bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biochemical markers of oxidative stress in maize seedlings exposed to rose-grass aphids
Authors: Łukasik I. , Goławska S.
Published: April 2021

We studied the influence of rose-grass aphid (Metopolophium dirhodum L.) infestation on the biochemical markers of oxidative stress in seedlings of two maize (Zea mays L.) varieties (relatively resistant Ambrozja and resistant Plomyk). We compared the generation of superoxide anion radicals O2-, level of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), lipid peroxidation products (MDA) as well as markers of protein damage (protein-bound carbonyl groups). The studied parameters were measured at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h post-initial aphid infestation compared to the non-infested control seedlings. Our studies indicated that the rose-grass aphid feeding evoked oxidative stress in the maize seedlings. Investigated Z. mays cultivars exhibited excessive generation of superoxide anion radicals in response to insect treatments. Rose-grass aphid feeding increased the H2O2 level in maize tissues with similar levels observed at most periods post-infestation with M. dirhodum, also increased lipid peroxidation products with the maximal levels at 48 and 72 h for Ambrozja and 48, 72 and 96 h post-infestation for Plomyk varieties. Further at 48 and 72 h post-initial aphid infestation, there was an increase in protein bound carbonyl groups content in the maize seedlings after infestation with aphids.
Antibacterial activity of Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb. against bacterial phytopathogens: Erwinia carotovora, Ralstonia solanacearum and Xanthomonas axonopodis
Authors: Akbar M , Amin A , Khalil T. , Iqbal M. S. , Nazir A. , Taswar A.
Published: April 2021

We investigated the antibacterial activity of alligator weed (Alternanthera philoxeroides) organic extracts against three bacterial phytopathogens (Erwinia carotovora, Ralstonia solanacearum and Xanthomonas axonopodis). The extracts were prepared by soaking the dry powder of leaf, stem and root of A. philoxeroides into methanol, n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate. The disk diffusion method was used to determine the antibacterial activity at 100 mg/mL extract concentration. The n-hexane extract of A. philoxeroides leaves showed the maximum inhibition zone diameter (IZD)= 28.1 mm against R. solanacearum, while, the corresponding value for the positive control (Penicillin) was 48 mm IZD. There was no antibacterial activity of negative control, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Gas Chromatography Mass-Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed the presence of acetic acid, 2-(2-methoxycarbonylamino-5-nitrophenylthio)-, methyl ester, at the highest concentration (31.9 %), followed by 1, 4-benzenediol, 2, 5-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl)- (15.06 %),. It was concluded that the observed biological activity in this study may be due to the presence of these compounds.
Microbial and metabolite profiles of spontaneous and adjunct-inoculated cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) fermentation
Authors: Peralta J.G.B. , Elegado F.B. , Simbahan J.F. , Pajares I.G. , Dizon E.I.
Published: April 2021

The succession of the dominant microbial population during cacao fermentation with or
without adjunct inoculation of yeast and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were monitored on a
laboratory scale using culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. Yeasts and
acetic acid bacteria (AAB) population throughout a five-day fermentation process showed
no significant differences but the LAB population increased through adjunct inoculation.
Polymerase Chain Reaction-Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE)
identification method showed the dominance of only Lactobacillus plantarum, one of the
species used as the adjunct inoculum, which resulted in higher lactic acid production. On
the other hand, Acetobacter spp. and Gluconobacter spp. were markedly observed in the
spontaneously fermented set-up resulting in increased acetic acid production, significantly
different (p>0.05) at three to five days of fermentation. LAB and yeast inoculation
resulted in a more desirable temperature and pH of the fermenting mash which may result
in better product quality.
Reduction Blood Pressureby Neck Massage Therapy Using Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) and Dry Cupping Therapy
Authors: Faidah Nurul , Muliawati Ni Kadek
Published: April 2021

Hypertension is a non-communicable disease which increases every year, with the increasing incidence of Hypertension will have an impact on society, namely a decrease in health status which results in a decrease in the quality of life. Management of hypertension can be done with non-pharmacological therapy, one of the non-pharmacological therapies chosen by the community, namely complementary therapy, neck massage therapy using VCO and cupping is a complementary therapy that aims to reduce hypertension. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The sample in this study 16 respondents were given neck massage therapy with VCO and 16 respondents were given dry cupping therapy. The data analysis used was the Spearman rank because the data were not normally distributed. Before being given neck massage therapy with a mean VCO, systolic blood pressure was 156.25, diastolic blood pressure was 87.50 after being given a mean value of 124.38 and diastolic 81.25 with a systolic p value of 0.000 while for diastolic blood pressure of 0.008. Whereas in the group given dry cupping therapy systolic blood pressure with a mean of 158.82 and diastole a mean of 90.59, after being given dry cupping therapy, systolic blood pressure was 124.71 while diastole was 78.82 with a systolic p value of 0.000 and diastole of 0.009. The difference in blood pressure in the two interventions for the system p value was 0.968 while for diastole the p value was 0.625, which means there was no difference between the two interventions. So it can be concluded that both neck massage therapy with VCO and dry cupping therapy can reduce blood pressure in patients with hypertension.
Analysis of the current state and problems of the functioning of the consumer cooperation system in Russia
Authors: Agnaeva Irina , Semina Natal'ya
Published: April 2021

The modern development of the consumer cooperation system in Russia is characterized by degradation processes, which requires an analysis of its activities and the identification of problems that impede the increase in the efficiency of its activities. On the basis of such an analysis, it is possible to determine the directions for improving the methodology and efficiency of the functioning of consumer societies and the Tsentrosoyuz. In the article, the authors have made a brief analysis of the functioning of the organizations of the Central Union. It also highlights the problems that hinder the effective functioning of consumer cooperation, identified in the legal, economic and social spheres.
Increasing the level of economic security of the state based on improving the strategic management system
Authors: Agapova Tat'yana , Minakov Andrey
Published: April 2021

The article deals with the issues of economic security of the Russian Federation. The aim is to propose measures to increase the level of economic security of the Russian Federation based on improving the strategic management system. Research methods: analysis of theoretical sources, analysis of statistical indicators, comparison. The article discusses the concept of economic security, the current strategy of economic security of the Russian Federation, the existing threats to the economic security of the Russian Federation, as well as ways to improve state strategic management to increase the economic security of the state.
Digitalization of the trade sector: new opportunities for development
Authors: Vahitov Damir , Shamsutdinova Marina
Published: April 2021

Digitalization of trade at the current stage of active implementation of information technologies is the most actively developing area of activity both on the part of trading enterprises themselves and for buyers. This article is devoted to the consideration of the main problems and prospects for the development of digital trade, both in economic and social aspects.
CUSTOMS REGULATION OF THE EXPORT OF TIMBER MATERIALS IN THE CONDITIONS OF FUNCTIONING OF THE EURASIAN ECONOMIC UNION
Authors: Kovalev Viktor , Yakovenko Diana
Published: April 2021

This article examines the role of customs regulation in the conditions of the functioning of the Eurasian economic integration, and also reveals the need for solving joint tasks brought to the supranational level and closely associated with the implementation of the common foreign trade policy of the EAEU member states.
STAKEHOLDER APPROACH TO FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT IN VENTURE CAPITAL COMPANIES
Authors: Bank Sergey
Published: April 2021

The increasing role of the complexity of non-financial forms of capital in all areas of operation in order to achieve the best competitive positions, as a result, and to justify management decisions determines the search for new strategic ways of developing venture companies. The selected solutions within the framework of the strategy should be consistent with the formation of value increments for corporate stakeholders.

The stakeholders of venture-type companies, being direct carriers of the intellectual and social unity of capital, pursue the goal of obtaining a certain reward in the form of alternative economic profit that covers the costs incurred by them.
PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIAN-ITALIAN ECONOMIC COOPERATION
Authors: Mustafin Timur , Shangaraev Ruslan
Published: April 2021

The trade restrictions imposed by the European Union in relation to Russia have the most negative impact on the state of the Italian-Russian trade and economic cooperation. In terms of economic indicators, the Italian economy is in recession. Italian exports to Russia fell by more than a third, which negatively affects small and medium-sized businesses, suppliers of high-tech products (gas and oil production equipment for work, in particular, in the Arctic latitudes), military-technical cooperation, which has always been evidence of the traditionally trusting partnership between Russia and Italy.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Bilişsel Esneklik ve Duygu Düzenleme Becerilerinin İnternet Bağımlılığı Üzerindeki Yordayıcı Rolü
Authors: ATEŞ Bünyamin , SAĞAR Mehmet Enes
Published: April 2021

Bu araştırmada, bilişsel esneklik ve duygu düzenleme becerileri değişkenlerinin üniversite öğrencilerinin internet bağımlılığı düzeylerini ne kadar yordadığı incelenmiştir. Araştırma ilişkisel tarama modelinde dayalı olarak yürütülmüştür. Çalışmanın araştırma grubunu 2020-2021 eğitim-öğretim yılında Türkiye’deki farklı üniversitelerde öğrenim gören 318 (%43.1) erkek, 420 (%56.9) kız olmak üzere toplam 738 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Araştırma grubunun yaş ortalaması 20.19’dur. Araştırmada veri toplama araçları olarak Young İnternet Bağımlılığı Testi-Kısa Formu, Bilişsel Esneklik Envanteri, Duygu Düzenleme Becerileri Ölçeği ve Kişisel Bilgi Formu kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen veriler çoklu doğrusal regresyon analiz (adımsal) yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda; internet bağımlılığını birinci sırada “bilişsel esneklik”, ikinci sırada “duygu düzenleme becerileri” değişkenlerinin anlamlı düzeyde yordadığı belirlenmiştir.
méditation comme moyen de synthèse culturelle dans les œuvres du compositeur Yoshihisa Yaïra
Authors: Morooka Hiroyo
Published: April 2021

Le compositeur Yoshihisa Taïra (1937-2005) cherche – dans sa composition – à réaliser une synthèse culturelle entre la France, où il s’est formé et a vécu, et le Japon, son pays d'origine. Il utilise alors la méditation comme thème musical pour se libérer de l’intellectualisation et de la verbalisation de la musique, et ce, dans le but de revenir à l’écoute en tant qu’essence musicale. En utilisant le concept du ma (vide), en s’inspirant de la pensée bouddhiste zen, Taïra réussit à trouver une position équilibrée avec le contexte esthétique de la postmodernité française représentée par Jean-François Lyotard.

Cet article creuse donc ce en quoi la méditation est la synthèse culturelle pour Taïra, en analysant du point de vue musical et philosophique, la possibilité de l’existence d’un croisement idéologique entre ces deux cultures qui inciterait le compositeur à retourner vers l’inspiration de la culture japonaise, à l’aide de la pensée issue de Logique du lieu de Kitarô Nishida.
KEBERADAAN LADY BIKERS DI KOMUNITAS KLUB MOTOR INDONESIA SEBAGAI KORBAN KEJAHATAN KESUSILAAN DI JALANAN
Authors: Pradhana Arya Maulana Pandhu
Published: April 2021

Seeing the Development and growth of one ot the transportation in Indonesia, namely land transportation, it turns out thatit has significantly increased significantly, including the users of motorized vehicles, especially two-wheeled motorbikes (motorbikes). According to Article 28 E paragraph 3 of the 1945 Constitution, everyone has the right to freedom of association, assembly and expression. So that on that basis some people who have the same hobby and passion about motorbikes establish the Motorcycle Club Community Association in Indonesia. Talking about the Motorcycle Club Community reminds us of a bunch of people who like to act arrogant and anarchic on the road when touring. The existence of Lady Bikers is very interesting to discuss, because with their appearance it makes the Negative Stigma (Arrogance and Anarchy) about the Motorcycle Club Community in the eyes of the cloud community become a little dissolved and is expected to be able to color and give a soft / feminine side in the Motorcycle Club Community which generally consists of Men. On the other hand, the presence of Lady Bikers can lead to Decency Crimes on the Street.
Depression in older people during the Covid-19 curfew
Authors: DEĞER Tahsin Barış , ÇAKMAK Huri Seval , BOZKURT Emin , EMİNSOY Bedri
Published: April 2021

Purpose: Curfew was declared for the people 65 years and older to protect from the Covid-19 pandemic by the government in Turkey on 21 March 2020. The aim of this study is to determine the depression levels, factors affecting depression, concerns about Covid-19 infection, thoughts about curfew, lifestyles and ways of meeting their needs of the older adults during the curfew.

Methods: In the first method, the data of the study were collected by the researchers by contacting the relatives of our university health department students by phone or video interview, and in the second, via Google Forms by the link of the study shared on social networks and online platform and a total of 1311 older people were included. Older adult information form and Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form (GDS-15) were used. Mann Whitney–U Test, Kruskal Wallis Test and Multivariate Logistic Regression analysis were conducted.

Results: Prevalence of depression was measured as 44.2% in the participants. Being aged 85 and over, illiteracy, living alone, having chronic disease, previous psychiatric diagnosis, anxiety about infection with Covid-19 and disapprove of curfew decision significantly increased the depression levels in older adults.

Conclusion: The curfew during the Covid-19 pandemic increased the depression level in older adults compared to before the curfew.
Kebijakan Hukum Penutupan Lokalisasi Sunan Kuning dalam Penanggulangan Tindak Pidana Prostitusi Online Di Kota Semarang
Authors: Mufrohim Ook , Setiyono Joko
Published: April 2021

Prostitution is a social crime that occurs within the community. Argorejo localization or famous as Sunan Kuning is a prostitution localization located in Semarang City. The Mayor of Semarang, through his policy, closed the Sunan Kuning localization. This research shows that there are new problems due to the issuance of Criminal Law Policy related to the closure of the Sunan Kuning Prostitution Localization in Semarang City, but the policy has an impact on the proliferation of Online Prostitution in the City of Semarang which actually creates a very big danger because it can be accessed by everyone and including minors, only on the condition of having a smartphone. This research is useful for the government so that in an effort to deal with crime is going to be carried out in an integrated manner, so that the crime in eradication can really really be resolved at the root of the problem the crime arises. This research focuses more on criminal law policy in dealing with crime in an integrated manner. This research method is a Normative Juridical research method or a doctrinal research method, using a statutory and conceptual approach.
What Drives Consumer Satisfaction in Using Islamic Financial Technology?
Authors: Utami Cahyaning Budi , Slamet Slamet
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between attitude toward Islamic financial technology as specific religious attitude and consumer based brand equity as market driven variable toward consumer satisfaction in Islamic financial technology. A questionnaire was designed to collect data from users of online service of Islamic financial technology in Indonesia. Incidental sampling method was adopted to collect data from the existing users. Regression analysis was used to test the proposed research model. This study become the first research how specific religious attitudes and market driven affect the consumer satisfaction. This research is a survey-based study. Hence a representative sample is mandatory. The result show that attitude toward Islamic financial technology insignificantly influences consumer satisfaction, meanwhile the consumer based brand equity has a positive effect on consumer satisfaction.
Fin-Tech, Financial Inclusion, and Sustainability: a Quantitative Approach of Muslims SMEs
Authors: Nurohman Yulfan Arif , Kusuma Melia , Narulitasari Devi
Published: April 2021

Sustainability of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) is very important to be noted or observed. Because the majority of Indonesia�s population is Muslim and many of them are SMEs Actors. This study aim to provide empiric proves about the relation among financial technology (Fintech), financial inclusion, and sustainability muslims SMEs in Solo Raya area. This study uses quantitative approach. Analysis instrument used in this study is Partial Least Square (PLS). All data in the study are collected by handing out questionnaires to 96 SMEs owners who are Muslim chosen with accidental sampling technique. The result of this study shows that there is a positive relation between financial technology and financial inclusion. Financial technology also have positive relation toward the sustainability of SMEs. Besides that, financial inclusion also have positive relation with the sustainability of SMEs. With these results, it is expected that could give more viewpoint to the Government to give a convenient access and support the existence and sustainability of SMEs
Korean Version of the Thought-Action Fusion Scale: The Evidence for Its Psychometric Properties
Authors: Lee Seung Jae , Lee Soonhee
Published: April 2021

Objective The Thought-Action Fusion Scale (TAFS) is a self-reported instrument used to measure a cognitive bias, namely, thoughtaction fusion (TAF), in which intrusive thoughts have moral and actual consequences. The aim of this study is to investigate the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the 19-item TAFS (K-TAFS) in Korean samples.Methods In this study, 628 university students and 93 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) completed the K-TAFS and several other psychological scales. Descriptive analyses, correlations, group comparisons, and exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed.Results The results of the exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses indicated a two-factor structure with TAF-Morality and TAFLikelihood that best fits the data in the university sample. The reliability analyses showed that TAFS and its factors had excellent internal consistencies. Regarding the concurrent validity, positive correlations were observed between TAF-Likelihood and cognitive fusion, while the TAFS scores did not show any consistent correlations with other symptoms such as depression and anxiety. Compared to the university students, the OCD patients showed higher TAFS scores and their obsessive-compulsive symptoms were significantly associated with both TAF-Morality and TAF-Likelihood.Conclusion Overall, the findings of this study support the reliability and validity of the K-TAFS.
The Korean Version of Fear of COVID-19 Scale: Psychometric Validation in the Korean Population
Authors: Hwang Kyu-Sic , Choi Hye-Ji , Yang Chan-Mo , Hong Jeongwan , Lee Hye-Jin , Park Min-Cheol , Jang Seung-Ho , Lee Sang-Yeol
Published: April 2021

Objective Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has psychological effects such as anxiety and depression as well as direct infection in people. The Fear of COVID-19 scale is a scale that can measure anxiety related to COVID-19 in a short time. The purpose of this study was to verify the reliability and validity the Korean version of Fear of COVID-19 scale (KF-COVID-19S).Methods The data of total 186 normal adults and 17 patients were finally used for the statistical analysis. For internal consistency, Cronbach’s α was calculated. For concurrent and discriminant validity, the correlations with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HADS), Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15), World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment Instrument Brief Form (WHOQOLBREF) were analyzed. For construct validity, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted.Results Cronbach alpha was 0.88. The two-factor model (factor 1: Physical fear, factor 2: Emotional fear) showed significantly positive correlations and appeared to be “good” fitness (CFI=0.906, IFI=0.907, NFI=0.902).Conclusion The KF-COVID-19S can be a useful scale that can measure the physical and emotional fears associated with COVID-19 in a short time. Because the psychiatric patients are a more vulnerable group to the fear, it is thought that the KF-COVID-19S will help to determine the patient’s level of anxiety and make a therapeutic plan for the underlying mental disorder.
Nacionalismo somali: Nação e propaganda política durante o regime militar
Authors: Zablonsky Mariana Rupprecht
Published: April 2021

In 1969 Somalia, a country located in the Horn of Africa, suffered a military coup led by Siad Barre, a general who had integrated the colonial police of Somaliland and Italian Somalia. In this book we analyzed nine posters of governmental propaganda that comprise the period between 1974 -1975. The objective of this work is to discuss the construction of nationalism in the Barre Era, seeking similarities and discontinuities in relation to civil government. We use a vast historiography drawing to the maximum of local authors and theorists of the African continent. Through interdisciplinarity we aim to build a rich theoretical debate integrating anthropology, political science and history. The research used the theoretical model of historiographical analysis of Carlo Guinzburg, based on the investigation of clues in imagery sources. Elements of the local context, such as the process of decolonization of the Horn of Africa and conflicts with Ethiopia, have been emphasized, linking them to the global conjuncture of ideological conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union in the so-called Cold War. The impacts of colonialism are one of the central themes of the dissertation, so we try to demonstrate that events that occurred during colonization were fundamental to the complex puzzle that became the African continent during the 1960s and 1970s. Somalia does not escape this political panorama and the research tries to demonstrate that the posters analyzed were produced by the military government with the intention of disseminating a certain model of political regime.
A new database structure for the IHFC Global Heat Flow Database
Authors: Fuchs Sven , Beardsmore Graeme , Chiozzi Paolo , Espinoza-Ojeda Orlando Miguel , Gola Gianluca , Gosnold Will , Harris Robert , Jennings Sam , Liu Shaowen , Negrete-Aranda Raquel , Neumann Florian , Norden Ben , Poort Jeffrey , Rajver Dušan , Ray Labani , Richards Maria , Smith Jared D , Tanaka Akiko , Verdoya Massimo
Published: April 2021

Periodic revisions of the Global Heat Flow Database (GHFD) take place under the auspices of the International Heat Flow Commission (IHFC) of the International Association of Seismology and Physics of the Earth's Interior (IASPEI). A growing number of heat-flow values, advances in scientific methods, digitization, and improvements in database technologies all warrant a revision of the structure of the GHFD that was last amended in 1976. We present a new structure for the GHFD, which will provide a basis for a reassessment and revision of the existing global heat-flow data set. The database fields within the new structure are described in detail to ensure a common understanding of the respective database entries. The new structure of the database takes advantage of today's possibilities for data management. It supports FAIR and open data principles, including interoperability with external data services, and links to DOI and IGSN numbers and other data resources (e.g., world geological map, world stratigraphic system, and International Ocean Drilling Program data). Aligned with this publication, a restructured version of the existing database is published, which provides a starting point for the upcoming collaborative process of data screening, quality control and revision. In parallel, the IHFC will work on criteria for a new quality scheme that will allow future users of the database to evaluate the quality of the collated heat-flow data based on specific criteria.
Reappraisal of Heat Flow Variations in Mainland Africa
Authors: Gomes Jorge Luiz dos Santos , Vieira Fábio Pinto , Hamza Valiya Mannathal
Published: April 2021

A reappraisal of geothermal data of the mainland of Africa has been carried out based on data sets available at the IHFC website, incremented with updated information on volcanic activities of post Holocene times. Our compilation makes use of 1480 heat flow values that include 1327 observational data supplemented with 36 estimates derived from heat flow-age relation. In addition, the method of magmatic heat budget (MHB) has been employed in deriving deep crustal heat flow values for 117 for sites of recent volcanic activity, most of it located in Ethiopia. These data sets were regrouped into regular equal-area cells with dimensions of 5 x 5 degrees and subsequently employed in deriving maps of the regional distributions of heat flow and geothermal resources and interpreted on the basis of available information on tectonic setting and geological characteristics. The most prominent features are the relatively high values in the region of rift valleys in the eastern sector of the continent. High heat flow values also occur along north-south trending belts of Atlas Mountains in the north and pockets associated with the Cameroon volcanic chain on the west-central parts of the continent. The vertical distributions of temperatures were calculated for depths reaching down to 6 km. The associated resource base calculations indicate availability of high temperature resources in vast regions of the African continent.
Numerical Model to Assess the State and Increase of Temperatures in Underground Mine Galleries: A Tool to Support Heat Recovery Projects
Authors: Colombo Vitor , Dinis Maria Lurdes , Carvalho José Soeiro de
Published: April 2021

Underground mining is facing growing challenges related to the need to mine deeper and at higher temperatures, to operational expenditures associated with energy consumption, lower grade ores, environmental constraints, and social pressures. In this scenario, a new numerical model is proposed to estimate temperature increase inside mining galleries to provide specific criteria for heat recovery projects, which may consider heat extraction from abandoned mines using closed-loop geothermal systems or from operating mines using the exhaust ventilation air. This model couples different approaches from previous models and include key parameters unemployed until this moment, such as wall roughness and velocity profile modeling, what would allow for a more realistic estimation of convective heat transfer phenomena, which is critical to predicting heat exchange in ventilation air due to the turbulent nature of the airflow. The model also includes other heat sources that could be present inside galleries and should be accounted for, such as machinery, once the heat dissipated to the environment might be substantial depending on the equipment and gallery geometry. The general intention of this project is to account for every heat source that may contribute to increasing the temperature inside the gallery, so it becomes tangible to harness as much heat energy as possible, preventing energetic losses and stimulating an increase of thermodynamic efficiency in underground mining operations. The model is not validated yet with real temperature data, but preliminary results agree with the ones from previous models.
Kedudukan hukum danfungsi pemerintah
Authors: fausia Risky
Published: April 2021

Kedudukanhukum terhadappemerintahterbagimenjadiduayaitu:hukumpemerintahpadabidangpublic,Macam-macam jabatan,pemeintahKedudukanhukum pemerintahpadabidang hukum privat.Pembagianhukum publicdanprivatsebenarnya dilakukan sudah sejaklama oleh salah satu ahlihukumromawi,yaituhukum publicyangberkenaandengankesehateraanuntukbangsaromawisedangkan hukum privatmengaturtentang hubungan kekeluargaan,hinggasaatinipembagianhukum tersebutyangdilakukanolehsalahsatuahliromawiitumemeilikipengaruhyangsangatbesardalam sejarahpemikiran
Tugas Sahruni
Authors: Sahruni
Published: April 2021

Silahkan Dibaca teman online.
Fungsi Pendekatan Bimbingan dan Konseling
Authors: Nasuha
Published: April 2021

Bimbingan dan konseling adalah pelayanan bantuan untuk peserta didik, baik secara perorangan maupun kelompok agar mandiri dan bisa berkembang secara optimal, dalam bimbingan pribadi, sosial, belajar maupun karier melalui berbagai jenis layanan dan kegiatan pendukung berdaarkan norma-norma yang berlaku (SK Mendikbud No. 025/D/1995).
Trade-off in antibody escape and ACE2 binding of the SARS-Cov2 spike protein generates new variants which should ideally be lesser efficient, transmissible and pathogenic
Authors: Chakraborty Sandeep
Published: April 2021

A recent spate of reports of variants of concern (VOC) of SARS-Cov2 have arisen in different countries [1, 2](https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/cases-updates/variant-surveillance/variant-info.html). While, such mutations will undoubtedly escape previous antibodies [3,4], these are also constrained by the SARS- Cov2 spike protein’s (SCSP) interaction with the ACE2 protein [5]. Thus, these variants may turn out to be lesser efficient in cell-entry and thus replication. The fast declining cases South Africa after the detection of variants suggest this might be true. Furthermore, antibodies to other viral proteins and cell-mediated immunity (T-cells) also provide protection against these variants.
Sejarah Konsep Pemikiran Merkantilisme
Authors: Adilah Azizah Nur
Published: April 2021

Paham Merkantilisme telah ada dan mulai berkembang pada abad ke-16 higga abad ke-17 M di Eropa. Beberapa tokoh pemikir dalam Merkantilisme adalah Jean Bodin (1530-1596), Thomas Mun (1571-1641), Jean Baptiste Colbert (1619-1683), Sir William Petty (1623-1687). Pemikiran Merkantilisme ini banyak membahas terkait perdagangan luar negeri dan posesi negara terhadap kekayaan emas dan komoditi lainnya.
PERSEPSI SISWA TERHADAP AZAS KERAHASIAAN DALAM BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING
Authors: Khoirianisa
Published: April 2021

Bimbingan dan konseling sangat penting di sekolah karena bimbingan dan konseling merupakan usaha membantu murid-murid agar dapat memahami dirinya, yaitu potensi dan kelemahan-kelemahan diri. Usaha membantu itu merupakan usaha profesional yang memerlukan pengetahuan dan keterampilan yang khusus, dan kepribadian yang sesuai untuk profesi tersebut. Di sekolah sangat diperlukan seorang guru bimbingan dan konseling. Karena dengan itu dapat membantu peserta didik dalam menyelesaikan permsalah yang sedang dihadapi. Untuk itu, agar peserta didik mau untuk melaksanakan konsleing maka perlu seorang guru BK memberikan orientasi yang tepat, khusunya dalam menjelaskan azs kerahasiaan dalam bimbingan dan konseling.
JENIS-JENIS LAYANAN BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING DI MA DARUL IHSAN KOTA MAKASSAR
Authors: Fajrin Muh Fadli
Published: April 2021

Memperbincangkan etika merupakan suatu hal yang selalu menarik dan tidak pernah berakhir, karena etika merupakan aturan yang sangat penting dalam tatanan kehidupan manusia. Tanpa etika atau moralitas, manusia akan meninggalkan hati nuraninya. Manusia tidak dapat membedakan mana yang baik dan mana yang tidak baik. sebagai makhluk yang memiliki kemampuan berpikir, manusia memiliki kedudukan khusus di antara makhluk lain. Dengan pengetahuan yang dimilikinya manusia berpotensi melakukan dan memikirkan apapun yang ada di sekitarnya. Perkembangan pengetahuan manusia berawal dari rasa ingin tahu yang kuat untuk mencari kebenaran dengan menyingkap realitas yang ada di sekitarnya. Kemampuan penyingkapan misteri yang ingin diketahui manusia merupakan anugerah Allah dalam bentuk potensi akal yang brilian. Dengan akalnya juga manusia mampu membedakan mana yang baik dan yang buruk serta bermanfaat bagi kehidupan.
Childhood roots of being green: Environmental morality and behavior in children and adults
Authors: Stern Jessica A , Yucel Meltem , Grossmann Tobias , Vaish Amrisha
Published: April 2021

How do environmental morality and sustainable behavior emerge in childhood? We examined individuals’ moral judgments of environmental actions and their observed sustainable behavior in an environmental trade-off task in a sample of N = 555 young adults (Study 1) and N = 45 children ages 3–10 (Study 2). We show that both children and adults viewed pro-environmental behavior positively and environmental harm negatively—even if the action was sanctioned by an authority figure; however, both children’s and adults’ judgments of actions impacting other people were stronger than judgments of actions impacting the environment. Among children, negative judgments of environmental harm strengthened with age, as did their preference to befriend a pro-environmental character. Sustainable behavior was associated with judgments of environmental harm among adults, but with judgments of pro-environmental actions among children. These findings point to both developmental continuity and change in environmental morality and behavior.
Psychological Factors Shaping Public Responses to COVID-19 Digital Contact Tracing Technologies in Germany
Authors: Kozyreva Anastasia , Lorenz-Spreen Philipp , Lewandowsky Stephan , Garrett Paul Michael , Herzog Stefan Michael , Pachur Thorsten , Hertwig Ralph
Published: April 2021

Please cite the published version: Kozyreva, A., Lorenz-Spreen, P., Lewandowsky, S. et al. Psychological factors shaping public responses to COVID-19 digital contact tracing technologies in Germany. Sci Rep 11, 18716 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98249-5 Abstract: Digital contact-tracing technologies are being used for epidemiological purposes at scale for the first time in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. This poses challenges for governments aiming at high and efficient uptake and for people weighing the advantages (e.g., public health) against the potential risks (e.g., loss of data privacy) of these unprecedented measures. Our cross-sectional survey with repeated measures across four samples in Germany (N = 4,357) focused on public perceptions of digital contact-tracing technologies and related attitudes toward privacy. We found that public acceptance of potential privacy-encroaching measures decreased over time. Levels of acceptability were high for all three hypothetical tracking apps representing a range of privacy encroachments. Intentions to download the actual tracking app (the Corona-Warn-App) that became available during our study were also high. However, this did not directly translate into actual uptake. Our results point to the crucial roles of trust in government and in the app's security, as well as of concerns about the app's effectiveness. A conflict between prosocial intentions and personal benefit on the one hand, and lack of trust in data security and the app's effectiveness on the other, are at the heart of people's decisions about whether to use digital contact-tracing technologies.
Different planning policies for the initial movement velocity depending on whether the known uncertainty is in the cursor or in the target: Motor planning in situations where two potential movement distances exist
Authors: Onagawa Ryoji , Mukai Kae , Kudo Kazutoshi
Published: April 2021

During goal-directed behaviors, individuals are required to start a movement before deciding on the final goal. Previous studies have focused on the initial movement direction in situations involving multiple targets in different directions from the starting position and have shown that the movement is initiated in the average direction among the target directions. However, the previous studies only included situations with targets at equivalent distances, and the characteristics of motor planning in situations with multiple movement possibilities over different potential distances are unclear. In such situations, movement velocity is another important control variable. Furthermore, while previous studies examined situations with an uncertain motor target, uncertainty can also exist in the effector (e.g., body or tool locations). Therefore, we examined (1) whether the average output is confirmed in the initial movement velocity during execution in situations involving two potential movements with different distances. In addition, we examined (2) whether planning of the movement velocity can differ depending on the presence of uncertainty in the cursor or the target. In the main conditions, the participants were required to start a reaching movement with two potential movement distances; in the two-cursor condition, two cursors were presented before the start of the trial, and in the two-target condition, two targets were presented. As a control condition, a distance condition corresponding to each main condition was also performed. In the control condition, the initial movement velocity varied linearly with distance. Then, we tested whether the initial movement velocity in situations with two potential movement distances would follow the averaging output of the corresponding control condition. The results revealed that while the initial movement velocity in the two-target condition was slower than the averaging output, that in the two-cursor condition approached the averaging output. These results suggest that the velocity profile of the goal-directed movement is not simply averaged in a situation where two potential targets exist, and that there is a difference in the planning policy of the initial movement depending on whether the known uncertainty is for the movement goal or the effector.
Computational options for standard errors and test statistics with incomplete normal and nonnormal data in SEM
Authors: Savalei Victoria , Rosseel Yves
Published: April 2021

This article provides an overview of different computational options for inference following normal theory maximum likelihood (ML) estimation in structural equation modeling (SEM) with incomplete normal and nonnormal data. Complete data are covered as a special case. These computational options include whether the information matrix is observed or expected, whether the observed information matrix is estimated numerically or using an analytic asymptotic approximation, and whether the information matrix and the outer product matrix of the score vector are evaluated at the saturated or at the structured estimates. A variety of different standard errors and robust test statistics become possible by varying these options. We review the asymptotic properties of these computational variations, and we show how to obtain them using lavaan in R. We hope that this article will encourage methodologists to study the impact of the available computational options on the performance of standard errors and test statistics in SEM.
Changes in fertility plans during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy: the role of occupation and income vulnerability
Authors: Arpino Bruno , LUPPI FRANCESCA , Rosina Alessandro
Published: April 2021

The health and economic crisis generated by the COVID-19 pandemic is unprecedented in recent human history. We investigate the role of objective and subjective indicators of economic uncertainty due to the COVID-19 crisis in young Italians’ fertility plans during the year 2020. We use unique repeated cross-sectional data, collected at different time points during the pandemic (March and October/November 2020) together with pre-COVID data (2016). The data offer a standard fertility intention question pre- and during-COVID, and also a direct question on whether pre-COVID fertility plans have been confirmed, postponed or abandoned. We find that individuals with more vulnerable occupations show a lower probability of definitely intending to have a(nother) child in the short-term and a higher probability of having abandoned their pre-COVID fertility plan in March 2020, while in October 2020 changes in fertility plans did not vary by occupation. Instead, those who suffered from a negative income shock and those with negative expectations on their future income and occupation are more likely to abandon their pre-pandemic fertility plan compared to their better off counterparts, and these differences hold both in March and October. Overall, economic uncertainty generated by the pandemic seems to have similarly affected men and women’s fertility intentions. Our findings point to the fact that the unequal economic consequences of the pandemic also produced and will produce heterogeneous effects on fertility intentions.
Caught by Surprise: The Adaptation of Parental Expectations after Unexpected Ability Track Placement
Authors: Forster Andrea Gabriele
Published: April 2021

The study examines the adaptation of educational expectations. It focuses on the expectations that parents have of their children during the transition from primary to secondary school in Germany. During this transition, students are placed into different ability tracks. It is examined whether parents react to this information about their child's achievement by adjusting their educational expectations or whether their expectations are nonreactive to the achievement information conveyed by track placement. It is hypothesized that parents are more likely to adapt their expectations regarding final educational attainment if their child's track placement is not consistent with the expectations that they held before the track placement was known. Furthermore, SES differences in this adjustment process are expected as parents of different social status have different orientations towards achievement information.The study uses data from the National Educational Panel Study (NEPS), Starting Cohort~2 and focuses on the years between the third grade of primary school and fifth grade, which is the first year of secondary school. This means that students and parents can be followed across the moment in the academic career at which track placement happens. Furthermore, the variations in the tracking decisions across the German federal states is used to examine how the adaptation of parents' expectations is affected based on how much influence parents have on track placement. Two-way fixed effect models are employed to model the change of expectations between the two time points in the data. The results show that low-SES parents do adjust their expectations more strongly downward when their children receive a lower track placement than expected; however, high-SES parents maintain their high expectations even in light of such negative achievement information. High- and low-SES parents do not significantly differ in their expectation adjustment if their children's track placement is higher than their previous expectations.
Social Inequality in Student Expectations and Higher Education Enrollment - A Comparison between the United States and Germany
Authors: Forster Andrea Gabriele , Chmielewski Anna Katyn , van de Werfhorst Herman Gerbert
Published: April 2021

We examine the link between student expectations and educational attainment. While a close link between expectations and final educational attainment is assumed in thestatus attainment literature, a growing body of US literature has claimed that expectations have become increasingly unrealistic and decoupled from actual outcomes. However, this claim has rarely been investigated longitudinally on the individual level or beyond the context of the United States. We investigate the relationship for two educational systems with different institutional configurations: The United States and Germany. For Germany, we use data from the National Educational Panel Study (NEPS, Starting Cohort 4). For the US, we rely on data from the High School Longitudinal Study (HSLS, 2009). We find that the level of expectations is overall much higher in the US; however, we also find that the gap between SES groups is larger in the US. Furthermore, we find that the students in these two countries do not differ much in terms of the probability that they will realize their expectations. Additionally, the SES gradient of realization is fairly similar across the different institutional contexts. Finally, we also find that expectations do mediate a substantial part of the effect of SES on higher
Solanum xanthocarpum and Acacia catechu Willd- An Ayurvedic Soothe: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors:   Post-graduate, Department of Periodontics, S.D.M College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, Karnataka – 580009, India, Joshi Shilpa G. , Shettar Leena G. ,   Professor, Department of Periodontics, S.D.M College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, Karnataka – 580009, India, Agnihotri Pradeep S. ,   Professor, Department of RS and BK, Ayurveda Mahavidyalaya, Heggeri, Hubli, Karnataka, India, Acharya Anirudh B. ,   University of Sharjah College of Dentistry, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, University City, Sharjah, AE, Thakur Srinath L. ,   Professor, Department of Periodontics, S.D.M College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
Published: April 2021

Background: Periodontitis is mainly a microbial disease which commences on accumulation of plaque. Conventional mechanical therapy comprising of scaling in addition to chemical plaque control offers greater benefits to reduce plaque and associated gingivitis. Hence, in our study we have considered the use of relatively safe herbal compounds as an adjunct to scaling. Aims & Objectives of the study were, 1.To assess the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties of two herbal mouthrinses (Solanum xanthocarpum and Acacia catechu Willd) and 2. Compare the efficacy of herbal mouthrinses with Chlorhexidine (Gold standard). Methods: A total of 75 patients diagnosed with moderate to severe gingivitis were randomly assigned to 3 groups. The three groups were group A, Chlorhexidine mouthrinse, group B Solanum xanthocarpum mouthrinse and group C, Acacia catechu mouthrinse. This was a triple blinded study where random allocation was done by coin method. After scaling the clinical parameters namely plaque index, gingival index and sulcus bleeding index were recorded for all the three groups. Individuals were instructed to rinse with their respective mouthwash twice daily. The PI, GI and Sulcus Bleeding Index were recorded at baseline, 14th day and 21st day. Results: There was statistical significant difference in three groups in relation to GI, PI and SBI indices. Group C showed statistically significant difference in all the parameters. Conclusion: Acacia catechu and Solanum xanthocarpum were effective as antibacterial and anti-inflammatory agents. Acacia catechu showed better results than Chlorhexidine.