bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On Innovation of the Construction Technique and Spatial Form of Large Self-Compacting Concrete Engineering — with the Science Center in WOLFSBURG, GERMANY as an Example
Authors: Gao Bo , Huang Lei , Li Min
Published: October 2011

With the maturity of construction technique of traditional concrete materials, self-compacting concrete (SCC) is reflecting its superiority to traditional materials in construction technique, engineering adaptability, mechanical property, durability, energy conservation, environmental protection, etc. The analysis on the space construction and manufacturing process of the Science Centre in Wolfsburg, Germany reveals that the application of SCC in large public space has made remarkable achievement with the combination of art and technology, and enjoys broad prospect of development.
A Survey on Project Application of External Prestressing Technology
Authors: Huang Min Yuan
Published: October 2011

This article mainly introduce the major effect factor of external prestressing technology, for instance: The reasonable external prestressing’s transmission system chiefly includes two aspects of prestressing size and prestressing function position; The tendon steering system is to solve the centralized solution of local stress and the grasp stress of weak link ; The external prestressing anchor system must guarantee multiplicity and construction security; In construction monitoring process，it must grasp the monitor parameter of the prestressing and the deflection and so on; The anti-vibration localization of the external prestressing is to enhance the structure durability etc., which have provided the advantageous technical guidance for the actual projects.
Experimental Study of Steel Frames with Infill Prefabricated Reinforce-Concrete Shear Walls
Authors: Zhao Wei , Qian Liu
Published: October 2011

To realize the industrialized lateral resistant system in steel structure, a low cyclic loading tests is carried out for steel frames with infill prefabricated reinforce-concrete shear walls (solid wall). The crack developed in infill walls and deformation performances of specimen are investigated. And the force transfer mechanism, failure mode, hysteretic behavior, stiffness degradation deformation and ductility and energy dissipation of composite structure are analyzed too. Test results show that the concrete crushing in infill wall is the main failure paten and the failure mode is ductile failure. Within the whole loading period, low cyclic fatigue of shear connectors (U sharp bars) doesn’t occur. The performance of the specimens including post peak strength degradation, ductility behaviors and energy dissipation, are significantly improved. In the whole test the steel and concrete components work integrally. And the specimen has good seismic performances and can be widely used in seismic areas.
Vibration Reducing Study of Viscous Damper on Space Truss Structure
Authors: Shi Rui Guo , Wei Jian Guo , Jiang Chun Yan
Published: October 2011

In this paper, the middle-span space truss is chosen as the research object, and viscous dampers are introduced into the space truss as damping elements. The method of “fast non-linear analysis (FNA)” is adopted to numerically simulate the dynamic response. The better selection of the layout, number and damping index of dampers is intensively studied. Finally, more economical and practical results of damping design with viscous dampers are achieved, which can provide a reference for the design of the same kind of structure.
Experimental Research on High Performance Concrete under Drying-Wetting Cycles in Saline-Lake Environment
Authors: Kong Wei , Wang Yi Hong , Zhou Gang , Li Tian Hua
Published: October 2011

Aiming at the corrosion problem of concrete structure of bridges in Chaerhan salt lake area, the paper puts forward a new method of using multi-defense lines against salt erosion, helpful to improve the durability of concrete structures. Single factor experiment of salt erosion and a dual-action experiment of salt erosion and drying-wetting cycles were conducted, using 3 kinds of concrete specimens, including simple high performance concrete (HPC), HPC coated with waterproof material outside and HPC mixed with waterproof material. Results of experiments show that high performance concrete prepared in the experiments has good anti-corrosion performance. Moreover, HPC with multi-defense lines application effectively delays salt erosion to concrete, and lengthens service life of concrete structures in saline-lake environment.
A New Method of Determining the Pile-Soil Parameters
Authors: Cui Guang Qin , Liu Zeng Rong , Ma Chen Guang
Published: October 2011

Basic transfer differential equation and transferring model of load transfer method were given at first, and the pile-soil loading state was divided into five stages according to the increasing pile-head loading process. Next, based on the overall equilibrium of pile and boundary conditions, analytical stiffness expressions of single pile relating to these transferring model parameters were derived in stages. And then, the field static load test result, Q-s curve, was also divided into five corresponding stages and subsection fitting was suggested to be made for each stage. Finally, each model parameter was determined one by one in stages according to the corresponding relations between the measured Q-s curve and the proposed analytical solutions. This pile-soil parameters determination method would enhance the application value of the measured Q-s curve in some extent, and it would provide a theoretical basis for further study on mechanical properties of pile-soil system.
Non-Dimensional Vibration of Timoshenko Beams with Axial Loads
Authors: Zhang Yi , Chen Li , Cheng Guo Liang , Li Qing Hua
Published: October 2011

The paper is supposed to establish a non-dimensional approach to analyze the free vibration of axially loaded beams with different kinds of boundary conditions, based on the Timoshenko’s beam theory and the method of separation of variables. When the mode-shapes and frequencies are known, it is convenient to get the equivalent load vector, equivalent mass matrix and the frequencies matrix, then, the characteristics of vibration of axially loaded beams will be obtained by the approach. The results and conclusions were also helpful to the anti-blast analysis of columns
Shape Classification Using Multiple Classifiers with Different Feature Sets
Authors: Chen Jun Ying , Chen Jing , Feng Zeng Xi
Published: October 2011

In this paper, a new shape classification method based on different feature sets using multiple classifiers is proposed. Different feature sets are derived from the shapes by using different extraction methods. The implements of feature extraction are based on two ways: Fourier descriptors and Zernike moments. Multiple classifiers comprise Normal densities based linear classifier, k-nearest neighbor classifier, Feed-Forward neural network, Radial Basis Function neural network classifier. Each classifier is trained by two feature sets respectively to form two classification results. The final classification results are a combined response of the individual classifier using six different classifier combination rules and the results were compared with those derived from multiple classifiers based on the same feature sets and individual classifier. In this study we examined the different classification tasks on Kimia dataset. For the tasks the best combination strategy was found using the product rule, giving an average recognition rate of 95.83%.
Pseudo-Plate Method of High-Strength Steel Fiber Concrete Multi-Ribbed Slab
Authors: Qiu Ji Sheng , Xiong Guang Hong
Published: October 2011

Basing on the disadvantages of multi-ribbed slab in practice, a new high-strength steel fiber concrete (HSFC) composite multi-ribbed slab structure is introduced. Because adding steel fibers can improve the capacity of the concrete, it also can make some influence on the mechanic performance of HSFC multi-ribbed slab, such as elastic module, shear module, flexural rigidity, and torsion rigidity and so on. So by the analysis of the material and mechanic capacity and considering the influence of steel fiber, the formulas to calculate flexural rigidity, torsion rigidity, deflection and internal force of the new composite slab are given, in which the multi-ribbed slab is equivalent to orthotropic slab by the principle of stiffness coincidence. The study in this paper can provide some valuable theory references for further study and application of multi-ribbed slab.
Research on Eco-Sustainable Community Development in the International Perspective
Authors: Zhang Zhong Hua , Zhang Pei
Published: October 2011

with the in-depth development of urbanization, how to construct urban communities of sustainable development has become an indispensable element in the competition among modem cities, which is also a fundamental issue China has to consider for accelerating the development process of its future urbanization. This paper, based on international perspective and by summing up the experience of the development of sustainable communities abroad, explores methods and models of sustainable community planning, so as to provide theoretical and practical references to the sustainable community development of China.
The Study on Settlement Landscape Based on Sustainable View
Authors: Wei Na , Liu Jia Ping , Chen Lin Bo
Published: October 2011

Based on the research of settlement landscape and field study, this paper starts with the sustainable development idea, takes the Daping village settlement of landscape design in Sichuan for example, analyzes the spatial pattern and finds out the suitable design form for the local landscape, which can establish a harmonious human settlement in village.
Analysis of the Environmental Factors in Sustainable Residential Area Planning in China
Authors: Zhou Zheng Nan , Zou Tao
Published: October 2011

Determination of the overall spatial form of a residential area, which includes aspects such as building arrangement and site planning, is the primary step of residential area planning, and an important factor of formation of characteristics of the residential area. This paper analyzes the environmental factors that influence the spatial form of residential areas in sustainable residential area planning in China. The factors discussed involve aspects of the original eco-resources, building arrangement, greenery system, landscape and open space in the residential area. Through a comprehensive analysis of the factors presented above, the formation of the overall spatial form of residential areas can be effectively guided.
Study on Urban Green Space System Planning Based on Ecological Suitability Evaluation: A Case of Luancheng City in China
Authors: Shen Shi Guang , Wang Hao , Wen Jun Fei , Wang Si Hui , Fan Chen Jing
Published: October 2011

For a long time, planners get used to apply qualitative analysis and subjective knowledge to define urban green space system. Lacking support of quantitative analysis, the incomplete inventory will result in subjective evaluation, low pertinence. And the required depth and level for planning will not be strong enough. This study strives for introduce ecological suitability evaluation to urban green space system, derives the supporting theory, framework, and evaluation model. By using GIS, Luancheng green space system is generated based on the ecological suitability analysis. Also, this study shows that green space system planning is more operational and reliable based on ecological suitability evaluation.
Tests on Seismic Behavior of Steel-Concrete Composite Fabricated Shear Wall Specimens
Authors: Cai Liu He , Li Wen Feng , Zhang Guo Wei , Miao Qi Song , Wu Hui
Published: October 2011

Quasi-static tests of three specimens of steel-concrete composite fabricated shear wall were performed to investigate its seismic behavior. The test results indicate that horizontal cracks run through the interface between the wall and the base beam, diagonal cracks appear on the whole prefabricated concrete shear wall. The specimens fail in the mode of bending-shear, the hysteretic curves according to the test were full, it means that they have better seismic bearing capacity.
Dynamic Integrated Planning System Based on Landscape Urbanism: An Approach of Sustainable Urban Landscape Planning
Authors: Deng Yi , Cai Ling , Li Xi Lin
Published: October 2011

In view of the analysis on systematic characteristics of urban landscape based on the landscape urbanism theory, this paper proposed a solution to ecological sustainability problems in urban landscape planning based on system integration and dynamic process. It established a framework for dynamic integrated planning system with system integration as the method, urban landscape ecological efficiency or ULEE evaluation drive as the core, and nonlinear dynamic process as the procedure. Compared with traditional planning methods, this system is characterized as multi-layer dynamic feedback and real-time optimized evaluation. It is a new approach for sustainable urban landscape planning.
Development Consultation: the Flexibility Approach Deal with the Complexity of Urban Development
Authors: Dong Wei , Dong Yu
Published: October 2011

In process of urban development, the various participants carry out development activities with their own goals, often caused urban development faced with complex and difficult situation. The public sector and private developers couldn’t accurately recognize the urban development process associated with a variety of challenges and technical requirements. This paper analyzed market factors, participants and their purposes, pointing out that the multi-sectoral development consultation is an effective way to clarify the flexibility of urban development, and achieve the optimal allocation of urban resources. Through the cooperation of public and private, the challenges of urban development should have a broader imagination to find a solution.
Effect of Asphalt Layer Modulus on the Mechanical Properties and Service Life of Heavy Load Semi-Rigid Asphalt Pavement
Authors: Wang Xiao Hua , Sun Ji Shu , Xiao Tian , Pi Hui Ran
Published: October 2011

Asphalt layer modulus is one of the important mechanical parameters in pavement design. It will directly influence the design result and the mechanical properties of asphalt pavement structure. Using pavement design and analysis software, the effects of asphalt layer modulus on surface deflection, tensile stress at the bottom of base and sub-base course, stress at the the bottom of asphalt layer and service life of heavy load semi-rigid asphalt pavement structure were analyzed systematically. And the influencing laws were analyzed, too. The results indicate that the mechanical properties, deforming characteristics and service life of heavy load asphalt pavement were influnced significantly by asphalt layer modulus. With the increasing of asphalt layer modulus, the surface deflection, tensile stress at the bottom of base and sub-base course would significantly decrease, and service life of heavy load semi-rigid asphalt pavement structure would be improved.
Seismic Landslides and the Environmental Impact in the Middle Reach of Daduhe River
Authors: Wang Yun Sheng , Wu Jun Feng , Luo Yong Hong , Xiao Ma , Shun Li , Qing Quan
Published: October 2011

There are 15 large-scaled rock landslides in the middle reach of Daduhe River in the western Sichuan. As they even dammed the Daduhe River for a long time, the dammed accumulation are well widely developed, relatively wide bottom valley have been formed in the reach. Now, there are about 80000 people lived in the valley of the reach, as the region is in high intensity (VIII-IX), the latest large earthquake (magnitude is 7.7)happened in 1876 and dammed the River, causing over ten thousand people die in the huge flood after the dam broke. As the construction velocity is faster than before, the hydropower station, highway, new village construction are put on the schedule, but people seem forgetting the historical earthquakes and seismic landside’s impact, hidden dangers may come at any time. The present paper tries to introduce the characteristics of the landslides and its environment impacts such as deep overburden, soft soil, sand liquefaction and landslide reactive. So as to call peoples’ attention for the environment during they are engaged in the large scale construction. Based on the RS interpretation and field comprehensive investigations, 15 large scaled rock landslides have been found in the reach, the volume of each is over 1000,000m3, although the remains are stable on the whole, the front part is potential unstable, if they are active triggered by the future earthquake or storm, they can dam the Daduhe River again and cause huge geo-hazards. Several ideas can be concluded as follows：(1)The reach is composed of Proterozoic acid intrusive rock and underwent several large tectonic movements, the rock mass is cut by structural planes formed in the different tectonic epoch; (2) The middle reach of Daduhe River is one part of SN strike tectonic belt in China, the main advantageous structural planes is SN strike, which is parallel to the flow direction of Daduhe River; (3) The reach is within a high intensity region with over VIII degrees, seismic landslides are well developed and they are easily reactive in the future, people confront with the deep overburden, soft soil, sand liquefaction; (4) the villages and town is generally located on the second Terrace and easily influenced by the seismic large slides, their vulnerability is high; (5) engineering measurements are necessary to protect the town villages and it is urgent to built disaster warning system.
The Optimization Calculation Method Study on Longitudinal Lattice Girder of the Spray Anchor Bracing System
Authors: Shi Wei , Zhang Xia , Shen Cong
Published: October 2011

As the structure component of the spray anchor bracing system, at present the structure calculation method of the longitudinal lattice girder use more simple beam, continuous beam. In order to further research the calculation theory and applicability of the longitudinal lattice girder structure, making the calculation method reflect the mechanical properties of the longitudinal lattice girder accurately, this paper through the use of ANSYS finite element numerical simulation method[1], and the improved method of Winkler[3], considering the impact of the tangential component of the anchor rod axial force, and considering the impact of excavation conditions of the deep foundation pit actual, compare the calculation results of the internal force of the longitudinal lattice girder, concluded the optimization calculation method of the longitudinal lattice girder and the applicability.
Comparative Study on the Earthquake Behavior of Frame-Shear Wall Structure of Concrete Filled Steel Tubular under Conventional Earthquake
Authors: Xu Xiang Tao , Hu Xiao
Published: October 2011

In this paper, seismic behavior of the frame-shear wall structure, which are respectively composed of the concrete filled steel tubular (CFST) and of the reinforced concrete (RC) column, have been studied under the conventional earthquake. Dynamic behaviors and earthquake responses including deformation and forcing of the CFST and RC structures are analyzed. Comparing the calculation results, the earthquake resistant behavior of the CFST structure has been evaluated synthetically, which may be referential for structure design.
The Cause of Instability and Reinforcement of the Complicated High Slope Drawing near a Deep-Founding Pit
Authors: Wang Qi Yun , Zhang Jia Sheng , Xu Jin
Published: October 2011

The combination of a single row of artificially-dug-up piles and pre-stressed anchor rope was adopted to the foundation pit as the retaining structure,and anchor-plate retaining structure and rubble retaining wall were used as the bracing system for the complicated building slope. In the process of excavation, monitoring has been done to see if any horizontal displacement, deformation of deep soil and crack width take place or any technical data and code dispatch from the demand. Monitoring results show that deformation in some parts of the tops of support structure is larger than the designed warning value some times and the deformation continue to increase in the process of the excavation, and this result in twice dangerous situations in the support structure of the slope. In this paper, the geologic construction of the slope and the situations of the designed support structure and monitoring condition were depicted. The mechanism of the instability of the slope was explained on the basis of comprehensive analysis of deformation monitoring datas. It is concluded that the over-excavation, explosive excavation, rainfall and so on were the factors affecting the stability of the slope. Corresponding emergency measures and reinforcement measures,such as unloading and pre-stress rope, were proposed, which were proved to be highly effective.
The Quasi-Frame-Shear-Wall Method for Reinforcement of Concrete-Masonry Mixed Structures
Authors: Jiang Ji Tong , Liu Wei , Guo Hong Qiu , Yang Song , Du De Run
Published: October 2011

Based on seismic analysis of concrete-masonry mixed structure, a new strengthening method will be introduced. In order to find the effective and reasonable reinforcement measures to adjust to the characteristics of the mixed structure, the method of equivalent stiffness should apply to the structure, it can change the original unreasonable force transmission route, and then transform and reinforce the original structure into a quasi-frame-shear wall structure whose force transmission route is similar to frame-shear wall structure. This could be a reference to similar projects.
Study of an Expert System for Safety Assessment of Soft Soil Roadbed
Authors: Liu Chun Yuan , Wang Zhuan , Jin Sha Sha
Published: October 2011

A new expert system was built for safety assessment of soft soil roadbed, in which the characteristics was taken into account by using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) for identifying weight matrix of evaluating index, Fuzzy Synthetically Judgment for modeling safety evaluation of soft soil roadbed. The authors had attempted to develop the expert system to be comprehensive, concise, scientific, independent and flexible. Also, the system had been used to assess the safety of the Binhai highway of Tangshan, China. The results showed that the system is objective, feasible and practical, and can be used to assess the safety of soft soil roadbed.
An Effective Combined Approach Based on GM and AR for Deformation Analysis of High-Rise Buildings
Authors: Gao Cai Yun , Pan Chuan Jiao , Gao Ning
Published: October 2011

Accurately estimating the deformation of high-rise buildings is a very important work for surveyors, however it is very difficult to get an accurate and reliable predictor. In this paper, a combined modeling and forecasting approach based on grey theory and the autoregressive model is proposed to forecast the deformation of the modern buildings. The results of experiments show that this method can forecast the deformation precisely, which provides a basis for performance analysis and forecasting. Meanwhile, it can also be concluded that the combined method has a higher forecasting precision to the complex problems than the single models, and therefore can be applied to deformation data analysis.
Application of GIS and FEFLOW in Forecasting Groundwater Flow Field of Minqin Basin
Authors: Ren Jian Min , Yang Yang , Hu Xing Wei
Published: October 2011

Conditions were considered of complex geology and the hydrogeology of Minqin, the 3d numerical simulation model of groundwater system was built by FEFLOW software in the study area. Author found that hydrogeologic parameters which have been debugged many times corresponded with the hydrogeology prospecting results well. Verification results show that the model has better simulation effect and higher reliability in checking the model. Facts show that prediction of groundwater flow field has high reliability in the study area.
A Study on the Safety Criteria for Dike and Slope Exposed to Vibration
Authors: Zhang Yu Cheng , Yang Guang Hua , Hu Hai Ying
Published: October 2011

Problems and flaws of existing safety criteria for vibration are reviewed. A simple consideration of particle vibration velocity cannot fully reflect the inherent law of effects of explosion earthquake on structures. Sometimes the occurrence of explosions exceeding the standard velocity for safety will not necessarily cause damage to structures and those below the standard velocity for safety may destroy structures. For this reason, the free vibration frequency of structures and the safety margin of the structure should be considered. Based on safe, practical and convenient conditions, that in respect of safety criteria for dike and slope exposed to vibration, two indicators, i.e., stability factor of dike and slope and vibration velocity of particle, can be used to determine the effect of vibration on them is proposed. That is to say, pseudo-static method is adopted to make vibration inertia force equivalent to a static force on slope bars and then strength reduction method or limit equilibrium method is used to calculate the safety factor, which can directly evaluate the stability of slope. In combination with the particle vibration velocity given in specifications, the safety of dike and slope can be determined. Lastly, specific engineering cases are used to validate the rationality of this criterion. This method can serve as a reference for similar projects
Deformation Prediction Based on Time Series Analysis and Grey System Theory
Authors: Qiao Dong Liang , Zhao Ming
Published: October 2011

For the long-term monitoring of structure, the deformation trend changes periodically and is hard to extract. A small amount of recent data can be selected to avoid such problem. The study refers to the idea of grey system theory and provides an improved way of deformation prediction in time series analysis with a small amount of data. By cumulating the original data, the trend item is made clear and the rule of data becomes obvious. The prediction results show that the way provided by this article gives a more accurate prediction in the short term. When the prediction results have a large deviation with actual deformation, it can be believed that the trend has changed and the monitored structure may be affected.
Treating by Self-Compensation Mud-Jack Materials for Voids Beneath Cement Concrete Pavement Slabs
Authors: Wang Qian , Duan Ying
Published: October 2011

In order to solve the problem that the domestic and overseas research on the mud-jack materials were used for treating voids caused voids again, based on Yantai-Weihai highway testing section as backing project, the cement, organic and sand mud-jack materials were improved by using the shrinkage-compensating principle. The rechecking results of core drilling indicated that the treating effect of recommended self-compensation mud-jack materials were good.
Quality Control over Construction Process of Petrochemicals Project
Authors: Jiang Hao Hao
Published: October 2011

Today’s construction quality signifies a lot to the tomorrow’s rate of return on investment for the project. The quality control over construction process shall be implemented following the principle of “well planning beforehand, tight control during the process and timely inspection after completion, and emphasis to be laid on the control of key positions”. To ensure to achieve the goals of building the project into a high quality project at national level in China, quality plan and detailed rules for implementation of supervision should be developed. Quality control over working process during the construction is very important too.
Damage Identification of a Cantilever Beam with a Breathing Crack Based on Instantaneous Frequency
Authors: Wang Qiu Fen , Huang Fang Lin
Published: October 2011

Damage identification for a cantilever beam with a breathing crack was presented based on instantaneous frequency(IF). One time-varying stiffness model was introduced by considering the breathing effect of the crack in vibration. A simplified single-degree-of-freedom(SDOF) time-varying dynamic differential equation was built. Relationships between the structural instantaneous frequencies (IFs) and damage location and degree were analyzed. IFs of the free vibration displacements were estimated by using phase difference and Teager energy operator (TEO).Moreover the influence of noise on IFs estimation was discussed. Damage indices were built by IFs and the damage degree was identified. Structural IFs are two-dimension function of damage location and degree and the intra-wave phenomenon of IFs verified the non-linearity of damaged structure. The damage indices based on IFs are more reliable than traditional frequency on identifying damage degree and have some anti-noise properties.
Vibration Analysis of Damaged Rectangular Plates with General Elastic Boundary Supports
Authors: Xu Fu Hou , Zhang Yu Xiang , Chen Jia Zhao , Xu Jin Biao , Zhou Yun
Published: October 2011

This paper proposed a method to calculate the nature frequencies of generally supported plate with hole. The boundary of plate is considered as the combination of rotational springs and translational springs. The generally characteristic equations of generally supported plate with damage can be derived using Rayleigh-Ritz method. The nature frequencies of damaged plate can be obtained by solving the generally characteristic equations. The calculated results by proposed method were compared with that of FEM (finite element method) and analytical solutions. The compared results demonstrated that the proposed method is accurate and effective. Numerical examples are presented to analyze the effect of damage on the plate under different kinds of elastic restraint. The results suggest that: the effect of damage is little to the first order nature frequency and is relative large to the third order nature frequency when the rotational restraints are weak; the effect on the first order nature frequency rises but the effect on the third order nature frequency fall as the rotational restraints increase.
Movement and Deformation Rules of Gauss Coordinates Based on Ellipsoid Expanded Modal
Authors: Jin Li Xin , Wang Lian Jun , Yang Song Lin
Published: October 2011

This paper studies on deducing the analytic formulae on Gauss coordinates displacement before or after the increase of major radius of ellipsoid expanded modals, which is based on the partial derivatives of geodetic coordinates in Gauss coordinates deducing from direct solution formulae of the Gauss projection coordinates in conjunction with differential coefficient formulae and variable of geodetic coordinates. On this theoretical foundation, analyzing the relationships between Gauss coordinates displacement and other mathematical parameter . The relationship of graphics between point displacement components of latitudinal coordinate dy and longitudes is similar to the straight lines. The relationship of graphics between point displacement components of longitudinal coordinate dx and latitudinal coordinate dy, and the geodetic height is similar to the straight lines.
Bending Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Box-Girders Strengthened with SMPM Laminates
Authors: Guo Tong , Chen Wen Hai , Song Yong Sheng
Published: October 2011

Steel stranded wire mesh and polymer mortar (SMPM) is a novel technique recently developed for structural strengthening. To investigate the feasibility of strengthening reinforced concrete (RC) bridge box-girders with SMPM, bending tests on three scaled RC box-girders were made, based on which formulas for predicting the bending and debonding capacities of the strengthened RC box-girders are proposed. First, the box section is represented by the T section using the effective width factor in the elastoplastic stage. Then, based on the equivalent height of compressive region, bending failure modes of the strengthened girders are classified, and equations regarding the ultimate bending capacity corresponding to each failure mode are established respectively. To account for the debonding failure observed in the tests, a shear-capacity-based model is proposed. Comparison was made between the analytical and existing test results.
Research on Detection Evaluation and Reinforcement Technique of Piled Wharf
Authors: Zhuang Ning , Ge Song , Chen Da , Li Jun Wei , Ye Wan Jun
Published: October 2011

Accidents, such as storm surge, typhoon, non-normal impacting and other abnormal operating conditions will all cause damage to the structure of piled wharf. To improve the bearing capacity of structure and extend service life, it is need to detect, evaluate and reinforce the piled wharf. This paper analyzes different reasons and ways of destruction then puts up some detection methods for piled wharf’s different components. The evaluation procedures and steps of piled wharf are also disused and mechanism of various reinforcement methods are researched in the same time. The results of this study can provide reference for the detection, assessment and reinforcement of piled wharf structures.
Experimental Study of Pre-Stressed Concrete Beams with Fatigue Subjoining Freezing-Thawing Circle
Authors: Zhang Yi Duo , Liu Rong Gui , Chen Yu , Fu Kai
Published: October 2011

Based on fatigue tests of pre-stressed concrete (PC) and ordinary concrete beams for 15 specimens after different times of freezing-thawing circle, the degradation process for the tested beams of the relative dynamic elastic modulus is conducted. The experimental study shows that the pre-stressing level and times of freezing-thawing circles are main influence factors to durability of test beams. The results of this study are useful for the exploration of the mechanism of the PC structure’s damage and the improvement of design theory concerning the durability of the PC structures.
The Application of the Complete Decomposition Model in Analyzing the Incontrollable Construction Cost
Authors: Fang Li , Ma Xin
Published: October 2011

At present, the main methods of analyzing the reasons why construction cost always got out of control are qualitative analysis based on the practical construction experiences in the construction cost management. And these analyses were easily affected by subjective factors. By introducing a complete decomposition model, the influencing factors of the incontrollable construction cost in the construction stage can be decomposed to the effect of quantity changes and the effect of unit price changes of each kind of construction. A quantitative analysis will be carried on subsequently to analyzing these effects to find the main effects of the whole construction cost changes. This model made the analysis more objective and scientific, and can accumulate the data for new or planned similar constructions. To illustrate, the decomposition on construction cost changes of a small civil project is carried out.
Damage Detection of Historic Timber Structure Based on Cross Correlation Function Amplitude Vectors
Authors: Hou Yan Fang , Hu Wei Bing
Published: October 2011

Cross Correlation Function Amplitude Vector(CorV) is a method of damage detection which is based on random vibration .In this paper, CorV is introduced in the damage detection of historic timber structure according to the characteristics of structure and damage.Meanwhile,the research has been done. CorV of structural damage before and after the change has been expressed that is based on Cross Correlation function amplitude Vector Criterion(CVAC) .Results show that there is a remarkable decrease of CVAC among the CorVs between damaged and intact structures.Damage locations can be determined through the relative change of CorVs which is before or after the damage of the structure . A basis can be provided for the damage of buildings and the ancient structure protection through this paper.
Study on the Jacking Force of the Underpinning by Pipe-Jacking for the Historical Masonry Constructions
Authors: Zhang Wei Xi , Liu Yong Tao
Published: October 2011

The structural damages, which result from the inadequate bearing capacity or the asymmetric support of foundation, are one of the crucial works in the conservation of historical masonry constructions. A new underpinning technique, applying the principle of pipe-jacking, is presented in this paper, which can build a new foundation system having sufficient rigidity under the bearing wall of the upper building. The technique has been successfully used in the conservation practices of masonry constructions, but the basic problems involved in the technique has not yet studied. Based on the field test, the principle of the underpinning by manual pipe-jacking , the mutual effect mechanism between box girders and soil, the calculation of jacking force and its influence factors are investigated in detail, and the empirical formula of calculating jacking force is also presented.
A Dynamic Test of Fully Prestressed Concrete Beams
Authors: Zhang Yao Ting , Zheng Yi , Li Hong Jian
Published: October 2011

A dynamic test of two unbonded fully prestressed concrete beams has been conducted. The results indicate that the natural frequency of beams increases with the prestress force, which is opposite to the analytical arguments for homogeneous and isotropic beams subject to axial force. This paper explains the change in frequencies by discussing the change in the elastic modulus. A modified formula is also proposed, and the experimental data agree well with the theoretical analysis.
Ground Settlement of Buildings Caused by Foundation Pit Excavation: a Case Study
Authors: Li Xiao Min , Chen Yong Gao
Published: October 2011

An engineering case is taken to analyze data of buildings settlement caused by foundation pit excavation. The predicted value was calculated and compared with the measured data to discuss the settlement of buildings nearby foundation pit. It is proved that sedimentation rate and settlement are relative to depth of the foundation pit and distance between buildings and foundation pit. This paper suggests to monitoring variation during construction in order to ensure safety of structural support and surroundings.
Numerical Analysis of Damage for Y-Shape Tunnel
Authors: Lin Da Ming , Shang Yan Jun , Li Guo He , Sun Yuan Chun
Published: October 2011

There are many effective researches about tunnel at home and abroad, because the complexity of design and construction for Y-shape tunnel, in public there is no research about it yet, with the background of nanliang-tunnel which merge two single-beam into a two-lane tunnel as Y-shape. This paper obtains the rock mass mechanics parameters on the basis of nonlinear Hoek-Brown criterion first, and has a numerical simulation according the tunnel construction with FLAC-3D. we arrange many monitor sections in this model and discuss the law of deformation and failure in different section, at last have a comprehensive analysis of displacement, stress, plastic zone of different sites which caused by tunnel construction and discover that: with the distance of two single tunnels decreased, the interaction caused by the merging increase together with the compressive stress, tensile stress. The displacements of surrounding rock increase corresponding, the amplitude of variation is up to 44.8%, After the two-lane tunnel is 15m long, the stress and displacements redistribution of surrounding rock become stable.
Numerical Modeling of Affection of Foundation Pit Excavation on Metro Tunnel
Authors: Ding Jiang Shu , Xian Yao Qiang , Liu Tian Jun
Published: October 2011

With the development of urban construction, urban transit network has been gradually improved, but subway tunnel under its normal operation is inevitably affected by underground engineering activities such as foundation pit engineering. Based on the deep excavation near the effects of tunnel, the research content of 3d finite element analysis, from the qualitative research based on different situations of foundation excavation, is near to optimize the design and construction to provide the beneficial reference.
Characteristic Evaluation of UHPC Flexural Behavior with Mixed-Use Hooked and Straight Type Fiber
Authors: Ryu Gum Sung , Kang Su Tae , Park Jung Jun , Kim Si Hwan , Koh Kyung Taek , Kim Sung Wook
Published: October 2011

This study, in order to identify the effects that the mixed-use of long and short fiber has on the mechanical characteristics of UHPC, we used a steel fiber of 65, 82 and 98 in a shape ratio (l/d) alternating from the length of 13, 16,3 and 19.5 mm respectively in the short fiber with a diameter of 0.2 mm and used the hooked-type high-elasticity steel fiber with a diameter of 0.375 and the length of 30 mm of the long fiber. As a result, it was found that, in constructability and compressive behavior in the same fiber mixing ratio, the more the mixed amount of short fiber, the higher the compressive strength, but it was analyzed that the increase of width was very narrow. According to the results from the review on the flexural tensile behavior of UHPC to make a hybrid from the straight-short and hooked-long fiber, it was analyzed that the use of hybrid fiber does not significantly contribute to the enhancement of the flexural strength of UHPC, however, it greatly contributes to the enhancement of the flexural toughness. In the case of using the fiber in this method, it was analyzed that it would be possible to manufacture UHPC which is superior in workability and mechanical characteristics and economically feasible.
A Surveying Method Free from Damage to Ancient Building Based on the Ordinary Digital Camera
Authors: Wang Jing Wei , Guo Qiu Ying , Sun Ying Jun
Published: October 2011

Using the ordinary digital camera to obtain the single image of the ancient building there are three sets of parallel lines perpendicular to each other, the model has been established to solver 3D relative coordinates of the ancient building according to the pixel coordinates of the ancient building. As long as a basic length of ancient building is measured, using the calculated 3D relative coordinates, the real structure size of the ancient building will be fully restored, and so the elevation drawing of the ancient building will be also drawn. The method has an important practical significance for the protection of ancient building.
In-City Villages, an Inharmonious Factor in Chinese City
Authors: Na Yu Wen , Li Zhi Min , Zhao Hong Bin
Published: October 2011

It has been a long time that two kinds of resident habitations and the corresponding administration systems have been present and functioning in Chinese cities and countries. In recent years, with the rapid development and expansion of city, many villages have been gradually incorporated into city zone and as a result villages in urban district, normally called in-city villages, come into being, which are sarcastically against the grain with all aspects of city zone. This paper studies the problem by the theory of dualistic structure of city and country, and analyzes the transition and causes from the point of view of city development, especially on the change process, i.e., from neighboring village to village which is half incorporated by city, and finally to the in-city village. For the purpose of illustration, investigates the causes of transition and engendering of in-city villages with respect to city expansion and village urbanization. The result of this study is anticipated to be of some significance to perform the full-scale city modernization and to establish a harmony society.
The Application of Traditional Symbols in Modern Architecture
Authors: Liu Qiang , Chang Jiang , Shi Nan
Published: October 2011

Chinese traditional culture has a distinct nationality and regionality, and serves as the source of valuable creative element in architecture, at the same time it functions as the powerful weapon resisting “internationalization” and “standardization”. This paper questions the lack of nationality and regionality in current architecture industry, hopes to find the correct expression of Chinese traditional cultures in contemporary architectural design through case study, and aims to find the general application approach of traditional culture symbols in architecture.
The Test Study of Genetic Creep Kernel Function of Artificial Frozen Clay and its Parameters
Authors: Lin Bin , Chen Zhi Bo , Ma Tao
Published: October 2011

The test study the creep property of artificial frozen clay at different frozen temperature by independently developed uniaxial creep testing machine WDT-100, the test result indicated that the nonlinear creep property of deep artificial frozen clay can be described by the function as ε=atb. It is found that the creep of deep frozen clay can be calculated by genetic theory through contrastive study, analysis of parameters of genetic creep kernel function shows that the parameter a and creep stress are exponential relationship while linear correlation with test temperature, parameter b is only related to creep stress.
Frequency Response of a Fractional Derivative Viscoelastic Type Lined Tunnel with Partial Sealing
Authors: Gao Hua Xi , Wen Min Jie , Li Rong Xin
Published: October 2011

Based on Biot saturated soil theory, steady state dynamic response of the system is studied in the frequency domain when the inner boundary of a fractional derivative viscoelastic type circular lined tunnel is under the axisymmetric load and fluid pressure respectively. On the basis of introducing a partial permeable boundary condition, the solutions of stress, displacement and pore pressure of the lining and saturated soil are obtained by the inner boundary of the lining and continuity conditions of the interface, besides, the stress-displacement constitutive behavior of the lining is described by fractional derivative viscoelastic constitutive model. The influence of physical parameter on the system response is investigated. It is shown that the order of fractional derivative model has a great influence on the system dynamic response, and it depends on material parameter of the lining when the inner boundary of lining is subjected to axisymmetric load. The permeability parameter of lining has significant effects on system response induced by fluid pressure.
Security Control Method of Loading for Surcharge Preloading Based on the Stress Path
Authors: Hu Heng , Li Yan , Dong Zhi Liang , Luo Yan , Zhang Gong Xin
Published: October 2011

All the time, security control method of loading is an important research part in the surcharge preloading, which is directly related to safety of the construction process. Starting from the stress path, discussing the variation of excess pore water pressure and relationship between stress path and security, and bringing forward the control method with a safety factor Fs based on the stress path. By measuring the change of excess pore water pressure, the control method with a safety factor Fs can reflect quantitatively the security status of soil and achieve the purpose of the process control, finally the security control method including the safety factor of loading and speed control is put forward to monitor construction safety. The safety factor of loading Fs is verified and back analyzed with the finite-element software, getting the correction factor from 0.90 to 1.20.