bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of Different Types of PDA Culture Media on the Mycelial Growth of Shimeji Mushroom
Authors: Musika Araya
Published: October 2023

This experiment aims to compare different types of PDA culture media recipes, including potato, sweet potato, pumpkin, and sugar banana, for their effects on the growth of Shimeji mushroom mycelium. It also aims to provide alternative options for formulating culture media for Shimeji mushroom spawn cultivation. A completely randomized design (CRD) was employed for the experiment, with four treatments and five replicates each, as follows: (T1) potato-based media; (T2) sweet potato-based media; (T3) pumpkin-based media; (T4) sugar banana-based media. Data collection involved daily measurements of the length (in centimeters) and width (in centimeters) for a period of seven days. After the experiment concluded, data analysis was conducted to determine the variation and compare the mean values of the treatments using Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) and package software. The experimental results showed that over a period of 3, 5, and 7 days, the potato-based media (T1) exhibited the highest growth of Shimeji mushroom mycelium and the highest mycelium density values, measuring 6.2000, 3.2000, and 0.0000a (density scale +++). The pumpkin-based media (T3) had lower mean values of 0.9000, 3.1600, and 0.0000a (density scale +) for mycelium growth and density. Therefore, it can be concluded that among the four PDA media recipes tested over a period of 3, 5, and 7 days, the potato-based media (T1) demonstrated the highest mycelium growth and density values of approximately 6.2000, 3.2000, and 0.0000a  (density scale +++).
Copper And Zinc Mining Tailings as A Partial Replacement for Cement to Increase the Compressive Strength of Concrete
Authors: Vallejos Carlos Magno Chavarry , Rodríguez Joaquín Samuel Támara , Reyes Liliana Janet Chavarría , Serrano Jackeline Carol Escobar , Lindo Marco Antonio Silva , Giraldo Russell Darcy Leyva , Huerta David Minaya , González Carla Grisselle Poma
Published: October 2023

This study uses copper and zinc mining waste from mining activity as a partial substitute for cement in the concrete mix. This initiative seeks to strengthen the compressive strength of concrete. Copper and zinc waste can partially replace the cement content in concrete due to meeting the necessary physical and chemical requirements. In addition, these residues promote the formation of binders that improve the hydration of Portland cement. This approach improves the physical and mechanical properties of concrete and its durability. It also has economic and environmental advantages, as it uses copper and zinc waste from mining operations. Obtaining copper involves processing minerals from mines, which may contain copper oxides or sulfides. The rock is milled to obtain copper and zinc; these elements are separated using water, air, and other chemicals. The resulting by-products are stored in mining waste deposits that comply with current regulations. As for the research methodology, a deductive approach with applied orientation and a quantitative approach is followed. A retroactive data collection instrument is used to describe and explain the process. The optimal percentage of joint incorporation of copper and zinc residues from mining activity is around 10% and 5%, respectively. If you want to use only copper waste, you could reach up to 30%, while zinc waste can be incorporated in a maximum of 5%. In addition, it is observed that incorporating lead and zinc residues by 40% instead of cement increases compressive strength by 18%.
Properties of the coefficient estimators for the linear regression model with heteroskedastic error term
Authors: Račkauskas Alfredas , Zuokas Danas
Published: October 2023

In this paper we present estimated generalized least squares (EGLS) estimator for the coefficient vector β in the linear regression model y = βX + ε, where disturbance term can be heteroskedastic. For the heteroskedasticity of the changed segment type, using Monte-Carlo method, we investigate empirical properties of the proposed and ordinary least squares (OLS) estimators. The results show that the empirical covariance of the EGLS estimators is smaller than that of OLS estimators.
Estimation of parameters for the stochastic linear delay growth law through the L1 distance procedure
Authors: Rupšys Petras
Published: October 2023

This paper considered deterministic and stochastic delayed linear growth laws for the modeling of the process of growth.  For the estimation of parameters the L1 distance procedure was proposed. As an illustrative experience was used a real data set from repeated measurements on permanent sample plots of pine stands in Lithuania.
Research Ethics in Pregnancy: The Maternal-Fetal Dyad
Authors: Haward Marlyse F. , Lucena Michelle H. , Fuloria Mamta
Published: October 2023

Pregnant persons and their physicians often make decisions for health care without clinical evidence to guide their choices. Years of exclusionary practices in research, dominated by fears of fetal harm, have resulted in limited evidence on therapies for pregnancy-specific conditions. It has also eroded pregnant persons’ rights as autonomous individuals capable of weighing risks and benefits to make choices for themselves and their infants based on sound evidence. A paradigm shift from “routine exclusion” to “fair inclusion” of pregnant persons in clinical trials is needed to ensure that ethical principles are upheld when undertaking research in this population. This article will provide a brief review of the historical aspects of clinical research ethics for pregnant persons, focus on some key concepts within the context of the maternal-fetal dyad, and include a recent example from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic to understand how society has interpreted tensions among the ethical principles of justice, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and autonomy.

Note: This review uses the term “pregnant person(s)” to include women and people who are pregnant and do not identify themselves as women.
Pediatric Shock Review
Authors: Bjorklund Ashley , Resch Joseph , Slusher Tina
Published: October 2023

Shock occurs when there is energy failure due to inadequate oxygen/glucose delivery to meet metabolic demands. Shock is a leading cause of death and disability in children worldwide. Types of shock include hypovolemic, cardiogenic, distributive, and obstructive. This review provides an overview of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical signs and symptoms of each of these types of shock, followed by a discussion of advancements in diagnostic tests and tools and management/treatment principles for different categories of shock.
Egy ritka kórkép, a vena poplitea aneurysma kezelési lehetőségeinek áttekintése egy eset kapcsán
Authors: Szabó Dorottya , Varga Bence Attila , Nagy Csaba Balázs , Jancsó Gábor , Kasza Gábor , Benkő László , Fazekas Gábor
Published: October 2023

Bevezetés: A vena poplitea aneurysma kifejezetten ritka, de akár
életet veszélyeztető kórkép lehet, mivel emboliaforrásként mélyvénás thrombosis
és tüdőembolia kialakulásához vezethet. A betegség sok esetben tünetmentes
marad, de utalhat rá fájdalom, postthromboticus szindróma, krónikus vénás
elégtelenség. Kellő tapasztalattal rendelkező vizsgáló orvos esetében a
trombotizált aneurysma a térdhajlatban tapintható duzzanatként is felismerésre
kerülhet. Diagnosztikájában első tájékozódó vizsgálatként a duplex
ultrahangvizsgálat, később a CT-, illetve MR-venográfia játszik szerepet.
Célkitűzés: Tanulmányunk célja a nemzetközi irodalom
áttekintése és a lehetséges kezelési lehetőségek ismertetése, valamint egy saját
esetünk bemutatása. Esetbemutatás: A 62 éves nőbetegnél direkt
antikoaguláns terápia mellett lezajlott recidív tüdőembolia hátterében alsó
végtagi duplex ultrahang, majd MR-angiográfia igazolta a jobb oldali vena
poplitea 2,5 × 5 cm-es, saccularis, részben trombotizált aneurysmáját. Műtéti
megoldásként klinikánkon a jelen esetben az aneurysma reszekcióját és
venorrhaphiát végeztünk. A beteg utánkövetése során a
kontroll-ultrahangvizsgálaton jó mélyvénás áramlást láttunk. A 6 hónappal később
készült kontroll-MR-vizsgálat jó áramlást igazolt szűkület nélkül. Posztoperatív
szövődmény nem fordult elő. Megbeszélés és irodalmi áttekintés:
A betegség patomechanizmusa mindeddig tisztázatlan. A vena poplitea aneurysma
kezelésében a konzervatív terápia vagy a műtéti megoldás játszhat szerepet,
ugyanakkor sem a szövődményes, sem a szövődménymentes esetek ellátására
vonatkozóan nincs konszenzus. A posztoperatív antikoagulálás módjára és
időtartamára vonatkozóan sincs egyértelmű állásfoglalás.
Következtetés: Visszatérő tüdőembolia esetén gondolni kell
a vena poplitea aneurysma fennállásának lehetőségére. A kezdeti diagnózishoz jól
használható a noninvazív, széles körben elérhető ultrahangvizsgálat. A
konzervatív kezelés mellett műtét elvégzésének lehetősége mérlegelhető. Az
általunk alkalmazott műtéti technika a bemutatott eset kapcsán sikeresnek
bizonyult. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(39): 1544–1549.
A depresszió klinikai képe és differenciáldiagnosztikája időskorban
Authors: Szekeres Tamás , Perczel-Forintos Dóra , Kresznerits Szilvia
Published: October 2023

Az időskori depresszió gyakran aluldiagnosztizált, noha az egyik vezető mentális
egészségügyi problémát jelenti ebben az életkorban. Felismerése és megfelelő
kezelése kiemelt jelentőségű, hiszen az idősek körében a depresszió jelentősen
rontja az életminőséget, számos krónikus betegségcsoportban növeli a morbiditást
és a mortalitást. Emellett elsődleges kockázati tényező a más életkori
csoportokhoz képest, akár háromszor gyakrabban fordul elő befejezett
öngyilkosságban. Nem szisztematikus (narratív) összefoglaló tanulmányunkban
röviden áttekintjük idős betegek körében a depresszió klinikai képét és
differenciáldiagnosztikáját, továbbá a szűrés és a kezelés legfőbb szempontjait.
A tüneti kép jellegzetességei és a kórkép specifikus lefolyása ebben az
életkorban számos módszertani kérdést vet fel, melyek további empirikus
vizsgálatok tárgyát képezhetik. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(39): 1537–1543.
Analysis of Chest Disease Consultations Requested by an Emergency Unit in Summer and Winter Months
Authors: ÇORAPLI Gökhan , ÇİL Ercan
Published: October 2023

Aim: This study aims to show seasonal differences by analysing the chest disease consultations requested by an emergency unit in summer (June, July, and August) and winter (December, January, and February) months.

Methods: Patients over the age of 18 years who were directed by an emergency unit to the Department of Chest Diseases between 1 December 2021 and 31 August 2022 and whose thoracic computerized tomography results were available were included in the study. Variables such as the patients’ demographic characteristics, complaints, results of the examinations done in the emergency unit, hospitalization rates, place of hospitalization (hospital ward or intensive care), and pre-diagnosis before hospitalization were evaluated. The statistical significance level was accepted as p < 0.05 in all calculations and statistical analysis of the data was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics 26 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA).

Results: For the 409 patients included in this study, more consultations were requested in the winter months (n = 239, 58.4%). We identified significant differences between the seasonal groups in terms of the complaints and the additional radiological imaging findings of patients consulted in summer and winter months (p < 0.05). The most common complaint in both seasons was shortness of breath. Pleural effusion was less common among the additional radiological findings of both seasons.

Conclusion: This study has revealed significant differences between seasonal groups in terms of complaints and additional radiological imaging findings of patients with consultations in summer and winter months. However, there were no significant differences between the seasonal groups in terms of age, sex, pre-diagnosis, place of hospitalization, or main radiological findings.
Whole Genome Sequence Analysis of Six SARS-CoV-2 Positive Patients Followed in a Tertiary University Hospital
Authors: KEPENEK KURT Esma , ÖZDEMİR Mehmet , ESENKAYA TAŞBENT Fatma , ERAYMAN İbrahim
Published: October 2023

Aims: In this study, we aimed to determine mutations in the gene sequence of this virus, by performing whole genome sequence analysis from patient samples found positive by actual RT-PCR (PCR) for SARS-CoV-2.

Methods: The study included six adult patient samples with different clinical manifestations with positive PCR tests for SARS-CoV-2, between June 01, 2020, and March 12, 2021. Sequence knowledge of all samples/testers has been loaded into the GISEAD (Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data) data system. Clade Analysis, Genome Analysis, Variant Analysis, and Phylogenetic Tree Analysis were conducted.

Results: 3 of the patients were women (female), and three were men(male), with the mean age of 42.5 years old (between 20 - 61). Totally 71 mutations were specified in 6 adult patients. By the Pangolin lineage, three of the patients were B.1.177, two were B.1, one was of B1.36 lineage. By the Pango lineage, two of the patients were B.1.609, one was B.177, one was B.1.36. By the Nexstrain Clade, four of the patients were 20A and two were of 19A lineage. No D614G mutation was detected in any of the patients. While five patients recovered, one patient with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma died.

Conclusion; The patients were detected in the commonly found 'Non-VOC' group. Therefore, variants could not be associated with the clinical status and prognosis of the patients. However, it is thought that the data obtained contribute to both global and national SARS-CoV-2 data.
Unveiling the Prognostic Significance of Immature Granulocytes and Nucleated Red Blood Cells in Geriatric Pneumonia Severity and Mortality Outcomes
Authors: AKAY ÇİZMECİOGLU Hilal , GÖKTEPE Mevlüt Hakan , CİZMECİOGLU Ahmet
Published: October 2023

Aim: The progression of pneumonia in the senior-age population can be catastrophic. Biomarkers capable of assessing the severity of pneumonia play a pivotal role in prognosis. We conducted an evaluation of the kinetics of immature granulocytes (IG) and nucleated red blood cells (NRBC) as potential indicators of the severity of geriatric pneumonia.

Materials & Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, patients diagnosed with pneumonia were categorized using two prominent severity scoring systems, CURB-65 (Confusion, Urea, Respiratory rate, Blood pressure, age >65) and PSI (Pneumonia severity index). Additionally, the patients' discharge status and infection process markers were noted.

Results: A total of 80 patients were included in the evaluation, with a mean age of 72.23 ± 7.26. Excluding the mortality rate of 49% when including oncology patients, the overall mortality rate was 26%. The deceased patients had longer hospitalization durations, higher CURB-65 and PSI category classifications, and elevated NRBC results. In CURB-65-based categorization, there was an increase only in NRBC levels associated with disease severity, whereas, in PSI-based categorization, there was an increase in both NRBC and IG levels. No statistical difference was observed in NRBC and IG levels when excluding oncology patients from the analysis.

Conclusion: In geriatric pneumonia cases, the dynamics of NRBC appear to be more crucial in indicating disease severity compared to IG. However, this opportunity seems to be missed or compromised in patients with oncological comorbidities.
Evaluation of Scientific Publications on Osteoblastoma Published between 2000 and 2022
Authors: YILMAZ Selçuk , KURT Mehmet
Published: October 2023

Objective: The aim of this bibliometric study was to review the scientific outputs published between 2000 and 2022 on osteoblastoma, a benign aggressive bone tumor.

Methods: Scientific research articles on osteoblastoma published between 2000 and 2022 were targeted and data were obtained from the Web of Science database. The data obtained were analyzed and visualized using bibliometric programs.

Results: A total of 679 articles about osteoblastoma published between 2000-2022 met our inclusion criteria. Most of the articles on osteoblastoma (n=48) were published in 2020. There was no noteworthy peak in the trend of the number of publications between 2000 and 2022. These articles cited 10366 times in total and 15.27 times per article. At least 62 various countries and regions took part in osteoblastoma publishing research over the past 22 years. The United States (192) was the largest contributor to osteoblastoma publications followed by China (60), India (51), Italy (50), and Turkey (46). The United States was the country that published the most publications in all years between 2000 and 2022. Especially China's publications increased in 2022. The United States was also the country with the highest level of publication collaboration (such as citation and co-authorship) among countries.

Conclusion: The number of published articles is well below the expected level. Although the number of scientific publications from China has increased in recent years, the United States still ranks first.
Threat of mpox (monkeypox) outbreak after the COVID-19 pandemic: are healthcare professionals ready for new psychological wars?
Authors: ÇELİK Mehmet , ACAR Ufuk , AKGUL Fethiye , ARSLAN Yusuf , CEYLAN Mehmet Reşat
Published: October 2023

Aims: In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the psychological status of healthcare professionals regarding the COVID-19 pandemic, and to examine their perspectives and knowledge levels regarding the mpox epidemic.

Methods: Having a cross-sectional design, the present study was carried out by using questions addressing sociodemographic characteristics of healthcare professionals, their experiences with the COVID-19 pandemic, and their knowledge and anxiety levels regarding mpox.

Results: 202 healthcare professionals were involved in the present study. Of the participants, 55% were female and the mean age was 35.0±7.7 years. The majority (63.4%) of the participants were midwives/nurses/medical assistants. Of the participants, 68.8% were infected by COVID-19 during the pandemic. Considering the questions addressing their level of knowledge about mpox, 44.1% of participants stated that they had never heard of this disease before. Participants were found to have mainly moderate levels of depression and anxiety and low level of stress, whereas the ratios of very severe depression and anxiety were 5.0% and 7.4%, respectively.

Conclusion: It was determined that almost half of the participants had no full knowledge of the disease before the increase in mpox cases. It was found that the participants varying levels of depression, anxiety, and stress about a new pandemic. We think that it is important to provide healthcare professionals with psychosocial support, make effort in order to determine and eliminate the sources of psychological negativities.
A Comparison of Curettage Only and Curettage with Electrocautery After Partial Matrixectomy for Ingrowing Toenail
Authors: ŞİŞMAN Ali , ÖNER Rıdvan , AVCİ Özgür , ÇEPNİ Serdar Kamil
Published: October 2023

Aim: Ingrowing toenail is a very common disease which causes workforce losses. Although different techniques have been described in surgical treatment, one of the most frequently preferred methods is partial matrixectomy. The aim of this study was to compare the two techniques of curettage only and curettage together with electrocautery(C&E) used in addition to partial matrixectomy in ingrowing toenail surgery.

Methods: Patients who were operated for ingrown nails between 2018 and 2022 were evaluated retrospectively. Two groups were formed of 43 patients applied with curettage only and 35 patients applied with C&E. The groups were compared in respect of operating time, postoperative complications and clinical results.

Results: No significant difference was determined between the groups in respect of age, gender, affected side, classification, follow-up time, surgical duration and recovery time. Recurrence rate was higher in the curettage group (p=0.020) It occurred in 9 (20.9%) cases in the curettage group, while it occurred in 1 (2.9%) case in the C&E group. In the curettage group, the duration of erythema was observed to be significantly longer (p
Assessment of the Attitudes and Changes in Attitudes of Individuals Aged 65 and Over Toward the Vaccine After Being Informed About COVID-19 Vaccines
Authors: ŞİMŞEK Erhan , ASLANER Hümeyra , ÖZSAYDI Seçkin , BENLİ Ali Ramazan
Published: October 2023

Aim: Study aimed to assess the states of getting the vaccine and attitudes of the population at the age of 65 and above who was at the risk group in terms of mortality caused by COVID-19 after being informed about the COVID-19 vaccines.

Method: Data, retrospectively scanned. Study population consisted of individuals aged 65 and above who were authorized to get the vaccine in the city center of Kayseri and who had not gotten the COVID-19 vaccine yet by the 1st of June 2021.

Results: According to the decisions of getting the vaccine after phone calls, 45% of the participants decided to get the vaccine while 42.9% stated that they would not get the vaccine. mRNA vaccine was the most preferred vaccine (35.4%) after the phone calls.

Conclusion: Results of study reveal that the attitude toward COVID-19 vaccine can be affected by many personal and non-personal factors.
The Evaluation of Testes by Shear Wave Elastography in Patients with Isolated Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism
Authors: DERE Osman , KARAASLAN Hüseyin
Published: October 2023

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate testicular stiffness by shear wave elastography (SWE) in patients with isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH) and to compare it with healthy controls.

Methods: In this prospective study, 35 patients with IHH (group 1) and 40 healthy controls (group 2) were evaluated. These two groups were compared in terms of age, testicular volume, and SWE values. In a subsequent analysis, IHH patients were divided into 3 groups: those who were newly diagnosed and did not receive any treatment (group A), those who received testosterone replacement (group B), and those who received human chorionic gonadotrophin alpha (hCG) (group C). Testicular volumes and SWE values were also compared between these subgroups.

Results: Testicular volumes were significantly lower in group 1 than in group 2 (p
Proverb Comprehension in Primary Progressive Aphasia
Authors: YAŞA İbrahim Can , KARALI Fenise Selin
Published: October 2023

Aim: Proverb comprehension was tested in 22 patients with primary progressive aphasia utilizing idiom explanation task. The aim of this study was to determine proverb comprehension in PPA patients using the Proverb Scale.

Material and Methods: To assess the participants, Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale, the Pyramid and Palm Trees test and the Proverb Scale were used.

Results: As a result of statistical analysis, there was a significantly difference between svPPA and lvPPA regarding idiom comprehension scores, the Pyramid and Palm Trees Test Scores and MoCA scores.

Conclusion: It is an important study to understand how the abstraction in PPA works regarding the language. In PPA subtypes, semantic memory, proverb and MoCA scores were significantly different between logopenic and semantic variants. Although MoCA and proverb comprehension were correlated in svPPA, no correlation was found in lvPPA. With similar studies in the field, it would be possible to better explain the effects of PPA, a disorder characterized by language disorders.
Clinical Outcomes of Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy in the Respiratory Intensive Care Unit
Authors: ULUÇ Kamuran , AKKÜTÜK ÖNGEL Esra , KÖYLÜ İLKAYA Nazan , DEVRAN Özkan , AY Ernur , KUTBAY ÖZÇELİK Hatice
Published: October 2023

Aim: Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is a feeding method used in patients who are expected to require enteral nutrition for more than 2-3 weeks. We aimed to evaluate PEG indications, complications, and post-procedural patient prognosis in patients followed up in our intensive care unit and fed via PEG.

Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 51 patients receiving PEG between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2022, in the Respiratory Intensive Care Unit.

Results: Among the patients receiving PEG, 30 (58%) were male. The average age was 63.9, ranging from 23 to 90. The mean scores for the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II), and Sepsis Related Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) were 8.47, 22, and 7.45, respectively. The mean duration until PEG placement was 24.8 days, and the average intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalization was 48.8 days.PEG was performed in 21 patients (41.2%) due to cerebrovascular disease, in 19 patients (37.3%) due to Alzheimer, dementia, or Parkinson's disease, and 18 patients (35.3%) due to prolonged mechanical ventilation. The complication rate associated with PEG was 13.7%. Among the patients who underwent PEG, 35 (68.6%) were discharged, while 16 (31.4%) died.

Conclusion: Considering its easy use at bedside, low complication, and mortality rates, PEG insertion is appropriate for continuing enteral therapies, especially in intensive care patients with insufficient oral intake.
Evaluation of Hematological Biomarkers in Childhood Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Steatotic Liver Disease
Authors: GÜMÜŞ Meltem , YORULMAZ Alaaddin , CANDAN Hakan , ÖZTÜRK Mehmet , BUĞRUL Fuat , EMİROĞLU Halil Haldun
Published: October 2023

Aim:We aimed to investigate the clinical significance and diagnostic value of inflammation-based biomarkers in children with a diagnosis of Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Steatotic Liver Disease(MASLD). Methods:This study was carried out by retrospectively evaluating the files of patients followed up in the Department of Pediatric Hepatology at xxUniversity between July 2022 and January 2023.The study was completed with 120 patients with MASLD diagnosed according to the criteria of the AASLD and EASL, 80 healthy controls.Comparisons were made by calculating laboratory values and formulas through them. Results:There were 50(41.7%)girls and 70(58.3%)boys in the patient group,and 40 girls (50.0%) and 40 boys(50.0%) in the control group.While 80 patients with Grade 0 detected in liver ultrasonography were taken as the control group;102(85%) Grade 1 and 18(15%)Grade 2-3 patients were considered as the patient group.The values of the patients were compared with the values of healthy volunteers.When the WBC, neutrophil, lymphocyte, platelet, MHR, RPR, RLR, MPR, WMR, GPR, SII and FIB-4score values were compared according to liver grading, a correlation was found in the tests performed on the patients. Conclusion:Our study suggests that the presence of MASLD should be investigated in individuals, and possible complications can be prevented with early diagnosis and treatment approaches.As a result, we think that the use of hematological biomarkers will be useful for the simple and rapid detection of patients with suspected MASLD and who need further examination and treatment.
Comparison of Abdominal Initial Entry Techniques in Gynecological Laparoscopy
Authors: GUNDOGDU Elif , USTA Taner
Published: October 2023

Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the safety of laparoscopic entry techniques.

Materials and Methods: Within the scope of the study, medical records of patients who underwent laparoscopy due to various gynecological indications at our clinic between January 1, 2011, and July 1, 2015, were examined. Evaluation was conducted using our hospital’s electronic database.

Results: In the patient cohort, direct trocar placement was preferred in 91.8% (1025 patients), Veress needle placement was used in 7.4% (82 patients), and an open technique was used in 0.8% (9 patients). In terms of entry sites, umbilicus was the most commonly chosen option, being preferred in 97.2% (1085 patients) of cases. In 2.4% of patients (27 patients), the midline abdominal trocar was preferred as the initial trocar insertion site. Among these patients, suprapubic incision was preferred in 62% (17 patients), while Lee-Huang point was chosen as the entry site in 38% (10 patients).Looking at the history of previous surgeries, 18.5% (206 patients) had a history of prior abdominal surgery, and 3.5% (39 patients) had undergone two previous surgical procedures. Only 0.1% (1 patient) had undergone three or more abdominal surgeries.

Discussion: In conclusion, no clear superiority of one initial entry technique over another has been proven. Despite the extensive literature on laparoscopic entry, debates regarding the most effective method to prevent significant complications continue.
The Role of Communication with the Field during the Pandemic Period: A District Intervention Example in Preventive Health Services
Authors: SEZEROL Mehmet Akif , ALTAŞ Zeynep Meva
Published: October 2023

Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of administrative meetings with family health center staff on cancer and autism screenings in a district of Istanbul.

Material and Method: The study was designed as an intervention research conducted in a district of Istanbul. The population of the study consisted of employees working in family health centers (24 family health centers) in Sultanbeyli district. The meetings were held at the end of February 2022 at the District Health Directorate building. During the meetings, the aspects that need to be improved, especially regarding cancer and autism screenings, were conveyed. Following these meetings for field staff, the changes in preventive health services (number of screenings) at the district level were analyzed. All data were analyzed retrospectively from district health directorate records.

Results: For cervical cancer screening, the total number of screenings in Sultanbeyli district in January-February and March-April were 144 and 235, respectively. For colon cancer, the total number of screenings in January-February and March-April were 54 and 277, respectively. The total number of autism screenings in January-February and March-April were 565 and 1388, respectively. Cervical cancer screenings, colon cancer screenings and autism screenings showed statistically significant increases after the meetings (p=0.002, p
Kidney health of refugee children: an ongoing challenge
Authors: TANER Sevgin , EKBERLİ Gunay
Published: October 2023

Aim: Its geographical proximity to Syria makes Turkey an important destination and transit country for refugees from various countries. The aim of this study is to determine the kidney and urological disease profile and to reveal the ongoing problems of refugee children who applied to a single center in Adana, home to a dense refugee population. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the largest single center experience with the refugee pediatric patient population in this field.

Methods: Medical records of 614 refugee children admitted to the pediatric nephrology and urology departments between February 2020 and May 2022 evaluated retrospectively. A total of 530 patients were included in the study.

Results: Median age of the 530 patients (301 male/229 female) was 72 months. The median follow-up time was 7 months (IQR 14 months). Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract with 181 patients (34.2%) is the most common diagnosis. The frequency of chronic kidney disease (CKD) of the patients was determined as 25% with 132 patients. 64 (12%) of the patients required surgical intervention. It was observed that 322 (61%) of the patients did not come to their regular follow-ups and delayed their follow-up.

Conclusion: Irregular follow-up and delaying the treatment can lead to sad consequences in patients with CKD in the long term. We believe that regular patient follow-up will have a positive impact on the long-term follow-up results of the patients and on the health costs of the country hosting the refugee patient profile.
Evaluation of endoscopy timing in patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding in emergency department
Authors: YURTSEVER Guner
Published: October 2023

Background: Endoscopy is recommended in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (AUGIB) to detect the bleeding source and stop the bleeding. The optimal timing of endoscopy in AUGIB is controversial. We aimed to investigate the time of endoscopy and the factors affecting it.

Materials and methods: Retrospective, single-center study. The patients were divided into four groups: endoscopy after discharge, 0-12 hours endoscopy, 12-24 hours endoscopy and 24 hours later. Age, sex, vital signs, laboratory findings were recorded. Glasgow-Blatchford Score (GBS) and Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) were calculated. The obtained data were compared between these four groups. All-cause mortality for 30 days was recorded.

Results: A total of 318 patients were included. In the comparison of endoscopy times, the parameters found to be statistically significant between the four groups are Hb, BUN, and INR levels, GBS and CCI. As a result of CHAID analysis, the most crucial variable affecting the timing of endoscopy was found to be the Hb value of the patients (χ2=66.528; adjusted p=0.000). Mortality occurred in 10.69% of the patients. The timing of endoscopy did not affect mortality. In binary logistic regression analysis, low systolic BP (0.967 times increase), high CCI (86,402 times increase) were found to affect mortality.

Conclusion: The factors affecting the timing of endoscopy are the signs of bleeding. A thorough follow-up of vital signs in patients presenting to the emergency department with acute gastrointestinal bleeding, particularly an evaluation of systolic blood pressure and detailed questioning of additional comorbid conditions, is critical to reduce mortality.
Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia of the breast: multimodality imaging findings
Authors: GÜLDOĞAN Nilgün , ARSLAN Aydan , ÖZYILMAZ Safa , YILMAZ Ebru , TÜRK Ebru Banu , TOPAL Cumhur
Published: October 2023

Background/Aim: Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (PASH) is a rare benign mesenchymal proliferative breast lesion. The literature contains little information on the radiological results of this uncommon tumor. In this study, we aim to define the radiologic findings of PASH through our institutional experience.

Materials and Methods: Patients with PASH of the breast reported in the surgical database of our institution from 2020 to 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. PASH was detected in 11 female patients among the patients who underwent a total of 2172 breast tru-cut biopsies. Nine patients whose imaging studies could be recalled from the picture archiving systems (PACS) were included in the study. BI-RADS, 5th edition, was used to analyze and classify radiologic findings.

Results: The median age of cases was 41 (range 22–53). Our single-center incidence was found to be 0.5%. Considering the sonographic findings, all of the lesions had an oval shape. On mammography, they were defined as focal asymmetry or circumscribed masses. An MRI was available in three cases. All three cases were hypointense on T1-weighted sequences and hyperintense on T2-weighted sequences. They displayed type 1 or type 2 enhancement curves in the dynamic contrast-enhanced images. No diffusion restriction was detected.

Conclusion: In this study, tumor-forming PASH were generally circumscribed oval hypoechoic solid masses with minimal vascularity and no posterior acoustic features on ultrasound. On mammography, calcification, architectural distortion, or spiculation were not present in any of the cases. MRI findings were t2 hyperintensity, type 1–2 enhancement kinetics, and no diffusion restriction. In all imaging modalities, the imaging characteristics point to a benign lesion.
Comparison of Analgesic Efficacy of Cooling Spray and Saline Spray in Wrist Trauma; Randomized Controlled Double Blind Study
Authors: BİLGİN Serkan , EFGAN Mehmet Göktuğ
Published: October 2023

Background: Cooling spray application is commonly used in sports injuries to manage acute pain and reduce tissue edema. However, its effectiveness in treating acute trauma in the emergency department remains understudied. This prospective randomized controlled trial assessed the efficacy of cooling spray for pain management in patients with wrist injuries.

Methods: A randomized trial was conducted in a tertiary care hospital's trauma department. Patients with wrist trauma were assigned to cooling spray or placebo (saline spray) groups. Cooling spray was Cryos®Spray (Phyto Performance, Italy), while placebo was chilled saline in an identical bottle. Pain scores and radiographic images were evaluated.

Results: In 131 patients (mean age: 35.60±19.58 years, 26.7% fractures), cooling spray (n=73) yielded a delta pain score of 1.74±1.88, while saline (n=58) had 0.84±1.54 (p=0.003). For fracture patients, cooling spray's delta score was 2.26±1.88, compared to saline's 0.0±0.96 (
Evaluation of the quality and reliability of YouTube videos on premature ventricular contraction
Authors: GÖÇER Kemal
Published: October 2023

Aim:

The internet is a popular and continually utilized platform to gain medical knowledge for patients and health professionals. This research aimed to evaluate the accuracy and quality of videos for premature ventricular contraction (PVC) on YouTube.

Material and method: The keyword "premature ventricular contraction" was inputted into the YouTube search engine. The 60 most watched videos on YouTube were analyzed. Six of these were excluded from the study. A total of 54 patients were included in the study. General characteristics of the videos were recorded. Two specialist physicians reviewed all videos. GQS, DISCERN, and JAMA scoring systems were used to test the video quality and reliability. Video quality was divided into three groups according to the GQS score. Video characteristics were compared between quality groups.

Results: 37% of the videos posted were from doctors, and the most frequently seen content was related to general information about PVCs, accounting for 70.4%. There were 24 high-quality videos. The number of video comments (p=0.006), daily view rate (p=0.001), JAMA (p=
Evaluation of HBV Reactivation and Antiviral Prophylaxis in Patients Receiving Immunosuppressive Therapy
Authors: ŞAHİN Ahmet , ASLAN Selda
Published: October 2023

Aim: Patients with chronic hepatitis B and people with a history of hepatitis B (HBV) infection are at risk of HBV reactivation (HBVr) when they receive immunosuppressive therapy. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the hepatitis B serology, risk groups and antiviral prophylaxis of patients receiving various immunosuppressive therapies due to rheumatological diseases.

Material and Method: The study included 375 patients over 18 years of age who received tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) inhibitor, tyrosine kinase inhibitor, steroids, methotrexate or anti-CD20 antibodies due to rheumatic diseases in a training and research hospital between May 2022 and May 2023. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg), hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-Hbs), hepatitis B core protein antibody (anti-Hbc IgG) serologies, immunosuppressive therapies and oral antivirals were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: The average age of the 375 patients included in the study was 43.77±13.07 years. 193 (51.5%) of the patients were male. 11 patients were HbsAg positive, 150 patients were anti-Hbs positive, 19 patients were isolated anti-Hbc IgG positive, and 79 patients were both anti-Hbs and anti-Hbc IgG positive. According to serological findings, 109 (29%) patients had HBV exposure. All three test results of 194 (51.7%) patients were negative. A total of 85 (22.7%) patients received oral antiviral prophylaxis due to the use of immunosuppressive agents. In terms of HBVr, 16.5% were evaluated as high risk, 75.3% as moderate risk, and 8.2% as low risk. Out of 85 patients 79 received entecavir, 5 reveived tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and 1 received tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (TAF). The mean duration for the immunosuppressive therapy was 6.41±4.20 years. The mean duration of oral antiviral prophylaxis among patients was 1.02±1.72 years. HBVr was not observed in any of our patients.

Conclusion: Before patients receive immunosuppressive therapy, hepatitis B serologies and prophylaxis indication should be evaluated firstly. In addition, as a preventive medicine activity, hepatitis B vaccinations of unvaccinated patients should be completed as quickly as possible.
Investigation of Variants In SARS-CoV-2 Infections after Three Doses of COVID-19 Vaccine
Authors: GÜRER GİRAY Burcu , GÜVEN AÇIK Gökçe
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective: Our study focused on retrospectively assessing variant of concern, specified by the World Health Organization (WHO), with one-step reverse transcription and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test in SARS-CoV-2 positive patients after three doses of attenuated COVID-19 vaccine.

Methods: 8.520 samples transported with viral nucleic acid buffer (vNAT) tubes between June 2021 and January 31, 2022, were tested and included in the study. All the patients whose samples were included in our research had 3 doses of CoronaVac (Sinovac Life Science Co, Ltd, Beijing, China). Gender distribution was 4686 (55%) female and 3834 ( 45%) males. Variant specific genome regions only found in B.1.351, P.1 and B.1.1.7 as well as ORF1ab and N gene regions are investigated by the Bio-Speedy® Emerging Plus kit (Bioeksen AR-GE Technologies, Turkey) used to identify the variants in the study.

Results: All 8.520 samples were SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR positive. Our study detected alpha and delta variants in 1460 (17.14%) and 3570 (41.9%) patients respectively. 2570 (30.16%) patients did not have any variants according to test results. It was observed that the spread of beta, gamma and other suspicious variants remained at relatively low rates.

Conclusion: The delta variant became dominant from July until to the end of the year. Declining delta variant rates and increasing cases of suspected variants towards the beginning of December 2021 suggest the omicron variant. Therefore, molecular surveillance studies that are planned to take epidemiological data into consideration and to examine the prevalence and gene-based analysis of local and worldwide variants are required.
Current Status of Global Hysteroscopy and Female Infertility Research: A Web of Science Based Bibliometric Analysis Study
Authors: ŞAHİN Özgür
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to identify trends in the literature on hysteroscopy and female infertility and to quantitatively evaluate them using various bibliometric parameters.

Material and Methods: The study data was taken from the Web of Science electronic database for this bibliometric network analysis. The network analysis and bibliometric analysis were carried out by using the Biblioshiny and VosViewer bibliometric tools.

Results: A total of 1,023 documents were included in the study. The first article was published in 1977. Until 1990, the annual number of articles was irregular. The quantity of publications published annually significantly increased after 2005, peaking in 2020 and 2021 (68 and 67 articles, respectively). The included articles were published in 67 countries. Among these countries, China (n=299), the USA (n=237), Italy (n=235), and Turkey (n=156) had the highest number of publications. Especially after 2012, there has been a significant increase in Chinese publications. In addition, 10.07% of the documents had co-authors from other countries. The keywords 'hysteroscopy (frequency 422), hysterosalpingography office (frequency 65), hysteroscopy (frequency 49), and chronic endometritis (frequency 45') topped the trending topic list.

Conclusion: It is notable that among international publications, Chinese publications have increased significantly, especially in the last decade. Funding support from Chinese institutions may be responsible for this
Assessment of DNA Damage Induced by Velum® Prime in Human Lymphocytes
Authors: TOĞAY Vehbi Atahan , AŞCI ÇELİK Dilek
Published: October 2023

Aim: Fluopyram is a mitochondrial complex II inhibitor with low water solubility and a relatively long half-life in soil. So it may also be dangerous for humans. The effect of fluopyram on DNA damage was evaluated in human lymphocytes using the comet assay.

Materials and Methods: Lymphocytes of eight volunteers were isolated using histopaque-1077. Fluopyram was administered at doses of 0.05, 0.25, and 1.00 mg/mL for 1, 2, and 4 h. The comet assay was applied, and photographs of the slides were taken under a fluorescence microscope. 50 cells per slide were analyzed using the OpenComet software. The obtained results were statistically evaluated using one-way ANOVA.

Results: Fluopyram treatments at 1.00 mg/mL for 1 h and 0.05, 0.25, and 1.00 mg/mL for 2 and 4 h resulted in a statistically significant increase in DNA damage compared to the internal control groups (p
'What if I Die Before Him?' Concerns of Caregivers in Palliative Care
Authors: TUZ Canan , ÖZÇAKIR Alis
Published: October 2023

Background/Aims: Caregivers are family members who provide unpaid assistance to their ill spouses. In Turkey, family caregiving, engagement, and support are needed when patients are hospitalized. This study aims to better understand the feelings of caregivers behind their behaviors in a terrier palliative care setting.

Methods: This research is a cross-sectional qualitative study designed with phenomenology. Five family caregivers who volunteered to participate were interviewed face-to-face. Inclusion criteria were adult informal caregivers who currently provided care to the patient at home and in the hospital.

Results: The family caregivers consist of five spouses with a mean age of 44.8 ± 4.80 years. Each caregiver is a female and the spouse of the patient. Of the patients diagnosis was Alzheimer’s disease, dementia, gastric cancer, and stroke, respectively. The caregiving time was approximately 2.79 ± 1.62 years. Four themes and eleven subthemes were indicated: Concerns about themselves: Overestimating their health care problems, Anxiety about staying strong; Consequences of the patient: Remembering the patient like a “hero”; Acceptance of the situation Fear of “finding him death” Challenges about caregiving Sacrificing from life Excessive responsibility Embarrassment from diaper care Lack of orientation for caregiving at first Coping strategies Devine providence Religious beliefs.

Conclusions: The findings of the study indicate that family caregivers have concerns about themselves and the consequences of their roles. Even if they try to cope with spirituality, healthcare providers can support them by recognizing their essential roles.