bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
‘They Don't Include Me and My Family in A Normal Picture…’ Perspectives of People With Schizophrenia on Family Stigma and its Effects on Their Lives
Authors: Şengün İnan Figen , Sarı Ayşe , Çetinkaya Duman Zekiye
Published: February 2025

Although combating stigma is a fundamental intervention area that should be addressed in comprehensive care, information on the effect of the family's experience of stigma on the lives of individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia is limited. This study was aimed at exploring the family's experience of stigma from the perspective of individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia and the effects of this experience on the patient's life. In this study, a descriptive qualitative approach was employed, and the participants were recruited from a university hospital in Türkiye. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 16 individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia. Data were analysed via content analysis. The data were categorised into five themes: (1) dimensions of the stigma experience, (2) causes of family stigma, (3) confronting the effects of stigma, (4) efforts to control stigma and (5) recommendations. Family stigma is a difficulty that is accompanied by distressing emotions and social losses and restricts the lives of both patients and their families. Society's stereotypes towards the patient and the family, aggression and psychotic symptoms have been associated with the family stigma. In order to control stigma, family members limit the patient's behaviours, which puts the patient under pressure. Nurses should question the family's experience of stigmatisation, the psychosocial consequences of this experience on the patient and family and strategies coping with stigma. They should help family members be aware of coping methods that negatively affect the patient and develop adaptive coping skills through psychoeducational interventions and should create stigma‐free social environments for both the patient and the family.
Registered nurses’ perspective of nurse practitioners: A mixed‐methods study
Authors: Miller Tatyana , Porat‐Dahlerbruch Joshua , Ratz Shoshana , Ellen Moriah E.
Published: February 2025

Aim

To understand what registered nurses (RNs) know about the nurse practitioner (NP) role, and factors affecting RN perspectives toward NPs.

Background/Introduction

One issue hindering the integration of NPs into healthcare systems is poor RN–NP relationships. This relationship has been understudied where the NP role has been recently introduced.

Methods

This study used an explanatory sequential design. A cross‐sectional survey was disseminated to RNs to identify knowledge and feelings regarding NPs and factors influencing their perspectives. Based on survey results, semistructured interviews were conducted and analyzed using thematic analysis. Quantitative and qualitative results were integrated to identify converging, diverging, and complementary results. This study adheres to the Checklist of Mixed‐Methods Elements in a Submission to Advance the Methodology of Mixed‐Methods Research.

Results

There were 277 survey respondents. The factors impacting perspectives toward NPs were age, exposure to NPs, years of experience, and level of education. Seven themes arose from the qualitative data: exposure to NPs, delineation of NP scope of practice, characterizations of NPs, acceptance of the role, advantages of NPs, cultural aspects, and effects of higher education. Quantitative and qualitative results converged in nearly all instances.

Discussion

To improve the RN–NP relationship, RNs must understand the NP role. RNs who have worked directly with NPs usually express the benefits of NP care for patients and care team members.

Conclusion

To promote the integration of NPs into care teams, it is important to expose RNs to the NP role through education or work experience.

Implications for nursing policy

Upstream approaches to improve the RN–NP relationship include educating students about the NP role, offering clinical rotations with NPs, and organizational messaging promoting the RN–NP collaboration.
Assessing patient safety culture in nursing practice in Kazakhstani healthcare institutions: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Aimoldina Kurolay , Nurgaliyeva Nassikhat , Derbissalina Gulmira , Vaismoradi Mojtaba
Published: February 2025

Aim

To assess the current patient safety culture in nursing practice within Kazakhstani healthcare institutions accredited by the Joint Commission International standards.

Background

Studies on patient safety culture in nursing are scarce in regions like Kazakhstan, with most research focused on developed countries, leaving Central Asia with limited context‐specific data.

Methods

A cross‐sectional study using the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture 2.0 collected data from 319 nurses, applying the Safety Culture Framework to assess and improve healthcare safety culture.

Results

The average score for ‘overall patient safety grade’ was 73.5, with most nurses rating their workplace as very good/excellent or good. Communication about error received the highest positive scores, while reporting patient safety events had the lowest. Teamwork and organizational learning‐continuous improvement were identified as key strengths. Nearly half of the respondents had not reported any patient safety incidents in the past 12 months.

Conclusions

Nurses in Kazakhstan have a positive attitude toward patient safety culture and confidence in workplace safety. However, there is a need for greater focus on non‐punitive responses to errors and staffing. The impact of accreditation on patient safety culture remains unclear, warranting further research.

Implications for nursing and health policy

Insights from this study can guide the development of patient safety protocols and training programmes. Addressing gaps will help stakeholders strengthen patient safety culture, ultimately improving patient care quality and healthcare outcomes.
Survival of the Fittest Through Digital Transformation: Turning the Board's Digital Awareness to Action
Authors: Adelakun Olayele , Bui Quang Neo , Turel Ofir , Anderberg Gary
Published: February 2025

Digital transformation (DT) is a complex, lengthy and risky process that can disrupt habituated operations. Thus, the board of directors can and should play a crucial role in strategically steering DT initiatives. However, interviews (n = 21) with and survey responses (n = 19) from board members and IT leaders of large enterprises revealed that boards often lack digital awareness, which makes them insufficiently equipped to understand the risks and opportunities presented by new digital technologies (e.g., AI). We identified four ways in which the digital awareness deficit manifested in practice, as well as specific impacts of such deficits on the DT process. Our data also revealed several practices that can be used for increasing the digital awareness of board members and translating this awareness into board DT actions.
Cephalopod Distribution in the Canary Current: Latitudinal and Bathymetric Patterns
Authors: Luna Amanda , Rocha Francisco
Published: February 2025

Aim

The Canary Current Large Marine Ecosystem (CCLME) is one of the four major marine upwelling systems worldwide. Cephalopods in this region exhibit high diversity and abundance, but the distributional patterns of most species are largely unknown. The present study updated the latitudinal and bathymetric distributions cephalopods species in the CCLME.

Location

Northwest Atlantic coast of Africa.

Taxon

Ninety species of Cephalopoda.

Methods

We use data from specimens collected in 10 bottom trawl surveys (2004–2012) along the coast, developed in the continental shelf and slope (20–2000 m). Only data from specimens identified to species level were considered. For bathymetric analysis data and literature widest depth range for each species were used. If our data fall outside of literature range, the depth range of the species was extended. A presence/absence matrix of species was determined to study their latitudinal distribution. In addition, species were also categorised as coastal or oceanic based on their relationship with the continental shelf and/or slope, regardless of their benthic or pelagic habits.

Results

The continental shelf is dominated by species from the Sepiidae, Loliginidae and Octopodidae. In contrast, species from the Octopodidae and Cranchiidae are predominant in slope waters. The dominant species on both the shelf and slope belonged to the families Octopodidae, Ommastrephidae and Sepiolidae. The bathymetric distribution of 13 cephalopod species was extended. The latitudinal distribution of Eledone cirrhosa, Ommastrephes cylindraceus, Ommastrephes caroli and Onykia robsoni, was extended. Clear differences in species composition were found between northern and southern of Cape Blanc.

Main Conclusions

This work provides a complete analysis of the latitudinal and bathymetric distributions of Cephalopoda species currently recorded in the CCLME, with special attention given to the differences in Cephalopoda composition between northern and southern Cape Blanc in Mauritania. No similar studies on cephalopods exist in the full area.
A multiple‐behaviors virtual fish model for simulating fish trajectory in vertical slot fishways
Authors: Chen Xiaolong , Shi Xiaotao , Deng Xingyong , Rasta Majid , Tan Junjun , Wang Yu , Jiang Yongqiang , Bai Yanqin
Published: February 2025

Fishways are essential for restoring river connectivity and facilitating fish migration, necessitating ongoing research for efficiency optimization. This study developed a fish behavior model to optimize fishway efficiency cost‐effectively. The model simulates swimming trajectories of Schizothorax wangchiachii within a vertical slot fishway incorporating upstream behavior, random behavior, obstacle avoidance, and swimming speed variations. The simulated trajectory exhibits a high consistency with 20 real trajectories, achieving a trajectory overlap rate of 86.7%. This result highlights the model's ability to accurately simulate fish movements, demonstrating its significant potential to revolutionize fishway design.
Distinguishing Between Recovery and Transformation: A Systematic Review of Purchasing and Consumption During Crises
Authors: Survilaite Eimante , Auruskeviciene Vilte , Židonis Žilvinas , Misiunas Dalius , Sidlauskiene Justina , Maciulis Nerijus
Published: February 2025

Global crises significantly disrupt established consumption patterns, requiring consumers to adapt their behaviors and routines in response to market system changes. Despite the critical importance of understanding consumer resilience during such disruptions, academic research remains fragmented. Through a systematic review of 126 articles, this study develops a novel conceptualization of consumer resilience encompassing two distinct pathways: recovery‐oriented adaptation, where consumers strive to restore pre‐crisis consumption patterns, and transformation‐oriented adaptation, involving fundamental shifts in consumption structures and practices. By distinguishing between recovery and transformation pathways, this framework advances the theoretical understanding of consumer resilience beyond simple successful versus unsuccessful adaptation. The study concludes with an integrated research agenda addressing theoretical, methodological, and contextual priorities for advancing scholarly understanding of consumer resilience.
Do Different High‐Intensity‐Focused Ultrasound Frequencies Have Different Effects? A Histological Analysis Correlated With Patients' Subjective Assessments
Authors: Hwang Yousun , Wan Jovian , Yi Kyu‐Ho
Published: February 2025

Background

High‐intensity‐focused ultrasound (HIFU) has emerged as a noninvasive approach for facial rejuvenation, offering benefits such as collagen synthesis and subcutaneous fat reduction. However, the differential effects of varying HIFU frequencies on specific skin layers remain underexplored.

Aims

To evaluate the histological effects of different HIFU frequencies and correlate these findings with patient‐reported outcomes, thereby optimizing clinical applications.

Patients/Methods

Histological analysis was performed on pig skin treated with HIFU at specific depths (2.0, 3.0, 4.5, and 6.0 mm) using the Ultraformer MPT device. Collagen types I and III, elastin fibers, and fat reduction were assessed using immunohistochemistry, Victoria blue staining, and Oil Red O staining. Additionally, 50 Asian female participants aged 30–60 years with skin laxity underwent HIFU treatment. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using standardized photographs, the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS), and a modified Rosenberg Self‐Esteem Scale.

Results

Histological analysis revealed increased collagen and elastin fiber synthesis and significant fat reduction post‐HIFU. Clinical outcomes corroborated these findings, with 85.3% of participants reporting overall satisfaction and 70.6% noting improvements in facial contouring. Self‐esteem assessments indicated a positive psychological impact, with 64.7% of participants expressing enhanced confidence.

Conclusions

HIFU treatment at varying frequencies induces significant histological and clinical improvements, demonstrating its efficacy for skin rejuvenation. This study underscores HIFU's dual role in enhancing physical appearance and psychological well‐being, supporting its integration into patient‐centric aesthetic care.
Effectiveness of Psychosocial Interventions for Parents of Children With Cancer Receiving Active Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Ong Yi Qing Germaine , Li Juejin , Tan Jia Yu Amelia , He Hong‐Gu
Published: February 2025

Aims and Objectives

To synthesise the effects of psychosocial interventions compared with standard care in improving psychosocial outcomes of parents of children with cancer receiving active treatment.

Design

This was a systematic review and meta‐analysis that was conducted and reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) statement.

Methods

All randomised controlled trials examining the effects of psychosocial interventions for parents of children with cancer were considered eligible. All identified articles were imported into Endnote X9. Two independent authors conducted study selection and data extraction. Risk‐of‐Bias version 2 and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach were used to evaluate the methodological quality and overall quality of the evidence, respectively. Review Manager 5.4.1 software was used for data analysis, and sensitivity and subgroup analyses were conducted to examine heterogeneity, if applicable.

Data Sources

Seven databases, including PubMed, Embase, Scopus, PsycINFO, CENTRAL, CINAHL and ProQuest, were searched up to 6 December 2023.

Results

Sixteen studies involving 1379 participants were included in the systematic review, with 12 studies pooled for meta‐analysis. Psychosocial intervention was effective in anxiety symptoms and depressive symptoms among parents of children with cancer. No significant differences were observed in parental stress and quality of life between psychosocial intervention and control groups.

Conclusion

This study showed that psychosocial intervention was beneficial for decreasing anxiety symptoms and depressive symptoms of parents of children with cancer. Future trials with a more robust methodology are needed to augment current findings.

Relevance to Clinical Practice

As our systematic review showed that psychosocial interventions were effective in decreasing anxiety symptoms and depressive symptoms among parents of children with cancer, healthcare professionals could consider integrating psychosocial support for these parents.

Patient or Public Contribution

This systematic review had no patient or public contribution.

Trial and Protocol Registration

This review was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42022384452) on 29 December 2022. (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=384452).
Splitting the penalty by taking turns? Same‐sex mothers' earnings losses in Norway
Authors: Moberg Ylva , van der Vleuten Maaike
Published: February 2025

Objective

This study describes the childbearing trajectories and earnings of mothers in female same‐sex couples (FSSC) in Norway and, through comparisons with mothers in different‐sex couples (DSC), explores three factors behind mothers' earnings losses.

Background

Mothers in FSSC experience smaller earnings penalties following parenthood than mothers in DSC. We investigate three potential reasons for this: the number of pregnancies/births the mother goes through, number of children in the family, and the partner's sex.

Method

The study utilized Norwegian register data, 1999–2021, including 1050 women in FSSC and 168,649 in DSC. An event study was used to estimate labor earnings changes after a first and second child, separately for mothers in DSC and FSSC, and for partners in FSSC who gave birth once, twice, or never, isolating the impact of each factor.

Results

Childbirth/pregnancy was the most important factor. Birth mothers experienced large earnings losses after each pregnancy, with no differences between FSSC and DSC. Likely due to strict regulations, high costs, and low availability of fertility treatments, FSSC had fewer children and (only) 50% switched birth parent for a second child.

Conclusion

(Birth) mothers' larger earnings losses stem primarily from time away from the labor market in connection with each pregnancy/birth. Mothers in FSSC on average go through fewer pregnancies, possibly explaining their overall smaller earnings penalties in the first 5 years of parenthood.
Weather‐Associated Variations of Device‐Detected Severe Sleep Apnea in Cardiac Pacemaker Patients
Authors: Bilgeri Valentin , Spitaler Philipp , Rockenschaub Patrick , Lehner Fabian , Pfeifer Bernhard Erich , Willeit Peter , Barbieri Fabian , Stefani Ambra , Högl Birgit , Formayer Herbert , Bauer Axel , Dichtl Wolfgang
Published: February 2025

Using continuous thoracic impedance measurements, sleep apnea can be long‐time monitored via an electronic device sensor. In the ACaSA trial, 233 patients implanted with a cardiac pacemaker (MicroPort CRM, Clamart, France) were prospectively observed between March 2022 and July 2024. For each night of follow‐up, the burden of device‐detected sleep apnea (DDSA) was measured via transthoracic impedance, defined by a respiratory disturbance index (RDI) ≥ 20 events per sleeping hour. Local meteorological data including maximum ambient diurnal temperature, humidity, precipitation and air pressure change were extracted from the national weather system and linked to the individual patient's place of residence. The association between these weather conditions and RDI in the following night was estimated using a generalised linear mixed effects model. Overall, 74,031 patient‐nights of 210 individuals (median age 75.7 years [IQR 69.9–81.3], 77 [36.7%] female) with a median follow up of 593 nights (IQR 348–755) were analysed. In a multivariate regression analysis, ambient maximum diurnal temperature was independently associated with presence of DDSA. Following days with a maximum of 30°C, the odds of experiencing severe DDSA increased by 1.34 (95% CI: 1.17–1.54, p < 0.001) compared to days with only 10°C. Higher relative humidity increased the odds for suffering from severe DDSA as well (OR 1.19 [1.07–1.33] in 90% relative humidity vs. 65% humidity; p = 0.007). These associations of ambient maximum diurnal temperature and relative humidity with severe DDSA the following night need further investigations, in particular in view of upcoming global climate changes.
Refining the Understanding of Autoimmune Liver Disease Mortality
Authors: Zhu Lingyun , Hua Xingshi , Zhan Libin
Published: February 2025

The comprehensive population‐based cohort study of autoimmune liver disease (AILD) mortality by Lasyte et al. provides valuable epidemiological insights. Several methodological perspectives merit consideration, including public database limitations, temporal mortality trends and the role of chronic kidney disease as an unmeasured covariate in mortality risk assessment. These methodological elements further enhance the interpretation of this robust AILD mortality analysis.
Distributional Effects of Monetary Policy in the Short Run—Evidence From Norway
Authors: Mimir Yasin , Mæhlum Mathis , Torstensen Kjersti‐Næss
Published: February 2025

We investigate the short‐run distributional effects of both non‐systematic and systematic monetary policy on income and wealth inequality using a rich administrative household dataset covering more than two million households in Norway from 1993 to 2015. To this end, we first employ a medium‐scale New Keynesian DSGE model of a small open economy estimated based on Norwegian data to obtain the aggregate effects of non‐systematic and systematic monetary policy on key macro‐financial variables relevant for quantifying the channels through which monetary policy affects the distribution of income and wealth. We then use household‐level microdata to simulate the heterogeneous impact of monetary policy by income and wealth percentiles as well as demographic variables. Our results show that an expansionary monetary policy shock disproportionately benefits the young and households with medium to low income and wealth. These households tend to be highly leveraged homeowners who benefit disproportionately from higher house prices, lower interest costs on debt and a stronger labour market. We find that expansionary monetary policy reduces both income and wealth inequality in the short run and that the systematic conduct of monetary policy in Norway dampens the distributional impact of business cycles on households.
Cosmeceuticals in the Pediatric Population Part II: Ethical Dilemmas and Patient Talking Points
Authors: Goff Gabrielle Keller , Stein Sarah L.
Published: February 2025

The rise in the use of cosmeceutical products amongst the pediatric population raises several ethical dilemmas, as well as new situations and questions that dermatologists must navigate with patients. Ethical concerns discussed in this review include the marketing of cosmeceutical products directly to children, the influence of social media and trends related to skincare, the use of anti‐aging ingredients by children (who have not yet manifested any aging signs), and the misuse of cosmeceutical products to lighten one's complexion in childhood. We also discuss several related patient talking points for dermatologists to employ with young patients interested in cosmeceutical products.
Characterisation of the Novel HLA‐A*03:01:130 Allele by Sequencing‐Based Typing
Authors: Cargou Marine , Elsermans Vincent , Top Isabelle , Wojchiechowski Elodie , Visentin Jonathan
Published: February 2025

HLA‐A*03:01:130 differs from HLA‐A*03:01:01:01 by one nucleotide substitution in codon 266 in exon 4.
The experience of the Turkish Red Crescent blood banks in the 2023 Türkiye earthquake
Authors: Karaca Aziz , Sağdur Levent , Günçıkan Mustafa Nuri , Yılmaz Mustafa , Sözmen Nazlı , Kınık Kerem , Yılmaz Fatma Meriç
Published: February 2025

Aim

This cross‐sectional study aimed to determine the impact of a severe earthquake on blood donation as per blood safety and donation behaviour.

Materials and Methods

This retrospective cross‐sectional study included a total of 263 779 whole‐blood donors at the Turkish Red Crescent during two periods: before (25 January 2023 – 5 February 2023) and after (6 February 2023 – 17 February 2023) the earthquake that occurred on 6 February 2023. Demographic data describing the donors, donor types, the number of blood donations by province, blood donations by blood groups, hospital demand, and transfusion transmissible infection (TTI) rates according to donor type were evaluated.

Results

There was a 129% increase in blood donations after the earthquake. his increase was significant among female donors, younger age groups, and first‐time donors. However, a significant increase in TTI rates was not detected in either first time donors or repeat donors.

Conclusion

Our study focuses on blood banking activities of the Turkish Red Crescent during the 2023 Türkiye earthquake. While previous disasters have shown excess blood collection, we emphasise the need for a balanced approach to avoid wastage and shortages. Our study emphasises the importance of efficient blood utilisation and the necessity of regular, voluntary blood donations to ensure a stable supply, especially for high‐demand blood groups like O Rh (−).
Investor Sentiment: How It Drives Stock Returns
Authors: Su Huanhao
Published: February 2025

As investors become more involved in financial markets, the “rational person” assumption of traditional finance theory is facing challenges. And the rise of behavioral finance has made investor sentiment the central topic of research. This article seeks to explore how investor sentiment influences stock returns and systematically examine this issue from three different perspectives: firstly, analyze the multidimensional factors that affect investor sentiment, including individual level, stock level, and environmental level; secondly, we will analyze investor sentiment’s impacts on stock returns, including positive and negative effects, short-term and long-term effects, the impact of different market environments and stocks; finally, various methods for measuring investor sentiment are summarized, including directly or indirectly related index indicators, composite index indicators, and media or text data index indicators. Building on the summarized research conclusions, this article highlights directions for future research. The objective is to conduct an in-depth analysis of the long-term impact mechanisms of investor sentiment and to investigate effective methods for utilizing sentiment indicators to enhance the accuracy of market forecasting.
Net Reverse Transfers from Latin America and The Caribbean: A Critical Note
Authors: Ramirez Miguel D.
Published: February 2025

This paper investigates whether the surge in private capital inflows Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) has experienced in recent decades has also been accompanied by a significant outflow of profits and interest payments to foreign companies and their respective governments. It documents that there has been a massive reverse transfer of resources from the region to the developed countries of the world, particularly during the 2015-2023 period. The amounts transferred are not only large in absolute terms, but also relative to regional gross domestic product (GDP) and gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) for several countries of the region, including Chile and Mexico. This represents foregone opportunities for domestic investment in physical and human capital and may further undermine the already strained capacity of the region to generate future income and employment opportunities for its growing population. It is beyond the scope of this short paper to address the important question of whether the financial and technological (managerial) knowhow foreign capital ostensibly brings to the region is enough to offset the negative effects emanating from the unprecedented reverse transfer of resources in recent decades. The paper is organized as follows. The first section focuses on the surge in Net Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) during the 1990-2022 period. This is followed by a discussion of the unprecedented reverse transfers the region experienced during the period, particularly 2015-2023. The third section presents results for a labor productivity growth (error correction) equation for Mexico during the 1970-2020 period and the estimates suggest that, once remittances of profits are deducted, the impact of the growth rate in the net foreign capital stock per worker on labor productivity growth is diminished significantly, ceteris paribus.  The last section is the conclusion.
Escuelas monolingües en comunidades multilingües: desplazamiento lingüístico e injusticia(s) en el Vaupés
Authors: Palacio-Hernández Ricardo , Bolaños Katherine
Published: February 2025

La región del Vaupés se destaca por su diversidad lingü.stica, con unas 25 lenguas pertenecientes a cuatro familias lingü.sticas diferenciadas. Esta región atraviesa un proceso acelerado de pérdida de varias lenguas minorizadas. Existe un vacío teórico sobre las prácticas comunicativas de los hablantes multilingües y del desplazamiento lingü.stico ligado, entre otros, a la educación que ha privilegiado la reproducción de los conocimientos hegemónicos y una orientación monolingüe (en español) en las escuelas, en detrimento de las lenguas y culturas indígenas. Este artículo tiene como propósito contribuir al estudio de las dinámicas de interacción lingü.stica, así como a la discusión y reflexión sobre propuestas de enseñanza inclusivas y sensibles a la diversidad de lenguas, culturas y sistemas de pensamiento de estos grupos. Los datos y las reflexiones que presentamos se derivan de una investigación que combina la metodología de documentación lingüística y un enfoque etnográfico titulada Retos de la educación intercultural y la enseñanza de lenguas indígenas en contextos multilingües. Una mirada a las dinámicas de uso, pérdida y a las valoraciones de la lengua de origen (2022-2024). Se encontró que la escuela en el Vaupés ha contribuido a la hispanización lingü.stica y cultural de estos grupos. Además, el desconocimiento de los repertorios lingü.sticos de sus hablantes promueve procesos de desigualdad e injusticia social y epistémica.
Justicia curricular y desigualdades educativas en escenarios emergentes de aprendizaje
Authors: Marín-Che Armando Josué , Pinto-Sosa Jesús Enrique
Published: February 2025

El objetivo de este artículo fue analizar, desde la perspectiva de la justicia curricular, las prácticas educativas y discursivas, así como las dificultades enfrentadas durante la enseñanza remota, por cuatro estudiantes y cuatro docentes de telesecundaria de una comunidad marginada al sur de Yucatán, México. El estudio se realizó con un enfoque cualitativo bajo el diseño de estudio de caso, que incluyó entrevistas a profundidad, observaciones y análisis de contenido de los materiales y de las sugerencias didácticas propuestas por las autoridades. Los resultados demuestran el compromiso de los docentes para contactar al estudiantado por diversas vías, así como de cuidar la salud mental y física de estos para continuar el proceso educativo. No obstante, se evidencia que las iniciativas oficiales tendieron a centrarse exclusivamente en la digitalización de la información sin una adecuación pertinente a la situación emergente, vulnerando los principios fundamentales de la justica educativa como la asequibilidad, la accesibilidad, la adaptabilidad y la aceptabilidad, y evidenciando que existe una brecha entre la política y la realidad social. Se concluye la prevalencia de un proyecto curricular hegemónico que brinda los mecanismos de producción de conocimiento que sostienen la colonialidad y amplía las desigualades educativas y sociales existentes.
Educación superior: aspectos afectivos en la enseñanza de administración de empresas
Authors: Villalobos-Martínez Lorena , Mosquera-Suárez Carlos Javier
Published: February 2025

En la educación superior, las investigaciones sobre aspectos afectivos en didáctica, específicamente en la enseñanza de administración de empresas, son pocas. En contraste, se encuentra que estos aspectos han sido estudiados con mayor énfasis por la psicología, la neurociencia y la pedagogía, resaltando una brecha en la focalización de la aplicación de este tema en la enseñanza de contenidos académicos. A pesar de conocerse investigaciones interesadas por esta temática, actualmente la transferencia desde dichas disciplinas a los contenidos académicos continúa siendo insuficiente en la educación superior. La metodología cualitativa empleó el estudio de caso intrínseco, la información obtenida de los instrumentos aplicados y el análisis de los indicadores evaluados en las tres fases de la investigación, buscó identificar los cambios didácticos en los profesores de administración de empresas a nivel universitario, en relación con sus concepciones y prácticas de aula al incorporar aspectos afectivos en su labor docente. Los resultados destacan mejoramiento en la enseñanza de la asignatura de Microeconomía, mediante la integración de los aspectos afectivos-cognitivos en el proceso educativo, específicamente en lo relacionado con las creencias, las actitudes y las emociones, el reconocimiento de su importancia y su implementación por parte del docente en su función de enseñanza.
Falla intestinal en pediatría
Authors: Plata García Clara Eugenia , Ortegón Ochoa Sofia
Published: February 2025

La falla intestinal (FI) es una enfermedad infrecuente, pero con múltiples etiologías algunas comunes. En los últimos años la supervivencia ha aumentado en los pacientes afectados. El manejo adecuado y oportuno de esta condición, influye drásticamente en el pronóstico, desenlaces, sobrevida y calidad de vida.
Behavior of bipolar pulsed high-power impulse magnetron sputtering plasma studied using Langmuir probe
Authors: Chau Kam-Hong , Kawai Yoshinobu , Syu Jia-Lin , Chen Ying-Hung , Kan Chi-Wai , He Ju-Liang
Published: February 2025

Bipolar pulsed high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS), incorporating a positive voltage reversal, was utilized for copper deposition. This research employed a custom-made Langmuir probe to measure plasma parameters. This custom-made probe can study the high-energy region of electron energy distribution function, where the temporal profiles of the probe current and floating potential were directly measured with a digital oscilloscope. Thus, the temporal evolution of ion saturation current, plasma densities, and plasma potential were determined. The results reveal that the positive voltage phase maintains high plasma density and stability. This study demonstrates that the positive reverse voltage can manipulate the plasma potential. An increase in plasma potential enhances ion kinetic energy, potentially improving film deposition quality through controlled ion bombardment. The findings suggest that bipolar pulsed HiPIMS can effectively control plasma characteristics, influencing film deposition properties. Apart from changes in potentials, the plasma properties of bipolar pulsed HiPIMS were found to be similar to those of unipolar HiPIMS.
Enhancing the nucleation in atomic layer deposition: A study on vanadium sulfide and oxide layers
Authors: Baji Zsofia , Fogarassy Zsolt , Hakkel Orsolya , Szabó Zoltán
Published: February 2025

The nucleation and growth of atomic layer deposited (ALD) vanadium oxide and sulfide layers were examined on the surface of sapphire and silicon. The growth of vanadium oxide was layer by layer on sapphire, but islandlike on silicon. The stable growth rates could be derived from the steric hindrance of the precursor molecules. The nucleation of vanadium sulfide was always islandlike. The merging of the islands, and, thus, continuous film growth, could be achieved by enhancing the surface active sites by chemical pretreatments, as well as by starting the ALD growth by longer cycles. With the combination of these approaches, ultrathin continuous VO2 and VS layers could be grown. The nucleation was also modeled mathematically, and the unknown starting boundary conditions could be derived from the model fitting.
Color-coding strategies for multiple representations
Authors: Dillon Thomas Brianna S.
Published: February 2025

This paper shows that color-coding strategies can be used to support multiple representations of physics concepts in instructional materials. They are straightforward to implement and can be adapted to instruction at a variety of levels.
Age Enhances the Effect of Flexibility on Running Economy in Recreational Endurance Runners
Authors: Wasserman Marni G. , Melvin Amanda C. , Stump Olivia E. , Reed Samuel I. , Outwin Jacob R. , Chang Joshua , Davis Fiddy , Lepley Adam S. , Kozloff Kenneth M. , DeJong Lempke Alexandra F.
Published: February 2025

The primary aims of this study were to determine acute and longitudinal relationships between static flexibility measures and running economy (RE). Seventy-one healthy recreational runners (34 males/37 females, age: 36.4 [12.4] y, body mass index: 23.3 [3.1] kg/m2) completed an aerobic fitness assessment (VO2max) based on self-selected half-marathon race pace (RP) and flexibility testing (standing toe-touch test and weight-bearing lunge test) at baseline and 2 to 3 weeks prior to an endurance running or multisport race (70 [21] d apart). Participants resumed self-selected training and physical activity between laboratory visits. Hierarchical linear regressions were used to assess relationships between flexibility and RE across timepoints, and pre–post changes in flexibility and RE. Interactions between age and flexibility, and experience and flexibility were also investigated. No significant differences (P > .05) were found between flexibility measurements and RE at RP from visit 1 to visit 2, nor were there any significant associations between RE at RP and scores on the weight-bearing lunge test or standing toe-touch test. However, there was a significant interaction between age and the weight-bearing lunge test on RE at RP (ß = −0.0270, P = .018) such that older runners with less flexibility and younger runners with greater flexibility were less economical at RP at baseline. Our findings suggest that reduced flexibility may decrease the energetic cost of running for older runners to a greater extent than it does for younger runners. When prescribing run training intensity and mileage, coaches and clinicians working with masters runners should be cognizant of the potential performance benefits of decreased ankle joint flexibility as well as the overall greater risk of calf injury in this population. Future research should consider the underlying mechanism by which age enhances the beneficial effects of decreased flexibility on RE.
Motivational Climate in Physical Education: How Anxiety and Pleasure Modulate Concentration and Distraction
Authors: Simon Luc , Mastagli Maxime , Girard Stéphanie , Bolmont Benoît , Hainaut Jean-Philippe
Published: February 2025

Purpose: This study examined the relationship between the motivational climate (empowering or disempowering) and pupils’ concentration and distraction in physical education, mediated by basic psychological needs (BPN) satisfaction/frustration, pleasure, and anxiety. Method: In total, 379 French high school pupils (Mage = 15.63; SDage = 0.87) completed a questionnaire regarding the study variables. This study used a structural equation modeling to examine the hypothesized relationships. Results: The motivational climate was found to be related to concentration/distraction. BPN satisfaction/frustration was related to concentration and distraction. This relation was mediated by anxiety and pleasure (empowering climate à BPN satisfaction à pleasure à concentration; disempowering climate à BPN frustration à anxiety à distraction). The model indicates a good fit: comparative-fit index = .93; Tucker–Lewis index = .91; root mean square error of approximation = .071. Discussion/Conclusion: By creating an empowering motivational climate and ensuring that pupils’ competence needs are satisfied or frustrated, teachers can improve pupils’ concentration which is key component of learning.
Magnetic modulation of keyhole instability during laser welding and additive manufacturing
Authors: Fan Xianqiang , Fleming Tristan G. , Clark Samuel J. , Fezzaa Kamel , Getley Anna C. M. , Marussi Sebastian , Wang Hongze , Leung Chu Lun Alex , Kao Andrew , Lee Peter D.
Published: February 2025

Keyhole instability during laser welding and laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) can cause keyhole collapse and pore formation. Using high-speed x-ray imaging, we demonstrate that the flow vortex–induced protrusion on the rear keyhole wall is crucial in initiating keyhole instability. Applying a transverse magnetic field suppresses the keyhole instability by driving a secondary thermoelectric magnetohydrodynamics (TEMHD) flow that alters the net flow vortex. This minimizes protrusions and large-amplitude keyhole oscillations. The suppression effectiveness depends on the laser scanning direction relative to the magnetic field orientation because this controls the Seebeck effect–induced Lorentz force’s direction. We show that at LPBF length scales, electromagnetic damping is weak, and for alloys with a large Seebeck coefficient, TEMHD becomes the dominant mechanism controlling flow behind the keyhole.
Evaluating animal consciousness
Authors: Andrews Kristin , Birch Jonathan , Sebo Jeff
Published: February 2025

An emerging field shows how animal feelings can be studied scientifically
Base-modified nucleotides mediate immune signaling in bacteria
Authors: Zeng Zhifeng , Hu Zeyu , Zhao Ruiliang , Rao Jikai , Mestre Mario Rodríguez , Liu Yanqiu , Liu Shunhang , Feng Hao , Chen Yu , He Huan , Chen Nuo , Zheng Jinshui , Peng Donghai , Luo Min , She Qunxin , Pinilla-Redondo Rafael , Han Wenyuan
Published: February 2025

Signaling from pathogen sensing to effector activation is a fundamental principle of cellular immunity. While cyclic (oligo)nucleotides have emerged as key signaling molecules, the existence of other messengers remains largely unexplored. Here, we reveal a bacterial anti-phage system that mediates immune signaling through nucleobase modification. Immunity is triggered by phage nucleotide kinases, which, combined with the system-encoded adenosine deaminase, produce deoxyinosine 5′-triphosphate (dITP) as immune messengers. The dITP signal activates downstream effector to mediate cellular NAD
+
depletion, resulting in population-level defense through the death of infected cells. To counteract immune signaling, phages deploy specialized enzymes that deplete cellular dAMP, the precursor of dITP messengers. Our findings uncover a nucleobase modification-based anti-phage signaling pathway, establishing noncanonical nucleotides as a new type of immune messengers in bacteria.
Nickel promotes selective ethylene epoxidation on silver
Authors: Jalil Anika , Happel Elizabeth E. , Cramer Laura , Hunt Adrian , Hoffman Adam S. , Waluyo Iradwikanari , Montemore Matthew M. , Christopher Phillip , Sykes E. Charles H.
Published: February 2025

Over the last 80 years, chlorine (Cl) has been the primary promoter of the ethylene epoxidation reaction valued at ~40 billion USD per year, providing a ~25% selectivity increase over unpromoted silver (Ag) (~55%). Promoters such as cesium, rhenium, and molybdenum each add a few percent of selectivity enhancements to achieve 90% overall, but their codependence on Cl makes optimizing and understanding their function complex. We took a theory-guided, single-atom alloy approach to identify nickel (Ni) as a dopant in Ag that can facilitate selective oxidation by activating molecular oxygen (O
2
) without binding oxygen (O) too strongly. Surface science experiments confirmed the facile adsorption/desorption of O
2
on NiAg, as well as demonstrating that Ni serves to stabilize unselective nucleophilic oxygen. Supported Ag catalyst studies revealed that the addition of Ni in a 1:200 Ni to Ag atomic ratio provides a ~25% selectivity increase without the need for Cl co-flow and acts cooperatively with Cl, resulting in a further 10% initial increase in selectivity.
The perils of labor
Hard Graft: Work, Health and Rights
Cindy Sissokho, curator
Wellcome Collection, London, UK; through 27 April 2025.
Authors: Gainty Caitjan
Published: February 2025

A new exhibition probes the health consequences of work
Cutting AI down to size
Authors: Ravindran Sandeep
Published: February 2025

Many artificial intelligence models are power hungry and expensive. Researchers in the Global South are increasingly embracing low-cost, low-power alternatives
In Science Journals
Authors: Lavine Marc S. , Funk Michael A. , Yeston Jake S. , Maroso Mattia , Wong Wei , Smith Jesse , Isles Hannah M. , Jiang Di , Norton Melissa L. , Ash Caroline , Ross Sarah H. , Grocholski Brent , Szuromi Phil
Published: February 2025

Highlights from the
Science
family of journals
Researchers seek lessons from animals’ growing pains
Authors: Gibbons Ann
Published: February 2025

Studies reveal common patterns of adolescence in chimps, elephants, and dolphins
Crop research hit by U.S. foreign aid freezes
Authors: Charles Dan , Stokstad Erik
Published: February 2025

A court ruling may temporarily ease funding problems, but long-term outlook is uncertain
Legal residency status and its relationship with health indicators among Syrian refugees in Lebanon: a nested cross-sectional study
Authors: Ragi Marie-Elizabeth , Ghattas Hala , Abi Zeid Berthe , Shamas Hazar , El Salibi Noura Joseph , Abdulrahim Sawsan , DeJong Jocelyn , McCall Stephen J , CAEP study group The
Published: February 2025

Background

Failure to possess or renew legal residency permits increases the burden on a vulnerable refugee population. It risks detention or deportation, and hinders access to basic services including healthcare. This study aimed to examine the association between legal residency status and health of Syrian refugees living in Lebanon.

Methods

Data were from two independent nested cross-sectional studies collected in 2022 through telephone surveys. In the first study, all Syrian refugees aged 50 years or older from households that received humanitarian assistance were invited to participate. The second included all adult Syrian refugees residing in a suburb of Beirut. The exposure was self-reported possession of a legal residency permit in Lebanon. The self-reported health outcomes were mental health status, COVID-19 vaccine uptake, and access to needed healthcare services. Separate logistic regression models examined the association between lacking a legal residency permit and each health outcome, adjusted for age, length of stay in Lebanon, education, employment, wealth index and receipt of assistance.

Results

The first sample included 3357 participants (median age 58 years (IQR: 54–64), 47% female), of whom 85% reported lacking a legal residency permit. The second sample included 730 participants (median age 34 years (IQR: 26–42), 49% female), of whom 79% lacked a legal residency permit. In both studies, lacking a legal residency permit increased the odds of having poor mental health (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.46 (95% CI: 1.07 to 1.99); aOR: 1.62 (95% CI: 1.01 to 2.60)) and decreased the odds of COVID-19 vaccine uptake (aOR: 0.66 (95% CI: 0.54 to 0.80); aOR: 0.51 (95% CI: 0.32 to 0.81)). In the subsample who needed primary healthcare, lacking a legal residency permit decreased the odds of access to primary healthcare, which was statistically significant in the second study (aOR: 0.37 (95% CI: 0.17 to 0.84)).

Conclusions

The majority of Syrian refugees from these two samples reported lacking a legal residency permit in Lebanon. This was associated with poor mental health and lower uptake of COVID-19 vaccination, potentially originating from fear of detention or deportation. These findings call for urgent action to support access to legal documentation for refugees in Lebanon.