bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Distributed Collaborative Optimization in Building Multi-Energy Complementary Energy Systems
Authors: Zhao Yongchao , Yang Yang , Zhang Jianmin , Ling Hugeng , Du Yawei
Published: November 2024

This article investigates the application and physical mechanism exploration of distributed collaborative optimization algorithms in building multi-energy complementary energy systems, in response to the difficulties in coordinating various subsystems and insufficient dynamic control strategies. On the basis of modeling each subsystem, the Dual Decomposition algorithm is used to decompose the global optimization problem of the system into several independent sub problems, achieving independent optimization of each subsystem. Through an adaptive dynamic scheduling strategy, real-time data and predictive information are continuously updated and controlled, effectively allocating system resources. The experimental results show that compared to the original system before optimization, the improved algorithm in this paper reduces the total energy consumption of the system by 6.9% and 2.8% on typical summer and winter days, respectively. The conclusion shows that the algorithm proposed in this paper can effectively solve the problem of system coordination difficulties, improve system resource allocation and overall operation level, and provide a new perspective for the optimization design and operation control of energy systems.
Bilateral Correlational Behavior of Pyroglutamate Aminopeptidase I Activity in Rat Photoneuroendocrine Locations During a Standard 12:12 h Light–Dark Cycle
Authors: Ramírez-Sánchez Manuel , Prieto Isabel , Segarra Ana Belén , Banegas Inmaculada , Martínez-Cañamero Magdalena , Domínguez-Vías Germán , Durán Raquel , Vives Francisco
Published: November 2024

We previously described the circadian variation and bilateral distribution of pyroglutamate aminopeptidase I (pGluPI) activity levels in photoneuroendocrine locations of adult male rats during a standard 12:12 h light–dark cycle. However, the correlational analysis between such locations has not yet been studied. This may provide new data about the unilateral and bilateral functional interaction between photoneuroendocrine locations under light and dark conditions. We analyzed the correlations between locations of a photoneuroendocrine circuit consisting of retina, anterior hypothalamus, superior cervical ganglion, and pineal gland, as well as other related photoneuroendocrine locations: posterior hypothalamus, anterior pituitary, posterior pituitary, occipital cortex, and serum. In particular, we analyzed the correlations between the left retina or the right retina versus the rest of the locations, as well as the correlations between the left and right sides of paired structures at the different time points selected from 12 h light and 12 h dark periods. Also, the profiles of correlational results were compared with the corresponding mean levels. The results demonstrate the complexity of asymmetrical brain behavior. The correlation profile did not always parallel the profile observed with the mean activity values. The diurnal behavior of correlations with the left or right retina differed from one location to another. Likewise, the diurnal variation of correlations between the left and right sides of the paired structures differed between them. Particularly, while most correlations between the left versus right sides of paired structures showed positive values, that of the posterior hypothalamus showed a negative value at 13 h of light period. In addition, except the posterior hypothalamus, most paired locations only correlated significantly with right retina at 07 h of the light period. The results demonstrate the dynamic complexity of brain asymmetry, which represents a challenge for understanding its functional meaning.
An Experimental Study on Deuterium Production from Titanium Hydride Powders Subjected to Thermal Cycles
Authors: Gamberale Luca , Modanese Giovanni
Published: November 2024

An extensive multi-year experimental study was conducted to investigate the potential production of deuterium from titanium hydride TiHx powders subjected to specific thermal cycles. Mass spectrometry was performed, focusing on the variation in signal intensities at m/z = 2, 3, 4, 18, 19, 20, and 21, corresponding to fragments primarily involving deuterium, during the degassing of titanium hydride powders as the sample temperature was raised from room temperature to approximately 1100 °C. The results reveal an anomaly in the deuterium-to-hydrogen ratios, with the analysis indicating an increase in deuterium concentration by a factor of approximately 280 compared to its natural concentration on Earth. Three independent methods confirmed the excess deuterium. Simultaneously, flow calorimetry was performed during the degassing process, which did not show any measurable excess heat produced in the configuration used. This study was motivated by our novel theoretical predictions, based on the standard electroweak theory with gauge symmetry, suggesting the generation of slow neutrons within metal hydrides when exposed to coherent excitations. Our findings align with direct measurements of neutron emission by TiHx powders under cavitation in liquid water, as recently published by Fomitchev-Zamilov.
Mapping Properties of Associate Laguerre Polynomial in Symmetric Domains
Authors: Al-Sa’di Sa’ud , Siddiqa Ayesha , Kanwal Bushra , Alamri Mohammed Ali , Hussain Saqib , Noor Saima
Published: November 2024

The significant characteristics of Associate Laguerre polynomials (ALPs) have noteworthy applications in the fields of complex analysis and mathematical physics. The present article mainly focuses on the inclusion relationships of ALPs and various analytic domains. Starting with the investigation of admissibility conditions of the analytic functions belonging to these domains, we obtained the conditions on the parameters of ALPs under which an ALP maps an open unit disc inside such analytical domains. The graphical demonstration enhances the outcomes and also proves the validity of our obtained results.
Community Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices About Malaria: Insights from a Northwestern Colombian Endemic Locality
Authors: Muñoz-Laiton Paola , Hernández-Valencia Juan C. , Correa Margarita M.
Published: November 2024

Malaria prevention and control programs are mainly oriented to vector control, timely diagnosis and adequate treatment. Malaria transmission is influenced by several factors, including biological and social aspects. Thus, it is relevant to consider community beliefs and practices to ensure sustainable prevention and control strategies. This study aimed to determine knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) towards malaria in an endemic locality in northwestern Colombia. Preliminary data were collected through a focus group discussion. Subsequently, a KAP survey was administered to the community. KAP scores were associated with both sociodemographic characteristics and with previous malaria infection. Focus group data revealed knowledge gaps and the absence of or having worn-out nets. Survey results showed that participants recognized a mosquito bite as the transmission mode (72.09%), followed by dirty water (44.19%), high fever (86.05%) and headache (79.07%) as the main symptoms. Regarding attitudes, 44.19% of the people would go to the hospital in the case of having symptoms. The most recognized practices for disease prevention were the use of mosquito nets (65.12%) and fans (23.26%). The results showed that some people had misconceptions about the disease transmission mode. The analysis showed significant associations of either female gender and homemaker occupation with a good knowledge [OR = 3.74, (p = 0.04), OR = 3.55, (p = 0.04), respectively] or female with a positive attitude towards malaria control and prevention [OR = 4.80, (p = 0.04)]. These results showed that the identified gaps in KAP require increasing education among the community in addition to applying public health prevention efforts. The data may be useful in designing malaria control strategies that involve community participation.
From a Traditional City to a Smart City: The Measurement of Cities’ Readiness for Transition, Egypt as a Case Study
Authors: Hassebo Ahmed , Tealab Mohamed , Hamouda Mosaad
Published: November 2024

The transition from traditional legacy cities to smart cities represents a pivotal juncture in urban development and governance. As cities worldwide grapple with the challenges of rapid urbanization, resource constraints, and the need to enhance the quality of life for their citizens, the concept of a “smart city” has gained significant attention. This paper delves into the multifaceted process of urban transformation, shedding light on the essential criteria and considerations that guide a city’s conversion into a smart city. To provide a comprehensive framework for the conversion process, this paper outlines a computer program utilized to measure the readiness to transform a traditional city into a smart city. The transformation criteria encompass technological innovation, data-driven decision-making, infrastructure development, and effective governance models. It explores the significance of citizen engagement, privacy concerns, and sustainability in shaping the transformation process. Case studies of potential cities in Egypt that are ready to be successfully transformed into smart cities are presented to illustrate how these criteria have been applied in real-world contexts. Ultimately, this paper provides a roadmap for city planners, policymakers, and urban stakeholders, offering guidance on the essential elements and considerations required to navigate this complex and transformative journey successfully. In an era where urbanization continues to accelerate, the transition to smart cities is not merely a futuristic concept but a pressing necessity for ensuring the sustainability and prosperity of our cities.
Sustainable Commuting: Active Transport Practices and Slovenian Data Analysis
Authors: Šobot Aleksandar , Gričar Sergej , Bojnec Štefan
Published: November 2024

This study examines the influence of transportation policies and urbanisation on cycling participation and environmental sustainability in Slovenia. Factor and regression analyses were employed. The yearly data from 2008 to 2021 were isolated. A modest increase in urban cycling frequency was observed, bolstered by investments in environmental protection and safety enhancements; however, additional evidence is needed to confirm the long-term effects (H1). Furthermore, while increased cycling was linked to a reduction in CO2 emissions and improved air quality, the overall environmental benefits were found to be affected by other factors, such as motorisation and public transportation in summer (H2). The study revealed that the introduction of reduced urban speed limits and expanded cycling lanes significantly enhanced cycling safety and desirability, leading to a shift from car usage to bicycles (RQ). These findings indicate that cycling could play a vital role in advancing Slovenia’s sustainable development goals, emphasising the need for continued investments and supportive urbanisation policies.
Comparison of Green Space Usage During COVID-19
Authors: Helmi Humam , Kara Can , Tülbentçi Tuğşad
Published: November 2024

The main aim of this paper is to evaluate park usage and accessibility in the northern part of Nicosia, Cyprus, and to compare the usage and accessibility before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study provides insights into how park usage changed due to the pandemic and lockdown measures, offering valuable information for urban developers on improving park safety and health standards during pandemic conditions. A total of 500 housing units were selected from among the Nicosia neighborhoods to assess changes in behavior and park usage pre- and post-pandemic. These data were analyzed using SPSS descriptive statistics, and field studies were conducted to identify key parks in Nicosia. The results indicate that parks offer a pleasant environment, with higher usage observed in the summer and spring seasons. However, a decline in park usage was noted during the pandemic, highlighting areas for enhancing safety and accessibility. Recommendations are made to assist urban developers in making informed decisions for future park improvements, as well as for further studies on this topic. This research aims to contribute to creating safer, more accessible parks for the residents of Nicosia.
Prevalence of Plantar Warts, Genital Warts, and Herpetic Infections in Greek Competitive Swimmers
Authors: Sfyri Eleni , Tertipi Niki , Kefala Vasiliki , Rallis Efstathios
Published: November 2024

Viral outbreaks are common in the sport community. Data regarding the prevalence of plantar warts, genital warts, herpes simplex type 1 (herpes labialis), herpes zoster, and genital herpes in competitive swimmers are lacking in the literature. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of those viral infections among young competitive swimmers participating in Greek swimming clubs. Swimmers’ parents and adult swimmers were asked to complete an anonymous questionnaire. In total, 1047 swimmers enrolled in this study. The measured parameters included gender, age, times of infections, and seasons when athletes may be more susceptible to infections. Practicing information such as type of swimming facility, number of training years, average hours of daily training, behaviors in swimming practice, and sunlight exposure was also recorded. All infections showed a significant difference in relation to “age” and “years of training”. The gender significance was observed in herpes labialis (p = 0.016) and plantar warts (p = 0.05). The prevalence of all infections in swimmers who use outdoor facilities was higher. Certain behaviors such as walking barefoot on a pool deck and sharing swimming equipment correlate with herpes simplex and plantar warts. Virus infections can affect swimmers of all ages. In our study, plantar warts and herpes labialis are more common in swimmers. Herpes zoster and sexually transmitted viruses are rarer and affect adult swimmers. The impact of cutaneous infections on swimmers can affect performance and well-being. Effective prevention and management are essential to avoid complications. Proper hygiene, medical guidance, and treatment reduce swimmers’ exposure to skin viruses.
Respiratory Viral Infection Patterns in Hospitalised Children Before and After COVID-19 in Hong Kong
Authors: Pun Jason Chun Sang , Tao Kin Pong , Yam Stacy Lok Sze , Hon Kam Lun , Chan Paul Kay Sheung , Li Albert Martin , Chan Renee Wan Yi
Published: November 2024

The study highlights the significant changes in respiratory virus epidemiology following the lifting of COVID-19 restrictions. Method: In this single-centre retrospective study, the virological readouts of adenovirus (AdV), influenza virus A (IAV), influenza virus B (IBV), parainfluenza viruses (PIV) 1, 2, 3, 4, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and coupled enterovirus and rhinovirus (EV/RV) were extracted from the respiratory specimens of paediatric patients in Hong Kong from January 2015 to February 2024. The subjects were stratified into five age groups. Results: The study included 18,737 and 6001 respiratory specimens in the pre-COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 mask mandate period, respectively. The mean age of hospitalised patients increased from 3.49 y ± 0.03 y to 4.37 y ± 0.05 y after the COVID-19 lockdown. The rates of single-virus infection and co-infection were significantly higher in the post-COVID-19 mask mandate period. The odds ratio for AdV for all age groups (OR: 4.53, 4.03, 2.32, 2.46, 1.31) and RSV in older children from 3 years old and above (OR: 1.95, 3.38, p < 0.01) were significantly elevated after the COVID-19 outbreak. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that public health measures to contain COVID-19 may have unintended consequences on children’s natural exposure and immunity to other respiratory viruses, potentially increasing their morbidity in the post-pandemic era.
Breaching the Barrier: Investigating Initial Herpes Simplex Viral Infection and Spread in Human Skin and Mucosa
Authors: Rana Hafsa , Truong Naomi R. , Sirimanne Dona R. , Cunningham Anthony L.
Published: November 2024

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is sexually transmitted via the anogenital mucosa where it initially infects epidermal keratinocytes and mononuclear phagocytes (MNPs). It then spreads to the dorsal root ganglion via sensory nerve endings, to remain latent for life with periodic reactivation. Currently, there is no cure or vaccine. Initial or recurrent HSV infection can produce serious complications and mediate acquisition of HIV. This review outlines the initial events after the HSV infection of human anogenital mucosa to determine the optimal window to target the virus before it becomes latent. After infection, HSV spreads rapidly within the mid-layers of epidermal keratinocytes in the explanted human inner foreskin. Infected cells produce chemokines, which modulate nectin-1 distribution on the surface of adjacent keratinocytes, facilitating viral spread. Epidermal Langerhans cells and dendritic cells become infected with HSV followed by a “viral relay” to dermal MNPs, which then present viral antigen to T cells in the dermis or lymph nodes. These data indicate the need for interruption of spread within 24 h by diffusible vaccine-induced mediators such as antiviral cytokines from resident immune cells or antibodies. Intradermal/mucosal vaccines would need to target the relevant dermal MNPs to induce HSV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
Identifying Alpine Lakes with Shoreline Features
Authors: Hu Zhimin , Feng Min , Sui Yijie , Yan Dezhao , Zhang Kuo , Xu Jinhao , Liu Rui , Sthapit Earina
Published: November 2024

Alpine lakes located in high-altitude mountainous regions act as vital sentinels of environmental change. Remote-sensing-based identification of these lakes is crucial for understanding their response to climate variations and for assessing associated disaster risks. However, the complex terrain and weather conditions in these areas pose significant challenges to accurate detection. This paper proposes a method that leverages the high precision of deep learning for small lake and lake boundary extraction combined with deep learning to eliminate noise and errors in the identification results. Using Sentinel-2 data, we accurately identified and delineated alpine lakes in the eastern Himalayas. A total of 2123 lakes were detected, with an average lake area of 0.035 km². Notably, 76% of these lakes had areas smaller than 0.01 km². The slope data is crucial for the lake classification model in eliminating shadow noise. The accuracy of the proposed lake classification model reached 97.7%. In the identification of small alpine lakes, the recognition rate of this method was 96.4%, significantly surpassing that of traditional deep learning approaches. Additionally, this method effectively eliminated most shadow noise present in water body detection results obtained through machine learning techniques.
Decomposing Future Exposure from Increasing Flood Risk and Forecast Population Changes Across Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) in the United States
Authors: Porter Jeremy R. , Shu Evelyn G. , Hauer Matthew , Hirsch Zachary M. , Buresch Jasmina
Published: November 2024

Extreme weather events, like flooding, are expected to become more severe due to climate change and increasingly impact populations across the US. Adding to this challenge, populations have concurrently settled in risky areas that were previously thought to have low, or no, exposure. Objective: This research seeks to understand the unique contribution of population growth and climate change as independent components of future risk levels in the US. To do so, future population level forecasts are coupled with future flood projections along all five Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) at the block group level across the US. The results indicate that, across the five SSPs, the most increase in exposure will occur in SSP5 (+470,719), and the least will occur in SSP 3 (+57,189). By decomposing the contributions from flood and population growth, we find that the population growth-induced effect contributed to an increase in the population exposure for all of the SSPs except for SSP3. This research, and these results, provide a foundation for understanding future risks of flood exposure in an isolated framework and lay the groundwork for the development and integration of planning, adaptation, and mitigation efforts that may be used to address the growing risk of flooding in the context of the population forecasts provided here.
Experimental Study Unraveling Flow Allocation Patterns at Crossroad Intersections During Urban Flooding
Authors: Xu Ning , Shao Zhiyu , Wang Fei , Gong Huafeng
Published: November 2024

Urban roads can effectively handle peak flows during extreme storms by serving as surface flood passages, provided the flow remains within safety thresholds for vehicles and pedestrians. However, studies on flow allocation at crossroad intersections are limited. Previous research has overlooked important factors: road transverse slope and turning radius. This study built a “two in, two out” laboratory crossroad intersection to examine flow allocation patterns. Experiments explored the effects of road longitudinal slope, boundary conditions, and the combined influence of turning radius and side slope. The results indicated that at flatter slopes, flow allocation is more influenced by road slope, while at steeper slopes, the inflow Froude number ratio becomes more significant. The combined effect of the turning radius and side slope results in a flow allocation that differs by 44.3% compared to rectangular orthogonal channel intersections. A straightforward formula is proposed to calculate the flow allocation ratio based on experimental results and inflow power ratio. These findings could improve road intersection designs for better flood mitigation, offering a practical tool for planning flood-resilient road networks.
Sound Speed Prediction Equations for Seafloor Sediments in Offshore Area Southeast of Hainan Island
Authors: Tian Yuhang , Lu Licheng , Zhai Yufeng , Zhang Yingwei , Chen Zhong , Yan Wen , Wan Kuiyuan
Published: November 2024

In this study, single- and double-parameter empirical equations were produced, and the influences of physical properties on sound speed were assessed, based on the measured data of seafloor sediments obtained in an area near southeastern Hainan Island. The correlation coefficients of the single-parameter empirical equations were found to be greater than 0.65, while those of the double-parameter empirical equations were found to be greater than 0.72, indicating that the double-parameter empirical equations have an advantage in predicting sound speed. According to the sensitivity analysis, mean grain size is the best predictor for sediment sound speed. Furthermore, the empirical equations constructed in this study are a significant addition to sound speed prediction equations and have important application potential in predicting sound speed in the studied area near southeastern Hainan Island.
Unveiling Groundwater Potential in Hangu District, Pakistan: A GIS-Driven Bivariate Modeling and Remote Sensing Approach for Achieving SDGs
Authors: Rehman Abdur , Xue Lianqing , Islam Fakhrul , Ahmed Naveed , Qaysi Saleh , Liu Saihua , Alarifi Nassir , Youssef Youssef M. , Abd-Elmaboud Mahmoud E.
Published: November 2024

Sustainable groundwater development stands out as a contemporary concern for growing global populations, particularly in stressed riverine arid and semi-arid regions. This study integrated satellite-based (Sentinel-2, ALOS-DEM, and CHIRPS rainfall) data with ancillary lithology and infrastructure datasets using Weight of Evidence (WoE) and Frequency Ratio (FR) models to delineate Groundwater Potential Zones (GWPZs) in the Hangu District, a hydrologically stressed riverine region in northern Pakistan, to support the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Ten key variables, including elevation, slope, aspect, distance to drainage (DD), rainfall, land use/land cover, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, lithology, and road proximity, were incorporated into the Geographic information system (GIS) environment. The FR model outperformed the WoE model, achieving success and prediction rates of 89% and 93%, compared to 82% and 86%. The GWPZs-FR model identified 23% (317 km2) as high potential, located in highly fractured pediment fans below 550 m, with gentle slopes (<5 degrees), DD (within 200 m), and high rainfall in areas of natural trees and vegetation on valley terrace deposits. The research findings significantly support multiple SDGs, with estimated achievement potentials of 37.5% for SDG 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation), 20% for SDG 13 (Climate Action), 15% for SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), 12.5% for SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure), and notable contributions of 10% for SDG 2 and 5% for SDG 3. This approach provides valuable insights for policymakers, offering a framework for managing groundwater resources and advancing sustainable practices in similar hydrologically stressed regions.
Buhârî’nin Leys b. Sa‘d’dan (ö. 175/791) Yaptığı Ta‘lîklerin Kaynaklarını Analiz
Authors: Hanek İbrahim
Published: November 2024

Buhârî’nin (ö. 256/869) ikinci dereceden hocası sayılan Leys b. Sa‘d’dan (ö. 175/791) yaptığı muallak rivâyetler, Sahîh’inde önemli bir yekûn teşkil etmektedir. Ebû Zer el-Herevî ve İbnü’l-Kayserânî gibi âlimler, Buhârî’nin, bu muallak rivâyetlerin tamamını hocası Abdullah b. Sâlih’ten (ö. 223/838) tahammül edip onu isnaddan düşürdüğünü iddia etmektedir. Ancak İbn Hacer ve Aynî gibi âlimler bu görüşe karşı çıkmakta ve Buhârî’nin bu muallakların önemli bir kısmını Yahya b. Bükeyr ve Kuteybe b. Saîd gibi hocalarından tahammül ettiği ve onları isnaddan düşürdüğünü savunmaktadır. Burada Buhârî’nin mezkûr muallaklar kapsamındaki kaynağını, yani hocalarını doğru bir şekilde belirleyebilmek için, ilgili muallakın hem Sahîh’deki hem de Buhârî’nin diğer eserlerindeki muttasıl tarîklerine müracaat edilecektir. Ancak mezkûr kaynaklardan mevsûl tarîki tespit edilemeyen muallaklar Buhârî’nin dışındaki muhaddislerin tahrîcleri doğrultusunda araştırılacaktır. Buhârî’nin, isnaddan düşürdüğü söz konusu hocalarını, sıhhat şartlarını taşıyıp taşımama yönüyle iki grupta kategorize edilebileceği ve isnaddan sadece Abdullah b. Sâlih’in düşürüldüğü iddiasının muallak rivâyetlerin ekseriyetiyle alakalı olduğu neticesine ulaşıldı.
Kayrevan’da Kıraat İlminin Teşekkül Süreci (Hicrî İlk Beş Asır)
Authors: Akbaba Ahmet Arif
Published: November 2024

Kıraat ilmi, tarihi itibariyle ilgilisinin müstağni kalamayacağı gerek yapısal gerekse literatür yönünden önemli gelişim süreçlerine şahitlik etmiştir. Nitekim imamların öne çıktığı ihtiyar dönemi, İbn Mücâhid’in yedili tasnifi, kimi coğrafyalarda yakalanan ilmî kalkınma neticesinde yetişen kurrâ ve bunların kaleminden çıkan müellefatla şekillenen literatür, sözü edilen süreçlerin öne çıkanları arasında yer almaktadır. Bu çerçevede ilk fatihler arasında bulunan sahâbe ve tâbiînin tedris faaliyetleriyle İslam medeniyetinin merkezlerinden biri haline gelen Kayrevan da bu yönüyle dikkat çeken önemli bir coğrafya kabul edilmektedir. İlgili coğrafya; kimi zaman itikâdî mezhepler arasında cereyan eden var olma ve baskın gelme mücadelesi neticesinde istikrarsız ve kaotik dönemlere şahitlik etse de kıraat ilmi sahasında “el-Kayrevânî” nisbeli birçok âlim yetiştirmiş ve bu alanda belli bir vasatı yakalamıştır. Ancak şu kadar var ki bölge, Endülüs’te olduğu üzere kıraat namına gerçekleşen tekâmülü gösterememiştir. Zira bölgeye mensup kıraat âlimlerinin birçoğu, gerek sözü edilen kaotik durumun etkisi gerekse ilmî dürtülerle son durağı çoğunlukla Endülüs olan rihleler gerçekleştirmiştir. Çalışmada öncelikle kıraat ilminin gelişimine doğrudan etkisi olduğu iddiası temelinde Kayrevan’daki ilmî ve sosyopolitik yapı ele alınacak akabinde kıraat ilminin teşekkül süreci üç dönemle kritik edilecektir. Araştırmada uygulanacak temel yöntem ise bölgenin siyasi ve kıraat tarihine dair klasik ve temel eserlerin analiz edilmesi ve bu analizden elde edilecek bulguların mukayeseli bir şekilde değerlendirilmesiyle oluşturulacaktır.
Precision Medicine Proof-of-Concept Study of a TNF Inhibitor in FSGS and Treatment-Resistant Minimal Change Disease
Authors: Trachtman Howard , Modi Zubin J. , Ju Wenjun , Lee Edmond , Chinnakotla Silpa , Massengill Susan , Sedor John , Mariani Laura , Zhai Yan , Hao Wei , Desmond Hailey , Eddy Sean , Ramani Karthik , Spino Cathie , Kretzler Matthias
Published: November 2024

Key Points

Precision medicine trials are feasible in patients with primary glomerular diseases.

Patients with FSGS and the best-preserved kidney parenchyma demonstrated the most favorable biomarker response to short-term adalimumab treatment.

Targeted therapies for FSGS are more likely to succeed during the course of disease when the injury pathway is activated and can be modified.

Background

FSGS and treatment-resistant minimal change disease (TR-MCD) are heterogeneous disorders with subgroups defined by distinct underlying mechanisms of glomerular and tubulointerstitial injury. A noninvasive urinary biomarker profile has been generated to identify patients with intrakidney TNF activation and to predict response to anti-TNF treatment. We conducted this proof-of-concept, multicenter, open-label clinical trial to test the hypothesis that in patients with FSGS or TR-MCD and evidence of intrarenal TNF activation based on their biomarker profile, short-term treatment with adalimumab would reverse the elevated urinary excretion of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1.

Methods

Patients with FSGS or TR-MCD, eGFR >30 ml/min per 1.73 m2, urine protein:creatinine ratio ≥1.5 g/g, and age 6–80 years were eligible for this trial. Adalimumab, 20–40 mg, was administered through subcutaneous injection every 2 weeks for five doses. Participants were evaluated at weeks 0 (baseline), 2, 8, and 10. Excretion of urinary monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, urinary tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1, urinary excretion of EGF, and plasma monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 were measured at each visit.

Results

Seven participants were enrolled, with median baseline urine protein:creatinine ratio 12.1 mg/mg (interquartile range [IQR], 2.2–18.6), serum albumin 2.4 g/dl (IQR, 2.0–2.8), and eGFR 57 ml/min per 1.73 m2 (IQR, 44–96). On the basis of self-report, they received all prescribed doses of adalimumab. The patients with the most favorable response on the basis of changes in urinary biomarkers had the best preserved kidney parenchyma based on urinary excretion of EGF.

Conclusions

Precision medicine trials are feasible in rare glomerular disorders. In this pilot study, adalimumab resulted in a heterogenous response of the candidate mechanistic-predictive biomarkers of TNF-mediated inflammation in patients with FSGS or TR-MCD. A reduction was seen in a subgroup of patients with preserved kidney parenchyma. The findings may reflect the challenge to reverse chronic injury at advanced stages of kidney disease or insufficient intrarenal target engagement with the intervention drug dose.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number:

NCT04009668.
History as a weapon: narratives and propaganda in the Russo-Ukrainian war
Authors: Krasnodemska Iryna , Kalinichenko Viacheslav , Marchenko Svitlana , Ostapchuk Oleksandr , Sonechko Olha
Published: November 2024

The Russian-Ukrainian war highlights the role of historical memory as a tool for shaping public sentiment and legitimizing political action. This study investigates how historical narratives are used in the information war between Russia and Ukraine, and the means employed to manipulate historical memory. Through content analysis of scientific literature and data synthesis, the research reveals how the Kremlin regime re-appropriates historical concepts, particularly the history of Rus' and the victory in World War II, to promote a distorted historical memory and justify its aggressive policies. The selective presentation of historical facts, coupled with the active dissemination of manipulated information through digital technologies, underscores the destructive potential of historical memory as a weapon in modern hybrid warfare. Special emphasis is placed on the history of Rus, which in modern Russian propaganda is understood in accordance with the old Soviet paradigms. Another important aspect is the mythologised idea of victory in the Second World War. The conclusions indicate that Russian propaganda selectively presents historical facts, focusing on selected events, which contributes to the formation of distorted historical memory.
FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI AUDIT DELAY PADA BANK KONVENSIONAL
Authors: Verene Barbie  , Luh Putu Puji Trisnawati
Published: November 2024

Companies with strong financial conditions tend to complete their financial statement audits more quickly to enhance investor confidence. Investors need timely financial statements to assess business activities, performance, and profit potential over multiple periods. When there is a delay in publishing financial statements, it may hinder investors' decision-making and affect their perception of the company's financial condition. In conducting business activities, every company requires banking institutions. Banks have an important role in the economy  and  society,  especially  as  a  driver  of  fund  flows  and  supporting  economic activities. Banks are the link between those who have more funds (such as savers) and those who need funds (such as entrepreneurs or individuals who need loans).  Using a quantitative research method, this study aims to analyze the impact of profitability, solvency, liquidity, and company size on audit delay in banks with core capital (KBMI) levels 3 and 4, as listed on the Financial Services Authority (OJK) website for the period 2017-2022. The quantitative method involves using secondary data, specifically financial statements, as the research data source. The sample was selected through non-probability sampling and purposive sampling techniques, resulting in 14 companies with a total of 84 data points. This study employs multiple linear regression analysis. Based on partial test results (t-test), it shows that solvency and liquidity do not affect audit delay, with significance values of 0.423 and 0.056, respectively, both of which are greater than 0.05. On the other hand, profitability and company size significantly influence audit delay, with significance values of 0.011 and 0.003, both of which are less than 0.05. The F-test, with a significance value of 0, indicates that profitability, solvency, liquidity, and company size collectively impact audit delay.
Developing a Directed Graph Analysis Framework as a Method to Analyse and Present Complex Datasets: A Case Study in Tax Compliance
Authors: Van der Walt Zelda , Van der Walt Johannes Petrus , Bornman Marina , Verhoef Grietjie
Published: November 2024

Directed graphs are often used as graphical representations of interrelationships between entities. In many fields of research besides the STEM fields, datasets containing complex qualitative interrelationships are challenging to represent graphically in traditional line graphs, bar graphs, or pie charts. In addition, if quantitative data needs to be presented on top of the qualitative relationships, graphical representation becomes even more complex. As a result, datasets of this nature are often tabulated or presented in text since graphical representation is considered difficult or impractical. This paper presents a Directed Graph Analysis Framework that may be used to develop graphical illustrations of such complex datasets. A PhD study in employer tax compliance undertaken by the principal author is utilised as a case study in this paper (Van der Walt, Z., 2024). The framework is then used to develop a variable interrelationship and compliance decision flow diagram to present employer tax compliance decisions in graphical form. It is demonstrated that the method is suitable to produce a single graphical representation of a large number of variables and sub-variables, displaying the relevant qualitative and quantitative information in an easy-to-understand way. The proposed method may be applied to other fields of research where similarly complex datasets are presented.
Electromobility in local administration offices of provincial cities in Poland – status at the end of 2022
Authors: Letkiewicz Andrzej , Krupska Joanna , Wentk Agnieszka
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT: The objective of this article is to investigate behaviours related to electromobility in terms of owned vehicle fleets and charging stations in local administration units, the role of zero-emission vehicles in building the image of the administration and the promotion of environmentally friendly behaviours among its employees as at the end of 2022. The completion of the objective was based on surveys of the data collected using the CATI technique from provincial offices (POs) and municipal offices (MOs)[1] of provincial cities. The survey showed that the primary means of transport owned by the entities surveyed are internal combustion engine vehicles. Of these, the largest group is made up of passenger cars – the average age of vehicles at the time of the survey was approx. eight years. In sum, the local administration in the provincial cities is approaching the target value established by law. The average share of BEVs in the passenger vehicle fleet is 9%. In terms of charging station ownership, there were three dominant patterns. There is a perception among respondents that a fleet of environmentally friendly vehicles builds a positive, pro-environmental image of the office, while in none of the offices was there any action to support the environmentally friendly behaviour of employees in terms of travelling to and from work.
 
[1] The survey covered local government administrative units in 16 cities where local government offices are located and involved provincial local government offices (POs) and municipal local government offices (MOs).
Особенности функционирования элементов национальной инновационной системы России
Authors: Л.П. Клеева
Published: November 2024

В статье исследуются условия обеспечения эффективного научноинновационного процесса, включающие в себя требования к эффективному функционированию элементов национальной (региональной) инновационной системы и их взаимодействию, а также условия эффективной работы научноинновационной сферы в целом.

Annotation. The article studies the conditions ensure effective scientific innovation process, such as requirements for effective functioning elements of the national innovation system (regional) and also their interaction and effective conditions of work science and innovation sphere as a whole.
Исследование показателей развития рынка мобильной связи
Authors: Л.Е. Варшавский
Published: November 2024

В статье проводится анализ показателей развития олигополистического рынка мобильной связи (на примере США) на средне и долгосрочную перспективу. С использованием методов теории динамических игр рассматриваются последствия превращения существующей квадрополии в триополию в результате возможного объединения компанийпровайдеров TMobile и Sprint. Путем компьютерного моделирования исследованы условия, при которых может быть повышена рыночная доля объединенной компании. Рассмотрены факторы, препятствующие дальнейшему широкомасштабному развертыванию мобильной связи в США.

Analysis of dynamics of indicators of the mobile wireless communication market over middle range and longrun periods is carried out (on the example of US market). On the basis of methods of dynamical games prospects and consequences of conversion of the current market quadropoly to triopoly are studied. With the help of computer modeling conditions favoring to increase of the market share of the new united carrier are determined. Factors hindering largescale development of mobile wireless communication are discussed.
Стратегия выстраивания долговой политики российских публичных компаний
Authors: С.И. Луценко
Published: November 2024

Автор рассматривает особенности влияние ключевых факторов (финансовой гибкости, ликвидности и управленческой политики) на долговую стратегию финансирования российских публичных компаний. Особая роль отводится вкладу органа управления в определении долговой политики. В отличие от предыдущих исследований фокус исследования смещен в сторону совместного влияния ключевых факторов, направленных на корректировку структуры капитала в условиях непоследовательной экономической политики. Показатель управленческой политики позволяет оценить предупредительный мотив способность компании переключиться на внутренние источники финансирования (сохраняя денежные ресурсы для финансирования инвестиционных проектов). Исследуется влияние гипотезы предупредительного мотива, выдвинутой Д. Кейнсом. Публичные российские компании реализуют долговую политику, направленную на использовании внутренних ресурсов для финансирования инвестиционных проектов, с учетом их приоритетности. Менеджмент компаний следует логике предупредительного мотива сберегая денежные средства и направляя их на финансирование приоритетных инвестиционных проектов.

The author considers features influence of key factors (financial flexibility, liquidity and the management policy) on debt strategy of financing of the Russian public companies. The special role is taken away to the controls contribution to determination of a debt policy. Unlike the previous researches research focus is displaced towards joint influence of key factors on adjustment of capital structure in the conditions of inconsistent economic policy. The indicator of work of company management allows to estimate precautionary motive the capability of the company to be switched to internal sources of financing (savings of money resources for financing of investment projects). The Author researches hypothesis of precautionary motive pushed by J. Keynes. The public Russian companies implement the debt policy directed on use of internal resources for financing of investment projects, taking into account them prioritization. Management of the companies follows logic of precautionary motive saving up money resources and directing them on financing of priority investment projects.
Проблемы социально-экономического развития страны после завершения активной фазы борьбы с коронавирусом
Authors: А.Е. Варшавский
Published: November 2024

В работе обосновывается необходимость решения внутренних проблем российской экономической системы. В их числе - совершенствование социально-экономической политики, изменение кредитно-финансовой системы; защита собственных интересов России во внешней торговле; выбор приори-тетных направлений социально-экономического развития, в первую очередь ускорение развития об-рабатывающих производств при отказе от преимущественной ориентации на цифровизацию в услови-ях разрушения электронной промышленности и производства компьютерной техники;, развитие сфе-ры НИОКР и ускорение инновационной деятельности; восстановление и полноценное развитие отрас-лей, обеспечивающих эффективное реагирование в случае чрезвычайных ситуаций, в том числе си-стемы здравоохранения; развитие сельского хозяйства; переориентация жилищного строительства; развитие транспортной инфраструктуры; сокращение чрезмерного неравенства доходов населения и пространственного неравенства; повышение уровня разработки долгосрочной стратегии социально-экономического развития страны. Подчеркивается возрастание роли государственного управления в условиях кризиса и необходимость системного подхода для повышения уровня подготовки офици-альных документов.

In the paper it is shown the need to solve internal problems of the Russian economic system. In their number are the following: improving socio-economic policy, changing the credit and financial system; protecting Russia's own interests in foreign trade; selecting priority areas for socio-economic development, primarily accelerating the development of manufacturing industries, while rejecting the primary focus on digitalization in the face of the destruction of the electronic industry and computer technology; developing R&D sector and accelerating innovation; restoration and full development of industries that provide an effective response to emergencies, including the health system; development of agriculture; reorientation of housing construction; development of transport infrastructure; reduction of excessive income inequality and spatial inequality; increasing the level of development of the long-term strategy for socio-economic development of the country. The increasing role of the governmental control in the crisis and the need for a system approach to improve the level of preparation of official documents are emphasized.
О положении дел с ядерной безопасностью в России
Authors: В.И. Рыбаченков
Published: November 2024

В работе показано, что за последние 20 лет Россия кардинально улучшила ядерную безопасность, осуществив модернизацию систем учета, контроля и физической безопасности ядерных материалов более, чем на 300 подведомственных Росатому и Минобороны объектах. Подобные меры имели целью обеспечение сохранности как расщепляющихся материалов, так и арсенала ядерного оружия и представляли собой первую линию обороны против незаконного ядерного оборота, чреватого ядерным распространением и терроризмом. Одновременно был усилен потенциал второй линии обороны (КПП таможенных служб), обеспечивающей пресечение незаконного ядерного оборота ядерных материалов через национальные границы. Ускорению указанных работ способствовало активное американское содействие в рамках утвержденной конгрессом США программы Нанна – Лугара.

It is shown that during the last 20 years Russia accomplished cardinal refurbishment of accounting, control and physical protection systems at more than 300 facilities belonging to Rosatom and Ministry of Defense. Such measures were directed towards assuring safekeeping of fissile materials and nuclear weapons and composed the first line of defense against nuclear smuggling fraught with nuclear proliferation and terrorism. At the same time was reinforced the potential of the second line of defense ((customs check points) assuring suppression of nuclear smuggling at national borders. The implementation of the above mentioned measures was accelerated by active American assistance in the framework of Nunn-Lugar program approved by the US Congress.