bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Astronomia no ensino fundamental: um estudo de caso no interior do estado do Pará
Authors: Quaresma Bruno Medeiros , Ribeiro Clenes dos Santos , Araújo Rafael Costa , Novais Andréa de Lima Ferreira , Chagas Maria Liduina , Gomes Luiz Moreira , Ferreira Fernanda Carla Lima
Published: August 2019

As atuais estruturas do ensino fundamental trazem, na disciplina de ciências, conceitos importantes de Astronomia, o que proporciona um trabalho integrado à outras disciplinas, mas desconexo e difuso, como vemos na pesquisa realizada junto ao 6º e 9º ano do fundamental anos finais. Foi realizado uma avaliação dos materiais didáticos disponíveis, bem como da prática docente em sala de aula. Então, buscando encontrar soluções para a compreensão dos conceitos e abordagem da Astronomia, o objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar juntos aos discentes as suas análises e dificuldade quanto a esse conhecimento. A metodologia foi um questionário sobre seus conhecimentos prévios, suas dificuldades e interesses pela Astronomia. Os resultados foram satisfatórios, indicando que há uma necessidade de sincronia e continuidade ao longo das séries para que haja um maior interesse e alicerce dos conteúdos, além de uma metodologia eficiente no ensino, o que carece de materiais e espaços apropriados, assim como formação continuada dos professores e alteração curricular na inserção dos conteúdos de Astronomia no decorrer dos anos do ensino de ciências.
Abordagem lúdica das questões de física: história em quadrinhos sobre cinemática
Authors: Cavalcante Willamy de Oliveira , Novais Andréa de Lima Ferreira , Ferreira Fernanda Carla Lima
Published: August 2019

Considera-se a física tem tudo para ser uma disciplina superinteressante, mas quando se fala em resolver questões, poucas são as metodologias diferenciadas que surgem. O uso de Histórias em Quadrinhos que já vêm divertindo e informando, pode também auxiliar em cálculos, com sua linguagem simples e universal. Constatado esse potencial, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo a utilização das Histórias em Quadrinhos como instrumento de ensino de física, atentando-se para o uso diferenciado nas resoluções de questões de cinemática na sala de aula. Os dados do estudo foram obtidos com alunos do Ensino Médio Semipresencial de educação de Jovens e Adultos. Os resultados de sua implementação das Histórias em Quadrinhos para o ensino de Cinemática foram satisfatórios quanto à apropriação da proposta para o interação e a aprendizagem dos alunos.
Bibliotheksstärkungsgesetz: Schwache Stärke - starke Schwäche!
Authors: Meyeringh Uwe
Published: August 2019

Wer ein Haus baut, fängt mit dem Keller an. Das Bibliotheksstärkungsgesetz schraubt am Dach, dabei werden entscheidende Probleme der Statik ausgeblendet. Dennoch hat es eine Stärke: Es erfasst das sich stetig verbreiternde Spektrum der bibliothekarischen Tätigkeiten und stellt Landesmittel hierfür in Aussicht. Die wesentliche Schwäche des Bibliotheksstärkungsgesetzes besteht darin, die Sonntagsruhe der Beschäftigten zur Disposition zu stellen.
Kein Sonntag ohne Stadtbibliothek!
Authors: Lison Barbara
Published: August 2019

Die Öffentlichen Bibliotheken unseres Landes gehören zu den am meisten genutzten kommunalen Kultureinrichtungen. Dabei umfassen die Dienstleistungen der Stadtbibliotheken längst mehr als die Ausleihe von Büchern. Zunehmend fungieren Bibliotheken als sogenannte „Dritte Orte“, also offene und freundliche Orte für die Lebensgestaltung außerhalb des Wohn- und Arbeitsumfeldes. Dieses breite Aufgabenspektrum erfordert natürlich, dass die Öffnungszeiten der Bibliotheken den Bedarfen und Lebensumständen der Bevölkerung angepasst sein müssen. Zahlreiche Projekte und Initiativen zur Öffnung Öffentlicher Bibliotheken an Sonntagen sprechen für sich und belegen die Notwendigkeit von Anpassungen.
Warum das „Wohnzimmer der Stadt“ gerade sonntags geöffnet sein sollte. Ein Standpunkt zur Sonntagsöffnung der öffentlichen Bibliotheken
Authors: Borbach-Jaene Johannes
Published: August 2019

Aufgrund der derzeitigen Gesetzeslage dürfen öffentliche Bibliotheken an Sonntagen nicht öffnen. Ein Gesetzesentwurf der nordrhein-westfälischen Landesregierung, der die Sonntagsöffnung ermöglichen soll, hat das Thema nun erneut auf die Agenda gebracht. Der Aufsatz beschäftigt sich mit den Veränderungen in der Nutzung der öffentlichen Bibliotheken und was diese mit der Sonntagsöffnung zu tun haben. Daraus folgt, dass die Sonntagsöffnung einer der nächsten logischen Schritte bei der Weiterentwicklung der öffentlichen Bibliotheken in der digitalen Gesellschaft sein wird.
A study on discrete and discrete fractional pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics models for tumor growth and anti-cancer effects
Authors: Atıcı Ferhan M. , Atıcı Mustafa , Nguyen Ngoc , Zhoroev Tilekbek , Koch Gilbert
Published: August 2019

We study the discrete and discrete fractional representation of a pharmacokinetics - pharmacodynamics (PK-PD) model describing tumor growth and anti-cancer effects in continuous time considering a time scale

h

ℕ

0
h

$h\mathbb{N}_0^h$

, where h > 0. Since the measurements of the tumor volume in mice were taken daily, we consider h = 1 and obtain the model in discrete time (i.e. daily). We then continue with fractionalizing the discrete nabla operator to obtain the model as a system of nabla fractional difference equations. The nabla fractional difference operator is considered in the sense of Riemann-Liouville definition of the fractional derivative. In order to solve the fractional discrete system analytically we state and prove some theorems in the theory of discrete fractional calculus. For the data fitting purpose, we use a new developed method which is known as an improved version of the partial sum method to estimate the parameters for discrete and discrete fractional models. Sensitivity analysis is conducted to incorporate uncertainty/noise into the model. We employ both frequentist approach and Bayesian method to construct 90 percent confidence intervals for the parameters. Lastly, for the purpose of practicality, we test the discrete models for their efficiency and illustrate their current limitations for application.
Conceptualisation of Lewis structures by chemistry majors
Authors: Sandi-Urena Santiago , Loría Cambronero Giovanni , Jinesta Chaves Dayanna
Published: August 2019

Lewis structures are the simplest model for students to communicate chemical information using chemical symbolic language. Thus, competence in Lewis structures is essential to progress in the study of chemistry. Proposals on how to teach/learn Lewis structures with inert rules abound, nonetheless, scant related educational research has been conducted. The present study is part of a larger investigation into the conceptualisation and use of Lewis structures by novices and experts. This study analysed data from a cross-sectional, 122-participant sample of chemistry majors at a large university in Costa Rica. Participants were prompted to draw Lewis structures, which rendered information on their representational competence. Analysis of mistakes in their representations shed light on participants’ conceptualisation of Lewis structures. Responses to open-ended items further contributed in elucidating their conceptualisation. Findings suggest: (a) participants’ competence to draw Lewis structures is deficient throughout the major; (b) participants relied significantly on memory and familiarity and not on understanding to draw Lewis structures; (c) most participants’ limited understanding of Lewis structures stems from their using mental images and propositional representations for Lewis structures instead of mental models. Use of appropriate mental models could enable individuals to explain and predict chemical behaviour based on Lewis structures.
The Entrepreneurial Ecosystem: Actors and Performance in Different Stages of Evolution of Academic Spinoffs
Authors: Franco-Leal Noelia , Camelo-Ordaz Carmen , Fernandez-Alles Mariluz , Sousa-Ginel Elena
Published: August 2019

The importance of entrepreneurial ecosystems is accentuated in the academic entrepreneurship context since academic spinoffs (ASOs) must rely on actors from the ecosystem to access resources they lack in order to improve their performance. This study analyzes the impact that actors from social and institutional (university and nonuniversity) contexts in the entrepreneurial ecosystem have on ASO performance in the stage of creation and initial development and in the stage of consolidation. From a sample of 118 ASOs in the initial stage and 47 ASOs in the consolidation stage, the results indicate that social and institutional contexts improve the performance of ASOs in both phases of development, although the relevance of each context varies with the stage. In the creation and initial development stage, the institutional context affects the ASOs’ performance to a greater extent, while the influence of the social context is less strong. Science parks from the institutional context are the most relevant actors in this phase. In the consolidation phase, social context is the most relevant for improving the performance of ASOs, with the venture capitalist being the actor that exerts more influence. With respect to the institutional context, performance is only affected by the nonuniversity context in this stage.
Real and Financial Cycles in Euro Area Economies: Results from Wavelet Analysis
Authors: Scharnagl Michael , Mandler Martin
Published: August 2019

We study the within-country dimension of financial cycles in the four largest euro area economies using tools from wavelet analysis. We focus on credit and house price cycles which are most commonly used to represent the financial cycle. With the exception of Germany, the variables contain important common cycles within each country close to the upper bound of business cycle length and beyond which can be interpreted as financial cycles. These cycles are closely linked to domestic cycles in real activity showing financial and real economic cycles as interconnected phenomena. For these common cycles, credit and house prices lag real GDP.
Überlegungen zur digitalen Edition mystischer Mosaiktraktate des Spätmittelalters
Authors: Arndt Nadine , Wegener Lydia
Published: August 2019

The article presents the concept of a digital edition of late-medieval mystical mosaic treatises. These widespread publication, which are usually labelled as ‘pseudo-Eckhart’, are characterised by an almost unfathomable fluctuation between the manuscripts. Until today, this variance has prevented the publication of any traditional book editions and complicated any critical evaluation. The intended edition focusses on Pfeiffer’s treatise XI/2 (‘Von der übervart der gotheit 2’) as a test case. It will provide access to divergent versions of this treatise and enable modern readers to compare them on different textual levels.
Grundlagen der Mediävistik digital vermitteln: ‚Ad fontes‘, aber wie?
Authors: Hodel Tobias , Nadig Michael
Published: August 2019

The digital teaching of medieval, and especially auxiliary, scientific skills has been going on for more than a decade. Nevertheless, the breadth and depth of the auxiliary sciences is making them difficult to present in their entirety. With ‘Ad fontes’, basic knowledge of skills needed to study the Middle Ages is imparted through interactive exercises. The e-learning platform was completely revised in 2018, allowing new technical possibilities to be realised while maintaining the strengths of its intuitive exercises. Additionally, crowdsourcing enterprises prove extremely valuable in the application of knowledge. After all, it is only possible to bring together knowledge of a particular field if collaborations are established across individual institutions and researchers.
The Curious Case of Connectionism
Authors: Berkeley Istvan S. N.
Published: August 2019

Connectionist research first emerged in the 1940s. The first phase of connectionism attracted a certain amount of media attention, but scant philosophical interest. The phase came to an abrupt halt, due to the efforts of Minsky and Papert (1969), when they argued for the intrinsic limitations of the approach. In the mid-1980s connectionism saw a resurgence. This marked the beginning of the second phase of connectionist research. This phase did attract considerable philosophical attention. It was of philosophical interest, as it offered a way of counteracting the conceptual ties to the philosophical traditions of atomism, rationalism, logic, nativism, rule realism and a concern with the role symbols play in human cognitive functioning, which was prevalent as a consequence of artificial intelligence research. The surge in philosophical interest waned, possibly in part due to the efforts of some traditionalists and the so-called black box problem. Most recently, what may be thought of as a third phase of connectionist research, based on so-called deep learning methods, is beginning to show some signs of again exciting philosophical interest.
Funktionsorientierte Qualitätssicherung von Mikrozahnrädern hinsichtlich des Geräuschverhaltens
Authors: Gauder Daniel , Wagner Raphael , Gölz Johannes , Häfner Benjamin , Lanza Gisela
Published: August 2019

Das Abwälzverhalten von Mikroverzahnungen erzeugt akustische Emissionen, welche im Rahmen von zunehmenden Qualitätsanforderungen zu minimieren sind. Auf Basis von In-Line-Topographiemessungen mittels Fokusvariation wird in diesem Artikel ein Ansatz geschildert, welcher auf die Prognose und Optimierung des Geräuschverhaltens der Verzahnungen abzielt. Durch bestehende Ansätze der flächigen Zahncharakterisierung lassen sich die optisch aufgenommen Messdatensätze flächig auswerten. Um eine valide Aussage über die Messergebnisse geben zu können, werden erste Ergebnisse einer experimentellen Messunsicherheitsermittlung der Fokusvariation präsentiert.
RkRk material measure
Authors: Seewig Jörg , Eifler Matthias , Hüser Dorothee , Meeß Rudolf
Published: August 2019

The standard ISO 13565-2 defines the

R
k

Rk

parameters for the functional characterisation of technical surfaces. So far, no particular material measures for the calibration of these parameters have been defined in the international standardization. For the application and the functional behaviour of technical surfaces the

R
k

Rk

parameters however have a critical significance, so there is a demand by the industry to calibrate these parameters as they are increasingly applied for the quality assessment of workpieces. In the present paper, a proposal for suitable material measures is presented. An algorithm is described, which transforms the data of a real measured profile in a way that the exact defined parameters of

R
k

Rk

,

R
p
k

Rpk

and

R
v
k

Rvk

are equated. The material measures geometry corresponds to its later application and the target parameters are almost freely selectable. The approach for transforming surface profile data with the aid of the Abbott curve is introduced generically, solves an inverse problem and considers the influences from the manufacturing and measuring process. The designed material measure is manufactured with the aid of ultra-precision turning. In matters of the aspired industrial application, comparison measurements are carried out in order to examine the practical abilities of the material measure and the repeatability of the approach is proven.
Precise Energies of K-Röntgen-Lines of Tm, Th, U and Pu
Authors: Borchert G. L.
Published: August 2019

The energies of the Kα1 - and Kα2-Röntgen lines of Tm, Th, U and Pu have been measured with high accuracy relative to the 411.794 keV 𝛾-line from a gold source. In addition,
the energies of a few Kß lines have been determined.
Finding Solvent for Polyamide 11 Using a Computer Software
Authors: Jabbari Mostafa , Lundin Magnus , Bahadorikhalili Saeed , Skrifvars Mikael , Taherzadeh Mohammad J.
Published: August 2019

The solvent finding step has always been a time-consuming job in chemical-involved processes. The source of difficulty mainly comes from the trial-and-errors, as a repetitive process of chosing solvents and mixing them in different proportions. Computers are good at doing repetitive processes; however, they can only deal with numerical values, rather than qulitative scales. Numerification of qualitative parameters (like solubility) has already been introduced. The most recent one is the Hansen solubility parameters (HSPs). Using the HSPs could provide a solvent or solvent-mixture. In our previous study, we introduced a computer-aided model and a software to find a solvent mixture. In this study, we have used the computer-aided solvent selection model to find some solvent mixtures for polyamide 11, a biobased polymer which has attracted enormous attention recently. Using this numerical model significantly diminished the time of solvent development experimentation by decreasing the possible/necessary trials.
Occupied Philadelphia
Authors: Putman Tyler Rudd
Published: August 2019

This article explores the aims and delivery of a living history event conducted in a contemporary urban environment. It reports on a pilot program, “Occupied Philadelphia,” delivered in October 2017 by the Museum of the American Revolution in downtown Philadelphia. This program re-created events and incidents from the fall of 1777 and included a walking tour with three main stops highlighting the lives of everyday Philadelphians and British soldiers. Occupied Philadelphia provided a framework for volunteer interpreters to engage in a form of “guerilla interpretation,” taking public history into unexpected places as a means of inspiring historical empathy and encouraging the public to make connections between the past and present.
Monumental Mines
Authors: Whitson Joseph
Published: August 2019

Through an analysis of three interpreted mines in northeastern Minnesota, this article illuminates how the region’s public history is complicit in the ongoing process of settler colonialism. Largely controlled by iron mining interests, the region’s public history and tourism industry is deeply invested in the future of mineral extraction, representing mining and white-ethnic mining culture as natural and indigenous to the landscape. This narrative erases Ojibwe presence in the region, ignoring both the role mining played in past environmental injustices as well as how it continues to threaten Ojibwe political and resource sovereignty.
Oral History as Institutional Biography
Authors: Clark Alfred P.
Published: August 2019

Traditional histories of higher education institutions tend to be academic histories or photo essays. This article describes another approach, “institutional biography” narrated with extensive oral history interviews of faculty, staff, trustees, alumni, and emeriti. Using University of La Verne’s institutional biography as illustration, the article suggests not only that a richer institutional history will result, but that significant but often overlooked trends will emerge, such as the daily lives of students. YouTube examples are provided to demonstrate that institutional biography is public history in significant ways. Finally, the article shows how institutional biography may uncover comparative information useful for studying the general history of higher education.
Goodwin’s Ghosts
Authors: Pirok Alena
Published: August 2019

Recent news about Colonial Williamsburg outsourcing the management of its for-profit business entities has inspired questions about the museum’s original intent and how it should shape the institution’s future. This article offers a fresh look at the institution’s founding, and argues that the original idea for the museum was far spookier than researchers have acknowledged. In fact, elements of the uncanny, from ghost stories to talk of spirits and time travel, have been present in nearly all of the foundation’s innovative historical interpretation since the 1930s.
Neuordnung der Finanzmarktregulierung in der Schweiz
Authors: Fahrländer Lukas
Published: August 2019

Der Beitrag vermittelt einen Überblick über die Neuordnung der Finanzmarktregulierung in der Schweiz, welche im Nachgang zur Finanzmarktkrise eine fundamentale Umgestaltung erfahren hat. Voraussichtlich am 1. 1. 2020 werden das Finanzinstitutsgesetz (FINIG) und das Finanzdienstleistungsgesetz (FIDLEG) in Kraft treten. Sie bilden zusammen mit dem Finanzmarktinfrastrukturgesetz (FinfraG) und dem bereits vor der Finanzkrise beschlossenen Finanzmarktaufsichtsgesetz (FINMAG) die Grundpfeiler einer neu sektorübergreifenden Regelung des Schweizer Finanzmarktrechts. Der Beitrag soll dabei auch die Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede des schweizerischen Rechts zum europäischen und deutschen Recht aufzeigen.
Bericht aus Brüssel: Übersicht über den Verfahrens- und Sachstand der in der vergangenen Legislaturperiode gemachten Gesetzgebungsvorschläge im Bankrecht/Kapitalmarktrecht auf EU-Ebene
Authors: Wojcik Karl-Philipp
Published: August 2019

Dieser Beitrag will im Anschluss an den Bericht aus Brüssel aus dem vergangenen Jahr eine Übersicht über den Verfahrens- und Sachstand der in der vergangenen Legislaturperiode gemachten Gesetzgebungsvorschläge im Bankrecht/Kapitalmarktrecht auf EU-Ebene geben und versuchen, einen ersten Ausblick auf die Aktivitäten der neuen Kommission auf diesem Feld zu wagen.
The Determinant of Regional Unemployment in Indonesia: The Spatial Durbin Models
Authors: Oktafianto Eka Khaerandy , Achsani Noer Azam , Irawan Tony
Published: August 2019

Unemployment is a problem that occurs in many countries and often gets special attention both from policymakers and academics. This fact is because if not addressed, it will cause socio-economic problems in the country. Therefore it is necessary to formulate the causes of unemployment by involving spatial aspects to avoid biased and inefficient estimates. This study aims to find the determinants of unemployment rates in Indonesia, including calculating the direct and indirect effect of using the spatial Durbin models (SDM) in the period 2000-2017. The results of this study indicate that the overall independent variables used significantly influence the unemployment rate in Indonesia. Besides, it turns out that the higher education variable completed by the population of a region has the most significant impact both in decreasing unemployment in a region and neighboring regions. Therefore, the policy taken should pay attention to this.
Islamic Bank Financing and Its Effects on Economic Growth: A Cross Province Analysis
Authors: Afandi Muhammad Anif , Amin Muhammad
Published: August 2019

Islamic banking industry shows a reasonably good development, one of which is marked by an increase in service coverage in almost all provinces in Indonesia. However, the question is how far Islamic banking capable of contributing to the improvement of Indonesia's economic growth? The purpose of this research is to examine the role of Islamic banking in promoting inclusive economic growth with a sample of 33 provinces in Indonesia. The method used in this research is panel data regression using the fixed effects model. The results show that Islamic bank financing does not have an impact on Indonesia's economic growth. In other words, the results of the research provide information that the existence of Islamic banking in Indonesia has not yet give a significant impact on the welfare of Indonesian society
Political Dynasties and the Moderating Role of Good Public Governance
Authors: Setyaningrum Dyah , Saragih Hidayah Asfaro
Published: August 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate the phenomena of political dynasties in Indonesia and its effect on local government performance. Moreover, this study also examines the moderating role of good public governance on the relationship between political dynasties and local government performance. Political dynasties define as the condition where local government head/vice head has a family connection with the head/vice head from the previous period or in other local government or with the legislative member. We use paired matched sample from local government in Indonesia during 2010-2015. The result shows that political dynasties negatively affect local government performance. Good public governance is proven to weaken the negative effect of political dynasties on the local government performance. Indonesia's central government need to regulate the practice of political dynasty as it is proved to decrease local government performance and encourage implementation of good public governance to reduce the adverse effects of political dynasties.
Agglomeration and Urban Manufacture Labor Productivity in Indonesia
Authors: Wibowo Yohanes Nurcahyo Agung , Kudo Toshihiro
Published: August 2019

Agglomeration, the spatial concentration of industries in a specific location, has been argued to improve productivity since it could provide positive externalities such as knowledge spillover, input sharing, and labor pooling. This paper examines the effect of large and medium manufacturing industry (LMI) agglomeration on labor productivity. Measuring the output and labor density as agglomeration effect by using 2009-2014 panel data from 44 cities and regions across the metropolitan areas of Indonesia, this study shows that in terms of output share, agglomeration positively contributes to labor productivity. On the other hand, in terms of labor density, agglomeration results in a negative impact on productivity. These findings suggest the government should expand industrial clusters in less densely populated areas, especially outside the island of Java, by providing necessary infrastructures such as electricity, ports, and roads, so that this development creates favorable economic conditions for investment and industrial development in such areas.
The homology groups of the space $\Omega_n(m)$
Authors: Pasko A.M.
Published: August 2019

The spaces $\Omega_n(m)$ that generalize the spaces $\Omega_n$ are introduced. In order to investigate the homotopy invariants of the space $\Omega_n(m)$ the CW-structure of the space $\Omega_n(m)$ is built. Using exact homology sequence the homology groups of the space $\Omega_n(m)$ are calculated.
On interpolation of operator, which is the sum of weighted Hardy-Littlewood and Cesaro mean operators
Authors: Peleshenko B.I.
Published: August 2019

It is proved that operators, which are the sum of weighted Hardy-Littlewood $\int\limits_0^1 f(xt) \psi(t) dt$ and Cesaro $\int\limits_0^1 f(\frac{x}{t}) t^{-n} \psi(t) dt$ mean operators, are limited on Lorentz spaces $\Lambda_{\varphi, a} (\mathbb{R})$, if the functions $f(x) \in \Lambda_{\varphi, a}(\mathbb{R})$ satisfy the condition $|f(-x)| = |f(x)|$, $x > 0$, for such non-increasing semi-multiplicative functions $\psi$, for which the next conditions are satisfied: $\frac{M_1}{\psi(t)} \leqslant \psi(\frac{1}{t}) \leqslant \frac{M_2}{\psi(t)}$, for all $0 < t \leqslant 1$; at some $0 < \varepsilon < \frac{1}{2}$, $0 < \delta < \frac{1}{2}$ functions $\psi(t) t^{1-\varepsilon}$, $\psi(\frac{1}{t}) t^{-\delta}$ do not decrease monotonically and functions $\psi(t) t$, $\psi (\frac{1}{t})$ are absolutely continuous. Also, there are proved sufficient conditions that the operators, which are the sum of weighted Hardy-Littlewood and Cesaro mean operators, when $\psi(t) = t^{-\alpha}$, where $\alpha \in (0, \frac{1}{2})$, on Lorentz spaces $\Lambda_{\varphi, a}(\mathbb{R})$, if the functions $f(x) \in \Lambda_{\varphi, a}(\mathbb{R})$ satisfy the condition $|f(-x)| = |f(x)|$, $x > 0$.
The Concept of State and Government in Ibn Khaldun’s Thought
Authors: Sulastri Neneng
Published: August 2019

As a pioneer of the science of Sociology, in addition to reviewing the civilization of humanity from time to time, Ibn Khaldun often discussed the state and leadership. By laying down the principles of procedures for maintaining the existence of the state, he stressed that the dynamics and ups and downs of the state is a necessity. He then formulated this theory as Cycle Theory; that is a situation where a country experiences rapid progress at one time and will experience a setback and even collapse at another time. Departing from this, Ibn Khaldun often explained the importance of supporting elements of government. One of the most important elements in the state order according to Ibn Khaldun in his Muqaddimah is the figure of a leader. The ruler has an important role in maintaining the stability and sustainability of the country. One of the interesting things from other elements of forming a country is the concept of Asabiya. This concept plays an important role in determining the position of a ruler, determining state policy, even recruiting and eliminating elements whose benefits can be considered in the continuity of the state.
Islamic Philosophy and the Development of Islamic Thought
Authors: Anam Fahrul
Published: August 2019

Islamic philosophy is the result of Islamic thought. This Islamic thought is the fruit of the encouragement of the teachings of the Qur'an and Hadith. Islamic thinking is a unique thought, different from the others. Because Islamic thought originates from revelation or relies on the explanation of revelation, while other thoughts that develop among humans, both in the form of non-celestial religions, political and economic ideologies, and social theories simply emerge from the genius of thinking human who gave birth to it. This article tries to discuss it.
When you're in with the in-crowd
Authors: Fitzgerald Saira
Published: August 2019

This paper examines the discursive construction of the International Baccalaureate (IB) in a 1.5 million word corpus of Canadian newspapers. Combining corpus analysis with the Discourse Historical branch of Critical Discourse Analysis, the study aims to identify discursive strategies employed in the construction of an IB in-group and a non-IB out-group, and suggests they are similar to those evident in discourses of discrimination that marginalise or exclude the outgroup (Baker, Gabrielatos and McEnery 2013a; KhosraviNik 2010; Reisigl and Wodak 2001). While discourses of discrimination tend to be directed at minority groups, in this case, the minority group is the in-group, exhibiting uniformly positive qualities. As a result, a ‘dichotomous world of insiders and outsiders’ (Reisigl and Wodak 2001:105) is created, privileging one and disadvantaging the other. This paper seeks to problematise the seemingly uncritical acceptance and adoption of IB programs in Canada's publicly funded education system.
Editorial
Authors: van der Bom Isabelle , Mills Sara , Paterson Laura L.
Published: August 2019

We are pleased to present you with this very first issue of the new Journal of Language and Discrimination. The topic of discrimination is important across a large number of diverse but related fields, and much research concerning discrimination involves language as a core component. This multidisciplinary journal has been established to encourage researchers from different backgrounds to consider the range of work being undertaken within and outside their specialisms. It has a wide scope and we encourage submissions from scholars at all levels whose work focuses in some way on the relationship between language and discrimination
Disability, the ‘good family’ and discrimination in the dismissal of a Presbyterian seminary professor
Authors: Hobbs Valerie
Published: August 2019

Religious institutions in the USA, under the First Amendment, exhibit great strength in employment termination, given freedom by the Supreme Court to conduct their labour and employment practices with limited scrutiny. This article examines ways in which a Presbyterian seminary board report, justifying its decision not to renew a professor's contract, demonstrates discrimination in its use of the ‘good family’ ideal prominent within conservative Christianity. Focusing on intertextuality and representation of the professor's wife, a disabled woman, analysis presents evidence of an overall strategy of exclusion. The report consistently demonstrates support for negative witness statements about the professor and his wife while undermining the professor's accounts. The report's characterization of the professor's wife subsumes her identity under her husband's and assumes moral reasons for her disability and chronic illness, consistent with a nouthetic counselling ethos. Findings support the discriminatory potential of the ‘good family’ ideal, underscoring employees’ unique vulnerability within religious higher education institutions.
Editorial
Authors: Paterson Laura L. , van der Bom Isabelle
Published: August 2019

Welcome to the new issue of the Journal of Language and Discrimination. We are pleased to present this new issue and first of all wish to thank outgoing editor, Sara Mills, for her huge contributions to the journal so far and for being instrumental in getting the journal up and running.
Je n'ai plus osé ouvrir la bouche … Témoignages de glottophobie vécue et moyens de se defendre [I did not dare to open my mouth any more … Testimonies of experiences of glottophobia and means to defend oneself], by P. Blanchet and S. Clerc Conan
Authors: Weirich Anna-Christine
Published: August 2019

Je n'ai plus osé ouvrir la bouche … Témoignages de glottophobie vécue et moyens de se defendre [I did not dare to open my mouth any more … Testimonies of experiences of glottophobia and means to defend oneself]

Byy P. Blanchet and S. Clerc Conan (2018)

Limoges: Lambert-Lucas, 128pp.
Autonomous Target Search with Multiple Coordinated UAVs
Authors: Piacentini Chiara , Bernardini Sara , Beck J. Christopher
Published: August 2019

Search and tracking is the problem of locating a moving target and following it to its destination. In this work, we consider a scenario in which the target moves across a large geographical area by following a road network and the search is performed by a team of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). We formulate search and tracking as a combinatorial optimization problem and prove that the objective function is submodular. We exploit this property to devise a greedy algorithm. Although this algorithm does not offer strong theoretical guarantees because of the presence of temporal constraints that limit the feasibility of the solutions, it presents remarkably good performance, especially when several UAVs are available for the mission. As the greedy algorithm suffers when resources are scarce, we investigate two alternative optimization techniques: Constraint Programming (CP) and AI planning. Both approaches struggle to cope with large problems, and so we strengthen them by leveraging the greedy algorithm. We use the greedy solution to warm start the CP model and to devise a domain-dependent heuristic for planning. Our extensive experimental evaluation studies the scalability of the different techniques and identifies the conditions under which one approach becomes preferable to the others.
O LUGAR DA CRIANÇA NA PESQUISA SOBRE A INFÂNCIA: ALGUNS POSICIONAMENTOS NA PERSPECTIVA DA TEORIA HISTÓRICO-CULTURAL
Authors: De Mello Suely Amaral
Published: August 2019

Ao defender a necessidade da voz das crianças nas pesquisas sobre a infância, busco, neste artigo, um argumento essencial da abordagem histórico-cultural do desenvolvimento humano: a compreensão de que ao se relacionar com a cultura, a criança atribui um sentido pessoal ao que conhece. Esse sentido conforma a concepção com a qual a criança, a partir daí, se dirige à cultura para novas apropriações e aprendizados que são promotores do desenvolvimento de sua consciência em processo de formação. Em outras palavras, esse sentido produzido pela criança condiciona seus processos de aprendizagem. Desse ponto de vista, parece fundamental que a pesquisa sobre a criança pequena contemple sua participação também como informante e não apenas como objeto desse processo.

Palavras-chave: Abordagem histórico-cultural; concepção de criança; pesquisa com criança pequena.
CAMINHOS DE INVESTIGAÇÃO COM CRIANÇAS PEQUENAS: ROMPENDO FRONTEIRAS
Authors: De Paula Elaine
Published: August 2019

O texto que segue tem como origem uma investigação de mestrado, em que a motivação central foi procurar compreender as práticas educativas desenvolvidas em uma instituição de educação infantil pública do município de Florianópolis. Foram sujeitos da pesquisa um grupo de20 crianças com idade entre 3 a 4 anos. A análise recorta dessas práticas as relações estabelecidas entre adultos e crianças no interior da instituição, especialmente aquelas situações consideradas pelos adultos como de “transgressão” por parte das crianças. Destaco aqui o percurso metodológico do trabalho com o objetivo de registrar as possibilidades de pesquisa com as crianças ressaltando sua condição de sujeitos sociais plenos e, portanto, interlocutores capazes para dizerem de si mesmas. .As relações entre pares revelaram um certo grau de cumplicidade da formulação de estratégias pelas quais “burlavam” algumas das regras impostas pelos adultos. Tais observações constituem um alerta e uma orientação para aqueles que pretendem construir uma pedagogia que transite da regulação para a emancipação dos sujeitos.

Palavras-chave: Educação Infantil; Metodologias de Pesquisa; Transgressão
COMO UMA EMPIRISTA CEGA: PESQUISA-EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Fernandes Susana Beatriz
Published: August 2019

Este artigo analisa e problematiza o processo de produção de uma pesquisa realizada com um grupo de crianças escolarizadas a partir da ideia de experiência proposta por Michel Foucault. Aponta as possiblidades e as dificuldades encontradas neste processo contrapondo a perspectiva de uma pesquisa-experiência com a de uma pesquisa-verdade. Discorre sobre os caminhos investigativos percorridos, suas contingências e singularidades, dando ênfase ao processo de produção do corpus de pesquisa e às análises.

Palavras-chave: experiência, pesquisa-experiência, pesquisa com crianças, Foucault.
Emoción y motivación en TEA y atención temprana
Authors: García Pascual Rocío , Rebaque Gómez Alfredo , García Mata Mª Ángeles , Blanco Fernández Jana , De Caso Fuertes Ana María
Published: August 2019

La motivación y la emoción son elementos fundamentales para el aprendizaje. Cuando hablamos de desarrollo temprano y TEA, estas dos dimensiones adquieren un mayor peso debido a los déficits socioemocionales, los intereses restringidos y las conductas estereotipadas que hacen que no se vinculen de igual forma a adultos y a iguales. Existe amplia evidencia de los beneficios de iniciar una intervención especializada en TEA, aun cuando sólo hay signos de alerta que pueda repercutir en la mejora de los síntomas del trastorno (Dawson, 2008). El presente documento muestra la puesta en marcha de un programa de intervención con evidencia científica en estado de implementación: PACT. Habiéndose avanzado en dos de las fases con 3 niños ya se encuentran evidencias de su beneficio, así como el uso de las estrategias de seguimiento de la motivación del niño, el control del estado emocional, vincularles a estados emocionales de juego y el poner palabras mejoran la atención compartida de los pequeños, su comunicación e intención comunicativa, la aparición de mayor lenguaje, una mayor motivación social y una mayor expresión de afecto.
Sistemas de evaluación y metodologías docentes y su incidencia en las competencias genéricas (EMICOG – PROFESORES)
Authors: García-Martín Judit , García Jesús N. , Inciarte Alicia J. , Marín Freddy V. , Sánchez Edgardo R. , Conde Marcial E.
Published: August 2019

La proliferación de las herramientas y aplicaciones web sincrónicas, los sistemas de gestión de contenido, los cursos de enseñanza masivos y abiertos y los cambios constantes propios de la denominada sociedad de la información (SI), han conllevado que el principal reto del personal docente universitario sea su capacidad de adaptación e innovación. En este sentido, en la presente comunicación se describe el diseño de un instrumento ad hoc online, EMICOG – versión docente, diseñado a través de la herramienta SurveyMonkey. Con él, se pretenden estudiar las metodologías docentes aplicadas en las diversas asignaturas que imparte el profesorado de la Universidad de la Costa (Colombia), las formas de valoración o evaluación de las actividades transversales efectuadas así como sus prácticas docentes a través del análisis de seis secciones: i) datos de carácter general, ii) técnicas y estrategias instruccionales, iii) recursos utilizados en la evaluación y enseñanza de la asignatura, iv) variables psicoeducativas, v) necesidades formativas, y vi) procesos de enseñanza. Ha sido aplicado a 182 profesores universitarios, con el propósito de estudiar en qué medida estas actuaciones docentes pueden incidir en mejores resultados de competencias genéricas en las pruebas nacionales Saber Pro y en las variables psicoeducativas de los discentes, convirtiéndose  pues en un instrumento de potenciación y mejora de la calidad docente y por consiguiente de los resultados académicos, mediante el esclarecimiento y la delimitación de las necesidades formativas, que serán la base de futuros programas/cursos instruccionales de estrategias eficientes para la mejora de la enseñanza y que repercutirán en la obtención de mayores logros académicos. Se trata de un Proyecto de Investigación Competitivo CONV-ÍNDEX Núm. 13-2018, Código Proyecto INV. 150-01-007-13 Universidad de la Costa (Colombia) – Universidad de León (España). Evaluado por la ACAC (MEN Colombia).
Sistemas de evaluación y metodologías docentes y su incidencia en las competencias genéricas (EMICOG ESTUDIANTES)
Authors: García-Martín Judit , García Jesús N. , Inciarte Alicia J. , Marín Freddy V. , Sánchez Edgardo R. , Conde Marcial E.
Published: August 2019

Las distintas reformas estructurales, organizativas y metodológicas que ha sufrido el Espacio de Educación Superior, han provocado cambios sustanciales en el modelo educativo imperante en el ámbito universitario y por consiguiente, en los planes de estudios. Bajo este prisma, en la presente comunicación se describe el diseño de un cuestionario ad hoc online, EMICOG – versión estudiantes, mediante la herramienta web, SurveyMonkey. Con él, se pretenden determinar y analizar las percepciones y creencias de utilidad futura que los alumnos tienen acerca de distintas metodologías docentes aplicadas en diversas asignaturas de grados y másteres impartidos en la Universidad de la Costa (Colombia). Al mismo tiempo que se examinan las formas de valoración o evaluación de las actividades transversales efectuadas, prestando especial atención a las competencias genéricas tales como la lectura crítica y la construcción textual. En este sentido, el EMICOG - versión estudiantes cuenta con ocho categorías claramente diferenciadas: i) datos de carácter general, ii) técnicas y estrategias instruccionales, iii) recursos utilizados en la evaluación y enseñanza de la asignatura,iv) variables psicoeducativas, v) necesidades formativas, vi) procesos de estudio y de aprendizaje, vii) actitudes hacia el aprendizaje y la evaluación y, viii) ansiedad hacia el aprendizaje y la evaluación, que son examinadas mediante escalas tipo Likert de 5 o 7 puntos. Por ello, la aplicación del mismo a 2275 estudiantes de pregrado de la Universidad de la Costa permitirá extraer perfiles diferenciales y diseñar estrategias de actuación instruccional exitosa para la mejora de los resultados académicos en las pruebas nacionales de Saber Pro, a las que se presentarán los discentes colombianos al finalizar sus estudios universitarios. Se trata de un Proyecto de Investigación Competitivo CONV-ÍNDEX Núm. 13-2018, Código Proyecto INV. 150-01-007-13 Universidad de la Costa (Colombia) – Universidad de León (España). Evaluado por la ACAC (MEN Colombia).
Effects of nitrogen loading from domestic wastewater on groundwater quality
Authors: Mester Tamás , Balla Dániel , Karancsi Gergő , Bessenyei Éva , Szabó György
Published: August 2019

In this study the effects of nitrogen effluent from a permeable constructed sewage tank on groundwater quality were investigated. Sampling took place before and 1.5 years after the closure. Using a 3D hydrogeological model, the spatial distribution of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), comprising the species NH4+, NO2- and NO3-, was modelled in the saturated zone and the amounts and changes in the ratio of NH4-N, NO2-N, NO3-N were determined. The first part of our general hypothesis, that the groundwater was heavily contaminated in the area surrounding the sewage tank, was clearly verified, since every investigated nitrogen compound exceeded the contamination limit values; but the second part of our hypothesis, that the degree of contamination would significantly decrease after the sewage tank was taken out of use has not been confirmed, since the amount of nitrogen present in inorganic forms increased in the modelled zone. The increase in DIN and the relatively high concentration of NH4+ (35 mg/L) in the immediate vicinity of the tank can be explained by the fact that organic matter (OM) accumulated over the decades provided a constant supply of inorganic nitrogen forms.
The Gastropod Fauna of the Afyon-Dinar İncirlipınar Spring, Turkey
Authors: YILDIRIM Mehmet Zeki , GÜRLEK Mustafa Emre
Published: August 2019

In this study 11 gastropod species belong to 2 subclass, 8 family and 11 genus (Theodoxus anatolicus, Bithynia pseudommericia, Graecoanatolica dinarica, Valvata piscinalis, Stagnicola palustris, Radix labiata, Planorbis planorbis, Planorbarius corneus, Bathyomphalus contortus, Acroloxus lacustris, Physella acuta) were determined on the İncilipınar spring which is one of the important aquatic resource of the Western Anatolian region.
Confocal imaging of live larval zebrafish for assessing peripheral neuropathy v1
Authors: Rieger Sandra
Published: August 2019

Summary: This protocol describes a method to mount live 8 day-old zebrafish larvae in agarose for capturing fluorescent transgene-expressing peripheral somatosensory axons with confocal imaging. We have previously described a similar method in the Journal of Visualized Experiments (1). Diabetic Complication: References: 1. G. S. O'Brien, S. Rieger, S. M. Martin, A. M. Cavanaugh, C. Portera-Cailliau, A. Sagasti, Twophoton axotomy and time-lapse confocal imaging in live zebrafish embryos. J Vis Exp, (2009). 2. S. Rieger, A. Sagasti, Hydrogen peroxide promotes injury-induced peripheral sensory axon regeneration in the zebrafish skin. PLoS Biol 9, e1000621 (2011); published online EpubMay (10- PLBI-RA-9260R3 [pii] 10.1371/journal.pbio.1000621). 3. A. J. Pittman, M. Y. Law, C. B. Chien, Pathfinding in a large vertebrate axon tract: isotypic interactions guide retinotectal axons at multiple choice points. Development 135, 2865-2871 (2008); published online EpubSep
CRISPR-Cas9 episome conjugation into Phaeodactylum tricornutum v2
Authors: Moosburner Mark , E Allen Andrew
Published: August 2019

Bacterial-conjugation methodology used to introduce the CRISPR-Cas9 episome generated using the GG2 assembly protocol. This method, though, can be adapted for any episomal transfromation from an E. coli culture that contains a cargo plasmid (episome) and conjugation plasmid (pta-MOB) to Phaeodactylum.
Ferret: Chronic surgerical implant of gastric EMG and vagus nerve cuff electrodes v1
Authors: C Horn Charles , Miller Derek , Fulton Stephanie , Yates Bill , Fisher Lee
Published: August 2019

This protocol is used for surgically implanting gastrointestinal planar electrodes and vagus nerve cuff electrodes for chronic electrophysiological recording and stimulaiton. Electrode wiring is tunneled subcutaneously to a connector embedded in a headcap affixed to the cranium.
SPARC - Gastrointestinal myoelectric recordings from the behaving ferret v1
Authors: C Horn Charles , M. Miller Derek , Fulton Stephanie , J. Yates Bill , E. Fisher Lee , C. Nanivadekar Ameya
Published: August 2019

This protocol provides the steps for recording the gastrointestinal myoelectric responses and stimulation of the abdominal vagus nerve from the behaving ferret. These tests occur after an animal is surgically implanted with gastrointestinal and vagus nerve electrodes (see the protocol "SPARC - Chronic implantation of gastrointestinal and vagus nerve electrodes in the ferret" for implantation methods). Funding: This protocol was developed with funding from the NIH Common Fund’s Stimulating Peripheral Activity to Relieve Conditions (SPARC) program (Award U18TR002205). To learn more about the SPARC program, visit https://sparc.science.