bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does the osteopathic pedal pump reduce lower limb volume in healthy subjects?
Authors: Adams Jill S. , Parikh Sahil H. , Goodwin Brandon J. , Noll Donald R.
Published: January 2023

Context

Lymphatic treatments are gentle and passive techniques believed to enhance movement of lymph back into the central circulatory system. Animal studies provide supportive evidence, yet there are few studies in humans.

Objectives

The aim of this study is to investigate whether the osteopathic pedal pump protocol reduces volume in the lower limbs of healthy subjects.

Methods

A total of 30 first- and second-year medical students were recruited. Subjects were excluded from participating if they had acute asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), congestive heart failure, active infections, fractures of the lower extremities, or metastatic cancer. A within-subjects study design with pre- and posttreatment measurement of lower limb volume was utilized. Pretreatment lower limb volume measurements were obtained utilizing a volumetric water gauge prior to myofascial thoracic inlet release and a 5 min pedal lymphatic pump protocol treatment. Posttreatment lower limb measurements were taken immediately following the protocol treatment. A telephone interview was conducted 2–3 days after the treatment to assess the participants’ experience of the treatment and whether the treatment elicited a subjective change from baseline. A paired t test was utilized to determine the statistical significance of volume displacement posttreatment.

Results

The mean change of pretreatment to posttreatment lower limb volume was −45.63 mL with a standard deviation of 37.65 mL. The change between the pretreatment and posttreatment volume measurements was statistically significant (p<0.001). The minimum displacement was +19 mL, and the maximum displacement was −167 mL. The majority of participants perceived the treatment as effective and enjoyable, were likely to recommend it to others, and were willing to have it performed on them at routine office visits if there was a need.

Conclusions

The osteopathic pedal pump technique, when utilized on those without leg lymphedema, reduces lower limb volume as measured by the volumetric water gauge. Further studies are warranted, especially in persons with excess lower-extremity edema, lymphedema or venous stasis.
Strong coupling of multiple plasmon modes and excitons with excitation light controlled active tuning
Authors: Niu Yijie , Gao Long , Xu Hongxing , Wei Hong
Published: January 2023

While the strong coupling between cavity modes and quantum emitters has been investigated in various systems, multiple surface plasmon modes in single nanostructures strongly coupling with excitons are rarely explored. Here, we investigate the strong coupling between three surface plasmon modes in silver nanowires and excitons in monolayer WSe2 at room temperature. Four plasmon-exciton polariton (plexciton) states are observed in the scattering spectra. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra of the hybrid system show clear splitting due to strong coupling, and the energies of the emission corresponding to the two lower plexciton states agree with that of the scattering very well. In addition, we show that the plasmon-exciton interaction in this system can be efficiently tuned by controlling the excitation power. These results reveal the fundamental properties of strong coupling between multiple plasmon modes and excitons, deepen the understanding of the correlation between scattering and PL spectra of plasmon-exciton strong coupling systems, and open up a new way to actively control the coupling between plasmonic nanostructures and two-dimensional semiconductors.
Farmer regeneration and knowledge co-creation in the sustainability of coconut agribusiness in Gorontalo, Indonesia
Authors: Tolinggi Wawan K. , Salman Darmawan , Rahmadanih  , Iswoyo Hari
Published: January 2023

Farmer regeneration in agribusiness sustainability originates from the innovation of knowledge co-creation among farmer generations and interaction between stakeholders within and outside local contexts. The present work aims at exploring knowledge co-creation in the context of different orientations between young and old farmers. It also seeks to characterize the orientation of the two farmer groups from the aspect of agriculture, processing, and marketing of coconut through knowledge co-creation interaction to further their agricultural activities. All data in this grounded theory research came from in-depth interviews; the data were further examined using an open, axial, and selective coding method. The transcription of the field note was analyzed using an ATLAS.ti version 9, a program for analyzing qualitative data. The sample of the study was 13 of young farmers (25 to 45 years old) and 17 of old farmers (45 to 65 years old). The results revealed that the old farmers focused on revitalizing coconut trees for long-term purposes. The knowledge co-creation process among this farmer group (with other stakeholders) put an emphasis on copra and cooking oil production. Young farmers, however, focused on coconut tree integration with annual plants for short-term purposes, especially on the virgin coconut oil and innovative products from foreign technology adaptation. In conclusion, coconut business sustainability is the byproduct of knowledge co-creation and engagement between old and young farmers. This condition results in the survivability of coconut farmers. The novelty of this study lies in the classification of the orientation of the two coconut farmer groups in terms of agricultural, processing, and marketing aspects, which results in knowledge co-creation and its relation to the sustainability of coconut agriculture.
A 2D Geometric Morphometric Assessment of Chrono-Cultural Trends in Osseous Barbed Points of the European Final Palaeolithic and Early Mesolithic
Authors: Tsirintoulaki Kalliroi , Matzig David Nicolas , Riede Felix
Published: January 2023

Studies on prehistoric osseous barbed points have relied heavily on typology in linking presumed types to broader techno-complexes, and for making chronological inferences. The accumulation of both new finds and of radiocarbon dates obtained directly on such artefacts, however, has revealed that (i) shape variability defies neat typological divisions, and that (ii) chronological inferences based on typology often fail. To further query these issues and to better understand the design choices and cultural evolutionary dynamics within this artefact class, we present a 2D open-outline geometric morphometric analysis of 50 directly dated Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene osseous barbed points primarily from northern and western Europe. The results indicate that (a) different components (tip, base, and barbs) of these artefacts were subject to varying design constraints and that (b) there is no clear-cut distinction between Final Palaeolithic and Mesolithic point traditions. Different techno-functional components evolved at various rates while specimens assigned to the same type and/or techno-complex are only occasionally morphologically similar. The results reflect a relatively low level of normativity for this artefact class and likely a repeated convergence on similar design elements. We propose that interpretations linked to cultural dynamics, individual craft agency, and repeated convergence on locally optimal designs may offer more satisfying avenues for thinking about the barbed points of this period.
The existential signs through the works of Alev Ebuzziya Siesbye
Authors: Onur Ayse Ece , Aygenc Erdal
Published: January 2023

This article is about the signs during the creative stage of one’s self-development. With the acceptance of the creative act as an existential phenomenon, the research considers the creative process as a genuine expression that has been actualized during one’s search for his/her existence. An artist reflects his/her existential being through his/her work to construct an original self, by facing the world and within the struggle to construct the new self that stands beyond confusion. Tarasti’s philosophical approach to “existential semiotics” will be applied to the existential being of the artist Alev Ebuzziya Siesbye, and her creative act will be analyzed by means of the modalities, the semiotic square of being/doing, and the sign processes evident in the field of art. Siesbye’s existential personality and creative acts have been discussed by looking at what she has done in terms of her attitude on clay; her position in the contemporary art world and her artistic interrogations has been discussed in the existential being of the artist with the existential signs.
Treatment options for massive irreparable rotator cuff tears: a review of arthroscopic surgical options
Authors: Dey Hazra Maria E , Dey Hazra Rony-Orijit , Hanson Jared A , Ganokroj Phob , Vopat Matthew L , Rutledge Joan C , Yamaura Kohei , Suppauksorn Sunikom , Millett Peter J
Published: January 2023

While functional reconstruction of massive irreparable rotator cuff tears remains a challenge, current techniques aimed at recentering and preventing superior migration of the humeral head allow for clinical and biomechanical improvements in shoulder pain and function.

Recentering of the glenohumeral joint reduces the moment arm and helps the deltoid to recruit more fibers, which compensates for insufficient rotator cuff function and reduces joint pressure.

In the past, the concept of a superior capsular reconstruction with a patch secured by suture anchors has been used.

However, several innovative arthroscopic treatment options have also been developed.

The purpose of this article is to present an overview of new strategies and surgical techniques and if existing present initial clinical results.

Techniques that will be covered include rerouting the long head of the biceps tendon, utilization of the biceps tendon as an autograft to reconstruct the superior capsule, utilization of a semitendinosus tendon allograft to reconstruct the superior capsule, superior capsular reconstruction with dermal allografts, and subacromial spacers.
The use of sales technology by salespeople as an information source and stimulant for intrapreneurship
Authors: Silva Pedro Mendonça , Lima Ana Pinto , Teixeira Sandrina Francisca
Published: January 2023

Digitization has changed the role of salespeople and, consequently, the dynamics of their operations at the interface between the supplier and the customer. Currently, a salesperson is often called upon to solve customer queries, which implies taking on the role of intrapreneur to internally create a solution. This study contributes to the literature by filling a gap regarding intrapreneurial salespeople and their uses of sales technology. This research focuses on the intrapreneurship of salespeople and explicitly investigates its antecedents. The structural equation modelling technique has been chosen as it is considered to be the most appropriate one for the analysis. Research data from 565 Portuguese salespeople reveals that their use of sales technology influences their intrapreneurship behaviour thanks to information systems. Last of all, this study adds invaluable knowledge to the literature, gives valuable insight to sales managers and proposes future lines of research.
Manual de refracción subjetiva: prácticas clínicas
Authors: Moreno Valero Mónica Janneth
Published: January 2023

El espacio académico de Optometría Refractiva 2 es la base fundamental para el aprendizaje de los test que complementan y perfeccionan el estado refractivo de una persona. A través de éstos se obtiene su mejor corrección óptica final y permite al estudiante el desarrollo de nuevas competencias que incluyen la aplicación y correlación de estas pruebas, con el motivo de consulta, diagnóstico y conducta del paciente, así como el progreso en el diligenciamiento de la historia clínica de Optometría Integral. Por lo tanto, el propósito de este manual es facilitar al estudiante el aprendizaje de la técnica de cada uno de los test mediante prácticas clínicas hipotéticas que desarrollarán en él, agilidad, habilidad y análisis clínico. Así mismo, permite facilitar a los docentes de esta área la elaboración de material didáctico y la creación de nuevos casos que permitirán evaluar individualmente al estudiante, que ratifiquen el nivel académico de cada uno de ellos para reforzar los conocimientos teóricos y analíticos, mediante la observación directa de la práctica y de la capacidad del estudiante para la resolución de problemas, además de la correlación de datos clínicos que le permitan obtener un diagnóstico refractivo completo y coherente, cumpliendo con el logro de las competencias propuestas.
Complementary and Allergenic Food Introduction in Infants: An Umbrella Review
Authors: Soriano Victoria X. , Ciciulla Daniela , Gell Grace , Wang Yichao , Peters Rachel L. , McWilliam Vicki , Dharmage Shyamali C. , Koplin Jennifer J.
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND

Multiple systematic reviews examine the introduction of foods in relation to individual health outcomes, but the balance of harms and benefits has not been overviewed systematically.

OBJECTIVES

We aimed to perform an overview of systematic reviews on age of introduction of complementary and allergenic foods to the infant diet and long and short-term health outcomes.

DATA SOURCES

We searched Medline, Embase, Cochrane, and PubMed (July 25, 2022).

STUDY SELECTION

Included systematic reviews examining the introduction of complementary or allergenic foods before age 1. Outcomes included allergic, autoimmune, and inflammatory diseases, neurodevelopment, nutrition, and weight.

DATA EXTRACTION

Extraction and quality assessment were performed in duplicate (A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews) and strength of evidence was assessed.

RESULTS

We screened 4015 articles and included 32 systematic reviews. There was moderate evidence that peanut and egg should be introduced from 4 to 11 months to prevent food allergy (6 of 10 reviews). Complementary food introduction was not associated with food allergy. Moderate certainty evidence suggested age of complementary food introduction was not associated with eczema. Age at introduction of gluten was not associated with celiac disease (high certainty evidence; 3 of 4 reviews). Low certainty evidence indicated that introducing solids before 4 months may increase the risk of childhood obesity, but not growth. There was insufficient evidence regarding an association between any food introduction and bone health, gastrointestinal diseases, autoimmune disorders, asthma, or allergic rhinitis.

LIMITATIONS

Gray literature was not included.

CONCLUSIONS

Current evidence supports introducing complementary foods around 6 months and allergenic foods before 11 months.
Neurofibromatosis type 1: evaluation by chest computed tomography
Authors: Alves Júnior Sérgio Ferreira , Irion Klaus Loureiro , Melo Alessandro Severo Alves de , Meirelles Gustavo de Souza Portes , Rodrigues Rosana Souza , Souza Jr. Arthur Soares , Hochhegger Bruno , Zanetti Gláucia , Marchiori Edson
Published: January 2023

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate chest computed tomography (CT) findings in patients diagnosed with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Material and Methods: This was a retrospective study in which we reviewed the chest CT scans of 14 patients diagnosed with NF1 and neurofibromatosis-associated diffuse lung disease (NF-DLD). The sample comprised eight women and six men. The median age was 55 years (range, 11-75 years). The diagnosis of NF1 was made on the basis of the diagnostic criteria established by the U.S. National Institutes of Health. The images were analyzed by two chest radiologists, who reached decisions by consensus. Results: The predominant CT finding of NF-DLD was multiple cysts, which were observed in 13 patients (92.9%), followed by emphysema, in eight (57.1%) and subpleural bullae, in six (42.9%). Other findings included subcutaneous neurofibromas, in 12 patients (85.7%), ground-glass opacities, in one (7.1%), and tracheobronchial neurofibromas, in one (7.1%). The pulmonary abnormalities were bilateral in 12 cases (85.7%). The abnormalities were predominantly in the upper lung fields in eight cases (57.1%), and their distribution was random in 11 (78.6%). Conclusion: Pulmonary cysts, emphysema, and subpleural bullae appear to be the chest CT findings that are most characteristic of NF-DLD.
ABDOMINAL CORE STRENGTH TRAINING IN YOUNG STUDENTS
Authors: Li Wenlong
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction: Recent studies point out that strength training with load may substantially help athletes’ strength, while strength training with moderate load may improve motor coordination. Objective: Investigate the current status of abdominal core strength training in young people, surveying the current problems. Methods: Students from a particular province were selected for the investigation. We performed tests, comparisons, and analyses of results on the abdominal core strength of the exercises practiced in sports schools to provide better support for amateur training. The Abdominal Octopole Strength Bridge Test uses overcoming one's weight. Results: Boys accounted for 59.04% of abdominal core strength, while girls accounted for only 22.50%, with most of them at their average level of 40.00%. The proportion of girls with low scores is also higher (26.25%); in boys, the deficient proportion is 8.77%. Conclusion: There is a significant difference in the abdominal core strength of the students. The expectation of a difference between male and female students not being very large contrasted with the reality, suggesting that girls need to pay attention to abdominal core strength training during training. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
STRENGTHENING THE ABDOMINAL CORE ON BALANCE IN BASKETBALL PLAYERS
Authors: Li Yang
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction: Basketball has the characteristics of physical struggle. This demands from its training and teaching that the participants and coaches work on the qualities of strength, speed, and tactics of the sport. Objective: Study the impacts of abdominal core strengthening on balance and agility in basketball players. Methods: After a literature survey, we used basketball players as experimental volunteers, divided into experimental and control groups, to validate an experimental protocol to strengthen the abdominal core added to routine training. T-run tests and Z-run tests were also performed before and after training. The method of mathematical statistics was used to compare the results in the research-relevant data Results: After training, the two sensitivity test results in the young basketball players were significantly higher than the control group, with significant differences (P<0.05), there was no significant difference in the two sensitive quality indices of the control group athletes before and after training (P>0.05). Conclusion: It was evidenced that abdominal core stability training plays a positive role in improving the balance and agility of young basketball players. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
EFFECTS OF ORIENTEERING SPORT ON STUDENTS’ PHYSICAL ENDURANCE
Authors: Wu Lei
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction: In the orienteering sport, the orienteer has to pass through control points marked on the terrain in the shortest possible time, with the help of a map and a compass, using nature as a playing field. This activity has been with man since its origin. As a sport, it appeared in the Nordic countries more than a hundred years ago to perform an outdoor physical and intellectual activity with the potential to promote the aerobic endurance of university students. Objective: Study the effect of orienteering sports on the physical endurance of college students. Methods: Through experimental research method, 30 college students from different majors were taken as research objects, the physiological indices of each group were measured, and the effect of sport on cardiopulmonary function and aerobic endurance of college students and its physiological mechanism were discussed. Results: Orientation college students who have been engaged in sports training for a long time and physical education subjects have a significantly better cardiopulmonary function and aerobic endurance than ordinary college students to varying degrees. Conclusion: Orientation sports positively affected students’ physical endurance, increasing their cardiopulmonary and aerobic endurance indexes. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
A SYSTEMATIC STUDY ON BODY CONTROL IN GOLF PLAYERS
Authors: Jiang Shujun
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction: Golf is a high-precision sport that requires excellent manual skills and motor coordination. These requirements are essential to determine a player's swing level and, consequently, their sports performance. Objective: Investigate the impact of athletes’ body control on golf performance. Methods: To study the three-dimensional motion of golf players in China, the relevant theories and techniques of sports biomechanics were used on 12 golfing volunteers. Real-time sampling correction and analysis were performed using APAS dynamic analysis technology. This paper uses the DLT method to analyze the spatial location of each point three-dimensionally. SPSS15.0 software was used for statistical processing and screening of the results of the tests. Statistics are presented as mean and standard values. Results: The correlation between the golfers’ center of gravity in hitting and the rate of motion in the swing was evidenced. The velocity obtained by the racket when hitting the ball is related to the golfer's hip inversion angle. Conclusion: A lower body center of gravity is beneficial to improve golf swing efficiency. Keeping the body in balance is the key to mastering the stroke and acceleration of the racquet. When the athlete performs the reverse pull, the energy they receive also increases, highlighting the need for specific training to promote the athlete's body balance. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies – investigation of treatment outcomes.
EVALUATIVE INDEX SYSTEM IN PHYSICAL TRAINING OF BASKETBALL PLAYERS
Authors: Han Liu , Liang Dong , Zhang Jun , Zhang Xiaodong , Li Dan
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction: The training should be performed according to the characteristics of basketball by establishing a scientific evaluation index system to fully exploit the potential of its players. Objective: Evaluate the index system for measuring physical training specific to basketball players. Methods: The physical training evaluation indexes of athletes were studied by checking the scientific literature and mathematical statistics, and an evaluation index for the physical training of young basketball players was designed and experimented. Results: The highest proportion of the special fitness score in athletic average was 46.25%; the proportion of the players’ general fitness score represented 15% above and 13.75% below. The specific fitness level of basketball players is mainly at the average level. Conclusion: The effects of training can be effectively evaluated by the experienced index system, and it is useful for athletes to find deficiencies, make full use of their potential, improve skills and adapt basketball tactics. It may also provide more reserve talent for professional basketball. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
STRENGTH TRAINING METHOD FOR TENNIS PLAYERS
Authors: Wang Jin , Li Yanfeng
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction: Tennis is highly technical, and any error in its players’ strength training can exponentially impact the competition. A timely review and analysis of tennis players’ biomechanics will help to better understand the training system and reveal the basis for future scientific sports training strategies. Objective: Analyzes the effect of different strength training methods to design the best protocol considering tennis players’ speed and success rate. Methods: The effect of training on 40 tennis players is discussed. The volunteers were divided into the experimental and control group. The experimental group performed strength training for 40 minutes daily, thrice a week. The control group continued with conventional training. The trial lasted eight weeks. The speed and success rate of the training were tested before and after the experiment. Results: The experimental group players significantly improved serve speed (P<0.05). The success rate of the experimental group was also significantly improved (P<0.05). Conclusion: The proposed strength training significantly improved the success rates of speed in tennis players. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
STRENGTH TRAINING METHODS FOR SKIERS
Authors: Liu Shuo , Liu Zhenzhong , Wang Jin
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction: The ski jumping sequence can be divided into four steps: support, take-off, flight, and landing. Each stage has specific tasks and functions and is closely related, with the completion of each stage depending on the previous one. Objective: Explore the effectiveness of special strength training methods for ski sportsmen. Methods: Using the method of scientific literature review, expert interview, experience, and mathematical statistics to perform the special strength training for Chinese ski athletes, comparing the changes in the jump speed and take-off of the big jumps before and after 16 weeks of strength training with a specially developed protocol. Results: There were significant differences in take-off speed and air height before and after the experiment (P<0.05). The athletes in the experimental group significantly differed in takeoff speed before and after participation in the experiment (P=0.01). Conclusion: The experimental results fully evidence that by improving the rapid contraction strength of flexor and extensor muscles of the trunk and hip joints, modern abdominal center strength training methods are more effective than traditional methods. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
EFFECTS OF VIBRATION TRAINING ON UPPER LIMBS OF VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS
Authors: Zhao Xuefeng , Zhang Peng , Lu Minying
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction: The research on vibration training has experienced a period of development in many projects, such as badminton, handball, long jump, and volleyball. However, there is still no quantitative research evaluation of its effects on the development of shoulder, elbow, and upper limb muscle strength in volleyball athletes. It is believed that a specific training protocol with vibration may bring benefits to sensory-motor performance and muscle strength implementation in volleyball athletes. Objective: To study the effects of vibration training on upper limb function in volleyball players. Methods: Literature, experimental, and mathematical-statistical research methods were used to explore the relationship between vibration training under the muscle strength of the upper limbs and their joints. Results: The vibration training with an amplitude of 2mm, at a vibration frequency between 30Hz and 45Hz, the frequency of vibration training presented inversely proportional to the effect of vibration training. Conclusion: Vibration training showed the benefits of motor coordination and increased muscle strength in volleyball players. An appropriate vibration training strategy can maximize athletes’ skills, such as body coordination, flexibility, and jumping ability. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
Spatial distribution, ecological indices and interactions of arthropods on Sapindus saponaria (Sapindaceae) plants
Authors: Souza R. F. A. , Leite G. L. D. , Soares M. A. , Teixeira D. L. , Silva J. L. , Sampaio R. A. , Guanabens R. E. M. , Santos M. M. , Faustino Júnior W. , Silva R. S. da , Zanuncio J. C.
Published: January 2023

Abstract Sapindus saponaria L. (Sapindaceae) is a pioneer species used in programs to recover degraded areas. The trees also assist in the pest control of some insects due to the composition of saponins on their leaves. In addition, these chemical components are important to pharmaceutical product production. The objective was to evaluate the impact of spatial distribution, indices and ecological relationship of arthropods on S. saponaria leaves to preserve the balance of biodiversity. Aggregated distribution of arthropods was observed; the numbers of phytophagous arthropods were higher on the adaxial leaf face than on the abaxial part. Only Aleyrodidae (Hemiptera) had a higher presence on the abaxial leaf face of S. saponaria saplings. Abundance, diversity, and species richness of natural enemies correlated positively with phytophagous and pollinators insects. On the other hand, the number of Lyriomyza sp. mines correlated negatively with Pseudomyrmex termitarius (Smith) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). All this information can assist and guide integrated pest management programs.
Ichthyofauna of Santa Helena Relevant Ecological Interest Area (REIA), Paraná, Brazil
Authors: Brandão Heleno , Lange Denise , Blanco Daniel Rodrigues , Kampfert Lucas Emilio Perin , Ramos Igor Paiva
Published: January 2023

Abstract The Relevant Ecological Interest Area (REIA), popularly known as “Refúgio Biológico de Santa Helena”, is part of the Atlantic Forest Biome and one of the 78 ecoregions mapped by IBAMA as basic unit for planning priorities focused on national biodiversity conservation. Quarterly collections were carried out from November 2017 to November 2019 to inventory the ichthyofauna of this Conservation Unit. Specimens were captured with the aid of gillnets, fishing sieve and seine. In total, 3,919 specimens belonging to two class, eight orders, 27 families and 74 species were sampled. Characiformes and Siluriformes presented the highest species richness; they accounted for 40 (54%) and 17 (23%) species, respectively. Geophagus sveni (181 individuals = 17%), Trachelyopterus galeatus (109 individuals = 10%) and Schizodon borellii (105 individuals = 10%) were the most abundant fish species captured with gillnet. Moenkhausia was the most abundant genus captured with seine and fishing sieve, with emphasis on species Moenkhausia bonita (930 individuals = 33%) and Moenkhausia gracilima (845 individuals = 30%). Moreover, two “endangered” species (Brycon orbignyanus and Pseudoplatystoma corruscans) were registered. Therefore, we present an updated inventory of species belonging to the ichthyofauna of REIA, and it may contribute to future management plans focused on this Conservation Unit.
Microplastic occurrence in fish species from the Iquitos region in Peru, western Amazonia
Authors: ROJAS Rommel R. , ARANGO-MORA Carlos , NOLORBE-PAYAHUA Christian , MEDINA Mishelly , VASQUEZ Melly , FLORES Josias , MURAYARI Fiorela , VÁSQUEZ Claudia , ALMEIDA Valeri de , RAMOS Wilfredo , RIOS ISERN Enrique , MARAPARA DEL AGUILA Jorge , CASTRO Juan C. , DEL ÁGUILA Javier , DIAZ JARAMA Felicia , VASCONCELOS-SOUZA Maria
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT The contamination of aquatic environments by microplastic has become a major threat to biodiversity. The presence of microplastic is documented in the aquatic fauna of the oceans, but, in the Amazon basin, reports on microplastic occurrence are few. The present study surveyed microplastic occurrence in fishes in an area of the Peruvian Amazon. We sampled 61 specimens of 15 commercial species from local markets in the city of Iquitos, Loreto Department. We detected a total of 2337 microplastic particles, 1096 in the gills and 1241 in the internal organs (esophagus, stomach, intestine, liver, gonads, pancreas, swim bladder and heart). The prevalence of microplastic particles was 100% and the overall average abundance was of 38.3 particles per individual (17.9 particles per individual in gills and 20.3 particles per individual in internal organs). Most particles were found in carnivorous fish. There was no correlation of particle abundance with fish standard length and weight. These results provided evidence of the degree of microplastic contamination of the fish fauna in the region of Iquitos.
Hotspots and hotmoments of wildlife roadkills along a main highway in a high biodiversity area in Brazilian Amazonia
Authors: ROCHA Lício Mota da , ROSA Clarissa , SECCO Helio , LOPES Edson Varga
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT Wildlife roadkills have become a concern in the Amazon biome due to the opening of major roads in recent decades. In this study, we aimed to describe wildlife roadkills in a 100-km stretch of the BR-163 highway, in western Pará state, determining which vertebrate groups are most affected and whether there are spatial (hotspots) and temporal (hotmoments) aggregations of roadkills. From July 2019 to June 2020, we carried out 25 surveys at 15-day intervals, from a vehicle at a maximum speed of 40 km h-1. We recorded 351 individuals at an observed rate of 0.14 ind km-1 day-1. Despite their lower detectability and faster carcass removal rate from the road due to small size, most recorded roadkills were amphibians (0.066 ind km-1 day-1). We mapped several hotspots along the study stretch considering the total number of animals recorded, and separately for amphibians and reptiles. Multiple linear regression analyses indicated that the number of roadkills of all vertebrates, amphibians and reptiles recorded are influenced by temperature and precipitation. Information on places with the highest incidence of roadkills can support actions such as the installation of underpasses and fences, aimed at reducing the impacts on wild vertebrates of this Amazonian highway.
Medical training in primary health care - a scoping review
Authors: Cavalli Luciana Osorio , Carvalho Brígida Gimenez
Published: January 2023

Abstract: Introduction: The inadequacies of medical schools in professional training regarding humanized care and aimed at the health needs of the population have been discussed for a long time. Several criticisms of the biomedical training model have been made and motivated several national and international entities and institutions to propose recommendations for a new training model, aimed mainly at the timely inclusion in Primary Health Care (PHC). Objective: To analyze how the inclusion of medical students in Primary Health Care during the undergraduate course occurs and the perception of different actors involved in this process. Method: This is a scoping review. Two sets of descriptors were used, aggregated as follows: Primary Health Care and Undergraduate Medical Education and “Primary Health Care” and Curriculum and Medical. Initially, a total of 2,174 articles were selected, which, after the reading of the title and abstract, was reduced to 42 and later, after being read in full, 27 studies were listed for the analysis. Results: Most studies were published (70%) after 2015, 52% in the same journal and as an experience report. The National Curriculum Guidelines appeared as the main motivator for change in 82.3% of the articles; 100% have timely inclusion, with 76.5% occurring as early as in the first semester; 47.1% entered the internship throughout eight semesters, but only 29.4% report the inclusion during the internship. Regarding the learning objectives, it was verified that it meets the graduates’ profile and that recommended by the guidelines. The perception of students and teachers points to the role of the internship in PHC as an important training space for the development of skills and abilities recommended by the guidelines. Among the negative aspects are the lack of structure in the units, the lack of trained professionals and unprepared tutors for teaching at this level of care, and precarious arrangements between the institution and departments. Conclusion: It can be seen in the assessed articles that undergraduate medical training meets the recommendations of the 2014 National Curriculum Guidelines, of international authors and experience reports; however, it is necessary to advance in relation to the teaching and student culture that overvalue the specialization, in teacher training and teaching-service integration.
Progress Test: medical student absenteeism is suggestive of poor academic performance
Authors: Pinheiro Carlos Eduardo , Kupek Emil , Oliveira Filho Olavo Franco , Reberti Ademir , Souza Diogo Onofre Gomes de
Published: January 2023

Abstract: Introduction: It is not known whether the absence of medical students at the Progress Test (PT) is random event or if it due to some systematic characteristic of the students, which could influence the representativeness of the results obtained by the participants. Objectives: 1) to compare the academic performance indexes, in UFSC Medical School, of students who were present and absent from the PT in 2019; 2) to propose a way to estimate, based on these indexes, what the absentee’s grades would be if they had participated in the PT; 3) to identify factors associated with absence from the PT. Method: The averages of academic performance indexes, overall and in the different phases (semesters) in the groups of students who were present and absent from the PT, were compared using Student’s t test for independent samples. Using a linear regression technique, the probable PT scores were assigned to the group of absent students. Results: The global averages of the three academic indicators were significantly lower in students absent from the PT (p ranging from < 0.03 to < 0.0001); in 10 of the 11 analyzed course phases (semesters), the academic indicators of absentees were worse than those present at the test. The attribution of PT grades to the absentees allowed us to verify that there is a correlation (R=0.62) between the percentage of these students and the difference in grades between the groups that took and those that did not take the PT. Among male students, 25.8% did not attend the PT, while among female students the number of absentees was 16.6% (difference with p <0.01). Conclusions: The absence of students at the PT does not occur randomly. Among the absentees, there is a systematic tendency to have students with worse academic performance. The use of multiple imputation of data demonstrate a correlation between the percentage of absentees and the difference in the average of grades in the PT of this group, compared to the average of the participants’ grades. The proportion of male students who missed the PT was significantly higher than that of female students.
Reliable capacity of electronic toll collection lanes
Authors: Bari Chintaman Santosh , Chandra Satish , Dhamaniya Ashish
Published: January 2023

For proper planning, design and operation of an electronic highway toll facility, the capacity of the toll lane is an important aspect that needs to be considered. Although the capacities of roads and intersections are generally referred to as stochastic in nature, toll lane capacity is still considered as a deterministic value. A study was undertaken into the variation in service headway and thus reliability related to capacity values for toll lanes. Videographic traffic data were collected at three electronic toll plazas in India. The service headway of cars was found to be lower compared to vehicles with trailers. A Monte Carlo simulation was used to generate the different variations that may occur in the service headway owing to supply-side and demand-side changes. Finally, the capacity for 80%, 90% and 95% reliability was found as 494, 554 and 608 passenger cars per hour, respectively. The developed capacity values can be used to check the volume-to-capacity ratio in a mixed traffic lane and can be used to develop the level-of-service thresholds for electronic toll collection lanes in future studies.
Konuşma Becerisi Eğitimine İlişkin Türkçe Öğretmenlerinin Öz Yeterlik Ölçeği Geliştirme Çalışması
Authors: DEMİRKOL Selmi , AYTAŞ Gıyasettin
Published: January 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı konuşma becerisinin eğitimi konusunda Türkçe öğretmenlerinin nelere dikkat etmeleri gerektiğine dair likert tipi geçerli ve güvenilir bir öz yeterlik ölçeği geliştirmektir. 354 Türkçe öğretmenine uygulanan ölçeğin yapı geçerliğine ilişkin bulgular, açımlayıcı faktör analizi ile sağlanmış ve 38 maddeden oluşan tek boyutlu bir yapı ortaya çıkmıştır. Ölçeğin iç tutarlık (güvenirlik) Cronbach Alfa değeri .94 olarak saptanmıştır. Nicel analiz sonuçlarına göre “Konuşma Becerisi Eğitimine İlişkin Türkçe Öğretmenlerinin Öz Yeterlik Ölçeği” olarak geliştirilen ölçme aracının, Türkçe öğretmenlerinin öz yeterliklerini ölçmede kullanılabilecek, geçerli ve güvenilir bir araç olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Yazılı Metinlerde Anlaşılırlığa Sınıf Düzeyinin, Cinsiyet Değişkeninin Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: FİDAN Mehmet
Published: January 2023

Metin yazabilmek ve yazılı metinleri anlayabilmek çok boyutlu bir yapıya sahiptir. Bu nedenle metnin niteliği aynı zamanda metnin anlaşılmasında da etkilidir. Bu araştırmada iletişimsel, estetik ve akademik amaçlarla yazılan metinlerin anlaşılırlığının belirlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu bağlamda sınıf düzeyi ve cinsiyet değişkenlerinin metinlerin anlaşılırlık durumuna etkisi gözlemlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırmada karma yöntem kullanılmıştır. Nicel yöntemlerden tarama modeli ve nitel yöntemlerden ise durum çalışması kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu eğitim fakültesi öğrencileri oluşturmaktadır. Elde edilen veriler çeşitli istatistiksel yöntemler ve içerik analizi ile yorumlanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre hem cinsiyet hem de sınıf düzeyi değişkenlerinin akademik metinlerin anlaşılırlığını etkilediği belirlenmiştir. Eğitim fakültesi öğrencilerinin yazdıkları metinlerin genel olarak anlaşılır olduğu görülmüştür. Araştırmaya katılan kız öğrencilerin yazdığı akademik metinlerin, erkek öğrencilerin yazdığı akademik metinlere göre daha anlaşılır olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca araştırmaya katılan dördüncü sınıf öğrencilerinin yazdığı akademik metinlerin, birinci sınıf öğrencilerinin yazdığı akademik metinlere göre daha anlaşılır olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Okuma Kültürünün Geliştirilmesine Yönelik Aile Farkındalık Programının Etkililiği: Bir Karma Yöntem Araştırması
Authors: GÖK Seçkin , YILDIRIM Kasım
Published: January 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı, okuma kültürünün geliştirilmesine yönelik aile farkındalık programının (OKGYAFP) çocukta okuma kültürü oluşturmaya yönelik aile yeterliliğine etkisini belirlemek ve ailelerin OKGYAFP deneyimlerinin okuma kültürü oluşturmaya yönelik yeterliliklerini nasıl değiştirdiğini keşfetmektir. Bu nedenle çalışmada karma yöntem araştırma desenlerinden açımlayıcı sıralı karma desen kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın nicel aşamasında öntest-sontest kontrol gruplu yarı deneysel desen tercih edilmiştir. Nitel aşamasında ise odak grup görüşmeleri yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın nicel boyutunun katılımcılarını Aydın ili Köşk ilçesinde bulunan bir devlet okulunun iki 2. sınıf şubesinin gönüllü velileri (n=30) oluşturmuştur. Nitel boyutunun çalışma grubunu ise araştırmanın deney grubunda yer alan velilerden gönüllü 10 kişi oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak Okuma Kültürü Oluşturmada Aile Yeterliliği Ölçeği ve görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Bu araştırmanın nicel verilerinin analizi için betimsel istatistiklerin yanı sıra tek yönlü kovaryans analizinden (ANCOVA) yararlanılmıştır. Nitel veriler ise içerik analizi yöntemiyle çözümlenmiştir. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre deney grubu velilerinin okuma kültürü oluşumunda aile yeterliliği son test puanlarının anlamlı düzeyde farklılaştığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca OKGYAFP’nin deney grubunu oluşturan veliler üzerinde okuma kültürü ediniminde aile yeterliliği noktasında yüksek etkiye sahip olduğu bulgusuna da ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda aileler programın okuma kültürü bağlamında farkındalık oluşturduğunu ifade etmiştir. Katılımcı ailelerin programın sonunda okuma kültürü oluşturmada aile yeterliliği düzeyleri ile programa ilişkin görüşlerinin tam olarak örtüştüğü de görülmüştür.
SOP - Lysis C plate based DNA extraction v1
Authors: Korlević Petra
Published: January 2023

This custom minimally morphologically destructive DNA extraction protocol was developed for malaria transmitting Anopheles mosquitoes as a cheap and fast alternative to kit-based approaches. DNA extracted using this method can be used unpurified but diluted for singleplex or multiplex PCR. It can also go unpurified straight into Covaris shearing followed by Illumina library preparation or, if quantification or quality is uncertain, it can be purified and used for whole genome sequencing. It is important to note that the times, temperatures, and volumes suggested here were primarily adapted for use with Anopheles mosquitoes, but these are quite flexible and can be adapted for different Diptera species (such as a 5-fold increase in volume for larger species like Glossina) and probably beyond. Our SOP is derived from two publications in which lysis buffer C was singled out as the best buffer for both present-day plate-based mosquito DNA extractions (least salt carryover into PCR) and historic museum single-tube DNA extractions (minimally morphologically destructive). For more information please refer to the original publications: Makunin, A., Korlević, P., Park, N., Goodwin, S., Waterhouse, R. M., von Wyschetzki, K., Jacob, C. G., Davies, R., Kwiatkowski, D., St Laurent, B., Ayala, D., & Lawniczak, M. K. N. (2022). A targeted amplicon sequencing panel to simultaneously identify mosquito species and Plasmodium presence across the entire Anopheles genus. Molecular Ecology Resources, 22(1), 28–44. 10.1111/1755-0998.13436 Korlević, P., McAlister, E., Mayho, M., Makunin, A., Flicek, P., & Lawniczak, M. K. N. (2021). A Minimally Morphologically Destructive Approach for DNA Retrieval and Whole-Genome Shotgun Sequencing of Pinned Historic Dipteran Vector Species. Genome Biology and Evolution, 13(10). 10.1093/gbe/evab226
Production of Crude AAV Virus Extract v2
Authors: Institute for Brain Science Allen
Published: January 2023

This protocol is used to produce crude preps of AAV of any serotype. Note: Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute Of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health under Award Numbers RF1MH114126 and RF1MH121274. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
Potential Alternative Energy of Hybrid Coal from Co-pyrolysis of Lignite with Palm Empty Fruit Bunch and the Kinetic Study
Authors: Jelita Rinny , Nata Iryanti Fatyasari , Irawan Chairul , Jefriadi J. , Anisa Meda Nur , Mahdi Muhammad Jauhar , Putra Meilana Dharma
Published: January 2023

Lignite is classified as a low-rank coal due to its low content of calories. Co-pyrolysis with biomass waste such as palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) here can be used to increase lignite’s economic value. The mixture of these two materials can produce an alternative energy source called hybrid coal (HC). This study aims to determine the optimum temperature for co-pyrolysis of lignite and EFB as well as characterize liquid (tar) and solid product (HC). Its kinetic study was evaluated as well. A raw material of 200 grams with a composition of 22.5% (w/w) EFB to lignite was put into a reactor to react at a temperature range of 300-450oC for 1 hour. To form hybrid coal briquettes (HCB),tapioca adhesive with a concentration of 6% (w/w) was added to the solid product (HC). The results showed that the tar yield increased with increasing temperature from 300 to 450oC. Similarly, the calorific value of HC increased by 14.50% as also occurred in other physical properties of HC. Meanwhile, the kinetic study revealed that the model was well-fitted to the data, and confirmed the obtained results. Thus, this research can support the development of affordable alternative energy to be implemented in large-scale production.