bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the knowledge and attitudes of nurses and social caregivers in relation to falls among elderly patients in healthcare settings in a Hungarian county
Authors: Boros E. , Balogh Z.
Published: July 2024

Purpose

The aim of this descriptive study was to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of nurses and social caregivers in relation to falls among elderly patients.

Materials/Methods

A total of 442 nurses and social caregivers working in acute or chronic care settings participated in our study. Data were gathered on the participants' general characteristics, the characteristics of their workplace, and their levels of knowledge in relation to risk factors and types of falls. Our questionnaire also included a survey of attitudes towards fall prevention. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS software.

Results

Our results showed a significant correlation between the participants' level of knowledge and age, level of professional education, workplace localisation, form and type of care, risk evaluation scale score, and the existence of a healthcare protocol at the workplace. Participants demonstrated a positive attitude towards fall prevention: the mean value for attitude was 48.03 out of 65 points. Participants who experienced a lower number of falls among elderly patients at their workplace demonstrated a significantly more positive attitude to prevention compared to those experiencing falls more frequently.

Conclusions

In our professional opinion, trainings focusing on fall prevention are required. In addition to knowledge transfer, these should emphasise the formation of attitudes, especially in the context of chronic healthcare, among professionals working in institutions in smaller towns.
Feasts of Raw Meat
Authors: Harris Russell
Published: July 2024

Russell Harris is a free-lance translator currently living in Amsterdam. He also works under the auspices of the Lafayette Project and it was while cataloguing a group of photographs of Ras Makonnen for the Victoria and Albert Museum that he happened upon the early reports of Abyssinian culinary habits which had horrified readers in the past. He decided to investigate these, and here exposes some misconceptions which in his view flawed the reports and exaggerated the barbaric aspects of the practices.
El papel del agrupamiento escolar en las desigualdades educativas intrarregionales. Una extensión del «Propensity Score Matching» al análisis regional
Authors: Blanco-Varela Bruno , Amoedo José-Manuel
Published: July 2024

España presenta desigualdades relevantes en el rendimiento académico, que derivan de un contexto socioeconómico diverso y de políticas regionales heterogéneas. Este estudio analiza cómo el agrupamiento escolar por rendimiento afecta a las desigualdades educativas intrarregionales. Para ello se introduce un uso alternativo del Propensity Score Matching que permite analizar si la implementación de esta política incrementa la desigualdad educativa en la región y si una mayor presencia implica un mayor incremento de las desigualdades. Los resultados señalan que esta política incrementa la desigualdad entre los estudiantes afectados por ella y que su mayor presencia conduce a un mayor incremento de la desigualdad educativa, especialmente en las regiones con un uso elevado del agrupamiento escolar.
Social Media Usage Among University Students of Mathematics Education in Zambia: A Qualitative Analysis Approach
Authors: Mulenga Eddie M. , Marbán José M.
Published: July 2024

This article is the second and final part of the twin papers entitled “Social Media Usage Among University Students of Mathematics Education in Zambia”. The background of this study is anchored on the fact that the implementation and integration of social media technologies
particularly in the learning and teaching of Mathematics has remained one of the huge challenges facing most colleges and universities in Zambia. This situation has been worsened by a number of factors at play which include the following: lack of digital devices, uncoordinated implementation
of the social media policy, high cost of data bundles, difficulties in accessing the internet, lack of mobile technological skills, and problems that borders on students’, lecturers’ and policy markers’ attitudes. This final paper therefore argues that an appraisal on the
design, implementation and integration of social media platforms particularly in the pedagogy of Mathematics among university students is not only relevant but also an issue that should be treated with the sense of urgency especially now that the country is battling with the detrimental effects
of the pandemic. In light of the challenges above, this study sought to explore the extent to which social media are being integrated and used in the Zambian educational system by looking at the case of the Copperbelt University (CBU). In achieving this task, this study employed a narrative
research design which adopted an interpretivism paradigm. Coding and thematic analysis were employed to analyze qualitative data. Qualitative content analysis techniques were performed over the data collected from 33 participants by means of a semi-structured qualitative survey questionnaire.
The established criteria ensured that respondents had already participated in the first survey which was quantitatively conducted in the first paper. Moreover, content analysis results seem to suggest that majority of the students advocate for the official usage of social media technologies
in the teaching and learning of mathematics both at the university and secondary school level.
Revisiting Geometrical Preservation Properties Using Proof Without Words and Interactive Technology
Authors: Stupel Moshe , Pinto Osnat , Jahangiri Jay
Published: July 2024

The complexity of the art of teaching and learning, especially in the field of mathematics, calls for a broader approach than the traditional status quote. Proof without words in geometry coupled with the dynamic and interactive GeoGebra applet have the capacity to be used in all
levels of mathematics education from grade schools to higher education. It is the aim of this article to present a few open-ended geometrical problems where proofs without words and dynamic interactive GeoGebra applets can be used in mathematics education.
Identifying the Argumentations and the Mathematical Theorems of a Geometric Task
Authors: Stupel Moshe , Fraivert David
Published: July 2024

A task is presented to demonstrate the process of understanding the argumentations and the proof for a task, by looking on a figure and its mathematical expressions, without any verbal text.
Bone Skates from an Early Stage of the Alan Culture Burial of the North Caucasus
Authors: Kadzaeva Zalina ,   Institute of History and Archeology of the Republic of North Ossetia – Alania, Malashev Vladimir ,   Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2024

The article publishes a mortuary complex of the late 3rd – early 4th centuries AD of the early stage of the North Caucasian Alan culture from kurgan 23 of the Oktyabrskiy I burial field in the Republic of North Ossetia –Alania, which contained a pair of bone skates. Bone skates have been known from written iconographic and ethnographic sources since the 12th century until the first half of the 20th century; however, the attribution of these items as skates raises doubts among a number of researchers, most likely due to the fact that almost all such artifacts, along with other similar bone items (tools), were found in the material remains of settlement sites. The researchers’ doubts resulted in a discussion, the main aspects of which are specified in the paper. The skates being published are made from the hind metapodia of the right legs of two domestic horses. Each of the artifacts has two holes for strings to attach the skates to the shoes. The skates are part of the grave goods of a young man or a youth, along with other leisure items (astragals) of young people. Finds of bone skates in burials are few in number, and, apart from the North Caucasian finds, there are only four Viking Age complexes in Swedish burial grounds. Bone skates were not a regular part of grave goods for centuries among any of the peoples, as evidenced by the insignificant number of burials with skates. Most researchers are convinced that bone skates were mainly used for entertainment by children, teenagers, and young people, which, in our opinion, is consistent with the material remains from kurgan 23 of the Oktyabrskiy I burial field. The grave goods also included a set of astragals (48 examples) associated with leisure items.
A Morphometric Study of the 11th – 18th Centuries AD Cranial Series from Russian Cities
Authors: Rasskazova Anna ,   Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Evteev Andrey , Tarasova Anna ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University,   Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2024

Anthropological features of the Russian city population in the 11th – 18th centuries were studied using classical methods of craniometry as well as cranio- and osteoscopy. However, the method of geometric morphometry, which has been actively used since the 1990s and is a recent morphometric tool, has not yet been applied to Russian urban craniological series. We obtained and analyzed by the GM method three-dimensional copies of 225 skulls from thirteen series of the Middle Ages and the Early Modern period from the excavations of the Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Despite the small number of studied samples from Tver and Torzhok, we were able to trace their features and originality relative to other comparable groups and among themselves. Based on historical information, these variations can be explained by political factors. The differences between the political systems of Ancient Rus’ and Russia in the Early Modern period also explain the greater morphological homogeneity of the urban population in the 15th – 18th centuries compared to the 11th –13th centuries. The study of variability in the late urban series and comparison of diachronic samples from Yaroslavl and Pereslavl-Zalessky showed morphological similarity between the inhabitants of the Middle Ages and the Early Modern period, which may indicate the constancy of administrative, trade, and economic ties, as well as the significant contribution of the local rural population to the formation of the anthropological appearance of the townspeople. The revealed greater variability in the female samples compared to the male ones may indicate significant irregularities in the facial skeleton shape of women, which cannot be disclosed using classical craniology data. In general, the obtained results not only confirm many of the conclusions of previous craniological studies of the urban population from Eastern Europe but also make it possible to obtain new data on the degree of homogeneity of the townspeople’s anthropological appearance in the Middle Ages and Early Modern periods.
Newly Discovered Sarmatian Burial Complexes from the Kurgan in the Caucasian Mineral Waters Region
Authors: Berezin Yakov ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kalmykov Aleksei ,   Independent Researcher
Published: July 2024

In 2010, the expedition of the Nasledie State Unitary Enterprise (Stavropol) conducted archaeological excavations on the territory of the Caucasian Mineral Waters and excavated the kurgan 1 of the Voniuchka-1 kurgan cemetery near the city of Pyatigorsk. The kurgan originated in the Eneolithic era; its construction and use as a cemetery continued up to the Early and Middle Bronze Ages. The most extensive changes in the kurgan are associated with the North Caucasian archaeological culture. The Sarmatian burials of the early Iron Age became the final ones in the kurgan; this study is devoted to their material publication and analysis. Single burials and grave goods (probably the remains of a funeral feast) were compactly located in the central part of the kurgan. The burial rite and the inventory are described in detail and examined in the system of both chronologically close Sarmatian newcomers and Pre-Caucasus aboriginal monuments. In general, the funeral rite of the published burials is quite uniform and corresponds to the canons of the pre-Caucasian Sarmatian kurgans. The burials and the cluster are chronologically close to each other, and the inventory found in them has numerous analogies among the synchronous sites of the Pre-Caucasus. At the same time, some details of the funeral rite, in particular the discovery of three left front legs of sheep in two burials, together with a number of other facts, indicate a kinship relationship between the buried. The Sarmatian burials in kurgan 1 of the Voniuchka-1 cemetery can be considered a small ancestral cemetery created, most likely, during the lifetime of one generation. The general dating of the burials and the accompanying funeral feast fits into the framework of the 3rd (possibly 2nd) – 1st centuries BC. There is a high probability of their connection with the Sirak tribal union, and this cemetery is located on the southern border of the territory occupied by it.
Ceramics of the Old Bering Sea Culture from the Kozhevnikov Cliff Site (Cape Schmidt): Features of Pottery Technology
Authors: Selin Dmitry ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lebedintsev Alexander , Grebenyuk Pavel , Fedorchenko Alexander ,   North-East Interdisciplinary Scientific Research Institute named after N.A. Shilo, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,   North-East Interdisciplinary Scientific Research Institute named after N.A. Shilo, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2024

During the excavations of a dugout at the Kozhevnikov Cliff site (Cape Schmidt), N.N. Dikov obtained a collection of pottery vessels of the Old Bering Sea culture (fourteen specimens). The technology of ceramic production was analyzed using the methodology developed by A.A. Bobrinsky. It was determined that potters selected iron-rich clays of two subtypes, differing in the amount of natural sand content, for pottery production. Five recipes for the molding clay were identified, including three unmixed: 1) clay + sand (7 specimens); 2) clay + wool (3 specimens); 3) clay + organic solution (2 specimens); and two mixed – 4) clay + sand + organic solution (1 specimen); and 5) clay + sand + wool (1 specimen). The vessels were made in a base form, and the shape was additionally formed by paddling. On the outer surface of one artifact, a strap handle with an ear for threading a cord was made, and the remaining hole on the inside was patched with a cloth scrap. The surfaces of the vessels were treated by mechanical smoothing with a hard-smooth tool and/or fingers. Firing took place at temperatures above clay calcination and could be done in bonfires or hearths. The heterogeneity of pottery traditions was found among the population living in the dugout. The two identified two-component recipes for molding clay were formed as a result of mixing the adaptive pottery skills of bearers of different traditions of making unmixed recipes for molding clay. This indicates the beginning of cultural integration processes among bearers of different pottery skills that began to occur under the dominance of the tradition of using low-sanded clay of the first subtype and artificial sand addition in a 1 : 1 concentration.
IMPROVING THE INTERACTION OF THE TYPES OF TRUCK TRANSPORTATION AT THE "NIBULON" TERMINAL IN KREMENCHUTS WHEN TRANSPORTING GRAIN LOADS
Authors: MOROZ M. , ZAHORIANSKYI V. , HAIKOVA T. , SOLOSHYCH I. , ZAHORIANSKYI O.
Published: July 2024

Purpose. Russia's full-scale military aggression against Ukraine significantly disrupted logistics chains, including those that ensured the export of grain. The classic transportation system at “Niboulon” terminals is focused on transshipment of grain from road to river transport with subsequent transportation to foreign countries by “river-sea” vessels. To ensure the full operation of grain terminals after disruption of water transport in the water area of the Dnipro River, it is advisable to conduct a study on the shipment of grain products to alternative modes of transport (road, rail). Accordingly, the purpose of the research is to improve the interaction of types of freight transport at the Kremenchug terminal “Nibullon” in today's conditions when the work of water transport is blocked. The classic operation scheme of the "Nibulon" grain terminal was analyzed. Scientific methods and a method of improving the interaction of different types of transport in the terminal during grain transshipment are substantiated, the determination of the optimal mass of products transferred from the terminal to the main transport is proposed. Methods. An analysis of literary sources was carried out, which made it possible to establish the peculiarities of grain transportation. Methods of set theory, theory of algorithms, theory of transport processes and systems, theory of systems are used. It was established that the optimal mass of products transferred from the terminal to the main transport depends on the average daily number of cars, the gross weight of the car, the traction characteristics of the shunting locomotive and the distance between the terminal and the sorting station of the main transport. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty obtained as a result of the research to which the article is devoted is the method of determining the average daily number of vehicles (cars, wagons, ships) arriving at the Kremenchug terminal "Nibulon", which depends on the average annual cargo turnover for each mode of transport, the weight of the cargo in the vehicle and the number of working days per year of each type. Practical significance. The mathematical expectation of the optimal mass of grain products transferred from the terminal to the main railway transport is established. In further research, the obtained results will be used as initial data for modeling the operation of grain terminals located along the Dnipro riverbed, and in the future - in the direction of the Black Sea ports of Ukraine.
TRACK CIRCUITS INTERFERENCE RESISTANCE INCREASE UNDER THE TRACTION CURRENT INFLUENCE
Authors: ZHURAVLOV A. , SABLIN O. , SHCHEKA V. , YASHCHUK K.
Published: July 2024

Purpose. The aim of the work is to increase the electromagnetic compatibility of track circuits with the traction power supply system of railways under the influence of reverse traction current disturbances. Conducting research and analysis of the causes of malfunctions of rail circuits on electrified sections of the railway, existing means and methods of increasing the interference resistance of track circuits and ensuring the electromagnetic compatibility of signaling, centralization and blocking devices with the traction power supply system, and the development of effective technical solutions for normalizing the operation and rail circuits in the conditions influence of traction current interference. Conducting a study of the electromagnetic characteristics of the DT-1-150 track choke-transformer in normal mode and under the influence of external factors on the magnetic system. Methods. During the research, methods of comparative analysis, theories of electric and magnetic circuits, methods of spectral analysis of signals, as well as mathematical, schematic and physical modeling were used. Findings. Situations in which the traction current significantly affects the operation of the rail wheel equipment have been analyzed in the work. The effect of the traction current constant component on the normal operation mode of the track circuits is considered. The coefficients value of the choke-transformer DT-1-150 with traction current asymmetry was determined. A comparative analysis of resistance to reverse traction current disturbances of track receivers of station rail wheels used at the docking station was conducted. The principle-structural scheme of the protective unit for blocking the leakage of direct traction current interference on the section of alternating current traction was developed. The scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of the work consists in identifying and justifying the causes of some specific failures of track circuit; in confirming the integral effect of choke-transformer steel core saturation, created by the constant component of the traction current in the railway power supply system. Practical significance. Based on the conducted research, the interference resistance of the 25 Hz track circuit with the DSSH-16 track relay and DT-06-500S was confirmed. A protective valve block was developed, which prevents the flow of the first periods of the largest amplitude transient current in the track circuit its protects and ensures, thereby, normal operation of track circuit.
Routing Utility Transit Infrastructure: A Social Welfare Theory Approach
Authors: Smirnov Oleg O. ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Sivaev Sergey B. ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics
Published: July 2024

The construction of real estate for a wide range of purposes necessitates the creation of new infrastructure. This paper shows that the existing methodology for paying for connection to water supply and sanitation systems contains a significant drawback in the form of the creation of many overlapping networks instead of the construction of one common transit network. This approach leads to welfare losses for both society and developers. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the ineffectiveness of the network routing approach, which is used in the methodology of payment for connection to water supply and sewerage systems from the standpoint of the theory of social welfare. The scientific hypothesis is that the creation of a large-diameter transit network in the future turns out to be less expensive than many separate sections of distribution networks of smaller diameter. In order to prove this point, the cost of construction and maintenance of networks is estimated in these two approaches, for which 118 tariff decisions for 85 regional capitals were analyzed. The data for the assessment is taken as the average of connection tariffs per unit length of a network of the corresponding diameter for 2022. Additionally, the potential for increasing the efficiency of land use in each of the two approaches was assessed. According to the results of the study, it was demonstrated that a fee from the developer, which involves the creation of common transit networks, is more preferable for all participants in the connection. This means that the sum total of costs within the local optimum will be higher than in the case of one global optimum for the territory as a whole, that is, the second case can be called the most subordinate to public interests. The theoretical significance of the work carried out lies in the graphic justification of the need to apply fees from developers when developing infrastructure. The practical significance of the work lies in the substantiation of the construction of a morphologically correct structure of the network economy.
THE ELECTRONIC CONTRACT - A MODERN VERSION OF THE CLASSIC CONTRACT
Authors: Florian Radu Gheorghe
Published: July 2024

The electronic contract is assimilated to the classic contract from the point of view of its validity and the effects produced, being legally qualified as a distance contract, but there is an additional condition regarding the veracity of the existence of this type of contract, namely the electronic signature.
THE INTERSECTION BETWEEN RULE OF LAW AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors: Minghirași Dragoș-Marius
Published: July 2024

Like every innovation in history, A rtificial I ntelligence also needs to begoverned for its disruptive power and impact on people, economy, society, rights andfreedoms. Its impact does not only concern innovative areas but permeates all corners of ourpersonal, social, economic and professional lives. A rtificia l intelligence has become a centralcomponent of our daily lives in many ways , so the perspectives are both for the positiveresults they can bring to humanity and concerns for their disruptive potential. It bringsstructural changes that are captured by l egal norms, but which sometimes go beyond theexisting legal framework by transforming it. To this global revolution the law response mustprovide an equally innovative approach in order to ensure that complex technology does notundermine the rule of law.
HALF A CENTURY OF PRESIDENTIALISM IN ROMANIA
Authors: Bogdan Adrian Ionuț
Published: July 2024

This academic paper delves into the intricate evolution of Romanian presidentialism from 1974 to 2024, exploring ethical, philosophical, political, and historical dimensions. Drawing from thinkers like Locke and Hegel, it emphasizes the delicate balance between power and ethical responsibility in a democratic society. Ceaușescu's era marked the introduction of the presidency, concentrating power in a quasi-monarchical fashion, lacking checks and balances. The post-communist transition witnessed legal delimitation and depoliticization. Băsescu's presidency brought direct involvement, while Iohannis's displayed initially reserved and yet after increased participation. The study underscores the complex interplay between power, ethics, and constitutional evolution, providing valuable insights for Romania's political system future.
EDUCATION AND PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF PUBLIC SERVANTS IN THE AGE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors: Rostaș Samuela
Published: July 2024

Society is evolving in an era of speed, where the population is eager for knowledge, especially technology, everything that means digitization and especially artificial intelligence. In the context where E-governance has gained momentum, and the use of artificial intelligence in carrying out usual activities is becoming a common aspect, the public services provided by authorities and public institutions must be correlated to meet the needs of society, citizens and the business environment .Considering these aspects, through this paper we propose to explore the need for education on certain topics, the professional training of public servants, but also the particular importance of an effective human resources management.Adapting the administrative system and public development policies to the global changes taking place and to European standards is vital for national well-being. Implicitly, the professional training of public servants, in order to perfect or acquire the necessary capacity and skills, is imperative.
CRIMINAL SANCTION OF THE LEGAL PERSON
Authors: Dornauer Reinhardt-Andrew
Published: July 2024

The criminal liability of the legal person is not a new institution in terms of criminal law, being a necessity of the current times in which legal persons are more and more involved in criminal resolution. Many times, natural persons resort to the moral side of individuals to commit illegal acts or give birth to legal persons aiming to avoid criminal liability through them, by interposing the legal person to the completed act. Thus, the criminal activity of the legal person represents the specific actions of one or more natural persons.
THE CONCEPT, CONDITIONS AND FORMS OF GUILT
Authors: Marian Oana-Maria
Published: July 2024

In the legal context, intention represents the mental state of the perpetratorat the time of committing an act and can be classified into several forms. Direct intentioninvolves actions with an explicit purpose, while indirect intention involves anticipatingconsequences and eventual intention involves accepting the risk of an undesirable outcome. Aspecific form, outdated intent, occurs when the perpetrator sets out for an outcome, but theconsequences significantly exceed initial expectations. These concepts are fundamental inassessing legal responsibility and the degree of guilt within the legal system.
‘Always try to welcome people into the home of your story’. Forms of hospitality in Ali Smith’s Seasonal Quartet
Authors: Andeweg Agnes , Janković Dušan
Published: July 2024

This article analyses how hospitality emerges as a key issue in the four novels of Ali Smith’s Seasonal Quartet (2016-2020), on different levels: thematically, linguistically, narratively and readerly. Firstly, hospitality is a recurring theme, as an act performed or not by institutions or individuals. Secondly, hospitality is present as a topic explicitly reflected upon as a linguistic act, an act of bridging different meanings and opening up the language. A third form in which hospitality emerges in the Seasonal Quartet is as a narrative practice, both through marked interventions of the narrator and through the open narrative structure. By constantly juxtaposing different texts and lives, Smith allows for very different voices to be heard. The reader is invited to actively make these voices resonate with one another, a process we would call training a fourth form of hospitality: readerly hospitality. Informed by notions of hospitality as theorized by Jacques Derrida and Emmanuel Levinas, but especially Paul Ricœur and Derek Attridge, in this article we analyse how Smith’s seasonal novels thematize, stage and perform hospitality, as well as reflect on it. We conclude that Smith endows the reader with the ethical responsibility to be hospitable: a responsibility to engage with and open up to the stories of others.
'Belief Rather Than a Memory': The Relationship Between Gender and Trauma in Margaret Atwood's Oryx and Crake
Authors: Franks Nadia-Terese Laguna
Published: July 2024

Much of the scholarship surrounding Margaret Atwood’s Oryx and Crake discusses trauma and gender, with emphasis on ecocritical interpretation. It is rarely discussed as a 9/11 novel, although Sutherland and Swan assert that it can indeed be read as a 9/11 text, and deal with trauma briefly amid an assortment of post-9/11 'worries.' I seek to enter the discourse addressing trauma and its cultural relationship to gender as specific causal and effectual grounds in the post-9/11 social clime. I argue that Atwood depicts the gender binary as an empty talisman ('a belief rather than a memory') used by a society in crisis to self-soothe. In this way, Oryx and Crake can be situated in relation to Susan Faludi’s understanding of the aftermath of 9/11 as part of the backlash to second-wave feminism. 
Oryx and Crake can be viewed as a version of the bleak future Atwood has been imagining since The Handmaid’s Tale, with capitalism instead of Christianity as the driving force and the endemic sexism portrayed more subtly. Specifically, I explore how the novel is a combination of Orwell-style government oppression and Huxley-style consumerist numbing (Kroon), concentrating on how gender interplays these dynamics. The post-apocalyptic hellscape gives the protagonist narrator a chance to reevaluate these ideals as relative and ridiculous. This relativity—asking the question: ‘what would society be like without gatekeepers, where critical thinking was the only way to function and survive?’—is the jumping-off point for a post-truth literature to emerge.
The impacts of workplace harassment on cabin crew burnout and post-traumatic embitterment disorder (PTED) in the airline industry
Authors: Lee Ji-Yoon ,   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea
Published: July 2024

Cabin crews work in high-stress and high-pressure environments, yet the issue of workplace harassment they face has not been adequately addressed. Workplace harassment causes psychological distress and anxiety, which not only undermine cabin crews' job satisfaction and productivity but also compromise the safety and well-being of both cabin crews and passengers. However, the majority of existing studies on workplace harassment have primarily adopted an organizational perspective, thereby neglecting the individual experiences of cabin crews. This study seeks to address this gap by examining the structural relationships between workplace harassment and its effects on burnout and post-traumatic embitterment disorder (PTED) among cabin crews in both full-service and low-cost carriers in Korea. Survey data were collected from 399 respondents. The results indicate that workplace harassment significantly exacerbates the emotional exhaustion and depersonalization dimensions of burnout, although it does not significantly reduce personal accomplishment. Moreover, both workplace harassment and burnout substantially contribute to PTED, with an average PTED score among participants being 1.746, which indicates a significant level of long-term embitterment. These findings provide foundational data needed in developing intervention programs to enhance the mental health and quality of life of cabin crews and in creating healthier work environments at the corporate level, considering organizational dynamics and service performance.
The Proportion of Global South Scholarship in Elite International Law Publications
Authors: Manley Stewart
Published: July 2024

This article examines the representation of Global South academics in elite international law publications. It first discusses the increasing pressure for Global South legal scholars to publish in a remarkably narrow range of journals and with renowned ‘international’ book publishers, and the daunting challenges in getting work accepted. Then, the article presents evidence on authorship and, for books, editorship, from international law journals indexed in Clarivate Analytics’ Web of Science and edited international law books published by Cambridge University Press and Oxford University Press. The evidence shows that both authorship and editorship are dominated by scholars from the Global North, especially the UK and the US. This may surprise no one but the difference between Global North and Global South representation is striking and should act as a wake-up call to publishers, editors, authors and institutional leaders.
Arminius Rex: On the Postcolonial Uses of Imperial Languages in, and beyond, International Law
Authors: Quiroga-Villamarín Daniel R.
Published: July 2024

Despite its aspirational name, our discipline has slowly come to understand that ‘international’ law is anything but international. Increasingly, new waves of scholarship have dissected the famous image of the ‘invisible college’, revealing many of its implicit biases and hierarchies in terms of gender, race, or nationality. A promising example of this is the recent surge of interventions that question international law’s Anglo- or Franco-centric past, present, and future. This rising chorus of voices challenge the relevance of French or highlight the violence involved in making English a global lingua franca. While one can sympathise with this critique from a postcolonial perspective, I have grown increasingly wary that some of these contributions end up pleading for an essentialist understanding of local languages in their quest to undermine imperial tongues. Instead, in this essay, I draw from the Germano-Roman mythical figure of Arminius to reflect on the postcolonial uses of imperial languages. Instead of reclaiming the vernacular, I suggest that critical and postcolonial international legal scholars can strategically inherit the legacies of hegemonic languages for anticolonial purposes. Just as Arminius drew from Latin and Rome, the Négritude movement siphoned from French – and even Postcolonial Studies were themselves forged in the crucible of British rule over Egypt and India. We too, I argue, can attempt to use the master’s tools to dismantle his house, at least temporarily.
Das Leiden anderer betrachten – Die digitale Vorführung von Kriegsgefangenen zwischen Propaganda und Kriegsverbrechen
Authors: Folger Clara
Published: July 2024

The display of Prisoners of War on social media has become an everpresent feature of international armed conflicts. Still, the limits of digital exposure have not yet been adequately defined under international law. The article analyses the legal validity of the prisoner’s individualisation as decisive factor for a violation of international humanitarian law. Moreover, the article outlines the circumstances under which the digital display qualifies as a war crime.
DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING OF A MODULE FOR CALCULATING THE PARAMETERS OF SCALE INHIBITORS SQUEEZE TREATMENT
Authors: Valekzhanin I.V. , Voloshin A.I.
Published: July 2024

Inorganic scale (salt) deposition in the oil and gas industry is a serious and widespread problem that requires timely measures for effective control and management. The process of formation and deposition of mineral salts depends on a large number of changing factors, which creates additional difficulties for predicting and controlling scale formation processes. The fields of Eastern Siberia, the formation waters of which belong to the category of brines with a mineralization of 250 g/l and more (in some cases more than 600 g/l), are characterized by the scale formation of complex composition (sulfate, carbonate and chloride salts). Scale deposits can occur in the near-wellbore zone of the formation, which can lead to a significant decrease in the productivity of production wells. Many fields in Eastern Siberia have a number of features that complicate their operation. Among them are low reservoir temperature (10–14 °C), reservoir pressure close to the saturation pressure and salinity (halitization) of the reservoir. In the practice of the global oil and gas industry, it has been repeatedly proven that the implementation of technologies to prevent scale deposits is much more technologically and economically efficient than removing already formed sediments. In this regard, the use of scale inhibitors (SI) is one of the key methods to combat the formation of salts. When scale deposits lead to disruption of the operation of submersible well equipment, technologies for continuous or periodic dosing of SI into the annulus of the well can be effective. To protect the bottomhole zone of the formation from scale deposits, the priority technology should be the injection of scale inhibitors or squeeze treatment into the formation under pressure.In this work, based on a set of laboratory filtration experiments, a module has been developed that allows calculating the volumes of scale inhibitor and process fluids required for SI squeeze into the reservoir. The successful results of two operations of SI squeeze into the formation of horizontal wells for protection against deposits of sulfate salts are shown.
TECHNOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS FOR DRILLING USING FLEXIBLE TUBING – UP-TO-DATE WORLD EXPERIENCE AND PROSPECTS FOR RUSSIA
Authors: Yadrin V.V. , Lind Yu.B. , Geraskin A.S. , Galiev A.F.
Published: July 2024

The article presents an analytical review of modern technologies for using flexible tubing to perform complex technological operations aimed at increasing oil recovery, exploration and repair of wells, and construction of lateral and horizontal wellbores. The authors have been most interested in the technology of underbalanced coiled tubing drilling, since it has the potential to increase oil production while maintaining or minimizing drilling costs without drilling complications while ensuring operational safety.The experience of a foreign company in coiled tubing drilling is reviewed, positive results and growth points are highlighted. Solutions for the implementation of coiled tubing drilling in Russian conditions are proposed to reduce the costs of constructing horizontal wells and additional hydrocarbon production during the drilling process. Preparatory work is underway to conduct pilot-industrial research of the proposed technology.
Ofensiva Táctica de Masas y Defensa Integral de la Nación en Venezuela (1999-2005)
Authors: Wainer Luis
Published: July 2024

Luego de indagar sobre el lugar que las Fuerzas Armadas ocuparon en el proyecto político venezolano, entre 1999 y 2005, este artículo se propone historiar sobre una serie de elaboraciones y replanteos civiles y militares que abrevaron en este. Se considera que tal lugar guarda relación con un conjunto de intercambios sostenidos en el tiempo, así como con el núcleo de relaciones sociales, académicas y políticas que forjaron una mirada crítica de los militares. Estos, en comunión con civiles académicos y militantes de izquierda, elaboraron, durante décadas, una serie de visiones y acciones. La concepción de Ofensiva Táctica de Masas y la de Defensa Integral de la Nación estructuran este trabajo, que busca asociar elaboraciones conceptuales y acciones, antes y después de la llegada al gobierno. Estas imbricaciones coadyuvaron no solo a la confección de una nueva doctrina militar bolivariana, sino, además, a una mirada crítica sobre la democracia representativa y la organización del sistema político en torno a ella.
El Ártico en la configuración del espacio ruso y el final del Heartland
Authors: Madueño Álvarez Miguel
Published: July 2024

Este artículo analiza cómo la teoría geopolítica expuesta por Halford Mackinder se ve amenazada por las previsiones del deshielo del Ártico, en el mediano plazo, y cómo estas predicciones transforman el marco estratégico de los países que conforman el territorio, en especial, de la Federación Rusa. Este cambio, que supone el final del Heartland, deja a Rusia en una situación privilegiada por su cercanía y control de las rutas comerciales y los recursos naturales, pero compone también un escenario nuevo en el que la pasada invulnerabilidad marítima queda abierta a experiencias, hasta ahora, desconocidas. Al centrarse en un análisis entre la teoría de Mackinder y la situación actual del Ártico, el artículo trata de dar respuesta a la importancia del Polo Norte, dada su posición geográfica y su naturaleza de mar helado, y a en qué medida puede suponer este una alteración de los equilibrios de poder en el orden regional y global.
La concepción funcionalista de la represión penal y administrativa en materia empresarial
Authors: Trochez-Fernández Carlos-Andrés
Published: July 2024

La delincuencia empresarial moviliza simultáneamente la represión penal como la represión administrativa, ambos instrumentos confluyen en la estabilización de las expectativas normativas de manera autónoma y diferenciada, sin embargo, la perspectiva tradicional de la relación entre estas dos materias ha fallado relativamente en ofrecer una clara diferenciación. El objetivo de este artículo se circunscribirá entonces a brindar una distinción funcionalista de ambos subsistemas jurídicos, en lo que concierne al ámbito económico. La metodología aplicada consistirá en una relectura de la sanción penal y la sanción administrativa a través del funcionalismo-sistémico que posee la capacidad de plantear una vía alternativa original para este impase doctrinal. Este estudio tomará como ilustración el comportamiento de insider trading en materia bursátil. Se concluye que dos distinciones funcionales son identificables entre sanción administrativa y sanción penal, la primera concerniente en la naturaleza de las expectativas normativas que tienen como objetivo estabilizar cada una y, en segundo lugar, el contenido comunicativo de cada sanción en el marco de la teoría de los medios de comunicación simbólicamente generalizados.
Assessment of Rhizopus rot control and quality attributes of manik chaman table grapes after post-harvest ozone and sodium metabisulfite treatment
Authors: Javed Rahimi , Jameel Jhalegar , Noorulla Haveri , Shankar Meti , Anand Nanjappanavar , Gajanan Kushtagi
Published: July 2024

An important fruit crop, grapes are vulnerable to fungal degradation, at different points, together with harvesting, post-harvest management, and storage. The effectiveness of ozone at concentrations 4416.6 L L-1, 6624.9 L L-1, & 8833.2 L L-1 in combination with sodium metabisulfite (SMB), at concentrations of 50 mg, 70 mg, and 90 mg per 100 ml of potato dextrose broth (PDB) was investigated to solve this issue. Fumigation, and food poisoning techniques, were used in these treatments to stop R. stolonifer (Ehrenberg) Vuillemin’s radial growth. In a different trial, SMB in the forms of Indian, and African grape guards, as well as SMB powder packaged in pouches (at a rate of 0.5g per 500g of fruit), was examined, for its potential to combat Rhizopus rot in table grapes subjected to cold storage conditions (52 °C, RH-85-95%), over 49 days. The results showed that sodium metabisulfite at 90 mg/100 ml PDA, and ozone at 8833.2 l L-1 strongly reduced the radial growth of R. stolonifer by 94.82% and 98.14%, respectively. While the inoculation control registered 0.89 Disease Severity (DS), fruits treated with O3 and SMB showed, no symptoms of disease severity. Ozone at 7274.4 L L-1 & 5455.8 L L-1 demonstrated, greater firmness retention of the berries (85.09 N; 84.82 N), as well as higher concentrations of ascorbic acid (3.90; 3.88 mg/100 g). Additionally, these treatments reduced, the levels of Total Soluble Solids (TSS) (18.68 N; 18.72 N), Percentage of Loss in Weight (PLW) (7.49; 7.55), and TSS/acid ratio (20.57 N; 21.52 N). In the sensory evaluation, these therapies received the highest overall acceptance ratings (8.04; 7.70). When combined with ozone, the application of SMB powder at a rate of 0.5g per 500g of grapes showed promising results, among the fruits that had been treated with SMB. In addition, compared to ozone, SMB treatments produced significantly higher L* and b* values. The highest L* value (40.53), highest b* value (23.77), and lowest a* value (-1.92) were all found with SMB powder at 0.5g/500g grapes. In conclusion, ozone shows promise in regulating Rhizopus rot effectively and keeping, the qualitative characteristics of table grapes, during cold storage, offering a feasible substitute, for sulfur dioxide treatments in conventional grape production.
Applying a novel generalized model of sedimentation to the design of settlers and thickeners: Integration and extension of the classical procedures
Authors: JL Bueno-de-las-Heras , A Gutiérrez-Lavín , MM Mahamud-López
Published: July 2024

A new generalized procedure previously introduced and justified by the authors, based on the simultaneous integration of the macroscopic and microscopic differential mass balances by introducing the concept of separation units as an extension of the transfer unit concept was applied here to sedimentation. This similarity leads to a broader analogy with basic transfer and transformation unit operations, at this step focused on the formulation and contrast of a generalized form of the so-called design or sizing equation. This model is comparatively applied under restricted flow Conditions-Vertical Flow Settlers (CSTS) - with the classical methods and extended to the design of horizontal flow settlers (PFS). That opens the door to the sizing of settlers and thickeners in the presence of deviations from these ideal flow models and with other operating configurations. Such a contribution to a desirable generalization and homologation is according to Chemical Engineering methodology specifically in the frequently empirical or casuistic treatment of unit operations with particulate solids.
Concentration technique for Viable but Non-Culturable organisms v1
Authors: Muhsin Fathuddin Muhammad , John Obidah Solomon
Published: July 2024

This protocol is based on existing protocols, such as those for resuscitating microbes, freeze-drying, and selective isolation. It merges the parts of the three protocols to create a new protocol for isolating microbes via resuscitation, centrifugation, and selective isolation. The first part involves resuscitating the microbes; the second part subjects the medium to centrifugation (concentration of the microbes); the third and final part involves the selective growth in a selective broth and subsequent growth on selective agar.