bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Big data and innovative bioinformatics approaches in personalized genomic medicine
Authors: Veltman Joris A.
Published: December 2021

The field of human genetics has been radically changed by the introduction of massive parallel sequencing, also called next generation sequencing, approaches. Instead of studying a single gene or a few genetic variants, nowadays we can study genetic variation present in all genes and even throughout the entire human genome. For the first time in history, we can really study what makes us unique and use that to explain differences in for example disease susceptibility or response to treatment. In rare disease, genetics research is essential to identify the molecular diagnosis that provides the basis for a personalized patient management approach. It allows for more precise answers about the underlying cause and family recurrence risk, but also aids in optimizing treatment plans aimed at reducing co-morbidities and providing information about potential drugs or participation in drug trials, with an increasing number focused on gene therapy. These high-throughput sequencing technologies generate enormous amounts of data in order to assemble a genome and identify all of the variation present at different levels, from single nucleotide variations to chromosomal abnormalities. In addition, a genome sequence of a person in itself is not very useful. Value is derived from annotation of all the variation, and integration of the genome sequence with information about the patient involved (clinical information, disease-specific information, family history) as well as biological information (gene as well as variant-specific information, including population variation frequency, pathogenicity predictions, gene-expression information, etc). In this presentation, I will give an overview of the impact of genomics on the diagnosis of patients with rare developmental disorders and fertility disorders. I will highlight the importance of innovative bioinformatics approaches to detect and interpret genetic variation in a clinical context. Also, I will highlight some of the challenges that individual research and diagnostics units face in dealing with the data generated, discuss some of the ethical/privacy issues related to these approaches and discuss some of the latest genomics technologies being developed and validated.
Translational Bioinformatics of HIV Peptide 2.0: From Dry To Wet Bench
Authors: Nugrahapraja Husna , Fauzi Alidza , Adi Sadewa Alfonsus , Fibriani Azzania , Giri-Rachman Ernawati A.
Published: December 2021

Infectious diseases have become part of human civilization as a constant phenomenon throughout time. The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus that can cause immune system weakness by attacking cells that have CD4 receptors and CCR5 or CXCR4 chemokine coreceptors, namely helper T cells macrophages and dendritic cells. Therefore, people infected with this virus will be vulnerable to opportunistic infections and cancer. Here we proposed the translational bioinformatics approach from dry to wet bench. From proof of concept to the applications will be highlighted and discussed further in diagnostic of HIV and vaccine candidate development based on reverse vaccinology approach. We performed sequence data analysis to find the best epitope for HIV strains in Indonesia and compatible with the MHC class 1, the linear core with MHC class 2, and the B cell epitope. Epitope compatible with the two cells is expected to have high immunogenicity and potentially produce a response to good T memory. The epitope was then tested using an indirect ELISA against the serum of HIV positive patients. In this study, a negative control is used in blood serum from healthy individuals originating from Stored Biological Material and carried out with a commercial ELISA kit for the negative controls. The epitope in PBS buffer solution was coated to a microplate with an incubation time of 16 hours and various concentrations. As a result, the epitope from the concentration range of 1-2500 ng epitope/well can be recognized by HIV patient antibodies. In summary, the epitope from the in silico prediction had antigenicity against anti-HIV antibodies in sera samples and could also be a promising candidate for the vaccine.
Discovery of novel bioactive natural products from Streptomyces driven by a bottom-up approach
Authors: Widada Jaka
Published: December 2021

Streptomyces strains are a very potential source for bioactive natural products of great interest in the pharmaceutical industry such as antibiotics, anticancer chemotherapy, immunosuppressants, etc. About two thirds of all known antibiotics are produced by actinomycetes, mostly by Streptomyces. However, in recent years, the chances of discovering new and bioactive natural products from Streptomyces have decreased significantly. In general, the selection of antibioticproducing Streptomyces was done by using an antagonist to test a number of microbial pathogens so that only strains that had the inhibitory ability were forwarded for further investigation, while strains that did not have the ability were discarded. For our research group, it is also interesting to explore furtherStreptomyces strains that do not produce antifungal compounds in producing new bioactive natural products such as anticancer and anti-inflammatory. Our hypothesis is that the bioactive natural products produced from this strain will be safe if the compound is developed as a drug, because of its low cytotoxicity to non-target cells. The bottom-up approach through genome sequencing has provided access to a large number of BGC bioactive natural products embedded in the Streptomyces genome. In addition, metabolomics studies provide a portfolio of the entire metabolite producedfrom the strain of interest. Therefore, in this presentation, we will present a bottomup approach to accelerate the discovery of bioactive natural products especially anticancer from Streptomyces sp. GMY01 isolated from the sediments of the southerncoast of Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta by combining genomic mining and metabolomic approaches.
Risk Factors of Non-Communicable Diseases in a Frontier, Outermost, and Least Developed (3T) Archipelagic Region of Indonesia: a Community Study
Authors: Putri Leksono Tiara , Ratri Prabandari Hidayat Auliana , Silvano Fitrawan , Lazuardi Lutfan
Published: December 2021

Health is a universal right for all mankind, including those living in Indonesia’s Frontier, Outermost, and Least Developed areas also known as 3T Regions. Ilngei and Kabiarat Villages, which were the locations of our community study, are one of the villages belong to such regions of Western Southeast Maluku Regency—or Tanimbar Islands. In addition to difficulty of achieving equitable health workers and facilities distribution, indigenous people have also been found to live some unhealthy lifestyles including routine consumption of local made alcohol beverages known as sopi and smoking habits. This situation could be a risk factor for non-communicable diseases (NCD) such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), and high blood cholesterol. Therefore, our KKN-PPM UGM team conducted a community service activity in form of a free health check-up. This activity was aimed to screen health conditions particularly exploring NCDs risk factors, increase public awareness of health, and provide a reference for further health interventions and researches in this area. This research is an observational descriptive study, with primary data obtained during health check-up. The health check-up was carried out separately in two villages respectively on January 18th and 25th, 2020. Participants were recruited with purposive sampling, through invitation determined by the team. We used a digital blood pressure monitor to measure blood pressure and automatic skin-prick test device to measure capillary random blood sugar and total cholesterol level. Out of 102 participants, those classified as pre-hypertension were 33 people (32.35%), stage I hypertension were 22 people (21.56%), stage II hypertension were 32 people (31.37%), uncertain DM were 55 people (57.89%), DM were 4 people (4.21%), borderline high total cholesterol level were 13 people (20.31%), and high total cholesterol level was 1 person (1.56%). Overall, the majority of participants had blood pressure and blood sugar level above the normal range. This kind of activity should be made on a regular basis to reach more number of participants and more detail information regarding NCDs risk factors.
The safety behavior on the health screening system during pandemic COVID-19 in the university setting
Authors: Fikri Nur Fahmi Muhammad , Nirwati Hera , Supriyati Supriyati
Published: December 2021

Background: Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) had been creating health screening system as health promoting university (HPU) program. The Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) was improve the potentially risk among health screening system officer. This study was aimed to explore the safety behavior of the health screening system officer during pandemic in UGM. Method: Qualitative study had been done in UGM Yogyakarta. This study was carried out in April – June 2021. In-depth interview and observation had performed to collect data. The research subject were health screening system officer and the leader of HPU in the faculty setting. Data was analyzed by using Open Code 4.02 software. Trust-worthiness was carried out by using triangulation and peer debriefing. Result: Five of 18 faculties had applied health screening system structurally. The infrastructure, officers’ recruitment system, and activities were varied among faculty. During the pandemic, officer should be involved in the preventing and controlling COVID-19 in their faculty. Meanwhile, the health screening system had been conducting in different setting by considering the safety principles. In addition, officers expressed their need to improve their capacity for conducting regular activities. Conclusion: The health screening system activities during pandemic in UGM was considering safety principles.
Development of CAD System for Automatic Lung Nodule Detection: A Review
Authors: Sari Sekar , Soesanti Indah , Setiawan Noor Akhmad
Published: December 2021

Lung cancer is a type of cancer that spreads rapidly and is the leading cause of mortality globally. The Computer-Aided Detection (CAD) system for automatic lung cancer detection has a significant influence on human survival. In this article, we report the summary of relevant literature on CAD systems for lung cancer detection. The CAD system includes preprocessing techniques, segmentation, lung nodule detection, and false-positive reduction with feature extraction. In evaluating some of the work on this topic, we used a search of selected literature, the dataset used for method validation, the number of cases, the image size, several techniques in nodule detection, feature extraction, sensitivity, and false-positive rates. The best performance CAD systems of our analysis results show the sensitivity value is high with low false positives and other parameters for lung nodule detection. Furthermore, it also uses a large dataset, so the further systems have improved accuracy and precision in detection. CNN is the best lung nodule detection method and need to develop, it is preferable because this method has witnessed various growth in recent years and has yielded impressive outcomes. We hope this article will help professional researchers and radiologists in developing CAD systems for lung cancer detection.
Studies on the Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Potentials of the Peel Extract of Dacryodes rostrata
Authors: Widyanto Rahma Micho , Safira Lulu , Sofian Nur Faadiyah , Mardhiyati Syifa Aulia , Pradiptasari Primaridiana , Dini Cleonara Yanuar , Proborini Wahyu Diah
Published: December 2021

Breast cancer is one type of cancer that causes the highest death in women in Indonesia. Alternative herbal-based cancer treatments have been developed, one of which is using fruits. Dacryodes rostrata, a fruit commonly consumed by residents in Kalimantan, is rich in antioxidants such as flavonoids and phenolics. The purpose of this study was to determine the value of antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of water and ethanol extract of D. rostrata peel against T-47D breast cancer cell lines. The fruit extraction was carried out by using maceration method. Antioxidant activity test using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and cytotoxic test using MTT method (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenitetrazolium bromide) assay. The results showed that D. rostrata water and ethanol extract had antioxidant activity with IC50values 121.7 ppm and 59.27 ppm, respectively. While cytotoxic effect on T-47D cells with IC50 values of 322.55 ppm and 143.02 ppm, respectively. This study showed that D. rostrata peel water extract had moderate antioxidant activity and moderate cytotoxic effect against T-47D breast cancer cells in vitro which could be used as a chemo preventive to prevent and inhibit cancer cell growth.
The Effect of Hibiscus Flower Extract (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.) on the Growth of Streptococcus sanguinis Bacteria
Authors: Dwi Farasayu Ranty , Winnie Rachmawati Mayu , Dewi Ana Ika , Syaify Ahmad , Listyarifah Dyah
Published: December 2021

According to the data of Global Burden Disease in 2016, periodontal disease is the 11th disease suffered by 750,487 people worldwide. Gingivitis occurs due to dental plaque formation. A half of bacterial plaque populations are Streptococcus sp. Streptococcus sanguinis is a predominant bacterial that initiates plaque formation. The adherence of this bacteria is mediated by fimbriae, pilus protein, lipoprotein, and glucosyltransferase enzymes. Hibiscus flower has a potential as an antimicrobial agent that may inhibit plaque formation due its active component i.e. flavonoid, tannins, and saponin. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. flower extract concentration on the growth of Streptococcus sanguinis. Wells diffusion method was used in this study, using 100 μl bacterial suspension of 1,5 x 108 CFU/ml of bacteria. Hibiscus flower extract (2%, 4%, 6%), chlorhexidine 0,12% as a positive control, and distilled water as a negative control were added in the agar wells. The results showed that all concentrations (2 %, 4%, 6 %) of Hibiscus flower extract higher significantly compared to negative control. The concentration of 4% and 6% are higher ;significantly compared to positive control. The largest inhibitory zone was at a concentration of 6% (6,35±0,09 mm) and the smallest inhibitory zone was at a concentration of 2% (2,51±0,12 mm). The conclusion is that the concentration of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. flower extract affects the growth of Streptococcus sanguinis.
Animal Models of Alcoholic Liver Disease for Hepatoprotective Activity Evaluation
Authors: Renggani Hidayah Dwi , Hertianti Triana , Murwanti Retno
Published: December 2021

Background: The reported statistics suggest that alcoholic liver disease is on the rise. Furthermore, medications used to treat the disease have unpleasant effects, and this necessitates the need to continuously investigate hepatoprotective agents. This study investigates animal models of alcoholic liver disease used to evaluate hepatoprotective activity. Content: A good number of published articles evaluating hepatoprotective activity were summarized. The studies used three ethanol-induced liver injury models: the acute ethanol-induced liver injury model, the chronic ethanol-induced liver injury model, and Lieber– DeCarli model. Summary: Wistar rats were primarily used in the ethanol-induced liver injury model. High levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) and histopathological alterations were found in all animal models (acute ethanol-induced liver injury, chronic ethanol-induced liver injury, and Lieber–DeCarli models). Severe steatosis was shown in both chronic ethanol-induced liver injury and Lieber–DeCarli models. However, fibrosis was undetected in all models.
Visual Study of Multi-Dimensional Data in Remote Earth Sensing Problems
Authors: Dobronets Boris , Popova Olga , Merko Alexey
Published: December 2021

The article deals with the problem of multidimensional data presentation based on the application of the scientific visualization method. A method of visual-interactive animation based on dynamic representation of images in the form of 2D cross-sectional models is proposed. The effect of multidimensionality is achieved through the choice of 2D models, the variability of the directions of dynamic sections and the use of stereoscopic vision capabilities.
Detection of fallow lands overgrowth from satellite images based on wavelet analysis
Authors: Evstratova Larisa , Antoshkin Anton
Published: December 2021

To improve the efficiency of agricultural lands condition and use monitoring, method for detecting fallow lands overgrowth with tree and shrub vegetation using multi-temporal multispectral satellite images of high spatial resolution is proposed. The task of localization of overgrowth is solved on the basis of multi-temporal satellite images wavelet analysis. This technique allows to operationally and automatically detect areas of fallow lands overgrowth with tree and shrub vegetation. The proposed methodology was tested using satellite images obtained from Quickbird, GeoEye and WorldView satellites. For each image, a fourth-order wavelet decomposition was performed in terms of the Daubeshi wavelet functions. Comparing the different levels of the images wavelet transform, it is possible to divide the areas without tree and shrub vegetation, and where overgrowth was depicted. The method proposed by the authors for detecting changes based on wavelet analysis has shown that this method practically does not depend on the influence of shooting conditions and, accordingly, is more effective at detecting changes.
Crop and Soil Temperature Difference an Additional Factor for Analysis of the Condition of Crops
Authors: Emelyanov Dmitriy , Botvich Irina , Shevyrnogov Anatoly
Published: December 2021

The study aims to study changes in land surface temperature (LST) of soil and vegetation on agricultural land planted with barley based on unmanned LST data. Simultaneously with the LST data, the spectral characteristics (NDVI) of crops were measured using the DJI P4 Multispectral. The paper shows the variability of vegetation indices and radiation temperature during the growing season. A significant relationship was found between the dynamics of NDVI and the dynamics of radiation temperature. The features of the variability of the spatial distribution of temperatures depending on precipitation are shown. The paper gives an example of a temperature map of the studied areas in the middle of the growing season, which shows the features of the spatial distribution of temperatures.
CORONA imagery in the analysis of the forest-tundra ecotone in Kuznetsk Alatau (Orligtaskhyl Mountain)
Authors: Im Sergei , Petrov Il’ya , Kharuk Viacheslav
Published: December 2021

Changes in the forest-tundra ecotone of Orligtashyl mountain (Kuznetsk Alatau) were analyzed based on the available satellite CORONA (1971) and Wordlview (2013) imagery. Forest stands were identified on the Worldview scene using Iso cluster classification. On the CORONA scene stands were differentiated from the background area using statistical analysis of histogram of the identified classes’ brightness values and were harmonized with the classification of the Wordlview imagery. Kappa-statistics showed good accuracy (κ = 0.93) of the Wordlview imagery classification and the average for CORONA (κ = 0.67). Area of stands increased by ~38% during the analyzed period. Maximal area increase was observed on the south-eastern warm slopes. Significant changes were determined on the elevational boundary of the ecotone where the stands’ elevation boundary shifted up by ~9 m (0.2 m/yr.). GIS analysis revealed that trees form elongated clusters mainly directed across the slope. Observed changes occurred along with summer temperature increase during 1971–2013 by 0.3°С/decade (r2= 0.32, p < 0.01).
Arctic lakes thickness measurement in the Lena River delta based on the Sentinel-1 observations
Authors: Leskova Yuliya , Muzalevskiy Konstantin , Ruzicka Zdenek
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we investigate the possibilities of ice thickness remote sensing on freshwater lakes based on Sentinel-1 observations. Fr. was selected as a test site. Kurungnakh Island, located in the Lena River delta, was selected as a test site, where 10 lakes with floating and grounded ice were selected. For the test lakes, the time series of backscatting coefficients measured by Sentinel-1 at horizontal-horizontal polarization (EW mode) and at an angle of 18-20 from September 2015 to June 2017 were analyzed. The average lakes ice thickness was estimated based on the Lebedev’s model and air temperature according to the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF ERA5). It is shown that, the dependence between backscattering coefficient and ice thickness (120-140 cm) can be described a linear function (with a standard deviation of 13.5-25.3 cm and a determination coefficient of 0.70-0.79). The preliminary studies shows that the Sentinel-1 radar data is promising for remote sensing of ice thickness on freshwater arctic lakes.
Using of Google Earth Engine in monitoring systems
Authors: Fedotova Elena , Gosteva Anna
Published: December 2021

Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud service is a powerful tool for environmental research. An example of using GEE to solve a typical research problem is shown. The following data extraction and analysis operations were used: filtering data from sets, constructing functions, building graphs, selecting data using vector and raster masks. GEE interface in the form of JavaScript code was used. Correlation between surface runoff and precipitation and snow depth in areas with forest dieback was analysed for Krasnoyarsk region in Russia (r = 0.30 for precipitation and r = 0.57 for snow depth).
The influence the horizontal structure of the forest on the passing the L1 range of navigation satellites signals
Authors: Sorokin Anatoly , Borisov Alexander , Reushev Mikhail , Ivanov Victor , Kharlamov Dmitriy
Published: December 2021

Experimental data on the passing of signals from navigation satellites of the L1 range through forest plantations with an anisotropic horizontal tree arrangement structure are presented. A feature of the studied environment is an irregular distance between trees in rows and a constant distance between rows. Signals were recorded by an antenna located inside the forest at heights of 0.5 and 10 meters. Based on the results of processing the amplitude-time dependences of the recorded signal by means of fast Fourier transform, qualitative differences were revealed depending on the orientation of the probe signal path in the forest stand.
Application of remote sensing data to assess environmental situation in Krasnoyarsk
Authors: Krasnoshchekov Konstantin , Yakubailik Oleg
Published: December 2021

The work compared the data on ground-based concentrations of suspended particles (PM2.5 (particulate matter with diameters less than 2.5 microns) and NO2 (sulfur dioxide)) with remote sensing data obtained over the territory of Krasnoyarsk in the summer period of 2019 and 2020. We use the air monitoring system of the Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (KSC SB RAS) to determine the concentration of PM 2.5. NO2 concentrations were taken from the data of the State departmental information and analytical system of data on the state of the Ministry of Ecology of the region. It is shown that the data of the MAIAC product, which has a spatial resolution of 1 km, can be used to determine the PM2.5 concentration as a supplement to the data obtained by the ground-based air monitoring system of the KSC SB RAS. A high coefficient of determination between satellite and ground monitoring data was obtained. Joint processing of data from ground-based monitoring networks with remote sensing data will contribute to improving the assessment of the ecological situation in Krasnoyarsk.
Spatial differentiation and temporal dynamics of drained raised bogs in Western Siberia
Authors: Sinyutkina Anna
Published: December 2021

This study analysed the influence of drainage on the vegetation cover of raised bogs in the taiga zone of Western Siberia. The study was based on a temporal analysis of Landsat satellite imagery data using the normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) for the period from 1975–2020. We investigated four key sites within drained raised bogs. The analysis was not carried out using absolute NDVI values; rather, the ratio of the NDVI values of drained bogs to the NDVI values of a similar pristine bog was used. Four stages of the vegetation dynamics of drained bogs were determined. In the first stage, including the period before drainage, the NDVI values were close to those of the pristine site, which confirms that there are similar conditions before drainage. The second stage, from 1989–2001(2002), is characterised by a decrease in NDVI values relative to the pristine bog. This was probably due to the degradation of moss vegetation, which is a sensitive indicator of a decrease in the water table level in the absence of a significant growth of the tree layer. Furthermore, since the 2000s, there has been an increase in the NDVI values and they have stabilised at the level of a pristine bog.
Fragebogen zur Erfassung der medizinisch-beruflichen Orientierung der
Rehabilitation aus der Perspektive der Rehabilitanden (MBOR-R):
Querschnittsstudie zum Vergleich der Kurz- und Langversion
Authors: Bürger Wolfgang , Nübling Rüdiger , Streibelt Marco
Published: December 2021

Hintergrund Die Nutzerwahrnehmung des erwerbsbezogenen
Behandlungsangebotes ist von großer Bedeutung für die
Weiterentwicklung und den Erfolg der medizinisch-beruflich orientierten
Rehabilitation (MBOR). Die Deutsche Rentenversicherung (DRV) Bund hat deshalb
die Entwicklung des Fragebogeninstrumentes MBOR-R gefördert, mit dessen
Hilfe Struktur-, Prozess- und Ergebnisqualität speziell des
erwerbsbezogenen Angebotes aus Rehabilitandensicht erfasst werden
können. In diesem Beitrag wird eine Kurzversion vorgestellt und mit der
Langversion verglichen.

Methodik Basierend auf einer repräsentativen, nach
Indikationsbereichen geschichteten Stichprobe wurden berufstätige
Versicherte bis 65 Jahren ein halbes Jahr nach ihrer Rehabilitation
zufallsgesteuert mit einer Langversion (N=28 276) oder einer
Kurzversion (N=6611) von MBOR-R befragt. Ergänzend wurden
Routinedaten des Rehabilitationsträgers (RSD) mit einbezogen. Je 27
Items der Langversion und 8 Items der Kurzversion wurden zu einem Gesamtwert
aufaddiert und im Hinblick auf teststatistische Gütekriterien und
Stichprobensensitivität verglichen.

Ergebnisse Die Teilnahmequoten lagen bei der Kurzversion mit 31%
(N=2115) geringfügig über der der Langversion mit
28% (N=8019). Die Bearbeitungsqualität in beiden
Versionen ist vergleichbar. Kurz- und Langversion korrelieren zu r=0,96
(p<0,01) miteinander. Beide Versionen weisen ähnliche Validitätskennwerte auf und
trennen gut zwischen MBOR und Standardrehabilitation. Sie sind beide robust gegenüber demografischen, krankheitsbezogenen sowie
sozialmedizinischen Risikofaktoren. Rehabilitanden mit Sucht und
psychosomatischen sowie neurologischen Erkrankungen bewerten ihre Rehabilitation
als deutlich stärker erwerbsorientiert im Vergleich zu anderen
Indikationen, insbesondere der Pneumologie.

Schlussfolgerung Die Kurzversion eignet sich aufgrund des geringen
Erhebungsaufwandes und der einfachen Auswertung und Interpretation v. a.
für routinemäßige Erhebungen der
MBOR-Versorgungsqualität. Die Langversion erlaubt eine differenzierte
Erfassung des MBOR-Angebotes von Rehabilitationseinrichtungen im Sinne von
Stärken-/Schwächen-Analysen.
Headshaking chiropraktisch behandeln? Ein Fallbericht
Authors: Tratsis Imke
Published: December 2021

Der 11-jährige Westfalen-Wallach „Alvaro“ litt zunehmend
an Headshaking, welches im Frühjahr 2021 zur vollständigen
Unreitbarkeit führte. Meist ist Headshaking idiopathisch. In dem
vorliegenden Fall allerdings konnte eine Ursache gefunden werden, deren
anschließende chiropraktische Behandlung zu einer 80%-igen
Verbesserung der Symptome führte.
Geographical Distribution of Access to Healthcare in Patients Diagnosed with Hypospadias
Authors: Fernandez Nicolas , Santander Jessica , Pérez-Sosa Marcela , Agudelo Alejandro , Sánchez Daniel , Vélez Nevianni , Zarante Ignacio , Gutierrez Andres
Published: December 2021

Objective Hypospadias is a congenital disease of unknown etiology involving multiple epigenetic, genetic, and endocrinological factors. It is a highly incapacitating condition. Its surgical management is one of the most frequent surgical procedures done by pediatric urologists. Furthermore, the geographical distribution and healthcare access is limited in Colombia. The Colombian Ministry of Health has consolidated a nationwide registry called Integrated Social Protection Information System (SISPRO, in the Spanish acronym) to collect comprehensive information on the use and frequency of resources associated with health care in Colombia. The aim of the present study was to analyze the number of cases reported between 2014 and 2018 and the geographical distribution of access to healthcare of patients with hypospadias in Colombia.

Methods An observational, retrospective study of hypospadias in Colombia, 2014–2018, was performed using data extracted from the Individual Health Records System (RIPS) in SISPRO. Satscan, version 9.6 was used to perform a distribution analysis of the georeferenced population using a Poisson model. To visualize the results, the software projected the result onto a Google Earth map.

Results Between January 2014 and December 2018, a total of 8,990 cases of hypospadias were evaluated in Colombia. The geographical distribution in the national territory has areas with high evaluation rates. On average, the departments in which the majority of cases were evaluated during the study period were Bogotá, D.C., Antioquia, and Valle del Cauca (2,196, 1,818 and 1,151 cases, respectively). The statistical analysis of the space exploration (Fig. 1) identified the area with the highest concentration of cases (red) and the areas in which the lowest number of patients was evaluated (blue). The geographical distribution showed increasing trends in areas near the center of the country, especially in the cities of Bogotá, Cali, Ibagué, and Pereira.

Conclusion There is a greater concentration of cases evaluated in the center of the country, where the cities with better access to subspecialized medical care are located. This highlights inequalities in health services and the opportunity for surgical care among regions of the country. If we consider that the prevalence rates of hypospadias remain stable, ∼ 87% of the patients with hypospadias will not be evaluated by a subspecialist.
Orthobiologics: Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Tendinopathies
Authors: Van Schaik Katherine D. , Lee Kenneth S.
Published: December 2021

Orthobiologics, including platelet-rich plasma, prolotherapy, and mesenchymal stem cells, are seeing increasing use in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA), muscle injury, and tendinopathy. This article reviews the biology and applications of orthobiologics in tendons, muscles, and joints, and focuses on platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Clinical evidence-based literature related to the use of PRP in the treatment of rotator cuff injury, lateral epicondylosis, Achilles tendinopathy, plantar fasciitis, knee OA, and acute muscle injury are discussed.
Tratamiento de la fractura conminuta de patela: ¿existen diferencias entre realizar o no una eversión?
Authors: Carredano G Xabier , Valderrama R Juanjosé , Valderrama S Ignacio , Hube L Maximiliano , Bernal B Nazira , Mellado M Carolina , Espinoza L Gonzalo
Published: December 2021

Objetivo Comparar los resultados clínicos, funcionales e imagenológicos de dos técnicas quirúrgicas para el manejo de fracturas conminutas de patela: con y sin eversión patelar.

Métodos En una serie de casos retrospectivos de fracturas conminutas de patela tratadas en el mismo centro entre 2014 y 2017, con un seguimiento ≥ 3 meses, se hizo una comparación entre el grupo con eversión y el grupo sin eversión. Los criterios de exclusión fueron patelectomía parcial o total, reinserción tendínea, o rehabilitación incompleta. Las variables analizadas fueron edad, sexo, tabaquismo, diabetes mellitus, energía del accidente, tipo de fractura, variables quirúrgicas (banda de tensión, tornillos, alambres, nudos, cerclaje circular), rango de movimiento (RDM) articular postoperatorio, presencia de osteosíntesis sintomática, puntaje de escalas funcionales (de Tegner-Lysholm y de Kujala) al alta definitiva, complicaciones (rigidez articular, infección, trombosis venosa profunda), y variables imagenológicos con tomografías computarizadas pre- y postoperatorias (brecha, desnivel articular > 2 mm, elementos de fijación intraarticular).

Resultados En total, 20 de 22 pacientes, 13 con eversión y 7 sin eversión, cumplieron con los criterios de selección. El seguimiento fue de 3 a 12 meses, y no hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas respecto a las variables demográficas entre ambos grupos, lo cual los hace comparables. Destacaron el tiempo desde el ingreso al alta, con 7 meses para los pacientes con eversión y 5 meses para los sin eversión (p = 0.032), la proporción de pacientes con desnivel articular > 2 mm, con 7.7% para los con eversión y 14.3% para los sin eversión (p = 0.016), y una tendencia a resultados superiores en escalas funcionales para el grupo con eversión.

Conclusión El tratamiento de fracturas conminutas de patela con eversión parece ser una alternativa viable dados sus resultados imagenológicos y funcionales superiores a los de la técnica habitual.
Disfunción sexual femenina: una mirada a los últimos 44 años. Análisis bibliométrico
Authors: Ceballos Domínguez Maria del Pilar , Vásquez Franco Andrea , Arroyo Malaver Lisset Fernanda , Castillo Carvajal Luisana , Montes Johanna María , Perdomo Pamela , Vega Johanna , Solano Mendoza Catalina
Published: December 2021

Objetivo La disfunción sexual femenina (DSF) es un trastorno prevalente que afecta la calidad de vida de las mujeres y combina factores biológicos, psicológicos e interpersonales. Su estudio ha sido de poco interés, en campos como la investigación y el tratamiento, debido a la dificultad en la medición de las respuestas sexuales en las mujeres y otros factores, como el tabú acerca de la sexualidad femenina. Este estudio caracteriza las tendencias de publicaciones científicas acerca del tema, para que los urólogos puedan comprender la necesidad de realizar la búsqueda de este trastorno en la práctica diaria.

Métodos Se realizó una búsqueda de la literatura en las bases de datos PubMed, FABUMED y Scopus, utilizando la estrategia «((«female sexual dysfunction» [Title/Abstract])». Se realizó un análisis bibliométrico descriptivo, de corte retrospectivo, de la literatura médica obtenida en MEDLINE. A través de las herramientas estadísticas FABUMED, PubReminer y Scopus, se recopilaron los datos y se obtuvo los resultados de las variables que posteriormente fueron analizadas de forma estadística y descriptiva. Con base en esta información, elaboramos tablas y gráficas en Microsoft Office Excel 2017. Adicionalmente, realizamos un análisis de mapeo bibliométrico utilizando el programa VOSviewer. Para la obtención del factor de impacto (FI), utilizamos el Journal Citation Reports 2017/2018.

Resultados Desde 1975 hasta 2019, se publicaron 1.292 estudios, y la tasa anual de publicación permaneció estable entre 1975 y 2000. Pero, a partir del año 2000, se evidenció un aumento en el número de publicaciones, con un crecimiento del 92,1%. De las veinte revistas con más publicaciones, sólo cuatro son de urología. Los países con más publicaciones fueron: Estados Unidos (31,4%), Reino Unido (12,9%), Italia (8,9%), Turquía (5,9%), y Australia (4%). Estos datos son muy diferentes a los de los países de América Latina, en los que se encontraron muy pocas publicaciones, como Colombia, con tan sólo tres estudios.

Conclusiones Este análisis bibliométrico mostró las diferentes tendencias y tasas de publicación de estudios sobre DSF, y evidenció una baja tasa de producción con relación a otras temáticas, sobre todo en las revistas urológicas, con predominio de mujeres como autores, aunque en los últimos años se ha identificado un crecimiento importante y sostenido. Se hace evidente la necesidad de desarrollar estrategias para mejorar la formación tanto en los niveles de posgrado como de pregrado y, así, generar más adhesión a este tema en una especialidad quirúrgica como la nuestra.
Intelligent damage recognition of composite materials based on deep learning and ultrasonic testing
Authors: Li Caizhi , He Weifeng , Nie Xiangfan , Wei Xiaolong , Guo Hanyi , Wu Xin , Xu Haojun , Zhang Tiejun , Liu Xinyu
Published: December 2021

Ultrasonic non-destructive testing can effectively detect damage in aircraft composite materials, but traditional manual testing is time-consuming and labor-intensive. To realize the intelligent recognition of aircraft composite material damage, this paper proposes a 1D-YOLO network, in which intelligent fusion recognizes both the ultrasonic C-scan image and ultrasonic A-scan signal of composite material damage. Through training and testing the composite material damage data on aircraft skin, the accuracy of the model is 94.5%, the mean average precision is 80.0%, and the kappa value is 97.5%. The use of dilated convolution and a recursive feature pyramid effectively improves the feature extraction ability of the model. The effectively used Cascade R-CNN (Cascade Region-Convolutional Neural Network) improves the recognition effect of the model, and the effectively used one-dimensional convolutional neural network excludes non-damaged objects. Comparing our network with YOLOv3, YOLOv4, cascade R-CNN, and other networks, the results show that our network can identify the damage of composite materials more accurately.
Aiming at the industrialization of perovskite solar cells: Coping with stability challenge
Authors: Qiu Zexiong , Mei Anyi , Hu Yue , Rong Yaoguang , Han Hongwei
Published: December 2021

The certified power conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has risen from 3.8% to 25.5% in a decade or so, which is no doubt the fastest growing photovoltaic technology in history. However, the industrialization of PSCs has encountered a series of obstacles such as photovoltaic performance, cost, toxicity, stability, and scaling-up production. Among these factors, the stability issue is the most challenging. In this Perspective, we put forward a concept, which covers Degradation, Expansion, Reaction, and Migration, respectively. We reveal stability failure mechanisms of PSCs from these four aspects one by one. Finally, we summarize and discuss some strategies toward industrial applications of PSCs from the perspective of the resolving stability issue.
New insights into methanol and formic acid electro-oxidation on Pt: Simultaneous DEMS and ATR-SEIRAS study under well-defined flow conditions and simulations of CO spectra
Authors: Wang Hongsen , Abruña Héctor D.
Published: December 2021

Methanol and formic acid electro-oxidation on Pt has been studied under well-defined flow conditions by a spectroscopic platform that combines differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS) and attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy. The volatile soluble products from methanol and formic acid oxidation on Pt have been detected by DEMS, while adsorbed intermediates have been identified with ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. Besides CO2 and methylformate, which were detected by DEMS, other non-volatile soluble intermediates such as formaldehyde and formic acid were also generated during methanol oxidation on Pt. Besides water adsorption bands, linearly bonded CO, bridge-bonded CO, adsorbed formate, adsorbed formic acid, and adsorbed CHO bands were observed by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy during methanol and formic acid oxidation on Pt. Formic acid adsorption suppressed the formate and water adsorption. Our results suggest that formate could be an inactive adsorbed species, rather than an active intermediate, for both methanol and formic acid oxidation. Pb modification of Pt significantly enhanced formic acid oxidation through the direct pathway due to the third-body effect and electronic effects. Formic acid oxidation took place mainly at Pb modified low-coordinated defect sites at low potentials. Formic acid decomposition to form adsorbed CO occurred only in the hydrogen region, and Pb modification also slightly enhanced the successive oxidation of adsorbed CO. A double-peak infrared band was observed for linearly bound CO on the Pt film and was simulated with the Fresnel equations and Bruggeman effective medium theory.
Observations on the fourth-power scaling of high-pressure shock waves in solids
Authors: Horie Yasuyuki
Published: December 2021

This paper is concerned with the bounds and approximations that are found in the original derivation of the fourth-power scaling of shock waves in solids [D. Grady, Appl. Phys. Lett. 38, 825 (1981)]. The analysis is focused on the framework of the derivation and is independent of constitutive assumption, such as visco-plastic behavior. Results include an upper bound for the shock pressure and a restriction on the range of power coefficient for materials having a power-type function for the shock velocity–particle velocity relation. Relaxation of this restriction is proposed based on the idea that the rise time along the Rayleigh line is strain dependent. The idea led to the application of the Onsager relation to strain rate calculation that in turn resulted in a quadratic function for the strain rate–shock pressure relation. The fourth-power relation is obtained by generalizing the Onsager relation through the introduction of a quadratic dissipative potential in analogy to Rayleigh's dissipative potential.
Surface band segregation and internal convection in rotating sphere densely filled with granular material: Experiments
Authors: Sun Weitao
Published: December 2021

While granular segregation in partially filled containers has been studied extensively, granular dynamics in densely filled spheres is not fully understood. Here, surface band segregation and granular convection are reported in a rotating sphere of highly compacted glass beads. Distinct from the Rayleigh–Bénard convection, granular convection has a butterfly shaped structure with vortexes of alternating layers of small/large beads, which is stable and independent of the sphere size. Two concentric interfaces at the zero tangential/norm flux are discovered, which divide the sphere into three layers from the surface to the core. The law that governs the jamming dynamics in rotating spheres remains an open question.
The optical collection system designed for EAST edge TV Thomson scattering diagnostic
Authors: Ren Mengfang , Zang Qing , Xiao Shumei , Liu Wei , Hu Jiahui , Che Yong , Zhou Jian , Zhao Junyu
Published: December 2021

An optical collection system composed of a collection lens, fibers, and a mounting rack with high luminous flux, high transmission efficiency, and low optical losses has been designed and installed to collect sufficient scattered lights for the edge TV Thomson scattering diagnostic on the EAST tokamak. A collection lens with an on-axis optical structure, aspheric lens, and regular shaped image plane is designed to meet the system requirements in terms of field of view, spectral range, aberration, and assembly. A mounting rack is designed to fix the collection system. Fiber back-illumination and a location system are used to install the system to the designed position, and the measurement positions of each fiber are measured by using a portable laser tracker system. This optimized design of the optical collection system can facilitate the establishment of the edge TV Thomson scattering system on EAST, which verifies the feasibility of TV Thomson scattering used in large-scale fusion devices.
Multiplexed two-photon excitation spectroscopy of single gold nanorods
Authors: Vlieg Redmar C. , van Noort John
Published: December 2021

Plasmonic metallic nanoparticles are commonly used in (bio-)sensing applications because their localized surface plasmon resonance is highly sensitive to changes in the environment. Although optical detection of scattered light from single particles provides a straightforward means of detection, the two-photon luminescence (TPL) of single gold nanorods (GNRs) has the potential to increase the sensitivity due to the large anti-Stokes shift and the non-linear excitation mechanism. However, two-photon microscopy and spectroscopy are restricted in bandwidth and have been limited by the thermal stability of GNRs. Here, we used a scanning multi-focal microscope to simultaneously measure the two-photon excitation spectra of hundreds of individual GNRs with sub-nanometer accuracy. By keeping the excitation power under the melting threshold, we show that GNRs were stable in intensity and spectrum for more than 30 min, demonstrating the absence of thermal reshaping. Spectra featured a signal-to-noise ratio of >10 and a plasmon peak width of typically 30 nm. Changes in the refractive index of the medium of less than 0.04, corresponding to a change in surface plasmon resonance of 8 nm, could be readily measured and over longer periods. We used this enhanced spectral sensitivity to measure the presence of neutravidin, exploring the potential of TPL spectroscopy of single GNRs for enhanced plasmonic sensing.
Energy capillary number reveals regime transition of imbibition in porous media
Authors: Zhu Guangpu , Zhang Lei , Yao Jun
Published: December 2021

Imbibition, the process of a wetting fluid displacing a nonwetting one in porous media, occurs in many natural and industrial processes, such as enhanced oil recovery and geological carbon sequestration. The phenomenon of imbibition shifts from the capillary regime to the capillary–viscous regime as the externally imposed flow rate (viscous force) increases. In the capillary–viscous regime, there also exists a transition from the capillary-dominated regime to viscous-dominated regime, and the identification of this transition is fundamental to the description of forced imbibition. The main purpose of this work is to explore regime transition in imbibition. We first investigate forced imbibition in a heterogeneous porous media over a broad range of wettability conditions and flow rates. An energy capillary number is proposed to identify regime transitions based on the energy balance analysis of imbibition processes, especially the transition from a capillary-dominated regime to viscous-dominated regime. The energy capillary number is defined as the ratio of the reduced surface energy to the external work, measuring the relative total contribution of the capillary force vs the viscous force to the whole imbibition morphologies. We further present a phase diagram, which allows us to determine the imbibition regime directly from capillary numbers and wettability conditions. The energy capillary number and phase diagram are evidenced by a quantitative analysis of invasion morphologies.