bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CIE 235:2019 Optical Measurement of LED Modules and Light Engines
Authors:   CIE TC 2-50
Published: October 2019

LED modules and light engines represent a wide range of very different products with unique physical properties. Thus, they can neither be treated as single LED packages (where measurements refer to a specific junction temperature of a single LED or the average of a single die, multiple-junction LED) nor as complete lamps or luminaires (where measurements refer to the ambient temperature).-\n--\n-This Technical Report describes the methods for the measurement of photometric, radiometric, and colorimetric quantities of LED modules (with or without integrated control gear) and light engines that are connected to DC or AC power supplies. The report specifies the test-point temperature as a temperature reference when taking measurements. Keywords: radiometry, spectroradiometry, calibration, LED module, light engine
KOMPETENSI PEDAGOGIK SEBAGAI INDIKATOR GURU PROFESIONAL
Authors: Perni Ni Nyoman
Published: October 2019

Pedagogic is a science that discusses education, namely the science of children's education. So pedagogic tries to explain the intricacies of children's education, pedagogic is a theory of children's education. Pedagogic as a science is really needed by teachers, especially kindergarten teachers and elementary school teachers because they will be dealing with minors. The task of the teacher is not just teaching to convey, or transform knowledge to children in school, but the teacher carries the task of developing the personality of his students in an integrated manner. The teacher develops the child's mental attitude, develops the child's conscience or child's conscience, so that the child will be sensitive to human problems, human dignity, so does the teacher only develop the child's life skills in the community so that he is able to face all the problems of his life. it discusses the notion of teacher competency, pedagogic understanding, pedagogical competence. 
Problems associated with the notion of “public duties” and “public utility services” with regard to the principle of the autonomy of local self-governments in Poland – an analysis of selected issues
Authors: Cern Grażyna
Published: October 2019

The aim of this paper is to highlight specific features related to the performance of public duties by local self-governments, focusing on their autonomy. Hence, it is essential that the conceptual boundaries of such notions as ‘public duties’ and duties associated with ‘public services’ are established at the outset. The current lack of clarity contributes to the complexity of the issue, and this is further complicated by a lack of clear legal regulations which would explicitly define the acceptable way in which public duties assigned to local self-governments are to be implemented. These issues suffice to explain the choice of the topic tackled in this study. Admittedly, it will not provide answers to all the problems associated with the public utility services which fall within the scope of the public duties discharged by particular local self-government units: gmina (municipality/commune), powiat (county), or województwo (voivodeship). However, it may form the basis for further research to be conducted in this field. Therefore, within the framework of this paper, issues related to local self-governments, their autonomy, and the concepts of ‘public duties’ and ‘duties in the field of public utility’ will be discussed. These issues are important, as they are inextricable from the decentralization of public authority, which consists in assigning numerous public duties to be fulfilled by local self-governments.
Judicial protection of rights on real estate in non-contentious proceedings
Authors: Dzierzbicki Cezary
Published: October 2019

The article presents the rights concerning real estates, which are considered in noncontentious proceedings by the court. The author defines non-contentious proceedings, which are a kind of civil proceedings. The scope of non-contentious proceedings involves cases concerning different rights on real estate, for instance: ownership, co-ownership, servitude right of necessity of passage, establishing the necessity of passage, making an entry in the land and mort gage register and in the National Court Register. Besides, there is – in this article – a comparison between non-contentious and contentious proceedings and administrative proceedings. The article describes also the principle of effective judicial protection in non-contentious proceedings. The author proposes amendments in the regulation and in the practice of their application, which are connected with granting more powers to court clerks (referendarz sądowy) and assistants to judges.
A judicial review of the inactivity of public administration in the Slovak Republic
Authors: Horvat Matej
Published: October 2019

The article focuses on inactivity of the public administration in the Slovak Republic. It analyses this malfunction of the public administration from the point of view of the legal theory, international legal regulation as well as national legal regulation. The emphasis is on the national legal regulation that should provide effective legal remedies on how to eliminate inactivity of the public administration – namely the Constitution of the Slovak Republic, the Act on Administrative Proceeding and the Act on Administrative Justice Procedure. The article analyses the new legal regulation on a judicial review of inactivity stipulated in the Act on Administrative Justice Procedure and compares it with the previous legal regulation. The aim is to conclude which legal regulation is more effective and describe why it is so.
The legal protection of individual rights in the health care sphere: overcoming the ambiguity of the legal regulation of voluntary and informed consent to treatment
Authors: Kapustina Maria A.
Published: October 2019

The individual rights in the health care sphere are ensured, among other things, by overcoming uncertainty in legal regulation. The problem of ambiguity, filling gaps, contradictory to legal regulation is of relevance in the court hearings of specific cases in the health care sphere. The health care sphere is one of the most important spheres of the legal protection of individual’s rights, because it concerns all the population. In modern medical law, the standardized approach to the regulation of relations in the health care sphere has received widespread recognition. The notions “standard” and “order” are widely applied to the regulation of medical activity and patients’ rights. In the health care sphere the ambiguity of legal regulation is connected with requirements of getting from patient informed consent to treatment. The informed consent must be given by the patient voluntarily and before the medical treatment.
Etyka gospodarcza w dobie globalizacji w ujęciu Benedykta XVI
Authors: Kozerska Ewa
Published: October 2019

In the social considerations of Benedict XVI, the point of reference was Christian anthropology. It is from its perspective that the Pope analyzed current social and political relations as well as economic relations prevailing in specific countries and in international relations. He recognized that these spheres of human existence must permeate ethics rooted in the personal and transcendent nature of individuals. This humanistic idea of morality gains special significance in the context of now visible atomization of societies, weaknesses of law in individual countries or dominance of soulless business, which ultimately fuel the global economic crisis. The Pope, therefore, saw the need to update this spiritual aspect of human existence in order to strengthen solidarity and subsidiarity in socio-economic relations, and to stimulate proper cooperation of the state with the economy on the local and supranational scale. He also noted that its principles allow people to realize their own potential responsibly, but also sensitize them to the needs of other individuals. In the Pope’s recognition, Christian ethics is in particular in the realities of the crisis to mobilize states, economic enterprises and international organizations to undertake joint activities for the general public good, without – at the same time – suppressing the activity of individuals and communities.
Radiotherapy and geriatric cancer patients: A single institute experience
Authors: Suhag Virender , BS Sunita , Vats Pankaj , Singh Shalendra , Jain Mayuri , Vashisht R
Published: October 2019

Objectives:

The aim of this study was to study patient, disease, and treatment related characteristics in geriatric patients 65 years and older treated by Radiotherapy (RT).

Material and methods:

A retrospective observational and descriptive study was conducted in a tertiary care gov- ernment institute with academic and research potential. The electronic medical records, medical documents, and Radiotherapy treatment charts were retrieved and studied.

Results:

247 patients aged 65 years and older were included over 2-year study period. Mean age was 70.3 years and the oldest patient treated was of 94 years. 66% patients were males. 82 patients (33%) had metastatic disease. The common sites of origin were head and neck (28%), lung (23%), genitourinary (20%), and gastrointestinal malig- nancies (15%). 125 patients (51%) were having one or more co-morbidities. 135 patients (55%) were treated with radical intent. 66 patients (27%) received chemotherapy in concurrent setting. 89 patients (36%) were hospitalized for some duration of their RT course. In 58 patients (23%), RT was interrupted briefly. 46 patients (19%) could not complete the prescribed RT. 8 patients (3%) developed Grade 3 and 4 hematological toxicities. 57% patients developed Grade 2,3 mucocutaneous toxicities. 53% patients developed Grade 2,3 GI toxicities. Mortality rate while on treatment was 4%.

Conclusion:

Geriatric patients, though more prone to develop systemic and site-specific toxicities warranting supportive care in indoor or outdoor setting, can be offered Radiotherapy either alone or concurrently with che- motherapy. Such patients present with heterogeneous spectrum of entities often posing a therapeutic challenge to clinicians; but proper selection of cases and diligent supervision may allow these patients to be treated with Radiotherapy with radical or palliative intent as indicated.
Conflict of interest disclosure and interpretation - rest assured the medical professional in the audience is perceptive, alert and smart
Authors: Parikh Purvish M. , Narayanan P. , Vora A. , Gulia A. , Mullapally S. K. , Rangrajan B. , Gupta S. , Mehta P. , Hingmire S. , Kulkarni P. , Parekh B. , Ghadyalpatil N. , Babu G. , Singh R.
Published: October 2019

Introduction:

We present data from a systematic survey on conflict of interest (COI) disclosure and its interpretation by the doctors participating in continuing medical education (CME).

Methods:

A brief 12 question online Google survey with multiple choice options (read, select, and click) was done among Indian practicing doctors using links shared through WhatsApp through the internet over a 72 h period.

Results:

Of the 386 replies, 373 unique replies were eligible for evaluation. The majority found CME activities beneficial. About 73% of participants would watch out for bias, even if the speaker shows COI disclosure slide. The use of brand/trade names was considered as a flag for bias by the majority. About 99% wanted the speaker to show a final take home message slide. Cross verification of the data presented by comparing to published data was done in more than 75% of instances by only 25% of the participating doctors. A significantly higher number of doctors found bias when CME activities were being organized by the health-care industry as compared to programs of medical bodies/societies/organizations.

Discussion:

COI considerations are given due to the importance of medical professionals. However, doctors are smart enough to understand the limitations of such disclosures and remain alert to ensure they are not influenced by any bias. Take home message slide gives the presenters opportunity to share their insights and allows the audience to make their own judgment on the impartiality of the data presented. The doctors are aware that bias could be more when CME activities are organized by healthcare industry and take appropriate precautions.

Conclusion:

COI is is given due importance by the medical professionals. COI disclosures are often incomplete. Doctors remain alert to ensure they are not influenced by biased presentations. Concluding take home message slide is unanimously recommended. Presentation bias is more when healthcare industry is directly organizing educational and promotional activities.
Mediclaim insurance challenges and solutions – Doctors supporting patients: A Medic LAWgic initiative
Authors: Parikh Purvish M. , Bhosale B. , Lokeshwar N. , Kamath M. , Kumar A. , Gulia A. , Gandhi P. , Talele A. , Deshmukh C. , Patel A. , Pal D. , Ranjan S.
Published: October 2019

Introduction:

Because patients covered by medical insurance are being denied legitimate claims, doctors are working shoulder to shoulder with them and have garnered significant experience in this matter. We, therefore, decided to a systematic survey under the Medic LAWgic banner and presented the data.

Methods:

A short, 8-question multiple-choice survey was conducted online among doctor clinicians. Duplicate replies were removed. The remaining replies were evaluated, interpreted, and the data are being presented here.

Results:

A total of 377 doctors responded. The majority (208, 55%) had faced problems with medical insurance claims in more than 10% of their patients. Almost half of them (48%) had outright rejection of the claims in more than 10% of their patients. Reduction in claim amounts was faced in more than 10% instances by 262 (70%). The five most common causes for refusal or rejection of claims included failure of patient to disclose pre-existing illness (234, 62%), other insurance policy terms related issues (157, 42%), oral medication (199, 53%), treatment without admission (155, 41%), and treatment with new modes of therapy (152, 40%). As many as 301/377 (80%) doctors had written letters to the insurance companies for supporting their patients’ claim. Such supporting letters from the treating doctors resulted in the claim being accepted or approved in 216 instances (57%).

Discussion:

Mediclaim denial is a major and growing problem. People who need financial assistance the most are also the most vulnerable to denial. In the USA, such denial rates ranged from 1% to 45% of in-network claims in the year 2017. Unfortunately, <0.5% of patients appealed such claim denial. The insurance regulatory and development authority of India (IRDA) have issued guidelines that all claims need to be settled within 30 days and that insurance companies must fulfill their contractual commitment for genuine claims, even if timely intimation was not possible. Insurance companies are running a business for profit. Hence, even the most expensive plans will have a list of exclusions, in the fine print. Indian patients need to be proactive in following up when claims are rejected or reduced. Doctors are their pillar of support, whose advantage needs to be taken by them. IRDA and consumer courts are also looking after patients’ rights in this matter.

Conclusion:

Patients are increasingly facing challenge of medical insurance companies denying legitimate claims. Doctors help by writing to the insurance companies supporting their patients claim and such letters help in the majority of instances. Patients and their families need to follow up aggressively when their claims are not approved, rejected or reduced. They should also request the help of their doctors when facing such challenges.
Risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus: An urban perspective
Authors: Patil Reshma , Gothankar Jayashree
Published: October 2019

Background:

Diabetes mellitus is rising to an alarming epidemic level; hence, strategies formulated based on the risk factors can be helpful to curb the rising trend of the same.

Objective:

The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of diagnosed cases of diabetes mellitus and correlate it with various risk factors and sociodemographic variables.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was carried out in randomly selected wards under the field practice area of Urban Health Training Center of Private Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra. A total of 425 subjects aged 20 years and above residing in the study area were screened for diabetes mellitus. Risk factors such as age, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), family history of diabetes, and physical activities were recorded. The statistical analysis of the data was performed using Chi-square test.

Results:

The prevalence of diagnosed cases of diabetes mellitus found in this study was 9.88%. There was a significant increase in the prevalence of diabetes as age increases (age 20–34 years: 1.66%, 35–49 years: 7.53%, ≥50 years: 15.66%, and P < 0.05). Furthermore, male gender, obesity, waist circumference, WHR, and diabetes mellitus were found to be statistically significant.

Conclusions:

Risk factors such as rising age, family history of diabetes mellitus, lack of physical activity, and central obesity were the most common factors found in diagnosed cases of diabetes mellitus. Therefore, lifestyle changes and awareness regarding risk factors is needed to make control over the diabetes.
PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI MENURUT PSIKOLOGI ISLAMI
Authors: Hidayat Bahril , Putra Ary Antony , Harahap Musaddad
Published: October 2019

The relationship among early childhood education is related to the Islamic Education and Islamic Psychology perspective. Discussion of this article forms of theoretical review and expected to generate scientific reference to formulate explanation and development of science about Islamic Early Childhood Education according to Islamic Psychology. Islamic Education into early childhood as students, not only based on the principles of western Educational Psychology and Psychology of Learning (Psychology Learning and Teaching) from the Western scientist theory, but must be based on Islamic values and concept too. By applying the concept, the internalization of Islamic Education into the psychophysiological of early childhood will be achieved. According to the integration of principles of science and Islam through 5 Strategic Development of Islamic Education for Early Childhood Based on Islamic Psychology Principles, namely, 1) awakening learners' self-awareness about Islam, 2) involves the educational environment in to the learning activities, 3) understanding the child's age development by the method of playing, 4) using techniques that appeal to early childhood, 5) directing the child to develop their unique potential.
PERAN BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KONSEP DIRI ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Sustikasari Sustikasari
Published: October 2019

This research is motivated by the phenomenon of early childhood problems caused by low self-concept. Self-concept is a person's perspective, including understanding, assessment, and expectations of himself regarding both physical, psychological, and social self. Self-concept can form the cognitive structure of students to do something either take positive actions or take negative actions. Students who have a positive self-concept show good achievement in school, or high-achieving students in schools have high self-ratings and show positive interpersonal relationships. Students are able to determine realistic learning achievement targets and direct academic anxiety with hard and diligent learning, and student activities are always directed at learning, and not dependent on the teacher.
GRAM: A True Null Model for Relative Binding Affinity Predictions
Authors: Cui Guanglei , Graves Alan P. , Manas Eric S.
Published: October 2019

Relative binding affinity prediction is a critical component in computer aided drug design. Significant amount of effort has been dedicated to developing rapid and reliable in silico methods. However, robust assessment of their performance is still a complicated issue, as it requires a performance measure applicable in the prospective setting and more importantly a true null model that defines the expected performance of random in an objective manner. Although many performance metrics, such as correlation coefficient (r2), mean unsigned error (MUE), and room mean square error (RMSE), are frequently used in the literature, a true and non-trivial null model has yet been identified. To address this problem, here we introduce an interval estimate as an additional measure, namely prediction interval (PI), which can be estimated from the error distribution of the predictions. The benefits of using the interval estimate are 1) it provides the uncertainty range in the predicted activities, which is important in prospective applications; 2) a true null model with well-defined PI can be established. We provide one such example termed Gaussian Random Affinity Model (GRAM), which is based on the empirical observation that the affinity change in a typical lead optimization effort has the tendency to distribute normally N (0, s). Having an analytically defined PI that only depends on the variation in the activities, GRAM should in principle allow us to compare the performance of relative binding affinity prediction methods in a standard way, ultimately critical to measuring the progress made in algorithm development.
Tools to Quantify Molecular Transport: Electroosmosis Dominates Electrophoresis of Fluoroquinolones Across the Outer Membrane Porin F (OmpF)
Authors: Bafna Jayesh Arun , Pangeni Sushil , Winterhalter Mathias , Aksoyoglu M. Alphan
Published: October 2019

We report that the dynamics of antibiotic capture and transport across a voltage-biased OmpF nanopore is dominated by the electroosmotic flow rather than the electrophoretic force. By reconstituting an OmpF porin in an artificial lipid bilayer and applying an electric field across, we are able to elucidate the permeation of molecules, and their mechanism of transport. This field gives rise to an electrophoretic force acting directly on a charged substrate, but also indirectly via coupling to all other mobile ions causing an electroosmotic flow. The directionality and magnitude of this flow depends on the selectivity of the channel. Modifying the charge state of three different substrates (Norfloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, and Enoxacin) by varying the pH between 6 and 9, while the charge and selectivity of OmpF is conserved, allows us to work under conditions where EOF and electrophoretic forces add or oppose. This configuration allows us to identify and distinguish the contributions of the electroosmotic flow and the electrophoretic force on translocation. Statistical analysis of the resolvable dwell-times reveals rich kinetic details regarding the direction and the stochastic movement of antibiotics inside the nanopore. We quantitatively describe the electroosmotic velocity component experienced by the substrates, and their diffusion coefficients inside the porin with an estimate of the energy barrier experienced by the molecules, caused by the interaction with the channel wall, slowing down the permeation by several orders of magnitude.
Encapsulation of a Ruthenium(II) Complex in Polylactide Nanoparticles: A Route to Remarkable Cellular Uptake for Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer
Authors: Soliman Nancy , McKenzie Luke K. , Karges Johannes , Bertrand Emilie , Tharaud Mickaël , Jakubaszek Marta , Guérineau Vincent , Goud Bruno , Hollenstein Marcel , Gasser Gilles , Thomas Christophe M.
Published: October 2019

Ruthenium complexes, and especially ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes, have attracted a lot of attention as potential photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy. However, some are unsuitable due to their low cellular uptake, potentially due to their relatively low degree of lipophilicity, which prevents them from penetrating tumor cells. Here, we report the conjugation of a non-cell-penetrating ruthenium polypyridyl complex, [Ru(bipy)2-dppz-7-hydroxymethyl][PF6]2 (bipy = 2,2’-bipyridine, dppz = dipyrido[3,2-a:2;2’,3’-c]phenazine) (RuOH), to a highly hydrophobic biodegradable and biocompatible polylactide to enhance its cellular uptake. The ruthenium-polylactide conjugates were prepared by drug-initiated ring-opening polymerization of lactide through the formation of a zinc alkoxide initiator and formulated into nanoparticles by nanoprecipitation. They were characterized by means of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization – time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Finally, their photo-therapeutic activity (λexc = 480 nm, 3.21 J cm-2) in cancerous human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) and non-cancerous retinal pigment epithelium (RPE-1) cells was tested alongside that of RuOH and their cellular uptake in HeLa cells was assessed by confocal microscopy and inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). All nanoparticles showed improved photophysical properties including luminescence and singlet oxygen generation, enhanced cellular uptake and, capitalizing on this, an improved photo-toxicity.
Overcoming Crystallinity Limitations of Aluminium Metal–Organic Frameworks by Oxalic Acid Modulated Synthesis
Authors: Canossa Stefano , Gonzalez-Nelson Adrian , Shupletsov Leonid , Martín María del Carmen , van der Veen Monique
Published: October 2019

A modulated synthesis approach based on the chelating properties of oxalic acid (H2C2O4) is presented as a robust and versatile method to achieve highly crystalline Al-based metal–organic frameworks (MOFs). A comparative study on this method and the already established modulation by hydrofluoric acid was conducted using MIL-53 as test system. The superior performance of oxalic acid modulation in terms of crystallinity and absence of undesired impurities is explained by assessing the coordination modes of the two modulators and the structural features of the product. The validity of our approach was confirmed for a diverse set of Al-MOFs, namely X-MIL-53 (X = OH, CH3O, Br, NO2), CAU-10, MIL-69, and Al(OH)ndc (ndc = 1,4-naphtalenedicarboxylate), highlighting the potential benefits of extending the use of this modulator to other coordination materials.
Estimation of serum electrolyte concentration among fuel pump/petrol station workers in Kirkuk city
Authors: Dlawer Abdulhammed Ahmad
Published: October 2019

Occupational exposure to petrol has been reported to cause serious health hazards especially liver and kidney disease. Electrolytes like Na+, K+, and Cl- are the important mediators of several physiological functions. The present study aims to evaluate the effect of petrol exposure on the serum electrolyte concentration among the workers at the Kirkuk petrol station. The cross-sectional study analyzed 29 petrol pump workers who were continuously exposed to petrol more at least one year in the Kirkuk city and did not have a history of any systemic illness, and 10 healthy age-matched controls who never had exposure to petrol were enrolled. The serum electrolyte levels (Na+, K+, and Cl-) were assessed in the petrol station workers working at Kirkuk city petrol station and the controls by FUJI DRI-CHEM system (Fujifilm (Japan) and expressed as mmol/l. These serum electrolyte levels were compared between the workers and the controls by Mann-Whitney U test and p values ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. All the participants in the study were males. None of the participants was smokers or alcohol consumers. No significant (p=0.32) difference was found in the mean age of the petrol station workers (34.22±6.57) years and the controls (36.70±6.33) years. The serum Na+ levels were significantly higher in the petrol station workers as compared to the controls. Similarly, serum Cl- levels were significantly higher in the petrol station workers as compared to the controls. Although the levels of the electrolytes studied were in the normal recommended range but the levels of Na+ and Cl-were significantly higher in the petrol station workers than the controls. Extensive studies involving larger sample sizes should be conducted to conclude the effect of petrol exposure on the electrolyte levels.
Effectiveness of salt water application on episiotomy wound among postnatal mothers
Authors: Resmy V  , Kadirvelu Divya
Published: October 2019

Pregnancies, as a whole, has extended and widen changes for an antenatal mother. Maternal schemes play an important role in mother, baby and family during the antenatal period. 60 (30 experimental groups and 30 control group) patients (postnatal mothers) who met the inclusion criteria were selected by using non-probability convenience sampling technique. After selecting the sample, the investigator explained the purpose of the study and informed consent was obtained. Demographic variables were collected pre-test was done by using the REEDA scale (experimental and control group). For the experimental group, the saltwater application was given twice a day for five days in 8 hours. Control group receives the routine hospital care. On the third postnatal day, post-test was done for the experimental and control group. The data were tabulated and analysed by descriptive and inferential statistics. The result shows that in experimental group pre-test (3.33%) were mild healed, and 29(97%) were not healed and in control group 30(100%) were not healed. post-test in experimental group 22(73%) were healed, and 8(27%) were moderately healed, in the control group 2(7%) were healed, 15(50%) were moderately healed and 13(43%) were mild healed. The calculated‘t' value is significant at P< 0.005. The study indicates that the application of salt water is effective on episiotomy wound healing among postnatal mothers.
A study to assess the level of knowledge on first aid management of dog bite and treatment modality of rabies among adult
Authors: Vimala S  , Bhuvaneshwari G  , Janaki Priya S  , Ishwariya K  , Inbarani S
Published: October 2019

Dog bite lacerations are an extensive community health problem in worldwide. Dogs assault and ensuing lesions can lead to an enduring defect. They also cause a budgetary difficult for the sufferer. So the present study is done to assess the level of knowledge on first aid management of dog bite and treatment modality of rabies among adults living in Mappedu village. A descriptive research design was done in a rural area in Mappedu. 60 samples are included in our study. Purposive sampling techniques method was used in selecting the samples. Self-Structured interviews were used to collect data. The level of knowledge on first aid management of dog bite and treatment modality of rabies.16 (26%) are inadequate, 42(70%) are moderate,2(3.3%) are adequate. The study concludes that there is inadequate knowledge on first aid management of dog bite and treatment modality of rabies among adults. There is a more need for health education regarding a dog bite, rabies among adults.
Assess the prevalence of leucorrhoea among women in reproductive age group
Authors: KalaBarathi S  , Jayabharathi K
Published: October 2019

Leucorrhoea is one of the major problems encountered in Gynaecological practice. The most common cause of leucorrhoea is physiological, followed by vaginal infections due to bacteria, virus, fungi and parasites. Other causes include foreign bodies, cervicitis and atrophic vaginitis. The aim of the study is to assess the prevalence of leucorrhoea among women in reproductive age group and to determine the association between the demographic variable and prevalence of leucorrhoea. A Non-experimental descriptive design was used to assess the prevalence of leucorrhoea among women in reproductive age group. Purposive sampling method was used. A total of 60 reproductive age group women participated in the study. Checklist method was used to assess the prevalence of leucorrhoea. The data was collected, organized and analyzed in term of descriptive statistics. The findings of the study revealed that out of 60 samples, 28(46.66%) were mild, 32(53.33%) were moderate, and none of them was severe. There is a statistically significant association with variables such as age, a number of child, income and education at P<0.05 level. Thus this study reveals that leucorrhoea is most likely among women in reproductive age so as nurses should assess the early manifestations to prevent the gynaecological diseases.
Review on current status of dengue and its prevention in India
Authors: Bhavatharini Sukumaran  , Alan Tom  , Krishnaveni Kandasamy  , Shanmuga Sundaram Rajagopal  , Sambathkumar Ramanathan
Published: October 2019

Dengue is an acute viral infection with potential deadly complications transmitted by both Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus female mosquitoes and is said to be a severe and increasing public health problem with 2.5 billion individuals at risk. WHO currently estimates that with around 24,000 fatalities, 50 million cases of dengue disease may occur globally once a year. In India, too, the condition is getting worse as morbidity and mortality rise. Several policies have been adopted to decrease dengue burden through applied research, field-based training, and capacity building among appropriate regional and national public health stakeholders.
Copper oxide nanoparticles synthesis and characterization using UV-vis spectrophotometer and TEM
Authors: Sadhvi B  , Rajeshkumar S  , Anitha Roy  , Lakshmi T
Published: October 2019

To synthesise Copper oxide nanoparticles and study it's characterisation using UV -viz - Spectrophotometer and TEM.  Copper oxide nanoparticles are eco-friendly, cost-efficient and diverse utilisation all over the medical field. The shape of the CuO nanoparticles are spherical, and its characterisation is done using SEM, TEM, and UV-vis techniques. The size of the nanoparticles mediated in each plant extract differs from one another. MATERIALS AND METHODS  * Collection and Preparation of Plant extracts. * Synthesis Of CuONPs * Characterization of copper nanoparticles * preparation of nanoparticles powder. The plant extract is in green colour, and the CuO nanoparticles are seen in light yellowish in colour. Uv-VIS SPECTROMETER:  The particle size ranges from 2-100nm and shape is spherical. The graph reached its peak at the wavelength of 300nm. The TEM shows spherical shape, dispersion and versatile nanoparticles. They appear to be arranged in a cluster, open and quasi-linear superstructures. This research shows that CuO nanoparticles shows excellent biocompatibility. The particles which are smaller in size shows great immunity. Hence the nanoparticles are expected to be used in future for effective drug systems.
Health-related quality of life in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation with tyrosine kinase inhibitors treatment: a systematic review
Authors: Seftika Sari  , Tri Murti Andayani  , Dwi Endarti  , Kartika Widayati
Published: October 2019

Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) have been recommended by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) as first-line therapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) patients with EGFR mutations. In addition to prolonging Progression-Free Survival and Overall Survival, one of the treatment goals also considers improving the health-related quality of life (HRQOL), which can help to achieve the patients' treatment targets. Several systematic review studies related to HRQOL in advanced NSCLC patients have already been carried out, but there are only a few studies of HRQOL in NSCLC patients who experience EGFR mutations and are treated with TKIs in their specific treatment. This Systematic review aims to provide an overview of the impact of TKIs on HRQOL. Relevant studies were identified from Science Direct, PubMed, and Scopus. They were limited to articles explaining TKIs as first-line therapy, written in English, not a systematic review or meta-analysis, and not containing incomplete text. Electronic data-based search produced 112 articles, with 21 articles matched the title and abstract, yet only nine articles met the inclusion and exclusion to be reviewed. In general, the impact of HRQOL on TKIs is better than platinum and placebo-based chemotherapy. Afatinib, erlotinib, and gefitinib further improved HRQOL compared to platinum and placebo-based chemotherapy seen from the improvements in symptoms, physical function, and social function scale. However, gefitinib vs erlotinib showed no significant difference in patients’ the quality of life. TKIs provide better HRQOL than platinum and placebo-based chemotherapy.
Recent updates on dry powder for inhalation for pulmonary drug delivery systems
Authors: Sanjeevani Shekhar Deshkar  , Alisha Swizal Vas
Published: October 2019

Pulmonary drug delivery system is an attractive and most promising approach which is gaining great impetus for the delivery of various therapeutic agents which includes administration of proteins and peptides, agents for the treatment of tuberculosis, asthma, diabetes chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD), various fungal infections, cancer, etc. This route has gained great importance due to its large surface and the absorptive area, which can potentially bypass the hepatic first-pass metabolism. The dawn of nanotechnology has brought a lot of advancement in the pre-existing formulation aspect with respect to reducing the systemic toxicity and dosing, specific targeting and enhanced efficiency of the treatment. This review reflects on the basics of pulmonary drug delivery, various formulations options available for administration via dry powder inhalers and advances in the same.
Perbandingan pH Dan Daya Sebar Krim Ekstrak Kulit Nanas (Ananas comosus (L). Merr)
Authors: Gunawan Indra
Published: October 2019

Penyakit kulit akibat jamur merupakan insiden nomor tiga dari seluruh kasus penyakit kulit di Indonesia setelah penyakit infeksi dan alergi. Penelitian ekstrak kulit nanas (Ananas comosus (L) Merr.) terbukti  mempunyai daya hambat tehadap pertumbuhan jamur Trichophyton rubrum dengan rata-rata diameter zona hambat 24,6 mm. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan krim ekstrak kulit nanas (Ananas comosus (L) Merr.) dengan konsentrasi nanas biasa 10% (F1), 12% (F2), nanas madu 10% (F3), 12% (F4) serta kontrol negatif (F0) yang memenuhi persyaratan sediaan krim. Pembuatan krim esktrak kulit nanas menggunakan fase minyak dalam air. Bahan yang digunakan dalam formulasi; asam stearat, cera alba, vaselin album, triethanolamine, propilen glikol, dan aquades. Uji daya sebar dilakukan untuk melihat diameter penyebaran krim dan uji pH krim dilakukan menggunakan pembanding pH kulit manusia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa krim ekstrak kulit nanas biasa dan nanas madu (Ananas comosus (L) Merr.) berwarna coklat muda, berbau khas, dan memiliki tekstur setengah padat cenderung padat. pH krim yang memenuhi persyaratan  adalah F2, F3, dan F4. Hasil pengolahan Several Independent Test menggunakan uji Kruskal-Wallis H terhadap pH dan daya sebar (F0, F1, F2, F3,dan F4) didapatkan hasil nilai Sig < α (nilai α= 0,05) yang berarti nilai nya berbeda secara signifikan.
Calculation and experimental assessment of the strength and limit states of composite structures for spacecraft
Authors: Moskvichev V. V. , Lepikhin A. M. , Burov A. E. , Doronin S. V. , Moskvichev E. V.
Published: October 2019

Modern polymer composite materials with high specific characteristics of strength and stiffness allow creating strong, durable and geometrically stable space structures. To expand the scope of application of composite materials and increase the competitiveness of space structures, it is necessary to further improve design methods with the widespread use of multiscale computational modeling of deformation and fracture processes. The paper presents the results of analysis on the strength and dimensional stability of structures made of polymer composites. A metal-composite high-pressure tank for electric propulsion systems and the design of precision reflectors for space- and ground-based antennas are considered. The methods and results of experimental and computational studies on the stress-strain and ultimate states of structures are described. The methods and means of non-destructive testing, the results of the analysis on the stress-strain state and full-scale tests of the tank structure are described. Generalized estimates of the load-carrying capacity of reflector structures under given operating conditions are given.
How Company Manage Stakeholder Engagement For Sustainable Tourism Development In Indonesia?
Authors: Atmadi Gayatri
Published: October 2019

The background of this research is that in the past, the increasing trend of mountain climbing in Indonesia has reportedly raised environmental problems, especially regarding the tremendous volume of rubbish left behind mountain climbers.  Plastic waste threatens the Indonesia tourism industry in mountain areas. The government stated that the continuously increasing plastic waste threatens to ruin Indonesia's tourism sector. The mineral water industry is one of the government's primary focuses in its plastic waste reduction. As Indonesia's largest plastic-bottled mineral water brand, Aqua is pledging to remove more plastic from the environment than it uses by 2025. The purpose of the research is to get a descriptive analysis of how the company can manage its stakeholder engagement for reducing plastic waste in Indonesia. This research employed a qualitative narrative analysis method with a case study around Aqua’s efforts for reducing plastic waste in Indonesia and data collected from digital media. The principal results of the research show that Aqua made good collaboration between the Trashbag Community Indonesia, The Ministry of Environment and Forestry, and media journalists on the program “Sapujagad 2017" by removing 5 tons of rubbish from Indonesia's mountains. In conclusion, a successful company must do stakeholder engagement and corporate social responsibility activities for supporting sustainable tourism development in Indonesia.
ALGUNOS RASGOS DEFINITORIOS DE UN DERECHO DEL TRABAJO EN PROCESO DE CAMBIO
Authors: Goldin Adrián
Published: October 2019

Operando sobre el nivel de la construcción teórica e institucional del Derecho del Trabajo, este estudio procura identificar los rasgos definitorios de este Derecho, entendiendo por tales aquellos que constituyen componentes básicos y estructurales de su configuración más extendida y estable. Este ensayo se propone, además, llamar la atención sobre la utilidad de una distinción de este tipo para hacer el seguimiento de la intensidad de los procesos de transformación que experimenta un Derecho del Trabajo que cambia.
LA CRISIS ECONÓMICA VERSUS REFORMA DEL SISTEMA DE PENSIONES
Authors: Tortuero Plaza José Luis
Published: October 2019

De todos los riesgos cubiertos por la Seguridad Social consistentes en defectos de rentas, el más importante, con mucho, es el de vejez. Y ello, porque se trata de una situación caracterizada por la frecuencia de su cristalización, al constituir el término previsibley normal de la vida profesional del individuo. Podemos decir, por tanto, que la jubilación es receptora, en términos generales, del conjunto de ciudadanos que se incorporan a la población activa, de ahí la importante dependencia de las estructuras demográficas de cada país y de los fenómenos que inciden sobre aquéllas. La característica referida viene agravada por el progresivo aumento de la esperanza de vida de la población lo que deriva en el creciente disfrute temporal de la pensión y su añadida necesidad de revalorización periódica, de forma que las pensiones mantengan, al menos, su poder adquisitivo. Podemos afirmar que la jubilación constituye la médula espinal de cualquier sistema de protección social. Igualmente lo es, que su ordenación jurídica gira en torno al establecimiento de una edad fija o variable que articula el tránsito de la situación de activo a la situación de pensionista de jubilación. La edad se convierte así, en la llave maestra del sistema y adquiere por tanto connotaciones de especial relevancia. Precisamente por ello, hay que ser especialmente cuidadoso a la hora de redefinir la edad de jubilación, no sólo por la complejidad de la tarea en sí misma, sino por el entramado de condicionantes propios y ajenos o colaterales, presentes yfuturos que actúan en un espacio múltiple de difícil y necesario equilibrio. La singularidad de los tiempos actuales está en que múltiples piezas del entramado global se han desencajado afectando al equilibrio del sistema y, por tanto, a su viabilidad.A todos estos temas me referiré a lo largo de las reflexiones que siguen, centrándome en las reformas efectuadas en España, que comparten múltiples espacios con las efectuadas en otros Estados de la UE.
NOUVELLES FORMES DE GOUVERNANCE ET ATTENTES MORALES DES SALARIÉS : L’EXPÉRIENCE FRANÇAISE
Authors: France Mialon Marie
Published: October 2019

L´article propose de retrouvé le débat essentiel sur la place de l’Homme dans le processus de production dans une perspective historique et philosophique. Le problème de recherche tient sur la hiérarchie entre le produit et la personne qui a œuvré à la production et interroge sur l’équilibre entre les intérêts des producteurs et ceux qui ont investi dans l’entreprise de production et qui souhaitent en retirer un maximum de bénéfice financier. Cette discussion est important car le nombre de suicides, de dépressions, de maladies professionnelles liées au stress au travail ont augmenté pendant ces dernières années. Une politique de participation des salariés aux capital et aux résultats ne suffit pas pour mettre l’Homme au centre de l’entreprise. C´est donc important de rappeler que le salarié/producteur doit être associé aux décisions qui le concernent pour qu’il adhère au projet de l’entreprise. Afin de accomplir son objectif, l´article d´abord expose les modes de participation financière appliqués dans les entreprises françaises depuis 50 ans (I), et en suite traite des modes actuels de prise en compte des risques psychosociaux dans les entreprises les plus sensibles aux problèmes générés par le stress au travail et au souci de considération de leurs salariés (II).
ALGUNS ASPECTOS SOBRE A GREVE NO BRASIL
Authors: Simão de Melo Raimundo
Published: October 2019

objetivamos e fizemos no presente artigo uma breve análise de alguns aspectos envolvendo o direito de greve no Brasil. Analisamos o seu enquadramento legal ao longo do tempo (como delito, como ato antissocial contrário aos interesses do capital e do trabalho e como direito fundamental dos trabalhadores assegurado na Constituição Federal de 1988). A partir de então abordamos sobre os interesses que podem ser defendidos com a greve, se podem ou não os trabalhadores fazer greve política e de solidariedade, se, diante da falta de regulamentação legal, podem os servidores públicos exercer o direito de greve assegurado na Constituição Federal, tratamos da situação dos militares, que foram proibidos de fazer greve, do complexo tema da greve nos serviços essenciais, dos limites do direito de greve, dos requisitos para o seu exercício regular, dos direitos e deveres dos grevistas, da greve ambiental e dos seus pressupostos específicos e, finalmente, das responsabilidades legais advindas do exercício do direito de greve.
PODER EMPREGATÍCIO E DEMOCRACIA
Authors: Dockès Emmanuel
Published: October 2019

O presente artigo visa ao estudo da evolução histórica da ideia de democracia e de suas relações intrínsecas com o Direito do Trabalho. Evidencia-se a necessidade de limitação do poder empregatício, a imprescindibilidade da democratização de seu exercício, para a garantia e efetividade dos direitos fundamentais trabalhistas. Do mesmo modo, demonstra-se a essencialidade do Direito do Trabalho para a concretização da democracia na sociedade capitalista.