bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conserved and divergent functions of Nfix in skeletal muscle development during vertebrate evolution
Authors: Pistocchi Anna , Gaudenzi Germano , Foglia Efrem , Monteverde Stefania , Moreno-Fortuny Artal , Pianca Alessia , Cossu Giulio , Cotelli Franco , Messina Graziella
Published: March 2013

During mouse skeletal muscle development, the Nfix gene has a pivotal role in regulating fetal-specific transcription. Zebrafish and mice share related programs for muscle development, although zebrafish develops at a much faster rate. In fact, although mouse fetal muscle fibers form after 15 days of development, in fish secondary muscle fibers form by 48 hours post-fertilization in a process that until now has been poorly characterized mechanically. In this work, we studied the zebrafish ortholog Nfix (nfixa) and its role in the proper switch to the secondary myogenic wave. This allowed us to highlight evolutionarily conserved and divergent functions of Nfix. In fact, the knock down of nfixa in zebrafish blocks secondary myogenesis, as in mouse, but also alters primary slow muscle fiber formation. Moreover, whereas Nfix mutant mice are motile, nfixa knockdown zebrafish display impaired motility that probably depends upon disruption of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. We conclude that, during vertebrate evolution, the transcription factor Nfix lost some specific functions, probably as a consequence of the different environment in which teleosts and mammals develop.
Lethal giant larvae 2 regulates development of the ciliated organ Kupffer’s vesicle
Authors: Tay Hwee Goon , Schulze Sabrina K. , Compagnon Julien , Foley Fiona C. , Heisenberg Carl-Philipp , Yost H. Joseph , Abdelilah-Seyfried Salim , Amack Jeffrey D.
Published: March 2013

Motile cilia perform crucial functions during embryonic development and throughout adult life. Development of organs containing motile cilia involves regulation of cilia formation (ciliogenesis) and formation of a luminal space (lumenogenesis) in which cilia generate fluid flows. Control of ciliogenesis and lumenogenesis is not yet fully understood, and it remains unclear whether these processes are coupled. In the zebrafish embryo, lethal giant larvae 2 (lgl2) is expressed prominently in ciliated organs. Lgl proteins are involved in establishing cell polarity and have been implicated in vesicle trafficking. Here, we identified a role for Lgl2 in development of ciliated epithelia in Kupffer’s vesicle, which directs left-right asymmetry of the embryo; the otic vesicles, which give rise to the inner ear; and the pronephric ducts of the kidney. Using Kupffer’s vesicle as a model ciliated organ, we found that depletion of Lgl2 disrupted lumen formation and reduced cilia number and length. Immunofluorescence and time-lapse imaging of Kupffer’s vesicle morphogenesis in Lgl2-deficient embryos suggested cell adhesion defects and revealed loss of the adherens junction component E-cadherin at lateral membranes. Genetic interaction experiments indicate that Lgl2 interacts with Rab11a to regulate E-cadherin and mediate lumen formation that is uncoupled from cilia formation. These results uncover new roles and interactions for Lgl2 that are crucial for both lumenogenesis and ciliogenesis and indicate that these processes are genetically separable in zebrafish.
A Cul-3-BTB ubiquitylation pathway regulates junctional levels and asymmetry of core planar polarity proteins
Authors: Strutt Helen , Searle Elizabeth , Thomas-MacArthur Victoria , Brookfield Rosalind , Strutt David
Published: March 2013

The asymmetric localisation of core planar polarity proteins at apicolateral junctions is required to specify cell polarity in the plane of epithelia. This asymmetric distribution of the core proteins is proposed to require amplification of an initial asymmetry by feedback loops. In addition, generation of asymmetry appears to require the regulation of core protein levels, but the importance of such regulation and the underlying mechanisms is unknown. Here we show that ubiquitylation acts through more than one mechanism to control core protein levels in Drosophila, and that without this regulation cellular asymmetry is compromised. Levels of Dishevelled at junctions are regulated by a Cullin-3-Diablo/Kelch ubiquitin ligase complex, the activity of which is most likely controlled by neddylation. Furthermore, activity of the deubiquitylating enzyme Fat facets is required to maintain Flamingo levels at junctions. Notably, ubiquitylation does not alter the total cellular levels of Dishevelled or Flamingo, but only that of the junctional population. When junctional core protein levels are either increased or decreased by disruption of the ubiquitylation machinery, their asymmetric localisation is reduced and this leads to disruption of planar polarity at the tissue level. Loss of asymmetry by altered core protein levels can be explained by reference to feedback models for amplification of asymmetry.
Subclavian artery aneurysms: management implications in a resource-limited setting
Authors: Naz Iram , Zia-Ur-Rehman  , Aziz Munira , Sophie Ziad
Published: March 2013

Subclavian artery (SA) aneurysms (SCAA) are relatively uncommon but carry a significant risk of rupture, thrombosis and embolism if left untreated. We describe the etiology, mode of presentation and outcome of surgical management of 10 patients presenting with SCAA between January 1990 and December 2010. The mean age was 43.7 years. There were seven men and three women. Five patients had aneurysms due to trauma, four had it due to thoracic outlet syndrome and one had it secondary to atherosclerosis. Five patients presented with ischemic symptoms of the distal upper extremity, while the rest presented with a pulsatile neck mass. All patients were treated surgically. Six patients were approached with combined supra- and infraclavicular incisions. Aneurysm resection with reconstruction using saphenous vein or synthetic grafts was done in eight patients. There was no perioperative mortality. The early patency rate was 100%. Surgical treatment is effective and recommended for most patients with SCAA.
Desvendando o Book Building em ofertas de ações
Authors: Romano Patrícia Ribeiro , Almeida Vinicio de Souza e
Published: March 2013

DOI: 10.12660/gvcasosv2n1c5http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/gvcasosv2n1c5
Enrolados na sacola plástica (Notas de ensino)
Authors: Rodrigues Antonio Carlos , De Morais Kelly
Published: March 2013

DOI: 10.12660/gvcasosv2n1n2http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/gvcasosv2n1n2
Sobral and its hard earned success in the international costume jewelry market
Authors: Viana Mila , Carneiro Jorge , Garrido Marcos , Peixoto Tania
Published: March 2013

Sobral is today a major player in the resin-based costume jewelry business and is present in major international markets – France, Germany and the US – besides having a strong position in its home country, Brazil. International expansion was not carefully planned, however. The company face some dilemmas: consolidate positions in its current markets or open new frontiers? What foreign entry modes to adopt? How to overcome the lack of resources and accelerate expansion, both internationally and in Brazil? DOI: 10.12660/gvcasosv2n2c11http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/gvcasosv2n2c11
Stakeholders: fonte de informação para o planejamento de marketing
Authors: Dalfovo Michael Samir , Pavão Yeda Maria Pereira , Alberton Anete , Rossetto Carlos Ricardo , Silva Debora Pereira
Published: March 2013

O que fazer para incorporar as necessidades dos stakeholders de uma empresa em seu plano de marketing? A Microcomp Informática vive o desafio de combinar ações estratégicas, identificação de problemas, necessidades e desejos de seus colaboradores e clientes em um mercado cada vez mais competitivo. DOI: 10.12660/gvcasosv2n2c12http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/gvcasosv2n2c12
Concessões de termoelétricas no Brasil: investir ou não?
Authors: Martits Luiz Augusto , Garcia Fábio Gallo , Amaral Júnior José Bento Carlos
Published: March 2013

Um grupo privado brasileiro, cujo foco é investir em projetos de infraestrutura, avalia a concessão de uma usina termoelétrica. A renda da concessionária que a adquire  é composta por remuneração fixa e variável. Como a remuneração variável não cobre os custos operacionais arcados pela usina, quanto menos ela operar, melhor para a concessionária. Como agir nesse caso? DOI: 10.12660/gvcasosv2n2c7http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/gvcasosv2n2c7
Ação coletiva e desenvolvimento local: o caso de Poço Verde
Authors: Caldas Eduardo de Lima , Jayo Martin
Published: March 2013

O município de Poço Verde, em Sergipe, possui uma população rural ameaçada pela fome e insuficiência de ocupação e renda, apesar das terras disponíveis e ociosas. Quando o Governo Federal lança o Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento da Agricultura Familiar (PRONAF), a situação pode mudar, mas para receber os benefícios, os atores públicos e sociais locais precisam de um conjunto de ações articuladas.  DOI: 10.12660/gvcasosv2n2c8http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/gvcasosv2n2c8
Ação coletiva e desenvolvimento local: o caso de Poço Verde (Notas de ensino)
Authors: Caldas Eduardo de Lima , Jayo Martin
Published: March 2013

DOI: 10.12660/gvcasosv2n2n8http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/gvcasosv2n2n8
Learning intrinsic excitability in medium spiny neurons
Authors: Scheler Gabriele
Published: March 2013

We present an unsupervised, local activation-dependent learning rule for intrinsic plasticity (IP) which affects the composition of ion channel conductances for single neurons in a use-dependent way. We use a single-compartment conductance-based model for medium spiny striatal neurons in order to show the effects of parameterization of individual ion channels on the neuronal activation function. We show that parameter changes within the physiological ranges are sufficient to create an ensemble of neurons with significantly different activation functions. We emphasize that the effects of intrinsic neuronal variability on spiking behavior require a distributed mode of synaptic input and can be eliminated by strongly correlated input. We show how variability and adaptivity in ion channel conductances can be utilized to store patterns without an additional contribution by synaptic plasticity (SP). The adaptation of the spike response may result in either "positive" or "negative" pattern learning. However, read-out of stored information depends on a distributed pattern of synaptic activity to let intrinsic variability determine spike response. We briefly discuss the implications of this conditional memory on learning and addiction.
Paging Doctor Google! Heuristics vs. technology
Authors: Jhaveri Kenar D , Schrier Peter B , Mattana Joseph
Published: March 2013

The most dramatic development in medical decision-making technology has been the advent of the Internet. This has had an impact not only on clinicians, but has also become an important resource for patients who often approach their doctors with medical information they have obtained from the Internet.  Increasingly, medical students, residents and attending physicians have been using the Internet as a tool for diagnosing and treating disease. Internet-based resources that are available take various forms, including informational websites, online journals and textbooks, and social media.  Search engines such as Google have been increasingly used to help in making diagnoses of disease entities. Do these search methods fare better than experienced heuristic methods? In a small study, we examined the comparative role of heuristics versus the 'Google' mode of thinking. Internal medicine residents were asked to “google” key words to come up with a diagnosis. Their results were compared to experienced nephrology faculty and fellows in training using heuristics and no additional help of internet. Overall, with the aid of Google, the novices (internal medicine residents) correctly diagnosed renal diseases less often than the experts (the attendings) but with the same frequency as the intermediates (nephrology fellows).  However, in a subgroup analysis of both common diseases and rare diseases, the novices correctly diagnosed renal diseases less often than the experts but more often than the intermediates in each analysis.  The novices correctly diagnosed renal diseases with the same frequency as nephrology fellows in training.
Closed Queueing Networks Under Congestion: Nonbottleneck Independence and Bottleneck Convergence
Authors: Anselmi Jonatha , D'Auria Bernardo , Walton Neil
Published: March 2013

We analyze the behavior of closed multiclass product-form queueing networks when the number of customers grows to infinity and remains proportionate on each route (or class). First, we focus on the stationary behavior and prove the conjecture that the stationary distribution at nonbottleneck queues converges weakly to the stationary distribution of an ergodic, open product-form queueing network, which is geometric. This open network is obtained by replacing bottleneck queues with per-route Poissonian sources whose rates are uniquely determined by the solution of a strictly concave optimization problem. We strengthen such results by also proving convergence of the first moment of the queue lengths of nonbottleneck stations. Then we focus on the transient behavior of the network and use fluid limits to prove that the amount of fluid, or customers, on each route eventually concentrates on the bottleneck queues only and that the long-term proportions of fluid in each route and in each queue solve the dual of the concave optimization problem that determines the throughputs of the previous open network.
An Exact Duality Theory for Semidefinite Programming Based on Sums of Squares
Authors: Klep Igor , Schweighofer Markus
Published: March 2013

Farkas' lemma is a fundamental result from linear programming providing linear certificates for infeasibility of systems of linear inequalities. In semidefinite programming, such linear certificates only exist for strongly infeasible linear matrix inequalities. We provide nonlinear algebraic certificates for all infeasible linear matrix inequalities in the spirit of real algebraic geometry: A linear matrix inequality [Formula: see text] is infeasible if and only if −1 lies in the quadratic module associated to A. We also present a new exact duality theory for semidefinite programming, motivated by the real radical and sums of squares certificates from real algebraic geometry.
Rethinking the public sphere: The constitutional state and the ACT group’s political aesthetics of affirmation in Armenia
Authors: Harutyunyan Angela
Published: March 2013

The notion of the public sphere, as elaborated in western European and Anglo-American academic discourses, has been largely associated with the emergence of liberalism and civil society. Even those theories that critique Jürgen Habermas’s notion of the public sphere for its
ignorance of the politics of exclusion and inclusion, nevertheless rely on the notion of the public sphere as an arena in which identity finds representation: the public sphere here is constituted as a battleground for recognition and representation of identities within the already established
structures of legitimization. Developed in radically different circumstances from those of western Europe and North America, in countries where state socialism prevailed, the notion of the public sphere calls for a different conception and identification with the state. By questioning the
notion and its conceptualization in a post-Soviet context, this article discusses the practices of the group ACT in Armenia in 1994–96 and the ways in which these practices construct a public sphere not by transgressive acts of refusal and criticality but through the affirmation of the
existing state. ACT’s practice calls for a different mechanism of identification of the public sphere with the state than that applied in western democracies. The article situates the discussion of artistic practices of the conceptual artist’s group ACT within the discourses of
the newly instituted state after the independence of 1991, in order to articulate a notion of the public sphere developed outside of the formation of the bourgeois notion of the public sphere in representative democracies in the former West.
English-language television news and the great Indian middle class: Made for each other?
Authors: Khorana Sukhmani
Published: March 2013

This article highlights the interdependence of the urban Indian middle class and English-language news television in terms of their particular mixing of neo-liberal commercial interests, a newfound lifestyle focus and an assertive nationalism that is largely insular. After a brief analysis
of a small sample of billboard advertisements for Indian news outlets in the context of the middle-class audience for news (and advertising), the article then focuses on mapping and identifying the particular values of the emerging Indian middle class and its media. For this, the article draws
on Pavan K. Varma’s polemical work on the emergence and failings of the post-liberalization middle class, on Leela Fernandes’ fieldwork and interviews with the media and advertisers, and also on Nalin Mehta’s research on India’s argumentative tradition as remade on
24-hour news television. Mostly, however, the methodological approach here is to deconstruct the news producers’ construction of the middle-class audience through industry interviews and print media commentary, and highlight how this diverges from real-life middle-class complexities
and further excludes the lower classes.
Criticalities of ICT implementation: The case of a family firm operating in the Italian health-care sector
Authors: Barresi Gustavo , Coppolino Raffaella , Marisca Carmelo
Published: March 2013

This article is based on a case study and aims to describe patterns of change in highly information and communication technology (ICT)-oriented family firms that operate in health-care sector. In particular, we ask how to manage organizational change due to ICT implementation. What
is the role of leaders in this organizational change? Theoretical insights for the analysis come from different contributions due to the literature of organizational studies and information systems. To answer to these questions, we will move away from the thought of ICT as a critical success
factor and focus on the evaluation of the dynamics that can lead to the achievement of organizational innovation. The findings are intended to provide family firms and small-medium health-care organizations with a cognitive framework for changing organizational behaviour through innovation.
Physical optics methods for laser and nonlinear optics simulations
Authors: Wester Rolf
Published: March 2013

The development of optical systems today is strongly supported by computer simulations. Computer ray tracing tools are well established in the field of geometrical optics for designing objectives, light channels, etc. Ray tracing is conceptually quite simple, which makes the implementation as well as the interpretation of ray tracing results easy, although the design of high-quality lens systems remains a challenging task. In the field of wave optics, there are software tools as well, but they are still not as mature as the ray tracing tools. The main reason for this is that numerically solving partial differential equations is numerically more complex and not as intuitive as ray tracing. Besides simple wave propagation, the main field of use of the wave optics methods today is the development of lasers and laser resonator and nonlinear optics. The optical properties of the media, in general, depend on the temperature and mechanical stresses. The interaction of the electromagnetic fields with matter, thus, has to self-consistently include thermomechanical computations.
New class of multiple weights and new weighted inequalities for multilinear operators
Authors: Bui The Anh
Published: March 2013

In this paper, we first introduce the new class of multiple weights

A

p
→

∞

${A^\infty _{\vec{p}}}$

which is larger than the class of multiple weights in [Adv. Math. 220 (2009), 1222–1264]. Then, using this class of weights, we study the weighted norm inequalities for certain classes of multilinear operators and their commutators with new BMO functions introduced in [J. Fourier Anal. Appl. 17 (2011), 115–134]. Finally, we show that some multilinear pseudodifferential operators fall within the scope of the theory obtained in this paper.
Fractionation and characterization of lignin-carbohydrate complexes (LCCs) of Eucalyptus globulus in residues left after MWL isolation. Part II: Analyses of xylan-lignin fraction (X-L)
Authors: Miyagawa Yasuyuki , Kamitakahara Hiroshi , Takano Toshiyuki
Published: March 2013

The residual wood meal left after milled wood lignin (MWL) isolation [milled wood residue (MWR)] of 5-year-old Eucalyptus globulus was fractionated to afford a xylan-lignin fraction (X-L) in 2.9% yield (based on MWR) by the method reported previously. X-L was further fractionated with the lignin solvent 1,4-dioxane/water (9:1, v/v) to give a soluble fraction (XL-F1; 24.0%) and an insoluble fraction (XL-F1-residue; 74.6%; both yields based on X-L). XL-F1-residue was further extracted with the good xylan solvent dimethyl sulfoxide and the soluble fraction was termed XL-F2 (43.0%; based on the XL-F1-residue). XL-F1 was mainly composed of lignin with a small amount of xylan and it is similar to purified MWL, whereas XL-F2 was mainly composed of xylan with some amount of lignin and it is similar to a fraction that was prepared by the extraction of crude MWL with acetic acid [lignin-carbohydrate complex (LCC)-AcOH]. The two-dimensional heteronuclear single quantum coherence nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of XL-F1 and XL-F2 were interpreted that the former has α-ether-type lignin-carbohydrate (LC) linkages and the latter might have LC linkages of the phenyl glycoside type, which are different from those in LCC-AcOH.
Parental beliefs and parenting characteristics of Chinese parents experiencing economic disadvantage in Hong Kong
Authors: Leung Janet T.Y. , Shek Daniel T.L.
Published: March 2013

Based on the responses of 550 Chinese parents experiencing economic disadvantage in Hong Kong, the relationships between parental beliefs (including Chinese cultural beliefs on adversity, attribution of children’s success and failure to effort, and expectations of children’s future) and parenting characteristics (indexed by parenting styles and parental control) were examined in this study. More positive parental child-specific beliefs, particularly parental expectations on children’s future, were found to be associated with more positive parenting styles and stronger parental control in both paternal and maternal samples. The theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.
From within and without: the virtual and the plurilingual in ELF
Authors: Hülmbauer Cornelia
Published: March 2013

This article explores the shifts of form and meaning involved in the use of unconventional language in English as a lingua franca (ELF). Assuming that ELF speakers as intercultural communicators are less inhibited by standardising forces than speakers in a primary lingua-cultural environment, it points to the fact that “virtual” resources, i.e., latent linguistic possibilities within English beneath the surface of the encoded, play a crucial role in the lingua franca mode. Since ELF emerges in multilingual contexts and can itself be considered a multilingual mode, the virtuality aspect is claimed to interact with elements from without English, namely plurilingual resources from the speakers’ first or other language backgrounds. While the discussion of virtual resources has thus far mainly been focused on morphological flexibility, in this article their interconnection with the plurilingual aspect of ELF is shown to also affect the dimension of meaning. It is thus argued that a valid semiotic framework of ELF needs expansion both on the morphological and on the pragmatic levels. Such an expansion acknowledges virtual and plurilingual aspects as integral parts of the lingua franca and eventually nullifies the initial distinction between influences from within and from without.
Is 5-methyltetrahydrofolate an alternative to folic acid for the prevention of neural tube defects?
Authors: Obeid Rima , Holzgreve Wolfgang , Pietrzik Klaus
Published: March 2013

Women have higher requirements for folate during pregnancy. An optimal folate status must be achieved before conception and in the first trimester when the neural tube closes. Low maternal folate status is causally related to neural tube defects (NTDs). Many NTDs can be prevented by increasing maternal folate intake in the preconceptional period. Dietary folate is protective, but recommending increasing folate intake is ineffective on a population level particularly during periods of high demands. This is because the recommendations are often not followed or because the bioavailability of food folate is variable. Supplemental folate [folic acid (FA) or 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-methylTHF)] can effectively increase folate concentrations to the level that is considered to be protective. FA is a synthetic compound that has no biological functions unless it is reduced to dihydrofolate and tetrahydrofolate. Unmetabolized FA appears in the circulation at doses of >200 μg. Individuals show wide variations in their ability to reduce FA. Carriers of certain polymorphisms in genes related to folate metabolism or absorption can better benefit from 5-methylTHF instead of FA. 5-MethylTHF [also known as (6S)-5-methylTHF] is the predominant natural form that is readily available for transport and metabolism. In contrast to FA, 5-methylTHF has no tolerable upper intake level and does not mask vitamin B12 deficiency. Supplementation of the natural form, 5-methylTHF, is a better alternative to supplementation of FA, especially in countries not applying a fortification program. Supplemental 5-methylTHF can effectively improve folate biomarkers in young women in early pregnancy in order to prevent NTDs.
ImageNets — Framework for Fast Development of Robust and High Performance Image Processing Algorithms
Authors: Lange Uwe , Kampe Henning , Gräser Axel
Published: March 2013

In this publication, we describe the novel ImageNets framework which enables developers with low programming knowledge to rapidly create efficient high performance image processing algorithms and which is available under an open source license. The performance of this novel tool has been compared with the simple to use Image Processing Toolbox of MATLAB/Simulink. A group of 49 students, attendees of a robot vision lecture, had to solve an image processing task using both tools. Different evaluation criteria have been measured or determined by interrogation of the students. The advantage of the new tool ImageNets has become clearly visible.
Zur physikalischen und datengetriebenen Modellbildung von Systemen mit Reibung: Methoden und Anwendung auf Kfz-Drosselklappen
Authors: Ren Zhenxing , Kroll Andreas , Sofsky Manfred
Published: March 2013

Dynamische Modelle sind die Grundlage für verschiedenste Analyse- und Entwurfsaufgaben. Die Modellbildung von Systemen mit signifikanten Reibeffekten stellt eine schwierige Aufgabe dar. Dazu werden im vorliegenden Beitrag Verfahren zur physikalischen und datengetriebenen Modellbildung vorgestellt und am Beispiel von Drosselklappen an Diesel-Motoren angewendet. Die Modelle werden in der HiL-Simulation für Tests von Motorsteuergeräten eingesetzt.
Effects of Daily Iron Supplementation in 2- to 5-Year-Old Children: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Thompson Jane , Biggs Beverley-Ann , Pasricha Sant-Rayn
Published: March 2013

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Iron deficiency (ID) is the most common cause of anemia worldwide. The prevalence is highest among preschool-aged children. Iron is widely administered to children with or at risk for ID, but evidence of benefit among 2- to 5-year-old children has not been evaluated by systematic review. We summarize the evidence for the benefit and safety of daily iron supplementation with regard to hematologic, growth, and cognitive parameters in 2 to 5 year olds.

METHODS:

Electronic databases, regional databases, thesis repositories, gray literature, and references of studies and previous reviews were searched. We included randomized controlled trials that compared daily oral iron supplementation with control in 2 to 5 year olds. A random-effects meta-analysis was used to synthesize predefined outcomes reported by at least 2 studies.

RESULTS:

Of 9169 references, 15 studies met the inclusion criteria, none of which were at low risk of bias. Children receiving iron supplementation had a mean end point hemoglobin of 6.97 g/L (P < .00001; I2 = 82%) greater than controls, whereas mean end point ferritin was 11.64 µg/L (P < .0001; I2 = 48%) greater. No trials reported the effects of iron supplementation on ID or iron deficiency anemia, and only one reported on anemia. Limited evidence suggested that iron supplementation produced a small improvement in cognitive development but had no effect on physical growth.

CONCLUSIONS:

In 2 to 5 year olds, daily iron supplementation increases hemoglobin and ferritin. There is a concerning lack of data on the effect of iron supplementation on clinically important outcomes including anemia, ID anemia, ID, and cognitive development. Additional interventional studies in this age group are needed.
Pancreatic metastases. Report of four cases and literature review
Authors: Puskás Tamás , Kovács László , Henits Imre
Published: March 2013

The authors present the history of 4 patients with pancreatic metastases revealed by CT and MR during the last 2 years. In 2 patients panceratic metastases developed more than 10 years after the primary renal neoplasm was diagnosed. In the other two patients (one with non small cell lung cancer and one with non-Hodgkin disease) pancreatic metastases developed shortly after the diagnosis of the primary malignancy. According to literature data metastases in the pancreas are rare. The authors conclude that the symptoms and imaging features of pancreatic metastases are variable and, therefore, non-invasive imaging diagnosis is difficult. To resolve this problem a thorough scrutiny of the medical history of the patients and functional imaging methods may be helpful. Orv. Hetil., 2013, 154, 426–430.
Photoluminescence variation in InAs Quantum dots embedded in InGaAs/AlGaAs Quantum wells at thermal annealing
Authors: Moreno I. J. Guerrero , Polupan G. , Espinola J.L. Casas
Published: March 2013

Papers in the Appendix were published in electronic format as Volume 1534
Nanoscale Structuration of Semiconductor Surface Induced by Cavitation Impact
Authors: Kryshtab Tetyana G. , Savkina Rada K. , Smirnov Alexey B.
Published: March 2013

Papers in the Appendix were published in electronic format as Volume 1534
Design and Characterization of Nanostructured Biomaterials via the Self-assembly of Lipids
Authors: Ludford Paul , Aydin Fikret , Dutt Meenakshi
Published: March 2013

We are interested in designing nanostructured biomaterials using nanoscopic building blocks such as functionalized nanotubes and lipid molecules. In our earlier work, we summarized the multiple control parameters which direct the equilibrium morphology of a specific class of nanostructured biomaterials. Individual lipid molecules were composed of a hydrophilic head group and two hydrophobic tails. A bare nanotube encompassed an ABA architecture, with a hydrophobic shaft (B) and two hydrophilic ends (A). We introduced hydrophilic hairs at one end of the tube to enable selective transport through the channel. The dimensions of the nanotube were set to minimize its hydrophobic mismatch with the lipid bilayer. We used a Molecular Dynamics-based mesoscopic simulation technique called Dissipative Particle Dynamics which simultaneously resolves the structure and dynamics of the nanoscopic building blocks and the hybrid aggregate. The amphiphilic lipids and functionalized nanotubes self-assembled into a stable hybrid vesicle or a bicelle in the presence of a hydrophilic solvent. We showed that the morphology of the hybrid structures was directed by factors such as the temperature, the rigidity of the lipid molecules, and the concentration of the nanotubes. Another type of hybrid nanostructured biomaterial could be multi-component lipid bilayers. In this paper, we present approaches to design hybrid nanostructured materials using multiple lipid species with different chemistries and molecular chain stiffness.
The discursive self-construction of suicidal help seekers in computer-mediated discourse
Authors: Kupferberg Irit , Gilat Izhak
Published: March 2013

The study focuses on the discursive self-construction of suicidal help seekers in an open computer-mediated forum for mental help. Our theoretical framework is inspired by a functionalist approach to discourse, which emphasizes that language resources are selfdisplaying. It also espouses discursive psychology, which prioritizes the study of psychological and social phenomena in discursive processes. In addition, we adopt the Four World Approach to the analysis of positioning. Qualitative and quantitative analyses show that the density of ‘irrealis’ (i.e. negation, future and wishes) units and figurative forms was significantly higher in the suicidal messages compared with the messages of other troubled selves, who produced more ‘realis’ units (i.e. specific and generic stories) and information questions. We interpret these findings as showing that in their attempt to conceptualize conflict and pain, suicidal help-seekers shied away from the narration of past experience and focused instead on the construction of death. The other troubled help seekers used realis units and questions in order to describe their experience to guarantee that help would be provided.
Análise da adaptabilidade e estabilidade de produção em ensaios regionais de feijoeiro para o Estado de São Paulo
Authors: Silva Guilherme Augusto Peres , Chiorato Alisson Fernando , Gonçalves João Guilherme Ribeiro , Perina Eliana Francischinelli , Carbonell Sérgio Augusto Morais
Published: March 2013

O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar genótipos, superiores em produtividade, adaptabilidade e estabilidade, na produção de grãos de feijoeiro, por meio da análise Lin & Binns (1988), modificada por Carneiro (1998). Foram avaliados vinte e dois genótipos pertencentes aos principais programas de melhoramento do país. Essas avaliações constaram de dados dos ensaios de VCU 2007/2008/2009 para o Estado de São Paulo, que seguiram as normas estabelecidas pelo MAPA/SNPC, para ensaios de campo. Estes ensaios foram instalados em vinte e quatro ambientes, nas épocas das águas de 2007 e 2008, seca de 2008 e 2009 e inverno de 2008 e 2009. Os resultados obtidos no conjunto dos anos e ambientes de 2007/2008/2009 demonstraram que os genótipos 'Gen C2-1-3', 'CNFC 10408', 'Juriti Claro' e 'LP 04-72' comportaram-se como os mais estáveis e adaptados. O método Lin & Binns (1988), modificado por Carneiro (1998), mostrou-se adequado para análise dos dados, identificando os genótipos mais estáveis, produtivos e adaptados aos ambientes de cultivo.
Substratos alternativos e métodos de quebra de dormência para produção de mudas de canafístula
Authors: Dutra Tiago Reis , Massad Marília Dutra , Sarmento Mateus Felipe Quintino , Oliveira Jéssica Costa de
Published: March 2013

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes métodos de quebra de dormência e o uso do bagaço de cana para composição de substratos alternativos, constituídos a partir da mistura de um substrato comercial, na produção de mudas de canafístula (Peltophorum dubium (Sprengel) Taubert). O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento de blocos casualizados, no esquema fatorial 5 x 4, sendo cinco substratos, Bioplant®; 75% Bioplant® + 25% Bagaço de cana (75B+25BC); 50% Bioplant® + 50% Bagaço de cana (50B+50BC); 25% Bioplant® + 75% Bagaço de cana (25B+75BC); Bagaço de cana (100%), e quatro métodos de quebra de dormência (testemunha, escarificação com o uso de lixa, imersão em água quente e escarificação com ácido sulfúrico) com três repetições. Foram avaliados o índice de velocidade de emergência (IVE); o tempo médio de emergência (TME); a percentagem de germinação; a altura da parte aérea; o diâmetro do coleto; a massa seca da parte aérea; a massa seca de raiz; a massa seca total; a relação altura da parte aérea/diâmetro do coleto; a relação altura da parte aérea/massa seca da parte aérea; o índice de qualidade de Dickson; a taxa de crescimento absoluto e a taxa de crescimento relativo. Os tratamentos de imersão em água quente e de escarificação com ácido sulfúrico foram responsáveis pelos maiores percentuais de emergência e IVE, além dos de menor TME. O uso do bagaço de cana mostrou-se tecnicamente viável na composição dos substratos 75B+25BC e 50B+50BC, que, juntamente ao Bioplant®, proporcionaram as maiores taxas de crescimento e os maiores índices de qualidade das mudas de canafístula.
Gerenciamento de doença crônica: equívoco para o grupo etário dos idosos
Authors: Veras Renato Peixoto
Published: March 2013

Alterações nos estilos de vida (mudanças dos hábitos alimentares, aumento do sedentarismo e estresse) e maior expectativa de vida aumentam a incidência das doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, principais causas de óbito e incapacidade no Brasil. Sua gestão passou a ser considerada importante pelos gestores na busca de intervenções e estratégias para reduzir custos, diminuir hospitalizações e combater agravos. Mas a maior parte dos programas de atendimento foca exclusivamente na doença, e isso é um erro. Modelos que funcionem de modo integrado e deem conta das necessidades dos pacientes serão mais efetivos. O objetivo deste artigo foi contribuir para a discussão de políticas e estratégias que permitam a indução de modelos de atenção ao idoso com ênfase em projetos preventivos e resolutivos.
Teatro na educação de crianças e adolescentes participantes de ensaio clínico
Authors: Gazzinelli Maria Flávia , Souza Vânia de , Araújo Lucas Henrique Lobato de , Costa Relbson de Matos , Soares Amanda Nathale , Maia Cláudia Peres Costa
Published: March 2013

OBJETIVO: Analisar os efeitos de uma intervenção pedagógica na aprendizagem de crianças e adolescentes participantes de pesquisa clínica. MÉTODOS: Estudo quantitativo, quasi-experimental e longitudinal, parte de um conjunto de estudos envolvidos no teste de uma vacina contra ancilostomíase. Amostra por conveniência com 133 estudantes de dez a 17 anos, de ambos os sexos, da Escola Municipal de Maranhão, MG, Brasil, 2009. Utilizou-se um questionário estruturado aplicado pré e pós-intervenção. O dispositivo pedagógico foi o Teatro do Oprimido. As variáveis dependentes foram o conhecimento específico e global sobre pesquisa clínica e sobre verminoses; a variável independente foi a participação na intervenção educativa. RESULTADOS: Houve aumento do conhecimento sobre sinais e sintomas, susceptibilidade à reinfecção e modo de contágio da verminose após a intervenção educativa. Aumentaram acertos relativos à duração da pesquisa clínica, aos procedimentos previstos, à possibilidade de desistência da participação e de ocorrência de eventos adversos. Permaneceu a noção de que o propósito primário da pesquisa é terapêutico, embora tenha reduzido o percentual de participantes que associaram a pesquisa ao tratamento médico. O Teatro do Oprimido possibilitou que as discussões acerca da helmintose e da pesquisa clínica fossem contextualizadas e materializadas. Os sujeitos puderam se despojar ou reduzir suas representações prévias. CONCLUSÕES: A participação de crianças e adolescentes em ensaios clínicos deve ser precedida de intervenção educativa, já que indivíduos dessa faixa etária nem sequer reconhecem que têm direito a decidir por si próprios.
Idosos com e sem plano de saúde e características socioepidemiológicas associadas
Authors: Hernandes Elizabeth S. C. , Lebrão Maria Lúcia , Duarte Yeda A. O. , Santos Jair L. Ferreira
Published: March 2013

OBJETIVO: Analisar fatores epidemiológicos e sociodemográficos associados à saúde de idosos com ou sem plano de saúde. MÉTODOS: Foram realizadas entrevistas com 2.143 pessoas de 60 anos e mais, no município de São Paulo, em 2000 e 2006. A variável dependente, dicotômica, foi ter ou não plano de saúde. As variáveis independentes abrangeram características sociodemográficas e de condição de saúde. Foram descritas as proporções encontradas para as variáveis analisadas e desenvolvido modelo de regressão logística que considerou significantes as variáveis com p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: Houve diferenças, favoráveis aos titulares de planos, para renda e escolaridade. O grupo sem planos privados realizou menos prevenção contra neoplasias e mais contra doenças respiratórias; esperou mais para ter acesso a consultas de saúde; realizou menos exames pós-consulta; referiu menor número de doenças; teve maior proporção de avaliação negativa da própria saúde e relatou mais episódios de queda. Os titulares de planos relataram menor adesão à vacinação e, dentre os que foram internados, 11,1% em 2000 e 17,9% em 2006 tiveram esse procedimento custeado pelo Sistema Único de Saúde. A única doença associada à condição de titular de plano privado foi a osteoporose. CONCLUSÕES: Há diferenças representadas pela renda e pela escolaridade favoráveis aos titulares de planos e seguros privados, as quais estão relacionadas com o uso de serviços e com os determinantes sociais de saúde.
Nitrogênio proveniente da adubação nitrogenada e de resíduos culturais na nutrição da cana-planta
Authors: Vitti André Cesar , Franco Henrique Coutinho Junqueira , Trivelin Paulo Cesar Ocheuze , Ferreira Danilo Alves , Otto Rafael , Fortes Caio , Faroni Carlos Eduardo
Published: March 2013

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a recuperação, pela cana-planta, do nitrogênio (15N) proveniente da ureia e de resíduos culturais da palhada e do sistema radicular da cultura da cana (Saccharum spp.) incorporados ao solo. O experimento foi instalado na safra de 2005/2006, com a cultivar SP81-3250. No plantio, foram instaladas microparcelas de 1,5x2 m, em que aplicaram-se doses equivalentes a 80 kg ha-1 de N (ureia com 5,05% de 15N) e 14 Mg ha-1 de resíduos culturais, dos quais 9 Mg ha-1 de palhada (PA) e 5 Mg ha-1 de sistema radicular (SR), marcados com 15N (1,07 e 0,81% de 15N, respectivamente). Durante o ciclo da cultura, determinou-se o acúmulo total de N da planta. Embora o aproveitamento do N oriundo da mineralização dos resíduos culturais (PA e SR) pela parte aérea tenha aumentado expressivamente com o tempo, esta fonte pouco contribuiu para a nutrição da cultura. A recuperação pela cana-planta de 15N-ureia, 15N-PA e 15N-SR foi de 30,3±3,7%, 13,9±4,5% e 6,4±0,9% respectivamente, o que representa 15,9, 4,7 e 1,4% do nitrogênio total acumulado pela parte aérea da cultura.
Prokaryotic expression of a truncated form of bovine herpesvirus 1 glycoprotein E (gE) and its use in an ELISA for gE antibodies
Authors: Oliveira Stephan A.M. , Brum Mário Celso S. , Anziliero Deniz , Dellagostin Odir , Weiblen Rudi , Flores Eduardo F.
Published: March 2013

This article describes the expression of a truncated form of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) glycoprotein E (gE) for use as immunodiagnostic reagent. A 651 nucleotide fragment corresponding to the amino-terminal third (217 amino acids) of BoHV-1 gE - that shares a high identity with the homologous BoHV-5 counterpart - was cloned as a 6×His-tag fusion protein in an Escherichia coli expression vector. A soluble protein of approximately 25 kDa purified from lysates of transformed E. coli was recognized in Western blot (WB) by anti-6xHis-tag and anti-BoHV-1 gE monoclonal antibodies. In addition, the recombinant protein was specifically recognized in WB by antibodies present in the sera of cattle seropositive to BoHV-1 and BoHV-5. An indirect ELISA using the expressed protein as coating antigen performed comparably to a commercial anti-gE ELISA and was able to differentiate serologically calves vaccinated with a gE-deleted BoHV-5 strain from calves infected with BoHV-1. Thus, the truncated gE may be useful for serological tests designed to differentiate BoHV-1/BoHV-5 infected animals from those vaccinated with gE-negative marker vaccines.
Determination of acrolein, ethanol, volatile acidity, and copper in different samples of sugarcane spirits
Authors: Masson José , Cardoso Maria das Graças , Zacaroni Lidiany Mendonça , Anjos Jeancarlo Pereira dos , Sackz Adelir Aparecida , Machado Ana Maria de Resende , Nelson David Lee
Published: March 2013

Seventy-one samples of sugarcane spirits from small and average size stills produced in the northern and southern Minas Gerais (Brazil) were analyzed for acrolein using HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography). Ethanol and copper concentrations and volatile acidity were also determined according to methods established by the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply (MAPA). A total of 9.85% of the samples tested showed levels of acrolein above the legal limits, while the copper concentrations of 21.00% of the samples and the volatile acidity of 8.85% of the samples were higher than the limits established by the Brazilian legislation. The concentration of acrolein varied from 0 to 21.97 mg.100 mL-1 of ethanol. However, no significant difference at 5% of significance was observed between the samples produced in the northern and southern Minas Gerais. The method used for determination of acrolein in sugarcane spirits involved the formation of a derivative with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (2,4-DNPH) and subsequent analysis by HPLC.
Postharvest technologies for mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) conservation
Authors: Castro Maria Fernanda Pontes Penteado Moretzsohn de , Anjos Valéria Delgado de Almeida , Rezende Ana Carolina Bortolossi , Benato Eliane Aparecida , Valentini Silvia Regina de Toledo
Published: March 2013

The application of technologies to extend the postharvest life of mangosteen fruit was studied and compared to storage at 25 °C/70-75%R.H (25 °C control treatment). The fruits were packed in expanded polystyrene (EPS) trays (5 fruits/tray). Five treatments were carried out at 13 °C/ 90-95% RH: application of carnauba wax coating, lecithin + CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose) coating, 50 µm LDPE (low density polyethylene) film coating, 13 µm PVC (Polyvinyl chloride), and non-coated sample (13 °C control treatment). Physicochemical analyses were performed twice a week. A statistical design was completely randomized with 8 repetitions for each treatment plus the control treatment. The results were submitted to variance analysis, and the averages compared by the Tukey test at 5% probability. Among the quality parameters analyzed, more significant differences were observed for weight loss, texture, and peel moisture content. The results showed that the maximum storage period for mangosteen at 25 °C is two weeks; while storage at13 °C can guarantee the conservation of this fruit for 25 days. Therefore, the treatment at 13 °C/90-95% RH without the use of coatings and films was more effective and economical.
Conservation of Williams pear using edible coating with alginate and carrageenan
Authors: Moraes Kessiane Silva de , Fagundes Cristiane , Melo Maria Carolina , Andreani Pamela , Monteiro Alcilene Rodriguez
Published: March 2013

The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical and chemical parameters of Williams pear, stored at 25 ºC for 15 days, with and without edible coating. Edible coatings prepared with alginate 2% and carrageenan 0.5% were tested. The analyses carried out on the samples were: weight loss, pH, soluble solids, firmness, and color. The edible coatings were characterized in terms of mechanical properties, permeability, thickness, and opacity. The results show that the application of edible coatings with carrageenan and alginate in pears influenced physical and chemical characteristics such as weight loss, pH, total soluble solids, color, and firmness of the fruit. However, the alginate coating showed the best results on pear conservation since it had lower water vapor permeability and greater tensile strength, and therefore it can be used as a protective film on these fruits.