bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Functional Resistance Exercises Planned Without Field Exercise on Aerobic and Anaerobic Performance during the Pandemic Period
Authors: Kayıtken Bülent , Yol Yeliz
Published: July 2022

During the pandemic period, football referees, like professional athletes, had to take a break from training for a long time. “Repetitive sprinting skill”, “high-intensity repetitive running performance” and “high aerobic power” have an important place in the performance of the referees, and it has been observed that the developments gained after 2 weeks in detraining situation begin to be lost. On the other hand, increased fat ratios and strength differences between the extremities are considered to be the risk of disability and low performance. The aim of this study is to ensure that the performances of elite athletes are preserved with resistance training when they are away from field training for a long time, such as during mandatory situations during the pandemic period, end of seasons, and during injury periods. Participants performed a study consisting of 24 AMRAP-style functional resistance training, limited to a maximum of 9 m2 area, with the aim of metabolic conditioning, and 12 injury-preventing exercises in 42 days. Age, height, body weight, and fat ratios were 35.6 ± 5.01 years, and 184.65 ± 4.42 cm, respectively. A total of 38 elite referees, 8 of whom were FIFA licensed, with a weight of 80.88 ± 7.12 kg and 12.9 ± 3.08%, participated. When the participants' pre-and post-exercise measurements were compared, post-exercise body weight (p = 0.017), fat percentage (p = 0.000), jump performance (p = 0.000), doggy running (p = 0.000), MaxVO2 value (p = 0.000) and warm-up While there was a statistically significant difference in the RPE value after the procedure, no statistically significant difference was found in other parameters. As a result, it was found that planned functional strength training focused on metabolic conditioning significantly reduced anaerobic capacity and aerobic power losses in elite athletes. Accordingly, it is seen that home/hotel room training, which will be planned in holiday periods ranging from 1 to 3 months before starting the beginning of the season training, can be a simple and effective method for the athletes to start the next season in the readiest way.
Impact of COVID-19 on surgical treatment patterns in breast cancer: an Italian North-west tertiary referral breast unit analysis.
Authors: Baù Maria Grazia , Surace Alessandra , Stura Ilaria , Picardo Elisa , Mitidieri Marco , Benedetto Chiara , Borella Fulvio , Giordano Livia , Mondino Aurelia , Mano Maria Piera , Carosso Marco
Published: July 2022

Purpose
Oncological treatments experienced a significant reduction during COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of our retrospective study was to evaluate breast cancer surgical treatment modification during COVID.
Methods
We retrospectively evaluated the patients treated during 2019 and compared to those treated in 2020 according to surgery choice, stratified by quarter for each study year.
Results
surgical activity decreased from 890 cases in 2019 to 638 cases in 2020, referred to distribution stratified by radicality and plastic reconstruction surgery (p = 0.0019). Our analysis found a reduction in conservative surgery between 2019 and 2020. An increased trend in axillary dissections was observed (47% of interventions done in 2019 vs 53% in 2020). Similarly, the number of bilateral mastectomies increased in 2020 compared to 2019 with 16 vs 32 (p = 0.001).
Conclusion
we impute the decrease of surgical activities in 2020 compared to 2019 not only to a screening delay but also to an increased patients fear of hospital access for routinary diagnostic procedures or for symptoms check-up. Especially during pandemic, preference should be given to the most effective minimal surgical procedure, with the fastest recovery time, that lower risks for the individual patient and reduce the need of healthcare resources.
Analysis of the Occurrence of Complications in the Anesthetic Induction in Patients Submitted to the Abbreviation of Preoperative Fasting
Authors: Félix Ana Carolina Ferreira , Vieira Flavio Ferraz , Silva Sérgio Gomes , Amancio Alice Muglia Thomaz Silva , Bittencourt Alexandre Horácio Couto
Published: July 2022

Preoperative overnight fasting was instituted at a time when anesthetic techniques were rudimentary, to prevent pulmonary complications associated with vomiting and aspiration of gastric contents. Recent studies show that reducing preoperative fasting time is a safe practice and does not increase the risk of bronchoaspiration during anesthetic induction. The use of a carbohydrate solution is also indicated, two to four hours before the operation, determining greater patient satisfaction, less irritability, reduced number of vomiting and less organic response to surgical stress. The aim of this study was to verify the effect of fasting abbreviation on complications during induction of anesthesia in patients undergoing head and neck surgery. It was observed that the highest prevalence of preoperative fasting time was between 2 and 4 hours. There were no symptoms of vomiting, intraoperative bronchoaspiration, salivary fistula and wound dehiscence in the postoperative period. The values for the occurrence of chylous fistula and postoperative symptoms were 0.92% and 7.34%, respectively. Analyzing the results, it was possible to verify that the abbreviation of preoperative fasting is safe. There were no complications such as bronchoaspiration, wound dehiscence, postoperative salivary fistula or intraoperative vomiting. The values for postoperative symptoms and chylous fistula were minimal.
Airborne acoustic emission of an abrasive waterjet cutting system as means for monitoring the jet cutting capability
Authors: Copertaro Edoardo , Annoni Massimiliano
Published: July 2022

Abrasive waterjet cutting is a manufacturing technology making use of a high-speed waterjet with abrasive particles in suspension, for cutting hard materials. Product quality requirements are pushing towards an improvement of tracking and stabilization methods of the relevant process variables. Among those, the jet kinetic power defines the cutting capability and has a significant impact on the final cut features. This variable is subject to relevant fluctuations versus time. Besides, the current state of the art does not provide means for its in-line monitoring. The aim of this contribution is to monitor the airborne acoustic emission of an abrasive waterjet cutting head and investigate its correlation with the jet kinetic power. The investigation is carried out by means of factorial studies, in which the jet is fired at various water pressures and abrasive feed rates, providing different kinetic powers. The acoustic emission is synchronously monitored by means of a condenser microphone, installed on the cutting head. Data at frequencies above 40 kHz is found to constitute a robust and selective acoustic signature of the airborne jet. The acoustic signature is proven to be an effective in-line indicator of the jet kinetic power and its pressure-induced variations, whilst abrasive-induced variations remain undetected. A calibration procedure is presented, for translating the acoustic data into a jet kinetic power. The method is validated by means of further experiments that envisage its deployment in a real scenario. Overall, the presented method constitutes a robust tool for monitoring pressure-induced variations of the jet cutting capability.
Comparable oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and impaired phagocytosis against biodiesel and diesel exhaust particles in advanced multicellular human lung mucosa models
Authors: Rahman Mizanur , Upadhyay Swapna , Ganguly Koustav , Introna Micol , Ji Jie , Boman Christoffer , Muala Ala , Blomberg Anders , Sandström Thomas , Palmberg Lena
Published: July 2022

Background Biodiesel is considered as a Sustainable alternative for fossil fuels such as petro-diesel. However, we still lack knowledge about the impact of biodiesel emissions on human. The airway is the primary target organ of inhaled toxicants. Our current study investigated the effect of exhaust particles from well characterized rapeseed methyl ester (RME) biodiesel exhaust particles (BDEP) and petro-diesel exhaust particles (DEP) on primary bronchial epithelial cells (PBEC) and Macrophages (MQ). MethodThe bronchial mucosa models were developed using human primary bronchial epithelial cells (PBEC) in presence or absence of THP-1 cell-derived macrophages (MQ). The experimental set-up used for BDEP and DEP exposures (18 and 36 µg/cm2) as well as the corresponding sham exposure (control) were PBEC-ALI, MQ-ALI, and PBEC co-cultured with MQ (PBEC-ALI/MQ). ResultFollowing exposure to both BDEP and DEP (18 and 36 µg/cm2), both reactive oxygen species and stress protein heat shock protein 60 were upregulated in PBEC-ALI and MQ-ALIExpression of both pro-inflammatory (M1:CD86) and repair (M2: CD206) macrophage polarization markers were increased in MQ-ALI against both BDEP and DEP exposure. Phagocytosis activity of MQ, and phagocytosis receptors both CD35 and CD64 were downregulated whereas CD36 was upregulated in MQ-ALI. Increased transcript and secreted protein levels of CXCL8, as well as IL6 and TNFα were detected against both BDEP and DEP exposure (18 and 36 µg/cm2) in PBEC-ALI. Furthermore, the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) pathway and COX-2-mediated histone phosphorylation and DNA damage were increased in PBEC-ALI following exposure to BDEP and DEP (18 and 36 µg/cm2). Valdecoxib, a COX-2 inhibitor reduced the level of prostaglandin E2, histone phosphorylation and DNA damage in PBEC-ALI following exposure to both concentration of BDEP and DEP. However, in the presence of PBEC-ALI/MQ, the expression of M1-specific marker was down-regulated after DEP exposures in MQ-ALI.Conclusion Taken together, our data indicate comparable oxidative stress and proinflammatory effects after BDEP and DEP exposures in-vitro. As the use of biofuels increases, the present findings confirm the need to expand the toxicological knowledge of emissions from different biofuels and blends, to better include health impacts of air pollution in the overall sustainability assessment of emerging fossil-free solutions.
Numerical evaluation of dynamic earth lateral pressure on basement walls in cohesionless soils (a case study of Iranian earthquakes)
Authors: Hamzaban Mohammad-Taghi , Mikola Roozbeh Geraili , Mojarab Masoud , Ebrahimi Saeed
Published: July 2022

Various earth-retaining structures are extensively used in different civil engineering projects. Using the results of experimental and numerical modeling, the effect of the earthquake loading on the distribution of the earth lateral pressures on basement walls was investigated. The UBCHYST constitutive model was used in the performed numerical simulations, and using the results of 12 centrifuge dynamic model tests, a calibration process was conducted to obtain the proper input parameters for numerical models. Based on the results, some correlations between the dynamic increment coefficient of earth lateral pressure (ΔKae) and the free field peak ground acceleration (PGAff) were established. The correlations are different for stiff and flexible basement walls. In the end, the results of the model calibration process were verified by the examination of 12 major earthquakes that occurred in the Iran plateau. The results showed that the proposed ΔKae-PGAff correlations are precise enough for the applied design projects.
Breathing plastics in Metro Manila, Philippines: Presence of suspended atmospheric microplastics in ambient air
Authors: Romarate Rodolfo II A , Ancla Sheila Mae B , Patilan Dawn May M , Inocente Sherley Ann T , Pacilan Christine Joy M , Sinco Astrid L , Guihawan Jaime Q , Capangpangan Rey Y , Lubguban Arnold A , Bacosa Hernando P
Published: July 2022

Microplastics (< 5mm) have lately been identified in the atmosphere of urban, suburban, and even distant places far from plastic particle areas, suggesting the possibility of long-distance atmospheric transport of microplastics. However, the occurrence, fate, transmission, and effects of these suspended atmospheric microplastics (SAMPs) are all currently unknown in the Philippines. This study investigated the presence of suspected microplastic in the atmosphere of sixteen cities and one municipality of Metro Manila, Philippines. Sampling was conducted using a respirable dust sampler mounted with a Whatman GF/C filter paper and an intake flow rate of 1.4 L/min with Whatman GF/C filter paper. Results reveal that all seventeen sampling areas have the presence of SAMPs. A total of 155 SAMPs were found and confirmed in Metro Manila, recording the highest concentration in Muntinlupa City and Mandaluyong City (0.023 SAMP/NCM). Fourteen SAMP types were identified across the sampling areas, ⁓74% with polyester. This study is the first record of the presence of microplastics suspended in the ambient air in the Philippines. It is estimated that an adult person in Metro Manila has a potential to inhale (5–8 per minute, normal minute ventilation) normal ventilation about 1 SAMP if exposed for about 99.0 to 131.57 hours. Further studies should be done to evaluate the fate and health effects of these SAMPs in Metro Manila’s setting.
Improving Some Aesthetic and Performance Characteristics of Wool via Synergistic Action of a Protease and a Cationic Silicon Softener
Authors: Mowafi Salwa , El-Newashy Rania
Published: July 2022

Production of textile garments with pleasant aesthetic property is always a customer-demand; and the application of eco-friendlier methods to attain this target is driven by the environmental legislation all over the world. The main aim of this study is improving garment appearance and performance attributes of wool fabric by two-consecutive benign processes using bio- and chemical treatments. Two commercial proteases were used in bio-treatment of wool under their respective appropriate conditions. The bio-treated wool fabrics were modified with an aqueous solution of a water-dispersible cationic softener based on poly amino siloxane (PAS). The effects of these treatments on some of the physical and mechanical properties of wool fabric were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows the descaled surface of bio-treated wool, and the coated fibre surface of AS-treated wool. Results of this investigation showed that the drapability, and hence the aesthetic property, of the treated fabric was improved. Based on the bending length, drape coefficient, wettability, smoothness, yellowness index, and AC electrical conductivity of the treated wool fabrics, selected samples were assigned to be used in prediction of the garment appearance using CLO3D simulation software.
Machine Learning Analysis of the UK Biobank Reveals IGF-1 and Inflammatory Biomarkers Predict Parkinson’s Disease Risk
Authors: Allwright Michael , Mundell Hamish , Sutherland Greg , Austin Paul , Guennewig Boris
Published: July 2022

INTRODUCTIONWe use the world-leading UK Biobank dataset (UKB) with over 500,000 participants and >10,000 variables across multiple data modalities to determine a ranking of candidate risk factors for Parkinson’s Disease (PD) without a priori assumption. METHODS The Integrated Disease Explanation and Risk Scoring platform (IDEARS) applies machine learning algorithms to multi-modal personalised health data to determine individual disease risk and interpret the most important risk factors using mean SHAP score. IDEARS is applied to the UKB to determine the risk factors for PD. RESULTSIDEARS showed improved discriminative performance (AUC=0.672) compared to a known risk factor model (0.620). Gender had the highest mean SHAP score. IGF-1, lymphocyte count, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR, an inflammatory marker) and frailty factors also ranked highly. A further investigation into IGF-1 and NLR showed elevated levels in the period prior to diagnosis and at the point of diagnosis in both sexes. DISCUSSIONThe IDEARS model outperformed an approach looking only at agreed risk factors despite making no a priori assumptions. Novel PD risk biomarkers, including elevated IGF-1 and NLR are likely to play a role in the disease mechanism. This panel of biomarkers may be used clinically to predict future PD risk, improve early diagnosis and to understand disease mechanism.
Solar-driven ultrafast lithium extraction from low-grade brine using microfluidics-mediated vortex in scalable electrochemical reactors
Authors: Zhang Xianyun , Li Zhen , Liu Jiang , Xu Fuzong , Zheng Leiliang , De Wolf Stefaan , Lai Zhiping , Lu Xu
Published: July 2022

Electrochemical lithium (Li) extraction from low-grade salt lake brine, when powered by off-grid renewables, represents a potential approach to meeting the substantially increasing demand for battery-grade Li2CO3. However, this technology has been drastically challenged by the low extraction rate and high production cost, largely due to the lack of research on reactor engineering and system scale-out. Herein, we rationally designed a scalable spiral-microstructured electrochemical reactor (SMER) to accomplish ultrafast and economical Li extraction under harsh brine conditions by virtue of significantly accelerated mass transfer. We showcased that the SMER was stably operated at a Li extraction rate over 5.6 times as much as that of state-of-art devices, and could be up-scaled for commercial production of battery-grade Li2CO3 driven by solar cells. This work lays the ground for sustainable Li extraction from remote low-grade salt lake brine and can be readily applied to more minable Li reserves/resources.
Hybrid molecular graphene transistor as an operando and optoelectronic platform
Authors: Trasobares Jorge , Martín-Romano Juan , Khaliq Muhammad , Ruiz-Gómez Sandra , Foerster Michael , Orti Miguel Niño , Pedraz Patricia , Dappe Yannick , de Ory Marina Marina-Calero , García-Pérez Julia , Acebron Maria , Rodriguez-Osorio Manuel , Magaz María , Gomez Alicia , Miranda Rodolfo , Granados Daniel
Published: July 2022

Lack of reproducibility harms molecular devices integration into genuine circuits. Thus, incorporating operando characterization will help to understand multiples features producing disparities. In this work, we report an hybrid molecular graphene field effect transistor (m-GFET) made with 11-(Ferrocenyl)undecanethiol (FcC11SH) and high-quality graphene (Gr) in a back-gated Field Effect Transistor configuration. On the one hand, Gr enables redox electron transfer, avoids molecular degradation and permits operando spectroscopy. On the other hand, molecular electrode decoration shifts the Gr Dirac point (VDP) to neutrality and introduce an extra function. Remarkably, photoconductance appears at the Gr electron conduction regime. As follows, we benefit from these heterogenous electrical and optical inputs to handle the m-GFET as AND/OR logic function. Proofs presented here illustrate a large step forward in the field of molecular scale electronics with implications in sensing and computing.
Evaluation method of local failure characteristics for joint based on white light scanning technology
Authors: SONG Leibo , Zhang Dan , Wang Gang , Du ShiGui , Hu Gaojian , Han Guansheng , Wang Xingkai , Liu Xiqi
Published: July 2022

Joint is one of the important factors affecting the stability of engineering rock mass. To quantitatively analyze the local failure characteristics of joint, the point cloud data of its morphology before and after shear were obtained by 3D white light scanning technology. Firstly, the problem of cloud surface skew of point cloud data was solved by constructing rotation matrix and translation matrix based on the principle of least square method, and the datum plane of joint was determined. Then, the datum plane of the joint before and after shear was adjusted to be consistent based on the point cloud data of the marked points and the undamaged area of the joint, and the point cloud data with equal spacing were obtained by one-dimensional or two-dimensional interpolation algorithm. Finally, a 3D description method of joint local Morphological characteristics is proposed. The proposed method can determine the scope of surface failure of joint, quantitatively analyze the locality of its failure characteristics, and provide data support for distinguishing the types of shear failure and further research on shear mechanism.
The incidence and risk factors of lumbodorsal fasciitis in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: a retrospective study in 1182 cases
Authors: Wang Feng , Zhang Cong , Sun Rui , Zhang Shao-Dong , Wu Xiao-Tao
Published: July 2022

Backgroud Lumbodorsal fasciitis contributes to residual back pain after percutaneous kyphoplasty in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF). This study aimed to identify the incidence and risk factors of lumbodorsal fasciitis in OVCF cases without previous spine surgery.Methods A retrospective study of OVCF patients in a single spine center between June 2016 and October 2020. Demographics, spine trauma, back pain duration, vertebral fractures number, and comorbidity profile of OVCF with and without lumbodorsal fasciitis were summarized and compared.Results 1182 OVCF patients averaged to 72.19 years old were included and 532 showed lumbodorsal fasciitis, approximating to a comorbidity rate of 45%. The incidence of lumbodorsal fasciitis was: 22.2% in age group < 60 and increased to 39.5% in 60–70, 45.1% in 70–80, and 59.4% in > 80 years old; 42.26% in females and increased to 57% in males; 40% in OVCF caused by apparent spine trauma and increased to 53.5% in non-traumatic OVCF; 40.6% in single OVCF and increased to 57.1% in multiple fractures involving two and 72.7% involving three or more vertebra; 36.8% in patients with pre-hospital back pain for < 1 week and increased to 43.75% for 1–2 weeks, 54.09% for 2–4 weeks, and 69.89% for 1–3 months. Patients with multiple and cardio-cerebrovascular comorbidities including hypertension, coronary heart disease, and cerebral infarction had higher risk of lumbodorsal fasciitis.Conclusions Lumbodorsal fasciitis is a common comorbidity of OVCF. Male gender, increasing age, non-traumatic and multiple OVCF, prolonged symptom of back pain, multiple and cardio-cerebrovascular comorbidities dispose higher risk of lumbodorsal fasciitis.
Abnormal Neural Differentiation in Response to Graphene Quantum Dots through Histone Modification Interference
Authors: Ku Tingting , Ren Zhihua , Yang Renjun , Liu Qian S. , Sang Nan , Faiola Francesco , Zhou Qunfang , Jiang Guibin
Published: July 2022

Background
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have been broadly applied in biomedicine in recent years, and their environmental exposure and toxicological impacts have raised increasing concerns. The nanosafety assessment on the nervous system is one of the most important aspects, and potential effects of GQDs on neurodevelopment and the underlying mechanism are still elusive. In this study, the neural developmental toxicities of hydroxylated GQDs (OH-GQDs) and amino functionalized GQDs (NH2-GQDs) were investigated using the mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs).
Results
The results revealed that OH-GQDs significantly inhibited the ectoderm development, and reduced the neural precursor formation and neurogenesis during the neural differentiation of the mESCs. The exploration on the mechanism uncovered that the increased enrichment of H3K27me3 at the promoter region of the Smad6 gene was involved in histone modification-activated BMP signal pathway, which consequently influenced its regulatory effects on neural differentiation. Additionally, OH-GQDs elicited stronger effect on inducing the imbalance of histone modification, and resulted in higher latency of neural differentiation disturbance than did NH2-GQDs, suggesting surface functionalization-specific effects of GQDs on neurodevelopmental toxicity.
Conclusion
This study would provide new insights in not only the adverse effects of GQDs on neurodevelopment, but also the influence from the chemical modification of GQDs on their bioactivities.
Differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells into smooth muscle cells in an internal anal sphincter-targeting faecal incontinence animal model
Authors: Kim Minsung , Oh Bo-Young , Lee Ji-Seon , Yoon Dogeon , Kim You-Rin , Chun Wook , Kim Jong Wan , Son Il tae
Published: July 2022

Background: Studies on the development of a faecal incontinence (FI) model targeting smooth muscle cells (SMCs) of the internal anal sphincter (IAS) have not been reported. Differentiation of implanted human adipose-derived stem cells (hADScs) into corresponding SMCs in an IAS-targeting FI model has also not been demonstrated. We aimed to develop an IAS-targeting FI animal model and to determine the differentiation of hADScs into SMCs in the established IAS-targeting animal model.Methods: An IAS-targeting FI model was developed by inducing cryoinjury at the inner side of the muscular layer via posterior intersphincteric dissection in Sprague–Dawley rats. After in vitro confirmation of differentiation ability into SMCs, implantation of Dil-stained hADScs (1×106 cells per site) was immediately performed at the IAS injury site via microscopic needling. Multiple markers, including α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), SM22α, calponin, caldesmon, smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SMMHC), smoothelin, stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein 3 (MCP-3), fibronectin, CoL1A1, and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), were used to confirm molecular changes in smooth muscles before implantation (n = 10) and after differentiation of labelled cells at one and two weeks after implantation (n = 20). These analyses were performed using H&E staining, immunofluorescence staining, Masson’s trichrome staining, and quantitative RT–PCR.Results: Impaired smooth muscle layers accompanying other intact layers were identified in the cryoinjury group. Specific SMC markers, including SM22α, calponin, caldesmon, SMMHC, smoothelin, and SDF-1 were significantly decreased in the cryoinjured group compared with levels in the control group. However, CoL1A1 was increased significantly in the cryoinjured group. In the hADSc-treated group (n = 10), higher levels of SMMHC, smoothelin, SM22α, and α-SMA were observed at two weeks after implantation than at one week after implantation. Stem cell tracking revealed that Dil-stained cells were located at the site of augmented SMCs, with a diminished population of labelled cells after implantation.Conclusions: We first established an IAS-specific FI animal model. Although we could not confirm pathologic evidence of the differentiation of implanted hADScs into SMCs at the injury site, we can infer that implanted cells could lead to augmentation of SMCs.
The effect of senile age on functional outcome and revision rate of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: chen handong , Liu ChangQuan , Ge JunCheng , Zhang Yue , Zhang QiDong , guo wanshou
Published: July 2022

Background
Senile patients have received UKA less than younger patients, and senile age has been regarded as a relative contraindication to UKA. However, as surgical instruments and techniques have improved, the use of UKA in senile patients has also increased.The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of senile age on functional outcomes and cumulative revision rates in patients who underwent primary unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA).
Methods
We performed a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library to identify clinical studies involving the effect of stratified age on outcomes after UKA. The main measures were functional outcome scores including knee society scores (KSS) and Oxford knee scores (OKS) and revision rates. Data was collected by extraction form, and the relative literature was evaluated by using the methodological Index for Nonrandomized Studies (MINORS). Finally, pooled data was analyzed by the use of RevMan5.4 software.
Result
s A total of 8 studies were eligible and included in our study, and it provided a total of 57576 primary UKAs. Patients were divided into two cohort groups based on age classification: elderly age (60–75) and senile age (75–90). In the elderly and senile age groups, there were 37690 and 10942 primary UKAs, respectively. The data analysis showed a statistically significant difference in KSS (objective) and KSS (function) between the senile and elderly age groups (P < 0.05). On the other hand, the OKS decreased significantly in the senile age group (P < 0.05). In addition, the revision rate of UKA in the senile age group was similar or less than that in the elderly age group (P > 0.05).
Conclusion
Senile age is not a vital factor for revision in UKA, and functional outcomes in the senile population are acceptable compared to the younger age groups. Therefore, it is an effective and reliable procedure for relieving pain and improving function in senile patients, and we can infer that disease condition is more vital than age in confirming those who are going to do well postoperatively.
Mediation analysis of erythrocyte lipophilic index on the association between BMI and risk of oral cancer
Authors: Fan Yi , Chen Qing , Wang Yaping , Wang Jing , Li Yanni , Wang Sijie , Weng Yanfeng , Yang Qiujiao , chen Chen , Lin Lisong , Qiu Yu , Chen Fa , Wang Jing , He Baochang , Liu Fengqiong
Published: July 2022

Aims
To explore the relationship between fatty acid lipophilic index (LI) of erythrocyte membrane and oral cancer risk, as well as to evaluate the possibility of LI acting as a mediator of the association between body mass index (BMI) and oral cancer.
Method
In a case-control study from China, 23 fatty acids (FAs) of the erythrocyte membrane were measured using gas chromatography in 380 oral cancer patients and 387 control subjects. The LI was calculated based on FA proportion and FA melting points. The association of BMI and erythrocyte LI with oral cancer risk was analyzed using logistic regression. Mediation effect of the LI on the association between BMI and oral cancer risk was evaluated using mediation analysis.
Results
Among the control group, 46.0% of them were overweight or obese, which was significantly higher than that of oral cancer patients (29.5%). Significant differences of erythrocyte membrane saturated fatty acids (SFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were observed between the patient and control group. The proportion of C18:1 n-9 from the MUFAs family increased in oral cancer patients (12.67%) compared with control (12.21%). While the total proportion of n-3 PUFAs decreased in oral cancer patients compared with control, with C20:5 n-3 decreased from 0.66–0.47%, and C22:6 n-3 decreased from 5.82–4.86%. The LI was lower in the control participant (M = 27.6, IQR: 27.3–27.9) than that of the oral cancer patients (M = 28.2, IQR: 27.9–28.5). BMI was inversely associated with oral cancer risk with a fully adjusted ORs of 0.59 (95% CI: 0.43–0.83), while LI was positively associated with oral cancer risk with a fully adjusted ORs of 1.99 (95% CI:1.36–2.94). LI explained 7% of the variance in the relationship between BMI and oral cancer risk.
Conclusions
Distribution of the FA profile in erythrocyte membranes differed between the oral cancer patients and control group. The LI derived from the profile of FAs was positively associated with the risk of oral cancer, and the associations between BMI and oral cancer risk could be explained, at least in part, by LI.
Identification of N6-Methyladenosine-Related Gene Based Prognostic Signature to Predict Survival and Potential Therapeutic Drugs in Glioma
Authors: Dong Xingyu , Zhang Yang , Fang Sheng , Li Qiang , Zhang Sunfu , Wu Chunmiao
Published: July 2022

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is one of the most abundant RNA modification methods in the eukaryote. It was reported that abnormal expression of m6A-related genes is closely associated with the tumorigenesis and progression of glioma. However, the role of m6A RNA methylation in the development of glioma is still unclear. In the current study, we defined m6A-related clusters in glioma cohorts from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database which exhibited distinct outcomes in OS. From differentially expressed genes between these clusters, m6A-associated prognostic genes were further narrowed down. Eventually, FRA10AC1, GPR85, MARCHF5, and NUAK2 were selected to form the m6Amethylation-based prognostic signature (MMS) of glioma by Cox and LASSO regression analysis. Subsequently, the efficacy and effectiveness of MMS were examined in the training, testing, and whole groups. Kaplan-Meier survival curve indicated high- and low-risk subgroups divided by MMS showed significantly different OS, and the AUCs of MMS reached 0.75 in all groups. In combined analysis with other clinical-pathological factors, MMS was proved as an independent predictive standard of glioma prognosis. In addition, gene enrichment revealed changes in signaling pathways, biological processes and hallmark gene sets between high- and low-risk subgroups. Last but not least, potential therapeutic molecules for the high-risk patient with MMS were subsequently explored. In general, our study provided MMS, a novel molecular panel closely associated with m6A methylation that holds high efficacy in predicting the prognosis of glioma.
Phosphorus deficiencies invoke lipids-like enrich in sweetpotato rhizosphere to stimulate bacterial inositol phosphate metabolism
Authors: Zhu Xiaoya , Wang Jing , Zhang Qiangqiang , Zhao Peng , Liu Ming , Jin Rong , Zhang Aijun , Tang Zhonghou
Published: July 2022

Purpose Rhizosphere is the key part of belowground interaction between plant, microbes and soil. Beneficial interactions between plant roots and rhizosphere microorganisms are pivotal for plant fitness. Given the effort to improve sweetpotato phosphorus (P) efficiency, it is important to understand the adaptive strategies of sweetpotato rhizosphere under limited P availability. The aim of this study was to explore the variation of bacterial community and metabolite profiles of sweetpotato rhizosphere and their interactions under low P stress.Method Rhizosphere samples collected from sweetpotato (Shangshu 19) grown in long-term (41 years) application nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) fertilizers (NK) and N, P and K fertilizers (NPK) soils were analyzed the bacterial community and metabolite profiles by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), respectively. Conclusion Different fertilization treatments significantly affected the abundances of rare genus in Shangshu 19 rhizosphere. The COG and KEGG enrichment analysis showed the function of bacterial correlated to sugar metabolism and inositol phosphate metabolism were significantly enhanced under low P stress. LC-MS analysis obtained similar results that galactose metabolism and phospholipase D signaling pathway were the top 2 differential metabolic pathways. Our results suggested that the bacteria of Shangshu 19 rhizosphere may use sugars as energy material to respond to low P stress by changing inositol phosphate metabolism. The increases of lipid-like substances played a connecting role, it was produced by sugar metabolism, and then entering mevalonate pathway activate inositol phosphate metabolism. These results have important practical significance for optimizing sweetpotato cultivation system.
Qsar, Molecular Docking, and Adme Studies of Ferulic Acid Derivatives
Authors: Yadav Suchitra , Sharma Aastha , Kumar Mahesh , Narasimhan Balasubramanian
Published: July 2022

Antimicrobial resistance is most often regarded as a serious threat to human health, as well as a major public health concern with numerous and complicated factors leading to its incidence and spread. The ferulic acid derivatives were selected from the reported work by Khatkhar et al., (2015). 2D QSAR identified the nonlinear dependence of biological activity with Log P. In 2D QSAR studies, molecular descriptors include topological parameters like third valence order molecular connectivity index (3χV), valence first-order molecular connectivity index (1χV), Kier's third-order alpha shape index (kα3) and Balaban, lipophilic parameter like log P, electronic parameters like Vamp Lumo and total dipole, govern the antibacterial activity of ferulic acid derivatives. The molecular docking technique predicts binding affinity, drug-receptor interaction, and orientation of drug molecules to the target site, and ADME predicts drug likeliness. Molecular docking studies signify that compounds 18, 15, 21, 32, and 30 have the best docking score against protein transcriptional regulation (PDB ID: 5X14). Based on QSAR, molecular docking results, and binding interaction analysis, ADME studies were employed and show an excellent ADME profile by the Lipinski rule of five. The study suggests that these compounds could be employed as lead structures for advanced research in antimicrobial resistance.
Effect of dual-task training on clinical and biological factors related to sarcopenia in older adults: a quasi-randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sepúlveda-Loyola Walter , Maciel Renata Pires Tricanico , Teixeira Denilson Castro , Araya-Quintanilla Felipe , Junior Rubens Alexandre da Silva , Santos Suhaila Mahmoud Smaili , Rodríguez-Mañas Leocadio , Probst Vanessa Suziane
Published: July 2022

Background
Sarcopenia is a disease associated with different functional and biological factors related to the aging process. Preventing sarcopenia is important because this disease is associated with increased risk of frailty, falls, fractures, hospitalization, and mortality in older adults. Physical exercise has been the most used intervention for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia. However, most of the exercise interventions have focused on strength training and nutritional supplementation, targeting the intervention for sarcopenia as a problem related only to muscle mass and strength. However, sarcopenia is a multidimensional condition with negative impacts on functional status. Dual-task training is effective in increasing different functional variables such as balance and gait speed. Nevertheless, there are few studies focused on the effect of this intervention on clinical and biological variables related to sarcopenia. For this reason, the objective of this study was to analyze the effects of dual-task training on clinical and biological measurements of sarcopenia in non-sarcopenic older adults.
Methods
48 older adults were included in this study. Fat-free mass, fat mass, calf circunference, handgrip strenght, 5-repetition sit-to stand, 4-meter gait speed, six-minute walking test and oxidative stress blood biomakers were evaluated. Individuals were allocated into one of these two groups: dual-task training (experimental group) and simple-task training (control group) for 12 weeks, 3 times a week, 50 minutes each session. Student's t test, Mann-Whitney test, and ANCOVA, with adjustment for baseline were used. Cohen's effect size was calculated.
Results
Dual-task training increased the fat-free mass and calf circunference, and reduced the fat mass (Cohen's effect size from 0.4 to 1.0; p < 0.05 for all). Both groups showed improvement in 5-repetition sit-to stand, 4-meter gait speed, six-minute walking test (Cohen's effect size from 0.5 to 1.0; p < 0.05 for all). All the antioxidant biomakers (glutathione transferase, catalase, total plasma antioxidant potential and sulfhydryl grouping) increased after dual-task training (Cohen's effect size from 0.4 to 1.0; p < 0.05 for all).
Conclusion
Dual-task training improved muscle mass, muscle strenght and physical performance, which are the clinical measurements of sarcopenia. Additionally, this intervention also increased the antioxidant capacity in healthy older adults.
Efficacy and safety of automated antiseptic lavage and suctioning of oral, oropharyngeal, and subglottic secretions (VapCare) among ventilated patients with COVID-19 developing ventilator-associated events during hospitalization: a prospective randomized open blinded end-point study
Authors: Bhardwaj Vimal , Alva Arjun , Manoj Adarsh
Published: July 2022

BackgroundGlobally, invasive mechanical ventilation is one of the many methods relied on by intensivists to treat patients diagnosed with COVID-19. In this population, substandard oral care and secretion management permit the colonization of pathogens in the oral cavity and aspiration of these microbe-laden secretions is the leading cause of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). This study was conducted to analyze the effects of VapCare, an automated and intelligent secretion clearance and oral hygiene management system for VAP prevention, compared to the manual process.DesignA single-center, prospective, randomized, open-blinded, end-point study was conducted on invasively ventilated patients diagnosed with COVID-19.SettingA tertiary care facility that is National Accreditation Board for Hospitals accredited in Bangalore, India.ParticipantsTwelve adult patients diagnosed with COVID-19 via RT-PCR, antigen, computed tomography scan, or any other approved method intubated for at least 48 hours were recruited from the medical intensive care unit.InterventionPatients were given (n=6) or not given (n=6) the VapCare medical device along with the current standard of care.ResultsSix patients were assigned to the control group (Cx) that received manual suctioning, and six were assigned to the treatment group (Tx) that received VapCare. 3(50%) of the patients in the Cx experienced a ventilator-associated condition (VAC), and 2(33%) of the patients received a confirmed diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). There was no incidence of VAC or VAP in the Tx. With an outlier (subject two) excluded, the average cost of antibiotics per patient in the Tx was 32% less at 68,319 INR, while the average cost in the Cx was 100,783 INR. Clearance of secretions was almost 2x in the Tx compared to the Cx. The amount collected from the subglottic region (from where aspirations into the lungs can occur) was lower in the Tx (6.5 ml) when compared to the Cx (7.4 ml), showing that VapCare effectively clears secretions before they reach the subglottic region.ConclusionVapCare can reduce VAP incidence in invasively ventilated patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Antibiotic costs were also reduced by 32% in the Tx compared to the Cx. This study also allows us to hypothesize that automated suctioning can reduce the amount of secretions that can reach the subglottic region and, therefore, potentially reduce the chance of aspiration and, subsequently, VAP.Trial RegistrationClinical Trials Registry – India, CTRI/2021/08/035429. Registered 5 August 2021. Registered Prospectively.
QSAR, Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulation Studies for the prediction of Camptothecin derivatives as anticancer agents
Authors: Saini Pradyumn , Kumar Mahesh , Sharma Deepak , Mittal Chirag , Narasimhan Balasubramanian
Published: July 2022

Camptothecin is a cytotoxic pyranoindolizinoquinoline alkaloid that selectively inhibits the nuclear enzyme topoisomerase I. In Present work, the 2D-QSAR, molecular docking and MD simulation studies of anticancer activity of Camptothecin derivative reported by Yang et al.,2019 has been reported. To develop the QSAR model, previously reported IC50 data of 46 CPT derivatives against Hep3B, MCF7, MDA-MB-231, and KB-vin cell lines was extracted. The models suggest that electronic and topological type descriptors are highly correlated with anticancer activity. Molecular docking of CPT derivatives against topoisomerase I revealed that compounds C40, C43, C41 and C32 have best docking score -9.13, -8.96, -8.90, and -8.53 kcal/mol respectively against topoisomerase I and showed binding affinity with residues namely LYS:532, ASN:722, DG:12, DA:113, DC:112, and DT:10. Further MD Simulation study indicated the stability of protein in topo I–C41 complex with an RMSD of 1.7 Å which makes C41 as a lead compound for the development of novel anticancer agent.
The decline of COVID-19 severity and lethality over two years of pandemic
Authors: Marziano Valentina , Guzzetta Giorgio , Menegale Francesco , Sacco Chiara , Petrone Daniele , Urdiales Alberto , Manso Martina del Manso del , Bella Antionino , Fabiani Massimo , Vescio Maria , Riccardo Flavia , Poletti Piero , Manica Mattia , Zardini Agnese , d'Andrea Valeria , Trentini Filippo , Stefanelli Paola , Rezza Giovanni , Palamara Anna Teresa , Brusaferro Silvio , Ajelli Marco , Pezzotti Patrizio , Merler Stefano
Published: July 2022

Undernotification of SARS-CoV-2 infections has been a major obstacle to the tracking of critical quantities such as infection attack rates and the probability of severe and lethal outcomes. We use a model of SARS-CoV-2 transmission and vaccination informed by epidemiological and genomic surveillance data to estimate the number of daily infections occurred in Italy in the first two years of pandemic. We estimate that the attack rate of ancestral lineages, Alpha, and Delta were in a similar range (10–17%, range of 95% CI: 7–23%), while that of Omicron until February 20, 2022, was remarkably higher (51%, 95%CI: 33–70%). The combined effect of vaccination, immunity from natural infection, change in variant features, and improved patient management massively reduced the probabilities of hospitalization, admission to intensive care, and death given infection, with 20 to 40-fold reductions during the period of dominance of Omicron compared to the initial acute phase.
Optimization of tool axis vector for mirror milling of thin-walled parts based on kinematic constraints
Authors: Qian Long , Zhang Liqiang , Gao Qiuge , Yang Jie
Published: July 2022

In the mirror milling of thin-walled parts, the machining path and the change of the tool axis vector will affect the surface quality of the workpiece and the machining efficiency. The machined surface was discretized into point cloud data, and the surface was fitted. Based on the constraints of mirror milling, the tool location points, and machining paths were generated first. Then the tool location points in the space were projected onto the parameter plane to fit the spline curve. What’s more, the position of the corresponding point on the fitting surface was obtained from the tool position point after fitting on the parameter plane and obtaining the tool axis vector. After obtaining the optimized tool position data, the tool axis vector was optimized based on kinematic constraints, precisely, the machine tool rotation axis needs to satisfy the constraints of the maximum angular velocity, maximum angular acceleration, and maximum angular jerk. Therefore, in the process of machining, due to the problems of angular velocity, angular acceleration, and angular jerk at certain tool positions exceeding the limit, feedrate for CNC machines was optimized first. Furthermore, the optimization target was established based on the minimum sum of the motion fluctuations of the rotary axis and the machining time. After that, the optimized machining path and tool axis vector were simulated and tested. Finally, the simulation and experimental results were determined through analysis, which proved the feasibility of the optimized model proposed in this paper. At the same time, the experimental measurement results also showed that the optimized machining path had been significantly improved in both quality and efficiency.