bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving the the Financial Stability of Agriculture under Conditions of Modernization of the Economy
Authors:   PhD, Dotcent at the Tashkent State Economics University, Juraevna Temirkhanova Mo’tabar , Tairjanovna Fayzieva Umida ,   PhD, Dotcent at the Tashkent State Economics University, Narzullayevich Abdullayev Khurshid ,   Researcher of TSLI
Published: January 2021

In the article the state of financial sustainability of agriculture in the country and the prospects for improving the mechanisms for financing the industry are analyzed. Also discussing about production of agricultural products in the agricultural sector of the country by working in harmony with national traditions, creation of unique competitive products, reporting on the natural location of territories, exporting them at the level of products that are in great demand both in the domestic and foreign markets. The reweals the ways to ensure the financial stability of agriculture under conditions of modernization of the economy of the Republic of Uzbeklistan and its improving ways.
The Ability of Health Organizations to Change - Why do Change need a Process and Project Approach?
Authors:   Faculty of Medical Sciences, Masovian Medical School, Warsaw, Poland, Jasińska Joanna , Hab Hab ,   Faculty of Medical Sciences, Masovian Medical School, Warsaw, Poland
Published: January 2021

The aim of the article is both an attempt to identify the relationship between various disciplines of management sciences (change management, process management, project management) and a reference to the issue of their application and integration in healthcare organizations. It seems that this is a serious problem in the context of the inevitability of making changes in medical organizations, especially in the face of an ongoing pandemic (in a relatively short time). In addition, the ever-increasing complexity of healthcare organizations, while the pace of technological innovation in medicine. The article is a review - it integrates and interprets the current state of knowledge in the field of change management, process management and project management, indicating the need and possibilities of integration and symbiosis of various management sub-disciplines. It was developed primarily using critical literature analysis.
The Strategic Evolution of Value Chains Management and Corporate Reputation in Chinese Logistics Transport Value Market
Authors:   Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Kuranovic Veslav
Published: January 2021

China started its reform and open policy in 1978. Since then, the country has been transforming itself from a centrally planned economy to a market economy. The concept of ‘logistics’ was imported into China in the 1990s. Since then, logistics in China has witnessed a huge growth along with its fast growing economy. Logistics in China has accelerated since China’s entry to the WTO in November 2001. Prior to China’s entry, foreign logistics participations were regulated in most logistics sectors. Chinese logistics industry had been divided into sub-sectors where logistics activities were strictly regulated. After entry to the WTO, China has committed to a deadline to open its logistics markets. The priority accorded to industry stunted services development-particularly in productivity terms-while the emphasis on physical investment constrained investment in human capital [1].
Does Taurine Preserve Visual Acuity in a Patient with Pathologic Myopia?
Authors:   Ophthalmologist, Retina Specialist. Centro Visual Doctora Polanco at carrera 18 No. 84-11 Cons. 701, Bogotá, Colombia., Páez Lina Ramírez , Ávila Portillo Norma E ,   Animal Nutrition. Consultant 162 NE 25th street, Miami, Fl. 33137 United State
Published: January 2021

Taurine, a semi-essential amino sulfonic acid, is present in high amounts in the retina. It has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuromodulatory properties which have shown to be beneficial for specific neurodegenerative conditions [1]. However, its effects on high myopia or its complications are unknown. We report the case of a 60-year-old woman with pathological myopia, who 7 years ago, presented a best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 20/200 right eye (OD) and 20/70 left eye (OS), and was diagnosed with a choroidal neovascular membrane (CNV) OS. She initiated taurine supplementation (1.5 g/ daily for 14 days) and improved to a BCVA of 20/100 OD. She continued taking 500 mg/daily. Subsequent events included 4 injections of Aflibercept OS, cataract surgery in both eyes (AO), and peripheral retinal photocoagulation in AO. This last treatment induced a severe inflammation and loss of visual acuity OS. She was treated with corticosteroids, but after two weeks due to lack of improvement, the taurine dose was increased to 1 g/day. Three weeks after, her BCVA went from counting fingers to 20/60 OS, and her inflammation was controlled. After 7 years of continuous taurine intake, her CNV OS has remained inactive, her BCVA was stable and even improved in the last year from 20/45 OD and 20/80 OS to 20/25 OD and 20/60 OS, respectively. At the same time, her migraines decreased in intensity and frequency. This case report brings a new light towards the potential use of taurine supplementation in high myopia, retinal degeneration, and pathologic myopia.
Black has Surrendered to Coronavirus Episodes of Private Burnside Pharmacy Instituions in Pune, India
Authors:   Indian Council of Medical Research, Hajare Rahul
Published: January 2021

Current diagnosis approaches for COVID-19 include nucleic acid detection, chest CT, epidemiological history and clinical manifestations [8-10]. However, nucleic acid detection has time consuming and an incorrect food collection king table may lead to the false-positive results. Additionally, the specificity of consuming has low and the cost has high. Moreover, in the clinical practice, the detection standard varied partly with rapidly growing awareness of COVID-19 [7, 8]. Hence, timely and accurate diagnosis of COVID-19 has still important for the detection and therapy of ne patients. Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6), a high molecular weight mucinous glycoprotein, has more highly expressed in injured or regenerating epithelial cells than in normal epithelial cells [11,12]. KL-6 plays an important role in pulmonary inflammatory damage, mainly due to its ability to specifically identify the function of type Ⅱ alveolar epithelial cell, thus as a biomarker to predict risk of illness or death of pneumonia new environment [13].
Influence of Number of Repetition and Variety of Task in Upper Limb Motor Recovery in Hemiplegia
Authors:   Faculty of physiotherapy, Meenakshi academy of higher education and research, Chennai, India, S Divya , Ramachandran Arunachalam ,   Faculty of physiotherapy, Madhav University, India, R Janani ,   Faculty of physiotherapy, Meenakshi academy of higher education and research, Chennai, India
Published: January 2021

Knowledge of rehabilitation of stroke seeks to be important source of promoting recovery and independence of activity of daily living in stroke survivor. This study has the purpose to utilize the motor relearning program by means of task oriented approach. It is a novel approach towards the cortical reorganization in the sensorimotor cortex, where the sensation of normal movement pattern is achieved through variety of task practice. The major relearning of functional activity can be enhanced by increasing the intensity of task oriented practice. Subjects with cerebro vascular accident referred by their primary care physician to a physical therapist were recruited from the inpatient and outpatient department of Saveetha Medical Hospital based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and informed consent obtained and was screened for the eligibility. The collected data was tabulated and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results of pre-test and post-test within group analysis showed extremely statistically significant with p-test values (P=0.0001 and P <0.0001). It is concluded from this study that both the variety of tasks and number of repetition improves upper limb function following hemiplegia. Further intervention with more number of repetition resulted in a better recovery than intervention with more number of tasks.
Music Rhythmic Therapy - A Novel Versatile Add-On Support in Paediatrics
Authors:   professor of Beijing Normal University (BNU) and director of the BNU Research Centre for Arts Therapies, Mastnak Wolfgang
Published: January 2021

Music rhythmic therapy is a novel discipline and a contribution to integrative paediatrics. Based on an interdisciplinary systemic meta-synthesis involving medicine, neuropsychology, cultural anthropology, philosophy of arts and aesthetics, music rhythmic therapy focuses on the health promoting and curative power of music and movement as well as the artistic and creative nature of the child. Considered an efficient and versatile add-on therapy, it contributes to paediatric psychiatry (e.g. childhood trauma therapy, communication disorders and internet gaming disorder), paediatric neuro-rehabilitation (e.g. cerebral palsy, foetal alcohol spectrum disorder and poly-lingual withdrawal syndrome), paediatric psychosocial oncology, and treatment of the metabolic syndrome in children. Music rhythmic therapy was developed at the Beijing Normal University Research Centre for Arts Therapies and comprises elements of Chinese music rhythmic education, which was founded by Lele Kremer. Intersections between music rhythmic therapy and arts education in schools also apply to health education. Further research is needed to substantiate its models and enhance related clinical practice and public health measures
A Case Report on Familial origin of Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder
Authors:   Lecturer in Audiology, JSS Institute of Speech and Hearing, Dharwad - 580007, Karnataka, India, A Sabarish , Raje Urs P Harshavardhan ,   Clinical Audiologist, JSS Institute of Speech and Hearing, Dharwad - 580007, Karnataka, India
Published: January 2021

Auditory neuropathy Spectrum Disorder (ANSD) is a unique hearing disorder where outer hair cell status is found to be normal, but inner hair cell and/or the synaptic connections to the auditory nerve is disrupted. It is a diverse group of hearing disorder which can be manifested either congenitally or can be late in onset. However, there are various etiologies of auditory neuropathy which is represented in the literature, which includes birth related risk factors for hearing loss like prematurity, bilirubin synthesis issues, lack of oxygen supply to the baby during or after delivery, and genetic actors. It is estimated that approximately 40% of cases have an underlying causal factor as genetic origin, which can be inherited in either syndromic or non-syndromic way. The below case report provides an extra support for the fundamental genetic trait in ANSD. The study presents two congenital ANSD cases where, both children were diagnosed as congenital ANSD
Mucin 4: A Sensitive Diagnostic Marker for Pediatric Mucoepidermoid CarcinomaNick Shillingford
Authors:   Keck School of Medicine of USC, Postel M S Mackenzie , Chu Julia T ,   Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Dept. of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tran Henry H ,   University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Dept. of Pathology, Mangray Shamlal ,   Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Dept. of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Zhou Shengmei ,   Keck School of Medicine of USC, Zein Sophie El ,   Department of Biopathology, Institut Curie, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Paris, France, Shillingford Nick ,   Keck School of Medicine of USC
Published: January 2021

Background: Pediatric salivary gland-type neoplasms (SGTNs) pose a significant diagnostic problem due to histo-morphological heterogeneity. Previous reports have shown that Mucin 4 (MUC4) expression is associated with adult mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC). We hypothesize that MUC4 is also a sensitive marker for distinguishing MEC from other SGTNs in the pediatric population. Objective: To evaluate MUC4 expression in pediatric SGTNs. Methods: A retrospective review of 74 SGTNs diagnosed between 1993–2015 at Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Boston Children’s Hospital, and Rhode Island Hospital was performed. H&E sections of 31 MECs were compared to 3 adenoid cystic carcinomas (AdCCs), 6 acinic cell carcinomas (AcCCs), 30 pleomorphic adenomas (PAs), 3 mammary analogue secretory carcinomas (MASCs), and one sialoblastoma (SB). Samples underwent immunohistochemical staining for MUC4, with expression score criteria: 0% positivity = 0, 1-10% = +, 11-50% = ++, 51-90% = +++, >90% = ++++. Results: All MECs were MUC4-positive, with 25 (80.65%) having an expression score ≥ +++. AdCCs and PAs demonstrated no to minimal MUC4-positivity. Subsets of AcCCs and MASCs were unexpectedly MUC4-positive. As a novel marker for pediatric MEC, MUC4’s sensitivity = 100%, specificity = 79.41%, positive predictive value = 75.86%, and negative predictive value = 100%. Conclusion: MUC4 is a sensitive marker for pediatric MEC
Energy Processes of Self-Organization of Vortex Structures in the Problem of Compressor Stability
Authors:   Chief of Marketing Department, Coordinator of works on International Development Projects and Cooperation, Ivchenko-Progress SE, Ukraine, Zhuravlyov V N , Pismennyi V I ,   Chief of Marketing Department, Coordinator of works on International Development Projects and Cooperation, Ivchenko-Progress SE, Ukraine
Published: January 2021

The extended micro- and macroscopic model of laminar and stationary non-equilibrium turbulent processes of gas motion, which includes cascade cooperative processes of molecules energy self-organization, is suggested here. The model is based on the energy conservation law taking into account the fact that emission and absorption of energy are occurring during change of phases. Potential energy of thermodynamic potential of gas layers velocities difference is transformed into gas molecules rotational motion by overcoming the dynamic viscosity of laminar movement process as a result of the first self-organizing process and non-equilibrium phase change on micro-level. The second process of self-organization phase, which leads to the macroscopic dynamic spiral-vortex structure formation, is initiated when the heat conduction parameter (energy flux density) has reached its critical value
How and Where the Standard Model of Particle Physics Hides Dark Matter
Authors:   Safadi Bureau Damascus, Syria, Safadi Housam H
Published: January 2021

The Standard Model of particle physics is thought to be the best map that describes our life. For this reason, it could embed dark matter and reason gravity. In this exploration, I am looking at Standard Model through a new approach different from merely classifying particles as fermions and bosons. I will search in them for the concept and role of massiveness. Specifying photons and gluons as the unique bosons declared in Standard Model, I go looking for revealing the secrets of Higgs particle, Z and W-, which should not be visible matter bosons
A Paediatric Pulmonary Electron based Magnetic Resonance Imaging Technique Exploiting Electron Orbital Angular Momentum Spin and the ‘Celalettin Tunnel Conjecture’
Authors:   College of Engineering & Science, Victoria University, Australia, Celalettin Metin
Published: January 2021

The ‘Celalettin-Field Quantum Observation Tunnel’ (Celalettin Tunnel) is a quantum observation technique. It is within a pneumatic manifold of Euclidean space where the randomness of particle Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) is mitigated via electric polarization. It is described by the ‘Celalettin Tunnel Conjecture’. ‘Celalettin Tunnel Conjecture’ can be exploited to propose a paediatric ‘Magnetic Resonance Imaging’ (MRI) machine in pulmonary diagnostics for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2’ in paediatric patients to avoid the need to administer General Anaesthesia
Urban governance and smart future cities in Nigeria: Lagos flagship projects as springboard?
Authors: Agunbiade Muyiwa Elijah , Olajide Oluwafemi , Bishi Hakeem
Published: January 2021

Chapter 10 in the book
Refractions of the National, the Popular and the Global in African Cities.
Принуждение к цифровой экономике: как изменится структура цифровых рынков под влиянием пандемии COVID-19?
Authors: Ганичев Н.А. , Кошовец О.Б.
Published: January 2021

Может ли вынужденный перевод многих сфер человеческой жизни в цифровой формат, вызванный пандемией коронавируса, привести к радикальным изменениям в мировой и российской экономике? Как и насколько повсеместный локдаун повлиял на ход «цифровой трансформации»? Сформированная в ходе текущего кризиса новая модель роста цифровой экономики действительно способствует ускоренному развитию вторичной цифровой инфраструктуры (платформ и технологий искусственного интеллекта) за счет создания для них массовых рынков, заметного увеличения потребления в сфере ИКТ-услуг и перераспределения в свою пользу значительной части ресурсов из других отраслей. Однако этот «цифровой форсаж», в рамках которого традиционные отрасли были поставлены в заведомо проигрышные условия в силу искусственно созданных обстоятельств, происходит на фоне фундаментального структурного кризиса мировой экономики. Поэтому, в отличие от технологических революций прошлого, эта будет иметь серьезные объективные ограничения, связанные с суженными возможностями развития первичной цифровой инфраструктуры, без которой экстенсивное развитие цифровых сервисов и рынков невозможно. Кроме того, дальнейшая реализация принятой модели строительства цифровой экономики, базирующейся на сборе и обработке огромных массивов данных, принципиально невозможна вне процессов глобализации и предполагает существенный дисбаланс между новым «мировым технологическим центром» (США и КНР, которые, однако, находятся в состоянии торговой войны) и «мировой технологической периферией». Это означает для большинства других стран, включая РФ, необходимость «вписываться» в один из пока двух возможных периферийных контуров глобальной цифровой трансформации.
Оценка полных затрат труда в российской экономике с учетом квалификационного уровня работников
Authors: Единак Е.А.
Published: January 2021

В статье, которая является продолжением исследования, опубликованного в предыдущем номере журнала, описывается методика оценки полных затрат труда в экономике в разрезе отдельных групп занятого населения. В частности, проведен анализ оценок прямых и косвенных затрат труда по трем уровням квалификации работников. На базе оценок косвенных затрат труда показано, что количество рабочих мест, продуцируемых одним рабочим местом для работников низкого, среднего и высокого уровня квалификации, различно как внутри одной отрасли, так и в смежных отраслях.
Kết quả can thiệp nội mạch cấp cứu điều trị vỡ phình động mạch chủ ngực đoạn xuống
Authors: Tien Tran Quyet , Kien Phan Duy
Published: January 2021

Đặt vấn đề: Vỡ phình động mạch chủ ngực đoạn xuống là bệnh cảnh cấp cứu nguy hiểm có tỷ lệ tử vong rất cao nếu không điều trị kịp thời. Can thiệp nội mạch hiện được xem là phương pháp điều trị có hiệu quả, ít xâm lấn tại nhiều trung tâm mạch máu trên thế giới.

Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Đánh giá hiệu quả của can thiệp cấp cứu đặt stent graft trong điều trị vỡ phình động mạch chủ ngực đoạn xuống tại khoa Phẫu thuật Mạch máu bệnh viện Chợ Rẫy.

Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả hàng loạt ca với 31 bệnh nhân có bệnh lý động mạch chủ được can thiệp cấp cứu đặt stent graft từ tháng 05/2012 đến tháng 12/2019 tại khoa Phẫu thuật Mạch máu bệnh viện Chợ Rẫy.

Kết quả: Nghiên cứu có 31 bệnh nhân, nam giới chiếm 80,7 %, tuổi trung bình là 64 ± 15,1. Thời gian theo dõi trung bình là 18,6 tháng. Tỷ lệ chuyển vị các nhánh động mạch nuôi tạng và động mạch trên quai động mạch chủ để có vùng hạ đặt ống ghép thích hợp là 12,9 %, tỷ lệ phủ động mạch dưới đòn trái là 29 %, tỷ lệ gây tê tại chỗ 38,8 %. Tỷ lệ bung ống ghép thành công là 100%. Tỷ lệ tử vong chu phẫu và trung hạn lần lượt là 6,4 % và 31%. Về biến chứng liên quan đến kỹ thuật sau 30 ngày, chúng tôi ghi nhận có 6 trường hợp rò ống ghép loại II nhưng không trường hợp nào cần can thiệp lại, có 1 trường hợp rò ống ghép thực quản tử vong do nhiễm trùng huyết, 1 trường hợp vỡ túi phình do tăng kích thước túi phình trong thời gian theo dõi

Kết luận: Can thiệp cấp cứu đặt stent graft điều trị vỡ phình động mạch chủ ngực đoạn xuống là phương pháp mới an toàn, hiệu quả, thực hiện nhanh, ít xâm lấm, có tỷ lệ thành công cao và tỷ lệ biến chứng thấp.

Từ khóa: stent graft, vỡ phình động mạch chủ ngực động xuống, can thiệp cấp cứu
PRÁTICA AGROPECUÁRIA E DEGRADAÇÃO AMBIENTAL NOS MUNICÍPIOS DO ESTADO DE MATO GROSSO DO SUL
Authors: Sudário Pereira Janaína , Wemerson Gomes Pereira Matheus , Luiz Sproesser Renato
Published: January 2021

Este trabalho objetiva analisar a relação entre prática agropecuária e a degradação ambiental no estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, no ano de 2006. Especificamente, propõe-se, por meio de análise estatística multivariada, verificar os fatores associados à intensidade da agropecuária, predominantes na determinação do padrão de degradação nos municípios do estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, além de obter índice de degradação ambiental e classificar os municípios quanto ao padrão de degradação. Os resultados indicam que a intensidade de produção agrícola e a sustentabilidade na pecuária no estado são os principais fatores responsáveis por maiores índices de degradação em Mato Grosso do Sul.
OS EFEITOS DAS BARREIRAS TARIFÁRIAS SOBRE AS EXPORTAÇÕES BRASILEIRAS DE LATICÍNIOS ENTRE 2007 E 2016
Authors: Fernandes Ladeira Thiago , Igor Araújo de Souza Leonardo , Ferreira Pelegrini Djalma
Published: January 2021

A exportação de produtos agroindustriais vem se tornando cada vez mais imperiosa para a economia brasileira e para o atendimento das demandas alimentares da população do mundo inteiro. No entanto, essas mercadorias estão sujeitas a pesadas barreiras comerciais unilaterais, servindo como exemplo o mercado mundial de laticínios. Em contrapartida, fóruns internacionais de comércio buscam incentivar acordos multilaterais entre os países em detrimento do protecionismo. No caso do Brasil, temos observado uma série de restrições ao comércio de lácteos que redundam em redução do volume total negociado. Diante desses fatores, este estudo buscou examinar o ambiente regulatório do comércio internacional de derivados do leite na tentativa de compreender a forma como os principais determinantes das exportações nacionais atuam sobre seus respectivos valores nominais. A partir da construção de modelos gravitacionais para dados em painel, os resultados encontrados não afastaram a hipótese de correlação negativa entre as variações do nível de proteção tarifária e o desempenho das exportações, sendo que outros preditores considerados, entre eles, a distância geográfica e a renda mundial se apresentaram igualmente significativos para a determinação das exportações de laticínios.
Sobre la medicalización de la infancia socialmente problemática: objetos y trayectorias de la psiquiatría
Authors: Mitjavila Myriam Raquel
Published: January 2021

El artículo examina los ´procesos de medicalización de los comportamientos disruptivos en la infancia desde el punto de vista de su codificación por parte del saber psiquiátrico. Se presentan cuatro fases de los procesos medicalizadores de la infancia considerada socialmente problemática y sus articulaciones con estrategias biopolíticas de gestión de la anormalidad.
Looking at the Images
Authors: Pitassio Francesco
Published: January 2021

Neorealism offered a harsh representation of reality in its portrayal of war brutality, shantytowns, an impoverished population, and abandoned children. This depiction relied on photographic reproduction. However, besides this rendition, neorealism consisted of other multifaceted forms that defined its visual culture. Film posters promoted neorealist productions through a pictorial style and the eroticisation of the actors’ bodies,instead of displaying photographic images of everyday reality, as in photojournalism. Neorealism emerged at the same time as photo-romances, which were popular magazines offering melodramatic narratives in pictures. Neorealist works were novelised according to this template, which contributed to defining neorealist visual culture. In the 1950s, as neorealism declined, attempts were made to merge documentary representation with the template provided by photo-romances and the burgeoning field of photo- journalism. Photo-documentaries published in Cinema Nuovo expanded and prolonged neorealist visual culture into photography.
Mickey Mouse: Utopian and Barbarian
Authors: Mourenza Daniel
Published: January 2021

This chapter explores Walter Benjamin’s writings on Mickey Mouse, focussing especially on the unpublished note ‘Mickey Mouse’ (1931), ‘Experience and Poverty’ (1933), and ‘The Work of Art in the Age of Its Technological Reproducibility’ (1935–1939). These texts are read in conjunction with other essays from the period, such as ‘The Destructive Character’ (1931) and ‘Karl Kraus’ (1931), since Benjamin detected in the anarchic, destructive, and technologically driven figure of the early Mickey Mouse a similar project to overcome bourgeois civilization and, especially, the individual subjectivity upon which humanism was based. The chapter also draws on some references to Disney films as dream images in the Arcades Project (1928–1940).
The Dead Are Alive : The Exotic Non-Place of the Bondian Runaway Production
Authors: Behlil Melis , Sánchez Prado Ignacio M. , Verheul Jaap
Published: January 2021

This chapter dissects the opening sequences of Skyfall (2012) in Istanbul and Spectre (2015) in Mexico City in order to argue that Eon’s predilection for runaway productions has begun began to influence the textual composition of the James Bond film series. Eon Productions often modifies the narratives and settings of its Bond features in order to exploit the increasingly global availability of funding schemes, tax incentives, and cheap labor, and to secure, on a global scale, profitable distribution deals, enhanced visibility, and greater revenues from merchandizing. In the process, the Bondian runaway production fashions a colonial imaginary of exotic non-places, which has since long been a staple of the brand of Bond.
Fandom, Brandom and Plandom : Haptic Fandom, Anticipatory Labour and Digital Knowledge
Authors: Williams Rebecca
Published: January 2021

This chapter considers the development of Disney’s MyMagic+ app and the critique that it is an intrusive form of technology that removes spontaneity from visitors’ trips. The chapter also considers how theme park fans can organise and look forward to their visits to the Orlando parks using a range of participatory sites such as social media sites, blogs and, in the case of Disney, the My Magic+ app itself. These acts of planning also serve an affective purpose in allowing fan/visitors the chance to invest in anticipating the physical and emotional experience of the visit itself, and the haptic experience this offers. However, the chapter also bears in mind arguments around fan labour to consider how the participatory work that fans do must be examined alongside debates over consumption, work and branding.
Dangerous Drugs
Authors: Spaans Ronny
Published: January 2021

In the 17th century, the Dutch Republic was the centre of the world trade in exotic drugs and spices. They were sought after both as medicines, and as luxury objects for the bourgeois class, giving rise to a medical and moral anxiety in the Republic. This ambivalent view on exotic drugs is the theme of the poetry of Joannes Six van Chandelier (1620-1695). Six, who himself ran the drug shop ‘The Gilded Unicorn’ in Amsterdam, addresses a number of exotic medicines in his poems, such as musk, incense, the miracle drug theriac, Egyptian mumia, and even the blood of Charles I of England. In Dangerous Drugs, these texts are studied for the first time. The study shows how Six, through a process of self-presentation as a sober and restrained merchant, but also as a penitent sinner, thirsting for God’s grace, links early modern drug abuse to different desires, such as lust, avarice, pride and curiosity. The book shows also how an early modern debate on exotic drugs contributed to an important shift in early modern natural science, from a drug lore based on mythical and fabulous concepts, to a botany based on observation and systematic examination.
On Enunciation in Apparatus Theory
Authors: Lie Sulgi
Published: January 2021

The concept of enunciation has flowed into Lacanian psychoanalysis
through Benveniste’s linguistic theory and refers to the constitutive division
of the subject into the “subject of speech” and the “speaking subject.” While
the former refers to a transparent model of the self, the latter refers to the
opaque aspect of the uttering subject. In summary, it can be said that most
authors avoid the negativity of the absent cause to the extent that all try
to conceive a concrete instance of enunciation. If in Metz’s text “History/
Discourse” the viewer takes this position, in Raymond Bellour’s analysis of
Hitchcock’s Marnie the enunciator coincides with the author. In a counterreading
of Marnie, I try to show that it is precisely in the anamorphic rear
projection sequences of the film that a division of the enunciator is set in
motion, which negates the visual power of the authorial subject.
On the Pragmatics of Enunciation
Authors: Lie Sulgi
Published: January 2021

In Francesco Casetti’s pragmatist theory, enunciation becomes entirely
a matter of deictic point-of-view configurations between pronominally
defined positions of “I” “you” and “he.” Casetti turns the negativity of the
speaking subject into a performative speech act. In contrast to Casetti,
the late Metz comes closest to the original impulse of Oudart: against the
presentism of Casetti’s deictic model, Metz pleads for the impersonality of
the instance of enunciation similar to that of writing. However, Metz tends
to allow enunciation and text to fall into one another despite their alleged
splitting. The next step is a critique of Godard’s political modernism from
the perspective of suture theory. I refer to his use of the paradigmatic selfreflexive
figure of the “look at the camera” to explain that Godard remains
caught in the deictic addressing of spectator, author and apparatus.
On the Acousmatics of Enunciation: Back to the Suture
Authors: Lie Sulgi
Published: January 2021

With Kaja Silverman’s works, a reversal within Lacanian theory becomes
abundantly clear that turns away from the old identification paradigm
of imaginary misjudgement in the mirror stage. Following Lacan’s reformulation
of the gaze as an “objet petit a,” the gaze is thought of as divided
from the subject and placed on the side of the object. In the synthesis of
Copjec’s/Žižek’s work with Michel Chion’s theories of voice and sound,
my aim is to conceive of a fundamental acousmatics of film: not only
the voice, but also the gaze in film is structurally acousmatic. In Lacan’s
understanding, gaze and voice are strictly equivalent objects. As such, it
is my intention to conceive of a political aesthetics from a psychoanalytic
acousmatics of film. In the point-of-view paradoxes and transsubjective
gazes in Rossellini’s and Antonioni’s post-neorealist films, I analyze the
political and social dimension of this acousmatics.
Geopolitical Aesthetics
Authors: Lie Sulgi
Published: January 2021

The third, most abstract allegorical level is that of the acousmatic gaze,
which Jameson himself does not address, but which is implicit in his
theoretical re-evaluation of the conspiracy motif. In analyzing the paranoia
films of New Hollywood, I am interested in the theoretical mediation of
the concepts of suture and allegory. I show that the acousmatics of these
films correspond with the intransparency of social totality. The films
diagnose the negativity of totality in order to make it graspable again for
the subject’s capacity of imagination. In my discussion of Miami Vice,
I try to sketch out how such an aesthetic of cognitive mapping is also
effective under the new geopolitical conditions of globalization. In the
final sequence of the film, for example, the almost melancholic recourse
to the suture of shot and reverse-shot coincides with the allegorical utopia
of an unrepresentable Cuba. In this sense, in Jameson’s aesthetics of the
politically unconscious, the mapping of totality is always interwoven
with a utopian impulse.
Introduction
Authors: Lie Sulgi
Published: January 2021

In the second part of this book, the political aesthetics of negativity is
worked through from a different perspective. In Fredric Jameson’s writings
on film, which are based on an idiosyncratic synthesis of Hegelian
Marxism and psychoanalysis, the absent cause of the Lacanian real is that
of a social totality which has become inaccessible to the subject under the
conditions of late capitalism. For Jameson, the problem of a political film
aesthetic refers primarily to an epistemological problem of aesthetically
sensualizing the incommensurability between subject and totality.
Mobile Mapping
Authors: Wilmott Clancy
Published: January 2021

This book argues for a theory of mobile mapping, a situated and spatial approach towards researching how everyday digital mobile media practices are bound up in global systems of knowledge and power. Drawing from literature in media studies and geography -- and the work of Michel Foucault and Doreen Massey -- it examines how geographical and historical material, social, and cultural conditions are embedded in the way in which contemporary (digital) cartographies are read, deployed, and engaged. This is explored through seventeen walking interviews in Hong Kong and Sydney, as potent discourses like cartographic reason continue to transform and weave through the world in ways that haunt mobile mapping and bring old conflicts into new media. In doing so, Mobile Mapping offers an interdisciplinary rethinking about how multiple translations of spatial knowledges between rational digital epistemologies and tacit ways of understanding space and experience might be conceptualized and researched.
The Role of History, Nostalgia and Heritage in the Construction and Indigenisation of State-led Political and Economic Identities in Contemporary China
Authors: Law Andrew
Published: January 2021

Over the years interlocutors have pointed to the role of elites in the selective utilisation of history, memory, nostalgia and heritage within modern China; particularly, scholars have pointed to the role of Confucianism, humiliation history and totalitarian nostalgia within these hegemonic processes. However, with the exception of work on Shanghai, there is a paucity of investigations on the role of local elites in the utilisation of local historical-geographic discourses within contemporary China. Acknowledging this lacuna in the extant literature, this chapter argues that ‘local elites’ – defined as coalitions of local officials, developers, commercialists and/or urban conservationists – are increasingly coming together to utilise local histories, memory, nostalgia and heritage as a tool of urban marketing and place-branding. To unpack this argument, this chapter therefore explores local state coalitions dedicated to urban development in the cities of Shanghai, Wuhan and Xi’an.
Critical Spectatorship and Spectacle: Multifandom Vids
Authors: Stevens E. Charlotte
Published: January 2021

If a vid is a vidder’s path through a text, how do we account for vids that
combine multiple source texts into one work? This chapter focuses on
multifandom vids, a genre that draws together video clips from several
sources and that demonstrates ways of watching broadly across media
texts. In this, multifandom vids are the record of more than the interpretation
of a single text: they construct a fannish spectator’s ‘paths’ through
genres, transmedia narratives, and even actors’ careers. Alongside critical
work on found footage films, this chapter analyses the visual pleasures
of vids and their relationship with audience fascinations of erotics, of
spectacle, and of the pleasures offered by various genres.
Early Modern Écologies
Authors: Goul Pauline , Usher  , Melehy Hassan , Miglietti Sara , Oliver Jennifer , Zhiri Oumelbanine , Shiflett Stephanie , Addis Kat , Conley Tom , Velazquez Victor , Szabari Antonia , Mackenzie Louisa
Published: January 2021

Early Modern Écologies is the first collective volume to offer perspectives on the relationship between contemporary ecological thought and early modern French literature. If Descartes spoke of humans as being ‘masters and possessors of Nature’ in the seventeenth century, the writers taken up in this volume arguably demonstrated a more complex and urgent understanding of the human relationship to our shared planet. Opening up a rich archive of literary and non-literary texts produced by Montaigne and his contemporaries, this volume foregrounds not how ecocriticism renews our understanding of a literary corpus, but rather how that corpus causes us to re-think or to nuance contemporary eco-theory. The sparsely bilingual title (an acute accent on écologies) denotes the primary task at hand: to pluralize (i.e. de-Anglophone-ize) the Environmental Humanities. Featuring established and emerging scholars from Europe and the United States, Early Modern Écologies opens up new dialogues between ecotheorists such as Timothy Morton, Gilles Deleuze, and Bruno Latour and Montaigne, Ronsard, Du Bartas, and Olivier de Serres.
Between Nature and Culture : The Integrated Ecology of Renaissance Climate Theories
Authors: Miglietti Sara
Published: January 2021

‘Climate theories’ are often explained away in scholarship as pseudosciences irrelevant to the modern world, or as morally problematic forms of geographic determinism. This chapter instead argues that such theories still offer a valuable lens not only for understanding how early modern people conceptualized the relationship between human culture and nonhuman nature, but also for resituating ourselves with respect to this very same issue. Are we humans above and outside nature, or are we an integral part of it, caught in its dynamics and affected by its internal changes—including those resulting from our own agency? Three sixteenth-century authors (Le Roy, Bodin, La Framboisière) are here brought into dialogue with contemporary thinkers (Descola, Latour) to reappraise the ‘integrated ecology’ of nature and culture proposed by early modern climate theorists.
Almost Encountering Ronsard’s Rose
Authors: Usher Phillip John
Published: January 2021

This chapter takes up the French poet’s most famous ode ‘Mignonne, allons voir si la rose…’ in order to ask a simple but important question: what are the barriers to close-reading a poem such as this one, a poem made of ‘signs’, if we (also) try to access through it the nature—or Nature— of which it perhaps claims to be an imitation? To explore such a question, Usher experiments with three ways of reading the ode. He first explores the cultural/historical approach offered by book history. A second approach seeks out connections between Ronsard’s poem and early modern botany’s own discussion of roses. The third and final method strives to get beyond the poem as cultural artefact by drawing on contemporary plant theory (Jeffrey Nealon, Michael Marder, Luce Irigaray).
Formations
Authors: Vehlken Sebastian
Published: January 2021

Concerned with formations, the second chapter is devoted to historical scenes in the development of behavioral biology around 1900. The latter discipline systematized knowledge about swarms by relying on physical instead of then popular social models of interaction, e.g. in mass psychology. It developed a genuinely ‘biological gaze’ that was determined to study animal collectives in terms of the ‘systemic’ nature of their inter-individual behavior. Techniques and media for gathering data thus gained a new degree of relevance, replacing the human sensory apparatus, which perceived little more than noise, and traditional systems for recording information (diaries, hand-written observations), which could not deal with the abundance of data.
Formats
Authors: Vehlken Sebastian
Published: January 2021

With the umbrella term formats, this chapter explores the history of technical enhancements of swarm research between 1930 and 1980. It is concerned with the various attempts that were made to gain quantitative and formalizable access to the swarm by suppressing noise. Efforts were made to record swarms with optical media in a variety of experimental systems, and in the open sea researchers additionally tried to make swarms visible by means of innovative diving techniques and sonar technology. Again and again, however, disruptive forces like the internal movements of the collectives or the distortive effects of the environmental medium of water interrupted the acquisition of data. Empirical research thus found itself mired in a ‘technological morass.’
Zootechnologies
Authors: Vehlken Sebastian
Published: January 2021

This chapter develops the concept of zootechnologies and of swarming as a cultural technique with regard to four decisive application areas. First, it discusses the development of drone swarms under the hypothesis that these create a multifold ‘spatial intelligence.’ Second, it highlights the importance of a variety of agent-based modeling toolkits for the dissemination of ‘swarm-intelligent’ applications throughout different scientific disciplines. Third, it investigates the impact of ‘swarm intelligence’ on the field of architectural design and urbanism and discusses attempts to conceptually exploit swarming for architectural theory. Finally, it turns towards the research field of crowd control where ABM ‘pre-mediates’ human crowd dynamics and turns traditional concepts of ‘the mass’ upside down.
Of Missionaries, Martyrs, and Makahnas
Authors: Strasser Ulrike
Published: January 2021

The first of two chapters on missionary manhood in the Marianas, this chapter focuses on the mission’s beginnings and founder, Diego de Sanvitores. The Spanish Jesuit saw himself – and was perceived by others as – another Francis Xavier. Print technology, which circulated images and stories of saintly exemplars worldwide, offered a cultural template for such mimetic copying in the flesh. As Sanvitores fashioned himself into another Xavier, he sought to refashion the Mariana Islands, aided by Spanish colonial authorities. Violence and loss of life came to define this mission. Struggles for male spiritual hegemony between the Jesuits and indigenous shamans escalated hostilities. Sanvitores was killed and hailed as a martyr, drawing more men to the Marianas in search of Catholicism’s most heroic male death.
At the Cradle: Gender and Power in Seventeenth-century Parisian Society
Authors: Peake Rose-Marie
Published: January 2021

The chapter offers an overview of the historical context that gave birth to the Company of the Daughters of Charity. It argues that the urban development of Paris is a crucial backdrop: the contents and direction of the Company and its moral management were always handled from the motherhouse in Paris. Vital support for the Company came likewise from the devout networks of powerful elite Parisian women (the dévotes). Understanding the institutional changes in poor relief and nursing likewise sets the stage further for the analysis of the organization, execution, and contents of the moral management of the Daughters of Charity.
Portrait of the Daughter of Charity : Safeguarding the Execution of Moral Management
Authors: Peake Rose-Marie
Published: January 2021

The chapter turns to the body of members of the Daughters of Charity to examine the ways the directors managed the morality of the sisters. The chapter argues that the way the sisters were trained to become good Daughters and Christian women was an important survival strategy for the Company. The chapter opens with an analysis of the delicate position of the sisters as active women religious in avoidance of enclosure which would have made their vocation impossible. The subsequent sections discuss the ways the directors aimed to manage the sisters’ spiritual position by controlling their behaviour in public space, education, and devotional practices in order to negotiate an orthodox religious identity and avoid enclosure.
Portrait of the Underprivileged : Managing the Ignorant Substitute of Christ
Authors: Peake Rose-Marie
Published: January 2021

The fourth chapter tackles the means and contents of moral management aimed at the poor the Company of the Daughters of Charity helped. Focusing on the ideas and attitudes of the Company toward their benefactors, the chapter examines prejudice and love as motives in charity work and argues for the prevalence of the latter. Furthermore, the chapter discusses the contents of this moral management and finds that only a certain group of people were helped, the so called deserving poor, who were educated to become chaste and working members of society. This was not only in line with contemporary thinking of social order, but also part of the survival strategy that separated the order from erudite cloistered orders.
The Death of (a) Cinema
Authors: Nagib Lúcia
Published: January 2021

Chapter 1 focuses on Wim Wenders’s 1982 The State of Things, a watershed
film that distils, in programmatic fashion, the idea of cinema’s inherent
but unachievable mission to become material reality. The film is located
at a significant historical juncture, which marks, on the one hand, the
end of the European new waves and new cinemas, and, on the other,
Hollywood’s move into a self-styled postmodern era, dominated by selfreflexive
remakes. More pointedly, it attempts to theorise, in form and
content, this cinematic end of history by means of a mise-en-abyme
construction evolving across multiple layers of self-referentiality and
self-negation, that exposes it to the contingencies of the local environment
and improvisations of the characters/actors.
Intermedial History-Telling
Authors: Nagib Lúcia
Published: January 2021

Chapter 6 is an analysis of Raúl Ruiz’s 2011 Mysteries of Lisbon, a monumental
adaptation of Camilo Castelo Branco’s eponymous novel, in
which interconnected narrative strands multiply wide and deep across
generations. Whilst questioning the medium and its hierarchical position
among other media, the film also brings storytelling close to reality and
history-telling by creating holes in the narrative mesh through which the
spectator can catch a glimpse of the incompleteness and incoherence of
real life. In this context, the film’s constant intermedial morphings become
‘passages’ to the real, through which drawings, paintings, sculptures and
murals change into live action and vice versa, silently subverting the idea
that the story could have one single end, or an end at all.
South Arabian ‘Judaism’, Ḥimyarite Raḥmanism, and the Origins of Islam
Authors: Hughes Aaron W.
Published: January 2021

Aaron W. Hughes explores the social and religious settings of South Arabia at the advent of Islam. Rather than assume that the ‘Jews’ of Ḥimyar were religiously normative, Hughes works on the assumption that they were not. This fluidity of religious forms and identities means that boundaries amongst Arabian Christianity, Judaism, and what would emerge as Islam were often ambiguous. And yet this ambiguity does not mean that there were not distinct Christianising and Judaising tendencies, given the lengthy history of these two religious traditions in the area. It is not simply the case that Islam emerged as the sum of other, more established monotheisms, but that Islam’s appearance also played an active role in their self-definition.
Early Islam as a Messianic Movement: A Non-Issue?
Authors: Costa José
Published: January 2021

José Costa reminds us that, while the Qur’ān refers to Jesus as the ‘Messiah’, it never explains the meaning of the term. And if one leaves aside the ambiguous passages dealing with al-masīḥ, then the Messiah and messianism do not appear in the Qur’ān. This absence is all the more puzzling given that eschatology and apocalypticism do play an important role within it. Costa argues that the early layers of the Qur’ān contain a non-messianic eschatology, and the late layers a non-eschatological Messiah. The former may be related to a Jewish background, the latter connected to Ebionite Christology.