bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anxiety Disorders Are Associated With Coronary Endothelial Dysfunction in Women With Chest Pain and Nonobstructive Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Sara Jaskanwal D. S. , Ahmad Ali , Toya Takumi , Suarez Pardo Laura , Lerman Lilach O. , Lerman Amir
Published: August 2021

Background

Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent mental disorders and are an emerging risk factor for coronary artery disease and its complications. We determine the relationship between having a clinical diagnosis of an anxiety disorder and coronary endothelial dysfunction (CED) using invasive coronary reactivity testing across both sexes.

Methods and Results

Patients presenting with chest pain and nonobstructive coronary artery disease (stenosis <40%) at coronary angiography underwent an invasive assessment of CED. Patients were categorized as having a clinical diagnosis of an anxiety disorder at the time of coronary angiography by chart review. The frequency of CED was compared between patients with versus without an anxiety disorder and after stratifying patients by sex. Between 1992 and 2020, 1974 patients (mean age, 51.3 years; 66.2% women) underwent invasive coronary reactivity testing, of which 550 (27.9%) had a documented anxiety disorder at the time of angiography. There was a significantly higher proportion of patients with any type of CED in those with an anxiety disorder in all patients (343 [62.7%] versus 790 [56.4%];
P
=0.011) that persisted in women but not in men. After adjusting for covariables, anxiety was significantly associated with any CED among all patients (odds ratio [95% CI], 1.36 [1.10–1.68];
P
=0.004), and after stratifying by sex in women but not in men.

Conclusions

Anxiety disorders are significantly associated with CED in women presenting with chest pain and nonobstructive coronary artery disease. Thus, CED may represent a mechanism underpinning the association between anxiety disorders and coronary artery disease and its complications, highlighting the role of anxiety as a potential therapeutic target to prevent cardiovascular events.
Recombinant Interleukin‐19 Suppresses the Formation and Progression of Experimental Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
Authors: Tanaka Hiroki , Xu Baohui , Xuan Haojun , Ge Yingbin , Wang Yan , Li Yankui , Wang Wei , Guo Jia , Zhao Sihai , Glover Keith J. , Zheng Xiaoya , Liu Shuai , Inuzuka Kazunori , Fujimura Naoki , Furusho Yuko , Ikezoe Toru , Shoji Takahiro , Wang Lixin , Fu Weiguo , Huang Jianhua , Unno Naoki , Dalman Ronald L.
Published: August 2021

Background

Interleukin‐19 is an immunosuppressive cytokine produced by immune and nonimmune cells, but its role in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) pathogenesis is not known. This study aimed to investigate interleukin‐19 expression in, and influences on, the formation and progression of experimental AAAs.

Methods and Results

Human specimens were obtained at aneurysm repair surgery or from transplant donors. Experimental AAAs were created in 10‐ to 12‐week‐old male mice via intra‐aortic elastase infusion. Influence and potential mechanisms of interleukin‐19 treatment on AAAs were assessed via ultrasonography, histopathology, flow cytometry, and gene expression profiling. Immunohistochemistry revealed augmented interleukin‐19 expression in both human and experimental AAAs. In mice, interleukin‐19 treatment before AAA initiation via elastase infusion suppressed aneurysm formation and progression, with attenuation of medial elastin degradation, smooth‐muscle depletion, leukocyte infiltration, neoangiogenesis, and matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9 expression. Initiation of interleukin‐19 treatment after AAA creation limited further aneurysmal degeneration. In additional experiments, interleukin‐19 treatment inhibited murine macrophage recruitment following intraperitoneal thioglycolate injection. In classically or alternatively activated macrophages in vitro, interleukin‐19 downregulated mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, chemokine C‐C motif ligand 2, and metalloproteinases 2 and 9 without apparent effect on cytokine‐expressing helper or cytotoxic T‐cell differentiation, nor regulatory T cellularity, in the aneurysmal aorta or spleen of interleukin‐19–treated mice. Interleukin‐19 also suppressed AAAs created via angiotensin II infusion in hyperlipidemic mice.

Conclusions

Based on human evidence and experimental modeling observations, interleukin‐19 may influence the development and progression of AAAs.
Students’ motivational factors and engagement strategies in constructivist-based blended learning environments
Authors: Machumu Haruni , Zhu Chang , Almasi Mustapha
Published: September 2021

Student motivation to learn is an essential component for the design, development and implementation of technology-mediated learning environments. Engagement learning strategies have been devised to assist students as they learn in a constructivist-based blended learning environment (CBLE). This study investigates the relationship between students’ motivational factors and their engagement learning strategies in a CBLE in Tanzanian Universities. Specifically, the study examines a) student motivational factors to learn, b) gender differences in motivational factors, and c) relates motivational factors with students’ engagement learning strategies. The study is built on theoretical foundations of engagement learning and constructivist-based blended learning. We used a self-report student motivational factors and engagement learning strategies survey (SMFELSs) to obtain data from 1010 undergraduate students from three universities. The results indicate that students are positively motivated to learn in CBLE. Our results also reveal that there is a statistically significant correlation between motivational factors and students’ engagement learning strategies. The results, on the one hand, enhance our understanding of students’ motivational factors to learn in a CBLE, and on the other hand expand knowledge on which student engagement learning strategies should be adopted and implemented in the context of challenging learning environments. Furthermore, the results are important for instructional designers, university teachers and curriculum developers. Our study further helps to improve the design of blended learning courses, constructivist learning environment and learning activities concerning students’ motivational factors and engagement learning strategies.
Toward a biogeographic regionalization of the Nearctic region: Area nomenclature and digital map
Authors: ESCALANTE TANIA , RODRÍGUEZ-TAPIA GERARDO , MORRONE JUAN J.
Published: September 2021

We provide a preliminary nomenclatural proposal and a digital map of the Nearctic region, based on published regionalizations, especially Dice (1943), and applying the International Code of Area Nomenclature. The Nearctic region is comprised of three subregions (one of them with two dominions), one transition zone and 29 provinces. The Arctic subregion, in northern North America and Greenland, includes the Eskimoan, Hudsonian, Aleutian and Sitkan provinces. The Western subregion, in western North America, includes the Californian dominion, with the Californian and Oregonian provinces; and the Rocky Mountain dominion, including the Montanian, Saskatchewan, Palusian, Artemisian, Coloradan, Kansan, Mohavian, Navahonian, Sonoran, Chihuahuan, Comanche, and Baja California provinces. The Alleghany subregion, in eastern North America, includes the Illinoian, Canadian, Carolinian, Texan, Austroriparian, and Tamaulipan provinces. The Mexican Transition Zone, situated in the area of overlap with the Neotropical region, includes the Sierra Madre Occidental, Sierra Madre Oriental, Transmexican Volcanic Belt, Sierra Madre del Sur and Chiapas Highlands provinces.
Taxonomic study of the genus Punctulata Wang (Lepidoptera: Autostichidae) from China, with descriptions of two new species
Authors: TAO ZHULIN , WANG SHUXIA
Published: September 2021

The genus Punctulata Wang, 2006 is transferred from Oecophoridae to Autostichidae based on morphological characters and molecular data. Punctulata guangxiensis sp. nov. and P. novipalliptera sp. nov. are described as new based on the specimens collected in China. The females of P. palliptera Wang, 2006 and P. trunciformis Wang, 2006 are described for the first time. Images of male adults and male and female genitalia are provided for all the six Punctulata species along with a key to separate its species and a map showing their distribution.
Bidessus anatolicus adiyaman ssp. n. from Adıyaman province, southern Turkey (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae, Bidessini)
Authors: AYKUT MEDENİ , TAŞAR GANİ ERHAN , FERY HANS
Published: September 2021

Bidessus anatolicus adiyaman ssp. n. is described from the Adıyaman province in southern Turkey. The taxon belongs to the unistriatus-group of the genus and can be separated from the nominotypical subspecies of Bidessus anatolicus Wewalka, 1972 by the broader body and the different shape of the male genitalia. The new taxon is illustrated in detail and photographs of the type locality and the surrounding area are given.
A Self-Powered Flexible Biosensor for Human Exercise Intensity Monitoring
Authors: Mao Yupeng , Zhu Yongsheng , Jia Changjun , Zhao Tianming , Zhu Jiabin
Published: August 2021

We report a flexible and portable biosensor for real-time monitoring body exercise intensity without power supply. The biosensor consists of ZnO NWs and flexible PDMS substrate. The flexible and portable biosensor can be attached to tester’s skin surface. Through piezoelectric
signal, exercise intensity can be real-time monitored in sport process. After sweating, the sweat on the skin can flow to the modified ZnO NWs according to the set route through the guide channel of PDMS substrate. It also can monitor the variations of lactic acid concentration in sweat, and
the output piezoelectric voltage depends on the sweat concentration, so as to judge the exercise intensity of sport. The biosensor can charge miniature capacitor and the capacitor can charge other small electronic equipment. This multidisciplinary study point out a new development direction
of human exercise intensity monitoring and sport big data transmission in the field of sport science, and promote the development of self-powered flexible multifunctional nano-system.
Electromagnetic Interference Shielding from the Back-Side Metallization of the Chip in Fan-Out Wafer Level Package
Authors: Kung Joung Bo , Kim Seong-Chul , Ahn Key-One , Kim Young-Ho
Published: August 2021

Shielding against electromagnetic interference (EMI) is becoming increasingly important as electronics such as wearable devices, sensors, IoT, and smartphones become smaller, faster, and weigh less. Package level EMI shielding has several advantages over board level shielding, such
as a higher packaging density and better design flexibility. We developed a new fan-out package structure using back-side under bump metallurgy (UBM) and a substrate (or metal carrier) to improve the thermal characteristics and reduce die shift. UBM and the substrate (or metal carrier), which
consisted of highly conductive metals, is effective for EMI shielding. We study EMI shielding effects of UBM and the substrate (or metal carrier). To determine the EMI shielding of the UBM structures, Ti (17 nm thick) and Cu (70 nm thick) were sequentially deposited on a glass substrate using
a direct-current (DC) magnetron sputtering system. Then Cu was electroplated or Ni-P was electroless plated with various thicknesses up to 10 µm. Samples were measured under 100 MHz and 1 GHz with 0 dB conditions using a spectra analyzer, which is a near-field measurement equipment.
In unpatterened UBM, increase in the Cu or Ni thickness resulted in further enhanced EMI shielding. When the thickness of Cu UBM or Ni-P UBM was bigger than 5 µm or 3 µm, respectively, the UBM exhibited good EMI shielding. A double layer of Cu strips was formed on
the back side of the chip to enhance EMI shielding. The larger the overlap between the Cu strip and the upper and lower layers, the better the EMI shielding effect. When this overlap was larger than 0.5 mm, the EMI SE was similar to that of a single unpatterned Cu layer. We demonstrated good
EMI shielding in the double-layered structure with a large overlap width between the upper and lower Cu strips, and expect better moisture release in such structures.
Synthesis and Characterization of Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 (HZO) Ceramic Target via Modified Solid-State Reaction Method
Authors: Kyu Lee Shin , Kim Sangmo , Bark Chung Wung
Published: August 2021

Ferroelectric random-access memory (FeRAM) is non-volatile, facilitates data storage via ferroelectricity, and it has attracted research attention as potential data storage means in high-performance computing applications. However, retention and fatigue problems have hampered its commercialization.
Recently, the atomically controllable HfO2 FeRAM with high-density-storage capability has been developed. Although HfO2 is compatible with silicon-based fabrication technologies, its experimental realization is yet to be investigated. Thus, in this study, we have synthesized
ZrO2-doped HfO2 (also referred to as Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 or HZO) with enhanced operating characteristics via a solid-state reaction and optimized ball-milling process. The HZO ceramic targets are sintered at different temperatures between 1000
°C and 1600 °C, and the influence of the sintering temperature on the HZO target properties is investigated. As observed, the HZO target sintered at 1600 °C optimum for film growth.
Laryngotracheobronchial Amyloidosis: Patterns of Presentation and Management
Authors: Dermody Sarah M. , Campagnaro Erica L. , Kupfer Robbi A. , Hogikyan Norman D. , Morrison Robert J.
Published: August 2021

Objective:

To evaluate the pattern of presentation and management of laryngotracheobronchial amyloidosis at a tertiary care academic center over a 27 year period.

Methods:

In a retrospective review, the electronic medical record at a tertiary care academic center was queried for encounters with 3 laryngologists between 1996 and 2019 which included the ICD-9 or ICD-10 diagnosis of amyloidosis. Demographics, clinical presentation, referral diagnoses, medical history, family history, laboratory values, radiology studies, and treatment modalities of subjects were collated. Results were analyzed using standard univariate descriptive statistics.

Results:

Seventeen subjects were identified with an average age at diagnosis of 58 years (range 26-76 years). The most common amyloid type on biopsy was immunoglobulin light chain (AL) subtype. The most common location of laryngeal amyloid at diagnosis was the glottis and disease was more likely to be bilateral at the time of diagnosis in this location. Supraglottic disease more often had a unilateral presentation and had a tendency to spread to additional laryngeal subsites. Nearly 25% of subjects had associated systemic disease, including multiple myeloma, auto-immune disease, and familial ATTR mutation.

Conclusions:

The overall rate of associated systemic disease was low in our study cohort; however, it is higher than typically referenced in extant literature. Our cohort demonstrates that while laryngeal amyloidosis is a chronic condition, the behavior is generally indolent with a low treatment burden.
An integral model of cultural reproduction: The case of China
Authors: Lu Yifei , Scandurra Rosario , Bonal Xavier
Published: August 2021

Existing quantitative studies use various measurements and methods to examine Bourdieu’s theory of cultural reproduction in the field of education. Yet, most studies either misunderstand the concepts involved or only test part of the theory. This article addresses these gaps by using the ‘structure-disposition-practice’ (SDP) framework to develop an integral model of cultural reproduction and it constructs a more precise measurement of habitus. It aims to provide an in-depth empirical understanding of the interrelationships between social position, parents’ and students’ dispositions, practices and field. Using the Chinese Educational Panel Survey (CEPS) the authors apply a structural equation model (SEM) to test their theoretical framework. They compare the cultural reproduction processes for cognitive development and academic achievements of eighth-grade students. The results suggest parents’ and students’ habitus plays a more crucial role than family’s social position in the cultural reproduction process. The study also finds that families’ social position is more important in reproducing students’ cognitive development than in academic achievements in China. The findings provide a quantitative understanding of the cultural reproduction process with relational thinking.
Mental Health Caregiver’s Experiences From the Perspective of the Power Threat Meaning Framework
Authors: Paradiso Jessica , Quinlan Elly
Published: August 2021

Mental health caregivers experience a range of practical and emotional challenges. The Power Threat Meaning Framework is a recently articulated alternative framework for identifying patterns in distress. This qualitative study explores mental health caregivers’ experiences of power, threat, threat response, and meaning. Ten Australian mental health caregivers participated in semistructured interviews with data analysed using thematic analysis. Participants described positive and negative experiences of power in the form of institutional barriers, empowerment through advocacy, power dynamics, and power through nurturing. The mental health of the care receiver presented as a threat to caregiver’s well-being, as did loss of identity, grief, and community disconnect. Threat responses included seeking interpersonal support, regaining control, engaging in self-care, and using coping strategies. A sense of connection to the care receiver, self-growth, and giving back allowed carers to derive meaning from their role. Utilising the Power Threat Meaning Framework offers insight into mental health caregiver’s experiences beyond the confinements of current clinical practice. Suggestions for supporting mental health caregivers are provided.
The Impact of Childhood School Suspension on Dropout and Arrest in Adolescence: Disparate Relationships by Race and Adverse Childhood Experiences
Authors: Leban Lindsay , Masterson Marlow
Published: August 2021

Despite its widespread use, school suspension is related to negative outcomes in adolescence, including delinquency and low academic attainment. However, it remains less clear how other sources of adversity affect the relationship between suspension and negative outcomes. Drawing on longitudinal data on a sample of at-risk youth, this study examines the roles of two sources of disadvantage—being a racial minority and experiencing high levels of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs)—in the relationships between school suspension in childhood and arrest and high school dropout in adolescence. Results reveal that suspension increased odds of dropout and arrest regardless of race, even after accounting for high ACEs and other covariates. Among Black youth only, the impact of suspension on dropout was amplified for those with high ACE exposure. Findings shed light on the complex connections between sources of adversity and their relation to negative outcomes in adolescence.
Two-loop controller design and implementations for an inverted pendulum system with optimal self-adaptive fuzzy-proportional–integral–derivative control
Authors: Abut Tayfun , Soyguder Servet
Published: August 2021

Since inverted pendulum systems (IPSs) are under-actuated systems, controlling these systems has become an important problem. Because of their irregular movements and being structurally unstable, the balancing of these systems poses a major problem. In this study, the dynamic model of a linear IPS has been obtained by using the Newton–Euler method and also conventional proportional–integral–derivative (PID), fuzzy logic (FLC), and self-adaptive fuzzy-proportional–integral–derivative (SAF-PID) control algorithms have been designed for the control of the system. The purpose of these designed controllers is to keep the arms of the IPS on the moving cart in a vertical position and bring the cart to the specified equilibrium position. In conventional control methods, unwanted oscillations have occurred during the movement of the cart. By using two-loop control methods, it is aimed to reduce these oscillations and to design a robust system. The results have been obtained using the conventional PID, FLC, and SAF-PID controllers. To increase the performance of the SAF-PID control type, the optimum value of the coefficients of the points where the legs of the membership functions touch were calculated using the firefly optimization algorithm. To conclude, the designed controllers were performed on computer simulation. The results are given graphically and numerically. Mean absolute error (MAE), mean squared error, integral absolute error IAE, and integral squared error have been compared and examined with each other and with the studies in the literature using performance criteria. As a result, the proposed control method was at least 26.31% more successful in the angular control of the pendulum and at least 9.26% better in the position control of the cart than the studies in the literature.
A Randomized Trial of Brief Online Interventions to Facilitate Treatment Seeking for Social Anxiety
Authors: Tobias Margaret R. , Landy Lauren N. , Levin Michael E. , Arch Joanna J.
Published: August 2021

This study developed and evaluated a brief, single-session online intervention designed to facilitate treatment seeking among adults with clinically significant social anxiety (SA) symptoms, who generally seek treatment at exceptionally low rates. Adults ( N = 267) reporting significant SA symptoms were recruited online and randomized to a brief, single-session online intervention: Education consisted of brief psychoeducation and treatment resources, or Education+Motivation which added treatment seeking-focused motivational content adapted from Motivational Interviewing and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. Attitudes, intentions, perceived control, and treatment seeking were assessed at Pre, Post, and 1-month follow-up (FU). Both interventions were feasible (90% completion) and improved all outcomes. At FU, 70% reported engaging in one or more SA treatment-seeking behaviors. Education+Motivation was more effective than Education at improving treatment-seeking attitudes and behaviors. A brief online intervention with educational and motivational content is a promising direction for promoting treatment seeking for adults with SA symptoms.
China’s Debt Trap in Pakistan? A Case Study of the CPEC Project
Authors: Shaikh Rizwan , Chen Chien-Kai
Published: August 2021

Existing literature on China–Pakistan trade relations mainly deals with potential opportunities for Chinese investment, while no study has so far specifically analysed Chinese investment in light of the China–Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) project by taking into account how Pakistan’s domestic factors shape foreign trade relations. This article argues that the weak economic indicators of Pakistan reveal a possibility of defaulting on debt repayments, as Chinese loans have relatively high-interest rates. Through a two-level analytical framework, this article demonstrates that, despite concerns about Chinese debt traps at the international level, the CPEC project is still largely intact due to strong domestic support of the Pakistani establishment. Further, the geostrategic importance of Pakistan for China is higher than merely trade relations. It is thus also not in the interest of China to see its investments in Pakistan become a debt trap, though the institutional arrangements in Pakistan are prone to mounting debts.
The Effects of Innovation Climate on Employee Job Satisfaction and Affective Commitment: Findings from Public Organizations
Authors: Demircioglu Mehmet Akif
Published: August 2021

This article tests the effects of innovation climate on two major employee attitudes, employee job satisfaction and affective commitment, using 2017 Australian Public Service Commission (APSC) data ( n = 83,943). The Australian Public Service (APS) is a suitable context because the APS prioritizes and is concerned with both innovative activities and employee attitudes (e.g., job satisfaction and affective commitment). To develop hypotheses, this study applies insights from different theories, including perceived organizational support (POS), self-determination theory (SDT), empowerment, employee engagement, and job engagement. The empirical results of the structural equation models (along with robustness checks) demonstrate that innovation climate has a statistically significant and positive effect on both job satisfaction and affective commitment and that job satisfaction positively mediates this relationship. For policy makers, these findings suggest an innovation climate can be an important tool to increase employee job satisfaction and commitment.
Molecular dynamics study on the effect of polymer physisorption on the thermal conductivity of cross-linked functionalized carbon nanotubes
Authors: Ajori S , Haghighi S , Ansari R
Published: August 2021

In this paper, an investigation into the thermal conductivity of cross-linked functionalized carbon nanotubes under physical adsorption of polyethylene (PE) chains (cfCNTs/PE) is performed using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. To have a comprehensive study, the covalently attached functional groups with two types of distribution patterns, namely mapped and wrapped configurations, are used. The cfCNT/PE shows a smaller thermal conductivity than that of pure one. Also, the results demonstrate that the thermal conductivity of cfCNTs reduces by the physisorption of PE chains. By rising the weight percentage of physisorbed PE, the thermal conductivity of cfCNT/PE reduces more. Based on the results, for the constant weight percentage of non-covalent PE chains, the thermal conductivity increases as the number of cross-linked PE chains augments.
Efficiency of castor oil–based polyurethane foams for oil sorption S10 and S500: Influence of porous size and statistical analysis
Authors: Alves Fillip C , dos Santos Vanessa F , Monticeli Francisco M , Ornaghi Heitor , Barud Hernane da Silva , Mulinari Daniella R
Published: August 2021

This study evaluates the efficiency of castor oil–based polyurethane foams for oil sorption S10 and S500, focusing on the influence of the pores’ size. Different foams were produced by varying the polyol: isocyanate ratio (1:0.3; 1:0.5; 1:1.0; 1:1.5; and 1:2.0). The physicochemical properties, morphology, density, and Hg porosity were determined. The sorption capacity was influenced by exposure time, oil viscosity, and concentration of the reagents, considering variations in the hydrophobicity, void content, and morphology. The results showed that the foam produced at an in the same mass proportion (PUC) has a higher sorption capacity in exposure time from 25 to 40 h due to higher void content and larger pore diameter size. It was observed that the lower viscosity of S10 diesel contributes to the higher sorption efficiency compared to S500 one. The Taguchi method corroborated the mentioned results, indicating a higher sorption trend by varying the reagent concentration and exposure times.
Outcome Benefits Seen With 1 Year of Optimized Sacubitril/Valsartan for the Treatment of Systolic Heart Failure Managed by Pharmacists in a Cardiology Practice
Authors: Davis Lindsay E. , Pogge Elizabeth K.
Published: August 2021

Background:

Pharmacists’ care in heart failure (HF) management has been shown to better clinical outcomes, including use of guideline-directed medical therapy and hospital readmission, although the impact observed has varied among studies.

Objective:

To investigate the rates of all-cause hospitalization and hospitalization from HF (hHF) and changes in surrogate markers (left-ventricular ejection fraction, New York Heart Association Functional Classification [NYHA FC], diuretic requirements) for patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) on angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNi) therapy optimized within a pharmacist clinic.

Methods:

Retrospective chart review of patients with HFrEF on sacubitril/valsartan from July 7, 2015, through January 1, 2018.

Results:

For the primary outcome analysis, 70 patients with pre/post hospitalization data had a reduction in the rate of all-cause hospitalization from 45.7% in the 12 months prior to ARNi therapy initiation to 24.3% during the first year on optimized ARNi therapy ( P = 0.004). The rate of hHF reduced from 24.3% to 8.6% ( P = 0.003). For the secondary outcome analyses at the 6-month assessment point, which included 104 patients, ejection fraction improved from 26% to 34% ( P < 0.001), NYHA FC improved or remained unchanged in 86.6% of patients, and weekly loop diuretic dosing requirements were significantly reduced.

Conclusion and Relevance:

Real-world use of sacubitril/valsartan optimized within a pharmacist clinic was associated with reduced prevalence of all-cause and hHF during the first year of ARNi therapy. This study corroborates pharmacist involvement in HF management, which could be used to support further research and expanded pharmacist services.
The School Interference Questionnaire: Examining a Novel Measure of Mental Health–Related Academic Functional Impairment in Youth
Authors: Zendegui Elaina A. , Bennett Shannon M. , Desai Payal , Schild Jennifer S. , Beaumont Renae B. , Chiu Angela W. M.
Published: August 2021

This article reports on the development and initial psychometric properties of the School Interference Questionnaire (SIQ), a questionnaire designed to assess both academic functional impairment related to mental health problems and the type and frequency of school refusal behavior. Participants were 110 youth ages 13 to 18 years ( M = 15.41 years, SD = 1.42) admitted to an adolescent partial hospitalization program. The majority of participants identified as female (57.3%), Caucasian (59.1%), and non-Latino (70.0%). Internal consistency of the 12 SIQ core interference items was excellent (Cronbach’s α = .91). The factor structure suggested that a single factor was appropriate for the 12 school interference items. Correlations between the SIQ and other measures in this study provided support for construct validity. The average SIQ core interference item score showed evidence of convergent validity via correlations with measures of school refusal, global disability, and internalizing symptoms. The SIQ also exhibited no significant association with timing of study enrollment, suggesting evidence for divergent validity. Results provide initial evidence supporting the psychometric properties of this novel measure.
Entrepreneurial navigation of the Australian screen industries: The case of Dr D Studios
Authors: Douglas James
Published: September 2021

This article analyses the case of the short-lived Australian visual effects and animation enterprise Dr D Studios, which was co-founded by Australian film director, George Miller. Although Miller is an important figure in the history of the contemporary Australian screen industries, he has only rarely been the focus of significant scholarly analysis. Using the emerging scholarly concept of creative entrepreneurship, I analyse Dr D Studios as an instrument for Miller's navigation of the Australian screen industries, and as a strategy for adapting his filmmaking career to emerging industrial conditions and thereby manage and enhance his artistic practice, generate social value for the Australian creative sector, and secure economic value for his filmmaking operation. My analysis develops a new understanding of the career and practice of this significant Australian media figure and demonstrates the effectiveness of the creative entrepreneurship rubric for the future study of Australian screen producers.
Embodied empathy: Using affective computing to incarnate human emotion and cognition in architecture
Authors: Ghandi Mona , Blaisdell Marcus , Ismail Mohamed
Published: August 2021

This research aims to develop a cyber-physical adaptive architectural space capable of real-time responses to people’s emotions, based on biological and neurological data. To achieve this goal, we integrated artificial intelligence (AI), wearable technology, sensory environments, and adaptive architecture to create an emotional bond between a space and its occupants and encourage affective emotional interactions between the two. The project’s objectives were to (1) measure and analyze biological and neurological data to detect emotions, (2) map and illustrate that emotional data, and (3) link occupants’ emotions and cognition to a built environment through a real-time emotive feedback loop. Using an interactive installation as a case study, this work examines the cognition-emotion-space interaction through changes in volume, color, and light as a means of emotional expression. It contributes to the current theory and practice of cyber-physical design and the role AI plays, as well as the interaction of technology and empathy.
Parent-Mediated Home Intervention for Delayed Sleep-Onset and Night Waking in a Child With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Linnehan Anna , Cannon Barbara , Luiselli James K.
Published: August 2021

We report the case of a 10-year-old boy with autism spectrum disorder who had difficulty initiating and maintaining sleep. Through home consultation, his parents were trained to implement a multicomponent sleep intervention that included (a) faded bedtime, (b) regimented pre-bedtime routines, and (c) elimination of positive social consequences contingent on sleep problems including unwanted co-sleeping. A critical element in the case was functional assessment of the conditions associated with poor sleeping and matching intervention to parent preferences. Compared to a baseline phase, intervention reduced night waking frequency and duration as well as the time required for the boy to fall asleep. Follow-up results one and 2 months post-intervention documented sustained improvement.
Determination of the Median Effective Dose of Dexmedetomidine for the Prevention of Emergence Agitation in Geriatric Patients Undergoing Major Open Surgery With General Anesthesia: A Prospective, Double-Blinded, Dose-Response Trial
Authors: Wang WeiBing , Zhou Hui , Sun AiJiao , Xiao JinBo , Dong JingChong , Xu Huang
Published: August 2021

Dexmedetomidine can effectively decrease the incidences of emergence agitation (EA) in adult patients, but there are major side effects related to increased dose of dexmedetomidine. The purpose of this study was to determine the median effective dose of dexmedetomidine in the prevention of EA among geriatric patients undergoing major open surgery with general anesthesia. A total of 50 geriatric patients were enrolled in this study. Dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg·kg−1·h−1 continuous intravenous infusion was administered to the first patient. The next dose was increased or decreased by .05 depending on the response of the previous patient, according to the Dixon up-and-down method. An “effective” or “ineffective” response was determined based on the Riker sedation-agitation score (RSAS), we defined “effective” as RSAS<5, and “ineffective” as RSAS≥5. The ED50 of dexmedetomidine in prevention of EA was .30 μg·kg−1·h−1 (95% CI, .27–.33) and the predicted ED95 was .42 μg·kg−1·h−1 (95% CI, .38–.51). The incidence of bradycardia was significantly increased in the group without EA compared to the group with EA (57.1% vs 13.6%, P = .002). The ED50 of dexmedetomidine in prevention of EA was .30 μg·kg−1·h−1 (95% CI, .27–.33) and the predicted ED95 was .42 μg·kg−1·h−1 (95% CI, .38–.51). Bradycardia was the main complication.
Preoperative high lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio is associated with intraoperative type I endoleak in patients with TAA with TEVAR
Authors: Xie Xin-sheng , Zhao Yu-fei , Xu Dan-dan , Wang En-ci , Shu Xiao-long , Guo Da-qiao , Fu Wei-guo , Wang Li-xin
Published: August 2021

Objectives

Various inflammatory factors are closely associated with the incidence of thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs). Furthermore, the severity of inflammation is closely related to the absolute value and proportion of each leukocyte subgroup. Only few reports have analyzed the importance of lymphocyte–monocyte ratio (LMR) as a potential inflammatory marker in vascular diseases. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of peripheral blood LMR on thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) in patients with TAA.

Methods

A retrospective study of the clinical data collected in our hospital between January 2016 and January 2021 was performed on 162 patients with TAA treated with TEVAR, based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria for patient selection. Based on whether the patient had the clinical symptoms at admission and the occurrence of type I endoleaks during operation, patients were divided into two groups, respectively: an intraoperative type I endoleak group ( n = 34) and a group without intraoperative type I endoleak ( n = 128), and a group with clinical symptoms ( n = 31) and a group without clinical symptoms ( n = 131). The clinical data of these two groups were compared, the free from second intervention rates related to endoleak and the preoperatively LMR of the two groups was calculated. LMR was calculated preoperatively. Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis was used to determine the cut-off for preoperative LMR values. Based on the cut-off point, patients were divided into a high LMR group ( n = 34) and a low LMR group ( n = 128). The clinical data of the two groups were compared, and further stratified analysis was performed.

Results

A total of 162 patients were included in the analysis. All patients were successfully implanted with a thoracic aorta stent graft. The preoperative LMR level and postoperative endoleak-related secondary intervention rate were higher in the type I endoleak group than those in the group without intraoperative type I endoleaks. The preoperative C-reactive protein (CRP) level of patients with TAA with clinical symptoms was higher than that of asymptomatic patients. There was a negative correlation between preoperative CRP and LMR levels. In addition, in symptomatic or asymptomatic patients, the LMR level was associated with the occurrence of intraoperative type I endoleaks. After excluding the influence of type of endografts, our results showed that the clinical symptoms did not affect the occurrence of the intraoperative type I endoleak, and patients with intraoperative type I endoleak had a higher rate of postoperative secondary intervention.

Conclusion

Patients with TAA with type I endoleaks during TEVAR had an increased rate of secondary intervention related to endoleaks. Patients with TAA with high LMR levels before TEVAR were more likely to have endoleaks during operation.
Two sides of the same coin: Exploring how the bright and dark sides of team cohesion can influence sport team performance
Authors: Park Sanghyun , Kim Seungmo , Magnusen Marshall J
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze the potential positive and negative effects of team cohesion on team performance in a sport organization. Unbalanced panel data of 10 teams for the past 22 years (1997 season through the 2017–2018 season) from the Korean Basketball League were collected. A social network analysis approach was employed to measure network density as a proxy variable to measure team cohesion. The panel analysis results indicated team cohesion was shown to have a positive influence on team performance in the linear model as well as a negative influence on team performance in the quadratic model. The interaction effect of manager-player density did not influence team performance. In this study, the pattern of the relationship between team cohesion and performance was an inverted U-shape. Summarily, the density of a player’s school network could negatively influence team performance when it exceeds an optimal density level.
Producing (Musical) Difference: Power, Practices and Inequalities in Diversity Initiatives in Germany’s Classical Music Sector
Authors: Kolbe Kristina
Published: August 2021

This article examines whether diversity debates in the Western cultural industries can contribute to the undoing of racialised representations of otherness or reproduce ‘race’-making logics. Based on a year-long ethnography of diversity efforts made at an opera house in Germany, I explore how difference is negotiated in the production of two opera pieces meant to bring together Western and Turkish musical practices. I specifically examine how power relations around ‘race’ and ethnicity play out in processes of commissioning, composing and rehearsal. Situating these creative practices within classical music’s institutional histories and wider discourses of citizenship and belonging in Germany, I examine to what extent racialised representations of difference are challenged or remade. I document how diversity initiatives in the cultural industries, even when aimed at institutional change, proceed within hierarchical parameters that can perpetuate the marginalisation of racialised others, their continued construction as otherness, and the persistence of institutional whiteness.
The banality of education policy: Discipline as extensive evil in the neoliberal era
Authors: Clarke Matthew , Haines Lyon Charlotte , Walker Emma , Walz Linda , Collet-Sabé Jordi , Pritchard Kate
Published: August 2021

Education is usually considered a force for good, associated with hope and optimism about better individual and social futures. Yet a case can be made that education and education policy in recent decades, far from being a force for good, has had nefarious effects at multiple levels. This can be seen in the growing alienation of significant numbers of teachers and students in disparate global contexts and in the growth of authoritarian models of schooling, involving ‘zero-tolerance’, ‘no excuses’ disciplinary approaches, that have undermined notions of the common school as a public good. Against this background, and drawing on philosophical literature and our own empirical research, this study interrogates the practice in schools in England of placing students in ‘isolation’. In considering this practice as an instance of banal education policy, our study makes obvious reference to Hannah Arendt’s characterization of evil in her account of Adolf Eichmann’s trial. But it also draws on the work of moral philosophers, Elizabeth Minnich and Simona Forti, in relation to the distinction between intensive and extensive evil, in order to analyse the nature and effects of school discipline policies and practices such as isolation in the neoliberal era as a contemporary form of evil.
A review of mindful parenting
Authors: Ahemaitijiang Nigela , Fang Huiting , Ren Yaxuan , Han Zhuo Rachel , Singh Nirbhay N.
Published: August 2021

The benefits of mindfulness are widely recognized, and it has received increasing research attention. Recently, researchers have extended the concept and practice of mindfulness to the parent–child relationship and proposed the construct of mindful parenting, that is, parenting with mindfulness. However, mindful parenting is a relatively new concept in the field of family studies, and the contents, psychometrically robust measures, outcomes, and cultivation methods of mindful parenting warrant in-depth exploration. This article presents a systematic review of mindful parenting. We first conceptualized mindful parenting by consolidating the existence of this construct. Then, we summarized various measurements to assess this construct, and reviewed theoretical models and empirical research on the roles of mindful parenting. We also illustrated the ways to enhance mindful parenting and provided current evidence regarding these methods. Further, we discussed the limitations in this field and proposed future research directions.
Small Molecule Constituents of Periplaneta americana and Their IL-6 Inhibitory Activities
Authors: Zhang Hua-Sheng , Yan Yong-Ming , Wang Dai-Wei , Lv Qing , Cheng Yong-Xian , Wang Shu-Mei
Published: September 2021

Two new glycosides, periplanosides A (1) and B (2), 3 compounds reported from a natural source for the first time (3 − 5), and 6 known compounds 6 − 11 were isolated from the ethanol extract of Periplaneta americana (Linnaeus). Their structures, including absolute configurations, were unambiguously identified by comprehensive spectroscopic and chemical methods. Compound 3 is a racemate whose enantiomers were purified by chiral high-performance liquid chromatography . The biological evaluation results showed that compound 7 (0 − 20 μM) did not affect the viability of RAW264.7 cells and could effectively inhibit the production of interleukin-6 stimulated by lipopolysaccharide in a concentration-dependent manner, indicating the potential to develop novel agents against inflammation-related diseases.
Norwegian nursing students’ experiences of theoretical and clinical studies in Tanzania: A descriptive qualitative study
Authors: Wangensteen Sigrid , Granseth Solveig , Msuya Marycelina , Haugen Kristin
Published: August 2021

Internationalization has been a priority in higher education for several decades. No studies reporting nursing students’ learning experiences from both theoretical and clinical studies in Africa were identified. The study aimed to describe learning experiences of Norwegian nursing students after participating in a study-abroad program that includes theoretical and clinical studies in Tanzania. A qualitative descriptive design was chosen. Five group interviews were carried out from 2013–2016. The students entered new ground; they were in a challenging learning process but most of all they experienced personal and professional growth. The students increased their cultural competence, enabling them to meet patients and relatives from foreign cultures more open-mindedly. Being part of a student group, sharing experiences and reflecting on these are crucial for personal and professional growth. Returning home and experiencing a kind of ‘reverse culture shock’ underlines the importance of debriefing shortly after return to their home university.
Career Guidance and Counseling Needs in a Developing Country’s Context: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Keshf Zehra , Khanum Saeeda
Published: August 2021

Career guidance and counseling (CGC) is vital for smooth career development. Pakistan is a developing country having scarce CGC services; CGC is an emerging field in the country. CGC needs of undergraduates and the services available to them have not been explored extensively through research. This study explored it through 18 semi-structured in-depth interviews with undergraduates using a convenient and snowball sampling strategy. Data were analyzed by thematic analysis. Two main themes emerged, CGC needs of undergraduates and available CGC options for undergraduates, along with 10 subthemes in total. Undergraduates needed self-awareness, direction, decision-making skills, information and guidance, emotional management, job search skills, and practical exposure. Some CGC services like one-to-one sessions, job fairs, career seminars were available but seldom utilized by undergraduates. This study has potential implications for students and career service providers regarding utilization, assessment, planning, and execution of career services in developing countries as well as future research in CGC.
Downtown Music Publishing and Songtrust
Authors: Peters Jeremy J.
Published: August 2021

As of 2018, technological innovation in the music industry at large had impacted firms in nearly every sector. Yet, music publishers have been traditionally unconcerned with technological advancement. Several competitive forces have made this position sustainable, but the broader industry’s pace of change was bound to reach the music publishing sector. The laissez-faire attitude of prominent market players in the publishing space has led to a market that was ripe for value innovation, and Downtown Music Publishing has already capitalized in this space, differentiating themselves from their competitors. This case highlights the choices the CEO and co-founder of Downtown Music Publishing and the rest of the senior management team must make about a new product. Should they keep it internal, or should it be spun off?