bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Punishment for criminal offences against security activities: peculiarities of regulatory and legal certainty in the sanctions of the articles of the Special Part of the Criminal Code of Ukraine
Authors: Nytka Y.M.
Published: March 2024

Based on the analysis of the doctrinal provisions and provisions of the current legislation of Ukraine, the author notes that certain sanctions of the main (basic) criminal offences against security activities have the following disadvantages 1) contradictory construction of sanctions of certain articles of the Special Part of the Criminal Code of Ukraine without taking into account the procedure and peculiarities of imposing certain types of punishment in relation to certain categories of persons (definition of such punishment as correctional labour in the sanctions of Part 1 of Article 381, Part 1 of Article 387 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine); 2) regulation in certain sanctions of the criminal law provisions under consideration of only one type of basic punishment (sanction of part 1 of Article 380 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine - imprisonment for up to five years; 3) the nature and degree of social danger of the criminal offence envisaged in the disposition of the article is not always taken into account in the construction of sanctions of the said criminal law prohibitions (an example of this shortcoming is the sanction of part 1 of Article 387 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, since in case of violation of this prohibition only one punishment can potentially be individualised - a fine, the severity of which hardly corresponds to the degree of social danger of this unlawful encroachment; 4) sanctions for basic, qualified and especially qualified corpus delicti of criminal offences are not always consistent. For example, parts 2 and 3 of Art. 387 of the CC of Ukraine provide for the same minimum and maximum terms of mandatory additional punishment in the form of deprivation of the right to hold certain positions or engage in certain activities (up to three years) for different, depending on the degree of their social danger; 5) the problem of substitution in the sanctions of part 2 Art. 381, Art. 387, Art. 396(1) of the CC of Ukraine replacing the punishment in the form of arrest with the punishment in the form of probationary supervision.These shortcomings of regulatory and legal certainty in the sanctions for the mentioned main (basic) criminal offences against security activities need to be addressed either by clarifying criminal legislation in terms of regulating the relevant sanctions or by taking into account the recommendations made in this publication when imposing certain types of punishment for these criminal offences.
The object of the composition of the criminal - punishable act under the criminal legislation of the Republic of Poland
Authors: Shupyana M.Y.
Published: March 2024

The article is devoted to highlighting the essence and content of the object of the criminal offense under Polish criminal law. Issues related to the classification of the object of the composition of a criminally punishable act, its practical significance and the content of the concept of similarity of criminally punishable acts are analyzed. The author focuses on the fact that it is not necessary to confuse the object of a criminally punishable act with an executive object. For example, if someone falsifies a document by scratching out certain words from its text and writing others, then the executive object here will be a sheet of paper on which he performs his actions. Instead, the object of a criminally punishable act, and, accordingly, the legal good protected by the law (and at the same time the good protected by Article 270 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Poland) is the authenticity of the document. The article also draws attention to the fact that in some articles of a special part of the Criminal Code, when describing a criminally punishable act, the object of protection is also indicated, for example, in Art. 189 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Poland lists freedom as a legal good among the signs. which is protected by this norm. However, most often the object of a criminally punishable act does not belong to its legally prescribed features.In the article, the author also emphasizes that the object of a criminally punishable act is also of significant importance in determining the similarity of criminally punishable acts, in particular, for the application of norms on recidivism. According to § 2 of Art. 115 of the Criminal Code, similar criminally punishable acts are criminally punishable acts that belong to the same type.
Designing a Blockchain-based SME transaction model using the Federated Byzantine Agreement to shorten transaction validation times
Authors: Harnadi Bernardinus , Widyarto Erdhi
Published: March 2024

Since the world experienced the Covid-19 pandemic, the role of MSMEs in the e-commerce sector has grown rapidly and contributed 50% of Indonesia's GDP. However, investors and some consumers still underestimate MSMEs. They have a low level of trust in MSMEs. This is due to the lack of a transparent system so that cases of fraud against MSME products often occur. This issue of trust and transparency needs to be resolved with technological solutions. One technology that can solve this problem is Blockchain. However, currently there are still validation problems if it is to be implemented in MSMEs. This research aims to resolve validation time constraints in the implementation of MSMEs. This research builds a Blockchain-based MSME transaction model using Federated Byzantine Agreement (FBA) algorithm to solve validation time problems. The result shows that FBA is able to complete transactions with the fastest validation time compared to Proof of Work (POW), Proof of State (POS), and Proof of Authority (POA).
Estrategias asociativas para el desarrollo del sector rural. Un estudio de casos en el sur santafecino (2017-2019)
Authors: Kobila María Teresa
Published: March 2024

A partir de los antecedentes del fenómeno asociativo en el sector agropecuario se estudian ciertas experiencias para profundizar en sus lógicas y prácticas en torno a las estrategias asociativas. La hipótesis de trabajo sostiene que la ampliación de los conocimientos sobre lógicas y prácticas asociativas no sólo favorece a los productores y asociados sino también podría generar una sinergia positiva en todo el sector rural. Como objetivo general se planteó analizar y explicar cómo funcionan las diferentes estrategias asociativas que se organizan en el sector agropecuario en el sur santafecino durante el período 2017-2019. La investigación es cualitativa con enfoque en estudio de casos. La perspectiva sociológica coadyuva a la interpretación y descripción de los principales resultados referidos a las características de los grupos estudiados, las representaciones y las estrategias asociativas. Se concluye con reflexiones que verifican la hipótesis de trabajo invitando a ampliar la investigación sobre la red de asociamientos de cada individuo, dado que emergieron muchos grupos invisibilizados sobre los cuales no existe información y dicha relación se cree que aún está en una etapa embrionaria de desarrollo.
Más allá de la estrategia económica: Vicentin Paraguay, conexiones, liderazgos y conocimiento local
Authors: López Magdalena
Published: March 2024

Este trabajo analiza la empresa Vicentin Paraguay Sociedad Anónima (VPSA) dentro de la constelación de actores económicos, productivos y gremiales de Paraguay. Si bien la filial fue fundada en el contexto de la estrategia de expansión regional del grupo económico argentino Vicentin SAIC, por la que se creaban firmas para aumentar la transacción intragrupo y evadir cargas impositivas, para operar de manera exitosa tuvo que relacionarse y negociar con un grupo de actores paraguayos que ejercen poder político y económico, de los cuales VPSA obtuvo protección y estabilidad.
Desde la sociología económica, y siguiendo una metodología cualitativa (entrevistas en profundidad, análisis de documentos públicos y declaraciones empresariales, y análisis legislativo), respaldada en diversas fuentes estadísticas, este trabajo identifica la relevancia de las redes sociales y las relaciones personales en la estrategia de VPSA, aspecto marginado de los estudios centrados en Vicentin SAIC.
Estrategias de reproducción social de unidades familiares de producción agropecuaria en el municipio de El Salvador (Cuba)
Authors: Batista Fonseca Sucel , Leyva Remón Arisbel , Riera Vázquez Celia Marta
Published: March 2024

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo comprender la lógica de estructuración de las estrategias de reproducción social de las unidades familiares de producción agropecuaria en el municipio cubano de El Salvador, perteneciente a la provincia de Guantánamo. Para ello, se emplearon el método tipológico y el estudio de casos múltiples, apoyados en la observación no participante, entrevistas en profundidad y grupales, así como en la utilización de softwares. El análisis realizado permitió reconstruir un esquema de tipologías de estrategias atendiendo a su perfil, jerarquización, trayectorias temporales y lógicas de estructuración en las diferentes etapas del ciclo de vida familiar. Los resultados develaron que las unidades familiares de producción agropecuaria estudiadas privilegian las de tipo relacional, económico-productivo y de bienestar material como centrales, frente a las de carácter sucesorio como secundarias. La indagación aporta conocimientos y herramientas útiles para la gestión gubernamental del desarrollo rural en el municipio seleccionado.
Insilico analysis of adenylation and ketosynthase domain related to antifungal activity of rice phyllosphere bacteria
Authors: Wiraswati Sri Martina , Rusmana Iman , Nawangsih Abdjad Asih , Wahyudi Aris Tri
Published: March 2024

.
Understanding the structural foundation of mucroporin peptide as a potential anti-COVID-19 candidate: Computational methods
Authors: Fakih Taufik Muhammad , Ramadhan Dwi Syah Fitra , Rizkita Aden Dhana
Published: March 2024

.
Knowing Letter Through Media Flash Card Children Aged 4-5 Years
Authors: Setyaningrum Setyaningrum , Zulkarnaen Zulkarnaen
Published: March 2024

This research aimed to improve the ability to recognize letters through flashcards in children aged 4-5 years. This study used a qualitative method with Classroom Action Research. The research was conducted at TK Bustanul Athfal Aisyiyah Karangasem with a total of 20 children as subjects. Data collection was done through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that children better understand learning by using interesting media such as flashcards. By using flashcards, children can understand letters in bright colors and are easy to understand. Varied learning makes children enthusiastic and motivated to improve their ability to understand and recognize letters.
The Correlation of Smartphone Use Intensity with Aggressive Behavior in Early Childhood at TKIT Bina Insani (Kindergarten)
Authors: Komalasari Mala , Yudha Rivo Panji
Published: March 2024

This study aims to analyse the relationship between the intensity of smartphone use and children's aggressive behaviour at Bina Insani IT Kindergarten, Serang Regency. This research uses descriptive correlation statistics with a quantitative approach. The sampling technique used in this study is a saturated sampling technique found in Non-Probability Sampling. The data collection technique is a questionnaire on the intensity of smartphone use and aggressive behaviour and photos of questionnaire filling activities. While the analysis technique used is using Pearson Product Moment using SPSS. The results in this study show a correlation coefficient value of 0.578, which indicates that the relationship is unidirectional and strong. Based on the results of the significance value between the variables of intensity of smartphone use and aggression, the significance value is 0.003 0.05, which means that there is a significant correlation. So it can be concluded that the intensity of smartphone use with aggressive behaviour affects behaviour in Bina Insani IT Kindergarten.
Research of the process of biological wastewater treatment under conditions of uneven load of the treatment system
Authors: Safonyk Andrii , Rogov Oleg , Trokhymchuk Maksym , Prysiazhniuk Olena , Prysiazhniuk Ihor
Published: March 2024

The main purpose of the article is to develop a multifactorial model for rapid assessment of the efficiency of biological wastewater treatment reactors. A mathematical model of the process of biological wastewater treatment has been developed based on: changes in the concentration of organic contaminants in the bioreactor over time, taking into account the uneven flow of wastewater to the treatment plant, the process of substrate entering the bioreactor (different amounts may enter at different times). The software implementation of the proposed algorithm for solving the corresponding model problem in Python is carried out. The results of computer experiments on the study of the efficiency of wastewater treatment in biological treatment reactors for different operating conditions of facilities are presented. In particular, such processes were considered with taking into account the unevenness of the load, because the maximum cleaning loads are in the morning and in the evening. The task was solved to simulate a real situation and show how cleaning takes place at the maximum load at a certain time of the day. The results obtained will be useful for calculations in the design of biological treatment facilities or in the reconstruction of existing bioreactors for their prospective operation under new operating conditions.
Sustainable oases agriculture: A journey through Morocco’s date palm production system
Authors: Hamriri Kaoutar , Atmani Majid , Abidar Ali , Aziz Larbi , Fagroud Mustapha , Bouamri Rachid
Published: March 2024

In the heart of Moroccan oases, date palm trees stand as the lifeblood of local communities, serving as both a livelihood cornerstone and a dietary treasure trove. Morocco has long been a leading date fruit producer. Yet, amidst the palm groves, several environmental, technical, and socio-economic challenges have threatened the sustainability of this ancient crop. This study assesses the constraints and limitations of the date palm production system in Tafilalet oases that have kept this crop from reaching its full potential. A total of 56 producers were interviewed using an open- closed survey, illuminating interviews with key informants, dynamic focus group discussions, and direct observations in palm groves. The findings reveal that primary restrictions and barriers impeding the progress of this sector are: producers’ moderate education level and the limited adoption of technological innovation, few opportunities given to young producers, palm groves’ fragmentation, poor management of date fruits, low imports of the necessary inputs (fertilisers, irrigation, etc.), and the poor organisation of the marketing circuit (storage and packaging). Advocate renewed commitment to preserve and modernise palm groves, blending heritage with modern practices for thriving, sustainable date palm production. It is entirely conceivable to produce organic dates in the region since producers use a few quantities of chemical products, notably fertilisers and phytosanitary products.
The structural analysis of the farming systems resilience after the Covid-19 pandemic in West Timor, Indonesia
Authors: Benu Fredrik L. , Wulakada Hamza H. , Pandie David B.W. , Tanggela Yosua , King Paul G. , Asa Halena M. , Neolaka Yantus A.B.
Published: March 2024

Although Indonesia has recorded good performance in its national economic development, especially in the agriculture sector during the Covid-19 pandemic, the impact of the pandemic on farming and food systems has not been evaluated yet. This study has evaluated the resilience of the two dominant existing farming systems in West Timor, i.e. (i) wetland farming system and (ii) dryland farming system. This research aims to understand the resilience of farming after the Covid-19 pandemic and to develop strategic policies that could be adopted to increase the resilience of the farming system in West Timor. A quantitative analysis using the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was employed to evaluate the relationship and impact of the following seven generic aspects: labour movement, sustainability, economy, socio- culture, output markets, input markets, farming system resilience, and 27 reflective indicators. The analysis shows that dryland farming systems are more resilient than wetland farming systems. It might be understood from the size of the regression coefficient, as the impact of exogenous construct variables of the environment, socioculture, input, and output on the resilience of dryland farming systems is more significant than on wetlands. Economic performance rather than labour movement factors will create better resilience of farming systems for wetland or dryland after the Covid-19 pandemic. Finally, the economic recovery process and the ongoing input supply mechanism after the Covid-19 pandemic have increased the resilience of the dryland food system more than the resilience of the wetland farming system.
Kierunki zmian w przestrzennych systemach obsługi miast na przykładzie średniej wielkości polskiego miasta Leszna
Authors: Wojtyszyn Bogusław , Sobierajewicz Piotr
Published: March 2024

Problematyka poruszana w artykule dotyczy głównie przestrzennych zmian aktywności społeczno-ekonomicznej w systemach obsługi miast polskich, wykazanych na przykładzie średniej wielkości byłego miasta wojewódzkiego Leszna. Wyniki badań przestrzennych zmian w zakresie takich aktywności jednoznacznie wskazują na znaczący wpływ tych zmian na jakość życia w mieście oraz skuteczność ochrony jego walorów kulturowo-środowiskowych. Opracowanie to jest bardzo ważne w dalszym planowaniu zrównoważonym, zarówno wielofunkcyjnej infrastruktury handlowo-usługowej w strukturze funkcjonalno-przestrzennej osiedli i w centrum Leszna, jak i dla infrastruktury miast o podobnej wielkości w Polsce i za granicą.
Przyczyny i skutki presji inwestycyjnej na przykładzie obszarów wiejskich Krakowskiego Obszaru Metropolitalnego
Authors: Morawska Ilona , Zalasińska Magdalena Wioletta
Published: March 2024

Współcześnie obserwuje się intensywny przyrost zabudowy mieszkaniowej na obszarach podmiejskich — jest to zarówno zabudowa prywatna, jednorodzinna, jak również inwestycje w formie zespołów zabudowy jedno- i wielorodzinnej realizowane przez wyspecjalizowane w tym przedsiębiorstwa. Wydawać by się mogło, że inwestycje te, zwane deweloperskimi, już na stałe wpisały się w krajobraz polskich przedmieść. Zawarte w niniejszym artykule analizy przestrzenne i demograficzne gmin wiejskich Krakowskiego Obszaru Metropolitalnego (KOM) wskazują na największe skupiska takiego rodzaju zabudowy. Ponadto pozwalają wskazać pewne kierunki, w jakich zmierzają owe tendencje, tempo ich zmian oraz wzajemne powiązania. Dla inwestorów, włodarzy czy ustawodawców mogą one stanowić wskazówkę, jakiego rodzaju podjąć działania, by w możliwie największym stopniu zapobiec ewentualnym negatywnym skutkom, jakie może pociągnąć za sobą zjawisko niekontrolowanego rozrostu zabudowy czy chaosu przestrzennego, urbanistycznego i architektonicznego.
O kształtowaniu architektonicznym stadionów na XXII Mistrzostwa Świata w Piłce Nożnej — Katar 2022
Authors: Michalak Hanna , Torberntsson Aleksandra
Published: March 2024

XXII Mistrzostwa Świata w Piłce Nożnej 2022 w Katarze zostały rozegrane na ośmiu stadionach. Stanowiły wydarzenie pod wieloma względami wyjątkowe, w tym między innymi z uwagi na fakt wybudowania siedmiu (spośród ośmiu) nowych stadionów dedykowanych tej imprezie sportowej. W konsekwencji powstały obiekty nowoczesne, zarówno pod względem atrakcyjnie i nowatorsko ukształtowanej formy architektonicznej, jak również zastosowanych rozwiązań konstrukcyjnych, technologicznych i infrastruktury technicznej. Mundial 2022 został potraktowany jako przedsięwzięcie priorytetowe, umożliwiające szeroką reklamę i promocję Kataru. W związku z tym wszystkie obiekty zostały zaprojektowane przestrzennie i architektonicznie z uwzględnieniem wspólnych zasad, a w szczególności ukształtowane z nawiązaniem do najistotniejszych elementów budujących tożsamość i dziedzictwo kulturowe społeczności katarskiej. Istotną cechą wspólną wszystkich stadionów jest to, że były projektowane z uwzględnieniem zapotrzebowania danej społeczności w zakresie infrastruktury sportowej, również po zakończeniu mundialu. Z tych względów w rozwiązaniach projektowych uwzględniano częściowy demontaż skutkujący zmniejszeniem kubatury obiektu bądź jego całkowitą rozbiórkę. Celem artykułu jest dokonanie analizy rozwiązań architektonicznych stadionów sportowych XXII Mistrzostw Świata w Piłce Nożnej 2022 w Katarze, ogólne scharakteryzowanie przyjętych w tym zakresie założeń i uwarunkowań projektowych, a także przedstawienie wniosków dotyczących kształtowania architektonicznego tych stadionów. Jako podstawową metodę badań zastosowano studium przypadku, a zakresem badań objęto osiem stadionów sportowych mundialu 2022 w Katarze. Badania prowadzono na podstawie studiów i analiz dokumentów, prac, materiałów reklamowych itp., dotyczących mundialu 2022, pochodzących ze źródeł internetowych.
Dach jako informacja i odpowiedź na miejsce, klimat i sposób życia lokalnego społeczeństwa na przykładzie architektury drewnianej Azji Południowo-Wschodniej, Bhutanu i Polski
Authors: Sobczyńska Karolina Urszula
Published: March 2024

Od wieków dach jest reminiscencją, symbolem podstawowego schronienia człowieka i jego terytorium. Na przykładzie kilku grup etnicznych, żyjących w Azji Południowo-Wschodniej, Bhutanie i w Polsce, omówiono podstawowe determinanty kształtowania formy dachu w architekturze wernakularnej i podkreślono podobieństwa. W architekturze drewnianej w różnych regionach świata forma i konstrukcja dachu wynikają przede wszystkim z uwarunkowań danego miejsca: warunków klimatycznych, dostępnych materiałów, lokalnej tradycji, kultury i obyczajów. Często to właśnie kształt dachu jest elementem stanowiącym o wizualnej odrębności danej grupy etnicznej, z jej tradycją i sposobem życia. Autorka zwraca uwagę, że społeczeństwa z różnych regionów świata, nie związane ze sobą kulturowo, tworzyły architekturę drewnianą w oparciu o te same czynniki, oraz że podobieństwa występują już na poziomie wzorów myślenia, wynikających na przykład z potrzeby podkreślania ważności budynków sakralnych za pomocą spiętrzonej formy dachu podstawowego.
Corporate Governance and Cash Holdings among Non-Financial Companies Listed in the Nigerian Exchange Group
Authors: Iyoha Agbonrha-Oghoye Imas , Odu Victor Chukwudeme , Omokhudu Okuns
Published: March 2024

The exogenous shocks that necessitate firm deviation from a target cash holding vary across firms and institutional environments, hence the need for the study. This study examines the relationship between corporate governance (CG) and cash holdings among non-financial companies in the Nigerian Exchange Group between 2011 and 2020. The number of populations is 133 non-financial firms. As not all firms disclosed publicly comprehensive annual reports  the number of final samples is 88 firms. Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) and the quantile techniques were adopted. With a speed of adjustment (SOA) of 0.75 and a time frame of one year, three months, and four days (1/0.749 = 1.34), the result reveals a partial dynamic adjustment to target cash holdings. The quantile estimation generally reveals low cash holdings and high SOA dynamics, and it is significant at 5% level. With exception of board gender diversity and institutional ownership, variables such as board independence, size, and chief executive officer equity ownership exhibit a significant inverse impact on cash holdings at a 5% level. Relying on the dynamic trade-off and agency theories, the results conform to a prior expectation. This study recommends that a manager should formulate strategic financial policy based on a firm’s specific SOA.
Application of Benson Relaxation Therapy Combined with Spiritual Therapy to Reduce Anxiety in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis
Authors: Muhith Abdul , Rohmawati Riska , Faizah Imamatul , Sari Ratna Yunita , Hasina Siti Nur
Published: March 2024

Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a failure of kidney function to maintain metabolism and fluid and electronic balance due to progressive kidney structural damage. Hemodialysis is a replacement therapy for damaged kidney performance, if hemodialysis is carried out for a long time it can cause disturbances in the biological aspects and psychological aspects for hemodialysis patients. One of the effects that is often experienced in hemodialysis patients is anxiety. The research objective was to determine the application of spiritual-based benson relaxation therapy to anxiety levels in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis.
 
Method:Quasy-Experimental research design with one group pre post test design. Population of all CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis. The large number of samples of 20 intervention respondents. The sampling technique was purposive sampling by taking samples according to the inclusion criteria. The research intervention that was carried out was benson relaxation therapy which was carried out in CKD patients who routinely had hemodialysis for more than 6 months with a frequency of 2 times a week for 10-15 minutes with guidance from a clergyman and repeated until the patient could be independent. The research instrument for measuring anxiety used HARS (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale) and the respondent's intervention used Benson relaxation SOP and spiritual healing SOP (spiritual guidance). Test analysis in this study was paired t test.
 
Results: the results of the research based on the intervention carried out obtained the anxiety score before the intervention from 20 respondents, the majority on the score of severe anxiety (28-41) which is as much as 70% then followed by moderate anxiety (21-27) which is as much as 30%. Anxiety scores after the intervention of 20 respondents, the majority on mild anxiety scores (14-20) which is as much as 70% then followed by moderate anxiety (21-27) which is as many as 20% and the minority in non-anxious conditions (<14) which is as many as 10% . From the results of the analysis using the paired t test, the results obtained were a p value of 0.001, with α = 0.05 so that the p value <α (0.001 <0.05). meaning that there is a difference between the pre and post tests on the level of anxiety with the spiritual-based benson relaxation therapy intervention in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis.
 
Conclusion: Based on the discussion that we have conveyed, it can be concluded that benson relaxation and spiritual healing can reduce anxiety in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis.
Measuring the Criteria for Notary Accountability in the Use of Online Media as a Means of Notary Promotion in Indonesia
Authors: Hidayat Rahmat , Suwadi Pujiyono , Solikhah
Published: March 2024

Purpose: This article aims to examine the criteria for notary accountability concerning the use of online media for notary promotion in Indonesia. Drawing on Gustav Radbruch's theory, the study analyzes the elements of intentionality, legal certainty, and the pursuit of profit, as outlined in the Notary Law and the Provisions of the Notary's Code of Ethics. Additionally, it explores the notion of the notary profession as an officium nobile, emphasizing its noble position and ethical responsibilities.
 
Methods: The research methodology involves a theoretical analysis based on Gustav Radbruch's legal theory and relevant provisions of Indonesian law pertaining to notary accountability. Through a qualitative examination, the study delves into the criteria for notary accountability, particularly concerning the use of online media for promotional purposes. Legal principles and ethical considerations are applied to evaluate the implications of notary actions in the digital age.
 
Results and Discussion: The analysis reveals that the criteria for notary accountability encompass elements of legal certainty, intentionality, and the pursuit of profit, as delineated in legal frameworks and ethical codes. Maintaining the noble position of the notary profession entails upholding ethical standards and adhering to legal norms, ensuring fairness and justice in notarial practices. The discussion emphasizes the need for holistic and ethical examinations in cases of alleged violations, to uphold the principles of justice and accountability.
 
Implications of the Research: The findings of this study have implications for notarial practice in Indonesia, highlighting the importance of ethical conduct and legal compliance, particularly in the context of online media usage for promotional activities. By elucidating the criteria for notary accountability, the research contributes to enhancing professional standards and fostering public trust in notarial services.
 
Originality/Value: This article contributes to the literature by examining the criteria for notary accountability within the framework of online media promotion, drawing on Gustav Radbruch's legal theory and Indonesian legal provisions. By addressing the ethical and legal considerations inherent in notarial practices, the study provides valuable insights into the evolving landscape of notarial accountability in the digital age, thus adding to the body of knowledge on professional ethics and legal responsibility.
An Investigation into Habits of Mind Prospective Teacher: Do They Have it?
Authors: Ariyati Eka , Fitriyah Fifi Khoirul
Published: March 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to obtain a profile of habits of mind among prospective teacher students in the PMIPA (Science, Mathematics, and Environmental Education) Department in Pontianak, Indonesia. Recognizing the importance of habits of mind in shaping learning outcomes and life skills, the research aims to assess the prevalence and distribution of self-regulation, critical thinking, and creative thinking among teacher education students.
 
Methods: The research utilizes a quantitative descriptive approach, conducted across three study programs: Biology Education, Chemistry Education, and Mathematics Education. Purposive sampling is employed to select a sample of 100 prospective teacher students. Data collection involves the administration of a questionnaire comprising three aspects: self-regulation, critical thinking, and creative thinking. The collected data are analyzed using quantitative methods to provide a comprehensive understanding of the habits of mind among PMIPA students.
 
Results and Discussion: The research findings reveal that the habits of mind among PMIPA students are generally categorized as good, with 84% exhibiting favorable habits. Among the three study programs, Biology Education students exhibit the highest percentage of favorable habits, followed by Chemistry Education and Mathematics Education. Self-regulation emerges as the predominant habitual component of the mind, followed by critical thinking, with creative thinking ranking lowest in prevalence. These findings suggest that while PMIPA students demonstrate strengths in self-regulation and critical thinking, there may be opportunities for further development of creative thinking skills.
 
Implications of the Research: The results of this research hold significant implications for universities and lecturers involved in teacher education programs. By providing insights into the habits of mind prevalent among prospective teacher students, the findings can inform the design of appropriate teaching and learning strategies tailored to the needs and strengths of PMIPA students. Additionally, the research outcomes may contribute to the enhancement of teacher education curricula, emphasizing the cultivation of critical thinking and creative thinking skills alongside self-regulation.
 
Originality/Value: This study contributes to the existing literature by offering a detailed examination of habits of mind among prospective teacher students in the PMIPA Department, particularly in the context of teacher education in Pontianak, Indonesia. By focusing on the components of self-regulation, critical thinking, and creative thinking, the research provides valuable insights into the cognitive and metacognitive skills prevalent among PMIPA students. The findings offer a basis for enhancing teacher education programs and fostering the development of well-rounded educators equipped with essential habits of mind for success in teaching and lifelong learning.
Inhibition of proliferation of human osteosarcoma cell line (MG63) by ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi L.) plant extract
Authors: Anusha B. , Darshan V. M. Datta , Andallu B.
Published: March 2024

Trachyspermum ammi L. (TA), popularly called ajwain, is a well-known spice plant, with fruit pods that are used in Indian traditional medicine. Fruits of this plant were scientifically investigated for medicinal properties, but no studies are reported on the vegetative parts of the plant. Hence, the present investigation is aimed to evaluate the aerial parts of the plant for anti-proliferative and antioxidant effects. Methanolic extract (Me) of TA was subjected to sequential fractionation using the solvents in the increasing order of polarity viz. hexane (He), dichloromethane (Dcm), ethyl acetate (Ea), n-butanol (n-Bu), and water (Aq). Phytochemical analyses, DPPH radical scavenging assay, and in vitro antiproliferative activity on the MG63 osteosarcoma cell line (MTT assay) were performed. Preliminary phytochemical analyses revealed the presence of reducing and non-reducing sugars, amino acids, tannins, phenols, terpenoids, and saponins. Ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest amount of total phenolics (367.90±0.02), followed by n-Bu (287.50±0.04), Dcm (193.56±0.07), Me extract (190.14±0.07), Aq (142.20±0.02) and He (80.74±0.01) fractions. Ethyl acetate fraction exhibited higher DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50 =116.74 μg/mL) followed by n-Bu (IC50=133.81 μg/mL) fraction with a correlation to the higher amount of phenolics and flavonoids. However, maximum antiproliferative activity was exhibited by hexane fraction on MG 63 human osteosarcoma cell line which can be attributed to the presence of thymol, a monoterpenoid phenol present in ajwain. The current study indicates that the aerial parts of T. ammi Linn. can be considered as potential antioxidants and therapeutic against osteosarcoma.
Measurement of Motor Vehicle Emissions Based on Low-cost Sensors
Authors: Kurniawan Michelle , Ardiles Sopaheluwakan Alesandro , Adiwidya Andre Suwardana , Ummi Annisa Zahwatul , Halinda Maulana Fauzan Athalla , Okthaviany Indah Cikal Al Gyfary , Gajah Deni Ali Marwan , Hidayat Putri Naila Alyana , Lalintia Irvin Judah , Kampong Prichel Adisatya , Salam Rahmat Awaludin , Chandra Indra
Published: March 2024

One of Indonesia's primary causes of air pollution is the significant level of human activity, particularly the continued use of fossil-fuel-powered vehicles. The incomplete combustion of fossil fuels can lead to gas and particle pollutants forming, impacting the environment. However, the instruments utilized for detecting environmental pollutants are relatively expensive. Therefore, motor vehicle emission tests use low-cost sensors with parameters such as CO, CO2, NO2, PM2.5, temperature, and RH. The flow rate measures the emission gas flow extracted from a vehicle's exhaust into the testing chamber and then released into the air for disposal. The flow rate utilized in these tests ranges from 12 to 15 lpm. The tests are conducted over 10 minutes to ensure accuracy, obtaining average readings for the measured parameters. For the measurement results using a low-cost sensor, the average value for CO is 383.891 ppm, NO2 is 10.7237 ppm, CO2 is 5,254 ppm, PM2.5 is 50.25 ?g/m3, temperature and RH is 28.9 °C and 76%. The official test results obtained a CO value of 1,200 ppm, CO2 of 140,000 ppm, and a temperature of 80 °C. This difference is because the reading range of low-cost sensors is relatively small but has a stable data trend.
Optimal Liquid Engine Architecture by Performance-Cooling Tradeoff Analysis
Authors: Tauchi Soma , Inoue Chihiro , Wang Zhenying , Daimon Yu , Fujii Go
Published: March 2024

We perform physics-based theoretical analyses on the tradeoff between the overall performance of specific impulse and the thermal protection ability of a coolant liquid film to identify the optimal configuration of a liquid rocket engine. A bipropellant thruster is set as the target, which uses a hypergolic propellant mixture of nitrogen tetroxide as the oxidant and monomethyl hydrazine as the fuel. By considering the practical nonuniform distribution of the local mixture ratio produced in the thrust chamber, the maximum specific impulse is achieved when the fuel and oxidizer spray widths become identical, allowing for the specification of the diameter of the impinging-type injector. The heat balance between the convective heat transfer from the combustion gas and the latent heat of the three-dimensionally wavy liquid film provides the optimal diameter of the combustion chamber. The longest liquid film is found to be achieved when half of the initial film is entrained by the fast gas, correspondingly mitigating the heat transfer area due to the liquid film waviness. We successfully demonstrate the optimal architecture of the liquid engine based on the tradeoff, in which an improvement of specific impulse by 1 s shortens the film length by 2 mm.
Successful shrinkage of a recurrent partially thrombosed symptomatic large basilar tip aneurysm using a Target 3D Coil
Authors: Ashida Noriaki , Fujita Atsushi , Hayashi Hideya , Higashino Masashi , Ikeuchi Yusuke , Iwahashi Hirofumi , Nishihara Masamitsu , Hosoda Kohkichi , Sasayama Takashi
Published: March 2024

Background:

Standalone coil embolization is often less effective for partially thrombosed intracerebral aneurysms (PTIA) because of the risk of frequent recurrence if the coil migrates into the thrombus. This report describes a case of PTIA at the basilar tip in which simple coil embolization using a Target 3D Coil resulted in sustained remission without recurrence during long-term follow-up.

Case Description:

The patient was a 63-year-old male who presented with right oculomotor nerve palsy after having undergone direct surgery for a basilar artery aneurysm 15 years earlier. Recurrence with partial thrombosis of the basilar artery aneurysm was diagnosed. Target 3D Coil embolization with frame construction in the aneurysmal sac was performed, resulting in the complete disappearance of the aneurysm and improvement of the oculomotor nerve palsy. Magnetic resonance imaging at five years postoperatively confirmed that the thrombus had completely disappeared, and there was no recurrence of the aneurysm. The closed loops in the Target 3D Coil may have contributed to the cohesive mass of coils remaining in the sac of the PTIA, potentially leading to healing.

Conclusion:

The characteristics of the Target 3D Coil may have prevented migration of the coil into the thrombus, potentially contributing to the successful resolution of the aneurysm.
Classification of Children with Chronic Headache from Children without Headache by Stress-Related Biological and Psychological Characteristics
Authors:   University of Trier, Frauenstr 7, 54290 Trier, Germany, Bung Simone , Saile Helmut ,   University of Trier, Frauenstr 7, 54290 Trier, Germany, Laessle Reinhold ,   University of Trier, Frauenstr 7, 54290 Trier, Germany
Published: March 2024

Stress-related psychological and biological characteristics were used to classify young girls to predict girls with chronic headache. This was done by stepwise discriminant function analysis that included at each step biological and psychological characteristics of stress load and stress coping to identify the best predictive power which was evaluated by canonical correlation coefficients. At each step psychological stress load was significant. Lack of problem-solving and seeking social support were important. Also passive avoidance and destructive stress coping. The best classification quality was obtained, when depression and anxiety of the children were included in discriminant function. Hyperactivity of HPA axis did not play an important role.
Influences on Stress Load in Young Girls with Chronic Headache
Authors:   University of Trier, Frauenstr 7, 54290 Trier, Germany, Bung Simone , Saile Helmut ,   University of Trier, Frauenstr 7, 54290 Trier, Germany, Laessle Reinhold ,   University of Trier, Frauenstr 7, 54290 Trier, Germany
Published: March 2024

The present study investigated influences of stress coping strategies and activity of HPA axis on stress load in young girls with chronic headache (migraine or tension-type). Anxiety and depression were also measured. These psychopathological characteristics significantly contributed to stress load, whereas the activity of HPA axis had no contribution. A lack of seeking social support and destructive stress coping were identified as possible influencing factors.
The Significance of Somatic Complaints for Maintenance of Depression in Young Girls
Authors:   Department of Psychology, University of Trier, Germany, Laessle Reinhold
Published: March 2024

Based on former empirical studies and theoretical models the present study investigated, whether stress symptoms, stress coping and somatic complaints are different between depressed girls and healthy controls. 148 girls with a mean age of 15 years were studied twice with 6 months between the two assessments. 74 fulfilled DSM IV criteria for major depression at first assessment. Stress symptoms, stress coping and somatic complaints were measured with validated German questionnaires. Depressed girls showed more stress symptoms and a higher stress vulnerability. On the other hand in stress coping depressed girls preferred destructive strategies and had a lack of useful behaviors such as problem solving or search for social support. Somatic complaints had a significant influence on severity of depression six months later. The results were interpreted with respect to the cognitive model of Beck.
Autoimmune Encephalitis a Differential Diagnosis of Auditory Hallucination: A Case Report
Authors:   Annapurna Neurological Institute and Allied Sciences, Nepal, Joshi P , Joshi P ,   B&B Hospital, India, Upreti B ,   Kist Medical College & Teaching Hospital, Nepal, Upreti D ,   National Medical College and Teaching Hospital, India, Serchan S ,   Kanti Children’s Hospital, Nepal
Published: March 2024

Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor (anti-NMDAR) has been the first specific-antibody type to be associated with Autoimmune Encephalitis [1]. Autoimmune encephalitis is associated with the neuropsychiatric symptoms including abrupt personality changes, cognitive decline, memory loss, perceptual disturbances among many others. Initial presentation might range from agitation, psychosis, and changes in speech, hallucinations, involuntary motor movements and autonomic dysfunction [2]. In general adult population are found to have higher association with paraneoplastic conditions and specific antibodies, but the pediatric age group do not show the strong association making the diagnosis a difficulty [3]. Also unlike adults association with cancer is also found to be less likely [4]. Due to these complications cases of autoimmune encephalitis are usually missed in pediatric population when focusing more on the psychiatric symptoms. Here we present a case of 14 year old boy who had a similar presentation.
Evaluation of Biosorption Potentials of Bambara Ground Nut (Vigna Subterranea) Powder for the Removal of Selected Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solution
Authors:   Department of Natural Sciences, State University of Zanzibar (SUZA), Tanzania, AAJ Mohamed , KA Mwinyi ,   Department of Pathology and Biochemistry, StateUniversity of Zanzibar, Tanzania
Published: March 2024

Toxic metals have received a paramount consideration to environmental chemists due to their toxic nature, they are toxic pollutants that may possibly cause a variety of illness and disorders when entering the living tissue. Aim: This work investigates the adsorption capacity of biosorbent developed from Powder o Bambara Ground nut (PBG) and Soursop Seed (SSSP) powder. The adsorbents were useful in eliminating toxic metal ions; cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, manganese, lead, and thallium from aqueous solution. The study also examined the removal efficiency of PBG and SSSP. Method and Materials: Constant mass of 0.2 gram of both PBG and SSSP were added in a volume of 50 mL of ultra-pure water, the samples were then analysed using Inductive Couple Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES). Conclusion: The adsorption percentage for BGS reached 100% for Cd2+, Tl2+ and Pb2+, 94% for Cu2+, 81% for Zn2+, 68% for Co2+, 64% for Mn2+, 46% for Fe2+ and 07% for In2+, the results revealed that the metal ions were removed in the following order (Cd2+, Tl2+ and Pb2+)> Cu2+ > Zn 2+ > Co2+ > Mn2+ > Fe2+ > In2+ whereas for SSSP was 100% for Cd2+; Cu2+; Tl2+ and Pb2+; 83% for Zn 2+; 62% for Co2+; 49% for Fe2+; 21% for In2+; and 0% for Mn2+ with an order of (Cd2+= Cu2+ = Tl2+ = Pb2+)> Zn 2+ > Co2+ > Fe2+ > In2+ > Mn2+.
Elodea Canadensis (Submerged Macrophyte of the Yenisei River) and Actinides: Properties, Accumulation, Regularities and Interactions
Authors:   Department of Analytical methods, Federal Scientific Centre of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Russian Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Russia, L Bondareva , N Fedorova ,   Department of Analytical methods, Federal Scientific Centre of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Russian Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Russia
Published: March 2024

Radioactive contamination of the Yenisei River bottom and (including the contamination with actinides) is the result of long-term operation of the Mining and Chemical Combine, which manufactures plutonium for weapons. The study considers the behavior of a submerged macrophyte Elodea Canadensis, one of the most widely spread species of aquatic plants in the River Yenisei. The values of the accumulation coefficients obtained for 242Pu, 13100 ± 2100 L·kg-1, were close to the concentration factor for 241Am–17100 ± 4300 L·kg-1, obtained for the Elodea shoots. Studies on the potential adaptation of one of the common aquatic macrophytes Elodea canadensis when immersed in a medium containing actinide. It was found that almost all the studied 241Am and 242Pu do not show a clear external effect on the solid fragments of the plant (cell membranes). Thus, it was shown that Elodea canadensis is tolerant of anthropogenic radio nuclides that differ in nature, physico-chemical properties, etc.
Reactions of Diatom Ulnaria Ulna on Neurotransmitters and Their Antagonists
Authors:   Laboratory of Intracellular Signaling, Institute of Cell Biophysics, Pushchino Biological Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia, V Roshchina Victoria
Published: March 2024

Exogenous compounds known as neurotransmitters acetylcholine, dopamine, histamine and serotonin and their antagonists d-tubocurarine, muscarine, yohimbine, tavegyl and inmecarb were tested on unicellular diatom algae Ulnaria ulna, where they demonstrated signaling and regulatory functions. The most primitive single-cellular organisms like diatoms exhibit a marked sensitivity to neurotransmitters and their antagonists, indicating a possible reception mechanism, similar to those observed in mammals.