bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
التوجه الذهني ودوره في تعزيز السلوكات الإيجابية
Authors: الزعبوط سُميّة
Published: January 2021

هدف البحث إلى رصد دور التوجه الذهني في تعزيز السلوكات الإيجابية عن طريق تعرف جوانب القوة والضعف والكشف عن الفرص والتهديدات المحتملة لدور التوجه الذهني في تعزيز السلوكات الإيجابية, ولتحقيق أهداف البحث اعتمدت الباحثة المنهج الوصفي وأسلوب سوات(SWOT), وتكونت العينة من(78) مبحوثًا ومبحوثة من حملة الشهادات العليا. وأظهرت أبرز النتائج حيازة دور التوجه الذهني في تعزيز السلوكات الإيجابية على المستوى المتوسط بنسبة (75.50%), وأشارت إلى وجود جوانب قوة , وفرص محتملة لدور التوجه الذهني في تعزيز السلوكات الإيجابية. وفي ضوء النتائج أوصت الباحثة أن يركز المربون على اختبار الطلبة بناءً على توجهاتهم الذهنية بدلاً من التركيز بناءً على مستوى ذكائهم وكفاءاتهم.
تقييم اللقاح المحضر من عزلات محليه تابعه لبكتريا Pseudomonas في بعض معايير النمو لنبات الطماطم في تربة جبسية
Authors: الكرطاني عبد الكريم , الونداوي هديل
Published: January 2021

بهدف تقليل استخدام المنتجات الكيمياوية والاتجاه نحو استخدام اللقاحات الحيوية والطبيعية اجريت تجربة في الاصص البلاستكية لدراسة تأثير اربع عزلات عائدة لبكتريا Pseudomonas وهي P.fluorescens و P. putidaو P.aeruginosa و P.cepacia كفؤة في اذابة الفوسفات وانتاج اندول حامض الخليك (IAA ) والمركبات الخالبة للحديد في بعض معايير النمو لنبات الطماطم في ترب جبسية ، اظهرت النتائج بأن التلقيح بالعزلات البكتيرية أدى الى زيادة معنوية في نسبة اليخضور وارتفاع النبات؛ والوزن الجاف للجزء الخضري والجذري وتركيز النتروجين والفسفور والبوتاسيوم % في الجزء الخضري ، وتفوقت معاملة P.fluorescens على بقية المعاملات اذ اعطت 69.14SPAD ، 36.10 سم , 1.94 غم ، 0.51 غم 3.49 ، 0.38 ، 2.98 % على التتابع مقارنة بمعاملة السيطرة التي اعطت SPAD 54.88،29.44 سم , 1.39غم ،0.28 غم ،2.58، 0.25 ،2.51% على التتابع ، تلتها معاملة التلقيح ببكتريا P.aeruginosa التي اعطت 61.97SPAD 34.90 سم ، 1.86غم ، 0.49 غم ، 3.46 ، 0.38 ، 2.94 % على التتابع ، وتلتها معاملتا التلقيح ببكتريا P.cepacia و P.putida على التتابع .
دور نظم المعلومات الإدارية في تحقيق الميزة التنافسية المستدامة في ظل جائحة كورونا: دراسة حالة لهايبر بنده
Authors: المحمادي ساره , الطويرقي نوف , عريف هبة
Published: January 2021

تهدف الدراسة إلى التعرف على التحديات الإدارية التي واجهت شركة هايبر بنده التجارية خلال أزمة كورونا والكشف عن الإجراءات المتبعة للمحافظة على سير العمل أثناء الجائحة وبيان أثر استخدام نظم المعلومات الإدارية في تحقيق الميزة تنافسية في ظل جائحة كورونا شركة هايبر بنده التجارية، ‏استخدمت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي ‏بالاعتماد على المقابلة كأداة لجمع المعلومات، تم عمل المقابلة مع عدد من موظفين شركة هايبر بنده المتمثلين في مدراء ومتخصصين تقنيين وموظفو الموارد البشرية، ‏توصلت الدراسة إلى نتائج من أهمها أن الشركة بنده التجارية تصدت لجائحة كورونا من خلال الأنظمة المستحدثة والمواكبة للأوضاع الراهنة ومن أبرز التحديات التي واجهت الشركة هو ضمان استمرار المشاريع وتسليمها بالوقت المحدد وضمان متابعة سير عمل الموظفين عن بعد, حققت شركة هايبر بنده الميزة التنافسية من خلال تصميم تطبيق إلكتروني يدعم متابعة عمليات نظام الطلبات عن بعد وتوظيفه لخدمة العملاء خلال الأزمة. ‏خرجت الدراسة بعدة توصيات من أبرزها: إنشاء وحدة متخصصة في إدارة الأزمات مكونه من مجموعة من الخبراء من ذوي الاختصاص لوضع البرامج الاستباقية للأزمات المحتمل حدوثها والعمل على دراسات وأبحاث تحقق الميزة التنافسية من خلال نتائج الاستفتاء من قبل عملاء بنده.
دور إدارة المعرفة في إدارة المشروع
Authors: الحارثي غازي , الفايدي ياسر
Published: January 2021

إنَ إدارة المعرفة وما تتضمنه من رأس مال فكري, والتي تعد أحد أركان تنمية وتطور المجتمعات، وهذا يمثل أحد التحديات التي تواجه مدراء المشاريع في تبني استراتيجيات إدارة المعرفة وممارستها. توصلت الدراسة الحالية إلى أن إدارة المشاريع هي الركيزة الأساسية لنجاح المنظمة, وأن هناك تفاعل جيد بين تدفقات المشاريع وتدفقات المعرفة داخل المنظمات, وأن لدى المنظمات أهمية في تطوير الموارد البشرية وخاصة مدراء المشاريع لتعزيز مفهوم مشاركة المعرفة. كما أكدت النتائج على وجود علاقة قوية بين إدارة المعرفة وإدارة المشاريع وتكاملهما في العديد من الجوانب، الأمر الذي يعزز من ضرورة تنفيذ المشاريع على اختلاف أنواعها في ظل إدارة المعرفة بمختلف عملياتها, واعطاء صلاحيات أكثر لمدراء المشروع للاستفادة من ممارسات إدارة المعرفة. و أوصت الدراسة بالحاجة إلى زيادة توعية العاملين في المشاريع بأهمية إدارة المعرفة، وتثقيف العاملين والمدراء بالوسائل والأساليب والممارسات الفعالة لإدارة, والعمل على دمج استراتيجيات إدارة المعرفة مع ممارسات إدارة المشاريع, و إنشاء مستودعات معرفية لكل مجال من مجالات المشروع.
دور استراتيجية إدارة المعرفة في تنمية الكفاءات البشرية في مؤسسات التعليم العالي: رؤية معرفية حديثة
Authors: السلمي أسعد , مرغلاني محمد , عقيلي عثمان
Published: January 2021

نظرًا لما للمعرفة من دورٍ حيويٍّ وفعال في نجاحِ المنظمات، حيث تعد المعرفة من أهم مكونات نجاح وتطور العنصر البشري لذا أكدت العديد من الدراسات والبحوث على أهمية تطبيق استراتيجية إدارة المعرفة في المؤسسات التعليمية لتحسين قدراتها وتطوير أدائها والعمل على زيادة الكفاءة والفعالية وخفض التكاليف، إضافة إلى تحسين عملية صناعة اتخاذ القرارات وزيادة الوعي بجميع أنشطة المنظمة وما يحدث داخلها والعمل على اكتشاف الانحرافات وتصحيحها، وتحقيق الميزة التنافسية وتنمية الإبداع والابتكار، كدراسة طاشكندي (2007م) والزايدي (2008م) والغامدي (2008م). حيث هدفت هذه الدراسة للتعرف على دور استراتيجية إدارة المعرفة في تنمية الكفاءات البشرية في مؤسسات التعليم العالي كرؤية معرفية حديثة. ولتحقيق أهداف البحث اعتمد الباحثون على منهج دراسة وتحليل الوثائق من أجل فحص الوثائق والدراسات والمصادر التي تناولت استراتيجية إدارة المعرفة لتنمية الكفاءات البشرية في مؤسسات التعليم بهدف تحليلها ووصول إلى مجموعة من النتائج والتوصيات التي تساعد على استخلاص مكونات موضوع استراتيجية إدارة المعرفة وتنمية الكفاءات البشرية في مؤسسات التعليم وقد قدمت هذه الدراسة عدد من التوصيات.
ظاهرة الزيادة النحوية في النص القرآني وأثرها البلاغي
Authors: العنزي يوسف
Published: January 2021

تعد ظاهرة الزيادة من الظواهر التي تؤكد ثراء اللغة وتوسعها، فقد اختلف العلماء من أهل النحو والبلاغة والتفسير في مسألة الزيادة؛ فمنهم من أقرها ومنهم من ردها، والذي جعلهم يتخذون هذا الموقف الذي وقفوه من هذه القضية هو المفهوم الذي تبناه كل منهم، فخصصت البحث للوقوف على آراء عدد من النحاة ليبرز لنا المفهوم عندهم بشكل واضح، مؤكدا أن المراد من الزيادة في النص القرآني عند النحويين ليس إهمال اللفظ ؛ ولا كونه لغوا بل أن الزائد يعني أن أصل المعنى حاصل بدونه دون التأكيد؛ فبوجوده حصلت فائدة التأكيد. والواضع الحكيم لا يضع شيئا إلا لفائدة لأن الزيادة إحدى وسائل التوكيد إذ في زيادة المبنى تأكيد للمعنى، ومؤكدا أن هذه الزيادة مظهر من مظاهر إعجاز القرآن وفصاحته ؛ لأنها أتت ببلاغات جديدة للتركيب لا يستقيم دونها.
PENELUSURAN MINAT BAKAT UNTUK SISWA SMA SK DI JAKARTA BARAT
Authors: Saraswati Kiky Dwi Hapsari , Chandhika Jessica , Lie Daniel
Published: January 2021

Adolescence is a transitional period from the development of children to adults. At this stage of development, selecting a university course is a difficult task for students because they are still unsure about their own identity. Many of them still like to try out and follow what their friends do. The choice of university course is very important because it determines the continuity of the students’ studies in the university. Currently, SK High School does not have a psychologist in helping the students to understand their own aptitude and interest. Hence, a community service activity based on aptitude and interest test was carried out and conducted by a group of lecturers from Faculty of Psychology Universitas Tarumanagara (who are also psychologists). This aptitude and interest test was attended by 20 high school students of class XII and they completed five tests (Culture Fair Intelligence Test; Tes Administrasi, Keuangan, dan Dagang; Rothwell Miller Interest Blank; Pemeriksaan Teknik Pasti; Tes House Tree Person) to measure three aspects (intelligence, aptitude, and interest). Results were shown in the report format, consisting of description of the three aspects; a summary of students’ strengths, weaknesses, and suggestions for improvements; and recommendation university course. This report can be used by students, parents, and the school as a reference to assist students in selecting the most appropriate university courseABSTRAK:Masa remaja merupakan masa peralihan dari tahap perkembangan anak-anak menjadi dewasa. Di tahap perkembangan ini, pemilihan jurusan menjadi hal yang sulit bagi para siswa karena mereka masih belum memiliki ketetapan mengenai jati diri mereka sendiri. Banyak di antara mereka yang masih suka coba-coba dan ikut-ikutan teman. Pemilihan jurusan di perguruan tinggi sendiri merupakan hal yang sangat penting karena akan menentukan kelangsungan studi para siswa di perguruan tinggi. Sekarang ini Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) SK tidak memiliki psikolog yang dapat membantu para siswa untuk memberikan gambaran mengenai minat-bakat mereka. Oleh karena itu, kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat berbasis penelusuran bakat-minat dilaksanakan dan dilakukan oleh dosen Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Tarumanagara yang juga berprofesi sebagai psikolog. Tes bakat dan minat diikuti oleh 20 siswa SMA kelas XII dan mereka menyelesaikan lima tes (Culture Fair Intelligence Test; Tes Administrasi, Keuangan, dan Dagang; Rothwell Miller Interest Blank; Pemeriksaan Teknik Pasti; serta Tes House Tree Person) untuk mengukur tiga aspek yaitu inteligensi, minat dan bakat. Hasil ditunjukkan dalam bentuk laporan yang terdiri dari gambaran pada ketiga aspek tersebut; ringkasan singkat mengenai kekuatan, kelemahan, dan saran peningkatan untuk mahasiswa tersebut; dan rekomendasi jurusan di perguruan tinggi. Laporan dapat digunakan oleh siswa, orang tua, dan pihak sekolah sebagai referensi untuk membantu para mahasiswa dalam memilih jurusan di penguruan tinggi.
Wycieczka jako metoda nauczania i wychowania uczniów w edukacji wczesnoszkolnej
Authors: Sufa Beata , Winiarczyk-Raźniak Anna
Published: January 2021

Wycieczka jest jedną z najpopularniejszych form kontaktu z otaczającym człowieka środowiskiem. Jest to ważna metoda, stosowana w dydaktyce szkolnej, w której wykorzystywana jest jedna z ważniejszych funkcji turystyki: funkcja poznawcza. Celem opracowania było dokonanie przeglądu definicji dotyczących wycieczek szkolnych, określenie ich celów, funkcji i korzyści, jakie przynoszą w szkolnej edukacji. Dokonany przegląd wskazuje na złożoność problematyki i wieloaspektowość omawianej metody. Ponadto zadaniem, jakie sobie postawiono, przeprowadzając badania, było określenie, jakie jest znaczenie wycieczki jako skutecznej metody nauczania i wychowania uczniów w młodszym w wieku szkolnym. Za pomocą metody sondażu diagnostycznego zgromadzono materiał badawczy obejmujący opinie nauczycieli i uczniów na temat znaczenia i korzyści płynących z wycieczki szkolnej. Na podstawie wyników badań można zauważyć, że wycieczka jest powszechnie stosowaną metodą nauczania i wychowania w edukacji wczesnoszkolnej, organizowaną średnio kilka razy w roku szkolnym. Spełnia wiele ważnych funkcji oraz przynosi korzyści zarówno dla uczniów jak i nauczycieli, stanowiąc ciekawy element pracy pedagogicznej. Biorąc po uwagę wnioski z badań własnych, można uznać wycieczkę za efektywną metodę nauczania i wychowania. Łącząc w sobie elementy nauki, rozrywki i przygody wycieczka jest lubianą przez uczniów i atrakcyjną metodą nauczania i wychowania, docenianą przez doświadczonych nauczycieli edukacji wczesnoszkolnej.
Determinants of Ethiopia‘s Coffee Bilateral Trade Flows: A panel Gravity Approach
Authors: Feyisa Bekele Wegi
Published: January 2021

Ethiopia‘s export earning is heavily dependent on primary agricultural commodities and raw materials. Coffee has been the principal export commodity of Ethiopia for many years and continued to be the leading export commodity. The objective of this paper was, therefore, to identify the determinants of Ethiopia‘s coffee export to the major trading partners. Eighteen countries were selected based on the importance of the country as Ethiopia‘s coffee export destination and availability of the required data. Annual panel data from 2001 to 2016 was collected from FAO database and other relevant sources. After appropriate econometric tests had been applied, random effect model was selected and used to analyze the data. From the seven variables entered into the model, four variables were found to affect Ethiopia‘s coffee export significantly. GDP of the importing countries and population size of Ethiopia affect Ethiopia‘s coffee export positively as expected. Weighted distance between Ethiopia and its trading partners was also found to have an expected effect, negative, on Ethiopia‘s coffee export. Contrary to the hypothesis, foreign direct investment flows to Ethiopia affected Ethiopia‘s coffee export negatively. Based on the results, the study draws conclusion and policy implications. To increase Ethiopia‘s coffee export, government and other stakeholders should give prime attention to countries where there is high demand for Ethiopia‘s coffee. Moreover, coffee exporters should exploit the existing nearest market opportunities. Finally, favourable conditions should be created for the large unemployed labor of the country to increase coffee production and export.
Let a Thousand Models Bloom: ICER Analytics Opens the Floodgates to Cloud Pseudoscience
Authors: Langley Paul
Published: January 2021

It has been noted on numerous occasions that modeled claims for cost-effectiveness, if driven by assumption for the lifetime of a hypothetical patient population, can be easily ‘gamed’ to create a required claim.  These marketing exercises to support product entry are all too common in the literature.  The institute for Clinical and Economic Review (ICER) in its launch of the ICER Analytics platform has provided a framework to support precisely these activities. Following the mainstream methodology in health technology assessment, the ICER Analytics platform facilitates the creation of approximate information to support formulary decisions. This is an odd development because it undercuts ICERs belief that it is the key arbiter in health technology assessment in the US, setting the stage for pricing and access recommendations. With the release of the ICER Analytics platform, others can now customize the ‘backbone’ ICER model in a disease area (i.e., change assumptions) to develop alternative and competing value assessments and ‘fair’ price claims. The problem is, of course, that without a reference point, there is no basis for comparing modeled claims other than through challenging assumptions. Indeed, ICER has made this easy by reducing barriers to lifetime model building so that manufacturers and others can create competing (and confusing) claims within, literally, a few minutes. ICER will then become one of a multitude of competing voices for the attention of formulary committees and other health decision makers; letting a thousand imaginary models bloom where no model can be judged on the basis of credible, empirically evaluable and replicable product claims.
Embedded Electronics Applied in Remote Laboratories Using NodeJs
Authors: Amine Moulay Taj  , Abouhilal Abdelmoula , Naima Taifi  , Abdessamad Malaoui
Published: January 2021

A description of the implementation of integrated practical work in a remote laboratory was presented in this paper. The student, in real time, can access an online web page in order to manipulate a practical work of digital electronics. This work is based on the use of an embedded system PcDuino. The hardware architecture and software solutions are described, as well as the supervision tool that allows the student to follow changes in the output states of the Practical Work remotely.
Cloud Computing Platform for Mentoring Trainees: The Case of the Professional Training of Midwives in Morocco
Authors: Imad Lamniai  , Mustapha Bassiri  , Abderrazak Mazouak  , Said Belaaouad  , Malika Tridane
Published: January 2021

The digital transformation invites several solutions to optimize professional training. Its particularity lies in the management, conservation and securing of their data to each of the players. The use of the electronic learning booklet with Cloud computing aims to be simple and intuitive, it creates interaction and makes it possible to strengthen the links of the trinomial (Student, Educational tutor, supervisor on a training)We thought of using a online platform tool using Cloud Computing Technology to overcome the limitations of the "paper" learning booklet. This technical-pedagogical system makes it possible to save all data of the apprentice through evaluation grids and follow-up sheets, both during training periods and in theoretical training, according to periods decided by the training institution. The adoption of this imperative of qualification and technological integration retains the role of each of the actors: the student, the pedagogical supervisor and the supervisor on a training course. In this strategic vision, we have conceptualized and implemented an Electronic Learning Booklet (ELB) for integrative professionalization.Our Research Methodology is based on an engineering of the training devices. Initially we will present the context of the research project ELB. In this framework, we will present our problematic centered on the management of technical invention and pedagogical innovation in the framework of training of Midwives in Morocco. In a second step, we will discuss the qualitative and quantitative results of the statistical analysis of our target sample.By crossing the results of the study with the validation interviews, which confound and invalidate our starting hypothesis. LEA is a powerful vector of quality and academic performance of midwifery training.
Religious freedom between international law and Tunisia’s legal order
Authors: Gueldich Hajer
Published: January 2021

This paper aims to clarify about Religious freedom in the legal Tunisian framework. It emphasizes Tunisia’s choice as a secular state which separates civil state and religion.

Moreover, it highlights the Tunisian exceptionality in its legal achievements in this area, and emphasizes on what differentiates Tunisia from other Arab countries, regarding this protection, especially on - Family status and women rights’ related matters. Namely this paper will focus on the last reforms aiming to allow the Tunisian Muslim woman to marry non-Muslim men and to establish inheritance equality between men and women. These new decisions are still controversial for a society divided between progressive Democrats and regressive Islamists.
A review of the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal
Authors: Mafi Homayoun
Published: January 2021

This article is intended to analyse the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal by considering its origins and decisions in order to find out to what extend it has been successful in the settlement of international commercial and inter-state disputes between Iran and the United States. The Tribunal work is evaluated to determine whether it has been a workable pattern of Western-style legal institution for further instances of politically changed circumstances. In its arguments and expositions, I will discuss whether the Tribunal is an international arbitral tribunal created to resolve private law disputes or an interstate arbitration body typically established by treaty. I will argue that the Tribunal should be considered as an instrument of public international law, because it is based on an international treaty between sovereign states. Through this study I will examine the question of the Tribunal’s jurisdiction and its application of international law as compared with the decisions of other international tribunals. It also considers an internal question to the theory of the governing law to the resolution of disputes.
La responsabilidad paterna para embriones producidos en un ciclo de reproducción humana asistida: un análisis a la luz del principio de paternidad responsable
Authors: Moraes Carlos Alexandre , Giovanini Mochi Tatiana De Freitas , Pérez Carrillo Juan Ramón
Published: January 2021

Es derecho de todo ciudadano tener una libre planificación familiar, sin embargo, el uso de técnicas de fertilización artificial también debe estar vinculado al principio de la paternidad responsable y de la dignidad de la persona humana, lo que también implica la responsabilidad en relación al destino de todos los embriones producidos en la fertilización in vitro. La Ley de Bioseguridad, objeto de la Acción Directa de Inconstitucionalidad (ADI) no. 3.510, juzgado sin fundamento por el Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF), llegó a regular la posibilidad de que los embriones excedentes de un ciclo de fertilización estén destinados a la investigación científica. 

Sin embargo, la ley tiene inconsistencias, como la redacción del artículo III del art. 5to. Además, el STF adoptó una visión utilitaria no solo del embrión sino también del principio de la dignidad de la persona humana, que culmina en la cosificación del propio ser humano. Debe existir una responsabilidad por parte de quienes están dispuestos a tener un hijo artificialmente, y esto se deriva del principio de la paternidad responsable, y por lo tanto es necesario limitar, por ejemplo, el número de embriones producidos en cada ciclo de fertilización, entre otras medidas que sobresalen en el respeto a la vida humana.
Los vacíos de la Ley 1709 de 2014 para el otorgamiento de la libertad condicional en Colombia
Authors: Mendieta Pineda Luz Mireya , Hernández Wilmar Niño , Molina Carrión Blanca M.
Published: January 2021

Este artículo presenta una reflexión a la comunidad académica, resultado de un estudio sobre la figura de la libertad condicional en Colombia, consagrada en la normatividad actual, como un subrogado penal de la pena de prisión, buscando responder cuál ha sido el impacto de la libertad condicional posterior a la Ley 1709 de 2014. Es una investigación socio-jurídica, que usa una metodología científica llamada desk table research, que tiene en su estudio la verificación de varias técnicas metodológicas, y en las que se usaron: la revisión de jurisprudencia, análisis doctrinal latinoamericano y recolección de datos genéricos a partir de diversos informes del INPEC. Así mismo se hizo un análisis crítico-jurídico de la Ley 1709 de 2014, respecto a la realidad social, que mostró las lagunas y vacíos existentes en su aplicación normativa.

Como un primer avistamiento y conforme a los resultados obtenidos de los informes emitidos por el INPEC, se puede concluir que a la libertad condicional acceden muy pocos y, por lo tanto, un gran número de sentenciados debe cumplir la totalidad de la pena.
Tiempo Histórico
Authors: Gallardo Porras Viviana
Published: January 2021

Editorial
La toma de la Victoria y el problema habitacional a través del diario La Nación. Agenda estatal y movimiento de pobladores en Santiago, 1957.
Authors: Castillo Fernández Simón , Vila Muga Waldo
Published: January 2021

Este artículo observa mediante el diario oficialista La Nación uno de los problemas urbanos más complejos enfrentados durante el gobierno de Carlos Ibáñez (1952-1958): la falta de vivienda y la demanda social por conseguirlo, siendo el periódico un activo partícipe del debate. Se indaga en la ocupación de terrenos ocurrida en octubre de 1957 al sur de Santiago, originando la población “La Victoria”. La investigación se sitúa como una historia social urbana, utilizando al medio de prensa oficial como fuente prioritaria. Se concluye que la “toma” cuestionó la capacidad del Estado, convirtiéndose en la oportunidad para impulsar una nueva política de vivienda. Asimismo, posicionó una representación de los pobladores que distinguía entre aquellos apegados a la legalidad y quienes tomaban acciones directas.
Entre fugas y motines. El papel de la infancia institucionalizada en el debate sobre la política de protección infanto-juvenil de la dictadura. Chile, 1988-1992.
Authors: Velásquez Paredes Bayron
Published: January 2021

Entre fines de los ochenta y comienzos de los noventa tuvo lugar un importante debate sobre la política de protección infanto-juvenil de la dictadura, en un contexto marcado por la apertura democrática y por la influencia de la Convención Internacional sobre los Derechos del Niño. En este artículo se plantea que la infancia institucionalizada desempeñó un papel fundamental en dicho debate, pues las fugas y motines que protagonizaron, sostenidamente, evidenciaron la gravedad de los problemas que atravesaba el sistema de protección de menores, “aterrizando” una discusión esencialmente técnica.
Naturalne przedłużanie trwałości produktów spożywczych
Authors: Dudek-Makuch Marlena , Knoska Kinga , Chanaj-Kaczmarek Justyna
Published: January 2021

In recent years, natural antioxidants are often investigate because of synthetic antioxidants have an adverse effect on human health. Scientific research in the food industry focused on the search for natural antioxidants that would be similarly effective to synthetic antioxidants. For this purpose, commonly known and used natural compounds (e.g. carotenoids), spices and herbs particularly rich in chemical compounds with strong antioxidant properties (e.g. rosemary, thyme, sage, oregano, garlic, cloves) as well as green tea extracts, fruit extracts (e.g. plums, apricots, cranberries) are used. The addition of natural polyphenols not only prolongs the durability of food products, but also protects the body against oxidative damage. Epidemiological studies show a correlation between the consumption of polyphenol-rich products and a reduction in the risk of developing civilization diseases, including heart diseases.
Farmakoterapia skóry. Część 3. Nawilżanie skóry i naturalne środki nawilżające
Authors: Kędzia Bogdan , Wolski Tadeusz
Published: January 2021

Moisturizing of the skin depends on both the penetration of water present in dermis, and the skin’s ability to retain water on its surface. The movement of water from the dermis to the surface encounters barriers: a natural moisturizing factor (NMF), as well as a water-lipid surface covering the skin. An important role in the evaporation of water through the skin is also played by external factors, such as air temperature, surfactants and disease states. To reduce water loss by the skin, many natural moisturizers are used, including hydrophilic water-binding on the epidermis (hyaluronic acid, chitosan, collagen, sorbitol), penetrating into the epidermis (glycerol, urea, biotin), hydrophilic occlusive substances (beeswax, cetyl alcohol, soybean lecithin), and modifying the epidermal barrier (ceramides, cholesterol, NUFA).
Wrażliwość grzybów drożdżopodobnych na olejek majerankowy (Oleum Majoranae)
Authors: Kędzia Anna , Kędzia Andrzej W.
Published: January 2021

Introduction. Majoram possesses a number of therapeutic properties. Essential oil contain, following components: oxygenated monoterpenes (α-and β-pinene, camphene, α-phellandrene, α-, β-, and δ-terpinene, cymene), oxygenated monoterpenes (1,8-cineoe, cis-sabinene hydrate, linalool, terpinene-4-ol, α-tepineol, linalyl acetate), sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (cubebene, β-longpinene, β-caryophyllene, α-humulene, β-farnezene) and oxygenated sesquiterpenes (caryophyllene oxide). Majoran essential oil posses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. Aim. The aim of this work was investigate the susceptibility of yeastlike fungi to majoram oil. Material and methods. Yeastlike fungi were isolated from oral cavity of patients with candidosis. The strains of fungi belonging to the following genus: Candida albicans (12 strains), C. glabrata (2), C. guilliermondii (1), C. humicola (1), C. kefyr (2), C. krusei (4), C. lusitaniae (1), C. parapsilosis (4), C. tropicalis (5) and C. utilis (1) and 9 reference strains were tested. Investigation was carried out using the plate dilution method in Sabouraud’s agar. Inoculum contain 105 microorganisms per spot was seeded with Steers replicator upon surface of agar with and without essential oil (strain growth control). The dates of concentrations of majoran oil (Semifarm) was 2.0, 1.0, 0.5, 0.25 and 0.12 mg/ml. Inoculated plates were incubated in aerobic conditions at 37°C for 24-48 hrs. The MIC was defined as the lowest concentration of majoram oil inhibiting the visible growth of yeastlike fungi. Results. The results of the dates indicated that the strains from genus of Candida was susceptible to oil in concentration from 1.0 to ≥ 2.0 mg/ml. The growth of the strain Candida albicans, C. guilliermondii and C. humicola were inhibited in concentration 1.0 mg/ml. The strains of C. glabrata, C. kefyr, C. krusei, C. parapsilosis and C. tropicalis were less sensitive (MIC 1.0-≥ 2.0 mg/ml). However the strains of C. lusitaniae and C. utilis were the lowest sensitive. The growth of this yeastlike fungi was inhibited by concentrations ≥ 2.0 mg/ml. Conclusions. The tested yeastlike fungi were variability susceptible to majoram oil. The oil was the most active towards C. albicans, C. guilliermondii and C. humicola strains. Strains of C. lusitaniae and C. utilis were the lowest sensitive on majoram oil.
Ocena aktywności biologicznej cynamonu w badaniach in vitro
Authors: Czapska Izabela , Studzińska-Sroka Elżbieta , Bylka Wiesława
Published: January 2021

Cinnamon, the bark of various species of cinnamon, is used in the food spice used throughout the world. In medicine, cinnamon bark and bark oil are used for dyspeptic ailments, fullness and bloating, and cinnamon bark products are recommended as helpful in symptomatic treatment of mild diarrhea also are recommended to support the treatment of diabetes. Cinnamon contains essential oil, whose main active ingredient is cinnamaldehyde, as well as procyanidins, terpenes. This paper presents the results of in vitro experiments on antidiabetic action, along with the mechanism of this activity as well as on antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic also presented. This article also contains information on the dosage of cinnamon bark and cinnamon bark oil.
Imbir lekarski ? roślina o właściwościach neuroochronnych
Authors: Łażewska Dominika , Miętkiewska Kinga , Studzińska-Sroka Elżbieta
Published: January 2021

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) is a perennial belonging to Zingiberaceae family. Primary place of occurrence was Asia, but nowadays it is grown in many regions of subtropical zone. The raw material used in medicine is a rhizome and oil obtained from it. Chemical compounds responsible for pharmacological activity are mainly sesquiterpene alcohols, gingerols and shogaols. Among beneficial properties of ginger we can list: promoting salivation, stimulating secretion of gastric juice and bile, reducing cholesterol level, improving immunity, activating peristalsis of the intestines and antioxidative, antibacterial, antiviral, anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory properties. Confirmed indications are loss of appetite, dyspepsia and motion sickness. In this paper we described scientific reports considering potential neuroprotective activity of ginger, which can be used in treatment of neurodegenerative disorders as Alzheimer’s disease. We presented the results of in vitro and in vivo studies. The article contains information on the safety of products from Z. officinale.
Ocena aktywności biologicznej cynamonu w badaniach in vivo
Authors: Czapska-Pietrzak Izabela , Studzińska-Sroka Elżbieta , Bylka Wiesława
Published: January 2021

Cinnamon, the bark of different species of cinnamon, is a food spice used all over the world. In medicine, cinnamon is recommended for dyspeptic conditions, fullness and flatulence, for symptomatic treatment of mild diarrhea and for the support of diabetes treatment. Cinnamon contains essential oil, whose main active ingredient is cinnamaldehyde, as well as procyanidins and terpenes. The paper presents the results of experiments performed on animals with induced diabetes assessing the antidiabetic activity of the extract, cinnamon bark oil and cinnamaldehyde. They are also described regarding spasmolytic, analgesic and cardiovascular stimulating activity.
Wpływ metod odchwaszczania plantacji na plonowanie i zawartość olejku w kwiatostanach wybranych odmian nagietka lekarskiego (Calendula officinalis L.)
Authors: Mordalski Romuald , Buchwald Waldemar , Bilińska Elżbieta , Zalińska Hanna , Kucharski Wojciech A.
Published: January 2021

Introduction. Marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) is an annual plants belongs to Asteraceae family. The species is widespread in the world and have a long tradition of medicinal use with multidirectional action. Aim. The field experiments were carried out to assess the impact of genetic (cultivar) and environmental factors on yielding variability and biosynthesis of essential oil in conditions of conventional cultivation of marigold after using different methods of plantation weeding. Material and methods. The research material were two cultivars of marigold such as Orange King and Indian Prince. The following activity were tested: 1) spraying of Fusilade Forte 150 EC (1 l • ha-1), 2) spraying Fusilade Forte 150 EC (1 l • ha-1) + manual weeding, 3) manual weeding, 4) no weeding – control. The scope of the research included assessment of marigold yield (inflorescence) and determination of the essential oil contents in dry mass of raw material. Results. Regardless of the cultivar, a non-chemical methods (mechanical weeding in interrows and manual in rows) gave the highest efficiency of weed control. Similar results observed after using chemical weeding with manual weeding. In these cases the yields were at least 2.5 times higher than obtained from the control. The total yield of dry mass of inflorescence for the above methods was 6.35 and 5.53 q • ha-1 for Orange King cultivars, slightly lower result obtained for cultivar of Indian Prince (4.81 and 4.12 q • ha-1). It was also shown that the content of essential oil in the raw material ranged from 0.25 to 0.37% and was independent from the cultivar. Conclusions. The Orange King cultivar of marigold yielded better than Indian Prince in analogous methods of plantation weeding. The highest effectiveness of weed plantation was found using a non-chemical method (mechanical weeding in interrows and manual weeding in rows) and using chemical weeding with manual weeding. It was shown that the content of essential oil in the inflorescences of both examined cultivars was similar.
Len i konopie w profilaktyce i lecznictwie
Authors: Kaniewski Ryszard , Jankowiak Janusz , Zajączek Karolina
Published: January 2021

Flax and hemp, two plants traditionally associated with European civilization, are a source of many extremely valuable ingredients that are simply necessary for health. Flax is one of the noblest plants. It is the richest plant source of nutrients sought for by man. Linseed is extremely rich in mucous compounds, proteins, sterols, organic acids, enzymes, mineral salts, unsaturated glycerides. The most valuable component of flax seeds is oil, the content of which can reach up to 40%. The unique linseed oil contains over 90% unsaturated fatty acids (EFA), of which more than half are omega-3 fatty acids. Hemp leaves and inflorescence contain phytocannabinoids, which are responsible for a number of biological effects, e.g. antidepressant, anti-emetic, analgesic, anti-cancer, anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory and antiatherosclerotic activity. In recent years, the topic of endocannabinoid deficiency syndrome often appears in the professional press, which is explained by the fact that biological evolution cannot keep up with rapid lifestyle changes.
OPTIMAL PARAMETERS OF A LONGITUDINAL MAGNETIC FIELD PROVIDING MIXING OF THE MELT IN A BATH IN ARC SURFACING
Authors:   State Higher Educational Institution “Pryazovskyi State Technical University”, Razmyshlyaev Aleksandr , Ahieieva Marina ,   Donbas State Engineering Academy
Published: January 2021

Urgency of the research. One of the ways to improve the submerged arc surfacing process efficiency with wire is to use a control longitudinal magnetic field. (LMF). It is possible to control the geometrical dimensions of the surfaced beads, the electrode wire melting productivity increases, grinding of the structural components of the weld metal is achieved. Target setting. For effective mixing of the melt in the bath in arc surfacing with the act of the LMF, it is necessary for the melt to reach the extreme points of the tail end of the weld bath. It is necessary to determine the velocity of flows induced in the melt under the action of LMF for different frequencies and induction LMF. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. It has been shown in recent publications that for grinding the structural components of the surfaced metal and increasing its service characteristics during arc surfacing with the act of alternating LMF, it is necessary to ensure the mixing of the melt in the bath along its entire length. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. The works that would deal with the mixing of the melt in the bath along its entire length during arc surfacing with the act of the alternating LMF are practically absent. The research objective. Determination of the optimal parameters of the alternating LMF, which would ensure effective mixing of the metal in the bath at submerged arc surfacing (welding) with wire. The statement of basic materials. It was assumed in the calculation method that through the head of the bath (before the arc) 90% of the total surfacing current. The dimensions of the recess (crater) under the arc in the liquid metal are determined with the help of refractory inserts. The values of velocity and acceleration, which reaches the liquid metal under the action of alternating LMF are determined. Conclusions. The optimal values of induction and frequency of LMF, providing effective mixing of the melt in the bath at submerged arc surfacing are determined.
The South African National Minimum Wage: Potential or Concern?
Authors: Heppell Erik
Published: January 2021

The introduction of a South African national minimum wage has been received with mixed feelings. With the various perceptions in mind, this article considers the role that the South African national minimum wage will possibly assume in the South African context by deliberating on some concerns and the potential it holds based on foreign national evidence and the effect that sectoral determinations have had in South Africa. This article concludes by supporting the introduction of the South African national minimum wage. International evidence and sectoral determinations indicate that the common concerns are often inflated or unwarranted. This is not to say that these concerns should be disregarded, though. The impact and consequences of the South African national minimum wage should be carefully monitored throughout the implementation process in order to optimise its positive impact and minimise any possible negative consequences it may have.
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN COVID-19 PATIENTS. PART 1.
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Holyshko V. S. , Snezhitskiy V. A. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Matsiyeuskaya N. V. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: January 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 is the greatest medical problem of our time. The presence of concomitant cardiovascular pathology in a patient predisposes to a severe course and the formation of adverse outcomes of COVID-19. It is currently known that SARS-CoV-2 infection leads, on the one hand, to exacerbation and decompensation of the patient's cardiovascular disease, on the other hand, it is the origin of acute cardiovascular pathology. Understanding the impact of COVID-19 on the cardiovascular system is essential for providing comprehensive care to critically ill patients. In this review, we summarize the rapidly changing data on cardiovascular damage associated with COVID-19.
MITOCHONDRIAL ATP SYNTHASE
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Uzlova E. V. , Zimatkin S. M. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: January 2021

In the following review we collected and analyzed the currently available data on the structure and organization, localization, working mechanisms and functions of a universal and unique in its characteristics enzyme of ATP synthesis – ATP synthase. In addition to synthase and hydrolase activity, associated into dimers mitochondrial ATP synthase is responsible for “bending” the inner membrane of mitochondria. A large number of diseases, including neurodegenerative and mitochondrial ones, are associated with ATP synthase disorders, and among other things they are accompanied by structural changes of mitochondrial cristae.
PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTIONS – CURRENT STATE OF DEVELOPMENT: PREVENTION OF COMPLICATIONS AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Dzeshka M. S. , Chernyak A. A. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus,   Grodno Regional Clinical Cardiology Center, Grodno, Belarus, Snezhitskiy V. A. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Yanushka A. V. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus,   Grodno Regional Clinical Cardiology Center, Grodno, Belarus, Maksimchik A. V. ,   Grodno Regional Clinical Cardiology Center, Grodno, Belarus, Madzekina H. A. ,   Grodno Regional Clinical Cardiology Center, Grodno, Belarus
Published: January 2021

Antiplatelet therapy is an essential part of cardiovascular prevention in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Damage to the vascular wall caused by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is accompanied by extensive platelet activation followed by inevitable risk of thrombosis within implanted stent both in patients with acute coronary syndromes and in those with chronic CHD especially before endothelization is completed. Effective prevention of ischaemic complications necessitates dual antiplatelet therapy including its combination with anticoagulation therapy. Duration of the combined therapy is determined by clinical scenario as well as balancing the risk of ischaemic and haemorrhagic events. Risk assessment is an integral part of patient management. Technological advances in the field of coronary interventions aim to assess atherosclerotic lesions precisely in terms of requirement of revascularization, minimize damage to the vascular wall, promote endothelization, and allow shortening of antithrombotic therapy without losing long-term effectiveness of PCI and increasing the rate of stent thrombosis. The current review discusses prevention of complications after PCI with focus on antithrombotic therapy as well as future perspectives of PCI.
CHEST COMPRESSION METHODS SIMULATED COVID-19 PATIENT RESUSCITATION: A RANDOMIZED CROSS-OVERSIMULATION TRIAL
Authors:   Ufuk University Medical Faculty, Dr. Ridvan Ege Education and Research Hospital,Ankara, Turkey, Evrin T. , Bielski K. ,   Voivodeship Ambulance and Sanitary Transport Station in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland;Polish Society of Disaster Medicine, Warsaw, Poland, Dabrowska A. ,   Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland; Polish Society of Disaster Medicine,Warsaw, Poland, Smereka J. ,   Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland; Polish Society of Disaster Medicine,Warsaw, Poland, Ladny J. R. ,   Medical University Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland; Polish Society of Disaster Medicine,Warsaw, Poland, Malysz M. ,   Voivodeship Ambulance and Sanitary Transport Station in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland,   Polish Society of Disaster Medicine, Warsaw, Poland, Yakubtsevich R. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Szarpak L. ,   Maria Sklodowska-Curie Medical Academy in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland,   Polish Societyof Disaster Medicine, Warsaw, Poland; Bialystok Oncology Center, Bialystok, Poland
Published: January 2021

Background: High-quality chest compression is one of the key elements of resuscitation to return of spontaneous circulation. In the COVID-19 era, medical personnel should wear personal protective equipment (PPE) against aerosol generating procedures (AGP) during resuscitation. However, the use of this personal protection equipment may reduce the effectiveness of medical procedures performed. Objective: We aimed to compare chest compression quality parameters between standard manual chest compression and chest compression with TrueCPR feedback device performed by medical students wearing full personal protractive equipment against aerosol generating procedure.Methods: The study was designed as a randomized, cross-over, single-blinded simulation study. Thirty-two medical students wearing PPE-AGP performed 2-min continuous chest compression on an adult simulator with and without TrueCPR feedback device.Results: Median chest compression depth with and without TrueCPR feedback device varied and amounted to 46 (IQR; 42-53) vs. 41 (IQR; 36-45) mm (MCC vs. TrueCPR, respectively). The manual chest compression rate was 117 (IQR; 112-125) compressions per minute (CPM) and was higher than with TrueCPR feedback device - 107 (IQR; 102-115; p = 0.017). Full chest relaxation in the manual's chest compression technique (without TrueCPR) was 33 (IQR; 26-42)% and was lower than with chest compression with TrueCPR feedback device - 58 (IQR; 40-75)% (p=0.002). Conclusions: We conclude that a TrueCPR feedback device improves chest compression quality during simulated COVID-19 resuscitation performed by medical students wearing PPE-AGP.
PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY IN MULTIMODALITY TREATMENT OF PLISS LYMPHOSARCOMA AND UTERINE CERVIX CANCER-5
Authors:   N. N. Alexandrov National Cancer Centre of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus, Vasileuski A. P. , Artemova N. A. ,   N. N. Alexandrov National Cancer Centre of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus, Litvinova T. M. ,   N. N. Alexandrov National Cancer Centre of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus, Kosenko I. A. ,   N. N. Alexandrov National Cancer Centre of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus, Alexandrova E. N. ,   N. N. Alexandrov National Cancer Centre of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
Published: January 2021

Background. Malignant tumors management using conventional treatment modalities is associated with poor outcomes. Objective of the study. To assess photodynamic activity of Photolon as monotherapy, as well as in combination with radio- and chemotherapy in an experiment.Material and methods. The research was done on HeLa monolayer culture (human uterine cervix carcinoma), 97 white random-bred rats with Pliss lymphosarcoma and 42 mice (CBA) with uterine cervix cancer-5 (UCC-5). Results. The amplification factor in Photolon photoirradiation was 65.1 in terms of the cytostatic effect and 98.5 in terms of cytotoxic effect. Photodynamic therapy enhances the efficacy of radiotherapy, since it reduced Pliss lymphosarcoma growth rate in rats down to 33.7% and UCC-5 growth rate in mice down to 14.9% of the intact control level (p<0.05). Conclusion. It is advisable to include photodynamic therapy in multimodality treatment.
Catalyst Design in C–H Activation: A Case Study in the Use of Binding Free Energies to Rationalise Intramolecular Directing Group Selectivity in Iridium Catalysis
Authors: Kerr William , Knox Gary J. , Reid Marc , Tuttle Tell
Published: January 2021

Remote directing groups in a bifunctional molecule do not always behave independently of one another in C–H activation chemistries. A combined DFT and experimental mechanistic study to provide enhanced Ir catalysts for chemoselective C–H deuteration of bifunctional aryl primary sulfonamides is described. This provides a pharmaceutically relevant and limiting case study in using binding energies to predict intramolecular directing group chemoselectivity. Rational catalyst design, guided solely by qualitative substrate-catalyst binding free energy predictions, enabled intramolecular discrimination between competing ortho directing groups in C–H activation and delivered improved catalysts for sulfonamide-selective C–H deuteration. As a result, chemoselective binding of the primary sulfonamide moiety was achieved in the face of an intrinsically more powerful pyrazole directing group present in the same molecule. Detailed DFT calculations and mechanistic experiments revealed a breakdown in the applied binding free energy model, illustrating the important interconnectivity of ligand design, substrate geometry, directing group cooperativity, and solvation in supporting DFT calculations. This work has important implications around attempts to predict intramolecular C–H activation directing group chemoselectivity using simplified monofunctional fragment molecules. More generally, these studies provide insights for catalyst design methods for late-stage C–H functionalisation.