bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physiognomy and structure of a seasonal deciduous forest on the Ibiapaba plateau, Ceará, Brazil
Authors: Lima Jacira Rabelo , Sampaio Everardo Valadares de Sá Barretto , Rodal Maria Jesus Nogueira , Araújo Francisca Soares
Published: June 2016

Abstract The Brazilian semiarid region is dominated by caatinga. However, other vegetation formations occur, including deciduous and semi-deciduous forests. This study describes physiognomy and structure of a forest on the sedimentary Ibiapaba plateau. All plants within one hectare were separated into three components: woody plants with perimeter at soil level (PSL) ≥ 9 cm (WCLP), woody plants with PSL ≥ 3 and ≤ 8.9 cm (WCSP), and herb/subwoody plants (HSwC). WCLP included 88 species (33 families), WCSP 50 species (23 families) and HSwC only 7 species (5 families). Total density, basal area, and maximum and average height of WCLP were 5683 plants/ha, 47 m2/ha, 18 and 5 m respectively. Total density and basal area of WCSP were 17500 plants/ha and 2.8 m2/ha, respectively. Density of HSwC was 9 plants/m2 and only 31% of the sampled area was occupied by this component.
Influence of visceral and subcutaneous fat in bone mineral density of obese adolescents
Authors: Campos Raquel M. S. , Lazaretti-Castro Marise , Mello Marco Túlio de , Tock Lian , Silva Patricia L. , Corgosinho Flávia C. , Carnier June , Piano Aline de , Sanches Priscila L. , Masquio Deborah C. L. , Tufik Sergio , Dâmaso Ana R.
Published: June 2016

OBJECTIVE: To verify the influence of visceral and subcutaneous fat, as well adipokines in bone mineral density (BMD) in obese adolescents. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The study involved 125 postpubertal obese adolescents (45 boys and 80 girls). Anthropometric measurements, body composition, visceral and subcutaneous fat, and BMD were determined. Leptin, adiponectin, and insulin levels also analyzed. RESULTS: Data demonstrated a negative relationship between BMD with insulin resistance, visceral fat and leptin concentration; and bone mineral content with visceral/subcutaneous ratio. Positive association between BMD and subcutaneous fat was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Visceral fat and insulin resistance, as well as visceral/subcutaneous ratio and leptin concentration, were negative predictors of BMD in boys and girls, respectively. However, subcutaneous fat had a protective influence in BMD only in boys.
Evaluation of quality of life in severely obese patients after bariatric surgery carried out in the public healthcare system
Authors: Khawali Cristina , Ferraz Marcos Bosi , Zanella Maria Tereza , Ferreira Sandra R. G.
Published: June 2016

OBJECTIVES: To assess QoL of obese patients in the Brazilian public healthcare system, before and after bariatric surgery, and to determine the appropriateness of the Moorehead-Ardelt Questionnaire II (M-A-QoLQII) compared with the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Forty-one severe obese patients in a waiting-list, and 84 patients who underwent bariatric surgery were included. Correlations were tested and reliability determined by the Cronbach's coefficient. RESULTS: BMI differed between the pre- and post-surgery groups (52.3 ± 8.3 kg/m² vs. 32.5 ± 6.4 kg/m², p < 0.001). The latter showed better scores in the SF-36 domains than in the pre-surgery. SF-36 and M-A-QoLQII categories were correlated (r = 0.53, 0.49 and 0.47, for vitality, mental health, and general health domains, p < 0.001). In the logistic regression, age, previous BMI, and loss of excess weight were associated with functional capacity. CONCLUSIONS: The outcomes of bariatric surgery obtained in a Brazilian public healthcare center were successful. M-A-QoLII represents a useful tool to assess surgery outcomes, including QoL.
Trianthema portulacastrum and Cyperus rotundus Interference in Maize and Application of Allelopathic Crop Extracts for Their Effective Management1
Authors: NAEEM M. , MAHMOOD A. , IHSAN M.Z. , DAUR I. , HUSSAIN S. , ASLAM Z. , ZAMANAN S.A.
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT Horse purslane (Trianthema portulacastrum) and purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) are two noxious C4 weeds of maize crop causing extensive yield losses. A two years field experiment was performed to estimate interference of T. portulacastrum and C. rotundus and to evaluate the role of allelopathic water extracts for effective weed management in maize. Five plant water extracts in ten binary combinations were foliar applied in triplicated randomized complete block design. Plots treated with commercial herbicide atrazine and weedy check (control), were also maintained for comparison. The highest density of both weed species was observed at 45 days after sowing (DAS) while weed dry biomass was higher at 60 DAS. Binary combination of sorghum-sunflower depicted greater suppression for weed density, dry biomass and persistence index (88-92% for T. portulacastrum and 65-81% for C. rotundus) as compared with weedy check. This treatment combination has also recorded an enhancement of 125% in crop resistance index, 84% in leaf area index and 41% in crop growth rate at 60-75 DAS thus, leading to 51% improvement in grain yield. Binary combination of sunflower-brassica returned maximum marginal net benefit, while sorghum-maize combination anticipated the peak value for marginal rate of return. Along with the effective weed management and higher yield, sorghum-sunflower documented the maximum net economic benefits among different plant extract combinations therefore, suggesting that exogenous application of sorghum-sunflower extract can be effectively used for controlling these weeds in maize field.
Phytosociology of Weeds in Cultivation of Two Varieties of Cassava1
Authors: MILÉO L.J. , SILVA J.F. , ALBERTINO S.M.F. , LEITE B.N. , MENEZES D.S. , SANTOS A.F.
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT This study has aimed to carry out a phytosociological survey of weeds in different collection periods, in cassava crops of two varieties grown in two consecutive years. The varieties were Pão, of the sweet class, and Racha-terra, of the bitter class. The weeds surveys were performed at 28, 56, 84, 112, 140, 168, 196, 224, 252, 280 and 308 days after planting in the experimental units of each variety. For weeds sampling, a sampler with an area of 0.25 m2 released twice at random in the floor area of the treatments was used. The phytosociological survey quantified 5,708 individuals distributed in 17 families, represented by 32 species, of which 25 were dicotyledonous and seven were monocotyledonous. The most representative families in number of species were Euphorbiaceae and Poaceae, followed by Cyperaceae and Fabaceae. The most important species in the two growing seasons were Axonopus affinis, Mimosa pudica, Spermacoce verticillata and Paspalum multicaule. Other important species of the Poaceae family were Axonopus affinis, Axonopus fissifolius and Homolepis aturensis.
Weed Interference Periods and Transplanting Densities of Onion Crop in the Brazilian Region of Guarapuava, PR1
Authors: SOUZA J.I. , SILVA A.A.P. , CHAGAS R.R. , OLIVEIRA NETO A.M. , MACIEL C.D.G. , RESENDE J.T.V. , ONO E.O.
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT The study was conducted with the objective of determining the critical periods of interference prevention (CPIP) and the best period for the management of weeds community in onion crop Crioula Mercosul genotype, transplanted in distinct plants densities. The experiment was carried out in field conditions in the Brazilian municipality of Guarapuava, Paraná State, during the 2012 and 2013 agricultural years, at Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste - UNICENTRO. Treatments were disposed in randomized complete blocks and experimental design, with five repetitions, consisting of weeds coexistence periods and weeds control at 14, 28, 56, 112 and 168 days after transplanting the seedlings (DATS), using 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 million plants ha-1. Weeds community was evaluated through a phytosociological survey at the end of each coexistence period in relation to yield and commercial quality of bulbs. Bulbs yield of transplanted onion was significantly affected by weeds coexistence, reaching 100% of losses. From adjusted models, viability was not observed in increasing plantation density as a practice that may favor the necessary reduction of weeds control. Onion plants transplanted in August 2012 and July 2013 presented CPIP, respectively, of 23 at 76 and 21 at 120 DATS for commercial bulbs yield, and of 20 at 55 and 26 at 112 DATS for total bulbs yield, respectively.
Flamethrower Application Time in Weed Control1
Authors: FAVARATO L.F. , SOUZA J.L. , GUARÇONI R.C. , BAHIENSE D.V.
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT In the organic system, one of the biggest obstacles faced by the farmer is the management and control of weeds. In this context, the use of heat treatment with fire may be seen as an interesting alternative, because of its characteristic of not leaving chemical residues in the soil and water. The objective was to evaluate the effect of the time of application of the flamethrower in weed control as compared to manual control and mechanical methods. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with four replications and seven treatments, totaling 28 plots with dimensions of 1.0 x 1.0 m. The treatments consisted of five application times for the flamethrower (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 s m-2) and two types of weeding (manual and mechanical). Infestation percentage, fresh and dry weight assessments of the remaining weeds in each plot were made. The application of 10 s m-2 for the flamethrower was efficient in controlling weeds in early stage of development and it can be used as an alternative to mechanical and manual weeding, in weed control.
Sorption of Clomazone in Brazilian Soils with Different Physical and Chemical Attributes1
Authors: PEREIRA G.A.M. , BARCELLOS JR. L.H. , GONÇALVES V.A. , SILVA D.V. , FARIA A.T. , SILVA A.A.
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT Knowledge of herbicides sorption by colloids predicts its movement in the soil profile and its effectiveness in controlling weeds and crops poisoning when directly applied to the soil. This knowledge becomes even more important for herbicides which have long persistence in the soil. In this research, clomazone sorption was estimated by the biological method in Brazilian soil samples with different physical and chemical characteristics, cultivated with sugarcane crops. As an indicator of the presence of clomazone in the soil, Sorghum bicolor was used. The data relating to assessments of poisoning and accumulation of dry matter of the plants were subjected to multivariate analysis of similarity among variables. After that, clomazone doses that caused 50% of intoxication in sorghum plants grown (C50) as well as sorption ratio (SR) of the herbicide in different soil types were estimated. There was similarity greater than 80% for data regarding the percentage of intoxication and accumulated dry matter, with the option to use only those related to the first variable. RS and C50 were higher in Organosol and lower in red-yellow Latosol with and without changing the pH. It was concluded that the clomazone dose to be recommended must be differentiated for different soils, since the value of clomazone sorption in the soil is dependent on its attributes, and the organic matter content is of the utmost importance.
Weed Control in Clean Agriculture: A Review1
Authors: ABOUZIENA H.F. , HAGGAG W.M.
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT Weed control is consider the major obstacle for the growers in the organic farming. Lower plant productivity in organic farming mainly related to the poor weed control. It is widely known, in most cases, that losses caused by weeds exceeded the losses from any category of agricultural pests. Under water-stress condition, weeds can reduce crop yields more than 50% through moisture competition alone. In the light of the environmental and toxicological problems created by herbicides, it has become necessary to develop the safety methods for controlling weeds. Soil Solarization, Mulching, Biodegradable Mulch, Natural Herbicides, Hot Water, and Agronomic Practices have been successfully adopted in many countries as safe methods for controlling weeds in the organic farming. In addition, there are some promising new and non-traditional measures such as Fresnel Lens, Electrical Weed Control, Lasers, etc which could be employed for controlling the weeds in organic farming. Also the agronomic practices such as choice of competitive varieties, stale seedbeds had a significant impact on weeds. The growers in organic farming should keep these three points in mind: 1) start clean stay clean successful, 2) Prevention is always better than treatment and, 3) One year's seeds will lead to seven year's weed infestation. Successful and sustainable weed management systems are those that employ combinations of techniques rather than relying on one method. The objectives of this paper are to review some safe weed control methods in the clean agricultural.
Integrative Theory of the Mode of Action of Quinclorac: Literature Review1
Authors: FIPKE M.V. , VIDAL R.A.
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT Quinclorac is a systemic herbicide absorbed by germinating seeds, roots and leaves of seedlings. It is a selective compound for crops such as rice, canola, barley, corn, sorghum, and pasture. Quinclorac can be used to control various monocots and dicotyledonous weed species. The biochemical function of this herbicide in the plant has intrigued scientists for nearly four decades. The objectives of this review are to present evidence of three hypotheses on the biochemical functioning of quinclorac and to propose an integrative mode of action. The first theory on the mode of action of quinclorac is supported by evidence of inhibition of incorporation of C14-glucose into cellulose and hemicellulose, thus, affecting the cell wall synthesis. The second hypothesis suggests that quinclorac acts as an auxin in broadleaved weed species. In grass species, however, this herbicide appears to stimulate the activity of the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase enzyme and, subsequently, to increase the ethylene production; also, it seems to increase the cyanide acid content to phytotoxic levels. A third hypothesis to explain the harmful effect in some plant species is the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Apparently, these processes are not mutually exclusive; therefore, an integrative theory for the action of quinclorac is suggested. It is theorized that the aforementioned biochemical activities are interconnected and can be the phytotoxic backbone to explain the herbicidal effect depending on the plant species and the plant growth stage, among other factors.
DETECÇÃO AUTOMÁTICA DE NUVEM E SOMBRA DE NUVEM EM IMAGENS DE SENSORIAMENTO REMOTO
Authors: Silva Marco Aurélio Oliveira da , Liporace Frederico dos Santos
Published: June 2016

Nesse trabalho é apresentada uma metodologia para a detecção automática de nuvem e sombra de nuvem em imagens de sensores que atuam na faixa do visível e do infravermelho próximo. O trabalho visa à detecção em imagens do sensor AWFI que estará a bordo do satélite AMAZONIA-1. O método de detecção de nuvem baseia-se na aplicação de três filtros. Valores de NDVI, WI e HOT, calculados a partir das reflectâncias das bandas espectrais, são usados na detecção. A detecção de sombra de nuvem é feita a partir da integração das máscaras de pixeis escuros e água com a imagem resultante da diferença entre a cena a ser classificada e uma referência da mesma região, idealmente sem nuvens e bem registrada. Na inexistência de imagens AWFI, visto que o satélite se encontra em fase de construção, os testes foram conduzidos com imagens LANDSAT-5 TM. A acurácia média da classificação de nuvem foi de 88.70% e da classificação de sombra de nuvem de 75.03%. A acurácia global da classificação mostrou que mais de 90% dos pixeis das imagens problemáticas selecionadas para o teste foram classificados corretamente como nuvem, não nuvem, sombra e não sombra
Guía de erupción y extracción seriada: una mirada desde el desarrollo de oclusión
Authors: Ocampo Parra Andrea , Parra Quintero Natalia , Botero Mariaca Paola María
Published: June 2016

El ser humano posee dos denticiones, las cuales necesitan de al menos quince años para su consolidación. Durante este proceso la información genética que dictamina la forma y el crecimiento se expresa, y la oclusión se consolida, pero además presenta influencias medioambientales que pueden generar cambios en la forma y la función del individuo. El apiñamiento dental es una de las maloclusiones con mayor prevalencia y el enfoque del tratamiento dependerá de las características faciales, esqueléticas y oclusales de cada paciente. Este artículo aborda el procedimiento de guía de erupción como tratamiento interceptivo del apiñamiento con base en los conceptos de crecimiento y desarrollo, y desarrollo de oclusión. Se contempla la importancia de desarrollar métodos preventivos basados en el adecuado conocimiento del crecimiento normal, del desarrollo de la dentición y del conocimiento de los factores que lo modifican. Se quiere resaltar la importancia de la extracción seriada para anticipar alteraciones de espacio que se producirán, a menos que los dientes sean eliminados con intervalos estratégicos para aliviar la severidad de la maloclusión.
Control de la higiene oral en los pacientes con ortodoncia
Authors: Quintero Ana María , García Carolina
Published: June 2016

El tratamiento de ortodoncia con aparatos fijos altera el medio ambiente oral, aumenta la acumulacion de placa, cambia la composicion de la flora y complica la limpieza para el paciente. La gingivitis y las lesiones de mancha blanca alrededor de los aparatos fijos son efectos secundarios frecuentes cuando no se implementan programas de prevencion. Los pacientes necesitan mayor orientacion profesional en la seleccion de los productos y procedimientos de salud oral mas adecuados para sus necesidades individuales, y esto es responsabilidad del profesional.
Alternativas ortodóncico-quirúrgicas para dientes anquilosados
Authors: Giraldo-Mira Juan Felipe , Velásquez Velásquez Mariluz
Published: June 2016

El tratamiento de dientes anquilosados presenta un gran desafio en odontologia. El manejo debe incluir tecnicas ortodoncico- quirurgicas para obtener un resultado estetico y funcional satisfactorio. Las opciones de tratamiento son la remocion quirurgica, luxacion quirurgica, osteotomia segmentaria con reposicion inmediata y osteotomia segmentaria con distraccion osteogenica, que puede hacerse a su vez con distractores o con ortodoncia, logrando unos resultados aceptables a largo plazo.
Experiencia de caries dental en aprendices del programa técnico en salud oral del sena, Medellín, 2014
Authors: Moreno Bedoya Juan Pablo , Gonzalez Penagos Catalina , Calle Henao Natalia , Berruecos Orozco Carolina , Cano Gómez Melissa
Published: June 2016

Introducción: algunos estudios han abordado con rigurosidad la asociaciónentre las patologías orales más prevalentes y el nivel socioeconómico y educativo,y han encontrado que cuanto más bajo el nivel socioeconómico y educativo,la prevalencia de las patologías orales aumenta. El propósito de este estudio fuedescribir las variables sociodemográficas, los hábitos de salud oral y la experienciay prevalencia de caries dental de los aprendices del programa técnico en saludoral del sena, en Medellín, Colombia. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivotransversal, en 90 aprendices con edades entre 15 y 40 años. Previamente, se calibrarondos odontólogas, se hizo la evaluación de los estudiantes, y se calcularonlas proporciones de experiencia y prevalencia de caries dental haciendo uso delíndice cop-d recomendado por la oms. Se hizo la descripción de las variables, y seobservó la asociación entre la variable dependiente y las variables sociodemográficas,los hábitos de higiene oral y el acceso a los servicios de salud. Resultados: el65,6% (59 aprendices) pertenecía a un estrato socioeconómico bajo. El 61,1% (55aprendices) estaba afiliado al régimen subsidiado de salud. La prevalencia de cariesdental fue del 30%, la experiencia fue de 67,7%. Hubo asociación estadísticamentesignificativa al relacionar “¿Qué elementos usa para lavarse los dientes?” con lavariable dependiente (p = 0,037). Conclusiones: en general la salud dental de la poblaciónfue buena, lo que coincide con la progresiva disminución de la prevalenciade caries dental evidenciada en el tercer y cuarto Estudio Nacional de Salud Bucalen población del mismo grupo etario.
Evaluación del componente bucal. Proyecto “Escuelas Saludables” de la Fundación las Golondrinas, Medellín, 2006-2011
Authors: Gómez-Arias Martha Yojana , Franco-Londoño Liliana Yamile , Gaviria-Torres José Miguel , Baena-Muñoz Lina Marcela , Ortiz-Restrepo Juan Fernando , Zapata-Bedoya Julieth Paulina , Bernal-Álvarez Tomás , Agudelo-Suárez Andrés A.
Published: June 2016

Introducción: se pretende evaluar una estrategia de escuela saludable en su componente bucal a través de indicadores de higiene bucal, salud bucal y conocimientos y prácticas de diversos actores (escolares y padres o adultos significativos). Métodos: estudio evaluativo a través de elementos de un estudio cuantitativo y descriptivo con datos de dos momentos del tiempo (2006 y 2011). Se revisaron historias clínicas y se realizaron exámenes clínicos para indicadores de higiene bucal (iho) y salud bucal (cop-d, ceo-d). Encuesta a padres o adultos significativos, y a escolares, sobre conocimientos y prácticas en salud bucal. Resultados: existe mejoría en los conocimientos y prácticas de los escolares partícipes del desarrollo del proyecto, haciéndose visible para los adultos que notan un cambio positivo en la salud bucal de los niños. Se presentó un cambio positivo en la higiene bucal del 56% de las mujeres, del 54% de los niños y niñas menores de 11 años y del 53% de los estudiantes de secundaria. Se encontró para el 2011 que el 60% estaba sano en el momento del examen y un 44% no tenía experiencia de caries. Conclusiones: los indicadores observados permitieron evaluar positivamente los resultados del proyecto, y se invita al fortalecimiento de estrategias comunitarias desde la educación para la salud en los planes educativos institucionales.
Comparación de adhesión y tipo de falla en una aleación no noble
Authors: López Saavedra Diana Alejandra , Márquez García Luis Felipe , Saavedra Gómez María Clara
Published: June 2016

Introducción: en este estudio in vitro se comparó la fuerza de adhesión y el tipo de falla producida por tres tratamientos de superficie en una aleación no noble. Materiales y métodos: 96 cilindros metálicos colados en una aleación no noble (Argeloy® N.P. Star, Argen®), agrupados para un total de 48 muestras dobles que recibieron tres tratamientos de superficie: control sin arenado con uso de metal primer (grupo 1), arenado con Al2O3 de 110 μm (grupo 2) y Al2O3 de 50 μm (grupo 3). Cada grupo recibió cementación adhesiva con dos sistemas cementantes. Monobond® Plus + Multilink® N, Ivoclar Vivadent® (ml) y Metal Primer ii + G-cem, gc Corporation, Tokyo, Japón (gc). Los especímenes fueron almacenados en agua destilada a 37 ºC por 8 semanas. Posteriormente se sometieron a fuerza de corte en el dispositivo universal de pruebas. El tipo de falla fue analizado con un estereomicroscopio. Resultados: los valores promedio de fuerza adhesiva en Megapascales (MPa) fueron: 11,02 (Control gc), 9,52 (Control ml), 10,08 (50 gc), 11,72 (50 ml), 7,85 (110 gc), 8,12 (110 ml). Se encontró diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre grupos, presentando la menor fuerza adhesiva los arenados con Al2O3 de 110 μm cementados con ambos materiales cementantes. Conclusiones: el protocolo de cementación adhesiva metal a metal no requiere arenado con partículas de óxido de aluminio.
Síndrome de burnout y calidad de vida laboral en profesionales de servicios sanitarios
Authors: Flores Noelia , Jenaro Cristrina , Cruz Maribel , Vega Vanessa , Pérez María del Carmen
Published: June 2016

El objetivo de este trabajo consistió en analizar los factores asociados con la calidad de vida laboral y su relación con el síndrome de burnout en profesionales de servicios sanitarios. La muestra estuvo formada por 562 trabajadores pertenecientes al sector sanitario, a quienes se evaluaron los estresores o demandas laborales, el apoyo social percibido, el síndrome de burnout, diversos factores de salud biopsicosocial y la satisfacción y calidad de vida laboral percibida. Los instrumentos empleados fueron el Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS), el Job Content Questionnarie (JCQ) y el Cuestionario General de Salud de Goldberg (GHQ-28). Los resultados obtenidos evidenciaron altas tasas de estrés percibido, así como la presencia de burnout o síndrome de “quemarse” por el trabajo. También se encontraron repercusiones en la salud física y psicológica de los profesionales. Los análisis de varianza pusieron de manifiesto la existencia de diferencias significativas en función de variables como la categoría profesional y los años de antigüedad en la profesión. Asimismo, los análisis de regresión confirmaron que la calidad de vida laboral experimentada por el personal sanitario es producto del equilibrio entre las demandas, los recursos y la ausencia de burnout. Los resultados justifican la necesidad de intervenir con estos profesionales para mejorar tanto su salud como la calidad de los servicios ofrecidos.
Esquemas maladaptativos tempranos en pacientes hipertensos controlados en Segovia, Colombia
Authors: Restrepo Ana Yajaira , Zambrano-Cruz Renato
Published: June 2016

Este estudio identifica la presencia de esquemas maladaptativos tempranos (EMT) en pacientes hipertensos controlados de la ESE Hospital San Juan de Dios del municipio de Segovia (Colombia). Este trabajo se realiza a partir de la perspectiva teórica de Jeffrey Young, quien sostiene que los emt sirven como filtros a través de los cuales se procesa la información de la vida diaria, lo cual repercute en la manera de afrontar cada situación. Con el tipo de investigación transversal no experimental, se describe y se establece comparación de los EMT mediante el Cuestionario de Esquemas de Young YSQ – l2 (Castrillón, Chaves, Ferrer, Londoño, Maestre, Marín y Schnitter, 2005) entre dos grupos en los cuales participaron 73 personas con diagnóstico de hipertensión y 64 personas normotensas con características sociodemográficas similares. Los resultados muestran como esquemas maladaptativos tempranos prevalecientes: abandono, vulnerabilidad al daño y a la enfermedad e inhibición emocional. Al compararlos con el segundo grupo, la vulnerabilidad al daño y a la enfermedad fue el único esquema que obtuvo puntuaciones mayores.
Fundamentos de la teoría bioecológica de Urie Bronfenbrenner
Authors: Collodel-Benetti Idonézia , Vieira Mauro Luis , Crepaldi Maria Aparecida , Ribeiro-Schneider Daniela
Published: June 2016

Esta investigación, de naturaleza teórica, tiene como objeto trabajar los siguientes aspectos de la Teoría Bioecológica del Desarrollo Humano, diseñada por Urie Bronfenbrenner: los orígenes de sus propuestas, sus bases ontológicas y epistemológicas, el punto de vista antropológico, su aplicación en términos metodológicos y las técnicas utilizadas en las investigaciones en ese campo científico. Debido a la dificultad de encontrar escritos académicos que se ocupen, uno a uno, de todos estos aspectos en un único trabajo, es que se realiza este artículo. Es un intento de revelar lo que está oculto o diluido en el discurso científico presente en los escritos de Bronfenbrenner, y llevar de manera sencilla y didáctica los elementos esenciales necesarios para una comprensión crítica de la teoría en cuestión.
Reseña del artículo "Intensive intervention for students with mathematics disabilities: seven principles of effective practice"
Authors: Marques Daniela
Published: June 2016

Con este trabajo se pretende hacer una revisión analítica sobre el artículo "Intensive intervention for students with mathematics disabilities: seven principles of effective practice", con el objetivo de brindar de forma sistematizada una perspectiva para mejorar la efectividad de la práctica clínica.
Asignación de costos en las comercializadoras mayoristas de medicamentos del municipio Alberto Adriani del estado Mérida
Authors: Torres Stacofshki Jorge A. , Morillo Moreno Marysela Coromoto
Published: June 2016

Este artículo tiene como finalidad describir, en el marco de los sistemas de costos, los procesos de asignación de costos utilizados en las empresas mayoristas de medicamentos del estado Mérida, concentradas en su mayoría en el municipio Alberto Adriani, y su efecto en la toma de decisiones y las operaciones. Se desarrolló una investigación descriptiva, de campo, basada en un diseño no experimental de un estudio de casos. Se concluye que el cálculo de la rentabilidad por sucursales, en el marco del sistema de costos total utilizado por estas empresas, es arbitrario debido a la asignación de gastos indirectos, con base en el nivel de ventas por unidades físicas desde la unidad central a cada sucursal, lo que distorsiona las utilidades. Se recomienda, para fines externos, la asignación de costos de acuerdo con bases generadoras observables o generadores de costos que midan el consumo de recursos o los esfuerzos de la unidad central sobre una sucursal, en el marco del sistema de costeo absorbente. Para evaluar internamente la gestión de las sucursales se recomienda no asignar gastos indirectos, según lo planteado en el sistema de costeo directo.
Hyomental distance in the different head positions and hyomental distance ratio in predicting difficult intubation
Authors: Kalezić Nevena , Lakićević Mirko , Miličić Biljana , Stojanović Marina , Sabljak Vera , Marković Dejan
Published: June 2016

The hyomental distance ratio (HMDR) is the ratio between the hyomental distance (HMD) (the distance between the hyoid bone and the tip of the chin) at the extreme of head extension (HMDe) and the one in the neutral position (HMDn). The objective of the study was to examine the predictive value, sensitivity, and specificity of HMDe, HMDn, and HMDR in predicting difficult endotracheal intubation (DI). A prospective study included 262 patients that underwent elective surgical operations. The following parameters were observed as possible predictors of DI: HMDR, HMDe, HMDn, Mallampati score, and body mass index (BMI). The cut-off points for the DI predictors were HMDe <5.3 cm, HMDn ≤5.5 cm, and HMDR ≤1.2. The assessment that DI existed was made by the anesthesiologist while performing laryngoscopy by applying the Cormack-Lehane classification. DI was present in 13 patients (5%). No significant difference was observed in the frequency of DI with regard to the sex, age, and BMI of the patients. Our research indicated HMDR as the best predictor of DI with a sensitivity of 95.6% and specificity of 69.2%. HMDR can be used in the everyday work of anesthesiologists because HMDR values ≤1.2 may reliably predict DI.
Software for the Partial Spectroscopy of Human Brain
Authors: Рыкунов С.Д. , Rykunov S.D.
Published: June 2016

The new methodology was developed to calculate spectral characteristics of various compartments of the human brain. This technology combines two types
of the spatial data: 1) functional tomogram presenting spatial distribution of the electric sources and 2) anatomical structure of the brain as determined
by the magnetic resonance imaging. Presently the functional tomogram is calculated from the multichannel magnetoencephalograms. In the functional tomogram,
unique spatial location corresponds to each elementary oscillation. Spatial structure of the brain compartment is generated by the segmentation of magnetic
resonance image. The partial spectrum is composed by the selection of frequencies, belonging to this compartment. The software implementing this methodology
was developed and applied to partial spectral analysis of the alpha rhythm.
Avaliação da Proteína C-Reativa e Fibrinogênio nos Estágios Avançados da Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica
Authors: Costa Rafael Neves de Souza , Maia Luana Pereira , Ribeiro Guilhardo Fontes
Published: June 2016

A Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica (DPOC) é considerada uma Síndrome Inflamatória Pluricelular Sistêmica Crônica, caracterizada por um processo inflamatório permanente que não se restringe ao sistema respiratório e que predispõe limitações do fluxo aéreo e outras comorbidades. Sendo assim, é de suma importância a análise de proteínas de fase aguda, pois concentrações elevadas dessas estão intimamente relacionadas ao pior prognóstico. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar os níveis de Proteína C-Reativa (PCR) e Fibrinogênio entre os pacientes com DPOC de estágios 3 e 4. Para esse fim, foi realizado um estudo de corte transversal, no qual foram analisados dados coletados de prontuários de 105 portadores de DPOC, de níveis de gravidade 3 e 4, obedecendo aos critérios da Global initiative for Crhronic Obstrutive Lung Disease (GOLD) 2015, assistidos por um ambulatório de referência no atendimento dessa enfermidade. O estudo revelou, em relação ao estágio de gravidade 3, uma mediana de PCR e Fibrinogênio de 2,91 mg/L e 331,5 mg/dL, respectivamente, enquanto que, para o estágio 4, esses valores foram, em sequência, 5,4 mg/L e 345,5 mg/dL. Embora a apresentação da DPOC seja mais severa nos pacientes com gravidade 4 em relação aos de gravidade 3, ao nível de 5% de significância não se pode excluir a hipótese de igualdade em relação aos níveis de PCR e Fibrinogênio entre esses estágios. Pode-se concluir que, embora os níveis dos marcadores inflamatórios estudados não diferissem com o estágio de gravidade da DPOC, os níveis de PCR ratificaram a maior predisposição desses enfermos em desenvolverem Doença Arterial Coronariana.
Correlação entre Distúrbios do Sono e Avaliação Cognitiva em Estudantes de Medicina
Authors: Lima Átila Mourão , Dutra Julia Rodrigues Marcondes , Tolentino Junior Julio César , Cortez Arthur Fernandez , Passos Roberta Benitez Freitas , Figueiredo Wagner Martignoni de
Published: June 2016

Estudantes de medicina compõem um grupo suscetível aos transtornos do sono e suas consequências, como disfunção de capacidades cognitivas. Este estudo, transversal e descritivo, tem como objetivo principal analisar o sono dos estudantes de medicina e sua correlação com alterações cognitivas por meio de testes neuropsicológicos. Foram incluídos aleatoriamente 50 alunos de graduação em medicina da Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (Unirio). Utilizaram-se os seguintes instrumentos de avaliação: Índice de Qualidade de Sono de Pittsburgh (PSQI); Escala de Sonolência de Epworth (ESE); análise da presença de insônia e seus subtipos; Trail Making Test (TMT) Parte A e Parte B; Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). Dos 50 estudantes avaliados, 27 (54%) eram do sexo feminino e 23 (46%), do masculino. A idade variou de 19 e 32 anos (22,9 ±2,9 anos). O tempo médio de sono foi de aproximadamente 6 h. Trinta e oito (76%) alunos relataram sintomas de insônia, 37 (74%) apresentaram “qualidade rum do sono”, de acordo com o PSQI, e 16 (32%) preenchiam pontuação na ESE para sonolência excessiva diurna (SED). Diferente do esperado, não houve correlação entre a presença de sintomas de insônia, menor tempo de sono noturno, pior qualidade de sono e critérios para SED com pior desempenho no TMT e DSST em estudantes de medicina.
La promoción de juegos populares y tradicionales en los centros de enseñanza primaria del municipio de Boiro (A Coruña)
Authors: Rodríguez Fernández José Eugenio , Pazos Couto José María , Palacios Aguilar José
Published: June 2016

El actual currículum  para la Educación Primaria en la Comunidad Autónoma de Galicia recoge la importancia de los juegos populares y tradicionales gallegos y establece los contenidos a trabajar en toda esta etapa educativa, basados principalmente en el reconocimiento, práctica, investigación, historia y valor cultural que este tipo de prácticas tiene para el alumnado de esta comunidad. El juego de bolos en Boiro tuvo en otros tiempos una gran repercusión entre la ciudadanía, siendo probablemente el principal divertimiento de los boirenses en el primer tercio del siglo XX. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la promoción, difusión y práctica de los juegos populares y tradicionales en general y del juego de bolos en particular en los centros de enseñanza primaria del municipio de Boiro, utilizando técnicas cualitativas para la obtención de datos, siendo la entrevista personal la principal herramienta utilizada para tal fin. Los resultados del estudio nos muestran la necesidad de profundizar en el trabajo de estas prácticas lúdicas en los centros de enseñanza, hoy en día más orientados a cumplir con lo mínimo establecido en el currículum oficial que en dotar de verdadero significado a juegos que forman parte de la historia y cultura del pueblo de Boiro, siendo el juego de bolos la referencia más clara en este sentido. Las Administraciones Públicas deben coordinarse para poner en práctica un proyecto mucho más ambicioso de recuperación de este tipo de prácticas, en el que la escuela debe considerarse como el punto de partida.
Rendimiento académico y correspondencias con indicadores de salud física y psicológica
Authors: Portolés Ariño Alberto , González Fernández Juan
Published: June 2016

El rendimiento académico de los adolescentes está influenciado y determinado por numerosos factores. El estilo de vida y las conductas de salud adoptadas en este periodo pueden relacionarse con el rendimiento académico, de tal forma que los adolescentes con estilos de vida y conductas más saludables, pueden presentar un rendimiento académico más adaptado. Igualmente, mantener correctos indicadores de salud psicológica se relaciona con el rendimiento académico adaptado. Los resultados obtenidos con una muestra de 1210 adolescentes de la Región de Murcia, con edad media de 15.13 años permite valorar la importancia de los indicadores de salud como determinantes del rendimiento académico, por lo que se deberían desarrollar programas encaminados a mantener niveles positivos de dichas conductas.
Don Rodrigo Calderón o el emblema de una caída estrepitosa: sátiras del conde de Villamediana contra un ministro de Felipe III
Authors: Diallo Karidjatou
Published: June 2016

Don Rodrigo Calderón, marqués de Siete Iglesias, ministro de Felipe III y valido del duque de Lerma, tras experimentar un veloz ascenso político que le convirtió en uno de los hombres más influyentes de España en el siglo XVII, cayó en desgracia por una presunta implicación en algunos crímenes y delitos que le llevaron al patíbulo donde fue ejecutado el 21 de octubre de 1621. Su trayectoria política inspiró a numerosos poetas entre los cuales destaca el conde de Villamediana, el único que le satirizó prolífica y asiduamente. Nos proponemos en este artículo analizar someramente algunas de sus sátiras contra don Rodrigo, haciendo hincapié en sus aspectos literarios y socio-políticos a fin de elucidar sus motivaciones profundas
What Else Can Music Preferences do? A Commentary on Clark and Giacomantonio
Authors: Lamont Alexandra
Published: June 2016

This commentary considers the uses to which information about music preferences can be put, considering the findings from Clark and Giacomantonio (2015) and other related studies of music preferences. It focuses on three areas.  Firstly, the ways in which music preferences can be, and have been, studied are critically examined. Secondly, the factors and variables to which music preferences have been linked are investigated, exploring the nature and direction of this relationship. Finally, the specific findings of Clark and Giacomantonio in relation to music and empathy are critically evaluated. Further research is required before firm implications about the direction of influences between music preferences and other variables can be drawn.
Introduction to the Special Issue on Music and Empathy: Part 2
Authors: Waddington Caroline
Published: June 2016

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Empathies of Musical Performance and Understanding
Authors: Vishio Anton
Published: June 2016

In my commentary on Erin Heisel’s thought-provoking essay, I explore alternative responses to the masterclass she describes. I propose expanding the kinds of empathy that might be most useful to performers to include “cognitive empathy,” while suggesting ways in which an empathy of identification can be problematic. I consider as well expansions to her definition of empathy to engage considerations of musical structure and embodiment, and I close with a proposal to expand Heisel’s pedagogical techniques into situations where empathy may be hard to find.
Toward Predicting Prosocial Behavior: Music Preference and Empathy Differences Between Adolescents and Adults
Authors: Clark Shannon Scott , Giacomantonio S. Giac
Published: June 2016

Empathy plays a role in social competence and intelligence, and can serve as a buffer against antisocial tendencies. Numerous studies highlight the relationship between empathy, prosocial behaviors, and the predictive utility of music preferences. This study examined participant differences in music preferences and empathy as a function of age, and whether preferred music genre predicted empathy (as a correlate to prosocial behavior). A new measure was devised to assess music preferences more accurately (i.e. with better face/construct validity) than existing measures. The Basic Empathy Scale measured empathy as a multidimensional construct. Younger participants exhibited greater empathy than older ones. Each music preference factor contributed uniquely to empathy variance in multiple regression models. Younger and older participants differed on music preferences (arguably associated with age-related sociocultural influences). Conclusions were drawn regarding the age differences in empathy and music preferences, the systematically greater influences of music preferences on cognitive compared to affective empathy, and the greater associations with empathy of specific music preferences. Limitations and implications for government policy and further research are discussed.
Commentary on "Measuring Aksak Rhythm and Synchronization in Transylvanian Village Music by Using Motion Capture"
Authors: Cler Jerome
Published: June 2016

While the methodologies employed by Bonini-Baraldi et al., document the rhythms produced in a single set of performances, those methodologies would be more relevant if applied to a comparative study of various aksak rhythms, rather than to a study of a single rhythmic pattern. The results of the present study are not very different from the findings of R.I.T.M.O seminar (J. During, J. Cler. et al,) during the mid 1990s.
Response to Jin Hyun Kim - Dynamics of Musical Expression
Authors: Doantan-Dack Mine
Published: June 2016

This commentary focuses on three aspects of the experience of musical expressiveness as a dynamically emergent phenomenon: the nature of the experience itself, the nature of the dynamic forms of music, and the process of shaping music expressively in the act of music-making.
Review of "Experience and Meaning in Music Performance", by Martin Clayton, Byron Dueck and Laura Leante
Authors: Alaghband-Zadeh Chloe
Published: June 2016

Book Review
Action, Enaction, Inter(en)action
Authors: Schiavio Andrea
Published: June 2016

Leman and Maes offer a comprehensive review of the main theoretical and empirical themes covered by the research on music and embodied cognition. Their article provides an insight into the work being carried at the Institute for Psychoacoustic and Electronic Music (IPEM) of Ghent University, Belgium - in which they work - and presents a theory of the main implications of embodiment for music perception. The present paper is divided into three parts. In the first one, I will explore the conceptual topography of embodied music cognition as maintained by the authors, to see whether the empirical research proposed fits the aims of this standpoint. In the second I will argue that while Leman and Maes are right to move towards a more dynamically implemented stance, the arguments used to justify this shift seem to be inconsistent with the framework they account for. In the third and final part of this commentary I will claim that if the authors wish to dedicate their work to develop a truly embodied, sensorimotor, and dynamic account to music cognition, they would need to abandon some of the assumptions defended in their work, searching for further empirical corroboration in the concrete dynamics of interactive, or participatory, musical sense-making.
Musical Manipulations and the Emotionally Extended Mind
Authors: Krueger Joel
Published: June 2016

I respond to Kersten’s criticism in his article “Music and Cognitive Extension” of my approach to the musically extended emotional mind in Krueger (2014). I specify how we manipulate—and in so doing, integrate with—music when, as active listeners, we become part of a musically extended cognitive system. I also indicate how Kersten’s account might be enriched by paying closer attention to the way that music functions as an environmental artifact for emotion regulation.
The Role of Embodiment in the Perception of Music
Authors: Leman Marc , Maes Pieter-Jan
Published: June 2016

In this paper, we present recent and on-going research in the field of embodied music cognition, with a focus on studies conducted at IPEM, the research laboratory in systematic musicology at Ghent University, Belgium. Attention is devoted to encoding/decoding principles underlying musical expressiveness, synchronization and entrainment, and action-based effects on music perception. The discussed empirical findings demonstrate that embodiment is only one component in an interconnected network of sensory, motor, affective, and cognitive systems involved in music perception. Currently, these findings drive embodiment theory towards a more dynamical approach in which the interaction between various internal processes and the external environment are of central importance.
Embodied Cognition, Perception, and Performance in Music
Authors: Geeves Andrew , Sutton John
Published: June 2016

In this response to Leman and Maes’s paper in this issue, we raise a couple of concerns about the authors’ particular approach to embodied music cognition, drawing selectively on their other writings to enrich our interpretation of this target article, while pointing to a few of the many other legitimate research paths that can also fall under this label. We explore two underlying dichotomies implicit in the research programme adumbrated by Leman and Maes – cognition/embodiment and perception/performance – and implications for their theory of embodied music cognition. We then examine research that has focussed on the perspective of the music performer.
Introduction to Special Issue on Music and Embodied Cognition
Authors: Ryan Kevin J
Published: June 2016

THIS issue, broken into two volumes (Vol. 9, No. 3-4, 2014), offers a unique contribution to contemporary research on embodied approaches to music perception and related phenomenon.  While the role of the body has often been acknowledged in a variety of disciplinary contexts, particularly in the domain of music performance, the 4E movement in cognitive science – i.e. interrelated paradigms that study cognitive processes as embodied, embedded, enactive, and extended phenomenon - has pushed advances in previously underexplored areas.  Critically analyzing the benefits (and limits) of embodied approaches to the perception of music and related artistic practices is a crucial step for expanding the conceptual and empirical foundations of the 4E movement, as well as addressing related concerns for musicologists and music scholars.