bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Skala hiperaktivnosti, impulzivnosti i pažnje za djecu i adolescente - HIP: priručnik, normativni podatci i upitnici
Authors: Vulić-Prtorić Anita
Published: May 2024

Na Skali hiperaktivnosti, impulzivnosti i pažnje za djecu i adolescente (HIP) procjenjuje se hiperaktivnost i impulzivno ponašanje te koncentracija djece i adolescenata, a prema popisu simptoma iz DSM-5 klasifikacije. Namijenjen je djeci u dobi od 10. godine nadalje, premda se zbog svoje jednostavnosti može primjenjivati i u mlađim skupinama, osobito ako se radi o individualnoj primjeni. Prednost HIP-a njegova je jednostavnost primjene, a svojim sustavom odgovaranja vrlo je prihvatljiv školskoj djeci. Može se primijeniti u kliničkoj procjeni, planiranju, praćenju i evaluaciji psihološkog tretmana te savjetovanju, znanstvenim istraživanjima i sl. Za primjenu HIP-a i interpretaciju odgovora potrebno je znanje iz područja razvojne psihologije i psihopatologije, psihodijagnostike, te poznavanje dijagnostičkih klasifikacijskih sustava. HIP se sastoji od 19 čestica koje opisuju najčešće simptome ADHD-a u djetinjstvu i adolescenciji. Premda je vrijeme ispunjavanja relativno kratko (10-ak min), HIP-om je moguće dobiti vrlo širok spektar informacija: o broju, učestalosti i vrsti simptoma hiperaktivnosti, impulzivnosti i nepažnje te o tome kako ih percipiraju roditelji. Upitnik je dostupan u deset istovjetnih verzija kojima se prikupljaju podatci dobiveni samoprocjenom djeteta ili adolescenta, zatim podatci o simptomima kod djeteta ili adolescenta dobiveni procjenom roditelja ili skrbnika te neke druge osobe (npr. liječnika). Na taj je način moguće uspoređivati percepciju simptoma različitih procjenjivača, njihovo slaganje, ali i razlike u djetetovu i roditeljevu doživljavanju simptoma. HIP je nastajao tijekom desetak godina brojnim provjerama i istraživanjima. Kao temeljni okvir za izradu ovog upitnika poslužile su dijagnostičke smjernice u DSM klasifikacijskom sustavu te upitnici i skale procjene koji se upotrebljavaju na tom području. U priručniku su opisani osnovni psihometrijski pokazatelji HIP-a, dobiveni u uzorku od 1161 sudionika, djece i adolescenata. Statistički pokazatelji dobiveni u normativnom uzorku prikazani su u tablicama. Sastavni dio priručnika su smjernice za interpretaciju dobivenih rezultata te primjerci Upitnika PSS. HIP pripada A-kategoriji psihodijagnostičkih sredstava i mogu ga upotrebljavati stručnjaci različitih struka koji se bave ovom problematikom – psiholozi, psihijatri, liječnici, socijalni radnici, pedagozi, edukacijski rehabilitatori i dr.
The Stimulation of Chemical Male Sterility for F1 Hybrid Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa Var. Longifolia) Production
Authors: Arıcı Arif Selim , Kurtar Ertan Sait
Published: May 2024

Male sterility is a unique application in the production of F1 hybrid seeds of some important species. Today, while F1 hybrid lettuce varieties of abroad origin take their place in the Türkiye seed market, unfortunately, we do not have a native F1 hybrid variety. Besides, F1 hybrid seed production has become a prestige for multi-national companies regardless of the type of vegetable. Within this perspective, the effects of some chemical hybridizing agents (CHAs) such as E4FO, Ethrel and GA3 on male sterilizing activity in lettuce cultivars (Maylight352 F1, Presidential and Yedikule) were evaluated. Therefore, pollen presence in the early bud stage, seed formation and seed viability (germination) were examined. The applications had different effects on pollen presence, seed formation and seed germination, and thus male sterility. Ethrel was not effective at low doses, but at high doses, it caused flower bud deformation and growth retardation. E4FO is partially effective, but the application doses are low. Therefore, E4FO should be used at higher than 1500 ppm and 2000 ppm. GA3 applications produced the best results in stimulating male sterility, and full sterility (% 100) was achieved from 200, 250 and 300 ppm in all cultivars. As a result, 200 ppm GA3 was determined as the recommendable dose in the production of Fı hybrid lettuce.
Feed Quality of Sweet Sorghum Grains
Authors: Seydoşoğlu Seyithan , Turan Nizamettin , Kökten Kağan , Özdemir Selim
Published: May 2024

Sweet sorghum crop produces grains at its ear-head which can be utilised as food and feed, produces stalks for the production of syrup, bio-ethanol, bio-diesel, bagasse and green foliage for use as organic fertiliser and excellent animal fodder. Approximately 4000 sweet sorghum cultivars are spread over the globe, providing a broad and varied genetic foundation for the development of highly productive, region-specific cultivars. A study was conducted to assess the grains of selected 10 different sweet sorghum varieties for the feed quality characters. For this aim, ADF, NDF, ADL, DMD, DMI, TDN, RFV, DE and ME values of sweet sorghum grains were determined. As a result of the study, crude ash, CP, ADF, NDF, ADL, DMD, DMI, RFV, TDN, DE and ME values were determined as 0.19-3.74%; 9.03-11.05%; 10.0-24.6%; 24.3-38.0%; 1.07-9.13%; 69.69-81.09%; 3.16-4.94%; 170.5-309.5%; 63.85-74.84%; 3.25-3.74 MJ/kg and 9.85-11.78 Mcal/kg, respectively. Variety "Smith" stands out with its ADF, NDF and ADL characteristics. Gülşeker, USDA-Taiwan and Erdurmuş varieties were significant in terms of CP. Ulusoy variety stands out with DMI, TDN, RFV, DE and ME.
Leucaena leucocephala and montmorillonite co-pyrolysis biochar: A Study on physicochemical properties and stability
Authors: Lin Po-Heng , Ko Chun-Han , Tu San-Hsien , Lin Cheng-Jung
Published: May 2024

Leucaena leucocephala, an invasive toxic tree species, has threatened the survival of native plants in the Hengchun Peninsula, southern Taiwan. Due to the small-to-medium diameter, the utilization and processing of L. leucocephala is highly restricted, while its discarding accelerates carbon dioxide emission to the atmosphere. Biochar, produced from the pyrolysis of biomass under an inert atmosphere, is considered an effective carbon sequestration technique with high stability, which is important for long-term carbon storage and soil improvement. L. leucocephala biomass and montmorillonite were co-pyrolyzed under inert conditions, aiming to investigate the effects of different pyrolysis temperatures and montmorillonite blending ratios on biochar yield and carbon retention. Results showed improved biochar yield and carbon retention with increasing montmorillonite addition. Thermogravimetric analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy demonstrated enhanced stability of the modified biochars. The production of modified L. leucocephala biochar represents a promising technique for carbon dioxide sequestration and biochar stabilization, enabling the development of L. leucocephala utilization approaches.
Mechanical and barrier properties of chitosan-based composite film as food packaging: A review
Authors: Shi Baoying , Hao Zhanhua , Du Yuzhen , Jia Mengke , Xie Siqi
Published: May 2024

Chitosan can serve as a natural alternative to petroleum-based components in food packaging; however, the mechanical and barrier properties of pure chitosan film possess certain limitations. This paper presents a comprehensive review on the mechanical and barrier properties of composite films formed by combining chitosan-based films with plasticizers, polysaccharides, proteins, and lipids. These composite films often exhibit superior mechanical strength and enhanced barrier performance compared to pure chitosan film, thereby expanding the potential applications of chitosan in food packaging. Chitosan represents an ideal raw material for developing innovative biofilms that can cater to diverse packaging requirements for various food products while offering promising prospects for broad application.
Thermosensitive injectable polysaccharide-based hydrogels: Gelation mechanisms, synthetic strategies, biomedical applications, and challenges
Authors: Sun Meng , Sun Hui , Jiang Shuo , Tian Ye
Published: May 2024

In recent years, thermosensitive polysaccharide-based injectable hydrogels have gained increasing attention in biomedical applications, including wound healing, drug delivery, and cartilage repair. These hydrogels have favorable biocompatibility, biodegradability, and tunable physical and chemical properties. Thermosensitive polysaccharide-based injectable hydrogels are a class of intelligent soft matter material. They can undergo a reversible liquid-solid transition when exposed to temperature stimuli. Therefore, their precursor solutions can be accurately inserted into target sites with irregular geometries in a minimally invasive way and then transformed into gels in situ by the organism’s temperature stimulation to deliver biologically active molecules. This review summarizes the recent developments of thermosensitive injectable polysaccharide-based hydrogels. The focus is on the mechanism of sol-gel phase transition, as well as the design and preparation of thermosensitive polysaccharides and their applications in biomedical fields. In addition, the outlook of the challenges in biomedical applications is provided at the end of the paper.
Opinión Pública sobre las Transferencias Monetarias para Niños, Niñas y Adolescentes en Argentina
Authors: Blofield Merike , Martínez Franzoni Juliana , Arza Camila
Published: May 2024

La pobreza infantil es un reto multidimensional y décadas de evidencia demuestran que el acceso a transferencias monetarias periódicas puede ofrecer una protección eficaz, especialmente contra la pobreza extrema. Una encuesta telefónica representativa a nivel nacional realizada en Argentina entre julio y agosto del 2022 indica un apoyo muy elevado (85 %) a las transferencias monetarias dirigidas a niños, niñas y adolescentes (NNA). Además, 94 % apoya fijar el valor de las transferencias en, al menos, la canasta básica de alimentos. Finalmente, la opinión está dividida en cuanto a los criterios de elegibilidad: algo más de la mitad (53 %) apoya las transferencias monetarias destinadas al menos a NNA en situación de pobreza, mientras que el 45 % prefiere restringirlas a quienes están en situación de pobreza extrema.
Opinión Pública sobre las Transferencias Monetarias para Niños, Niñas y Adolescentes en Chile
Authors: Blofield Merike , Martínez Franzoni Juliana
Published: May 2024

La pobreza es un fenómeno multidimensional y décadas de evidencia demuestran que los programas de transferencias monetarias periódicas pueden proveer una protección sencilla y eficaz contra la pobreza, especialmente la pobreza extrema. Una consulta representativa a nivel nacional realizada en Chile durante mayo y junio del 2022 indica un amplio apoyo de la población (90 %) a un programa de transferencias monetarias destinadas a niños, niñas y adolescentes (NNA). Además, un 97 % apoya fijar el valor de las transferencias en, al menos, la canasta básica de alimentos, un valor 8,5 veces superior al monto de las transferencias monetarias dirigidas actualmente a NNA. La opinión está dividida en cuanto a los criterios de elegibilidad: la mitad de las personas encuestadas apoya extender las transferencias a la mayoría o a la totalidad de NNA, mientras que la otra mitad apoya el enfocarse en aquellas personas en condiciones de pobreza.
Programa de descentralização administrativa e financeira – PDAF: um instrumento para a gestão democrática do ensino no Distrito Federal
Authors: Alencar João
Published: May 2024

A pesquisa teve por objetivo conhecer o Programa de Descentralização Administrativa e Financeira – PDAF enquanto política pública educacional voltada para a gestão democrática do ensino no Distrito Federal. Ao longo do artigo são retomados alguns conceitos teóricos sobre políticas públicas, bem como apresentada a composição da rede pública de ensino do Distrito Federal em termos de unidades escolares e volume de matrículas; os aspectos mais relevantes do PDAF, incluindo pontos positivos e negativos constatados e as recomendações pertinentes em face desses últimos. O estudo conclui pela importância da manutenção e constante aperfeiçoamento dessa política pública para a boa gestão das escolas, uma vez que permite às equipes gestoras lançar mão de recursos orçamentários para o atendimento imediato de despesas de pequena monta, essenciais ao funcionamento da rede pública de ensino, tendo em vista a sua complexidade e as particularidades de suas unidades escolares.
Mindfulness programs for problematic usage of the internet: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fendel Johannes C. , Vogt Annika , Brandtner Annika , Schmidt Stefan
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Problematic usage of the internet (PUI) is an umbrella term for a range of uncontrolled, excessive, and potentially harmful online behaviors. Recently, numerous studies have examined the potential of mindfulness programs (MPs) for reducing PUI. We conducted a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis in this emerging field.

Methods

We searched eight databases from inception to October 18, 2022, with no language restrictions. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and nonrandomized trials (NRTs). The primary outcome was change in self-reported PUI, the secondary outcome was change in screen time.

Results

Of 3,473 identified records, 19 RCTs and 20 NRTs with a total of 1,549 participants were included. Participation in an MP was associated with large reductions in PUI in between-group analysis in RCTs (k = 19; g = −1.67; 95% CI −2.15, −1.19) and in within-group pre-post analysis in all studies (k = 35; g = −1.67; 95% CI −1.99, −1.36). Screen time showed a medium reduction in within-group pre-post analysis (k = 10; g = −0.65; 95% CI −0.90, −0.41). The effects for PUI remained significant in a series of sensitivity analyses, such as excluding low quality studies, excluding outliers, adjusting for publication bias, or using follow-up data. Heterogeneity between studies was high and the overall quality of evidence was rated low.

Discussion and conclusions

MPs are probably effective in reducing PUI and might be effective in reducing screen time. Shortcomings in the quality of evidence highlight the need for high-quality controlled trials with long-term follow-ups to confirm results.
Efficiency of adaptive cruise control in commercial vehicles
Authors: Mohammed Dilshad , Nagy Victor , Jagicza Márton , Józsa Dávid , Horváth Balázs
Published: May 2024

The evolution of autonomous vehicles hinges significantly upon the advancements in driving assistance systems. Adaptive cruise control, a pivotal component of these systems, warrants continuous real-world examination to assess its operational efficiency. The study investigates these systems integrated into diverse commercial vehicles with a specific focus on the following distances they provide. The findings reveal that camera-based systems offer shorter following distances relative to ISO standards, while radar-based and combined camera and radar-based systems provide larger following distances. The study contributes to understand adaptive cruise control technology and its alignment with safety standards, thereby aiding in the on-going development of self-driving vehicles.
Ethnography as Heuristic Experience, Historical Research, and Multiple Method
Authors: Orhan Mehmet
Published: May 2024

The Essay is the Bulletin’s peer-review forum for scholarly journal articles. In this issue we are pleased to share Mehmet Orhan’s discussion of ethnography and its intersection with methods in historiography, phenomenology, and narratology. In this essay, Orhan provides a useful primer to ethnographic fieldwork and how it can be used in the academic study of religion. His research features Muslim communities as data for this kind of analysis but, as you will read, illustrates possibilities for study in other data domains.
Questions and Answers about the British Association for the Study of Religions (BASR)
Authors: Owen Suzanne , Gregg Stephen
Published: May 2024

The Association introduces you to the various guilds, societies, and organizations where scholars carry out their work. In this issue, we learned a bit about the British Association for the Study of Religion (BASR) from their secretary Suzanne Owen. Founded in 1954, BASR is a member association of the International Association for the History of Religions and of the European Association for the Study of Religions. Answers in our exchange were provided by Suzanne Owen (Secretary of the BASR) and reviewed by Stephen Gregg (President of the BASR).
Variation in the composition of the essential oil of commercial Artemisia absinthium L. herb samples from different countries
Authors: Ain Raal , Ilina Тetiana , Kovaleva Alla , Orav Anne , Karileet Margit , Džaniašvili Mariana , Koliadzhyn Taras , Grytsyk Andriy , Koshovyi Oleh
Published: May 2024

Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium L., Asteraceae) is an aromatic bitter herb that contains bitter-tasting metabolites and essential oil. The composition and biological effects of A. absinthium essential oil have been widely studied. However, the data on the content of the individual components vary significantly.
The aim. The aim of the study was to research the compositions of essential oils from A. absinthium herb, which are on the market in various European countries and determine difference in their compositions, possible chemotypes, and compliance of the essential oil samples with the European Pharmacopeia requirements.
Materials and Methods. The composition of 16 essential oil samples of A. absinthium herb from different countries was investigated using the gas chromatography method. Samples were obtained from retail pharmacies in 14 different countries.
Research results. A total of 41 compounds were identified in the studied A. absinthium essential oils. In all the samples, monoterpenes and monoterpenoids dominate (28.0-92.2 %), much less sesquiterpenes and sesquiterpenoids (0-18.9 %). The dominant components among the identified ones were sabinene (traces(tr.)-21,2 %), myrcene (0.1-25.6 %), p-cymene (0.2-6.5 %), 1,8-cineole (0.1-18.0 %), artemisia ketone (tr.-14.9 %), linalool (tr.-10.8 %), β-thujone (0.1-38.7 %), (E)-epoxyocymene (tr.-59.7 %), (E)-verbenol (tr.-7.9 %), borneol (tr.-11.7 %), (E)-sabinyl acetate (tr.-70.5 %), neryl butyrate (0-13.9 %), spathulenol (tr.-9.2 %), caryophyllene oxide (tr.-7.3 %). Both “pure”-chemotypes and “mixed”-chemotypes of A. absinthium have been defined.
Conclusions. Two”pure”-chemotype consist of 70.5 % (E)-sabinyl acetate and 59,2 % (E)-epoxyocymene, respectively. Also, eleven "mixed"-chemotypes of A. absinthium essential oils have been defined. Some correlations were established between the content of terpenes in the A. absinthium essential oils
Mathematical modelling of the formation of small cell groups of invasive carcinoma
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Krasnyakov Ivan , Bratsun Dmitry ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University
Published: May 2024

According to the latest research, cancer is a complex biosystem that develops in time and space. This means that cancer cells differ from each other in their function in the tumor. They are involved in various interactions in their microenvironment and compete for available nutrients for reproduction and survival. Identifying a specific structural type in the growth of a malignant tumor is one of the main problems today in oncology. The other no less important problem of mathematical modeling in oncology is the heterogeneity of a malignant neoplasm. In this work, we propose a chemomechanical model of the structure formation of small groups of cancer cells of invasive carcinoma of a non-special type (IC NST). The model suggests that carcinoma is a heterogeneous mass of cells of different phenotypes that perform different functions in the tumor. Each cell is represented by an elastic polygon that changes its shape and size as the tissue develops. Numerical modeling implements various subtypes of IC NST structures. The patterns are compared with morphological structures previously identified in clinical studies.
Application of a mathematical model of systemic circulation for determination of blood flow parameters after modified blalock-taussig shunt operation in newborns
Authors:   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Kamaltdinov Marat , Kuchumov Alex ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University
Published: May 2024

The problem of infant mortality in children with congenital heart disease is relevant both in Russia and throughout the world. One of the surgical methods for treating congenital heart diseases is bypass surgery using a modified Blalock – Taussig shunt. This operation is used in newborns and infants with congenital heart defects to increase pulmonary blood flow in order to increase the oxygen content in the blood, bring it back to normal and ensure uniform development of the right and left lungs. To improve the efficiency of decision making in surgical practice, the results of a personalized blood flow model can be used. This article presents a conceptual 0D scheme of systemic blood flow, where aorta and pulmonary artery are replaced by a 3D model. A mathematical 0D formulation of the problem of modeling systemic circulation has been developed, which contains 13 differential equations and several dozen algebraic relations. The model parameters in the first approximation are obtained based on real survey data and analysis of literature sources. A numerical implementation is carried out to solve the model relations using the Runge-Kutta methods of 4 orders of magnitude. The simulation results allow to determine the parameters of pressure and blood flow from time to time in any part of the design scheme, as well as the blood flow passing through the shunt, depending on its resistance. Possible ways of further development of the model are to develop an iterative algorithm for coupling 0D and 3D models, develop an algorithm for identifying model parameters based on individual measurements, describe oxygen exchange processes, and formulate criteria based on the obtained hemodynamic characteristics for making decisions in surgical practice.
AVALIAÇÃO E CURRÍCULO
Authors: Silva Divane Oliveira de Moura , Cunha Kátia Silva
Published: May 2024

O presente artigo constitui um recorte de uma pesquisa mais abrangente realizada no âmbito do mestrado do Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação Contemporânea da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Neste estudo, abordamos as características do Programa de Modernização da Gestão Pública - Metas para a Educação. Nosso objetivo neste momento é discutir as articulações discursivas que promovem a hegemonia avaliativa e curricular no sistema educacional pernambucano, questionando sua alegada essencialidade. Adotamos como estratégia teórico-metodológica a Teoria do Discurso de Laclau e Mouffe (2015), com a articulação interpretativa das lógicas sociais propostas por Glynos e Howarth (2007, 2018). Nossos resultados apontam que as regularidades articulatórias discursivas presentes na política educacional de avaliação/curricular pernambucana conferem uma suposta coerência discursiva à prática avaliativa/curricular do estado, embora as lacunas não sejam completamente ocultadas pela política normativa. Influenciada pelas lógicas sociais da performatividade, competição e responsabilidade/accountability, essa política educacional é precariamente estabilizada e contingencial, emergindo limitações diante da dimensão ontológica.
AVALIAÇÃO DIAGNÓSTICA
Authors: Oliveira Renata
Published: May 2024

O presente trabalho investiga questões relativas ao currículo e à avaliação no âmbito do Plano Municipal de Educação da cidade de Nova Iguaçu (2015-2025), com foco na proposta de avaliação diagnóstica individual que seria implementada nas escolas do município no ano de 2020, não fosse pelo momento atípico provocado pela pandemia de covid-19. A partir de reflexões sobre avaliação e currículo, discutem-se outros conceitos, como qualidade e igualdade em educação, além da questão da fabricação de estereótipos decorrentes da fixação, mesmo que momentânea, do que é compreendido tanto por avaliação como por currículo. Ao investigar essas concepções, tão caras ao campo educacional, o trabalho propõe repensar o entendimento corrente de escola, destacando a complexidade do processo de ensino-aprendizagem-avaliação.
APRESENTAÇÃO DO DOSSIÊ: CURRICULO, AVALIAÇÃO E ESCOLAS
Authors: Rodrigues Phelipe Florez , Stribel Guilherme Pereira , Sólis Dafne Gonzáles
Published: May 2024

No contexto de fortalecimento do caráter prescritivo e normativo das políticas curriculares, destacando o contexto da Base Nacional Comum Curricular – BNCC, o dossiê apresentado neste artigo “CURRICULO, AVALIAÇÃO E ESCOLAS: tensionamentos entre a norma e performatividade” se constitui como oportunidade de problematização da relação entre currículo e fazer pedagógico. A partir da parceria entre a Associação Brasileira de Currículo e a Revista Espaço do Currículo este dossiê tematiza a relação entre currículo e avaliações. Composto por dezenove artigos, sendo onze específicos deste dossiê e outros oito derivados de demanda contínua da revista os trabalhos articulam a discussão proposta com diferentes perspectivas teóricas e diversos objetos de análise. Objetivo neste texto apresentar os autores e as principais ideias desenvolvidas em cada obra como forma de chamar ao debate os sujeitos que se afetam de diferentes formas nos percursos políticos que se forjam na interface entre política e pensamento curricular e as políticas de avaliações.
Concepções de professores universitários sobre a motivação acadêmica e o impacto das suas práticas na dinâmica motivacional de licenciandos em Química
Authors: Santana Júnior João Bosco Paulain , Farias Sidilene Aquino de
Published: May 2024

Resumo: O estudo analisou concepções docentes sobre a motivação e possíveis impactos de suas ações na motivação de licenciandos em Química. Para isso, adotamos a abordagem qualitativa, considerando os contextos e buscando significados em relatos e manifestações docentes. Houve a participação de sete docentes de duas Instituições Federais de nível superior, selecionados considerando-se as diferentes subáreas de atuação na Química e a voluntariedade em participar da pesquisa. Os dados foram coletados no segundo semestre de 2022 mediante entrevista semiestruturada e analisados com o auxílio da Análise Textual Discursiva. Os resultados evidenciaram pouco conhecimento dos entrevistados em relação aos processos motivacionais, havendo maior ênfase nas abordagens tradicionais e preocupação com as dimensões cognitivas e técnicas em detrimento das psicológicas e socioemocionais. Espera-se que esta pesquisa contribua para promover discussões acerca da importância da motivação na formação de professores de Química, despertando interesse e amadurecendo o tema no campo educacional.
Uma análise semiótica sobre as percepções da Matemática por alunos do Ensino Fundamental em uma atividade de modelagem matemática
Authors: Silva Karina Alessandra Pessoa da , Martins Nágela
Published: May 2024

Resumo: Neste artigo investigamos os signos produzidos no desenvolvimento de uma atividade de modelagem e, a partir desses signos, inferimos em que aspectos a matemática é percebida por alunos de uma turma do 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental. Nossas reflexões estão baseadas na modelagem matemática como uma alternativa pedagógica e na teoria da percepção sob um viés da semiótica peirceana. Para isso, nos debruçamos nos signos escritos, falados e gesticulados de uma turma de sete alunos de uma escola privada do estado do Paraná. Do ponto de vista semiótico, evidenciamos que os alunos se valem de gestos para se remeter a um objeto matemático e de simplificações para aproximar uma situação da realidade para o contexto matemático, considerando seus conhecimentos. Diante da interação com uma situação da realidade, concluímos que a percepção da Matemática ocorre de maneira singular e compartilhada entre os alunos que desenvolveram a atividade.
Movimento de Reorientação Didático-Pedagógica (MRDP) na formação contínua de professores de Matemática do Campo
Authors: Barreira Jonas Souza , Moura Silva Marcos Guilherme , Gonçalves Tadeu Oliver
Published: May 2024

Resumo: Neste estudo, nosso objetivo é compreender de que maneira os docentes constroem sentidos acerca de suas práticas, ao integrar a Matemática e a Educação do Campo durante um processo de formação contínua, em um contexto de pesquisa-formação. Adotamos a pesquisa-formação qualitativa, por meio da qual ensaiamos e analisamos um novo modelo teórico e epistemológico, o qual é denominando neste artigo Movimento de Reorientação Didático-Pedagógica (MRDP), que consiste em um processo contínuo de revisão e atualização de práticas pedagógicas pelos docentes. Os resultados mostram a presença de sentidos que o professor estabelece entre a cultura e o conhecimento matemático, destacando a interdisciplinaridade como outro significado que professores atribuem à Matemática. Finalmente, notamos a autonomia dos professores como um significado recém-estabelecido. Esta autonomia, aparentemente, é uma característica que os professores atribuem à sua própria prática, indicando uma tendência para se tornarem cada vez mais reflexivos em suas funções.
Evolução morfológica de uma liga semissólida A332
Authors: Torres Luis Vanderlei , Naldi Marcos Antônio , Zoqui Eugênio José
Published: May 2024

RESUMO Este trabalho visa analisar a evolução morfológica de uma liga comercial de alumínio A332 produzida via lingotamento contínuo convencional durante o processo de tixoconformação. A caracterização da transição sólido-líquido, ou seja, as temperaturas de trabalho correspondentes as frações sólidas de 77%, 67% e 52% foram determinadas via ensaios de análise térmica de calorimetria diferencial de varredura (DSC), na sequência a liga foi reaquecida até as temperaturas de trabalho e mantidas pelos tempos de tratamento de 0 s, 30 s e 90 s. Por meio da metalografia convencional observou-se o aumento no seu tamanho durante a manutenção da liga à faixa semissólida para o tempo de 90 s de tratamento sendo o principal mecanismo para essa alteração o fenômeno de ostwald ripening seguido por coalescência. Tem-se que a menor fração sólida proporcionou maiores valores de tamanho de glóbulos primários e de grãos, porém apresentou baixos valores de viscosidade aparente em torno de 105 Pa.s devido a menor presença de fase sólida na estrutura da liga e consequentemente menor resistência ao escoamento. Este baixo valor de viscosidade aparente torna a liga propícia a ser utilizada como matéria-prima nos processos de tixoconformação.
Princípios fundamentais que regem o movimento do misterioso duplo cone
Authors: Luz-Burgoa K. , Nogales José A.C.
Published: May 2024

O movimento de um duplo cone ao longo de trilhos dispostos em formato de V inclinados é famoso em ambientes educacionais formais e informais. Quando a inclinação dos trilhos é menor do que uma determinada relação geométrica entre o duplo cone e a abertura dos trilhos, o duplo cone aparentemente é capaz de superar a força da gravidade e rolar de maneira “espontânea” para cima dos trilhos inclinados, provocando debates intensos entre o conhecimento científico e o senso comum. No entanto, os livros de física básica não abordam esse fenômeno, e os artigos científicos encapsulam o mistério por trás do movimento. Este trabalho desenvolve a dinâmica do duplo cone aplicando as leis de Newton para corpos rígidos, seguindo a explicação e recursos dos livros de física básica. Os resultados revelam que a interpretação física da condição geométrica envolve o ângulo entre a força normal com a vertical quando os trilhos não estão inclinados. Esse ângulo implícito na geometria do duplo cone sobre os trilhos organiza de maneira surpreendente as equações. Como resultado, o estudo aprofunda na compreensão vetorial do fenômeno e confirma os teoremas do trabalho-energia cinética e dos eixos paralelos no contexto do movimento do duplo cone.
Classification of the physiological potential of soybean seed lots using infrared spectroscopy and chemometric methods
Authors: Soares Júlia Martins , Batista Thiago Barbosa , Silva Martha Freire da , Rodrigues Natália Soares , Dias Denise Cunha Fernandes dos Santos , Silva Laércio Junio da
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT: Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is a promising tool for optimizing seed analyses quickly and assertively. The aim of this study was to investigate the viability of NIR in association with chemometric methods in classification of soybean seed lots regarding their physiological potential. We evaluated 372 soybean seed lots for vigor and obtained NIR spectra from seed samples. The original spectra were pre-processed by the following methods: Standard Normal Variate (SNV), SNV + 1st and 2nd derivatives, Gap-segment derivative, and Savitzky-Golay for the first- and second-degree derivatives, as well as combinations of the methods. The lots were divided into Class I (≥ 85% germination after accelerated aging) and Class II (< 85% germination after accelerated aging); and the pre-processed spectra were used to build classification models through the following methods: K-nearest neighbors (KNN), Partial Least Squares - Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA), Naive Bayes (NB), Random Forest (RF), and Support Vector Machine (SVM). The PLS-DA model showed greater classification accuracy and kappa, followed by SVM. The lowest accuracy values were obtained for the NB and RF models. The regions between the wavelengths 1,000-1,200 nm and 2,200-2,500 nm were the most important for distinguishing the quality levels of soybean seeds.
Análise das internações e óbitos por Acidente Vascular Cerebral em diferentes regiões do Brasil antes e durante a Pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Souza Andreza Maria Luzia Baldo de , Pereira Antonio Carlos , Meneghim Marcelo de Castro
Published: May 2024

Considerado a segunda causa de morte no mundo, o Acidente Vascular Cerebral representa um problema de saúde pública, sendo também responsável por uma carga importante de incapacidade, sendo que a COVID-19 pode predispor os indivíduos a complicações cerebrovasculares. Objetivo: analisar internações e óbitos de Acidente Vascular Cerebral em diferentes regiões do Brasil, antes e durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Método: estudo observacional ecológico de série temporal, utilizando-se de dados secundários provenientes do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do SUS (SIH) do Departamento de Informática do SUS (DATASUS). Os dados foram extraídos considerando o período de 2008 a 2022. As buscas respeitaram os seguintes critérios: Categoria CID 10: 164 indicado como Acidente Vascular Cerebral não especificado hemorrágico ou isquêmico, todas as unidades federativas Brasil, selecionadas como abas Morbidade Hospitalar do SUS (SIH /SUS), compilando os dados de internações e óbitos para os sexos masculino e feminino. Resultados: A análise dos dados demonstrou um aumento significativo dos casos de internação (R2= 0,9437 p=<0,0001) e óbitos (R 2 =0,8894, p=<0,0001) ao longo dos anos de 2008 a 2022. Conclusão: o estudo destaca a contínua ascensão das internações e óbitos por AVC no Brasil, com uma interrupção durante o período mais agudo da pandemia, seguida por um retorno ao crescimento. Estas descobertas são um alerta para os gestores de saúde pública reavaliarem e adaptarem as estratégias de prevenção e cuidado ao AVC no contexto pós-pandêmico
Revolutionizing trauma care: advancing coagulation management and damage control anesthesia
Authors: Kwon Min A , Ji Sung Mi
Published: May 2024

Despite advances in emergency transfer systems and trauma medicine, the incidence of preventable deaths due to massive hemorrhage remains high. Recent immunological research has elucidated key mechanisms underlying trauma-induced coagulopathy in the early stages of trauma, including sympathoadrenal stimulation, shedding of the glycocalyx, and endotheliopathy. Consequently, the condition progresses to fibrinogen depletion, hyperfibrinolysis, and platelet dysfunction. Coexisting factors such as uncorrected acidosis, hypothermia, excessive crystalloid administration, and a history of anticoagulant use exacerbate coagulopathy. This study introduces damage-control anesthetic management based on recent insights into damage-control resuscitation, emphasizing the importance of rapid transport, timely bleeding control, early administration of antifibrinolytics and fibrinogen concentrates, and maintenance of calcium levels and body temperature. Additionally, this study discusses brain-protective strategies for trauma patients with brain injuries and the utilization of cartridge-based viscoelastic assays for goal-directed coagulation management in trauma settings. This comprehensive approach may provide potential insights for anesthetic management in the fast-paced field of trauma medicine.
CREATION OF AN ALGORITHM FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF ANALOGOUS OBJECTS IN CARBONATE RESERVOIRS OF THE VOLGA-URAL OIL AND GAS PROVINCE
Authors: Kuleshova L.S. , Vafin R.V. , Gilyazetdinov R.A. , Mukhametshin V.V. , Yakupov R.F. , Sagitova Z.N.
Published: May 2024

For the conditions of deposits confined to the carbonate reservoirs of the Volga-Ural oil and gas province, an algorithm for searching for analogous objects based on the identification procedure is proposed. The principal boundaries of the search for analogous objects confined to various stratigraphic systems have been established through a comprehensive analysis of geological and commercial data. The significant influence of tectonic confinement on the formation of the features of the geological structure of deposits and their distribution in the axes of canonical discriminant functions is shown. The presence of uncertainty in the separation of objects using the tectonic factor is explained by the similarity of objects in the marginal zones of adjacent tectonic elements in both terrigenous and carbonate reservoirs, which in turn must be taken into account when implementing key aspects of field development design. During the simulation, a certain similarity of individual deposits in the carbonate reservoirs of the carboniferous system was established, confined not only to various tectonic elements, but also to various stratigraphic complexes, which makes it possible to expand the search for analogous objects and the possibility of solving various development management tasks in conditions of deterioration of the structure of oil reserves and low technical and technological indicators of well operation. When using pattern recognition methods, in particular, discriminant analysis, dependencies were obtained that make it possible to successfully adapt the accumulated experience of developing an object to other objects while maintaining a high level of compliance with the logical aspects of hydrodynamics and physics of reservoir systems. Further development of the algorithm presented in the work lies in the plane of using a minimum number of parameters for analysis, ensuring a high percentage of separation of objects, taking into account the heterogeneity of their values.
CAPILLARY PROCESSES DURING FLOODING OF LAYERED-HETEROMOGENEOUS PRODUCTIVE FORMATIONS
Authors: Svalov A.M.
Published: May 2024

The paper presents an analysis of existing laboratory methods for determining capillary pressure functions used in mathematical and computer modeling of the processes of capillary impregnation of low-permeability layers of layered heterogeneous hydrophilic reservoirs during their flooding.It is shown that in existing methods for determining capillary pressure functions in rock samples using capillarimeters and high-speed centrifuges, the factor of the formation of residual oil in the pore space of the rock is not taken into account. At the same time, the processes of displacement of oil by water from productive formations and, in particular, the processes of capillary impregnation of the rock, are characterized by the processes of formation of microvolumes precisely of immobile residual oil in its pore space. Meanwhile, when conducting laboratory studies of rock samples using existing methods, another process is physically reproduced — the process of displacement of water by oil, during which microvolumes of residual water, rather than oil, are formed.This difference in the structure of the oil-water medium leads to a significant difference between the capillary pressure functions determined by traditional methods and the capillary pressure functions that control the distribution of oil and water phases in the pore space of rocks in the processes of displacement of oil from them by water pumped into the reservoir.This difference is especially significant when flooding low-permeability rocks characterized by high capillary pressure values.The work suggests possible approaches to conducting laboratory studies of rock cores that are more consistent with the structural features of the oil-water environment during flooding of productive formations.For the most complete capillary impregnation of low-permeable layers of a layered heterogeneous formation with water from quickly watered high-permeability layers, a method is proposed that consists in the fact that the water pumped into the formation must contain the minimum required amount of oil, ensuring the mobility (connectivity) of the oil phase in the watered high-permeability layers.For this purpose, water from production wells containing a certain amount of residual oil can be used for injection into the reservoir. The economic feasibility of the proposed method should be justified by the results of computer modeling of capillary impregnation processes, taking into account the described features of capillary pressure functions characteristic ofprocesses of oil displacement from productive formations during their waterflooding.
Socioeconomic Pheno­menon of Entrepreneurship at the Border XX–XXI Centuries in Regional Historiography
Authors: Sanzhieva Tatyana , Shatonov Bair
Published: May 2024

The article examines the historiography of the development of entrepreneurship at the turn of the XX–XXI centuries. in certain regions. Entrepreneurial activity, which is the main socio-economic function of a market economy, has become the object of attention of many researchers. For the most part, scientific works on entrepreneurship, which became the subject of historiographical analysis in the article, were written by sociologists and economists, and therefore are presented in a socioeconomic persepctive. This approach to the study of entrepreneurship can be considered logical, since the study of the process of formation of a new system of economic relations could only be carried out on the basis of other methodological approaches and the development of a new conceptual apparatus. Therefore, the phenomenon of entrepreneurship has been interpreted not only by historians, but also by sociologists and economists. The socioeconomic approach to the study of entrepreneurship is clearly manifested in regional historiography. The analyzed literature is mainly devoted to the study of the social characteristics of entrepreneurs as a special group in the new social structure, the sources of its replenishment, as well as the problems of the legal field of their activities. Extensive literature in this direction is presented on the history of trade entrepreneurship, and in the regional aspect — on the Republic of Buryatia.
Pulp and Paper Industry at the Start of the First Five-Year Plan: Plans and Practices
Authors: Zykin Ivan
Published: May 2024

In Soviet Russia and the Soviet Union, formed in 1922, the pulp and paper industry was poorly developed. Following the First World War, the Civil War and the Soviet-Polish War, the loss of the western regions, where more than a third of paper products were produced, was also a negative factor. Despite the presence of large forest areas, there were not enough resources for their development, and there was no machine-building base. As a result, the Soviet state imported significant volumes of semi-finished products, paper and cardboard. The article analyzes the plans of the Supreme Economic Council of the USSR for the development of the pulp and paper industry in the second half of the 1920s, the design and progress of construction of enterprises. It was revealed that the main economic body sought to gradually reduce the import of wood pulp, pulp, paper and other necessary materials through the expansion and construction of production facilities. Trusts and regional economic bodies played a major role in the location of enterprises. For them, new construction provided an opportunity to attract capital investment and create industrial centers. It is concluded that large-scale plans for the development of the pulp and paper industry in the Soviet Union in the second half of the 1920s. were poorly developed from a financial and personnel point of view, were based on the weak level of development of the industry and reflected the optimistic ideas of economists and business executives about the potential of the new economic policy. On the contrary, the competition for projects of pulp and paper enterprises in 1928 reflected the transition from decentralized to centralized design of facilities and demonstrated the priorities of the Soviet government regarding the location of new production facilities.
Employment of Engineering and Technical Workers at Industrial Enterprises of Leningrad in 1928–1937
Authors: Kolobova Anastasia
Published: May 2024

During the first five-year plans, the country's leadership paid special attention to providing industrial enterprises with qualified personnel, primarily engineers and technicians. Until now, the problem of employing specialists has remained poorly understood. Meanwhile, the study of this issue makes it possible not only to draw a conclusion about the extent to which the distribution of qualified personnel was the exclusive sphere of state activity, but also to evaluate the results of this process. The article attempts to analyze the practice of hiring engineering and technical workers at industrial enterprises in Leningrad in 1928–1937. The execution by the labor exchange and the bodies of the People's Commissariat of Labor of requests from factories and factories, the targeted transfer of qualified personnel from management departments to the production sector, as well as the distribution of graduates of universities, colleges and technical schools are considered as the main ways to meet the needs of industrial enterprises of Leningrad in engineering. technical workers. Since none of these methods solved the personnel problem, the practice of “luring” qualified personnel from one enterprise to another became widespread. Economic organizations (trusts and production associations, factories and factories) had a significant influence on the distribution of personnel. Not least was the role of the engineering and technical workers themselves, who had the opportunity to terminate the employment contract unilaterally. As a result, the system of hiring qualified personnel worked, rather, to redistribute engineering and technical workers between enterprises and contributed not to stabilizing the personnel situation, but to increasing the mobility of specialists.