bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prediction of the Dissolved Oxygen by Using Multi-Layer Perceptron and KNN Approaches: A Case Study in Coosa River, Alabama, USA
Authors:   Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Engineering Faculty, Civil Eng. Department, yunuszkaya@osmaniye.edu.tr, KAYA Yunus Ziya , DEMİRCİ Mustafa ,   Iskenderun Technical University, Eng. Faculty, Civil Engineering Department, TAŞAR Bestami ,   Iskenderun Technical University, Eng. Faculty, Civil Engineering Department, GÜZEL Hasan ,   Iskenderun Technical University, Eng. Faculty, Civil Engineering Department
Published: May 2024

The dissolved oxygen amount of a water body, such as a reservoir, stream, or river, is an important water quality parameter that may affect society's health directly. The daily mean dissolved oxygen of the Coosa River was investigated in this presented study. The multi-layer Perceptron (MLP) approach and k-nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithm, recently widely used for hydrological and environmental problems, was chosen for the prediction. Daily water temperature (Max, Min, and Mean), daily mean specific conductivity, daily median water pH, and discharge parameters were inputs in the MLP and KNN models. A total of 3535 daily records were implemented into the model. 2951 daily data were used as the training set, while 584 was the test set. Results were compared with each other by using statistical evaluation methods. The KNN approach was also generated by applying the same training and test sets. Based on the results, it is evident that the MLP (Multilayer Perceptron) model provided satisfactory dissolved oxygen prediction results. However, the KNN (K-Nearest Neighbors) model outperformed the MLP approach, despite having a lower correlation coefficient than the MLP.
Aplicabilidade terapêutica da cannabis medicinal para tratamento da doença de Alzheimer
Authors: Spezzia Sérgio
Published: May 2024

A doença de Alzheimer constitui transtorno neurodegenerativo, progressivo em que se encontra evidenciada a diminuição da capacidade cognitivo comportamental e funcional. Nela ocorre comprometimento na realização das atividades de vida diárias pelos enfermos à medida que a doença evolui. Uma alternativa terapêutica para enfrentamento da doença de Alzheimer envolve o uso da cannabis medicinal para tratamento. O objetivo deste artigo foi por intermédio da realização de uma revisão de literatura verificar como a cannabis medicinal pode ser utilizada no tratamento da doença de Alzheimer. Realizou-se revisão narrativa de literatura e levantamento de estudos e artigos que tratavam acerca do uso da cannabis medicinal no tratamento da doença de Alzheimer com busca nas bases de dados Google Acadêmico e PubMED. O tratamento da doença de Alzheimer com fármacos possui deficiências nos estágios evolutivos dessa patologia e busca-se alternativas terapêuticas, fazendo-se uso do sistema endocanabinoide. O uso medicinal do cannabis deve continuar sendo estudado, visando obter melhorias e a disponibilização de maiores recursos e terapêuticas para enfrentamento das demências, dentre as quais encontra-se a doença de Alzheimer. O recurso  da utilização da cannabis medicinal pode atuar minimizando a sintomatologia da doença de Alzheimer, concomitantemente possibilitando melhores condições e qualidade de vida aos pacientes enfermos.
Padrões arquitetônicos e urbanísticos da inserção dos supermercados nas cidades
Authors: Oliveira Natália Maria Garcia de , Braida Frederico , Colchete Filho Antonio
Published: May 2024

Este artigo aborda o tema das relações entre cidade e comércio e tem por objetivo principal analisar os padrões de inserção dos supermercados na cidade. As reflexões levantadas são fruto de quatro estudos de caso realizados em Juiz de Fora, cidade mineira de médio porte, a partir das seguintes categorias de análise: história das ocupações no lote, edifício no lote, volumetria, aspectos do entorno, acessos, fachada e comunicação visual. A metodologia utilizada baseou-se em uma investigação eminentemente de caráter exploratório e qualitativo, alicerçada pelas pesquisas bibliográfica, documental e empírica. Ao final, observou-se que os supermercados seguem lógicas de inserção arquitetônica e urbanística de acordo com o lote e com a localização, além das estratégias da marca em pleno diálogo com o entorno. Destaca-se, também, que, atualmente, os supermercados são, além de lugares de compras diárias, espaços de passeio e lazer, podendo ser entendidos como reflexos do comportamento humano na contemporaneidade.
Radiographic analysis in Thoroughbreds reveals morphological changes in healthy maturing stifle joints and possible association between subchondral lesions and femoral condyle width
Authors: Wadbled Laure , Finck Cyrielle , Santschi Elizabeth M. , Morehead James P. , Fogarty Ursula , Lemirre Thibaut , Beauchamp Guy , Richard Hélène , Laverty Sheila
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVE

Assess femorotibial features in foals with and without medial femoral condyle (MFC) subchondral radiolucencies (SR+ and SR–).

METHODS

3 independent, sequential radiographic studies were performed. Study 1 retrospectively measured femorotibial morphological parameters in repository radiographs (SR– and SR+). Study 2 qualitatively compared drawings of intercondylar notch shape in postmortem radiographs (SR–). Study 3 prospectively measured femorotibial parameters in 1-month-old foals (SR–). In studies 1 and 3, 13 morphologic parameters were measured. Limb directional asymmetry was assessed in 2 age groups (< 7 or ≥ 7 months).

RESULTS

Study 1 (SR– group; n = 183 radiographs) showed increased femoral measurements with maturation, except the distal femoral intercondylar notch width (FINwal), which decreased. In contrast, in SR+ stifles (53 radiographs), 3 femoral parameters (MFC width [MFCwpf], MFC height, or FINwal) showed no changes. Tibial plateau width alone increased with maturation in both groups. Interobserver reliability was good to excellent. Study 2 (n = 53 radiographs) confirmed a distal FINw decrease in SR– foals. In study 1, left SR– stifles in greater than or equal to 7-month-old fillies had significantly larger femoral bicondylar width and FINw, while right SR+ stifles in fillies greater than or equal to 7 months had a significantly larger MFCw. In study 3 of 1-month-old foals (n = 94 SR– radiographs), the MFCw, femoral condyle bicondylar width, and lateral femoral condyle height were all greater on the left, whereas the intercondylar intereminence space width was larger on the right.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

In SR+ stifles, the distal femur exhibited divergent maturation, indicating a wider MFC in the right stifle in older foals. As SR lesions are more common on the right, this suggests a potential association with MFC morphology.
Work-life balance is essential to reducing burnout, improving well-being
Authors: Volk John O. , Schimmack Ulrich , Strand Elizabeth B. , Reinhard Addie , Hahn Joseph , Andrews Julie , Probyn-Smith Kevin , Jones Robert
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVE

To assess levels of burnout, well-being, and mental health of veterinarians and compare them to those of nonveterinarians by use of validated instruments, and to identify the predictive values of techniques individuals can use to help reduce burnout and/or improve well-being and mental health.

SAMPLE

An online survey of 4,636 veterinarians from a random sample of 40,000 US veterinarians provided by the AVMA.

METHODS

The study was fielded from September 11 to October 9, 2023.

RESULTS

Burnout and well-being of veterinarians were generally consistent with that of employed US adults. Serious psychological distress was more common among veterinarians than in the general population. Veterinarians on average were more likely to score higher in neuroticism than nonveterinarians, and neuroticism was a predictor of low well-being, poor mental health, and burnout. Work-life balance, an effective coping mechanism for stress, and working in a positive clinic culture were among the significant factors that predicted good well-being and mental health and reduced burnout.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

The higher percentage than the norm of veterinarians with serious psychological distress was a concern. Focusing on maintaining a good work-life balance and adopting a reliable coping mechanism can potentially help reduce distress. Veterinary medicine is an inherently stressful profession. The purpose of this study was to identify key factors that contribute to burnout, well-being, and mental health and to determine what behaviors and management techniques help reduce stress and burnout and contribute to well-being and mental health, thus improving job satisfaction and personal fulfillment.
The Research on the Mass Incidents Law Based on Evolutionary Game Theory and Q-Learning
Authors: Zhang Dinghua , Cao Yajie , Zhao Changping , Yao Zufa , Cao Qiang
Published: May 2024

The mass incident is an evolutionary game process involving multiple subjects. In this process, each subject has strategy space and payoff matrix in the state space. The subject can get different payoffs according to the feedback information from the environment and decide after comparing different payoffs. The entire process is called the evolutionary game of mass events. This paper will do the following research work: (1) analyzing the general process of mass incidents from the perspective of an evolutionary game; (2) constructing the evolutionary game model of mass incidents based on Q-learning; and (3) validating the model by using certain mass incidents.
Cognitive Contrastive Study on Subjectivity in Political Discourse
Authors: Peng Bingzhuan , Lin Zijing
Published: May 2024

Subjectivity is one of the essential features of discourse. A framework for analyzing subjectivity was constructed, and based on the framework, contrastive analysis of subjectivity in political discourse was explored. Both the method of introspection in linguistics and the statistical method in mathematics were employed. Our findings demonstrate that (1) concerning speaker’s perspective, the person deixis “we/us” and the distance deixis “this” are largely used in the two inaugural addresses, but Obama uses the person deixis “they/them” to show his respect for the selfless Americans, while Trump uses the person deixis “you” more to show his desire to win support; (2) concerning speaker’s emotion, both Presidents use positive adjectives frequently. However, Obama used more negative adjectives in his inaugural address, expressing his concern about the current dilemma. Trump uses emphatic adjectives more often, showing Trump’s emphasis on justice; (3) concerning the speaker’s cognition, both Presidents make extensive use of the dynamic modal verb “will” to reduce public resistance to their development plans. Obama uses the dynamic modal verb “can” to show his sober cognition of the current conditions of the United States, while Trump uses the epistemic modal verb “will” to express his confidence in future development. The study lays a theoretical foundation for the contrastive analysis of subjectivity in political discourse.
Plant-parasitic Nematodes Associated with Grasses Grown for Seed in the Willamette Valley of Oregon
Authors: Rivedal H. M. , Zasada I. A. , Temple T. N. , Peetz A. B. , Núñez-Rodríguez L. A. , Starchvick R. J. , Braithwaite E. T.
Published: May 2024

Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN) are an understudied pathogen group in the Oregon cool-season grass seed cropping system. In this survey, the PPN associated with annual ryegrass, bentgrass, fine fescue, orchardgrass, perennial ryegrass, and tall fescue were determined. Thirty-seven fields were sampled in the 2022 or 2023 growing season by collecting 10 soil cores in each of six 100-m transects for nematode extraction and visual identification. PerMANOVA testing indicated significant differences in PPN community composition across grass host and sampling time. Pratylenchus and Meloidogyne were the most commonly encountered nematodes, with maximum population densities of 1,984 and 2,496 nematodes/100 g soil, respectively. Sequencing of the COX1 gene region indicated the presence of P. crenatus, P. fallax, P. neglectus, P. penetrans, and P. thornei, with some of these species being detected for the first time on these grass hosts. The only Meloidogyne sp. found in these grasses was M. nassi, based upon sequencing of the ITS gene region. This first-of-its-kind survey indicates the need for further assessment of the impact of these PPNs on yield and stand longevity in cool-season grass seed fields in Oregon.
PENGARUH ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT TERHADAP EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE MELALUI MEDIASI JOB SATISFACTION
Authors: Safa'Atturrizky Muhammad , Ekhsan Muhamad
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini menggunakan kepuasan kerja (JS) sebagai variabel mediasi untuk menguji hubungan antara komitmen organisasi (OC) dan kinerja karyawan (EP). Enam puluh enam pekerja dari tiga perusahaan manufaktur di Kawasan Industri EJIP menjadi sampel penelitian. SmartPLS 3 digunakan untuk analisis data Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) berbasis varian. Temuan menunjukkan korelasi positif antara peningkatan kinerja karyawan dan komitmen organisasi yang tinggi. Di sisi lain, kinerja karyawan tidak dipengaruhi secara signifikan oleh kepuasan kerja. Terlepas dari kenyataan bahwa kepuasan kerja dan komitmen organisasi berkorelasi positif, kepuasan kerja tidak berperan sebagai faktor mediasi dalam dampak komitmen organisasi terhadap kinerja karyawan. Dengan kata lain, rasa loyalitas yang kuat terhadap perusahaan dapat meningkatkan produktivitas karyawan tanpa memerlukan peningkatan kepuasan kerja. Tidak ada variabel mediasi yang signifikan antara kinerja karyawan dan komitmen organisasi yang berhubungan dengan kepuasan kerja. Pemahaman bahwa organisasi harus berkonsentrasi pada upaya mengembangkan komitmen organisasi yang kuat dari karyawan daripada hanya meningkatkan kepuasan kerja adalah kontribusi penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan kinerja karyawan.
 
This study uses job satisfaction (JS) as a mediating variable to examine the relationship between organizational commitment (OC) and employee performance (EP). Sixty-six workers from three manufacturing companies in the EJIP Industrial Estate made up the research sample. SmartPLS 3 was utilized for variant-based Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) data analysis. The findings demonstrated a positive correlation between increased employee performance and high organizational commitment. On the other hand, employee performance is not significantly impacted by job satisfaction. Despite the fact that job satisfaction and organizational commitment are positively correlated, job satisfaction does not act as a mediating factor in the impact of organizational commitment on employee performance. Put another way, a strong sense of loyalty to the company can enhance worker productivity without requiring a rise in job satisfaction. There is no significant mediating variable between employee performance and organizational commitment that is related to job satisfaction. The understanding that organizations should concentrate on efforts to develop strong organizational commitment from employees rather than just increasing job satisfaction is the research's contribution to improving employee performance.
LINKING TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND EMPLOYEE COMMITMENT: INTERVENING ROLE OF WORK-LIFE BALANCE AND WORKPLACE SOCIAL SUPPORT
Authors: Kaban Lila Maria , Wimko Ritchie
Published: May 2024

Perusahaan milik keluarga harus memanfaatkan seluruh potensi sumber daya manusianya dan menjaga loyalitas karyawan untuk mencapai tujuan perusahaan secara efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh kepemimpinan transformasional terhadap komitmen karyawan melalui keseimbangan kehidupan kerja dan dukungan sosial di tempat kerja. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Agustus hingga Desember 2023 menggunakan kuesioner online yang dibagikan kepada karyawan di salah satu perusahaan keluarga di Medan, Indonesia. Data yang dikumpulkan kemudian dianalia menggunakan PLS-SEM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan transformasional berpengaruh signifikan terhadap komitmen karyawan, keseimbangan kehidupan kerja, dan dukungan sosial di tempat kerja. Namun, meskipun dukungan sosial di tempat kerja mampu memediasi hubungan antara kepemimpinan transformasional dan komitmen karyawan, keseimbangan kehidupan kerja tidak dapat memediasi hubungan tersebut. Selain itu, ditemukan bahwa keseimbangan kehidupan kerja tidak mempunyai pengaruh langsung terhadap komitmen karyawan. Dengan menggunakan analisis IPMA, penelitian ini menyoroti pentingnya kepemimpinan transformasional dan dukungan sosial di tempat kerja dalam lingkungan bisnis keluarga. Kepemimpinan transformasional juga terbukti memiliki kinerja dan pengaruh paling tinggi terhadap komitmen karyawan. Disarankan agar manajer memprioritaskan aspek-aspek ini untuk mengurangi tingkat stres karyawan, meningkatkan kesejahteraan psikologis, dan meningkatkan kepuasan kerja, yang pada akhirnya menghasilkan tenaga kerja yang lebih berkomitmen dan berkinerja tinggi.
 
Family businesses must harness the full potential of their human resources and maintain employee loyalty to achieve the companies’ objectives effectively. This study examines the influence of transformational leadership on employee commitment through work-life balance and workplace social support. The research was conducted from August to December 2023 using an online questionnaire distributed to employees in a family firm in Medan, Indonesia. The data were then analyzed using PLS-SEM. The results show that transformational leadership significantly effects employee commitment, work-life balance, and workplace social support. However, although workplace social support mediates the relationship between transformational leadership and employee commitment, work-life balance fails to do so. It was also found that work-life balance has no direct influence on employee commitment. Using an IPMA analysis, this study highlights the importance of transformational leadership and workplace social support in the family business environment. Transformational leadership has also been shown to have the best performance and effect on employee commitment. Managers should prioritize these aspects to reduce employees’ stress levels, improve psychological well-being, and increase job satisfaction, leading to a more committed, high-performance workforce.
Futur et modalité : approche comparée dans le domaine romano-slave
Authors:   Université de Sofia “St Clément d’Okhrid”, Asenova Petya , Guentchéva Zlatka ,   CNRS – LACITO (France)
Published: May 2024

The interaction between modality and temporality has long been a subject of debate, as evidenced by numerous studies on the use of verb tenses and their semantic evolution in various languages. This particularly concerns the verbal forms of the future. In this contribution, we propose to show, through a comparative approach, certain convergences and divergences concerning modal uses of the future in Romanian and Bulgarian. We aim to situate the Romanian facts both in relation to the Romance languages and in relation to the Balkan languages, taking into account the balkanization of the Bulgarian verbal system. We will show that in spite of the coexistence of four paradigms of analytic constructions of the future in Romanian, the boundary between the different modal values is sometimes extremely tenuous and only a sufficient contextualization makes it possible to orient their interpretation. We will leave aside the forms of the so-called presumptive in Romanian.
Les réduplications adjectivales en russe en comparaison avec le français. Нам купили синий-синий, презеленый красный шар
Authors:   Université Jean Moulin Lyon 3, Artyushkina Olga
Published: May 2024

The paper analyses two categories of adjective’s reduplications in Russian: the first one has a Y1-Y2 form with the same adjective Y, the second one has a Y-prefY form, where the adjective’s second occurrence has a prefix. The author studies reduplications with prefixes raz- and pre- and shows that the reduplication structures cannot be reduced to the simple expression of the intensity and that they also contain different kinds of modality. The study takes in account the comparison of the same phenomena of the adjectival reduplication in French, such as joli-joli and another form, Y from Y (pauvre de chez pauvre).
Da intensificatore assoluto a segnale discorsivo: il caso di assolutamente e dei suoi equivalenti in russo
Authors:   Università degli Studi Roma Tre, Benigni Valentina
Published: May 2024

In this paper a usage-based approach is adopted as the basis for a qualitative study of non-standard uses of the adverb assolutamente, which is widely employed in spoken discourse and CMC in Italian. The study shows how this expression has expanded its pragmatic and procedural functions to act as an (inter)subjective discourse marker and an interactional device to manage conversational turns. In the second part of the study a contrastive approach is adopted in order to identify functional equivalents of the Italian adverb in Russian texts. This approach provides a useful heuristic to highlight the cross-linguistic interplay of apparently independent semantic-cognitive processes, such as intensification, focalization and evaluation.
Allora e i suoi equivalenti in russo: analisi contrastiva in un corpus parallelo italiano–russo
Authors:   Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milano, Bonola Anna
Published: May 2024

The article provides a corpus driven analysis, based on a bidirectional Italian-Russian Parallel Corpus, of the Italian adverb/conjunction allora, which has acquired also textual and discursive functions. As a result of the analysis it was possible to determine that allora does not have an exact equivalent in Russian. The Russian marker togda presents only a part of the polyfunctionality of allora, as it may have adverbial temporal or, more rarely, connective consequential meaning. Nonetheless togda, unlike allora, rarely combines these meanings in ambiguous semantics. Syntactically, the holophrastic use of Italian allora is very unusual for Russian togda. Furthermore, togda may combine its basic semantics with the pragmatic function of marking conclusion by inference, but the other pragmatic functions of allora are distributed among other markers like: i tut, tut, tak, itak (for metatextual pragmatic functions) and nu or že, (for interactional pragmatic functions.)
Только в функции коннектора : семантика и проблемы перевода на французский язык
Authors:   Женевский университет (Université de Genève), Попкова Наталия
Published: May 2024

The paper is dedicated to the analysis of usages of Russian tol’ko as a connector. The author defines logical-semantic relations marked by tol’ko (i.e. exception, exclusion from consideration, contrast) – all based on the semantic operation of exclusion of an element out of a set – indicating the differences between them. The comparative analysis of translation equivalents of tol’ko in the French texts is carried out using the supracorpora database of connectors. The obtained data reveals new aspects of the tol’ko semantics and could be used to complete or update the existing theoretical description of the linguistic unit in question.
Дискурсивные элементы в русской речи итальянцев: некоторые закономерности усвоения
Authors:   Università degli studi di Milano, Stoyanova Nataliya
Published: May 2024

To study the usage and the acquisition of discourse elements in Russian L2 by Italian students, an oral educational corpus was assembled – a replica of the experiment presented on the website www.spokencorpora.ru with which our data were compared. It was shown that, unlike logical connectives, for which there seems to be no order of acquisition, for discourse elements, this order is obviously present, correlating with the year of study and the level of language proficiency. This difference confirms that the acquisition of discourse elements, in contrast to the logic connectives occurs spontaneously even in classroom teaching. Moreover, the order of acquisition of discourse elements in Russian L2 was com- pared with Italian L2 data in terms of functional types and this revealed a strong match.
L’ordine delle parole in interazione con gli altri fattori della struttura informativa: la frase italiana e quella ceca
Authors:   Università della Slesia, Opava, Klímová Eva
Published: May 2024

The article deals with word order in Italian in comparison with word order in Czech. Doing this other factors of the information structure of the sentence are taken into consideration: context, semantic function and intonation. In natural languages these factor operate as a means of the sentence perspective in a different way but always in interplay. In Czech, word order is almost free with a very strong tendency to place the rhematic element at the end of the sentence. In Italian, the order Subject–Verb–Object is considered as unmarked. Comparing word order of these languages, two principles are considered: the grammatical principle and the principle of the information structure. In Italian, the word order is partially under the control of the grammatical principle, partially under the control of the principle of the information structure. In Czech, the word order is under the control of the principle of the information structure.
La concorrenza degli aspetti in russo: particolarità semantiche e possibile resa in italiano
Authors:   Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Noseda Valentina
Published: May 2024

The aim of this paper is to identify, with the help of a parallel Russian-Italian corpus, the strategies used in Italian to render the Russian imperfective general-factual, i.e, those cases in which the imperfective is said to compete with the perfective. After outlining the semantic features of the imperfective general-factual, as opposed to the perfective, and describing its different types, we will show how some of its main semantic traits can be rendered in Italian with a specific strategy.
Emergence and Social Response to the National Physical Fitness Decline Issue in the 1930s
Authors:   The Korean Association For Japanese History, Ham Ye-Jae
Published: May 2024

In 1936, General Teraiichi Derauchi raised concerns about the declining national physical fitness during a regular assembly. This statement paved the way for the establishment of the Welfare Department in 1938. The recognition of the national physical fitness decline as an urgent issue by the army emerged around the mid-1930s. The army had been continuously analyzing the results of conscription examinations. Experiences utilizing the results of conscription examinations in the “Excellent Excellent young man Village Award(優良壯丁市町村表彰)” project conducted by the Asahi Shimbun in 1934, along with the appointment of Chikahiko Koizumi(小泉親彦) as the Director of the Medical Officer, prompted a re-evaluation of the physical fitness issue among servicemen. Subsequently, Koizumi's analysis of the national physical fitness issue led to General Koizumi's remarks.
Subsequently, through academic research and mass media, the issue spread socially. Initially, the “Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(日本學術振興會)” established a related committee to initiate scientific examination. The research findings highlighted the necessity for accurate data to assess the nation's physical fitness. These academic research results provided a policy definition for 'physical fitness' and laid the groundwork for the National Physical Fitness Law(國民體力法) enacted in 1940.
Asahi Newspaper(朝日新聞社), a prominent mass media outlet, provided a platform for the formation of societal consensus on the issue of national physical fitness. Particularly noteworthy is the 'National Physical Fitness Improvement Symposium(國民體力向上座談會)' held in June 1937. Government officials, along with experts from various fields including academia, labor, and sports, attended this symposium to discuss the causes of the decline in national physical fitness and potential improvement measures. Not only were policy perspectives discussed, but also vividly conveyed were the issues faced in practical settings.
As a result of these processes, societal awareness of the issue of national physical fitness spread, and there was a growing chorus calling for alternative solutions to address it. The discussions and awareness spread at the societal level would go on to have a significant impact on the subsequent policy-making process. In other words, the national importance of the issue of national physical fitness, symbolized by the establishment of the Welfare Department during the wartime period, was shaped not only by political responses but also by the convergence of societal interest and awareness.
The Great Kanto Earthquake and “Rumors” : Rethinking the “Rumor” Records of Taisho Daishinkasaishi by the Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department (1925)
Authors:   The Korean Association For Japanese History, Noh Joo-Eun
Published: May 2024

This paper is an attempt to examine the use of “rumors” in the national narrative of the massacre of Koreans during the Great Kanto Earthquake. It is important to note that “rumor” is a term that is judged ex post facto and that from the perspective of security forces, “rumor” is a target for cracking down on, so this paper argues that it is necessary to distinguish between the period before and after the security forces perceived information about Koreans as “rumors”. Therefore, this paper analyzes the “rumor” records of Taisho Daishinkasaishi by the Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department (1925) as the records after the security forces perceived “rumors,” ex post facto records. To reveal the intended use of “rumors” selected, revised, and manipulated by the Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department, I trace the primary sources of the “rumor” records in Taisho Daishinkasaishi and contrast them with those sources to show that “rumor” records have a political agenda. This attempt may contribute to emphasizing the importance of verifying the historical account of the Great Kanto Earthquake as portrayed by official documents and government publications.
The Effectiveness of Responsible Beverage Service Training Programs: A Literature Review and Synthesis
Authors:   NORC At The University Of Chicago, 4350 East-West Highway, 8th Floor, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, United States
Published: May 2024

Studies have revealed that approximately half of driving while intoxicated (DWI) offenders had their last alcoholic drink at a licensed bar or restaurant. Sales and service of alcohol to underage youth and those already intoxicated contributes to many causes of injuries.
Exploring the Nonlinear Relationship between Cereal Self-Sufficiency and Economic Growth: Implications for Sustainable Food Security
Authors:   The Korean Agricultural Economics Association, Chung Dae Hee , Suh Dong Hee
Published: May 2024

This study examines the nonlinear relationship between cereal self-sufficiency and economic growth. Compiling a comprehensive balanced panel dataset encompassing 100 countries spanning the period from 1995 to 2020, this study conducts the panel analyses to examine how cereal selfsufficiency rates are associated with economic growth. Our empirical analyses yield illuminating insights into the stylized patterns of cereal self-sufficiency rates at various economic growth stages. These patterns highlight asymmetrical and nonlinear relationships between cereal exporting and importing countries. Exporting countries demonstrate a U-shaped curve, which indicates a propensity for amplifying domestic production, generating excess surpluses of cereals. In contrast, importing countries exhibit an inverted U-shaped curve, reflecting that challenging production conditions compel them to depend on international imports to meet their food demand.
Effect of Vietnam’s Doimoi on Agricultural Production
Authors:   The Korean Agricultural Economics Association, Kim Youngjune , Park Misun , Choi Yongho
Published: May 2024

Exploiting the synthetic control method, we estimate the impact of Vietnam’s Doimoi, with an emphasis of household contracts and liberalization of agricultural distribution, on agricultural production. We estimate that Vietnam’s Doimoi caused 11.8% increase in agricultural production index, respectively, a year after the implementation of the Doimoi. We also find that, about 10 years after the implementation, agricultural production index increased by 25.4% due to the implementation of the Doimoi. One plausible explanation for the increase in agricultural production is that agricultural reform in the Doimoi significantly improved incentives for labor and contributed to the overall improvement of the agricultural sector.
Effects of ESG Management on Financial Performance and Firm Value of Food Companies
Authors:   The Korean Agricultural Economics Association, Chang Jae Bong , Yoon Sung-Joo
Published: May 2024

ESG (Environment, Social and Governance) activities of food manufacturing companies are likely to affect consumers’ consumption behaviors and companies’ management performance; however, research on the effects of ESG activities on management performance for food manufacturing industry is still in its early stage due to data access problems in Korea. In this study, we constructed panel data for the top 30 food manufacturing companies based on revenue over a period of seven years (2016∼2022) to examine the effects of ESG evaluation ratings on their management performance such as financial performance and corporate value. For the analysis, we employed fixed-effects specification, and used ESG rating data evaluated and released by the Korea Corporate Governance Service, as well as financial information and corporate valuation data published by the Financial Supervisory Service and the Korea Exchange. We find that the ESG rating of food manufacturing companies did not have a statistically significant effect on return on sales (ROS) and return on equity (ROE). However, results indicate that the rating had a statistically significant positive effect on price-to-book ratio (PBR) and Tobin’s Q. This suggests that the ESG activities of food manufacturing companies can potentially be an effective management strategy in enhancing the value of the companies in both the shrot and long-term dimensions.
Gains from Individual and Regional Specializations in Crop Production: A Micro-data Analysis
Authors:   The Korean Agricultural Economics Association, Kwon Oh-Sang
Published: May 2024

This study empirically investigates the impacts of crop specialization on farm performance in Korea. A census data set of about 230,000 crop-producing farms is used, and the crop diversities within farms (α-diversity), among farms (β-diversity), and of the regions (γ-diversity) were measured for the analysis. The regional diversity (γ) is partitioned into the average diversity within farms (α) and among farms (β). Our estimation results of the interval regression model show that both individual and regional specializations contribute to farm performance. That is, individual farm revenue decreases both in the α and γ diversities but increases in the β diversity when controlled by the farm input usages, farm household characteristics, and regional socio-economic-climate conditions. It is also found that farms choosing crop selections similar to those of their regions tend to achieve higher performance. We confirm the existence of the gains from specializations by estimating a propensity score model with a continuous treatment as well. We insist that our findings are quite consistent with the observed trends, specializing in a small number of crops despite the potential gains from diversification.
De Veracruz a México. Crónicas, noticias y discursos sobre el Ferrocarril Mexicano, 1850-1873
Authors: Moncayo Ramírez Jonatan
Published: May 2024

El presente trabajo busca identificar a los escritores y publicaciones periódicas que modelaron, entre 1850 y 1873, por medio de crónicas y noticias, las experiencias e imaginarios en torno a la primera ruta ferroviaria de México. La finalidad del ensayo consiste en demostrar que, además de las concesiones, los dilemas comerciales, los debates políticos y la implementación de los desarrollos tecnológicos, la historia del denominado Ferrocarril Mexicano también se fue entretejiendo gradualmente en los periódicos, a partir de las diversas narraciones, que se generaron con motivo de las inauguraciones de distintos tramos de la línea.
From Veracruz to Mexico. Chronicles, News, and Speeches about the Mexican Railroad, 1850-1873
Abstract
This paper seeks to identify the writers and newspapers that modeled, between 1850 and 1873, through chronicles and news, the experiences and imaginaries surrounding the first railroad route in Mexico. The purpose of the essay is to demonstrate that in addition to the concessions, commercial dilemmas, political debates and the implementation of technological developments, the history of the Mexican Railroad was also gradually woven into the newspapers from the various narratives that were generated on the occasion of the inaugurations of different sections of the line.
Recibido: 13 de marzo de 2024Dictaminado: 30 de marzo de 2024Aceptado: 15 de abril de 2024
Biomimetic approach for energy-efficient building envelope design in Doha
Authors: Nalçakan Berkay , Kundakcı Koyunbaba Başak
Published: May 2024

In this study, an approach is proposed for building envelope designs that directly affect the energy consumption of buildings in response to the ever-increasing energy demand of the built environment due to the increasing population around the world. Within the scope of the study, it is aimed to improve the energy efficiency of the building envelope system created with a nature-inspired approach, by considering both the design and simulation processes together. The entire architectural integration process of this envelope system, developed for the office unit located on the south facade of a fictitious office building in Doha, Qatar, with extreme weather conditions, is discussed. The effects of the developed biomimetic envelope design on cooling load and daylight parameters are analyzed along with the simulation outputs generated throughout the study. As a result of the study, it was observed that the building envelope system created with the biomimetic approach improved the building in terms of energy efficiency
Un acercamiento para repensar la voz y construir la paz: resistencias ante la violencia de género
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (México), García-González Dora Elvira
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this article is to think about voice in order to reflect on the reasons for the exclusion of women’s voice in political contexts. It seeks to reinforce the connection between discourse and listening as a constructive path to social and political peace, especially from a feminist perspective that recovers voice as a central element for this construct and based on Adriana Cavarero’s theoretical approach. The absence of women’s voice from logocentric traditions cancels possibilities of resistance and separates voice and discourse, an issue underpinned by binary metaphysics that block plurality, singularity, and difference. From there emanate exclusionary univocentric totalitarian forms with the consequence of the emergence of violence. This voice in plurality demands a listening that is constituted as a horizon to promote the political space and the construction of peace.
Violência, Democracia e Justiça Criminal em cinco países da América do Sul (2014-2020)
Authors: Nóbrega José Maria
Published: May 2024

Latin America is the most violent region in the world. Its average rate exceeds 20 homicides per 100,000 inhabitants, while the global average rate is 6 per 100,000 and the epidemic limit is 10 per 100,000. No consolidated democracy has uncontrolled rates of homicidal violence, none of them have high impunity and a low rate of rule of law. Our task in this paper will be to relate violence, the level of democracy and criminal justice as a proxy indicator of the rule of law in five representative countries in Latin America. To this end, we use the following as indicators for measuring, classifying and correlating these concepts: democracy indices from The Economist's Democracy Index; UNODC homicide rates per hundred thousand inhabitants as a proxy for violence; and the factor eight criminal justice indices from the World Justice Project's Rule of Law Index (2021). Our theoretical argument, or conjecture to be tested, was that the indicators of violence, democracy and criminal justice as a factor of the Rule of Law are associated. In other words, the signs of statistical correlations and crossing data sets from the 2014-2020 time series point to a higher level of democracy when there is a higher level of criminal justice and, in turn, lower levels of violence. Data analysis confirmed our theoretical conjecture and, in the five countries analyzed, violence tends to fall with the improvement of criminal justice indicators (Rule of Law) and reflects a better quality of democracy.
A aplicação do protocolo para julgamento com perspectiva de gênero nas demandas sobre assédio sexual no tribunal regional do trabalho de pernambuco
Authors: Ribeiro Ana Terra Borges Antunes , Sepúlveda Sobrinho Gabriela , Carvalho Alexandre Douglas Zaidan de
Published: May 2024

O assédio sexual é um fenômeno que subsiste nos ambientes de trabalho brasileiros, sendo as vítimas, em sua grande maioria, mulheres. Tendo em vista esta realidade, com o intuito de proteger as mulheres vítimas de assédio sexual e demais formas de discriminação e violência foi criado o Protocolo para Julgamento com Perspectiva de Gênero, tendo o Conselho Nacional de Justiça recomendado a sua adoção no âmbito do Poder Judiciário brasileiro, desde fevereiro de 2022. O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar a efetiva aplicação - entre fevereiro de 2022 e janeiro de 2023 - do Protocolo para Julgamento com Perspectiva de Gênero em processos trabalhistas movidos por mulheres, que versam sobre assédio sexual, nos acórdãos proferidos pelas Turmas do Tribunal Regional do Trabalho da 6ª Região (Pernambuco).
Pamphlet or a Lecture, which Method is more Effective in Educating Children about Proper Ways of Tooth Brushing? Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors:   Ziauddin College of  Dentistry, Karachi., Amir Humaira Naureen , Zaidi Abeeha Batool , Mohiuddin Sidra , Firdous Syeda Nadia
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of educating proper tooth brushing techniques via lecture or pamphlet on the reduction of dental plaque score among 12-year-old schoolchildren from subset Karachi. METHODOLOGY: A quasi-experimental study was performed from September to December 2021 in three underprivileged Karachi schools. After ethical approval schools were selected based on convenience sampling. Subjects were selected by random sampling and were divided into groups A, B, and C. The children of groups A&B (lecture& pamphlet) were taught tooth brushing as per American dental association criteria. The Plaque score at baseline was recorded. Group A was educated using a lecture with a live demonstration of brushing using models and charts. Group B was given Pamphlets, that had both text and illustrations, containing pictures of brushing techniques. Group C had no intervention i.e. a control group. The dental plaque score was calculated using the Loe and Silness scale. The Plaque score was measured at baseline (0), after one month, and after three months. RESULT: At baseline mean, the mean plaque score was 1.381±0.636, at 1-monthfollow-up 1.161±0.562, and at 3 months follow-up 1.065±0.658. There was a significant decline in mean plaque score in group A(lecture) followed by Group B(Pamphlet) after three months of intervention. No difference was seen in the control group. CONCLUSION: The study concluded that health education programs promote oral hygiene among school-going children as a significant improvement in mean plaque score reported from baselines to 3 months follow-up. KEYWORDS: Toothbrushing Technique, Dental Plaque, Lecture, intervention, Pamphlet.
Expectations of Patients Receiving Orthodontic Treatment from Saidu College of Dentistry Swat: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors:   Saidu College of Dentistry, Saidu Sharif Swat., Khan Erum Behroz , Ullah Asad , Ullah Imran Ullah
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the anticipations of orthodontic treatment held by both patients and parents. This would enable the provision of optimal services for expectations that are rational, while also facilitating discussions or guidance for expectations that are impractical. One of the key goals of healthcare systems today is to meet patient expectations. The declaration of a patient’s desires is significant because healthcare providers frequently undervalue their need for treatment. When a clinician is aware of patient demands, they are better equipped to meet the patient’s realistic expectations while explaining the least possibility to fulfil arbitrary expectations, thus results in more rewarding therapeutic interventions. METHODOLOGY: The data collection process involved the utilization of a non-randomized sampling technique, specifically selecting 300 participants as determined through Epi info using a structured form. The study focused on recruiting new patients who exhibited internal motivation, along with anatomical or morphological issues related to their teeth or jaws. A prior history of orthodontic treatment was an exclusion criterion. Participants with craniofacial syndromes or malformations, as well as those dealing with mental or psychological health conditions, were excluded from the research. RESULTS: In total, 300 individuals were examined, with 170 females and 130 males. Improvement in facial appearance was the most popular reason for seeking orthodontic treatment (180 patients out of 300), although other functions like mastication, better oral health and communication were mentioned by 120 patients. 70% (210) had a thought, since they would receive treatment, they would be more accepted by society and thus improve their social standing, while the remaining 30% (90) thought that it would have no difference. CONCLUSION: Essentially, expectations from orthodontic interventions among patients are quite uniform, although males generally display more practical perceptions regarding treatment duration and the initial appointment. However, when it comes to dietary and beverage restrictions during orthodontic treatment, patient expectations differ from those held by their parents. KEYWORDS: Patient expectations, orthodontics, Evaluate.
Restoration of Anterior Teeth Using Minimal Invasive Esthetic Techniques with Opalusture and Composite Restoration: A Clinical Technique
Authors:   Rawal Institute Of Health Sciences, Islamabad., Mushtaq Farah
Published: May 2024

Discoloration is one of the important reasons for restoration of anterior teeth in esthetic zone. Dental fluorosis is among common discoloration. Main reason for fluorosis is that concerned person residing in area with high fluoride content in community drinking water supply. In this case report, a 45year old male patient reported with esthetic concern due to discoloration in anterior teeth which was in turn diagnosed to be fluorosis and eventually treated with minimal invasive techniques including combination of microabrasion ,macroabrasion and direct composite veneers. KEYWORDS: Fluorosis,Tooth discoloration,Enamel microabrasion,Dental veneers