bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic Evaluation of Ancient Platycladus orientalis L. (Cupressaceae) in the Middle Reaches of the Yellow River Using Nuclear Microsatellite Markers
Authors: Cui Bei , Deng Ping , Tian Linghong , Wang Qingqi , Zhang Sheng , Zhao Zhong
Published: November 2021

As a precious and rare genetic resource, ancient Platycladus orientalis L. (Cupressaceae) has important scientific, cultural and historical value. The ancient temples and royal cemeteries in the middle reaches of the Yellow River contain the most concentrated and abundant distributions of ancient P. orientalis. Due to unfavorable conditions, the genetic resources of ancient trees are facing great threats and challenges; thus, it is urgent to strengthen the evaluation of the genetic resources of ancient P. orientalis. In this study, we used nine polymorphic nuclear simple sequence repeats (nSSRs) to evaluate the genetic resources of 221 individuals in 19 ancient P. orientalis populations in the middle reaches of the Yellow River. These selected polymorphic nSSR loci can be used reliably and rapidly in P. orientalis genetic studies. Our study showed that the 19 ancient P. orientalis populations have high genetic diversity (mean H = 0.562, He = 0.377). High historical gene flow (mean Nm = 1.179) and high genetic differentiation (mean Fst = 0.184) were observed in the ancient P. orientalis population. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that higher genetic variation existed within populations (93%) rather than among populations (7%). The genetic structures showed that the 19 populations were divided into two groups. The Mantel test and neighbor-joining (NJ) tree analysis showed no geographical distribution characteristics among populations, which may indicate a history of transplanting by ancient humans. Our research provides a theoretical basis for the protection and utilization of ancient P. orientalis germplasm resources and exploration of the historical origin and genetic relationships among the populations of P. orientalis on a large scale in the future.
Physicochemical Characteristics, Microstructure and Health Promoting Properties of Green Banana Flour
Authors: Khoza Minenhle , Kayitesi Eugenie , Dlamini Bhekisisa C.
Published: November 2021

This study aimed to investigate the proximate composition, mineral content, functional properties, molecular structure, in vitro starch digestibility, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and antioxidant activity (DPPH, FRAP) of green banana flour (GBF) cultivars grown in South Africa. With proximate composition, Finger Rose and Pisang Awak had the highest protein (4.33 g/100 g) and fat (0.85 g/100 g) content, respectively. The highest ash content (3.50 g/100 g) occurred with both Grand Naine and FHIA-01 cultivars. Potassium and copper were the most abundant and least minerals, respectively. Pisang Awak cultivar had the highest water absorption capacity (67.11%), while Du Roi had the highest swelling power (0.83 g/g) at 90 °C. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images revealed that starch granules from all GBF cultivars were irregular in shape and they had dense surfaces with debris. All the GBF cultivars had similar diffraction patterns with prominent peaks from 15°–24° diffraction angles. The resistant starch (RS) and amylose content of the FHIA-01 cultivar indicates that the GBF has the potential to lower risks of type 2 diabetes and obesity. The highest TPC, TFC and antioxidant activity occurred with the Grande Naine cultivar. Based on their functional characteristics, the Grand Naine and FHIA-01 GBF cultivars could potentially be used as raw materials for bakery products as well as for the fortification of snacks.
X Chromosome Inactivation during Grasshopper Spermatogenesis
Authors: Viera Alberto , Parra María Teresa , Arévalo Sara , García de la Vega Carlos , Santos Juan Luis , Page Jesús
Published: November 2021

Regulation of transcriptional activity during meiosis depends on the interrelated processes of recombination and synapsis. In eutherian mammal spermatocytes, transcription levels change during prophase-I, being low at the onset of meiosis but highly increased from pachytene up to the end of diplotene. However, X and Y chromosomes, which usually present unsynapsed regions throughout prophase-I in male meiosis, undergo a specific pattern of transcriptional inactivation. The interdependence of synapsis and transcription has mainly been studied in mammals, basically in mouse, but our knowledge in other unrelated phylogenetically species is more limited. To gain new insights on this issue, here we analyzed the relationship between synapsis and transcription in spermatocytes of the grasshopper Eyprepocnemis plorans. Autosomal chromosomes of this species achieve complete synapsis; however, the single X sex chromosome remains always unsynapsed and behaves as a univalent. We studied transcription in meiosis by immunolabeling with RNA polymerase II phosphorylated at serine 2 and found that whereas autosomes are active from leptotene up to diakinesis, the X chromosome is inactive throughout meiosis. This inactivation is accompanied by the accumulation of, at least, two repressive epigenetic modifications: H3 methylated at lysine 9 and H2AX phosphorylated at serine 139. Furthermore, we identified that X chromosome inactivation occurs in premeiotic spermatogonia. Overall, our results indicate: (i) transcription regulation in E. plorans spermatogenesis differs from the canonical pattern found in mammals and (ii) X chromosome inactivation is likely preceded by a process of heterochromatinization before the initiation of meiosis.
Relationship of Cultivated Grain Amaranth Species and Wild Relative Accessions
Authors: Thapa Ranjita , Edwards Matthew , Blair Matthew W.
Published: November 2021

Amaranthus is a genus of C4 dicotyledonous herbaceous plants, and three New World species have been domesticated to produce grain crops with light colored seed which are classified as pseudo-cereals rich in protein and minerals. A core collection of grain amaranths and immediate precursor species has been established, representing the closest related species. The goal of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity in that collection of cultivated and wild species, using competitive allele single nucleotide polymorphism markers. A secondary objective was to determine the relationships among the three cultivated species and non-domesticated Amaranthus, while a third objective was to evaluate the utility of the markers in detecting diversity in the 276 genotypes. The markers were found to be highly variable with an average polymorphism information content of 0.365. All markers were bi-allelic; and the major allele frequency ranged from 0.388 to 0.871. Population structure analysis of the cultigens revealed the presence of two sub populations. Phylogeny confirmed that the two Mesoamerican species, Amaranthus cruentus and Amaranthus hypochondriacus, were related and distant from the South American species Amaranthus caudatus, which in turn was very closely clustered with Amaranthus quitensis, even though this is considered a weedy relative. The first pair of species were likely to have inter-crossed, while the latter two likely exist in a wild-cultivated hybrid state. In conclusion, the results of this SNP study provided insights on amaranth cultivars and their relationship to wild species, the probable domestication events leading to the cultivars, and possible crop breeding or germplasm conservation strategies.
Gene-Environment Interactions in Schizophrenia: A Literature Review
Authors: Wahbeh Marah H. , Avramopoulos Dimitrios
Published: November 2021

Schizophrenia is a devastating mental illness with a strong genetic component that is the subject of extensive research. Despite the high heritability, it is well recognized that non-genetic factors such as certain infections, cannabis use, psychosocial stress, childhood adversity, urban environment, and immigrant status also play a role. Whenever genetic and non-genetic factors co-exist, interaction between the two is likely. This means that certain exposures would only be of consequence given a specific genetic makeup. Here, we provide a brief review of studies reporting evidence of such interactions, exploring genes and variants that moderate the effect of the environment to increase risk of developing psychosis. Discovering these interactions is crucial to our understanding of the pathogenesis of complex disorders. It can help in identifying individuals at high risk, in developing individualized treatments and prevention plans, and can influence clinical management.
Land-Use Changes in the Sele River Basin Landscape (Southern Italy) between 1960 and 2012: Comparisons and Implications for Soil Erosion Assessment
Authors: Magliulo Paolo , Cusano Angelo , Russo Filippo
Published: November 2021

In river basins, the deep interrelationships between land-use changes, soil erosion and rivers and shoreline dynamics are clearer than at a national or regional scale. Southern Italy is an ecologically fragile, desertification-prone territory where land-use changes in the last decades were significant. Notwithstanding this, studies dealing with multidecadal land-use changes in large-sized river basins of Southern Italy and their implications on soil erosion are missing. In this study, we assessed the land-use changes that occurred between 1960 and 2012 in the 3245 km2-wide Sele River basin. We carried out GIS-aided comparisons and analysis of two land-use maps and interpreted the results in terms of soil erosion intensity based on a detailed review of the scientific literature. The results confirmed the trend of the inner areas of Italy and, in particular, of the Campania region moving towards more pristine conditions, with an increase in forest cover, mainly at the expense of grasslands. Agricultural areas remained substantially unchanged, while the area of urban settlements increased. The diffuse afforestation of slopes suggested an overall decrease in soil erosion intensity, which was fully coherent with the geomorphological evolution of both the Sele River and local shoreline reported in literature.
Influence of the Position of Mango Fruit on the Tree (Mangifera indica L. CV. ‘Zibda’) on Chilling Sensitivity and Antioxidant Enzyme Activity
Authors: Lo’ay A. A. , Mostafa Nada A. , Al-Qahtani Salem Mesfir , Al-Harbi Nadi Awad , Hassan Sabry , Abdein Mohamed A.
Published: November 2021

Mango fruits sourced from tropical yields have had a high commercial comeback from being viewed as susceptible to chilling injury under long storage durations. When the fruits are exposed to cold storage, this results in physiological changes due to the side effects of the storage on the fruits, expanding the rates of loss during the period between harvest and marketing. It is difficult to harvest mangoes as the fruits show varying maturities and are located in different positions on the trees. The purpose of this study was to test the idea that fruits’ location on the tree influences how the fruit behaves during cold storage. During two seasons (2019–2020), the impact of on-tree fruit location, i.e., sunny side (SUN; fruit exposed to the sun for most of the day), shade (SHA; fruit grown on the shady side of trees), and inside the canopy (INS; fruit grown inside the tree canopy), on the chilling sensitivity and the activities of antioxidant enzymes of ‘Zibda’ mangos stored at a low temperature (4 ± 1 °C) for 35 days was determined. In contrast to SHA and SUN mangos, INS fruits were shown to be progressively tolerant to low storage temperatures. These fruits also showed the highest activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). In addition, the contents of O2− and H2O2 decreased in INS fruit during storage. Consequently, the cell membrane compartments were maintained, showing low accumulation of both malondialdehyde (MDA) and the protein carbonyl group (PCG) during storage. These results indicate that the fruit positions can also be considered at the time of harvesting for the classification of fruits before cold storage. This classification can also be added to the mango trading protocol to minimize the loss of economic returns by chilling injury.
Discrete-Event Simulation Modeling in Healthcare: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Vázquez-Serrano Jesús Isaac , Peimbert-García Rodrigo E. , Cárdenas-Barrón Leopoldo Eduardo
Published: November 2021

Discrete-event simulation (DES) is a stochastic modeling approach widely used to address dynamic and complex systems, such as healthcare. In this review, academic databases were systematically searched to identify 231 papers focused on DES modeling in healthcare. These studies were sorted by year, approach, healthcare setting, outcome, provenance, and software use. Among the surveys, conceptual/theoretical studies, reviews, and case studies, it was found that almost two-thirds of the theoretical articles discuss models that include DES along with other analytical techniques, such as optimization and lean/six sigma, and one-third of the applications were carried out in more than one healthcare setting, with emergency departments being the most popular. Moreover, half of the applications seek to improve time- and efficiency-related metrics, and one-third of all papers use hybrid models. Finally, the most popular DES software is Arena and Simul8. Overall, there is an increasing trend towards using DES in healthcare to address issues at an operational level, yet less than 10% of DES applications present actual implementations following the modeling stage. Thus, future research should focus on the implementation of the models to assess their impact on healthcare processes, patients, and, possibly, their clinical value. Other areas are DES studies that emphasize their methodological formulation, as well as the development of frameworks for hybrid models.
Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Different Undulatory Underwater Swimming Positions Based on Multi-Body Motion Numerical Simulation Method
Authors: Yang Jin , Li Tianzeng , Chen Zhiya , Zuo Chuan , Li Xiaodong
Published: November 2021

The study of hydrodynamic characteristics of swimming is the main way to optimize the swimming movement. The relationship between position, water depth, and swimming performance of undulatory underwater swimming are one of the main concerns of scholars. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze the swimming performance of three different undulatory underwater swimming positions under various swimming depths using a numerical simulation method based on multi-body motion. The simulation was conducted using 3D incompressible Navier–Stokes equations using the RNG k-ε turbulence closure equations, and in combination with the VOF method thus that we could include the water surface in our calculations. Different swimming depths based on the distance from the shoulder joint center to the initial water surface were considered. The velocity of the shoulder joint center was captured with a swimming motion monitoring system (KiSwim) and compared with the calculated results. The study found that there was a significant difference in the hydrodynamic characteristics of the three undulatory underwater swimming positions (i.e., the dorsal, lateral, and frontal positions) when swimming near the water surface, and the difference decreased as the swimming depth increased. There was a negative correlation (R(dorsal) = −0.928, R(frontal) = −0.937, R(lateral) = −0.930) between the swimming velocities of the three undulatory underwater swimming positions and the water depth (water depth = 0.2–0.7 m) and that the lateral position had the greatest average velocity. Therefore, it is recommended that swimmers travel at least 0.5 m below the water surface in any undulatory underwater swimming position in order to avoid excessive drag forces. As the swimmer approaches the water surface, the lateral position is worth considering, which has better velocity and hydrodynamic advantage than the other two undulatory underwater swimming positions.
Interventions Targeting Bottle and Formula Feeding in the Prevention and Treatment of Early Childhood Caries, Overweight and Obesity: An Integrative Review
Authors: Cheng Heilok , Chen Rebecca , Milosevic Maxim , Rossiter Chris , Arora Amit , Denney-Wilson Elizabeth
Published: November 2021

Overweight, obesity and early childhood caries (ECC) are preventable conditions affecting infants and young children, with increased prevalence in those formula-fed. Previous research has focused on distinct outcomes for oral health and healthy weight gain. However, the aetiology may be linked through overlapping obesogenic and cariogenic feeding behaviours, such as increased sugar exposure through bottle propping and overfeeding. Best-practice bottle feeding and transition to cup use may concurrently reduce overweight, obesity and ECC. This integrative review aimed to identify interventions supporting best-practice formula feeding or bottle cessation and examine the intervention effects on feeding, oral health and weight outcomes. The reviewers searched nine databases and found 27 studies that met the predetermined inclusion criteria. Eighteen studies focused on populations vulnerable to ECC or unhealthy weight gain. All studies focused on carer education; however, only 10 studies utilised behaviour change techniques or theories addressing antecedents to obesogenic or cariogenic behaviours. The outcomes varied: 16 studies reported mixed outcomes, and eight reported worsened post-intervention outcomes. While some studies reported improvements, these were not maintained long-term. Many study designs were at risk of bias. Effective intervention strategies for preventing ECC and child obesity require the holistic use of interdisciplinary approaches, consumer co-design and the use of behavioural change theory.
Dietary Intake Quality Is Affected by Knowledge and Dietary Intake Frequency among Pregnant Women in Muntinlupa, Philippines: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Yamashita Tadashi , Roces Ramon Emilio Daniel , Ladines-Llave Cecilia , Tuliao Maria Teresa Reyes , Kamau Mary Wanjira , Yamada Chika , Tanaka Yuko , Shimazawa Kyoko , Iwamoto Saori , Matsuo Hiroya
Published: November 2021

Improving the nutrition of pregnant women is essential in reducing maternal and child mortality, which is one of the global nutritional goals of 2025. This study evaluated the factors related to the quality of dietary intake among pregnant women in Muntinlupa, Philippines. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 280 pregnant women at a hospital in Muntinlupa from March 2019 to August 2019 using questionnaires. After the primary aggregation, multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with the quality of dietary intake in pregnant women. Approximately half of the women (46.4%, n = 130) had a low dietary diversity during pregnancy. Less than 30% of the respondents consumed beans, soybean products, and nuts. In the logistic regression analysis, poor maternal knowledge of nutritional sources to prevent anemia (odds ratio (OR) 4.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.47–12.32, p = 0.01) and less frequent meal consumption (OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.08–4.29, p = 0.03) were significantly associated with poor dietary diversity. Our findings are crucial because they suggest that increasing the knowledge of pregnant women about good nutrition and ensuring that dietary intake is frequent and adequate through antenatal care can improve the nutrition of pregnant women.
Gender and Observed Complexity in Palliative Home Care: A Prospective Multicentre Study Using the HexCom Model
Authors: Busquet-Duran Xavier , Moreno-Gabriel Eduard , Jiménez-Zafra Eva Maria , Tura-Poma Magda , Bosch-DelaRosa Olga , Moragas-Roca Anna , Martin-Moreno Susana , Martínez-Losada Emilio , Crespo-Ramírez Silvia , Lestón-Lado Lola , Salamero-Tura Núria , Llobera-Estrany Joana , Salvago-Leiracha Ariadna , López-García Ana Isabel , Manresa-Domínguez Josep María , Morandi-Garde Teresa , Persentili-Viure Eda Sara , Torán-Monserrat Pere
Published: November 2021

This study analyses gender differences in the complexity observed in palliative home care through a multicentre longitudinal observational study of patients with advanced disease treated by palliative home care teams in Catalonia (Spain). We used the HexCom model, which includes six dimensions and measures three levels of complexity: high (non-modifiable situation), medium (difficult) and low. Results: N = 1677 people, 44% women. In contrast with men, in women, cancer was less prevalent (64.4% vs. 73.9%) (p < 0.001), cognitive impairment was more prevalent (34.1% vs. 26.6%; p = 0.001) and professional caregivers were much more common (40.3% vs. 24.3%; p < 0.001). Women over 80 showed less complexity in the following subareas: symptom management (41.7% vs. 51,1%; p = 0.011), emotional distress (24.5% vs. 32.8%; p = 0.015), spiritual distress (16.4% vs. 26.4%; p = 0.001), socio-familial distress (62.7% vs. 70.1%; p = 0.036) and location of death (36.0% vs. 49.6%; p < 0.000). Men were more complex in the subareas of “practice” OR = 1.544 (1.25–1.90 p = 0.000) and “transcendence” OR = 1.52 (1.16–1.98 p = 0.002). Observed complexity is related to male gender in people over 80 years of age. Women over the age of 80 are remarkably different from their male counterparts, showing less complexity regarding care for their physical, psycho-emotional, spiritual and socio-familial needs.
Externalities of Lean Implementation in Medical Laboratories. Process Optimization vs. Adaptation and Flexibility for the Future
Authors: Apostu Simona Andreea , Vasile Valentina , Veres Cristina
Published: November 2021

Important in testing services in medical laboratories is the creation of a flexible balance between quality-response time and minimizing the cost of the service. Beyond the different Lean methods implemented so far in the medical sector, each company can adapt the model according to its needs, each company has its own specifics and organizational culture, and Lean implementation will have a unique approach. Therefore, this paper aims to identify the concerns of specialists and laboratory medical services sector initiatives in optimizing medical services by implementing the Lean Six Sigma method in its various variants: a comparative analysis of the implemented models, with emphasis on measuring externalities and delimiting trends in reforming/modernizing the method, a comprehensive approach to the impact of this method implementation, and an analysis of available databases in order to underline the deficit and information asymmetry. The results highlighted that in the case of clinical laboratories, the Lean Six Sigma method is conducive to a reduction of cases of diagnostic errors and saves time but also faces challenges and employees’ resistance in implementation.
Construction and Evaluation of a High-Frequency Hearing Loss Screening Tool for Community Residents
Authors: Wang Yi , Ye Chengyin , Wang Dahui , Li Chenhui , Wang Shichang , Li Jinmei , Wu Jinghua , Wang Xiaozhen , Xu Liangwen
Published: November 2021

Early screening and detection of individuals at high risk of high-frequency hearing loss and identification of risk factors are critical to reduce the prevalence at community level. However, unlike those for individuals facing occupational auditory hazards, a limited number of hearing loss screening models have been developed for community residents. Therefore, this study used lasso regression with 10-fold cross-validation for feature selection and model construction on 38 questionnaire-based variables of 4010 subjects and applied the model to training and testing cohorts to obtain a risk score. The model achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.844 in the model validation stage and individuals’ risk scores were subsequently stratified into low-, medium-, and high-risk categories. A total of 92.79% (1094/1179) of subjects in the high-risk category were confirmed to have hearing loss by audiometry test, which was 3.7 times higher than that in the low-risk group (25.18%, 457/1815). Half of the key indicators were related to modifiable contexts, and they were identified as significantly associated with the incident hearing loss. These results demonstrated that the developed model would be feasible to identify residents at high risk of hearing loss via regular community-level health examinations and detecting individualized risk factors, and eventually provide precision interventions.
Adverse Childhood Experiences and Oral Health Outcomes in U.S. Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study of the 2016 National Survey of Children’s Health
Authors: Simon Alyssa , Cage Jamie , Akinkugbe Aderonke A.
Published: November 2021

This study investigated the cross-sectional associations between exposure to nine Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and U.S. children’s and adolescent’s oral health outcomes. Data from 41,294 participants of the 2016 National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH) were analyzed. Past year exposure to ACE, oral health outcomes (decayed teeth, bleeding gums, and condition of the teeth), and child and caregiver sociodemographic factors were self-reported. Using SAS v. 9.4, propensity score weighted, multilevel survey-logistic regression estimated adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) of the proposed associations. The overall mean (SE) age was 8.9 (0.1) years with 51% being male. Fifty-four percent (54%) identified as non-Hispanic white, and 12% as non-Hispanic black. The prevalence of the nine ACE measures ranged from 3% for caregiver death to 25% for financial hardship and parental divorce. Children who experienced caregiver mental illness, when compared to those who did not, were more likely to report decayed teeth (AOR: 1.73 (95% CI: 1.24, 2.42)) and the condition of their teeth as fair/poor (AOR: 1.60, 95% CI: 0.61, 4.19). Children in households with financial hardship were about twice as likely to report dental caries (AOR: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.50, 2.29) and have fair/poor teeth (AOR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.40, 2.51) and bleeding gums (AOR: 2.39, 95% CI: 1.48, 3.86). ACEs appear to be associated with worse oral health outcomes among children and adolescents. Nevertheless, the cross-sectional nature of this study precludes a causal interpretation of these findings and necessitates more research to elucidate the oral health impacts of exposure to ACEs in longitudinal follow-up studies.
Description of New Ground Spider Species (Gnaphosidae, Araneae) from Mainland Greece
Authors: Chatzaki Maria
Published: November 2021

In the course of an extensive sampling of ground spiders in mainland Greece, six new species, namely, Civizelotes akmon n.sp., Drassyllus centrohellenicus n.sp., Drassyllus covid n.sp., Drassyllus dadianus n.sp., Phaeocedus similaris n.sp., and Zeloteshistio n.sp., all belonging to the family Gnaphosidae Banks, 1892, were identified and are described. Furthermore, taxonomic comments on Civizelotes gracilis (Canestrini, 1868) and its relationship with C. pygmaeus (Miller, 1943), Drassyllus dadia Komnenov & Chatzaki, 2016, as well as on Zelotes olympi (Kulczyński, 1903) and its relationship with Z. talpinus (L. Koch, 1872) are provided. Drassodes omalosis Roewer, 1928 is removed from the synonymy of D. unicolor (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) and the species is revalidated.
Modernization of the recycling and recycling system
Authors: Baulin N. K.
Published: November 2021

The article contains the motivation of the need to form a system for the utilization of equipment, the results of calculations of financial resources necessary for the creation of this system in the next 2–3 years.This article also contains the basic provisions of the strategy for the development of a unified system of recycling of equipment, which can form the basis for the development of an official version of such a strategy.The development and implementation of a unified strategy for the disposal of equipment will ensure a positive effect by all participants in the recycling process, which nationwide can be measured in tens of billions of rubles by many thousands of new jobs.
A poldernederlands holland nyelvváltozat társadalmi megítélése
Authors: Berg Lexa Lora
Published: November 2021

Jelen dolgozatom Renée van Bezooijen és Rob van den Berg 2001-es, a poldernederlands holland  nyelvváltozat társadalmi megítéléséről szóló kutatásának a follow-up researche. Teljesülni látszik az a hipotézis, hogy a korábbi kutatásokban felismerhető tendencia, miszerint a poldernederlands egyre elfogadottabbá válik, ma is folytatódik. A férfiak és nők véleménye közti különbség eltűnt, de a fiatalok (főleg a 18–25 év közöttiek) valamennyivel még mindig pozitívabban ítélik meg a poldernederlands nyelvváltozatot. A kutatás alapján kijelenthető, hogy a poldernederlands és a sztenderd holland nyelvváltozat megítélése már nem különbözik nagyban egymástól.

Dit is een vervolgonderzoek op dat van Renée van Bezooijen en Rob van den Berg uit 2001 naar de sociale perceptie van het Poldernederlands. De hypothese dat de tendens dat het Poldernederlands steeds positiever wordt beoordeeld, die in vorige onderzoeken herkenbaar is, zich zou voortzetten, werd bevestigd. Uit het onderzoek bleek dat het verschil tussen de perceptie van mannen en vrouwen verdwenen is maar dat jongeren (vooral die tussen 18 25) nog steeds een ietwat positievere perceptie hebben van het Poldernederlands. O.b.v. het onderzoek kan worden vastgesteld dat de perceptie van het Standaardnederlands en het Poldernederlands niet veel meer van elkaar verschillen.
Ellen Key és Camilla Collett: egy életre szóló olvasmányélmény
Authors: Poros Andrea
Published: November 2021

A 19. és a 20. század fordulóján nem volt újság, mely ne közölt volna hírt Ellen Keyről. Korának egyik vezető intellektuellje volt. Sokat írt és publikált. A nők házasságon belüli helyzetének és jogainak témája kiemelt szerepet kapott írásaiban. Az a tény, hogy ezt a megkülönböztető figyelmet a kérdés iránt egy regény, mégpedig Camilla Collett A kormányzó lányai című regényének elolvasása keltette fel, majd újbóli olvasása tartotta ébren, különösen érdekessé teszi a témát. A tanulmány azt tűzi ki céljául, hogy bemutassa, milyen hatással volt a regény Ellen Key írói munkásságára a történelmi események, társadalmi és irodalmi irányzatok tükrében.
Frau als Objekt in den früheren Werken von Elfriede Jelinek
Authors: Andreevna Sivolobova Irina
Published: November 2021

Im Beitrag werden die Besonderheiten der weiblichen Figuren in Elfriede Jelineks zwei früheren Texten (Was geschah, nachdem Nora ihren Mann verlassen hatte oder Stützen der Gesellschaften und Liebhaberinnen) analysiert. Das wichtigste Ausdrucksmittel für die Darstellung der Protagonistinnen ist ihre Vergegenständlichung. Jelinek visualisiert und groteskisiert den für die patriarchalische Gesellschaft charakteristischen Prozess der Vergegenständlichung der Frau als Vergegenständlichung des weiblichen Körpers auf verschiedene Weise: durch die Verstärkung der Bedeutung des weiblichen Körpers und durch die Zerstückelung des Körperbildes. In Jelineks Texten werden Frauen mit ihren „weiblichen“ Funktionen identifiziert. Dadurch wird die Objektivierung nicht als abstrakter Prozess dargestellt, sondern visuell: Sie wird buchstäblich durch die Verdinglichung, die Verwandlung der Frauen in Dinge ausgedrückt.
Upaya Deteksi Dini Risiko Tinggi Kehamilan Ditentukan Oleh Pengetahuan Dan Pemeriksaan Kehamilan Di Pulau Osi
Authors: Windari Arindiah Puspo , Lohy Sri Ayu
Published: November 2021

The most common cause of maternal death is bleeding (30.3%), followed by hypertension in pregnancy (27.1%), infection (7%). Other causes, 45%, are quite large, including non-obstetric causes. High maternal mortality is also caused by the high number of unexpected pregnancies. Approximately 65% of pregnancies still occur because "4 too" associated with pregnancies "too young (less than 20 years)," too old: (more than 35 years), "too often (pregnancy interval less than 2 years," too many”(more than 3 children). Most maternal deaths can be prevented if adequate treatment is provided in health care facilities. Time and transportation factors are very decisive in referring to high-risk cases. Therefore, detection of risk factors in mothers is good by personnel. Health and society is one of the important efforts in preventing death and morbidity. To avoid the risk of complications in pregnancy and childbirth, every pregnant woman needs at least 4 antenatal care, namely once in the first trimester (0-12 weeks gestation), one times in the second trimester (12-24 weeks of gestation), and twice in the second trimester third steer (24 weeks gestation until delivery). Keywords: Early Detection Of High Risk Pregnancy, Pregnancy Test.
Pelatihan Senam Hamil Pada Ibu Trimester III Di Desa Namasula
Authors: Kiriwenno Erlin , Rattu Oktovina Sofiah , Rumbia Jumita
Published: November 2021

Women who are young pregnant will feel nauseous, vomiting, chills and weakness. This feeling of nausea and vomiting will decrease until the first trimester ends. In the second trimester the body has begun to adapt and the feeling of nausea and vomiting has begun to decrease. However, in the third trimester, complaints caused by enlargement of the stomach, anatomical changes and hormonal changes will cause the appearance of complaints in pregnant women. These complaints include lower back pain, shortness of breath, varicose veins, haemorrhoid, sleep disorders, diastasis recti, pelvic pain and others. One of the complaints of pregnant women is sleep disorders that are often experienced by pregnant women, even though the pregnancy is normal. Pregnancy exercise is a form of antenatal care. Pregnancy exercise has been shown to help change the body's metabolism during pregnancy. Pregnancy exercise will help heart function so that pregnant women will feel healthier and don't feel short of breath Exercise and relaxation techniques during pregnancy are needed to reduce anxiety for pregnant women. Pregnancy exercise is one of the sports activities that mothers can do during pregnancy. The benefits of pregnancy exercise include mental and physical preparation of pregnant women in order to achieve a physiological, natural and comfortable delivery, as well as strengthening the pelvic floor muscles to prepare for pushing and to achieve optimal relaxation during pregnancy to delivery, both physically and psychologically.Keywords: pregnancy exercise, pregnancy.
Penyuluhan Tentang Teknik Menyusui Pada Ibu Menyusui
Authors: Mayasari Windatania , Astutui Asih Dwi , Rukhuwa Sarah
Published: November 2021

Breastfeeding is a government program that must be carried out by mothers after giving birth until the baby is 6 months or even 2 years old. However, it cannot be denied that the fact among the community shows that the breastfeeding process is actually not easy, many mothers fail in the breastfeeding process. The breastfeeding technique is a method of breastfeeding that is done by a mother to a baby, in order to meet the baby's nutritional needs. The breastfeeding technique is a way of giving breast milk to the baby by bringing the mother and baby's body position closer together correctly. Achieve successful breastfeeding requires knowledge of breastfeeding techniques.Keywords: breastfeeding technique, breastfeeding mothers.
La carte et le trottoir : devenirs d’un atlas cacotopique chez Jean Bofane et Chéri Samba
Authors: Chavoz Ninon
Published: November 2021

Partant du constat d’une forte présence de l’objet cartographique dans le champ de l’art contemporain africain, cet article s’attache à élucider le sens assigné à la réappropriation contemporaine de l’atlas. La subversion cartographique recèle à ce titre un double enjeu, à la fois postcolonial et géocritique : en revisitant la mappemonde, artistes et écrivains s’attachent non seulement à ébranler un des outils majeurs de la conquête coloniale, mais également à dénoncer l’illusion d’une représentation objective, lisible et surplombante. L’examen comparé des oeuvres de Jean Bofane et de Chéri Samba tend ainsi à la mise en évidence d’un renversement systématique des perspectives et d’une volonté de reconfiguration ludique qui brouille les frontières réelles et imaginaires de la mappemonde.
Un poète arménien à Gand – cent ans après
Authors: Van Nuffelen Peter , Payaslian Simon
Published: November 2021

Le but du dossier est, d’abord, d’étudier, à travers le prisme du poète arménien Daniel Varoujan, étudiant à Gand de 1905 à 1909, les échanges entre la Belgique et l’Empire ottoman et les expériences d’étudiants provenant de cette région à Gand. Ainsi des études sur des étudiant étrangers (P. De Messemaeker et C. Verbruggen) mais aussi l’attitude de l’opinion publique belge vis-à-vis la question arménienne (H. Alloul et H. De Smaele) sont incluses, tout comme des études sur la vie précaire de Varoujan à Gand (S. Payaslian) et ses publications françaises à Gand (E. Delacenserie). Deuxièmement, le dossier cherche à cerner l’influence que l’expérience à l’étranger peut avoir eu sur la production littéraire, avec les études de K. Beledian et M. Nichanian. L’introduction introduit la figure de Varoujan et son oeuvre au lecteur et offre ainsi un cadre pour situer les études qui suivent.
Daniel Varoujan à l’Université de Gand (1905-1909)
Authors: Payaslian Simon
Published: November 2021

Although works on Daniel Varoujan often refer to his years at Ghent University, there is to date no publication focusing specifically on his studies at Ghent. This is the first study to employ the archives of Ghent University as well as the archives of the city of Ghent, in addition to the archives in Yerevan, Armenia, to offer a detailed attention to Varoujan’s studies at the University. The city archives were used to identify his addresses of residence in Ghent. During his first semester at Ghent University in the fall of 1905, Varoujan audited courses in literature and philosophy, but upon formal matriculation beginning in January 1906 he changed his field to political economy and sociology but also took courses in history, psychology, and law. Varoujan concluded his studies at Ghent in 1909 and returned to his hometown Brgnik as a mature intellectual and a prolific poet deeply influenced by his education at Ghent University.
« J’ai vu l’Europe ». Daniel Varoujan : le temps de la destruction des images
Authors: Beledian Krikor
Published: November 2021

L’oeuvre de Varoujan se constitue autour d’une expérience de l’étranger placée d’emblée sous le signe du pictural. C’est l’image qui le fascine, dans le cadre apparent d’une problématique, héritée de la Renaissance, des rapports de la peinture et de la poésie. Quelle place occupe l’art pictural dans l’oeuvre du poète ? Quel sens revêt-il réellement ? La fascination de l’image et de la pensée imageante qu’on trouve dans cette oeuvre résiste-t-elle à l’événement catastrophique, dont l’oeuvre de Varoujan est l’exact contemporain (les massacres de 1909 à Adana) et qui ne peut que la défaire ? Quel est son impact sur l’écriture poétique ? Ce sont ces questions qui guident cet essai.
(Re)découvertes des journaux d’écrivains polonais du XXe siècle : problèmes et méthodes
Authors: Rodak Paweł
Published: November 2021

Partant de l’hypothèse de l’évolution du statut des journaux des écrivains polonais au 20e siècle de la pratique quotidienne de l’écriture à la littérature, l’article analyse leur évolution en termes de pratique quotidienne d’écriture dont les trois aspects principaux sont la pratique elle-même (dans son aspect performatif et fonctionnel), la textualité (la place que le journal occupe dans la vie de l’écrivain et ses fonctions) et la matérialité (notamment les supports du journal utilisés). Sur la base d’une typologie allant des journaux privés aux journaux privés / littéraires et jusqu’aux journaux littéraires, les grandes étapes de l’évolution des journaux des écrivains polonais ont ainsi été définies, avec une attention particulière aux pratiques de réécriture et de modification des notes, ainsi qu’un éclairage particulier sur le rôle de la motivation pour l’écriture et sur la fonction du journal.
Deux diaristes à Breslau sous le Troisième Reich : Walter Tausk et Willy Cohn. Lecture et comparaison de leurs journaux intimes
Authors: Augustyns Annelies
Published: November 2021

Deux hommes vivant dans la même ville, tous deux vétérans de la Première Guerre mondiale et subissant le même sort : la déportation en Lituanie en 1941. Walter Tausk et Willy Cohn sont deux diaristes de Breslau dont les journaux intimes très différents renseignent sur la situation spécifique de cette ville sous le régime de terreur nazi, mais aussi sur la possibilité d’approches divergentes à une situation similaire. L’un considère son journal intime comme un témoignage important, l’autre semble plutôt prêter attention à la perspective du «moi » . L’un est témoin direct de la Reichskristallnacht, l’autre décrit les informations qu’il a entendues. Dans ce qui suit, nous analyserons les journaux intimes Kein Recht, nirgends. Tagebuch vom Untergang des Breslauer Judentums 1933-1941 de Willy Cohn (2006) et Breslauer Tagebuch 1933-1940 de Walter Tausk (1975) à trois niveaux : au niveau du contenu, au niveau stylistique et au niveau fonctionnel. Nous saisirons les ressemblances et les différences entre ces journaux, qui constituent l’une des plus importantes sources de la vie quotidienne à Breslau sous le Troisième Reich.
Une collégiale dépendant d’une abbaye bénédictine : l’église d’Orp-le-Grand et l’abbaye de Florennes (diocèse de Liège, XIe siècle)
Authors: Hainaux Anne
Published: November 2021

L’église Saint-Martin et Sainte-Adèle d’Orp-le-Grand est une grande église romane qui présente les caractéristiques architecturales d’une abbatiale ou d’une collégiale. Cependant, on ne savait rien jusqu’à présent de la communauté qui a desservi l’église au Moyen Âge. Le présent article élucide cette question, grâce à l’analyse d’actes des

xie et xiie siècles. Il en ressort que l’église d’Orp était desservie par les chanoines de Saint-Gengulphe de Florennes, jusqu’à la fin du xiie siècle (1192) au moins. L’église d’Orp est donc un nouvel exemple d’une église desservie par une communauté de chanoines dépendant d’une abbaye bénédictine. Un autre point obscur de l’histoire d’Orp-le-Grand est le rôle qu’y a joué une certaine Alpaïde. Il ressort d’un acte passé inaperçu jusqu’à présent qu’Alpaïde, qui faisait partie de la puissante famille des Florennes, possédait l’église d’Orp et en a fait don à l’abbaye de Florennes. Ce don doit avoir eu lieu entre 1033 et 1037 ; les travaux de construction de l’église romane ont débuté peu après, et les chanoines de Saint-Gengulphe furent installés dans la nouvelle collégiale. À ce jour, le souvenir d’Alpaïde est toujours vivant à Orp, quoiqu’il ait été déformé par des récits légendaires.
Destroyed and Destructed. A Multidisciplinary Study of Drowned Coxyde
Authors: de Ruijsscher Dante
Published: November 2021

Het dorp Coxyde, samenvallend met de parochie Beniardskerke, was gelegen op de zuidelijke oever van de oostelijke arm van het Zwin, in het huidige West-Zeeuws-Vlaanderen. Hoewel de vroegste geschiedenis van het dorp slecht gekend is, kan met zekerheid gesteld worden dat de parochie Beniardskerke ontstond in de volle middeleeuwen. De haven van Coxyde deelde mee in het economische succes van Brugge en zijn voorhavens tijdens de late middeleeuwen. Ten gevolge van een combinatie van economische neergang, politieke spelletjes en oorlogsschade, kromp het dorp tijdens de vijftiende en zestiende eeuw. Coxyde verdween voorgoed uit het landschap omwille van de inundatie van de regio tijdens de Tachtigjarige Oorlog, waardoor het deel uitmaakt van de zogenaamde verdronken dorpen van Zeeland. Dankzij een interdisciplinair onderzoek, waarbij historische bronnen, remote sensing technieken en een archeologische veldkartering werden gecombineerd, was het mogelijk om de locatie van individuele landschapselementen van het dorp en de hoofdlijnen van de ontwikkeling te achterhalen.
Le réalignement comme outil de modernisation de la voirie ancienne à Bruxelles, 1807-1881
Authors: Schlesser Thomas
Published: November 2021

In de loop van de negentiende eeuw ondergaat de Brusselse straat ingrijpende veranderingen : verbreed, rechtgetrokken, geplaveid en voorzien van stoepen, waardoor een specifiek stedelijk landschap ontstaat. De praktijk van herschikking van de rooilijn speelt een sleutelrol in dit moderniseringsproces. Opgestart in 1807, wordt deze methode van herschikking in Brussel systematisch toegepast in de jaren 1840. De evolutie van de circulatiestromen, de ontwikkeling van de spoorwegen en de invloed van het streven naar hygiëne, leiden de administratie ertoe een «volledig nieuw systeem » van stratenpatroon te ontwerpen, geconcretiseerd door het opstellen van een algemeen plan van rooilijnen voor Brussel, waarvan de ambitie snel in conflict komt met de complexiteit van de uitvoering. Gereviseerd, gesystematiseerd en vervolgens verlaten ten gunste van nieuwe stedelijke oplossingen, illustreert de herschikking van de rooilijn de kloof tussen de ideale stad, gewenst door haar elites, en de «perfect onvolmaakte » stad (M. Darin) gevormd door opeenvolgende ingrepen op lange termijn.
Le recrutement des travailleurs italiens destinés aux mines belges d’après-guerre : tensions et conflits d’un processus pas si simple
Authors: Baldi Giada
Published: November 2021

The post-war migration between Italy and Belgium rested upon a mechanism of group recruitment, of which the Italian government was largely in charge. Whenever required, the immigration country had to transmit to the Italian government the requested number of workers. The Italian Labour Department had to search for the candidates who were then presented to the Belgian Mission at the Emigration Centre in Milan, for final selection. Both the mining industry and the Belgian authorities were unsatisfied with the preselection carried out by Italy. In fact, they considered that too many migrants who did not meet the recruitment conditions arrived at the Emigration Centre, During the ten years’ organized migration of Italians for the Belgian coalmines, Fédéchar – with the Belgian government’s tacit consent – pursued a threefold objective : it looked for a way to improve the performance of what was considered a defective Italian administration, it wanted to impose its proper selection criteria, and it was eager to avoid that “ undesirable” candidates had an opportunity to emigrate to Belgium. Pursuing these objectives, they undermined in fact the Italian recruitment monopoly.
Validity and Reliability of Persian Version of Henry Ford Hospital Headache Disability Inventory Questionnaire
Authors: Jabbari Saber , Salahzadeh Zahra , Sarbakhsh Parvin , Rezaei Mandana , Farhoudi Mehdi , Ghodrati Maryam
Published: November 2021

Background: A limited number of headache disability indices exist that can evaluate and manage different disabilities related to headache among Iranian patients. Objective: This study aimed to translate and validate the Persian version of the Henry Ford headache disability inventory (HDI). Methods: The original questionnaire was translated and culturally adapted to the Persian setting. A total of 250 patients with chronic headache were enrolled in this study. The questionnaire’s face validity, content validity, and convergent validity with Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) were evaluated and a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted. Its internal consistency was also assessed and its short- and long-term test-retest reliability were examined by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results: The content validity indices were 0.85, 0.99, and 0.97 for simplicity, relevance, and clarity, respectively. The content validity ratio was calculated as one for all items. The findings of CFA confirmed that this index had a good fit. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.91, 0.82, and 0.86 for the entire questionnaire as well as its functional and emotional subscales, respectively. The ICC was also calculated as 0.97 for the total inventory. The convergent validity showed significant negative correlations between HDI and short-form health survey items. Conclusion: The validity and reliability of the Persian version of the HDI were confirmed. This questionnaire can explore the disabilities of Persian-speaking people with headache disorders.