bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Approach to Multicriteria Group Decision‐Making with Unknown Weight Information Based on Pythagorean Fuzzy Uncertain Linguistic Aggregation Operators
Authors: Liu Chao , Tang Guolin , Liu Peide
Published: February 2017

With respect to multicriteria group decision‐making (MCGDM) problems in which the experts have different priority levels, the criteria values are in the form of Pythagorean fuzzy uncertain linguistic variables (PFULVs), and the information about weights of experts and criteria is completely unknown, a novel decision‐making method is developed. Firstly, the concept of PFULV is defined, and some operational laws, score function, accuracy function, and normalized Hamming distance of PFULVs are presented. Then, to aggregate information given by all experts, the Pythagorean fuzzy uncertain linguistic prioritized weighted averaging aggregation (PFULPWAA) operator and the Pythagorean fuzzy uncertain linguistic prioritized weighted geometric aggregation (PFULPWGA) operator are proposed. Furthermore, in order to get a comprehensive evaluation value for each alternative, the Pythagorean fuzzy uncertain linguistic Maclaurin symmetric mean aggregation (PFULMSMA) operator and the weighted PFULMSMA (WPFULMSMA) operator are proposed. Moreover, to obtain the information about the weights of criteria, the model based on grey relational analysis (GRA) method is established. Finally, a method of MCGDM with PFULVs is developed, and an application example is given to illustrate the validity and feasibility of the provided procedure.
Fast Parabola Detection Using Estimation of Distribution Algorithms
Authors: Guerrero-Turrubiates Jose de Jesus , Cruz-Aceves Ivan , Ledesma Sergio , Sierra-Hernandez Juan Manuel , Velasco Jonas , Avina-Cervantes Juan Gabriel , Avila-Garcia Maria Susana , Rostro-Gonzalez Horacio , Rojas-Laguna Roberto
Published: February 2017

This paper presents a new method based on Estimation of Distribution Algorithms (EDAs) to detect parabolic shapes in synthetic and medical images. The method computes a virtual parabola using three random boundary pixels to calculate the constant values of the generic parabola equation. The resulting parabola is evaluated by matching it with the parabolic shape in the input image by using the Hadamard product as fitness function. This proposed method is evaluated in terms of computational time and compared with two implementations of the generalized Hough transform and RANSAC method for parabola detection. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the comparative methods in terms of execution time about93.61%on synthetic images and89%on retinal fundus and human plantar arch images. In addition, experimental results have also shown that the proposed method can be highly suitable for different medical applications.
Bilateral Birdshot Retinochoroiditis and Retinal Astrocytoma
Authors: Mamtora Sunil , Wong Yun , Bell Dugald , Sandinha Teresa
Published: February 2017

Background. This case highlights the importance of recognising multiple pathologies within the eye which may not necessarily be linked. Both birdshot retinochoroiditis and astrocytoma are rare conditions. The case underlines the need for early identification and treatment of birdshot retinochoroiditis with steroids and disease modifying drugs. Astrocytoma in the absence of tuberous sclerosis is also uncommon. Case Presentation. A 36-year-old male presented with 3-month history of bilateral progressive flashing lights and floaters. He was systemically well with no significant past medical history. Fundal examination revealed retinal vasculitis and active creamy lesions in the choroid radiating from the optic nerve. In the supranasal periphery of the right eye there was a raised white, jagged lesion protruding into the vitreous. Fluorescein angiogram and indocyanine green showed marked venous vasculitis, hypofluorescence, and disc leakage in keeping with birdshot retinochoroiditis. The supranasal lesion features were in keeping with astrocytoma and this was thought to be a coincidental finding. Conclusions. Retinal astrocytoma may be present as an isolated ocular finding; however, patients must still be investigated for tuberous sclerosis which is the most common association. Birdshot retinochoroiditis typically responds well to steroid therapy, and disease modifying drugs should be considered as soon as possible.
A Mixed Discontinuous Galerkin Approximation of Time Dependent Convection Diffusion Optimal Control Problem
Authors: Xu Qingjin , Zhou Zhaojie
Published: February 2017

In this paper, we investigate a mixed discontinuous Galerkin approximation of time dependent convection diffusion optimal control problem with control constraints based on the combination of a mixed finite element method for the elliptic part and a discontinuous Galerkin method for the hyperbolic part of the state equation. The control variable is approximated by variational discretization approach. A priori error estimates of the state, adjoint state, and control are derived for both semidiscrete scheme and fully discrete scheme. Numerical example is given to show the effectiveness of the numerical scheme.
Prolonged P-Wave and QT Dispersion in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Remission
Authors: Bornaun Helen Aghdasi , Yılmaz Nuh , Kutluk Günsel , Dedeoğlu Reyhan , Öztarhan Kazım , Keskindemirci Gonca , Tulunoğlu Aras , Şap Fatih
Published: February 2017

Objectives.Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) are chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) with unclear underlying aetiologies. Severe cardiac arrhythmias have been emphasised in a few studies on adult IBD patients. This study aimed to investigate the alteration of the P-wave and QT interval dispersion parameters to assess the risk of atrial conduction and ventricular repolarisation abnormalities in pediatric IBD patients.Patients and Methods.Thirty-six IBD patients in remission (UC: 20, CD: 16) aged 3–18 years and 36 age- and sex-matched control patients were enrolled in the study. Twelve-lead electrocardiograms were used to determine durations of P-wave, QT, and corrected QT (QTc) interval dispersion. Transthoracic echocardiograms and 24-hour rhythm Holter recordings were obtained for both groups.Results.The P-wave dispersion, QT dispersion, and QTc interval dispersion (Pdisp, QTdisp, and QTcdisp) were significantly longer in the patient group. The mean values of Pminimum, Pmaximum, and QTcminimum were significantly different between the two groups. The echocardiography and Holter monitoring results were not significantly different between the groups. Furthermore, no differences in these parameters were detected between the CD and UC groups.Conclusion.Results suggest that paediatric IBD patients may carry potential risks for serious atrial and ventricular arrhythmias over time even during remission.
A Rare Presentation of Sarcoidosis as a Pancreatic Head Mass
Authors: Mony Shruti , Patil Pradnya D. , English Rebekah , Das Ananya , Culver Daniel A. , Panchabhai Tanmay S.
Published: February 2017

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous syndrome of unknown etiology with noncaseating epithelioid granulomas being the pathognomonic pathological finding. Sarcoidosis most commonly involves the lungs and involvement of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is uncommon. Pancreatic sarcoidosis is very rare, especially when it is the presenting feature of sarcoidosis and can masquerade as pancreatic cancer. Tissue infiltration in pancreatic sarcoidosis can lead to either a diffuse nodular appearance or a mass-like lesion. We present an interesting case of a 47-year-old woman with a 10-pack-year history of smoking who presented with sharp epigastric pain, weight loss, and elevated lipase level. CT and MRI imaging showed a 4 cm × 5 cm heterogeneous pancreatic mass with a dilated pancreatic duct and peripancreatic lymphadenopathy. Endoscopic ultrasound guided FNA revealed noncaseating granulomas with no evidence of malignancy or atypical infection. CT of the chest revealed bilateral mediastinal and hilar adenopathy with calcification, without any parenchymal abnormalities, and her angiotensin-converting enzyme level was elevated at 170 U/L. The clinical picture pointed to the diagnosis of pancreatic sarcoidosis. Given the severity of gastrointestinal symptoms related to pancreatic sarcoidosis, prednisone therapy at 0.5 mg/kg/day was initiated with complete resolution of symptoms at 8 weeks.
Selective Removal of Hemoglobin from Blood Using Hierarchical Copper Shells Anchored to Magnetic Nanoparticles
Authors: Liu Youxun , Wang Yaokun , Yan Mingyang , Huang Juan
Published: February 2017

Hierarchical copper shells anchored on magnetic nanoparticles were designed and fabricated to selectively deplete hemoglobin from human blood by immobilized metal affinity chromatography. Briefly, CoFe2O4nanoparticles coated with polyacrylic acid were first synthesized by a one-pot solvothermal method. Hierarchical copper shells were then deposited by immobilizing Cu2+on nanoparticles and subsequently by reducing between the solid CoFe2O4@COOH and copper solution with NaBH4. The resulting nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometry. The particles were also tested against purified bovine hemoglobin over a range of pH, contact time, and initial protein concentration. Hemoglobin adsorption followed pseudo-second-order kinetics and reached equilibrium in 90 min. Isothermal data also fit the Langmuir model well, with calculated maximum adsorption capacity 666 mg g−1. Due to the high density of Cu2+on the shell, the nanoparticles efficiently and selectively deplete hemoglobin from human blood. Taken together, the results demonstrate that the particles with hierarchical copper shells effectively remove abundant, histidine-rich proteins, such as hemoglobin from human blood, and thereby minimize interference in diagnostic and other assays.
Recommending Locations Based on Users’ Periodic Behaviors
Authors: Xu Bing , Ding Zhijun , Chen Hongzhong
Published: February 2017

The research of location recommendation system is an important topic in the field of LBSN (Location-Based Social Network). Recently, more and more researchers began focusing on researching how to recommend locations based on user’s life behavior. In this paper, we proposed a new model recommending locations based on user’s periodic behaviors. In view of multiple periodic behaviors existing in time series, an algorithm which can mine all periods in time series is proposed in this paper. Based on the periodic behaviors, we recommend locations using item-based collaborative filtering algorithm. In this paper, we will also introduce our recommendation system which can collect users’ GPS trajectory, mine user’s multiple periods, and recommend locations based user’s periodic behavior.
Antigenotoxic Properties of Agaricus blazei against Hydrogen Peroxide in Human Peripheral Blood Cells
Authors: Živković Lada , Borozan Sunčica , Čabarkapa Andrea , Topalović Dijana , Ciptasari Ummi , Bajić Vladan , Spremo-Potparević Biljana
Published: February 2017

The ability of Agaricus blazei mushroom in its dried and powdered mycelial form was evaluated for its antigenotoxic properties for the first time. Antigenotoxic effects in human peripheral blood cells against H2O2‐induced DNA damage were examined in pretreatment and posttreatment protocol by comet assay. The results showed better antigenotoxic properties of Agaricus blazei on the interventional level, respectively, after treatment. Agaricus blazei in concentration of 250 μg/mL after treatment was most efficient in regard to its action against DNA damage. The evaluation of repair kinetics showed decrease in H2O2 induced DNA damage 15 min after the application of A. blazei, reaching the maximum potency after 30 min. Analysis of antioxidant properties of Agaricus blazei revealed strong  •OH scavenging properties and moderate reducing power, while its DPPH scavenging ability was weak. In regard to our findings, we can conclude that our preliminary results demonstrated antigenotoxic properties of Agaricus blazei and its strong  •OH scavenging ability. Mechanisms underlying its properties should be further evaluated in in vivo studies.
Impact of Diet and/or Exercise Intervention on Infrapatellar Fat Pad Morphology: Secondary Analysis from the Intensive Diet and Exercise for Arthritis (IDEA) Trial
Authors: Pogacnik Murillo Aarón Leonardo , Eckstein Felix , Wirth Wolfgang , Beavers Daniel , Loeser Richard F. , Nicklas Barbara J. , Mihalko Shannon L. , Miller Gary D. , Hunter David J. , Messier Stephen P.
Published: February 2017

Objectives: The infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) represents intra-articular adipose tissue that may contribute to intra-articular inflammation and pain by secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. Here we examined the impact of weight loss by diet and/or exercise interventions on the IPFP volume. Methods: Intensive Diet and Exercise for Arthritis (IDEA) was a single-blinded, single-center, 18-month, prospective, randomized controlled trial that enrolled 454 overweight and obese older adults with knee pain and radiographic osteoarthritis. Participants were randomized to 1 of 3 groups: exercise-only control (E), diet-induced weight loss (D), and diet-induced weight loss + exercise (D+E). In a subsample (n = 106; E: n = 36, D: n = 35, and D+E: n = 35), magnetic resonance images were acquired at baseline and at the 18-month follow-up, from which we analyzed IPFP volume, surface areas, and thickness in this secondary analysis. Results: The average weight loss amounted to 1.0% in the E group, 10.5% in the D group, and 13.0% in the D+E group. A significant (p < 0.01) reduction in IPFP volume was observed in the E (2.1%), D (4.0%), and D+E (5.2%) groups. The IPFP volume loss in the D+E group was significantly greater than that in the E group (p < 0.05) when not adjusting for parallel comparisons. Across intervention groups, there were significant correlations between IPFP volume change, individual weight loss (r = 0.40), and change in total body fat mass (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; r = 0.44, n = 88) and in subcutaneous thigh fat area (computed tomography; r = 0.32, n = 82). Conclusions: As a potential link between obesity and knee osteoarthritis, the IPFP was sensitive to intervention by diet and/or exercise, and its reduction was correlated with changes in weight and body fat.
Inflammation: A Double-Edged Sword in the Response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection
Authors: Lin Christina K. , Kazmierczak Barbara I.
Published: February 2017

The Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa exploits failures of barrier defense and innate immunity to cause acute infections at a range of anatomic sites. We review the defense mechanisms that normally protect against P. aeruginosa pulmonary infection, as well as the bacterial products and activities that trigger their activation. Innate immune recognition of P. aeruginosa is critical for pathogen clearance; nonetheless, inflammation is also associated with pathogen persistence and poor host outcomes. We describe P. aeruginosa adaptations that improve this pathogen's fitness in the inflamed airway, and briefly discuss strategies to manipulate inflammation to benefit the host. Such adjunct therapies may become increasingly important in the treatment of acute and chronic infections caused by this multi-drug-resistant pathogen.
Camalexin-Induced Cell Membrane Scrambling and Cell Shrinkage in Human Erythrocytes
Authors: Almasry Mustafa , Jemaà Mohamed , Mischitelli Morena , Lang Florian , Faggio Caterina
Published: February 2017

Background/Aims: The thaliana phytoalexin Camalexin has been proposed for the treatment of malignancy. Camalexin counteracts tumor growth in part by stimulation of suicidal death or apoptosis of tumor cells. Similar to apoptosis of nucleated cells, erythrocytes may enter suicidal death or eryptosis, which is characterized by cell shrinkage and cell membrane scrambling with phosphatidylserine translocation to the erythrocyte surface. Cellular mechanisms contributing to the complex machinery executing eryptosis include increase of cytosolic Ca2+ activity ([Ca2+]i), oxidative stress, ceramide, protein kinase C and caspases. The present study explored, whether Camalexin induces eryptosis and, if so, to shed light on mechanisms involved. Methods: Phosphatidylserine exposure at the cell surface was estimated from annexin-V-binding, cell volume from forward scatter, [Ca2+]i from Fluo-3 fluorescence, ROS formation from DCFDA dependent fluorescence, and ceramide abundance utilizing specific antibodies. Results: A 48 hours exposure of human erythrocytes to Camalexin significantly increased the percentage of annexin-V-binding cells (≥ 10 µg/ml), significantly decreased forward scatter (≥ 5 µg/ml) and significantly increased Fluo-3-fluorescence (≥ 10 µg/ml), but did not significantly modify DCFDA fluorescence or ceramide abundance. The effect of Camalexin on annexin-V-binding was significantly blunted by removal of extracellular Ca2+, by kinase inhibitors staurosporine (1 µM) and chelerythrine (10 µM), as well as by caspase inhibitors zVAD (10 µM) and zIETD-fmk (50 µM). Conclusions: Camalexin triggers cell shrinkage and phospholipid scrambling of the erythrocyte cell membrane, an effect at least in part depending on Ca2+ entry, as well as staurosporine and chelerythrine sensitive kinase(s) as well as zVAD and zIETD-fmk sensitive caspase(s).
SUMO-1 Gene Silencing Inhibits Proliferation and Promotes Apoptosis of Human Gastric Cancer SGC-7901 Cells
Authors: Jin Lifang , Shen Kexin , Chen Tong , Yu Wei , Zhang Huaiyu
Published: February 2017

Background: It has been reported that blocking small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) conjugation by silencing SUMO gene remarkably decreased tumor growth in vivo. However, few studies have examined the relationship between SUMO gene silencing and gastric cancer (GC). The study aims to explore the effects of SUMO-1 gene silencing on GC cell proliferation and apoptosis. Methods: GC cells were cultured and divided into 5 groups: the blank group (without any transfection or treatment), the empty vector group (transfected with empty vector), the shRNA-SUMO-1-1 group (transfected with shRNA-SUMO-1-1 plasmid), the shRNA-SUMO-1-2 group (transfected with shRNA-SUMO-1-2 plasmid), and the shRNA-SUMO-1-3 group (transfected with shRNA-SUMO-1-3 plasmid). Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was performed to examine cell proliferation. Annexin V/PI staining combined with flow cytometry were used to detect cell apoptosis. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting were employed to measure the mRNA and protein expressions of SUMO-1, P53, Bcl-2 and c-myc, respectively. Results: SUMO-1 mRNA and protein expressions were decreased after transfecting with shRNA-SUMO-1. Compared with the blank group, the shRNA-SUMO-1-1 group presented a remarkable decreased proliferation of SGC-7901 cells. Significant increase in cell apoptosis rate was observed. Bcl-2, c-myc and P53 expressions were declined after transfecting with shRNA-SUMO plasmid. Conclusion: Our study provided evidence that SUMO-1 gene silencing could decrease proliferation and promote apoptosis in GC cells.
High Glucose Induces Mouse Mesangial Cell Overproliferation via Inhibition of Hydrogen Sulfide Synthesis in a TLR-4-Dependent Manner
Authors: Ding Tao , Chen Wei , Li Juan , Ding Jiarong , Mei Xiaobin , Hu Haiyan
Published: February 2017

Background/Aims: Overproliferation of mesangial cells was believed to play an important role in the progress of diabetic nephropathy, one of the primary complications of diabetes. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a well-known and pungent gas with the distinctive smell of rotten eggs, was discovered to play a protective role in diabetic nephropathy. Methods: MTT assay was used to examine the viability of mesangial cells. Small interfering RNA was used to knock down the expression of TLR4 while specific inhibitor LY294002 to suppress the function of PI3K. H2S generation rate was determined by a H2S micro-respiration sensor. Results: Glucose of 25mM induced significant mesangial cells proliferation, which was accomplished by significantly inhibited endogenous H2S synthesis. And exogenous H2S treatment by NaHS markedly mitigated the overproliferation of mouse mesangial cells. Furthermore, it was found that H2S deficiency could result in TLR4 activation. And H2S supplementation remarkably inhibited TLR4 expression and curbed the mesangial cell overproliferation. Besides, PI3K/Akt pathway inhibition also significantly ameliorated the cell overproliferation. Conclusion: High glucose (HG) induces mouse mesangial cell overproliferation via inhibition of hydrogen sulfide synthesis in a TLR-4-dependent manner. And PI3K/Akt pathway might also play a vital part in the HG-induced mesangial cell overproliferation.
Acute Effects of Viral Exposure on P-Glycoprotein Function in the Mouse Fetal Blood-Brain Barrier
Authors: Bloise Enrrico , Petropoulos Sophie , Iqbal Majid , Kostaki Alisa , Ortiga-Carvalho Tania Maria , Gibb William , Matthews Stephen G.
Published: February 2017

Background/Aims: Viral infection during pregnancy is known to affect the fetal brain. The toll-like receptor (TLR)-3 is a pattern recognition receptor activated by viruses known to elicit adverse fetal neurological outcomes. The P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux transporter protects the developing fetus by limiting the transfer of substrates across both the placenta and the fetal blood-brain barrier (BBB). As such, inhibition of P-gp at these blood-barrier sites may result in increased exposure of the developing fetus to environmental toxins and xenobiotics present in the maternal circulation. We hypothesized that viral exposure during pregnancy would impair P-gp function in the placenta and in the developing BBB. Here we investigated whether the TLR-3 ligand, polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (PolyI:C), increased accumulation of one P-gp substrate in the fetus and in the developing fetal brain. Methods: Pregnant C57BL/6 mice (GD15.5) were injected (i.p.) with PolyI:C (5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg) or vehicle (saline). [3H]digoxin (P-gp substrate) was injected (i.v.) 3 or 23h post-treatment and animals were euthanized 1h later. Maternal plasma, ‘fetal-units’ (fetal membranes, amniotic fluid and whole fetus), and fetal brains were collected. Results: PolyI:C exposure (4h) significantly elevated maternal plasma IL-6 (P<0.001) and increased [3H]digoxin accumulation in the fetal brain (P<0.05). In contrast, 24h after PolyI:C exposure, no effect on IL-6 or fetal brain accumulation of P-gp substrate was observed. Conclusion: Viral infection modeled by PolyI:C causes acute increases in fetal brain accumulation of P-gp substrates and by doing so, may increase fetal brain exposure to xenobiotics and environmental toxins present in the maternal circulation.
Порівняльна характеристика морфологічних змін у тканинах пародонта тварин із різним типом запальної реакції при пародонтиті за токсичної дії адреналіну на ранні терміни дослідження
Authors: Sukhovolets I. S.
Published: February 2017

Modeling of parodontitis and three types of inflammatory reaction – hyporeactivity, normogenic and hyperreactivity and adrenaline intoxication was investigated during experiments on the rats. Difference in periodontitis course in rats with different types of inflammatory reactions and toxic influence of adrenaline according to the time of investigation were approved.
ДІЛОВА ГРА ЯК МЕТОД ОПТИМІЗАЦІЇ АКТИВНОГО НАВЧАННЯ СЛУХАЧІВ КУРСІВ ПІСЛЯДИПЛОМНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ З ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ ОХОРОНИ ЗДОРОВʼЯ
Authors: Lytvynova O. N. , Romanіuk L. M. , Terenda N. O. , Panchyshyn N. Ya.
Published: February 2017

У статті розглядається методика проведення ділової гри як інноваційного способу активізації навчального процесу для слухачів курсів післядипломної підготовки лікарів з організації охорони здоров’я. Відзначено відмінності проведення ділової гри серед курсантів у порівнянні зі студентською групою. Показано особливості побудови ситуаційних завдань з фрустраційним елементом. Інтерактивні форми заняття, зокрема у формі “ділової гри”, є альтернативними формами до традиційних семінарських форм занять.
АНАЛІЗ СТАНУ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАЙБУТНІХ МЕДИЧНИХ СЕСТЕР ЗАСОБАМИ КОМП’ЮТЕРНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ
Authors: Slavopas V. A.
Published: February 2017

У статті описано розвиток системи охорони здоров’я на сучасному етапі, пов’язаний із використанням комп’ютерних технологій у профілактиці, діагностиці та лікуванні захворювань; проведено аналіз сучасного стану підготовки майбутніх медичних сестер засобами комп’ютерних технологій; розглянуто особливості викладання дисципліни “Основи медичної інформатики” у студентів спеціальності “Сестринська справа”; внесено пропозиції щодо посилення методичної складової процесу підготовки майбутніх медичних сестер до використання комп’ютерних технологій у професійній діяльності.
СИМУЛЯЦІЙНА МЕТОДИКА ПІДГОТОВКИ СТУДЕНТІВ НА КАФЕДРІ НЕВІДКЛАДНОЇ ТА ЕКСТРЕНОЇ МЕДИЧНОЇ ДОПОМОГИ – ВАЖЛИВА СКЛАДОВА В ЯКІСНОМУ ТА КОМПЛЕКСНОМУ ЗАСВОЄННІ НАВЧАЛЬНОГО МАТЕРІАЛУ З ДИСЦИПЛІНИ
Authors: Shved M. I. , Liakhovych R. M. , Kitsak Ya. M.
Published: February 2017

У роботі висвітлюються особливості організації навчального процесу на курсі екстреної медичної допомоги в ДВНЗ “Тернопільський державний медичний університет імені І. Я. Горбачевського МОЗ України”. Розкривається прогресивна методика теоретичного викладення та засвоєння практичних навичок на клінічній кафедрі за системою єдиного дня, зокрема реалізація практичної частини заняття із командною роботою студентів з медичним обладнанням, виїздами до хворих (потерпілих) у складі бригад екстреної (швидкої) медичної допомоги, підвищенню рівня підготовки студентів з дисципліни сприяє також їх наукова та просвітницька діяльність.
ДОСВІД ВИКЛАДАННЯ МЕДИЧНОЇ БІОЛОГІЇ АНГЛОМОВНИМ СТУДЕНТАМ
Authors: Shvets L. S.
Published: February 2017

Використання англійської мови як мови вивчення медичної біології дало змогу розробити напрямки вдосконалення професійної майстерності викладацького складу кафедри та підвищення якості знань англомовних студентів. Досвід організації навчального процесу засвідчив необхідність постійного поновлення навчально-методичних та  лекційних матеріалів даними сучасних досягнень науки і медицини. Створено посібник “Вибрані лекції з медичної біології” англійською мовою, який охоплює всі розділи дисципліни. Актуальним також є використання робочих зошитів для студентів, впровадження інноваційних технологій, підвищення якості тестового контролю, оволодіння практичними навичками та навичками наукової роботи.
ЛІКВІДАЦІЯ ГРОМАДСЬКО-КУЛЬТУРНИХ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙ НА ТЕРНОПІЛЬЩИНІ НАПЕРЕДОДНІ ДРУГОЇ СВІТОВОЇ ВІЙНИ
Authors: Kadobnyi T. B. , Humenna N. V. , Мelnykova K. M.
Published: February 2017

У статті розкрито характер радянської репресивної політики та її вплив на світогляд населення Тернопільщини, мета якої полягала у формуванні нової ідеології, підготовці відданих соціалістичній системі кадрів, що мали забезпечити соціально-економічні і політичні цілі та інші завдання нової радянської влади на новозагарбаних територіях. Тому, ліквідувавши всі національно-патріотичні та інші культурно-освітні громадські організації, сталінський режим формував нові за формою і змістом радянські структури, які сповідували й репрезентували одну партійну ідеологію, яка була домінуючою у всіх засобах масової інформації на території Галичини.
Maternal periodontitis induces intergenerational injuries on reproductive performance of adult female rat offspring
Authors: Pimentel Suzana Pires , Casati Marcio Zaffalon , Cirano Fabiano Ribeiro , Ribeiro Fernanda Vieira , Casarin Renato Corrêa Viana , Kirsten Thiago Berti , Bernardi Maria Martha
Published: February 2017

Existem evidências substanciais de uma relação direta entre periodontite em mulheres grávidas com efeitos adversos reprodutivos. No entanto, nenhum estudo avaliou os efeitos intergeracionais da periodontite sobre o desempenho reprodutivo das gerações subsequentes. O presente estudo investigou se a doença periodontal materna exerce efeitos intergeracionais deletérios sobre o desempenho reprodutivo em ratos fêmeas da geração F1. Assim, filhas de ratas cujas mães foram submetidas a periodontite experimental ou falsamente operadas foram acasaladas com ratos machos sexualmente experientes. O peso corporal e desempenho reprodutivo da geração F1 foram avaliados no dia 21 de gestação, incluindo o peso materno, peso da ninhada, peso da individual dos filhotes, número de filhotes e de reabsorções. A percentagem de fêmeas com reabsorção e o peso da ninhada/número de filhotes também foram calculados. Comparados com o grupo controle, observou-se aumento na porcentagem e número de reabsorções e no peso da ninhada/ número de filhotes, e decréscimo no número de filhotes nascidos no grupo experimental. O peso materno, peso da ninhada e individual dos filhotes não foi diferente entre o controle e experimental. Estes resultados mostram que a periodontite experimental materna prejudica o desempenho reprodutivo da geração F1, mesmo que estes animais não tenham sido expostos diretamente a um processo inflamatório.
INTUSSUSCEPÇÃO JEJUNOJEJUNAL EM POTRO-RELATO DE CASO
Authors: BERLINGIERI MARIA AUGUSTA
Published: February 2017

As intussuscepções são acidentes intestinais incomuns e que podem resultar em desconforto abdominal agudo e progressivo ou recorrente em potros. Esta condição afeta potros neonatos de forma assintomática e de 3 a 12 meses são emergências cirúrgicas quando envolvem o intestino delgado, principalmente o jejuno. A avaliação ultrassonográfica transabdominal é uma importante ferramenta para esses animais devido às limitações de seu tamanho para avaliações do abdômen agudo. O presente relato de caso mostra a importância da utilização do ultrassom transabdominal em potros com abdômen agudo.Unitermos: potros; intussuscepção; ultrassonografia
Ventilation of rats with room air is more adequate than ventilation with pure oxygen
Authors: Carvalho Marcus Vinicius Henriques de , Fruchi André José , Marchi Evaldo
Published: February 2017

O presente estudo investigou se a ventilação de ratos com cilindros de ar comprimido é possível e se esta técnica seria melhor do que o procedimento de ventilação com cilindros de oxigênio comprimido. Vinte ratos foram divididos em dois grupos de dez animais cada. Em um grupo os animais foram ventilados com ar ambiente e o outro grupo foram ventilados com oxigênio puro. Parâmetros dos gases sanguíneos e o índice de oxigenação foram comparados entre os grupos. O grupo dos animais ventilados com oxigênio puro teve hiperóxia no começo e no fim da ventilação mecânica. A PaO2 ficou adequada nos aniamais ventilados com ar ambiente. Não houve diferença significativa na PaCO2 entre os dois grupos no começo e no fim da ventilação mecânica. A média do índice de oxigenação (razão PaO2/FiO2) foi significativamente mais alta no grupo de ar ambiente quando comparado com o grupo do oxigênio puro no começo e no fim da ventilação mecânica (5min: p < 0,001e 60min: p < 0,002). Em conclusão, ventilar ratos com ar ambiente é mais vantajoso do que quando realizado com oxigênio puro porque permite oxigenação adequada sem causar hiperóxia.
Análises de poder em disputa: Foucault e a virada pós-estruturalista nos Subaltern Studies
Authors: Góes Camila Massaro de
Published: February 2017

Os Subaltern Studies indianos surgiram no início dos anos 1980 com o objetivo de reescrever criticamente a história das classes subalternas na Índia, tendo como principal influência teórico-política o pensador italiano Antonio Gramsci. A partir de 1988 identificamos uma “virada pós-estruturalista” no trabalho subalternista, com destaque para a obra de Michel Foucault. Neste artigo buscamos chamar a atenção para a influência do pensamento pós-estruturalista no projeto subalternista, bem como retomar o conflito desta corrente teórica com as ideias marxistas, principalmente no que tange às teorizações sobre os modos de poder e dominação.
Construindo uma burocracia econômica de excelência: concursos de seleção para o Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (BNDES), de 1955 a 2012
Authors: Klüger Elisa
Published: February 2017

O artigo tem o objetivo de assinalar mudanças no perfil das elites burocráticas recrutadas para conduzir o desenvolvimento econômico brasileiro. Para tanto, faz uma descrição detalhada do processo de recrutamento dos profissionais de nível superior que integram o quadro de funcionários do Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (BNDES). Por meio da análise dos editais dos concursos que o Banco fez de 1955 a 2012, pretende-se examinar de que modo inflexões no processo seletivo e nas características daqueles que o Banco pretende recrutar variam de acordo com a trajetória da própria instituição. Serão apresentados, portanto, eventos da história do Banco e alterações nas funções desempenhadas por ele que podem ter tido impactos sobre os procedimentos e conteúdos exigidos na seleção de pessoal. Procura-se, assim, adentrar o universo dos concursos de seleção, considerados requisitos essenciais para a produção de burocracias públicas de qualidade, a partir de uma instituição frequentemente mencionada como paradigma das ilhas de excelência da burocracia econômica do Estado brasileiro.
Um Novo “Espírito” do Capitalismo? A globalização e seu impacto na difusão do pensamento de gestão neoliberal na Alemanha e nas economias do Leste Asiático
Authors: Pohlmann Markus , Lim Hyun-Chin
Published: February 2017

A principal corrente da literatura sobre a globalização é bastante clara em seus pressupostos sobre como ela afeta o empreendimento industrial. Presume-se que ela dá origem a companhias transnacionais e, subsequentemente, a uma classe transnacional de executivos, que se valem do pensamento de gestão neoliberal para acelerar a transformação neoliberal da economia. Este artigo submete tais pressupostos enraizados a um forte teste empírico ao analisar quão transnacionais são as trajetórias de vida de 475 CEOs dos 100 maiores grupos industriais, tanto na Alemanha quanto na Coreia do Sul, Japão e China. Além disso, tendo realizado 148 entrevistas aprofundadas com os CEOs que ocupam os cargos mais altos, o artigo pergunta se há, de fato, um espírito neoliberal do capitalismo em funcionamento. Os resultados indicam que um pensamento de gestão neoliberal não está emergindo e que os altos executivos não são os operadores que levam a uma economia orientada para o mercado financeiro. Embora o pensamento de gestão neoliberal tenha tido algum impacto na alta gerência alemã, os vários sistemas empresariais no Leste Asiático indicam o predomínio de esquemas culturais mais nativos.
Dickkopf‐3 Ablation Attenuates the Development of Atherosclerosis in ApoE‐Deficient Mice
Authors: Cheng Wen‐Lin , Yang Yang , Zhang Xiao‐Jing , Guo Junhong , Gong Jun , Gong Fu‐Han , She Zhi‐Gang , Huang Zan , Xia Hao , Li Hongliang
Published: February 2017

Background

Dickkopf‐3 (
DKK
3) is a negative regulator of the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway, which is involved in inflammation. However, little is known about the relationship between
DKK
3 expression and the progression of atherosclerosis. The aim of the present study was to define the role of
DKK
3 and its potential mechanism in the development of atherosclerosis.

Methods and Results

Immunofluorescence analysis showed that
DKK
3 was strongly expressed in macrophages of atherosclerotic plaques from patients with coronary heart disease and in hyperlipidemic mice. The expression level was significantly increased in atherogenesis.
DKK
3
−/−
ApoE
−/−
mice exhibited a significant decrease in atherosclerotic lesions in the entire aorta, aortic sinus, and brachiocephalic arteries. Transplantation of bone marrow from
DKK
3
−/−
ApoE
−/−
mice into lethally irradiated ApoE
−/−
recipients resulted in a reduction of atherosclerotic lesions, compared with the lesions in recipients transplanted with ApoE
−/−
donor cells, suggesting that the effect of
DKK
3 deficiency was largely mediated by bone marrow–derived cells. A reduction in the necrotic core size, accompanied by increased collagen content and smooth muscle cells and decreased accumulation of macrophages and lipids, contributed to the stability of plaques in
DKK
3
−/−
ApoE
−/−
mice. Furthermore, multiple proinflammatory cytokines exhibited marked decreases in
DKK
3
−/−
ApoE
−/−
mice. Finally, we observed that
DKK
3 ablation increased β‐catenin expression in the nuclei of macrophages both in vivo and in vitro.

Conclusions

DKK
3 expression in macrophages is involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis through modulation of inflammation and inactivation of the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway.
Aphelenchoidid nematodes associated with two dominant Ficus species in Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Sriwati Rina , Takeuchi-Kaneko Yuko , Jauharlina J. , Kanzaki Natsumi
Published: February 2017

Aphelenchoidid nematodes associated with the syconia of two dominant fig species,Ficus hispidaandF. racemosa, were surveyed in Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Nematodes were isolated from sycones and pollinating wasps of these two fig species from four localities in the area, and identified based on the molecular sequences of two genetic loci, D2-D3 expansion segments of large subunit ribosomal RNA (D2-D3 LSU) and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (mtCOI). Molecular sequences of D2-D3 LSU and mtCOI were successfully determined for 44 and 19 individual nematodes, respectively, and these sequences were separated into four clades,i.e., types A-D of D2-D3 LSU and types I-IV of mtCOI. Phylogenetic analysis of the DNA sequences deposited in the GenBank database showed that the DNA sequences corresponded to three species, namely,Martininema baculum(type B/II),Ficophagus fleckeri(types A/I, D/IV) andF. cf.centerae(type C/III). Within these species,F. fleckeriwas separated into two clades as suggested in previous studies and thus it may possibly reflect the existence of two different taxa,F. fleckeriand a cryptic species. The IndonesianF. cf.centeraewas monophyletic with, but clearly separated from, the Chinese population ofF. centeraeand thus the Indonesian population is potentially an undescribed species. Overall, the species composition of fig-associated aphelenchoidids in the Aceh region seemed intermediate between continental Chinese and Australian species. However, further material collections followed by detailed morphological analyses are necessary to characterise or describe these fig-associated aphelenchoidids in Indonesia.
From Reflexivity to Immediacy: Knowledge in Classical and Contemporary German Philosophy
Authors: Städtler Michael
Published: February 2017

Classical German Philosophy belongs to the heritage of the European philosophical tradition, in which philosophical knowledge is defined as an epistemological reflection. Philosophy reflects on scientific knowledge to demonstrate its possibility. Thus objective knowledge is defined as a system whose principle is subjectivity. Since the 19th century, this concept of knowledge has been questioned as has subjectivity as such. Since then, philosophy in Germany has departed from comprehensive reflection and turned towards matters of detail or issues of application. In this paper I argue that the trend of skepticism about knowledge in modern German philosophy is associated with the radical social upheavals of modernity, but without being accompanied by a critical understanding of these upheavals. The first task is to reconstruct the classical concept of knowledge as it appeared in German philosophy, including its crucial relation to scientific knowledge and to history. The second task is to engage with the observation that this tradition of thought is in danger of being lost today. I will point out the role which the linguistic turn in philosophy has played and the means of deconstructing it.
The Professionalization of Philosophy and the Criteria of Philosophical Knowledge
Authors: Tripodi Vera
Published: February 2017

In this paper, I investigate the issue of the professionalization of philosophy, taking as my starting point the debate triggered by the publication of Diego Marconi’s monograph, Il mestiere di pensare (Thinking as a Trade, 2014). This debate about the state of the art of Italian philosophy and the increased tendency towards specialization in philosophy is still on-going. It raises the issue of how to understand the putative split between analytic and continental philosophy, and how to establish standards or criteria for evaluating the quality of philosophical research. I conclude by posing the question about what needs to change in our knowledge practices and suggest that what is needed is an overhauling of our conceptions of trust, reliance, testimony, and justice, with a view to re-defining how social identity affects the way we operate in philosophical practice and how we establish our credibility.
Lectotypification of Bauhinia ferruginea (Fabaceae: Caesalpinioideae)
Authors: BANDYOPADHYAY SUBIR
Published: February 2017

The name Bauhinia ferruginea is lectotypified here superseding the earlier designated neotype.
A new cauliflorous species of Psidium (Myrtaceae) from the Atlantic Forest
Authors: TULER AMÉLIA CARLOS , SOUZA MARCELO DA COSTA , CARRIJO TATIANA TAVARES , PEIXOTO ARIANE LUNA
Published: February 2017

This paper reports a new species of Psidium found only in the Atlantic Forest of Espírito Santo and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Psidium grazielae is related to P. cauliflorum, differing mainly by membranaceous to chartaceous leaves with glandular dots visible on both faces, inconspicuous secondary veins, as well as the absence of trichromes on branches, inflorescences and fruits. We provide the description and illustrations for this new species. The relationship of P. grazielae and P. cauliflorum is discussed, and comments concerning the taxonomy and ecology of the new species are provided.
The Liriomyza (Diptera: Schizophora: Agromyzidae) of Canada & Alaska
Authors: LONSDALE OWEN
Published: February 2017

The Liriomyza (Diptera: Agromyzidae) of Canada and Alaska is revised, with species keyed and illustrated, and new host and geographic records provided. Eighty one species are recognized, including 24 new to science: L. agrios, L. albispina, L. anatolis, L. aphila, L. apilaca, L. aquapolis, L. arenarium, L. atrassimilis, L. bicolumbis, L. charada, L. cracentis, L. elevaster, L. emaciata, L. fumeola, L. gibsoni, L. griffithsi, L. hilairensis, L. limopsis, L. mesocanadensis, L. pilicornis, L. pistilla, L. rigaudensis, L. taraxanox, L. taraxanuda, L. tryssos. Ten species known from the United States are recorded as new to Canada: L. artemisiae Spencer, L. assimilis (Malloch), L. baccharidis Spencer, L. helianthi Spencer, L. merga Lonsdale, L. minor Spencer, L. sabaziae Spencer, L. temperata Spencer, L. violivora (Spencer) and L. virgo (Zetterstedt). Palaearctic species new to North America include L. wachtli Hendel and L. flaveola (Fallén); while the latter species has been recorded in North America before, all previous records represent misidentifications. Hosts are recorded for the first time for L. balcanicoides Sehgal, L. minor Spencer, L. orilliensis Spencer and L. socialis Spencer. Galiomyza Spencer syn. nov. is included as a junior synonym of Liriomyza Mik, resulting in six new combinations.
A Comparison of Equilibrium and Time-Evolving Approaches to Modeling the Wind Profile under Stable Stratification
Authors: Optis Michael , Monahan Adam
Published: February 2017

In this study, the authors contrast the modeling of the wind profile under stable stratification considering both equilibrium (i.e., constant in time) and time-evolving frameworks, as well as one-dimensional (1D) and 3D approaches. The models considered include an equilibrium-based single-column model (SCM), a time-evolving SCM, and a time-evolving 3D mesoscale model. Data obtained from the Cabauw meteorological tower in the Netherlands over a 10-yr period are used to drive the models and to assess model performance. First, a composite dataset of low-level jet (LLJ) case studies was used to demonstrate the ability of the time-evolving SCM and the mesoscale model to accurately simulate the evolving stratification, the inertial oscillation, and the LLJ. The equilibrium SCM did not accurately simulate the LLJ case studies. The mean performances of the different models in different stability classes over the 10-yr period were then compared. Both the equilibrium and time-evolving SCMs were found to overestimate wind speeds in weakly and moderately stable conditions because of the influence of an internal boundary layer but were found to be more accurate in the higher-stability classes. Frequent model breakdown and the tendency to underestimate stratification limited the usefulness of the equilibrium SCM. Despite its various limitations and simplified physics, the time-evolving SCM approach is found to perform comparably to the mesoscale model while using a fraction of the computational cost but requiring local observations. Consequently, an SCM approach may be useful in the context of commercial wind resource assessment.
Intermember Variability of the Summer Northwest Pacific Subtropical Anticyclone in the Ensemble Forecast
Authors: Ma Jing , Xie Shang-Ping , Xu Haiming
Published: February 2017

The accurate prediction of the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) remains a major challenge for the climate research community. The northwest Pacific (NWP) subtropical anticyclone (NWPSA) is the dominant feature of the EASM low-level circulation variability. This study identifies two coupled modes between intermember anomalies of the NWPSA and sea surface temperature (SST). The first mode features SST anomalies over the tropical Pacific. This tropical Pacific mode has little impact on East Asian climate. The second mode features a strong coupling between SST in the north Indian Ocean (NIO)–NWP and NWPSA, with large impacts on East Asia. This resembles the Indo–western Pacific Ocean capacitor (IPOC) mode of interannual variability. Major differences exist in temporal evolution of the intermember SST spread between the equatorial Pacific and NIO. In the equatorial Pacific, the intermember SST spread grows gradually with lead time, while the spread of SST and low-level zonal wind grow rapidly from May to June in the NIO. The rapid growth over the NIO is due to positive feedback arising from the coupling between intermember anomalies of SST and winds. In post–El Niño summer, the intermember spread in equatorial Pacific SST forecast represents the variations in the timing of the El Niño phase transition. The late decay of El Niño relates to SST cooling and an anomalous cyclonic circulation over the South China Sea (SCS) but with little impact on East Asian climate. Thus, a better representation of the IPOC mode of regional ocean–atmosphere interaction over the NIO–NWP holds the key to improving the reliability of seasonal forecast of East Asian climate.