bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physical fundamental of layered structure stability of river-sea region (on the example of the Kola Bay)
Authors: Bardan S.І. , Dolgonosov B.M. , Serbov N.G.
Published: November 2018

Introduction. The process of transfer of dissolved salts in the mixing zone of river-sea in the early stages of mixing. Using the equation of convection-diffusion of impurity transport using variable coefficients of diffusion processes for the analysis of neighborhoods interfaces solutions. The analytical description and modeling of the processes and to assess their impact on the various components of the ecosystem.

The experimental data. We used materials of field observations in the areas of water mixing Kola Bay total length of over 60 km. and the period of renovation of water in the mixing zone, depending on the season at 3-10 days. The results of measurements of the hydrophysical parameters in Kola Bay are presented according to the 25 stations separately for spring and autumn seasons, with a total of more than 5600 field observations.

Results. On the basis of the analytical solution of the problem set that microcurrents gradient across the axis of elongation of form bi-layer hydrodynamic barrier layer, with the effect of blocking the diffusion of ion transport, which contributes to the conservation and sustainability of the layered structures. The results of field measurements for the Kola Bay, confirming the theoretical conclusions. Lamellar structure is formed in the areas of initial contact treatment of various origins, comes from a steady beam isohaline 10-33 ‰, which spreads along the fiber with isohaline 24,7 ‰, extending the strong deceleration at a steady angle of inclination of the border section area of river-sea.

Conclusions. The theoretical conclusions about the formation of a special layer at the boundaries of the mixing zone, the physical effect of blocking ion transport and accelerates the heat transfer through the boundary between fresh and marine waters. Modeling of pollutant transport model for lamellar. Various models of formation of the layered structure in contact marine and fresh waters with different ionic composition.
Changes of weather conditions in Ukraine under climate changes
Authors: Khokhlov V.M. , Borovska H.O. , Umanska O.V. , Tenetko M.S.
Published: November 2018

The paper analyzes spatiotemporal features the indices of hot, cold and precipitation that are related to weather conditions. The temperature in Ukraine tends to be higher, which is the main regional feature of global climate changes. The North Atlantic Oscillation had an influence on the precipitation in Ukraine – weather is rainier during its negative phases. Also, colder night and hotter days were more frequent during negative phases of the NAO. This fact can be explained by enhancing meridional flows in Ukraine. The wavelet analysis also revealed an impact of the NAO on temperature anomalies – positive phases determined increasing monthly minimum temperatures before the 1980s and decreasing ones after 1980s. Also, the wavelet analysis showed that the Nor-th Atlantic Oscillation influenced the precipitation in northern and southern parts of Ukraine in different ways.
Current distribution of wind in Morocco
Authors: Slizhе M.O. , Semergei-Chumachenko A.B. , Youssef El Hadri
Published: November 2018

Information about wind is widely used in many sectors of the economy. Wind also causes many dangerous and extreme weather events. Modern climate changes require a certain revision of weather patterns previously accepted for the area. This article provides information on the current space and time distribution of wind characteristics within the territory of Morocco. During the period of 2005-2014 some monthly average wind speed values and data on repeatability of wind directions by gradations were obtained on the basis of physical and statistical analysis of results of observations of wind speed and directions performed at 26 stations.

The authors defined the character of distribution of monthly averages of wind speed within the territory and its seasonal changes. Most of the territory is covered by mountains of Morocco which encourages development of local winds. At central and northern regions of Morocco predominance of weak winds due to complex orography of terrain is observed. In the central part of Morocco there is a region with the lowest values of wind speed. Formation of the wind regime at the coastal stations takes place in a developed breeze circulation. Wind speed and direction are significantly different at the nearby stations, such as Larache and Chefchaouen, Meknes and Fez.

Increase of wind during the warmer half of a year was revealed at all stations. Nature of annual variation of average wind speed at the stations allows us to split the stations into two groups. The first group includes the stations where the average wind speed increases in summer and decreases in winter. The second group includes the stations where the average wind speed increases in spring and decreases in autumn. In the southern part and along the coast, where the terrain is flat, an increase of wind speed is observed. On open plains of the southern part of Atlantic coast during all seasons wind has a direction corresponding to direction of trade winds of the Northern hemisphere. It should be noted that the main factor forming air circulation within the territory of Morocco is represented by trade winds the intensity of which nearly doubles from summer to winter.

Formation of wind directions at the stations takes place mainly under the influence of terrain of the area. At many stations predominant wind direction in January changes by 180º in comparison to the respective July values. Therefore, characteristics of the wind regime of Morocco in 2005-2014 consist in increase of wind speed in the coastal zone and decrease thereof in mountain areas together with presence of two types of annual variation of wind speed depending on physical and geographical conditions.
Characteristic of radiation and thermal resources in Ukraine for the period up to 2050 under conditions of climate change
Authors: Pol'ovyy A.M. , Bozko L.Y.
Published: November 2018

The article considers parameters of heat and radiation regime within natural and climatic zones of Ukraine for the period of 1986 - 2005 in comparison with their expected changes calculated with regard to two scenarios of climate change: RCP4,5 and RCP8,5 for the period up to 2050. It is noted that during the period up to 2050 there will be an increase of parameters of radiation and thermal regime observed within all natural and climatic zones of Ukraine based on the calculations related to both scenarios. Increase of values of parameters of radiation regime will be observed mainly in the second half of summer and in early autumn. Due to increased amounts of solar radiation in some regions of Ukraine amount of temperatures during the period in question will increase as well with air temperatures exceeding 5°C. However expected increase of amount of temperatures will not exceed 200°C. Increase of amount of temperatures will promote better heat supply for agricultural crops.
Modelling of grains’ shoots formation
Authors: Polevoy A.N. , Sinitsyna V.V.
Published: November 2018

The processes of seed germination and shoots formation of crops caused by environmental factors are investigated. Also existing approaches to the modelling of this period, modelling of processes taking place in a seed during its germination, shoots formation are investigated, the structure of the developed model of the period of sowing - rise of shoots is described, as well as the results of numerical experiments. The specified model is aimed at overcoming the disadvantages and improving previous models of the period of sowing - rise of shoots. Development of this model is based on the achieved level of modelling of shoots formation with introduction of certain modifications. The model takes into account both physical processes taking place in a seed prior to germination of shoots and physiological and biochemical processes such as hydrolysis of endosperm reserves, respiration, distribution of hydrolysis products within axial organs and their growth. The model is implemented on a PC using Microsoft Office Excel. Many numerical experiments were carried out in order to investigate sensitivity of the model to changes of environmental conditions during germination of seeds. It was found that main agrometeorological factors affecting the time of emergence and completeness of germination are temperature, humidity and soil density. Influence of soil moisture becomes the most apparent at the stage of absorption and accumulation of moisture by a seed starting from sowing to beginning of growth process. Provided that there are optimum moisture and temperature, density of soil appears to be limiting factor affecting shoots formation: if soil density increases duration of shoots emergence increases as well. Developed dynamic model allows determining the date of shoots emergence, their field germination rate, distribution of particular number of plants of with different depth of seeds covering and a number of plants per particular unit of area.
Results of the numerical modelling of intra-annual variability of characteristics of the hydrological regime of the Kuyalnik Liman lagoon
Authors: Tuchkovenko Yu. S. , Kushnir D. V.
Published: November 2018

In order to solve the problems of diagnosis and forecast of spatial-temporal variability of hydrological characteristics of the Kuyalnik Liman (water level, salinity and temperature) which cause chemical and biological processes occurring therein, and, therefore, affect the properties of brine and therapeutic mud, a non-stationary 3D numerical hydrothermodynamic model Delft3D-FLOW was applied.

The model can be applied for research of the features and forecasting of spatial-temporal variability of hydrological characteristics of the Kuyalnik Liman under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors forming its hydrological regime. Such opportunity is also indicated by the results of adaptation of the model to the Kuyalnik Liman conditions and its validation that are specified in this work.

The important role of accounting of small streams flowing into the liman and accurate setting of intensity of storm rainfall during modelling is also shown. It is found that at the time of storm winds with longitudinal directions in relation to the liman’s water surface, the difference of watermarks in its northern and southern parts may reach 0.35-0.4 m.
Possible impacts of temperature changes on recreational and tourist activities in Ukraine’s regions
Authors: Safranov T. , Khokhlov V. , Volkov A.
Published: November 2018

Temperature is one of the main meteorological parameters. It determines the weather and climatic conditions, and impacts on human activities. Weather and climate conditions (precisely air temperature) are the most important factors which affect natural and recreational resources and also stipulate recreational and tourist activities. The article discusses the possible impact of air temperature changes from 2021 to 2050 on recreational and tourist activities in Ukrainian regions. We have analyzed the data gathered by 85 observation stations which are located in various Ukrainian regions. The analysis was based on scenario due to average level of greenhouse gases emissions (medium climate change pattern) for 30 years (2021-2050). The coastal zone in North-western part of the Black Sea has one of the high level of recreational-tourism potential. The fore-cast in this region makes rather small increasing of the temperature in summer time. So, it has not significant influence to the present forms of recreation and tourism activities. The research indicates that changes in average annual, average summer and winter air temperatures according to the scenario will not significantly affect the possibility of summer recreational and tourism activities. Also climate changes will not affect sustainable development of recreation and the level of thermal impact on recreants (tourists) within Ukrainian regions. Following this climate change scenario we don’t anticipate significant deterioration of weather conditions for winter recreation and tourism activities, especially for the Ukrainian Carpathians.
An assessment of spatiotemporal distribution of drought in Transcarpathian region during the nearest perspective until 2050
Authors: Semenova I. G.
Published: November 2018

The paper describes the features of spatiotemporal distribution of drought at long-time periods in Transcarpathian region under the projected temperature and precipitation regime in the period of  2020-2050. Analysis of temperature and moisture conditions was produced using the CORDEX climate modeling data for climate scenarios of RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. It is shown that an increase of mean annual air temperature at the stations will occur mainly due to increasing of winter temperatures in both scenarios. The average annual precipitation sum will increase insignificantly, but will be observed the opposite trends in winter and summer precipitation. Evaluation of spatial and temporal distribution of drought using drought index SPEI showed that expected a general increase of the regional aridity during the studied period. Weak droughts will be prevail in both scenarios with amount about 7-11 cases per 31 years. At the same time, under the relatively mild scenario RCP4.5 the droughts are predicted more intensive, and under both scenarios the total number of moderate and severe droughts increases on time scales more than one year. The time course of dry and wet periods almost the opposite between scenarios, but in both scenarios is expected an increase of duration and intensity of drought episodes after mid of 2030s.
Development of a calculation method for the suspended load in rivers of upper and central Dniester
Authors: Melnyk S. V. , Loboda N. S.
Published: November 2018

Studying of modern suspended load has practical value for the development of actions for regulation and stabilization of fluvial geomorphological processes. Work purpose: the creation of a regional method of calculation of suspended load in the absence of these observations. As a result of the use of the method of linear multiple regression with a step-by-step choice of optimum predictors the equations for calculation of average long-term modulus of suspended load of upper and middle part of the Dniester River are received. The main predictors are the average height of river basin, a share of groundwater inflow of the rivers, hydraulicity of a river, distance from the next reservoir located above on current, bias. The received equations have regional character and de-scribe patterns of a spacing of suspended load on the areas allocated on the basis of cluster analysis: Carpathian (right-bank in-flows), Podolsk left-bank and Dniester left-bank, separated by Toltri. It is established that for Podoliya's rivers (left-bank inflows) it is reasonable to carry out calculations of suspended load for water content phases. The accuracy of calculations at the application of the developed equations is higher in comparison with earlier offered techniques.
Change of hydrological and morphometric characteristics of Kuyalnik Liman after inflow of seawater
Authors: Adobovsky V. V. , Sokolov E. V.
Published: November 2018

The water level of the liman, volume and area of surface reduced to record low values as a result of intensification of evaporation process in 2014. By the autumn of 2014 the liman was on the verge of extinction. Entry of seawater in the liman through the pipeline began in December of 2014 to prevent environmental degradation of the liman.

Purpose of this publication consists in analyzing the changes of hydrological and morphometric characteristics of Kuyalnik liman in 2014-2016 associated inflow of sea water.

Methods of study. Hydrological and morphometric characteristics of the liman were calculated on the basis of: field studies, bathygraphic curves, data of satellite images «Landsat».

Results. There was dynamics of change of water surface area, volume, level and salinity of  liman’s water during the driest periods, at the time and after the inflow of seawater into the liman. The results of measurements of discharge of seawater and coastal watercourses. The effect of evaporative processes taking into account temperature conditions (Odessa, Lyubashevka) on liman’s hydraulicity after the cessation of seawater supply was analyzed.

Conclusion. Inflow of seawater into the liman after the first entry of seawater allowed to temporarily stabilize water-salt regime of the liman, however, hydrological and morphometric characteristics of the liman in autumn of 2015 almost returned to the values of early autumn of 2014. During subsequent inflows of seawater into the liman it is desirable to maintain the regime observed during the inflow of water in 2014-2016.
Problems and prospects of climatology development in Ukraine
Authors: Balabukh V. , Khokhlov V.
Published: November 2018

The article analyzes the current state of climatology in Ukraine, the problems and prospects for its development. It is shown that although Ukraine the signed the Paris Agreement and this fact is very important for the development of modern climatology, Ukraine's state policy on climate change has a fragmented character and is currently considered exclusively as a component of environmental policy. The lack of systems approach to the problem of climate change makes it impossible to make management decisions on actions for climate change adaptation and mitigation at the scale of whole economy of Ukraine. At the same time, the new tasks, which are due to the expediency of ratification by Ukraine of the Paris Agreement and the further implementation of its provisions, require the development of a coherent and consistent state policy on climate change. The main scientific directions of the development of climate services in Ukraine are presented in accordance with the Global Framework for Climate Services. The main tasks for each element of climate services – a platform for interaction with users, an information system for climate services, observing and monitoring systems, capacity development – are outlined for Ukraine, problems are indicated and prospective directions of development are proposed.
Statistical structure of the fields of geopotential heights of 850 hPA pressure level in the western sector of the Southern hemisphere
Authors: Shkolnyy E. P. , Sushchenko A. I.
Published: November 2018

Study of the El Niño-La Niña is a major challenge for the scientific community. In addition to the impact on weather and climate in different regions of the Earth, this phenomenon is associated with the socio-economic impact for many countries. The task of such a large-scale phenomenon prognosis is associated with considerable difficulties, one of the main problems is the infrequency of its occurrence and changes in the characteristics between the events. Therefore, a comprehensive study of its urgent task for the international scientific community. This paper presents the results of a study of the statistical structure of the fields of geopotential heights of 850 hPa pressure level in the western sector of the Southern hemisphere. The study was conducted using a component analysis. Decomposition fields of principal components in different scales are shown. Filtered field anomalies suggest tendencies of formation of the zonal Walker' cells, characteristic for the warm period of El Niño, La Niña, when the structure of the Walker' cell is less pronounced. Tendencies offset to the east of the Pacific high in the Southern Hemisphere to split it into two parts, as can be seen from the fields of geopotential height anomalies. The zonal circulation Walker' cell in the warm and cold phases of ENSO is clearly appeared in the fields of geopotential heights, when is highlight the part caused by the second principal components.
Agroclimatic zoning of the northern grain-producing territory of Kazakhstan
Authors: Baisholanov S. S. , Polevoy A. N.
Published: November 2018

Introduction. The existing agroclimatic handbooks in Kazakhstan are outdated in informational and technological relation. Therefore it is necessary to conduct reassessment of agroclimatic resources.

Purpose. The agroclimatic zoning  of  the territory of  northern Kazakhstan in terms of heat supply and moisture content.

Methods. Data of meteorological stations over 1981-2014 were used. Methods of statistic and climatologic processing of data were applied. Agroclimatic maps were developed using the ArcGIS 10.1 software.

Results. Analysis of spatial distribution of values of moisture coefficient K and sums of active air temperatures above 10оC provided an opportunity to single out 6 agroclimatic zones of plain territory of Kazakhstan. Zones from 3 to 6 are subdivided into two types in terms of thermal conditions. There are 3 agroclimatic zones singled out within the territory of North Kazakhstan Region, 4 zones – in Kostanai region, 4 zones – in Akmola region, 2 zones – in Pavlodar region. Distribution of drought characteristics, hot dry winds and climatic terms for beginning of spring field works within Akmola region's agroclimatic zones was given as an example for systematization of spatial distribution of respective values.

The first zone with moderately humid and moderately warm climate has severe droughts with recurrence of 2%, hot winds of moderate intensity are observed during 2-3 days, climatic terms for beginning of spring field works fall on 15th-19th of May. The fourth zone with moderately dry and warm climate has severe droughts with recurrence of 30-35%, hot winds of moderate intensity are observed during 20-25 days, climatic terms for beginning of spring field works fall on 5th-7th of May.

Conclusions. There are 3 agroclimatic zones singled out within the territory of North Kazakhstan Region, 4 zones – in Kostanai region, 4 zones – in Akmola region, 2 zones – in Pavlodar region.
Hydrological science in universities and perspectives of its further development in Ukraine
Authors: Khilchevskyi V. K. , Gopchenko E. D. , Loboda N. S. , Obodovskyi O. G. , Grebin V. V. , Shakirzanova Zh. R. , Yushchenko Y. S. , Sherstyuk N. P. , Ovcharuk V. A.
Published: November 2018

Development of the Hydrology in universities of Ukraine is the formation and development of scientific schools, which promote of the better training of professionals.

Purpose of the article - to show the history of hydrological science in higher educational institutions of Ukraine, the formation of scientific schools, their achievements and problems, outline prospects for the development of Hydrology in universities .

The article presents the history of hydrological science in higher educational institutions of Ukraine since 1922, when E. Oppokov first time in Ukraine established the Department of  Hydrology at the Kiev Polytechnic Institute, that passed difficult path of transformation and now is presented at the National University of Water Management and Nature (Rivne). It was described the development of hydrology at the Odessa State Environmental University (since 1932), Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University (since 1946), Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv (since 1949), Oles Gonchar Dnipro National University (since 2008). The results of the work of scientists hydrologists at these universities, especially Odessa scientific school of theoretical and applied hydrology and Kiev University scientific school of hydrochemistry and hydroecology was considered.

Hydrological Sciences at the Universities of Ukraine have a long tradition that has formed during last century. In general, it is today developing in the mainstream global hydrology. Prospects of Hydrological Sciences is closely linked to prospects of the national economy. Ukrainian hydrologists must work more closely with international institutions on joint research projects. The task of universities is not only intensify research, but also in improving the training of specialists hydrologists from the time when hydrology was included in "Earth Sciences".
Normal law of distribution of wind velocity vector in polar coordinates
Authors: Shkolnyy E. P.
Published: November 2018

It is impossible to organize wind energy systems without studying of wind speed regime at the surface layer of the atmosphere within a specific area and at climatic scales. Such studies are often accompanied by approximations of probabilities of wind speed performed in the form of normal law of a system of random values presented by a zonal u and a meridional u which are components of a wind speed vector. It is suggested that, for the purposes of wind energy, display of a wind speed vector in polar coordinates (r, α) where r is a module of wind speed and α is a polar angle appears to be more preferable. The article shows a transform from a normal law of distribution of probabilities with density f(u,u) to a normal law distribution with density f(r,α) completed by means of functional transformation with elliptic dispersion in place. Based on a normal law of distribution f(r,α) and through integration with respect to corresponding variables individual distributions of probabilities f(r) and f(α)  as well as conditional distributions of probabilities f(r/α)  and f(α/r)  were obtained in the areas of their existence. The article shows individual distributions in case of circular and elliptic dispersion of a wind speed vector. It shows that an individual distribution of a wind speed probability in case of circular dispersion and in the absence of correlated dependence turns into the Rayleigh's distribution and a conditional distribution of a polar angle degenerates in an even distribution. The cases of distributions with dispersions of a wind speed module having elliptic properties subject to availability of correlated connection between wind speed components were also studied. Calculation of probabilities of a polar angle being within different sections of the area 0≤α≤2π with set values of a wind speed module also took place. Numerical experiments proved the advantage of such modeling of distributions of wind speed vector.
Hydrodynamic instability in the cold-core low area and its effect on the weather
Authors: Ivus G. P. , Khomenko G. V. , Kovalkov I. A. , Sosmiy E. V.
Published: November 2018

Cold-core lows are poorly understood cyclones, but they significantly impact on the formation of weather conditions in Ukraine, especially in its central and western regions.

In the paper, the evolution of a cold-core low, which is associated with the enlargement of rainfall areas with thunderstorms over the Western Europe and Ukraine. The low formed on July 21tst, 2014, in a deep cold trough of a Rossby wave over Atlantic Europe. During period 21-24 July the low was moving to the East and there were precipitation zones under its eastern part. Therefore, sizes of precipitation zones cannot always be explained by impact of front and thermic instability, in this paper it is tried to assess hydrodynamic instability in forming of precipitation in a cold-core low. The research method is based on the use of the linear theory of the hydrodynamic instability of the zonal flow with Rossby waves.

To investigate barotropic instability fields of meridional profiles of absolute vorticity. It is shown that flow in which the low moved was barotropic unstable. Using baroclinic instability characteristics (Phillips’s criterion) Baroclinic zones were revealed in atmospheric fronts and in northern part of area in question.

It has been shown that hydrodynamic instability, both barotropic and baroclinic, in the eastern part of the cold-core low leads to intensification of atmospheric processes on the fronts, which was revealed to strengthening of precipitation and in the enlargement of zones of their formation.
Discomfort of weather conditions during winter period in Ukraine
Authors: Malytska L. V.
Published: November 2018

At the end of the XX century and at the beginning of the XXI century climate change was one of the major problems of international community. Today the problem is still relevant. This is due to a significant change of living conditions of population, especially due to thermal regime change which serves as the main factor directly determining comfort of weather and heat balance of a human body.

In winter period weather comfort depends on the combination of low temperature and high wind speed. It enhances a negative impact on human beings and indicates winter severity in general. This article describes discomfort of weather conditions during winter season in Ukraine. Basic characteristics of thermal regime and wind regime reflecting general features of discomfort during this season are discussed. Estimate of discomfort also includes calculation of comfort indexes – special mathematical formulas that formalize the influence of main meteorological parameters on a human body.

Since the beginning of the XXI century there is a tendency to reduction of cold discomfort in Ukraine. Such reduction is associated with reduction of the Bodman index values. The Siple and Passel index (atmosphere cooling capacity) has the same tendency. In most regions of Ukraine the reality of such changes for both indexes constitutes 90–99 %.
Analysis of climate change in Dnipropetrovsk Region
Authors: Hrynchak V. V.
Published: November 2018

The decision about writing this article was made after familiarization with the "Brief Climatic Essay of Dnepropetrovsk City (prepared based on observations of 1886 – 1937)" written by the Head of the Dnipropetrovsk Weather Department of the Hydrometeorological Service A. N. Mikhailov.

The guide has a very interesting fate: in 1943 it was taken by the Nazis from Dnipropetrovsk and in 1948 it returned from Berlin back to the Ukrainian Hydrometeorological and Environmental Directorate of the USSR, as evidenced by a respective entry on the Essay's second page.

Having these invaluable materials and data of long-term weather observations in Dnipro city we decided to analyze climate changes in Dnipropetrovsk region.

The article presents two 50-year periods, 1886-1937 and 1961-2015, as examples. Series of observations have a uniform and representative character because they were conducted using the same methodology and results processing.

We compared two main characteristics of climate: air temperature and precipitation.

The article describes changes of average annual temperature values and absolute temperature values. It specifies the shift of seasons' dates and change of seasons' duration.

We studied the changes of annual precipitation and peculiarities of their seasonable distribution. Apart from that peculiarities of monthly rainfall fluctuations and their heterogeneity were specified.

Since Dnipro city is located in the center of the region the identified tendencies mainly reflect changes of climatic conditions within the entire Dnipropetrovsk region.
Evaluation of future trends of characteristics change of hydrological regime of rivers of the Southern Buh basin in the winter period
Authors: Rachmatullina E. R. , Grebin V. V.
Published: November 2018

Introduction. Climate changes occurring in recent decades determine the relevance of the problem of forecasting such changes in future both globally and regionally. After all, knowledge of climate's behavior in future is very important when carrying out an analysis of trends of  hydrological characteristics change. Significant increase of the global surface air temperature observed since the end of the 20th century is mainly caused by increase of concentration of greenhouse gases generated as a result of industrial activity. Thus, climate changes could not but affect the continental water resources and in particular the processes taking place in rivers.

Purpose. Assessment of change of surface air layer during the winter period within the South-ern Buh Basin and assessment of change of the hydrological regime of the basin's rivers following the changes of air temperature.

Methods of research. This study is based on the data for the winter period obtained from 24 hydrological station and 15 meteorological stations within the Southern Buh River Basin. With assistance of scientists of the Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Institute and using the regional climate model REMO for A1B scenario forecast values of air temperature were calculated.

Results of research. The main regularities of studied characteristics change for the period of 2031-2050 were determined on the basis of prepared calculation dependences of the characteristics of ice and thermal regimes of the studied basin's rivers and obtained forecast values of air temperature. According to the climatologists' calculations there is a tendency of air temperature increase during the forecast period, and, respectively, increase of water temperature and decrease of ice period duration of the rivers within the Southern Buh Basin.

Summary (conclusions and author's recommendations). The results of the carried out research indicate the fact that the trend of increase of surface air layer temperature and change of main characteristics of ice and thermal regimes of the basin's rivers formed at the end of 20th - the beginning of the 21th century will develop in future.
Evaluation of the influence of climate change on the productivity of millet in the central part of Ukraine
Authors: Danilova N. V.
Published: November 2018

Climate change is a change of climatic conditions in the global atmosphere and on the Earth in general (or within its individual zones or territories) caused directly or indirectly due by the human activity on the planet, which are overlaid on the natural climatic variations (fluctuations) and ob-served during comparable periods of time.

   Both the climate of Ukraine and the global climate are changing, but warming within our terri-tory progresses even faster than in other regions of the Northern Hemisphere.

Ukraine in general and southern regions in particular are becoming increasingly vulnerable to climate change – droughts, extremely high temperatures, inefficient precipitation, reduced irrigated area cause of precipitation amount and regime, severer and more long-lasting droughts, reduced water availability.

The majority of arable land in Ukraine are located in zones of unstable and insufficient humidity, it is quite possible that for plant growing, especially for growing winter crops and early spring crops, climate change will rather have a positive effect than negative one.

Among the main types of cereals millet is the most common one. It is valuable for its groats, which is known by its high eating quality.

Millet as a fast-growing crop having a certain agrotechnical importance: it is used as a backup crop for re-sowing dead winter crops and is suitable for stubble and post-harvest sowing, it also can be used as a cover culture for perennial grass.

Millet is one of the most drought-resistant and heat-resistant crops. It is able to withstand heat injuries which is very important in arid areas and during dry years, when other grain crops have reduced yield. Millet suffers less from pests and diseases than other crops.

The task was to evaluate the agro-climatic conditions of millet crops formation in the central part of Ukraine under conditions of climate change. The study of the impact of climate change on the formation of millet productivity for different time intervals was performed by comparing the data of the RCP scenario and the average long-term climatic and agro-climatic parameters. The in-fluence of agroclimatic conditions on the dynamics of increase of agroecological yield of different levels is also assessed.
Main sources of unintentional production of persistent organic pollutants (the case of Odessa)
Authors: Mykhailenko V. I. , Shanina T. P. , Safranov T. A.
Published: November 2018

Persistent organic pollutants represent a serious global threat to human health and the environment. They have certain properties: resistance to decomposition, bioaccumulation, extreme toxicity, even at ultra-low concentrations, ability to transboundary transfer and deposition. Unfortunately, there is no separate normative and legislative base regulating production of persistent organic pollutants in Ukraine. All norms and rules regulating such pollutants formation are included in a large number of various legislative acts and this does not allow systematization and specification of the actions associated with treatment of POPs. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the main sources of unintentional formation of persistent organic pollutants (using Odessa as an example). As part of the study it was established that the main sources of unintentional formation of POPs in Odessa are: combustion of organic fuels by stationary and mobile sources; production of building materials; open landfills of solid household waste; smoking of meat and fish products; functioning of crematoria; tobacco smoking; functioning of the city sewage system. The analysis of the legislative base of Ukraine is carried out which resulted in making a conclusion that there is no separate normative and legislative base regulating production of persistent organic pollutants in Ukraine. For the first time the list of the main sources of unintentional formation of these pollutants was established for Odessa with estimation, using the most advanced European methods, of the mass of persistent organic pollutants formed from each type of above-stated production facilities, and estimation of the total mass of their generation over the territory of Odessa. Since different techniques give results in different units of measurement, a transition to one unit of measurement was performed. Based on the concept of maximum permissible concentration (MPC), the permissible number of molecules of POPs equivalent to 2,3,7,8- tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD) which can enter the body of one person through respiratory organs was calculated. A comparison with the number of molecules of 2,3,7,8-TCDD entering the atmosphere in a permissible quantity per 1 citizen of was carried out and corresponding conclusions based on calculations of unintentional formation of POPs in Odessa during one year were made. Also, based on the obtained results, priority sources of unintentional production of persistent organic pollutants were established which allows correct and timely implementation of appropriate measures to reduce formation of these polluting substances.
Analiza izmjere Keopsove piramide
Authors: Janjanin Bojan , Beban-Brkić Jelena
Published: November 2018

The topic of this paper is an analysis of the survey of Cheops pyramid (also known as the Great pyramid), the most significant of the three pyramids of the Giza complex, the archeological site on the plateau of Giza, situated on the periphery of Cairo. It is assumed that Cheops as well as Khafre and Menkaure pyramids were built around 2686 -- 2181 BC, known in the history as the Old Kingdom of Egypt. Our goal was to collect data about geodetic survey of Cheops pyramid and analyze it. Along with that, several hypotheses related to the construction method of the pyramid and possible purposes of the construction itself are described. When analyzing the survey, two numbers, also called ``two treasures of geometry'', are constantly appearing, these are the number Pi ($\pi$) and the Golden ratio or golden number Fi ($\varphi$). One of the chapters is dedicated to these numbers.
On Brocard Points of Harmonic Quadrangle in Isotropic Plane
Authors: Jurkin Ema , Volenec Vladimir
Published: November 2018

U radu se prikazuju neki novi rezultati o Brocardovim točkama harmoničnog četverokuta u izotropnoj ravnini. Konstruiraju se novi harmonični četverokuti pridruženi danom četverokutu, te se proučavaju njihova svojstva vezana uz Brocardove točke.
A historical approach to syphilis
infection in Korea
Authors: Hoon Shin Dong , Jin Lee Hye , Ha Hong Jong , Jin Woo Eun , Shin Eunkyoung , Kim Yi-Suk , Chul Ki Ho , Lee Eunju
Published: November 2018

From the end of the 15th century, syphilis spread worldwide, posing a serious threat to public health. Venereal syphilis has been a major research topic, not only in clinical medicine but also in paleopathology, especially because it is a disease of questionable origin and of high prevalence until the discovery of antibiotics. Syphilis in history has been studied extensively in Europe and the Americas, though less so in Asia. In this review, based on extant historical documents and available paleopathological data, we pinpoint the introduction and trace the spread of venereal syphilis in Korea to the end of the 19th century. This review provides
Nikolaos Louros (1898–1986)
Authors: G. Manidaki Anna , Tsiligianni Ioanna , Trompoukis Constatinos
Published: November 2018

The present article reports on the career of Professor Nikolaos Louros and his contribution to the development of obstetrics and gynaecology. The data presented is based on desk research with the aim to gather and analyse relevant credible information from documents existing in primary and secondary resources in the archive of Foundation History of Medicine N. Louros. As a Professor at the University of Athens, Louros introduced new teaching methods. His multifaceted work includes writing, teaching, research, and the clinical and laboratory context. His scientific interest covers all areas of obstetrics and gynaecology. Pioneering and progressive in the medical field, he invented new clinical and surgical methods with international appeal. As a director, Louros established innovative rules in the Maternity Hospitals he directed. He supported every effort aiming to protect maternity and the child, and adopted a new approach regarding the problem of home based obstetric help to the destitute women.
The Curative Role of Bitumen in Traditional Persian Medicine
Authors: Shahriari Mahdi , Zare Farzaneh , Nimrouzi Majid
Published: November 2018

Aim: Bitumen is a natural substance effusing from rocks’ notches in some highland areas; it has been known as an effective remedy for treating some illnesses. Considering pain relieving properties of bitumen in traditional Persian medicine (TPM) sources, this study aims to review the viewpoints of TPM sages regarding bitumen in the context of traditional Persian medicine. It also provides applicable information for interested researchers to conduct well-designed clinical trials and evaluate therapeutic effects of bitumen claimed in TPM sources. Material and method: Various databases including Embase, SID, IRANDOC, IranMedex, Scopus and PubMed were searched with keywords “bitumen” and “Shilajit”. Furthermore, main traditional Persian medicine sources including Avicenna’s “Canon of medicine”, “Continens Liber” by Razes, “The storehouse of medicaments” by Aghili, “Gift for the faithful” by Momen Tonekaboni and “Measure for medicine” written by Muhammad Akbar Shah Arzani were reviewed with Persian keywords “Moomiaii” and “Mumnaei” Results: According to TPM sources, bitumen was used by Iranian’s physicians to treat a wide range of diseases. It was known especially as an effective remedy to improve gastrointestinal digestive problems. Conclusion: Bitumen is cited in traditional Persian medicine sources as an effective remedy for treatment of a wide range of diseases, especially GI disorders and bone pain. Recent studies showed the beneficial effects of bitumen in treatment of wound healing, however using it in medical practice for other health dilemma should be confirmed by conducting well-designed clinical studies in the future.
Enrico Bottini (1835–1903), medico e politico Italiano
Authors: Martini Mariano , Bragazzi Nicola Luigi
Published: November 2018

Enrico Bottini (Stradella, Pavia, 7 settembre 1835 – Porto Maurizio, Sanremo, 11 marzo 1903) è stato un chirurgo poliedrico, che ha lasciato una forte impronta nella chirurgia moderna, non solo italiana, ma mondiale. Allievo di Porta e di Ribeti, nonché dell’insigne chirurgo e anatomista francese Charles-Marie-Édouard Chassaignac, si è dedicato nel corso della sua carriera a diversi ambiti della medicina, spaziando dalla batteriologia e dall’anti-sepsi (utilizzo di un derivato dell’acido fenico), alla chirurgia urologica (la cosiddetta “galvano-cauterizzazione endo-uretrale”, detta anche operazione di Bottini, o incisione perineale secondo Bottini). Si è anche dedicato con successo alla ginecologia (isterectomia trans-vaginale per cancro dell’utero e trattamento chirurgico delle fistole vescico-vaginali), alla chirurgia maxillo- facciale (interventi di resezione endo-orale del mascellare, di resezione sottoperiostea della mandibola, per la cura del serramento stabile della mandibola, amputazione totale della laringe e della lingua per carcinomi), alla dermochirurgia (utilizzo dell’elettrocauterio) e alla chirurgia vascolare (resezione della vena cava inferiore). È stato anche un importante politico italiano, prima come deputato e poi come senatore.
Turning control of a 3- Joint carangiform fish robot using sliding mode based controllers
Authors: Vo Tuong Quan
Published: November 2018

The fish robot is a new type of biomimetic underwater robot which is developing very fast in recent years by many researchers. Because it moves silently, saves energy, and is flexible in its operation in comparison to other kinds of underwater robots, such as Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROVs) or Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs). In this paper, we propose an efficient advanced controller that runs well in controlling the motion for our fish robot. First, we derive a new dynamic model of a 3-joint (4 links) Carangiform fish robot. The dynamic model also addresses the heading angle of a fish robot, which is not often covered in other research. Second, we present a Sliding Mode Controller (SMC) and a Fuzzy Sliding Mode Controller (FSMC) to the straight motion and turning motion of a fish robot. Then, in order to prove the effectiveness of the SMC and FSMC, we conduct some numerical simulations to show the feasibility or the advantage of these proposed controllers.
Applied value stream mapping lean production system clipsal Vietnam Co
Authors: Nguyen Phong Nhu , Vo Thanh Van , Ha Van Thi-Thuy
Published: November 2018

The paper applied Value Stream Mapping VSM for lean production system of Clipsal Viet Nam Co with reduces the time produc, improve productivity after reduces waste and increased on – time delivery rate.
Kemampuan Ibu Melakukan Stimulasi Untuk Perkembangan Bayi Usia 3-6 Bulan Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Puhjarak
Authors: Destiana Riska , Yani Erna Rahma , Yanuarini Triatmi Andri
Published: November 2018

Stimulation is one of the factors that affect a child’s development. The age of 3-6 months is included in the first 1000 days of life which is a critical period in which the child's brain begins to develop. Mothers can stimulate children according to their developmental stages. During infancy, a close relationship exists between the mother and child, so the influence of mother in educating the childis very big. The purpose of this study is to find out the correlation between the mothers ability to stimulate 3-6 months infant with their development in Puhjarak Community Health Center in Kediri Regency. The research desain used correlational study. The data collection was done by conducting cross sectional methods, with population of 38 mothers and their babies. The sampling used simple random sampling technique with total sample of 35 respondents who met the inclusion criteria. The analysis data used spearman rank showed p value 0,001. The conclution of this research was  there was a correlation between mothers ability to stimulate 3-6 months infant with their development in Puhjarak Community Health Center Kediri Regency. It is advisable for parents especially mothers to maintain or improve their ability to stimulate their children in all aspects of development in a balanced and appropriate waywith the infant’s age.