bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Constraint on Primordial B-modes from the First Flight of the Spider Balloon-borne Telescope
Authors: Ade P. A. R. , Amiri M. , Benton S. J. , Bergman A. S. , Bihary R. , Bock J. J. , Bond J. R. , Bonetti J. A. , Bryan S. A. , Chiang H. C. , Contaldi C. R. , Doré O. , Duivenvoorden A. J. , Eriksen H. K. , Farhang M. , Filippini J. P. , Fraisse A. A. , Freese K. , Galloway M. , Gambrel A. E. , Gandilo N. N. , Ganga K. , Gualtieri R. , Gudmundsson J. E. , Halpern M. , Hartley J. , Hasselfield M. , Hilton G. , Holmes W. , Hristov V. V. , Huang Z. , Irwin K. D. , Jones W. C. , Karakci A. , Kuo C. L. , Kermish Z. D. , Leung J. S.-Y. , Li S. , Mak D. S. Y. , Mason P. V. , Megerian K. , Moncelsi L. , Morford T. A. , Nagy J. M. , Netterfield C. B. , Nolta M. , O’Brient R. , Osherson B. , Padilla I. L. , Racine B. , Rahlin A. S. , Reintsema C. , Ruhl J. E. , Runyan M. C. , Ruud T. M. , Shariff J. A. , Shaw E. C. , Shiu C. , Soler J. D. , Song X. , Trangsrud A. , Tucker C. , Tucker R. S. , Turner A. D. , van der List J. F. , Weber A. C. , Wehus I. K. , Wen S. , Wiebe D. V. , Young E. Y. ,   Spider Collaboration
Published: March 2022

We present the first linear polarization measurements from the 2015 long-duration balloon flight of Spider, which is an experiment that is designed to map the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) on degree angular scales. The results from these measurements include maps and angular power spectra from observations of 4.8% of the sky at 95 and 150 GHz, along with the results of internal consistency tests on these data. While the polarized CMB anisotropy from primordial density perturbations is the dominant signal in this region of sky, Galactic dust emission is also detected with high significance. Galactic synchrotron emission is found to be negligible in the Spider bands. We employ two independent foreground-removal techniques to explore the sensitivity of the cosmological result to the assumptions made by each. The primary method uses a dust template derived from Planck data to subtract the Galactic dust signal. A second approach, which constitutes a joint analysis of Spider and Planck data in the harmonic domain, assumes a modified-blackbody model for the spectral energy distribution of the dust with no constraint on its spatial morphology. Using a likelihood that jointly samples the template amplitude and r parameter space, we derive 95% upper limits on the primordial tensor-to-scalar ratio from Feldman–Cousins and Bayesian constructions, finding r < 0.11 and r < 0.19, respectively. Roughly half the uncertainty in r derives from noise associated with the template subtraction. New data at 280 GHz from Spider’s second flight will complement the Planck polarization maps, providing powerful measurements of the polarized Galactic dust emission.
Non-Gaussian Generalization of the Kazantsev–Kraichnan Model for a Turbulent Dynamo
Authors: Kopyev A. V. , Kiselev A. M. , Il’yn A. S. , Sirota V. A. , Zybin K. P.
Published: March 2022

We consider a natural generalization of the Kazantsev–Kraichnan model for a small-scale turbulent dynamo. This generalization takes into account the statistical time asymmetry of a turbulent flow and thus allows one to describe velocity fields with energy cascade. For three-dimensional velocity fields, a generalized Kazantsev equation is derived, and the evolution of the second-order magnetic field correlator is investigated for large but finite magnetic Prandtl numbers. It is shown that as Pr
m
→ ∞, the growth increment tends to the limit known from the T-exponential (Lagrangian deformation) method. Magnetic field generation is shown to be weaker than that in the Gaussian velocity field for any direction of the energy cascade and essentially depends on the Prandtl number.
Dissecting the Extended X-Ray Emission in the Merging Pair NGC 6240: Photoionization and Winds
Authors: Paggi A. , Fabbiano G. , Nardini E. , Karovska M. , Elvis M. , Wang J.
Published: March 2022

We present a detailed spectral and imaging analysis of the central 15″ radius (∼7.5 kpc) region of the merger galaxy NGC 6240 that makes use of all the available Chandra-ACIS data (0.3–3 keV effective exposure of ∼190 ks). This region shows extended X-ray structures with lower-energy counterparts imaged in CO, [O iii], and Hα line emission. We find both photoionized phases of possible nuclear excitation and thermal shock-excited emission in the different large-scale components: the northwest “loop” detected in Hα, the region surrounding the two nuclei, the large outflow region to the northeast detected in [O iii], and the southern X-ray extensions. The latter could be the ionization cone of the northern nucleus, with the N counterpart being obscured by the galaxy disk. The radial distribution of the X-ray surface brightness suggests a confined hot interstellar medium at r < 2.5 kpc, with a free-flowing wind at larger radii; if the confinement is magnetic, we estimate B-field values of ∼100 μG, similar to those measured in the halo of M82. The thermal gas of the extended halo at kT ∼ 1 keV absorbs soft X-rays from the active galactic nucleus, but not the extreme ultraviolet radiation leading to a rapid increase in F
[O III]/F
X beyond ∼3 kpc. The α-element to Fe abundance ratios of the thermal components in the different regions of the extended X-ray emission are generally compatible with Type II supernova yields, confirming the importance of active star formation in NGC 6240.
The Farthest Quasar Mini-Broad Absorption Line Outflow from Its Central Source: Very Large Telescope/UVES Observation of SDSS J0242+0049
Authors: Byun Doyee , Arav Nahum , Hall Patrick B.
Published: March 2022

We analyze Very Large Telescope/UVES observations of the quasar SDSS J024221.87+004912.6. We identify four absorption outflow systems: a C iv broad absorption line (BAL) at v ≈ −18,000 km s−1 and three narrower low-ionization systems with centroid velocities ranging from –1200 to –3500 km s−1. These outflows show similar physical attributes to the [O iii] outflows studied by Liu et al. (2013). We find that two of the systems are energetic enough to contribute to active galactic nucleus feedback, with one system reaching above 5% of the quasar’s Eddington luminosity. We also find that this system is at a distance of 67 kpc away from the quasar, the farthest detected mini-BAL absorption outflow from its central source to date. In addition, we examine the time-variability of the BAL and find that its velocity monotonically increases, while the trough itself becomes shallower over time.
He ii Lyα Transmission Spikes and Absorption Troughs in Eight High-resolution Spectra Probing the End of He ii Reionization
Authors: Makan Kirill , Worseck Gábor , Davies Frederick B. , Hennawi Joseph F. , Prochaska J. Xavier , Richter Philipp
Published: March 2022

We present statistics of He ii Lyα transmission spikes and large-scale absorption troughs using archival high-resolution (R = λ/Δλ ≃ 12,500–18,000) far-UV spectra of eight He ii-transparent quasars obtained with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope. The sample covers the redshift range 2.5 ≲ z ≲ 3.8, thereby probing the rapidly evolving He ii absorption at the end of He ii reionization epoch. The measured lengths of the troughs decrease dramatically from L ≳ 100 cMpc at z > 3 to L ≃ 30 cMpc at z ∼ 2.7, signaling a significant progression of He ii reionization at these redshifts. Furthermore, unexpectedly long L ∼ 65 cMpc troughs detected at z ≃ 2.9 suggest that the UV background fluctuates at larger scales than predicted by current models. By comparing the measured incidence of transmission spikes to predictions from forward-modeled mock spectra created from the outputs of a (146 cMpc)3 optically thin Nyx hydrodynamical simulation employing different UV background models, we infer the redshift evolution of the He ii photoionization rate ΓHe II
(z). The photoionization rate decreases with increasing redshift from ≃ 4.6 × 10−15 s−1 at z ≃ 2.6 to ≃ 1.2 × 10−15 s−1 at z ≃ 3.2, in agreement with previous inferences from the He ii effective optical depth, and following expected trends of current models of a fluctuating He ii-ionizing background.
2021 Census of Interstellar, Circumstellar, Extragalactic, Protoplanetary Disk, and Exoplanetary Molecules
Authors: McGuire Brett A.
Published: March 2022

To date, 241 individual molecular species, composed of 19 different elements, have been detected in the interstellar and circumstellar medium by astronomical observations. These molecules range in size from two atoms to 70 and have been detected across the electromagnetic spectrum from centimeter wavelengths to the ultraviolet. This census presents a summary of the first detection of each molecular species, including the observational facility, wavelength range, transitions, and enabling laboratory spectroscopic work, as well as listing tentative and disputed detections. Tables of molecules detected in interstellar ices, external galaxies, protoplanetary disks, and exoplanetary atmospheres are provided. A number of visual representations of these aggregate data are presented and briefly discussed in context.
Magnetocentrifugal Origin for Protostellar Jets Validated through Detection of Radial Flow at the Jet Base
Authors: Lee Chin-Fei , Li Zhi-Yun , Shang Hsien , Hirano Naomi
Published: March 2022

Jets can facilitate the mass accretion onto the protostars in star formation. They are believed to be launched from accretion disks around the protostars by magnetocentrifugal force, as supported by the detections of rotation and magnetic fields in some of them. Here we report a radial flow of the textbook-case protostellar jet HH 212 at the base to further support this jet-launching scenario. This radial flow validates a central prediction of the magnetocentrifugal theory of jet formation and collimation, namely, the jet is the densest part of a wide-angle wind that flows radially outward at distances far from the (small, sub-au) launching region. Additional evidence for the radially flowing wide-angle component comes from its ability to reproduce the structure and kinematics of the shells detected around the HH 212 jet. This component, which can transport material from the inner to outer disk, could account for the chondrules and Ca–Al-rich inclusions detected in the solar system at large distances.
Phytochemical analysis and anti-allergic activity of a combined herbal medicine based on bur-marigold, calendula and hawthorn
Authors: Kotov Semen , Gontova Tetyana , Kononenko Nadiia , Chernyavski Elina , Chikitkina Valentyna
Published: March 2022

Using an experimentally selected extractant for balanced extraction of flavonoids, polysaccharides and polyphenols from bur-marigold herb, calendula flowers and hawthorn leaves and flowers, 3 suitable dry extracts and 1 combined extract in the selected ratio of raw materials were obtained. It was concluded that it was reasonable to standardize the combined herbal extract on the content of flavonoids in terms of luteolin-7-glucoside and content of polyphenols in terms of pyrogallol by UV method and the content of terpenoid compounds, in terms of oleanolic acid by densitometric method. The combined extract at a dose of 30 mg/kg in the model of anaphylactic shock has showed antiallergic activity at the level of tesalin and exceeds diazoline; the ability of the combined extract to reduce the permeability of skin capillaries at the level of the tesalin has established on the model of active cutaneous anaphylaxis and it significantly exceeded diazoline; the combined extract did not differ in membrane-stabilizing properties from the effect of desloratadine and was significantly superior to the reference drugs diazolin and tesalin in the test of indirect degranulation of mast cells. As a result, it was concluded that the mechanism of anti-allergic action of the combined extract is probably associated not only with antihistamine properties but also with the ability to stabilize cell membranes.
Moving from Tradition to Evidence: A Review of Psychiatric Nursing Intervention Studies
Authors: Zauszniewski Jaclene , Suresky Jane , Bekhet Abir , Kidd Lori
Published: March 2022

This state-of-the-evidence review summarizes characteristics of intervention studies published from January 2000 through December 2005 in five psychiatric nursing journals. Intervention studies were defined as those evaluating the application of nursing strategies/procedures/practices for enhancing/promoting health or preventing disability/dysfunction. Of 486 research studies published in those journals, 77 were intervention studies, including 77% conducted in the United States. Interventions reflected psychological (57%), social (9%), and biological (12%) dimensions of the biopsychosocial model; 22% of the studies tested interventions with overlapping dimensions. Some studies included persons of various ages; however, 7 focused on adolescents, 36 on adults, and 10 on elders; 2 included children. The findings describe the current state of published intervention research in five psychiatric nursing journals and suggest the need for increased dissemination of intervention research, more rigorous testing of interventions, and more focused programs of research to build evidence for effective psychiatric nursing interventions across the lifespan and globally.
L’Anthropocène n’est pas durable : que pouvons-nous faire ?
Authors: von Weizsäcker Ernst Ulrich , Delau-Wendt Maïté
Published: March 2022

Reprenons la distinction introduite par Herman Daly entre le « monde vide » et le « monde plein » : le monde vide, dans son ensemble, était « durable », tandis que le monde plein – aujourd’hui – ne l’est pas. En un sens, l’Anthropocène est un terme qui décrit la non-durabilité. On peut dater les débuts de l’Anthropocène en 1950, soit quelques années seulement après la terrible Seconde Guerre mondiale. L’un des faits les plus marquants de l’Anthropocène est le réchauffement climatique. Il convient également de mentionner la perte dramatique de biodiversité au cours des 75 dernières années. Le réchauffement climatique va certainement faire monter le niveau de la mer, ce qui pourrait entraîner la submersion de l’espace vital d’un milliard d’êtres humains. Que pouvons-nous faire pour réduire la probabilité d’une telle catastrophe ? L’agenda 2030 des Nations Unies, qui prévoit 17 objectifs de développement durable, n’est certainement pas la solution, car la plupart des pays le perçoivent comme un programme axé sur la croissance. La corrélation quasi parfaite entre l’activité économique par habitant et les émissions de gaz à effet de serre représente un obstacle majeur à tous les efforts en faveur de la durabilité. Tous les pays du monde aspirent à une augmentation de la croissance économique, ce qui signifie, pour le dire cyniquement, que les pays veulent accélérer le réchauffement climatique. Décorréler la croissance économique des émissions de gaz à effet de serre pourrait constituer une réponse optimiste à cette tragédie. La transition entre une économie fondée sur les énergies fossiles et une autre basée sur l’énergie solaire est une avancée audacieuse. Une autre étape (moins populaire) consisterait à améliorer considérablement la productivité de l’énergie et des matériaux, ce qui signifierait plus de richesses avec moins d’énergie et de minerais. Une multiplication par cinq de la productivité des ressources est techniquement réalisable. Augmenter les coûts des émissions de gaz à effet de serre et de l’exploitation des minerais semble être la voie à suivre pour parvenir à de telles améliorations. Ce processus doit se dérouler de manière équitable, afin que les pays industrialisés à l’origine du réchauffement climatique soient amenés à débourser davantage. Mais il serait également plus rentable pour les pays en développement d’investir dans l’efficacité énergétique et matérielle.
Numérisation et justice climatique
Authors: Santarius Tilman , Delau-Wendt Maïté
Published: March 2022

La numérisation a fondamentalement modifié la vie de milliards de personnes et continuera de le faire dans les années à venir. Le changement climatique affecte déjà les moyens de subsistance de l’humanité tout entière. Ces deux mégatendances de notre époque sont au cœur de nombreux agendas politiques. Mais jusqu’à présent, on a rarement abordé ces deux thématiques conjointement. Qui plus est, le lien entre numérisation, d’une part, et les questions de justice liées à la politique du climat, d’autre part, n’a absolument pas fait l’objet d’attentions et ce, bien que les questions de justice climatique occupent une place importante dans les débats politiques depuis des années. La numérisation pouvant être considérée comme un moyen et la justice climatique comme un objectif, les opportunités et les risques de la numérisation doivent être analysés et transposés en politique. Cet article se propose d’étudier le rapport entre justice globale, politique climatique et numérisation et de présenter en particulier les implications de la numérisation dans les différentes dimensions de la justice climatique.
Pandémie de Covid-19 : quelles implications pour le climat et pour la politique climatique locale ?
Authors: Zeigermann Ulrike , Böcher Michael , Windels Loïc
Published: March 2022

Si, d’un côté, les limitations des contacts sociaux imposées pendant la première année de la pandémie de Covid-19 ont permis de réduire considérablement les émissions de CO 2 et si l’Allemagne a ainsi pu atteindre ses propres objectifs climatiques pour l’année 2020, les scientifiques mettent d’ores et déjà en garde contre un « effet rebond » et contre un recentrage de la politique sur les défis sanitaires et économiques au détriment de la protection du climat et de l’adaptation au changement climatique. Cet article se propose de confronter les différentes positions en présence dans le débat sur les implications de la crise du Covid-19 pour la politique climatique allemande, en s’intéressant tout particulièrement à la politique climatique locale. En effet, bien que la loi fédérale sur la protection du climat soit considérée en Allemagne comme une étape essentielle vers l’accomplissement des objectifs internationaux de protection du climat, on constate au niveau régional une forte fragmentation au niveau des priorités, des instruments politiques, de la configuration des acteurs et des ressources, alors même que de nombreuses mesures concrètes de protection du climat sont mises en œuvre à ce niveau. En outre, l’application de mesures de protection du climat au niveau local est soumise à une pression croissante en raison de la gestion de la pandémie de Covid-19. Cet article s’appuie sur les résultats de recherches menées dans le cadre du projet « Land-Kreis-Gemeinde » (2019-2022) et une étude comparative des activités dites « de protection du climat » dans douze districts (Landkreis) répartis sur six Länder.
Faire de la recherche
Authors: Béjà Vincent
Published: March 2022

Dans cet article l’auteur ouvre quelques pistes sur la façon dont la recherche pourrait bénéficier à l’ensemble du mouvement gestaltiste. Faisant retour sur ce qui l’a conduit à s’intéresser à la recherche, il explicite quelques moments forts de l’histoire de la Gestalt-thérapie en France, depuis les débats sur la loi sur le titre de psychothérapeute, jusqu’au colloque de Paris sur la recherche en 2017. Il montre ainsi comment, malgré de vrais efforts de mobilisation, le désintérêt persistant des Gestalt-thérapeutes pour la recherche risque de les laisser une nouvelle fois sans recours vis à vis des aléas politiques à venir. Il suggère ensuite comment la pratique de la recherche en GT, loin de simplifier la réalité clinique, peut au contraire soulever de nouvelles questions, enrichir cette dernière et affiner le regard des cliniciens. Offrant en exemple la politique suivie par l’association européenne de Gestalt-thérapie (EAGT), il plaide alors pour une posture d’engagement et non de retrait, seule à même de pouvoir contribuer à élargir l’audience et la crédibilité de la Gestalt-thérapie.
L’éducation prioritaire à l’épreuve de la mixité sociale : un enjeu pour l’égalisation effective des chances
Authors: Jellab Aziz
Published: March 2022

Politique emblématique, l’éducation prioritaire a inauguré une nouvelle ère institutionnelle, marquée par la reconnaissance des inégalités sociales et culturelles face à l’école et aux apprentissages. Mais le bilan mitigé des différentes politiques engagées procède partiellement de la faible mixité sociale voire de son absence dans de nombreux établissements scolaires. Question socialement vive, la mixité pourrait pourtant constituer la clé de réussite d’une politique ambitieuse.
Diagonales et… personnes âgées et vulnérables avec comorbidité
Authors: Annenkov Marie-José
Published: March 2022

Ces Diagonales mettent en lien une série d’auteurs, d’ouvrages, de textes relatifs aux personnes âgées. Mais que disent les mots employés du regard que la société porte sur elles et de la place qu’elle leur accorde ? Avec la Covid et ses effets multiples, les personnes âgées sont stigmatisées tout à la fois comme personnes fragiles, à protéger mais aussi à mettre à l’écart. Pourtant elles ne sont pas que cela, mais également des personnes pleines d’énergie, de projets et de désirs.
L’Œsophagite à Éosinophiles : de l’ombre à la lumière
Authors: Vicari Alain
Published: March 2022

Nous avions établi dans HEGEL en 2017 [1] un premier état des lieux sur L’Œsophagite à Éosinophiles (EoE), une maladie immunitaire déclenchée par des antigènes alimentaires et caractérisée par une infiltration d’éosinophiles dans l’œsophage. Force est de constater que depuis cette mise au point l’EoE est passée de l’ombre à la lumière, et a suscité de nombreux développements tant dans la connaissance de ses mécanismes que dans les possibilités d’intervention thérapeutique. Le domaine est désormais aussi plus complexe, avec l’identification de plusieurs sous-types d’EoE et l’extension des investigations à des pathologies voisines telles que les gastrites ou duodénites à éosinophiles, le tout rassemblé sous le terme de maladies gastro-intestinales à éosinophiles (EGID). Une meilleure évaluation diagnostique et clinique est constatée, et des thérapies ciblées émergent, même s’il reste encore beaucoup de chemin à parcourir pour proposer des options satisfaisantes à tous les patients.
L’odyssée de la posturologie : de l’empirisme aux neurosciences 1 – La posturologie de l’antiquité à nos jours
Authors: Malafosse Philippe
Published: March 2022

Le concept de posture érigée antigravitationnelle a mis longtemps à se dessiner. La faute incombe aux querelles idéologiques qui freinèrent l’élan scientifique. Ce dernier, une fois libéré, a vu une éclosion d’idées, de concepts et d’expérimentations qui ont conduit à la posturologie contemporaine qui fait la part belle aux neurosciences.
The origins and practice of insect-foraging technology
Authors: Jorgensen K. , Slank C. , Hurd K. , Lesnik J.
Published: March 2022

Over the course of our evolution, humans have developed increasingly sophisticated technology for utilising natural resources. The origins of these technologies are difficult to identify since they rely on natural resources that are often perishable in local environments so do not preserve for archaeologists to find millions of years later. However, by looking at our closest cousin in the order Primates, we see that chimpanzees utilise tools, most commonly for foraging for social insects such as ants and termites. This parallel suggests that our early ancestors would have had a similar capacity for making and using tools, quite possibly for the same goal of extracting insects from their nests. By 1.5 million years ago, we see archaeological evidence of tools used for insect foraging in the form of bone digging implements. With the evolution of our genusHomo, the capacity to use forethought to create more complicated tools opens up the possibility for baskets and nets. These items do not preserve in very ancient sediments, but they begin to appear around 25,000 years ago, and their utility to contemporary foraging populations supports the notion of a more ancient origin. Each of these advances intensifies human utilisation of insects as a food resource and are precursor to more extensive environmental manipulation and eventual agriculture. As insect consumption scales up around the world today, it requires increasing intensification, but this is a challenge humans have been overcoming for millions of years.
Liouville type theorem for Hartree-Fock Equation on half space
Authors: Chen Xiaomei , Yu Xiaohui
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we study the Liouville type theorem for the following Hartree-Fock equation in half space

   \begin{document}$ \begin{align*} \begin{cases} - \Delta {u_i}(y) = \sum\limits_{j = 1}^n {{\int _{\partial \mathbb{R}_ + ^N}}} \frac{{{u_j}(\bar x, 0){F_1}({u_j}(\bar x, 0))}} {{|(\bar x, 0) - y{|^{N - \alpha }}}}d\bar x{f_2}({u_i}(y)) \\ \qquad \qquad \qquad + \sum\limits_{j = 1}^n {{\int _{\partial \mathbb{R}_ + ^N}}} \frac{{{u_j}(\bar x, 0){F_2}({u_i}(\bar x, 0))}} {{|(\bar x, 0) - y{|^{N - \alpha }}}}d\bar x{f_1}({u_j}(y)), \ y \in \mathbb{R}_ + ^N, \hfill \\ \frac{{\partial {u_i}}} {{\partial \nu }}(\bar x, 0) = \sum\limits_{j = 1}^n {{\int _{ \mathbb{R}_ + ^N}}} \frac{{{u_j}(y){G_1}({u_j}(y))}} {{|(\bar x, 0) - y{|^{N - \alpha }}}}dy{g_2}({u_i}(\bar x, 0)) \\ \qquad \qquad \qquad + \sum\limits_{j = 1}^n {{\int _{ \mathbb{R}_ + ^N}}} \frac{{{u_j}(y){G_2}({u_i}(y))}} {{|(\bar x, 0) - y{|^{N - \alpha }}}}dy{g_1}({u_j}(\bar x, 0)), \quad \quad(\bar x, 0) \in \partial \mathbb{R}_ + ^N, \end{cases} \end{align*} $\end{document}

where \begin{document}$ \mathbb{R}_+^N = \{x\in{\mathbb{R}^N}: x_N > 0\}, f_1, f_2, g_1, g_2, F_1, F_2, G_1, G_2 $\end{document} are some nonlinear functions. Under some assumptions on the nonlinear functions \begin{document}$ F, G, f, g $\end{document}, we will prove the above equation only possesses trivial positive solution. We use the moving plane method in an integral form to prove our result.
Dynamics of a nonlinear differential advertising model with single parameter sales promotion strategy
Authors: Ma Junhai , Jiang Hui
Published: March 2022

Advertising and sales promotion are two important specific marketing communications tools. In this paper, nonlinear differential equation and single parameter sales promotion strategy are introduced into an advertising model and investigated quantitatively. The existence and stability of period-$ nT $ (n = 1, 2, 4, 8) solutions are investigated. Interestingly, both period doubling bifurcation and inverse flip bifurcation occur at different parameter values in the same advertising model. The results show that the system enters into chaos from stable state through flip bifurcation and enters into stable state from chaos through inverse flip bifurcation. An effective control strategy, which suppresses flip bifurcation and promotes inverse flip bifurcation, is proposed to eliminate chaos. These results have some significant theoretical and practical value in related markets.
Fans, play knowledge, and playful history management
Authors: Heljakka Katriina
Published: March 2022

Three empirical case studies with an interest in character toys—Barbie dolls, Star Wars action figures, and Forest Families figurines—provide insight into the practices of prime players of contemporary toy cultures focusing on their activities as fans and historians of particular toy brands. Adult toy fans preserve and produce new play knowledge as they remember, recreate, and replay historical narratives of the objects of their fandom. Play knowledge, a relevant resource in current toy fandoms, helps describe the diverse ways fans act as historians through playful history management, thus contributing to existing research on fans' strategies to preserve play.
Filling the gap: An exploration into the theories and methods used in fan studies
Authors: Benecchi Eleonora , Porlezza Colin , Pranteddu Laura
Published: March 2022

Interdisciplinarity involves the interaction, combination, and integration of theories, concepts, and methods across different disciplines—and fan studies is commonly seen as an interdisciplinary field of research. This contribution sheds light on the question of interdisciplinarity by investigating contemporary notions of theory and methods used in two discipline-related scholarly journals through a metadata analysis of the keywords as well as a content analysis of fifty randomly selected abstracts in order to investigate the dominant theoretical approaches and methods used in the field of fan studies.
What is an anti? Exploring a key term and contemporary debates
Authors: Editor TWC
Published: March 2022

The term "anti" has come into wide use in fandom over the past few years, but it has not been subject to much scholarly attention. This roundtable brings together a group of thinkers (Alexis Lothian, stitch, Anne Jamison, and Sneha Kumar) with expertise in different facets of this complex phenomenon to explore what is happening with the anti—as well as the opposite side of these debates, known as the anti-anti or proshipper—and what it all means, thereby providing some context for those unfamiliar with these debates and further spurring scholarly attention.
The Role of Assistive Technology in Teaching Children With ASD in UAE
Authors: AlQahtani Omniah , Efstratopoulou Maria , Elhoweris Hala
Published: March 2022

Assistive technology can be defined as any device or equipment that assists in teaching new skills, augments existing skills, or reduces the impact of disability on daily functioning. Assistive technology is the technology used by people with disabilities to achieve functions that can be difficult or impossible without it. Some examples of using assistive technologies to assist children with disabilities include using robot therapists in intervention and the use of laminated picture cards for communication purposes.
Strategies to Successfully Implement Assistive Technology for Post-Secondary Education Programs and Beyond
Authors: Abrams Kathryn , Anglin Mykala , McMahon Donald D.
Published: March 2022

This chapter outlines the strategies that can be used to help implement assistive technology devices and services to individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities at the post-secondary education level. A brief background sets the stage for outcomes of using assistive technology in post-secondary education programs. The authors then discuss how educators can prepare students during the transition process for post-secondary education success with assistive technology. The bulk of the chapter focuses on matching individual students' needs and abilities with a variety of assistive technology devices and services. The goal of the chapter is to give students, practitioners, and researchers resources and tools to implement and use in their particular setting that will help students to become independent lifelong learners using technology.
The Commons Problem
Authors: Önder Damla , Önder Izzettin , Onder Yagmur
Published: March 2022

In this chapter, the aim is to trace the relation between the ecological conditions as the most crucial issue of the commons and the economic system. The literature survey points to the economic system as the sole responsible agent for ecological crisis, besides natural cyclical situations, making the researchers concentrate on the economic system with the purpose of finding its relation to the problem of the commons. It should be emphasized that the reason the commons problem attracts the attention of researchers is the fact that most of nonappropriable commons have been privatized and became appropriable throughout time. Another related problem is that the commons problem cannot be confined solely to such commodities like pastures, fishing areas, and lakes from which people get immediate benefit; it covers quite a large area of events from the destruction of the ozone layer to the produced knowledge, yet bounded under patent rights and even human mind redressed by capitalist ideology.
The Public Frontier of Space
Authors: Oğhan Volkan , Çak Murat
Published: March 2022

In today's world where technological developments are getting faster, asteroid mining has become more realistic and applicable rather than an imaginary perception created in the past, and it has begun to be discussed concretely with its contributions to countries in terms of technology and economy. In addition to the presence of minerals and metals such as nickel and iron in most of the asteroids, the increase in the possibility of obtaining precious metals known as platinum group metals from asteroids will pave the way for important changes in the ordinary status of the world economy, and it will cause the acceleration of technological developments. However, despite the various agreements made in the past regarding space, the necessity of new national and international agreements and regulations in line with the increase and expansion of commercial activities in space will be important in terms of benefit and costs that will arise on a global scale.
The Better Life Index and the Fiscal Policies During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Arıkboğa Aysel
Published: March 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic, as one of the worst socio-economic crises encountered by the world, has certainly affected people's well-being in many aspects. The resultant economic impacts of the pandemic have raised the stress laid on people, particularly via increasing risk of unemployment and income loss. Therefore, both the material living conditions and the quality of life have been seriously affected throughout this process. Although fiscal policies have a significant role in coping with this crisis, a limited fiscal space will be a serious constraint on implementing the necessary measures. Furthermore, a protracted crisis may endanger future well-being. The chapter proposes that the topics and the relevant indicators of the Better Life Index can provide information on the conditions of each country, regarding their particular vulnerabilities and strengths before the outbreak of the pandemic. In this framework, if the fiscal policies and the relevant fiscal measures address these vulnerabilities, then the crisis can be overcome with the least possible damage.
The Financial Impact of the Global COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Özcan Yalçın , Özer Ipek Doğan
Published: March 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic, which accelerated global public goods discussions and affected the public finance indicators of many countries negatively, accelerated. For this reason, the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, which is one of the global public goods, on the central government budget and borrowing fields in Turkey are the focus of the present study. For this purpose, the budget revenues, expenditures, and borrowing data that were obtained by using various official reports and budget laws were analyzed empirically and comparatively. The central government's budget deficit increased by 173% in April 2020 when compared to the same month of the previous year and was financed primarily by domestic borrowing. The external debt use, on the other hand, increased, especially in the second six-month period in October and December. Towards the end of the year, the fiscal policy measures that were taken to decrease the economic impact of the pandemic reduced the burden on the budget.
Performance Measurement and Social Security Policy in Local Governments
Authors: Falay Nihat
Published: March 2022

The current focus on performance measurement in local levels of government reflects citizen demand for evidence of program effectiveness. Performance measurement enables local officials to hold organizations accountable to introduce consequences for performance. Performance measurement is the one of the main effects of the loss of worker jobs. If the manager's appraisal of the worker's performance is not efficient, they can evaluate that their labour force is unnecessary. A common terminology has emerged over time which allows different elements of performance measurement to the identified: inputs, process, outputs, outcomes. Additionally, in order to set out a standard for comparison of results, this is known as a benchmarking. Line managers can use performance data to inform their resource allocation decisions. All over the world, countries and local units, labour markets are unreliable. The twin pillars of jobs at living wages for all who sought work and income supports for those who found themselves outside of the local labour market were built.
The Republic of Moldova in the Context of Governing the Sustainable Innovation Process in the Region
Authors: Gribincea Corina , Duca Aurelia , Gribincea Alexandru
Published: March 2022

The issue of increasing the role of social innovations in social development acquires special value from the point of view of the transition to the paradigm of sustainable development and the generation of social innovations. Concepts of sustainability require a rethinking of the whole palette of existing social practices. The creation of new lifestyles, changes in social behavior and consumer habits of people, alternatives in the transport system, agriculture, production are of greater importance for the future than the technological rearmament of civilization. Today, the indisputable thesis/idea is that innovation is the main factor determining competitiveness in the global economy. Depending on the level of analysis, innovation regions can be entire continents, countries, as well as meso- and micro-territorial entities located on the territory of one or several states. The concept of innovation regions is a model that explains the uneven spatial development of the innovation process and its concentration in certain regions of the world.
E-Government in Europe
Authors: Warf Barney
Published: March 2022

E-government in Europe has changed significantly in the years since 2017. This chapter begins by briefly summarizing the nature and impacts of e-government. It then offers a broad overview based on the continent's internet penetration rates and the United Nations' e-government readiness and e-participation scores. Third, it points to national variations in e-government implementation, noting successes and failures, and stresses the significant geographic unevenness among and even within countries. It discusses these patterns in light of the continent's digital divide and varying governance structures. The fourth part addresses technical and social changes in the period 2017-2021, including cloud computing, mobile e-government, trans-national e-governance, and the covid pandemic. Throughout, the chapter emphasizes the temporal and spatial variability in e-government practices as a cautionary tale against simplistic interpretations that eschew local contexts.
Learning From the Self-Organizing Universe
Authors: Partanen Jenni
Published: March 2022

Ubiquitous digitalization in our technology-mediated cities has recently pushed the computation from virtual worlds into the cybernetic sensor-guided cites. AI-driven architecture and planning assumedly make cities efficient, sustainable, and “smart” in a linear, mechanical manner. However, cities are complex adaptive, self-organizing systems evolving through transitions. They are hard to control using any planning tool founded on a rational comprehensive model. Computational, generative methods are established tools in the urban design and planning providing novel perspective for smart city planning. Moreover, the paradigm of complex systems and (universal) self-organization enable crossing of ideas in biological systems, cities, and digital systems. This generates intellectual progress in both philosophical and methods development for e-planning tools. Here, the author introduces an e-planning method applying self-organization of information, capable of reflecting the complex urban dynamics. She concludes by illustrating possible futures in self-organizing technology and planners' roles in it.
Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge Framework as a Lens for Transformative Social and Emotional Learning Online
Authors: Ly Chu N. , Soutter Madora
Published: March 2022

This chapter used Mishra and Koehler's technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) framework as a lens for understanding how teachers integrate transformative social and emotional learning in all learning environments (i.e., online and hybrid). The authors implemented a reflexive thematic analysis approach with interviews of 15 participants consisting of students, parents, and teachers. Findings illustrate that teachers were infusing social and emotional learning (SEL) into technological pedagogical content knowledge, and that interaction among all three bodies of knowledge supported students' social-emotional wellness during the COVID-19 pandemic. Integration of SEL allowed for rich authentic learning experiences across content areas as well connections to the class community in online or hybrid learning environments.
Aprendizaje Colectivo en Tiempos de la Pandemia
Authors: López Ana Cristina
Published: March 2022

The Coronavirus pandemic has imposed critical challenges upon educators across levels and spaces. Novice college professors who recently transitioned from being graduate students to faculty members in 2020 faced and continue to face uncharted terrains in terms of connecting and engaging with students online. This work portrays the autoethnography of a Mexicana scholar in her journey as a newcomer junior faculty member at a Liberal Arts University in New England during contentious COVID-19 times. In this piece, the author draws from the Chicana/Latina plethora of conocimiento [knowledge] to document how testimonio pedagogies allowed her to facilitate and co-create critical online learning/unlearning experiences with graduate students and pre-service teachers in a special education program.
Reimagining Arts-Integrated Structures and Spaces Through Pandemic Learning
Authors: Preston Erin A. , Diaz Mark , Sikkema Scott , Rey Timothy David , Robbins Gina Lee , Clay Sharonda
Published: March 2022

On March 16th, 2020, Chicago Public Schools (CPS) school buildings closed and stayed closed at some school sites for over a year. This created massive disruptions for teachers, students, and their families. Disruptions resulted in substantive adjustments to the who, what, how, and why of teaching and learning, introducing unprecedented material and pedagogical challenges. For approximately 90 teachers across the district, adjustments were complicated and complemented by participation in Chicago Arts Partnerships in Education (CAPE) programs wherein CPS teachers and CAPE teaching artists collaborate on inquiry-based, arts-integrated curriculum in schools. The CPS teachers and CAPE teaching artists were suddenly in a position to urgently reimagine what their teaching would look like remotely. The authors explore how teaching artists made sense of their structural adjustments related to tools and participation and, in turn, what implications their adjustments had on space and agency.
Pharmaceutical Nanosystems and Their Quality Control
Authors: Palomino Vizcaino Kenia , Palomino-Vizciano Giovanni , Cornejo-Bravo Jose Manuel
Published: March 2022

Nanotechnology is currently very important in developing pharmaceutical products, especially in the design, formulation, and administration of therapies. Examples of these are nanoemulsions, nanoparticles, and microemulsions that are increasingly found in the international drug market and are an integral part of new therapies against pathologies such as cancer. The research and development of these new pharmaceutical technologies are dependent on the type of excipient, physicochemical factors, and the method of obtaining it. Some of the methods used to obtain these pharmaceutical products are traditional polymerization in solution, ultrasonic, and ultra-stirring methods. This chapter focuses on the development of new nanometric formulations for the pharmaceutical market, the advantages and characteristics of each production method, and the quality control that it entails at the international research and regulation level.
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography as Quality Control for the Pharmaceutical and Medical Industry
Authors: Medina Espinoza Angel D. , Peña Peña Hatziri I. , Rodriguez Tellez Teresa G. , Magaña Badilla Hector A.
Published: March 2022

This chapter will address the importance of the application of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to carry out, optimally and efficiently, the quality control of pharmaceutical products (capsules, tablets, nanoformulations) and medical devices. This instrumental method has a high application in the validation and verification of pharmacopoeia analytical methods, thus complying with the different parameters of the current regulations. Likewise, it will be sought to understand and interpret each of the chromatographic parameters and achieve solutions to possible inherent obstacles that may arise when applying the technique.
Validation of the Sealing Machine Process for Surgical Packs
Authors: Arredondo-Soto Karina Cecilia , Solís-Quinteros Maria Marcela , Miranda-Ackerman Marco Augusto , Blanco-Fernàndez Julio
Published: March 2022

A manufacturing plant in Tijuana focused on providing medical device solutions to improve the quality of life of patients. The company has developed thanks to its innovative products in the market considerably. As a business strategy at the corporate level, opportunities were detected and involved the transfer of the manufacturing of products to different facilities in Mexico. In order to manufacture a product that complies with standards to ensure the sterile barrier standards to ensure sterilization barrier of the product, this project consists of validating the Max Tray Sealer machine of the kit kat two production lines. The validations process covers all the quality system requirements governed under the ISO-13485 standards, which define the validation stages. The stages of the validation include the installation qualification, the operational qualification, and the performance qualification.
Crude Oil Extraction and Technologically-Enhanced Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (TENORM) Pre-Treatment of Petroleum Sludge: A Review
Authors: Saleh Mohd Nazmi , Embong Rahimah , Ridzuan Norida , Hamidi Nor Hanimah , Nasaruddin Ricca Rahman , Khamaruddin Putri Nadzrul Faizura Megat , Ismail Norasyikin
Published: March 2022

Malaysia is known as one of the major petroleum producers in the Asia-Pacific region. Petroliam Nasional Berhad (PETRONAS) in 2018 stated that the average daily production was over 1.7 million barrels of oil equivalent while the remaining reserves were estimated at more than 5 billion barrels of oil equivalent within more than 400 oilfields. With the growing demand for petroleum-based products, significant contaminated scales and sludge are generated each year from the petroleum industry. During production, the extracted fluids from the oil reservoir tend to carry along the Technologically-Enhanced Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (TENORM) of the 238U and 232Th decay chains from the Earth’s crust. TENORM in the petroleum sludge will results in radionuclides’ precipitation with silicates and carbonates, thus lowering the amount of oil extracted. There is a need for further information regarding the elemental composition (metal and nonmetal) and the surface morphology. Such information will guide the choice for useful partitioning of heavy metals between solid and gaseous products and provide a basis for comparing product characteristics with the parent material. Thus, this paper presents a comprehensive analysis of petroleum sludge’s physical and chemical properties and its treatment and application. Profound evaluation of the extent of sludge treatment before disposal could be done and can significantly impact refinery and petrochemical industries.