bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Foreign object debris detection in lane images using deep learning methodology
Authors: S. Priyadharsini , K. Bhuvaneshwara Raja , T. Kousi Krishnan , Jagatheesaperumal Senthil Kumar , Alkhamees Bader Fahad , Hassan Mohammad Mehedi
Published: January 2025

Background

Foreign object debris (FOD) is an unwanted substance that damages vehicular systems, most commonly the wheels of vehicles. In airport runways, these foreign objects can damage the wheels or internal systems of planes, potentially leading to flight crashes. Surveys indicate that FOD-related damage costs over $4 billion annually, affecting airlines, airport tenants, and passengers. Current FOD clearance involves high-cost radars and significant manpower, and existing radar and camera-based surveillance methods are expensive to install.

Methods

This work proposes a video-based deep learning methodology to address the high cost of radar-based FOD detection. The proposed system consists of two modules for FOD detection: object classification and object localization. The classification module categorizes FOD into specific types of foreign objects. In the object localization module, these classified objects are pinpointed in video frames.

Results

The proposed system was experimentally tested with a large video dataset and compared with existing methods. The results demonstrated improved accuracy and robustness, allowing the FOD clearance team to quickly detect and remove foreign objects, thereby enhancing the safety and efficiency of airport runway operations.
Three-dimensional analysis of facial morphology in nine-year-old children with different unilateral orofacial clefts compared to normative data
Authors: Crins-de Koning Marjolein , Bruggink Robin , Nienhuijs Marloes , Wagner Till , Bronkhorst Ewald M. , Ongkosuwito Edwin M.
Published: January 2025

Aim

To compare three-dimensional (3D) facial morphology of various unilateral cleft subphenotypes at 9-years of age to normative data using a general face template and automatic landmarking. The secondary objective is to compare facial morphology of 9-year-old children with unilateral fusion to differentiation defects.

Methods

3D facial stereophotogrammetric images of 9-year-old unilateral cleft patients were imported into 3DMedX® for processing. All images of patients with a right sided cleft were mirrored. A regionalized general facial template was used for standardization. This template was pre-aligned to each face using five automatically determined landmarks and fitted using MeshMonk. All cleft patients were compared to an age-and gender matched normative face using distance maps and inter-surface distances (mm). Average faces were created for five groups (unilateral cleft lip, alveolus, and/or palate (UCL/A/P), fusion and differentiation defects). The selected regions for the evaluation of facial morphology were: complete face, nose, upper lip, lower lip, chin, forehead, and cheeks.

Results

A total of 86 consecutive 3D-stereophotogrammetry images were acquired for examination. No statistically significant differences were observed among the UCL, UCLA, and UCLP groups for the complete face, cheeks, chin, forehead, lower lip, and nose. However, in the upper lip region a significant difference was observed between the UCLP and UCL groups (P = 0.004, CI [−2.93 to −0.48]). Further visual examination of the distance maps indicated that more severe clefts corresponded to increased retrusion in the midface and the tip of the nose, though these differences were not statistically significant across groups. For fusion vs differentiation defects, no statistically significant differences were observed, neither for the complete face nor for any of the individual regions.

Conclusion

The findings demonstrate statistically significant differences in the upper lip region between children with UCL and those with UCLP, particularly with greater upper lip retrusion in the UCLP group. The use of color-coded distance maps revealed local variations and a trend of asymmetry in the nasal region, with increasing retrusion of the nose tip, upper lip, and cheeks correlating with the severity of the cleft. Although these trends were not statistically significant, they suggest a progressive facial retrusion pattern as cleft severity increases. For the secondary objective, no statistical differences were found between the facial morphology of children with fusion and differentiation defects, although a similar progression of maxillary retrusion was observed in the distance maps.
Controlled temperature contrasts of three native and one highly invasive annual plant species in California
Authors: Zuliani Mario , Haas-Desmarais Stephanie , Brussa Laura , Cunsolo Jessica , Zuliani Angela , Lortie Christopher J.
Published: January 2025

Plant responses to changes in temperature can be a key factor in predicting the presence and managing invasive plant species while conserving resident native plant species in dryland ecosystems. Climate can influence germination, establishment, and seedling biomass of both native and invasive plant species. We tested the hypothesis that common and widely distributed native and an invasive plant species in dryland ecosystems in California respond differently to increasing temperatures. To test this, we examined the effects of temperature variation on germination, establishment, and per capita seedling biomass of three native and one invasive plant species (Bromus rubens) in independent 6 week growth trial experiments in a controlled greenhouse. Higher relative temperatures reduced the germination and establishment of the tested invasive species and two tested native species, however, per capita biomass was not significantly affected. Specifically, germination and establishment of the invasive species B. rubens and the native species Phacelia tanacetifolia was significantly reduced. This invasive species can often outcompete natives, but increasing temperature could potentially shift the balance between the germination and establishment of natives. A warming climate will likely have negative impacts on native annual plant species in California tested here because increasing temperatures can co-occur with drought. This study shows that our tested native annual plant species tested here have some resilience to relatively significant increases in temperature, and this can favor at least one native species relative to at least one highly noxious invasive plant species.
A nociceptor-specific RNAi screen in Drosophila larvae identifies RNA-binding proteins that regulate thermal nociception
Authors: Dyson Amber , Gajjar Gita , Hoffman Katherine C. , Lewis Dakota , Palega Sara , Rangel Silva Erik , Auwn James , Bellemer Andrew
Published: January 2025

Nociception is the process by which sensory neurons detect and encode potentially harmful environmental stimuli to generate behavioral responses. Nociceptor neurons exhibit plasticity in which their sensitivity to noxious stimuli and subsequent ability to drive behavior may be altered by environmental conditions, injury, infection, and inflammation. In some cases, nociceptor sensitization requires regulated changes in gene expression, and recent studies have indicated roles for post-transcriptional mechanisms in regulating these changes as an aspect of nociceptor plasticity. The larvae of Drosophila melanogaster have been developed as a powerful model for studying mechanisms of nociception, nociceptor plasticity, and nociceptor development. Diverse RNA-binding proteins regulate the development and morphology of larval nociceptors, implying important roles for post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in these neurons, but the importance of these mechanisms for nociceptive behavior has not been investigated systematically. In this study, we conducted a nociceptor-specific RNAi screen of 112 candidate RNA-binding protein genes to identify those that are required for normal sensitivity to noxious thermal stimuli. The screen and subsequent validation experiments identified nine candidate genes (eIF2α, eIF4A, eIF4AIII, eIF4G2, mbl, SC35, snf, Larp4B and CG10445) that produce defects in nociceptive response latency when knocked down in larval nociceptors. Some of the genes identified have well-understood roles in the regulation of translation initiation and regulation of nociceptor sensitization in vertebrate and invertebrate animal models, suggesting an evolutionarily conserved role for these mechanisms in regulating nociceptor sensitivity. Other screen isolates have previously described roles in regulating nociceptor morphology and mRNA processing, but less clear roles in regulating nociceptor function. Further studies will be necessary to identify the mechanisms by which the identified RNA-binding proteins regulate sensory neuron function and the identities of the mRNAs that they target.
AGAINST BEING BLUDGEONED: Discovering Apotropaic Function in William Rowe’s Collected Poems
Authors: Adair Gilbert
Published: January 2025

William Rowe’s work as a poet in his own right led to the publication of Working the Signs in 1992—and then nothing until a flurry of six books, 2009 – 2016. The article proposes death, both personal and large-scale political, as a constant concern, but that the strategy changed between 1992 and 2009 from leftist witness of Latin American devastations to radical interventionist in search of protective measures against neoliberalism globally triumphant. The first four sections deal with the later books’ devisings of aesthetic strategies to ward off despair in the clear-eyed face of police violence, an everyday environment captured and neutralized for political spectacle and informal sacrifice, and sedimentings of gender enmities. Focus then shifts to Working the Signs, a product of Rowe’s fieldwork in Mexico and Peru, and its concern with the (non)-disappearance of the dead; brief accounts are included of precursor texts by Pablo Neruda and D.H. Lawrence. Finally, attention turns to the last book of his own poems Rowe has (so far) published, Death Purge, via a search for models of visionary poetic mimesis in César Vallejo, Raúl Zurita, and Rob Halpern. Rowe’s overall apotropaic strategy is given as comprising a) an insistence on articulating political realities his readers risk taking for granted; b) a constant readiness to turn to exploratory advantage possible Badiouian “events” (e.g. the multi-city riots in Britain, 2011); and c) the occasional shameless reaching for moments of delicate aesthetic delight.
Seeing, against fascism. Verity Spott’s Hopelessness
Authors: Rowe William
Published: January 2025

Verity Spott (1987) has expanded the possibilities of radical poetry in the UK. Her main works to date are Gideon (Barque Press, 2014), Click Away Close Door Say (Contraband Books, 2017), Hopelessness (The 87 Press, 2020), Prayers, Manifestos, Bravery (Pilot Press, 2020), The North Road Songbook (Pilot Press, 2024). This article seeks to show how Hopelessness thinks through the connections between psychic pain and the political without following the customary pathways which privilege and fetishize trauma. I propose that in language and form Hopelessness pushes against positivistic denial of psychosis as a mode of experience, experience whose validity the dominant language and culture disallow.

I see it as a book that makes its way through despair—understood as a response to the current destructiveness of social forces, of which fascist fantasy is a major part—by dismantling re-envisioning what is supposed to be reality. There is humour and satire in Verity Spott’s mode of proceeding and, above all, the force of poetic thought.
Desenvolvimento e integração de sistemas de monitoramento e controle utilizando LabVIEW e Arduino
Authors: Queiroz Charlene Souza de , Martins Juliana Fernandes , Sá Marcia dos Santos de , Vieira Nayra Antônia da Silva , Oliveira Jozias Parente de , Cisneros Edry Antonio Garcia , Gomes Raimundo Cláudio Souza , Torné Israel Gondres
Published: January 2025

Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de várias aplicações em LabVIEW que abordam diferentes soluções práticas, como a conversão de temperatura de Celsius para Fahrenheit, a verificação automática do nível de um tanque, a medição de frequência e amplitude de sinais elétricos, e o monitoramento de temperatura e umidade utilizando um sensor DHT. Além disso, foram desenvolvidos sistemas para a detecção de luminosidade e o controle de um semáforo. O LabVIEW foi utilizado para criar interfaces gráficas intuitivas e implementar a lógica de controle, enquanto o Arduino forneceu a interface de hardware para sensores e atuadores. Os resultados demonstram a eficácia e precisão das soluções desenvolvidas, destacando a capacidade do LabVIEW de simular e controlar processos sem a necessidade de hardware adicional, assim como sua integração eficiente com plataformas de hardware, como o Arduino, possibilitando o controle e monitoramento de sistemas físicos em tempo real.
O diálogo competitivo e a propriedade intelectual: análise da proteção à propriedade intelectual criada no âmbito da fase de diálogos da nova modalidade licitatória da Lei n. 14.133/2021
Authors: Bessa Sintique Judá Pompeu , Santos Rosa Maria Nascimento dos , Corrêa de Oliveira Raimundo , Kieling Antônio Cláudio , Barboza Ricardo da Silva
Published: January 2025

A nova lei de licitações n. 14.133 de 2021 criou modalidade inédita de licitação denominada Diálogo Competitivo, que possibilita a criação de produtos inovadores no âmbito da contratação pública mediante um diálogo com os licitantes e a construção de soluções ainda inexistentes. Por ser uma modalidade nova no direito brasileiro e por contemplar várias empresas com propostas de inovação sobre um mesmo objeto, muitas questões relacionadas à segurança da propriedade intelectual e sua transferência podem dificultar sua utilização e gerar receio de participação pelas empresas. O presente artigo tem como escopo analisar a proteção da propriedade intelectual criada no âmbito da fase de diálogos da nova modalidade de licitação Diálogo Competitivo e as implicações na aplicação das leis de proteção à propriedade intelectual. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa de natureza bibliográfica e documental, de abordagem qualitativa e objetivo explicativo. Concluiu-se que o principal fator de proteção à propriedade intelectual criada é o sigilo das informações consideradas confidenciais e de valor comercial.
Análise de empresas de autoarmazenagem (self storage) no Brasil: evidências de múltiplos estudos de caso
Authors: Siqueira Maria Luiza Sousa Forzan , Ferreira Karine Araujo , Silva Bárbara Maria Gomes e
Published: January 2025

O self storage é um espaço de autoarmazenagem destinado à colocação de bens ou produtos seja de uso pessoal ou empresarial. Dessa forma, um cliente pode alugar uma unidade de armazenamento de tamanho apropriado a sua necessidade por um ou vários meses. Apesar das empresas de self storage já atuarem no Brasil há algum tempo, muitas delas são emergentes e muitas pessoas desconhecem a sua forma de atuação. Neste sentido, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar a aplicação do self storage no Brasil, no intuito de verificar as principais características e motivação para adoção deste tipo de armazenagem no país. Para tanto, o método de pesquisa adotado é o estudo múltiplo, onde foram entrevistados os gestores de 11 self storages localizados nas diferentes regiões do país. Dentre os principais motivos para adoção de um self storage citados pelos clientes, foram destacados: a mudança de casa; empresas que necessitam de espaço adicional; acúmulo excessivo; armazenamento de objetos pessoais; dentre outros. As vantagens do negócio, tais como: bom retorno financeiro, alta demanda em tempos de crise, o baixo custo de construção em relação aos outros empreendimentos, grande capitalização e grandes períodos de supervalorização foram evidenciadas pelos entrevistados. Apesar disso, alguns desafios enfrentados pelas empresas também foram destacados, tais como: a falta de conhecimento da população sobre o empreendimento; falta de regulamentação; falta de profissionais capacitados; inadimplência e localização do empreendimento. Por fim, é possível destacar que avaliando as vantagens e desafios, a maioria dos entrevistados considera o self storage como um investimento promissor.
Qualidade da água destinada ao consumo humano frente a caracterização do entorno de poços artesianos localizados em áreas rurais de um município da região noroeste do estado do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Schultz Adriane Marisa Burchardt , Colet Christiane de Fátima , Carbonera Roberto , Fachinetto Juliana Maria
Published: January 2025

O comprometimento da qualidade da água para fins de consumo humano em territórios rurais ocorre pelo uso e ocupação do solo nas áreas adjacentes às nascentes/poços, por meio de atividades agrícolas e de pecuária e proteção sanitária inadequada. Neste contexto, esta pesquisa verificou o entorno dos poços artesianos localizados em áreas rurais de um município de pequeno porte da região Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul e sua influência na qualidade da água. Realizou-se a visita in loco aos 32 poços artesianos das comunidades rurais, registros fotográficos, identificação dos pontos críticos do entorno dos poços e análise dos resultados da qualidade da água, registrados pelo município. Verificou-se intervenções antrópicas nas proximidades de todos os poços, sobretudo atividades agrícolas e de pecuária. Ainda, constatou-se a presença de residências e estabelecimentos, a menos de 100 metros de distância dos poços artesianos e cemitério, a aproximadamente 150 metros de um dos poços. Foi identificada a inexistência de cercados em seis poços artesianos e condições de precariedade dos cercados se apresentaram em outros seis. A profundidade dos poços varia entre 98 a 190 metros, o que pode estar associado aos resultados favoráveis, quanto aos parâmetros físico-químicos. Em relação aos parâmetros coliformes totais e Escherichia coli, sua presença é mais recorrente, indicando a vulnerabilidade das águas subterrâneas aos contaminantes. Diante disso, o entorno dos poços artesianos necessita ações que impeçam ou restrinjam o uso e ocupação do solo e a proteção ao perímetro imediato dos mesmos.
Inovação aberta e o desenvolvimento de cidades inteligentes: um estudo sobre as iniciativas de inovação aberta no município de Colatina-ES
Authors: Costa Brenno Ferreira Leal , Campos Adriana Fiorotti , Pagel Uonis Raasch , Souza Victor Hugo Alves de , Carolino Jaqueline , Cruz Andrea Borges de Souza
Published: January 2025

O desenvolvimento de cidades inteligentes tem se consolidado como uma resposta global aos desafios da urbanização e à crescente demanda por serviços públicos mais eficientes e sustentáveis. Este estudo objetiva compreender o papel da inovação aberta nesse contexto, explorando como essa abordagem pode contribuir para impulsionar Colatina rumo ao status de cidade inteligente. Para isso, o trabalho conceitua inovação aberta, investiga sua aplicabilidade e analisa iniciativas locais que promovam a colaboração entre agentes públicos e privados. A metodologia adotada incluiu uma revisão bibliográfica sobre inovação aberta e cidades inteligentes, complementada pela análise de dados secundários relacionados a Colatina e outras cidades do Espírito Santo que já implementam práticas de inovação aberta. O foco da pesquisa recaiu sobre iniciativas locais, como o programa ‘InovaLab - Edição Colatina’ e o projeto ‘Colatina CHICS’, além de examinar experiências em cidades capixabas como Vitória e Serra. Os principais resultados revelam que, embora Colatina ainda não seja oficialmente reconhecida como uma cidade inteligente, já apresenta iniciativas alinhadas aos princípios de inovação aberta, especialmente por meio de parcerias público-privadas e editais de fomento. Contudo, a consolidação e avaliação da efetividade dessas práticas ainda dependem de resultados mais concretos e sustentáveis. Conclui-se que a inovação aberta desponta como uma ferramenta estratégica para o desenvolvimento urbano de Colatina, promovendo maior eficiência nos serviços públicos e incentivando a colaboração entre diferentes atores sociais e econômicos.
Impactos da modernização da iluminação pública com LEDs em Muniz Freire-ES: eficiência energética no contexto de cidades inteligentes
Authors: Paula Rafael de Souza , Campos Adriana Fiorotti , Pagel Uonis Raasch , Carolino Jaqueline , Cruz Andrea Borges de Souza
Published: January 2025

O presente estudo examina a modernização parcial do sistema de iluminação pública do município de Muniz Freire, no estado do Espírito Santo, que envolveu a substituição de 43% das luminárias convencionais por modelos LED. Essa iniciativa visa reduzir custos e melhorar a eficiência energética, inserindo o município no conceito de cidades inteligentes. O objetivo do trabalho é avaliar os impactos econômicos e energéticos da modernização parcial e projetar os benefícios de uma substituição completa. Utilizando uma metodologia quantitativa, o estudo faz a coleta de dados sobre consumo de energia e custos, e projeta as economias resultantes da modernização total. A análise financeira considera o tempo de retorno do investimento (payback) e os impactos financeiros, evidenciando uma economia anual significativa. A substituição de 100% das luminárias convencionais por LEDs é projetada para gerar uma economia anual de R$ 379.333,77, com o retorno do investimento em aproximadamente três anos. Este trabalho contribui para o desenvolvimento sustentável de Muniz Freire, servindo como base para decisões futuras sobre políticas públicas de eficiência energética.
Indicadores de desempenho na gestão de falhas num processo produtivo em Manaus
Authors: Magalhanes Franklin Nobre , Torné Israel Gondres , Printes André Luiz , Cisneros Edry Antonio Garcia , Sánchez Jorge Alejandro Gondres
Published: January 2025

Os indicadores de desempenho são medidas ou dados numéricos estabelecidos para monitorar e melhorar os processos, sendo utilizados pelas gerências das empresas. Através desses indicadores, é possível realizar uma avaliação objetiva dos resultados das práticas implementadas. Eles são geralmente aplicados para quantificar defeitos, falhas ou não conformidades quando o desempenho não é satisfatório, permitindo a aplicação de ações corretivas que visam sua melhoria. Neste trabalho, são apresentados os resultados de um estudo realizado em uma empresa do Polo Industrial de Manaus. Como resultado de ações conjuntas entre a diretoria e a equipe de manutenção, foi possível identificar falhas, defeitos e/ou não conformidades no processo de pintura dos produtos fabricados pela empresa. Consequentemente, foram desenvolvidas ações que possibilitaram a redução desses problemas. Com o desenvolvimento do trabalho, os objetivos propostos foram alcançados, resultando na melhoria do processo produtivo. Houve uma redução na necessidade de repintura nas cabines de pintura, além de uma diminuição na rejeição de peças devido à contaminação por água. Foi implementado um sistema de insuflamento que eliminou completamente os defeitos causados por essa contaminação, melhorando o desempenho da cadeia produtiva e reduzindo os custos para a empresa.
Transparência nas relações das cadeias de alimentos intermediadas por contratos inteligentes: negócios sustentáveis
Authors: Machado Sivanilza Teixeira , Moori Roberto Giro , Reis João Gilberto Mendes dos , Santos Rodrigo Couto , Silva Marcos Vinícius da , Silva Adriano Maniçoba da
Published: January 2025

A tecnologia blockchain (TB) é uma solução real e viável para tornar as relações empresariais mais transparentes. Neste sentido, analisou-se 27 empresas do setor de alimentos que utilizam ou tem a intenção de utilizar a tecnologia blockchain em suas atividades. Para tanto, aplicou um questionário online de múltipla escolha, estruturado em 38 questões. Do total, 78% informaram que não empregam a blockchain e não tem a intenção de utilizar, 15% informaram que utilizam ou tem a intenção de utilizar a tecnologia em seus processos e 7% não responderam. Observou-se uma variação média (cv > 10% e < 20%) nas avaliações dos gestores em relação a custo de transação, gestão da cadeia de suprimentos, eficiência e blockchain, o que pode refletir uma a homogeneidade nas percepções sobre os negócios da cadeia de alimentos e, também, falta de conhecimento aprofundado sobre a blockchain e suas aplicações.
Catalisadores de Óxido de Nióbio (Nb₂O₅): uma revisão sistemática do potencial na produção de combustíveis renováveis
Authors: Silva Herbert Fernandes , Feitosa Ana Karoliny da Silva , Pereira Helder de Lucena , Guedes Danyelle Garcia , Costa Ana Cristina Figueiredo de Melo , Silva Adriano Lima da
Published: January 2025

Nos últimos anos, a busca por energias alternativas renováveis se intensificou devido à crescente preocupação com os problemas ambientais associados ao uso dos combustíveis fósseis. O biodiesel surge como uma alternativa promissora, caracterizando-se como uma fonte de energia renovável com potencial para substituir os combustíveis convencionais. A sua produção apresenta flexibilidade em termos de diversidade de matérias-primas e gera emissões reduzidas de gases. Para viabilizar essa transição energética, é imprescindível o desenvolvimento de processos de produção que sejam ao mesmo tempo eficientes e economicamente viáveis, otimizando custos e aumentando a eficiência do processamento. Nesse cenário, catalisadores à base de nióbio destacam-se por suas propriedades físico-químicas singulares, como alta resistência a condições extremas de temperatura, elevada atividade catalítica devido à acidez e capacidade de reutilização, tornando-os ideais para aplicação na produção de biodiesel. Uma revisão sistemática foi conduzida para analisar o uso do nióbio como catalisador, abrangendo um período de seis anos (2020-2025) e utilizando a base de dados científica Science Direct. O levantamento revelou a aplicação de catalisadores suportados por nióbio em diferentes segmentos, com ênfase na produção de biodiesel. Após a triagem e seleção criteriosa dos artigos, 37 estudos foram considerados relevantes para a discussão final. Esses trabalhos evidenciam o nióbio como uma opção sustentável e eficiente para o desenvolvimento de biocombustíveis porém com pouca literatura disponível com esse direcionamento, destacando seu papel no avanço da tecnologia de catalisadores para processos mais limpos e economicamente vantajosos.
First record of Curvularia sp. in canary grass (Phalaris canariensis) cultivation in Ijuí, RS, Brazil
Authors: Magano Deivid Araujo , Carvalho Ivan Ricardo , Silva José Antonio Gonzalez da , Arnold Laura Eduarda , Stibe Gabriel Augusto Schwederke , Krahn Caroline de Oliveira , Folleto Eduardo , Schwingel Gabriel dos Santos
Published: January 2025

The diversification of multipurpose crops, such as canary grass (Phalaris canariensis), has gained increasing importance in the Ijuí region, RS, Brazil, due to its potential to enhance agricultural sustainability and food security. The Regional University of Northwestern State of Rio Grande do Sul (UNIJUÍ) has been instrumental in improving the genetic traits of canary grass, enhancing its adaptability to local environmental conditions. This improvement has unlocked new opportunities for its economic and ecological applications, contributing to more resilient and diversified farming systems. This study aimed to confirm the occurrence of Curvularia sp. on canary grass leaves cultivated in the Ijuí region. Infected leaves exhibited typical lesions, which were analyzed microscopically. Initially, the lesions were examined under a stereomicroscope to prepare semi-permanent slides by isolating the mycelium and fungal structures from the infected plant tissue. Microscopic observations revealed geniculate conidiophores, with the middle cell swollen, producing a characteristic curvature in the conidia. The conidia show the typical morphology of Curvularia species, with a light brown color and 2-6 (average 4) transverse septa and 1-5 (average 2) longitudinal septa. These features confirmed the identification of the fungus as belonging to the Curvularia genus. The identification of Curvularia sp. in this crop highlights the potential risks posed by fungal pathogens to canary grass and its role in diversified farming systems. The findings stress the importance of monitoring plant health and implementing integrated pest management strategies to minimize negative impacts on the productivity and quality of this emerging multipurpose crop.
Impactos ambientais e de infraestrutura nos assentamentos da reforma agraria: contraste entre os projetos agropastoris e agroextrativistas no Estado do Pará, Brasil
Authors: Callejas Ivan Júlio Apolonio , Teixeira Raoni Florentino da Silva , Durante Luciane Cleonice , Nora Giseli Gomes Dalla , Rossetto Onelia Carmem , Venere Paulo Cesar
Published: January 2025

Esta pesquisa conduziu um levantamento dos impactos ambientais decorrentes da degradação da paisagem, das condições de infraestrutura e de habitabilidade em decorrência da implantação dos projetos de assentamentos convencionais (PA Moju I e II) e agroextrativista (PAE Juruti Velho), ao mesmo tempo em que realizou uma análise do contraste entre eles. Para quantificação dos impactos, aplicou-se a Matriz de Leopold ao banco de dados do Projeto RADIS/UFMT. Os indicadores ambientais e de infraestrutura considerados se referem ao acesso à água, ao saneamento básico, às telecomunicações, à energia elétrica e à habitabilidade das moradias. Evidenciaram-se assimetrias entre as duas modalidades de assentamentos. Os menores impactos ambientais se concentram nos PAE, em razão da forma de exploração que impacta menos o meio ambiente em termos de desmatamento. O PAE comparativamente aos PA também apresenta melhores acessos à infraestrutura de abastecimento de água e de telefonia, porém piores acessos à internet e eletrificação. Demais impactos são semelhantes nas duas modalidades de assentamentos, em pouco se diferenciando.
Estratégias inovadoras para o fomento do empreendedorismo solidário
Authors: Meireles Tania Marilia Resende , Souza Neto Bezamat de , Mendonça Fabricio Molica de
Published: January 2025

Este artigo objetivou fazer um levantamento de informações sobre as relações existentes entre o empreendedorismo, o empreendedorismo social e a economia solidária e sua associação com o tema inovação, a fim de salientar estratégias inovadoras para a área social, aliadas aos empreendimentos solidários, visando melhores resultados a partir de ferramentas de inteligência. A Economia solidária pode ter múltiplas possibilidades e enfoques para que gere uma compreensão de sua temática enquanto um objeto de estudos. Os empreendimentos de economia solidária podem ser organizados em diferentes atividades e com diferentes estratégias, com diferentes e diversificadas experiências. Os princípios do empreendedorismo utilizam estratégias inovadoras para contornar as crises econômicas e trabalhistas, aplicando a inovação também aos empreendimentos solidários como alternativa para superar essas crises. Os empreendedores promovem a inovação, assim como a economia solidária, visam o desenvolvimento, nas vertentes econômica, social, regional e sustentável. Empreendedorismo e economia solidária se unem porque têm objetivos comuns. Como resultados, o manuscrito apresentou a proposta de mecanismos e estratégias já aplicados no empreendedorismo privado para os empreendimentos solidários. Ferramentas de inteligência, capazes de promover desenvolvimento, consolidação e expansão dos empreendimentos solidários, além do aprimoramento da atuação dos gestores, através do suporte para tomada de decisões acertadas que essas ferramentas são capazes de oferecer.
Femur Fracture Management in a Newborn with Osteogenesis Imperfecta: A Case Report
Authors: Sardinha Henrique Costa , Rezende Leonardo Pinheiro , Silva Fábio Felippe da , Oliveira Ananda Camille Silva , Marinho Mariana Bessa , Souza Julie Paiva , Almeida Lana Gabriely Jarina de , Santos Laura Marques , Fontoura Humberto de Sousa
Published: January 2025

Aims: This article aims to report a case of osteogenesis imperfecta from an orthopedic perspective, highlighting a study on the orthopedic management of a femur fracture.
Presentation of Case: A five-day-old Brazilian male neonate of South American ethnicity was diagnosed with type III osteogenesis imperfecta. Imaging tests identified common clinical manifestations of this disease. Bryant's traction was applied to immobilize the right femur, Pavlick's brace was used, and pamidronate disodium was prescribed. One month after birth, the patient was discharged from the Intensive Care Unit with excellent outcomes.
Discussion: Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by bone fragility and low bone mineral density, resulting in recurrent fractures. OI is classified into five types based on severity. Clinical manifestations include skeletal weakening, blue sclera, and deafness. Diagnosis during intrauterine life remains challenging, while fractures during pregnancy are atypical. Management necessitates a multidisciplinary approach, incorporating orthoses, physiotherapy, and pharmacological interventions, which improves bone density but poses risks with prolonged use. Fracture treatment emphasizes minimal immobilization, physiotherapy, and tailored neonatal interventions such as Bryant traction. Patient and caregiver education is integral to optimizing outcomes in OI care.
Conclusion: This is a case report of a newborn with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) who received treatment for a femur fracture. OI is a rare disease that can have a significant impact on affected patients. Therefore, it is essential to document treatment options and outcomes to contribute to the global database on this rare pathology.
Assessing the Clinical Utility of Liquid Biopsies Across 5 Potential Indications From Therapy Selection to Population Screening
Authors: Carr David J. , Welch H. Gilbert
Published: August 2023

Importance

There has been great enthusiasm for the emerging technology of molecular-based tests to detect and quantify tumor DNA circulating in the bloodstream, colloquially known as a liquid biopsy. However, less attention has been given to how their clinical utility depends on the indication for testing, which includes a range of clinical situations, each presenting unique challenges.

Observations

Five indications for circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) blood testing were considered. (1) For therapy selection, ctDNA tests can identify genetic alterations in patients with cancer amenable to targeted therapy, but most patients do not have a targetable alteration. (2) For response to therapy, the absence of residual tumor DNA following cancer surgery could reduce the use of adjuvant chemotherapy, but it is unclear that this will happen in practice. (3) For disease surveillance following cancer treatment, ctDNA tests may well detect cancer recurrence before symptoms appear, yet earlier intervention may have no effect on mortality. (4) For diagnosis of suspected cancer, ctDNA tests are able to identify some symptomatic cancers, but how they add to the conventional diagnostic evaluation is unknown. (5) For screening for cancer, multicancer tests can detect many types of cancer, but their low sensitivity for early-stage tumors raises questions as to whether screening can help patients live longer or live better.

Conclusions and Relevance

Circulating tumor DNA tests are being promoted for multiple indications. Numerous studies are ongoing, but randomized clinical trials of their effect on patient-centered outcomes are rare. While these tests have the potential to improve care in selected indications, this must be proven, as they will add cost, complexity, and unintended adverse effects for patients.
Testing Whether Cancer Screening Saves Lives
Authors: Welch H. Gilbert , Dey Tanujit
Published: August 2023

Importance

Cancer screening is often promoted as a means to save lives. The question of whether cancer screening truly saves lives is becoming increasingly relevant given the growing enthusiasm for multicancer detection blood tests (ie, liquid biopsies). It is possible in randomized clinical trials for screening to reduce deaths due to the targeted cancer without reducing deaths due to all causes. To explore the feasibility of powering studies for cancer-specific vs all-cause mortality, a series of sample size calculations was performed for selected cancers (breast, colorectal, liver, pancreas, and prostate) and for all cancers combined.

Observations

Randomized clinical trials of screening for an individual cancer typically require 100 000 or more participants to test its effect on cancer-specific mortality. Testing all-cause mortality requires trials of more than a million participants. However, the sample size requirements change markedly when considering a randomized clinical trial of screening for all cancers, as is envisioned when using multicancer detection blood tests. In this setting, the question of whether cancer screening reduces all-cause mortality can be reasonably addressed in a trial of fewer than 100 000 participants.

Conclusions and Relevance

It is not feasible to test all-cause mortality when screening for an individual cancer. However, it is feasible to test all-cause mortality for multicancer screening because cancer deaths are such a large component of deaths in general. Observational data on the effects of cancer screening are misleading. Multicancer screening would entail tremendous costs and potentially substantial harms. For these reasons, a randomized clinical trial is mandatory not only to learn if multicancer screening saves lives, but also to learn how frequently it causes harm.
Estimated Lifetime Gained With Cancer Screening Tests
Authors: Bretthauer Michael , Wieszczy Paulina , Løberg Magnus , Kaminski Michal F. , Werner Tarjei Fiskergård , Helsingen Lise M. , Mori Yuichi , Holme Øyvind , Adami Hans-Olov , Kalager Mette
Published: August 2023

Importance

Cancer screening tests are promoted to save life by increasing longevity, but it is unknown whether people will live longer with commonly used cancer screening tests.

Objective

To estimate lifetime gained with cancer screening.

Data Sources

A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted of randomized clinical trials with more than 9 years of follow-up reporting all-cause mortality and estimated lifetime gained for 6 commonly used cancer screening tests, comparing screening with no screening. The analysis included the general population. MEDLINE and the Cochrane library databases were searched, and the last search was performed October 12, 2022.

Study Selection

Mammography screening for breast cancer; colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, or fecal occult blood testing (FOBT) for colorectal cancer; computed tomography screening for lung cancer in smokers and former smokers; or prostate-specific antigen testing for prostate cancer.

Data Extraction and Synthesis

Searches and selection criteria followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) reporting guideline. Data were independently extracted by a single observer, and pooled analysis of clinical trials was used for analyses.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Life-years gained by screening was calculated as the difference in observed lifetime in the screening vs the no screening groups and computed absolute lifetime gained in days with 95% CIs for each screening test from meta-analyses or single randomized clinical trials.

Results

In total, 2 111 958 individuals enrolled in randomized clinical trials comparing screening with no screening using 6 different tests were eligible. Median follow-up was 10 years for computed tomography, prostate-specific antigen testing, and colonoscopy; 13 years for mammography; and 15 years for sigmoidoscopy and FOBT. The only screening test with a significant lifetime gain was sigmoidoscopy (110 days; 95% CI, 0-274 days). There was no significant difference following mammography (0 days: 95% CI, −190 to 237 days), prostate cancer screening (37 days; 95% CI, −37 to 73 days), colonoscopy (37 days; 95% CI, −146 to 146 days), FOBT screening every year or every other year (0 days; 95% CI, −70.7 to 70.7 days), and lung cancer screening (107 days; 95% CI, −286 days to 430 days).

Conclusions and Relevance

The findings of this meta-analysis suggest that current evidence does not substantiate the claim that common cancer screening tests save lives by extending lifetime, except possibly for colorectal cancer screening with sigmoidoscopy.
The Future of Cancer Screening—Guided Without Conflicts of Interest
Authors: Adami Hans-Olov , Kalager Mette , Bretthauer Michael
Published: August 2023

This Viewpoint discusses the benefits and harms of cancer screening tests in the context of various stakeholders.
Poeciliopsis prolifica
(Miller, 1960): Introduction
Authors: Littlefield Hannah , Uribe Mari C. , Panhuis Tami M.
Published: August 2023

Poeciliopsis prolifica
is a viviparous, teleost fish of the family Poeciliidae. Populations are geographically located north of the Trans‐Mexican Volcanic Belt. This species has a matrotrophic reproductive trophic mode, placentation, and superfetation.
Ixodes ricinus
(Linnaeus, 1758): Introduction
Authors: Starck J. Matthias
Published: August 2023

Ixodes ricinus
is a European species of hard‐bodied ticks sucking blood as a temporary ectoparasite of wild and domestic mammals as well as humans. It has a three‐host life cycle, with the larvae, nymphs, and adults feeding blood from their respective hosts. Adults are sexually dimorphic in behavior and morphology, with the males feeding as larvae and nymphs but taking only facultative, small blood meals as adults. Females feed during all life stages. However, as adults, they take only one large blood meal, drop from their host when fully engorged, lay thousands of eggs, and die. One of the outstanding morphological features of the adult female
Ixodes ricinus
is the enormous volume change (>100 times) that occurs during the single meal and the associated changes of tissues and cells. This and the follwoing chapters introduce into the microscopic and functional anatomy of this temporary parasite.
Ixodes ricinus
(Linnaeus, 1758): External Morphology
Authors: Starck J. Matthias
Published: August 2023

Ixodes ricinus shows the characteristic external morphological features of Parasitiformes; i.e. the body is regionalized into the gnathosoma with the mouthparts, the idiosoma, and the podosoma with the legs. The capitulum contains the basis capituli, the chelicerae, the pedipalps, and the hypostome, which is an unpaired, ventral extension of the capitulum with lateral rows of recurved teeth for attachment to the host skin. Ixodes ricinus is sex dimorphic in size and morphology. In males, the idiosoma carries several sclerotized plates. In females, the idiosoma carries a dorsal scutum, but the rest of the body is soft, flexible, and extensible. In females, only the spiracular plates of the respiratory system and the cuticular flaps of the anal aperture are sclerotized. Nymphs and larvae show the female pattern of sclerotization, i.e. have a soft idiosoma.
Ixodes ricinus
(Linnaeus, 1758): Integument
Authors: Starck J. Matthias
Published: August 2023

The integument of Ixodes ricinus consists of the single‐layered epidermis and the cuticle. The integument differentiates into hard and soft body surface, the interarticular/intersegmental folds, cuticular sensory organs, setae, and epidermal glands with their excretory ducts (including salivary glands and salivary ducts).

The enormous amount of food taken up by adult females during feeding requires specialized morphological features of the integument to accommodate the volume changes of the body (i.e. a combination of expandable cuticle/epidermis, proliferation of epidermis cells, and production of new cuticle). The morphology of the integument of
Ixodes ricinus
males and females is documented in this contribution and its functional features are discussed.
The International Association for Statistical Education, IASE
Authors: Phillips Brian R. , MacGillivray Helen L. , Bilgin Ayse A. B.
Published: August 2023

Since its formal formation in 1993, the International Association for Statistical Education, IASE, has become a very active international organization which aims to advance statistical education at all levels, from primary school through training of professionals as well as to the general public. IASE is one of seven Associations of the International Statistical Institute (ISI), in a professional organizational structure allowing membership of Associations or Associations within ISI, thus facilitating global collaboration to cover and progress the wide spectrum of statistical sciences and applications. IASE developed from the ISI's 1949 Committee on Statistical Education, with its growth reflecting the increasing importance of teaching statistics and the science of data across disciplines and all educational levels for purposes ranging from citizenship to preparation of statisticians and data scientists. IASE organizes international conferences, forums, roundtables, the International Statistical Literacy Project (ISLP), prizes, and competitions. It publishes a research journal, conference proceedings, newsletters, webinars, and a comprehensive website. It joins in activities and committees with ISI and its Associations and participates in other statistical educational undertakings.
International Association for Official Statistics: Mission, Vision, and Strategic Plan
Authors: Belkindas Misha , Saetova Lilia , Everaers Pieter
Published: August 2023

This article provides an overview of the International Association for Official Statistics (IAOS) from its creation to the present day. The IAOS was founded in 1985 to promote the understanding and advancement of official statistics and related subjects and to foster the development of effective and efficient official statistical services, particularly in developing countries, through international contacts among individuals and organizations, including users of official statistics as well as research institutions. In this article, a brief summary of the history of the IAOS, its structure, membership, and activities are described. The activities range from monitoring the development and performance of Official Statistics worldwide, organizing conferences and webinars, publishing the Statistical Journal, and supporting Official Statisticians in adjusting to the changing statistical environment.
Data Analytics for Organizational Development – From Regression to Structural Equation Modeling
Authors: Kaufmann Uwe H. , Tan Amy B. C.
Published: August 2023

Structural equation modeling has been widely used by academic researchers and was rarely seen in other organizations. However, since data analytics has got a foothold in a rapidly increasing number of public and private organizations all over the world, advanced analytics techniques such as structural equation modeling (SEM) for making critical decisions are needed. Although we see SEM being introduced into practice here and there, traditional approaches like regression are still in the majority, even when SEM could help giving more educated advice to business leaders. Part of the reason is that SEM is not easily available and is more complex as compared to using regression methodology.

This study aims to show the benefits of using SEM to help practitioners in using data for decision‐making and for organizational development. We compare the application of SEM and multiple linear regression and explain the condition for using either approach when analyzing organizational behavioral research data. Our study is based on a set of such data collected at public and private organizations in Southeast Asia.

The discussion focuses on the practical application of multiple linear regression and structural equation modeling as a valuable input for organizational development.