bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
1229 – What About Antenatal Depressive Symptoms Correlates/risk Factors?
Authors: Marques M. , Pereira A.T. , Maia B. , Bos S. , Soares M.J. , Valente J. , Nogueira V. , Madeira N. , Roque C. , Pinto de Azevedo H. , Macedo A.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

In comparison with postnatal depressive symptoms, few studies considered antenatal depressive symptoms risk factors/correlates.

Objectives/aims

In a multidimensional work our aim was to explore the associations/predictive role of lifetime and current pregnancy variables for antenatal depressive symptoms.

Methods

Two hundred and thirty six women (M = 30.5; SD =4.02; variation = 19-41), at the third pregnancy trimester were interviewed with the DIGS/OPCRIT (to make lifetime/current depression diagnoses) and answered a booklet about sociodemographic variables, lifetime/current insomnia, current stress perception, perception of being an anxious person, gynecological variables, past health perception and pregnancy health problems, among others. They filled in the Profile of Mood States to assess anxious symptoms, Negative and Positive affect and the Postpartum Depression Screening Scale (PDSS) to assess antenatal depressive symptoms at pregnancy. Women with a depression diagnosis (DSM-IV/ICD-10, n =5) and on sleep medication at pregnancy were excluded from the analyses.

Results

We found significant associations between antenatal depressive symptoms (PDSS total score), current job situation, perception of being an anxious person, lifetime history of depression (DSM-IV/ICD-10), past health perception, health problems at current pregnancy, stress perception at pregnancy, lifetime and current insomnia, anxious symptoms at pregnancy, Negative and Positive affect. In an hierarquical multiple regression past health perception, negative affect, positive affect and current insomnia were significant predictors of antenatal depressive symptoms.

Conclusions

Past health perception, negative affect (anxious and depressive symptoms) and insomnia at current pregnancy seem to be risk factors/correlates for the outcome. Positive affect seems to work as a protective correlate.
1230 – Selective Attention And Cognitive Decline In Institutionalized Elderly
Authors: Almeida R. , Marques M. , Espírito Santo H. , Moitinho S. , Vigário V. , Pena I. , Matreno J. , Rodrigues F. , Antunes E. , Simões D. , Costa A. , Correia A.R. , Pimentel A.S. , Alves V. , Nascimento T. , Costa M. , Tomaz M. , Caldas L. , Ferreira L. , Simões S. , Guadalupe S. , Lemos L. , Daniel F.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

When cognitive decline (CD) is present, attention is one of the impaired mental functions. CD is also associated with anxious/depressive symptoms and with some demographic variables, particularly, age.

Objectives

Investigate the associations between selective attention (Stroop Test: Stroop_Word, Stroop_Color, Difference between Stroop_Word and Stroop_Color, Stroop Ratio_Word, Stroop Ratio_Color and Difference between Stroop Ratio_Word and Stroop Ratio_ Color) and CD (Montreal Cognitive Assessment/MoCA) in institutionalized elders; explore the predictive value of Stroop variables for CD, controlling anxious/depressive symptoms and sociodemographic variables.

Methods

140 institutionalized elders (mean age, M = 78.4, SD = 7.48, range = 60-97) voluntarily answered to sociodemographic questions, the MoCA, the Geriatric Anxiety Inventory/GAI, the Geriatric Depression Scale/GDS and Stroop test.

Results

73 elders (52, 1%) had CD. Dichotomized MoCA was associated with Stroop_Word, Stroop_Color, Stroop Ratio_Word, Stroop Ratio_Color, GDS and the sociodemographic variable schooling × profession. Age and education were not tested, since MoCA was stratified according to those variables. GDS, Stroop Ratio_Word and Stroop Ratio_Color showed to predict CD.

Conclusions

There was an association between Stroop_Word, Stroop_Color, Stroop Ratio_Word and Stroop Ratio_Color and CD, confirming that selective attention is smaller when the elderly reveal CD. GDS and CD were, also, associated. However, there was no association between MoCA dichotomized and differences between the correct answers (Stroop_Word and Stroop_Color) and Ratios (Stroop Ratio_Word and Stroop Ratio_Color). Selective attention and depressive symptoms predicted CD. It would be important to intervene through cognitive rehabilitation with the elders to improve their attention.
1241 – Beliefs And Attituted Toward Supervision In Cognitive Behavioral Therapy In Different Stages Of Cbt Training
Authors: Vyskocilova J. , Prasko J.
Published: July 2013

Objective

Psychotherapy requires clinical supervision. This is systematic guidance of a therapist by a supervisor. Inevitably, there is a question of training new high-quality therapists. This is related to supervision of their basic training. Beliefs and attitudes toward supervision in CBT could change during CBT training.

Aims

Our study was concentrated in mapping of the expectations from supervision of participants of CBT training in two different phases of training course (after 1st year of the training and after 4th year of the training) and expectation from supervision in participants of training in CBT supervision. As an assessment tool was used the Attitudes and Beliefs about Supervision Scale (ABSS). The expectations of probands with different experience in supervisor were compared to find out the similarities and the differences of the expectations.

Results

The results showed that the students of Supervisory training (n=16) stress especially self-reflection and structure of supervision, Beginners in CBT training (n=36) stress counseling and planning of therapeutic strategies, and Advanced in CBT training (n=34) prefer higher understanding of transference and conter-transference and learning according the model. Surprisingly the self-reflection and therapeutic relation were evaluated as a most important by all groups.

Supported by grant IGA MZ CR NT 11047-4/2010.
1243 – Blood-borne Virus Testing In a Maximum Secure Psychiatric Hospital
Authors: Mortlock A.-M. , Mirowska L. , Garcia V. , Cohen A. , Sengupta S.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

Little evidence is available on the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immuno deficiency virus (HIV) in mentally ill populations. In April 2012 routine offering of testing for HBV, HCV and HIV of all individuals admitted at Broadmoor, a maximum secure psychiatric hospital, was introduced.

Objectives

To elicit screening rates of, and to determine the prevalence of HBV, HCV and HIV in the inpatient population at Broadmoor Hospital.

Aims

To critically assess the identification process of blood-borne viruses (BBV) in order to improve patient care.

Methods

Retrospective data collection via the electronic patient record (EMIS) ascertained the proportion of the 198 inpatients offered screening and ultimately tested for HBV, HCV and HIV inclusive from April 1st 2012 to September 22nd 2012.

Results

The proportion offered screening for HBV was 95% (189); for HCV was 94.9% (188) and for HIV was 92.9% (184). 129 patients were screened in each hepatitis group and 123 in the HIV group. Within the population of Broadmoor were three cases of HCV, one with HIV and zero with HBV.

Conclusions

This is a group at high risk for BBV infection and with a length of stay of up to five to six years it is important to identify those infected in order to instigate treatment and mitigate risk to both patients and staff. This study demonstrates rigorous screening for BBV is critical and will therefore necessarily impact on planning services for the future.
1244 – Bipolar Depression Rating Scale (bdrs): Psychometric Characteristics Of The Italian Validation
Authors: Bruschi A. , Calò S. , Camardese G. , Grandinetti P. , Palumbo C. , Pizi G. , Mandelli L. , Serretti A. , Berk M. , Di Sciascio G. , Janiri L.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

The scales for the assessment of depressive symptoms, translated and validated in Italian, lacks in the recognition of the psychopathological nuances of the disorder. The Bipolar Depression Rating Scale (BDRS) is a tool specifically built to reflect the characteristics of bipolar depression.

Methods

Screening criteria:

-

aged 18–65 years

-

diagnosis of BD (DSM-IV-TR) (125 patients) or

-

diagnosis of MDD (DSM-IV-TR) (30 patients)

-

manifestation of depressive symptoms

-

no further psychiatric comorbidity on axis I and axis II (including abuse/addiction)

-

no serious cognitive deficits

Psychometric battery:

Bipolar Depression Rating Scale (BDRS),

Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D),

Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS),

Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS).

Results

The analysis of the BDRS scores, according to the Kolmogorov-Smimov method shows a normal distribution; the α Cronbach's coefficient shows that the the scale, in its Italian version, has considerable validity and reliability (r = 0.82). The factor analysis was verified using the Varimax rotational method: after several tests, we found 2 subscales, one linked to mixed/depressive symptoms and a second related to (hypo)manic symptoms.

Conclusions

The BDRS is a valid scale for the measurement of depression in patients with Bipolar Disorder, with a notable internal consistency (Cronbach α 0.82), a significant consistency between items/total (Cronbach α from 0.80 to 0.82) and positive correlation with other scales (MADRS r 0.67, p < 0.001; HAM-D r 0.81, p < 0.001; YMRS r 0.46 p < 0.0001), including the Young Mania Rating Scale (better than the original validation sample Berk et al., 2007).
1247 – The Role Of Modern Antipsychotics In Correction Of Neurocognitive Deficit In Schizophrenia Patients
Authors: Sofronov A. , Spikina A. , Savelyev A.
Published: July 2013

Schizophrenia is a chronic psychotic disease which occurs as a rule in young patients and often leads to their disability. A long time it was thought that a neurocognitive deficit in schizophrenia patients is unremediable but introduction of atypical antipsychotics in the therapy of schizophrenia shows us a principal possibility of its correction. It also shows that neurocognitive deficit is a plastic heteronomous phenomenon in the structure of psychopathology.

The aim of our study was to show the influence of the atypical antipsychotics and drugs which have influence on sigma receptors on the neurocognitive deficit in schizophrenia patients.

Material and methods

For our investigation we observed 167 patients with paranoid schizophrenia according to the criteria of ICD 10. Patients were randomized into 3 groups. Patients of 1st group (n = 52) received sertindole monotherapy 16–20 mg per day, patients of 2nd group (n = 67) received paliperidone 9–12 mg per day and fluvoxamine in combination with zuclopenthixole depot 150–200 mg per day.

Results

Social functioning in patients with schizophrenia significantly improved in all three groups especially in group №3. We suppose that it was connected with activating activity of fluvoxamine.

Conclusion

Thus the results of the study indicate the significance of differences of dynamics of neurocognitive deficit in schizophrenia and the importance of choice of biological therapy for correction of neurocognitive deficit in patients with schizophrenia.The use of modern atypical antipsychotics and drugs which can influence on sigma-receptors can restore the social functioning in young patients with schizophrenia.
1250 – Personal And Emotional Features Of Adolescents With Internet-addictive Behavior
Authors: Malygin V. , Iskandirova A. , Khomeriki N. , Smirnova E. , Antonenko A. , Merkurieva Y. , Malygin Y.
Published: July 2013

The aim of this study was to investigate personal and emotional features of the adolescents with the Internet-addictive behavior.

Material

The sample comprised 542 adolescents with 218 females (40,2%) and 324 males (59,8%). The mean age was 15,5 years. The main experimental group (46 adolescents) included only those respondents who had high levels of Internet addiction combined with the objective data from the questionnaire. The control group consisted of adolescents with no signs of Internet-dependent behavior of comparable age and sex (213 adolescents).

Results

The group of adolescents with Internet-addictive behavior revealed the predominance cyclothymic, labile, asthenoneurotic, sensory, anxiety-pedantic, introverted, excitable, demonstrative and unstable types. We suggest that when characterological traits reach a level of accentuation, that becomes the factor associated with the formation of Internetaddictive behavior. The adolescents with problems of using the Internet show the general emotional instability, the tendency to experience the polar emotions simultaneously; they are excitable and have the aggressive style of communication. One of the main features of their characters is sensitivity to the danger, anxiety that caused the need to escape from the “harsh” reality. It could also be proposed that the adolescents with Internet addictive behavior separate emotions and cognitions, physicality and mentality. They isolate their own feelings and attach greater importance to the intellect. That cause the feeling of themselves as the subjects, more to do with information than with emotions, which could be poorly understood and classified.
1258 – Quality Of Life Of War Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder In Bosnia-herzegovina
Authors: Hasanović M. , Sinanović O. , Izet P. , Esmina A. , Frančišković T.
Published: July 2013

Aim

To analyze the quality of life (QoL) of war veterans in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH) with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), to analyze the interrelationship of certain segments of the quality of life and intensity of symptoms of PTSD and to analyze the interrelation of individual segments of the quality of life and overall functionality of the war veterans with PTSD.

Method

The paper analyzed the 60 war veterans who were treated at the Department for Psychiatry Tuzla, in the period March-August, 2007, and who were diagnosed with PTSD. The control group comprised of the 60 war veterans employed as active military personnel in the Army of BH, who were not on the screening test showed that they have PTSD and who were not psychiatric treated. QoL was assessed with standardized scale The Manchester brief assessment of the QoL, and the level of severity of PTSD symptoms and the presence of PTSD at the time of the interview was assessed with Harvard trauma questionnaire, combined versions for Bosnia and Herzegovina and for Croatia.

Results

The results of this survey indicate that the war veterans with PTSD had significantly worse QoL across all domains, as measured in almost total in relation to veterans who do not have PTSD. All individual symptoms and clusters of PTSD symptoms were negatively correlated with self-assessment of all segments of the QoL of war veterans.

Conclusions

The war veterans in post-war BH with PTSD had significantly worse QoL across all domains, related to veterans without PTSD.
1265 – Counselling For Women Suffering From Breast Cancer In Support Groups
Authors: Cozaru G.C. , Sandu M.L. , Papari A.C. , Papari A.
Published: July 2013

Breast cancer is, as we well know, a complex and traumatizing disease, considered to be a systemic one ever since its diagnosis. Facing a diagnosis of breast cancer is often equivalent to facing death itself, which leads to the emergence of powerful emotions which often seem to get out of control. This requires psychological assistance which should be what oncology patients turn to. The support group is a more or less formal environment which offers its members the chance to reduce the disease-related stress and the seclusion which occurs in the case of numerous survivors and co-survivors, a place where they can share fears and worries with other people with similar experiences, who understand what they are going through. It is important to underline the fact that these groups, while they are not a substitute for breast cancer treatment, are however extremely auspicious, being a way to mediate contact and sharing of experience among survivors and co-survivors in the fight against the disease. Asking for help proves that you want to fight for your life and to be ready to deal with the situation.
1276 – Anxiety And Depression In Patients With Chronic Hepatitis c Receiving Interferon-alpha Therapy
Authors: Papari A.C. , Cozaru G.C. , Papari A.
Published: July 2013

The existing studies point to a prevalence of clinical significant symptoms of depression and anxiety in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients are only scarcely investigated.

The present study aims to determine the frequency with which depression and anxiety occur in patients with CHC after receiving interferon-alpha therapy. The clinical and social implications are severe and the concurrent psychiatric disorders may lead to increased morbidity and impaired quality of life.

We searched for some socio-demographic and medical variables and we followed the relationship between depression and age, disease duration and duration of treatment.

Were studied two groups of patients: a group of 40 patients diagnosed with CHC during interferon-alpha therapy for up to 6 months and a control group of 40 patients, newly diagnosed with CHC. We applied the Beck Depression Inventory to assess depression, and State Trait Anxiety Inventory to assess anxiety.

In contrast to the untreated reference group, we found significantly increased scores for depression (p < .001) and anxiety (p < .001) during interferon-alpha therapy in the treatment group. In both groups we found higher levels of anxiety than average, suggesting that this is a greater extent associated with CHC.

The treatment of co-morbid depression should follow the usual clinical guidelines and in case of major depression, or when clinically significant anxiety is present, a pharmacological approach should be made.

Based on these results, we conclude that screening for depression and anxiety should be carried out routinely as part of quality of care improvement in CHC individuals.
1282 – Sleep Disturbances And Parkinson's Disease In a Hospital Setting In Romania
Authors: Dumitru M.M. , Andrei R. , Botezatu C. , Popescu C.D. , Chirita V. , Chirita R.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

Sleep disturbance is common among patients with Parkinson's disease and occurs in approximately two thirds of patients.

Objectives

The main objective of this study was to examine the prevalence of sleep disturbances in patients with Parkinson's disease in Romania.

Aims

To asses risk factors associated with excessive daytime sleepiness and nocturnal sleep disorders.

Methods

44 consecutive inpatients with Parkinson's disease (41% females) were included in a study of non-motor symptoms, including sleep disturbances. All participants responded to the Parkinson's Disease Sleep Scale (PDSS), where an overall score below 82 or a score below 5 on a sub-item indicate sleep disturbances. Factors associated with sleep were also investigated, with special emphasis on severity of Parkinson's disease, fatigue, mental health and restless legs syndrome (RLS).

Results

The mean age was 67.8 years (range 35-74); the mean Hoehn and Yahr stage was 2.4 (SD 0.8), and the mean UPDRS part III was 22.6 (SD 11.5). Sleep disturbances were common among patients with Parkinson's disease. While only 17% of the sample had an overall score below 82 on the PDSS, 70% of the patients had a score below 5 on one item. There was no significant association between Parkinson's disease severity and any of the sleep items in the PDSS.

Conclusions

The current findings call for increased awareness of sleep problems in patients with Parkinson's disease, especially focusing on the association with mental health problems, fatigue and RLS.
1287 – Nutritional Status As Measured By Bmi And Mci-to-dementia Progression In 24 Months Observation
Authors: Magierski R. , Fendler W. , Sobow T.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

Lower baseline BMI has been associated with more rapid cognitive decline in MCI [Cronk B et al., 2010] while data considering risk of progression to an overt dementia is lacking.

Objective

To examine the potential relationship between baseline BMI and changes in BMI over time and the risk of MCI-todementia progression.

Methods

Fifty four subjects with MCI were observed longitudinally over the period of 24 months. BMI was measured at baseline and yearly. Demographic and clinical (including the presence of concomitant somatic diseases and neuropsychiatric symptoms) data was collected at baseline. After conducting univariate comparisons, factors which p was < 0,15 were entered into multivariate models.

Results

Subjects with MCI who progressed to dementia had lower BMI at baseline (mean values 19,6 vs 22,5; p< 0,001) and were losing more weight over time (mean values of BMI change over 2 years -1,3 vs -6,5; p< 0,001). In multivariate analysis higher baseline BMI remained as a protective factor (OR= 0,6; 95% CI 0,4-0,9) while losing weight over time (OR= 1,3; 95% CI 1,1-1,5) and apathy could be considered as risk factors. Interestingly the presence of apathy was correlated to lower BMI values both at baseline and over time.

Conclusion

Both lower baseline BMI and a tendency for continuing weight lost over time may be factors related to risk of MCI-to-dementia progression. Correlation of nutritional status measured by BMI with apathy merits further exploration.
1289 – The Burnout Syndrome Occurrence Among The Students Of The Medical University Of Silesia In Katowice, Poland
Authors: Urbański M. , Kukanova A. , Wincierz A. , Krysta K. , Krupka-Matuszczyk I.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

The essence of the burnout syndrome is defined as an simultaneous occurrence all of the following symptoms: emotional use-up, devalued view on own achievements and the depersonalization. It is most commonly observed in professions that require frequent contact to other people. Exhausting work above self-capabilities, the disability to deal with problems concerning the work environment combined with chronic stress they are considered to cause psychical and physical disorders, manifesting variously, e.g.: headaches, gastric upsets or persistent tiredness. Low self-esteem makes the human find himself incompetent and losing the point on the results of the regular tasks daily performed at a workplace.

Objectives

The objective of the study was to analyze the desribed above problem among medical students.

Methods

The group of 509 students during 2nd, 3rd, 5th and 6th year of study inc. 371 women and 138 men was examined. The poll had been compiled within 22 different questions concerning: establishing new relationships difficulties, tiredness persistence, perceiving and dealing with own problems capability, selfestimation strength or the psychosomatic symptoms presence.

Results

The respondents declared as follows - 50%+:persistent exhaustion right after the morning awakening, 29%: worsened relationship to closest group of family and friends, 21%: void of understanding by the nearest neighborhood, 79%: fear about first steps at the first workplace, 49%: inadequate competences to perform standalone profession tasks.

Conclusions

Although rather a small part of the students fit all three BS symptoms defined above, at some people two of them reach.
1293 – Informing About Pre-clinical Alzheimer's Disease In The Biomarker Era: Knowledge About The Disease As a Mediating Factor
Authors: Sobow T.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

Biomarker studies showed that the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) can be done already years before any clinical symptoms appear. Considering the lack of effective treatments, this scientific development becomes problematic in clinical practice.

Objective

To examine whether the level of knowledge about AD mediates potential wish for diagnosis to be revealed in a pre-clinical phase.

Method

The Alzheimer's Disease Knowledge Scale (ADKS; Carpenter et al., 2009) has been completed by 68 healthy (with no cognitive impairment) elderly (age 62-75), 49 caregivers (close relatives) of AD patients (age 42-74) and 96 medical students sample. After ADKS completion all participants were presented a leaflet showing possible tests they could underwent (PET-based amyloid imaging, CSF-based amyloid and tau measurements and genetic tests) to establish a possible AD diagnosis in its pre-clinical phase. Attitudes about possible AD disclosure were measured using semi-structured questionnaire.

Results

A wish to AD diagnosis disclosure, independently of the clinical scenario presented (presence of symptoms, close family member suffering from AD) and the group investigated, was higher among those who scored low on ADKS scale. AD relatives, although interested in possible prevention strategies, were highly hesitant about revealing they might have AD themselves.

Conclusion

The level of knowledge about AD may be associated with the decision to undergo diagnostic procedures to establish a pre-clinical diagnosis of AD. Lack of effective intervention probably determines potential patients attitudes.
1312 – Interparental Conflict And Adolescent Suicidality
Authors: Jelenova D. , Lacinova L. , Prasko J.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

High rate of suicidal behavior during adolescence draws the research attention. Numerous motives of suicide attempts were previously described; nevertheless most adolescents reported disturbed relationships with peers and parents. Family background seems to be important, especially the relationship between parents.

Objective

To examine suicidality in adolescents and recognize the risk factors, especially adolescents’perceptions of interparental conflict.

Aim

To explore risk factors associated with suicidality in adolescents, with regard to relationships within family, with friends and personality characteristics.

Methods

The sample consisted of 161 Czech students (14-16 years old) who anonymously completed four questionnaires: CPIC (Children’s Perception of Interparental Conflict Scale), IPPA (The Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment), PAQ (Personality Assessment Questionnaire), CASPI (Child-Adolescent Suicidal Potential Index).

Results

Very high level of psychosocial distress was found in 45 % of respondents, 25 % admitted suicidal ideation or a history of suicidal attempt. The perceived interparental conflict, not the divorce, was confirmed as the important aspect for higher suicidal risk in adolescents. The perceived threat (higher feelings of danger resulting from the conflict situation and inability to influence the conflict) is the main feature of interparental conflict responsible for child maladjustment. Statistically significant differences between suicidal and non-suicidal adolescents were also found in the level of felt security in relationship with their mother, father and with peers. These groups differed in some personal characteristics too (aggressivity level, negative self-perception, emotional instability, and pessimism).

Conclusion

Results highlight potential targets for intervention among adolescents. Further research is needed to find sensitive predictors.
1327 – TYM (test Your Memory) a New, Sensitive Screening Instrument For Dementia -evaluating In Poland
Authors: Szczesniak D. , Wojtynska R. , Trypka E. , Rymaszewska J.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

The aging of the world population implies challenges in the area of diagnosis in geriatric psychiatry.

Objectives

The Test Your Memory (TYM) is a short cognitive instrument designed for the detection of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Its diagnostic utility for application in Polish clinical practice was evaluated in the study.

Aims

The Polish version of TYM as a screening instrument in AD and MCI patients versus healthy control subjects were evaluated.

Methods

In this study 66 patients with probable AD (mean age 74,4 ± 9,1), 71 patients with MCI (mean age 66,3 ± 10) and 94 healthy controls (mean age 71,6 ± 8,3) were assessed. The Polish version of TYM was used after receiving permission from the author and conducting translation and validation process.

Results

The average total TYM score were 45.4 in healthy controls, 41.1 in MCI patients and 23.4 in AD patients. The statistical analysis illustrated that TYM differentiate the AD patients from MCI patients, as well as from healthy control group. Nevertheless, it was found that the tool was not useful in conducting the differential diagnosis between MCI patients and healthy controls. Post hoc testing showed significant impairment in performance for participants aged ≥ 75 and educated in primary level between those educated in secondary and higher level.

Conclusions

The Polish version of the TYM is a useful instrument and is seen as a superior screening test in clinical practice. However the age and the level of education of respondents should be considered as important factors affecting the interpretation of the final score.
1328 – Postradiation Intelligence Impairment
Authors: Loganovsky K.N. , Zdorenko L.L.
Published: July 2013

Background

Cognitive impairment in the remote period of Acute Radiation Sickness (ARS) is an expected outcome.

Aim

This study was undertaking to examine the contribution of irradiation on the intelligence deterioration.

Methods

In 14-15 years after the Chernobyl accident a cross-sectional IQ-study on ARS-patients (n = 29) and normal controls (n = 24) was done. Verbal (VIQ), Performance (PIQ) and Full (FIQ) IQs were assessed by adapted version of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS). Pre-exposure IQ was estimated with the regression equation by Dr. Beilin Gao (China).

Results

VIQ and FIQ is lower in ARS-patients. Dose of 1 Gy could be realized in FIQ deterioration on 4.1-6 scores at 1-3.8 Gy. FIQ reducing on 1 score could be resulted by 0.17-0.24 Gy. According to pre-exposure IQ estimations, IQ deterioration in ARS-patients is in 2-3 times much more than in control. In ARS-patients this IQ deterioration is significant (more than SD). Non-radiation confounding factors are analyzed.

Conclusions

Refusal of alternative explanations of the cognitive deficit among ARS-patients could testify to radiation nature of this effect. Reducing of VIQ and FIQ are the evidence of brain organic syndrome with paramount involvement of the left, dominating, hemisphere in the remote period of ARS.
1337 – Obsessive-compulsive Disorder And Hypochondriasis In Schizophrenic Patients Treated With Clozapine Vs Other Atypical Antipsychotics
Authors: Grassi G. , Pellegrini M. , Poli L. , Pallanti S.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

Despite the growing literature on the co-occurrence of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and schizophrenia, there is a lack of studies addressing the co-occurrence of OCD spectrum disorders, such as hypochondriasis, and schizophrenia.

Objectives and aims

The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence rates of OCD and Hypochondriasis in schizophrenic patients treated with clozapine versus other atypical antipsychotics (AAPs).

Methods

We enrolled 24 consecutive schizophrenic patients treated with clozapine attending the ‘Clozapine Clinic’ of the University of Florence and 24 consecutive schizophrenic patients treated with other AAPs. Patient’s assessment was performed with the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), the Hypochondriasis Y-BOCS (HY-BOCS) and the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF).

Results

Considering the whole group (n = 48), we found an OCD prevalence rate of 29.2% (n = 14) and a hypochondriasis prevalence rate of 22.9% (n = 11). We found a significant correlation between Y-BOCS and HY-BOCS scores (p = .007) suggesting an association between OCD and hypochondriasis in these patients. We also found a significant negative correlation between H-YBOCS scores and GAF scores (p = .006). Clozapine-treated patients had a higher rate of OCD (37.5% vs 20.8%). and hypochondriasis (37.5% vs 8.3%) than other AAP-treated patients.

Conclusions

We found a higher prevalence rate of OCD and hypochondriasis comorbidity in schizophrenic patients than in general population. The prevalence rate of OCD and hypochondriasis was higher in clozapine-treated patients versus other AAP-treated patients. Furthermore, the severity of hypochondriasis symptoms was correlated to a lower level of global functioning.
1338 – A Multidimensional Assessment Of Decision-making In Anorexia-nervosa
Authors: Guillaume S. , Adoue C. , Jaussent I. , Beziat S. , Van den Eynde F. , Olié E. , Courtet P.
Published: July 2013

Background

Anorexia nervosa (AN) has been inconsistently associated with impaired decision-making. Several methodological issues may underlie these discrepancies such as comorbid conditions or the assessment of this complex cognitive function with a single test.

Method

Sixty-eight adult women suffering from AN and 49 female controls were included. All completed a clinical assessment and a battery of neuropsychological tests assessing specific aspect of decision-making [IGT, Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART), Probabilistic Reversal Learning Task (PRLT) and Brixton Test].

Results

People with AN had poorer performance on the IGT and Brixton task, compared to controls. In addition, the AN group made less risky choices on the BART. Performances were similar on PRLT. Of importance, AN patients with a current major depressive disorder showed similar results to those with no current major depressive disorder.

Conclusion

These results suggest broad impaired decision making-process in people with AN characterized by inhibition in risk-taking and mismanagement of uncertainty. These impairments seem not related to mood
1345 – Strategy Management Of Psychiatric Inpatients In a Closed Ward Of a Study About Two Years At The e s h Psychiatry, Tizi-ouzou, Algeria
Authors: Messaoudi A. , Saidene K. , Seklaoui S. , Ziri A.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

Our work is a statistical study of the service closed EHS OUED AISSI on involuntary admissions for 24 months (2010–2011), hospitalized patients “ngerous”hich requires a program of support particular.

Objectives

Analyze the different characteristics of hospitalized patients.

Study modes most - frequent hospitalizations.

Evaluation of the notion of repeating the conduct forensic.

Improved quality of care for hospitalized patient’s long term.

Study period: two years.

Materials and methods

The department closed the EHS OUED AISSI on involuntary admissions for 24 months (2010-2011). The total sample of 58 patients.

Results

50% of hospitalized patients are aged between 31 and 40 years and 82.75% are male.

93.10% of hospitalizations were involuntary admissions.

The majority of patients (89.65%) are not working, and 79.31% are single.

41.37% of patients have a primary education and 56.89% have a high socio-economic means.

The reason for hospitalization most common (50% of cases) is conduct disorder with straight aggression and 17.24% have a history of prison.

37.93% of patients have a history of addictive behavior.

The diagnosis of Paranoid Schizophrenia is placed in 65.51% of patients.

Conclusion

In society should always seek a balance between health and social justice that is to say between prison psychiatric hospital and social inclusion.

The hospital closed in the service is a means of protection and care for patients classified as dangerous for themselves and for society.

The psychiatrist must be at the interface between medicine and justice, in its psycho-social dimension.
1346 – Frequency Of Pathological Use Of The Internet In Academics Of Psychology
Authors: Medeiros H. , Lourenço W.L.
Published: July 2013

The objective of this work was to investigate the frequency of pathological use of the internet in academics of Psychology. They announced 214 students of the first to the tenth periods, with medium age 26,44 years old, in most, women, singles, that don’t work. For collection of datas a questionnaire was used elaborated with base in the studies of Young (1996) and Abreu (2006) approaching: datas iodemographic; the criterions developed by Young (1996) to differentiate dependent of not dependent of Internet, subjects approaching characteristics of the use of Internet; besides Internet Addiction Test (IAT), Young (1996). The frequency of pathological use of Internet was of 4,67% (dependent “f = 10”). Among the criterions, it was the control of the time of use, the largest limitation, being: 40,7% use larger than the programmed and 15,1% make an effort to control the time on-line; 13,6% told excessive concern with Internet. Analyzing IAT, the medium punctuation was 19,26, being: 36,5% light dependence; 3,7% moderate; 0,5% severe. Of the total sample, 44,9% presented some due problem the use of Internet: occupationals 12,6%, academics 9,8% and affectives 8,9%. On the used tools: 98,1% use emails, 68,4% groups of announces and 76,9% chat room. Practically all, 99,5% use Internet there is more than 3 years, and (48,8%) it stays connected more than 5 hours a week. The conclusions appear for the need of continuity of the studies, in a bio-psico-social perspective, for the damages noticed in the different sections.
1349 – Evidence Of Neurophysiological Distinction Between Schizophrenia And Schizoaffective Disorder
Authors: Zaytseva Y. , Garakh Z. , Kapranova A. , Gurovich I.Y. , Strelets V.B.
Published: July 2013

Background

To date, studies investigating the neurobiological basis of distinction between schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder are rare, although patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder demonstrate different clinical and functional outcomes.

Methods

We analysed the EEG parameters (spectral power and coherence) in resting state and while performance of the arithmetical task (subsequent subtraction from 200-7) in 32 patients with first episode of schizophrenia (SCH, n = 32), 32 patients with frist episode of schizoaffective disorder (SAD, n = 32) and healthy controls (HC, n = 40).

Results

In resting state in SCH spectral power (SP) of theta and gamma band was higher, and lower in alpha band comparing to HC. In SAD SP was higher only in beta2 band in contrast to HC. Coherence in resting state in SAD was higher comparing to HC as well as SCH in prefrontal areas in theta band and in the posterior regions in fast frequency bands (gamma1 and gamma2). Comparison of task performance with resting state in HC showed increase of SP in theta and gamma bands in anterior midline sites with synchronous increase of coherence in prefrontal areas. In SCH reduced SP of theta, alpha and beta bands and decreased coherence in all bands was obtained. In SAD we observed elevation of SP in gamma band as well as increase of coherence in all frequency bands except theta band.

Conclusions

Our findings indicate the neurophysiological distinction between schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders and provide the basement for further research.
1350 – Cultural Concepts Of Temporality And The Psychopathology Of Traumatic Experience
Authors: Bastos C.L. , Coelho C.L.M.
Published: July 2013

Two fundamental aspects of cultural intuitive conceptions of time’s passage - cyclic and continuous temporality - are here related to clinical psychopathology of post-traumatic stress in Brazil. People with predominantly cyclical cultural perceptions of time tend to see life and death as part of an eternal movement. Severity and persistence of mental trauma are not directly related to the magnitude of the catastrophe or even of the traumatic experience, but rather to the way they pervade the mind and to the roles they represent on it. Modern culture tends to produce individuals prepared to a highly complex world, running in a frantic rhythm and under constant pressure. Nearly all events must be anticipated, planned or controlled, and obsessive traits tend to be facilitated. However, in catastrophic, unpredictable events, when nothing can be done, these full-schedule people may show frailty and despair.

Traditional communities seem capable to bear extremely high levels of aggression or suffering - in traumatic and catastrophic situations - without showing proportional signs of mental stress. While in the high social layers of modern communities an act of violence as an assault or rape may have serious and long lasting consequences, in everyday public hospital practice we come across victims of potentially traumatic events without any of the expected devastating effects on their mental life. Periodic dissociative rituals may have a role in their resilience.
1352 – Anti-NMDA-receptor Encephalitis: a New Differential Diagnosis To First Psychotic Break
Authors: Jesus G. , Guarda C.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

First psychotic break represents a challenging differential diagnosis for psychiatrists as the clinical outcome depends on an aetiology-directed approach. There is growing focus on detection of treatable causes of psychosis because treatment can alter the natural history of disease. Anti-NMDA-receptor encephalitis is a recently described treatable neuropsychiatric disease presenting with psychiatric symptoms.

Objectives

Review of epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic tests and differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of anti-NMDAr encephalitis.

Methods

Case report of a patient diagnosed with anti-NMDAr encephalitis. Review of relevant literature collected from medical internet databases.

Results

Male 15 year-old patient with a previous episode of involuntary movements of the limbs and loss of conscience, presented with distonic contact, behaviour disturbances, sexual stereotypies, agitation and disturbed speech, that evolved with generalized tonic-clonic seizures, global aphasia and sinking of consciousness. A diagnose of anti-NMDAr encephalitis was made and partial recovery was obtained after treatment.

Discussion

Anti-NMDAr encephalitis is an auto-immune process against synaptic receptors, paraneoplasic or not, detectable by anti-body mesurement in CSF. Most patients develop a multistage illness initially presenting with psychiatric manifestations, progressing to seizures, language disintegration and catatonic states associated with abnormal movements. As patients are frequently treated with antipsychotics, motor abnormalities and catatonia are often interpreted as extrapyramidal effects or neuroleptic malignant syndrome, confounding the diagnosis.

Conclusion

Early recognition and treatment of anti-NMDAr encephalitis improve the outcome. Psychiatrists working in emergency departments and first psychotic break units should be aware of this severe disorder in order to start adequate treatment and prevent negative outcomes
1354 – Type Of Traumatic Experience And Depression In Adolescents
Authors: Burgic Radmanovic M. , Burgic S.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

There is a growing body of epidemiologic evidence that psychosocial factors are linked to depression.

Objective

Relations between presence of depression and traumatic experiences in adolescent’s anamnesis are presented in this research study in which 536 adolescents aged 15 to 18 years took part.

Aims

Identification connection type of traumatic experiences and depression in adolescent.

Methods

By using BDI and RADS is found that 12 -18% of adolescents confirm clinical level of depression sypmptoms. On LSCL-R questionary 415 adolescents (77,4%) had stress life events. The most of them had death of close person, catastrophe, or had been witness of catastrophe or severe accident, while small number of them had had severe accident, or were witness of violence in family, experienced divorce of parents, emotional, physical and sexsual abuse, severe financial difficultys etc.

Results

There is strong connection between type of trauma and depression.

Conclusion

The deepest depression of adolescence was caused by physical and sexsual abuse, death and illness of family member, violence, conflicts and heavy disagreement in family. It is important to seek and discover adolescents who are under the influence of various stress factors, because it decreases risk of developing depression disorders. Support and help of family members defend adolescent of depressive answers on various traumatic experiences.
1369 – Efficacy, Tolerability And Remission In Switching Antipsychotics Study: Nineteen Years Of Schizophrenia
Authors: Franza F. , Aquino K. , Fasano V. , Soddu A. , Fiorentino N. , Mazziotti di Celso R. , Calabrese L. , Iandoli M. , Battista A.
Published: July 2013

Background

Despite their proven efficacy and tolerability, many patients are often switched among antipsychotics therapies due to the lack of therapeutic response. Many physicians begin to switching antipsychotics with the original intention to discontinue the drug, and, continue with another therapy. Several new antipsychotics available allow us to improve the long- term therapy.

Methods

Nineteen year open label study in ‘real world’ setting in 121 inpatients with schizophrenia (DSM-III -> DSM-IV-TR) observed first time in 1992 in a neuropsychiatric centre and subsequently clinically evaluated until 2011; data collected and compared to switching between antipsychotics (from haloperidol to clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine, aripiprazole). At baseline: epidemiogical and biological parameters, PANSS, QLindex and, subsequently, with CGI-S scores during every clinical visit of control [T1 → T7]. The overall analysis carried out with EZAnalyze(c) ver.3.0.

Results

In the clozapine group remission rates were higher than other groups; Interrupted therapy: 27.62% of patients with risperidone, 34.85% with quetiapine. A consistent number of patients (8.04%), who have suspended the ‘first’ therapy with haloperidol, have assumed again the therapy with haloperidol toT7. Outcome was good in 28.4%,intermediate in 50,1% and poor in 21%. CGI-S T7 vs T0 (Severity of illness= p: 0,0066; Global improvement = p: 0,02844; Efficacy index =p: 0,00597)

Conclusion

Study suggested that most clinically stable outpatients with schizophrenia maintain remission states after being switched to atypical antipsychotics; a T7 (19 years) a consistent number of patients assumed again haloperidol with satisfactory rate of 51.18% then previous pharmacological treatments with a atypical antipsychotics.
1370 – Adolescents’ Mental Health Evaluation In Ukraine Using Adapted Seyle Protocol
Authors: Rozanov V. , Rozanova O.V. , Rakhimkulova A.V. , Reytarova A.A.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

Modern situation n Ukraine is charachterized by rapid growth of socio-economic inequality.

Objectives

To evaluate mental health, psychosocial problems and suicidality in adolescents aged 14-17 years with regards to socio-economic factors of the families.

Aims

To evaluate role of socio-economic enaquality as a factor impairing adolescents’ mental health.

Methods

Components of SEYLE protocol were adapted to local regulations and were used to measure wide range of psycho- social factors characterizing adolescents’ mental health. 250 children aged 14-17 representing different types of schools (from elite gymnasiums to municipal boarding-schools) were questioned.

Results

It was found that main psychosocial problems of adolescents were in the domains of sleep disturbances, internet addiction, unhealthy life styles including smoking, alcohol and risky behaviours. Both negative and positive characteristics have a tendency to clastering. Suicidal thoughts are admitted by 30% of children with a slight prevalence in girls. One of the strong predictors of negative life styles and mental health problems is the answer to the question if a child have ever seen a parent being drunk. There was a marked association between mental health problems and socio-economic status of the family. Poorer economic status of the family was associated with higher level of depression, feeling of stress, loneliness, psychosomatic symptoms and suicidal thoughts in adolescents.

Conclusions

Socio-economic status of the families, parents life styles, internet abuse and fatigue play an important role in adolescents suicidality. Children are very susceptible to the stress in parents caused by socio-economic circumstances.