bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of anti-interleukin 5 therapy in hypereosinophilic syndrome: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Masood Saad , Paracha Muhammad Rafay , Ahmed Sophia , Malik Maha , Khalid Abdur Rehman , Khalid Muhammad Hamza , Fatima Laveeza , Nasir Beena Muntaha , Rahman Shafiq Ur , Khan Komal , Ahmad Farooq
Published: February 2025

Background: Hypereosinophilic syndromes (HES) are marked by persistent eosinophilia, absence of a primary cause, and evidence of eosinophil-mediated organ damage. HES presents a spectrum of clinical manifestations, with prognosis and treatment varying based on the subtype,
including myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms and chronic eosinophilic leukemia, not otherwise specified. The primary treatment goal is to reduce eosinophil levels to prevent organ damage, typically by using glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive agents. However, these treatments often have limited
efficacy and considerable adverse effects. Objective: Given the central role of interleukin (IL) 5 in eosinophil development and survival, this study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of anti‐IL-5 therapies in patients with HES. Methods: A
systematic literature search was conducted on two data bases. The primary outcome was the reduction in absolute eosinophil count, and secondary outcomes included the incidence of flares and adverse events. Data Analysis was conducted, and forest plots were made for each outcome. Results:
Four trials were included in the analysis. Ninety-five percent of the patients in the anti‐IL-5 group showed a reduction in the absolute eosinophil count compared with 41% in the placebo group (risk ratio [RR] 2.32 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.67‐3.22]; p = <0.00001;
tau statistic (I2) = 0%). Anti‐IL-5 therapy was associated with a lower incidence of disease flares, with 15% of the patients in the anti‐IL-5 group who experienced flares compared with 30% in the placebo group (RR 0.50 [95% CI, 0.31‐0.86]; p = 0.01; I2
= 0%). The incidence of adverse events was similar between the two groups (RR 0.99 [95% CI, 0.91‐1.07]; p = 0.81; I2 = 0%). Conclusion: Anti‐IL-5 therapies are effective in reducing eosinophil count and preventing disease flares in patients with
HES.
Installation Report
Authors: Graham John
Published: February 2025

Within the form and structure of North American cities, parking lots physically fragment social space and are mainly characterized by their utility and relation to commodified land practices. Like other "under used" urban sites, integrating these open spaces with both the natural and social features of urban environments potentially offer desirable opportunities for modest community based redevelopment projects.
[...]
Castle Pass, 8000 ft
Authors: Beyers Joanna
Published: February 2025

Mid-afternoon of the last daywaiting for the first stir of the helicopter[...]
The Gendered Construction of Science
Authors: Block Amy
Published: February 2025

Since the advent of the scientific revolution, science has been purported to transcend the realm of the social. In the Western world, this is a luxury only science to enjoy. lndeed, our tolerance seems to be built into the very foundations of the scientific methodology itself: scientific methods are selected such that all values are excluded from inquiry. The thinking follows that, when used properly, scientific method generates observations that are "objective" and results that are truly "value-free'. In light of the meaning that science imparts, forging a connection between gender and science presents itself as an immediate paradox; to unearth the issues which surround thb notion inevitably entails a kind of intellectual revolution. For feminist critiques of science, the task at hand is not an easy one. [...]
Techno-nature on Graham Island, Haida Gwaii
Authors: Ivakhiv Adrian
Published: February 2025

I came to these islands at the edge of the world looking for nature, pure and pristine. Before me a century of settlers had come, bringing with them first plows (which they left and abandoned), then cars (which they left and abandoned). (Some of those cars still drive, but when word gets around that a police cruiser is visiting from the mainland, the more beat-up jalopies, unlicensed & uninsured, hide out until the roads are safe for them again.) I came armed with notebook, to do research. Instead I sunk into the moss, the dense, misty wetness of the earth. Like these cars, excess and refuse of industrial civilization, driven as far as they could go, then left stranded, refugees, on these islands, to be reclaimed by nature.
Crossing Boundaries with Instinct
Authors: MacEachren Zabe
Published: February 2025

The mythtellers understood that the natural world is full of discrete beings, each entity differentiated from the rest of the world. They knew, probably better than we do, that a living thing acquires its energy by means of exchanges across a boundary, so that the living thing remains distinct from its environment, yet interacts continuously with it. [...]
land/slide
Authors: Hughes Sheila Hassell
Published: February 2025

headin' downhead first[...]
Identification of the Presence of Pumice Stone Based on Georadar Data and Geoelectric Resistivity Data in Ampenan District and Sekarbela District, Mataram City
Authors: Arsi Sefti Dini , Farid Muhammad , Refrizon Refrizon
Published: February 2025

This study was conducted to identify the presence and distribution of pumice resulting from the 1257 AD eruption of Mount Samalas in the Ampenan and Sekarbela Districts of Mataram City. The research is significant because pumice serves as a volcanic indicator that greatly influences soil characteristics and the local environment. The study aims to map the distribution of pumice and to examine its subsurface dispersal, particularly in coastal areas. Georadar and geoelectric resistivity methods were employed—two geophysical techniques that measure the electrical response of the subsurface, thereby detecting changes in resistivity and conductivity indicative of volcanic material such as pumice. The results reveal that pumice is uniformly distributed at depths of 0–9 meters and is intermixed with gravel, silt, and sand. In the study area, the soil layer is predominantly sandy, likely due to its coastal location. This research underscores the importance of using geophysical methods to map the distribution of volcanic materials in shallow layers, especially in areas affected by volcanic eruptions.
Optimizing Doppler Ultrasound Parameters: The Study of Insonation Angle, PRF, and Dynamic Range in Blood Flow Assessment
Authors: Oktamuliani Sri , Ishii Takuro , Saijo Yoshifumi
Published: February 2025

Doppler ultrasound is critical in medical diagnostics for evaluating blood flow and detecting vascular conditions. Accurate blood flow velocity measurements depend on insonation angle, Pulse Repetition Frequency (PRF), and dynamic range. This study optimizes these parameters to enhance Doppler ultrasound performance and diagnostic accuracy. A Xario-100 ultrasound machine and the Doppler 403TM flow phantom were used to evaluate the effects of insonation angle, PRF, and dynamic range on measurement accuracy. Insonation angles of 0o and 60o were tested to assess their impact on aliasing and precision. At 0o, significant aliasing occurred, while 90o, aliasing was minimized. PRF settings were adjusted from 14,000 Hz to 17,900 Hz, with higher PRF extending the Nyquist Velocity from 9.8 cm/s to 37.4 cm/s, reducing aliasing and improving high-flow measurement clarity in the dynamic range from 30 dB to 60 dB, with optimal contrast observed at 50 dB. Histogram analysis revealed a balanced pixel intensity distribution at 50 dB, enhancing the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR). The findings demonstrate an insonation angle of 60o, at PRF 17,900 Hz, and a dynamic range of 50 dB optimal Doppler ultrasound performance. Standardizing these parameters can improve diagnostic accuracy, supporting better patient outcomes in clinical practice.
Sentiment Analysis And Topic Modelling Of Candidate News In The 2024 General Election On Twitter Social Media Using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) Method
Authors: Ramadhan Syahrul , Siswanto Teddy , Sari Syandra
Published: February 2025

The use of Twitter as a platform to express public opinion regarding fuel subsidies in Indonesia. Through sentiment analysis using Support Vector Machine method and word-based lexicon, this study reveals that the majority of people are in favour of fuel price increase or subsidy policy change. The sentiment data obtained from this research, which includes positive, neutral and negative sentiments, provides a clear picture of the public's views on the issue. SVM classification method and validation with K-Fold Cross Validation were used to ensure the accuracy of sentiment analysis results obtained from Twitter data.
This research is also expected to help society to gauge public opinion on news and candidates in elections. It helps understand how people respond to certain political issues and candidates and the results of sentiment analysis and topic modelling can provide a better understanding of the key issues that matter to voters. This can help candidates and political parties to craft more effective campaign messages and can also be used to detect hoaxes or false information that may spread on social media during elections. This is important for maintaining the integrity of the election.
Peningkatan Akurasi Sistem Pemantauan Suhu Dan Kelembapan Pada Laboratorium Pengujian Benih Tanaman Menggunakan Inversi Regresi Linier
Authors: Susantok Mochamad , Wibowo Agus Urip Ari , Akbar Memen , Rahul
Published: February 2025

Laboratorium uji benih memerlukan informasi suhu dan kelembapan ruang untuk menjaga kualitas proses pengujian benih. Saat ini, laboran mencatat parameter lingkungan dua kali sehari pada pukul 9.00 dan 14.00 dengan menggunakan alat ukur terkalibrasi. Namun, metode ini tidak mencakup data di luar jam kerja atau pada hari libur, sehingga tidak memenuhi persyaratan pencatatan kontinu yang diwajibkan oleh Komite Akreditasi Nasional (KAN). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sistem pemantauan kualitas udara berbasis IoT yang mampu mencatat suhu dan kelembapan secara kontinu tanpa keterbatasan waktu serta memastikan akurasi data dengan mekanisme kalibrasi menggunakan metode inversi regresi linier. Sistem ini menampilkan data langsung pada layar OLED, menyimpan data di media microSD, dan mengunggahnya ke lembar kerja daring untuk pemantauan dan analisis lebih lanjut. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa sistem memiliki tingkat akurasi pengukuran sebesar 98% untuk suhu dan 97% untuk kelembapan setelah menggunakan inversi regresi linier dengan menggunakan 15 data. Dengan demikian, sistem ini mampu menggantikan metode pencatatan manual yang terbatas dan memenuhi persyaratan pencatatan kontinu dari KAN.
 
Abstract
Seed testing laboratories require temperature and humidity information to maintain the quality of seed testing processes. Currently, laboratory staff record environmental parameters twice daily at 9:00 AM and 2:00 PM using calibrated measuring instruments. However, this method does not cover data outside working hours or during holidays, thus failing to meet the continuous recording requirements mandated by the National Accreditation Committee (KAN). This study aims to develop an IoT-based air quality monitoring system capable of recording temperature and humidity continuously without time constraints while ensuring data accuracy through a calibration mechanism using the linear regression inversion method. The system displays real-time data on an OLED screen, stores data on a microSD card, and uploads it to an online spreadsheet for further monitoring and analysis. The test results show that the system achieves a measurement accuracy of 98% for temperature and 97% for humidity after applying the linear regression inversion method by using 15 data. Thus, the system can replace the limited manual recording method and meet the continuous recording requirements set by the KAN.
Analisis Perbandingan Teknik Word2vec dan Doc2vec dalam Mengukur Kemiripan Dokumen Menggunakan Cosine Similarity
Authors: Iskandar Dede , Kurniawati Ana
Published: February 2025

Tempatkan Era digital memudahkan akses dokumen online dalam jumlah besar menjadi lebih mudah dan cepat, namun juga menimbulkan tantangan kompleks dalam pengelolaan dan analisis informasi. Salah satu tantangan utama adalah mengukur kemiripan antar dokumen, yang penting untuk berbagai aplikasi seperti deteksi plagiarisme. Menanggapi tantangan ini, banyak teknik yang dapat digunakan dalam merepresentasikan dokumen menjadi vektor untuk mengukur kemiripan dokumen.  Dalam penelitian ini teknik Word2vec dan Doc2vec digunakan untuk merepresentasikan dokumen menjadi vektor, dan dalam mengukur kemiripan dokumen menggunakan metode Cosine Similarity. Objek penelitian dilakukan pada paragraf abstrak dari 20 jurnal ilmiah dengan tema data mining yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2020 hingga 2024 dari E-Journal Universitas Gunadarma. Metodologi penelitian meliputi pengumpulan data, text mining, pra-pemrosesan teks, implementasi teknik Word2vec dan Doc2vec, serta pengukuran Cosine Similarity. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknik Word2vec menghasilkan nilai Cosine Similarity yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan Doc2vec untuk pasangan jurnal yang sama, dapat dilihat pada pasangan jurnal J02 dengan J14 memiliki nilai Cosine Similarity 0.892 pada teknik Word2vec, sedangkan pada Doc2vec nilainya 0.434. Hal ini menandakan bahwa hasil teknik Word2vec terbukti lebih efektif dalam menangkap kemiripan semantik antara jurnal-jurnal dibandingkan dengan teknik Doc2vec.
 
Abstract
The digital era has made access to many online documents easier and faster, but it has also created complex challenges in information management and analysis. One of the main challenges is measuring the similarity between documents, which is crucial for various applications such as plagiarism detection. In response to this challenge, many techniques can be used to represent documents as vectors to measure document similarity. In this research, Word2vec and Doc2vec techniques are used to represent documents as vectors, and Cosine Similarity is used to measure document similarity. The research objects are abstract paragraphs from 20 scientific journals on data mining published between 2020 and 2024 from Gunadarma University's E-Journal. The research methodology includes data collection, text mining, text pre-processing, Word2vec and Doc2vec techniques implementations, and Cosine Similarity measurement. The results show that the Word2vec technique produces higher Cosine Similarity values compared to Doc2vec for the same journal pairs, as seen in the journal pair J02 and J14 having a Cosine Similarity value of 0.892 using the Word2vec technique, while with Doc2vec the value is 0.434. This indicates that the Word2vec technique proves to be more effective in capturing semantic similarities between journals compared to the Doc2vec technique.
БІОЛОГІЧНО АКТИВНІ РЕЧОВИНИ ВИДІВ РОДУ CARLINA L. ФЛОРИ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Soroka O. V. , Prokopiak M. Z. , Hrytsak L. R. , Drobyk N. M.
Published: February 2025

The review analyzes literature on the biologically active compounds synthesized in the underground and aboveground parts of medicinal plants of the Carlina L. genus. Various phytochemicals have been identified in these species, including flavonoids, essential oils, terpenes and terpenoids, saponins, alkaloids, polysaccharides, tannins, resins, glycosides, ketones, polyacetylenes, and aldehydes.
According to modern research, the highest concentration of inulin polysaccharide (up to 12–22 %) has been found in the roots of Carlina plants. Inulin is an effective prebiotic widely used in medicine due to its ability to reduce glucose and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, making it beneficial for treating diabetes, atherosclerosis, and obesity. Additionally, inulin exhibits anticoagulant, immunomodulatory, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory properties.
Essential oil (1–5 %) is extracted from the roots of Carlina plants using the hydrodistillation method. This oil contains a variety of terpene components, including β-sesquifellandrene, α-zingiberene, β-farnesene, ar-curcumin, γ-curcumin, and β-bisabolene. These constituents are responsible for the antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer, and antioxidant activities of the oil and also function as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.
The roots and aerial parts of Carlina plants are also rich sources of chlorogenic acid (1.94 %), triterpene saponins, alkaloids, and flavonoids. Alkaloids are typically found in plants as salts of organic acids or in glycosidic form. In medical applications, plant materials containing these compounds are used for their anti-inflammatory, sedative, tonic, and diuretic properties.
Flavonoids, one of the most abundant groups of phenolic compounds in the aboveground organs of Carlina plants, exhibit potent antimicrobial activity against a broad range of microorganisms. The predominant flavonoids found in the leaves include glycoside flavones such as orientin, homoorientin, and vitexin, which possess antioxidant, antiviral, antibacterial, and analgesic properties. Additionally, the leaves contain apigenin, a biologically active compound that interacts with molecular targets in the body, exerting anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects.
Carlina plants serve as the basis for various herbal medicines, including diuretic, anthelmintic, sedative, expectorant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, diaphoretic, antihemorrhoidal, and antimicrobial formulations. Phytopreparations derived from Carlina plants are used to treat digestive disorders and are also applied topically to manage skin infections and purulent rashes.
ДОМІНУЮЧІ КОМПЛЕКСИ ВИДІВ У МЕТАУГРУПОВАННЯХ ВОДОРОСТЕЙ ПЛАНКТОНУ, БЕНТОСУ, ПЕРИФІТОНУ
Authors: Shcherbak V. I. , Semeniuk N Ye. , Davydov O. A. , Koziychuk E. Sh.
Published: February 2025

This paper proposes a systematic methodological approach to identifying dominant species complexes in algal metacommunities. The approach was applied during comprehensive studies of plankton, benthos, and periphyton in various lotic and lentic continental ecosystems. The algorithm of the proposed approach consists of the following steps:
- Selecting the dominant species complex based on both cell count and biomass, as algal communities comprise species that vary significantly in cell volume (ranging from a few cubic micrometers to several tens of thousands of cubic micrometers).
- Using relative abundance rather than absolute cell count or biomass to determine dominance, due to the high variability in algal abundance caused by abiotic, biotic, climatic, and anthropogenic factors.
- Differentiating between dominant species (≥10 % of the total cell count or biomass) and subdominant species (5-9.9% of the total cell count or biomass).
- Analyzing the spatial dynamics of dominant species complexes within a metacommunity framework, considering their distribution and interactions across three-dimensional space - i.e., among phytoplankton, benthic, and periphytic algal communities.
The dominant species complexes in lotic and lentic ecosystems may be classified into:
- Monodominant complexes, primarily composed of Bacillariophyta.
- Oligodominant complexes, such as Bacillariophyta-Cyanobacteria and Bacillariophyta-Chlorophyta associations.
- Polydominant complexes, involving Bacillariophyta - Cyanobacteria -Chlorophyta assemblages.
The presence of planktonic Cyanobacteria in periphytic algal communities is attributed to the mass effect - a process in which species sediment from the water column, where they are abundant, onto an atypical habitat, such as hard substrata. Conversely, species may also transition from the substrata into the water column, further supporting the concept of a unified autotrophic network in aquatic ecosystems.
Thus, analyzing the structure of dominant species complexes - while accounting for dominant and subdominant species in planktonic and periphytic algal metacommunities - is a crucial aspect of hydrobiological research in lotic and lentic continental ecosystems of Ukraine.
БІБЛІЙНИЙ БОТАНІЧНИЙ САД ТЕРНОПІЛЬСЬКОГО НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО ПЕДАГОГІЧНОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ ІМЕНІ ВОЛОДИМИРА ГНАТЮКА : ЗАПОЧАТКУВАННЯ ТА РОЗВИТОК
Authors: Pyda S. V. , Drobyk N. M. , Yavorivskyi R. L. , Herts N. V. , Barna L. S. , Matsyuk O. B. , Khudyk P. V. , Buchkovska O. Ya.
Published: February 2025

The article summarizes the results of a study on the history of the establishment of the Biblical Botanical Garden at Volodymyr Hnatiuk Ternopil National Pedagogical University (TNPU) and the expansion of its species composition. It is noted that the Garden of Gethsemane in Israel is the first biblical garden, founded in ancient times, and today it is one of the nine most renowned biblical botanical gardens in the world.
The first biblical botanical garden in Ukraine, and one of the largest in Europe, was inaugurated on April 4, 2011, in the town of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Mariampol, Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast. Scholars from Chernivtsi National University, including Yuriy Fedkovych, Svitlana Rudenko, Oksana Ivasyuk, Stepan Kostyshyn, and Archpriest Mykola Shcherban, were the first in Ukraine to propose the idea of creating biblical botanical gardens in higher education institutions. They elaborated on this concept in their monograph Plants of the Holy Scriptures and Prospects for Creating a Biblical Garden.
Professor Mykola Barna of the Department of Botany and Zoology at TNPU further developed this idea and outlined the prospects for establishing a Biblical Botanical Garden at TNPU in his monograph. The design plan for the garden was developed by Mykhailo Netribiak, an Honored Architect of Ukraine and lecturer at the Department of Fine Arts, Design, and Methods of Teaching at TNPU, together with designer Mykhailo Tverdyi.
The foundation of the Biblical Botanical Garden at TNPU was laid on April 15, 2019, as part of the University Day celebrations, commemorating the 79th anniversary of the university's founding. The official launch of the garden was marked by the unveiling of a marble sculpture of an open book titled The Ascension of the Lord and an art installation depicting the Crucifixion, Golgotha.
Currently, 44 plant species grow in the TNPU Biblical Botanical Garden, 17 of which are mentioned in the Holy Scriptures. Four species belong to the Pinophyta division, and 13 to the Magnoliophyta division. Future plans include expanding the garden’s plant collection by incorporating additional biblical species, Red Book-listed species, and ornamental flowering and deciduous trees, shrubs, and vines.
An Analysis of Figurative Language in Sabrina Carpenter’s Song Album “Short N’ Sweet”
Authors: Gea Mira Kristiyanti , Pasaribu Tiara Kristina , Sinambela Erika
Published: February 2025

The study is very important because when listening to songs, most people only focus on the music rather than the lyrics without knowing the meaning of the song. This study aims to find out the types of figurative language in “Short n Sweet” song album by Sabrina Carpenter and  how is the figurative language realized in the song album. This research used mix-method research namely quantitative and qualitative. This study used Perrine (1992) theory which classified figurative language into 12 types. However, this research only focuses into 6 types of figurative language with the research results of 97 data. There are Metaphor (16), Simile (14), Personification (9), Symbol (19), Hyperbole (23), and Irony (16). The realization is that there are six types of  figurative language, namely metaphors (comparing two different ideas, namely intelligence with sharpest tools and describing a partner with bee). Simile (make a direct comparison using the term "like"). Personification (inanimate objects namely fan and car are given human characteristics or talents). Symbol (use elements of numbers and drink brands with meanings that are different from their literal meanings). Hyperbole (use clearly exaggerated statements to emphasize certain feelings and situations). Irony (there is a mismatch between what is said or expected and the truth or deepest feelings behind the statement). This study is very important for english department and literature students, teacher, lecturer, and other researchers because it will teach them how to evaluate and analyze figurative language both in songs and in other media.
Pragmatic and Grammatical Competence Interface in Second Language Acquisition: Conceptual Framework and Construction
Authors: Rustandi Andi , Febriani R. Bunga , Sugiarto Bambang Ruby
Published: February 2025

This study investigated the interface between pragmatic and grammatical competence in second language acquisition. This study aims to discover the conceptual framework of how pragmatics competence interfaces with grammatical competence. This study employs three research questions such as (1) how pragmatics competence and grammatical competence are interfaced with each other, (2) what kind of pragmatics competence should be learned by the learner of a second language, and (3) to what extent grammatical construction interface with the pragmatic domain. This study used the groundwork of the library research method, which forms the theoretical framework of this study by searching, reading, and evaluating some journals from the online journal that deals with the topic. The result revealed that pragmatic competence and grammatical competence are interfaced with each other since grammatical construction in the utterance contributes to the language use expression.
Revolutionizing Writing: The Impact of Technology on Enhancing Students' Writing Skills
Authors: Friatin Lilies Youlia
Published: February 2025

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in writing instruction has introduced new opportunities for enhancing students’ creativity and engagement. This study explores students’ perceptions of Canva AI Magic Writer in developing descriptive writing skills. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected from 30 university students through a questionnaire. The findings reveal that most students found AI helpful in overcoming writer’s block and improving descriptive details. However, some expressed concerns about originality and the potential loss of personal voice. While AI tools enhance creativity and motivation, their use should be balanced with strategies that promote independent writing skills. This study recommends integrating AI with structured guidance to maximize its benefits while fostering originality and critical thinking.
QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF IBUPROFEN CONTENT IN ENDEMIC AMPHIPODS LAKE BAIKAL
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Telnova T.Yu. , Morgunova M.M. , Vlasova A.A. , Shashkina S.S. , Misharina E.A. , Shelkovnikova V.N. , Lipatova O.E. , Belyshenko A.Yu. , Listopad A.S. , Axenov-Gribanov D.V.
Published: February 2025

Drug contamination is one of the most widespread and significant problems on the planet. This study quantified ibuprofen
content in samples of Lake Baikal amphipods collected in two seasons, spring and autumn 2022. Amphipods were shown to be able to
accumulate ibuprofen in amounts ranging from 14,92 to 1151,32 ng/g.
REDOX-ACTIVE POLYMER “BOVINE SERUM ALBUMIN — SAFRANIN”, USED AS THE BASIS OF A BIOSENSOR FOR THE DETERMINATION OF PHENOL AND UREA
Authors:   Tula State University, Lavrova T.V. , Kharkova A.S.
Published: February 2025

The work proposes the use of the redox-active polymer “bovine serum albumin — safranin” in the creation of biosensors for
the determination of phenol and urea. The biosensor based on tyrosinase has a detectable concentration range of 47–600 mg/dm3
. The
urease biosensor showed good results: the range of detected concentrations was 68–410 mmol/dm3
, which allows the use of this system
for monitoring the urea.
СREATION OF RECOMBINANT MYCOBACTERIAL STRAINS EXPRESSING HSPA14
Authors:   Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Moscow, Markova A.Yu. , Kondratyeva L.G. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University,   National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow
Published: February 2025

TLR are known as the main receptors on the surface of innate immune cells and involved in the training of these cells. A plasmid containing the TLR agonist gene, HSPA14, was obtained to create recombinant mycobacterial strains expressing trained immunity
activators. Mycobacteria were transformed by this plasmid, cell lysates were analyzed using western blot.
STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF ADDITIVES ON THE SIALYLATION OF DARBEPOETIN-ALFA IN CHO-BASED CULTIVATION IN FED-BATCH MODE
Authors:   PHARMAPARK, LLC, Moscow, Mironova E.M. , Ponomarenko E.A. , Belov A.K. , Gryuk A.O. , Marygin R.A. , Voronina E.V. , Seregin Y.A.
Published: February 2025

Within the presented study, a combination of N-acetyl-D-mannosamine, sodium butyrate, and galactose additives was showed
for use during the cultivation of CHO cells producing darbepoetin alfa. The addition of these chemicals enabled an increase in the yield
of highly sialylated forms of darbepoetin alfa.
EVALUATING THE IMPACT OF OMEGA-3 FATTY ACID SUPPLEMENTATION ON LIPID PROFILES IN ADULTS WITH PPARG POLYMORPHISMS
Authors:   Triangel Scientific, San Francisco, California,   Center for New Medical Technologies, Novosibirsk,   Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Novosibirsk
Published: February 2025

Research shows that PPARG gene polymorphisms influence lipid metabolism and cardiovascular risk, and omega-3 fatty acids modulate these effects. A study of 102 patients (LDL 70–190 mg/dL) assessed the effects of 2000 mg Omega-3 daily for 90 days.
In patients with the PPARG polymorphism, the Omega-3 group had a 15.4 % reduction in LDL cholesterol levels compared with 2.6 %
in the placebo group (p < 0.01). Triglyceride levels decreased by 21.3 % (p < 0.01).
CHARACTERISATION OF FIBROBLAST-LIKE SYNOVIOCYTES AS THE BASIS OF AN IN VITRO MODEL FOR TESTING DRUGS FOR RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS THERAPY
Authors:   Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology — Branch of the ICG SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Rippinen D.V. , Solovieva A.O.
Published: February 2025

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease, the prevalence and social significance of which is extremely high. To
date, there is an active search for effective targeting drugs and relevant in vitro test systems. In this work we have carried out a comparative characterisation of fibroblast-like synoviocyte lines isolated from patients with RA. Their migration rate, cytokine secretion, and
response to proinflammatory cytokines were analysed.
PROSPECT DIRECTIONS FOR MODIFICATION OF CHITOSAN AND ITS APPLYING IN BIOMEDICINE
Authors:   Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, Sazonova O.S. , Arkhipov I.A.
Published: February 2025

This article provided great attention to consideration of priority areas Chitosan research in biomedicine and pharmaceutical
industry. Literature and patent data were studied to conduct an information and analytical analysis of existing modifications of the
structure of chitosan for its use in biomedicine and pharmacy
THE EFFECT OF FEATURE SELECTION METHODS ON MACHINE LEARNING MODEL PERFORMANCE: A COMPARATIVE STUDY FOR BREAST CANCER PREDICTION
Authors: Hassan Diman Siddiq
Published: February 2025

Developing countries often face a high incidence of breast cancer, making early detection vital for effective treatment. The risk of developing breast cancer can be evaluated using machine learning methods and regular diagnostic data. In cancer datasets, there is a wealth of patient information, but not all of it is valuable for predicting cancer. This highlights the significance of feature selection methods in uncovering the relevant data. In this field, many studies have attempted to predict the different types of breast tumours, since it is important to diagnose breast cancer medication accurately. This paper aims to perform a comparison such that to show the effect of different feature selection methods on the accuracy of various existing machine learning algorithms. The study focuses on seven machine learning algorithms: K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Naive Bayes (NB), Decision Trees (DT), Support Vector Machines (SVM), Logistic Regression (LR), Neural Network (NN), and Random Forest (RF). The feature selection techniques examined include F-test Feature Selection, Mutual Information (MI), and Spearman Correlation Coefficient. The dataset used for the experiments is the Wisconsin Diagnostic Breast Cancer (WDBC) dataset, which is publicly available from the UCI Repository. The findings reveal that when feature selection is implemented, the LR and NN algorithms demonstrate superior accuracy and perform exceptionally well across other metrics compared to the other models
Аппроксимации госпитальной статистики выздоровлений от COVID-19
Authors: Боровский А.В. , Галкин А.Л. , Дорошенко С.С.
Published: February 2025

Госпитальная статистика выздоровлений от COVID-19 по городу Иркутску представлена в виде скорости выздоровления за определенное количество суток от полной группы заболевших. Время выздоровления изменяется от 1 до 182 суток. Количество рассмотренных случаев достигает ~100000 случаев. Для удобства использования данных предложено аппроксимировать таблицу для скорости выздоровления различными видами нелинейных функций. Изучены следующие варианты аппроксимирующих функций: Гауссова, Лоренцева, модифицированная Лоренцева, функция Вейбулла, функции Джонсона. Для сравнения со статистикой применялись методы минимизации среднеквадратичных отклонений аппроксимирующих функций от экспериментальных данных. Использованы метод наименьших квадратов для функций с двумя и тремя параметрами, метод спуска по координатам и метод спуска по градиенту для функций с четырьмя подгоночными параметрами. Показано, что наилучшие результаты подгонки обеспечивает модифицированная Лоренцева функция, с четырьмя параметрами. По степени расхождения с экспериментальной статистикой аппроксимирующие функции расположены в следующем порядке: функция Вейбулла обеспечивает наименее точную подгонку (16,15 %), далее располагается функция Джонсона SU(10,65 %), несколько лучше подгонка для функции Джонсона SB (8,49 %), для Гауссовой функции (5,8 %), для Лоренцевой функции подгонка составляет (3,2828 %), наилучшую подгонку дает модифицированная Лоренцева функция (3,2804 %) при определенных приближениях.

Hospital statistics on COVID-19 recoveries in Irkutsk are presented in the form of the rate of recovery over a certain number of days from the full group of patients. The recovery time varies from 1 to 182 days. The number of cases considered reaches ~100000 cases. For the convenience of using the data, it is proposed to approximate the table for the recovery rate by various types of nonlinear functions. The following variants of approximating functions have been studied: Gaussian, Lorentz, modified Lorentz, Weibull function, Johnson functions. For comparison with statistics, methods were used to minimize the standard deviations of approximating functions from experimental data. The least squares method is used for functions with two and three parameters, the coordinate descent method, and the gradient descent method for functions with four fitting parameters. It is shown that the best fitting results are provided by a modified Lorentz function with four parameters. According to the degree of discrepancy with experimental statistics, the approximating functions are arranged in the following order: the Weibull function provides the least accurate fit (16.15%), followed by the Johnson function SU (10.65%), slightly better fit for the Johnson function SB(8.49%), for the Gaussian function (5.8%), for the Lorentz function the fit is (3.2828%), the best fit is given by the modified Lorentzian function (3.2804%) under certain approximations.
The lysine deprotonation mechanism in a ubiquitin conjugating enzyme
Authors: Wathan Alexis J. , Deschene Nicole , Litz Joseph , Sumner Isaiah
Published: February 2025

Ubiquitination is a biochemical reaction in which a small protein, ubiquitin (Ub), is covalently linked to a lysine on a target protein. This type of post-translational modification can signal for protein degradation, DNA repair, or inflammation response. Ubiquitination is catalyzed by three families of enzymes: ubiquitin activating enzymes (E1), ubiquitin conjugating enzymes (E2), and ubiquitin ligases (E3). In this study, we focus on the chemical mechanism used by the E2 enzyme, Ubc13, which forms polyubiquitin chains by linking a substrate Ub to Lys63 on a target ubiquitin (Ub*). Initially, Ubc13 is covalently linked to the substrate Ub. Next, Lys63 in the Ub* is deprotonated, becomes an active nucleophile, and attacks the thioester bond in the Ubc13~Ub conjugate. The deprotonation mechanism is not well understood. There are two, conserved nearby residues that may act as conjugate bases (Asp119 on Ubc13 and Glu64 on Ub*.) It is also hypothesized that the active site environment suppresses the lysine's pKa, favoring deprotonated lysine. We test these hypotheses by simulating both WT and mutant Ubc13 with constant pH molecular dynamics (CpHMD), which allows titratable residues to change their protonation states. We use these simulations to monitor the protonation states and to generate titration curves of lysine 63. We found that the pKa of the lysine is highly dependent on its distance from the active site. Also, mutating Asp119 or Glu64 to Ala has little effect on the lysine pKa, indicating that neither residue acts as a generalized base. Finally, we note that mutating a structural residue (Asn79 to Ala) increases the lysine pKa, suggesting that alterations to the active site hydrogen bonding network can affect nucleophile activation.
A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF PRESIDENT BIDEN’S REMARKS ON ‘PANDEMIC POLITICS
Authors: Adegbenro Emmanuel , Olayemi Oluwakemi
Published: February 2025

The literature is enriched with different linguistic studies on world leaders’ speeches delivered to respond to COVID-19. However, studies that investigated speeches of Presidents on pandemic politics are still in want. This study carried out a critical discourse analysis of the pandemic politics in the remarks of President Biden on fighting COVID-19. The September 9, 2021 speech of the US’s President Biden was purposively selected for this research because of its relevance to the subject matter. After the speech had been downloaded from the White House Official website, it was closely read. Copious extracts which convey hidden meanings and help to illustrate Biden’s discourse themes were noted and analysed qualitatively. The research adopted an adaptation of van Dijk’s model of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) and Halliday’s Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) theoretical frameworks to espouse meanings in the speech. The interdependence of the two tools for analyzing socio- political discourse makes them suitable for the analysis. Results found that, in a bid to navigate vaccination issues, Biden carefully deployed language to communicate three main discourse themes; negotiating with people, legislating rules and ventilating anger against those peddling pandemic politics. Thus, by appealing, educating and begging, vaccine shots were negotiated, and by condemning, blackmailing and threatening, compulsory vaccination compliance was legislated. Emphasizing those discourse themes served not only to conscript the people into accepting vaccination but also to flatten the curve against COVID-19. The study provides useful insights on the responses of government to the dissenting people’s opinions on the issue of compulsory vaccination during pandemic. It is, however, suggested that other researchers could explore a comparative analysis to investigate how different political leaders globally have framed vaccination policies and pandemic responses through different rhetorical strategies.
Refining the Argument from Democracy
Authors: Broughton Gabriel
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a new version of the democratic argument for the freedom of expression that has the resources to give a plausible reply to the perennial objection—ordinarily considered fatal—that such accounts fail to deliver protections for abstract art, instrumental music, and lots of other deserving nonpolitical speech. The argument begins with the observation that there are different things that a free speech theory might aim to accomplish. It will aim to justify a right to free speech with a particular scope and shape, but that right might be a moral right, an ordinary legal right, or a specifically constitutional right. The new version of the argument—the refined argument from democracy—aims to justify a specifically constitutional right to political speech, administered by strong-form judicial review. The democracy theorist can accommodate the intuition that abstract art deserves protection by agreeing that we have a moral right, and probably ought to have an ordinary legal right, to produce and view abstract art. She must only insist that abstract art should not be protected by a specifically constitutional right administered by strong-form judicial review. Not because abstract art does not deserve constitutional protection but because, on this view, whether a particular right ought to be enshrined in the constitution and administered by judicial review is not solely a matter of the importance of the right or the value of the interests it protects.
Application of multivariate analysis methods for modeling regional economic development: the role of the construction industry in the face of current challenges
Authors: Korepanov O. , Lazebnyk I. , Kovtun V.
Published: February 2025

The article explores the socio-economic development of the regions of Ukraine in the context of the impact of the construction sector, which plays a significant role in shaping the country's economic dynamics. The focus is on analyzing the factors that determine regional development, with particular emphasis on construction activity, which is one of the key drivers of economic growth. The purpose of the study is to model the factors influencing the socio-economic development of the regions of Ukraine and to assess the role of construction in this process. Using factor analysis and principal component analysis methods, the authors examine the relationships between key economic indicators, determining the extent of the impact of construction activity. The modeling results identified three main aggregate factors that have the greatest influence on regional development: the state of the environment and industrial development, construction activity, and agricultural development. Particular attention is given to analyzing regional differences in the development of the construction sector and assessing its role in shaping social infrastructure. It was found that construction activity, which has been significantly affected by the conflict, is crucial for the recovery and further growth of the economy in Ukraine's regions. In this regard, the article provides recommendations for optimizing government policy aimed at stimulating the construction sector to enhance economic resilience and regional infrastructure development. Significant attention is also devoted to the application of multivariate classification methods, specifically cluster analysis, for grouping regions based on the level of construction activity. This approach made it possible to identify regions with different dynamics in the construction sector and to determine the most important factors affecting their economic development. Conclusions were drawn about the uneven development of construction across Ukraine, and priorities were established for directing resources toward the recovery and stimulation of the construction sector in affected regions. Thus, the article makes a valuable contribution to advancing approaches to regional development analysis and the formulation of policies focused on economic recovery and improving quality of life in Ukraine.
The role of MVP strategy in increasing company competitiveness in a fast-paced environment
Authors: Ivanova O. , Berest K.
Published: February 2025

This article explores the importance of the Minimum Viable Product (MVP) strategy in enhancing the competitiveness of IT companies. The MVP strategy allows businesses to develop a simplified product version with only essential features, enabling faster time-to-market, real-world testing, and feedback gathering. This approach minimizes development risks, optimizes resource use, and helps companies move iteratively, through gradual testing of their hypotheses. By launching a lean product, companies can gain a first-mover advantage and to gain a foothold in the market faster. The article defines MVP as a minimal, functional representation of a product designed to test business hypotheses through customer feedback. This article also distinguishes MVPs from prototypes, which focus on testing functionality, and fully-fledged products, which are complete versions ready for commercial release. Through strategic market validation, MVPs allow companies to identify user needs early on and refine their offerings accordingly. The study also discusses the transition from MVPs to achieving economies of scale. As demand grows, companies can spread fixed costs over an increasing number of units, thereby reducing unit cost and increasing profitability. MVP strategy allows companies to focus on the essential product features and avoid spreading their resources on potentially unprofitable items, which contributes to efficient scaling. Case studies, such as that of Aardvark, illustrate how businesses can efficiently scale their MVPs into fully developed products. While the MVP strategy provides significant advantages, the article highlights potential downsides, such as underdeveloped products, biased user feedback and technical debt. Thus, while MVPs offer a valuable framework for growth and competitiveness, companies must apply them carefully, maintaining a balance between the possibility of short-term release accelerations and long-term scalability.