bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GRAVIDEZ ECTÓPICA COM TRANSMIGRAÇÃO OVOCITÁRIA
Authors: Machado Nicolas Felipe , Ribeiro Thalles Eduardo , Borges Junior Weder Silva , Siqueira Henri Naves , Souza Kamila de Oliveira Gonçalves , Amaral Waldemar Naves do
Published: November 2024

O propósito deste artigo é relatar um caso clínico envolvendo a ocorrência de gravidez ectópica (GE) e transmigração oocitária. Mulher de 33 anos, natural de Mozarlândia - Goiás, apresentou-se com polimenorréia e dismenorréia após teste positivo de gravidez. Sem histórico significativo de doenças, paciente relatou consumo social de álcool e uso anterior de contraceptivos orais por 5 anos. Após o teste positivo de gravidez adquirido em farmácia, apresentou sangramento e dor abdominal, levando-a a uma consulta de emergência onde o teste de β-hCG confirmou a gravidez e uma Ultrassonografia Transvaginal (USTV) mostrou achados normais. Com persistência dos sintomas, um segundo teste de β-hCG e uma USTV posterior revelaram um aumento insuficiente nos níveis hormonais e uma massa anexial com hemoperitônio. Uma videolaparoscopia foi realizada, identificando uma GE na tuba uterina esquerda e uma transmigração oocitária, tratadas com salpingostomia e cistectomia ovariana. A paciente se recuperou bem após a cirurgia, sem complicações. Este caso destaca a importância do diagnóstico precoce e da intervenção cirúrgica oportuna em casos de GE, visando evitar complicações graves e preservar a fertilidade da paciente. O diagnóstico e tratamento da GE são desafiadores devido à ambiguidade dos sintomas. Avanços tecnológicos melhoraram o diagnóstico, mas metade dos casos não é identificada inicialmente. O tratamento pode ser medicamentoso ou cirúrgico, dependendo da gravidade e dos desejos reprodutivos da paciente.
CORREÇÃO CIRÚRGICA DE ANEURISMA DE ARTÉRIA PULMONAR
Authors: Linhares Marcelo José , Ramos Victoria Schmidt , Abuchaim Décio Cavalet Soares , Lima Paloma Farina de , Dreckmann Marcelo Vitola , Schulz Júlio Cesar , Amaral Felipe Barbosa , Gardenghi Giulliano
Published: November 2024

O aneurisma da artéria pulmonar (AAP) é uma condição rara podendo ocorrer em ambos os sexos, sendo 89% em artéria pulmonar principal e 11% nos ramos da artéria pulmonar. Apresenta risco de compressão de estruturas adjacentes, como o tronco da artéria coronária esquerda (TCE), dentre outras. A ruptura da AAP pode resultar em altas taxas de mortalidade, que variam entre 50 e 100%. Relatamos um caso sobre a evolução clínica após a abordagem cirúrgica de paciente com AAP sintomático, associado a potencial compressão do TCE.
ABORTO UNIFETAL EM GESTAÇÃO GEMELAR COM PRESENÇA DE FETO PAPIRÁCEO
Authors: Neto Adelino , Ferreira Ana Paula , Guimarães Andre Eduardo , Vieira Nathalia
Published: November 2024

Objetivos: Apresentar e analisar um caso clínico de aborto fetal em gestação gemelar com a presença de feto papiráceo, com ênfase na avaliação diagnóstica, manejo clínico e consequências ao feto coexistente e a saúde materna. Métodos: Trabalho realizado de forma retrospectiva e descritiva de um quadro clínico de uma paciente. Os dados foram obtidos com o consentimento da paciente através do prontuário médico, além de exames e caderneta da gestante. As demais informações foram adquiridas através de uma busca bibliográfica nas plataformas Google Acadêmico, PubMed e Scielo com os descritores gestação gemelar, feto papiráceo, aborto fetal, óbito intrauterino, gêmeos. Discussão: Gestações gemelares são consideradas fatores de risco para ocorrência de óbitos fetal e maternos. A ocorrência de morte de apenas um dos fetos no início da gestação gemelar, possibilita o acontecimento de um evento raro denominado feto papiráceo, caracterizado pela retenção intrauterina do feto falecido, gerando sua mumificação. Tal situação pode gerar sérias complicações para mãe e o feto viável. Conclusões: É uma condição rara que pode ocasionar riscos à saúde da mãe e do feto viável. Entretanto, no caso clínico descrito, não ocorreu comprometimento materno e o feto viável apresentou boa viabilidade.
MANEJO DO ABSCESSO ANORRETAL NA DOENÇA CRIPTOGLANDULAR
Authors: Santos Leonardo Eterno Medeiros dos , Nóbrega Isabelle Martins , Souza Guerra Renata de
Published: November 2024

Este artigo científico aborda a doença criptoglandular, com foco específico no abscesso anorretal, uma condição comum e potencialmente grave que requer atenção urgente e intervenção médica adequada. A doença criptoglandular refere-se a um processo infeccioso que se desenvolve nas glândulas anorretais, geralmente resultando em abscesso e, se não tratada, em fístula. O abscesso anorretal é uma complicação aguda da doença criptoglandular, caracterizada por inflamação e acúmulo de pus nos tecidos ao redor do ânus e reto. Este artigo destaca a importância do reconhecimento precoce dos sinais e sintomas do abscesso anorretal, que incluem dor intensa, vermelhidão, inchaço e febre. O tratamento inicial geralmente consiste em drenagem cirúrgica do abscesso, que pode ser realizada em regime ambulatorial ou em ambiente hospitalar, dependendo da gravidade e extensão da infecção. É enfatizada a importância do manejo adequado pós-drenagem, incluindo cuidados locais com a ferida, analgesia apropriada e possivelmente antibioticoterapia, especialmente em casos complicados. Além disso, o artigo destaca a necessidade de acompanhamento cuidadoso para evitar complicações a longo prazo, como a formação de fístulas anorretais. O artigo em questão se utilizou do Referencial teórico, por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica a respeito do assunto, coletando o máximo de dados, sob uma perspectiva geral, a pesquisa acerca do tema foi feita através de estudos de artigos, obras literárias e a análise de pesquisas e fatos. Por fim, o trabalho fornece uma visão abrangente da doença criptoglandular na urgência, com foco no abscesso anorretal, ressaltando a importância da identificação precoce, diagnóstico preciso e manejo adequado para otimizar os resultados clínicos e reduzir o risco de complicações.
SÍNDROME DE BURNOUT EM MÉDICOS, UM PROBLEMA NEGLIGENCIADO
Authors: Silvério Américo de Oliveira , Ribeiro Eliane da Silva , Vlieger Rosiclea de , Silva Netto Otaviano Ottoni da , Silva Prestes Leonardo da , Detregiachi Neto Edson
Published: November 2024

A relação do indivíduo com seu trabalho e as experiências vividas no ambiente laboral resulta em satisfação e melhoria pessoal e, ao mesmo tempo, pode ser fonte de estresse e esgotamento profissional. A síndrome de Burnout é uma síndrome psicológica que surge de uma resposta contínua a estressores interpessoais crônicos durante o trabalho. Profissões que exigem alto nível de estresse no dia a dia são mais suscetíveis à SB, especialmente nos profissionais da área da saúde. A prevalência desta síndrome nas especialidades médicas esta bem documentada e apresenta índices impressionantes. É um problema de saúde pública que pode acarretar ausência no trabalho e licença por doença, gerando despesa para a organização empregadora, além de afetar a qualidade do serviço oferecido com consequências potencialmente graves para cuidadores, pacientes e instituições de saúde, incluindo o risco de erros médicos, depressão e efeitos adversos na segurança do paciente. Os efeitos a longo prazo da SB na saúde dos trabalhadores, especialmente após a pandemia pelo COVID-19, devem ser uma preocupação significativa para os governos, entidades médicas, hospitais e pelos próprios médicos. Abordar o esgotamento médico deve ser visto como uma responsabilidade compartilhada entre os sistemas de saúde, organizações, instituições e médicos individuais.
LESÃO DE VIA BILIAR EM TRAUMA ABDOMINAL CONTUSO
Authors: Santos Leonardo Eterno Medeiros dos , Nóbrega Isabelle Martins , Santos Raíza Michele Vidal dos , Veríssimo Timóteo Vilela , Goyano Guilherme Sposito Ribeiro
Published: November 2024

O artigo em questão descreve um caso de trauma das vias biliares, uma condição rara e que apresenta potencial de gravidade significativo, demandando abordagem diagnóstica e terapêutica ágil e precisa devido ao risco de complicações graves. Este relato de caso descreve o manejo de um jovem paciente com lesão traumática das vias biliares, destacando a complexidade diagnóstica e terapêutica envolvida. O objetivo do relato de caso é fornecer uma descrição detalhada de um caso clínico específico, demonstrando a apresentação clínica inicial, o diagnóstico, o tratamento e a evolução dessa condição. Ultilizando-se também, o método da Coleta de Dados, onde os dados clínicos do paciente foram coletados, incluindo história médica, exames físicos, resultados de exames laboratoriais, imagens de diagnóstico por imagem (como tomografia computadorizada, etc.) e achados intraoperatórios. Por fim, as considerações finais, os resultados foram analisados à luz da literatura médica e discutidos em termos de diagnóstico diferencial, manejo terapêutico e desafios específicos encontrados durante o tratamento da paciente.
CÂNCER DE MAMA EM HOMENS
Authors: Abreu Filho Fernando Costa , Dias Aylton Albernaz , Oliveira Silva Diego de , Sousa Juarez Antônio de
Published: November 2024

O câncer de mama é amplamente reconhecido como uma das principais preocupações de saúde pública em todo o mundo, afetando predominantemente as mulheres. No entanto, embora seja relativamente raro, o câncer de mama também pode ocorrer em homens, representando uma parcela significativa dos casos diagnosticados anualmente. Embora seja menos comum, o câncer de mama masculino apresenta desafios únicos no diagnóstico, tratamento e manejo clínico, requerendo uma abordagem específica e personalizada para garantir resultados ótimos para os pacientes. A compreensão da prevalência e das características do câncer de mama em homens é fundamental para orientar políticas de saúde pública, estratégias de prevenção e intervenções clínicas eficazes. O objetivo geral deste estudo é discutir sobre a prevalência e as características clínicas, histopatológicas e terapêuticas do câncer de mama em homens, a fim de consolidar o conhecimento existente e identificar lacunas que possam direcionar futuras pesquisas. A metodologia deste trabalho é a Revisão de Literatura. Conclui-se que os estudos sobre o câncer de mama em homens forneceram uma visão abrangente dessa condição, desde sua prevalência até suas principais características clínicas e desafios associados ao diagnóstico e tratamento.
Exploring non-antimicrobial agents as antibiotic alternatives: an in vitrostudy
Authors: Nuka Aswini , Borugadda Roopesh , Neelima U Lavanya , Manchem Aishwarya , Prabhu V Solomon , Dasari Sahith
Published: November 2024

Background:Microorganisms cause periapical and pulpal disorders, making root canal treatment (RCT) essential. Due to complex canal anatomy, bacteria may persist despite cleaning. Intracanal medicaments, such as calcium hydroxide and chlorhexidine, help eliminate residual bacteria, reduce inflammation, and enhance treatment outcomes by improving disinfection and compatibility.Aim:To assess the antimicrobial effectiveness of Triple Antibiotic Paste (TAP), Modified TAP, Sertraline (SSRI), Atorvastatin and the combination of Atorvastatin and Sertraline against Enterococcus faecalis.Materials and methods:A total of 30 samples were made, with 6samples from each group: TAP, Sertraline, Atorvastatin, Modified TAP, and Sertraline + Atorvastatin. The antimicrobial efficacy of the medicaments was evaluated using an agar well diffusion test by measuring inhibition zones around the medicaments. Statistical analysis included one-way ANOVA, with significance set at p < 0.05.Results:A significant difference (p=0.001) in the diameter of growth inhibition zones was observed. The maximum inhibitory zone was found in Group 5: Sertraline+Atorvastatin.Conclusion:The combination of sertraline and atorvastatin demonstrated superior antimicrobial efficacy compared to modified TAP, TAP, sertraline, and atorvastatin used alone.
Analysis of job stress during the COVID-19 pandemic on teacher performance
Authors: Lumbanraja Pretty Luci , Lumbanraja Penny Chariti , Lumbanraja Sindak Panaili
Published: November 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic that hit Indonesia caused many people to feel excessively anxious and fearful of uncertainty, impacting their work productivity. Individuals experienced behavioral, physical, and psychological symptoms such as headaches, difficulty sleeping, and other physical disorders, which are indicative of stress. While stress does not always have a negative meaning, excessive stress had an effect on work concentration. Work stress resulted in delays in work, decreased ability to carry out tasks, and even reduced performance. This research utilized quantitative methods, including questionnaires, interviews, and observations of teachers in Bilah Hulu District, Labuhan Batu Regency. Hypothesis testing was conducted using SEM analysis at a 95% confidence level (alpha = 0.05) with 17 research respondents. The results of the study showed that work stress had a negative and insignificant effect on teacher performance, indicating that higher stress levels among teachers reduced their performance, albeit weaklyin this study. The results also indicated that physical symptoms were the primary indicator of the work stress construct, while the quality of working conditions best described good teacher performance.
Examining the social issues and challenges encountered by Bangladeshi foreign labors
Authors: Jumbulingam Kharmeyni , Fadel Hossam , Talukder H. M. Naseef Akbar , Sumarningsih Ni Made
Published: November 2024

This study focused on how the earnings of Bangladeshi foreign labor impacted the economic development of Bangladesh. The purpose of this research was to raise awareness of the problems faced by Bangladeshi laborers on short-term work visas in various foreign countries and to explore how society can address this significant social issue to eradicate the problems among the deprived poor people of the society. In this study, the researcher used a mixed approach of quantitative and qualitative methods. The main problem was the social challenges faced by Bangladeshi labor workers. This issue was important to address because it was necessary to advocate for the rights of the deprived people of Bangladesh. This study focused on the issues faced by Bangladeshi workers in foreign nations, such as Gulf countries and emerging Asian countries like Malaysia. Bangladeshi policymakers, economists, lawyers, and human rights activists found this study useful for their professions. This research employed a mixed method of qualitative and quantitative research.
Examining the importance of digital marketing strategies in brand creation for SMEs in Malaysia
Authors: Jumbulingam Kharmeyni , Fadel Hossam , Al-Daqqaq Diaa M. A. , Mimaki Caren Angellina
Published: November 2024

This research aimed to investigate the relationship between brand creation and various types of marketing strategies in SMEs across Malaysia, with a focus on the role of digital platforms in shaping consumer engagement and perceptions. The research was conducted using a correlational quantitative approach in Malaysia. Through the probability sampling method, 51 SME employees were selected. Research data were collected through surveys and analyzed using SPSS software. The findings showed that utilizing various digital marketing strategies was essential for SME brand creation. Social media, content creation, community engagement, influencer collaboration, SEO, and email marketing proved significant in increasing brand visibility and loyalty among Malaysian consumers. The study highlighted that content marketing enabled SMEs to convey their values and unique selling propositions. Additionally, implementing an SEO strategy significantly increased an SME's visibility in search engine results, boosted website traffic, and built customer credibility. Influencer marketing was also effective for Malaysian SMEs in facilitating audience reach and increasing brand awareness through personalized consumer relationships. Moreover, email marketing played an important role in brand creation by enhancing customer relationships and engagement. This study provided empirical insights into how Malaysian SMEs leveraged digital marketing channels to strengthen their brands, emphasizing the need to adapt strategies to changing consumer preferences and technological advances in the digital landscape.
Potential and challenges of blockchain technology implementation in Higher Education: A systematic literature review
Authors: Permana Gusi Putu Lestara , Martatika Komang Ayu Widyani
Published: November 2024

This study examined the potential applications and challenges of implementing blockchain technology within higher education systems. Blockchain, known for its decentralized and immutable nature, attracted significant interest due to its ability to provide secure, transparent, and efficient data management. In the context of higher education, blockchain has the potential to revolutionize academic record management, enhance verification processes, prevent fraud, and ensure the authenticity of credentials. This systematic literature review identified key use cases, such as academic credentialing, student data management, and the protection of intellectual property in research. Despite its promising potential, the adoption of blockchain in higher education, particularly in Indonesia, remained in its early stages. The study discussed major obstacles to implementation, including technical limitations, high costs, limited awareness, and regulatory barriers. Addressing these challenges required further research and collaboration between academic institutions, government agencies, and technology providers to enable widespread adoption. The review emphasized the need for a comprehensive framework to guide the practical implementation of blockchain, ensuring its benefits could be fully realized in educational environments.
Exploring the mediating role of beauty influencer effectiveness on skincare products: Does credibility still influence purchase intention?
Authors: Sari Desak Made Febri Purnama Sari , Nandini Made Ayu Sintya , Sumarningsih Ni Made , Basmantra Ida Nyoman
Published: November 2024

The study explored the impact of beauty influencer credibility on purchase intention, focusing on how influencer effectiveness mediated this relationship. With the rise of social media platforms like Instagram and YouTube, beauty influencers have become key players in shaping consumer behavior, particularly in the competitive beauty industry where local brands like Somethinc compete with global brands. The research analyzed responses from 100 female teenagers aged 15-24 in Bali using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis. The results showed that beauty influencer credibility had a direct and positive effect on influencer effectiveness, with trust and expertise being critical factors. Influencer effectiveness significantly increased purchase intention, as consumers were more likely to make purchasing decisions when influencers communicated persuasively. Credibility also directly influenced purchase intention, but its effect was strengthened when mediated by influencer effectiveness. The findings highlighted that credibility alone was not sufficient; influencers needed to effectively engage their audience to maximize their impact. The study provided valuable insights for beauty brands, suggesting that selecting credible and effective influencers is crucial for successful digital marketing. It also opened avenues for future research into additional factors such as brand loyalty and price, and the potential for cross-cultural and longitudinal studies.
Understanding sample product quality, purchase decision, and brand awareness of Nescafe
Authors: Kiswara Adimas Rangga
Published: November 2024

This study explored the impact of sample product quality and brand awareness on consumer purchasing decisions for Nescafe coffee products in Denpasar, Indonesia, during the COVID-19 pandemic and under the Indonesian government’s Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB). These restrictions limited traditional marketing channels, including direct consumer interactions that were essential to Nescafe’s sampling strategy, which historically relied on face-to-face engagement to boost brand recognition and trust. The research focused on how sample quality and brand awareness influenced consumer decisions and examined whether brand awareness mediated the relationship between sample product quality and purchase intent. Using path analysis on data collected from 100 purposively sampled respondents, the study found that higher sample product quality directly improved both brand awareness and purchasing decisions. Additionally, brand awareness significantly enhanced the likelihood of a purchase and served as a mediating factor, strengthening the effect of sample product quality on purchase decisions. These findings underscored the value of high-quality sampling in building brand familiarity and consumer trust, especially when traditional marketing channels were constrained. The study suggested that brands could maintain consumer engagement and drive purchasing behavior by investing in quality-controlled sampling programs and developing robust brand awareness strategies, offering practical implications for marketing in challenging environments.
Blockchain and Collective Rights Management of Copyright and Related Rights at the Global Level: The Case of the Music Industry
Authors: Mareckova Dana
Published: November 2024

Online music streaming has become an important source of revenue within the music industry, but the necessary licensing of musical works and sound recordings can still be quite cumbersome. The thesis discusses what blockchain is, how it could facilitate global licensing, and whether it could replace or improve the current system of collective rights management.
Auswirkungen des BEPS-Projekts der OECD auf die Steuerordnung der Schweiz: Umsetzung des Aktionspunkts 5
Authors: Uehlinger Olga
Published: November 2024

Die OECD rief das BEPS-Projekt ins Leben, um die aus ihrer Sicht schädlichen Steuervermeidungspraktiken der multinationalen Unternehmen wie Amazon oder Google zu bekämpfen. Deswegen und um - nach eigenen Angaben - eine transparentere und fairere internationale Steuerlandschaft zu erbauen, entwickelte die OECD einen Aktionsplan mit insgesamt 15 Massnahmen, welche dem Phänomen «Base Erosion and Profit Shifting» (auf Deutsch «Gewinnkürzung und Gewinnverlagerung») entgegenwirken sollten. Die Schweiz sprach sich hingegen stets für die Souveränität bei der Steuererhebung und den Steuerwettbewerb aus, als Schutz vor übermässigen Eingriffen des Staates in die Eigentumsgarantie. Den kantonalen Steuerwettbewerb und einige kantonale Steuerregimes der Schweiz betrachtete die OECD ebenfalls als Mitursache für «race to the bottom», weswegen auch diese mithilfe des BEPS-Projekts verhindert werden sollten. Diese Bestrebungen der OECD stellen die Schweiz vor grosse Herausforderungen und tangieren mehrere ihrer Besteuerungs- und Verfassungsgrundsätze. Die Arbeit setzt sich mit den verschiedenen Massnahmen des BEPS-Projekts der OECD und den neusten internationalen Entwicklungen im Steuerrecht auseinander. Sie untersucht die juristischen Auswirkungen des Aktionsplanes der OECD auf das Schweizer Rechtssystem, würdigt die Umsetzung der OECD-Vorgaben seitens Schweizer Regierung und zeigt auf, wie die Schweiz angesichts ihrer Verfassung und der gesetzlichen Grundlagen andere, praktikable und verfassungskonforme Lösungen entwickeln kann. Dabei wird der Aktionspunkt 5 (Bekämpfung schädlicher Steuerpraktiken) als Mindeststandard in den Gesamtzusammenhang der verschiedenen BEPS-Massnahmen eingebettet und insbesondere die Zwei-Säulen-Lösung (Two-Pillar-Solution), welche die Einführung einer Mindestbesteuerung grosser Unternehmensgruppen bezweckt, dargestellt.
Efeitos da inteligência artificial na vida profissional das mulheres
Authors: Gomes Livia Gouvea
Published: November 2024

Explora os desafios e oportunidades que a inteligência artificial (IA) apresenta para a equidade social e a inclusão de gênero, com um foco específico nas questões que impactam a vida laboral das mulheres, frequentemente em desvantagem no mercado de trabalho. O artigo examina as mudanças nas exigências de habilidades, os efeitos da IA na busca de emprego e no local de trabalho, incluindo monitoramento de performance e estereótipos de gênero. A autora destaca que a IA continuará a influenciar as oportunidades e o tratamento das mulheres no ambiente profissional e enfatiza a necessidade de colaboração entre governos, indústrias, academia e sociedade civil para implementar e avaliar essas tecnologias com transparência e responsabilidade.
Uma análise das cotas para pessoas com deficiência no Brasil
Authors: Szerman Christiane
Published: November 2024

Avalia os impactos da política de ação afirmativa voltada para pessoas com deficiência, com foco na Lei de Cotas e na regulamentação da Política Nacional para a Integração da Pessoa Portadora de Deficiência (PNIPPD). A pesquisa mostra que a PNIPPD aumentou o emprego formal e os rendimentos de pessoas com deficiência em microrregiões expostas à política, sem efeitos adversos para trabalhadores sem deficiência ou informais. Os resultados sugerem que, em mercados de trabalho com discriminação na contratação, a aplicação de cotas modestas pode melhorar a eficiência do mercado de trabalho e ser eficaz para aumentar o emprego entre pessoas com deficiência.
A Web Crawling and NLP-Powered Model for Filtering Inappropriate Content for Primary School Learners' Online Research
Authors: Chiwanza A. , Mukoko F.D , Mupini B.
Published: November 2024

Most of learning today has gone digital as online methods are being utilized. A lot of activities happen on the internet, people post various material which are both good and bad. However, students whilst studying end up accessing those bad websites like porn sites and other inappropriate content. Ensuring a safe online environment for students is very vital in order for them not to be disturbed or to end up being victims on the internet. Parents and teachers have tried to monitor activities of their children but end up being tricked. Some researchers suggest blocking the unsafe sites which students end up by-passing. This research proposed use of a web crawling and Natural Language Processing powered model for filtering inappropriate content for primary school online learners. The results obtained indicated that inappropriate content was blacklisted, filtered successfully and could not be accessed by students. Therefore, the model was developed correctly and met the intended research goal.
Effectiveness of Teachers Training Program in Enhancing Teaching Competence of Public Primary School Teachers in Ilemela Municipality, Tanzania
Authors: Patrine Mushi Lilian , Mandila Timothy , Muteti Catherine
Published: November 2024

The study aims to investigate the Effectiveness of Teachers Training Program in Enhancing Teaching Competence of Public Primary School Teachers in Ilemela Municipality, Tanzania. The problem of this study was answered by the one research questions; TCPD training programs in enhancing teaching competence. The study was guided by the Social Cognitive Theory. The current study employed convergent design under mixed research methods approach. The target population consisted of various stakeholders, including 81 public primary schools, 1,047 teachers, 19 Ward Education Officers, 81 head teachers, and 8 District quality assurers making total number of 1155 population. The sample size for the current study consisted of 16 public primary schools, 192 teachers, 16 head teachers, 6 Ward Education Officers (WEO), and 2 District School Quality Assurers (DSQA), totaling 216 respondents. Questionnaires, interview guides, and document analysis guides were used to collect data from respondents. Data collection instruments were validated by MWECAU research experts. A pilot study was conducted in two public primary schools. The reliability of questionnaires for Likert-type items was estimated using Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient whereby r= 0.889 for teachers while that of qualitative established through peer debriefing and triangulation. The study adhered to ethical considerations throughout the research process. Descriptive statistics were analyzed quantitative data using SPSS version 26. Qualitative data was analyzed thematically. The study found that the TCPD is highly effective in improving teaching competence through focused training on classroom management, instructional design, differentiated instruction, student engagement, and technology integration significantly improved their teaching skills. The study concluded that Continuing Professional Development (CPD) effectively Enhanced Teaching Competence of Public Primary School Teachers in Ilemela Municipality to the high extent. The study recommended that a similar training program should be implemented regularly to equip teachers with up-date skills and knowledge.
Heat Index Levels and Heat – Related Risks in the Philippines
Authors: Nester A. Lavin Keith , Jheran Alvarez Mark , G. Aliswag Emerson , . Ligaya , Hussain Khan Irfan
Published: November 2024

Using a systematic literature review, this study determined and establish the Health Index Levels and Heat – Related Health Risks in the Philippines.  Background. The heat index which is also called as the visible temperature is well-defined as a personalized, subjective experience of a person when comparative humidity is correlated with the temperature of the air. The incidence and intensity of life-threatening incidents especially escalated heat index are growing all around the world which ultimately poses a serious risk to the health of people.  Aim. The aim of this review was to explore and deliberate the relationship between the heat index, a measure that combines air temperature and relative humidity to approximate the apparent temperature, and the risk of heat-related health issues in the Philippines from published articles between 2019 – 2024.  Data Sources. A systematic search of primary articles on numerous electronic databases that included Google Scholar and other related engines. Grey literature was also connected based on the references available and bibliographies from the different articles were also included in the pooling of literature of data.  Method. The article included two (2) or more of the key search terms identified: heat exhaustion, heat stroke, health related risks, heat index , and lastly published from years 2019-2024.  Results. Analysis of the research articles were used to answer the effect of the heat index in the risk of heat exhaustion, the effect of the heat index in the risk of stroke and formulation of research - based recommendations on Heat Index Levels and Heat - Related Health Risks in the Philippines.  Acknowledgment: The authors of this systematic literature review thanks and recognize all the writers of the variety of references that were used in this review paper. The proponents these data sources used in this paper are both cited in the text and in the reference lists.  Disclaimer: The beliefs and point of view manifested in this paper are those of the authors and do necessarily indicate the official guidelines or stand of any affiliated institution, organization or agency of the authors.  Conflict of Interest: The authors have not anything to proclaim. This paper is a collaborative effort of the authors mentioned above.
Meat, Livestock and the Colonial Project in 1830s and 1840s Australia: The Frontier, the City and the Colonial Imagination
Authors: PITT NICHOLAS
Published: November 2024

From the 1820s, the settler occupation of Australia expanded rapidly, driven by the growth of sheep and cattle grazing. Like similar histories in other settler societies, this story is well-known and has begun to be told in ways that centre the active role played by these animals in both aiding and resisting this colonising project. Yet the ways in which this frontier expansion related back to colonial cities is less widely recognised; pastoral expansion relied on settler cities, and limited export markets meant that beef and mutton glutted the markets in colonial cities. This article reveals how the movement of cattle and sheep (living, slaughtered and imagined) linked the pastoral frontier of New South Wales (the oldest Australian colony) to Sydney (the major city of the colony) and then to Britain. Exploring the movement (physical and imagined) of meat and livestock reveals the extent of the impact of settler pastoralism in new ways.
Self-consistent Strong Screening Applied to Thermonuclear Reactions
Authors: Grayson Christopher , Yang Cheng Tao , Formanek Martin , Rafelski Johann
Published: November 2024

Self-consistent strong plasma screening around light nuclei is implemented in the Big Bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) epoch to determine the short-range screening potential, e
ϕ(r)/T ≥ 1, relevant for thermonuclear reactions. We numerically solve the nonlinear Poisson–Boltzmann equation incorporating Fermi–Dirac statistics, adopting a generalized screening mass to find the electric potential in the cosmic BBN electron–positron plasma for finite-sized α particles (4He++) as an example. Although the plasma follows Boltzmann statistics at large distances, Fermi–Dirac statistics is necessary when work performed by ions on electrons is comparable to their rest-mass energy. While self-consistent strong screening effects are generally minor owing to the high BBN temperatures, they can enhance the fusion rates of high-Z (Z > 2) elements while leaving fusion rates of lower-Z (Z ≤ 2) elements relatively unaffected. Our results also reveal a pronounced spatial dependence of the self-consistent strong screening potential near the nuclear surface. These findings about the electron–positron plasma’s role refine BBN theory predictions and offer broader applications for studying weakly coupled plasmas in diverse cosmic and laboratory settings.
The ALMA-CRISTAL Survey: Spatially Resolved Star Formation Activity and Dust Content in 4 < z < 6 Star-forming Galaxies
Authors: Li Juno , Da Cunha Elisabete , González-López Jorge , Aravena Manuel , De Looze Ilse , Förster Schreiber N. M. , Herrera-Camus Rodrigo , Spilker Justin , Tadaki Ken-ichi , Barcos-Munoz Loreto , Battisti Andrew J. , Birkin Jack E. , Bowler Rebecca A. A. , Davies Rebecca , Díaz-Santos Tanio , Ferrara Andrea , Fisher Deanne B. , Hodge Jacqueline , Ikeda Ryota , Killi Meghana , Lee Lilian , Liu Daizhong , Lutz Dieter , Mitsuhashi Ikki , Naab Thorsten , Posses Ana , Relaño Monica , Solimano Manuel , Übler Hannah , van der Giessen Stefan Anthony , Villanueva Vicente
Published: November 2024

Using a combination of Hubble Space Telescope (HST), JWST, and Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) data, we perform spatially resolved spectral energy distributions (SED) fitting of fourteen 4 < z < 6 ultraviolet (UV)-selected main-sequence galaxies targeted by the ALMA Large Program [C ii] Resolved ISM in Star-forming Galaxies. We consistently model the emission from stars and dust in ∼0.5–1 kpc spatial bins to obtain maps of their physical properties. We find no offsets between the stellar masses (M
*) and star formation rates (SFRs) derived from their global emission and those from adding up the values in our spatial bins, suggesting there is no bias of outshining by young stars on the derived global properties. We show that ALMA observations are important to derive robust parameter maps because they reduce the uncertainties in L
dust (hence, AV
and SFR). Using these maps, we explore the resolved star-forming main sequence for z ∼ 5 galaxies, finding that this relation persists in typical star-forming galaxies in the early Universe. We find less obscured star formation where the M
* (and SFR) surface densities are highest, typically in the central regions, contrary to the global relation between these parameters. We speculate this could be caused by feedback driving gas and dust out of these regions. However, more observations of IR luminosities with ALMA are needed to verify this. Finally, we test empirical SFR prescriptions based on the UV+IR and [C ii] line luminosity, finding they work well at the scales probed (approximately kiloparsec). Our work demonstrates the usefulness of joint HST-, JWST-, and ALMA-resolved SED modeling analyses at high redshift.
The Ancient Star Formation History of the Extremely Low-mass Galaxy Leo P: An Emerging Trend of a Post-reionization Pause in Star Formation
Authors: McQuinn Kristen B. W. , Newman Max J. B. , Skillman Evan D. , Telford O. Grace , Brooks Alyson , Adams Elizabeth A. K. , Berg Danielle A. , Boyer Martha L. , Cannon John M. , Dolphin Andrew E. , Pahl Anthony J. , Rhode Katherine L. , Salzer John J. , Cohen Roger E. , Goldman Steve R.
Published: November 2024

Isolated, low-mass galaxies provide the opportunity to assess the impact of reionization on their star formation histories (SFHs) without the ambiguity of environmental processes associated with massive host galaxies. There are very few isolated, low-mass galaxies that are close enough to determine their SFHs from resolved star photometry reaching below the oldest main-sequence turnoff. The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has increased the volume for which this is possible, and here we report on JWST observations of the low-mass, isolated galaxy Leo P. From NIRCam imaging in F090W, F150W, and F277W, we derive an SFH that shows early star formation followed by a pause subsequent to the Epoch of Reionization, which is then later followed by a reignition of star formation. This is very similar to the SFHs from previous studies of other dwarf galaxies in the “transition zone” between quenched very-low-mass galaxies and the more massive galaxies that show no evidence of the impact of reionization on their SFHs; this pattern is rarely produced in simulations of SFHs. The lifetime SFH reveals that Leo P’s stellar mass at the Epoch of Reionization was in the range that is normally associated with being totally quenched. The extended pause in star formation from z ∼ 5 to 1 has important implications for the contribution of low-mass galaxies to the ultraviolet photon budget at intermediate redshifts. We also demonstrate that, due to higher sensitivity and angular resolution, observing in two NIRCam short-wavelength filters is superior to observing in a combination of a short- and a long-wavelength filter.
A NICER View of PSR J1231−1411: A Complex Case
Authors: Salmi Tuomo , Deneva Julia S. , Ray Paul S. , Watts Anna L. , Choudhury Devarshi , Kini Yves , Vinciguerra Serena , Cromartie H. Thankful , Wolff Michael T. , Arzoumanian Zaven , Bogdanov Slavko , Gendreau Keith , Guillot Sebastien , Ho Wynn C. G. , Morsink Sharon M. , Cognard Ismaël , Guillemot Lucas , Theureau Gilles , Kerr Matthew
Published: November 2024

Recent constraints on neutron star mass and radius have advanced our understanding of the equation of state (EOS) of cold dense matter. Some of them have been obtained by modeling the pulses of three millisecond X-ray pulsars observed by the Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER). Here, we present a Bayesian parameter inference for a fourth pulsar, PSR J1231−1411, using the same technique with NICER and XMM-Newton data. When applying a broad mass-inclination prior from radio timing measurements and the emission region geometry model that can best explain the data, we find likely converged results only when using a limited radius prior. If limiting the radius to be consistent with the previous observational constraints and EOS analyses, we infer the radius to be 12.6 ± 0.3 km and the mass to be

1.04

−
0.03

+
0.05

M
⊙, each reported as the posterior credible interval bounded by the 16% and 84% quantiles. If using an uninformative prior but limited between 10 and 14 km, we find otherwise similar results, but

R

eq

=

13.5

−
0.5

+
0.3

km for the radius. In both cases, we find a nonantipodal hot region geometry where one emitting spot is at the equator or slightly above, surrounded by a large colder region, and where a noncircular hot region lies close to southern rotational pole. If using a wider radius prior, we only find solutions that fit the data significantly worse. We discuss the challenges in finding the better fitting solutions, possibly related to the weak interpulse feature in the pulse profile.
Gamma-Ray Burst Interaction with the Circumburst Medium: The CBM Phase Following the Prompt Phase in GRBs
Authors: Pe’er Asaf , Ryde Felix
Published: November 2024

Progenitor stars of long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) could be surrounded by a significant and complex nebula structure lying at a parsec-scale distance. After the initial release of energy from the GRB jet, the jet will interact with this nebula environment. We show here that for a large, plausible parameter space region, the interaction between the jet blast wave and the wind termination (reverse) shock is expected to be weak, and may be associated with a precursor emission. As the jet blast wave encounters the contact discontinuity separating the shocked wind and the shocked interstellar medium, we find that a bright flash of synchrotron emission from the newly formed reverse shock is produced. This flash is expected to be observed at around ∼100 s after the initial explosion and precursor. Such a delayed emission thus constitutes a circumburst medium (CBM) phase in a GRB, having a physically distinct origin from the preceding prompt phase and the succeeding afterglow phase. The CBM phase emission may thus provide a natural explanation for bursts observed to have a precursor followed by an intense, synchrotron-dominated main episode that is found in a substantial minority, ∼10% of GRBs. A correct identification of the emission phase is thus required to infer the properties of the flow and of the immediate environment around GRB progenitors.
Identifying the Origin of Fast Radio Burst–Associated X-Ray Bursts with X-Ray Polarization
Authors: Zhong Shu-Qing , Li Long , Zhang Biao , Dai Zi-Gao
Published: November 2024

The origin of an extraordinary X-ray burst (XRB) associated with a fast radio burst (FRB) such as FRB 20200428 is still unclear, though several models, such as the emission of a trapped fireball modified by resonant cyclotron scattering, the outflow from a polar trapped-expanding fireball, and the synchrotron radiation of a far-away relativistic shock, have been proposed. To determine which model is true, we study the possible X-ray polarization signature for each model, inspired by the importance of radio polarization in identifying the FRB origin. We first numerically simulate or calculate the XRB spectrum for each model and fit it to the observed data, then compute the corresponding polarization signal based on the fit. We find that these three models predict different polarization patterns in terms of phase/time and energy variations. The differences can be used to test the models with future X-ray polarization observations.
Dust Drift Timescales in Protoplanetary Disks at the Cusp of Gravitational Instability
Authors: Williams Jonathan P. , Painter Caleb , Anderson Alexa R. , Ribas Alvaro
Published: November 2024

Millimeter emitting dust grains have sizes that make them susceptible to drift in protoplanetary disks due to the difference between their orbital speed and that of the gas. The characteristic drift timescale depends on the surface density of the gas. By comparing disk radius measurements from Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array CO and continuum observations at millimeter wavelengths, the gas surface density profile and dust drift time can be self-consistently determined. We find that profiles which match the measured dust mass have very short drift timescales, an order of magnitude or more shorter than the stellar age, whereas profiles for disks that are on the cusp of gravitational instability, defined via the minimum value of the Toomre parameter,

Q

min

∼
1
−
2

, have drift timescales comparable to the stellar lifetime. This holds for disks with masses of dust ≳5 M
⊕ across a range of absolute ages from less than 1 Myr to over 10 Myr. The inferred disk masses scale with stellar mass as

M

disk

≈

M

*

/

5

Q

min

. This interpretation of the gas and dust disk sizes simultaneously solves two long standing issues regarding the dust lifetime and exoplanet mass budget, and suggests that we consider millimeter wavelength observations as a window into an underlying population of particles with a wide size distribution in secular evolution with a massive planetesimal disk.
Asteroseismology of One of the Most Rapidly Rotating DBV Stars: EPIC 248705247
Authors: Zhang Jiayi , Fu Jianning , Cang Tianqi , Su Jie , Chen Yanhui , Ma Xiaoyu , Meng Gang
Published: November 2024

We present a comprehensive analysis of oscillations of the helium-rich white dwarf DBV star EPIC 248705247 (SDSS J102106.69+082724.8). We extract the light curves from 79.7 days of K2 Campaign 14 data and identify 21 independent frequencies, including three complete and three incomplete dipole modes, with an average frequency splitting of 20.37 ± 0.40 μHz. Our analyses reveal a rotation period of EPIC 248705247 of approximately 6.82 ± 0.07 hr, making it one of the most rapidly rotating DBV stars currently known. We utilize the White Dwarf Evolution Code (WDEC) to compute models to look for the seismic best-fitted model, yielding the following stellar parameters: M/M
⊙ = 0.650 ± 0.003, T
eff = 23,660 ± 68 K,

log
(

M

env

/

M

*

)
=
−
2.01
±
0.01

and

log
(

M

He

/

M

*

)

=
−
4.90
±
0.05

. We also explore the phenomenon of mode trapping, as well as the potential influence of a weak magnetic field. We find that this star is located near the red edge of the theoretical instability strip of DBVs. Hence, our asteroseismological analysis of EPIC 248705247 provides the properties and behaviors of a rapidly rotating DBV.
Examining the Relationship between the Persistent Emission and the Accretion Rate during a Type I X-Ray Burst
Authors: Speicher J. , Ballantyne D. R. , Fragile P. C.
Published: November 2024

The accretion flow onto a neutron star will be impacted by irradiation from a type I X-ray burst. The burst radiation exerts Poynting–Robertson (PR) drag on the accretion disk, leading to an enhanced mass accretion rate. Observations of X-ray bursts often find evidence that the normalization of the disk-generated persistent emission (commonly denoted by the factor f

a
) increases during a burst, and changes in f

a
have been used to infer the evolution of the mass accretion rate due to PR drag. Here, we examine this proposed relationship between f

a
and mass accretion rate enhancement using time-resolved data from simulations of accretion disks impacted by type I X-ray bursts. We consider bursts from both spinning and nonspinning neutron stars and track both the change in accretion rate due to PR drag and the disk emission spectra during the burst. Regardless of the neutron star spin, we find that f

a
strongly correlates with the disk temperature and only weakly follows the mass accretion rate (the Pearson correlation coefficients are ≤0.63 in the latter case). Additionally, heating causes the disk to emit at higher energies, reducing its contribution to a soft excess. We conclude that f

a
cannot accurately capture the mass accretion rate enhancement and is rather a tracer of the disk temperature.