bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Temperature parameters in the combustion chambers of CUMMINS KTA-50 engines operating on various fuels under different fuel consumption rates
Authors: Dubov Georgiy , Bogomolov Alexander , Azikhanov Sergey , Strelnikov Pavel , Nokhrin Sergey
Published: October 2021

The issue of a comparative study of fuel consumption and temperature characteristics of gas-diesel BelAZ 75131 mining dump trucks equipped with an on-board cryogenic fuel system and hauling rock mass at the Kuzbass open-pit coal mine is considered in the article. A brief analysis of the efficiency of using liquefied natural gas (LNG) - methane - as a motor fuel for mining dump trucks is carried out. It is noted that the use of LNG fuel for heavy-duty dump trucks is one of the most promising ways to improve the environmental and economic performance during the operation of this type of mining equipment. The technique and instrumental base for conducting research are presented. The relationship between natural ratios of diesel fuel replacement with natural gas and the energy charge of these replacement is studied. The following data are presented: data on the consumption of vaporous (gaseous superheated) natural gas (hereinafter gaseous natural gas) during field operation of gas-diesel BelAZ 75131 mining dump trucks; flow rate of gaseous natural gas in pipelines; consumption of antifreeze at the inlet to the liquefied natural gas evaporator, as well as antifreeze temperature at the inlet and outlet of the evaporator; temperature of gaseous natural gas at the outlet of the reducer after the evaporator; data on the comparison of temperature profiles in the cylinders of CUMMINS KTA 50 internal combustion engine under diesel and gas-diesel operation.
Simulation of the power supply system of the coal mine section
Authors: Nepsha Fedor , Voronin Vyacheslav , Khoreshok Aleksei , Ermakov Aleksandr
Published: October 2021

At present, the designing of a power supply system for mine sections is performed in accordance with obsolete regulatory documents made in the early 90s of the 20th century. This slows down the implementation of the ‘digital mining operation’ concept and prevents the full potential for energy savings from being realized. At the same time, development of digital technologies makes the issues of computer simulation of the power supply system of the coal mine sections urgent. Simulating computer modelling is required to develop measures for increasing the efficiency of the power supply system of operating coal mines as well as for designing new coal mines. The article offers the methodology of forming simulation computer models for evaluation of the energy efficiency of the power supply system for a coal mine section. To ensure the correct development of active and reactive power consumption profiles, it is proposed to use scenario approach to modelling dynamic processes. As an example of using the proposed approach, one of the scenarios for the operation of power supply system of a mine section at one of the coal mines of Kuzbass is reviewed here. The proposed approach to scenario modelling of operating modes of a mine section ensures the correct modelling of dynamic processes for the subsequent assessment of the effectiveness of the use of intelligent devices for controlling the flows of active and reactive power, which will make it possible to accurately assess the effect of FACTS devices on the level of active power losses, as well as the quality indicators of the electrical energy. The proposed methodology can be used in the development of computer-aided design systems for the design of energy-efficient power supply systems for extraction areas.
Controlling coal rock massif hydro-treating process by instrumental and geophysical methods
Authors: Klishin Vladimir , Shadrin Alexander , Teleguz Alexander
Published: October 2021

Coal rock massif hydro-treating methods accompanied by crack initiation and propagation under influence of injected fluid pressure and applied for preventing gas-dynamic phenomena are studied in the article. The perspectives of applying acoustic methods for controlling the process of crack formation and effective preventive measures are also studied.
Actual strategies of interaction between government bodies and mining enterprises: personnel problems
Authors: Zaruba Natalia , Petrova Mariana , Vostrikov Konstantin , Wolfson Eduard , Nikiforova Olga
Published: October 2021

The subject of research in this article is the search for possible strategies to overcome the shortage of personnel for the mining industry. The purpose of the study is to prepare recommendations that will help implement HR strategies in mining companies. Method of research. The study used comparative and institutional approaches, as well as an empirical method – the method of observation. Research materials. When preparing the scientific article, the materials of reports of specialized structures of regional government bodies and reports of the rector of the Kuzbass state technical University were used. The results obtained will help to improve the rating indicators of mining enterprises for attracting qualified personnel. The study shows that only an integrated approach to the application of ethical HR technologies can make real progress in a reasonable time frame. The problem of reducing the number of trained specialists and the professionalism of personnel in the mining industry in the Kemerovo region remains particularly relevant. In this situation, there is an appeal of managers of industrial enterprises to educational institutions of any level to develop strategies to solve the personnel problems that have arisen. These managers have a desire to solve personnel issues together with the leading training centers in Kuzbass. The government of the Kemerovo region, the relevant ministries and the Kuzbass State Technical University constantly receive written requests to the rector to develop a personnel strategy for a specific enterprise. Following the instructions of the regional leadership, various departments of the University conduct research on personnel problems at the enterprise and offer their own strategies for overcoming them. The Department of state and municipal management conduct research with enterprises on the managerial aspect of personnel work related to interaction with state authorities in the region. Thanks to working contacts with the profile structures of regional management bodies, there is a constant personnel monitoring at problem enterprises with the involvement of employees of the Department. Based on the results of monitoring, detailed reports are compiled, which can be considered as the basis for developing personnel strategies that can be implemented by both public authorities and mining enterprises themselves.
Coal cluster as a structural factor in the development of Kuzbass
Authors: Fridman Yuri , Rechko Galina , Khokhrina Olesya
Published: October 2021

The article contains the results of the analysis of dynamics and structural transformations of employment and production of gross value added (GVA), carried out by the authors on the material of Kuzbass. The study was carried out using the shift-share analysis for 2007–2018. We can state that the employment dynamics, which was negative during this period, was determined primarily by regional factors. The dynamics of GVA was influenced by national (positive) and regional (negative) factors. The contribution of structural shifts to the growth of GVA over the past decade was negative and insignificant, and the decline in the number of employed occurred with a scarcely changed employment pattern. The coal cluster remains the core of the Kuzbass economy and retains the status of its most efficient sector – there are no obvious candidates for the role of a new leader. Meanwhile, the high dependence of the coal industry on external macroeconomic conditions, fluctuations in world markets, makes the strategic outlook of the entire region's economy vulnerable and unstable. Therefore, it is important to find and implement such model of the socio-economic transformation of Kuzbass, which will help protect and ensure the stability of the region for decades to come.
Study of basic environmental performance indicators of a coal mining enterprise
Authors: Mikhailov Vladimir , Galanina Tatyana , Bugrova Svetlana , Mikhailova Yana , Kulpina Evdokiya
Published: October 2021

Current processes of environmental law enforcement require the use of innovative approaches to the problem of environmental management. In this regard, an adequate choice of the environmental performance indicators of an enterprise and the technique for their analysis, aimed at developing efficient, environmentally friendly management decisions, is of great importance. The technique for calculating the environmental and eco-economic performance indicators of a coal mining enterprise, including using the weighted average hazard class of pollutants or production and consumption waste is discussed in the article. Various options for the application of this approach, which is of practical importance for reducing the labor intensity of management decision-making by industrial enterprises, are considered.
Corporate social responsibility and environmental protection
Authors: Verchagina Irina , Kolechkina Irina , Grigashkina Svetlana
Published: October 2021

The article explores the issue of the place and significance of measures for environmental protection and environmental management in the system of social responsibility of business. The retrospective of the concept of social responsibility of business, its modern content and approaches to the organization of activities are considered. The issues of applying the principles of responsible investment and its connection with the expansion of methods for assessing the effectiveness of socially responsible activities of mining companies in Russia have been studied.
Basics of building a risk-management system at mining enterprises
Authors: Chupryakova Alena , Kosinsky Petr , Takhtayeva Rimma
Published: October 2021

This paper reflects the problematic situation in the field of risk-management at mining enterprises. It is connected with the fact that not all hired top managers understand the role and importance of the risk management system in the overall management system of a mining enterprise. However, an increase in the number and weight of the consequences of the onset of risk events has recently changed the vision of senior management, business owners and other stakeholders in favor of recognizing the need to create in the structure of mining enterprises, if not separate, specialized structural units, in the form of a risk management service, then at least introduction of a staff unit of a specialist - a risk-manager , who clearly understands what the organization is doing to form and increase the value of a business and how he can influence this, demonstrating his professional knowledge, skills, and even some insight in anticipating future risks of a mining enterprise ... But the economic situation in the region, the country and the world does not allow, due to financial constraints, to fully implement the technologies developed in theory and fixed in practice for the application of methods and approaches to risk management in the mining industry, including the purchase of expensive software products that allow the formation of an effective risk-management system. Therefore, mining risk management professionals need to take full advantage of the potential and benefits of the GRC system, which has existed since 2004, which aims to use a common language and corporate risk management methodology to achieve the company's strategic goals. The results of the studies presented in this paper state that the main risks that the owners of mining enterprises are concerned about are financial risks and operational risks, legal risks, commercial risks and the risk of fraud, as well as natural, environmental and man-made risks, but a significant part of mining enterprises in the region does not have a well-developed risk management system, does not carry out systematic work to identify risks, assess risks and their possible consequences, and therefore: either operate at extreme risk, taking catastrophic risk, or work at the margin of profitability, refusing to accept risks, even there, where you really need it. However, one should proceed from their understanding that technologies in the field of corporate governance of mining enterprises, including risk management, can not only form lines of defence against risks, but also increase the value of a mining enterprise through an effective risk-management system.
Quantitative and Qualitative Assessment of the Structural Convergence of the Economy in the Transition to Sustainable Development
Authors: Zhironkin Sergey , Zhironkina Olga , Voloshin Andrey , Suslova Julia , Shorokhov Roman
Published: October 2021

At the present stage of the transition to sustainable development, when the share of a green economy in technologically advanced countries reaches one third of GDP, overcoming the structural crisis of the Russia is inseparable from reducing the technological gap and structural imbalances in the economy. These imbalances alienate Russia from ecologically and technologically advanced countries. Therefore, it is highly relevant to develop a methodology for assessing the structural convergence of the economy in the context of the transition to sustainable development, accompanied in developed countries by a new type of structural shift caused by the expansion of convergent technologies, the emergence of new principles of sectoral genesis and the formation of a green economy. The deepening of the divergent nature of Russian economy development was the result of a series of negative structural shifts that consolidated the dominance of extractive and resource-intensive industries, which threaten the final loss of technological identity, consolidation of the recessive trend and a lag in the transition to sustainable development. Therefore, today it is extremely important to formulate a methodology for assessing the structural convergence of Russian economy with technological and ecologically advanced countries, taking into account both quantitative and qualitative aspects.
Limitations of the implementation of the concept of sustainable development in a coal mining region (the case of the Kemerovo region - Kuzbass)
Authors: Zonova Olga , Kudrevatykh Natalia , Sheveleva Oksana , Slesarenko Ekaterina , Vagina Nina
Published: October 2021

A three-pronged approach to sustainable development of coalmining regions, which involves the combination of social stability, economic efficiency and environmental sustainability, is discussed in the article. The factors that restrain the increase in the social well-being of the population and the reduction of the environmental burden are identified in the context of the presented limitations on the implementation of the concept of sustainable development of coal mining territories.
Polynomial algorithms for some scheduling problems with one nonrenewable resource
Authors: Sahli Abderrahim , Carlier Jacques , Moukrim Aziz
Published: October 2021

This paper deals with the Extended Resource Constrained Project Scheduling Problem (ERCPSP) which is defined by events, nonrenewable resources and precedence constraints between pairs of events. The availability of a resource is depleted and replenished at the occurrence times of a set of events. The decision problem of ERCPSP consists of determining whether an instance has a feasible schedule or not. When there is only one nonrenewable resource, this problem is equivalent to find a feasible schedule that minimizes the number of resource units initially required. It generalizes the maximum cumulative cost problem and the two-machine maximum completion time flow-shop problem. In this paper, we consider this problem with some specific precedence constraints: parallel chains, series-parallel and interval order precedence constraints. For the first two cases, polynomial algorithms based on a linear decomposition of chains are proposed. For the third case, a polynomial algorithm is introduced to solve it. The priority between events is defined using the properties of interval orders.
SOP CRS und HIPEC für peritoneale Metastasen mit gastrointestinalem Ursprung
Authors: Blaj Sebastian , Piso Pompiliu
Published: October 2021

Die peritoneal metastasierten Malignome des Gastrointestinaltrakts stellen eine therapeutische Herausforderung dar. Die makroskopisch komplette zytoreduktive Chirurgie (CRS) gefolgt von hyperthermer intraperitonealer Chemotherapie (HIPEC) ermöglicht eine substanzielle Verbesserung des Outcomes bei hochselektionierten Patienten gegenüber alleiniger systemischer Chemotherapie 1. Diese SOP beschreibt die Auswahlkriterien und das Vorgehen.
To lead or not to lead: regional powers and regional leadership
Authors: Nolte Detlef , Schenoni Luis L.
Published: October 2021

Recent trends demonstrate that states with sufficient capabilities to be granted regional power status by its peers (primarily other states within their region) can nonetheless renounce regional leadership. This article analyzes the puzzling behavior of these detached or reluctant regional powers. We argue that resorting to an approach grounded in neoclassical realism is helpful to explain why regional powers might not exercise leadership. In this article regional leadership is conceptualized as an auxiliary goal within the grand strategy of a regional power. This goal will be pursued in the absence of certain structural and domestic constraints. Great power competition determines the incentives for regional leadership at the structural level. Capacity to extract and mobilize resources for foreign policy affects the decision to pursue leadership at the domestic level. We apply the analytical framework to analyze Brazil’s detachment from South America after the Cardoso and Lula presidencies.
Parameters to identify good quality oocytes and embryos in cattle
Authors: Wrenzycki Christine
Published: October 2021

Oocyte/embryo selection methodologies are either invasive or noninvasive and can be applied at various stages of development from the oocyte to cleaved embryos and up to the blastocyst stage. Morphology and the proportion of embryos developing to the blastocyst stage are important criteria to assess developmental competence. Evaluation of morphology remains the method of choice for selecting viable oocytes for IVP or embryos prior to transfer. Although non-invasive approaches are improving, invasive ones have been extremely helpful in finding candidate genes to determine oocyte/embryo quality. There is still a strong need for further refinement of existing oocyte and embryo selection methods and quality parameters. The development of novel, robust and non-invasive procedures will ensure that only embryos with the highest developmental potential are chosen for transfer. In the present review, various methods for assessing the quality of oocytes and preimplantation embryos, particularly in cattle, are considered. These methods include assessment of morphology including different staining procedures, transcriptomic and proteomic analyses, metabolic profiling, as well as the use of artificial intelligence technologies.
Calcineurin regulates the stability and activity of estrogen receptor α
Authors: Masaki Takahiro , Habara Makoto , Sato Yuki , Goshima Takahiro , Maeda Keisuke , Hanaki Shunsuke , Shimada Midori
Published: October 2021

Significance

Estrogen receptor α (ER-α) mediates estrogen-dependent cancer progression and is expressed in most breast cancer cells. We now show that calcineurin, a Ca
2+
-dependent protein phosphatase, plays a previously unrecognized role in the regulation of ER-α stability and activity. Calcineurin stabilizes ER-α by mediating its dephosphorylation at Ser
294
and thereby preventing its degradation by the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway. Calcineurin mediates ER-α activation by promoting its phosphorylation at Ser
118
by mTOR. A high level of calcineurin gene expression was also found to be associated with a poor prognosis of ER-α–positive breast cancer patients treated with endocrine therapeutic agents. We therefore propose that the selective inhibition of calcineurin might be an effective approach to the treatment of ER-α–positive breast cancer.
Microstructural characterization of dissimilar weld joint between ferritic steel and stainless steel
Authors: Karthick K. , Malarvizhi S. , Balasubramanian V.
Published: October 2021

In this investigation, microstructural variation across the dissimilar weld joint between modified 9Cr-1Mo ferritic steel and 316LN stainless steel with nickel-based filler metal was fabricated and characterized by various techniques. It was observed that the heterogeneous microstructure and non-uniform microhardness were developed across the dissimilar weld joint. Carbon-depleted soft zone, carbon-enriched hard zone, type I and type II boundaries are evident at the P91 heat-affected zone (HAZ) – buttering layer interface. An unmixed zone was observed at the weld metal-316 LN stainless steel HAZ interface. Distinct microstructures were developed across the dissimilar weld joint are due to the mismatch in chemical composition, crystal structure and melting temperature difference between base metals and filler metal.
Primordial Power Spectrum reconstruction from CMB Weak Lensing Power Spectrum
Authors: Chandra Rajorshi Sushovan , Souradeep Tarun
Published: October 2021

We use the modified and improved Richardson-Lucy (IRL) deconvolution
algorithm to reconstruct the Primordial Power Spectrum (PPS) from the Weak Lensing Power Spectrum CL

ϕϕ reconstructed from CMB anisotropies. This provides an independent window to observe and constrain the PPS PR
(k) along different k scales as compared to CMB Temperature Power Spectrum. The Weak Lensing Power Spectrum does not contain secondary variations in power and hence is cleaner, unlike the Temperature Power Spectrum which suffers from lensing which must be addressed during PPS reconstructions. We demonstrate that the physical behaviour of the weak lensing kernel is unique and reconstructs broad features over k. We provide an in-depth analysis of the error propagation using simulated data and Monte-Carlo sampling, using Planck best-fit cosmological parameters to simulate the data with cosmic variance limited error bars. The error and initial condition analyses provide a clear picture of the optimal reconstruction region for the estimator while providing a detailed statistical insight of the results. We also provide an algorithm for PR
(k) sampling sparsity to be used based on the given data and errors, to optimize statistical significance. Eventually we plan to use this method on actual mission data and provide a cross reference to PPS reconstructed from other sectors and any possible features in them.
Climatic Determinism and the Conceptualization of the Tropics in British India
Authors: Ray Chowdhury Rituparna
Published: October 2021

The geographic concept of tropicality emerged as an operative tool in the colonizing efforts of the European powers in the 18th and 19th centuries. Since the colonizing encounters proved fatal for many Europeans in South Asia, particularly during the initial phase of settlement when their mortality rate was far higher than that of the natives, attempts were made to understand the impact of the tropical climate upon the Western constitution. Based on the ancient Hippocratic doctrines of humoral pathology and the narrative of Enlightenment thinkers, colonial medical professionals endeavored to determine a correlation between health and environment. According to Western classical understanding, health was dependent upon various climatic and environmental factors. With the prevailing perception that the oppressive climatic conditions of India and its hazardous disease-infused environs were inimical to the survival of the Anglo-Indians in South Asia, the ancient concept of climatic determinism was revitalized during the colonial period. This theory, which argued that people tended to resemble the dominant characteristics of the climate in which they lived, proved convenient at a time of aggressive expansion, when moral grounds were required for justifying the Western designs of conquest and exploitation. Explanations like environmental determinism encouraged conjectures that the tropical climate of India bred only “lazy” and “degenerative” people, in contrast to the “manly” and “strong” individuals of the temperate zone. This notion, with its insidious veneer of rationality, facilitated a justification of the ideology of imperial colonization, while also discouraging permanent settlement of the European colonizers upon Indian soil.
The Impact of International Experiential Learning and the Community and University Partnership Supporting Global Citizenship in U.S. Schools
Authors: Krimbill Elisabeth , Scott Lawrence , Carter Amy
Published: October 2021

As global citizens, we have an increasing international interdependence that now impacts the way we solve problems and interact with one another. Intentionally planed travel abroad has the potential to transform lives by creating a greater global and personal awareness, where adolescents see themselves as not just members of their local community, but also a global community. In an attempt to prepare students for an international and interdependent world, one inner-city nonprofit agency partnered with a local university in South Texas to provide overseas experiential learning opportunities paired with service-learning projects. Through one innovative program, more than 600 students have traveled to more than 20 countries as a full-immersion experience, most of which were centered on service-learning opportunities. The students in this program had the opportunity to examine their prejudices, assumptions, and fears while learning about themselves and developing deeper relationships with members of their school and local community through global outreach.
The Need for a Critical School-Family Policy Analysis Perspective in the Spanish School Reform Framework
Authors: Collet-Sabé Jordi , Olmedo Antonio
Published: October 2021

Since 1970, education reform in Spain and many other countries has proposed changes to existing school-family relationships. Such school reforms and subsequent legislation are key to the production of norms; that is, they define what a “good” school is and what “good” parents are and, consequently, determine the sort of “good” connections and associations between them. Critical analyses of school-family relationships in school reforms have been carried out in different countries, especially England, questioning their neutrality. Such analyses highlight how power relations are deeply embedded in family-school relationships and throughout different processes and bodies (e.g., interviews, meetings, parents’ associations, and school governing body). Thus, all school reforms have strong implications in terms of inclusion/exclusion, heterogeneity/homogeneity, and equality/inequality. Following a critical policy sociological approach, family-school relations are analyzed in the context of Spanish school reforms since the democratic transition in the 1970s up to the present. In the 1970s and all the way through the 1980s, schools were conceived, at least discursively, as a democratic community where parents, as a collective and as diverse actors, played an important role. Since the 1990s, and especially in the first decade of the 21st century, through small shifts in school reforms and laws, families have become managers and consumers in the form of rational choosers. As in many other countries, notably England, in the first decades of the 21st century, neoliberal rationality sees good parenting and good family-school relations as a neutral issue, hiding behind them a push toward managerialism, individualization, and depoliticization. This involves a new model that has strong and broader implications, particularly in terms of social exclusion, homogenization, and inequalities. The implications of this new model and future research directions are considered in order to rethink current school-family relationships with the aim of promoting more democratic, equitable, and inclusive practices.
Utilizing Participatory Action Research to Build an Inclusive Classroom Community in France
Authors: Eilers Nicole
Published: October 2021

Inclusive education is increasingly prioritized in legislation and policy across the globe. Historically, the concept of inclusion within educational contexts refers primarily to the placement of students with disabilities in general education classrooms. More recent descriptions of inclusive education focus on ensuring that all children can access and participate in physical, social, and academic aspects of the classroom. However, a growing body of research suggests that students continue to experience exclusion even within educational contexts that express a commitment to inclusion. In France, a growing number of private, independent schools seek to create the inclusive environments that, despite the ministry of education’s initiatives focused on inclusion, the public school system does not yet provide. One such school engaged in a participatory action research project to create an inclusive classroom that responded to the evolving needs and interests of the community, resulting in a sense of belonging for all members. As all classroom community members (students, families, and teachers) participated in the project of creating an inclusive classroom, the elements of participatory action research allowed inclusion to become a flexible, ongoing, and reflexive practice of identifying and responding to contextually specific needs of classroom members. Approaching inclusion as a participatory action research project in the classroom offers a promising approach to moving beyond interpretations of inclusion that fail to actively address pervasive inequalities and their impact on classroom experiences.
Adjectival Suffixes: From Latin to Romance
Authors: Rainer Franz
Published: October 2021

All languages seem to have nouns and verbs, while the dimension of the class of adjectives varies considerably cross-linguistically. In some languages, verbs or, to a lesser extent, nouns take over the functions that adjectives fulfill in Indo-European languages. Like other such languages, Latin and the Romance languages have a rich category of adjectives, with a well-developed inventory of patterns of word formation that can be used to enrich it. There are about 100 patterns in Romance standard languages. The semantic categories expressed by adjectival derivation in Latin have remained remarkably stable in Romance, despite important changes at the level of single patterns. To some extent, this stability is certainly due to the profound process of relatinization that especially the Romance standard languages have undergone over the last 1,000 years; however, we may assume that it also reflects the cognitive importance of the semantic categories involved. Losses were mainly due to phonological attrition (Latin unstressed suffixes were generally doomed) and to the fact that many derived adjectives became nouns via ellipsis, thereby often reducing the stock of adjectives. At the same time, new adjectival patterns arose as a consequence of language contact and through semantic change, processes of noun–adjective conversion, and the transformation of evaluative suffixes into ethnic suffixes. Overall, the inventory of adjectival patterns of word formation is richer in present-day Romance languages than it was in Latin.
A reinterrogation of South African child welfare discourse: A case for decolonisation?
Authors: Schmid Jeanette
Published: October 2021

Relying on discourse analysis and critical social work, this article explores the relevance of a decolonisation discourse to South African child welfare. A child welfare discourse of coloniality emerges from Australia, New Zealand and Canada. This emphasises the role that colonisation has played in eradicating indigenous persons or alternately assimilating subjugated populations to Western norms and sensibilities and maintains that coloniality persists in contemporary child welfare. South African child welfare has not been explicitly problematised as furthering coloniality. There have been transformation efforts post-apartheid relating to the legislative/policy environment and increasing racial representation and community-based access. However, the colonial and apartheid roots of South African child welfare persist in impacting child welfare, particularly by overriding local ways of being. A decolonisation discourse is needed to identify the various ways in which the child welfare system replicates colonising processes and how these can be interrupted. To do so, the individualised, intrusive, punitive, statutory Child Protection discourse must be replaced, structural issues prioritised, intergenerational and contemporary trauma centred, liberatory indigenous child-rearing practices privileged and local knowledges curated and used to inform the child welfare process.
Optimized wavelet packet analysis for photovoltaic wave power suppression
Authors: Liu Xiaolong , Li Xinran , Meng Ya , Chen Changqin , Yang Yang
Published: October 2021

The hybrid energy storage system (HESS) is composed of lithium-ion battery packs and supercapacitors (SCs), it can better stabilize the output of photovoltaic (PV) in the microgrid. The wavelet packet analysis method is used to decompose the output power of PV, and the power components of different frequency bands can be obtained. However, the traditional wavelet packet decomposition method has a fixed number of decomposition layers and cannot track changes in the output power of PV in real time. This paper proposes an improved wavelet packet decomposition method: considering the fluctuation of solar cell output power and the current working status of the HESS, the fuzzy control algorithm is used to adjust the number of wavelet packet layers in real-time to realize the adaptive process of power fluctuation in the stable process, and taking into account the state of charge of lithium-ion batteries and SCs, fuzzy control is used to allocate their secondary output power to improve the stability effect. Experiments show that compared with the traditional wavelet packet-based control method, the control method proposed in this paper improves the control effect by 4.5%.
Bacterial xylan utilization regulons: systems for coupling depolymerization of methylglucuronoxylans with assimilation and metabolism
Authors: Chow Virgina , Nong Guang , St John Franz J , Sawhney Neha , Rice John D , Preston James F
Published: October 2021

Bioconversion of lignocellulosic resources offers an economically promising path to renewable energy. Technological challenges to achieving bioconversion include the development of cost-effective processes that render the cellulose and hemicellulose components of these resources to fermentable hexoses and pentoses. Natural bioprocessing of the hemicellulose fraction of lignocellulosic biomass requires depolymerization of methylglucuronoxylans. This requires secretion of endoxylanases that release xylooligosaccharides and aldouronates. Physiological, biochemical, and genetic studies with selected bacteria support a process in which a cell-anchored multimodular GH10 endoxylanase catalyzes release of the hydrolysis products, aldotetrauronate, xylotriose, and xylobiose, which are directly assimilated and metabolized. Gene clusters encoding intracellular enzymes, including α-glucuronidase, endoxylanase, β-xylosidase, ABC transporter proteins, and transcriptional regulators, are coordinately responsive to substrate induction or repression. The rapid rates of glucuronoxylan utilization and microbial growth, along with the absence of detectable products of depolymerization in the medium, indicate that assimilation and depolymerization are coupled processes. Genomic comparisons provide evidence that such systems occur in xylanolytic species in several genera, including Clostridium, Geobacillus, Paenibacillus, and Thermotoga. These systems offer promise, either in their native configurations or through gene transfer to other organisms, to develop biocatalysts for efficient production of fuels and chemicals from the hemicellulose fractions of lignocellulosic resources.
Dressing the Part: Gender Differences in Residents’ Experiences of Feedback in Internal Medicine
Authors: Billick Maxime , Rassos James , Ginsburg Shiphra
Published: October 2021

Purpose

Multiple studies demonstrate that assessment of residents differs by gender, yet little is known about how these differences are experienced by women and men. The authors sought to understand whether the experience of being assessed and receiving feedback differs between men and women internal medicine (IM) residents and how women respond to these experiences.

Method

A constructivist grounded theory approach to data collection and interpretation was used. The authors invited all IM residents in postgraduate years 1–3 at the University of Toronto to participate in semistructured focus groups (August–October 2019). Twenty-two residents participated (8 men, 14 women). Focus groups were divided by gender and training level.

Results

The authors found a profound difference in experiences of receiving feedback between men and women residents. The themes of challenges to power and authority, tactics to reestablish power and authority, conflicting feedback from attendings, and ways of moving forward all diverged between men and women residents. Women repeatedly brought up feedback outside of official assessment moments and relied on symbols, such as a white coat, stethoscope, and demure clothing, to “dress the part” of a physician. Women also encountered conflicting feedback from supervisors regarding confidence and assertiveness (e.g., sometimes told to be more assertive, other times to be less), often resulting in self-censorship; similar feedback was rarely noted by men.

Conclusions

Gendered differences in the experiences of being assessed and receiving feedback are not always reflected in standard measures. Gender and medicine can be considered performative, and these findings demonstrate women IM residents integrate multiple forms of feedback to create the persona of the woman physician. The authors believe this research contributes a unique vantage point to the experience of women residents interpreting explicit and implicit feedback in IM and highlights the socialization that occurs to become a woman physician.
Revision Rhinoplasty after Open Rhinoplasty: Lessons from 252 Cases and Analysis of Risk Factors
Authors: Sibar Serhat , Findikcioglu Kemal , Pasinlioglu Burak
Published: October 2021

Background:

In this study, patients who required aesthetic revision surgery after open rhinoplasty were retrospectively screened for risk factors.

Methods:

Two hundred fifty-two patients who underwent revision were included in the study. Nasal deformities before the revision were determined for each patient and evaluated in terms of their statistical relationship with preoperative nasal morphology and surgical techniques used.

Results:

The revision rate was found to be 10.8 percent. The three most common aesthetic reasons for revision were insufficient nasal tip rotation (37.7 percent), hanging columella (30.2 percent), and supratip deformity (28.6 percent). According to logistic regression analysis, the use of a strut increased the risk of inadequate nasal tip rotation by 5.3-fold compared to the tongue-in-groove technique, whereas inadequate nasal tip projection before surgery increased this risk by 2-fold. Being older than 40 years increased the risk of hanging columella by 6.8-fold, whereas the use of strut grafting instead of the tongue-in-groove technique increased this risk by 5.9-fold. The use of strut grafts instead of the tongue-in-groove technique increased the risk of supratip deformity by 2.2-fold.

Conclusions:

To ensure adequate nasal tip rotation after surgery in patients with advanced age and low nasal tip projection and rotation, it will be more appropriate to either use the tongue-in-groove technique or rotate the nasal tip more than normal. In patients with advanced age (>40 years) and low nasolabial angle before surgery, the use of tongue-in-groove technique instead of strut grafting may be advantageous for reducing the incidence of supratip and hanging columella.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:

Risk, III.
Medical Leadership: Experiences in the Use of Shared and Parental Leadership to Improve Academic Performance in the Management of a National Plastic Surgery Unit in China
Authors: Li Jie , Ng Sally Kiu-Huen , Xu Yuanjin , Li Qingfeng , Wang Li , Zhang Yixin
Published: October 2021

Background:

Effective leadership is an integral component for optimal academic performance of surgical units. As one of the leading plastic surgery academic medical centers in China, the authors would like to share their experiences of using the combined parental and shared leadership approach in managing their surgical staff within the department. It has taken into account the essence of Eastern moral philosophies and Western leadership theories.

Methods:

The authors performed a review of the academic development of their staff and changes in the academic productivity of the department between 1999 and 2018. The difference between the first 10 years (1999 to 2008) and second 10 years (2009 to 2018) was analyzed to assess the effectiveness of the authors’ leadership approach.

Results:

There is an increase in the number of Science Citation Index articles published in the past decade with a higher impact factor and more articles published in international journals. The timing to promotion was on average 8.4 years. The average age of promotion to consultants has increased, likely because of a later start in the training. With similar average age, prior education, and gender ratio of surgeons in the unit, the department also received 14 times more in research funding and four times more in national key topic research topic.

Conclusions:

The effective application of this combined leadership approach has significantly improved the academic productivity and quality of the authors’ residents and surgeons and the academic advancement of the unit.
Long Pedicled Superficial Circumflex Iliac Artery Flap Based on a Medial Superficial Branch
Authors: Kwon Jin Geun , Pereira Nicolas , Tonaree Warangkana , Brown Erin , Hong Joon Pio , Suh Hyunsuk Peter
Published: October 2021

Background:

A superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator flap has several advantages, such as reduced thickness, minimal donor-site morbidity, and inconspicuous scar. However, the application of a superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator flap is restricted because of its limited pedicle length. The aim of this article was to outline the technical modifications of superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator flap elevation to obtain long pedicles.

Methods:

This is a prospective study of 31 consecutive patients who required a long pedicled superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator flap between September of 2016 and December of 2019 at the authors’ center. According to a preoperatively marked pathway of the superficial branch of the superficial circumflex iliac artery, the superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator flap was designed. During the elevation, the design was modified according to the perforator location in the free-style technique. The characteristics of the patients and the flaps, including pedicle length, were recorded. The revision rate, complication rate, and need for a secondary procedure were analyzed.

Results:

The mean follow-up period was 563 days (range, 92 to 1383 days). The mean length of the pedicle obtained was 6.9 cm (range, 6 to 8 cm) from the point where the pedicle merges into the flap. Long pedicles were anastomosed to the main source vessel or branch without tension. No major complications were reported.

Conclusions:

Overcoming the short pedicle length of a superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator flap by designing the flap laterally and performing an intraflap dissection is a reliable option when a longer pedicle is required, irrespective of the specific anatomy of the superficial circumflex iliac artery.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:

Therapeutic, IV.
Learning to practice medicine during COVID-19 and mucormycosis epidemics: an intern perspective from India
Authors: Bansal Varun V. , Ozair Ahmad
Published: October 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly affected medical education and training experiences for interns and resident doctors. As medical schools shifted their teaching curriculum to virtual platforms, most senior medical students lacked sufficient clinical exposure as they missed out on in-hospital rotations before beginning their intern year. In this article, we share our experience in transitioning from medical school to our intern year while working in COVID and non-COVID facilities. We discuss our challenges while learning basic skills in a resource-limited setting during a period of high patient mortality because of COVID-19 and Mucormycosis.
MLF2 modulates phase separated nuclear envelope condensates that provoke dual proteotoxicity
Authors: Prophet Sarah M , Rampello Anthony J , Niescier Robert F , Shaw Juliana E , Koleske Anthony J , Schlieker Christian
Published: October 2021

DYT1 dystonia is a highly debilitating neurological movement disorder arising from mutation in the AAA+ ATPase TorsinA. The hallmark of Torsin dysfunction is nuclear envelope blebbing resulting from defects in nuclear pore complex biogenesis. Whether blebs actively contribute to disease manifestation is presently unknown. We report that FG-nucleoporins in the bleb lumen undergo phase separation and contribute to DYT1 dystonia by provoking two proteotoxic insults. Short-lived ubiquitinated proteins that are normally rapidly degraded in healthy cells partition into the bleb lumen and become stabilized. Additionally, blebs selectively sequester a chaperone network composed of HSP70s and HSP40s. The composition of this chaperone network is altered by the bleb component MLF2. We further demonstrate that MLF2 is a catalyst of phase separation that suppresses the ectopic accumulation of FG-nucleoporins and modulates the selective properties and size of condensates in vitro. Our studies identify unprecedented, dual mechanisms of proteotoxicity in the context of liquid-liquid phase separation with direct implications for our understanding of disease etiology and treatment.
When is (D,K) anS-accr pair?
Authors: Visweswaran Subramanian
Published: October 2021

Purpose

The purpose of this article is to determine necessary and sufficient conditions in order that (D,K) to be anS-accr pair, whereDis an integral domain andKis a field which containsDas a subring andSis a multiplicatively closed subset ofD.

Design/methodology/approach

The methods used are from the topic multiplicative ideal theory from commutative ring theory.

Findings

LetSbe a strongly multiplicatively closed subset of an integral domainDsuch that the ring of fractions ofDwith respect toSis not a field. Then it is shown that (D,K) is anS-accr pair if and only ifKis algebraic overDand the integral closure of the ring of fractions ofDwith respect toSinKis a one-dimensional Prüfer domain. LetD,S,Kbe as above. If each intermediate domain betweenDandKsatisfiesS-strong accr*, then it is shown thatKis algebraic overDand the integral closure of the ring of fractions ofDwith respect toSis a Dedekind domain; the separable degree ofKoverFis finite andKhas finite exponent overF, whereFis the quotient field ofD.

Originality/value

Motivated by the work of some researchers onS-accr, the concept ofS-strong accr* is introduced and we determine some necessary conditions in order that (D,K) to be anS-strong accr* pair. This study helps us to understand the behaviour of the rings betweenDandK.