bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Latihan Bernapas dengan Bibir Mengerucut (Pursed Lip Breathing) terhadap Saturasi Oksigen Pasien PPOK
Authors: Inayati Anik , Ayubbana Sapti , Dewi Nia Risa , Pakarti Asri Tri
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common lung disease that causes limited airflow and breathing problems. COPD patients who undergo treatment generally experience a decrease in SPO2 <95% which can have a negative impact on the patient's condition. Companion therapy to help increase SPO2 can be done through breathing exercises. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of pursed lip breathing (PLB) on SPO2 in COPD patients. This study was conducted using a quasi-experimental study with a non-randomized control group pretest posttest design, the sample used was 28 divided into intervention and control groups, each group consisting of 14 people. Data analysis was carried out using univariate and bivariate analysis. The results of the independent t-test analysis showed that pursed lip breathing exercises were proven to have an effect on increasing SPO2 in COPD patients (p-value 0.002), the difference in the mean SPO2 of the two groups was 1.214%. It is hoped that PLB exercises can be used as one of the companion therapies for COPD patients who experience decreased SPO2. Keywords: Pursed Lip Breathing, SPO2, COPD  ABSTRAK Penyakit paru obstruktif kronik (PPOK) adalah penyakit paru-paru umum yang menyebabkan aliran udara terbatas dan masalah pernapasan. Pasien PPOK yang data menjalani perawatan umumnya mengalami penurunan SPO2 <95% yang dapat berdampak buruk pada kondisi pasien. Terapi pendamping untuk membantu meningkatkan SPO2 dapat dilakukan melalui latihan pernapasan. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui pengaruh pursed lip breathing (PLB) terhadap SPO2 pasien PPOK. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan studi kuasi eksperimen dengan rancangan non randomized control group pretest posttest design, sampel yang dipergunakan sebanyak 28 terbagi dalam kelompok intervensi dan kontrol, masing-masing kelompok 14 orang. Analisa data dilakukan menggunakan analisis univariat dan bivariat. Hasil analisis independent t test menunjukkan bahwa latihan pursed lip breathing terbukti berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan SPO2 pasien PPOK (p-value 0,002), selisih rerata SPO2 kedua kelompok adalah sebesar 1,214%. Diharapkan  latihan PLB dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu terapi pendamping bagi pasien PPOK yang mengalami penurunan SPO2. Kata Kunci: Pursed Lip Breathing, SPO2, PPOK
Liderazgo y desempeño laboral en las clínicas privadas de la provincia de Santa Elena, 2024
Authors: Bustamante-Gutiérrez Mónica , Pico-Gutiérrez Eduardo
Published: January 2025

El estudio se focaliza en el análisis del liderazgo para gestionar los desafíos específicos del sector salud y el desempeño laboral que fomente la calidad del servicio y la satisfacción de los usuarios. El principal objetivo de este artículo es determinar la influencia del liderazgo en el desempeño laboral en las clínicas privadas de la provincia de Santa Elena, Ecuador. La metodología que se utilizó fue un enfoque mixto, en base al método analítico, aplicado a una muestra del talento humano de 12 clínicas privadas, en cuyo trabajo de campo mediante la encuesta se determinó preferencia creciente por el liderazgo participativo y los medios digitales en la comunicación corporativa, que son relevantes para el desempeño laboral. Los resultados indican una variedad en la motivación laboral de los empleados, con áreas de mejora en el liderazgo y la gestión para fortalecer el clima laboral. A pesar de que la mayoría reporta acceso a oportunidades de desarrollo profesional, un grupo considerable enfrenta limitaciones. Este estudio subraya la importancia de políticas inclusivas para maximizar el potencial de los empleados. En conclusión, el artículo proporciona una visión detallada de las estrategias y dinámicas organizacionales requeridas en las clínicas privadas para mejorar el desempeño laboral, resaltando la necesidad de adaptación continua a cambios tecnológicos y compensaciones laborales para promover el liderazgo participativo en ambientes laborales agradables y satisfactorios.
Plan employee onboarding para el área administrativa del GAD Municipal de Latacunga
Authors: Velastegui-Rodríguez Mia , Flor-Mora Omar
Published: January 2025

El artículo propone un Plan Employee Onboarding – Plan de Incorporación de Empleados para el área administrativa del GAD Municipal de Latacunga, con el objetivo de facilitar la integración y adaptación de los nuevos funcionarios municipales. Este plan incluye dinámicas de socialización, capacitación técnica y acompañamiento inicial para mejorar la satisfacción laboral y, en consecuencia, incrementar el compromiso y la productividad de los empleados en sus primeras etapas dentro de la institución. La implementación del plan se basa en el diseño de contenidos específicos, un cronograma de actividades, la capacitación de tutores y la ejecución de talleres de bienvenida e integración. También se contempla un acompañamiento tutelar durante los primeros 60 días de cada nuevo empleado, con un seguimiento a través de indicadores como productividad y rotación para evaluar y ajustar el proceso. El artículo destaca los beneficios de un onboarding eficiente, como la reducción de la curva de aprendizaje, disminución de la rotación laboral, generación de compromiso institucional, y una pronta alineación de los empleados con los objetivos del GAD Municipal. Además, propone la mejora continua del proceso mediante la identificación de oportunidades de optimización en la experiencia del nuevo personal. Finalmente, el estudio utilizó un enfoque metodológico mixto, con encuestas y entrevistas, para evaluar el proceso de onboarding actual, identificando áreas críticas de mejora, como la necesidad de una capacitación más robusta y la clarificación de responsabilidades laborales.
Experimentos con materiales y sustancias de uso cotidiano para fortalecer el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje de la química
Authors: Abrigo-Cuenca Leonora , Cano-de Torres Yulixis
Published: January 2025

Esta investigación se desarrolló con el objetivo de fortalecer el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la química en los estudiantes de primer año de bachillerato del Colegio Remigio Geo Gómez Guerrero de la ciudad de Huaquillas-El Oro-Ecuador Por lo cual se llevó a cabo un estudio enmarcado en una metodología de enfoque cuantitativo, con paradigma positivista, aplicando el tipo de investigación cuasiexperimental y el método analítico. La población de estudio estuvo dividida en dos grupos un grupo de control y otro experimental, a quienes se les aplicó las técnicas e instrumentos de recolección de datos, lo cual permite resaltar entre los hallazgos más importantes que el uso de una herramienta educativa dentro del aula de clases como la aplicación de experimentos basados en el uso de sustancias y materiales de la vida cotidiana, y como puede influir de forma favorable en los procesos de enseñanza aplicados por los docentes para el desarrollo del aprendizaje estudiantil sobre los temas y contenidos suministrados en la asignatura de química de los estudiantes del primer año de bachillerato. Por otro lado, se diseñaron y aplicaron unos experimentos basados en el uso de sustancias y materiales de la vida cotidiana, cuya evaluación final determinó un aumento de comprensión en los estudiantes de química del primer año de bachillerato de un 70,50 % sobre los contenidos expuestos por los docentes en la asignatura de química, destacando la eficiencia la estrategia didáctica diseñada, con el fin de fortalecer el aprendizaje de los estudiantes del primer año de bachillerato del Colegio Remigio Geo Gómez Guerrero, lo cual contribuyó de forma favorable al desarrollo exitoso de los procesos de enseñanza dentro del aula de clases.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Rekomendasi Pencarian Indekos Pada Kecamatan Rappocini Berbasis Website
Authors: Qadri Muhammad , Amiruddin Amran , Tahir Tamus Bin , Kamaruddin Kamaruddin , Tamsir Tamsir , Rahman Fery Fadul , Fadillah Andi Nur
Published: January 2025

Pencarian indekos menjadi tantangan bagi mahasiswa yang membutuhkan tempat tinggal di Kecamatan Rappocini. Meskipun terdapat banyak opsi, namun kesulitan    dalam menemukan indekos yang sesuai dengan preferensi dan kebutuhan masih sering terjadi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sebuah sistem rekomendasi pencarian indekos berbasis website. Metode ini memanfaatkan data historis dari pengguna lain          untuk memberikan rekomendasi yang personal dan akurat. Data indekos, preferensi pengguna, serta informasi geografis Kecamatan Rappocini diintegrasikan dalam sistem untuk meningkatkan kualitas rekomendasi. Pengujian dilakukan menggunakan data pengguna simulasi dan data indekos sebenarnya. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa sistem rekomendasi yang dikembangkan mampu memberikan rekomendasi yang relevan dan membantu pengguna dalam pencarian  indekos di Kecamatan Rappocini.
ПРОБЛЕМИ ФОРМУВАННЯ ПСИХОЛОГІЧНОЇ ГОТОВНОСТІ ВІЙСЬКОВОСЛУЖБОВЦІВ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ГВАРДІЇ УКРАЇНИ ДО МОЖЛИВОГО ПОТРАПЛЯННЯ У ПОЛОН
Authors:   National academy of hte National Guard of Ukraine, Bielai Serhii , Kernytskyi Oleksandr ,   National Academy of the National Guard of Ukraine, Zinkov Yaroslav ,   National Academy of the National Guard of Ukraine
Published: January 2025

This article summarizes theoretical and empirical materials on the specificity of forming the psychological readiness of servicemen to stay in conditions of forced isolation (captivity). The need to organise special psychological training for the servicemen concerning possible captivity is substantiated by the fact that the acquired knowledge and skills can help to save lives in situations of captivity and return from it.
It is noted that one of the main goals of psychological training for a captivity situation is to train the military personnel of the National Guard of Ukraine to exercise self-control and self-regulation under strong psychological pressure, to learn to control behaviour in extreme conditions, etc. The authors describe the main methods used by prison guards during interrogations to break the will of prisoners, achieve their complete obedience, and change their ideals and values. Specifying the approaches to the organisation of professional and psychological training of the military personnel of the National Guard of Ukraine, the experience of the anti-terrorist operation and the Joint Forces Operation, and the repulsion of the Russian Federation's attack on Ukraine have made it possible to generalise the approaches to the training for situations of forced isolation (captivity) and to formulate key recommendations.
ВПЛИВ ТВЕРДОСТІ МАТЕРІАЛУ УРАЖАЮЧОГО ЕЛЕМЕНТА КІНЕТИЧНОЇ ЗБРОЇ НЕСМЕРТЕЛЬНОЇ ДІЇ НА ГЛИБИНУ ПРОНИКНЕННЯ У М’ЯЗОВІ ТКАНИНИ ТІЛА
Authors:   National academy of hte National Guard of Ukraine, Bіlenko Oleksandr , Marchenko Volodymyr ,   National Academy of the National Guard of Ukraine
Published: January 2025

The impact of the hardness of the striking element of a non-lethal kinetic weapon on the depth of its penetration into the muscle tissues of the body was studied. The empirical dependence of the depth of penetration into the target of the striking element on its hardness and speed of encounter with the target for non-lethal kinetic weapons was obtained. The specified dependence makes it possible to predict the depth of penetration into the target of the striking element and to assess the safety of non-lethal kinetic weapons for the object of its application.
ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ТА ФОРМУВАННЯ СУКУПНОСТІ ПОКАЗНИКІВ І КРИТЕРІЇВ ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ БАТАЛЬЙОННИХ ТАКТИЧНИХ ГРУП НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ГВАРДІЇ УКРАЇНИ ДЛЯ УЧАСТІ У СТАБІЛІЗАЦІЙНИХ ДІЯХ
Authors:   National academy of hte National Guard of Ukraine, Butuzov Vitalii , Luhovskyi Ihor ,   National Academy of the National Guard of Ukraine
Published: January 2025

Proposed a set of indicators and criteria for assessing the effectiveness of the use of battalion task forces of the National Guard of Ukraine for participation in stabilization actions, which meets the goals and objectives of their implementation. A list of requirements has been determined that these elements of the system for assessing the use of the guard formations must meet. Was further developed the well-known approach to the formation of indicators and criteria for assessing the effectiveness of the use of troops (forces). The corresponding sequence of steps is provided in the form of a methodology for forming indicators and criteria for the effectiveness of the use of battalion task forces of the National Guard of Ukraine for participation in stabilization actions.
ПІДХІД ДО ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ПРІОРИТЕТНИХ ФОРМ ВЗАЄМОДІЇ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ГВАРДІЇ УКРАЇНИ ІЗ СИЛАМИ БЕЗПЕКИ І ОБОРОНИ В СТАБІЛІЗАЦІЙНІЙ ОПЕРАЦІЇ
Authors:   National academy of hte National Guard of Ukraine, Hodlevskyi Serhii , Danko Vitalii ,   National Academy of the National Guard of Ukraine
Published: January 2025

Taking into account the experience of conducting stabilization actions (operations) both on the territory of Ukraine and in other countries, as well as the requirements of current domestic regulatory documents, an approach has been proposed to determine the priority forms of interaction between the National Guard of Ukraine and security and defense forces in a stabilization operation. An example of the use of the developed approach is provided, and a variant of the priority forms of organizing interaction at the operational level is determined.
The proposed approach allows for a comprehensive solution to the tasks of determining the priority forms of interaction at various levels of command. It takes into account the results of a SWOT analysis, the decomposition of tasks related to conducting a stabilization operation, as well as the specific characteristics of the interacting entities, considering their administrative-legal status, capabilities, and nature of activities.
КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНИЙ ПІДХІД ДО ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ НАПРЯМІВ МІНІМІЗАЦІЇ АГРЕСИВНОГО ВПЛИВУ РОСІЙСЬКОЇ ФЕДЕРАЦІЇ НА ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНІ ОБ’ЄКТИ КРИТИЧНОЇ ІНФРАСТРУКТУРИ УКРАЇНИ
Authors:   Military Academy (Odesa), Kovalchuk Andrii
Published: January 2025

The problem of the lack of a systematic approach to assessing the threats and consequences of attacks on Ukraine's critical infrastructure is investigated. A new methodological approach to evaluating aggressive influence on critical infrastructure objects is proposed in the form of a generalized verbal model of the response of critical infrastructure systems to aggression on the example of energy objects. Two trends for minimizing the effects of aggressive influence on the critical infrastructure system are considered: adaptation of the system to the conditions of aggression and active influence on the means of aggression (direct fire impact). The proposals for overcoming the energy crisis are presented and the necessity of a comprehensive approach to ensuring the resilience of critical infrastructure is substantiated.
ПРОПАГАНДA ЯК ФАКТОР ВПЛИВУ НА ФОРМУВАННЯ МАСОВОЇ ТА КОЛЕКТИВНОЇ СВІДОМОСТІ ВІЙСЬКОВОСЛУЖБОВЦІВ
Authors:   National academy of hte National Guard of Ukraine, Lysychkina Iryna , Lysychkina Olha ,   National Academy of the National Guard of Ukraine
Published: January 2025

The role of propaganda in shaping military personnel's mass and collective consciousness has been researched. The concept of propaganda has been examined, and main differences have been defined in the impact of propaganda on mass and collective consciousness. The specificity of propagandistic influence in the military environment and the methods of "friendly" and "enemy" propaganda have been analysed, the methods of "friendly" propaganda aiming at boosting the morale of military personnel, and "enemy" propaganda aiming at destabilization and demoralization. The authors emphasize the importance of critical thinking as a key factor in forming military personnel's resistance to propaganda. The article proposes a comprehensive approach to countering "enemy" propaganda. It highlights the necessity of adhering to ethical principles when using propaganda, especially in democratic societies, and the importance of balancing between supporting morale and the right to objective information.
СУТНІСТЬ ТА ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПРОТИДІЇ ЕКОНОМІЧНИМ ЗАГРОЗАМ У СФЕРІ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ СИЛ БЕЗПЕКИ
Authors:   Institute of Public Administration and Scientific Research on Civil Defense, Tykhonenko Oleh
Published: January 2025

The article highlights the issue of studying the essence and peculiarities of countering economic threats in the sphere of functioning of security forces. The terminology of the concept of economic security is considered. The main directions of combating economic crime are substantiated. The issues of reforming law enforcement agencies in the field of combating economic crime and the abolition of the Bureau of Economic Security are studied. The main measures to counteract economic threats in the sphere of functioning of the state security forces are formed. The directions of further scientific research are provided, which are the development of promising mechanisms that will combine operational and investigative measures with preventive ones.
ЗАГРОЗИ ДЕРЖАВНІЙ БЕЗПЕЦІ УКРАЇНИ В ІНФОРМАЦІЙНІЙ СФЕРІ У РЕАЛІЯХ РОСІЙСЬКО-УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ВІЙНИ
Authors:   Polissia National University, Chernysh Roman , Piroh Oleksandr ,   State University of Zhytomyr Polytechnic, Hrushevska Polina ,   Polissia National University
Published: January 2025

The article formulates the concept of "threats to the State security of Ukraine in the information sphere", identifies these threats in the realities of the russian-ukrainian war. It is stated that the information security system as a component of the state security system is generally characterised by appropriate forces and means. At the same time, the author focuses on the main areas of activity of state bodies (including law enforcement and special bodies) for effective ensuring of the state security of Ukraine in the information sphere.
Cultural Memory and Identity in Motion: Analyzing the Performance Characteristics of Yellow Mud Drum Dance
Authors: Fu Anke , Jirajarupat Phakamas
Published: January 2025

The Yellow Mud Drum Dance is deeply rooted in the ritual customs of the Yao people, functioning both as a repository of cultural memory and a dynamic expression of collective identity. This study explores the performance characteristics of the Yellow Mud Drum Dance, a traditional Yao ritual, within the broader context of cultural preservation and adaptation. Based on fieldwork conducted in Jinxiu, Guangxi, China, this study employed qualitative research methods, including participant observation, interviews with local practitioners, and performance analysis, to examine the choreography, music, and spatial arrangements of the dance. The results indicate that these elements play a critical role in enhancing community cohesion and fostering emotional resonance among participants. As the Yellow Mud Drum Dance transitions from ritual spaces to modern performance venues, its evolution preserves core symbolic elements while demonstrating the resilience and adaptability of traditional cultural expression in the face of modernization and globalization. This study underscores the importance of preserving such performative cultures, while also allowing room for innovation to ensure they continue to play a meaningful role in contemporary society.
VILDAGLIPTIN IMPROVES DETRUSOR CONTRACTILITY IN A MOUSE MODEL OF CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE-INDUCED OVERACTIVE BLADDER
Authors: Engin Seçkin , Barut Elif Nur , İsmailoğlu Karaca Merve , Yanık Melis Nazlı
Published: January 2025

Objective: Overactive bladder (OAB) is a common urological disorder associated with detrusor overactivity linked to local tissue inflammation resulting in bladder hypersensitivity. The present study was aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of vildagliptin (VIL), an anti-diabetic drug with anti-inflammatory effects, in a mouse model of cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced OAB.
Material and Method: To induce an animal model of OAB, female Balb/c mice were intraperitoneally (i.p) injected with CP (80 mg/kg) every two days for 7 days. Then, mice were orally treated with saline (OAB model), VIL (10 or 50 mg/kg/day) or solifenacin (10 mg/kg/day) for 7 consecutive days. On the 17th day of experiment, organ-bath experiments were performed using isolated mouse detrusor muscle to evaluate tissue contractility. In another set of mice, bladder inflammation was assessed by Evans blue extravasation.
Result and Discussion: Carbachol-induced contraction of detrusor strips significantly increased in OAB mice, which was reversed by treatment with VIL at 50 mg/kg or solifenacin. In addition, VIL treatment (50 mg/kg) reduced relative bladder weight and Evans blue dye extravasation into the bladders in CP-injected mice, demonstrating the inhibitory effect of VIL on CP-induced bladder inflammation. Our results showed that VIL ameliorated detrusor overactivity in a mouse model of CP-induced OAB by partially suppressing bladder inflammation.
Carried Couples Participation in Online Business: A Study of Harmonious Family Formation
Authors: Nawa Azkiya Rahima
Published: January 2025

The high divorce rate in Indonesia indicates a lack of harmony in the household. Divorce is motivated by various factors, the highest factor at this time is the dispute and quarrel factor and economic factors. This qualitative study includes field research (Field Research), data collection techniques with interviews, and documentation of women as housewives and online business owners in the Pujut sub-district, Central Lombok district, West Nusa Tenggara. The results showed that online business provides many positive impacts for housewives in the Pujut sub-district of Central Lombok, such as increasing income for daily needs, adding relationships and insights about business, reducing boredom, becoming more independent, and good time and financial management.  In addition, the housewives also receive support from their spouses and families which has a big impact on their business, helping each other, participatory cooperation, fairness, and mutual benefit in developing the company so that it still exists today. This is in line with the principle of Mubadala, which emphasizes partnership or equality between men and women in life, especially family life.
The role of public policy in the process of law-making: modern understanding
Authors: Kukuruz Oksana Volodymyrivna
Published: January 2025

The article provides the scientists’ understanding of the relationship between politics and law-making. It is noted that a significant contribution to the development of this topic was made by Polish scientists, most of whom refer to L. Petrażycki’s concept of «policy of law», and especially its type — «policy of law-making». Models of the relationship between politics and law-making are mentioned (E. Kustra, S. Wronkowska), the stages of law-making in close connection with political decisions (L. Leszczyński, T. Biernat). Attention was drawn to the fact that the political regime is the factor that influences all phenomena and processes in the country and their understanding. An objective researcher, describing the model of the relationship between politics and law, including between public policy and law-making, must remember and indicate the political regime under which these phenomena function. The European Union documents aimed at better regulation were analyzed — the Working Documents of the European Commission dated May 19, 2015 and November 3, 2021, the Interinstitutional Agreement between the European Parliament, the Council of the European Union and the European Commission on Better Law-making. The provision on the interdependence of public policy and law-making is singled out. The role of public policy in the process of law-making is defined as the main one — public (state) policy, being formed within the framework of current legislation (positive law), determines strategic programs for the development of the country in general and certain spheres of society in particular, on the basis of which new legal acts are developed or changes are made to existing legal acts. The Law of Ukraine «On Law-Making Activity» was analyzed, which recorded the importance of public policy documents for law-making. It was found that the term «public policy» is mentioned, but there is no definition of it in the «legislative terminology» section, which is posted on the official web portal of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. It was emphasized that at the practical level we should know and implement the principles and recommendations of the European Union regarding better law-making, at the theoretical level — with the help of an interdisciplinary approach, we should form a new paradigm for the study of the relationship and mutual influence of public policy and law-making.

Key words: politics, law, public policy, law-making, political regime, political decisions, European Union, better regulation.
Ecocide under the Criminal Code of Ukraine and criminal legislations of foreign countries
Authors: Brynzhanska Olga Vasylivna
Published: January 2025

The article exameans the foreign experience of regulating criminal responsibility for ecocide or an environmental crime similar in signs of characteristics and severity. Three models of the criminal law norms on causing damage to the natural environment, the nature and extent of which reaches the threshold of ecocide, are highlighted: 1) ecocide as a serious/ particularly serious crime against the international legal order, the signs of which are determined by an open list of acts (mass destruction, poisoning, other actions that led to an ecological disaster), a comprehensive list of objects of encroachment - flora and fauna, atmosphere, soil and water resources, signs of damage are defined as «ecological catastrophe». This model is represented by post-Soviet states of East Europe and Asia and it is based on prescriptions of the Model Criminal code of the CIS states, which recommended unified list of signs of ecocide for all CIS states; 2) ecocide as a qualified kind of the crime against the environment (pollution of ecosystems, violation of waste management rules, invasion of territories defined by law), which is characterized by an intentional form of guilt and serious and lasting damage, which definitions are based on the prescriptions of Protocol I relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts but also they are defined in the articles of the domestic criminal code (France, Ecuador); 3) ecocide as a crime against humanity without revealing the features of this term (Vietnam). It was concluded that in order to determine those examples of foreign experience, the borrowing of which would contribute to the improvement of the criminal legislation of Ukraine, it is firstly necessary to define the vision of ecocide as a crime against the environment, a crime against the international order, or humanity. The directive of the European Parliament and the European Council on the criminal law protection of the environment No. 2008/99/EC with further amendments to it in terms of the regulation of ecocide can serve as a reference point in this sphere.

Key words: ecocide, environment, mass destruction, environmental damage, serious and lasting damage.
The level of scientific research on the problem of the effectiveness of legislation in the works of Ukrainian legal teaching
Authors: Volokhov Oleksiy Sergiyovych
Published: January 2025

The creation of better and, therefore, effective legislation should take place with a clear understanding of what exactly constitutes its effectiveness and how to achieve its high level to obtain maximum benefits for the state and society. The Soviet theory of efficiency viewed law exclusively as a «means of managing society» and a tool for achieving the goals of the socialist state.

Domestic legal theorists quickly moved from attempts to adapt the outdated «Soviet heritage» of national jurisprudence to the needs of an independent state and focused attention on the development of a modern national legal system under the conditions of harmonization of national legislation to the standards of European Union legislation. This was facilitated by the active development of modern legal doctrines of various branches of law based on the concept of «people-centeredness».

Effective legislation is primarily considered a system consisting of high-quality laws that provide for proper law enforcement mechanisms and develop legal awareness among participants in legal relations. At the same time, there are still ongoing discussions around the definition of legislation effectiveness criteria and positive characteristics that determine the quality of legislation. Special attention in this aspect is also needed for the rules of the rulemaking technique and legal monitoring, which would ensure such quality and efficiency.

Key words: legislation, efficiency, European integration, rulemaking, quality of legislation, legal monitoring, state policy.
To the issue of defining the object and subject in scientific legal research
Authors: Dubov Gennady Oleksiyovych
Published: January 2025

The article analyzes the issue of defining the object and subject of a separate study, separate, primarily legal, sciences, the general characteristics of these concepts, as well as their role in the process of cognition. In addition, the author aims to analyze the latest trends based on the analysis of dissertation studies in legal disciplines in terms of the used approaches to defining their object and subject. The problem of the object and subject of both legal science and individual studies in this field is a complex issue that has both purely theoretical and practical-theoretical aspects.

The development of established approaches to its solution will allow to increase the systematicity of scientific knowledge and create conditions for its proper development, the absence of duplication of cognitive efforts regarding identical issues in the course of scientific research. Also, proper definition of the subject-object field of applying cognitive efforts is one of the prerequisites for conducting research of an interdisciplinary nature.

As evidenced by the analysis of the latest trends in the use of approaches to the definition of the subject and the object in the implementation of legal dissertation research, they are characterized by shortcomings, which primarily consist in the improper identification of the concepts of the subject of research and the subject of legal regulation, as well as the definition of legislation (and other similar phenomena) as concepts meaningfully included in social or legal relations.

Key words: object of research, subject of research, methodological approach, scientific legal research.
Criminal law policy of Ukraine in the field of combating violence and aggression in the context of war
Authors: Kvasha Roman Sergiyovych
Published: January 2025

Anti-criminal policy has its components, among which criminal law policy is the main one, because it is the criminal law that is the legal basis for countering crime. The evolution of the Russian-Ukrainian war from the so-called «hybrid» to «aggressive» was predictable and natural. The concept of aggressive war should occupy a prominent place in the criminal legislation of Ukraine, taking into account the various forms of waging modern wars, in particular those that Ukraine has faced — in a hybrid format. Hybrid warfare is a covert form of aggression. In the context of the war in Ukraine, it should be noted that aggression is not a concept synonymous with aggressive behavior (in the draft Criminal Code of Ukraine). Aggressive behavior at its core contains a biological factor, while aggression can be the result of purposeful actions aimed at inciting it in society and spreading hatred towards other social groups or states.

Violence and aggression are one of the most dangerous manifestations of violation of human rights, the provision of which is an imperative in the policy of every state that positions itself as a legal and social state. An act of violence is often associated with the manifestation of such a character trait as aggression.

Establishing criminal responsibility for stalking is a promising direction of criminal law policy of Ukraine. Such a norm is contained in the criminal codes of many states, and in the conditions of globalization and European aspirations, Ukraine should adopt the positive experience of European countries.

Domestic developers of the Criminal Code of Ukraine propose normalizing persecution as a crime against humanity. Whereas in the legislation of foreign countries, this is primarily an offense against personal freedom. Such a problem requires further scientific research. Currently, the wording of the article «Obsessive persecution of a person» is proposed, which should be placed in the current Criminal Code of Ukraine in Chapter II of the Special Part «Criminal Offenses Against the Life and Health of a Person», and in the future — according to the current Draft of the Criminal Code of Ukraine in Chapter 4.4 «Criminal offenses against personal freedom and human dignity».

Key words: criminal law policy, violence, aggression, aggressive war, persecution, personal freedom, tribunal, international law, criminalization, war, crimes against humanity, physical influence and psychological influence, threat, hybrid war, crimes against peace.
Regarding the question of types of law-making activity
Authors: Kleshchenko Natalia Oleksandrivna
Published: January 2025

The article analyzes types of law-making activity in the context of modern legal transformations. Definitive definitions of law-making activity are considered. It is a common point of view that law-making activity is one of the forms of state activity in the form of competent bodies, institutions and organizations, which are authorized in the cases provided for by law to prepare, issue or improve normative legal acts. It is noted that the presented definitions do not differ significantly from each other and indicate the purpose, content and types of this definition: 1) aims at the effective regulation of social relations by planning, developing, adopting, keeping records of regulatory and legal acts, as well as implementing their legal monitoring; 2) represents a system of organizational actions (procedures, rules); 3) it is a legally defined activity of entities specially authorized by the state.

The types of law-making activity are characterized depending on the subject of its implementation, in accordance with the Law «On Law-making Activity». It is noted that all types of law-making activity can be conditionally divided into two general vectors: 1) law-making is related to issues of war and martial law; 2) law-making is related to European integration processes in the country.

The first vector is characterized by the law-making activity of parliamentarians in the context of passing laws necessary to solve current issues, in particular the defense of the country, information security, and the functioning of the economy during the war. It is emphasized that thanks to the coordinated work of state authorities in the state, it was possible to adjust life in conditions that are far from normal, which is an extremely valuable experience, although it is given to us at too high a price. The main goal of the first vector of law-making activity is the task of finding a balance between the protection of one’s territories and economic support, and to reflect this properly in the law. With regard to the second vector, it should be emphasized that the Ukrainian authorities, as well as society, are fully mobilized around the implementation of the recommendations of the European Commission, which is necessary for the start of negotiations on accession, and on this way demonstrate an incredible pace of implementation of reforms. At the same time, it is necessary to realize the main thing — in addition to the harmonization of national legislation with the EU, it is necessary to achieve progress in the rule of law. And this issue is much more difficult to implement than bringing legislation to specifically prescribed norms.

Key words: law-making activity, types of law-making activity, subjects of law-making activity, harmonization of legislation, rule-making, European integration
The Prevalence and Intensity of Dental Diseases Among Workers with Dangerous Working Conditions, Depending on the Presence or Absence of Previous Oral Sanitation
Authors: Egorova Ya. S. , Olesov E. E. , Andreeva I. L. , Fazylova T. A. , Salagaev A. R.
Published: January 2025

Relevance: to substantiate programs for the prevention of dental diseases at nuclear industry enterprises with dangerous working conditions, comparative studies of the dental status of employees, depending on the presence or absence of previous oral sanitation, are relevant.

   The purpose of the study: clinical and radiological comparison of indicators of the dental status of nuclear power plant workers with hazardous working conditions (OT), depending on the presence or absence of previous oral sanitation.

   Materials and methods: 78 employees of the Kalinin nuclear power plant with dangerous working conditions in the key age group of 35–44 years, who underwent therapeutic and surgical sanitation of the oral cavity a year ago, were examined. For comparison, 69 workers with OT of an identical gender and age group who refused to sanitize the oral cavity during periodic medical examinations were examined. The sequence of clinical and radiological examination corresponded to the modified WHO Dental Status Assessment Map (1995).

   Results: the positive effect of oral sanitation due to the removal of destroyed teeth, treatment of caries and its complications, as well as periodontal diseases is to reduce the prevalence of signs of dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint by 52.5 %, non-carious offspring 22.7 %, diseases of the oral mucosa 24.1 %, periodontal diseases 6.0 %. As a result of sanitation, the detection of poor oral hygiene is reduced by 54.7 %. The intensity of caries and periodontal diseases a year after sanitation is 12.8 and 27.8 % lower in comparison with workers with an unsanitized oral cavity. After rehabilitation, the prevalence of orthopedic treatment increases by 43.4 %.

   Conclusions: oral sanitation significantly improves the basic indicators of dental status for workers with dangerous working conditions at nuclear power plants. The positive effect of oral sanitation is largely preserved after a year in comparison with non-sanitized workers. Oral sanitation at the age of 35–44 years does not affect the prevalence of caries.
Evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of a complex herbal remedy for the prevention of inflammatory diseases of the oral cavity
Authors: Panov S. N. , Razumova S. N. , Marakhova A. I. , Brago A. S.
Published: January 2025

The article presents the results of testing the herbal-based mouthwash «Art-Dentale Expert» for compliance with regulatory requirements, including safety analysis, packaging, and labeling.

   The study aimed to evaluate the mouthwash’s safety and consumer satisfaction through a questionnaire survey.

   Findings. The «Art-Dentale Expert» mouthwash complies with the standards TRCU 009/2011 «On the Safety of Perfumery and Cosmetic Products». A survey of 70 patients with mild chronic generalized periodontitis showed significant reductions in gum bleeding and good tolerability of the product. However, 34 % of respondents expressed dissatisfaction with the need to dilute solution the mouthwash before use.

   Conclusions. The product meets various regulatory standards, including requirements for appearance, pH, toxic element content, microbial safety, packaging, and labeling. It can be recommended for use in the comprehensive treatment of chronic generalized periodontitis. Positive attributes noted by respondents included taste (87.14 %), smell (63.16 %), a pleasant feeling after use (92.86 %), gum recovery (90 %), reduction in gum bleeding (100 %), tolerability (97.14 %), and rapid therapeutic effects (72.86 %). No adverse effects were reported, but the dilution requirement was a notable drawback for some users.
Enhancing time availability for milk processing using thermal oil as solar heat reservoir
Authors: Sain Mukul , Sharma Amandeep
Published: January 2025

India is a world leader in milk production, with an annual production of 230.6 MT. Only 30 percent of milk is currently handled in the organized sector. A cheap source of reliable energy is needed to shift the unorganized sector to an organized sector, as dairy operations are energy-intensive. Solar energy is renewable, inexhaustible, promising, and abundantly available in India. In the literature, it was found that dairy operations such as sterilization of milk can be done using solar energy. However, the limited sunshine hours make it possible to handle only a limited quantity of milk day-to-day. This paper aims to discuss the performance evaluation of a solar heat reservoir to enhance the operational hours during the daytime when solar radiation is insufficient to provide the required energy to carry out the operations. It was found that by using the designed thermal reservoir, the working hours for milk processing were enhanced by 25 to 50 percent, depending on the ambient solar conditions.
Effect of inulin addition on the sensory attributes of dairy beverage (Rab)
Authors: Shams Zahara Ali , Wadhawan Nikita , Chandalia Karun
Published: January 2025

Being a traditional part of Rajasthani cuisine, Rab is widely consumed and relished for its taste. Inulin (prebiotic) has been proven beneficial for gut health. The addition of inulin in Rab results in a superfood; containing characteristics of traditional as well as functional beverages. The investigation was performed to prepare and standardize pearl millet (PM) and horse gram dal (HGD) Rab with the inulin. The inulin was added at 0%, 1%, 3%, and 5% rates and let ferment for 6-7h, at 350C. All the fermented treatments were stored at 40C. All treatments were evaluated for sensory characteristics. All treatments were tested for sensory characteristics including color, consistency, taste and flavor, mouthfeel, aftertaste, and overall acceptability on the Nine-point Hedonic scale and obtained scores above 7 points. It was concluded that the inclusion of inulin significantly improved the sensory characteristics of the functional beverage.
Modelling and Optimizing Buttermilk Concentration and Coagulation Temperature for Paneer Production
Authors: Chaudhary Gaurav , Salaria Ameeta , Vekariya Yogeshkumar V. , Arora Shalini , Singh A.K.
Published: January 2025

This study explores the utilization of buttermilk, a significant by product of butter manufacture, in the production of paneer, a heat and acid-coagulated dairy product. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to investigate the impact of buttermilk addition (7.5-25.00%) and coagulation temperature (70-85°C) on various compositional parameters of paneer. The paneer yield ranged from 16% to 21%, while total solids, fat, protein, and lactose content varied from 40.5% to50.5%, 21.0% to 32.5%, 10.1% to 18.8%, and 1.9% to 2.8%,respectively, at different buttermilk levels. Through optimization, it was found that replacing 13.99% of milk with buttermilk and coagulating at 85°C resulted in the production of paneer with enhanced nutritional quality. This study demonstrates an innovative and sustainable approach to improving the value of buttermilk and obtaining high-quality paneer with desirable nutritional attributes.
Optimum model for prediction of daughters pregnancy rate in Holstein Friesian crossbred cattle of Kerala, India
Authors: Valsalan Jamuna , Sadan Tina , Anilkumar Kulangara , Aravindakshan TV
Published: January 2025

To improve the overall performances of dairy cattle, fertility should be given due weightage along with milk yield inbreeding programmes. The study was initiated to genetic evaluate the crossbred cattle of Kerala based on fertility traits especially daughters pregnancy rate (DPR). An optimum model for the prediction of DPR based on standardized Voluntary Waiting Period(VWP) has been developed. Data pertaining to 1180 crossbred cattle sired by 208 Frieswal bulls, spread over a period of 17years from 2003 to 2020, maintained at different farms of Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University and field centres of ICAR- Field Progeny Testing Scheme were analysed in the study. VWP is standardized as 55 days as cattle inseminated during 55-63 days after calving had highest milk yield and pregnancy rate. Average DPR in the study was estimated as 0.34 ± 0.01 with coefficient of variation 74.61%. Low heritability (0.092) for DPR was observed compared to 305 days milk yield (MY) (0.170) and AFC (0.172). It also showed unfavourable genetic correlation with MY(-0.119). Seven simple and multiple regression models were developed using all possible combinations of age at first calving (AFC), service period (SP) and milk yield per day of lactation (MY/LL) for the prediction of DPR. It was observed that model containing only SP as independent variable fulfilled four criteria’s viz. highest R2, minimum mean sum of squares due to error (MSSe), lowest Aaike information criterion (AIC),Bayesian information criterion (BIC) values and the optimum model developed was DPR = 0.002(309-SP). The study standardized VWP and developed an optimum model for prediction of DPR in crossbred cattle also emphasis the importance of fertility in genetic evaluation and selection criteria of dairy cattle.
Anionic mixture supplementation and their impact on hemato-biochemical parameters and post-partum performance of buffaloes under field conditions
Authors: Singh Sohan Vir , Kumar Gaurav , . Rajkumar
Published: January 2025

In order to demonstrate the beneficial effect of anionic mixture supplementation to the famers, advanced pregnant (nine months) Murrah buffaloes were selected from adopted village(Kathura, Distt. Sonipat) under Farmer FIRST project. Experimental animals were supplementing anionic mixture(@100gm/day/head) from 21 days before expected date of parturition. Blood samples were collected from the control and experimental group of animals at the start of supplementation of the anionic mixture and after 21 days of parturition. Blood samples were analyzed for hematological and biochemical parameters. Experimental animals were also monitored for the udder development, milk fever, retention of placenta and body condition. The overall mean values of liver enzymes i.e. ALT, AST were numerically lower while the mean values of total protein, Albumin, Globulin, Triglyceride and Potassium were higher during postpartum compared to prepartum period in supplemented thancontrol group. The overall mean values of hematologicalparameters (Hb and PCV) were found significantly (P<0.05) higherin supplemented group than control group during postpartum, whereas no significant difference was observed in RBC and WBCconcentration among control and treatment group. Based on the farmer’s feedback and physical observations, the development of the udder size was more prominent in supplemented group than control. No case of milk fever was observed in supplemented group of buffaloes. Timely expulsion of placenta was significantly(P<0.05) higher in supplemented group of buffaloes than control. Significantly (P<0.05) higher milk yield was recorded in supplemented group of buffaloes than control. Glossy skin, shiny hair coat and increase in resistance of diseases were also reported in treatment group of buffaloes. Based on the results of the study, it can be stated that supplementation of anionic mixture is helpful in improving the health and reproductive status of buffaloes.