bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
เนื้อหาละครโทรทัศน์เกาหลีกับการเปลี่ยนทัศนคติเกี่ยวกับความรุนแรงในทางย้อนแย้งของคู่รักวัยรุ่นไทย: กรณีศึกษาละครโทรทัศน์เรื่อง princess hour, you who came from the stars and crash landing on you
Authors:   , กรีธาพล วริศรา
Published: April 2023

วิทยานิพนธ์เล่มนี้เป็นการวิจัยเชิงคุณภาพ มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อ (1) ตีความเนื้อหาละครโทรทัศน์เกาหลีที่สามารถเปลี่ยนทัศนคติเกี่ยวกับความรุนแรงในทางย้อนแย้งของคู่รักวัยรุ่นไทย โดยศึกษาจากละครโทรทัศน์เกาหลี 3 เรื่อง ได้แก่ Princess Hours, You Who Came from the Stars และ Crash Landing on You และ (2) ศึกษาทัศนคติเกี่ยวกับความรุนแรงของคู่รักวัยรุ่นไทยหลังจากการดูละครโทรทัศน์เกาหลี โดยศึกษาจากการสัมภาษณ์เชิงลึกคู่รักวัยรุ่นชาวไทยเพศชายและเพศหญิงอายุ 18-25 ปีที่รับชมและชื่นชอบละครโทรทัศน์เกาหลี ซึ่งผลการศึกษาพบว่า ละครโทรทัศน์เกาหลีสามารถเปลี่ยนทัศนคติเกี่ยวกับความรุนแรงในทางย้อนแย้งของคู่รักวัยรุ่นไทยในด้านความคิด ความรู้สึก และพฤติกรรม ด้วยการนำเสนอภาพตัวละครนำชายที่มีลักษณะของความเป็นชายแบบใหม่และความเป็นสุภาพบุรุษ รวมถึงการไม่ใช้ความรุนแรงกับคนรัก ซึ่งย้อนแย้งกับความเป็นจริงของสังคมเกาหลีที่เป็นสังคมปิตาธิปไตยและเพศชายมีการใช้ความรุนแรงต่อคู่รักของตน ซึ่งงานวิจัยนี้อาจเป็นแนวทางและความรู้สำหรับหน่วยงานที่เกี่ยวข้องในการสร้างเนื้อหาละครโทรทัศน์ให้สามารถเปลี่ยนทัศนคติเกี่ยวกับความรุนแรงของคู่รักวัยรุ่นไทย เพื่อลดการเรียนรู้และลอกเลียนแบบความรุนแรงจากสื่อ
การตรวจ MCM2 เพื่อทำนายการตอบสนองทางพยาธิวิทยาแบบ RCB0/I ภายหลังการให้ยาเคมีบำบัดก่อนผ่าตัดในผู้ป่วยมะเร็งเต้านมระยะต้นชนิดมีตัวรับฮอร์โมนและไม่มีตัวรับเฮอร์ทู
Authors:   , สุศิริวัฒนนนท์ ธิติฏฐ์
Published: April 2023

ความเป็นมา การตอบสนองทางพยาธิวิทยาภายหลังการได้รับยาเคมีบำบัดก่อนผ่าตัดมีความสัมพันธ์กับผลลัพธ์ทางคลินิก ปัจจุบันไม่มีปัจจัยใดที่สามารถทำนายการตอบสนองต่อยาเคมีบำบัดในมะเร็งเต้านมชนิดมีตัวรับฮอร์โมนและไม่มีตัวรับเฮอร์ทูได้อย่างแม่นยำ เช่นเดียวกับ Ki-67 การแสดงออกของโปรตีน MCM2 ซึ่งมีหน้าที่ควบคุมการสังเคราะห์ดีเอ็นเอในระดับสูงบ่งชี้ถึงการแบ่งตัวของเซลล์ที่รวดเร็ว และมีความสัมพันธ์กับการพยากรณ์โรคที่ไม่ดีในมะเร็งหลายชนิดรวมถึงมะเร็งเต้านม การศึกษานี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาการแสดงออกของ MCM2 ในชิ้นเนื้อก่อนได้รับยาเคมีบำบัดเพื่อทำนายการตอบสนองทางพยาธิวิทยาแบบ RCB 0/I ในมะเร็งเต้านมระยะต้นชนิดมีตัวรับฮอร์โมนและไม่มีตัวรับเฮอร์ทู วิธีการศึกษา ทบทวนเวชระเบียนอิเล็กทรอนิกส์ของผู้ป่วยมะเร็งเต้านมระยะต้นชนิดมีตัวรับฮอร์โมนและไม่มีตัวรับเฮอร์ทูที่ได้รับยาเคมีบำบัดก่อนผ่าตัดในโรงพยาบาลจุฬาลงกรณ์ ระหว่าง 1 มกราคม 2558 - 31 ธันวาคม 2563 นำชิ้นเนื้อก่อนได้รับยาเคมีบำบัดตรวจการแสดงออกของ MCM2 ด้วยการย้อมอิมมูโนฮิสโตเคมีและทบทวนลักณะทางพยาธิวิทยาเพื่อคำนวน RCB index ในชิ้นเนื้อหลังได้รับยาเคมีบำบัด คำนวนการติดสีของ MCM2 ด้วยโปรแกรมวิเคราะห์ภาพ Aperio Imagescope ผลการวิจัย ผู้ป่วยทั้งหมด 88 คน มีค่ามัธยฐานอายุ 49 ปี (พิสัย 27-80 ปี) 61.4% เป็นวัยก่อนหมดประจำเดือน มีระยะโรคมะเร็งทางคลินิก cT4 และ cN1 40% และ 66.7% ตามลำดับ เป็นมะเร็งเต้านมชนิด invasive ductal carcinoma 91.1% มีระดับทางพยาธิวิทยาระดับที่ 2 58.9% มีการแสดงออกของ ER >10% 92.2% และสถานะ PR เป็นลบ 22.2% ในชิ้นเนื้อมะเร็งเต้านมทั้งหมด 72 ชิ้นที่สามารถย้อม MCM2 และประเมิน RCB index ได้ พบว่าการแสดงออกของ MCM2 >=40% มีความสัมพันธ์กับการตอบสนองทางพยาธิวิทยาแบบ RCB 0/I อย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติจากการวิเคราะห์แบบ univariate analysis (OR = 18.33 ช่วงความเชื่อมั่น 95% = 1.88-178.98 p-value = 0.012) ปัจจัยทางพยาธิวิทยาคลินิกที่พบว่ามีความสัมพันธ์กับ MCM2 >=40% คือ ระดับของพยาธิวิทยาระดับที่ 3 การแสดงออกของ ER <=10% สถานะ PR เป็นลบ และ Ki-67 >=20% แต่ในการวิเคราะห์แบบ multivariate analysis ไม่มีปัจจัยทางพยาธิวิทยาคลินิกใดสัมพันธ์กับการตอบสนองทางพยาธิวิทยาแบบ RCB 0/I ลักษณะทางอิมมูโนฮิสโตเคมีก่อนและหลังให้ยาเคมีบำบัดมีลักษณะโดยรวมใกล้เคียงกัน ค่ามัธยฐานของการปลอดโรค และอัตราการปลอดโรคที่ 3 ปี ไม่มีความแตกต่างกันอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติระหว่างผู้ป่วยที่มีการตอบสนองทางพยาธิวิทยาแบบ RCB 0/I และ RCB II/III สรุปผลการวิจัย การแสดงออกของ MCM2 >=40% ด้วยการตรวจทางอิมมูโนฮิสโตเคมี ในชิ้นเนื้อก่อนได้รับยาเคมีบำบัดของผู้ป่วยมะเร็งเต้านมระยะต้นชนิดมีตัวรับฮอร์โมนและไม่มีตัวรับเฮอร์ทู มีความสัมพันธ์กับการตอบสนองแบบ RCB 0/I การตรวจการแสดงออกของ MCM2 อาจช่วยทำนายประโยชน์ของยาเคมีบำบัดก่อนผ่าตัดในผู้ป่วยกลุ่มนี้ได้ อย่างไรก็ตามควรมีการศึกษาเพิ่มเติมในประชากรที่มีขนาดใหญ่ขึ้นเพื่อยืนยันผลของการศึกษานี้
การวัดปริมาตรปอดโดยใช้ความต่างศักย์ไฟฟ้า เพื่อทำนายการเกิดถุงลมปอดแฟบ ระหว่างการลดแรงดันบวกในระยะสิ้นสุดการหายใจออก ในผู้ป่วยภาวะทางเดินหายใจล้มเหลวเฉียบพลันระยะฟื้นตัว
Authors:   , เสริมแก้ว ธันยวีร์
Published: April 2023

ที่มา: การลดแรงดันบวกในระยะสิ้นสุดการหายใจออก(PEEP)ในผู้ป่วยทางเดินหายใจลำบากเฉียบพลันระยะฟื้นตัว(recovering ARDS) หากทำด้วยความไม่เหมาะสมอาจทำให้เกิดภาวะถุงลอมปอดแฟบ(lung collapse) ออกซิเจนในเลือดต่ำและหย่าเครื่องช่วยหายใจไม่สำเร็จ การวัดปริมาตรปอดที่ลดลงจากการลดแรงดันบวกระยะสิ้นสุดการหายใจออกโดยใช้เครื่องช่วยหายใจ(EELV changes) สามารถทำนายการเกิดถุงลมปอดแฟบได้ การใช้เครื่องวัดความต่างศักย์ไฟฟ้า(EIT)สามารถวัดปริมาตรปอดได้แม่นยำใกล้เคียงกับเอกซเรย์คอมพิวเตอร์ซึ่งเป็นวิธีมาตรฐาน จึงนำมาศึกษาเพื่อใช้ในการทำนายภาวะถุงลมปอดแฟบหลังลดแรงดันบวกในระยะสิ้นสุดการหายใจออก

วิธีการศึกษา: ทำการศึกษาโดย prospective interventional study ในผู้ป่วยทางเดินหายใจลำบากเฉียบพลันระยะฟื้นตัว คือ มีค่า PF ratio ≥ 150 mmHg และ PEEP ≥ 8 cmH2O ทำการวัดปริมาตรปอดโดยใช้เครื่องช่วยหายใจ nitrogen washin-washout technique (EELV) วัดปริมาตรปอดโดยใช้เครื่องวัดความต่างศักย์ไฟฟ้า(delta EELI global) และพารามิเตอร์อื่นๆ ที่เวลา 5 นาที 30 นาที และ 120 นาที ภายหลังการลด PEEP 2 cmH2O เพื่อทำนายการเกิดถุงลมปอดแฟบ คือ SpO2 ลดลง ≥ 3% หรือ PaO2 ลดลง ≥10% ผลการศึกษาหลักคือการใช้พารามิเตอร์ของ EIT ทำนายการเกิดถุงลมปอดแฟบภายใน 120 นาทีภายหลังการลด PEEP ผลการศึกษารองคือศึกษาความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างการวัดปริมาตรปอดจากทั้ง 2 วิธีและพารามิเตอร์อื่นๆที่สามารถนำมาใช้ในการทำนายการเกิดถุงลมปอดแฟบได้

ผลการศึกษา: ทำการศึกษาทั้งหมด 27 หัตถการในผู้ป่วย 12 ราย ทั้งหมดมีสาเหตุจากปอดอักเสบ มีค่า PF ratio เฉลี่ย 256.5 mmHg พบการเกิดถุงลมปอดแฟบ 14 ครั้ง (51.8%) ปริมาตรปอดวัดโดย EIT (∆ EELI global) ที่เวลา 5 นาทีหลังการลด PEEP ไม่สามารถนำมาใช้ทำนายการเกิดถุงลมปอดแฟบได้ แต่ปริมาตรปอดที่วัดโดยเครื่องช่วยหายใจ (%∆EELV) ที่เวลา 5 นาทีและ 30 นาทีภายหลังการลด PEEP สามารถนำมาใช้ทำนายการเกิดถุงลมปอดแฟบได้โดยใช้จุดตัด 10% และ 7% โดยมี odd ratio 12.5 และ 7.5 ตามลำดับ ไม่พบความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างการวัดปริมาตรปอดจาก 2 วิธี (r=0.002) ทำการวิเคราะห์ภายหลัง (post hoc analysis) พบว่า การลดความชันของกราฟการเปลี่ยนแปลงความต่างศักย์ไฟฟ้าของปอดส่วนด้านหลัง (EELI slope decline at the dorsal part of the lung) ที่เวลา 5 นาทีเป็นปัจจัยทำนายการเกิดถุงลมปอดแฟบที่ดี มีความไว 85.7% ความแม่นยำ 76.2% โดยมี odd ratio 20

สรุป: การใช้ EIT ระหว่างการลด PEEP ในผู้ป่วยทางเดินหายใจลำบากเฉียบพลันระยะฟื้นตัว การเปลี่ยนแปลงปริมาตรปอดวัดโดย ∆ EELI global ไม่สามารถนำมาใช้ทำนายการเกิดถุงลมปอดแฟบได้ และไม่มีความสัมพันธ์กับการวัดปริมาตรปอดโดยใช้เครื่องช่วยหายใจ (EELV) แต่พบว่าการลดความชันของกราฟการเปลี่ยนแปลงความต่างศักย์ไฟฟ้าของปอดส่วนด้านหลัง (EELI slope decline at the dorsal part of the lung) สามาถนำมาใช้ทำนายการเกิดถุงลมปอดแฟบได้โดยมีความไวและความแม่นยำที่ดี
Health Risk Assessment of Particulate matter associated with Polychlorinated biphenyls and Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Bangkok and Chiang mai, Thailand
Authors:   , Punvitayakul Nareerat
Published: April 2023

Atmospheric pollutants have become a severe problem in creating health issues in Thailand. Due to the increase in fine particles in the air environment, the city population is facing acute respiratory problems. For understanding the concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) and Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 24 samplings were done in Chiangmai and Bangkok of Thailand using Polyurethane (PUF) disk passive samplers.  There were five sampling sites in Bangkok, and three in Chiang Mai. Data were collected in the dry season from December 2018- June 2019. A total of 24 samples were extracted and further quantitatively analyzed by the standard method using GC-MS. Both PAHs and PCBs concentrations increased during the dry season. In Chiang Mai, the maximum total PAH concentration was found to be 848 ng/m3, which was higher than that of Bangkok, max. concentration was found to be 455 ng/m3. On the other hand, the max of the total PCBs found in Bangkok was 15 pg/m3 were higher than that in Chiang Mai which is max. value 2.63 pg/m3. However, Bangkok sites had more dominant species PAHs than in Chiang Mai. Particularly, during haze episodes of Bangkok and Chiang Mai from December 2018 to April 2019. The potential sources of PAHs were found as the combined emission of diesel and gasoline vehicles and biomass combustion. The carcinogenic risk associated with inhalation exposure to PAHs and PCBs was estimated to be between 10-4-10-6 at some sampling point. It may cause a health effect for people who live in this area for a long term of exposure. The analyzed PAHs and PCBs species indicated their potential sources that related to both biomass burning and traffic in Bangkok and Chiangmai. However, the pollutants' level also had seasonal variations. therefore, air quality management is an essential issue that needs to be monitored in these provinces (cities) of Thailand.
Policy engagements for a just decarbonisation: China’s 2060 carbon neutrality pledge’s ramifications on the coal industry workforce in Shanxi
Authors:   , Charriaut Lucile
Published: April 2023

To achieve its ambitious carbon neutrality pledge by 2060, China, whose energy mix is still largely dominated by coal, must progressively phase out coal-fired power plants. Being highly polluting, coal is no longer perceived as suitable to promote a sustainable, clean, and long-standing economy. Shanxi, a landlocked northern province, is considered one of China’s most coal-dependent provinces and accounts for a colossal coal workforce depending on the industry. Such a transition will, therefore, considerably alter the economic prospects and labour relations of this province. Considering the inevitability to lay off coal workers, the objective of this thesis is to determine how just China’s policies are in the context of Shanxi’s decarbonisation and the impacts of the transition on coal workers. Specifically, it examines if Shanxi will lead a ‘just decarbonisation’, emphasising a just transition in industries to be decarbonised with respect to the right to decent work.

To answer the main research question, this thesis conducted a qualitative content analysis of available policy documents that support coal workers in Shanxi, as well as semi-structured interviews with experts of China’s environmental policies. The analysis closely examined the formulation of support policies to determine whether they are mentioning keywords in alignment with the just decarbonisation concept. Through a human rights-based approach, the concept of environmental justice, and the political concept of fragmented authoritarianism, this paper found that numerous policies are available to support coal workers throughout unemployment and re-employment. 

These results suggest that different needs and employment difficulties are identified and highly recognised in the formulation of policy documents. Nevertheless, aspects of procedural justice, involving the use of participatory approaches, were the least retrieved in the policy analysis in consideration of China’s top-down bureaucratic structure. The thesis concludes that within various relevant policies, numerous measures are available to ensure a just decarbonisation, although the challenge of their successful implementation is not yet assured.
Thailand as a performative state : an analysis of Thailand’s cultural diplomacy towards the people’s republic of China
Authors:   , Kietigaroon Natdanai
Published: April 2023

Thailand as a performative state is a research that looked at the cultural dimensions of Thailand’s diplomacy, by taking the alternative view on Thai cultural diplomacy towards PRC. Thai cultural diplomacy, according to existing literature, revolves around promoting Thainess. However, in the case of China, Thailand has been using Chineseness as Thai cultural diplomacy. The research specifically looked at five Thai state actors that are most involved with Chineseness, namely, the royal family, the government, the Ministry of Culture, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and the Tourism Authority of Thailand. Two questions were raised in this research. Firstly, how Chineseness is being used in Thai cultural diplomacy, where the research will lay out events, initiatives, speeches, etc. from the Thai state, that constitute as Chineseness. The research, then, categorizes how Chineseness is being promoted by the Thai State actors, by analyzing the initiatives as Old Chineseness as portrayed by Sampheng Chinese community or New Chineseness as portrayed by Huai Khwang Chinese community, two largest, yet, very distinctive Chinese communities in Bangkok. Findings show that Old Chineseness is portrayed more across all five Thai state actors.

Consequently, the question of why does the Thai State use Sampheng Chineseness in Thai cultural diplomacy is asked, which will throw light on why the Old Chineseness, portrayed by old Chinese communities in Thailand like Sampheng, is still represented in Thai cultural diplomacy, even more than the new and modern-day Sino-centric Chineseness, that is more attached to the present-day PRC. The findings proved that Old Chineseness is used more because of the assimilated Sampheng Chinese community and how they have integrated into Thai society, Chinese state’s influence over Thai cultural diplomacy, and the royal family’s personal interests in Chineseness.
Factors influencing the foreign direct investmet inflow in tourism industry in Thailand
Authors:   , Tubtimtong Pitchapa
Published: April 2023

Tourism industry has been considered as an important part of the Thai economy since tourism helps support many tourism businesses, increase employment, and compensate for other industries presenting weak growth, which will generate high income for Thailand continuously. This paper employs multiple regression by using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method to investigate factors influencing Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows in tourism industry in Thailand over the period 2000 - 2019, especially the effect of tourism- induced factors on FDI inflows including growth of tourism industry, tourism average spending, and tourism demand volume. Quarterly data using in this paper is based on secondary sources and prior studies in order to identify the issue and analyze their importance. The obtained results indicate that interest rate, growth of tourism industry, tourism revenues, and number of international tourist arrivals significantly impact on FDI inflow in the industry. The paper also mentions about expansion of policies and measurements, and development of sustainable tourism in the future in order to attract FDI to the industry.
Factor for Thai transgender women having Korean stlyed aesthetic surgery
Authors:   , Meksuteepitak Sahatta
Published: April 2023

This research investigated some important factors affecting decision of Thai transgender women having Korean-styled aesthetic surgery. There were two main objectives for this research, which were 1) to study Thai transgender women’s opinion and attitude toward Korean-styled aesthetic surgery, and 2) to identify the factors that affect decision on having Korean-styled aesthetic surgery for Thai transgender women.

This research adopted a quantitative approach using online questionnaire as the research instrument. 375 sets of questionnaire were collected in this research. All questionnaires were filled by Thai transgender women who have had through Korean-styled aesthetic surgery. The data were summarized using descriptive statistics and formula were established by multiple regression.

 Most of respondents were in age range between 20-29 years old with education level as bachelor’s degree, working as employee for private company with monthly income between 15,001-25,000 baht. The regression result showed that the decision on having Korean-styled aesthetic surgery for Thai transgender women are significantly influenced by Korea aesthetic surgery attitude, body dissatisfaction and gender identity disorder, Korean wave, love and mate selection and marketing mix. The implication was found that Korean aesthetic surgery attitude, bodydissatisfaction and gender identity disorder, Marketing mix in terms of price were in inverse correlation with significant level at .05
Influences of Korean presenters toward Thai consumers
Authors:   , Makchaisataporn Pilaiwan
Published: April 2023

The objectives of this research are to investigate the relationship between Korean Wave in Thailand and Thai consumers resulting in Thai products hiring South Korean as the brand presenter to promote its products in Thailand. This study is focusing on Thai products with South Korean presenters from 2007 to the present as well as studying the factors of the consumers' decision to purchase in Thai products with South Korean presenters, such as general consumer information, attitude towards products with South Korean presenters, external influences affecting product consumption, and product consumption behavior. However, this study provided a questionnaire to consumers who have perceived, used the service, or bought in Thai products with South Korean presenter, including in-depth interviews with Thai products distributor companies hiring South Korean as the brand presenter. By using qualitative and quantitative studies in data analysis, the sample group was divided into 400 people in Thailand between 18 years old and 50 years old. The result of the study showed that most consumers are in bachelor's degree education, aged 20-29 years and the motivation that consumers decide to use the service or buy in Thai products with South Korean presenters: first, the South Korean presenters of products are actors and singers. When talking about Thai products with South Korean presenters, most consumers think of Taokaenoi, and Masita, and Kasikorn Bank, respectively. Most of the consumers have used the service or bought in Thai products with South Korean presenters more than 5 times, which the consumers often decide to buy a product categories such as cosmetics, food, and electronic devices, respectively. Moreover, the consumer's perspective showed that Thai services or products with a South Korean presenters are still popular for a long time.With this reason mentioned above, therefore, we conducted this research.
The study of makeup of Thai female fans influencing from K-POP idols: Blackpink
Authors:   , Parivatphun Nichakon
Published: April 2023

With the increasing popularity of Korean idols in Thailand, it has become a trend among teenagers to follow their fashion, hair, and makeup. Korean Wave or Hallyu idols have become the object of envy of fans, and it is easy to find the behavioral trends of teenagers trying to imitate and follow their idols. 

The purpose of this research is to explore the make-up behavior of Thai female fans influenced by BLACKPINK and analyze the reasons and motivations in following the make-up behavior of their idol. The Attitude/Motivation Test Battery (AMTB), developed by Gardner (1985), was used for measuring the degree of attitude and motivation of fans behavior. 

Through this study, the following conclusion can be drawn. First, the influence of BLACKPINK’s make-up style on Thai female fans is at a high degree. Fans can form identity, can create confidence and can make friends when they have imitated BLACKPINK’s make-up behavior. Second, the results demonstrate that the high level of the influence from BLACKPINK’s fans due to their attitude to beloved idols is always good.
Metaphors in U.S. Same-sex marriage discourse: a corpus-based study
Authors:   , Amarinthnukrowh Pongbodin
Published: April 2023

This research aims to investigate metaphorical patterns in the US legalization of same-sex marriage discourse to shed light on how metaphor is employed to conceptualize same-sex marriage controversies. To this end, a specialized corpus which contains 254 news articles published in 2015 was compiled. The metaphorical expressions in the corpus were analyzed with both  “Conceptual Metaphor Theory” (CMT) and “Conceptual Blending Theory” (CBT) to cover not simply the pedestrian uses of metaphors, but also the wild and creative expressions. Specifically, while conventional metaphors were analyzed following the CMT traditions, novel metaphors were analyzed through the lens of blending. The results of this study show that the same-sex marriage controversy is construed primarily by 8 types of metaphors, namely the COMPETITION MF, the Location ESM, ontological, Building/Construction, Religion and the Supernatural, Crime, Light and Darkness, and Disease/Illness metaphors. The supporters of same-sex marriage utilize the COMPETITION MF to highlight social inequity and struggles the LGBT people are facing and empower one another, whereas the opponents use this type of metaphors to construe themselves as a protector of righteousness and construct the opposing side as a violent, harmful group of people. While the Location ESM is absent from the discourse of the opponents of same-sex marriage, it is employed by the supporters to highlight the struggle and efforts toward achieving worthwhile goals. Ontological metaphors function mostly as building blocks for more complex metaphorical expressions. The Building/Construction and the Religion and the Supernatural metaphors are mainly an extension of ontological metaphors. And the Crime, Light and Darkness, and Disease/Illness metaphors are utilized to add negative viewpoints toward the target concepts.
Processing of English passive construction in L1 Thai learners
Authors:   , Chantajinda Vatcharit
Published: April 2023

The objective of this research study is to examine Thai learners’ comprehension of English passive sentences focusing on Thai thùuk-passives, which are usually found in adversative contexts (Po-ngam, 2008; Prasithrathsint, 2010) which are prototypical in thùuk-passives and can also be used in neutral contexts (Prasithrathsint, 2001, 2006), and on be-passives in English, which can be found in all contexts. This work classified English verbs into three types using adversity and naturalness in Thai thùuk-passives, namely Verb Type 1 (adversative and natural in Thai thùuk-passives, e.g., destroy), Verb Type 2 (non-adversative and natural in Thai thùuk-passives, e.g., buy), and Verb Type 3 (unnatural in Thai thùuk-passives, e.g., heal). 

In EXPERIMENT 1, an acceptability judgment task (AJT) was employed to measure Thai learners’ comprehension of English passives after they finished reading each sentence.  Twenty intermediate and twenty advanced learners participated in this experiment. A two-way ANOVA revealed that proficiency levels affected Thai learners’ acceptability of and they judged sentences with Verb Type 1 significantly more acceptable that those with Verb Type 2 and those with Verb Type 3. Moreover, sentences with Verb Type 2 were likely to be more acceptable than those with Verb Type 3. Positive transfer from L1 possibly helped Thai students accept Verb Type 1 more than the other two verb types.

In EXPERIMENT 2, a self-paced reading task (SPRT) was used to examine learners’ online comprehension of English passives. Twenty intermediate and twenty advanced learners participated in this experiment. A two-way ANOVA indicated that proficiency levels likely affected their reading times and they read sentences with Verb Type 1 faster than those with Verb Type 2. They, additionally, tended to read sentences with Verb Type 3 faster than those with Verb Type 2. Since Verb Type 1 is the most natural verb type in Thai thùuk-passives, positive transfer can be at work when learners read English passives, unlike Verb Type 2 which is non-prototypical. Additionally, they processed Verb Type 3 relatively fast since the sentences were atypical in L1.

In summary, Thai learners performed well when the stimuli sentences comprised Verb Type 1 in the two experiments. Adversity, moreover, played a crucial role in learners’ comprehension of English passives. In addition, language transfer was discovered to be more obvious in the advanced learners. This is possibly due to the fact that they were highly aware of dissimilarities between L1 and L2 passives. The patterns found in the two tasks focusing on different comprehension processes differed to some extent possibly due to task effects.
Factors influencing adoption and usage probability of automated parcel lockers
Authors:   , Thongkam Orawee
Published: April 2023

The study proposes a model to predict probability to use Automated Parcel Locker (APL) in Bangkok by adopting Multiple Linear Regression.   In addition, to help business to market to the right target and increase the intention to use, the study investigates factors influencing Intention to use APL by employing Structural Equation Model (SEM). The framework is developed based on Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and other external factors.  The questionaries were conducted for both methods with 718 observation and 500 responses, randomly selected.

The results show that variables best predict probability to use APL is price set with discount, followed by location of APL, travelling distance, and demographic factors (age, gender, education, occupation, and individual income). Moreover, from SEM analysis, it shows that Trialability has strong positive impact to Perceived Ease of use and Perceived Usefulness, which positively impact to Attitude and Intention to use respectively. However, it also found out that Transaction cost, Technology anxiety and Perceived control do not impact on Intention to use.  For the last part of this study, the comparative analysis showed that if 10% of APL adoption is realized, 16% of carbon emission will be reduced based on given assumptions.
Variation of symbiodiniaceae in broadcaster acropora humilis and brooder pocillopora damicornis corals
Authors:   , Jandang Suppakarn
Published: April 2023

Reef-building corals sustain a symbiotic relationship with single-cell algae belonging to family Symbiodiniaceae. Symbiotic algae contribute up to 50-95% of the metabolic needs by supplying photosynthetic products to the coral host. Therefore, the symbiosis between corals and Symbiodiniaceae is essential for the development and survival of coral reefs. Over the past years, significant losses and changes in coral reef ecosystems have been caused by anthropogenic activities and natural phenomena. Thus, relevant national organizations have raised awareness regarding the conservation of coral populations. Our Reef Biology Research Group, Department of Marine Science, Chulalongkorn University have been producing corals using a sexual propagation technique for coral reef rehabilitation since 2003. Nevertheless, studies on coral background, including their biology and adaptation mechanism, are required for policy and/or action plan of coral reef management and conservation. This study consisted of three experiments that aimed to collect the related information on corals, especially coral spawning, and investigate the diversity of Symbiodiniaceae in corals from the upper GoT. Two Acropora species spawn their gametes around 8 PM to 9 PM across all lunar periods with no clear indication of lunar-associated cue. According to year data, asynchronous spawning occurs and may lead to the low success of fertilization and the decreased number of coral recruitments (Experiment 1). A. humilis and P. damicornis exhibited the shuffling and switching of Symbiodiniaceae community under hatchery conditions. However, we recorded the association of Symbiodiniaceae genus Symbiodininium with coral, which has never been reported before in Thailand (Experiment 2). Tagged colonies of wild Acropora and Pocillopora corals showed a significant decline in zooxanthellae cells during summer, but the community of Symbiodiniaceae exhibited no change throughout the year (Experiment 3). The results from this study are useful for understanding the coral life cycle and coral-Symbiodiniaceae relationship, which can be applied to the prediction of potential adaptation of corals in localized reef environments and improve coral cultivation and conservation in Thailand.
Harmonic analysis of Riesz-type transforms arising in nonlocal partial differential equations
Authors:   , Yeepo Sasikarn
Published: April 2023

where s ∈ (0, 1) and g is a given function, has been widely studied under different
assumptions on the kernel K. In this work, we introduce an operator associated
to the above nonlocal equation via Riesz potential. Under assumptions that K is
measurable, symmetric and elliptic, we obtain that such an operator is a CalderónZygmund operator
Strict stability of fixed points and iteration schemes
Authors:   , Tontan Kittisak
Published: April 2023

In this thesis, we introduce the concept of a strictly stable  fixed point of a selfmap and investigate the relationship among various types of fixed point stability. We prove that all fixed point of a quasi-nonexpansive map is strictly stable and extend the concept of a strictly stable fixed point of a selfmap to an iteration scheme. We  introduce the concept of convexly strictly stable fixed points of selfmaps and apply it to obtain virtual stability of some well-known iteration schemes in a convex subset of a Banach space.
Determination of field output correction factors of radiophoto luminescent glass dosimeter in 6 mv small photon beams
Authors:   , Yabsantia Sumalee
Published: April 2023

The objective of this study was to determine the field output correction factors of radiophotoluminescent glass dosimeter (RPLGD) for 6 MV photon beams by using Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. The ratios of absorbed dose of water and RPLGD were calculated using egs_chamber code for 6 MV, 90-cm SSD, 10-cm depth, and field size range from 0.5 × 0.5 to 10 × 10 cm2. Then the field output correction factors of RPLGD in perpendicular and parallel orientations were determined. Also, the volume averaging correction factors were discovered for supporting our results. Moreover, the comparison of measurement field output factors of RPLGD and that of CC01 determining using the field output correction factors from IAEA-AAPM TRS483 were performed to validate the field output correction factors in this study. For the results of the ratio of reading, the perpendicular RPLGD exhibited the underestimation for all field sizes. Parallel RPLGD showed underestimation for field size down to 1 × 1 cm2. In contrast, the overestimation was observed for lower field sizes. The field output correction factors of RPLGD were introduced. For the smallest field size, the field output correction factors of parallel RPLGD was within 5%, while perpendicular RPLGD was high up to 19%. The significant deviation of the field output correction factors in perpendicular RPLGD for the smallest field size because of a large volume averaging effect of 27%, while this effect was minimal in parallel RPLGD. The field output correction factor less than unity was observed in parallel orientation owing to the effect of the high density of RPLGD material. The percentage differences of field output factors comparing with CC01 were less than 3% for all field sizes, except the smallest field size of RPLGD in perpendicular. In conclusion, the field output correction factors of parallel RPLGD were practical for small field output factor measurement until field size down to 0.6 × 0.6 cm2. In comparison, RPLGD in perpendicular was practical for field size down to 1 × 1 cm2.
Development and dosimetric verification of 3D customized bolus in radiotherapy
Authors:   , Chatchumnan Nichakan
Published: April 2023

Bolus is a tissue equivalent material that is commonly used to reduce the skin-sparing effect in radiotherapy. The commercial flat bolus cannot form perfect contact with the irregular surface of the patient’s skin, resulting in an air gap, especially in irregular surface shape. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of two types of silicone rubber bolus, RA-00AB, and RA-05AB that were made as to the fabricated flat and 3D customized bolus using 3D printing technology. The 1 cm thick boluses were made from two types of silicone rubber solutions. The point dose and planar dose differences were evaluated by comparing with virtual bolus using gamma index from SNC-patient software. The physical properties were also evaluated by comparing with a commercial one. For the 3D customized bolus, the bolus shell was designed at the nose, cheek, and neck region from the Fusion 360 program. Then print out the shell with the 3D printer and filled the shell with silicone rubber solution. The dosimetric effect of 3D customized bolus was compared to commercial bolus situation by virtual bolus as a reference. The point dose differences between RA-00AB and RA-05AB silicone rubber model compared with commercial bolus were lesser than 0.4%, while the planar dose differences of both models at 2%/2mmm gamma criteria were the same result more than 99% pass. The thickness, density, Hounsfield unit (HU), and dose attenuation of customized bolus were quite the same as a commercial bolus. When a 3D customized bolus was placed on the RANDO phantom, it showed a very good fit against the irregular surface shape compared with the commercial bolus. Gamma passing rate of 3D customized was higher than commercial bolus for all regions, build-up doses increased and the target volume obviously presented more uniform doses compared to the without bolus situation. A silicone rubber bolus produced the feasible dosimetric properties of a commercial bolus and could save cost when compared to a commercial bolus. The 3D printed customized bolus is a good buildup material and could potentially replace and improve treatment efficiency.
Patient-specific organ dose calculated by dose tracking software based on monte carlo simulation in pediatric abdominal CT
Authors:   , Innan Yuparak
Published: April 2023

This study aimed to determine the patient-specific organ doses using Radimetrics dose tracking software in pediatric abdominal CT at Praram9 Hospital. The organ doses were measured using the anthropomorphic Rando phantom inserted with radiophotoluminescent glass dosimeters (RPLGDs) to verify the organ doses calculated by Radimetrics program. The retrospective data were collected from pediatric abdominal CT 164 studies (78 patients), age range 0-15 years-old), who underwent single phase abdominal CT at Praram9 Hospital. The tube voltages ranged between 80 and 135 kVp were adjusted according to the size and age of patients, and rotation time 0.35-0.5 sec. All patients were acquired using the automatic exposure control (AEC) protocol. The organ and effective doses (ED) calculations were calculated based on the Monte Carlo simulation internally determined by Radimetrics in accordance with patient age derived from stylized computational phantom models. The size-specific dose estimates (SSDE) were calculated based on the effective diameter method. The %difference of the organ doses compared between glass dosimeters and Radimetrics ranged from 8.88-51.58%. Five highest average organ doses were found in kidneys, stomach, urinary bladder, upper large intestine, and spleen for 15-yrs patients, with the values of 18.44, 17.07, 16.74, 16.47 and 16.14 mGy, respectively. The average ED for abdominal CT in newborn, 1, 5, 10 and 15-yrs were 2.24, 3.23, 4.05, 4.46 and 8.46 mSv, respectively. Average SSDE were 2.72, 4.52, 6.15, 2.28 and 14.21 mGy, respectively. In conclusion, patient-specific organ, and effective doses from 0 through 15-years-old can be determined effectively using dose tracking software. As the various sizes of pediatric patients, the patient ED and SSDE were correlated with patient’s body weight rather than the patient age.
Detection of leptospires by RPA-NALFIA and CRISPR-Cas12a
Authors:   , Jirawannaporn Sirawit
Published: April 2023

The key barrier in leptospirosis diagnosis is a lack of available sensitive point-of-care testing. Therefore, we aimed to develop and validate nucleic acid lateral flow immunoassay (NALFIA) and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 12a (CRISPR/Cas12a) platform combined with isothermal amplification to detect leptospires from extracted patients' DNA samples. A recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA)-NALFIA and RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a assay was designed to detect the LipL32, SecY and lfb1 genes of pathogenic Leptospira spp. The RPA-NALFIA targeting LipL32 observed the LOD at 105 copies/reaction. In comparison, the RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a targeting LipL32 and SecY demonstrated a limit of detection (LOD) of 100 copies/reaction, with no cross-reactivity against other acute febrile illnesses. However, RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a targeting lfb1 failed to detect the leptospira spp. The clinical performance of the RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a assay targeting LipL32 was validated with DNA extracted from 110 clinical specimens and then compared with qPCR detection of Leptospira spp. Relative to the qPCR detection, the RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a assay showed 85.2% sensitivity, 100% specificity, and 92.7% accuracy. We also developed a lateral flow detection assay (LFDA) combined with RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a to make this test more accessible for use and easier to read. The combined LFDA showed a similar LOD of 100 copies/reaction could correctly distinguish between known positive and negative clinical samples in a pilot study. The RPA-NALFIA targeting LipL32 demonstrated acceptable sensitivity and excellent specificity for leptospires detection. This assay might be an appropriate test for acute leptospirosis screening in limited-resource settings.
Effects of topical application of combined phyllanthus emblica linn. and simvastatin on diabetic wound in mice
Authors:   , Liao Tingting
Published: April 2023

Non-healing diabetic foot ulcers are the most common cause of lower extremity amputation. Drug combination treatment is the most recent emerging strategy in local treatment of diabetic wound. This study aimed to find out the combined effects and underlying mechanisms of combined Phyllanthus emblica Linn. (PE) and simvastatin (SIM) on diabetic wound in mice. Male BALB/C mice were divided into five groups: control group (CON+Vehicle), diabetic wounded group (DM+Vehicle, streptozotocin 45 mg/kg. i.p. daily for 5 days), diabetic wounded groups with daily treatment of 100%PE cream, 5%SIM cream, and 100%PE+5%SIM combined cream, w/v, for 4 days, 7 days and 14 days. Mice bilateral full thickness wound excision was made after diabetic mice model establishment. Wound tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) level, IL-6 protein level, number of infiltrated neutrophils, percentages of wound closure (%WC), percentage of capillary vascularity (%CV) and percentage of re-epithelialization (%RE) were analyzed. The results showed that PE and simvastatin combination treatment increased %WC significantly on day 14. PE and simvastatin combination treatment increased %CV significantly both on day 7 and day 14. PE and simvastatin combination treatment downregulated number of infiltrated neutrophils significantly on both day 4 and day 7. PE and simvastatin combination treatment has tendency to reduce IL-6 protein level in diabetic wound both on day 4 and day 7. Further, PE and simvastatin combination treatment reduced MDA content significantly on day 4. Moreover, increasement of %CV had a strong positive correlation (r=0.7136, p=0.0019) with %WC on day 7. These findings showed that topical application of PE and simvastatin combination treatment could enhance wound healing by upregulating VEGF protein level, angiogenesis, and wound closure based on the combined effects on inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation in diabetic mice.
Developing a novel bioink from hyaluronic acid-alginate-silk fibroin (HA- Alg-SF) for cartilage 3D printing
Authors:   , Nguyen Truc
Published: April 2023

In the development of a bioink for cartilage 3D printing, Hyaluronic acid (HA), Alginate (Alg) were modified into amine-hyaluronic acid (HA-NH2) and aldehyde alginate (Alg-CHO). Magnetic Nuclear Resonance (NMR) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the successful modification of HA-NH2 and Alg-CHO. The hydrogel HA-Alg was crosslinked as a result of Schiff's base reaction, between primary amines and aldehydes to form imine bonds. By varying volume ratios, the optimal hydrogel HA-Alg (5:5) exhibited its printability, biocompatibility, and functionality as a bioink for cartilage tissue. HA-Alg (5:5) was printable with a custom-made extrusion 3D printer, had slow degradation, shear-thinning behavior, supported cell viability, proliferation, and chondrogenic differentiation. To prove that HA-Alg could act as a platform for entrapment of macromolecules, Silk fibroin (SF) which is a biocompatible protein was loaded into HA-Alg formulation to develop HA-Alg-SF hydrogel. The results showed that HA-Alg-SF hydrogel adapted to 3D printing, and promoted cartilage tissue formation. The addition of SF did not compromise the printability and cell viability of HA-Alg-SF hydrogel comparing to HA-Alg hydrogel, which suggested that HA-Alg hydrogel could be an interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) for loading other proteins, and growth factors for further applications.
Modeling genetic risk factor of alzheimer’s disease “SORL1” using patient specific pluripotent stem cells
Authors:   , Kongsri Kamonchanok
Published: April 2023

Alzheimer’s disease is the most common neurodegenerative; cause of dementia and trends to increase in elder society. There is still not cure. A new strategy development for treatment is needed. SORL1 is a major genetic risk factor associated with sporadic AD. It correlates with degrading amyloid beta (Aβ) by sorting to lysosome. SORL1 overexpression has been reported that reduce Aβ production. However, the molecular mechanism that regulate in neurons is still unclear. The purpose of this study is to generate an effective drug discovery platform for identifying molecules that can modulate SORL1 level in human neurons by using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) together with genome editing using CRISPR/Cas9 technology to generate human cortical neurons SORL1-EGFP reporter cells. Here, we demonstrated that we successfully generated SORL1-EGFP reporter iPSC cell lines which still retains pluripotency and when differentiates to cortical neurons in vitro, express EGFP at the location corresponding to the location of endogenous SORL1 and SORL1-EGFP could more expressed when induced by BDNF and cAMP. Moreover, we generated the activation SORL1 using CRISPR-on technique which highly specific to endogenous. The results indicated that sgRNASORL1 could activate and significantly increase SORL1 expression levels in human erythroleukemic cell line (K562). This model could advance our understanding of SORL1 regulation, mechanisms of neurodegeneration and the effective of SORL1 activated sgRNASORL1 might offer a platform to find new therapeutics for Alzheimer’s disease in further.
Modelling of cholangiocarcinogenesis by using pluripotent stem cell
Authors:   , Kittimawikrom Natthida
Published: April 2023

The exome sequencing study of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) revealed SMAD4 mutation was frequently observed. The role of SMAD4 to cholangiocarcinogenesis as well as cell origin of CCA are not fully understand. According to current CCA model including cell lines and animal models, it still limited in resembling human cells and early event during carcinogenesis. The objective of this study was to study the role of SMAD4 signaling disruption in cholangiocyte progenitors. To clarify these questions, we used induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to differentiate into cholangiocyte organoids by using growth factors induction in this study. The result demonstrated that cholangiocyte organoids were revealed cholangiocyte progenitor potential to long-term propagate (>8 months) and cholangiocyte-associated genes including hepatocyte-like cell conversion capacity. Our findings indicated that cholangiocyte organoids could represent as modelling for further CCA study. Additionally, we generated inducible SMAD4 knockout iPSC for SMAD4 knockout study in cholangiocyte organoids by using CRISPR/Cas9. Loss of SMAD4 in cholangiocyte organoids significantly affected on proliferation capacity, DNA damage-induced radiation response as well as tubular morphogenesis of cholangiocyte progenitors. The knowledge of SMAD4 knockout in cholangiocyte progenitors will provide more understanding of early event mechanism during cholangiocarcinogenesis and beneficial to develop CCA model in further study.
Effects of thiosulfate in artificial seawater on corrosion behaviour of 25Cr-3Ni-7Mn-0.66N new duplex stainless steel
Authors:   , Vongsilathai Songkran
Published: April 2023

In this research, the 25Cr-3Ni-7Mn-0.66N new duplex stainless steel (DSS) was fabricated by the vacuum arc re-melting (VAR) process, then deformed by hot-forging process, and subsequently heat-treated at 1250°C for 1 hr + water quenched + 1050°C for 1.5 hr + water quenched., based on the calculation of the phase diagram by Thermo-Calc software. The material characterisations and chemical compositions were examined by various methods. The corrosion behaviours of the new duplex in artificial seawater (ASW) after ASTM D1141 and in artificial seawater mixing with thiosulfate was studied at 25°C and compared with that of the 2205 standard DSS by electrochemical methods. The final microstructures are ferrite and austenite. The phase ratio of ferrite to austenite is 59:41. The secondary phases were not found in the new duplex grade. The electrochemical test results show that the corrosion behaviours of the new duplex grade were better than that of 2205 DSS in the ASW, but it was reversed in the acidified ASW mixing with thiosulfate. According to the Polarisation and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy test results, it is found that the corrosion behaviours on both duplex grades were more deteriorated when increasing the thiosulfate concentration in the acidified ASW mixing with thiosulfate. The pitting resistance of ferrite is lower than that of austenite since the pit exhibits in ferrite. It is confirmed by the PREN16 calculation results of ferrite and austenite. The Mott-Schottky analysis showed the bi-layer structure of the passive film in both the ASW and the acidified ASW mixing with thiosulfate. The passive film structure consists of the p-type semiconductor inner layer and the n-type semiconductor outer layer. In the ASW, the densities of cation and anion vacancies in the inner and outer layer of new duplex steel are lower than that of 2205 DSS, respectively. However, in the acidified ASW mixing with thiosulfate, the densities of cation and anion vacancies in the inner and outer layer of new duplex steel are higher than that of 2205 DSS, respectively. The corrosion behaviours of two duplex grades in both the ASW and the acidified ASW mixing with thiosulfate were discussed based on the Pourbaix diagram and the Point Defect Model (PDM).
Virtual patient-specific VMAT quality assurance using machine learning in radiotherapy
Authors:   , Thongsawad Sangutid
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study was to develop the virtual patient-specific VMAT QA based on the extracted features from the multileaf collimator (MLC) patterns and fluence map. The machine learning (ML) approach was used to develop the prediction (or regression model) and classification models. The input of models applied Multileaf collimator (MLC) patterns and fluence map as the key features, whereas gamma passing rates (GPR) results from patient-specific VMAT QA of electronic portal imaging devices (EPID) as the label or the response class for testing these models. Sensitivity and specificity scores were calculated for models’ accuracy. The highest sensitivity score was observed at the regression model, with 81.25% sensitivity, and the highest specificity score was also observed at the classification model with 66.67% specificity. The models’ accuracy can be improved by increasing the population in the training data set. This study indicated the virtual patient-specific VMAT QA (model-based prediction) using ML approach has feasibility for determining the VMAT plan risk that could fail the tolerance without actual QA measurement. Moreover, the virtual patient-specific VMAT QA shows the potential to corporate within the VMAT treatment planning process.