bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Materialist Tendency, Job Stress, Supervisor Support and Work-Family Life Conflict on Job and Life Satisfactions
Authors: BAYRAKTAR Enes , ŞENTÜRK Faruk Kerem
Published: May 2020

Purpose of the research, based on the opinions of Düzce Police Department personnel, is to determine the effect of materialist tendency, job stress, supervisor support, work-family and family-work conflicts on job and life satisfaction. The research population consists of a total of 839 Düzce Police Department employees, 631 of whom work in the center and 208 in the districts. The study data were collected between the dates 18.07.2017-15.08.2017. The sample of the study consists of 153 employees involved in the universe of the study. The data of the study was obtained by the authorities of Düzce Police Department, delivering the surveys to their staff and delivering them to by taking returns. According to the results of the study, materialist tendency, job stress and work-family and family-work conflict have no statistically significant effect on the job and life satisfaction of the employees, whereas it has been found that supervisor support has a positive effect on job and life satisfaction.
Mobilya Sektöründe Yeni Ürün Geliştirme Kararlarında Müşteri Katılımının Önemi: Ofis Mobilyaları Üzerinde Bir Çalışma
Authors: DEMİR Burak , KAZANÇOĞLU İpek
Published: May 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı çeşitli müşteri istek ve ihtiyaçlarına göre modernize edilmiş klasik, fonksiyonel, lüks, estetik görünümlü ofis mobilyalarının fikir, tasarım, proje değerlendirme, test gibi aşamalarından lansman sürecine kadar olan yeni ürün geliştirme adımlarının müşteri katılımı ve çözümleriyle birlikte nasıl yol aldığını irdelemektir. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden kalitatif araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Örneklem seçimi tesadüfi olmayan yöntemlerden kartopu örneklem tekniği ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. İzmir Karabağlar ilinde faaliyet gösteren ofis mobilyaları şirketleri ile yüz yüze görüşme yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin analizinde, betimsel analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bulgulara göre müşteri katılımının yeni ürün geliştirme sürecinde önemli olduğu vurgulanmış, katılım seviyesinin en çok fikir ve lansman sürecinde ortaya çıktığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. B2B pazarlama kapsamında yapılan araştırmaların azlığı sebebiyle özellikle müşteri ihtiyaçları ışığında gerçekleştirilen iş ilişkileri, yeni ürün geliştirme bağlamında literatüre farklı bir bakış açısı kazandırması planlanmaktadır.
KESESUAIAN DAERAH PENANGKAPAN RAJUNGAN (Portunus pelagicus) MENGGUNAKAN ANALISIS SPASIAL PARAMETER LINGKUNGAN DAN HASIL TANGKAPAN DI PULAU LANCANG
Authors: Rahimah Insaniah , Siregar Vincentius , Agus Syamsul
Published: May 2020

The blue swimming crab in the waters of Lancang Island is indicated as being overfished. Hence, the major challenge is managing its utilization in a proper manner. The purpose of this study is to explore the water's characteristics which is suitable for blue swimming crab fishing. Accordingly, the potential fishing ground around Lancang Island waters can be mapped spatially as an initial effort for species preservation. Geospatial analysis was applied to assess the physical parameters of the existing habitat. The results show that parameters such as MPT, TDS, brightness, phosphate, nitrate, depth and substrate types were remarkably suitable to support the growth of blue swimming crabs. Meanwhile, parameters such as salinity, DO, and temperature show lower quality which implied that the habitat is less suitable. However, the result of weighting and reclassification conclude that Lancang island waters is a decent habitat for blue swimming crab. Catch data show that 40% blue swimming crabs have small carapace size (7-11.83 cm) which is undersized and prohibited by law. Furthermore, about 68% of catch are quite light (30-147 gr) and the sex ratio of males to females was 1:2. It was also revealed that approximately 35% of female species were carrying eggs (BEF/barried female).

Keywords: geospatial, fishing ground, suitability, Lancang Island, blue swimming crab.
Social Distancing Challenges for Marginal Communities during COVID-19 Pandemic in Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmed Nova , Jahangir Rony Rahat , Tuz Zaman Kimia
Published: May 2020

This study presents the challenges of marginal communities in maintaining social distances during the COVID-19 pandemic. We focused on garment worker communities in Bangladesh. The current living conditions put the community at high risk due to the contagious nature of COVID-19. The study involved 55 garment workers (32 female) living in three different regions--Ashulia, Gazipur, and Mirpur of Bangladesh. Through a qualitative research method, three critical aspects were studied. First, the inability to maintain social distancing in the community living in close proximity. Second, there is a lack of concern about healthcare among the community and, finally, the absence of preparation for crisis management. The research work proposes policy level intervention for better healthcare in the light of the pandemic that can be helpful in the coming days.
Life in Nuzi’s Suburbs
Authors: Maidman Maynard P.
Published: May 2020

Nuzi was a town in what is today northeastern Iraq. It flourished as part of the kingdom of Mittanni from about 1475 to 1350 BCE, early in the Late Bronze Age. Uniquely for a town of its moderate size, Nuzi produced a huge number of documents of which almost 7,000 survive. These include economic, legal, administrative, and even a few scholastic texts. They come from government offices in the town, private houses from several of the town’s neighborhoods, and private villas in Nuzi’s wealthy suburbs. The present volume presents text editions, including transliterations, translations, and analyses of some  of these tablets from the suburbs, predominantly from a single family’s records, a huge private archive, one of the largest ever to have been unearthed in the entire ancient world.
Sinema - Bilim - Felsefe Triyalektiği: Kuantumun Çoklu Referans Sistemi ve Sinematik Anlatıya Yansımaları
Authors: TOKDİL Ezgi
Published: May 2020

Araştırmada 20. yüzyıl ve devamında, mikro dünyanın tanımlanmasına yönelik ortaya konulan olağan bilimsel etkinlikler dönemini kapsayan kuantum fiziği ve onun evrenin tanımlanmasına getirdiği temel kuram ve ilkeler analiz edilerek, 1920'lerden itibaren deneysel film ve 20. yüzyıl sonlarından itibaren modern sinemaya yansımaları incelenmektedir. Bu doğrultuda hem bilimsel gerçekliğin sinemaya konu bağlamında yansımaları (bilimin gelişimsel yönünün sinemanın anlatı biçimlerini değiştirmesi) ve teknolojik olanakların değişen dünyanın değişen dilini sinematik felsefe bakımından etkilemesi hem de kuantum alanına ilişkin temel ilke ve söylemlerin sinematik düşünce ve/ya sinematik imge üzerindeki paralel söylem dilinin/ görüntü özelliklerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır.
Bu paralel ilişkiyi tanımlamak ve anlamak adına örnekleme alınan filmler üzerinden karşılaştırmalı bir analiz gerçekleştirilerek, sinematik düşüncenin bilimsel aklı nasıl yorumladığı, söz konusu yorumlamanın hangi yöntemlerle yapıldığı, gerçeklik çizgisinin sinema felsefesinde hangi sınırda yer aldığı ve paradigma değişiminin bütün olarak sinema-felsefe- bilim triyalektiğini nasıl yönlendirdiği analiz edilmektedir.
Lev Kuleshov, Vsevolod Pudovkin, David W. Griffith, Sergei Eisenstein ve Dziga Vertov'un montaj tekniğini kullandığı filmler, Fernand Leger'in Dudley Murphy ile yönetmenliğini üstlendiği Ballet Mécanique (1924) filmi, Germaine Dulac'ın, Hans Richter'ın, Man Ray ve Viking Eggeling'in deneysel sinema örnekleri, Duchamp'ın sinema alanına katkıları, Jean-Luc Godard'ın Breathless filmi (1960), Paul Thomas Anderson'ın Magnolia filmi (1999), Butterfly Effect (2004), Another Earth, J. J. Abrams, Alex Kurtzman ve Roberto Orci tarafından kurgulanan bilimkurgu dizisi Fringe (2008-2013) ve 1999 yapımı Matrix filmi ile 2014 yapımı Interstaller bilimsel gelişmenin ve kuantum alanına ilişkin temel ilke ve yaklaşımların sinema alanına yansımalarının örneklendirildiği filmler olarak incelenmektedir. Bu filmlerde yer alan gerçeklik yaklaşımı; 20. yüzyılın başlarından itibaren her alanda yaşanan büyük değişimlerin etkisinde Newtonsal kabullerden kurtulmuş ve göreli evren anlayışı ile çoklu referans sistemlerinde tanımlanabilen bir gerçekliğe adım atmış yeni bilincin ürünüdür.
Sinemanın Özüne Bir Yolculuk: “Saf Sinema” Olgusunu Tartışmak ve Bir Örnek Olarak Yol Kenarı Filmi
Authors: ARIK Mert Can
Published: May 2020

İlk olarak 1920’lerde Fransız-Avangart sinemacılarca önerilen, o zamandan beri de film yapımcıları, yönetmenleri ve sinema akademisi tarafından tartışılan saf sinema kavramı, oldukça belirsiz ve çerçevesi zor çizilen bir kavram olarak karşımızda durmaktadır. Ancak tüm bu tartışmalı noktada dahi saf sinemanın film yapımındaki diğer sanatsal medyumların bilinçli olarak reddedilmesi, özellikle edebiyatın anlatı üzerindeki etkisiyle, tiyatronun, olay örgüsü ve oyunculuk üzerindeki etkisinin kabul edilmediği bir sinema anlayışı olduğu ortaklaşılmış bir noktadır. Bu bağlamda saf sinema, temel olarak sadece sinemanın olanakları ile sinema yapmak anlamına gelen bir kavram olarak karşımıza çıkar. Başka bir değişle bu sinema sanatının kendine özgü, kendine has özelliklerini kullanarak film yapması anlamına gelmektedir. Bu çalışma felsefi bir yolculukla Bela Balazs’ın sinemayı özgünleştiren anlayışı, Siegfried Kracauer’un sinematik yaklaşım kavramı ve Gilles Deleuze’ün hareket imge ve zaman imge kavramları çerçevesinde betimleyici bir yöntemle saf sinema yaklaşımını tanımlamaya çalışacak ve bu yaklaşımın Türk Sineması’nın son dönemlerinde nasıl görünür olduğunu film analizi yöntemlerinden biçimsel analiz yöntemiyle Yol Kenarı (Tayfun Pirselimoğlu, 2017) filmindeki saf sinemaya özgü sinematografik kodları çözümleyerek tartışmaya sunacaktır. Bu noktada araştırmanın temel amacı saf sinemanın sınırlarını tartışmak ve tanımlanan sinema anlayışının film yapma pratiklerini somut bir şekilde ortaya koymaktır.
Bir Film Çözümleme Yöntemi Olarak Oyun Teorisi: Kara Şövalye Filmi Örneği
Authors: CANTAŞ Azime , KOLUAÇIK İhsan
Published: May 2020

Oyun teorisi, oldukça basit görünen ancak tam aksine karmaşık bir stratejik durum belirleme modelidir. Rasyonel Seçim Kuramının bir dalı olan oyun teorisi; önceden belirlenmiş bir hedefe yönelik karar verme güç ve yetisine sahip birimlerden meydana gelen sistemleri çözümlemek için kullanılan matematiksel bir yöntemdir. Oyun teorisinin sosyal bilimlerde en iyi şekilde analitik bir araç olarak kullanıldığı savunulmaktadır. Bunun için Von Neumann- Morgenstern ve Nash’ın denge kavramlarından yararlanılmaktadır.
Her oyun belli bir çatışma unsuruna dayanmaktadır. İnsanoğlunun kendisini ifade etme biçimi olarak ortaya koyduğu sanat ürünü de bir çatışma unsuru barındırmaktadır. Yönetmenler de bu mantıksal ve matematiksel teorileri güçlü anlatılara dönüştürmüşlerdir. Anlatı çatışma merkezlidir. Korsan beşlisi, Mahkûm ikilemi ya da çeşitli eşgüdümleme oyunlarının filmlerde karakterlerin içinde bulundukları ortamda karar verme süreçlerine uygulandığı görülmektedir. Senaryo onların karar verme durumlarına göre ilerlemektedir. Oyun teorisi, karakterlerin karar verme süreçlerindeki güdülerini ve nedenlerini uygun şekilde modellediği ölçüde yararlı olabilir.
Bu çalışma, yönetmenliğini Christopher Nolan’ın yaptığı Kara Şövalye filminde kurulan oyunların incelenmesi üzerinden, senaryodaki çatışma merkezlerini ortaya çıkarmak ve karakter çözümlemelerini gerçekleştirmeyi hedeflemektedir. Oyun teorisinin bir filmin anlatı çözümlemesine dönüştürülerek uygulanması ve bu uygulamanın örneklerinin olmaması çalışmanın önemini ortaya koymaktadır. Filmdeki karakterler ve karar verme durumları yönetmenin izleyicide oluşturmak istediği çelişkilere zemin hazırlamaktadır. Batman ve Joker arasındaki kovalamaca bir çeşit oyun silsilesine dönüşmektedir. Joker, oyun teorisinin en önemli kuralı olan ahlaki davranışları değil rasyonel davranışları seçerek çıkarlarını korumaktadır. Yönetmen, Dent gibi bir adalet timsalinin bile içerisinde bulunduğu durumlarda onu güdüleyen nedenlerin değişmesiyle bireyin de tuhaflaşabileceğini Joker karakteri üzerinden göstermektedir.
Impact of COVID-19 on the Education Sector in Nepal - Challenges and Coping Strategies
Authors: Dawadi Saraswati , Giri Ram , Simkhada Padam
Published: May 2020

The pandemic spread of Novel Coronavirus, also known as COVID-19, has
significantly disrupted every aspects of human life, including education. The
alarming spread of the virus caused a havoc in the educational system forcing
educational institutions to shut down.
According to a UNESCO report, 1.6 billion children across 191 countries
have been severely impacted by the temporary closure of the educational
institutions. In order to mitigate the impact, educational institutions have
responded to the closure differently in different contexts with a range of
options for students, teachers, managers and parents, depending on the
resources, both materials and human, available to them. Most of the options
have to incorporate innovative technologies (e.g., digital and mobile
technologies combined with traditional technologies such as radio and TV) in
order to provide at least some form of educational continuity. As distance and
online education is dependent on technological facilities, including internet
and Wi-Fi, the discrepancies that exist in their availability are widening the
gaps in access and quality of education. This article investigates
the impact of COVID-19 on the Nepalese education system, with a focus on the
school education. Based on the published documents, reports and news
commentaries, the article provides a critical analysis and reflection on the
opportunities and challenges the pandemic has presented for the technolization
of the education systems. The findings indicate that the pandemic has had
serious impacts on students’ learning and well-being, and that it potentially widens
the gaps between advantaged and disadvantaged children in their equitable
access to quality education. Furthermore, the findings suggest that Nepal has formulated
a number of ICT and education related policies since 2000; however, the
challenges it is experiencing in the advent of Covid-19 are mainly due to its
faulty implementation strategies and inability to implement those policies. A
discussion of the challenges and their potential managing strategies is
provided in the final section of the article.
“STK-BELEDİYE-YÖNETİŞİM EKSENİNDE” BİRBİRLERİNİN GÖZÜNDEN AKTÖRLER: BURDUR İLİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: GÖNÜLLÜ Canan
Published: May 2020

Değişen yönetim anlayışı, kamu faydasına gerçekleştirilecek faaliyetlerin sadece devlet eliyle gerçekleştirilmesi anlayışını değiştirmiştir. Topluma yapılacak hizmetlerde devlet kurumları ve organlarının yanında sivil toplum kuruluşları da çaba harcamaya başlamış ve bu çabalar giderek çeşitlenmeye ve artmaya başlamıştır. Devlet organlarının zaman zaman tek başına yürüttüğü faaliyetler, bazı zamanlarda sivil toplum kuruluşları gibi gönüllü kuruluşların ortaklıkları ile de gerçekleştirilebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada yönetişim anlayışı çerçevesinde Burdur İlinde faaliyet göstermekte olan sivil toplum kuruluşları ve yerel yönetimler incelenmiştir. Burdur’da hizmet vermekte olan hak temelli, dayanışma temelli vb. dernek, vakıf ve sendikaların yerel yönetimlerle ve Sivil Toplum Kuruluşlarının birbirleriyle işbirliği yapma kapasiteleri ile bu işbirliklerinin kurulabilmesi için ortaya çıkan engeller ya da fırsatların hem yerel yönetimler hem de Sivil Toplum Kuruluşları açısından nasıl değerlendirildiği ve yorumlandığı araştırılmıştır. Çalışma, nitel bir çalışma olup verilerin toplanması için hem yerel yönetim hem de sivil toplum kuruluşu temsilcileriyle derinlemesine mülakatlar gerçekleştirilmiştir. Verilerin çözümlenebilmesi için içerik analizinden faydalanılmıştır. Sivil toplum kuruluşlarının yerel yönetim temsilcilerinin yetkilerini paylaşma konusunda istekli olmadığı ve yerel yönetim temsilcilerinin de sivil toplum kuruluşlarının kuruluş amaçlarının dışına çıktığıyla ilgili endişeleri çalışmanın dikkate değer bulgularındandır.
Administrasi Hubungan Sekolah dan Masyarakat
Authors: Mutya Dian
Published: May 2020

This article aims to describe the understanding, principles and techniques, as well as the process of school and community relations administration, and also the role of school personnel in the administration of school and community relations. In this article, the author uses the method of studying literature by collecting literature (materials) sourced from books, journals, and other sources related to the science of administration of school and community relations and then concludes all the material or material obtained by developing it in the form new knowledge or insight. Administration of school and community relations is a process of communication between the school and the community to increase community understanding of the needs and educational activities and encourage community interest and cooperation in improving and developing schools. The principles of administration of school and community relations are grouped into five forms, namely: simplicity, continuity, coverage, integrity, constructiveness, and adaptability. While the techniques of administration of school and community relations are written, oral, demonstration, electronic, and collaboration. And the process in the administration of school and community relations is divided into three, namely the preparation of programs, implementation / organization and supervision.
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Authors: rafi Aditya
Published: May 2020

Materi tentang bola voli
The Differences of Ways of Research between Wahid and Tahara
Authors: ibn Afaq Uthman
Published: May 2020

Sequel of 'OSF preprints No.rs7d6'
tugas pert 13 sinta
Authors: amelia sinta
Published: May 2020

Learning supervision is an activity that must be implemented in education. The implementation of supervision / monitoring is carried out by the Head of School / Madrasah in providing guidance to teachers. Supervision is not a one-off event like inspection, but a continuous and sustainable activity so that teachers are always evolving in doing the task and are able to solve the problem of education and teaching effectively and efficiently. To carry out the necessary supervision, it requires good quality headmaster in term of professional, personal as well as social aspect. The leadership model of headmaster in Madrasah is very important in carrying out his duties as supervisor, because successful implementation of the curriculum, including curriculum 2013 is determined by how the headmaster of the Madrasah runs the instructional leadership with supervision as the main instrument in ensuring the implementation of the learning process with the prevailing curriculum.
The Influence of School Literacy Movement and Reading Habit on Student’s Achievement
Authors: Lian Bukman
Published: May 2020

This study aimed at determining whether there is an influence of the school literacy movement and reading habit on the student’s learning achievement of SD Negeri 31 Pulau Rimau. The sample of this research is fifth grade of 50 students. The data were collected using questionnaire, interviews and documentation. Data were analyzed using the SPSS program. The results showed 1) there was a significant influence of school literacy movement on student’s achievement; 2) there is a significant influence of reading habit on student’s learning achievement; and 3) there is a significant influence of the school literacy movement and the reading habit together on the student’s learning achievement.
perangkat lunak komputer
Authors: pratiwi feby
Published: May 2020

Perangkat lunak (software) adalah istilah khusus untuk data yang diformat, dan disimpan secara digital. Perangkat lunak tersusun atas program yang menentukan apa yang harus dilakukan oleh komputer. Komputer harus melaksanakan instruksi yang terdapat dalam program untuk mendapatkan hasil yang berguna. Ada dua macam perangkat lunak yaitu sistem software dan application software. Sistem software berguna untuk mengatur file, me-load dan mengeksekusi program serta menerima perintah dari mouse atau keyboard. Sistem software biasa disebut dengan sistem operasi (operating system). Sedang application software adalah software yang digunakan untuk menyelesaikan suatu pekerjaan. Contoh application software adalah Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel.
tugas pert 14 sinta
Authors: amelia sinta
Published: May 2020

The purpose of making this article are: 1. Can see how the education supervision process; 2. Stages of the education supervision process; 3. The importance of educational supervision is carried out; 4. Can see how education supervision techniques; 5. Educational supervision techniques; 6. The importance of educational supervision techniques. The results of making this article then we can find out: 1. Educational supervision processes in education quality assurance; 2. Stages of the education supervision process; 3. The importance of the education supervision process is known so that the supervision of schools can run well; 4. Kinds of educational supervision techniques; 5. What techniques are in education supervision; 6. The importance of educational supervision techniques is known so that education can run well. School personnel with adequate abilities are a major concern for every educational institution. Among the existing personnel, teachers are the frontline in determining the quality of education. Teachers every day face to face with students in the learning process. Therefore qualified teachers are needed by every school. Improving the quality of education in schools requires professional and systematic education in achieving their goals. The effectiveness of educational activities in a school is influenced by the number of variables (both related to personal, operational, and material aspects) that need to get continuous coaching and development. The process of coaching and developing the whole situation is an education supervision study. The principal as the school leader has theobligation to foster the ability of the teachers. In other words the headmaster should be able to carry out supervision effectively.
Narkoba (Tesalonika Siahaan X MIA 2, SMAN 3 MEDAN)
Authors: Siahaan Tesalonika
Published: May 2020

Narkoba adalah singkatan dari narkotika, psikotropika, dan obat terlarang.[1] Selain "narkoba", istilah lain yang diperkenalkan khususnya oleh Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia adalah Napza yang merupakan singkatan dari narkotika, psikotropika, dan zat adiktif.Semua istilah ini, baik "narkoba" ataupun "napza", mengacu pada kelompok senyawa yang umumnya memiliki risiko kecanduan bagi penggunanya. Menurut pakar kesehatan, narkoba sebenarnya adalah senyawa-senyawa psikotropika yang biasa dipakai untuk membius pasien saat hendak dioperasi atau obat-obatan untuk penyakit tertentu. Namun kini persepsi itu disalahartikan akibat pemakaian di luar peruntukan dan dosis yang semestinya.
Lompat jauh
Authors: rafi Aditya
Published: May 2020

Materi tentang lompat jauh
MAKALAH NARKOBA Tiara Angelia ( X MIA 2 )
Authors: Angelia Tiara
Published: May 2020

Makalah ini berisi tentang penjelasan mengenai jenis-jenis narkoba
National Narcissism and the Belief and the Dissemination of Conspiracy Theories During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence From 56 Countries
Authors: Sternisko Anni , Cichocka Aleksandra , Cislak Aleksandra , Van Bavel Jay Joseph
Published: May 2020

Conspiracy theories related to COVID-19 have propagated around the globe, leading the World Health Organization to declare the spread of misinformation an ‘Infodemic’. We tested the hypothesis that national narcissism —a belief in the greatness of one’s nation that requires external recognition— is associated with the spread of conspiracy theories during the COVID-19 pandemic. In two large-scale national surveys (NTotal = 950) conducted in the US and the UK, and secondary analysis of data from 56 countries (N = 50,757), we found a robust, positive relationship between national narcissism and proneness to believe and disseminate conspiracy theories related to COVID-19. Further, belief in COVID-19 conspiracy theories was related to less engagement in health behaviors and less support for public-health policies to combat COVID-19. Our findings illustrate the importance of social identity factors in the spread of conspiracy theories and provide insights into the psychological processes underlying the COVID-19 pandemic.
Why do children essentialize social groups?
Authors: Diesendruck Gil
Published: May 2020

The tendency to essentialize social groups is universal, and arises early in development. This tendency is associated with negative intergroup attitudes and behaviors, and has thus encouraged the search for remedies for the emergence of essentialism. In this vein, great attention has been devoted to uncovering the cognitive foundations of essentialism. In this chapter, I suggest that attention should also be turned towards the motivational foundations of essentialism. I propose that considerations of power and group identity, but especially a “need to belong”, may encourage children’s essentialization of social groups. Namely, from a young age, children are keen to feel members of a group, and that their membership is secure and exclusive. Essentialism is the conceptual gadget that satisfies these feelings. And to the extent that groups are defined by what they do, this motivated essentialism also impels children to be adamant about the maintenance of unique group behaviors.
The Roots of Bilingualism in Newborns
Authors: Byers-Heinlein Krista , Burns Tracey C. , Werker Janet F.
Published: May 2020

The first steps toward bilingual language acquisition have already begun at birth. When tested on their preference for English versus Tagalog, newborns whose mothers spoke only English during pregnancy showed a robust preference for English. In contrast, newborns whose mothers spoke both English and Tagalog regularly during pregnancy showed equal preference for both languages. A group of newborns whose mothers had spoken both Chinese and English showed an intermediate pattern of preference for Tagalog over English. Preference for two languages does not suggest confusion between them, however. Study 2 showed that both English monolingual newborns and Tagalog-English bilingual newborns could discriminate English from Tagalog. The same perceptual and learning mechanisms that support acquisition in a monolingual environment thus also naturally support bilingual acquisition.
Effects of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic on Social Behaviours: From a Social Dilemma Perspective
Authors: Ling Gabriel Hoh Teck , Ho Christina Mee Chyong
Published: May 2020

The health crisis of the COVID-19 outbreak has global impacts on humanity and theeconomy. Such pandemic effects also influence human behaviour; issues of panic buying(overbuying) and noncompliance with government orders and law among individuals areevident. However, the underlying understanding of such behaviours due to the pandemic remainsunclear. Therefore, this perspective paper adopts the social dilemma theory and microeconomicsconcepts to analyse and explain the effects of COVID-19 on social behavioural reactions. Itattempts to address the questions of what and why are the behaviours of individuals shown duringthe coronavirus pandemic and showcase how the theory is associated with the current socialphenomena. Real scenarios based on media reporting from the sociodemographic context ofMalaysia, concerning the following issues; (i) competition over daily essentials; (ii) self-honestyof individuals; and (iii) adherence to government policies and measures enforcement(governance) were discussed. A conceptual framework was developed to illustrateinterrelationships between social dilemma concepts and the phenomena. In essence, due to fear,uncertainty, and greed, self-interest and opportunistic (defective/unethical) behaviours of mostindividuals prevailing over societal collective interest amid the pandemic have been prevalentlyobserved in the above instances, although a cooperative choice can eventually result in a betteroutcome for everyone. Not only do these non-cooperative behaviours of individuals createinconveniences, dissatisfactions, and other forms of negative externalities, they also incentiviseothers to act selfishly, if no restrictions are imposed, which may eventually cause governmentintervention failures. This paper demonstrates the relevancy of the social dilemmas theory inbetter understanding fundamental human behavioural reactions amid the health crisis and theimportance of incorporating the findings into government policymaking. Thesesociopsychological considerations help the government formulate holistic measures, namelystringent sanctions and monitoring enforcement, as well as incentivising cooperative andcompliant behaviours of the public, which then contribute to curbing the COVID-19 pandemicmore effectively.
El guardián Modesto González y la historiografía de la arqueología mexicana
Authors: Holley-Kline Sam
Published: May 2020

La historiografía de la arqueología mexicana suele enfocarse en los hallazgos y las interpretaciones de los arqueólogos conocidos; tal ha sido el caso de la zona arqueológica El Tajín, Veracruz. Investigaciones recientes en la historia de arqueología han analizado los contextos sociohistóricos de la disciplina, incluso los papeles de los trabajadores. Este artículo, empleando las herramientas teóricas de Michel-Rolph Trouillot, analiza la vida y obra del guardián Modesto González (c. 1890-1971), uno de los primeros empleados federales que trabajo en la zona arqueológica El Tajín. De acuerdo con investigación archivística y etnográfica llevado a cabo en 2016-2017, se elabora una narrativa sobre la vida de González, su labor como guardián de El Tajín, sus aportaciones a la antropología mexicana y sus creencias sobre la zona arqueológica. A partir de ahí, se explora el por qué del silencio de la historiografía de El Tajín sobre Modesto González, como manera de reflexionar sobre los silencios en la historiografía de la arqueología mexicana. Se concluye con propuestas para avanzar en el análisis de los trabajadores en la historiografía de la arqueología.
HOW GENDER POLICY CHANGES SOCIAL CONSCIOUSNESS?
Authors: Begalina Dilbar Bostandykovna  , Kospanova Anel Erjanovna
Published: May 2020

It is vitally important to establish the gender policy and use the knowledge and strength of women in solving economic questions of Kazakhstan for avoiding the danger of globalization, demographic imbalance, social unsteadiness, crisis of values of the civilization and so on.The project aims to show that introduction of gender policy on the proper level changes the consciousness of society and brings the profit to the development of Kazakhstan. In order to achieve this goal the meaning of the ‘gender policy’ and ‘gender’ was uncovered; the questionnaire and interview with an expert were held. You can find clear definition of the role of women in the modern life and the comparison of statistical index of gender policy in Kazakhstan with 30 developed countries of the world. All materials were systematized and the ways of solving these problems were suggested. The main features of gender policy in Kazakhstan and efficient ways of development of the equality of both genders are covered throughout the work.
A description of two new species of water mites of the genus Torrenticola Piersig, 1896 (Acariformes: Hydrachnidia: Torrenticolidae) from the Krasnodar Kray, Russia
Authors: Tuzovskij P.V.
Published: May 2020

Two new water mite species, Torrenticola amplexella and T. krasnodarensis, from running waters of the North Caucasus (Krasnodar Kray) are described with illustrations.
First record of the Cuban Many-ringed Wormlizard, Amphisbaena barbouri (Squamata: Amphisbaenidae), from an offshore cay
Authors: Rodríguez-Cabrera Tomás , Torres Javier
Published: May 2020

Amphisbaena barbouri Gans and Alexander, 1962 is a Cuban endemic distributed in the western half of the main island (Rodríguez et al. 2013). This species has been reported at about 15 sites from Pinar del Río to Cienfuegos provinces (Rodríguez et al. 2013; iNaturalist 2020; Fig. 1). On 10 August 2017 we found an adult A. barbouri (173 mm SVL, 14 mm tail length; Fig. 2) near the biological station at Cayo Galindo (23.2547, -80.8725; 1 m a.s.l.; point 4 in Fig. 1). This key is located towards the westernmost end of the Archipiélago de Sabana-Camagüey cay system, in Martí Municipality, Matanzas Province (Fig. 1). This finding constitutes the first record of the species from an offshore cay. It also represents the northernmost record, just 4 km southeast of the northernmost point of the Cuban archipelago (i.e., Cayo Cruz del Padre). The distribution of A. barbouri is now extended about 75 km east-northeast of Matanzas, the nearest published record (Gans & Alexander 1962).
Exploring Motivation, Self-concept and Engagement in an Emerging Educational Setting: A Mixed Methods Case Study of 4 EAP Classrooms in Iraqi Kurdistan
Authors: Xaelani Stacey
Published: May 2020

The aim of this mixed methods case study is to explore EAP (English for Academic Purposes) classes at universities in Kurdistan, North Iraq through two conceptual frameworks: The Actional Phase of The Process model of L2 motivation; (Dörnyei and Ottó, 1998) and Complex Dynamic Systems theory (Larsen-Freeman, 1997). The study explores the relationship between teaching practices and ability grouping on students’ academic motivation, academic self-concept, and classroom engagement seeking both teachers and students’ opinions, beliefs and perspectives. Employing an exploratory sequential research design, a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methodologies was used to analyse data from questionnaires, interviews and classroom observations. A complexity lens highlights the interrelatedness of the three constructs in an emerging educational setting as a complex dynamic system. Moreover, it reveals that several aspects of Dörnyei and Ottó’s (1998) model can be enhanced by and related to the Complex Dynamic Systems framework.
Writing Support for International Graduate Students
Authors: Sharma Emily
Published: May 2020

Writing Support for International Graduate Students: Enhancing Transition and Success by Shyam Sharma is a valuable addition to the Routledge Research in Writing Studies series. In actuality, this volume’s audience is far wider than its title suggests. It includes thoughtful, holistic discussions of the needs of international graduate students to inform practitioners at every institutional level. Researchers in many fields, including composition, second language acquisition, educational policy, and student affairs, will also benefit from the book’s thorough literature review. Sharma’s primary argument is that strong leadership is essential to address the challenges faced by international graduate students.
Life Values Among Lebanese and Portuguese College Students
Authors: Marques Cátia , Do Céu Taveira Maria , El Nayal Mayssah , Silva Ana Daniela , Gouveia Valdiney
Published: May 2020

This study aims to test the applicability of the functional theory of life values and score differences among a group of students from Lebanon and Portugal. Participants include 565 college students—278 Lebanese and 287 Portuguese. A demographic questionnaire and an adapted version of the Basic Values Survey were completed. Confirmatory/multigroup factor analysis, a generalized Procrustes analysis, and a t test were used. Results indicate that content and structure hypotheses were equivalent among the two groups. There were significant differences between the Lebanese and Portuguese students in normative and promotion values in favor of the first group, and in interactive, suprapersonal, and excitement values in favor of the second. This study has implications for institutional academic and social practices with international college students.
Supporting Practices to Break Chinese International Students’ Language Barriers
Authors: Ma Junqian
Published: May 2020

Due to the significant growth in Chinese students pursuing education abroad, there is an increasing trend for researchers to study Chinese international students’ challenges, especially the challenges in social adjustment. However, only a few studies intend to design activities or supporting practices to solve these challenges. This study, drawing upon cultural-historical theory and community psychology, provided four activities to break Chinese international students’ language barriers and facilitate their social adjustment. By conducting four trials, this study found that Chinese international students realize their English capabilities, become actively engaged in interactions, and experience positive emotions when positioned in practices that (a) provide structural guidance and active mobilization, (b) involve shared intersubjectivity and contradictions, and (c) offer support within their zone of proximal development.
Examining the Relationship between Motivations and Resilience in Different International Student Groups Attending US Universities
Authors: Mostafa Heba , Lim Yongsun
Published: May 2020

Advancing diversity and inclusion in the U.S. higher education requires a solid understanding of the dynamics of students’ mobility. This study investigated the intrinsic and extrinsic motivations that lead different international student groups to study in American universities, in connection with their resilience in overcoming the inevitable higher education challenges. An online survey was completed by 164 international students at three research universities. Pearson correlation coefficient analyses and independent t tests were conducted to examine the relationships among three variables—intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and resilience—along with the differences among groups. Results show a medium-sized positive significant relationship between international students’ intrinsic motivations and resilience, and significant differences among groups of students in relation to intrinsic and extrinsic motivations.
Intersecting Roles of Authority and Marginalization
Authors: Jones Veronica , Kim Yughi , Ryu Wonsun
Published: May 2020

The higher education community often views international students through a homogenous lens. To challenge the cultural norms set by the dominant group, researchers need to explore how these norms affect international teaching assistants (ITAs). The following questions guided the current study: (a) How do ITAs construct intersecting identities of teacher and learner that reflect the presence of dominant cultural norms within a predominantly White institution? (b) What strategies do ITAs use to navigate cultural and linguistic power dynamics within a predominantly White institution as they seek to establish authority? We conducted a case study through an intersectionality framework. Findings revealed participants’ marginalization, authority, and strategies to overcome oppression. We offer recommendations about power dynamics that require increased institutional support.
Guest Editorial Introduction 客座主编介绍
Authors: Tian Mei , Lu Genshu
Published: May 2020

In this special issue editorial, we firstly discuss the sharp contrast between the rich English literature on Chinese students overseas, and the limited studies published in international journals on international students in China. We then introduce the rapid expansion of international student enrolment in China in recent ten years, pointing to the significance and urgency to deepen our understandings of these students’ experiences. The editorial ends with an introduction to the contents of the articles included in the special issue. We hope that this issue on international students in China will motivate Chinese-speaking researchers in and outside China to contribute to this important research area.  本文首先讨论了海外针对中国留学生经历的究热情，指出目前发表在国际期刊上的围绕来华留学生经历的研究还十分有限，二者形成了鲜明的对比。随后介绍了来华留学生近年来的发展与增长趋势，反映出深入研究来华留学生经历、来华留学生教育的重要性与紧迫性。最后介绍了收录在本辑特刊中的文章内容。我们希望可以以《国际学生杂志》中文特刊为契机，鼓励更多的中国本土与海外学者贡献于这一重要的研究领域。
Stages and Characteristics of Development in Chinese International Student Education Over a 70-Year Period, 70年来来华留学生教育的发展历程与基本特征
Authors: Li Lijie
Published: May 2020

This study discussed international education in China from the perspectives of social background, policies and regulations, guiding principles, enrolment scales and admission levels. Based on the discussion, the study proposed seven development stages of China’s international student education, i.e. start-up, stagnation, recovery, exploration and development, expansion of development, regulation of the development, and improvement of quality and efficiency. The study also revealed the characteristics of international education development in China, i.e. the increasingly diverse factors driving the changes of international education policy, and the increasing number of international students, particularly those from “Belt and Road” countries and those pursuing degree education. Recommendations are given for the further development of international education in China. 从来华留学生教育发展的时代背景、政策法规、指导思想、招生规模、招生层次等出发，系统梳理来华留学生教育的发展脉络，将中华人民共和国成立70年来的来华留学生教育发展过程分为启动、停滞、恢复、探索发展、扩大发展、规范管理、提质增效7个阶段。70年来，来华留学生教育表现出了如下一些特征：政策制定动因由单一转向多元；来华留学生规模不断扩大，“一带一路”沿线国家的留学生仍是主力；生源结构持续调整与优化，学历层次不断提高。在此基础上，为加快推动来华留学生教育改革发展，提出了构建符合中国发展阶段、文化特征和时代特点的来华留学生教育政策建议。
Seeking a Sense of Belonging
Authors: Rivas Julia , Burke Monica , Hale Katherine
Published: May 2020

International students studying at higher education institutions in the United States experience challenges as they adjust to new environments. Social connectedness to American college students could mitigate such challenges and assist international students with social and cultural integration. This study, using qualitative data from interviews, examined international students’ experiences and their sense of belonging on an American college campus, including the factors that contribute to or deter from it.
Licitação na Administração Pública: Custos da burocracia para sociedade
Authors: Oliveira Leonardo da Silva de
Published: May 2020

O estudo apresenta a estrutura das licitações e do Direito Administrativo através de parâmetros estabelecidos pelo atual regime, regido pelo modelo burocrático, que sustentou as licitações e contratos na Administração Pública. Não se buscou quantificar a eficiência da aplicação da lei. A tentativa pontual de desburocratização de uma legislação de contratação, criada para casos excepcionais, transforma-se cada vez mais em regra e tendência para contratações futuras na administração do setor público, buscou-se apontar pontos favoráveis e contrários em suas práticas. O estudo foi desenvolvido através da revisão da literatura.
Ideologia e sujeito no discurso da contabilidade
Authors: Bombardelli Joel
Published: May 2020

Nesse trabalho, discutiremos a contabilidade como um discurso em movimento, privilegiando o efeito de sentidos, o sujeito e a ideologia. Articulando a contabilidade e as relações sociais, buscamos compreender a discursividade da contabilidade, conforme Michel Pêcheux ensina, sobre o objeto da linguística (o próprio da língua), o discurso. Por meio da análise discursiva interrogamos o sentido estabilizado da contabilidade e deslocamos para um espaço que trabalha o sentido e suas tensões, os sentidos escapando da norma, percorrendo o cotidiano social, interrogando o semanticamente normal, um lugar de equívoco. Nossas análises indicam o discurso contábil, que tenta produzir uma aparente neutralidade e exclusão política e ideológica, mas, contudo, funcionam pelo assujeitamento de sentidos e sujeitos. Compreendemos a contabilidade como um lugar de uma prática discursiva que dissimula o funcionamento político dos sentidos e, consequentemente, a própria ideologia.
2'-O-methoxyethyl splice-switching oligos correct splicing from IVS2-745 β-thalassemia patient cells restoring HbA production and chain rebalance
Authors: Alisa Dong  , Valentina Ghiaccio  , Irene Motta  , Shuling Guo  , Raechel Peralta  , Susan M. Freier  , Andy Watt  , Sagar Damle  , Yasuhiro Ikawa  , Danuta Jarocha  , Maxwell Chappell  , Coralea Stephanou  , Paola Delbini  , Connie Chen  , Soteroula Christou  , Marina Kleanthous  , Kim Smith-Whitley  , Deepa Manwani  , Carla Casu  , Osheiza Abdulmalik  , Maria Domenica Cappellini  , Stefano Rivella  , Laura Breda
Published: May 2020

β-thalassemia is a disorder caused by altered hemoglobin protein synthesis and affects individuals worldwide. Severe forms of the disease, left untreated, can result in death before the age of 3 years (1). The standard of care consists of chronic and costly palliative treatment by blood transfusion combined with iron chelation. This dual approach suppresses anemia and reduces iron-related toxicities in patients. Allogeneic bone marrow transplant is an option, but limited by the availability of a highly compatible HSC donor. While gene therapy is been explored in several trials, its use is highly limited to developed regions with centers of excellence and well-established healthcare systems (2). Hence, there remains a tremendous unmet medical need to develop alternative treatment strategies for β-thalassemia (3).
Occurrence of aberrant splicing is one of the processes that affects β-globin synthesis in β-thalassemia. The (C>G) IVS-2-745 is a splicing mutation within intron 2 of the β-globin gene. It leads to an aberrantly spliced mRNA that incorporates an intron fragment. This results in an in-frame premature termination codon that inhibits β-globin production.
Here, we propose the use of uniform 2'-O-methoxyethyl (2'-MOE) splice switching oligos (SSOs) to reverse this aberrant splicing in the pre-mRNA. With these lead SSOs we show aberrant to wild type splice switching. This switching leads to an increase of adult hemoglobin (HbA) up to 80% in erythroid cells from patients with the IVS-2-745 mutation. Furthermore, we demonstrate a restoration of the balance between β-like- and α-globin chains, and up to an 87% reduction in toxic α-heme aggregates. While examining the potential benefit of 2'-MOE-SSOs in a mixed sickle-thalassemic phenotypic setting, we found reduced HbS synthesis and sickle cell formation due to HbA induction. In summary, 2'-MOE-SSOs are a promising therapy for forms of β-thalassemia caused by mutations leading to aberrant splicing.
Study on RBC Count and Hb level between Bangladeshi and Kashmiri Medical Students of Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College
Authors: Yasmin Ayesha , Alo Kamrunnahar , Sultana Sabera , Yesmin Laila
Published: May 2020

Background: Among the different blood parameters the total RBC count and blood hemoglobin level is important for the diagnosis of anemia. The results vary in different nations for environmental conditions and different dietary habits.

Objectives: This study was to observe the total RBC count and blood Hb level in between the Bangladeshi and Kashmiri students of same age group. Dietary chart was also studied in between the two nationalities of students to observe any alteration of the result or not.

Materials and Methods: This random study was done in Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College, Sirajganj, Enayetpur on September, 2019. Total 200 students were included with specific age range, sex and diet history. The students were divided as 100 male and 100 female students. Total RBC count was estimated by fluid dilution (Dacie's fluid) method and Hb level was estimated by Sahli's acid hematin method.

Results: Among 200 students, 94% Bangladeshi male and 98% Bangladeshi female and among Kashmiri's 96% male and 94% female students were in age between 19 to 21 years. Total RBC count>5million/cumm of blood was found in 24% Kashmiri and 08% Bangladeshi male students. Total RBC count in between 4M/cumm to 5M/cumm was present in 84% and 94% of Bangladeshi male and female students respectively and among 76% Kashmiri male and 90% Kashmiri female students. Hemoglobin level >15gm/dl was found among 54% Kashmiri and 10% Bangladeshi male students. It was alo observed that Kashmiri students were more habituated to protein rich diet than the Bangladeshi students.

Conclusion: Present study revealed that environment and diet habit has an impact on alteration of total RBC count and blood Hb level.

KYAMC Journal Vol. 11, No.-1, April 2020, Page 32-35