bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL IPA FISIKA BERBASIS PBL PADA POKOK BAHASAN GERAK LURUS UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA
Authors: Lawut Sabina Yasriyani , Kurniawati Maris , Pratiwi Hestiningtyas Yuli
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan modul IPA Fisika berbasis PBL pada pokok bahasan Gerak Lurus yang dikembangkan dan keefektifan modul yang dikembangkan dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa. Metode yang diterapkan Research and Development. Uji coba produk dilakukan di salah satu SMP PGRI di  Kabupaten Malang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penilaian modul IPA terpadu berbasis PBL oleh ahli materi memperoleh rata-rata persentase 77,6%  dengan kriteria layak, ahli media memperoleh rata-rata persentase 93,33%. Pada uji coba skala kecil, modul yang dikembangkan mendapat rata-rata persentase skor 88% dengan respon sangat baik oleh siswa. Hasil uji coba skala besar menunjukkan bahwa modul yang dikembangkan dalam kegiatan pembelajaran mendapat rata-rata persentase skor 88,90%  dan guru memperoleh rata-rata persentase 93,12% dengan respon sangat baik oleh guru. Modul IPA Fisika berbasis Problem Based Learning efektif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa. Berdasarkan hasil analisis menunjukkan adanya peningkatan secara keseluruhan hasil tes kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa sesuai dengan indikator kemampuan berpikir kritis adalah sebagai berikut: (1) Memberikan penjelasan sederhana memperoleh peningkatan sebesar 0,661 dengan kriteria “sedang”, dimana nilai untuk kategori sedang yaitu 0,3<g<0,7. (2)Membangun keterampilan dasar memperoleh peningkatan sebesar 0,832 dengan kriteria “tinggi”, dimana nilai untuk kriteria “tinggi” g>0,7. (3) Menyimpulkan memperoleh peningkatan sebesar 0,941 dengan kriteria “tinggi”. (4) Memberikan penjelasan lanjut memperoleh peningkatan sebesar 0,834 dengan kriteria “tinggi”. (5) Mengatur strategi dan taktik memperoleh peningkatan sebesar 0,499 dengan kriteria “sedang”. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, skor total rata-rata untuk peningkatan hasil tes kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa adalah 0,7534 dengan kriteria “tinggi”, dimana nilai untuk kriteria “tinggi” yaitu g<0,7.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE TALKING STICK BERBANTUAN DADU DAN MICROSOFT POWERPOINT
Authors: Koten Maria Eustachia Stefani Kewa , Hariyani Sri , Suwanti Vivi
Published: March 2021

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe talking stick berbantuan dadu dan microsoft power point untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik kelas VIII B SMP PGRI 6 Malang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, tes, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Langkah-langkah pembelajaran meliputi: (1) Guru menjelaskan materi dan menampilkan contoh soal melalui power point, (2) Guru membagi peserta didik ke dalam 6 kelompok yang beranggotakan 5 orang dan dua kelompok lainnya beranggotakan 6 orang, (3) Guru menyiapkan tongkat, dadu dan nomor yang digunakan peserta didik, (4) Guru membagikan nomor kepada setiap peserta didik dalam kelompok, (5) Guru menjelaskan aturan model talking stick berbantuan dadu dan microsoft power point, (6) Guru memainkan musik, peserta didik mengoper tongkat, (7) Guru melempar dadu dan menampilkan soal di power point, (8) Peserta didik mengerjakan soal, (8) Guru memberikan penghargaan kepada kelompok yang memperoleh skor tertinggi, dan (9) Guru bersama peserta didik menyimpulkan materi yang dipelajari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan persentase ketuntasan hasil belajar peserta didik meningkat dari 56,25% pada Pra tindakan menjadi 65,62% pada siklus I dan 81,25% pada siklus II.
PENINGKATAN KEAKTIFAN DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA DENGAN PENERAPAN METODE TUTOR SEBAYA
Authors: Wali Gaspar Naju Kaduwu , Winarko Wignyo , Murniasih Tatik Retno
Published: March 2021

Permasalahan utama pada penelitian ini adalah rendahnya hasil belajar siswa kelas VIII G SMP Negeri 1 Wagir. Salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan rendahnya hasil belajar tersebut adalah siswa kurang aktif dalam pembelajaran matematika di kelas. Dengan demikian, penelitian bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keaktifan dan hasil belajar siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Wagir dengan menerapkan metode tutor sebaya. Penelitian ini terdiri dari empat tahap yaitu perencanaan (plan), pelaksanaan (action), pengumpulan data  (observe), dan refleksi (reflection). Prosedur pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar observasi, lembar keaktifan, tes dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan penerapan metode tutor sebaya dapat meningkatkan keaktifan dan hasil belajar siswa kelas VIII G SMP Negeri 1 Wagir. Peningkatan keaktifan dan hasil belajar siswa dilihat dari persentase yang diperoleh pada siklus I dan Siklus II dengan rincian sebagai berikut: (1) persentase keaktifan belajar siswa pada siklus I sebesar 71,67% sedangkan pada siklus II mengalami peningkatan menjadi 83,33% , dan (2) hasil belajar siswa pada siklus I sebesar 60,71% sedangkan pada siklus II mengalami peningkatan menjadi 78,57%. Saran bagi peneliti lain dapat menggunakan metode tutor sebaya untuk diterapkan dalam pembelajaran matematika dengan menggunakan materi yang berbeda.
PENERAPAN SIMPLE ADDITIVE WEIGHTING PADA PEMILIHAN CALON PESERTA OSN DI SMPN 1 AMPELGADING
Authors: Huzairi Huzairi Huzairi , Hari Lugis Purwanto
Published: March 2021

Abstrak. Proses seleksi penentuan calon peserta olimpiade sains nasional di SMPN 1 Ampelgading dengan rata-rata nilai masih kurang tepat, karena pada proses seleksi dengan rata-rata nilai tertinggi tidak ada nilai yang di prioritaskan sebagai nilai penentu. Seharusnya dari beberapa nilai yang dijadikan kriteria penilaian terdapat perberdaan bobot kriteria. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut maka perlu dirancang sebuah sistem yang melibatkan suatu metode sehingga menghasilkan sebuah keputusan yang sesuai untuk penyeleksian data. Pada penelitian ini digunakan metode SAW (Simple Additive Weighting) dalam pengambilan keputusan. Metode SAW merupakan metode dengan penjumlahan terbobot. Metode ini dipilih karena mampu menyeleksi alternatif terbaik dari sejumlah alternatif berdasarkan kriteria pembobotan yang telah ditentukan. Setelah dilakukan pengujian dan analisis dengan perhitungan secara manual dapat diketahui bahwa hasil dari perhitungan sistem sama dengan perhitungan manual, sehingga sistem ini dapat digunakan untuk pemilihan calon peserta olimpiade sains di SMPN 1 Ampelgading.
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PEMILIHAN JURUSAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE MULTIFACTOR EVALUATION PROCESS DI SMK MUHAMMADIYAH 7 GONDANGLEGI KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Al Fatih Muhammad Ramadhani , Rini Agustina
Published: March 2021

Manusia akan selalu bertemu dengan masalah dalam pengambilan atau pemilihan sebuah keputusan. Pemilihan jurusan di Sekolah Menegah Kejuruhan (SMK) salah satu permasalahan pengambilan atau pemilihan keputusan yang dihadapi oleh siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) yang hendak memasuki jenjang diatasnya. SMK Muhammadiyah 7 Gondanglegi Kabupaten Malang merupakan salah satu sekolah yang masih menerapkan sistem manual dalam pemilihan jurusan yang tersedia disekolah tersebut.Berdasarkan atas permasalahan diatas, Dibuatlah sebuah Sistem Pendukung Keputusan (SPK) yang dapat membantu memilih jurusan dengan menggunakan metode Multifactor Evaluation Process (MFEP). Dan dari hasil User Acceptance Test (UAT) terhadap sistem ini menghasilkan tingkat kepuasan siswa sebesar 80,8 %.
PBL DENGAN PENDEKATAN MULTIPLE REPRESENTATION TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DITINJAU DARI KEMAMPUAN KOLABORASI
Authors: Wela Godevila Sriyati , Sundaygara Chandra , Yuli Pratiwi Hestiningtyas
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh problem based learning dengan pendekatan multiple representation terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis ditunjau dari kemampuan kolaborasi. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan quasi eksperiment dengan rancangan posttest only group design. Tekning pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan instrumen penelitian adalah lembar observasi dan soal tes. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII dan sampel terdiri dari 28 siswa kelas VIIID sebagai kelas eksperimen dan 29 siswa kelas VIIIB sebagai kelas kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukan (i) terdapat perbedaan kemampuan berpikir kritis antara siswa yang diajar menggunakan model PBL dengan pendekatan multiple representation dan yang diajar dengan model PBL, ini dilihat dari nilai hasil perhitungan uji anova dua jalur yaitu sig 0,000 < 0,05. (ii) Terdapat perbedaan kemampuan berpikir kritis antara siswa yang bekemampuan kolaborasi tinggi dengan yang berkemampuan kolaborasi rendah, hal ini terlihat dari nilai sig. 0,000 < 0,05. (iii) Terdapat pengaruh interaksi antara model PBL dengan pendekatan multiple representation dan kemampuan kolaborasi terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis, ini dilihat dari nilai sig. 0,044 < 0,05. Sehingga disimpulkan bahwa model PBL dengan pendekatan multiple representation berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis ditinjau dari kemampuan kolaborasi.
Microscale dynamics between dust and microorganisms in alpine snowpack
Authors: Thurston Alison , Courville Zoe , Farnsworth Lauren , Lieblappen Ross , Rosten Shelby , Fegyveresi John , Doherty Stacy , Jones Robert , Barbato Robyn
Published: March 2021

Dust particles carry microbial and chemical signatures from source regions to deposition regions. Dust and its occupying microorganisms are incorporated into, and can alter, snowpack physical properties including snow structure and resultant radiative and mechanical properties that in turn affect larger-scale properties, including surrounding hydrology and maneuverability. Microorganisms attached to deposited dust maintain genetic evidence of source substrates and can be potentially used as bio-sensors. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of dust-associated microbial deposition on snowpack and microstructure. As part of this effort, we characterized the microbial communities deposited through dust transport, examined dust provenance, and identified the microscale location and fate of dust within a changing snow matrix. We found dust characteristics varied with deposition event and that dust particles were generally embedded in the snow grains, with a small fraction of the dust particles residing on the exterior of the snow matrix. Dust deposition appears to retard expected late season snow grain growth. Both bacteria and fungi were identified in the collected snow samples.
Culturing of human pluripotent stem cells in a mesoderm biased state
Authors: Stavish Dylan , Price Christopher
Published: March 2021

Here we present a new culturing system, PRIMO Plus, to generate mesoderm biased human pluripotent stem cells by cross antagonism of pro-differentiation and pro-pluripotency factors in a fully defined medium.
Named Entity Recognition Model of Chinese Clinical Electronic Medical Record Based on XLNet-BiLSTM
Authors: Feng Shen Zhou , Min Su Qian , Lei Guo Jing
Published: March 2021

The recognition of named entities in Chinese clinical electronic medical records is one of the basic tasks to realize smart medical care. Aiming at the insufficient text semantic representation of the traditional word vector model and the inability of the recurrent neural network (RNN) model to solve the problems of long-term dependence, a Chinese clinical electronic medical record named entity recognition model XLNet-BiLSTM-MHA-CRF based on XLNet is proposed. Use the XLNet pre-training language model as the embedding layer to vectorize the medical record text to solve the problem of ambiguity; use the bidirectional long and short-term memory network (BiLSTM) gate control unit to obtain the forward and backward semantic feature information of the sentence; Then input the feature sequence to the multi-head attention layer (multi-head attention, MHA), use MHA to obtain information represented by different subspaces of the feature sequence, enhance the relevance of context semantics and eliminate noise; finally, input the conditional random field CRF to identify the global maximum 优 sequence. The experimental results show that the XLNet-BiLSTM-Attention-CRF model has achieved good results on the CCKS-2017 named entity recognition data set.
Effect of high nitrate vegetable juice supplementation on plasma nitrate and blood pressure in healthy adults: a pilot randomized crossover intervention in healthy volunteers
Authors: Elsahoryi Nour , Cardwell Christopher , Gilchrist Sarah , Woodside Jayne
Published: March 2021

Background: Beetroot juice has been demonstrated to decrease blood pressure due to the high inorganic nitrate content, but few studies have tested the effect of other high nitrate vegetable juices on blood pressure. Methods: This pilot randomized crossover trial aimed to investigate the effect of two different high nitrate vegetable juices on plasma nitrate concentrations and blood pressure in healthy adults. Eighteen healthy volunteers were randomized to receive 115 ml of beetroot juice or 250 ml of green leafy vegetable juice for seven days. Blood samples were collected, and clinic blood pressure measured at baseline and at the end of each juice consumption. Daily home blood pressure assessment was conducted two hours after juice consumption. Nitrate and nitrite concentrations were analysed using a commercially available kit on a Triturus automated ELISA analyser. Hills and Armitage analysis was used for the two- period crossover design and paired sample t- tests were performed to compare within-group changes. Results: Plasma nitrate and nitrite concentration significantly increased and there was significant reduction in clinic and home SBP mean during the beetroot juice period (P-values 0.004 and 0.002, respectively). Home DBP reduced significantly during green leafy vegetable juice consumption week (P-value 0.03). The difference between groups did not reach statistical significance during the formal crossover analysis adjusted for period effects. Conclusion: Beetroot juice and green leafy vegetable juice may reduce systolic or diastolic blood pressure but there was no statistically significant difference between the two juices, although this was only a pilot study.
Programmable terahertz metamaterials with non-volatile memory
Authors: Chen Benwen , Wu Jingbo , Li Weili , Zhang Caihong , Xue Qiang , Chi Yaojia , Wen Qiye , Jin Biaobing , Chen Jian , Wu P. H.
Published: March 2021

Spatial light modulators (SLMs) exhibited the powerful capability of controlling the electromagnetic wave. They have found numerous applications at terahertz (THz) frequencies, including wireless communication, digital holography, and compressive imaging. However, the development towards large-scale, multi-level and multi-functional THz SLM encounters technical challenges. Here, we present an electrically programmable THz metamaterial consisting of an array of 8⊆8 pixels, in which the phase change material of vanadium dioxide (VO2) is embedded. After successfully suppressing the crosstalk from adjacent pixels, the THz wave could be modulated in a programmable manner. The switching speed of each pixel was on the order of 1 kHz. In particular, utilising the hysteresis effect of VO2, the memory effect is demonstrated. The THz amplitude of each pixel can be written and erased by individual current pulses. Furthermore, multi-state THz images could be generated and stored, with a retention time of more than 5 hours. This programmable metamaterial with memory effect can be extended to other frequency bands and opens a route for electromagnetic information processing.
“Influence of Body Composition Assessed by Computed Tomography on Mortality in Older Adults Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation”
Authors: Koch Ludmila , Pereira Andrea Z , Hamerschlak Nelson , Castro Adham do Amaral e , Tachibana Adriano , Victor Elivane da Silva , Filho Reynaldo Jesus Garcia
Published: March 2021

Aim: The incidence of most hematologic malignancies increases with age. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) provides a potentially life-prolonging or curative option for many patients in this scenario. Limited data is available on muscle mass and density assessed from CT-images on outcomes after HSCT. We aimed to evaluate the influence of body composition on morbidity and mortality in older adults undergoing (HSCT). Methods: Retrospective longitudinal study conducted with 50 patients ≥ 60 years undergoing HSCT at Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo. Body composition was assessed by chest computed tomography and treatment related mortality, graft versus host disease, neutrophil grafting, and overall survival were analyzed.Results: 148 HSCT patients were evaluated, 50 patients were eligible: 60% with autologous and 40% with allogeneic transplantation. Body mass index in patients was (female: 26.9 ± 4.7 kg/m2; 30.1± 4.9 kg/m2) - autologous and (female: 24.3 ± 5.15 kg/m2; male: 26.4 ± 2.0 kg/m2) - allogeneic. In autologous transplant group, we found a positive association between age and death risk with an increase of 63.5% in this risk (p=0.006) and also Karnofsky performance scale with decrease of 11.9% in death risk (p<0.001). A negative association between muscle radiodensity and death risk was observed in allogeneic transplantation patients with risk decrease of 20.1% (p = 0.032). We found a positive association between T4 muscle area and radiodensity with risk of acute graft versus host disease (p= 0.028). Conclusion: In population studied, body composition assessed by chest tomography showed the importance of radiodensity for better prognosis.
The Perceived Social Support by Iranian Women with Breast Cancer: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Mokhtari Leila , Markani Abdollah Khorami , Khalkhali Hamid Reza , Feizi Aram
Published: March 2021

Background: Social support has an importnat role in improving health outcomes and is considered as one of the crucial aspects of the modern care in cancer patients. Therefore this article aims at discovering and describing the dimensions of social support based on the lived experience of women suffering from breast cancer.Methods: In this qualitative study, 22 women with breast cancer were selected through purposive sampling from 7 hospitals affiliated to Urmia University of Medical Sciences. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and were analyzed by the Conventional Qualitative Content Analysis and Graneheim’s and Lundman’s (2004) approach, using MAXQDA software, version 10.Results: After completion of the analyzing process, 6 categories were appeared including “creating an empathic atmosphere by family and community”, “creating a safe communication network for the patient”, “adaption to disease”, “giving meaning to life”, “the feeling of satisfaction with the healthcare providers for fulfilling their role”, and “accepting the support and help of family and friends in fighting the disease”. Conclusion: According to the findings, good social support during the illness can result in the spiritual, mental, and physical well-being of the patients and is one of the most effective factors in fighting the disease and feeling of recovery. The findings of this study can be used to develop plans to help the patients to achieve more support from the family, healthcare providers and the community and even providing the required supportive care for this group of women.
Grass and Plastic Film Mulching Pattern Improve Soil Organic Carbon Pool, Physical Properties, Fertility and Fruit Quality of Ponkan Orchards
Authors: Dong Zhihao , Xue Zhao-Yu , Chen Qin , Srivas Anoop Kumar , Riaz Muhammad , Liu Xiao-Dong , Cui Heng , Tan Qi-Ling , Sun Xue-Cheng , Wu Song-Wei , Hu Cheng-Xiao
Published: March 2021

Aims: Special fertilizer and soil mulching have been used to improve crop yield worldwide. However, the effects of special fertilizer with mulching on soil characteristics of citrus orchards were not yet fully understood. This study aimed at assessing the effects of different mulch patterns including plastic mulching and grass mulching on improving fruit quality of Ponkan and providing a new insight of mulching development in citrus orchards.Methods: In this study, a two-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of citrus special fertilizer (FR), grass mulching (RGM), and plastic mulching (RPM) on fruit quality, soil organic carbon fractions, physicochemical properties, and plant nutrition in Ponkan citrus orchard.Results: The study resulted showed that special fertilizer treatment and grass mulching treatment increased Total soluble solid contents by 6.76% and 3.97%, while plastic mulching decreased Titratable acid contents by 19.44%, resulting in increases of fruit TSS: TA by 6.14%, 3.61%, and 22.76%, respectively. Correlation analyses showed that citrus fruit quality was associated with soil bulk density, Total porosity, Capillary porosit, Aeration porosity, Total organic carbon, Readily oxidized organic carbon, Microbial biomass carbon and Soil available phosphorus. Soil physical properties were improved by RPM, but FR and RGM had better effects on soil nutrients and organic carbon, as evidenced by the results of principal component analysis and loading matrix plot. Conclusions: This study suggested that the different effects of special fertilizer, plastic mulching, and grass mulching on improving fruit quality were associated with their diverse effects on improving soil characteristics.
Methacrylic Functionalized Hybrid Carbon Nanomaterial for the Selective Adsorption and Detection of Progesterone in Wastewater
Authors: Cui Xia , Shu Hua , Wang Lu , Chen Guoning , Han Jili , Hu Qianqian , Bashir Kamran , Luo Zhimin , Chang Chun , Zhang Jia , Fu Qiang
Published: March 2021

Progesterone, an endocrine-disrupting chemical, has been frequently detected in wastewater for decades, posing a serious threat to ecological and human health. However, it is still a challenge to achieve the effective detection of progesterone in complex matrices water samples. In this study, a novel adsorbent CNT@CS/P(MAA) was prepared by grafting methacrylic polymers on the surface of modified carbon nanomaterials. Compared with other reported materials, the hybrid carbon nanomaterial could selectively identify the progesterone in the complex industrial pharmaceutical wastewater, and its adsorption performance is almost independent of pH and environmental temperature. In addition, this nanomaterial could be reused with a good recovery rate. The prepared nanomaterials were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diﬀraction, nitrogen adsorption and desorption experiments and thermo gravimetric analysis. The results confirmed that the methacrylic polymers and chitosan layer were successfully grafted on the surface of carbon nanotubes. Adsorption isotherms, adsorption kinetics, and selectivity tests showed that CNT@CS/P(MAA) had a high adsorption capacity (44.45 mg·g-1), a fast adsorption rate and a satisfied selectivity for progesterone. Then, CNT@CS/P(MAA) was used as solid phase extraction sorbent and combined with HPLC to enrich progesterone from the wastewater samples. Under the optimum conditions, a good linearity was obtained with the correlation coefficient was 0.9998, and the limit of detection was 0.003 ng·mL-1. Therefore, this method could be used for the selective and effective detection of progesterone in the industrial wastewater with complex substrates, and provided a new method for the detection of progesterone in other environmental waters.
Predicting species distributions and community composition using satellite remote sensing predictors
Authors: Pinto-Ledezma Jesús N. , Cavender-Bares Jeannine
Published: March 2021

Biodiversity is rapidly changing due to changes in the climate and human related activities; thus, the accurate predictions of species composition and diversity are critical to developing conservation actions and management strategies. In this paper, using oak assemblages distributed across the continental United States obtained from the National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON), we assessed the performance of stacked species distribution models (S-SDMs), constructed using satellite remote sensing as covariates and under a Bayesian framework, in order to build the next-generation of biodiversity models. This study represents an attempt to evaluate the integrated predictions of biodiversity models—including assemblage diversity and composition—obtained by stacking next-generation SDMs. We found three main results. First, environmental predictors derived entirely from satellite remote sensing represent adequate covariates for biodiversity modeling. Second, applying constraints to assemblage predictions, such as imposing the probability ranking rule, not necessarily results in more accurate species diversity predictions. Third, independent of the stacking procedure (bS-SDM versus pS-SDM versus cS-SDM), this kind of biodiversity models do not accurately recover the observed species composition at plot level or ecological scales (NEON plots), however, they do return reasonable predictions at macroecological scales, i.e., mid to high correct assignment of species identities at the scale of NEON sites. Our results provide insights for the prediction of assemblage diversity and composition at different spatial scales. An important task for future studies is to evaluate the reliability of combining S-SDMs with direct detection of species using image spectroscopy to build a new generation of biodiversity models to accurately predict and monitor ecological assemblages through time and space.
Estimating Land Expectation Value of Smallholder Farmers’ Eucalyptus Woodlot Products in Wogera District, Northern Ethiopia
Authors: deresse yordanos sete , Assefa Getahun Abreham
Published: March 2021

Background: The area of Eucalyptus plantations has expanded greatly and the species dominates many rural and urban landscapes as it suits the limited resources of smallholder farmers, yields higher income than other tree crops and increasing demand for woodlot products. The study conducted in Wogera District within three purposively selected kebele administrations. Smallholder farmers at the study area are converting their crop land to Eucalyptus plantation. Therefore there should need to deal the pushing factors for the allocation of Eucalyptus. This study aims at identifying the factors influencing decision of land allocation for eucalyptus woodlot production, and estimating the land expectation value. Method: Cross sectional data was collected through semi-structured interview schedule. Data analysis employed descriptive statistics and Faustman formula. Results: The results of the household survey revealed that land degradation and neighbor influence are the main factors for smallholders’ land allocation decision for Eucalyptus plantation. Therefore, as per the results, most of the crop land has been converted to Eucalyptus plantation. However, this a rapid land conversion issue made a threat on most farmers in related to losing of indigenous crops so as it leads them to be food insecured. Conclusion: Farmers in the study area are rational in their land allocation for production of either annual or perennial crops including Eucalyptus woodlots. Finally the study recommends government intervention in the separate land management issue is mandatory to make balance in production of both Eucalyptus and crops.
Embodied Carbon Emissions of Aluminum-Containing Commodities in International Trade: China's Perspective
Authors: Li Qiangfeng , Duan Huabo , Li Tianjiao , Zhou Yanjing , Chen Ying , Zhong Ruoyu
Published: March 2021

In recent years, global climate change has become an increasingly serious problem. Developing countries have assumed excessive responsibilities for carbon emissions under the principle of producer responsibility. A system that considers material flows to establish the responsibility for carbon emissions more accurately and fairly was proposed. In this study, the embodied carbon emissions (ECEs) of aluminum-containing commodities (ACC) in China’s international trade from 2008 to 2017 were analyzed via material flow analysis. The carbon emission coefficients of China’s imported and exported ACC were calculated and discussed. The main conclusions were as follows: (1)The annual imported and exported aluminum in ACC showed a fluctuating growth from 2008 to 2017. Overall, China imported a large amount of alumina and exports a large amount of aluminum-containing end products (ACEP) and semi-products (SP). (2) The imported and exported ECEs of ACC were mainly due to ACEP, which account for 57% and 68% of the imported and exported ECEs of ACC, respectively. (3) The ECEs of ACEP in international trade were mainly associated with vehicles, manufacturing equipment, and aircraft. (4) The share of exported and net exported ACC’s ECEs in domestic carbon emissions (calculated using the principle of producer responsibility) also increased from 1.3 and 0.9% to 2.8 and 1.7%. In addition, a more accurate share of international carbon emission responsibility was discussed, and policy recommendations to reduce carbon emissions and actively respond to global climate change were provided.
Selection of an engineering institution: Students’ perceptions on choice characteristics and suitability under Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Mahajan Prashant , Patil Vaishali
Published: March 2021

Background: COVID-19 has impacted Indian engineering institutions (EIs) enormously. It has tightened its knot around EIs that forced their previous half-shut shades completely down to prevent the risk of spreading COVID-19. In such a situation, fetching new enrollments on EI campuses is a difficult and challenging task, as students’ behavior and family preferences have changed drastically due to mental stress and emotions attached to them. Historically, during crisis situations, institutions have struggled to return to the normal track. Consequently, it becomes a prerequisite to examine the choice characteristics influencing the selection of EI during the COVID-19 pandemic to make it ‘normal’ for ‘new’ enrollments.The purpose of this study is to critically examine choice characteristics that affect students’ choice for EI and consequently to explore relationships between institutions’ characteristics and the suitability of EI during the COVID-19 pandemic across students’ characteristics. Quantitative research, conducted through a self-reported survey composed of a closed-ended structured questionnaire, was purposefully incorporated into the students who recently were enrolled in EIs (batch years 2020-2021) belonging to the North Maharashtra region of India.Results:The findings of this study revealed dissimilarities across students’ characteristics regarding the suitability of EIs under pandemic conditions. Regression analysis revealed that EI characteristics such as proximity, image and reputation, quality education and curriculum delivery have significantly contributed to suitability under COVID-19. At the micro level, multiple relationships were noted between EI characteristics and the suitability of EI under the pandemic across students’ characteristics.Conclusion:Bringing ‘normality’ to ‘new’ enrollments totally depends on EI’s resilience in meeting the needs of diversity in the COVID-19 pandemic situation, which repositions themselves to govern student-centric strategies instituted for the overall suitability of EI under pandemic conditions. The study has successfully demonstrated how choice characteristics can be executed to regulate the ‘suitability’ of EI under the COVID-19 pandemic for the inclusion of diversity. It is useful for policy makers and academicians to reposition EIs that fetch diversity during the pandemic. This study is the first to provide insights into the performance of choice characteristics and their relationship with the suitability of EIs under a pandemic and can be a yardstick in administering new enrollments.
Prediction of Resistant to Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) Treatment in Patients with Kawasaki Disease in the Tertiary Care Hospital.
Authors: Charoonrochana Sarinrath , Klaiklueng Kittipol , Somanundana Rattawanlop
Published: March 2021

Background: Kawasaki disease (KD)is an acute autoimmune systemic vasculitis disease that mainly occurs in infancy and younger children. It has the potential to cause coronary artery lesions (CALs) develop in up to 20-25% of patients with untreated KD caused morbidity and mortality in children worldwide especially in Asia. Objective: To determine the predictive factors of IVIG resistant Kawasaki disease in Thailand Method: A retrospective descriptive study. Patient charts of all patients who had newly diagnosed of KD in Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital, Thailand between January 2010 and December 2020 were reviewed. The protocol was approved by the ethic review committee. Results: A total of 102 subjects met the inclusion criteria and were enrolled into the study, including 17 cases of IVIG resistant (17/97, 28.5%) and 80 cases of IVIG responder (80/97, 71.4%).Demographic and laboratory characteristics were obtained. Male gender has greater in number in IVIG resistant group. Average age is 27 months and IVIG resistant tends to have age below 6 months old. Two variables were significantly lower in IVIG-resistant group than IVIG-responder group, including serum albumin (3.01±0.51vs 3.48±0.49 g/dL, p-value = 0 . 01) and serum sodium (133.24±3.43 vs 135.79±3.19 mEq/L, p-value = 0.01) meanwhile age at time of diagnosis less than 6 months (29.4% vs 8.75%, p-value = 0.02) and serum ALT (78.29±74.19 versus 71.01±80.19 IU/L, p-value = 0.02) were significantly higher in IVIG-resistant group than IVIG-responder group. Conclusion: The predictive factors of our study by univariate analysis included age below 6 months, serum albumin <3.5g/dL, serum sodium <135mmol / L and high serum ALT≥45 IU/L. The principal findings in our predictive model is the scoring system for predicting IVIG-resistant patients in Thai population, the scoring system includes total peripheral WBC count >18,000 mm 3 . (1 point), serum albumin < 3.5 g/dl (1 point) and serum ALT ≥ 45 IU/L (1.5 points), and a total score equal 2 points and higher yielded a sensitivity and a specificity of 82.35% and 62.50%, respectively for IVIG resistance prediction, who require more close monitoring which may help physicians make more rational decisions regarding an initial treatment of KD and be the candidates for additional therapies. Our study is similar to previous studies in Japan, a risk scoring system prior to administrate IVIG.
The Impacts of Social Media Usage on Health Professionals’ Healthcare Services
Authors: Workie Melaku Bayu , Yemer Destaw Bayable , Desta Minwuyelet Andualem , Berhanu Meslo Sema , Wondim Getachew Degie , Feleke Kibru Engida
Published: March 2021

Background: The use of social media is mounting as the number of social media outlets, platforms and applications available continue to upsurge. Health professionals are welcome to use social media in their personal lives, and share workplace experiences despite its risk as it offers instantaneous posting opportunities. The aim of this study was to assess social media usage and its impacts on health professionals’ healthcare services at Debre Tabor Referral Hospital in Ethiopia. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used to conduct the study at Debre Tabor Referral Hospital in Ethiopia from November 2020 to January 2021. An open online-based questionnaire was used to gather the necessary data for the study. It was distributed among three-hundred-fifty-eight health professionals who were opted through comprehensive sampling. Hence, descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages were employed to analyze the data. Results: Almost all (97.5%) health professionals were aware and willing to use social media networks. 63.4% of the respondents agreed on the positive uses of social media for professional development via medication clarification, updates from medical conferences and socializing with colleagues. However, only 15.1 % of the participants strongly agreed that using social media networks negatively affected healthcare services by hatred the quality of health information. Conclusion: The finding of this study disclosed that the participants were aware and willing to use social media networks for their professional purposes. The study also found that social media can be used as a source of reference. It is a good tool for professional development and disseminate healthcare news. Nonetheless, using social media networks negatively affected health professionals’ healthcare services by venomous the quality of health information, damaging their image and professional honor.
“Resiliency Engagement and Care in Health (REaCH); a Telephone Befriending Intervention for Up Skilled Rural Youth in the Context of COVID-19 Pandemic: Study Protocol for a Multi-centre Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial”.
Authors: Saju M D , ALLAGH Komal Preet , Benny Anuja Maria , Scaria Lorane , Cheguvera Natania , P Sunirose I
Published: March 2021

BackgroundThe lockdown associated with the COVID-19 pandemic is likely to impact the mental health of people, especially those who are from economically backward and vulnerable sections of society. Mental health can be affected from various reasons including fear of disease transmission, from response measures like social distancing and lockdown, fear of being in quarantine, loneliness, depression due to isolation, fear of losing work and livelihood and avoiding health care due to fear of being infected. Telephonic befriending intervention by non-specialists will be used to provide social and emotional support to the youth from the Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana (DDUGKY), an initiative of Government of India. This study aims to promote mental wellbeing and reduce depressive symptoms by assisting participants to mobilize social support from family, friends and significant others by using the telephonic befriending intervention. MethodsIn this article, we report the design and protocol of a multi-centre cluster randomised controlled trial. In total, 1440 participants aged 18-35 years, who have recently passed out of the DDU-GKY initiative will be recruited in the study, from 12 project implementing agencies across 6 geographical zones of India. Participants from 6 of these agencies will be assigned into the telephonic befriending intervention arm and the other 6 agency participants will be assigned to the general enquiry phone call arm (control). The primary outcomes of this study are mental wellbeing, depressive symptoms and perceived social support. Baseline assessments and follow-up assessments will be carried out 1 month following the intervention using WHO-5, PHQ and MSPSS-12 questionnaires. The befriending intervention will be provided by DDU-GKY staff who will be trained by a virtual training program. DiscussionThe results of this trial will help assess whether participants who are offered emotional, social and practical support through befriending, will experience lesser symptoms of depression and better mental health compared to participants who do not receive this intervention. And whether participants who receive the intervention will perceive better social support. Trial registrationThis intervention trial This intervention trial is registered under Clinical Trial Registry India (ICMR-NIMS) on 27th July 2020; registration number: CTRICTRI/2020/07/026834
Pedagogía, educación y ciencias sociales
Authors: Hincapié García Alexánder , Cardona Estrada John Jairo , Scarpetta Ortiz Diego Andrés , Pérez Ramírez Fabián Alonso , Gómez Montoya Víctor Daniel , Cardona Montoya Delio Antonio , Pajoy Córdoba Milton Harold , Cossio Sepúlveda Diego León , Ríos Osorio Elkin Alonso , Echavarría Cañas John Jairo , Mejía Balbín John Fernando , Moreno Pérez Mariana , Martínez Hincapié Juan David , Arias Vanegas Beatriz Elena , Moreno Carmona Norman Darío
Published: March 2021

La educación debe orientarse por una ética que responda a dos cuestiones. En primer lugar, a su sentido, que no es otro que el de reconocer la fragilidad de nuestras barreras civilizatorias; por lo mismo, nunca puede darse por concluida la lucha contra la barbarie y la injusticia. Y, en segundo lugar, la educación debe preguntarse por la naturaleza del conocimiento y sus modos de transmisión, así como por quiénes son los que sufren: “Si para el científico el hombre es quien piensa, para el sabio lo es el que sufre” (Mate, 2003, p. 92). No deja de ser llamativo que, entre tanta proliferación de discursos pedagógicos y educativos, entre tantos esfuerzos por ordenar tradiciones y culturas dentro de un campo más imaginario que real, la pregunta por lo que hicieron la pedagogía y la educación colombianas mientras millones de compatriotas eran asesinados y desplazados no se eleve con suficiente fuerza y decisión. En su conocido ensayo La ciencia de la educación en Alemania, Lenzen (1996) planteó que tenía en mente una pedagogía que se hiciera cargo de los efectos de la educación; esto surgió a partir de interrogar cómo fue posible Auschwitz. De manera similar, valdría la pena preguntarse qué pedagogía podemos tener en mente una vez nos reconocemos hijos de nuestro tiempo, atravesados por una historia que no cesa de repetirse y de interrogar el porqué de tanto sufrimiento. La pedagogía y la educación deberían poder decir algo, máxime que la única formación verdadera a la que hoy puede aspirarse es aquella que conduce a un vínculo vívido con el mundo, esto es, la realización de la comunidad por venir.
Introducción al análisis de supervivencia avanzada
Authors: Salazar Uribe Juan Carlos , García Cruz Ehidy Karime , Gaviria Peña Carlos , Guarín Escudero Verónica
Published: March 2021

Este libro presenta una introducción al análisis de supervivencia avanzada y se recomienda como material de apoyo para los cursos de posgrado que se relacionen con estadística (como prerequisito se recomienda un curso de probabilidad y de procesos estocásticos, sin embargo, el texto incluye un repaso de algunos conceptos que se necesitan para el desarrollo de su contenido y que pretenden nivelar al lector a fin de que se familiarice con algunos conceptos necesarios para comprender el análisis de datos de supervivencia). Con este material se pretende discutir y exhibir la fusión entre el análisis clásico de supervivencia y los procesos estocásticos que representa un avance muy importante en el área y hacen más flexible el manejo de los estimadores de las funciones de supervivencia y de las funciones de riesgo o hazard acumulado, a la vez que permite estudiar sus propiedades de una manera intuitiva, exhaustiva y apropiada.
MÉTODO ANALÍTICO PARA DETERMINAÇÃO DOS CORANTES AURAMINA EM TESTES DE ECOTOXICIDADE E EM ÁGUAS SUPERFICIAIS
Authors: Azevedo Carina , Kasahara Marcia , Montagner Cassiana
Published: March 2021

ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF AURAMINE DYES IN ECOTOXICITY TESTS AND IN SURFACE WATERS. Dyes can be considered important environmental contaminants. Auramine dyes, known commercially as Solvent Yellow 34 and Basic Yellow 2, are used in several industrial products, including textile and paper. In this study, an analytical method was developed and validated using Liquid-Liquid Extraction and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to Diode Array Detector (LLE and HPLC-DAD) to determine the exposure concentrations in the ecotoxicological tests with auramine dyes, increasing the results reliability about the hazard of these compounds. The method was also used to monitor auramine dyes in surface water samples, in a region considered one of the most critical regions for dyes contamination in Brazil. The results showed no risk for the aquatic organisms considering the analyzed samples. The method using simple instrumentation showed the results of selectivity, linearity (R2 > 0.99), precision (CV: 5.6-29%) and accuracy (recovery: 82-90%) considered satisfactory for the two purposes with Instrumental LOQ of the 12 µg L-1 and the Method LOQ of the 12 ng L-1. The results indicated that the proposed method was effective and practical for the auramine determination in environmental levels and will be an important tool to verify the potential risk of auramine dyes in future studies.
COMPOSTOSORGANOMETÁLICOS DEESTANHO(II) –ESTANILAS DEALGUNSMETAIS REPRESENTATIVOS
Authors: Lima Geraldo
Published: March 2021

ORGANOMETALLICCOMPOUNDSOFTIN(II) –SOMEMAINGROUPMETALSTANNYLS.This paper aimsto summarise some chemical information aboutselected main group metalstannyl compounds. The number of these compoundsin the literature are much fewer than those with transition metal cations. Most papersreport details ofstannyls containing Li(I), Na(I) and K(I),such assynthetic routes, spectroscopic results and their molecular structures. This review comprises not only information of stannyls containing these cations, but also some alkaline-earth species containingMg(II),Ca(II),Sr(II),Ba(II), aswell asSn(II).In some compounds,the alkaline or alkaline earth cation is connected to the stannylfragmentthrough aSn –Mbond, evidenced byX-ray crystallographic data or by solutionorsolid-state 119SnNMRexperiments.The introduction part ofthe papersummarizesthe chemical aspects ofthese compounds and their importance in the organometallic chemistry ofSn(II) as a research area.The second part ofthisreviewis dedicated to a broad discussion of the syntheses and structural aspects ofsomeLi(I),Na(I) andK(I) derivatives.The structure ofsome stannyl compounds ofMg(II),Ca(II), Sr(II),Ba(II) are displayed in the third part ofthis paper.Two rare examples of Sn(II)-based stannyl derivatives are shown in the final part ofthe review.Thisreview also highlights how important it isto correlate X-ray crystallographic data with those obtained by solution- or solid-state 119Sn-NMRexperimentsin orderto determine the degree of covalence in the Sn –Mbond.
Safety Assessment of Aqueous and Supercritical CO2 Extracts of the Chaga Mushroom Inonotus obliguus
Authors: Li Natalia , Kalenik Tatyana
Published: March 2021

Introduction. Plant materials are susceptible to microbial contamination at all stages of the technological process and storage. This problem becomes highly relevant when extracting biologically active compounds from the Inonotus obliquus chaga mushroom. If used in food systems, contaminated extracts may cause their subsequent microbial contamination, as well as deterioration of quality and safety, which inevitably leads to economic losses and health risks. Inonotus obliquus is a popular component of various functional foods; therefore, the microbiological purity of its extracts requires a thorough analysis. In this regard, toxicity in a living test object is another important aspect of the safety studies of extracts and biologically active compounds. Before introducing a new food additive or component into the food system, it has to be tested for toxic properties.

Study objects and methods. The research featured aqueous and supercritical CO2-extracts of the Inonotus obliguus chaga mushroom. The aqueous extract was obtained according to the method specified in the State Pharmacopoeia of the USSR. The supercritical CO2 extraction was obtained using a Thar SFE-500F-2-FMC50 supercritical fluid extraction system. Microbiological indicators were determined by standard operating methods. The relative biological value and possible toxic properties were measured by biotesting on Tetrahymena pyriformis.

Results and its discussion. During the entire tested storage period, the microbial contamination of the extracts remained at a low level, while the contaminants in the supercritical extract showed signs of microbial deactivation by carbon dioxide. The experiment on the ciliates demonstrated no inhibition of motility and growth, the shape of the cells was oval, even, and the cell walls remained unaffected, which means that the extracts produced no toxic effect.

Conclusion. The extracts of the Inonotus obliguus mushroom proved to be biologically valuable and toxicologically safe. The test on Tetrahymena pyriformis showed stable and traceable microbiological indicators. Therefore, aqueous and supercritical CO2 extracts of Inonotus obliguus can be used in food industry.