bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REFLEXIONES SOBRE LA SUPUESTA NATURALEZA TRIBUTARIA DE LOS PEAJES DE LA AUTOPISTA AP-8
Authors: UNANUE ORTEGA XABIER
Published: September 2021

El trabajo analiza los elementos de argumentación en los que se
sustenta la STS de la Sala Tercera de 12 Febrero 2009, a la luz de la anterior doctrina
legal y jurisprudencial en materia de carreteras. Esta sentencia parece apuntar
a una nueva doctrina sobre la conceptualización de los peajes desde el punto
de vista de la reserva de ley a la que se sujetan las prestaciones patrimoniales de
carácter público, especialmente sobre aprovechamientos especiales o privativos
del dominio público. De confirmarse esta nueva doctrina las consecuencias para
el negocio de las autopistas, públicas o concesionadas, y para otras tarifas de naturaleza
privada sobre bienes demaniales, pueden ser considerables. El autor disiente
de la interpretación de la doctrina constitucional que efectúa la sentencia,
aportando lo que pueden ser elementos de una interpretación más coherente con
la tradición histórica en la materia.

Lan honek Auzitegi Gorenaren hirugarren auzi-gelak 2009ko
otsailaren 12an emandako Epaiaren argudioak aztertzen ditu, errepideen alorreko
legeak eta jurisprudentzia kontuan hartuta. Epai horrek, itxura guztien arabera, bidesarien
kontzeptualizazioaren inguruko bestelako doktrina bati ematen dio toki,
ondare-prestazio publikoak finkatzen dituzten lege-erreserben ikuspegitik, batez
ere jabari publikoaren aprobetxamendu bereziei edo pribatiboei buruz. Doktrina
berri hau baieztatzen bada, ondorio nabarmenak izango ditu autobide publikoen
zein emakidadunen negozioak, baita jabari-ondasunen gaineko beste tarifa pribatu
batzuek ere. Egilea ez dator bat epaiak doktrina konstituzionalari buruz egiten duen
interpretazioarekin, eta gai honen inguruko tradizio historikoarekin koherenteagoa
den interpretazioa ipintzen du mahai gainean.

This works analyzes the elements of reasoning which serve as basis
for the Supreme Court Third Chamber ruling from February 12th, 2019 in the light
of the former legal and caselaw doctrine regarding roads. This judgment seems to
point at a new doctrine on the concept of tolls from the point of view of the reservation
as to legislation to which are bound the patrimonial provisions of public character,
in particular on special explotations or privative of the eminent domain. If this
new doctrine is confirmed, the consequences for the motorways bussines, publics
or in franchise, and for the private tariffs over public goods, might be important. The
author disagrees with the interpretation about the constitutional doctrine carried out
by the judgment, contributing with what can be considered elements of a more coherent
interpretation with the historical tradition in the field.
Continued growth, increasing complexity: Examining the evolving role of the Canadian educational developer
Authors: Laskar Benjamin
Published: September 2021

The improvement of teaching and learning in the Canadian post-secondary sector has grown in importance over the past fifty years as seen by the rise of the field of educational development. Educational Developers (EDs) can now be found at almost every publicly-funded college and university in the country and are increasingly integral to institutions of higher learning. However, as EDs engage in such a variety of multi-level support, it is difficult to precisely define their role. This paper will examine the role of the Canadian ED and how it has grown in complexity through an overview of the field of Canadian educational development, environmental influences on EDs, how their work is enacted, current challenges, as well as present and  future directions of the role. A greater understanding of EDs will enable institutions to make effective use of these individuals, and to offer them the tailored support they require to excel.
Adil Dünya İnancının Yakın Kişilerarası İlişkiler Açısından Ele Alınması
Authors: SAYAN KARAHAN Ayşegül
Published: September 2021

Bu alanyazın incelemesi, adil dünya inancı kavramının yakın kişilerarası ilişkiler açısından ele alınması hakkında bilgileri sunmaktadır. Adil dünya inancı; ruh sağlığı, adli psikoloji, endüstri-örgüt psikolojisi, sosyal psikoloji ve din psikolojisi gibi alanlarda çalışılmış olsa da yakın kişilerarası ilişkiler alanında sınırlı olarak ele alındığı ve bu alanda bir boşluk ve gereksinim olduğu görülmüştür. Bireylerin hak ettiklerini yaşadıklarına ve yaşadıklarını hak ettiklerine inanmaları anlamına gelen adil dünya inancı kavramının işlevleri, özellikleri ve gelişimi hakkında kuramsal açıklamalar gözden geçirilmiş, genel ve kişisel adil dünya inancı ayrımı ile hemen gelen adalet ve önünde sonunda gelen adalet ayrımı ele alınmış, adil dünya inancını destekleyen kuramlar kısaca açıklanmıştır. Ulaşılabilen ve yakın kişiler arası ilişkilerle ilişkili olabilecek alanyazın özetlenmiştir. Adil dünya inancının bireylerin çift ve evlilik ilişkisi içinde yaşadıkları olumlu ve şiddet, istismar, ihmal, aldatma gibi olumsuz deneyimleri bilişsel ve davranışsal olarak nasıl ele alacaklarını etkileyebileceği görülmektedir. Adil dünya inancının yakın kişilerarası ilişkilerde hem olumlu hem de olumsuz etkileri olabileceği görülmektedir. Bireylerin çift ve evlilik ilişkisi içinde yaşadıkları bu tür deneyimlerde içine girecekleri döngüler ile affetme, ilişkide kalma ya da ayrılma süreçlerinde görülebilecek adil dünya inancının yansımaları vurgulanarak tartışılmıştır. Adil dünya inancının yakın kişiler arası ilişkilerde ele alınmasına ilişkin daha ileri nitel ve nicel araştırmalarla ilgili öneriler sunulmuştur.
ADOPTION BEHAVIOUR OF FARMERS TOWARDS WHEAT VARIETY SHUATS W-6, IN HOLAGARH BLOCK OF PRAYAGRAJ DISTRICT, UTTAR PRADESH
Authors: Mishra Gaurav , Mazhar Syed H. , Jahanara Jahanara
Published: September 2021

India is an agrarian based country with two third of population as farming community. Wheat, ‘King of cereals’ also the second most cultivated food crop has technological gap in adoption of improved variety, hence the present study aims to understand the socio-economic profile, knowledge, attitude and adoption level of respondents to identify the technological gap and increase the adoption rate. The present study is carried out with 120 respondents from ten villages of Holgarh block of Prayagraj district of Uttar Pradesh. Primary data collected with the help of semi-structured interview schedule and subjected to statistical analysis. The results indicated that majority of the wheat growers had medium level of knowledge, attitude and adoption towards SHUATS W-6 variety. Further, it was recommended for timely availability of seeds, fertilizer, proper marketing facility and reducing the cost of critical inputs.
Kozmik Eğitim “Montessori ve Yaşam”
Authors: GÜNEY Mehmet , ÖZ Sena
Published: September 2021

Mevcut derleme; Montessori ve Yaşam teması üzerinden kozmik bakış açısı, kozmik eğitim, kozmik eğitim materyalleri ve kozmik eğitim uygulama örneklerine yer verilererek kozmik eğitimi bütüncül olarak ele almayı amaçlamıştır. Montessori kozmik eğitimi sadece bütünün bir parçası olarak değil, devam eden bir değişim süreci olarak görmektedir. Evrendeki her bir varlığın karşılıklı bir ilişkiyle birbirine bağlı olduğunu bu sebeple de her varlığa bir sorumluluk düştüğünü belirtmektedir. Bu sorumluluk bilincini kazandırmaya yönelik hazırlanan kozmik eğitim alanı, geniş ve karmaşık bir alandır. Kozmik eğitim içerisinde gezegendeki bütün canlı formlarla ilişkili olarak kişinin farklı yönleri dikkate alınmaktadır. Dünyanın, kozmosun ve onun içinde insanın rolü, tarihi, medeniyetleri, kültürleri bütünsel bir vizyonunun detaylandırılmasını kapsamaktadır. Kozmik eğitim materyalleri Montessori sınıfının en az dikkat çeken materyalleri olmasının dışında, kozmik eğitim dünyamızı sadece coğrafik olarak değil; içerisinde biyoloji, coğrafya, tarih gibi dünyaya ve insana dair farklı açılardan da görmektedir. Çocuğun yakın çevresini tanımasıyla başlayan çalışmalar, güneş sisteminin keşfine kadar uzanmaktadır. Bu kapsamda kozmik bakış açısı, kozmik eğitim, kozmik eğitim materyalleri ve uygulamaya ilişkin örnek sunularak Montessori kozmik eğitime bütüncül bir bakış açısı sunulmuştur.
Congenital syphilis as a cause of death in a newborn in 31st week of pregnancy – significance of testing for syphilis during pregnancy
Authors:   Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Regional Hospital, Kolín, Czech Republic, Čapek Lukáš , Toman Aleš
Published: September 2021

Summary: Objective: Description of a case of newborn death after acute caesarean section in 31st week of pregnancy because of mother’s syphilitic infection. Results: Fifteen-years-old primigravid woman in 31st week of pregnancy was admitted to a secondary level hospital due to a high risk of preterm labor. The pregnancy was terminated with an acute caesarean section because of pathological cardiotocograph record. The newborn died after 35 min of resuscitation. Blood samples from the umbilical cord and mother’s blood taken by her gynecologist were positive for syphilis. In cooperation with a dermatologist, the treatment has been provided and reported to the National Referential Laboratory. The autopsy of the newborn had found severe pneumonia, necrotic lymphadenitis and pyocele. Conclusion: The diagnosis of congenital syphilis had been determined after the death of a preterm delivered newborn. Resuscitation had no chance to success because of syphilitic damage of the lungs.
Molecular classification of endometrial cancers translated into practice
Authors:   Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Charles University Medical Faculty and University Hospital Plzeň, Plzeň, Czech Republic, Presl Jiří , Vaněček Tomáš , Michal Michael , Bouda Jiří , Kosťun Jan , Vlasák Pavel , Stráník Petr
Published: September 2021

Summary: Objective: The main objective of the article is to clearly inform healthcare professionals about the newly implemented molecular classification of endometrial cancer into practice. Methods: Summary of current knowledge, recommendations and new procedures relating to molecular genetic examination of the tissues of patients with endometrial carcinoma. Results: Endometrial cancer is currently diagnosed on the base of histopathological morphology. According to the classical Bokhman division, we distinguish between two relatively wide groups of tumors which are different in pathogenesis: type I – estrogen-dependent tumors, clinically usually indolent, and type II – non-endometroid tumors, clinically aggressive, without dependence on estrogen stimulation. This classification fulfills a  didactic purpose and provides easy orientation for epidemiological data, but is not suitable for stratification due to the overlap of clinical, pathological and molecular features. The Cancer Genome Atlas project classifies endometrial tumors into 4  groups based on molecular genetic features. Conclusion: Integration of the histopathological findings along with molecular classification appears to be the best approach for evaluating each individual tumor. This will help to achieve the ideal stratifi cation of patients for treatment regimens.
Prevention of de novo adhesion formation in patients with Asherman's syndrome
Authors:   Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 1st Medical Faculty of Charles University and General Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic, Boudová Barbora , Lisá Zdeňka , Richtárová Adéla , Kužel David , Mára Michal
Published: September 2021

Summary: Objective: To summarize recent data and knowledge of secondary prevention of the recurrence of intrauterine adhesions in patients with Asherman's syndrome. Methods: Analysis of literature evidence and clinical experience of the authors. Results: Asherman's syndrome is iatrogenic disease with problematic therapy. One of the basic issues is a need for repeated surgical interventions since the recurrence of adhesions is very frequent. Secondary prevention is a crucial factor for successful therapy in these patients. The methods applied include second-look hysteroscopy, hormonal treatment and different types of barriers. To compare their efficacy is difficult and the results of meta-analysis are contradictory. Conclusion: There are many diff erent possibilities of secondary prevention of the recurrence of intrauterine adhesions; unfortunately, none of them is perfect. The usage of solid or semi-solid barriers in combination with the support of endometrium regeneration with hormonal therapy seems most reasonable.
History and current trends in the treatment of idiopathic overactive bladder
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Charles University Medical Faculty and Hradec Králové University Hospital, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic, Habeš Dominik , Leško Daniel , Štěpán Martin , Špaček Jiří , Kestřánek Jan
Published: September 2021

Summary: Objective: Historical and current view on the therapy of overactive bladder. Methods: This review summarizes the historical approach and current therapy of overactive bladder. The articles were gathered from Pubmed and Scopus databases. Studies published before December 2020 were used for the review. Results and Conclusion: Overactive bladder is a condition that quite a lot reduces the quality of life of our patients. Our therapeutic approach starts with non-pharmacological treatment, such as pelvic floor exercises. The next step is a  pharmacological approach. The entry level drug is trospium. If the effect is not sufficient, propiverine, solifenacin, fesoterodine, darifenacin or mirabegron are used. Electrostimulation or botulinum toxin A application is an option only in cases that didn’t respond to pharmacological treatment. It is safe to say, that in the end, there is a way of reducing the severity of overactive bladder symptoms for every patient.
Digital Economy : A Journey Through 21st Century Towards 22nd Century with Respect to India
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Dr. Pradipta
Published: September 2021

Digital Economy refers to an economy which is based on digital computing technologies and can also be referred to as internet economy or web economy as the business activities are conducted through markets based on the internet or the World Wide Web. A Digital Economy also refers to the usage of various digitised information and knowledge to perform various economic activities and uses various new technologies like Internet, Cloud Computing, Big Data Analytics to collect, store and analyse information digitally. This way the modern digital economies are helping the local and regional business organisations to come out of their local boundaries and step into the global scenario to take advantages of the modern liberalisation policies of the governments along with reduced trade barriers throughout the world. This paper will study the importance of digital economy in the modern world along with the difference between the traditional economy and the digital economy and the current state of digital economy in India. This Study has been casual, exploratory and empirical in nature and the data needed for research work has been collected by using both direct and indirect method of data collection.
Swyer-James-Macleod Syndrome, Unilateral Hyperlucent Lung In Adulthood: A Case Presentation
Authors:   Department of Radio-Diagnosis Saveetha Medical College and Hospital Saveetha Nagar, Thandalam Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India – 602105., MDRD Dr. Praveen Sharma K , M Dr. Samaran ,   Department of Radio-Diagnosis Saveetha Medical College and Hospital Saveetha Nagar, Thandalam Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India – 602105., Mani Dr. Keerthivatsan ,   Department of Radio-Diagnosis Saveetha Medical College and Hospital Saveetha Nagar, Thandalam Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India – 602105., Govisetty Dr. Ashwini ,   Department of Radio-Diagnosis Saveetha Medical College and Hospital Saveetha Nagar, Thandalam Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India – 602105.
Published: September 2021

SWYER-JAMES-MACLEOD SYNDROME (SJMS) is a rare pulmonary disorder that manifests as unilateral hyperlucent lung. HRCT is a novel imaging modality to diagnose SJMS since Chest radiographs underestimate this condition. We report a case presentation of SJMS in a 54-year-old male and treated with bronchodilators and i.v antibiotics. In conclusion, only a few with SJMS in adulthood has been reported worldwide.
How do I use my living and lived experience to influence creative economic independence in others?
Authors:   , Kaplan Bonnie
Published: September 2021

Due to the high levels of unemployment in Durban South Africa, the New Venture Creation (NVC) groups I coached/mentored were seeking to become self-employed, to find social and economic independence. I have observed that many of the people in my NVC groups seemed to lack, self-confidence and self-esteem in the start-up process of their business. These lacunae pose a problem, as they are all necessary if one wants to create a viable, sustainable and profitable business. The reason that I coach these emerging entrepreneurs is to assist in building their self-confidence and self-esteem so that they have the courage to “go for it”. The problem I have sought to address in this research is: How do I influence emerging entrepreneurs to become sufficiently self-confident to be able to design, establish and sustain their own employment and employment for others? I work on the assumption that most people have the capacity to be self-employed. I have used autoethnography with action research to describe the interventions that I initiated, report on their implementation, as well as the evolution of new perceptions and understandings that developed as a result. By using my own and the participants visual data with still images and video with visual narrative I demonstrate the evidence of my living theory and self-study to influence creative economic independence in others and reflect critically on what has been done and achieved, and critically assess the way forward. I verbally explained the ethical issue of obtaining consent to use names and photographs in my study to the participants. My explanation was followed by obtaining written consent from the five key participants and others in the pictorial data.
Panorama de la investigación del cyberbullying escolar en la educación básica peruana, decenio 2010-2020
Authors: Chalco Fernández Julio César
Published: September 2021

El objetivo de este estudio bibliométrico es identificar y analizar de manera sistemática las investigaciones sobre cyberbullying escolar y educación que se hicieron en el contexto peruano del último decenio. Para tal fin, en la metodología se ha utilizado una Ficha de Análisis Documental con algunos criterios para la búsqueda y análisis de los artículos (20) y tesis (40) en diferentes bases de datos y repositorios. El hallazgo más importante es que la investigación peruana en relación al cyberbullying escolar aun es incipiente en comparación al resto de países de la región. La mayor producción investigadora está en las tesis y la acapara una sola universidad peruana. Los contextos de investigación están especialmente en la costa centro y norte. Por ello, concluimos que, si bien, el panorama de la investigación sobre el cyberbullying aun es menor respecto a otros paises latinoamericanos, el número de trabajos va en aumento, especialmente en el último trienio.

Palabras clave: Cyberbullying escolar, educación peruana , investigación
Diagnóstico de ingreso en investigación en estudiantes del curso 106 de la Escuela Militar de Suboficiales “Sargento Inocencio Chincá”
Authors: Barrero Garcia Julian Enrique , Parra Orozco Yerife Andrea , Cristancho Cuestas Rubén Darley , Sanabria Peña Diego Alejandro
Published: September 2021

El presente artículo de investigación pretende dar a conocer una interpretación y análisis frente al diagnóstico realizado al iniciar la formación en el área de Investigación con los estudiantes del curso 106 de la Escuela Militar de Suboficiales la Escuela “Sargento Inocencio Chincá” durante el segundo semestre del 2020. Se utiliza una metodología de tipo mixta exploratoria, mediante el instrumento de la encuesta, la cual se aplicó de manera virtual a una población de cien estudiantes con el objetivo de conocer los conocimientos previos en relación  a la investigación, ya que dentro de los saberes que hacen parte de su formación se encuentra la investigación durante los tres primeros semestres de formación que reciben en la institución; con el objetivo de direccionar los procesos educativos hacia la construcción de una propuesta y proyecto de investigación. Este diagnóstico es parte importante frente a la labor del docente, ya que mediante este se pueden programar y establecer los contenidos temáticos adecuados, la práctica y desarrollo de actividades que fortalezcan y enriquezcan el perfil profesional del futuro cabo tercero del Ejército Nacional de Colombia. Así mismo se generan propuestas de alcance frente a impartir un conocimiento pertinente y no repetitivo con miras a la calidad educativa.
Gestión educativa y clima organizacional en instituciones educativas públicas de nivel de educación primaria de Huanta – Ayacucho
Authors: Rivas Martínez Norma
Published: September 2021

La investigación se realizó teniendo como objetivo conocer la relación que existe entre la gestión educativa y el clima organizacional en las instituciones educativas de nivel de educación primaria en la zona urbana del distrito de Huanta. Investigación de tipo descriptivo y diseño correlacional. En ella se utilizó como instrumento el cuestionario sobre gestión educativa y clima organizacional que fue aplicado a una muestra de 80 docentes. El tratamiento estadístico se realizó haciendo uso de la prueba Taub de Kendall debido a que los valores presentados por los instrumentos se encuentran en escala ordinal. Asimismo, el resultado obtenido permite concluir que existe relación significativa entre la gestión educativa y el clima organizacional en las instituciones educativas de nivel de educación primaria de la zona urbana del distrito de Huanta. (tb=0,701, p=0,000<0,05).
Influencia de los textos lúdicos en la producción de textos de estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Morón Hernandez Julia Liliana , Velásquez Zea Iván Leonidas , Cortez Cordova Maximiliana Gladys
Published: September 2021

La investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la influencia de los textos lúdicos en la  Producción de textos en los estudiantes del III Ciclo, Mención: Lengua y literatura de  la Facultad de Educación de la UNSLG,  realizamos el diagnóstico que permitió evidenciar las limitaciones para producir  textos de los estudiantes y proponer el uso de los textos lúdicos de manera recreativa convencidos que el juego es un recurso de aprendizaje renovador y motivador, planteamos nuestro problema general y específicos. La investigación fue de tipo aplicada con diseño cuasi  experimental, método  experimental, la muestra: 55 estudiantes distribuidos  en grupo experimental, 30 estudiantes  y grupo de control, 25 estudiantes, luego de aplicar los instrumentos, los resultados obtenidos comprobaron la hipótesis: Los textos lúdicos  influyen significativamente en la Producción de textos en los estudiantes  del III Ciclo de la mención de Lengua y Literatura de la Facultad de  Educación.  En la evaluación de entrada con respecto a la producción de textos el grupo de control  obtuvo 80% en la categoría deficiente, 15%  en la categoría regular y 5% en la categoría muy deficiente; el grupo experimental  en la categoría deficiente obtuvo 95% y 5% en la categoría muy deficiente. En la evaluación de salida el grupo de control obtuvo 70% en la categoría deficiente, 30%  en la categoría regular y el grupo experimental obtuvo 75% en la categoría regular,  15% en la categoría  bueno y 10% en la categoría deficiente.
Estrategias lúdicas para el desarrollo de la motricidad fina en niños de una institución educativa inicial
Authors: Quispe Morales Freddy
Published: September 2021

El trabajo de investigación que se presenta se desarrolló teniendo como objetivo comprobar la influencia de las estrategias lúdicas en el desarrollo de la motricidad fina en niños de una institución educativa inicial. Es una investigación realizada desde el enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo experimental y concretada en un diseño pre experimental. Asimismo, para la recolección de datos se utilizó como instrumento la ficha de observación, que fue aplicada a una muestra de 20 niños de 5 años de edad del nivel de educación inicial. El estadígrafo utilizado para la correspondiente prueba de hipótesis fue Wilcoxon por tratarse de datos en escala ordinal. Los resultados obtenidos como consecuencia de la investigación realizada permite concluir que las estrategias lúdicas influyen de manera significativa en el desarrollo de la motricidad fina en niños de 5 años del nivel de educación inicial, resultado que se corrobora con el nivel de significancia que es igual a 0,000 < 0,05 por lo que se permite rechazar la hipótesis nula y aceptar la hipótesis alterna.
Components of the organizational and legal mechanism for the use of security measures in the investigation of crimes in correctional institutions
Authors:   Federal Governmental Institution «Research Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia», SHURUKHNOV NIKOLAI G.
Published: September 2021

The article analyzes the implementation of security measures that ensure the process of investigating crimes committed by convicts during the period of serving a sentence of imprisonment in correctional institutions. Their individual names, specific features, prescribed by federal laws and regulatory legal acts of the Ministry of Justice of Russia and the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia are indicated. The article shows their role in obtaining information that contributes to the planning of the investigation, the search for places of incidents that could not be established by the interrogator or the investigator, the detection of traces of the crime, material evidence, the implementation in some cases of their protection, in others - their seizure according to the rules approximated to the requirements of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russiansideration of the principles of conducting security measures in institutions that provide isolation from society. The issue is raised about the recognition of the seized items as material evidence according to the rules established by federal law. The approach to the problem of ensuring the process of investigating crimes committed by convicts in prisons, with the parallel implementation of security measures, proposed in this article, is close to the ideas of Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Law, Professor Konstantin Konstantinovich Goryainov, who was an adherent of the problem of operational search support for the investigation of crimes committed in the institutions of the penitentiary system of the Russian Federation. Federation. Substantial attention is paid to the con
Ways to improve professional communicative competence among cadets of FPS of Russia educational institutions of higher education
Authors:   Perm Institute of the FPS of Russia, NIKITINA TATYANA V.
Published: September 2021

The article deals with the problem of increasing the professional communicative competence of cadets of the FPS of Russia educational institutions. The article deals with the problem of increasing the professional communicative competence of cadets of the FPS of Russia educational institutions. To implement the research tasks, the following research methods were used: analysis and generalization of pedagogical and methodological literature on the topic of the work, questionnaires, observation, generalization of pedagogical experience. As a result of the work carried out, the current state of the communicative training of applicants and graduates of departmental universities has been analyzed, the importance of professional communicative competence for the further service activities of the penal system staff has been substantiated, and ways of developing this competence in the process of training at a departmental university have been proposed. The author believes that the study of the disciplines «Russian language and culture of speech» and «Russian language in business documentation» is the first stage in the formation of professional communicative competence of cadets, since it lays down communication skills that allow optimal use of the means of the Russian language not only in everyday communication, but also in professional communication. The development of this competence is positively influenced by the cadets' involvement in research activities, meetings with practitioners of the Penal system, reading various literature, as well as modern digital technologies that allow them to independently increase the level of their communicative competence. These measures will have a positive effect on the formation of the professional communicative competence of cadets, which affects the further service activities of the penal system staff.
Análisis de la respuesta productiva ante la variabilidad climática en tipos de vegetación exótica y nativa del Desierto Sonorense
Authors: Choza-Farías Sofía , Romo-Leon Jose Raúl , Castellanos-Villegas Alejandro E.
Published: September 2021

La introducción de zacate buffel (Cenchrus ciliaris) para incrementar la producción de forraje ha provocado modificaciones en grandes extensiones de terreno del Desierto Sonorense. Aunado a lo anterior, nuestro conocimiento acerca de la influencia de fenómenos climáticos, como El Niño, sobre la dinámica de productividad en la vegetación, es limitado. El presente trabajo pretende analizar la actividad fotosintética/productiva de la vegetación del Desierto Sonorense en sitios con matorral subtropical y praderas de buffel para determinar diferencias entre fases del fenómeno El Niño Oscilación del Sur (ENSO acrónimo en inglés). Se establecieron sitios de estudio en comunidades vegetales con y sin buffel. Se adquirieron imágenes satelitales del “Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)” para derivar el Índice de Vegetación de Diferencia Normalizada (NDVI, acrónimo en inglés) en compuestos de 16 días. Se obtuvo información acerca de las diferentes fases de El Niño desde 2001 hasta 2017. Los resultados sugieren actividad productiva mayor durante la fase Neutra que durante las fases El Niño o La Niña. También, el matorral subtropical presenta mayor actividad productiva que las praderas de buffel en cualquiera de las combinaciones estación-fase analizadas, excepto en La Niña durante el verano
AI Education in China and the United States: A Comparative Assessment
Authors:   Center for Security and Emerging Technology, Peterson Dahlia , Goode Kayla , Gehlhaus Diana
Published: September 2021

A globally competitive AI workforce hinges on the education, development, and sustainment of the best and brightest AI talent. This issue brief compares efforts to integrate AI education in China and the United States, and what advantages and disadvantages this entails. The authors consider key differences in system design and oversight, as well as strategic planning. They then explore implications for the U.S. national security community.
Delayed Inhalational Injury due to Accidental Muriatic Acid Poisoning
Authors: Kavuru Naga Siri , Krishnan Shanmuganadan
Published: September 2021

Muriatic acid is the commonly used toilet bowl cleaner in India. It is delivered industrially and is utilized for cleaning, pickling, electroplating metals, in refining mineral metals, in petrol well extraction, in cowhide tanning, in the refining of fats, cleansers, and consumable oils. Inhalation is the most common exposure of muriatic acid contamination. In this article, medical studies about a case of delayed inhalational injury due to muriatic acid poisoning has been reported.
Women’s Participation in Governance and Political Processes in Kenya: Threats and Proposed Remedies
Authors: Kiplimo Geoffrey , Amunga Hellen
Published: September 2021

The most recent studies on women’s political participation demonstrate that women are consistently denied adequate space and a level playing field to participate in politics and governance, especially in many global south countries, unlike their male counterparts. These studies’ most dominant claim is that these contexts’ patriarchal cultural norms mainly limit women’s central involvement in such nations’ political processes. Based on this impediment system, it follows that these environments become more unpropitious, hostile, and insecure for women in politics, which opens up and perpetuates possibilities for all manner of harm to them. Because of such threats, several scholars, religious leaders, and women activists decry the underrepresentation of women in politics, which in their understanding, has contributed to prolonged systemic discrimination through a legacy of insufficient woman-centric legislation and policy interventions. There is a consensus-based claim among the majority of these actors that this kind of inadequacy continues unabated due to a siloed thinking that inhibits a joined-up approach in tackling such discrimination. This paper seeks to further explore this claim through a broad stroke integrated review of literature that deals with women’s political participation in Kenya, where the concept of traditional gender role beliefs provides a vital backdrop for conducting it. Based on this concept’s valuable terms of reference, it is concluded that women need to be accorded a more enabling environment to participate in politics and, in this way, ensure that their ascension to leadership positions in governance becomes tenable. It is anticipated that such an assumption will increase legislation, policy and other interventions geared towards safeguarding women’s general participation in politics. In light of such conclusion, it is proposed that groundswell support is needed to ensure that the creation of a conducive environment for women to be involved in politics is realized, and in this way, their disenfranchisement based on their limited participation in politics is tackled.
EVALUASI PASCA PELATIHAN KADER POSBINDU PTM ANGKATAN I DI LATKESMAS MURNAJATI TAHUN 2020 DENGAN PENDEKATAN MODEL KIRKPATRIC
Authors: NOERLIANI DONY
Published: September 2021

Penyakit Tidak Menular (PTM) dapat dicegah dengan mengendalikan factor resikonya. Upaya untuk menunjang program pemerintah dalam pengendalian factor resiko PTM serta terlaksananya pencegahan dan pengendalian factor resiko PTM berbasis peran serta masyarakat secara terpadu, rutin dan periodic maka diperlukan strategi khusus yaitu dengan pendidikan dan pelatihan kader Posbindu PTM. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi perubahan perilaku peserta Diklat Kader Posbindu PTM angkatan I dalam menerapkan hasil belajarnya pada pelaksanaan tugas sebagai kader Posbindu PTM di wilayah kerjanya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif untuk mengevaluasi perubahan perilaku peserta Diklat Kader Posbindu PTM I dengan metode evaluasi Kicrpatrick tahap tiga dengan sumber data peserta diklat, kader Posbindu PTM dan PJ PTM di tempat peserta Diklat Kader Posbindu PTM I. Pengambilan data secara daring dengan google drive dan observasi oleh enumerator. Pengambilan data dilakukan sepuluh (10) bulan setelah pelatihan. Hampir seluruh peserta diklat telah menindaklanjuti Rencana Tindak Lanjut yang telah dibuat yaitu pelaporan, sosialisasi, dan penyusunan rencana kerja. Sebagian besar peserta diklat telah melaksanakan upaya pencegahan dan pengendalian Faktor Resiko PTM secara preventif, promotif, deteksi dini dan monitoring serta pelaksanaan rujukan pada warga dengan resiko dan melaksanakan pencatatan dan pelaporan. Posbindu PTM merupakan wujud peran serta masyarakat dalam kegiatan deteksi dini, monitoring dan tindak lanjut dini factor resiko PTM secara mandiri dan berkesinambungan. Pelatihan diperlukan untuk pengembangan diri kader agar penyelenggaraan Posbindu menjadi lebih efekltif oleh karena itu diperlukan evaluasi pelatihan yang telah dilaksanakan untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang efektifitas dan tingkat ketercapaian dari suatu pendidikan dan pelatihan.
A mass-balance-based emission inventory of non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) for solvent use in China
Authors: Mo Ziwei , Cui Ru , Yuan Bin , Cai Huihua , McDonald Brian C. , Li Meng , Zheng Junyu , Shao Min
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) are important precursors of
ozone (O3) and secondary organic aerosol (SOA), which play key roles in
tropospheric chemistry. A huge amount of NMVOC emissions from solvent use
are complicated by a wide spectrum of sources and species. This work
presents a long-term NMVOC emission inventory of solvent use during
2000–2017 in China. Based on a mass (material) balance method, NMVOC
emissions were estimated for six categories, including coatings, adhesives,
inks, pesticides, cleaners, and personal care products. The results show that
NMVOC emissions from solvent use in China increased rapidly from 2000 to
2014 then kept stable after 2014. The total emission increased from 1.6 Tg
(1.2–2.2 Tg at 95 % confidence interval) in 2000 to 10.6 Tg (7.7–14.9 Tg)
in 2017. The substantial growth is driven by the large demand for solvent
products in both industrial and residential activities. However, increasing
treatment facilities in the solvent-related factories in China restrained
the continued growth of solvent NMVOC emissions in recent years. Rapidly
developing and heavily industrialized provinces such as Jiangsu, Shandong,
and Guangdong contributed significantly to the solvent use emissions.
Oxygenated VOCs, alkanes, and aromatics were the main components, accounting for
42 %, 28 %, and 21 % of total NMVOC emissions in 2017, respectively.
Our results and previous inventories are generally comparable within the
estimation uncertainties (−27 %–52 %). However, there exist significant
differences in the estimates of sub-categories. Personal care products were
a significant and quickly rising source of NMVOCs, which were probably
underestimated in previous inventories. Emissions from solvent use were
growing faster compared with transportation and combustion emissions, which
were relatively better controlled in China. Environmentally friendly
products can reduce the NMVOC emissions from solvent use. Supposing all
solvent-based products were substituted with water-based products, it would
result in 37 %, 41 %, and 38 % reduction of emissions, ozone formation
potential (OFP), and secondary organic aerosol formation potential (SOAP),
respectively. These results indicate there is still large potential for NMVOC
reduction by reducing the utilization of solvent-based products and
implementation of end-of-pipe controls across industrial sectors.
Atmospheric oxidation of α,β-unsaturated ketones: kinetics and mechanism of the OH radical reaction
Authors: Illmann Niklas , Gibilisco Rodrigo Gastón , Bejan Iustinian Gabriel , Patroescu-Klotz Iulia , Wiesen Peter
Published: September 2021

Abstract. The OH-radical-initiated oxidation of 3-methyl-3-penten-2-one and 4-methyl-3-penten-2-one was investigated in two atmospheric simulation chambers at 298±3 K and 990±15 mbar using long-path FTIR spectroscopy. The rate coefficients of the reactions of 3-methyl-3-penten-2-one and 4-methyl-3-penten-2-one with OH radicals were determined to be (6.5±1.2)×10-11 and (8.1±1.3)×10-11 cm3molecule-1s-1, respectively. To enlarge the kinetics data pool the rate coefficients of the target species with Cl atoms were determined to be (2.8±0.4)×10-10 and (3.1±0.4)×10-10 cm3molecule-1s-1, respectively. The mechanistic investigation of the OH-initiated oxidation focuses on the RO2+NO reaction. The quantified products were acetoin, acetaldehyde, biacetyl, CO2 and peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) for the reaction of 3-methyl-3-penten-2-one with OH radicals and acetone, methyl glyoxal, 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanal, CO2 and peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) for the reaction of 4-methyl-3-penten-2-one with OH, respectively. Based on the calculated product yields an upper limit of 0.15 was determined for the yield of RONO2 derived from the OH reaction of 4-methyl-3-penten-2-one. By contrast, no RONO2 formation was observed for the OH reaction of 3-methyl-3-penten-2-one. Additionally, a simple model is presented to correct product yields for secondary processes.
Estimating surface mass balance patterns from unoccupied aerial vehicle measurements in the ablation area of the Morteratsch–Pers glacier complex (Switzerland)
Authors: Van Tricht Lander , Huybrechts Philippe , Van Breedam Jonas , Vanhulle Alexander , Van Oost Kristof , Zekollari Harry
Published: September 2021

Abstract. The surface mass balance (SMB) of a glacier provides the link
between the glacier and the local climate. For this reason, it is
intensively studied and monitored. However, major efforts are required to
determine the point SMB at a sufficient number of locations to capture the
heterogeneity of the SMB pattern. Furthermore, because of the time-consuming
and costly nature of these measurements, detailed SMB measurements are
carried out on only a limited number of glaciers. In this study, we
investigate how to accurately determine the SMB in the ablation zone of
Vadret da Morteratsch and Vadret Pers (Engadin, Switzerland) using the
continuity equation method, based on the expression of conservation of mass
for glacier flow with constant density. An elaborate dataset (spanning the
2017–2020 period) of high-resolution data derived from unoccupied aerial
vehicle (UAV) measurements (surface elevation changes and surface
velocities) is combined with reconstructed ice thickness fields (based on
radar measurements). To determine the performance of the method, we compare
modelled SMB with measured SMB values at the position of stakes. Our results
indicate that with annual UAV surveys, it is possible to obtain SMB
estimates with a mean absolute error smaller than 0.5 m of ice
equivalent per year. Yet, our study demonstrates that to obtain these
accuracies, it is necessary to consider the ice flow over spatial scales of
several times the local ice thickness, accomplished in this study by
applying an exponential decay filter. Furthermore, our study highlights the
crucial importance of the ice thickness, which must be sufficiently well
known in order to accurately apply the method. The latter currently seems to
complicate the application of the continuity equation method to derive
detailed SMB patterns on regional to global scales.
Comparative law and equivalence assessment of system-bound terms in EU legal translation
Authors: Jopek-Bosiacka Anna
Published: September 2021

Legal translation is not only inter-lingual translation, but also a translation of and between various legal systems. Many translation problems may be solved by having reference to comparative law. This is especially critical in the European Union, whose policy of multilingualism and striving towards the principle of equal authenticity in law leads to something close to mission impossible: the reconciliation of the 28 legal systems of its member states into a coherent body of law which would ensure uniform interpretation of EU legal texts. The aim of this paper is to describe legal translation strategies in general, and illustrate them using English–Polish official translations of system-bound terms of the case law of the European Court of Justice. The analysis will focus on several vital concepts of common law, such as ‘equity’, ‘consideration’, ‘trust’, ‘misrepresentation’, and ‘tort’; terms which are mostly absent in the Polish legal system. Comparative law will serve as a tool for the quality assessment of legal translation and evaluation of the equivalence of legally adequate terms.
Yinglish in Woody Allen’s films: A dubbing issue
Authors: Brisset Frédérique
Published: September 2021

A prominent representative of the Jewish-American population, Woody Allen often refers to his Ashkenazi origins in his films in a self-derisive way. His dialogues are interspersed with Yinglish, a feature which offers a serious challenge to French translators, especially for the dubbed versions of the films. Dubbing remains the prevalent mode of audiovisual translation in France and provides many opportunities to manipulate and alter the original film soundtrack. This article presents a comparative analysis of examples from Allen's dialogues and the French dubbed versions, in an attempt to unearth the strategies used by translators in view of adapting to the diverging abilities of the target audience. Two semantic fields are under scrutiny: the religious Jewish technolect and Yiddish slang, a humorous device which serves the needs of protagonist characterization and is widely assimilated by American English. The examples are taken from eight comedies by Allen, covering a thirty-four-year time span in the director's extensive career.
The translation of multilingual films: Modes, strategies, constraints and manipulation in the Spanish translations of It’s a Free World …
Authors: De Higes Andino Irene
Published: September 2021

British films narrating stories of migration and diaspora are usually multilingual, as directors and scriptwriters wish to depict the linguistic diversity characteristic of today’s British society. But what happens when multilingual films are translated into other languages for distribution abroad? Is multilingualism maintained in the target versions of the film? And when multilingualism is omitted or substituted, is filmic manipulation technically or ideologically bounded? This paper develops a model of analysis which opens up a path in the study of the translation of multilingualism in films by establishing a relationship between translation modes, translation strategies and constraints. I then put the model for analysis to the test in a case study of the dubbing and subtitling into Spanish of one British migration and diasporic film, It’s a Free World … by Ken Loach (2007).
Narratives of Translation and Belonging in Multilingual Performance: The Case Study of 20/20
Authors: Komporaly Jozefina
Published: September 2021

This article investigates ways in which theatre and performance have the potential to revisit and re-interpret ideological narratives. Drawing on the politics of transnational performance-making processes, it examines how multilingual theatre productions can contribute to the production of subjective and collective identities, and help articulate ideas and perceptions of belonging. With reference to 20/20 – a piece of documentary-style theatre about a major inter-ethnic conflict that took place in 1990 in a bilingual city in Romania – this case study maps out arguments for utilizing multilingualism on stage, and engages with the ethics of representation in the process of multilingual transfer. Billed as  ‘multi-ethnic and multilingual’, the production embraces an agenda that goes beyond the examination of an isolated local conflict and makes the point that both theatre-making and theatre-going are experiences that strongly interact with narratives of cultural identity and hybridization. Thus, the representation of belonging or not belonging is tied in with questions of agency, and the right of individuals to affirm and indeed interrogate their hereditary links to a community.
Translating French into French: The case of Close Encounters of the Third Kind
Authors: Labate Simon
Published: September 2021

This paper deals with the French dubbed version of Steven Spielberg’s 1977 Close Encounters of the Third Kind. The film features a scientist who mainly speaks French and is helped by an interpreter, who often translates simultaneously or consecutively from French into English and vice versa. In the French dub, however, all the characters speak French, which is why the original redundancy created by the interpreting acts had to be avoided at all cost. The analysis of a number of scenes makes it possible to identify the various translation strategies applied to conceal the original multilingual situations. The textual modifications carried out to produce a coherent French script have repercussions on the image of the scientist and his interpreter as characters in the film.