bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deficiência de G6PD-Doença Prevalente e Pouco Divulgada
Authors: Suhail El Khatib Salem
Published: June 2024

The Glucose-6-Phosphate- Dehydrogenase (G6PD) Deficiency is a chromosome-X linked disorder, affecting about 400 to 500 million people worldwide, with several clinical presentations and this enzyme represents an import role in hexose monophosphate path and production of glutathione inside the red blood cell, as a protective agent against oxidant substances.
      Their genetic etiology is localized in the long arm of the X-chromosome in the region 28, with greater severity registered in males than females, as this sex don’t have a complete deficiency of this enzyme.
       The sequence of events that follows after the oxidant agent contact and glutathione decrease are the methaemoglobin production;globin denaturation and the Heinz Corpuscles formation on red cell membrane, resulting in hemoglobin leaking and as main event, hemolysis with destruction in the reticuloendothelial system.
        Clinical manifestations are wide, depending on degree of enzyme deficiency, the majority are asymptomatic, without anemia or cell destruction, but, it may occur a life-shortening of half-life in red blood cell, however, acute hemolysis can be triggered by medications;foods, mainly fava, a type of bean consumed in Middle East, and infections, with this event occurring commonly in mediterranean variant than in A, described in Introduction. 
Their classical presentation is from a patient after primaquine intake, medication for malaria infection, with highlight for G6PD A variant, mainly present for african-descendant individuals, symptomatic with jaundice;pallor and dark-urine, associated by hemoglobin fall, other contraindicated medications are antibiotics from Fluoroquinolone class (ciprofloxacin;moxifloxacin and norfloxacin);methylene blue;sulphonylurea like glipizide and glibenclamide, medications used for type-2 diabetes treatment and anti-uremic medication like rasburicase. 
Diagnostic tests can be qualitative or quantitative, for screening or confirmatory tests, like the direct antiglobulin; the G6PD activity rate and reduction of NADP;the production of NADPH in spectrophotometric method, in which this last test is a confirmatory way to diagnose the pathology, indications for the tests are: jaundice evaluation or hemolytic anemia without an specific cause;asymptomatic patients with high risk of deficiency before drugs administration or family members of an affected individual. 
This narrative review of literature proposes to offer a general panel about the pathology, as well about epidemiology and complications, because of their diet;medications and pathologies limitations that can cause hemolysis, additionally as Brazil is an endemic country for malaria and their medications also can cause hemolysis, it is important to do the health promotion and stimulate the disease importance to  get better resources for testing.
A UTILIZAÇÃO DE JOGOS NO PROCESSO DE ENSINO DA LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA
Authors: Macedo Fábio Henrique
Published: June 2024

This article discusses throughout its contents the process of using games in the routine of teaching and learning the Portuguese language, consolidating how teachers can insert the methodology of games into their routines, consolidating the teaching of the Portuguese language. The general objective is to highlight the mainaspects of using games in the Portuguese language teaching process. As for the specific objectives, these are: describe the main aspects of educational games; analyze how digital games can be applied to learning the Portuguese language. In the methodological part, a literature review was carried out, highlighting some of the main concepts and analyzes by renowned authors in the pedagogical field. Using mainly books, articles and dissertations published over the last 7 years, highlighting which procedures and aspects are fundamental in the routine of teaching the Portuguese language. It can be concluded that in the process of consolidating language and grammar, games are a positive playful tool.
RAÇAS E ETNIAS BRASILEIRAS
Authors: Do Nascimento Girlan Moreira , Félix Maria das Graças , Gomes Patriciana Martins , Alves Marisa de Oliveira
Published: June 2024

The article addresses the complexity of races and ethnicities in Brazil, highlighting the importance of educating ethnic-racial relations. The general objective of this work is to investigate and promote the understanding of ethnic-racial relations in Brazil, emphasizing racial and ethnic formation, miscegenation and inclusion, as well as the elements of Brazilian culture that reflect this diversity. The specific objectives are expected to: analyze the historical process of formation and miscegenation of the Brazilian population; evaluate racial and ethnic inclusion policies in Brazil; identify elements of Brazilian culture that represent ethnic-racial diversity; and promote the appreciation of Brazilian cultural identity. This study is justified by the need to understand and value Brazilian ethnic-racial diversity, promoting inclusive education that respects and celebrates differences. The analysis of Brazilian inclusion policies and cultural elements is crucial to foster a more fair and equitable society. The article is structured into two main chapters: first, the education of ethnic-racial relations in Brazil, focusing on formation and miscegenation and racial and ethnic inclusion; according to the elements of Brazilian culture, addressing cultural identity and ethnic-racial and cultural diversity.
Development of an Expert System for Outpatients
Authors: Adannaya Uneke Gift-Adene  , Udeh Ifeanyi Frank  , Ukegbu Chibuzor C  , Ali Sunday Ogbonnia  , Gift Adene
Published: June 2024

Outpatient care plays a crucial role in modern health care, often involving diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up care outside of hospital settings. The complexity of outpatient care coupled with the need for efficient and accurate decision-making, makes expert system a valuable tool for healthcare providers. The system aimed at the development of an expert system that leverages in artificial intelligence and medical knowledge to assist healthcare professionals in diagnosis. Evaluating the system’s ability to provide timely and accurate treatment recommendations, analyzing the user-friendliness of the system’s interface for healthcare practitioners and optimizing workflow processes are also captured. A thorough system study and investigation were done and data collected via interview; analysis about the current system using document and data flow diagrams was carried out. The methodology adopted is Top Down Model approach. Data flow, Entity Relationship diagram, Laravel (which is a dynamic PhP frame work) were the tools used for the development of the software. This work’s finding underscores the potential of expert system to enhance outpatient healthcare by improving diagnostic accuracy and facilitating evidence-based treatment decision. Evaluation with target users depicted that the system is efficient and user friendly.
Strength Analysis of Heat Treated Clay and Rice Husk Mixture
Authors: Ettah E. B  , Ekpo C. M  , Ishaje M. E
Published: June 2024

The strength analysis of Heat Treated Clay and Rice Husk Mixture was to ascertain the threshold temperature and the strength of the sample for construction work. The strength of the material was analysed to determine the threshold temperature to produce a satisfactory construction material from Rice Husk Ash and clay.  The materials used in this study include rice husk, clay, sieve shaker kiln, mould, muffle furnace, compression machine and Schmidt hammer. The rice husk was collected from the rice mill and dried under the sun and burnt in kiln at the temperature of 500o Celsius to 700o Celsius to become white grey and sieved with sieve shaker 15m to obtain smooth and fine ash and mixed with clay in different ratios of 500 : 500, 600 : 400, 700 : 300, 800 : 200 and 900 : 100 in grams, ash and clay respectively, and the mixture was introduced into moulds and was taken to unconfined compressive machine to determine the untrained strength and the stress-strain characteristic of the sample after that, the samples was left for four days to dry under room temperature and weigh before it was  heated in the furnace to ascertained the rate of water moisture in each of  the samples. From the furnace, the samples were reweighed to ascertained the water contain if at all there is, and at what rate.  Schmidt hammer was applied for impact test in mega paschal (Mpa) after heating. It was noticed that the mixture ratio of 900g ash: 100g clay gave the optimum strength for building and construction work. From the test results, compressive test sample E with the mixture of 900g ash and 100g clay shows that crushing load of 30.46Kn, strength of the material proves to be 3.33Nmm2, density of the material is 1245gm3, impact test result 22.7Mpa.
Analysis of Pedulilindungi Applications for Travelers in the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Dorothea Ingrid Susan Tomasowa  , Wiyarni Wiyarni
Published: June 2024

This study aim to investigate the acceptance of PeduliLindungi in the community, specially people in Central of Balikpapan city who perform PCR and antigen tests for traveling. For analyzing data, this research used user experience questionnaire (UEQ) tools that consists of 26 questions. The 26 questions in the UEQ tools can be classified become six categories, those categories are: attractiveness, perpicuity, efficiency, dependability, stimulation and novelty. Respondents of this study is 44 people and the results show that attractiveness, perspicuity, efficiency, dependability, stimulation, and novelty have positive evaluation. Novelty in this study has the lowest value, it means that PeduliLindugi application lack of creativity. If compare with data in the bencmark of UEQ tool, the PeduliLindungi has value below average.
LOAD-BEARING CAPACITY OF LIGHTWEIGHT REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS BY NON-REMOVABLE SPHERICAL VOID GENERATORS
Authors: TOSHIN Dmitrii , BULGAKOV Maxim , ZHDANOV Danila
Published: June 2024

The simplification of monolithic reinforced concrete structures can be considered as an option to reduce the material consumption in construction without compromising strength and reliability. The article presents the results of an experimental and theoretical assessment of the bearing capacity of a lightweight reinforced concrete beam made using non-removable spherical void generators. The results of the calculation of the hollow element according to the limiting forces and the nonlinear deformation model, as well as the experimental values of the bearing capacity, were compared with the corresponding values obtained for the classical beam of a solid rectangular section. In the experimental lightweight sample, a 23% reduction in concrete consumption and its own weight was achieved. A decrease in the load-bearing capacity of the lightweight beam was noted in comparison with the reference sample, while the experimental data exceed the corresponding calculated values. The nonlinear deformation model provides a greater margin of load-bearing capacity, calculation based on marginal forces – more economical design solutions. The data obtained in the study are characteristic exclusively for the case of plastic destruction of reinforced concrete beams. The work carried out has shown the possibility of manufacturing lightweight reinforced concrete structures using non-removable spherical voids and ensuring the design position of the inserts and reinforcement frame. Conclusions are drawn about the permissibility of applying normative calculation methods to lightweight bendable reinforced concrete structures.
TO ASSESS THE INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE FOR DEFORMATION OF A CIRCULAR CYLINDRICAL SHELLS CONSIDERING TWO TYPES OF ANISOTROPY
Authors: TRESHCHEV Alexander , TELICHKO Victor , DOROSHENKO Denis
Published: June 2024

This article studies the cylindrical shell that is the object of design in various industrial complexes. Attention is paid to the features of shells made of materials with structural and deformation anisotropy. The study examines the impact of structural orthotropy on the state of the shell during internal pressure loading. The effect of temperature on the shell is also considered, although the fields of temperature and mechanical stress can be considered independently of each other. Traditional models of thermomechanical loading turn out to be unreliable in the case of deformation anisotropy of materials, therefore, the technique of tensor space of normalized stresses is used in this work. The results of the study are presented in the form of differential equations and partial solutions that describe the characteristics of the shell state under loading.
Fidanacogene Elaparvovec (Beqvez)
Authors: CADTH
Published: June 2024

CADTH reimbursement reviews are comprehensive assessments of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, as well as patient and clinician perspectives, of a drug or drug class.
The assessments inform non-binding recommendations that help guide the reimbursement decisions of Canada's federal, provincial, and territorial governments, with the exception of Quebec.
This review assesses fidanacogene elaparvovec (Beqvez), concentrate solution for infusion, 1 × 1013 vg/mL, IV infusion.
Indication : Fidanacogene elaparvovec is an AAV vector–based gene therapy indicated for the treatment of adults (aged 18 years or older) with moderately severe to severe hemophilia B (congenital factor IX deficiency) who test negative for neutralizing antibodies to variant AAV serotype rh74.
Orta Ölçekli Futbol Sahasına Ait Aydınlatma Tasarımı
Authors: Doğanay Muhammed Maşuk
Published: June 2024

Aydınlatma, insanın görme duyusu için önemli bir faktör olup, insanların bulunduğu ortamda en rahat şekilde çalışabilmesi, dinlenebilmesi ya da yaşamını sürdürebilmesi için gerekli olmaktadır. Çalışma ortamlarında, görme duyusuna bağlı olan işlemler için insanın göz işlevini rahatsız etmeyecek biçimde ortamın aydınlatılması çok önemlidir. Bu sebeple, çalışma ortamı aydınlatmasının önemi ve aydınlatma tekniği kavramlarının açıklanması gerekmektedir. Burada, orta ölçekli bir spor tesisinin bilgisayar destekli dialux simülasyonu ve aydınlatma tasarımının gerçekleştirilmesine yönelik çalışmalar açıklanmıştır. Öncelikle çalışmanın gerçekleştirileceği spor tesisi bilgisayar destekli olarak modellenerek aydınlatma tasarımı için hazır hale getirilmiştir. Sonrasında ise, ortamın geometrik ölçüleri, gerekli aydınlık düzeyleri ve tercih edilen armatür/lambalar esas alınarak aydınlatma hesapları ve tasarımları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Tasarımda elde edilen mimari yerleşke, armatür/lamba konumlandırmaları ve aydınlatma değerleri çalışma içerisinde izah edilmiştir. Bu çalışma kapsamında bir spor tesisinin ölçekli olarak tasarımı ve gerekli aydınlatma seviyesinin hesap ağı değer aralıklarının analizi yapılmıştır.
METODE QIROATI DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MEMBACA ALQUR’AN DI SD ISLAM BUSTANU USYSYAQIL QURAN DESA LESMANA KECAMATAN AJIBARANG
Authors: ARIANI ATUN , HANIF MUH
Published: June 2024

This research was triggered by researchers' interest in the ability of young or elementary school children to be able to recite the Al-Quran through tartil, fluently, and using recitation correctly. The aim of this research is to understand how the Qiroati method is applied at the Bustanu Usysyaqil Quran Islamic Elementary School in Lesmana Village, Ajibarang District. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative. The research subject is the management of learning management at the Bustanu Usysyaqil Quran Islamic Elementary School, while the research object is the students' ability to read the Al-Quran. Data collection techniques used include observation, interviews and documentation. Data collection instruments include observation sheets and interviews with administrators, school principals and student parents. The data analysis technique uses qualitative descriptive analysis. The success of this research was assessed by increasing positive learning behavior as well as students' ability to read the Koran and memorize it.
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dipicu oleh ketertarikan peneliti terhadap kemampuan anak usia dini atau masih SD yang dapat melafalkan Al-Quran melalui tartil, fasih, dan menggunakan tajwid yang benar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami bagaimana metode Qiroati diterapkan di SD Islam Bustanu Usysyaqil Quran di Desa Lesmana Kecamatan Ajibarang. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Subjek penelitian adalah pengelolaan manajemen pembelajaran di SD Islam Bustanu Usysyaqil Quran, sedangkan objek penelitian adalah kemampuan peserta didik dalam membaca Al-Quran. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan meliputi observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Instrumen pengumpulan data berupa lembar observasi dan wawancara dengan pengelola, kepala sekolah, dan wali murid. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Keberhasilan penelitian ini dinilai dari peningkatan perilaku belajar yang positif serta kemampuan membaca Al-Quran dan hafalan peserta didik.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN DISPOSISI MATEMATIS SISWA SD/MI
Authors: NUR WASKIAH , HASANAH NURUL , SOFIYAH KHOTNA
Published: June 2024

This research aims to improve students' mathematical disposition abilities by using a problem-based learning model. The research design carried out was a pretest-posttest control group design with a population of all class IV students at SDN 076 Panyabungan. Based on the data analysis obtained, the effect of the problem-based learning model was very significantly applied to improve the disposition abilities of class IV students at SDN 076 Panyabungan. Research data was obtained through critical thinking ability tests and mathematical disposition scales. The increase in the mathematical disposition of students who receive problem-based learning is higher than students who receive conventional learning. So it is concluded that the application of problem-based learning can improve students' mathematical disposition abilities.
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan disposisi matematis siswa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah. Desain penelitian yang dilakukan adalah desain pretest-posttest control group design dengan populasi seluruh siswa kelas IV SDN 076 Panyabungan. Berdasarkan analisis data yang diperoleh pengaruh model pembelajaran berbasis masalah sangat signifikan diterapkan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan disposisi siswa kelas IV SDN 076 Panyabungan. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui tes kemampuan berpikir kritis dan skala disposisi matematis. Peningkatan disposisi matematis siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran berbasis masalah lebih tinggi dari siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran konvensional. Sehingga disimpulkan bahwa penerapan pembelajaran berbasis masalah dapat meningkatkan kemampuan disposisi matematis siswa.
Hubungan Sanitasi Dasar dengan Kejadian Stunting di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Lipulalongo Kabupaten Banggai Laut Tahun 2023
Authors: Yusuf Andi Muhammad , Sakati Sandy Novriyanto , Dwicahya Bambang
Published: June 2024

Infeksi saluran pernafasan akut (ISPA) merupakan salah satu masalah Kesehatan yang angka kejadiannya cukup tinggi didunia. Hal ini disebabkan masih tingginya angka kesakitan dan angka kematian karenaISPA khususnya pneumonia. Kurangnya perhatian terhadap penyakit ini menyebabkan pneumonia menjadi pembunuh utama khususnya pada anak dibawah usia lima tahun (balita). Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran kondisi rumah berupa luas ventilasi, kepemilikan lubang asap, jenis lantai, jenis dinding dan hunian rumah pada rumah penderita ISPA di Kabupaten Banggai Laut. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif untuk menggambarkan kondisi fisik rumah balita penderita ISPA di Kabupaten Banggai Laut. Luas ventilasi rumah di Kabupaten Banggai Laut memenuhi syarat sebanyak 1 (1,2%) dan yang tidak memenuhi syarat sebanyak 82 (98,8%), jenis lantai rumah di Kabupaten Banggai Laut yang memenuhi syarat sebanyak 74 (89,2%) dan tidak memenuhi syarat yaitu 9 (10.8%). jenis dinding yang memenuhi syarat sebanyak 78 (94.0%) rumah dan tidak memenuhi syarat yaitu 5 (6.0%), kepadatan hunian rumah di Kabupaten Banggai Laut yang memenuhi syarat 77 (93%) rumah, Kepemilikan lubang asap rumah di Kabupaten Banggai Laut yang memiliki sebanyak 1(1.2%) rumah dan tidak memeiliki sebanyak 82 (98.8%) rumah. 
Acute respiratory tract infection (ARI) is a health problem whose incidence rate is quite high in the world. This is due to the still high morbidity and mortality rates due to ISPA, especially pneumonia. Lack of attention to this disease causes pneumonia to become the main killer, especially in children under five years of age (toddlers). The research aims to get an overview of house conditions in the form of ventilation area, smoke hole ownership, floor type, wall type and house occupancy in houses of ISPA sufferers in Banggai Laut Regency. The type of research used in this research is descriptive to describe the physical condition of the homes of toddlers suffering from ISPA in Banggai Laut Regency. The ventilation area of houses in Banggai Laut Regency that meets the requirements is 1 (1.2%) and that does not meet the requirements is 82 (98.8%), the type of house floor in Banggai Laut Regency that meets the requirements is 74 (89.2%) and did not meet the requirements, namely 9 (10.8%). The types of walls that meet the requirements are 78 (94.0%) houses and those that do not meet the requirements are 5 (6.0%), the residential density of houses in Banggai Laut Regency that meets the requirements is 77 (93%) houses, Ownership of house smoke holes in Banggai Laut Regency that has 1 (1.2%) house and 82 (98.8%) houses do not own it.
A DEFESA DO USUÁRIO DO SERVIÇO PÚBLICO: A LEI N° 13.460 E SUA EFETIVIDADE NA PRESTAÇÃO DOS SERVIÇOS PÚBLICOS
Authors: Alves Kauan Eduardo Candeira , Vasconcelos Wenedy de Oliveira , Aguiar Vera Mônica Queiroz Fernandes , Nobre Chimene Kuhn
Published: June 2024

A Lei nº 13.460, conhecida como o Código de Defesa dos Usuários dos Serviços Públicos, surgiu devido à crescente demanda por resolver questões na prestação de serviços públicos no Brasil, esta legislação visa proteger os direitos e deveres dos usuários do setor público, contribuindo para uma administração mais eficaz. O estudo analisa se a lei é um instrumento efetivo de defesa dos usuários de serviços públicos, ampliando o conhecimento e divulgando seus direitos e deveres. A efetividade da lei depende da aplicação correta e da fiscalização pelos órgãos competentes, garantindo que os usuários conheçam seus direitos e que as instituições públicas garantam a qualidade e eficiência dos serviços prestados. A Lei 13.460 também confere às Ouvidorias Públicas a capacidade de adotar medidas como mediação e conciliação entre os usuários e a administração pública, promovendo assim uma melhor prestação de serviços públicos.
RETRATOS DA DIMINUIÇÃO DAS ASSIMETRIAS NA PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM EDUCAÇÃO: História, Políticas, Educação – Vol. 1
Authors: Fernandes Solange Jarcem , de Carvalho Sebastião Donizete
Published: June 2024

O objetivo deste volume, contempla processos/resultados de análises e estudos produzidas na turma temporária de Doutorado (DINTER) acadêmico, conduzida pelo Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação (PPGEDU), nas dependências da Faculdade de Educação, da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul. Diante disso, o conteúdo, aqui exposto, incursiona pelas formas de produção de sentidos para a pesquisa em educação, nas três entradas organizadas pela Linha de Pesquisa História, Políticas, Educação. Tais entradas além de otimizar a qualificação de recursos humanos na área, atende as demandas sociais, profissionais, técnicas e tecnológicas de organizações públicas ou privadas, proporcionando a diminuição das assimetrias regionais.
Advocating for Family Well-being in a Transforming and Broken World: A Practical and Eco-Theological assessment
Authors:   Ovidius University of Constanta, Doctoral School, Constanta, Romania, Freeks Fazel Ebrihiam
Published: June 2024

This paper presents an intervention aimed at enhancing family well-being through eco-theology. Through a comprehensive approach, including a literature review, survey, interviews, and pastoral or biblical counseling, this study examines intricate connections between religion, nature, society, church, and the family, particularly in light of urgent ecological concerns. The social ills of our society are real-life situations that impact the eco-system. While eco-theology emphasizes sustainability, ethical concerns, and environmental stewardship, it also recognizes the threats posed by father absence, gender-based violence (GBV), and moral and ethical quandaries, especially within the family context. Eco-theology, as a form of constructive theology, delves into these relationships within the framework of God's design, grounded in the Being of the triune God. However, contemporary societal perspectives often depict families as marred by abuse, brokenness, divorce, and violence, deviating from the divine intent. The disruption of family life reverberates through society, violating fundamental social morals and community values. In the context of South Africa, significant changes in family composition contribute to numerous broken relationships. Practical theology contends that the Bible serves as the foundation for Christian living within the realms of family, church, and community (2 Tim 3:16), emphasizing God's care and concern for families. Pastoral care, a division of practical theology, addresses prevalent social issues such as father absence, GBV, and moral and values quandaries. Therefore, an intervention is crucial for addressing these social issues and providing training, equipping, empowering, resources, and support to families. Through a series of discussions and inquiries focused on parenting, family well-being, values, and relationships, this intervention aims to foster a deeper understanding and implementation of strategies to address these pressing issues prevalent within South African families.
Tinjauan Yuridis Budaya Hukum Dalam Penanggulangan Tindak Pidana Perjudian Sabung Ayam Dan Kartu Di Kabupaten Kebumen
Authors: Pamungkas Ferdian , Irza Muhammad Yusril
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Gambling is dangerous for society, nation, and state, as well as very contradictive with religion, ethics and morality. Several gambling forms have developed in daily life, many do it either openly or secretly. Society considers that gambling is something ordinary, not violating the law, not be issued by local community, and even assumes that gambling is only a small violation. This research uses empirical normative research. The data sources that are used are primary and secondary data sources that are obtained from primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. Primary data obtaining method is done by interview and secondary data obtaining method is done using related documents. The result of this research states that: (i) Society views that gambling is considered as ordinary act and becomes daily livelihood. Society views and values gambling as a recreation and accepts its existence, which they value it based only on its profit, without considering the negative impact. (ii) Coping of Cockfight Gambling and Card Gambling are using Economical, Legal, Social, and Religious Approach. People hold conference in order to give appeal/warning directly or indirectly.
Keywords: Legal Culture, Gambling; Cockfighting, Playing Cards

Abstrak
Judi berbahaya bagi masyarakat, bangsa, dan negara, serta sangat kontradiktif dengan agama, etika dan moralitas. Berbagai bentuk perjudian telah berkembang dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, banyak yang melakukannya baik secara terbuka maupun sembunyi-sembunyi. Masyarakat menilai bahwa perjudian adalah sesuatu yang biasa, tidak melanggar hukum, tidak dikeluarkan oleh masyarakat setempat, bahkan menganggap bahwa perjudian hanyalah pelanggaran kecil. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian normatif empiris. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah sumber data primer dan sekunder yang diperoleh dari bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Metode pengumpulan data primer dilakukan dengan wawancara dan metode pengambilan data sekunder dilakukan dengan menggunakan dokumen terkait. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa: (i) Masyarakat memandang bahwa perjudian dianggap sebagai perbuatan biasa dan menjadi mata pencaharian sehari-hari. Masyarakat memandang dan menghargai perjudian sebagai rekreasi dan menerima keberadaannya, yang mereka hargai hanya berdasarkan keuntungannya, tanpa mempertimbangkan dampak negatifnya. (ii) Penanganan Judi Sabung Ayam dan Judi Kartu menggunakan Pendekatan Ekonomis, Hukum, Sosial, dan Keagamaan. Orang-orang mengadakan konferensi untuk memberikan himbauan/ peringatan secara langsung maupun tidak langsung.
Kata Kunci: Budaya Hukum, Perjudian; Sambung Ayam, Kartu Remi
Soil respiration across a variety of tree-covered urban green spaces in Helsinki, Finland
Authors: Karvinen Esko , Backman Leif , Järvi Leena , Kulmala Liisa
Published: June 2024

Abstract. As an increasing share of the human population is being clustered in cities, urban areas have swiftly become the epicentres of anthropogenic carbon (C) emissions. Understanding different parts of the biogenic C cycle in urban ecosystems is needed in order to assess the potential to enhance their C stocks as a cost-efficient means to balance the C emissions and mitigate climate change. Here, we conducted a field measurement campaign over three consecutive growing seasons to examine soil respiration carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes and soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks at four measurement sites in Helsinki, representing different types of tree-covered urban green space commonly found in northern European cities. We expected to find variation in the main drivers of soil respiration – soil temperature, soil moisture, and SOC – as a result of the heterogeneity of urban landscape and that this variation would be reflected in the measured soil respiration rates. In the end, we could see fairly constant statistically significant differences between the sites in terms of soil temperature but only sporadic and seemingly momentary differences in soil moisture and soil respiration. There were also statistically significant differences in SOC stocks: the highest SOC stock was found in inactively managed deciduous urban forest and the lowest under managed streetside lawn with common linden trees. We studied the impacts of the urban heat island (UHI) effect and irrigation on heterotrophic soil respiration with process-based model simulations and found that the variation created by the UHI is relatively minor compared to the increase associated with active irrigation, especially during dry summers. We conclude that, within our study area, the observed variation in soil temperature alone was not enough to cause variation in soil respiration rates between the studied green space types, perhaps because the soil moisture conditions were uniform. Thus, irrigation could potentially be a key factor in altering the soil respiration dynamics in urban green space both within the urban area and in comparison to non-urban ecosystems.
É POSSÍVEL NEGÓCIO PROCESSUAL SOBRE PROVAS? EM QUE TERMOS?
Authors: Roberto Del Duque Luciano , de Paula Lima Isaac Mattaraia Fabiana
Published: June 2024

O objetivo do presente trabalho é responder o questionamento feito pela Associação Brasileira de Direito Processual no seu encontro realizado em Uberaba, MG, em novembro de 2023, no Campus da Universidade de Uberaba: é possível negócio processual sobre provas? Em que termos? Pela propriedade adota-se a pergunta como título. Na pesquisa será aplicado o método hipotético-dedutivo onde o problema a ser enfrentado está na primeira parte da indagação. A resposta afirmativa é a hipótese defendida como resultado da investigação. E as demais são de confrontação (teste), extraídas do que foi apurado em relação ao objeto na tentativa de infirmá-lo. Será manejada pesquisa qualitativa (abordagem), visando a obtenção de informações, aplicada (natureza), buscando compreender a realidade do objeto, exploratória (objetivo), enfatizando a construção das teses contrárias e bibliográfica (procedimento), com incursão em livros, periódicos, artigos científicos, páginas de web sites etc, para afirmar a conclusão.
Ֆալիբիլիզմի զարգացումը 19-րդ դարի պրագմատիզմի փիլիսոփայությունում / THE DEVELOPMENT OF FALLIBILISM IN THE PHILOSOPHY OF PRAGMATISM IN 19TH CENTURY
Authors: AKELYAN DAVIT
Published: June 2024

The primary goal of the article is to reveal the development of fallibilism and its
main principles within the epistemological and scientific frameworks of various 19thcentury philosophers, with a particular emphasis on the pragmatist movement.
To achieve its goal, the article seeks to address several key objectives: to
scrutinize the epistemological, scientific, and other philosophical perspectives of
numerous 19th-century thinkers who played a pivotal role in shaping and advancing
fallibilism; to investigate the similarities and distinctions among the pragmatist
philosophers who significantly contributed to the development of fallibilism; and to identify the main trajectories in the emergence and expression of fallibilism during this period.
Many primary sources and articles were used in the research, employing a variety
of methodological approaches including analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction,
analogy, and historical comparison.
The main conclusion of the research is that several 19th-century philosophers and
scientists, notably Charles Peirce, William James, and John Dewey, played a critical role
in articulating and advancing the core tenets of fallibilism. Their work highlighted the
inevitability of perpetual doubt and error in the process of knowledge acquisition,
underscoring the significant epistemological and methodological roles of fallibilism. This research demonstrates that the foundational principles of fallibilism were not only
recognized in the 19th century but were also applied across various domains of
knowledge, addressing social and political issues. Such insights are crucial for future
investigations into the broader applicability of fallibilism beyond strictly epistemological
contexts.
Formação docente na América Latina: um paralelo entre Brasil e Paraguai
Authors: Cruz Francisca da Silva , Teixeira Liziana Arâmbula , Silva Thaise da
Published: June 2024

Este estudo teve como objetivo compreender a estrutura educacional do Brasil e do Paraguai, destacando a formação de professores que atuam em turmas de alfabetização. Para tanto, desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa qualitativa do tipo documental, na qual foram analisados documentos legais que estabelecem a organização dos sistemas educacionais brasileiro e paraguaio, bem como a formação de professores e sites que auxiliam na formação continuada de alfabetizadores em ambos os países. O aporte teórico que fundamentou esta pesquisa foi o dos Estudos Culturais. Ao concluir a investigação, compreendeu-se que os sistemas de ensino das nações referidas garantem o acesso à educação. Assim sendo, ambos exigem prioritariamente o grau superior para que o professor seja considerado apto para exercer suas funções e, no que diz respeito à formação continuada de alfabetizadores, ela vem ocorrendo via plataformas on-line em programas denominados Paraguay Aprende, em vigor, e Tempo de Aprender, encerrado em 2023.
Instituto de Educação Prof. Cesar Prieto Martinez (1924-1996): caminhos e descaminhos de uma escola de formação de professores
Authors: Dozza Subtil Maria José
Published: June 2024

Este artigo apresenta uma análise da história da formação de docentes no Instituto de Educação Estadual Prof. Cesar Prieto Martinez, no período de 1924 a 1996 (Ponta Grossa – Paraná). A pesquisa envolveu a análise de documentos sobre a criação da Escola Normal de Ponta Grossa (inaugurada em 1924) e do Instituto de Educação, a análise de relatórios finais de aprovação, reprovação e evasão e entrevistas com professoras e ex-diretoras. Indica-se que a história do Instituto de Educação Prof. Cesar Prieto Martinez, de Ponta Grossa, confirma a relação que se trava entre as forças externas da sociedade e as relações pedagógicas no interior das instituições. Além dos embates políticos que revelam a correlação de forças no interior do aparato estatal em determinados momentos históricos, que são determinantes na consecução ou não de propostas educacionais, o artigo destaca as mudanças de concepção que estabeleceram modificações no aparato conceitual com relação ao que significa ser professor e sua importância na sociedade.
Targeting Debt in Pakistan: A Structural Macro-Econometric Model
Authors: Fatemah Ambreen , Haq Ahsan ul
Published: June 2024

Unsustainable debt levels pose serious economic risks, potentially leading to financial instability when repayments become challenging. This paper investigates the intricate dynamics of Pakistan's debt. It aims to assess its sustainability within a broader eclectic and dynamic framework of responsible fiscal management using macro-econometric analysis. A structural macro-econometric model (MEM) based on five blocks has been developed, i.e., Government, Price, Real, Monetary, and External sectors. Moreover, it comprises sixteen behavioral equations along with ten identities. The Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) has been used to estimate the system of behavioral equations and identities to solve the endogeneity problem, while the Guass-Seidel algorithm is used for model simulation purposes, including dynamic & stochastic simulations. Forecasting has been done from 2023 – 2030. Moreover, three main policy variables, i.e., inflation, exchange rate, and government expenditures, have been given shocks to evaluate their impact on future external borrowing, interest payments along with imports, exports, and net foreign and domestic assets. The results revealed that an effective monetary & fiscal policy must be designed to stabilize the economic conditions to manage external debt and repayments effectively. Moreover, to cope with unsustainable debt conditions, it is required to follow strict fiscal discipline via designing & adhering to a budget that prioritizes inflationary controls and responsible spending practices.
Effect of light intensity on the photo-oxidation stability of red and yellow palm olein mixture
Authors: Fortuna Ayu Dewi , Diharmi Andarini , Herawati Netti , Payla Juarsa Rahmadini
Published: June 2024

Palm oil is an edible oil derived from the mesocarp of oil palm fruit (Elaeis guineensis), which has a high content of carotenoids and tocopherol components.  This research aimed to study the effects of light intensity on the photo-oxidation stability of a red and yellow palm olein mixture.  The red and yellow palm oleins were mixed into 100, 200, and 350 ppm carotene content.  The photo-oxidation stability of the palm olein mixture was investigated under fluorescent light intensities of 5,000 and 10,000 lux at 31 ±2 °C for 7 days.  Changes in the content of chlorophyll, carotene, tocopherols, and peroxide value (PV) were evaluated daily.  The results showed that an increase in carotene and tocopherol contents effectively improved the photo-oxidative stability of the palm olein mixture.  Degradation of chlorophyll, tocopherols, and increased PV were proportional to light intensity during photo-oxidation. There were no significant changes in carotene content at 5,000 lux light intensity exposure. The degradation rates of chlorophyll and tocopherols can be described as first-order reaction kinetics. In contrast, the increase rate of PV can be described as a zero-order kinetics model with k-values of 6.6 x 10-2, 4.9 x 10-2, 3.7 x 10-2 mequiv.kg-1.h-1, and 8.3 x 10-2, 6.8 x 10-2, and 5.6 x 10-2 mequiv.kg-1.h-1 in palm olein mixture, which contains 100, 200, and 350 ppm carotene at 5,000 and 10,000 lux light intensity exposure, respectively. These results suggested that carotene protected tocopherol in palm olein and that tocopherol and carotene synergistically acted as singlet oxygen quenchers during photo-oxidation.
A new magmatic crystallization age constraint for the Petrota gabbroic complex from the Jurassic Evros ophiolite, eastern Circum-Rhodope Belt, NE Greece
Authors: Bonev Nikolay
Published: June 2024

The Circum-Rhodope Belt is a major tectonic unit that frames both the Rhodope and the Serbo-Macedonian zones of the Alpine orogen in the northern Aegean region. In the eastern part of the Circum-Rhodope Belt, the supra-subduction zone Evros ophiolite is an important crustal component that spans 176 Ma to 169 Ma magmatic activity, which cooled down to 550 °C around 164 Ma according to published radiometric dating. This incomplete ophiolite contains in its upper crustal section gabbroic complexes, to- gether with massive and pillow lavas and dykes. In this contribution, in one of these gabbroic complexes, namely the Petrota gabbroic complex, a cross-cutting basalt dyke was dated to refine the timing of the gabbro crystallization and the temporal spread of the magmatic evolution for the whole complex. The basalt dyke yielded magmatic crystallization age at 164.5±0.93 Ma as derived from U-Pb zircon geochronology. This new crystallization age confirms the previous age for the Petrota gabbro crystallization at 169±2 Ma, but extends the span of the magmatic evolution within 7–8 Myr-lasting time interval (including the analytical errors) for the complex. The latter time interval is comparable in span to the magmatic evolution of another Evros ophi- olite gabbro occurrence at the town of Didymotycho in northeastern Greece.
Geophagia (Pica) Could Be Consideration a Substrate for Addiction?
Authors: Prasad Sambhu , Mallik Sulagna
Published: June 2024

Features of ingestion of a large amount of soil or non-nutritive substance are found more frequently in children who spend a great deal of time outdoors as a feature of hand-to-mouth activities, although such behaviour is quite rare in adulthood. Geophagia is an intentional, chronic, and often non-addictive consumption of soil. It has a number of features similar to those of addictive disorders; thus, this case series emphasizes this view, challenging the classification of pica as an eating disorder.

Keywords: Pica, eating disorder, substrate of addiction
The Use of Different Dental Notation Systems among Dental Practitioners in Benghazi
Authors: Elmehadwi Huda , M. Aljalali Huda , E. Mahjoub Hana
Published: June 2024

Dental notation systems (DNSs) play a crucial role in dentistry, facilitating accurate communication and efficient record-keeping. In this study, we explore the use of different dental notation systems among dental professionals in Benghazi.
Background: As the Dental notation systems utilize symbols and abbreviations to represent specific teeth, these systems enable effective communication between dental professionals, laboratory technicians, and dental assistants.
Aim: To assess the knowledge, awareness and practice of DNSs by the dentists in Benghazi dental clinics and to know the most common types of DNSs used in Benghazi dental clinics
Materials & method: A cross-sectional survey. a self-completed structured questionnaire containing yes or no questions was randomly distributed to Benghazi dentists during the summer 2023. The survey comprised of the gender, and experience. The remaining part focused on the questions related to most commonly used and understandable Tooth numbering system.
Results 69 responses on the randomly distributed questionnaire to dentists were received. 91.3 % 0f participants were females and only 8.7% were males. The results revealed that the participants used Palmer system very common 63.8% and 72.5% for primary dentition and permanent dentition respectively
Conclusion: The most common type is Palmer system for both primary and permanent teeth but there is shift toward electronic communication which favors the FDI system. Clarity, consistency, and ease of use remain critical considerations for effective dental notation.

Keywords: Notation, Tooth numbering system (TNS), FDI, Palmer, Universal system
Various Treatment Modalities of Oral Lichen Planus: A Concise Review
Authors: Kohli Sahil
Published: June 2024

Oral Lichen Planus (OLP) is an autoimmune, mucocutaneous disorder present in the oral cavity. Besides oral mucosa, skin, scalp and genital mucosa can also get affected. Middle aged females are mostly affected. It is a precancerous lesion and its atrophic and erosive forms are painful. The patient can experience burning sensation and discomfort in such cases. It is chronic inflammatory disorder and it mostly affects adults. Cytotoxic T cells play an important role in its pathogenesis. This disorder is also triggered by viral and bacterial infections. The treatment plan aims in reducing the inflammation and include various treatment modalities such as corticosteroids, retinoids, immunosuppressants, antifungals, calcineurin inhibitors, vitamin A, curcumin and lasers. The corticosteroids, in the form of intralesional injections, topical agents and systemic drugs, are an important part in the management of this disorder. The photodyanamic therapy is also an important treatment option to control this disease.

Keywords: mucocutaneous, disorder, inflammation, treatment, corticosteroids
Geothermal Prospect Zone Estimation Based on Landsat 8 Satellite Imagery (Case Study Around Gedongsongo)
Authors: Izzatinavia Alma , Yulianto Tony , Nurwidyanto M. Irham
Published: June 2024

Indonesia possesses significant geothermal potential due to its geographical location situated among three active tectonic plates. The vast geothermal potential has led to a portion of it being underexploited due to the difficulty in identifying the exact locations field of geothermal potential. Hence, exploration activities are required to discover these potential geothermal sites without direct field explorations. The geothermal potential that needs further development lies in the Gedongsongo area, District, Semarang, Central Java, specifically on the southern slopes of Mount Ungaran. This research aims to map the surface temperature and estimate geothermal potential areas in the study area using Landsat 8 satellite image data. The analysis of surface temperature mapping can utilize remote sensing by leveraging thermal images from satellite data using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) method, Land Surface Temperature (LST) method, and Fault Fracture Density (FFD) method. The overlay results of these three parameters produced a geothermal potential map in the areas of Candi Village and Kenteng Vilage, indicating several areas predicting geothermal potential. In Candi Village, three potential geothermal areas were identified with high and very high potential levels, having a moderate lineament density ranging from 1.07 to 1.8 km2, with ground surface temperatures ranging from 21 to 26 °C. For the potential areas in Kenteng Village, two potential geothermal areas were found with high and very high potential levels, showing a density of 1.8 to 5.78 km2, and ground surface temperatures ranging from 21 to 26 °C.

Keywords: Gedongsongo, remote sensing, vegetation density, land surface temperature, fracture density