bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A jornada da Drag Queen a partir da Mitologia do Herói de Campbell
Authors: Oliveira Filho Arthur de , Miranda Ana Paula Celso de , Waechter Hans da Nóbrega
Published: March 2022

Esse estudo analisa o processo de construção da Drag Queen que tem como característica principal a performance do feminino exagerado em apresentações de entretenimento. O ponto de partida está em entender como acontece o nascimento de uma Drag e quais dinâmicas de consumo são envolvidas na criação da persona. O principal objetivo desse estudo é entender como acontece o processo de construção estética desse sujeito contribuindo com o entendimento da moda enquanto instrumento de transformação. Foram realizadas 20 entrevistas com pessoas que já tinham passado pelo processo de produção (montagem) de suas Drags. Para a análise das entrevistas foi utilizada a técnica de história de vida, para compreender as inspirações, restrições, aprendizados, relações com a sociedade e negociações com o eu nesta dinâmica de consumo. Nos achados de pesquisa, identificamos, a partir da análise do discurso das narrativas das Drag Queens uma possibilidade de diálogo teórico com a Jornada do Herói de Campbell, quando para cada etapa da transformação da pessoa comum em Drag Queen, encontramos as mesmas etapas relacionadas por Campbell para transformação do herói mitológico. No primeiro caso, são etapas que leva o herói do mundo comum para o extraordinário, e na Jornada da Drag Queen, da vida cotidiana para o mundo Drag onde a construção estética possibilita o nascimento desta heroína Drag que busca seu autoconhecimento e auto aprimoramento para conquistar a liberdade de ser para si e para o outro.
Vestígios memoriais como forma de agregar valor à moda produzida em brechós: um estudo do brechó Bendita Traça
Authors: Waismann Moisés , Pontin Priscila Kieling
Published: March 2022

Como a reutilização dos vestígios memoriais pode contribuir para agregar valor à moda produzida por brechós? É a partir dessa pergunta que se pretende verificar de que modo conceitos da área da memória social, tais como os vestígios memoriais, podem ser positivos para revelar o valor dos produtos e do negócio. O presente texto, com base em teorias da memória social, lança um olhar sobre a área da moda, a partir dos “vestígios memoriais”, visando identificar a contribuição do brechó no âmbito da economia circular. Esse estudo não pretende se ater aos mesmos estabelecimentos voltados à economia solidária, ou seja, a venda de peças de segunda mão a comunidades mais carentes. O objetivo e intuito da presente pesquisa bibliográfica é, a partir da revisão conceitual proposta, embasar os conhecimentos sobre os temas de memória social, moda e memória, vestígios memoriais, entre outros relacionados, a fim de trazer uma posterior reflexão sobre eles dentro do aspecto de valorização dos produtos oferecidos em um brechó. Sendo assim também pretendesse verificar de que modo esses conceitos da área da memória social, podem ser positivos para revelar o valor dos produtos e do negócio. Para isso, foi proposto o desenvolvimento de um produto, chamado diagnóstico de comunicação. A ferramenta proposta é embasada nos estudos e prática de Relações Públicas.
Experiência e valor percebido pelos seguidores de marcas de moda no Instagram
Authors: Lima Paula Elisa Hubner Duarte
Published: March 2022

Este estudo tem como objetivo investigar a natureza da experiência dos seguidores de marcas de moda no Instagram. Para isso, empreendeu-se um levantamento bibliográfico sobre o Instagram, consumo e valor do consumidor. Optou-se por uma abordagem qualitiva, cujo método fora entrevistas em profundidade com 21 sujeitos. Fundamentada pela axiologia de Holbrook (1999), a investigação constatou que o valor percebido pelos seguidores de marcas de moda nessa rede social on-line é multidimensional, auto-orientado, hedônico, utilitário e pode ser discricionado em oito tipos: epistêmico, eficiência, excelência,estima, status, entretenimento, estética e ética. Observou-se que os tipos de valor sempre aparecem inter-relacionados e são muito relevantes para a percepção positiva das marcas pelos seus seguidores.
Bailarinas negras: cores do balé e as transformações no vestuário
Authors: Frajuca Cheyenne , Menezes Marizilda dos Santos
Published: March 2022

O presente estudo de caráter exploratório tem o objetivo de identificar as mazelas raciais deixadas pelo apego às tradições retrógradas no vestuário de balé. Abordando a problemática das cores na vestimenta do balé e as concepções acerca do que é considerado “nude” ou “cor da pele”, a pesquisa se baseia de forma qualitativa em conceitos de representatividade negra, história do balé e elementos do design de moda, a partir de estudos acadêmicos e pesquisa de mercado. Os resultados apresentam a excludente realidade que bailarinas negras vivem dentro do balé, e de que forma as empresas de dança e da área têxtil estão lidando com essas questões atualmente.
Tecidos africanos e africanizados nos candomblés paulistas
Authors: Okasaki Aymê
Published: March 2022

Os tecidos vindos da África são fundamentais para pensar a estética dos candomblés paulistas, pois suas trajetórias históricas demonstram uma complexa trama cultural que questiona a noção de origem pura, sem deixarem de ser utilizados como símbolos de identidades culturais africanas e afro-brasileiras. Este trabalho analisa a motivação douso de tecidos específicos vindos do continente africano pelos candomblés paulistas. O objetivo é relatar essa história e discutir, desde o continente africano até a atualidade, as presenças do tecido Așǫ Oke, produzido pelos yorùbá; do tecido estampado industrialmente Wax Print; e das rendas industriais nigerianas-austríacas. Buscou-se identificar a presença desses têxteis em imagens do século XX e em terreiros de São Paulo, para a análise no contemporâneo. Descobriu-se processos distintos que motivaram esse uso: o Wax Print ganhou uma carga de conexão com o que se veste no continente africano atualmente. Já o Așǫ Oke se relaciona com a ideia de tradição, enquanto o consumo das rendas importadas da Nigéria mescla uma alusão à indumentária das negras crioulas com a importação contemporânea de tecidos industrializados que passam pelo continente africano. A maior dificuldade da pesquisa foi encontrar as confluências de narrativas dos produtores dos tecidos, revendedores e usuários; além da escassez de pesquisadores brasileiros que se dedicaram ao tema. Por fim, a importância desta pesquisa reside em uma nova análisedesses têxteis no contexto cultural, social, artístico e religioso dos candomblés paulistas, que os denota como parte indissociável da estética que compõe o ethos do povo de axé.
Lifehacking e Biohacking tendências impulsionadas pela pandemia de covid-19 e a moda
Authors: Sena Taisa Vieira
Published: March 2022

A pesquisa de tendências que, mostra-se mais relevante na atualidade, diz respeito a observações e ponderações acerca da sociedade consumidora, principalmente, nos novos núcleos e nichos de consumo. Diferentes autores afirmam que profissionais da pesquisa prospectiva mapeiam diversas áreas de predomínio atualmente em cena e avaliam suas principais implicações para o futuro. As pesquisas de tendências observam o comportamento das pessoas e o contexto em que ele acontece. Embora já estivessem ganhando cada vez mais espaço e interesse das pessoas, a busca por conteúdos ligados ao lifekacking e ao biohacking se ampliou de forma significativa durante a pandemia de Covid-19.Neste sentido a pesquisa busca analisar como este momento e contexto específico puderam impulsionar estas tendências de comportamento e refletir sobre possíveis impactos sobre a moda.
A experiência compartilhada e a pesquisa participante na fotografia de moda
Authors: Coimbra Vanilson Luis de Melo
Published: March 2022

O presente artigo visa descrever um conjunto de encontros fotográficos realizados entre 2013 e 2021, nos formatos presenciais e on-line, sobre narrativas fotográficas de moda. Entende-se que o editorial de moda é uma narrativa fotográfica que codifica um tema de moda e o aproxima do público. Usa-se como metodologia uma investigação de caráter descritivo e exploratório, do tipo bibliográfico, e uma pesquisa participante com base nos estudos de casos. O propósito principal é compreender de que maneira o artista encontra a sua própria singularidade na experiência fotográfica compartilhada. Joan Fontcuberta (2010), Nicolas Bourriaud (2009) e Berger (2017) são alguns dos autores estudados e que possuem interesse na experiência compartilhada como complemento da obra artística. É possível que o artista exponha uma troca transitiva entre si, o fotografado e o espectador e considera-se que não se pode encurtar o diálogo entre o artista e o espectador sem aferir uma infinidade de outras negociações, que ocorrem durante o processo criativo. A experiência fotográfica coletiva com potencial de fazer o espectador participar da narrativa passa pelo binômio da troca.
Call for rethinking on fashion design education in the era of post-pandemic: insights from Turkey
Authors: Özüdoğru Şakir
Published: March 2022

In this study, the benefits and challenges of remote education in textile and fashion design are examined. The case of the study is Department of Textile and Fashion Design, Faculty of Architecture and Design in Eskişehir Technical University, Turkey. The data is collated through many assessment meetings with academics, students, and top management held during and after the pandemic, as well as personal experiences as a manager and faculty member, plus varied unstructured interviews with academicians, undergraduates, management, and other employees. The meeting and interview notes were transcribed and analyzed by descriptive analyses. As the result, critical insights from various aspects and a SWOT analysis of remote education activities performed during the pandemic are provided.
Remodelando colaborações: cruzando fronteiras durante a pandemia
Authors: Root Regina , Saunders Stephanie , Garcia Maria Carolina
Published: March 2022

Em resposta à pandemia de COVID-19 em 2020, quando notícias de quarentenas, fechamentos e isolamento social mandatórios explodiram, os organizadores da décima edição do congresso Ixel Moda, em Cartagena, Colômbia, decidiram coletivamente desenvolver conteúdo para um encontro virtual 3D sem precedentes, de cinco dias de duração, que juntaria artesãos, designers, chefs, acadêmicos e outros criadores. O evento proveria o cenário de trocas em muitos âmbitos da cultura – comida, música, cinema, moda, política, mostras de museus, performance, artes decorativas, sustentabilidade, turismo e publicidade – no meio de um período difícil. Este artigo explora como Ixel Online 2020 tornou-se uma vitrina para as artes criativas, incluindo as vozes de organizadores culturais, e propõe o evento como modelo para um diálogo internacional crescente diante de uma crise global.
Effects of Bi2Te3(111) and Al2O3(0001) substrates on electronic and topological properties of Bi(111) bilayer
Authors: Sun Hai-Ming ,   School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
Published: March 2022

The bilayer and thin films of Bi(111) have demonstrated novel topological properties. Here, we investigate the electronic structures of Bi/Bi2Te3(111) and Bi/Al2O3(0001) by combining first-principles and tight-binding approximation calculations. Our results show that the Bi(111) bilayer is a semiconductor with a gap of about 0.2 eV. Its electronic states are strongly disturbed by the interaction with Bi2Te3(111) thin films, no matter whether the substrate has a band gap or Dirac surface state. Moreover, it is hard to see Rashba-type band splittings in such systems. In contrast, it demonstrates clean and giant Rashba-type splittings as strongly hybridized with insulating Al2O3(0001), which is due to the broken inversion symmetry induced by interfacing and the strong atomic spin-orbit coupling in Bi. Our tight-binding approximation analyses further reveal that the effect of substrate Al2O3(0001) on the band structure of the Bi(111) bilayer is equivalent to the action of external electric field in a range between 0.5 and 0.6 V/Å. Moreover, we find that the strong hybridization between Bi(111) bilayer and the electronic state of the substrate Bi2Te3(111) can lead to a topological phase transition, i.e. the change from a two-dimensional topological insulator into a mediocre insulator. Our study thus provides an insight into the interface-engineering of electronic states of Bi(111) bilayer.
Active Inference
Authors: Parr Thomas , Pezzulo Giovanni , Friston Karl J.
Published: March 2022

The first comprehensive treatment of active inference, an integrative perspective on brain, cognition, and behavior used across multiple disciplines.

Active inference is a way of understanding sentient behavior—a theory that characterizes perception, planning, and action in terms of probabilistic inference. Developed by theoretical neuroscientist Karl Friston over years of groundbreaking research, active inference provides an integrated perspective on brain, cognition, and behavior that is increasingly used across multiple disciplines including neuroscience, psychology, and philosophy. Active inference puts the action into perception. This book offers the first comprehensive treatment of active inference, covering theory, applications, and cognitive domains.

Active inference is a “first principles” approach to understanding behavior and the brain, framed in terms of a single imperative to minimize free energy. The book emphasizes the implications of the free energy principle for understanding how the brain works. It first introduces active inference both conceptually and formally, contextualizing it within current theories of cognition. It then provides specific examples of computational models that use active inference to explain such cognitive phenomena as perception, attention, memory, and planning.
A Prospective Study Comparing 0.25% Bupivacaine and 0.375% Ropivacaine in Transversus Abdominis Plane Block for Postoperative Analgesia in Laparoscopic Abdominal Surgery
Authors: Rajan babu Nivethana , Mayilsamy Arun Prasad
Published: March 2022

Transversus abdominis plane block is a beneficial method of pain relief after abdominal surgeries. In the recent past, there had been an increased use of TAP block in laparoscopic surgeries, both as intraoperative and postoperative source of pain relief.

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare equipotent doses of two commonly used local anesthetic drugs with respect to efficacy and duration.

Methods: Sixty adults undergoing elective laparoscopic surgeries were randomised to receive ultrasound-guided TAP block at the end of the surgical procedure with either 0.25% bupivacaine (Group I, n = 30) or 0.375% ropivacaine (Group II, n = 30). And these patients were analysed based on the quality and duration of pain relief, 24 hour mean rescue analgesic consumption and complications.

Results: Patients receiving TAPB with ropivacaine and bupivacaine did not have significant differences between the two with respect to the parameters studied.

Conclusion: Equipotent doses of ropivacaine and bupivacaine were almost indistinguishable in TAP block and were comparable in terms of duration of analgesia, quality in terms of VAS scores and 24 hours analgesic consumption without any drug related or block related complications. Although both the drugs are in par with each other, bupivacaine carries the risk of cardiotoxicity as quoted in previous studies. Hence, ropivacaine may be considered as a better alternative to bupivacaine in TAP block.
Prevalence of Depression and Anxiety among Doctors Working in Emergency Units in Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia, 2021
Authors: Alhazmi Anas Eid , Alharbi Zainab
Published: March 2022

Background: Depression and anxiety are familiar for most people these days . Almost no one in this world is free from these “Anxiety” and “Depression”. Demanding profession has been associated with poor psychological health due to multiple factors such as overworking hours and night shifts.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of Depression and anxiety among doctors working in emergency units in Almadinah, 2021 and to correlate the level of Depression and anxiety according sociodemographic variations and work-related variation.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Al-Madinah city. All doctors who working in emergency department in governmental and private hospitals in Al-Madinah City during the study period was included. All doctors start working in emergency department less than two weeks and doctors who specialized other than Emergency Medicine were excluded.

Results: the score of depression level was normal in 46.5% of our participants, abnormal in 26.2% and borderline abnormal in 27.2%. The score of anxiety level was normal in 23.3% of our participants and borderline abnormal in 26.7% and was abnormal in 50.0%. There is significant correlation between anxiety and marital status, number of children, average monthly income, hospital type, position and specialty (P<0.05). There is significant correlation between anxiety and nationality, number of children, average monthly income, hospital type, position and specialty (P<0.05).

Conclusion: We have shown that ER physicians are at high risk of experiencing anxiety and depressive symptoms. There is significant correlation between anxiety and depression and number of children, average monthly income, hospital type, position and specialty.
Effect of Seaweed (Gracilaria edulis) Extract and Phosphorus on Growth and Economic of a Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.)
Authors: Sam Praveen Kumar S. , Singh Shikha , Avani Pradeepika Neela
Published: March 2022

A field experiment trial on blackgram was conducted during Zaid, 2021 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P), India. The soil of the experimental plot was sandy loam in texture, nearly neutral in soil reaction (pH 7.3), organic carbon (0.73%), available nitrogen (274.46 kg/ha), available phosphorus (31.10 kg/ha), and available potassium (328 kg/ha). The foliar spray was applied thrice at different concentrations (5.0, 7.5, 10, and 15.0% v/v) of seaweed extract of Gracilaria edulis (G. Sap) with different levels of phosphorus (30 and 40 kg/ha) and control plot with water spray. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with nine treatments each replicated thrice. The results showed that viz: plant height (42.84 cm), number of branches per plant (7.07), number of nodules per plant (14.11), root dry weight (0.41 g/plant) were recorded significantly higher with 15% G. Sap + Phosphorus 40 kg ha-1. Whereas, plant dry weight (17.55 g/plant) was recorded significantly higher with 10% G. Sap + Phosphorus 40 kg ha-1. Also, the highest gross returns (62,716.50 INR/ha), net returns (26,259.00 INR/ha), and benefit-cost ratio (1.72) were obtained with the application of 15% G. Sap + Phosphorus 40 kg ha-1 when compared to other treatments. Thus, foliar application of seaweed extract could be a promising option for yield enhancement in blackgram.
Role of Platelet Rich Plasma in the Treatment of Foot Ulcers: A Review
Authors: Kshirsagar Shivani , Mahakalkar Chandrashekhar , Agarwal Anshu , Kaple Meghali , Mendiratta Siddharth
Published: March 2022

An ulcer is a breach in the continuity of epithelium of mucous membrane and skin when an inflamed necrotic tissue sloughs out. Ulcers are caused by various medical conditions. The key to treatment is daily conventional dressing till the formation of healthy granulation tissue, infection control by antibiotics and surgical intervention such as debridement, and if the need arises, amputations. Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) uses autologous plasma containing growth factors that helps in wound healing. PRP is being used extensively and is under research for wound treatment.
Business Strategy and Environmental Performance
Authors: Moesono Juniarti , Beoang Camelia Florensia , Prayogo Meliani Fitri Salim , Samosir Parulian Adinata
Published: March 2022

Business strategy choices are very influential in a company’s environmental performance. Companies that choose the cost leadership strategy tend to streamline their expenses which leads to them overlooking the environmental cost. Meanwhile, differentiation strategy encourages companies to accommodate environmental costs to fulfill customers’ demands. Therefore, this research aims to examine the impacts of the strategy choices on environmental performance, which has not been focused on by previous researchers. This research’s samples are public companies that are consistently participating in the PROPER program during the 2012-2017 period. 228 company years fulfill the sample criteria. The data are processed using the GRETL application that is fit for processing the panel data. We apply two proxies to measure each strategy choice. Cost leadership is proxied with EPAS and SPPE while differentiation is measured with SGAS and SCGS. This research’s findings are, firstly, companies that choose the cost leadership strategy have lower environmental performances, and, secondly, companies with differentiation strategy have high environmental performances. However, not all proxies used to measure the cost leadership and differentiation strategies support the impacts of strategy choices on environmental responsibilities performance.
A EFETIVIDADE DAS FONTES LUMINOSAS NO CLAREAMENTO DENTAL DE CONSULTÓRIO: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Urtubia Mariana Sorrilha , Andrade Vitória Lívia
Published: March 2022

Objetivo: O objetivo do estudo foi realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre a efetividade das fontes luminosas empregadas no tratamento clareador de consultório. Métodos: Os artigos selecionados foram pesquisados nas bases de dados: Pubmed (MEDLINE), Scielo e Lilacs, com os descritores “clareamento dental”, “luz” e “peróxido de hidrogênio”, publicados no período de 2010 a 2021, nas línguas portuguesa e inglesa. Resultados: Foram encontrados resultados conflitantes na literatura, porém estudos mais recentes demonstram que as luzes não são imprescindíveis durante o clareamento dental. Considerações finais: De acordo com trabalhos mais recentes, dentes clareados são oriundos do contato direto do peróxido de hidrogênio à estrutura dentária, portanto sugere-se que não há a necessidade da utilização de fontes luminosas durante o tratamento clareador. Contudo, mais estudos são necessários, a fim de proporcionar uma fundamentação com embasamento científico que sirva aos profissionais clínicos.
PROTOCOLO PARA CONFECÇÃO DE PRÓTESE AURICULAR SOBRE IMPLANTE
Authors: Magalhães Viana Tayná , Alves Carneiro Luiza , Calazans Neto João Vicente , Andrade Santos Souza Caio , Maia Barreto de Oliveira Viviane , Andrade Meyer Guilherme
Published: March 2022

A perda do pavilhão auricular pode ocorrer de forma congênita ou adquirida, comprometendo a autoestima do indivíduo e interferindo na sua inserção social. Os defeitos podem ser reabilitados através de meios cirúrgicos, porém estes são onerosos financeira e biologicamente ao paciente, além de demandar maior tempo entre suas etapas. As próteses auriculares reproduzem harmônicamente a anatomia e estética da região perdida, sendo confeccionadas em silicone ou resina acrílica rígida e podem ser retidas por meios adesivos ou mecânicos. Os meios adesivos causam insegurança aos pacientes por apresentar mobilidade da peça, podendo causar irritações cutâneas e falhas de adesividade ao longo do dia. As retenções mecânicas, por meio de armação de óculos ou retidas por implantes osseointegrados, permitem uma maior segurança e, quando necessário, ocorrem em apenas uma etapa cirúrgica. Assim, o presente trabalho tem o objetivo, por meio de uma revisão de literatura discutida, estabelecer um protocolo para a confecção de prótese auricular sobre implante. Embora os defeitos sejam plurais em sua origem e formato, é possível estabelecer abordagens semelhantes nas suas reabilitações através de um protocolo na confecção das próteses. Estes servem para padronizar e facilitar os procedimentos, visando um resultado mais preciso e confiável.
GENIGMA: an app to map the 3D genome of cancer cell lines through extreme citizen science
Authors: Ruffell Daniela
Published: March 2022

In this Scientists' Forum article, we present a new app, GENIGMA, launched by structural genomics specialist Marc A. Marti‐Renom and his team, aimed at mapping the 3D genome of cancer cell lines. GENIGMA is a digital game, which was designed and tested through a co‐creation process with citizens. Finally, by playing the game, citizens produce data, reaching beyond the capacity of artificial intelligence. This is an exceptional experiment of extreme citizen science, which broadens the implications of open science.
Vesicle trafficking in Arabidopsis pollen tubes
Authors: Hao Guang‐Jiu , Zhao Xin‐Ying , Zhang Miao‐Miao , Ying Jun , Yu Fei , Li Sha , Zhang Yan
Published: March 2022

The delivery of sperm cells via tip‐growing pollen tubes is an innovation of seed plants and shows the importance of pollen tubes for reproduction and their specific growth kinetics. Fast‐growing pollen tubes demand an extensive and dynamic vesicular trafficking network to build new cell membrane and wall, to deliver proteins among endomembrane compartments, and also to respond to external stimuli for growth adjustment. In this review, we summarize current findings on endomembrane compartments and vesicular trafficking routes of pollen tubes, comparing and contrasting their features with those of most somatic cells. We discuss the importance of membrane homeostasis, either at the plasma membrane (PM) or between PM‐targeted trafficking and vacuolar trafficking, for pollen tube growth. We also provide perspectives to facilitate future studies of vesicular trafficking in pollen tubes.
Effect of Aluminum on the Friction and Wear Behavior of AlxCrFeNi Medium‐Entropy Alloys
Authors: Qiao Ling , Ramanujan Raju V. , Zhu Jingchuan
Published: March 2022

Several high‐entropy alloys (HEAs) and medium‐entropy alloys (MEAs) are promising for wear applications due to their excellent strength and fracture toughness. Herein, a series of MEAs (x = 0.3, 0.5, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2) are prepared by a vacuum arc‐melting techniques. The effects of Al content on the crystal structures and mechanical properties are evaluated in terms of hardness and wear resistance. With an increase in Al content, the microstructure changes from face‐centered cubic (FCC) + body‐centered cubic (BCC)/B2 phases to B2/BCC phases. A higher volume fraction of the BCC phase with increasing Al content favors spinodal decomposition. The Vickers microhardness increases from 345HV (x = 0.3) to 486HV (x = 1.2) with increasing Al content; a nanohardness size effect is revealed by nanoindentation tests. For high Al contents (x = 1.2), the coefficient of friction and wear rate reach the lowest value when the worn surface is smooth with smaller debris, indicating improved wear resistance. Furthermore, this series of MEAs exhibits wear related to abrasion, adhesion, and oxidation; the dominant wear mechanism is influenced by the Al content.
Transferrable SERS Barcodes
Authors: Sahin Furkan , Pekdemir Sami , Sakir Menekse , Gozutok Zehra , Onses Mustafa Serdar
Published: March 2022

The demand for encoded surfaces has increased significantly over the past decade driven by the rapid digitalization of the world. Surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) offers unique capabilities in generation of encoded surfaces. The challenge is the limited versatility of SERS‐based encoding systems in terms of the applicable surfaces. This study addresses this challenge by using a temporary tattoo approach together with simplified fabrication of SERS‐active patterns by ink‐jet printing of a particle‐free reactive silver ink. Plasmonic silver nanostructures form on the tattoo paper upon ink‐jet printing and a brief thermal annealing. The SERS activity is sufficient to detect taggant molecules of rhodamine 6G, methylene blue, and rhodamine B with a nanomolar level sensitivity. Raman‐active taggants can be incorporated into the ink, for drop‐on‐demand patterning of multiple molecules in 1D and 2D barcode geometries. The SERS barcodes can be effectively transferred to a range of different substrates retaining high plasmonic activity and geometric integrity. The presented approach decouples the SERS‐active pattern preparation from the final substrate and greatly improves the versatility of the barcodes.
Compressible Zn–Air Batteries Based on Metal–Organic Frameworks Nanoflake‐Assembled Carbon Frameworks for Portable Motion and Temperature Monitors
Authors: Zheng Dong , Liu Wenxian , Dai Xiaojing , Feng Jinxiu , Xu Xilian , Yin Ruilian , Que Wenbin , Shi Wenhui , Wu Fangfang , Wu Huaping , Cao Xiehong
Published: March 2022

High‐performance and integrated power sources are critical to the practical application of wearable sensors, enabling monitoring of physical signs in real time. However, realizing both good battery performance and portability for batteries is still a challenge to such integration application. Herein, a novel cathode material of flexible zinc–air battery is developed, i.e., NiFe‐based metal–organic frameworks nanoflakes assembled on the carbon frameworks with nitrogen‐heteroatom dopant (NiFe NF/NCFs). Benefiting from the unique interfacial interaction of 2D materials, as well as the rational integration of multifunctional electrocatalytic components in a flexible and compressible skeleton, the prepared NiFe NF/NCFs exhibits excellent activities for oxygen evolution/reduction reactions. Moreover, it achieves high peak power density (107.2 mW cm−2) and specific capacity (814.2 mAh g−1) when served as the cathode of zinc–air batteries. Importantly, serving as both battery cathode and sensing unit, a strain sensor–battery integration device is also demonstrated based on the NiFe NF/NCFs, which displays a favorable strain sensitivity toward detecting human motions. This work provides a new pathway to the development of energy storage device for flexible electronics.
An experimental/computational study of steric hindrance effects on CO2 absorption in (non)aqueous amine solutions
Authors: Luo Qinlan , Dong Rui , Yoon Bohak , Gao Hongxia , Chen Mengjie , Hwang Gyeong S. , Liang Zhiwu
Published: March 2022

The reaction kinetics and molecular mechanisms of CO2 absorption using nonaqueous and aqueous monoethanolamine (MEA)/methyldiethanolamine (MDEA)/2‐amino‐2‐methy‐1‐propanol (AMP) solutions were analyzed by the stopped‐flow technique and ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations. Pseudo first‐order rate constants (k0) of reactions between CO2 and amines were measured. A kinetic model was proposed to correlate the k0 to the amine concentration, and was proved to perform well for predicting the relationship between k0 and the amine concentration. The experimental results showed that AMP/MDEA only took part in the deprotonation of MEA‐zwitterion in nonaqueous MEA + AMP/MEA + MDEA solutions. In aqueous solutions, AMP can also react with CO2 through base‐catalyzed hydration mechanism beside the zwitterion mechanism. Molecular mechanisms of CO2 absorption were also explored by AIMD simulations coupled with metadynamics sampling. The predicted free‐energy barriers of key elementary reactions verified the kinetic model and demonstrated the different molecular mechanisms for the reaction between CO2 and AMP.
Photo‐Induced C(sp3)−H Functionalization for the Synthesis of 3,3‐Disubstituted Oxindoles
Authors: Xu Dongping , Yu Yingliang , Huang Fei , Zhou Shuangliu , Zhang Wu
Published: March 2022

An efficient photo‐induced direct oxidative radical cascade cyclization of N‐arylacrylamides with aliphatic alcohols at ambient temperature was developed. The present reaction exhibits a wide substrate scope, and various valuable oxindoles can be effectively accessed through the direct sp3 C−H functionalization of alcohols, ethers, cyclohexane, toluene and acetonitrile. Importantly, this cascade reaction proceeds photocatalyst‐free, at room temperature, utilizes readily available starting materials, and has a broad substrate scope.
Structurally Nontraditional Benzo[c]cinnoline‐Based Electron‐Transporting Materials with 3D Molecular Interaction Architecture
Authors: Shi Yang , Bin Zhengyang , Liu Jiahui , Han Weiguo , Yang Ge , Lei Bowen , You Jingsong
Published: March 2022

The academically widely used electron‐transporting materials (ETMs) typically suffer from low glass transition temperatures (Tg) that could lead to poor device stability. Considering practical applications, we herein put forward a “3D molecular interaction architecture” strategy to design high‐performance ETMs. As a proof‐of‐concept, a type of structurally nontraditional ETMs with the benzo[c]cinnoline (BZC) skeleton have been proposed and synthesized by the C−H/C−H homo‐coupling of N‐acylaniline as the key step. 2,9‐diphenylbenzo[c]cinnoline (DPBZC) exhibits strong intermolecular interactions that feature a 3D architecture, which boosts Tg to exceedingly high 218 °C with a fast electron mobility (μe) of 6.4×10−4 cm2 V−1 s−1. DPBZC‐based fluorescent organic light‐emitting diodes show outstanding electroluminescent performances with an external quantum efficiency of 20.1 % and a power efficiency as high as 70.6 lm W−1, which are superior to those of the devices with the commonly used ETMs.
Die Erhellung des “Bewusstseinsmoleküls”: Photomodulation des 5‐HT2A Rezeptors durch ein licht‐steuerbares N,N‐Dimethyltryptamin‐Derivat
Authors: Gerwe Hubert , He Feng , Pottie Eline , Stove Christophe , Decker Michael
Published: March 2022

Klassische Psychedelika sind eine Gruppe von Halluzinogenen, die berauschende Bewusstseinszustände durch Aktivierung des 5‐HT2A Rezeptors (5‐HT2AR) im Gehirn auslösen. Der genaue Mechanismus, wie 5‐HT2AR‐Agonisten die Wahrnehmung verändern können, ist noch nicht aufgeklärt. Bei Untersuchungen von Rezeptorsignalwege sind molekulare Werkzeuge von besonderer Relevanz, welche mit einer vergleichbaren räumlichen und zeitlichen Präzision steuerbar sind, wie die zu untersuchenden Rezeptorprozesse. Um ein derartiges pharmakologisches Werkzeug zu entwickeln, wurde eine Gruppe von photoschaltbaren Liganden synthetisiert, die auf klassischem psychoaktiven N,N‐Dimethyltryptamin (DMT) basieren. Durch Integration des DMT‐Indolringes in das photoschaltbare System haben wir “rotverschobene” Liganden erhalten, die mit sichtbarem Licht geschaltet werden können. Unter diesen Azo‐DMTs zeigt insbesondere Verbindung 2 h (“Photo‐DMT”) als cis‐Isomer DMT‐ähnliche Aktivität, während das trans‐Isomer nur als schwacher partieller Agonist wirkt. Durch diese für die cis‐Form spezifische Wirksamkeitsschaltung wird die pharmakologische Toolbox zur Aufklärung der komplexen Mechanismen des 5‐HT2AR Signalweges, erheblich erweitert.
Metal Halide Perovskite Based Heterojunction Photocatalysts
Authors: Huang Haowei , Verhaeghe Davy , Weng Bo , Ghosh Biplab , Zhang Hongwen , Hofkens Johan , Steele Julian A. , Roeffaers Maarten B. J.
Published: March 2022

With fascinating photophysical properties and a strong potential to utilize solar energy, metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have become a prominent feature within photocatalysis research. However, the effectiveness of single MHP photocatalysts is relatively poor. The introduction of a second component to form a heterojunction represents a well‐established route to accelerate carrier migration and boost reaction rates, thus increasing the photoactivity. Recently, there have been several scientific advances related to the design of MHP‐based heterojunction photocatalysts, including Schottky, type II, and Z‐scheme heterojunctions. In this Review, we systematically discuss and critically appraise recent developments in MHP‐based heterojunction photocatalysis. In addition, the techniques for identifying the type of active heterojunctions are evaluated and we conclude by briefly outlining the ongoing challenges and future directions for promising photocatalysts based on MHP heterojunctions.
Triggering near‐infrared luminescence of vanadyl phthalocyanine by charging
Authors: Debnath Sreekanta , Haupa Karolina A. , Lebedkin Sergei , Strelnikov Dmitry , Kappes Manfred M.
Published: March 2022

Probing electrofluorochromism (EFC) at the molecular level remains challenging. Here we study the strongly charge state‐dependent photoluminescence of vanadyl phthalocyanine. We report vibrationally resolved absorption and laser‐induced fluorescence (LIF) spectra of samples comprising both the mass‐selected neutral molecule (VOPc⋅, a stable radical) and its cation produced upon electron ionization (EI) isolated in 5 K neon matrices. Ionization of the essentially non‐emissive VOPc⋅ forms a high‐spin diradical cation (VOPc+..) which shows profound photoluminescence (PL) in the NIR range. This unique phenomenon is potentially of interest for NIR‐emitting electro‐optic devices.
syn‐Selective Epoxidation of Chiral Terminal Allylic Alcohols with a Titanium Salalen Catalyst and Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Severin Fabian , Fusi Giovanni M. , Wartmann Christina , Neudörfl Jörg‐Martin , Berkessel Albrecht
Published: March 2022

In the Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation of chiral secondary allylic alcohols, one substrate enantiomer is predominantly converted to the anti‐epoxy alcohol. We herein report the first highly syn‐selective epoxidation of terminal allylic alcohols using a titanium salalen complex as catalyst, at room temperature, and aqueous hydrogen peroxide as oxidant. With enantiopure terminal allylic alcohols as substrates, the epoxy alcohols were obtained with up to 98 % yield and up to >99 : 1 dr (syn). Catalyst loadings as low as 1 mol % can be applied without eroding the syn‐diastereoselectivity. Modification of the allylic alcohol to an ether does not affect the diastereoselectivity either [>99 : 1 dr (syn)]. Inverting the catalyst configuration leads to the anti‐product, albeit at lower dr (ca. 20 : 1). The synthetic potential is demonstrated by a short, gram‐scale preparation of a tetrahydrofuran building block with three stereocenters, involving two titanium salalen catalyzed epoxidation steps.
Außergewöhnliche Eisenbahnbrücke über das Filstal – Entwurf, Planung und Ausführung des neuen Wahrzeichens von Baden‐Württemberg
Authors: Zaidman Igor , Schumm Marc , Kotz Peter , Steigerwald Tobias
Published: March 2022

Die EÜ Filstal ist Teil des Projektabschnitts Albaufstieg der Neubaustrecke Wendlingen–Ulm und stellte die Beteiligten mit der Abfolge Tunnel – Brücke – Tunnel in der vorhandenen Topografie mit den steilen Talflanken des Filstals vor besondere Randbedingungen, denen im Brückenentwurf sowie in der Bauausführung Rechnung getragen werden musste. Aufgrund der anschließenden Tunnel mit 30 m Gleisabstand waren zwei unabhängige Brückenbauwerke erforderlich. Daher wurden zwei eingleisige Brückenbauwerke als fugenlose Durchlaufträger mit 485 m bzw. 472 m Länge über sechs Felder in semiintegraler Bauweise entworfen. Im Bereich der Y‐förmigen Hauptpfeiler ist die Voute in aufgelöster Form mit flach geneigten Schrägstielen ausgebildet. Der Überbau ist ein einzelliger Hohlkastenquerschnitt, in Längsrichtung vorgespannt und in Querrichtung schlaff bewehrt. Die dritthöchste Eisenbahnbrücke Deutschlands überquert das Filstal in einer lichten Höhe von 75 m. Große Herausforderungen in der Planung und Bauausführung waren u. a. die Ausbildung der monolithischen Anschlüsse sowie die Längskraftabtragung des semiintegralen Bauwerks mit seinen schlanken Pfeilern. Im Rahmen der Bauausführung erfolgte zunächst die abschnittsweise Herstellung des Überbaus mit oben laufender Vorschubrüstung auf Hilfstürmen zur bauzeitlichen Zwischenunterstützung. Nach der Fertigstellung des Überbaus wurden die Schrägstiele auf einem abgehängten Traggerüst unterbetoniert, wobei am Überbauanschluss selbstverdichtender Beton (SVB) zum Einsatz kam. Die Gesamttonnage der Bauhilfskonstruktionen belief sich auf ca. 3500 t je Brücke.
A critical consideration of ‘mental health and wellbeing’ in education: Thinking about school aims in terms of wellbeing
Authors: Norwich Brahm , Moore Darren , Stentiford Lauren , Hall Dave
Published: March 2022

This paper examines ideas about mental health, wellbeing and school education to illustrate important issues in the relationship between mental health and education. The Covid crisis has amplified the pre‐existing mental health problems of children and young people in England and recognition of the opportunities in schools to address these. The paper gives an overview of child and adolescent mental health services and how they position the role of schools. It examines prominent concepts of mental health and their relationship to wellbeing, setting this in a discussion of ‘mentally healthy’ schools, mental health in special educational needs and whole‐school approaches. This analysis shows how the relationship between mental health and wellbeing has not been adequately worked out, using this as the basis for arguing for the dual‐factor mental health model which separates mental illness/disorder from wellbeing as two related dimensions. The paper then translates the dual‐factor model into a two‐dimensional framework that represents the distinctive but related aims of school education (wellbeing promotion) and mental health services (preventing, coping, helping mental health difficulties). This framework involves a complex conception of wellbeing, with schools playing an important role in promoting wellbeing (beyond emotional wellbeing), tiered models and establishing school‐wide social emotional learning. It is about a whole‐school curriculum approach that involves considering what is to be learned and how it is taught. It contributes to a more nuanced concept of wellbeing that has a place for meaningful learning and challenge.
Global and local possible selves: Differentiated strategies for positional competition among Chinese university students
Authors: Mulvey Benjamin , Wright Ewan
Published: March 2022

The term neijuan (in English ‘involution’) has captured feelings of perpetual competition and anxiety among university students in China preparing for their post‐graduation careers. In this article, we develop a neo‐Weberian reading of neijuan to construct a framework using positional conflict theory and the concept of ‘possible selves’. We investigated how final‐year university students from three social class factions—rural, urban non‐elite and urban elite—envisage, plan and strategise for their future careers. We draw on in‐depth interviews (n = 100) and a post‐graduation survey (n = 97) with students at two public universities, one elite and one lower‐tier, in a metropolitan city in Guangdong province. The findings underscore marked differences in the nature and clarity of students’ envisaged future selves along the lines of social advantage and disadvantage. We demonstrate how social class is deeply connected to the scale of the competition—national or global—that students perceive themselves to be implicated in. In doing so, we draw attention to social class differences in expressions of and capacities to realise what we term ‘globally orientated possible selves’, which involved escaping both the sense of entrapment and the prospect of failure evinced by neijuan.
It’s all about the story: Personal narratives in children’s literature about refugees
Authors: Tomsic Mary , Zbaracki Matthew D.
Published: March 2022

Stories are one way that experiences, ideas and culture are shared with children in educational settings. Commercially published books are the standard means in schools for sharing stories. Qualitative content analysis was carried out on 30 personal narrative‐based children's picture books. While the range of stories told in books is vast, our research focuses on refugee stories for children in light of the contemporary political and public focus on refugees and the forced movement of people around the world. Scholars have identified that books about refugees for children can be useful to explore the topic of refugees, but also caution that they can perpetuate simplistic and stereotypical understandings about forced movement in the world. In our research we examine personal narratives and propose that educators should use stories and books written and illustrated by children as a means to bring refugee children's voices into formal educational spaces. We argue that this is a respectful approach that counters a deficit model of refugee children; it highlights refugee children's authentic voices and stories told on their own terms. Additionally, it offers a counter‐narrative to dominant refugee stories in the public sphere and presents understandings of forced migration and its legacies from children's perspectives. We suggest that to effectively examine refugee experiences through literature, educators should use a number of texts to begin conversations in classrooms, and stories by children who have experienced forced migration should be featured.
Technological advancements in bio‐recognition using liquid crystals: Techniques, applications, and performance
Authors: Rajesh  , Gangwar Lokesh K. , Mishra Sujeet K. , Choudhary Amit , Biradar Ashok M. , Sumana Gajjala
Published: March 2022

The application of liquid crystal (LC) materials has undergone a modern‐day renaissance from its classical use in electronics industry as display devices to new‐fangled techniques for optically detecting biological and chemical analytes. This review article deals with the emergence of LC materials as invaluable material for their use as label‐free sensing elements in the development of optical, electro‐optical and electrochemical biosensors. The property of LC molecules to change their orientation on perturbation by any external stimuli or on interaction with bioanalytes or chemical species has been utilized by many researches for the fabrication of high sensitive LC‐biosensors. In this review article we categorized LC‐biosensor based on biomolecular reaction mechanism viz. enzymatic, nucleotides and immunoreaction in conjunction with operating principle at different LC interface namely LC‐solid, LC‐aqueous and LC‐droplets. Based on bimolecular reaction mechanism, the application of LC has been delineated with recent progress made in designing of LC‐interface for the detection of bio and chemical analytes of proteins, virus, bacteria, clinically relevant compounds, heavy metal ions and environmental pollutants. The review briefly describes the experimental set‐ups, sensitivity, specificity, limit of detection and linear range of various viable and conspicuous LC‐based biosensor platforms with associated advantages and disadvantages therein.