bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REVIEW ON PARTICULATE AND FLUID MECHANICAL SYSTEMS: PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS IN FOOD ENGINEERING
Authors: do Nascimento N. N. , Prestes A. A. , Cansian A. B. M
Published: July 2024

Particulate systems play a fundamental role in a wide range of industries, especially food production. Precise control of particle size and distribution is essential to ensure the quality and performance of final products. Likewise, fluid transport is a crucial area of engineering, involving the controlled movement of liquids and gases through pipes and pumping systems. This field encompasses a variety of processes and applications, from water supply systems to complex industrial processes. Agitation and mixing are also fundamental in several industrial sectors, including food and beverage production, as well as chemical and pharmaceutical manufacturing. These processes involve combining different substances to obtain a homogeneous mixture or facilitate chemical reactions. Together, these elements are essential for optimizing production efficiency and product quality across multiple industries.
OS IMPACTOS CAUSADOS PELA ESPÉCIE INVASORA CASUARINA (CASUARINA EQUISETIFOLIA L.) EM RESTINGAS DO BRASIL: UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA
Authors: Queiroz Kaylla Thamysa Soares , Pinheiro Wilson Carlos Gomes , Costa Fernanda Stefany Nunes
Published: July 2024

A Casuarina equisetifolia é uma espécie arbórea exótica de grande porte, pertence à família das Casuarinaceae, é natural da Ásia, de habitat terrestre, sua ocorrência maior é em solos arenosos, salinos e calcários. Suporta elevadas temperaturas e não resiste a geadas, se adaptam bem em áreas de clima tropical e subtropical, devendo ser aproveitada com sucesso na recuperação de solos degradados e no controle de erosão. Com capacidade de modificar a paisagem natural, são ameaças diretas à biodiversidade às comunidades nativas e podem ocasionar possíveis desequilíbrios ecológicos. O objetivo do estudo é analisar publicações entre os anos de 2010 a 2021 sobre esta temática, proporcionando um cenário sobre o estado da arte das pesquisas neste período, excluindo artigos que fogem do conteúdo e de anos anteriores. No Brasil, a casuarina é uma das principais espécies arbóreas invasoras e foram introduzidas ao longo de todo o litoral, principalmente em restinga que é um ecossistema de planície costeira arenosa, as espécies arbóreas exóticas invadem facilmente essas áreas causando impactos ambientais e passam a prover as funções ecológicas antes executadas pelas nativas. A serrapilheira é um fator limitante para a regeneração nas áreas com predominância dessa planta reduzindo a diversidade e modificando os ciclos, as características naturais dos ecossistemas, riqueza e as formas de vida, aumentando o nível de suscetibilidade, alterando a fisionomia da paisagem natural, além de causar prejuízos sociais e econômicos.
FILMES E COBERTURAS DE CARRAGENINA: PROPRIEDADES E APLICAÇÕES NA CONSERVAÇÃO DE ALIMENTOS
Authors: Melchor Fabiola Beatriz Retuerto , Leite Ricardo Henrique da Lima , Aroucha Edna Maria Mendes
Published: July 2024

O uso de materiais biodegradáveis no setor de embalagens de alimentos tornou-se uma prioridade não apenas para reduzir a quantidade de poluição gerada a cada vez que são eliminados os plásticos não biodegradáveis utilizados para cobrir o alimento, mas também para diminuir o desperdício deles que aconteciam desde a saída das fazendas até chegar ao consumidor final. Os biopolímeros são considerados possíveis opções para substituir o plástico, não só por causa de suas propriedades semelhantes, mas também porque são biodegradáveis e permitem preservar o alimento revestido sem alterar suas características. A carragenina é um biopolímero obtido de algas vermelhas que geralmente é usada na indústria alimentícia como parte de formulações de alimentos como emulsificantes e agentes gelificantes, mas poderia ser usada como material de embalagem na forma de filme ou revestimento comestível devido às suas boas propriedades mecânicas e protetoras. O objetivo desta revisão da literatura é compilar informações sobre a carragenina e seu possível uso como filme ou recobrimento comestível para oferecer uma opção natural na indústria de embalagens.
ESTUDANTES COM DEFICIÊNCIA INTELECTUAL NO ENSINO SUPERIOR: DESAFIOS E POSSIBILIDADES
Authors: Pascoal Deise Carla de Brito , Chaves Rafael Soares
Published: July 2024

O presente trabalho discorre sobre o contexto sustentado pelos estudantes com deficiência intelectual ao cursar a educação superior. Temos por objetivo conhecer algumas das dificuldades enfrentadas por esses estudantes, as possíveis causas, e as possibilidades resultantes no empreendimento desses estudantes e da comunidade escolar envolvida. Alguns autores importantes para o arcabouço teórico da pesquisa foram Vygotski, Martinez e as bases legais nacionais no que se diz respeito aos direitos e à inclusão. Utilizamos de uma pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa, revisando a bibliografia disposta acerca do tema. Após leitura e discussão compartilhada sobre os teóricos estudados, concluímos que ainda há muito a ser compreendido a respeito do assunto e principalmente que, todos os estudantes devem ser vistos de acordo com a sua individualidade.
LONGEVIDADE HUMANA, PERSPECTIVAS SOBRE BIOMARCADORES E O GENE IPMK
Authors: Marin G. N. , Sena G. G. S. , Trancozo M. , Errera F. I. V. , De Paula F.
Published: July 2024

A longevidade humana é um fenômeno intrigante influenciado por múltiplos aspectos, entre eles, ambientais, comportamentais e genéticos. Estima-se que a herdabilidade da longevidade, porcentagem da característica atribuída a fatores genéticos, esteja em torno de 20 a 40%. Diversos genes foram estudados quanto à sua influência na longevidade, contudo, poucos se mostraram consistentes em relação a essa associação em diferentes populações. Vários destes estão relacionados a uma via metabólica, geralmente, no metabolismo da glicose, como o gene Forkhead Box O3 (FOXO3), ou no metabolismo lipídico, como Apolipoproteína E (APOE). O gene Inositol Polifosfato Multiquinase (IPMK), contudo, codifica uma proteína versátil com atuação ampla no organismo. Com propriedades catalíticas e não catalíticas, IPMK promove a fosforilação de inositídeos, importantes mediadores celulares que incluem Fosfatos de Inositol (IPs) e Fosfoinositídeos (PIPs), além de participar como coadjuvante em processos celulares como autofagia, síntese proteica, regulação transcricional, entre outros. Em função da diversidade de atuações influenciadas pela proteína IPMK, polimorfismos neste gene são fatores que podem interferir no envelhecimento saudável e no aumento da vida útil do organismo.A longevidade humana é um fenômeno intrigante influenciado por múltiplos aspectos, entre eles, ambientais, comportamentais e genéticos. Estima-se que a herdabilidade da longevidade, porcentagem da característica atribuída a fatores genéticos, esteja em torno de 20 a 40%. Diversos genes foram estudados quanto à sua influência na longevidade, contudo, poucos se mostraram consistentes em relação a essa associação em diferentes populações. Vários destes estão relacionados a uma via metabólica, geralmente, no metabolismo da glicose, como o gene Forkhead Box O3 (FOXO3), ou no metabolismo lipídico, como Apolipoproteína E (APOE). O gene Inositol Polifosfato Multiquinase (IPMK), contudo, codifica uma proteína versátil com atuação ampla no organismo. Com propriedades catalíticas e não catalíticas, IPMK promove a fosforilação de inositídeos, importantes mediadores celulares que incluem Fosfatos de Inositol (IPs) e Fosfoinositídeos (PIPs), além de participar como coadjuvante em processos celulares como autofagia, síntese proteica, regulação transcricional, entre outros. Em função da diversidade de atuações influenciadas pela proteína IPMK, polimorfismos neste gene são fatores que podem interferir no envelhecimento saudável e no aumento da vida útil do organismo.
OS IMPACTOS SOCIOECONÔMICOS GERADOS PELA IMPLANTAÇÃO DE GRANDES SUPERMERCADOS NA CIDADE DE CAPANEMA-PARÁ
Authors: Do Rosario Vanessa Silva , Silva Letícia de Cássia Silva e , Nogueira Ana Karlla Magalhães , Silva Wagner Jhonatan de Azevedo
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os impactos socioeconômicos da implantação de grandes supermercados na cidade de Capanema, estado do Pará, bem como avaliar seu efeito no comércio local. Métodos: Para alcançar este objetivo, foi realizada uma pesquisa aplicada com uma abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa. Foi utilizado um questionário semiestruturado com 15 perguntas abertas e fechadas, aplicado a uma amostra de 67 consumidores locais. Os dados foram coletados em setembro de 2023 através da ferramenta Google Formulários e analisados utilizando estatística descritiva. Resultados: Os resultados revelaram que a maioria dos consumidores percebeu impactos socioeconômicos positivos após a instalação dos grandes supermercados, incluindo a geração de empregos (59%), o acesso a uma maior variedade de produtos (46%) e melhoria na visibilidade da cidade (32%). Além disso, 97% dos entrevistados notaram um aumento na presença de visitantes de outras localidades nos supermercados. Percebeu-se, ainda, que supermercados maiores são vistos pelos consumidores como estabelecimentos que proporcionam maior economia nas compras. Conclusão: A implantação de grandes supermercados em Capanema teve, sobretudo, efeitos positivos, como a geração de empregos e a maior oferta de produtos. Contudo, também foram identificados desafios, como a concorrência com o comércio local. As empresas atacadistas e varejistas estabelecidas em Capanema contribuem para a melhoria da infraestrutura, como estradas e serviços públicos, atraindo investimentos adicionais para a região e gerando uma grande contribuição fiscal.
EDUCAÇÃO INCLUSIVA E O FAZER DOCENTE NA SALA DE AULA REGULAR
Authors: Formiga Maria Martins
Published: July 2024

O presente artigo tem como objetivo sistematizar os princípios da educação especial inclusiva e seu impacto na prática docente, considerando a formação inicial de professores no curso de pedagogia. Para isso, foram utilizados relatos de professores atuantes nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental e uma análise do projeto de formação de professores. A pesquisa foi realizada em uma escola municipal localizada na zona rural da cidade de Monteiro, localizada no estado da Paraíba. A coleta de dados envolveu entrevistas semiestruturadas com professoras regentes e análise documental de um projeto pedagógico do curso de pedagogia de uma universidade pública. As participantes foram quatro professoras, todas com formação predominante em pedagogia. Os dados coletados foram analisados por meio da categorização das respostas e análise de conteúdo. A discussão dos resultados foi fundamentada nos pressupostos teóricos histórico-culturais de Vygotsky (2011) e nos princípios da Política Nacional de Educação Especial na Perspectiva da Educação Inclusiva (2008). Os resultados indicam que tanto o conceito de educação especial inclusiva quanto as práticas pedagógicas inclusivas são percebidos como utópicos. Constatou-se que, apesar das práticas docentes serem baseadas em princípios, legislações e resoluções, elas ainda não garantem a efetiva inclusão proposta pela educação inclusiva.
The predictive role of Interleukin 6 and Procalcitonin associated with bacterial infection causing sepsis in patients with severe burn
Authors:   Department of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq, Flieh Maitham Muhammed , Abdlkareem Rafid A. ,   Department of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Baghdad, Iraq
Published: July 2024

Background. Sepsis is a major contributor to both death and illness on a worldwide scale. Bacteremia characterized by the presence of gram-negative, gram-positive, or mixed growth bacteria has been shown to be associated with a significantly increased risk of septic shock and a bad prognosis. Biomarkers are used to aid in the diagnosis of sepsis and to differentiate between bacterial causes, namely Gram-negative, Gram-positive, and mix growth bacteria. Objectives. This study aimed to evaluate the role of PCT and IL-6 in predicting bacterial infection in burn patients with sepsis due to gram-negative, gram positive and mixed growth bacteria. Methods. Forty-four patients with age (1.5–75 years), and nineteen healthy controls with the same age range, were involved in this study during their attendance to Specialized Burns Hospital in the Medical City, Al-Kindi Teaching Hospital in Baghdad, and Al-Nasiriyah General Hospital in Thi-Qar province. The study was conducted from 1st December 2023 to 1st April 2024 and approved by ethical committees of Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology for Postgraduate Studies/ Baghdad University. Blood samples and data were collected to evaluate the level of PCT and IL-6 associated with bacterial infection for burn patients by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results. 25 (50%) showed growth for Gram-negative, 13 (26%) for Gram-positive and 12 (24%) for mix growth bacteria. Results appeared a significant increase at (P≤0.01) in each of PCT and IL-6 in burn patients to control group according to gender. Patients exhibiting a combination of bacterial growth have notably elevated levels of procalcitonin (PCT). Levels of PCT were significantly elevated in burn patients with mixed growth sepsis compared to patients with Gram-negative and Gram-positive sepsis. However, there were no significant differences in IL-6 levels between burn patients with mix growth sepsis and patients with gram-negative and gram-positive sepsis (P> 0.05). Measuring PCT levels may assist in selecting the appropriate empirical antibiotic treatment. Conclusions. The PCT biomarker demonstrated superior performance in distinguishing between microbial sepsis caused by various kinds of pathogens. This finding has great promise for its use in clinical practice, particularly in burn units.
The Climate Change and Construction Industry: A Battle in 21st Century
Authors: Yilmaz Didem Gunes
Published: July 2024

As we approach completing the first quarter of the 21st century, we experience the development of Industry 4.0 inmany areas. Remarkably, after the mid-2010s, significant changes took place in the operations and production ofmany sectors. However, the construction industry still falls far behind these speed-up changes as “the constructionindustry remains climate-unfriendly*”. Many reports state that the construction industry is responsible for 38% ofannual greenhouse gas emissions globally. As the dominating material, concrete is responsible for 7% of all globalcarbon emissions. Although environmental considerations have become undeniable in the sector and moves such asCarbon Neutrality, Green Deals, Net-zero-buildings, etc., have emerged, the industry still does not show any radicalchange as a response. This paper focuses on the construction industry to understand its role in climate change. Itaims to clarify how the conventional practice in the sector contributes to carbon emissions and energy consumptionfrom the start of production to life cycle assessment. The paper primarily focuses on the cement production andnovelties adopted in order to combat climate change and reviews the approaches to reduce the environmentalimpact of the industry.
Supporting Sustainability of City Coastlines with Multi-Criteria Analysis Approach
Authors: Karafakı Filiz Çetinkaya , Çetin Çiğdem
Published: July 2024

City coastlines are places that enhance the wellbeing of citizens, promote sociality and enhance the city's aesthetic andquality of life due to the variety of activities, visuality and air supplement. It also contributes to urban sustainability with allthese aspects. (The Gonzales et al., 2023) study's multi-criteria analysis approach was applied to evaluate how sustainableurban coastlines are. The study covered two primary aspects of sustainability. These elements include the social activitiesand the environmental features of the coastal districts. With this method, it is aimed to reveal the daily use of the KarşıyakaCoastline and to examine the impact of these activities on the sustainability of there. Through the method, the contributionof city coastlines to the quality of urban life and city sustainability can be revealed with numerical data and it is expectedto guide in the site selection, design and implementation stages of new planning.
Twice-Told Tales - About Love Toward Immortality
Authors: Wang Albertus S. , Kim Sujin
Published: July 2024

Aside from design, adaptive reuse in architecture is underpinned by a complex interplay of aesthetic, historical,environmental, and economic considerations. This paper discusses the rationale behind salvaging old structuresrather than opting for demolition and new builds, examining three key aspects: Firstly, architecture transcends merefunctionality, encompassing history, memory, and ‘human desire’1 to shape the built environment. Old buildingsserve as historical witnesses, embodying2 a narrative that contributes to the cultural richness of their surroundings.Secondly, the sustainability imperative favors the salvage of existing structures over demolition, acknowledging theembodied tangible and intangible resources and energy within them. Finally, the intrinsic value of irreplaceableelements such as traditional construction methods, spatial experiences, and authentic materials underscores theunique character of old buildings. Critical to the success of adaptive reuse projects is meticulous documentation,serving as a vital tool for architects, designers, and preservation experts. But most importantly, adaptive reuse allowsarchitecture to retell historical and contemporary stories multiple times.
Dependência fiscal, ilusão fiscal e dificuldades orçamentárias nos municípios brasileiros: diagnóstico via modelos Logit/Probit
Authors: Salomão Neto Benito Adelmo , Santos Julio Fernando da Costa
Published: July 2024

O artigo avalia o cumprimento do teto para despesas com pessoal da Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal (LRF) nos 5.570 municípios brasileiros entre 1994 e 2017. As estimações a partir de modelos bivariados logit/probit sugerem evidências de que a dependência fiscal dada pelo aumento da participação das transferências correntes conduz à ilusão fiscal nos governos locais e aumenta a probabilidade de os municípios elevarem as despesas com pessoal acima do limite prudencial, o que caracterizaria captura de recursos públicos por setores da burocracia. Estimações adicionais apontam evidências de que a probabilidade de o município descumprir o referido limite é maior em municípios de menor população.
Texto para Discussão 3010
Authors: Piola Sergio Francisco , Vieira Fabiola Sulpino
Published: July 2024

Este texto dá continuidade a estudos anteriores, realizados no Ipea, que analisam o gasto das três instâncias de governo no financiamento do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Tomando-se como base o período 2010-2022, o estudo analisa o comportamento do gasto com ações e serviços públicos de saúde (ASPS) realizado pela União, pelos estados, pelo Distrito Federal (DF) e pelos municípios no financiamento compartilhado do SUS, mostrando os efeitos das medidas de contenção do gasto público (por meio da Emenda Constitucional – EC no 95/2016) e de enfrentamento à pandemia de covid-19 no financiamento público do sistema. Como nos estudos anteriores, este texto mostra a evolução e a distribuição regionalizada dos gastos totais, bem como especifica a evolução dos gastos das diferentes esferas de governo, com destaque para a regionalização dos gastos federais. Além disso, apresenta e discute a emergência, a partir de 2015, da transferência de recursos federais via emendas parlamentares (EPs) de diferentes tipos e discute os problemas decorrentes do crescente volume de recursos envolvidos nessa modalidade de alocação de recursos.
The nexus among digital financial inclusion, monetary policy transmission, and economic development in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Esely Ntebogang , Taonezvi Lovemore
Published: July 2024

This paper aims to examine the complex relationship between digital financial inclusion, monetary policy transmission, and economic development in 18 Sub-Saharan African countries from 2004 to 2021. The study utilizes panel data and employs a digital financial inclusion index, broad money growth, and real gross domestic product per capita as proxies for digital financial inclusion, monetary policy transmission, and economic development, respectively. The panel autoregressive distributed lag model results uncover a bi-directional causality between economic development and digital financial inclusion, emphasizing the pivotal role of digital financial inclusion in fostering economic development. Additionally, another bi-directional causality between digital financial inclusion and monetary policy transmission highlights their interdependence. Unidirectional causality from monetary policy transmission to economic development is also established. This study emphasizes the crucial role of robust measures in enhancing digital financial inclusion to avert adverse consequences, offers nuanced insights into policy dynamics, particularly regarding inflation mitigation, and enhances monetary policy effectiveness. These findings underscore the importance of policy reform, legislation, and regulatory improvements to promote digital financial inclusion by Sub-Saharan African central banks. Strengthening rural financial infrastructure is crucial for driving digital financial inclusion, sustainable economic development, and reducing regional inequalities.
KAMISHIBAI PHBS SEBAGAI METODE STORYTELLING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN KOGNITIF ANAK USIA 5 – 6 TAHUN DI TKIT LUQMANUL HAKIM INSAN MADANI BANDUNG
Authors: Neny Widyana
Published: July 2024

Kemampuan kognitif merupakan salah satu aspek perkembangan anak usia dini yang perlu mendapatkan stimulasi sejak dini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mengetahui penerapan kamishibai sebagai salah satu media yang digunakan dalam storytelling untuk meningkatkan kemampuan kognitif anak usia 5 – 6 tahun. Penelitian ini menggunakan one group pretest-posttest design, mengukur kemampuan kognitif sebelum dan setelah intervensi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 25 siswa usia 5 – 6 tahun di TK Luqmanul Hakim Insan Madani Bandung. Hasil penelitian pada Pretest menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan kognitif anak 57,7 % dengan kriteria Berkembang Sesuai Harapan (BSH). Sedangkan pada Postest menunjukkan kemampuan kognitif anak meningkat menjadi 79,3% dengan kriteria Berkembang Sangat Baik (BSB). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut, maka dapat dikatakan bahwa Metode Storytelling dengan menggunakan Kamishibai dapat meningkatkan kemampuan kognitif anak.
Kata kunci: kamishibai, kemampuan kognitif, storytelling
Materiality and stakeholder engagement in sustainability reporting: does it matter?
Authors: Saraswati Erwin , Rumansyah Muhammad Alif , Dewi Ayu Aryista
Published: July 2024

Materiality analysis and stakeholder engagement are crucial processes in sustainability reports which aim to identify material issues and prioritize them based on stakeholder interests. Subjectivity in the process of determining materiality and stakeholder engagement can affect the quality of sustainability reports because management can determine the information to be published and eliminate negative information related to sustainability. This research aims to investigate the influence of board of directors’ activity, presence of independence commissioners, company financial performance, and size on materiality disclosure and stakeholder engagement in mining companies in Indonesia. Content analysis and multiple regression analysis were carried out on 70 sustainability reports. The research results show that the involvement of the board of directors and the quantity of board members have a positive and significant effect, while the presence of independence commissioners and company size do not have a significant effect on materiality and stakeholder disclosure. It is noteworthy that disclosing materiality in sustainability reports is a crucial aspect of business practices, irrespective of the company’s financial status or size. This research contributes to the disclosure of materiality and stakeholder involvement in the reporting of companies operating in Indonesia from the perspective of stakeholder theory and legitimacy theory.
Trends and evolution of agile branding: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Pöhlmann Michaela , Jambrino-Maldonado Carmen , Heras-Pedrosa Carlos de las , Seitz Jürgen
Published: July 2024

As today’s environment constantly changes, scientific and practical literature suggests that brands must be managed more agilely. Agile branding, characterized by stakeholder involvement, adaptability, and flexibility, emerges as an innovative approach for companies to navigate dynamic markets to ensure that they remain sustainably relevant and competitive. Yet, no bibliometric analysis has been conducted on agility related to branding to date. This paper aims to illustrate and analyze the trends and evolution of agile branding by applying bibliometric methods to the scientific article literature produced between 1996 and 2023. The results of a systematic literature review are presented, and the findings of the bibliometric analysis of 70 publications listed in the Web of Science Core Collection database are evaluated. Furthermore, visualization and interpretation of bibliometric networks related to citations and publications, publication titles, keywords, authorship, and affiliations with the software VOSviewer is included. This bibliometric analysis shows that the number of scientific studies on agility related to branding has increased mainly since 2008, reaching its peak in 2022, indicating a growing research interest. The study reveals that much more research needs to be conducted on how brands can be managed more agilely and dynamically to compete in a fast-moving world.
The Absolute Age of NGC 3201 Derived from Detached Eclipsing Binaries and the Hess Diagram
Authors: Ying Jiaqi (Martin) , Chaboyer Brian , Du Wenxin
Published: July 2024

We estimate the absolute age of the globular cluster NGC 3201 using 10,000 sets of theoretical isochrones constructed through Monte Carlo simulation using the Dartmouth Stellar Evolution Program. These isochrones take into consideration the uncertainty introduced by the choice of stellar evolution parameters. We fit isochrones with three detached eclipsing binaries and obtained an age independent of distance. We also fit isochrones with differential reddening corrected Hubble Space Telescope photometry data utilizing two different Hess diagram-based fitting methods. Results from three different methods analyzing two different types of data agree to within 1σ, and we find the absolute age of NGC 3201 = 11.85 ± 0.74 Gyr. We also perform a variable importance analysis to study the uncertainty contribution from individual parameters, and we find the distance is the dominant source of uncertainty in photometry-based analysis, while total metallicity, helium abundance, α-element abundance, mixing length, and treatment of helium diffusion are an important source of uncertainties for all three methods.
Determination of Surface Abundances for HD 129174 (π
1 Boo)
Authors: Monier Richard
Published: July 2024

The synthesis of the Hg ii line at 3983.93 Å, using published hyperfine structure and nuclear shifts, confirms a large overabundance of mercury in HD 129174, about +6.18 dex, which is actually slightly larger than the excess derived in earlier studies. The synthesis of 17 other lines close to the Hg ii line and in the spectral range 4400–4500 Å yields abundances for 9 elements. Helium and iron are found to be deficient by −1.12 and −0.097 dex. Magnesium, scandium, titanium, chromium are moderately enhanced by respectively +0.30 dex (Mg) and +1.0 dex (Sc, Ti and Cr). Yttrium and zirconium are very overabundant by +4.00, +2.48 dex respectively.
« Guerre » à Gaza et « génocide » : salvatrice froideur du droit dans le débat
Authors: Papaux Alain , Wyler Éric
Published: July 2024

Dans la tourmente des bombes à Gaza et des accusations de propagande diabolisant le frère ennemi israélien ou palestinien, le droit international tente modestement de contenir la violence par les régulations du jus ad bellum et du jus in bello . S'agissant des exactions commises sur le terrain, seul le recours à un tribunal international impartial permettrait de les qualifier juridiquement . En effet, tout génocide supposant une « intention de détruire… un groupe national, ethnique, racial ou religieux (…) », comment, sans l'interprétation d'un juge de bonne foi, déterminer concrètement si Israël ou le Hamas (ou les deux) s'en est rendu coupable ? Encore faudrait-il un consensus pour saisir une juridiction…
The Outer Space Regime of Property Rights through the Lens of the Third World: Towards a Copernican Revolution from Anthropocentrism to Cosmocentrism
Authors: Morland Arthur
Published: July 2024

As the scarcity of resources on Earth becomes more evident, the financial promise of space mining has recently fostered interests among both private and public actors, raising the issue of property rights in outer space. This article considers this subject matter through the prism of Third World Approaches to International Law and aims to uncover the extent to which a logic of domination currently underpins space exploration. It shows that International Space Law has historically served as an experimenting field for legal concepts that challenge the traditional logic of international law. However, conventional power dynamics have regained control, undermining the original equitable potential of the international legal framework governing property in outer space. This is also evidenced by the rhetoric of space exploration, which tacitly implies Western primacy in resource extraction and marginalises the history of the Third World. Against this backdrop, this paper calls for a new legal regime balancing the needs of the Third World with the investment of spacefaring countries and for a redefinition of space sustainability. This would entail a Copernican Revolution regarding our approach to space exploration – shifting from anthropocentrism to cosmocentrism.
Discordances temporelles. Réflexions sur le dialogue de roman au xixe siècle
Authors: Naïm Jérémy
Published: July 2024

Depuis la généralisation de la poétique structuraliste, on a coutume d’analyser le dialogue de roman comme une « scène », c’est-à-dire comme un moment de coïncidence entre le temps des événements et le temps de la narration. Mais ce discours néglige deux choses : d’abord le fait que l’expérience temporelle n’est pas uniforme ; ensuite que l’illusion de coïncidence correspond à un régime historique du dialogue. Au cours de cet article, on s’efforce ainsi de montrer que dans le roman du xix e  siècle, le dialogue représente aussi des formes de discordance temporelle, à mettre en lien avec les expériences modernes de la temporalité.
L’ Établissement hellénistique d’Ikaros-Faïlaka au Koweït
Authors: Gelin Mathilde
Published: July 2024

L’équipe de la mission franco-koweïtienne étudiant la période hellénistique à Faïlaka, a mené sur la forteresse une première phase de travaux de 2011 à 2018, avec les objectifs de compléter l’étude des fortifications, de débuter celle de la circulation interne, de préciser la chronologie du site, et de procéder à la préservation des vestiges mis au jour lors de ses travaux et de ceux de ses prédécesseurs. Nous présentons ici quelques-uns des résultats obtenus, qui sont encore en cours d’exploitation et devraient prochainement être publiés.
Harnessing Renewable Energy for a Sustainable Future
Authors: Mohsin Muhammad , Saqib Shahnawaz
Published: July 2024

Renewable energy sources such as biomass, geothermal, ocean, solar, wind, and hydropower have immense potential to supply energy services globally. The available renewable energy resources are abundant enough to satisfy the current global energy demand multiple times, and maybe even 10 to 100 times this need. In recent years, there has been a significant global transition towards renewable energies to address the urgent issues of climate change and energy sustainability. This chapter examines the importance of renewable energy sources, their ability to transform the worldwide energy scene, and the essential technologies propelling this shift. It covers aspects such as their installed capacity, the number of energy carriers they produced in 2023, the status of market and technology development, their economic and financial viability in 2023 and the foreseeable future, and significant challenges they may encounter regarding sustainability or implementation.
Sustainable Provision of Municipal Services Through Community-Led Initiatives
Authors: Netswera Mpfareleni Mavis
Published: July 2024

This chapter emphases the key role that community-led initiatives play in the absence of sustainable provision of services from the government. Through these initiatives, citizens as individuals or as a formation get involved in the provision of services to improve the quality of their lives. Through secondary data analysis, this chapter examines the prevalence and the role of ratepayers' associations in the sustainable provision of public services in South Africa. The main findings reveal that in the past few years, ratepayers' associations have been holding underperforming municipalities accountable by demanding services due to them. Whereas some took over collapsed municipal services through lawsuits and volunteerism to ensure continues delivery, others managed to address the water pollution dated back to the 1990s when overworked sewage systems were continuously used with little maintenance. The chapter recommends multi-stakeholder partnerships within a municipal area to share knowledge, expertise and support to ensure availability and sustainability of services.
Calcitriol Impairs the Secretion of IL-4 and IL-13 in Th2 Cells via Modulating the VDR-Gata3-Gfi1 Axis
Authors: Biswas Biswajit , Chattopadhyay Shagnik , Hazra Sayantee , Goswami Ritobrata
Published: July 2024

Calcitriol, the bioactive form of vitamin D, exerts its biological functions by binding to its cognate receptor, the vitamin D receptor (VDR). The indicators of the severity of allergies and asthma have been linked to low vitamin D levels. However, the role of calcitriol in regulating IL-4 and IL-13, two cytokines pivotal to allergic inflammation, remained unclear. Our study observed diminished IL-4 and IL-13 secretion in murine and human Th2 cells treated with calcitriol. In murine Th2 cells, Gata3 expression was attenuated by calcitriol. However, the expression of the transcriptional repressor Gfi1, too, was attenuated in the presence of calcitriol. Ectopic expression of either Gfi1 or VDR impaired the secretion of IL-13 in Th2 cells. In murine Th2 cells, VDR interacted with Gata3 but not Gfi1. Gfi1 significantly impaired Il13 promoter activation, which calcitriol failed to restore. Conversely, calcitriol augmented Gfi1 recruitment to the Il13 promoter. Ecr, a conserved region between these two genes, which enhanced the transactivation of Il4 and Il13 promoters, is essential for calcitriol-mediated suppression of both the genes. Calcitriol augmented the recruitment of VDR to the Il13 promoter and Ecr regions. Gata3 recruitment was significantly impaired at the Il13 and Ecr loci in the presence of calcitriol but increased at the Il4 promoter. Furthermore, the recruitment of the histone deacetylase HDAC1 was universally increased at the promoters of Il4, Il13, and Ecr when calcitriol was present. Together, our data clearly elucidate that calcitriol modulates VDR, Gata3, and Gfi1 to suppress IL-4 and IL-13 production in Th2 cells.
C/EBPδ Mediates Immunity to Renal Autoinflammatory Disorders in a Stage-specific Manner
Authors: Dey Ipsita , Li Yang , Taylor Tiffany C , Peroumal Doureradjou , Asada Nariaki , Panzer Ulf , Biswas Partha S , Sterneck Esta , Gaffen Sarah L
Published: July 2024

Kidney disease represents a major medical and economic burden for which improved treatments are urgently needed. Emerging data have implicated Th17 cells and IL-17 signaling in the underlying pathogenesis of autoantibody-induced glomerulonephritis (AGN). However, the downstream transduction pathways mediated by IL-17 in autoimmunity are not well defined. In this article, we show that CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) δ is elevated in kidney biopsies from multiple manifestations of human AGN. C/EBPδ is similarly upregulated in a mouse model of anti-glomerular basement membrane protein–mediated kidney disease, and Cebpd−/− mice were fully refractory to disease. Although C/EBPδ is expressed in a variety of cell types, C/EBPδ was required only in the radioresistant compartment to drive GN pathology. C/EBPδ induced expression of several IL-17–induced kidney injury markers and cytokines implicated in disease, including Il6 and Lcn2. Because mouse AGN models do not progress to fibrosis, we employed a nephrotoxic injury model using aristolochic acid I to assess the contribution of the IL-17–C/EBPδ pathway to renal fibrotic events. Surprisingly, deficiency of either C/EBPδ or the IL-17 receptor caused kidney fibrosis to be enhanced. Thus, C/EBPδ and IL-17 play divergent and apparently stage-specific roles in the pathogenesis of kidney disease.
Segnalazioni faunistiche italiane
Authors: Bassi Graziano
Published: July 2024

641 - Agonopterix orophilella Rymarczyk, Dutheil & Nel, 2013 (Lepidoptera, Depressariidae, Depressariinae)
642 - Elachista corsicana (Tautel & Nel, 2010) (Lepidoptera, Elachistidae, Elachistinae)
643 - Klimeschiopsis maritimaealpina Nel & Varenne, 2011 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae, Gelechiinae)
644 - Eurodachtha pallicornella (Staudinger, 1859) (Lepidoptera, Lecithoceridae, Lecithocerinae)
645 - Phycita diaphana (Staudinger, 1870) (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae, Phycitinae)
646 - Phereoeca lodli Vives, 2001 (Lepidoptera, Tineidae, Tineinae)
647 - Proterospastis merdella (Zeller, 1852) (Lepidoptera, Tineidae, Tineinae)
Health-care Systems around the World: Diversity, Challenges, and Innovations
Authors: Kumbhar Smita Tukaram , Bhatia Manish , Patel Vipul
Published: July 2024

This study aims to explore the diversity of health-care systems globally, identify the challenges they face, and highlight innovative solutions being implemented to overcome these obstacles. By examining health-care models from various countries, the research seeks to understand how different systems can learn from each other to improve patient outcomes, efficiency, and sustainability. A comparative analysis was conducted across health-care systems in multiple countries, including high-income, middle-income, and low-income nations. Data were collected through a review of existing literature, health statistics, and case studies. Key metrics such as accessibility, quality of care, cost-effectiveness, and patient satisfaction were analyzed. In addition, interviews with health-care professionals and policymakers provided insights into the operational dynamics and innovation strategies within these systems. The findings reveal a wide spectrum of health-care models, from publicly funded systems to private insurance-based and mixed models. Common challenges identified include rising health-care costs, unequal access to services, and the burden of noncommunicable diseases. However, innovative practices such as digital health technologies, community-based health care, and integrated care models have shown promise in addressing these issues. The effectiveness of these innovations varied depending on the context of the health-care system in which they were implemented. In conclusion, the diversity of health-care systems worldwide presents both challenges and opportunities for innovation and improvement. While there is no one-size-fits-all solution, the successful strategies identified in this study emphasize the importance of adaptable, patient-centered care models that leverage technology and community resources. Policymakers and health-care providers should foster collaboration and learning across borders to enhance the resilience and efficiency of their health-care systems.
Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea: An Updated Review
Authors: Shah Charmi , Bargale Seema , Lalwani Yash
Published: July 2024

Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent sleep disorder characterized by recurrent upper airway obstruction during sleep, leading to disrupted breathing patterns and intermittent hypoxemia. This review synthesizes current literature on pediatric OSA, covering epidemiology, etiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management. OSA affects 1%–5% of children, with adenotonsillar hypertrophy as a primary cause. The interplay of anatomical and neuromuscular factors contributes to OSA pathophysiology. Clinical manifestations include snoring, witnessed apneas, and daytime sleepiness, although diagnosis can be challenging due to varied symptoms. Diagnostic methods encompass clinical assessment and polysomnography, while management strategies range from adenotonsillectomy to continuous positive airway pressure therapy. Early recognition and intervention are crucial to prevent complications and optimize outcomes in pediatric OSA. Further research is needed to refine diagnostic approaches and enhance treatment efficacy for this significant pediatric health concern.
Black radish root extract alleviates sodium valproate-induced liver damage via inhibiting mitochondrial membrane potential collapse and oxidative stress in mice
Authors: Zarei Mohammad Hadi , Akbulut Sami , Zafari Maryam , Saghaei Elham , Lorigooini Zahra , Khoei Hossein Amini , Khosravi Somaye , Bijad Elham
Published: July 2024

Objective:

To explore the effect of black radish (Raphanus sativus L. var niger) root extract on liver enzymes, oxidative stress, and histopathological alterations in mice with sodium valproate-induced hepatotoxicity.

Methods:

Thirty-two mice were divided into four groups: the control group received drinking water by gavage, the second group was administered with 100 mg/kg of sodium valproate, the third group received 300 mg/kg of black radish root extract, and the fourth group was given both sodium valproate (100 mg/kg) and black radish root extract (300 mg/kg). After 28 days, the mice were euthanized, and serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), along with liver malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial parameters, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) gene expression, and histopathological changes were assessed.

Results:

Sodium valproate caused hepatic damage in mice, characterized by elevated serum levels of liver enzymes, increased MDA and ROS levels and TNF-α gene expression, as well as histopathological alterations. The black radish root extract significantly alleviated sodium valproate-caused hepatic injury by decreasing the serum levels of ALT and AST, MDA, ROS, TNF-α gene expression, as well as mitochondrial impairment, but did not have a significant effect on sodium valproate-induced histopathological changes.

Conclusions:

The black radish root extract demonstrates protective effects against sodium valproate-induced liver injury, possibly through mitigating oxidative stress, mitochondrial impairment, and inflammatory mediator expression.
Statin-Induced Rhabdomyolysis: A Rare Case
Authors: Pamidimukkala Vijaya , Marupudi Chaitanya Siva , Bolimera Venkata Sudheer , Behera Usha Kiran , Yakkala Viswa Jyothi , Gangasani Sirichandana , Polavarapu Naren
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Statins are a group of lipid-lowering agents currently used as mainstay agents in the primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular heart disease. Rhabdomyolysis is one of the rare adverse effects of statin therapy, the incidence of which increases in the presence of risk factors. We report a rare case of statin-induced rhabdomyolysis presenting with acute kidney injury (AKI) requiring dialysis in the absence of risk factors. A 58-year-old diabetic and hypertensive female presented with pain and weakness of lower limbs, difficulty in walking, shortness of breath, and decreased urine output. She was receiving statin therapy for the past 1 week. Her blood investigations showed elevated creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and renal parameters. Electromyography and magnetic resonance imaging of thigh and calf muscles were suggestive of myositis. Statin was withdrawn and hemodialysis was done. The patient recovered gradually with no residual deficit. Statin-induced rhabdomyolysis is a rare but serious adverse effect requiring timely management. CPK levels along with thorough history and physical examination are useful to establish the diagnosis. Treatment is hydration and supportive therapy when diagnosed early. Hemodialysis is required in severe cases with AKI.
Association of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase A1298C mutation with normal homocysteine level: A rare cause of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in an infant
Authors: Sahoo Bandya , Das Palash , Mishra Reshmi
Published: July 2024

Inherited causes of cavernous venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) leading to stroke in infancy are rare. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene mutation is one such cause. Polymorphism of MTHFR, an essential enzyme in Vitamin B12 metabolism, leads to an increase in homocysteine levels. This is a prothrombotic state and, therefore, causes pediatric stroke. Children with a mutation of the MTHFR gene have elevated homocysteine levels. The index case of MTHFR polymorphism with CVST leading to stoke had a normal homocysteine level. The association of MTHFR A1298C mutation with CVST can be confirmed only after further studies, as the role of heterozygous A1298C mutation in prothrombotic state is conflicting.
Improvement in Glycemic Indices and Point in Range by Addition or Switch to IDegAsp–Real-World Evidence
Authors: Seshadri Krishna G. , Polisetti Subhadra , Tippisetty Surekha
Published: July 2024

Aim and Objectives:

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of insulin degludec/insulin aspart (IDegAsp) in uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in clinical practice settings.

Materials and Methods:

This study includes a retrospective analysis of uncontrolled T2DM patients on oral antidiabetic drugs and/or insulin (basal, bolus, or premix) and initiated on IDegAsp and in a subgroup of patients who switched from insulin glargine to IDegAsp. Clinical endpoints were mean change in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), postprandial plasma glucose (PPG), and % point in range (PIR) before and after treatment with IDegAsp. Descriptive statistics were applied to analyze the data, and statistical significance was set at P ≤ 0.05.

Results:

A total of 540 patients with T2DM were initiated on IDegAsp, among which 85 switched from insulin glargine (U100/300) to IDegAsp. In 6 months, overall, the mean change in glycemic variables HbA1c, FPG, and PPG was –0.3%, –21 mg/dL, and –36 mg/dL, and among those who switched from insulin glargine to IDegAsp, it was –0.4%, –18 mg/dL, and –49 mg/dL, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Self-monitored blood glucose, 1 month before and from 4 to 6 months after initiation of IDegAsp was assessed in overall 43 patients. The % PIR before breakfast and before dinner (BBF+BD) was 68% and 69% (95% CI –4.413 to 4.902) respectively. Furthermore, among those who switched from insulin glargine to IDegAsp (n = 25), BBF + BD increased from 67% to 77% (95% CI –10.35 to 10.65).

Conclusion:

Our results show clinically significant improvements in glycemic variables and PIR in patients treated with IDegAsp and especially in patients who switched from insulin glargine (U100/300) to IDegAsp.