Vaishanv Narendra Kumar , Kant Ruchir , Mohanan Kishor
Published: September 2024

A CsF-promoted synthesis of cyano- and phosphonylpyrazolo[4,3-b]indoles has been devised through a [3+2] cycloaddition reaction of diazo compounds with N-substituted 3-nitroindoles and subsequent elimination of the nitro group.
Versatile poly(N-vinylcaprolactam)-grafted-hydroxypropyl cellulose polymers with tailored thermo- and pH-responsive properties via sustainable organocatalyzed atom transfer radical polymerization
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad Asif , Mahmood Asif , Al-Masry Waheed , Park Chan Ho , Hassan Sadaf Ul , Akhter Toheed
Published: September 2024

This study explores the synthesis of dual pH- and thermo-responsive poly(N-vinylcaprolactam)-grafted-hydroxypropyl cellulose (PNVCL-g-HPC) polymers via visible-light-driven, metal-free organocatalyzed atom transfer radical polymerization (O-ATRP).
Degradable polyolefins prepared by integration of disulfides into metathesis polymerizations with 3,6-dihydro-1,2-dithiine
Authors: Seong Hong-Gyu , Russell Thomas P. , Emrick Todd
Published: September 2024

Disulfide-containing polyolefins were synthesized by ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of the 6-membered disulfide-containing cyclic olefin, 3,6-dihydro-1,2-dithiine, which was prepared by ring-closing metathesis of diallyl disulfide.
ZnIn2S4 thin films with hierarchical porosity for photocatalysis
Authors: Sigl Marco , Egger Melissa , Warchomicka Fernando , Knez Daniel , Dienstleder Martina , Amenitsch Heinz , Trimmel Gregor , Rath Thomas
Published: September 2024

A solution-based route towards hierarchically porous ZnIn2S4 photocatalyst films combining macropores (300 nm), and nanopores (1.6 nm) is presented.
A simple hydrogen peroxide-activatable Bodipy for tumor imaging and type I/II photodynamic therapy
Authors: Ge Fangqing , Sun Yujie , Wang Yu , Yu Dan , Wang Zhijia , Yu Fabiao , Yu Bingran , Fu Hongbing
Published: September 2024

A H2O2-activatable Bodipy with simultaneous type I and type II photosensitization was designed for tumor imaging and therapy.
A dual-functional photosensitizer for mitochondria-targeting photodynamic therapy and synchronous polarity monitoring
Authors: Yang Liu , Gan Shenglong , Zhang Jie , Jiang Yin , Chen Qingxin , Sun Hongyan
Published: September 2024

A dual-functional photosensitizer was developed, exhibiting potent phototoxicity and sensitivity to polarity changes.
Hetero-oligomeric interaction as a new regulatory mechanism for protein arginine methyltransferases
Authors: Bae Angela A. , Zheng Y. George
Published: September 2024

Protein arginine methylation is a versatile post-translational protein modification that has notable cellular roles such as transcriptional activation or repression, cell signaling, cell cycle regulation, and DNA damage response. However, in spite of their extensive significance in the biological system, there is still a significant gap in understanding of the entire function of the protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs). It has been well-established that PRMTs form homo-oligomeric complexes to be catalytically active, but in recent years, several studies have showcased evidence that different members of PRMTs can have cross-talk with one another to form hetero-oligomeric complexes. Additionally, these heteromeric complexes have distinct roles separate from their homomeric counterparts. Here, we review and highlight the discovery of the heterodimerization of PRMTs and discuss the biological implications of these hetero-oligomeric interactions.
Development and Evaluation of a Rural Longitudinal Neonatal Resuscitation Program Telesimulation Program (MOOSE: Maine Ongoing Outreach Simulation Education)
Authors: Melendi Misty , Zanno Allison E. , Holmes Jeffrey A. , Chipman Micheline , Cutler Anya , Stoddard Henry , Seften Leah M. , Gilbert Anna , Ottolini Mary , Craig Alexa , Mallory Leah A.
Published: September 2024

Objective Neonatal resuscitation is a high-acuity, low-occurrence event and many rural pediatricians report feeling underprepared for these events. We piloted a longitudinal telesimulation (TS) program with a rural hospital's interprofessional delivery room teams aimed at improving adherence to Neonatal Resuscitation Program (NRP) guidelines and teamwork.

Study Design A TS study was conducted monthly in one rural hospital over a 10-month period from November 2020 to August 2021. TS sessions were remotely viewed and debriefed by experts, a neonatologist and a simulation educator. Sessions were video recorded and assessed using a scoring tool with validity evidence for NRP adherence. Teamwork was assessed using both TeamSTEPPS 2.0 Team Performance Observation Tool and Mayo High-Performance Teamwork Scale.

Results We conducted 10 TS sessions in one rural hospital. There were 24 total participants, who rotated through monthly sessions, ensuring interdisciplinary team composition was reflective of realistic staffing. NRP adherence rate for full code scenarios improved from a baseline of 39 to 95%. Compared with baseline data for efficiency, multiple NRP skills improved (e.g., cardiac lead placement occurred 12× faster, 0:31 seconds vs. 6:21 minutes). Teamwork scores showed improvement in all domains.

Conclusion Our results demonstrate that a TS program aimed at improving NRP and team performance is possible to implement in a rural setting. Our pilot study showed a trend toward improved NRP adherence, increased skill efficiency, and higher-quality teamwork and communication in one rural hospital. Additional research is needed to analyze program efficacy on a larger scale and to understand the impact of training on patient outcomes.

Key Points
Prevalence, Mortality, and Associated Anomalies in Esophageal Atresia: A Retrospective Study of Finnish Population Data (2004–2017)
Authors: Alikärri Suvi , Helenius Ilkka , Heiskanen Susanna , Syvänen Johanna , Kemppainen Teemu , Löyttyniemi Eliisa , Gissler Mika , Raitio Arimatias
Published: September 2024

Introduction The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of esophageal atresia (EA), frequency of associated anomalies, and mortality from 2004 to 2017 in the Finnish population. We hypothesized the Spitz classification and the presence of other congenital malformations would predict mortality in patients with EA as well as assumed the survival to be high among patients with EA.

Materials and Methods This retrospective, population-based study was based on the registries maintained by THL Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare and Statistics Finland. The cases were identified and classified according to the World Health Organization's International Classification of Diseases and Health Related Problems (ICD) revisions 9 and 10 (ICD-9 and ICD-10) codes and accompanying written diagnoses. Associated anomalies were classified based on the EUROCAT criteria, and minor anomalies were excluded. All statistical tests were performed as a two-sided significance level set at p < 0.05. The chi-square or Fisher's exact test was utilized for categorical variables. The change in prevalence rates during the study period was evaluated with linear regression.

Results In total, 337 cases with EA were identified including 295 (87.5%) live births, 17 (5.0%) stillbirths, and 25 (7.4%) terminations of pregnancy. The total prevalence for EA in Finland was 4.17/10,000 births with no significant change during the study period, p = 0.35. Neonatal mortality was 5% (n = 15) and 1-year survival was 91.5%. Mortality was associated with syndromic cases (p = 0.002). The Spitz classification predicted neonatal mortality better than cardiac anomalies alone (p < 0.001 and p = 0.6, respectively). Type C was the most common atresia type (65.9%) followed by type A (14.8%) and B (6.8%). The most common group of associated malformations were heart defects (35.0%) followed by other gastrointestinal tract malformations (15.3%) and limb anomalies (12.2%). Syndromic cases (12.2%) were associated with type A and B atresias (p = 0.001). VACTERL association was observed in 16.6% of the cases.

Conclusion The overall prevalence of EA remains stable and relatively high in Finland. Despite the high prevalence of co-occurring malformations, the overall survival rate is high. Spitz classification predicted neonatal survival well.
Telemedizinische Fränkische Adipositas NachsorgeTherapie (Tele-FANT)
– Ergebnisse der formativen Evaluation
Authors: Ahnert Jutta , Hart-Kederer Janina , Tischendorf Rainer , Vogel Heiner
Published: September 2024

Hintergrund Den Patient*innen gelingt es im Anschluss an eine
Rehabilitation oft nicht, die dort erlernten Verhaltensänderungen langfristig
weiterzuführen. Daher ist es wichtig, Nachsorgemaßnahmen anzubieten, um das
Selbstmanagement und den Transfer in den Alltag zu verbessern. Durch flexible
Einsatzmöglichkeiten und geringe Kosten bieten internetbasierte und telefonische
Nachsorgekonzepte die Chance, die Inanspruchnahme von Nachsorgemaßnahmen
deutlich zu erhöhen. Im Projekt „Tele-FANT“ wurden adipöse Patient*innen im
Anschluss an ihren stationären Reha-Aufenthalt über 12 Monate von einer
Nachsorgetherapeutin mittels regelmäßiger Telefon-/Video-Sprechstunde weiter
begleitet.

Methode Für die formative Evaluation wurde ein Eingruppen-Prä-Post-Design
genutzt. Es fand eine schriftliche Befragung der Teilnehmenden zu Reha-Beginn,
Reha-Ende sowie 4, 8 und 12 Monate nach der Rehabilitation statt. Als zentrale
Variable wurde ergänzend zu allen Messzeitpunkten das Körpergewicht
(Fremdmessung durch den*die Hausarzt*ärztin) zur Berechnung der prozentualen
Gewichtsabnahme von Reha-Beginn erhoben. Es wurden deskriptive Kennwerte, sowie
Mittelwertsdifferenzen und Standardized Effect Size (SES) zu den
Post-Messzeitpunkten berechnet.

Ergebnisse Es konnten 47 adipöse Rehabilitand*innen (mittlerer BMI=44,56,
SD=7,23) der Frankenlandklinik Bad Windsheim für die Teilnahme am
Nachsorgeprogramm gewonnen werden. Das komplette Programm bis zur
12-Monat-Katamnese durchliefen 30 Teilnehmende (Drop-Out: 36,2%). Für die
formalen Abläufe als auch die Inhalte des Nachsorgeprogramms zeigte sich eine
hohe Akzeptanz bei den verbleibenden Teilnehmenden. Eine Gewichtsabnahme um
mind. 10% wurde zur 12-Monats-Katamnese von 13 Teilnehmenden (50%) erreicht,
weitere 4 Teilnehmende (15,4%) haben 5 bis 9,99% abgenommen. Die Teilnehmenden
konnten den BMI seit Reha-Beginn durchschnittlich um insgesamt 4,45 BMI-Punkte
von 43,69 (SD=7,25) auf 39,24 (SD=7,25) reduzieren (mittlere Effektstärke:
SES=0,61).

Schlussfolgerung Das Nachsorgeprogramm „Tele-FANT“ zeigt in der formativen
Evaluation eine gute Machbarkeit und vielversprechende Ergebnisse bezüglich des
Ziels der Gewichtsreduktion/-stabilisierung. Die hohe Drop-Out-Rate weist
allerdings darauf hin, dass ein Teil der Teilnehmenden mit dem Programm nicht
zufrieden war oder nicht den gewünschten Erfolg erzielen konnte. Nächster
Schritt wäre, die Wirksamkeit des Nachsorgekonzepts „Tele-FANT“ in einer
randomisierten Kontrollgruppenstudie zu überprüfen.
In vitro Examination of the Bond Strength of PEEK and PEKK Materials Used as Substructure Materials with the Superstructure Composite before and after Artificial Aging and Examination of Scanning Electron Microscope Images
Authors: Kocer Merve Ustek , Apak Ayşe
Published: September 2024

Objective This study aims to evaluate the bond strength of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) materials when used as substructures with composite superstructures, before and after artificial aging. Surface treatments, including sanding and sandblasting, were examined to determine their impact on bond strength and surface topography.

Materials and Methods Sixty samples, divided equally between PEEK and PEKK, were prepared. Each group was further divided into three subgroups (n = 10): control, 10,000 thermal cycles, and 30,000 thermal cycles. The samples were subjected to surface treatments using 600-, 800-, and 1,200-grit silicon carbide wet sandpaper, followed by air abrasion with 110 µm alumina particles. Bond strength tests were conducted using an INSTRON-3345 universal testing machine, and failure types were analyzed under a stereomicroscope.

Results Sandblasting with 110 µm aluminum oxide (Al2O3) significantly increased the bond strength of both PEEK and PEKK materials compared with sanding. PEEK samples treated with sandblasting showed the highest bond strength (mean = 1.296 MPa), while PEKK samples treated with sanding had the lowest (mean = 0.056 MPa). Thermal cycling reduced bond strength in both materials, with a more pronounced decrease observed in the 30,000 cycle groups. analysis of variance results indicated significant differences in bond strength based on the material, surface treatment, and the interaction between these factors.

Conclusion Sandblasting with 110 µm Al2O3 is an effective method for enhancing the bond strength of PEEK and PEKK substructures with composite materials. These findings support the continued use of PEEK and PEKK polymers in dental applications, suggesting that appropriate surface treatments can significantly improve clinical outcomes.
Impact of Tonsillectomy and Associated Factors on Voice
Authors: Araki Naoto , Godo Shino , Hirano Yusuke , Fukase Ryo , Kurakami Kazuya , Sakurai Shinichi
Published: September 2024

Tonsillectomy is commonly performed to treat repetitive tonsillitis. Tonsillectomy changes the shape and characteristics of the pharynx. It could also alter the resonating characteristics of the pharynx and affect the voice of the patient. We examined voice changes in patients undergoing tonsillectomy. A total of 33 adult patients who underwent tonsillectomy at our institution between July 2020 and December 2021 were included in the study. The participants consisted of 16 men and 17 women, with a mean ± standard deviation age of 33.7 ± 10.7 years. We measured the maximum phonation time, acoustic analysis values (jitter%, shimmer%, and noise-to-harmonic ratio [NHR]), speaking fundamental frequency and vocal range, first four formants (F1–F4) in the sustained vowel /a/, and Voice Handicap Index (VHI). We examined whether any changes occurring 3 months after the surgery compared with the findings before the surgery. The shimmer% and NHR decreased significantly after surgery compared with the observations prior to surgery. Among women, the speaking fundamental frequency tended to increase, and the F2 significantly increased after the surgery compared with that prior to surgery. Removal of the swollen tonsils reduced the resistance of the supraglottic space and resulted in a lower laryngeal adduction force required for phonation. The decreases in the shimmer% and NHR were attributed to a reduction in the turbulence in the supraglottic space. The change in the shape of the pharynx caused changes in the speaking fundamental frequency and formants. The changes were thought to be influenced by the size of the patient's pharyngeal cavity, volume of the tonsils, and scarring of the pharyngeal mucosa. Patients should be informed before surgery of the possibility of voice changes.
Head of state immunity, order, justice and the international criminal court: limits of international criminal justice in international society
Authors: Killingsworth Matt
Published: September 2024

The post-Cold War international justice project is underpinned by the goal of overcoming impunity, an important part of which involves setting aside the historically evolved norm that rank or station will protect individuals from criminal responsibility. One of the primary forums where this plays out is the international criminal court. International relations theory is generally absent from discussions about the degree to which tensions between the legally evolved immunity for heads of state and the emerging idea that gross violations of human rights should trump claims of immunity, inform the relationship between order and justice. This paper proposes that the English School of International Relations provides the ideal framework to overcome this theoretical absence, and that in turn it is best suited to explain competing explanations of this tension, as it relates to order and justice, and broader limitations of the international criminal justice project.
Nonlinear, elastic, piezoelectric, electrostrictive, and dielectric constants of lithium tantalate
Authors: Cho Yasuo , Nakagawa Ryo , Yoneda Toshimaro , Nakao Takeshi , Ikeura Mamoru
Published: September 2024

Three third-order dielectric constants, 8 electrostrictive constants, 13 third-order piezoelectric constants, and 14 third-order elastic constants for lithium tantalate (LiTaO3) single crystals, which are mainly used in surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices, were determined as part of basic research to realize SAW devices with a low degree of nonlinearity. The third-order dielectric constants were determined by measuring the change in capacitance along selected directions when an alternating electric field was applied to the crystal. The electrostrictive constants were determined by measuring the change in capacitance when static stress was applied. Some of the piezoelectric constants were determined directly from the change in sound velocity due to the application of an alternating electric field, whereas others were obtained from the measured dielectric constants, electrostrictive constants, and the change in sound velocity due to an alternating electric field. In addition, the elastic constants (compliance) were determined using the three aforementioned determined nonlinear constants and the measured small-amplitude ultrasonic velocity change as a function of applied static stress. The measurements performed in the present study are more advanced than those reported for LiNbO3 single crystals in 1987 due to the adoption of the d-form nonlinear piezoelectric equation (instead of the e-form) and a higher degree of precision using dynamic measurement methods. The use of the d-form of the nonlinear piezoelectric equation allows many nonlinear constants to be determined independently from other nonlinear constants, eliminating measurement errors associated with these other constants. The d-form nonlinear constants obtained in the present study were converted to e-form constants to make them applicable to the analysis of nonlinear phenomena in piezoelectric devices.
Growth and ferroelectric properties of Al substituted BiFeO3 epitaxial thin films
Authors: Joshi Chhatra R. , Acharya Mahendra , Mankey Gary J. , Gupta Arunava
Published: September 2024

Epitaxial films of BiAlxFe1−xO3 (xBAFO) were grown on SrTiO3 (STO) and SrRuO3 buffered STO substrates using pulsed laser deposition. To understand the effects of Al substitution at the Fe-site of BFO, we systematically investigated its impact on the material’s crystal structure, surface morphology, ferroelectric properties, and magnetic properties. Our x-ray diffraction analysis revealed that phase-pure xBAFO films can be stabilized for Al concentrations between 0% and 35%, without the formation of secondary phases, due to the isotypic crystal structures of BiAlO3 and BiFeO3. This allowed the rhombohedral structure of BAFO to be preserved. We then characterized the ferroelectric properties of xBAFO (0≤x≤0.25 ) by analyzing polarization-voltage hysteresis loops, which exhibited a transition from a nearly square shape to a more slanted shape with increasing Al substitution. Additionally, piezoresponse force microscopy revealed that the domain growth mode, shape, size, dimension, and nucleation play a crucial role in the switching behavior of ferroelectric materials. Furthermore, we observed a modest enhancement in magnetization due to the modified spin ordering of Fe atoms with Al substitution. Notably, the optimal ferroelectric and magnetic properties were achieved at an Al concentration of 15%. These findings suggest that BAFO is a promising magnetoelectric material with desired functionalities for realizing BFO-based next-generation non-volatile memory devices.
Experimental investigation of the self-excited oscillation characteristics of a supercritical aviation kerosene jet in a swirling flow field
Authors: Shi Pengyu , Jiang Yuguang , Wang Zhisheng , Liao Yang , Zhang Qibin , Fan Wei
Published: September 2024

As the pressure ratio and the turbine inlet temperature keep increasing in high performance aero-engines, the kerosene injected into the combustion chamber becomes supercritical. Thus, the traditional self-excited oscillations of the kerosene jets in the fuel–gas mixing are much more pronounced because of the drastic changes in the kerosene thermal properties, which may exacerbate the combustion instability and threaten engine efficiency and safety. In this work, an experimental study was carried out on the self-excited oscillation phenomena of supercritical kerosene injected into a swirling flow field. The injection of supercritical kerosene under different operating conditions was studied using the Schlieren technique and the proper orthogonal decomposition method. The results present that the mixing dominated oscillations of the kerosene jet are induced by the fuel–gas interaction. While the condensation dominated oscillations are due to the phase change of supercritical kerosene in the subcritical environment and the swirling flow field. The spatial distribution of the self-excited oscillations is found to be highly related to the velocity magnitude, instead of the variations in the injection temperature and pressure. The self-excited oscillations are easier to be induced in a low velocity flow field and the oscillation region moves closer to the upstream. Thermal properties also show distinct influences on the injection. At the near-critical region, the suppression effects of high injection pressure on the high-frequency (>100 Hz) self-excited oscillations are much more distinct.
Modeling the hydrodynamic interaction of two chiral organisms
Authors: Xu Jianbao , Ouyang Zhenyu , Lin Jianzhong , Nie Deming
Published: September 2024

The hydrodynamic interaction between two chiral organisms (chirality parameter 0 ≤ C2 ≤ 10) swimming toward each other is investigated using the lattice Boltzmann method over a Reynolds number range of 0.01 ≤ Re ≤ 5, with the swimming parameter β = ±5. Our findings reveal that in a finite inertial flow regime, with a low C2 for chiral squirmers, enhancing the C2 leads to a strengthened attraction between pullers (a type of squirmer) and other chiral squirmers. Simultaneously, this strengthening reduces the repulsive tendencies observed in pushers (another type of squirmer). Beyond a certain threshold (C2 ≥ 5), an increase in the C2 causes the flow field generated by a pusher to resemble that of a puller, there by initiating an attractive influence on another squirmer. At this point, with an increase in C2, the mutual attraction between pullers and pushers intensifies. Moreover, as the C2 continues to increase, the duration of the intense interaction between colliding pullers or pushers steadily diminishes, contrasting with the increased duration of the intense interaction between non-colliding pushers. These empirical insights substantively enhance our comprehension and empirical investigation of collective behavioral dynamics in chiral microorganisms.
Temperature behavior of the velocity autocorrelation function in large MD models of water
Authors: Anikeenko A. V. , Naberukhin Yu. I.
Published: September 2024

Velocity autocorrelation functions (VACFs) were calculated using the molecular dynamics method in the TIP4P/2005 and SPC/E water models of 157 464 molecules at temperatures ranging from 250 to 370 K. The large size of the models and the high accuracy of the calculations allow us to reliably compute the long-time tails of the VACFs, showing that they systematically change shape from hydrodynamic (argon-like) at high temperatures to that typical of supercooled liquids at low temperatures. These tails in the range of 2–10 ps can be well fitted by a combination of two power functions: At−3/2 – Bt−β (A, B > 0, β ≈ 2). It is found that the amplitude of the hydrodynamic asymptote, A, approaches zero as the temperature decreases, thereby rendering the negative power-law decay,−Bt−2, the dominant term within the specified time interval. The presence of a negative −Bt−2 decay in the time interval of 2–10 ps determines the specific shape of the VACF long-time tail of water, distinguishing it from ordinary simple liquids. The amplitude B, which is always non-zero, demonstrates a slight increase with rising temperature. At medium temperatures, weak but well-defined damped oscillations are observed on the VACF in the 0.5–2 ps interval.
Ordered breath figures on a volatile liquid surface of pure dichloromethane
Authors: Liu Wenyong , He Zikang , Lin Xianchang , Yang Yunlong , Chen Yi
Published: September 2024

When water vapor comes into contact with a cold surface, it condenses into water droplets. This natural phenomenon is called breath figures (BFs). Interestingly, ordered BFs can be formed on a volatile liquid surface. Different volatile liquids can induce different BFs, but the growth process of ordered BFs is not fully understood. Although it is believed that BFs can form on the surface of a volatile liquid, such as dichloromethane, there is little experimental evidence to support this claim. Herein, the growth of BFs on a surface of pure dichloromethane without any polymer was observed in situ by an optical microscope (OM) in a static humid environment. The OM images were analyzed to obtain details, and the ordered breath figure arrays (BFAs) were observed on the volatile liquid surface. It is found that there are three distinct power-law growth exponents, and the growth of BFs followed a single droplet growth before coalescing. Moreover, it was observed that water droplets were rapidly moving throughout the water droplet growth. The growth dynamics of BFs on the volatile surface of pure dichloromethane have unique characteristics, which are different from the reported results on nonvolatile surfaces, volatile solutions with polymer, and pure carbon disulfide. These results provide direct evidence for ordered BFs from pure dichloromethane and help explain the mechanism of ordered BFs on volatile liquid surfaces.
Vision-based mixed color detection of plastic particles
Authors: Yu Yinyin , Hou Huaishu , Zhao Zhifan , Xu Hongsheng , Fan Zhao , Xia Shuaijun , Jiao Chaofei , Li Xinru
Published: September 2024

In the production process of high-end PP-R pipes, mixing different colored raw material particles can result in uneven color in the final product, affecting its appearance quality. in addition, color mixing can reduce the physical properties of the pipes, impacting their durability and safety. To address this issue, we propose a visual, non-destructive inspection solution based on image processing technology. The solution aims to enhance detection efficiency and accuracy by reducing background interference and enabling adaptive adjustments in various environments. Initially, the K-Means image segmentation algorithm is employed to eliminate complex background factors from the original image, significantly improving image segmentation accuracy. Subsequently, the Gaussian mixture model algorithm is utilized to automatically extract the color threshold of the foreground image after background removal, facilitating adaptive algorithm adjustments. Finally, the mean value algorithm is introduced to swiftly and accurately identify plastic particles of different colors using the automatically obtained color thresholds. Experimental results demonstrate that this method can quickly and accurately identify different color particles and effectively support the rejection of impurity particles. Through this approach, the algorithm achieves an average detection accuracy of 99.3%.
Experimental evaluation of self-generated heat-enhanced fracturing fluid for low-temperature and low-pressure shallow reservoirs
Authors: Wang Mingwei , Wu Wen , Ni Qi , Gao Zhendong , Li Tao , Yang Yu
Published: September 2024

The Chang 6 sandstone reservoir in the Ordos Basin of China is a typically shallow low-permeability tight sandstone oil reservoir, characterized by shallow burial, low temperature, and low formation pressure. Traditional water-based guanidine gum fracturing fluid shows incomplete degradation under such low temperature (30 °C) and low formation pressure (2.6–3.0 MPa), leading to suboptimal reservoir performance. The paper employs NaNO2 and NH4Cl to generate heat and increase pressure in a novel self-generated heat fracturing fluid system, based on the chemical reaction mechanism. The experimental evaluation indicates that the system combines the merits of water-based and foam fracturing fluids, and the sand-carrying performance is nearly 1.5 times that of the conventional guanidine gum fracturing fluid. The flowback rate of this fracturing fluid is elevated by approximately 10.56% in contrast to guanidine gum fluid, and the formation damage rate is decreased from 21.68% to 12.10%. The fluid infiltrates the formation and heats up automatically, facilitating a quicker and more comprehensive breakdown, with the temperature rise exceeding 30 °C. The breakdown time is confined within 1–4 h, and the viscosity remains beneath 5 mPa s. The increase in formation energy induced by N2 in the near-wellbore area can also play a role in minimizing formation damage and enhancing reservoir productivity. By effectively controlling the impact of cold formation damage and the water lock phenomenon, this innovative method not only boosts the overall value of the formation but also optimizes production efficiency. Moreover, it offers a sustainable solution for maximizing recovery from complex oil and gas reservoir, thus contributing to the long-term feasibility of hydrocarbon resources. This comprehensive technical progress highlights its potential as a revolutionary strategy for reservoir development and management in various geological conditions.
Dynamic in situ detection in iRhizo-Chip reveals diurnal fluctuations of
Bacillus subtilis
in the rhizosphere
Authors: Dai Hengyi , Wu Binbin , Zhuang Yajuan , Ren Hao , Chen Yanbo , Zhang Fangzhou , Chu Chiheng , Lv Xiaofei , Xu Jianming , Ma Bin
Published: September 2024

Effective colonization by microbe in the rhizosphere is critical for establishing a beneficial symbiotic relationship with the host plant.
Bacillus subtilis
, a soil-dwelling bacterium that is commonly found in association with plants and their rhizosphere, has garnered interest for its potential to enhance plant growth, suppress pathogens, and contribute to sustainable agricultural practices. However, research on the dynamic distribution of
B. subtilis
within the rhizosphere and its interaction mechanisms with plant roots remains insufficient due to limitations in existing in situ detection methodologies. To achieve dynamic in situ detection of the rhizosphere environment, we established iRhizo-Chip, a microfluidics-based platform. Using this device to investigate microbial behavior within the rhizosphere, we found obvious diurnal fluctuations in the growth of
B. subtilis
in the rhizosphere. Temporal dynamic analysis of rhizosphere dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, dissolved organic carbon, and reactive oxygen species showed that diurnal fluctuations in the growth of
B. subtilis
are potentially related to a variety of environmental factors. Spatial dynamic analysis also showed that the spatial distribution changes of
B. subtilis
and DO and pH were similar. Subsequently, through in vitro control experiments, we proved that rhizosphere DO and pH are the main driving forces for diurnal fluctuations in the growth of
B. subtilis
. Our results show that the growth of
B. subtilis
is driven by rhizosphere DO and pH, resulting in diurnal fluctuations, and iRhizo-Chip is a valuable tool for studying plant rhizosphere dynamics.