bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TRAINING OF HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION’S STUDENTS FOR PERFORMING ENGINEERING DESIGNS (ГРАММАТИЧЕСКИЕ ОШИБКИ) ИСПРАВИЛА.
Authors: Byshevets N.
Published: November 2017

The review of both scientific, methodological and specialized resources on the issue of increasing the level of students’ mathematical education at the engineering faculties was made. The experience of implementing information technologies, the Systems of Computer Mathematics in particular, in the process of teaching university students, was studied. Necessity to form mathematical competence of the engineers-to-be by means of information technologies was proved. The technique of instructing students to make engineering designs using information technologies on examples of the subject “Numerical methods” and “Solution of the system of linear equations using Gaussian elimination with selecting the pivot element” was offered. The specific feature of this technique is combination of traditional and innovative educational methods and techniques. We were considering implementation of the methodology offered through the example of the practical lesson on the topic “Solution of nonlinear equation”. We first of all offer to consider the Systems of Computer Mathematics as the way to check the results obtained, but after students’ gaining corresponding skills, while performing design and graphic works, course and diploma projects, it is worth encouraging them to computerize computational process students several alternative methods of problem solving by means of ICT.
TECHNICAL OPTIMIZATION OF CROSS-PLATFORM SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS QUALITY AND USABILITY OF 3RD-PARTY TOOLS
Authors: Kondratyev Y.
Published: November 2017

The article exposes developer's point of view on minimizing creation, upgrade, postrelease problem solving time for applications and components, targeted to multiple operating systems, while keeping high end product quality and computational performance. Non-uniformity of analogous tools and components, available on different platforms,causes strong impact on developer's productivity. In part., differences in 3rd-party component interfaces, versions, quality of distinct functions, cause frequent switching developer's attention on issues not connected (in principle) with the target project. While loss of development performance because of attention specifics is more subjective value, at least physical time spent on tools/components misbehavior compensation and normal tools configuring is measurable. So, the main thesis verified is whether it's possible to increase continuity of the development process by technical improvements only, and by which value. In addition, a novel experimental tool for interactive code execution is described, allowing for deep changes in the working program without its restart. Question under research:minimizing durations of programming-build-test-correct loop and small code parts runs, in part.,improving the debugging workflow for the account of combining the interactive editor and the debugger.
THE MODEL OF FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF FUTURE SOFTWARE ENGINEERS
Authors: Sedov V.
Published: November 2017

The rapid technological development of modern society fundamentally changes processes of production, communication and services. There is a great demand for specialists who are competent in recently emerged industries. Moreover, the gap between scientific invention and its wide distribution and consumption has significantly reduced. Therefore, we face an urgent need for preparation of specialists in higher education that meet the requirements of modern society and labour market. Particularly relevant is the issue of training of future software engineers in the system of master’s degree, which is the level of education that trains not only professionals, but also scientists and university teachers. The article presents a developed model of formation of professional competence of future software engineers in the system of master’s degree. The model comprises units of training of future software engineers, identifies methodological approaches, a number of general didactic and methodological principles that underpin learning processes in higher education. It describes methods, forms of organization and means that are used in the system of master’s degree, and also provides pedagogical conditions of effective implementation of the model. The developed model addresses the issue of individualization, intensification and optimization of studying. While developing the model, special attention was paid to updating the content of education and searching for new organizational forms of training of future software engineers.
THE ROLE OF QUASI-PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES IN PREPARATION OF FUTURE TEACHERS OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
Authors: Shovkun V.
Published: November 2017

The article describes the actual problem of professional- pedagogical preraration of the teacher of computer science, analyzes found in the research process contradictions between demands of society for increase of quality of education in higher education establishments which prepare teachers of computer skills and insufficient level of readiness of future specialists for work at school, also between the need for enhancement the system of professional training of future teachers and the lack of theoretical and practical basis concerning the formation of proficiency of future teachers in the process of pedagogical practice. It is dermined that quasi-professional activity leads to formation of skills to apply knowledge of fundamental preparation in the sphere of computer science and successfully put it into professional activity. It has been considered the formalization of the model of organization and realization of work experience internship whereas nowadays there is a need of technologisation of this process by the leaders of pedagogical practice on the basis of secondary schools. This survey gives an opportunity to analyze the condition of pedagogical practice of future teachers of computer skills from viewpoint of trainees.
A study on the strength development of geopolymer concrete using fly ash
Authors: Chokkalingam Ramesh Babu , N Ganesan
Published: November 2017

Cement consumption is increasing day by day due to the tremendous development in the infrastructure facilities. The production of one ton of cement emits approximately one ton of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. In order to reduce the use of cement a new-generation concrete has been developed such as geopolymer concrete (GPC).Geopolymer Geopolymer is a new material which has the potential to replace ordinary Portland cement. It is an inorganic material synthesized by alkali activation of amorphous aluminosilicates at ambient or slightly increased temperatures having an amorphous to semi-crystalline polymeric structure. In this study, low calcium flyash from Tuticorin was used to produce geopolymer concrete. The geopolymer was synthesized with sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide solutions. The sodium hydroxide pellets was dissolved in the distilled water to make free from mixing water contaminants. The ratio of sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide ratio was kept as 2.5. The concentration of sodium hydroxide solution is 12 Molarity (12M). Other materials used are locally available coarse aggregate and fine sand in surface dry condition. A polycarboxlate HRWRA La Hypercrete S25was used. Cubes of size 100mm were cast for six mix proportions of 450kg/m3 flyash+0.35W/B, 500 kg/m3 flyash+0.35W/B, 550kg/m3 flyash+0.35W/B, 450kg/m3 flyash+.0.40 W/B, 500kg/m3 fly ash+0.40W/B and 550kg/m3 flyash+0.40W/B. The specimens after casting in moulds were kept in oven at 60°C for 6 hours and left to air dry at room temperature and tested at 7 and 28 days. The test results revealed the compressive strength of 30 Mpa was achieved. There was not much significant difference in strength development at 28 days between the mixes due to the increase of flyash content. The microstructural images at 28 days revealed that there was not much difference in the microstructure due to the variation in flyash content from 450 kg/m3 to 550 kg/m3.
Introduction
Authors: Le Theule François-Gilles , Douady Raphael , de Boissieu Christian
Published: November 2017

In his October 2013 report, Mr Maystadt discussed the possibility of clarifying and expanding the ‘public good’ criterion in EU Accounting Framework, namely that: Any accounting standards adopted should not jeopardise financial stability, and they must not hinder the EU’s economic development. He also suggested that more thorough analysis of compliance with the criteria of prudence and respect for the public good was needed. Since 2013, the European Commission further announced a ten-years assessment of the application of the International Accounting Standards (IFRS) in Europe, as well as an harmonisation project for European Public Sector Accounting Standards (EPSAS) led by Eurostat. By convening together leading scholars and policy-makers, this workshop aims to contribute to this debate about the consequences of accounting regulation for Europe’s economy and society, concerning both public and private sectors.
Harmonising European Public Sector Accounting Standards (EPSAS): Issues and Perspectives
Authors: Biondi Yuri
Published: November 2017

An important reform project is ongoing concerning harmonising Europe’s public sector accounting standards (EPSAS). The European Commission appears willing to mimic and take the international private sector accounting as frame of reference, following the same pattern of implementation for international public sector accounting standards (IPSAS) that was enacted for the IAS-IFRS. But the Member States did react in a different way, this time, showing alert, raising questions, and providing resistance in some cases. Public sector accounting shall be considered in the specific context provided by public finances in general, and by a monetary union in particular. This paper takes perspective on these specificities while raising issues (i) on the EPSAS-making governance; (ii) relationship between cash-basis and accrual-basis of accounting; (iii) accounting for governmental liabilities by Member States; and (iv) evidence of net assets under accruals-basis.
On the Accounting Regulation for the European Private Sector
Authors: Canziani Arnaldo
Published: November 2017

This article is based upon a speech given at the international workshop on “Which accounting regulation for Europe’s economy and society?” held at the European Parliament, Strasbourg, on May 20, 2015, in tribute to Mr Jérôme Haas (1963–2014), first chairman of the Accounting Standards Authority of France (ANC).
International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS): Stress Testing in Financialized Reporting Entities
Authors: Haslam Colin
Published: November 2017

These remarks deal with financialisation of accounting. Financialisation is a process by which windfall capital market gains are crystallised from future earnings over and above those available from current earnings and profit. Accounting numbers reported by business firms are increasingly including the product of windfall gains from capital markets into those accounting numbers. Thus a significant disturbance in market valuations embedded in firm’s assets and earnings could have a significant and material impact upon firm-level financial stability.
Dysregulated pathways for off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Li Xu , Xiang Dao-Kang , Shu Yi-Zhu , Feng Cheng-Hui
Published: November 2017

Background

The objective of this paper was to identify dysregulated myocardial pathways with off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG) based on pathway interaction network (PIN).

Methodology

To achieve this goal, firstly, gene expression profiles, protein-protein interactions (PPIs) and pathway data were collected. Secondly, we constructed a PIN by integrating these data and Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) algorithm. Next, for every pathway in the PIN, its activity was counted dependent on the principal component analysis (PCA) method to select the seed pathway. Ultimately, a minimum pathway set (MPS) was extracted from the PIN on the basis of the seed pathway and the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC) index, and pathways in the MPS were denoted as dysregulated pathways.

Results

The PIN had 1,189 nodes and 22,756 interactions, of which mitochondrial translation termination was the seed pathway. Starting with mitochondrial translation termination, a MPS (AUROC = 0.983) with 7 nodes and 26 edges was obtained. The 7 pathways were regarded as dysregulated myocardial pathways with OPCABG.

Conclusion

The findings might provide potential biomarkers to diagnose early, serve as the evidence to perform the OPCABG and predict inflammatory response and myocardial reperfusion injury after OPCABG in the future.
In vitro activity of allicin combined with two antibiotics on intestinal Shigella
Authors: Jia Yuchi , Wu Xiaomei
Published: November 2017

Objective

We aimed to evaluate the combined antibacterial effects of allicin in combination with levofloxacin and ceftriaxone on Shigella isolated from the intestinal tract in vitro.

Materials and Methods

Using a checkerboard design, broth microdilution assay was used to test the effects of the compounds on the organism. We also determined the MIC of the two groups of antibacterial drugs against 30 strains of Shigella and calculated the fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index, to judge the combination effect.

Result

After the combined application of allicin and ceftriaxone the MIC decreased significantly. Distribution of the FIC index was as follows: FIC ≤0.5, accounting for 10%; 0.5< FIC ≤1.0, accounting for 60%; 1 < FIC ≤2, accounting for 30%; FIC >2, percentage is zero. After combined application of allicin and levofloxacin, distribution of FIC index was as follows: FIC≤0.5, ratio is zero; 0.5< FIC ≤1, accounting for 56.7%; 1 < FIC ≤2, accounting for 43.3%; FIC >2, ratio is zero.

Conclusion

After the combined use of ceftriaxone, levofloxacin, and allicin, most of the tests showed synergistic effects and additive effects on Shigella, while some of them showed no correlation and no antagonistic effect.
The mysterious relation between inflammation and prostate cancer
Authors: Zhao Yu
Published: November 2017

Recent studies showed that inflammation is a critical cause for initiation and/or development of many cancers. In prostate cancer (PC), the inflammatory cells usually populate an immune-competent organ. This inflammatory organ can be involved in the initiation and progression of PC. Here, we mainly focus on the role of inflammation in the PC and progression of castration-resistant PC (CRPC). Moreover, we summarize the roles of inflammation factors (such as chemokines and cytokines) in PC and CRPC. Taken together, this review gives an insight into therapy for PC and CRPC through anti-inflammation.
Imaging features of IRIS caused by AIDS and complicated by tuberculosis
Authors: Li Wei , Liu Wei , Zhou Guiming
Published: November 2017

Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), a common complication of AIDS, is further complicated by tuberculosis. Its clinical symptoms lack specificity but can be evaluated using diagnostic imaging. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is useful in evaluating the morphology and internal microstructure of lesions associated with the syndrome, as well as the relationship of the internal microstructure with the surrounding tissues. This paper summarizes the present state and progress of imaging research on IRIS caused by AIDS and complicated by tuberculosis.
Between the Carnal and the Spiritual: The
Parsifal
of T. W. Rolleston
Authors: Ropa Anastasija
Published: November 2017

During the national revival between the nineteenth and the early twentieth centuries, medieval texts, including the matter of Arthur, became available to audiences both in the form of new editions and creative adaptations. Among the latter, the operas of Richard Wagner, inspired by medieval and, in particular, Arthurian motifs, were influential far beyond Germany. One of the authors who drew inspiration from Wagner’s work was T. W. Rolleston, an Irishman who is better known nowadays for his political works, but who also wrote works inspired by medieval matter, both Celtic and Arthurian. The present article discusses a poem of T. W. Rolleston, Parsifal or the Legend of the Holy Grail, which was published for the first time in 1912, in a luxurious edition illustrated by Willy Pogány. The aim of the article is to examine the interaction between carnality and spirituality in the version of salvation through the Holy Grail created by Rolleston and Pogány, while highlighting the impact of three Rolleston’s sources, Richard Wagner’s opera Parsifal, Wolfram von Eschenbach’s romance Parzival and Chrétien de Troyes’s Perceval.
À quoi bon la préhistoire du
Tristan en prose
? Mise au point et nouvelles perspectives
Authors: Hess Dominik
Published: November 2017

La présente étude vise à examiner les différents aspects établis par la critique concernant le début du Tristan en prose, à savoir l’histoire des ancêtres du héros éponyme qui relie la famille de Tristan à celle des gardiens du Graal, dont son ancêtre, Sadoc, serait le neveu de Joseph d’Arimathie et le frère d’Helain le Blanc.

Cette “préhistoire“ a dû subir le jugement inexorable de G. Paris qui n’a su attribuer aucune valeur littéraire à cette partie introductive au roman et la jugeait complètement inutile. La critique a, notamment suite à la publication du premier tome de l’édition par R. L. Curtis en 1963, pris deux positions diamétralement opposées dont un réexamen sera de mise : celle qui n’a pas cessé de défendre l’utilité de la préhistoire pour la suite du roman, car elle est imprégnée, entre autres, de la thématique de l’amour-passion au même titre que le récit tristanien qui s’ensuit. De l’autre côté, de nombreuses études ont montré que la préhistoire, bien qu’elle introduise la thématique du Graal tout au début, n’a aucun impact sur le destin de Tristan, qui est dû à son penchant pour la luxure, exclu a priori de la Quête du Graal qui a lieu plus tard dans le roman.

De plus, notre étude montrera d’autres points mis en évidence par la critique ainsi que des perspectives pour la recherche concernant ce sujet : outre la question de l’intertextualité, avec comme modèle principal l’ombre mythique d’Œdipe, et la dominance de Chelinde, l’élément féminin, comme point-pivot de l’histoire, le chantier le plus évident reste le réexamen de la tradition textuelle pour laquelle Curtis avait, jadis, établi un stemma, mais dont la méthodologie est aujourd’hui dépassée. Ainsi, nous espérons qu’un jour il sera possible, grâce à un classement des manuscrits obtenu par des méthodes plus opérables pour le traitement des textes en prose, de pouvoir apporter de nouvelles connaissances de la genèse d’au moins une partie de cette œuvre littéraire très vaste.
Maternal demographic factors associated with emergency caesarean section for non-reassuring foetal status
Authors: Mendis Ramali , Flatley Christopher , Kumar Sailesh
Published: November 2017

Objectives:

This study aimed to determine maternal and obstetric factors associated with emergency caesarean section (CS) for non-reassuring foetal status (NRFS).

Materials and methods:

This was a retrospective analysis of term singleton births between January 2007 and December 2015 at the Mater Mother’s Hospital in Brisbane. The study group comprised all cases of emergency CS for NRFS, and the control cohort comprised all other births meeting the inclusion criteria but excluding those in the study cohort.

Results:

Over the study period, there were 74,177 births fulfilling the inclusion criteria. The overall rate of emergency CS for NRFS was 4.2% (3132/74,177). Multivariate analysis showed that being overweight and obese, Indian and “other” ethnicity, artificial reproductive techniques, smoking, induction of labour and gestation at 39–42 weeks were associated with an increased risk, whereas being underweight, female sex, hypertension and birth without labour conferred a lower risk.

Conclusion:

Many maternal and obstetric factors were associated with emergency CS for NRFS and influenced adverse perinatal outcomes. Recognition of these risk factors could help risk stratify women prior to labour.
Asymptotic approximation for the solution to a semi-linear elliptic problem in a thin aneurysm-type domain
Authors: Mel’nyk Taras A. , Klevtsovskiy Arsen V.
Published: November 2017

A semi-linear boundary-value problem with nonlinear Robin boundary conditions is considered in a thin 3D aneurysm-type domain that consists of thin curvilinear cylinders that are joined through an aneurysm of diameter 𝓞(ε). Using the multi-scale analysis, the asymptotic approximation for the solution is constructed and justified as the parameter ε → 0. Namely, we derive the limit problem (ε = 0) in the corresponding graph, define other terms of the asymptotic approximation and prove energetic and uniform pointwise estimates. These estimates allow us to observe the impact of the aneurysm on some properties of the solution.
UK Civil Society: Changes and Challenges in the Age of New Public Governance and the Marketized Welfare State
Authors: Harris Margaret
Published: November 2017

This paper offers an empirically-based overview of changes and challenges for UK civil society in the first years of the twenty-first century. It draws together recent published research findings about volunteering and smaller civil society organizations, discerning themes in published studies by the author and other researchers. It concludes with a discussion about the inter-relationship between changes in civil society and changes in public policy, including new public governance and the marketization of the welfare state.
Repression of the Spanish Protest Movement – Mechanisms and Consequences
Authors: Simsa Ruth
Published: November 2017

Based on longitudinal qualitative research, the paper analyses manifestations and mechanisms of the repression of activists of the Spanish protest movement 15M, and effects of this repression perceived by activists. To contextualize this, the background of the movement, its goals, and its achievements are described. The movement started in 2011, protesting the social crisis, the consequences of austerity policies, and corruption. It had viable effects on the framing of the current situation, in political attitudes and also, indirectly, on the political system. The Spanish government has responded to movement activities with repression and with new laws that interviewees characterize as a further restriction of the civil right to demonstrate and protest. Findings indicate that the combination of overt and covert repression have effects far beyond the manifest acts of the repression itself.
Comparative study of stirred and fluidized tank reactor for hydroxyl-kojic acid derivatives synthesis and their biological activities
Authors: Lajis Ahmad Firdaus B. , Hamid Muhajir , Ahmad Syahida , Ariff Arbakariya B.
Published: November 2017

Background

Study on the synthesis of kojic acid derivatives (KADs) in solvent-free system using scalable reactors and their biological activities is still lacking.

Methods

In this study, two types of KADs, were synthesized using saturated-fatty acid [lauric acid (LA)] and unsaturated-fatty acid [oleic acid (OA)] in stirred tank reactor (STR) and fluidized tank reactor (FTR). The yield and biological activities of the synthesized KADs were evaluated and compared.

Results

The highest yield of KADs (42.95%) was obtained in the synthesis using OA, with molar ratio of 1:1, enzyme loading of 5% (w/v), temperature of 70°C, using immobilized lipase N435 in STR. However, FTR may provide biocatalyst protection and reusability with reduced loss of KADs yield up to three cycles. In antioxidant assay, the hydroxyl-unsaturated-fatty acid of kojic acid (HUFA-KA) showed better activity as compared to hydroxyl-saturated-fatty acid of kojic acid (HSFA-KA) at concentrations ranging from 125 to 2000 μg/mL. In contrast, HSFA-KA showed better cytotoxicity effect against G361 melanoma cell as compared to HUFA-KA.

Conclusion

The yield of KADs obtained in STR was higher than that obtained in FTR. HUFA-KA could be used as potential lipophilic antioxidant while HSFA-KA has the potential to be used to treat melanoma skin disorder.
Microsatellite-based characterization of cotton genotypes for verticillium wilt and fiber quality traits
Authors: Saeed Amna , Elçi Eminur
Published: November 2017

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is the most important natural textile fiber crop grown worldwide. Several biotic and abiotic stress factors affect cotton yield due to lower genetic diversity for the traits of particular interest. Verticillium wilt (VW) is one of the major factors incurring huge cotton yield losses. The most effective management option against VW is the development of resistant cultivars. The resistant cultivars must also have superior fiber quality and yield traits. Therefore, the current study was aimed at screening some of the identified simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers for VW resistance and fiber quality traits of cotton genotypes in Turkey. Fifty different cultivars were screened with 30 SSR markers. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was conducted to amplify the SSR markers. The amplified bands were scored as 0 or 1 for absence and presence, respectively. For the molecular data analysis, polymorphism information content (PIC) values of molecular markers were calculated. Among tested SSR markers 13 were found polymorphic, which produced a total of 677 loci. The number of alleles per marker ranged from 1 to 4 and, overall average PIC values of markers ranged from 0.00 to 0.76, respectively. Principal component analysis executed on presence absence data yielded two distinct groups of cultivars screened. Hierarchical clustering revealed low genetic diversity among the tested cultivars. Based on the results TamcotCamdES, Gloria, Natalia, Lydia, Teks, Tamcot SP37H, N87 and BA525 are the promising cultivars for further breeding studies. The results of the current study also revealed that 4 SSR markers (DPL752 and DPL322 for fiber traits, DPL0022 and GH215 for VW resistance) out of 30 could be used for improving VW resistance and fiber quality in cotton through marker assisted selection.
Natural gas facility methane emissions: measurements by tracer flux ratio in two US natural gas producing basins
Authors: Yacovitch Tara I. , Daube Conner , Vaughn Timothy L. , Bell Clay S. , Roscioli Joseph R. , Knighton W. Berk , Nelson David D. , Zimmerle Daniel , Pétron Gabrielle , Herndon Scott C.
Published: November 2017

Methane (CH4) emission rates from a sample of natural gas facilities across industry sectors were quantified using the dual tracer flux ratio methodology. Measurements were conducted in study areas within the Fayetteville shale play, Arkansas (FV, Sept–Oct 2015, 53 facilities), and the Denver-Julesburg basin, Colorado, (DJ, Nov 2014, 21 facilities). Distributions of methane emission rates at facilities by type are computed and statistically compared with results that cover broader geographic regions in the US (Allen et al., 2013, Mitchell et al., 2015). DJ gathering station emission rates (kg CH4 hr–1) are lower, while FV gathering and production sites are statistically indistinguishable as compared to these multi-basin results. However, FV gathering station throughput-normalized emissions are statistically lower than multi-basin results (0.19% vs. 0.44%). This implies that the FV gathering sector is emitting less per unit of gas throughput than would be expected from the multi-basin distribution alone. The most common emission rate (i.e. mode of the distribution) for facilities in this study is 40 kg CH4 hr–1 for FV gathering stations, 1.0 kg CH4 hr–1 for FV production pads, and 11 kg CH4 hr–1 for DJ gathering stations. The importance of study design is discussed, including the benefits of site access and data sharing with industry and of a scientist dedicated to measurement coordination and site choice under evolving wind conditions.
Gathering pipeline methane emissions in Fayetteville shale pipelines and scoping guidelines for future pipeline measurement campaigns
Authors: Zimmerle Daniel J. , Pickering Cody K. , Bell Clay S. , Heath Garvin A. , Nummedal Dag , Pétron Gabrielle , Vaughn Timothy L.
Published: November 2017

Gathering pipelines, which transport gas from well pads to downstream processing, are a sector of the natural gas supply chain for which little measured methane emissions data are available. This study performed leak detection and measurement on 96 km of gathering pipeline and the associated 56 pigging facilities and 39 block valves. The study found one underground leak accounting for 83% (4.0 kg CH4/hr) of total measured emissions. Methane emissions for the 4684 km of gathering pipeline in the study area were estimated at 402 kg CH4/hr [95 to 1065 kg CH4/hr, 95% CI], or 1% [0.2% to 2.6%] of all methane emissions measured during a prior aircraft study of the same area. Emissions estimated by this study fall within the uncertainty range of emissions estimated using emission factors from EPA’s 2015 Greenhouse Inventory and study activity estimates. While EPA’s current inventory is based upon emission factors from distribution mains measured in the 1990s, this study indicates that using emission factors from more recent distribution studies could significantly underestimate emissions from gathering pipelines. To guide broader studies of pipeline emissions, we also estimate the fraction of the pipeline length within a basin that must be measured to constrain uncertainty of pipeline emissions estimates to within 1% of total basin emissions. The study provides both substantial insight into the mix of emission sources and guidance for future gathering pipeline studies, but since measurements were made in a single basin, the results are not sufficiently representative to provide methane emission factors at the regional or national level.
Sellar plasmacytoma presenting with symptoms of anterior pituitary dysfunction
Authors: Ferreira Ana G , Silva Tiago N , Luiz Henrique V , Campos Filipa D , Cordeiro Maria C , Portugal Jorge R
Published: November 2017

Sellar plasmacytomas are rare and the differential diagnosis with non-functioning pituitary adenomas might be difficult because of clinical and radiological resemblance. They usually present with neurological signs and intact anterior pituitary function. Some may already have or eventually progress to multiple myeloma. We describe a case associated with extensive anterior pituitary involvement, which is a rare form of presentation. A 68-year-old man was referred to our Endocrinology outpatient clinic due to gynecomastia, reduced libido and sexual impotence. Physical examination, breast ultrasound and mammography confirmed bilateral gynecomastia. Blood tests revealed slight hyperprolactinemia, low testosterone levels, low cortisol levels and central hypothyroidism. Sellar MRI showed a heterogeneous sellar mass (56 × 60 × 61 mm), initially suspected as an invasive macroadenoma. After correcting the pituitary deficits with hydrocortisone and levothyroxine, the patient underwent transsphenoidal surgery. Histological examination revealed a plasmacytoma and multiple myeloma was ruled out. The patient was unsuccessfully treated with radiation therapy (no tumor shrinkage). Myeloma ultimately developed, with several other similar lesions in different locations. The patient was started on chemotherapy, had a bone marrow transplant and is now stable (progression free) on lenalidomide and dexamethasone. The presenting symptoms and panhypopituitarism persisted, requiring chronic replacement treatment with levothyroxine, hydrocortisone and testosterone.

Learning points:

Plasmacytomas, although rare, are a possible type of sellar masses, which have a completely different treatment approach, so it is important to make the correct diagnosis.

Usually, they present with neurological signs and symptoms and a well-preserved pituitary function, but our case shows that anterior pituitary function can be severely compromised.

Making a more extensive evaluation (clinical and biochemical) might provide some clues to this diagnosis.
Repetition
Authors: Dauphinee Elizabeth
Published: November 2017

Utilizing a first-person narrative, this essay chronicles a mother’s examination of the hidden politics of behavioural psychology as clinically applied to her three-year-old autistic child.
Individual, Organizational, and Institutional Predictors of the Granting of Employer-sponsored Disability Accommodations
Authors: Breward Katherine
Published: November 2017

This research examines the predictors of accommodation granting among adult workers with disabilities using data collected from 5,418 respondents to a Statistics Canada post 2006 census survey called the Participation and Activity Limitation Survey.  Using a rational choice perspective that focuses on perceived utility (limited by social identity effects),  I test a series of hypotheses about individual, organizational, and institutional variables that predict willingness to grant disability-related workplace accommodations.  One key finding is that different predictors are significant for different types of accommodations, highlighting the need to avoid generalizing from one type of accommodation to another.  Another important finding is that, as a category, individual variables directly related to disability explained a greater amount of variance in accommodation granting than other aspects of personal identity, organizational factors, or institutional variables. There was evidence that decision-making was influenced by stereotyping and the stigmatization of particular disability types.  There was also evidence that occupational and industry-based logics of appropriateness are salient for the most commonly requested types of accommodations.  Meanwhile institutional forces meant to act as behavioural controls, such as legislation and union protection, do not seem to be having the intended positive influence on accommodation provision in the workplace. The findings suggest that other forms of intervention, such as community education, may be required to encourage greater access to workplace accommodations.
Review of Greenwald, B. H., & Murray, J. J. (Eds.), "In Our Own Hands: Essays in Deaf History, 1780-1970."
Authors: Barron Sandy R.
Published: November 2017

Chapters in this volume offer new perspectives on how deaf Americans responded to and affected American debates on oralism, eugenics, religious life, state formation, and citizenship.
Review of Samuels, E. (2014), "Fantasies of Identification: Disability, Gender, Race"
Authors: Stojanovic Nevena
Published: November 2017

The nineteenth century American trend of identifying and classifying human bodies arose from the simultaneous development of several complex historical processes: “greater geographic and class mobility; urbanization, colonialism and expansion; the beginnings of the welfare state; and challenges to racial and gendered hierarchies” (1). Since the 1800s, “fantasies of identification” have been marked by a unifying characteristic—a tendency to “claim a scientific, often medical framework and function to consolidate the authority of medicine,” even though they “often exceed or contradict any actual scientific basis” (2-3). In Fantasies of Identification: Disability, Gender, Race, Ellen Samuels examines various ailments that unified “under the modern signifier of disability” in the 1800s (20). She uses the social model of disability, which highlights how differences from and exceptions to standards of normalcy caused social anxieties regarding the standardization and classification of human bodies (21).
An analysis of integrated health care for Internet Use Disorders in adolescents and adults
Authors: Lindenberg Katajun , Szász-Janocha Carolin , Schoenmaekers Sophie , Wehrmann Ulrich , Vonderlin Eva
Published: November 2017

Background and aims

Although first treatment approaches for Internet Use Disorders (IUDs) have proven to be effective, health care utilization remained low. New service models focus on integrated health care systems, which facilitate access and reduce burdens of health care utilization, and stepped-care interventions, which efficiently provide individualized therapy.

Methods

An integrated health care approach for IUD intended to (a) be easily accessible and comprehensive, (b) cover a variety of comorbid syndromes, and (c) take heterogeneous levels of impairment into account was investigated in a one-armed prospective intervention study on n = 81 patients, who were treated from 2012 to 2016.

Results

First, patients showed significant improvement in Compulsive Internet Use over time, as measured by hierarchical linear modeling. Effect sizes of outcome change from baseline to 6-month follow-up ranged from d = 0.48 to d = 1.46. Second, differential effects were found depending on patients’ compliance, demonstrating that high compliance resulted in significantly higher rates of change. Third, patients referred to minimal interventions did not differ significantly in amount of change from patients referred to intensive psychotherapy.

Discussion

Tailored interventions result in higher efficiency through optimized resource allocation and equal amounts of symptom change in all treatment conditions. Moreover, comprehensive, low-threshold interventions seem to increase health service utilization.
Old English and Old Norwegian noun phrases with two attributive adjectives
Authors: Bech Kristin
Published: November 2017

The topic of this paper is Old English and Old Norwegian noun phrases containing two attributive adjectives. An overview of the frequency of various word order constellations will be given, before we zoom in on one of them, namely the construction Adjective – Adjective – Noun, i.e. noun phrases in which two prenominal adjectives occur next to each other without a coordinating conjunction. Old English and Old Norwegian will be compared with respect to which adjectives occur in this position. The paper also includes an intermezzo, during which we investigate what happens to adjective position when a text is translated from present-day English into Old English.
Unlike phrase structure category coordination
Authors: Dalrymple Mary
Published: November 2017

We present a feature-based theory of phrase structure category labelswhich assigns an appropriate category to unlike category coordinationssuch as (Fred is) [[a Democrat] and [proud of it]]: wepropose that unlike category coordinations are specified as includingfeatures of the phrase structure categories of each of the conjuncts.
A full-fledged hierarchical lexicon in LFG: the FrameNet approach
Authors: Przepiórkowski Adam
Published: November 2017

The aim of this paper is to propose a fully hierarchical organisation of valency information in Lexical Functional Grammar, inspired by recent LFG work on using templates to encode valency. The particular proposal rather closely follows FrameNet's inheritance hierarchy, makes heavy use of templates to encode multiple inheritance, and avoids the problem of multiple inheritance of semantic resources.
From LFG structures to dependency relations
Authors: Meurer Paul
Published: November 2017

In this article, I describe the derivation of dependency structures from LFG analyses, with a focus on the Norwegian grammar NorGram. Although it is the f-structures that at a first glance resemble dependency structures most, I show that c-structures are the correct starting point for the conversion, and I outline a conversion algorithm that relies on information from both c- and f-structure, the projection operator, and the grammar itself. The derived dependency structures are projective with non-atomic relations, but can be converted into nonprojective dependencies with atomic relations, and further into Universal Dependency-style structures. As an application, I describe how derived dependency versions of the NorGramBank gold-standard treebank are used to train dependency parsers with acceptable precision.
Use of geotechnical numerical methods with Eurocode 7
Authors: Lees Andrew S.
Published: November 2017

The first extensive coverage of numerical methods in a geotechnical design code has required extensive study within the geotechnical numerical analysis community, focused on the pros and cons of the different factoring approaches to verifying ultimate limit states (ULS) of geotechnical structures. The resistance factoring approach may be used to verify adequate safety against a particular failure form occurring in relatively simple cases, but for more routine designs the material factoring approach (MFA) is considered more suited to numerical methods. The action effect factoring approach (EFA) applies a relatively constant safety margin to structural forces in most cases, but there are some situations where lower than expected ground strength has a significant effect on structural forces and EFA would not provide adequate reliability. Therefore, a dual factoring approach (MFA and EFA) is recommended where the most onerous structural forces obtained from each are used in the verification of structural ULS. A design example using numerical methods as well as conventional calculation methods is used to illustrate some of the issues where it was found that the selection of calculation method had a far greater influence on many of the outputs of design values than the factoring approach.
Acoustic emission pattern of shale under uniaxial deformation
Authors: Wang Y. , Li C. H. , Hu Y. Z. , Miao S. J.
Published: November 2017

The brittle fracture mechanism of shale is an important issue to both borehole stability and hydraulic fracturing. A number of experimental studies on shale macroscopic mechanical properties have been carried out; however, the acoustic emission (AE) patterns of anisotropic shale are not fully understood. In this paper, a series of uniaxial compressive strength tests were conducted on cylindrical shale obtained by drilling at different orientations to the bedding plane. The anisotropic failure modes of shale samples have been monitored by real-time AE monitoring and stress–strain response, under ambient conditions and uniaxial stresses. The experimental results suggest that the pronounced bedding planes of shale have a significant influence on the mechanical properties and the AE responses. The AE counts and AE accumulative energy release curves clearly indicate the initiation and propagation of cracks during compression, and the ‘U’ shaped curves well reflect the anisotropic failure mechanism. The sounded foliation in the shale formation results in the anisotropy of elasticity, strength, AE counts and accumulated energy release from which the changes in strength dominate the entire failure pattern of shale samples. It is suggested that the AE activities monitored during deformation can provide good information to grasp the anisotropic failure mechanism of shale.
Is it possible to achieve sustained remission or cure of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the 21st century?
Authors: Shestakova M V , Sklyanik I A , Dedov I I
Published: November 2017

A practitioner has a wide range of the hypoglycemic drugs for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treatment, which can be used within a normal or near-normal range for long-term glycemic control. However, the question remains whether there are ways to achieve not only satisfactory glycemic control, but also T2DM remission (or even complete cure). The review presents an update on the concept of T2DM remission and describes the ways of its possible achievement with non-drug and drug treatments and surgery. The mechanisms of T2DM remission are given.
Time course of changes in cytokines (IFN-γ, IFN-α, IL-18, TNF-α) in the treatment of moderate influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 (2013-2016) with oseltamivir (Tamiflu) and umifenovir (Arbidol) alone and in combination with Kagocel
Authors: Popov A F , Simakova A I , Dmitrenko K A , Shchelkanov M Yu
Published: November 2017

Aim. To assess correlation of cytokines levels and therapy regimes a relationship of the time course of changes in the cytokines IFN-γ, IFN-α, IL-18, and TNF-α to the treatment option for influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 with umifenovir (Arbidol) 800 mg/day for 5 days (n=50); oseltamivir (Tamiflu) 150 mg/day for 5 days (n=50); umifenovir (Arbidol) 800 mg/day for 5 days in combination with Kagocel 72 mg/day for 2 days.; 36 mg/day for 2 days (n=50); oseltamivir ((Tamiflu) (150 mg/day for 5 days) in combination with Kagocel 72 mg/day for 2 days; 36 mg/day for 2 days (n=50). A comparison group consisted of 30 healthy volunteers. Material and methods. The state of immunologic reactivity was assessed twice: at admission of the patients to an infectious disease clinic (at 1—3 disease days) and in the early convalescent period (at 7—8 disease days): venous blood samples were collected to determine the concentrations of IFN-γ, IFN-α, IL-18, and TNF-α by a solid-phase enzyme immunoassay. Results. All the patients in the acute phase of influenza A showed a statistically significant increase in the levels of IFN-γ, IFN-α, and IL-18 as compared with the control group. The groups receiving monotherapy in the early convalescent period had a decrease in the IFN-γ, IFN-α, and IL-18 concentrations that could be compensated by the combined use of the immunomodulator Kagocel. No statistically significant changes in the levels of TNF-α were found in the patients of all the groups, but the groups receiving monotherapy exhibited its lower concentrations in the convalescence period. Conclusion. The combination of etiotropic antiviral drugs with Kagocel enhances the efficiency of antiviral therapy. Monitoring of antiviral cytokines during the treatment of influenza A is a convenient tool to verify the efficiency of antiviral therapy and needs to be more widely introduced into medical practice.
Recombinant human parathyroid hormone in the therapy of hypoparathyroidism
Authors: Eremkina A K , Mokrysheva N G , Kovaleva E V , Krupinova Yu A
Published: November 2017

Hypoparathyroidism is an endocrine disease that results from deficiency or complete absence of parathyroid hormone (PTH), a biologically active 84-amino acid polypeptide. Standard therapy for chronic hypoparathyroidism includes oral calcium salts and active vitamin D metabolites and is aimed at maintaining a balance between optimal near-normal serum calcium concentration and normocalcuria. Traditional treatment regimens not always lead to the compensation for calcium and phosphorus metabolism. Until recently, hypoparathyroidism is the only endocrine disorder that has not been treated with the recombinant hormone. To date, two recombinant PTH forms have been synthesized, which can be used as pathogenetic therapy for hypoparathyroidism. This review is dedicated to replacement therapy for hypoparathyroidism, by using both the full-length PTH molecule (1—84) and its shorter, but fully active, PTH form (1—34). This review considers stages in the developmental of hormone replacement therapy for hypoparathyroidism, discusses the most rational dosing regimens, and compares their efficacy and safety, as well as prospects for the development of this area.
Enteral failure and metabolic syndrome: Common neurohormonal mechanisms of development, possibilities of their rational therapy
Authors: Vakhrushev Ya M , Lyapina M V
Published: November 2017

The paper deals with small bowel (SB) functional disorders in metabolic syndrome (MS). The main components of a cascade of metabolic abnormalities in MS are closely due to SB functional changes. This is associated to some extent with the presence of common neurohormonal mechanisms in the development of enteropathy and MS. The paper gives the physical, laboratory and instrumental methods for identifying SB dysfunctions in patients with MS. Therapy for the latter is of particular interest in the context of SB functional recovery. The authors discuss the possibilities of enteropathy therapy in patients with MS; thus there is not only SB functional recovery, but also improved overall metabolic processes.