bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic control of variability in subcortical and intracranial volumes
Authors: Córdova-Palomera Aldo , van der Meer Dennis , Kaufmann Tobias , Bettella Francesco , Wang Yunpeng , Alnæs Dag , Doan Nhat Trung , Agartz Ingrid , Bertolino Alessandro , Buitelaar Jan K. , Coynel David , Djurovic Srdjan , Dørum Erlend S. , Espeseth Thomas , Fazio Leonardo , Franke Barbara , Frei Oleksandr , Håberg Asta , Le Hellard Stephanie , Jönsson Erik G. , Kolskår Knut K. , Lund Martina J. , Moberget Torgeir , Nordvik Jan E. , Nyberg Lars , Papassotiropoulos Andreas , Pergola Giulio , Quervain Dominique de , Rampino Antonio , Richard Genevieve , Rokicki Jaroslav , Sanders Anne-Marthe , Schwarz Emanuel , Smeland Olav B. , Steen Vidar M. , Starrfelt Jostein , Sønderby Ida E. , Ulrichsen Kristine M. , Andreassen Ole A. , Westlye Lars T.
Published: October 2018

Sensitivity to external demands is essential for adaptation to dynamic environments, but comes at the cost of increased risk of adverse outcomes when facing poor environmental conditions. Here, we apply a novel methodology to perform genome-wide association analysis of mean and variance in nine key brain features (accumbens, amygdala, caudate, hippocampus, pallidum, putamen, thalamus, intracranial volume and cortical thickness), integrating genetic and neuroanatomical data from a large lifespan sample (n=25,575 individuals; 8 to 89 years, mean age 51.9 years). We identify genetic loci associated with phenotypic variability in cortical thickness, thalamus, pallidum, and intracranial volumes. The variance-controlling loci included genes with a documented role in brain and mental health and were not associated with the mean anatomical volumes. This proof-of-principle of the hypothesis of a genetic regulation of brain volume variability contributes to establishing the genetic basis of phenotypic variance (i.e., heritability), allows identifying different degrees of brain robustness across individuals, and opens new research avenues in the search for mechanisms controlling brain and mental health.
MaxQuant.Live enables global targeting of more than 25,000 peptides
Authors: Wichmann Christoph , Meier Florian , Winter Sebastian Virreira , Brunner Andreas-David , Cox Jürgen , Mann Matthias
Published: October 2018

Mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics is often performed in a shotgun format, in which as many peptide precursors as possible are selected from full or MS1 scans so that their fragment spectra can be recorded in MS2 scans. While achieving great proteome depths, shotgun proteomics cannot guarantee that each precursor will be fragmented in each run. In contrast, targeted proteomics aims to reproducibly and sensitively record a restricted number of precursor/fragment combinations in each run, based on pre-scheduled mass-to-charge and retention time windows. Here we set out to merge these two concepts by a global targeting approach in which an arbitrary number of precursors of interest are detected in real-time, followed by standard fragmentation or advanced peptide-specific analyses. We made use of a fast application programming interface to a quadrupole Orbitrap instrument and real-time recalibration in mass, retention time and intensity dimensions to predict precursor identity. MaxQuant.Live is freely available (www.maxquant.live) and has a graphical user interface to specify many pre-defined data acquisition strategies. Acquisition speed is as fast as with the vendor software and the power of our approach is demonstrated with the acquisition of breakdown curves for hundreds of precursors of interest. We also uncover precursors that are not even visible in MS1 scans, using elution time prediction based on the auto-adjusted retention time alone. Finally, we successfully recognized and targeted more than 25,000 peptides in single LC-MS runs. Global targeting combines the advantages of two classical approaches in MS-based proteomics, while greatly expanding the analytical toolbox.
A fully-automated, robust, and versatile algorithm for long-term budding yeast segmentation and tracking
Authors: Wood N Ezgi , Doncic Andreas
Published: October 2018

Live cell time-lapse microscopy, a widely-used technique to study gene expression and protein dynamics in single cells, relies on segmentation and tracking of individual cells for data generation. The potential of the data that can be extracted from this technique is limited by the inability to accurately segment a large number of cells from such microscopy images and track them over long periods of time. Existing segmentation and tracking algorithms either require additional dyes or markers specific to segmentation or they are highly specific to one imaging condition and cell morphology and/or necessitate manual correction. Here we introduce a fully automated, fast and robust segmentation and tracking algorithm for budding yeast that overcomes these limitations. Full automatization is achieved through a novel automated seeding method, which first generates coarse seeds, then automatically fine-tunes cell boundaries using these seeds and automatically corrects segmentation mistakes. Our algorithm can accurately segment and track individual yeast cells without any specific dye or biomarker. Moreover, we show how existing channels devoted to a biological process of interest can be used to improve the segmentation. The algorithm is versatile in that it accurately segments not only cycling cells with smooth elliptical shapes, but also cells with arbitrary morphologies (e.g. sporulating and pheromone treated cells). In addition, the algorithm is largely independent of the specific imaging method (bright-field/phase) and objective used (40X/63X). We validate our algorithm’s performance on 9 cases each entailing a different imaging condition, objective magnification and/or cell morphology. Taken together, our algorithm presents a powerful segmentation and tracking tool that can be adapted to numerous budding yeast single-cell studies.
The sequence dependent search mechanism of EcoRI
Authors: Piatt S.C. , Loparo J.J. , Price A.C.
Published: October 2018

One-dimensional search is an essential step in DNA target recognition. Theoretical studies have suggested that the sequence dependence of one-dimensional diffusion can help resolve the competing demands of fast search and high target affinity, a conflict known as the speed-selectivity paradox. The resolution requires that the diffusion energy landscape is correlated with the underlying specific binding energies. In this work, we report observations of one-dimensional search by QD labeled EcoRI. Our data supports the view that proteins search DNA via rotation coupled sliding over a corrugated energy landscape. We observed that while EcoRI primarily slides along DNA at low salt concentrations, at higher concentrations its diffusion is a combination of sliding and hopping. We also observed long-lived pauses at genomic star sites which differ by a single nucleotide from the target sequence. To reconcile these observations with prior biochemical and structural data, we propose a model of search in which the protein slides over a sequence independent energy landscape during fast search, but rapidly interconverts with a “hemi-specific” binding mode in which a half site is probed. This half site interaction stabilizes the transition to a fully specific mode of binding which can then lead to target recognition.
Hypomorphic mutation of the mouse Huntington’s disease gene orthologue
Authors: Murthy Vidya , Tebaldi Toma , Yoshida Toshimi , Erdin Serkan , Calzonetti Teresa , Vijayvargia Ravi , Tripathi Takshashila , Kerschbamer Emanuela , Seong Ihn Sik , Quattrone Alessandro , Talkowski Michael E. , Gusella James F. , Georgopoulos Katia , MacDonald Marcy E. , Biagioli Marta
Published: October 2018

Rare individuals with hypomorphic inactivating mutations in the Huntington’s Disease (HD) gene (HTT), identified by CAG repeat expansion in the eponymous neurodegenerative disorder, exhibit variable abnormalities that implyHTTessential roles during organ development. Here we report phenotypes produced when increasingly severe hypomorphic mutations inHtt, the murineHTTorthologue (inHdhneoQ20,HdhneoQ50,HdhneoQ111mice), were placed over a null allele (Hdhex4/5). The most severe hypomorphic allele failed to rescue null lethality at gastrulation, while the intermediate alleles yielded perinatal lethality and a variety of fetal abnormalities affecting body size, skin, skeletal and ear formation, and transient defects in hematopoiesis. Comparative molecular analysis of wild-type andHtt-null retinoic acid-differentiated cells revealed gene network dysregulation associated with organ development and proposed polycomb repressive complexes and miRNAs as molecular mediators. Together these findings demonstrate that the HD gene acts both pre- and post-gastrulation and possibly suggest pleiotropic consequences ofHTT-lowering therapeutic strategies.

Author Summary

TheHTTgene product mutated in Huntington’s Disease (HD) has essential roles during normal organism development, however, still not fully predictable are the functional consequences of its partial inactivation. Our genetic study provides a comprehensive effects’ description of progressively stronger suppression ofHttgene, the murineHTTcounterpart. The most severeHttreduction leads to embryo lethality, while intermediateHttdosages yield a variety of developmental abnormalities affecting body size, skin, skeletal and ear formation, and hematopoiesis. Complementing molecular analysis in differentiating cells depleted of a functionalHttgene further elucidates genes’ networks dysregulated during organ development and proposes chromatin regulators and short non-coding RNAs as key molecular mediators. Together these findings demonstrate that the HD gene acts both at early and later stages of development, thus possibly suggesting long-term consequences associated to the newest HD therapeutic strategies aimed at lowering theHTTgene product.
MxB restricts HIV-1 by targeting the tri-hexamer interface of the viral capsid
Authors: Smaga Sarah Sierra , Xu Chaoyi , Summers Brady James , Digianantonio Katherine Marie , Perilla Juan Roberto , Xiong Yong
Published: October 2018

Myxovirus resistance protein B (MxB) is an interferon-inducible restriction factor of HIV-1 that blocks nuclear import of the viral genome. Evidence suggests that MxB recognizes higher-order interfaces of the HIV capsid lattice, but the mechanistic details of this interaction are not known. Previous studies have mapped the restriction activity of MxB to its N-terminus encompassing a triple arginine motif11RRR13. Here we demonstrate a direct and specific interaction between the MxB N-terminus and helical assemblies of HIV-1 capsid protein (CA) using highly purified recombinant proteins. We performed thorough mutagenesis to establish the detailed molecular requirements for the CA interaction with MxB. The results map MxB binding to the interface of three CA hexamers, specifically interactions between positively charged MxB N-terminal residues and negatively charged CA residues. Our crystal structures show that the CA mutations affecting MxB interaction and restriction do not alter the conformation of capsid assembly. In addition, 30 microsecond long all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the complex between the MxB N-terminus and the HIV CA tri-hexamer interface show persistent MxB binding and identify a MxB-binding pocket surrounded by three CA hexamers. These results establish the molecular details of the binding of a lattice-sensing host factor onto HIV capsid, and provide insight into how MxB recognizes HIV capsid for the restriction of HIV-1 infection.

Author summary

The human antiviral protein MxB is a restriction factor that fights HIV infection. Previous experiments have demonstrated that MxB targets the HIV capsid, a protein shell that protects the viral genome. To make the conical shaped capsid, HIV CA proteins are organized into a lattice composed of hexamer and pentamer building blocks, providing many interfaces for host proteins to recognize. Through extensive biochemical and biophysical studies and molecular dynamics simulations, we show that MxB is targeting the HIV capsid by recognizing the region created at the intersection of three CA hexamers. We are further able to map this interaction to a few CA residues, located in a negatively-charged well at the interface between the three CA hexamers. This work provides detailed residue-level mapping of the targeted capsid interface and how MxB interacts. This information could inspire the development of capsid-targeting therapies for HIV.
A principled method to identify individual differences and behavioral shifts in signaled active avoidance
Authors: Krypotos Angelos-Miltiadis , Moscarello Justin M. , Sears Robert M. , LeDoux Joseph E. , Galatzer-Levy Isaac
Published: October 2018

Signaled active avoidance (SigAA) is the key experimental procedure for studying the acquisition of instrumental responses toward conditioned threat cues. Traditional analytic approaches (e.g., general linear model) often obfuscate important individual differences, although individual differences in learned responses characterize both animal and human learning data. However, individual differences models (e.g., latent growth curve modeling) typically require large samples and onerous computational methods. Here, we present an analytic methodology that enables the detection of individual differences in SigAA performance at a high accuracy, even when a single animal is included in the data set (i.e., n = 1 level). We further show an online software that enables the easy application of our method to any SigAA data set.
Cold spraying and laser cladding as an alternative to electroplating processes
Authors: Sienicki Jaroslaw , Zórawski Wojciech , Dworak Adam , Koruba Piotr , Jurewicz Piotr , Reiner Jacek
Published: October 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to propose cold spraying and laser cladding processes as alternatives to cadmium and chromium electroplating, respectively. There are many substances or chemicals within the coating technology that can be identified as substances of very high concern because of their carcinogenic or mutagenic nature. Cadmium and chromium undoubtedly belong to these items and are the basic constituents of electrolytic coating processes. Finding an alternative and adapting to the existing restrictions of the usage of such hazardous products stands for many to be or not to be in the market.

Design/methodology/approach

The research work was focused on down selecting the appropriate materials, producing the coating samples, testing their properties and optimizing process parameters by statistical method. On the one hand, the high-pressure cold spray system and spraying of the titanium coating on the landing gear component, and on the other hand, the high-energy laser cladding facility and the wear resistant cobalt-based coating deposited onto the shock absorber piston. Substrates of these two applications were made of the same material, 4330 – high-strength low-carbon steel.

Findings

Meeting the requirements of Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals implies undertaking research and implementation work to identify alternative processes. The work provides the technical characteristics of new coatings justifying application readiness of the researched processes.

Originality/value

Taguchi’s design of experiment method was combined with the measurements and analysis of specified coating properties for the optimization of the cold spray process parameters. There is also laser cladding process development presented as a fast rate technology generating coatings with the unique properties.
The effect of aerofoil camber on cycloidal propellers
Authors: Zhang Hailang , Hu Yu , Wang Gengqi
Published: October 2018

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate the impact of aerofoil camber on the performance of micro-air-vehicle-scale cycloidal propellers.

Design/methodology/approach

First, experiments were conducted to validate the numerical methodology. After that, three turbulent models were compared to select the most accurate one. Then, 2D numerical simulation was carried out on 11 aerofoils with different cambers, including five cambered aerofoils, one symmetrical aerofoil and five inverse cambered aerofoils. The inverse cambered aerofoils are symmetrical about the chord line to the corresponding cambered ones.

Findings

The cycloidal propeller with large cambered aerofoil gives the lowest hovering efficiency, but with symmetrical aerofoil or small inverse cambered aerofoil shows the highest. Also, blades with large cambered aerofoil display high performance at the upper part of its trajectory, while with symmetrical aerofoil or the inverse cambered aerofoil have their best at the lower part. In addition, intensified downwash can be observed in the rotor cage for all cases. When a blade runs through the top-left part of its circle path, all cases display the feature of deep dynamic stall. When the blade travels through the nadir of its path, the actual angle of attack is close to zero due to the strong downwash. Furthermore, there exits intensified blade-vortex interaction induced by the preceding blade for large cambered aerofoils at the lower-right part of its trajectory.

Practical implications

This paper develops a new cycloidal propeller which is more efficient than the one already present.

Originality/value

This paper discovers that the aerofoil camber is a vital design parameter in the performance of cycloidal propeller, and the authors expect that the rotor with deformable aerofoil on camber would achieve much higher efficiency.
MLS based local approximation in numerical manifold method
Authors: Chen Yuanqiang , Zheng H. , Li Wei , Lin Shan
Published: October 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to propose a new three-node triangular element in the framework of the numerical manifold method (NMM), which is designated by Trig3-MLScns.

Design/methodology/approach

The formulation uses the improved parametric shape functions of classical triangular elements (Trig3-0) to construct the partition of unity (PU) and the moving least square (MLS) interpolation method to construct the local approximation function.

Findings

Compared with the classical three-node element (Trig3-0), the Trig3-MLScns element has a higher order of approximations, much better accuracy and continuous nodal stress. Moreover, the linear dependence problem associated with many PU-based methods with high-order approximations is eliminated in the present element. A number of numerical examples indicate the high accuracy and robustness of the Trig3-MLScns element.

Originality/value

The proposed element inherits the individual merits of the NMM and the MLS.
The futures of the University of Tehran using causal layered analysis
Authors: Baradaran Ghahfarokhi Mohammadali , Mohaghar Ali , Saghafi Fatemeh
Published: October 2018

Purpose

Higher education and universities have faced unprecedented and ubiquitous changes. The University of Tehran or “UT,” as the leading university in Iran, is not immune to these changes. The purposes of this study is to investigate the current situation and future of the UT and gain insights and possible responses to changes that suit its strengths and potential to progress in an increasingly competitive, complex environment with uncertainties. It identifies deep fundamental underpinnings of the issue and highlights them for policymakers to formulate strategies and future vision of the UT.

Design/methodology/approach

Causal layered analysis (CLA) was applied as a framework and the data collected from different sources such as literature reviews, content analysis of rules, regulations and master plans of the university and coded interviews of four different groups of university stakeholders were analyzed. The current system of UT, as well as hidden beliefs, that maintains traditional perceptions about university was mapped. Next, by applying a new recursive process and reverse CLA order, new CLA layers extracted through an expert panel, the layers of CLA based on new metaphors to envision future of UT were backcasted.

Findings

The results from CLA layers including litany, system, worldview and metaphor about the current statue of UT show disinterest and inertia against changes, conservative, behind the times and traditional perceptions, and indicate that the UT system is mismatched to the needs of society and stakeholders in the future. The authors articulated alternative perspectives deconstructed from other worldviews so there are new narratives that reframe the issues at hand. The results show that to survive in this fast-paced revolution and competition in higher education, UT should develop scenarios and formulate new strategies.

Research limitations/implications

The authors had limited access to a wide range of stakeholders. As the UT is a very big university with so many faculties and departments, to access a pool of experts and top policymakers who were so busy and did not have time to interview inside and outside of university was very hard for the research team. The authors also had limitation to access the internal enactments and decisions of the trustee board of the UT and the financial balance sheets of the university.

Originality/value

In this paper, by mixing different methods of futures studies, the authors have shown how to move forward while understanding the perspectives of stakeholders about the future of UT by a new recursive process and reverse CLA order. A supplementary phase was added to improve CLA and to validate the method and results, which were ignored in previous studies.
Exploring the customer orientation of Spanish pharmacy websites
Authors: Domínguez-Falcón Carmen , Verano-Tacoronte Domingo , Suárez-Fuentes Marta
Published: October 2018

Purpose

The strong regulation of the Spanish pharmaceutical sector encourages pharmacies to modify their business model, giving the customer a more relevant role by integrating 2.0 tools. However, the study of the implementation of these tools is still quite limited, especially in terms of a customer-oriented web page design. This paper aims to analyze the online presence of Spanish community pharmacies by studying the profile of their web pages to classify them by their degree of customer orientation.

Design/methodology/approach

In total, 710 community pharmacies were analyzed, of which 160 had Web pages. Using items drawn from the literature, content analysis was performed to evaluate the presence of these items on the web pages. Then, after analyzing the scores on the items, a cluster analysis was conducted to classify the pharmacies according to the degree of development of their online customer orientation strategy.

Findings

The number of pharmacies with a web page is quite low. The development of these websites is limited, and they have a more informational than relational role. The statistical analysis allows to classify the pharmacies in four groups according to their level of development

Practical implications

Pharmacists should make incremental use of their websites to facilitate real two-way communication with customers and other stakeholders to maintain a relationship with them by having incorporated the Web 2.0 and social media (SM) platforms.

Originality/value

This study analyses, from a marketing perspective, the degree of Web 2.0 adoption and the characteristics of the websites, in terms of aiding communication and interaction with customers in the Spanish pharmaceutical sector.
Unlearning and forgetting in organizations: a systematic review of literature
Authors: Klammer Adrian , Gueldenberg Stefan
Published: October 2018

Purpose

Although still under-researched and characterized by a fragmented understanding, unlearning and forgetting have recently received increased scholarly attention. The purpose of this systematic literature review is to survey and evaluate key works in the field of organizational unlearning and forgetting. Through analyzing and synthesizing common themes, this paper aims to highlight research gaps and avenues for future research.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper follows a systematic approach of identifying, analyzing and synthesizing pertinent literature in the field of organizational unlearning and forgetting. In total, 63 works were thoroughly reviewed.

Findings

This paper highlights different levels and scopes, as well as antecedents and consequences of organizational unlearning and forgetting. Even though unlearning and forgetting has gained increased attention, researchers still need to provide robust conceptual and empirical evidence to advance the field.

Originality/value

By structuring the analysis and synthesis around various constructs, theories, typologies and related themes, this paper outlines several research gaps and proposes avenues for further research. Additionally, this systematic literature review resulted in the development of a framework based on the intentionality and depth of knowledge loss, which allows future researchers to position their research and differentiate themselves from other literature in the field.
Measuring impact of organizational culture on creativity in higher education
Authors: Singh Reetesh K. , Chaudhary Priya
Published: October 2018

Purpose

Over the past few decades, Indian education system has witnessed a paradigm shift, leading to the replacement of the traditional education system. The traditional education system focused on the holistic development of the student, with a focus on enhancing the student creativity and capability to innovate. This shift leads one to ask whether the modern education system still nurtures creativity. This paper aims to examine the impact of organizational culture in colleges on the creativity of students in India.

Design/methodology/approach

A questionnaire survey was administered to 174 students from public and private colleges. The relationship between creativity and locus of control of students was examined and discussed.

Findings

The results demonstrated that the organizational culture did not impact the creativity of students in India. The Indian higher education system will have to first overcome other systemic issues and bottlenecks to encourage creativity among students.

Research limitations/implications

The self-report questionnaires used in the study can at best assess aptitudes or tendencies but may not be the most appropriate method to capture actual events or dynamic processes. Self-report questionnaires must be supported and corroborated by recording actual study behavior to establish validity.

Originality/value

The findings of this study are useful for practitioners and policymakers to developing a culture conducive to creativity in students.
Supporting older military veterans in the rural US
Authors: Hicken Bret , Parry Kimber
Published: October 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of rural older veterans in the US and discuss how the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) is increasing access to health care for older veterans in rural areas.

Design/methodology/approach

This is a descriptive paper summarizing population and program data about rural veterans.

Findings

VA provides a variety of health care services and benefits for older veterans to support health, independence, and quality of life. With the creation of the Veterans Health Administration Office of Rural Health (ORH) in 2006, the needs of rural veterans, who are on average older than urban veterans, are receiving greater attention and support. ORH and VA have implemented several programs to specifically improve access to health care for rural veterans and to improve quality of care for older veterans in rural areas.

Originality/value

This paper is one of the first to describe how VA is addressing the health care needs of older, rural veterans.
The impact of transformational leadership on employees’ acceptance to change
Authors: Tayal Ritu , Kumar Upadhya Rajesh , Yadav Mohit , Rangnekar Santosh , Singh Reena
Published: October 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to empirically examine the association between transformational leadership and employee acceptance to change while establishing the mediating effects of innovative behaviour and the moderating effect of the use of information technology (IT) on this association.

Design/methodology/approach

In total, 378 employees of ten banks from Uttarakhand, India, participated in a questionnaire-based survey. The proposed hypotheses and the proposed conceptual model were tested using macro process (Hayes, 2013).

Findings

The results indicated that there exists a positive association between transformational leadership and employee acceptance to change. Furthermore, it was found that this association was mediated by employee innovative behaviour and moderated by the use of IT.

Practical implications

The findings of this study will help managers to comprehend the significance of the innovative behaviour of employees in moulding their acceptance towards change. This paper should encourage bank managers to perceive the significance of the working practice and the infusion of IT. Furthermore, this study accentuates the significance of an effective leadership style, i.e. transformational leadership, as an essential phenomenon to positively impinge on employee acceptance to change in a service-oriented industry, namely banking.

Originality/value

The present study enriches the extant research on transformational leadership and employee acceptance to change by demonstrating the use of IT and innovative behaviour as vital and the important factors that influence the level of persuasion that transformational leadership has on employee acceptance to change.
Role of ambidexterity and learning capability in firm performance
Authors: Dhir Sanjay , Dhir Swati
Published: October 2018

Purpose

This study aims to comprehend the ambidexterity and organizational learning capability construct in the Indian E-commerce industry context.

Design/methodology/approach

The survey method was adopted for this study. A survey was circulated among the personnel working in E-commerce companies in India. The focus was on people working in managerial positions and had at least three years of experience in the same industry.

Findings

This paper investigates the link between two dimensions of ambidexterity, i.e., exploration, exploitation and learning capability in firm performance. The paper also establishes the moderating effect of the learning capability on the two dimensions of ambidexterity and firm’s performance.

Research/limitations/implications

Our focus was to cover most of the E-commerce companies, yet to generalize the research the analysis needs to be conducted with even more E-commerce companies. Although we took extraordinary care to gather data from multiple resources and discarded the data that was incomplete or was from lower level employees yet, we need a larger sample to establish the causal claim of our model.

Practical/implications

We reason that learning capability of a firm impacts the two dimensions and firms should focus both on external and internal knowledge to benefit from the ambidexterity efforts.

Social/implications

Learning capability influences a firm’s performance and has managerial implications. The analysis’ results on the India based ecommerce companies differs from prior research done in more developed countries and other industries.

Originality/value

No prior research has been done from this perspective in the Indian context, and thus our work opens up new avenues for researchers to look at.Keywords Ambidexterity, Firm performance, Learning capability
Indeterminate dendritic cell neoplasm accompanied by eosinophilic pneumonia successfully treated by systemic steroid therapy: Report of the first case with muscular and parotid involvement and review of published work
Authors: Kiyohara Takahiro , Nakamaru Sei , Miyamoto Mari , Shijimaya Takako , Nagano Naoko , Makimura Kaoru , Takama Hiroyuki , Akiyama Masashi , Tanimura Hirotsugu
Published: October 2018

A 34‐year‐old Japanese man presented with an indolent nodule on the right flank. Computed tomography of the chest and abdomen demonstrated a large nodule measuring 55 mm × 50 mm in the abdominal oblique muscle layer of the right flank, and several small nodules were seen in the muscle layer throughout the body and subcutaneous tissue of the lower abdomen. 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose‐positron emission tomography/computed tomography revealed nodular lesions in the bilateral parotid glands, bilateral cervical lymph nodes and lower lobe of the right lung. Intermittently, ground‐glass shadows developed in the bilateral lungs. Histologically, sheet‐like nodules in the abdominal oblique muscle layer and parotid gland were composed of large polygonal cells with convoluted nuclei and ample eosinophilic cytoplasm. Several lymphocytes and considerable eosinophils were intermingled. Lung biopsy demonstrated an inflammatory infiltrate of lymphocytes and considerable eosinophils in the alveoli. Immunohistochemically, polygonal cells were positive for S100 protein and CD1a, but negative for langerin and BRAFV600E. Some cells were positive for CD68. Electron microscopy demonstrated histiocytic cells with phagosomes and interdigitating processes. However, no Birbeck granules were observed. Eosinophilia was seen in the peripheral blood. Multifocal nodules and ground‐glass shadows gradually diminished following systemic administration of oral prednisolone. We describe a case of indeterminate dendritic cell neoplasm with multifocal involvement of the muscle, subcutis, lymph node and parotid gland accompanied by chronic eosinophilic pneumonia that was successfully treated by systemic steroid therapy. Neither muscular nor parotid indeterminate dendritic cell neoplasms accompanied by eosinophilic pneumonia have been previously reported.
Extracellular proteoglycan decorin maintains human hair follicle stem cells
Authors: Miyachi Katsuma , Yamada Takaaki , Kawagishi‐Hotta Mika , Hasebe Yuichi , Date Yasushi , Hasegawa Seiji , Arima Masaru , Iwata Yohei , Kobayashi Tsukane , Numata Shigeki , Yamamoto Naoki , Nakata Satoru , Sugiura Kazumitsu , Akamatsu Hirohiko
Published: October 2018

Hair follicle stem cells (HFSC) are localized in the bulge region of the hair follicle and play a role in producing hair. Recently, it has been shown that the number ofHFSCdecreases with age, which is thought to be a cause of senile alopecia. Therefore, maintainingHFSCmay be key for the prevention of age‐related hair loss, but the regulatory mechanisms ofHFSCand the effects of aging on them are largely unknown. In general, stem cells are known to require regulatory factors in the pericellular microenvironment, termed the stem cell niche, to maintain their cell function. In this study, we focused on the extracellular matrix proteoglycan decorin (DCN) as a candidate factor for maintaining the humanHFSCniche. Gene expression analysis showed thatDCNwas highly expressed in the bulge region. We observed decreases inDCNexpression as well as the number ofKRT15‐positiveHFSCwith age.In vitroexperiments with human plucked hair‐derivedHFSCrevealed thatHFSClost their undifferentiated state with increasing passages, and prior to this change a decrease inDCNexpression was observed. Furthermore, knockdown ofDCNpromotedHFSCdifferentiation. In contrast, whenHFSCwere cultured onDCN‐coated plates, they showed an even more undifferentiated state. From these results, as a novel mechanism for maintainingHFSC, it was suggested thatDCNfunctions as a stem cell niche component, and that the deficit ofHFSCmaintenance caused by a reduction inDCNexpression could be a cause of age‐related hair loss.
Stretch‐free generalized normal moveout correction
Authors: Faccipieri Jorge H. , Coimbra Tiago A. , Bloot Rodrigo
Published: October 2018

The effective application of normal moveout correction processes mainly depends on four factors: the chosen traveltime approximation, the stretching associated with the given traveltime, crossing events and phase changes, the last two being inherent to the seismic data. In this context, we conduct a quantitative analysis on stretching considering a general traveltime expression depending on half‐offset and midpoint coordinates. Through this analysis, we propose a mathematically proven procedure to eliminate stretching, which can be applied to any traveltime approximation. The proposed method is applied to synthetic and real data sets, considering different traveltime approximations and achieved complete elimination of stretching.
Does quorum sensing interference affect the fitness of bacterial pathogens in the real world?
Authors: Liu Yiying , Qin Qiwei , Defoirdt Tom
Published: October 2018

Many bacterial pathogens rely on quorum sensing to control virulence gene expression. Based on numerous experiments conducted under well‐defined conditions, quorum sensing interference is considered as a promising strategy to tackle infections and thus might have the potential to (partially) replace antibiotics. Despite the promising results in well‐defined (artificial) laboratory experiments, there still is a lack of knowledge with respect to the impact of quorum sensing interference on the fitness of pathogens in more realistic scenarios, including interactions with a host, the external environment and complex microbial communities. In this article, we critically evaluate the current knowledge with respect to these three facets of the real world that can affect the fitness of quorum sensing bacterial pathogens. We argue that further research is needed in order to determine how these factors interplay with quorum sensing and to what extent they can influence the selective pressure that might be exerted by quorum sensing interference (and thus determine the risk of resistance development against quorum sensing interference). This kind of information is indispensable in order to optimize quorum sensing interference‐based therapeutic strategies.
Nitrogen chlorosis in unicellular cyanobacteria – a developmental program for surviving nitrogen deprivation
Authors: Forchhammer Karl , Schwarz Rakefet
Published: October 2018

Cyanobacteria evolved sophisticated mechanisms allowing them to cope with environmental depletion of combined nitrogen. Here, we describe progress in understanding the processes involved in acclimation of nondiazotrophic cyanobacteria to nitrogen shortage, known as nitrogen chlorosis. The process includes immediate metabolic changes and degradation of light harvesting complexes as well as long‐term acclimation responses. Consequently, quiescent cells substantially differing from vegetative cells are obtained. Thus, the process leading to these considerable metabolic and morphological changes is referred to as a developmental program. Current understanding of the relevant regulatory processes depicts an intricate mechanism involving modulation of transcription activators by proteinaceous interacting components, as well as by small metabolites reporting the energy status and carbon–nitrogen balance of the cell. In addition, we describe in detail the quiescent state characterizing cells under prolonged starvation and the process of recovery from this dormant chlorotic state. Accumulated data provide an in depth understanding of the mechanisms accompanying the cycling of cyanobacterial cells between vegetative growth, the quiescent‐state and the recovery program, allowing them to regain proliferative growth upon nutrient replenishment.
Rapidly mitigating antibiotic resistant risks in chicken manure by Hermetia illucens bioconversion with intestinal microflora
Authors: Cai Minmin , Ma Shiteng , Hu Ruiqi , Tomberlin Jeffery K. , Thomashow Linda S. , Zheng Longyu , Li Wu , Yu Ziniu , Zhang Jibin
Published: October 2018

Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in animal manure are an environmental concern due to naturally occurring bacteria being exposed to these wastes and developing multidrug resistance. The bioconversion of manure with fly larvae is a promising alternative for recycling these wastes while attenuating ARGs. We investigated the impact of black soldier fly (BSF, Hermetia illucens) larval bioconversion of chicken manure on the persistence of associated ARGs. Compared with traditional composting or sterile larval treatments (by 48.4% or 88.7%), non‐sterile BSF larval treatments effectively reduced ARGs and integrin genes by 95.0% during 12 days, due to rapid decreases in concentrations of the genes and associated bacteria as they passed through the larval gut and were affected by intestinal microbes. After larval treatments, bacterial community composition differed significantly, with the percentage of Firmicutes possibly carrying ARGs reduced by 65.5% or more. On average, human pathogenic bacteria populations declined by 70.7%–92.9%, effectively mitigating risks of these bacteria carrying ARGs. Environmental pH, nitrogen content and antibiotic concentrations were closely related to both bacterial community composition and targeted gene attenuation in larval systems. Selective pressures of larval gut environments with intestinal microbes, larval bacteriostasis and reformulation of manure due to larval digestion contributed to ARG attenuation.
Rigvedic nú: Configurational Syntax, Semantics, and Poetics
Authors: Klein Jared S.
Published: October 2018

The Rigvedic particle nú (310x) appears most frequently in second position within the clause, which is normally equivalent to the pāda. Often, nú is displaced to third or fourth position by other clitic(‐like) elements with which it competes (most frequently íd, cid, and u), In a smaller group of passages, nú (nearly always lengthened to n) appears in initial position in the clause and pāda, where it represents a topicalization of time. The collocation n cid (usually also clause‐initial) with a few exceptions has the meaning ‘never’. Most likely, this usage has been extracted by ellipsis from the phrase *ná n cid ‘not even now’, where the scope of the scalar particle (cid ‘even’) entails all time past and present and, by pragmatic implicature, the future. In a few instances n cid has the value ‘even now’. Instances where nú appears in penultimate or final position within the clause and pāda most likely presuppose a clause‐final focus position. The chief remaining passages where nú cannot possess the meaning ‘now’ are those where it follows the interrogative pronoun ká‐. In such instances, nú possesses a cooperative interpersonal conversational value like English ‘now’ under the same circumstances.
Metabolites Unravel Nutraceutical Potential of Edible Seaweeds: An Emerging Source of Functional Food
Authors: Tanna Bhakti , Mishra Avinash
Published: October 2018

Functional foods are nutritional compounds which also provide health and medicinal benefits. Daily food intake has much impact on the quality of life, and therefore inclusion of functional foods is now essential to our diet. Nutraceuticals are neither food nor drug but are added to food to provide extra nutritional and physiological properties. Though nutraceutical compounds provide minimal actions, their regular involvement in the diet can provide major and long‐term health benefits. Global demand for additional and sustainable biomass for the production of important metabolites with nutraceutical potential has resulted in renewed interest in seaweeds. Seaweeds have been consumed from ancient times in Asian areas, and in recent times they have been demonstrated to possess many medicinal effects. Seaweeds are considered a rich source of various nutritional ingredients and metabolites that have pharmaceutical properties. It has been observed that total protein, from terrestrial plants such as soybean and wheat, produces an allergic response on consumption. Therefore, seaweed proteins can be considered a promising source for food industries. Overall, seaweeds are a rich source of PUFAs, metabolites, proteins, sulfated polysaccharides, vitamins, and minerals, which are all responsible for different bioactivities; they are therefore considered a promising functional food (nutraceutical). In this review we discuss the nutraceutical potential of seaweeds regarding different metabolites (primary and secondary), variation in composition, probable biological applications, limitations, research gaps, and future prospects.
An identification‐based model of workplace incivility and employee creativity: evidence from China
Authors: Zhan Xiaojun , Li Zhicheng , Luo Wenhao
Published: October 2018

Research has consistently demonstrated that experienced incivility or witnessed incivility produce a wide array of deleterious outcomes. However, few studies investigate experienced incivility and witnessed incivility in tandem. It remains unknown that whether witnessed incivility could exacerbate the negative consequences triggered by experienced incivility. Drawing on social identity theory, we investigate how experienced incivility impedes employee creativity at work via reduced perceived insider status (PIS) and the moderating role of witnessed incivility. Using a longitudinal sample consisting of 306 supervisor–subordinate dyads in China, results showed that workplace incivility was negatively related to employee creativity, and employee PIS mediated this relationship; witnessed incivility moderated the negative relationship between workplace incivility and PIS and the indirect effect of PIS. The present study supported the identity perspective in understanding workplace incivility, highlighting the pivotal roles of employees’ identification in the consequences of workplace incivility at work.
Effects of Uremic Serum Residue on OATP1B1‐ and OATP1B3‐Mediated Pravastatin Uptake in OATP‐Expressing HEK293 Cells and Human Hepatocytes
Authors: Uchiyama Hitoshi , Tsujimoto Masayuki , Kimura Akari , Yuki Eriko , Saiki Takashi , Yoshida Takuya , Furukubo Taku , Izumi Satoshi , Yamakawa Tomoyuki , Tachiki Hidehisa , Minegaki Tetsuya , Nishiguchi Kohshi
Published: October 2018

Patients with end‐stage renal disease have increased plasma concentrations of statins, which is a risk factor for rhabdomyolysis, as well as elevated levels of uremic toxins (UTs). We investigated the effects of uremic serum residue and UTs on organic anion‐transporting peptide (OATP1B1)‐ and OATP1B3‐mediated pravastatin uptake. We evaluated the effects of normal serum residue with four UTs (hippuric acid, 3‐carboxy‐4‐methyl‐5‐propyl‐2‐furan propionate, indole‐3‐acetic acid, and 3‐indoxyl sulfate) and uremic serum residue on pravastatin uptake by OATP1B1‐ or OATP1B3‐expressing HEK293 cells. Furthermore, we assessed the contribution of each transporter using cryopreserved human hepatocytes. Uremic serum residue and UTs significantly inhibited OATP1B1‐mediated pravastatin uptake. Uremic serum residue accelerated OATP1B3‐mediated pravastatin uptake, while UTs had no effect. There was no difference in pravastatin uptake between uremic‐ and normal serum residue‐treated hepatocytes. The results suggest that the effects of uremic serum on pravastatin hepatic uptake may be considered negligible in end‐stage renal disease patients.