bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Basics of Solar Energy and Various Sun-Earth Angles
Authors: Norton Brian
Published: August 2022

This chapter discusses the causes and effects of solar energy incidents on
Earth's spectral, skyward angular, intensity, and luminous characteristics. A particular
perspective is how these characteristics influence and determine how particular
practical devices, systems, and applications harness available solar energy. The uses
of solar energy to produce heat, generate electricity via photovoltaics, and provide
daylight are considered. Moreover, diverse factors limiting the applicability of
specific solar energy conversion devices or approaches are also discussed.
Design and Thermal Modeling of Solar Cookers
Authors: Saxena Abhishek , Cuce Pinar Mert , Cuce Erdem
Published: August 2022

Solar energy technologies are upgrading day by day in every sunshine-rich
region around the globe. These technologies provide a strong platform for humans for
high-demand activities like cooking, air heating, power generation, etc. Among these
activities, solar cooking is much popular due to daily cooking needs. Different designs
of solar cookers are available in the market according to the family size. In the present
work, the designs of some commonly used solar cookers and their thermal
performance evaluation have been discussed. Heat transfer analysis shows that
cookers with some potential heat storage materials are better than conventional solar
cookers. The design of such cookers is feasible to cook efficiently for long hours, even
during off sunshine hours (for a limited period).
Application and Development in Solar Cooking
Authors: Dhamneya A.K. , Gaur M.K. , Thakur Vikas Kumar , Singh Pushpendra
Published: August 2022

The consumption of conventional energy has increased exponentially due
to the ever-increasing population of the world. Studies revealed that cooking activities
contribute majorly to the overall energy consumption throughout the globe, further
accounting for an increasing global warming potential. Being an enormous, virtually
unlimited, and expandable source, solar energy turns out to be a favorable solution to
the situation. Solar energy's widespread availability and processing technologies
make the thermal energy conversion process easily accessible. Hence, solar energy
has emerged as a ‘natural solution’ to the energy crisis and the adverse environmental
impact, such as the greenhouse effect. This chapter outlines the various solar cooker
fundamentals and development in different types of solar cookers, namely box type,
panel, funnel type, parabolic type, and indirect type, along with the application of
different solar cookers.
Nonlinear Stochastic Finite Element Method
Authors: Mo Wenhui
Published: August 2022

Considering the influence of random factors on the structure, three
stochastic finite element methods for general nonlinear problems are proposed. They
are Taylor expansion method, perturbation method and Neumann expansion method.
The mean value of displacement is obtained by the tangent stiffness method or the
initial stress method of nonlinear finite elements. Nonlinear stochastic finite element
is transformed into linear stochastic finite element. The mean values of displacement
and stress are obtained by the incremental tangent stiffness method and the initial
stress method of the finite element of elastic-plastic problems. The stochastic finite
element of elastic- plastic problems can be calculated by the linear stochastic finite
element method.
influence of workload and provision of compensation on the performance of examiners at the financial audit agency representative of the Province of South Sumatera
Authors: Sari Febriandini Prawita Tembang , Perizade Badia , Widiyanti Marlina , Soebyakto Bambang Bemby
Published: August 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of workload and compensation on the performance of auditors at the State Audit Board of South Sumatra Province. In this study, the number of samples was 100 respondents from the Supreme Audit Agency's Representative Office of South Sumatra Province. The statistical tool used in this study is multiple linear regression using analysis media in the form of the IBM series 22 Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) program. The results of this study show: (1) Workload has a positive and significant effect on the Examiner's performance as Supreme Audit Agency Representative of South Sumatra Province; (2) The provision of compensation has a positive and significant effect on the performance of the Auditor at the State Audit Board of South Sumatra Province. The workload given by the agency can be done quickly and on time because the Examiner always tries and is ready to complete all his duties and responsibilities. However, it should still be necessary to increase the number of examiners following the assigned job map and workload so that the work results can follow the expected quality standards.
IMPROVING EDIBLE FILM QUALITY USING MODIFIED WATER YAM (Dioscorea alata L) STARCH
Authors: Ulyarti Ulyarti , Indriyani Indriyani , Suseno Rahayu , Nursela Siti , Megawati Hesti , Rahmayani Irma , Nazarudin Nazarudin
Published: August 2022

The existed edible films made of water yam starch tend to have a low quality which is indicated by high WVTR value and low mechanical strength. Addition of modified starch can decrease the WVTR value and improve the mechanical properties. The purpose of this study is to obtain the ratio of starch paste volume to ethanol volume which produces modified water yam starch and to improve the quality of the edible film by adding modified water yam starch. This research was conducted in 2 stages, which are the modification of water yam starch using the precipitation method and the making of edible films using several levels of modified water yam starch concentration. The first stage of the study was designed to produce modified starch using the treatment of the ratio of starch paste volume to ethanol volume. There are 5 treatment ratios used, which were 1:5, 1:7.5, 1:10, 1:12.5, and 1:15. The results showed that the different ratios of starch paste volume to ethanol volume resulted in different sizes of modified starches. The ethanol volume ratio of 1:5 resulted in a granular starch with the most damage in its morphology, and the smallest particle size detected was 1.135x1.767 µ, with the yield of modified starch was 80.5%. The addition of modified water yam starch of as much as 20%, which was modified using a ratio of paste volume to ethanol volume of 1:5, succeeded in improving the quality of the edible film of water yam starch by reducing the value of the water vapor transmission rate and increasing the compressive compressive strength.
Number of Examined Lymph Nodes as a Risk Factor for Recurrence in pT1N+ or pT2-3N0 Gastric Cancer
Authors: NISHIMUTA MASATO , ARAI JUNICHI , HAMASAKI KEIKO , HASHIMOTO YASUMASA , NONAKA TAKASHI , TOMINAGA TETSURO , OYAMA SHOSABURO , YASUTAKE TORU , SAWAI TERUMITSU , NAGAYASU TAKESHI
Published: August 2022

Background/Aim: Japanese Gastric Cancer Treatment Guidelines do not recommend adjuvant chemotherapy after radical gastrectomy for pathological stage (p) T1N+ or pT2~3N0 gastric cancer. However, some patients experience disease recurrence. This study aimed to identify the risk factors for recurrence in pT1N+ or pT2-3N0 gastric cancer. Patients and Methods: The study included 157 patients with diagnosed pT1N+ or pT2-3N0 gastric cancer who underwent radical gastrectomy at our institution between January 2001 and December 2020. Clinicopathological data and surgical data were obtained. Independent prognostic factors were analyzed using a Cox proportional hazards regression model. Results: Thirteen patients (8.3%) experienced disease recurrence. Multivariate analysis revealed that the number of examined lymph nodes was an independent prognostic factor for recurrence-free survival (hazard ratio=10.90; 95% confidence interval=1.39-85.86; p=0.023). The group with ≤35 examined lymph nodes had significantly worse recurrence-free survival compared with the group with ≥36 examined lymph nodes (80.7% versus 98.7%; p=0.0005). Conclusion: The number of examined lymph nodes (≤35) was an independent risk factor for recurrence after radical gastrectomy with pT1N+ or pT2-3N0 gastric cancer.
Oligometastatic Lymph Node Recurrence Detected Using 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in a Patient With Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer After Radiation Therapy
Authors: MORI SHUNSUKE , KATO TAIGO , WATABE TADASHI , HATANO KOJI , ABE TOYOHUMI , FUKUHARA SHINICHIRO , KIUCHI HIROSHI , IMAMURA RYOICHI , UEMURA MOTOHIDE , NONOMURA NORIO
Published: August 2022

Background/Aim: Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most common types of cancer in men worldwide. Most patients with metastatic PC are treated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) using luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists and antagonists as first-line therapy. The majority of PC patients develop a castration-resistant PC (CRPC), which eventually leads to high mortality with poor prognosis, despite new targeted therapies. However, given that oligometastatic recurrence may enable local therapy in CRPC, accurate detection of metastatic lesions may improve clinical outcomes in patients with CRPC. Case Report: We report the case of an 83-year-old man with CRPC. 18Fluorine-prostate-specific membrane antigen-1007 positron emission tomography/ computed tomography (18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT) revealed weak physiological PSMA accumulation in the prostate and strong accumulation not only in the internal iliac lymph node but also in the two obturator lymph nodes that could not be detected with conventional CT or magnetic resonance imaging. Prostatic re-biopsy revealed no prostate malignancy. Under the diagnosis of oligometastases in the pelvic lymph nodes, the patient underwent laparoscopic pelvic lymph node dissection, which revealed lymph node metastases in two obturator lymph nodes and the internal iliac lymph node, corresponding to the PSMA accumulation sites. The patient experienced at least 7 months of recurrence-free duration without additional treatment. Conclusion: This study indicates a novel approach to oligometastatic CRPC by means of accurate staging with 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT.
Формирование методом молекулярно-пучковой эпитаксии с плазменной активацией азота гетероструктур с множественными квантовыми ямами InN/InGaN на сапфире
Authors: Калинников М.А. , Лобанов Д.Н. , Кудрявцев К.Е. , Андреев Б.А. , Юнин П.А. , Красильникова Л.В. , Новиков А.В. , Скороходов Е.В. , Красильник З.Ф.
Published: August 2022

The features of the process of growth of multilayer heterostructures with InN/InGaN quantum wells (QWs) by the method of molecular-beam epitaxy with nitrogen plasma activation in the mode of modulated metal fluxes are studied. To compensate for elastic stresses in the structure, the active region was formed in the form of an InN/InGaN superlattice matched over the average lattice parameter with the underlying InGaN buffer layer. It has been shown that during the growth of relatively narrow InN QWs up to 3 nm wide, there is no relaxation of elastic stresses in the active region of the structure, and the dislocation density remains at the level ND ∼ (3−4) · 10^10 cm−2, which corresponds to the dislocation density in InGaN buffer. Such structures demonstrate the most intense PL in the wavelength range of 1.3−1.5 µm. With the growth of wider QWs, the imperfection of the structures sharply
increases (ND > 10^11 cm−2), which is accompanied by a decrease in the emission intensity. The structures grown with InN/InGaN QWs demonstrated an order of magnitude better temperature
stability of PL compared to bulk InN layers (PL quenching by ∼ 3 and ∼ 25 times, respectively, in the temperature range of 77−300 K). Nevertheless, at a low temperature (T = 77 K), the PL intensity of the studied structures with InN/InGaN QWs is noticeably inferior to that for the bulk InN layer, which
apparently indicates a significant role of nonradiative recombination by the Shockley−Reed−Hall mechanism in structures with QWs (as opposed to Auger recombination in bulk InN).
Оптимизация гребенчатого волновода лазера на основе HgCdTe гетероструктуры для одномодовой генерации излучения дальнего ИК диапазона
Authors: Дубинов А.А. , Морозов С.В.
Published: August 2022

The parameters of an optically pumped stripe waveguide laser based on an HgCdTe heterostructure with quantum wells for single-mode generation of radiation in the wavelength range of 25−41 µm are optimized. It was shown that the width of the ridge should not exceed 15 µm to implement single-mode generation in
a laser with an etching depth covering the active region.
Растворимость магния в кремнии
Authors: Шуман В.Б. , Лаврентьев А.А. , Яковлева А.А. , Abrosimov N.V. , Лодыгин А.Н. , Порцель Л.М. , Астров Ю.А.
Published: August 2022

Методом масс-спектроскопии вторичных ионов исследована растворимость в кремнии примеси магния, введенного путем диффузии в интервале температур 1100-1300oС. Показано, что с учетом электрически неактивной компоненты примеси максимальная растворимость магния в кремнии на 1-2 порядка меньше, а коэффициент диффузии выше, чем опубликованные ранее данные. Ключевые слова: кремний, легирование, примесь магния, растворимость.
Закономерности поведения температурных зависимостей удельного сопротивления кристаллов твердых растворов (Bi-=SUB=-2-x-=/SUB=-Sb-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-)Te-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=- (0<x<2)
Authors: Степанов Н.П. , Иванов М.С. , Степанова Л.Э. , Виноградова Л.В.
Published: August 2022

It is shown that the change in the resistivity of crystals of solid solutions (Bi2-xSbx)Te3 (0<x<2) p-type in the temperature range preceding the onset of intrinsic conductivity is due not only to a change in the static relaxation time, the behavior of which in the temperature range from 80 to 300 K is determined mainly by the scattering of carriers on oscillations crystal lattice, but also by changing the concentration of light holes. The latter is a consequence of the transition of charge carriers from the subzone of heavy holes to the subzone of light holes, as a result of which the concentration of light holes, which make the main contribution to electrical conductivity, decreases with increasing temperature. As a consequence, the plasmon energy proportional to the concentration of charge carriers also decreases with increasing temperature, and the energy of this transition, comparable to the plasmon energy, increases. In this regard, crystals (Bi2-xSbx)Te3 have a specific feature due to the convergence of the plasmon energy and the interband transition, which creates conditions for increasing the intensity of the electron-plasmon interaction. Keywords: thermoelectric materials, bismuth and antimony tellurides, resistivity, interband transitions, plasma of free charge carriers.
Анализ вольт-фарадных характеристик МДП-структур с ALD Al-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=- на n- и p-CdHgTe, стабилизированном сверхтонким собственным оксидом
Authors: Закиров Е.Р. , Кеслер В.Г. , Сидоров Г.Ю. , Горшков Д.В. , Ковчавцев А.П.
Published: August 2022

Capacitance−voltage characteristics of metal dielectric semiconductor structures with atomic layer deposition Al2O3 on n- and p-Cd0.22Hg0.78Te (with and without a surface graded-gap layer) preliminary oxidized in oxygen glow discharge plasma (with the resulting oxide thickness of 2 nm) have been studied. The obtained structures reveal the positive fixed charge with a density of ∼ (1−6) · 10^11 cm^(−2). The ratio between a slow surface states density and a surface band gap width is almost independent on graded-gap layer presence, with the value of ∼ (4−8) · 10^11 cm^(−2) · eV^(−1). The proposed passivation approach provides near-ideal low-frequency capacitance-voltages characterized by weak influence of fast surface states. Films of CdHgTe grown without the graded-gap surface layer are proved to be much more sensitive to the process of oxidation in glow discharge plasma.
Offline Handwritten English Alphabet Recognition (OHEAR)
Authors: D. Majeed Hamsa , Saman Nariman Goran
Published: August 2022

In most pattern recognition models, the accuracy of the recognition plays a major role in the efficiency of those models. The feature extraction phase aims to sum up most of the details and findings contained in those patterns to be informational and non-redundant in a way that is sufficient to fen to the used classifier of that model and facilitate the subsequent learning process. This work proposes a highly accurate offline handwritten English alphabet (OHEAR) model for recognizing through efficiently extracting the most informative features from constructed self-collected dataset through three main phases: Pre-processing, features extraction, and classification. The features extraction is the core phase of OHEAR based on combining both statistical and structural features of the certain alphabet sample image. In fact, four feature extraction portions, this work has utilized, are tracking adjoin pixels, chain of redundancy, scaled-occupancy-rate chain, and density feature. The feature set of 27 elements is constructed to be provided to the multi-class support vector machine (MSVM) for the process of classification. The OHEAR resultant revealed an accuracy recognition of 98.4%.
Success4life Youth Empowerment for Promoting Well-being and Boosting Mental Health: Protocol for an Experimental Study
Authors: Setia Sajita , Furtner Daniel , Bendahmane Mounir , Tichy Michelle
Published: August 2022

Background

There is an increasingly alarming worsening of mental health among the youth. There remain significant unmet needs for developing innovative, evidence-based technology–enhanced, positive psychology interventions (PPIs) all-inclusive in targeting psychological distress and risk factors related to high-risk behavior commonly encountered in adolescents.

Objective

We aim to assess the effectiveness of a hybrid (incorporating both synchronous and asynchronous learning) and holistic (targeting social and emotional learning and tackling risk factors unique for this age group) PPI, “success4life youth empowerment,” in improving well-being in the youth.

Methods

Students’ well-being will be assessed by the 5-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index, and hope will be assessed by the 6-item Children’s Hope Scale at week 0, week 8, and week 10, month 6, and month 12. Any improvement in well-being and hope will be measured, estimating the difference in postintervention (week 8 and week 10) and preintervention (week 0) scores by determining the P value and effect size using appropriate statistical tests.

Results

This study includes 2 phases: pilot phase 1, delivered by the creators of the succcess4life youth empowerment modules and platform, and phase 2, which will consist of the estimation of scalability through the recruitment of trainers. We hope to start student recruitment by 2022 and aim to complete the results for phase 1 pilot testing by 2023.

Conclusions

We anticipate that a primarily web-based, 10-week holistic PPI can support improvement in the mental wellness of the youth and has the potential for effective scalability.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/38463
Use and usability of Homelab: a pilot with an online service for diagnostic tests implemented at the general practitioner (Preprint)
Authors: Schnoor Kyma , Versluis Anke , Chavannes Niels H. , Talboom-Kamp Esther
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

The pressure on primary care is increasing. eHealth can potentially make healthcare more accessible and efficient and help reduce the workload in primary care. Homelab is an eHealth tool implemented in the environment of the general practitioner. It offers relatively simple laboratory diagnostics to patients without having to get a referral from a general practitioner. After logging in, patients select and order a diagnostic test based on their symptoms. The test results are presented online to the general practitioner and patient.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to evaluate the use, usability, and user characteristics of Homelab. Furthermore, it aims to evaluate whether Homelab replaces an appointment with a general practitioner.

METHODS

Homelab has been implemented since May 2021 as a pilot in a Dutch general practice. The number of requests and ordered packages was monitored. After using Homelab, patients were invited to complete a short questionnaire. The questionnaire contained demographic questions and assessed usability using the System Usability Scale-10. In addition, questions about requesting an appointment with the general practitioner without Homelab are included. All data was collected anonymously.

RESULTS

The questionnaire was filled in by 74 individual patients. They had a mean age of 40.33 (SD = 12.11), and half of them were female (52%). The majority were highly educated (76%) and employed (72%). Of the total population, 81 % would use Homelab again in the future, and 66% would have gone to a general practitioner if Homelab had not been available. The usability was scored higher in the younger than in the older age group (respectively M = 73.96, SD = 14.74 and M = 61.59, SD = 14.37). In total, 106 test packages were ordered over one year, and the ‘Am I still healthy?’ was the most requested diagnostic test package. During the COVID-19 lockdown, Homelab was used most often.

CONCLUSIONS

The use of Homelab was studied. The usability of Homelab was perceived as above average. Patients were willing to use Homelab in the future and used Homelab most of the time as a replacement for regular consultations. Homelab offered opportunities for more accessible and efficient healthcare for both patients and general practitioners.
Leveraging mHealth to Manage Mental Health/ Behavioral Health Disorders: A Systematic Literature Review (Preprint)
Authors: Kruse Clemens Scott , Betancourt A. Jose , Gonzales Matthew , Dickerson Kennedy , Neer Miah
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

Mental health is a complex condition, highly related to emotion. The COVID-19 pandemic caused a significant spike in depression (from isolation) and anxiety (event related). mHealth and telemedicine offer solutions to augment patient care, provide education, improve symptoms of depression and assuage fears and anxiety.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this review is to assess the effectiveness of mHealth to provide mental healthcare by analyzing articles published in the last year in peer-reviewed, academic journals using strong methodology (RCT).

METHODS

We queried four databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect) using a standard Boolean search string. We conducted this systematic literature review in accordance with the Kruse Protocol, and we reported it in accordance with PRISMA 2020 (n=33).

RESULTS

Four interventions (mostly mHealth) from 14 countries identified improvements in both primary outcomes of depression and anxiety as well as several secondary outcomes: quality of life, mental well-being, cognitive flexibility, distress, sleep, self-efficacy, anger, decision conflict, decision regret, digestive disturbance, pain, and medication adherence.

CONCLUSIONS

mHealth interventions can provide education, treatment augmentation, and serve as the primary modality in mental healthcare. The mHealth modality should be carefully considered when evaluating modes of care.

CLINICALTRIAL
Detection System of Promotion Abuse Using Similarity and Risk Scoring Methods
Authors: Cut Fiarni  , Arief Samuel Gunawan  , Ishak Anthony
Published: August 2022

Offering promotion coupons is one of the most popular strategies of online marketing to attract new customers and increase customer loyalty. However, this strategy opens chances for fraud risk as the coupons are being redeemed multiple times using fake accounts. This risk becomes a burden to marketing costs and leads to failure to accomplish the intended strategic value. Therefore, this research focuses on building an automatic detection system of online promotion abuse based on its risk level. The proposed system also must work on live stream and bulk data. Therefore, in live stream data, it could alert the administrator before the transaction finished or the next process started. After conducting an exploratory factor analysis of the 24 attributes collected from four tables of data transaction, there were seven attributes indicating promotion abuse. These attributes were the user IP address, shipping address, mobile number, member email, order email, payment ID, and product name. Then, supervised machine learning of similarity algorithms was used to build models and find the hidden correlation of attributes to indicate the promotion abuse. The result from comparing five similarity methods showed that based on the workflow and performance, the most suitable methods for this case were exact match and Levenshtein edit base. The automatic risk scoring feature of the proposed system used seven attributes of online transactions as their most prominent promotion abuse parameter based on its hidden correlation. From the system performance testing, the result values of precision, recall, and F-measure are 95%, 93%, and 0.94, respectively. These results indicate that the system performance is satisfactory.
Analisis Kinerja Sensor TF-Mini LiDAR untuk Pengukuran Jarak
Authors: Fardiansyah Nur Aziz  , Masduki Zakarijah
Published: August 2022

Perkembangan digitalisasi saat ini begitu pesat. Adanya digitalisasi menyebabkan proses pengukuran jarak dapat dilakukan tanpa menyentuh objek yang diukur. Salah satu komponen untuk pengukuran jarak yang banyak tersedia di pasaran adalah sensor light detection and ranging (LiDAR). Beberapa penelitian sebelumnya terkait penerapan sensor LiDAR sudah dilakukan, seperti untuk robot automated guided vehicle (AGV), quadcopter, dan pemetaan vegetasi tropis. Penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya berfokus pada penerapan sensor LiDAR dan belum menguji secara detail akurasi beserta karakteristiknya. Terdapat kemungkinan bahwa kinerja dari komponen kurang sesuai dengan spesifikasi data teknis yang dituliskan. Makalah ini menyajikan hasil pengujian kinerja sensor LiDAR jenis TF-Mini LiDAR untuk pengukuran jarak. Pengujian sensor TF-Mini LiDAR ini menggunakan metode eksperimen. Kinerja sensor dilihat berdasarkan pembacaan jarak maksimal, tingkat akurasi, pengaruh warna objek, kemiringan, dan jenis material objek yang dibaca. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa kinerja sensor TF-Mini LiDAR memiliki tingkat akurasi 3,17% pada rentang 0,3 m sampai 6 m serta 3,27% pada rentang 6 m sampai 12 m dengan jarak pembacaan maksimal hingga 10 m. Warna biru dan bahan besi merupakan warna serta bahan terbaik yang dapat dibaca oleh sensor, dengan rata-rata error masing-masing sebesar 2,78% dan 3,22%. Hasil pembacaan jarak pada objek datar dengan kemiringan 10° sampai 80° (kuadran 1) akan melebihi jarak sebenarnya seiring dengan bertambahnya sudut kemiringan objek dengan rata-rata error yang dihasilkan sebesar 7%. Untuk objek datar dengan kemiringan 100° sampai 170° (kuadran 2) diperoleh rata-rata error sebesar 2,75%. Selain itu, makin besar sudut kemiringan objek, makin akurat pembacaan jaraknya. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian tersebut, dapat diketahui bahwa sensor TF-Mini LiDAR dapat membaca jarak dengan lebih akurat ketika objek yang terdeteksi berada pada rentang jarak 0,5 m sampai 10 m dengan warna dan bahan objek yang tidak menyerap cahaya. Selain itu, posisi objek yang terdeteksi dalam keadaan lurus.
Apolipoprotein L1 Genotypes and the Association of Urinary Potassium Excretion with CKD Progression
Authors: Ilori Titilayo O. , Liu Jing , Rodan Aylin R. , Verma Ashish , Mills Katherine T. , He Jiang , Winkler Cheryl A. , Dupuis Josée , Anderson Cheryl A.M. , Waikar Sushrut S.
Published: August 2022

Background and objectives

Progressive CKD in Black individuals is strongly associated with polymorphisms in the APOL1 gene, but it is unknown whether dietary risk factors for CKD progression vary in high- versus low-risk APOL1 genotypes. We investigated if APOL1 genotypes modify associations of dietary potassium and sodium with CKD progression and death.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

We analyzed 1399 self-identified Black participants enrolled in the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort from April 2003 to September 2008. Exposures were calibrated 24-hour urine potassium and sodium excretion. The primary outcome was CKD progression defined as the time to 50% decline in eGFR or kidney failure. The secondary outcome was CKD progression or death. We tested for an interaction between urinary potassium and sodium excretion and APOL1 genotypes.

Results

Median 24-hour urinary sodium and potassium excretions in Black participants were 150 mmol (interquartile range, 118–188) and 43 mmol (interquartile range, 35–54), respectively. Individuals with high- and low-risk APOL1 genotypes numbered 276 (20%) and 1104 (79%), respectively. After a median follow-up of 5.23 years, CKD progression events equaled 605, and after 7.29 years, CKD progression and death events equaled 868. There was significant interaction between APOL1 genotypes and urinary potassium excretion with CKD progression and CKD progression or death (P=0.003 and P=0.03, respectively). In those with high-risk APOL1 genotypes, higher urinary potassium excretion was associated with a lower risk of CKD progression (quartiles 2–4 versus 1: hazard ratio, 0.83; 95% confidence interval, 0.50 to 1.39; hazard ratio, 0.54; 95% confidence interval, 0.31 to 0.93; and hazard ratio, 0.50; 95% confidence interval, 0.27 to 0.93, respectively). In the low-risk APOL1 genotypes, higher urinary potassium excretion was associated with a higher risk of CKD progression (quartiles 2–4 versus 1: hazard ratio, 1.01; 95% confidence interval, 0.75 to 1.36; hazard ratio, 1.23; 95% confidence interval, 0.91 to 1.66; and hazard ratio, 1.53; 95% confidence interval, 1.12 to 2.09, respectively). We found no interaction between APOL1 genotypes and urinary sodium excretion with CKD outcomes.

Conclusions

Higher urinary potassium excretion was associated with lower versus higher risk of CKD progression in APOL1 high-risk and low-risk genotypes, respectively.
Analysis of environmental risks and impacts of an energy storage system: An applied case study of a photovoltaic plant in the Northeast of Brazil
Authors: Wessling Cristiane Schappo , Rodrigues Juliane de Melo , Andrade Juliano de , Santos Juliano José da Silva , Righi Rafaela Radaelli , Scremim Reginato Domingos , Lenz Renata Cristine Gonçalves , Fontenele Luiz Fernando Almeida
Published: August 2022

Batteries have been increasingly used as energy storage tools associated with the generation of solar and wind energy, contributing to the reduction of negative environmental impacts. However, as much as there is a reduction in impacts, when compared to other forms of energy generation, it is still relevant to analyze the environmental risks and impacts that may be linked to Energy Storage Systems (ESS). This study presents an analysis of environmental risks and impacts related to ESSs, based on lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, of a photovoltaic plant located in the Northeast of Brazil. The applied methodology involved two techniques: the Bow Tie method, for the analysis of environmental risks, and the Interaction Matrix method, for the analysis of environmental impacts. Within the scope of the Bow Tie method, diagrams of the situations relevant to this study were generated, identifying causes and consequences, as well as prevention and mitigation actions for each risk. The main environmental risks found were of fire and/or explosions and environmental contamination. In the event that these risks occur, the environmental impacts associated with the physical, biotic and anthropic environments, as well as with the phases of the Li-ion ESSs (operation and decommissioning), were also identified through the Interaction Matrix, which confirmed the importance of applying preventive and appropriate measures for the listed risks, in order to, as much as possible, avoid a wide range of impacts on the environment. Through this study, it was possible to highlight both the importance of the appropriate care for the protection of the environment and for the safety of the plant's employees and the surrounding community.
Pragmatic Analysis of Implicitness in Surat Al-Fajr in the Glorious Quran
Authors: Ali-Khan Zainab Jalel Ibrahim , Hussien Abbas Lutfi
Published: August 2022

Communicatively, it is unexpected that an utterance has only an explicit meaning that the speaker intends to convey. Actually, each utterance in addition to explicit meaning conveys a meaning that the speaker intends to mean implicitly. This paper aims to limit the scope of implicitness shedding the light on its types and the reasons that lead the speaker to hide part of his/her meaning. Veurchueren’s model of types of implicit meaning (1999) is adopted to account for the analysis of the data which involve ten extracts taken from Surat (Al-Fajr) سورة الفجر, to be interpreted in terms of implicitness types and reasons. The data analysis is carried out qualitatively through satisfactory explanation and directed to quantitatively decipher them through percentages explicated by the table. This paper concludes that politeness and humor are the social aspects that are utilized to express implicitness and presupposition is the main tool to indicate implicitness.
Matrices of Violence: A Post-structural Feminist Rendering of Nawal El Saadawi’s Woman at Point Zero and Lola Soneyin’s The Secrets of Baba Segi’s Wives
Authors: Shafi Uzma
Published: August 2022

There is quite a significant discourse on patriarchy and women identity in neo-colonial states. These studies border on dehumanization, victimization, and discrimination against women. Gender activists and women right advocates have been in the forefront of calls for recognition and protection of the rights of women in the African patriarchal society. The interventions recognize the African patriarchal structure, but the advocacy emphasizes the need to accord the female gender a pride of place in the sociocultural milieu. This study identified and analyzed lopsided societal treatment of the female gender in literary works of two African writers of different sociocultural backgrounds using Poststructuralist feminist theory. The study identified the societies reflected in the literary writings as representations of patriarchal societies that place the female gender in less favorable conditions; thus, making it subservient to the male gender. The study concluded that the female gender is disadvantaged in some African societies. The study recommends that all patriarchal societies need to accord the female gender respect and recognition in order to enhance their contribution to social and economic development of the society.
An Experimental Study on Behaviour of Concrete by Partial Replacement of Aggregate with Bamboo Pieces and Cement with Alccofine
Authors: Singh Ripudaman , Lalotra Sourabh
Published: August 2022

Abstract: In this paper, we are going to partially replace a coarse aggregate with bamboo pieces and a cement with Alccofine respectively. Alccofine is advanced micro fine material of new generation which is important in terms of workability as well as strength. The main aim of this work is to highlight the importance of bamboo and Alccofine 1203 as a coarse aggregate and cement replacement respectively in construction or concrete industries. ALCCOFINE 1203 of ultrafine particle size is added as a replacement of cement which wills not only help to improve the strength of the concrete but also provide resistance against chloride attack on concrete, sea water attack, and accelerated corrosion attack on concrete. An experimental investigation has been conducted to replace the natural coarse aggregate with different percentages of bamboo aggregate (by weight). The percentage of bamboo added by 0%, 4%, 8%, 12% , 16% , 20% and 24% as partial replacement of coarse aggregate used in concrete. Similarly, the percentage of alccofine added by 0%, 3% , 6%, 9%, 12%, 15% and 18% as partial replacement of cement (by weight) used in concrete.
Web Development of Automatic Cow Feeding Machine
Authors: Patil Kshitij Sunil , Berad Prashant Avinash , Lokare Swapnil Sharad , Jadhavar Sanket Shivaji
Published: August 2022

Abstract: A website is a collection of web pages and related content that is identified by a common domain name and published on at least one web server. Examples of notable websites are Google, Facebook, Amazon, and Wikipedia. All publicly accessible websites collectively constitute the World Wide Web. There are also private websites that can only be accessed on a private network, such as a company's internal website for its employees. Websites are typically dedicated to a particular topic or purpose, such as news, education, commerce, entertainment, or social networking. Hyperlinking between web pages guides the navigation of the site, which often starts with a home page. Users can access websites on a range of devices, including desktops, laptops, tablets, and smartphones. The app used on these devices is called a web browser. With the help of this information, we create a website for providing all of the information to the reader.
Smart Parking Solution for Multi Building Campus
Authors: K Rajanna , Karki Gaurav , Abhi Dr. Shinu
Published: August 2022

Abstract: Locating parking space is becoming a serious problem as more and more employees prefer to switch to personal commute due to prevailing pandemic situation across globe in office campus. Particularly, where there is multiple building inside main campus, and it is quite challenging to keep track of car parking inside a given building. Without parking availability information, commuter must shuttle around builds to find parking space during peak hours, and this will be a loss of time as well as frustration to the commuter. There are few options companies follow like physically counting cars at certain interval and update the dashboard, install badge reader at entry and exit and people must punch card at both the places, sensors have been installed in certain parking lots, allowing management to track when cars enter and exit, install Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and reader at entry and exit in order to track the capacity. All these methods will bring in burden on additional resource and high cost of installation of reader & necessary barricade systems respectively. Also, will add to regular maintenance of overall system. This project details DL implementation to create a vehicle counting system by using video from camera installed at the entry and exit path for vehicle. Pretrained model of YOLOv4 is used for object detection, vehicle tracking with Euclidean distance and counting. Since vehicle movement is considerably slow in pathway, performance of the model tested is 96.8% to 100% for varied frame rate of the video in parking capacity tracking
¿Es la epidemiologia crítica distinta de la social?
Authors: Bastidas Gilberto , Bastidas Daniel
Published: August 2022

Sr Editor, la concepción ecológica funcionalista de la epidemiología clásica no parece ser suficiente para abarcar el fenómeno salud-enfermedad, por ser fundamentalmente biologicista sin historia y desligado de la cultura que define a la sociedad, por centrarse en el reduccionismo empírico y cuantitativista, por abrigar las teorías totalizantes impositivas que sobreponen el conocimiento científico sobre el popular y por preferir la lógica de los factores de riesgo sobre la metacrítica y multicultura, de allí la necesidad de generar nuevas construcciones epistemológicas de la epidemiología en procura de recuperar y renovar este pensamiento científico clave para el estudio del complejo proceso salud-enfermedad con base en reflexiones sobre desigualdad, etnia, género, derechos humanos, justicia social, privación, exclusión social, subjetividad y en los modos de vida en lugar de factores de riesgo, entonces nacen la epidemiología social y crítica
Variables asociadas al conocimiento y uso de citología cervicouterina en mujeres de una universidad de Cartagena, Colombia
Authors: Castillo-Ávila Irma , Gómez-Bustamante Edna , Cogollo-Milanés Zuleima
Published: August 2022

Introducción: Anualmente se diagnostican 500.000 casos nuevos de cáncer de cuello uterino, aproximadamente 80% ocurren en países en desarrollo. La baja incidencia de la enfermedad está relacionada con la presencia de programas de detección temprana. Objetivo: Determinar las variables sociodemográficas y familiares asociadas al conocimiento y uso adecuado de la citología cervicouterina (CCU) en mujeres de una Universidad de Cartagena. Materiales y métodos: Estudio analítico, con 259 mujeres, estudiantes y trabajadoras de una institución universitaria. Los datos fueron recolectados utilizando una encuesta sociodemográfica, una de tipología familiar y preguntas que evaluaban los conocimientos y uso de la CCU.  Resultados: 42,3% (109) pertenecían a familias nucleares, seguido de 29,5% (76) a familias atípicas. El 85,3% (221) conoce la citología cervical, la principal fuente de información son las instituciones de salud 22,4% (57). El 54,12% (140) de las mujeres tenía una citología previa, y el 26,5% (67) la realiza anualmente. El Conocimiento estuvo asociado a la percepción de funcionalidad familiar, (OR 2,1245 (1,0338-4,3662). Conclusiones: La percepción de disfuncionalidad familiar es un elemento que reduce la práctica de la citología entre las mujeres estudiadas, siendo más importante esta reducción entre las mujeres de estratos más bajos y sin afiliación en salud.
Bandits and Poets: Images of the Post-Soviet Generation in the Poems of Boris Ryzhy
Authors:   Institute of Foreign Literature, Lee Jonghyeon
Published: August 2022

Boris Ryzhy (1974-2001) has become a symbol of modern Russian culture. However, he has received little attention from critics or researchers, and so his poetry has been left unanalyzed as a post-Soviet lyric. Nevertheless, his poetry can be characterized this way because it deals with the peculiarities of the generation that came of age during the period that bridged Soviet and the post-Soviet eras. Ryzhy derived the image of “bandits and poets” from the tragedy of this generation, and the image manifests itself in various ways. The two figures are mediated through a marked time “night” when bandits and poets alike face the harsh reality of life. Likewise, violence blended with the poetry comes to characterize the culture of the post-Soviet period. The unique combination of the languages of subculture and high culture as commented upon by several researchers should be examined via the dynamics of the post-Soviet relationship between violence and poetry.
Ability to Understand Mathematic Concepts: The Effect of The Hermeneutic Model Assisted by Gamification Teaching Materials
Authors: Sari Juwita
Published: August 2022

The ability to understand mathematical concepts in learning mathematics needs to be mastered by students to support the learning process and solve various mathematical problems. This study aims to determine the effect of the Hermeneutics-Assisted learning model of gamification teaching materials on the ability to understand mathematical concepts of students. This research is a type of Quasy Experimental Design research with a 3×1 factorial research design. The data collection technique in this study was a test of the ability to understand mathematical concepts. The data analysis techniques used are normality test, homogeneity test, and one-way analysis of variance. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that there was an effect of applying the Hermeneutics learning model assisted by gamification teaching materials on the ability to understand students' mathematical concepts. Hermeneutics learning model assisted by gamification teaching materials has a significant influence on the ability to understand mathematical concepts of students.
Students Ability to Solve Mathematical Problem Through Online Learning During Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Azhari Budi , Nurhalimah Nurhalimah , Anwar Anwar , Abidin Zainal
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the solving skill of students on mathematical problem through online learning during COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in solving the problem related area and perimeter of trapezium. Data collection is conducted by performing problem solving skill test and interview. Furthermore, the data analyses is conducted by data reduction, data presentation and conclusion formulation. This study concludes that students have very good ability to solve the problem during the online learning through whatsapp group and g-meet. Detail of the steps used in examining the problem solving abilty as follow: 1) problem comprehension; students as research subject able to explain the problem by using their own terms, analyse the problem by stating the known and unsolved variables and illustrating the provided pictures 2) planning the problem solving; subject can determine other condition from the problem, selecting and structuring the steps to solve the problems 3) implementing the problem solving; subject solved the problem by using the selected formula accordingly 4) cross-checking; subject cross-checked the solutions by using other method and compared the results.
A New Multilevel Inverter Topology for Symmetrical and Asymmetrical Configuration
Authors: raju kalidindi satya surya prasad , Vaisakh Kanchapogu
Published: August 2022

This paper presented a new modular symmetrical and asymmetrical
multilevel inverter topology. The multilevel output is obtained either
with independent DC source or additive or subtractive combination with
other DC sources. This paper presents a new algorithm ( an alternative
quinary sequence) for choosing input dc voltage sources magnitude.
Switching pulses to the proposed topology is created using Phase
Opposition Disposition (POD) pulse width modulation technique. The
proposed topology shows better performance compared to a few recent
topologies in terms of the switches count, DC sources count and the cost
function. Switching states were derived for the proposed topology to
create 5-Level, 9-Level and 49-Level. Simulation and experimental
results verify the validity of the proposed topology. Prototype was
developed to generate 9-Levels in the output voltage.