bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Fort York Footbridges in Toronto. The first Duplex Stainless-Steel bridges in North America
Authors: Sobrino Juan A.
Published: March 2021

In April 2015, the city of Toronto selected a proposal for the Fort York Pedestrian and Cycle Bridge project in a design-build competition. The project is located just west of the main downtown area of Toronto and provides a key link between Stanley Park to the north and the historic area of Fort York – the birth place of Toronto- crossing two rail corridors. Construction started in August 2016 and inauguration is expected by June 2019.

The project includes two pedestrian bridges. The awarded design proposal includes an unprecedented technical innovation in North America: the use of Duplex Stainless Steel on the entire structure. This pioneering use of a forefront technology provides premium aesthetics within a unique setting in addition to a safe and durable asset for the community. The structure has an extended life cycle, is more corrosion-resistant and requires less maintenance, reducing its overall cost.

Each bridge is supported by a single arch rib inclining at 18 º to provide a slender, transparent, and elegant impression. The two arches tilt in opposite direction, and the overall layout resembles a Yin & Yang shape to emphasize both contrast and continuity, expressing a modern, understated and elegant aesthetic.

This paper discusses the concept, detailed design, structural behaviour and bridge erection.
Ending the Market for Human Slavery Through Design
Authors: Oppenheimer Nat , deBaca Luis C.
Published: March 2021

The design and construction of structures throughout history has too often been realized through the labor of enslaved people, both in the direct construction of these structures and in the procurement and fabrication of building materials. This is as true today as it was at the time of the pyramids.

Despite the challenges, the design and construction industries have a moral and ethical obligation to eradicate modern human trafficking practices. If done right, this shift will also lead to commercial advances.

Led by the Grace Farms Foundation, a Connecticut-based non-profit organization, a working group composed of design professionals, builders, owners, and academics has set out to eliminate the use of modern slaves within the built environment through awareness, agency, and tangible tools. Although inspired by the success of the green building movement, this initiative does not use the past as a template. Rather, we are committed to work with the most advanced tracking and aggregation technology to give owners, builders, and designers the tools they need to allow for clear and concise integration of real-time data into design and construction documents.

This paper summarizes the history of the issue, the moral, ethical, and commercial call to action, and the tangible solutions – both existing and emergent – in the fight against modern-day slavery in the design and construction industries.

Our intent is to present this material via a panel discussion. The panel will include an owner, an international owner’s representative, a builder, a big data specialist, an architect, an engineer, and a writer/academic who will act as moderator.
Effects of Problem Formulation on Engineering Innovativeness
Authors: Ruge Johanna , Fahnenmueller Lennart , Bögle Annette
Published: March 2021

Any building project requires the formulation of boundary conditions and expectations, the so-called problem formulation. Hereby, quality and scope of the problem formulation significantly set the frame for innovative and sustainable solutions by structural engineers. While recent problem formulation research scrutinized strategic organizational issues, this paper focuses on problem formulation influencing the work of structural engineers from two aspects: (1) who is responsible for the problem formulation and (2) what is the quality and scope of the problem formulation (does it describe qualities of the expected result or define the structure quantitatively?). Depending on these aspects, the problem formulation restricts the solution space of the engineer to a greater or lesser degree, opening the question whether an optimal degree of freedom to foster engineering innovativeness exists. Three explorative case studies are examined for this purpose: (1) the Elbphilharmonie, an architectural icon, characterized through strong interplay between client and architect;

(2) the European Central Bank premises, a high-rise with an integral architecture-engineering-concept that emerged from an extensive competition; (3) the Gänsebachtalbrücke, an engineering structure, influenced significantly by an audit authority. After a brief introduction to problem formulation research and a description of the methodology, a storyline for each case is presented. The initial problem formulations, the problem formulators, the approaches to solve the problem as well as the solution space are analyzed. The cases indicate that to develop innovative structural designs, the structural engineers should be integrated early in the project to be able to shape and participate in the problem formulation process. A functional problem formulation and a collaborative approach of all designing actors to solve it can spur innovativeness. However, more research on this topic is recommended to confirm the findings of this exploratory paper.
Timber modification by radio wave technology
Authors: Pfütze Christian
Published: March 2021

The following paper describes how radio wave thermal modification at temperatures above 160°C can improve the durability of timber. It also broadens possible applications in areas where the timber decays faster under natural conditions. During the process, cellulose areas are modified to absorb less water. The treated timber is more resistant to decaying fungi. The heat required for this process is generated by polarization at a molecular level, similar to a microwave oven. However, the frequency of the radio and microwaves are different. (The frequency of radio and microwave are 13.56MHz and 2.45GHz respectively.) Radio waves have an advantage of higher permeability by several meters whereas microwaves can only heat a few centimeters. It is also possible to generate temperatures greater than 100°C, due to the frequency of radio waves polarizing water molecules and achieving ionic polarization. Therefore, it is possible to heat dry materials. The modified timber samples are analyzed for mechanical und hygric properties. The results show a positive influence on hydrologic properties by improving durability.
A trial construction of high durability railway viaducts with local aggregates
Authors: Kawamura Kotaro , Takemura Joe , Iguchi Shigenobu , Yoshida Tsutomu , Kobayashi Masashi
Published: March 2021

We are carrying out a construction project of new railroad viaducts. These new railroad viaducts are constructing using about 110,000 m3volume concrete. In this construction place, it is difficult for us to get low ASR-reactive aggregates and it is expected to be supplied with snowmelt water on the viaducts in winter. Then we tested ASR-reactive these local aggregates and found an effective mixed ratio of fly-ash is 20% of cement. On the other hand, various side effects were also expected by using fly-ash. For example, initial cracking due to contraction, early strength concrete, bleeding, etc. Therefore, we repeated various tests and examined and carried out a method that could ensure the same construction method and quality as when using ordinary Portland cement, even with fly-ash. Also, we adopted a structure that is unlikely to be affected by rainwater as a structural measure. For example, the entire adoption of a ramen type viaduct that has eliminated bearings, adoption of FRP sound barrier, etc. Then we made it possible to build highly durable railway viaducts by these various measures of materials and structures.
Stay Cable Anti icing Technologies Developments
Authors: Cros Emmanuel , Guesdon Matthieu , Erdogan Julien Erdem , Zivanovic Ivica
Published: March 2021

Stay cables are exposed to atmospheric icing which may lead to aerodynamic instability, and safety concerns when large sections of ice fall from the cables onto the bridge deck and unsuspecting users.

New technologies are currently being developed to provide a robust system to minimize ice shedding events for bridges facing this issue, without compromising stay cable aerodynamic requirements. Freyssinet’s Ice Formation Control System has been developed as a combination of self-acting and active systems. The self- acting system is based on a duct with specific treatment and is studied to reduce significantly the frequency of ice shedding event, while the active system allows the removal of exceptional massive ice accretion on the cable duct before it poses a critical risk.

The combination of these systems offers preventive and de-icing solutions with an optimized efficiency and low energy costs. When coupled with a weather prediction system, it allows bridge owners to predict rare critical ice accretion occurrence and avoid unanticipated closure of the bridge while maintaining a high level of safety for bridge users.
Case studies of corrosion risk assessment using ISO 9223 and ISO 9224
Authors: Gedge Graham , Walport Emily , Frydman Bruna
Published: March 2021

Conventional corrosion risk assessment has typically adopted a qualitative rather than quantitative approach. A previous paper by the authors described in detail a methodology for quantitative assessment using a method given in ISO 9223 and historic data sets. The approach can provide much less conservative results. This paper, presents detailed case studies, further exploring the benefits of this methodology using the ISO 9223 Dose Response Function (DRF) and calculation of long-term loss using ISO 9224. The examples show different benefits of the approach including evaluation of corrosion allowance for weathering steel (WS) in harsh environments and less conservative assessment of environments adjacent to highways and near heavy industry.
Innovative Seismic Design using Performance-based Procedures
Authors: Handzhiyski Lachezar V. , Moore Kevin S.
Published: March 2021

In modern projects, performance based seismic design (PBD) procedures are often used to design buildings in areas of high seismic activity that meet defined performance objectives instead of prescriptive building code requirements or have certain features and configurations that are not normally permitted by the building codes. Evaluating buildings with PBD is computationally intensive and time-consuming, resulting in little opportunity for iteration during the design development phase. This paper illustrates how rigorous use of PBD can result in less expensive and more sustainable buildings that meet the intent of building codes with a higher degree of precision than typical code-compliant designs.

Several examples show the relative cost of a building designed using PBD procedures compared with that of a conventional code-based design. The first example compares a PBD concrete core-only system with a code- based dual system comprising concrete core walls and moment frames. The second example presents direct benefit resulting from PBD, reducing vertical and confining steel reinforcing in concrete wall buildings. The third example shows PBD reducing column and foundation demands in structural steel braced frame buildings. Project stakeholders can use the presented data to evaluate the economic viability of PBD for their structures.
Shear characteristics of perfobond strip with SFRM based on push-out and pull-out tests
Authors: Nguyen Minh Hai , Nakajima Akinori , Fujikura Shuichi , Niimura Ryo , Mizutori Miryu
Published: March 2021

In order to sufficiently ensure the shear performance of perfobond strip connectors in steel-concrete hybrid structures, reinforcements are generally arranged inside the connection for enhancing the restraint effect around the perfobond strip. Alternatively, the restraint effect around the perfobond strip can be enhanced by using the steel fiber reinforced mortar (SFRM) for the connection. This study aims to investigate the shear characteristics of the perfobond strip combining with SFRM in the condition without the surrounding reinforcements. The push-out and pull-out tests are carried out, and the experimental parameters are the compressive strength of SFRM, the dimensions of the perfobond steel plate and the surrounding mortar block. The influences of experimental parameters including the test method on the shear characteristics of the perfobond strip are discussed from the experimental results.
Inspection and Load Rating of P-T Segmental Bridges
Authors: Sauter Brett W. , Durbak Alex P.
Published: March 2021

The interchange of the Veterans Memorial Tollway (I-355) and the Ronald Reagan Memorial Tollway (I-88) in Downers Grove, Illinois includes four post-tensioned (P-T) segmental concrete box girder bridges erected with different techniques. Built in 1988, they range in length from 170m (558’) to over 610m (2,000’) on horizontally curved alignments To maintain the integrity of this vital infrastructure, the Illinois Tollway tasked Ciorba Group to perform full in-depth inspection, material testing, assessment of the P-T condition, and load rating. As part of this project we performed non-destructive testing of the P-T strands at select locations using ground penetrating radar and impact echo technology.

After the detailed inspection, the bridges were load rated taking into account the deterioration noted and using a time dependent Finite Element Analysis. We re-calculated all stresses as “locked-in” during bridge erection. The ramp bridges were load rated for the current single lane configuration as well as a potential future two lane configuration. An overall load rating and condition report was prepared which evaluated various bridge repairs and strengthening options including the use of UHPC structural overlay.
MTA NYCT Enhanced Station Initiative Program: Innovation in Design Build Information Management, Passenger Modeling, and VR
Authors: Garavito-Bruhn Eci , Rimington James , Martin Roland , Towell Neil , Corsten Chad
Published: March 2021

The Enhanced Station Initiative (ESI) is an ambitious program to rehabilitate and enhance existing New York City Subway stations under an aggressive schedule, using Design-Build contracts. This paper will describe an innovative approach to project information management for the development of concept documents, sharing of information within the project team, and during design and construction, as well as using passenger modeling and virtual reality (VR). Several key software applications and platforms will be discussed, including a project developed dashboard, a collaborative document control system with version-control, a construction management submittal and document control system, a passenger modeling application, and virtual reality (VR) experiences. The paper will focus particularly on the innovative ESI dashboard, a web-based platform developed as a single source for accessing project information. The document control systems were used for contract and construction document production, collaboration and management. The paper will also present the advanced passenger modeling performed with MassMotion and the immersive VR environments used to understand how the confluence of discipline specific designs impact a future user’s experience of the station.
Successful Moveable Bridges
Authors: Thomsen Kjeld , Petersen Christian Riis
Published: March 2021

The present paper describes developments in the design of the most common types of movable bridges – Bascule bridges and Swing Bridges. The selection of design concepts is influenced by span, foundation conditions as well as environmental issues. Application of modern hydraulic systems and innovative bearing types for swing bridges facilitate the creation of outstanding designs. Recently built moveable bridges in Denmark exemplifies the trend and how application of modern technology and creativity can lead to outstanding solutions. There are many governing parameters such as the span, free opening height and loading conditions. Equally important issues such as surroundings, landscape, foundation conditions, requirement to low weight, achievable tolerances and from a mechanical point of view, the operation time. Risk assessment, mechanical- and electrical systems and the requirement to operation time and maintenance cost, will have influence on the selection of machinery and the architectural and structural design. For each of the moveable bridges described, it is shown how innovative application of modern bearing concepts and hydraulic systems can lead to elegant and cost-effective solutions.
Equivalent static wind load procedure for skew winds on large bridges
Authors: Kiviluoma Risto , Mikkonen Atte
Published: March 2021

This paper describes theoretical framework on forming equivalent static wind loads (ESWL) for large bridges. A method is proposed for efficient handling of large number of load cases, when vibration and structural analysis is extended to skew winds, i.e., to the wind directions other than the principal ones. These appear to be increasingly important in many practical cases when complex bridge geometry is used for architectural uniqueness; or when the bridge is situated in city centres or hilly terrain, where local obstacles make the wind turbulence difficult to assess with standard models.

The method uses a set of load cases for principal wind directions to be input and solved with the static Finite Element (FE) model. Combination matrix is deduced for the results to assess skew winds. The method is alike that is frequently used in wind-tunnel studies of tall buildings. ESWL determination is done in co-operation with the wind and the bridge engineer. The needed input for the wind engineer includes numeric vibration mode shape data, global nodal coordinates and mass distributions. ESWL are created in numeric form that could be easily input to the FE-model. The method allows utilisation of various type analysis results and experimental data available for the bridge, including section-model based analysis, full-model wind-tunnel tests and structural monitoring results. It facilitates examination and adjustment of appropriate safety marginal to wind loads that take into account methodologic uncertainties in each.

It is proposed that wind-tunnel laboratories, or other wind engineers with bridge analysis expertise, should more often include ESWL-extraction to their services.
Design application and verification of equivalent static wind loads in bridge design
Authors: Mikkonen Atte , Kiviluoma Risto
Published: March 2021

Kruunuvuori Bridge is new link to connect Laajasalo area to the Helsinki city center by crossing a Kruunuvuorenselkä bay. It’s a cable stayed bridge with a single pylon and symmetric span arrangement, designed to be built with free cantilever method. For such a structure, wind is a governing load for the construction and for the final stage.

In the Engineering design of the bridge, equivalent static wind load (ESWL) extraction was used to define the action forces for the structures due to the wind. With the applied method it is possible to include crucial frequency-dependent parameters like statistical wind turbulence parameters; aerodynamic damping; aerodynamic admittances and modal coupling into the design. Skew wind angles could also be defined. Such loads are easy to apply with general commercial software and the workflow for the design is practical. As the method itself is not standardized and includes specialist defined parameters, it requires an additional verification. This paper describes how the static equivalent wind loads were applied in the design and how the results were verified with full-aeroelastic model wind tunnel testing. As a conclusion, static wind load extraction provides reliable results and is a practical approach for bridge design under skew winds.
Flood Resilience Code Impacts: Case Studies of Recently Completed Projects in New York City
Authors: Jackson Matt , Savery Timothy
Published: March 2021

The New York City area has seen a seen a tremendous amount of investment in retrofitting existing buildings and infrastructure to enhance flood resilience following Superstorm Sandy. At the same time revisions to the FEMA maps and to the New York City code, have captured ever more buildings within the flood zones, and required these buildings to be designed to higher elevations and more resilient standards.

This paper reviews some of the impacts the appendix G requirements are having on the design of new buildings in the NYC area. Case studies are presented for recently completed new construction in A zone, Costal A, and V zones, illustrating some of the challenges that arise, and limitations that code requirement present in a dense urban environment.
TwentyTwo Bishopsgate, London
Authors: Padilla Philipps Diego
Published: March 2021

Located on the abandoned site of a previous tower, in the heart of London's financial district, the constraints in the construction of this tower were extreme. At 62 storeys, 278m high, currently under construction, it will soon become the second tallest building in Western Europe.

Through mega transfer girders, inclined columns with high strength steel cable ties, triple-storey A-frames, partial demolition of the existing basement, and partial top-down construction methodology, the challenges faced at TwentyTwo London push the limits of structural engineering whilst providing a sustainable and environmentally conscious building that re-uses 100% of the foundations from a previous building.

TwentyTwo will not only become a landmark on the London skyline, but it also possesses some of the most efficient structural engineering solutions in tall building design, and hidden below ground in the basement one of the most challenging foundation re-use strategies in the UK.
London Expanding - Adding Value Through Fine Engineering
Authors: Petrioli Nello , Eastwood Brandon
Published: March 2021

London combines a rapidly expanding population with ever-decreasing land availability. This equation continues to attract property investors and allows developers to deliver high quality buildings.

Typically, developments must respect local site constraints. London’s rich construction archaeology – from Roman times to the post-war period – and the need to future-proof new infrastructure, create a unique blend of challenging constraints.

Unlocking such highly constrained sites by devising finely-engineered, sustainable and cost-efficient solutions has generated some of London’s most iconic buildings. A typical example is the recently completed Principal Tower, a 50-storey residential development on the edge of the City. Sited between existing 19th century railway tunnels and a protected viewing corridor that restricts building heights, the tower also sits above provision for a future rail tunnel.

WSP overcame these extreme constraints by forming a deep ‘concrete box’ through the building’s basement to support both the tower and the future railway tunnel. Adopting solutions associated more with heavy civil engineering adds significant costs, but enables high value developments on otherwise unremarkable sites.

This paper will examine some of London’s most technically challenging sites, such as Principal Tower, 22 Bishopsgate and Shard Place and the advanced engineering solutions that have made these iconic buildings possible. Further details in the design of 22 Bishopsgate are given in Paper No 16601: Twentytwo Bishopsgate, London.
Early assessment of diffusion and possible expansion of SARS-CoV-2 Lineage 20I/501Y.V1 (B.1.1.7, variant of concern 202012/01) in France, January to March 2021
Authors: Gaymard Alexandre , Bosetti Paolo , Feri Adeline , Destras Gregory , Enouf Vincent , Andronico Alessio , Burrel Sonia , Behillil Sylvie , Sauvage Claire , Bal Antonin , Morfin Florence , Van Der Werf Sylvie , Josset Laurence ,   ANRS MIE AC43 COVID-19,   French viro COVID group, Blanquart François , Coignard Bruno , Cauchemez Simon , Lina Bruno
Published: March 2021

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variant 20I/501Y.V1 (VOC-202012/1 or GR/501Y.V1) is concerning given its increased transmissibility. We reanalysed 11,916 PCR-positive tests (41% of all positive tests) performed on 7–8 January 2021 in France. The prevalence of 20I/501Y.V1 was 3.3% among positive tests nationwide and 6.9% in the Paris region. Analysing the recent rise in the prevalence of 20I/501Y.V1, we estimate that, in the French context, 20I/501Y.V1 is 52–69% more transmissible than the previously circulating lineages, depending on modelling assumptions.
COLOR CO-ORDINATION IN CHOREOGRAPHY
Authors: Vaidya Priyanka
Published: March 2021

All the substances in the universe are variable, constant, nature plants, flowers are filled with all colors. All this creation is immersed in colors. Each object has its own different color. Every flower appears in many colors and shapes, from flourishing to withering. The appearance, color and shape of everything shows us the importance of colors in our lives. It is called "Nrityamayam Jagat" meaning it is complete world dance. With this nature and colors, man modified his life and expressed his feelings through it. Learned to fly, dance and sing with birds, then he learned to paint himself with the colors of nature. It is said that a tree that is unstoppable, but when the wind moves, its twigs swing in a rhythm, then a human being is a sensible creature, he makes art in pleasure, anger in anger, and makes the medium of his response. Every particle of the world swells in colors, the colors of flowers and leaves open and open their heart and welcome the new life, then the whole world swells with song, music, fragrance and color.

सृष्टि में सभी पदार्थ चर, अचर, प्रकृति पौधे, पुष्प सभी रंगों से सराबोर हैं। यह सारी सृष्टि रंगों में डूबी हुई है। प्रत्येक वस्तु का अपना अलग रंग है। हर फूल, पौधा पल्लवित होने से लेकर मुरझााने तक कई रंग व आकार में दिखाई देता है। हर वस्तु का स्वरूप, रंग व आकार हमें रंगों का हमारे जीवन में महत्व को दर्षाता है। कहते हैं ”नृत्यमयं जगत्“ अर्थात् यह सम्पूर्ण जगत् नृत्यमय है। इस प्रकृति व रंगों से मनुष्य ने अपना जीवन को संवारा व इसके माध्यम से अपनी मनोभावनायें व्यक्त की। पंछी से उड़ता, नाचता व गाना सीखा तो प्रकृति के रंगों से स्वयं को सवांरना सीखा। कहते हैं एक पेड़ जो अचर है परन्तु जब हवा चालती है तो उसकी टहनीयाँ एक लय में डोलती है, फिर मनुष्य तो संवेदनषील प्राणी है वह सुख में, दुःख में क्रोध में कला को अपनी प्रतिक्रिया का माध्यम बना लेता है। सृष्टि के कण-कण जन रंगों में झूम उठते हैं, फूल-पत्तों के रूप रंगीन हो अपना हृदय खोलकर नवजीवन का स्वागत करते हैं, तो सारी सृष्टि गीत, संगीत, सुगंध और रंग लेकर उमड़ पड़ती है।
PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS AND COLOR THERAPY OF COLORS
Authors: GUPTA SAKSHI
Published: March 2021

Every person in the world adopts some medium to express inner feelings. For some, voice is the medium, for some, but for a painter, color is the medium or means to express his feelings. Expresses the emotions emitted in the mind through various tones of color. Taking full care of the combination methods in the pictures, he uses darker or sharper colors and lighter and lighter colors elsewhere. He gets self-satisfaction by expressing his feelings through this method. A work reveals many dimensions hidden within it. No matter how many different angles an artist has made her, but she is presented in a different form and meaning in front of the audience, this is its power and talent. For an artist, color is an important part of his work. That entire nature reveals this entire world through different colors.

संसार में प्रत्येक व्यक्ति अन्तर्मन के भावों को व्यक्त करने के लिये किसी न किसी माध्यम को अपनाता है। किसी के लिये स्वर माध्यम हैं तो किसी के लिये शब्द परन्तु एक चित्रकार के लिये उसके भावों को अभिव्यक्त करने का माध्यम या साधन रंग है। रंगों की विभिन्न तानों के द्वारा मन में उद्वेलित भावों को अभिव्यक्त करता है। वह चित्रों में संयोजन विधियों का पूर्ण ध्यान रखते हुये कहीं गहरे या तीखे रंगों का प्रयोग करता है तो कहीं हल्के व कोमल रंगों का। इस विधि से अपने भावों की अभिव्यक्ति करके उसे आत्म-संतोष मिलता है। एक कृति अपने भीतर छुपे हुये अनेक आयामों को उद्घाटित करती है। एक कलाकार ने उसे कितने ही भिन्न दृष्टि कोण से बनाया हो परन्तु दर्षक के सम्मुख वह एक भिन्न रूप व अर्थ में प्रस्तुत होती है, यही इसकी शक्ति व प्रतिभा है। एक कलाकार के लिये रंग उसकी कृति का महत्वपूर्ण अंग है। वह समूची प्रकृति इस सम्पूर्ण विष्व को विभिन्न रंगों के माध्यम से ही उद्घाटित करता है।
SUN RAY AND COLOR THERAPY
Authors: Vyas Snehalata
Published: March 2021

The entire body of beings is colorful. All the components of the body have different colors. All the cells of the body are also colored. If any part of the body becomes ill, then there is an imbalance of colors along with its chemical substances. Color therapy balances those colors.If you feel a lack of energy, you get a lack of confidence, if the thinking is not clear then color therapy can help you. Colors have a profound effect on the brain on our mind. This color strength has also made it useful for healing. There are many diseases for which color is used for treatment. Due to these characteristics, it has been named "Color Therapy".

प्राणियों का सम्पूर्ण शरीर रंगीन है। शरीर के समस्त अवयवों का रंग अलग-अलग है। शरीर की समस्त कोषिकायें भी रंगीन है। शरीर का कोई अंग बीमार होता है तो उसका रासायनिक द्रव्यों के साथ-साथ रंगो का असंतुलन हो जाता है। रंग चिकित्सा उन रंगो को संतुलित कर देती है।आप ऊर्जा की कमी महसूस करते है आत्मविष्वास में कमी पाते है, सोच स्पष्ट नहीं हो पाती है तो रंग चिकित्सा आपकी सहायता कर सकती है। रंगो का हमारे मन पर मस्तिष्क पर गहरा असर पड़ता है। रंगो की इस ताकत ने उपचार के लिए भी उपयोगी बना दिया है। कई बिमारियाँ है जिनके उपचार के लिए रंगो का इस्तेमाल किया जाता है। इन खूबियों के कारण इसे ‘‘कलर थेरेपी‘‘ यानी रंग चिकित्सा का नाम दिया गया है।
SOCIAL ACCEPTANCE OF COLORS
Authors: Dubey Sasikala
Published: March 2021

Nikhil turns green the health of those who stare at the colorful nature. 'Health is green' is a phrase that expresses affectionate expressions such as happy, joyful, joyful and refreshing. The memoir of Kadamba, Krishna and Kalindi gives birth to the feeling of green, black and blue. Human qualities and religions are the colors or colors of the realization. The main colors in the main form are only three, red, blue and yellow. The reciprocal mixtures of these three colors form other colors. Like red and yellow together make saffron color, blue and yellow together make green and blue and red together form a purple color. Apart from these, white and black color also contribute to the original color. Color has been keeping its place in our life for thousands of years. Due to the development of textile industries, the use of artificial colors in comparison to natural dyes has started on Zoro. As a result, many natural dyes were chemically produced in lieu of the process of producing lacquer from peepal, sycamore and pakad, these colors were established in human curiosities by the nouns of glitter, chatter, gaudy, etc.

निखिल प्रकृति में विहँसते नानाविध रंग निहारने वालों की तबीयत हरी कर देते हैं। ‘तबीयत का हरा होना‘ एक मुहावरा है, जो खुश, आनंदित, प्रफुल्ल और तरोताजा जैसे प्रीतिकर भावों को व्यक्त करता है। कदम्ब, कृष्ण और कालिन्दी का स्मृति-विज्ञान हरित, श्याम और नीलवर्ण का आभास हमारे मन में पैदा कर जाता है। आभास बोध का मानवी गुण-धर्म ही रंग या वर्ण होते हैं।प्रमुख रूप में मुख्य रंग केवल तीन ही होते हैं, लाल, नीला औश्र पीला। इन्हीं तीन रंगों के पारस्परिक मिश्रण सें दूसरे-दूसरे रंग तैयार होते हैं। जैसे लाल और पीला मिलकर केसरिया रंग बनाते हैं, नीला और पीला मिलकर हरा और नीला तथा लाल मिलकर जामुनी रंग तैयार करते हैं। इनके अतिरिक्त सफेद और काला रंग भी मूलरंग में अपना योगदान देते हैं।रंग हजारों वर्षों सें हमारे जीवन में अपनी जगह बनाए हुए हैं। कपड़ा उद्योगों के विकास के कारण प्राकृतिक रंगों की तुलना में कृत्रिम रंगों का उपयोग जोरो पर होने लगा है। फलस्वरूप पीपल, गूलर और पाकड़ में पैदा होने वाली ‘लाख‘ से रंग बनाने की प्रक्रिया के एवज में रासायनिक तौर पर कई प्राकृतिक रंगों का निर्माण हुआ, ये रंग मानवी जिज्ञासाओं में दमकीले, चटकीले, भड़कीले इत्यादि की संज्ञाओं से अभिहित होकर स्थापित हुए।
Teaching Writing through Process-Genre Method
Authors: Ariyanti Santi
Published: March 2021

The main problem of this study was "Is it effective to teach writing through the process-genre method to the tenth-grade students of Islamic Senior High School NU Yosowinangun?". The objective of this study is to find out whether the process-genre method was effective to teach writing to the tenth-grade students of Islamic Senior High School NU Yosowinangun, writing ability of descriptive text. This research used a quantitative research method using the pre-experimental method. The population of the study was all the tenth-grade students of Islamic Senior High School NU Yosowinangun in the academic 2019/2020, with 106 students. The sample was 20 students taken by using one-stage cluster random sampling. The data were analyzed through the matched t-test formula to find out the effectiveness of teaching writing through the process-genre method. The technique for collecting data used a written test twice in the pre-test and post-test. Based on the result of the data analysis, it was found that the highest score in the pre-test was 69 and the lowest score was 41, and the average score was 52.8. While in the post-test, the highest score was 85 and the lowest score was 70, where the average score was 79, it was found that the value of t-obt was 18.7, where the value of t-tab was 1.725, at significance level 0.05 or 95% with a degree of freedom. . It can be concluded that the null hypothesis (Ho) was rejected and the alternative hypothesis (Ha) was accepted. It indicated that teaching writing through the process-genre method to the tenth-grade students of Islamic Senior High School NU Yosowinangun was effective.
Analisis Pemanfaatan Scrap untuk Meningkatkan Laba Perusahaan (Studi Kasus Pada Pabrik Tahu AL, Sumedang dan Super di Kota Padang)
Authors: Yentifa Armel , Maryati Ulfi , Yuli Ayu Putri Sri
Published: March 2021

Dalam pembuatan tahu akan menghasilkan scrap material (sisa bahan) berupa ampas tahu. Selama ini pemanfaatan sisa bahan diperlakukan oleh perusahaan dengan menjual langsung ke peternak sapi sebagai makanan sapi. Karena kandungan gizi yang tinggi terdapat dalam ampas tahu, ampas tahu dapat diproses lebih lanjut menjadi berbagai jenis makanan diantaranya seperti keripik ampas tahu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah dengan memproses lebih lanjut ampas tahu menjadi keripik ampas tahu akan lebih menguntungkan dibandingkan apabila perusahaan menjual langsung sebagai makanan ternak. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif yang bersifat studi kasus pada tiga pabrik tahu di kota Padang. Metode analisamenggunakan pendekatan diferensial. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah memproses lebih lanjut lebihampas tahu menjadi kripik tahu lebih menguntungkan dibandingkan apabila perusahaan menjual tanpa memproses lebih lanjut.
Pengaruh Pengungkapan Other Comprehensive Income Terhadap Relevansi Nilai Informasi Akuntansi dengan Kualitas Audit sebagai Variabel Pemoderasi pada Perusahaan Industri Barang Konsumsi yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2015-2017
Authors: Novita Sari Via , Surya Firman , Rosita Irda
Published: March 2021

This study aims to examine the effect of other comprehensive income disclosure towards value relevance of accounting information with the audit quality as moderating variables. The data used in this study is the secondary data obtained from the financial statements of consumer goods industry companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period of 2015-2017. The sampling technique used by using purposive sampling and it obtained the sample of 34 consumer goods industry companies. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis and dummy variable moderation test (sub-group) using SPSS version 20. The results showed that the disclosure of  other comprehensive income do not affect the value relevance of accounting information which is moderated by audit quality.
PENYAJIAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN ENTITAS BERORIENTASI NONLABA BERDASARKAN ISAK 35 PADA MASJID BAITUL HAADI
Authors: Diviana Sukma , Putra Ananto Rangga , Andriani Wiwik , Putra Roni , Yentifa Armel , Zahara  , Siswanto Azi
Published: March 2021

Mosque is an entity that aims not for profit (non-profit entity), so that financial accountability becomes an important aspect for mosques. Good accountability can be realized by presenting the mosque's financial reports in accordance with generally accepted accounting standards. The standard governing the financial reporting of non-profit entities is the Interpretation of Financial Accounting Standards No. 35 (ISAK 35). By implementing ISAK 35 in the presentation of mosque financial reports, interested parties will be able to assess the financial performance of the mosque. The object of this research is Mosque Baitul Haadi. Data were collected through a series of interviews and observations. Until now, Mosque Baitul Haadi only presented financial reports as far as cash in and cash out. This study aims to compile the financial statements of Mosque Baitul Haadi based on ISAK 35 using Microsoft Excel application tools. The financial statements that will be produced are the statements of financial position, comprehensive income statements, cash flow statements and notes to financial reports.
Manual de sistemas fotovoltaicos de geração distribuída: Teoria e prática
Authors: Rampinelli Giuliano Arns , Machado Solange
Published: March 2021

This book started from a desire to contribute scientifically with the knowledge about photovoltaic solar energy – an art promoted and developed by members of School of Sun and the NTEEL Solar. It has been possible through the research groups from School of Sun Project and the Electric Energy Technological Nucleus – Solar (NTEEL Solar). The School of Sun is a project from Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) which promotes scientific knowledge by the promotion of the information. The NTEEL Solar is a group which develops projects and scientific research in Photovoltaic Solar Energy and its applications. This work presents topics about the Brazilian electrical sector and its commercialization of energy, concepts about the reasoning and measurement of the solar radiation, characteristics and technologies of photovoltaic cells and modules; characteristics and technologies of inverters; monitoring and analysis of the photovoltaic systems; consumptions and generation profiles, rules and law, operation and maintenance of systems, softwares to dimension and simulate systems, and energy efficiency at buildings. It is a pleasure to share these research results from projects and scientific researches with you, dear reader. We would like to thank all the people that have been helping us with research so far, especially with this book. We are also thankful for the organizations which have been supporting us: the Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), the School of Sun (UFSC), the Electric Energy Technological Nucleus – NTEEL Solar, Graduate Program in Energy and Sustainability (PPGES), the Undergraduate Program in Energy Engineering, the Coordination of Personnel Improvement of Graduate and Undergraduate Studies (CAPES), The National Council of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) and the Foundation of Support to Scientific Research and Innovation from Santa Catarina State (FAPESC). This book contributes scientifically to the promotion of renewable technology, reliable, competitive; towards sustainable development. We hope that you appreciate it and have a great reading.
Evaluación Emocional de Adultos con TDAH a través de Potenciales Relacionados a Eventos. Revisión Sistemática
Authors: Oliveros Chacana Juan Carlos , Kreither Johanna
Published: March 2021

Antecedentes: Durante la última década, varios estudios muestran que los adultos con Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad (TDAH) no sólo lidian con alteraciones de atención y memoria, sino que también con dificultades en el reconocimiento emocional. Por otro lado, la técnica de potenciales relacionados a eventos (ERPs) ha mostrado ser una forma efectiva de investigar los correlatos neurales de dichas funciones. 
Objetivo: El objetivo de la presente revisión sistemática fue recopilar estudios que usaron paradigmas experimentales con estímulos emocionales en combinación con ERPs en adultos con TDAH.  Método: Se realizó una revisión sistemática según las normas PRISMA entre septiembre y octubre del 2019, en las bases de datos Scopus y ScienceDirect.  Se utilizaron los siguientes términos MeSH: "emotions", “attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder", "event-related potentials" y “adult”. De los 173 registros únicos identificados, 8 cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión.
Resultados: Para los componentes tempranos, los adultos con TDAH evidencian mayores amplitudes de P1 para estímulos negativos y positivos; y menores amplitudes de N170 para estímulos positivos, comparados con participantes sin TDAH. Para los componentes tardíos, los individuos con TDAH mostraron mayores amplitudes de potencial positivo tardío (LPP) durante el procesamiento de estímulos aversivos y regulación emocional.
Discusión y conclusión: En general, los adultos con TDAH evidencian un menor desempeño en tareas emocionales en comparación con los participantes sin TDAH. Esta revisión destaca que a través de los estudios de ERPs existen promisorias y novedosas propuestas para evaluar el correlato neural emocional en adultos con TDAH.
Analisis Jurnal : GEREJA DAN KEMISKINAN: DISKURSUS PERAN GEREJA DI TENGAH KEMISKINAN
Authors: Hermawan Michael Jonathan
Published: March 2021

Fibry Jati Nugroho, Gereja dan Kemiskinan: Diskursus Peran Gereja di Tengah Kemiskinan.Permasalahan kemiskinan bukan hanya menjadi masalah lokal, namun menjadi masalah yang digumulkanoleh dunia. Gereja sebagai mandataris Tuhan di tengah dunia, dituntut untuk dapat berperan dalammembantu masalah kemiskinan. Bagaimanakah sewajarnya gereja berperan di tengah kemiskinanmasyarakat? Dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis, serta meminjam pemikiran Karl Marx,untuk menelisik peran gereja dalam membantu mengatasi permasalahan kemiskinan. Panggilan gerejayang seharusnya adalah untuk menyuarakan ketidakadilan dan penindasan hak-hak orang miskin. Gerejahadir untuk berpihak kepada yang lemah, tidak berdaya, miskin, dan yang terpinggirkan. Jika gereja tidakmemiliki keperpihakan kepada yang lemah, maka kehadiran gereja tidak memiliki makna. Gereja perluterus menerus menyuarakan kritik profetisnya tanpa pandang bulu terhadap berbagai penyalahgunaankekuasaan, terjadinya ketidakadilan, terampasnya hak-hak masyarakat, dan terhadap sistim yangmenindas serta memiskinkan manusia. Spiritualitas dan religiusitas jemaat juga harus sampai kepadasebuah kesalehan sosial, di mana energi spiritual yang dimiliki jemaat mampu untuk mendorongkepeduliannya akan berbagai persoalan kehidupan masyarakat. Spiritualitas seperti inilah yang harusmenjadi perhatian gereja dalam membangun kehidupan jemaat. Salib harus dipahami sebagai refleksi ataspenderitaan dan kematian Kristus, namun di saat yang sama pula harus mampu membuka mata dantelinga akan penderitaan, kesengsaraan, dan pengharapan manusia akan harkat dan martabatnya sebagaimanusia. Disitulah gereja berperan...
Ứng dụng mô hình Logit nhằm nâng cao chất lượng xếp hạng tín dụng doanh nghiệp tại Ngân hàng Quốc tế - Chi nhánh Hoàn Kiếm
Authors: Lab SDAG
Published: March 2021

Ứng dụng mô hình Logit nhằm nâng cao chất lượng xếp hạng tín dụng doanh nghiệp tại Ngân hàng Quốc tế - Chi nhánh Hoàn Kiếm. Nguyễn Văn Hùng. Chuyên đề nghiên cứu.
Analisis Jurnal: PENCIPTAAN "RUANG KEEMPAT" SEBAGAI BASIS PEMBINAAN WARGA GEREJA PRIBUMI DALAM MENGGEREJA DI JAWA
Authors: Mulyadi Tristan Gaizka , Nugroho Fibry Jati
Published: March 2021

Gereja yang hidup dan benar harus menjalankan panggilannya sebagai pembawa damai. Pembawa damai bisa dilakukan jika Gereja telah menjadi bagian dari konteks. Jika gereja diasingkan oleh konteks itu artinya ada persoalan yang harus diselesaikan di dalam gereja itu. Gereja Kristen Jawa tengah utara (GKJTU), dan sama dengan Gereja lain di Jawa, mengalami keterasingan dari konteks. Keterasingan itu karena ada persoalan identitas Hybrid gereja. Untuk mengatasi hal itu semua warga gereja harus dibina untuk bergerak mendekati budaya Jawa dengan pembentukan ruang keempat sebagai basisnya. Ruang keempat ini adalah ruang untuk berinteraksi kembali kekristenan dengan budaya Jawa yang sudah ditinggalkannya. Pembentukan ruang keempat ini harus dilihat dari teori poskolonial Homi K. Bhabha.
A Uniformly Distributed Congruence
Authors: Cox Darrell , Ghosh Sourangshu
Published: March 2021

An elementary congruence appears to be uniformly distributed. The Weyl criterion is used to confirm this.
Segmental phonological properties in Thakali: a typological perspective
Authors: Regmi Dan Raj , Regmi Ambika
Published: March 2021

Thakali, a Tibeto-Burman language spoken in Nepal, exhibits some typologically interesting properties in the domain of segmental phonology. It presents a rich inventory of 33 segmental consonant phonemes and a set of six monophthongal vowels with murmured voice (i.e., breathy) counterparts. The syllable structure at the maximum consists of (C) (X) V (C), where X stands for a glide or liquid phoneme. Thakali as a Bodish language contains retroflex series as well as distinct alveolar fricatives and affricates and lacks phonemic voicing contrasts. As a member of the Gurungic cluster of West Bodish sub-section, Thakali shares such properties with other West- Bodish languages, viz., Chantyal, Manange, Gurung, Magar Kaike, Ghale, Seke, Nar-Phu, Western Tamang and Eastern Tamang. Unlike a Bodish language, Thakali lacks phonemically nasalized vowels. Thakali, like Chantyal, presents contrasts involving voice onset time and murmur. Such contrasts are attested in stops, affricates, fricatives, trills/taps and laterals in Thakali. However, unlike Chantyal, Thakali contains murmured trill/tap and murmured lateral with voiceless onset like Seke and Nar-Phu. Such properties are exclusively absent in other West Bodish languages. While uplifting Thakali, a shifting language, from sustainable identity to sustainable orality, such properties typical in South Asia (Noonan, 2003a: 316) have to be fully maintained.