bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Waves over the Arabian Sea during the southwest monsoon
Authors: MUKHERJEE A. K. , SIVARAMAKRISHNAN T. R.
Published: February 2022

A study of waves over the Arabian Sea was undertaken mainly for the operational purpose of giving wave forecasts for Bombay High area where oil drilling and production has been going on. For the southwest monsoon season of 1976 to 1978 daily observations from the rigs in Bombay High area were available. Thus three years' data have been analysed to study variations of wave parameters with time during monsoon. After the re-opening of Suez canal, the number of ships moving over the Arabian Sea has increased considerably. Moreover, large quantity of data has been collected by the Soviet Research vessels during the Monsoon-1977 experiment. All ships observations for 1977 have been analysed to get an idea of the space variations of wave parameters over the Arabian Sea.
Analogue in the southwest monsoon
Authors: PAUL D. K. , MAJUMDAR V. R. , SIKKA D. R.
Published: February 2022

Daily weather charts for the sea level and two upper levels for the months of July and August for 30 years (1946-1975) have been categorised for different features of the charts. The coded information is objectively utilised as the basic source for selecting analogues for forecasting rainfall over different parts of the country.

 

The suits of a forecasting experiment conducted during the monsoon season of 1978 based on the analogues for the prediction of rainfall over the meteorological sub-divisions of the country are discussed. The overall performance of the analogues for forecasting purpose is assessed with respect to operational forecasts and persistence.

 

The categorised information was also utilised to study the synoptic-climatological aspects of monsoon.
Windchill at Leh
Authors: MUKHERJEE A. K. , RAO T. RAMANA
Published: February 2022

Windchill, a measure of cooling power of atmosphere for any given condition of  temperature and wind, has been calculated for the mountain station Leh, situated in the Himalayan ;mountain range located at an altitude of 3514 m above mean sea level at Lat. 34 deg. 09' and Long. 77 deg. 34'. Based on this an equivalent temperature; which would be felt on exposed human body in a 5 kmph wind -the amount of ventilation in an otherwise calm condition, has been calculated. The daily data for eleven year period of 1958 to 1968 {collected by India Met Dep) were taken and calculations have been done for maximum and minimum temperature epochs. The following conclusions have been anived at:

            (1) Windchill is more frequent in maximum temperature epoch with highest frequency October.

            (2) Windchill is less frequent in minimum temperature epoch with least frequency in January.

            (3) Magnitude of windchill is greater in the minimum temperature epoch.

            (4) Wind and temperature are independent so that there is no tendency to increase windchill on coldest month or on the coldest day.

            (5) Maximum windchill was found to be 14 deg. C.

            (6) In the annual variation, the coldest windchill periods are controlled by wind and the least windchill period by temperature.
Probability analysis of short period rainfall in dry farming tract in India
Authors: SARKER R. P. , BISWAS B. C. , KHAMBETE N. N.
Published: February 2022

The dry farming tract in India, where the annual rainfall varies from 400 to 1000 mm, comprises of 87 districts in 9 States. In this tract rainfall is the limiting factor for successful raising of crops. In order to stabilise the crop at a certain level even in a low rainfall year , it is essential that agricultural planning is drawn up on a rational scientific basis in terms of climatic potential of the area. For this purpose, amongst other things, it is necessary to know the minimum assured rainfall week by week. Weekly rainfall has, therefore, been subjected to statistical analysis by Incomplete Gamma distribution and minimum assured rainfall has been worked out at different probability levels from 10 to 90 per cent. Important features noticed on assured rainfall have been discussed in detail. The entire tract has been broadly divided into 7 homogeneous rainfall pattern zones. The duration of crop period in each zone has been indicated based on assured rainfall alone.
Satellite observed cloud distribution over the Indian Ocean during the southwest monsoon season
Authors: PRASAD ONKARI , MISRA D. K. , JAIN R. K.
Published: February 2022

The cloud distribution over the Indian Ocean has been studied for the two consecutive southwest monsoon seasons of the years 1973 and 1974 with the help of cloud imagery received from NOAA-2 spacecraft in the visible and thermal infrared channels. The cloud distribution shows an interesting mean pattern and demarcates the position of Southern Hemispheric Equatorial Trough (SHET). Weak tropical disturbances which appear as amorphous convective cloud clusters are predominant in the near equatorial regions of the Indian Ocean in this season. The study reveals a negative association between the southwest monsoon activity over India and the intensity of SHET. During weak monsoon conditions over India there is intense convective activity over the Indian Ocean between equator and Lat. to Sin association with active SHET.
Development of physics tests using Leap Motion controller
Authors: Жеңісов Д.Қ. , Дайнеко Е.А.
Published: February 2022

В последнее время большое внимание уделяется созданию и развитию дистан-ционного образования. Необходимо сделать процесс обучения удобным для обучающего и для преподавателя. Было разработано немало программных комплексов в виде онлайн или десктопных приложений. Исследования показали, что дистанционное обучение имеет ряд преимуществ [1,2]. Одним из важных этапов изучения материала является проверка знаний. На сегодняшний день тестирование –один из самых действенных, быстрых и популярных способов проверки знаний в любой области. Простота процедуры выполнения, экономия времени, быстрота осуществления обратной связи делают его очень удобным при использовании в электронных программах при дистанционном обучении.
Virtual reality as a tool for training young medical professionals
Authors: Цой Д.Д. , Дайнеко Е.А.
Published: February 2022

Статья посвящена описанию проекта на стыке двух сфер: ИТ и медицины. Приложение освещает функциональную сторону приложения, а также его пользовательский интерфейс. Приводится и инструментальная база программы.
Modeling of nonlinear stationary heat transfer processes in materials
Authors: Сейтнур А.М. , Рысбайулы Б.
Published: February 2022

В настоящей работе рассматривается стационарный процесс переноса тепла с учетом солнечной радиации. Используя одномерную модель уравнений теплопроводности, учитывая закон Больцмана, составляется нелинейное уравнение относительно температуры материала на открытой поверхности. Разработан метод решения нелинейного уравнения, составлена программа на языке С++ и проведены численные расчеты. Результаты численных расчетов оформлены в графическом виде.
Culture and Crisis Response in New Zealand.
Authors: Annan Jean , Dean Shelley , Henry Geoff , McGhie Desiree , Phillipson Roger
Published: February 2022

New Zealand is a bicultural nation, founded on the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi by the native Ma ̄ori and the British Crown. It is also home to people from many countries, cultures and ethnicities. Therefore, culturally-relevant response to crisis events has become a significant aspect of the Ministry of Education’s interdisciplinary Traumatic Incident Teams’ work. The Traumatic Incident Teams, which aim to support school communities and early childhood centres in the aftermath of crisis events, are mindful that people and communities recover best when supporters work within the cultural, religious and philosophical beliefs of those affected. In New Zealand, particular attention is paid when working with Ma ̄ori to support processes of tangihanga (traditional mourning ceremonies), and cultural practices according to the protocols of Maori groups. This paper discusses three separate responses to crisis events in New Zealand and the place of cultural relevance and sensitivity in recovery.
Young People Experiencing Behavioural Difficulties.
Authors: Macfarlane Angus , Hendy Vivien , Macfarlane Sonja
Published: February 2022

History has informed the present, as surely as the present will inform the future. As an evolving society, we are continually reflecting on the events and experiences of the past, taking stock of the issues and realities of the present, and then adapting the parameters, definitions and constructs that serve to define acceptability and reason as we move forward into the future. Our society’s perceptions about children – their learning, their rights, their status, and the disciplinary imperatives associated with these perceptions – have evolved and changed markedly over time. What was considered fair, right and just 100 years ago is now no longer deemed principled, relevant or appropriate. How has the passage of time during the last 150 years in Aotearoa New Zealand influenced and shaped current perceptions about, and responses to, children and behaviour? What legal, ethical and educational milestones have contributed to these current perceptions and responses? This article journeys through a timeline of societal, legal and educational events that have impacted on today’s theoretical and practical notions.
Improving Literacy Outcomes for Years 5-8 Boys.
Authors: Mercer Kelly
Published: February 2022

This paper reports on a small action research project carried out by a Special Education Needs Coordinator (SENCO) in a small rural, full primary school in New Zealand. It focused on improving the literacy outcomes for Years 5-8 boys in the school by way of a boys’-only writing group. Results show that the boys’-only learning group had a positive impact on the students’ engagement and motivation for learning and improved literacy outcomes.
Editorial
Authors: Editing Team
Published: February 2022

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Evidence-Based Interprofessional Practice: Learning and Behaviour.
Authors: Littek Celeste
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this journal article is to investigate evidence-based practice (EBP) or He Ritenga Whaimohio, as one of the seven principles outlined in the Resource Teacher: Learning and Behaviour (RTLB) Toolkit (2011) that guides RTLB practice; and to critique the principle of EBP through practical reflection.
Somali Students’ Perceptions of a New Zealand Primary School.
Authors: Smyth Heather
Published: February 2022

Cultural diversity is growing in New Zealand and deserves to be celebrated for the richness and opportunities for understanding it brings to our lives. Culturally-responsive approaches to education accept diversity and enable students to draw on their unique cultural capital as a learning resource. The aim of this study was to contribute to the literature in this area by finding out what Somali students in a New Zealand primary school think about their schooling: the aspects of school which challenge or support their cultural identities. Three nine and ten year-old Somali students attending a primary school in the Greater Wellington region participated in focus groups. Open- ended questions were used to elicit their perspectives on pedagogical approaches and their interactions with their peers and teachers. The students identified numerous positive aspects of their school lives, including strong friendships and autonomy in the classroom, yet revealed that bullying is an on-going issue, for themselves and other students, in and out of school.
An Interview with Emeritus Professor Russell Bishop.
Authors: Steeghs Cath , Rogers Lyn
Published: February 2022

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Keeping Our Difficult Kids in School: The Impact of the Use of the ‘Boxall Profile’ on the Transition and Integration of Behaviourally - Disordered Students in Primary Schools.
Authors: Allison Judy , Craig Shirley
Published: February 2022

This paper discusses the Boxall Profile as an assessment and intervention framework designedto support disadvantaged children in mainstream schools. The Boxall Profile was developed in the 1970s in the United Kingdom by Marjorie Boxall to identify children who had come into school unprepared to meet the demands of classroom life and needed support in a nurture group. The nurture group provided the emotional/social support the children needed to prepare them for mainstream classes. The Boxall Profile shows how the processes of early child development play a central role in a child’s ability to learn and succeed at school. It helps teachers in mainstream school to understand the emotional problems that lie behind difficult behaviour. A case study example demonstrates how the Boxall Profile provides evidence of deficit in social and emotional competence when attachment has been disrupted and a child has experienced trauma, neglect or abuse.
The Ling Sound Test: What is its Relevance in the New Zealand Classroom?
Authors: McDonnell Scott
Published: February 2022

Daniel Ling created the Ling Sound Test (auditory assessment tool) and it was first published in the book titled Speech and the Hearing-Impaired Child: Theory and Practice (Ling,1976). The philosophy behind Ling's sound test is to use a range of speech sounds that largely represents the speech spectrum from 250-8000 Hz using isolated phonemes to target low, middle and high-frequency sounds (Smiley, 2004). Ling’s phoneme sounds are [m], [ah], [oo], [ee], [sh] and [s]. The test is not a test of comprehension: it is used for checking the aural skills of detection, discrimination and identification (Smiley, 2004). A wide range of people can use this tool including audiologists, speech therapists, teachers of the deaf, classroom teachers and parents. It is a quick and accurate assessment tool that can be exercised with users of cochlear implants, hearing aids or with no amplification at all. It has a variety of applications, and can be used with a wide range of ages or needs. The Ling Sound Test is used worldwide (English speaking) and is used daily by teachers of the deaf based at van Asch Deaf Education Centre (Christchurch) and Kelston Deaf Education Centre (Auckland).
Promoting Social and Emotional Competencies in Early Childhood: Strategies for Teachers.
Authors: Morkel Vicki , McLaughlin Tara
Published: February 2022

This article discusses social and emotional competence and its importance in young children’s development. Foundations for children’s social and emotional competence are developed during the early years and are linked with school success and later-in-life well-being. We discuss three factors affecting children’s social and emotional interactions and explore various strategies that teachers can use to promote the development of social and emotional competence. Strategies encourage teachers’ active facilitation of supporting children’s development and are grounded in strong positive relationships and supportive environments.
Effectiveness of Word Prediction Software WORDQ: “...Predict it, Hear it, Choose it, Review it, Correct it, Write it now...”
Authors: Jacobs Michael
Published: February 2022

Our cluster receives a number of referrals from schools requesting support with the implementation of assistive technology tools (particularly word prediction software) to support struggling reluctant writers. It is widely acknowledged that writing is pivotal for academic success, and when a learner has difficulty expressing their ideas they often can become alienated and frustrated. Fledging research suggests that the appropriate use of assistive technology like word prediction software can remove such barriers for struggling writers. A popular word prediction software tool used in New Zealand schools is WordQ. This article discusses the background to WordQ, summarises the research supporting its effectiveness as a tool to support struggling writers, and highights ways to overcome barriers to enable the successful implementation of WordQ in schools.
‘O mātou ‘o le fatu ‘o le fa‘amoemoe - Fesili mai! We are the heart of the matter - Ask us! Pācific heritage student views about effective teaching and learning.
Authors: Knight-de Blois Lynda , Poskitt Jenny
Published: February 2022

Teachers often worry about how to optimise learning for students of Paˉcific heritage. To address the concern, this study sought views of junior secondary school students of Paˉcific heritage about what enhanced their learning. An innovative approach was trialled in focus group interviews which involved four Samoan teenagers as research assistants alongside the researcher to draw out participants’ views about what helped them to learn. Data analysisled to the identification of four themes: engaging teacher behaviour, lessons stimulating learning, positive student-centred relationships, and teachers respecting students’ culture(s). For Paˉcific students, successful learning involves: inclusion of Paˉcific mores and values; sufficient depth and clarity of explanation to ensure students understand new concepts; encouragement; varied and practical learning activities, and strong, respectful relationships between teachers and learners.
Teaching Children with High Functioning Autism – What Teachers Understand About High Functioning Autism and What Support They Would Like to Receive.
Authors: Williams Debbie
Published: February 2022

Teachers are often faced with the challenge of teaching students with high functioning autism without any formal professional development in autism. Resource Teachers of Learning and Behaviour (RTLB) are a service which is able to provide short-term support for teachers. One ofthe roles of RTLB is to provide teachers with the required support to further develop their skills to enable them to effectively teach students with high functioning autism. The current study explored teachers’ understanding of high functioning autism and aimed to identify what support teachers of these students would like to receive. Results indicated that, contrary to some previous studies, teachers have an understanding of the characteristics of autism. Results also identified support that teachers would like to receive. The supports identified are supports that RTLB are able to provide.
How Do Interprofessional Practice Teams Work Together to Identify and Provide for Gifted Students with Multiple Exceptionalities?
Authors: O'Brien Jilly , Riley Tracy , Holley-Boen Wendy
Published: February 2022

Priority learners in New Zealand include thosewho have special educational needs, yet gifted learners with multiple exceptionalities arevariably identified, understood or provided forin our schools. International research advocatesthe use of interprofessional practice (IPP) teams,with competency across shared values, roles and responsibilities, communication, and teamwork, to support gifted learners with multiple exceptionalities. This study explored the experiences and understandings of IPP teams supporting students with multiple exceptionalities in New Zealand. The study found that IPP team identity is still in its infancy and core competencies are still evolving. Shared values towards inclusive practices were hampered by limited knowledge and expertise across the IPP team. Limited understandings of teamwork processes and limited recognition of the importance of communication within the IPP team were also common themes. Parents and students were typically not recognised

as part of the IPP team identity and processes. The article concludes that gifted learners with multiple exceptionalities may not have adequate support at a systems level, and development of interprofessional practice competencies may be one way to ensure their full inclusion in our education system. Implications for policy and practice are described.
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Diagnosis and Schooling: A Tale of Two Boys and Differing Discourses.
Authors: Jongens Tracey
Published: February 2022

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) is the term to describe the range of adverse effects that can occur when a fetus is exposed to alcohol. At present in New Zealand there are no definitive statistics on the extent of FASD as a prevalence study has not been undertaken. However, as reported in the New Zealand Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Working Party Report (2016), at least one in two pregnancies are exposed to alcohol, with 10 per cent of these being exposed to high-risk levels. The life-long difficulties that people with FASD experience are becoming clearer as more is learnt about FASD and its effects. This paper describes the recent experience of two Year 11 teens attending different schools in New Zealand. The aim is to highlight the diversity of experience each had, due to the differing approach their school took towards them and their diagnosis of FASD.
Just do it: Supporting a world of difference.
Authors: Diamond Eileen , Fox Cindy
Published: February 2022

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Autism Spectrum Disorder: Caseload characteristics, and interventions implemented by speech-language therapists.
Authors: Smith Deborah , Gillon Gail
Published: February 2022

This study investigated the caseload characteristics and the types of intervention implemented for children with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD). A survey was developed and distributed to 75 speech-language therapists working for Special Education within the New Zealand Ministry of Education. A total of 34 surveys were completed and returned. Analysis indicated that all the respondents were providing intervention for children with ASD. The majority of respondents had between one and five children with ASD on their caseload, of which, over half were aged under five-years-old. Visually based intervention methods. such as the Picture Exchange Communication System and social stories, were identified as the most frequently used and the respondents rated these interventions highly in terms of their perceived effectiveness for this population. The need for research to examine the efficacy of intervention approaches commonly used by speech-language therapists in working with children with AD is discussed.
Editorial
Authors: Newdick Cath , Bourke Roseanna
Published: February 2022

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Supervision: Using the evidence to support our practice.
Authors: Holley Wendy
Published: February 2022

The function of supervision is to make people safe, quality practitioners. They feel able to do the job to the best of their ability and to give their clients the maximum service they can within a cost-effective system and the confines of their service delivery. (Ormond, 2004)
Supervision is an activity that, when effective, contributes significantly to service delivery and the ongoing learning and development of staff. Conversely, an organisation dedicating considerable time to an activity that is not benefiting practitioners and clients actually detracts from direct service provision. A national supervision project was commenced in October 2004 to maximise the effectiveness of supervision in the Ministry of Education – Special Education (GSE). One of the goals of this project was to develop a national supervision framework outlining thekey indicators of effective supervision.
A reference group was formed of thirteen staff spread across regions, tiers of the organisation, occupational groups and cultural perspectives, as well as extent of experience with GSE and with supervision. The group took an evidence-based approach to the project, with the term “supervision” encompassing professional, clinical and cultural supervision. This evidence-based approach was conceptualised as the intersection between the research evidence, practitioner expertise and the lived experiences of the people involved. Therefore, information was gathered from three main sources: a literature review (the research evidence), interviews with twelve luminaries in the field of supervision (practitioner expertise) and an internal online survey (the lived experience of the people involved). Additionally, reference group members scoped existing supervision practices in their districts and regions.
The online survey, which had a response rate of nearly 40 percent, gathered a variety of quantitative and qualitative information on the current practices of staff in relation to supervision. Results from the survey, enhanced with information from districts, were used to develop a snapshot of supervision within the organisation. This snapshot was examined against the effective practices outlined by the literature and key luminaries, and informed the development of GSE’s national supervision framework.
This article seeks to synthesise the evidence underpinning each of the key themes, examine them against the current picture of supervision with GSE and translate them into practical ways of enriching supervision practices.
Supervision helps a person reach their highest potential in their work and personal life. (Ormond, 2004)
Professional Learning through Practice.
Authors: Ford Jill
Published: February 2022

This practice article explores the relationship between practice and professional learning. Are these two distinctly separate activities, competing for the time of a staff member, or are practice and learning linked? If so, what is the nature of this link and how can we best align professional learning with practice outcomes? Using an example from the everyday work of a GSE Special Education Advisor (SEA), this article explores how a professional might link learning andpractice for improved student outcomes. It illustrates how learning might occur as a staff member reflects on day to day work challenges, sets related learning objectives, and choosesand uses a wide range of activities to learn through practice.
Ryan’s Story
Authors: Julian Bronwyn
Published: February 2022

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An Evaluation of the Discovery Time Programme.
Authors: Fisher Rebecca , Martin Brenda
Published: February 2022

This article describes the Discovery Time programme, a largely child-directed developmental programme, and discusses it in relation to the sociocultural approach to learning. It considers the effects of the programme on the development of children's oral language and cooperativesocial skills in a Year 1 classroom. Survey information gathered by the teacher indicated that the language and social skills of the children increased over a 10 week period. The review of the discovery time programme also considered information through interviews with key participants, observations of the programme in action and review of the child participants' stories and pictures. This additional information indicated that discovery time provided a positive learning environment and enjoyable experiences for the children, teacher and school community. The article concludes with suggestions for further developments of the programmewithin the school.
case against the categorisation of children and youth.
Authors: Stanley Peter
Published: February 2022

This is the second of two papers providing a critique of categorisation and of the biomedical interpretation of personal adjustment issues experienced by children and youth. Whereas the first paper (Stanley, 2006; published in Kairaranga earlier this year) appraised this approach from an array of theoretical vantage points, this paper extends the critique by the author reporting on his professional practice experiences. The reporting on the work experiences is aligned with findings and theorising from the current literature.
Let me fly.
Authors: Keown Robin
Published: February 2022

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Interviewing disaffected students with "talking stones".
Authors: Wearmouth Janice
Published: February 2022

"Talking Stones" is an interview technique that is designed to support self advocacy, particularly for groups of disaffected school students whose views may be difficult to elicit. It hasbeen developed and refined to incorporate a view of learners as active agents in their own learning and is compatible with reflective practice and a social constructivist view of mind. The technique enables individuals to invest their own meaning in concrete objects which have no intrinsic meaning themselves apart from their own 'stone-ness". Stones do not make the same demands as lace to face conversations in terms of communication skills. They havetexture, size, shape and colour and enable students to articulate their feelings about themselves in relation to school in ways that may not previously have been open to them. The current paper illustrates how "Talking Stones" lends itself to practice in schools by laying bare problematicrelationships and opening up dialogue between, typically, teenagers and staff.
Schooling for happiness. Rethinking the aims of education.
Authors: Cavanagh Tom
Published: February 2022

The release of The New Zealand Curriculum causes us to rethink the aims of education. Dr Cavanagh offers an alternative set of aims to the vision outlined in the Ministry of Education document, which is based, at least in part, on socialisation into the corporate industrial world.Dr Cavanagh's position is focused on putting relationships at the centre of who and what we are as schools. He believes if we create a culture of care in schools, students will behappy and flourish. As a result, the two major domains of schooling will be joined together - student behaviour and teacher pedagogy. This emphasis will help students and teachers to build their capacity to solve problems non-violently by learning how to build healthy relationships and heal broken relationships.
Anticipated death in New Zealand school communities.
Authors: Broughton Katherin
Published: February 2022

Few resources seem to be available to support school communities that have a child whose death is anticipated. The present article draws on the experiences of school staff and special education employees who have been involved in New Zealand school communities where a child was terminally ill and died These experiences could help other school communities to provide optimal support and avoid pitfalls Schools could use this article to develop a plan tofit their own unique situation.
Ethical issues for an editorial board: Kairaranga.
Authors: Clark John
Published: February 2022

With academic journals, we think of the ethical aspects of the research contained in the articles rather than with the journal itself. However, journal editing has its own set of ethical concerns, which this article addresses. One is ensuring that the anonymity of institutions and participants, in research and the reporting of practice, is preserved. Another is to ensure a clear separation between "owner"  of the journal and the editorial judgement, so that editiorial independence is preserved. This defence of free speech is especially important when a journal, its editorial board and contributors, are variously associated with a government agency or Board of Trustees.
Comment on school happiness: Rethinking the aims of education.
Authors: Glynn Ted
Published: February 2022

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Who are the best teachers of Pasifika children.
Authors: Schuster Ezra
Published: February 2022

This paper discusses the complexities of engaging with Pasifika communities in Aotearoa New Zealand and examines the assumption that the best people to provide services to Pasifika children have to be Pasifika. The paper offers strategies on building the capability of non-Pasifika staff to work with Pasifika children and their families.
Monitoring dan Filtrasi Udara Dalam Ruangan Dengan Teknologi Plasma Berbasis IOT Dimasa New Normal
Authors: Sidik Muhamad , Ray’onaldo Christopherus
Published: February 2022

At the University office, a special area or room is provided for smoking, at Â University the smoking room or smoking area still uses air vents and fans to neutralize cigarette smoke. As a result, the smoke that is hit by the fan in the smoking room spreads out and disturbs the surrounding health or interferes with the activities of employees at University. This smoking area needs to be handled, namely making a tool that can filter cigarette smoke and monitor the condition or level of air quality in the room so that cigarette smoke does not spread out of the room and interfere with health. To help the filtration system in the smoking room, it is necessary to have an automatic system that is able to work when the cigarette smoke in the room is at a certain level. The sensors used to detect levels of CO (carbon monoxide), CO2 (carbon dioxide) in cigarette smoke are MQ-7 and MQ-135. How this tool works, if the cigarette smoke in the room reaches the gas threshold level in the room, the fan will suck into the filtration room after which it will be exhaled back into the smoking room and will notify the condition of the room on the LCD monitor display.
MEAN LEVEL OF PROTEIN C, PROTEIN S AND ANTITHROMBIN III IN PEDIATRIC NEPHROPATHIC SYNDROME
Authors: Imtiaz Rumana , Naveed Muhammad Asif , Fatima Javaria , Irum Saima , Yaseen Shazia , Rafi Sarah
Published: February 2022

The triad of clinical symptoms linked with proteinuria of nephrotic range, including hypoalbuminemia and edema, is known as nephrotic syndrome. When body excrete more than40 mg/m2/hr of protein or a first morning protein: creatinine ratio of more than 2-3: 1 then we call it proteinuria of nephrotic range.(1)It is estimated that the vast majority of children with nephrotic syndrome have some form of primary or idiopathic sickness, with minimal change disease being the most prevalent.Thromboembolic consequences are more common in people who have nephrotic syndrome. (2) This study tends to shed light if there is increase or decrease in level of protein C, S or antithrombin III in nephrotic syndrome. OBJECTIVE: To determine the mean level of protein C, protein S and AT Ill in children with nephrotic syndrome. SETTING: The research was conducted at Department of Haematology at Children Hospital Lahore. STUDY DESIGN: Cross sectional study. DURATION OF STUDY: The study was completed in six months from 25-08-2017 to 29-02-2018. DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURE: Patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were taken for Protein C, Protein S and Antithrombin III assays Collect blood 3ml (9 vol) in 0.109M (3.2%) anticoagulant (1 Vol) and Centrifuge. All centrifuge specimens were run in DIAGNOSTIC STAGO. Results: A total of 100 children with nephrotic syndrome were enrolled after fulfilling inclusion criteria. The mean age of the children was 6.26±2.72 month. 69(69%) were male children. Protein C level was 95.31±16.02, Protein S level 84.05±13.31 and antithrombin III level was 86.50±16.36. Conclusion: Protein C, S and Antithrombin III level were within normal range. Further studies are needed to delineate the exact pathogenesis behind thromboembolic phenomenon in nephrotic syndrome children.
Frequency of Cervical, Thoracic and Lumber Pain and Postural Changes in Madrassa Students
Authors: Masood Ramsha , Razi Fatima , Zafar Ibraheem , Shafiq Muhmaad Saad , Ahmad Naveed , Naz Iqra , Aslam Memona
Published: February 2022

Musculoskeletal pain and abnormal postural change is very common among school going students. The prevalence is also high in madrassa students. Their number increase because of bad posture, prolong sitting and repetitive movement. Objective: The objective of the study was to find the frequency of pain in cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine and postural abnormalities occurring in madrassa students. Methods: This is a descriptive cross sectional study which was conducted from 15th February 2016 to 28th June 2016 at different madrassa’s of Rawalpindi and Islamabad. This include: Madrassa Zia-ul-Quran, Shah Khalid Colony Rawalpindi, DarulSufah Faisal Colony Rawalpindi, Madrassa Hazrat Abdullah bin Abbas(R.A) Islamabad, Madrassa Hazrat Salman Pharsi(R.A) DhokMangtal, Rawalpindi, Madrassa Abdullah bin Umar (R.A) Jinnah Garden, Phase I, Islamabad, Madrassa KhadijahtulQubra, Khayaban-e-Sirsyed, Rawalpindi, JamyaAmna Zia ulBinat, Railway scheme 7, Rawalpindi. A sample of 205 male and female madrassa students (age 10-17year) was recruited through convenient sampling. The inclusion criteria was both gender, male & female, Age; 10-17, only madrassa students, exclusion criteria was, students above the age of 17 years, students under 10 year of age, children with poliomyelitis, active tuberculosis, neurological problems, congenital deformities Normal posture and pain was assessed by Adam’s bend test and Numeric pain rating scale (NRPS). Later the data was analyzed through SPSS 17. Result: A total sample size of 205 was selected in which 61% were male students and 39% were female students. The mean age of the madrassa students is 13.19±2.06 of which 12.98±2.00 male and 13.51±2.14.Out of 205(100%) madrassa students 74.6% madrassa students have pain, most of them have moderate intensity of pain 55.6% and 12.7% have severe intensity of pain and 25.4% madrassa students have no pain. 78.5% of the madrassa students were sitting with low level of desk and 21.5% with appropriate leveled height of the desk. Only 6.8% of madrassa students have activity restriction due to pain. Forward head posture is present in 37.1% of madrassa students and absent in 62.9% of the students out of 100%. 36.6% of madrassa students presents with rounded shoulders. Out of 100% of madrassa students 36.1% of madrassa students have increased thoracic kyphotic and lumber Lordotic curve.In 11.7% of the madrassa students Adams forward bending test for scoliosis came positive and negative in 88.3% of the madrassa students. Conclusion: It is concluded that the cervical and lumber pain is more prevalent in madrassa students and some of the students show increased kyphotic and lordotic curves which is correlated with long periods of sitting for recitation in forward flexion of head, neck, and back and poor posture maintenance.
VARIASI QIRA’AT DAN LATAR BELAKANG PERBEDAAN QIRA’AT
Authors: Aida Aida , Nur Faradila Aisya , Kartika Dewi Annisa
Published: February 2022

Qira'at is a way of reading the Qur'an in accordance with the teachings of the Prophet in a tauqify manner. while the science of Qira'at is the study of various methods (ways) of reading the Qur'an. Qira'at grouping with six reading versions, namely: Mutawatir, Masyhur, Ahad, Syadz, Maudlu ', Mudraj. Studying the science of qira'at can provide benefits and understanding for those who study it, including: being able to strengthen the legal provisions that have been agreed upon by the scholars, being able to judge the law that is disputed by the scholars, being able to combine two different provisions, being able to show two different legal provisions. different in 11 different conditions, and can provide an explanation of a word in the Qur'an that may be difficult to understand its meaning.
Milena B. Methodieva. Between Empire and Nation: Muslim Reform in the Balkans. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press, 2021. Pp. xii,.332 ISBN: 9781503613379.
Authors: GÖKATALAY Semih
Published: February 2022

Between Empire and Nation offers a systematic and critical history of Bulgarian Muslims following the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878. Based on a rich trove of archival material and other primary sources, this book focuses on the role of Muslim reformers in negotiating the identity and status of Muslim communities in Bulgaria. By avoiding a state-centered perspective, this study foregrounds the historical agency of Muslim reformers during the transition from the Ottoman Empire to the Bulgarian state.
Penanganan Tindak Pidana Pemilu ahun 2019 Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2017 Tentang Pemilihan Umum
Authors: Sudarmadi  , Sahal Abidin
Published: February 2022

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola penanganan perkara tindak pidana Pemilu Tahun 2019 di Kabupaten Sukoharjo; dan untuk mengetahui yang menjadi hambatan Bawaslu dalam penanganan tindak pidana Pemilu Tahun 2019 di Kabupaten Sukoharjo. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penanganan perkara tindak pidana Pemilihan Umum Tahun 2019 di daerah Kabupaten Sukoharjo sudah baik. Hal tersebut dapat dilihat dari temuan dan laporan dugaan pelanggaran tindak pidana Pemilihan Umum Tahun 2019 yang masuk ke Bawaslu Sukoharjo dapat terselesaikan. Pada tingkat upaya hukum untuk penanganan perkara tindak pidana pemilihan umum hanya sampai pada tahap banding sebagai upaya hukum terakhir. Pada Pemilu Tahun 2019, masih ditemukan adanya hambatan. Hambatan tersebut antara lain yaitu: pertama, keterbatasan waktu pola penanganan pelanggaran tindak pidana Pemilu yang terbatas menjadikan tenggang waktu penanganan terlalu sempit sehingga tidak seolah tergesa-gesa penanganannya. Kedua, Sarana prasarana Gakkumdu yang belum sesuai dengan kebutuhan di lapangan.
Determinants of hazard control practices among timber workers operating in port harcourt metropolis of Rivers State
Authors: Lazarus Wokne-Eze , F Dr. Amadi Precious
Published: February 2022

Safety practices is a global means of reducing accidents in the workplace. The purpose of this study was identify the determinants of hazards control pracitices among timber workers operating in Port Harcourt metropolis. Five objectives and four null hypotheses were for formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance for the study. Descriptive cross sectional design was adopted for this study to describe and analyse the data collected from timber workers. The population for the study estimated 1500 workers in Timber processing industries in Rivers State and the sample size of 400 was selected using multi-stage sampling procedure. Validated instrument was used to collect data for the study with reliability coefficient of 0.58 using Cronbach Alpha. The result of the study illustrated that there was a significant relationship between hazard control practices based on age (p<0.05), type of work (p<0.05), training (p<0.05), and level of education ((p<0.05). The study concluded that safety practices of occupational hazards was high but differs in age, type of work, training and level of education among others. In regards to this study, it was recommended that trade union and other relevant agencies should organize periodic workshops and training programmes on health and safety to cover proper information on workplace hazards among timber workers.
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM INFUS CERDAS
Authors: Hamzah Hamzah , Amir Ardi , Pirade Yulius S. , Masarrang Maryantho
Published: February 2022

The rapid development of the world of technology that covers almost all sides of life has encouraged innovation and human creation to make various tools with automatic work systems. Giving fluids using intravenous fluids is one way to enter fluids intravenously to meet the needs of fluids, electrolytes, drug administration, and feeding. The process of replacing intravenous fluids that has reached the minimum replacement limit must be carried out promptly and quickly, so that there will be no delay in changing intravenous fluids which will result in unstable pressure on the infusion set which will result in blood clots.

infusion set which will result in blood clots.In its testing, this tool can display information on the total number of intravenous fluid drops, and the condition of the remaining infusion fluid level on the LCD, as well as an additional display of the number of intravenous fluid drops per minute on theapplications client PC and / or smartphone. Adjusting the position of the mini servo of the infusion tap, can be adjusted when the appliance is not or not connected to the client. The sensor optocoupler used can also detect every drop of intravenous fluid. The reading of the sensor optocoupler used can experience an error by a difference of 100% if the dripping of the intravenous fluid is too slow. This is caused by the drip that is read twice by the sensor because one drop of intravenous fluid is read again after more than 50 milli second.
PLEDOI PAULUS ATAS KERASULANNYA
Authors: Rundjan Edi , Sirait Hikman , Kantohe Finky
Published: February 2022

Some of the purposes of writing this research are to understand Paul's intentions in Galatians 1 and 2 of his Apostolic Pleidio; To find answers to problems and questions about Paul and his Apostleship. Because this question has major implications for understanding the Bible and also today's life; So that God's servants can make this research as a reference to understand the importance of accountability for the service of each person, so that the call can be more interpreted. The research method used is a qualitative method with a synchronous approach and uses library study (library research). A clear basis of service will lead to more effective service, it is also acceptable not to bring those served in the wrong direction. Apostles Called, Chosen and Sent directly by Jesus. The researcher found that, Paul's first defense of his apostolic validity was the basis of his calling, election and sending which he received directly from Jesus Christ. In the same section regarding the discussion of Galatians 1:13-24, Paul's apostolate not only theoretically he said was something he received directly from Jesus Christ, but he also testified of his personal encounter with Jesus was the starting point for Paul's conversion and the beginning of the apostolate is given. Paul fulfills the same apostolic criteria as the other apostles. The research tries to give an understanding of the importance of the responsibility of every servant of God for the call of service received and do in the life of a servant of the Lord by turning to Paul who is responsible for his legal call to questions that are doubtful his apostolate.
MANDAT ILAHI DALAM PERAN SOSIAL BUDAYA BAGI PENGINJILAN DI THAILAND
Authors: Nugroho Andreas Eko , Chen Jessica E.
Published: February 2022

The current phenomenon is that many of the missionaries in Thailand are evangelizing without special training on Thai socio-culture and lacking in Biblical content, so they engage in ineffective evangelism, meaning they do not set up a relevant evangelistic strategy to evangelize the Thai people. The Research conducted that Author doing for this thesis is qualitative and exegetical studies of the Biblical text, and also doing some interview with some people who has a competent in their side. The Author recommends that missionaries who wish to do an evangelistic ministry in Thailand attend an evangelistic training and study more about Thai social culture including Thai languages, as well as deeper study of the Bible concerning at least one year, so that the service is done more leverage
PENERAPAN INTEGRASI ALKITAB: STUDI KASUS DI UNIVERSITAS PELITA HARAPAN
Authors: Winardi Daniel
Published: February 2022

The application of Biblical integration is the core of Christian education. Universitas Pelita Harapan is one of many universities that has a Conservatory of Music, in the Faculty of Art, and commits to implement Christian education in its learning process. This study was conducted in January-April 2016 to know: 1) How Biblical integration is designed in Faculty’s core curriculum; 2) In what level Biblical integration is applied in Faculty lectures nowadays; 3) What are the challenges and obstacles faced by the lecturers while/want to apply Biblical Integration. With qualitative approach, data was collected by using interview, questionairre, documents, and observation. The subjects of this study were 1 Vice Rector, 1 Dean, 1 Head Study, 10 full time lecturers, and 40 students. The research shows that: 1) Biblical integration has not been designed in Faculty curriculum, especially in SAP; 2) The application of Biblical integration has not been done comprehensively; 3) Not only lecturers experience some difficulties to integrate the subject with the Bible in SAP, but also not all students in the Faculty are Christians.
PANGGILAN UNTUK MEMUJI TUHAN BERDASARKAN MAZMUR 103 DAN IMPLIKASINYA BAGI ORANG PERCAYA MASA KINI
Authors: Christian Lawrence
Published: February 2022

Many people when they have problems only focus on the problem and cannot feel God's goodness. No matter how hard the problem, you can still feel God's goodness. May this kindness be a reason to praise God when experiencing problems. The research objective is to find reasons for praising God according to Psalm 103. This research uses descriptive-inductive methods. The result of this research is the nature of Allah who is gracious and compassionate, long patient and also a lot of kindness. Researchers conclude that whatever happens in the life of a believer he must still praise God.