bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Subaortic Stenosis Resection in Children: Emphasis on Recurrence and the Fate of the Aortic Valve
Authors: Mukadam Shireen , Gordon Brent M. , Olson Jeffrey T. , Newcombe Jennifer B. , Hasaniya Nahidh W. , Razzouk Anees J. , Bailey Leonard L.
Published: August 2018

Background:

Recurrence after surgical resection of discrete subvalvar aortic stenosis in children often requires repeat operation. Risk factors for recurrence are poorly understood. We sought to determine potential risk factors for recurrence and postoperative comorbidities in the long term.

Methods:

Retrospective chart review was performed on all pediatric patients who underwent surgical resection of discrete subaortic stenosis at our institution. Demographics, perioperative findings, and clinical data were analyzed for predisposing factors.

Results:

From 1991 to 2015, a total of 104 patients underwent primary surgical resection of discrete subaortic stenosis. There were no postoperative deaths. Three (2.9%) patients required pacemaker implantation. Nine (8.4%) patients required repeat resection for recurrence of subaortic membrane over a median follow-up of 8.5 years (interquartile range: 5.9-13.5 years). Actuarial freedom from repeat resection was 100%, 94%, and 82% at one, five, and ten years, respectively. Repeat resection occurred more frequently in patients with genetic disease (37.5% vs 10.7%; P = .033) and preoperative mitral regurgitation (MR; 25% vs 1.2%; P < .001). Postoperative aortic insufficiency (AI) that was moderate or worse was associated with older age at the time of first resection (relative risk [RR]: 1.54, P < .05), moderate or severe preoperative AI (RR: 1.84, P = .002), and repeat resection of subaortic stenosis (RR: 1.90, P < .001).

Conclusion:

The majority of children who undergo surgical resection of subaortic stenosis will not experience recurrence in childhood and those who do require repeat resection may have a higher incidence of genetic disease and preoperative MR. Postoperative AI is associated with repeat resection, older age at the time of surgery, and degree of preoperative AI.
Bovine Jugular Vein Conduit: A Mid- to Long-Term Institutional Review
Authors: Patel Parth M. , Tan Corinne , Srivastava Nayan , Herrmann Jeremy L. , Rodefeld Mark D. , Turrentine Mark W. , Brown John W.
Published: August 2018

Background:

Since 1999, we have used the bovine jugular vein conduit for right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction in infants and children. Herein, we review their mid- to long-term outcomes.

Methods:

Between 1999 and 2016, 315 bovine jugular vein conduits were implanted in 276 patients. Patients were grouped by age at bovine jugular vein conduit implant: group 1: 0 to 1 years (N = 65), group 2: one to ten years (N = 132), and group 3: older than ten years (N = 118). For survival and hemodynamic analysis, additional group stratification was done based on conduit size. Group small: 12 and 14 mm (N = 75), group medium: 16 and 18 mm (N = 84), and group large: 20 and 22 mm (N = 156).

Results:

Mean follow-up for groups 1, 2, and 3 was 4.0, 4.9, and 5.9 years, respectively. Early mortality was 9%, 0%, and 1% for groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively ( P < .001). Late mortality was 5%, 2%, and 2% for groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively ( P = .337). Group 1 had the lowest ten-year freedom from conduit failure at 13%, versus 53% and 69% for groups 2 and 3, respectively ( P < .001). A total of 21 (6.6%) patients developed endocarditis, 11 (3.5%) patients required reoperation, and 10 (3.2%) patients required antibiotic therapy alone.

Conclusions:

The bovine jugular vein conduit is a useful option for right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction given its easy implantability and acceptable midterm durability.
Risk Factors for Survival After Heart Transplantation in Children and Young Adults: A 22-Year Study of 179 Transplants
Authors: Shah Shawn , Asante-Korang Alfred , Ghazarian Sharon R. , Stapleton Gary , Herbert Carrie , Decker Jamie , Almodovar Melvin C. , Karl Tom R. , Do Nhue L. , Quintessenza James A. , Mavroudis Constantine , Vricella Luca A. , van Gelder Hugh M. , Kartha Vyas , Alexander Plato , Carapellucci Jennifer , Krasnopero Diane , Hanson Jade , Amankwah Ernest , Roth Joeli , Jacobs Jeffrey P.
Published: August 2018

Background:

This article reviews all patients who underwent heart transplantation (HTx) within a single institution (172 patients underwent 179 HTx [167 first-time HTxs, 10 second HTxs, 2 third HTxs]) to describe diagnostic characteristics, management protocols, and risk factors for mortality.

Methods:

Descriptive analysis was performed for the entire cohort using mean, standard deviation, median, interquartile range, and overall range, as appropriate. Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were performed to identify prognostic factors for outcomes over time. The primary outcome of interest was mortality, which was modeled by Kaplan-Meier analysis.

Results:

Median age at HTx was 263 days (range, 5 days to 24 years; mean = 4.63 ± 5.95 years; 18 neonates, 79 infants). Median weight at HTx was 7.5 kg (range, 2.2-113 kg; mean = 19.36 ± 23.54). Diagnostic categories were cardiomyopathy (n = 62), primary transplantation for hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) or HLHS-related malformation (n = 33), transplantation after cardiac surgery for HLHS or HLHS-related malformation (n = 17), non-HLHS congenital heart disease (n = 55), and retransplant (n = 12). Operative mortality was 10.1% (18 patients). Cumulative total follow-up is 1,355 years. Late mortality was 18.4% (33 patients). Overall Kaplan-Meier five-year survival was 76.2%. One hundred twenty-one patients are alive with a mean follow-up of 7.61 ± 6.46 years. No survival differences were seen among the five diagnostic subgroups ( P = .064) or between immunosensitized patients (n = 31) and nonimmunosensitized patients (n = 141; P = .422).

Conclusions:

Excellent results are expected for children undergoing HTx with comparable results among diagnostic groups. Pretransplant mechanical circulatory support and posttransplant mechanical circulatory support are risk factors for decreased survival. Survival after transplantation for HLHS or HLHS-related malformation is better with primary HTx in comparison to HTx after prior cardiac surgery.
Off the Courts: Occupational “Tennis Leg”
Authors: Domeracki Sandra J. , Landman Zachary , Blanc Paul D. , Guntur Sandeep
Published: August 2018

Objective: Injury to the gastrocnemius muscle (tennis leg) is a presenting complaint often associated with athletic pursuits. Despite that label, this form of injury is likely to be common to a variety of salaried and nonsalaried pursuits beyond sports. Method: We describe the presentation and management of two cases of “tennis leg” injury occurring in an occupational rather than athletic setting and review the relevant medical literature. Results: Partial tears of the medial insertion of the gastrocnemius tendon were documented in both cases, in the first through magnetic resonance imaging and in the second by ultrasound. Conclusion: Rupture of the tendon to the medial head of the gastrocnemius, the so-called “tennis leg” injury, should be considered as potentially work-related trauma, rather than taken to be solely a sports injury.
Do Organizational Personification and Personality Matter? The Effect of Interaction and Conversational Tone on Relationship Quality in Social Media
Authors: Sung Kang Hoon , Kim Sora
Published: August 2018

The current study reveals that an organization can increase its personification and personality dimensions on social networking sites by adopting an interpersonal approach of communication (i.e., increased interaction, conversational tone). This personification of the organization led to an increased perceived relationship investment, eventually leading to an increased perceived relationship quality toward the organization. Five personality dimensions were examined, and of these the sincerity dimension mediated the influence of personification on perceived relationship investment. This finding suggests that sincerity might be an important dimension for organization-public relationship building.
AMACE: agent based multi-criterions adaptation in cloud environment
Authors: Kemchi Sofiane , Zitouni Abdelhafid , Djoudi Mahieddine
Published: August 2018

Efficient resource management in dynamic cloud computing is receiving more and more attentions. Many works are still ongoing, since federated cloud computing is an open environment. We present in this paper a flexible model, new cloud operators can join the federation or leave it. The model integrates interactions between broker agents organization, permitting a multi-criterion migration of a submitted customer request. To implement the presented flexible model, we propose AMACE (agent based multi-criterions adaptation in cloud environment) a run-time self-adaptive approach, oriented agent in dynamic cloud federation environment. The proposed approach is multi-criterion, where a various and no limited number of parameters can be considered during the self-adaptation strategy (i.e. computing the load balance of the mediator agent and geographical distance “network delay” between the customer and provider…). In addition, AMACE cares about maintaining run-time coherence in optimization evolution in order to guarantee a coherent system at all moment during system execution.
Fast plane-wave reverse time migration
Authors: Wang Xiongwen , Ji Xu , Liu Hongwei , Luo Yi
Published: August 2018

Plane-wave reverse time migration (RTM) could potentially provide quick subsurface images by migrating fewer plane-wave gathers than shot gathers. However, the time delay between the first and the last excitation sources in the plane-wave source largely increases the computation cost and decreases the practical value of this method. Although the time delay problem is easily overcome by periodical phase shifting in the frequency domain for one-way wave-equation migration, it remains a challenge for time-domain RTM. We have developed a novel method, referred as to fast plane-wave RTM (FP-RTM), to eliminate unnecessary computation burden and significantly reduce the computational cost. In the proposed FP-RTM, we assume that the Green’s function has finite-length support; thus, the plane-wave source function and its responding data can be wrapped periodically in the time domain. The wrapping length is the assumed total duration length of Green’s function. We also determine that only two period plane-wave source and data after the wrapping process are required for generating the outcome with adequate accuracy. Although the computation time for one plane-wave gather is twice as long as a normal shot gather migration, a large amount of computation cost is saved because the total number of plane-wave gathers to be migrated is usually much less than the total number of shot gathers. Our FP-RTM can be used to rapidly generate RTM images and plane-wave domain common-image gathers for velocity model building. The synthetic and field data examples are evaluated to validate the efficiency and accuracy of our method.
Discharge pathways and relapse following treatment from early intervention in psychosis services
Authors: Puntis Stephen , Oke Jason , Lennox Belinda
Published: August 2018

Background

Early intervention in psychosis (EIP) services are the dominant service model in the treatment of first-episode psychosis. They are a time-limited intervention and little is known about discharge destinations and outcomes once EIP treatment has concluded.

Aims

To understand discharge pathways and predictors of relapse in an EIP service.

Method

We collected data on all patients with an electronic health record treated by EIP services in Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust in the UK between 12 January 2006 and 7 March 2017 (n = 701). Our primary outcomes were discharge destination at end of treatment and relapse.

Results

Most patients (83.5%) were discharged to primary care. Transfer to secondary care was associated with previous in-patient admissions (odds ratio (OR) = 1.92, 95% CI 1.54–2.39) and longer EIP treatment (OR = 1.04, 95% CI 1.03–1.06). Relapse rate was highest shortly after leaving EIP services. Relapse was associated with transfer to secondary care (hazard ratio (HR) = 2.75, 95% CI 1.75–4.31), higher deprivation (HR = 1.03, 95% CI, 1.01–1.05), a substance misuse disorder (HR = 1.81, 95% CI 1.01–3.26) and a comorbid diagnosis of a personality disorder (HR = 2.96, 95% CI 1.39–6.29).

Conclusions

Most patients treated by the EIP service in Oxfordshire did not receive ongoing mental healthcare from secondary mental health services. We identified high deprivation and those with substance misuse problems or personality disorders as EIP populations with a high risk of relapse.

Declaration of interest

None.
Trauma-intrusive hallucinations and the dissociative state
Authors: Wearne Deborah , Curtis Guy , Choy Winston , Magtengaard Richard , Samuel Mathew , Melvill-Smith Peter
Published: August 2018

Background

Research has supported a model of dissociation mediating the experience of hearing voices in traumatised individuals.

Aims

To further understand this model by examining subtypes of the dissociative experience involved in trauma-intrusive hallucinations.

Method

The study involved four hospitals, 11 psychiatrists and 69 participants assessed using the Psychotic Symptoms Rating scale, the PTSD Symptoms Scale Interview and the Dissociative Subtype of PTSD Score

Results

In total, 59% (n = 41) of the participants heard voices and they were compared with the 41% (n = 28) who did not. The severity of PTSD symptoms did not predict experience of hearing voices. Regression analysis indicated that two scales of dissociation (derealisation/depersonalisation and loss of awareness) were equally good predictors of the extent of hearing voices. Adding other possible predictors (age of trauma <18, sexual violence) was relevant but did not enhance the prediction.

Conclusions

This research supports the proposal that trauma-intrusive voices are mediated by symptoms of dissociation. The supported model describes general, rather than trauma specific, symptoms of dissociation mediating the experience of hearing voices. The concept of anchoring is discussed and suggests a potential treatment strategy, which could be useful in the clinical management of hearing voices.

Declaration of interest

None.
Single-cell analysis of progenitor cell dynamics and lineage specification in the human fetal kidney
Authors: Menon Rajasree , Otto Edgar A. , Kokoruda Austin , Zhou Jian , Zhang Zidong , Yoon Euisik , Chen Yu-Chih , Troyanskaya Olga , Spence Jason R. , Kretzler Matthias , Cebrián Cristina
Published: August 2018

The mammalian kidney develops through reciprocal interactions between the ureteric bud and the metanephric mesenchyme to give rise to the entire collecting system and the nephrons. Most of our knowledge of the developmental regulators driving this process arises from the study of gene expression and functional genetics in mice and other animal models. In order to shed light on human kidney development, we have used single-cell transcriptomics to characterize gene expression in different cell populations, and to study individual cell dynamics and lineage trajectories during development. Single-cell transcriptome analyses of 6414 cells from five individual specimens identified 11 initial clusters of specific renal cell types as defined by their gene expression profile. Further subclustering identifies progenitors, and mature and intermediate stages of differentiation for several renal lineages. Other lineages identified include mesangium, stroma, endothelial and immune cells. Novel markers for these cell types were revealed in the analysis, as were components of key signaling pathways driving renal development in animal models. Altogether, we provide a comprehensive and dynamic gene expression profile of the developing human kidney at the single-cell level.
Tbx1 represses Mef2c gene expression and is correlated with histone 3 deacetylation of the anterior heart field enhancer
Authors: Pane Luna Simona , Fulcoli Filomena Gabriella , Cirino Andrea , Altomonte Alessandra , Ferrentino Rosa , Bilio Marchesa , Baldini Antonio
Published: August 2018

The TBX1 gene is haploinsufficient in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS), and genetic evidence from human patients and mouse models points to a major role of this gene in the pathogenesis of this syndrome. Tbx1 can activate and repress transcription, and previous work has shown that one of its functions is to negatively modulate cardiomyocyte differentiation. Tbx1 occupies the anterior heart field (AHF) enhancer of the Mef2c gene, which encodes a key cardiac differentiation transcription factor. Here, we show that increased dosage of Tbx1 correlates with downregulation of Mef2c expression and reduced acetylation of its AHF enhancer in cultured mouse myoblasts. Consistently, 22q11.2DS-derived and in vitro-differentiated human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) expressed higher levels of MEF2C and showed increased AHF acetylation, compared with hiPSCs from a healthy donor. Most importantly, we show that in mouse embryos, loss of Tbx1 enhances the expression of the Mef2c-AHF-Cre transgene in a specific region of the splanchnic mesoderm, and in a dosage-dependent manner, providing an in vivo correlate of our cell culture data. These results indicate that Tbx1 regulates the Mef2c AHF enhancer by inducing histone deacetylation.
O2 Pulse Patterns in Male Master Athletes with Normal and Abnormal Exercise Tests
Authors: VAN DE SANDE DANNY A. J. P. , SCHOOTS THIJS , HOOGSTEEN JAN , DOEVENDANS PIETER A. , KEMPS HARELD M. C.
Published: August 2018

Purpose

The clinical relevance of abnormal exercise testing (ET) results (at least 0.1 mV ST segment depression measured during exercise or recovery in three consecutive beats) in athletes without obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) is not well understood. It is unknown whether this phenomenon reflects a physiological adaptation to sport or a truly ischemic response and a concomitant attenuated stroke volume (SV) response. The aim of this study was to investigate if athletes with abnormal ET results without obstructive CAD showed signs of an attenuated SV response using cardiopulmonary ET parameters.

Methods

A total of 78 male master athletes with abnormal ET results without obstructive CAD underwent cardiopulmonary ET. ΔO2 pulse/Δwork rate (WR), ΔV˙O2/ΔWR, and Δheart rate (HR)/ΔWR were assessed and compared with data from 78 male master athletes with normal ET results, matched for age, sports characteristics, and exercise capacity.

Results

The ΔO2 pulse/ΔWR ratio beyond anaerobic threshold in athletes with abnormal ET results was lower than that in athletes with normal ET results (0.73 ± 0.41 vs 1.12 ± 0.54, respectively, P < 0.001). The ΔV˙O2/ΔWR ratio was also lower in athletes with abnormal ET results (0.9 ± 0.2 vs 1.0 ± 0.3, respectively, P = 0.041). Furthermore, these athletes showed a greater increase in HR in the last 2 min of exercise (ΔHR/ΔWR ratio: 1.19 ± 0.5 vs 0.80 ± 0.6, P < 0.001).

Conclusion

Athletes with abnormal ET results without obstructive CAD showed an attenuated O2 pulse slope, decreased ΔV˙O2/ΔWR ratio, and increased ΔHR/ΔWR ratio beyond anaerobic threshold when compared with athletes with a normal ET result. These results support the hypothesis that at least a part of the athletes with an abnormal ET in absence of obstructive CAD have an attenuated SV response at high-intensity exercise.
Walking Ground Reaction Force Post-ACL Reconstruction: Analysis of Time and Symptoms
Authors: PIETROSIMONE BRIAN , SEELEY MATTHEW K. , JOHNSTON CHRISTOPHER , PFEIFFER STEVEN J. , SPANG JEFFERY T. , BLACKBURN J. TROY
Published: August 2018

Purpose

The association between lower-extremity loading and clinically relevant knee symptoms at different time points after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is unclear. Vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) from walking was compared between individuals with and without clinically relevant knee symptoms in three cohorts: <12 months post-ACLR, 12–24 months post-ACLR, and >24 months post-ACLR.

Methods

One hundred twenty-eight individuals with unilateral ACLR were classified as symptomatic or asymptomatic, based on previously defined cutoff values for the Knee Osteoarthritis and Injury Outcome Score (<12 months post-ACLR [symptomaticn= 28, asymptomaticn= 24]; 12–24 months post-ACLR [symptomaticn= 15, asymptomaticn= 15], and >24 months post-ACLR [symptomatic,n= 13; asymptomatic,n= 33]). Vertical ground reaction force exerted on the ACLR limb was collected during walking gait, and functional analyses of variance were used to evaluate the effects of symptoms and time post-ACLR on vGRF throughout stance phase (α = 0.05).

Results

Symptomatic individuals, <12 months post-ACLR, demonstrated less vGRF during both vGRF peaks (i.e., weight acceptance and propulsion) and greater vGRF during midstance, compared to asymptomatic individuals. Vertical ground reaction force characteristics were not different between symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals for most of stance in individuals between 12 and 24 months post-ACLR. Symptomatic individuals who were >24 months post-ACLR, exhibited greater vGRF during both peaks, but lesser vGRF during midstance, compared to asymptomatic individuals.

Conclusion

Relative to asymptomatic individuals, symptomatic individuals are more likely to underload the ACLR limb early after ACLR (i.e., <12 months) during both vGRF peaks, but overload the ACLR limb, during both vGRF peaks, at later time points (i.e., >24 months). We propose these differences in lower-extremity loading during walking might have implications for long-term knee health, and should be considered when designing therapeutic interventions for individuals with an ACLR.
Recent advances in the understanding and treatment of pemphigus and pemphigoid
Authors: Yamagami Jun
Published: August 2018

Pemphigus and pemphigoid are characterized as autoimmune blistering diseases in which immunoglobulin G autoantibodies cause blisters and erosions of the skin or mucosa or both. Recently, understanding of the pathophysiology of pemphigus and pemphigoid has been furthered by genetic analyses, characterization of autoantibodies and autoreactive B cells, and elucidation of cell–cell adhesion between keratinocytes. For the management of pemphigus and pemphigoid, the administration of systemic corticosteroids still represents the standard treatment strategy; however, evidence of the efficacy of therapies not involving corticosteroids, such as those employing anti-CD20 antibodies, is increasing. The goal should be to develop antigen-specific immune suppression-based treatments.
Virologic failure and HIV drug resistance on simplified, dolutegravir-based maintenance therapy: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wandeler Gilles , Buzzi Marta , Anderegg Nanina , Sculier Delphine , Béguelin Charles , Egger Matthias , Calmy Alexandra
Published: August 2018

Background: Dolutegravir-containing maintenance therapy is a promising simplification strategy for virologically suppressed HIV-infected individuals. However, most of the available data to inform this strategy come from small, uncontrolled studies. We estimated the proportion of HIV-infected patients experiencing virological failure (VF) and developing drug resistance on dolutegravir (DTG)-based maintenance therapy.

Methods: We searched Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central, Web of Science, and conference abstracts for studies assessing VF on DTG-based maintenance therapy. Studies including ≥5 adults with an undetectable viral load on antiretroviral therapy (ART) who switched to a DTG-based mono- or dual therapy were included. Pooled proportions of VF were estimated using random-intercept logistic meta-regression and acquired drug resistance mutations described for each strategy.

Results: Of 1719 studies considered, 21 met our selection criteria, including seven interventional and 14 observational studies. Eight studies including 251 patients assessed VF on DTG monotherapy and fourteen studies including 1670 participants VF on dual therapy. The participant’s median age ranged from 43 to 63 years, their median nadir CD4 count from 90 to 399 cells/µl, and 27.6% were female. The proportion of participants experiencing VF on DTG-monotherapy was 3.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.9-6.7) at 24 weeks and 8.9% (95% CI 4.7-16.2) at 48 weeks. Resistance mutations developed in seven (3.6%) participants on DTG-monotherapy. Among patients on dual therapy, ten (0.7%, 95% CI 0.4-1.3) experienced VF by 48 weeks and none developed resistance to DTG. In adjusted analyses, VF at 24 weeks was less likely on dual therapy than on monotherapy (adjusted odds ratio: 0.10, 95% CI 0.03-0.30).

Conclusions: Whereas VF is relatively common on DTG maintenance monotherapy, DTG-based dual therapy appears to be a promising simplification strategy for individuals with a suppressed HIV viral load on triple-ART.
Typification of a Linnaean plant: Pterospermumacerifolium (Malvaceae), based on Johan Amman’s illustration
Authors: Shinde Rajendra D. , Singh Rajdeo , Prakash Ranee
Published: August 2018

The typification of the Linnaean name Pentapetes acerifolia (Malvaceae) is discussed. An illustration from Amman in Commentarii Academiae Scientiarum Imperialis Petropolitanae is designated as the lectotype.
Things We Do For No Reason: The Default Use of Hypotonic Maintenance Intravenous Fluids in Pediatrics
Authors: Hall Alan M. , Ayus Juan C. , Moritz Michael L.
Published: August 2018

The “Things We Do for No Reason” series reviews practices which have become common parts of hospital care but which may provide little value to our patients. Practices reviewed in the TWDFNR series do not represent “black and white” conclusions or clinical practice standards, but are meant as a starting place for research and active discussions among hospitalists and patients. We invite you to be part of that discussion.
Isolation and Characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria in Philippine Fermented Milkfish Chanos chanos-Rice Mixture (Burong Bangus)
Authors: Ann A. Arcales Julie , Algo L.Alolod Garner
Published: August 2018

Isolation and characterization of bacteria in food products are important to determine and distinguish the beneficial or harmful effects of microbiota in certain samples. Lactic acid bacteria in food products had long been associated to good factors as food preservatives and with added fermentation metabolites. This study isolated and characterized lactic acid bacteria from burong bangus. The culture and purification process of bacteria isolation resulted to 4 strains of lactic acid bacteria namely Enterococcus faecalis, Tetragenococcus muriaticus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subp. delbrueckii and Carnobacterium divergens. High enzymatic activity were observed with E. faecalis particularly on lipase and protease assay. While C. divergens have no enzymatic activity against lipase, protease, amylase and cellulase. The antimicrobial property of L. delbrueckii is only susceptible to amoxicillin unlike the other three bacteria isolates. No antagonistic activity were observed with the four bacterial strains against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The result of this study showed promising benefits to the industry especially in developing countries like the Philippines because population are not yet so aware of this organisms and the benefits that can be derived through their consumption.
Spray Pyrolysis Technique for the deposition of Lead Oxide (PbO) Thin Films; its Electrochemical behaviour and Structural and optical Properties
Authors: B Gite Anil , Patil G. E. , Jain G. H.
Published: August 2018

Thin film of Lead oxide (PbO) was prepared by spray pyrolysis technique on glass substrate at 250°C. The cyclic voltammetry measurement was carried out to study the oxidation reduction reactions of non-aqueous lead ions at various molar concentrations which is from 0.01M to 0.09M. Elecrochemical studies were carried out with Ag/AgCl as a reference electrode , Pt as working electrode while platinum mesh as counter electrode.Lead oxide appears to be poisonous yellow or reddish yellow solid. Structural characterization of films was analyze with X- ray diffraction (XRD) and optical band gap was determined by UV-Vis Spectroscopy.
Impervious Nature of Al2O3-PANI Composite Against Corrosion on Mild Steel in Strong Acidic Environment
Authors: Kamatchi Selvaraj P. , Sivakumar S. , Selvaraj S.
Published: August 2018

Solubility problem of composite in aqueous medium is resolved on adding Al2O3 during the oxidative polymerization of aniline using ammonium peroxydisulphate as an oxidant and sodium salt of dodecyl bezenesulphonic acid as surfactant and dopant at 273 K temperature. The yielded water soluble Al2O3-PANI composite is confirmed by comparing the FTIR, XRD and SEM recorded spectra with previously reported one. Gravimetric method exposes that the prepared composite is having confrontation against corrosion. Only a slight change in efficiency on continuous exposure up to eight hours is observed. OCP data are transformed in to potential graph to exposes the invincibility of the composite against corrosion. Measurement of potentiodynamic polarization and EIS studies also confirms the defiance against corrosion.
Synthesis and Characterization Of K2O/MCM-41 (Mobil Composition of Matter No. 41) from Lapindo Mud by Sonochemical Method for Transesterification Catalyst of Used Cooking Oil
Authors: Putra Wijaya Dwi , Trisunaryanti Wega , Kumala Dewi Triyono , Fajar Marsuki Muhammad
Published: August 2018

The MCM-41 was synthesized using CTAB as a template by sonochemical method and it was charactherized by FTIR, XRD, SAA, and TEM. Potasium was impregnated onto the MCM-41 using potasium acetate salt solution with K+ concentrations of 0.80, 1.35, 1.86, and 2.49 wt.% to produce K2O(1), K2O(2), K2O(3), and K2O(4)/MCM-41 catalysts. The K2O/MCM-41 catalysts were then analyzed by ICP and SAA. Acitivity of catalysts were evaluated in the transesterification reaction of used cooking oil at 50, 60, and 70°C for 120 min. The MCM-41 showed characteristic peaks of 2θ = 2-3°C. The TEM images showed ordered pore distribution with a hexagonal shape. The MCM-41 and K2O(4)/MCM-41 have spesific surface area of 1282.33 and 225.81 m2/g with pore diameter of 30.49 and 30.12 Å, respectively. The highest conversion of methyl ester was obtained from transesterification at 70°C using K2O(4)/MCM-41 catalyst and it was about 79.80 wt.%. Catalyst lifetime of the K2O(4)/MCM-41 for transesterification of used cooking oil was about 15.41 h.
Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of Mixed Ligand, Cobalt (II), Nickel (II), Manganese (II) Complexes of Tertiary Diphosphines with Dithizone (H2dz)
Authors: Ali Mohamad Hikmat
Published: August 2018

The one-pot synthesis reaction of one mole MCl2.nH2O, where M= Co(II), Ni(II), Mn(II) ,with one mole of 1,5-diphenylthiocarbazone (dithizone;H2dz), of 1,1-bis(diphenyl phosphine)ferrocene (dppf) and 1,2-bis(diphenyl phosphine) ethane (dppe) gave colored complexes of; [Co(Hdz)(k2-dppf)]Cl, [Ni(Hdz)(k2-dppf)]Cl, [Ni(Hdz)(k2-dppe)]Cl and [Mn(Hdz)(k2-dppf)]Cl. The synthesized complexes have been identified by using 1HNMR, IR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, micro elemental analysis and molar conductance. All complexes were tested for their anticancer activities on Human breast cancer cell line CAL5. The results showed that [Ni(Hdz)(k2-dppe)]Cl and[Mn(Hdz)(k2-dppf)]Cl have a highest activities than cisplatin in compared to; [Co(Hdz)(k2-dppf)]Cl, [Ni(Hdz)(k2-dppf)]Cl.
Studies of Distorted Octahedral Complexes of Cobalt, Nickel and Copper and Their Antibacterial Properties
Authors: Kumar Vijay , Kumar Singh Rajiv , Kumari Veena , Kumar Birendra , Sharma Shivadhar
Published: August 2018

The ligand, 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehydethiosemicarbazone has been prepared by the condensation of 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde and thiosemicarbazide. With the help of this ligand the complexes of Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) have been prepared with general formula [ML2X2] where X is secondary ligand, Cl–, NO3– and CH3COO–. The composition of complexes has been established by their microanalysis, while the metal contents have been determined gravimetrically and volumetrically. On the basis of IR spectra, the coordinating mode of ligand has been determined and has been found to have coordinated through azomethine nitrogen and thione sulphur. The magnetic moment of Co(II) complexes has been found between 4.96-4.72 B. M. The value is slightly higher than the μs value corresponding to three unpaired electrons (3.872 B.M). The increase in value may be attributed to orbital contribution from 4T1g ground state cubic term. The appearance of four bands in their electronic spectra is indicative of tetragonally distorted octahedral geometry of Co(II) complexes. The magnetic moment (3.20-3.30 B. M.) and appearance of 4 bands in the electronic spectra of Ni(II) complexes confirms the distorted octahedral geometry of the complexes. The magnetic moment of Cu(II) complexes has been determined to be (1.95-2.20 B. M.) which shows that Cu(II) complexes are magnetically dilute complexes. The appearance of three bands in their electronic spectra confirms John - Tellor distortion in octahedral symmetry of Cu(II) complexes. The various crystal field parameters exhibiting tetragonal distortion in the octahedral symmetry have also been derived. The positive value of Dt predicts tetragonal elongation in Oh symmetry.
Synthesis, Characterization, Fluorescence, Electrochemical, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic studies of Cobalt(II), Nickel(II) and Copper(II) Complexes with N-4-Methylphenyl (2,4-dihydroxyacetophenylideneimine)
Authors: Subbiah Amala , Sambamoorthy Santhi
Published: August 2018

N-4-Methylphenyl (2,4-dihydroxy acetophenylideneimine) (NMEPDHAPI) complexes of Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) have been synthesized and characterized. A study on their electrochemical, fluorescence and biological behaviour have also been performed. The complexes have been characterized on account of metal estimation studies, conductance behaviour, magnetic property, IR, UV-visible, EPR(Liquid nitrogen temperature) spectral studies and thermal analysis. The 1:2 metal : ligand complex formation is authenticated from the analytical data. Based on the various studies, the Co(II) complex has been recommended for octahedral geometry and a square planar geometry has been prompted for Cu(II) and Ni(II) complexes. The electro chemical property of the complexes have been studied by cyclic voltammetry. The Schiff base and its complexes have been scrutinized against bacterial and fungal pathogens. The complexes have been found to be more active than the Schiff base towards most of the pathogens studied. Invitro cytotoxicity of the copper complex of NMEPDHAPI has been screened against breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7). The IC50 value recommend that the copper complex has notable cytotoxicity against breast cancer cell line (MCF-7).
Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of Carbamate Derivatives of Isatin
Authors: Sattar Jabbar Sarrah
Published: August 2018

In search of novel antibacterial agent, a series of new isatin derivatives (3a-d) have been synthesized by condensation isatin (2,3-indolinendione) with piperidine (hexahydropyridine), hydrazine hydrate and Boc-amino acids respectively. Compounds synthesized have been characterized by IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. In addition, the in vitro antibacterial properties have been tested against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and Bacillus cereus, S. aureus by employing the well diffusion technique. A majority of the synthesized compounds were showing good antibacterial activity and from comparisons of the compounds, compound 3d has been determined to be the most active compound.
Adsorption of Phenol and Methylene Blue in Solution by Oil Palm Shell Activated Carbon Prepared by Chemical Activation
Authors: Buhani Buhani , Puspitarini Megafhit , Rahmawaty Rahmawaty , Suharso Suharso , Rilyanti Mita , Sumadi Sumadi
Published: August 2018

In this research, it has been performed carbon activation of oil palm shells (CAC) prepared by chemical treatment as adsorbents of phenol and methylene blue (MB) in solution either in the form of single or in pair solution. The activation of carbon from the oil palm shells was done physically at a temperature of 700°C for 1 hour continued with chemical activation using 10% H3PO4 for 24 hours. Identification of functional groups on the carbon from oil palm shell before and after chemically activated was performed using infrared spectrophotometer (IR) and analysis of its surface morphology was carried out using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The phenol and MB adsorption process was performed in single and binary systems using the batch method. The adsorption of phenol on CAC is optimum at pH 8 while MB at pH 11 with optimum contact time of 90 min for phenol and 120 min for MB respectively. The phenol and MB adsorption data on the CAC in the single system follow the pseudo-second-order kinetics model with the adsorption rate constant of 0.399 and 0.769 g mmol-1 min-1 respectively. The adsorption isotherms of phenol and MB in CAC tend to follow Freundlich adsorption isotherm pattern with the adsorption intensity factor (n) for phenol, MB, phenol/MB, and MB/phenol: 1.739, 1.341, 1.334, and 1.293 respectively. The adsorbent of CAC is effective to remove phenol and MB in solution, either in single or paired condition.
Thermodynamics of Ion Exchange Reaction in Predicting the Ionic Selectivity Behavior of UV Radiation Degraded Nuclear-grade and Non-nuclear Grade Resins
Authors: Narhari Patange Ashok
Published: August 2018

The study represents the evaluation of performance of structurally related resins DuoliteARA 9366 and Duolite A-378 exposed to UV radiations of wavelength λ=254nm and λ = 384nm for 24 h in a UV Chamber and equilibrated separately with iodide ion solutions of different concentrations between temperature of 30.0oC - 45.0oC for 5 h .the equilibrium constants (K) values for Cl-/I- reactions with temperature for DuoliteARA-9366 were decreases from 21.57 x 10-2 to 15.57 x 10-2 for resin degraded at UV radiation of 384nm was lower than the decrease in K values from 26.22 x 10-2 to 19.92 x10-2 observed for the resin degraded at UV radiation of wavelength λ=254nm. Similar results were obtained for DuoliteA378 .The UV degradation of the resin surfaces were recognized by SEM and IR. The high K and low enthalpy values obtained for DuoliteARA-9366 shows that DuoliteARA-9366 was more selective towards iodide ions in solution than DuoliteA-378.
Structural and Magnetic Investigations of Silica coated Cobalt- Ferrite Nanocomposites
Authors: Bansal Meenakshi , Aghamkar Praveen , Singh Ahlawat Dharamvir
Published: August 2018

Silica coated cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4:SiO2) nanocomposites were synthesized by co-precipitation technique using metal nitrates as precursors. The as-prepared sample has been further heat treated at 250°C, 500°C,750°C and 1000°C. Their structure and morphology related properties were desirably investigated by XRD, FTIR, TEM characterization techniques. Further, with the help of vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) the magnetic properties have been successfully analysed. Furthermore, the structure and magnetism related properties of these nanocomposites are also understood with heating effects. With increasing calcinations temperature, crystallite size of CoFe2O4:SiO2 nanocomposites was also found to increase. The room temperature magnetic measurements have shown a strong relation of saturation magnetization, retentivity and coercivity with annealing temperature.
Solid Dispersion of Usnic acid–HPMC 2910 Prepared by Spray drying and Freeze drying Techniques
Authors: Fitriani Lili , Afriyanti Irma , Afriyani Afriyani , Ismed Friardi , Zaini Erizal
Published: August 2018

Usnic acid is a dibenzofuran derivate produced by some lichens species primarily Usnea sp., that has several pharmacological activities. Based on Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS), usnic acid belongs to class II that has high permeability but low solubility. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to increase the solubility of usnic acid by preparing solid dispersions (SD) using hydrophilic polymer HPMC 2910. Usnic acid and HPMC at ratio 1:1 (w/w) were prepared for solid dispersion using spray drying and freeze drying techniques. Physical mixture at the same ratio was prepared as comparison. Characterization for intact materials, physical mixture and solid dispersions were done using powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infra-red (FT IR) spectroscopy, and solubility test. The result of PXRD showed a decrease of peak intensity for solid dispersions. Thermal properties of solid dispersions showed lower melting point compared to usnic acid and physical mixture. The morphology of solid dispersion depicted different shape compared to intact materials and physical mixture. The infra-red spectrum showed the slightly shift at wave numbers of functional groups but there was no new functional groups formed. The solubility of solid dispersions significantly increased, which the solubility test result were 55±0.023, 227±0.034, 567± 0.020, and 932±0.053 (μg/ml) for intact usnic acid, physical mixture, SD by spray drying and SD by freeze drying, respectively. In conclusion, solid dispersions of usnic acid – HPMC 2910 were able to modify physicochemical properties and increased the solubility.
Relationship Between MODIS-based Aerosol Optical Depth and PM10 over Sumatra to Overcome the Limitations of Air Quality Monitoring Data Availability
Authors: Syafrijon Syafrijon , Marzuki Marzuki , Emriadi Emriadi , Pratama Ridho
Published: August 2018

The present study uses the aerosol optical depth (AOD) obtained from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite as a proxy to estimate the surface particulate matter (PM) concentrations over Sumatra. The daily average PM10 data collected during 2015 from three air quality stations across Sumatra, i.e., Kototabang, Jambi and Pekanbaru, were analyzed. The 2015 Indonesian forest fire significantly increased the PM10 concentrations and MODIS AOD values. The ratios of the mean PM10 concentrations and AOD values during the peak forest fire period to those during the period of normal conditions varied from 6 to 9. MODIS AOD may be a good indicator of the near-surface PM10 concentrations over Sumatra, as the correlation coefficients of the linear regressions were 0.86 (Kototabang), 0.80 (Jambi), and 0.81 (Pekanbaru). The linear regression functions of PM10 and satellite-observed AOD can be used to estimate the surface PM10 concentrations, and the correlation coefficient is 0.84.
Studies on Photophysical Properties of Mono-carbonyl Curcumin Analogues: Experimental and Theoretical approach
Authors: Rayanal Manjula , Pralhad Pujar Prasad , D Sridhar
Published: August 2018

The solvatochromic fluorescence behaviour of mono-carbonyl curcumin analogues has been studied in ten different solvents ranging from non-polar to polar. The solvent effect on the spectral properties of analogues has been discussed. The ground state dipole moments were estimated experimentally by Bilot-Kawski equation which is a function of Stokes shift with the solvent polarity parameters and Guggenheim method and theoretically by TD-DFT studies. The excited state dipole moment was determined using Bilot-Kawski equations. The excited state dipole moments for the two molecules were found to be higher than their corresponding ground state dipole moments. Theoretically Frontier molecular orbital (HOMO/ LUMO) energies were determined by Gaussian 09 W software using TD-DFT.
Acoustic Properties of Sound Absorber from Modified Polyester with Filler Sodium Bicarbonate
Authors: Herlina Sari Nasmi , Fajrin Jauhar
Published: August 2018

The combination of low price, ease of manufacturing and waterproofing characteristics has placed polyester resin as a potential sound absorbent material. Previous studies showed that adding filler material to the blending may increase the acoustics properties of a sound absorbent material. This study aims to investigate the potential of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) to be employed as a filler to improve the acoustic properties of the sound absorber made of polyester resin. Two important acoustic parameters were carefully assessed; absorption coefficient and acoustic impedance. The results showed that the sound absorption performance increased significantly at low and medium frequencies in the presence of NaHCO3 filler in polyester resin. Meanwhile, the use of a back cavity on the absorbent material reduced the sound absorption performance of materials at low and medium frequencies. This suggests that sound absorber made of polyester with sodium bicarbonate filler may be used as an alternative for sound absorber materials.
The Synthesis and Evaluation of Vanillin derivatives as the Fruit Fly Attractant
Authors: Yunita Prabawati Susy , Iskandar Damayanti , Purwo Suci Liimroati
Published: August 2018

The present study was conducted to synthesize 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl-3-methoxy)-4-hydroxy-2-butanone, a compound with similar structure to cue lure [4-(4-Acetyoxyphenyl)-2-butanone], using vanillin as a started material. The synthesis process was completed in two steps. The first step was the condensation reaction of Claisen Smidth between vanillin and acetone on alkaline conditions to produce 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl-3-methoxy)-3-buten-2-one, and the second step was the hydration reaction using zeolite catalysts activated by HCl, to produce 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl-3-methoxy)-4-hydroxy-2-butanone. Characterization of the compounds was performed using IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The evaluation of 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl-3-methoxy)-4-hydroxy-2-butanone as fruit flies’ attractant was carried out in yard areas planted with guava and start fruit, in the Klidon village, Sukoharjo, Sleman Yogyakarta, with methyl eugenol as a standard. The observations were made for 24 hours. The synthesis product was obtained in the form of a white-orange solid with a melting point of 79-81ºC and 60% yield. The field test showed that 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl-3-methoxy)-4-hydroxy-2-butanone was potential as fruit flies’ attractant, indicated by the presence of lured fruit flies around the test location.
Characterizing Crystalline Chromium oxide Thin Film Growth by Sol-gel method on Glass Substrates
Authors: AL-Rashedi Khadher , Farooqui Mazahar , Rabbani Gulam
Published: August 2018

In this work, nano-crystalline chromium oxide (Cr2O3) thin film was synthesized using the Sol-gel method. The thin film was deposited on a glass substrate at 50°C by using chromium nitrate, methanol, ethanol, polyvinyl alcohol with a magnetic stirrer device and a hot plate. Each deposited thin film annealed in the microwave oven at 200°C. The structure of the prepared thin film was examined by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD). The Shearer formula was used to calculate the size of the film granules. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to study the surface morphology. UV-VIS measurement was also carried out to study optical properties of a sample by recording transmittance and reflectance data in the range 341-800 nm wavelength. All the tests confirmed the existence of a thin layer of Cr2O3 on the glass substrates.