bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanical And Metallurgical Investigation Of Tig Welded-Brazed Aluminum And Stainless Steel Disimilar Joint By Using Copper Filler Rod
Authors:   Gitam Demmed to be university, Hyderabad, India., Kotari Sairam , Punna Eshwaraiah ,   Gitam Demmed to be university, Hyderabad, India.
Published: September 2021

Automobile bodies made by mix of steel and aluminum composites are getting famous in present days to decrease weight. Present work means to exhibit the strength of Aluminum and steel welded joint. Primary measures centered in this work are strength forecast, streamlining of welding measure boundaries and investigation of intermetallics. Base materials utilized are AA6061 aluminum alloys and SS304 hardened steel alloy. BCuP-4 copper filler bar is utilized for TIG welding/brazing of base metals. Taguchi L27 symmetrical exhibit with three elements is taken for plan of analyses. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) a tool used to determine a remarkable effect of welding parameters and their performance significantly. In addition, experimental Tensile strength is compared to predicted values based on ANN. The results were found to be satisfactory. Formation Of IMCs were studied by doing SEM analysis.
3D-Verpackungssystem
Authors: Sachs Melanie
Published: September 2021

Auch im Corona-Lockdown konnte der österreichische Online-Händler Sport Okay eine erhöhte Nachfrage problemlos bewältigen. Dazu setzte der Sportartikelversender auf die automatisierte Verpackungslösung CVP Impack.
Online-Lebensmittelhandel mit Potenzial bei der Logistik
Authors: Noroschat Dominik
Published: September 2021

Die Umsätze im Online-Lebensmittelhandel sind in den letzten Jahren kontinuierlich gestiegen. So war 2018 im Vergleich zum Vorjahr eine Erhöhung des Umsatzes um ca. 20 Prozent auf 1,360 Milliarden Euro zu verzeichnen.[1]
Schluss mit den Märchen!
Authors: Isensee Till , Bähr Sonja
Published: September 2021

Es war einmal ... Wenn ein Gespräch so anfängt, ist wenigstens gleich klar, dass es sich um ein Märchen handelt, in dem Wunder und fantastische Dinge passieren können. Aber das ist nur die halbe Wahrheit.
Klarer Fall: Verbrauchertäuschung?
Authors: Isensee Till , Bähr Sonja
Published: September 2021

Für das Image ist es in jedem Fall gut, wenn der größte Lebensmitteleinzelhändler eine Kooperation mit einem weltbekannten NGO eingeht und dafür publikumswirksam mit einem Pandabären werben kann.
„Funktional, attraktiv und nachhaltig“
Authors: Sachs Melanie
Published: September 2021

Eine gute Verpackung muss die Zielgruppe des Produkts gezielt ansprechen. Marko Leiviskä, Graphic Packaging Designer bei Metsä Board, schildert, wie ein Designprozess abläuft und was besonders häufig nachgefragt wird.
Extra-Steuer auf Kunststoff?
Authors: Zopfi Andreas
Published: September 2021

Die Europäische Union spurt vor beim Thema Kunststoffsteuer. Doch beschleunigt und ebnet eine solche Massnahme tatsächlich – wie politisch gewünscht – den Weg in die Kreislaufwirtschaft? Fachverbände wie auch das Schweizerische Verpackungsinstitut (SVI) sehen dies kritisch.
Swiss Brands
Authors: Schönrock Dirk
Published: September 2021

Roland Müller / Gregory C. Zäch (Herausgeber): «Swiss Brands. Wie Toblerone, Swatch, Maggi & Co. die Welt erobert haben». Midas Verlag, Zürich. 1. Auflage 2020. 160 Seiten, gebunden, Hardcover. ISBN 978-3-03876-127-3. Preis: 33 CHF.
IML-Lösungen aus Portugal
Authors: Geiger Michaela
Published: September 2021

Mit dem Ausbau des Standorts in Barcelos in Portugal erweitert die Beck Automation AG mit Hauptsitz in Oberengstringen ZH ihre internationalen Produktionskapazitäten. Derzeit 20 Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter fertigen dort kundennahe Lösungen rund um die In-Mould-Labeling (IML)-Automation.
Verpackungsworkflow live erleben
Authors: Geiger Michaela
Published: September 2021

Mit mehreren Live-Sessions nahm Koenig & Bauer mit Sitz in D-Würzburg an der virtual.drupa teil. Die komplett virtuelle Auflage der Branchenleitmesse fand vom 20. bis 23. April 2021 statt. Der Druckmaschinenhersteller präsentierte dabei unter anderem seinen Verpackungsworkflow und intelligente Digitalisierungslösungen.
Leichtgewicht für Joghurt
Authors: Geiger Michaela
Published: September 2021

Greiner Packaging hat einen Lightweight-Becher aus Polypropylen für die Warm- und Kaltabfüllung entwickelt, der deutlich Material einspart, hochwertig dekoriert werden kann und zusätzlich die Integration von QR-Codes oder digitalen Wasserzeichen ermöglicht.
A review on the COVID-19, its history, diagnostic approaches, role of herbs and current world scenario
Authors: Devendra Singh , Vishnu Agarwal
Published: September 2021

COVID- 19, a novel coronavirus disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by coronavirus-2) transmitted from person to person, is now declared as a pandemic worldwide by WHO. SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the family of Coronaviridae. Covid-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) is an infectious disease with clinical symptoms like fever, sore throat, sneezing, shortness of breath, fatigue, cough, diarrhoea, chills, and respiratory symptoms that has now entered into the new dangerous phase. This virus can easily extend and can cause severe illness to the global village. Till 7Nov 2020, the total number of confirmed COVID-19 cases was 48534508, and the death number is 1231017, affecting, directly and indirectly, more than 215 territories worldwide. Hence an effective international strategy is required to control and prevent this disaster. To combat the coronavirus-2 different approaches have been initiated in scientific concern, but focussed attention should be given to the medical value of herbal plant extract to prevent these endemic type diseases. Hence, this review describes the symptoms and the role of herbal plants in treating the COVID-19.
AUTOLOGOUS PLATELET - RICH PLASMA (PRP) THERAPY AND CHANGEMENTS OF TOPICAL BIOLOGICAL MARKERS (EGF, VEGF AND MMP12) OF CHRONIC WOUNDS
Authors: Ngoc Tuan Nguyen , Tran Ngoc Tu Nguyen , Tien Dung Nguyen
Published: September 2021

Objective: Our aim was to evaluate topical EGF, VEGF, MMP12 concentrations of ​​chronic wounds which after Autologous Platelet - Rich Plasma(PRP) therapy.

Methods: The study conducted a descriptive longitudinal study at the Wound Healing Center of the Vietnam National Burn Hospital from 11/2018 to 2/2020. 24 patients with chronic wounds and aged 18 years old or older were enrolled in this study. These patients were injected autologous PRP at wound bed. We biopsied chronic wound bed tissue for evaluating EGF, VEGF and MMP12 by the Elisa technique at the first, second and third week of follow-up.

Results: After PRP therapy, topical EGF and VEGF concentration increased after 1 week of treatment. MMP12 concentraiton significantly reduced compaired to before PRP therapy.

Conclusion: In addition to PRP therapy had a beneficial effect on cutaneous regeneration and wound healing of the chronic wound. The autologous PRP promoted the wound healing process byincreating topical EGF and VEGF, reducing MMP12 which known as a pro-inflammatiory mediator.
WILLINGNESS-TO-PAY FOR INSULIN IN DIABETES TREATMENT: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Thi Kieu Oanh Le , Thi Ngoc Van Tran , Thy Nhac Vu Hoang
Published: September 2021

Background: Insulin treatment is necessary for all patients with type 1 diabetes and a subset of patients with type 2 diabetes. However, lifetime insulin treatment is relatively costly that has put a heavy financial burden on insulin-dependent diabetics. Several studies thus have been conducted widely to estimate diabetes patients' willingness to pay (WTP) for insulin therapies worldwide. This study aimed to derive the diabetes patients' WTP for insulin therapy from the results of previous research studies. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of diabetes patients’ WTP for insulin was conducted. All studies were searched and derived from PubMed combined with MeSH, Cochrane library combined with MeSH, ScienceDirect, and Springer Nature. The WTP values were estimated for three different types of insulin, including short-acting, rapid-acting insulin; long-acting, slow-acting insulin, and mixed insulin. Review Manager 5.1.4 software was used to conduct the meta-analysis. Results: Twelve studies were identified by the systematic review, in which eight studies were eligible for a meta-analysis. Most studies were conducted in high-income countries (83.3%), mainly in America (41.7%) and Europe (33.3%). The insulin formulation with the highest mean WTP value was Humalog Mix25 insulin, which was recorded at 410.42 USD per month in the UK and more than 120 USD per month in France, Italy, Spain, and Germany; while most of the other insulin formulations had mean WTP values less than 120 USD per month. Compared to diabetes patients, general populations were willing to pay less for insulin, which was observed in the case of Humalog Mix25 insulin (mean 95.77 USD per month vs 205.89 USD per month) and inhaled insulin (mean 50.43 USD per month compared to more than 120 USD per month). The meta-analysis showed the WTP value for insulin was 74.15 USD per month (95% CI; 55.82 - 92.48). Conclusion: This study showed a comparison of WTP values for different insulin formulations worldwide. The mean WTP value for insulin derived from all previous research may provide an initial understanding of the individuals' preference and WTP. This information could contribute to the effort of managing diabetes and reducing the financial burden of this chronic disease.
Comentario de libros. Gustavo Gutiérrez. Dios o el oro en las Indias. Siglo XVI. Lima: CEP, 1989, 177 páginas; Salamanca: Sígueme, 1989, 162 páginas
Authors: Sobrino Jon
Published: September 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

Revista latinoamericana de teología, Vol. 6, No. 17, 1989: 233-236.
Teología de la liberación y marxismo
Authors: Ellacuría Ignacio
Published: September 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

Revista latinoamericana de teología, Vol. 7, No. 20, 1990: 109-135.
La comunión eclesial alrededor del pueblo crucificado. A la memoria de Ignacio Ellacuría
Authors: Sobrino Jon
Published: September 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

Revista latinoamericana de teología, Vol. 7, No. 20, 1990: 137-162.
Evangelización en la colonia. De procuranda indorum salute
Authors: Trigo Pedro
Published: September 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

Revista latinoamericana de teología, Vol. 7, No. 20, 1990: 163-188.
Mi deuda con Ignacio Ellacuría
Authors: González Faus José Ignacio
Published: September 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

Revista latinoamericana de teología, Vol. 7, No. 21, 1990: 255-262.
Use of public interior with modern design styles
Authors:   KazATU names S. Seifullin, Nur-Sultan, Republic of Kazakhstan, Espenbetov B. Zh. , Khamitov S. X. ,   KazATU names S. Seifullin, Nur-Sultan, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: September 2021

The article analyzes the main tasks and principles of solving the interior decoration of public buildings as a place of everyday life. Considered modern trends in interior design: avant-garde, high-tech, fusion.
Methodological approaches to the design of archaeological-paleontological parks in Ukraine
Authors:   National Science and Natural History Museum NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Kepin D.V.
Published: September 2021

The article was examined conceptual approaches to the museumification of Monuments of the Palaeolithic Age in Ukraine. The projects for the preservation of Late Paleolithic domestic complexes with the remains of mammoth-bones dwellings of the Magdeleine time (Mizin, Mezhyrich, Dobranichevka, Gintsy) were analyzed. The creation of archaeological- paleontological parks has been proposed.
Preconditions and regularities of reconstruction of small settlements in Northern Kazakhstan
Authors:   S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Коrnilova А.А. , Аbdrashitova Т.А. ,   S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
Published: September 2021

The aim of the work is to determine the principles of constructing the architectural and planning structure of small settlements on the example of settlements in Northern Kazakhstan.
Typological features of housing for comfortable living of the elderly
Authors:   International Educational Corporation (KAZGASА Campus), Almaty, Kazakhstan, Kuandyk А.M.
Published: September 2021

The article analyses the spatial needs for comfortable living of different categories of elderly people: elderly dependent, semi-dependent or independent of assistance from others. The typological features of living spaces that will meet the needs of all categories of older people are considered.
Ecological aspect in the architecture of the "Marseille residential unit"
Authors:   KazATU named after S. Seifullin, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Mammedov C.E. , Baydrakhmanova M.G. ,   KazATU named after S. Seifullin, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
Published: September 2021

The article uses the example of the «Marseille residential unit» to identify architectural and planning solutions that increase the degree of environmental friendliness of the residential environment.
Optimization of the transport and pedestrian framework of a smart city
Authors:   S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Smagulova A. B.
Published: September 2021

This article aims to highlight the issues of dividing the movement of pedestrians and transport in the urban space of regions with a sharply continental climate using the example of the city of Nur-Sultan, where the main condition will be to ensure mutual relations between participants in the movement. The analysis of world experience shows that one of the principles of the formation of a smart city in the context of urban planning solutions, such an action solves a number of problems associated with urban transport and pedestrian connections.
Mathematical methods for identifying objective factors the laws of beauty and music
Authors:   Aulet LLP, Nur-Sultan,  Kazakhstan, Tortaev A. S.
Published: September 2021

The article deals with the problems of beauty perception based on mathematical laws. It is assumed that there are objective laws of beauty and harmony that are universal for all types of arts. Thus, scientific knowledge of the phenomenon of beauty becomes possible.
Criteria for evaluating the quality of architecture buildings of elite residential complexes
Authors:   L.N. Gumilev Eurasian National University (Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan), Chernysh N.A. , Ibraeva A. ,   L.N. Gumilev Eurasian National University (Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan)
Published: September 2021

This article deals with the problem of the lack of accurate criteria for evaluating luxury housing today. The existing criteria of elite housing are given, urban planning, space planning, and service groups are identified. Examples of houses of this type from foreign design experience, including in London and Paris, are considered.
Research and optimization of design solutions of special-purpose clothing for burn patients
Authors:   Almaty Technological University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Shaizadanova G.S. , Kucharbaeva K.Zh. ,   Almaty Technological University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Mokeeva N.S. ,   Russian State University named after A. N. Kosygin (Technologies. Design. Art), Moscow, Russia
Published: September 2021

This article discusses the tasks of forming quality indicators in the development of special-purpose clothing for patients with thermal injuries in a medical institution. A set of special-purpose clothing has been developed, taking into account the specific requirements, characteristics, and topography of the treatment procedures performed, which ensures further rehabilitation of patients.
On the question of safe operation of artificial structures of railways
Authors:   Kazakh Academy of Transport and Communications named after M. Tynyshpayev, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Kvashnin M. Ya. , Bekzhanova S.E. ,   Kazakh Academy of Transport and Communications named after M. Tynyshpayev, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Akbayevа A. S. ,   Kazakh Academy of Transport and Communications named after M. Tynyshpayev, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Bondary I. S. ,   Kazakh Academy of Transport and Communications named after M. Tynyshpayev, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Kurbenov A. ,   Kazakh Academy of Transport and Communications named after M. Tynyshpayev, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: September 2021

This article shows the possibility of using devices and equipment from the laboratory «Testing of tracks and artificial structures» of the Kazakh Academy of Transport and Communications named after M. Tynyshpayeva when conducting surveys and testing of bridges and diagnostics of the roadbed of railway embankments in order to ensure their safe operation. The instruments and equipment of the laboratory were used in the development of methods for vibrodiagnostics of the track superstructure, girder spans of railway bridges, and approach embankments to bridges, high railway embankments, and embankments on weak foundations.
Influence of montmorillonite clay on the physical and mechanical properties of the ceramic mass
Authors:   Zhangir Khan West Kazakhstan Agrarian and Technical University, Uralsk, Kazakhstan, Montaev S.A. , Adilova N.В. ,   Zhangir Khan West Kazakhstan Agrarian and Technical University, Uralsk, Kazakhstan, Shakeshev B.T. ,   Zhangir Khan West Kazakhstan Agrarian and Technical University, Uralsk, Kazakhstan
Published: September 2021

The intensification of the growth of industrial production of building materials causes an urgent need for economical use of material and fuel and energy resources, especially in such an energy-and resource-intensive industry as the production of construction ceramics. To improve the physical and mechanical properties of building ceramics, to reduce energy consumption during drying, as well as to increase the strength indicators, pilot tests of the influence of bentonite clay w for obtaining face wall ceramics were carried out. The regularities of the structure and phase formation of the ceramic composition depending on the firing temperature have been established. Modification of the raw mixture with bentonite clay to assess the increase in strength by 20-30% with a general decrease in the firing temperature by 100-120 ° C.
Method for determining the degree of influence of the heating temperature on the strength set of concrete based on isotherms
Authors:   ", Utepov E.B. ,   CSI Research&Lab",   LLP, NAO ENU named after L. N. Gumilyov, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Tulebekova A.S. ,   "CSI Research&Lab" LLP, NAO ENU named after L. N. Gumilyov, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Akhmetov D.A. ,   "NIISTROMPROEKT" LLP, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Root E.N. ,   "NIISTROMPROEKT" LLP, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Zharassov Sh.Zh. ,   TOO "CSI Research & Lab", Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
Published: September 2021

The article presents the development of an alternative approach to determining the degree of influence of the curing temperature on the concrete strength gain, based on the construction of isotherms. Based on the test results, isotherms were plotted, representing the graphs of strength gain for each of the temperature regimes. Visual and numerical comparison of the concrete strength values obtained from isotherms gave an understanding of the degree of influence of sample heating on strength development.
Railway bridge survey
Authors:   Kazakh Academy of Transport and Communications named after M. Tynyshpayev, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Khasenov C.C. , Kvashnin M.Ya. ,   Kazakh Academy of Transport and Communications named after M. Tynyshpayev, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Kurbenova A.K. ,   Kazakh Academy of Transport and Communications named after M. Tynyshpayev, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Seitkazinov O.D. ,   International Educational Corporation (KazGASА Campus), Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: September 2021

This scientific article addresses the issues of a survey of bridges in order to determine the need for reconstruction or repair measures at these facilities and to collect baseline data for the dismantling of railway reconstruction projects. Inspection of culverts is carried out in order to determine the need for the appointment of reconstructive or repair measures at these facilities and to collect baseline data for the development of railway reconstruction projects. An approximate list of survey work and measurements is given. The calculation models for the analysis of the stress-strain state (VAT) and the modal analysis of the structure are constructed according to the data provided in the form of working documentation for the structure in question. Models of reinforced concrete elements of the supporting structures of the overpass allow for the joint work of reinforcing elements and concrete filling. Concrete filling of structures of reinforced concrete blocks of superstructures of 16.5 m and 23.6 m, as well as frames and pedestals of intermediate supports of the overpass, are specified by volume elements. Reinforcing structural elements (frames, grids, wire bundles for prestressing concrete) of spans and structures of intermediate supports are defined by bar elements and take into account their spatial location in the concrete filling. The results of the calculation analysis of the supporting structures of the overpass through the single-track railway line are presented.
Applying Wavelet transform to information compression
Authors:   International University of Information Technologies, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Imanbekova T.D. , Zhaksylyk A. ,   KAСЕ-L at KazGASА, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan, Kozlov I.A. ,   International University of Information Technologies, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: September 2021

This paper discusses the application of wavelet transform for information compression, analysis of discrete wavelet transform tools using the software. Algorithms for audio signal compression and image compression using wavelets are considered.
Simulation of urbanization process of Shymkent city
Authors:   International University of Information Technologies, Almaty,  Kazakhstan, Sapakova S. , Paizolla A. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: September 2021

The article examines the process of urbanization in Shymkent and identifies the factors influencing the process of urbanization in Shymkent. Modern models of studying the process of urbanization are analyzed: the theory of urban settlements, differential urbanization, and the theory of central places. The analysis showed that the urbanization system of Kazakhstan is developing in the context of the planned transition to a market economy, which can serve as a platform for testing the functioning of the economy. Also, a mobile application has been developed to track urbanization processes in Shymkent.
Main characteristics and prospects of big data technologies application
Authors:   L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Serikbayeva S.K. , Turdybek A.A. ,   Аstana International University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to an overview of the Big Data technology and its features. The main characteristics are given that make it possible to distinguish this technology from others, the principles of working with it, which allow the analysis to be carried out as efficiently as possible. The necessity of using and the prospects of using Big Data technologies is substantiated, the results of using this technology are considered. The analysis of existing software hardware used for analysis and processing of big data, such as MapReduce and NoSQL, is carried out, their advantages and features are highlighted.
How to PROceed? Reviewing obstacles and perspectives in patient-centered digital care in radiation oncology
Authors: Böhner Alexander Marc Christian , Schmeel Leonard Christopher , Andreas Feisst , Davide Scafa , Gustavo R. Sarria , Torres Crigna Adriana , Koch David , Garbe Stephan , Link Barbara , Brüser Dilini , Giordano Frank A.
Published: September 2021

As the general public is increasing their online presence and is becoming confident with the digital infrastructure, an opportunity for patient-centered digital care has arisen. Electronic patient-reported outcomes, (e)PRO in short, may facilitate enhanced clinical management of radiation oncology patients. This might enable the physicians to take the initiative and counteract symptoms or undesired side effects before they aggravate and thus, reducing treatment-associated costs. In this article, we review the impetus for and modalities of (e)PRO-based data acquisition and handling in research and routine. We conclude that prospective and technical studies are needed to prove the clinical significance of (e)PROs to pave the way to monetary compensation and widespread application.
Eurooppalainen vakauttajavaltio Suomessa
Authors: Tuominen Tomi
Published: September 2021

Saksalainen taloussosiologi Wolfgang Streeck on esittänyt teorian vakauttajavaltiosta: kapitalismin ja demokratian yhteensopimattomuus on johtanut siihen, että valtion rooliksi on muodostunut markkinoiden tyydyttäminen velaksi elämisen jatkamiseksi. Artikkelissa tarkastellaan Streeckin vakauttajavaltiota koskevaa teoriaa Euroopan talous- ja rahaliiton kontekstissa, erityisesti Suomen näkökulmasta. Artikkelissa eritellään vakauttajavaltion tekijät, joilla Streeckin mukaan on vaikutuksia kansalliseen tasoon, sekä arvioidaan näiden esiintymistä Suomessa. Artikkelin tarkoitus on ensisijaisesti arvioida Suomen tapahtumia Streeckin teorian valossa, mutta se mahdollistaa myös Streeckin teorian arvioinnin. Artikkelin johtopäätös on, että Streekin näkemys siitä, kuinka ylikansallisen vakauttajavaltion esiinmarssi syrjäyttää kansallisen demokraattisen päätöksenteon, ei kaikilta osin pidä paikkaansa Suomessa. Analyysi tuo kuitenkin esiin seikkoja, jotka antavat aihetta huoleen myös Suomessa.
Taloustiede episteemisenä yhteisönä ja kamppailu asiantuntijuudesta
Authors: Eskelinen Teppo , Jonker-Hoffrén Paul
Published: September 2021

Artikkelissa tutkitaan taloustiedettä episteemisenä yhteisönä ja tämän episteemisen yhteisön käyttämiä retorisia keinoja rajojensa puolustamiseen. Episteemisen yhteisön teoria korostaa jaettuja metodologisia lähtökohtia ja arvolähtökohtia yhteisöjen koossapitävinä voimina, minkä lisäksi taloustiede on havaittu tutkimuksessa erityisen metodologisesti eristäytyneeksi. Artikkelissa eritellään taloustieteilijöiden episteemisen yhteisön suomalaisessa julkisuudessa käyttämiä retorisia strategioita sosiaalisesta mediasta kerätyn aineiston avulla. Aineistosta erottuvat strategiat ovat epäsymmetrinen näytön vaatiminen, auktoriteetin kieltäminen ja kaksoisstandardi.
Celso Furtado: planejamento e superação do subdesenvolvimento (1950-1964)
Authors: Vieira Wilson
Published: September 2021

Este artigo tem como objeto a reflexão e a atuação de Celso Furtado em prol da superação do subdesenvolvimento através da técnica do planejamento global entre 1950 e 1964. Os objetivos são: 1) mostrar como Furtado atua e reflete sobre o planejamento global democrático; 2) analisar a relação entre técnica e política nessa atuação e nessa reflexão; 3) apresentar as continuidades e mudanças na sua atuação como planejador na Comissão Econômica para a América Latina e o Caribe (CEPAL), na Superintendência para o Desenvolvimento do Nordeste (SUDENE) e no Ministério do Planejamento. A justificativa da escolha do corte temporal 1950-1964 pode ser encontrada no fato de que foi o período em que Furtado atuou mais diretamente como planejador.
THE LOCAL RESECTION OF THE HEAD OF THE PANCREAS WITH DUODENUM PRESERVING AT THE CHRONIC PANCREATITIS
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, Tretyak S.I. , Rashchynski S.М. ,   Belarusian State Medical University,   City Clinical Emergency Hospital
Published: September 2021

Aims/Objectives. The purpose of our research was studying of the reasons to increase head of the pancreas with a comparative estimation of morphological changes and outcomes of surgical treatment at patients by whom the local resection of the head of the pancreas with duodenum- preserving has been executed. Materials and methods. Results of the surgical treatment and morphological changes of 104 patients were studied: a local resection of the head of the pancreas with longitudinal pancreaticojejunostomy (LRHP+LPJ, n = 33), LRHP without LPJ (LRHP—LPJ' n = 36) and a local resection of the head and isthmus of the pancreas without LPJ (LRHIP—LPJ, n = 35). Results and discussion. In comparison groups has been revealed statistically significant distinction (Н = 17,357, df = 2, р = 0,002) on the sizes of the pancreas head. In their groups has been revealed statistically significant distinction in the sizes intrapancreatic pseudocysts in the pancreas head (Н = 8,912, df = 2, р = 0,012). The Spearman correlation (Spearman, p) had been found out statistically significant strong direct dependence between variables «the sizes of the pancreas head» and «the sizes intrapancreatic pseudocysts in the pancreas head «in comparison groups: LRHP+LPJ p = +0,73, р < 0,0001, LRHP-LPJ p = +0,78, р < 0,0001, LRHIP-LPJ p = +0,76, р < 0,0001. Between three groups of the patients by quantity of complications after operation were statistically significant (x2 = 10,644, df = 2, р = 0,005). In comparison groups has not been established distinctions on presence of the complications with focal or diffuse perilobular fibrosis — С < 0,200 or intralobular fibrosis — С < 0,265, and presence periductal fibrosis — С = 0,124. Conclusions. The sizes of the pancreas' head in the compared groups directly depend on the sizes intrapancreatic pseudocysts in the pancreas head. The probability of the complications' development after operation is not depended with focal or diffuse perilobular fibrosis or intralobular fibrosis and presence periductal fibrosis.
THE CASE OF RHINOSINUSOGENIC MENINGOENCEPHALITIS IN A CHILD WITH NASAL LIQUORRHEA
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, Radzionava О.I. , Kurbasava D.М. ,   3 Сity children's clinical hospital
Published: September 2021

In modern conditions the number and severity of cranial injuries are increasing, which makes it relevant to study their consequences by specialists of various profiles. One of the most dangerous consequences of open craniocerebral trauma is liquorrhea, both obvious (nasal, ear, orbital, nasopharyngeal) and hidden (in the middle ear cavity, in the paranasal sinuses). According to the time of occurrence after injury, liquorrhea can be immediate or delayed, including after one month more. The frequency of nasal liquorrhea is reaches 30 % in the presence of fractures of the skull base. In the case of the development of liquorrhea, there is a direct communication between subarachnoid space and external environment, which significantly increased the risk of intracranial complications. Therefore, timely diagnosis of this condition is an important task. The article demonstrates clinical case of a developed intracranial complication in a child with liquorrhea in the remote (8 years) period after an open craniocerebral injury. This clinical case demonstrates the need for alertness and awareness of specialists of various profiles about the possible long-term consequences of open craniocerebral trauma.
М.В. KROL: SCIENTIST OF THE NON EMPIRICAL ERA
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, Degtyarev Yu.G.
Published: September 2021

In 2021, BSU celebrates its 100th anniversary, the flagship of the country's higher education, which is the source of medical education in Belarus. One of the founders of the Faculty of Medicine of the Belarusian State University and the Belarusian State Medical Institute was M. B. Krol - Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the BSSR, Corresponding Member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Honored Scientist of the BSSR, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor. In the memory of posterity, he remained not only as a scientist, clinician, but above all as a teacher, an effective manager of medical education. M. B. Krol is a complex and controversial figure in the national healthcare, whose years of vigorous activity coincided with a tragic and turning point in the history of the state. M. B. Krol was educated in the Russian Empire, he knew the organization of the scientific and medical process abroad. It was difficult for the scientist to accept the realities of the transitional revolutionary period, when established social values are changing. M. B. Krol was effectively integrated into the scientific and practical health care system of the USSR and left behind a significant legacy: the Belarusian State Medical Institute, the Department of Nervous Diseases. Scientific data, methods of treatment are undergoing changes and are subject to progress, but as a teacher and organizer of medical education, M. B. Krol looked far ahead and admired the understanding of the problems and the foresight of the situation, identified by M. B. Croll 100 years ago, which are still relevant and have not been fully resolved.
SUPRAPATELLER NAILING IN PROXIMAL TIBIA FRACTURES
Authors: Sitnik A. , Gerasimov A. , Papok S. , Vrubleuski V. , Korzun A. , Volotovsky P. , Gerasimenko M.
Published: September 2021

The treatment of extraarticular proximal tibia fractures is characterized by the difficulties in obtaining the proper reduction and high rate of complications due to the typical soft-tissue injuries. The literature data on the use of suprapatellar approach for intramedullary nailing of exraarticuar fractures of the proximal tibia are analyzed in the article with special attention to the surgical technique of fracture reduction and nail application. Current data shows that the suprapatellar approach is safe when performed properly and has no adverse influence on the knee joint. The reduction of the fracture and intraoperative radiologic control are simplified by this technique, but additional reduction tools shall be available.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA FOR ENDOMETRIAL HYPERPLASTIC PROCESSES
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, Akulich N.S. , Savickaya V.М. ,   Belarusian State Medical University, Dziadzichkina V.V. ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: September 2021

Endometrial hyperplastic processes are currently among the most common gynecological diseases, tend to a long, recurrent course, are characterized by the absence of specific, pathognomonic symptoms and the complexity of differential diagnosis. With a prolonged course without treatment, endometrial cancer develops in 25 % of cases against the background of benign endometrial changes. The diagnostic criteria allowing to refer the patient for separate diagnostic curettage are contradictory and not always reliable. The aim of this work was to study the informativeness of clinical data, indicators of ultrasound examination in the diagnosis of endometrial hyperplastic processes in different age periods, which is very important for identifying the most accurate methods for diagnosing this pathology. The current work analyzes the diagnostic criteria of endometrial hyperplasia and the results of histological examination of the endometrium in women of different age groups. A high percentage of discrepancy between clinical (47.8 % of cases) and ultrasound (60.4 % of cases) data with the results of patho- morphological examination in the perimenopausal period in the diagnosis of endometrial hyperplastic processes was established. The results obtained confirm the need for a differentiated approach to referral of patients, especially of perimenopausal age, to separate diagnostic curettage of the mucous membrane of the uterine cavity and cervical canal in case of suspected endometrial hyperplasia, taking into account complaints, the woman's age and ultrasound data.
HYALURONIC ACID PREPARATIONS IN THE TREATMENT OF EXTENSIVE SKIN DEFECTS IN PATIENTS WITH DESTRUCTIVE FORMS OF ERYSIPELAS OF THE LOWER LIMBS
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, Bezvoditskaya A.A. , Klimuk S.А ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: September 2021

and often requires surgical treatment. Due to the more common development of necrotic forms of erysipelas in patients with dysfunction of local reparative systems, there is a need to stimulate repair to eliminate defects, one of the variants of which may be hyaluronic acid (HA). Hyaluronic acid, which is an acidic mucopolysaccharide by chemical nature, is now widely used in medical practice. This is due to the anti-inflammatory effect, the ability to stimulate the processes of proliferation and epithelialization. We studied the effect of HA in 31 patients with destructive forms of erysipelas in comparison with 32 patients who received standard of care; the results obtained allow us to speak, at least, of numerical trends in favor of HA. Further research is required to evaluate the effect.
CLINICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN GUM DURING THE MODELING OF EXPERIMENTAL GINGIVITIS
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, Krautsova-Kukhmar N.G. , Shakavets N.V. ,   Belarusian State Medical University, Kidyasova Т.V. ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: September 2021

Gingivitis is the most common disease of periodontal tissues in children. An experimental model of gingivitis is necessary to study the pathogenetic processes occurring in this disease, as well as to develop new dosage forms. Drugs based on phospholipase A are used to model gingivitis, its content in viper venom is 32—59.8 %. The aim of the work is to evaluate the clinical and morphological changes in the gum tissues in experimental gingivitis caused by the drug «Vipraxin». 20 animals were selected to simulate experimental gingivitis. They were injected once into the submucosal layer of the gum with the drug «Vipraxin», which is an aqueous solution (0,2 ml) of viper venom. All rats were biopsied for histological examination on the 6th day from the beginning of the experiment. Redness of the gingival margin, puffiness and smoothness of the contour were visually noted in all rats. Also bleeding was determined while probing. The histological preparations revealed disintegration of the cells of the spiny and granular layers of the epithelium, smoothness of the papillae of the connective tissue lamina proper, swelling and loosening of the fibrous structures, and vascular fullness. 3 groups of activity of the inflammatory process depending on the degree of severity of changes in the gum tissues: mild, moderate and severe. All clinical and morphological changes match to the inflammatory process in case of using the drug «Vipraxin». This drug can be used for modeling experimental gingivitis.
EFFICACY OF PERFUSION THERMOCHEMOTHERAPY IN GASTRIC CANCE MANAGEMENT BASED ON RESULTS OF PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED STUDY
Authors:   Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Reiitovich М.Yu.
Published: September 2021

The article analyses the results of a prospective randomized study of a cohort of 154 radically operated patients with stage IIB-IIIC gastric cancer (Borrmann type 111 IV). 76 patients were administered intraoperative perfusion thermochemotherapy (HIPEC). It was noted that enhancing radical surgery procedure by complementing it with HIPEC in managing this prognostically unfavorable group of patients resulted in a decrease in the frequency of progression cases (p = 0.009), metachronous peritoneal dissemination — (p < 0.001), and 5-year cumulative carcinomatosis incidence — 70.7 ± 6.8 % to 23.6 ± 5.2 % (p < 0.001) thereby building a groundwork for improving 5-year adjusted survival rate from 27.0 ± 6.7 % to 45.1 ±6.4 % (p = 0.05), progression-free survival — from 16.3 ± 5.5 % to 42.1 ± 6.3 % (p < 0.001), and dissemination-free survival — from 19.4 ± 5.9 % to 45.2 ± 6.3 % (p = 0.001).
MARKER OF SCLEROMAL PROCESS ACTIVITY
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, Sakovich A.R.
Published: September 2021

Scleroma is a chronic specific infectious disease of the respiratory tract, which has various forms with different activity of the process. In this work, we studied the concentration of fibronectin as a marker of scleroma activity in 39 patients, including 18 patients with an infiltrative form and 21 patients with a cicatricial form. The fibronectin content in the blood serum of patients with the infiltrative form was 708.1 ±29.4 ug ml. In the group of patients with cicatricial scleroma, the fibronectin concentration was 412.5 ± 20.1 ug ml (the differences between the groups are statistically significant, p < 0.001). In none of the groups of patients with scleroma a relationship was found between the level of fibronectin and the duration of the disease, sex and age, and the prevalence of the pathological process in the respiratory tract. The data obtained make it possible to use the study of fibronectin concentration as a marker of the activity of the scleroma process.
CLINICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL FEATURES OF APPLICATION WITH AN OVERVIEW OF THE COUNTRIES ON THE MARKET AN TIT UIS H DRUGS
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, Skepian Е.N.
Published: September 2021

Cough is one of the most common clinical manifestations of acute infectious diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract. Patients complaining of coughing represent one of the most numerous groups in the practice of a doctor. In most cases, an acute cough usually resolves on its own and rarely requires additional medical intervention. Chronic cough can be a manifestation of a variety of pulmonary and extra pulmonary diseases. A long course of chronic cough can lead to both somatic disorders and psychological and social difficulties. Since cough can be caused by many factors, it is often difficult to identify its true cause. Often, in order to establish the true cause of a cough, the doctor has to repeatedly examine the patient and conduct several trial courses of treatment. The article discusses the classification, mechanism, causes, types of cough, the effect of the use of various drugs on the appearance of cough, complications arising from a prolonged, debilitating cough, as well as approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of cough. The classification of antitussive drugs of central, peripheral and mixed action, indications for their use is presented. The clinical and pharmacological features of the use of certain antitussive drugs available on the market are described and recommendations for their use in clinical practice are given. The use of approaches based on in-depth knowledge of the physician about the clinical pharmacology of antitussive drugs can contribute to competent «cough management», increasing the patient's quality of life.
HYGIENIC ANALYSIS OF WORKING CONDITIONS IN THE PRODUCTION OF TABLETS AND CAPSULE
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, Arabei S.V. , Hindziuk А.V. ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: September 2021

In the present research, the working conditions of workers employed in the production of medicines in the form of tablets and capsules of a modern enterprise of the pharmaceutical industry have been studied. Based on the results of attestation of workplaces and data of industrial laboratory control of the factors of the production environment for the period from 2016 to 2019, a complex of harmful production factors at workplaces was determined and a comprehensive hygienic assessment of the working conditions of a general purpose machine operator of chemical and pharmaceutical preparations, packaging machine operator, stacker-packer and processor of technological containers and tares. It has been established that the labor activity of the leading professional groups of workers in production is associated with the influence of a predominantly chemical factor due to the presence of harmful chemicals in the air of the working area. According to the data obtained, the air of the working area at the workplace of the operator of a wide profile of chemical and pharmaceutical preparations of the tableting and filling of capsules section is contaminated with harmful chemicals (doxycycline, nystatin, lincomycin, rifampicin, tetracycline, etc.), the concentrations of which exceed the maximum permissible. A hygienic assessment of the parameters of the microclimate, noise and tension of the labor process at the studied workplaces established that there are no deviations from hygienic standards and the working conditions according to these factors are permissible. Thus, the data obtained allow us to conclude that the working conditions of the operator of a wide profile of chemical and pharmaceutical preparations belong to class 3.3, the stacker-packer — 3.1, and the working conditions of the operator of filling and packaging machines and the processor of technological containers and tares are assessed as acceptable.
Design and characterization of a semi-open dynamic chamber for measuring biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) emissions from plants
Authors: Zeng Jianqiang , Zhang Yanli , Zhang Huina , Song Wei , Wu Zhenfeng , Wang Xinming
Published: September 2021

Abstract. With the accumulation of data about biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) emissions from plants based on branch-scale enclosure measurements worldwide, it is vital to assure that measurements are conducted using well-characterized dynamic chambers with good transfer efficiencies and less disturbance on natural growing microenvironments. In this study, a self-made cylindrical semi-open dynamic chamber with Teflon-coated inner surface was characterized both in the lab with standard BVOC mixtures and in the field with typical broad-leaf and coniferous trees. The lab simulation with a constant flow of standard mixtures and online monitoring of BVOCs by proton transfer-time of flight-mass spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS) revealed that lower real-time mixing ratios and shorter equilibrium times than theoretically predicted due to wall loss in the chamber, and larger flow rates (shorter residence times) can reduce the absorptive loss and improve the transfer efficiencies. However, even flow rates were raised to secure residence times less than 1 min, transfer efficiencies were still below 70 % for heavier BVOCs like α-pinene and β-caryophyllene. Relative humidity (RH) impacted the adsorptive loss of BVOCs less significantly when compared to flow rates, with compound specific patterns related to the influence of RH on their adsorption behavior. When the chamber was applied in the field to a branch of a mangifera indica tree, the enclosure-ambient temperature differences decreased from 4.5 ± 0.3 to 1.0 ± 0.2 °C and the RH differences decreased from 9.8 ± 0.5 % to 1.2 ± 0.1 % as flow rates increased from 3 L min−1 (residence time ~4.5 min) to 15 L min−1 (residence time ~0.9 min). At a medium flow rate of 9 L min−1 (residence time ~1.5 min), field tests with the dynamic chamber for Mangifera indica and Pinus massoniana branches revealed enclosure temperature increase within +2 °C and CO2 depletion within −50 ppm when compared to their ambient counterparts. The results suggested that substantially higher air circulating rates would benefit reducing equilibrium time, adsorptive loss and the ambient-enclosure temperature/RH differences. However, even under higher air circulating rates and with inert Teflon-coated inner surfaces, the transfer efficiencies for monoterpene and sesquiterpene species are not so satisfactory, implying that emission factors for these species might be underestimated if they are obtained by dynamic chambers without certified transfer efficiencies, and that further efforts are needed for field measurements to improve accuracies and narrow the uncertainties of the emission factors.