bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Directly observed therapy to assess adherence in patient with apparent refractory hypertension. A case-report
Authors: Ionov M. V. , Emelyanov I. V. , Konradi A. O.
Published: November 2022

Refractory arterial hypertension (RefHTN) is an extreme phenotype of resistant hypertension (RHTN), is associated with utmost poor clinical sequelae. True RHTN occurs in 10-15 % of treated patients. Up to half of them meet the definition of RefHTN, but another ~50 % are eventually diagnosed with ‘pseudo’-RHTN. Partial or complete non-adherence are among its the main causes. To date, there is no ‘gold’ standard to assess adherence. Directly observed therapy (DOT) is a promising non-invasive method to assess patient compliance. The wellknown abroad, DOT is not widely used in Russian clinical practice. In this short report we demonstrate a case of DOT in a patient with apparent RefHTN.
Life History of Swordfish, Xiphias gladius, Caught in the Northern Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Millender Anna , Higgs Jeremy , Brown-Peterson Nancy , Andres Michael , Franks James
Published: November 2022

The current study examined 93 Swordfish, Xiphias gladius, (64 females, 27 males, 2 unknown) ranging in size from 77.6–246.3 cm lower jaw fork length (LJFL) from the northern Gulf of Mexico (GOM). Samples were collected between March and August in 2005–2007, 2017–2019 and 2021. Age estimates of 51 Swordfish resulted in a maximum observed age of 11 years (205.0 cm LJFL) and 7 years (190.4 cm LJFL) for females and males, respectively. Observed and back—calculated length—at—age data were fitted to 4 growth models (2— and 3— parameter von Bertalanffy, Gompertz, and logistic). The 2—parameter von Bertalanffy was the model that best fit the data (Linf = 210.2 cm LJFL, k = 0.25). Histological examination of gonadal tissue from 91 fish indicated that females reached 50% and 95% physiological maturity at 116 ± 6 cm LJFL and 143 ± 8 cm LJFL, respectively, corresponding to ages 2—3 years. All males >82 cm LJFL were physiologically sexually mature. Only 10% of females were reproductively active, with spawning capable females captured in June. Reproductively active females exhibited asynchronous oocyte development indicating batch spawning. Most males (96%) were spawning capable from April–August. Philometra sp. infection was found in all ovaries examined (n = 16) but with low abundance (2.25 ± 0.42); male philometrids were more prevalent than females (91.7% and 66.7%, respectively). Swordfish in the northern GOM appear to achieve sexual maturity at a younger age, grow faster, and have shorter theoretical longevity than previous reports from other regions world—wide.
Post mortem ethanol detection in corpses after embalming – preliminary study
Authors: Tomsia Marcin , Nowicka Joanna , Chełmecka Elżbieta
Published: November 2022

Balsamacja zwłok staje się coraz bardziej popularna ze względów sanitarnych, higienicznych lub psychologicznych. W szczególnych okolicznościach, jak transport zwłok z zagranicy, balsamowanie jest wymogiem administracyjnym. Balsamacja odbywa się za pomocą substancji chemicznych, które hamują aktywność enzymatyczną i bakteriologiczną, wstrzymując tym samym procesy rozkładu. Prezentowana praca przedstawia analizy toksykologiczne materiałów pobranych podczas sekcji sześciu zwłok poddanych procesom balsamowania oraz wyniki pomiarów stężenia użytych konserwantów w tkankach i płynach ustrojowych badanych zwłok. Analiza przeprowadzona za pomocą chromatografii gazowej z detektorem płomieniowo-jonizacyjnym (gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector – GC-FID) udowodniła obecność etanolu w pięciu przypadkach. Chromatografia cieczowa połączona ze spektrometrią mas (liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry – LC-MS) wykluczyła obecność substancji psychoaktywnych we wszystkich sześciu przypadkach. Wyniki wykazały, że w przypadku analiz toksykologicznych zabalsamowanych zwłok kluczowe znaczenie ma zabezpieczenie izolowanych płynów ustrojowych, takich jak płyn mózgowo-rdzeniowy, płyn gałki ocznej, oraz wielu materiałów referencyjnych.
Family Farming Systems in Northern Central Cameroon: Challenges and Prospects for Food Security
Authors: Chimi Pierre Marie , Mala William Armand , Essouma François Manga , Ngamsou Abdel Karimou , Matick John Hermann , Fobane Jean Louis , Funwi Forbi Preasious , Kamdem Michele Elodie Kouoguem , Nganmegni Lethicia Flavine Feunang , Bell Joseph Martin
Published: November 2022

If family farming is supported, it can serve as a foundation for growth and food security. One of Cameroon's biggest development challenges is still food insecurity. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the situation and key determinants of food security in the northern forest-savanna transition zone of the Central Cameroon Region. To do this, 180 family farmers from Mbangassina, Ntui, Batchenga, and Obala participated in a survey and field observations (January-March 2020; March-May 2021, and July-September 2021). According to this survey and these findings, the useful agricultural area is 4.55 ± 0.21 hectares. Cocoa, yam, cassava, maize, plantain, sweet potato, and peanut are the principal crops mentioned. With a mixed workforce, the vast majority of agricultural work is performed manually (machetes, daba, etc). (Family and external). Seven significant challenges face family farming in these areas: poor market organization, bad road/track conditions, a lack of inputs, seasonal uncertainties/rainfall deficits, challenging access to irrigation, unstable land tenure, challenging access to credit, and challenging access to agricultural equipment. Each community faces unique challenges. The family agricultural industry, which these people rely on for their food security, needs to be saved to overcome these obstacles. According to the findings, expanding access to financial and commercial services will help agricultural operations in the study area increase food security. This will be in line with initiatives made by both governmental and non-governmental organizations to advance agricultural technologies as a way to address the issue of food insecurity.
Una experiencia para fomentar la escritura en los estudiantes por medio de la multimodalidad
Authors: Silva Vivas Sandra Yannet , Yepes González Daniela Alexandra
Published: November 2022

La escritura creativa proporciona nuevas opciones a los estudiantes para motivarlos a aprender inglés utilizando el lenguaje de manera significativa para interactuar con el mundo. Así, este proyecto incorpora principios de la multimodalidad con la escritura creativa como una oportunidad para incentivar estudiantes de octavo en una institución pública en Tunja. Durante este proyecto de investigación acción, se realizó la correspondiente intervención pedagógica: se diseñaron cuatro talleres con actividades de escritura creativa integrando articuladamente imagen, texto, sonido y lenguaje oral, etc. los cuáles fueron agregados a la plataforma multimedia de aprendizaje EDMODO. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de encuestas, artefactos de los estudiantes y grupos focales. Por otro lado, se siguió el proceso de planeación, prueba, observación y reflexión. Los datos recolectados fueron analizados a través de los principios de la teoría fundada. Los resultados indican qué al integrar en escritura creativa con la multimodalidad y ambientes virtuales de aprendizaje, el inglés se vuelve significativo para los estudiantes como un medio de autoexpresión y comunicación durante la pandemia del Covid-19; su motivación aumenta cuando el inglés permea espacios digitales con el propósito de compartir pensamientos de manera creativa utilizando canciones, imágenes, dibujos, e incluso su voz junto con sus escritos. Por lo tanto, la escritura creativa multimodal en ambientes virtuales demuestran ser estrategias positivas para potenciar la motivación del uso y aprendizaje del inglés y estas actividades pueden ser aplicadas en futuras clases virtuales e híbridas
Regional carbon isotope curve and biotic events in the Silurian of the Western slope of the Subpolar Urals and Chernov Uplift
Authors: Beznosova Tatiana , Matveev V.
Published: November 2022

We present a new regional event scale based on a generalized analysis of results of determination of event-stratigraphic boundaries of biotic events of various levels and 13C isotope anomalies in studied reference sections of the Subpolar Urals and the Chernov Uplift.

The combined regional curve of carbon isotopic composition allows finding out several isotopic events in the Silurian.
Impact of Knowledge and Technology Use by Teachers on Job Satisfaction: A Field Study
Authors: ÖZİŞLİ Ömer , BAĞCI Hakkı
Published: November 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı lise öğretmenlerinin bilgi ve teknoloji kullanımlarının cinsiyet, eğitim düzeyi, meslekteki kıdem ve branş değişkenleri bazında inceleyerek iş tatminleri üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmaktır. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını Kocaeli'nin Gölcük ilçesinde bulunan liselerde çalışan öğretmenler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma tarama modeline uygun olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak Bilgi ve İletişim Teknolojileri Ölçeği ile Minnesota İş Doyum Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda öğretmenlerin bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri becerilerinin temel donanım işlemleri ve kişisel bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri kullanımı alt boyutlarının cinsiyet ve mezuniyet durumları değişkenlerine göre anlamlı farklılık gösterdiği görülmüştür. Ayrıca öğretmenlerin bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri becerilerinin kişisel bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri kullanımına mesleki kıdemlerine göre anlamlı farklılık gösterdiği sonucuna da ulaşılmıştır. Elde edilen bir diğer sonuç ise öğretmenlerin bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri becerileri arttıkça iş tatminlerinin arttığıdır.
MINI-REVIEW: Contribution of early intervention models to child motor development
Authors: Tabosa Tayná A. , Ferreira Letícia H. M. , Viana-Cardoso Kátia V. , Ferracioli-Gama Marcela C.
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND: Early intervention (EI) is a specific service for children in early childhood (up to two years old), in which the main objective is to promote the emergence of skills or abilities.
AIM: To identify the scientific production about EI programs and their contribution to child motor development.
METHOD: A mini-review of the literature in the PubMed, Scielo and Lilacs databases during November-December 2019, using the descriptors “early intervention” and “motor development”. Randomized clinical trials (RCT), quasi-experimental studies and case series were included. Descriptive analyses were applied.
RESULTS: Fourteen studies were selected. Some interventions were found to be effective: “Tummy time” (adoption of the prone position for a certain time) and the use of a treadmill for children with Down syndrome. Other results’ studies reinforced the importance of parents acting in their children’s environment and those strategies considering the insertion of the family in the intervention are able to modulate the risks to children motor development, even biological risks. The insertion of the family in early interventions was verified, highlighting the models of parental intervention and home visits.
CONCLUSION: Most EI models with positive effects on motor development are focused only on the execution of some determined technique, without considering the different aspects of the child development. However, family participation is undeniable even in these models. Strategies that show positive contribution to motor development seek to assist the family in the task of promoting environmental enrichment.
Tethered force at lower limbs and swimming during a 30 s exercise bout and its association with 50 m front crawl performance
Authors: De Jesus Karla , De Miranda Vitória , Franken Marcos , De Jesus Kelly
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND: The capacity to produce force should be promoted especially for the fastest swimming events.
AIM: This study aimed to analyze the effects of different test periods in mean, maximal and coefficient of force variation and to correlate the coefficient of force variation and 50m front crawl time.
METHOD: Twelve well trained swimmers (age: 22.33±8.08 years, 1.69±0.48 m height, body mass 56.08±7.86 kg) randomly performed three maximal 30s repetitions of full swimming and lower limbs actions in front crawl swimming technique with ~15min resting period. A load cell system permitted the continuous measurement of exerted tethered forces, and 50m time was registered as the best time obtained at 12 months before the test.
RESULTS: Mean swimming force was greater at 10s compared to 20 and 30s period (26.40 [20.66-54.20], 25.33 [21.70-52.35] and 21.39 [17.91-43.98] respectively, p<0.05). Mean, maximal and force coefficient variation at tethered test with full swimming were higher than lower limbs (24.37 vs. 12.71, 77.97 vs. 39.78, 0.77 vs. 0.49 respectively, p<0.05). Strong and inverse correlations were noticed between coefficient of force variation at 10 s during full swimming, at 20s during kicking and performance (28.75s [26.20-30.68s];r=-0.75;p<0.01). Very strong correlation was noticed between coefficient of force variation during swimming at 20s, 30s and performance (r=-0.91 and -0.92;p<0.0001).
CONCLUSION: Mean swimming force at full swim and lower limbs is affected by the period of the 30s maximal tethered swimming test and is associated with performance.Data reported may be used as reference for setting training strategies at short distance events.
Kependidikan NU dan Pendidikan Ke-NU-an
Authors: Asyari Akhmad , Jumarim Jumarim , MH Nuruddin
Published: November 2022

Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk melihat peran dan tata kelola Lembaga Ma’arif NU NTB sebagai landing sektor yang secara khusus membidangi tentang pendidikan di kalangan NU. Metode penelitian yang digunakan studi pustaka (library research), dan studi kasus (case study), dengan pendekatan kualitatif, pengambilan kesimpulan pola tehnik induktif-deduktif. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa sikap warga NU yang senantiasa memiliki giroh untuk mengabdi dalam bidang pendidikan dengan mendirikan lembaga pendidikan, peran, fungsi dan tugas LP Ma’arif NU NTB dalam mengelola 528 Satuan Pendidikan tidak bisa maksimal, melainkan sebatas memberikan motivasi pengembangan kwalitas kelembagaan dan proses pembelajaran, mengkoordinasikan program-program pemerintah dan donor dan mengkonsolidasikan lembaga-lembaga pendidikan Ma’arif NU.
How and Where the Birth Delivery Taking Place Matter towards the Success of Exclusive Breastfeeding
Authors: Roseprilla Adamina Dinda , Mahmudiono Trias , Rachmah Qonita
Published: November 2022

Background: Breast milk is the best nutrition for babies. The coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia in 2017 was still low. However, there are many factors that contribute to low rates of exclusive breastfeeding including socio-cultural factors, factors related to the health system, market, environment, and knowledge. Recent studies have shown that there was a relationship between the place and type of delivery with exclusive breastfeeding.  Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the correlation between the place and type of delivery with the success of exclusive breastfeeding practice in Indonesia among mothers of infants 0-6 months.Methods: This study was a secondary data analysis using data from the results of the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS), conducted in 34 provinces in Indonesia with a total sample of 1810 infants aged 0-6 months. The dependent variable was the exclusive breastfeeding. Independent variables were mother’s age, mother’s level of education, parity, place of delivery, and type of delivery. Data collection was carried out for all variables by interviewing using a reproductive woman questionnaire. Data were analyzed using chi square test.Results: The results showed that 48.2% of mothers gave exclusive breastfeeding. The results of the bivariate analysis showed that the variables of place of delivery (p-value=0.045), type of delivery (p-value<0.001), and mother’s age (p-value=0.048) were related to the practice of exclusive breastfeeding.Conclusions: The conclusion of this study was the factors that affecting exclusive breastfeeding in were place of delivery, type of delivery, and mother’s age.Keywords: exclusive breastfeeding, place of delivery, type of delivery, early life nutrition
Hubungan Pola Makan dan Aktivitas Fisik dengan Status Gizi pada Remaja di SMA Muhammadiyah 7 Sutorejo Surabaya
Authors: Purwaningsih Galuh , Sumarmi Sri
Published: November 2022

Latar Belakang: Masalah gizi pada remaja masih terjadi di Indonesia, khususnya di Jawa Timur. Menurut Riskesdas 2018, status gizi dengan indeks IMT/U pada remaja usia 16-18 tahun di provinsi ini masih tinggi, dengan prevalensi status gizi kurus 6,8%, gemuk 11,3% dan obesitas 5,1%. Proses pertumbuhan dan perkembangan pada masa remaja yang terjadi secara cepat menyebabkan peningkatan kebutuhan energi dan zat gizi. Jika hal ini tidak terpenuhi maka akan timbul masalah gizi.Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis hubungan pola makan, dan aktivitas fisik dengan gizi lebih pada remaja di SMA Muhammadiyah 7 Sutorejo, Surabaya.Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional dengan desain cross-sectional. Sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 36 orang diambil dengan teknik simple random sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melaluiwawancara dengan menggunakan food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), food recall 2x24 jam, kuesioner recall aktivitas fisik 2x24 jam dan pengukuran antropometri untuk mengetahui Berat Badan dan Tinggi Badan. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square melalui program IBM SPSS Statistics v23. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden memiliki status gizi normal (77%), namun prevalensi status gizi gemuk masih tergolong tinggi (14,8%). Terdapat hubungan antara kecukupan energi (p=0,03), karbohidrat (p=0,000), protein (p=0,04) dan lemak (p=0,04), serta aktivitas fisik (p=0,041) dengan status gizi siswi. Kesimpulan: penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubunan antara kecukupan zat gizi dan aktivitas fisik dengan status gizi siswi. Diharapkan responden dapat selalu menjaga berat badan idealnya dan salahsatunya dengan menambah aktivitas fisik.Kata kunci: masalah gizi, pola makan, aktivitas fisik, status gizi, remaj
The Pandemic in the Himalayan Country: Nepal
Authors: Pulla Venkat Rao , Bhattarai Sadikshya , Thapa Binay Jung , Rai Sukrita
Published: November 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a devastating economic impact globally and Nepal is no exception. Tourism and migration abroad to work— two of the important sectors that have significantly contributed to the Nepali economy — have suffered tremendously in the face of lockdown and other restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic. In this context, this paper aims to understand how COVID-19 impacted Nepalis while focusing on Nepal’s tourism and migration sector. The paper is based on the review of secondary resources, including newspaper articles available in the public sphere. Data in this paper comes from the period prior to February 2021. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the situation of Nepalis who were recovering from social and economic destruction caused by the global earthquake of 2015. The resulting lockdowns, the closing of land ports and airports, and the limitation of people’s mobility have significantly affected Nepal’s tourism sector. In addition, thousands of Nepali migrants lost their jobs and incomes in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) nations, Malaysia, India, and other destination countries as the pandemic struck the global economy. However, Nepali people appear to remain resilient in the face of yet another disaster.
Civil Society Shifts, Challenges and Responses to COVID-19: Ireland, Scotland and Wales
Authors: Natil Ibrahim , Pulla Venkat Rao
Published: November 2022

This paper discusses to what degree did civil society organisations (CSOs) felt threatened during COVID-19 in Scotland, Wales and Ireland. The authors explore how civil society organisations handled lockdowns. The authors invited three CSOs from Scotland, Wales and Ireland to describe the variations between cultural and political contexts and the influence of social and environmental dynamics on their work during COVID-19. These three countries have been challenged to a great extent by a high level of uncertainty owing to the full lockdowns during COVID-19. Hitherto, the people of Scotland, Wales and Ireland have been living relaxed and operating smoothly. Lockdowns have created challenges for successful CSOs. This paper focuses on the political reactions and social dynamics of CSOs focused on active grassroots participatory democracy and the philosophy that comes with it as a democratic decision-making mechanism where people have the power to vote on progress in the area of public participation and social change. The central finding in our investigation is that CSOs power to influence their politicians or society and become engaged in changes within their society is minimised during the pandemic.
Legal and Ethical Principles of Artificial Intelligence in Public Health: Scoping Review
Authors: Al-Hwsali Anwar , Al-Saadi Balqees , Abdi Nima , Khatab Shaza , Solaiman Barry , Alzubaidi Mahmood , Abd-alrazaq Alaa , Househ Mowafa
Published: November 2022

Background: The potential of Artificial intelligent (AI) models to process and interpret large health datasets at scale could revolutionize public health and epidemiology, providing a foundation for public health. Ethics has been recognized as a priority concern in the development and deployment of AI. Because AI technology can jeopardize patient safety, privacy, and posing a new set of ethical problems that must be addressed. Objectives: We aim to provide a holistic view on what are the different ethical and legal principles that was addressed in the included studies regarding the use of AI in public health and what are the ethical challenges that can arise.Methods: Following PRISMA guideline, five bibliographic databases were used in our search: PubMed, Scopus, JSTOR, IEEE Xplore, and Google Scholar from 2015 to February 2022. Four reviewers carried out study selection and data extraction, and the data extracted was synthesized by a narrative approach. Results: This review included 23 unique publications out of a total of 1123 items that were initially identified. Different ethical principles regarding the uses of AI in public health and community health were identified and discussed distinctly in the current review. The common ethical and legal themes that this review focused on are equity, bias, privacy and security, safety, transparency, confidentiality, accountability, social justice, and autonomy. In addition, five ethical challenges were mentioned. Conclusion: Research regarding ethical and legal principles and challenges about using AI in public health specifically consider a new filed, because all previous themes are concerning the physical and patients’ area where it focuses only on the clinical settings.
The Relative Contribution of Blood Pressure and Renal Sympa-Thetic Nerve Activity on Proximal Tubular Sodium Reabsorption through NHE3 Actions
Authors: Pontes Roberto B. , Nishi Erika E. , Crajoinas Renato O , Milanez Maycon I. O , Girardi Adriana C. C. , Campos Ruy R , Bergamaschi Cassia T
Published: November 2022

This study aimed to verify the effects of an acute increase in blood pressure (BP) and/or renal sympathetic nerve activity (rSNA) on the renal excretion of sodium and water and its potential effect on the regulation of NHE3 activity. Uninephectomized anesthetized male Wistar rats were divided into three experimental groups: 1) Sham, the rats had their BP and rSNA recorded, and urine was collected for 2 h; 2) bicuculline (Bic) paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN), rat BP, and rSNA were recorded, and urine was collected for 1 h at baseline conditions and 1 h after bicuculline injection into the PVN; 3) RNS + Bicuculine injection into the PVN, BP, and rSNA were recorded, and urine was collected 1h after RNS and 1 h after bicuculline injection into the PVN. Renal nerve stimulation (RNS) decreased sodium and water excretion independent of changes in BP. However, after Bic in the PVN during RNS stimulation, BP and rSNA increased up to 30% and 60%, respectively, increasing diuresis (5-fold) and natriuresis (2.3-fold), accompanied by a significant reduction in the NHE3 activity independent of GFR changes. In conclusion, an acute increase in BP overcomes such effects, generating diuresis, natriuresis, and NHE3 activity inhibition.
Modulated Electro-Hyperthermia Enhances Tumor Cell Sus-ceptibility to Gamma Delta T Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity and Tumor Infiltration
Authors: Chen Yi-Ching , Chang Yu-Kang , Tung Min-Che , Lan Keng-Li , Tsang Yuk-Wah , Chang Heng-Jui , Hu Gin-Hao , Lu Long-Sheng , Leung Stephen W , Shueng Pei-Wei , Hung Shih-Kai , Chao Yee , Wang Yu-Shan , Chiu Yu-Chi
Published: November 2022

γδT have functions of innate and adaptive immunity, with the potential to induce durable responses while being well-tolerated, with limited adverse effects, making it attractive as a tool for immunotherapy. γδT faces challenges as a frontline tool in clinical oncology, with limited response rates due to difficulties in reaching tumor sites with consistent cytotoxic activity and strength. Modulated Electro-hyperthermia (mEHT) is a loco-regional treatment, whereby energy-transmission from an electromagnetic field selectively targets the plasma membrane of tumor cells, inducing apoptosis and activating immune cells. We hypothesized that mEHT could enhance therapeutic effects by drawing γδT to tumor cells, while also rendering tumor cells to be more susceptible to cytotoxic effects. In this study, NOD/SCID mice harboring subcutaneous human HepG2 tumors were treated with intravenous injections of γδT after mEHT treatment. This method increased infiltration of γδT into the tumor site, significantly inhibiting tumor growth as compared to monotherapy with either modality. These data suggest that γδT could mediate a potent anti-tumor effect when combined with mEHT, and provide a strong rationale for combining these modalities in clinical application for cancer treatment.
Epichloë Endophytes Shape the Foliar Endophytic Fungal Microbiome and Alter the Auxin and Salicylic Acid Phytohormone Levels in Two Meadow Fescue Cultivars
Authors: Mathew Suni Anie , Helander Marjo , Saikkonen Kari , Vankova Radomira , Dobrev Petre I. , Dirihan Serdar , Fuchs Benjamin
Published: November 2022

Plants harbor a large diversity of endophytic microbes. Meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis) is a cool-season grass known for its symbiotic relationship to the systemic and vertically- via seeds - transmitted fungal endophyte Epichloë uncinata but the effect of the endophyte on the microbial endophyte community and phytohormones is largely unexplored. Here, we sequenced the endophytic bacterial and fungal communities in the leaves and roots, analyzed phytohormone concentrations and plant performance parameters in Epichloë-symbiotic (E+) and Epichloë-free (E-) individuals of two meadow fescue cultivars. The endophytic leaf microbial community differed between leaf and root tissues independent of endophyte symbiosis while the fungal community was different in leaves of Epichloë-symbiotic and Epichloë-free plants in both cultivars. At the same time, endophyte symbiosis decreased salicylic acid and increased auxin concentrations in leaves. Epichloë-symbiotic plants showed a higher biomass, chlorophyll content (SPAD) and higher seed mass at the end of the season. Our results demonstrate that Epichloë-symbiosis alters the leaf fungal microbiome, which coincides with changes in phytohormone concentrations, indicating that Epichloë endophytes affect both, plant immune responses and other fungal endophytes. Whether the effect of Epichloë endophytes on other fungal endophytes is connected to changes in the phytohormone concentrations remains to be elucidated.
Investigating the Biocontrol Potential of the Natural Bacterial Flora of the Apple Blossom
Authors: Schnyder Anya , Eberl Leo , Agnoli Kirsty
Published: November 2022

Erwinia amylovora, the causative agent of fire blight, leads to important economic losses of apple and pear crops worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the potential of the resident bacterial flora of the apple blossom in combatting plant disease-causing organisms, with a focus on strains that show potential for controlling fire blight. We collected samples of apple blossoms from dif-ferent sites around Canton Zurich, some grown with and some without the use of conventional pesticides, and isolated 538 strains which we tested for activity against Pectobacterium carotovorum and E. amylovora. We also tested the isolates against oomycete and fungal pathogens, to evaluate them for additional potential as biocontrol agents. Nine isolates showed activity against P. ca-rotovorum and eight of these against E. amylovora. Furthermore, 117 showed antifungal and 161 anti-oomycete activity. Five strains showed activity against all classes of pathogen and were tested in a detached apple model for anti-E. amylovora activity. Of these five strains, two were able to antagonise E. amylovora; Bacillus velezensis #124 and Pantoea agglomerans #378. We also show that B. velezensis #124 exhibits strong activity against three different fungi and two oomycetes in vitro, suggesting that this strain might have broad potential for biocontrol. Our results showcase the potential of the natural apple blossom flora. We isolated two candidate biocontrol strains from apple blossoms, suggesting that they can persist at the most common entry point for the causative agent of fire blight. Furthermore, they are probably already part of the human diet, suggesting they are safe for consumption and thus are promising candidates for biocontrol applications.
Combining Semi-targeted Metabolomics and Machine Learning to Identify Metabolic Alterations in Serum and Urine of Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Baiges-Gaya Gerard , Iftimie Simona , Castañé Helena , Rodríguez-Tomàs Elisabet , Jiménez-Franco Andrea , López-Azcona Ana F. , Castro Antoni , Camps Jordi , Joven Jorge
Published: November 2022

Viral infections cause metabolic dysregulation in the infected organism. The present study used metabolomics techniques and machine learning algorithms to retrospectively analyze the alter-ations of a broad panel of metabolites in the serum and urine of a cohort of 126 patients hospi-talized with COVID-19. Results were compared with those of 50 healthy subjects and 45 COVID-19 negative patients but with bacterial infectious diseases. Metabolites were analyzed by gas chro-matography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The main metabolites al-tered in the sera of COVID-19 patients were those of pentose glucuronate interconversion, ascorbate and fructose metabolism, nucleotide sugars, and nucleotide and amino acid metabolism. Alterations in serum maltose, mannonic acid, xylitol, or glyceric acid metabolites segregated positive patients from the control group with high diagnostic accuracy, while succinic acid seg-regated positive patients from those with other disparate infectious diseases. Increased lauric acid concentrations were associated with severity of infection and death. Urine analyses could not discriminate between groups. Targeted metabolomics and machine learning algorithms facilitated the exploration of the metabolic alterations underlying COVID-19 infection, and to identify po-tential biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease.
Influencing Factors and Symbiotic Mechanism of the Integration of Medical and Disease Prevention during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Public Hospital Employees
Authors: Wu Zhen , Tian Huiyi , Xu Dongjian , Chen Jiaying , Hu Yaqi , Wang Xiaohe , Zhou And Siyu
Published: November 2022

Background: The COVID-19 outbreak has accelerated the huge difference between medical care and disease prevention in Chinese medical institutions. This study aimed to investigated the relationship between the symbiotic units, environments, models, and effects of the integration of medical and disease prevention. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 762 employees of public hospitals in 11 cities in Zhejiang Province by random stratified sampling. We analyzed the influence paths of elements in the mechanism of integration of medical and disease prevention and the mediating effect of symbiotic models among symbiotic units, symbiotic environments, and effects for on this integration. Results: The path coefficient of symbiotic unit on the symbiosis model was 0.46 (p<.001), the path coefficient of symbiotic environment on symbiosis model was 0.52 (p<.001). The path coefficient of the symbiotic unit and environment was 0.91 (p<.001). The symbiotic models exhibited a partial mediation effect between symbiotic units and the effect of this integration. Sobel test = 3.27, β = 0.152, and the mediating effect accounted for 34.6%. Conclusions: It is suggested that Health policy-makers and public hospital managers should provide sufficient symbiotic units, establish collaborative symbiotic models, and improve the effects of integration of medical and disease prevention in public hospitals.
Sartre’ın “Gizli Oturum” Eserinde Ölüm, Yaşam ve Özgürlük
Authors: ÖZCAN Nilgün
Published: November 2022

Fransız Aydınlanmasında 20. yüzyılın başından itibaren, felsefe, edebiyat ve tiyatro birlikteliğindeki üretkenliğe en ideal örnek J. P. Sartre’dır. 20. yy. Çağdaş Fransız yazarları içinde görsel yönelimi en yüksek yazar olan Sartre hem algının önceliği hem de gözlem ve yargıların kasıtlı doğasını önemseyen fenomenolojik yaklaşım etkisinde, deneyimlerindeki görsel etkileri ve tekniği yazıya aktarmaya çalışmıştır. Bu bağlamda tiyatro, varoluşçu düşüncelerin geniş kitlelere ulaştırılmasında Sartre tarafından dâhice kullanılmıştır. Sartre okuyucularının sahip oldukları sınırsız sorumluluğun farkına varmalarını, değerlerin ve amaçların insanın şahsi yaratımı olduğunu görmelerini istemektedir. Dilimize Gizli Oturum olarak çevrilen bu felsefi oyunda Sartre ötekini; insanın şahsi cehenneminin bir dışavurumu olarak betimlemektedir. Ötekinin bakışı aracılığıyla kendimizi nasıl anladığımıza ve bunun nasıl rahatsız edici ve hatta acı verici olabileceğine odaklanan metin, öteki ile karşılaşmanın cehennemde sonsuz bir işkence biçimi olarak kullanılabileceğini anlatmaktadır. Ülkemizde daha çok romanları ile tanınan varoluşçu filozof Sartre’ın tiyatro eserleri ile ilgili felsefe literatüründe sınırlı çalışma bulunmaktadır. Gizli Oturum çerçevesinde yapılan varoluşçu analizin bu çerçevede alana katkı sağlaması umulmaktadır.
Pelatihan Penulisan Artikel ilmiah pada Prosiding dan Jurnal Nasional untuk mahasiswa di Wilayah Bodetabek
Authors: Arthur Riyan - , Daryati  , Supriyadi
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this activity is to improve students' ability to write scientific articles. Training and mentoring is carried out to improve students' ability to write scientific articles in journals and proceedings nationwide. This activity was conducted online using Zoom media and Youtube Education channel. Training and mentoring time from June 7 to October 30, 2020. Methods used are lectures, discussions, q&A and assignments online. This training was attended by 1,476 participants from various professions, but the target remains on students in bodetabek area. Training and devotion results show the average student's ability tends to be good at a score of 84.05 with some students reaching a score of 100, although some still score below 70
Cross country mobility (CCM) modeling using triangulated irregular networks (TIN)
Authors: Rehrer Sarah , Griffin Andrew , Renner Matthew
Published: November 2022

Cross country mobility (CCM) models terrain that has insufficient or unavailable infrastructure for crossing. This historically has been done with either hand-drawn and estimated maps or with raster-based terrain analysis, both of which have their own strengths and weaknesses. In this report the authors explore the possibility of using triangulated irregular networks (TINs) as a means of representing terrain characteristics used in CCM and discuss the possibilities of using such networks for routing capabilities in lieu of a traditional road-based network. The factors used to calculate CCM are modified from previous methods to capture a more accurate measurement of terrain characteristics. Using a TIN to store and represent CCM information achieves comparable results to raster cost analysis with the additional benefits of an integrated network useful for visualization and routing and a reduction in the number of related files. Additionally, TINs can in some cases more accurately show the contours of the landscape and reveal feature details or impediments that may be lost within a raster, thus improving the quality of CCM overlays.
Tutorial : the DEM Breakline and Differencing Analysis Tool—step-by-step workflows and procedures for effective gridded DEM analysis
Authors: Blundell S.
Published: November 2022

The DEM Breakline and Differencing Analysis Tool is the result of a multi-year research effort in the analysis of digital elevation models (DEMs) and the extraction of features associated with breaklines identified on the DEM by numerical analysis. Developed in the ENVI/IDL image processing application, the tool is designed to serve as an aid to research in the investigation of DEMs by taking advantage of local variation in the height. A set of specific workflow exercises is described as applied to a diverse set of four sample DEMs. These workflows instruct the user in applying the tool to extract and analyze features associated with terrain, vegetative canopy, and built structures. Optimal processing parameter choices, subject to user modification, are provided along with sufficient explanation to train the user in elevation model analysis through the creation of customized output overlays.
A Millennial-Scale Tephra Event-Stratigraphic Record of the South China Sea since the Penultimate Interglacial
Authors: Feng Weijia , Yang Jiawen , Bao Chuang , Kong Deming , Chen Min-Te
Published: November 2022

Large volcanic eruptions have significant impacts on climate and environmental changes. The deposition of tephra in marine sediments may serve as an eruption recorder, but it has not been extensively studied in the western Pacific. This study explored a millennial-scale tephra event-stratigraphy with multiple indicators in a sediment core collected from the eastern South China Sea (SCS) basin. The magnetic susceptibility (MS), Fe and Mn concentrations determined by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and identification of individual ash particles were used to identify tephra layers and reconstruct the history of volcanic activity. Nine visible volcaniclastic units (VVU) and two cryptotephra layers have been identified based on their distinct features, as manifested by high MS, Fe, and Mn concentrations and single-peak grain size distribution. The VVUs and cryptotephra layers reveal elevated volcanic activities. Using the radiocarbon age model and oxygen isotope stratigraphy, these episodes could roughly correspond to the following periods: 1-11 ka, 16-17 ka, 27-31 ka, 41-42 ka, 45-46 ka, 49-50 ka, 77-80 ka, 90-91 ka, 97-99 ka, 116-126 ka, and 132-140 ka. The alkenone-derived SST has significant glacial cycles and good synchronicity with other SCS SST records, which could partially help build the preliminary age model. Despite possible age errors larger than 1 kyr, the discovery and timing of tephra layers provide a preliminary framework to further investigate the impact of historical volcanic eruptions on climate changes.
Flow Assurance Management in Geothermal Production Wells
Authors: Matoorian Raya , Malaieri Mohammadreza
Published: November 2022

Flow assurance ensures that geothermal fluids (hot water and steam) flow properly in a pipe or well and are transferred to a power plant safely and cost-effectively. Inorganic deposition (scales) is regarded as the primary issue in geothermal fluid flow, and a reliable controlling strategy to predict and prevent scaling is essential.

We introduced a practical scale integrity management strategy to predict and prevent scaling in the flowline to achieve this goal. Thermochemical modeling is the primary predictive model to predict why, where, and when scaling will occur. Then two treatment approaches (chemical and non-chemical) are investigated to prevent and treat scaling. What-if analysis is extensively applied to propose an economic plan.

Due to the inability of laboratory research to replicate the extreme pressures and temperatures of geothermal wells, experts do not know precisely when and how minerals dissolve down in the well and are unable to offer regulating recommendations. Therefore, an efficient scale integrity management plan must be implemented. Simulation tools play a significant part in the development of flow assurance, as they provide a consistent framework for testing various what-if scenarios and aid in making the best operational solution. Injecting chemicals is not always economical to control scaling in geothermal operation due to the cost and inefficiency in high-pressure and high-temperature situations in these wells, and the non-chemical approach should be prioritized. Potential non-chemical approaches include sulfate reduction, operating wells outside critical scaling envelopes, reinjecting produced water, and lifting gas injection with more CO2.

This research intends to broaden the flow assurance concept in geothermal wells by analyzing the impediments and treatments from wells to the surface facilities.
Automation of Calculation and Management for HPHT Well Operating Limits - WIMS Coupled Engineering Analysis Approach
Authors: Al Sawadi Obadah -
Published: November 2022

The objective of this paper is to demonstrate and discuss the implementation of an automated workflow that calculates and manages the Operating Limits of Oil and Gas wells, particularly HPHT.

The workflow is primarily based on representative well data and equipment inventory. It runs reliable engineering calculations (including tubular triaxial stress and sensitivity analyses) to define the well operating envelopes. It is aimed to 1) maximize the operating envelopes of well tubulars and downhole packers -compared to other conventional methods- and 2) prevent costly failures of critical well barrier elements (WBE).

Results of this automation were encouraging. 100s of SME time hours are saved. Reliable and consistent analysis are performed for MAASP/MAWOP and overall well Operating Envelopes. Millions of dollars are saved by preventing potential and costly unnoticed tubular and/or downhole packer failures that could have been prevented. HSE/ESG is better served. Furthermore, this paper initiates a discussion to review implementation and compare feasibility industry applied methods that calculate wells’ operating envelopes.

Important Note: All well data, engineering analysis, operating limits and well information etc., displayed or referred to in this publication, are not necessarily actual and only used for illustration purposes.
Creating Spaces to Take Action on Violence Against Women and Girls in the Philippines: Integrated Impact Evaluation Report
Authors: Holland Jeremy
Published: November 2022

The Creating Spaces project was a five-year, multi-country initiative aimed at reducing violence against women and girls and the prevalence of child, early and forced marriage in Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Nepal, Pakistan and the Philippines. This evaluation focuses on tackling social norm change in the Muslim Mindanao region of the Philippines, working closely with the organizations AMWA, UnyPhil, PBSP and PLCPD. It found that strategies were effectively combined at community level to begin to shift local behaviours, while local change processes were linked to higher-level advocacy for progressive legislative and policy change at national and regional levels. Creating Spaces has successfully started to move the dial, proving change is possible with concerted, strategic and sustained effort. This evaluation provides key recommendations to guide future interventions to build on these successes, and create the basis for future social transformation around violence against women and girls and child, early and forced marriage. Find out more by reading the evaluation brief or the full report.
Impact Evaluation of Regional Influencing Work in Horn, East and Central Africa: A case study of the Rights in Crisis and Extractive Industries initiatives
Authors: Davies Sarah , Hodges Esther , Kibe Yohana , Le Ray Laura , Batemba Julius
Published: November 2022

Oxfam’s Horn, East and Central Africa (HECA) Regional Platform was established in 2016. Among the platform’s far-reaching portfolio are two influencing initiatives – the Rights in Crisis network and Extractive Industries programme. Despite their ambitious scope and the challenging context, this report confirms that Oxfam has contributed effectively to change at all levels. These changes include increased refugee participation in advocacy initiatives and strengthened civil society engagement on issues involving the extractives industry. Find out more by reading the full report now.
Neuroanatomical predictors of real-time fMRI-based anterior insula regulation. A supervised machine learning study.
Authors: Caria Andrea , Grecucci Alessandro
Published: November 2022

Increasing evidence showed that learned control of metabolic activity in selected brain regions can support emotion regulation. Notably, a number of studies demonstrated that neurofeedback-based regulation of fMRI activity in several emotion-related areas leads to modifications of emotional behavior along with changes of neural activity in local and distributed networks, in both healthy individuals and individuals with emotional disorders. However, the current understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying self-regulation of the emotional brain, as well as their relationship with other emotion regulation strategies, is still limited. In this study, we attempted to delineate neuroanatomical regions mediating real-time fMRI-based emotion regulation by exploring whole brain GM and WM features predictive of self-regulation of anterior insula (AI) activity, a neuromodulation procedure that can successfully support emotional brain regulation in healthy individuals and patients. To this aim, we employed a multivariate kernel ridge regression model to assess brain volumetric features, at regional and network level, predictive of real-time fMRI-based AI regulation. Our results showed that several GM regions including fronto-occipital and medial temporal areas and the basal ganglia as well as WM regions including the fronto-occipital fasciculus, tapetum and fornix significantly predicted learned AI regulation. Remarkably, we observed a substantial contribution of the cerebellum in relation to both the most effective regulation run and average neurofeedback performance. Overall, our findings highlighted specific neurostructural features contributing to individual differences of AI-guided emotion regulation. Notably, such neuroanatomical topography partially overlaps with the neurofunctional network associated with cognitive emotion regulation strategies, suggesting common neural mechanisms.