bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Harmonic analysis of the ensemble and singing pieces from Erdal Tugcular as an educational music composer
Authors: Bozkurt Hasan , Köse H. Seval
Published: January 2023

Considered as one of Turkish new generation composers, Erdal Tugcular is todayâ€™s one of the strongest representatives of the folklorism in our Polyphonic Contemporary Turkish Music based on the Turkish Five. Musical pieces of Tugcular which are frequently heard in various national and international concert programs are of value and significance with their educational function at various levels of music education.This study harmonically analyses the pieces composed for Ensembles and Singing by Erdal Tugcular who has produced compositions in various styles and forms. For this purpose, â€œOsmanÄ±mâ€ folk song composed for Singing with piano accompaniment and the polyphonic â€œRoad tunesâ€ piece composed for Ensemble were selected as samples among the compositions of Tugcular for Ensemble and Singing. The musical works selected are studied in terms of harmonic patterns and rules used in polyphonic singing.It is believed that the results of the study will contribute in the vocalization-rendition quality of the pieces analyzed and the realization of their educational functions.

 

Keywords: Erdal Tugcular, ensemble pieces, singing pieces, harmonic analysis.
Beyond the technological blindfold: a fundamental design research approach to sustainability
Authors: Thomas Lisa , Walker Stuart , Blair Lynne
Published: January 2023

Design for sustainability is contextualised within the modern worldview, which undermines notions of human meaning that accord with sustainability. A fundamental design research approach is presented, which responds to calls for more radical approaches to sustainability that account for deeper notions of human meaning â€“ notions that are lacking within dominant technological approaches. Two artefacts have been designed in response to philosophical perspectives that relate to the technological erosion of human meaning. It is argued that this form of fundamental design research could inform a higher education agenda that substantively contributes towards the development of more effective, rather than merely more efficient approaches to design for sustainability.Keywords: Design, sustainability, technology, meaning
Usage of experimental typography of book cover design in digital age
Authors: Çatal Didem
Published: January 2023

Hamish Muir says that, " Every type job is experiment" (P,Bil'ak, www.typotheque.com). Designers are using experimental approaches to book covers which is one of the many graphic design areas where we encounter with fonts and they are trying to keep their designs alive and different via innovative solutions. Typographic approaches are changing with todayâ€™s technological developments and experimental researches affects book covers too. Developments in software regarding design enable using many applications simultaneously. Experimental researches, discoveries and interpretation of typography and images in an unexpected way empower communication. Different is always appealing. Therefore designers choose to do attractive and marketable designs and lay the foundation of new on this path which started as experimental. Definition of typography, common application areas and book covers which is one of these areas will be examined within this study and analyzes about usage of experimental typography will be conducted. Experimental approach process, its result and affects will be investigated and findings about necessity of experimental typography will be tried to find.Keywords: experimental typography, digital age, book cover design.
A historical comperative analysis of european and asian interior spaces through cultural background
Authors: Tüfekçioğlu Dilara
Published: January 2023

Interior design entered the human life together with the need for housing, and has been developed in respect to several needs. But after a certain point, the development process has shown an improvement in their separated into different branches. Different lifestyles of different communities living in different geographies, in short, cultural differentiation have caused variation in interior design. Throughout the history, culture, by means of its elements, creates different lifestyles in the same periods of time, and influences the formation of interiors.The aim of this study is to explore cultural values, that play important role in design process of interiors, shape our daily lives and thus, to assess how they influence interior designs. The study mainly focuses on cultural differences in Asian and European societies, where these differences can be clearly observed. Examining Asian and European cultures also gives us an opportunity to understand the similarities and differences of interior design principles. The information obtained by the historical analysis was synthesized, classified and finally interpreted. In conclusion, both in western and far eastern cultures, according to the periods, many elements within the concept of culture as climate, human values, religion, thinking, trade, class distinction, type of management, personal interests, social events, industrial and technological developments were found to have influence on the lifestyles and interior design.

Keywords: Culture, European Culture, Asian Culture, Life styles, Volume Design, Dwellings,  Architecture-Ä°nterior Architecture-Space
Human rights aspects of european foreign policy
Authors: Ayata Ali
Published: January 2023

The development policy of the European Union is a policy area that has developed rapidly, especially after the Cold War and the conflicts between Eastern countries. In the 1990s, the EU issued a development profile and started the human rights and democracy concepts into the Treaty of European Union officially as guiding principles in its foreign policy. Even before the importance of human rights and democracy in the founding treaties of the European Union was mentioned, strengthening the identity of the European Union could be brought at the international level from the start with respect for these criteria together, because these criteria were the grounds for the EU. The specific aim of this work is to consider the human rights dimension of EU development, cooperation and also some related policy issues and implementation problems in practice, which are considered in theoretical approaches in the study. It should be also noted that while the EU acts as an institution and also relief organization, it makes use of its own funds and budgets, not its Member States. Within this context, the activities of the Union to promote human rights could be interpreted as cultural imperialism.Â Â Â Â Keywords: Human Rights, European Union, Foreign Policy, Cultural Imperialism.
Policy for the effective research university
Authors: Chusorn Prayuth , Bhoprathab Cheaztha , Chusorn Pornpimon , Chusorn Pramook , Kentekrom Yupawarat
Published: January 2023

Research for development policy for the Effective Research University case study of Khon Kaen University used the principle of policy research divided into three stages: 1) the synthesis document 2) Interviews of experts and 3) focus group discussion. Target groups include administrators, faculty member and university researchers. Research tools were documentary analysis questionnaires and the focus group form.  The analysis and interpreted data were performed by content analysis.Research findings As a leading research university with international quality and standards as importance goal which requires challenge strategies aimed to integrative change as follows,Preparing personnel together, determine the faculty strategies to support personnel and researchers, using a variety of research products, creative works develop into applied research and development research and create system and mechanisms of intellectual property to develop into commercial applications continuously. Establishing research fund to motivate faculty members researchers and graduate students for knowledge technologies to be utilized and satisfy the needs of local and nationally. Knowledge management of the experiences of a senior researcher ,support the teaching and learning process by using the study as a base by integrating research and teaching at both the subjects and courses including the use of research-based knowledge to manage the process of decision making, planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation and improvement work. Support for research and transfer research to the public focus on professional development and quality of life as well as the base for the development of networking and knowledge sharing. Awards & recognition / reward and honor researchers and research institution with outstanding performance in research and innovation to accelerate the strengthening of research integration, towards selfreliance build competitiveness and social guides.  

Keywords: Research University,  challenge strategies
The evaluation of transportation services for personnel provided as an outsourced way at a military hospital
Authors: Cihangiroglu Necmettin , Bakir Bilal
Published: January 2023

OBJECTIVE: In this study it was aimed to examine the quality of outsourcing transportation services provided for personnel at a military hospital in Turkey by using SERVQUAL method. MATERIAL AND METHOD: This study was conducted as a cross-sectional study from 7 to 29 August 2014 at a military hospital in Ankara.Â  One thousand questionnaires were distributed, 730 were received back, but 176 were excluded from analysis due to missing or false responses.Â Â  The rest of 554 questionnaires were analyzed by usingÂ Â  SPSS for Windows 18.0 package program. The SERVQUAL scale which was developed by Parasuraman et al. (1988) was the main scale in the study. The scale highlights the main components of high quality service as five factors - reliability, assurance, tangibles, empathy and responsiveness - that create the acronym RATER. RESULTS: The majority of participants were women (56.4%), between 31-40 old years (47.2 %), and, up to 77.3% of them used transportation services every work day. It was found that the SERVQUAL instrument had a very high reliability. The Cronbach Alpha coefficient was found between 0.86 and 0.91 for expected quality and between 0.74 and 0.91 for perceived quality. The expectations regarding empathy dimension was at the highest level and expectations regarding other dimensions were also at very high level and very close each other. It was determined also that empathy factor was the highest in negative direction among perceived quality mean scores. When the absolute differences between expected and perceived mean scores for the dimension ofÂ  tangiblesÂ  of the scale were compared for all age groups,Â  a significant result was found (p=0,021), and the difference for the age group of 51 and more was significantly lower than others. When the mean scores of perceived service quality of groups based on personnelâ€™ status were compared, the significant results were obtained for three dimensions as tangibles, empathy, responsiveness and also total perceived service quality (<0.05). CONCLUSION: The absolute difference between expected and perceived mean scores regarding outsourcing personnel transportation services was found as negative (-). That means that the quality of service was perceived insufficient.Â Keywords: Outsorcing, Transportation services, hospital
Occupational stress of the nonmedical personnel at a training hospital
Authors: Cihangiroglu Necmettin , Pekince Gulfer Dogan , Dogan Nurgul , Kilic Cenk , Bakir Bilal
Published: January 2023

Background: This study was conducted to evaluate the stress sources and its harmful effects on the personnel working at a military training hospital in Ankara in 2014. Methods: This cross-sectional study included the nonmedical administrative staff working at the hospital. The inquiry form, developed previously (Agma, 2007) was used to reveal the reasons of stress and its effects.  Totally, 250 inquiry forms were distributed, 161 were analysed. Results: While Employee Social Environment (ESE) Stressors have had the lowest mean score   (1,53 Â± 0,77) suggesting the highest impact, Working conditions Stressors factors have had the highest (2,13 Â± 1,01). No significant result was found when compared mean scores of ESE between groups based on age, sex, marital status, and work duration with the exception of the groups based on education levels (p=0,037). Conclusion: Results of this research indicate that the occupational stressors existing in the hospital have led to very high stress on all the administrative staff involved in this study.  Low decision latitude seems to be one major factor contributing this high level of job stress. Verbal abuse and mobbing might cause the remarkable part of the given stress.

Keywords: Occupational Stress, stressors, the effects of stress, hospital, administrative staff
Education for statehood as a fundamental element of civil defence education in Czechoslovakia in the years between 1918 and 1939
Authors: Kavan Stepan
Published: January 2023

This article is a reflection of statehood education as a basic element of education. The research focuses on the period after the Czechoslovak Republic in 1918 to the time before World War II in 1939. The aim of the research is to explore the basic approaches to the implementation of education for statehood in terms of the creation of a new state in relation to civil defence education in Czechoslovakia. The comparative historical analysis will be utilized as the research method on the subject of education for statehood. The comparative historical analysis is used as a specific tool for qualitative research. This is a procedure which can be applied to the statehood issue of education to its basic elements, by which it will be possible to learn more about this phenomenon and subsequently explain it. Perceptions and ideas about the tasks of the state have gradually changed and evolved. This means the creation and development of the legal order, providing security and order within the state. Education for statehood was directed to such education and creating an environment so that every citizen, irrespective of nationality, religion, political opinion and social environment in which they live, has the physical and mental ability and willing to enthusiastically and faithfully fulfill their civic duties.Keywords: Statehood, Czechoslovak Republic, civil defence educationÂ
Development of a methodology for assessing the tourism sector competitiveness at the national level
Authors: Ignatjeva Svetlana , Musayeva Naila
Published: January 2023

The aim of this study is to develop and adapt the methodology to assess the tourism industry competitiveness at the national level. International tourism as a source of both direct and indirect incomes of the state, encourages the development of different sectors, not specific to the tourism infrastructure, but through the multiplier effect. In this connection it is urgent to develop new methodological approaches to measure and assess the international competitiveness of countries in order to put countries in a better position in the current competition for tourism revenues. The problem of determining the tourist potential of a particular territory with a view to the most efficient use is a difficult research challenge. The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index (TTCI) has been put in the proposed methodology. The sub-indices, components and indicators that form the TTCI index are used as the parameters that characterize national economy. The application of factor analysis to the TTCI dimension components for the competitiveness of the twelve-dimensional space is reduced to two factors: socially-economic and resource-ecological factors. A two-step cluster analysis in the area of these factors allowed to group fifty-five countries selected for analysis in three homogeneous clusters. Countries, formed in clusters, have similarities in competitive advantages, factors and quality indicators of tourist resources and infrastructure. The comparative analysis of these clusters, using TTCI indicators, allows to describe the formation model of competitiveness in the tourism sector and to determine the qualitative position of the country not only among the closest countries in terms of tourism destination development, but also to draw conclusions about the preferred tourist specialization.Â Keywords: the travel & tourism competitiveness Ä±ndex, factor analysis, cluster analysis.
Independent regulatory authorities in Turkish public administration
Authors: Gokus Mehmet
Published: January 2023

First examples of institutions called as independent regulatory authorities or agencies and being outside of the classic administrative structure have emerged in Anglo-Saxon countries. Starting from 1970s, these institutions have also started to be given place also in some countries in continental Europe.Together with the influence of globalization process and developments occurring in the field of public administration in 1980s, regulatory functions of the government became prominent. In this process, independent regulatory authorities began to spread rapidly as new actors of this function. While weakening the state as an economic actor, liberalisation and privatization policies, strengthened the regulatory role of the state since 1980s in Turkey. To play this new role, independent regulatory authorities began to show presence as administrative institutions carrying unique features in terms of structuring and staying outside of the classical organization of administration. Independent regulatory authorities also undertook the role of minimizing the problems emerging due to populist attitudes of governments and loosening the ties between politics and economics in especially strategically important areas (energy, capital market, banking business). The common feature of these authorities is considered as being autonomous administrative units undertaking â€œregulationâ€ and â€œsupervisionâ€ activities in the fields and sectors like competition, banking, finance, communication, human rights, food and drug safety.In this study, after giving general information about the independent regulatory authorities,the debate on determining constitutional position of these authorities in Turkish Public Administration system will be handled and evaluated.

Keywords: independent, authorities, government, Constitution
Fiscal sustainability test: The case of Turkey
Authors: Aydın Mücahit , Yılancı Veli
Published: January 2023

The main purpose of the study is to test the sustainability of fiscal policies for Turkish economy using quarterly series over the period 2000:1 to 2015:2. By considering Kremers (1989) sustainability condition we test the debt-income ratio by using Lee-Strazicich unit root test which allow structural breaks under both null and alternative hypothesis. The test results we obtained show that the series has a unit root which indicates the un-sustainability of public debt.Keywords: Fiscal policies, Fiscal Sustainability, Unit root testÂ Â
Determinants of the political culture of Kazakhstani students
Authors: Khalikova Shakhnaza , Nassimova Gulnar , Saitova Nina , Kamaldinova Aikerim
Published: January 2023

The problem of political activity and political culture of youth in general, and student's youth in particular, have gained an importance recently. Lack of interest in the existing political processes in Kazakhstan and in the world among the younger generation became the norm. Recent numerous monitoring and researches show that the youth of Kazakhstan takes a passive position concerning process of elections. In this research it was made an attempt to reveal the determinants of political culture of the Kazakhstan student's youth. In article there presented and analyzed the results of the sociological polls concerning the main indicators of social and demographic situation, social well-being of youth. Research showed that the world economic crisis attracts social stratification of society which seriously influences an electoral activity of the Kazakhstan student's youth. Exactly, the difficulties in the solution of social and economic problems for youth in modern Kazakhstan are becoming the most important indicators of its relation to policy and participation in electoral process. The current stage of development of the Kazakhstan society is characterized by deep changes in all spheres of life. Processes of reforming took the forms of essential transformational changes, having thoroughly transformed the economic, political, social, civil relations, political system of the state. Problems of youth came to the forefront, The refore the human capital is a basis. Here legal bases and traditions are necessary. Therefore we need to solve fundamental basic problems from the economic point of view.Keywords: Kazakhstan student youth, young people, political activity, determinants of youth political culture
Relationship between labour productivity and its remuneration. The case of agriculture
Authors: Rembisz WÅ‚odzimierz , Sielska Agata
Published: January 2023

The article aims at presenting the fundamental relationship between remuneration and productivity of labor factor. This relationship is explored analytically and empirically. It is investigated at the level of the agricultural sector, derived from the microeconomic level, i.e. an agricultural producer. Based on an optimal solution of the income maximisation problem, we derive the determinants of remuneration of the labour factor, i.e. income in agriculture. We explore analytically the improvement of labour productivity. We also take into consideration the issue of the importance of subsidies which can be refered to as the second potential source of agricultural producer's income. The empirical evidence is based on the FADN (Farm Accountancy Data Network) data for 2004-2012 for Member States that joined the European Union in 2004. We examine the statistical relationship between the indicators of developments in the productivity of the labour factor, income and the level of subsidies in selected countries.Keywords: objective function of an agricultural producer, productivity of the labour factor, remuneration of the labour factor;
The Inefficiencies in the Professional Tourism Education Services and their Solutions in the Period of Market Economy (Case of Kazakhstan)
Authors: Unluonen Kurban , Abishov Nurzhan , Abishova Aizhan , Urazbaevad Gulnar , Seilov Galimzhan
Published: January 2023

The purpose of improving vocational training program, the convergence of theoretical training and practice, the introduction of advanced foreign standards should enhance the quality of tourism personnel in accordance with the requirements of the market. The method used to identify problems and their solutions by comparing the foreign experience and analysis of foreign scientific research in the field of educational tourism industry. Preparation of tourism personnel in Kazakhstan is still not satisfactory; there is no scientifically sound relationship of many of its components, theoretical and practical training and special courses. The specialists are trained without sufficient targeted training, so many of the students are not able to perform its functions. The global experience of the travel industry suggests that vocational education employees are requirement for the successful operation of the enterprise. So today we should take into account emerging trends in preparation for future staff. There is a need for training a new type of specialists, unorthodox thinking, with extensive knowledge and skills in related fields. Â  Â Keywords: Tourism, professional education, quality of service, foreign experience
Project Practices in Elementary Schools
Authors: Karakus Memet
Published: January 2023

This study aims to discuss project applications carried out in elementary schools in terms of the planning, implementation and evaluation aspects. The data was collected through interviews with 18 elementary school teachers in this qualitative study. Analysis of the data was performed using Nvivo 10 program. Results showed that teachers highlighted the attainments and topics of the course, students, process and evaluation in the planning aspect and for the project implementation aspect, student-centeredness was emphasized as well as the effectiveness of parents. As for evaluation, teachers gave importance particularly to determining criteria to be used in project evaluation. In this regard, it is suggested that the curriculum, teacher, student and parents have an important impact on the success of the projects and thus these four variables should be handled in a coordinated way.Â Keywords: Project- based instruction; interdisciplinary instruction; planning and evaluation of instructionÂ
Emerging student support trends on social media platforms in open education system
Authors: Okur Muhammet Recep , Aydin Sinan , Gumus Salih
Published: January 2023

Diversity of interactive environments has increased with use of developing technology in open education systems. In this sense social media platforms allows to coming together of learners. Distance education institutions can make important decisions by following studentsâ€™ interaction in these environments. Especially students established themselves non-formal social media platforms are subject of investigation. There are different support needs of students throughout student learning life in distance education institutions. These issues are called student affair in distance education literature. These issues may vary by countries, region or program. Anadolu University is a mega-university in distance education area. There are some student support issues in this system and they attempt to find supports. Some of them can be listed as follows: New Registration and Registration Renewal, Examination Services, Course Exemption, Student Certificates, Forgotten Password and Sign-in Problems, Academic Amnesty, Military Service, Student ID Cards, Diploma and Diploma Supplements, Associate Degree, Honor Certificate, Postage and Shipping Services, Ä°nternational Programs and Tuition Fee. In this subject some solutions can produce by following trends of students. In this study, Facebook groups have been investigated which created by distance education learners on social media platforms. These groups were analyzed with maximum interaction and Open Education Faculty Department of Sociology Facebook group is selected. Interaction and trends in the group are discussed in the context of student support. NodeXL, Gephi and Quintly software are used for social network analysis based on shares, comment and likes. The research aims to uncover student support trends on social networks. Student trends will be discussed under categories. Findings of the research can contribute to development of student support activities in this open education system. Further learnersâ€™ trends are important to show that intensity topics. Emerging student support trends on social media platforms is important to produce solutions.Keywords: Student support; open and distance learning; social networks; content analyses; sociology
Model parameters to helping women in crisis pregnancy: Specialistsâ€™ view
Authors: Vareikytea Aiste
Published: January 2023

Although abortion is often declared as the right of choice that belongs only to the pregnant woman, it is important to emphasize the significance of the free and informed consent. Lithuania has no systematical help provided for women undergoing crisis pregnancy. The aim of the research is to find bases for model parameters for such kind of help. The qualitative research consists of six individual half structured interviews. In order to receive data that is objective and reflects different sides of the problem the interviews were carried out with obstetrician gynecologists and psychologists working with women in crisis pregnancy. The data received during the interviews has revealed a various needs for help: To be consulted by an obstetrician gynecologist, a psychologist, a social worker, a priest, an embryologist, a lawyer, a psychiatrist, an oncologist and a specialist in infertility issues. Besides, the research has revealed the need of consultations for both parents of the unborn.Â Keywords: crisis pregnancy; counseling; abortion; psychologist; obstetrician gynecologist
A Comparative Analysis of Two Instruments Assessing Learning Style Preference
Authors: El-Hmoudovaa Dagmar , Milkova Eva
Published: January 2023

One of the most enduring concerns among academic educators in the University of Hradec Kralove is the enhancement of studentsâ€™ academic performance and consequently the improvement of the effective teaching and learning methods. The purpose of the presented research was to examine the outcomes of two instruments evaluating learning style preferences, namely ILS, Felder-SolomanÂ´s Index of Learning Styles, and LCI, Johnston-Dantonâ€™s Learning Combination Inventory, in a focus group of students from four difference study fields: Information Management, Applied Informatics, Tourism Management, and Sport Management. The main aim was to analyse our studentsÂ´ learning style diversity and study the outcomes and ways of learning styles assessment of two different learning style instruments. Based on a comparative analysis of the data obtained from the ILS and LCI, intersections and common features were monitored in terms of the individual learning style preferences and frequencies. The acquired results showed marginal differences between the outcomes of the two learning style assessment instruments. In comparison to Felder Soloman Index, where most of focus group students of Tourism Management proved to be sensing and visual, while Applied Informatics students were identified as predominantly reflective and intuitive , LCI data indicated Tourism Management students as Precise (targeted at accuracy, detail & information) while Applied Informatics students proved to be Technical Processing (problem solving, preferring relevance & autonomy). However, the results indicated also consistency and common features of both learning style assessing instruments data.Â Keywords: ILS; LCI; learning style preferences; assessing instrumnet; effective teaching methods
Co-constructing meanings in organizational development
Authors: Galbin Alexandra
Published: January 2023

The paper adopts a social constructionist perspective to explore how organization is emerging through meanings constructed. In this context organization becomes meaningful as a result of the interaction between its members. A significant metaphor dealing how sense is made in organization is sensemaking. Starting with a brief literature review on this remarkable metaphor the purpose of paper is to emphasize the potential influence of sensemaking in organizational development, specifically on changing process, decision making, and emotions. Sensemaking pays attention to conversations' context, and introduces fresh ideas for meaning making associated with the experience of interacting with others. A key element in this ongoing process is language used in organization allowing the accomplishment of other new interpretations and possibilities to discover effective practices for organizational development. Finally, the paper suggests some further directions emphasizing the reflection of self relational in constructing meanings as a predictable way for organizational knowledge, learning and change.Â Â Keywords: co-constructing; emergence; ongoing process;Â  sensemaking;Â  social constructionism
Educational tools for involving higher degree students within the Project Creative Conservation
Authors: Loureiro Leonor , TriÃ£es Ricardo , FalcÃ£o ClÃ¡udia
Published: January 2023

Background: The Project Creative Conservation was developed at the Conservation and Restoration Laboratory / Polytechnic Institute of Tomar (IPT) as a form to recover, preserve and show in a new way industrial remnants and derelicts, complying with well-defined criteria for collection and selection of those fragments. As a new concept, it needed to be experimented, so students were involved in its practice, which enabled theory demonstrations and maintained a dynamic university learning atmosphere. Purpose: This paper presents the challenges posed to three Conservation and Restoration teachers: different ways to explain new and controversial information, engaging students for the Creative Conservation concept, developing practical extra work, learning and improving hands-on skills, and to practice team-work within a Conservation Laboratory and a Museum environment. Methods: A series of three different workshops were designed as learning tools to allow students to develop conservation skills, discuss problem solving and practice â€œout of the boxâ€ thinking, under the Project Creative Conservation, within the specialties of ceramics, tiles, metal, plastics and paper remnants preservation. It was also provided the chance to create different exhibition methods, installation and exhibition display. Results: A good percentage of students were enthusiastic and complied with the conservation challenges posed by teachers and by remnants themselves. The fragments were properly preserved and differently displayed in exhibitions. Conclusions: The IPT conservation teacherâ€™s competencies and enthusiasm towards teaching a different concept within a practical frame enabled students to broad their view in the conservation field and widen the classical approach to conservation and restoration.
Money and money-related metaphors in business English
Authors: Herteg Crina
Published: January 2023

The paper deals with the metaphorical aspect of business and economic texts with special focus on money metaphors. According to cognitive linguistic approach metaphors are clustered in different conceptual categories. The paper is structured around Conceptual Metaphor Theory and it analyses the mapping and conceptualisation of money metaphors by means of cognitive linguistic categories: money is liquid, money is solid. Out of the business metaphors we selected the money and money-related ones. We also analyse the means by which these categories are obtained: verbs, idioms, pre- and post-modifiers, etc.Â
Gender-based power language and American political debates
Authors: Toffle Mary Ellen , Arizzi Cristina
Published: January 2023

The last 40 years have produced an abundance of research about gender-based power language, the relationship between language and power and how language expresses power. Particular attention has been paid to asymmetrical discourse between the sexes (Lakoff, 1975, 2004; Fishman, 1978; Lipman-Blumen, 1984). The purpose of this study was to examine the power language currently being used 30+ years after the main research to see if there have been any changes on the part of the female to broker power relationships through linguistic behaviors. This study examined three male vs. female political debates in three U.S. national election campaigns. An analytical scale based on a combination of woman/man discourse and power discourse was used.Â  This study concluded that women have made significant progress in asserting and maintaining power in controlled debate situations; also male/female asymmetry seems to be reduced, and that culture has also become determinant of power relations.Â Â
A Corpus-analysis of time metaphors in British and Romanian business press
Authors: Popescu Teodora , Iordachescu Grigore-Dan , Herteg Crina
Published: January 2023

The aim of this study is to analyse metaphors related to TIME from the business discourse (found in British and Romanian business press), and to identify the patterns of occurrence that are most frequent in the two corpora. The main tenet is that cognitive metaphors are instantiations of cultural categories manifested in the language spoken by the community that shares a common set of characteristics within a given cultural matrix. Our analysis is based on two corpora (British and Romanian), consisting of articles from general audience and financial broadsheets, written during 2012-2015. The newspapers used for this study are: The Economist, The Guardian, The New York Times and The Telegraph for the English corpus; and Adevarul, Jurnalul National, Cotidianul, Capital, and Ziarul Financiar for the Romanian corpus. The results were analyses both quantitatively and qualitatively.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Rahimi Ali
Published: January 2023

EditorialIt is with great honor that we edit the proceedings of â€œ3rd Global Conference on Linguistics and Foreign Language Teaching (LINELT 2015)â€ Istanbul University, Istanbul â€“ Turkey, November 16-18, 2015. This privileged scientific event has contributed to the field of ELT for the third year.As the guest editors of this issue, we are glad to have receivedÂ  a variety of articles focusing on Computer Assisted Language Learning, Cultural Studies, Curriculum Development and Syllabus Design, Discourse Analysis and Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), English for Specific Purposes,Â  Teacher Interactions, Foreign Language Teaching, Gender Studies, General Linguistics, Globalization Studies and world Englishâ€™s, Independent / Autonomous Learning, Information and Computer Technology in TEFL, Innovations in language Teaching and Learning, Intercultural Education, Language Acquisition and Learning, Language Curriculum Development, Language Education, Language Program Evaluation, Language Teacher Education, Language Teaching Methodology, Language Testing and Assessment, Literacy and Language Learning, Literature, Mobile Language Learning, Pragmatics,Â  Digital Literacy Skills,Â  Second Language Pedagogy, Second Language Proficiency, Second Language Speech,Â  Second Language Training,Â  Second language Vocabulary Learning, Teaching English as a Foreign/ Second Language, Teaching Language Skills, TESOL / TESL / TEFL, Translation Studies, Speech processing, Pronunciation Modeling, Speech Quality and Intelligibility Tests, Machine Translation, Automatic Text Summarization, Dialogue Systems, Text Understanding Systems, Word Sense Disambiguation,Â  etc. Furthermore, LINELT is getting more international each year, which is an indicator that it is getting known and recognized worldwide. Scholars from all over the world contributed to the conference. Special thanks go to all the reviewers, members of the international editorial board, the publisher, and those involved in the technical processes. We would like to thank all who contributed to every procedure to make publication of this issue possible. A total of 61 full papers or abstracts were submitted to this conference and each paper has been peer reviewed by the reviewers specialized in the related field. At the end of the review process, a total of 20 high quality research papers were selected and accepted for publication.Â I hope that you will enjoy reading the papers.Best Regards Â Â Â Guest Editors Prof. Dr. Ali Rahimi, University of BangkokEditorial Assistant Msc. Zeynep Genc, Near East University, North CyprusÂ
Bilingualism and bilingual educational model suggestion for Turkey
Authors: Karatas Kasim , Ayaz Mehmet Fatih
Published: January 2023

The aim of the research is to discuss what the bilingual education is and to suggest a model for performing this education in Turkey. There are many nations whose mother tongues are different in Turkey. Today, educating children whose mother tongue and official language are different is the basis of some problems. It is observed that in case of education is performed just with official language, the children whose mother tongue is different than official language are strained as educational and they face serious social problems in the first years of the school. Bilingual education means to perform educational activities in two (or more) different languages. However it is hard to suggest a bilingual education model in Turkey owing to various reasons foremost laws. By considering conditions in Turkey, that can be said; the optimal model is â€œTransition Modelâ€if mentioned problems are overcome. In transition model, it is aimed that after the children complete the early stages oftheir education process, they complete the remainder of their education with the official language.Keywords: Multiculturalism, bilingualism, bilingual education.
Features of psychological adaptation of training future teachers of Physical Culture
Authors: Khasanova Rezeda
Published: January 2023

The article presents a comprehensive training program and the basic principles of psychological support of students in the learning process. Considered in detail and highlights the application of particular methods of self-regulation and mental conditions of students in the sport. In this article described the methods, tools and techniques programs of psychological correction of the students. The basis of the program made the definition of the individual characteristics of students, the development of individual programs and algorithms sports perfection, psychological testing and counseling; participation in trainings; methods of self-regulation; methods of autogenous training. According to the results of the study found that the introduction of a program of psychological support in the learning process of students - future teachers of physical culture will lead to an increase in individual sports skills of the majority of students and their professional and personal growth.Keywords: Education, adaptation, physical culture education and sport.
The coupleâ€™s congruence of childâ€™s illness perception and the quality of marital relationship
Authors: Turliuc Maria Nicoleta , Duca Diana SÃ®nziana , HendreÈ™ Daniela Muntele
Published: January 2023

This study aims to test whether a coupleâ€™s congruence regarding the perception of their childâ€™s illness has an influence on the quality of a marital relationship. This research involved 106 parents of children with autism. The results show a significant effect of the coupleâ€™s congruence of the perception of their childâ€™s illness on couple satisfaction F (2.103) = 3.61, p = .03, parental stress F (2.103) = 17.89, p <.001, dyadic coping F (2.103) = 9.23, p <.001 and family resilience, F (2.103) = 10.43, p <.001. The findings indicate a decreasing trend of couple satisfaction, family resilience and dyadic coping as well as an increasing trend of parental stress when the coupleâ€™s congruence of illness perception increases.Â
Decision making of university teacher: motivating and inspiring students versus too high criticality and demands of teacher
Authors: Blaskova Martina , BlaÅ¡ko Rudolf , TrÅ¡kovÃ¡ KristÃ­na
Published: January 2023

Profession of a university teacher is extremely difficult and responsible. On the one hand, teachers are faced with a sense of high social responsibility for their work, and on the other hand, they need a high motivation for their work, often associated with a great deal of altruism and a sense of belonging with their colleagues and students. Based on the questionnaire survey, conducted on a sample of 357 students of University of Å½ilina, students deemed the skills to motivate and inspire students as essential attribute of a great university teacher. On the contrary, excessive criticism and demands of teachers in relation to students (which basically represents the mirror â€“ reflection â€“ of the teacherâ€™s perceived responsibility) is considered by students as inappropriate, undesirable attribute of teacher. Based on analysis, synthesis, comparison and generalization of theoretical knowledge and evaluation of the survey results, the aim of paper is to focus attention on two academic top- attributes of teacher: (a) the effort to instill in students a high responsibility for their own decisions/outcomes; (b) the skills to motivate and inspire students to expected results. To master a harmonized mixture of these two elements represents a difficult decision problem of many university teachers. Therefore, conclusion of the paper gives a simple qualitative model of decision-making that can simplify teacherâ€™s decision-making regarding the efforts to be popular among the students for easyÂ tasks and/versus be respected in motivating-and-inspiring approach based on precise and hard work and interaction of both the student and the teacher.Â
Violence against women and its relationship with self-esteem of married women in Tehran
Authors: Asayesh Mohammad Hassan , Hoseinzei Enayatolah , Golpasha Elaheh
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine Relationship between violence against women and self-esteem in women of Tehran. The research method was descriptive. The study population consisted of all married women in Tehran, and the sample consisted of 70 women who were selected by convenience sampling. The questionnaire was consisted of Asayesh & Golpasha Questionnaire on Dimensions of Violence against Women (2016) (AGDVS, 2016), which were completed by subjects. Findings show there is a significant negative relationship between dimensions of violence (economic (p<0/01), hostility (p<0/01), communication (p<0/01), verbal (p<0/05) and total (p<0/01)) and self-esteem. These findings show that dimensions of violence (economic violence, communication, hostility and verbal abuse) are probably more relevant in decreasing of womenâ€™s self-esteem. This information can be used to interventions and training of family for counselors and therapists in order to promote women's self-esteem.
The Concept of Love among Multi-cultures Postgraduate Students at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Authors: Ashtiani Keyvan Mahabadi , Goodarzi Sanaz , Ahmadi Niloufar Tahghighi
Published: January 2023

The main purpose of this research was to identify the level of understanding on the concept of love among multi-culturs postgraduate students who were currently studying at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Bahru campus. The open-ended questionnaires were sent to 30 postgraduate students who were selected based on the purposive sampling method. They comprised of students subscribing to four main culturs, i) Iranian, ii) Malay, iii) Chinese and iv) Indian at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. Data collected were analyzed using the explicit coding which first similar word or phrases coded and recorded. Each code labeled using the keywords from the words or phrases. Results showed that 80% of Iranian students defined love as sacrifice and devotion for lover. In contrast, 70% of Malaysian students referred the concept of love as an appreciation that God has been given, while 80% of Chinese students referred the concept of love as commitment and loyalty and 80% of Indian student's defined love as love is life.