bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KREATIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN DARING UNTUK PELAJAR SEKOLAH MENENGAH DALAM PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Afghani Dzulfiqar Restu
Published: January 2021

Penutupan sementara lembaga pendidikan sebagai upaya menahan penyebaran pendemi covid-19 di seluruh dunia berdampak pada jutaan pelajar, tidak kecuali di Indonesia. Gangguan dalam proses belajar langsung antara siswa dan guru dan pembatalan penilaian belajar berdampak pada psikologis anak didik dan menurunnya kualitas keterampilan murid. seluruh aktivitas umumnya dilakukan di rumah melalui sistem dalam jaringan (daring). Dengan menggunakan sistem daring teknologi mendorong siswa agar bisa lebih inovatif dan kreatif dalam belajar (student centered learning).penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) Menganalisis wawasan lebih tentang pendidikan kreatif melalui media pembelajaran daring yang berhadapan langsung di masa pandemic covid-19. 2) Mendeskripsikan seberapa tinggi kekreatifan peserta didik dalam berpikir. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian referensi. Keabsahan data dengan menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan perpanjangan waktu. Teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode komparasi konstanta. Hasil penelitian ini ada dua 1) Mengetahui pentingnya kreativitas siswa dalam pembelajaran daring 2) Strategi mengatasi masalah bagi siswa yang memiliki keterbatasan ruang untuk memperoleh kreativitas pendidikan daring di saat pendemi covid-19

Kata kunci: covid-19, kreativitas , pembelajaran daring
Tahapan Pengembangan Koleksi Disabilitas Di Perpustakaan Perguruan Tinggi (Studi Kasus Perpustakaan UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta)
Authors: Yusma Sari Riazmi , Masruri Anis
Published: January 2021

The core process of activities in a library is to develop collections for the advancement of knowledge sources. Collection development in this research is in the library of Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University of Yogyakarta. This study aims to determine the stages of collection development at the UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta library, and its object, namely students with disabilities.

 

This research uses a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques used in this study were through observation and interviews. Observations were carried out by directly jumping into the field to explore information related to the stages of collection development, and interviews were conducted with Mrs. Dra. Ida Nor'aini Hadna, M.Pd (Kobid Technical Services) and Isrowiyanti (Information Kour).

Based on this research, it was concluded that the stages of collection development offered by Evans with 6 components of activities consisting of community analysis in this case the user community, selection policy, selection, procurement, weeding, and evaluation. This theory is applied in the Sunan Kalijaga UIN Yogyakarta library. Normal students and people with disabilities at UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta have the same knowledge needs, grouped in the same class. But in this case what distinguishes it is the way to access that is done by students with disabilities with the addition of assistance through audio and visual media and others.
A RANCANGAN PROGRAM PELATIHAN KARAKTER KREATIF PADA MAHASISWA UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA
Authors: Wulan Dwi
Published: January 2021

Creative ideas are not only generated from creative thinking, but also need to be supported by individual creative character (nonaptitude creativity). This study aims to obtain data about problems in developing creative characters in students. The results showed aspects of creative characters that still need to be developed are high curiosity, like challenges and dare to take risks. Based on this we design a training program to develope creative character. This training program focuses on providing learning through direct experienced, in order to develop aspects high curiosity, like challenges and dare to take risks of students
Hubungan Keterlibatan Ibu dan Self-compassion pada Orangtua Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus
Authors: Ali Mauna
Published: January 2021

This study aims to look at the relationship between maternal involvement and self-compassion in parentsof children with special needs. Maternal involvement is defined as maternal involvement in aspects of allchild's life seen from two different domains, namely affective and behavior. Self-compassion is the abilityof someone who can give attention and kindness to themselves when facing difficulties in life.Researchers use quantitative methods with a psychological scale. Mother Involvement was measuredusing’s the Nurturance Mothering Scales & Mother Involvement Scale developed by Finley & Schwartz,and the self-compassion was measured by Self-compassion Scale developed by Neff. The sample usedwas 165 people. Sampling uses non probability sampling. Method of data analysis in testing multiplehypotheses using correlation techniques. The results showed a significant relationship between maternalinvolvement with self-compassion with a value of r = 0.041
 0.05.
Analisis Faktor Adaptasi Instrumen Resiliensi Akademik Versi Indonesia: Pendekatan Eksploratori dan Konfirmatori
Authors: Dewi Kumalasari  , Azmi Luthfiyani Noor , Grasiawaty Novika
Published: January 2021

Academic resilience is an individual response to overcome the academic difficulties they face. Academic resilience has three dimensions, namely perseverance, which reflects behavioral responses, reflecting and adaptive help-seeking, which reflects cognitive responses and negative affect and emotional responses that reflect the affective dimension. The Academic Resilience Scale (ARS-30) is the latest instrument that measures academic resilience. To be used in Indonesia, an adaptation process is needed to suit the context and culture in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to validate the adaptation of ARS-30 to produce a valid and reliable measurement model. Adaptation is carried out following guidelines issued by the International Test Commission. Based on the results of reliability testing, EFA and CFA using JASP note that ARS-Indonesia is valid and reliable in measuring academic resilience. The final ARS-Indonesia fit model can be seen in the results section.
Hubungan antara persepsi dukungan sosial dan resiliensi pada orang tua anak berkebutuhan khusus
Authors: Ali Mauna , Gazadinda Rahmadianty , Rahma Novaria
Published: January 2021

This study aims to determine the relationship between perceived social support and resilience in parents of children with special needs. This study was conducted to determine whether parents who have children with special needs have a perception of a good support and have become individuals who are resilient in living their daily lives. This research uses quantitative research methods. The instrument used in this study is the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) for the perceived social social support and Connor Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) for resilience variables. The sample in this study amounted to 164 parents who have children with special needs. This research uses purposive sampling technique. The results of this study indicate that there is a significant relationship between the perceived social support and resilience in parents of children with special needs. The correlation coefficient value of the two variables is 0.470 which indicates that the relationship between variables is positive.
Potential of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) as alternative protein source in salmonid feeds - A review
Authors: Papuc Tudor , Boaru Anca , Ladosi Daniela , Struti Danut , Georgescu Bogdan
Published: January 2021

The current constant pressure on fishmeal production for aquaculture feeds stresses the need to search for alternative sources of protein. A possible protein ingredient is insect meal, being more cost effective than fishmeal and soybean meal. Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae meal is used in many studies with positive results regarding the bioproductive performances of salmonids. The balanced amino acid profile is comparable with the one of soybean meal. The crude protein and amino acid digestibility is high and similar to that of fishmeal. For rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), the protein biological value of the larvae is qualitatively lower than that of fishmeal. Atlantic salmon fed with experimental diets with larvae meal showed high bioproductive performances and a better protein biological value compared with salmon fed with a standard fishmeal diet. However, the nutritional quality and chemical composition of the larvae can be drastically improved through the feeding media, which make it a very interesting candidate as a substitute for fishmeal. The aim of this review is to present the current stage of H. illucens use in salmonid feeds, detailing the chemical composition and protein quality. Furthermore, the effect of larvae meal based diets on salmonids is presented.
Co-infection of bacterial and parasitic pathogens including the brain myxosporean Zschokkella auratis in farmed striped murrel Channa striata (Bloch, 1793) causing large scale mortality
Authors: Paul Anirban , Pattanayak Sabyasachi , Sahoo Manoj Kumar , Rajesh Kumar P. , Kumar Rajesh , Sahoo P K.
Published: January 2021

Co-infections in fish by the wide array of pathogens have been little researched, although such infections are commonly noticed in nature. A murrel farm recorded 100% mortality in adults of Channa striata within 3-4 days of infection during winter. The clinical signs included cloudy eyes, excess mucus secretion, haemorrhages on the body, lethargy and anorexia in C. striata before mortality. Heavy infection with Ichthyophthirius multifiliis on the body surface and Zschokkella auratis, a new myxosporean to this country, in the brain tissue were detected by wet mount microscopy and 18s rDNA sequencing, respectively. Histological sections of the brain also demonstrated the presence of myxosporean cyst. Examination of eye fluid and eye tissue revealed the presence of bacterium Acinetobacter baumannii and blood samples containing Aeromonas sobria and Klebsiella pneumoniae were detected under 16s rDNA and species-specific PCRs followed by sequencing. Interestingly, samples collected from infected fishes also revealed multiple parasitic pathogens viz., Epistylis sp., Trichodina sp., Argulus siamensis and Ergasilus sp. Thus, it was delineated that prolonged low water temperature might be playing one of the influential roles in creating stress in fish, thus making the fish susceptible to complicated or mixed bacterial and parasitic infections.
Prioritization of predisposing factors of gingival hyperplasia during orthodontic treatment: the role of amount of biofilm.
Authors: VINCENT-BUGNAS Séverine , BORSA Leslie , GRUSS Apolline , LUPI Laurence
Published: January 2021

Background: The mechanism of gingival growth that may occur during fixed orthodontic treatment is not yet fully understood and the amount of dental plaque is often incriminated. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of gingival growth during multi-attachment orthodontic treatment and to prioritize its predicting factors, especially the quantity of biofilm. Methods: This comprehensive cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on orthodontic patients aged 9 to 30 years, in good health, treated by a fixed appliance. Periodontal clinical parameters such as plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth, periodontal phenotype and gingival enhancement index were recorded. Likewise, the brushing habits and the date of the last scaling were noted. The orthodontic parameters studied were the duration of the treatment, the type of bracket, the alloys used for the arches and the type of ligatures. Descriptive statistics were carried out, and variables presenting p value < 0.25 were included in a multivariate analysis to calculate the Odds Ratio (OR) of gingival enlargement".Results: A total of 193 patients were included (16.38 ± 4.89 years). Gingival growth occurred for 49.7% of patients included. The predisposing factors for this pathology during fixed orthodontic treatment were conventional metal brackets (p = 0.021), mouth breathing (p = 0.040), male gender (p = 0.035), thick periodontal phenotype (p = 0.043), elastomeric ligations (p = 0.007), duration of treatment (p = 0.022) and presence of plaque (p = 0.004). After achievement of the logistic regression, only two factors remained related to gingival enlargement: metallic brackets (OR:3.5, 95% CI:1.1- 10.55) and duration of treatment (OR:2.03, 95% CI:1.01-4.08). The amount of plaque would not be directly related to the development of gingival increase during orthodontic treatment. Conclusions: Among the predisposing factors that underlie gingival growth during multi-attachment therapy, the amount of plaque is not found. The qualitative assessment of the plaque and its evolution during treatment could clarify the role of the biofilm in the occurrence of gingival overgrowth.Trial registration: Cross-sectional study.
The Inappropriateness of brain MRI prescriptions and its financial burden
Authors: Kavosi Zahra , Sadeghi Abouzar , Lotfi Farhad , Salari Hedayat , Bayati Mohsen
Published: January 2021

Background: Inappropriate prescriptions can lead to adverse consequences for patients. It also imposes excessive cost on the patients, payers and health systems. The current study aimed at estimating of the rate of brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) inappropriate prescriptions and their financial burden in Iran.Methods: Using systematic stratified sampling method, this cross-sectional study recruited 385 participants from three public teaching hospitals in Shiraz, Iran. Demographic information, questions related to brain MRI prescription and its indications checklist were collected using study-specific data collection tools. The completed indications checklist was compared to the appropriateness status table of indications and scenarios to detect the percent of the appropriateness of prescriptions. Results: About 21 % of total brain MRI prescriptions are inappropriate. Previous treatment, number of referrals to physician, having other diagnostic tests and the applicant of MRI (P<0.01) had significant relationships with prescription appropriateness. The estimated financial burden of inappropriate brain MRIs in Shiraz teaching hospitals was 99988 US dollar in 2017. Conclusions: More than one-fifth of brains MRIs were inappropriate (i.e., prescriptions without medical indications). It caused about one hundred thousand United States Dollar (USD) financial burden which is 17 times of Iran's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita. To better allocation of health system resources for provision of MRI services rationing policies for controlling consumer moral hazard and reducing provider induced demand can be helpful.
COVID-19: Clinical Presentation and Prognostic Factors of Severe Disease and Mortality in the Oldest-old Population. A Cohort Study.
Authors: Gálvez-Barrón César , Arroyo-Huidobro Marta , Miñarro Antonio , Añaños Gemma , Chamero Antonio , Martín Mireia , Gris Clara , Avalos Jose L , Capielo Anna , Ventosa Ester , Tremosa Gemma , Rodríguez-Molinero Alejandro
Published: January 2021

INTRODUCTION The oldest-old population (80 years or older) has the highest lethality from COVID-19. There is little information on the clinical presentation and specific prognostic factors for this group. This trial evaluated the clinical presentation and prognostic factors of severe disease and mortality in the oldest-old population.METHODS Ambispective cohort study of oldest-old patients hospitalized for respiratory infection associated with COVID-19 and with a positive test by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The clinical presentation and the factors associated with severe disease and mortality were evaluated (logistic regression). All patients were followed until discharge or death.RESULTS A total of 103 patients (59.2% female) were included. The most frequent symptoms were fever (68.9%), dyspnoea (60.2%), and cough (39.8%), and 11.7% presented confusion. Fifty-nine patients (57.3%) presented severe disease, and 59 died, with 43 patients (41.7%) presenting both of these. In the multivariate analysis, male sex (OR 0.31, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.13-0.73, p 0.0074) and serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (OR 2.55, 95% CI 1.21-5.37, p 0.0139) were associated with severe disease, and serum sodium was associated with mortality (OR 3.12, 95% CI 1.18-8.26, p 0.0222). No chronic disease or pharmacological treatment was associated with worse outcomes.CONCLUSIONS The typical presenting symptoms of respiratory infection in COVID-19 are less frequent in the oldest-old population. Male sex and LDH level are associated with severe disease, and serum sodium level is associated with mortality in this population.
Simple traits predict complex temperature responses across scales
Authors: Wieczynski Daniel , Singla Pranav , Doan Adrian , Singleton Alexandra , Han Zeyi , Yammine Andrea , Gibert Jean
Published: January 2021

Microbial communities regulate ecosystem responses to climate change. But predicting these responses is challenging due to complex interactions among processes at multiple ecological scales. Organismal traits that determine individual performance and ecological interactions are essential for scaling up predictions of environmental responses from individuals to ecosystems. We combine experiments and mathematical models to show that key microbial traits—cell size, shape, and cell contents—independently drive shifts in demographic rates across temperatures, having cascading effects on community structure, dynamics, and ecosystem function. Moreover, intra- and interspecific trait variation play distinct, trait-specific roles in temperature responses. These species-level responses scale up to cause predictable, nonlinear shifts in microbial community composition and respiration rates, with direct implications for the effects of warming on the global carbon cycle. Mechanistically linking microbes with climate using traits will help refine predictions about complex ecosystem-climate feedbacks and the pace of climate change.
Investigation of the Transcriptomic Response of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo Salar) Exposed to Paramoeba Perurans Using Next Generation Sequencing
Authors: Talbot Anita , Gargan Laura , Moran Grainne , Prudent Louis , O'Connor Ian , Mirimin Luca , Carlsson Jens , MacCarthy Eugene
Published: January 2021

Amoebic Gill Disease (AGD), caused by the protozoan extracellular parasite Paramoeba perurans, is a disease affecting Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) aquaculture. Many studies to date have investigated the pathogenesis of ADG focusing on the host immune response in the gill after the appearance of clinical symptoms. This study investigated the gill transcriptomic profile of pre-clinical AGD using RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) technology. RNA-seq libraries generated at 4, 7, 14 and 16 days post inoculation (dpi) identified 29,357 Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs). RNA-seq data was validated using real-time, quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis of 10 selected immune genes. DEGs mapped to 224 Gene Ontology (GO) terms, 27 reference pathways in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and 15 Reactome Gene Sets. Immune suppression was evident at 7 dpi, prior to there being any evidence of ADG on the gill, involving signalling pathways for interleukins, Nod-like receptors, B-cell and T-cell receptors, and the differentiation of Th1/Th2 and Th17 cells. The results of this study suggest a mechanism for how N. perurans circumvents the host immune response to establish a successful infection, and could potentially lead to the development of novel strategies for AGD mitigation or prevention in aquaculture.
Fecal Microbiota Changes in NZB/W F1 Mice After Induction of Lupus Disease
Authors: Chen Yen-Fu , Hsieh Ao-Ho , Wang Lian-Chin , Huang Yun-Ju , Tsai Yun-Chen , Tseng Wen-Yi , Kuo Yu-Lun , Luo Shue-Fen , Yu Kuang-Hui , Kuo Chang-Fu
Published: January 2021

Background: Gut microbiota is thought to regulate immune homeostasis. The association between gut microbiota and the development of systemic lupus erythematosus remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the differential alteration of gut microbiota after the induction of lupus in a murine model with viral peptide of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), which is an established murine model of induced lupus. Results: Specifically, we injected HCMVpp65 peptide in peritoneal space in NZB/W F1 mice to induce lupus. Three arms of animal treatment were prepared: intraperitoneal injection of HCMVpp65 peptide, intraperitoneal injection of adjuvant alone, and none injected. Feces of the study animals were collected before and every two weeks after the lupus induction for 16S rRNA sequencing. At 24 weeks of age, pathological investigation of renal tissue from sacrificed mice was conducted. Statistical analysis for dynamics and alteration of the fecal microbiota and lupus-like-activity-related functional prediction of bacterial communities was performed. HCMVpp65 peptide immunization induced lupus-like activities, with a higher level of anti-dsDNA antibodies, creatinine and proteinuria, and severe glomerular damage, compared to the mice treated with none or adjuvant only. A higher Simpson diversity value was measured in mice with injection of HCMVpp65 peptide than those with injection of adjuvant or none, but there have no difference in the species richness estimates, ACE and Chao1. Statistical Analysis of Metagenomic Profiles (STAMP) showed a higher relative abundance of the family (Saccharimonadaceae, Marinifiaceae, and Desulfovibrionaceae) and genera (Candidatus Saccharimonas, Roseburia, Odoribacter, and Desulfovibrio) that were found in HCMVpp65 peptide treated mice, compared to mice injected with adjuvant or none. The predicted metagenomic taxonomic profile showed statistically significant enrichment of flagellar assembly, bacterial motility, and chemotaxis. Conclusion: A significant correlation between increased related genera abundance (Candidatus Saccharimonas, Roseburia, Odoribacter, and Desulfovibrio) and HCMVpp65 peptide immunization induced lupus-like activities was observed. This study confirmed significant changes in gut microbiota after the onset of lupus in a murine animal model.
Micro-structural Investigations on Oppositely Charged Mixed Surfactant Gels With Potential Dermal Applications
Authors: Barai Manas , Manna Emili , Sultana Habiba , Mandal Manas , Guchhait Kartik , Manna Tuhin , Patra Anuttam , Chang Chien-Hsiang , Moitra Parikshit , Ghosh Chandradipa , Larsson Anna-Carin , Bhattacharya Santanu , Panda Amiya
Published: January 2021

Dicarboxylic amino acid-based surfactants (N-dodecyl derivatives of -aminomalonate, -aspartate, and -glutamate) in combination with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HTAB) form a variety of aggregates. Composition and concentration dependent mixtures may exhibit liquid crystal, gel, precipitate and clear isotropic phases. Liquid crystalline patterns were identified by polarization optical microscopy and fluorescence microscopy. FE-SEM studies reveal porous and flower like morphology. Phase transitions and weight loss depend on composition where thermotropic behaviors were revealed through differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analyses, respectively. Systems comprising more than 60% HTAB demonstrate shear-thinning behavior. Gels cause insignificant toxicity to human peripheral lymphocytes and irritation to mouse skin; they do not display the symptoms of cutaneous irritation, neutrophilic invasion and inflammation (erythema, edema, and skin thinning). Gels also exhibit antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus aureus, a potent causative agent of skin and soft tissue infections, suggesting its possible application as vehicle for dermatological drug delivery.
Impacts of climate change on suitability zonation for potato cultivation in Jilin Province, Northeast China
Authors: Zhu Yaqiu , Yu Qiang , Luo Qiyou , Zhang Hua , Zhao Jinling , Ju Zhanghong , Du Yating , Yang Yadong
Published: January 2021

Global climate change is causing notable shifts in the environmental suitability of the main regions involved in potato cultivation and has, thus, changed the production potential of potatoes. These shifts can be mapped at fine scales to better understand climate change within areas of potato cultivation and to find infrastructural- and breeding-based solutions. As a case study, we have identified and mapped the structural and spatial shifts that occurred in areas suitable for potato cultivation in Jilin Province, China. We identified a discontinuity in climate change trends between 1961 and 2018 based on data for Jilin Province, and analyzed the averages and linear trends for six important climatic parameters. We used the averages of these climatic parameters to establish climate models for the province and determined cultivation using a multi-criterion, decision-based model that integrates AHP-PCA and GIS. We mapped the environmentally suitable areas for potato cultivation at a 3-km resolution based on the geo-climate model for each time period and analyzed differences between them. We found that "Most suitable” areas for potato cultivation are mainly distributed in the central area of Jilin Province, “Suitable” areas were located in the northwestern plains, and “Sub-suitable” areas in the eastern mountainous areas. In contrast, “Not suitable” areas occur mainly in the high-altitude areas in the east. The areas of “Most suitable” and “Suitable” areas for potato cultivation in Jilin Province are increasing, with increasing rates of 0.37 × 1,000 km² decade− 1 (R2 = 0.58, P < 0.01) and 0.20 × 1,000 km² (R2 = 0.28, P < 0.01), respectively, while the extent of “Sub-suitable” areas is decreasing, with a decreasing rate of 0.58 × 1,000 km² decade− 1 (R2 = 0.53, P < 0.05). The area of “Not suitable” areas has undergone little change. “Most suitable” and “Suitable” areas for potato cultivation showed a trend towards northward expansion. Overall, our results suggest that global climate change has had a positive impact on potato cultivation in Jilin Province over the past 58 years.
Vibrio vulnificus Hemolysin Induces TNF-α Independent ROS Production by Primary Murine Macrophages
Authors: Lou Yong-Liang , Xie Dan-Li , Huang Xian-Hui , Zheng Meng-Meng , Zhang Ting , Xu Jiru
Published: January 2021

BackgroundVibrio vulnificus (V. vulnificus) is a gram-negative opportunistic pathogen that causes lethal infections in humans. Vibrio vulnificus hemolysin (VVH) is a key virulence factor that exhibits strong hemolytic and cytolytic activities and contributes to the pathogen's invasion, vasodilatation, and septic shock. Most of the studies so far have focused on VVH's cytolytic activity against cell lines derived from host cells. However, the cytolytic activity of VVH on primary macrophages is still unclear. In addition, although it is known that VVH induces host cell apoptosis via triggering ROS production, the impact of VVH on host immune response has not been fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the role of VVH-induced TNF-α expression and ROS production in the absence of apoptosis of murine primary macrophages and related signaling pathways using FACS, DCFH-DA, real-time PCR, and western blotting. ResultsThe results showed that murine primary macrophages from different organs displayed differential sensitivities towards VVH-induced cell death. Liver Kupffer cells, splenic macrophages, and BMMfs were more sensitive to VVH-induced cytotoxicity, while alveolar macrophages, lung interstitial macrophages, and lung neutrophils were resistant to VVH-induced cell death. Besides, we found that a low dose of VVH, which did not induce apoptosis in murine primary macrophages, could induce apoptosis independent TNF-α expression and ROS generation. Such ROS production in macrophages could be further blocked by inhibiting p38-MAPKs or NFκB activation but was not affected by knockout of TNF-α. ConclusionsVVH produced cytotoxicity in macrophages, an apoptosis-independent TNF-α expression, and ROS production, which provides insight into the mechanism underlying the crosstalk between VVH-induced inflammation and oxidative stress.
Relational Topology-Based Heterogeneous Network Embedding for Predicting Drug-Target Interactions
Authors: Hu Fuyu , Ouyang Chunping , Liu Yongbin , Gao Zheng , Wan Yaping
Published: January 2021

Background: Predicting interactions between drugs and target proteins is a key task in drug discovery. Although the method of validation via wet-lab experiments has become available, experimental methods for drug-target interactions (DTIs) identification remain either time consuming or heavily dependent on domain expertise. Therefore, various computational models have been proposed to predict possible interactions between drugs and target proteins. Usually, we construct a heterogeneous network with drugs and target proteins to calculate the relationship between them. However, most calculation methods do not consider the topological structure of the relationship between drugs and target proteins. Fortunately, Network Embedding Learning provides new and powerful graph analytical approaches for predicting drug-target interaction, which is considering both content and topology of network.Results: In this article, we propose a relational topology-based heterogeneous network embedding method to predict DITs, abbreviated as RTHNE_DTI. We use the ideas of word embeddings to turn heterogeneous network with drugs and target proteins into dense, low-dimensional real-valued vectors. Furthermore, according to two different topological structure of the relationship between the nodes, we represent them separately by training two different models. Then the meaningful vectors represented for drugs and target proteins can be used to calculate the interaction of them easily. Results show that by considering topological structure and different relationship type of drugs and target proteins, RTHNE_DTI outperforms other state-of-the-art methods on both labeled network and unlabeled network.Conclusions: This work proposes heterogeneous network representation learning for DITs prediction. To the best of our knowledge, this study first introduces relation classification to heterogeneous network embedding to improve predicting DTIs efficiently.
Food and Nutrition Literacy Status and Its Correlates in Iranian Senior High-School Students
Authors: Ashoori Marziyeh , Omidvar Nasrin , Eini-Zinab Hassan , Shakibazadeh Elham , Doustmohamadian Azam , Abdar-Esfahani Behnaz , Mazandaranian Mohammad
Published: January 2021

Background: Planning food and nutrition literacy (FNL) promoting interventions require a better understanding of the FNL status of the target group and its correlates. Aims: This study aimed to examine the FNL status and its determinants in Iranian senior high-school students. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, socioeconomic, demographic, anthropometric measures, as well as academic performance of 626 senior high-school students were assessed. Besides, FNL and its six components (food and nutrition knowledge, functional skills, interactive skills, advocacy, critical analysis of information, and food label reading skill) were evaluated by a locally designed and validated, self-administered questionnaire.Results: The mean ± SD of the total FNL score was 52.1 ± 10.96, which is below the minimum adequate level of 60. The probability of high FNL knowledge score was significantly higher among students who majored in Natural Sciences (OR = 1.73, CI = 1.09-2.75), had better school performance (OR = 1.13, CI = 1.06-1.20) and higher SES score (OR = 1.20, CI = 1.01-1.44). The probability of higher score in food label reading skill was significantly lower in girls (OR=0.45, CI=0.31-0.67). Those who had a family member with the nutrition-related disease were more likely to have a higher score of food label reading skill (OR = 1.48, CI=1.01-1.64). Conclusion: The level of FNL in senior high-school students in Tehran was relatively low. These findings have key messages for the education system and curriculum designers to have more consideration in promoting food and nutrition-related knowledge and skills in schools.
Genomic and TCR Repertoire Intratumor Heterogeneity of Small-cell Lung Cancer and its Impact on Survival
Authors: Chen Ming , Chen Runzhe , Jin Ying , Li Jun , Zhang Jiexin , Fujimoto Junya , Lee Won-Chul , Hu Xin , Hubert Shawna , Zhu Bo , Tian Yanhua , George Julie , Hu Xiao , Chen Yamei , Wu Meijuan , Behrens Carmen , Chow Chi-Wan , Pham Hoa , Fukuoka Junya , Wu Jia , Parra Edwin Roger , Gay Carl , Little Latasha , Gumbs Curtis , Song Xingzhi , Diao Lixia , Wang Qi , Cardnell Robert , Zhang Jianhua , Wang Jing , Gibbons Don , Heymach John , Lee J. Jack , William William , Glisson Bonnie , Wistuba Ignacio , Futreal Andrew , Thomas Roman , Reuben Alexandre , Byers Lauren , Zhang Jianjun
Published: January 2021

Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is speculated to harbor complex genomic intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) associated with high recurrence rate and suboptimal response to immunotherapy. Here, using multi-region whole exome/T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing as well as immunohistochemistry (IHC), we revealed a rather homogeneous mutational landscape but extremely cold and heterogeneous TCR repertoire in limited-stage SCLC (LS-SCLC) tumors. Compared to localized non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs), LS-SCLCs had similar predicted neoantigen burden and genomic ITH, but significantly colder and more heterogeneous TCR repertoire associated with higher chromosomal copy number aberration (CNA) burden. Higher mutational burden, higher T cell infiltration and positive PD-L1 expression were associated with longer overall survival (OS), while higher CNA burden were associated with shorter OS in patients with LS-SCLC.
Controllable Dynamics of a Dissipative Two-level System
Authors: Wei Wu , Zhang Ze-Zhou
Published: January 2021

We propose a strategy to modulate the decoherence dynamics of a two-level system, which interacts with a dissipative bosonic environment, by introducing an ancillary degree of freedom. It is revealed that the decay rate of the two-level system can be significantly suppressed under suitable steers of the assisted degree of freedom. Our result provides an alternative way to fight against decoherence and realize a controllable quantum dissipative dynamics.
Sarcopenia Modifies the Associations of NAFLD With All-cause and Cardiovascular Mortality Among Elderly Individuals
Authors: Sun Xingxing , Liu Zhelong , Chen Fuqiong , Du Tingting
Published: January 2021

Background: The contribution of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to all-cause and cardiovascular mortality remains controversial. Sarcopenia, a measure of muscle mass and function, may identify which persons are most at risk for adverse effects of NAFLD. We aimed to test the hypothesis that sarcopenia modiﬁes the associations between NAFLD and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Methods: A total of 2,446 elderly individuals (≥60 years) from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were enrolled. Their mortality data were linked to death certificates in the National Death Index. Sarcopenia was defined as having low skeletal muscle mass together with slow gait speed, which captures both muscle mass and muscle function. Ultrasound tests were used for the assessment of hepatic steatosis. Results: During follow-up (median 16.8 years), 1530 elderly subjects died from any cause, of which 379 were cardiovascular-related. All-cause and cardiovascular mortality rates were 4.31 and 1.07 per 100 person-years, respectively. In a multivariate model, using participants without NAFLD and sarcopenia as the reference group, individuals with both NAFLD and sarcopenia had 1.69 times (95% CI, 1.23-2.31) and 2.17 times (95% CI, 1.33-3.54) higher risks of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, respectively. However, NAFLD persons without sarcopenia had hazard ratios for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality similar to those of the reference group.Conclusions: Sarcopenia modiﬁed the associations of NAFLD with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Sarcopenia may identify elderly adults who are at the highest risk for adverse outcomes associated with NAFLD.
Data Utilisation and Factors Influencing the Performance of the Health Management Information System in Tanzania
Authors: Mboera Leonard , Rumisha Susan , Mbata Doris , Mremi Irene , Lyimo Emanuel , Joachim Catherine
Published: January 2021

Background: Health Management Information System (HMIS) is a set of data regularly collected at health care facilities, aimed to meet the needs of statistics on health services. This study aimed to determine the utilisation of HMIS data and factors influencing the performance of health system at the district and primary health care facility levels in Tanzania. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in 11 districts and involved 115 health care facilities in Tanzania. Data were collected using a standard questionnaire and an observational checklist. The collected data was cleaned, summarized into proportions and graphical presentation using STATA version 13 software. Results: This study involved 115 health facilities in 11 districts. A total of 93 health facility workers and 13 district officials were interviewed. About two-thirds (60%) of the facility respondents reported to use the HMIS data they collect. Data were mainly used for comparing performance in terms of services coverage (53%), monitoring of disease trends over time (50%), and providing evidence for community health education and promotion programme (55%). The majority (41.4%) of the facility’s personnel had not received any training on data management related to HMIS in the past 12 months. Only five out of 13 district respondents reported to routinely analyse HMIS data. Patient load was described to frequently affect staff performance on data collection and management. Less than half (42%) of the health facilities (HFs) had received supervisory visits from the district office. Nine district respondents reported to systematically receive feedback on the quality of their reports on monthly and quarterly bases from higher authorities. More than half (n=7) of district respondents reported that those responsible for HMIS activities are also responsible for other equally important activities. Conclusion: Poor data utilisation was common in most of the districts and health facilities in Tanzania. Inadequate human and financial resources, inadequate training, lack of supervision, and lack of standard operating procedures were the major challenges affecting the HMIS performance in Tanzania.
Molecular Parameters and Intrinsic Viscosity of Nettle Seed (Urtica Pilulifera) Gum as a Function of Temperature
Authors: Zamani Zahra , Razavi Seyed Mohammad Ali
Published: January 2021

This research focused to determine some molecular properties of Nettle seed gum (NSG), as one of novel and natural source of hydrocolloids, at various temperatures (10, 25, 40, 55, and 70°C) in the dilute region. The results displayed that among the models studied, the Higiro 2 model with highest R2 and lowest RMSE values was the most proper model for determining the intrinsic viscosity of the NSG. According to this model, the intrinsic viscosity value of NSG was obtained in the range of 0.15–0.21 dl/g. It was also revealed that, as the temperature raised, the intrinsic viscosity of NSG declined. The shape factor of NSG at 40°C was spherical, however, with increasing the temperature from 40°C to 70°C, it was changed to an ellipsoidal shape. Berry number and master curve slope revealed that NSG solution at all temperatures was within the dilute regime and that no molecular entanglements were present. The parameter b values acquired for NSG at the intended temperatures showed that the molecular conformation of NSG was random coil. The activation energy and chain flexibility parameter calculated for NSG at the studied temperatures were 0.488×107 J/kgmol and 587.2, respectively.
A National Hiv Clinical Mentorship Program: Enabling Zambia to Accelerate Towards the Controlling the Hiv Epidemic
Authors: Boyd Mary Adetinuke , Fwoloshi Sombo , Minchella Peter A. , Simpungwe James , Siansalama Terence , Barradas Danielle T. , Shah Minesh , Mulenga Lloyd , Agolory Simon
Published: January 2021

Background
Although Zambia has increased the proportion of people living with HIV (PLHIV) who are on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in recent years, progress toward HIV epidemic control remains inconsistent. Some districts are still failing to meet the UNAIDS 90/90/90 targets where 90% of PLHIV should know their status, 90% of those who know their status should be receiving sustained ART, and 90% of those on ART should have documented viral load suppression (VLS) by 2020. Providing consistently excellent HIV services at all ART health facilities is critical for achieving the UNAIDS 90/90/90 targets and controlling the HIV epidemic in Zambia. Zambia Ministry of Health (MoH), in collaboration with the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), aimed to achieve these targets through establishing a national HIV clinical mentorship program in which government-employed mentors were assigned to specific facilities with a mandate to identify and ameliorate programmatic challenges.
Methods
Mentors were hired, trained and deployed to individual facilities in four provinces to mentor staff on quality HIV clinical and program management. The pre-mentorship period was July 2018–September 2018 and the post-mentorship period was July 2019–September 2019.
Results
Review of key programmatic indicators from the pre and post-deployment periods revealed HIV testing yield improved from 4.2–6.8% (P < 0.001) as fewer HIV tests were needed despite the number of PLHIV being identified and placed on ART increasing from 492,613 to 521,775, and VLS increased from 84.8–90.1% (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
Key considerations in the establishment of an HIV clinical mentorship program include having a government-led process of regular site level data review and continuous clinical mentorship underpinned by quality improvement methodology.
PTX3 secreted by human adipose-derived stem cells promotes dopaminergic neuron repair in Parkinson's disease via inhibiting apoptosis
Authors: Lian Changlin , Huang Qiongzhen , Zhong Xiangyang , He Zhenyan , Liu Boyang , Zeng Huijun , Xu Ningbo , Yang Zhao , Liao Chenxin , Fu Zhao , Guo Hongbo
Published: January 2021

Background

Adipose-derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs) transplantation has recently emerged as a promising method in the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD), however, the mechanism underlying has not been fully illustrated.
Methods

In this study, the therapeutic effects of the striatum stereotaxic injected hADSCs in 6-OHDA-induced mouse model were evaluated. Furthermore, an in vitro model of PD was constructed using tissue-organized brain slices. And the therapeutic effect was evaluated by co-culture of hADSCs and 6-OHDA-constructed brain slice. Within the analysis of hADSCs' exocrine proteins through RNA-seq, Human protein cytokine arrays and label-free quantitative proteomics, key extracellular factors were identified in hADSCs secretion environment.The degeneration of DA neurons and apoptosis were measured in PD samples in vivo and vitro models, and the beneficial effects were evaluated through quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blot,Fluoro-Jade C, Tunel assay and immunofluorescence analysis.
Results

In this study, we discovered that hADSCs protected the dopaminergic (DA) neurons in vivo and vitro models.we identified Pentraxin3 (PTX3) as a key extracellular factor in hADSCs secretion environment. Moreover, we found that human recombinant Pentraxin3 (rhPTX3) treatment could rescue the physiological behaviour of the PD mice in-vivo, as well as prevent DA neurons from death and increase the neuronal terminals in the Ventral tegmental area (VTA) + substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) and striatum (STR) on the PD brain slices in-vitro. Furthermore, within testing on the pro-apoptotic markers of PD mice brain following the treatment of rhPTX3, we found that rhPTX3 can prevent the apoptosis and the degeneration of DA neurons.
Conclusions

Overall, the current study investigated that PTX3, a hADSCs secreted protein, played a potential role in protecting the DA neurons from apoptosis and degeneration in PD progression as well as improving the motor performances in PD mice to give a possible mechanism of how hADSCs works in the cell replacement therapy in PD. Importantly, our study also provided potential translational implications for the development of PTX3-based therapeutics in PD.
Orexin-A Alleviates Astrocytic Apoptosis and Inflammation via Inhibiting OX1R-mediated NF-κB and MAPK Signaling Pathways in Cerebral Ischemia/reperfusion Injury
Authors: Xu Dandan , Kong Tingting , Shao Ziqi , Zhang Rumin , Zhang Shengnan , Kong Qingxia , Chen Jing , Cheng Baohua , Wang Chunmei
Published: January 2021

Background: Orexin-A (OXA) is a neuropeptide with neuroprotective effect by reducing cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI). Inflammation and apoptosis mediated by astrocyte activation are the key pathological mechanisms for CIRI. We thus attempted to confirm neuroprotective effects of OXA on astrocytic inflammation and apoptosis in CIRI and clarify the relative mechanisms. Methods: A middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) rat model and U251 glioma cells model subjected to oxygen glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R) were established, with or without OXA treatment. Neurological deficit score was determined, and cerebral infarct volume was evaluated by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. Western Blot was used to detect the expressions of NF-κB p65, p-ERK, p-p38, GFAP, OX1R, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, iNOS, Bcl-2, Bax, CytC, cleaved caspase-9 and cleaved caspase-3 in vivo and vitro. Pro-inflammatory cytokines in cell supernatant IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 were determined by ELISA. Hoechst 33342 staining was used to detect the apoptosis of astrocyte. Immunofluorescent staining was performed to assess the nuclear translocation of p65 and the expression of GFAP. Results: The results showed that OXA significantly improved neurological deficit score and decreased the volume of infarct area in brain. OXA decreased inflammatory mediators, inhibited astrocyte activation and nuclear translocation of NF-κB and phosphorylation of MAPK/ERK and MAPK/p38. Besides, OXA suppressed apoptosis via upregulating the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax and downregulating cytochrome C, cleaved-caspase-9 and cleaved caspase-3. Conclusions: Overall, it was concluded that OXA exerts neuroprotective effect during CIRI through attenuating astrocytes apoptosis, astrocytes activation and pro-inflammatory cytokines production, by Inhibiting OX1R-mediated NF-κB, MAPK/ERK and MAPK/p38 signaling pathways. The progress in our study are helpful to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of OXA neuroprotection, which could lead to the development of new treatment strategies for ischemic stroke.