bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pasteurella multocida mastitis in cow - case report
Authors: Milanov Dubravka , Aleksic Nevenka , Todorovic Dalibor , Bugarski Dejan
Published: September 2017

Pasteurella (P.) multocida is a heterogeneous species of Gram-negative bacteria which are common commensals of the upper respiratory system of various mammal and bird species, but are also opportunistic contagious zoonotic pathogens which cause a wide spectre of infections in domestic animals and humans. P. multocida is a rare cause of mastitis in dairy cows. The source of infection mainly remains unknown, mastitis usually is acute, and the therapy by intramammary administration of antibiotics does not lead to satisfactory results. Lethality is possible due to presence of endotoxins in blood. Literature data on P. multocida mastitis in dairy cows is particularly scarce, which is why such a case is described in the current work, with past medical history, clinical findings, laboratory diagnostics and therapeutic approach.
Integração de conhecimentos matemáticos nas aritméticas editadas para as escolas paroquiais luteranas do século XX no RS
 Integration of mathematical knowledge in the arithmetic edited to the lutheran parochial schools the 20TH century in RS
Authors: Kuhn Malcus Cassiano , Bayer Arno
Published: September 2017

ResumoO artigo tem por objetivo discutir a integração de conhecimentos matemáticos nas aritméticas editadas pela Igreja Luterana para suas escolas, no século XX no Rio Grande do Sul. O Sínodo de Missouri iniciou sua missão nas colônias alemãs gaúchas em 1900, fundando congregações religiosas e escolas paroquiais. Estas buscavam ensinar a língua materna, a matemática, valores culturais, sociais e religiosos. Baseando-se na história cultural, analisaram-se as aritméticas da série Ordem e Progresso e da série Concórdia, identificando-se a integração entre conhecimentos de aritmética; aritmética e geometria; aritmética, geometria e álgebra. Evidenciou-se a integração entre conhecimentos envolvendo números decimais e unidades de medida do sistema métrico.Abstract The article presents a historical study, based on the cultural history, that aims to discuss the integration of mathematical knowledge in the arithmetic edited by the Lutheran Church to their parochial schools of the 20th century in Rio Grande do Sul. The Lutheran parochial schools were inserted on a missionary and community project that sought to teach the mother tongue, mathematics, cultural, social and, mainly, religious values. It analyzed the arithmetic of the Order and Progress series and of the Concordia series, identifying the integration between knowledge of arithmetic; arithmetic and geometry; arithmetic, geometry and algebra. It evidenced the integration between knowledge involving decimals numbers and measure units of the metric system, contextualized with socio-cultural practices and the daily life of the students.
Um modelo teórico de Matemática para o Ensino do Conceito de Função a partir de realizações em livros didáticos
 A theoretical model of Mathematics for Teaching of the concept of function from realizations in textbooks
Authors: Santos Graça Luzia Dominguez , Barbosa Jonei Cerqueira
Published: September 2017

ResumoNesse estudo, construímos um modelo teórico de Matemática para o Ensino do Conceito de Função a partir de uma perspectiva discursiva. Utilizamos como fonte de dados para construção do modelo duas coleções de livros didáticos.  O modelo está estruturado em categorias de realizações (panoramas) do conceito de função, que foram sistematizados empregando como parâmetro a convergência das regras de reconhecimento e realização. Os panoramas que compõem o modelo são: tabular, diagrama, algébrico, gráfico, generalização de padrões e formal. O modelo construído explicita as formas de reconhecer, selecionar e produzir textos legítimos dentro de cada panorama, designando suas potencialidades e limitações comunicativas, podendo, desse modo, servir como quadro analítico para pesquisas sobre o ensino e a aprendizagem de função.AbstractIn this study, we build a theoretical model of mathematics for teaching of the concept of function from a discursive perspective. Two collections of textbooks were used as data source. The theoretical model is structured around the realizations of the concept of function identified in such textbooks categorized in which we call landscapes. By identifying recognition and realization rules, we were able to structure the landscapes. The following were found: tabular, diagram, algebraic, graphical, generalization of patterns and formal. The model explains how to recognize, select and produce legitimate texts within each landscape, as well as describing their communicative affordances and limitations. The result is expected to be used as framework for researches about teaching and learning function.
A contextualização no ensino de matemática: concepções e práticas
 Contextualizationin the teaching of mathematics: conceptions and practices
Authors: Reis Ana Queli , Nehring Cátia Maria
Published: September 2017

Resumo Este artigo objetiva apresentar um panorama sobre a contextualização através de uma meta análise de pesquisas que tratam deste conceito. Consideramos pesquisas que abordam a contextualização a partir de sua proposição pelas políticas públicas, através de documentos, livros didáticos e avaliações, bem como as concepções e práticas desenvolvidas por professores e pesquisadores da educação matemática. As análises evidenciam um distanciamento entre o que é compreendido epistemologicamente e a prática em sala de aula. A fragilidade de entendimentos sobre o que é contextualização tem limitado o ensino à resolução de problemas e aplicação, simplificando conceitos no processo de ensino e aprendizagem por não enfatizarem o processo de abstração decorrente da contextualização. Abstract This paper aims to present an overview of the contextualization through a meta-analysis of researches, which deal with this concept. We consider researches that address the contextualization from its proposition by public policies through documents, textbooks and assessments, as well as the conceptions and practices developed by teachers and researchers of mathematics education. The analyses have shown a gap between what is epistemologically understood and practice in the classroom. The weakness in understanding what is contextualization has limited teaching to problem solving and application, simplifying concepts in the process of teaching and learning due to not emphasizing the abstraction process arising from the contextualization.
“Vygotsky’s Inner Speech” Ajuda na solução de problemas matemáticos em TICs?
 "Vygotsky's Inner Speech" Does it help in the solution of mathematical problems with the use of ICTs?
Authors: Guilherme Alexandre , Brenner Cristian Bobsin
Published: September 2017

ResumoApós extensa e inconclusiva pesquisa bibliográfica por replicações de um estudo de Berk (1994) que relatou positivamente a relação entre o uso do Inner Speech, tão argumentado por Vygotsky, e o sucesso na resolução de problemas em crianças viu-se a oportunidade de elaborar um novo estudo, desta vez utilizando uma amostragem diferente de participantes composta em sua totalidade por alunos do curso de Matemática da PUCRS. Assim, fazendo uso de uma TIC, propomos investigar se há correlação entre o uso do Inner Speech e o sucesso na resolução de problemas matemáticos mesmo após a infância. A análise estatística usando SPSS resultou no valor-p 0,0357 e assim a hipótese nula (“Vygotsky’s Inner Speech não ajuda na solução de problemas matemáticos em TICs?) pode ser rejeitada.AbstractAfter extensive and inconclusive bibliographical research by replications of a study by Berk (1994) that reported positively the relationship between the use of the Inner Speech, so argued by Vygotsky, and children’s success in solving problems, we realized that there was an opportunity to elaborate a new study.  However, this time using a different sample of participants that is composed in its entirety by students of the Faculty of Mathematics at PUCRS. Thus, making use of an ICT, we proposed to investigate if there is a correlation between the use of Inner Speech and the success in solving mathematical problems even after childhood. Statistical analysis using SPSS resulted in a p-value 0.0357 and therefore the null hypothesis ("Vygotsky's Inner Speech does not help solve mathematical problems in ICTs?") can be rejected.
Uma fundamentação teórica para as coreografias didáticas no ambiente virtual de aprendizagem
 A theoretical foundation for didactic choreographies in a virtual learning environment
Authors: Rosa Milton , Orey Daniel Clark
Published: September 2017

ResumoO principal objetivo deste artigo é discutir sobre a fundamentação teórica para a utilização da plataforma Moodle no contexto da Coreografia Didática e do design instrucional considerando os novos desafios midiáticos e colaborativos enfrentados pelos professores em sua prática pedagógica no ambiente virtual de aprendizagem. Consideramos a plataforma Moodle como uma ferramenta pedagógica que pode potencializar a contextualização dos conceitos das coreografias didáticas na perspectiva do design instrucional do processo de ensino e aprendizagem que ocorre nesse ambiente. A relevância desse artigo se estrutura na ampliação das possibilidades pedagógicas relacionadas com o emprego dos recursos tecnológicos da plataforma Moodle na educação à distância, visando atender às demandas de uma sociedade globalizada que se torna exigente na utilização das tecnologias de informação e comunicação.AbstractThe objective of this paper is to discuss the theoretical foundation for the use of Moodle plataform in the context of a Didactic Choreography and instructional design. By considering aspects of new media and collaborative challenges faced by teachers and in pedagogical practices in the context of virtual learning environments, we consider Moodle as a pedagogical tool that gives potential contextualization of the concepts of didactic choreographies in the perspective of instructional design. In order to meet the demands of a globalized society that becomes demanding in the use of information and communication technologies, the relevance of this article is structured by the expansion of pedagogical possibilities related to the use of technological resources available using Moodle in distance education.
Supporting Early Mathematics Learning in Early Childhood Settings
Authors: Knaus Marianne
Published: September 2017

DESPITE A GROWING BODY of research that demonstrates young children have the capacity to learn mathematical concepts, early childhood educators are still strongly influenced by dated ideas that mathematics education should be delayed until formal schooling. Such attitudes are contributing to Australia's poor rating of young children's mathematics skills as compared to other Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. Negative perceptions about mathematics as well as a lack of knowledge of curriculum content and pedagogy are major factors limiting mathematics experiences in the early years. This project employed a multi-site case study approach to investigate the teaching of mathematics in early childhood education and care (ECEC) centres and the impact of a professional development intervention on the type and frequency of mathematics experiences for children before starting formal schooling.
A Thematic and Content Analysis of Instructional and Rehearsal Procedures of Preschool Social Emotional Learning Programs
Authors: White Antoinette , Moore Dennis William , Fleer Marilyn , Anderson Angelika
Published: September 2017

RESEARCH HAS DOCUMENTED THE positive effects of social emotional learning (SEL), and educational policy developments and accepted learning standards are beginning to reflect these findings. However, how best to include evidence-based practices in the instruction of social emotional competencies in regular preschool settings is not yet fully understood. Through a thematic and content analysis, this study identifies the target skills, implementation, instructional and rehearsal procedures in eight effective preschool SEL programs. The analysis describes a differential relationship between target skills and instructional and rehearsal procedures. The findings highlight the relevance of particular procedures in the instruction of specific competencies, and in broader social emotional instruction. These findings may assist educators in instructional planning with current learning documents, such as the Early Years Learning Framework (DEEWR, 2009).
Les bienfaits pour la santé et la prédominance du sucre dans les céréales pour déjeuner destinées aux enfants au Canada
Authors: Potvin Kent Monique , Cameron Cher , Philippe Sarah
Published: September 2017

Introduction

Cette étude vise à comparer le contenu nutritionnel et les bienfaits pour la
santé des céréales pour déjeuner destinées aux enfants et celles non destinées aux enfants
et à évaluer la prédominance du sucre ajouté dans ces produits.

Méthodologie

Nous avons recueilli des données sur le contenu nutritionnel de 262 céréales
pour déjeuner vendues dans les cinq principales chaînes d’alimentation à Ottawa
(Ontario) et à Gatineau (Québec). Pour chaque céréale, nous avons pris en note les cinq
premiers ingrédients et la quantité de sucres ajoutés indiqués sur la liste des ingrédients.
Les diverses marques de céréales ont été ensuite classées en deux catégories, soit « plus
saines » ou « moins saines », à l’aide du modèle de profil nutritionnel du Royaume-Uni.
Nous avons évalué chaque céréale en fonction de divers critères afin de déterminer si elle
était destinée ou non aux enfants. Des comparaisons statistiques ont été établies entre les
céréales destinées aux enfants et les autres.

Résultats

Sur l'ensemble des céréales pour déjeuner, 19,8 % étaient destinées aux
enfants et contenaient beaucoup moins de gras et de gras saturés. Ces céréales avaient
une teneur en sodium et en sucre significativement plus élevée et une teneur en fibres et
en protéines plus faible, et elles étaient trois fois plus susceptibles d’être classées comme
« moins saines » par rapport aux céréales non destinées aux enfants. Aucune des céréales
destinées aux enfants n’était sans sucre et, pour 75 % d’entre elles, le sucre occupait le
deuxième rang dans la liste des ingrédients. Six entreprises de céréales pour déjeuner possédaient
une gamme de produits destinés aux enfants composée entièrement de céréales
« moins saines ».

Conclusion

Il est nécessaire d’adopter un règlement qui limite le marketing alimentaire
ciblant les enfants et les jeunes de moins de 17 ans sur l’emballage, en vue de réduire
l'attrait envers ce groupe d’âge. Il faut également modifier la composition des céréales
pour déjeuner visant les enfants au moyen de cibles établies par le gouvernement ou par
la réglementation si on juge sa conformité inacceptable.
Élaboration, fiabilité et utilisation d’un outil de mesure de
l’environnement alimentaire dans les supermarchés de quatre
quartiers de Montréal (Canada)
Authors: Jalbert-Arsenault Élise , Robitaille Éric , Paquette Marie-Claude
Published: September 2017

Introduction

L’environnement alimentaire constitue un domaine propice si l'on veut
influencer les habitudes alimentaires de la population. Cette étude visait à élaborer un
outil de mesure de l’environnement alimentaire dans les commerces et à caractériser
l’environnement alimentaire dans un secteur de Montréal (Canada) possédant un niveau
de revenu de faible à moyen.

Méthodologie

Nous avons développé un outil, la Mesure de l’environnement alimentaire
du consommateur dans les supermarchés (MEAC-S) et nous l’avons mis à l’essai
pour en confirmer la fiabilité. Nous avons utilisé la MEAC-S pour évaluer l’environnement
alimentaire de consommation de 17 supermarchés dans quatre quartiers de Montréal.
Nous avons mesuré la longueur d’étalage, la diversité, le prix, le nombre de présentoirs et
la position en magasin des fruits et légumes (FL) et des produits alimentaires ultra-transformés
(PAUT). Nous avons également évalué la qualité des FL frais. La taille du
magasin a été estimée en utilisant la longueur totale d’étalage mesurée pour toutes les
catégories d’aliments. Nous avons effectué des corrélations de Spearman entre ces indicateurs
de l’environnement alimentaire.

Résultats

Les analyses de fiabilité ont donné des résultats satisfaisants pour la plupart
des indicateurs. La caractérisation de l’environnement alimentaire a révélé une grande
variabilité de la longueur d’étalage, de la diversité et du prix des FL entre les supermarchés
ainsi qu’une mise en valeur disproportionnée des PAUT. Le nombre de présentoirs
de PAUT hors de leur emplacement principal de vente variait de 7 à 26 et ces produits
occupaient de 8 à 33 positions stratégiques en magasin, alors que le nombre de présentoirs
hors de l’emplacement principal de vente de FL frais était supérieur à 1 dans seulement
2 des 17 magasins évalués et qu’ils occupaient un maximum de 2 emplacements
stratégiques par supermarché. Le prix des PAUT était inversement associé à leur proéminence
(p $lt 0,005) et à leur promotion (p $lt 0,003). La taille du magasin était associée au
nombre de présentoirs et au positionnement stratégique des PAUT (p $lt 0,001) mais pas à
celui des FL, et elle était inversement associée au prix des boissons gazeuses (p $lt 0,003).

Conclusion

Cette étude illustre la variabilité de l’environnement alimentaire entre les
supermarchés et souligne l’importance de mesurer les caractéristiques en magasin pour
brosser un tableau juste de l’environnement alimentaire du consommateur.
Infrastruktur dan Teknologi Pada Kecamatan-Kecamatan di Kabupaten Bandung Dalam Mendukung Pelaksanaan Program Paten (Pelayanan Administrasi Terpadu Kecamatan)
Authors: Sukarno Dedi
Published: September 2017

Organisasi kecamatan di Kabupaten Bandung sebagai garda terdepan dalam melakukan tugas-tugas pemerintah daerah dalam melakukan pelayanan publik, memberdayakan masyarakat, dan melaksanakan pembangunan daerah juga harus memiliki faktor infrastruktur dan teknologi yang memadai. Faktor infrastruktur dan teknologi pada kecamatan ini sangat tergantung kepada sumber daya keuangan yangmerupakan sumber pembiayaan bagi kegiatan organisasi. Tanpa adanya anggaran yang memadai, kecamatan sebagai suatu organisasi publik sulit untuk dapat melakukan aktivitasnya dalam melaksanakan tugas dan fungsinya guna mencapai tujuan.Metode penelitian yang digunakan penulis untuk meneliti infrastruktur dan teknologi pada kecamatankecamatandi Kabupaten Bandung adalah metode penelitian kualitatif. Metode ini bertujuan untuk memahami berbagai faktor yang ada dalam infrastruktur dan teknologi pada kecamatan-kecamatan di Kabupaten Bandung. Alasan peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif karena metode ini dapat digunakan untuk menemukan dan memahami hal-hal yang mendasar di balik fenomena infrastruktur dan teknologi pada kecamatan-kecamatan di Kabupaten Bandung.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa saat ini kecamatan-kecamatan di Kabupaten Bandung belum memilikistrategi terencana yang dibutuhkan untuk meningkatkan standar-standar dari faktor-faktor organisasi yang bersifat fisik (infrastuktur dan peralatan) dan sumber daya keuangan. Para pimpinan kecamatan-kecamatan di Kabupaten Bandung juga belum memahami pendekatan yang lebih menyeluruh terhadap infrastruktur dan teknologi yang lebih bermanfaat dan diperlukan di masa yang akan datang. Dengan melihat keadaan perencanaan dan pengelolaan fasilitas, teknologi, dan keuangan oleh kecamatan-kecamatan di KabupatenBandung yang tergantung kepada APBD Pemerintah Kabupaten Bandung, maka anggaran yang ada di APBDKabupaten Bandung belum merepresentasikan kebutuhan kecamatan secara lengkap untuk mencapai tujuan-tujuanorganisasi kecamatan di lingkungan Pemerintah Kabupaten Bandung.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI SIKAP MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI KESEJAHTERAAN SOSIAL TERHADAP TINDAK KEKERASAN FISIK SUAMI TERHADAP ISTRI: STUDI DI 6 PROVINSI
Authors: Rusyidi Binahayati , Nurwati Nunung , Humaedi Sahadi
Published: September 2017

Penelitian kuantitatif berjudul faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi sikap mahasiswa Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial mengenai kekerasan fisik terhadap istri ini bertujuan menganalisa faktor-faktor yang yang berasosiasi dengan sikap terhadap justifikasi kontekstual kekerasan fisik terhadap istri. Penelitian ini didasarkan pada kerangka teoritis dari perspektif sosio-demografis, structural dan feminis.Responden merupakan mahasiswa dari 7 perguruan tinggi yang menyelenggarakan program Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial di provinsi Bengkulu, Jawa Barat, Yogyakarta, Jawa Timur, Sulawesi Selatan dan Papua. Universitas dipilih secara purposive untuk menjamin keterwakilan wilayah Indonesia. Responden dipilih melalui convinience sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur. Data analysis dilakukan dengan teknik hierarchical regression.Sebanyak 582 mahasiswa tahun rata-rata berusia 19,8 tahun berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Mayoritas mahasiswa memandang tindak kekerasan fisik oleh suami terhadap istri dapat diterima dalam kondisi tertentu yaitu jika istri berselingkuh dengan pria lain, istri menggunakan zat yang memabukkan, istri bermesraan dengan laki-laki lain atau istri menyakiti anak-anak. Penelitian menemukan bahwa sikap mahasiswa terhadap kekerasan fisik oleh suami terhadap istri dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor sosial demografis dan sosial budaya yaitu sikap mengenai peran jender, affiliasi agama dan tingkat pendidikan ibu responden.Sikap terhadap peran peran jender merupakan prediktor yang paling berpengaruh; semakin egaliter sikap terhadap peran jender, maka responden akan semakin menunjukkan ketidaksetujuannya terhadap tindak kekerasan fisik terhadap istri dalam berbagai konteks. Responden non-Muslim menunjukkan sikap yang lebih tidak mendukung tindak kekerasan dibandingkan responden Muslim. Sementara itu, semakin tinggi tingkat pendidikan ibu responden maka responden semakin tidak setuju terhadap tindak kekerasan fisik terhadap istri.Implikasi terhadap pendidikan pekerjaan sosial didiskusikan dalam artikel ini. Termasuk di dalamnya meningkatkan sensitivitas mahasiswa terhadap kesetaraan jender dan perhatian terhadap isu-isu mengenai isu dan korban kekerasan terhadap perempuan.
LGBT DALAM PERSPEKTIF HAK ASASI MANUSIA
Authors: SANTOSO MEILANNY BUDIARTI
Published: September 2017

Resolusi tentang pengakuan atas hak-hak LGBT adalah resolusi PBB yang pertama yang secara spesifik mengangkat isu pelanggaran HAM berdasarkan orientasi seksual dan identitas gender. Resolusi tentang pengakuan atas hak-hak LGBT inilah yang dijadikan sebagai landasan tuntutan bagi kaum LGBT dalam menuntut hak-hak mereka dengan mengatasnamakan hak asasi manusia. Namun demikian, di Indonesia, tentunya berbicara mengenai penegakkan hak asasi manusia, khususnya yang diperjuangkan oleh komunitas LGBT, penegakkannya harus disesuaikan dengan aturan hukum dan nilai-nilai Pancasila sebagai dasar Negara dan landasan falsafah kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara.
PERAN INSTITUSI LOKAL DALAM KEGIATAN PENGEMBANGAN MASYARAKAT: KASUS PUNGGAWA RATU PASUNDAN DALAM PROGRAM DESA WISATA DI DESA SUKARATU KECAMATAN GEKBRONG KABUPATEN CIANJUR
Authors: Darwis Rudi Saprudin , Resnawaty Risna , Irfan Maulana , Risman Apep
Published: September 2017

Pengembangan masyarakat merupakan suatu aktivitas yang direncanakan guna meningkatkan taraf hidup masyarakat melalui program-program yang mampu mengembangkan potensi yang dimiliki dan menggunakan institusi lokal sebagai wadah aktivitas kolektifnya. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk menggambarkan peran institusi lokal dalam program Desa Wisata di Desa Sukaratu Kecamatan Gekbrong Kabupaten Bandung yang telah mampu menarik partisipasi aktif masyarakat untuk menjadi pelaku utama dalam pengelolaan kegiatan wisata. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam studi ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik studi kasus. Adapun kasus yang dijadikan subyek studi adalah kasus Punggawa Ratu Pasundan (PRP) sebagai institusi lokal yang dibentuk dalam program desa wisata di Desa Sukaratu, Kecamatan Gekbrong, Kabupaten Cianjur. Gambaran mengenai peranan institusi lokal dalam pengembangan masyarakat akan dideskripsikan melalui empat peranan yang dilakukan PRP dalam aktivitas pengembangan desa wisata di Desa Sukaratu, yaitu fasilitatif, mediasi, penyampai informasi, dan pendayagunaan gotong royong. Hasil penelitian menunjukan peran fasilitatif dilaksakan oleh PRP dalam menjaring berbagai aspirasi masyarakat dan anggotanya. Peran mediasi dilakukan oleh PRP dalam ranah penyelesaian konflik-konflik yang terjadi didalam organisasi. Peran PRP sebagai penyampai informasi sering dilakukan dalam rapat mingguan guna terus menjaga konsisitensi organisasi dalam mengedukasi masyarakat. Peran terakhir adalah peran PRP dalam mendayagunakan gotong royong masyarakat, peran ini dilakukan dengan mewadahi kegiatan-kegiatan gotong royong masyarakat dan menyalurkannya melalui kegiatan-kegiatan pembangunan yang menyangkut kepentingan umum. Namun suksesi kepengurusan yang tertunda-tunda, hilangnya sosok tokoh masyarakat yang menjadi salah satu penggerak, dan kurangnya dukungan dari pemerintah setempat menyebabkan vakumnya kepengurusan PRP, sehingga kegiatannya agak tersendat. Atas dasar hasil studi ini maka direkomendasikan bahwa untuk merealisasikan suksesi organisasi oleh masyarakat secara independen dan mandiri agar kegiatan pegelolaan wisata Desa Sukaratu dapat berlanjut secara optimal.
UPAYA PENCEGAHAN HIV/AIDS PADA KALANGAN REMAJA DI KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Santoso Meilanny Budiarti , Apsari Nurliana Cipta , Nabila Annisa
Published: September 2017

Masalah HIV/AIDS menjadi masalah kontemporer yang berkaitan dengan perilaku berisiko manusia, karena masalah ini bukanlah masalah kesehatan semata. Orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) termasuk populasi yang rentan bermasalah secara sosial, ekonomi, budaya dan politik. Sejak tahun 2005, sosialisasi tentang bahaya HIV/AIDS yang merupakan salah satu wujud upaya pencegahan HIV/AIDS, sebetulnya sudah mulai masuk ke setiap SMA, namun, karena HIV/AIDS banyak menyerang usia produktif, termasuk pelajar, sehingga sosialisasi diharapkan tidak hanya dilakukan pada para pelajar SMA saja, melainkan juga dilakukan pada para pelajar di tingkat pendidikan yang lebih rendah lagi, yaitu SMP dengan harapan dapat mencegah lebih banyak remaja yang terlibat dalam perilaku seksual yang beresiko dan penyalahgunaan narkoba.Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian survei. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah eksplanatory survey. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah siswa-siswi SMPN 35 Bandung yang telah mendapat program HEBAT secara penuh 2 semester.Program HEBAT! menjadi pelopor program pencegahan HIV/AIDS yang diperuntukkan bagi remaja di tingkat Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP). Program HEBAT! berbentuk kurikulum (mata pelajaran) yang berlangsung selama 2 semester di kelas VIII SMP. Sejak pertengahan tahun 2010, program HEBAT hingga saat ini telah berlangsung di 33 SMP di Kota Bandung. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini, terdapat pengaruh antara pelaksanaan program HEBAT terhadap sikap remaja. Pendidikan yang diberikan pada remaja dalam program HEBAT adalah sebagai langkah untuk  meningkatkan pengetahuan remaja terkait bahaya narkoba dan pentingnya menjaga kesehatan reproduksi sejak dini agar mereka terhindar dari perilaku berisiko HIV/AIDS
Understanding Adolescent Low Back Pain From a Multidimensional Perspective: Implications for Management
Authors: O'Sullivan Peter , Smith Anne , Beales Darren , Straker Leon
Published: September 2017

Synopsis

Low back pain (LBP) is the leading cause of disability worldwide. It often begins in adolescence, setting a course for later in life. We have tracked the course of LBP in the Raine Study cohort from the age of 14 years into early adulthood. Our work has found that LBP is already prevalent in individuals at 14 years of age and increases throughout adolescence and into early adulthood. It is often comorbid with other musculoskeletal pain. For some adolescents, LBP has little impact; for others, its impact includes care seeking, taking medication, taking time off from school and work, as well as modifying physical and functional activity. Of concern is the increasing prevalence of LBP with impact across adolescence, reaching adult rates by 22 years of age. The predictors of disabling LBP in adolescence are multidimensional. They include female sex, negative back pain beliefs, poor mental health status, somatic complaints, involvement in sports, and altered stress responses. Genetics also plays a role. Ironically, the factors that we have historically thought to be important predictors of LBP, such as “poor” spinal posture, scoliosis, carrying school bags, joint hypermobility, and poor back muscle endurance, are not strong predictors. This challenges our clinical beliefs and highlights that adolescent LBP needs a flexible and targeted multidimensional approach to assessment and management. In most cases, we recommend a cognitive functional approach that challenges negative LBP beliefs, educates adolescents regarding factors associated with their LBP, restores functional capacity where it is impaired, and encourages healthy lifestyle habits. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017;47(10):741–751. Epub 12 Sep 2017. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.7376
Medicina complementaria en EsSalud: 18 años cuidando la salud de los asegurados
Authors: Sánchez Torrejón Milagros
Published: September 2017

En el año 1992, en un contexto donde la Organización Mundial de la Salud reconoce a la medicina tradicional, alternativa y complementaria como una estrategia de atención en salud que recoge una herencia ancestral de prácticas aceptadas en diversas culturas, el Instituto Peruano de Seguridad Social creó el Instituto de Medicina Tradicional en Iquitos, mediante la Resolución de Presidencia Ejecutiva 097-IPSS-92. Este Instituto ha venido siendo la fuente del desarrollo de investigación preclínica en plantas medicinales amazónicas peruanas, principalmente en enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles.
Efectos del Allium sativum, ajo, en pacientes con dislipidemia en la ciudad de Huancayo. estudio preliminar
Authors: Rojas Dávila Armida
Published: September 2017

Objetivo. Determinar el efecto del consumo de cápsulas de Allium sativum en una dosis diaria de 1 g por 12 semanas, en pacientes con dislipidemia, residentes en la ciudad de Huancayo (3200 m de altitud). Materiales y métodos. Estudio experimental de un solo grupo de intervención con comparación pre-post. Se evaluaron a 33 sujetos (hombres y mujeres) con diagnóstico de dislipidemia de acuerdo a los criterios ATP III, quienes recibieron cápsulas con dosis de 1 g diario por doce semanas. Se analizaron los valores de colesterol total, LDL-c, HDL-c y triglicéridos, antes y después de la intervención. Resultados. Después de doce semanas, se encontraron reducciones significativas (p<0,001) de los valores de colesterol total (Δ 62,4 mg/dL; IC 95%: 59.1-65.7), LDL-c (Δ 63,7 mg/dL; IC 95%: 60.3-67.1) y triglicéridos (Δ 21,5 mg/dL; IC 95%: 14,3-28,7) y aumento del HDL-c (Δ 4,1 mg/dL; IC 95%: 2,9-5,3). Conclusiones. La intervención por doce semanas con cápsulas de Allium savitum en pacientes con dislipidemia mostró efectos significativos en los niveles de colesterol total, LDL-c, HDL-c y triglicéridos. Se recomienda realizar estudios clínicos aleatorizados para poder evaluar en real magnitud las tendencias observadas en estos resultados preliminares.
Malas conductas éticas en publicación cientiífica sobre plantas medicinales: vinculación entre la docencia y la investigación
Authors: Fuentes Delgado Duilio , Angulo-Bazan Yolanda
Published: September 2017

Los avances galopantes en la tecnología médica y la apertura globalizada, es el resultado de una vorágine de información plasmada en diferentes revistas científicas de distintas categorías de indización. Existe una carrera, tipo armamentista, de “publicar o morir”; adicionado a frases muy comunes en el argot científico como Solo en Dios creo, lo demás por escrito o publicado o Solo lo publicado existe, lo demás es anecdótico; dejando de lado muchas veces la calidad o la relevancia de lo publicado. Lo anterior se suma a los actuales requerimientos logísticos y de personal que, desde el punto de vista económico, obligan al investigador a competir por financiamientos para ejecutar las investigaciones, publicar en tiempo récord, ser competitivo y asegurar financiamiento para estudios futuros.
Conocimiento, aceptación y uso de medicina tradicional peruana y de medicina alternativa/complementaria en usuarios de consulta externa en Lima Metropolitana
Authors: Meji­a Galvez Jose Antonio , Carrasco R Eriberto , Miguel R Jenny Luz , Flores S Sandra Anita
Published: September 2017

Objetivo. Determinar los conocimientos, aceptación y uso de la medicina tradicional peruana y la medicina alternativa/complementaria en usuarios de consulta externa de en establecimientos de salud de Lima Metropolitana. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó una encuesta validada en 351 usuarios de consulta externa de ocho establecimientos de salud pertenecientes al Ministerio de Salud (MINSA) y Seguro Social de Salud (EsSalud) donde se evaluaron los patrones de uso, conocimiento y aceptación de terapias de medicina tradicional peruana (MTC) y medicina complementaria/alternativa (MAC). Resultados. La terapia de MTP más conocida, aceptada y usada fue la pasada de huevo (71,5%, 67,5% y 58,1%) mientras que en el caso de las terapias de MAC fue la fitoterapia (63,8%, 72,1% y 59,5%). La MTP, mayormente, fue usada solo 1-2 veces y un 29,6% refirió el uso de MAC, como la fitoterapia, en todos sus episodios de enfermedad. La razón más frecuente de aceptación es la “integración a la medicina convencional” (20,5% en MTP y 29,9% en MAC) y las de no aceptación fueron el no tener bases científicas (14,8% en MTP) o no estar reconocida legalmente (29,9% en MAC). Conclusión.La terapia de MTP más conocida, aceptada y usada fue la pasada de huevo, mientras que en el caso de MAC fue la fitoterapia. Las terapias de MTP suelen ser menos usadas que las terapias MAC por los encuestados. Estos procedimientos suelen ser realizados en el domicilio del paciente y son aceptados por la posibilidad de integración con la medicina convencional.
PERSPEKTIF LANSIA TERHADAP AKTIVITAS FISIK DAN KESEJAHTERAAN JASMANI DI DESA MARGOSARI KOTA SALATIGA JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Baga Hezron Dwi Setiantwo , Sujana Treesia , Triwibowo Antonius
Published: September 2017

Jumlah lansia di Indonesia terus meningkat  terkhususnya Provinsi Jawa Tengah yang menempati urutan ketiga se-Indonesia dengan persentase 10,35% dari 18,55 juta jiwa lansia di Indonesia pada tahun 2012 dan diprediksi akan terus meningkat. Hal ini menimbulkan perhatian penting terhadap bidang kesehatan lansia untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidupnya. Salah satunya adalah aktivitas fisik lansia dimana aktivitas fisik sangat berkaitan erat dengan kesejahteraan jasmani lansia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui bagaimana perspektif lansia terhadap aktivitas fisik yang dilakukan oleh lansia dan kaitanya dengan kesejahteraan jasmaninya di Desa Margosari Kota Salatiga Jawa Tengah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Penelitian ini akan dilakukan di Desa Margosari Kota Salatiga Jawa Tengah pada Januari hingga Maret 2017. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 5 orang yang di dapatkan dengan  menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini adalah in-depth interview. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisa data model Miles dan Humberman. Hasil penelitian ini adalah kegiatan aktivitas fisik yang dilakukan oleh lansia di Desa Margosari memiliki kaitan dengan kesejahteraan jasmani setiap individu dimana mereka masih mampu melakukan aktivitas secara mandiri tanpa alat bantu. Selain itu lansia pada umumnya memiliki motivasi yang baik untuk selalu ingin bergerak agar tetap sehat bugar dan bersemangat.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERKORELASI DENGAN KADAR ANTIBODI ANTITETANUS PADA IBU HAMIL
Authors: Merry Yussie Ater , Suharti Netti
Published: September 2017

Kadar antibodi antitetanus pada ibu hamil dipengaruhi berbagai faktor, yaitu: umur, interval vaksinasi Tetanus toksoid (TT)-1 – TT-2, TT-1, TT-2 – waktu pemeriksaan dan kadar Hb. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor – faktor yang berkorelasi dengan kadar antibodi antitetanus pada ibu hamil. Disain penelitian cross sectional, observasional terhadap 67 ibu hamil di wilayah kerja puskesmas Lubuk Buaya, Nanggalo dan Ambacang Kuranji kota Padang, bulan Juni - Desember 2015, teknik consecutive sampling. Kadar antibodi diukur menggunakan metode Indirect ELISA di Laboratorium Biomedik Universitas Andalas. Uji normalitas data dengan Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Spearman untuk korelasi antara umur, interval: TT-1 – TT-2, TT-1, TT-2 – waktu pemeriksaan, kadar Hb dengan kadar antibodi dan uji Kruskal Walis untuk menilai perbedaan kadar antibodi berdasar interval TT-1 – waktu pemeriksaan serta uji regresi linier untuk menentukan faktor determinan yang berkorelasi dengan kadar antibodi.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat korelasi negatif yang sangat lemah, tidak signifikan antara umur  dengan kadar antibodi (r=-0,076 p=0,540), terdapat korelasi positif lemah dan signifikan antara: interval TT-1 – TT-2 (r= 0,353, p = 0,003), korelasi positif kuat dan signifikan antara TT-1, TT-2 waktu pemeriksaan (r=0,696 p = 0,000 dan r= 0,729 p= 0,000) dengan kadar antibodi. Terdapat korelasi positif sangat lemah antara kadar Hb dengan kadar antibodi (r=0,200 p=0,104). Kesimpulan penelitian, faktor determinan yang berkorelasi dengan kadar antibodi antitetanus adalah: interval TT-1 – TT-2 dan TT-2 – waktu pemeriksaan
Comparison of Time-Proximity and Evasive Action Conflict Measures: Case Studies from Five Cities
Authors: Tageldin Ahmed , Sayed Tarek , Shaaban Khaled
Published: September 2017

Interest has grown in using traffic conflicts for studying safety from a broader perspective than relying only on collision data. Traffic conflict analysis is typically performed through the calculation of traditional conflict severity measures such as time-to-collision and postencroachment time. These measures rely on road users getting within specific temporal and spatial proximity from each other and therefore assume that proximity is the surrogate for severity. However, this assumption may not be valid in some driving environments where close interactions between road users are common and sudden evasive actions are frequently used to avoid collisions. It is suggested that evasive action–based conflict indicators can assess the analysis in some less-organized traffic environments. This study focused on the severity evaluation of pedestrian conflicts. Pedestrian evasive actions were reflected mainly in variations of spatiotemporal gait parameters (step frequency and step length). The objective was to compare the use of time proximity and evasive action–based conflict indicators in evaluating the severity of pedestrian conflicts in different traffic environments. Video data from intersections in five major cities—Shanghai, China; New Delhi, India; New York City; Doha, Qatar; and Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada—were analyzed with automated computer vision techniques to extract pedestrian-involved conflicts and calculate conflict indicators. Results show that evasive action–based indicators were more effective in identifying and measuring the severity of pedestrian conflicts than time proximity measures in traffic environments such as Shanghai and New Delhi. However, evasive action measures did not show the same potential in Vancouver and Doha, where time proximity measures were more effective.
The Missing Middle: Filling the Gap Between Walkability and Observed Walking Behavior
Authors: Herrmann Thomas , Boisjoly Geneviève , Ross Nancy A. , El-Geneidy Ahmed M.
Published: September 2017

Many fields of study recognize the interdependent health, environmental, and economic benefits of walking. To promote walking in entire populations, measures such as Walk Score have been developed to classify the walking friendliness or walkability of places. Yet high walkability is not always equated with increased walking. This paper investigates this discrepancy with the use of survey data on pedestrian behavior; a variety of geographic information system–derived land use and built environment measures of neighborhoods in Montreal, Quebec, Canada; and socioeconomic characteristics obtained from the 2011 National Household Survey. A descriptive analysis of walking behavior and neighborhood characteristics reveals that some neighborhoods with higher walking rates are characterized by a lower presence of parking lots and setbacks and a greater proportion of on-street tree canopy. Linear regressions predicting walking rates confirm these associations after adjusting for Walk Score and neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics. These findings suggest that more work is needed for nuancing walkability measures and offer particular insight for health professionals, planners, and engineers looking to promote walking as an alternative and healthier mode of transport. Reducing open space, such as parking lots and setbacks, and increasing street-level tree canopy are two ways that the urban built environment can be modified to support walking, especially in areas with high Walk Score and low walking rates.
Comorbidity Analysis between Alzheimer’s Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) Based on Shared Pathways and the Role of T2DM Drugs
Authors: Karki Reagon , Kodamullil Alpha Tom , Hofmann-Apitius Martin
Published: September 2017

Background:

Various studies suggest a comorbid association between Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) indicating that there could be shared underlying pathophysiological mechanisms.

Objective:

This study aims to systematically model relevant knowledge at the molecular level to find a mechanistic rationale explaining the existing comorbid association between AD and T2DM.

Method:

We have used a knowledge-based modeling approach to build two network models for AD and T2DM using Biological Expression Language (BEL), which is capable of capturing and representing causal and correlative relationships at both molecular and clinical levels from various knowledge resources.

Results:

Using comparative analysis, we have identified several putative “shared pathways”. We demonstrate, at a mechanistic level, how the insulin signaling pathway is related to other significant AD pathways such as the neurotrophin signaling pathway, PI3K/AKT signaling, MTOR signaling, and MAPK signaling and how these pathways do cross-talk with each other both in AD and T2DM. In addition, we present a mechanistic hypothesis that explains both favorable and adverse effects of the anti-diabetic drug metformin in AD.

Conclusion:

The two computable models introduced here provide a powerful framework to identify plausible mechanistic links shared between AD and T2DM and thereby identify targeted pathways for new therapeutics. Our approach can also be used to provide mechanistic answers to the question of why some T2DM treatments seem to increase the risk of AD.
App-Based Bradykinesia Tasks for Clinic and Home Assessment in Parkinson’s Disease: Reliability and Responsiveness
Authors: Heldman Dustin A. , Urrea-Mendoza Enrique , Lovera Lilia C. , Schmerler David A. , Garcia Xiomara , Mohammad Mohammad E. , McFarlane Maria Catalina U. , Giuffrida Joseph P. , Espay Alberto J. , Fernandez Hubert H.
Published: September 2017

Background:

Clinical rating of bradykinesia in Parkinson disease (PD) is challenging as it must combine several movement features into a single score. Additionally, in-clinic assessment cannot capture fluctuations throughout the day.

Objective:

To evaluate the reliability and responsiveness of a motion sensor-based tablet app for objective bradykinesia assessment in clinic and at home as compared to clinical ratings.

Methods:

Thirty-two PD patients treated with subthalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS) were outfitted with a motion sensor on the index finger of the more affected hand to perform two repetitions of finger-tapping, hand opening-closing, and arm pronation-supination tasks with DBS on and 10, 20, and 30 minutes after turning DBS off. Tasks were videotaped for blinded clinician rating using the Modified Bradykinesia Rating Scale (MBRS). Participants were then sent home with an app-based system to perform two repetitions of the same tasks six times per day spaced two hours apart, three days per week, for two weeks. Intraclass correlation (ICC) and minimal detectable change (MDC) were calculated.

Results:

As the effects of DBS wore off, motion sensors detected worsening of amplitude sooner than did clinician-rated MBRS for all three tasks. ICCs were significantly higher and MDCs were significantly lower for motion sensors in the clinic and at home than for clinician ratings ( p < 0.01).

Conclusions:

The tablet-based app demonstrated higher reliability and responsiveness in capturing bradykinesia-related tasks in the clinic and at home than did clinician ratings. This tool may enhance the assessment of novel therapies.
Performance Analysis of Four Decomposition-Ensemble Models for One-Day-Ahead Agricultural Commodity Futures Price Forecasting
Authors: Wang Deyun , Yue Chenqiang , Wei Shuai , Lv Jun
Published: September 2017

Agricultural commodity futures prices play a significant role in the change tendency of these spot prices and the supply–demand relationship of global agricultural product markets. Due to the nonlinear and nonstationary nature of this kind of time series data, it is inevitable for price forecasting research to take this nature into consideration. Therefore, we aim to enrich the existing research literature and offer a new way of thinking about forecasting agricultural commodity futures prices, so that four hybrid models are proposed based on the back propagation neural network (BPNN) optimized by the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and four decomposition methods: empirical mode decomposition (EMD), wavelet packet transform (WPT), intrinsic time-scale decomposition (ITD) and variational mode decomposition (VMD). In order to verify the applicability and validity of these hybrid models, we select three futures prices of wheat, corn and soybean to conduct the experiment. The experimental results show that (1) all the hybrid models combined with decomposition technique have a better performance than the single PSO–BPNN model; (2) VMD contributes the most in improving the forecasting ability of the PSO–BPNN model, while WPT ranks second; (3) ITD performs better than EMD in both cases of corn and soybean; and (4) the proposed models perform well in the forecasting of agricultural commodity futures prices.
Localization in Low Power Wide Area Networks Using Wi-Fi Fingerprints
Authors: Janssen Thomas , Weyn Maarten , Berkvens Rafael
Published: September 2017

Supply chain management requires regular updates of the location of assets, which can be enabled by low power wide area networks, such as Sigfox. While it is useful to localize a device simply by its communication signals, this is very difficult to do with Sigfox because of wide area and ultra narrowband nature. On the other hand, installing a satellite localization element on the device greatly increases its power consumption. We investigated using information about nearby Wi-Fi access points as a way to localize the asset over the Sigfox network, so without connecting to those Wi-Fi networks. This paper reports the location error that can be achieved by this type of outdoor localization. By using a combination of two databases, we could localize the device on all 36 test locations with a median location error of 39 m . This shows that the localization accuracy of this method is promising enough to warrant further study, most specifically the minimal power consumption.