bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sri Lanka’s Economic Crisis Before the Supreme Court
Authors: Dias Sanjit
Published: December 2023

On 14th November 2023, the Supreme Court of Sri Lanka issued a landmark decision holding several high-ranking executive officials responsible for the economic crisis of 2021-2022. This was widely regarded as the worst economic crisis the country had experienced post-independence; it manifested itself in a rapid depreciation of the currency, dramatic shortages of fuel which saw vehicles in mile-long queues at fueling stations, and rolling electricity cuts throughout the island. In mid-2022, two petitions were filed in the Supreme Court alleging that several officials named as respondents were responsible for this economic crisis. In this blogpost, I argue that the court’s decision has significant implications for the scope of the fundamental rights jurisdiction, and for the court’s potential role in future controversies.
Community Views On Polygamy And Polyandry Islamic Legal Perspective
Authors: Maswandi Maswandi
Published: December 2023

Writing this article aims to determine the legal basis of polygamy and polyandry in Islamic law and positive law in Indonesia and the impact of polygamy and polyandry. In this paper using normative juridical approach with various theories of interpretation. Religious court is a judicial institution under the Supreme Court which is very important in dealing with issues regarding disputes related to the religion of Islam. Start from marriage, inheritance, wills, grants, Waqf, zakat, Infaq, Sadaqah, to sharia economy being the duty and authority of the Religious Court in accordance with articles 49 and 50 of Law No.7 Year 1989 on religious courts which has been amended by law No.3 of 2006. In Article 4 paragraph (1) of Law No. 1 of 1974 on marriage, if a husband wants to marry more of a person is obliged to apply to the court in the area of his residence (that is, the Religious Court). Also regulated in the next articles in the submission of polygamy must meet the requirements that have been determined according to the Marriage Act. Regulation on polygamy in positive law seems to make it difficult for husbands to polygamy, while Islamic law itself is not too make it difficult for a husband to polygamy. Therefore, these two laws must be in sync with each other in order to it does not cause a problem in marriage, especially polygamy and what has no rules but occurs is polyandry.
International Law Against Countries That Have Introduced Sanctions Pollution
Authors: Nasir Sitompul Mhd
Published: December 2023

The 1982 International Convention on the law of the sea or UNCLOS describes the rules, actions, and uses of the sea nationally and/or internationally. Pollution activities arise from various sectors and polluters not only the state but the existence of corporations is also able to trigger the emergence of pollution, especially in the field of waters that will seep through the flow of water and also follow the wind wave (wind wave) to enter the territory of another country. Research conducted is normative legal research or doctoral research, based on the results of research that the settlement of international sea zinc has been described in the International Convention on Article 287 paragraph (1) Chapter XV UNCLOS 1982 on the selection of Settlement Procedures. In fact sanski that has been given is not implemented because the sanctioned countries do not put forward the principle of good faith.
WORKSHOP PENERAPAN SYMBOL HAND SIGN HARMONI TONAL METODE KODALY UNTUK ANGKLUNG IRINGAN BAGI GURU SENI BUDAYA SMP KABUPATEN BOGOR
Authors: Firmansyah Agus , Toni Setiawan Sutanto Toni Setiawan Sutanto
Published: December 2023

Metode hand sign Kodaly sering digunakan dalam pertunjukan ansambel angklung, Namun demikian khusus dalam pergelaran aksidental selama ini, hanya angklung melodi yang dimainkan oleh audien. Sesungguhnya symbol hand signmetode Kodaly dapat digunakan untuk mengkomunikasikan harmoni dan melodi secara bersamaan. Namun untuk dapat menggunakan simbol hand sign harmoni tonal membutuhkan guru/instruktur yang memahami harmoni dan symbol hand sign secara komprehansip. Tujuan PKM yaitu meningkatkan kemampuan guru/instruktur dalam menggunakan simbol hand sign harmoni tonal untuk angklung iringan. Metode yang digunakan capasity building melalui pelatihan dan FGD dan pelatihan. Khalayak sasaran kegiatan ini adalah instruktur/guru SMP Kebudayaan di Kabupaten Bogor
Student Perspectives on Campus Tobacco Policy: A Photovoice Study
Authors: Davidson Charis R. , Kramer Mary , Schaefer Cecelia , StacyScherer
Published: December 2023

Objectives: Despite substantial progress in reducing the burden of tobacco use in the United States (US), it remains the leading cause of preventable disease in the US. University campuses can play a pivotal role by implementing high quality tobacco-free campus policies. Methods:
In preparation for updating the tobacco policy at a Midwestern university we carried out a photovoice project to incorporate student voices into the policy revision process. Participants (N=17) used disposable cameras to collect photographs and engaged in discussion groups about their experiences.
Researchers analyzed focus group transcripts using a constant comparative approach. Results: Overall, 24 participants attended at least one photovoice session. They were mostly female (N=21) and mostly non-Hispanic white (N=12). Themes from the focus group discussion included effects
of tobacco use on campus, negative opinions about current tobacco policy, concerns about how tobacco use affects the university, and tensions between nonsmokers and smokers. Photovoice images and captions created by participants were displayed on campus and presented to decision-makers. Conclusions:
Despite limited knowledge about tobacco products and policy, many participants expressed strong opinions about the effects of policy on their student experience. Involving students in the policy process is an important step to improve implementation of tobacco policy changes.
Perancangan Desain Aplikasi Mobile “Medical Care” Dengan Komponen Desain Sederhana Untuk Lansia
Authors: Rieke Setiawati  , Amata Fami M.Ds  , Syahrul Alimudin Jabbar  , Lina Khariyyah
Published: December 2023

Penggunaan Aplikasi Mobile sudah sangat merambah hingga berbagai kalangan usia. Saat ini pengguna lanjut usia menggunakan berbagai sosial media dalam berbagai kegiatan keseharian. Namun ada beberapa masalah yang menjadi kendala atau hambatan untuk para pengguna sosial media dengan usia lanjut. Perancangan desain aplikasi mobile kesehatan yang sederhana bagi pengguna lansia ini mempunyai tujuan untuk memudahkan keseharian terkait dengan kegiatan pemeriksaan kesehatan menjadi lebih mudah. Desain yang nyaman bagi pengguna, dengan menyesuaikan umur akan menjadikan penggunaan sosial media menjadi lebih efisien dan berguna. Berbagai macam kendala dari huruf, warna, hingga desain penempatan fitur tampilan akan sangat berpengaruh kepada pengguna. Metode pengembangan aplikasi perangkat lunak yang dapat dijadikan solusi sebagai penyelesaian masalah yang dihadapi yakni menggunakan teknik prototyping yang akan melibatkan partisipasi pengguna dalam desain mobile. Desain aplikasi mobile dengan metode prototyping ini akan memungkinkan pengguna mendapatkan kenyamanan penuh selaku pengguna aplikasi mobile karena partisipan bisa menggunakan pengalamannya sendiri sebagai acuan desain aplikasi mobile. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, desain aplikasi mobile yang sederhana dapat meningkatkan kepuasan pengguna lanjut usia
Estudio de la planificación social dirigida a personas mayores en España en el período 2016-2023
Authors: Cuesta Ruiz-Clavijo Ana Belen , Raya Diez Esther
Published: December 2023

The aging of the population is an unquestionable reality, especially in developed countries. The United Nations advocates the promotion of active and healthy aging. This paper analyzes the degree of development of planning in the field of aging in Spain. For this purpose, a search for plans and strategies aimed at the elderly has been carried out. Through content analysis, a comparative study has been made of the autonomic strategies, approved from 2016 to the present, and the National Strategy of Older Persons for Active Aging and Good Treatment 2018-2021. The plans have been studied in terms of principles and lines of action taking as a reference those pointed out in the national document: employment; social participation, promotion of healthy and independent living; non-discrimination and equal opportunities and the fight against mistreatment and abuse of the elderly.

The results point to the incorporation of issues related to the elderly in existing social planning. On the one hand, there is a high degree of consensus in the areas of social participation, healthy and independent living, and non-discrimination and equal opportunities. On the other hand, a lower degree of consensus is identified with respect to the areas of employment and the fight against mistreatment.

El envejecimiento de la población es una realidad incuestionable, especialmente en los países desarrollados. Naciones Unidas aboga por la promoción del envejecimiento activo y saludable. En este trabajo se analizan las planificaciones desarrolladas a nivel estatal y autonómico en materia de envejecimiento. Para ello, se ha realizado una búsqueda de los planes y estrategias dirigidas a las personas mayores. A través del análisis de contenido se ha realizado un estudio comparativo de las estrategias autonómicas, aprobadas desde el año 2016 a la actualidad, y de la Estrategia Nacional de Personas Mayores para un Envejecimiento Activo y Buen Trato 2018-2021. Se han estudiado las planificaciones en cuanto a principios, líneas de acción y medidas tomando como referencia las apuntadas en el documento nacional: empleo, participación social, promoción de la vida saludable e independiente, no discriminación e igualdad de oportunidades, y lucha contra el maltrato y abusos a las personas mayores. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto la incorporación progresiva en estas planificaciones sociales de cuestiones relacionadas con salud, participación y derechos humanos, entre otras; adquiriendo enfoques multidimensionales e integrales. Cabe apuntar, por una parte, que existe un alto grado de consenso relativo a las áreas de participación social, vida saludable y autónoma; y, no discriminación e igualdad de oportunidades. Por otra parte, se identifica menor grado de consenso respecto a las líneas de empleo y de lucha contra el maltrato.
PENGARUH BUDAYA ORGANISASI DAN EMOSI TERHADAP PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN KEPALA SEKOLAH
Authors: Suhardi Muhamad
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh budaya organisasi dan emosi terhadap pengambilan keputusan kepala Sekolah Dasar/Madrasah Ibtidaiyah kecamatan Narmada kabupaten Lombok Barat tahun pelajaran 2021/2022. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survei dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan teknik analisis jalur. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah kepala sekolah sebanyak 100 orang. Sampel penelitian dipilih sebanyak 50 kepala sekolah dengan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Data diperoleh melalui kuesioner dan dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis jalur. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dalam penelitian ini disimpulkan: (1) budaya organisasi berpengaruh langsung positif terhadap pengambilan keputusan; (2) emosi berpengaruh langsung positif terhadap pengambilan keputusan; (3) budaya organisasi berpengaruh langsung positif terhadap emosi. Pengambilan keputusan dapat ditingkatkan melalui peningkatan budaya dan emosi organisasi.
Development Of Renewal In Islamic Law And Human Rights In The Modern World
Authors: Fhadli Nur Hudzaifah
Published: December 2023

Muslim countries are often trapped in a dilemma between being exclusive and maintaining the principles of Human Rights (HAM) outlined by Islam through Islamic law, or following the principles of human rights regulated internationally through the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Islamic law and human rights must always be pursued to open wider opportunities for mutual understanding and in turn this will facilitate the achievement of progress and protection of human rights in Muslim countries. On the other hand, this dialogue is an important means for developing human rights discourse and eliminating the negative stigma towards Islamic law which is often accused of violating human rights, as well as opening up space for interpretation and study of Islamic law which continuously leads to the relevance of Islamic law in contemporary life. From an Islamic perspective, the concept of human rights is explained through the concept of maqâshid al-syarî'ah (goals of shari'ah), which has been formulated by past scholars. The aim of the shari'ah (maqâshid al-syarî'ah) is to realize the benefit (mashlahah) of mankind by protecting and realizing and protecting the things that are their necessity (dharûriyyât), as well as fulfilling the things that are their needs (hâjiyyât ) and their decoration (tahsîniyyât). For this reason, it is necessary to dialogue between human rights and Islamic law in order to reach a common understanding On the other hand, this dialogue is an important means for developing human rights discourse and eliminating the negative stigma towards Islamic law which is often accused of violating human rights, as well as opening up space for interpretation and study of Islamic law which continuously leads to the relevance of Islamic law in contemporary life.
History of Criminal Law Enforcement and Islamic Justice in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Casduloh
Published: December 2023

The Saudi Arabian judiciary can be an option for a modern justice system and is interesting to study because of several things, the first of which is that Saudi Arabia is the birthplace of the Prophet Muhammad SAW. and the Islamic religion is a role model for people throughout the world, but this country has a different government system from other Muslim countries. Saudi Arabian law is based on sharia which consists of the Koran and Sunnah. Ijmak and qiyas which were developed by the ulama after the death of the Prophet Muhammad also became sources of law. Judges' decisions in Saudi Arabia are heavily influenced by the writings of the Hanbali school of thought. Saudi Arabia is the only country in the world that makes the Koran and Sunnah its constitution, or at least it does not conflict with Islamic sharia and nothing else. The judiciary in Saudi Arabia is divided into three levels, namely Immediate Justice (al-mahakim al-musta'jilah) , Syar'iyah Court (al-mahakim asy-syar'iyyah) and the Judicial Supervisory Body (Hay'ah al-Muraqabah al- Qadha'iyyah).
Business Ethics And Freedom of Opinion for Gen-Z: Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Huda Muhammad Rifqi Mafatikhul , Mukhlis Imam
Published: December 2023

Research Aims: Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui literatur etika bisnis dan kebebasan berpendapat dalam bisnis pada generasi muda atau generasi-Z. Desain/Metodologi: pencarian dilakukan pada publikasi dari tahun 2019 hingga 2023 untuk literatur ilmiah, dengan memanfaatkan jurnal akses terbuka secara eksklusif. Ketika "etika, kebebasan berpendapat dan gen-Z, etika" diketik dalam pencarian referensi, muncul 491 jurnal. Selanjutnya setelah melalui tahap penyaringan dan diperoleh 340 jurnal, terdapat 36 jurnal yang dicari, dan 13 jurnal yang memenuhi syarat pencarian konten dan isu masuk ke tahap akhir laporan kinerja. Temuan Penelitian: etika bisnis dalam mengungkapkan gagasan, ide dan opini yang termasuk dalam kebebasan berpendapat di dalam bisnis berdampak pada keberlangsungan dan kemajuan bisnis yang dijalankan oleh gen-Z. Temuan dalam literatur memberikan informasi untuk menawarkan seperangkat pedoman etika dan prinsip etika bisnis yang dapat digunakan untuk mendorong kemajuan bisnis gen-Z. Sumber daya konseptual yang diberikan berdasarkan argumen yang diajukan penulis berguna untuk merangsang perdebatan lebih lanjut. Dalam penelitian akademis, kedua domain tersebut dapat dilihat sebagai struktur yang berbeda. Faktanya, etika bisnis gen-Z menekankan kepatuhan terhadap prinsip, aturan, nilai, dan norma.
Amerika’da Tarımsal Yayım Sistemi ve Türkiye Açısından Bazı Değerlendirmeler
Authors: ABACI Nur İlkay
Published: December 2023

Tarımsal yayım kırsal kalkınmanın hızlandırılmasında çiftçilerin gelişen teknolojiler hakkında bilgilendirilmesi, eğitilmesi ve örgütlenmeleri açısından büyük öneme sahiptir. Bu makale, Türk ve Amerikan tarımsal yayım sistemlerini ele alarak her iki ülkenin tarımsal yayım sistemlerini karşılaştırmaktadır. Türk yayım sisteminin kuruluşunda Amerikan Tarım Bakanlığının desteği ile yayım eğitimi yaklaşımları tanıtılmış ancak yaygın bir uygulama alanı bulamamıştır. Türkiye ve Amerika Birleşik Devletleri (ABD); coğrafi, kültürel ve ekonomik farklılıklar nedeniyle farklı tarımsal yayım sistemlerine sahiptir. Türk tarımsal yayım sistemi, genellikle kamu tarafından yürütülen eğitim ve yayım hizmetlerinin küçük aile çiftliklerine sunulmasına dayanmakta ve yerel ihtiyaçlara odaklanmaktadır. Buna karşın; ABD’de uygulanan yayım sistemi ise daha çok üniversiteler tarafından organize edilen yayım hizmetlerinin büyük ticari tarım işletmelerine sağlanmasına dayanmakta ve daha çok teknolojiye odaklanmaktadır. Bu karşılaştırma çalışması, her iki yayım sisteminin benzerlik ve farklılıklarını ayrıntılı bir şekilde incelemekte ve Türk tarım sektörünün geleceği için önemli öngörüler sunmaktadır. Türkiye’nin sürdürülebilir tarım uygulamaları ve yerel pazarların gelişiminin teşvik edilmesi, özellikle küçük çiftçiler için önemli bir avantaj sunmaktadır. Amerikan yayım sisteminin teknoloji odaklı yaklaşımı ise büyük miktarlarda ürün üretimini mümkün kılmaktadır. Ancak bu üretim odaklı yaklaşım bazı çevresel endişelere yol açmaktadır. Türk ve Amerikan tarımsal yayım sistemlerinin benzerlikleri ve farklılıkları uluslararası iş birliği ve bilgi paylaşımı açısından da ilginç perspektifler sunmaktadır. İki ülkenin deneyimleri konusunda bilgi sahibi olmak, tarımın verimliliğini ve sürdürülebilirliğini artırmak için potansiyel bir kaynaktır. Bu makale, tarım sektörünün geleceği üzerinde düşünmeye teşvik ederken; her iki ülkenin tarımsal sorunlarını ve başarılarını daha iyi anlama çabalarını vurgulamaktadır.
Model inovatívneho vzdelávania v oblasti manažérstva na technických univerzitách
Authors: Teplická Katarína
Published: December 2023

The sustainability of education depends on a strategic vision of education in the university environment focused on individual forms of society. The strategic vision of education at technical universities is oriented towards knowledge, digitization, online education, innovative methods of education, and all forms of management and business education platforms. The main goal of the paper was to create a model of teaching at a technical university based on the synergistic effect of economic subjects, digitization, all forms of management, and innovative didactic methods with a focus on future education. As part of this research, we implemented the project "Student companies" using digitization, an e-learning approach in teaching and connecting all forms of management as in a business environment. The results of the implemented project recorded benefits in the improvement of students´ key competencies, soft skills, social competencies, financial and economic competencies, and their impact on the level of evaluation of study subjects. The project´s output was the proposal of a model of engineering education at the university. This model can be a tool for changing education at technical universities.
Implementace konceptu regenerativního rozvoje do výuky ekonomicko-manažerských předmětů
Authors: Vávra Jan , Branská Lenka
Published: December 2023

The issue of sustainable development has resonated across society for several decades. Industrial practice is currently significantly affected not only by the transformation of the industry and the tough competitive environment, but also by climate change and the measures taken in this context - especially the adoption of the Green Deal agreement. In industrial enterprises, the demand for decarbonization, the management of ESG activities and the related interest in the environmental and social dimensions of entrepreneurship are increasingly being enforced. The topic of business sustainability is also evolving, and sustainable development is often seen as insufficient. The principles of the concept of regenerative development move the reach of sustainability to a higher level, and the goal is no longer simply to maintain the current state, but to move to a better state. This contribution summarizes the general outputs of the implementation of the concept and principles of regenerative development into the teaching of economics and management subjects at the Faculty of Chemical Technology at the University of Pardubice.
Podpora uplatnenia absolventov technických vysokých škôl na trhu práce
Authors: Chodasová Zuzana , Takáčová Miriam
Published: December 2023

The publication output describes dual education and other educational options, supporting skills that are an integral part of the preparation of university graduates for practice. Cooperation with industry and business partners is also important, through which students are confronted with current business trends, challenges and best practices. The paper points to future trends in the skills needed for individuals to successfully apply themselves in the labor market among competitors. The aim of the contribution is to provide, if possible, an overview of the basic development areas of education, which have been published by experts in important studies and surveys published so far and which can facilitate the entry of graduates into the labor market.
AI a jej miesto vo vzdelávaní
Authors: Pakšiová Renáta , Brauner Roman , Semerád Pavel
Published: December 2023

In the past year, we have witnessed the rapid progress in artificial intelligence presented, which is manifested by the advent of the open use of Chat GPT in many areas, which opens up various possibilities also in education. Therefore, its place as a form of innovation in teaching, mostly at universities, needs to be considered. The aim of the article is to provide balanced views of university teachers of management subjects at three universities on the risks and opportunities of using AI (mostly Chat GPT) in higher education at the currently known level of AI development, with suggested alternatives to support positive aspects in favour of the quality and efficiency of the teaching process. The main benefits of using AI have been identified as opportunities for personalized learning, the biggest risks are in incorrectly chosen communication or used AI tool, which will provide partially or completely incorrect conclusions, the detection of which requires a high level of critical thinking of users, knowledge base and ability to evaluate the relevance of the information.
DETERMINANTES DA RENDA DO SETOR TERCIÁRIO INFORMAL: UMA ANÁLISE DA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DE SALVADOR
Authors: Menezes Wilson Filgueira , Carrera-Fernandez José
Published: December 2023

Aborda o setor informal terciário da Região Metropolitana de Salvador (RMS), segmento importante do mercado de trabalho, e analisa, a partir da base de dados da Pesquisa de Emprego e Desemprego (PED), as principais implicações dos atributos pessoais sobre o rendimento dos trabalhadores desse setor. Os resultados econométricos permitem mostrar que a escolaridade, a experiência e a idade são variáveis importantes na determinação desse rendimento. A análise econométrica revela que se existe discriminação racial nesse setor ela não é suficientemente evidenciada, mas confirma a existência de discriminação contra as mulheres, as quais auferem rendimentos caracteristicamente menores vis-à-vis os rendimentos dos homens nesse mesmo setor. Os resultados econométricos mostram ainda que a propriedade do capital físico no setor terciário informal não é importante na determinação do rendimento do trabalha[1]dor nesse setor, mas confirma a relação direta que existe entre a escala do empreendimento e a renda, de modo que quanto maior é o tamanho do empreendimento, maior é o rendimento auferido pelo trabalhador nesse setor
Quranic Chain of Transmission: A Descriptive Study on Ijāzah of Shaykh Ḥasanayn bin Ibrāhīm ‘Āfīfī Jibrīl al-Ṭaḥūriyy (d. 1442AH/2021CE)
Authors: Alias Norazman bin , Bin Yusof Nor Hafizi
Published: December 2023

Shaykh Ḥasanayn bin Ibrāhīm ‘Āfīfī Jibrīl al-Ṭaḥūriyy (d. 1442AH/2021CE) is a prominent figure hailing from Egypt. He played a crucial role in teaching the knowledge of the Quran and qirā’āt, thereby giving rise to numerous eminent scholars on an international level. However, the inheritance of his ijāzah and those of other scholars is rarely discussed and analyzed in terms of authenticity and the continuity of the Quranic chain of transmission, which has spread widely among his students. Most of them receive the ijāzah in a cursory manner and pass it on to others without scrutinizing the names of each figure mentioned in the Quranic chain. This lack of concern could lead to the forgery of ijāzah and academic misconduct related to the knowledge of the Quranic chain. Therefore, this article aims to analyze the textual continuity of the Quranic chain that he inherited from an academic standpoint using a literature-based methodology and content analysis. The research findings reveal the importance of scholarly analysis of the chain of transmission in terms of authenticity.
Agenesia total del sacro. Presentación de un caso
Authors: González Martínez Ernesto , Sánchez Concepción Rafael , Fleites Marrero Ernesto , Cleto Betancourt Lázaro Froilán , Rodríguez Triana José A. , Castillo García Ibrilio
Published: December 2023

Introducción: La agenesia lumbosacra, también denominada agenesia sacra o agenesia caudal, es una malformación congénita muy rara que forma parte del síndrome de regresión caudal. La incidencia de agenesia lumbosacra es de un caso por cada 25,000 nacidos vivos y es más frecuente en los hijos de madres diabéticas (16 % de los casos). Descripción: Se presenta un caso de agenesiatotal del sacro a la cual se le realiza el diagnóstico a la edad de 47 años a pesar de haber presentado una imperforación anal, entidad está muy relacionada con la agenesia sacra. No se recogieron antecedentes de diabetes mellitus en la madre ni de malformaciones del raquis. Se le realizaron radiografías de columna lumbosacra, tomografía axial computarizada, ecocardiograma, y estudios electrofisiológicos que contribuyeron al diagnóstico. Conclusiones: La agenesia sacra presentada no se acompañó deenfermedades ni de antecedentes que generalmente aparecen. La utilización de insulina durante el embarazo de la madre no se recogió como antecedente. La imperforación anal sí fue una patología acompañante de esta malformación.
GPS as an effective tool for study of the home range of black-and-gold howlers (Alouatta caraya) in riparian forests, southern Brazil
Authors: Ludwig Gabriela , Aguiar Lucas M. , Passos Fernando C.
Published: December 2023

The effectiveness of using Global Position Systems (GPS) to estimate primate home ranges in tropical forests has been questioned. The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of this tool by comparing quadrat methods with the help of a compass and tape measure (CT) and using GPS in estimating the size of the home range of two groups of Alouatta caraya; one group on a 1,050-ha, riparian-forest island, and the other on the mainland of the Upper Paraná River. They were monitored from October 2004 through September 2005, on two full days in each month per group, GPS readings (fixes) and tag marks were taken every 30 min. A 0.25-ha grid was used for the home range estimate. A home range of 4 ha was obtained for the island group by means of GPS, and 4.5 ha with CT. The mainland group used 14.75 ha, as estimated by both methods. However, some quadrats were incompatible in positioning between the methods in each environment. The annual and seasonal home ranges did not differ between the methods, showing that GPS was effective. The quadrats that were computed based on GPS and absent on CT indicated, however, a small error in the home range as defined by the GPS. Therefore, the greater the precision of the instrument when taking fixes, the better the result. The smaller the home range of the group, the more marked the error can become. For GPS to be even more effective in the study area or regions of similar vegetation, it is noted that the fixes should be taken at shorter intervals and the fixes should be taken with the best precision possible. We discuss the efficacy of the two methods as applied to studies of the spatial behavior of A. caraya in riparian environments.
Activity budget, food preference and habitat use of a troop of ex-pet Yucatan black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) following release
Authors: Feeney David , Walker Paul , Hughes William O. H.
Published: December 2023

Rehabilitation and reintroduction of endangered species have numerous conservation benefits, including assisting in repopulating local areas depleted of such wild species and encouraging the preservation of the habitat for other species. Recovery and release of ex-pet howler monkeys have the added incentive of increasing public interest and awareness in mammal rehabilitation in a Neotropical context. The activity budget, food preference and spatial movements of a troop of three ex-pet Yucatan black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) were studied during the six weeks immediately following their release at Fireburn Reserve in northeast Belize. The ex-pet howler monkeys seemed to be more active than wild howler monkeys, with leaves comprising a relatively high proportion of their diet. The troop used a very small number of individual fruiting trees to maintain their frugivorous needs. Fruiting trees seemed to exert a decisive influence on the troop’s distribution, resulting in non-random use of habitats. Similar detailed data from other reintroduced ex-pet monkeys are needed to confirm the results. Nevertheless, our data support the preservation of multiple habitat types in a forest environment to benefit howler monkeys’ survival and suggest that ex-pet animals can adapt successfully following release.
Prolonged inter-specific association between Ateles fusciceps fusciceps and Alouatta palliata aequatorialis (Atelidae) in a forest fragment in north western Ecuador
Authors: Rosero Paola Moscoso , Shanee Sam , Burneo Santiago , Fuentes Nathalia , Alfonso-Cortés Felipe , Obando Martín , Tirira Diego G.
Published: December 2023

Changes in the behavior of primates caused by habitat disturbance are important indicators of their survival ability in fragmented landscapes. In Ecuador, few studies have examined the effect of habitat fragmentation on primate behavior. We present data of a prolonged interspecific association between a brown-headed spider monkey (Ateles fusciceps fusciceps) living within a troop of Ecuadorian mantled howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata aequatorialis) in a protected forest fragment in northwestern Ecuador. We collected 274 hours of observations, at 10-minute intervals, on the A. f. fusciceps individual in both the wet and dry seasons. Data included the amount of time that the A. f. fusciceps individual spent associating with, and apart from, the A. p. aequatorialis troop. Our observations suggest a close relationship between the individuals of the two species, with similarities in their behavior and diets found during the study. Interspecific communication was observed frequently, with all A. p. aequatorialis individuals interacting directly with the A. f. fusciceps individual. The behavior of the A. f. fusciceps individual was similar to that found in studies of other Ateles spp. living in fragmented and disturbed habitats, but differed from that observed in other studies of the same species in continuous forest, suggesting adaptation to conditions in fragmented habitat and possibly to living in close proximity with the howler troop.
Densidad poblacional y composición de grupos de Aotus nancymaae en áreas de aprovechamiento de la especie para experimentación biomédica en el trapecio amazónico Colombiano
Authors: Roncancio-Duque Néstor , Osorno Mariela , Calderón-Espitia Liza M. , Acosta-Castañeda Amilvia , García-Loaiza Lina M. , Gómez-Melendro Natalia , Henao Beatriz E.
Published: December 2023

El uso de fauna, así como de otros recursos naturales, es fundamental para el desarrollo y bienestar humano. No obstante, garantizar su conservación depende de un manejo basado en información confiable, es decir, rigurosamente colectada y analizada, y adecuados esquemas de regulación; de lo contrario se pueden sobreexplotar dichos recursos. La sobreexplotación es uno de los cinco motores de perdida de diversidad y ha sido identificada como una amenaza directa para algunos primates. Las poblaciones de las especies del género Aotus en el sur de la Amazonía colombiana han sido usadas para experimentación biomédica desde hace aproximadamente 30 años, no obstante, el impacto de este proceso no ha sido suficientemente evaluado. Ante la reciente confirmación de un nuevo taxón para Colombia, Aotus nancymaae, el adecuado diagnóstico del estado de conservación de sus poblaciones, la revisión de los planes de manejo y monitoreo, incluidos los procedimientos de aprovechamiento, cobran mayor importancia, dada su restringida área de distribución y aprovechamiento inespecífico, que determinan como Vulnerable a la especie en Colombia. Se presentan resultados preliminares de algunos parámetros poblacionales, como paso inicial para determinar la salud de estas poblaciones. Los resultados y la comparación con otros estudios permiten concluir que existe una alta carga de incertidumbre sobre información básica para poder hacer un manejo sostenible de las especies en este paisaje.
Ampliación del área de distribución del mono maicero cachón (Sapajus apella): nuevo registro en el Parque Nacional Natural Las Hermosas-GVC, Tolima, Colombia
Authors: Paya Pablo , Sánchez-C Jesús-A , Guzmán-V Carolina , Rodríguez-P Germán , Roncancio-D Néstor
Published: December 2023

No abstract
Emissão de vocalizações sirena por infantes de macacos-prego (Sapajus libidinosus)
Authors: Ferreira Luíza Gonzalez , Izar Patrícia
Published: December 2023

O estudo do desenvolvimento vocal pode levar em conta tanto a produção das vocalizações, quanto o uso e compreensão delas. Há poucas evidências de que primatas não-humanos aprendem a produzir vocalizações, mas há evidências de aprendizado para o uso delas. Macacos-prego emitem uma vocalização chamada sirena, simultaneamente a um display, na situação específica de reencontro entre membros de um grupo após um período sem contato. Estudos anteriores sugerem que sirenas são emitidas mais comumente em reencontros entre machos. Embora infantes já tenham sido observados em contexto de reencontro, ainda não há descrição da emissão de sirena por eles. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar a idade do surgimento e o contexto de emissão das primeiras vocalizações do tipo sirena em macacos-prego (Sapajus libidinosus). Cinco infantes machos e duas infantes fêmeas foram acompanhados pelo método animal focal, desde o nascimento até os onze meses de idade, e as suas vocalizações foram registradas ad libitum. Foram registrados cinco eventos com display em que puderam ser identificados os infantes envolvidos. Em quatro destes eventos o infante emitiu sirena e em um evento o infante emitiu trill. O infante mais novo a emitir sirena tinha seis meses de idade. Os eventos foram iniciados por infantes e dirigidos ao macho-alfa. Em todos os casos, o macho-alfa respondeu com outras vocalizações que não foram sirena, sugerindo que ele não percebe o evento como um reencontro. Nossas observações indicam que a vocalização sirena aparece cedo no repertório vocal de S. libidinosus, mas a experiência do contexto de emissão é importante para o desenvolvimento do uso de sirena.
Howlers in an anthropogenic matrix: how does an Alouatta belzebul group deal with the severely fragmented landscape of the Atlantic forest in northeastern Brazil?
Authors: Ludwig Gabriela , Lima Gabriel Yan Figueiredo , Azevedo Renata B. de , Jerusalinsky Leandro , Valença-Montenegro Monica M. , Buss Gerson
Published: December 2023

The red-handed-howler-monkey (Alouatta belzebul) is vulnerable to extinction mainly due to habitat loss and fragmentation, as well as hunting pressure. In its Atlantic Forest range, small populations inhabit 31 sparse fragments in a landscape dominated by a matrix of sugar cane plantations, pastures and urban areas. The aim of the present study was to analyze the use of space, activity pattern and diet of A. belzebul in a small secondary forest fragment (1.8 ha) and its surrounding anthropogenic matrix in Paraíba, Brazil, in order to understand how howlers deal with fragmentation. We used Scan Sampling and grid cell (0.25ha each) methods to record the data. The home range was estimated to cover 8.75 ha, and, although the matrix area was more than twice as large as the forest area, the frequency of use was roughly equal (50.2% matrix; 49.8% forest). Daily ranges were also not significantly different between the days of forest and matrix use and for displacements; in the latter, howlers crossed sugarcane plantation, dirt roads and barbed wire fences. “Travelling” occurred more frequently in the matrix and “feeding” was more frequent in the forest. Fifty-eight different plant species were consumed, including important resources obtained in the matrix. We provide evidence that anthropogenic matrices can be included as an important part of this species’ home range and food resources. This informa- tion provides support for planning urgently required habitat management strategies for the conservation of this species, aiming to ensure secure dispersal and reduce their exposure to conflict with humans and environmental constraints.
Trends in the use of studbooks in captive breeding programs of Neotropical primates
Authors: Muñoz-Lora María Laura , Gómez-Cadenas Kárem , Falla Ana Carolina , Soto-Calderón Iván Darío
Published: December 2023

Studbooks are databases of individual genealogical records of ex situ populations. Since they are an essential tool in man- agement and planning, we conducted a search of studbook reports to explore historical trends in breeding programs of Neotropical primates and implications for ex situ conservation. We accessed two databases: one made by the World Association of Zoos and Aquariums (WD) and another one compiled from academic reports and public internet records (PD). WD was comprised of 104 reports (1998-2011) from three habitat and seven non-habitat regions for 44 species. PD consisted of 222 reports for 34 species from two habitat and three non-habitat regions (1973-2019). International studbooks were more frequent in PD (82 %), whereas regional reports were more frequent in WD (55.8 %). Both databases showed that IUCN levels (LC, NT, VU, EN, CR and DD) with a larger number of species contain a larger number of species with studbooks and a larger number of studbooks. Therefore, there is a bias towards more studbooks on LC (Least Concern) species. Despite limitations in availability and access to studbook records, our results revealed a discrepancy between regions where in situ conservation and ex situ conservation actions have been made. This underscores the need for international cooperation to strengthen conservation efforts, build infrastructure, increase effective population sizes and ultimately establish viable populations. Finally, we advise assessing opportunities for ex situ conservation of threatened or DD (Data Deficient) species whose conservation in the wild is unlikely in the near future.
Reducción en la densidad poblacional del titi gris (Saguinus leucopus) en el oriente de Caldas, Colombia
Authors: Roncancio D. Néstor , Branch B. Jennifer , Moreno-Mancilla Oscar Felipe , Blanco N. María Isabel , Ospina H. Oscar , Guzmán Lina Marcela
Published: December 2023

El monitoreo de parámetros poblacionales es básico para formular y adaptar las estrategias de manejo de la vida silvestre. En el oriente de Caldas, en el marco de alianzas público-privadas, se han venido implementando estrategias de manejo y monitoreo de titi gris (Saguinus leucopus) como especie prioritaria para la región. Esta especie está En Peligro debido a la reducción y fragmentación de su hábitat y a la cacería por comercio. Durante el 2015 se llevaron a cabo estimaciones de densidad poblacional para actualizar el diagnóstico del estado de conservación del primate y compararlo con estimaciones previas de 2006 y 2008. En este muestreo, las densidades encontradas en el oriente de Caldas estuvieron entre 14 y 109ind/km2. Para dos de las cuatro localidades en donde se hizo un segundo muestreo se presentaron reducciones del 61 y 70 % en comparación con el 2008. Es altamente probable que estas disminuciones estén asociadas a cacería por comercio producto del aumento de la accesibilidad por los cambios sociopolíticos de la región.
Retos en la implementación de lineamientos de la UICN para la rehabilitación y liberación de primates traficados en Perú
Authors: Mitman Siena , Rosenbaum Marieke , Bello Raul , Knapp Cambrey , Nutter Felicia , Mendoza Ana Patricia
Published: December 2023

La rehabilitación y liberación de primates no humanos después del decomiso, entrega o abandono durante el tráfico de vida silvestre tiene repercusiones para la conservación, el bienestar del animal y la salud pública. Riesgos asociados con la liberación de primates incluyen el daño al ecosistema, la incapacidad de los primates liberados de participar en comportamientos sociales y de alimentación normales, y la diseminación de patógenos. La Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza (UICN) tiene varios lineamientos para la rehabilitación y liberación de primates traficados con la intención de minimizar estos riesgos, aunque se sabe poco sobre el uso de estos lineamientos durante el decomiso, rehabilitación y liberación de primates o sobre los retos que enfrentan a los que intentan implementar dichos lineamientos en contextos específicos. Como una de las principales fuentes en el comercio de primates neotropicales en el mundo, el Perú tiene una población de primates particularmente vulnerable a las consecuencias negativas de la liberación de los primates traficados. Este estudio utilizó entrevistas semiestructuradas y encuestas estructuradas a 19 personas involucradas en el decomiso, rehabilitación y/o liberación de primates en Perú y descubrió que el conocimiento y la implementación de los lineamientos de la UICN son mínimos. Las oportunidades detectadas para mejorar la implementación de estos lineamientos en Perú incluyen: ampliar la participación y el apoyo del gobierno, adaptar los lineamientos a contextos y ubicaciones específicos, y establecer una plataforma para mayor comunicación, cooperación e investigación entre los que realizan este trabajo
Oropendola nest predation and rodent consumption by the black-capped capuchin (Sapajus apella) in the Manu Biosphere Reserve, Peru
Authors: Lee Andrew , Huang Michelle
Published: December 2023

Capuchins (Cebus and Sapajus spp.) are generalist primates, occurring in most Neotropical forest types where they forage opportunistically (Sabbatini et al., 2008; Lynch Alfaro et al., 2012; Boubli et al., 2020). They exploit a diverse variety of food sources, such as fruit, seeds, arthropods and a wide array of vertebrate prey (Rose, 1997; Albuquerque et al., 2014; Watts, 2020). Their foraging strategy is highly resourceful and adaptive, and they are often considered important predators of nests (Canale and Bernardo, 2016; Watts, 2020), including those of caiman (Torralvo et al., 2017), coatis (Rose, 1997; Ferrari, 2009) and especially of birds (Watts, 2020). In this work, we report observations of a foraging event by the black-capped capuchin, Sapajus apella (Linnaeus, 1758), a widely distributed platyrrhine species, common across much of the Amazon basin (Boubli et al., 2020). This report involves the first record of nest predation of the russet-backed oropendola, Psarocolius angustifrons (von Spix, 1824), by a primate, as well as the predation of arboreal rice rats, Oecomys sp. (Thomas, 1906).
¿Cuántas especies de primates hay en Honduras?
Authors: Turcios-Casco Manfredo Alejandro , Soler-Orellana José Alejandro , Meza-Flores David E.
Published: December 2023

No abstract
Why neotropical primatologists should read Opossums
Authors: Lynch Jessica W.
Published: December 2023

Book Review of: Robert S. Voss and Sharon A. Jansa (2021) Opossums: An Adaptive Radiation of New World Marsupials. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore. 313 pp. ISBN: 9781421439785 (hardcover), 9781421439792 (ebook). 
The challenges of primate research and conservation in Paraguay
Authors: Smith Rebecca L. , Santacruz Jorge Damián Ayala , Smith Paul
Published: December 2023

The primate fauna of Paraguay consists of just five species (Sapajus cay, Alouatta caraya, Aotus azarae, Plecturocebus pallescens and Mico melanurus) and has been largely overlooked by the international primatological community. Not-withstanding, Paraguay currently has the second highest deforestation rate in Latin America and the threats facing Paraguayan primates are as severe as anywhere else on the continent. Primate conservation in Paraguay is complicated by the complete absence of a homegrown primatological research community and the country lacks the solid biological research foundation required for the development of robust management strategies. Only one university degree in biology is available in the country (with the Universidad Nacional de Asunción), and opportunities for postgraduate education in biological sciences require studying abroad, whilst the limited number of career opportunities upon graduation mean that those receiving such training frequently prefer to pursue their career elsewhere rather than return to the country to practice. No higher education courses in primatology are currently available in Paraguay. Fundación Para La Tierra (PLT) is a Paraguayan conservation and education NGO (80086144-2), founded in 2010. PLT focuses on conservation of Paraguay’s natural habitats through scientific research, community engagement and education, and implements Paraguay’s only long-term primatology research projects: the “Hooded Capuchin Project” conserving Sapajus cay in what little remains of the Upper Paraná Atlantic Forest and the “Urban Howler Monkey Project” researching the behavioural ecology of Alouatta caraya inhabiting the city of Pilar. The PLT primate projects adopt a multi-faceted approach: long-term scientific research, training and supporting local people with an interest in primates, supervision of international students and environmental education in schools. In this article we will discuss the challenges of develop- ing such a project, and a vision for the future of primatology in Paraguay.
Terrestrial feeding on fruits of Mauritia flexuosa (Arecaceae) by Saimiri macrodon
Authors: Heymann Eckhard W. , Dolotovskaya Sofya
Published: December 2023

No abstract