bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN DARING PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID – 19
Authors: Harmawati  , Tia Latifatu Sa’diah  , Nadiya Angraeni
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Sekolah Dasar Negeri Cengkong II Kecamatan Purwasari kabupaten Karawang. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 3 orang yaitu guru kelas IV, 1 orang siswa dan 1 orangtua siswa. Objek penelitian ini adalah proses pembelajaran daring pada masa covid-19. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pengamatan dan wawancara. Instrumen pengumpulan data terdiri atas pengamatan dan pedoman wawancara. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif dengan melakukan Teknik analisis data model Miles and Humberman.

Hasil dari pengamatan dan wawancara diperoleh bahwa Sekolah Dasar Negeri Cengkong II Kecamatan Purwasari Kabupaten Karawang pada masa pandemi covid-19 melakukan pembelajaran jarak jauh (PJJ) dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran daring / online. Aplikasi whatsapp, google meet, google form, zoom dan kine master adalah aplikasi yang digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran daring / online. Handphone, kuota dan jaringan internet yang kuat dan stabil merupakan faktor utama dalam proses pembelajaran daring / online, agar tercapainya materi ajar dan tujuan pembelajaran selama guru menjelaskan dan menyampaikan materi yang telah disiapkan. Selain itu terdapat kendala dalam proses pembelajaran daring yaitu: jaringan internet yang tidak stabil dan tidak semua siswa memiliki handphone / gadget.

 Kata kunci : Implementasi pembelajaran, model pembelajaran daring / online.

This research is a descriptive qualitative research. This research was conducted at Cengkong II State Elementary School, Purwasari District, Karawang Regency. The subjects of this study were 3 people, namely the fourth grade teacher, 1 student and 1 student's parent. The object of this research is the online learning process during the covid-19 period. Data collection techniques used in this study were observation and interviews. The data collection instrument consisted of observations and interview guidelines. Data analysis was carried out descriptively by using the Miles and Humberman model data analysis technique.

The results from observations and interviews showed that the Cengkong II State Elementary School, Purwasari District, Karawang Regency during the covid-19 pandemic carried out distance learning (PJJ) using an online / online learning model. WhatsApp, Google Meet, Google Form, Zoom and Kine Master applications are applications that are used in the online learning process. Mobile phones, quotas and a strong and stable internet network are the main factors in the online learning process, in order to achieve teaching materials and learning objectives as long as the teacher explains and conveys the material that has been prepared. In addition, there are obstacles in the online learning process, namely: unstable internet network and not all students have cellphones / gadgets.

Keywords: Implementation of learning, online learning model / online.
Може ли да очакваме централизирано договаряне на достъп до лекарства сираци в ЕС?
Authors: Искров Георги , Стефанов Румен
Published: November 2021

Точно преди година – на 25 ноември 2020 г. – беше приета действащата Фармацевтична стратегия за Европа. Основна цел на този документ е създаването на надеждна и устойчива регулаторна рамка, която, от една страна, да отговори на очакванията и потребностите на европейските пациенти, а от друга – да насърчи иновацията и модернизацията във фармацевтичния сектор. При финализирането на стратегията бяха отчетени и редица слабости, разкрити по време на настоящата пандемия от COVID-19.

Фармацевтична стратегия за Европа стъпва на 4 основни стълба, които предвиждат както законодателни мерки, така и незаконодателни действия: осигуряване на лекарствени продукти на достъпни цени за пациентите и отговаряне на неудовлетворени медицински потребности; подкрепа на конкурентоспособността, иновациите и устойчивостта на фармацевтичната индустрия на ЕС и разработване на висококачествени, безопасни и ефективни лекарствени продукти; повишаване на готовността при кризи и оптимизиране на механизмите за реагиране, гарантиране на диверсифицирани и сигурни вериги за доставки, справяне с недостига на лекарствени продукти; засилване на ролята на ЕС в света чрез насърчаване на високо ниво на стандарти за качество, ефикасност и безопасност. Какво предстои от тук нататък?
Кардиомиопатия при пациент с мускулна дистрофия тип Дюшен
Authors: Панчева Ралица , Стоименов Благовест
Published: November 2021

Мускулната дистрофия тип Дюшен (МДД) е генетично, невромускулно заболяване, което се характеризира с прогресивно засягане на скелетната мускулатура, като впоследствие се развиват и белодробна и сърдечна дисфункция. Сърдечната недостатъчност (СН) е основна причина за смъртта на тези пациенти. Ранното откриване на сърдечното засягане често е предизвикателство, дължащо се на дългата субклинична фаза на камерна дисфункция и затруднения при оценката на сърдечно-съдовата симптоматика при тези пациенти, които обикновено губят възможността за движение в ранно юношество. Ранната диагностика на сърдечното засягане при пациенти с МДД обаче е решаваща, тъй като позволява навременно започване на кардиопротективни терапии, които могат да смекчат симптомите на СН и да забавят патологичното ремоделиране на сърдечния мускул. Редовното сърдечно-съдово проследяване е от решаващо значение при лечението на МДД. Ранното разпознаване и профилактичното използване на инхибитори на ангиотензин конвертиращия ензим са основната терапевтична стратегия за забавяне на честотата на обусловената от МДД дилатативна кардиомиопатия (ДКМП). Поради липсата на специфична за МДД терапия, настоящата стратегия за лечение е съгласно препоръките за поведение при хронична СН.

Представяме рядък и интересен клиничен случай, за да подчертаем значимостта на това усложнение на болестта, което води до лоша прогноза и изисква своевременно започване на кардиопротективна терапия.
The construction of the curricular design of the University Professor of Biology at the National University of Misiones and the formative pathway of Education for Health and the Environment
Authors: Morawicki Patricia Mariela , Pedrini Ana Gabriela , Tetzlaff Alicia
Published: November 2021

The aim of this paper is to share the results of the process of formulating the curriculum for the 2016 University Teacher Training in Biology at the Faculty of Exact, Chemical and Natural Sciences of the National University of Misiones (UNaM) based on a collective construction among various stakeholders in the educational community and especially the proposal of the formative pathway of Education for Health and the Environment (EpSyA). The research used a qualitative and interpretative methodology based on the analysis of curricular documents, institutional agreements, national regulations, interviews and classroom observations. The different instances of discussion in the reformulation of the curricular project are reconstructed chronologically, the macro-decisions in the construction of the formative path of EpSyA are analysed and the hourly loads and minimum contents of the subjects and the teaching strategies are made explicit.
Evaluation of resources in the study of industrial and culinary properties for the varietal characterization of rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Farco Andrea P. , Bouchard José Daniel , Díaz Sergio Fernando , Kruger Raúl D. , Maiocchi Marcos Gabriel
Published: November 2021

Different physicochemical tests have been used over time in the Oryza sativa species for the study of industrial and culinary properties. In this study, nine attributes were compared: amylose content, total whiteness, thousand grain weight, grain length and width, gelatinization time, apparent water absorption, expansion ratio, and gelatinization temperature. However, there is no single attribute that allows defining the concept of “culinary quality” in rice, since it depends on its behavior after cooking. The two varieties of long fine polished rice used for this study were: IRGA 424 (Rio Grandense Rice Institute) and Tranquilo FL INTA (National Institute of Agricultural Technology) and a mixture of both.
In this work, the characterization of industrial and culinary properties of the rice varieties mentioned above was achieved by evaluating five attributes using simple and low-cost physical-chemical techniques in two of the rice varieties most in demand by producers in the province of Corrientes. This finding would allow the study of rice varieties to be approached by optimizing: equipment, reagents and time in future trials.
Human factors, artificial intelligence and autonomous cars: Perspectives for a complex implementation
Authors: Pereira Sandor B. , Botelho Róber D.
Published: November 2021

The centuries-old near-inseparable human/automobile relationship faces a revolution thanks to artificial intelligence gradually creating new paradigms in terms of personal urban mobility. Still, would we be prepared to relinquish our vehicle control to autonomous systems? The main objective of this work is to elucidate the main elements of the complex relationship between human factors and artificial intelligence in the development and establishment of autonomous vehicles. Thus, this paper adopted a basic methodology with a qualitative approach with an exploratory objective and technical procedures, as well as technical procedures of a documentary and bibliographic nature. Notice that autonomous systems present plausible functioning in controlled environments, even so, in an environment with several variables and an almost infinite possibility of combinations, enforced the occurrence of failures and compromised the structuring of a mental model, based on human factors, applicable to artificial intelligence. That explains the little importance given to human factors in the planning of human/autonomous machine interactions.
The Role of Grassy Habitats in Agroforestry
Authors: Szigeti Nóra , Berki Imre , Vityi Andrea , Winkler Dániel
Published: November 2021

Planting shelterbelts on agricultural fields has long traditions in Hungary. The biodiversityenhancing effect of this type of agroforestry is intensively researched, but most of the results concentrate on tree species diversity and specific animal communities such as insects and birds. The characteristics of herbaceous vegetation and soil mesofauna related to shelterbelts are understudied; however, both communities play key roles in agricultural productivity. This study aimed to explore the diversity and species composition of these groups in shelterbelts and adjacent grassy and cropped habitats. Samples were taken inside and adjacent to a native and a non-native shelterbelt in an agricultural landscape. The results highlight that shelterbelt edges are at least as important as tree stands in preserving soil-related diversity. Native tree species composition shows slightly more favorable conditions concerning the examined communities. While the positive impact of shelterbelts on the agricultural productivity and the diversity of several animal communities has been proven, the appearance of forest-related herbaceous species in tree stands planted on cultivated fields is not expected, even after decades have passed. The research was supported by the Blue Planet Climate Protection Foundation.
A Sard Intaglio with a Depiction of Priapus from the Acropolis of Olba
Authors: YEĞİN Yavuz , NARDELLI Bruna
Published: November 2021

During the 2018 campaign at Olba (Silifke District of Mersin Turkey), a broken sard was recovered from a child’s grave. Its fragmentary condition renders identification difficult. Markings at the top suggest that it might portray a figure associated with Dionysiac worship; however, the iconography fairly clearly suggests a representation of Priapus. The confident design and skilful modelling of the limbs, and the considerable formal rigour that combines classical style with a simplified rendering of the knees and feet characteristic of the Italic-Republican ‘pellet style’, allow the sard to be dated to the second century BC.
DIFFERENTIATED SYSTEM FOR CALCULATING OF PAYMENTS FOR TECHNOLOGICALLY POLLUTED TERRITORIES, BASED ON THE INDICATIVE METHOD OF ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF POLYAROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
Authors: Vershinin V. , Nartov A.
Published: November 2021

The issue of improving the algorithm for calculating and distributing payments for environmental pollution by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) of technogenic origin (from both stationary and mobile sources) is considered. It is proposed to use an indicative method (index of the total toxic effect of biologically available PAHs) to take into account the negative impact on the biosphere of all 16 priority PAHs and for a more objective and differentiated distribution of the amount of payments between the owners of pollution sources.
MORPHOSTRUCTURE OF THE FIELD MOUSE THYROID GLAND IN NORMAL STATE IN THE CONDITIONS OF FOREST-STEPPE NEAR KRASNOYARSK
Authors: Lyuto A. A. , Shishikin A. S.
Published: November 2021

The regional research of the zonal undisturbed (normal) morphology of the thyroid gland of young field mice was carried out in the conditions of forest-steppe near Krasnoyarsk. The most important indicators of the thyroid gland are identified: macroscopically, the width of each lobe is 2-2. 7 mm, the length is 1.5-2 mm, the height is 1-2 mm. The width of the isthmus is 1.5-2 mm. The color of the gland ranges from red to dark red and it clearly contrasts with the background of the larynx and thyroid cartilage. The thyroid and parathyroid glands are a single organocomplex. The specific features of the structure of the thyroid gland of field mice are the small size of the organ, a thin capsule, the presence of internal accessory parathyroid glands, a compactly organized parenchyma, and a moderately developed vascular network. The stroma of the gland is relatively poorly developed, it contains a thin network of reticular cells, a small number of macrophages. The epithelium of large follicles has a prismatic shape, although middle size follicles have cubic shaped epithelium. The height of thyrocytes is 6.83 microns, the mean area of follicles is 467.9 microns; Brown index is 9.7; follicular-colloid index is 3.72; the sclerosis index is 0.81. The field mouse, due to its ecological and morphological features, is a valuable object of bioindication for assessment of the state of background and anthropogenic landscape in the conditions of the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe. The size of the gland (taking into account age of a mouse), the Brown index, as well as the height and shape of thyrocytes (follicular epithelium) are significant bioindication criteria to assess the changes in the case of technogenic exposure influenced by pollutants.
BENTHIC FAUNA OF THE SOUTH-WESTERN PART OF THE SEA OF AZOV: TRANSFORMATION OF MACROZOOBENTHOS BIOCOENOSIS AT THE BEGINNING OF THE XXI CENTURY
Authors: Revkov N. K. , Boltachova N. A.
Published: November 2021

Cerastoderma biocoenosis has been one of the main biocoenoses that occupied the most extensive areas and prevailed in quantitative development in the benthos of the Sea of Azov for more than 80 years, since the first quantitative description were made there in 1930s. However, the penetration of the bivalve Anadara kagoshimensis (a recent invader to the Black Sea basin) to the Sea of Azov in 1989 determined the beginning of subsequent biocoenotic changes. Systematic benthic surveys were conducted in 2016–2017 during cruises #84, #86, #90, #96, #100 aboard R/V “Professor Vodyanitsky” on the extensive south-western section of the Sea of Azov. The results of the surveys revealed the formation of a single Anadara biocoenosis, in which the previously dominant native species Cerastoderma glaucum and Abra segmentum became subdominants. The present research continues the analysis of these data. Its purpose is to assess the features of transformation the Cerastoderma biocoenosis, which was the main native biocoenosis in the Azov Sea – to the biocoenosis of alien species Anadara kagoshimensis. The paper uses materials of three time-periods corresponding to different levels of salinity of the Sea of Azov: 1930s (9.3–11.1 %), the 1950s (11.6–12.1 %) and 2016–2017 (13.5–14.0 %). The results of the analysis showed a high level of similarity (60 %) in the composition of the cores of two native biocoenoses of Abra and Cerastoderma and the new Anadara biocoenosis. The transformation of the native biocoenoses on the southwestern section of the basin into the Anadara biocoenosis resulted both from the successful expansion of A. kagoshimensis and a decrease in the quantitative development of the aboriginal species complex under the conditions of increasing salinity of the basin. A compensatory increase in the quantitative development of zoobenthos was observed in 2016–2017 exceeding that of the 1930s due to A. kagoshimensis. From 1930s to 1950s the number of species in the Cerastoderma biocoenosis in the groups of Mollusca, Polychaeta and “Other species” did not change significantly, but in Crustacea group it decreased by more than 2 times. From 1950s (Cerastoderma biocoenosis) to 2016-2017s (Anadara biocoenosis) there was a nearly two-fold increase in the number of species in the groups of Mollusca, Polychaeta and “Other species” while the number of Crustacea species increased slightly.
Power Generation by Offshore Wind Turbines: An Overview on Recent Research and Developments
Authors: Basack Sudip , Dutta Shantanu , Saha Dipasri , Das Goutam
Published: November 2021

Wind energy is one of the most sustainable and renewable resources of power generation. Offshore Wind Turbines (OWTs) derive significant wind energy compared to onshore installations. With the established phenomena that the wind speed has been high and consistent in offshore regions, the OWTs are likely to generate more electricity compared to the onshore ones. Design and installation of OWTs require sophisticated technology due to critical ocean environment to meet the safety and serviceability criteria. This necessitates in-depth understanding of power efficiency, mechanical operations and dynamic force distributions, together with the structural and foundation stabilities. This paper presents an intensive review of the existing knowledge on each of these diversified study areas. It is observed the subject is still under development with a significant number of unsolved problems. A critical analysis and the research directions on the relevant investigations have also been included in the paper.
LEVERAGING DATA MINING TECHNIQUES IN ENHANCING THE EFFICACY OF HEALTHCARE IN THIRD WORLD COUNTRIES: SPOTLIGHT ON TURKISH CASE STUDY
Authors: Chadha Anshika Arshia
Published: November 2021

This paper presents a utilization of the information mining technique to decide the
financial profiles of the public clinics in Turkey. The review depends on the information
accumulated in 2004, covering 645 public clinics run by the Ministry of Health (MoH)
as the fundamental supplier of essential and optional wellbeing administrations in
Turkey. The public medical clinics, as of now financed by a combination of assets
allotted from the overall spending plan and separately worked rotating reserves, need
critical answers for their financial issues as a piece of a continuous public change
exertion. The examination takes on the Chi-Square Automatic Interaction Detector
(CHAID) choice tree calculation, as one of the most efficient and cutting-edge
information digging technique utilized for division.
The investigation has discovered that the public clinics could be sorted by the CHAID
into 12 unique profiles as far as their financial execution. These profiles have directed us
in deciding the key financial markers to be engaged upon in the public emergency
clinics and present accepted procedures to work on their individual financial exhibitions.
The findings have likewise permitted strategy ideas regarding the financial techniques
that might be considered in working on the financial execution of the public medical
clinics toward an effective wellbeing area change in Turkey.
Intellectual property in the digital space
Authors: IZBASH O.
Published: November 2021

The article examines the modern view of art in the digital space and the regulation of intellectual property in connection with this phenomenon. The author reveals the concept of blockchain and non-fungible token, their development and impact on the rights of creators. There are many challenges for digital artists today. One of them is that digital art objects can be easily copied as many times as you want. Yes, many will say that you can just save a picture and such saved copies would not differ from the original. But there is one nuance, or rather the opportunity provided by NFT – it’s the right to own the original version of the work. It is like having an original painting on display at the Louvre, and other reproductions and copies outside it will only promote and increase the value of this work, as it will become more recognizable. Therefore, NFT allows you to capture your intellectual property rights, which are confirmed in the blockchain. The use of NFT can be a new tool in the field of intellectual property management, creating new opportunities for the market and its participants, making it more convenient, because transactions with tokens are cheap, simple and faster than transactions with real objects to which they are tied. It is worth noting that the hype surrounding the use of NFT does not revolutionize art, computer games, or intellectual property itself, but it does offer significant new opportunities that deserve attention.
Criminological characteristics of cyberbullying and its types
Authors: VEDERNIKOVA A.
Published: November 2021

The article clarifies that there is no stable scientific and legislative definition of cyberbullying. It is proposed to consider that cyberbullying is a violent actions of participants in the educational process using electronic communications against a minor or such a person, causing interference in the educational process, significant non-compliance with school discipline, violation of the rights of participants in the educational process or caused them moral, physical, mental or material damage. It was found that cyberbullying is a subspecies of traditional bullying, but has specific properties: anonymity of the attacker; the victim and the offender located in different physical spaces; lack of time frame; the possibility of exponential growth of the audience; reusability. In addition, the article provides examples from domestic case law. The basic and derivative types of cyberbullying and their short criminological characteristics are given. An attempt has been made to structure these types of cyberbullying. The article also briefly analyzes the statistical indicators of various manifestations of cyberbullying in Ukraine. Finally, current global trends in liability for certain types of Internet abuse, such as such as harassment, cyberstalking, grooming, sexting and denigration, are also briefly analyzed.
The role of profiling of drugs, psychotropic substances and precursors in combating their illegal trafficking
Authors: KUCHYNSKA I.
Published: November 2021

Recently, there is a negative trend in the world – increasing number of synthetic drugs, psychotropic substances and precursors in the illicit trafficking of these substances. Specially equipped underground laboratories for their drug production are being set up to meet the demand for synthetic drugs. Synthetic drugs and psychotropic substances produced in underground laboratories can be synthesized in various ways. Various precursors and reagents are used for their synthesis, which leads to the appearance of impurities in the final product. Impurities help to determine the ways of synthesis of the illegal substance, the origin of the precursors, provide information about the location of production. Due to the presence of impurities, the connections between the removed substances are revealed. Specific impurities are used to determine the route of production, which, combined with other forms of investigation, will help to link different batches of a prohibited substance to the specific person who manufactured them. Impurities associated with the synthesis of substances seized in illegal laboratories are so-called marker compounds. They are a kind of marks that guide the expert chemist on the specific method used by criminals to obtain the substance. Marker compounds are of the greatest importance for the accurate establishment of the synthesis method. Marker compounds are determined by impurity profiling of samples of the prohibited substance. The main purpose of the profiling of impurities is to assist law enforcement agencies in combating the illicit manufacture and circulation of controlled substances. The results of research and information on the circumstances of the confiscation should be recorded in the relevant created electronic databases. In the profile database, two samples of a substance with a similar chemical profile can be linked together from the manufacturing stage to the distribution stage. Data on impurity profiles and fillers can be used to estimate the batch size, time and area of drug distribution. Databases are needed for use by law enforcement agencies in operational and investigative work. Databases are needed for the timely detection and liquidation of underground drug laboratories. The above aspects emphasize the importance of cooperation between investigative, operational services and forensic agencies in the process of effective detection and cessation of crimes related to the distribution of controlled substances.
Legal aspects of registration and accounting of research and development works in the field of state national security
Authors: ALEKSEIEVA O.
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to the issues of registration and accounting of research and development work performed in the field of national security, by the example of the Ukrainian scientific and research Institute of special equipment and forensic expertise of the Security Service of Ukraine. The legal bases for actions on the specified subjects are investigated. The current state of affairs on the raised issue is analyzed. Some issues that arise during the registration procedure are highlighted.
A Brief Review of Ideal Bio-Indicators, Bio-Markers and Determinants of Endemic of Fluoride and Fluorosis
Authors: Choubisa Shanti Lal , Choubisa Anurag
Published: November 2021

Fluorosis in man and animals is the resultant of chronic exposure of Fluoride (F) for prolonged period through F contaminated drinking water and foods and industrial F pollution. However, fluoridated water and industrial F emissions are the major sources of F exposure for humans and domestic animals. Chronic F exposure not only deteriorate the health of human beings and animals but also causes diverse adverse toxic effects on hard (teeth and bones) and soft (organs) tissues. Various F induced pathological changes in teeth and bones are known as dental and skeletal fluorosis, respectively. However, skeletal fluorosis is more dangerous and highly significant since it diminishes the mobility at a very early age and develops crippling or lameness bone deformity. Thousands of people and domestic animals are suffering with fluorosis worldwide. Dental fluorosis is rampant and the commonest form of chronic F toxicosis and appears in subjects of almost all age groups. However, children and bovine calves are relatively more sensitive and highly susceptible to F toxicosis and revealed the earliest clinical sign of chronic F poisoning in the form of dental fluorosis. Hence, these are ideal bio-indicators for chronic F intoxication or fluorosis. Nevertheless, the magnitude or severity of fluorosis is much more depending on the density and rate of bio-accumulation of F. Biological samples, milk, urine, blood serum, teeth, nails, etc. are better bio-markers for F intoxication. However, urine F concentration is the best bio-marker for endemic of F and fluorosis. In this communication, ideal bio-indicators and bio-markers for endemic of F and fluorosis and diverse potential determinants influencing the severity of F toxicity (fluorosis) are considered and briefly and critically reviewed. Findings of this review are useful in making and implementation of health policy and the commencement of mitigation and control of fluorosis programme in F endemic areas where it is problematic for human and animal health.
Successful External Cephalic Version in Early Labour: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: NB Janjua , SA Birmani , White Maeve , Siu Sarah , Das Asish
Published: November 2021

Presentation: A 35 year old woman, gravida 7 para 7, all vaginal deliveries, presented with labour pains at 39 weeks’ gestation with intact membranes. Cardiotocograph (CTG) was reassuring. Diagnosis: Breech presentation was confirmed by an ultrasound. Treatment: The patient was offered options of External Cephalic Version (ECV) versus (vs) Lower Segment Caesarean Section (LSCS). She opted for ECV which was successful, followed by controlled artificial rupture of membranes. She delivered a healthy baby girl vaginally and was discharged home on day 1 postpartum. Conclusion: Although intrapartum ECV is not recommended routinely, there is a place for its judicious use in selective cases. The prerequisites include an experienced obstetrician, reassuring CTG, previous vaginal delivery, no obstetric indication for performing LSCS, adequate amniotic fluid volume with intact membranes, early labour, and informed maternal consent. We recommend keeping theatre on standby while performing ECV in case an obstetric complication arises.
Accuracy of Roche SARS-CoV-2 Rapid Antigen Test in Nasopharyngeal Swab: Clinical Impression Matters
Authors: Pyar Khin Phyu , Su Khine Khine , Wunna Kyaw , Thant Myo , Myat Kaung , Aung Aung , Htet Aung Zar Ni , Maung Nyan Lin , Kyaw Aung Phyoe , Zaw Oo Min Lynn , Tun Kyaw Zwa , Ko Aung Kyaw Ko , Thu Kyaw , Tun Thein Soe , Oo Nyan Ye , Latt Chan Nyein , Tun Thi Han , Myint Si Thu , Oo Aung Phyo , Ko Min Win Ko , Win Kyaw Khine , Yan Hein Wai , Oo Thet Mg , Tin Win Myint
Published: November 2021

Background: In COVID-19 pandemic, the diagnosis and treatment must be as early as possible to save the life of each patient. Moreover, screening of asymptomatic carriers, close contacts or healthy subjects must not be delay to prevent transmission to publics. For confirmation of diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection, nasopharyngeal swab must be tested either by real-time Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) tests or Rapid Antigen Test (RAT). RAT is faster, easier and cheaper; thus, it is suitable for health service in developing country. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of Roche SARS-CoV-2 Rapid Antigen Test (RAT) in diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: Hospital based exploratory study was done in out-patient department and fever clinic, and molecular laboratory of No. (1) Defence Services General Hospital. Nasopharyngeal swabs were taken, and the Roche SARS- CoV-2 RAT was conducted in parallel with RT-PCR test (reference standard). Results: Among the 932 patients/subjects recruited, RT-PCR was positive in 468 individuals, corresponding to a prevalence of 50.2%. The RAT was positive in 363 patients (60.4%), false positive in 120 patients; it was negative in 569 individuals (39.6%), false negative in 225 patients. The overall sensitivity of the RAT was 51.9% (95% Confidence Interval [CI] 47.29-56.53) and, the specificity was 74.1% (95% CI 69.9-78.07); positive predictive value was 66.9% and negative predictive value was 60.5%. The sensitivity varied with Ct value; 78% in clinical samples with Ct values < 20, 57.5% in those with Ct values between 21 and 25, 41.8% in samples with Ct values between 26 and 30, and, 36.4% in samples with Ct value > 30. Conclusion: The accuracy of the SARS-CoV-2 Roche RAT in diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 infections was inferior to RT-PCR and manufacturer’s data. The sensitivity was with low Cycle threshold values < 20 which were inversely related to the viral load. RAT test should be used in association with clinical impression of physicians. In hospital setting especially in emergency department, the role of RAT should be reconsidered in those patients presenting with anosmia and some cases of dyspnoea, late symptoms in the course of disease, as the RAT results would be false negative. Other errors may arise if the operator for RAT has to handle more than recommended tests per hour especially in the peak of epidemics.
Exposure to Ambient Ultra-Fine Particles and Stroke
Authors: Ehsanifar Mojtaba , SS Banihashemian , Farokhmanesh Farzaneh
Published: November 2021

Stroke is one of the main causes of death attributed to air pollution. Significant research has now shown that urban air pollutants exposure has been established as a source of neuroinflammation and oxidative stress that causes Central Nervous System (CNS) disease. Transition metals, Particulate Matter (PM) including fine particles (PM ≤ 2.5 μm, PM 2.5) and ultra-fine particles (UFPs, PM <0.1 μm, PM 0.1), nitrogen oxide, and ozone are potent or oxidant that capable of producing Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) can reach the brain and affect CNS health. Numerous biological mechanisms are responsible that are not well understood. Recent studies suggest that changes in the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) and or leakage and transmission along the olfactory nerve into the Olfactory Bulb (OB) and microglial activation are the key factors of CNS damage following exposure to air pollution. This preliminary review cites evidence that ambient PM exposure is one of the causes of stroke.
Fovilles Syndrome a Case to Remember Case Report
Authors: Acharya Sudikshya , Pant Basant , Chandra Avinash , Chandra Ayush
Published: November 2021

The Foville’s Syndrome is a rare clinical feature of stroke or brain hemorrhage. This is very rare brain stem syndrome and only few cases have been reported worldwide. A case of Foville's syndrome secondary to infarction at the left paramedian pontine region, which was diagnosed and treated at Annapurna Neurological institute and allied Science, Kathmandu, Nepal. A 62 years old gentleman presented with acute headache with sudden onset of vertigo, tinnitus, slurred speech, difficulty while swallowing and numbness and hemiparesis on the right side of the body. The aim of this study was to report a rare case of Foville's syndrome with the infarction at the left paramedian pontine region. The clinical manifestations were well correlated with anatomical involvement. The CT-scan of head, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), MR-Angiogram (MRA) sequence of cerebral and carotid, etc. helped in the diagnosis of the case along with the other lab investigations.
Vacuum Infusion Simulation for Radome Manufacturing Using Woven Flax Fibre and Glass Fibre
Authors: Mohd Yusoff Mohd Haris  , Khairul Dahri Mohd Aris  , Muzafar Zulkifli  , Tajul Adli Abdul Razak  , Nurul Zuhairah Mahmud Zuhudi
Published: November 2021

The vacuum infusion method is emerging to produce composite parts, especially thin wall structure aircraft radome. Ansys Fluent is used in the optimization phase for mould filling analysis on aircraft radome part. The permeability fibre is referring to the physical property of the fibre reinforcement to allow fluids to permeate it, thus it is correlated with the viscosity of the resin used. In this work, flax fibre, glass fibre and low viscosity epoxy resin are used to determine the permeability value of flax fibre, glass fibre and hybrid without using a flow medium. In-plane experiment on reinforcement fibre permeability is conducted and all reinforcement fibre have similar fibre architecture and weight. The development of a digital model from a top partial aircraft radome is obtained through a 3D scanner and CATIA. Ansys Fluent is used to optimize the location of the injection line and air vent for the epoxy. The Ansys Fluent analysis model is validated through the in-plane experiment filling time result for a flat model. Based on the simulation analysis, the location of the injection line is placed at the perimeter and the air vent at the centre. The filling time from the simulation for the flax fibre and hybrid fibre was estimated around 10 to 11 minutes. However, the filling time for glass fibre is approximate 2 hours which is longer than epoxy gel time. Furthermore, this method can be used in mould filing scenarios of thin wall structure within gel time of the resin.
Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida). III. A Preliminary Account with Keys to Rosulabryum J.R. Spence in Chile
Authors: Spence John R.
Published: November 2021

A preliminary study of the genus Rosulabryum J.R. Spence in Chile is presented, with brief species descriptions, notes on ecology and distributions, and a taxonomic key. The following 12 species are confirmed with vouchered specimens; Rosulabryum andicola (Hook.) Ochyra, Rosulabryum billarderii (Schwägr.) J.R. Spence, Rosulabryum campylothecium (Taylor) J.R. Spence, Rosulabryum capillare (Hedw.) J.R. Spence, Rosulabryum coloratum (Müll. Hal.) J.R. Spence, Rosulabryum densifolium (Brid.) Ochyra, Rosulabryum longidens (Thér.) J.R. Spence, Rosulabryum macrophyllum (Cardot & Broth.) Ochyra, Rosulabryum perlimbatum (Cardot) Ochyra, Rosulabryum puconense (Herzog & Thér.) J.R. Spence, Rosulabryum rubens (Mitt.) J.R. Spence, and Rosulabryum torquescens (Bruch ex De Not.) J.R. Spence. Rosulabryum canariense (Brid.) Ochyra is tentatively excluded as the Chilean material can be referred to R. coloratum. Similarly, Rosulabryum viridescens (Welw. & Duby) Ochyra is tentatively excluded since the Chilean plants do not match the African type, but instead appear to be atypical plants of R. campylothecium.
L’Union européenne et la protection sociale : c’est compliqué !
Authors: Crespy Amandine
Published: November 2021

L’intervention de l’Union européenne (UE) sur le social est aussi complexe que fragmentaire et se déploie de manière à la fois directe et indirecte. On peut distinguer quatre grands champs d’action européens : la réglementation (mobilité, droit du travail, non-discrimination) ; le dialogue social européen ; la redistribution par les fonds ; et la coordination souple des réformes des systèmes sociaux. Cet article s’intéresse plus particulièrement aux questions de la coordination de la sécurité sociale des travailleurs en situation de mobilité et de l’ouverture mutuelle des systèmes nationaux. Si les droits des travailleurs tendent à s’accroître avec le temps, même de manière marginale, l’accès des non-actifs aux prestations sociales est, lui, remis en question. Au-delà des débats politiques, la coopération administrative s’intensifie via la création de commissions, de réseaux numériques d’échange de documents, de réseaux d’experts et même d’une Autorité européenne du travail.
Égalité entre hommes et femmes et politiques familiales : un sujet prioritaire pour l’Union européenne et l’OCDE
Authors: Collombet Catherine
Published: November 2021

L’OCDE et la Commission européenne promeuvent auprès de leurs États membres des politiques familiales qui favorisent l’égalité entre les hommes et les femmes, vue comme une valeur en soi autant qu’une source de croissance. Deux leviers décisifs sont mis en avant par ces institutions pour équilibrer la répartition des tâches parentales et professionnelles : les services d’accueil du jeune enfant et les congés parentaux, l’efficacité de ces derniers étant conditionnée cependant à certaines caractéristiques. Après avoir présenté les fondements du discours prescripteur de l’Union européenne et de l’OCDE en faveur de l’égalité des sexes, cet article étudie leurs interventions en matière d’accueil du jeune enfant puis de congés parentaux.
Le développement de la validation des acquis de l’expérience (VAE) à l’université : quels défis, quels bénéficiaires ?
Authors: Havet Nathalie , Bayart Caroline , Lenne Nicolas
Published: November 2021

Initialement destinée à un public peu ou pas diplômé, la VAE a considérablement évolué depuis 2002. Si ce mode d’acquisition d’un diplôme reste encore modeste dans les universités françaises, ses enjeux sont importants pour permettre le développement de la formation tout au long de la vie. Dans ce contexte, notre article s’interroge sur les parcours de VAE à l’université. Il cherche à savoir si ces parcours ont des spécificités par rapport aux autres parcours de VAE, en termes de recevabilité, d’abandon et de validation. Des analyses économétriques, menées à partir des données administratives longitudinales de candidats à la VAE dans une grande université française entre 2009 et 2018, montrent que la VAE universitaire se distingue sur plusieurs plans : le profil des candidats, les étapes où s’opère la sélection ou auto-sélection des candidats et les déterminants des décisions de validation du jury, qu’il s’agisse de caractéristiques individuelles ou du diplôme visé.
Wave breaking phenomena and global existence for the weakly dissipative generalized Camassa-Holm equation
Authors: Zhou Yonghui , Ji Shuguan
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we mainly study several problems on the weakly dissipative generalized Camassa-Holm equation. We first establish the local well-posedness of solutions by Kato's semigroup theory. We then derive the necessary and sufficient condition of the blow-up of solutions and a criteria to guarantee occurrence of wave breaking. Moreover, when the solution blows up, we obtain the precise blow-up rate. We finally show that the equation has a unique global solution provided the momentum density associated with their initial datum satisfies appropriate sign conditions.
Stability of the mixed Caputo fractional integro-differential equation by means of weighted space method
Authors: Dai Qun ,   School of Mathematics and Statistics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China, Liu Shidong
Published: November 2021

In this research work, we consider a class of nonlinear fractional integro-differential equations containing Caputo fractional derivative and integral derivative. We discuss the stabilities of Ulam-Hyers, Ulam-Hyers-Rassias, semi-Ulam-Hyers-Rassias for the nonlinear fractional integro-differential equations in terms of weighted space method and Banach fixed-point theorem. After the demonstration of our results, an example is given to illustrate the results we obtained.
The perception of multiethnolectal Zurich German: A continuum rather than clear-cut categories
Authors: Morand Marie-Anne , Schwab Sandra , Schmid Stephan
Published: November 2021

Since about 2000, the emergence of so-called ‘multiethnolects’ has been observed among adolescents in German-speaking Switzerland; however, a systematic description of these varieties is lacking at present. The few existing perception studies of multiethnolects in other European countries are usually based on two or more predetermined groups that are compared. This paper investigates which labels are used for multiethnolectal Zurich German and how this way of speaking is perceived by adolescents; we adopt a perceptual sociolinguistics approach which focuses on the conceptualizations of lay people rather than on those of linguists.
In a rating experiment, 40 adolescents listened to short speech samples of 48 pupils recorded in two different schools in the city of Zurich and were asked to rate the speakers on a 7-point Likert scale according to how multiethnolectal they sounded (not at all – very strongly). The results yielded a perceptual continuum rather than a clear-cut binary categorization [±multiethnolectal]. A smaller follow-up experiment with 12 adult raters (using the same stimuli) yielded a highly significant correlation between the mean rating scores of the two groups of raters.
Practice-Based Educational Research
Authors: Garcia Roberto M.
Published: November 2021

Incoming PK12 general education teachers beginning their careers are not wanting to have individuals with intellectual disabilities in their classroom due to a lack of special education experience and knowledge. This practice-based qualitative narrative dissertation study explored student teacher individual perceptions and experiences on special education classroom behavior and inclusion for elementary public-school general education student teachers. The practice-based problem was the negative views pre-service K12 educators held for classroom inclusion and personal perceptions of individuals with intellectual disabilities. The study sample included 10 student teacher college students enrolled in one Texas early childhood program. Schlossberg's Transition Model was used as the practice-based conceptual framework and data were gathered from interviews and analyzed using Clandinin and Connelly's procedures for narrative analysis. The findings determined pre-service general education teachers are not always provided adequate inclusion training.
Adapted Physical Education in the Special Education Process
Authors: Mcnamara Scott , Pan Cheng-Chen
Published: November 2021

Adapted physical education (APE) services have the same overall objectives as general physical education; however, adapted physical educators should implement accommodations and modifications to personalize the programs to meet the individual needs of students with disabilities. Because of the high levels of health disparity for people with disabilities, as well as cognitive and socio-emotional benefits associated with physical activity and exercise, it is crucial that students with disabilities receive high-quality APE programming. To give the readers a broad overview of APE and how it should be implemented, this chapter covers the following topics: physical education and physical literacy, the benefits of physical education and exercise for students with disabilities, federal laws in relation to physical education for students with disabilities, the role of adapted physical educators in interdisciplinary team approaches within the individualized education program process, and highlighting specialized teaching strategies and specialized equipment for students with disabilities.
Integrated Support of Students With Autism Spectrum Disorders and Learning Disabilities
Authors: Kats Yefim
Published: November 2021

This chapter outlines the integrated approach to support children and young adults diagnosed with learning disabilities and autism spectrum disorders (ASD). In this context, the authors, first, discuss the legislative background providing legal basis for the disability support in educational environments. They, further, address psychological and neurological aspects of learning disabilities and ASD diagnostics and consider how legislative and neurological issues influence special education methods, counseling, and instructional technology support. The educational tools addressed include mobile devices and applications, virtual reality, and robotics. The chapter concludes with a report on the development of college-level course in instructional technology, intended for technology facilitators and teachers working with the ASD students. The case study focuses primarily on the use of the affordable and popular LEGO robots. The holistic approach to support of those with disabilities, outlined in the chapter, combines educational leadership issues, psychological and job counseling, special education methods, and instructional technology.