bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distribuição e Análise Espacial dos Municípios do Estado do Rio de Janeiro nos Blocos Regionais de Concessão à Privatização da Principal Companhia de Saneamento do Estado
Authors: Sotero-Martins Adriana , Salles Maria José , Carvajal Elvira , Handam Natasha Berendonk , Dos Santos Junior Norberto , De Almeida Thiago Corrêa , Moura Priscila Gonçalves , Dos Santos Rejany Ferreira , Martin Luis Eduardo
Published: July 2020

Esse trabalho teve como objetivo analisar os potenciais impactos à saúde  da população, residente em diferentes espaços geográficos da região fluminense, frente  ao Edital de Concorrência Internacional, que trata da proposta de ”Concessão dos Serviços Públicos de Abastecimento de Água e Esgotamento Sanitário, por Blocos de Municípios do Estado do Rio de Janeiro edital de Concessão dos Serviços de Abastecimento de Água e Esgotamento Sanitário do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Foram construídos bancos de dados em programas de sistemas de informação geográficas (SIG), com dados secundários disponíveis, relacionados a indicadores de saneamento e correlacionados, para os municípios do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (ERJ) e para os bairros da capital do estado (MRJ). Informações divulgadas na mídia sobre a recusa de o MRJ vir a assinar o contrato de concessão para compor os blocos de forma fracionada, diminuiria a possibilidade de o projeto atrair as empresas. Com base nos dados espaciais foi possível avaliar a estruturação do projeto de concessão inclui a financeirização de bens comuns, faz-se necessário que sejam explicitados de forma clara e detalhada os indicadores de desempenho e os encargos dos concessionários,  e portanto,  garantir o acesso a água, que é essencial à vida  e consequentemente a saúde pública
Application of the PISA design model to monopiles embedded in layered soils
Authors: Burd Harvey J. , Abadie Christelle N. , Byrne Byron W. , Houlsby Guy T. , Martin Christopher M. , McAdam Ross A. , Jardine Richard J. , Pedro Antonio M. G. , Potts David M. , Taborda David M. G. , Zdravković Lidija , Andrade Miguel Pacheco
Published: July 2020

The PISA design model is a procedure for the analysis of monopile foundations for offshore wind turbine applications. This design model has been previously calibrated for homogeneous soils; this paper extends the modelling approach to the analysis of monopiles installed at sites where the soil profile is layered. The paper describes a computational study on monopiles embedded in layered soil configurations comprising selected combinations of soft and stiff clay and sand at a range of relative densities. The study comprises (a) analyses of monopile behaviour using detailed three-dimensional (3D) finite-element analysis, and (b) calculations employing the PISA design model. Results from the 3D analyses are used to explore the various influences that soil layering has on the performance of the monopile. The fidelity of the PISA design model is assessed by comparisons with data obtained from equivalent 3D finite-element analyses, demonstrating a good agreement in most cases. This comparative study demonstrates that the PISA design model can be applied successfully to layered soil configurations, except in certain cases involving combinations of very soft clay and very dense sand.
Dr. Gil I. Wolfe Neuromuscular Disease Update: What’s of Note from 2019-2020?
Authors: Wolfe Gil
Published: July 2020

As I have constructed these in recent years, this review runs “In reverse” from skeletal muscle retrograde to the motor neuron. All studies were published in 2019 or 2020, and within one year of preparation of this bulleted syllabus. I focus mainly on management issues but there is a bit of pathogenesis mixed in. I hope the review provides a framework for some of the advances in our field in the last year.
Safety of Needle Electromyography in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Nagarajan Elanagan , Bollu Pradeep , Digala Lakshmi , Yelam Anudeep , Govindarajan Raghav , Brannagan Thomas
Published: July 2020

Introduction: To evaluate the safety of needle electromyography (EMG) in critically ill intensive care unit (ICU) patients who are on anticoagulants and have comorbidities that increase the risk of bleeding and infections.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of critically ill patients who underwent needle EMG studies. The most common complications followed by needle EMG were reviewed and classified based upon common terminology criteria for adverse events (CTAC) criteria. Descriptive statistics were reported using the frequencies and percentages for categorical variables. The mean and interquartile range is used for continuous variables. All analyses were conducted using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (IBM SPSS Statistic Version 21, IMB Inc., Chicago, IL.

Results: Twenty-nine patients were included. 17 (58.6%) were males with a mean age of 60.8 +/- 16.7 years.  The mean PT, PTT, and INR were 15.2 sec, 36.5 seconds, and 1.13, respectively. Fourteen (48.2%) patients in this cohort were treated with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), and an additional 8 (27.5%) patients were administered subcutaneous (SC) heparin for deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis. Therapeutic heparin was being used in 3 (10.3%) patients and sequential compression devices (SCDs) in 4 (13.7%) patients. A total of 228 muscles were tested. Among them, 38 (16.6%) were deep muscles. There were no major bleeding complications at the time of the procedure and for the next seven days in any of the patients, including those with multiple medical comorbidities. All our patients met the grade 1 scale in the severity of adverse events criteria proposed by CTCAE.

Conclusion: Needle EMG is safe in critically ill ICU patients on anticoagulants and multiple comorbidities including those that increase the risk of bleeding and infection.
TB myositis in a patient with dermatomyositis post immunosuppression
Authors: Rameez Fnu , Twydell Paul
Published: July 2020

55-year-old African female with a history of initially refractory TIF1-y antibody positive dermatomyositis, with progressive proximal muscle weakness with difficulty swallowing, requiring regular inpatient admissions with the administration of IV steroids and IVIG. The patient was started on immunosuppression with mycophenolate as a steroid sparing agent. The patient slowly improved after initiation of immunosuppression, with a significant reduction in her rash, weakness, and dysphagia. After a few months of therapy, the patient noted pain in the right axilla and proximal right lower extremity with swelling and pain limiting her mobility. There was a concern for underlying malignancy for which PET scan was done, which showed hypermetabolic edema and swelling of musculature involving right thigh, right pectoral minor and left scapularis consistent with infectious or inflammatory myositis. Concern for focal dermatomyositis was raised and the patient received pulse IV steroids over 5 days with initial improvement. The patient later developed fevers, night sweats and chills, for which the patient was seen in ED. Initial vitals were concerning for sepsis, due to which patient was started on broad-spectrum antibiotics. CT scan of the chest and right lower extremity were done which showed, no pulmonary infiltrates, 5 cm right pectoralis minor and 9.4 cm right gluteus minimus fluid collection consistent with abscess.Interventional radiology was consulted, and abscesses were aspirated, aspirate from chest wall was positive acid-fast bacilli, concerning for mycobacterium. Cultures were sent to the health department and were noted to be positive for TB. At this time, it was noted that the patient had a prior diagnosis of latent TB when she moved to the United States. The patient was started on Myambutol, Nydrazid, Levaquin, Rifampin, and Bactrim.Tuberculous infections continue to be one of the deadliest infections around the world, with a significantly low incidence rate (2.8/100000) as compared to developing countries. Even with a low incidence rate, there is always a concern for reactivation of latent TB with the initiation of immunosuppression. Tb myositis is one of rare presentation and that can be difficult with diagnosis, especially in a patient who has an underlying autoimmune condition that could have a similar presentation. We recommend getting prior workup to rule out tuberculosis prior to the initiation of immunosuppression.
Geri Çağırma Mekanizması: Uluslararası Örneklerden Türkiye’ye Çıkarımlar
Authors: ERDOĞAN Oğuzhan
Published: July 2020

Yerel yöneticilerin ve kamu görevlilerinin denetimi ile hesap verebilir, katılımcı ve şeffaf bir yönetim için vatandaşların kamu yönetiminde daha etkin olmasına yönelik çalışmalar devam etmektedir. Bu bağlamda dünya genelinde seçmen denetiminin daha etkin olması ve seçmen denetiminin seçimler dışındaki çeşitli mekanizmalarla temini noktasında da arayışlar sürmektedir. Seçilmiş görevlileri, seçmenlere bağlayan ve vatandaşların ihtiyaçlarına cevap vermeyen/veremeyen seçilmişlere olan kızgınlık ve kırgınlıkların demokrasi ortamında düzeltilebilmesine yardımcı olan “geri çağırma (recall) mekanizması” bugün birçok ülkede uygulama alanı bulmaktadır. Geri çağırma, yaptıkları iş ve işlemlerden memnun olmayan ya da seçim sürecinde verdikleri sözleri yerine getirmeyen kamu görevlilerinin, seçilmiş yetkililerin ve /veya organların belirli orandaki vatandaş tarafından olağan görev süreleri dolmadan görevden alınmalarını sağlayan bir mekanizma olarak demokrasinin kusurlarını örtmede ve halkın katılımını sağlamada önemli bir araç olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada geri çağırma hakkı ile ilgili teorik bilgilere yer verildikten sonra dünyanın farklı ülkelerindeki geri çağırma mekanizmasının düzenlenme biçimleri, uygulanma usulleri ve siyasal sistem üzerinde yarattığı etki ve sonuçlar irdelenmektedir. Bunun yanında Türk Siyasi Hayatında tartışılmaya başlayan geri çağırma mekanizmasının Onuncu kalkınma Planında ve Köy Kanun Tasarısındaki yeri ve Türkiye’de uygulanabilirliği tartışılacaktır.
Free Money in a Mousetrap of Surveillance Capitalism: Basic Income and Social Theory
Authors: Pavlov Alexander
Published: July 2020

The article concerns the social theory of an unconditional basic income (a regular payment to each person regardless of their level of need or employment). The article points out that, during the last three years in Russia, the idea of a basic income has been actively discussed. This applies mainly to economists, whereas the author puts the question of a basic income in the context of Western social theory. In a situation of ever-accelerating changes that affect society (from technologicalization and automation to the reduction of social time), the world faces many global challenges. A basic income is one of them. The article highlights the reasons for the actualization of the topic of a universal basic income in contemporary social theory of the last ten years. These include automation, the transformation of the economy leading to changes in the types of employment, experiments on the implementation of a basic income in some countries, and most importantly, the discussion of “bullshitization”, which has happened to many jobs in the framework of contemporary financial capitalism (David Graeber). It reveals the understanding of a basic income by its key proponents and theorists (Srnicek, Williams, Van Parijs, Vanderborght, Ford, Graeber, Standing, and others), as well as the fact that freedom is often called as the main goal of a basic income implementation. The paper demonstrates that, in fact, we are mostly talking about the imperative of freedom, which is not always properly clarified. However, it does not matter how freedom is understood in the works of basic income theorists since it is unlikely to be realized in modern socio-economic conditions, and because current capitalism has mutated so much that it now uses the very fabric of human experience rather than labor as its raw material. In this context, talks about automation is more of a thought experiment, and therefore the discussion should be shifted to another perspective. Despite the fact that, according to the author’s case, a basic income is not entirely impossible in practice (and even perhaps not being desirable), it provides fruitful material for the development of contemporary social theory.
Max Weber’s Main Work
Authors: Tenbruck Friedrich
Published: July 2020

The article of a well-known German social theorist Friedrich Tenbruck, which once provoked a heated debate among Weberian scholars, analyzes the works of Max Weber in terms of their thematic structure and general heuristics. The first section reconstructs the genesis and content of the idea that Economy and Society was the main work of the classic German scholar of sociology, an idea that was initially made popular among scholars by Marianne Weber. The second part is devoted to disenchantment as a fundamental process in the history of religion, the discovery of which is traditionally attributed to Weber’s famous work The Protestant Ethics and the Spirit of Capitalism. The third part analyzes the broad conceptual field used by Max Weber to study Western rationalization. The fourth part critically analyzes the thesis of Western rationalization as Weber’s main, life-long topic, the thesis which was originally introduced by Reinhard Bendix. In the fifth part, an attempt is made to determine the exact place of Economic Ethics of the World Religions in the overall structure of Weber’s work. In the sixth part, the processes of Western rationalization are placed within the general context of Weber’s conception of the universal history understood as a field of tension between ideas and interests. The final section emphasizes the importance of Weber’s writings on the sociology of religion, with Economic Ethics of the World Religions in particular as the core of his entire mature sociology. It also poses the question of the problematic nature of various Weberian notions for contemporary sociology, and points out the persisting validity of Weber’s sociological diagnosis of the time for the analysis of current problems in the perspective of a world-wide historical significance.
Neighbourhood Impacts on Wellbeing: The Role of Housing among Low-Income Tenants
Authors: Rolfe Steve , Garnham Lisa
Published: July 2020

The existing literature on neighbourhood effects suggests that a number of factors within local areas can have an impact on health, including environmental hazards, social networks and the socio-economic status of the area. However, there is minimal evidence regarding the role of housing organisations in shaping these effects. This article sets out the findings from a three-year longitudinal, mixed methods study of tenants of three housing organisations operating in the social and private rented sectors, examining different aspects of neighbourhood experience and their relationship to health and wellbeing outcomes. The findings demonstrate impacts of the immediate environment in terms of close neighbours, the wider neighbourhood environment, and social support networks, which are heavily influenced by tenant characteristics, previous experience and expectations. The services provided by housing organisations, themselves shaped by regulation and market factors, are also important. The findings will have relevance for tenants, housing providers, public health professionals and policy makers.
Inclusive Social Lettings Practice: Opportunities to Enhance Independent Living for Disabled People
Authors: Anderson Isobel , Theakstone Dianne-Dominique , Lawrence Julia
Published: July 2020

Appropriate housing is a key element of independent living for disabled people, yet research evidence confirms the continuing, often negative, impact of unsuitable housing on their lives. This article examines access to social rented housing as a route to independent living, through a study of lettings practice for accessible and adapted homes. Drawing on the social and social-relational models of disability, the study adopted a disabled-led, co-production approach. Qualitative research methods were used to compare social landlord practice and track home seeker/tenant experiences. While housing providers were proactive in reviewing policy and practice to better meet the housing needs of disabled people, there remained some ‘distance’ between landlord goals and applicant experiences. Disabled people’s extended lived experience of inappropriate housing, while waiting for a more accessible home, impacted negatively on their quality of life and physical and mental health. Social lettings policies and practice were necessarily complex, but often difficult for applicants to understand. The complexity of disabled people’s housing needs meant that the matching process for suitable housing was also complex, often requiring individualised solutions. Recommendations to improve practice include making better use of technology to improve data on accessible/adapted properties and applicant needs; flexibility in lettings practice to facilitate effective matches; and flexibility in fully recognising disabled people’s housing and independent living needs. Social rented housing remains an important mechanism for achieving disabled people’s independence. Explicit recognition of the social-relational interpretation of disability could deliver more inclusive lettings practice and achieve more sustainable tenancies.
AHP ve TOPSIS Yöntemleri ile Bilgi Teknolojileri Projelerinde Scrum-Kanban-Şelale Uygulamaları Karşılaştırması
Authors: CEYLAN Zeynep , GÜRSEV Samet
Published: July 2020

Bilişim sektörü, içerdiği teknolojilerin etkisiyle çok hızlı değişmekte ve gelişmektedir. Firmaların, bu değişime ayak uydurması rakipleriyle rekabet etmeleri ve müşteri memnuniyetini sağlayabilmeleri için çok önemlidir. Bu nedenle, firmaların faaliyetlerini devam ettirebilmeleri için bilgi teknolojileri altyapısında sorunsuz ve yenilikçi ilerlemesi gerekmektedir. Bu durum, özellikle bankacılık ve finans sektörlerinde faaliyet gösteren firmalar için kritik öneme sahiptir. Rekabetin yoğun olduğu bu sektörlerde sunulan hizmetin çeşidi ve kalitesi kadar kolay erişilebilir olması da önem taşımaktadır. Mobil uygulamalar, internet üzerinden işlem yapabilme imkânı, chatbotlar bu sektörde yer alan firmaların hem müşteri memnuniyeti artırmakta hem de self servis uygulamalar sayesinde operasyonel iş gücü maliyetinden kurtarmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de bankacılık sektöründe faaliyet gösteren öncü bir firmanın mobil uygulamasının farklı fonksiyonları içerisinde yer alan ve Scrum, Kanban ve Şelale gibi farklı proje yönetim metotları ile çalışan 4 farklı yazılım geliştirme projesinin genel özellikleri ve başarı kriterleri analiz edilmiştir. Bu dört projenin başarılı olması için ihtiyaç duyduğu ana ve alt kriterler uzman görüşlerine göre belirlenmiştir. Literatürde sıklıkla kullanılan çok kriterli karar verme yöntemlerinden AHP metodu ile kriterler için ağırlık katsayısı belirlenmiş ve daha sonra TOPSIS yöntemi ile başarı sıralaması yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda, yazılım geliştirme departmanında Scrum ve Kanban gibi çevik proje yönetimi metotlarını uygulayan projelerin tüm kriterler açısından son derece başarılı oldukları görülmüştür.
Elmayı en çok kim ısırıyor? Akıllı telefon bağımlılığını etkileyen sosyoekonomik faktörlerin tespiti
Authors: ANKARA Hasan Giray , TEKİN Büşra , ÖZ Esma
Published: July 2020

Bu çalışma akıllı telefon bağımlılığının sosyoekonomik belirleyicilerini araştırmaktadır. Çalışmanın odağı akıllı telefonların konuşma amaçlı kullanımından ziyade artan işlevsellikleri dolayısıyla telefonla konuşma amacı dışındaki (ikincil amaçlar için) kullanımlarıdır. Çalışmanın karakteristik özelliği çalışma kapsamında elde edilen akıllı telefon kullanım sürelerinin doğrudan kullandığı akıllı telefondan temin edilmesidir. Bu bağlamda, çalışma kapsamında, beş hafta boyunca 144 gönüllü katılımcıdan akıllı telefonlarının kullanım sürelerini gösteren ekran görüntüleri alınmıştır. Elde edilen veriler ile çok değişkenli (lineer) regresyon yöntemi kullanılarak sosyoekonomik faktörlerin akıllı telefon kullanımına etkileri tespit edilmiştir. Buna göre kişinin cinsiyeti, medeni hali, eğitim seviyesi ve gelir seviyesi kişinin akıllı telefon kullanım alışkanlığı üzerine önemli bir etkiye sahiptir. Erkeklerin ve kadınların akıllı telefon kullanım alışkanlıkları arasında ciddi farklılıklar bulunmuştur. Erkekler kadınlara kıyasla önemli ölçüde daha fazla akıllı telefon kullanmaktadır. Öte yandan evli olan bireyler ise evli olmayan bireylere kıyasla daha düşük akıllı telefon kullanımına sahiptirler. Üniversite mezunları, kendilerinden daha düşük eğitim seviyesine sahip bireylere göre daha fazla akıllı telefon kullanmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, en yüksek gelir kategorisinde bulunan bireylerin akıllı telefon kullanımı kendilerinden daha düşük gelir seviyelerindeki bireylerin tümüne kıyasla daha yüksektir. Son olarak, kişilerin yaşının, çalışma durumlarının ve toplu taşıma kullanma durumlarının akıllı telefon kullanım alışkanlıklarına belirgin bir etkisi saptanamamıştır.
THE EFFECT OF THE SUBSTITUENT NATURE IN THE AZOBENZENE CHROMOPHORES ON DIFFRACTION EFFICIENCY OF POLARIZATION HOLOGRAMS
Authors: Davidenko M. , Davidenko I. , Kravchenko V. , Mokrinska O. , Pavlov V. , Studzinsky S. , Tarasenko V. , Tonkopiyeva L.
Published: July 2020

The films of polymeric composites containing monomers of azobenzene dyes or azobenzene lateral groups chemically bonded to the main polymer chain demonstrate photoactive properties, and can be used in electrooptical light modulators and in recording media (RM) for polarization holography. Photoinduced optical anisotropy (PIA) appears under influence of linearly polarized light caused by the processes of trans-cis-izomerization of the azobenzene groups. This process is determining for application of the considered materials as RM for polarization holography. The films of polymeric polarization sensitive media based on a copolymer of styrene with nonyl methacrylate doped with azobenzene-type dyes with different electron-acceptor substituents are obtained in this work. In the films of copolymer the holograms of the plane wave front were registered for parallel and orthogonal orientations of polarization vectors of the object and reference light beams. Their photoelectrophysical, in particular photodielectric, and information properties are investigated. It was established, that when the mutual orientation of the recording beams changes from the orthogonal to parallel orientation the diffraction efficiency of the holograms increases in the case of using azo dye with the maximum number of auxochromic substituents in the molecule. The effect of the diffraction efficiency dependence on the chromophores structure is connected with the deepening of dye color. The photo-induced optical anisotropy in the films appears due to a change of the concentration ratio of trans- and cis-isomers of azobenzene dye fragments. This conclusion is confirmed by the photodielectric measurements data, namely, by the negative sign of the photodielectric effect, observed experimentally in the investigated thin film structures. It was shown, that investigated compositions can be used as information media for polarization holography.
SYNTHESIS AND PHOTOVOLTAIC PROPERTIES OF SYMMETRIC BIS-AZOMETHINES WITH ACCEPTOR SUBSTITUENTS IN THE 4,4'-POSITION
Authors: Ovdenko V. , Vyshnevskyi D. , Studzinsky S. , Davidenko N.
Published: July 2020

Two new symmetric azomethine dyes capable of photoinduced isomerization were synthesized by condensing symmetric bis-aldehyde (obtained by the reaction of epichlorohydrin with 4-oxybenzaldehyde) with 4-nitroaniline and 4-chloroaniline, respectively. The yield of the target products decreases with the transition from nitro-substituted azomethine to chlorine-substituted. This is due to the greater basicity of the starting amines with nitro-substitution when increasing the acceptor force of the substituent complicates the course of the reaction. Azomethines are characterized by absorption with a maximum at 400–410 nm, which makes them sensitive to radiation with a blue component of the spectrum. The photoelectric properties of azomethines upon irradiation were investigated by the method of measuring the surface potential with the help of a Kelvin dynamic probe. The maximum value of the electric potential of the photosensitive films free surface during irradiation with white LED at I = 60 W/m2 is about 270 mV in the case of azomethine with a nitro group in the 4,4' position and about 125 mV in the case of azomethine with chlorine as a substituent. That is, the magnitude of the electric potential of the free surface decreases approximately twice during the transition from nitro substituent to chlorine. This may be explained by the fact that the photoinduced changes in azomethine with a higher acceptor substituent flow more quickly and with greater efficiency. But at the same time, the reverse changes when turning off the light are just as fast. For chlorine substituted azomethine samples, the reverse process proceeds rather slowly, which may indicate greater stability over time of the photochemically modified form in case of chlorine substitution compared to the nitro-substituted analogue. Thus, the synthesized azomethines can be used in the development of new photovoltaic media and recording media for optical information recording.
The HIFI instrument on board of the Herschel Space Observatory (HSO) has been very successful in detecting molecular lines from the circumstellar envelopes around evolved stars, like massive red supergiants, Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) and post-AGB stars, as well as the planetary nebulae. Among others, ammonia have been found in the circumstellar envelopes of C-rich AGB stars in amounts that significantly exceeded the theoretical predictions for C-rich stars. Few scenarios have been proposed to resolve this problem: formation of ammonia behind the shock front and photochemical processes in the inner part of the envelope partly transparent to UV background radiation due to the clumpy structure of the gas and formation of ammonia on dust grains. Careful analysis of observations may help to put the constraints on one or another mechanism of ammonia formation. Here, we present results of the non-LTE radiative transfer modeling of ammonia transitions including the crucial process of radiative pumping via the v2=1 vibrational band (at ∼10 μm) for V Cyg. Only the ground-based ammonia transition NH3 J = 10-00 at 572.5 GHz has been observed by HIFI. Therefore, to determine the abundance of ammonia we estimate the photodissociation radius of NH3 using chemical model of the envelope consistent with the dust grain properties concluded from the spectral energy distribution.
Authors:   Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Toruń, Poland, Etmański B. , Schmidt M. R. ,   Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Toruń, Poland, Szczerba R. ,   Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Toruń, Poland
Published: July 2020

The HIFI instrument on board of the Herschel Space Observatory (HSO) has been very successful in detecting molecular lines from the circumstellar envelopes around evolved stars, like massive red supergiants, Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) and post-AGB stars, as well as the planetary nebulae. Among others, ammonia have been found in the circumstellar envelopes of C-rich AGB stars in amounts that significantly exceeded the theoretical predictions for C-rich stars. Few scenarios have been proposed to resolve this problem: formation of ammonia behind the shock front and photochemical processes in the inner part of the envelope partly transparent to UV background radiation due to the clumpy structure of the gas and formation of ammonia on dust grains. Careful analysis of observations may help to put the constraints on one or another mechanism of ammonia formation. Here, we present results of the non-LTE radiative transfer modeling of ammonia transitions including the crucial process of radiative pumping via the v2=1 vibrational band (at ∼10 μm) for V Cyg. Only the ground-based ammonia transition NH3 J = 10-00 at 572.5 GHz has been observed by HIFI. Therefore, to determine the abundance of ammonia we estimate the photodissociation radius of NH3 using chemical model of the envelope consistent with the dust grain properties concluded from the spectral energy distribution.
Social problems and threats in Siedlce County at the beginning of the 21st century
Authors: Indraszczyk Arkadiusz
Published: July 2020

W artykule opisano wybrane zagrożenia społeczne powiatu siedleckiego, bezrobocie specjalistyczne, przemoc domową, konieczność opieki nad dziećmi, niższy poziom wykształcenia. Na końcu artykułu porównano stare zagrożenia społeczne z nowymi, które pojawiły się na początku XXI wieku. Prawdopodobnie największym zagrożeniem społecznym w powiecie jest niski poziom wysokich technologii i popyt na niskie usługi. Oznacza to, że pomimo spadku bezrobocia w większości branż brakuje pracowników, jednak ponieważ oferta pracy nie jest zbyt atrakcyjna, młodzi ludzie myślą o opuszczeniu powiatu.
Marketing in the activities of banks
Authors: Stolarska Agnieszka
Published: July 2020

Niniejszy artykuł ma na celu analizę wykorzystania i wdrożenia zasad marketingu w działalności bankowej. Obejmuje analizę istoty świadczenia usług i rynku usług finansowych, zasad marketingu bankowego oraz kształtowania instrumentów marketingowych w bankach. Ponadto zawiera przykłady wdrożenia i wykorzystania zasad marketingowych w wybranych bankach. Konieczność stosowania zasad marketingu w działalności banków wynika ze zmian, które zaszły w ciągu ostatnich kilkudziesięciu lat na rynku usług bankowych i w otoczeniu instytucji finansowych. Rynki finansowe stanowią nieodłączny element każdej gospodarki, a także rynki towarów konsumpcyjnych, towarów wytwarzanych i zasobów. Angażują się w proces przepływu funduszy i produktów.
Restytucja i przekształcenia ugrupowań agrarnych w państwach Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej
Authors: Wojnicki Jacek
Published: July 2020

Artykuł omawia kwestie ewolucji ugrupowań agrarnych w państwach Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej. Przedmiotem analizy politologicznej poczyniono: Bułgarię, Rumunię, Węgry oraz dwa państwa postjugosłowiańskie – Słowenię oraz Chorwację. W odniesieniach pojawia się również casus polskich ugrupowań agrarnych. Partie te odgrywały znaczną rolę na scenie politycznej w międzywojennej Europie. Z jednej strony wyrażały interesy społeczno-gospodarcze oraz polityczne ludności wiejskiej, a w omawianym regionie reprezentowały istotną część społeczeństwa. Z drugiej – stanowiły ważny element systemów partyjnych, uczestnicząc w kolejnych wyborach lokalnych i parlamentarnych oraz tworząc gabinety rządowe. Zmiany modernizacyjne, ustrojowe i społeczno-gospodarcze po 1945 roku zmieniły znaczenie ugrupowań agrarnych. Po zdobyciu władzy w omawianych państwach przez partie komunistyczne ugrupowania agrarne były traktowane jako najpoważniejszy rywal. W rezultacie niezależne ugrupowania ludowe zostały zdelegalizowane, a ich przywódcy – St. Mikołajczyk w Polsce – musiał uciekać z kraju w obawie przed aresztowaniem, a inni – I. Maniu w Rumunii czy N. Petkow w Bułgarii – zostali aresztowani i skazani w sfałszowanych procesach. Sytuacja ugrupowań agrarnych uformowała się w dwóch modelach – zachowano satelickie ugrupowania agrarne skupione wokół monopartii komunistycznej (Polska, Bułgaria) lub zdelegalizowano ugrupowania agrarne (Węgry, Rumunia). Ich działalność była kontynuowana przez część działaczy na emigracji. Po demokratycznych zmianach w 1989 roku zaistniała możliwość wznowienia legalnej działalności przez te ugrupowania. Artykuł omawia zróżnicowane scenariusze zmian organizacyjnych, a w mniejszym stopniu programowych. Partie ludowe ubiegały się o miejsca w wyborach lokalnych i parlamentarnych pod „własnym szyldem” (Polska, Węgry, Słowenia) bądź wybierały strategię budowy szerszej koalicji parlamentarnej – casus Konwencji Demokratycznej Rumunii czy partii w Chorwacji. Należy również wspomnieć o procesach zjednoczeniowych i dezintegracyjnych w omawianych ugrupowaniach, które skutkowały postępującą marginalizacją ruchu agrarnego na scenach politycznych.
Civic Attitudes and Engagement Among Middle Eastern and North African Refugees and Immigrants in the U.S.
Authors: Makki Alamdari Sara
Published: July 2020

Given the importance of civic engagement to the well-being of immigrants and refugees and their communities, the goal of the current study was to investigate civic attitudes among immigrants and refugees from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). First, the researcher examined predictors of civic attitudes. Second, the mediating effect of attitudes between the potential predictors (i.e., gender, health status, English proficiency, and the U.S. length of stay) and level of civic engagement was investigated. The researcher recruited 145 respondents to complete online and paper-based surveys. Using linear regression models, the results show that health and English language proficiency significantly predict civic attitudes among this group. Attitudes also mediated between health status and level of civic engagement. This study provides some implications for social work, resettlement programs, health policies, and civic organizations that can be beneficial for the target group as well as for the host communities.
Immunoglobulin G4–Related Disease: What an Allergist Should Know
Authors: Carballo I , González-Quintela A , Sopeña B , Vidal C
Published: July 2020

Immunoglobulin G4–related disease (IgG4-RD) is a fibroinflammatory disorder that begins in 1 or more organs as inflammatory tumors that progress toward fibrosis. It is often accompanied by elevated serum IgG4. IgG4-RD was first described in 2003 as a new concept encompassing a number of immunoallergic diseases that had previously been considered unrelated. IgG4-RD mainly affects middleaged and older men. It consists of upregulation and expansion of CD4+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes, oligoclonal plasmablasts, and other inflammatory cells that infiltrate affected tissues and induce inflammation, organ dysfunction, and fibrosis. Symptoms depend on the location, severity, and extent of the disease. Virtually any organ can be affected, including the pancreas, salivary glands, lacrimal glands, thyroid gland, retro-orbital tissue, lymph nodes, retroperitoneum, mediastinum, lung, kidney, aorta, serosal surfaces, and meninges. Patients with widespread disease may present general symptoms. At least 30%-40% of patients are atopic or display atopic traits such as eosinophilia and elevated serum IgE levels. Additional laboratory features include increased serum IgG4 concentrations, increased blood IgG4-plasmablasts, hypergammaglobulinemia, and hypocomplementemia. Diagnosis of IgG4-RD is based on a clinicopathological correlation. Lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate with abundant IgG4-positive plasma cells, storiform-type fibrosis, obliterative phlebitis, and tissue eosinophilia are the pathological hallmarks. Therapy for IgG4-RD is based primarily on corticosteroids but may include additional immunomodulatory drugs and monoclonal antibodies such as rituximab. In individuals with allergic features, IgG4-RD should be suspected when a history of unexplained swelling is observed in 1 or more organs, particularly if they respond to corticosteroids and the patients are men in the sixth decade of life and beyond.
Assessment of awareness of common rheumatological diseases amongst final year medical undergraduate students: single centre questionnaire-based survey
Authors: Thomas Elizabeth Mary , Surendran Sandeep , Marwaha Vishal , Tiwari Arun , Movva Hamsini , Lalwani Chiraj
Published: July 2020

Background: Assessment of awareness of common rheumatological diseases amongst final year medical undergraduate students – single centre questionnaire-based survey.Methods: A cross-sectional survey of final year students was conducted during a national undergraduate medical summit. Participants were asked to fill out a 10-question survey (online link/in print). Results were summarized using descriptive statistics.Results: A total 162 medical students completed the survey. Only 18 of 162 respondents were able to score more than 50% in all domains with only one respondent getting all the questions correct. Partial awareness about the major rheumatological diseases in adults was seen with 122 (75%), 110 (68%) and 105 (65%) students having more than 50% correct in the domains of lupus, psoriasis and rheumatoid respectively without scoring completely. By contrast even general awareness of pediatric rheumatology was low with only 34 respondents (21%) having more 50% score in this domain.Conclusions: These findings are consistent with the general consensus amongst rheumatologists that medical students are inadequately exposed to rheumatological disorders and evolving treatments. Awareness of paediatric rheumatology is the lowest and needs urgent addressing.
A study to determine the value of pre operative hyperbilirubinemia as a predictor of complicated appendicitis
Authors: Lal Arun , Thomas Thomas K. , Dayananda Babu R. , Paul Deepak
Published: July 2020

Background: Acute appendicitis is a common acute abdominal condition that all surgeons confront. The early detection of patients who could go in for complication is critical so that appropriate treatment can be initiated to reduce mortality. There is no pre-operative investigation which accurately point out the patients who are going to develop severe disease. Hence this prospective study was done to identify whether preoperative bilirubin level can predict the severity of the disease.Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of General Surgery, Sree Gokulam Medical College and Research Foundation, Venjaramoodu, Trivandrum on 100 consecutive patients who were clinically diagnosed as acute appendicitis. These patients were evaluated with Alvarado score. In addition, preoperative bilirubin level and liver enzymes were estimated. Ultrasound abdomen was done preoperatively routinely. After surgery histopathology was studied. The parameters which showed statistically significant results for predicting complications were analyzed.Results: In this prospective study on 100 consecutive patients, acute appendicitis was found more commonly in males, 57 (57%) cases than in females, 43 (43%) cases. Among the cases 56 were acute appendicitis, 13 perforated, 11 gangrenous and 20 suppurative appendicitis. In our study, there was significant correlation of preoperative hyperbilirubinemia with complications of appendicitis.Conclusions: Patients with appendicitis with elevated bilirubin levels have more chance for complications like perforation, gangrene and suppuration.
A study of periprosthetic fractures following hemi-arthroplasty of hip in elderly population: diagnosis and management
Authors: Mahi Gagandeep , Atmaram Lokhande Milind , Yogi Lokesh Kumar , Gawri Ankit
Published: July 2020

Background: Hemi-arthroplasty of hip for intracapsular fractures of femoral neck is one of the most commonly done surgical procedures in the low mobility older Indian population. Although there are numerous complications associated with the procedure, we want to study the types and management of peri-prosthetic fractures in patients treated with hip hemi-arthroplasty.

Methods: A total of 26 patients were included in the study. A retrospective analysis of the radiological cum clinical diagnosis and management of peri-prosthetic fractures was performed. All patients were followed up till 1.5 years post-operatively.

Results: According to Vancouver classification of peri-prosthetic fractures, 10 fractures were classified as type A, 7 as type B1, 3 as type B2, 4 as type B3 and 2 as type C. Fractures were managed either by Open Reduction with Internal Fixation (ORIF) or Revision hemi-arthroplasty. Fractures type AG, B1 and C were managed with ORIF and type B2 and B3 fractures were managed with revision hemi-arthroplasty using longer stem.

Conclusions: As evident in our study, majority of fractures occurred intra-operatively, a thorough evaluation of pre-operative x-rays of both hips should be done along with special focus on anatomical variations. Correct diagnosis based on radiological and intraoperative findings followed by appropriate treatment are of paramount importance in the management of peri-prosthetic fractures.
ATM Locator
Authors: 95 Vamsi , 10795 Bharath
Published: July 2020

In this paper, we focus on an automated teller machineintegrated with ATM locator device. When particular ATM is not working it helps you to find the closest ATMs that can provide surcharge free cash withdrawals for your Money Pass network card. It also finds the direction to nearby ATMs using built in GPS (global positioning system). The GPS will give you the accurate location of your nearby ATMs. Since no ATM had this option if we implement this it will benefit the card holders and customer satisfaction level will be increased.
HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING AND PROCESS CONTROL OF ADDITIVE LAYER MANUFACTURING METHODS FOR POLYMER PRODUCT METAL TOOLS PRODUCTION
Authors: Pandey Rohit , Salodkar Sandeep
Published: July 2020

Purpose of the study: Additive layer manufacturing is basically different from the traditional formative manufacturing process where a complete structure can be constructed into designed shape from layer to layer manufacturing rather than other methods or casting, forming or other machining processes. Additive layer manufacturing is a highly versatile, flexible, and customizable.

Methodology: In this paper, we discussed high-performance computing and process control of AM methods by using different parameters. The significant interest in making complex, innovative and robust products by using AM methods to great extent to deal with work is needed in AM challenges relevant to key enabling technologies namely different materials and metrology to achieve functionally and reproductive ways.

Main Findings: In this paper, we discussed major processes that highly accurate and the key applications, challenges and recent developments of future additive Am processes.

Applications of this study: Additive layer manufacturing methods to develop the most highly and controlled methods for producing a variety of complex shapes and structures. The significant role of AM layer technology is to make produce the most economical and highly effective methods. In this study, we compared different AM methods for achieving the most highly and controlled methods of AM technology.

Novelty/Originality of this study: Today manufacturing trends are very highly impacted by technologies globalizations. Various manufactures are using layer manufacturing into their best practices so that they can be changes in the global economy and manufacturing.
Psychometric Properties of the Job Related Skills Inventory in Malaysia Context
Authors: Grace Getrude C. Ah Gang
Published: July 2020

The objectives of the current study were to test the internal consistency, convergent and discriminant validity and item analysis of the Job-Related Skills Inventory in the Malaysian context. The study was conducted among 102 employers from the various government department in Sabah, Malaysia. Cronbach alphas calculated to assess the inventory internal consistency of the inventory. The evidence for convergent validity of the inventory was tested by examining the inter-correlation between sub-aspect of the skills and correlation between the sub-aspects and the four dimensions of Industrial Revolution job-related skill. The discriminant validity of the Inventory was determined by examining the correlation between the inventory score and the scores of the Short Social Desirability Scale. Item analysis was also conducted to test the suitability and gaugeable of the Job-Related Skills Inventory items in the Malaysian context. The scale demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach alpha ranged from 0.87 to 0.95). The result reported The Job-Related Skills Inventory convergent and discriminant validity was confirmed with the strong relationship among the Inventory dimensions and strong relationship with the four dimensions of Industrial Revolution job-related skill as compared to weak and negative correlation coefficients between the inventory and the Social Desirability Scale. The result of item analysis also indicated all the items were good and suitable to use in the Malaysian context.
Implementation of LRD (Listen, Read, Discuss) Strategy Learning for Increasing Reading Skill and Student Achievement on Discussion Text Material in Class XII IIK 3 Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Banjarmasin Academic Year 2019/2020
Authors: Mariani Mariani
Published: July 2020

Has done research with the aim to increasing reading skill and student achievement on discussion text material through implementation of LRD strategy.  This research design was used classroom action research which consisted two cycles with four phases; planning, action, evaluation and reflection. The subject were 37 students of class XII IIK-3 MAN 1 Banjarmasin. Data collection was used by test technique. Then, data were analyzed by quantitatively and qualitatively techniques. The research result showed that there was an increase in teacher’s activity from 31 at cycle I to 41 at cycle II, an increase in student’s activity from 23,50 at cycle I to 33 at cycle II, an increase in student’s achievement from 64,86 at cycle I to 83,91 at cycle II, an increase in student’s reading skill from 12,23 at cycle I to 15,73 at cycle II and student give good respon for learning which using LRD strategy.
Pengembangan E-Modul Format EPUB untuk Pembelajaran Matematika Kelas X pada Materi Trigonometri
Authors: Meliana Wenni
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan emodul format epubuntuk pembelajaran matematika pada materi trigonometri, menguji keefektifannya dalam pembelajaran, serta mengetahui respon siswa terhadap penggunaan emodul trigonometri. Emodul trigonometri adalah modul berisi materi trigonometri yang bisa digunakan pada perangkat digital yaitu komputer, laptop, dan HP.  Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian dan pengembangan dengan model ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation). Penelitian dilaksanakan di kelas X IPS 1 sebagai kelas eksperimen subyek ujicoba produk, dan kelas X IPS 2 MAN 1 Banjarmasin sebagai kelas kontrol, pada semester genap tahun pelajaran 2018/2019.  Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah : (1) Emodul Trigonometri dinyatakan valid oleh ahli dengan nilai 85,42 kategori sangat baik, (2) Emodul Trigonometri dinyatakan efektif dalam pembelajaran dengan perbedaan selisih rata-rata nilai tes antara kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol sebesar 18,26. Untuk ketuntasan klasikal kelas eksperimen sebesar 84,85% siswa tuntas atau mencapai KKM, (3) Hasil respon siswa terhadap penggunaan emodul trigonometri sebesar 81,82% termasuk kategori baik. Secara keseluruhan, emodul trigonometri memiliki kriteria layak, dapat dijadikan sebagai penunjang proses belajar siswa yang dapat digunakan secara mandiri.
Modificación a la técnica de las Embriotomias Cefálicas
Authors: Muñoz Delgado Saulo
Published: July 2020

Las operaciones mutilantes sobre el feto durante los siglos pasados y principios de éste eran una intervención usual y uno de los métodos más frecuentes para resolver las más difíciles complicaciones obstétricas.
Algunos métodos objetivos para la apreciación del dolor durante el parto
Authors: Calderón Belisario , Salamanca Juan
Published: July 2020

Se ha dicho que la sicoprofilaxis no es método científico porque no es posible comprobar sus resultados objetivamente en lo que hace relación a la disminución o desaparición de los dolores del parto; esta afirmación equivale a desconocer el valor de las drogas analgésicas porque también se carece de métodos objetivos para apreciar su eficacia más o menos marcada, lo cual se debe a que el dolor es un fenómeno esencialmente subjetivo que se ha definido como "Interpretación mental de un estímulo agresivo".