bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kentsel Estetiğin Muratpaşa İlçesi Örneğinde İrdelenmesi
Authors: Hammaloğlu Ayşe Gülnur , Akten Murat
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmada, çevrenin yalnızca insanın biyolojik gereksinmelerini karşılayan işlevsellik değil, aynı zamanda psikolojik, entelektüel gereksinmelerini de karşılayan estetik nitelikler de taşıması gerektiği hipotezinden yola çıkılarak kentleri oluşturan fiziksel çevrenin niteliklerinin yanı sıra taşıdıkları anlamları ve estetik anlamda nasıl algılandıklarının ortaya konulması hedeflenmiştir. Çalışmanın ana materyalini Antalya İli Muratpaşa İlçesine ait Güllük Caddesi, Cumhuriyet Meydanı ve Kapalı Yol mevkileri oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma alanlarına ait 33 adet fotoğraf kentsel estetiğin irdelenmesi amacıyla kullanılmıştır. Fotoğraflardaki görüntüler üzerinden kentsel estetik konusunda disiplinler arası uzman grubuna (Şehir plancısı, Peyzaj mimarı ve Yapı mimarı) foto anket ve anket çalışması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Daha sonra uzman grubu değerlendirmelerine yönelik en çok tercih edilen görüntülere ilişkin mekansal karakteristikler ortaya konulmuştur. Çıkan sonuçlarla, kentsel çevre algısı ve estetiğine yönelik düzenlemeler ve önlemler alınarak, kentin çağdaş yaşamın gereklilikleri ile birlikte uyumu sağlanacak ve böylece yaşanabilir alanlar olarak gelecek kuşaklara aktarılmasına katkı sağlanacaktır.
Pengelompokan Spesies Helicotylenchus (Nematoda: Hoplolaimidae) Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi
Authors: Alas Niemah , Gafur Abdul
Published: December 2020

Nematoda genus Helicotylenchus adalah salah satu organisme parasit yang dapat menyebabkan kerusakan pada tanaman dan dapat mengakibatkan penurunan produksi. Untuk genus ini sudah ada kompendium yang mencakup beberapa karakter diagnostik yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk identifikasi. Akan tetapi, karena tidak ada pengelompokan spesies, maka pemanfaatan itu belum bisa terwujud. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melakukan pengelompokan spesies-spesies Helicotylenchus berdasarkan karakter morfologi panjang tubuh, Dorsal Oesophageal Gland Opening (DGO), panjang stilet, jumlah anulus kepala, dan jumlah anulus ekor. Pengelompokan dilakukan dengan memvisualisasi data kisaran setiap karakter menjadi hi-lo-close stock chart dengan menggunakan MS Excel. Hasil pengelompokan dengan karakter panjang tubuh terbentuk enam kelompok, DGO tujuh kelompok, panjang stilet tujuh kelompok, jumlah anulus kepala lima kelompok, dan jumlah anulus ekor lima kelompok. Pengelompokan yang paling jelas adalah berdasarkan karakter panjang tubuh. Pengelompokan ini diharapkan dapat membantu identifikasi nematoda genus Helicotylenchus sehingga kajian mengenai spesies genus ini dapat terfasilitasi.
Prevalensi Buta Warna Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas di Kota Jember
Authors: Oktarianti Rike , Wathon Syubbanul , Wulandari Ayu Dwi
Published: December 2020

Buta warna merupakan kelainan genetis yang menyebabkan ketidakmampuan seseorang dalam membedakan warna seperti warna merah, biru, dan hijau. Buta warna merah-hijau merupakan salah satu tipe buta warna yang paling sering terjadi. Kelainan ini disebabkan oleh alel resesif c (color blind) yang terangkai pada kromosom X. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi buta warna siswa SMA di Kota Jember. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada siswa kelas XI SMAN di Kota Jember yaitu SMAN 1, SMAN 2, SMAN 3, SMAN 4, dan SMAN 5 dengan pengambilan sampel secara acak sebanyak 353 siswa. Tes buta warna pada siswa menggunakan buku Ishihara. Analisis data dilakukan untuk mengetahui prevalensi buta warna, frekuensi alel, dan untuk menguji hukum kesetimbangan genetik Hardy-Weinberg menggunakan uji Chi-Square pada taraf signifikasi 0,05. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini diketahui bahwa prevalensi buta warna siswa SMA di Kota Jember adalah 3,68%, dengan frekuensi alel buta warna 0,09 dan alel normalnya adalah 0,91. Hasil pengujian kesetimbangan genetik Hardy-Weinberg menunjukkan nilai Chi-Square 1,74 pada derajat bebas = 3, dengan nilai probabilitas antara 0,80 dan 0,50 yang menujukkan tidak ada penyimpangan yang signifikan. Kesimpulannya adalah frekuensi genotip dan frekuensi alel buta warna pada siswa SMA di Kota Jember sesuai dengan hukum kesetimbangan genetik Hardy-Weinberg.
Analisis Ketahanan Gedung Apartemen Surabaya dengan Menggunakan Metode Respon Spektrum
Authors: Wahyuningtyas Winda Tri , Krisnamurti Krisnamurti , Afrida Iklil
Published: December 2020

Apartemen Surabaya merupakan bangunan 45 lantai yang di fungsikan sebagai apartemen dan mall dengan ketinggian total bangunan 138 m. Apartemen Surabaya terletak di Jalan Laguna Raya KJW Putih, Mulyorejo, Kota Surabaya, Jawa Timur dimana lokasi berdekatan dengan beberapa situs sesar aktif. Letak sesar aktif yaitu sesar aktif Lasem di sebelah utara dengan jarak ± 70 Km, sesar aktif Watu Kosek di sebelah selatan timur laut yang membujur dari Mojokerto hingga Madura dengan jarak ± 30 Km dan sesar aktif Pasuruan di sebelah selatan yang membujur dari Pasuruan sampai Mojokerto dengan jarak ± 50 Km. Sehingga analisis ketahanan gempa diperlukan pada gedung apartemen untuk mengetahui ketahanan terhadap gempa. Analisis dinamik menggunakan metode respon spektrum digunakan untuk menganalisa gedung. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui bagaimana cara mengevaluasi struktur dengan menggunakan analisis dinamik metode respon spektrum sesuai SNI 1726:2019. Hal yang ditinjau yaitu base shear, drift dan displacement pada gedung. Hasil analisa menunjukan displacement, drift, dan base shear memenuhi syarat yang telah ditentukan. Nilai drift terbesar arah X 0.22 mm pada lt 35 dan arah Y yaitu 0.28 mm pada lt 23. Sedangkan untuk nilai displacement terbesar arah X dan Y yaitu 0.077 m dan 0.106 m.
Revisão Integrativa: Atuação da Psicologia na Rede de Atenção Psicossocial
Authors: Oliveira Mateus Rodrigues de , Schlösser Adriano , Silva Jean Paulo da
Published: December 2020

No Brasil, os serviços de atendimento em saúde mental têm uma articulação única, conhecida como Rede de Atenção Psicossocial, articulando múltiplos dispositivos em trabalho multiprofissional e interdisciplinar. Entre as profissões, o objetivo deste artigo foi investigar estudos sobre a atuação da Psicologia na Rede de Atenção Psicossocial, desenvolvidos pela Psicologia brasileira, nas bases de dados SciELO, PePSIC, Index Psi, Lilacs e BVS, utilizando os descritores “Rede de Atenção Psicossocial” e “Psicologia”. Foram selecionados 21 artigos, publicados de 2012 a 2018, classificados de acordo com a temática de estudo e o método utilizado. Houve predomínio de pesquisas com abordagem qualitativa, com uso de entrevistas e observação para coleta de dados. Os resultados indicaram avanços nas práticas que envolvem a necessidade de promoção de autonomia dos usuários e que modificam o perfil tradicional de atenção à saúde mental, embora ainda se verifiquem problemas na formação teórica e prática do profissional psicólogo no campo psicossocial.
O Direito à Saúde da População LGBT: Desafios Contemporâneos no Contexto do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS)
Authors: Melo Izabella Rodrigues , Amorim Thatiane Hellen , Garcia Raquel Braga , Polejack Larissa , Seidl Eliane Maria Fleury
Published: December 2020

O direito à saúde da população LGBT brasileira recebeu maior atenção a partir de 2004. Entretanto a efetivação dessas políticas de Estado se encontra prejudicada, como apontam estudos desenvolvidos na segunda década do século XXI. Esta revisão de literatura entra nesse escopo de pesquisas, partindo do artigo “Homossexualidade e o direito à saúde: um desafio para as políticas públicas de saúde no Brasil”, para avaliar o desenvolvimento das políticas públicas em saúde voltadas para a população LGBT brasileira entre 2013 e 2019. As pesquisas por artigos deram-se nas bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde − Psicologia Brasil (BVS-Psi), SciELO e PsycINFO. Seis dos 81 artigos encontrados preenchiam os critérios de inclusão. Questionou-se como a socialização dos agentes de saúde em contextos LGBTfóbicos leva a práticas contrárias aos princípios das políticas nacionais voltadas para a proteção dos direitos à população LGBT. Propõe-se fortalecimento das ações educativas voltadas para dissolução de preconceitos.
Cartografia da Saúde do Homem em Conflito com a Lei
Authors: Félix-Silva Antônio Vladimir , Soares Gabriela Pinheiro
Published: December 2020

Neste estudo, apresentamos um recorte de uma pesquisa-intervenção realizada em um Hospital de Custódia e Tratamento Psiquiátrico, com o objetivo de cartografar processos de subjetivação da saúde do homem com transtorno mental em conflito com a lei. Para a produção das informações, utilizamos a cartografia e realizamos encontros com participantes da pesquisa por meio de práticas integrativas grupais e uso de objetos relacionais da arte. Para a discussão e os resultados, utilizamos a esquizoanálise, que aponta: a) as ações do cuidado em custódia são reduzidas à medicalização do confinamento e à atenção de urgência e emergência, quando não é adiado ao máximo esse direito humano; b) a promoção da saúde do homem privado de liberdade é associada a ações de humanização e direitos humanos vinculados à determinação social. Conclui-se que os processos de subjetivação denunciam as instituições de violência e anunciam modos de desinstitucionalização da saúde mental custodiada.
Programa Cognitivo-Comportamental de Educação Nutricional para Mulheres com Excesso de Peso
Authors: Duarte Andreia Neves , Queiroz Elizabeth
Published: December 2020

Introdução: A pesquisa teve como objetivo propor e avaliar um programa cognitivo-comportamental de educação nutricional para mulheres com excesso de peso e identificar fatores que interferem na adesão. Métodos: estudo qualiquantitativo, quase experimental, com mulheres com excesso de peso, alocadas em dois grupos: um que participou de um programa em grupo baseado no modelo cognitivo-comportamental e outro que recebeu acompanhamento individual. Foram comparados dados antropométricos e bioquímicos, além de fatores relacionados à adesão. Resultados: Os dados antropométricos e bioquímicos não diferiram significativamente entre os grupos. A análise qualitativa evidenciou mudanças relevantes em relação à qualidade e quantidade da alimentação ingerida. Discussão: As estratégias utilizadas permitiram a elaboração de recursos cognitivos relevantes para perda de peso. Conclusões: O programa auxiliou em mudanças nos hábitos alimentares, o que pode repercutir em alterações antropométricas e bioquímicas relevantes no médio prazo.
Desenvolvimento de Instrumento em Doenças Raras: Acesso à Saúde e ao Suporte Social
Authors: Salviano Isabel Cristina de Barros , Castro Martha Moreira Cavalcante , Matos Marcos Antônio Almeida , Aguiar Carolina Villa Nova
Published: December 2020

Introdução: A condição crônica degenerativa relacionada às Doenças Raras (DR) é permeada por processos sociais e de acesso à saúde complexos, cuja compreensão exige avaliação na perspectiva dos acometidos. Objetivo: Construir um instrumento que possibilite avaliar a percepção do acesso à saúde e ao suporte social destinado aos acometidos por DR. Métodos: Estudo de desenvolvimento de um instrumento embasado no modelo proposto por Luiz Pasquali. Resultados: Após análise fatorial, o resultado final que mostrou evidências preliminares de validação foi um instrumento com quatro domínios: Recursos de Saúde, Recursos Financeiros, Aspectos Sociais e Aspectos Individuais, com 10 itens. Considerações finais: O instrumento final desenvolvido reuniu evidências de validade, revelando qualidade dos itens em representar os conceitos subjacentes a cada domínio. Por meio de suas propriedades psicométricas, o instrumento mostrou que tem representatividade no que concerne à percepção do acometido por DR quanto ao seu acesso à saúde e ao suporte social.
Mulheres Indígenas de Manaus: Construindo Políticas Afirmativas no SUS
Authors: Miranda Vanessa
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar problematizações entre a atenção diferenciada no SUS e políticas afirmativas conquistadas pela ação de mulheres indígenas na cidade de Manaus, Amazonas. Desde a década de 1970, identificamos na Amazônia Brasileira, região de fértil pluralidade étnica, uma rede de relações de gênero sendo tecida no interior do movimento indígena mais ampliado, criando um saldo organizativo de participação social em ações comunitárias que culminaram nas lutas e conquistas pela consolidação da saúde indígena no SUS. À luz da psicologia sócio-histórica e suas interfaces com a antropologia, história e saúde coletiva, buscamos revalorizar experiências de mulheres indígenas na cidade de Manaus, evidenciando suas contribuições à saúde diferenciada no SUS articuladas a outras políticas afirmativas conquistadas, como o direito à cidade, ao trabalho, direito à cultura e o direito à educação.
Histoplasmose intestinal em pacientes transplantados renais: relato de casos e revisão da literatura
Authors: Amorim Francisco Daniel Bezerra , Macedo Isabela Orieta de Oliveira , Girão Evelyne Santana , Silva Sonia Leite da , Fernandes Paula Frassinetti Castelo Branco Camurça , Oliveira Claudia Maria Costa de
Published: December 2020

A histoplasmose é uma micose sistêmica, que afeta principalmente pacientes imunocomprometidos, com apresentação clínica inespecífica. A forma de apresentação é focal ou disseminada, esta última muitas vezes fatal. Os autores relatam dois casos de histoplasmose intestinal em pacientes transplantados renais, com baixo índice de suspeição clínica, que foram diagnosticados através de biópsia das lesões e que apresentaram uma evolução favorável, devido ao tratamento precoce com anfotericina B lipossomal e manutenção com itraconazol. Diante de casos com manifestações clínicas variadas e atípicas, esta doença deve ser incluída na investigação diagnóstica de imunossuprimidos.
Surgical management of jaw-winking synkinesis and ptosis in Marcus Gunn syndrome: a systematic outcomes analysis
Authors: Bair Henry , Garcia Giancarlo A. , Erickson Benjamin P.
Published: December 2020

Aim: Marcus Gunn jaw-winking synkinesis (MGJWS) is characterized by congenital ptosis in conjunction with rapid and involuntary elevation of the affected upper eyelid upon contraction of the ipsilateral external pterygoid muscle. Selecting an approach to the surgical management of eyelid malposition in this syndrome is challenging and requires careful discussion with each patient’s family. In this systematic review, we describe reported surgical approaches, assess outcomes data, and attempt to identify areas of consensus in the management of MGJWS. Methods: Twenty-seven peer-reviewed studies were identified, describing a variety of interventions. Results: The most commonly-used surgical techniques included: bilateral levator excision with bilateral frontalis sling, unilateral levator excision with bilateral or unilateral frontalis sling, the Neuhaus/Lemagne method, and levator plication surgery. However, no clear outcomes-based consensus regarding choice of surgical approach was identified, highlighting the ongoing role of surgeon and family preference in the selection of management strategy. Further, there was considerable variability in the literature for reporting outcome measures, including grading schemes for ptosis and jaw-wink. Conclusion: The existing literature on management of MGJWS does not enable the development of an evidence-based consensus algorithm regarding the selection of an appropriate surgical technique. The disorder is treated according to a case-by-case approach governed by surgeon and family preference. Standardization of nomenclature and outcome measures is crucial for obtaining higher-quality, generalizable data in futures studies.
Political economy of Belarus, the evolution of Belorussian-Russian relations, and the 2020 political crisis
Authors: Tsarik Y.
Published: December 2020

The 2020 political crisis in Belarus erupted against the backdrop of major confrontation in the Belarus–Russia relations. The article looks into the role of Russia and domestic Belarusian factors in creating prerequisites for this political crisis. Since the 1990s, good relationship with Russia have been the source of not only the “integration rent” for Minsk, keeping the specific Belarusian economic model working, but also of the political support from Moscow provided both directly (for instance, through positive coverage of the Belarusian agenda by those Russian federal media that were popular in Belarus) and in indirect forms, such as through maintaining overall positive image of the bilateral relationship. Russia’s role was important for maintaining the loyalty of each major social group at the core of Lukashenko’s support base. Deterioration of the Belarus–Russia relations in 2004–2006, 2008–2010, and 2018–2020 expectedly led to political and economic crises in Belarus. As, by the start of presidential election campaign in Belarus in 2020, Moscow withdrew its main types of support to Lukashenko’s regime, a political crisis was expectable. However, the exact form and scenario of the crisis was shaped by domestic factors, as well as by the country’s leadership’s response to Russia’s pressure. Those domestic factors included accumulated mistakes, disbalances, and dysfunctions in the actions taken by the Belarusian authorities since the late 2016 through 2020. Errors such as the mismanagement of the COVID-19 pandemic were among the immediate triggers of the 2020 crisis. The 2020 developments thus demonstrated a major breakdown of previously effective Belarusian preventive authoritarianism. The internal drivers and dynamics of this breakdown require a more profound study.
Practical Implementation of Molecular Dynamics Code for Beginners Using Python
Authors: Yesudasan Sumith
Published: December 2020

In this paper, we introduce a simple yet powerful and working version of the molecular dynamics code using the Python 3.9 language. The code contents are published in the link given in the appendix 1. The structure and components of the program is given in detail using flowcharts and code snippets. The program consists of major features like velocity verlet integrator, thermostats, COM removal, input and output modules, virial, pressure, and other thermodynamic quantities estimation etc. The author believes that this program will be helpful to graduate students who perform research in molecular dynamics simulations who intend to write their own code instead of the sophisticated open source packages.
Segregação ocupacional por sexo no mercado de trabalho brasileiro: uma análise de decomposição para o período 2004-2015
Authors: Camargo Botassio Diego , Verzola Vaz Daniela
Published: December 2020

Este artigo analisa a evolução da segregação ocupacional por sexo no mercado de trabalho brasileiro de 2004 a 2015. Além da mensuração da segregação por meio de indicadores tradicionais, como o índice de dissimilaridade e o de Gini, utiliza-se a classe de medidas aditivamente decomponíveis proposta por Hutchens (2004), que permite decompor a segregação em duas parcelas: uma relacionada à segregação entre grandes grupos ocupacionais; e outra que corresponde a uma soma ponderada dos níveis de segregação dentro desses grupamentos. Os resultados mostram que a segregação aumentou entre 2004 e 2015, revertendo a tendência de queda que vinha sendo relatada na literatura referente a anos anteriores a esse período. A análise de decomposição indica que tal crescimento foi impulsionado pela segregação entre os grandes grupos ocupacionais, portanto, entre grupos com ocupações mais heterogêneas entre si. Conclui-se que, à medida que o nível da participação feminina no mercado de trabalho se estabiliza, o processo de integração das ocupações segundo o sexo também apresenta seus primeiros sinais de esgotamento.
ANALISIS GROUND VIBRATION AKIBAT LEDAKAN PADA TAMBANG NIKEL DI PT. VALE INDONESIA, TBK
Authors: Ma'rief A. Al'Faizah
Published: December 2020

Ground vibration adalah gelombang yang bergerak di dalam tanah yang bersumber dari suatu energi yang berasal dari alam dan adanya aktivitas peledakan yang dilakukan oleh manusia. Selama ini ground vibration dianggap sebagai waste energy yang dapat merusak dan menjadi isu terhadap lingkungan di sekitar area tambang. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh jumah bahan peledak yang digunakan terhadap ground vibration yang dihasilkan dan perbandingan akurasi ground vibration aktual dan prediksi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan pengambilan data langsung dari lapangan berupa pengukuran burden, spacing, ke dalam lubang ledak kemudian dihitung berdasarkan persamaan R.L. Ash sehimgga memperoleh nilai powder factor (PF), banyaknya penggunaan bahan peledak dan berat isian bahan peledak. Pengambilan data jarak lokasi, perhitungan scaled distance (SD), kostanta (K) dan perhitungan peak particle velocity (PPV) menggunakan rumus USBM Oriard ' sehingga memperoleh nilai PPV prediksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ground vibration sangat dipengaruhi oleh jumlah bahan peledak yang digunakan untuk PF 0,11 dengan jumlah muatan 933 kg nilai PPV yang dihasilkan 1,28 mm/s sedangkan untuk PF 0,28 dengan jumlah muatan 2182 kg nilai PPV yang dihasilkan 4,62 mm/s, Jadi semakin besar jumlah bahan peledak yang digunakan maka intensitas ground vibration yang dihasilkan akan semakin meningkat. Perbandingan akurasi ground vibration aktual dan prediksi diperoleh persentase rata – rata 1,32%.
KORELASI DATA GEOLISTRIK DAN ELECTRICAL LOGGING UNTUK ANALISIS KETEBALAN LAPISAN BATUAN PIROKLASTIK DI DESA WATANG PULU, KECAMATAN SUPPA, KABUPATEN PINRANG
Authors: Bundang Syarifullah , Azikin Busthan , Sultan Sultan
Published: December 2020

Penyebaran batuan gunungapi Parepare yang begitu luas di beberapa daerah termasuk Pinrang. Hasil overlay peta geologi dan lokasi penelitian, daerah tersebut tersusun dari Formasi Batuan Gunungapi Parepare (Tppv). Namun masih sangat kurang referensi atau penelitian tentang sebaran batuan gunungapi Parepare secara vertikal. Pengukuran geolistrik tahanan jenis (resistivitas) dan pengukuran electrical logging (log SP dan resistivitas) merupakan gabungan metode geofisika yang bisa digunakan untuk melihat secara detail kondisi penyebaran vertikal litologi batuan. Dengan melakukan korelasi data geolistrik dan electrical logging maka akan mempermudah untuk menginterpretasi ketebalan lapisan batuan piroklastik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis litologi bawah permukaan dan menganalisis ketebalan lapisan batuan piroklastik Formasi Batuan Gunungapi Parepare menggunakan korelasi data geolistrik dan electrical logging. Metode yang digunakan adalah pengukuran geolistrik metode vertical electrical sounding (VES) konfigurasi Schlumberger sebanyak 1 lintasan dan electrical logging dengan kedalaman sumur 70 m. Dari hasil pengukuran geolistrik diperoleh nilai resistivitas 193 Ωm - 927 Ωm ddengan kedalaman 55,1 m dan hasil pengukuran electrical logging short resistivitas yaitu 214 Ωm - 495 Ωm, nilai long resistivitas yaitu 281 Ωm - 725 Ωm sedangkan nilai self potential (SP) terendah dan tertinggi yaitu 89 mV dan 210 mV. Berdasarkan hasil korelasi data geolistrik dan electrical logging diinterpretasikan litologi pada lokasi penelitian terdapat 3 lapisan yaitu lanau pasiran (kedalaman 0 – 2.6 m), lempung pasiran (kedalaman 2,6 – 7,8 m) dan breksi vulkanik (kedalaman 7,8 – 70 m) dan ketebalan batuan piroklastik pada lokasi penelitian yang merupakan batuan breksi volkanik yaitu 62,2 m.
Environmental Quality Requirements Model Program Objective Memorandum Fiscal Years 2021–2025
Authors: Knotek-Smith Heather , Gerald Jeffrey
Published: December 2020

This document describes the methodology used to evaluate the costs incurred by organizations involved in planning, programming, budgeting, and execution of the Army’s environmental programs and estimating those costs for future year planning cycles, this model is referred to as the Environmental Quality Requirements Model (EQRM). The EQRM is used to develop the budget positions as presented to Congress to obtain the Operations and Maintenance appropriations. These appropriations fund the Environmental Quality Program which includes Compliance, Conservation and Pollution Prevention requirements. The model encompasses the commands under the funding structure of the Deputy Chief of Staff – G9 Installations which includes the following: Installation Management Command, the Army National Guard, the Army Reserve Command, and the Army Materiel Command.
Acceptability of HIV Screening in a Sample of International Students in the United States
Authors: Ayosanmi Oluwasola Stephen , Oden Lorette , Ayosanmi Titilope , Alli Babatunde Y. , Wen Mei , Johnson Jamie
Published: December 2020

Background and Objectives: HIV transmission from persons unaware of their HIV status occurs more commonly than those who are aware of their status. Knowledge of one’s HIV status may encourage preventive behaviors. Anecdotal evidence suggests that many international students may be willing to accept HIV screening, but empirical evidence to support this claim is lacking. We sought to determine the willingness of international students in the United States (US) to accept HIV screening, if offered.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using an online survey of international students at Western Illinois University, USA. The independent variable was the sociodemographic data of our participants; the dependent variable was the acceptance of HIV screening. The covariates were knowledge about HIV and the factors associated with the acceptance of the screening. Descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis were conducted.

Results: A total of 185 respondents out of 491 students participated in the online survey. Of these, 107 (57.8%) were males, and 78 (42.8%) were females. Most of the respondents were from Asian countries (64.9%) and African countries (24.9%). The prevalence of acceptance of HIV screening was 74%. Among participants willing to accept screening, if offered, 90% perceived screening would be beneficial to their health. Meanwhile, 83% of those who would refuse the screening were not sexually active.

Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Many international students may be interested in getting HIV screening if offered. Awareness of the benefits of HIV screening may influence the decision to screen. Findings may inform further studies that will lead to policy formulations for the health of international students in the US.

Key words: • HIV Screening • HIV Acceptability • International Students • College Students

 

Copyright © 2020 Ayosanmi et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) which permits unre-stricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in this journal, is properly cited.
Sources of Perennial Water Supporting Critical Ecosystems, San Pedro Valley, Arizona
Authors: Eastoe Christopher J.
Published: December 2020

Stable O and H isotope data distinguish three sources for base flow in five reaches of the San Pedro River: (A) base flow and sub-flow from upstream reaches of the river; (B) bank storage derived from summer monsoon floodwater; and (C) water from the mountainous flanks of the river catchment. A and C support base flow in the sub-basin upstream of Sierra Vista. A, B, and C combine to support base flow near St. David. Source C in this area is ancient deep-basin groundwater. Source C dominates in Cascabel near Benson Narrows, with downstream additions from A. In Cascabel near Gamez Road, sources A and C combined to support base flow that had disappeared by 2019. Near Redington, source C appears to have operated through a limestone aquifer vulnerable to short-term drought. Groundwater sub-basins separated by impermeable sills in the riverbed are evolving into hydrologically separate sub-basins as base flow across the sills decreases. The decrease in base flow partly reflects regional long-term drought, which has been exacerbated by pumping. Additional groundwater demand from urban growth upstream of Benson is likely to cause further decline of base flow near St. David and Sierra Vista.
Formar para la docencia en Geografía: Un camino para la cooperación
Authors: De Souza Cavalcanti Lana , Alves Dos Santos Leovan
Published: December 2020

Este trabajo presentará elementos de la formación continua del profesorado de Geografía, a partir de la composición de grupos cooperativos de profesores de esa asignatura. Destacaremos la centralidad del trabajo docente en tiempos de crisis y su relevante papel social para el desarrollo del pensamiento geográfico de los estudiantes. Por último, discutiremos las potencialidades y límites de las Comunidades de Práctica, presentando sus características, la concepción de cooperación y el camino metodológico de los grupos del Laboratório de Estudos e Pesquisa em Ensino de Geografia (LEPEG), de la Universidade Federal de Goiás, juntamente con la formación continua de profesores de Geografía.
Representaciones escolares del clima en el paisaje fluvial del río Clariano
Authors: Campo País Benito , García Monteagudo Diego
Published: December 2020

El conocimiento de la relación entre el clima y el paisaje convive con las dificultades propias del ámbito escolar. Para saber qué ocurre en su enseñanza, se analiza por medio del instrumento Evocation 2005 y los registros pictóricos, las representaciones sociales que tiene una parte del alumnado de 1º ESO. El estudio de caso sobre un paisaje fluvial en un ámbito local confirma la idealización del paisaje y la escasa presencia del clima en las representaciones del alumnado, esto junto con las dificultades de los docentes en su conocimiento disciplinar y su práctica nos conmina a quebrar las tradiciones y rutinas escolares para afrontar mejor las explicaciones de las transformaciones ambientales.
A Dual-Fluorescence Labeling Pseudovirus for Real-Time Imaging of Single SARS-CoV-2 Entry in Respiratory Epithelial Cells
Authors: Ma Yingxin , Mao Guobin , Wu Guoqiang , Chen Minghai , Qin Fujun , Zhang Xian-En
Published: December 2020

The pseudovirus strategy makes studies of highly pathogenic viruses feasible without the restriction of high-level biosafety facility, thus greatly contributing to virology and being used in research of SARS-CoV-2. Here, we generated a dual-color pseudo-SARS-CoV-2 virus using an HIV-1 pseudovirus production system and the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) glycoprotein, of which the membrane was labeled with lipophilic dye (DiO) and the genomic RNA-related viral protein R (Vpr) of the viral core were fused with mCherry. With this dual-color labeling strategy, not only the movement of the whole virus but also the fate of the labeled components can be traced. The pseudovirions were applied to track viral entry at a single particle level in four types of the human respiratory cells: nasal epithelial cells (HNEpC), pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells (HPAEpiC), bronchial epithelial cells (BEP-2D), and oral epithelial cells (HOEC). Pseudo-SARS-CoV-2 entered into the host cell and released viral core into the cytoplasm，which clearly indicates that the host entry mainly occurred through endocytosis. The infection efficiency was found to be correlated with the expression of the known receptor of SARS-CoV-2, angiotensin-converting 2 (ACE2) on the host cell surface. We believe that the dual-color fluorescence labeled pseudovirus system created in this study can be a useful tool in SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 for many purposes.
Characteristics and Follow-Up of Organizing Pneumonia Associated with Hematologic Malignancies
Authors: Zeng Huihui , Shen Xiaoqing , He Xue , Cai Shan , Chen Ping , Chen Yan , Luo Hong
Published: December 2020

Background: Organizing pneumonia (OP) is a secondary process in many diseases. Due to low incidence and indistinct symptoms, there is limited information about OP associated with hematologic malignancies. To discuss the characteristics and prognosis of OP associated with hematologic malignancies, we conducted this study.Methods: We observed and analyzed pathologically confirmed OP cases associated with hematologic malignancies in hospital records database, and excluded OP cases with other related reasons, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, transplantation and infection. Result: There were 5 patients with OP underlying only hematologic malignancies, including one case of myelodysplastic syndrome, one case of acute myelogenous leukemia, one case of multiple myeloma case, one case of aplastic anemia, and one T cell lymphoma. Radiological findings did not show a distinct pattern, and two cases mimicked pulmonary aspergillosis. The diagnosis of OP was confirmed by minimally invasive biopsy. Although all patients developed into severe cases, steroids produced favorable outcomes. Conclusion: This study supports that hematologic malignancies might be a cause of OP and that minimally biopsy may be an effective and safe method to confirm the diagnosis. Although OP associated with hematologic malignancies might more frequently develop into severe cases, the OP lesions were steroid-responsive during follow-up.
Urine miRNA Signature as a Potential Non-invasive Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker in Cervical Cancer
Authors: Aftab Mehreen , Poojari Satish , Seshan Vaishnavi , Kumar Sachin , Agarwal Pallavi , Tandon Simran , Zutshi Vijay , Das Bhudev
Published: December 2020

MicroRNAs as cancer biomarkers in serum, plasma and other body fluids are often used but analysis of miRNA in urine is limited. We investigated the expression of selected miRNAs in the paired urine, serum, cervical scrape and tumor tissue specimens from the women with cervical precancer and cancer with a view to identify if urine miRNAs could be used as reliable non-invasive biomarkers for an early diagnosis and prognosis of cervical cancer. Expression of three oncomiRs (miR-21, miR-199a, and miR-155-5p) and three tumor suppressors (miR-34a, miR-145, and miR-218) in cervical pre-cancer, cancer and normal controls including cervical cancer cell lines were analyzed using qRT-PCR. The expression of miRNAs was correlated with various clinicopathological parameters, including HPV infection and survival outcome. We observed a significant overexpression of the oncomiRs and the downregulation of tumor suppressor miRNAs. A combination of miR-145-5p, miR-218-5p, and miR-34a-5p in urine yielded 100% sensitivity and 92.8% specificity in distinguishing precancer and cancer patients from healthy controls. The expression of miR-34a-5p and miR-218-5p were found to be independent prognostic factors for overall survival of cervical cancer patients. We conclude that the evaluation of specific miRNA expression in non-invasive urine samples may serve as reliable biomarker for early detection and prognosis of cervical cancer.
Preoperative High-Protein Diet Can Improve The Serum Albumin Levels of Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Xu Hong , Liu Li , Xie Jinwei , Wang Duan , Huang Zeyu , Zhou Zongke
Published: December 2020

Background: Preoperative hypoproteinemia are risk factors for complications in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, the relationship between preoperative albumin levels and postoperative use of albumin is unclear, as are the effects of a high-protein diet on preoperative serum albumin levels for these patients. Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 660 patients who underwent primary TKA from January to December 2019, of whom 97 received postoperative albumin and 563 did not. Logistic and restrictive cubic spline regression analyses were used to explore the relationship between preoperative serum albumin levels and postoperative albumin use. Additionally, 88 patients undergoing primary TKA were educated to follow a high-protein diet during the preoperative waiting period from January to July 2020. From these 88 patients, data from laboratory tests on the day of the outpatient visit and admission were collected and compared to evaluate the effect of high-protein diet on preoperative serum albumin levels. Results: Higher preoperative serum albumin levels were negatively associated with risk of postoperative albumin use (relative risk 0.725, 95% confidence interval 0.666-0.789), and the risk of needing postoperative albumin decreased with increasing preoperative albumin level with a negative dose-response relationship (P overall < 0.001; P nonlinear = 0.186). After an average of 39.05±22.78 days on a high-protein diet, the albumin levels on admission (46.04±2.49 g/L) were significantly higher than on outpatient (42.79±4.09) g/L), while the biomarkers of liver and kidney function and lipid metabolism did not differ significantly between the two time points. Conclusions: Preoperative albumin levels were highly associated with postoperative albumin use, showing an obvious dose-response relationship. Preoperative high-protein diet could improve the albumin levels in patients undergoing TKA. Trial registration: The study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (registration no. ChiCTR2000034978) on July 26, 2020.
Cannabinoids accumulation in hemp (Cannabis sativa L) plants under LED light spectra and their discrete role as a stress marker
Authors: Islam Md. Jahirul , Azad Md Obyedul Kalam , Ryu Byung Ryeol , Rahman Md Hafizur , Lim Jung Dae , Cheong Eun Ju , Lim Young-Seok
Published: December 2020

Hemp adaptability through physiological and biochemical changes was studied under 10 LED light spectra and natural light in a controlled aeroponic system. Light treatments were imposed on 25 days aged seedlings for 16 hours daily (300 µmol m-2s-1) for 20 days. Plant accumulated highest Cannabidiol (CBD) in R7:B2:G1 light treatment, with relatively higher photosynthetic rate and lower reactive oxygen species, total phenol content, total flavonoid content, DPPH radical scavenging capacity, and antioxidant enzymatic activities. Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) also accumulated higher in white, R8:B2, and R7:B2:G1 light with less evidence of stress modulated substances. These results indicated that CBD and THC have no or little relation with light-mediated abiotic stress in hemp plants. On the contrary, Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) was accumulated higher in R6:B2:G1:FR1 and R5:B2:W2:FR1 light treatment along with lower photosynthetic rate and higher reactive oxygen species, total phenol content, total flavonoid content, DPPH radical scavenging capacity, and antioxidant enzymatic activities. However, Cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) was accumulated higher in R6:B2:G1:FR1 light treatment with higher stress modulated substances and lower physiological traits. CBDA was also accumulated higher in R8:B2 and R7:B2:G1 light treatments with less evidence of stress modulated substances. Besides, Greenlight influenced in CBD and CBDA synthesis where FR and UV-A (along with green) play a positive and negative role in this process, respectively. These results indicate that the role of THCA as a stress marker is more decisive in hemp plant than other cannabinoids under attributed light-mediated stress.
Development of experimental ground truth and quantification of intracranial aneurysm pulsation in a patient
Authors: Vanrossomme Axel , Chodzyński Kamil , Eker Omer , Boudjeltia Karim Zouaoui
Published: December 2020

Aneurysm wall motion has been reported to be associated with rupture. However, its quantification with medical imaging is challenging and should be based on experimental ground-truth to avoid misinterpretation of results. In this work a time-resolved CT angiography (4D-CTA) acquisition protocol is proposed to detect the pulsation of intracranial aneurysms with a low radiation dose. To acquire ground-truth data, the accuracy of pulsation detection and quantification in a silicone phantom was assessed by applying pressure sinusoidal waves of increasing amplitudes. These experiments were carried out using a test bench that could reproduce pulsatile waveforms similar to those inside the internal carotid arteries of human subjects. 4D-CTA acquisition parameters (mAs, kVp) were then selected to achieve reliable pulsation detection and quantification with the lowest radiation dose achievable. The resulting acquisition protocol was then used to image an anterior communicating artery aneurysm in a human subject. Data reveals that in a simplified in vitro setting 4D-CTA allows for an effective and reproducible method to detect and quantify aneurysm pulsation with an inferior limit as low as 3 mm³ and a background noise of 0.5 to 1 mm³. Aneurysm pulsation can be detected in vivo with a radiation dose approximating 1 mSv.
Automatic Image Classification Using Neural Networks Increases Accuracy for Allergenic Pollen Monitoring
Authors: Polling Marcel , Li Chen , Cao Lu , Verbeek Fons , Weger Letty de , Belmonte Jordina , Linares Concepción De , Willemse Joost , Boer Hugo de , Gravendeel Barbara
Published: December 2020

Monitoring of airborne pollen concentrations provides an important source of information for the globally increasing number of hay fever patients. Airborne pollen are traditionally counted under the microscope, but with the latest developments in image recognition methods, automating this process has become feasible. A challenge that persists, however, is that many pollen grains cannot be distinguished beyond the genus or family level using a microscope. Here, we assess the use of a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to increase taxonomic accuracy for airborne pollen. As a case study we use the nettle family (Urticaceae), which contains two main genera (Urtica and Parietaria) common in European landscapes which pollen cannot be separated by trained specialists. While pollen from Urtica species have very low allergenic relevance, those from several species of Parietaria are severely allergenic. We collect pollen from both fresh as well as from herbarium specimens and use these to train the CNN model VGG16. The model shows that Urticaceae pollen can be distinguished with 98.3% accuracy. We then apply our model on Urticaceae pollen collected from aerobiological samples and show that the genera can be confidently distinguished, despite the more challenging input images that are often overlain by debris. Our method can also be applied to other pollen families in the future and will thus help to make allergenic pollen monitoring more specific.
Gestational Diabetes and Intraoperative Tubal Sterilization are Risk Factors for Pain After Cesarean Delivery: A Prospective Observational Study.
Authors: Nivatpumin Patchareya , Pangthipampai Pawinee , Dej-Arkom Sukanya , Aroonpruksakul Somkiat , Lertbunnaphong Tripop , Ngam-ek-eu Tanyanun
Published: December 2020

Background: Postcesarean delivery pain leads to several adverse maternal outcomes. The primary objective of this study was to determine the incidence of moderate-to-severe pain after the use of spinal morphine for cesarean delivery. The secondary aim was to identify the factors influencing the moderate-to-severe pain.Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at a single university hospital. The inclusion criteria were a patient age of ≥ 18 years, and undergoing elective cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia with intrathecal morphine (200 mcg). Moderate-to-severe pain was defined as a numerical-rating-scale score of more than 3 within 24 hours postoperatively. Patients’ demographic characteristics, preoperative obstetric data, and intraoperative and postoperative data were collected and analyzed.Results: In all, 660 patients were enrolled. As 16 were subsequently removed because they met the study withdrawal criteria, data relating to 644 patients were analyzed. The incidence of moderate-to-severe pain during the first postoperative day was 451/644 patients (70.03%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 66.38%–73.44%). The median pain score (interquartile range [IQR]) was 5 (3–6), with 176/644 (27.33%) of patients requiring a rescue analgesic. A multivariate analysis revealed that two factors were associated with moderate-to-severe pain on the first postoperative day: gestational diabetes (adjusted OR [AOR], 1.849; 95% CI, 1.068–3.203; p-value = 0.028), and intraoperative tubal sterilization (AOR, 1.533; 95% CI, 1.060–2.218; p = 0.023). A significantly higher number of patients experienced moderate-to-severe pain on postoperative Day 1 (451/644 [70.03%]) than Day 2 (348/644 [54.19%]; p < 0.001). The median pain score (IQR) on postoperative Day 2 was 4 (3–5), which was less than that for Day 1 (p < 0.001).Conclusions: A high incidence of moderate-to-severe postoperative pain was found after a single dose of spinal morphine for cesarean delivery. Gestational diabetes and intraoperative tubal sterilization were the independent factors correlated with the pain.Trial registration: Clinicaltrial.gov registration number NCT03205813
Prevalence of Non-Communicable Diseases and Associated Factors in South Africa: Evidence from National Income Dynamics Survey, 2008-2017.
Authors: Bolarinwa Obasanjo Afolabi , Olagunju Olalekan Seun , Budu Eugene , Seidu Abdul-Aziz , Odetokun Ismail A , Al-Mustapha Ahmad I , Shezi Simangele Azande , Ahinkorah Bright Opoku
Published: December 2020

IntroductionThe unprecedented global increase in non-communicable diseases (NCDs) death incidences resulted in a joint initiative by the United Nations (UN) and the World Health Organization (WHO) to reduce NCD-related mortality by 25% by the year 2025. In this study, we ascertained the prevalence of NCDs in South Africa and its associated factors. MethodWe used 5-panel waves secondary datasets conducted by national income dynamic survey (NIDS) from 2008 to 2017 among 64,735 South Africans. We calculated the prevalence of all selected NCDs separately and together for each year at the descriptive level. This was followed by the distribution of selected NCDs across the socio-demographic and behavioural characteristics of the respondents. Finally, we used binary logistic regression to assess NCDs' likelihood by the respondents’ socio-demographic and behavioural characteristics. The results were presented as crude odds ratios (cOR) and adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals, signifying precision. Statistical significance was set at p-value < 0.05.ResultsWe found that, the prevalence of NCDs in South Africa was highest in the year 2012 (23.8%) and lowest in the year 2015 (15.2%). Over the 10-year period, the NCDs with highest and lowest prevalence were high blood pressure and cancer, respectively. Females [cOR = 1.88, 95% CI=1.79-1.96], smokers [cOR=2.01, 95% CI=1.85-2.19] and those very satisfied with life [cOR=1.10, 95% CI=1.04-1.17] were more likely to have atleast one NCDs. This persisted after adjusting for significant covariates: [aOR = 1.84, 95% CI=1.74-1.94], [aOR=1.49, 95% CI=1.35-1.65] and [aOR = 1.01, 95% CI=0.95-1.09] respectively.ConclusionSouth Africa’s department of health and other health agencies need to strengthen existing policies and develop new interventional frameworks that will deliberately consider various significant factors contributing to the high prevalence of NCDs identified in this study. This will reduce the NCDs prevalence and reduce the morbidity and mortality levels attributable to NCDs in the country.