bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Historical Review of the Molecular Phylogeny of the Philippine Nepenthes L. (Nepenthaceae) with Notes for Unsampled Taxa
Authors: Brillo Samuel , Salamanes Julius John , Austria Eleanor
Published: July 2024

Despite advances in molecular phylogenetics, the genus Nepenthes L., comprising about 180 species, presents a challenging phylogenetic puzzle due to morphological convergence. The Philippines (PH), a hotspot for pitcher plant diversity with 61 species, faces unclear evolutionary relationships due to insufficient taxon sampling. This historical review compiled the phylogenetic studies concerning Philippine Nepenthes from various molecular studies using nuclear or plastid markers. Here, we identified that the molecular phylogeny constructed from the angiosperms353 probe set used by Mullins et al. (2020) has given the most comprehensive results, with most samples from the Philippines and a total of 35 species compared to previously conducted phylogenies since 2000. It was revealed that these species form a large Philippine clade, split into three groups: Mindanao, Palawan, and Graciliflora, with other PH taxa belonging to the Insignes Clade. This study noted the possible clades of 26 unsampled PH taxa based on morphology and geography. Lastly, we created a distribution map of Philippine Nepenthes to support these placements. This study will help future research determine the phylogeny of Nepenthes in the Philippines, understand their evolutionary relationships with other paleotropical species, and assist policymakers in conserving these species from extinction.
The Evaluation of Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) in Early Diagnosis of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)
Authors: Jannat Sharifatun , Khan Saidul Islam , Akter Hasina , Jelly Arifa Alam , Noor Syeda Fateha , Shoshi Md Shefat Jahan
Published: July 2024

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that is accompanied by long-term complications. Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) is largely expressed by the granulosa cells of ovarian follicles (folliculogenesis) and is highest in the pre-antral and small antral stages (less than 4 mm in diameter) of development. The aim was to evaluate the role of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) in the early diagnosis of PCOS and find a cut-off level for PCOS. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 60 women, aged 21–40 years who were referred to the outpatient department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics at the International Medical College Hospital, Gazipur, Shahid Tajuddin Ahmed Medical College, Gaziopur, Digital Hospital, Gazipur and Akber Clinic, Gazipur from January 2018 to December 2020. They were divided into two groups: 30 women with PCOS (based on the criteria of Rotterdam) as the case group, and 30 women as the control group. On days 2, 3, and 4 of the monthly menstrual cycle, transvaginal sonography was performed, and the serum level of AMH was measured in all participants. Results: The mean serum level of AMH in table II was significantly higher in the case group than in the control group. The mean value of AMH was 8.34 ng/ml, which indicates that the association between the transvaginal ultrasonogram (TVS) scan and the features of PCOS is statistically significant. Between the two groups, there were statistically significant variations in AMH levels and irregular menstrual patterns. But regarding age and body mass index, they were not significant. Conclusion: For the evaluation of PCOS in infertile women, AMH is a significant test.
Association of Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphism (FokI) with Asthma - COPD Overlap: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Rosy Sharkia Khanam , Ali Taskina , Biswas Subroto Kumar , Hossain Md. Ali , Bennoor Kazi Saifuddin , Ahmed Kazi Tahsin , Hassan Samia , Yasmin Shamima , Asaduzzaman Md. , Akter Khalada
Published: July 2024

Background: Asthma- COPD) overlap ACO is a new phenotype in the world of respiratory ailments. Though it has been shown that this group of morbid patients might possess vitamin D3 deficiency, but its association with vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism has not been investigated yet. Objective: To assess the association of VDR gene polymorphism (FokI) with ACO. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Physiology of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, from January 2018 to July 2018 on 23 (twenty three) patients (aged ≥40 years) with ACO. For comparison, 24 (twenty four) age, smoking duration and BMI matched apparently healthy subjects were selected. For all participants single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of VDR gene FokI (rs10735810) was done by DNA extraction, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Results were expressed as frequency distribution in percentage and data were statistically analyzed by Graphpad prism (Version 7) using Chi-square test. In the interpretation of results, ≤0.05 level of probability (p) was accepted as significant. Results: The frequency distribution of FokI genotype was 86.95% (FF), 8.69% (Ff), 4.35% (ff) and 91.66% (FF), 4.17% (Ff), 4.17% (ff) in ACO patients and healthy subjects, respectively. However, difference between groups in regard to the frequencies in both VDR genotypes were statistically non-significant. Furthermore, the association of FokI [FF, OR 1•65 (95% Cl 0•25–10.91], p=0•6; Ff, OR 0•46 (95% Cl 0•04–5.41], p=0•53; ff, OR 0•96 (95% Cl 0•06–16.26], p=0•98;] VDR SNP with ACO was statistically non-significant. Conclusion: Results of the present study reveals that, FokI VDR SNP is not associated with ACO.
Clnico-Demographic Profiles and Antibiotic Consumption Practices by Patients of Community Acquired Pneumonia in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Rayhan Mohammad Zannatul , Alam Most Mehenaz
Published: July 2024

Background: Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) is a major health problem leading to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Aims: To observe the clinico-demographic profiles and antibiotic consumption practices by community acquired pneumonia patients. Methods: This cross sectional, observational study conducted at the Department of Respiratory Medicine in National Institute of Diseases of the Chest and Hospital from May 2019 to September 2020. 87 patients of community acquired pneumonia patients were enrolled in this study. Results: A total number of 87 patients with community acquired pneumonia were selected and among them, majority patients were male 65(74.7%), male to female ratio was 2.9:1. The mean age was found 50.6±16.7 years with range from 18 to 85 years. Married patients were found 78(89.7%), 41(47.1%) patients completed secondary education level and 21(24.1%) patients were businessman.Smoker was found in 54(62.1%) cases. Regarding chief complaints, it was observed that all patients had fever, 86(98.9%) had cough, 65(74.7%) had chest pain, 57(65.5%) had dyspnoea, 7(8.0%) had haemoptysis and 6(6.9%) had confusion. Anaemia was found in 33(37.9%), cyanosis 6(6.9%), clubbing 2(2.3%). Mean pulse was 88.6±16.3 beats/min, mean systolic blood pressure 124.3±18.9 mmHg, mean diastolic blood pressure 76.0±11.3 mmHg and respiratory rate 21.1±4.7 breaths/min. Regarding knowledge about antibiotic use of the respondents, it was observed that majority 37(42.5%) respondents think that it is good to be able to buy antibiotics, without having to see a doctor. 63(72.4%) patients had history of previous antibiotic use, 47(54.0%) had history of non adherence to antibiotic, 42(46.0%) had history of self-medication, 24(27.6%) sharing of antibiotic with others, 21(24.1%) used of left over antibiotics and 25(28.7%). Conclusion: Fever is the most common symptom of community acquired pneumonia. Still there is misconception regarding use of antibiotics among patients. This study also suggests that self-medication is common in our patients. Non adherence to antibiotic therapy is also frequent in our patients.
Implementasi dan Prinsip Pembelajaran Al-Quran Menggunakan Metode Tilawati Sebagai Pondasi Pemikiran Islam Berbasis Al-Qur’an
Authors: Jenal Ujang
Published: July 2024

Learning the Qur’an is the core of Islamic education which emphasizes a deep understanding of the sacred text and the values ​​contained in it. The tilawati method is a significant approach in implementing Al-Quran learning, leading to direct experience in hearing, reciting and understanding Al-Quran verses in depth. This article explores the implementation and principles of learning the Al-Quran using the tilawati method as the foundation of Islamic thought based on the Al-Quran. This approach not only teaches good and correct recitation techniques, but also deepens understanding of the moral values, ethics and life guidelines taught by the Al-Quran. In the context of Islamic education, the tilawati method allows for the holistic integration of Al-Quran values ​​in the educational process, forming a strong Islamic character in the next generation. Thus, the implementation of the tilawati method not only strengthens religious practice, but also makes the Al-Quran the main source of inspiration in developing current and relevant Islamic thought and understanding.
Konsep Model Inovasi Kurikulum KBK, KBM, KTSP, K13, dan Kurikulum Merdeka (Literature Review)
Authors: Setiawan Agus , Syifa’ul Fuadiyah Ahla Shofi
Published: July 2024

Konsep kurikulum merupakan bentuknya kemerdekaan pada berpikir telah di tetapkan oleh pendidik dengan makna bahwa yang menjadi tombak utama ialah pendidik dalam membantu kesuksesan pada pendidikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan konsep model inovasi kurikulum KBK, KBM, KTSP, K13, dan Kurikulum Merdeka. Jenis penelitian ini ialah literature review, dengan menggunakan artikel jurnal yang telah dikumpulkan dari kurun waktu 2018-2022. Berdasarkan artikel jurnal yang telah digunakan didapatkan hasil sebagai berikut (a)Berfokus kepada masyarakat, dengan sumber belajar menggunakan buku teks atau masyarakat itu sendiri. Bersikap disiplin dalam kelas ialah kewajiban bersama bukan berasaskan terpaksa. Titik pusat yang utama pada metode mengajar ialah dengan memecahkan masalah agar dapat memenuhi berbagai kebutuhan dari segala pihak. Skema besar pada pembelajaran diantaranya darmawisata, serta narasumber dari survei masyarakat itu. (b) bagian-bagian inovasi dari KTSP diantaranya mengandung penerapan pembelajaran kecakapan hidup, serta mengembangkan diri dari segi karakteristik, dan kebutuhan lainnya.(c) Persiapan pengkajian ialah yang menjadi bagian penting dalam administrasi pembelajaran meliputi silabus, dan RPP. Setelah selesai dalam penyusunan RPP, beralih pada pelaksanaan pembelajaran yang berfokus pada 3 point, yaitu: pendekatan ilmiah yang proses pembelajarannya dilakukan di dalam kelas, pengkajian berdasarkan rencana dan pengkajian berasaskan kasus. Penilaian yang digunakan pada kurikulum 2013 ialah penilaian autentik, berbagai jenis model tes seperti observasi, porto folio; (d) Kebijakan yang utama ialah penyelenggaraan asesemen nasional, kompetensi serta survei karakter, yang mana asesemen di tekankan pada literasi  dan numerasi siswa. Kedua, fasilitas pengkajian yang berasaskan internet of things, augemented reality dan pemakaian artifical intelligence psada pengkajian.
Oplyst falsk bevidsthed. Et essay om individuelle barrierer mod effektiv klimahandlen
Authors: Laustsen Carsten Bagge
Published: July 2024

Klimakrisen er en af vor tids største udfordringer. Det er det store flertal af politikere enige om – i Danmark såvel som i udlandet. Og det synspunkt bakker størstedelen af befolkningen også op bag. Det til trods ser vi, at man stadig halter langt bagefter de udledningsmål, vi selv har sat. Hvis vi skal forstå dette, må vi kikke på barrierer – institutionelle såvel som individuelle. Artiklen fokuserer alene på de individuelle og spørger, hvorfor klimabevidsthed ikke følges op af klimahandlen, altså en mere klimavenlig livsstil. Artiklen fokuserer på den stor midtergruppe, som ikke benægter klimaudfordringen (benægterne) og heller ikke engagerer sig politisk i kampen for forandringer (aktivister). Artiklen hævder, at denne midtergruppe er karakteriseret ved en tilstand af ”oplyst falsk bevidsthed”. Man er bevidst om udfordringerne og eget ansvar, men samtidig insisterer man på at leve livet, som man altid har gjort. Problemet er ikke viden, men handling. Den ”falske bevidsthed” manifesterer sig i vores praksis. Der fokuseres først på følelsernes betydning for dette og ikke mindst på, hvordan man gennem moralsk afkobling kan mindske kognitiv dissonans. Det leder videre til en diskussion af psykosociale mønstre, som understøtter vores praksis og ikke mindst vores insisteren på nydelse. Endelig diskuteres, hvordan en grøn identitet i sig selv kan være en måde, hvorpå ens passivitet i forhold til klimaspørgsmålet kan legitimeres.
Rum til omsorgens sprog
Authors: Nielsen Stine Hauberg , Sparre Sara Lei
Published: July 2024

En stadig større andel af elever og medarbejdere i ældreplejen i Danmark har migrantbaggrund. Mangel på arbejdskraft har ført kommuner til aktivt at rekruttere til SOSU-uddannelserne og faglært arbejde i ældreplejen blandt herboende migranter. Litteraturen om migration og ældrepleje i en nordisk velfærdsstatssammenhæng fokuserer primært på konstruktioner af omsorgsarbejdernes ’andethed’, både i positiv og negativ forstand, og hvilken betydning dette har for dennes arbejdsvilkår og trivsel. Men hvilken betydning har flersprogetheden, herunder omsorgsarbejderes udfordringer med majoritetssproget, for omsorgsarbejdet og relationen til de plejekrævende ældre?
I denne artikel undersøger vi på baggrund af etnografisk datamateriale de relationelle og intersubjektive rum, der bliver til i mødet mellem SOSU-elever med migrantbaggrund og plejekrævende ældre på plejecentre og i hjemmeplejen i tre danske kommuner. Fokus er på potentielle skift i ‘omsorgshensyn’ (Law 2010) og hermed den ’produktive praksis’ (Buch 2018), der ligger i udfordringer og misforståelser i kommunikationen mellem eleven og den ældre. Ved at sætte sproglig kommunikation i forgrunden og samtidig undersøge omsorgens praksis og affekt i konkrete situationer viser vi, hvordan sproglige udfordringer og misforståelser udgør, hvad vi betegner, produktive ’sprækker’ i interaktionen mellem plejekrævende ældre og SOSU-elever med migrantbaggrund. Disse ’sprækker’ muliggør eller ligefrem fordrer, at både omsorgsarbejdere og ældre borgere indtager anderledes roller og positioner. Artiklen viser dermed, hvordan begge parter forhandler spændinger og tvetydighed i omsorgssituationen, og hvordan omsorgens produktive praksis ligger i de forskydninger, der sker i relationer og selvforståelse blandt både ældre og elever.
Et essay om hverdagslivets kreative omsorgspotentialer
Authors: Damsgaard Janne Brammer , Dyring Rasmus , Grøn Lone
Published: July 2024

Siden 1990’erne hvor Joan Tronto skrev at ”kreative handlinger og kunst ikke er omsorg”, er der føjet store mængder af litteratur til feltet, der undersøger hvordan kunst og kreativitet kan bidrage med potentiale til omsorg. En stor del af disse perspektiver ser på de forskellige kunstformer som ’redskaber’, der kan bruges som interventioner i forbindelse med pleje og omsorg. Vi ønsker med dette essay at ændre blikretning og bidrage til eksplicitering, re-konfigurering og re-konceptualisering af de potentialer og mulighedsbetingelser, der kan fremme kreativitet i omsorgen, dér hvor den udfolder sig i hverdagslivet. Vi argumenterer for, at sundhedsprofessionelle med fordel kan stille skarpt på mikroperspektivet og de kreative praksisser der hele tiden finder sted i vores hverdagsliv, når vi eksempelvis bruger vores evner til at improvisere, være innovative og fleksible, og dermed skaber meningsfulde tilpasninger i hverdagen. Ved at nedtone fokus på individuelle psykologiske fænomener, og dreje det mod en relationel kontekst, det vil sige en mere nuanceret sociologisk-ontologisk og situeret åbenhed og forståelse af kreativitet, kan der findes nye verdenåbnende omsorgspotentialer. Vi argumenterer for, at der i dette relationelle ’mellemrum’ findes intense øjeblikke af resonans, der, hvis vi er opmærksomme, kan opdages og skabe fælles flowfyldte og meningsfulde situationer, og muligheder, der kan fremme inklusion af mennesker som aktive medskabere af deres livsverdener.
Omsorg som kærlighed, arbejde og fag. Spor i skandinavisk omsorgsforskning relateret til sundhed og sygdom, 1980 – 2020
Authors: Timm Helle , Jess Mia , Hindhede Anette Lykke , Møller Tom , Andersen Christina , Larsen Kristian
Published: July 2024

Artiklen sætter fokus på, hvordan skandinavisk omsorgsforskning på forskellige måder har defineret og udforsket omsorg relateret til sundhed og sygdom. Afgrænsningen til Skandinavien og den historiske periode, 1980 – 2020, er begrundet i en samfundsmæssig og velfærdsstatslig udvikling, der danner afsæt for omsorgsforskning fra omkring 1980. Omsorg og omsorgsrelationer i sundhedsvæsenet er i perioden transformeret, så den/de kan være vanskelige at genfinde. Måske fordi omsorg og omsorgsrelationer nu er, italesættes og udforskes som noget andet. Teoretisk er vi inspireret af Ernst Blochs begreb om “spor” (Bloch 1985) og en forståelse af, at “omsorg” over tid er defineret og analyseret på måder, der i konkrete historiske perioder kan ses som henholdsvis u-samtidige og samtidige. Artiklen er koncentreret om tre teoretiske spor; et filosofisk, eksistentielt spor, et samfunds- og kulturteoretisk spor og et pædagogisk, professionsteoretisk spor. Sporene kan ses som traditioner, opstået og udviklet parallelt, men i tæt forbindelse med bestemte fag og discipliner og den samfundsmæssige udvikling. Vi finder, at alle forskerne har fokus på relationen mellem mennesker, og at omsorg inden for hvert spor overordnet forstås og udforskes primært som henholdsvis kærlighed, arbejde og fag. Mens kærlighed igennem hele perioden nok har været anset for et u-samtidigt begreb i forbindelse med professionelt omsorgsarbejde, så omhandler alle spor ulighed og magt som dimensioner i omsorgsrelationer og –praksis. Et perspektiv i videre teoretisk og empirisk forskning kan være at lade sporene inspirere hinanden i højere grad.
Introduktion: Omsorg i forandring
Authors: Sparre Sara Lei , Sand Andersen Rikke , Tjørnhøj-Thomsen Tine
Published: July 2024

Introduktion

Omsorg i forandring – Omsorgens vilkår
Effects of Complex-Contrast Versus Traditional Resistance Training on Linear Sprint, Change-of-Direction Speed, Jumps, and Maximal Strength of Physically Active Males
Authors: Baruah Jateen , Autade Sandipraj S. , Thapa Rohit K.
Published: July 2024

Background: Complex-contrast training (CT) combines traditional resistance training (RT) and ballistic training exercises to induce neuromuscular adaptation. However, adding ballistic exercises with RT exercise in CT format induces superior neuromuscular adaptation compared to performing RT alone, which needs investigation. Objective: This study compared the effects of seven-week CT and RT intervention on selected physical fitness measures among physically active adult males. Methods: A 2 × 2 repeated measures ANOVA design was used to analyse the effects of training intervention on physical fitness measures. Pre- and post-intervention data were collected for 30-m linear sprint time (with split times measured at every 5 m), countermovement jump (CMJ) height, triple hop distance, change-of-direction (COD) time, and one-repetition maximum (1RM) squat. Results: Significant within-group improvements were observed in the 1RM squat (both p0.001), CMJ (CT, p0.001; RT, p=0.003), and 10 m to 30 m linear sprint times (CT, all p0.001; RT, p=0.003-0.011) for both the experimental groups. However, significant within-group improvements for triple-hop distance (p0.001) and 5 m sprint (p=0.008) were observed only in the CT group. A significant deterioration in performance was observed for COD deficit (CT, p=0.020; RT, p=0.019) in both the experimental groups. A significant deterioration in COD total time was observed in the RT group (p=0037). A significant group-by-time interaction was observed only in 5 m linear sprint time (p=0.042), favouring the CT group. Conclusion: Seven weeks of CT and RT improved the 1RM squat, CMJ height, and 10 m, 15 m, 20 m, 25 m, and 30 m linear sprint times. Meanwhile, the triple-hop distance and 5 m sprint time improved only after CT. Lastly, CT improved the 5 m sprint time more effectively than RT.
Significance of Managerial Skills for Talent Development in Ethiopian Athletes
Authors: Wase Mola Dessalegn , Shaw Dhananjoy
Published: July 2024

Background: Talent development is essential for sports success, highlighting the critical role of skilled management in discovering, training, and nurturing athletes. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the significance and relevance of managerial skills for talent development in Ethiopian athletes. Methodology: A descriptive survey method was employed. Five public clubs were purposively sampled, and 156 athletes were randomly selected from a total of 257. Data were collected using the Long-term Talent Development Environment Questionnaire (LTDEQ), revealing a reliability value of 0.75 (r) in a pilot study conducted to ascertain the scientific authenticity of the adapted questionnaire. Hypotheses were tested at a significance level of 0.05. Results: The original LTDEQ has seven dimensions namely: Long-term development focus (LTDF), Quality preparation (QP), Communication (CO), Understanding athlete (UA), Supportive network (SN), Challenge and supportive environment (CSE), and Long-term development fundamental understanding (LTDFU). Thereafter, factor analysis was performed, resulting in eight dimensions, of which six were hybrid, and two were independent. The factors were named: i) LTDF LTDFU; ii) LTDF, CO LTDFU; iii) LTDF QP; iv) SN LTDFU; v) LTDF LTDFU; vi) LTDFU; vii) LTDF; viii) QP CSE. Mean and standard deviation with P values for each dimension were 4.15±1.11 (p0.000), 3.82±1.01 (p0.001), 3.74±1.08 (p0.000), 3.89±1.18 (p0.002), 3.87±1.12 (p0.000), 3.99±0.89 (p0.001), 3.61±1.11 (p0.000), and 2.96±1.42 (p0.001), respectively. The study considered questions regarding data reduction, feasibility, validation, and reliability of Ethiopian adaptations of LTDEQ. The analysis indicated enhanced reliability (test-retest) for the Ethiopian adaptation along with significant factor loadings (ranged from.643 to.892) as compared to the original LTDEQ (.311 to.892). Ethiopian adaptation of LTDEQ correlation increased (ranged from.142 to 1.000**), surpassing the original range (.018 to.869**). Cronbach’s alpha improved from r =.927 to r =.932, affirming future validity in the Ethiopian population. Conclusion: In conclusion, the study recommends the consideration of Ethiopian adaptations for all purposes with sufficient construct validity based on the improved reliability and internal consistency observed in the adaptation compared to the original version of LTDEQ.
Reflecting the Community: Analysis of Local Residents’ Perception Concerning Corporate Social Responsibility Initiatives
Authors: Mangoni Simone Soares , Massuga Flavia , Kuasoski Marli , Novak Maricléia Aparecida Leite , Gonzaga Carlos Alberto Marçal
Published: July 2024

This case study examines the community's perception of a rural-based industrial company's Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) actions, employing Schwartz and Carroll's model. Balancing economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic principles, the study integrates bibliographic review with qualitative and quantitative methods, utilizing semi-structured interviews and forms. Findings reveal uniform stakeholder perceptions across CSR dimensions. Company X is deemed socially responsible, attributed to its strategic emphasis on philanthropy, fostering community support, enhancing institutional image, ensuring business resilience, attracting and retaining professionals, engaging employees, and adhering to ethical and legal principles. The researched organization's CSR actions align consistently with the theoretical models employed, reflecting positive community reception and tangible benefits for the company.
The Effects of Socioeconomic Factors on Farm Income in Naogaon District of Bangladesh: An Empirical Analysis
Authors: Rahman Zubaidur
Published: July 2024

Aims: There is controversy among policy makers concerning whether farm income is stable as well as which factors have a greater influence on it. Thus, the present study aims at investigating the effects of socioeconomic factors on farm income in Naogaon district of Bangladesh.
Methodology: The population under investigation in this study consisted of farmers from the twelve villages who were directly involved in agriculture. The study used a multistage sampling technique with respondents, unions, and villages selected using a simple random sampling technique, and districts and upazilas were selected purposively. In this regard, 300 rural farmers were interviewed for the study purpose. In this research, a multiple regression model is used to describe how socioeconomic factors affect the farm income in Naogaon district. The final survey was carried out during the period from March to May, 2023.
Results: It is seen from the study that the average distance to the nearest market is 0.59 kilometers, while the mean value of agricultural training is 0.45 years and the average farming experience is 28.36 years. The empirical results of the study show that farm income is positively connected with other factors such as farming experience, access to credit facilities, household size, distance to the nearest market, farm size, access to agricultural information, education, and agricultural training. However, the same is negatively correlated with age and membership in an agricultural cooperative. Finally, some policy recommendations are made towards increasing farm income of the farmers in the study area.
Primary Checklist of Phytoplankton Genera in Sunye Lake, Mandalay Region, Myanmar
Authors: Sandi Phyo , Khaing Thida , Nyunt Kay Thi , Hlaing Nwe Nwe Soe , Khaing Aye Aye , Winn Nandar Aye
Published: July 2024

Phytoplankton are the foundation of food webs and the most important producer in aquatic ecosystems. They can photosynthesize and convert light energy into organic energy. They are a secrete ingredients used as a bioindicator of water quality and pollution. This study investigated composition of phytoplankton in freshwater body of Sunye lake, Mandalay region. The study was conducted one year from January 2020 to December 2020. According to the study, out of 47 total algal genera; Chlorophyceae (14 genera), Baciliophyceae (11 genera); Cyonophyceae (nine genera); Zygnematophyceae (two genera), Euglenophyceae (one genera) and Conjugatophyceae (one genera) were recorded. In this study, among total genera of 37, the class of Chlorophyceae (45%) is the largest group followed by (28%), Bacillariophyceae Cyanophyceae (19%), Zygnematophyceae (4%), Euglenophyceae (2%) and Conjugatophyceae (2%). This present check list study will be useful base line data for further study of phytoplankton in the lake.
Aims: The aim of study is to record and give the information’s of phytoplankton existence and useful data for further study and lake ecosystem.
Study Design: The water sample was collected monthly early morning once a week throughout the study period.
Place and Duration of Study: These sample were collected from natural freshwater Sunye lake during January 2020 to December 2020 for one year period.
Methodology: Phytoplankton samples were taken by filtering through 25 µm mesh plankton net and preserved with a Lugol‘s solution and kept in refrigerator for further study. The sample was identified and took photograph by using the microscope (OPTIKA). The results of phytoplanktons were checked with phytoplankton identification key, taxonomic database site.
Results: In the present study, 47 genera belong to the six different classes of phytoplanktons were recorded Chlorophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Zygnematophyceae, Euglenophyceae, Conjugatophyceae.
Conclusion: The current study is first time to study the checklist of phytoplankton in Sunye Lake and should be continuously study to update the checklist data of phytoplankton genera and seasonally abundance which is important indicators of lake ecosystem.
The Influence of Learning Styles and Supporting Factors on Academic Performance of High-achieving Students
Authors: Usman  , Rauf Bakhrani , Darmawang
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to develop and evaluate AutoCAD digital learning media using the 4D Research and Development (R&D) method. The method consists of four stages: Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate, with the goal of improving students' architectural engineering drawing skills. The study involved 21 architecture students who participated in the pre-test and post-test to assess the effectiveness of the developed learning media in improving their architectural engineering drawing skills. The media development process involved several stages, including needs analysis and instructional design. The final stage involved creating interactive digital content that is relevant to the needs of modern students. The effectiveness of the learning media was evaluated through an experimental design involving a group class. The evaluation consisted of a pre-test and post-test to assess the improvement in students' architectural drawing skills. The results revealed a significant increase in post-test scores compared to the pre-test, indicating that the digital learning media was effective in enhancing students' architectural drawing skills. Students provided positive feedback on the interactivity and practicality of the learning media, indicating their satisfaction with the learning experience. The study's findings confirm the significant potential of digital learning media in architecture education. Furthermore, the study suggests that there is a need for further integration of digital technologies in the architecture curriculum to enhance learning outcomes. Future research should focus on larger scale testing to validate the effectiveness of the digital learning media. Additionally, content development should cover a wider range of architectural design aspects to ensure the learning media remains relevant and comprehensive. Future research directions could include exploring the long-term retention of skills and investigating the impact of different instructional approaches on learning outcomes.
Smart Media or Biased Media: The Impacts and Challenges of AI and Big Data on the Media Industry
Authors: Samuel-Okon Amaka Debie
Published: July 2024

This study critically analyzes the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) and big data on the media industry, focusing on the ethical challenges and biases introduced by these technologies. The research aims to uncover the extent to which AI and big data influence content personalization, creation, and marketing, and the ramifications of these influences on cultural diversity and societal norms. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative analysis through a survey of 532 respondents and qualitative thematic analysis of 10 academic literatures. The findings reveal significant associations between automated content creation tools and societal biases, personalized recommendation systems and echo chambers, and algorithmic recommendations and cultural homogenization. Conversely, no significant association was found between big data analytics and privacy concerns. The study highlights the need for ethical guidelines, enhanced content diversity, strengthened data privacy measures, and increased algorithmic transparency to mitigate the ethical challenges and biases in AI-driven media platforms. These insights contribute to the broader understanding of AI and big data's role in shaping the media industry, offering valuable implications for future research, policy-making, and industry practices.
Assessment of Genetic Variability for Physiological Traits and Yield in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.)
Authors: Santosh  , Jaiswal Jai Prakash
Published: July 2024

The present investigation was carried out with 32 diverse genotypes of bread wheat in completely randomized block design with 3 replications at Norman E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre, G.B. Pant University of agriculture & Technology Pantnagar for the screening of genetic variability under three environments viz., timely sown (E1), late sown (E2) and very late sown (E3) seasons. The observations were recorded on 16 agronomic traits and 3 physiological traits. The statistical analysis for genetic variability was done using ANOVA, h2, GCV, PCV, GA and genotypic correlation. The analysis of variance was carried out for all the characters in randomized block design indicated highly significant differences among treatments for all the characters under study. High heritability values were observed in all the characters studied except grain filling duration in which heritability was moderate. High ECV was observed for characters such as canopy temperature depression-I, canopy temperature depression-II, canopy temperature-III, and canopy temperature depression-IV. Characters plot yield, canopy temperature depression-I, and canopy temperature depression-IV were marked with high GCV. Characters days to 75% heading, days to 75% anthesis, days to 75% maturity, grain yield per plant, plot yield, canopy temperature depression-I, canopy temperature depression-II, canopy temperature depression-III, and canopy temperature depression-IV exhibited high PCV values. The genetic advance was observed high for plot yield. There were highly significant positive as well as highly significant negative correlations were observed among physiological and yield related traits. The CTD-I, III, IV, and relative water content had shown highly significant positive correlation with days to 75 % heading and days to 75 % anthesis. CTD-III, IV, SPAD and relative water content were also marked with highly significant positive correlations with different yield attributes. The genotypes bearing the desired values for different genetic variability parameters can be exploited in future breeding programme for the improving wheat genotypes. These genotypes can be used as donor parents in crop improvement programme.
Physicochemical Characterization and Nutrient Composition Decide Harvest Maturity of Cucumis melo Varieties
Authors: M Lija , B L Padmasree , Beevy S Suhara
Published: July 2024

Cucumis melo is a polymorphic taxon belonging to the family Cucurbitaceae, with several varieties based on ovary pubescence. Cucumis melo var. momordica and Cucumis melo var. acidulus are popularized and highly cultivated forms in South India. The characteristic of   C.melo var.momordica is its fruit-cracking nature, which distinguishes the variety from others when it is ready to harvest.  So, it would be a herculean task for the farmers to harvest ripened fruits before it gets cracked. Analysis of the ripening process's physicochemical attributes and nutritional composition is inevitable to understand and establish proper harvest management for the varieties. The current study was conducted in the experimental field of the Department of Botany, University of Kerala using two different melon varieties, Cucumis melo var. momordica (Roxb.) Duthie & Fuller (Snap melon) and Cucumis melo var. acidulus L. Naudin (culinary melon), from January to October 2021. Fruits were harvested at five developmental stages (S1: 5 days after pollination (DAP), S2: 10 DAP, S3:15 DAP, S4: 20 DAP, S5: 25 DAP) and analysed for physical and biochemical characters. Results were analyzed statistically by using one way ANOVA (P≤0.05). Pomological characteristics such as fruit weight and length at different developmental stages showed a tremendous peak from S3 to S5 in both varieties. However, the firmness of the fruits decreased from the S4 to S5 stage in varieties, reducing sugar accumulated sharply from the S2 to S3 stage. Titratable acidity content in Cucumis melo fruits continuously increased from the S1 to S5 stage. On the other hand, the total carbohydrate, cellulose, protein, and amino acid content increased from S1 to S2 but decreased sharply in S3 and S5. Ascorbic acid, total phenolics, lipid peroxidation, and electrolyte leakage levels declined with fruit ripening in Cucumis melo varieties. As a result of all the quality parameters mentioned above, Cucumis melo fruit harvested at the S4 maturity stage was the ideal harvest maturity for long-distance transportation and had higher consumer acceptability before fruit cracking. Our findings showed that the physical-biochemical properties and nutritional composition of Cucumis melo varieties change dynamically during ripening. The study highlighted the significance of maturity stages for fruit quality and provided critical information for optimal harvest management of the fruits of Cucumis melo varieties.
Assessment of Diversity for Terminal Heat Tolerance under Different Sowing Conditions in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em.Thell.)
Authors: Santosh  , Jaiswal Jai Prakash
Published: July 2024

Wheat crop is facing various abiotic stresses due to changing environmental conditions as a result of global warming and heat stress is one of them which affects wheat crop during different growth stages and ultimately reduces grain yield very significantly. The present investigation was carried out with thirty two diverse genotypes of bread wheat in completely randomized block design with three replications at Norman E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre, G.B. Pant University of agriculture & Technology Pantnagar for the screening of wheat genotypes for terminal heat tolerance under three environments viz., timely sown (E1), late sown (E2) and very late sown (E3) conditions and to estimate the effect of high temperature on grain yield. Based on prevailing temperature, timely sown condition was considered as heat stress free environment while late sown and very late sown conditions were considered as heat stress environments. Genotypic performance varied substantially over the non-stress and heat stress environments. The observations were recorded on sixteen agronomic traits and three physiological traits. The statistical analysis forgenetic divergence study was done using Mahalanobis D2 statistics and clustering of genotypes was done using Tocher method. Terminal heat tolerance was measured by calculating heat susceptibility index (HSI) for the stress environments. On the basis of genetic diversity analysis, the maximum percent contribution towards genetic divergence was contributed by plant height while the lowest contribution was from harvest index. The 32 genotypes were grouped into six clusters. Cluster-II had maximum number of genotypes (11) while cluster-VI had only single genotype. Cluster-V exhibited the highest intra-cluster while the lowest intra-cluster distance was exhibited by cluster-VI. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster-III and cluster-VI whereas the lowest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster-IV and cluster-I. Cluster-VI exhibited highest cluster means for yield contributing traits like grain weigh per spike, grain yield per plant, harvest index while cluster-V exhibited the highest cluster means for physiological traits like relative water content and canopy temperature depression. On the basis of heat susceptibility index, most of the genotypes were found tolerant and moderately tolerant for heat stress conditions. The genotypes bearing the desired values from different clusters can be exploited in future breeding programme for the improving wheat genotypes for heat stress conditions. These genotypes can be used as donor parents in heat tolerance breeding programme.
Future Prediction of Consecutive Dry Days (CDD) in Rapti River Basin Using Model ACCESS-CM2 Climate Projection
Authors: Kumari Sonali , Singh Vikram , Suryavanshi Shakti
Published: July 2024

The Rapti River basin in India is a region increasingly vulnerable to extreme precipitation events, which pose significant challenges to water resource management and flood mitigation. This study investigates the extreme precipitation patterns in the Rapti River Basin, India, by analyzing historical and projected data using advanced climate models and indices. Utilizing the Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices (ETCCDI) framework, we focus on Consecutive Dry Days (CDD). The study evaluates the trends under different global warming scenarios of 1.5˚C, 2˚C, and 3˚C, employing ACCESS-CM2 Model. The findings reveal significant variations in the trends and magnitudes of CDD across the different warming levels. At 1.5˚C, CDD shows a decreasing trend. At 2˚C, models project a continued decrease in CDD. At 3˚C, mixed trends are observed with notable increases in CDD, highlighting the potential for prolonged wet periods and increased flood risks. The study underscores the impact of climate change on the hydrological behavior of the Rapti River Basin, emphasizing the need for adaptive water resource management strategies. It provides valuable insights into the future precipitation trends in the Rapti River Basin, guiding the development of strategies to enhance resilience against climate-induced hydrological changes.
Varietal Evaluation of Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.) Cultivars under Agro-climatic Conditions of Prayagraj
Authors: K Rakshitha. , Singh Devi
Published: July 2024

Aim: An experiment to “Study on Genetic Variability and correlation coefficient of Gladiolus Cultivars Under Agro-Climatic Conditions of Prayagraj”.
Place and Study of Duration: It was carried out at Horticulture Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Naini Agriculture Institute during the Winter season of 2023-24.
Study Design: Randomized complete block design.
Methodology: The analysis of variance for different quantitative characters are with significant differences among the genotypes for parameters like growth, flowering and corm yield per plant of gladiolus. The highest corms yield/plant (g/plant) of genotype was observed in White prosperity (111.37). While lowest corms yield/plant (g/plant) was observed for Tambri (55.47). High magnitude of GCV and PCV were recorded for weight of daughter corm (20.396 and 21.71. In the present investigation, the genetic advance estimates were found to be high for no. of days taken for first floret open (24.58), corm weight / plot (g) (126.02), weight of mother corm / plot (g) (166.38), weight of daughter corm (70.43), no. of corm per hectare (42515.19) and no. of cormels per hectare (1349073.89). In the present investigation, the genetic advance as mean percentage estimates were found to be high for number of leaves per plant at 30 das (20.27), days taken for corm sprouting (31.48), no. of days taken for first floret open (31.38), weight of mother corm / plot (g) (27.03), weight of daughter corm (39.46) and no. of cormels per hectare (21.70). Genotypic and phenotypic correlation coefficient analysis revealed that Corms weight/plant (g) showed positive significant association with plant height (cm), number of leaves per plant , number of shoot per plant, rachis length (cm), no. of floret per spike, no. of spike per plant, floret diameter (cm), spike length (cm), vase life (days), corm weight / plot (g), weight of mother corm / plot (g), weight of daughter corm, corm diameter (cm), no. of corm per hectare and no. of cormels per hectare at both levels genotypic and phenotypic.
Combining Ability Analysis for Forage Yield and Quality Traits in Forage Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor L.Moench]
Authors: Santosh  , Pandey P. K.
Published: July 2024

The present study was conducted at GBPUAT Pantnagar to evaluate the combining ability for nine yield related and three quality traits in seventy F1 crosses developed through line x tester mating design that involved ten female lines and seven pollinator (male) lines. The complete randomization block design (C.R.B.D.) experiment was with three replications. Observations were recorded on plant height, stem girth, number of leaves per plant, leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, leaf:stem ratio, total soluble solids, HCN content, green fodder yield per plot, dry fodder yield per plot (yield related traits), and protein percent (quality traits). The results indicated highly significant differences among treatments (Crosses) for all the characters. Among lines 11 A2, ICSA-467, ICSA-469, 993100 A, ICSA-271, and ICSA-276 exhibited good general combining ability for different yield related and quality traits whereas among testers CSV-15, PC-5, 04 K 693, 04 K 700 and 04 K 668 showed good general combining ability for most of the yield related and quality characters. Among seventy crosses, twenty four crosses for plant height, nine crosses for number of leaves, one cross for leaf length, fourteen crosses for leaf width, thirteen crosses for leaf area, five crosses for stem girth, thirteen crosses for total soluble solids, nine crosses for leaf:stem ratio, eight crosses for HCN content, sixteen crosses for green fodder yield, eight crosses for dry fodder yield and seven crosses for protein per cent exhibited good specific combining ability.
Agro-Morphological Characterization of Rice Varieties in an Irrigated Lowland in the Guinean Savannah Zone of Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: Hippolyte Kouadio Konan-Kan , Clément N’cho Odon , Koné Brahima , Christophe Soro Nahoua
Published: July 2024

Aim: To measure the agro-morphological characteristics of rice varieties and to evaluate grain yields.
Study Design: Split-plot design with three replicates.
Place and Duration of the Study: In the M'bé II valley (8°06 N, 6°00 W, 180 m), not far from the village of Tabako, on the Bouaké – Katiola axe; about 24 km from Bouaké.
Methodology: The area of 1,815 m2 was cleared and subdivided into subplots 3 m apart, in which 15 m2 sub-plots were spaced 1 m apart in a split-plot design. 10 hybrid and 10 local varieties were selected for the study.
NPK (15-15-15) was applied as a bottom dressing at 200 g per 15 m2 before transplanting. The varieties were transplanted at a spacing of 20 cm × 20 cm, after 21 days in the nursery. The trial was irrigated via the drainage canal using a run-of-river system. Urea was applied at rates of 14 g per 15 m2 at tillering and 19 g per 15 m2 at heading stages. Glyphosate, a broad-spectrum herbicide to kill all types of weeds or plant, and propanil, a post-emergence herbicide to kill weeds only. The insecticide DECIS (Lambda-cyhalothrine) was used to kill insect pests.
Results: The eight mean’s value of local rice varieties was higher than that of improved varieties, whatever the plant growth stage. Conversely, the average number of tillers was always higher for the improved varieties. With a vigour index of 4.12, the improved varieties had a lower mean flowering time of 83 days than the one of local varieties which was 100 days. However, there was no effect of variety (P > 0.05) on the vigour index of hybrid varieties. However, for the semi-flowering cycle, a highly significant difference (P = 0.0001) was observed among hybrid varieties. The local variety Dememba showed a higher chlorophyll content of 52 µg mg-1. Varieties AR043H, AR034H and AR051H had the highest grain yields, around 8 t ha-1, while local varieties Demamba and Kouiklonlé had the lowest. In contrast, the varieties Koitè and GT11 yielded about 5 t ha-1. The variety Danané had one of the lowest yields of 1.5 t ha-1.
Conclusion: Identification of parental germplasm is important to quantitatively and qualitatively improve lowland rice production on the basis of agro-morphological traits.