bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of preconditioning with heat stress on acute exercise‐induced intracellular signaling in male rat gastrocnemius muscle
Authors: Yoshihara Toshinori , Dobashi Shohei , Naito Hisashi
Published: January 2024

Heat stress (HS) induces Akt/mTOR phosphorylation and FoxO3a signaling; however, whether a prior increase in heat shock protein 72 (HSP72) expression affects intracellular signaling following eccentric exercise remains unclear. We analyzed the effects of HS pretreatment on intramuscular signaling in response to acute exercise in 10‐week‐old male Wistar rats (n = 24). One leg of each rat was exposed to HS and the other served as an internal control (CT). Post‐HS, rats were either rested or subjected to downhill treadmill running. Intramuscular signaling responses in the red and white regions of the gastrocnemius muscle were analyzed before, immediately after, or 1 h after exercise (n = 8/group). HS significantly increased HSP72 levels in both deep red and superficial white regions. Although HS did not affect exercise‐induced mTOR signaling (S6K1/ERK) responses in the red region, mTOR phosphorylation in the white region was significantly higher in CT legs than in HS legs after exercise. Thr308 phosphorylation of Akt showed region‐specific alteration with a decrease in the red region and an increase in the white region immediately after downhill running. Overall, a prior increase in HSP72 expression elicits fiber type‐specific changes in exercise‐induced Akt and mTOR phosphorylation in rat gastrocnemius muscle.
Law-and-Economics of Business Judgment Rule in India
Authors: Singh Rahul , Amrit Pratyay
Published: January 2024

The article argues that the contours of the ‘business judgment rule’ (hereinafter, ‘the rule’ or ‘the doctrine’) have not been properly delineated and add avoidable transaction costs in terms of business decision-making. On the premise of ‘influence’ existing between Board Directors and countervailing requirements of legal compliance, it becomes imperative to study both components. In the absence of any clear legalese on the latter component incentivizes Directors in two ways – by inhibiting judgment or by incentivizing abuse for a perceived higher probability of economic gain.
Associations of social determinants of health and childhood obesity: a cross-sectional analysis of the 2021 National Survey of Children’s Health
Authors: Batioja Kelsi , Elenwo Covenant , Hendrix-Dicken Amy , Ali Lamiaa , Wetherill Marianna S. , Hartwell Micah
Published: January 2024

Context

Childhood obesity is a growing health problem in the United States, with those affected having an increased likelihood of developing chronic diseases at a younger age. Social determinants of health (SDOH) are known to influence overall health. Families who are of low socioeconomic status (SES) have also been shown to be more likely to experience food insecurity.

Objectives

Our primary objective was to utilize the National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH) 2021 data to determine the current associations between childhood obesity and SDOH. Secondarily, we estimated the prevalence of select SDOH among children with obesity.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 2021 NSCH to extract data related to the SDOH domains. We extracted sociodemographic variables to utilize as controls and constructed logistic regression models to determine associations, via odds ratios, between SDOH and childhood obesity.

Results

Within the binary regression models, children with obesity (≥95th percentile) were more likely than children without obesity to experience SDOH in all domains. After controlling for sociodemographic variables, children with obesity were significantly more likely to experience food insecurity when compared to children without obesity (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=1.39; 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.13–1.17).

Conclusions

In line with the current American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG), improving policies for nutrition programs and addressing the lack of access to nutritious foods may alleviate some food insecurity. Ensuring that children have access to sufficient nutritious foods is critical in addressing childhood obesity and thus decreasing risk of chronic disease.
Tribological and thermal characteristics of copper-free brake friction composites
Authors: Sugözü Banu , Erol Ergül , Sugözü İlker
Published: January 2024

The effects of zinc, steel, aluminum, and brass materials that can be used instead of copper in brake friction composites on braking performance were investigated in this study. The specimens containing three different ratios of metallic shavings were produced by the dry mixing method. In terms of comparison, a total of 16 specimens were examined by producing the specimen containing copper at the same rates and the specimen containing no metallic chip. The weight loss, specific wear rate, and friction coefficient of the specimens were determined by the brake test results. The hardness and density tests were carried out. Thermal conductivity tests of the specimens were carried out to determine the thermal characteristic of copper. Among the metallic chips used, aluminum and steel wool were found to be good alternatives to copper.
On the existence and numerical simulation of Cholera epidemic model
Authors: Shah Kamal , Ahmad Israr , Shafiullah  , Mukheimer Aiman , Abdeljawad Thabet , Jeelani Mdi Begum
Published: January 2024

A model describing the transmission dynamics of cholera is considered in this article. The concerned model is investigated under the Caputo-Fabrizio fractal fractional derivative. The objective of this article is to study theoretical and numerical results for the model under our consideration. Classical fixed point approach is used to obtain sufficient conditions for the existence of solution to the proposed model. Adam’s Bashforth numerical method is utilized for the numerical interpretation of the suggested model. The considered technique is a powerful mathematical tool, that provides a numerical solution for the concerned problem. To discuss the transmission dynamics of the considered model, several graphical presentations are given.
Magnetoacoustics and magnetic quantization of Fermi states in relativistic plasmas
Authors: Iqbal Ahsan , Rasheed Abdur , Fatima Areeb , Perveen Sumera , Ramzan Bilal , Jamil Muhammad
Published: January 2024

Dispersive characteristics of electromagnetic sound waves with frequencies less than the electron and ion gyro-frequencies are studied herein analytically and numerically at astrophysical scales. Magnetic quantization of Fermi states is concerned with the degenerate relativistic electrons fluid treated by quantum hydrodynamic model (QHD). The quantum features are included from Landau quantized Fermi pressure dependent upon the dc magnetic field, whereas the ions are treated as nondegenerate and classical. The numerical analysis verifies the analytical results. The phase speed of magnetosonic waves for relativistic degenerate plasma typically for white dwarf stars parameters is depicted from the graphical figures. In this manuscript, an overlooked feature of quantization, that is Landau quantization, is mainly focused for magnetoacoustics in plasmas.
New expressions for the Aharonov–Bohm phase and consequences for the fundamentals of quantum mechanics
Authors: Kholmetskii Alexander , Yarman Tolga , Missevitch Oleg
Published: January 2024

We focus on new expressions for the Aharonov–Bohm (AB) phase proposed recently by C. Marletto and V. Vedral (Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 040401 (2020)) and by our team (A. L. Kholmetskii et al., Ann. Phys., 434, 168627 (2021)). We emphasize the mismatch between the standard expression for the electric component of the AB phase and the expression by Marletto and Vedral for this component, which, as we show, has fundamental roots and indicates the need to use different expressions for the Hamiltonian of the radiative component and bound component of the electromagnetic (EM) field. We further show that the corrected expression for the AB phase of Marletto and Vedral and our expression for the AB phase do not coincide with its standard representation through the potentials of EM field (Y. Aharonov, D. Bohm, Phys. Rev. 115 (1959) 485) and contain additional terms, which straightforwardly allow to re-express the AB phase via electric and magnetic fields instead of scalar and vector potentials. The recognition of the field-dependent origin of the AB effect also requires to re-express the Hamiltonian of a charged particle through the EM field, which we show can be done in the only possible way. We discuss the physical meaning of the AB effect with the primary role of the EM field and also discuss some general quantum mechanical implications.
Molecular level interaction, electrons excitation properties, solvent effect using IEFPCM investigation, topological surface, and docking analysis of 4-pyrrolidin-2-yl-pyridine
Authors: Barathan Uma , Selvaraj Selvakumari , Kadaikunnan Shine , Abbas Ghulam , Sambantham Muthu
Published: January 2024

Optimisation of molecular geometry of the headline compound, 4-pyrrolidin-2-yl-pyridine (4P2YLP) was achieved theoretically exercising Density Functional Theory using B3LYP standard approach utilising basis set, 6-311++G(d,p). Using Gaussian 09, HOMO–LUMO analysis was achieved to comprehend the chemical activity and electronic properties of the heading compound. The least HOMO–LUMO gap was obtained for gas phase (5.6486). Bonding interlinkage of the fragments is accomplished by Natural Bonding Orbitals (NBO), as steadiness and chemical reactivity depend on the border molecular orbitals. The nucleophilic & electrophilic spots along with 3D charge transmission areas are determined using the Molecular Electrostatic Potential (MEP). Multiwfn 3.8 software with Pauli Repulsion (PR) & electron localization has been used to conduct ELF and LOL research. While LOL simply displays the most closely spaced orbitals overlapping, ELF displays the electron pair density. Non-linear response properties are analysed in a variety of solvents. The dipole moment (1.9039), polarizability (3.23017E-23 esu) & first order hyperpolarizability (1.51981E-30 esu) of water are the highest values among the selected solvents. Different solvents endured UV–Vis analysis employing TD-DFT technique and the absorption of maximum wavelength is accomplished. Fructose 5-dehydrogenase inhibitor activity by docking is investigated using molecular modelling procedures.
A magyar élelmiszer- és napicikk kiskereskedelem forgalmi koncentrációja 2010 és 2020 között
Authors: Németh Péter
Published: January 2024

A TANULMÁNY CÉLJA
A tanulmány legfőbb célja a magyar élelmiszer- és napicikk kiskereskedelem vizsgálata a 2010 és 2020 közötti időszakban, mégpedig a kiskereskedelmi forgalmi koncentráció szemszögéből. Ennek részeként a koncentráció mérési lehetőségeinek bemutatása és kapcsolódó szakirodalmi eredmények áttekintése után szekunder adatfeldolgozás eredményeként álltak elő az eredmények. Ehhez kapcsolódóan cél, hogy rávilágítson a tanulmány arra, milyen okok állnak a koncentrációban történő változások mögött.
ALKALMAZOTT MÓDSZERTAN
A tanulmányban szakirodalmi áttekintés után szekunder forrásokból (Trade Magazin KSH) származó adatokon történő szekunder adatelemzés történt. Az elemzés során a magyar élelmiszer- és napicikk kiskereskedelem helyzetét járja körül a tanulmány a forgalmi (bevételi) koncentráció szempontjából. Az elemzések eredményeként a két legjellemzőbb mutatószámot, a CR mutatót és a Herfindahl-Hirschmann indexet mutatja be a cikk, valamint ezeknek a mutatószámoknak a változását a vizsgált időszakban.
LEGFONTOSABB EREDMÉNYEK
Az eredmények alapján a 2010-2020 közötti időszakban nagyobb változások voltak a hazai élelmiszer- és napicikk kiskereskedelemben; voltak olyan szereplők, akik növelni tudták piaci részesedésüket, voltak, akik szinten maradtak ilyen szempontból, valamint csökkenő tendenciát is látni a számok alapján. További eredmény, miszerint mindegyik koncentrációs mutatószám alapján csökkenő koncentrációt látunk a vizsgált időszakban, melynek hátterében a hazai fogyasztók magatartásában és a kiskereskedelmi üzletstruktúrában jelentkező változások állnak (pl. a lakóhelyközeli bevásárlóhelyek felértékelődése, ezzel együtt a városszéli telephellyel rendelkező üzletláncok piacvesztése).
GYAKORLATI JAVASLATOK
A magyar élelmiszer kiskereskedelemben megjelenő csökkenő forgalmi koncentráció mögött meghúzódó okok feltárása egy hozzáadott értéket képvisel.
További kutatási irányok látszanak leginkább annak megválaszolására, hogy a forgalmi koncentráció milyen más, a szektort leíró további, teljesítményt is mutató változóval (pl. nyereség, dolgozók száma, boltszám adatok) van összefüggésben, vagyis hogy hatnak egymásra ezek a változók, továbbá az elemzési spektrum időbeli szélesítése is egy javasolt folytatásként fogalmazódik meg.
Vállalkozói kudarcból levont tanulságok rendszere
Authors: Repisky Máté
Published: January 2024

A TANULMÁNY CÉLJA
Hazánkban megközelítőleg minden második vállalkozás éli túl az első három évét. Ezáltal a vállalkozók többsége találkozik a kudarccal és fontos vizsgálni, hogy ezekből az olykor kellemetlen tapasztalatokból milyen tudást tudnak tovább vinni szakmai életükben. Ennél fogva jelen kutatás arra kereste a választ, hogy mit tanulnak a vállalkozók a kudarcaikból és ezen tanulságokat miként lehet rendszerezni.
ALKALMAZOTT MÓDSZERTAN
Jelen kvalitatív kutatás keretében 16, legalább egy kudarcot átélt vállalkozóval készült egyéni, félig strukturált mélyinterjú. A potenciális interjúalanyok hólabdás, ajánláson alapuló mintavétellel kerültek felkeresésre a téma érzékenysége miatt valamint, hogy gyorsabban kialakuljon a bizalom a kutató irányába. Az interjúk során feltárt tanulságok maradéktalanul rendszerezésre kerültek.
LEGFONTOSABB EREDMÉNYEK
A kudarc során levont tanulságok rendszerezésének a végére létrejött struktúra négy területen belül rendszerezi a tanultakat (személyes, kapcsolatok, menedzsment és marketing tanulságok) 11 feltárt csoportba: önismeret/személyes fejlődés, válság- és kudarckezelés, karriermegfontolások, vezetőkhöz-, illetve alkalmazottakhoz kapcsolódó tanulságok, kommunikáció/együttműködés, vállalkozás menedzsmentje, jogi és pénzügyi tanulságok, piaci környezet és verseny, vevők és fogyasztói magatartás, míg végül a marketingkommunikáció. Az így létrejött struktúra árnyaltabb és teljesebb rendszerezést kínál a vállalkozói kudarcból levont tanulságokra, mint azt a korábbi kutatások lehetővé tették. A vizsgált vállalkozók legtöbbet az önismeret, személyes fejlődés, valamint a vállalkozás menedzsmentje kapcsán tanultak a kudarc során.
GYAKORLATI JAVASLATOK
Az üzleti életbe két úton használhatóak fel jelen kutatás eredményei. Egyrészt, az eredmények, mint valós példák vagy esettanulmányok beépíthetőek a vállalkozó és közgazdász oktatásba. Másrészt, pedig vezetők és vállalkozók a tanulmányt elolvasva emlékeztetőt kaphatnak, hogy megéri a néha egyértelműnek vélt dolgokra is figyelmet fordítani, mert akár egy vállalkozói kudarccá nőhetik ki magukat.
The Cuban Economy in the Last Decade: Balance and Outlook
Authors: Rodríguez José Luis
Published: January 2024

In the last decade, the Cuban economy has faced formidable difficulties. A host of external and internal adversities have imposed an enormous human cost on our nation and prevented the timely implementation of the program to update the social and economic model outlined in 2011 at the 6th Congress of the Communist Party of Cuba, validated through intense debate across Cuban society, turned into a law of the State and a political program at the 7th Congress of the Party in 2016, incorporated into the Constitution in 2019, and amended in 2021. A balance of the evolution of the Cuban economy during the last decade is required to properly reaffirm the historical potential — opportunities, obstacles, and requisite economic and social policy adjustments — for Cuban revolutionary socialism to persist through the juncture and advance to higher stages of development.
Arts Informed Research: Research on the Relationships between Immigrant/Refugee Children and Children Born in the Host Country
Authors: Wengrower Hilda
Published: January 2024

The field of Social Cognitive Psychology has traditionally been the focal point for researching relationships between immigrants and those considered natives in the host countries within social science literature. However, the author considers this paradigm insufficient to comprehend the intricate dynamics. The emotional and unconscious undercurrents in these interactions remain unexplored. Drawing on a background in dance movement therapy, drama therapy, and psychodrama, the researcher introduced clinical arts therapy tools to address this gap. Focusing on girls and boys, drama emerged as the most fitting method. This article provides a glimpse into a novel model of drama groups developed as part of an extensive year-long research program. Initially chosen based on the study’s focus and participants’ age, the approach eventually aligned with the broader framework of Arts Informed Research (AIR).
On the Subject of Gang Photography
Authors: Rodriguez Richard T.
Published: January 2024

This paper examines the figure of the Chicano gangster in “gang photography, ” which represents Chicanos affiliated with street gangs in the greater Los Angeles area. Gang photography encompasses documentary photography, self-produced gang photography, as well as police photography. Moving beyond the aesthetic and personal desires by which the practice of photography is typically framed, I insist that we must come to terms with the sociopolitical forces underscoring all representations of Chicano gangs. My title refers to overlapping meanings of the subject. The subject or topic of gang photography requires an understanding of the Chicano gangster as a social subject whose subjectivity is (re)figured within and outside the realm of the photograph. Moreover, my analysis of these particular photographic practices dialogues with ethnographic discourse analysis, media studies, and contemporary cultural studies of race and ethnicity. In conclusion, the paper unsettles any smooth comprehension of photographic representations.
A Sojourn of Desire, Cuando lleguemos: Chicano/a Literature, A Historical Reflection
Authors: Rosales Jesús
Published: January 2024

This article is a historical reflection on Chicano/a literature, arguing that Chicano/a literature, in its essence, continues to express with passion and humility the sensibilities of the common Chicano/a. By exploring this literature’s connection to its pre-Columbian past, the corridos, accommodation and resistance, and current Chicano/a preoccupations, one finds a future full of apertures and possibilities, but also of limitation. Using the image of the migrant worker to symbolize this literature’s yearning for an arrival (a definite fulfillment), he author concludes that Chicano/a literature continues to express only “a sojourn of desire” still reaching for this ambitious aspiration that remains outside the parameters of the national literature.
Illegal Status and Social Citizenship
Authors: Del Castillo Adelaida R.
Published: January 2024

The unauthorized status of undocumented Mexican immigrants removes them from the polity, but it does not preclude the practice of social citizenship within the welfare state. Undocumented immigrant communities access social rights as they live their lives and create community through their use of goods, services, and opportunities provided by the benefits of the welfare state. Tarascans in southern lllinois reproduce social and cultural citizenship through their use of survival and adaptive strategies; women are vital to the mobilization of these strategies and to the creation of community. This enactment of social citizenship without consent questions the fixity of the nationstate as well as traditional notions of citizenship, and invites a postnational approach to the challenges posed by illegal immigrants in the state. Importantly, a universal human rights discourse allows for the reconceptualization of unauthorized immigrants as human persons and individual rights-holders, both in the political community and before international bodies.
The Tender Trap
Authors: de la Luz Ibarra María
Published: January 2024

In this article, I analyze elder care in Southern California through the ethnographic case of Sunta Barbara. Specifically, I investigate the power-laden work relationships that exist in private homes through Mexican immigrant women’s narratives of paid care. In these narratives women say that they contest structural conditions of work, but also the care ethics imposed by employers. In so doing workers create a “tender trap” for themselves and contribute to “stratified reproduction. ” These experiences illustrate that even in dissent, human care workers of necessity may participate in the maintenance of social inequality.
The Defense Committees of Sleepy Lagoon
Authors: Barajas Frank P.
Published: January 2024

The Sleepy Lagoon Defense Committee originated as an ad hoc committee and evolved to a broad-based movement for legal justice on behalf of seventeen youths convicted of murder and assault charges in connection with the Sleepy Lagoon case in Los Angeles in January 1943. This essay chronicles the multidimensional organizing to shift public opinion in the case, in which activists skillfully utilized the specter of a fifth-column element made up of Mexican Sinarquistas and fascist sympathizers to achieve their goal. A diverse array of individuals and organizations, including those in the Mexican community as well as prominent writers and activists of other ethnic backgrounds, contributed to the successful effort to win public support and finance the appeal that ultimately overturned the convictions and won the release of the young men who were behind bars.
The Mexico City–Los Angeles Cultural Mosh Pits
Authors: Calderón Héctor
Published: January 2024

This essay chronicles the career of pioneering Mexican rock band Maldita Vecindad y los Hijos del 5° Patio. I argue that in a post–Chicano movement period, Maldita has become a borderless cultural institution infl uencing a generation of Mexicans on both sides of the border. Maldita has sought linkages with Mexicans from north and south through manifestos and music and through the revitalized figure of the pachuco. With its rock anthem “Pachuco,” Maldita looked back to Mexican film actor Germán Valdés and his hybrid pachuco character, el Tin Tan, to explain a new rebellious Mexican punk spirit that drew inspiration from past musical fusions. Maldita returned to the same working-class musical milieu, the “quintopatiera” tradition, that gave rise to 1940s music of the pachuco phenomenon evident in compositions by Mexican Americans Don Tosti and Lalo Guerrero. Thus Maldita combines rumba, mambo, bolero, and danzón with new rock genres, infusing its music with cultural openness.
Theses on the Latino Bloc
Authors: Sánchez Rosaura , Pita Beatrice
Published: January 2024

Increasing anxieties about the growing Latina/o population in the United States have fueled virulent xenophobia toward immigrants. This essay proposes the need to forge strategic political alliances by constructing this population as a bloc, a nexus of diverse groups that differ at the level of national origin, race, residential status, class, gender, and political views. Only in full awareness of our multiple contradictions and commonalities, presented in this essay as eleven theses, can we as Latina/os come together, construct our own fl uid identities, and more effectively address the hostile political environment and polemics of the current moment.
The Politics of Drug Trafficking in Mexican and Mexico-Related Narconovelas
Authors: Palaversich Diana
Published: January 2024

This essay traces the emergence of the Mexican and Mexico-related narconovela. It examines perspectives on drug trafficking and traffickers expressed in novels by Elmer Mendoza, Leonides Alfaro, Gerardo Cornejo, Homero Aridjis, Arturo Pérez-Reverte, and Paul Flores. The variety of positions taken refutes the tendency of the Mexican mainstream media to define all narconarratives as sympathetic to drug trafficking. Nonetheless, the writers are unanimous in critiquing the corruption in the Mexican police and government. All the authors are eager to expose the symbiotic link between narcos and state officials, as well as to denounce the duplicity of Mexican officials who publicly repudiate drug trafficking while privately reaping substantial rewards from narco bribes.
All Roads Lead to Rust
Authors: Michelson Melissa R.
Published: January 2024

Political trust is an important determinant of individual political behavior and government effectiveness and an indication of the health of civil society. Declining trust among Americans is well documented. Surveys of Latino immigrants indicate that they are also cynical about government,but it is not clear whether this distrust takes the same form or is distinctive due to a racialized outlook and experience. This essay analyzes a set of 56 interviews with California immigrants of Latino (mostly Mexican) descent. The results indicate that some Latino immigrants distrust the governmentbecause they believe the government is racist, suggesting they have acculturated into an ethnic minority subculture. But others are more like Anglo Americans in their cynicism, citing concerns such as lying politicians; this suggests they have socially incorporated into the American mainstream. Still other responses are less predictable, the result of a nuanced acculturation process. These findings reflect the multiple identities adopted by immigrants and the multiple borders they face as they adaptto life in the United States.
Hero Making in El Movimiento
Authors: Bebout Lee
Published: January 2024

This article explores sites of tension and influence between the New Mexico land grant movement and Chicano nationalism. While these efforts diverged often in terms of aims and strategies, they nonetheless found common ground, shaping arguments and providing support to each other during critical years. Moreover, central to their convergence was a moment of historical confluence. I argue that the infamous June 5, 1967, raid propelled Reies López Tijerina and the Alianza Federal de Mercedes to national attention at a moment when Chicano nationalism was just emerging but had not solidified political, spiritual, or philosophical grounds for unification. By examining popular movement discourse, this article demonstrates how the raid transformed Tijerina into a living embodiment of the revolutionary/bandido trope, how that trope was used to draw these projects together, and ultimately how the image of Tijerina conflicted with the reformist strategies of Tijerina, the man.
“American” Abjection
Authors: De Genova Nicholas
Published: January 2024

Crime and street violence often evoke racialized discourses about urban space. In this ethnographic research in Chicago, however, the disdain that many Mexican migrants articulated about street gangs principally concerned issues internal to the Mexican/Chicano community, notably a profound ambivalence about U.S.-born Mexicans and a highly contradictory discourse on the inauthenticity of “Chicanos.” Given the intimate relations between Mexican migrants and U.S.-born Mexicans in Chicago, the migrants’ disavowal of gangs was preeminently a discourse about their own children and social reproduction. “Gangs” were the premier optic by which Mexican migrants could produce a critical difference between their own “Mexican”-ness, which they wanted to see reproduced in their children, and the debased condition deflected onto an unsettlingly intimate Other, namely Chicanos, whose perceived pathologies they sought to repudiate. These discourses figured Chicanos—in effect, Mexican migrants’ own children—as a pivotal link in the fraught nexus between Mexicanness, as a racialized transnationality within the space of the U.S. nation-state, and the degraded status of U.S. “minority” associated with African American Blackness.
Toward a Trans(national) Reading of Ramón “Tiangu.is” Pérez’s Diario de un mojado
Authors: Sisk Christina L.
Published: January 2024

In Ramón “Tianguis” Pérez’s Diario de un mojado, Pérez identifies primarily as a mojado and a macuiltianguense (a person from San Pablo de Macuiltianguis, Oaxaca). The concept of community as elaborated in the diary incorporates macuiltianguenses on both sides of the border. This essay argues that Pérez’s transnational community must be understood within a framework that addresses both Mexican and U.S. national identities and nation-states. Although the main focus is Diario de un mojado, the essay also includes a brief analysis of Diary of a Guerrilla as a way to place Pérez’s migration into context. In these texts, Pérez does not undo national identities completely; rather, he dialogues with the dominant discourse of mexicanidad because he sees that it comes into conflict with his indigenous Zapotec identity, and he specifically rejects a U.S. national identity. The processes that Pérez describes can be considered postnational, but one of the objectives of this essay is to question the “post” in postnational.
Spatializing Sexuality in Jaime Hernandez’s Locas
Authors: Jones Jessica E.
Published: January 2024

Focusing on Jaime Hernandez’s Locas: The Maggie and Hopey Stories, part of the Love and Rockets comic series, I argue that the graphic landscape of this understudied comic offers an illustration of the theories of space in relation to race, gender, and sexuality that have been critical to understandings of Chicana sexuality. Set in a barrio outside Los Angeles, the comic allows us to understand how this particular urban space shapes the body as both material form and surface entity. It writes a queer Chicana sexuality into visibility, yet refuses to reify it, and thus avoids many of the pitfalls of identity politics. While the heterosexual, patriarchal norms that govern the barrio space attempt to write Hopey and Maggie’s queer bodies into the margins of the neighborhood, the girls’ bodies also queer the space, disrupting the codes that govern it and remapping the barrio. Attending to both the sociopolitical context of the strip and the formal conventions of the comic, the essay shows how the interplay of bodies and space produces a queer urban Aztlán in which alternative forms of sociability and new understandings of familia and Chicana sexuality are enabled.
Ethno-Racial Profiling and State Violence in a Southwest Barrio
Authors: Rubio Goldsmith Pat , Romero Mary , Rubio-Goldsmith Raquel , Escobedo Manuel , Khoury Laura
Published: January 2024

This study, carried out in a barrio neighborhood near the U.S.-Mexican border, uses a structural violence perspective to understand the extent of and individual determinants of mistreatment of residents by immigration authorities. Results indicate that barrio residents are more likely than the U.S. population in general to experience mistreatment at the hands of state authorities. Multivariate analyses indicate that authorities dole out mistreatment especially to people who appear Mexican. Educated Latinos are also frequent targets of mistreatment, and being a native-born or naturalized U.S. citizen offers no protection. These results suggest an institutional pattern of state violence in barrios structured more by racism and nativism than by immigration status.
“Smiling Brown” in the Face of Colorism
Authors: Gastelum Cathy Duarte , Caporale Juvenal , Rodriguez Roberto
Published: January 2024

Privileges and hindrances based on phenotype in the nation’s Latina/o communities continue to be a significant issue that is underresearched. This study analyzed testimonios (n=83) that discussed personal or observed experiences pertaining to skin color and indigeneity. While we did not use a specific framework for the analysis, we found consistent themes of colorism across the testimonios, refl ecting the preference for European-appearing features (light skin, blond hair, blue or green eyes) in society, in the media, and within Latina/o families. The majority of testimonios stated that when the writers were children, light skin color was preferred within their families; however, a small number voiced high levels of pride in dark skin color, an attitude that also was mainly taught in family settings. Findings of within-group racism, historical trauma, and prevalent negative messaging related to darker skin and Indigenous features also emerged. The testimonios provide a voice to persons whose experiences, histories, and traumas have been silenced. By disrupting the discourses of power that favor European features, they potentially serve as a decolonial narrative.
Latino Resentimiento
Authors: Chavez Leo R. , Campos Belinda , Corona Karina , Sanchez Daina
Published: January 2024

Resentment in anti-immigrant and anti-Latino political rhetoric often focuses on perceived demographic changes, white population decline, and economic decline. Resentimiento, by contrast, connotes disgust and anger at mistreatment through hostile words or acts such as those conveyed in negative political rhetoric. To explore the nature of resentimiento, Mexican-origin students at a California university were shown samples of negative (N = 95) or positive (N = 93) statements and visual images about immigrants and Latinos. Their written responses to the negative rhetoric included anger and sadness, feelings of being stigmatized, and bodily reactions. Participants argued that the negative rhetoric suffered from overgeneralizations, racism, and misinformation, and that it failed acknowledge why people migrate, the valiant struggles of families to secure a better life, and the contributions of Latinos and immigrants to US society. The students recast the negative rhetoric as a fl awed and inadequate source of representation and knowledge about them, their families, and their communities. They denied the rhetoric’s epistemological efficacy while at the same time recognizing the emotional toll of being its target.
Firme
Authors: Lavariega Monforti Jessica L. , Michelson Melissa R.
Published: January 2024

Most social movements take years to bring change, and many activists burn out or age out of activism over time. The literature suggests that individuals are often motivated to take action when they feel attacked and decrease their engagement when the threat abates. These expectations are belied by the persistent activism of many millennial Latino immigrants. In 2012, we interviewed fifty Latino undocumented youth in California and Texas about the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program. In 2018, during the Trump presidency, we re-interviewed fifteen of these individuals. We found increased feelings of marginalization, even for those participants who had obtained a more secure immigration status. We also found deepening cynicism about the possibility of immigration reform and about politics in general. Nonetheless, while some participants had changed their mode of activism, most continued to fight for their communities in some way. Their stories challenge traditional theories of political behavior that predict waning engagement and show how millennial Latino immigrants are acting to demand their inclusion and voice in the US political arena.
Zea mays-mediated fabrication and characterization of zinc oxide nanoparticles with enhanced antibacterial and antioxidant properties
Authors:   Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia, Ali M. B. , Elmnasri Kh. ,   Laboratory of bacteriological research, Institute of veterinary research of Tunisia, university of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1006, Tunisia, Haq S. ,   Department of Chemistry, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad 13100, Pakistan, Shujaat Sh. ,   Department of Chemistry, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad 13100, Pakistan, Hfaiedh M. , Abdallah F. B. ,   Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia, Hedfi A. ,   Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia, Mahmoudi E. ,   Research Unit of Active Biomolecules Valorisation, Higher Institute of Applied Biology of Medenine. University of Gabes. 4119 Mednine, Tunisia, Hamouda B. ,   University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR01ES14 Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia, Attia M. B. ,   University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, LR01ES14 Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
Published: January 2024

This study presents the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) using Zea mays leaf extract as a natural reducing and stabilizing agent. The synthesized ZnO-NPs were comprehensively characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). XRD analysis confirmed the crystalline nature of the NPs, while SEM revealed their morphology and size distribution. EDX confirmed the elemental composition of the synthesized ZnO-NPs, and FTIR provided insights into the functional groups involved in NPs formation. The antibacterial activity of ZnO-NPs was evaluated against a selected bacterial strain using the agar well diffusion method. The results demonstrated a zone of inhibition around the wells containing ZnO-NPs, indicating their potential antibacterial efficacy. The antioxidant activity of ZnO-NPs was assessed by their ability to scavenge ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) free radicals. It was found that the scavenging activity got increased with the concentration of ZnO-NPs, indicating their potential as antioxidants.
The Relation Between Parenting Efficacy and Sense of Community Among Adolescents: The Mediating Effects of Perceived Family Relationship and Self-Esteem
Authors:   The Korean Journal of the Human Development, Kim Yoojung , Park Yookyeong , Lee Keumkyu
Published: January 2024

Social crises, such as the global climate crisis, have emphasized the importance of individuals’ psychological mechanisms of responsibility for the community or shared merits and demerits. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the context around adolescents, their internal variables, and the sense of community in ado-lescence when social identity is established. A total of 1,672 pairs of adolescents aged 12 to 17 years (M = 14.95, 900 males, 772 females) and their parents (203 fathers, 1,469 mothers) from the National Survey on Children in Korea were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 and PROCESS macro to conduct sequential mediation effects analysis and bootstrapping tests. First, the direct impact of parenting efficacy on adolescents' sense of community was significant. Second, the sequential mediating effects of adolescents' perceived family relationships and adolescents' self-esteem on the relation between parenting efficacy and adolescents’ sense of community were significant. In other words, when parents feel efficacy, adolescents perceive family relationships positively, and self-esteem leads to a higher level of sense of community. This suggests the importance of interventions that promote parenting efficacy, support adolescents’ primary environments, which are their families, and boost their self-esteem to foster a sense of community.
Development and Application of a Recurrent Learning-Based Early Childhood Media Literacy Education Program
Authors:   The Korean Journal of the Human Development, Kim haekyoung , Park Jungmee , Au yunkyung
Published: January 2024

As the age of starting to use media decreases, early childhood media literacy ed-ucation is becoming an important task. This study aims to develop a circular learn-ing-based early childhood media literacy education program and to explore its influence. By analyzing literature and previous studies on media literacy, a survey of teachers' per-ceptions was conducted. A total of 6 sessions of an early childhood media literacy educa-tion program for 20 children aged 5-year-old were developed and conducted, and quanti-tative changes were measured through repeated measurement analysis before and after the program was implemented. In order to measure the observed process change, a qual-itative analysis was conducted using data such as an observation diary and an activity sheet. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the six components of media literacy were improved. Through the observed changes, children have improved their ability to use the media to express their thoughts and to communicate with others. These results will help children develop the ability to use them safely and effectively in the media environment. Furthermore, a wide range of contents and methods will be needed to in-crease children's media literacy capabilities, and continuous program development and evaluation will be essential.
Isolation and Molecular Screening of Fungus as Agents in Cellulolytic Transformation Materials from Symbiotic Lichen
Authors: Rahardiyan Dino , Moko Emma Mauren
Published: January 2024

The abundance of lignocellulosic waste makes it a potential source for advanced biomaterials through various transformation processes. Lignocellulosic biomass transformation to advanced biomaterials involves enzymes from extracellular metabolites of microorganisms capable of hydrolyzing lignocellulose. This research was to molecularly screen fungi found in symbiotes of lichen endemic to trees growing in North Minahasa (North Sulawesi) with lignocellulolytic transformation enzymes. Molecular screening was conducted from identified fungi isolates based on partial genetical analysis on the locus of Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) of the fungi’s ribosomal DNA. Fungi isolates screening identified Trichoderma koningiopsis (isolate HZA8 and isolate HZA6), Penicillium sumatraense (strain CBS 127365 and strain CBS 130380), Trichoderma hamatum (isolate PAN12-45 and isolate PAN12-05), Aspergillus aculeatus (strain A1.9 18S),  Aspergillus aculeatus (isolate XSD-74), Trichoderma reesei (strain S2606 and isolate 5A14).  Molecular identification and BLAST homology of potentially lignocellulolytic fungi isolates rDNA indicated that isolate KB2 had close relationship with Trichoderma reesei at 100% degree of closeness and an index of cellulolytic activity of 1.19. While isolate KB3 appeared closely related to Aspergillus aculeatus at 99.83% degree of closeness and an index of cellulolytic activity of 1.57. Therefore, the potential of developing bioprocess industries in general and in particular is most probable.
AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF SESAME (Sesamum indicum) UNDER DIFFERENT FERTILIZER MANAGEMENT
Authors: Dollison Mohammad D. , Dollison Beverly Branzuela
Published: January 2024

The sesame crop is one of the earliest crops that is being grown for edible oil purposes. The production performance of this crop is often affected by different factors such as soil fertility, water, and climatic conditions. This study evaluated the performance of sesame under different fertilizer management like animal manure, guano, vermicast, inorganic fertilizer, and no fertilizer application as check plots. The study showed that applying guano fertilizer significantly improved plant height performance 30 to 60 days after planting compared to inorganic fertilizer, other organic fertilizers, and treatments without fertilizer application. The number of capsules per plant produced by sesame was significantly higher with guano fertilizer application compared to treatments without fertilizer application and other organic and inorganic fertilizer sources as treatments. Similarly, the yield performance of sesame under different fertilizer applications resulted in a significant performance over guano fertilizer, with the highest yield obtained compared to other fertilizer management. The different organic and inorganic fertilizers are good sources of essential nutrients for sesame production. Likewise, further study can be conducted using a fertilizer combination, both organic and inorganic, for a better fertilizer management recommendation.
Effect of Ascorbic Acid, Activated Charcoal and Dark Incubation on Browning Intensity of Saurauia bracteosa In Vitro Culture
Authors: Putri Octaviana Ginting Naomi Bastanta , Restiani Ratih , Prasetyaningsih Aniek , Meyga Semarayani Cokorda Istri
Published: January 2024

Saurauia bracteosa, also known as Pirdot, is an endemic woody plant of the Actinidiaceae family with medicinal properties. Its population decline in nature has led to a vulnerable status, prompting conservation efforts, such as in vitro culture. Browning poses a significant challenge in the woody plant in vitro culture. Browning inhibitors such as ascorbic acid, activated charcoal and dark incubation can be used to address this issue. This study aims to determine the effect of ascorbic acid, activated charcoal and incubation conditions on browning inhibition of S.bracteosa. The study employed a Completely Randomized Design with 12 treatments on leaf explants, repeated five times. Observations, including the time of browning formation, percentage of browning, intensity of browning and percentage of live explant were carried out for 30 days and analyzed using ANOVA followed by DMRT. The results showed that the addition of activated charcoal in MS media with dark incubation delayed the browning formation time (12.40 DAI) while the adding ascorbic acid in MS media and dark incubation resulted in the lowest browning intensity (0.22). These research findings can serve as a foundational protocol for browning prevention, supporting the successful in vitro conservation of S. bracteosa.
EL ENFOQUE DE LA ACTIVIDAD FÍSICO-DEPORTIVA PARA PERSONAS CON DISCAPACIDAD INTELECTUAL EN LA FUNDACIÓN PRODIS Y SU RELACIÓN CON LOS VALORES DEL IDEARIO OLÍMPICO
Authors: Martín Domínguez Andrea , Calle Molina María Teresa
Published: January 2024

La presente publicación tiene como base el trabajo de investigación realizado para el Trabajo Fin de Máster (TFM) llevado a cabo durante las prácticas curriculares correspondientes al Máster Universitario en Actividades Físicas y Deportivas para la Inclusión Social de Personas con Discapacidad cursado en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM). Estas prácticas se realizaron durante los meses de febrero a mayo de 2023 en la Fundación Prodis.

Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron, en primer lugar, conocer la utilización de la Actividad Física y el Deporte en las líneas de actuación de la Fundación Prodis, y demostrar, por otra parte, la similitud y paralelismo con el ideario, las motivaciones y las prácticas que estuvieron en la creación del Olimpismo, para concluir que, si bien el ideario olímpico no se manifiesta explícitamente en su documentación y acciones que desarrolla, si se evidencia como una realidad viva en los propósitos y las actividades físicas y el deporte que en dicha fundación llevan a cabo.

El diseño metodológico de la investigación partió de un proceso de recogida de información mediante el Análisis Documental de documentos de la Fundación Prodis, Observaciones de sus actividades y entrevistas a profesionales que prestan en ella sus servicios y fueron previamente identificados y categorizados como fuentes primarias. Después, se realizó la triangulación de las informaciones y los datos obtenidos. El resultado supone una clara exposición de los fundamentos a partir de los cuales la fundación desarrolla sus actividades, una muestra de las mismas, de su cuidadoso y minucioso funcionamiento con la evidencia en el desarrollo de los valores de solidaridad, responsabilidad social y contribución para un mundo más justo. Y, como se ha mencionado, encuentran su paralelismo con el ideario del olimpismo utilizando igualmente como instrumento la actividad físico-deportiva