bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE NARRATIVE WORLD OF NATIVE AMERICANS SEEN FROM THE ADAPTATION OF OHIYESA IN BURY MY HEART AT WOUNDED KNEE
Authors: Nurcahyo Rachmat
Published: July 2020

Native American narratives are often presented through media presenting native American figures. Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee (BMHWK) is a non-fiction history-based film that tells the fate of Native Americans against white colonialism. The key figure in the film, Ohiyesa, is an adaptation of Native American figures from the The Indian Boyhood (TIB) written by Charles Eastman. This article reveals the meaning of the character Ohiyesa in the film Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee. This research used an adaptation approach. Data obtained from the exploration of the figure of Ohiyesa in TIB and BMHWK. Data analysis was performed by conducting a comparative analysis of Ohiyesa at TIB and BMHWK. The results of the analysis show: (1) Ohiyesa character was adapted and dominantly raised by the name of Charles Eastman, (2) this character revealed the memory of deprivation of Native American culture, (3) the character functioned as an assimilation agent, and voiced the concept of cultural assimilation by white Americans. Ohiyesa was made an assimilation agent by the American government. With a strong presentation through his success through his role as a doctor and lobbyist, the American government offers a new life expectancy to American society, which is a cultural assimilation. Ohiyesa has become a symbol of the helplessness and evaluation of the future of Native Americans.Keywords: ohiyesa, native American, narrative, symbol of the helplessness,DUNIA NARATIF PRIBUMI AMERIKA DILIHAT DARI ADAPTASI OHIYESA DALAM BURY MY HEART AT WOUNDED KNEEAbstrakNarasi terkait pribumi Amerika sering dimainkan melalui media yang menyuguhkan tokoh pribumi Amerika. Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee (BMHWK) merupakan film berbasis buku historical non fiction yang menceritakan nasib pribumi Amerika melawan kolonialisasi kulit putih. Tokoh kunci dalam film tersebut, Ohiyesa, merupakan adaptasi tokoh pribumi Amerika dari teks The Indian Boyhood (TIB) karya Charles Eastman. Artikel ini mengungkap pemaknaan terhadap tokoh Ohiyesa dalam film Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan adaptasi. Data didapatkan dari eksplorasi tokoh Ohiyesa dalam TIB dan BMHWK. Analisis data dilakukan dengan membandingkan Ohiyesa dalam TIB and BMHWK. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa: (1) Karakter Ohiyesa diadaptasi dan secara dominan dimunculkan dengan nama Charles Eastman, (2) Karakter ini mengungkap mengungkap memori perampasan budaya pribumi Amerika, (3) karakter tersebut difungsikan sebagai agen asimilasi, dan menyuarakan konsep asimilasi budaya oleh kulit putih Amerika. Ohiyesa dijadikan agen asimilasi oleh pemerintah Amerika. Dengan pemaparan kuat melalui keberhasilan dia melalui perannya sebagai dokter sekailgus pelobi parlemen, pemerintah Amerika menawarkan harapan hidup baru kepada pribumi Amerika, yaitu sebuah asimilasi budaya. Ohiyesa telah menjadi simbol dari ketakberdayaan dan gambaran masa depan pribumi Amerika.Kata kunci: Ohiyesa, pribumi Amerika, narasi, simbol ketakberdayaan
DECENTRING THE HUMAN, IMAGINING THE MORE-THAN-HUMAN (Poetry, Plants, and the New England Region of Australia)
Authors: Ryan John Charles
Published: July 2020

Located in the state of New South Wales, Australia, the Northern Tablelands bioregion is a high plateau landscape unique for its geological, faunal, and floristic variety. Known widely as the New England of Australia, the Tablelands is “a strange, almost inverted landscape” of undulating plains aside steep chasms. This article analyzes poetry about the flora of the New England Tablelands region of New South Wales, Australia. The article focuses on the importance of plants and poetry to the biocultural heritage of Australia. The research objective was to understand the natural and cultural dimensions of Tablelands plants as expressed in poetry. The research involved visiting botanical communities, examining historical documents, interviewing conservationists, and writing poetry. The results suggest that poetry encourages engagement with, and respect for, human and more-than-human life. The article concludes that, in the Anthropocene age, environmental poetry is essential to environmental ethics. Keywords: poetry, ecopoetics, plants, New England Tablelands, Australia  MEMULIAKAN MANUSIA, IMAJINASI MELEBIHI BATAS KEMANUSIAAN(Puisi, Tanaman, dan Wilayah New England Australia) Abstrak               Terletak di negara bagian New South Wales, Australia, bioregion Tablelands Utara adalah lanskap dataran tinggi yang unik karena keanekaragaman geologis, fauna, dan floristiknya. Dikenal luas sebagai New England of Australia, Tablelands adalah "pemandangan aneh, lanskap yang hampir terbalik" dari dataran bergelombang dan jurang yang curam. Artikel ini menganalisis puisi tentang flora wilayah New England Tablelands di New South Wales, Australia. Artikel ini berfokus pada pentingnya tanaman bagi warisan biokultural Australia. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk memahami dimensi alami dan budaya tanaman Tablelands seperti yang diungkapkan dalam puisi. Penelitian ini melibatkan mengunjungi komunitas botani; memeriksa dokumen sejarah; mewawancarai konservasionis; dan menulis puisi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa puisi mendorong keterlibatan dengan, dan menghormati, kehidupan manusia dan lebih dari-manusia. Artikel itu menyimpulkan bahwa, di zaman Anthropocene, puisi lingkungan sangat penting bagi etika lingkungan.   Kata kunci: puisi, ekopuisi, tanaman, New England Tablelands, Australia
Automated Fall Detection Algorithm With Global Trigger Tool, Incident Reports, Manual Chart Review, and Patient-Reported Falls: Algorithm Development and Validation With a Retrospective Diagnostic Accuracy Study
Authors: Dolci Elisa , Schärer Barbara , Grossmann Nicole , Musy Sarah Naima , Zúñiga Franziska , Bachnick Stefanie , Simon Michael
Published: July 2020

Background

Falls are common adverse events in hospitals, frequently leading to additional health costs due to prolonged stays and extra care. Therefore, reliable fall detection is vital to develop and test fall prevention strategies. However, conventional methods—voluntary incident reports and manual chart reviews—are error-prone and time consuming, respectively. Using a search algorithm to examine patients’ electronic health record data and flag fall indicators offers an inexpensive, sensitive, cost-effective alternative.

Objective

This study’s purpose was to develop a fall detection algorithm for use with electronic health record data, then to evaluate it alongside the Global Trigger Tool, incident reports, a manual chart review, and patient-reported falls.

Methods

Conducted on 2 campuses of a large hospital system in Switzerland, this retrospective diagnostic accuracy study consisted of 2 substudies: the first, targeting 240 patients, for algorithm development and the second, targeting 298 patients, for validation. In the development study, we compared the new algorithm’s in-hospital fall rates with those indicated by the Global Trigger Tool and incident reports; in the validation study, we compared the algorithm’s in-hospital fall rates with those from patient-reported falls and manual chart review. We compared the various methods by calculating sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values.

Results

Twenty in-hospital falls were discovered in the development study sample. Of these, the algorithm detected 19 (sensitivity 95%), the Global Trigger Tool detected 18 (90%), and incident reports detected 14 (67%). Of the 15 falls found in the validation sample, the algorithm identified all 15 (100%), the manual chart review identified 14 (93%), and the patient-reported fall measure identified 5 (33%). Owing to relatively high numbers of false positives based on falls present on admission, the algorithm’s positive predictive values were 50% (development sample) and 47% (validation sample). Instead of requiring 10 minutes per case for a full manual review or 20 minutes to apply the Global Trigger Tool, the algorithm requires only a few seconds, after which only the positive results (roughly 11% of the full case number) require review.

Conclusions

The newly developed electronic health record algorithm demonstrated very high sensitivity for fall detection. Applied in near real time, the algorithm can record in-hospital falls events effectively and help to develop and test fall prevention measures.
A Smartphone App in Promoting Mental Wellbeing and Awareness of Anxiety Disorders for Adolescents: A Pilot Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Sun Yuying , Wang Man Ping , Ho Sai Yin , Chan Christian S. , Man Patrick K.W. , Kwok Tyrone , Wan Alice N.T. , Lam Tai Hing
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

Mental health problems in adolescents are prevalent while population-based interventions for improving mental wellbeing of adolescents are limited.

OBJECTIVE

To design a smartphone app and evaluate its effect on promoting mental wellbeing of adolescents and awareness of anxiety disorders.

METHODS

A pilot cluster randomised controlled trial was conducted with 2 secondary schools (390 students, mean age 13.1 years) randomised to the intervention and control groups. A smartphone app was designed for one month’s use to promote mental wellbeing through “Sharing, Mind and Enjoyment (SME)” related interactions between students and their parents (e.g., express gratitude to family in words or actions), with assistance of App designers in releasing SME tasks daily. The waitlist control group was offered the app after completing all assessments. The primary outcomes were SME behaviours measured at 3-month after baseline. Secondary outcomes included subjective happiness, wellbeing, personal health and happiness, family health, happiness and harmony, self-perceived knowledge and understanding of anxiety disorders. Two focus groups of students and three individual in-depth interviews of service providers were conducted.

RESULTS

In the intervention students, 11.2% used the app together with parents and 45.4% used it without involving parents. The intervention group did not show significant difference in the change of SME behaviours at 1-month or 3-month compared with the control group. The intervention group showed greater increase in the awareness of anxiety disorders at follow-ups than the control group (Cohen’s d=0.52 at 1-month and 0.43 at 3-month, both P<0.001). Post-hoc analysis showed significantly greater increase in SME-related behaviours in the adherent subgroup than the control group at 3-month (d=0.46, P=0.04). The interviews found favourable changes in app users, but motivation of using the app was low in general. Both students and community partners suggested primary school students would be more receptive users.

CONCLUSIONS

The app did not show effectiveness in increasing SME behaviours of students but was effective in increasing awareness of anxiety disorders. Further improvements and tests among younger children and their parents are warranted.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03361475
The Flint Center for Health Equity Solutions’ Dissemination and Implementation Science Core: Study Protocol (Preprint)
Authors: Drahota Amy , Uphold Heatherlun , Hailemariam Maji , Bustos Tatiana E. , Evans Luther , Furr-Holden Debra , Johnson Jennifer E.
Published: July 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Background
Focused dissemination and implementation (D&I) of research results is a key strategy for improving public health. While federally-funded research centers are required to have a dissemination core, these efforts are typically directed toward academics (e.g., manuscripts, academic presentations) with limited focus on broader dissemination efforts to community stakeholders, evaluation of D&I processes, or the public health impact associated with the D&I efforts. An opportunity exists to combine the dissemination core requirement in center grants with specific dissemination and implementation research aims. This study protocol describes aims of the “Dissemination and Implementation Science Core” (DISC), developed as part of the NIMHD-funded Flint Center for Health Equity Solutions (FCHES). The FCHES is a Transdisciplinary Collaborative Center focused on reducing health disparities and chronic disease prevention in Region 5 of the United States. The DISC intends to develop D&I strategies for the FCHES research projects, conduct research on the effectiveness of D&I practices, and produce generalizable knowledge about strategies facilitating the translation of research outcomes into community-based settings.
Methods/Design
The DISC consists of both applied dissemination aims as well as D&I research aims, including: (1) Reduce research-to-practice gap in health promotion trials in Flint, Michigan and Region 5; (2) Disseminate FCHES research activities to local and regional stakeholders; (3) Increase community capacity to utilize dissemination, implementation and sustainment strategies in underserved minority-majority communities; (4) Increase community capacity to affect health equity policy change; and (5) Evaluate contextual factors affecting public health effort sustainment. The proximal intended audience of the DISC’s efforts includes the FCHES academic and community partners, and regional stakeholders, such as providers, policymakers, community-based health and advocacy organizations, and consumers.
Discussion
To our knowledge, this is the first center-funded dissemination core that focuses on the conduct of D&I science research, collaboration to embed D&I research methods into the broader center project efforts, and application of these findings in real-world, community-based settings. Moreover, the lessons learned through the DISC may help guide future center dissemination cores. Including D&I science research into center project activities from the outset may facilitate more efficient uptake of research findings and yield greater public health outcomes.
Critical review of social distancing in the workplace during the COVID-19 pandemic (Preprint)
Authors: Lakhouit Abderrahim
Published: July 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

This article summarizes what we know and what we need to know about social distancing and its importance in reducing the COVID-19 virus (SARS-CoV-2). Many countries around the world have developed social distancing policies to curb COVID-19 infection rates among their population. The virus that causes COVID-19 is transmitted from human to human, so social distancing is key to mitigating the spread of the illness. According to government and non-governmental organizations reporting on COVID-19 in the literature, there is currently no general consensus regarding social distancing in the workplace. The recommended distances range from 1 to 11 meters. Moreover, neither meteorological parameters nor engineering ventilation methods are taken in account in estimating safe social distancing in the workplace. According to our investigations, 10 meters is recommended to save lives for vulnerable persons.
COMPARISON OF VOLUMETRIC SHRINKAGE OF COMPOSITE RESIN NANOCERAMIC AND NANOFILLER
Authors: MASULILI BANI IMRAN , SUPRASTIWI ENDANG , ARTININGSIH DEWA AYU NYOMAN PUTRI , NOVISTA CATERIN
Published: July 2020

Objective: The main cause of failure of composite resin restorations is volumetric shrinkage. The aim of this study was to analyze and comparevolumetric shrinkage in nanohybrid and nanoceramic composite resins.Methods: A total of 32 (3 cm×3 cm× 2 mm) cavities were analyzed for volume using micro-CT. The samples were divided randomly into two groups: 16 cavities that were restored using nanohybrid composite resin and 16 cavities that were restored using nanoceramic composite resin. The composite resin volume was analyzed using micro-CT.Results: The difference in volumetric shrinkage between nanohybrid composite resin 245,866.5 mm3 (3%) and nanoceramic composite resin 3,470,175.13 mm3 (5%) was not significant (p=0.585).Conclusion: Nanohybrid and nanoceramic composite resins have the same volumetric shrinkage rate.
COMPARISON OF DENTINAL TUBULAR PENETRATION OF THREE BIOCERAMIC SEALERS
Authors: MARISSA CELINE , USMAN MUNYATI , SUPRASTIWI ENDANG , ERDIANI ANITA , MEIDYAWATI RATNA
Published: July 2020

Objective: The main objective of endodontic treatment is to remove microorganisms from the root canal space and prevents reinfection. Deep penetration of the dentinal tubule is advantageous because it increases the contact area between the root canal filling material and dentin, thereby increasing the sealing quality of the entire root canal system. Bioceramic sealers are biocompatible, nontoxic, non-shrinking, hydrophilic, and stable, do not expand during setting, and can form hydroxyapatite, which then forms chemical bonds with dentin to compare the abilities of three types of bioceramic-based sealers to penetrate the dentinal tubules.Methods: Obturation used three types of bioceramic sealers. Group 1 (calcium phosphate silicate), Group 2 (a mixture of tricalcium silicate and resin), and Group 3 (pure tricalcium silicate) were observed using a scanning electron microscope and measurement of the penetration distance with ImageJ.Results: The bioceramic sealers had statistically significant differences in penetration distance into dentinal tubules (p’s<0.001). The mean penetration value of Group 1 (calcium phosphate silicate) was 115.99 μm, Group 2 (a mixture of tricalcium silicate and resin) was 209.28 μm, and Group 3 (pure tricalcium silicate) was 84.07 μm.Conclusion: Although all three bioceramic sealers penetrated the dentinal tubules, they exhibited differences in their penetration capabilities. Group 2 had the deepest penetration, likely due to the resin content.
ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT OF 0.2% CHLORHEXIDINE AND 1% CHITOSAN MOUTHWASH ON BACTERIA DURING ORTHODONTIC MINISCREW USE
Authors: HASRIATI ERLINA , ANGGANI HARU SETYO , PURBIATI MARIA , BACHTIAR ENDANG WINIATI
Published: July 2020

Objective: Inflammation is one of the most common complications observed when using orthodontic miniscrews. Chlorhexidine mouthwash can beused to prevent and reduce the degree of inflammation, but long-term use of this solution may lead to some side effects. This study sought to evaluatethe peri-miniscrew antibacterial effect of 1% chitosan, a biomaterial with antibacterial properties, relative to 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash.Methods: A randomized, double-blind clinical trial was conducted at the Dental Teaching Hospital and Oral Biology Research Laboratory at theUniversity of Indonesia from February to June 2019. Thirty subjects (25 females and five males) were randomly assigned to rinse with 1% chitosan(n=10), 0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate (n=10), and Aquadest (n=10) in addition to their usual oral hygiene procedure for 4 days. Peri-miniscrewclinical inflammation signs were recorded and peri-miniscrew plaque collected before and after 4 days of rinsing. The total bacterial and red-complexbacteria count in plaque samples were evaluated by a real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results: Chitosan and chlorhexidine showed antibacterial activity, reducing total bacterial count around orthodontic miniscrews (p<0.05). Theantibacterial activity of chitosan on total bacteria was not significantly different from that of chlorhexidine (p≥0.05). Regarding the antibacterialactivity of chitosan on red-complex bacteria, the best result seen was a 58% bacteria count reduction in Tannerella denticola.Conclusion: Chitosan has potential antibacterial activity and could be used in mouthwash to maintain peri-miniscrew hygiene.
THE EFFECTS OF MIXTURES OF VARIOUS CONCENTRATIONS OF CARBOXYMETHYL CHITOSAN/AMORPHOUS CALCIUM PHOSPHATE WITH GYPSUM ON DENTIN REMINERALIZATION
Authors: MAHARTI IKE DWI , SUPRASTIWI ENDANG , SETIATI HASTI DWI , YAMIN ERLIYANA , CAHYANI ANDI NURWALINI
Published: July 2020

Objective: Carboxymethyl chitosan/amorphous calcium phosphate (CMC/ACP) is a non-collagen protein analog with the ability of dentinremineralization, and gypsum is a compound material than can facilitate application of CMC/ACP. CMC/ACP concentration is claimed to increasecalcium and phosphate concentration, which indicates dentin remineralization. The aim of this study is to observe the effects of different concentrationsof CMC/ACP mixed with gypsum on dentin remineralization.Methods: Occlusal cavities were created in 18 freshly extracted teeth, and the teeth were divided into three groups. The first group consisted ofuntreated demineralized dentin, and the second and third groups were treated with mixtures of 2.5% and 5% CMC/ACP and gypsum. All groupswere checked and analyzed on the 14th day using scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and one-way ANOVA (p<0.05).Results: Significant differences (p=0.001) of calcium and phosphate concentrations were found between Groups I, II, and III (p=0.001), whereas nodifferences were found between Groups II and III.Conclusion: Gypsum and CMC/ACP work synergistically to induce dentin remineralization. The highest dentin remineralization was shown by 5%CMC/ACP-gypsum mixture, but the level was not statistically different from that of 2.5% CMC/ACP-gypsum mixture.
EFFECT OF THREE POLISHING SYSTEMS ON THE ROUGHNESS AND GLOSSINESS OF NANOCERAMIC COMPOSITE RESIN
Authors: LOLITA LIDYA , SUPRASTIWI ENDANG , ARTINIGSIH DEWA AYU NYOMAN PUTRI , KUSWADI ANDRIA
Published: July 2020

Objective: The purpose of resin polish is to produce a restored surface that is similar to that of enamel. The objective of this study was to analyze thepolishing effect of three systems in terms of the comparative roughness or glossiness achieved with nanoceramic composite resin.Methods: Forty samples of nanoceramic composite resin were divided into four groups as follows: Group 1 was the control group, whichinvolved polymerization using Mylar strips; Group 2 involved a one-step polishing method; Group 3 involved a two-step method; and Group4 involved a four-step method. After performing these methods, the comparative roughness and glossiness of the resulting surfaces weremeasured.Results: Group 4 generated the lowest roughness value, with an almost equal value to that of the control group, which was followed by Group 3 andGroup 2. The best surface in terms of glossiness was achieved in Group 4.Conclusion: The polishing system involving the four-step method generated the lowest roughness value and the highest surface glossiness value.
SMEAR LAYER REDUCTION IN ROOT CANALS PREPARED WITH TRIANGULAR AND RECTANGULAR FILES AS EVALUATED BY SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
Authors: HERISA MEITA , MAHARANI NONI , MEIDYAWATI RATNA , ARTININGSIH DEWA AYU NYOMAN PUTRI , NAZAR KAMIZAR
Published: July 2020

Objective: Root canal preparation procedures can produce a smear layer when in contact with the root canal wall, which can result in treatmentfailure. As such, the cross-section shape of the file may influence the production of smear layer. In this study, we compared the smear layer productionat the apical third of the root canal wall between files with a triangular or rectangular cross-section shape.Methods: Thirty-two human premolar samples taken from mandibles were divided into two groups whose root canals were prepared using fileswith either a triangular (One Curve®, n=16) or rectangular (Hyflex EDM®, n=16) cross-section shape. After preparation, the root canals were irrigatedwith a combination of 2.5% NaOCl and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). The smear layers in the apical third of the root canal walls wereobserved using a scanning electron microscope and quantified according to the Foschi scoring system.Results: The Mann–Whitney U-test revealed a significant difference between root canal preparations using the different file shapes. The groupprepared with the triangular file produced lower smear layer scores compared with the group prepared with the rectangular file.Conclusion: Root canal preparations using files with different cross-section shapes (e.g., triangular and rectangular), followed by irrigation with 2.5%NaOCl and 17% EDTA, produced smear layers in the apical third area. However, root canal preparations using files with a triangular cross-sectionshape were shown to reduce smear layer production compared with files with a rectangular cross-section shape
PROSTAGLANDIN LEVELS IN GINGIVAL CREVICULAR FLUID IN PERIODONTITIS PATIENT WITH HYPERTENSION
Authors: PRIHARNANTO RADITYA , LESSANG ROBERT , MASULILI SRI LELYATI C , TADJOEDIN FATIMAH MARIA , RAHDEWATI HERLIS , WULANDARI PITU , AUERKARI ELZA IBRAHIM
Published: July 2020

Objective: Periodontitis is an infection that involved tooth-supporting tissues by dental plaque biofilm on the tooth surface and host immune responseas causal to as inflammation resolution. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) as an inflammatory mediator has been implicated in the pathogenesis of variouschronic inflammatory diseases, including periodontitis, and as a regulator of blood pressure. This study aims to compare the levels of prostaglandinin the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of periodontitis patients with hypertension and non-hypertension.Methods: A total sample of 62 patients was examined and consists of 44 patients (aged 50–90 years) who were hypertension group and 18 patients(aged 30–49 years) who were non-hypertension groups as a control. Hypertension state was measured by blood pressure based on anamnesisand using sphygmomanometer mercury. The clinical sample was collected from 62 gingival crevicular fluids [GCF] of periodontal disease subject.Measurement of the clinical parameter of probing pocket depth [PD], and bleeding on probing [BOP ≥1] was included as a diagnostic requisition.The PD and clinical attachment loss [CAL] was defined as present if the PD was ≥5 mm and CAL was ≥1 mm. Prostaglandin E2 level was estimated ingingival crevicular fluid samples by using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results: The level of PGE2 was statistically significant difference in hypertension patient compare with non-hypertension (p<0.05). There was asignificant difference in PD, recession, and CAL (p<0.05).Conclusion: Higher blood pressure might be related to the potential risk of inflammation and progression periodontal disease.
RELATIONSHIP OF METHYL MERCAPTAN AND HYDROGEN SULFIDE LEVELS WITH TANNERELLA FORSYTHIA QUANTITY IN PERIODONTITIS PATIENTS WITH HALITOSIS AND DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: FITRIA ADINDA R , SOEROSO YUNIARTI , NATALINA  , TAHAPARY DICKY L , BACHTIAR BOY M
Published: July 2020

Objective: Halitosis may be caused by several factors, including various types of food, periodontal diseases, layer of tongue bacteria, and systemicdisorders such as diabetes mellitus (DM), which is a chronic disease that affects the health of periodontal tissue. The present study aimed to assessthe association between the quantity of Tannerella forsythia bacteria and the levels of methyl mercaptan and hydrogen sulfide in periodontitis patientswith type 2 DM (T2DM).Methods: Gingival crevicular fluids (GCF) were collected from 20 patients who were divided into those with periodontitis and who were normoglycemic(n=8); those with periodontitis and T2DM (n=8); and healthy controls (n=4). The patients underwent intraoral periodontal tissue examination,including pocket depth, attachment loss, plaque index, calculus index, and papilla bleeding index. The quantity of T. forsythia bacteria was evaluatedusing quantitative real-time reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. The relationship between the number of T. forsythia bacteria and thelevels of methyl mercaptan and hydrogen sulfide in the patients was analyzed by Spearman’s correlative tests.Results: There is a weak and non-significant correlation (p>0.05) between the levels of methyl mercaptan and hydrogen sulfide and the quantity ofT. forsythia in the GCF and tongue coating of periodontitis patients with halitosis regardless of the presence of T2DM.Conclusion: This study suggests no significant relationship between the levels of methyl mercaptan and hydrogen sulfide and the quantity ofT. forsythia in periodontitis patients with halitosis and DM.
COMPARISON OF THREE BIOCERAMIC SEALERS IN TERMS OF DENTINAL SEALING ABILITY IN THE ROOT CANAL
Authors: RICARDO SHALINA , MARISSA CELINE , USMAN MUNYATI , SUPRASTIWI ENDANG , YUSUF RENNA MAULANA , MEIDYAWATI RATNA
Published: July 2020

Objective: The main objective of endodontic treatment is to prevent further infection or reinfection by eliminating microorganisms within theroot canal system. Proper endodontic treatment could prevent apical and coronal penetration of fluids and microorganisms. Endodontic sealer isvital components of root canal obturation to establish a fluid-tight seal. Bioceramic-based root canal sealers are considered to be an advantageoustechnology in endodontics and have been found to be both biocompatible and comparable to other commercial sealers. The aim of this study was tocompare the adhesion of three bioceramic sealers within the root canal system.Methods: Endodontically treated teeth were obturated using three types of bioceramic sealers and then divided into three groups. Specimens werethen observed using a scanning electron microscope, and the attachment distance was measured using ImageJ.Results: The three groups exhibited were statistically significant differences (p<0.05) in dentinal sealing ability. Calcium phosphate silicate-basedsealer showed the highest sealing ability, followed by pure tricalcium silicate-based bioceramic sealers and then tricalcium silicate and resin-basedbioceramic sealers.Conclusion: The sealing ability of calcium phosphate silicate-based sealer is superior to that of both pure tricalcium silicate-based and tricalciumsilicate- and resin-based sealer.
COMPARISON OF ANTIFUNGAL EFFECT OF XANTHORRHIZOL (CURCUMA XANTHORRHIZA ROXB.) AND 2% CHLORHEXIDINE AGAINST CANDIDA ALBICANS AMERICAN TYPE CULTURE COLLECTION 10231 BIOFILM
Authors: TULIM SANNY , NAZAR KAMIZAR , MARGONO ANGGRAINI , MEIDYAWATI RATNA , YANTI ERMI
Published: July 2020

Objective: Several studies suggest that 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), an effective irrigation solution against Candida albicans biofilm, is toxic to host cells,thus an effective and safe alternative irrigation solution is needed. Java turmeric (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) containing xanthorrhizol (XNT) hasbeen reported to have an antifungal effect, yet no studies to date have reported the optimum dose of XNT in inhibiting C. albicans biofilm, so the aimof this study was to determine the optimum dose of XNT against C. albicans biofilm.Methods: C. albicans American Type and Culture Collection (ATCC) 10231 biofilm was exposed to XNT for 15 min. Then, the antifungal effect wastested using 3-[4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenytetrazolium bromide reduction assay and total plate count (TPC).Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the percentage of biofilm eradication and TPC results following exposure ofC. albicans ATCC 10231 biofilm to 1% XNT, 1.25% XNT, and 2% CHX.Conclusion: Our results suggest that 1% XNT and 1.25% XNT have an antifungal effect against C. albicans ATCC 10231 biofilm equivalent to that of2% CHX.
PROBIOTIC LACTOBACILLUS REUTERI EFFECT’S ON THE LEVELS OF INTERLEUKIN-4 IN PERIODONTITIS PATIENTS AFTER SCALING AND ROOT PLANING
Authors: SINULINGGA RIKA TANIA NARULITA , SOEROSO YUNIARTI , LESSANG ROBERT , SASTRADIPURA DEWI FATMA SUNIARTI
Published: July 2020

Objective: Periodontal disease is an inflammatory disease principally caused by a complex interaction between pathogenic bacteria and immuneresponses. Probiotics stimulate the immune system of the oral mucosa by increasing the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Interleukin-4 (IL-4) isthe anti-inflammatory cytokine that is most closely associated with the pathogenesis of periodontitis. This study assessed the effect of Lactobacillus reuteri(L. reuteri) containing probiotic lozenges toward clinical attachment loss (CAL) and IL-4 levels in periodontitis patients after scaling and root planing.Materials and Methods: Clinical samples were collected from the gingival crevicular fluid of 16 periodontitis patients with pocket depth (PD) of6 mm. The samples were divided into two groups. The non-probiotic group included periodontitis patients treated through scaling and root planing(SRP) only (n=8), whereas the probiotic group included periodontitis patients treated through SRP and probiotics (n=8). The measurements of theclinical parameters of PD and CAL were included as diagnostic criteria. Probiotic lozenges were given daily for 14 days. IL-4 levels were measured inboth groups using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method.Results: IL-4 levels decreased in the non-probiotic group and increased in the probiotic group, but there was no statistical difference between thegroups. CAL decreased in both groups and was significantly different.Conclusion: SRP with the consumption of probiotic-containing L.reuteri in periodontitis patients resulted in decreased CAL and increased IL-4 levelscompared with SRP only.
A COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THE NUMBER OF STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS COLONIES IN THE ENAMEL SURFACE OF TEETH AFTER THE APPLICATION OF CPP-ACP CONTAINING PROPOLIS AND CPP-ACP WITHOUT PROPOLIS
Authors: DARWITA RISQA RINA , SETIJONO KEVIN , ALMASYHUR FADHILAH , ANDREAS PETER , DJAIS ARIADNA A.
Published: July 2020

Objective: This study was to determine the efficacy of CPP-ACP combined with propolis by evaluating the number of Streptococcus mutans colonies inthe enamel surfaces of children aged 7–9 years before and after the application of CPP-ACP containing propolis.Methods: A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design with purposive sampling was used in this study, which was conducted on 32 students aged7–9 years who were divided into two groups that were intervention and control groups. Two young dentists examined the students, and their resultswere calibrated by a kappa value of 0.82. The number of S. mutans colonies was evaluated at baseline, and after a CPP-ACP propolis paste was appliedto white spot surfaces in the intervention group and CPP-ACP without propolis was applied to white spot surfaces of students in the control group inevery day for 4 weeks.Results: There was a significant decrease in the proportion of S. mutans colonies both of the intervention group (28%) and the control group (26%)(p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the effect of CPP-ACP propolis combination compared to CPP-ACP without propolis indecreasing the number of S. mutans colonies (p>0.05).Conclusion: This study confirmed that CPP-ACP containing propolis is not better than CPP-ACP without propolis in decreasing the number of S. mutanscolonies; however, the CPP-ACP propolis combination has the potential to be used as an alternative material to prevent demineralization and improveremineralization of white spots in enamel surfaces.
Solution focused therapy untuk memperbaiki pola komunikasi ibu dan anak
Authors: Cahyani Dini
Published: July 2020

Subjek dalam kasus ini merupakan ibu dan anak yang memiliki permasalahan terkait dengan kualitas hubungan yang kurang baik yang ditandai dengan komunikasi yang salah. Asesmen yang dilakukan untuk penggalian masalah menggunakan wawancara, observasi, tes SSCT untuk anak dan kuesioner pola asuh untuk ibu dengan menggunakan PS-FFQ (Parenting style four factors questionnaire). Hasil asesmen menyebutkan bahwa mereka memiliki perbedaan pandangan dan adanya keinginan yang berbeda yang tidak tersampaikan dengan cara yang baik sehingga memperburuk pola komunikasi yang terjalin antara keduanya. Intervensi yang digunakan adalah solution focused therapy yang dilaksanakan dalam 6 sesi yang bertujuan untuk memperbaiki pola komunikasi antara ibu dan anak. Hasil intervensi yang diperoleh adalah ibu yang akan mengajak anaknya berbicara santai, bercanda, dan tidak akan marah-marah lagi dengan anaknya. Ibu juga memuji, memeluk, dan mencium anaknya setiap pagi. Anak juga memutuskan untuk bercerita tentang kegiatan kesehariannya di sekolah dan mulai untuk menyiapkan kebutuhannya sendiri dan mengikuti apa yang diperintahkan oleh ibunya tanpa mencoba untuk membantah.
Latihan keterampilan sosial untuk meningkatkan kemampuan interaksi sosial pada pasien skizofrenia
Authors: Elfina May Lia
Published: July 2020

Subjek (L/29 tahun) mengalami halusinasi pendengaran hingga melakukan percobaan bunuh diri dan mengancam membunuh orang lain. Saat ini Subjek sering melamun, tidak mampu menjalin hubungan dekat dengan orang lain, malas, dan menghindar dari keramaian. Asesmen yang digunakan diantaranya wawancara, observasi, dan tes psikologi yang meliputi tes grafis (BAUM, DAP, dan HTP), WAIS, SSCT, dan WWQ. Berdasarkan hasil asesmen, Subjek didiagnosa mengalami gangguan skizofrenia 295.90 (sesuai dengan DSM V) dan mengalami masalah pada interaksi sosialnya. Intervensi menggunakan teknik psikoterapi yaitu latihan keterampilan sosial. Hasil intervensi menunjukkan bahwa interaksi sosial pada Subjek meningkat yang ditandai dengan adanya kemampuan Subjek untuk mengenal beberapa pasien di bangsal, selain itu Subjek mulai memiliki inisiatif untuk memberikan sapaan kepada orang-orang di sekitarnya. Subjek juga menunjukkan peningkatan yang cukup signifikan pada komunikasi non verbalnya (kontak mata, tersenyum, posisi tubuh yang tegap) ketika berkomunikasi dengan orang lain.
Positive activity untuk meningkatkan kepercayaan diri pada pasien skizofrenia
Authors: Umami Ulya Rahmatullatifa
Published: July 2020

A (48 tahun/P) memiliki kerentanan psikologis yang membuat Subjek mengalami berbagai hambatan dalam kesehariannya. Hasil asessmen menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan alat test psikologi menunjukkan bahwa Subjek terdiagnosa gangguan Skizofrenia dengan permasalahan rendahnya kepercayaan diri. Rendahnya kepercayaan diri Subjek menimbulkan hambatan dalam performa subjek. Subjek menjadi tidak produktif dalam kesehariannya karena selalu menolak untuk mengerjakan suatu tugas atau mengikuti kegiatan. Intervensi dilakukan menggunakan teknik positive activity dengan pendekatan behavior. Tujuan intervensi meningkatkan kepercayaan diri subjek. Instrumen menggunakan Self-confident Scale sebagai pretest dan posttest. Hasil intervensi menunjukkan adanya perubahan perilaku pasif Subjek mulai berkurang, intensi Subjek membicarakan mengenai kondisi fisiknya yang kurang menarik mulai berkurang dan pemahaman Subjek mengenai kepercayaan dirinya mulai bertambah.
La formación en economía social y solidaria. Algunos retos y desafíos pedagógicos y políticos vistos desde Francia
Authors: Blanc Maurice , Stoessel-Ritz Josiane
Published: July 2020

Este artículo desarrolla una reflexión en torno a la economía social y solidaria, en diálogo con una lectura crítica al modelo económico actual que, desde un paradigma neoliberal, penetra en diferentes capas de la sociedad, como son la educación y la formación profesional. Formar y educar en la economía social y solidaria implica grandes esfuerzos que apuntan a un cambio de paradigma que posibilite una práctica de distribución justa y equitativa de recursos. Un nuevo paradigma que incluya transacciones sociales y pedagógicas, basadas en compromisos y cooperaciones a negociarse en permanencia, pues los puntos de encuentro y acercamiento no son definitivos. La sociedad tiene una naturaleza dinámica y no rígida, y los conflictos y las crisis responden a este dinamismo y naturaleza social. Sin embargo, la necesidad de alternativas al modelo imperante se hace cada vez más necesaria con el fin de integrar valores como la solidaridad y la igualdad antes que la competencia y el beneficio.
Aplikasi Bradyrhizobium japonicum DAN Aeromonas salmonicida Pada Penanaman Kedelai Di Tanah Asam Dalam Percobaan Rumah Kaca
Authors: Tobing Sonya , Rachmania Nisa , Triadiati Triadiati
Published: July 2020

Kedelai (Glycine max) merupakan salah satu tanaman pangan yang dibudidayakan. Kebutuhan kedelai yang selalu meningkat setiap tahun mendorong usaha peningkatan terhadap produksi kedelai. Upaya peningkatan produksi dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan pupuk hayati dan memanfaatkan lahan yang kurang produktif di Indonesia. Pupuk hayati yang digunakan mengandung isolat Bradyrhizobium japonicum sebagai penambat nitrogen dan Aeromonas salmonicida sebagai pelarut fosfat. Isolat yang terdapat dalam pupuk hayati diharapkan dapat membantu pertumbuhan kedelai di tanah asam dengan menyediakan unsur nitrogen dan fosfat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pupuk hayati yang terdiri atas B. japonicum (BJ 11 wt) dan A. salmonicida pada penanaman kedelai di tanah asam. Tanaman percobaan dibuat dalam empat kelompok, yaitu dengan inokulasi Isolat BJ 11 (wt), PP, BJ 11 ditambah dengan PP, dan tanpa inokulasi (kontrol). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi B. japonicum dan A. salmonicida cenderung dapat meningkatkan laju pertumbuhan tanaman, jumlah daun, dan bobot kering akar.

Kata Kunci: Bradyrhizobium japonicum, Aeromonas salmonicid, Tanah Masam dan Kedelai

Soybean (Glycine max) is one of cultivated food crops. Since the need of soybean is always increased every year, it needs some efforts to improve soybean production. One of the steps can be done is by using biofertilizer in a less productive land such as acid soil. Biofertilizer that used in this study consist of Bradyrhizobium japonicum as nitrogen fixation and Aeromonas salmonicida as phosphate solubilizer bacteria (PP). Isolates contained in the biological fertilizer is expected to help the growth of soybean in acid soils by providing elements of nitrogen and phosphate. The aim of this research was to know the effect of using biofertilizer consisted of B. japonicum (BJ 11 wt) and A. salmonicida (PP) to soybean growth in acid soils. The experiment was arranged with four group treatments that were inoculation with BJ 11 (wt), PP, BJ 11 plus PP, and without inoculation (as control). The results showed that the application of B. japonicum and A. salmonicida as inoculant mixture tend to increase plant growth, leaf number, and dry root weight.

Keywords: Bradyrhizobium japonicum, Aeromonas salmonicid, Acid Soil and Soybean
Penggunaan Lampic Scheme untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa SMP Negeri 2 Sigli pada Materi Sistem Peredaran Darah
Authors: Agustina Rahmi
Published: July 2020

A classroom action research about the use of lampic Scheme to improve studentsâ€™ learning outcomes and activity in learning sciences (IPA) on blood circulatory system concept has been conducted at SMP N 2 Sigli. It contributes to the development of science subjects and serves as a reference for the future research. This research was conducted in two cycles for three months. Students of class VIII-B were selected as the research subject. The data were collected by using test, observation, and questionnaire. The data were collected by measuring studentsâ€™ learning outcomes from each meeting and also from observing studentsâ€™ activities. The data were analyzed by using descriptive qualitative to find out the studentsâ€™ mastery learning, the average score, the highest and the lowest score. To validate the data, they were verified quantitatively by putting them into the list of score. The research was conducted by implementing cycle of four stages: planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. The results showed that there was an improvement in several aspects namely: The improvement of mastery learning in the first lesson was 37.50 %, while the second lesson was 59.37% with the average 43.75%. In the second cycle, the mastery learning of the first lesson was 59.37%, while the second lesson was 87.50% with the average 68.75%. The improvement was found both in studentsâ€™ learning outcomes and activity.
Pemanfaatan Tumbuhan di Lingkungan Sekolah Sebagai Media Alami pada Materi Keanekaragaman Tumbuhan di SMA dan MA Kecamatan Montasik
Authors: Eriawati Eriawati
Published: July 2020

Utilization of the learning environment in biology canprovidedirect learning experiences to the students by observing natural phenomena in accordance with the material being studied, which is expected to create the conditions that can develop students' interest and motivation to be active in the learning process. This study aims to fine out the students improvement and students learning activities by using plants in the school environment as a natural medium to the concept of plant diversity in SMA and MA at districts Montasik. The research was conducted at several SMA and MA at districts Montasik. The population and samples in this study was SMA and MA at districts Montasik. The data were collected by using test and observation. The hypothesis was tested by using t-test. The data obtained tcount was 16.94. ttable was 2.086, thus tcount ï€¾ttable or 16.94 ï€¾ 2.086. So Ho is rejected, while Ha is accepted. Showed that means the use of plants in the environment of the school as a natural medium on the material plant diversity can improve student learning outcomes. From the results of observation of students learning activity, it can be seen that the use of the school environment as a natural media can enhance students' learning activities.
Pengaruh Model Guided Discovery Terhadap Kesadaran Metakognitif dan Hasil Belajar Kognitif Peserta Didik pada Materi Sistem Reproduksi Manusia di MAS Babun Najah Banda Aceh
Authors: Windasari Cut , Hasanuddin Hasanuddin , Hasanuddin Hasanuddin
Published: July 2020

This study aimed to figure out the effect of guided discovery model towards metacognitive awareness and cognitive learning outcomes of students in the concept of human reproductive system. This research was conducted at MAS Babun Najah Banda Aceh from April to May 2016. The method used was true experimental with pretest-posttest control group design. The population was all students of four classes namely MIA XI-1, XI MIA-2, XI MIA MIA-3 and XI-4, while the sample were students of two classes of MIA XI-1 and XI MIA MIA-3. The research instruments used were metacognitive awareness inventory sheets and item of cognitive test. The data were analyzed by using independent samples t-test with SPSS 17.0 for windows. The results showed that metacognitive awareness has tcount > t table (3.422> 2.0154), meanwhile, t-test for cognitive learning outcomes also showed tcount > t table (3.089> 2.0154). It can be concluded that guided discovery model affected the increasing of metacognitive awareness and cognitive learning outcomes of students in the human reproductive system concept at MAS Babun Najah Banda Aceh.
PENGEMBANGAN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS SQ3R DAN WEB PADA MATERI SISTEM PERTAHANAN TUBUH DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK DI MAS JEUMALA AMAL LUENG PUTU PIDIE JAYA
Authors: Apko Havea Juliar , Hasanuddin Hasanuddin , Huda Ismul
Published: July 2020

The aim of this study is to find out the effect of the development of learning tools through a web-based SQ3R strategy to the improvement of studentsâ€™ learning motivation in the concept of defense system of the body at class XI of MAS Jeumala Amal of Pidie Jaya (a private Senior High School). The data were collected from April 4th to May 11th, 2016 in the even semester of the school year 2015-2016. A quasi-experimental method is implemented with qualitative and quantitative approach. This study was conducted in four classes. Two classes were chosen for experimental class which consisted of 30 male students of IPA 3 and 30 female students of IPA 6. Meanwhile, two other classes were chosen as control class, they were 30 male students of IPA 1 and 30 female students of IPA 4. The instrument used was learnersâ€™ motivation questionnaire. The data were analyzed by using Kruskal-Wallis test with SPSS 17.0 for Windows at significant level of 0.05. The Chi-test results showed that the P-value < critical limit in which learning motivation was 0.000