bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IDENTIFIKASI IKAN LIDAH Cynoglossus arel (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) BERDASARKAN MORFOMETRIK DAN DNA BARCODING YANG DIPERDAGANGKAN DI TEMPAT PELELANGAN IKAN MUARA ANGKE
Authors: Alina Dining Nika , Madduppa Hawis
Published: November 2020

Ikan lidah merupakan ikan ekonomis penting yang menjadi salah satu komoditas yang diperdagangkan di Tempat Pelelangan Ikan (TPI) Muara Angke. Ikan lidah memiliki keunikan karena metamorfosis mereka, kebiasaan membenamkan diri dalam substrat dan sirip pektoralnya yang terdegradasi sedangkan sirip lainnya saling bertemu. Terdapat enam spesies ikan lidah dari famili Cynoglossidae yang dapat ditemukan di Indonesia, sedangkan penelitian terkait identifikasi ikan lidah masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan memastikan spesies ikan lidah yang diperdagangkan di TPI Muara Angke berdasarkan pengukuran morfometrik dan DNA Barcoding menggunakan sekuen COI. Hasil analisis morfologi menggunakan literatur menunjukkan bahwa ikan lidah sampel memiliki kemiripan karakteristik morfologi dengan Cynoglossus lingua dan Cynoglossus arel yang kemudian diyakini sebagai C. arel berdasarkan ciri diagnostiknya. Berdasarkan analisis DNA barcoding diperoleh spesies Cynoglossus cf. arel dengan identifikasi kesamaan 100% yang tercantum dalam GenBank. Dari hasil analisis morfologi dan DNA barcoding menunjukkan bahwa ikan lidah yang diperdagangkan di TPI Muara Angke merupakan ikan dari famili Cynoglossidae, genus Cynoglossus, spesies Cynoglossus arel.Tongue Fish Identification Traded in Muara Angke Fish Auction Based on Morphometric and DNA Barcoding Using COI Sequences. Tongue fish is an important economical fish which is one of the commodities traded at Muara Angke Fish Auction. Tongue fish are unique because of their metamorphosis, their habit of immersing themselves in the substrate, and their pectoral fins degraded while the other three fins are confluent. There are six species of tongue fish from the Cynoglossidae family that can be found in Indonesia, whereas the study about tongue fish identifications are limited. The present study aims to identify and clarify the species of tongue fish traded at Muara Angke Fish Auction based on morphometric measurements and DNA Barcoding using the COI sequence. The results of the morphological analysis using the literature showed that the tongue fish samples had similar morphological characteristics with Cynoglossus lingua and Cynoglossus arel which were then believed to be C. arel based on their diagnostic characteristics. DNA barcoding analysis of tongue fish sample shows Cynoglossus cf. arel with 100% similarity identification listed in GenBank. From the results of morphological analysis and DNA barcoding showed that the tongue fish traded at TPI Muara Angke are fish from the family Cynoglossidae, genus Cynoglossus, species of Cynoglossus arel.
Through the Dark Vale
Authors: Sims Lionel , Fisher David
Published: November 2020

The Stonehenge Palisade was a Late Neolithic/Early Bronze Age 2 km linear timberfence that ran alongside Stonehenge and its final Avenue approach. Within its middle section wasa 300–400 m gap. Four archaeology models of the Palisade, all of which include horizon viewing,are evaluated and revised against the presently known properties of this structure, and elementsof each retained after critique are integrated into an emergent interdisciplinary model by usingskyscape archaeology. This new model suggests that the Palisades’ design of interrupted obscurationand the agency of skyscape knowledge in a planar stationary geocentric earth cosmologytogether indicate a ritual purpose of the Stonehenge monument complex, which was to simulatea journey through the underworld.
Investigating Archaeology and Astronomy at The Hurlers, Cornwall 2013–2019
Authors: Nowakowski Jacqueline A. , Kennett Carolyn , Gossip James , Sheen Brian
Published: November 2020

Two projects – “Mapping the Sun” and “Reading the Hurlers” – have shone new light on the multiple stone circle complex, The Hurlers, on Bodmin Moor, Cornwall, in southwest Britain. In 2013, excavation revealed a stone “pavement” between the central and northern circles: this inter-circle link had first been discovered in 1938 but had then been re-covered. Work in 2016 discovered a solitary fallen (once standing) stone which lay 100 m to the north of The Hurlers complex. Geological studies of the standing stones accompanied by astronomical surveys have prompted new insights into the make-up of this monument, its landscape setting and astronomical significance. Astronomical observations of this major Bronze Age landscape reveal a design with significant alignments between key monuments and near and distant landmarks. Additional astronomical links suggest a number of interesting phenomena which would be experienced at the site, particularly surrounding the materiality of the inter-circle link.
Skyscapes in the Academy
Authors: Silva Fabio , Henty Liz
Published: November 2020

To follow
The Value of Skyscape Archaeology
Authors: Campion Nicholas
Published: November 2020

The Value of Skyscape Archaeology
All Cannings Long Barrow
Authors: Banton Simon
Published: November 2020

All Cannings Long Barrow: Laying Out a Modern Alignment to Winter Solstice
All Cannings Long Barrow
Authors: Senior Rosemary
Published: November 2020

All Cannings Long Barrow: Mansion of Eternity
Oliver J. T. Harris and Craig N. Cipolla, Archaeological Theory in the New Millennium: Introducing Current Perspectives
Authors: Armstrong Pamela
Published: November 2020

Oliver J. T. Harris and Craig N. Cipolla, Archaeological Theory in the New Millennium: Introducing Current Perspectives

London and New York: Routledge, 2017. Paperback, 238 pp. ISBN: 9781138888715. £33.99.
The economic resilience of Irish counties for subsequent recessions and the impact of population distribution on resilience
Authors:   Athlone Institute of Technology, Hennebry Barraí
Published: November 2020

Relevance. Much research was undertaken on regional economic resilience after the financial crisis of 2008. The current crisis caused by Covid19 provides an opportunity to understand further the nature of regional economic resilience. It also provides an opportunity to analyse the urban-rural divide of economic resilience for two recessions. Research objective. There are two main objectives of this study Firstly, to understand if resilience to one recession provides a good indication of resilience to a subsequent recession. The second aim is to understand the urban-rural differences in regional economic resilience in Ireland. Data and methods. This is a quantitative study which uses data from the Irish Central Statistics Office regarding unemployment and population distribution. To understand economic resilience a sensitivity index is used and to check for correlation the Pearson coefficient is used. Results. Results show that there is no correlation between resilience to the financial crisis and resilience to the Covid19 crisis. Population distribution was not a determinant of resilience to the financial crisis. However, population distribution was a determinant of resilience to the Covid19 crisis. Counties with high population in ‘independent urban towns’ or ‘rural areas with moderate urban influence’ were more resilient while counties with high population in ‘satellite urban towns’ or ‘rural areas with high urban influence’ were more vulnerable. Conclusions. Economic resilience to one recession is not a good indication of resilience to future recessions. Counties with population in urban centres or more reliant on urban areas were less resilient to the Covid19 crisis.
COVID-19 mortality rate in Russian regions: forecasts and reality
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Lifshits Marina L. , Neklyudova Natalia P. ,   Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Science
Published: November 2020

Relevance. COVID-19 is an extremely dangerous disease that not only spreads quickly, but is also characterized by a high mortality rate. Therefore, prediction of the number of deaths from the new coronavirus is an urgent task. Research objective. The aim of the study is to provide a more accurate estimate of the real number of coronavirus-related deaths in Russian regions. Data and methods. The main research method is econometric modeling. Comparison of various data was also applied. The authors’ calculations were based on Rosstat data, the data of the World Bank and specialized sites with coronavirus statistics in Russia and in the world. Results. We identified the factors affecting the COVID-19 mortality rates in various countries were identified, assessed how much the official Russian statistics underestimated mortality in Russian regions, and provided predictive estimates of mortality as a result of the pandemic. We also determined the number of additional coronavirus-induced deaths. Conclusions. The official data on COVID-19 mortality in Russia underestimate the actual numbers more than twofold. The number of direct and indirect victims of the pandemic in Russia at the end of July was approximately 43 thousand people.
Regional effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and policy responses in Hungary
Authors:   CERS Institute for Regional Studies, Kovács Sándor Zsolt , Koós Bálint ,   CERS Institute for Regional Studies, Uzzoli Annamária ,   CERS Institute for Regional Studies, Páger Balázs ,   CERS Institute for Regional Studies, Egyed Ildikó ,   CERS Institute for Regional Studies
Published: November 2020

Relevance. The new coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) has brought major changes to everyday life and economy in 2020. The impacts of the pandemic are still difficult to measure and interpret. This paper analyses the key socio-economic factors that shaped the course of the pandemic and its regional effects in Hungary. Research objective. The aim of this paper is to provide a secondary data-based analysis of regional disparities in Hungary as well as the implications of the coronavirus pandemic and the related policy responses. Data and methodology. The analysis consisted of the three stages: first, we processed the official epidemiologic data related to the coronavirus pandemic and the territorial patterns of infections as well as the data on the socio-economic impacts of the lockdown (on retail trade, employment, tourism, local governments’ revenues, etc). Second, we collected the data related to the socio-economic effects of the pandemic and revealed the territorial impacts of the crisis. Finally, we evaluated the government’s measures and interventions introduced in the first wave of the pandemic in terms of their efficiency. Results. Our results demonstrate that while the epicentre of the pandemic was the capital city and its surrounding area, the socio-economic impacts of containment measures implemented by the Hungarian government were felt across the whole country. In some areas, the lockdown measures could have been unreasonably tight as no reasonable justification for these restrictions was provided. Therefore, territorial monitoring and development of regionally differentiated policies are the main tasks in preparation for further waves of the pandemic. In our opinion, it is necessary to devise an action plan that would regulate the protocols of prevention and protection in connection with the regional focal points (hospitals, nursing homes, schools, etc.) and their immediate surroundings. Conclusions. Although territorial aspects have been taken into account by the government in their efforts to contain the pandemic in Hungary, they have been given significantly less attention in terms of socio-economic support. Thus, as the article makes clear, it is important to devise and implement regionally differentiated policies of containment as well as socio-economic protection measures.
Challenges of small- and medium-sized businesses in Pakistan due to COVID-19 pandemic
Authors:   School of Business, Zhengzhou University, Shah Yasir , Liu Yumin ,   School of Business, Zhengzhou University, Shah Faiza ,   School of Business, Zhengzhou University, Shah Fadia ,   Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology
Published: November 2020

Relevance. Human health is essential to economic activity and social development. The rapid spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) all around the world can be particularly disastrous for low-income persons, which means that the pandemic poses a severe threat for developing countries. In Pakistan, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) were hit especially hard by the pandemic and lockdown restrictions. This research focuses on the economic challenges faced by Pakistan in combatting the impacts of the pandemic. Research objective.The purpose of the article is to identify the difficulties faced by SMEs as a result of the coronavirus infection Data and methods. The methodological approach presents an analysis of statistical data to show the main problems of the SME sector during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study used the data from the statistical report of the Ministry of Health of the Government of Pakistan (GOP), as well as the data from previous studies on the effects of COVID-19 pandemic. Results. The study identified problems for SMEs during COVID-19, such as the lack of capital and the lack of satisfactory business plans. Moreover, poverty is one of the most serious problems in Pakistan, which is why SMEs cannot afford prolonged isolation during the Covid-19 pandemic and individual entrepreneurs have to risk their lives for their families. The government of Pakistan has adapted steps to control the epidemic, however, so far there is no policy for small business investors. The authorities are still working on the policies for small business units. Conclusions. Although Pakistan has adopted many protective measures, the situation regarding measures to support SMEs still leaves much to be desired.The lack of state support contributes to the general economic crisis the country has faced due to the pandemic.
A modified banding technique: experience of a center
Authors: Cerqueira Sofia S. G. , Ferreira Joana M. , Fructuoso Mónica R. , Eusebio Catarina , Castro Rui A. , Morgado Teresa M.
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Background: A well-functioning vascular access is vital to patients on regular hemodialysis. Banding the access is indicated in high-flow-associated steal syndrome. It allows for the reduction of access flow while maintaining distal limb perfusion. Nonetheless, this procedure has some limitations as it can cause hemorrhage, infection, aneurysm formation, thrombosis of access in cases of overbanding, or otherwise insufficient reduction of vascular flow. Other surgical techniques to achieve the same benefit would be useful. Methods: We performed a modified banding technique without endovascular placement of the angioplasty balloon, which is a viable alternative to other techniques. This surgery was performed in patients on chronic dialysis with steal syndrome. Pre- and post-operative access flows were measured and resolution of symptoms was recorded. Primary patency rate was defined as the intervention-free access survival from the operative time. Results: We verified that this technique allowed for access flow reduction in all our six patients, with total resolution of symptoms in all patients. Primary patency rate at 12 months was 100%. No major complications were noted during our follow-up. Conclusions: This technique allows for correction of high-flow arteriovenous fistulas in an efficient and safe way, and can be a viable alternative to other banding procedures.
Panus lecomtei (Fr.) Corner (Agaricomycetes, Polyporales, Panaceae): primeira ocorrência no Estado do Piauí, Brasil
Authors: Nunes Maria das Graças Miranda , Cruz Mateus Oliveira da , Alves Maria Helena
Published: November 2020

RESUMO Este trabalho teve por objetivo estudar e divulgar Panus lecomtei (Fr.) Corner como primeira ocorrência para o Estado do Piauí. As coletas foram realizadas nas zonas rurais dos municípios de Joaquim Pires e Murici dos Portelas, comunidades Cipoal e Jenipapeiro, respectivamente. As expedições ocorreram no período de 2015 a 2017. O material foi fotografado, coletado e levado para o laboratório de Botânica da Universidade Federal do Piauí (Campus Ministro Reis Velloso), onde realizou-se a identificação pelo método clássico estudando as características macroscópicas com auxílio de microscópio estereoscópio e microscópicas sob microscópio óptico. Para armazenamento do material, o mesmo foi colocado em estufa para secagem. O espécime possui hábito solitário, agregado, encontrado em troncos em decomposição, com aspecto coriáceo, píleo e estipe pubescente. Himenóforo lamelado. As análises microscópicas demonstraram basídios com 4 esterigmas; basidiósporos elipsoides a ovoides; hifas generativas e esqueléticas; grampos de conexão evidentes e presença de queilocistídios e metulóides clavados. Os dados desta pesquisa vêm contribuir para a divulgação de Panus lecomtei como primeira ocorrência no Estado do Piauí e para o conhecimento micológico da região Nordeste do Brasil.
As sementes de Eugenia spp. (Myrtaceae) e seus novos conceitos sobre propagação
Authors: Amorim Isabela Pedroni , Silva João Paulo Naldi , Barbedo Claudio José
Published: November 2020

RESUMO O comportamento padrão esperado para as sementes, seja por leigos ou mesmo especialistas no assunto, é o de uma estrutura seca que, colocada em meio com suficiente disponibilidade de água, germina e produz uma nova planta, preservando a espécie. Contudo, há um gigantesco número de espécies que possuem sementes com comportamento totalmente diferente. Sementes que não podem sequer serem secas, denominadas recalcitrantes, são dispersas úmidas no meio e, ao longo da evolução das espécies, desenvolveram sistemas alternativos àqueles padrões esperados. Nesta revisão, procuramos demonstrar um dos mais complexos e interessantes sistemas de preservação de espécies com sementes recalcitrantes, nas espécies do gênero Eugenia, da família Myrtaceae. São abordados tanto a capacidade em regenerar embriões a partir de tecidos cotiledonares, quanto o controle extremamente eficiente em não desperdiçar material de reserva, evitando germinações simultâneas na mesma semente. Neste controle parecem estar envolvidas as espécies reativas de oxigênio (EROs), que também são revistas neste artigo.
Prospects for the Regional Cooperation in Central Asia
Authors:   Kazakh-American University, NURSEIIT Nurlan Aitkaliuly
Published: November 2020

The purpose of the article is to study the regional cooperation of the countries of Central Asia (CA) among themselves and with other regions, as well as finding ways to improve it. The study revealed that regional cooperation is still at a low level. Significant trading partners of Central Asia are currently the EU, China, Russia, and Turkey. The participation of the countries of the region in the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) and the Chinese "Belt and Road" initiative (BRI) did not lead to the expected results. The observed decline in trade in Central Asia is associated mainly with a decline in world prices for raw materials and not a change in physical volumes.
The use of the Arabic script in northern Mozambique
Authors: Bonate Liazzat J.K.
Published: November 2020

Northern Mozambican Muslim population has been using the Arabic script for writing in KiSwahili and local African languages for centuries. Even today, many people continue using this script in private correspondence. Despite the abundance of the documents in this script that are housed at the Mozambique Historical Archives as well as in private hands, these documents have never been addressed or researched either from linguistic, historical, cultural or religious vantage points. For the last seven years, the Archives have been trying to draw attention of the scholars and obtain funds for the preservation and research of the documents. In this article two short letters from the collection of the Mozambique Historical Archives are transcribed and translated with the help of a local shaykh who was educated within the regional historical Islamic literacy tradition. Then, the content and the protagonists of the letters were identified and analyzed with the reference to the historical context and the events of the time. Besides serving as the evidence for historical occurrences, the letters also provide a general public with a unique opportunity of “hearing the voices” of the authors and in their own words (in first person).
Esk'ia Mphahlele remembered
Authors: Thuynsma Peter N.
Published: November 2020

The phrase ‘affable to a fault’ could well be the severest understatement to characterise Esk’ia Mphahlele. He related warmly to everyone and did so with a natural and consummate ease. People meant everything to him and life was forever ripe with metaphor and analogy. He would cradle experiences, mull them over, toss them about, prod here and tickle there to extract and savour. All this coupled with a comical gait of flaying arms and a thunderous laughter made of him both a delightful caricature and a sage!
Waarom sou Prinsloo relevant wees vir ’n jonger geslag?
Authors: Cochrane Neil
Published: November 2020

Koos Prinsloo (1957–1994) was weens verskeie redes ’n omstrede figuur wat ’n aantal literêre grense verskuif het. Hy was ’n Afrikaanse kortverhaalskrywer van eerstes – die eerste om die skeidslyn tussen feit en fiksie radikaal te ondermyn, die eerste om etiese kodes rakende privaatheid, vriendskap en kollegialiteit in sy werk te verontagsaam, die eerste om die donker en brutale kant van homoseksuele identiteit oop te vlek, die eerste om in al sy vorme te wys “… hoe hard die liefde tussen mans moet wees”, die eerste om raak verbande tussen patriargale mag, politieke geweld en seksualiteit te lê en die eerste om vigs as tema in sy werk te ontgin. Oor hierdie en ander vernuwende aspekte in sy werk is reeds in enkele navorsingstudies berig waarvan die belangrikste seker Riana Scheepers se Koos Prinsloo: Die skrywer en sy geskryfdes (1998) is.
Reformulating dolus eventualis: Guidance from America and Germany
Authors: Hagglund Kirstin , Khan Franaaz
Published: November 2020

Dolus eventualis has correctly been described as an ‘enigma’. Not only has it been variously described by the courts, but the courts have applied the two-stage test without providing an in-depth analysis of what it means. Both dolus eventualis required for murder and conscious negligence required for culpable homicide, contain an element of subjective foresight of the remote possibility of death occurring. As a result, the distinction between murder and culpable homicide has become confused over the years, and is evident in the courts vacillating between findings of murder and culpable homicide. Considering the lack of clarity, this article examines the test for dolus eventualis in the case of murder and determines whether it can be more clearly distinguished from culpa, in the case of culpable homicide. German and American law and academic opinion is consulted in order to establish how the respective countries have dealt with the conflation of murder and negligent killings.
Cantar para vivir: un estudio del canto oral en adolescentes
Authors: Cueva Espita Maria Andrea , Córdoba González Loida , Alanía Pacovilca Rodolfo
Published: November 2020

El canto es una práctica natural del ser humano; desde la niñez hasta la adolescencia, la persona experimenta muchos cambios fisiológicos y anatómicos; no obstante, el cambio de voz provoca que muchos adolescentes no quieran continuar cantando o piensen que no pueden. Por ello, el objetivo del presente artículo es analizar las características, estrategias pedagógicas y beneficios del canto coral para los adolescentes. En esta perspectiva, se aborda el canto, luego se explica brevemente la anatomía y fisiología del mismo, adentrándose luego en la descripción de la voz y canto coral en adolescentes, didáctica del canto y los beneficios respectivos. Luego de revisar diferentes fuentes, se concluye que, a pesar de los diferentes cambios experimentados, conociendo y aplicando una técnica correcta, ayuda y desarrolla correctamente la voz, además el canto coral provee diferentes beneficios a nivel musical, académico, social, físico y de desarrollo personal.
POGGE’S ACCOUNT OF GLOBAL POVERTY AND RESPONSES FROM ELEMENTARY TEACHERS
Authors: PACAOL NIÑOVAL F.
Published: November 2020

It is the overriding objective of international organizations and some intellectuals to provide practical ways in solving the issue of global poverty. From a philosophical reading towards a qualitative design, this paper aims to answer the question of obligation among affluent countries and its people for the eradication of worldwide poverty as posed by some moral and political theorists. The research hinges on the guide and approach of Thomas Pogge’s account of Global Poverty. Then, using the descriptive method, the paper bridges the gap of a global issue to the fringes of local perspectives as it affects education and knowledge-production. Elementary teachers served as the participants of the study to gather responses concerning global perspectives on the issue. The following themes reflect the teachers’ responses: 1) prevalence of inequalities, 2) socioeconomic gain from discriminatory advantage, 3) creation of social problems, 4) quality of living as indication of progress, and 5) ‘we are in the same world’.
FIGHTING THE OLIGARCHS: PRESIDENT DUTERTE AND THE ARGUMENT AGAINST ELITE RULE – A PERSPECTIVE FROM THE ACADEME
Authors: MABOLOC CHRISTOPHER RYAN
Published: November 2020

The focus of this study is the radical politics of President Rodrigo Duterte. The leader has clashed with influential businessmen on critical issues. This investigation examines the president’s battle against the oligarchy in the country. This research will try show that the rise to power of the first president from Mindanao is a reaction to elite rule. It seeks to reveal that the style of leadership of Duterte is reflective of the historical context that the critics of the president fail to account for. In arguing the case for Duterte’s non-conventional approach in overhauling Philippine politics and society, the issues involving some conglomerates in the country are mentioned. In terms of method, the interpretive and analytical approach will be used, citing the available literature and documents to strengthen the article’s arguments. The significance of this study has something to do with the idea of good governance. It argues that in the pursuit of a truly democratic society, the foundations of the basic structure must be strengthened. The pragmatic leadership of Duterte is a reflection of the deeper kind of radical change or substantive transformation that is needed to fight elite rule.
(IN)VISIBLE CHILDREN AND COVID-19: HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN PUBLIC HEALTH ETHICS
Authors: KAHAMBING JAN GRESIL S.
Published: November 2020

This paper appraises the link of public health ethics to human trafficking, especially on children. Taking from the more visible reports of child deaths from the virus, I focus on child health as an emphasis on how during this COVID-19 crisis, abuse and violence are also there albeit hidden. The range of clandestine operations concerning this issue in the Philippines seem to be broad and persistent. While local emergency ethics focuses on varying ways that contextualize – and locate special visible forms of – vulnerabilities from local citizens amid disasters, some vulnerabilities arise only within shrouded and surreptitious set-ups in public health ethics. Recognizing the hazards that lie in carefully categorizing visible and invisible vulnerabilities, human trafficking that preys on children is one invisible vulnerability that might gradually be pending in the sidelines. With the myriad of concerns on different fronts, there is a greater risk that this furtive issue might be treated subpar with other public health ethical considerations.
THE UZBEK MODEL OF BIOETHICS: HISTORY AND MODERNITY
Authors: MUKHAMEDZHANOVNA MUKHAMEDOVA ZAMIRA , AKMALOVNA UMIRZAKOVA NARGIZA , NUGMANOVNA MAKHMUDOVA AZIZA
Published: November 2020

Modern biomedical ethics is based on a rich tradition of systematic moral thought, both philosophical and religious. In the XXI century, the interaction and synthesis of natural and humanitarian disciplines are of paramount importance in the system of biomedical education. One of the ways to solve this problem for future specialists is to study the foundations of biomedical ethics, the formation of a bioethical culture of future doctors. Among the ancient scientists of Central Asia who became famous in the field of medicine and pharmacy, a prominent place is occupied by Abuali Ibn Sino (Avicenna), whose life and work can serve as an example of national and historical identity, patriotic education of the youth of Uzbekistan. The emergence of such a phenomenon as the "Muslim Renaissance" and in this context the life and work of Avicenna, his role in the history of the development of medicine in Uzbekistan, are devoted to many, which, like others, were included in the materials of this study. A kind of bridge from ancient medicine to the medicine of the Renaissance and further to modern medicine was the legacy of doctors in Central Asia and Arab physicians. At present, the social, legal and economic aspects of ethical problems of key issues of bioethics in the field of health, medicine and biomedical technologies in the context of the Islamic faith continue to be studied.
Antrenör Pedagojik Yeterlik Ölçeğinin Türk Kültürüne Uyarlanması ve Genç Sporcuların Algılarına Göre Antrenörlerin Pedagojik Yeterliklerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: ŞİRİN Erkan Faruk , SEVİLMİŞ Ali
Published: November 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Zetter (2008) tarafından geliştirilen Genç Sporcularda Antrenör Pedagojik Yeterlik Ölçeğinin (Pädagogischer Kompetenzmaßstab des Trainers im Nachwuchsleistungssport-PKTN) Türk genç sporcu örnekleminde uyarlanması ve farklı branşlarda yer alan genç sporcuların antrenörleri ile ilgili pedagojik yeterlik algılarının farklı değişkenlere göre incelenmesidir. Verilerin analizinde dil ve kapsam geçerliliği için Davis tekniği kullanılmıştır. Yapı geçerliliği için Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (DFA), gruplar arası ortalama karşılaştırması için t testi ve tek yönlü varyans analizi teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Türkçe formun 4 farklı branşta yer alan toplam 461 genç sporcudan elde edilen veriler üzerinden yapılan doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonuçları (X2 /sd =3,89 RMSEA=0.079) PKTN’nin empati ve dikkat, destek veya dayanışmanın engellenmesi, pozitif geri bildirim, sosyal destek, demokratik antrenman iklimi ve hedef odaklı antrenman alt boyutlarından oluşan altı faktörlü modeli ile veri uyumunun desteklendiği görülmekle birlikte özgün ölçekle benzer bir yapıya sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak PKTN’nin Türk sporcuların antrenörlerinin pedagojik algılarını ölçmede, ilgili araştırmalarda kullanılmaya uygun geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu görülmüştür. Çalışmanın ikinci aşamasında ise yine 4 farklı branşta (hentbol, voleybol, futbol, basketbol) yer alan toplam 505 genç sporcuya ulaşılmış ve genç sporcuların cinsiyet, yaş ve antrenörün cinsiyeti değişkenlerine göre incelenmiştir. Analizler sonucunda genç sporcuların antrenörlerinin pedagojik yeterlikleri ile ilgili algılarında, empati ve dikkat, pozitif geri bildirim, sosyal destek ve hedef odaklı antrenman davranışlarında kadın sporcuların lehine anlamlı bir fark görülmüştür.
Analysis of Philosophical Problems in Translation Studies
Authors: Yao Mingfa
Published: November 2020

Translation studies are closely related to philosophical theories. Each translation research theory or paradigm has its philosophical basis and each philosophical theoretical trend will have different degrees of influence on the theoretical development of translation studies. From the research paradigm of translation theories, this paper selects general philosophical issues, such as the relationship between subject and object in translation, relativism and general rationalism in the study of translation theory, constructivism and deconstruction, and elaborates their relationships.
Blended Learning in English Instruction---A Case Study of English Department in NCEPU
Authors: Zhe Guo
Published: November 2020

Blended learning, which is proved to have a promising future, has incomparable advantages in learning and teaching practice. Taking English Department of North China Electric Power University as a case, the status quo of blended learning in college English learning and teaching has been investigated by adopting questionnaires and interviews. The results show that although both students and teachers have rigid demand for blended learning, the satisfactory degree is low. Implications and suggestions are further given to make improvement in terms of multimedia application, teachers, students and managers. By taking both students and teachers into consideration, a comparatively complete description of the status quo of blended learning in English Department of NCEPU has been formed, which set a good example for other departments and at the same time motivates the whole school to update their learning and teaching patterns.
Dirt of Art in Madame Bovary
Authors: Yeasmin Nellufar
Published: November 2020

Flaubert’s Madame Bovary is a unique literary piece that incorporates aestheticism and witty disposure to Emma’s complex reality. The pronounced acceptance and reputation of the novel despite of a prolonged period of criticism proves that the universal appeal of this French novel lies in the artistic and tactful disclosure (in precisely calculative and measured style) of the dark secrets of a feminine mind. The fact that the English translation of this ingenious creation is so influential attests the superiority of its quality in French. The splendor of the narration overreaches the boundaries of life, experience and death and abounds in the exaltation of becoming a masterpiece. This article illustrates the features that make the manuscript so overwhelmingly “dirty” yet inviting. In course of appreciating the novel, the prospects of readers’ fascination and the author’s intentions are also evaluated from the archive of appreciations of the book. The richness of the story is imparted by the pragmatic effect of the objective correlatives in Falubert’s style and the details of the emotional intensities. This study urges to dismantle the complicated value of literature in realizing life. It also reinforces the poetic justice to prevail where art must exist for its sole sake. Emma, the centre of interest in Madame Bovary, is the ambassador of human beings who fail to achieve the mused state of their existence. Flaubert with his strokes of wisdom and dexterous artistic maneuver reveals the ultimate paradox of anarchy in the social conventions designed to annihilate the self in order to discover it. This study unfolds how the story of shame and guilt turns into an allegory of life by the writer’s magic wand.
Subjectivation through the Name-of-the-Father: A Lacanian Reading of William Faulkner’s A Rose for Emily
Authors: Wang Szu-Han
Published: November 2020

This paper aims to interpret how the protagonist in William Faulkner’s A Rose for Emily is re-identified under her father and the public’s repression, and to apply Lacan’s theory of “Name-of-the-Father” within two functions: to love and  forbid, to analyze how subjectivation takes place regarding a woman in a conservative American southern society. The short story begins with the whole town’s going to Emily Grieison’s funeral and “male” participants are especially stressed on possessing “respectful affection” for her. In such traditional society, it is a common phenomenon that women repressed by patriarchal hegemony live without subjectivity but in Emily’s burial rite, she is finally regarded a “fallen monument” instead of a desubjectivated individual. Emily even represents the “hereditary obligation and duty” in the town where simultaneously a black woman is not allowed to appear on the street without an apron. Due to the female protagonist’s surviving in such social background filled with sexism, the unusual outcome of Emily’s playing a representative “monument” among conservative southerners has aroused the significant issue that how subjectivation ultimately happens to a woman repressed by patriarchy.
The Negative Influence of Turkish Series’ Dubbing on Algerian Adolescents
Authors: ABDERRAZAG Sara Habib , Kazi-Tani Lynda
Published: November 2020

Recently, the world has become a small village, mainly due to media and its impact on people. In the Arab world, a special attention starts to be given to dubbed serials, the Turkish ones in particular. The latter have influenced the culture of many categories of viewers, including adolescents. Thus, the focal point of this study is to shed light on Algerian Adolescents’ motives for watching Turkish dubbed series and how the latter affect their way of thinking and behaviour. The present paper will mainly highlight the negative effects for it has been noticed that a great change is taking place on the part of Algerian adolescents. To reach this aim and to better explore the situation, a questionnaire will be conducted for a group of adolescents.
An Experimental Study of College English Teaching under the Production-Oriented Approach in NCEPU
Authors: Ren Junhong , Wang Na
Published: November 2020

This study examines the effectiveness of production-oriented approach in college English reading and writing teaching. Sixty-eight students in their first-year study participated in this study. They were assigned the control group (CG, thirty-four students from the discipline of power engineering) and the experimental group (EG, thirty-four students from the discipline of electronic engineering). Pre-test indicated no significant difference between CG and EG in terms of reading and writing performance. During the teaching experiment, the two groups were taught under the traditional teaching approach and POA respectively. Subsequent post-test revealed that CG showed significant increase in reading skills as compared to EG, and that no significant difference was found between CG and EG in writing scores, but EG in general did much better in word choices, content and structure in writing. Possible reasons for the findings are explained and further suggestions for implementing POA effectively are put forward.
The Evolving Self of an Alienated Youth in Ruskin Bond’s “The Room on the Roof”
Authors: Silwal Deepa
Published: November 2020

This paper examines the growth of Rusty, a teenager alienated protagonist of Ruskin Bond’s novel “The Room on the Roof”, whose gradual development from alienation to self-governance finally provides him with his own self-identity or subjectivity. Alienation, here, means the moment of abjection; however, as a captivating force, it also portrays the gradual process of the evolving self of the protagonist. While doing so, this paper basically focuses on the Theory of Abjection and the Kegan’s Constructive Developmental View as the center of critical attention, while remarkably little attention has been paid to supporting critics as well. Thus, this paper by the end provides us an innovative perspective to perceive adolescent’s identity formation process; focusing on how within abject, in the process of reification, the discarded youth Rusty has resilience and reformative ability to develop own subjective ‘self’.
Examining the Effects of the Ragged School in Literature
Authors: Guarneri Cristina
Published: November 2020

The ability to educate all children, despite social class was an important responsibility. However, some of these problems included social problems that had been faced by poor children during this Victorian Era. Charles Dickens encountered the ragged schooling, which made a lasting impact upon him and is said to have been a significant element in his writing of A Christmas Carol. It was through Charles Dickens’ legacy was using his novels and other works to reveal a world of poverty and unimaginable struggles. His vivid descriptions of the life of street children in the city, workhouses and Yorkshire boarding schools lead to many reforms. Although “Ragged” Schools began to grow and were seen as a movement. For many who would not have been able to have an education, authors such as Charles Dickens, was able to receive a free education and a betterment of life for the poor, that would and will, even today, inspire others to do something to help those suffering in oppression and poverty.
The effect of podcast on vocabulary learning of elementary EFL students
Authors: Angouti Saeid
Published: November 2020

The present research which is within the domain of computer-assisted language learning (CALL) will try to show the effect of using podcasting on vocabulary learning of elementary EFL learners. In this experiment, the researcher will go through a pretest-posttest control group design to find out the effect of using podcasts on an experimental group in comparison with a common way of teaching vocabulary in the control group where the teacher presents a list of the same words by writing on the board, repeating and translating them. The participants of this study will be at the elementary level. In order to have relatively the same level of language proficiency, an Oxford Placement test (OPT) is going to be used at the beginning of the research. At the end of the semester (after 2 months), both groups will be examined by the same multiple-choice test to assess their performance on the material. The results will show whether using podcast has any effect in developing knowledge of vocabulary.
The Role of Counselling in English Language Teaching
Authors: Britto M. John
Published: November 2020

Counselling plays a significant role in bringing out a remarkable change in an individual’s personal and professional life. It has entered a number of domains including education. As human problems are mushrooming day by day in this hi-tech world, there is a dire need for finding solutions to those problems. It is counselling that comes to one’s aid to solve one’s problems that are psychological and personal. In English language teaching and learning too, there are multiple problems encountered by teachers and students as well. This paper discusses how counselling is indispensable to English Language Teaching (ELT) for finding solutions to problems faced by English language learners. Exploring the relevance of counselling to ELT, it also seeks to highlight the benefits of integrating it with ELT. It brings out the need for introspection of English language teachers to provide counselling to students. It enumerates various counselling skills, and presents an account of problem-solving method in ELT and eight approaches to counselling.
Structure of Body Parts in Meiteiron
Authors: Singh Yumnam Aboy , Devi Naorem Brindebala
Published: November 2020

This paper mainly concentrates on the structure of body parts which have been practiced from the early days in Meitei Society. Therefore the study is very important aspect of this field and it will also give a deep knowledge insight into the element of structural language, philosophical culture,, belief, thought etc. of the Meitei Society.
Arvind Adiga's The White Tiger: An Exposition of the Neo-imperial India and Subaltern Resistance
Authors: Parray Ashaq Hussain
Published: November 2020

Arvind Adiga's The White Tiger has not been received favorably by some Indians, for it seemingly portrays India in shambles. The novel purposefully, however, exemplifies the ramifications of continuation of imperial structures of economy, polity and culture. Adiga, as a true cultural critic, is vividly providing the subaltern subjects an impetus to resist, subvert or idealize the existing democratic structures, otherwise there will be further subjugation of the subaltern denizens. They will be choked by the existing bureaucratic capitalism. The present system will breed further injustice, violence and corruption that will have devastating effects on the seemingly happy, independent nature of India. The present paper aims at scrutinizing the neo-imperial web of the novel, and thereby providing an insight into the sham pretenses of thriving democratic system, which is actually bureaucratic capitalism. The novel's protestant hero is just a question mark on the false glimmer that is projected by the elite agencies of India through media.
The Arabic Origins of "Basque and Finnish Pronouns": A Radical Linguistic Theory Approach
Authors: Jassem Zaidan Ali
Published: November 2020

This paper investigates the Arabic origins of Basque and Finnish pronouns mainly and Basque verbs to be/have secondarily from a Radical Linguistic Theory perspective, a slightly revised version of Lexical Root Theory. The data consists of personal and demonstrative pronouns in Finnish and Basque in the main and verbs to be/have in the latter. The results show that Finnish and Basque pronouns have true Arabic cognates, with the same or similar forms and meanings. Their formal differences, however, result from natural and plausible causes and different courses of linguistic change. For example, Basque ni 'I', Finnish mina/mä ‘I', and Arabic ana (ani, inni) 'I' are identical cognates, in the second of which /m/ split from /n/; Finnish sina/Te'you' come from Arabic anta/-ta 'you' via reversal and turning /t/ into /s/; similarly, Basque zu 'you' is derived from Arabic -ta/-ka (iaka) 'you (nom./acc.) where /k/ became /z/, which compares very easily with Old English ge 'you' and German Sie 'you'; Finnish reflexive itse 'self' is from Arabic dhaat(i) 'myself' via reordering and replacing /dh/ by /s/. Third person pronouns in both languages are originally demonstrative pronouns, which is similar to what happens in English and Indo-European languages and Chinese as well, all of which come from Arabic dha/ti 'this'. Similarly, all Basque verbs to be/havehave true and identical Arabic (and English, German, Latin) cognates. As a consequence, the results indicate, contrary to Comparative Method claims, that Arabic, Basque and Finnish are genetically related, leading to the postulation of a single, perfect, sudden world language, which may be called Radical or Root Language, from which all human languages descended. The Radical Language could not have died out at all but has instead survived into modern languages, having been preserved almost intact in Arabic. They, therefore, prove the adequacy of the radical linguistic or lexical root theory according to which Arabic, Basque, and Finnish are genetically related besides English, German, French, Latin, Greek, Sanskrit, and Mandarin Chinese which have already been found to be dialects of the same language with Arabic being their origin all because of its phonetic capacity or complexity, huge lexical variety and multiplicity, and linguistic permanence or sustainability.
Nawal El Saadawi and the Woman Question
Authors: Daniel Iyabode Omolara
Published: November 2020

The society is a unit. The literature of many people reflects this reality. To an extent, Saadawi tries to do this in presenting the woman question in her two fictions here considered. It is however observed that she fails to reflect the truth holistically in her one dimensional characterisation structure. She whole-heartedly condemns the male characters and brazenly justifies the female ones. This paper is therefore a critique of her anti-sexist sexism. Not overlooking the fact that Saadawi’s concerns are real, the paper tries to show that the unit, which the society represents, consists of more than one sex. It thus calls for the mobilisation of such instruction avenues while not leaving the re-orientation of the whole social structure towards the equality of the sexes.