bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peran Lingkungan Sekolah dalam Mengatasi Kesulitan Belajar Siswa di SMP PGRI 7 Kota Bandung
Authors: Yulia Fatimah  , Yami Rira Rahma , Nisa Riri Rahmi , Yamani Zaky Ahmad
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis peran lingkungan sekolah dalam mengatasi kesulitan belajar siswa di SMP PGRI 7 Kota Bandung. Kesulitan belajar didefinisikan sebagai kondisi di mana siswa mengalami hambatan dalam proses pembelajaran, yang dapat disebabkan oleh faktor internal maupun eksternal. Dalam konteks ini, guru memiliki peran krusial dalam membantu siswa mengatasi masalah belajar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif tipe studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi untuk mendapatkan pemahaman mendalam mengenai faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesulitan belajar siswa, serta peran lingkungan sekolah dalam menciptakan kondisi yang mendukung proses belajar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lingkungan sekolah, baik fisik maupun sosial, berkontribusi signifikan dalam mengatasi kesulitan belajar. Selain itu, strategi yang diterapkan oleh sekolah untuk membantu siswa yang mengalami kesulitan belajar juga dibahas dalam studi ini.
Analisis Kesulitan Belajar Siswa dalam Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam di SMKN 14 Bandung
Authors: Azhar Rizki Akbar Mubaroq , Saripudin Saripudin , Gina Isyana  , Syaripah Ainur
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis kesulitan belajar siswa dalam mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam dan Budi Pekerti (PAIBP) di SMKN 14 Bandung. Kesulitan belajar dalam konteks ini merujuk pada kondisi di mana siswa tidak dapat memahami dan menguasai materi PAIBP secara efektif, yang ditandai dengan keterbatasan dalam mengembangkan pemahaman terhadap konsep-konsep agama. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode wawancara mendalam dengan guru mata pelajaran dan tiga orang siswa kelas 11 sebagai subjek penelitian. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan lima jenis kesulitan utama, yaitu: 1) Kesulitan dalam membaca dan menulis Al-Qur'an, 2) Kesulitan dalam menghafal Al-Qur'an, 3) Kesulitan dalam menafsirkan ayat-ayat Al-Qur'an, 4) Kesulitan dalam memahami materi Ijtihad, dan 5) Kesulitan dalam mengaplikasikan materi PAIBP dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Temuan ini mengindikasikan perlunya strategi pembelajaran yang lebih efektif untuk meningkatkan pemahaman siswa terhadap materi PAIBP.
Clinical and radiological outcome of proximal third tibia fractures treated with intramedullary nailing
Authors:   Konaseema Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS), Amalapuram, Andhra Pradesh,India, Varma Rudraraju Ram Bhupal , Sriteja Rongala Satya ,   Konaseema Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS), Amalapuram, Andhra Pradesh,India, Kishore Vemula ,   Konaseema Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS), Amalapuram, Andhra Pradesh,India, Mouli Edibili ,   Konaseema Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS), Amalapuram, Andhra Pradesh,India
Published: August 2024

Introduction. Extra articular proximal tibia fractures represent about 5-11% of all tibia fractures, and usually exhibit complex fracture patterns with moderate to severe soft tissue damage and deforming forces. No fracture arose more controversy regarding the best method of treatment, common methods of fixation of proximal tibia fractures with intramedullary nailing and minimally invasive plating widely in these fractures. The open reduction or minimally invasive plating of these fractures is widely used plates do not provide axial and varus stability and nail being load sharing device can provide both axial and varus stability, while the nail being a load sharing device can provide both axial and varus stability with minimal soft tissue handling. However, the nailing of extraarticular proximal tibia fractures is associated with malunion. This current study aims to analyse the outcome of proximal third fractures treated with nailing. Material and methods. Thirty consecutive patients with fracture of the proximal third of the tibia shaft underwent nailing and were followed for up to 2 years. The clinical and radiological outcome of these cases and the complications encountered were analysed according to modified Klemm and Borner scoring system. Results. Our study comprised of patients in the age group 19-80 years, average being 40.5 years. Average time of partial weight bearing in the present study was 7.9 weeks (range 6-18 weeks). The average time for full weight bearing was 13 weeks (range 10-24 weeks). The mean time for radiological union was 24.6 weeks (range 20-32 weeks). Fourteen had excellent result, 10 patients had good, 4 patients had fair results and 2 patients had poor results according to Klemm and Borner functional criteria. Conclusions. Intramedullary nailing of proximal third tibia fractures when used with proper reduction technique using reduction clamps, k-wires, poller screws or unicortical plating in semi extended position for nailing is an effective, stable and successful method of treatment for proximal third fractures of tibia.
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury management: current treatment options and future prospects
Authors:   Department of Spine Disorders and Pediatric Orthopaedics, University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland, Chamieh Marc , Geha Mark ,   University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland, Mourad Wassim ,   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA, Piontek Tomasz ,   Rehasport Clinic, Poznań, Poland
Published: August 2024

The knee provides the body with mobility and stability needed to perform everyday functions. In addition, the knee joint plays a role in our proprioception and muscle coordination through the ligaments. These knee ligaments are involved in stabilizing the joint. The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a ligament that protects the tibia from forward translation. It is one of the most injured ligaments in the knee, with almost 400,000 patients undergoing ACL reconstruction surgery each year in the United States. This review aims to present a concise overview of previous and current management options available to treat ACL injuries.
A multistage treatment strategy for inflammatory complications following a multisite femur fracture in polytrauma. A case report
Authors:   Unit of Orthopaedics at the Department of General Surgery, SPZOZ, Krotoszyn, Poland, Pandey Shubham , Błaszczyk Damian ,   Unit of Orthopaedics at the Department of General Surgery, SPZOZ, Krotoszyn, Poland, Pandey Ada ,   Unit of Orthopaedics at the Department of General Surgery, SPZOZ, Krotoszyn, Poland
Published: August 2024

Various methods for treating long bone fractures present promising therapeutic possibilities. In the case presented, particular emphasis was placed on the significant effectiveness of local antibiotic administration combined with bone autografts. The complexity of the injury in 23-year-old patient with multifragmentation of the femur, compounded by infection, necessitated a multistage treatment approach.
A 40-Year Remote Sensing Analysis of Spatiotemporal Temperature and Rainfall Patterns in Senegal
Authors: Nakalembe Catherine , Frimpong Diana , Kerner Hannah , Sarr Mamadou
Published: August 2024

Climate change impacts manifest differently worldwide, with many African countries, including Senegal, being particularly vulnerable. The decline in ground observations and limited access to these observations continue to impede research efforts to understand, plan, and mitigate the current and future impacts of climate change. This occurs at a time of rapid growth in Earth observations (EO) data, methodologies, and computational capabilities, which could potentially augment studies in data-scarce regions. In this study, we utilized satellite remote sensing data leveraging historical EO data using Google Earth Engine to investigate spatio-temporal rainfall and temperature patterns in Senegal from 1981 to 2020. We combined CHIRPS precipitation data and ERA5-Land reanalysis datasets for remote sensing analysis and used the Mann-Kendall and Sen's Slope statistical tests for trend detection. Our results indicate that annual temperatures and precipitation increased by 0.73 Degrees C and 18 mm in Senegal from 1981 to 2020. All six of Senegal's agroecological zones showed statistically significant upward precipitation trends. However, the Casamance, Ferlo, Eastern Senegal, Groundnut Basin, and Senegal River Valley regions exhibited statistically significant upward trends in temperature. In the south, the approach to climate change would be centered on the effects of increased rainfall, such as flooding and soil erosion. Conversely, in the drier northern areas such as Podo and Saint Louis, the focus would be on addressing water scarcity and drought conditions. High temperatures in key crop-producing regions, such as Saraya, Goudiry, and Tambacounda in the Eastern Senegal area also threaten crop yields, especially maize, sorghum, millet, and peanuts. By acknowledging and addressing the unique impacts of climate change on various agroecological zones, policymakers and stakeholders can develop and implement customized adaptation strategies that are more successful in fostering resilience and ensuring sustainable agricultural production in the face of a changing climate.
Were the Newdigate Earthquakes, Southern England, of 2018-2019 triggered by oil extraction?
Authors: Fox Matthew , Meredith Phil
Published: August 2024

The ability to attribute earthquakes to specific causes is challenging. The 2018-2019 earthquake swarm in Newdigate, Surrey, Southern England, coincides with local oil extraction at Horse Hill. Nevertheless, it remains debated whether these earthquakes were triggered by oil extraction or whether they were coincidental. Due to the onset of seismic activity before major oil extraction and the lack of a clear correlation between seismic activity and extraction volume, it has been suggested that the earthquakes may be coincidental. However, we show that time delays between fluid pressure changes and concomitant seismic activity are common in nature. Further, we develop a simple time series model to test whether different units respond differently to oil extraction. We find that extraction from the Portland sandstones at Horse Hill produces earthquakes with a delay of a few days. In contrast, extraction from the Kimmeridge shales produces fewer earthquakes, but with a delay of tens of days. We also show that the occurrence of earthquakes before extraction might be related to surface works. This simple model reproduces the overall trend in seismicity. We are unable to rule out coincidental seismic activity, but our analysis suggests that these earthquakes are triggered by Horse Hill activity.
Between Law and Conscience: The Role of Legality in Moral Decision-Making
Authors: Kara-Yakoubian Mane , Fugelsang Jonathan Albert , Walker Alexander C.
Published: August 2024

Does the legal status of an action shape how morally wrong people perceive it to be? Across three experiments (N = 1,226), we find that participants judged actions to be more morally wrong when labelled as “illegal” as opposed to “not illegal.” Furthermore, we demonstrate the robustness of this effect, revealing the impact of act legality on moral evaluations across manipulations of agent intentionality and type of law-making process. Notably, the influence of act legality was not restricted to judgments of actions, but also guided perceptions of others’ moral character. Experiments 1 and 2 revealed individual differences in the extent to which people’s moral judgments were shaped by an act’s legal status, with act legality being most influential for participants viewing respect for authority as a moral good. Based on these findings, we forward an account in which individuals use legal judgments as heuristic cues when making moral evaluations.
Computational model reveals two sources of polarity across negative adjectival expressions and quantifiers
Authors: Schlotterbeck Fabian , Ramotowska Sonia , van Maanen Leendert , Szymanik Jakub
Published: August 2024

The polarity effect is one of the most robust effects in linguistics: Negative expressions are processed slower than corresponding positive ones. Decades of research has shown that this effect replicates for different types of negative expressions, however, its magnitude varies depending on the expression type. It has been argued that in addition to polarity, the downward monotonicity increases the cost of processing negative expressions. In this paper, we use computational modeling of data from a sentence-picture verification task to investigate the sources of the polarity effect by contrasting quantifiers ('more than half' vs. 'fewer than half') that differ in polarity and monotonicity with adjectives ('a large proportion' vs. 'a small proportion') that only differ in polarity. We collected reaction times and response data in two web-based sentence-picture verification task experiments. Our reaction time analysis showed a larger polarity effect for quantifiers than adjectives, thus replicating a previously observed non cross-over interaction between polarity and expression type. In order to interpret this interaction with respect to semantic properties of these expressions, we fit scalinDDM, a modified version of the Diffusion Decision Model to the data. We showed that the drift rate and non-decision time parameters were affected by polarity, however, the effect in drift rate was larger for quantifiers than adjectives. This finding suggests there is no exclusive mapping between semantic properties and the model's parameters. Our results show that the computational model can increase transparency in mapping between linguistic properties and dependent variables in an experiment.
Peran Ratu Bagus Kuning dalam Penyebaran Islam di Palembang
Authors: Isnaniah Lu'lu ul Jannah , Hudaidah
Published: August 2024

Islam masuk ke Palembang pada abad ke XVII M,islam masuk ke Palembang di bawa oleh para pedagang Arab yang singgah di Pelabuhan. Berita Arab menunjukan adanya hubungan dengan Nusantara khususnya pada penguasa Sriwijaya, para pedagang menetap sementara di Pelabuhan menunggu angin muson untuk Kembali ke negaranya masing-masing, dengan demikian dikatakan bahwa oedangan muslim yang menyebarkan agama islam di Palembang. Palembang memiliki banyak daerah salah satunya Plaju,islam masuk ke Plaju lewat dakwa dari Ratu Bagus Kuning. Ratu Bagus Kuning merupakan perempuan yang di anggap suc yang enyambung risalah Rasullah. Penelitian ini  bertujuan unutk mengetahui peranan Ratu Bagus Kuning dalam penyebaran islam di Palembang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yakni metode sejarah yang mana dilakukan dengan studi pustaka.
Mengukur Respons Sosial Kemanusiaan dalam Membantu Sesama di Lingkungan Kampus
Authors: Jiskha Jiskha dhita tamia
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini mengilustrasikan pentingnya respons sosial dan kemanusiaan di lingkungan kampus serta usaha untuk mengukur dan memahami tanggapannya. Dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen sosial dan wawancara, penelitian ini mengkaji bagaimana respons mahasiswa terhadap situasi-situasi yang membutuhkan perhatian dan tindakan bantuan di Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (UPI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas mahasiswa menunjukkan empati yang kuat dan secara aktif memberikan tindakan bantuan dalam situasi-situasi tersebut. Ini memperkuat gagasan bahwa kampus dapat menjadi lingkungan yang mendukung untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangan nilai-nilai kemanusiaan sosial Selain itu, penelitian ini memberikan wawasan tentang bagaimana nilai-nilai tersebut dapat diintegrasikan dan ditingkatkan melalui program-program pendidikan di kampus. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini berkontribusi pada pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang dinamika sosial di kalangan mahasiswa.
The use of Oral Anti-Diabetic Medications in Diabetes Mellitus type 1: An Educational Article and Expert Opinion
Authors: Jalal Al-Mosawi Aamir
Published: August 2024

Diabetes mellitus type 1 is lifelong condition resulting from failure of production of insulin because of the loss of pancreatic islet beta-cells because of autoimmune damage. Patients with this type of diabetes need lifelong treatment with insulin to remain alive. Poor diabetic control which predisposes to a variety of complications is not uncommon in patients treated with insulin alone. Therefore, the use of medications that can possibly enhance the therapeutic effect of insulin and reduce the risk of diabetic complications has been considered. Oral anti-diabetics including acarbose, an inhibitor of intestinal α-glucosidase, metformin, a biguanide, sulfonylureas including glipizide, and sitagliptin, an inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) are primarily used for the treatment of non-insulin dependent diabetes (Type 2). The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the use of oral anti-diabetics in the treatment of insulin dependent diabetes (Type 1). Expert opinion: The current evidence-based expert opinion recommends the judicious use of oral anti-diabetics especially acarbose and metformin in the treatment of unsatisfactorily controlled insulin dependent diabetes type 1. These medications can help in improving diabetic control through reducing glucose levels after meals, and can contribute to lowering the levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). The use of these oral anti-diabetics can also help in reducing insulin requirement.
Review On Biological Properties of Suture Materials
Authors: Yohannes Gebremedhin
Published: August 2024

Suture is a general term for all materials used to stitch torn tissues. Surgical sutures are imperative in management of surgical and traumatic wounds. Sutures are primarily used to oppose tissues together to assist and accelerate the recovery process after an incident or surgical operation. In addition, sutures also aid in obliteration of dead space, even distribution of stress on the incision line, and maintenance of adequate tensile strength throughout the critical wound healing process until appropriate tissue strength is achieved. Considering availability of a wide variety of suture materials, it’s important to know the differences between various sutures before making an informed decision. Suture material's overall performance is influenced by its physical qualities, handling features, and biological factors. The aim of this seminar paper is to give highlights on the biological properties of suture materials. Suturing is not simply about closing a wound; it is a skill that requires finesse and can significantly impact the healing process, reduce complications, and even affect long-term results. Suture selection involves the choice of both the appropriate type and size of suture material. Sutures may cause different host reactions in living tissues. While the suture remains in the tissue, it can trigger the inflammation cascade through different pathways such as degradation, a foreign body reaction, an allergic reaction, or abrasion. Natural suture materials such as catgut and silk are more immunogenic than synthetic materials because they are degraded by proteolysis in contrast to synthetic suture materials, which are degraded by hydrolysis. Therefore, surgery professionals should choose a suture material with good tissue acceptance.
Iodine-131 Metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) and NP-59 uptakes in the Rat Normal Tissues: Increase of Cholesterol uptake in Cold-Activated Brown Adipose Tissue
Authors: Wu Sing-yung
Published: August 2024

Objective Aim: NP-59 (I-131-6ß-iodomethyl-19-norcholesterol) and MIBG (I-131-metaiodobenzylguanidine) both are useful to detect tumors. There is a great need to understand their distributions in normal organs and tissues as well as ways to reduce normal uptakes in tumor imaging and/or treatment. Activated Brown Adipose tissue (BAT) has been promising for its role in optimal treatment of obesity and hypercholesterolemia. The study of cholesterol uptake in BAT may have a significant impact in managing hyperlipidemia and protecting from atherosclerosis. Materials and Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250—300 g were used in the study. All animals received 25 µCi of I-131-MIBG or NP-59 by the tail vein and were killed (N = 4 - 6 each) 3, 24 or 48 hours afterwards. For cold stressed animals were kept at 6 – 8 C in a cold room overnight prior to receiving labeled MIBG or NP-59. The animal continued to stay in cold room as compared to room temperature controls. To study the effect of norepinephrine-blocking agent, reserpine (4 mg/kg, IP) was given to rats 4 hours prior to I-131-MIBG infusion. Organs were immediately dissected. Radioactivity was counted and tissue concentrations were expressed as percent kilogram (body weight) dose per gram of tissue (% Kg dose/g). Findings: Higher uptakes of I-131-MIBG were observed in organs rich in sympathetic innervation [BAT (brown adipose tissue), heart and spleen] as compared to liver and muscle. Reserpine reduced uptakes in BAT, heart, adrenals and spleen but not in liver in room temperature controls. BAT, but not in other organs, showed a paradoxical increase in reserpine-treated animal kept in cold room as compared to room temperature controls. NP-59 showed a near 6 folds increase in adrenals from 30 minutes to 48 hours and unchanged in cold stressed animals. The only tissue showed significant increases in NP-59 uptake under cold stress was BAT from 1.84 folds at 30 minutes to 1.44 folds at 48 hours (p<0.05 as compared to room temperature controls). Conclusions: The uptake of MIBG is reduced in organs rich in sympathetic innervation under cold stress, but this reduction is partially blocked by reserpine. Findings may help to improve the efficacy of MIBG as a theragnostic agent. A noteworthy finding is the significant increase in NP-59, a cholesterol analog, in cold-activated BAT. This novel observation could serve as a valuable tool for studying the role of activated BAT in the overall cholesterol metabolism in humans. Furthermore, it presents a potent therapeutic avenue for mitigating hyperlipidemia and providing protection against atherosclerosis.
Survodutide, a promising agent with novel mechanism of action for treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes
Authors: Mikhail Nasser
Published: August 2024

Activation of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) and glucagon receptor (GCGR) may result in synergistic effects on glycemic control and weight reduction. Survodutide is a dual agonist of GLP-1R and GCGR under development for treatment of type 2 diabetes, obesity and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). In a phase 2 trial of 16-week duration including patients with type 2 diabetes, subcutaneous survodutide given once weekly reduced glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels by 1.5% versus placebo, which was comparable to the reduction achieved by semaglutide (1.0 mg/w). In another phase 2 trial of obese subjects without diabetes, percent weight loss with the highest dose of survodutide was 12.1% versus placebo and did not reach a plateau up to the end of follow-up at 46 weeks. Use of survodutide was associated with significant reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure and plasma triglycerides. The most common adverse effects of survodutide were gastrointestinal (GI) disorders reported by 55% of patients (versus 22% with placebo) in the diabetes trial and by 75% (versus 42% with placebo) in the obesity trial. Drug discontinuation rates were 16-25% with survodutide, 4% with semaglutide and 4-5% with placebo. Results of a phase 2 trial including patients with NASH are pending. The major limitation of survodutide is suboptimal tolerability due to GI adverse effects attributed in part to rapid dose escalation. Overall, survodutide is a promising candidate drug with a novel mechanism of action for treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity. Phase 3 clinical trials, with slower dose titration of survodutide should clarify its efficacy and safety in a broader population of patients with type 2 diabetes, obesity and NASH.
Kelimpahan Kuda Laut serta Hubungannya dengan Kerapatan Sargassum sp. dan Kelimpahan Copepoda di Perairan Desa Sebong Pereh, Kabupaten Bintan
Authors: Maulidina Azzahra , Alsha Syahbana Adavani , Billa Nur Salsa , Ompsunggu Putri Juniaty Br , Kurnianto Alief , Apriadi Tri
Published: August 2024

Penelitian mengenai deteksi keberadaan Hippocampus sp. melalui Sargassum sp. dan Copepoda telah dilaksanakan di Perairan Desa Sebong Pereh. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat hubungan keberadaan Hippocampus sp. melalui Sargassum sp. dan Copepoda di Perairan Desa Sebong Pereh. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Purposive Sampling dengan bantuan software QGIS (Quantum GIS) sebanyak 2 stasiun dan 3 kali pengulangan. Untuk pengambilan Copepoda menggunakan Planktonnet dengan cara statis sebanyak 100L. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa keberadaan kuda laut berhubungan erat dengan kelimpahan Sargassum sp., dan juga dengan copepoda. Dimana Sargassum sp. sendiri merupakan habitat dari keberadaan kuda laut lah tersebut menjadi alasan apabila Sargassum sp. dalam kondisi baik maka akan ada kuda laut yang berhabitat disana. Copepoda sebagai makanannya juga sangatlah berpengaruh dimana apabila kelimpahan copepoda banyak maka kuda laut akan berhabitat dimana terdapat makanannya. Hasil pengukuran secara keseluruhan kualitas perairan pada 2 lokasi penelitian dapat dikatakan baik karena sesuai Baku Mutu Air Laut Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia No.22 Tahun 2021 Tentang Penyelenggaraan Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup.
Kajian Penggunaan Lahan dan Kondisi Topografi di Sub DAS Karang Mumus, Kota Samarinda
Authors: Mislan Mislan , Khoirunisa Nanda , Rahmiati Rahmiati , Djayus Djayus , Supriyanto Supriyanto
Published: August 2024

Kualitas Sungai Karang Mumus yang menjadi sumber keberlangsungan hidup penduduk Kota Samarinda semakin menurun. Pengalihfungsian lahan dan peningkatan pembangunan menjadi faktor utama berubahnya kondisi fisik Sungai Karang Mumus. Penelitian ini betujuan untuk menganalisis perubahan penggunaan lahan dan kondisi topografi di Sub Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Karang Mumus. Pengidentifikasian perubahan tutupan lahan menggunakan metode supervised classification pada citra Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS pada Tahun 2018 dan Tahun 2020. Wilayah Sub DAS Karang Mumus memiliki variasi ketinggian 0 hingga 255 mdpl dengan mayoritas keadan kontur landai dan datar. Secara geologis, Formasi Aluvium, Formasi Balikpapan, Formasi Kampung Baru, dan Formasi Pulau Balang mendominasi di wilayah penelitian dengan lapisan batu pasir kuarsa yang saling beririsan dan kandungan batu bara yang tersisip pada semua formasi kecuali pada Formasi Aluvium. Tanah jenis podsolik merah kuning menjadi yang paling dominan dan rentan terhadap erosi. Analisis menunjukkan bahwa beberapa penggunaan lahan yang mengalami peningkatan adalah semak/belukar, hutan tanaman, dan pertanian lahan kering yang dicampur dengan semak. Sedangkan, penggunaan lahan untuk sawah, pertambangan, lahan terbuka, dan perkebunan mengalami penurunan. Perubahan ini mempengaruhi koefisien aliran limpasan dan kapasitas resapan air di Sub DAS Karang Mumus, meningkatkan potensi bencana banjir. Reboisasi (afforestation dan reforestation) diidentifikasi sebagai solusi untuk melestarikan daerah aliran sungai tersebut.
Analisis Kesesuaian Budidaya Rumput Laut Kapphapycus alvarezii di Kecamatan Moro dan Sugi Besar Kabupaten Karimun
Authors: Faisal La Ode M , Muzahar Muzahar , Zulfikar Andi , Ismail Khodijah
Published: August 2024

Provinsi Kepulauan Riau (Kepri) memiliki garis pantai yang meluas hingga mencapai 8.561,33 kilometer, memberikan potensi besar dalam sumber daya kelautan dan perikanan, terutama di sektor maritim. Salah satu komoditas pangan off farm yang menjanjikan untuk dikembangkan adalah rumput laut. Budidaya rumput laut menjadi peluang penghidupan berkelanjutan bagi 3,28% buruh dan nelayan di Kepri. Kabupaten Karimun telah mengembangkan industri pengolahan rumput laut dalam skala kecil khususnya jenis Kappaphycus alvarezii. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menganalisis kesesuaian budidaya rumput laut Kapphapycus alvarezii di Kecamatan Moro dan Sugi Besar Kabupaten Karimun. Analisis kesesuaian menggunakan Pendekatan spasial dan Sistem Informasi Geografis (GIS) menggunakan metode Multi Criteria Analysis (MCA). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa hanya tujuh parameter dengan gradien skor yang memiliki signifikansi dalam area kajian. Dua parameter utama, yaitu DO dan salinitas, menunjukkan tingkat kesesuaian yang tinggi, berdasarkan kriteria yang ditetapkan. Kendala terbesar terletak pada tinggi gelombang dan posfat yang memiliki skor kurang sesuai, serta TSS yang tidak sesuai. Tingginya kekeruhan (TSS) di lokasi penelitian disebabkan oleh kedekatan dengan daratan Sumatera yang memiliki sungai-sungai besar. Kesesuaian juga didukung dengan kondisi eksisting lokasi, dukungan pemerintah dan sosial ekonomi masyarakat lokal. Karena itu pengembangan budidaya rumput laut yang efektif dan efisien dan berkelanjutan layak dipertimbangkan.
Do ut des, czyli rzecz o darze w kontaktach wielkich mistrzów krzyżackich z Władysławem Jagiełłą i z Witoldem
Authors: Radoch Marek
Published: August 2024

Z zachowanych źródeł wynikał, że Jagiełło i Witold obdarowywani byli najczęściej przez wielkich mistrzów między 1399 r. a początkiem 1409 r., podczas największej zasobności skarbca krzyżackiego. Wydaje się też, że wielki książę litewski nieco więcej dostał prezentów od zwierzchników Zakonu niż król Polski. Co zastanawiające, podarki najczęściej otrzymywał Witold w latach 1399–1400i 1405–1409, czyli w okresie krzyżackiego władania Żmudzią. Szczególne miejsce wśród krążących między wielkimi mistrzami krzyżackimi a Władysławem Jagiełłą i Witoldem przesyłkami zajmowały różnego rodzaju zwierzęta. „Żywymi darami” były najczęściej zwierzęta używane do polowań. Przez całe średniowiecze łowy były podstawową rozrywką, a nierzadko i życiową pasją monarchów (tutaj szczególnie Władysława Jagiełły). Najczęstszym darem były więc „pierzaste cacka”. Wielcy mistrzowie słali Jagielle sokoły. Podarek myśliwski z 1409 r. miał być najdroższy, jaki jednorazowo miał otrzymać Władysław Jagiełło. Sokoły przesyłał też Witold wielkim mistrzom. Obok zwierząt łowczych wysoko ceniono jako dary również mięso, skóry i futra uzyskiwane podczas polowań. Władysław Jagiełło przesyłał wielkim mistrzom dziczyznę oraz szuby ze skór sobolich. Również Witold Konradowi von Jungingen podarował sobole futra i szuby. Jeśli chodzi zaś o zwierzęta, mające stanowić przedmiot zachwytu i podziwu (zaliczane do „kuriozum”), to Władysław Jagiełło podarował Konradowi von Jungingen żubra, a wielki mistrz Paweł von Rusdorf otrzymał od króla Polski dwa wielbłądy. Z kolei Witold od Ulryka von Jungingen dostał lwa. O inną osobliwość, o którą zabiegali wielcy mistrzowie, były karły, które przesyłał w darze Witold wielkiemu mistrzowi, natomiast wielki mistrz Paweł von Rusdorf posłał wielkiemu księciu litewskiemu błazna zwanego Henne. Podarkami były też ryby. Jesiotrami obdarowany został Jagiełło przez Krzyżaków, a śledziami – Witold. Z kolei Witold, jak i zaraz potem Anna, żona Witolda, rewanżowali się Ulrykowi von Jungingen bieługą. Zwierzchnicy Zakonu słali też Witoldowi dobre ogiery. Wielki książę litewski rewanżował się końmi z nałożonymi ruskimi siodłami. Wielcy mistrzowie odwdzięczali się z kolei winem, pucharami, naczyniami, nożami, hełmami, suknem i innymi cennymi przedmiotami.
Simulación clínica en pediatría: percepciones de docentes y estudiantes en una Universidad paraguaya. Un estudio cualitativo
Authors: Duarte Caballero Marta Beatriz , Ríos González Carlos Miguel , González Eduardo , Villalba Juan Carlos , Jiménez Hassel Jimmy
Published: August 2024

Introducción: La simulación clínica permite desarrollar competencias en un ambiente realista y seguro. Se analizaron las percepciones de estudiantes y docentes tras implementar escenarios simulados en Pediatría III de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción.
Metodología: Investigación cualitativa-descriptiva. Grupos focales con estudiantes y entrevistas a docentes, indagando sobre planificación, gestión, aprendizajes y expectativas. Análisis temático de contenido.
Resultados: La experiencia fue valorada positivamente. Los alumnos refirieron adquisición de competencias para manejo de urgencias. Los docentes basaron escenarios en casos prevalentes. El debriefing fue desafiante. Se consideró que mejora la enseñanza y la seguridad del paciente.
Conclusiones: La simulación fue percibida favorablemente, contribuyendo al desarrollo de competencias en entorno controlado. Se requiere compromiso institucional para incorporarla al currículo.
Pubertad precoz en niñas en un hospital de referencia
Authors: Martínez Susana , Blanco Fabiola , Galeano Lizie , Jimmy Jimenez Hassel , Morel Zoilo
Published: August 2024

Introducción: La pubertad precoz se define como la aparición progresiva de signos puberales a una edad por debajo de 2,5 desviaciones estándar (DE) de la media para una población determinada. Se carece a nivel nacional de estudios epidemiológicos sobre esta afección.
Objetivo: Determinar las características de la pubertad precoz para evaluar la edad de inicio de las características sexuales secundarias en una población de niñas menores de 8 años.
Materiales y Métodos: El presente estudio es de tipo observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo, de corte transversal. La población incluyó niñas menores de 8 años, que consultaron en un hospital de referencia, durante el periodo de enero de 2017 a diciembre de 2021.  Como variables se analizó la edad al inicio de los síntomas, edad a la consulta, escolaridad, procedencia, motivo de consulta, signos y síntomas, cambios en edad ósea, respuesta positiva a la prueba con GnRH y asociación etiológica con cambios hallados en la RMN cerebral y ecografía pélvica; así como el abordaje terapéutico.
Resultados: Ingresaron al estudio 48 pacientes de sexo femenino, menores de 8 años de edad. El inicio de los síntomas se presentó en promedio a los 5,4 +/- 2,27 años, siendo la edad de 6-7 años el 31,3% del total de pacientes. El diagnóstico predominante fue el de una pubertad precoz central y de las pruebas de estímulo con GnRH, el 68,8% resultaron positivas.
Conclusión: La edad promedio de inicio del desarrollo puberal en este grupo de niñas fue 5 años, adelantado en relación a la literatura clásica, con etiología no conocida en la mayoría de los casos.
Effects of Different Resistance Training Methods on Agility Performance of Male Athletes
Authors: Shah Muhammad , Khan Marwat Mohibullah
Published: August 2024

Strength and conditioning coaches frequently concentrate on developing athletes' force capability,essential for agility. Agility is a multifaceted quality that includes reflexes, strength, endurance, balance, coordination, speed, and the capacity to accelerate and decelerate. This study compares resistance band training versus resistance training using dumbbells on the agility performance of male track and field athletes. A randomized controlled trial design was used, having n=60 in three groups, i.e. one control and two experimental groups. The participants' agility performance was measured using the Quick Feet test.Both the resistance band group and the dumbbells group had a substantial increase in agility (p < 0.001) from the pre-test (3.45 ± 0.23) to the post-test (3.08 ± 0.24) (p = 0.009). The results validate the effectiveness of resistance training in improving male athletes' agility performance. Coaches should incorporate resistance training into their programs to develop athletic performance.
Risk factors for neurosurgical intervention within 48 hours of admission for patients with mild traumatic brain injury and isolated subdural hematoma
Authors: Orlando Alessandro , Panchal Ripul R. , Mellor Lane , Dhakal Laxmi , Hamilton David , Quan Glenda , Backen Timbre , Gordon Jeffrey , Palacio Carlos H. , Kerby Justin , Berg Gina M. , Levy Andrew Stewart , Rubin Benjamin , Coresh Josef , Bar-Or David
Published: August 2024

OBJECTIVE

The objective was to identify demographic, clinical, and radiographic risk factors for neurosurgical intervention within 48 hours of admission in patients with mild traumatic brain injury and isolated subdural hematoma.

METHODS

The authors conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study of all trauma patients admitted to 6 level I/II trauma centers who met the following criteria: admitted between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2020, age ≥ 18 years, ICD-10 diagnosis code for isolated subdural hematoma, available initial head imaging, initial Glasgow Coma Scale score of 13–15, and arrival at the hospital within 48 hours of injury. Patients were excluded for skull fracture, non–subdural hematoma, and absence of neurosurgical consultation. The study outcome was neurosurgical intervention within 48 hours of hospital admission. Multivariable logistic regression with backward selection examined 30 demographic, clinical, and radiographic risk factors for neurosurgery.

RESULTS

In total, 1333 patients were included, of whom 117 (8.8%) received a neurosurgical intervention. When only demographic and clinical variables were considered, sex, mechanism of injury, and hours from injury to initial head imaging were significant covariates (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUROC] [95% CI] 0.70 [0.65–0.75]). When only radiographic risk factors were considered, only maximum hemorrhage thickness (in mm) and midline shift (in mm) were independent risk factors for the outcome (AUROC 0.95 [0.92–0.97]). When all demographic, clinical, and radiographic variables were considered together, advanced directive, Injury Severity Score, midline shift, and maximum hemorrhage thickness were identified as significant risk factors for neurosurgical intervention within 48 hours of hospital admission (AUROC 0.95 [0.94–0.97]).

CONCLUSIONS

In the setting of mild traumatic brain injury with isolated subdural hematoma, radiographic risk factors were shown to be stronger than demographic and clinical variables in understanding future risk of neurosurgical intervention. These final radiographic risk factors should be considered in the creation of future prediction models and used to increase the efficiency of existing management guidelines.
Role of aneurysmal hemodynamic changes in pathogenesis of headaches associated with unruptured cerebral aneurysms
Authors: Kliś Kornelia M. , Cierniak Antoni , Kwinta Borys M. , Stachura Krzysztof , Popiela Tadeusz J. , Szydłowski Igor , Łasocha Bartłomiej , Gąsowski Jerzy , Krzyżewski Roger
Published: August 2024

OBJECTIVE

One symptom commonly associated with the presence of unruptured intracranial aneurysms is headache. In this study, the authors aimed to analyze factors associated with headaches among patients with intracranial aneurysms, with special consideration of hemodynamic parameters.

METHODS

The authors prospectively included 96 patients with 122 unruptured intracranial aneurysms. The authors obtained detailed medical history including current diseases and medications, as well as blood pressure values taken during hospitalization from the patients’ medical records. The short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire was administered to each patient at admission and 3–6 months after the procedure to assess type and severity of headache. Based on imaging data, the authors obtained 3D reconstruction of each patients’ aneurysm dome with feeding artery. The authors performed computational fluid dynamics analysis of blood flow through prepared models using OpenFOAM. Blood was modeled as Newtonian fluid, using the incompressible transient solver. Patient-specific internal carotid artery (ICA) blood velocity waves obtained with Doppler ultrasound were set as inlet boundary conditions. After performing simulation, the authors calculated the hemodynamic parameters of the aneurysm dome.

RESULTS

A total of 30 patients (31.25%) reported having headaches. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, female sex (OR 2.81, 95% CI 2.51–4.86; p < 0.01), ICA aneurysm location (OR 7.93, 95% CI 5.51–8.52; p < 0.01), multiple aneurysms (OR 6.05, 95% CI 1.83–11.83; p = 0.02), mean dome blood velocity (OR 3.10, 95% CI 2.01–3.30; p < 0.01) and time-averaged wall shear stress (OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.47–2.72; p = 0.04) were independently associated with the presence of headache. Additionally, 17 patients (56.67%) reported complete relief of symptoms after the procedure. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, the mean blood flow in the ICA was independently associated with complete resolution of headaches after aneurysm treatment (OR 2.32, 95% CI 1.57–3.28; p < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS

Hemodynamic parameters of intracranial aneurysms might be associated with headaches and their relief after aneurysm treatment.
Efficacy of high-resolution vessel wall MRI in the postoperative assessment of intracranial aneurysms following flow diversion treatment
Authors: Matsukawa So , Ishii Akira , Fushimi Yasutaka , Grinstead John , Ahn Sinyeob , Kikuchi Takayuki , Yamada Hiroki , Okawa Masakazu , Yamao Yukihiro , Abekura Yu , Sasaki Natsuhi , Tsuji Hirofumi , Akiyama Ryo , Arakawa Yoshiki
Published: August 2024

OBJECTIVE

Certain patients must undergo frequent postoperative digital subtraction angiography (DSA) after flow diversion (FD) therapy. No imaging modality with an efficacy comparable to that of DSA has been established. This study was conducted to determine the efficacy of contrast-enhanced delay alternating with nutation for tailored excitation (DANTE) T1–sampling perfection with application-optimized contrasts by using different flip angle evolution (SPACE), a high-resolution vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging technique for evaluating the occlusion status of intracranial aneurysms after FD treatment, with DSA serving as the reference standard.

METHODS

This retrospective study included 23 patients with 26 aneurysms who had undergone FD treatment between April 2016 and May 2022. Contrast-enhanced DANTE T1-SPACE and DSA were performed as postoperative follow-up imaging studies at 45 time points, both in the same period. The agreement rates for aneurysm occlusion status in the 45 imaging studies were examined.

RESULTS

Contrast-enhanced DANTE T1-SPACE had a sensitivity and specificity of 96.3% (26/27) and 83.3% (15/18), respectively, for detecting aneurysm remnants. Overall, 91.1% (41/45) of findings detected on contrast-enhanced DANTE T1-SPACE were consistent with those on DSA. The findings detected on contrast-enhanced DANTE T1-SPACE were completely consistent with those of intraaneurysmal residual blood flow identified on DSA or high-resolution cone-beam computed tomography images in 74.1% (20/27) of the examinations that showed incomplete occlusion on DSA. Furthermore, parent artery status after FD treatment on contrast-enhanced DANTE T1-SPACE was consistent with that observed on DSA in 97.8% (44/45) of examinations.

CONCLUSIONS

Contrast-enhanced DANTE T1-SPACE is a very useful option in the follow-up of aneurysms after FD treatment.
Management and outcomes of foramen magnum stenosis in children with achondroplasia at a single center over 15 years
Authors: Sandvik Ulrika , Ringvall Edvin , Klangemo Katrin , Hallgrimsdottir Sigrun , Gkourogianni Alexandra , Ottosson Lars , Svoboda Jan , Nilsson Ola
Published: August 2024

OBJECTIVE

Achondroplasia is associated with foramen magnum stenosis (FMS), which can lead to sudden unexpected death in infants. There is no wide consensus regarding the best management of FMS. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of FMS in a cohort of children with achondroplasia and to evaluate screening and neurosurgical interventions of FMS regarding its effects and complications.

METHODS

The authors conducted a retrospective cohort study including all children with achondroplasia assessed or treated at Karolinska University Hospital between September 2005 and June 2020. The severity of FMS was graded using the MRI Achondroplasia Foramen Magnum Score (AFMS). The AFMS was correlated with neurological examinations and polysomnography (PSG) results.

RESULTS

Severe FMS (AFMS 3–4) was present in 35% of the 51 children included in the study. As many as 65% of the children in the cohort underwent foramen magnum decompression (FMD). Neurological examination had a high specificity (94%) but a low sensitivity (28%) for severe FMS. Signs of central apnea on PSG did not correlate with severity of FMS (p = 0.735). Surgery improved FMS (p < 0.001) with a nonsignificant trend of decreased central apnea (p = 0.070), but carried a 9% risk of severe surgery- and anesthesia-related complications.

CONCLUSIONS

This study confirmed previous reports that severe FMS is common in children with achondroplasia, that neurological symptoms may be absent even in severe FMS, and that FMD improves FMS and may improve central apnea. The finding that neurological examination had a low sensitivity for severe FMS supports the recommendation that all children with achondroplasia should undergo early MRI.
Perbandingan Potensi Medication Error Pada Rawat Inap dan Rawat Jalan di Rumah Sakit Umum Ganesha Gianyar
Authors: Jaya I Wayan Mahendra , Maharianingsih Ni Made , Reganata Gde Palguna , Widowati I Gusti Ayu Rai
Published: August 2024

Medication error adalah kesalahan pengobatan yang dapat dicegah yang menyebabkan pemakaian obat yang tidak sesuai atau membahayakan pasien. Medication error dapat terjadi pada 4 fase yaitu prescribing, transcribing, dispensing dan administration. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan potensi kejadian medication error pada rawat inap dan rawat jalan di rumah sakit. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasional analitik dengan rancangan penelitian cross-sectional, yang dilakukan pada bulan April 2023. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 50 resep pasien rawat inap, 50 resep pasien rawat jalan. Penilaian potensi medication error pada fase prescribing sebanyak 14 parameter, fase transcribing sebanyak 8 parameter, fase dispensing sebanyak 6 parameter dan fase administration sebanyak 5 parameter. Kejadian medication error pada prescribing yang terjadi paling banyak pada rawat inap dan rawat jalan yaitu tidak ada berat badan pasien (100%), fase transcribing yang terjadi paling banyak yaitu tidak jelas bentuk sediaan, pada rawat inap sebanyak (40%), dan pada rawat jalan sebanyak (42%), pada fase dispensing dan administration tidak ditemukan medication error. Perbandingan medication error rawat inap dan rawat jalan mendapatkan hasil pada fase prescribing (P=0,000), fase transcribing (P=0,961), fase dispensing (P=1.000), dan fase administration (P=1.000). Simpulan penelitian yaitu adanya perbedaan yang signifikan potensi medication error antara pasien rawat inap dan pasien rawat jalan pada fase prescribing, dimana potensi lebih banyak terjadi di rawat inap. Sehingga diperlukan perbaikan medication error dengan cara melakukan penambahan tenaga kerja dan pengetahuan kefarmasian di Instalasi Farmasi, hal ini dilakukan agar dapat mengurangi potensi kejadian medication error di RSU Ganesha Gianyar.
Pengaruh Variasi HPMC dan Carbopol pada Formulasi Sedian Gel Ekstrak Daun Namnam (Cynometra cauliflora L.) terhadap Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
Authors: Anliza Syarah , Hamtini Hamtini , Rachmawati Nurmeily
Published: August 2024

Antiseptic gel is a hand sanitizer that is useful for cleaning or eliminating germs on hands. One of the most important thing in antiseptic is antibacteria substances that had potential to destroy germs. Namnam leaves are an alternative for making antiseptic gel because they contain alkaloids and flavonoids. Making gel requires gel-forming materials such as HPMC and Carbopol. The aim of this research is to test the effect of gelling agents HPMC and Carbopol on namnam leaves extract as a gel sanitizer preparation and its ability to fight Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria which is a to interfere human health because it causes various infections that are difficult to treat. This research uses the maceration method in the extraction process, disc diffusion in the bacterial inhibition test, pH test, spreadability test, and homogeneity test on the gel sanitizer preparation. The conclusion of this research is that the gelling agent HPMC has the greatest active ability compared to Carbopol which is characterized by an inhibitory power of 14 mm at a variation of 0.25 grams. Increasing variations in HPMC and Carbopol will increase viscosity and reduce spreadability and inhibitory power against bacteria.