bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Stage Of Turkism In Russian Language
Authors: Abdumanapovna Musadjanova Gulchekhra
Published: September 2020

In this article, we consider the borrowing and spreading of Turkism in Russian language. The authors focus on the reflection of the Turkisms in the Russian language. During the analysis, phonetic, morphological, lexical aspects of Turkism we revealed. The article focuses on the place of Turkism in Russian poetry. The authors come to the conclusion that the study of the Turkisms in Russian is necessary for a more objective understanding of the development and enrichment trends of a particular language.
Ein „haymatloser“ Übersetzer in der Türkei: Cornelius Bischoff
Authors: ARSLAN KARABULUT Müge
Published: September 2020

Die Übersetzung, insbesondere die literarische, ist vor allem eine Art Kulturübertragung. Neben der Beherrschung der Sprachen setzt sie die Kenntnis des Allgemeinen und Besonderen des Landes wie Kultur, Tradition, Glauben, geschichtliche und gesellschaftliche Begebenheiten und auch soziale Strukturen voraus. Wenn die Sprachen und Kulturen tiefgreifend wahrgenommen werden, können die übersetzten Texte die Adressaten erreichen, d.h., dass die Ausgangssprache und -kultur für die Zielrezipienten verständlich sein können. So wird der Übersetzer als Kulturträger angenommen. Cornelius Bischoff ist beispielsweise ein wohlbekannter Name für den deutschen und türkischen Literaturkreis. Er ist vor allem bekannt als „der deutscheste Türke und der türkischste Deutsche“ sowie als eine Brücke zwischen Deutschland und der Türkei.

Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, Cornelius Bischoff, einen Kulturträger zwischen der deutschen und türkischen Übersetzung, zu behandeln. Als ein „Haymatloser“ fand er in der Türkei die Möglichkeit, die türkische Sprache und Kultur wesentlich kennenzulernen und viele türkische Werke ins Deutsche zu übersetzen. Als ein Übersetzer trug er zuallererst dazu bei, die türkische Literatur, die bedeutenden türkischen Schriftsteller, die türkische Kultur und Tradition sowie den türkischen Sprachgebrauch in Deutschland bekannt zu machen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird die Besonderheit Bischoffs in der Übersetzungswelt im Hinblick auf drei Aspekte diskutiert: zuerst im Hinblick auf den Zusammenhang seiner Wurzeln in der Türkei und im Türkischen -schon in seinen Wurzeln, besonders mütterlicherseits, wurde das Türkische verinnerlicht-, dann auf die in der Türkei verbrachten Jahre -die Jahre, in denen er „haymatlos“ genannt wurde- und zuletzt auf die Wahrnehmung und Aneignung der türkischen Sprache, Kultur und Gesellschaft – was auf ihn lebenslang einwirkte-. In diesem Kontext wird versucht, sein Leben, seine Werke und seine Wirkung im Rahmen der übersetzerischen Tätigkeit zu analysieren.
PEMBANGUNAN EKONOMI DALAM PERSPEKTIF ISLAM
Authors: Sucipto Moch. Cahyo
Published: September 2020

Islam lebih mengedepankan pola-pola agama yang memandang sebuah kemaslahatan dalam dua dimensi yaitu dunia dan akhirat kelak. Perbedaan ekonomi Islam dengan ekonomi konvensional terletak pada filosofi ekonomi, bukan pada ilmu ekonominya. Filosofi ekonomi memberikan ruh pemikiran dengan nilai-nilai Islam dan batasan-batasan syariah. Sedangkan ilmu ekonomi berisi alat-alat analisa ekonomi yang dapat digunakan. Bahwa ekonomi Islam adalah sebuah ajaran atau doktrine dan bukannya ilmu murni (science), karena apa yang terkandung dalam ekonomi Islam bertujuan memberikan sebuah solusi hidup yang paling baik. Sedangkan ilmu ekonomi hanya akan mengantarkan kita kepada pemahaman bagaimana kegiatan ekonomi berjalan. Ekonomi Islam sebagai sistem ekonomi yang baru diterapkan di dunia perbankan khususnya di negara Indonesia terdapat management syariah (ekonomi Islam) yang kurang professional.
Kontribusi Hukum Islam dalan Proses Taqnin Undang-Undang Nomor 10 Tahun 1998 Tentang Perbankan
Authors: Damiri Ahmad
Published: September 2020

Setelah dilegislasikan UU No. 10 Tahun 1998 tentang Perbankan, kemajuan lembaga perbankan syari’ah di Indonesia relatif berkembang pesat, karena kendala-kendala institusional maupun yuridis telah diatasi. Menurut hemat penulis, prinsip bagi hasil (profit and loss-sharing) sejenis mudharabah sangat cocok diterapkan pada sektor riil dan pengembangan usaha kerakyatan, karena sebenarnya sudah sangat seusai dengan pola yang diharapkan mampu me-back up industri besar yang kini mengalami tingkat persaingan yang sangat kompetitif.Bagi hasil mudharabah di bank syariah bisa dioptimalisasikan melalui berbagai langkah, antara lain adalah kesinambungan dan transparansi informasi terhadap usaha yang akan dijalankan. Informasi usaha dan pasar adalah sesuatu yang sangat penting dan berharga dalam setiap usaha. Oleh karena itu langkah ini bisa dimaksimalkan melalui database yang aktual, rinci, dan faktual, sambil terus mencari dan menemukan format usaha yang sesuai dengan iklim usaha tersebut.Langkah lainnya adalah dengan pengembangan industri-industri kecil yang dibina langsung oleh bank syariah. Industri ini benar-benar milik rakyat, prospektif, dan dikelola dengan amanah. Industrialisasi adalah salah satu kunci penting bagi negara kita untuk dapat survive di saat krisis seperti ini, dan melatih bangsa kita menjadi bangsa yang mandiri.Langkah terakhir yang perlu segera ditindaklakjuti adalah membuat aturan dan regulasi yang tepat, terstandarisasi dan sesuai dengan prinsip syariah. Umat Islam sangat berharap legalisasi produk bank syariah bisa dipertimbangkan oleh DPR dan pemerintah untuk menjadi hukum yang positif. Aturan ini nantinya menjadi payung yang sah terhadap gerak-gerik pelaksanaan pembiayaan mudharabah terhadap industri-industri kecil.Mudah-mudahan semakin banyak pihak yang memahami pentingnya prinsip bagi hasil (profit and loss-sharing) dalam memainkan peranannya pada setiap pembiayaan usaha di Bank Syariah. Jika ini berhasil dilakukan, maka sektor riil dapat berkembang pesat dan negara kita akan memiliki industri usaha yang kuat. Pada akhirnya, ini diharapkan dapat mengatasi berbagai permasalahan ekonomi yang kini melanda di negara kita, karena sesungguhnya prinsip bagi hasil (profit and loss-sharing) adalah pola yang tepat dalam pengembangan sektor riil di negara kita.
Member Participation And Managerial Capabilities Of Managers Implication On The Development Of Sharia-Based Cooperative Business
Authors: Rahmawati Harkit
Published: September 2020

The number of cooperative corporations that experienced business failure, in 2014 as many as 72,230 cooperatives or about 35% of the total 260 thousand cooperatives went bankrupt. A different phenomenon emerged in Sharia-based financial institutions, since it was first introduced in 1990, there are only a few dozen units, and at present the number in Indonesia is over 5,500. According to Ropke 'the success of a Cooperative is influenced by internal factors (Managers (Managers and managers), Service, Member Participation, and Capital) and external factors (Business climate (competition) and Government policy and technological developments). This research is conducted to know the extent of implication or influence of member participation and managerial capability of management toward syariah based business development.  The method are used is descriptive analytic with Quantitative approach, The type of data in this study is the primary data sourced from the Board and Members of Sharia cooperatives in Purwakarta district. Data collection techniques conducted are interviews to administrators and observation data cooperatives development in terms of Capital, the number of Members, turnover, the rest of the business results (earnings) from the year 2010-2016. The results showed that member participation has a positive effect on the development of Sharia-based cooperatives with a significance level of 74.6%, While Managerial Ability has positive effect to Cooperative development equal to 56,3%. Simultaneously Member participation, and managerial ability have positive effect on Cooperative development equal to 57,67%.
ACTIVIDAD INHIBITORIA in vitro DE LOS EXTRACTOS ACUOSOS DE LOS FRUTOS DE Hylocereus megalanthus Y Passiflora tripartita var. mollisima SOBRE LAS ENZIMAS α-AMILASA Y α-GLUCOSIDASA
Authors: Coral Caycho Erick Raúl , Calixto Cotos María Rosario , Soberón Lozano María Mercedes
Published: September 2020

La pitahaya amarilla (Hylocereus megalanthus) y el tumbo serrano (Passiflora tripartita var. mollisima) son frutos cultivados en Perú. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la propiedad hipoglicemiante de estos frutos mediante la inhibición in vitro de las enzimas α-amilasa y α-glucosidasa. Los frutos fueron despulpados y liofilizados, y luego de preparar los respectivos extractos acuosos, se determinó el contenido de polifenoles totales (TPC) mediante el método de Folin-Ciocalteu. La actividad inhibitoria se determinó mediante el IC50 y se evaluó el tipo de inhibición utilizando 0,25-2 mg/mL y 0,02-0,28 mg/mL del extracto del tumbo serrano sobre la α-amilasa y α-glucosidasa, respectivamente. Para la pitahaya se empleó 4-64 mg/ml y 0,8-25,6 mg/mL sobre la α-amilasa y α-glucosidasa, respectivamente. Los TPC para el tumbo serrano y pitahaya amarilla fueron de 614,67 y 16,17 mg/100 g de muestra, respectivamente, expresados en equivalente de ácido gálico. El extracto acuoso de tumbo serrano inhibió a las enzimas α-amilasa y α-glucosidasa (tipo no competitiva mixta) con un IC50 de 1719,18 y 77,68 μg/Ml, respectivamente, mientras que la pitahaya amarilla solo inhibió a la enzima α-glucosidasa con un IC50 de 8692,4 μg/mL (tipo competitiva).
ESTUDIO DE LA COAGULACIÓN DE PARTÍCULAS COLOIDALES DE AgI POR INFLUENCIA DE QUITOSANO CON SULFATO DE ALUMINIO
Authors: Allcca Chullca Miguel , Tapia Huananbal Nelson , Villanueva Huerta Claudia , Guzmán Lezama Enrique , Muñoz Huillcas Patricio , Ale Borja Neptalí , Maldonado García Holger
Published: September 2020

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar las condiciones óptimas de la coagulación de partículas suspendidas de yoduro de plata de carga negativa por la acción de soluciones de quitosano, sulfato de aluminio, así como la acción mixta de ambos coagulantes. La suspensión de partículas coloidales de AgI se obtuvo mediante la mezcla de soluciones diluidas de KI y AgNO3 en exceso de KI. En todos los experimentos el volumen del sistema coloidal fue de 600 mL y pH= 6. Los parámetros óptimos del proceso de coagulación se determinó a base del método de Test de Jarras. Para la solución de quitosano los parámetros óptimos fueron: concentración 0,01 %, pH=4,5 y un volumen de 25 mL; para el sulfato de aluminio: concentración 30 ppm, pH=4,0 y un volumen 25 mL. En el caso de la acción mixta de ambos coagulantes los parámetros óptimos fueron 5 mL de una solución al 30 ppm de sulfato de aluminio a pH 4,0 y 20 mL de una solución de quitosano al 0,01 % a pH=4,5 . A base de estos parámetros, se estudió la cinética del proceso de coagulación de la suspensión de AgI mediante el método de turbidimetría y se determinó que el proceso de coagulación fue rápido y culminó aproximadamente a los 3 minutos de haber empezado el proceso.
EVALUACIÓN DEL NIVEL CONTAMINANTE DE OCRATOXINA A (OTA) MEDIANTE COLUMNAS DE INMUNOAFINIDAD Y CROMATOGRAFÍA LÍQUIDA DE ALTA EFICIENCIA EN Coffea arabica L. “CAFÉ”
Authors: Milla Flores Félix Hugo , Castro Luna Américo
Published: September 2020

El estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar el nivel contaminante de la ocratoxina A (OTA) en Coffea arabica L. “café”, de tipo tostado, purificado mediante columnas de inmunoafinidad y cuantificado por Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Eficiencia (HPLC). La OTA es una micotoxina nefrotóxica-cancerígena capaz de causar efectos adversos sobre la salud humana y animal. Se encuentra en muchos alimentos procesados y no procesados, entre ellos el café, que es un alimento de elevado consumo. La recolección de muestras de café tostado se realizó en la zona cafetalera de Chanchamayo, departamento de Junín-Perú. La separación y purificación de la ocratoxina A se realizó en columnas de inmunoafinidad NeoColumn, posteriormente su cuantificación se realizó por HPLC con detector de fluorescencia a una longitud de onda de excitación de 333 nm y longitud de onda de emisión de 460 nm. Finalmente, se realizaron pruebas de recuperación a un nivel contaminante de 5 ppb. Los resultados obtenidos en las muestras de café tostado presentan un contenido de 0,216 y 0,444 ppb de OTA los cuales no superan los límites permitidos por la legislación internacional. El porcentaje de recuperación al nivel de 5 ppb fue de 76,231 %. El estudio remarca la importancia de la trazabilidad en un producto de consumo frecuente a nivel nacional e internacional con la finalidad de garantizar su inocuidad.
Legal Taboos
Authors: Čyras Vytautas , Lachmayer Friedrich
Published: September 2020

The authors formalise a taboo as a prohibition on speaking (informing). Three levels of norms are distinguished. First are basic prohibitions, Forbidden X, i.e. norms which prohibit basic actions, Norm(¬X). Second-level norms comprise primary taboos which prohibit information about facts or fakes, Norm(¬Inf(X)), but permit them to happen. Third-level norms comprise meta-taboos, which prohibit information that a primary taboo exists, Norm(¬Inf(Norm(¬Inf(X)))). A taboo on the essential causes A of an effect E can be officially camouflaged with a fake relationship between certain facts B and E.
Evaluation of Some Biochemical Properties of the Juice of Two Varieties of Sweet Potato Grown in the North of Côte d’Ivoire During a Fermentation Process
Authors: Aboya MOROH Jean-Luc , Philomène KOKORA Aya , Detto KARAMOKO , Moustapha KAMATE , Kiyinma UATTARA , Parfait YAO Ange Olivier , Adama COULIBALY
Published: September 2020

Like cassava flour for making “attiéké” (cassava semolina), the sweet potato tuber, after grinding followed by pressing, produces flour and juice. The present work aims to enhance this juice from the sweet potato by a fermentation which leads to an alcoholic drink. The process consists of five steps including juice extraction, gelation, enzymatic hydrolysis by millet malt, pasteurization and fermentation. We have followed the evolution of some chemical and biochemical parameter at each step of the process. The results indicate that enzymatic hydrolysis with millet malt increases the reducing sugar level by 10 times which was 0.074 g/ml ± 0.013 and 0.041 mg/ml ± 0.011 respectively for white-fleshed sweet potato and yellow flesh after extraction. However, the process drops the vitamin C level from 0.1 mg / ml ± 0.013 of white-fleshed potato juice and 0.05 mg / ml ± 0.002 of yellow-fleshed potato juice to 6.6 10-3 mg/ml ± 1.9.10-3 and 5.9.10-3 mg / ml ± 0.8.10-3 in the same order. The optimal production of alcohol during fermentation is obtained with a concentration of 40 mg / L of yeast to reach an alcohol level of 5.56% ± 0.1 and 4.60% ± 0.1 respectively for the potatoes. sweet with yellow flesh and white flesh after 6 hours.
Managing Audio Monitoring Data with SIMON – Concept for Data Administration, Online Repository and Dissemination
Authors: Köhler Christian
Published: September 2020

Automated observations of natural occurrences play a key role in monitoring biodiversity worldwide. With the development of affordable hardware like the AudioMoth (Hill et al. 2019) acoustic logger, large scale and long-term monitoring has come within reach. However, data management and dissemination of monitoring data remain challenging, as the development of software and the infrastructure for the management of monitoring data lag behind. We want to fill this gap, providing a complete audio monitoring solution from affordable audio monitoring hardware, custom data management tools and storage infrastructure based on open source hard- and software, biodiversity information standards and integrable interfaces.

The Scientific Monitoring Data Management and Online Repository (SIMON) consists of a portable data collector and a connected online repository. The data collector, a device for the automated extraction of the audio data from the audio loggers in the field, stores the data and metadata in an internal cache. Once connected to the internet via WiFi or a cable connection, the data are automatically uploaded to an online repository for automated analysis, annotation, data management and dissemination.

To prevent SIMON from becoming yet another proprietary storage, the FAIR principles (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Re-usable) Wilkinson et al. (2016) are at the very core of data managed in the online repository. We plan to offer an API (application programming interface) to disseminate data to established data infrastructures. A second API will allow the use of external services for data enrichment. While in the planning phase, we would like to take the opportunity to discuss with domain experts the requirements and implementation of different standards—namely ABCD (Access to Biological Collections Data task group, Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG) 2007), Darwin Core (Darwin Core Task Group, Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG) 2009) and Darwin Core Archive (Remsen et al. 2017)—connecting to external services and targeting data infrastructures.
Using the Darwin Core Standard for Estimated Records
Authors: Body Guillaume
Published: September 2020

The Darwin Core Standard is a widely shared data standard within the ecological community. Despite recent developments on sampling events and abiotic records (De Pooter 2017), the Darwin Core only allows recording raw data, while public policies and biodiversity evaluations often need synthetic, estimated data. To be reliable, those estimation records, such as population size, population density, community diversity, and primary production, need to display statistical characteristics, such as standard error. Within the Enetwild consortium (https://enetwild.com/), financed by the European Food and Safety Authority (EFSA), we face this issue while aggregating data across European countries on wildlife surveys: occurrences, abundances and hunting bags. We therefore propose a revision to the Darwin Core Standard, taking advantage of the recent development corresponding to the Event core of the European Biodiversity Observatory Network and the extended measurement or fact of the Ocean Biogeographic Information System (De Pooter 2017). The proposed nested extended measurement or fact extension allows the recording of estimated densities with their confidence intervals or other precision measurements. It allows a measurement (the confidence interval, the variance) to be nested within another measurement value (e.g., the point estimation). We also provide metadata to record the useful statistical procedure information to best evaluate and use these data. We believe this development will be useful for all institutions aggregating results, especially the international Essential Biodiversity Variables community, allowing them to aggregate results data along with raw data.

The full technical report is published on EFSA website (Enetwild consortium et al. 2020).
Laboratory Study of Color Stability of Different Types of Materials for Temporary Constructions
Authors: Doshev Atanas V. , Slavchev Diyan , Doshev Vasko
Published: September 2020

Introduction: A temporary construction serves as a preliminary representation of the type and appearance of a future permanent one that is tailored to the patient’s requirements. Like any prosthetic construction, it should meet the functional requirements, preserve or improve chewing and speech function. No matter how well maintained a prophylactic and functional prosthetic structure is, it will not be evaluated by the patient unless it retains and restores the existing shape, size and color of the natural teeth.

Aim: To determine instrumentally to what extent different colorants change the color of temporary constructions.

Materials and methods: Two materials for temporary restoration were tested – Protemp II and Protemp IV, of which a total of 100 test specimens, were fabricated. Under the equal storage conditions of room temperature and no direct access to sunlight, they were exposed to five 100-ml staining solutions: Coca-Cola, coffee (espresso), berry tea, orange juice and red wine in five separate containers. Measurements of color changes in the three areas of the tooth were performed using two spectrophotometric devices – Vita EasyShade and SpectroShade, at different time intervals – immediately before placement in the staining solution, at 1, 4, 7, and 14 days.

Results: The results were analysed using the SPSS Statistical Processing Program (SPSS Inc., IBM SPSS Statistics) version 21.0. They were converted to a text file with the converter of the same program. In hypothesis testing, a standard value of p ≤ 0.05 was chosen for the level of significance that rejects the null hypothesis.

Conclusion: Based on this study, the strong colouring effect of coffee and red wine on these restorations was demonstrated. We can conclude that Protemp IV material showed better color stability compared to Protemp II.
On the nonstandard numerical discretization of SIR epidemic model with a saturated incidence rate and vaccination
Authors: Suryanto Agus , Darti Isnani
Published: September 2020

Recently, Hoang and Egbelowo (Boletin de la Sociedad Matemàtica Mexicana, 2020) proposed a nonstandard finite difference scheme (NSFD) to get a discrete SIR epidemic model with saturated incidence rate and constant vaccination. The discrete model was derived by discretizing the right-hand sides of the system locally and the first order derivative is approximated by the generalized forward difference method but with a restrictive denominator function. Their analysis showed that the NSFD scheme is dynamically-consistent only for relatively small time-step sizes. In this paper, we propose and analyze an alternative NSFD scheme by applying nonlocal approximation and choosing the denominator function such that the proposed scheme preserves the boundedness of solutions. It is verified that the proposed discrete model is dynamically-consistent with the corresponding continuous model for all time-step size. The analytical results have been confirmed by some numerical simulations. We also show numerically that the proposed NSFD scheme is superior to the Euler method and the NSFD method proposed by Hoang and Egbelowo (2020).
Coesistenza/convivenza tra ebrei e cristiani ispanici
Authors: Romano David
Published: September 2020

Se intenta debatir y aclarar el dilema entre «coexistencia» y «convivencia», dos palabras que, contra lo que se dice y cree, no son sinónimas. Se defiende la tesis de que entre cristianos e hispanojudíos hubo coexistencia pero no convivencia (y menos si se piensa en el francés «cohabitation» ), visto desde el punto de vista de la terna filosofía, teoría y, sobre todo, realidad; pensando siempre en el respeto, tolerancia y marginación de una minoría por parte de una mayoría dominante.
Toucher au plus vivant. Poétique et politique de l’amour dans Je cherche l’Italie de Yannick Haenel
Authors: Lahouste Corentin
Published: September 2020

À travers une lecture du roman Je cherche l’Italie (2015) de Yannick Haenel, est soulignée la manière toute singulière suivant laquelle la littérature (le poétique) permet d’étendre la compréhension que l’on se fait habituellement du politique, la plupart du temps réduit à une lutte pour la conquête d’un pouvoir de l’État ou dans l’État, à l’organisation des pouvoirs ou à un art/exercice de gouverner. Il s’agit ainsi de mettre en lumière la façon dont l’écrivain français, par son récit, fait de l’amour, qui a été peu à peu relégué au simple cercle intime, le cœur d’une possible reconfiguration du politique au sein de la société occidentale contemporaine en crise(s) ; comment Haenel établit l’amour comme un principe politique solide et déterminant pouvant venir revitaliser voire restructurer anarchiquement le vivre ensemble.
Esthétique de la politique ou politique de l’esthétique ? Jouer Rancière contre lui-même
Authors: Jaudon Raphaël
Published: September 2020

Cet article aimerait s’interroger sur la division établie par Jacques Rancière entre l’« esthétique de la politique » et la « politique de l’esthétique ». Deux processus que le philosophe tient à maintenir distincts, et qui font exister un écart entre sa philosophie politique et sa philosophie de l’art. Je montrerai en particulier que les termes « politique » et « esthétique » n’ont pas le même sens selon l’expression dans laquelle ils sont utilisés, de sorte que, malgré l’apparente réversibilité des formules, « esthétique de la politique » et « politique de l’esthétique » désignent des projets philosophiquement et idéologiquement opposés.
Objectives and Learning Outcomes
Authors: Toraman Cetin
Published: September 2020

Why do we educate students? Education is a set of planned, scheduled, and specific activities. An entrance is made at the beginning of the chapter in order to ensure that the readers perceive that the education is carried out for certain goals. How do the goals in education come to be expressed? They are formulated as aims, goals, objectives. When planning the education, it is seen that the objectives are expressed under different concepts. These can be expressed as aims, goals, and learning objectives. In order to prevent the reader from getting lost in these different goal expressions, these types of goals should be explained in a comparative way. How are objectives classified? Is it more functional to try to take and use them directly after the objectives have been expressed, or should we classify the objectives around certain criterion? Which option gives us more leads? In this chapter, classifications made by Bloom, Anderson, and Krathwohl, and other taxonomies will be mentioned. What should be considered when expressing objectives?
Assessment of Learning Outcomes
Authors: Koşan Ayşen Melek Aytuğ
Published: September 2020

Why do we use assessment? What happens if we don't assess? What does assessment mean for education, decision makers, stakeholders, teachers, and students? How do objectives and learning outcomes guide evaluation? Objectives and learning outcomes are classified by taxonomies by Bloom, Anderson, and Krathwohl. Do these taxonomies also guide the assessment? How does it work? How to measure learning outcomes in the cognitive domain? What are the assessment tools and evaluation methods that are effective in assessment high level cognitive skills? What measuring tools can be used to measure the affective domain? What are the methods of effective measurement in the psychomotor field? How are skills measured? What should be considered in the measurement of objectives and learning outcomes? How can educators benefit from classical and alternative measurement methods? What are the benefits of using multiple assessment? What are the effects of focusing on what learners can do, not how much they cannot do? This chapter explores the assessment of learning outcomes.
OBE Assessment Tools for Mapping Learning Outcomes Identifying Slow Learners
Authors: Rahaman Valiur , Singh Barkha , Salunkhe Manikrao Madhavrao
Published: September 2020

The chapter sets out to explore the “congruent approach” to the student-centric educational model called output-based education (OBE), and in the framework of this approach to teaching, learning, and evaluation, the authors experimented how teaching the English language help slow learners pursuing courses in science and technology to attain programme education outcomes. In the chapter, the authors defined OBE as NBA requirement related to teaching and learning in the institute of science and technology; its practices according to its defined constituents like ILOs, COs, POs, PEOs, PSOs, and Missions of an institute; and how these outcome-based education (OBE) learning constituents work together towards a fixed direction (i.e., intended learning outcomes, being integral to the requirements of the NBA accreditation that demands holistic and quality technical education). To achieve the intended outputs through OBE practices, the authors devise an approach to the OBE called “congruent approach.” The chapter supplements to existing mapping tools and delineates fundamentals of the approach.
Factors Influencing Nascent Entrepreneurship Across Countries
Authors: Natário Maria Manuela Santos
Published: September 2020

Nascent entrepreneurship is one phase of entrepreneurial activity that covers the first months in creating new ventures after the identification of business opportunities. On the other hand, the 4.0 revolution has created new opportunities but also disruption and polarization within and between economies and societies. Thus, this chapter reflects upon factors that influence nascent entrepreneurship across countries in an evolutionary approach, considering the previous findings and the influence of Fourth Industrial Revolution. The aim is to verify the conditions associated to nascent entrepreneurship using different perspectives of analysis. Correlation analysis is applied using various explanatory variables derived from different approaches. Clusters analysis is applied to verify how different countries are positioned in terms of nascent entrepreneurship. Scheffe's test of mean differences distinguishes the unique characteristics of each cluster and assesses the principal determinants of the nascent entrepreneurship capacity.
Sustainability of Biodegradable Polymers for the Environment
Authors: Saini Pinki , Singh Anchal , Ahmed Mazia , Iqbal Unaiza , Srivastava Urvashi
Published: September 2020

With the ever-increasing population, there is exploitation of our environment to meet the growing needs of the inhabitants. Along with pollution, climate change, global warming, etc., one of the major problems associated with overpopulation is the generation of a large amount of non-biodegradable solid wastes along with various other industrial effluents. Plastic, being inexpensive and durable, have found their way to be produced in large amounts for almost every purpose. This results in the accumulation of plastic products around the world causing plastic pollution. During the past few centuries, the idea of “green chemistry” has gained maximum attention, and therefore, efforts have been made by the researchers to reduce pollution with the help of some environmentally friendly solution. In this concern, bioplastics and biofilms have gained remarkable attention over the last two decades. The major advantages of bioplastics are their biodegradability and the reduced emission of carbon dioxide in their synthesis.
Sustainable Urban Agro Ecology and Its Implications With Food Systems
Authors: Vargas-Hernández José G.
Published: September 2020

This chapter has the aim to analyze the implications and interrelationships between a sustainable urban agro ecology and the food system. The beginning assumption of this analytical review considers that sustainable urban agro ecology has positive implications in the development of a sustainable urban food system. The analysis is based on the theoretical and empirical literature review confronted with common spatial-functional observations of urban development and configurations. The analysis concludes that the sustainable urban food system based on agro ecology is growing as an alternative movement towards the building and maintenance of a fairer and healthier urban sustainable environmental development.
Key Performance Indicator Dashboards
Authors: Palese Kelly , McKay Monte
Published: September 2020

Growing enrollments in online learning have dramatically increased the number of remote, adjunct faculty teaching online. This is a challenge for universities to create scalable strategies to develop, evaluate, and support faculty in the online classroom. While robust qualitative and quantitative faculty performance metrics exist, faculty analytic data is typically difficult to retrieve and even more difficult to efficiently analyze. This chapter overviews the value of key performance indicator dashboards (KPI) that can help automate the collection and use of faculty analytic data to enhance faculty development and, ultimately, foster positive student learning experiences.
Assessing Institutional Support for Remote Adjunct Faculty Teaching Online
Authors: Mandernach B. Jean , Donnelli-Salle Emily , Dailey-Hebert Amber
Published: September 2020

Creating an inclusive culture for remote adjunct faculty teaching online involves a holistic shift to embrace contingent faculty as integral, value-added members of the institution. The first step in this shift mandates a realistic appraisal of the current “remote adjunct friendliness” status of the institution. The Institutional Inclusive Practice Appraisal: Remote Adjunct Faculty offers an actionable self-assessment to examine policies, procedures, communication, engagement opportunities and professional growth that may impact the working environment for remote adjunct faculty teaching online.
Improving Learning in Virtual Learning Environments Using Affective Pedagogical Agent
Authors: Alencar Márcio Aurélio dos Santos , Netto José Francisco de Magalhães
Published: September 2020

Emotions are part of human life, and they are present on several occasions, like decision making and in social interactions. Computational identification of emotions in texts can be useful in many applications, especially in distance learning courses. This research introduces an animated pedagogic agent, integrated to a Moodle virtual learning environment, with the objective of assisting the tutor in accompanying students, helping the students to acquire knowledge, identifying their emotions, and motivating the student to participate in activities and discussions. As a way of assessing students' emotional state, an experiment was conducted using real data from a completed course, involving students. The results obtained are promising, evidencing the importance of knowing the emotional state of the students, contributing to the learning process.
An Online Multi-User Real-Time Seamless Co-Reading System for Collaborative Group Learning
Authors: Chang Chih-Tsan , Tsai Cheng-Yu , Tsai Hung-Hsu , Li Yuen-Ju , Yu Pao-Ta
Published: September 2020

This paper proposes an online multi-user real-time co-reading (OMURCOR) system to promote the performance of co-reading with collaborative learning. The OMURCOR system utilizes WebSocket to perform synchronization controls on co-reading to allow teachers and students to watch streaming videos together with less delay. Moreover, teachers utilize the system to synchronize control operations of videos on the student site, and the OMURCOR system can be integrated into a learning management system to strengthen students' interaction through co-reading. Unlike traditional platforms, the system supports grouping mechanisms during instruction. A survey was conducted with 104 participants. The bootstrapping square and partial least square approaches of the structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) are employed via the SmartPLS tool to explore evidence of reliability and validity of the revised TAM. Experimental results reflected that six of the seven hypotheses were supported, and the proposed system has a significant impact on students' learning effectiveness during co-reading.
The Roles of Device Ownership and Infrastructure in Promoting E-Learning and M-Learning in Indonesia
Authors: Pratama Ahmad R. , Scarlatos Lori L.
Published: September 2020

In developing countries, where most people have cell phones (even when they don't have reliable electricity or internet service), e-learning and m-learning offer great opportunities for educating a vast populace, particularly in rural communities. This article presents an analysis of primary data from over one thousand secondary school students in Indonesia, the fourth most populated nation in the world, to determine how they are using e-learning and m-learning and how device ownership influences that. The findings from the logistic regression models show that mobile devices are more important than traditional PCs in promoting e-learning, while tablets are better than smartphones for promoting m-learning. Having access to free wi-fi is equally important. Students who prefer m-learning on mobile devices over traditional e-learning activities on PCs tend to be more active and collaborative learners. These findings can help inform policy makers in improving the educational attainment in Indonesia and other developing countries.
End-of-Life Decision-Making for Severely Ill Newborns
Authors: Chatziioannidis Ilias , Gkiougki Evangelia , Pouliakis Abraham , Iliodromiti Zoi , Sokou Rozeta , Vidalis Takis , Boutsikou Theodora , Xanthos Theodoros , Iacovidou Nicoletta
Published: September 2020

Advances in neonatology enabled significant improvements in neonatal survival, often at the expense of long-term morbidity. End-of-life decisions concern neonatal patients with fatal congenital anomalies, severe neurological deficits, and extreme prematurity at the limits of viability, presenting a complex issue for both healthcare professionals and parents. Since newborns cannot express their wishes or claim their rights, physicians and parents carry the responsibility to decide in their best interests, considering their future quality of life. Harmonization of scientific progress and legislation defining clear rules is necessary so neonatologists can proceed to such agonizing decisions. Greece lacks both specific legislation regarding such decisions and medical training on handling respective ethical dilemmas. Thus, guidelines improving such decisions are closely related to the quality of the healthcare system and should be established along with the legal system's adaptation.
A Real-World Exploration of Green Human Resources and Sustainability Education in Hyper-Connected and Technology-Driven Organizations
Authors: Burrell Darrell Norman , French Roderick , Lindsay Preston Vernard Leicester , Ayodeji-Ogundiran Amina I. , Hobbs Harry L.
Published: September 2020

The early concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR), also frequently described as corporate citizenship or sustainability, grew from the seminal 1987 Brundtland Report, commissioned by the United Nations. CSR has progressed to the standpoint that in organizations necessitates the synchronized fulfillment of the firm's economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic responsibilities in ways that focus strategy, operations, and behaviors towards the promotion of sustainability from a construct where organizational strategy is concerned with the care of the planet, people, and profit. This paper explores the role of green human resources interventions focused on creating organizational cultures that support sustainability in technical and hyper-connected organizations. The paper is not intended to reconstitute theory. The paper is highly theoretical and practical with the intention of influencing the world practice from practical real-world problem approaches and theories from the literature.
Spontaneous pneumomediastinum in COVID-19 pneumonia
Authors: Loffi Marco , Regazzoni Valentina , Sergio Pietro , Martinelli Enrico , Stifani Italo , Quinzani Filippo , Robba Debora , Cotugno Annunziata , Dede Meghi , Danzi Gian Battista
Published: September 2020

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is a benign entity but can worsen the underlying condition with which it is associated. We evaluated the incidence and the clinical relevance of spontaneous pneumomediastinum in a consecutive series of 102 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Six cases of pneumomediastinum were identified by high-resolution chest CT-scan. Three patients required early intubation, and one of them died, while in in the remaining subjects the clinical course was benign. The presence of pneumomediastinum required some changes in the management of mechanical ventilation. In conclusion, spontaneous pneumomediastinum is a possible complication of severe COVID-19 pneumonia that can affect patient management and clinical outcomes.
Aktif Fayların Tanımlanmasında Jeomorfik Belirteçlerin Rolü: Balıkgöl Fay Zonu Örneği
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Yahya
Published: September 2020

Aktif tektoniğin tanım ve yorumunda kullanılan araçlardan olan tektono-jeomorfik şekiller, topoğrafik peyzaj zenginliği sunmanın yanı sıra bölgesel tektonik süreçlerin aydınlatılması rolü de görebilmektedir. Bu şekiller, aktif fay zonlarında dislokasyonel hareketlerin topoğrafyaya yansımasına dair başlıca referans kaynakları arasındadır. Bu çalışma da Balıkgöl Fay Zonu tarafından denetlenen Balıkgöl ve yakın çevresindeki tektono-jeomorfik şekillere yönelik hazırlanmıştır. Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nde Ağrı ve Iğdır illeri arasında yer alan Balıkgöl çevresinde, Balıkgölü Fayı’ndan dolayı birçok tektono-jeomorfik belirteç gelişmiştir. Ötelenmiş vadi, fay gölü, basınç sırtı, çizgisel uzamış sırt, sürgü sırtı, üçgen yüzey (façeta), asılı vadi, kesik başlı vadi, çek-ayır havza, fay dikliği, basamaklı dağ yamaçları, alüvyal fan, sıralı su kaynakları, kancalı vadi katılımları ve heyelanlar araştırma alanında görülen ve tektonizmaya ışık tutan başlıca yapılardır. Tüm bunların yanı sıra inceleme alanındaki tektonik süreçlere nicel olarak yaklaşma adına jeomorfometrik indisler uygulanmıştır. Drenaj havzası asimetrisi, havza şekli, transvers topoğrafik simetri, dağ önü kıvrımlılık gibi indislerle bölgedeki tektonik etki sayısal olarak doğrulanmaya çalışılmıştır. Neticede nitel ve nicel verilerden hareketle sahanın aktif bir tektonik alan olduğu anlaşılmıştır.
Normative Model Of New-Woman: A Discourse Of Ten Female Protagonists Of Urdu TV Drama Serials (2010-2019)
Authors: Abbas Saleem , Jabeen Firasat , Askari Muhammad
Published: September 2020

This paper examines the normative model of ‘new woman’ (Dutoya 2018) in Pakistani dramas from the perspective of gender, class, and culture. TV drama is a predominant form of entertainment in Pakistani media. In early Urdu dramas, female characters are infrequently depicted in a progressive way but now, educated, independent, and urban middle-class women can generally be observed in lead and supporting roles. Along with a shift of female representation in Pakistani Urdu dramas, the study discusses the construction of a Pakistani normative model of ‘new womanhood.’ Through a qualitative content analysis of ten female protagonists from Pakistani Urdu TV dramas of last decade (2010 through 2019), I argue that Dutoya’s socially permissible model of ‘new woman’ can be noticed in the majority of contemporary Urdu dramas. In other words, female protagonists are portrayed with diverse attributes of modesty and modernity. I further argue that the idea of ‘new woman’ is not a new phenomenon for the Pakistani society. Unlike a colonial idea of ‘super wife’ and Victorian concept of ‘super woman,’ my assertion is that Pakistani version of ‘new woman’ is a response to western wave of feminism, religious orthodoxy at home, and cultural conservatism prevalent in Pakistan.
The Islamic Banking Sector Of Pakistan: The Impact Of Leadership Opportunities, Gender Differences, Working Conditions And Employee Performance On Job Satisfaction Of Female Employees Of The Industry
Authors: Iqbal Sobia , Iraqi Khalid Mehmood
Published: September 2020

The findings of this research study is constructed depending the role of women in Islamic Banking industry of Pakistan. It has been conducted with an objective to determine the contrast of leadership opportunities, gender differences, working condition, employee performance with Job Satisfaction. The data has been collected from 200 male and female participants, representing the Islamic Banking Sector of Pakistan (Meezan Bank, Dubai Islamic Bank and Bank Islami). The result of the research shows a positive association in the selected dependent and independent variables. The study result further supports that in the current scenario the male gender participation for authoritative and leadership position is comparatively high as paralleled to female in the Pakistani Islamic Banking Sector of Pakistan. Further, it reveals that male working employees in the Islamic banking sector of Pakistan are far more satisfied as compared to female working participants. The result has reflected that the constructed model is significant (at the p < 0.001 level).  The findings of this particular study possibly may assist the upper management to revisit their working environment policies and practices to consider females as equally responsible for challenging leadership roles, providing career path opportunities, and to promote Equal Employment Opportunities (EEO) in organizations.
Design of seamless communication channel for IoT equipped quarantine centers Post Covid 19 Outbreak
Authors: Bhatt Ishan , Yadav Shweta
Published: September 2020

In the last few decades, our population has grown at a tremendous rate. This unsustainably high rate of growth becomes a major issue for healthcare centers. Not only are they already quite limited in numbers, but their own rate of growth is nowhere close to the population growth rate. Thus, due to these mentioned factors, there now exists a tremendous demand for Industrial health IoT services post COVID 19 outbreaks. These services involve a patient getting treatment within the comfort of their own home environment. To do this, an existing healthcare center can very well be transformed into an Industrial health IoT service center. This can be achieved with the help of various emerging, modern technologies such as IoT, which stands for 'Internet of Things'. This model is based upon the overall health of a patient and involves realizing symptoms with the help of mobile devices and multichannel technology. The main idea behind this project is to introduce a set of systems to support a patient and his/her family. Thus, we can increase the independence of a patient, and can provide a lot of support to families of critically-ill patients. These systems are skilled enough to understand various changes in bodily functions and can easily relate them to various diseases. They can also prescribe medications accordingly and automatically.
La violencia contra la mujer en los conflictos armados dentro de la comunidad andina
Authors: Acosta Roa Erika Raquel , Liendo Origüen Ángel Jesús , Ponce Pérez Julián Javier
Published: September 2020

Los conflictos armados en la región andina han sido prolongados y complejos y se han desarrollado bajo un manto de secuestros y violaciones ejecutados en su mayoría por grupos como guerrillas, paramilitares y otros rebeldes apoyados en su mayoría por el tráfico de drogas. En América del Sur, el fenómeno se consolidó en las zonas ocupadas por los insurgentes, lo que permitió su proliferación y trajo consigo la propagación de la violencia sexual como práctica utilizada por los desertores armados para sembrar el terror en los espacios ocupados y consolidar su poder. Algunos de los grupos insurgentes justifican sus levantamientos con un discurso que está protegido por el statu quo político de los países en que se desarrollaron, para promover una justicia social ficticia. La investigación analiza la ola de violencia contra la mujer que este panorama ha generado, aborda su desarrollo y la forma en que el aparato legal aún no ha logrado disminuir este flagelo. El enfoque hermenéutico, el pensamiento crítico y el análisis documental de los informes oficiales, artículos de revistas y otros documentos son la guía para el desarrollo del discurso. Se presenta una reflexión con el objetivo de evitar que el cuerpo de la mujer que vive en las fronteras de la comunidad andina sea un territorio donde se produzcan discursos políticos fallidos.