bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPACT OF THE FAMILY HEALTH STRATEGY ON REDUCING INFANT MORTALITY IN BRAZILIAN RURAL COMMUNITIES: ADVANCED ANALYSIS AND FUTURE PROPOSALS
Authors: Alves Dias Bruno
Published: December 2024

The Family Health Strategy (FHS) is a core policy of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS), playing a crucial role in reducing health inequalities in Brazil. This study evaluates the impact of the FHS on reducing infant mortality in rural communities between 2000 and 2020. Using data from DATASUS and advanced statistical analyses, a significant 25.4% reduction in infant mortality rates was observed in municipalities with high FHS coverage, compared to a 10.8% reduction in those with low coverage. The decline was more pronounced in post-neonatal mortality, highlighting the effectiveness of preventive interventions and home care. However, challenges such as inadequate infrastructure and cultural barriers limit the full impact of the strategy. It is concluded that the FHS is essential for health equity and should be strengthened to meet the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially in remote areas.
INFLUENCE DU CHAMP MAGNETIQUE ET DE LA PROFONDEUR DE LA BASE SUR LA PUISSANCE ET LE RENDEMENT OBTENUS DUNE PHOTOPILE (N+/P) AU SILICIUM A JONCTIONS VERTICALES CONNECTEES EN PARALLELE SOUS ECLAIREMENT POLYCHROMATIQUEEN REGIME STATIQUE
Authors:   Groupe International de Recherche en Energie Renouvelable (GIRER). BP. 15003, Dakar, Senegal., Ibra Ngom Moussa , Ndiasse Dione Gilbert ,   Groupe International de Recherche en Energie Renouvelable (GIRER). BP. 15003, Dakar, Senegal.,   Ecole Polytechnique de Thies, BP A10, Thies, Senegal., Loum Khady ,   Groupe International de Recherche en Energie Renouvelable (GIRER). BP. 15003, Dakar, Senegal.,   Institut Universitaire de Technologie. Universite Iba Der THIAM de Thies-Senegal., Thiame Moustapha ,   Groupe International de Recherche en Energie Renouvelable (GIRER). BP. 15003, Dakar, Senegal.,   Universite Assane SECK, Ziguinchor, Senegal., Habiboullah Elhevid Lemrabott ,   Groupe International de Recherche en Energie Renouvelable (GIRER). BP. 15003, Dakar, Senegal.,   Groupe International de Recherche en Energie Renouvelable (GIRER). BP. 15003, Dakar, Senegal., Sissoko Gregoire ,   Groupe International de Recherche en Energie Renouvelable (GIRER). BP. 15003, Dakar, Senegal.
Published: December 2024

Une etude theorique de la photopile (n+/p) au silicium a jonctions verticalesconnectees en parallele, en regime statique sous eclairement polychromatique et sous champ magnetique est presentee. La resolution de lequation de magneto-transport relative a la densite des porteurs minoritaires dans la base a permis de deduire les expressions du photocourant, de la phototension , de la puissance et du rendement de conversion en fonction du champ magnetique et de la profondeur z de la base. Les caracteristiques courant-tension, puissance-tension et puissance-vitesse de recombinaison a la jonction, ont permis de determiner graphiquement le photocourant (Iphmax) et la phototension (Vphmax) correspondant au point de puissance maximale (P( ))puis en deduire le rendement de conversion pour differentes valeurs du champ magnetique et de la profondeur z.
El indicio: un paradigma del razonamiento probatorio
Authors: Ortega Botina Victor Camilo
Published: December 2024

El presente artículo de investigación tiene por objetivo analizar la naturaleza, el alcance y los límites del indicio como medio de prueba en el proceso judicial colombiano.
Para este fin, se examinará, en primer término, su papel como método teleológico para la búsqueda y averiguación de la verdad. En segundo lugar, se analizarán, a través de un enfoque comparativo, los criterios y herramientas para la construcción de la prueba indiciaria presentes en la legislación peruana y su relación con la jurisprudencia colombiana.
Finalmente, se ofrecerá una reflexión crítica sobre el debate en torno a la autonomía del indicio como medio de prueba, revelando y evaluando los argumentos a favor y en contra. Todo ello abordado mediante un enfoque cualitativo por medio del cual se desarrolla una investigación descriptiva, orientada al análisis teórico de la prueba indiciaria, especificando e indicando su importancia en el Proceso Judicial.
En torno a la elección del Fiscal General de la Nación en Colombia: ¿es discriminatoria una terna presidencial de solo mujeres?
Authors: Caballero-Cañas Carlos Andrés , Cotes-Manjarrez Fabio Andrés
Published: December 2024

En Colombia, ha sido cuestionada la terna presidencial para ocupar el cargo de Fiscal General de la Nación durante el período 2024-2028. Se cree que, al estar conformada solo por mujeres y no proponer a ningún hombre, incurre en discriminación; por ende, en violación del principio de igualdad. Este artículo de reflexión pretende cuestionar este cuestionamiento. Para tal efecto, ofrece tres razones a favor de la no-discriminación de la actual terna presidencial. Primero, plantea que tal terna constituye una distinción de tratamiento no necesariamente discriminatoria. Segundo, establece que tal terna corrige parcialmente la injusticia histórica de la mujer en los escenarios de participación y elección. Tercero, pone de relieve que tal terna implica una acción afirmativa o medida positiva. Por último, y no por ello menos importante, invita al lector a re-direccionar el debate público hacia otros temas relacionados con ternas presidenciales y elección del Fiscal General que sí merecen una mayor atención, tales como, por ejemplo, la determinación de las causas que expliquen la tendencia de la Corte Suprema de Justicia a elegir hombres en lugar de mujeres, la incorporación de otros grupos históricamente minoritarios y la institucionalización de un concurso público de méritos.
El derecho fundamental a morir dignamente en Colombia: un análisis desde sus razones filosófico-jurídicas
Authors: Franco Noreña David Esteban
Published: December 2024

El derecho fundamental a la muerte digna, es un asunto de gran sensibilidad social que despierta importantes discusiones en la actualidad no solo a nivel ético y médico, sino también filosófico y jurídico. Se presenta un artículo de reflexión como resultado de una investigación que tuvo por objetivo principal analizar cuáles han sido las razones filosófico-jurídicas que han conducido a la Corte Constitucional a reconocer la existencia del mencionado derecho. Así, en este texto se exponen los hallazgos obtenidos fruto de una investigación cualitativa realizada alrededor de un análisis que abordó las providencias de la Corte, en donde se expresan las razones que motivaron a este tribunal a reconocerlo. En los resultados, se muestra como la relación del derecho fundamental a morir dignamente con otros derechos de este mismo rango y con categorías como la autonomía, se erigen como razones de contenido filosófico-jurídico que han dado lugar a su reconocimiento.
Smart Labor Contracts: alcances y limitaciones en el sistema jurídico colombiano
Authors: Rueda Lázaro Jesús Manuel , Casadiego Santana Martín Humberto , Jácome Márquez Maira Alejandra
Published: December 2024

El avance de las nuevas tecnologías y su permeabilidad en las ciencias jurídicas dio origen a una tecnología automatizable denominada “Smart Contracts” o contratos inteligentes, que aplicados al ámbito legal se denominan “Legal Smart Contract”, los cuales obedecen a una tecnología disruptiva de ejecución automática contractual que funciona a base de Blockchain. En la estructura piramidal normativa no existe una fuente formal robusta que, conforme al sistema positivista, garantice un régimen de responsabilidad sólido frente a los riesgos de estas nuevas tecnologías; no obstante, conforme al principio de neutralidad tecnológica es viable su aplicabilidad, atendiendo el deber de garantía que tiene el Estado en el uso de las Tic’s, empero, en materia laboral no hay consenso sobre su uso, en atención a los perjuicios que estas pueden causar en las relaciones laborales. Por lo anterior, este artículo realiza un análisis de esta nueva tecnología contractual, así como de los contratos laborales, con el objetivo principal de determinar los argumentos normativos que sustenten la aplicabilidad, alcances y limitaciones de esta tecnología disruptiva en los contratos laborales. Lo anterior, se desarrolló a partir de la dogmática y hermenéutica jurídica, con un enfoque cualitativo, aplicando métodos de interpretación como el exegético y sistemático, para abordar el tema objeto de investigación, mediante la revisión documental según la doctrina y la jurisprudencia en Colombia. Finalmente, esta investigación concluye en que los contratos laborales no pueden ser ejecutados por Legal Smart Contracts, atendiendo la imposibilidad de autoejecutabilidad de los requisitos requeridos por el Código Sustantivo del Trabajo, el objeto del derecho laboral y el poder dominante del empleador en la relación laboral.
Análisis de la revisión popular de las decisiones judiciales a favor de las minorías poblacionales en Colombia
Authors: Acosta Luis
Published: December 2024

Dentro del Estado Social de Derecho pluralista y democrático que rige a Colombia, ha surgido una postura en contra como la del “Estado de opinión” que a razones históricas ha tenido sendas repercusiones en las violaciones a Derechos Humanos y a las minorías poblacionales en Colombia. Intentaremos sustentar con un análisis científico las principales características de ambas posturas y su implicación en la democracia colombiana. En primera instancia se traerá a colación algunos conceptos teóricos sobre lo que significa tener un Derecho Fundamental y las principales garantías constitucionales que fueron reconocidas por los constituyentes hacia las minorías en 1991. En segundo lugar, identificar en declaraciones públicas y periodísticas la propuesta del Estado de opinión del sector político que la propone, para poder teorizar desde los doctrinantes esta postura, la cual está a favor del Control Constitucional de manera Popular.  En tercer lugar por razones de optimización del tiempo y especificidad en el análisis, nos centraremos entonces en los avances jurisprudenciales de los derechos de los grupos minoritarios comunidad LGBTI+ y trabajadoras sexuales. Con el fin de evidenciar también la postura del Estado Social de Derecho y la progresión de su Control Constitucional de manera Judicial. Como cuarto ítem o parte del análisis, discutiremos sobre los datos obtenidos de las encuestas realizadas a un grupo poblacional escogido de manera aleatoriamente, en donde las preguntas fueron relacionadas con la temática ampliamente expuesta en los párrafos anteriores, realizadas con el fin de evidenciar posturas acerca de esta problemática de manera práctica de parte de una muestra de la población colombiana. Finalmente estableceremos conclusiones.
The #malayalambookstagram: Identity and Literacy in Shared Acts of Reading on Social Media
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of English, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Hyderabad, K J Gouthaman
Published: December 2024

The paper analyzes select images from Instagram with the hashtag #malayalambookstagram. Reliant on the theory of visual grammar and social semiotic theories about selfies and hashtags, the study demonstrates that the hashtag is used with many images that do not represent books or reading. The hashtag is reanalyzed in social media to include other ‘values’ because the language name ‘Malayalam’ indexes the ‘Malayali’ linguistic identity and recontextualizes the book-related discourse to an identity-centric domain. The paper explores Malayali linguistic identity in connection with Kerala’s achievements in social development and the community’s attitude towards it. Literacy, reading and print culture, crucial to the formation and sustenance of Malayali subnationalism, have mediated the meanings ascribed to the linguistic identity. The paper concludes that the close relationship of Malayali identity with books and reading is vital for the recontextualization of book-reviewing discourse in social media to an identity-centric discourse.
Argument Patterns in Telugu Complex Predicates: Noun + Light Verb Combinations
Authors:   Associate Professor, Dept. of English and Foreign Languages, Sagi Rama Krishnam Raju Engineering College (A), Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India, Nadimpalli Satish Kumar , Tata Sujani ,   Associate Professor, Dept. of Basic Sciences, Sri Vasavi Engineering College (A), Tadepalligudem, Andhra Pradesh, India
Published: December 2024

Dravidian languages, spoken mostly in the Southern part of India, abound in multi-verbal constructions, which are now called Complex Predicates (CPs). A CP is a multiword compound that acts as a single verb with a Light Verb (LV) as an integral part. LVs significantly determine the argument structure and the meaning of the entire CP construction. They contribute a wide range of semantic values in combination with the preverbal elements of the CPs (Hook 1991, 1993, Butt 1995). Regarding Noun (N) +LV CPs, all N+LV constructions are not CPs. Noun Incorporation (NI) structures are a similar and wide phenomenon present across language families. These NIs are also composed of the same N+V constituents. Baker (1988) assumes a set of defining characteristics for NIs, which falls short for languages like Telugu and Kannada that have rich morpho-syntactic features, allowing multi-word constructions. The present study proposes some more criteria for differentiating CPs from NIs. The composition of the argument structure is also determined by the combinatorial possibilities of the constituents in an N +LV CP. The present study will also examine whether the N+LV type can be subcategorized for clausal arguments in Dravidian Languages, with Telugu data serving as a case in point. Moreover, it finds out what clauses the N+LV CPs subcategorize for and how the LVs play a role in determining the transitive value and argument/thematic structure of the whole sentence. This study would eventually contribute to the universality of CPs in particular and to the Universal Grammar at large.
Marketing and Communication Strategies in the Face of Media Influence During Image Crisis in Tourist Destinations
Authors: Maria de Lana Pinto Gabriela , Dos Santos Oliveira Elielton , Lescura Carolina , Carvalho Gonçalves Knupp Marcos Eduardo
Published: December 2024

This study addresses the marketing and communication strategies adopted by the public authorities of Ouro Preto in response to adverse news resulting from mining dam collapses in the region, and how these strategies influence the formation of the tourist destination's imagery. Ouro Preto is a historically and culturally significant tourist destination of international relevance, with tourism playing a crucial role in the local economy. Events such as the mining dam collapses in the region prompt reflections on crisis management and the media's influence on shaping the destination's image. The objectives include understanding the marketing and communication strategies employed by the public authorities of Ouro Preto in the face of adverse news, as well as the media's influence on the formation of the tourist destination's imagery. The study is qualitative in nature and is based on a literature review, analysis of interviews with representatives from both public authorities and the private sector, as well as an analysis of the main headlines disseminated by the media. The results analyze the marketing strategies adopted by the Ouro Preto municipal government and the main news headlines associated with the city's name, providing insights into how destinations face and respond to crisis situations, while also contributing to a broader understanding of decision-making processes and visitor perception.
Habilidades sociais das elites na administração pública: Um estudo na justiça federal em mossoró/rn
Authors:   , Gomes Anara Luana Nunes
Published: December 2024

A história da administração pública brasileira abriga também a história das elites, grupos de indivíduos detentores de poder, riqueza e elevado status social. Desde o Império até a República pós Constituição de 1988, as elites se fazem presentes na administração pública brasileira, passando pelo patrimonialismo, burocracia até o gerencialismo. Neste trabalho, a presença de elites na administração pública, especificamente na esfera judiciaria federal local, permitiu a hipótese de que é possível identificar e compreender como e que recursos estes “grupos de poder” utilizam para a sua reprodução. Assim, o objetivo estabelecido neste trabalho foi discutir e identificar as habilidades sociais da elite da administração pública judiciária federal em Mossoró/RN. Para isso, buscou-se relacionar teoricamente elites, campos, habitus e habilidades sociais; descrever a trajetória da administração pública brasileira quanto aos modelos de gestão e seu relacionamento com o conceito de elite; e identificar e caracterizar a elite pública da Justiça Federal em Mossoró/RN. Quanto ao método, foi realizada uma pesquisa social do tipo descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa, utilizando-se a técnica da pesquisa bibliográfica para levantamento do referencial teórico, e posteriormente entrevistas semiestruturadas para coleta dos dados junto aos três Juízes titulares que atuam na Justiça Federal em Mossoró, classificados neste estudo como elite. A análise dos dados coletados foi feita à luz dos conceitos de “habilidades sociais”, proposto por Neil Fligstein, bem como de “campos”, “habitus” e “poder simbólico” da obra de Pierre Bourdieu, evitando, assim, generalizações. Foram identificadas, nas entrevistas, as seguintes habilidades sociais dos Juízes: ser cordial, assumir o papel de gestor, desenvolver uma gestão democrática e baseada em metas e recompensas, elogiar e engrandecer a organização Justiça Federal e os seus servidores, ser acessível, criar identidades ou novos quadros culturais e institucionalizar esses padrões criados. Essas ações foram classificadas como habilidades sociais por induzirem a cooperação no campo e favorecerem a reprodução desta elite, e tal constatação confirma a hipótese levantada no estudo.
Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Induction of Peptic Ulcer: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Badapanda Saswat Swarup , Kaur Amanjot , Jain Divya , Bhatia Deepika
Published: December 2024

Peptic ulcers have a significant impact on global mortality and morbidity rates. The primary causative factors explored in this review include H.
pylori infection, unhealthy lifestyle choices, and the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Addressing this pressing health issue
requires raising awareness and developing novel medications and therapies, which necessitates further research. This article encompasses a wide
range of information on peptic ulcers, covering their epidemiology, etiological factors, pathogenesis, antiulcer agents, synthetic compounds, and
experimental animal models. It serves as a valuable resource for researchers, healthcare professionals, and policymakers by providing a
comprehensive overview of peptic ulcer disease. The review emphasizes the critical role of experimental animal models in advancing our
understanding of the disease and facilitating the development of novel treatments. By utilizing these models, researchers can gain deeper insights
into the pathogenesis of peptic ulcers and evaluate potential therapeutic interventions. Furthermore, this review highlights the need for continued
research efforts to address the challenges posed by peptic ulcer disease. By fostering awareness, promoting research, and encouraging the
implementation of effective therapies, we can collectively strive towards reducing the burden of peptic ulcer disease and improving the health and
well-being of individuals worldwide.
Therapeutic Potential of Alkaloids to Combat Breast Cancer: A Mechanistic Overview
Authors: Eswaran Anupriya , Sirasanagandla Srinivasa Rao , Veeraraghavan Vishnu Priya , Jayaraman Selvaraj
Published: December 2024

Breast cancer remains a major global health concern, ranking among the leading causes
of illness and mortality in women worldwide. Despite the effectiveness of conventional treatments
such as surgery, chemotherapy (CT), endocrine therapy (ET), radiation therapy (RT), and
targeted therapies, these approaches often fall short in providing a cure for advanced-stage patients
and frequently result in adverse side effects. This limitation drives the ongoing search for
therapeutic natural compounds with minimal or no side effects. Alkaloids, in particular, have garnered
attention for their broad spectrum of therapeutic properties against various malignancies,
including breast cancer. The objective of this review is to systematically evaluate the therapeutic
potential of 14 selected alkaloids that have been tested in in vitro and some in vivo models of
breast cancer along by focusing on their mechanistic actions targeting key molecular signaling
pathways involved in breast cancer progression. Majorly, the capability of alkaloids to induce cell
cycle arrest, pro-apoptotic mechanisms via modulating various molecular signaling pathways
were discussed. Notably, pathways such as the intrinsic and extrinsic mitochondrial apoptotic
pathways, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, RAS/RAF/MEK/MAPK, Wnt/β-catenin, and NF-κB cascades were
highlighted. Insights into conclusion the isoquinoline and indole derivatives, particularly berberine,
piperine, capsaicin, matrine, and harmine, have demonstrated significant potential effects and
these compounds also exhibited the ability to overcome drug resistance, and shown synergistic
effects with conventional therapies. Finally, this comprehensive review could provide an overall
insight into the application of these alkaloid compounds towards the prevention of breast cancer
and a foundation for future studies aimed at improving their clinical effectiveness, offering valuable
prospects.
Docking Investigations Targeting Receptors 2AZ5 and 5KIR, along with the Synthesis and Pharmacological Assessment of Derivatives of 7-Hydroxy-4-Methyl Coumarin
Authors: Gupta Sakshi , Sahoo Nalini Kanta , Kaur Komalpreet , Gupta Jahanvi , Singh Anita , Pargaien Amrita Verma
Published: December 2024

Background:

Inflammation, a crucial defense mechanism of the immune system, seeks
to safeguard and restore tissue equilibrium in response to tissue damage or infection by pathogens.
Key indicators of inflammation include redness, discomfort, swelling, warmth, and impaired
function. However, unmanaged inflammation can lead to serious health issues.

Objective:

The aim of this research work is to perform docking studies to find out the potent antiinflammatory
activity of various moieties (Schiff bases, hydrazones, and amino acid) derivatives,
which are attached to C-8 of 7-hydroxy-4-methyl coumarins. Also, the synthesized compounds
were characterized and their pharmacological evaluation (in-vitro and in-vivo study) was conducted.

Methods:

Lipinski's Rule of Five assessed drug-likeness for each designed molecule. Molecular
docking with COX-2 protein was conducted using AutoDock vina to identify the highest-scoring
molecule. Various novel coumarin derivatives, which include Schiff bases, hydrazone, and amino
acid derivatives (F, G, and H, respectively) were prepared by inserting the formyl group at the C-
8 position of 7- hydroxy-4-methyl coumarin. At first, the docking studies were performed against
2AZ5 and 5KIR receptors to find the activity against inflammation. Also, the compounds with the
best dock scores were synthesized and elucidated by FT-IR, 1H- NMR, and Mass spectroscopy.
Moreover, a series of novel derivatives were screened in in-vitro and in-vivo to evaluate the potent
anti-inflammatory activity.

Results:

All the novel derivatives, which were synthesized have been found to show potent antiinflammatory
activity by in-vitro and in-vivo evaluation. Among all the derivatives, compound F1
showed the highest inhibitory effect against TNF-α and COX-2 enzymes.

Conclusion:

Our result exhibited potential anti-inflammatory activity of the novel coumarin
compounds, especially the substituted anilines and amino acids at C8 of the coumarin moiety,
which works against TNF- α and COX-2 enzyme.
Exploring Therapeutic Potential of Hydrotropic Solid Dispersions of Hesperidin and Naringenin for the Management of Diabetes and Obesity
Authors: Arora Bhawna , Lather Viney , Pathalingappa Mallikarjuna Bandrehalli , Singh Amarjeet , Walia Ramanpreet
Published: December 2024

The preclinical antidiabetic and anti-obesity potential of hydrotropic solid dispersions
of hesperidin and naringenin was investigated in streptozotocin [STZ]/nicotinamide [NIC]-induced
diabetic rats on a high-fat diet. The hydrotropic solid dispersions showed significant
glycemic control, insulin sensitivity, and lipid profiles while reducing body weight, adipose tissue
mass, and inflammatory markers. These formulations showed superior efficacy over pure compounds,
likely due to enhanced solubility compared to the pure drugs. Findings suggested that hesperidin
and naringenin hydrotropic solid dispersions are promising agents for showing antihyperglycemic,
antidyslipidemic, and cardiac function-improving potential in high-fat diet/STZ-induced
type 2 diabetic rats, supporting their potential clinical application as adjunct therapies. These findings
support the utility of the tested samples in clinical applications as an adjunct therapy.
Integrating Deep Learning and Molecular Dynamics to Identify GPR17 Ligands for Glioblastoma Therapy
Authors: Ramalakshmi Satyanarayana , Priya Selvaraj Sathya , Senthil Renganathan , Anand Thirunavukarasou , Saravanan Konda Mani
Published: December 2024

Background:

Guanine Protein-coupled Receptor 17 (GPR17) plays pivotal roles in various
physiological processes and diseases. However, the discovery of ligands binding to GPR17 remains
an active area of research.

Methods:

In this study, we utilized our recently published GPCR-specific deep learning approach,
molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations. Specifically, the DeepGPCR model, employing
graph convolutional networks, was used to screen the extensive ZINC database for potential
ligands.

Results:

This computational pipeline identified three highly promising lead compounds,
ZINC000044404209, ZINC000229938097, and ZINC000005158963. Molecular dynamics simulations
confirmed the stability of the protein-ligand complexes while binding free energy calculations
highlighted the crucial molecular forces stabilizing these interactions. Notably,
ZINC000229938097 exhibited particularly favorable binding energy values among the compounds
assessed.

Conclusion:

Our study underscores the efficacy of computational methodologies in identifying potential
drug candidates targeting GPR17. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying
GPR17 activation holds significant promise for developing tailored therapies for Glioblastoma
Multiforme.

conclusion:

The current study highlights the utility of computational tools in drug development and provides information on GPR17 as a target for GBM treatment and the directions for further experimental testing and utilization.
Economics of Medicinal and Anticancer Plants
Authors: Mustafa Ghulam , Hanif Nadia , Hayat Naveed , Akhtar Mohd. Sayeed
Published: December 2024

Despite millions of deaths every year, cancer has caused huge economic and non-economic costs for every nation in the world. Economic costs are higher in developed countries, while non-economic costs such as loss of jobs, family care time, and out-of-pocket expenses are higher in developing countries. These huge economic burdens on cancer patients and the increasing cost of chemotherapy led to the usage of plant-based medicines. Such medicines are more cost-effective because of their medicinal and treatment effectiveness. Most medicinal plants have anticancer ingredients that make them more sought-after. The demand for anticancer plants is increasing day by day. The main factors that shape the demand for anticancer plants are lower-priced plant-based anticancer plants, higher prices of chemotherapy, an increasing world population, particularly the ageing population, and increasing per capita GDP (income) of nations. The present chapter provides an overview of the economic burden of cancer, the demand and supply of medicinal and anticancer plants, herbal medicines as complementary medicine for cancer therapy, and the recent progress of anticancer plants.
Selected Medicinal Plants for Combating Diabetes: A Green Anti-Hyperglycemic Approach
Authors: Hemavathi Kadabagere Narayanaswamy , Middha Sushil Kumar , Dwivedi Nidhi , Hemalatha Prakash , Nisa Asiya , Kavyashree Basavaraju , Goyal Arvind Kumar , Usha Talambedu
Published: December 2024

Medicinal plants offer significant therapeutic potential due to the presence of
bioactive phytochemicals. This renders them promising candidates for the treatment of
a wide range of ailments. Diabetes, a severe metabolic disorder, is conventionally
managed using commercial pharmaceutical drugs. Nevertheless, these prescription
medications are both economical and linked to various adverse effects. The increasing
popularity of herbal remedies is attributed to their cost-effectiveness and their capacity
to deliver enhanced therapeutic benefits with fewer associated side effects. This chapter
is dedicated to the exploration of well-known medicinal plants, including Trigonella,
Syzium, Punica, Momordica, and Gymnema species, for their efficacy in addressing
issues related to diabetes. The principal goal of this chapter is to offer an in-depth
examination of the chemical compositions and preclinical assessments that substantiate
their anti-diabetic properties.
The Role of Dietary Agents in Preventing the Pathogenesis by Helicobacter pylori
Authors: D’souza Rashmi T. , Marakala Vijaya , D’souza Rhea K. , Jayandran Mamatha , Prabhakar Pankaj , Palatty Princy L. , Baliga Manjeshwar Shrinath
Published: December 2024

Infection with Helicobacter pylori poses a threat to public health in
numerous regions of the world. This bacterium has been linked to a wide range of
stomach disorders, some of which are benign, such as superficial gastritis, while others
are rather serious, including chronic atrophic gastritis, stomach cancer, and peptic
(gastric or duodenal) ulcers. These conditions can vary in severity and cause significant
morbidity in the affected individual. The International Agency for Research on Cancer
designated it as a 'Group I carcinogen' in the year 1994 after concluding that it played a
significant role in the development of stomach cancer. As a result, there has been a
considerable focus on discovering ways to prevent H. pylori infections. In this article,
we discuss the role that H. pylori plays in human gastric disease, with a particular focus
on the impact of dietary agents on preventing infection and on the pathogenesis of H.
pylori.
Application of CRISPR-Cas Technique in Enhancing the Phytochemicals Production
Authors: Sahoo Harshita , Malhotra Manisha , Yadav Vikas Kumar , Maurya Vikash , Shweta  , Kumar Akhilesh
Published: December 2024

Plants possess a remarkable skill in the generation of secondary metabolites,
which are commonly referred to as phytochemicals. These bioactive molecules are
non-nutritive and essential for the growth and expansion of plants. However, these
phytochemicals play a critical role in plant resistance against both biotic and abiotic
stress. Furthermore, they possess a vast array of pharmaceutical and nutraceutical
properties, making them commercially and economically significant. Unfortunately, the
synthesis of these compounds is not abundant and can be challenging to extract through
a cumbersome chemically synthetic process that is both inefficient and expensive.
Fortunately, second-generation CRISPR/Cas technology has proven to be a gateway to
enhancing the production of phytochemicals due to its simplicity, efficiency, and target
specificity. Therefore, the purpose of this chapter is to discuss the mechanistic role of
CRISPR/Cas9, its application in base editing, and its ability to enhance the production
of phytochemicals.
Polymer-Based Nanomedicine for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Telange Darshan , Bhange Manjusha , Pethe Anil
Published: December 2024

Specially polymer-based nanomedicine is of great interest for cancer, and
has a tremendous level in nanotechnology, and nanomolecular intervention, and
ahigher specialty for treating cancer or repairing cellular content. In recent years,
polymer-based nanomedicine, a field that includes the use of polymeric
substances–nucleic acid complexes (polyplexes), polymer-drug encapsulation, and
polymer nanoparticle bearing those drugs having hydrophobic properties, has received
higher proliferation for providing highly effective treatment for cancer. Nano
molecules show excellent biocompatibility, and biodegradability and can circulate in
the plasma for sustainability to reach the specific targeted site. In addition, also the
receptor overexpressed in the tumour cells can have an effect on tumour. This chapter
highlights the history and current situation of the type of cancer in the world as per
“GLOBOCON DATABASE”. Also, the focus will be on nano-medicine, which is
formulated in various forms (nanomicells, dendrimers, gold nanoparticles, nanogels)
and on rational approaches for the future development of polymer-based nanomedicine.
Polymeric Approaches in Regenerative Medicines
Authors: Mohite Popat , Asane Govind , Bhusal Ramesh , Mishra Ritika , Navale Namrata , Bole Sandesh , Tambare Rashmi
Published: December 2024

This book chapter provides an in-depth examination of the diverse
applications of polymeric approaches in regenerative medicine. It starts with an
introduction and highlights the significance of polymeric materials. The section also
delves into various biomaterials, including natural polymers like collagen and synthetic
counterparts like poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid). The scaffold design and fabrication
techniques, such as 3D printing and electrospinning, are explored for their role in
creating biomimetic structures. It also highlights polymeric nanomaterials for
controlled drug delivery, emphasizing nanoparticles, micelles, and theranostic
approaches. Polymeric hydrogels play a central role in tissue regeneration, with
specific applications in cardiac, bone, and neural tissue engineering. The chapter also
addresses immunomodulation, host responses, and biocompatibility to ensure the
practicality of polymeric regenerative strategies. The evaluation of the current clinical
status, regulatory considerations, and challenges associated with polymeric
regenerative approaches is undertaken. The chapter concludes with insights into future
perspectives, innovations, and collaborative research opportunities in the dynamic field
of polymeric approaches in regenerative medicine. This chapter provides a
comprehensive resource for researchers and scientists seeking a deeper understanding
of the role of polymeric materials in advancing regenerative therapies.
Effect of Calcium Carbide Exposure Through Inhalation in Lungs of Mus musculus
Authors: Banerjee Soumi
Published: December 2024

Study on occupational injuries indicates the industrial exposure to air-pollutants, asthmagens, carcinogens, and noise for extended hours as leading risk factors directing to death. This exposure generally occurs by inhalation, ingestion, or via dermal contact. Out of which inhalation is the most rapid route of uptake through breathing in the air that is contaminated with particulate matter/dust, vapours of volatile or semi-volatile contaminants and aerosols due to outdoor and indoor industrial activities. Irritational lung injury, asphyxia, respiratory depression, tachycardia, pulmonary edema may develop as long-lasting systemic effects even after completion of the working life of a worker.Most occupational lung diseases are caused by repeated, long-term exposure.

Therefore, our study was conducted to analyze the effect of 40 days of chronic calcium carbide exposure in a close chamber through inhalation in lung of Swiss-albino mice. ALT, AST, SOD and catalase activities were estimated spectrophotometrically. Spectrofluorimetric estimation was performed for reactive oxygen species determination. Flow cytometric analysis was performed to examine cell death and cell cycle. Pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic protein levels were estimated by immunoblot. Data demonstrated altered body homeostasis as marked by AST/ALT assay. 3gm CaC2 exposure indicated activation of antioxidant enzymes, increased cell death causing sustained animal survivability. 5gm and significantly 7gm CaC2 exposure displayed antioxidant enzymatic activities along-with decreased cell death and animal survivability. While in 9gm CaC2 exposure total antioxidant enzymes were collapsed with increased cell death leading to probably maintenance of animal survivability to some-extent in the said group.
Role of Mycorrhiza Colonization in Phosphorus Deficiency in Tomato Seedlings Affected By Different Levels of Mycorrhiza Species
Authors: Bairum Randa S.
Published: December 2024

Most terrestrial plants respond to colonization by symbiotic mycorrhizal fungi, and these fungi have various benefits to their hosts under different stress conditions, especially phosphorus (P) limitation. A pot experiment was conducted to determine how tomato seedlings were affected by varying levels of mycorrhiza species under phosphorus deficiency conditions. A block experiment based on a completely randomized design was conducted in pots. Seeds of the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivar Beeli were inoculations with two species of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM), namely; Glomus mosseae (MG), locally-isolated mycorrhizal spores (ML), Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL1) pathogen, the myco-parasitic fungus (Trichoderma harzianum) (Th) and effective microorganisms (EM@TM) at two different time 6 and 13 weeks. Results showed that the above-ground dry matter of inoculated Tomato at both.
On the Diversity and Taxonomic Evaluation of Wood-Decaying Fungi from Ajanta Forest Caves, Maharashtra, India
Authors: Gore Vijay Udhav
Published: December 2024

In the present investigation, 89 specimens of wood-decaying fungi were collected between the viewpoint and Ajanta cave of the famous ecotourist spot of Ajanta forest, research was carried out during year 2014 to 2021. Specimens were identified according to macroscopic characteristics on site and also in microscopic details in the laboratory. As far as we know we are reporting for the first time the diversity of wood-decaying fungi from Ajanta Forest, which consists of 28 genera and 39 species. Among these 35 species were annual and 4 species were perennial.

Most dominating to rarely observed genus were Trametes Fr (5 species) followed by Leucocoprinus Pat (3 species), Auricularia Bull (2 species), Favolus Fr (2 species), Hypoxylon Bull (2 species), Lentinus Fr (2 species), Phellinus Quél (2 species), whereas Cellulariella Zmitr. & Malysheva, Cerrena S.F. Gray, Daedaleopsis Schroet, Daldinia Ces. & de Not, Duportella Pat, Earliella Murrill, Flavodon Ryvarden, Funalia Pat Ganoderma P. Karst, Hexagonia Pollini, Lopharia Kalchbr. & MacOwan, Phanerochaete P. Karst, Phlebiopsis Julich, Phylloporia Murrill, Pleurotus (Fr.) P. Kumm, Pseudofavolus Pat, Pycnoporus P. Karst, Scytinostroma Donk, Schizophyllum Rr, Truncospora Pilát, and Xylaria Hill ex Schrank represent single genera.
Editorial
Authors: Salomão Ana Cristina Biondo , Swartz Stephanie , Cunningham D. Joseph
Published: December 2024

Welcome to this special issue of the Journal of Virtual Exchange, featuring eight engaging contributions that highlight the transformative potential of virtual exchange (VE) for education. Arising from works presented at the International Virtual Exchange Conference in 2023, hosted by the Brazilian Association for International Education (FAUBAI) and São Paulo State University (UNESP) in São Paulo, Brazil, this collection consists of seven practice reports and one research article, offering valuable insights into innovative pedagogies, intercultural collaboration, and professional development. We are gratified and delighted to present these works that reflect the increasing diversity and depth of VE practices worldwide.
Applying the Indonesian Urological Association’s recommendations for urology surgery during the COVID-19 pandemics in Dr Sardjito Public Referral Hospital Yogyakarta
Authors: Irzan Muhammad Anwar , Hendri Ahmad Zulfan , Soerohardjo Indrawarman
Published: December 2024

Purpose: Indonesia is a country with many COVID-19 cases distributed in all provinces. There were over 1,860,000 positive cases with 51,612 mortalities as of June 8th, 2021, and 289 deaths were from doctors. The Indonesian Urological Association (Ikatan Ahli Urologi Indonesia, IAUI) has initiatives to protect the members' safety in daily urology practices by issuing recommendations, including urology surgery. The Dr. Sardjito Teaching Hospital as a COVID-19 referral provides urologic surgery services.
Method: This study aims to find the pandemic effect in urology surgeries at the COVID-19 Referral Hospital, applying IAUI recommendations. The number of surgeries was compared from 1 year before and after the 2020 IAUI recommendation between April 2019 and April 2021.
Results: All categories decreased statistically significantly except fertility. Nine hundred sixty-nine urology surgeries were performed one year before, and 571 surgeries were conducted one year since the recommendation was released.
Conclusion: All categories in urology surgery were significantly reduced during a pandemic. Several procedures supposed to delay were still performed under patients’ and urologist’ safety considerations. Urology surgery unit follows the Indonesian Urological Association Recommendations during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Determinants of exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: retrospective cohort study
Authors: Sihombing Intan Ully Athalia , Pulungan Rafiah Maharani , Karima Ulya Qoulan , Pristya Terry Y.R , Soetrisno Arief Budi , Montain Maya Marinda
Published: December 2024

Purpose: Exacerbations in patients with COPD are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality because of the increased progression of COPD, which is getting worse due to frequent recurrences. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with the incidence of exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) at the Bandung Community Lung Health Center (BCLHC).
Methods: This study is a secondary data analysis of patient medical records for 2015-2020 with a retrospective cohort study design. The sample in this study amounted to 122 COPD patients who were taken using a purposive sampling technique. The variables studied were age, sex, employment status, marital status, and smoking history. The bivariate data analysis used the chi-square test, and the multivariate data analysis used the multiple Cox regression test with α = 0.05.
Results: The results of the multivariate analysis showed an increased risk of exacerbations in the group with a history of smoking (RR = 7.6, 95% CI = 2.9-19.6) compared to the group with no history of tobacco and non-married status (RR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.1-3.4) compared with the currently married group.
Conclusion: It is hoped that COPD sufferers can stop smoking to reduce the risk of exacerbations and the need for support from families for COPD sufferers who are not married.
William Blake’s Treatment of Innocent Children in Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience: Social Problems Context
Authors: Afroz Sadia
Published: December 2024

This article aims to demonstrate how William Blake’s Songs of Innocence (1789) can be connected to Songs of Experience (1794) regarding innocent children. It aims to illustrate how, from the eighteenth century to the nineteenth century, Blake has written poetry to present some important aspects, such as class, child labor, slavery, and education during the French Industrial Revolutions. It can be said here that children are exposed to the social and economic shifts of the eighteenth century. A child’s inherent qualities are described in Songs of Innocence as a symbol of divinity and innocence. Children gradually absorb biases, and their innocence turns to their mothers and other adults for comfort and security. Blake’s poems uphold a majority of children whose childhoods are presented by forced labor, slavery, and poverty in order to satisfy the needs of the eighteenth-century and the nineteenth-century capitalist economy; on the other hand, the poems in Songs of Experience foster how children encounter resulting of formal education and religious doctrine. Social customs and norms of the than time was against deprived, acquitted and defenseless children. The holy child, once a representation of divinity and purity, no longer embodies noble qualities. Children’s difficult upbringing shapes them into a feeble and occasionally disobedient adult. Blake lets his readers behold the transformation of a little child who, because of life experiences, develops universal themes that are not understood at an early stage of life. An examination of Blake’s poetry with an emphasis on experience and innocence is prompted by the lyrical portrayal of the disparity.
Post - mortem privacy and digital legacy - a qualitative enquiry
Authors: Harbinja Edina , McVey Marisa , Edwards Lilian
Published: December 2024

This paper presents the results of the first qualitative empirical study on digital legacy and post-mortem privacy in the UK, shedding light on experiences, practices, perceptions, and limitations in the field. Our research confirms and extends existing theoretical and doctrinal work, validating key arguments, assumptions and ideas. The study unveils critical issues surrounding awareness, platform behaviours, and the limitations of current practices, exacerbated by the global impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic.
Central to our findings is the overwhelming lack of awareness among users, practitioners, platforms, and regulators, highlighting a pressing need for increased engagement from the media, academics, and professional associations. The study identifies key drivers for change, emphasising the role of individual grief, high-profile cases, and technological advancements.
Legal professionals, facing obstacles in the absence of clear regulations, exhibit leadership and creativity in addressing client needs, claiming a new expertise in the evolving field of digital legacy. Contrary to the clear call for law reform among practitioners, regulators acknowledge the growing importance but prioritise other areas, necessitating a cross-cutting reform approach. Concerns about platform cooperation, jurisdictional differences, and the inadequacy of existing solutions emerge, urging a re-evaluation of technological and in-service solutions, such as Facebook or Apple Legacy Contact. Education and media literacy are identified as pivotal components, addressing the broader landscape of digital legacy and privacy.
Our findings underscore the urgent need for legal and policy reform, conceptual clarity, and a review of technological solutions. The study's impact extends beyond empirical evidence, informing subsequent research on user perceptions and guiding the development of policy and law reform proposals in the underexplored realm of digital legacy and post-mortem privacy.