bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influences on Consumer Engagement with Sustainability and the Purchase Intention of Apparel Products
Authors: La Rosa Ana , Johnson Jorgensen Jennifer
Published: September 2021

Apparel and textile products are filling landfills and contributing to extensive waste found across the world. Much of the textile waste is due to the typical consumer not being aware of the care for, disposal of, and sustainable options for textile products. To identify consumers’ intention to engage in sustainable practices and the intention to purchase sustainable apparel options, this study measured consumers’ attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral controls. Data were collected from a sample of 397 participants through a Qualtrics online survey disseminated on Amazon’s MTurk. Results of the multiple regression analysis yielded three of note: (1) a positive attitude toward recycling and the environment is related to a higher intention to engage in sustainable behavior, (2) a positive attitude toward green apparel products leads to a higher intention to purchase sustainable products, and (3) family and friends and the convenience of finding sustainable apparel products in stores have also influenced the purchase of sustainable apparel. Thus, this study provides significant insights into both intention to engage in sustainable behavior and the intention to purchase sustainable products and serves as a foundation for future studies on the sustainable engagement and purchase intention toward sustainable products.
Counter Corporate Litigation: Remedy, Regulation, and Repression in the Struggle for a Just Transition
Authors: Taylor Mark B.
Published: September 2021

Hundreds of human rights and environmental cases against corporations have been launched in countries around the world in the past two decades. This body of counter corporate litigation—legal actions that involve attempts to enforce legal or normative standards against business entities—forms a significant part of the legal struggles shaping the transition to a sustainable economy. However, the question remains—how does litigation against companies fit with the larger patterns of reform? In this paper, I draw on a taxonomy of sustainability litigation to describe three functions of counter corporate litigation: remedy, the search for justice through legal action; regulation, the enforcement of legal standards through the courts; and repression, the proscription of predatory business models. I argue that research into counter corporate litigation helps to illuminate the priorities for legal reform, including the integration of human rights and the environment into legal instruments governing corporate activities, transnational approaches to corporate accountability, and a willingness to challenge unsustainable business models.
Trends of HIV Mortality between 2001 and 2018: An Observational Analysis
Authors: Jani Chinmay , Patel Kripa , Walker Alexander , Singh Harpreet , Al Omari Omar , Crowley Conor , Marshall Dominic C. , Goodall Richard , Rupal Arashdeep , Salciccioli Justin D. , Shalhoub Joseph
Published: September 2021

Since the beginning of the epidemic in the early 1980s, HIV-related illnesses have led to the deaths of over 32.7 million individuals. The objective of this study was to describe current mortality rates for HIV through an observational analysis of HIV mortality data from 2001 to 2018 from the World Health Organization (WHO) Mortality Database. We computed age-standardized death rates (ASDRs) per 100,000 people using the World Standard Population. We plotted trends using locally weighted scatterplot smoothing (LOWESS). Data for females were available for 42 countries. In total, 31/48 (64.60%) and 25/42 (59.52%) countries showed decreases in mortality in males and females, respectively. South Africa had the highest ASDRs for both males (467.7/100,000) and females (391.1/100,000). The lowest mortalities were noted in Egypt for males (0.2/100,000) and in Japan for females (0.01/100,000). Kyrgyzstan had the greatest increase in mortality for males (+6998.6%). Estonia had the greatest increase in mortality for females (+5877.56%). The disparity between Egypt (the lowest) and South Africa (the highest) was 3042-fold for males. Between Japan and South Africa, the disparity was 43,454-fold for females. Although there was a decrease in mortality attributed to HIV among most of the countries studied, a rising trend remained in a number of developing countries.
Spatial Information Gaps on Deprived Urban Areas (Slums) in Low-and-Middle-Income-Countries: A User-Centered Approach
Authors: Kuffer Monika , Wang Jon , Thomson Dana R. , Georganos Stefanos , Abascal Angela , Owusu Maxwell , Vanhuysse Sabine
Published: September 2021

Routine and accurate data on deprivation are needed for urban planning and decision support at various scales (i.e., from community to international). However, analyzing information requirements of diverse users on urban deprivation, we found that data are often not available or inaccessible. To bridge this data gap, Earth Observation (EO) data can support access to frequently updated spatial information. However, a user-centered approach is urgently required for the production of EO-based mapping products. Combining an online survey and several forms of user interactions, we defined five system specifications (derived from user requirements) for designing an open-access spatial information system for deprived urban areas. First, gridded maps represent the optimal spatial granularity to deal with high uncertainties of boundaries of deprived areas and to protect privacy. Second, a high temporal granularity of 1–2 years is important to respond to the high spatial dynamics of urban areas. Third, detailed local-scale information should be part of a city-to-global information system. Fourth, both aspects, community assets and risks, need to be part of an information system, and such data need to be combined with local community-based information. Fifth, in particular, civil society and government users should have fair access to data that bridges the digital barriers. A data ecosystem on urban deprivation meeting these requirements will be able to support community-level action for improving living conditions in deprived areas, local science-based policymaking, and tracking progress towards global targets such as the SDGs.
Hygroscopic Water Retention and Physio-Chemical Properties of Three In-House Produced Biochars from Different Feedstock Types: Implications on Substrate Amendment in Green Infrastructure
Authors: Bao Xia , Li Manqi , Niu Renjie , Lu Jinling , Panigrahi Sagarika , Garg Ankit , Berretta Christian
Published: September 2021

Recent studies have proposed usage of biochar as a substrate amendment in green infrastructure, such as green roofs and bio-filtration units. However, understanding of the variation in physio-chemical properties of biochar due to the production process and feedstock is still lacking. The present study investigated the effects of pyrolysis temperature and feedstocks on the hygroscopic water content and physio-chemical properties of biochar. Biochars were produced from three feedstock types, invasive vegetation (i.e., water hyacinth), non-invasive vegetation (i.e., wood) and one animal waste (i.e., chicken manure). Biochar was produced at two different pyrolysis temperatures (i.e., 300 °C and 600 °C). Scanning electron microscopy + energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM + EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) were performed on all samples to analyze the surface morphology, pore size, element content, functional groups, and chemical bonds. Relative humidity was adjusted to reflect the biochar’s hygroscopic property by measuring the maximum moisture content at the sample equilibrium state. The characterization reveals that the lowest carbon content (42.78%) was found at 300 °C for water hyacinth biochar (WHB). The highest carbon content (92.14%) was found at 600 °C for wood biochar (WB). As the pyrolysis temperature increased, the mean pore volume (from 0.03 to 0.18 cm3/g) and diameter (from 8.40 to 10.33 nm) of the WHB increased. However, the pore diameter of chicken manure (CB) decreased (from 9.23 nm to 7.53 nm) under an increase in pyrolysis temperature. For a given pyrolysis temperature, the hygroscopicity of WHB was highest among all biochars. With an increase in pyrolysis temperature, the hygroscopicity of biochars changed differently. The hygroscopicity of WHB decreased from 82.41% to 44.33% with an increase of pyrolysis temperature. However, the hygroscopicity of CMB and WB remained unchanged. This study suggests that production process of biochars need to be considered for appropriate selection as substrate material in green infrastructure. Further, it promotes the establishment of commercial production of biochar for usage in green infrastructure.
The European green deal: risks and opportunities for Russia
Authors: Karpovich Oleg Gennadievich , Vilchinskii Anton Sergeevich
Published: September 2021

In December 2019 the European Union presented an ambitious plan called the Green Deal which is aimed at combating climate change. In the EU 2021–2027 budget approved in 2020 about 25 % of the expenditures are allocated for climate projects. Legal framework of the project was established in summer 2021. Its elements can impact seriously the structure and dynamics of the EU's relations with its leading trading partners, including the Russian Federation. The article analyzes the impact the European Green Agenda has on Russia, which has its own approaches to combating climate change. They form an integral part of national development priorities system. Having analyzed the relevant strategic documents, the authors compare the directions of environmental policies of the Russian Federation and the EU. Attention is paid to the goals and objectives, as well as to the proposed tools for reducing and absorbing carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere. The paper also provides a detailed description of the "Fit for 55" package of measures and determines its significance for Russia. The study examines a wide range of economic and political risks for Russia in the mid and long terms. In addition, the consequences of the introduction of a Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism for the fuel and energy complex of the Russian Federation are highlighted. Furthermore, the article presents possible dynamics of a competition in the international energy market amid the implementation of the "Green Deal" and the transition to a low-carbon economy. As a result of the research, possible economic and political measures in internal and external dimensions aimed at mitigating risks are suggested. Moreover, possible ways to improve the effectiveness of combating climate change and the reduction of harmful emissions are put forward. In addition, the research identifies prospects for cooperation in ecology between Russia and the EU.
Anti-Russian trends in Ukraine's foreign policy
Authors: Bocharnikov Igor V. , Ovsyannikova Olga
Published: September 2021

The article analyzes the main stages of the development of the political subjectivity of Ukraine, its formation as an independent state entity. Geographically located within the historical Old Russian principalities, despite its deep historical roots, nevertheless, it belongs to the category of "young" European states, the independent development of which dates back a little more than 30 years. The collapse of the USSR created the conditions for the development of Ukraine as a sovereign state. Nevertheless, the opportunities provided for the effective development of Ukrainian statehood were not realized. The result of ill-conceived, chaotic transformations was the development of crisis processes in all spheres of life of Ukrainian society. A special stage in the development of modern statehood of Ukraine and the implementation of its anti-Russian foreign policy course was the events related to the coup d'etat in Kiev in February 2014. The protests that began in November 2013, related to the suspension of the signing of the Association Agreement with the European Union, eventually led to mass riots and a coup d'etat in Kiev on February 22–23, 2014. After the coup d'etat, the activities of the Ukrainian leadership that came to power are aimed at forming the image of the enemy in the person of Russia, guilty of all the troubles and troubles, the failed "Ukrainian showcase of Europe". The most significant results of the transformation of Ukraine's statehood that followed the coup d'etat were the destruction of the entire spectrum of bilateral relations and ties with Russia, the construction of an enemy image in Russia, progressive Russophobia, an internal political civilizational split in society, discrimination of the population of Ukraine on linguistic and religious grounds, and other destructive political processes. The influence of negative factors on the situation in Ukraine is significantly aggravated by the presence of a complex of unresolved internal political problems that generate a split in Ukrainian society, instability and escalation of tension and conflict. The article defines the main directions of the current stage of development of the Ukrainian state. The main directions of further escalation of the Ukrainian crisis are identified. The main sources and reasons for the implementation of the anti — Russian trend in Ukraine's foreign policy, the implementation of the concept of Ukraine — "Anti-Russia"are revealed.
Mongolian-Russian diplomatic relations: history and prospects
Authors: Dashnyam Amarjargal , Gunchinsharav Bulgantsetseg
Published: September 2021

The article deals with the history and prospects of the development of diplomatic relations between Mongolia and Russia. It is noted that diplomatic relations between the two states have a long history. The author identifies three main stages in the development of diplomatic relations between the two countries. The first stage was the Soviet one (until 1991). It was during this period that the foundations of cooperation between the two states were laid. At the same time, diplomatic relations were supported by broad cooperation in the economic and military-political spheres. Mongolia and Russia have been acting as allies for a long time. At the same time, the USSR acted as a guarantor of Mongolia's independence. The second stage (1991–2000) is characterized by the cooling of bilateral relations, which was due to the processes that took place in the USSR. The third stage (2000 and up to the present) is characterized by the intensification of diplomatic contacts. This is reflected in the frequency of official visits of the heads of state of Mongolia and Russia, as well as heads of diplomatic departments of Mongolia and Russia. The period of the 2000s. it is characterized by the presence of permanent diplomatic contacts between Mongolia and Russia. Their results are expressed in a number of declarations and agreements on cooperation between countries in various fields. Cross-border cooperation is also actively developing. The author notes that the prospects for further development of diplomatic relations between Mongolia and Russia are dictated by the goals of the foreign policy of both countries. The author notes that Mongolia is characterized by the desire to build equally equal relations with all states. Russia, on the contrary, seeks to build cooperation by attracting new member states to interstate associations of various directions. In particular, Russian diplomacy is making efforts to attract Mongolia to participate in the processes taking place within the framework of Eurasian integration. At the same time, the further development of cooperation is considered by the Russian side from the point of view of deepening the processes of Eurasian integration. At the same time, the Mongolian side, in accordance with the provisions of its foreign policy concept, does not seek to join any political associations. The author concludes that considering the prospects for further development of diplomatic relations between Mongolia and Russia, it is necessary to take into account the differences in approaches to the implementation of foreign policy between the two countries.
High-tech export of the Russian Federation: current state and key trends
Authors: Rodigina Natalya Jurievna , Obuhovskaya Liudmila Anatolievna , Kirtoake Oxana Eduardovna
Published: September 2021

Nowadays countries are focused on the development of high-techology industries, which will allow them to increase their competitiveness. However, Russia specializes in the export of raw materials and goods with a low degree of processing. In this regard, one of the key aims of Russia is to develop high-technoligy production and expand its presence in the markets of goods with a high degree of processing. The abstract reveals the export of high-technology goods and services. The article analyzes position of the Russian Federation in the world market of high-technology goods and services. Russia specializes in the export of such high-technology goods as aerospace production, nuclear technologies and weapons. Russia specializes in the export of such high-technology services as telecommunications, computer and information services, professional and consulting services, engineering services, services in technical fields and in the field of architecture. Special attention is paid to the promising directions of high-technology exports, the importers of Russian high-technology products and trends in exports and imports of high-technology goods as well as trends in exports of high-technology services. For example, Russia should develop exports of such high-technology goods as jet engines, nuclear reactors and their components, fuel rods, nuclear technologies and weapons. The most promising export directions from the machine-building industry are vehicles and equipment production. Russia should focus on the export of such high-technology services as information, telecommunications, computers, professional and consulting services. To stimulate the export of these services, it is necessary to create a favorable business climate in Russia, eliminate the shortage of specialists in the field of ICT, as well as improve the quality of their training.
Interregionalismo y Acuerdos de Asociación UE - América Latina y el Caribe
Authors: Gómez Arantza
Published: September 2021

Los acuerdos entre la Unión Europea (UE) y América Latina se han desarrollado desde los años noventa en etapas económicas dispares por diversos motivos. Los primeros, como el Acuerdo con Chile o el Acuerdo con México, se produjeron en circunstancias económicas de crecimiento en la UE, con una estabilidad política mundial en aumento desde el final de la Guerra Fría, y con Estados Unidos como principal competidor comercial. Sin embargo, desde finales de la década de 2000, las sucesivas crisis económicas creadas por la crisis financiera, la del euro, el ascenso del euroescepticismo, la pandemia, la vuelta al proteccionismo y la consolidación de China a escala internacional -poniendo fin a la unipolaridad hegemónica de Estados Unidos— implica que la UE necesita más que nunca desarrollar acuerdos de asociación con otras regiones y países, incluyendo a los de América Latina y el Caribe. De hecho, cabe considerar que, si la UE no es capaz de establecer acuerdos con países con valores económicos y políticos similares a los suyos, apenas tendrá posibilidades de suscribir otros con países distintos; por lo que su futuro económico podría estar en una situación delicada.
SUICIDIO: REVISIÓN DE ASPECTOS NEUROBIOLÓGICOS
Authors: Echeverry-Quintero Yulieth , Aristizabal Olga , Barraza Francisco , Aristizabal-Morroy Andrea , Martinez José , Montoya-Cano Gladys Patricia
Published: September 2021

Revisión bibliográfica en la que se enfoca el tema del suicidio en la búsqueda de las bases neurobiológicas que traten de dar una explicación sobre las razones mediante las cuales los individuos llegan a esta situación extrema, queesatentarcontrasupropiavida.Losprincipalesfundamentosvandesdeelefectodelalcohol,larelaciónconel colesterol y los receptores de serotonina y en años recientes se ha tratado de identificar un factor genético para poder justificar este problema de salud que está afectando principalmente a los países latinoamericanos, en mujeres que buscan una solución a sus problemas, en una población adolescente (entre 15 a 24 años) con mayor vulnerabilidad y también en los hombres mayores debido a desempleo y divorcio. Necesitándose en la actualidad de la participación de un equipo multidisciplinario para tratar este problema de salud publica cada vez en aumento.
Prática de Modelagem Matemática nos anos iniciais
Authors: Gomes Joice Caroline Pierobon , Silva Karina Alessandra Pessoa da
Published: September 2021

As interpretações evidenciadas neste artigo emergem da investigação acerca da formação continuada de professoras dos Anos Iniciais em Modelagem Matemática. Neste ínterim buscamos investigar como uma professora dos anos iniciais participante de um grupo colaborativo lida com atividades de Modelagem Matemática em três etapas de formação – planejamento, ação e reflexão. A partir dos dados coletados analisamos, por meio da metodologia de análise de dados, árvore de associação de ideias (SPINK, 2010, 2013), interpretações que revelaram ações da professora que junto ao modelo de formação apresentaram indícios de práticas consideradas tradicionalistas, mas em que, ao longo dos encontros, um movimento de ruptura com o modelo tradicional de ensino da Matemática foi instaurado, dando espaço a uma disposição à adoção da Modelagem Matemática em suas práticas de sala de aula.
Diversidade funcional do fitoplâncton em reservatórios em cascata e funções ecossistêmicas associadas
Authors:   , Resende Nathália da Silva
Published: September 2021

Compreender os padrões de distribuição de espécies no ambiente e qual o papel que elas desempenham no ecossistema constitui um dos grandes desafios da ecologia. As comunidades planctônicas podem ser utilizadas como indicadores biológicos no monitoramento de ambientes aquáticos, uma vez que sinalizam mudanças nos ecossistemas através de alterações em sua estrutura, composição e metabolismo A abordagem funcional, baseada no uso de traços funcionais das espécies como descritores, sinaliza de forma mais abrangente alterações nas funções ecossistêmicas, como produção primária e transferência de energia para demais níveis tróficos. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo foi explorar como as mudanças na composição taxonômica da comunidade fitoplanctônica se refletem em mudanças nos traços funcionais das comunidades em reservatórios em cascata. A principal hipótese era de que a diversidade taxonômica e funcional da comunidade fitoplanctônica seria diferente entre os três reservatórios, sendo a variação espacial mais explicativa que a variação temporal para as mudanças na estrutura e composição do fitoplâncton. O estudo foi realizado ao longo de 6 anos (2013-2018) em três reservatórios em cascata ao longo do Rio Paraibuna, bacia do Rio Paraíba do Sul. Não houve uma separação na distribuição dos pontos por reservatórios em termos de variáveis ambientais, de forma que esses se mantiveram sobrepostos durante todo o período amostrado. No entanto, foi observado variação sazonal ao longo dos 6 anos estudados. Os dois reservatórios mais à montante apresentaram características muito semelhantes em termos de composição taxonômica do fitoplâncton e zooplâncton. O último reservatório da cascata, no entanto, apresentou maior diversidade para ambos os grupos. O traço arranjo unicelular foi aquele com maior contribuição em todos os reservatórios. No entanto presença de estrutura de sílica e mixotrofia tiveram uma considerável representatividade. A riqueza funcional também variou entre os reservatórios. Da mesma forma, a relação entre o índice de Shannon e o CWM se mostrou positiva para os reservatórios à montante, indicando uma tendência entre o aumento da diversidade e o CWM. Por outro lado, não foi possível observar uma tendência no reservatório à jusante. Os resultados mostraram que mudanças na estrutura da comunidade fitoplanctônica alteraram a contribuição dos traços funcionais desta comunidade nos ecossistemas, com potenciais impactos para os níveis tróficos superiores (zooplâncton) e funções ecossistêmicas associadas. Ainda, houve mudanças na estrutura e composição da comunidade zooplanctônica, indicando que a qualidade do recurso alimentar pode ser um fator direcionante para essa comunidade. Por fim, características espaciais dos sistemas, como sua posição no sistema em cascata foi um fator determinante para estrutura da comunidade fitoplanctônica.
Cenário macroevolutivo das nuances do parasitismo em Ciliophora
Authors:   , Costa Fabiola da Silva
Published: September 2021

Esse estudo contribuiu para o entendimento sobre as relações evolutivas ligadas ao parasitismo e suas nuances para o filo Ciliophora. Investigou o tempo e o modo de evolução dos ciliados simbiontes (mutualistas e parasitos) e traçou hipóteses associadas ao modo de evolução das diferentes categorias (vida livre, mutualismo e parasitismo). Utilizando uma amostragem taxonômica ampla do gene 18S-rDNA, foram realizadas inferências filogenéticas e de tempo de divergência a partir de registros fósseis primários dos ciliados, com o objetivo de investigar o cenário macroevolutivo e mapear o estado ancestral e as transições das associações ecológicas em todo o filo Ciliophora. Utilizando ferramentas moleculares e filogenéticas, os resultados corroboram a hipótese proposta anteriormente de que os ciliados parasitos podem ter surgido de ciliados de vida livre. No entanto, nossos resultados acrescentaram uma segunda rota, a qual sugere que os ciliados parasitos evoluiram através de ciliados que desenvolvem relações de menor dependência metabólica. Além disso, o presente estudo sugere que as relações simbióticas podem ter levado a um aumento na taxa de diversificação do filo. Quando a relação simbiótica é benéfica, particada por ciliados mutualistas, esse aumento da taxa de diversificação é ainda maior do que seus congêneres, os ciliados parasitos. Levantar uma hipótese única que explique o aumento na taxa de diversificação para os ciliados simbiontes, não se mostrou favorável, devido à diversidade de relações ecológicas encontradas nesse filo e o número reduzido de dados morfológicos e ecológicos disponíveis. Porém, acredita-se que as mudanças na taxa macroevolutiva podem estar relacionadas ao alcance de novos ambientes, e consequentemente melhores condições, à aquisição de novas características, e, também, ao tipo de ciclo de vida desses organismos. O presente estudo indica a necessidade de se aplicar esforços em estudos de cunho morfológico, principalmente aqueles relacionados ao ciclo de vida dos ciliados simbiontes.
As origens da desconstrutividade pragmática de Nāgārjuna: as fontes do Catuṣkoṭi nos Nikāyas
Authors:   , Fernandes Pedro da Costa
Published: September 2021

O principal objetivo deste trabalho é investigar e compreender o uso de instrumentos lógicoargumentativos subordinados ao empreendimento soteriológico exposto pelo Buda. Para este fim, utilizou-se a obra Mūlamadhyamakakārikā de Nāgārjuna (150-250 EC) como um ponto de partida, atentando especialmente para seu uso do tetralema (catuṣkoṭi) como um instrumento pedagógico que visa efetivar a soteriologia em duas dimensões, (i) desconstrutiva e (ii) pragmática. Buscou-se levantar exemplos do uso desse instrumento lógico na textualidade budista mais antiga acessível (Nikāyas) de modo que sua aplicabilidade e desdobramentos pudessem ser estudados em seu contexto nativo como uma forma incipiente do que viria a ser consolidado posteriormente como método. As implicações levantadas incluem a noção de um discurso paraontológico cujo desvelamento da realidade por meio da linguagem constitui uma função secundária, como efeito da libertação do sofrimento (duḥkha).
SOME ASPECTS OF IMPORT SUBSTITUTION IN THE DOMESTIC SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT FOR THE DESIGN OF ANTENNA-FEEDER DEVICES
Authors: НИКОЛАЕВА В.Я. , ЛУЧИН Д.В. , ТРОФИМОВ А.П. , ФИЛИППОВ Д.В. , ЮДИН В.В.
Published: September 2021

Рассматриваются вопросы импортозамещения при создании отечественного программного обеспечения для проектирования антенно-фидерных устройств. Обозначены основные аспекты проблемы: импортозамещение при создании вычислительных ядер (решение электродинамических задач,задач анализа цепей СВЧ,расчет антенных характеристик и т.д.)и импортозамещение при создании пользовательских интерфейсов и средств электродинамического моделирования. Дается оценка состояния вопроса в отечественной теории и практике в указанных областях. С общих позиций анализируется круг задач, требующих решения для обеспечения процессов импортозамещения. Оцениваются возможности и перспективы реализации данных процессов на практике.

The problems of import substitution in the domestic software development for the design of antenna-feeder devices are considered. The main aspects of the import substitution problem are outlined: calculation kernel design (electrodynamic simulation problem, RF-circuit analysis problem, antenna performance definition problem, etc.), user interface design, and electrodynamic modeling tools. The assessment of the state in the domestic theory and practice in these areas is given. From a general point of view, the authors analyze the range of tasks that need to be solved to ensure import substitution processes. The possibilities and prospects for the implementation of these processes in practice are evaluated.
APPLICATION OF THE HILBERT TRANSFORMER FOR SHAPING POLARIZATION-SEPARATED RADIO WAVES OF THE HIGH-FREQUENCY RANGE
Authors: БАРАБОШИН А.Ю. , ЛУЧИН Д.В. , МАСЛОВ Е.Н.
Published: September 2021

Рассматривается способ формирования поляризационно-разнесенных радиоволн ДКМВ-диапазона при организации системы MIMO2^2 с использованием компактных турникетных антенн. Приведены результаты оценки эффективности применения поляризационного разнесения, а также сравнительной производительности и помехоустойчивости предложенного и иных способов организации подобных систем. Показаны преимущества использования разработанного технического решения.

A method for the formation of polarization-separated HF radio waves in the MIMO2x2 system using compact turnstile antennas is considered. The results of evaluating the effectiveness of the use of polarization diversity, as well as the comparative performance and noise immunity of the proposed and other methods of organizing such systems are presented. The advantages of applying the developed technical solution are shown.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Penerima Bantuan Pandemi Menggunakan Metode AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process)
Authors: Lumbantoruan Sister P
Published: September 2021

Pandemi Covid-19 telah ditetapkan sebagai pandemi global oleh Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia (WHO). Dampak pandemi yang terjadi terhadap perekonomian Indonesia mendorong pemerintah untuk memberikan perhatian besar terhadap masyarakat di lapisan bawah dengan mengadakan program bantuan. Adanya simpang siur mengenai ketidak tepat sasaran bantuan tersebut sehingga peneliti memikirkan untuk menggangkat judul Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Penentuan Penerima Bantuan Pandemi Menggunakan Metode AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) sehingga penerima bantuan dapat ditentukan berdasarkan kriteria- kriteria yang ditetapkan menggunakan sistem yang diterapkan dengan metode AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process). Hasil yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini adalah penerapan metode AHP dimana setiap kriteria dan alternatif dinilai berdasarkan tingkat kepentingan masing- masing dan dilakukan perbandingan berpasangan setiap kriteria dan alternatif sehingga diperoleh bobot masing- masing kriteria dan alternatif. Berdasarkan bobot tersebut dari 5 alternatif kepala keluarga calon penerima bantuan 3 kepala keluarga dinyatakan layak menerima bantuan.

Kata Kunci: Bantuan, Pandemi, AHP.

Pandemi Covid-19 telah ditetapkan sebagai pandemi global oleh Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia (WHO). Dampak pandemi yang terjadi terhadap perekonomian Indonesia mendorong pemerintah untuk memberikan perhatian besar terhadap masyarakat di lapisan bawah dengan mengadakan program bantuan. Adanya simpang siur mengenai ketidak tepat sasaran bantuan tersebut sehingga peneliti memikirkan untuk menggangkat judul Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Penentuan Penerima Bantuan Pandemi Menggunakan Metode AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) sehingga penerima bantuan dapat ditentukan berdasarkan kriteria- kriteria yang ditetapkan menggunakan sistem yang diterapkan dengan metode AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process). Hasil yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini adalah penerapan metode AHP dimana setiap kriteria dan alternatif dinilai berdasarkan tingkat kepentingan masing- masing dan dilakukan perbandingan berpasangan setiap kriteria dan alternatif sehingga diperoleh bobot masing- masing kriteria dan alternatif. Berdasarkan bobot tersebut dari 5 alternatif kepala keluarga calon penerima bantuan 3 kepala keluarga dinyatakan layak menerima bantuan.
Musicogramas dinámicos: acuario de la suite del carnaval de los animales (Saint Saens)
Authors: Galera Núñez María del Mar , de Frutos Domínguez Rocío
Published: September 2021

En este musicograma se presenta uno de los temas que conforman la suite del Carnaval de los Animales compuesta por Saint Saens. Esta suite fue compuesta por Saint Saens para un grupo reducido de instrumentos, pero en ocasiones es interpretada por una orquesta. Es una obra de música programática que se presenta como un desfile zoológico, en el que los diferentes animales son representados por cada una de las pequeñas piezas que la componen. Acuario es una de ellas. Esta obra está a cargo de un grupo de cámara compuesto por pianos, instrumentos de cuerda, una flauta y el glockenspiel que interpretan una melodía misteriosa, representando a diversos peces flotando dentro de un acuario. La forma musical sigue una estructura A B A B A´ coda. La sección A es suave y la melodía corre a cargo de la flauta. La sección B se establece como una sección de progresiones modulatorias a cargo del piano. En la sección A´ la segunda parte presenta una melodía claramente diferente a la que se oía en la sección A que contrasta con la primera. La coda toma material de la sección B en una progresión de movimientos melódicos descendentes que concluyen en la tónica.

En el proyecto Musicogramas dinámicos las alumnas y alumnos del grado de Educación Infantil dentro de la asignatura de Formación Musical, generaron musicogramas de determinadas piezas instrumentales. Se han seleccionado piezas que se consideran adecuadas para la escucha activa en la etapa de infantil y que por tanto, no superan los tres minutos de duración. Los diferentes recursos elaborados contienen animaciones que representan la forma musical de la pieza y algunas de sus características musicales más destacadas.
Musicogramas dinámicos: danza barroca (Valentín Haussman)
Authors: Galera Núñez María del Mar , de Frutos Domínguez Rocío
Published: September 2021

En este musicograma se presenta un tipo de danza catkanei compuesta por el compositor Valentín Haussmann. Este compositor vivió durante el s.XVI en Alemania y fue el responsable de importar la canción italiana a su país, contribuyendo al desarrollo de la música instrumental allí. Esta pieza tiene un carácter bailable y presenta una forma musical compuesta por tres secciones A B C que contrastan entre sí solamente por el material melódico, pues tanto los timbres utilizados como la dinámica se mantienen homogéneos en cada una de las partes.

En el proyecto Musicogramas dinámicos las alumnas y alumnos del grado de Educación Infantil dentro de la asignatura de Formación Musical, generaron musicogramas de determinadas piezas instrumentales. Se han seleccionado piezas que se consideran adecuadas para la escucha activa en la etapa de infantil y que por tanto, no superan los tres minutos de duración. Los diferentes recursos elaborados contienen animaciones que representan la forma musical de la pieza y algunas de sus características musicales más destacadas.
The effect of COVID on Oral Reading Fluency during the 2020-2021 Academic Year
Authors: Domingue Benjamin , Dell Madison , Lang David Nathan , Silverman Rebecca Deffes , Yeatman Jason D , Hough Heather
Published: September 2021

Education has faced unprecedented disruption during the COVID pandemic. Understanding how students have adapted as we have entered a different phase of the pandemic and some communities have returned to more typical schooling will inform a suite of policy interventions and subsequent research. We use data from an oral reading fluency assessment-a rapid assessment taking only a few minutes that measures a fundamental reading skill-to examine COVID’s effects on children’s reading ability during the pandemic. We find that students in the first 200 days of the 2020-2021 school year tended to experience slower growth in ORF relative to pre-pandemic years. We also observed slower growth in districts with a high percentage of English language learners (ELLs) and/or students eligible for free and reduced-price lunch (FRL).
The Optimization of Transportation Costs in Logistics Enterprises during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sang Thai Thanh , Minh Thu Nguyen , Hoang Khoi Truong , Thi Kim Huong Nguyen , Lan Le Thi Ngoc , Van Thanh Nguyen
Published: September 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on every industry globally, especially the transportation industry being severely disrupted. With people's travel demand at an all-time low, maintaining the country's transportation infrastructure is crucial to ensure the movement of essential goods. However, the Vietnamese government’s decision to apply social distancing measures to limit and prevent the spread of the disease has generated extreme challenges in the freight transport industry, which have harmed the Vietnamese economy by restricting levels of business activity, causing the movement and distribution of essential commodities to be halted. Based on the practical needs of transportation enterprises, this study proposes a low-cost freight allocation strategy using mix-integer linear programming approaches to ensure an efficient operation for businesses in order to resume normal operations in the context of the Covid-19 epidemic's complex development. The research focuses on developing a mathematical model with an objective function that minimizes total cost and associated constraints. The findings of the study point to the development of a solution that solves businesses problems in determining the optimal transportation plan and assist in making decisions on allocating goods to suitable locations, ensuring the quantity of serving the needs of each district in Ho Chi Minh City, minimizing transportation time while still saving costs. Furthermore, the article aids a decision-making process for other transportation industries.
EFFECTIVENESS OF AN EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM ABOUT BIOLOGICAL HAZARD SAFETY MEASURES KNOWLEDGE AMONG CRITICAL CARE NURSES
Authors: Abdalla Yasmin
Published: September 2021

Background: communicable and contagious diseases and exposure to blood-borne pathogens make critical care nurses expose to biological work place hazard. The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of an educational program on critical care nurses' knowledge about safety measures of biological hazard. Methodology: It was a pre/post interventional, hospital-based study, study subjects were 200 intensive care nurses (34 males 17% and 166 females 83%) working for one year or more in critical care settings (8 units) in ve public hospitals, Khartoum state, Sudan. A structured face to face questionnaire was used pre and posttest. A program done by lectures about biological hazard, causes, and safety measures, sitting group's discussion and direct individual educational sessions, interview was carried with each hospital's matron. Results: Knowledge about biological hazard as work place hazards was 100% in both pre and post results. Regarding preventive measures of biological hazard, participants showed different values in answer like uses of personal protective equipment (PPE) mentioned by 99% in preprogram test while hand washing was mentioned by 49.5% in pretest evaluation, Personal protective equipment was poorly provided. Conclusion: The educational program for critical care nurses had efcient results, as the noticeable improvement of results of critical care nurses' knowledge about universal precautions.
ASSOCIATION OF SERUM LIPID LEVELS WITH DIABETIC RETINOPATHY
Authors: Jyothirmai Tammana , Pushpa P. Beaulah , Aparna Maridi , Meenakshi Vepa
Published: September 2021

AIM:To study the association of serum lipids with retinal hard exudates formation, occurrence of
clinically signicant macular oedema (CSME) and severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in type 2
diabetes
METHODS:Type 2 diabetic patients seeking ocular evaluation for diabetic retinopathy were included in this cross-sectional
study. They were assessed for presence and severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR), presence of hard exudates, clinically
signicant macular oedema (CSME) .Retinal ndings were correlated to serum lipids levels .
RESULTS:Totally 100 patients were included, of which 42/100 had diabetic retinopathy of any grade. Retinal hard exudates
formation was found to have statistically signicant correlation with the presence of dyslipidemia (p=0.02), increased
cholesterol (p=0.002) and LDL levels (p=0.001). The occurrence of CSME showed a statistically signicant correlation with
dyslipidemia (p=0.04) and increased LDL levels (p=0.04). Neither occurrence of dyslipidemia nor the increased levels of the
various components of serum lipids showed a statistically signicant correlation with high Triglyceride levels or Low HDL-C or
increasing severity of diabetic retinopathy
CONCLUSION:Elevated serum lipids showed a signicant association with retinal hard exudate formation, CSME in type 2
diabetics. Lipid lowering agents may help in reducing the occurrence of these retinal ndings in diabetic patients.
OUTCOMES IN DOUBLE TENSION BAND OSTEOSYNTHESIS IN DISTAL HUMERUS FRACTURES AO TYPE C1
Authors: V. Popere Sanjay , R. Shete Mohit , S. Vakil Siddharth , Kulkarni Abhay , Pandav Karan
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Distal humeral fractures accounts for approximately 2% of all fractures and nearly onethird of humeral fractures in adults. In this regard, Double Tension Band Wiring (DTBW) technique was
used for the xation of the distal humeral fractures type C1 (AO) to evaluate the early movement and complications of the
patients.
Methodology: This study was conducted on 38 patients of C1 (AO type)who were subjected to open reduction and internal
xation using DTBW techniques, to evaluate the incidence of complications and to evaluate intraoperative parameters and
postoperative functional outcomes over a period of 12 months.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 43.7 years. The mean tourniquet time was 76 minutes. The mean union time was
11.4 weeks and the mean duration of the follow-ups was 13.72 months. The mean values for the lack of extension, exion, and
range of motion were 12.24o, 120.9o, and 108.2o respectively. Neuropraxia was observed in 1 patient who was treated with
conservative treatment. Mean MEPS score was 80.15. 17 patients had excellent scores , 12 had good scores and 9 had fair
scores. None had poor scores. Hardware prominence was observed in 1 case which was treated with hardware removal after
union was achieved. Hardware removal was performed 6 months after the surgery. Moreover, patients were diagnosed with no
serious complications, such as the nonunion of fracture site, malunions, and deep infection. The radiological examination of
the patients revealed the success of their treatment.
Conclusions: Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that DTBW is an effective technique in AO type C1 fracture
xation, which allows gentle early motion. Moreover, this cost-effective technique decreased the surgery duration, tourniquet
time, and damage caused by soft tissue stripping.
TO STUDY THE CYTOMORPHOLOGICAL PATTERNS OF TUBERCULAR LYMPHADENOPATHY AND ITS HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CORRELATION
Authors: Sharma Rashmi , Gogania Poonum , Pachori Geeta , Bharadwaj Akhilesh
Published: September 2021

INTRODUCTION: Tubercular lymphadenopathy is one of the common clinical problems. Practically
diagnosis of tuberculosis sometimes creates a challenge to the pathologist and clinician. A combined
approach of cytology with aid of special stain and histopathological evaluation helps to conrm the diagnosis.
AIM -The present study was carried out to evaluate the different cytological patterns of tuberculous lymphadenitis along with
utility of special stain like Acid fast stain and further histopathological evaluation.
MATERIAL AND METHOD: Smears from 833 cytologically diagnosed cases of tubercular lymphadenitis were prepared and
stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E), Giemsa and Acid-fast stain. All the smears were categorized into four
cytomorphological patterns and correlated with 250 histopathologically available cases.
RESULT: Tuberculosis is the major cause of lymphadenopathy. Majority of cases (63 %) were in their second to third decades of
life, with male to female ratio of 1:1.4. Cervical region was the most common site of involvement (83.5 %). Smear revealed
epithelioid granulomas with caseous necrosis in maximum cases (46.9 %). AFB positivity was seen highest in smear revealing
necrosis only with or without epithelioid cell (93,8 %). histopathological correlation was seen in 248 cases out of 250 available
cases.
CONCLUSION: FNAC has been proved very safe, highly sensitive, and rst line investigation in diagnosing tubercular
lymphadenitis. The approach to tubercular lymphadenitis attains completeness with cytopathological, Acid Fast stain and
histopathological evaluation.
RESPIRATORY ARREST DURING MONITORED ANAESTHESIA CARE
Authors: Vashist Vishal , Gupta Bhanu
Published: September 2021

We report a 72 year-old, American Society of Anaesthesiologist Class II(ASA II), male patient scheduled
for burr hole and evacuation for Chronic Sub Dural Haematoma. He went into a 70 minute apnea and
complete muscle paralysis after receiving midazolam(1.0 mg) and fentanyl (50 μg) intravenously for sedation and analgaesia
necessitating respiratory support until recovery . Conclusion : Midazolam and fentanyl should be used with utmost caution in
elderly as combination of both can lead to respiratory arrest necessitating respiratory support until full recovery