bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Constitutional principles of the law of the European Union
Authors: Kovalchuk Vitaliy
Published: August 2024

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the role of constitutional principles of law in the process of legitimization and functioning of the European Union. The author emphasizes the problems of practical implementation and application of constitutional principles at the supranational and national levels. It is noted that a condition for the EU's stable development is to ensure its legal homogeneity, which implies that the Member States must comply with the basic principles of the EU's functioning and the provisions of two constitutional acts - the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). The article adopts a limited view of constitutionalism, which covers only those principles that regulate (a) the grounds for legitimacy at the level of the European Union and (b) the relationship between the supranational and national levels. These principles are: vesting of powers, subsidiarity, proportionality, institutional independence, and delegated sovereignty. The analysis of the five constitutional principles leads to the following conclusions: The Treaties on the European Union and the functioning of the European Union are not called a "constitution," but they have all the features of a codified body of constituent legal acts; the European Union is established as a federation, although in all respects it is a confederation, since the source of its legitimacy is the principles of delegation, subsidiarity and proportionality; the only direct source of legitimacy in the EU is the European Parliament, whose powers are still limited in certain areas due to the general EU restrictions on issues such as common taxation. The EU has a lot of potential power, despite the fact that the principle of delegation of powers aims to limit its powers to an exhaustive list of competences; a more effective and formalized platform for adopting laws in policy areas that intersect supranational and national levels is needed; the current system of providing national parliaments with reasoned opinions on draft legislation is rather limited to achieve a balance between the legitimacy of the Union and national legitimacy for powers that are actually exercised.
E-commerce market in Ukraine: the role of european and іnternational e-commerce organizations
Authors: Lesko Nataliia , Kira Solomiia
Published: August 2024

The article examines the role of international and European e-commerce organizations in the context of increasing the competitiveness of e-business in Ukraine. The analysis of trends in the development of the Ukrainian and global e-commerce market was carried out, the importance of the development of international e-commerce and advocacy bodies in accordance with the specified sector was emphasized. The importance of sustainable digital transformation, which will contribute to growth and stimulate sustainable development, was highlighted separately. In this aspect, the need of implementation the legislation, standards and best practices of EU for the harmonization of the digital market of Ukraine as a whole was emphasized. Barriers to the development of e-commerce in Ukraine have been structured, which include: cognitive barriers; language barrier; cultural features; customer support; expansion of consumer rights protection policy in accordance with EU rules; internet connection speed; payment settings/payment services (currency conversion). In addition, the definition of «cross-border electronic commerce» was proposed.
Ensuring the functioning of society in activities of public authorities under the legal regime of martial law
Authors: Lukianova Halyna , Bekerska Tetiana
Published: August 2024

The scientific article is devoted to the study of the activities of public authorities during the period of martial law in ensuring the functioning of society, characterization of the concept and attributes of state bodies, types of state bodies. The article examines scientific and regulatory approaches to defining the most important functions of the state, in particular, ensuring the security of citizens. On February 24, 2022, the Russian Federation, in violation of international law, carried out a full-scale invasion of the territory of Ukraine. On the same day, the legal regime of martial law was introduced (there was a fact of aggression, daily new threats of attack, a threat to Ukraine's state independence, and violation of the integrity of state borders), and accordingly, state bodies, military formations, and local governments were given the necessary powers to prevent the threat and ensure national security, as well as temporary restrictions due to the threat to the constitutional rights and freedoms of people and citizens, as well as the rights and legitimate interests of legal entities), which has been prolonged for a month. This has changed the worldview of all Ukrainians, the activities of state and self-governing institutions. Martial law is a legal regime that has its own peculiarities and regulates the activities of state and local governments in Ukraine. During the period of martial law, the activities of state bodies are aimed at ensuring the operation of the Constitution and laws of Ukraine, implementing measures of the legal regime, defending civil defense and ensuring the protection of the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of citizens of the state. Martial law provides state authorities, military administrations, and military command and control bodies with the necessary powers to prevent threats and repel armed aggression and ensure national security. Based on this, the state authorities felt the impact of the martial law regime, as they faced new challenges, but the state authorities quickly regulated their activities. The state is characterized by the presence of a social system with certain elements, manifestations, content and functional purpose, i.e. organizational overflows of society. The management of major national events places extremely high demands on the organization and interaction of state institutions and local self-government, which is guaranteed during the functioning of the state mechanism and contributes to the development of a democratic society.
Legal Aspects of State Policy on Preventing and Overcoming COVID-19 in North Korea: Implementation and Effectiveness of Legal Measures
Authors: Makarchuk Kseniia
Published: August 2024

This article analyses some (publicly available) legal aspects of COVID-19 policy in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea since the beginning of the global coronavirus outbreak and in the following years. The focus is on the legal measures implemented to prevent the spread of the virus. The paper draws conclusions about the effectiveness of the practical application of the «zero tolerance» policy in the fight against the pandemic. Pyongyang explains its success in countering the coronavirus as a proactive response to the struggle for «national survival». The country has closed its border, reduced trade with China, established a 30-day quarantine period, and imposed restrictions on the activities of foreign diplomatic and international personnel based in North Korea (essentially choosing a position of even greater isolation from the outside world in the fight against the pandemic). Having officially recognized the first case of coronavirus infection in the country only in May 2022, 3 months later, in August of the same year, North Korea declared a complete victory over COVID-19. However, the real situation with COVID-19 in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea is not obvious: in contrast to the many unreliable statements and propaganda news reports, there are studies by external experts, as well as UN reports, which seem to reflect a more realistic situation behind the Iron Curtain. Such conclusions can also be drawn from the fact that no COVID-19 vaccination campaigns have been officially conducted, and food insecurity caused by various factors, including prolonged sanctions, border closures and adverse climatic conditions, may also have hindered the ability of the population to overcome COVID-19 as successfully as claimed by the DPRK. In this article, we will try to analyze in more details the methods of countering the coronavirus in North Korea based on available official sources and assess their effectiveness, as well as their impact on the civil liberties of the DPRK population.
Consulting as a prospective field of activity in Ukraine
Authors: Mokryakov Andriy
Published: August 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the “consulting” category as a promising field of activity in Ukraine. It was noted that the development of modern society, which is undergoing significant transformations, requires new approaches and visions for a large number of problems arising in certain spheres. Today, all branches of the economy, all management activities carried out in the public sphere, need a new vision and critical assessment by highly qualified specialists who have relevant knowledge in one or another field. Consulting services, which have gained significant distribution abroad, for our state, are the direction of activity that can become an effective means of successful development of many spheres of Ukrainian society. Scientific views on the understanding and content of consulting, the importance of the development of consulting activity in today’s conditions are considered. Attention is drawn to the fact that the consulting service, as a fairly new field of application, has a number of characteristic features, which, according to scientists, consist, first of all, in the fact that it is an intellectual, creative activity of an individual, which is carried out exclusively by subjects of entrepreneurial activity on a paid basis, the useful result of which may not always coincide with the expected one. Consulting activity is considered as a modern management tool, which today is in demand in many spheres of society’s life. Special interest and need in consulting activities are now felt by almost all branches of the economy. Nevertheless, consulting services are quite actively used in the sphere of state administration and local self-government, as a strong basis for timely and correct management decision-making. Obviously, given the prevalence and demand for consulting services, it is expedient to adopt the appropriate legal basis for the operation and development of domestic consulting companies.
The role of environmental audit in the concept of balanced nature use development: legal aspects
Authors: Nesterenko Anna
Published: August 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the legal aspects of the implementation and effectiveness of the environmental audit in the concept of the development of sustainable nature management as an important mechanism of environmental security. Rapid technological development has led to the globalization of all social processes without exception. It was this factor that influenced the ecological crisis, because the dominant way of using nature turned out to be incompatible with the biosphere, the cyclic cycle of resources, energy and information that ensure the stability of the global ecosystem. This provoked ecological regression and real global omnicide. Solving the environmental problem, in our opinion, boils down to the introduction of effective legal, institutional and specialized mechanisms for ensuring environmental safety, which, in their entirety, will have a positive effect on all components of the ecosystem and help to effectively implement the concept of the development of balanced nature management. And it is the environmental audit that is the effective mechanism that is designed to solve a significant part of the problems on the way to the restoration of the natural environment, by implementing the idea of balanced nature management. The relevance of this issue is that the effectiveness of an environmental audit directly depends on the legal aspects of its implementation, because dynamic changes in social development, the instability of economic factors, the emergence of new social factors, especially in the conditions of martial law, require a quick response and the introduction of the necessary regulators at the legislative level. Having analyzed the composition of environmental legal relations and national legislation, we found gaps in national legislation that require attention from the legislator and, accordingly, harmonization with EU law. Legal approaches to the interpretation of environmental audits in the context of stimulating the rational implementation of balanced environmental management by local self-government bodies were studied.
Institute of rehabilitation of illegally convicted persons as an important component of the development of the legal system of Ukraine
Authors: Osmak Andrii
Published: August 2024

This article examines the institution of rehabilitation of illegally convicted persons in the legal system of Ukraine. It was determined that the rehabilitation of illegally convicted persons in the legal system of Ukraine is an important step for ensuring justice and restoring trust in justice. It has been studied that the institution of rehabilitation of illegally convicted persons plays an important role in the legal system of Ukraine, having a significant impact on the development of justice and the protection of human rights. It is highlighted that the purpose of rehabilitation is to make decisions that will contribute to the full or partial restoration of all rights and freedoms of illegally convicted or illegally persecuted persons, as well as compensation for property and moral damage caused to them, and their integration into society as full-fledged citizens. The main values of the institution of rehabilitation of illegally convicted persons in the legal system of Ukraine are highlighted: 1) restoration of justice; 2) provision of compensation; 3) strengthening of trust in the judicial system; 4) prevention of judicial errors; 5) guaranteeing human rights. The article emphasizes two types of rehabilitation: 1) full rehabilitation, which provides for the complete release of a person from criminal responsibility or from serving a sentence (after an acquittal is rendered or after the proceedings are closed on rehabilitation grounds); 2) partial rehabilitation - occurs when only some measures of procedural coercion are recognized as illegal, but the criminal proceedings are ongoing at the same time. It is concluded that the institution of rehabilitation of illegally convicted persons in the legal system of Ukraine is a key mechanism for ensuring justice and protecting human rights. It is designed to restore the violated rights and freedoms of victims, giving them the opportunity to rehabilitate in society and return to a normal life. This institution also plays an important role in improving citizens' trust in the judicial system and state institutions.
Characteristics of national security of Ukraine during the period of marital state: goals, challenges and strategy
Authors: Pyvovar Maiia , Panko Alina
Published: August 2024

This scientific article is devoted to the improvement of public administration in the sphere of national security of Ukraine, the corresponding goals, challenges and strategy. The essence of the concept of "national security", its components and influencing factors, as well as the concept of "system of ensuring national security" are systematically analyzed. An analysis of such a strategic document as the National Security Strategy of Ukraine adopted by the Decision of the National Security and Defense Council dated September 14, 2020 and introduced by the Decree of the President of Ukraine dated September 14, 2020, including the intended goals of ensuring national security, was carried out. The article also highlights the challenges that faced the system of state management of national security of Ukraine at the beginning of Russia's military aggression in 2014, but remain relevant today. In general, this article is important for understanding and improving the system of state management of national security of Ukraine in the conditions of modern global challenges and threats. The security and defense sector was analyzed, including the role of the Security Service of Ukraine in the field of security and defense. Today, some legislative acts do not fully correspond to the current security situation in Ukraine. The National Security Council must constantly update the national security strategy, the set of measures to ensure it, as well as constantly create conditions for increasing the effectiveness of the organizational and legal support of the entire national security and defense system. In this way, it will make it possible to protect the state sovereignty, territorial integrity and national interests of Ukraine, in conditions of war. Every manifestation of Russian aggression makes it obvious that its goal is not just the seizure of Ukrainian territories, but the destruction of national identity and the genocide of the Ukrainian people. Russia officially denies the existence of Ukrainians as a separate nation. At the same time, at the beginning of the invasion, the Kremlin made a bet not only on the army, but also on the intelligence and subversive activities of its special services and sabotage and terrorist work, cyber attacks and the spread of disinformation.
Positive assessment of a legal entity's activities as a personal non-property benefit
Authors: Ratushna Bohdana
Published: August 2024

In the article research of concept “business reputation” is carried out legal entities as participants of public relations. It is set that the row of the personal unproperty rights for legal entities, among that and right on inviolability of business reputation of legal entities, is envisaged in the article 94 of the Civil code of Ukraine. It is educed that business reputation is the personal unproperty blessing of legal entities. At the same time in the Civil code of Ukraine absent determination of concept “business reputation” legal entities, that causes a necessity to set forth such determination and offer him legislatively to fasten in the Civil code of Ukraine. It is set that the scientific association of Ukraine did not go round attention this question and offered a few variants of determination of concept “business reputation” legal entities. Supreme court of Ukraine in resolution of Plenum ВСУ from 27.02.2009 No. 1 also set forth own determination of this concept, in accordance with that business reputation is an estimation of entrepreneurial, public, professional or other activity of legal entities, that is carried out by such persons as participants of public relations. On the basis of this determination the improved variant of concept “business reputation” is offered, namely: “positive estimation of entrepreneurial, public, professional or other activity of legal entities, that is carried out by such persons as participants of public. Just the same determination of concept of business reputation it is suggested to fasten in the Civil code of Ukraine. It is wellproven that the negative estimation of activity of legal entities testifies to absence of business reputation for such legal entities. It is also set that business reputation is presumption of law, that is assumed after every legal entity. As well as any other presumption of law, a presence for the legal entity of business reputation can be refuted in the judicial order by establishment of negative estimation of activity of such legal entity.
Reforms as a prerequisite for ukraine's accession to the Еuropean Union
Authors: Romtsiv Olena
Published: August 2024

Reforms and their impact are an integral part of the process of accession to the European Union. These measures create the foundation for harmonizing the country's legislation with European standards and norms, and contribute to improving the living standards of citizens and the stability of society. One of the key aspects of reforms is economic change. Countries aspiring to join the European Union usually implement reforms aimed at liberalizing markets, improving the business climate, and fighting corruption. These measures contribute to the creation of a stable economy, attract foreign investment, and promote economic development. Other important aspects that are being reformed include the legal and judicial spheres of the state. These reforms are aimed at improving the judicial system, human rights and legal stability. transformations in these areas contribute to increasing trust in the justice system and reducing corruption. In addition, reforms in education and healthcare also have a significant impact on society. Improved access to higher education, higher quality education, and healthcare reforms improve the quality of life of citizens and provide more capital for the country's development. Accession to the EU requires a candidate country to undertake a large amount of adaptation reforms covering a variety of areas, from justice and the economy to education and healthcare. This can be an extremely challenging task, requiring a large commitment of manpower and resources from the government and society. External factors, such as geopolitical conflicts or relations with neighboring countries, can affect the accession process. The situation in the region and cooperation with other countries can have a major impact on the success of integration. Despite these challenges, accession to the European Union can bring significant benefits, including economic development, political stability, and improved quality of life. It is important to address these challenges and overcome difficulties with the perspective of EU membership in mind.
The judicial system of Ukraine: constitutional analysis of reforms
Authors: Romtsiv Olena , Kuzmiak Mariana
Published: August 2024

This article examines the constitutional aspects of Ukraine’s judicial system, as well as the effectiveness and prospects of the reforms being implemented by the state. The main achievements and challenges faced by the Ukrainian judicial system are analyzed. The main achievements include the establishment of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, the High Anti-Corruption Court, and the improvement of the procedures for the nomination and appointment of judges. Challenges include the inability to ensure full independence of the courts from external influences, high workload of judges, and the need to further improve the appeal and cassation process. The establishment of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, the introduction of new procedures for the nomination and appointment of judges, and the establishment of the High Anti-Corruption Court are a significant step towards the creation of a fair and independent judicial system. It is determined that despite all the progressive achievements of Ukraine’s judicial reform, there are still a number of problems that need to be addressed urgently. These problems include: imperfect legislative regulation of the judicial system; insufficient funding of the judicial system; imperfect staffing of the judicial system, etc. The article also emphasizes the importance of continuing to fight corruption in the Ukrainian judiciary. To do this, it is necessary to introduce effective mechanisms for detecting and prosecuting judges for corruption offenses; to create independent anti-corruption bodies that will control the judicial system, etc. This article is important because it provides a clear picture of the structure and organization of the judicial system of Ukraine, as well as its basic principles and functions, reveals the problems faced by the judicial system of Ukraine and suggests ways to solve them in order to improve the administration of justice in Ukraine.
Principles of legal regulation of the institute of disciplinary responsibility of judges
Authors: Sydorovych Ruslan
Published: August 2024

The article analyzes the principles of legal regulation of the civil service institute. The ontological, axiological and praxeological value of the civil service institution, its actualization in the context of Ukraine's European integration efforts, has been proven. It is indicated that today this institution becomes not only an internal mechanism of legitimate, democratic control over the effective exercise of power, but also achieves the necessary functions of transformation of the entire state-power apparatus by improving the power system and bringing it closer to European management standards. The basic principles of legal regulation of the civil service are defined as key standards for the normalization of this institution's functioning of the power system, in particular: legality and legal obligation, which provides that the institution's functioning should be based on clear normative acts and relevant legal norms; transparency and justice, indicates that the process of making state-authority decisions should be open and transparent, include guaranteed opportunities to participate in the process, providing a guarantee for presenting one's position, as well as ensuring the right to defense and the possibility of appealing the decision; confidentiality and protection of personal data, which consists in the fact that all data related to public service must be protected from unauthorized access and use; taking into account the specifics of the activity, it is assumed that when implementing legal and organizational-management measures, one should take into account the specifics of work and foreign-political and internal factors of labor relations; the principle of responsibility of civil servants to society. By creating a complex set of basic principles, they form a matrix of legal regulation of the civil service institution, contribute to an effective and fair rule-making and law enforcement (law enforcement) process in the researched area. The principles guarantee the provision of high standards of behavior of employees and provide a reliable mechanism for monitoring compliance with legal and ethical norms, form an institutional and organizational mechanism for the efficiency and independence of the power system, and are factors in increasing public trust in the decisions of authorities and improving the quality of public administration.
The concept and socio-legal value of the reconciliation of the parties in the administrative judiciary of Ukraine
Authors: Slyvka Mariia
Published: August 2024

The article is aimed at research of the concept and socio-legal significance of the reconciliation of the parties in the administrative proceedings of Ukraine. On the basis of legal methods of scientific knowledge, such as: dialectical, logical-formal, comparative-legal, etc., modern approaches to understanding the legal nature and essence of the concept of “reconciliation” are considered. It is proposed to consider the reconciliation of the parties in administrative proceedings as based on the principles of law and the norms of the current legislation, a voluntary and quick way of amicable (peaceful) agreement by the parties of a public-law dispute on mutually beneficial terms of reconciliation in a judicial procedure (without prejudice to the idea of people-centeredness and legality), which are approved by an administrative court. The socio-legal significance of reconciliation is highlighted, which is manifested in the fact that: 1) reconciliation of parties in administrative proceedings allows to properly use the positive potential of the dispute and to settle the public-law dispute in an amicable (peaceful) manner; 2) conciliation of the parties in administrative proceedings allows saving the time and money resources of the parties to the dispute and the court; 3) the reconciliation of the parties in administrative proceedings contributes to the pluralistic increase in the degree of democratization of administrative-legal dispute resolution and the transformation of the role of the judge. It is noted that the sooner the parties reach a consensus, the less time the court will spend on considering the case, which contributes to: a) actual savings in the amount of state expenses for resolving cases in court; b) increasing the amount of “free” time resource. It is indicated that there is a need to update the scientific opinion regarding the concept and socio-legal significance of the reconciliation of the parties in administrative proceedings in the conditions of the European integration of Ukraine. It was concluded that the introduction and spread of conciliation of the parties in administrative proceedings is a certain civilizational transformation of the understanding of justice, as well as the role of the judge in the resolution of public legal disputes, which is a reflection of the pluralistic tendency to expand the methods of resolving public legal disputes, which is observed today in the states – EU members.
Family mediation as a mode of dispute resolution in family legal relations
Authors: Chornopyska Victoria , Chornopyska Khrystyna
Published: August 2024

The article analyzes the place of the institution of family mediation in the settlement of family legal relations in general, and family disputes in particular, substantiates the importance and effectiveness of introducing this institution into the legal system of Ukraine as an alternative to the court. It was found that family mediation is a process of resolving family disputes in a peaceful way (through understanding), in which an independent party (mediator) facilitates communication between the parties to the dispute and helps to make balanced decisions that satisfy the interests of each party. Family mediation is a flexible procedure for optimal resolution of various family disputes, which can be adapted to the specific situation of each family. The main principles of family mediation are: equality of parties, voluntary participation, confidentiality, independence and impartiality of the mediator. Among the main advantages of family mediation, the authors identified: negotiations are carried out with the help of an independent mediator (mediator), who takes into account the position of each party and contributes to the formation of an appropriate atmosphere for further constructive communication; helps and enables the parties to independently form options for resolving the dispute, a plan of future actions, monitors the results of negotiations, taking into account the interests of not only the parties to the process, but in particular children; improves communication between parties, helps exchange ideas and information; decision options may go beyond the limits of legal remedies, while this is not possible in court; quick achievement of the result and resolution of the dispute in comparison with the court process; the solution is mutually beneficial, there are two sides to the win; relationships are terminated with less negative consequences; attention is focused on the needs of children, their interests are taken into account more, since the court examines the case on the basis of legal requirements, beyond which it cannot go, etc.
On the preconditions of corruption during the full-scale war in Ukraine
Authors: Shulhan Iryna
Published: August 2024

Preventing and combating corruption is one of the main tasks of the state. It should be noted that the war is another reason to fight this negative phenomenon. Unfortunately, Ukraine has an insufficient level of countering and preventing corruption, as statistical studies show that its scale is not decreasing. Therefore, public authorities need to pay special attention to improving anti-corruption mechanisms and measures to ensure the quality and safe functioning of public policy for the benefit of Ukrainian society. The full-scale war on the territory of Ukraine has shifted the focus of the authorities’ efforts towards protecting the state from the enemy, and has also affected the determinants of corruption. The article analyses the main prerequisites for corruption in wartime, in particular, the temporary suspension of the Register of Electronic Declarations, the closure of access to most public data, the weakening of public control over the activities of public authorities, and public procurement without competitive procedures. Socio-economic reasons remain relevant, such as low wages; depreciation of moral norms in state and public life; low level of legal culture, etc. It is emphasised that the effective fight against corruption crime in Ukraine during the war continues and requires the creation of a more effective state system of coordination of anti-corruption policy with proper legislative consolidation and implementation of preventive measures to prevent corruption, especially in wartime. Ukraine’s current anti-corruption legislation needs to be improved and detailed. The activities of law enforcement agencies should not be influenced by corruption-related factors. A combination of law and order in the government and law-abidingness in society will help the Ukrainian state reach a new level of development.
Analysis Correlation Study of Traffic Accident Characteristics on the Sungai Limau Road Section, Padang Pariaman Regency
Authors: Roza Angelalia , Fitrayadi Rahmat , Yusnita Yessy
Published: August 2024

Sungai Limau Highway Section, Padang Pariaman Regency Is an accident event that often occurs because this road section as a connecting route between the city of Pariaman and Agam regency and at the same time becomes a tourist spot adjacent to the coast causing a negative impact on public opinion and the security of private property, so as to suppress accidents, especially heavy accidents,  The main factors causing accidents as well as knowing the relationship and impact on the severity of accidents need to be analyzed. This study aims to analyze the main causes and see the correlation relationship with the main factors that cause traffic accidents on the Limau river road, Padang Pariaman Regency. This study used data on the number of accidents that occurred in 2021, 2022, 2023 with a total of 95 accidents. The data analysis method used in this study is a correlation test to determine the linear relationship between each accident variable and the AEK (Accident Equivalent Number) technique for the examination of the most severe accidents. The results of the analysis showed that the main factors that resulted in traffic accidents on the Sungai Limau Road Section of Padang Pariaman Regency, namely drivers, most occurred on Mondays, often occurred at bright times from 06:00 to 19:00, vehicles were dominant motorcycles, and accidents often occurred in Kuranji Hilir. In the 2021-2023 time frame, the highest traffic level on the Sungai Limau road section of Padang Pariaman Regency occurred in 2022 with the equivalent number of accidents of 325.
The Addition of Pore Holes in Paving Blocks in an Effort to Increase Infiltration
Authors: Oktovia Eli , Andayono Totoh
Published: August 2024

The problem of waterlogging and surface runoff on impermeable pavement surfaces requires finding new ways to manage water flow, especially from rainwater. The type of permeable pavement that is often used is paving block. The use of paving blocks for pavement materials is expected to reduce puddles that occur after rain. One way is to modify the paving block to be greater in seeping water into the soil. This study aims to determine the extent to which the effect of adding pore holes in paving block can increase water infiltration in surrounding soil. This research was conducted through testing in the Laboratory. The type of research is quantitative with experimental method using a rain simulator tool with variations of paving block. From the research results obtained that the addition of pores in the paving block affects the infiltration that occurs. This is evidenced by the increae in the value of infiltration, the infiltration rate value of normal paving block is 182.92-10.43 mm/hour, 2% ratio is 183.75-10.75 mm/hour, 5% ratio is 190.00-11.30 mm/hour, 7% ratio is 231.33-11.46 mm/hour, 10% ratio is 236.88-17.61 mm/hour. From the test results between pore holes with infiltration rate has a significant relationship of 0.037 (<0,05).
Spatial Analysis of Modeling Potential Flood Areas in Padang City using Google Earth Engine
Authors: Yunika Rahmi , Ashar Faisal
Published: August 2024

Flooding in Indonesia tends to increase from year to year, and one of the causes is high rainfall. Padang City is one of the areas that has high rainfall intensity which can trigger flooding. This research aims to present spatial information on flood-prone areas by processing data in Google Earth Engine (GEE) and determine the level of flood vulnerability in Padang City. GEE is a platform capable of processing geopatial data on a large scale using multi-temporal imagery and utilizing cloud computing technology that allows solving large problems in a short time. This research uses CHIRPS Dayli data: Climate Hazard Group Infrared Precipitation, NASA SRTM Digital Elevation 30 m, Sentinel 2-A and research administrative boundaries. This study uses rainfall, elevation, TPI, NDWI and NDVI parameters. Data analysis and processing in this study were fully carried out in GEE. The results showed that the area very prone to flooding has an area of 5569.46 ha or 8.03%. The prone area is 28064.57 ha or 40.46% and the non-prone area is 35726.20 ha or 51.51%. The results of this research are expected to help the government in flood mitigation in Padang City.
The Influence of Raft Thickness on Settlement and Bending Moment of Pile Raft Foundation in Clay Soil
Authors: Anggraini Nita , Sarifah Fitriana
Published: August 2024

Geotechnical engineers often deal with shallow foundation designs to support relatively simple building structures. However, as the demand for construction grows over time, there is a need for larger and more complex building structures. This is closely related to the weight of the building that will be supported by the foundation as a substructure. Therefore, the development of knowledge about other types of foundations to support the structural loads above them is highly necessary. Pile foundations are a fairly good solution for supporting larger structural loads that cause significant settlement. In designing pile foundations as a structure, there will certainly be raft to combine each pile foundation into a unified group. Raft are often designed only for combining each pile, but in reality, It also provides additional influence on the foundation system besides just serving as pile heads and load distributors to the foundation system. The study will investigate the influence of raft thickness on settlement that occurs in piled raft foundations. The raft thickness varies, namely 0.25m; 0.40m; 0.80m; 1.50m; and 3.00m. The piled raft foundation will be modeled and analyzed using finite element program. This study shows that the raft thickness affects the differential settlement that occurs in the piled raft foundation system. The results indicate that the differential settlement can be addressed by designing the raft thickness.
Subgrade Feasibility Analysis for Tourist Access Roads in Senggani Gorge, Tulungagung Using Laboratory CBR Testing
Authors: Cahyono Andri Dwi , Mahardana Zendy Bima , Dewanta Rendy Kurnia , Hidiyati Evita Fitrianis , Rivianto Arif
Published: August 2024

Highways have an important role in the economic and tourism sectors, providing easy accessibility and accelerating regional growth. Senggani Gorge, a tourist attraction in Nglurup Hamlet, Sentang District, Tulungagung Regency, is the main attraction with the charm of waterfalls and natural coffee plantations in the highlands. However, accessibility constraints arise because the path to the tourist attraction is still slippery and bumpy clay. Clay soil conditions pose access difficulties, so more research is needed to understand the potential use of clay soil as a base layer of road pavement. This study focused on a research system that involved soil sampling on the access road to Senggani Gorge. Experimental methods were used to evaluate the effect of using clay subgrades on such tourist road access. The laboratory CBR test was conducted to test the strength of clay subgrade in road pavement construction, with the main aim to determine the impact of its use on tourist access to Senggani Gorge in Tulungagung. The results showed the percentage of CBR in collision variations 10, 25, and 56, as well as a comparison with research in Nglurup Hamlet which reached a CBR value of 27%. These findings are expected to provide a dimension of comparison and generalization of results, broadening understanding of the use of clay soils as road construction materials in various locations.
Analysis of Soil Bearing Capacity in Kauman, Tulungagung as a Subgrade For Flexible Pavement
Authors: Fathurrohman Nadi Rheiza , Cahyono Andri Dwi , Sefiyanti Redyka , Pasya Salman Alfaridh , Oktabernandus Satria Perdana , Qalby Atsfiela Dzulkhan , Ichwan Zainal
Published: August 2024

This research aims to evaluate the bearing capacity of the soil in Kates Village, Kauman District, Tulungagung Regency, as a subgrade in flexible pavement through California Bearing Ratio (CBR) testing in the Civil Engineering Laboratory of Kadiri University. The tests were conducted with 56, 25, and 10 blows to determine their impact on the soil's density, strength, and stability. The results showed that soil with 56 blows had the highest CBR value of 28.660% at a 5.08 mm penetration, indicating excellent bearing capacity. The soil with 25 blows showed a CBR value of 17.060%, which is quite high, ensuring adequate stability and bearing capacity. Conversely, the soil with 10 blows had the lowest CBR value of 4.094%, indicating the need for additional compaction before being used in road construction. This research confirms that the number of blows has a significant impact on soil quality, with more intensive compaction improving the soil's density and stability. The final design CBR value obtained was 16%, leading to the conclusion that the soil in this area can be used as a subgrade for flexible pavement.
Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Pipe Strain Due to Jacking Force Case Study: Sudetan Ciliwung River Project to the East Flood Canal
Authors: Ayun Zaimah Qurrata , Awaludin Ali , Siswokarto Suprapto , Ismanti Sito
Published: August 2024

Pipe Jacking is an innovation in trenchless technology that has been utilized in various sectors including municipal wastewater systems, oil and gas transportation, and hydraulic engineering. One of the critical aspects to ensure the success and safety of the pipe jacking process is strain monitoring. This study discussed the strain characteristics of reinforced concrete pipe structures during pipe jacking. The analysis was conducted using a numerical approach, which compared to field monitoring. Field strain monitoring was performed by strategically placing strain gauges along the pipe during the jacking operation, resulting in real-time data on deformation and pressure values. When the strain was monitored, the numerical test was conducted simultaneously using finite element analysis of Rocscience 3D.  Those activities were done to consider the interaction between the reinforced concrete pipe and the surrounding soil. The strain analysis results indicated that the pipe responded during the pipe jacking process. The values of strain were various, depending on jacking force, condition of excavated soil layers, and distance between twin tunnels. The maximum stress occurred at the beginning of jacking process, when the pipe infiltrated into the soil with stress value of 512 kPa.
Impact Analysis of Implementing School Safe Zones (Case Study: ZoSS at SMPN 15 Padang and MTsN 1 Padang)
Authors: Oktaviani Oktaviani , Leonanda Benny Dwika , Putri Trigenta Sommya
Published: August 2024

The Padang city government has implemented the ZoSS program for two schools located close to each other in Koto Tangah District, namely SMPN 15 Padang and MTsN 1 Padang located on Jalan Adinegoro, Batipuh Panjang District. However, the function of the presence of ZoSS in these two schools is considered to be ineffective because there are still many motorbike drivers who travel at speeds exceeding the permitted speed limit when crossing the ZoSS area, even though the facilities are in accordance with the Director General of Land Transportation's regulations Number: SK3582/AJ.403/DRJD/2018. Therefore, the research aims to review the impact of implementing ZoSS on the speed of motorized vehicles and the characteristics of road crossing behavior on ZoSS in this area. The data used was obtained by conducting surveys and direct observations in the field. The survey carried out included a survey of instantaneous speed data (spot speed) of vehicles when crossing the ZoSS, and a survey of the characteristics of road crossing behavior on the ZoSS. after school.The results of the research concluded that the implementation of the ZoSS program at SMPN 15 Padang and MTsN 1 Padang, located on Jalan Adinegoro, was considered ineffective in terms of motor vehicle speed, because it exceeded the maximum speed limit (30 km /hour) when crossing the ZoSS with an average speed of 46.75 km/hour with the percentage of vehicles complying with the permitted speed still below 50%, and the behavior of pedestrians when crossing in the ZoSS area is categorized as "not yet safe" so there is the potential for accidents.Regulation.
Analysis of Student Problems on Acids and Bases Subject to Improve Problem-Solving Skills
Authors: Khaira Kuntum , Ibrahim Mohd Mokhzani
Published: August 2024

Acids and bases are one of the materials that students find difficult in learning chemistry. The objective of this study is to examine the difficulties encountered by students when learning about acids and bases, as well as their challenges in developing problem-solving abilities. Additionally, the study attempts to assess the importance of including ethical considerations in the problem-solving process. This is a qualitative study with a case study design. The study included a total of nine students and three lecturers from the chemistry education department of UIN Mahmud Yunus Batusangkar. Structured interviews were conducted to collect data, which was then analyzed using thematic analysis. The result revealed themes related to students' difficulties in studying acids and bases subject, namely understanding the initial concept, understanding the concept abstractly and complicatedly, memorizing formulas and theories, memorizing concepts and symbols, requiring deep understanding and thinking, and difficulty in calculating. Themes related to acid-base objectives that are difficult for students to master are the theory and concepts of acids and bases, naming acids and bases, water ionization, classifying acids and bases and calculating pH. Furthermore, the research results revealed that students were not adequately trained in the cultivation of problem-solving skills due to the teacher's failure to offer problem sets that effectively improved their problem-solving capabilities and were relevant to real-life situations. The importance of integrating ethics into the problem-solving process is underscored by several themes, including knowing Allah, increasing faith and piety in Allah, increasing students' insight and curiosity, enjoying learning chemistry, and ensuring that chemistry is not misused. For this reason, it is necessary to develop strategies, strengthen training and integrate ethics to improve problem-solving skills.