bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Digital Economy and Human Resources Based on Fuzzy Clustering and Edge Computing
Authors: Wang Zhouhuo
Published: February 2021

The internationalization of the digital economy is an important part of the development stage of the digital economy. How to improve the internationalization level of the digital economy, promote the international competitiveness of digital enterprises, and accelerate the pace of digital enterprises “going out” has become the current digital economy research field problem that needs to be solved urgently. Aiming at the current deficiencies in the development of the digital economy, this paper combines edge computing and fuzzy clustering technology to carry out research on digital economy and human resources. First of all, through the clustering analysis of the factors of digital economy and human resources, the weight of each factor is obtained. Secondly, edge computing technology is used in the architectural design of digital economy and human resources research. Finally, the simulation test analysis verifies the efficiency of the digital economy and human resources architecture based on fuzzy clustering and edge computing established in this paper. The research is helpful for the development of the analysis of digital economy and human resources.
Model Optimization of Shale Gas Reservoir Volume Fracturing Dissolved Gas Simulation Adsorbed Gas
Authors: Dong Hao , Zhang Yi , Li Zongwu , Jiang Chao , Li Jiaze , Wu Tao , Wang Liting , Wang Chuangjiang , Wang Hao , Li Fujing , Ru Qian
Published: February 2021

Shale reservoirs have some natural fractures with a certain density and connectivity. The basic percolation model of shale gas reservoir: the black oil model of gas-water phase is used as the basic model, and the dissolved gas is used to simulate adsorbed gas. Accurate description of natural fractures: random distributed discrete fracture model is used as the basic model to describe natural fractures. By comparing the calculation results of single medium (including random distributed discrete fracture model) and double medium model, the model for predicting shale gas productivity is optimized.
Biotemplated Synthesis of Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles in the Presence of Root Extract of Kniphofia schemperi and Its Application for Dye Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Bekele Eneyew Tilahun , Zereffa Enyew Amare , Gultom Noto Susanto , Kuo Dong-Hau , Gonfa Bedasa Abdisa , Sabir Fedlu Kedir
Published: February 2021

Metal oxide nanoparticles prepared by biological route using green plant parts as a template are eco-friendly as well as yield good results than the conventional methods. This present study focusses on biosynthesis and characterization of TiO2 NPs using root extract of Kniphofia schemperi for dye-sensitized solar cells. TiO2 NPs were synthesized using 0.25 M titanium tetra butoxide in the presence of root extract of Kniphofia schemperi with the volume ratios. The analysis result revealed that the synthesized TiO2 NPs were thermally stable above 500°C and have spherical morphology, with the average crystalline size of 11.7, 8.3, and 8.6 nm, and band gap energy of 3.35 eV, 3.33 eV, and 3.36 eV, respectively, for the TiO2 NPs prepared at the volume ratios of 2 : 3, 1 : 1, and 3 : 2. Biosynthesized TiO2 NPs were used as photoanode in dye-sensitized solar cells (a device used for converting absorbed light into electricity). Solar cell devices were fabricated using roots of Kniphofia schemperi sensitizer in the presence of TiO2 NPs biosynthesized within (2 : 3, 1 : 1, and 3 : 2) volume ratio, which showed power conversion efficiency of 0.039%, 0.117%, and 1.3%. Incident photon to current conversion efficiency (IPCE) analysis using TiO2 (2 : 3, 1 : 1, and 3 : 2) photoelectrodes showed 6.64%, 2.66%, and 18%. Among the biosynthesized TiO2 different volume ratios, TiO2 (3 : 2) NPs showed relatively maximum solar cell efficiency and IPCE value due to its uniform spherical shape that enables to absorb large dye molecules on its surface, and this intern improves device efficiency.
Influence of Chemically Reacting Ferromagnetic Carreau Nanofluid over a Stretched Sheet with Magnetic Dipole and Viscous Dissipation
Authors: Muntazir R. M. Akram , Mushtaq M. , Shahzadi S. , Jabeen K.
Published: February 2021

Due to potential implications, boundary layer analysis of chemically reacting Carreau nanofluid has been carried out to examine flow properties of ferromagnetic fluid over a stretched sheet in the presence of magnetic dipole, for shear thinning and shear thickening fluids. Furthermore, the transportation of heat under thermal radiation, heat generation, the Brownian, and thermophoresis aspects has been evaluated. The dimensionless form of highly nonlinear coupled partial differential equations is obtained using suitable similarity transformations and then solved numerically by well-known

bvp
4
c

technique via MATLAB based on the shooting method. The outcomes of physical quantities are presented through graphs and numerical benchmarks. Moreover, outcomes for skin fraction, Sherwood and Nusselt numbers for velocity, concentration, and temperature are also estimated in this study. The present study reveals that the concentration and thermal boundary layer thicknesses were higher for shear thinning

n
<
1

fluid when compared with shear thickening

n
>
1

fluids, but reverse effects are to be observed for momentum boundary layer thickness.
Changes in Coronal Alignment of the Knee Joint after Supramalleolar Osteotomy
Authors: Chun Dong-Il , Kim Jahyung , Won Sung Hun , Cho Jaeho , Ha Jeongku , Kil Minkyu , Yi Young
Published: February 2021

Background. Assessing knee joint orientation changes after SMO may help clinical advancement in managing patients with ipsilateral ankle and knee joint arthritis. However, knee joint changes after supramalleolar osteotomy (SMO) have not been reported. We investigated changes in coronal alignment of the knee joint after SMO. Methods. In this multicentre study, from January 2014 to December 2018, 47 ankles with varus osteoarthritis treated with SMO were retrospectively identified. Ankle joint changes were assessed using the tibiotalar angle, talar tilt angle, and lateral distal tibial angle (LDTA); knee joint changes using the medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA), medial and lateral joint space widths (mJSW and lJSW, respectively), and medial and lateral joint line convergence angles (JLCA); and lower limb alignment changes using mechanical axis deviation angle (MADA) and the hip‐knee‐ankle (HKA) angle measured on full‐length anteroposterior radiographs of the lower extremity. Correlation analysis and binary logistic regression analysis were performed. Results. Postoperatively, LDTA (p < 0.001) and tibiotalar angle (p < 0.001) significantly changed, indicating meaningful improvement in the ankle joint varus deformity. Regarding the knee joint changes, JLCA significantly changed into valgus direction (p = 0.044). As for lower limb alignment changes, MADA significantly decreased (p < 0.001), whereas the HKA angle significantly increased (p < 0.001). In univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, changes in the MADA (p < 0.001) and the HKA angle (p < 0.001) were significantly correlated with the correction angle. Conclusions. SMO remarkably improves ankle joint varus deformity, followed by significant lower limb alignment changes. Despite meaningful changes in JLCA, the relationship between the amount of osteotomy near the ankle joint and improvement in knee joint radiographic parameters was not significant. Radiographic parameters of the knee joint would less likely be changed following SMO.
Self-Information Loss Compensation Learning for Machine-Generated Text Detection
Authors: Wang Weikuan , Feng Ao
Published: February 2021

The technology of automatic text generation by machine has always been an important task in natural language processing, but the low-quality text generated by the machine seriously affects the user experience due to poor readability and fuzzy effective information. The machine-generated text detection method based on traditional machine learning relies on a large number of artificial features with detection rules. The general method of text classification based on deep learning tends to the orientation of text topics, but logical information between texts sequences is not well utilized. For this problem, we propose an end-to-end model which uses the text sequences self-information to compensate for the information loss in the modeling process, to learn the logical information between the text sequences for machine-generated text detection. This is a text classification task. We experiment on a Chinese question and answer the dataset collected from a biomedical social media, which includes human-written text and machine-generated text. The result shows that our method is effective and exceeds most baseline models.
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Intestinal Parasitic Infections among Food Handlers in Mettu Town, Southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Yeshanew Solomon , Tadege Melaku , Abamecha Abdulhakim
Published: February 2021

Food handlers are important sources of intestinal parasitic infection to the public and mass catering service areas. Several reports worldwide particularly in developing countries showed a high prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among these groups of individuals. In an attempt to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites, a cross-sectional study was carried out among food handlers in food establishment areas of Mettu town, Southwest Ethiopia. To collect sociodemographic characteristics of the study participants, a structured questionnaire and physical observation were employed. Stool specimens collected from each food handlers participated in the study were then examined using light microscopy of the wet mount followed by formol-ether concentration methods to see infection status. A total of 139 food handlers were enrolled in the study. Majority of them were females 89 (64%), and 124 (89.2%) of them had not taken any training related to food handling and preparation. Sixty-two (44.6%) of the study participants were diagnosed with one or more intestinal parasites. The chi-square test showed that intestinal parasite infection was found associated with personal hygiene (

p

 ≤ 0.0001), nail trimming status (

p

 ≤ 0.0001), and hair cover status (

p

 ≤ 0.040). The multivariable logistic regression indicated that the risk to be infected with intestinal parasites were related with older age (

p

 ≤ 0.032), food handlers who had no hand wash practices (

p

 ≤ 0.033), who had no food handling and preparation training (

p

 ≤ 0.005), poor personal hygiene (

p

 ≤ 0.0001), who had not taken regular medical checkup (

p

 ≤ 0.008), and whose nail was not trimmed (

p

 ≤ 0.0001). The most abundant intestinal parasite identified was G. lamblia (24, 26.7%) followed by E. histolytica/dispar (22, 24.4%), and A. lumbricoides (15, 16.7%). Twenty-eight (45.2%) study individuals were also found with mixed infections. The study thus revealed a high prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection among apparently healthy food handlers in food establishments of the study area. Mass drug administration for all food handlers working in food establishment areas of the town coupled with health education and training should be initiated urgently.
The Value of a Seven-Autoantibody Panel Combined with the Mayo Model in the Differential Diagnosis of Pulmonary Nodules
Authors: Ling Zhougui , Chen Jifei , Wen Zhongwei , Wei Xiaomou , Su Rui , Tang Zhenming , Hu Zhuojun
Published: February 2021

Background. Identifying malignant pulmonary nodules and detecting early-stage lung cancer (LC) could reduce mortality. This study investigated the clinical value of a seven-autoantibody (7-AAB) panel in combination with the Mayo model for the early detection of LC and distinguishing benign from malignant pulmonary nodules (MPNs). Methods. The concentrations of the elements of a 7-AAB panel were quantitated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 806 participants. The probability of MPNs was calculated using the Mayo predictive model. The performances of the 7-AAB panel and the Mayo model were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses, and the difference between groups was evaluated by chi-square tests (

χ

2

). Results. The combined area under the ROC curve (AUC) for all 7 AABs was higher than that of a single one. The sensitivities of the 7-AAB panel were 67.5% in the stage I-II LC patients and 60.3% in the stage III-IV patients, with a specificity of 89.6% for the healthy controls and 83.1% for benign lung disease patients. The detection rate of the 7-AAB panel in the early-stage LC patients was higher than that of traditional tumor markers. The AUC of the 7-AAB panel in combination with the Mayo model was higher than that of the 7-AAB panel alone or the Mayo model alone in distinguishing MPN from benign nodules. For early-stage MPN, the sensitivity and specificity of the combination were 93.5% and 58.0%, respectively. For advanced-stage MPN, the sensitivity and specificity of the combination were 91.4% and 72.8%, respectively. The combination of the 7-AAB panel with the Mayo model significantly improved the detection rate of MPN, but the positive predictive value (PPV) and the specificity were not improved when compared with either the 7-AAB panel alone or the Mayo model alone. Conclusion. Our study confirmed the clinical value of the 7-AAB panel for the early detection of lung cancer and in combination with the Mayo model could be used to distinguish benign from malignant pulmonary nodules.
Thromboembolism in Malignant Musculoskeletal Tumour: A Literature Review
Authors: Kamal Achmad Fauzi , Ramang Didi Saputra , Prasetyo Marcel
Published: February 2021

Malignant musculoskeletal tumour may cause considerable burden to general health. The fast growth combined with the tumour characteristics and its invasion capability resulted in the poor prognosis of malignant musculoskeletal tumour. Malignant musculoskeletal tumour may cause significant disability by destroying normal tissue that plays important role in body kinematics. Thromboembolism, including deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and other kinds of venous thromboembolism, is one of the most underestimated complications of musculoskeletal tumour. Normally, thrombosis ensues when pathologic factors overcame the body hemostatic regulatory capabilities, which will predispose the body to the formation of thrombus. Venous thromboembolism in musculoskeletal tumour may develop as a result of interaction between the tumour pathologic capabilities and its interaction with normal bodily functions. In this study, we reviewed the burden of musculoskeletal tumour and its complication on global health. Then, the review will focus on the pathologic and clinical aspect of thromboembolism in malignant musculoskeletal tumour, including pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment based on recent findings and literature.
A Benders Decomposition Method for Dynamic Facility Location in Integrated Closed Chain Problem
Authors: Rahmani Arsalan , Yousefikhoshbakht Majid
Published: February 2021

The design for integrating the forward-reverse logistics network has attracted growing attention with the relentless pressures from environmental and social requirements to increase operational efficiency and support sustainable operations. Therefore, a dynamic facility in the closed chain is presented for the first time. In this problem, a set of facilities with determined locations are used based on whether they serve as forward-reverse, or joint facilities dealing with products from both directions. The objective is to minimize the total costs, including fixed location, fixed ordering, inventory holding, transportation, and reprocessing costs. In this paper, a mixed integer nonlinear program (MINLP) of a single type of forwarding product and a single type of returned product is proposed and a Benders decomposition method (BDM) is developed to solve the problem efficiently. The computational results on several randomly generated issues demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can efficiently solve the MINLP model compared to other algorithms.
Dynamic Modeling and Analysis of the Telescopic Sleeve Antiswing Device for Shipboard Cranes
Authors: Wang Jianli , Wang Shenghai , Chen Haiquan , Niu Anqi , Jin Guoliang
Published: February 2021

In order to explore the dynamic characteristics of the telescopic sleeve antiswing device for shipboard cranes under coupling excitation, a three-dimensional dynamic model of the ship crane telescopic sleeve antiswing device is established in this study, and the accuracy of the model is verified through experiments. By dynamic analysis, the influence of sleeve extension and contraction, damper parameters, and ship excitation on the payload swing is found; meanwhile, the influence of payload swing on ship stability is discovered. At the same time, the simulation results show that the three-dimensional dynamic model can accurately simulate the swing reduction characteristics of the antiswing device. The in-plane and out-plane angles of the swing are reduced by 70% and 90%. The research results have great significance to further explore the antiswing mechanism and structural design of the mechanical antiswing device.
Microstructure and Macromechanical Properties of Retaining Structure of Near-Water Reinforced Soil under Dry-Wet Cycle
Authors: Hou Yujie , Wang Bo , Huang Liang , Xu Jianguo , Liu Dun , Zhu Jiahua
Published: February 2021

Reinforced soil-retaining structures that have been working in near-water environments for a long time are likely to affect their own mechanical properties due to the dry-wet cycle caused by changes in water level. In response to this problem, this paper uses a combination of macro- and microtests, selecting reinforced soil samples with four water content conditions, five overburden pressure conditions, three sets of dry-wet cycle conditions, and a total of 60 working conditions for testing. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the microscopic characterization of the reinforced soil particles under different times of the dry-wet cycle, and the pull-out test was used to study the mechanical properties of the interface of the reinforced materials and soils. The analysis results of the test show that the dry-wet cycles increase the porosity of the reinforced soil and the number of pores, among which the proportion of micro and small pores increases, the abundance and fractal dimension of reinforced soil particles increase, and the roughness of the particle surface is reduced. The change of the microstructure of the reinforced soil causes the cohesion of the soil to decrease in the macroscopic view. The friction coefficient and the ultimate pull-out force of the interface between the reinforced materials and the soils decrease with the increase of times of dry-wet cycle.
Energy Distribution Law of Dynamic Failure of Coal-Rock Combined Body
Authors: Chen Guangbo , Li Tan , Zhang Guohua , Teng Pengcheng , Gong Bin
Published: February 2021

The rock burst must be generated by energy. In order to explore the distribution law of energy in coal-rock system, based on the structural characteristics of coal and rock and the mechanical characteristics analysis of coal-rock combined body model, the calculation formula of energy distribution was given before the damage of same diameter coal-rock combine body and nonsame-diameter coal-rock combined body; the uniaxial compression experiments were carried out on the combined body, and the energy distribution before the failure of the combined body was calculated by using the energy distribution calculation formula. The results show that the greater the difference in hardness between the components of the combined body, the stronger the outburst proneness; the energy mainly accumulates on the weak component before the combined body is destroyed, and the hard components act as a clamping device. When the soft layers and the hard rock layers are interbedded, the energy accumulation ability of the soft rock layer is stronger than that of the hard rock layer, and the weak rock layer is the main carrier of energy accumulation. According to this, from the perspective of energy accumulation layer, for the energy-bearing structure, direct release energy and indirect release energy two kinds of rock burst prevention and control concepts and corresponding antiburst measures were proposed. At the same time, engineering practice, microseismic monitoring, and on-site measurement were conducted in Junde Coal Mine. The results show that the blasting pressure relief for the weak coal seam and the hard roof destroys the energy-bearing structure formed by the fine sandstone-coal-fine sandstone and effectively releases the energy and has a remarkable antiscour effect.
Bioethanol Production from Stalk Residues of Chiquere and Gebabe Varieties of Sweet Sorghum
Authors: Chauhan Nitin Mahendra , Hajare Sunil Tulshiram , Mamo Buzuayehu , Madebo Abreham Assefa
Published: February 2021

Bioethanol produced from renewable resource has potential to solve environmental pollution and to satisfy the need of demand and supply. It favours the use of nonfood lignocellulosic materials. Ethanol produced from plant materials can sustain the economy by reducing cost of imported petroleum, emitting neutral CO2. Moreover, it enhances the economy by providing value added market opportunities for transportation and agricultural sector. Therefore, the objective of the study was to investigate bioethanol production from stalk residues of Chiquere and Gebabe varieties of sweet sorghum collected from West Arsi Zone, Ethiopia. Response surface methods with a three factor (inoculum size, pH, and dilution rate) with triplicate run by using the Box–Behnken method was referred. The experiment employed dilute acid hydrolysis, because it is an easy and productive process by treating the stalks with 4% of sulfuric acid for effective hydrolysis of substrate. Finally, the fermentation was carried out at 30°C for 72 hours on a shaker at 180 rpm by using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The significance of the result was evaluated by using ANOVA, where

P

values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. In the process, maximum yield of ethanol was obtained at an inoculum size of 5% (22.40%), pH level of 4.0 (21%), and dilution rate at 10 ml (21.46%). Very low yeast inoculum size and dilution factor have positive effect on the yield of ethanol, whereas very high dilution rate produced negative impact on ethanol production. FTIR spectroscopy peaks associated with O-H, C-O, and C-H stretching vibrations confirmed the presence of ethanol obtained from sweet sorghum stalks. The results of our study indicated that, being available in bulky amounts and nonedible material, sweet sorghum stalks can serve as potential feedstock for bioethanol production in developing countries such as Ethiopia.
A New Unified Solution for Deep Tunnels in Water-Rich Areas considering Pore Water Pressure
Authors: Fan Hao , Wang Lianguo , Wang Shuai , Jiang Chongyang
Published: February 2021

Pore water pressure has an important influence on the stresses and deformation of the surrounding rock of deep tunnels in water-rich areas. In this study, a mechanical model for deep tunnels subjected to a nonuniform stress field in water-rich areas is developed. Considering the pore water pressure, a new unified solution for the stresses, postpeak zone radii, and surface displacement is derived based on a strain-softening model and the Mogi-Coulomb criterion. Through a case study, the effects of pore water pressure, intermediate principal stress, and residual cohesion on the stress distribution, postpeak zone radii, and surface displacement are also discussed. Results show that the tangential stresses are always larger than the radial stress. The radial stress presents a gradually increasing trend, while the tangential stress presents a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, and the maximum tangential stress appears at the interface between the elastic and plastic zones. As the pore water pressure increases, the postpeak zone radii and surface displacement increase. Because of the neglect of the intermediate principal stress in the Mohr-Coulomb criterion, the postpeak zone radii, surface displacement, and maximum tangential stress solved by the Mohr-Coulomb criterion are all larger than those solved by the Mogi-Coulomb criterion. Tunnels surrounded by rock masses with a higher residual cohesion experience lower postpeak zone radii and surface displacement. Data presented in this study provide an important theoretical basis for supporting the tunnels in water-rich areas.
A Penetrating-Anchoring Mathematical Model for the Soft Asteroid Anchoring System
Authors: Zhao Zhijun , Wang Shuang , Zhao Jingdong
Published: February 2021

The asteroid landing mechanism is necessary to be anchored to avoid flowing away. At present, the study on the anchoring system is mainly focused on the mechanical design, but there are few researches on the penetrating or anchoring mathematical model, and the researches on combining two models with each other are even more lacking. In the paper, based on the characteristics of Mohr-Coulomb material, a penetrating mathematical model of the anchoring system is established. This penetrating mathematical model can be used to calculate the penetrating depth of the anchor body according to the penetrating speed and the medium properties. Secondly, an anchoring mathematical model is established, which shows the relationships among the anchoring force, medium properties, and penetrating depth. Finally, a penetrating-anchoring mathematical model is built with the penetrating depth as the link. The model establishes a relationship between the anchoring force and the initial penetrating conditions.
MTQA: Text‐Based Multitype Question and Answer Reading Comprehension Model
Authors: Chen Deguang , Ma Ziping , Wei Lin , Ma Jinlin , Zhu Yanbin
Published: February 2021

Text‐based multitype question answering is one of the research hotspots in the field of reading comprehension models. Multitype reading comprehension models have the characteristics of shorter time to propose, complex components of relevant corpus, and greater difficulty in model construction. There are relatively few research works in this field. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the model performance. In this paper, a text‐based multitype question and answer reading comprehension model (MTQA) is proposed. The model is based on a multilayer transformer encoding and decoding structure. In the decoding structure, the headers of the answer type prediction decoding, fragment decoding, arithmetic decoding, counting decoding, and negation are added for the characteristics of multiple types of corpora. Meanwhile, high‐performance ELECTRA checkpoints are employed, and secondary pretraining based on these checkpoints and an absolute loss function are designed to improve the model performance. The experimental results show that the performance of the proposed model on the DROP and QUOREF corpora is better than the best results of the current existing models, which proves that the proposed MTQA model has high feature extraction and relatively strong generalization capabilities.
Study on Discrete Manufacturing Quality Control Technology Based on Big Data and Pattern Recognition
Authors: Xin-chun Chen , Peng Ding , Nai-qing Yan , Meng-xue Bi
Published: February 2021

Aiming at the quality control problems in the discrete manufacturing process of large and superlarge equipment, which cannot meet the urgent needs of production, a quality control method based on big data and pattern recognition is proposed. A large amount of data is collected through the test equipment developed in the discrete manufacturing process; a database of typical working conditions and an information tracking system relying on the cloud platform were formed. The working conditions were divided by the principal component analysis (PCA) and improved K-means algorithm. The Markov prediction model predicts the working conditions, recognizes the pattern with typical working conditions, regulates the processing parameters, and achieves quality control. Taking the quality control of the hydraulic cylinder manufacturing process above 5 m as an example for experimental verification, the experiments indicated that working conditions can be automatically identified and classified through pattern recognition technology. The process capability index Cpk increased from 0.6 to 1, which proved the effectiveness of quality control and the improvement of processing capabilities.
Performance Analysis of Backhaul‐Aware User Association in 5G Ultradense Heterogeneous Networks
Authors: Yu Junpeng , Zhang Hongtao , Chen Yuqing , Ruan Yaduan
Published: February 2021

In 5G ultradense heterogeneous networks, wireless backhaul, as one of the important base station (BS) resources that affect user services, has attracted more and more attention. However, a user would access to the BS which is the nearest for the user based on the conventional user association scheme, which constrains the network performance improvement due to the limited backhaul capacity. In this paper, using backhaul‐aware user association scheme, semiclosed expressions of network performance metrics are derived in ultradense heterogeneous networks, including coverage probability, rate coverage, and network delay. Specifically, all possible access and backhaul links within the user connectable range of BSs and anchor base stations (A‐BSs) are considered to minimize the analytical results of outage probability. The outage for the user occurs only when the access link or backhaul link which forms the link combination with the optimal performance is failure. Furthermore, the theoretical analysis and numerical results evaluate the impact of the fraction of A‐BSs and the BS‐to‐user density ratio on network performance metric to seek for a more reasonable deployment of BSs in the practical scenario. The simulation results show that the coverage probability of backhaul‐aware user association scheme is improved significantly by about 2× compared to that of the conventional user association scheme when backhaul is constrained.
Biopiracy: Abolish Corporate Hijacking of Indigenous Medicinal Entities
Authors: Imran Yoonus , Wijekoon Nalaka , Gonawala Lakmal , Chiang Yu-Chung , De Silva K. Ranil D.
Published: February 2021

Biopiracy as “a silent disease” is hardly detectable because it does not leave traces frequently. The corporate hijacking of food is the most important health hazard in this era; giant commercial enterprises are using intellectual property rights to patent indigenous medicinal plants, seeds, genetic resources, and traditional medicines. The new era of biotechnology relies on the genes of living organisms as raw materials. The “Gene Rush” has thus become similar to that of the old “Gold Rush.” Sri Lanka has been spotted in the top 34 biodiversity hotspots globally. Moreover, localized in the tropics, human generations in Sri Lanka have utilized the array of plant species for herbal treatments and treatment of diseases. Sri Lanka after its 30-year civil war is moving towards a solid growth and conservation of the environment which is a major component in a sustainable development where the conservation of biodiversity plays a significant role. In this paper, we present an overview of typical cases of global biopiracy, bioprospecting via introduction of cost-effective deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fingerprinting and international protocol with Private-Public-People Partnership concept as excellent forms of utilization of natural resources. We propose certain perspectives as scientists towards abolishing biopiracy and also to foster the fair utilization of natural resources; since the economy of most developing countries is agriculture based, the gross domestic product of the developing countries could be increased by enhanced bioprospecting via introduction of cost-effective DNA fingerprinting technologies and thus not being a pray of corporate hijacking.“Biopiracy is biological theft; illegal collection of indigenous plants by corporations who patent them for their own use” (Vandana Shiva).
Flame Hair: Auxiliary Trichoscopic Finding in Radiotherapy-Induced Alopecia
Authors: Lima Ana Beatriz Silva , Rocha Fernanda Tirelli , Perecin Fernanda André Martins Cruz , Simão João Carlos Lopes , Westin Andrezza Telles , Frade Marco Andrey Cipriani
Published: February 2021

Radiotherapy-induced alopecia is characterized by an anagen effluvium (AE). It may be temporary or permanent, depending on the radiation dose. The diagnosis is based on clinical history and dermatologic exam with trichoscopy being auxiliary the presence of flame hair. We describe a case of an AE induced by radiotherapy, emphasizing the trichoscopic findings.
Avaliação de serviços no turismo
Authors: Santana Juliana Cardoso de , Maracajá Kettrin Farias Bem , Machado Petruska de Araujo
Published: February 2021

O mercado turístico apresenta crescente competitividade e por isso, as empresas buscam melhorar a captação das percepções dos seus clientes sobre a qualidade percebida durante o consumo do serviço. O estudo propôs um mapa conceitual sobre avaliação da qualidade de serviços no turismo, discutindo as perspectivas teóricas e práticas. Para isso, utilizou-se uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura, contemplando a análise de 148 artigos científicos e, construindo-se um portfólio com 10 artigos nacionais e 10 internacionais. Assim gerou-se um mapa conceitual que esquematiza as principais discussões na área. Por fim, a síntese e discussão dos resultados pautaram-se em três abordagens de estudo: teórica, de eventos e de modelos para a avaliação da qualidade em serviços turísticos. Esta pesquisa oferece contribuições teóricas e práticas através do mapa conceitual auxiliando na compreensão das principais abordagens das correntes de estudo e, na prática, estimula gerentes a avaliar de maneira efetiva a qualidade dos serviços oferecidos em seus respectivos empreendimentos.
Os dez anos de cobertura das periferias pela Agência Mural: Relato sobre a trajetória da Agência Mural desde 2010 na região metropolitana de São Paulo
Authors: Talarico Paulo
Published: February 2021

A Agência Mural de Jornalismo das Periferias completa dez anos em novembro de 2020. Mantido por comunicadores que vivem ou viveram nas periferias da região metropolitana de São Paulo, essa organização jornalística trabalha com a ideia de quebrar os estereótipos sobre as periferias, ressignificar e criar identificação entre moradores e seus territórios, além de cobrir as lacunas de informação sobre essas regiões. Tudo por meio do bom jornalismo. Neste relato, abordarei a história deste meio jornalístico, do qual sou o atual editor-chefe de jornalismo, e o avanço da comunicação sobre as periferias ao longo desta década, assim como as perspectivas e os próximos passos visando a importância dessa cobertura para a democracia.
Periferia da Periferia: migrantes nordestinos na Favela da Maré em três atos
Authors: Tomaz Maria de Fátima , Barbosa Marialva C.
Published: February 2021

O presente artigo busca analisar como a relação existente entre dois lugares – o Nordeste e a favela - que foram “inventados” historicamente dentro de uma lógica de exclusão, se entrecruzam, não apenas metaforicamente, mas, sobretudo simbólica e discursivamente no seu processo de construção. Para tanto o locus privilegiado do trabalho é o conjunto de favelas da Maré na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, território habitado por migrantes nordestinos desde a sua ocupação até os dias atuais e, portanto, considerado um território duplamente periférico.
O Jornal Boca de Rua e a construção de táticas identitárias na comunicação de grupos minoritários
Authors: Campos Deivison Moacir Cezar de , Musskopf Caroline de Mendonça
Published: February 2021

Este estudo investiga a produção audiovisual para redes sociais do projeto Jornal Boca de Rua, desenvolvida por pessoas em situação ou vivência de rua, no período entre março e outubro de 2018, a partir das lógicas de produção de conteúdo do grupo integrante do projeto. Objetiva-se analisar as formas como esta produção atravessa a construção de identidade e de pertencimento dos integrantes do grupo. Utiliza-se da transmetodologia, que desenvolveu-se a partir de três elementos: o observado; vídeos desenvolvidos entre março e outubro de 2018; o que dizem os pessoas do grupo. Por fim, observou-se a construção e repetição de vínculos e alianças e a utilização de discursos identitários de forma tática com o objetivo de disputar espaços simbólicos, sensibilizar o público e autorepresentar-se.
Educación intercultural: La perspectiva de los pueblos indígenas de Bolivia
Authors: Arispe Valentin
Published: February 2021

La educación intercultural, como concepto polisémico, en su implementación se presta a diferentes propósitos, como al de los pueblos indígenas y a los intereses del Estado.
En el caso boliviano, la educación intercultural fue una demanda y propuesta de los pueblos indígenas y es considerada “instrumento de liberación”, desde ese lugar de enunciación, las organizaciones y pueblos indígenas asumieron un accionar protagónico, constituyéndose, entre otros, en punta de lanza de los procesos de transformación e interculturalización del Estado.
Desde esta perspectiva la educación intercultural, además de plantearse como finalidad la descolonización política, económica y epistémica, amplía sus horizontes hacia las relaciones de respeto, convivencia en equilibrio y armonía con la madre tierra, orientadas a lograr el bien vivir de la población boliviana.
El bien vivir, como un nuevo paradigma de vida, implica de-construir modos de vida basados en individualismo, y mostrar conciencia de vida comunitaria de interdependencia, tanto entre personas, como de ellas con la madre tierra. Ello implica generar escenarios de diálogo intercultural que permita la conformación de sociedades también interculturales. Por tanto, es necesario que la Educación Intercultural Bilingüe se constituya en Política de Estado antes que en política de gobierno.
De pive a pibe chorro. El uso de pibe en el español rioplatense
Authors: Velarde Malena
Published: February 2021

La etimología de la palabra pibe, de uso frecuente en el Río de la Plata, ha sido objeto de controversia: ¿antífrasis española o italinismo jergal? ¿derivación de pevet o de pivetto? Atestiguada por primera vez en el Río de la Plata en 1894 en El idioma del delito por Antonio Dellepiane, la palabra pibe fue incluida en los posteriores diccionarios de lunfardo y en obras literarias que intentaban recrear el habla popular de la primera mitad del siglo XX. La vinculación a esta jerga le atribuye, a su vez, un origen italiano. Corominas refuta esta vinculación y etimología puesto que pibe es un vocablo sin rasgos jergales y de uso general. Sin embargo, la extensión de este término en el habla de la Argentina no es contradictoria con su uso como lunfardismo y su posible etimología del italiano. El análisis de la presencia de pibe tanto en obras lexicográficas como en textos literarios, medios gráficos y canciones permite observar que la tendencia ampliatoria de este término coincide con la pérdida del matiz peyorativo que inicialmente se le atribuía cuando era empleado para designar a jóvenes, a la vez que exhibe su productividad para integrarse, en la actualidad, a la variedad tumbera y para adquirir nuevos usos en el habla coloquial.
An Intrastate Approach to the Withdrawal from International Organizations
Authors: Morais de Sa e Silva Michelle
Published: February 2021

When international organizations take measures that seem to go against the national interests of a Member State, is withdrawal inevitable? What do past cases reveal about how the extreme decision of withdrawal has been contained? This article examines the case of Brazil and the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, which is part of the Organization of American States (OAS). Having received a harsh decision by the Commission, Brazil first threatened to leave OAS, but later mobilized diplomatic strategies to reform its Commission. What happened between a first reaction that considered withdrawal and the final decision to work to reform the system? The article advances the argument that containing international organization withdrawal benefits from the convergence and mutual reinforcement provided by internationally engaged institutions, bureaucrats committed to multilateralism, and a democratic leadership. The case helps to recognize the relevant intrastate variables that play out in the decision-making process that may eventually lead to withdrawal.
Understanding Regime Complexes through a Practice Lens
Authors: Bahr Thurid , Holzscheiter Anna , Pantzerhielm Laura
Published: February 2021

How do regime complexes as social orders affect relations among international organizations (IO s)? This article explores this question by studying the longitudinal development of interorganizational practices and the social meanings attached to these practices that constitute a regime complex. Adopting a practice lens, our analysis redirects scholarly attention from rationalist accounts of strategic interactions between IO s to the study of patterned “doings” among actors in regime complexes. The mixed-methods analysis of interorganizational practices between eight IO s in the global health regime complex shows that cooperation among IO s is not primarily the outcome of rational responses to problems of collective action. Rather, IO s engage in similar types of practices because they want to be considered “good” IO s that follow a repertoire of habitual and appropriate practices. In turn, interorganizational practices create social meanings that constrain IO s. The approach put forward in this paper demonstrates the ordering effect of practices on the global health regime complex.
Ink of Nostalgia: A Review Article of Home is Not Here, Dear China, and Recent Scholarship on China and the Chinese Overseas
Authors: Kuo Huei-Ying
Published: February 2021

This article reviews Wang Gungwu, Home is Not Here (Singapore: National University of Singapore Press, 2018) and Gregor Benton and Hong Liu’s Dear China: Emigrant Letters and Remittances, 1820–1980 (Oakland, CA: University of California Press, 2018) in terms of how they reflect and revisit recent scholarship on China and the Chinese overseas published in English. Adopting different approaches, both books feature family correspondence within Chinese migrant families. This new focus unpacks concepts between ethnicity and language, and between family and homeland in migrants’ identity-making. Beginning from these studies, the article defends “Chinese overseas” as an intellectual concept and as a framework that allows an examination and comparison of the connections between China and its migrants as well as their descendants worldwide. In conclusion, the article argues that diasporas are made up of those who have left home but who miss that home, touching on the concept of nostalgia. Passing down the sense of nostalgia through successive generations via narrating, writing, and verifying, both in Sinophone and other languages, is a way by which Chinese diasporas construct their heritage. The process of retelling, rewriting, and reworking family heritage keeps the idea of home alive, wherever it might be, and whether or not it still exists.
Wage Inequality and Unemployment in the Presence of Imported Intermediate Goods: A Theoretical Analysis
Authors: Dutta Priya Brata , Ghosh Nirjhar
Published: February 2021

This article develops a static three-sector and five-factor competitive general equilibrium model of a small open economy: sector 1 is the rural agricultural sector, which produces products using informal or unorganised unskilled labour and land as inputs; sector 2 is the urban manufacturing, final-goods-producing sector that produces products with the help of unskilled labour, who get unionised wages, and capital; and sector 3 is the service sector, which uses skilled labour with formal wages, capital and sophisticated hi-technology-intensive imported intermediate goods produced abroad as inputs. We show that an exogenous increase in capital inflow or an increase in tariff on imported intermediate input reduces the skilled–unskilled wage inequality and lowers unemployment as long as the return to capital is unaltered and output adjustments absorb the entire shock of the two policies. Such capital inflow increases rural wage and reduces unemployment via the Harris Todaro mechanism but interestingly does not allow the skilled wage to increase. Thus, two critical policy targets can be accommodated at the same time.

JEL Codes: F13, J31, J46
Cratylus’ silence: On the philosophy and methodology of Complex Dynamic Systems Theory in SLA
Authors: Pallotti Gabriele
Published: February 2021

Complex Dynamic Systems Theory (CDST) has received considerable attention over the last decades, inspiring a number of second language acquisition studies. This article examines the research from a critical epistemological point of view, starting from the Greek philosopher Cratylus, who concluded that remaining silent is the only way to be entirely coherent with the idea that everything is complex and dynamic. An alternative to this drastic conclusion may consist in ‘saying without saying too much’, that is, setting some limits to theorizing and empirical inquiry. Problems of description, prediction and generalization in a CDST framework are discussed, pointing to some open issues to be addressed by future research. Finally, some proposals are made for a more constructive research program, which may even involve abandoning the ‘CDST’ label.
Distributed Internet voting architecture: A thin client approach to Internet voting
Authors: Helm Jim E
Published: February 2021

Principles required for secure electronic voting using the Internet are known and published. Although the Internet voting functionalities and technologies are well-defined, none of the existing state-sponsored Internet voting approaches in use incorporate a total Internet-based system approach that includes voter registration, the voting process, and vote counting. The distributed Internet voting architecture concept discussed in this article uses a novel thin client approach to Internet voting. The architecture uses existing technologies and knowledge to create a viable whole system approach to Internet voting. This article describes various aspects and processes necessary to support an integrated approach. The application programming interface software for many of the critical functions was developed in Python and functionality tested. A virtual network, including a cloud-based functionality, was created and used to evaluate the various conceptual aspects of the proposed architecture. This included the concepts associated with programming and accessing smart cards, capturing and saving fingerprint data, structuring virtual private networks using tunneling and Internet Protocol Security, encrypting ballots using asymmetric encryption, using symmetric encryption for secret cookies, thin client interaction, and creating hash functions to be used within a blockchain structure in a Merkle tree architecture. The systems’ primary user targets are individuals remotely located from their home voting precincts and senior citizens who have limited mobility and mostly reside in assisted living facilities. The research supports the contention that a cybersecure Internet voting system that significantly reduces the opportunity for mail-in voter fraud, helps to ensure privacy for the voter, including nonrepudiation, nonattribution, receipt freeness, and vote acknowledgment can be created using existing technology.