bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impacts of Nitrogen Management on No‐Till Maize Production Following Forage Cover Crops
Authors: Momesso Letusa , Crusciol Carlos A.C. , Soratto Rogério P. , Vyn Tony J. , Tanaka Katiuça S. , Costa Claudio H.M. , Neto Jayme Ferrari , Cantarella Heitor
Published: January 2019

Core Ideas

Urochloa brizantha as cover crop produced more biomass and nutrient cycling than U. ruziziensis.

Nitrogen fertilizer on Urochloa cover crops increased biomass production but limited maize yield.

The highest maize yields were obtained when N was applied on day before seeding or under conventional method (N applied at seeding plus sidedressing).

All N applied on Urochloa residue prior to maize can be an option, but is risky in regions of high rainfall.

Crop residue decomposition is slower in no‐till (NT) systems, especially in high‐biomass systems. Adopting optimum nN management can provide increased soil coverage and synchronize the supply of nutrients with the period of highest crop demand in agroecosystems. A three‐year experiment was conducted to assess the feasibility of applying N on forage grass cover crops before termination {Urochloa brizantha (Hochst. Ex A. Rich.) R.D. Webster [syn. Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst. Ex A. Rich) Stapf] and Urochloa ruziziensis (R. Germ. and C.M. Evrard) Crins [syn. B. ruziziensis (R. Germ. and C.M. Evrard)]}, or on forage grass cover crop residues immediately before maize (Zea mays L.) seeding, aiming to supply N to the following maize crop. Urochloa brizantha had 25% higher biomass production and a higher amount of nutrient content than U. ruziziensis. The N application before termination increased biomass production and nutrient content in cover crop residues compared with the conventional fertilization method (30 kg N ha−1 in the maize seeeding plus 170 kg N ha−1 sidedressed in V6 growth stage). Nitrogen applied one day before seeding (DBS) of maize or using conventional method resulted in a higher number of ears per plant and more kernels per ear as well as a higher grain yields of maize (13.8 and 14.1 Mg ha−1, respectively) compared to N applied on cover crops. Our results suggest that, while both forage grass cover crops produced greater amounts of dry matter (DM) and released similar amounts of nutrients, applying all N to cover crops before maize is not a feasible alternative. Nitrogen application 1 DBS could be an alternative management option to supply N to maize because this method resulted in similar nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) as conventional fertilization method.
Yield Stability in Bread Wheat Germplasm across Drought Stress and Non‐Stress Conditions
Authors: Sardouei‐Nasab Somayeh , Mohammadi‐Nejad Ghasem , Nakhoda Babak
Published: January 2019

Core Ideas

Discriminant function analysis was suitable to select the most desirable drought tolerance indices.

Residual maximum likelihood and additive main effects and multiplicative techniques were efficient methods in exploring the genotype × environment interaction.

Promising lines were recommended for stress‐prone environments.

Suitable screening techniques are required to select wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) lines exhibiting both high and stable yields in environments where drought stress is commonplace. Two recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations bred from crosses between a drought‐tolerant landrace Roshan and the cultivars Sabalan and Falat were evaluated in the field under both well‐watered and water‐stressed conditions. The drought stress was imposed by stopping irrigation at the flowering stage. Discriminant function analysis, based on a set of stress tolerance/sensitivity indices, was applied to identify the most desirable drought tolerance criterion. To quantify the size of the variation due to genotype × environment interaction (GEI), the grain yield over field trials was analyzed using the residual maximum likelihood (REML). The additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model was employed to determine the yield stability of the RILs. Finally, we screened a set of 10 drought‐tolerant lines with consistent performance across the test environments. The results of the AMMI and REMEL analysis showed that environment was the major source of variability (69.98%) followed by GEI (12%). The two AMMI biplots revealed that a set of three RILs yielded stably in all environments with the high mean yield response. These promising lines should be valuable as donors of favorable alleles to wheat improvement programs targeting stress‐prone environments.
Does Straw Return Strategy Influence Soil Carbon Sequestration and Labile Fractions?
Authors: Li Shuo , Li Xiushuang , Zhu Wenling , Chen Juan , Tian Xiaohong , Shi Jianglan
Published: January 2019

Core Ideas

Returning crop residues increased maize and wheat yields.

Returning crop residues increase soil organic carbon in the surface 20 cm.

Returning crop residues increase several soil labile organic C fractions.

The adoption of wheat straw return including stubbles 25–30 cm in height and maize straw return in combination with sub‐soiling is an optimal straw–return strategies for sustainable crop production.

Returning the crop residues has been documented to increase soil carbon storage. However, the impacts of different straw return strategies on soil C fractions and sustainable crop productivity are not fully understood. Here, we investigated the impact of different residue management systems on grain yields, SOC sequestration, and soil C fractions in a wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)–maize (Zea mays L.) double cropping system over 6 yr. The straw return strategies included no straw return (CK), conventional wheat straw return (WC), modified wheat straw return (WM), conventional maize straw return (MC), modified maize straw return (MM), conventional straw return for both wheat and maize (WC+MC), and modified straw return for both wheat and maize (WM+MM). The annual average grain yields of maize and wheat when compared to crop residue removal were increased by 32.5 and 50.5% than when the wheat straw and corn stover was not harvested, respectively. Compared to the initial value, the SOC stock increased over a 6 yr by 16.4% period when the wheat straw and corn stover was not harvested. The concentrations of microbial biomass C, very labile C, labile C, KMnO4–oxidizable C, and C management index were increased by returning the crop residue. Overall, the results suggested that the integrated and modified return strategy of both wheat and maize straw is an optimal way of sustainable crop production under the intensive wheat–maize double cropping rotation in the North–central Plain of China.
Tillage and Nitrogen Source Impacts on Relationships between Nitrous Oxide Emission and Nitrogen Recovery Efficiency in Corn
Authors: Omonode Rex A. , Vyn Tony J.
Published: January 2019

Quantitative understanding of relationships between N2O emission and plant N uptake are needed to select environmentally optimal management systems for corn (Zea mays L.) production. Studies were conducted from 2014 to 2016 in Indiana to assess long‐term tillage and N source effects on N2O emission, and in 2015 and 2016 on relationships between N2O losses and N recovery efficiency (NRE) and N use efficiency (NUE), in a continuous corn system. Tillage treatments (mostly in place since 1975) consisted of no till (NT), strip till (ST), chisel plow (CP), and moldboard plow (MP), whereas the N source comparison involved sidedress urea ammonium nitrate applied at 220 kg N ha−1 with and without nitrapyrin. Grain yield averaged 6.5% greater for MP than for CP and NT in the 3‐yr period. Nitrapyrin never increased grain yield or NRE but reduced cumulative seasonal N2O emission in 1 yr. Tillage affected N2O emission in 2 of 3 yr, when emissions decreased in the order MP > CP > ST > NT. Significant negative linear relationships existed between N2O emission and NRE under NT and ST, and between N2O and NUE under ST, but not for CP and MP. Overall, N2O losses under ST and NT decreased by 17 and 13 g N ha−1, respectively, per unit increase of NRE, and by 63 g N ha−1 per unit increase of NUE under ST. Our results confirmed that selected management systems such as NT or ST that improved NRE and/or NUE can potentially reduce N2O emissions during continuous corn production.

Core Ideas

Seasonal N2O losses were lower for no till (NT) and strip till (ST) vs. chisel and moldboard plow.

Mean N recovery efficiency (NRE) in continuous corn with 220 kg N ha−1 exceeded 70%.

Negative linear relationships existed between NRE or NUE and N2O under NT and ST.

Rate of cumulative N2O emission decline per unit gain in NRE was highest under NT.
Moving Towards Sustainable Policy and Practice – A Five Level Framework for Online Learning Sustainability | Progresser vers des politiques et des pratiques durables : un cadre à cinq niveaux pour un apprentissage en ligne durable
Authors: Casanova Diogo , Price Linda
Published: January 2019

This paper addresses the issue of sustainability in online learning in higher education. It introduces and discusses a five-level framework for helping higher education institutions to make the transition from enterprise to sustainable policy and practice in online learning. In particular, it responds to evidence in the literature regarding the lack of sustainability in online learning in higher education. Influenced by Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, this framework is characterized by three different clusters: basic needs, institutional motivation, and stakeholders’ motivations. It is presented hierarchically within five different levels. Examples are provided for each of the levels and suggestions are given to how institutions should respond to each level.Cet article traite de la question de la durabilité dans l’apprentissage en ligne pour l’éducation supérieure. Un cadre de travail à cinq niveaux y est introduit et fait l’objet d’une discussion. Ce cadre a pour but d’aider les établissements d’enseignement supérieur à faire la transition des initiatives complexes aux politiques et pratiques durables en matière d’apprentissage en ligne.. Ce cadre répond notamment aux données probantes de la documentation concernant le manque de durabilité dans l’apprentissage en ligne pour l’éducation supérieure. Influencé par la hiérarchie des besoins de Maslow, le cadre se caractérise par trois grappes différentes : les besoins de base, la motivation de l’établissement et les motivations des intervenants. Il est présenté de façon hiérarchique, en cinq niveaux différents. Des exemples sont fournis pour chacun des niveaux, et des suggestions sont offertes sur la manière dont les établissements devraient réagir à chaque niveau.
An Investigation of Item Bias of English Test: The Case of 2016 Year Undergraduate Placement Exam in Turkey
Authors: AKCAN Rabia , ATALAY KABASAKAL Kübra
Published: January 2019

The
purpose of this study is to determine whether English test items of
Undergraduate Placement Exam (UPE) in 2016 contain
differential item functioning (DIF) and differential bundle functioning (DBF)
in terms of gender and school type and examine the possible sources of bias of
DIF items. Mantel Haenszel (MH), Simultaneous Item Bias Test (SIBTEST) and
Multiple Indicator and Multiple Causes (MIMIC) methods were used for DIF
analyses. DBF analyses were conducted by MIMIC and SIBTEST methods. Expert
opinions were consulted to determine the sources of bias. Data set of the study
consisted of responses of 59818 students to 2016 UPE English test.  As a result of the analyses carried out on 60
items, it was seen that one item in translation subtest contained DIF favoring
male students. In school type based analyses, it was concluded that there were
nine DIF items in vocabulary and grammar knowledge subtest, six DIF items in
reading comprehension subtest and four DIF items in translation subtest.
Experts stated that one item containing DIF by gender was unbiased, and
evidence of bias was found in thirteen of nineteen items that contained DIF by
school type. According to DBF analyses, it was found that some item bundles
contained DBF with respect to gender and school type.  As a result of research, it was discovered
that there were differences with regard to the number of DIF items identified
by three methods and the level of DIF that the items contained; however,
methods were consistent in detecting uniform DIF.
Kireçtaşı Mermerlerinin Fiziko-mekanik Özellikleri ile P Dalga Hızı Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: KILIÇ Özen , KAHRAMAN Esma , KILIÇ Ahmet Mahmut
Published: January 2019

Ultrasonik teknikler madencilik alanında ve jeoteknik uygulamalarda yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Kayaç numuneleri üzerine kolay uygulanabilmesi, ekonomikliği ve basit bir şekilde numune hazırlanması vb. gibi olumlu özellikleri yöntemi çekici hale getirmektedir. Doğal taşların ultrasonik iletkenliğini etkileyen pek çok faktör mevcuttur. Bu çalışma kapsamında; farklı bölgelere ait kireçtaşı mermerlerinin tek eksenli basınç dayanımı, su emme oranı, Shore sertliği ve özgül ağırlıkları laboratuvar ortamında belirlenmiş ve P dalga hızı ile basit ve çoklu regresyon analizleri yapılarak ampirik formüller elde edilmiştir. Regresyon analizi, P dalga hızı değerlerinin tek eksenli basınç dayanımı, su emme oranı, Shore sertliği ve özgül ağırlık değerleri ile kuvvetli bir ilişki olduğunu göstermektedir. 
Bacterial Whole Cell Protein Profiling: Methodology, Applications and Constraints
Authors: Singhal Neelja , Maurya Anay Kumar , Virdi Jugsharan Singh
Published: January 2019

Background:

In the era of modern microbiology, several methods are available for identification and typing of bacteria, including whole genome sequencing. However, in microbiological laboratories or hospitals where genomic based molecular typing methods and/or trained manpower are unavailable, whole cell protein profiling using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis might be a useful alternative/supplementary method for bacterial identification, strain typing and epidemiology. Whole cell protein profiling by SDS-PAGE is based on the principle that under standard growth conditions, a bacterial strain expresses the same set of proteins, the pattern of which can be used for bacterial identification.

Objective:

The objective of this review is to assess the current status of whole cell protein profiling by SDS-PAGE and its advantages and constraints for bacterial identification and typing.

Results and Conclusions:

Several earlier and recent studies prove the potential and utility of this technique as an adjunct or supplementary method for bacterial identification, strain typing and epidemiology. There is no denying the fact that utility of this technique as an adjunct or supplementary method for bacterial identification and typing has already been demonstrated and its practical applications need to be evaluated further.
Advances in Triazole Synthesis from Copper-catalyzed Azide-alkyne Cycloadditions (CuAAC) Based on Eco-friendly Procedures
Authors: de Souza Marcus Vinicius Nora , da Costa Cristiane França , Facchinetti Victor , Gomes Claudia Regina Brandão , Pacheco Paula Mázala
Published: January 2019

Background:

1,2,3-triazoles are an important class of organic compounds and because of their
aromatic stability, they are not easily reduced, oxidized or hydrolyzed in acidic and basic environments.
Moreover, 1,2,3-triazole derivatives are known by their important biological activities and have drawn
considerable attention due to their variety of properties. The synthesis of this nucleus, based on the click
chemistry concept, through the 1,3-dipolar addition reaction between azides and alkynes is a well-known
procedure. This reaction has a wide range of applications, especially on the development of new drugs.

Methods:

The most prominent eco-friendly methods for the synthesis of triazoles under microwave irradiation
published in articles from 2012-2018 were reviewed.

Results:

In this review, we cover some of the recent eco-friendly CuAAC procedures for the click synthesis of
1,2,3-triazoles with remarks to new and easily recoverable catalysts, such as rhizobial cyclic β-1,2 glucan;
WEB (water extract of banana); biosourced cyclosophoraose (CyS); egg shell powder (ESP); cyclodextrin (β-
CD); fish bone powder; nanoparticle-based catalyst, among others.

Conclusion:

These eco-friendly procedures are a useful tool for the synthesis of 1,2,3-triazoles, providing
many advantages on the synthesis of this class, such as shorter reaction times, easier work-up and higher yields
when compared to classical procedures. Moreover, these methodologies can be applied to the industrial
synthesis of drugs and to other areas.
Phytochemicals: Key to Effective Anticancer Drugs
Authors: Hussain Munawar , Khera Rasheed Ahmad , Iqbal Javed , Khalid Muhammad , Hanif Muhammad Asif
Published: January 2019

Cancer is considered one of the globally top lethal and never-ending public health troubles which affects the humankind population that mainly suffers from bone marrow tumor, breast cancer and lung cancer. Many health professionals and scientists have developed conventional therapies with a number of different modules of medicines obtainable from drugstores to cure diversified cancer disease despite the fact that none of these drugs have been found to be fully effective and safe. So, there is a great potential for the study of medicinal plants to reveal powerful anticancer activities. This coherent review is focused on an extensive investigation of frequently incited therapies through naturally occurring medicinal plants that cover a large number of pharmacological anticancer activities. During recent years, research has been focused on the structural modifications to accomplish anticancer medicines, drugs and complex physical therapies. Nevertheless, all reported therapies crafted improvements in the quality of cancer patients’ life issues however; these efforts are required to be escalated at a large scale and in high level clinical trials. The review covers the literature from 1985-2016.
Solar Exfoliated Graphene Oxide: A Platform for Electrochemical Sensing of Epinephrine
Authors: Sadhana Renjini , Abraham Pinky , Vidyadharan Anithakumary
Published: January 2019

Introduction:

In this study, solar exfoliated graphite oxide modified glassy carbon electrode was used for the anodic oxidation of epinephrine in a phosphate buffer medium at pH7. The modified electrode showed fast response and sensitivity towards Epinephrine Molecule (EP). The electrode was characterized electrochemically through Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) and Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV). Area of the electrode enhanced three times during modification and studies reveal that the oxidation process of EP occurs by an adsorption controlled process involving two electrons. The results showed a detection limit of 0.50 ± 0.01μM with a linear range up to 100 μM. The rate constant calculated for the electron transfer reaction is 1.35 s-1. The electrode was effective for simultaneous detection of EP in the presence of Ascorbic Acid (AA) and Uric Acid (UA) with well-resolved signals. The sensitivity, selectivity and stability of the sensor were also confirmed.

Methods:

Glassy carbon electrode modified by reduced graphene oxide was used for the detection and quantification of epinephrine using cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry.

Results:

The results showed an enhancement in the electrocatalytic oxidation of epinephrine due to the increase in the effective surface area of the modified electrode. The anodic transfer coefficient, detection limit and electron transfer rate constant of the reaction were also calculated.

Conclusion:

The paper reports the determination of epinephrine using reduced graphene oxide modified glassy carbon electrode through CV and DPV. The sensor exhibited excellent reproducibility and repeatability for the detection of epinephrine and also its simultaneous detection of ascorbic acid and uric acid, which coexist in the biological system.
Performance Evaluation of Edge Orientation Histograms Based System for Real-time Object Detection in Two Separate Platforms
Authors: Guennouni Souhail , Mansouri Anass , Ahaitouf Ali
Published: January 2019

Background:

Real-time object detection has been attracting much attention recently due
the increasing market need of such systems. Therefore, different detection algorithms and techniques
have been evaluated to create a reliable detection system. The main challenge to implement a realtime
reliable detection system relies on the algorithm training phase. During this phase, a large
number of object image database needs to be prepared for each object to be detected.

Objective:

In this work, we implement a simultaneous object detection system based on local Edge
Orientation Histograms (EOH) as feature extraction method with a smaller objects image database.
Then, we evaluate the performance of this detection system in two separate platforms.

Methods:

We evaluated the performance of the detection of Ede Orientation Histograms against
HAAR and Local Binary Patterns (LBP) algorithms using two different objects. After that, we discussed
the evaluation of the detection systems on the standard platform in addition to the porting
process into the embedded platform.

Results:

We achieved excellent results on both face and hands objects using less than 300 samples.
This number is really negligible compared to the size of the image database used by state-of-the-art
solutions. In terms of quality of detection, we have achieved more than 93% detection accuracy for
the standard platform and 91.8% in the embedded platform for both face and hand objects.

Conclusion:

In this work, we demonstrated how Edge Orientation Histograms-based detection system
gives better performance results than the algorithms evaluated against with less than 300 images
database in two separate platforms.
Effek Penggunaan Probiotik dan Tepung Kunyit (Curcuma domestica Val.) pada Pakan Terhadap Performa Broiler
Authors: Widiawati Mariani Jesika , Muharlien Muharlien , Sjofjan Osfar
Published: January 2019

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui effek penggunaan probiotikÂ  dan tepung kunyit ( Curcuma domestica Val.) pada pakan terhadap performa broiler. Materi menggunakan 100 ekor broiler strain Lohmann (unsex), Probiotik yang digunakan jenis Lactobacillus sp dengan konsentrasi 4,72 x 108 CFU/ml dalam bentuk tepung. Analisis dataÂ  menggunakan Anova denganÂ  Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), jika hasil berbeda nyata (P<0,05) dilanjut dengan uji jarak berganda duncan (UJBD). Variabel yang diambil adalah konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan dan konversi pakan. PerlakuanÂ  terdiri dari : P0 (pakan basal), P1 (pakan basal + 0,1%Â  tepungÂ  kunyit),Â  P2 ( pakan basal + 0,1% probiotik),Â  P3 ( pakan basal + 0,05% tepung kunyit + 0,05% probiotik). Hasil penelitian menunjukan penggunaan probiotik dan tepung kunyit (Curcuma domestica Val.) pada pakan berpengaruh tidak nyata (P>0,05) terhadap konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan dan konversi pakan. Penggunaan campuran tepung kunyit 0,05 % dan probiotikk 0,05% dalam pakan.Â  Secara numerik menunjukan adanya kecenderung yang positif terhadap konsumi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan, dan konversi pakan. Kesimpulan: penggunaan probiotik 0,05 % dan tepung kunyit 0,05 % pada pakan cenderung meningkatkan performa produksi ayam pedaging.
Women and Hoax News Processing on WhatsApp
Authors: Ilahi Hani Noor
Published: January 2019

The word hoax became popular with the development of technology that has potentially increased the circulation of hoax news. One of the ways hoax news circulates is through mobile instant messaging applications like WhatsApp, where users can interact directly, or between individuals who are members of a group. In Indonesia, by 2017, WhatsApp was the most used and the longestused mobile instant messaging application, having 35.87 million users. This study focuses on women using WhatsApp, as previous studies have shown that women dominate social media use in Indonesia. Using the elaboration likelihood model, this study aimed to investigate how women process hoax messages about child abduction on WhatsApp. The results of research through interviews and surveys indicate that women tend to process hoax messages about the abduction of children through peripheral lines. The lack of media literacy and the tendency to prioritize the emotional aspects of a story make some women vulnerable to spreading hoaxes through WhatsApp. In this study, the researchers recommend a digital empowerment movement to improve women’s media literacy through an online lecture model on WhatsApp. This program should be professionally managed by experts or academics from relevant fields of study.
DIFFERENCES IN REQUIREMENTS AND CONSENSUS REQUIREMENTS ON TAX OBJECTIVES
Authors: Kumalasari Shaffera , Subroto Bambang , Adib Noval
Published: January 2019

AbstrakBerdasarkan Laporan Kinerja Direktorat Jenderat Pajak tahun 2013-2016, rasio kepatuhan pajak hanya berkisar 56,21%-63.15%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji alasan apa yang menyebabkan wajib pajak memiliki niat penggelapan pajak dengan menggunakan kondisi kebutuhan dan konsensus. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian eksperimen dengan laboratorium eksperimen. Desain eksperimen menggunakan desain faktorial 2x2, yang berarti 2 (dua) variabel dengan 2 (dua) level yang berarti ada 4 (empat) kondisi atau 4 (empat) kelompok dalam penelitian. Penelitian ini menggunakan mahasiswa Pascasarjana Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis jurusan Magister Akuntansi, Magister Manajemen, dan Magister Ilmu Ekonomi di Universitas Brawijaya sebagai partisipan. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah two ways anova menggunakan aplikasi IBM SPSS Versi 23. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa ada perbedaan pada kondisi kebutuhan tinggi dan kebutuhan rendah dan ada perbedaan pada kondisi konsensus tinggi dan konsensus rendah. Niat penggelapan pajak tertinggi pada kondisi kebutuhan tinggi dan konsensus tinggi, sebaliknya niat penggelapan pajak terendah pada kondisi kebutuhan rendah dan konsensus rendah. Penelitian ini berkonttribusi pada teori atribusi, motivasi, dan teori asosiasi diferensial.Kata kunci : kebutuhan, konsensus, niat penggelapan pajak
COMPETENCY OF HUMAN RESOURCES AND LOVE OF MONEY ATTITUDE IN MANAGEMENT OF FINANCIAL SMALL-MEDIUM MICRO BUSINESS
Authors: Saputra Komang Adi Kurniawan , Ekajayanti L.G.P. Sri , Anggiriawan Putu Budi
Published: January 2019

This research explores the relationship between human resource competence and love of money attitude toward financial management of small and medium enterprises based on economic entity concept with moderated by knowledge management. This study proves that with the integration of several disciplines can help SMEs in managing their business, both from human resource management and accounting and financial management. This study uses a sample of 100 MSMEs engaged in the trade sector in Gianyar regency. Using MRA (Moderated Regression Analysis) method. The results of this study are the competence of human resources and attitudes of love of money affect the financial management based on economic entity concept. Further knowledge management is able to moderate the relationship between competence of human resources and attitude of love of money to financial management based on economic entity concept.
DISCLOSURE OF IRS POST SEGMENT CONVERGENCE
Authors: Fatmawati Dian Surya Ayu , Subroto Bambang , Rahman Aulia Fuad
Published: January 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine what extent of disclosure segmental reporting after IFRS convergence in Indonesia. The great value of this study is highlighted by the effort to empirically investigate the beginning impact of segmental disclosure standard to segment number. Descriptive analysis was used to describe changes of  Line Of Business (LOB) segment, geographical segment, level of specificity number. The study consist of 32 Multinational company that listing in Indonesian Stock Exchange (ISE) at 2012-2017. Thus result show that number and types of segments reported decrease 4% for LOB and 2% for geographic segment and using more disaggregated at geographic level. Those findings about changing can help to lead an insight of segmental disclosure implementation in the future.
POLÍTICAS DE EXPANSÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL NA BAIXADA FLUMINENSE. POLICIES FOR THE EXPANSION OF CHILDREN EDUCATION IN BAIXADA FLUMINENSE
Authors: Do Nascimento Anelise Monteiro
Published: January 2019

Este artigo apresenta os resultados da pesquisa “Ampliação da Educação Básica na Baixada Fluminense: a obrigatoriedade da inclusão das crianças de quatro anos nos sistemas de ensino”. A pesquisa se propôs a investigar a entrada de crianças com mais de quatro anos na escolarização obrigatória a partir da política nacional de universalização da pré-escola (Lei 12.796/13) e seus impactos nos sistemas de ensino da Baixada  fluminense. Metodologicamente foram aplicados questionários nos municípios investigados. O trabalho de campo ocorreu nos anos de 2014 e 2015. A pesquisa revelou que as mudanças advindas da implementação da política nacional de universalização da pré-escola não garantiram, até 2016, ano limite para adequação dos sistemas, o amplo quantitativo de vagas necessárias para a entrada das crianças de quatro e cinco anos na Educação Básica obrigatória.
The effect of transplantation of bone marrow cells induced by the contact with thymus-derived multipotent stromal cells on the immune system of mice, regenerating after cyclophosphamide treatment
Authors: Demchenko D.
Published: January 2019

The effect of transplantation of syngeneic bone marrow cells (BMCs) after their contact in vitro with thymus-derived multipotent stromal cells (MSCs) for regeneration of damaged by cyclophosphamide immune system of mice was studied.Materials and methods. MSCs were obtained from C57BL/6 mice’s thymus by explants method. BMCs were obtained by flushing the femurs. BMCs were induced for 2 hours on the monolayer of thymus-derived MSCs. The immune deficiency of mice was modelled using cyclophosphamide injection. After that, cell transplantation was performed and the state of the immune system was assessed. The number of erythrocytes, hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration in the peripheral blood; the phases of the cell cycle and apoptosis of mesenteric lymph node cells were determined. The amount of antibody-producing cells in the spleen and the delayed hypersensitivity response was determined. The study of proliferative and cytotoxic activity of natural killer lymphocytes, the analysis of phagocytosis, spontaneous and induced bactericidal activity of peritoneal macrophages were performed.Results. It was shown that unlike intact bone marrow cells, BMCs induced by thymus-derived MSCs provided increased spontaneous proliferative activity of lymphocytes with a decrease in the number of lymph node cells in G0/G1 phase by 6.2 % and an increase the number of lymphocytes in S+G2/M phase by 28 % in comparison with the group of mice treated with cyclophosphamide, as well as the recovery of cellularity of the bone marrow, lymph nodes and spleen. At the same time in the lymph nodes, the number of cells in the apoptosis increased. BMCs induced by MSCs showed a pronounced negative effect on natural cytotoxicity, reducing its rates by 3 times compared with the group of cyclophosphamide-treated mice, and on adaptive immunity: the rates of delayed hypersensitivity response decreased by 1.7 times, number of antibody-producing cells by 1.8 times. Red blood cell regeneration was stimulated by intact BMCs, which was manifested by the normalization of hematocrit and hemoglobin and an increase in the number of reticulocytes in the blood by 2.2 times compared with the group of mice treated with cyclophosphamide.Conclusion. Transplanted BMCs improve erythropoiesis in mice after cyclophosphamide treatment, and BMCs, previously induced by thymus-derived MSCs, lose this ability. BMCs after co-culture are strongly activated to impact on the immune system, which is most likely due to the effect of contact interaction with thymus-derived MSCs, which is known, effectively affect hematopoietic cells and possess immunomodulatory properties.
The risks associated with agricultural production in the average farm in Poland
Authors: Zaród Jadwiga
Published: January 2019

Dla przeciętnego gospodarstwa rolnego w Polsce zbudowano liniowo-dynamiczne modele optymalizacyjne z losowymi parametrami funkcji celu. Do rozwiązywania tych modeli wykorzystano trzy algorytmy: maksymalizujący dochód rolniczy, minimalizujący ryzyko jego osiągnięcia i minimalizujący ryzyko uzyskania dochodu z określonego przedziału. Algorytmy te wykorzystują w trakcie obliczeń programowanie liniowe i kwadratowe. Wyniki rozwiązań wskazują plany produkcji, których realizacja umożliwia osiągnięcie najwyższego w danych warunkach dochodu rolniczego bądź najniższego ryzyka związanego z realizacją dochodu. Miarą ryzyka jest odchylenie standardowe wyznaczone na podstawie macierzy wariancji i kowariancji dochodów rolniczych uzyskanych w latach 2006–2012. Cel tej pracy to ukazanie ryzyka związanego z produkcją rolniczą, której efektem jest uzyskany dochód rolniczy.
Determination of metribuzin content in pesticide formulations using electroanalytical methodology
Authors: Djurovic Ana , Stojanovic Zorica , Kravic Snezana , Zeremski Tijana , Grahovac Nada , Brezo-Borjan Tanja
Published: January 2019

The work presents results of the determination of metribuzin content in
commercial pesticide formulations by applying chronopotentiometry with thin
film mercury electrode as an electrochemical sensor. In the analyzed
pesticide formulations, a single well defined reduction peak of metribuzin
is observed at the potential around -880 mV. The content of the herbicide in
commercial formulations is determined using the calibration curve method, by
applying the initial potential of -0.21 V, and the final potential of -1.10
V. Recovery values based on the declared and found content of the active
ingredient are in the range from 100.67% to 101.68%, with the values of
relative standard deviation lower than 1.00%, indicating high accuracy and
precision of the presented method.
Chemical composition, biological potentials and antimicrobial activity of wild and cultivated blackberries
Authors: Jazic Miodrag , Vulic Jelena , Kukric Zoran , Topalic-Trivunovic Ljiljana , Savic Aleksandar
Published: January 2019

The aim of this study was to compare the chemical compositions and biological
potentials (antioxidant potentials, ?-glucosidase test and antimicrobial
activity) of wild and cultivated blackberry varieties from two different
locations. The chemical compositions were evaluated in fresh samples, while
the biological potentials were measured in dry blackberry extracts. The
highest dry matter (15.73 g/100 g fw) was obtained for wild blackberry from
Verici (Bw2). The significantly higher content of sugars (6.07 g/100 g fw)
and ascorbic acid (21.36 g/100 g dw) was found in Chester Thornless
blackberry (Bc1) comparing to other samples. The wild blackberry from
Javorani (Bw1) showed the highest amount of polyphenols, as well as
antioxidant potentials on DPPH (184.26 mmol Trolox/kg dw), ABTS (340.26 mmol
Trolox/kg dw) and OH (944.03 mmol BHT/kg dw) radicals. The antihyperglycemic
potentials of the extracts were determined by the ?-glucosidase test. The
cultivated blackberry Cacanka Bestrna (Bc2) showed the stronger inhibition
of ?-glucosidase enzyme (?-GIP = 50.69 %) than other varieties (p<0.05).
Wild blackberry extracts showed higher antibacterial and antifungal activity
towards Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Aspergillus niger. The
results presented in this study indicated the differences between wild and
cultivated blackberry varieties, as well as mutual differences in chemical
composition, polyphenol contents, biological potentials, along with the
antimicrobial activity of wild and cultivated blackberry varieties from two
different locations in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Secondary pollution of water during the biosorption of heavy metal ions by pristine and sugar beet shreds from bioethanol production
Authors: Kukic Dragana , Sciban Marina , Vasic Vesna , Prodanovic Jelena
Published: January 2019

When biomaterials are used as adsorbents, some compounds present in their
structure can be extracted and cause secondary pollution of the treated
water. Depending on the type and amount of the secondary pollution, some
materials can be unacceptable as adsorbents despite of their good adsorption
capacity. Although, it is not a newly discovered phenomenon and it is
recognized as a problem, leaching from adsorbents is neglected. The aim of
our study is to investigate the secondary pollution of the water during the
biosorption of heavy metal ions by pristine and modified sugar beet shreds
from bioethanol production. The presence of different elements in the
mentioned adsorbents, secondary pollution of the water during the adsorption
of heavy metal ions and amount of reducing sugars in the water treated by
pristine sugar beet shreds were characterized by the SEM-EDS method, the
amount of the leached inorganic and organic matter from the adsorbents
(atomic absorption spectroscopy and permanganate index) and Bertrand's
method, respectively. Furthermore, the obtained results were compared to the
available literature data. Our results showed that according to the valid
regulations of emission limit values of the polluting substances in the
water and adsorption capacity, the investigated adsorbents have a great
potential as biosorbents for practical treatment of wastewaters which
contain high concentrations of heavy metal ions.
Synergy of radioactive 241Am and the effect of hollow cathode in optimizing gas-insulated surge arresters characteristics
Authors: Jusic Alija , Bajramovic Zijad , Turkovic Irfan , Mujezinovic Adnan , Osmokrovic Predrag
Published: January 2019

The paper discusses the possibility of improving the character of gas surge
arresters. Examined were: the magnetic field effect, the effect of the
hollow cathode, and the effect of the alpha radiation source 241Am.
Numerical and real experiments conducted are presented together with
theoretical interpretations of the obtained results. Real experiments were
carried out on a model of a gas surge arrester spatially constructed for
experiments presented in this paper. The model was designed in such a way
that it was possible to change all the relevant parameters of the gas
surge arrester model. Experiments were conducted under well-controlled
laboratory conditions. The tests were performed with d. c. and impulse
voltage. The results obtained by experiments were processed by sophisticated
statistical methods. The expressed measurement uncertainty of the
experimental procedure showed a high statistical reliability of the obtained
results. Based on the results of the research, the model of a gas surge
arrester, in which the effect of the hollow cathode and the radioactive
source 241Am were combined, unambiguously proved to have the best
characteristics.
Accounting in 2036: A Learned Profession
Authors: Christensen John
Published: January 2019

My assignment is to analyze the development of accounting thought and its position within the university. The focus is on the expected development in the next 20 years, despite the fact that that is an impossible task. I will ruthlessly extrapolate from my personal observations of the activities in the accounting community. In doing this, I will deal with accounting research, the relationship between research and teaching within the field of accounting, and the relation to other disciplines in the business school. This will be done in three steps. I will give a brief review of the recent history of accounting thoughts, then comment on current status of 2016, and, finally, give some perspectives. The road ahead is going to be bumpy as many institutional barriers are in the way. This has to change for the accounting academics to retake their space in the academic community.
Auditor Changes and the Cost of Bank Debt
Authors: Francis Bill B. , Hunter Delroy M. , Robinson Dahlia M. , Robinson Michael N. , Yuan Xiaojing
Published: January 2019

This article was originally published in 2017 in The Accounting Review 92 (3): 155-184.
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block Injection Pain Using a Computer-Controlled Local Anesthetic Device (CCLAD): A Prospective, Randomized Study
Authors: Fowler Sara , Crowley Chase , Drum Melissa , Reader Al , Nusstein John , Beck Mike
Published: January 2019

There is evidence that the Computer-Controlled Local Anesthetic Device (CCLAD) decreases the pain of oral injections. The purpose of this study was to evaluate injection pain of the inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) using the CCLAD in an upright position versus a supine position. Additionally, we evaluated solution deposition pain with the CCLAD when compared to previous studies using a traditional syringe. One hundred ten asymptomatic subjects were randomly given IANBs using 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine while in an upright sitting position and supine position, at 2 different appointments, spaced at least 2 weeks apart. Each subject rated the pain for needle insertion, needle placement, and solution deposition on a Heft-Parker visual analogue scale. Pain ratings were compared between the upright and supine positions using a repeated-measures analysis of variance with post hoc testing using the Tukey-Kramer procedure. Moderate to severe pain was reported by 10% to 13% of the patients for needle insertion, 74% to 75% for full needle placement, and 8% to 10% for solution deposition. There was no significant difference between groups for phases of the injection. When comparing the injection phases within the groups, the needle placement phase of the injection was statistically more painful than both the needle insertion phase and solution deposition phase (p = .0001). Using the CCLAD, IANB injection pain of the supine and upright positions was not statistically different. Needle placement was the most painful phase of the injection. Solution deposition pain was less with the CCLAD when compared to other studies of the IANB using a traditional syringe.
The Effects of Mouth Opening and Throat Pack Placement on Uncuffed Nasal Endotracheal Tube Leakage and Delivered Tidal Volumes in Mechanically Ventilated Pediatric Patients Undergoing Dental Procedures
Authors: Bradford Katie E. , Siegelman Louis I. , Psoter Walter J.
Published: January 2019

Intubation for pediatric patients is frequently performed with an uncuffed endotracheal tube (ETT), which may result in an incomplete tracheal seal, resulting in gas leakage (leak). The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of (1) mouth opening and (2) throat pack placement in sealing and/or minimizing this leak to an acceptable level while providing adequate tidal volumes in mechanically ventilated patients. This prospective study of 2- to 6-year-olds undergoing general anesthesia with nasal intubation for dental procedures in the New York University–Lutheran Medical Center operating room was conducted between March 2015 and October 2015. Three sequential tidal volume (VT) measurements were recorded: postintubation with the neck extended, with mouth opened, and after throat pack placement. Twenty-five subjects were included in the analyses. For subjects in whom no leak was detected, only throat pack placement statistically improved VT. This is in marked contrast to numerically large, statistically significant effects, relative to baseline, for mouth opening (±23.2 mL, p < .009, 21% increase from baseline) and throat pack placement (±46 mL, p < .009, 41% increase from baseline) when a leak was detected. In children 2–6 years of age, nasal intubation with uncuffed ETTs that have incomplete tracheal seal have improved VT with mouth opening and throat pack placement. This finding suggests that the intubation procedure is a process that extends through positioning, mouth opening, and throat pack placement.
Difficult Nasal Intubation Using Airway Scope® for a Child With Large Tumor
Authors: Matsumura Tomoka , Suzuki Chihiro , Kubota Kazumasa , Minakuchi Shunsuke , Fukayama Haruhisa
Published: January 2019

We report a case of difficult nasal intubation utilizing a Pentax-Airway scope® AWS-100. A 4-month-old female with a rapidly growing melanotic neuroectodermal tumor was scheduled for resection under general anesthesia. The tumor was a large rubbery mass located in the middle of the mandible. For nasal intubation using the AWS, guidance of the tube toward the glottis was attempted using pediatric Magill forceps. Although we could hold the tube with the Magill forceps, it was difficult to insert the tube into the trachea due to the limited space in her hypopharynx. We then used a standard laryngoscope with a Miller straight blade for direct visual laryngoscopy and successfully intubated the patient with the aid of the pediatric Magill forceps. We often experience difficulty navigating a nasal endotracheal tube toward the glottis even when a clear glottic view is obtained with video laryngoscopes, especially in children with a small oropharyngeal space. However, some reports have been shown that video laryngoscopes are useful for intubation of the difficult airway and causes less stress to the upper airway than direct visual laryngoscopy. Video laryngoscopy can be an excellent way to provide nasal intubation in some but not all children.
Cartografias de áreas precárias: um ensaio sobre ensino e pesquisa na pós-graduação da FAUUSP
Authors: Zuquim Maria de Lourdes , Mange Grinover Marina
Published: January 2019

Este artigo examina a importância da experimentação de práticas de ensino na atividade de pesquisa em pós-graduação, considerando as particularidades dos territórios precários urbanos. O objetivo proposto da disciplina foi elaborar um mapeamento das condições da favela São Remo como estudo de caso e laboratório, articulando simultaneamente a pesquisa teórica e a vivência na comunidade. Como resultado o grupo consolidou um saber sobre o território capaz de ser sistematizado a partir de uma análise urbana, geográfica, antropológica e social. Este conhecimento, foi sintetizado em cartografias, diagramas e mapas que permitem o acesso de modo claro e preciso dos dados históricos, territoriais e sociais da favela São Remo. O material está disponível em plataforma digital. Pode-se observar que a análise das áreas precárias nas cidades brasileiras necessita de um campo ampliado de leituras capazes de contemplar a complexidade do lugar, seus habitantes rompendo o estigma que aparta do entendimento da cidade nestes bairros precários
Formação popular em planejamento territorial: relato de experiência e reflexão sobre resultados [Popular educational experience in territorial planning: report of experience and reflection on results]
Authors: Moretti Ricado , Gonsales Talita Anzei , Corazza Delana
Published: January 2019

Apresenta-se uma experiência de formação popular em planejamento territorial que partiu do pressuposto que grande parte da população, sobretudo aquela de menor renda, não está familiarizada com a discussão teórico-conceitual sobre a desigualdade no acesso à cidade. O processo de formação foi parte de um projeto de extensão que teve como objetivo trazer o debate sobre a formação das cidades brasileiras e os processos que levam à segregação socioespacial, com a finalidade de relacionar o contexto histórico aos desafios associados à conquista do direito à cidade e à moradia para todos. Além disso, buscou-se durante o projeto a formação de multiplicadores populares de modo que os participantes se tornassem protagonistas do processo de formação em seus bairros ou espaços populares. Foi uma dinâmica de formação amparada em conceitos de Paulo Freire para a formação popular, o texto visa trazer uma reflexão crítica sobre os avanços e dificuldades encontradas nesse processo formativo, com a expectativa de que o relato possa contribuir para o aperfeiçoamento de atividades com objetivos convergentes que venham a ser desenvolvidas.
Aplikasi Informasi Transportasi Angkutan Umum Antar kota pada Terminal Amplas Sumatra Utara
Authors: Ramadhan M M Yasmin
Published: January 2019

Melihat dari permasalahan, masih banyaknya calon penumpang angkutan umum yang bingung untuk memilih moda trsnportasi saat berpergian terkhususnya dari kota Medan. Banyak juga yang tidak tahu mengenai info keberangkatan angkutan dan menjadi penumpang yang tidak teridentitas.