bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The experience of living with and managing cystic fibrosis related diabetes: a qualitative review
Authors: Collins Sarah , Jones Andrew , Woodward Sue , Sturt Jackie
Published: November 2022

Background

Improved survival rates for people with cystic fibrosis have led to increased rates of co-morbidity, of which diabetes is the most common. Cystic fibrosis related diabetes affects 19% of adolescents and up to 50% of adults, although little is known about their experiences of this co-morbidity.

Aims

To investigate the experiences of living with and managing cystic fibrosis related diabetes among adolescents and adults.

Methods

Systematic review and thematic analysis of qualitative evidence.

Results

Six studies, rated good quality, were included in the review and four main themes emerged from the data: knowledge and understanding; emotional and social impact; balancing both conditions; acceptance and adjustment. Although the main themes reflect adolescent and adult experiences, there were subtle variations in their sub-themes. Participants' overriding story was of journeying towards acceptance and integration of cystic fibrosis related diabetes into their lives. This included their unpreparedness for the likely onset of cystic fibrosis related diabetes and their struggles to balance the competing demands of living with and managing cystic fibrosis and diabetes.

Conclusions

The diagnosis of cystic fibrosis related diabetes and its incorporation into daily life is challenging for many people with cystic fibrosis. Review findings indicate opportunities for cystic fibrosis related diabetes interventions pre-diagnosis, at diagnosis, and during ongoing management, which need integrating into routine cystic fibrosis care.
Challenges faced by nurse managers during the COVID-19 pandemic: an integrative review
Authors: Aydogdu Ana Luiza Ferreira
Published: November 2022

Background:

Nurses have crucial roles in caring for patients and preventing the spread of COVID-19. Therefore, nurse managers have a prominent role during the pandemic, being responsible for the support and training of the nursing team to ensure quality care. While performing their duties in this time of fear and uncertainty, nurse managers face several challenges.

Aim:

To identify the challenges faced by nurse managers during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods:

It is an integrative literature review whose search for articles was carried out in Medline, PubMed and Scopus. Qualitative content analysis was used.

Results:

Twelve primary research studies were included. Four themes emerged: (1) Workplace demands, (2) Impacts on physical and psychological health, (3) Coping measures and resilience and (4) Recommendations to better support nurse managers in times of crisis. Nurse managers had their roles expanded or completely changed, and they experienced many pressures and stressors in the workplace. Nurse managers also faced physical and psychological health problems. Nurse managers drew on experience; management skills; social media applications; support from family, colleagues and hospital administrators; training, and continuing education to solve the problems that emerged due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Organisations should use collaborative, inclusive and participatory practices for better crisis management.

Conclusions:

Knowing the experiences of nurse managers during the pandemic period may help health institutions and policymakers better prepare for emergencies.
Influence of match status in ball possessions in the FIFA Women’s World Cup France 2019
Authors: Iván-Baragaño Iyán , Maneiro Rubén , Losada José L , Ardá Antonio
Published: November 2022

There is little scientific knowledge about the influence of the match status criteria (winning, drawing, losing) in ball possessions in women’s football. Therefore, the aims of this study were: (i) to discover how technical-tactical criteria in ball possessions in women’s football are modified based on the match status, and (ii) to find out which criteria provide the best probability for offensive success (i.e. goal, shot, and sent to area) under the influence of match status. To this end, 2323 ball possessions were analyzed in the FIFA Women’s World Cup France 2019 using observational methodology. Two types of analysis were applied: firstly, a bi-variate analysis between match status and the rest of the criteria, followed by a predictive multivariate binary logistic regression analysis. The results obtained from the bi-variate analysis reveal the existence of significant statistical differences in the start and development of ball possessions in this championship depending on the match status. On the other hand, there was no evidence of differences when it comes to goal scoring, shots, and passes into the area based on these criteria. From the logistic regression models used, it was observed that there is a common pattern of success regardless of the match status, consisting of ball possessions that start in forward zones, in contexts of offensive interaction and with the intention of rapid progression toward the opponent’s goal. These results could be used for planning match and training strategies in elite women’s football.
Aerodynamic analysis during the in-run phase of ski jumping: A numerical study of body posture effects
Authors: Li Wangbin , Chen Long , Zhao Tianyu , Xu Gaohang , Li Qian , Shi Wanli
Published: November 2022

The performance of ski jumping has a strong correlation to the in-run speed at take-off, which is underpinned by multi-disciplinary principles. Conventional research on the aerodynamics of ski jumping is supported by wind tunnels while the fluid physics leading to the performance is underexplored. Using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods, the aerodynamic drag, and its underlying flow patterns of seven typical in-run postures of a national-team athlete are investigated. The athlete model, including the suits and gear, are constructed through three-dimensional (3D) scanning. An optimal posture is proposed for this specific athlete to minimize the aerodynamic drag during the in-run. The critical adjustment of the posture is to spread the forearms and hands into a straight position. The effects of in-run speed on the aerodynamic drag production are related to the evolution of vortical structures around the athlete. This research encourages the usage of the CFD method in determining the optimal posture of ski jumping (during both in-run and flight phases) and thus serves as another critical technique in training. Our results also infer that the optimal posture should be customized for each athlete according to their biological features and training background.
COVID-19 is not associated with worse long-term inflammatory bowel disease outcomes: a multicenter case–control study
Authors: Hong Simon J. , Bhattacharya Sumona , Aboubakr Aiya , Nadkarni Devika , Lech Diana , Ungaro Ryan C. , Agrawal Manasi , Hirten Robert P. , Greywoode Ruby , Mone Anjali , Chang Shannon , Hudesman David P. , Ullman Thomas , Sultan Keith , Lukin Dana J. , Colombel Jean-Frederic , Axelrad Jordan E.
Published: November 2022

Background:

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is not associated with worse coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes. However, data are lacking regarding the long-term impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection on the disease course of IBD.

Objectives:

We aimed to investigate the effect of COVID-19 on long-term outcomes of IBD.

Design:

We performed a multicenter case–control study of patients with IBD and COVID-19 between February 2020 and December 2020.

Methods:

Cases and controls were individuals with IBD with presence or absence, respectively, of COVID-19-related symptoms and confirmatory testing. The primary composite outcome was IBD-related hospitalization or surgery.

Results:

We identified 251 cases [ulcerative colitis ( n = 111, 45%), Crohn’s disease ( n = 139, 55%)] and 251 controls, with a median follow-up of 394 days. The primary composite outcome of IBD-related hospitalization or surgery occurred in 29 (12%) cases versus 38 (15%) controls ( p = 0.24) and on multivariate Cox regression, COVID-19 was not associated with increased risk of adverse IBD outcomes [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 0.84, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.44–1.42]. When stratified by infection severity, severe COVID-19 was associated with a numerically increased risk of adverse IBD outcomes (aHR: 2.43, 95% CI: 1.00–5.86), whereas mild-to-moderate COVID-19 was not (aHR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.38–1.23).

Conclusion:

In this case–control study, COVID-19 did not have a long-term impact on the disease course of IBD. However, severe COVID-19 was numerically associated with worse IBD outcomes, underscoring the continued importance of risk mitigation and prevention strategies for patients with IBD during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
Pancreatic cyst fluid glucose: a rapid on-site diagnostic test for mucinous cysts
Authors: Zamir Efrat , Zelnik Yovel Dana , Scapa Erez , Shnell Mati , Bar Nir , Bar Yishay Iddo , Ziv-Baran Tomer , Younis Fadi , Phillips Adam , Lubezky Nir , Shibolet Oren , Ben-Ami Shor Dana
Published: November 2022

Background:

Pancreatic cystic fluid (PCF) analysis is frequently used for cyst diagnosis with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) being the most accepted biomarker. Low glucose levels in PCF were previously suggested as a marker for mucinous cysts. A bed-side glucometer is a point-of care, immediate, simple, and cheap method which requires a small volume of PCF.

Objectives:

The aim of our study was to identify the optimal glucose cut-off level for identifying mucinous cysts, evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of glucose compared to CEA, and validate glucometry against reference laboratory biochemical analysis.

Design:

A single-center prospective cohort study.

Methods:

Consecutive patients aged 18 and older, who underwent pancreatic cyst evaluation, at the Tel Aviv Medical Center between 2016 and 2021 were analyzed. Cyst type was defined based on clinical, laboratory, and radiologic findings. Glucose was measured using laboratory biochemical analysis and two glucometers. Receiver operating characteristic analysis derived sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were calculated and McNemar test was used to compare between methods.

Results:

One hundred and one PCF samples were evaluated. The areas under the receiver operating characteristics curve for identifying mucinous cysts using glucometer, glucose laboratory, and their combination were 0.88 ( p < 0.001), 0.92 ( p < 0.001), and 0.93 ( p < 0.001), respectively. A glucose level of 87 mg/dL was identified as the optimal laboratory glucose threshold value to detect mucinous cyst with a sensitivity of 90.9%, specificity of 83.3%, and accuracy of 89.3, higher in comparison to cyst fluid CEA. Furthermore, PCF glucose levels had the strongest association with mucinous cysts.

Conclusion:

Our findings suggest that PCF glucose level is more accurate than CEA for the diagnosis of mucinous cysts. Glucometry glucose level assessment demonstrated an excellent correlation with laboratory glucose measurements and may become a useful diagnostic test.
A glance into the future of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis
Authors: Casal Moura Marta , Branco Carolina , Martins-Martinho Joana , Ferraro José Luís , Berti Alvise , Nogueira Estela , Ponte Cristina
Published: November 2022

In the past decade, unprecedented progress has been made in understanding the pathogenesis, diagnosis, assessment, and treatment of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitides (AAVs). International collaborations and input from several fields (e.g. immunology, rheumatology, and nephrology) have been critical for analyzing demographics, disease manifestations, and outcomes in clinical research studies. Such efforts opened new avenues for generating novel questions and rationale to design better clinical trials. In addition, clinical research has been a source of several biological discoveries and the starting point for knowledge seeking on the pathophysiology of AAV. Interestingly, the blending of clinical and basic research provides a platform for personalized medicine. Despite recent revisions on AAV classification, the incorporation of new findings on disease genetics and immunologic responses may soon result in changes in clinical practice. These advances will enhance the selection of more specific and targeted therapies. However, current unmet needs in the management of AAV are still sizable and heavily impact long-term survival. Especially, frequent relapses, damage accrual, and high morbidity contribute to poor outcomes. Finally, the lack of defined biomarkers for disease activity and the prognosis is a permanent challenge in AAV research. Our work provides an overview of the current state of the art in AAV literature and suggests bridges for the remaining knowledge gaps. It offers potential future directions for the clinical assessment, management, and research in the field toward a more personalized medicine approach.
Diabetes Technology: Many Steps From an Idea to a Product
Authors: Thomas Andreas , Heinemann Lutz
Published: November 2022

The development of technology, for example in the field of information technology or biotechnology and genetic engineering, has been breathtaking in recent decades. Development has also been rapid in the field of diabetes technology. However, no “technical cure” for diabetes has yet been achieved. Patients and also diabetes experts ask themselves why the availability of modern technologies does not automatically become visible in medical technology. They feel a gap between high technology and diabetes technology. However, the development and marketing of any product is an ever-increasing challenge. This will be mastered the faster; the higher the general dissemination, the higher the amortization of investments will be. It is generally necessary to understand the multiple steps from the idea of a product to its application to people.
Continuous Glucose Deviation Interval and Variability Analysis (CG-DIVA): A Novel Approach for the Statistical Accuracy Assessment of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems
Authors: Eichenlaub Manuel , Stephan Peter , Waldenmaier Delia , Pleus Stefan , Rothenbühler Martina , Haug Cornelia , Hinzmann Rolf , Thomas Andreas , Jendle Johan , Diem Peter , Freckmann Guido
Published: November 2022

Background:

The accuracy of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems is crucial for the management of glucose levels in individuals with diabetes mellitus. However, the discussion of CGM accuracy is challenged by an abundance of parameters and assessment methods. The aim of this article is to introduce the Continuous Glucose Deviation Interval and Variability Analysis (CG-DIVA), a new approach for a comprehensive characterization of CGM point accuracy which is based on the U.S. Food and Drug Administration requirements for “integrated” CGM systems.

Methods:

The statistical concept of tolerance intervals and data from two approved CGM systems was used to illustrate the CG-DIVA.

Results:

The CG-DIVA characterizes the expected range of deviations of the CGM system from a comparison method in different glucose concentration ranges and the variability of accuracy within and between sensors. The results of the CG-DIVA are visualized in an intuitive and straightforward graphical presentation. Compared with conventional accuracy characterizations, the CG-DIVA infers the expected accuracy of a CGM system and highlights important differences between CGM systems. Furthermore, it provides information on the incidence of large errors which are of particular clinical relevance. A software implementation of the CG-DIVA is freely available ( https://github.com/IfDTUlm/CGM_Performance_Assessment ).

Conclusions:

We argue that the CG-DIVA can simplify the discussion and comparison of CGM accuracy and could replace the high number of conventional approaches. Future adaptations of the approach could thus become a putative standard for the accuracy characterization of CGM systems and serve as the basis for the definition of future CGM performance requirements.
Incidence and factors related to SARS-CoV-2 infection in a cohort of patients with rheumatoid arthritis from a health service provider in Colombia during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Valladales-Restrepo Luis Fernando , Machado-Duque Manuel Enrique , Gaviria-Mendoza Andrés , Ospina-Arzuaga Harrison David , Ruiz-Zapata Maritza , Machado-Alba Jorge Enrique
Published: November 2022

Background:

Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection due to intrinsic characteristics of the pathology and the medications used to treat it. The aim was to evaluate the incidence of and factors related to SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with RA in Colombia.

Methods:

This was an observational study of patients diagnosed with RA who were treated at a health care institution in Colombia. The study evaluated whether the patients presented SARS-CoV-2 infection and other clinical variables. Variables associated with the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection were identified.

Results:

A total of 2566 patients with RA were identified. They had a median age of 61.9 years, and 81.1% were women. They were mainly treated with synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) (85.3%), glucocorticoids (52.2%), and biological DMARDs (26.8%). The incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was 5.1%, and the factors that increased the risk included treatment with synthetic DMARDs with or without biological DMARDs but with concomitant systemic glucocorticoids [odds ratio (OR): 2.18, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.21–3.93 and OR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.05–2.74, respectively] and receiving antidiabetic drugs (OR: 2.24, 95% CI: 1.27–3.94). A total of 20.8% of patients with COVID-19 required hospitalization and 3.8% died.

Conclusion:

The incidence of COVID-19 is higher among patients with RA who receive DMARDs and glucocorticoids simultaneously or who have diabetes mellitus than among patients with RA not receiving these drug combinations, which should guide treatment strategies.
Smartphones and telemedicine for older people in China: Opportunities and challenges
Authors: Zhang Chi
Published: November 2022

The development of 5G technology has brought major advances and diverse challenges in healthcare services for older people, and access to equitable telemedicine is a high priority. Smartphones are most commonly used device to access the internet and bring the convenience of telemedicine to the user's fingertips. In the period where aging and informatization coexist in China, the role of smartphones in their daily lives, long-term care, and future opportunities and challenges needs serious reconsideration. We provide the latest evidence of smartphone use among the older adults of China and expound on issues about fairness in accessing mobile health, the substantial digital divide, and potential drawbacks of problematic smartphone use.
Feasibility of a smartphone app to monitor patient reported outcomes in multiple sclerosis: The haMSter interventional trial
Authors: Altmann Patrick , Ponleitner Markus , Monschein Tobias , Krajnc Nik , Zulehner Gudrun , Zrzavy Tobias , Leutmezer Fritz , Rommer Paulus Stefan , Kornek Barbara , Berger Thomas , Bsteh Gabriel
Published: November 2022

Background

Monitoring of patient outcomes in multiple sclerosis (MS) is fundamental for individualized treatment decisions. So far, these decisions have been motivated by conventional outcomes, i.e., relapses or clinical disability supported by radiological disease activity. Complementing this concept, patient reported outcomes (PROs) assess individual health-related quality of life, among other constructs. Their inclusion in clinical routine, however, has been challenging as assessing them requires resources of time and personnel.

Objective

This interventional feasibility study investigated the haMSter app, a mobile health solution for remote and longitudinal monitoring of PROs in a sample of people with MS (pwMS).

Methods

The core feature of haMSter is the provision of three PRO questionnaires relevant to MS (anxiety/depression, MS-related quality of life, and fatigue) that patients can fill out once a month. For this feasibility trial, we offered 50 volunteers to use the haMSter app over six months and to take part in a haMSter study visit. This consultation concluded the study and participants had the opportunity to discuss their graphically plotted PRO results with their treating physician.

Results

The main outcome was overall patient adherence to monthly completion of the PRO questionnaires, which remained high up to 4 months (98%) and dropped over time (months 5: 83% and 6: 66%). Exploratory outcomes included patient satisfaction as estimated on the Telemedicine Perception Questionnaire (TMPQ, 17–85 points). The mean TMPQ score was 64 (95%CI: 62–66) points, indicating a high degree of approval. Ancillary tests included subgroup analyses of participants with particularly high or low satisfaction and upper extremity disability as a potential obstacle to utility or acceptance. We found no distinct characteristics separating participants with high or low satisfaction.

Conclusions

In this first feasibility trial, the haMSter app for longitudinal PRO monitoring was well received in terms of adherence and satisfaction. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04555863.
The use of social media to search for weight reduction information: Assessment of the perception among a sample of Saudi adults
Authors: Alzaben Abeer S , Alzaidy Khawlah I , Alghamdi Mona A , Alanzi Raghad A , Aljohari Rawan T , Alahaideb Reema A , Benajiba Nada
Published: November 2022

Objective

To assess the patterns, prevalence, and perceptions of the benefits and risks of using social media as a source of weight loss information among Saudi adults.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, convenient snowball sampling was used to recruit Saudi adults. A self-report questionnaire containing the following five sections was distributed: sociodemographic information, the pattern of social media use, use of social media to obtain weight loss information, perception of benefits, and perception of risks of using social media. A Chi-square test was used to identify differences according to participants' demographics.

Results

A total of 420 Saudi adults were included in the study. Most Saudi adults (43.3%) used social media for more than four hours a day, and 88.6% used WhatsApp. The prevalence of social media use for weight loss information was 89.2% among Saudi adults. Significant associations were found between the use of social media for weight loss information and age (<33 years old) and monthly income (<5000 Saudi Arabian Riyal) ( p ≤ 0.012). Of the participants, 71.7% believed that social media is “always” or “frequently” an easily acceptable way to obtain weight loss information. Moreover, 36% of Saudi adults believed that weight loss information on social media could be scientifically inaccurate, and 61% believed that it could be posted solely for marketing and financial purposes.

Conclusion

The findings of this study show that Saudi adults have a high prevalence of social media use to obtain weight loss information. The benefits and risks of using social media as a source of weight loss information were also perceived to be high among Saudi adults.
Using Community Health Workers to Address Barriers to Participation and Retention in Diabetes Prevention Program: A Concept Paper
Authors: Zare Hossein , Delgado Paul , Spencer Michelle , Thorpe Roland J. , Thomas Laurine , Gaskin Darrell J. , Werrell Lori K. , Carter Ernest L.
Published: November 2022

Objective:

The PreventionLink of Southern Maryland is a 5-year project to eliminate barriers to participation and retention in the National Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) lifestyle change program to prevent or delay the onset of type 2 diabetes in adults with prediabetes. This is the study to identify the obstacles to participation and retention in the DPP lifestyle change program among high burden populations and learn how CHWs have reduced the identified barriers to participation and retention for high burden populations.

Methods:

We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) to conduct this literature review. We have used the Scopus and PubMed, including all types of studies and peer-reviewed documents published in English between 2010 and 2020.

Results:

From 131 identified articles, 18 articles were selected for qualitative synthesis. The reviewed literature documented following as main barriers to participate in a DPP lifestyle change program: time, cost, lack of transportation, cost of transportation, commute distance, technology access, access to facilities and community programs, caregiver responsibilities, lack of health literacy and awareness, and language. CHWs can address these barriers to participation and retention, they were involved in educating and supporting roles; they worked as bridges between healthcare providers and participants and as intervention team members.

Conclusions:

Diabetes prevention program participants with social determinant risk factors who most need CHW services are unlikely to have financial resources to pay for CHW services out-of-pocket. Hence, the public and private health plans that pay for their prediabetes care should consider paying for these CHW services and there is a need to trust more to CHW and have them as a “community health teams” member.
Collegial, Competent, and Consultative Supervision: A Peer Supervision Approach for School Counselors
Authors: Chae Nancy
Published: November 2022

Collegial, competent, and consultative supervision is a practical, innovative approach to peer supervision for practicing school counselors. This integrative approach is inspired by Cheston’s Ways Paradigm framework, uses the Ronnestad and Skovholt model of counselor development, and is supported by empirical studies about peer consultation and supervision. This article suggests strategies for practicing school counselors to engage in peer supervision in collegial, competent, and consultative ways. It addresses limitations, implications, and future research directions.
Friendships, Rejection, and Standardized Test Scores Over Time
Authors: Rotheram-Fuller Erin , Locke Jill , Park Hyejin , Liou Daniel D.
Published: November 2022

Peer acceptance has been consistently linked with academic performance. Acceptance, however, is often a measure of overall peers’ impressions of a child, and not their own interest in being friends. Friendship nominations reflect a stronger, more persistent, peer endorsement than acceptance, and rejection nominations, similarly, reflect more direct negative feelings. In addition, most data on these relationships are from schools with children from middle class backgrounds who are predominantly White. This study focuses on friendship and rejection nominations among a sample of predominantly African American children ( N = 221) from low socioeconomic backgrounds in a large city in the Northeastern United States. All students in 10 classrooms from Grades 3 to 5 ( n = 123) and 6–8 ( n = 98), completed friendship and rejection measures, as well as standardized academic achievement tests, each Spring for 2 years. Reading and math scores increased for both groups over time. Friend and rejection nominations increased over time for younger students but decreased in the older group. Among younger students, friend nominations in the first year were related to reading performance in the second year. However, there were no relations between social variables in Year 1 and standardized test scores in Year 2 within the older grade group. Thus, focusing on both social and academic involvement in the elementary years may help improve student performance.
Investigating Learners’ Changing Expectations on Learning Experience in a MOOC of Professional Translation and Interpreter Training
Authors: Wei Wei , Yu Yi , Gao Ge
Published: November 2022

This study investigates the dynamic pattern of learners’ evaluation of their learning experiences on the MOOC platform at different stages. Data include 364 evaluative comments from the large MOOC in Consecutive Interpreting for a period of 15 weeks. The results of MANOVA test suggest that MOOC learners left significantly more comments on four areas at the later stage compared with those at the early stage: learning resources, learning community, learning opportunity, and student voice. It suggests that MOOC learners at a later stage are looking for a learning environment which supports self-assessment, peer feedback, and coaching to fulfil their personal needs and expectations. Moreover, qualitative thematic analysis suggests that learning resources addresses three areas: the design of the tasks, helpfulness, and diversity of the resources. Learning community largely refers to peer-feedback, co-instructions of peers, and instructors. Learning opportunities refers to the tasks which improve professional knowledge, self-regulated learning strategies, and language proficiency. Last, student voice indicates three types of tensions: the need for pre-existing knowledge to study MOOCs, learners’ diversified personal goals and teaching objectives of MOOCs, preferred learning strategies between MOOC designers and learners.
Comparative study between medial displacement calcaneal osteotomy using modified step plate and arthroereisis for management of planovalgus feet
Authors: Badawy Mostafa A , Kholeif Ahmed M , Radwan Yasser A , EL Sersawy Ahmed M
Published: November 2022

Background: Flexible flatfoot is a common condition that is characterized by hindfoot valgus with longitudinal medial-arch collapse. Many strategies for treatment have been reported but according to the current literature, controversy remains. Objectives: To compare the clinical and radiological outcomes of medializing calcaneal osteotomy utilizing modified step plate and subtalar arthroereisis utilizing conical subtalar implant for patients with symptomatic flexible pes planus. Methods: A prospective, randomized, double center study was conducted between May 2017 and May 2019 at the Foot and Ankle Department of Cairo University Hospital and El Sahel Teaching Hospital on 26 patients (37 feet) with flexible flat feet to compare between medial displacement calcaneal osteotomy using modified locked step plate (group A) compromising 17 feet and arthroereisis using subtalar implant (group B) compromising 20 feet. Results: By the end period of the study, 25 males and 12 females were available for our analysis of results with a mean follow-up period of 10.14 months (range 7–14 months), clinical scoring (American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society score, Foot Functional Index) with radiological analysis revealed a non-significant difference between both groups, the overall complication rate was 16.2%. Conclusion: Both medial displacement calcaneal osteotomy and subtalar arthroereisis significantly improved radiographic and subjective clinical outcome measures in the surgical treatment of painful flexible planovalgus feet. The less-invasive nature and lower potential morbidity suggest that judicious use of arthroereisis implants is an appropriate alternative.
Peritoneal endometriosis presenting as fever of unknown origin, ascites and peritoneal miliary spread: A rare case report and review of the literature
Authors: Maslenko Maria , De-Porto Atara , Stanleigh Jonathan , Sharvit Merav , Maklakovski Marina , Barel Oshri
Published: November 2022

Endometriosis associated with ascites is a rare form of endometriosis. We identified only 81 publications describing women with this pathology. The purpose of this review was to search the existing literature and to understand the clinical presentations and possible treatment options. A 28-year-old patient was admitted due to a fever of unknown origin and lower abdominal pain. Her CT scan was normal with some non-specific lymph-node enlargement up to 1.6 cm and the presence of ascites. Diagnostic laparoscopy revealed a large amount of hemorrhagic ascites. The entire peritoneal surface was covered with milliary nodules. The pathology report revealed peritoneal stromal endometriosis. Endometriosis is an important differential diagnosis in women with ascites and treatment of this form of endometriosis is a real dilemma.
Affective States and Emotional Exhaustion: Mediating Role of Depersonalisation and Personal Accomplishment
Authors: Sudha Kiran Sakkar , Saxena Manisha
Published: November 2022

The purpose of the study is to analyse the relationship of positive and negative affect with emotional exhaustion through the mediating effect of depersonalisation and personal accomplishment (undertaken as coping resources). It was posited that both depersonalisation and personal accomplishment will have an indirect effect on emotional exhaustion as they differ so profoundly. A sample of 291 from the manufacturing and IT sector participated in the study. To analyse the direct and indirect effects, IBM SPSS 25 and SmartPLS 2.0 were used. The findings reflect that affective states stimulate depersonalisation and personal accomplishment distinctly. Depersonalisation was a significant mediator linking affective states and emotional exhaustion. The binges of positive affect and emotion regulation are elaborated through the Broad and Build theory. Personal accomplishment marginally mediated emotional exhaustion. The results also provide support for questionable sequential measurement of burnout and affective bipolarity. The study empirically tested the developmental pathways between affective states and emotional exhaustion in the human services sector, and highlighted a more nuanced understanding of emotional regulation and dealing with burnout. Practical implications, as well as theoretical concerns, were highlighted.
Youth Sports Specialization and Its Effect on Professional, Elite, and Olympic Athlete Performance, Career Longevity, and Injury Rates: A Systematic Review
Authors: McLellan Maddison , Allahabadi Sachin , Pandya Nirav K.
Published: November 2022

Background:

Limited data are available on the long-term consequences of early sports specialization in high-level athletes.

Purpose:

To evaluate the existing literature on the effects of sports specialization among professional, Olympic, and other elite athletes.

Study Design:

Systematic review; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

We performed a systematic review of studies from 1990 to 2021 on youth sports specialization in professional, elite, and/or Olympic athletes following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. An elite athlete was defined as one who performed at the highest level of his or her sport, beyond college level. Data were summarized according to 6 objectives: (1) definitions of specialization, age at specialization, and participation in other sports; (2) motivation for specialization; (3) athlete perspectives on specialization; (4) performance data; (5) specialization and injury risk; and (6) career longevity.

Results:

From 8756 articles, 29 studies were included, of which 17 (58.6%) were survey-based studies. Of the 8 articles that commented on injury risk, all demonstrated reduction in injury risk in athletes who delayed specialization. Performance benefits were apparent with later specialization in 7 of 9 articles; the remaining 2 showed benefit with earlier specialization in marathon runners and soccer players. There were less definitive results on career longevity, with 5 of 9 articles finding no association between career longevity and sports specialization.

Conclusion:

Although current data on sports specialization in elite, professional, and Olympic athletes are mostly retrospective and survey-based evidence, most sports demonstrate better performance after youth multisport engagement, and youth sports specialization was linked with increased injury risk in athletes at the highest levels of competition.
Player Position and Labral Tear Location and Size in NCAA Division I Football Players Undergoing Arthroscopic Surgery
Authors: Wagala Nyaluma N. , Winkler Philipp W. , Godshaw Brian M. , Popchak Adam , Hughes Jonathan D. , Lin Albert , Musahl Volker
Published: November 2022

Background:

Shoulder instability attributed to glenoid labral tears is common among National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) football players. Certain repetitive activities by player position may contribute to instability.

Purpose:

To compare the location of labral tears among player positions in NCAA Division I football.

Study Design:

Cross-sectional study.

Methods:

We conducted a review of football players who underwent shoulder labral repair between 2000 and 2020 at a single institution. Inclusion criteria were NCAA Division I level, diagnosis of shoulder instability, and labral tear requiring arthroscopic repair. Exclusion criteria were prior surgery on injured shoulder and incomplete medical records. Players were divided into 3 groups: line players (offensive and defensive linemen, defensive end), skill players (defensive back, wide receiver, running back, and quarterback), and hybrid players (linebacker and tight end). Labral tear location and size were recorded using the clockface method and categorized into 6 zones: superior, anterosuperior, anteroinferior, inferior, posteroinferior, and posterosuperior. Comparison of variables was performed using chi-square test or Fisher exact test (categorical) and 1-way analysis of variance or Kruskal-Wallis H test (continuous). The Spearman rank-order correlation was used to assess relationships between continuous data.

Results:

Of the 53 included players, 37 (70%) were offensive linemen, defensive linemen, and linebackers. There were 29 line players, 11 skill players, and 13 hybrid players. Line players represented 55% of included players and had the most total labral tears as compared with all groups. Hybrid players had a significantly higher percentage of posterosuperior tears than line players (92% vs 52%; P = .015) and skill players (92% vs 27%; P = .002). Skill players had a significantly higher percentage of anterior tears at 3:00-4:00 and 5:00-6:00 when compared with hybrid players (82% vs 15%, P = .003; 82% vs 31%, P = .012, respectively). There was a positive correlation between labral tear size and number of suture anchors ( 0; P = .010).

Conclusion:

In this study of NCAA Division I football players, skill players had a higher proportion of anteroinferior labral tears, and hybrid players had a higher proportion of posterosuperior labral tears.
Investigating Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Mental Health of Nursing Students During Remote Learning: An Experience from Dong A University, Vietnam
Authors: Hai Nguyen Thi , Thi Ha Lai , Tran Cong Huyen Trang , Thi Van Tran , Hua Thi Le Oanh , Vo Le Thanh Thuy , Thi Nga Pham , Do Thi Thuy Minh , Nguyen Thi Thanh Huyen , Thi Quynh Vu Chi , Vinh Pham Phu Tran , My Tran Thi
Published: November 2022

Introduction

There was a radically changed in nursing education during the nationwide lockdown due to the COVID-19 outbreaks. The transition to remote learning stressed nursing students in many countries, particularly in Vietnam. However, there is still lacking a novel study to describe the mental characteristics of nursing students in detail.

Objectives

To assess the mental health of nursing students, including stress, anxiety, and depression, and to identify the related factors to their mental health during the online study period because of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 540 nursing students at Dong A university using a socio-demographic questionnaire, the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale - 21 Items (DASS-21). Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and tests, including Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, and Spearman's correlation to identify the related factors.

Results

In total 540 participants, nursing students reported stress (N  =  120, 22.2%), anxiety (n  =  195, 36.1%), and depression symptoms (n  =  135, 23.1%). There was a significant relationship between age, work status, married status, number of children, stress, anxiety, and depression (P < 0.01). In addition, our study showed a negative correlation between frequency of physical activity, perceived health and stress (r  =  -0.117; p < 0.01, r  =  -0.127, p < 0.01), anxiety (r  =  -0.133; p < 0.01, r  =  -0.112, p < 0.01), depression (r  =  -0.134; p < 0.01, r  =  -0.135, p < 0.01). A significant relationship was observed between e-learning space and Internet status with mental health (p < 0.05). Especially, there was no association between average online learning time, academic workload, stress, anxiety, and depression (p > 0.05). However, the authors found a positive association between perceived level of stress related to evaluative activities and stress, anxiety, depression (r  =  0.120, p < 0.01; r  =  0.089, p < 0.05; r  =  0.088, p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Nursing students suffered stress, anxiety, and depression during online learning due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the presence of some related factors. Therefore, this study may increase more attention of universities, families, and governments to reduce the stress of nursing students during distance education.
Conducting oral and written language adapted tele-assessments with early elementary-age children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Conner Carlin , Henry Alyssa R , Solari Emily J , Zajic Matthew C
Published: November 2022

Background and aims

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, tele-health has gained popularity for both providing services and delivering assessments to children with disabilities. In this manuscript, we discuss the process of collecting standardized oral language, reading, and writing tele-assessment data with early elementary children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and offer preliminary findings related to child and parent engagement and technology issues.

Methods

The data presented are from pretest assessments during an efficacy study examining the electronic delivery of a listening comprehension intervention for children with ASD. Pretest sessions included a battery of standardized language, reading, and writing assessments, conducted over Zoom. The authors operationalized and developed a behavioral codebook of three overarching behavioral categories (parent involvement, child disengagement, and technology issues). Researchers coded videos offline to record frequencies of indicated behaviors across participants and assessment subtests.

Results

Involvement from parents accounted for the highest number of codes. Children showed some disengagement during assessment sessions. Technology issues were minimal. Behavioral categories appeared overall limited but varied across participants and assessments.

Conclusions

Parent involvement behaviors made up approximately two-thirds of the coded behaviors. Child disengagement behaviors made up approximately one-fourth of the coded behaviors, and these behaviors occurred more frequently across many different participants (with lower frequencies but greater coverage across children). Technology problems specific to responding to assessment items were relatively uncommon.

Implications

Clear guidelines including assessment preparation, modification of directions, and guidelines for parents who remain present are among the implications discussed. We also provide practical implications for continued successful adapted tele-assessments for children with ASD.
I Want What I Want- Period! Our Consumption of Corporate Harms
Authors: Rothe Dawn L. , Collins Victoria E.
Published: November 2022

There is a relative bankruptcy of critical criminological scholarship that acknowledges the underpinnings of a hyper-consumer society and our willful and/or inadvertent legitimation of corporate power and subsequent harms. If we look deeper into our consumption and the mundane choices we make, our role in the faciliation of crimes of the powerful becomes frighteningly apparent. We argue here that in our everyday lives, our consumption of propaganda of fear and the hegomonic discourse of security, our technofetishism for the latest consumer electronic gadgets, our consumption of fashion and food, and a host of other actions and choices are done without thinking of how we are complicit in the perpetual cycle of harms and violence of corporations.
Grasp the prior ecosystem services in multi-objective ecological restoration
Authors: Liu Yanxu , Wang Chenxu , Dong Jianquan , Zhang Junze , Fu Bojie
Published: November 2022

Multi-objective ecological restoration has the potential ability to provide social-ecological benefits according to different demands, contributing to sustainable development. However, the current multi-objective ecological restoration strategies are mostly dependent on supply-based benefits assessment for ecosystem services enhancement and tend to ignore the priority in different social-ecological systems. We discuss three questions, including why it is important to distinguish primary and secondary weights of ecological restoration objectives; what relationships exist between ecological restoration objectives and ecosystem services across scales; and what the future influences of regional development are on the social-ecological benefits after ecological restoration. Under the four perspectives of supply–demand matching, cost–benefit matching, global–local matching, and present–future matching, we emphasize the need for new approaches in the enhancement of prior ecosystem services to meet global and local demands of current and future social-ecological benefits in ecological restoration. Multi-objective ecological restoration should further emphasize quantifying the dynamics of ecosystem services supply and demand under different ecological restoration objectives, and prioritize the temporal characteristics of the trade-off between multiple benefits of ecological restoration to evaluate long-term benefits with upfront economic costs. Moreover, it is necessary to explore how to establish a regional or global unified market depended on the payments for ecosystem services in ecological restoration.