bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictors of Vinorelbine Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics in Patients With Cancer
Authors: Wong Mark , Balleine Rosemary L. , Blair Elaine Y.L. , McLachlan Andrew J. , Ackland Stephen P. , Garg Madhu B. , Evans Scott , Farlow David , Collins Michael , Rivory Laurent P. , Hoskins Janelle M. , Mann Graham J. , Clarke Christine L. , Gurney Howard
Published: May 2006

Purpose

Marked interindividual variation in drug disposition and toxicity pose an ongoing challenge to chemotherapy dosage individualization. The aim of this study was to evaluate pretreatment clinical features, genotype and functional indicators of drug clearance as predictors of vinorelbine clearance, and myelotoxicity that could inform dosage optimization.

Patients and Methods

Forty-one patients with cancer received a 60 mg intravenous dose of vinorelbine. Pretreatment routine body size measurements and blood tests were performed. Midazolam clearance and hepatic technetium labeled sestamibi (99mTc-MIBI) clearance were used to investigate CYP3A and ABCB1 (MDR1, P-glycoprotein) phenotype respectively and selected single nucleotide polymorphisms in CYP3A and ABCB1 were documented. A limited blood sampling strategy was employed and vinorelbine concentrations were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Posterior Bayesian estimates of vinorelbine clearance were obtained for each patient using population pharmacokinetic modeling. Myelotoxicity was estimated from the fractional survival of neutrophils post-treatment.

Results

There was 4.3-fold variation in vinorelbine clearance across the cohort. In a multivariable analysis, pretreatment estimated creatinine clearance (P < .01) and hepatic99mTc-MIBI clearance (P = .01) were independent predictors of vinorelbine clearance. Fractional survival of neutrophils ranged from 1.3% to 100% and was significantly correlated with vinorelbine clearance (P < .01). Body-surface area was the only pretreatment predictor of fractional survival of neutrophils independent of vinorelbine clearance (P = .02).

Conclusion

Specific indicators of drug clearance provide predictive information about vinorelbine pharmacokinetics, and body-surface area, probably reflecting normal bone marrow reserve, provides an additional pharmacodynamic indicator. Use of a fixed dose of vinorelbine with modifications guided by pretreatment measures is worthy of prospective evaluation.
Time-domain modelling of turbo-compressors in direct injection diesel engines
Authors: Torregrosa A J , Broatch A , Climent H , Fernández T
Published: May 2006

In this paper, the development and validation of a new turbo-compressor model for one-dimensional flow modelling in intake systems of turbocharged internal-combustion engines are presented. The proposed model is based, as usual, on data contained in the turbo-compressor operating chart. However, whereas in the usual models the turbo-compressor is simply considered as a quasi-steady boundary condition to a pipe, here it is regarded as consisting of two cavities, simulating the rotor and the stator, with the compressor chart imposed as a boundary condition between them. This simple solution gives the possibility of computing the flow upstream of the turbo-compressor, which is not straightforward with the usual models.

The proposed model has been validated against experimental tests performed on an engine test bench. Two different turbo-compressors were considered, for automotive and truck application respectively. Instead of the direct comparison between calculated and measured instantaneous pressures shown in most of the literature on one-dimensional flow modelling, here the validation methodology is based on the consideration of pressure components (forward and backward waves), as usual in the acoustic literature. These components may be obtained from multiple sensor measurements and their use for model validation is equivalent to the consideration of flow velocity additionally to pressure.
Effect of inlet swirl on the performance of annular diffusers having the same equivalent cone angle
Authors: Singh S N , Seshadri V , Saha K , Vempati K K , Bharani S
Published: May 2006

Annular diffusers are an integral component of the gas turbine engines of high-speed aircraft. These facilitate effective operation of the combustor by reducing the total pressure loss. The performance characteristics of these diffusers depend on their geometry and the inlet conditions. The present investigation attempts to select the range of the inlet swirl intensity for the best performance of annular diffusers with different geometries but having the same equivalent cone angle. This is analysed on the basis of the static pressure recovery and total pressure loss coefficients. The results show that the parallel diverging hub and casing annular diffuser produces the best performance at high-swirl intensities.
Slip effect for thin liquid film spreading characteristics
Authors: Sun Y. H. , Chan W. K. , Chen G. D.
Published: May 2006

The spreading behaviour of thin liquid polymer perfluoropolyethers on hard disc surface was investigated theoretically. The impact of slip at the boundary was taken into consideration. The diffusion coefficient Ds(h) was modified by incorporating the effective Knudsen number and molecular weight. It is found that slip has to be negative to ensure a maximum value of Ds(h) at lubricant thickness of 1 nm. Replenishment behaviour was also investigated and it was shown that a positive slip would quicken the lubricant movement, whereas a negative slip would slow down the replenishment. Finally, the spreading profiles were examined to investigate lubricant mobility.
Effect of surface roughness on normal contact compression response
Authors: Kumar A , Sadeghi F , Krousgrill C. M.
Published: May 2006

This work presents a numerical model for normal engagement of two rough surfaces in contact. In this study, the Johnson translator system with a linear filter is used to transform a Gaussian white-noise input to an output surface with prescribed moments and autocorrelation function. The rough surface contact model employs influence coefficients obtained from finite element analysis of the contacting bodies. The contact solution accounts for the effects of macroscopic geometry and boundary conditions, and can be used to simulate engagement at a wide range of loads, including loads at which bulk effects dominate the response. A description of bulk deflection in terms of the displacement of the surface mean plane is also presented. The effects of surface topography on normal engagement stiffness are discussed.
Rolling and sliding friction in compliant, lubricated contact
Authors: de Vicente J , Stokes J. R. , Spikes H. A.
Published: May 2006

Friction is investigated in a rolling-sliding, lubricated, steel ball on elastomer flat contact. Two different types of friction are identified: rolling friction, which results from the movement of the surfaces relative to the contact, and sliding or interfacial friction, which arises from relative motion of the two contacting surfaces. A novel experimental technique is described to measure these two types of friction simultaneously in a single test. This enables separate rolling and interfacial ‘Stribeck-type’ friction curves to be produced for Newtonian lubricants. These curves are compared with theoretical predictions of friction. The results show that rolling friction originates primarily from two sources: Poiseuille flow of lubricant in the contact and elastic hysteresis. There are also two main types of interfacial friction; due to Couette flow and solid surface adhesion. For compliant elastomer-on-steel contacts, rolling friction forms a significant proportion of the total friction even at quite high slide-roll ratios.
Structural Defects in LB Films of Barium Salts of Fatty Acid Based on X-Ray Analysis
Authors: Kajiyama Tisato , Hanada Issei , Shuto Kenshiro , Oishi Yushi
Published: May 2006

Structural defects and crystalline dimensions in LB films prepared from barium salts of fatty acids with different alkyl chain length at various surface pressures were investigated on the basis of X-ray measurements. An increase in the alkyl chain length enhances the regularity in LB films. Not only the crystalline distortion in LB films but also the morphological heterogeneity of the monolayer caused the disorder along the longitudinal direction in LB films.
Interaction of Amino Acids and Silica-Containing Mixed-Oxide Surfaces in Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Kaneko Shoji , Mikawa Masatsugu , Yamagiwa Sei-ichi
Published: May 2006

The addition of alumina, magnesia, or titania to silica has been effective on the adsorption of amino acids. The initial pH of amino acid solution and the pore-size distribution of the mixed oxide had an influence on the adsorption; the adsorption mechanism has been discussed.
Excessively Copper Ion-exchanged ZSM-5 Zeolites as Highly Active Catalysts for Direct Decomposition of Nitrogen Monoxide
Authors: Iwamoto Masakazu , Yahiro Hidenori , Mine Yoshihiro , Kagawa Shuichi
Published: May 2006

Repeated ion exchange of the ZSM-5 zeolite using aqueous copper(II) acetate solution was found to bring about excess loading of copper ions above 100% of exchange level. The catalytic activities of the resulting Cu-ZSM-5 zeolites for direct decomposition of nitrogen monoxide were very high and increased with increasing exchange level. The activity did not decrease even after 30 h of continuous service.
Ionic Conductivity and Structure of Double Chloride Li2ZnCl4 in the LiCl–ZnCl2 System
Authors: Kanno Ryoji , Takeda Yasuo , Mori Masashi , Yamamoto Osamu
Published: May 2006

The phase diagram of the LiCl–ZnCl2 system was determined. The system contained one intermediate compound, Li2ZnCl4; it transformed from the normal spinel to the olivine structure at 215 °C. Electrical conductivity measurements showed a high ionic conductivity of 2.0 × 10−4 S cm−1 280 °C.
The Synthesis of 2′-Deoxyadenosine via Stereospecific Coupling Reaction
Authors: Kawakami Hiroshi , Matsushita Hajime , Naoi Yoshitake , Itoh Kazuo , Yoshikoshi Hajime
Published: May 2006

The coupling reaction of the sodium salt of adenine, which could be easily prepared by deprotonation with sodium hydroxide or sodium methoxide, with 1-α-chloro-2-deoxyribose derivative proceeded in a good stereospecific manner in acetone as a solvent to give the β-anomer of the corresponding acylated adenosine.
Efficient Preparation of New Chiral Synthons Useful for (+)-Carbacyclin Synthsis by Utilizing Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Prochiral σ-Symmetric Diesters
Authors: Nagao Yoshimitsu , Kume Masaharu , Wakabayashi Robin Chikako , Nakamura Takeshi , Ochiai Masahito
Published: May 2006

Enzymatic hydrolyses of some prochiral σ-symmetric dimethyl esters employing porcine liver esterase and porcine pancreatic lipase were investigated, resulting in the enantioselective preparation of the corresponding new monoesters useful for (+)-carbacyclin synthesis. It was also demonstrated that the hydrolysis with porcine liver esterase was remarkably affected by acetone as a co-solvent.
Ion Sensitive Tin Oxide Electrodes Carrying Amphiphilic Crown Ether Langmuir–Blodgett Films
Authors: Yoshida Shoichiro , Okawa Yusuke , Watanabe Tadashi , Inokuma Seiichi , Kuwamura Tsunehiko
Published: May 2006

Langmuir–Blodgett films of octadecyloxymethyl-18-crown-6 or 6-[bis(tetradecyloxymethyl)methoxyethanoylamino]hexanoylaminomethyl-18-crown-6 were deposited onto an SnO2 electrode to give depletion-mode field-effect semiconductor sensors based on the surface conductance change upon ionic incorporation.
High Resolution Solid State NMR of 27AlF3 Particles Observed by a Conventional Fourier-Transform Spectrometer
Authors: Kimura Keisaku , Satoh Naoki
Published: May 2006

In a AlF3 colloidal dispersion, high resolution 27Al NMR in solid is reported using a conventional Fourier-Transform NMR spectrometer. Five well resolved peaks are observed and the relative intensity of which strongly depends on the diameter of particles. Comparing the chemical shifts of these lines with the XPS data, the bonding between Al and F atoms in a small particle is less ionic than the bulk one.
In-Situ Scanning Tunneling Microscopy of Semiconductor(n-TiO2)/Liquid Interfaces. A Role of Band Bending in Semiconductors
Authors: Itaya Kingo , Tomita Eisuke
Published: May 2006

It is found in this study that electron tunneling from the conduction band in the semiconductor to the metal tip is possible if the electrode potential of the semiconductor is negative with respect to the flat band potential. The result clearly reveals the role of band bending in semiconductors for electron tunneling at the semiconductor/liquid interface.
Potential Dependencies of the Products on Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide at a Copper Electrode
Authors: Noda Hidetomo , Ikeda Shoichiro , Oda Yoshiyuki , Ito Kaname
Published: May 2006

Potentiostatic electrochemical reduction of CO2 was carried out at a Cu electrode in 0.1 mol dm−3 KHCO3 aqueous solution at 298 K. As reduction products from CO2, HCOO−, CO, CH4, C2H4, CH3CHO, C2H5OH, C2H5CHO, n-C3H7OH etc. were detected and determined by gas chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography. The composition of these products changed drastically with a slight variation of electrode potential.
Microvoltammetric Measurements in a Single Microcapsule
Authors: Abe Takayuki , Matsue Tomokazu , Uchida Isamu
Published: May 2006

microcapsule (radius; 1.6 mm) were made by using a carbon fiber microelectrode. The permeability coefficient of Mo(CN)84− through the capsule wallwas determined by the variation of the concentration with time and found to be (1.6 ± 0.1) × 10−4 cm/s. The electrochemical measurement insidea smaller microcapsule (radius; ca. 100 μm) was also performed.
NOESY Spectra of 1-Acetoxy-6-aryl-2-aryloxy-3,7-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octanes. Revision of the Absolute Configuration of (+)-Phrymarolin I
Authors: Taniguchi Eiji , Ishibashi Fumito
Published: May 2006

The absolute configuration of (+)-phrymarolin I was revised as (1S,2R,5R,6S) on the basis of its relative configuration established by comparison of the NOESY spectra of the stereoisomers.
Visualization of Protein Penetration from an Aqueous Subphase into a Lipid Monolayer at an Air–Water Interface by Gold Marker
Authors: Araki Toshinari , Sugawara Yuzo , Hirao Nobumasa , Iwamoto Takeo , Yoshiura Masahiko , Iriyama Keiji
Published: May 2006

Immunoelectron microscopic examinations provided a direct evidence that Staphylcoccus aureus α-toxin, an amphiphilic protein, could penetrate into a monolayer of l-α-dioleoyllecithin prepared on an aqueous subphase containing the toxin.
XPS Study of Au Bis(mnt) Complexes
Authors: Kutsumizu Shoichi , Kojima Norimichi , Ban Toshiro
Published: May 2006

The XPS study has been carried out for the [Au(mnt)2]− and [Au(mnt)2]2− salts. The AuIII states were confirmed for both monoanion and dianion salts; although the obtained Au4f7/2 peak for the [Au(mnt)2]2− dianion is at 0.8–1.0 eV higher energy than that for the [Auf(mnt)2]− salt, this apparent energy shift is explained as arising from the Madelung potential difference between the two. It is concluded that the oxidation state of the central metal Au does not change with reduction.
Facile Shifts of Bromine Atom on C-3 Position of Guaiazulene and Synthesis of Variously Functionalized Azulenes Using These Reactions
Authors: Nozoe Tetsuo , Ishikawa Sumio , Shindo Kimio
Published: May 2006

Treatment of guaiazulene (1) with NBS in hexane gave exclusively 3-bromo compound, while in benzene it afforded various side-chain-brominated compounds. Shifts of bromine atom catalyzed by succinimide were observed in benzene, presumably via intermolecular radical pathways. Using these reactions, various side-chain-functionalyzed derivatives of 1, including epoxy compounds, were prepared.
Metallic Temperature Dependence in the Conductivity of Langmuir–Blodgett Films of Tridecylmethylammonium–Au(dmit)2
Authors: Nakamura Takayoshi , Kojima Kunihiko , Matsumoto Mutsuyoshi , Tachibana Hiroaki , Tanaka Motoo , Manda Eiichiro , Kawabata Yasujiro
Published: May 2006

Conductive Langmuir–Blodgett films of tridecylmethylammonium–Au(dmit)2 complex are described. The 1:1 mixed films with icosanoic acid were converted into conductors by oxidation. The film exhibited the conductivity of ca. 25 S/cm, which showed the metallic temperature dependence around room temperature.
(Methyl Difluoroacetate)copper Reagent. Remarkable Solvent Effect on the 19F-NMR Spectrum, Stability and Reactivity
Authors: Kitagawa Osamu , Taguchi Takeo , Kobayashi Yoshiro
Published: May 2006

The 19F-NMR spectrum, thermal stability and reactivity of (methyl difluoroacetate)copper reagent were found to differ remarkably depending on the solvent (DMSO, DMF, or HMPA) used. With allylic bromide or alkynyl halide a crucial solvent effect for the coupling reactions was observed.
High Temperature Pulsed Valve and Its Application to Laser Spectroscopic Study of CdAr van der Waals Complex
Authors: Okunishi Misaki , Yamanouchi Kaoru , Tsuchiya Soji
Published: May 2006

A high temperature pulsed valve which can be operated at temperatures up to 600 °C is developed and applied to laser spectroscopy of CdAr van der Waals complex. On the basis of rotational analysis of the laser induced fluorescence spectra of the C–X transitions, the interatomic potential of the C state of CdAr is determined.
Combined Use of Cation-Masking Agent with Anionic Dispersant for the Preparation of High Performance CWM
Authors: Maeda Shigeru , Ohki Akira , Gonohara Yutaka , Takeshita Toshio
Published: May 2006

By the combined use of cation-masking agent with anionic dispersant, highly-loaded coal water mixture (CWM) was prepared, and the sedimentation stability and rheological property of CWM were much improved as compared with the case of single use of the anionic dispersant.
Hydroxylation of Alkanes Catalyzed by Manganese Tetraphenylporphyrin Immobilized on Imidazole-modified Silica Gel
Authors: Tatsumi Takashi , Nakamura Makoto , Tominaga Hiro-o
Published: May 2006

Immobilization of Mn(TPP)Cl (TPP = tetraphenylporphyrin) onto 3-imidazolylpropyl-modified SiO2 resulted in enhancement of its activity for hydroxylation of cyclohexane; the support prevented the complex from forming a dimer leading to oxidative destruction.
A New Synthetic Route to the Key Precursor of 1β-Methylcarbapenem Antibiotics from (S)-Methyl 3-Hydroxy-2-methylpropanoate
Authors: Shirai Fumiyuki , Nakai Takeshi
Published: May 2006

A new synthetic route to the 1β-methylcarbapenem precursor from (S)-methyl 3-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoate has been developed which involves as a key step the chelation-controlled aldol reaction of (S)-3-benzyloxy-2-methylpropanal with ketene trimethylsilyl acetal of ethyl (trimethylsilyl)acetate.
Formation of 2-Substituted 2-Isoxazolinium Salts by the Reaction of 1,1,2,2-Tetrasubstituted Cyclopropanes with NOBF4
Authors: Ichinose Nobuyuki , Mizuno Kazuhiko , Otsuji Yoshio
Published: May 2006

The reaction of 1,1,2,2-tetraphenyl- and 1-methyl-1,2,2-tri-phenylcyclopropanes with NOBF4, gave 2-phenyl-2-isoxazolinium tetrafluoroborates via the phenyl migration from 3-phenyl-2-isoxazolidinium or 1-isoxazolinium intermediates.
A Novel Spontaneous Alternating Copolymerization of Methoxyallene with 4-Chlorophenyl Isocyanate
Authors: Mizuya Jiro , Yokozawa Tsutomu , Endo Takeshi
Published: May 2006

The spontaneous alternating copolymerization of methoxyallene with 4-chlorophenyl isocyanate proceeded through zwitterion to give polyamide having highly reactive exo-methylene groups bonded onto polymer backbone, accompanying the partial formation of β-lactam derivatives.
Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Optically Active Alkynyl Alcohols
Authors: Soai Kenso , Niwa Seiji
Published: May 2006

Enantioselective additions of dialkylzinc reagents to alkynyl aldehydes using (S)-(+)-diphenyl(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)methanol as a chiral catalyst afford optically active sec-alkynyl alcohols in high enantiomeric excess.
A Conformational Study on Highly Crowded 1,3,5-Tris[bis(trimethylsilyl)methyl]benzene Derivatives
Authors: Okazaki Renji , Unno Masafumi , Inamoto Naoki , Yamamoto Gaku
Published: May 2006

Dynamic NMR and molecular mechanics calculations show that 1-bromo-2,4,6-tris[bis(trimethylsilyl)methyl]benzene exists as a conformer where both o-methine hydrogens are coplanar with the ring and directed toward the bromine. Relevance of this conformation with unique properties of Tb as a steric protection group is also described.
Unusual Long Distances of Germanium–Carbon Bond of Organogermylalkali Metals Probed by EXAFS
Authors: Kugita Tsuyoshi , Mochida Kunio , Tohji Kazuyuki , Udagawa Yasuo
Published: May 2006

Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectra were analyzed for a series of organogermylalkali metals in solutions. The germanium–carbon bond lengths of the germylalkali metals were found to be longer as much as 10% than those of the corresponding neutral species.
Novel Method for Oxidation of Secondary Alcohols into Ketones with Molecular Oxygen by Using Cobalt(II) Complex Catalyst
Authors: Yamada Tohru , Mukaiyama Teruaki
Published: May 2006

The oxidation of secondary alcohols into the corresponding ketones using a catalytic amount of cobalt(II) complex under an oxygen atmosphere is described. The effect of additives shows that Molecular Sieves is effective to improve the yield of ketones.
Convenient Syntheses of Thiazoles Incorporated with α-Dehydroamino Acid and Dehydropeptide Structures
Authors: Nakamura Yutaka , Shin Chung-gi , Umemura Kazuyuki , Yoshimura Juji
Published: May 2006

The convenient syntheses of various thiazole α-dehydroamino acids, thiazole valine ethyl ester, and their dehydrodiand tripeptides, which are important moieties and segment of micrococcin P1 and noshiheptide, macrocyclic peptide antibiotics, were first accomplished.
Correlation of Exciplex Formation with Ground State Conformations in β-(1-Pyrenyl)ethyl Benzoates
Authors: Kawakami Jun , Iwamura Michiko , Nakamura Junko
Published: May 2006

β-(1-Pyrenyl)ethyl p-cyanobenzoate (P2CN) which forms an emissive intramolecular exciplex has a “folded” conformation as detected by 1H-NMR NOE. Precise decay lifetime analysis also confirms that the exciplex emission is mainly from that conformer. Exciplex emission was not observed for the p-chlorobenzoate (P2Cl) which did not show NOE.
Photochemistry of Disilanylcyclohexenones. ESR Detection of a Novel Silatrimethylenemethane Intermediate
Authors: Sakamoto Kenkichi , Abe Junji , Sakurai Hideki
Published: May 2006

Irradiation of 2-pentamethyldisilanyl-2-cyclohexenone in a t-butyl alcoholbenzene mixed solvent gave 2-t-butoxydimethylsilyl-3-trimethylsilyloxycyclohexene and 1-trimethylsilyloxy-2-(t-butoxydimethylsilyl)cyclohexene. Silatrimethylenemethane was detected by UV and ESR spectra. Irradiation of 2-pentamethyldisilanyl-3-methyl-2-cyclohexenone afforded 1-trimethylsilyloxy-3-methyl-3-(t-butyldimethylsilyl)hexene through methylenesilacyclopropane.
Asymmetric Structure Determination of Copper Oxide on α-Quartz(0001) Surface by Polarized Total-Reflection Fluorescence Extended X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectroscopy
Authors: Shirai Masayuki , Asakura Kiyotaka , Iwasawa Yasuhiro
Published: May 2006

Cu oxides were supported on α-quartz(0001) by CVD of Cu(DPM)2 (DPM: dipyvaloylmethanate) and the subsequent calcination. The structure of the Cu species in the submonolayer was determined by polarized total-reflection fluorescence extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy. Both s- and p-polarized EXAFS data revealed that Cu atoms were dispersed in a monomer form on the three-fold hollow sites of the quartz surface with the Cu-O distance of 0.201 nm.
Stereoselective Glycosylation Reaction Starting from 1-O-Trimethylsilyl Sugars by Using Diphenyltin Sulfide and a Catalytic Amount of Active Acidic Species
Authors: Mukaiyama Teruaki , Matsubara Koki
Published: May 2006

1,2-trans-Ribofuranosides are stereoselectively synthesized from 1-O-trimethylsilyl ribofuranose and trimethylsilyl ethers in the presence of a catalytic amount of Me3SiOTf using Ph2Sn=S as an additive, while 1,2-cis-ribofuranosides and 1,2-cis-glucopyranosides are prepared predominantly in the coexistence of LiClO4 in the above reaction.
Crystal Structure of Buckminsterfullerene (C60) Incorporated by a U-Shaped Twin Donor
Authors: Izuoka Akira , Tachikawa Tatsuya , Sugawara Tadashi , Saito Yahachi , Shinohara Hisanori
Published: May 2006

Buckminsterfullerene (C60) was found to form single crystals of an inclusion complex with a double ethylene-bridged donor, a CT absorption band being observed in its UV spectrum. Crystal structure of the complex is characterized by two one-dimensional arrays of C60’s with van der Waals contacts.
A New Preparative Route to Phosphaethynes from Dichlorophosphaethenes by Lithiation, Photoisomerization, and Re-lithiation Involving Migration
Authors: Yoshifuji Masaaki , Kawanami Hajime , Kawai Yoshinori , Toyota Kozo , Yasunami Masafumi , Niitsu Takashi , Inamoto Naoki
Published: May 2006

2-(2,4,6-Tri-t-butylphenyl)-1-phosphaethyne was prepared from 2,2-dichloro-1-(2,4,6-tri-t-butylphenyl)-1-phosphaethene by lithiation of anti-chloro atom followed by hydrolysis, photoisomerization, and repeated lithiation involving migration. The present method was successfully applied to the preparation of 2-(2,4,6-tri-t-pentylphenyl)-1-phosphaethyne.
Crystal and Molecular Structure of Tetra-palladium Cluster with a C,N,S-Tridentate Ligand
Authors: Kawamoto Tatsuya , Kushi Yoshihiko
Published: May 2006

2-(1-Naphthyl)benzothiazoline, 1-nabz, reacts with palladium(II) acetate to yield, in addition to the expected bis[2-N-(1-naphthylmethylideneamine)benzenethiolato]palladium(II), a minor by-product tetrakis[2-N-(1-naphtylmethylideneamine)benzenethiolato-Co,N,S]tetrapalladium(II) (2) of composition C68H44N4Pd4S4; the novel structure of 2 is established by X-ray diffraction.
Photocontrol of In-plane Alignment of a Nematic Liquid Crystal by a Photochromic Spiropyran Monolayer Absorbing Linearly Polarized Light
Authors: Ichimura Kunihiro , Hayashi Yuko , Ishizuki Norio
Published: May 2006

Azimuthal anisotropy of a nematic liquid crystal alignment was caused by exposing 6-nitrospirobenzopyran monolayer to linearly polarized UV light. The photo-induced in-plane alignment was scarcely altered after prolonged storage at an ambient temperature.
A New Palladium(I) Dinuclear Complex Forming a Coplanar Structure for Two Coordination Planes
Authors: Suzuki Takayoshi , Fujita Junnosuke
Published: May 2006

Dinuclear Pd(I) and Pt(I) complexes bridged by (dimethylphosphinomethyl)dimethylamine (mm-pcn), [M2Cl2{μ-(mm-pcn)}2], were prepared. X-Ray crystal structure analysis revealed that the Pd complex is a head-to-tail isomer in which the two coordination planes around Pd are coplanar.
Carbamate Derivatives of β-Cyclodextrin as Chiral Stationary Phases for Metal Capillary Gas Chromatography
Authors: Takeichi Tsutomu , Shimura Sigeru , Toriyama Hisashi , Takayama Yuzi , Morikawa Masami
Published: May 2006

Three kinds of novel chiral stationary phases for capillary gas chromatography,heptakis(2,6-di-O-pentyl)-β-cyclodextrin hepta(3-n-propyl, 3-isopropyl, and 3-phenylcarbamate), were prepared. Metal capillary columns coated with the stationary phases showed impressive enantioseparation toward many kinds of racemic compounds.
Alkoxymethylthiomethylsilanes as a Synthetic Equivalent of Thiocarbonyl Ylides. Synthesis of 1,3-Oxathiolanes and Tetrahydrothiophenes
Authors: Hojo Makoto , Ohkuma Masakazu , Hosomi Akira
Published: May 2006

Alkoxymethylthiomethylsilanes, easily prepared, react nucleophilically with aldehydes by the action of fluoride ion and electrophilically with silyl enol ethers in the presence of a Lewis acid. These products can be converted to 1,3-oxathiolanes by acid catalysis and tetrahydrothiophenes by fluoride ion-promoted intramolecular alkylthiomethylation, respectively. By both sequential reactions alkoxymethylthiomethylsilanes serve as substituted thiocarbonyl ylide synthons.
Gas Phase Substituent Effect on Basicity of Phenylacetylene. Intrinsic Resonance Demand of Phenylvinyl Cation
Authors: Mishima Masaaki , Ariga Toshifumi , Fujio Mizue , Tsuno Yuho , Kobayashi Shinjiro , Taniguchi Hiroshi
Published: May 2006

The substituent effect on gas-phase basicity of phenylacetylene has been analyzed in terms of the LArSR Eq., providing an r of 1.21 and a ρ of −14.1. The magnitude of the r is reconciled with the “resonance demand - carbocation stability relation” derived from sp2-hybridized benzylic carbocations.
On the Origin of the Distal vs. Proximal Regioselectivity in Di-O-alkylation of Calix[4]arenes
Authors: Araki Koji , Iwamoto Koji , Shigematsu Satoshi , Shinkai Seiji
Published: May 2006

The mechanistic basis of the distal vs. proximal regioselectivity in di-O-alkylation of calix[4]arene was investigated through the detailed product analyses. It was found that (i) the regioselectivity is profoundly affected by the residual intramolecular hydrogen-bonds and (ii) the distal isomer is more reactive for further O-alkylation than the proximal isomer, resulting in the “apparent” proximal selectivity.
Study on the Mechanism of Pd(0) Catalyzed Hydrostannation of Conjugated Dienes by Deuterostannation
Authors: Miyake Hideyoshi , Yamamura Kimiaki
Published: May 2006

The mechanism of Pd(0) catalyzed hydrostannation of conjugated dienes was studied by deuterostannation. In this reaction, η3-allyl complex intermediate plays an important role. This mechanism can explain the reason of the stereoselectivity and the regioselectivity of this reaction.
Synthesis of the Prelog-Djerassi Lactone and Protomycinolide IV Based on the Stereospecific Methylation of γ,δ-Epoxy Acrylates by Trimethylaluminum
Authors: Miyashita Masaaki , Hoshino Masahide , Yoshikoshi Akira , Kawamine Katsumi , Yoshihara Kousei , Irie Hiroshi
Published: May 2006

The Prelog-Djerassi lactone, a key intermediate for the synthesis of several medicinally important macrolide antibiotics, and protomycinolide IV, a 16-membered macrolide, have been synthesized by employing the recently developed stereospecific methylation of γ,δ-epoxy acrylates by trimethylaluminum as key steps.
Reaction of Pentafluoropropionic Anhydride Vapor on Polypeptide as Revealed by Mass Spectrometry. A Carboxypeptidase Mimetic Degradation
Authors: Tsugita Akira , Takamoto Keiji , Satake Kazuo
Published: May 2006

Pentafluoropropionic anhydride vapor at −18 °C degraded a dodecapeptide, AlaArgGlyIleLysGlyIleArgGlyPheSerGly to the peptides which are successively lacking from the C-terminus. The mass spectrum of the reaction mixture for 10 minutes indicated each molecular ions from the intact peptide up to the N-terminal dipeptide clearly, together with two types of successively degraded molecular ions, minus 18 and minus 45 M/Z respectively.
Asymmetric Carbon-Carbon Bond Formations by the Reaction of “Chiral Episulfonium Ions” with Enol Silyl Ethers
Authors: Toshimitsu Akio , Hirosawa Chitaru , Tanimoto Shigeo
Published: May 2006

Carbonyl compounds having asymmetric carbon center at β position and phenylthio group on γ carbon were produced by the reaction of optically active 2-hydroxyalkyl phenyl sulfides with enol silyl ethers in the presence of Lewis acid through “chiral episulfonium ions”.
A New Lactam Protecting Group
Authors: Smith Michael B , Wang Chung-Jen , Keusenkothen Paul F , Dembofsky Bruce T , Fay Joseph G , Zezza Charles A , Kwon Tae Woo , Sheu JennLine , Son Young Chan , Menezes Royce F
Published: May 2006

N-Alkenyl and N-alkoxymethyl lactams are impervious to many reagents and are useful protecting groups for lactams. Conversion to the corresponding 2-ethoxy iminium salt and hydrolysis in neutral water removes the protecting group. Mild basification regenerates the lactam.
Dimer Structures of Bacteriochlorophyll c from Chlorobium tepidum in CDCl3
Authors: Nozawa Tsunenori , Ohtomo Katsunori , Morishita Yumi , Konami Hideo , Madigan Michael T
Published: May 2006

As an aggregate structure in CDCl3 a piggyback type dimer was suggested for bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) c from Chlorobium tepidum on the basis of variations of 1H NMR chemical shifts accompanied with the aggregate formation and of values of calculated ring current shifts.
Self-Assembly of Liquid Crystalline Complexes Having Angular Structures through Intermolecular Hydrogen Bonding
Authors: Kato Takashi , Adachi Hajime , Fujishima Akira , Fréchet Jean M J
Published: May 2006

Novel liquid crystalline materials having angular structures with mesogens pointing in two directions have been prepared by complexation of phthalic or isophthalic acid and two molecules of a stilbazole through intermolecular hydrogen bonding.
Detection of Organic Compounds by Dual Fluorescence of Bis(1-pyrenecarbonyl)-γ-cyclodextrins
Authors: Suzuki Iwao , Ohkubo Masahiro , Ueno Akihiko , Osa Tetsuo
Published: May 2006

The regioisomers of 6A,6X-bis(1-pyrenecarbonyl)-γ-cyclodextrins (1-4) showed dual fluorescence composed of normal and excimer emissions in 30% aqueous DMSO solution. The fluorescence spectra of 1-4 were different from one another and varied upon guest addition in different manners depending on both host and guest. The guest-induced increases or decreases in the excimer emission intensity were used for detecting various organic compounds.
How Do Ethane-Type Molecules Avoid Eclipsing When Forced as Such? The Case of 7,8,9,10-Tetrachloro-1,1-dimethyl-1,2,6,10b-tetrahydro-6,10b-o-benzenoaceanthrylene
Authors: Oki Michinori , Endo Masahiko , Noda Yoshiyuki , Toyota Shinji , Yamasaki Mikio , Shibahara Takashi
Published: May 2006

The molecular structure of the title compound was determined by X-ray crystallography. To avoid the eclipsing interactions between the two methyl groups at the 1-position and the triptycene skeleton, the molecule exhibited several unusual bond lengths and bond angles. The benzene rings in the molecule were also deformed from planarity.
ESR Spectra of VO2+ and Mn2+ in Aqueous Solution at L-Band
Authors: Utsumi Hideo , Tatebe Takuji , Hamada Akira
Published: May 2006

L-Band (1.2 GHz) electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra of aqueous solution of vanadyl and manganese sulfate are reported with a comparison to those at X-band (9.4 GHz). ESR spectra of 0.5 mol dm−3 VO2+ and Mn2+ aqueous solution consisted of 3 and 2 resonance lines at L-band, respectively, while those gave 8 and 6 lines at X-band, respectively. The origin of the characteristic ESR spectra will be discussed in terms of frequency dependence of hyperfine coupling constant and line-broadening.
Third-Order Nonlinear Optical Susceptibilities of Solutions of Some Mesogenic Metallotetraphenylporphyrins by Nanosecond Degenerate Four-Wave Mixing Method
Authors: Sakaguchi Toru , Shimizu Yo , Miya Masaru , Fukumi Toshio , Ohta Koji , Nagata Akira
Published: May 2006

The benzene solutions of a mesogenic tetraphenylporphyrin, 5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(4-n-pentadecylphenyl)porphyrin, and its metal complexes (metal: Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, and V = O) were investigated to determine the 3rd-order nonlinear optical susceptibilities χ(3) by nanosecond degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) at 532 nm. All solutions of approximately the same concentration ( ≈ 10−5 mol/l) showed χ(3)-values of the same order of magnitude, ≈ 10−11 esu.
Structure and Physical Properties of Two Perchlorate Salts Derived from a Novel Twin Donor. Bis(4′,5′-ethylenedithio-5-methylthiotetrathiafulvalenyl-4-thio)methane
Authors: Izuoka Akira , Kumai Reiji , Sugawara Tadashi
Published: May 2006

A twin donor (1) which consists of two BEDT-TTF moieties linked by a methylenedithio bridge was prepared. Two radical salts of ClO4− with the stoichiometry of 1:1 and 2:1 were obtained through electrochemical crystallization. In the salt of 1•ClO4, the donor has a phane-like conformation. A magnetic behavior of the salt was interpreted by the one-dimensional antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model. On the other hand, the donor exist as a twist phane like conformation in the salt of 1•(ClO4)0.5 and the salt is a semiconductor (σrt = 0.1 S cm−1) with an activation energy of 5 × 10−2 eV.
A New Conjugated Ladder Polymer Synthesized by Solid-State Polymerization of a Hexayne Compound
Authors: Okada Shuji , Hayamizu Kikuko , Matsuda Hiro , Masaki Atsushi , Minami Nobutsugu , Nakanishi Hachiro
Published: May 2006

A new conjugated ladder polymer, in which two polydiacetylene backbones are connected by a butadiynylene group at every repeating unit, was synthesized by spontaneous solid-state polymerization of a dialkylhexayne compound at room temperature.
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of the Novel Dinuclear Vanadium(III) Complex K2[V2(dpot)2]·7H2O Containing 1,3-Diamino-2-propanol-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetate (dpot)
Authors: Robles Julita C , Shimoi Mamoru , Ogino Hiroshi
Published: May 2006

Reaction of VCl3 with potassium 1,3-diamino-2-propanol-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetate gave a dinuclear complex K2[V2(dpot)2]·7H2O. X-Ray crystal structure analysis revealed that each vanadium atom in the complex adopts pentagonal-bipyramidal seven-coordination. The dpot4− ion contains a deprotonated alkoxy group, which bridges the two vanadium atoms, and a pendant carboxylic acid group.
Hexafluoroisopropyl Alcohol is a Useful Cosolvent with Dimethylformamide for Tryptic Synthesis of Peptides
Authors: Nishino Norikazu , Xu Ming , Mihara Hisakazu , Fujimoto Tsutomu
Published: May 2006

A low-water-content solvent system, 4% H2O in hexafluoroisopropyl alcohol/dimethylformamide (1:1, v/v), was discovered for the efficient peptide synthesis catalyzed by trypsin. This mixed solvent retains potential superiority to the Klibanov’s solvent, 1% H2O and 9% formamide in t-amyl alcohol, in the synthesis of longer biologically active peptides by enzymatic condensation.
Zirconium Mediated Regioselective Carbon-Carbon Bond Formation Reactions
Authors: Takahashi Tamotsu , Suzuki Noriyuki , Hasegawa Maki , Nitto Yu , Aoyagi Ko-ichiro , Saburi Masahiko
Published: May 2006

Reactions of zirconocene-alkene complexes with aldehydes gave alcohols as coupling products after hydrolysis. The carbon-carbon bond formation proceeded at C1 carbon of alkenes, in sharp contrast to the reactions of alkene-alkene coupling on zirconium. A similar alcohol was also obtained by the reaction of zirconacyclopentane with aldehyde after hydrolysis. Treatment of (C5Me5)2ZrEt2 with styrene gave 2-phenylbutane after hydrolysis contrary to the case of Cp2ZrEt2 which afforded 1-phenylbutane.
Expeditious Asymmetric Synthesis of Optically Pure δ-Lactones Bearing Consecutive Three Asymmetric Centers
Authors: Nagao Yoshimitsu , Tohjo Toshiaki , Ochiai Masahito , Shiro Motoo
Published: May 2006

The (4S)-isopropyl-1,3-thiazolidine-2-thione diamides of 3-substituted glutaric acids were submitted to enolization with Sn(CF3SO3)2 and N-ethylpiperidine. The resultant tin(II) enolate was treated with several aldehydes to give the aldols, which readily undergo basic lactonization affording the corresponding chiral δ-lactones bearing consecutive three asymmetric centers.
Highly Diastereoselective Alcoholysis of σ-Symmetric Dicarboxylic Acid Anhydrides Using 1-Phenyl-3,3-bis(trifluoromethyl)propan-1,3-diol
Authors: Suda Yoshimitsu , Yago Seiji , Shiro Motoo , Taguchi Takeo
Published: May 2006

Highly diastereoselective alcoholysis of σ-symmetric dicarboxylic acid anhydrides was performed using 1-phenyl-3,3-bis(trifluoromethyl)propan-1,3-diol. The importance of the geminally trifluoromethylated carbinol moiety for achieving a high degree of chiral induction was confirmed from lower diastereoselectivity with the hydroxyl protected 1,3-diol or with the similar 1,3-diols having hydrocarbon substituents instead of the trifluoromethyl group.
A New Access to 3-(2′-Aminovinyl)indoles and Their First Diels-Alder Reactions
Authors: Pindur Ulf , Otto Christian
Published: May 2006

3-Acylindoles react with α-amino-α′-diphenylphosphin-oyl-substituted carbanions to 3-(2′-aminovinyl)indoles (7 and 12) Via carbinols. The electron-rich 3-vinylindoles 7 and 12 undergo Diels-Alder reactions with N-phenylmaleimide.
Infrared Spectrum of Veins-of-Leaf Cluster in Laser-Induced Aerosol Formation from CS2 Vapor
Authors: Matsuzaki Akiyoshi , Hamada Yoshiaki
Published: May 2006

A veins-of-leaf cluster is formed on the window surface of a reaction cell in N2-laser-induced aerosol formation from CS2 vapor. The infrared spectrum of this cluster is similar to that of the floating substance collected on a small KBr plate placed in the center of the reaction cell, and rather different from that of the sedimentary material. It is noteworthy that there are characteristic bands, which are present only in the spectrum of this cluster. The X-ray diffraction analysis indicates that an amorphous structure is much major in the cluster.
A Novel Catalyst System, Antimony(V) Chloride-Lithium Perchlorate (SbCl5-LiClO4), in the Friedel-Crafts Acylation Reaction
Authors: Mukaiyama Teruaki , Suzuki Kaoru , Han Jeong Sik , Kobayashi Shu
Published: May 2006

A novel catalyst system consisting of antimony(V) chloride (SbCl5) and lithium perchlorate (LiClO4) effectively promotes the Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction of aromatic compounds with acid anhydrides.
Diastereoselective Addition of Organometallics to α-Keto Esters Bearing chiro-Inositol Derivatives as Chiral Auxiliaries
Authors: Akiyama Takahiko , Nishimoto Hiroyuki , Ishikawa Keiichiro , Ozaki Shoichiro
Published: May 2006

The nucleophilic addition of organometallics to α-keto esters derived from (1l)-1,2:5,6-di-O-cyclohexylidene-3-t-butyldimethylsilyl-chiro-inositol afforded the corresponding α-hydroxy esters of high diastereomeric excess (up to 98% de). Grignard reagents attacked from re-face, while organolithium reagents preferred si-face attack.
Preparation of Pyrazole and Pyrazoline Derivatives by Intramolecular Reaction of Hydrazones
Authors: Shen Jing-Kang , Katayama Hajime
Published: May 2006

Pyrazole and pyrazoline derivatives are prepared by the intramolecular cyclization reaction of a hydrazonyl group with formyl or keto groups in the presence of a Lewis acid.
Electrochemical Synthesis of Soluble Poly(n-alkylphenylene)s
Authors: Shimura Tadashi , Funaki Hiroshi , Nishihara Hiroshi , Aramaki Kunitsugu , Ohsawa Toshiyuki , Yoshino Katsumi
Published: May 2006

Electrochemical oxidation of n-alkylbenzenes (alkyl = butyl, hexyl, octyl, and dodecyl) in 0.1 mol dm−3 n-Bu4NBF4-nitromethane with a catalytic amount of NiCl2[P(allyl)2Ph]2 affords poly(n-alkylphenylene)s soluble in common organic solvents. n-Alkylbenzene with a longer alkyl chain gives a soluble polymer with higher molecular weight, more positive oxidation potential and larger band gap.
Catalytic Dehydrochlorination of 1,1,2-Trichloroethane(TCE) into 1,1-Dichloroethene(DCE) over Cesium Nitrate Supported on Silica Gel
Authors: Mochida Isao , Yasumoto Yoshinori , Fujitsu Hiroshi , Kojima Yasuhiro
Published: May 2006

Catalytic activity of silica gel-supported cesium salts was examined for the dehydrochlorination of TCE into DCE by recovering hydrogen chloride. Among the salts, CsNO3 showed the best activity, although it was converted into CsCl during the reaction. High dispersion of CsNO3 on silica gel may be a major reason of the high activity.
Synthesis and Characteristics of Novel Transition Metal Complexes with High Superoxide Dismutase Activity
Authors: Mori Yutaka , Sato Masaru , Iida Takeaki
Published: May 2006

Several N,N,N′,N′-Tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine (TPEN) analogues were synthesized and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities of their Fe(II), Co(III), Mn(II), and Ni(II) complexes were investigated. The results indicated that N,N,N′,N′-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)-(±)-trans-1′,2′-cyclohexanediamine (TPCN) and Fe(II) formed [Fe(II)3(TPCN)2] complex. The [Fe(II)3(TPCN)2] complex was found to increase the SOD activity and exhibited longer stability than that of [Fe(II)TPEN]2+ in aqueous solution.
Synthesis and Chromogenic Properties of New Water-Soluble Glycosylated Porphines
Authors: Kohata Katsunori , Yamaguchi Yuichi , Higashio Hisao , Odashima Tsugikatsu , Ishii Hajime
Published: May 2006

We synthesized two kinds of new water-soluble glycosylated porphines, 5,10,15,20-tetrakis[4′-(β-d-glucopyranosyl)phenyl]porphine and 5,10,15,20-tetrakis[3′-(β-d-glucopyranosyl)phenyl]porphine, and investigated their chromogenic properties and reactivities with copper(II) ion.
Gas Phase Basicities of α-Trimethylsilylstyrenes. Intrinsic Effect of α-Trimethylsilyl Group on the Stability of Carbenium Ions
Authors: Mishima Masaaki , Ariga Toshifumi , Tsuno Yuho , Ikenaga Kazutoshi , Kikukawa Kiyoshi
Published: May 2006

Gas phase basicities of α-trimethylsilylstyrenes have been determined by measuring proton transfer equilibrium constants. Basicity of α-trimethylsilylstyrene was found to be comparable to that of α-alkylstyrene, suggesting that α-trimethylsilyl group as well as α-alkyl group stabilizes a carbenium ion.
Migration of Acetoxy Group from Tetracoordinated Tellurium Compound, 12,12-Diacetoxy-5H,7H-dibenzo[b,g][1,5]tellurathiocin, Induced by Transannular Te-S Interaction
Authors: Fujihara Hisashi , Takaguchi Yutaka , Furukawa Naomichi
Published: May 2006

The reaction of 12-oxo-5H,7H-dibenzo[b,g][1,5]tellurathiocin with acetic anhydride afforded a 12,12-diacetoxy-substituted tellurane (3). Heating of the benzene solution of 3 gave a remote α-acetoxylated sulfide and the parent 5H,7H-dibenzo[b,g][1,5]tellurathiocin.
A Novel Metathesis Catalyst Consisting of Non-transition Elements. The Metathesis of Alkenes over Tetramethyltin/Dehydroxylated Alumina
Authors: Ahn Ho-Geun , Yamamoto Kei , Nakamura Ryuichi , Niiyama Hiroo
Published: May 2006

Sn(CH3)4/Al2O3 prepared by the deposition of Sn(CH3)4 to alumina which was previously dehydroxylated by heating at 773–1223 K was found to be an active catalyst for the metathesis of alkenes. The catalytic activity greatly depended on the pretreatment temperature of the alumina and the amount of Sn(CH3)4 deposited.
First Observation of a Thermal Contraction-Type Phase Transition in A-T Isobars of Monolayers at the Air/Water Interface with Temperature Increase
Authors: Kato Teiji , Akiyama Hideyuki , Yoshida Masaaki
Published: May 2006

A-T isobars of octadecylurea monolayers were measured. This is the first direct observation that the monolayers exhibited a first-order phase transition accompanying discontinuous molecular area contraction with increasing temperature. This may be due to the “fusion” of a hydrogen bonded bulky structure of urea head groups in the monolayers at the water surface.
Lactonization of ω-Hydroxy Esters over Hydrous Zirconium(IV) Oxide
Authors: Kuno Hideyuki , Shibagaki Makoto , Takahashi Kyoko , Honda Ichiro , Matsushita Hajime
Published: May 2006

The lactonization of ω-hydroxy esters was carried out by catalysis with hydrous zirconium(IV) oxide. In the flow reaction system, ω-hydroxy esters were efficiently converted to give the corresponding lactones. In particular, it is noteworthy that heptanolide is obtained in good yield. In addition, it is possible to produce a large quantity of lactones in this catalyst system.
Use of Sodium Nitrite Auxiliary Electrode for Solid Electrolyte Sensor to Detect Nitrogen Oxides
Authors: Yao Sheng , Shimizu Youichi , Miura Norio , Yamazoe Noboru
Published: May 2006

An Na+-conductor (NASICON)-based solid electrolyte device fitted with an NaNO2 auxiliary electrode showed excellent sensing characteristics to NO and NO2 in air. The electromotive force, EMF, followed the Nernst’s equation for 1–800 ppm NO and 0.1–200 ppm NO2 at temperatures of 150–240 °C, the Nernst’s slopes indicating one-electron reduction for both gases.
Stereocontrolled 1,4-Asymmetric Reduction of Cyclic Hemiketals. Synthesis of Both anti and syn-1,4-Diols, and Their Transformations into trans-and cis-2,5-Disubstituted Tetrahydrofurans
Authors: Chikashita Hidenori , Fukushima Takashi , Uemura Hiromitsu , Itoh Kazuyoshi
Published: May 2006

Reduction of dithioacetal-functionalized cyclic hemiketals with LiAlH4 in THF and NaBH4 in ethanol gave the corresponding anti- and syn-1,4-diols with excellent Stereoselectivity, respectively. The anti- and syn-1,4-diols were easily transformed into trans- and cis-2,5-disubstituted tetrahydrofurans with complete stereospecificity by the one-step cyclodehydration with p-TsCl in pyridine, respectively.