bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immanent Appalachia: Insurgent Practices of Circular
Authors:   University of Tennessee, Magner Jeremy
Published: July 2023

Due to its unique tectonic history and extreme biological diversity, East Tennessee is a place defined by the incredible abundance of natural resources and the inevitable environmental degradation in the exploitation thereof. What we share most truthfully and vividly in the commons of Appalachia are the myriad forms of catastrophe wrought by extraction economies. Representing a body of scholarship undertaken as the Tennessee Architecture Fellow in the University of Tennessee College of Architecture and Design, the work began by investigating the means of production within three dominant material regimes of East Tennessee – the lithic, metallic, and xylological – this project locates three sites as the ‘theater of operations2’ for the development of architectural ‘mock-ups3’ (Figures 1-3) which address the consequences of extraction by inducing circularity in flows of material and labor. Evoking histories of abundance, craft, and community of pre-modern and indigenous4 Appalachian cultures while working directly with material harvested on site, each mock-up seeks to conjure an immanent geopoetic5 agency, generating unique assemblages6 of meaning, feeling, and place in proto- architectural relationships between structure and surface. Speculative fabrication protocols introduced digital precision (Figures 7, 8) to traditional, high-participation means and methods of manual craft in order to manage the inherent complexity and eccentricity of non-standard parts in structural assemblies while foregrounding issues of automation which loom large in the region.
Prelude to International Style: The 1927 Machine-Age Exposition
Authors:   Bowling Green State University, Fan Kerry Sizheng
Published: July 2023

In the mid to late-1920s, European Modernist designs began to appear in New York galleries. These appearances started rather sporadically, but soon evolved into a sensation and were joined by American indigenous Modernist works. Among these displays, the Machine-Age Exposition of 1927 stood out with its wide coverage of Modernist exhibits and a strong theme. Placing the Machine-Age Exposition in historical perspective, this study traces the origins of the Machine-Age Exposition, examines the Modernist exhibits and their accompanying rhetoric, and reviews the contemporary responses of the show. The study also investigates the limitations of the event, as well as the constituents that established the Machine-Age Exposition as the most important event in disseminating Modernism in America in the pre-International Style era.
Control Room Architecture: Towards a Theory
Authors:   Pratt Institute, Moran Brendan D.
Published: July 2023

This paper initiates a theorizing for architecture of what the author terms the control room, interior spaces that might be as thin as a screen or far, far thicker, from which our contemporary networked existence can be productively read and engaged. It establishes control rooms as those entities that share three criteria: they are junctures within a determinate network; they are public; and they display multiple surfaces with multiple images upon them. Moving from images of control rooms on to theoretical images and concluding with a provisional dip into image processing, the investigation relates multi-screen environments by the Eames Office to other depicted spaces and architectural representations, suggesting that Philip Agre’s distinction between surveillance and capture, tied to Michel Foucault’s panopticism and Gilles Deleuze’s society of control, is at the heart of the control room’s logic. Incorporating concepts and interpretations of images, both as representations and as screen captures, from Hélène Lipstadt, Guy Dubord, Jacques Guillerme, and Catherine Ingraham, as well as design ideas from Abbe Laugier, Jeremy Bentham, Gottfried Semper and IKEA, the trip from depiction to surveillance to capture suggests an excursion architecture might yet want to undertake, and perhaps even learn to control.
Addressing othering in architecture education: Learning ethics and empathy
Authors:   Mississippi State University, Gregory Alexis
Published: July 2023

“The talent of imagining human situations is more important for an architect than the gift of fantasizing spaces.” Aulis Blomstedt quoted by Juhani Pallasmaa 1 This paper posits that ethics and empathy are needed in architecture education, not only in professional practice courses, but throughout the entire curriculum. Research shows that students are more successful and engaged when ethics, empathy, and even agency are included in architecture education. Issues like lack of empathy from faculty-to-student, student-to-student, and student-to- client/community partner will be discussed. Case studies will be presented that show ideas that were explored in undergraduate design studios to impart empathy and ethics using agency to better prepare students. The methodology used in these design studios will also be presented and the results of the explorations will be shared. These methods include discussions about inherent bias, exercises in role- playing, reflections, and pre- and post-surveys to gauge student perceptions and what is learned through these studio experiences.
Full Scale and Boundless: Performed Labor Between Design-Build and Fabrication
Authors:   Kent State University, Safley Nick
Published: July 2023

Architects coordinate large numbers of people and quantities of material through technical and aesthetic design decisions. These decisions are always connected to the labor needed to execute those decisions during design, manufacturing, or construction. Educating architects on the relationship between decisions made during design and the labor required to actualize material construction remains challenging for architects as coordinators of those physically constructing the material project. To address this, a seminar course titled Full Scale placed students in a manufacturing facility to work alongside a professional industry partner to realize full-scale mock-ups of a scalable building element. Students focused on the exterior envelope, arguably the most critical and scalable building element architects retain expertise over.1 The course’s objective was to teach students to appreciate the architect’s role as coordinator of construction and manufacturing labor by directly participating in the manufacturing labor of a serial and scalable building component.
The Impact of Governance on the Financial Performance of Companies Listed in Amman and Palestine Stock Exchanges for the Period 2013-2019
Authors: Basalat Hadeel Amjad , Al Koni Saed , Nour Abdul-Naser Ibrahim
Published: July 2023

This research aimed to examine the impact of governance on the financial performance of companies listed in Amman and Palestine stock exchanges, by measuring the governance with several indicators: the gender diversity of board members, the size of the board of directors, duality in the position of the CEO, independence and academic qualifications of board members. As for the financial performance, it is measured using return on assets and return on equity. A sample of (52) industrial companies and (21) banks distributed between the two stock exchanges was studied in the period (2013-2019). The study concluded that there is an insignificant positive effect of gender diversity, a significant adverse effect of the size of the board of directors, the duality in position of the CEO’s job, the independence of the board of directors and an important positive impact of the practical experience of board members on the return on assets. Gender of members in the board, independence and members’ academic qualifications of the board of directors have a significant positive effect, with the presence of an insignificant adverse effect of the size of the board of directors and a significant adverse effect of the duality position of the CEO on the return on equity. Based on the results, the study recommends continuous review of the codes and directing companies to pay attention to corporate-governance practices through laws and legislations to push companies towards the commitment to corporate-governance practices. Also, the continuous review for board members and their experience, commitment and independence should be carried out. It is also recommended that stock exchanges shed light on corporate governance and its importance through holding seminars and workshops attended by managers and decision-makers in companies.
Improvement of piezoelectric properties of epitaxial (K,Na)NbO3 thin films grown on Si substrates
Authors: Tanaka Kiyotaka , Ogawa Rei , Kweon Sang Hyo , Tan Goon , Kanno Isaku
Published: July 2023

Lead-free epitaxial (K0.47Na0.53)NbO3 (KNN) thin films were fabricated on (001)SrRuO3/Pt/ZrO2/Si substrates by RF magnetron sputtering at 650 °C and were post-annealed at the same 650 °C by a rapid thermal annealing (RTA) process. The crystal structure of epitaxial KNN thin films were changed by RTA, i.e. the lattice parameter c in the out-of-plane direction decreased instead of an increase of the parameter a in the in-plane direction. The displacement–electric field curve of the RTA-annealed KNN thin films was symmetrical and the shift of the polarization reversal field was smaller than in the KNN thin films annealed by a conventional furnace. This means that RTA is effective in compensating for oxygen vacancies as well as suppressing the generation of A-site vacancies at the interface between the thin film and the substrate. The converse piezoelectric coefficient ∣e
31,f
∣ of the epitaxial KNN/Si unimorph cantilever was found to improve by up to 7.7 C m−2 due to the decrease in defect density resulting from RTA.
Self-organized Ge1−x
Sn
x
quantum dots formed on insulators and their room temperature photoluminescence
Authors: Hashimoto Kaoru , Shibayama Shigehisa , Asaka Koji , Sakashita Mitsuo , Kurosawa Masashi , Nakatsuka Osamu
Published: July 2023

In this study, we examined the self-organized formation of Ge1−x
Sn
x
quantum dots (QDs) on insulators based on a simple sputtering process and considered their luminescence properties. First, we systematically discussed the control factors in the self-organized formation of Ge1−x
Sn
x
QDs; the introduced Sn content and the deposition temperature should be related to the surface-migration of Sn atoms. Under sufficiently controlled conditions, we achieved the self-organized formation of Ge1−x
Sn
x
QDs surrounded by amorphous-like shells with a dot size of 9.3 nm, Sn content of 19% ± 10%, and dot density of 1.5 × 1011 cm−2 and they showed a 2.0 μm photoluminescence peak at RT. Furthermore, the formation of multilayered Ge1−x
Sn
x
QDs structures was demonstrated, and they exhibited excellent thermal stability up to 400 °C while maintaining a dot-like morphology without causing the agglomeration. Therefore, the self-organized formation of Ge1−x
Sn
x
QDs is useful for realizing light-emitting devices for optical interconnects.
Acoustic metalens with switchable and sharp focusing
Authors: Mei Jun , Fan Lijuan , Hong Xiaobin
Published: July 2023

Sharp and tunable focusing functionality is highly desired in various acoustic application fields. Here, we propose a simply structured metalens for water-borne sounds with a switchable focusing functionality. Each meta-atom in the lens is composed of two elliptical iron cylinders, and is smartly designed so that it can redirect a normally incident plane wave toward the same focal spot. A switchable focusing functionality between a transmissive lens and a reflective one can be achieved by simply rotating the elliptical cylinders. Furthermore, a sharp focusing effect is obtained with a high-intensity concentration ratio along both transverse and longitudinal directions.
أنواع الترب وخصائصها الفيزيائية والكيميائية في حوض وادي العاذر
Authors: ميرفت عبد المجيد علي
Published: July 2023

تقع منطقة الدراسة في وسط الصحراء الغربية ، إذ انه أحد أحواض المنطقة الغربية وتبلغ مساحته (40.031كم2) وتهدف الدراسة إلى التعرف على تربة حوض وادي المعاذر، من خلال الدراسة اتضح أن تربة هذا الحوض من الترب الحديثة التكوين، إذ أن نشوءها جاء متزامناً مع نشوء المنخفضات التي ملأت قيعانها الترسبات المحمولة بواسطة الوديان والمسيلات المائية الحاملة للمواد الرملية والغرينية والطينية من المكاشف الصخرية المجاورة لها، إذ أن تراكم الترسبات على نحو مستمر بمساعدة الامطار في موسم سقوطها جعل من ترب حوض وادي المعاذر حديثة التكوين والدليل على ذلك أن مقاطع التربة التي حفرت اثناء الدراسة دللت على أن عينات التربة المأخوذة اثناء الدراسة الميدانية تتميز بوجود طبقات رسوبية ناشئة من فتات الصخور المنقولة.

وبما أن الترب تكتسب صفاتها من المواد الاولية التي اشتقت منها لذلك فهي تختلف من مكان لاخر تبعاً لاختلاف العناصر المعدنية المكونة لها ([1]).

 

([1]) علي احمد عطيوي ومزيد مجيد عبد وسامي عبد الصاحب، مبادئ استصلاح الاراضي، مطبعة دار الحكمة للطباعة والنشر، الموصل، 1990، ص57.
الأستراتيجية المعرفية وأنعكاساتها في تصميم المنتج الصناعي
Authors: م. د.صلاح نوري محمود
Published: July 2023

تبحث دراسة (الاستراتيجية المعرفية وانعكاساتها على تصميم المنتج الصناعي)، من خلال تناوله المفاهيم والافكار الجديدة التي فسحت المجال في احداث تغيرات واضحة في النتاج المظهري في النظام التصميمي، وتضمن الفصل الاول مشكلة البحث والمتمثلة في مدى امكانية تطبيق الاستراتيجية المعرفية وانعكاسها على تصميم المنتج الصناعي، فيما جاءت الاهمية من خلال سحب معطيات استراتيجية المعرفة من خلال تداخل مبدأ العلم للفن والفن للعلم والذي يحقق كشف لحركة النسق الذهني الالي التصور الذهني واستدعاء مفردات المنتج الصناعي واسلوبية التعامل معه. وصولاً الى هدفه في التوصل لبناء سياقات تطبيقية لتصميم المنتج الصناعي في ضوء الاستراتيجية المعرفية.
Pengaruh Pemberian Terapi Murotal Terhadap Penurunan Skala Nyeri Post Operasi Mastektomi Ca Mammae
Authors: Pasaribu Maya Ade Kusniarti , Sumarni Tri
Published: July 2023

Latar Belakang : Nyeri pada pasien kanker pasca operasi mastektomi dapat disebabkan oleh efek negatif dari luka operasi, serta dapat memberikan dampak fisik dan psikologis pada seseorang, dimana seseorang sering mengalami rasa cemas dan nyeri saat menjalani kemoterapi. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pengaruh terapi murotal terhadap penurunan nyeri pada pasien pasca operasi mastektomi. Metode :Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian studi kasus dengan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2022 dengan instrumen panduan penilaian pengumpulan data. Peneliti menggunakan proses asuhan keperawatan mulai dari tahap pengkajian hingga evaluasi. Hasil :Keluhan yang paling dirasakan dan mengganggu pasien adalah nyeri disekitar area operasi menjalar ke punggung skala 6, nyeri timbul dan pergi dan terasa seperti ditusuk. Nyeri akan terasa saat pasien bergerak. Pemberian intervensi terapi murotal menurunkan nyeri pada ca mammae pasca operasi mastektomi. Kesimpulan: terapi murotal merupakan intervensi yang efektif menurunkan nyeri pasca operasi mastektomi
A Survey on Large Language Models: Applications, Challenges, Limitations, and Practical Usage
Authors: Hadi Muhammad Usman , tashi qasem al , Qureshi Rizwan , Shah Abbas , muneer amgad , Irfan Muhammad , Zafar Anas , Shaikh Muhammad Bilal , Akhtar Naveed , Wu Jia , Mirjalili Seyedali
Published: July 2023

Within the vast expanse of computerized language processing, a revolutionary entity known as Large Language Models (LLMs) has emerged, wielding immense power in its capacity to comprehend intricate linguistic patterns and conjure coherent and contextually fitting responses. Large language models (LLMs) are a type of artificial intelligence (AI) that have emerged as powerful tools for a wide range of tasks, including natural language processing (NLP), machine translation, and question-answering. This survey paper provides a comprehensive overview of LLMs, including their history, architecture, training methods, applications, and challenges. The paper begins by discussing the fundamental concepts of generative AI and the architecture of generative pre- trained transformers (GPT). It then provides an overview of the history of LLMs, their evolution over time, and the different training methods that have been used to train them. The paper then discusses the wide range of applications of LLMs, including medical, education, finance, and engineering. It also discusses how LLMs are shaping the future of AI and how they can be used to solve real-world problems. The paper then discusses the challenges associated with deploying LLMs in real-world scenarios, including ethical considerations, model biases, interpretability, and computational resource requirements. It also highlights techniques for enhancing the robustness and controllability of LLMs, and addressing bias, fairness, and generation quality issues. Finally, the paper concludes by highlighting the future of LLM research and the challenges that need to be addressed in order to make LLMs more reliable and useful. This survey paper is intended to provide researchers, practitioners, and enthusiasts with a comprehensive understanding of LLMs, their evolution, applications, and challenges. By consolidating the state-of-the-art knowledge in the field, this survey serves as a valuable resource for further advancements in the development and utilization of LLMs for a wide range of real-world applications. The GitHub repo for this project is available at https://github.com/anas-zafar/LLM-Survey
Tanggungjawab Pesalah Kanak-Kanak bagi Kesalahan Curi dalam Undang-undang Islam dan Sivil
Authors: Ab Aziz Norjihan , Che Ramli Nur Najaa Syairah
Published: July 2023

Jenayah curi merupakan kesalahan jenayah yang berat, sama ada dalam undang-undang jenayah Islam mahupun sivil. Pesalah yang melakukan kesalahan jenayah curi, mengikut sistem keadilan tradisional perlu bertanggungjawab dengan hukuman. Kanak-kanak yang telah mencapai umur minimum liabiliti jenayah jika melakukan kesalahan jenayah curi juga tidak terlepas. Namun begitu, pesalah kanak-kanak tidak boleh diadili seperti pesalah dewasa. Undang-undang Islam mengecualikan kanak-kanak daripada hukuman hudud bagi kesalahan mencuri, namun boleh bertanggungjawab melalui hukuman takzir. Di Malaysia, pesalah kanak-kanak yang terlibat dalam jenayah curi ditadbir dalam Akta Kanak-kanak 2001, yang boleh dihukum jika disabitkan bersalah. Tanggungjawab pesalah kanak-kanak di Malaysia adalah terbatas pada perintah mahkamah atau hukuman yang diputuskan oleh mahkamah bagi Kanak-Kanak sahaja. Namun begitu Konvensyen Kanak-Kanak Pertubuhan Bangsa-Bangsa Bersatu menggalakkan negara ahli untuk menyelesaikan kesalahan jenayah ringan melalui proses keadilan restoratif bagi membolehkan pesalah kanak-kanak bertanggungjawab secara langsung kepada mangsa. Sebagai contoh, United Kingdom dan Brunei telah membenarkan pesalah kanak-kanak bertanggungjawab atas kesalahan yang dilakukan berdasarkan teori keadilan restoratif. Kajian ini mengkaji bagaimana pesalah kanak-kanak boleh bertanggungjawab terhadap mangsa berdasarkan undang-undang Islam dan sivil serta pemakaiannya di negara-negara terpilih, dan di Malaysia. Kajian ini mencadangkan agar Akta Kanak-kanak 2001 dipinda bagi membolehkan pesalah kanak-kanak turut bertanggungjawab secara langsung terhadap mangsa melalui proses keadilan restoratif. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah doktrinal yang merujuk sumber primer dan sekunder yang terdapat dalam kepustakaan seperti peruntukan undang-undang, kes-kes yang diputuskan, buku, makalah jurnal dan sebagainya.
Association of Vitamin D and Calcium Levels with Thyroid Status in the Southern Region of Saudi Arabia
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Alqahtani Saif Aboud M.
Published: July 2023

Thyroid dysfunction is the most prevalent endocrine disorder worldwide. Thyroid hormone has a crucial role in maintaining a wide array of metabolic homeostasis. In addition to calcium and bone metabolism, vitamin D influences nonskeletal activities, including the thyroid gland. Therefore, hypovitaminosis D is considered a risk factor for the emergence of many thyroid dysfunctions. In this investigation, we aimed to investigate the association of vitamin D and serum calcium levels with thyroid dysfunction. In this investigation, 2,735 (1,438 females and 1,297 males) laboratory findings from the public, government hospital laboratories, and medical clinics serving chronic patients in the south region (Asir region) of Saudi Arabia were screened over the course of one year. The vitamin D level was significantly lower in both female and male patients in the hypothyroidism category than in the hyperthyroidism and euthyroidism groups. The influence of total serum calcium level was not significant in any thyroid dysfunction category. A high prevalence of normal levels of total serum calcium was observed in all thyroid status groups. A partial correlation between total serum calcium and vitamin D and TSH among thyroid dysfunction patients demonstrated a significant negative correlation between vitamin D and TSH and a nonsignificant negative correlation between total serum calcium level and TSH among hypothyroidism categories. However, in the hypothyroidism group, total serum calcium demonstrated a negative correlation with TSH, while vitamin D showed a positive correlation with TSH.
Identifikácia internetových obchodov umožňujúcich nelegálny predaj neregistrovaných výživových doplnkov s obsahom zakázaných látok
Authors:   Akadémia Policajného zboru v Bratislave, Cehlárik Ľuboš , Zachar Štefan
Published: July 2023

Predkladaná práca sa zameriava na farmaceutickú kriminalitu a problematiku internetového predaja nelegálnych farmaceutických produktov s obsahom zakázaných látok. Cieľom práce bolo mapovanie slovenského internetového prostredia so zameraním na vyhľadanie internetových obchodov poskytujúcich nelegálny predaj neregistrovaných výživových doplnkov s obsahom selektívnych modulátorov androgénnych receptorov – andarínu, ligandrolu, ostarínu a testolónu. Prostredníctvom rozšírených skríningových možností internetového vyhľadávača sme identifikovali 16 internetových obchodov, ktoré umožňovali predaj neregistrovaných výživových doplnkov, ktoré v príslušných internetových popisoch produktov, internetových textoch alebo etiketách obalov deklarovali obsah selektívnych modulátorov androgénnych receptorov.
Limity poštovního tajemství a jeho vliv na dokazování v trestním řízení – postřehy z praxe policejního orgánu
Authors:   Vysoká škola evropských a regionálních studií, Hruška Jiří
Published: July 2023

Autor v předkládaném příspěvku ve stručnosti charakterizuje státem uloženou a uznanou povinnost mlčenlivosti a uvádí některé její typické případy, včetně odkazu na příslušné právní předpisy. Stěžejním tématem příspěvku je poštovní tajemství a stanovení jeho hranic pro účely trestního řízení. Za problematický lze v této souvislosti pokládat zejména výklad pojmu poštovní služba. Uvedenou problematiku demonstruje autor názorně na konkrétním případu z praxe.
Spektroskopická charakterizace peptidů a polypeptidů pro podporu růstu svalové hmoty
Authors:   Vysoká škola chemicko-technologická v Praze, Králík František , Kvíčalová Anna , Kuchař Martin , Setnička Vladimír
Published: July 2023

Ghrelin je hormon, který u člověka podporuje chuť k jídlu, a je proto někdy označován jako „hormon hladu“. V lidském organismu se váže na receptor GHS-R1a, což vede k uvolňování růstového hormonu. Sektretagoga růstového hormonu (growth hormone secretagogues, GHSs) jsou skupina látek, které interagují s receptorem GHS-R1a podobně jako ghrelin, a podporují tak rychlý nárůst svalové hmoty. Přestože jsou GHSs zakázány Světovou antidopingovou organizací, stále dochází k jejich zneužívání jak profesionálními, tak rekreačními sportovci a kulturisty. Vzhledem k současné situaci je třeba vyvíjet spolehlivé analytické metody, které by umožnily jednoznačnou a pokud možno rychlou identifikaci těchto látek. V této práci je představena spektroskopie elektronového cirkulárního dichroismu jako inovativní, rychlá a spolehlivá metoda pro analýzu peptidických GHSs.
Vliv opotřebení obuvi na individuální znaky v trasologických stopách
Authors:   Vysoká škola finanční a správní, Straus Jiří , Olexa Martina , Sadílek Zdeněk
Published: July 2023

Autoři se v článku zabívají opotřebováním obuvi a faktory ovlivňující vznik znaků, které jsou významné pro individuální identifikaci obuvi. Trasologická stopa v sobě nese velké množství informací a její zkoumání se orientuje nejen k určení druhové identifikace podle dezénu a velikosti, ale především na určení individuální identifikace podle individuálních znaků, které vznikly během výroby, používání nebo oprav. Autoři provedli experiment, při kterém si kladli za cíl zjistit, jak vysoká je míra pravděpodobnosti, že by při aktivním nošení obuvi po dobu deseti měsíců zcela vymizely, nebo se výrazně změnily individuální znaky.
A LOOK AT THE DIGITAL ENVIRONMENT FROM A HYGIENIC POINT OF VIEW
Authors: Languev Konstantin Alexandrovich , Langueva Elena Viktorovna , Bogomolova Elena Sergeevna
Published: July 2023

Modernization of the school education system is the main task of the Russian educational policy. The introduction of digital learning tools into the educational process, their continued use by students during training sessions requires a new understanding from a hygienic point of view, improvement of medical and preventive support of students in the educational process. The article substantiates the need to prevent the adverse impact of the digital environment on the health of students.
CLINICAL EFFECTS OF SODERM -FORTE CREAM FOR PSORIASIS: PILOT PROJECT
Authors: Abakumova Yulia Vladimirovna , Matusevich Oleg Vladimirovich , Fedulkina Ksenia Aleksandrovna
Published: July 2023

A study of the effectiveness of the external application of Soderm -forte cream in patients with various stages of vulgar psoriasis was conducted. It was revealed that the cream containing recombinant human superoxide dismutase and cluster silver as active components reduces peeling and itching, cleanses the surface of psoriatic plaques, eliminates the Kebner phenomenon, leads to a decrease in the lesion area and the disappearance of small plaques. Further study of the effectiveness of Soderm-forte cream in the complex treatment of psoriasis is advisable.
PROSPECTS FOR THE INTEGRATION OF THE ECONOMY OF THE LUHANSK PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC INTO THE SPACE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION: PROSPECTS AND REALITIES
Authors: Salita Svetlana Viktorovna , Kutsenko Natalia Adolfovna , Golubtsova Oksana Anatoliivna
Published: July 2023

The article considers aspects of the integration of the economy of the Luhansk People's Republic into the socio-economic space of the Russian Federation. The analysis of modern features of socio-economic development allowed us to establish that the resources formed in modern conditions are a prerequisite for the structural transformation of the economy of the LPR into the economy of the Russian Federation.
IMPACT OF SOLID PRECIPITATION RESERVES ON THE SPRING RUNOFF OF THE VYATKA RIVER
Authors: Fomicheva Nailya Nikolaevna , Sokolova Yana Vladimirovna
Published: July 2023

The article provides data on the hydrological regime of the Vyatka River. Calculations of runoff and moisture reserves in the snow cover were performed by the computational and graphical method. Conclusions are drawn about the relationship of snow reserves and runoff during high water in the closing formation.
CREATION OF KNOWLEDGE BASES IN NATIONAL LANGUAGES OF BUSINESS PROSE WITHOUT PROGRAMMERS
Authors: Evgenev Georgi Borisovich
Published: July 2023

Software engineering is described, which ensures the creation of intelligent systems by non-programming users in various natural languages. The presentation of knowledge modules for non-programmers and the generation of knowledge bases based on them is introduced. The principles of creating knowledge bases should be "humanization" and "automation" of programming. Humanization should be based on the language of "business prose", as close as possible to natural. Described: knowledge base dictionary, combined modules with formulas, table modules, geometric procedure modules, database selection modules, 3D model generation modules.
FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF LEGAL LITERACY OF STUDENTS OF NON-LEGAL AREAS OF PREPARATION IN THE PROCESS OF MASTERING THE DISCIPLINE «FUNDAMENTALS OF THE LEGAL STATUS OF A PERSON AND A CITIZEN OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION»
Authors: Фролова Елена Вячеславовна
Published: July 2023

В научной статье рассматривается проблема формирования правовой грамотности студентов неюридических направлений подготовки в процессе правового образования в вузе. Сделан вывод о том, что правовая грамотность - это качество личности, выражающееся в совокупности правовых знаний и способности руководствоваться ими в различных сферах жизнедеятельности. Предложены некоторые пути, способствующие повышению эффективности формирования правовой грамотности студентов неюридических направлений подготовки за счет внедрения в учебные планы элективного курса «Основы правового статуса человека и гражданина» (на примере ФГБОУ ВО «Югорский государственный университет»).

Legal education at the university. It is concluded that legal literacy is a quality of personality expressed in the totality of legal knowledge and the ability to be guided by them in various spheres of life. Some ways are proposed that contribute to improving the effectiveness of the formation of legal literacy of students of non-legal areas of training through the introduction of the elective course «Fundamentals of the legal status of a person and a citizen» into the curricula (using the example of the Ugra State University).
FORMATION OF ANTI-CRISIS COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE OF BACHELOR ECONOMISTS: THE PRINCIPLE OF INTERDISCIPLINARITY
Authors: Андрух Алина Олеговна
Published: July 2023

В статье рассматриваются эффективные условия применения принципа междисциплинарности при формировании антикризисной коммуникативной компетенции бакалавров-экономистов.

The article discusses the effective conditions for the application of the principle of interdisciplinarity in the formation of anti-crisis communicative competence of bachelor economists.
EFFICIENCY OF ORGANIC FERTILIZERS IN GROWING WINTER WHEAT IN STAVROPOL KRAI
Authors: Голосной Евгений Валерьевич , Марцинкевич Вячеслав Михайлович
Published: July 2023

Опыт проведён в 2019-2022 гг. в Ставропольском крае на черноземе южном. Объектом исследований являлся сорт озимой пшеницы Еланчик. Предшественник - кукуруза на зерно.

The experiment was carried out in 2019-2022. in the Stavropol Territory on the southern chernozem. The object of research was the winter wheat variety Elanchik. Predecessor - corn for grain.
On segmentation of brain tumors by MRI images with deep learning methods
Authors:   Dr. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Professor, Mathematics Department, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Shchetinin Eugene Yu.
Published: July 2023

Segmentation of a brain tumor is one of the most difficult tasks in the analysis of medical images. The purpose of brain tumor segmentation is to create an accurate outline of brain tumor areas. Gliomas are the most common type of brain tumors. Diagnosis of patients with this disease is based on the analysis of the results of magnetic resonance imaging and segmentation of the tumor boundaries manually. However, due to the time-consuming nature of the manual segmentation process and errors, there is a need for a fast and reliable automatic segmentation algorithm. In recent years, deep learning methods have shown promising effectiveness in solving various computer vision problems, such as image classification, object detection and semantic segmentation. A number of methods based on deep learning have been applied to segmentation of brain tumors, and promising results have been achieved. The article proposes a hybrid method for solving the problem of segmentation of brain tumors based on its MRI images based on the U-Net architecture, the encoder of which uses a model of a deep convolutional neural network pre-trained on a set of ImageNet images. Among such models were used VGG16, VGG19, MobileNetV2, Inception, ResNet50, EfficientNetb7, InceptionResnetV2, DenseNet201, DenseNet121. Based on the hybrid method, the TL-U-Net model was implemented, and numerical experiments were carried out to train it with different encoder models for segmentation of brain tumors based on its MRI images. Computer experiments on a set of MRI images of the brain showed the effectiveness of the proposed approach, the best encoder model turned out to be the neural network Densenet121, which provided indicators of segmentation accuracy MeanIoU=90.34%, MeanDice=94.33%, accuracy=94.17%. The obtained estimates of segmentation accuracy are comparable or exceed similar estimates obtained by other researchers.
Algorithms for composing efficient business models
Authors:   Dr. Sci. (Econ.), Professor, Information Systems in Economics Department, Saint Petersburg State University, Khalin Vladimir G. , Yurkov Alexander V. ,   Dr. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Professor, Information Systems in Economics Department, Saint Petersburg State University, Kalayda Svetlana A. ,   Dr. Sci. (Econ.), Associate Professor, Risk Management and Insurance Department, Saint Petersburg State University, Chernova Galina V. ,   Dr. Sci. (Econ.), Professor, Risk Management and Insurance Department, Saint Petersburg State University
Published: July 2023

Solving the problems of effective business management is associated with a variety of current goals facing the same and, by implication, requires the construction of appropriate models of efficient business. The article presents two problems of doing business which, apart from their common target being an improvement of business efficiency, have different current goals. The creation or development of any business involves the construction of a specific business plan for it, including a list of those areas of business development, the implementation of which will increase its efficiency. The first problem considered in the article is related to the phased implementation of all areas of efficiency improvement in order to ultimately obtain the greatest efficiency of their realization. The second one solves the problem of increasing efficiency by partially implementing efficiency improvement directions from the initial list, taking into account certain limitations, for example, in conditions of limited company resources. For the construction of models which would meet the problems set, an efficiency criterion is substantiated and proposed in the article, and Algorithms 1 and 2 are developed which made it possible to build the efficient business models which take into account the difference in its current goals. The authors have developed a multi-stage Algorithm 1 for the generation of individual sets of areas for improvement of efficiency to be used to solve the tasks at hand. Algorithm 2 implemented at each stage of Algorithm 1 has been developed by the authors by using the Pareto optimality method but supplemented by taking into account the features and objectives of the current tasks set for the business. The use of such algorithms has made it possible to build efficient business models enabling not only to obtain an economic effect inherent to each efficiency improvement area, but also to ensure additional growth thereof driven by the properties of the developed algorithms.
Políticas públicas que promueven la cultura científica
Authors: Falcón Zelaya Viviana Ester
Published: July 2023

El presente trabajo analiza la forma en que las Políticas Públicas promueven el desarrollo de la cultura científica en la Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnología (FaCyT) de la Universidad Nacional de Itapúa (UNI), Encarnación-Paraguay. Tal abordaje radica en que cuanto mayor sea el grado de alfabetización científica de los ciudadanos, mayor desarrollo científico y tecnológico tendrá Paraguay. La finalidad de este estudio es describir la forma en que las Políticas Públicas promueven el desarrollo de la Cultura Científica, en la FaCyT de la UNI, 2018-2019. Esta tarea fue conseguida a través del enfoque mixto empleando los métodos cuantitativo y cualitativo, con diseño concurrente, donde los instrumentos de recolección de datos fueron validados por juicio de experto, y cuyos participantes fueron los principales directivos, docentes y alumnos del último semestre de cada una de las carreras vigentes e investigadores de la FaCyT. Entre los principales resultados obtenidos se encuentran los mecanismos empleados para el desarrollo de la investigación científica que son las derivadas del Libro Blanco para la educación superior. Entre los factores que influyen en el fortalecimiento de la gestión para la investigación se identificaron las motivaciones de alumnos y docentes investigadores, así como en qué proyectos se encontraban trabajando. Con respecto a la manera de vincular docencia e investigación se encontró una relación positiva en la aplicación de la investigación como estrategia de aprendizaje. Los resultados obtenidos indican el empeño y buena gestión de la FaCyT en relación a la investigación científica.
Competencias tecnológicas en los docentes
Authors: Paniagua Centurión Elena Concepción
Published: July 2023

El objeto del presente estudio se orienta en dilucidar en torno a  las competencias tecnológicas que debe poseer e implementar el docente durante su praxis y además se subraya la necesaria articulación con estrategias didácticas acordes para usar con las TIC y poder así concitar en el mayor aprovechamiento a las TIC. La metodología usada fue bajo el enfoque cualitativo, y se basó en la revisión bibliográfica, con la técnica de análisis documental. Los epílogos dan cuenta que: La formación de los docentes y su capacitación profesional continua, resulta fundamental para maximizar el aprovechamiento de los beneficios de las TIC; y de esa manera se podrá propiciar espacios de aprendizaje para que los educandos desarrollen las capacidades necesarias, incluyendo competencias digitales con aplicabilidad para la vida. A la luz de las nuevas formas de enseñanza, el docente puede disponer de diversos recursos y estrategias didácticas a usar a través de la tecnología. Se hace necesario reducir las brechas digitales para que los educandos logren el acceso a la educación con equidad, calidad  e inclusión; y además resulta ineludible disminuir la brecha digital en los docentes para que se logre un mejor abordaje en la actividad pedagógica. La formación de los docentes en el uso de las TIC contribuye en la calidad educativa. Como desafío se destaca que los Estados y las instituciones educativas están llamados a que bajo sus políticas, proporcionen alternativas para impulsar y complementar la formación de los docentes en el uso de las tecnologías digitales en aras de lograr el mayor aprovechamiento y apropiación de las TIC para una educación de calidad y con pertinencia.
Treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin in a subclinical neonatal myocarditis – Review of the literature and a case report
Authors:   Department of Neonatology, Mures Clinical County Hospital, Targu-Mures, Romania, Racean Maria-Andreea , Suciu Laura Mihaela ,   Department of Neonatology, Mures Clinical County Hospital, Targu-Mures, Romania,   Department of Neonatology, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Targu-Mures, Romania, Beligan Laura ,   Department of Pediatrics, Emergency Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases and Heart Transplant, Targu-Mures, Romania, Marginean Cristina Oana ,   Department of Pediatrics, Clinical County Emergency Hospital, Targu-Mures, Romania,   Department of Pediatrics, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Targu-Mures, Romania
Published: July 2023

Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardium that is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We present the case of a male infant born at 38 weeks gestational age detected with subclinical myocarditis. The diagnosis was suggested by the raised cardiac enzymes, small voltages on electrocardiogram and biventricular hypertrophy on echocardiography. The newborn was managed with supportive, immunomodulatory therapy, diuretics and anti-platelet agents (Aspirin). Early intravenous immunoglobulin administration may have helped to reduce morbidity and mortality, even if administration of intravenous immunoglobulin is not yet clearly established in the neonatal population.
Cognitive impairment in major depressive disorder
Authors:   Children's Emergency Hospital, Cluj Napoca, Romania, Suciu Bianca D. , Panescu Ramona ,   Psychiatry Department, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Miclutia Ioana ,   Psychiatry Department, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Published: July 2023

Cognitive impairment was considered for a long time to be part of depression and it was expected to disappear as other mood symptoms improved with treatment. Because of this assumption, cognitive complaints were rarely assessed or did not seem important enough in determining the best treatment strategy for major depressive disorder (MDD). The majority of studies revealed that cognitive deficits are present in all cognitive domains, mostly in executive functions, attention, verbal fluency and memory. Recognizing cognitive dysfunctions, even when the patients' evaluation is within a so called normal range, is an important aspect because in reality they perform significantly below their premorbid level. Currently there is plenty of evidence to support that cognitive impairment is a core symptom for MDD.
Axis II comorbidity and its effect on axis I diagnosis and management
Authors:   IX Ward “Prof. Dr. Al. Obregia” Academic Psychiatric Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Barbu Elena Raluca , Custureac-Popescu Andreea ,   IX Ward “Prof. Dr. Al. Obregia” Academic Psychiatric Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Prelipceanu Dan ,   IX Ward “Prof. Dr. Al. Obregia” Academic Psychiatric Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
Published: July 2023

Ongoing research demonstrates a striking tendency for personality disorders and mental illness to co-occur, almost all Axis I categories being associated with maladaptive personality traits/criteria across the three personality disorder clusters. The high comorbidity rates between the two axes can be explained by models of association, the structure of personality and even common genetic vulnerabilities. As these links are being identified, the distinction between Axis I and Axis II traditional diagnostic formulations are becoming increasingly blurred, indicating the need for new nosological systems. We present a brief review on the implications of Axis II comorbidity in diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of mental disorders.
Prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms in very old population compared to old population
Authors:   Department of Psychiatry, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Matei Valentin ,   “Alexandru Obregia” Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, Bucharest, Romania, Grigoras Ruxandra ,   Voila Psychiatric Hospital, Campina, Romania, Purnichi Traian ,   Psychiatry Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
Published: July 2023

Introduction. The number of old people is increasing fast in both developed and underdeveloped countries. Both depression and anxiety have high prevalence in the old age group. There are some conflicting reports regarding the prevalence of depression and anxiety across separate older age groups. The purpose of our study is to compare the prevalence of depression and anxiety in the old age group with very old age group. Objectives. We compared the prevalence of depression and anxiety in two groups of old people, the first one aged 60-79 years and the second one with aged ≥80 years. Methods. We applied the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) to 82 of people aged ≥60 years. HADS is a self-rating scale with 14 items, 7 attributed to depression and 7 to anxiety symptoms (27). On each item, the patient can score from 0 to 3, meaning that a person can score between 0 and 21 for either anxiety or depression; the cut-off point is ≥ 8 for anxiety or depression. Then we compared with chi-square the differences in prevalence of depression and anxiety in the two age groups. Results. From the total number of very old, 83.33% experienced depression compared to 42.85% from their younger counterpart. A statistically significant higher percent from the very old compared to the old people experienced depression: OR=1.309, CI=1.066-1.609, p=.005. From the total number of the old patients, a number of 71.4% presented anxiety compared to 58.3% from the very old age group, without statistically significant differences between the two groups: OR=.686, CI=.319-1.474, p=.498. Conclusions. Depression and anxiety are present with very high rates of prevalence in the old age patients. Still, there is an increase in risk for depression in the very old age group. More research for identifying risk and protective factors in different segments of the old age people are necessary for both depression and anxiety.
Acute psychotic episode in a patient with HIV encephalopathy
Authors:   “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia” Psychiatric Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Talasman Ana-Anca , Dolfi Alexandra ,   “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia” Psychiatric Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Nae Mihaela ,   “Sf. Ioan” Emergency Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
Published: July 2023

We present a case of a 29 year-old man who developed his first acute psychotic episode in the context of a HIV infection Stage 3 complicated with leukoencephalopathy. Both the infection and the cerebral complications were discovered during his two weeks hospitalization in the Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry ”Prof. Dr. Al. Obregia” since January 4th to January 19th 2017, the final diagnosis being of acute organic psychosis associated to HIV infection. The most frequent psychiatric symptoms related to HIV infection are dementia and depression. Even if secondary psychosis associated with HIV leukoencephalopathy is not common, this diagnosis must be taken into consideration when a psychotic patient presents to the on call room, especially if risk factors are associated.
Animal Models in Periodontology: A Review
Authors:   Department of Periodontology, Yenepoya Dental College, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India, Naeem Abdul , Boloor Vinita , Rajesh K S , Hegde Shashikanth , Rao Anupama
Published: July 2023

In periodontal research, animal studies are complementary to in vitro experiments prior to testing new treatments. Animal models should make possible the validation of hypotheses and prove the safety and efficacy of new regenerating approaches using biomaterials, growth factors or stem cells. Rats, hamsters, rabbits, ferrets, dogs, and primates are just a few of the many kinds of animals that have been utilised as models for human periodontal illnesses and therapies. However, animal anatomy and physiopathology differ from those of humans, making it challenging to assess novel treatments. Major periodontal diseases (gingivitis and periodontitis), their development, and innovative surgical procedures have all been studied using experimental models. This review's objective is to draw attention to the animal models that are available for dentistry research. Keywords: Periodontal disease, Animal models, Biomaterials, Periodontal surgery