bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eficiência das ferrovias especializadas em transporte de minério de ferro e pelotas
Authors: Fontan Renata , Rosa Rodrigo , Lacruz Adonai
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: Objetiva-se comparar a eficiência relativa das ferrovias especializadas em transporte de minério de ferro (MFe) e pelota (PLMFe), que fazem parte do patrimônio das empresas de mineração e usinas de pelotização considerando o cenário de 2016.

Métodos: Foi utilizada a técnica Análise Envoltória de Dados (DEA), com aplicação do modelo de retornos constantes de escala (CCR) e orientação a saída (output); o método multicritério combinatório inicial para escolha das variáveis de entrada e a regressão Tobit como estratégia de validação do modelo DEA.

Resultados: Das doze ferrovias avaliadas, três ferrovias foram identificadas como eficientes: Estrada de Ferro Carajás, Fortescue e Mount Newman.

Conclusões: O modelo aplicado foi considerado como um bom método para avaliar a eficiência das ferrovias especializadas em transporte de MFe e PLMFe, pois determinou a eficiência de cada ferrovia, sugerindo o aumento necessário na variável de saída ou ajustes nas variáveis de entrada para que as ferrovias atinjam a fronteira de eficiência. Com isso, as empresas podem utilizar os resultados deste estudo para guiar melhorias futuras para tornar sua ferrovia mais eficiente ou se manter na fronteira de eficiência.
Organization Determinants of Physical Culture Evolution in Koszalin Region in 1950–1975
Authors: Połaniecka Agnieszka , Michalska Anna
Published: March 2021

In the nineteenth century and in the first half of twentieth century, the area of Central Pomerania was inhabited primarily by Germans. In the first post-war years, there was a multi-million migration related to the settlement of the so-called Recovered Territories. Rapid development and settlement of the largest number of Poles in the area became one of the most important tasks after the end of hostilities, as a result of which these areas were significantly damaged, therefore there was no housing base for arriving migrants. It was also a significant problem in the organization and creating administrative structures in the field of physical culture management. When the Koszalin Voivodship was founded in 1950 and the administrative provincial authorities of physical culture management were appointed, the Provincial Committee of Physical Culture was created. Organizational structures of physical culture and sport in Koszalin region were formed in accordance with the state policy. In the first half of the 1950s, physical culture in the Koszalin Province experienced a regression. It was not until 1967 that the activities revived in the field of broadly understood physical culture. The County and Municipal Committee of Physical Culture and Tourism activated cooperation with social organizations, e.g. the Society for the Promotion of Physical Culture and district sports associations.
The Fight Against Platform Capitalism: An Inquiry into the Global Struggles of the Gig Economy
Authors: Woodcock Jamie
Published: March 2021

So far, platform work has been an important laboratory for capital. Management techniques, like the use of algorithms, are being tested with a view to exporting across the global economy and it is argued that automation is undermining workers’ agency. Although the contractual trick of self-employment has allowed platforms to grow quickly and keep their costs down, yet it has also been the case also that workers have also found they can strike without following the existing regulations. This book develops a critique of platforms and platform capitalism from the perspective of workers and contributes to the ongoing debates about the future of work and worker organising. It presents an alternative portrait returning to a focus on workers’ experience, focusing on solidarity, drawing out a global picture of new forms of agency. In particular, the book focuses on three dynamics that are driving struggles in the platform economy: the increasing connections between workers who are no longer isolated; the lack of communication and negotiation from platforms, leading to escalating worker action around shared issues; and the internationalisation of platforms, which has laid the basis for new transnational solidarity. Focusing on transport and courier workers, online workers and freelancers author Jamie Woodcock concludes by considering how workers build power in different situations. Rather than undermining worker agency, platforms have instead provided the technical basis for the emergence of new global struggles against capitalism.
Digital Workerism, a Framework
Authors: Woodcock Jamie
Published: March 2021

This chapter outlines the framework of digital workerism that underpins this book. It sketches in detail the threefold framework of class composition developed by Notes from Below, involving the technical (the organisation of work), social (the organisation of workers into class society), and political (the forms of workers’ resistance and self-organisation) composition of work. Building on this, it outlines an argument about workers’ inquiry in the context of platforms, particularly focusing on new labour processes and the potential for new forms of struggle.
Quantifying the COVID-19 Effects on Core PCE Price Inflation
Authors: Luciani Matteo
Published: March 2021

The 12-month change in core PCE price inflation was 1.5 percent in December. Why was core inflation so low in 2020? How much of this weakness can be attributed to the COVID pandemic? And what does this mean for inflation going forward?
Daughter of Frankenstein protocol for nuclei isolation from fresh and frozen tissues using OptiPrep® continuous gradient v1
Authors: G Martelotto Luciano
Published: March 2021

This protocol is the result of the combination of various nuclei isolation protocols for single cell RNA-seq experiments using droplet-based methods, and is an extension of the Frankenstein (D.O.F means Daughter Of Frankenstein). Developed to prepare nuclei isolates from fresh and frozen material of small-to-large sizes. The good thing is that it does not uses FACS but OptiPrep® continuous gradient to remove debris. It is the alternative protocol when FACS is not available. This protocol works better with smaller samples. After centrifugation the nuclei will form a pellet and contaminating membranes will float at the top. This continuous gradient can be applied for as many times as needed to the same prep to continue cleaning up your nuclei suspensions.
Supplementary Methods v1
Authors: Raja Maharjan Babu
Published: March 2021

Supplementary methods of Exercise programs, animal phenotyping and Histology.
A cross sectional study on awareness about eye donation among the students of a selected degree college and their willingness to pledge eyes for donation.
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Dr Chandramma Dayananda Sagar Institute of Medical Education and Research, Deverakaggalahalli, Kanakapura Road, Ramanagara Dt., Karnataka, India, NC Dr. Shwetha , Achappa Dr. Santosh ,   Associate Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Dr Chandramma Dayananda Sagar Institute of Medical Education and Research, Deverakaggalahalli, Kanakapura Road, Ramanagara Dt., Karnataka, India, BM Dr. Deeksha ,   MBBS
Published: March 2021

Context: Corneal blindness is a major public health problem in India. Raising the level of awarenesson eye donation is important to increase procurement of corneas as there is a significant mismatchbetween need and supply of corneal transplant. Aim: To assess the awareness and knowledge abouteye donation among university students and to learn about their willingness to pledge eyes fordonation. Settings and Design: A cross sectional study was conducted for a period of 6 monthsamong the students of a degree college in an Indian urban city. Methods and Material: A pretested & semi structured questionnaire was given to the students to assess their knowledge abouteye donation and their willingness to pledge eyes for donation. Statistical analysis used: Nonprobability samples (convenience sample) of 211 students were selected for the study. Results: Themean age of the students was 19.35 ± 0.73 years. Out of 211 students, 198 (94%) had heard abouteye donation. Ideal time to remove eyes after death is known to 71% of the students. Only 08% ofthe students knew a person with Diabetes or Hypertension can donate his/her eyes. On willingnessto pledge eyes for donation, 59% of the participants were ready to pledge and 05% were not willingto donate eyes. Conclusion: Even though the students have heard about eye donation theknowledge was lacking on important aspects of eye donation. The Majority have not registered foreye donation however willingness to pledge the eyes for donation was present among most of thestudents.
Construction of Exact Solution Describing Three-layer Flows with Evaporation in a Horizontal Channel
Authors: Rezanova Ekaterina V.
Published: March 2021

The paper considers the flow in a three-layer system "liquid–liquid–gas" in a horizontal chan- nel with solid impermeable walls.The evaporation process at the thermocapillary interface of the liquid and gas is taken into account. The Soret and Dufour effects are taken into account in the upper layer filled with a gas-vapor mixture. The system of Navier-Stokes equations in the Boussinesq approximation is used as a mathematical model. A temperature regime is set on the channel walls. Liquid evaporation is modeled using the conditions at the liquid-gas interface. Exact solution of a special type describing the flow in a three-layer system is constructed. The velocity profiles are presented on the example of the "silicone oil–water–air" system for various values of gas flow rate, longitudinal temperature gradients at the system boundaries, thicknesses of liquid and gas-vapor layers
Introduction of Modelling using MATLAB and SIMULINK for Environmental Engineering Students
Authors: Tretyakov Nicodemus
Published: March 2021

A training venture is being created with the point of empowering ecological building understudies to rapidly build up their individual recreation representation of water pedestal eco-frameworks without the need to compose PC programs. The vehicle for this is the business programming MATLAB and SIMULINK. At first, the technique is being applied to display disintegrated O2 and biochemical oxygen request in a water body getting a waste release. Reproductions can incorporate photosynthesis and breath. Understudies are provided with field information and their errand is to recognize the predominant cycles, arrange a proper reproduction, pick qualities for the active constants and complete sculpt runs.
Design of Smart Greenhouse for Environmental Engineering using Internet of Things
Authors: Ferrari Cristiano
Published: March 2021

A nursery means to give ideal light and shield plants from the antagonistic atmosphere which conveys an ideal domain for plant development. A keen nursery is worked with capacity in condition control. The brilliant gadget is introduced in the nursery comprises of numerous sensors, which estimates condition boundaries, for example, temperature and air dampness. One of the ecological key boundaries is temperature. The gadget utilizes this boundary to give legitimate temperature to plant development. The deliberate information is sent to the information worker by using the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport convention through the Internet of Things design. The shrewd gadget has prevailing with regards to estimating boundaries and performed natural building. The temperature and air moistness sensors have normal blunder estimations.
Water Pollution foundation Detection and Localization Based on Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Phan Lào
Published: March 2021

Water contamination cause recognition is the prerequisite of water contamination foundation restriction. In belowmagazine, the resource identification issues of the system are proposed. To take care of the identification issues of static and dynamic contamination cause, the speculation investigation technique is applied. To make up the deficiencies of the smutty contamination source confinement calculation and the restriction techniques dependent on the dispersion models in water, a contamination source limitation calculation dependent on focus form is likewise projected. In the strategy for recognition, the related parallel theories, test measurements and the particular assessment strategies are given. In recreation analyzes, the source discovery strategies are tried. In strategy for restriction, the area of the source is gotten by the mathematical design highlight of the form. The outcomes show that the exhibition of the proposed calculation is better than different strategies when the focus shape is axis-symmetric. What's more, in contamination source location of the hub if the quantity of tests can be guaranteed, the less perception times might be more useful to get high discovery precision.
Practical Environmental Engineering Detecting and Monitoring System for Marine Oil Spills
Authors: Shammas Shamal
Published: March 2021

Identifying and checking oil slicks adrift has become a significant issue because of both the expanded interest and utilization of oil based items, and the more cautious consideration given to natural security. Security in sea transportation has improved, however relevantly the quantity of vessels along delivery courses has expanded, in this way raising the danger of mishaps happening. Alongside this, additionally observing sources and capacities have separately developed; what actually should be improved is a coordinated way to deal with checking, specifically in the event of delicate zones, for example, ensured marine parks. The Marine Information System proposed here is an incorporated and interoperable framework ready to screen sea traffic, utilizing detecting abilities from different electronic sources, alongside geo-situating instruments, and dependent on a particular correspondence foundation. This framework, incorporating flawlessly heterogeneous information, supplies an assortment of choice help administrations giving proactive functionalities, which exhibits its potential in encouraging unique connections among various information.
Forecasting Mechanism using Grey Prediction Model for Sudden Water Pollution Accidents
Authors: Dupuis Melville
Published: March 2021

To discover the control of water contamination mishaps, measurements and conjecture strategies are frequently used to define crisis plans in security designing. This paper shows the inherent clash between the methods of water-shed the executives and counteraction of abrupt water pollution disaster. Consequently, another idea "Trans-limit abrupt water pollution disaster" has been projected, and attributes gauging instrument is explored. In this magazine, GM (1,1) model is utilized in expectation of water contamination mishaps that occurred as of late. We utilize a showing case of water contamination as our contextual analysis to test the proficiency and precision of the GM(1,1) representation. On the base of model, we pick 9 determining files finally, and set up the estimating file framework for trans-limit abrupt water contamination mishaps. As per the test marks, the presentation of this mould is acceptable and it is helpful for regime to settle on crisis choices.
Die Bedeutung von Value Based Selling im Vermarktungsprozess der Anlagenplanung
Authors: Reiterer Johannes , Scheiber Eva-Maria
Published: March 2021

Der Markt der Anlagenplanung bietet ein großes ökonomisches Potenzial. Im Zuge eines steigenden Wettbewerbsdrucks wird die Etablierung von langfristigen Geschäftsbeziehungen immer wichtiger. Eine Möglichkeit dazu bietet der Verkaufsansatz „Value-Based Selling“. Bisherige Forschungen in diesem Bereich beziehen sich allgemein auf B2B bzw. Industriegütermärkte. Eine Forschungslücke konnte im Bereich konkreter Anwendungen von Value-Based Selling in einzelnen Branchen identifiziert werden. Diese Forschung geht der Frage nach, welche Bedeutung Value-Based Selling in der Branche der Anlagenplanung hat und welche Elemente ein Wertversprechen im Zuge eines Value-Based Selling Prozesses für einen Kunden enthalten soll. Basierend darauf wurde ein standardisierter Online-Fragebogen an Personen mit einem Verständnis über den Anlagenbeschaffungsprozess versendet. Eine zentrale Erkenntnis aus der Befragung ist, dass operationale Wertdimensionen in einem Wertversprechen eine signifikant höhere Bedeutung als symbolische und strategische Wertdimensionen haben. Zudem zeigen die Ergebnisse, dass VBS in der Anlagenplanung sehr bedeutend ist. Unterschiede in der Bedeutung für einzelne Kundensegmente konnten nicht identifiziert werden.
Exploring Cooperative Behaviors Among the Sena of Gorongosa National
Park, Mozambique and the Dolgan/Nganasan of Ust'-Avam, Siberia
Authors: Silva Victoria
Published: March 2021

Why do humans cooperate? Mechanisms including inclusive fitness, reciprocal altruism, indirect reciprocity, and costly signaling provide explanations for human cooperation and partner choice. Using data from the Sena people of Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique and the Dolgan/Nganasan of Ust’-Avam Siberia, I examine several questions relating to cooperation. During a preliminary study, interview and observational data was collected that provide insight on the day-to-day activities of 33 households in Gorongosa National Park. Cooperative activities include cooperative socializing, play, cooperative breeding, and household labor. It was found that most daily activities observed were done solitarily and men were most likely to be participating in the cooperative activities. A social network analysis of cooperative hunts among the Dolgan and Nganasan allowed me to test the influence of relationship type, reciprocity, and centrality on partner choice and hunting returns. Hunters were more likely to choose kin and friends as partners, and these relationships had greater reciprocity than neighbors and acquaintances. Hunters with high outdegree centrality and betweenness centrality had greater production per capita hunting returns. These outcomes are consistent with inclusive fitness and reciprocal altruism, and the benefits associated with cooperation.
Observed Defects of Swiss Cheese Based on the Microbiome Contribution to the Production of Organic Acids
Authors: Campfield Vannessa D.
Published: March 2021

The United States Department of Agriculture downgrades on the order of 17% of all Swiss cheese
produced in the United States due to defects. Many of these defects are related to improper eye
formation, number, distribution, or size; leading to an industry loss of over $69 million per annum.
The microbiome in Swiss-type cheeses plays a significant role in eye development due to production
of organic acids and gaseous emissions contingent on bacterial abundance and phenotype. The
relationship between bacteria and the organic acids they produce leading to Swiss cheese defects
can be correlated using Next-generation sequencing and high-performance liquid chromatography
coupled with UV-Vis and mass spectrometry, respectively. From two processing facilities,
Next-generation sequencing identified bacterial genera
Lactobacillus and Propionibacterium to be associated
with split/cracked cheese defects, and Clostridium sensu stricto
12, Propionibacterium, and Lactobacillus to be
associated with irregular Eye formation/distribution (or collapsed eye formation) defects in
Swiss cheese. Also identified through Next-generation sequencing was the genera "Candidatus
Berkiella", Propionibacterium, and Lactobacillus to be
associated with blind defects in Swiss cheese. Chromatographic separation and identification of organic
acids provided evidence that lower levels of acetic and propionic acids were found in the split/cracked
cheese samples; lower abundance of acetic, lactic, propionic and butyric acids were found in blind
cheese samples (while a higher abundance of citric acid was found); and lower concentrations of citric,
acetic, and propionic acids were found in irregular eye distribution samples. From these data, it can be
concluded that Swiss cheese monitoring for bacteria in the
genera Lactobacillus, Propionibacterium, Clostridium sensu
stricto 12, and "Candidatus Berkiella" can be used as a predictor of three
types of cheese defects before and during long storage times leading to inferior product resulting in
losses to the processor while organic acid monitoring results proved to be inconclusive.
Examining the Role of Enjoyment, Anxiety, and Emotional Intelligence in Online Graduate Students' Self-Regulated Learning
Authors: Touati Achraf
Published: March 2021

As online learning continues to grow, particularly amid the COVID pandemic, so too has interest
among educational practitioners and researchers to understand the personal and contextual factors
that shape students’ emotions in these environments. The control-value theory of achievement
emotions has emerged as a useful framework for examining the antecedents and consequences of
different emotions that students experience in online learning. The purpose of the present study
was to validate the assumptions of the control-value theory in an asynchronous online graduate
program, and to examine the role of emotional intelligence in this social-cognitive process. Data
were collected from 102 graduate students enrolled at a public university in the United States.
Results showed that online self-efficacy was a significant predictor of achievement emotions (enjoyment
and anxiety). However, student value appraisals of the online program only predicted anxiety.
Hierarchical regression analyses also revealed that only anxiety was a significant predictor of
self-regulated learning. Further moderation analyses were conducted and showed that emotional
intelligence moderated the relationships between achievement emotions and self-regulated learning.
The implications for research, theory, and practice are discussed.
A CIDADANIA DIGITAL E A CRISE OCIDENTAL DA DEMOCRACIA
Authors: Franco Thiago
Published: March 2021

O livro “La cittadinanza digitale: La crisi dell’idea occidentale di democrazia e la partecipazione nelle reti digitali.” de Massimo Di Felice, apresenta três argumentos principais: um ligado ao mito da narrativa do sujeito como independente do mundo; um segundo ligado as transformações tecnológicas e as novas ecologias que conectam humanos e não humanos; e por fim a crise da ideia de democracia ocidental. A cidadania digital seria uma nova concepção de cidadão, o infovíduo , que se conecta a todos os elementos do mundo, independente da composição da substância.
El concepto evolucionario de linaje
Authors: Caponi Gustavo
Published: March 2021

Los linajes evolutivos son poblaciones darwinianas o grupos monofiléticos compuestos de poblaciones darwinianas, o demes, que se derivan de una población darwiniana fundacional o de la fracción de una población darwiniana. El hecho de que esas poblaciones y fracciones de poblaciones sean consideradas como demes implica que en ellas puedan registrarse procesos microevolutivos tales como selección natural, selección sexual, deriva genética, migración y mutaciones genéticas. La derivación que va de una población ancestral a una población que de ella se origine es algo real, porque los individuos del stock inicial de la población derivada guardan vínculos de filiación con los individuos de la población primitiva.
Rehabilitación oral integral y manejo de la conducta en paciente de 3 años de edad con caries de la infancia temprana severa. Reporte de caso.
Authors: Jaramillo Rodriguez Dayana Paola
Published: March 2021

Las técnicas de manejo de conducta no farmacológicas son el conjunto de procedimientos destinados a mejorar las habilidades de afrontamiento de un niño, y son útiles para realizar rehabilitaciones orales integrales puesto que disminuyen los niveles de miedo y ansiedad, y a la vez, facilitan la correcta realización del tratamiento. Previo a comenzar los procedimientos odontológicos, se debe evaluar al niño para reconocer su cooperación y grado de madurez psicológica, de esta manera podremos escoger las técnicas que mejor se adapten al paciente. Se ha reportado la eficacia, seguridad y preferencia de los padres por el uso de estas técnicas versus la sedación o anestesia general. El objetivo del presente caso clínico es demostrar que, a través de una correcta selección de técnicas de manejo de conducta básicas, se logró la colaboración y aceptación del tratamiento de un paciente de 3 años de edad con experiencias dentales negativas previas y caries de la infancia temprana severa.
Fatiga cíclica en sistemas reciprocantes WaveOne Gold y Reciproc Blue después de su uso en canales con curvaturas severas
Authors: Lara Angel
Published: March 2021

El objetivo fue comparar número de ciclos hasta la fractura (NCF) de WaveOne Gold Primary (WOGP) y Reciproc Blue R25 (RBR25) después del uso en canales con curvaturas de 60° y radios (De 2 o 5mm). Se formaron cuatro grupos: 1° WOGP con 2mm de radio, 2° WOGP con 5mm de radio, 3° RBR25 con 2mm de radio y 4° RBR25 con 5mm de radio; de 5 instrumentos. Se instrumentó los canales con 60° y radio de 2mm y 5mm, se determinó el tiempo hasta la fractura y así se obtuvo el NCF. Se observó la sección transversal con microscopio de Endodoncia después de la fractura. El grupo 4 tuvo mayor NCF seguido del grupo 3, el grupo 2 y el grupo 1. Ambos grupos RBR25 fueron superiores significativamente en la resistencia a la fatiga cíclica que WOGP.
Estudio comparativo in vitro de la efectividad del sistema HBW Ultrasonic Ring y la irrigación ultrasónica pasiva en la remoción de barrillo dentinario colocado artificialmente en irregularidades simuladas dentro de conductos radiculares instrumentados, a
Authors: Monar JCristina
Published: March 2021

Comparar la efectividad de la irrigación ultrasónica dual del Anillo HBW (HBW, México) y la irrigación ultrasónica pasiva de IrriS (VDW Dental, Munich Germany) en la remoción de barrillo dentinario colocados artificialmente en irregularidades simuladas dentro de conductos radiculares instrumentados.  El estudio se realizó en 25 premolares uniradiculares extraídos. Se instrumentaron los conductos con técnica reciprocante Reciproc Blue (VDW Dental, Munich Germany). Cada diente se dividió longitudinalmente en dos mitades. En una de las mitades de cada conducto se creó un surco de 4 mm de largo, 0,2 mm de ancho y 0,5 mm de profundidad, se rellenó el surco con barrillo dentinario preparado intencionalmente mezclando restos de dentina con NaOCl al 5,25%. Se volvió a ensamblar cada diente y se los distribuyó en 3 grupos de manera aleatoria: Grupo 1: irrigación ultrasónica pasiva PUI (n = 10), grupo 2 irrigación ultrasónica dual DUI (n = 10) en los cuales se irrigó 9 ml de NaOCl al 5,25% y se activó por 60s distribuidos en tres tiempos de 3ml/20s cada uno y grupo control (n = 5) en el cual no se realizó irrigación. Se separaron las raíces y se obtuvieron imágenes del surco, utilizando una cámara Nikon d3300 (Nikon,Tokio, Japan) luego de lo cual se guardaron como imágenes JPG. La cantidad de restos de barrillo dentinario en los surcos fue evaluada por tres expertos utilizando un sistema de puntuación de 0 a 3: cuanto mayor fue la puntuación, más barrillo dentinario fue observado en el surco. Los datos se analizaron mediante la prueba de Shapiro-Wilks y U de Mann-Whitney.  La efectividad en la remoción de barrillo dentinario de cada sistema se comparó en 3 categorías de acuerdo a los puntajes obtenidos: puntaje de 0 a 1 Excelente; puntaje 2 Regular y puntaje 3 Mala. Una excelente remoción del barrillo dentinario se observó en el 60% y 70% en los sistemas DUI y PUI respectivamente, mientras que una remoción regular del 40% y 30% respectivamente. sin embargo, no hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas mediante la prueba U de Mann-Whitney (P>0.05). La irrigación ultrasónica dual fue igual de efectiva que la irrigación ultrasónica pasiva en la remoción de barrillo dentinario.
A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study on Clinical and Laboratory Profile of Chronic Kidney Disease in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital, India
Authors: Elumalai Arumugam , Boopathy Navin , Balakrishnan Nivedha
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy is the major cause for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in India, but there is plethora of non-diabetic causes of CKD. This study was conducted to analyse the aetiological profile of CKD, compare demographic details, clinical characteristics, laboratory parameters between diabetic and non-diabetic causes of CKD. METHODS This is a comparative cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary centre at Maduranthagam, Tamil Nadu, on 250 subjects. The study population included all renal failure cases diagnosed in the study setting during the period December 2017 - December 2019. CKD grade is assessed as per National Kidney Foundation (NKF / KDOQI) staging system. The quantitative variables were analysed by mean, and standard deviation. Categorical variables were analysed by frequency and proportion. RESULTS 250 patients were included in the analysis; 49.20 % were diabetics with a mean age of 62.81 ± 10.44 years, and 50.80 % were non-diabetics with a mean age of 59.24 ± 10.46 years. Among the non-diabetics, 88.98 % had hypertension and 51.22 % among diabetics had hypertension. 55 subjects had both diabetes and hypertension. In the diabetes group, 39.84 % patients had trace proteinuria, 9.76 % had proteinuria +, 4.88 % had proteinuria ++ and 45.53 % participants had proteinuria +++. Among non-diabetics, 51.97 % had trace proteinuria and 40.94 % had proteinuria +++. In both groups, majority of patients had grade 5 renal failure with 57.72 % among diabetics and 56.69 % among non-diabetics. CONCLUSIONS The clinical and laboratory profile was significantly different among the two groups. In diabetic CKD, intensified risk factor control of blood glucose and HbA1c was needed, while in non-diabetic CKD, better blood pressure control measures was needed. KEYWORDS Chronic Kidney Disease, Aetiological Profile, Diabetes Mellitus, Laboratory Parameters, Diabetic Nephropathy, Hypertensive Nephropathy
Is Parent Education Tool Effective in Improving Awareness among Parents of a Wheezing Child? A Pre-Experimental Study
Authors: K Keerthi , V.K Gireeshan , K Deepthi
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND Asthma is a common chronic disease in childhood. Globally, more than 339 million people are estimated to have asthma. The prevalence of childhood asthma in India is about 6 %. Even though childhood asthma is highly prevalent, the knowledge level among parents / caregivers about the disease, its risk factors, prevention and management is poor. Currently, in India there are no national or state level bodies to provide relevant information about the disease. The rationale of this study is to create a parent education tool that will provide the necessary details about the disease and to check the effectiveness by assessing the improvement in knowledge about childhood asthma among parents of wheezers after implementation of this self-prepared educational tool through a structured teaching programme. METHODS A pre-test post-test pre-experimental study was conducted among parents of children admitted to paediatric ward and intensive care unit of a tertiary care centre in North Kerala. A self-prepared questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge of parents before intervention. Intervention was done using an educational tool prepared by the researcher with the aid of power point presentation and hands on training on technique of using metered dose inhaler. Effectiveness of the tool was assessed after 10 days of intervention using the same questionnaire. Statistical analysis of collected data was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26. RESULTS 51 parents were included in the study. The scoring of questionnaire before and after educational intervention was done as poor (< 10 score), average (11 - 20 score) and good (21 - 31 score). The mean score before intervention was 9.98 (SD = 3.14) and after intervention the score became 17.73 (SD = 2.562), and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.00). Mean score of the knowledge regarding treatment and prevention of asthma improved to 10.18 (SD = 2.133) from 4.29 (SD = 2.212). CONCLUSIONS A well-developed parent education tool is a requirement for minor adjustments needed in the lifestyle of a child with asthma, which ensures proper prevention and treatment. KEYWORDS Childhood Asthma, Wheezing Child, Parent Education, Asthma Education Tool, Asthma Awareness
Placental Migration of Low-Lying Placenta Diagnosed on Second Trimester Ultrasonography and Its Fetomaternal Outcome - An Observational Study in a Tertiary Care Health-Facility in West Bengal
Authors: Pal Rajib , Naskar Basab Bijay , Ganguly Tapan , Saha Rajugopal , Ghosh Mrinal Kanti , Sengupta Prabir
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND We wanted to determine the incidence of a low-lying placenta diagnosed on routine ultrasonography in second trimester and those diagnosed as placenta previa in the third trimester. We also wanted to evaluate the factors affecting such migration and evaluate the fetomaternal outcome. METHODS In this prospective study all cases of low-lying placenta detected on routine ultrasound scan in second trimester were followed up with serial sonography evaluating placental migration in third trimester and also in those whose placentas never cleared of internal os and persisted as placenta previa. The study included a total 200 antenatal primigravida mothers without any risk factors and was conducted over a period of one year. RESULTS Out of 200 mothers, 13 patients had no further follow-up, sonographic examinations or obstetric care in our institution leaving 187 patients. Among 187 women, placental migration occurred in 175 women and 12 had placenta previa. Anterior low lying placentas were more common and most of them migrated from internal os between 28w - 31w 9d of gestation. A small number of placentas cleared after 36 weeks but before delivery. Anterior placenta previa were more common than posterior ones. Diagnosis of low lying placenta occurred at 18w - 18w 9d of gestation. Among low lying placenta in mid trimester whose initial distance from internal cervical os was < 10 mm are not migrated, and end in placenta previa. Maternal complications like antepartum haemorrhage, postpartum haemorrhage were more common in low lying placenta. Fetal complications include intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), preterm birth and neonatal complications like low Apgar score at birth, and sick newborn care unit (SNCU) admissions were more common in placenta previa compared to normal location of placenta. CONCLUSIONS A low lying placenta diagnosed by ultrasonography in second trimester resolves by mid of third trimester. Only rarely 6.4 % persist to term or near term. Follow up sonography is required to diagnose persistence of placenta previa. KEYWORDS Low Lying Placenta, Placental Migration, Placenta Previa, Sonography
Comparison of Pain on Injection of Etomidate versus Etomidate-Lipuro in Patients Undergoing Elective Orthopedic Surgery: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Saliminia Alireza , Esfahanian Niloofar
Published: March 2021

Background: Etomidate is an efficient general anesthetic associated with injection pain. Etomidate-Lipuro is its lipid emulsion, suggested to have less adverse effects. We aim to compare the injection pain of etomidate vs. etomidate-lipuro.
Methods: This double-blind randomized clinical trial investigated 46 hands (23 patients) undergoing elective orthopedic surgery referring to our hospital from May to September 2017. For each patient, intravenous (IV) access was put on both hands, on one of which 2 ml of etomidate (drug A) and on the other one, 2 ml of etomidate-lipuro (drug B) were infused simultaneously. Pain scores were compared between drug types by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test using the SPSS software.
Results: Among 23 patients included in the study, 8 (34.8%) were female. Mean ± standard deviation (SD) of the patients’ age was 40.52 ± 13.07 years (range: 22-60 years). The type of drug injected to the right hand was drug A in 14 hands (60.9%) and drug B in 9 hands (39.1%). Mean ± SD of pain scores was 3.57 ± 3.30 for drug A (P < 0.001). The hand side (left/right) showed no significant effect on the pain scores (P = 0.535).
Conclusion: This randomized clinical trial used each person as his/her own control (left/right hands). Given the results, etomidatelipuro showed significant superiority over etomidate regarding injection pain. In fact, most patients felt no pain, which suggests etomidate-Lipuro as an appropriate sedative.
Acetabular Posterior Wall Fracture: How to Determine the Fragment Size
Authors: Mortazavi Seyed Mohammad Javad , Zarei Mohammad , Kalantar Seyed Hadi , Rasta Sheila
Published: March 2021

The article's abstract is not available.
Multi-Ligament Knee Injury with Concomitant Tibial Tubercle Fracture: A Challenging Case Report and Review of the Pertinent Literature
Authors: Tahami Mohammad , Sharafat Vaziri Arash , Naghi Tahmasebi Mohammad , Vosoughi Fardis , Khalilizad Majid , Safari Rasool
Published: March 2021

Background: Multi-ligament knee injury (MLKI) combined with a comminuted tibial tubercle avulsion fracture in the literature has been reported as a very rare condition. To the best of our knowledge, there was no case report of this condition associated with open proximal tibia fractures.
Case Report: A 32-year-old man was referred to our center, with a comminuted tibial tubercle fracture, patella alta, fracture of the tibia at the proximal meta-diaphyseal junction, a Segond fracture, and proximal tibiofibular dislocation on X-ray images. Further assessment of intra-articular pathologies was performed during the operation and complete tear of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) tear were identified. Radial tear of the body and anterior root avulsion of medial meniscus were also noted. All of the extra-articular and intra-articular injuries were addressed surgically, except ACL and PCL tear, which were postponed to a second stage. Proximal tibiofibular dislocation was not approached surgically. The rehabilitation protocol included 6 weeks of non-weight-bearing followed by 6 weeks of crutch-assisted partial weight-bearing ambulation, and forbidden active knee extension during the first 6 weeks and allowing the patient to perform passive flexion of the knee to 90 degrees starting from the second week. Following the rehabilitation program, the patient achieved near-full range of motion (ROM) by the end of 6 months of clinical follow-up.
Conclusion: By means of our specific surgical technique and post-operative rehabilitation protocol, we led the patient with this specific condition to have fracture union and near-normal ROM by the end of 6 months.
Black Femoral Head Due to Ochronotic Arthropathy: A Case Report
Authors: Kazemi Mahlisha , Rabie Hamid , Sharafi Mohammadhasan
Published: March 2021

Background: Ochronotic arthropathy is a rare complication in patients with alkaptonuria (AKU) that occurs as a result of ochronotic pigment accumulation in the joints.
Case Report: This case report presents a 54-year-old patient with severe degenerative arthritis who underwent total hip arthroplasty on both sides within an interval of three years. The diagnosis was made by observation of a dark capsule and femoral head during the second surgery. The surgical treatments significantly reduced the pain and improved the range of motion (ROM).
Conclusion: Orthopedic surgeons must be vigilant about clinical manifestations of this rare condition, before and during the surgery. Arthroplasty is a favourable therapeutic option in patients suffering from ochronotic arthropathy.
Investigating the Relationship between Attachment Styles and Internet Addiction and Daytime Sleepiness in Students
Authors: Noorollahi Atefe , Pournemat Mina , Minaee Ali , Dehghan Amin
Published: March 2021

Background and Objective: Sleep is one of the important elements in life that is accompanied by physical and mental rehabilitation. Suitable sleep quality is necessary for health and it has a direct relationship with physical and mental health of the person. The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between attachment styles and internet addiction and daytime sleepiness of students.
Materials and Methods: The statistical population of this study included students of Islamic Azad University, Saveh Branch, Saveh, Iran, including 1200 students. Using the random sampling method and according to Morgan’s table, 291 students were selected as the study sample and the Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ) by Hazan and Shaver, Young’s Internet Addiction Diagnostic Questionnaire (IADQ), and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) were distributed among them and data were analyzed by SPSS software.
Results: The results showed that a significant and positive relationship exists between sleepiness and avoidant attachment style as well as internet addiction and daytime sleepiness. The results of data analysis with regression showed that attachment styles and internet addiction predict 62% of daytime sleepiness changes.
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that attachment styles and internet addiction are good predictors for daytime sleepiness.
ADULTO CON ANOMALÍA DE EBSTEIN
Authors: Pacheco Rodriguez Jennifer Paola , Torres Washima Irene Lucia , Serrano Barbecho Wladimir Augusto
Published: March 2021

Resumen: La enfermedad de Ebstein es una patología rara, siendo su incidencia de 1 por cada 20.000 recién nacidos vivos. Se trata de una implantación baja de las valvas septal y posterior de la tricúspide. Por lo tanto, la aurícula derecha tiende a ser más amplia y el ventrículo derecho disminuye en su tamaño. Además, el 25% de los casos se relacionan con vías de conducción accesorias y comunicación inter atrial. El diagnostico se realiza por ecocardiograma y actualmente con resonancia magnética. Por lo tanto, ésta patología se la puede asignar en la clasificación de Carpienter, según su grado. Son recomendaciones de cirugía: el deterioro de la clase funcional, cianosis, cardiomegalia y dilatación progresiva del ventrículo derecho. Sin embargo; la ablación con catéter en arritmias auriculares tiene un resultado favorable y aquellos pacientes diagnosticados en la adultez tienen buen pronóstico pos quirúrgico. Resultados: En el presente caso se llegó a la conclusión que mencionada sintomatología (disnea de medianos esfuerzos más palpitaciones acompañado de dolor torácico atípico) se debe al flutter auricular que presenta el paciente, a pesar de la implantación baja de la válvula tricúspide; por lo tanto, se procederá a realizar ablación con catéter, valorar evolución clínica y dependiente de ésta se escalará a tratamiento quirúrgico. Conclusiones: Se decidió optimizar tratamiento clínico y ablación del flutter pues sintomatología probablemente es secundaria a este. Además, se realizará seguimiento del caso y si con estas medidas no mejora la sintomatología se deberá escalar tratamiento, basándonos en el deterioro de clase funcional como indicación para plastia o cambio de la válvula tricúspide. El presente caso, se agrupó como un tipo B de acuerdo a la clasificación de Carpentier
Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi Terhadap Mutu Pendidikan
Authors: Anggreni Minatul
Published: March 2021

Banyaknya persaingan di dunia pendidikan di Indonesia menuntut lembaga pendidikan memiliki nilai tambah untuk dipilih dan dipercaya oleh masyarakat. Nilai tambah dapat di terapkan sebagai kualitas pendidikan dimana lembaga pendidikan memberikan jaminan kepuasan masyarakat sebagai konsumen. Lembaga pendidikan harus dibangun dengan budaya organisasi yang memberikan kekuatan untuk pelaksanaan proses kualitas pendidikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menjelaskan pengaruh budaya organisasi terhadap mutu pendidikan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif, sampel yang digunakan diperoleh dari 20 mahasiswa dari berbagai program studi dan universitas di Indonesia yang diambil secara acak melalui kontak pertemanan dari aplikasi Whatsapp peneliti. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa budaya organisasi sangat berpengaruh dan penting dalam dunia pendidikan. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan tingginya presentase mencapai 100%. Dan juga dengan mengikuti organisasi akan berdampak baik pada nilai akademik, ditunjukkan dengan 70% mahasiswa merespon berdampak baik, 5% berdampak buruk, 25% tidak berdampak. Pendapat dari 20 mahasiswa mengatakan bahwa pengaruh budaya organisasi sangat penting dan berpengaruh serta berdampak baik dalam dunia pendidikan. Kata kunci: Budaya Organisasi, Lembaga Pendidikan, Mutu Pendidikan
Analisis Butir Soal Ulangan Harian IPA Terpadu Kelas VII SMP 05 Kota Bengkulu Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021
Authors: Virginia Sagita , Angraini Widiya , Pratesya Wika , Walid Ahmad
Published: March 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami serta mengetahui pengelompokan Ranah Kognitif Taksonomi Bloom dan Tingkat Kesukaran Ulangan Harian IPA Kelas VII SMPN 05 Kota Bengkulu. Dalam penelitian ini tentunya menggunakan metode penelitian yaitu metode Deskriptif Kualitatif .pada penelitian ini instrument yang digunakan berupa soal Ulangan Harian  Mata Pelajaran IPA Tahun Ajaran 2020/2021. Dari data yang terkumpul kemudian data tersebut di analisis Ranah Kognitif berdasarkan Taksonomi Bloom dari tabel masing-masing telah dikelompokkan kedalam tiga tingkat kognitif dari 6 tingkat kognitif yang ada. Hasil penelitian ini adalah, dari tabel tersebut dihasilkan pada Ulangan Harian mata pelajaran IPA SMPN 05 Kota Bengkulu berturut-turut adalah : C1 : 32 %, C2 : 40 %, C3 : 28 %. Dari analisis tingkat kesukaran butis soal Ulangan Harian IPA Kelas VII SMPN 05 memiliki kategori soal mudah 44% sedangkan katogori soal sedang 36 % dan kategori soal susah 20 %. Hal ini menandakan bahwasannya kualitas soal Ulangan Harian cukup baik.
PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO NA UNIDADE DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA NEONA-TAL E PEDIÁTRICA DE UM HOSPITAL COM ÊNFASE NA FISIOTERAPIA
Authors: Saretto Grazielle Corazza , Pacheco Carla Maria , Corazza Emerson José , Fernandes Herica Salvaro
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: Traçar o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes internados na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal e Pediátrica (UTI-NP) de um hospital do extremo sul catarinense, com ênfase na importância da atuação do fisioterapeuta neste ambiente. Métodos: Foram coletados os dados dos prontuários, por meio do sistema GEM-Saúde, de todos os pacientes internados na UTI-NP de um hospital do extremo sul catarinense. O período de coleta foi feito entre os meses de fevereiro e abril, referente ao período de janeiro de 2017 a janeiro de 2018. Resultados: Tendo como n 230 pacientes, o sexo prevalente foi o masculino, dentre as doenças destacou-se a prematuridade, a média dos dias de internação foi de 18,5 dias, o uso de oxigênio foi de 65,2%, da ventilação mecânica não invasiva (VMNI) de 40,9% e da ventilação mecânica invasiva (VMI) de 48,7%, 87,4% tiveram intervenção fisioterapêutica e 9,6% foram a óbito. Conclusão: Os resultados desse estudo podem auxiliar na elaboração de políticas de saúde. Cabe ressaltar que novas pesquisas podem ser feitas no hospital de estudo, tendo como base de dados os resultados obtidos. Sugere-se a ampliação do período de tempo de pesquisa e, aprofundando assim, os temas abordados, como por exemplo a justificativa para o alto número de prematuros internados.