bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nutritional and Health Benefits of Peanut (Arachis Hypogaea)-based Therapeutic Foods as Well as its Effects on Child Health Services Delivery in North-West Nigeria
Authors: Abubakar Mohammed I.
Published: September 2022

Hunger and malnutrition are some of the pressing challenges facing the health systems in the developing world today, and more innovative interventions are needed as a solution to these challenges. The aim of this study is to identify the nutritional and health benefits of peanut-based therapeutic foods in children suffering from malnutrition and assess the effects of this specific therapeutic food on the outcomes of child health services delivery in North-West Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to measure multiple factors and identify the nutritional and health benefits of peanut-based therapeutic foods and assess its acceptability among individuals and families of malnourished children in North-West Nigeria. The effects of PBTF on the delivery of child health services in Sabon Gari Local Government Area in Kaduna state, North-West Nigeria. A total of 396 (97.5%) of mothers and caregivers believe that PBTF is making their child better. Up to 305 (75.1%) reported that the general health of their child has improved and 77 (19%) said their child gained weight, 13 (3.2%) reported that their child’s appetite has increased while 8 (2%) had noticed an increase in the activity of the child. Most respondents (96.5%) believe eating peanuts alone or with food is beneficial to their health. In conclusion, Peanut-Based Therapeutic Foods have valuable nutritional and health benefits and PBTF drives the performance of child health services delivery in North-West Nigeria. Keywords: Child health Services Delivery, Malnutrition, Peanut-based therapeutic food, Ready-to-use therapeutic foods.
A Review of the Efficacy of Current Management Strategies in Mitigating Lassa fever In Nigeria
Authors: Bashir Samira Ahmad
Published: September 2022

Lassa fever is a disease endemic to Nigeria that has shown increased virility annually. Problem: An increase in reported cases and resultant death. Risk Assessment: Endemic to areas of low socioeconomic persons characterized by high density and poor hygiene and sanitation. Results: There is a gap in surveillance and communication with sub-optimal compliance to health protection guidelines. Though environmental policies have been established there is very small evidence of implementation. Recommendation: Emphasis on environmental sanitation and hygiene must be ensured. Keywords: Environmental sanitation and hygiene, Lassa fever.
The Role of Nutrition in the Prevention and Management of Neonatal Jaundice in Ghana
Authors: Adiiboka Frederick
Published: September 2022

Despite the well-established importance of nutrition in health and wellness, nutrition’s involvement in the management and prevention of neonatal jaundice varies greatly from one guideline to another, to the extent that some guidelines do not include the role of nutrition in the prevention and management of neonatal jaundice. In addition, mothers typically translate their nutrition knowledge into the care of their babies. Hence, it is prudent for mothers to have the requisite knowledge needed to prevent any health condition, including neonatal jaundice. This study, therefore, sought to investigate and consolidate practices that elucidate the role nutrition plays in the prevention and management of neonatal jaundice in Ghana. The study was a multi-center nested, case-control study involving 120 cases and 120 controls of neonates in three referral hospitals in Ghana. Assessment of nutrition knowledge showed that with regards to the WHO (2004 & 2017) infant feeding recommendations, mothers of babies with neonatal jaundice had a higher nutrition score than mothers with healthy babies. During treatment of neonatal jaundice, babies were mostly fed breastmilk only, and, in a few cases, extra fluids were given if the baby is not exclusively breastfed or there is a risk of dehydration during phototherapy. No probiotic supplements were given, and micronutrient supplementation may or may not be given, depending on the prevailing health conditions of the neonate. It is recommended that further assessment should be carried out to identify the effectiveness of the nutrition education given during antenatal and postnatal education sessions at hospitals, clinics, and health centers. Keywords Breastfeeding, Malnutrition, Neonatal jaundice, nutrition education, World Health Organisation (WHO).
Analysis of Sexually Assault Patients Presenting at a Secondary Hospital, South Africa
Authors: E Reji
Published: September 2022

Sexual assault and rape remain a huge problem in South Africa. However, only a few studies have investigated the association of demographic features and characteristics of sexual assault on the victims. The prevalence of rape in women globally is 7.2%, and in Sub-Saharan Africa 3 (21%). The objective was to determine the sexual assault characteristics and the relationship between the sexual assault characteristics and the socio-demographics of patients who presented for counselling. A retrospective, cross-sectional study was undertaken by reviewing 501 patient files who presented to a secondary-level hospital. A data capture sheet was used to collect information. The analysis included descriptive statistics and Chi-square test. The mean age was 21.5 ± 12.3 years. The women that presented to the hospital were black (92.4%), single (95.4%), unemployed (83.8%), and had a school education (27.6%). Only 4% of the participants were males. Fifty-eight percent of the participants reported that sexual assault had taken place between a Friday and a Sunday, between 18.00 to 05.59 hours. Women older than 20 years were three times more susceptible to sexual assault at night (p = 0.00). Young women were sexually assaulted more frequently at the perpetrator’s place (p = 0.01), and at party venues or in cars (p = 0.01). Health workers play a big role through preventive, educative, and curative measures. Health talks in educational institutes and public areas should be enforced. Safety and security officials should consider the identified risk factors for sexual assault and targeted interventions. Keywords: Crisis centre, Level two hospital, Sexual assault, Secondary hospital.
The Need for Covid- 19 Prevention Training Program and its Effect in Community
Authors: A.B Kalolella,
Published: September 2022

This essay discusses the need for Covid 19 prevention training program and its effect to community members. Community training create enabling environment for community members to critically look to their skills, prepares community members to adapt new lifestyle in systematic and in logical manners in how they address the immerging health challenges. Community training stimulates, motivates, empowers and streamline community members to improve quality of their lives and ability to deals with life challenges, particularly in health and personal hygiene. The community training increase health promotion effect and has higher chance of improving how community members may be able to comply and adhere to the instructions of Covid 19 preventions. Community training has an effect on positive attitude and safe community and working environment which also bring good relationship between community members and leaders, employers, employees and visitors of community organizations or places. The community health training fosters collective responsibilities to respond to new health challenges and motivate community members to easily adapt new knowledge and attitude to eliminate diseases of public health importance. The main purpose of this training must be to increase knowledge, skills and improve mental health condition that will influence psychosocial change and remove discouraging factors that has been observed to critically affecting the community and health staff in providing services while fighting Covid-19 to increase vaccine uptake. The training program should use competent trainers with well-planned and structured contents that include specific goal, objectives, and training activities to address mental health; Depression, anxiety, psychological distress and vaccine intake hesitance. The appropriate Pedagogical approaches of training will be able to create effective interaction between trainees and trainers for effective learning that influence changes. Keywords: Covid-19 prevention, Community training, Community members, Covid-19 vaccination, Mental health, Vaccine hesitance.
Knowledge, Attitude and Uptake of Family Planning among Adolescent Girls in Rural and Urban Areas of FCT, Nigeria
Authors: Esther Ogundana Adejoke
Published: September 2022

Among female adolescents, maternal deaths due to unsafe abortion and childbirth complications is a leading cause of death. Contraceptive use prevents unwanted pregnancies and reduces the need for unsafe abortion. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 174 adolescent girls, ages 15 – 19yrs, in two different settings (rural and urban). The knowledge of the adolescents on family planning, their attitude to the uptake of family planning and the actual uptake of family planning among them were assessed. A high knowledge level of 77% was observed among the respondents in rural settings and 92% among the respondents in urban settings. The respondents’ attitude was also found to be high, 78% in the rural setting and 84% in urban setting, this was linked to the high knowledge of family planning among the respondents. A low uptake level of 47% was observed among the respondents in rural setting and 67% among respondents in urban setting. The respondents’ overall uptake of family planning was observed to be 58% which is low and not commensurate with the high knowledge of family planning observed among the respondents. Therefore, to improve the uptake of family planning among the adolescents, it is important to create messages that will target their partners, parents, religious institutions, and the society to support contraceptives for adolescents. There should be youth friendly clinics that provide family planning services to adolescents in the communities, they require a comfortable environment where they could access family planning services without fear of prejudice. Keywords: Adolescents, Family planning, Rural, Urban.
Austrıan Posts in the Ottoman State
Authors: ASLAN Taner
Published: September 2022

Osmanlı Devletinde yabancı postaların varlığının 15. Yüzyılda Venedik’e verilen imtiyazlar neticesinde başladığı söylenebilir. Osmanlı Devleti’nin verdiği imtiyazlar neticesinde posta açma hakkını elde Avrupalı devletler, ülkenin önemli ticaret merkezlerinde posta büroları açmışlardır. Yabancı postalar arasında en dikkat çekici posta ise Avusturyalılara aitti. Çeşitli anlaşmalarla posta büroları açan Avusturya, açtığı 80’den fazla posta bürosuyla önemli bir varlık alanı oluşturmuştur. Osmanlı Devleti, mühim bir sorun olan yabancı postalarla ve özellikle de bunlar arasında sayıca ve faaliyet açısından oldukça geniş bir donanıma sahip olan Avusturya postalarıyla mücadele etmek durumunda kalmıştır. Çalışmada, Osmanlı topraklarında Avusturya postalarının kuruluşu ve bu postalarla yapılan mücadele üzerinde durulmuştur.
Sancak of Menteşe during the National Struggle in the Light of Telegrams which were sent to the Turkish Grand Nationalasembly
Authors: AKÇA Bayram , AKÇA Seher
Published: September 2022

Bu çalışmada, 11 Mayın 1919 tarihinde Menteşe (Muğla) Sancağının sahil ilçelerinin İtalyan işgaline uğraması, 15 Mayıs 1919 tarihinde İzmir’in Yunan işgaline uğraması ve bu durum üzerine Menteşe (Muğla) Sancağında meydana gelen tepkiler, İtalyan ve Yunan işgallerine karşı Muğla-Merkez ve bağlı Fethiye, Köyceğiz, Marmaris, Milas ve Bodrum ilçelerinde Kuva-yı Milliye teşkilatlarının kurulması, I ve II. Nazilli Kongrelerinde Muğla’nın yeri, Aydın savaşlarında Muğla Kuva-yı Milliye Teşkilatı’nın yeri, Ankara Hükümeti’nin düzenli orduya geçiş kararı alması ve ordunun kurulması, Batı Cephesi’nde düzenli ordunun I. İnönü Zaferi üzerine 25 Ocak 1921 tarihinde Milas İlçesi’nden TBMM’ye gönderilen tebrik ve destek telgrafı, II. İnönü zaferi üzerine 9 Nisan 1921 tarihinde Milas İlçesi’nden TBMM’ye gönderilen tebrik ve bağış telgrafı, Sakarya Savaşı’nın kazanılması üzerine 22 Ağustos 1921 tarihinde Muğla-Merkez, Marmaris ve Fethiye ilçelerinden TBMM’ye gönderilen destek ve tebrik telgrafları, Sakarya Zaferi sonrası 24 Eylül 1921 tarihinde Mustafa Kemal Paşa’ya TBMM tarafından Müşirlik ve Gazilik Nişanının verilmesi üzerine Muğla’dan gönderilen tebrik telgrafı, Büyük Taarruz sonrasında Afyon’un kurtuluşu üzerine 29 Ağustos 1921 tarihinde Marmaris’ten Başkumandan’a gönderilen tebrik telgrafı ve 10 Temmuz 1923 tarihinde Milas’ta bulunan Eski Mebusan Meclisi Başkanı Halil Menteşe tarafından TBMM’ye gönderilen tebrik telgrafı ele alınmıştır.
Van With Public Works, Economic And Social Developments (1923-1960)
Authors: KARDAŞ Abdulaziz
Published: September 2022

Van, sahip olduğu coğrafi özellikler ve askeri-stratejik konumu nedeniyle tarih boyunca birçok medeniyetin dikkatini çekmiştir. Osmanlı Devleti’nin son döneminde de önemini koruyan Van, I. Dünya Savaşı yıllarında çıkan Ermeni İsyanları ve ardında gerçekleşen Rus işgali şehrin tahrip olmasına yol açmıştır. Savaş sonrasında muhaceretten dönenler ve evleri tahrîp olanlar eski şehirde barınacak bir yer bulamadıkları için gölden 7-8 km uzaklıkta daha az tahrip edilmiş olan bağ ve bahçelik alanlara yerleşmek suretiyle yeni Van şehrini meydana getirmişlerdi.

Van, Cumhuriyetin ilanı ile birlikte yeni devletin vilâyetleri arasında yer almıştı. Bu dönemde yeni devletin kuruluş felsefesi çerçevesinde vilayetlerin bayındırlık, iktisadi, sosyal, kültürel gibi alanlardaki sorunları giderilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu bağlamda I. Dünya Savaşı yıllarında yakılıp yıkılan Van’ın yeniden kalkındırılması için çalışmalara başlanmıştır. Vilâyetin en temel sorunları arasında yer alan ulaşım ve taşımacılık alanında yeni adımlar atılmıştır. Karayolu ve köprü alanında çalışmalar yapılmış, bunun yanında ulaşım ve taşımacılıkta önemli rol oynayan Van Gölü İşletme İdaresi’nin çalışmaları planlı hale getirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bunların yanında demiryolunun Van’a ulaştırılması ve hava ulaşımı için havaalanın açılması ve seferlerin planlanmasına gayret edilmiştir. Ulaşım ve taşımacılığın yanında şehrin tarım alanında gelişmesini sağlamak amacıyla sulama kanalları yapılmıştır. Şehrin içme suyu sorunu çözmek amacıyla yeni çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Bu dönemde ayrıca şehrin aydınlatılması ve sanayinin gelişmesinde önemli rol oynayacak elektrik santrallerinin yapılmasına başlanmıştır.

Söz konusu çalışmaların yanında Van’da kalkınmayı sağlayacak nüfusun artırılması için göç-iskân politikası uygulanmıştır. Van’a gelen göçmenler İskele Köyü ve Edremit civarında iskân edilmiştir. Hükümet, Van mimarisine de örnek olabilecek devlet daireleri ve göçmen evleri inşa etmiştir. Ancak dönem içerisinde meydana gelen depremlerin yol açtığı yıkım, devletin bayındırlık alanındaki faaliyetlerini yok etmiştir.

Van’ın eğitim ve kültür alanlarında gelişmesini sağlamak amacıyla ilköğretimde yeni okullar açıldı. Orta ve yükseköğretimde de sanat okulları, Ernis Köy Enstitüsü ve Doğu Üniversitesi gibi kurumların açılması ve faaliyetlerinin yoğunlaştırılmasına çalışılmıştır. Van’da sağlık sorunlarının çözülmesi amacıyla yeni kurumlar açılmış ve bu dönemde yaşanan salgın hastalıklarla mücadele edilmiştir.
Biosafety pada Laboratorium Biologi Sekolah Menengah Atas Se-Kota Yogyakarta
Authors: Sari Maulida Ivana , Nisa Rifda Khairun , Messy Messy , Rahmawati Senja Amalia , Saifuddin Moch. Fuad , Puspitasari Etika Dyah
Published: September 2022

Laboratorium biologi memiliki potensi besar menyebabkan kontaminasi atau menyebarkan penyakit, termasuk pada level laboratorium biologi SMA. Oleh karena itu, biosafety perlu dipastikan terimplementasi guna mengurangi risiko paparan agen yang menyebarkan penyakit. Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui penerapan Biosafety di Laboratorium Biologi SMA di kota Yogyakarta. Pengambilan sampel sekolah secara random dari sekolah yang ada di kota Yogyakarta. Pengambilan data melalui wawancara secara langsung terhadap laboran atau guru biologi sekolah A, B, dan C. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil analisis menunjukkan sekolah A, B, dan C telah menerapkan Biosafety saat praktikum di laboratorium biologi. Hanya saja ada beberapa hal dari ketiga sekolah tersebut yang harus diperbaiki dan ditingkatkan agar menjadi laboratorium biologi sekolah dengan keamanan yang  baik.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Pendekatan Saintifik dengan Real object dan ICT terhadap Literasi Biologi Siswa
Authors: Pratiwi Ahmi Yofaniar
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan model pembelajaran berbasis pendekatan saintifik dengan real object dan ICT terhadap peningkatan literasi biologi peserta didik. Penelitian ini adalah quasi experiment dengan pre posttest group design. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan pretest-posttest dan observasi. Hasilnya diketahui bahwa dengan penggunaan real object dan ICT (blended) terdapat pengaruh pada peningkatan literasi biologi siswa dalam kategori sedang (g: 0,3). Hal ini dibuktikan dengan peningkatan rata-rata nilai sebesar 11,5%. Berdasarkan hasil uji Kruskal-Wallis didapatkan nilai Asymp. Sig. 0,0020,05 yang berarti hipotesis diterima. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh penggunaan model pembelajaran berbasis pendekatan saintifik dengan real object dan ICT terhadap literasi biologi siswa.
An investigation into the use of acid treated sugar cane bagasse ash-based coagulants for water treatment
Authors: Falayi Thabo
Published: September 2022

The aim of the study was to investigate the possibility to use acid treated sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) as a coagulant. The effect of type of acid, coagulant dose, time and pH on the coagulation characteristic were investigated. Synthetic turbid water was used for the tests. The coagulants were treated with H2SO4 (SSCBA) and HCl (HSCBA). A 6% m/v solid loading (S/L) of HSCBA reduced turbidity by 97.7% whilst an 8% m/v S/L of SSCBA reduced turbidity by 90.9%. Both coagulants exhibited hindered, transition and compression settling characteristics, however HSCBA had faster settling pattern. Turbidity reduction was best in the 6–10 pH range where there was over 90% turbidity reduction from an initial synthetic turbid water of 110 nephelometric turbidity units (NTU). Both coagulants were tested against natural highly turbid river water, and it was shown that only the HSCBA could reduce turbidity from 1,644 NTU to 2 NTU over 100 min. It was also shown that an overflow rate allowance of 0.01 cm/s could achieve 90% turbidity reduction using HSCBA when type 1 settling used for empirical calculations. The use of HSCBA was also shown to result in an insignificant amount of residual pH, Fe, Cu and Zn in the treated water. This therefore makes the use of HSCBA favorable in that it does not change the chemistry of the treated water.
Quando a Lama Encobre os Horizontes: Uma reflexão Sobre os Riscos na Modernidade
Authors: Vasconcelos Jacqueline Martins de Carvalho , Nonato Eunice Maria Nazarethe , Campos Renata Bernardes Faria , Nodari Eunice Sueli
Published: September 2022

Este artigo discute, a partir do ocorrido em 5 de novembro de 2015, envolvendo o rompimento da barragem de Fundão, de propriedade da Mineradora Samarco S.A., uma joint-venture das empresas Vale S.A. e BHp Billiton, o desastre sociotécnico que se configura como expressão do risco na modernidade. A partir da ótica de autores como Giddens e Ulrich Beck refletimos sobre a relação entre risco e desastre na modernidade. A onda de rejeitos provocada por este rompimento causou incontáveis impactos socioeconômicos e ambientais na bacia do Rio Doce, atingiu drasticamente ecossistemas e habitantes dos estados de Minas Gerais e Espírito Santo. Este desastre se constitui, portanto, como uma manifestação dos riscos imbricados no processo de construção das sociedades e evidencia que os desastres ambientais são indicadores das profundas transformações das relações entre o homem e seu entorno. Neste sentido, conclui-se que as questões ecológicas e ambientais constituem pauta urgente para as políticas públicas e que a luta e a resistência das comunidades atingidas são mecanismos importantes para que o desastre e os impactos provocados por ele não sejam esquecidos.
Ambiente e Sociedade em Tempos de Emergência Climática: Do Resgate Histórico ao Momento Atual
Authors: Jacobi Pedro Roberto , Arruda Filho MarcosTavares de , Pierro Bruno de
Published: September 2022

O sexto relatório do IPCC trouxe um forte alerta para a questão climática no mundo. O aviso chega em um cenário de desastres naturais que se espalharam ao redor do mundo nos últimos meses. A complexidade desse processo de transformação de um planeta, não apenas crescentemente ameaçado, mas também diretamente afetado pelos riscos socioambientais e seus danos, é cada vez mais notória. A emergência climática foi uma das grandes pautas de 2021, marcando importantes eventos internacionais relacionados à temática. Na América Latina e no Caribe, as inundações são o tipo de desastre mais comum desde o ano 2000. O debate sobre justiça e desigualdades sociais relacionadas às mudanças climáticas se intensificou ao longo da última década, devido à crescente incidência de eventos climáticos extremos. A injustiça climática advém da exposição de populações pobres a alterações climáticas criadas e exacerbadas pela atividade degenerativa humana. No Brasil, aproximadamente 85% dos desastres naturais estão relacionados às chuvas ou à falta delas. O país apresenta um histórico de tragédias climáticas relacionadas a esse desequilíbrio hídrico. A construção de uma justiça climática brasileira se faz necessária por meio da criação de políticas públicas e de planos de ação nesse sentido.
Modelos de Desarrollo y Trayectorias Vitivinícolas y Olivícola en la Provincia de San Juan: Una Propuesta para su Periodización
Authors: Fili Juan Pablo
Published: September 2022

En este trabajo se analizaron las principales herramientas de política pública que se han utilizado en la provincia de San Juan en el oeste argentino para difundir, regular u obstaculizar la producción vitivinícola y olivícola, desde la etapa colonial. A partir de un abordaje que combinó la teoría de los Regímenes Agroalimentarios Internacionales, la llamada Escuela Francesa de la Regulación y los aportes de los estudios regionales, se buscó problematizar las visiones simplistas del desarrollo provincial con que se ha tendido a interpretar el devenir histórico de la provincia, desentrañando el carácter complejo y variable que asumió la configuración de dichos modelos hasta la década del 80´ del siglo pasado. Además, el trabajo permitió sistematizar información de diferentes fuentes documentales para ponerlas en diálogo desde un nuevo enfoque global-local, hasta ahora una cuestión vacante en los estudios sobre el tema. Como resultado, se propone una periodización de diferentes modelos de desarrollo a lo largo de la historia productiva de la provincia de San Juan.
Conflicts Between Neighbors: Viticulturists and Soybean Farmers at the Pampa Biome – RS, Brazil
Authors: Nodari Eunice Sueli
Published: September 2022

The Pampa Biome represented in last four centuries a specialization in cattle production, with high historical, socioeconomic, and cultural similarities between Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay, the countries that share the same Biome. However, from the twentieth century onward the scenario changed. Agriculture and forestry, because of the higher and faster financial returns are now the most important in socio and economic levels. From 2000 onward, a movement of expansion in Brazilian viticulture has highlighted new potential borders, in this case, replacing natural pastures in the Pampa Biome. The significant growth of grapevine area can be illustrated by the doubled surface, reaching 1560 hectares, and the number of vineyards grew from 7 to more than a 100. In 2010 it was created the association “Vinhos da Campanha” to represent the region, to structure the geographical indication and to improve the visibility of this terroir and their physical and environmental conditions. However, viticulturists did not expect a huge threat to their vineyards. In the seven past years, the 2,4-D based herbicides spread over transgenic soybean plants cultivated nearby vineyards is causing the decrease of fruit production, presence of herbicide residue in harvested fruit, killing parts or even the entire vineyards: all damages representing monetary losses. Finally, due to the losses and the underway lawsuits, the community cohesion has been broken apart: viticulturists increased cohesion and union among themselves, but social cohesion between them and soybean growers no longer exist in several areas of Rio Grande do Sul state. Later on similar scenario reached other Brazilian States and other fruit species.
Okul Öncesi Eğitimde Uzaktan Eğitim Uygulamaları: Çevrimiçi Canlı Dersler
Authors: AKŞİN YAVUZ Ezgi
Published: September 2022

Araştırmanın amacı uzaktan eğitim sürecinde okul öncesi öğretmenleriningerçekleştirdikleri canlı ders etkinliklerinin detaylı olarak incelenmesi veöğretmen deneyimlerinin alınmasıdır. Bu kapsamda canlı ders etkinlikleri;etkinlik çeşitleri, içerikleri, etkinliklerde yer verilen kavramlar, tercih edilenöğretim yöntemleri, değerlendirme yöntemleri, aile katılımı ve varsa özelgereksinimli öğrencilere yönelik gerçekleştirdikleri uyarlamalar incelenmiştir.Öğretmenlerin etkinliklerin uygulanması sürecindeki deneyimleri; etkinliklerinplanlanması sürecinde yararlandıkları kaynaklar, etkinliklerin uygulanmasındakarşılaştıkları sorunlar ile uygulamada başarıyı arttırmaya yönelik aldıklarıönlemlerin incelenmesiyle sağlanmıştır. Nitel yöntemle tasarlanan araştırmadadurum çalışması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmaya toplam 11 öğretmen katılmış ve8 hafta süresince gerçekleştirdikleri canlı dersler incelenmiştir. Etkinlik planıinceleme formu ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılarak verilertoplanmıştır. Frekans yüzde hesaplamaları ile içerik analizinin gerçekleştirildiğiaraştırma sonucunda; uygulanan etkinliklerin çoğunun bütünleştirilmiş yapıdaolduğu ve sıklıkla Türkçe, sanat, oyun, okuma yazmaya hazırlık etkinlikçeşitlerinin ele alındığı anlaşılmıştır. Etkinliklerde yoğunlukla bilişsel gelişimalanının desteklendiği, kavramlara pek yer verilmediği belirlenmiştir. Öğretimyöntemi olarak aktif öğrenme, anlatım, soru cevap ve eğitsel oyun çokçakullanılmıştır. Öğretmenler canlı derslerini planlarken çoğunlukla internetkaynaklarından faydalandıklarını belirtmişlerdir. Canlı derslere dair güçlükleriise çocuklarla etkili iletişim kurmada zorluk, yetersiz canlı ders süresi veteknolojik alt yapı eksikliği olarak sınıflandırmışlardır.
Endovascular treatment of the gluteal artery pseudoaneurysm: a case report
Authors: Susanin N.V. , Chernyavskiy M.A. , Vanyurkin A.G. , Vlasovets A.A. , Moiseev K.P.
Published: September 2022

False aneurysms, also known as pseudoaneurysms, most commonly occur when the main arteries are injured in various ways. False aneurysms of smaller arteries located in the hard-to-reach areas are less common. These include aneurysms of the gluteal arteries. This disorder presents a serious problem due to both difficulties in diagnosis and in determining the tactics of surgical treatment. This article presents a case of successfully treated pseudoaneurysm of the gluteal artery in an elderly patient with underlying severe comorbidities. A 73-year-old patient was admitted to the clinic of vascular surgery with complaints of discomfort and pulsating sensation in the right gluteal region during exercise. Ultrasound examination and multislice computed tomography revealed a false aneurysm in the branch of the internal iliac artery measuring 57 × 36 × 46 mm, which was an indication for surgical treatment. The endovascular treatment scoped implantation of the occluder in the superior gluteal artery. The perioperative period was uneventful. According to the scheduled postoperative examination, the patient's condition was satisfactory. Of practical and clinical interest is the fact that the treatment of this disorder is a technically complex and time-consuming process. In this case, the endovascular treatment of aneurysm with an occluder resulted in an adequate therapeutic effect in the patient with underlying severe comorbidities and reduced the risk of perioperative complications. The patient returned to a normal life within a short time.
Received 12 February 2022. Revised 3 April 2022. Accepted 4 April 2022.
Informed consent: The patient’s informed consent to use the records for medical purposes is obtained.
Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.
Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.
Contribution of the authorsLiterature review: K.P. Moiseev, A.A. VlasovetsDrafting the article: N.V. Susanin, A.G. VanyurkinCritical revision of the article: N.V. SusaninSurgical treatment: M.A. Chernyavskiy, N.V. SusaninFinal approval of the version to be published: N.V. Susanin, M.A. Chernyavskiy, A.G. Vanyurkin, A.A. Vlasovets, K.P. Moiseev
Anthropo-morphometric patterns of design and proportionality of the aortic valve leaflets in light of reconstructive surgery
Authors: Odinokova S.N. , Komarov R.N. , Nikolenko V.N. , Severgina L.O. , Studennikova V.V. , Belkharoeva R.Kh.
Published: September 2022

Background. As long as the design of leaflets is crucial for aortic valve replacement, inaccurate reconstruction can result in failure or stenosis postoperatively.Aim. To analyze average parameters of normal valve leaflets and to assess the correlation between various parameters of a normal aortic valve and personal morphometrics. Methods. The morphometrics of the aortic root were assessed on 54 specimens of the adult heart without any valvular abnormality. We measured following parameters: circumference of the ventriculo-aortic junction and the sino-tubular junction; inter-commissural distance, length of free margin, length of cusp attachment, and height for right coronary, non-coronary, and left coronary aortic leaflets. Results. Based on the average values, the left coronary leaflet is distinguished by the smallest dimensions of the length of free margin and length of cusp attachment. The height of the left coronary leaflet is maximum as compared to the right coronary and non-coronary leaflets, but these differences are minimal (up to 0.2 mm), where the left coronary leaflet is the smallest. Statistically, no significant intergroup difference was found. For all valve sizes, p > 0.05 (inter-commissural distance p = 0.083, length of free margin p = 0.331, length of cusp attachment p = 0.056, height of leaflet p = 0.518). Significant correlations were found between all aortic valve leaflet sizes and the ventriculo-aortic junction and the sino-tubular junction. A weaker correlation was found between all leaflets sizes and the body height.Conclusion. The findings can be used to optimize the leaflet reconstruction and improve the aortic valve function.
Received 9 September 2020. Revised 10 September 2021. Accepted 29 June 2022.
Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.
Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.
Contribution of the authorsConception and study design: R.N. Komarov, V.N. Nikolenko, S.N. OdinokovaData collection and analysis: S.N. Odinokova, V.V. Studennikova, L.O. SeverginaStatistical analysis: S.N. OdinokovaDrafting the article: S.N. Odinokova, R.Kh. BelkharoevaCritical revision of the article: R.N. Komarov, V.N. NikolenkoFinal approval of the version to be published: S.N. Odinokova, R.N. Komarov, V.N. Nikolenko, L.O. Severgina, V.V. Studennikova, R.Kh. Belkharoeva
AI in Health Science: A Perspective
Authors: Mishra Raghav , Chaudhary Kajal , Mishra Isha
Published: September 2022

By helping practitioners understand complicated and varied types of data, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has influenced medical practice deeply. It is the use of a computer to mimic intelligent
behaviour. Many medical professions, particularly those reliant on imaging or surgery, are progressively developing AI. While AI cognitive component outperforms human intellect, it lacks awareness, emotions, intuition, and adaptability. With minimum human participation, AI is quickly growing in healthcare, and numerous AI applications have been created to address current issues. This
article explains AI, its various elements and how to utilize them in healthcare. It also offers practical
suggestions for developing an AI strategy to assist the digital healthcare transition.
Japanese Cedar Pollen Allergens in Japan
Authors: Ohashi-Doi Katsuyo , Utsumi Daichi , Mitobe Yuko , Fujinami Koji
Published: September 2022

Pollen from members of the Cupressaceae tree family is one of the most important causes of allergic disease in the world. Cryptomeria japonica (Japanese cedar) and Chamaecyparis obtusa (Japanese cypress) are the most common tree species in Japan. The pollen dispersal season is mainly from February to May. The major allergens of Japanese cedar and Japanese cypress exhibit high amino acid sequence similarity due to the phylogenetic relationship between the two species. An epidemiological study has shown that the prevalence of Japanese cedar pollinosis is approximately 40%. In fact, younger children (5 to 9 years old) showed high prevalence of Japanese cedar pollinosis as 30% in 2019, indicating that season pollinosis is getting worse. The most common treatment for pollinosis induced by Japanese cedar and Japanese cypress is pharmacotherapy. Patients’ satisfaction with pharmacotherapy is low due to insufficient experienced effect and daytime somnolence. Unlike pharmacotherapy, allergy immunotherapy (AIT) addresses the basic immunological mechanisms of allergic disease and activates protective allergen-reactive pathways of the immune system. AIT is now recognized as the only treatment option with the potential to provide long-term post-treatment benefit and alter the natural course of the allergic disease including Japanese cedar pollinosis.
TiO2-NPs Toxicity and Safety: An Update of the Findings Published over
the Last Six Years
Authors: Grande Fedora , Tucci Paola , Bevacqua Emilia , Occhiuzzi Maria Antonietta
Published: September 2022

:

Nanotechnology has greatly impacted our daily life and has certainly yielded many
promising benefits. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) are among those produced on a
large industrial scale that have found many practical applications in industry and daily life. Due to
their presence in products such as food, cosmetics, sunscreens, medications, paints or textiles,
contact with TiO2-NPs in our daily life is inevitable. The small size, together with the corresponding
large specific surface area, make nanoparticles able to penetrate through cellular barriers and
reach various parts of the body through different routes of exposure, including inhalation, injection,
dermal penetration, and gastrointestinal tract absorption. Furthermore, after long-term exposure,
the TiO2-NPs could accumulate in tissues leading to chronic diseases. This raises serious
doubts about their potentially harmful effects on human health.

:

In the past, TiO2-NPs have been considered inert, however, many in vitro studies have shown that
they were cyto- and genotoxic, leading to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and to
the activation of signaling pathways involved in inflammation and cell death. Several in vivo studies
have also demonstrated that TiO2-NPs, once in the bloodstream, could reach and accumulate in
important organs causing toxic effects. Very recently, the International Agency for Research on
Cancer (IARC) has classified these nanoparticles as possibly carcinogenic to humans.

:

In this survey, we summarize the latest advances in acknowledging the toxicity and safety of
TiO2-NPs. Since the literature is often controversial, further studies are still needed to define the
risk/benefit ratio of using these nanoparticles. Overall, the data herein reported are critical for assessing
human risk after exposure to TiO2-NPs.
Screening Active Phytochemicals of Some Ayurvedic Medicinal Plants to
Identify Potential Inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro by Computational
Investigation
Authors: Alagarsamy V. , Solomon V. Raja , Sulthana M. T. , Sundar P. Shyam , Aishwarya A. Dharshini , Narendhar B.
Published: September 2022

Background:

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 main protease (SARS-CoV-2
Mpro) is an important target for drug development amidst whole variants of coronaviruses, a vital protein
for the replication cycle of virus.

Objective:

The main aim of this study is to discover and recognize the most effective and promising molecules
against Mpro enzyme through molecular docking screening of 120 phytochemicals from six different
Ayurveda medicinal plants.

Methods:

The phytochemicals were downloaded from PubChem, and SARS-CoV-2 Mpro was taken from
the protein data bank. The molecular interactions, binding energy, and ADMET properties were analyzed.

Results:

Molecular docking analysis identified 10 phytochemicals, castalagin (-10.4 kcal/mol),
wedelolactone (-8.0 kcal/mol), arjungenin (-7.7 kcal/mol), betulin (-7.7 kcal/mol), galbacin (-7.6
kcal/mol), shinpterocarpin (-7.6 kcal/mol), liquirtin (-7.4 kcal/mol), cordioside (-7.3 kcal/mol), licopyranocoumarin
(-7.3 kcal/mol), and daucosterol (-7.1 kcal/mol) from different kinds of ayurvedic medicinal
plants’ phytochemicals possessing greater affinity against Mpro of SARS-CoV-2. Two molecules, namely
castalagin and wedelolactone, with low binding energies were the most promising. Furthermore, we carried
out MD simulations for the castalagin complexes based on the docking score.

Conclusion:

Molecular ADMET profile estimation showed the docked phytochemicals to be safe. The
present study suggested that active phytochemicals from medicinal plants could inhibit Mpro of SARSCoV-
2.
Chemistry of gem-Difluorovinyl Sulfonates
Authors: Zhang Cai
Published: September 2022

Among various emerging organofluorine molecules, gem-difluorovinyl sulfonates are attractive
building blocks and less used in organic reactions. This review article is concerned with recent
advances in organic reactions using gem-difluorovinyl sulfonates in recent years. We discussed the
reactions of gem-difluorovinyl sulfonates with aldehydes, amines, imines, amides, boronic acids, aryl
halides, etc. or addition, reduction, substitution and intramolecular 1,3-sulfonyl migration of gemdifluorovinyl
sulfonates in nine approaches. The synthetic strategies described in this review provided
diversely substituted fluorinated molecules.
Efficacy and Safety of MRI and CT Guided VX2 Hepatic Para-vascular
Tumor Model in Rabbits
Authors: Feng Xu , Das Sushant K. , Feng Gui-Ling , Liu Yan , Liu Ying , Li Bing , Du Yong
Published: September 2022

Objective:

To compare the efficacy and safety of 1.5 T MRI and CT guided VX2 hepatic para-vascular tumor model in rabbits.

Materials and Methods:

Sixty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly and equally divided into MRI-guided group (n=30) and CT-guided group (n=30). Rabbit VX2 tumor fragments were implanted beside the rabbit hepatic great vessels under MRI and CT-guidance in the MRI and CT group respective, to evaluate the success rate of tumor model establishment, puncture needle display and tip peripheral vascular situation, operation time and safety.

Results:

In MRI-guided group, 29 rabbits (29/30, 96.7%) had successful establishment of liver tumor model, 1 rabbit had needle metastasis. In CT-guided group, 24 rabbits (24/30, 80%) had successful establishment of liver tumor model while 2 rabbits had needle metastasis, 3 rabbits had metastases in other parts of the liver, and 1 had unknown cause of death. The differences in success rate of tumor model establishment between the two groups were statistically significant (χ2 = 4.043, P < 0.05). The fold number of artifacts at T1WI was 7.26±0.38 for the 20 G coaxial puncture needle in the MRI-guided group and 2.51±0.57 for the 20 G coaxial puncture needle in the CT-guided group, and the difference was statistically significant (t=36.76, P < 0.001), but star-shaped hypodense artifacts would appear around the needle tip. The operation time was longer in the MRI-guided group than in the CT-guided group (13.32±2.45 minutes in the MRI-guided group vs 8.42±1.46 minutes in the CT-guided group; t=9.252, P < 0.001). A small number of ascites occurred in 2 patients (2/30, 6.67%) in the CT-guided group; no serious complications such as liver abscess, jaundice or diaphragmatic perforation were observed in both groups.

Conclusion:

Compared with CT, MRI-guided hepatic para-vascular tumor implantation in rabbits might be a more effective modeling method. Although the needle tip pseudopacity of puncture needle is large and the operation time is long, the incidence of complications is low.
Polymeric Nanoparticles: Prospective on the Synthesis, Characterization
and Applications in Nose-to-Brain Drug Delivery
Authors: Kendre Prakash N. , Kayande Dhiraj R. , Jain Shirish P. , Malge Tejaswini G. , Zadpe Namrata N. , Prajapati Bhupendra G.
Published: September 2022

For the treatment of brain illnesses, there is growing interest in nose-to-brain drug administration.
Other, more traditional methods of crossing the blood–brain barrier (BBB) are ineffective.
As a result, the therapeutic concentration in the brain cannot be achieved, and the reaction is
inadequate. Intranasal medication delivery is one intriguing technique for avoiding first-pass metabolism
and bypassing the blood-brain barrier. It lowers medicine doses while reducing systemic
side effects. Compared to conventional drug delivery platforms, a nanoparticulate drug delivery
method allows for greater penetration via the nasal route. It is better to make the nanoparticles for
nose-to-brain administration when a good carrier (polymers) is used. This review focuses on the
many processes for creating polymeric nanoparticles, strategies and tactics for improving nose-tobrain
drug delivery efficiency, and nanoparticle characterization. The use of the nose-to-brain drug
delivery platform is being explored using a variety of nanoparticles created by researchers for the
treatment of brain illnesses.
Exosomes as Delivery Systems for Targeted Tumour Therapy: A Systematic
Review and Meta-analysis of In vitro Studies
Authors: Muhammad Suleiman Alhaji , Mohammed Jaafaru Sani , Rabiu Sulaiman
Published: September 2022

Background:

Delivery systems with low immunogenicity and toxicity are believed to
enhance the efficacy of specific targeted drug delivery to cancer cells. Exosomes are potential
natural nanosystems that can enhance the delivery of therapeutic agents for targeted cancer therapy.

Objective:

This study provides a precise effect size of exosomes as nanovesicles for in vitro delivery
of anticancer agents.

Method:

In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the efficacy of exosomes as nanocarriers for
the delivery of therapeutic molecules was investigated using the random-effects model. We did
comprehensive literature searches through CINAHL, Cochrane, PubMed, Scopus, and Science
Direct of in vitro studies that reported exosomes as delivery systems for cancer therapy.

Results:

After the screening of eligible articles, a total of 50 studies were enrolled for the metaanalysis.
The results showed that cancer cells treated with exosome-loaded anticancer agents for at
least 6 h significantly decreased cell viability and increased cytotoxicity with the standardized
mean difference (SMD) of -1.47 (-2.18, -0.76; (p<0.0001) and -1.66 (-2.71, -0.61; p<0.002). Exosomes
effectively delivered drugs and exogenous miRNAs, siRNAs, viruses, and enzymes to cancer
cells in vitro.

Conclusion:

This meta-analysis provides evidence of exosomes as efficient nanocarriers for the
delivery of anticancer drugs.
History of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology
Authors: El-Meligi Amin A.
Published: September 2022

The secret of nanomaterials is not the size of the particles, but it is in the applications of nanomaterials and the art of making. Nanotechnology is science, engineering, and technology conducted at the nanoscale, which is about 1 to 100 nanometers. It is an amazing field dealing with very small size particles; imagine that a meter of cloth has been cut into a billion pieces (1 meter =109 nm). Thousands of years ago, the monuments were fabricated and reflected the art and coloures of paints. The Egyptian monuments reflect the beauty and art of paints in the papyrus papers, for example, the ancient pigment known as Egyptian blue may have important new applications in nanotechnology. Lotus flowers were once considered sacred in Egypt and parts of Asia. Significant advances in nanotechnology are helping researchers analyze the type of pigments used to paint mummy portraits in ancient Egypt. Scientists at Boise State University led by a Materials Science and Engineering Professor Darryl Butt, have taken a sliver of wood smaller than a human hair and extracted five extraordinarily tiny fragments—about 20 nanometers wide—and two thin foils of purple paint from a Romano-Egyptian mummy portrait dating to between A.D. 170 and 180. There is a new challenge facing the world, especially in the field of nanotechnology. It was stated by James Canton (2001) that if Nanotechnology, the manipulation of matter at the atomic level, at maturity achieves even a fraction of its promise, it will force the reassessment of global markets and Economies and industries on a scale never experienced before in human history. Nanotechnology will be discussed from all aspects of economics such as wages, employment, purchasing, pricing, capital, exchange rates, currencies, markets, supply and demand. Nanotechnology may well drive economic prosperity or at the least be an enabling factor in shaping productivity and global competitiveness.
Effect of Nanostructure-Materials on Optical Properties of Some Rare Earth ions (Eu3+ ,Sm3+&Tb3+) Doped in Silica Matrix
Authors: Rai S.
Published: September 2022

Nanoparticles of CdS incorporated in Rare Earth doped silica xerogel (RE3+:SiO2) matrix have been prepared by sol-gel method to study its various aspect. The prepared materials have been characterized by physical and optical technique, such as XRD, SEM, TEM and Photoluminescence (PL). We can conclude from TEM that the particle size of the materials 8 nm and an average particle dimension of 5 nm. It is also found consistent with the theoretical calculation performed based on the Scherrer equation and effective mass approximation (EMA) model. The optical properties of these materials depend on various parameters such as dimension and surface characteristics, doping and interaction with the surrounding environment. Enhancements of Rare Earth (RE) ions luminescence have been observed with the presence of CdS NPs in RE3+:SiO2 matrix. A twenty time more intense dominating orange peaks (616 nm) from the characteristic peak of Eu3+ ions are observed for CdS/Eu3+:SiO2 matrix compared to the sample without CdS NPs. The efficient energy transfer (ET) from CdS NPs to RE ions is primarily responsible for this boost in the luminescence intensity. The emission intensity in PL spectra decreases with raise in the concentration of CdS NPs. With an increase in CdS NPs concentration in RE3+:SiO2 matrix, the emission intensity decreases possibly due to the increase in the concentration of “oxygen vacancy ”and “Si hanging” in the matrix of the silica xerogel. Thus, photoluminescence properties of the material are greatly influenced by site symmetry and hence the concentration of dopant ions.