bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La transition énergétique turque : analyseur d’un nouveau régime politique ?
Authors: Topçu Sezin , Yalçın-Riollet Melike
Published: April 2018

Dans l’ère de l’anthropocène, la transition énergétique est devenue un impératif non seulement pour les pays dits développés, mais également, sous des formes et à des degrés variés, pour les pays dits en voie de développement ou émergents. Cet article s’intéresse à un de ces contextes : la Turquie. Il part de l’hypothèse que la transition énergétique turque ( enerjide dönüşüm ), devenue un pilier majeur d’un projet transitionniste plus vaste, façonne, tout en étant façonnée par, des politiques de changements promues en tant que seule voie d’avenir pour le pays. L’analyse se focalise sur deux filières, a priori très distinctes, qui sont placées au cœur des politiques de transition menées : nucléaire et éolienne. Elle est constituée de deux volets : d’un côté sont décryptées les formes de justification et de légitimation desdites politiques, en tant que projet situé. D’un autre côté, la transition énergétique est abordée en tant que pratique gouvernementale, dans sa réalisation concrète, et ce dans le but de dégager les formes de gestion associées dont certaines offrent des éléments analytiques précieux pour décrire le nouveau régime politique qui se veut en cours de composition en Turquie, un projet dans lequel les questions énergétiques doivent être réinsérées.
The multiple tensions of British democracy
Authors: Baldini Gianfranco , Pareschi Andrea
Published: April 2018

Cet article propose une lecture croisée de quatre ouvrages récents consacrés au système politique britannique : deux livres en nom propre analysant les problèmes de la démocratie représentative et du mode de gouvernement de la Grande-Bretagne ; deux ouvrages collectifs traitant de l’impact du gouvernement de coalition et des élections générales de 2015. Ces lectures critiques nous permettent de repérer trois points de tension dans la démocratie britannique, exacerbés par le référendum de 2016 sur l’appartenance à l’Union européenne : une tension liée à la question de la souveraineté, entre démocratie représentative et démocratie directe ; une tension « territoriale », entre les pays constitutifs du Royaume-Uni ; et une tension « organisationnelle » au sein des principaux partis. Après avoir replacé le cas britannique dans un cadre comparatif européen, nous nous concentrons sur les défis liés à la question de la représentation et au modèle de Westminster : la capacité croissante des citoyens à s’imposer dans l’espace politique et les réponses changeantes apportées à la question de R. Dahl : « Qui gouverne ? » ; les logiques du pouvoir du Premier ministre, pendant et après la coalition ; la politique de « valence » dans la compétition électorale, en contraste avec celle de l’arène référendaire. Nous dégageons enfin quelques conclusions sur la nature profonde de ces tensions et les incertitudes qu’elles soulèvent quant à l’avenir de la démocratie britannique.
A taxonomic synopsis of Acianthera (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) in Peru, including two new species
Authors: Damián Alexander , Mitidieri Nicole , Chiron Guy
Published: April 2018

A taxonomic synopsis of Peruvian Acianthera including 35 accepted species is presented. An artificial key and maps for known localities from all these species are also included. Acianthera berlinensis sp. nov. and A. marleniae sp. nov. are described and illustrated as new species based on specimens collected in the Peruvian regions of Amazonas and Cajamarca, respectively. Information on the distribution and habitat is provided for both new taxa, followed by a discussion comparing the traits that distinguish them from their closest relatives. A. consatae, A. dodsonii, A. lamia, A. scalpricaulis and A. toachica, previously known only from Ecuador and Bolivia, are herein reported for the first time for the Peruvian flora.
Gentianella canoi S.J.Castillo & J.S.Pringle sp. nov. (Gentianaceae), a new species from Peru
Authors: Castillo Susy J. , Pringle James S.
Published: April 2018

A new species of Gentianella (Gentianaceae) is described from the flora of Peru. Gentianella canoi S.J.Castillo & J.S.Pringle sp. nov., which inhabits high Andean rocky slopes of the Department of Ancash. This new species is related to G. gilgiana (Reimers) Fabris ex J.S.Pringle and G. tristicha (Gilg) J.S.Pringle, with which it shares a caespitose habit, numerous very narrow basal leaves, floriferous stems more than 20 cm high, and widely open corollas. It is differentiated from G. gilgiana mainly by its inflorescences, with 5–11 flowers —vs. 2 or 3—, and corollas 21–28 mm long —vs. 45–55 mm—; from G. tristicha in its opposite leaves —vs. verticillated—; and of both species in their pale yellow corollas —vs. red vermillion in G. gilgiana, lilac in G. tristicha— and in the absence of trichomes in the adaxial surface of the corolla.
Entrepreneurship and Innovation
Authors: Maravilhas Sérgio , Melo Paulo , Oliveira Sérgio Ricardo Goes
Published: April 2018

The role of the entrepreneur in modern society is very important because it develops new businesses, new solutions, new markets, creating employment and offering new innovations to improve and simplify our life. Entrepreneurs must realize if their offering allows users to do things in a simpler, faster, efficient way, at a lower cost. The analysis of information sources available can indeed help prevent problems by having thought about them in advance and solved what was not yet properly planned. The identification of opportunities is one of the essential points in entrepreneurial activity. In the preparation of any project, it is essential to search for information to validate the business idea. For all the collected data to be transformed into information, it is necessary to undertake a systematization of the information. The primary purpose of collecting information is to enable the entrepreneur to be aware of all the changes that take place in the markets, preferably at the right time, to be able to adapt its strategy according to what is taking place.
Information System for Strategic Decision Making
Authors: Rascão José
Published: April 2018

The business strategy can be seen as a problem that involves three parts: information, strategy, and information technologies and communication. It has to be seen in the context of business sciences, in the process strategy formulation (analysis) and decision making (the strategy), information sciences (objective and subjective information, in supporting the process of formulation of the strategy and strategic decision making), and computer science (the tools of support to the implementation and monitoring of the strategy). Corporations need to define the strategy, translate it into actions, and ensure effective integration between the definition and the action in a competitive environment filled with actual and potential importance of information.
An Approach to Knowledge Management With an E-Learning Platform
Authors: Mamede Henrique S.
Published: April 2018

Knowledge management is still a problem for many organizations and at two different levels: tacit knowledge, which typically resides in the head of each individual and gets lost for the organizations when a person goes to work with a different company; and explicit knowledge, which presents growing costs for its dissemination in the organization. In the chapter, the author proposes a model to address those problems, taking for base the SECI (socialization, externalization, combination, and internalization) model, originally developed for knowledge management, together with an e-learning platform and a set of activities as tools to implement a working solution. Such models have the ability to solve organizational knowledge problems, implementing a knowledge management process, allowing the transformation of tacit knowledge into explicit knowledge.
The Influence of Knowledge Management Process Supported With Organizational Strategies on Organizational Performance via Organizational Innovation and Technology
Authors: Akgül Yakup , Tunca Mustafa Zihni
Published: April 2018

In this chapter, the authors aim to investigate the impact of knowledge management and strategy configuration coherence on İstanbul stock market businesses' innovation and organizational performance through a quantitative analysis carried out on a sample of 203 İstanbul stock market businesses. This study also identified the relationship of organizational performance from the standpoint of the balanced scorecard, which includes the customer-related, internal business process and perceptual financial aspects of organizational performance in İstanbul stock market businesses context. A survey was administered and a sample of 203 middle managers was analyzed using partial least squares (PLS-Smart 2.0) for inferential analysis and SPSS version 22 for descriptive insights. The results of the study revealed that business strategies influence the knowledge management processes fully or partially. Knowledge management processes influence the innovation partially. Innovation influences the organizational performance fully. Knowledge management processes and technology influence the organizational performance partially. Knowledge management processes, technology, and business strategies influence the organizational performance partially.
Teacher Liaison In-Service Training Through Mentorship
Authors: Setlhodi Itumeleng Innocentia
Published: April 2018

Teachers who are charged with the role of collaborating learners' affairs require guidance and support for effectively discharging their responsibilities. However, their initial training does not empower them to handle this challenge. Providing an in-service training that incorporates structured mentorship program when in practice presents them with an opportunity to harmonize relationships, oversee learner activities for good cooperate governance, and enable the school to yield conducive teaching and learning environment. Drawing from social learning approach whose essence is action, reflection, communication, and co-operation, the benefits of a mentorship program have a potential of enhancing learner activities in schools. Accordingly, making provision for both formal and informal mentoring can empower and inspire courageous acts of contributing towards a sound school social order.
Integrating Mentees in Mentoring Activities
Authors: Aly El-Hussein A. Y.
Published: April 2018

This chapter investigates the effect of integrating mentees in mentors' activities. After introducing a new curriculum followed by induction and mentoring program, few instructors were not able to cope with the change. They were invited to join a study on the effect of mentoring. Out of a list of 13 instructors, 8 were selected and assigned randomly to control and experimental groups. The experimental group were asked to join their mentors and participate in some mentoring activities. That experience allowed them to reflect upon their performance and improve their classroom practices. Post-test classroom observations indicated a statistically significant change in the experimental group's classroom practices. To confirm the results, semi-structured interviews were conducted with the four teachers of the experimental group. Both qualitative and quantitative data analyses confirm the hypothesis, and attract more attention to the intricate relationship between mentors and mentees.
Utilization of MOOCs Platform for E-Learning Environment in Higher Education
Authors: Samim Abdus
Published: April 2018

This chapter is a study of the utilization of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) for learning in the higher education, given by the top universities in the world. As we know, MOOC platforms are widely popular in the field of e-learning, in the dissemination of higher education all over the world. Such initiatives are essential for students or people who want to be involved in higher education without going to a university for the completion of degree courses. This study found that most of the top universities started MOOCs in 2012 and found that a 72.7% majority of universities offered diploma and certificate courses to people through MOOCs. It was also found that the eDX platform was used by all the selected universities in providing MOOCs.
Integration of MOOCs in the Context of Library and Information Science Service in This Digital Age
Authors: Biswas Payel
Published: April 2018

In this digital era, massive open online courses (MOOCs) are receiving huge attention. MOOCs have moved beyond the academic circle. The high popularity and adaptation of MOOCs are only for being free and providing a totally new kind of learning experience. But there are the several challenges that the library and information science professionals will face as MOOCs take off. These include influencing faculties, copyright and licensing, delivery demographic and scale. This chapter shows how MOOCs integrate in the field of library and information science service in this digital age.
Internet of Things (IoT) Technologies, Architecture, Protocols, Security, and Applications
Authors: Baranidharan B.
Published: April 2018

Internet of things (IoT) is a rapidly developing technology that connects various kinds of smart miniature things such as smart medical alert watches, smart vehicles, smart phones, smart running shoes, etc. Smart devices are connected through internet and can communicate to other smart devices in any part of the world in an automated manner. IoT environment often uses constrained devices with low energy, low processing capability, and low memory space. In order to prevent communication failure, a special kind of architecture is needed for IoT. This chapter presents a review of the basic architecture model, communication protocol of IoT, security aspects of IoT, and various IoT applications such as smart agriculture, water management, smart healthcare, smart home, smart industry, and smart vehicles.
Sharing Semantic Territorial Interpretation
Authors: Voghera Angioletta , La Riccia Luigi
Published: April 2018

This chapter explores the theme of collaborative construction of territorial knowledge through the use of ICTs, proposing a new approach to spatial representation based on semantic ontologies. The theoretical perspective is applied in a recent experimentation conducted in collaboration between the Politecnico di Torino and the Università degli Studi di Torino, called OnToMap – Community Maps 3.0. The chapter is divided into two parts. The first part aims to define the theoretical framework of collaborative mapping practices and VGI, social semantic mapping, GIScience, and Web 3.0 applications, specifying which approach to participation is assumed as conceptual background. The second part focuses on the web-based application OnToMap, which relies on a territorial ontology for encourage construction of collective and shared knowledge of places. The chapter ends with a reflection on semantic and cartographic representation of urban space and its potential in terms of citizen empowerment.
A Multi Criteria Decision Making Method for Cloud Service Selection and Ranking
Authors: Kumar Rakesh Ranjan , Kumar Chiranjeev
Published: April 2018

This article describes how with the rapid growth of cloud services in recent years, it is very difficult to choose the most suitable cloud services among those services that provide similar functionality. The quality of services (QoS) is considered the most significant factor for appropriate service selection and user satisfaction in cloud computing. However, with a vast diversity in the cloud services, selection of a suitable cloud service is a very challenging task for a customer under an unpredictable environment. Due to the multidimensional attributes of QoS, cloud service selection problems are treated as a multiple criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem. This study introduces a methodology for determining the appropriate cloud service by integrating the AHP weighing method with TOPSIS method. Using AHP, the authors define the architecture for selection process of cloud services and compute the criteria weights using pairwise comparison. Thereafter, with the TOPSIS method, the authors obtain the final ranking of the cloud service based on overall performance. A real-time cloud case study affirms the potential of our proposed methodology, when compared to other MCDM methods. Finally, a sensitivity analysis testifies the effectiveness and the robustness of our proposed methodology.
A Nonpyroptotic IFN-γ–Triggered Cell Death Mechanism in Nonphagocytic Cells Promotes Salmonella Clearance In Vivo
Authors: Ingram Justin P. , Tursi Sarah , Zhang Ting , Guo Wei , Yin Chaoran , A. Wynosky-Dolfi Meghan , van der Heijden Joris , Cai Kathy Q. , Yamamoto Masahiro , Finlay B. Brett , Brodsky Igor E. , Grivennikov Sergei I. , Tükel Çagla , Balachandran Siddharth
Published: April 2018

The cytokine IFN-γ has well-established antibacterial properties against the bacterium Salmonella enterica in phagocytes, but less is known about the effects of IFN-γ on Salmonella-infected nonphagocytic cells, such as intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and fibroblasts. In this article, we show that exposing human and murine IECs and fibroblasts to IFN-γ following infection with Salmonella triggers a novel form of cell death that is neither pyroptosis nor any of the major known forms of programmed cell death. Cell death required IFN-γ-signaling via STAT1-IRF1–mediated induction of guanylate binding proteins and the presence of live Salmonella in the cytosol. In vivo, ablating IFN-γ signaling selectively in murine IECs led to higher bacterial burden in colon contents and increased inflammation in the intestine of infected mice. Together, these results demonstrate that IFN-γ signaling triggers release of Salmonella from the Salmonella-containing vacuole into the cytosol of infected nonphagocytic cells, resulting in a form of nonpyroptotic cell death that prevents bacterial spread in the gut.
An innovative way to highlight the power of each polymorphism on elite athletes phenotype expression
Authors: Contrò Valentina , Schiera Gabriella , Abbruzzo Antonino , Bianco Antonino , Amato Alessandra , Sacco Alessia , Macchiarella Alessandra , Palma Antonio , Proia Patrizia
Published: April 2018

The purpose of this study was to determine the probability of soccer players having the best genetic background that could increase performance, evaluating the polymorphism that are considered Performance Enhancing Polymorphism (PEPs) distributed on five genes: PPARα, PPARGC1A, NRF2, ACE e CKMM. Particularly, we investigated how each polymorphism works directly or through another polymorphism to distinguish elite athletes from non-athletic population. Sixty professional soccer players (age 22.5 ± 2.2) and sixty healthy volunteers (age 21.2± 2.3) were enrolled. Samples of venous blood was used to prepare genomic DNA. The polymorphic sites were scanned using PCR-RFLP protocols with different enzyme. We used a multivariate logistic regression analysis to demonstrate an association between the five PEPs and elite phenotype. We found statistical significance in NRF2 (AG/GG genotype) polymorphism/soccer players association (p<0.05) as well as a stronger association in ACE polymorphism (p=0.02). Particularly, we noticed that the ACE ID genotype and even more the II genotype are associated with soccer player phenotype. Although the other PEPs had no statistical significance, we proved that some of these may work indirectly, amplifying the effect of another polymorphism; for example, seems that PPARα could acts on NRF2 (GG) enhancing the effect of the latter, notwithstanding it had not shown a statistical significance. In conclusion, to establish if a polymorphism can influence the performance, it is necessary to understand how they act and interact, directly and indirectly, on each other
Effects of combined endurance and resistance training in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A pilot, randomized, controlled study
Authors: Merico Antonio , Cavinato Marianna , Gregorio Caterina , Lacatena Alessandra , Gioia Elisabetta , Piccione Francesco , Angelini Corrado
Published: April 2018

Based on available evidence, muscle strengthening and cardiovascular exercises can help maintain function and not adversely affect the progression of disease in patients with ALS. However, this evidence is not sufficiently detailed to recommend a specific exercise prescription. The purpose of this project was to assess clinical outcomes of a combined exercise programme to increase knowledge of rehabilitation in ALS patients. 38 ALS patients were assigned randomly to two groups: one group underwent a specific exercise programme (ALS-EP) based on a moderate aerobic workout and isometric contractions, and the second group followed a standard neuromotor rehabilitation treatment. Objective evaluation consisted of cardiovascular measures, muscle strength and fatigue. Some positive effects of physical activity on ALS patients were found. Among the benefits, an overall improvement of functional independence in all patients, independently of the type of exercise conducted was seen. In addition, improvements in muscle power, oxygen consumption and fatigue were specifically observed in the ALS-EP group, all hallmarks of a training effect for the specific exercises. In conclusion, moderate intensity exercise is beneficial in ALS, helping in avoiding deconditioning and muscle atrophy resulting from progressive inactivity.
Exciting perspectives for Translational Myology in the Abstracts of the 2018Spring PaduaMuscleDays: Giovanni Salviati Memorial – Chapter I - Foreword
Authors: Carraro Ugo
Published: April 2018

Myologists working in Padua (Italy) were able to continue a half-century tradition of studies of skeletal muscles, that started with a research on fever, specifically if and how skeletal muscle contribute to it by burning bacterial toxin. Beside main publications in high-impact-factor journals by Padua myologists, I hope to convince readers (and myself) of the relevance of the editing Basic and Applied Myology (BAM), retitled from 2010 European Journal of Translational Myology (EJTM), of the institution of the Interdepartmental Research Center of Myology of the University of Padova (CIR-Myo), and of a long series of International Conferences organized in Euganei Hills and Padova, that is, the PaduaMuscleDays. The 2018Spring PaduaMuscleDays (2018SpPMD), were held in Euganei Hills and Padua (Italy), in March 14-17, and were dedicated to Giovanni Salviati. The main event of the “Giovanni Salviati Memorial”, was held in the Aula Guariento, Accademia Galileiana di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti of Padua to honor a beloved friend and excellent scientist 20 years after his premature passing. Using the words of Prof. Nicola Rizzuto, we all share his believe that Giovanni “will be remembered not only for his talent and originality as a biochemist, but also for his unassuming and humanistic personality, a rare quality in highly successful people like Giovanni. The best way to remember such a person is to gather pupils and colleagues, who shared with him the same scientific interests and ask them to discuss recent advances in their own fields, just as Giovanni have liked to do”. Since Giovanni’s friends sent many abstracts still influenced by their previous collaboration with him, all the Sessions of the 2018SpPMD reflect both to the research aims of Giovanni Salviati and the traditional topics of the PaduaMuscleDays, that is, basics and applications of physical, molecular and cellular strategies to maintain or recover functions of skeletal muscles. The translational researches summarized in the 2018SpPMD Abstracts are at the appropriate high level to attract approval of Ethical Committees, the interest of International Granting Agencies and approval for publication in top quality, international journals. This was true in the past, continues to be true in the present and will be true in the future. All 2018SpPMD Abstracts are indexed at the end of the Chapter IV.
‘There is no concern of prohibition against their trade’: A responsum by Rashbatz on the trade in monkeys practiced by Algerian Jews in the middle ages
Authors: Shemesh Abraham O.
Published: April 2018

The current study deals with the responsum of R. Shimon ben Zemah Duran (Rashbatz, Algeria, 15th century), a Jewish halakhic adjudicator, on the trade in monkeys practiced by Algerian Jews in the middle ages. The basis of the discussion concerning the monkey trade is an ancient prohibition of the Mishna’s sages against trading in non-kosher animals. The current study clarifies the halakhic, historical and zoological circumstances underlying the missive sent to Rashbatz. In fact, R. Shimon ben Zemah Duran permitted trading in monkeys. He bases his ruling on ancient sources in rabbinical literature and states that this is not a new issue in the economic life of Algerian Jews and that his family also dealt in the monkey trade.
Adaptation measures to sustain indigenous practices and the use of indigenous knowledge systems to adapt to climate change in Mutoko rural district of Zimbabwe
Authors: Mugambiwa Shingirai S.
Published: April 2018

This article examines adaptation measures used to sustain indigenous practices and the use of indigenous knowledge systems (IKS) to adapt to climate change in Mutoko rural district of Zimbabwe. Community-based adaptation is able to reduce the vulnerability as well as improve the resilience of the local people to climatic variability and change. Subsistence farmers have always adopted adaptive strategies to some of these changes over the years. As such, the adoption of indigenous practices will significantly help rural community members to adapt to climate change. This study employed a qualitative method and an exploratory design, and the results are derived from 30 purposively selected in-depth interviews. The study discovered that there are numerous measures used to adapt to climate change and subsequently to sustain indigenous practices. The study also found that the community no longer grows maize in large quantities, having shifted to millet and sorghum in order to adapt to climate change. The community also provided various strategies to adapt to climate change. These strategies include mulching, creating large storage houses for produce and creating temporary walls on riverbanks in order to store water when the rivers dry up. This study concludes that climate change adaptation measures employed by the community have significantly helped them to sustain their indigenous practices in many ways. Also, the use of IKS, through activities such as crop type change from maize to traditional millet and sorghum (which facilitates traditional lifestyle and activities), re-establishes the community’s indigenous practices since they are made to observe the practices of yesteryear.
A political economy analysis of decision-making on natural disaster preparedness in Kenya
Authors: Rono-Bett Karen C.
Published: April 2018

Most deaths from natural disasters occur in low- or middle-income countries; among them, countries in the Horn of Africa – where Kenya lies. Between September 2015 and September 2016, 23.4 million people in this region faced food insecurity because of the 2015 El Niño, characterised by floods and droughts. The importance of effective government decision-making on preparedness and response are critical to saving lives during such disasters. But this decision-making process occurs in a political context which is marred by uncertainty with other factors at play. Yet, good practice requires making investments on a ‘no-regrets’ basis. This article looks at the factors influencing Kenya’s decision-making process for natural disasters, the preparedness for the 2015 El Niño as a case study. I explored what stakeholders understand by ‘no-regrets investments’ and its application. I assessed financial allocations by government and donors to disaster preparedness. Based on key informant interviews, focus group discussions and financial analyses, this article presents evidence at national and subnational levels. The findings indicate that in making decisions relating to preparedness, the government seeks information primarily from sources it trusts – other government departments, its communities and the media. With no existing legal frameworks guiding Kenya’s disaster preparedness, the coordination of preparedness is not strong. It appears that there is a lack of political will to prioritise these frameworks. The no-regrets approach is applied predominantly by non-state actors. Because there have been ‘non-events’ in the past, government has become overcautious in committing resources on a no-regrets basis. Government allocation to preparedness exceeds donor funding by almost tenfold.
Business rescue decision-making: Post-mortem evaluation of an ‘orgy’
Authors: Pretorius Marius
Published: April 2018

Background: Sensemaking of the extreme vagaries and external considerations that influence decision-making and judgement during business rescue events (BREs) are currently sparse but details about evaluation criteria are desperately needed.Aim: Learning from and applying post-mortem analysis (PMA) is investigated to propose an evaluation framework. Setting: Following the problems by and expectations of the Regulator to ‘govern’ the business rescue (BR) industry, a recent decision to decentralise the accreditation of business rescue practitioners (BRPs) changed the landscape significantly. Methods: From literature and interviews, the study identified seven interactive evaluation criteria from PMA thinking to be included in a conceptual framework. Results: Following the determination of the contextual difficulty evaluation, the measurement criteria included: taking management control, initial feasibility judgement, viability analysis, decision-making, BRP competencies, the rescue plan and compliance within the supreme task. One mediating factor, namely the BRP dominated. Secondly, the evaluation process can be costly to ensure validity of the data, collection and evaluators. Finally, BRE evaluators (executors/decision makers) require a high level understanding of contextual issues that may disproportionately influence an evaluation. Expert and master level competencies are required to inform the proper judgement of the evaluation criteria and variables. Conclusion: The study addresses educators’ need for a framework for PMA to guide the teaching of BRP competencies, direct the regulatory authorities (and professional bodies) accreditation framework for licensing BRPs, inform banks as creditors to enhance their information systems, advise upcoming BRPs on outcomes while courts may consider the framework as useful for judging issues.
Del retrato de familia a la fotografía de perfil. Usos de la fotografía en la red social Facebook
Authors: Visa Barbosa Mariona , Serés Seuma Teresa , Soto Merola Joana
Published: April 2018

Este articulo realiza un estudio de 200 perfiles de Facebook de personas adultas con la finalidad de conocer cuáles son las fotografías más utilizadas para la conformación de la imagen del perfil y qué herramientas utilizan los usuarios que ya han dejado atrás la adolescencia para reforzar su identidad en esta red social. Metodología: Las fotografías seleccionadas se analizan a través de un análisis de contenido cualitativo desde el punto de vista compositivo, descriptivo y tecnológico. Resultados y conclusiones: Los resultados muestran como las fotografías analizadas, que son utilizadas para la presentación pública a través de Facebook, tienen una función comunicativa y de auto representación del propio usuario. La mayor parte de ellas conservan cierta formalidad y presentan a la persona en una esfera pública a la vez que muestran como los usuarios dejan de definirse a través del vínculo con instituciones tradicionales para hacerlo a través de su individualidad y las aficiones personales.
Prospective open-label evaluation of long-term low-dose doxycycline for difficult-to-treat chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Authors: Pinto Bezerra Soter A.C. , Bezerra T.F. , Pezato R. , Teles Abdo T.R. , Pilan R.M. , Pinna F.R. , Gevaert P. , van Zele T. , Bachert C. , Voegels R.L.
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to assess clinical outcomes of long-term low-dose oral doxycycline therapy in difficult-to-treat chronic rhinosinusitis with polyps (CRSwNP). METHODS: This was a prospective, open-label study of 60 patients with difficult-to-treat CRSwNP who had undergone endoscopic sinus surgery. Patients were divided into two groups: 28 received nasal steroids, saline irrigation, and doxycycline (200 mg on the first day, followed by 100 mg once daily) for 12 weeks, while 30 received only nasal steroids and saline irrigation. The main outcome measure was an adequate effect size of doxycycline treatment on clinically meaningful significant improvement of SNOT-20. Other outcome measures were the SNOT-20, NOSE, and Lund-Kennedy scores. The following parameters were also analyzed: asthma, rhinitis, non-steroidal-exacerbated respiratory disease (NERD), and baseline serum IgG, IgA, IgE, IgM, ANCA, and eosinophil count. RESULTS: There was an adequate effect size of doxycycline treatment on clinically meaningful significant improvement of SNOT-20. Patients who received doxycycline also had significantly better outcomes regarding SNOT-20, NOSE, and Lund-Kennedy scores. There was a negative association among a clinically significant improvement of SNOT-20 and presence of asthma, NERD, and elevated serum IgE levels before treatment. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that doxycycline may have a beneficial role for CRSwNP patients, especially for patients without asthma, NERD or high levels of serum IgE before treatment.
The effect of endoscopic sinus surgery on quality of life and absenteeism in patients with chronic rhinosinuitis - a multi-centre study
Authors: Sahlstrand-Johnson P. , Hopkins C. , Ohlsson B. , Ahlner-Elmqvist M.
Published: April 2018

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyps (CRSw/sNP) are common conditions decreasing health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Individual symptoms capable of predicting outcome after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) are poorly defined, and the indirect costs of CRS is rarely reported in Europe. Methodology: Patients with CRSw/sNP admitted for ESS were prospectively enrolled. Patients completed the 22 Sinonasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22), the short-form 36-item questionnaire (SF-36), a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and reported CRS-related absenteeism pre- and post-operatively. Results: 181 patients were included. The SNOT-22 score diminished from 51.8 (48.7-55.0) pre-operatively to 33.0 (29.2-36.8) at 6 months. 64% achieved a clinically important improvement in the SNOT-22. SF-36 scores improved statistically significantly in all domains except Role Emotional. The VAS score halved from 68 (65-71) to 34 (29-39) at 6 months post-operatively. A pre-operative SNOT-22 score over 20 implied a greater chance of score improvement after 6 months. A multivariate model identified individual items associated with SNOT-22. Further, patients that had lees than 12 months of sinus disease derived greatest benefit. CRS-related absenteeism dropped from 8-14 days to 1-7 days 12 months after ESS. Conclusions: This prospective study showed that ESS significantly improved the HRQOL and decreased absenteeism of patients with CRSw/sNP. Shorter duration of disease and Need to blow nose and Blockage/congestion of nose of SNOT-22 were identified as predictive factors for good surgical outcome.
A New Corrosion Mechanism for X100 Pipeline Steel Under Oil-Covered Chloride Droplets
Authors: Liang Hongxing , Liu Jing , Schaller Rebecca Filardo , Asselin Edouard
Published: April 2018

A 1.7 mM NaCl droplet on X100 pipeline steel covered by paraffin oil is used to simulate the corrosive environment encountered in heavy oil or bitumen pipelines. The development of corrosion under the droplet was monitored and explored in two stages. In the initial stage (1 h), the distribution of corrosion pits was heterogeneous with one area under the droplet presenting a higher pit density. As the corrosion proceeded (24 h), the localized corrosion in the area under the droplet with the higher pit density switched to general corrosion, while the other region of the droplet continued to pit. The mechanisms driving this new distinctive corrosion form developed beneath an underoil droplet are explained.
Enhancements of Airborne Particulate Arsenic over the Subtropical Free Troposphere in the Springtime: Impact by South Asian Biomass Burning
Authors: Lin Yu-Chi , Hsu Shih-Chieh , Lin Chuan-Yao , Lin Shuen-Hsin , Huang Yi-Tang , Chang Yunhua , Zhang Yan-Lin
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Arsenic (As) has long been recognized as a toxic element of mainly anthropogenic origins, having adverse effects on human health. However, there is insufficient understanding regarding As released into atmosphere from biomass burning (BB). To this end, daily airborne As concentrations in total particulate matter (TSP) were determined at Mount Hehuan (24.16° N, 121.29° E, 3001 m a.s.l.), Taiwan from September 2011 to September 2012. During the sampling period, As concentrations varied from 0.02 to 5.9 ng m−3, with a mean value of 0.5 ± 1.0 ng m−3. Significant seasonality of As was found over the subtropical free troposphere, with a maximum concentration in the springtime. Based on backward trajectory analyses and WRF-Chem model simulations, we found the high As concentrations during the spring period were attributed to the biomass burning activities over South (S) Asia where ground water, soil and crops are severely contaminated by arsenic. A good correlation (r = 0.73 p  0.2) were also observed, indicating that burning crops contaminated by lead arsenate could be a crucial candidate for extremely high As concentrations at Mount Hehuan. Finally, the net influence of BB activities on airborne As concentrations has been simply estimated by comparing the differences of As concentrations between BB and non-BB days. The result showed, on average, the contribution of BB activities over S Asia to airborne As was approximately 1.0 ng m−3, which accounted 63 % for total airborne As concentrations in the springtime. Moreover, a ratio of ΔAs/ΔCO (~ 0.00001) in the S Asian BB events was obtained. Using this value, arsenic emissions from S Asian BB activities were estimated to be 0.17 tons yr−1, causing extremely high airborne As concentrations over the subtropical free troposphere, and impacted As cycles on a regional scale.
Differentiating between particle formation and growth events in an urban environment
Authors: Pushpawela Buddhi , Jayaratne Rohan , Morawska Lidia
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Small aerosols at a given location in the atmosphere often originate in-situ from new particle formation (NPF). However, they can also be produced and then transported from a distant location to the point of observation where they may continue to grow to larger sizes. This study was carried out in the subtropical urban environment of Brisbane, Australia, in order to assess the relative occurrence frequencies of NPF events and particle growth events with no NPF. We used a neutral cluster and air ion spectrometer (NAIS) to monitor particles and ions in the size range 2–42 nm on 485 days, and identified 236 NPF events on 213 days. The majority of these events (37 %) occurred during the daylight hours with just 10 % at night. However, the NAIS also showed particle growth with no NPF on many nights (28 %). Using a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS), we showed that particle growth continued at larger sizes and occurred on 70 % of nights, typically under high relative humidities. Most particles in the air, especially near coastal locations, contain hygroscopic salts such as sodium chloride that may exhibit deliquescence when the relative humidity exceeds about 75 %. The growth rates of particles at night often exceeded the rates observed during NPF events. Although most of these night time growth events were preceded by daytime NPF events, the latter was not a prerequisite for growth. We conclude that particle growth in the atmosphere can be easily misidentified as NPF, especially when they are monitored by an instrument that cannot detect them at the very small sizes.
LPJmL4 – a dynamic global vegetation model with managed land – Part 2: Model evaluation
Authors: Schaphoff Sibyll , Forkel Matthias , Müller Christoph , Knauer Jürgen , von Bloh Werner , Gerten Dieter , Jägermeyr Jonas , Lucht Wolfgang , Rammig Anja , Thonicke Kirsten , Waha Katharina
Published: April 2018

Abstract. The dynamic global vegetation model LPJmL4 is a process-based model that simulates climate and land use change impacts on the terrestrial biosphere, agricultural production, and the water and carbon cycle. Different versions of the model have been developed and applied to evaluate the role of natural and managed ecosystems in the Earth system and the potential impacts of global environmental change. A comprehensive model description of the new model version, LPJmL4, is provided in a companion paper (Schaphoff et al., 2018c). Here, we provide a full picture of the model performance, going beyond standard benchmark procedures and give hints on the strengths and shortcomings of the model to identify the need for further model improvement. Specifically, we evaluate LPJmL4 against various datasets from in situ measurement sites, satellite observations, and agricultural yield statistics. We apply a range of metrics to evaluate the quality of the model to simulate stocks and flows of carbon and water in natural and managed ecosystems at different temporal and spatial scales. We show that an advanced phenology scheme improves the simulation of seasonal fluctuations in the atmospheric CO2 concentration, while the permafrost scheme improves estimates of carbon stocks. The full LPJmL4 code including the new developments will be supplied open source through https://gitlab.pik-potsdam.de/lpjml/LPJmL. We hope that this will lead to new model developments and applications that improve the model performance and possibly build up a new understanding of the terrestrial biosphere.
Sociedades de responsabilidad limitada calificables y sociedades participadas: una aproximación a su cuantificación
Authors: Bel Durán Paloma , Lejarriaga Pérez de las Vacas Gustavo
Published: April 2018

El presente artículo se basa en el proyecto de investigación de título “Estudio del concepto de sociedad participada a partir de las sociedades laborales no calificadas” realizado conjuntamente entre la Escuela de Estudios Cooperativos de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid y la Confederación de Sociedades Laborales (CONFESAL) al amparo la Orden ESS/1338/2013 del Ministerio de Empleo y Seguridad Social (Dirección General del Trabajo Autónomo, de la Economía Social y de la Responsabilidad Social de las Empresas) en su convocatoria del año 2016 . El objetivo básico del proyecto, cuyos resultados se reflejan en este artículo, es ofrecer una aproximación cuantitativa de las sociedades participadas que hay en España a partir del concepto de sociedad laboral “no calificada”, partiendo de un trabajo de campo realizado en gran parte del territorio español sobre sociedades de responsabilidad limitada activas y de nueva creación.
Incidencia de las empresas multinacionales y representación sindical en países emergentes. El caso de sus filiales en Argentina
Authors: Delfini Marcelo , Erbes Analía , Montes Cató Juan , Roitter Sonia
Published: April 2018

Por su poder económico y su importancia en las economías receptoras, las empresas multinacionales son capaces de imponer a través de sus filiales prácticas específicas hacia los sindicatos. Dada su relevancia en la estructura productiva argentina, con su análisis es posible comprender gran parte de las estrategias empresarias hacia los sindicatos. En este marco, el artículo se propone: i) determinar los niveles de penetración sindicales en las EMN instaladas en Argentina, y ii) establecer relaciones entre esos niveles de penetración y diferentes factores que permitan explicar la existencia de lógicas de representación diferenciales. Así, mientras que los aspectos estructurales condicionan los niveles de penetración alcanzados, las características de la gestión de la fuerza de trabajo tienen un impacto más limitado.
Dysfunctional voiding: Challenges of disease transition from childhood to adulthood
Authors: Morin Fannie , Akhavizadegan Hamed , Kavanagh Alex , Moore Katherine
Published: April 2018

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Varicocele
Authors: Afshar Kouroush , Domes Trustin
Published: April 2018

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Contemporary issues relating to transitional care in bladder exstrophy
Authors: O’Kelly Fardod , Keefe Daniel , Herschorn Sender , Lorenzo Armando J.
Published: April 2018

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Effect of Special Cognitive-Behavioral Intervention on Commitment to Exercise and Mental Health
Authors: Derakhshanpour Ahmad , VaezMousavi Mohammad , Taheri Hamid Reza
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND: Although most people are aware of the advantages of physical exercise, they have failed to commit to it. This forms justification for this intervention.OBJECTIVES: In this study, the effect of special cognitive-behavioral intervention on commitment to exercise and mental health in adults was investigated by controlling the role of the commitment-to-exercise variable.METHODS: The statistical population for this study comprised 635 employees with over 10 years’ professional experience: 235 were selected from amongst these. Thereafter, 80 employees were randomly assigned to two groups—experimental and control—of 40 each. The experimental group was trained for four months in fourteen sessions for using cognitive-behavioral therapy. To collect data, a commitment-to-exercise and mental health questionnaire was used.RESULTS: When the effect of the pretest variable on the dependent variable was adjusted, it was observed that there is a significant difference (p < 0.01) between the means of the scores for commitment and mental health. The covariance test revealed that the difference in the mental health of the experimental and control groups after controlling the effects of commitment to exercise was not significant (p < 0.05).CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that commitment to exercises can be improved in individuals by using the aforementioned cognitive-behavioral protocol. Furthermore, using the mediating role of commitment to exercise improves mental health. Therefore, counselors and therapists can use the cognitive-behavioral intervention protocol to improve the commitment to exercise and the mental health of individuals.
De aanwijzing aan de vereffenaar op grond van artikel 4:210 lid 1 BW
Authors: Baetens S.R.
Published: April 2018

De aanwijzing aan de vereffenaar op grond van artikel 4:210 lid 1 BW

Op grond van artikel 4:210 BW kan de kantonrechter of benoemde rechter-commissaris aan de vereffenaar aanwijzingen geven, die deze dient op te volgen. In de praktijk wordt nog tamelijk weinig gebruik gemaakt van de mogelijkheid de kantonrechter om een aanwijzing of instructie voor de vereffenaar te verzoeken. In dit artikel gaat de auteur in op de mogelijkheden van artikel 4:210 BW voor de kantonrechter, de vereffenaar en de belanghebbenden. Daarbij wordt aandacht besteed aan de ambtshalve aanwijzing, de vraag wie in welke situaties om een aanwijzing aan de vereffenaar kan verzoeken, en wat de status van die aanwijzing is. Voorts wordt ingegaan op de procedurele aspecten van het verzoek om een aanwijzing.
Vergeving bij onwaardigheid
Authors: de Vries M.
Published: April 2018

Vergeving bij onwaardigheid

In deze bijdrage wordt de balans opgemaakt van vijftien jaar ondubbelzinnige vergeving in het erfrecht. Ondubbelzinnige vergeving moet volgens de wetgever niet te lichtvaardig worden aangenomen. Een enkel stilzitten na kennisneming van de grond der onwaardigheid is bijvoorbeeld onvoldoende. Ondubbelzinnig betekent echter niet dat de vergeving expliciet moet geschieden. De vergeving kan ook worden afgeleid uit gedragingen of verklaringen van de erflater. Hierbij valt te denken aan het uitspreken van de wens tot hereniging of de benoeming van de onwaardige tot erfgenaam. Is voor de notaris niet duidelijk of sprake is van vergeving, dan is het advies aan te sturen op de benoeming van een vereffenaar.