bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rangelands, Yaylag and Kislag (Winter and Summer Grazing Lands) Issues Occurring in the Sanjaks of Skopje and Prizrin During the Tanzimat Period
Authors: TAŞCAN Arzu
Published: June 2022

Rangelands, yaylag and kislag (Winter and Summer Grazing Lands) which are closely related to the livestock sector in the Ottoman Empire, are among the leading natural food/feed sources for large and small cattle. These lands have been the subject of some disputes from time to time, especially among the villages whose economy is based on animal husbandry, due to the vital importance they carry in both Anatolia and Rumelia geography of the Ottoman Empire. In the documents determined regarding the rangelands, yaylag and kislag disputes in Skopje and Prizrin, which we have studied in this study, it is seen that sometimes one or more villagers and sometimes individuals bring the problems that cannot be solved locally to the state headquarters, seek their rights and demand a decision. In this study, the data about the problems that arose due to the pastures during the Tanzimat period, in the Skopje and Prizrin sanjaks and the districts connected to these sanjaks, in the Rumeli Ahkam Registers and in the different funds of the Presidency Ottoman Archives. In addition, what kind of decisions were taken to resolve these issues before the Land Law will be evaluated in the context of the articles of the law. In the events that occur after the land law, it will be determined whether the articles of the law related to pasture are applied or not.
Mitrovica İlçesindeki Dini Anıtların Lehinde ve Tahrifatında Kültürel Miras ve Siyasi Etkiler
Authors: HAJZERİ Pajazit
Published: June 2022

Monuments of Cultural Heritage in Kosovo together with a large number of religious monuments of Christian as well as Islamic worship were posed to political influences and had to change the identity for which they are called upon.

The issue which this paper will address is that of Boletini Church in Mitrovica (Sokolica Monastery).

The church in question served as a sanctuary (synagogue) of the accountants of Boletini family who owned the Millstone mine. This sanctuary, which later is converted into an Orthodox church, belongs to the nineteenth century and in 1956 is declared a women’s monastery.

The history of religions teaches us that most of the monasteries had their own properties and population who protected the monastery, performed rituals, and paid taxes to the monastery.

Sokolica Monastery is not found in any of the medieval sources as allegedly being from XIII-XIV centuries. At the same time, there is no population identified with this monastery and the monastery did not have even a yard of its own. All the surrounding property was occupied by Serbian regime during the time when Kosovo was occupied by Serbia.

All the monastery properties were properties of Isa Boletini’s family that were unjustly taken by the Serbian regime during the reconquest, while after the war ended in 1999, this act was also assisted by the Kosovo institutions for their own political interests and individual benefits.
Turkish-Senusi Relations from the War Of Tripolism to the National Struggle
Authors: ARTUÇ Nevzat
Published: June 2022

II. Abdülhamid tarafından uygulamaya konulan İttihad-ı İslam Siyaseti çerçevesinde hem dünya üzerindeki Müslüman toplumlarla kurulan ilişkiler artırılmış hem de dış politikada caydırıcı bir güç odağına sahip olunmuştur. İttihad-ı İslam siyaseti, sanılanın aksine Müslümanların tek bir devlet bir çatısı altında olmasını değil, ilişkilerinin güçlendirilmesini ve ortak adımlar atılarak emperyalist güçlere karşı bir duruş sergilemeyi amaçlamıştır. II. Meşrutiyet döneminde İttihad-ı İslam siyaseti, dış politika unsuru olmaktan çıkartılıp daha etkili bir şeklide kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu çerçevede Türk Senusi ilişkileri özel bir öneme sahiptir. Trablusgarp Savaşı yıllarında Enver Paşa’nın özel gayretleri ile gelişen ilişkiler, Birinci Dünya Savaşı ve Millî Mücadele yıllarında devam etmiştir. Mustafa Kemal Paşa’nın da selefleri II.Abdülhamid ve Enver Paşa’nın siyasetlerine uygun şeklide Senusiler ile yakın ilişkileri devam ettirmiş olması, sonraki yıllarda Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin Libya politikasının belirlenmesinde temel olmuştur. Bugünkü Türk-Libya ilişkilerinin belirlenmesinde, Türkiye’nin Libya’daki olaylara kayıtsız kalmamasında Kuzey Afrika’daki beş asırlık Osmanlı egemenliği dışında, zikredilen tarihsel gerçeklerin rolü olduğu muhakkaktır. Çalışmamızda, Trablusgarp Savaşı’ndan Millî Mücadele sonlarına kadar olan Türk-Senusi ilişkileri tarihsel bir bütünlük içerisinde ana hatlarıyla ele alınmıştır. Konuyla ilgili derli toplu bilgiler, mevcut literatür ışığında ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu sayede yakın çağ Osmanlı Tarihi ve Kuzey Afrika tarihi yapılacak olan yeni araştırmalara katkı sağlamayı amaçlamaktayız.
Ethnic Stereotyping in the Works of Seventeenth-Century Western Travelers and the Evliya Çelebi’s Seyahatname
Authors: ÇAKIR Esma
Published: June 2022

In the seventeenth century, compared to other times, a large number of European travelers visited the Ottoman Empire and published these visits in the form of travelogues, a genre that was widely read in Europe at that time. While this is the situation in Europe, there was no printing press in the Ottoman Empire yet; it was not common to travel without a compelling reason such as public work or business. The visits of European travelers to the Ottoman Empire lead them to observe the Ottoman society and the members of the Ottoman society to observe them.. While reading the European side of these observations from travel books, it is possible to read the Ottoman side from the travel book of Evliya Çelebi, which is the only work of this scale currently known. Looking at these observations, it is seen that each side defines the other with a set of stereotypes that are mostly ungrounded . The use of the term "ethnic stereotyping" in studies in the field belongs to Robert Dankoff. Some of these clichés have lost in time, and some have paved the way for ethnic and religious stereotypes that exist today. Our aim in this study is to identify these ethnic-based stereotypes used by some Western travelers who visited the Ottoman lands in the seventeenth century, and Evliya Çelebi and to compare the ways in which the parties perceive each other.

As a result of the research, it was seen that; Western travelers in the seventeenth century had various prejudices about not only Turks living here but also other Christian groups, and these prejudices led to some stereotypes. However, a similar attitude is also valid for Evliya Çelebi for the same period. Evliya Çelebi also used various stereotypes related to many ethnic groups, including Turks.
Kosova'da Ulusal Bilincin Oluşturulmasını Önlemek İçin Bir Araç İdeo-Politik ve Farklılık
Authors: KRYEZİU Sedat
Published: June 2022

The federal police units exercised a fierce violence to oppress the Demonstrations that took place in the year 1981 in Kosovo. The political measures included the ideological and political differentiation. A large part of the Albanian people became subject to persecution. The purpose of all these measures was to destroy the Albanian intellectual elite, in particular educational institutions, to prevent the strengthening of national awareness. It was no coincidence that the political differentiation was more severe at the University of Prishtina; many professional and national staff were fired. All these actions were taken under the guise of "fighting Albanian nationalism and separatism", which often happened that Albanians persecuted their patriots under the slogan mentioned above.

Therefore, the paper "The ideo-political differentiation a tool to prevent the raising of national awareness in Kosovo", aims to elaborate the mentioned campaign and the consequences deriving from it.
DETERMINATION OF TOTAL AND BIOACCESSIBLE ELEMENTS IN TEMPORARY ADHESIVE TATTOOS USED BY CHILDREN AND ADULTS
Authors: Squissato André , Claro Augusto , Lourenço Riad , Fioroto Alexandre , Nascimento Angerson , Muñoz Rodrigo
Published: June 2022

The presence of bioaccessible potentially-toxic elements in five different brands of temporary tattoos (packaged with bubble gums) aimed at children and three product brands used by young and adult audiences were analyzed in accordance with the Brazilian Organization of Technical Standards (ABNT) and International Organization for Standardization (ISO) for toy’s safety standards. Bioaccessible barium, copper and strontium were found in the concentration range between 1.78–11.1 μg g–1, 0.0364–0.875 μg g–1, 0.155–9.9 μg g–1, respectively. Bioaccessible lead (2.6 ± 0.1 μg g–1 – 4.36 ± 0.06 μg g–1) and boron (2.14 ± 0.07 – 3.54 ± 0.07 μg g–1) were found in two samples whereas chromium (0.403 ± 0.004 μg g–1) in one sample aimed at children. Bioaccessible aluminum was found in six samples, mostly at products used by children. Other elements whose bioaccessibility was evaluated were Mo (< LOD), Cd (< LOD), V (0.148 ± 0.003 μg g–1) and Co (0.003 – 1.756 μg g–1). All samples met the upper limits permitted by the national toy safety standard, however, chromium, lead, cobalt and barium presented higher bioaccessibility levels than the allowed values by cosmetic regulation that controls products applied directly to the skin.
Literacy Culture Assistance on Children Through Rumah Belajar Ilalang in Tahunan, Jepara
Authors: Nihayah Ulin
Published: June 2022

Reading is a culture that is almost degraded nowadays; even the culture of reading through books has become extinct, replaced by watching gadgets. The revitalization of literacy culture is certainly not easy in the midst of rapidly developing technology. TBM (Community Reading Park) Weed Learning House (RBI) bridges the literacy revitalization process for children in Tahunan, Jepara. The research was carried out through participatory service involving students of UIN Walisongo who were gathered in the Programmed Initiative KKN Mandiri program as a form of student anxiety about the decline in children's interest in reading. The mentoring activities resulted in the realization of reading culture assistance for children through the active RBI TBM by holding Mbelik Mili, Friday Familiar, and Sunday reading. In addition, efforts to improve literacy culture have resulted in the continuous development of RBI assistance because there is an interest in literacy in children by creating a reading culture, continuous development of mentoring in RBI through the government and stakeholders in Jepara, the need for the development of adequate facilities in TBM RBI, the need for stakeholder support holders in the community.
A New Empowering India Under Leadership of PM Modi: Promises and Reality
Authors: Goyal Mukta
Published: June 2022

According to projections made by internationally renowned consultants and the IMF, India will be one of the world's fastest-growing economies by 2025. It has been ranked as the third-largest emerging market hub and the third-largest global startup ecosystem. Million people empowerment is inevitably a process of teaching values to educate the student to live a life that is personal and congruent with the valued values and standards of society. On 30th May 2019, Shri Narendra Modi became Prime Minister of India and marked the beginning of his second term in office. Shri Modi, the first Premier born after independence, served in India formerly between 2014 and 2019. He has also distinguished himself as the longest-serving Chief Minister of Gujarat from October 2001 to May 2014. In her motto, Sitka Modi has introduced a change in governance leading to an integrated, development-focused, and corruption-free government, based on the slogan 'Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas, Sabka Vishwas.' New hopes developed for citizens in India in the 2014 general election following a period of instability, corruption, and fraud under the leadership of the United Progressive Alliance (UPA). After one decade of gaps, the National Democrat Alliance (NDA) II administration led by Narendra Modi of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) raised many expectations of middle-class ordinary Indian people to an elite. The governance study of the present government is quite significant in this perspective. Therefore, this paper analyzes PM Modi s vision for empowering India and the track record of PM Modi's pledges to understand the cause for the new empowerment for India. Here the research is based on data from prior studies. The study finds that development is a process fueled by resources, and what must do much more to ensure that these resources can equitably meet current needs while remaining available for future generations' development needs.
Nemotecnia “GANASTE TODO” en el cuidado de pacientes con aumento de la presión intracraneana
Authors: Flórez Bedoya Alex Rogelio
Published: June 2022

Las personas con lesión cerebral están en riesgo o tienen aumento de la presión intracraneana. La lesión secundaria incluye una cascada de eventos que suceden luego de la lesión cerebral primaria, los cuales producen edema cerebral, afectan negativamente la presión intracraneana y conllevan a hipoperfusión cerebral, falla compensatoria, complicaciones neurológicas y malos pronósticos. En el presente artículo se presenta la nemotecnia GANASTE TODO, como una guía que apoye el cuidado para las personas que sufren una lesión cerebral y ayude a prevenir la lesión secundaria, e incluye los cuidados en la glicemia, el estado ácido-base, la concentración sérica del sodio, la hemoglobina, la presión arterial, la temperatura, el flujo venoso, el confort y el manejo del dolor y la oxigenación. El cuidado de enfermería es valioso para prevenir la lesión cerebral secundaria y esta nemotecnia puede ayudar en este objetivo y aplicarse al lado de la cabecera del paciente.
Ex-Socialists as Human Resources for the Communist Party between February and October Revolutions (March — October 1917)
Authors:   Institute of History of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Shishkin V. I.
Published: June 2022

At the end of the 19th century and the first quarter of the 20th century, political parties became the main actors for Russia’s social and economic processes and events. During the last three decades, they have been the focus of scholars’ efforts since classified sources of the Soviet period were opened for public access at the end of the 20th century. Intense scholarship shaped two main approaches to the topic. One focuses on each political party individually, and the other focuses on interactions between all of them. The second approach, even considering its merits, remains limited because relationships are explained mainly through competition between political parties, whereas in reality, connections were more diverse. This article makes a first attempt to show at personal and group levels the transition of former socialists to the Bolshevik party between the February and October revolutions. It identifies specific party leaders and groups that changed their political views and positions; establishes the time and motives for their break with their former parties to join the Bolsheviks; and clarifies the impact of their joining the Bolshevik party. Based on an analysis of questionnaires of delegates who participated in the Sixth Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party (Bolsheviks), the article concludes that by the end of the summer of 1917, the Bolshevik political elite consisted of almost 43 % of former socialists, among whom there was a large proportion of professional revolutionaries. Such human resources, mostly consisting of “left-socialists,” contributed to the radicalization of the RSDLP(b), reorienting the political struggle from democratic and political methods to violence and militarism.
On the Illegitimacy of the Soviet Power
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Mironov B. N.
Published: June 2022

Sociological polls and other sources, as well as electoral statistics, show that Soviet power in 1918– 1989 met the main criteria for legitimacy. In 1918–1929, the majority of voters, and in 1931–1989 over 83 % of the electorate, were loyal to the Soviet regime, trusted the communists and the general course and current policy, were satisfied with the status as ordinary builders of socialism, and believed in the socialist project. Official information on turnout and voting is trustworthy, although it has serious shortcomings and likely underestimates the scale of the protest vote (failure to appear, damage to ballots, voting against). Election results were influenced by electoral laws, propaganda, and control over the course of voting. However, clean elections have never happened anywhere. The legitimacy of power in any civilized country was supported by developed propaganda, and in the USSR it was not more powerful than, for example, in the USA or Germany. The study allows us to assume that until the mid-1980s the people’s confidence in Soviet power was ensured not so much by propaganda as, first, by achievements of the USSR, which were considered by the majority of the population to be real, significant, and deserving of respect; second, by faith in the socialist project; and third, by peculiarities of political culture of the peasantry and the proletariat inherited from pre-revolutionary times. From their perspective, the people interacted with authorities and participated in management. The socialist project for only a small minority represented only a grandiose myth, a gigantic propaganda campaign, and an adventure or scam of world-historical scale.
Novaya Zemlya Archipelago in the Defense System of the Soviet Arctic During the Great Patriotic War
Authors:   Russian Arctic National Park, Khatanzeyskiy A. V.
Published: June 2022

This analyzes the significance of Novaya Zemlya in the course of military operations in the Arctic during World War II. Data on the deployment of troops in the Novaya Zemlya archipelago and nearby islands are provided based on an analysis of archive documents. The military history of the archipelago is examined from the creation of the Belomorskaya military flotilla in 1941 until its disbandment in April 1945. Minor importance of the region at the initial stage of the war is replaced by an increase in the activity of the German naval forces in 1942, especially submarines. The result of this was the expansion of military operations in the Arctic Sea theater, expressed in enemy attacks on polar stations and sea convoys. In response, the Soviet command created a naval base on Novaya Zemlya and increased the fleet’s ship composition. By the end of the war, there was a qualitative and quantitative increase in military infrastructure. The natural and climatic factor had a huge impact on the conduct of military operations, because of it the main combat activity of the warring parties directly depended on the polar summer and navigation period. The experience of the main Department of the Northern Sea route in the development of the region in the 1930s was taken into account. The author concluded that the possession of Novaya Zemlya was key both for the control of navigation and for the possession of the entire surrounding region. Despite all efforts, the enemy still failed to disrupt Maritime navigation in the Arctic, and to break the courageous resistance of military seamen and employees of the Main Administration of the Northern Sea Way.
Participation of Russian Emigrants and Soviet POWs in the Resistance Movement on the Island of Oléron in 1944–1945
Authors:   Institute of Russian History of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Reshetnikov S. V.
Published: June 2022

The article explores a little-known episode of the joint anti-fascist struggle of Russian emigrants and Soviet citizens on the French Island of Oléron during the Second World War. In the fall of 1943, the Germans began to transfer Eastern Wehrmacht troops, formed from Soviet citizens, to France. In the spring of 1944, one of the companies of these Eastern Wehrmacht troops arrived on the island of Oléron to guard the Atlantic coast. At that time, a group of Russian emigrants headed by V. B. Sosinskiy and V. L. Andreev lived on the island, and they decided to get to know the Soviet soldiers who had arrived there. Freed from German captivity, Sosinskiy decided to form a partisan group from these soldiers, which, after the first sabotage operation, officially became part of the French Resistance. Sosinskiy’s group, initially collecting only intelligence data, soon began active sabotage actions, which seriously reduced the combat capability of the local German garrison and allowed the Allies to quickly liberate the island during its assault at the end of the war. The soldiers were convicted after they returned home, but after returning to civilian life, they were rehabilitated with the help of immigrants.
Personal Files of the Expelled — A Source for the Research on the Special Settlement Regime
Authors:   Ch. Akhriev Ingush Scientific Research Institute for the Humanities, Arapkhanova L. Ya. ,   Ingush State University
Published: June 2022

This article explores an important archival source, the personal files of deportees, the original form of the document compiled by the NKVD characterizing the identity of a person who is on special settlement. These are massive official documents of a personal nature, applied to all adults deported during World War II from different regions and republics of the former USSR. The author reveals previously classified personal files and documents on the legal status of special settlers. The introduction of new documents into circulation made it possible to shed light on many aspects of the life of deportees related to their social and legal adaptation in new places of settlements. A personal file clearly demonstrates both the conditions of detention at the special settlement, and changes in the regulatory framework governing the life of this category within the framework of the special settlement system in the USSR. In accordance with the ongoing changes, a special commandant introduced each special settler to the new standards, who were given receipts. The file contains four receipts that allow one to divide the period from 1944 to 1957 into four stages. The article emphasizes that for post-deportation generations, the presence of personal files containing personal data was a good opportunity in restoring not only history, but also genealogy. It has both important scholarly, socio-legal, and political significance for the study of destinies, both of individuals and of entire nations. As examples, some documents are contained in the personal files of the evicts.
The Ural Republic in 1993: An Attempt to Expand the Independence by a Russian Region
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Osipov I. V.
Published: June 2022

The Ural Republic serves as an illustration of the struggle for expanding subjects’ independence and transforming Russian federalism in the early 1990s. The purpose of this study is to explore the Ural Republic in the context of the search for a Russian model of federalism in the early 1990s. Archival materials of the Russian Presidential Administration structural divisions and state authorities of the Sverdlovsk region are key sources. The main materials for the article include program documents and analytical notes reflecting views on the nature of the state-territorial structure by current authorities and fixing the expert and analytical view of the higher state authorities on the developing processes dynamics and associated risks. During the period under review, the search for a new model of federalism and building relations between the federal center and the regions was carried out not only in public and political discussions, but also by implementing specific steps in practice. In 1993, in the context of the growing confrontation between the President and the Supreme Soviet and the formation of new constitutional foundations for Russian statehood, one of the attempts to expand regional independence was the activity of the Sverdlovsk region authorities. For several years the issue of increasing regional independence and transferring a significant part of the powers from the federal center to the regions arose and developed before the actual denouement in 1993. However, such aspirations were perceived ambiguously. Finally, the federal center refused the request to expand independence in the form of creating the Ural Republic on the basis of the Sverdlovsk region.
National History in Textbooks of the Modern States of Central Asia: Goals and Methods of Presentation
Authors:   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Arslanov R. A. , Moseуkina М. N. ,   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)
Published: June 2022

This article examines the historical educational literature published in the post-Soviet states of Central Asia. The author identifies the goals and methods of interpreting historical phenomena and highlights the features of presenting material in textbooks and manuals of the various states of the region. This analysis considers the political orientation of the published literature, the content of which is aimed, above all, at the integration of the local population around the idea of independence and state sovereignty. In a number of textbooks of the post-Soviet states, the goal of uniting society and the ruling circles is outlined, the achievement of which is due to the exposure of the “external enemy”, one-sided negative assessments of the consequences of the now sovereign states’ entry into the Russian Empire, and later the Soviet Union. The study of the reflection of national history in educational literature makes it possible to reveal the aspirations of power elites to achieve political goals rather than scholarly and educational ones. However, the biased selection of material and distortion of facts, while deforming historical knowledge, negatively affect the political atmosphere and sentiment of society, lead to the stirring up of interethnic enmity, separation of peoples and spread of isolating national pride. The identification and comprehension of the power intentions hidden in educational materials, as well as the methods of presenting the past, create conditions for overcoming the biased interpretations of historical events and objective historic coverage.
Alexandre Koyré and the new historiography of science
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dlugatsch Tamara B.
Published: June 2022

The author’s task is to draw attention once again to the philosophical and historical research method invented by A.Koyré, who, according to many, revolutionized historiography. The aim is to show the dependence of major scientific discoveries on fundamental transformations in philosophy. From this perspective, the scientific revolution of the seventeenth century is considered: Galileo’s discovery of the inertial movement was determined by a change in ideas about the Universe. The closed, hierarchically ordered world of Aristotle, characteristic of Antiquity and the Middle Ages, was replaced by a picture of an infinite Universe. In it, the same laws apply to celestial bodies and the Earth, and the circular motion of bodies is replaced by the motion along an infinite straight line, i. e., inertial. In this connection, Galileo’s Dialogues are carefully and thoroughly examined, in which he appears not only as a brilliant scientist, but also as a Socratically minded philosopher. The discoveries of Galileo and Newton are correctly evaluated as the creation of new foundations of scientific theory as compared with those previous, and the reasons for the appearance of such new foundations are explained. The novelty of the article also lies in the fact that the success of Koyré’s analysis is presented in the context of a dispute — a dialogue of the greatest scientific minds — of Aristotle and Plato, Descartes and Newton. Highly appreciating the achievements of A.Koyré, the author dwells on some of the shortcomings of his method: underestimation of social transformations and lack of attention to the reverse effect of science on philosophy. It also explains the limitations of the logical-deductive movement of thought in science, which determined philosophers, in particular, Kant, to come to the idea of the need to create meaningful logic, although an unknowable thing-in-itself appeared as the content.
Rainfall data used for rainwater harvesting systems: a bibliometric and systematic literature review
Authors: Fioramonte Bruna , Campos Marcus André Siqueira , de Freitas Saulo Ribeiro , Basso Raviel Eurico
Published: June 2022

The demand for water has led to an increase in scarcity events in several urban regions. In an urban context, water consumption in buildings plays an important role and rainwater harvesting is one of the ways that consumption can be reduced. One of the input variables for the dimensioning of rainwater tanks is the pluviometric regime's characteristics in the region where the rainwater harvesting system (RWHS) is to be installed. In this study, a bibliometric and systematic literature review was carried out on the types of rainfall data used in the dimensioning of the elements of RWHS. Worldwide, the most-used data comes from meteorological stations, with a historical series size of 30 years, however, other types of data and different sizes of historical series are also used. From this study, it was possible to synthesise the regions where differentiation data can be collected, as well as their characteristics, enabling the researchers to quickly access the definition of separation data collection parameters.
Clinical trials of myocardium injury cell therapy
Authors: Popandopulo A.G. , Solopov M.V. , Turchyn V.V. , Bushe V.V.
Published: June 2022

The high mortality rate from heart disease requires the development of new therapeutic approaches. Traditional treatments can provide a compensatory effect, improve the patient's quality of life, but not eliminate myocardial loss. Preclinical studies indicate that the regeneration of cardiac tissue can be stimulated through transplantation of stem and progenitor cells.
The review describes clinical trials of myocardial injury therapy using regional stem cells, progenitor cells, and cells differentiated from ESC/iPSCs. The results of clinical studies have confirmed the safety and availability of cell therapy for myocardial injury. However, insufficient knowledge of the mechanisms of action of transplanted cells on the myocardium and the rapid deployment of clinical trials initiated by the success of preclinical trials made it possible to observe, at best, only a moderate therapeutic effect. In studies using regional stem cells, it was not possible to reliably confirm their ability to differentiate into cardiomyocytes and integrate into the myocardium, and the observed improvements in heart function are associated with paracrine signaling. Cardiac ESC/iPSC derivatives are more suitable for the restoration of the lost myocardium, but since the number of clinical trials with these types of cells is still small, additional studies are required to confirm their safety and efficacy.
When developing the design of future clinical trials of cell therapy, it is necessary to strictly take into account the mechanism of cell action, the pathophysiology of the disease, and select the optimal set of endpoints. The experience of the conducted research leads to an understanding of the need to develop personalized cell therapy, according to which the choice of the source of cells and the route of administration should be based on the individual characteristics of the patient.
The growing number of clinical trials and the active study of the mechanisms of action of transplanted cells on damaged myocardium suggest that this type of cell therapy has a chance to enter clinical practice in the near future.
Received 4 October 2021. Revised 13 December 2021. Accepted 20 December 2021.
Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.
Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.
Contribution of the authors: The authors contributed equally to this article.
First experience of staged treatment of an infant with heterotaxy syndrome with total anomalous pulmonary vein drainage combined with a single ventricular heart and pulmonary atresia
Authors: Kuatbekov K.N. , Mishin A.V. , Sepbayeva A.D. , Nigay G.S. , Kanzhigalin D.M.
Published: June 2022

The combination of monoventricular congenital heart disease with total anomalous pulmonary vein drainage and pulmonary atresia, is a rare pathology and characterized by an extremely severe course with the highest mortality. In the presented work we described a clinical case of the first and successful experience of two-stage treatment of an infant with total anomalous pulmonary vein drainage combined with single ventricular heart disease and pulmonary atresia in the Republic of Kazakhstan. For total anomalous pulmonary vein drainage correction we used a sutureless technique — primary sutureless repair, which is used in our center as a primary one. Due to severe anatomy of the defect, we used unusual area of the distal end of the central systemic-pulmonary artery anastomoses during primary surgery at the mouth of the severed patent ductus arteriosus in the area of pulmonary artery bifurcation, where it is associated with high surgical risks. Taking into account the presence of an additional obstacle to pulmonary blood flow in the form of left branch pulmonary artery orifice stenosis, we performed one-stage dilatation plasty of the pulmonary artery branch bifurcation with autopericardium. During the repeated surgery we faced such a serious complication as aortic damage for the first time, thanks to emergency actions it did not turn out to be fatal. We also managed to perform the most preferable dilation of hypoplastic branches of the pulmonary artery by plasty with the own tissues of the superior vena cava during the formation of Glenn-anastomosis.Received 29 November 2021. Revised 21 December 2021. Accepted 22 December 2021.Informed consent: Informed consent was obtained from the patient's mother for the publication and use of the patient's medical data for scientific purposes.Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.Contribution of the authorsLiterature review: A.V. MishinDrafting the article: A.V. MishinCritical revision of the article: K.N. Kuatbekov, A.D. SepbayevaSurgical treatment: K.N. Kuatbekov, A.V. Mishin, A.D. Sepbayeva, G.S. Nigay, D.M. KanzhigalinFinal approval of the version to be published: K.N. Kuatbekov, A.V. Mishin, A.D. Sepbayeva, G.S. Nigay, D.M. Kanzhigalin
The possibilities of valve-sparing surgical treatment of bicuspid aortic valve syndrome
Authors: Komarov R.N. , Noginov V.K.
Published: June 2022

The Bentall procedure is the gold standard for the treatment of bicuspid aortic valve insufficiency, aortic root aneurysm and ascending aortic aneurysm today. Valve-sparing methods of reconstruction of the aortic root are becoming increasingly common, with the accumulation of experience in the reconstruction of the bicuspid aortic valve and more favorable hemodynamic characteristics of the native valve compared to any prosthesis. The purpose of our study is to determine the indications for surgical correction of BAV-related aortopathy and the most effective method of surgical treatment. We performed a literature review of the variants of valve-sparing surgical treatment of bicuspid aortic valve syndrome, which have shown satisfactory med-term and long-term results. The article will be interested to cardiovascular surgeons and cardiologists.Received 6 December 2021. Revised 15 February 2022. Accepted 5 March 2022.Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.Contribution of the authors: The authors contributed equally to this article.
The multicriteria analysis, a useful tool in classifying counties from a socio-economic point of view and investments made in water management: a case study on Romania
Authors:   Romanian - American University, Iordache Ana Maria Mihaela , Vasile Gabriela Geanina ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Pascu Luoana Florentina ,   Romanian - American University
Published: June 2022

The article presents a classification methodology of regional development in Romania (41 counties and Bucharest) using a set of data registered in 2019 by the National Institute of Statistics. Several indicators cover information related to the population (the migration, permanent residence, and education), local investments, private turnover, and investments in water supply and sewerage systems, including waste management. After applying the statistical tests, the separation of the counties was done in three classes, the delimitation indicating a high percentage of 59.5% of regions that have low values of the selected indicators. These regions require major investments that will lead to rising living standards, and the emergence of new jobs, driving down the average age of the population. 21.4% of the regions present an average level of the analyzed indicators while only 19% registered the highest values of the parameters, indicating urban agglomerations and a high level of industrial development.
Mineral precipitates from mine water as adsorbents -Part I- Site-specific characterization of natural deposits
Authors:   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Dinu Laurentiu Razvan , Badescu Valeriu Robert ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Vasile Gabriela Geanina ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Cristea Ionut ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Marin Nicoleta Mirela ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Serban Ecaterina Anca ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology
Published: June 2022

Secondary minerals and mixtures of Fe-Al compounds such as oxohydroxy and hydroxosulfates can be naturally generated from mine water in response to oxidation /bio-oxidation, mixing, evaporation and neutralization processes. Deposits observed in significant quantities, with very high iron content, from the mining perimeters of Certej-Coranda, Rosia Montana, and Boita Hateg were sampled and characterized. Schwertmannite and Goethite can function as adsorbents after drying or further processing. In both cases, the chemical analysis of the product is important in order to promote it to potential users. A preliminary evaluation of the adsorption capacity for As(III) was performed for the original material and for products obtained after calcination. Depending on calcination temperature, adsorption capacity decreases, and a leveling effect can be observed, most probably due to pore sinterizing and transformation to hematite, irrespective of the initial mineral.
Lanthanides as impurities in the Bayer production cycle of the aluminum hydroxide from Sierra Leone bauxite
Authors:   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Kim Lidia , Dobra Gheorghe ,   ALRO SA, Slatina, Romania, Isopescu Raluca ,   Politehnica University of Bucharest, Iliev Sorin ,   ALUM SA, Tulcea, Romania, Cotet Lucian ,   ALUM SA, Tulcea, Romania, Boiangiu Alina ,   ALUM SA, Tulcea, Romania, Catrina Gina Alina ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Filipescu Laurentiu ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology
Published: June 2022

This paper is describing a careful study of the content and distribution of rare elements in the fluid and solid phases involved in dry and classified aluminum hydroxide production through the Bayer process at Alum SA, Tulcea, Romania. The source of rare elements in the Bayer process is the bauxite from Sierra Leone, a particular type of aluminous goethite-lateritic bauxite, not fully studied yet. Rare earth elements are fairly abundant in nature, but their distribution is very large, encompassing hundreds of types of minerals where the rare element appears as minor crystalline and amorphous compounds, solid solutions, or as ions adsorbed on the surface of common natural rocks. This study data show that Sierra Leone bauxite has only a small content in rare elements. Mainly, only the scandium and cerium concentrations (44.84 mg/kg and 11.49 mg/kg in bauxite residue) may reach the expected values required for eventual valorization. On the Bayer cycle, the rare metals enter with bauxite and concentrate in bauxite residues. Solubility of the rare element compounds in the Bayer process fluid phases is close to zero. In the final product, the aluminum hydroxide dried, milled and classified grades, the rare metals appear only as occlusion contaminants.
Physical mechanical and acoustic properties for composite materials made from construction and demolition waste
Authors:   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Bratu Mihai , Dan Cornel ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Stancu Valentin ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Cioroianu Daniel ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Dumitrescu Cosmin ,   Physical mechanical and acoustic properties for composite materials made from construction and demolition waste, Babeu Dorin ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Danciulescu Valeriu ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology
Published: June 2022

Environmental protection is an essential human problem and that is why most countries in the world are taking measures to limit it. As we know, pollution is contamination with materials that damage health, quality of life, or the natural functioning of ecosystems. Although some environmental pollution is a result of the action of nature, most are caused by human activity. The disposal of waste from various industrial processes affects the quality of the environment. A particular current problem with environmental pollution is waste as a whole, including construction and demolition waste. Another current problem is noise pollution with negative effects on humans. In this paper, these two problems are addressed through the valorization of these types of waste and the production of composite materials with sound-absorbing properties. Six types of construction and demolition wastes are used and subjected to physical-chemical analysis to determine their moisture content, particle size, and chemical composition. Through an optimized technological process, composite materials were obtained and their sound absorption capacity was determined.
Concentration versus number of particles in the assessment of air pollution with particulate matters
Authors:   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Danciulescu Valeriu , Cozea Andreea ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Bucur Elena ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Tanase Gheorghita ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Bratu Mihai ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology
Published: June 2022

In this paper, an assessment study was performed regarding air pollution with particulate matters including submicron particles. The evaluation of the contamination level was performed at a textile production unit in Pascani, Romania, which produces polyester knitwear. In the study, automatic determinations of total suspended particulate matters (TSP), PM 10, PM 2.5, and PM 1 (particle with nominal diameter <10 µm, <2.5 µm, and <1 µm), and submicron particulate matters (0.25, 0.35, 0.50 and 0.70) were performed both outdoor, in the ambient air, and indoor (workplace) in the area of the knitting machines. The correlation between the mass concentrations of submicronic particles (µg/m 3) and the numerical concentrations (number of particles/m3) was studied, too, to establish the most appropriate expression of the air pollution level with particulate matter. The results of the performed tests showed a level of ambient air pollution with particulate matters that exceed the limit values in the case of PM 2.5 and PM 10, the total suspended particulates still falling within the limits established by law. Likewise, in the case of workplace air, the level of inhalable particulate matter (particles with nominal diameter <100 µm), the concentration is below the limit values. Regarding the way of expressing the concentration of air particles, in µg/m3 or in no. particles/m3 the tests indicated better representativeness of the pollution level if the concentration in µg m3 is expressed for the dimensional fractions with diameter ≥ 1 µm and in no. particles/m3 for particles with a diameter of ≤1 µm.
Exercise and Metabolic Health: The Emerging Roles of Novel Exerkines
Authors: Yazgan Burak , Türkel İbrahim , Özerkliğ Berkay , Atakan Muhammed M. , Aktitiz Selin , Koşar Şükran N.
Published: June 2022

Physical inactivity is a major cause of chronic diseases. It shortens the health span by lowering
the age of the first chronic disease onset, which leads to decreased quality of life and increased
mortality risk. On the other hand, physical exercise is considered a miracle cure in the primary prevention
of at least 35 chronic diseases, including obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. However,
despite many scientific attempts to unveil the health benefits conferred by regular exercise, the underlying
molecular mechanisms driving such benefits are not fully explored. Recent research shows that
exercise-induced bioactive molecules, named exerkines, might play a critical role in the regulation of
metabolic homeostasis and thus prevent metabolic diseases. Here we summarize the current understanding
of the health-promoting effects of exerkines secreted from skeletal muscle, adipose tissue,
bone, and liver, including MOTS-c, BDNF, miR-1, 12,13-diHOME, irisin, SPX, OC, GDF15, and
FGF21 on obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. Identifying the systemic health benefits of
exerkines may open a new area for the discovery of new pharmacological strategies for the prevention
and management of metabolic diseases.