bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Query Optimization in Uncertain and Probabilistic Databases
Authors: Kheradkar Vivek V. , vivek India , Shirgave S. K.
Published: August 2023

Query optimization is a critical aspect of database systems as it helps to reduce query execution time and improve system performance. In this study, Probabilistic object models to get the specific facts from available statistics and efficient query optimization. Query optimization is a technique that considers potential query plans based on lineage in order to determine the most effective way to perform a particular query. Many exceptional components are together used to perform query optimization along with scanner and parser, intermediate shape of query and query optimizer. Based on order of all of the clause and lineage expression tree of query, many query execution plan can be generated, then query optimizer will select efficient query plan for query optimization. The query's ultimate result will be produced based on that strategy. This paper is concentrated on, to analyzed the performance of different query optimization techniques in uncertain and probabilistic databases using the RelationalCross Model, Simple PODM, Optimize PODM, and Optimize Cache PODM. The outcomes demonstrated that in terms of query execution time and system performance, the Optimize Cache PODM strategy performed better than the other techniques. It also identified some challenges and limitations in query optimization for uncertain and probabilistic databases. Overall, this study highlights the importance of query optimization techniques in uncertain and probabilistic databases and provides insights into the effectiveness of different optimization techniques. These findings can help database administrators and developers to make informed decisions when choosing the most suitable query optimization technique for their database system.
Genetic and antigenic characteristics of bluetongue virus serotype-1 from an apparently healthy goat in India
Authors: Chand Karam , Subramaniam Saravanan , Biswas Sanchay Kumar , Gautam Siddharth , Kharayat Nitish Singh , Sharma Gaurav Kumar
Published: August 2023

Bluetongue virus (BTV) affects domestic and wild ruminants and is transmitted by Culicoides spp. In the present study, genetic and antigenic characterization of the BTV-1 serotype (MKD20/08/Ind isolate) was carried out to understand the phylogenetic relationship and molecular epidemiology of bluetongue. Full genome sequencing of a BTV-1 isolate of goat from Northern India was carried out using next-generation sequencing (NGS). The full genome sequence data was analyzed and the phylogenetic relationship of the goat isolate with other BTV-1 was established. Phylogenetic analysis grouped the MKD-20/08/Ind isolate within serotype 1, with a high level of nucleotide sequence identity (> 99%) to the previous BTV-1, confirming its serotype. The phylogenetic tree constructed from the outer capsid protein genes, seg-2 and seg-6, segregated MKD-20/08/Ind with other Indian BTV-1 isolates reported earlier. All BTV genome segments were found to be evolving under strong purifying (negative) selection, as none of the sites were found to be under positive selection pressure. The mean substitution rate of different segments of BTV-1 isolates varied from 1.663 x 10− 2 (seg-8) to 3.949×10− 3 (seg-1) substitutions per site per year. The time to the most recent common ancestor (tMRCA) indicates all the genome segments of BTV-1 might have an older ancestor. The phenotypic antigenic relationship (r) of the MKD20/08/Ind isolate with other BTV-1 isolate-specific hyperimmune serum (HIS) determined by serum neutralization test (SNT) was 0.44 to 0.80. The neutralization behaviours of the MKD20/08/Ind with other BTV-1 isolate-specific HIS suggest probable minor subtype antigenic variation. Full-genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of an Indian BTV-1 recovered from a healthy goat in Northern India indicate ancestral relationships amongst the Indian and Mediterranean BTV-1 isolates.
Diadema Setosum Chemical Compounds With Gc-ms Analysis as a Triple Inhibitor Antiviral Covid-19
Authors: Nugroho Endik Deni , Sururi Ahmad Misbakhus , Rahayu Dwi Anggorowati , Ardiansyah Reza , Kurniwawan Nia , Widodo Widodo
Published: August 2023

Marine echinoderms, specifically the sea urchin species Diadema setosum, may hold promise in the medical field as potential sources of antiviral agents for Covid-19. Recent research focused on identifying the compounds within their extracts and their effectiveness as inhibitors for the 3CLpro, RdRp, and ACE2 proteins through in silico modelling. This research begin with extraction and GC-MS analysis to identify the contents of the extract; the identified compounds were analyzed by molecular docking to determine their potential as antivirals. A compound exhibited a favourable Lipinski profile and low toxicity prediction, suggesting its potential as a viable antiviral candidate. The results showed that there was one compound, namely 5H-Isoindole[1,2-b][3]benzazepine-5-one, 7,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-10-hydroxy-3,4,12-trimethoxy- which has the potential to as an antiviral with the support of druglikeness profile and prediction of its toxicity. While additional research is necessary to comprehend its therapeutic potential fully, the study's findings showcase the compound's potency as a promising antiviral agent.
A Rare Case of Synchronous Primary Uterine Cervical Minimal Deviation Adenocarcinoma and low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm
Authors: Xiang Junmiao , Cai Zhuhua , Yu Sisi
Published: August 2023

Cervical minimal deviation adenocarcinoma (MDA) is a rare malignant tumor with high misdiagnosis rate, high invasiveness, poor prognosis, and its diagnosis depends on histopathology. We report a case of a 55-year-old menopausal woman who came to the hospital for “a watery vaginal discharge for 4 years”. The postoperative diagnosis revealed cervical minimal deviation adenocarcinoma and a synchronous primary low-grade appendiceal mucinous tumor. This article briefly describes the symptoms, history, imaging, vaginoscopy and histopathology of MDA, throughout the whole process of diagnosis and treatment, for future clinical reference.
Gamma knife Radiosurgery for Third Ventricular Colloid Cysts
Authors: El-Shehaby Amr M. N. , Reda Wael A. , Karim Khaled M. Abdel , Nabeel Ahmed M. , Eldin Reem M. Emad , Tawadros Sameh R.
Published: August 2023

Background: Colloid cysts often occur in the third ventricle, and they are considered benign slowly growing lesions. They commonly present with symptoms of intracranial hypertension and rarely sudden death due to acute hydrocephalus. Management options include cerebrospinal fluid diversion procedure by shunt, endoscopic or transcranial surgical excision and stereotactic aspiration. Complications associated with excisional procedures make them undesirable to some patients. Stereotactic radiosurgery has emerged as a non-invasive less risky treatment option. To date, there is no clinical series in literature reporting on this treatment modality.
Objective: To determine the efficacy and safety of gamma knife radiosurgery in the treatment of third ventricular colloid cysts.
Patients and methods
This is a retrospective study involving 13 patients with third ventricular colloid cysts that underwent gamma knife radiosurgery. Gamma knife radiosurgery was used as a primary treatment in all the patients. The median prescription dose was 12 Gy (11-12 Gy). The tumor volumes ranged from 0.2 to 10 cc (median 1.6 cc).
Results
The median follow up was 50 months (18-108 months). Tumor control was achieved in 100% of the patients. Complete or partial response was observed in 12 patients (92%). Eight patients (62%) had hydrocephalus on imaging at initial diagnosis. Seven of these patients had VP shunt insertion before GK. One patient required shunt insertion after GK.
Conclusion
GK for third ventricular colloid cysts is a promising treatment, as regards efficacy and safety, to be added to other treatment options. A longer follow up is required to confirm long-term control.
Abdominal Aortic Intima-Media Thickness in Infants at 6 Weeks of Age as an Early Life Marker of Atherosclerosis: A Longitudinal Twin Birth Cohort Study
Authors: Zhang Qin , Luan Xiaojin , Yuan Xi , Qi Hongbo
Published: August 2023

Purpose
Aortic intima-media thickness (aIMT) is an indicator to assess preclinical atherosclerosis in early life and may be influenced by prenatal and perinatal factors. We aimed to examine the predictive role of aIMT at 6 weeks of age and investigate the potential influencing factors by using a longitudinal twin birth cohort.
Methods
The abdominal aIMT and abdominal aortic diameter (AoD) were evaluated in 173 twin infants at 6 weeks of age by transabdominal ultrasound. Infant anthropometrics were measured at the same time. Data on maternal information were collected from self-made questionnaires and medical records. Data on neonatal outcomes were collected from medical records. Generalized estimation equation models were constructed to determine the associations between the mean aIMT value and cardiometabolic risk and perinatal factors.
Results
The mean aIMT value at 6 weeks of age was associated with total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and apolipoprotein B (apoB) levels at the age of four years (β = 19.24, 95% CI 0.04,38.44; P < 0.05; β=-43.88, 95% CI -54.45, -33.30; P < 0.001; β = 25.05, 95% CI 2.64,47.46; P < 0.05; β = 91.39, 95% CI 12.98,169.79; P < 0.05). An increased birthweight and AoD were associated with the mean aIMT value (β = 37.89 µm, 95% CI 12.54, 63.24; P < 0.01; β = 0.03 µm, 95% CI 0.02, 0.04; P < 0.001).
Conclusions
The abdominal aIMT value at the age of 6 weeks was correlated with the risk of atherosclerosis at 4 years of age in twins, particularly in monozygotic (MZ) twins, suggesting that aIMT may be a marker of preclinical atherosclerosis in infants.
A window into the forest: post-release behaviour of rehabilitated Bornean Sun bears (Helarctos malayanus euryspilus) in Sabah, Malaysia
Authors: Brunton Elizabeth Ann , Levengood Alexis L , Lee Thye Lim , Wong Siew Te , Chew Lin-May , Tuuga Augustine , Gunasegaran Pradeep A , Seng Yen Wah , Yeoh Boon Nie
Published: August 2023

As the number of threatened wildlife species increases globally, captive rehabilitation and release of wild caught animals plays an increasingly significant role in conservation efforts, particularly where poaching threatens wild populations. Sun bear (Helarctos malayanus) populations are decreasing globally, with habitat loss and fragmentation and poaching as key threats to the species. This study aimed to assess post-release behaviour of rehabilitated Sun bears (n = 12) using GPS-collar data to inform ongoing efforts to rehabilitate wild caught bears. We assessed spatial patterns of movement using kernel density estimates and utilisation distributions. We utilised an information theory (IT) and generalised linear modelling approach to assess temporal patterns of sun bear movement (n = 9). Home range estimates (mean = 56.68 km2, range:1.9 – 202.4) and post-release behaviour varied widely between bears, with no significant difference in home range size between males (n = 3) and females (n = 6). Home ranges of most bears stabilised within the first month and bears that were rehabilitated and released together did not spend a significant amount of time together following release. Bears were most active during daytime hours and most established a home range encompassing the riverside. The ultimate success of the releases is unknown, due to collar malfunction and damage, and the inaccessibility of the study terrain. We find that future releases of Sun bears would benefit from soft-release and in-situ rehabilitation techniques. This study provides important insights into the complexity of bear reintroductions informing future rehabilitation and releases for threatened bear species.
Quiet quitting among nurses increases their turnover intention: Evidence from Greece in the post-COVID-19 era
Authors: Galanis Petros , Moisoglou Ioannis , Katsiroumpa Aglaia , Vraka Irene , Siskou Olga , Konstantakopoulou Olympia , Kaitelidou Daphne
Published: August 2023

Background
As turnover intention is a strong determinant of actual turnover behavior, scholars should identify determinants of turnover intention.
Purpose
To assess the effect of quiet quitting on nurses’ turnover intention. Additionally, we investigated the impact of several demographic and job characteristics on turnover intention.
Methods
A cross-sectional study with 629 nurses in Greece was conducted. Data collected during June 2023. We measured quiet quitting with the “Quiet Quitting” scale.
Findings:
In our sample, 60.9% of nurses were considered as quiet quitters, while 40.9% experienced high levels of turnover intention. Multivariable regression analysis showed a positive relationship between quiet quitting and turnover intention. Moreover, we found that turnover intention was higher among females, shift workers, nurses in the private sector, and those that they considered their workplace as understaffed. Also, we found a positive relationship between clinical experience and turnover intention.
Conclusions
Since quiet quitting affects turnover intention, organizations, policy makers and managers should address this issue to improve nurses’ intention to stay at their works.
Numerical Method on the Generalized Gamma Distribution Parameters Using Picard’s Method
Authors: Maswadah M.
Published: August 2023

Recently, in the literature, many modifications have been introduced to improve the maximum likelihood estimation method. However, most of them are less efficient than the Bayes’ method, especially for small samples. Therefore, in this study, a numerical method based on Picard’s method has been introduced for estimating the generalized gamma distribution parameters and comparing them with Bayes’ method based on the informative gamma and kernel priors. A comparison between these estimates is provided by an extensive Monte Carlo simulation study based on two criteria: absolute bias and mean squared error. The simulation results indicated that Picard’s method is highly favourable, which provides better estimates and outperforms the Bayes’ method using different loss functions based on the generalized progressive hybrid censoring scheme. Finally, two real dataset analyses for the COVID-19 epidemic in Egypt are presented to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed methods.
Cardiac-Specific Gene TNNI3 Acts as a Potential Oncogene for Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Cai Biao , Chen Xiaoxiang , Yang Lu , Huang Wenqi , Zhao Weian
Published: August 2023

Background
The TNNI3 gene, responsible for encoding the inhibitory subunit of the troponin complex known as cardiac troponin I (cTnI), has significant implications in cardiology research. Despite reports of its abnormal expression in human carcinoma cells, the precise functions of TNNI3 in cancer remain largely unexplored. The present study seeks to examine the prognostic significance of TNNI3 in papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC).
Methods
The mRNA expression profiles were acquired from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to identify candidate prognostic genes using univariate Cox analysis, log-rank test, and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis. A prognostic risk formula was established through multivariable Cox regression analysis. Additionally, Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, and immune-related function analyses were conducted. Furthermore, western blot, cell proliferation assay, and wound healing assay were employed to validate the in vitro biological effects of TNNI3.
Results
A total of 361 differentially expressed genes (DEgenes) were found to be correlated with TNNI3 expression. A prognostic risk formula including the genes PTPRH, LGR5, and DMRT3 was then formulated. Notably, the low-risk group demonstrated superior overall survival (OS) outcomes compared to the high-risk group, as observed in both the training and validation cohorts. To further elucidate the potential functions of these three genes, a target gene network was constructed. Subsequent GO and KEGG analyses revealed their involvement in the Wnt signaling pathway, which was confirmed through western blot experiment. Furthermore, cellular experiments demonstrated that TNNI3 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of pRCC cells. Lastly, immune analyses indicated that increased expression of TNNI3 in pRCC is associated with a poorer response to immunotherapy.
Conclusion
TNNI3 might function as an oncogene via activating Wnt signaling pathway in pRCC and a three-gene signature related to TNNI3 could serve as a prognostic biomarker for pRCC. Insights are indeed provided into the potential oncogenic functions of TNNI3 in cancer research.
Constructing non-Abelian quantum spin liquids using combinatorial gauge symmetry
Authors: Green Dmitry , Chamon Claudio
Published: August 2023

We construct Hamiltonians with only 1- and 2-body interactions that exhibit an exact non-Abelian gauge symmetry (specifically, combinatiorial gauge symmetry). Our spin Hamiltonian realizes the quantum double associated to the group of quaternions. It contains only ferromagnetic and anti-ferromagnetic ZZZZ interactions, plus longitudinal and transverse fields, and therefore is an explicit example of a spin Hamiltonian with no sign problem that realizes a non-Abelian topological phase. In addition to the spin model, we propose a superconducting quantum circuit version with the same symmetry.
FINANCIAL EFFICACY OF MANGO FRUIT PROCESSING UNITS IN CHITTOOR DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Management, School of Commerce & Business Management, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur- 610005,Tamil Nadu, India., Sreenivasa Murthy K. , Kiran Talapaga Kranthi ,   Ph.D. Research scholar, Department of Management, School of Commerce and Business ManagementCentral University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur - 610005,Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: August 2023

The liberalisation of Indian economy and world trade and rising consumer prosperity have thrown up new opportunities for diversification in the food processing sector and opened new vistas for growth. The study is an earnest attempt to study the production, Marketing, finance and other general factors of Fruit Processing Units in Chittoor District of Andhra Pradesh. The study is based on both primary and secondary data. The Mango fruit processing industry, being at the lowest segment of the food processing industries has not received adequate attention, particularly in Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh. The present study is basically non-technical it concentrates on the financial, marketing, production and general issues relating to the mango fruit processing units in Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh. A brief review of past researches relevant to the present study is presented. Appropriate suggestions to be offered to tone up the performance of the mango fruit processing industry based on the observations of the study. The study will be of an immense help to the policy makers for formulating appropriate policies and allocating funds for the development of fruit processing industry. The study also is useful to the investors, banks and other financial institutions to take various investment decisions in the sub sector.
STUDY OF METABOLIC PROFILE OF LEAN AND OBESE SUBJECTS WITH NON ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE AT A TERTIARY HOSPITAL
Authors:   AssistantProfessor, Dept of General Medicine, Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Institute of Medical Science & Research Foundation, Chinnaoutapali, Andhra Pradesh., L. Ramya , Venkat K. Sai ,   Assistant Professor, Dept of General Medicine, Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Institute of Medical Science & Research Foundation, Chinnaoutapali, Andhra Pradesh., G. Pavani ,   Post Graduate, Dept of General Medicine, Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Institute of Medical Science & Research Foundation, Chinnaoutapali, Andhra Pradesh., Devi G. Madhuri ,   Post Graduate, Dept of General Medicine, Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Institute of Medical Science & Research Foundation, Chinnaoutapali, Andhra Pradesh., Jyothi V. Naga ,   Post Graduate, Dept of General Medicine, Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Institute of Medical Science & Research Foundation, Chinnaoutapali, Andhra Pradesh.
Published: August 2023

Background: Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is often understood to be the hepatic expression of metabolic syndrome. In both lean & obese individuals, one common theme of NAFLD metabolism is the prevalence of Insulin Resistance (IR). Aims & Objectives: To assess & compare the Metabolic profile of obese & lean subjects with NAFLD. Materials & Methods: Hospital based Prospective study done in 60 Patients selected by random sampling procedure matching the inclusion criteria. A pretested pro forma was used Results: 26.7% in the obese group and 13.3% in the lean Group had Positive Family history of Diabetes and Hypertension. Mean waist circumference in obese group was 91.23 Â± 7.84 and in lean group was 88.73 Â±9.60. BMI in the obese group was 33.14Â± 2.10 and in lean group was 22.66 Â±3.32. SBP in the obese group it was 132.93 Â±15.06 and in lean group was 120.66 Â±7.03.Triglyceride levels in the obese group it was 173.76 Â±29.97 and in lean group was 147.46 Â±36.35.FBS levels in the obese group it was 110.23 Â±11.36 and in lean group was 85.43 Â± 9.00 Conclusion: The Present Study suggesting obese and lean individuals who had comorbidities , have more metabolic dysregulation than obese and lean individuals without having comorbidities.
Monetary access and survival of small and medium-sized enterprises in South Africa post-COVID-19 era
Authors: Sthembiso Msomi Thabiso , Grace Ngcobo Nontokozo
Published: August 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has posed significant challenges to the survival of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in South Africa, particularly in accessing necessary funding for their daily operations. This study aimed to assess the relationship between monetary access and survival of SMEs in South Africa in the post-COVID-19 era. Quantitative methods were employed to collect data from a sample of 321 SMEs in South Africa, selected through purposive technique. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS, with linear regression and Pearson’s correlation analysis determining the impact of independent factors on the dependent variable. The findings revealed a notable positive correlation between monetary access and the survival of SMEs in the post-COVID-19 era. Specifically, increased access to financial resources was associated with improved survival rates for SMEs. Furthermore, limited financial access hindered the range of services SMEs could provide and restricted their overall performance. These findings emphasize the critical importance of policymakers regularly evaluating and revising their policy actions to address the challenges SMEs face in accessing finances. By adopting effective measures to enhance monetary access for SMEs, policymakers can support their survival and enable them to thrive in the post-COVID-19 era. Finally, this study underscores the significance of monetary access for SMEs’ survival in South Africa following the COVID-19 pandemic. It highlights the need for policy interventions that alleviate SMEs’ difficulties in obtaining funding, enabling them to contribute significantly to economic growth and development.
Irritable bowel syndrome and IBS-like syndrome: current concepts, diagnosis, treatment approaches
Authors: Minushkin O. N.
Published: August 2023

The article presents the latest international guidelines on functional gastrointestinal disorders (Rome IV criteria). It is difficult to consider all functional disorders within one paper, and therefore it was decided to address the problem using the example of the most common functional disorder – irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and a similar IBS-like syndrome (IBS-LS), which is particularly problematic in clinical practice. The case is illustrated by our own findings i.e.  an analysis of 130 patients (80 with IBS and 50 with IBS-LS). The treatment included a specialized probiotic ProbioLog IBS (1 capsule per day) and involved several steps (each step comprises 2 weeks, 6 weeks in total). At the end of each treatment step, the therapy was evaluated followed by correction of the following step. The effectiveness of treatment was 80%; additional correction was required for 10% of patients with persistent pain, which was relieved by adding Meteospasmil to the treatment combination. Administration of digestive enzymes was required for 10% of patients with IBS-PS, which developed due to chronic pancreatitis at the stage of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Thus, the therapeutic effect on altered microbiota, one component of the pathological symptom group (IBS and IBS-LS), with a probiotic containing three bacterial strains targeted in IBS (ProbioLog IBS) was effective in 80% of patients, and only 20% needed additional correction of treatment with motility regulators and enzyme drugs.
Coenzyme Q: food sources, adequate and clinically effective doses
Authors: Kodentsova V. M. , Risnik D. V. , Sarkisyan V. A. , Frolova Yu. V.
Published: August 2023

Coenzyme Q (CoQ) plays a key role in cell bioenergetics; it is not only supplied with food, but also synthesized in the body. Endogenous CoQ synthesis decreases with age, with statin use, with cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and other diseases. In this regard, specialized food products (SFP) enriched with CoQ are being developed. Aim of the review – compare the CoQ doses allowed for use as part of dietary supplements and SFP with doses that provide a clinical effect. Literature review was carried out using the RSCI, Pubmed databases and Google Scholar, ReserchGate systems for the keywords “ubiquinone”, “coenzyme Q10”. The amount of CoQ contained in SFP is set by domestic regulatory documents based on an adequate daily intake for adults (30 mg) and the upper allowable intake level as part of SFP and dietary supplements – 100 mg/day. Actually used doses of CoQ range from 60 to 500 mg/day. Various ways to increase the bioavailability of CoQ have been described. When patients take CoQ, a U-shaped dose-effect relationship is observed, an effective dose that significantly reduces systolic blood pressure, fasting glucose and insulin levels, the degree of hemoglobin glycation, the HOMA-IR glycemic test is in the range of 100–200 mg / day. An improvement in the antioxidant status and a decrease of pro-inflammatory cytokines concentration in the blood plasma of athletes is provided by CoQ doses of 60–300 mg/day, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease, doses of 100–150 mg/day. Clinically effective doses of CoQ (100–200 mg/day) when used for at least 12 weeks correspond to or are 1.5–2 times higher than the upper allowable consumption level in the composition of SFP and dietary supplements. The inclusion of CoQ in the dietary therapeutic SFP in an amount that does not reach doses that are effective in a certain pathology does not achieve the expected result. A possible way to solve the problem is to increase the acceptable levels of consumption of CoQ in SFP, as well as increasing the bioavailability of CoQ in the composition of emulsions, liposomes, phytosomes and oleogels.
Features of the course of pregnancy and health of newborns with intrauterine growth restriction
Authors: Volochaeva M. V. , Kan N. E. , Tyutyunnik V. L. , Gasymova Sh. R. , Borisova A. G.
Published: August 2023

Introduction. The development of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) begins with fertilization and trophoblast invasion. IUGR is manifested in a decrease in fetal growth rate. However, data on risk factors for fetal growth retardation, their combination with various chronic diseases in a pregnant woman are contradictory.

Objective. To study the features of the course of pregnancy, childbirth, the health status of newborns with IUGR. Materials and methods. The study was a retrospective cohort study. At the first stage, we analyzed 1574 birth histories with a diagnosis of IUGR, placental insufficiency, women with normal pregnancy who gave birth (2016–2021). According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 408 women were included in the study. The women were divided into 2 groups. The first group included 202 pregnant women with a diagnosis of IUGR. In the second Group – 206 pregnant women with normal pregnancy, without IUGR, delivered at the time corresponding to the terms in the main group.

Results. We have clarified the risk factors and premorbid conditions involved in the development of IUGR (somatic and gynecological morbidity, pregnancy course). Their analysis is necessary to predict IUGR. The analysis of the timing and method of delivery in the studied groups was carried out. A higher incidence of complications in the early neonatal period was revealed when assessing the health status of newborns with IUGR.

Conclusion. Thus, the study of the mechanisms of IUGR formation in the future will allow the development of modern pathogenetic approaches to prevention and treatment.
MRI signs of mental disorders
Authors: Ageeva S. F.
Published: August 2023

Radiology methods were believed to be used to assess only structural changes in the brain. Therefore, for a long time, their use in psychiatry was seen ineffective. However, the subsequent development and emergence of new visualization techniques led to the appearance of previously inaccessible opportunities. In modern psychiatric practice magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), taskbased functional MRI (fMRI) and resting state fMRI are methods of the greatest interest. Both structural and functional changes of brain can be assessed with these techniques. Using MRI with high spatial resolution, it’s possible to assess changes in the gray matter of the brain, including its regional volume, cortical thickness, shape of the convolutions and subcortical structures. With the use of fMRI it became possible to evaluate neural activity and neural circuits of the brain. In task-based fMRI patient complete certain tasks, which leads to an increase in blood supply and oxygenation of activated parts of the brain. Resting MRI, on the other hand, evaluates spontaneous fluctuations in the brain activity. Although the diagnosis of mental illness is not based on MRI alone, imaging techniques can facilitate the process. MR-signs such as hypo- or hyperactivation of brain areas, an increase or decrease in the volume of brain zones can be observed. The text describes examples of MR-characteristics of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, and MR-features of cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis.
Epidemiological analysis of systemic mycoses in COVID-19
Authors: Martynova A. V. , Pavlova O. S. , Yusupova E. P.
Published: August 2023

Introduction. When analyzing constantly incoming information, it becomes clear that the growing risk of co-infections with a new coronavirus infection is the main threat of complications leading to death.

Aim. A significant part of the information is the data accumulated by specialists on co-infections with systemic mycoses, which often causes a fatal outcome in coronavirus infection.

Material and methods. In study systematized information about systemic mycoses in case of coronavirus infection, diagnosed according to the data of medical institutions in Vladivostok, specializing in the treatment of patients with a new coronavirus infection in the period from autumn 2020 to spring 2021.The results of a survey of 200 patients with a new coronavirus infection who were diagnosed with ventilator-associated pneumonia were studied.

Results and discussion. Systemic mycoses in patients with COVID-19 do not create a relatively new situation: fungal-bacterial or viral-fungal co-infections were described even during the H1N1 or H7N9 influenza outbreaks. Almost all patients were treated with corticosteroids at high doses causing immunosuppression, which in turn contributed to the development of systemic mycosis. 26% (52 patients) were diagnosed with systemic mycoses, where the leading pathogens were fungi of the genus Aspergillus: A. niger, A terreus, A. fumigatus. The second place (15%, 30 patients) was occupied by representatives of the genus Candida, where C. albicans prevailed. All patients with diagnosed mycoses who were on treatment were prescribed, among other things, antimycotic therapy (voriconazole, fluconazole, caspofungin). However, all patients had a lethal outcome, which was determined by the combination of infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, and, ultimately, by the development of systemic mycosis, including the presence of concomitant pathology that determines the development of the infectious process.

Conclusions. In the event of novel coronavirus infection, identification of associations of SARS-CoV-19 virus and other viruses combined with fungi also requires early clinical evaluation.
Prospects for the application of bacteriophages in the treatment of sinusitis caused by antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains
Authors: Kryukov A. I. , Gurov A. V. , Cherkasov D. S. , Teplykh E. A.
Published: August 2023

Purulent diseases in otorhinolaryngology are of great interest due to their widespread prevalence and the objective difficulties of treatment. One of the most frequently encountered nosological forms is purulent sinusitis. A key element in the complex treatment of bacterial sinusitis is systemic antibiotic therapy aimed at the eradication of pathobionts from the focus of infection. However, the increasing worldwide drug resistance of etiologically significant microorganisms complicates antibacterial chemotherapy of purulent sinusitis and raises questions about its future feasibility. The threat of a change from a resistance era to a post-antibiotic era is very significant, given the acute shortage of new antibiotics and the relatively rapid adaptation of bacterial microorganisms to them. The global community is therefore faced with the challenge of finding other drugs with antimicrobial activity. In recent decades, genetically modified virulent bacteriophages and phagolytes isolated on their basis are becoming increasingly attractive in the fight against purulent infections of various localizations caused by drug-resistant bacteria. This literature review focuses on the potential of phage therapy for acute bacterial sinusitis in an era of globally increasing bacterial strain resistance. The article details the causative agents of community-acquired and hospital-acquired acute sinusitis, the main mechanisms of bacterial antibiotic resistance, the effect of virulent phages on bacteria, and studies on the efficacy of phage therapy in the treatment of acute sinusitis. The facts outlined herein clearly indicate the efficacy of phage therapy, as well as therapeutic perspectives on using bacteriophages in the complex treatment of purulent sinusitis caused by antibiotic-resistant microbiota.
Features of the course of diffuse toxic goiter in elderly patients
Authors: Bulgakova S. V. , Kosareva O. V. , Dolgikh Yu. A. , Sharonova L. A. , Treneva E. V. , Kurmayev D. P.
Published: August 2023

Diffuse toxic goiter is one of the frequent endocrine pathologies that lead to damage to the cardiovascular system. The prevalence of thyrotoxicosis in people over 65 years of age is 15%. The clinic of thyrotoxicosis among elderly patients is nonspecific and asymptomatic. Asthenic symptoms prevail – increasing muscle weakness, weight loss, neurological symptoms, expressed in lethargy and depression, changes in the gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular system. Elderly patients often have tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, atrial fibrillation, increasing heart failure, which is associated with age-related changes in the myocardium, concomitant atherosclerosis-associated diseases. Atrial fibrillation in patients with thyrotoxicosis increases the risk of thromboembolic complications. Low-symptomatic manifestations of thyrotoxicosis require a more thorough examination, including laboratory, hormonal and instrumental methods. This article considers a clinical case of an elderly patient with diffuse toxic goiter. The features of the clinical picture with the predominance of disorders from the cardiovascular system -interruptions in the work of the heart, increased shortness of breath, signs of increasing cardiovascular insufficiency are presented. Diagnostic studies, differential diagnostic search, confirming the presence of thyrotoxicosis and cardiovascular insufficiency were conducted. Appropriate treatment has been prescribed. An integrated approach in the treatment of patients with diffuse toxic goiter in combination with ischemic heart disease significantly improves the condition of patients, normalizes the thyrotoxic status, and, consequently, the state of the cardiovascular system against the background of the use of thyrostatics. Also, the wellbeing of patients improves because of correction of cardioprotective therapy, the heart rate is normalized, the signs of chronic heart failure are significantly compensated.
Attila’nın Batı Roma İmparatorluğu İle İlişkileri ve Roma’yı İşgal Tasarısı
Authors: YURDAKUL Şenol
Published: August 2023

Avrupa Hun hükümdarı Attila, öncülü olan Hun yöneticileri gibi Doğu ve Batı Roma imparatorluklarıyla siyasi ve askeri ilişkiler kurmuştur. Bu çalışmanın konusu bağlamında Attila’nın Batı Roma İmparatorluğu ile ilişkileri, başlangıçta dostluk ve askeri müttefiklik temeli üzerine inşa edilmişken ilerleyen zamanda Galya ile İtalya’nın işgaline kadar gidecek bir sürece evrilmiştir. Attila’nın İtalya’yı işgali, kadim başkent Roma’yı kuşatma tasarısını da içine almıştır. Bu makale, eldeki mevcut kaynaklara göre Attila’nın Batı Roma yönetimiyle ilişkilerinin tarihsel süreçteki seyrini ele almakta, Attila’nın Galya ve İtalya’yı işgalinin altında yatan sebeplerle bu işgallerin Batı Roma İmparatorluğu ile Avrupa tarihi açısından ne gibi sonuçlar doğurduğunu ortaya koymaya çalışmaktadır.
Yan Pototski’nin Seyahat Notlarına Göre Astarhan ve Çevresi (1797)
Authors: SEVER Zafer
Published: August 2023

Modern çağın ilk seyahat yazarlarından biri olarak görülen Yan Pototski çağdaşları tarafından tarihçi, dilbilimci, coğrafyacı, arkeolog, doğa bilimci ve daha birçok meziyetlere sahip bir ilim adamı olarak kabul edilir. Hemen hemen bütün Slav topraklarına, Avrupa’ya, Asya’ya, Afrika’ya ve daha birçok yere seyahat eden Pototski, seyahatlerinin ardından birçok yazı kaleme aldı. Bu seyahatlerden biri de 1797-1798 yıllarında Astarhan ve Kafkasya’ya yaptığı seyahattir. Pototski seyahatinin ilk yılını Astarhan ve çevresine ayırmıştır. Bu kısım ilk olarak Petersburg’da yayın yapan Severnıy Arhiv Dergisi’nin 1828 yılında çıkarılan I ve II. sayılarında yayımlandı. Bir bahar günü Moskova’dan seyahatine başlayan Pototski önce kara yoluyla Serapta’ya oradan da bir gemiyle Astarhan’a geçti. Bu seyahatte Astarhan ve çevresinde yaşayan Kalmuklar, Kazaklar, Tatarlar, Kozaklar, Budistler başta olmak üzere diğer bozkır halkları hakkında ilginç bilgiler yer almaktadır. Pototski’nin seyahati 18. asrın sonunda bölgenin demografik yapısını, çok kültürlü ve çok dilli olmasını göstermesi bakımından önemlidir. Bu nedenle çalışma bölge hakkında araştırma yapacaklara tarihsel ve kültürel bağlamda katkı sağlayacaktır.
Türk Basınında Sadrazam Talat Paşa (3 Şubat 1917-10 Kasım 1918)
Authors: AK İlyas
Published: August 2023

Talât Paşa, sadrazam olarak 3 Şubat 1917-8 Ekim 1918 tarihleri arasında görev yaptı. Görev yaptığı bu kısa süre içerisinde Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nın seyrini değiştiren hatta sonlandıran gelişmeler oldu. Sadrazam olduktan kısa bir süre sonra Rusya’da Bolşevik İhtilali oldu ve Ruslar savaştan çekildi. Rusya’nın savaştan çekilme isteği üzerine Brest-Litovsk’ta yapılan barış görüşmelerine Talât Paşa katıldı. Her ne kadar Rusya’nın savaştan çekilmesi İttifak devletlerinin zaferi olarak gözükse de Bakü petrollerine sahip olma isteği Osmanlı Devleti ile Almanya arasında sert bir rekabet başlattı. Bu rekabet iki müttefik devleti savaşın eşiğine getirdi. Paşa, bu ortamı yatıştırmak için Berlin’e ziyaret gerçekleştirdi. Diğer taraftan bazı kesimler tarafından tehcirin de bir numaralı sorumlusu olarak Talât Paşa gösterilmekteydi. Nihayetinde Mondros Mütarekesi imzalandıktan sonra İttihatçı liderlerle beraber Talât Paşa da yurtdışına gitmek zorunda kaldı. Bu çalışmanın amacı dönemin Türk basınına Talât Paşa’nın sadrazamlığa atanmasından yurtdışına gidişine kadar geçen sürecin nasıl yansıdığı; Paşa’nın sadrazamlığı sırasında vermiş olduğu beyanatları, seyahatleri, Alman botuyla yurt dışına gidişi ve son olarak Berlin’de katledilmesiyle sonuçlanan yaşam öyküsünü İkdam, Sabah, Tanin, Zaman, Tercümân-ı Hakîkat, Tasvîr-i Efkâr, Vakit ve Yenigün gibi dönemin tirajı yüksek gazetelerinden faydalanmak suretiyle ortaya koymaktır.
Kars Antlaşması’nın Türk Basınına Yansıması ve Jeopolitik Önemi
Authors: ARSLAN BİLGİN Funda
Published: August 2023

Türkiye ve Rusya arasındaki savaşı tamamen bitiren bir dostluk anlaşması niteliğinde olan Moskova Antlaşması’nın imzalanması sonrasında Türkiye, Kafkasya bölgesinde de güvenliğini garanti altına almak için Güney Kafkasya Sovyet Hükümetleri ile müzakere ederek anlaşma yapmak istemiştir. Görüşmeler için tarihî önemi bulunan Kars şehri seçilmiştir. Kars, Rusya-Türkiye ilişkileri çerçevesinde her zaman önemini koruyan bir bölge olmuştur. Şehirde Rusya’nın da gözlemci olarak katıldığı bir konferans düzenlenmiştir. Bu konferans neticesinde Kars Antlaşması imzalanmıştır. Kars Antlaşması jeopolitik açıdan Türkiye’nin doğu sınırlarını netleştirdiği ve sınırlarını hukuki olarak da güvence altına aldığı bir anlaşmadır. Bu çalışmada; Kars Konferansı ve Kars Antlaşması, dönemin üç önemli gazetesi olan Hâkimiyet-i Milliye, İkdam ve Tercüman-ı Hakikat Gazeteleri üzerinden ele alınarak incelenmiştir.
The method of penalty functions in the analysis of optimal control problems of Navier — Stokes evolutionary systems with a spatial variable in a network-like domain
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Zhabko Nataliya A. , Karelin Vladimir V. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Provotorov Vyacheslav V. ,   Voronezh State University, Sergeev Sergey M. ,   Peter the Great St Petersburg Polytechnic University
Published: August 2023

The article considers the Navier — Stokes evolutionary differential system used in the mathematical description of the evolutionary processes of transportation of various types of liquids through network or main pipelines. The Navier—Stokes system is considered in Sobolev spaces, the elements of which are functions with carriers on n-dimensional networklike domains. These domains are a totality of a finite number of mutually non-intersecting subdomains connected to each other by parts of the surfaces of their boundaries like a graph (in applications these are the places of branching of pipelines). Two main questions of analysis are discussed: the weak solvability of the initial boundary value problem of the Navier — Stokes system and the optimal control of this system. The main method of research of weak solutions is the semidigitization of the input system by a time variable, that is the reduction of a differential system to a differential-difference system, and using a priori estimates for weak solutions of boundary value problems to prove the theorem of the existence of a solution of the input differential system. For the optimal control problem a minimizing functional (the penalty function) and a family of the approximate functional with parameters that characterize the “penalty” for failure to fulfill the equations of state of the system are introduced. At the same time, a special Hilbert space is created, the elements of which are pairs of functions that describe the state of the system and controlling actions. The convergence of the sequence of such functions to the optimal state of the system and its corresponding optimal control is proved. The latter essentially widen the possibilities of analysis of stationary and nonstationary network-like processes of hydrodynamics and optimal control of these processesd.
Mathematical methods for analyzing the results of investigation of dielectric
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Egorov Nikolay V. , Karpov Andrey G. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Sobolev Sergey P. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: August 2023

One of the most informative methods for studying dielectric materials is the analysis of their polarization and depolarization processes. The most suitable representation is the dielectric diagram in the complex plane (Argand diagram). Often, the dielectric diagram is represented as a collection of intersecting parts of circles, at least for preprocessing. The paper proposes means of modeling the dielectric diagram by means of a set of parts of circles.
Graph vertices ranking using absolute potentials of electric circuit nodes
Authors:   Federal Research Center “Karelian Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Mazalov Vladimir V. ,   Petrozavodsk State University, Khitraya Vitalia A. ,   Federal Research Center “Karelian Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences”,   Petrozavodsk State University
Published: August 2023

A method for ranking the vertices of a graph based on Kirchhoff’s laws for determining the potentials of an electrical network is proposed. The graph is represented as an electrical network, where the edge weights are interpreted as electrical conductivities. Next, the current is supplied to one of the vertices, and the absolute potentials of all vertices are determined by the Kirchhoff method. Based on the obtained potential values, the vertices are ranked. Then the current is sequentially applied to all vertices and the ranking is performed each time. For the final ranking, it is proposed to apply the ranking procedure based on the tournament matrix. The operation of the ranking algorithm is illustrated by numerical examples related to graphs of specific transport networks.
Network traffic anomalies automatic detection in DDoS attacks
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Orekhov Andrey V. , Orekhov Aleksey A. ,   Transtech
Published: August 2023

Distributed denial-of-service attacks (DDoS attacks) are intrusions into computing systems of the Internet. Their purpose is to make systems of the Internet inaccessible for users. DDoS attack consist of sending many requests to a certain resource at the same time. As a result, the server cannot withstand the network load. In such situation, a provider must determine the moment when attack begins and change the traffic management strategy. Detection of the beginning of a DDoS attack is possible by using unsupervised machine learning methods and sequential statistical analysis of network activity. To activate that, convenient to use mathematical models based on discrete random processes with monotonically increasing trajectories. Random functions, which are represented in the correspondence between generalized time and the cumulative sum of network traffic or the correspondence between the total number of incoming packets and the cumulative sum of packets processed, change their type of increasing from linear to non-linear. In the first case, to parabolic or exponential, in the second case to logarithmic or arctangent. To determine the moment when the type of increasing is going to change, one can use quadratic forms of approximation-estimation tests as statistical rules.