bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Professional Commitment And Whistleblowing Intention: The Role Of National Culture
Authors: Rustiarini Ni Wayan , Yuesti Anik , Dewi Ni Putu Shinta
Published: July 2021

This study aims to identify the effect of professional commitment on whistleblowing intentions. This study also analyzes the role of Hofstede's five dimensions of national culture as moderating variable, including power distance, collectivism, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, and long-term orientation. This study used a survey method. The primary data collection was through a questionnaire distributed to 92 auditors in accounting firms in Bali Province. The result shows that professional commitment positively affects whistleblowing intention. The moderating variable's roles are power distance and collectivism's culture weaken professional commitment and whistleblowing intention relationship. Two other cultures, namely masculinity and a long-term orientation, are proven to strengthen the relationship between professional commitment and whistleblowing intention. Contrary, uncertainty avoidance culture has no significant effect. Theoretically, this study confirms the role of the national culture in the auditing context. This result practically adds insight to regulators and accounting firm leaders in formulating regulations regarding the appropriate whistleblowing system for organizations. There are two limitations. First, this study uses a survey method. This method allows for social desirability bias for sensitive variables, such as whistleblowing. This study also uses the national culture popularized by Hofstede about forty years ago. Thus, further research might use other popular models.
The Effect of CEO Tenure, Capital Intensity, and Firm Size On Tax Avoidance
Authors: Evi Khusnita Ulfa  , Suprapti Eny , Latifah Sri Wahjuni
Published: July 2021

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of CEO tenure, capital intensity, and firm size on tax avoidance. The sample of this study is 88 companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2019 were selected through purpose sampling. The data analysis technique used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis.  The results of the analysis show that CEO tenure has a positive effect on tax avoidance. This means that the longer the CEO tenure will lead to an increase in tax avoidance. Capital intensity and firm size have no effect on tax avoidance. This research has a novelty in the form impact of CEO tenure, capital intensity, and firm size on tax avoidance. Furthermore, the practical contribution to the government, especially the Directorate General of Taxes, is that long tenure  of CEO can lead to tax avoidance. The limitation in this study is the number of samples is less representative in representing the population. This is because there are still companies listed on the IDX that not provide information according to the sample criteria.
Resiliência individual e familiar e o papel das redes de apoio em vítimas de acidente de trânsito: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Andrade Erika Guimaraes Soares De Azevedo , Yunes Maria Angela Mattar , Fernandes Martins Leonardo
Published: July 2021

Esse estudo tem por objetivo apresentar uma revisão integrativa de literatura para analisar o estado da arte de pesquisas publicadas sobre processos de resiliência individual/familiar e redes de apoio em vítimas de acidente de trânsito na situação pós acidente. As bases utilizadas foram PsycInfo, PubMed, Web Of Science e SciELO com os descritores: resiliência; acidentes de trânsito; redes de apoio e resiliência familiar. Foram encontrados 12 artigos como resultado da análise completa dessa revisão. Os achados demostraram escassez de estudos que relacionam simultaneamente: resiliência, acidentes de trânsito, redes de apoio e resiliência familiar. Ademais, grande parte das pesquisas sobre acidente de trânsito possui foco na prevenção. Consideradas as limitações encontradas sugere-se que maior número de pesquisas seja realizado em contextos pós acidente para possibilitar o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas com vistas a melhor qualidade de vida dessa população.
International Legal and Economic Aspects of Dispute Resolution within the WTO in the Context of International Integration
Authors: Kirilenko V. P. , Mishalchenko Yu. V. , Shchepova A. N.
Published: July 2021

The article discusses issues related to the settlement of disputes within the framework of the World Trade Organization, as well as assesses the advantages and disadvantages of this system. The specific problems of the dispute settlement system functioning today are considered, and options for optimizing the dispute resolution mechanism and various ways to improve the effectiveness of legal remedies in cases of non-compliance with decisions are proposed. Special attention is paid to the latest topical disputes involving the Russian Federation, the European Union, Ukraine, China and USA resolved within the framework of the World Tr ade Organization, as well as to the crisis faced by the organization due to the absence of a permanent appeals body.
teletrabajo y su impacto en el estrés de los trabajadores
Authors: Chuco Victoria
Published: July 2021

El efecto del teletrabajo en los trabajadores es un tema de discusión hoy en día. Por esta razón, el principal objetivo de esta investigación es determinar si el efecto del teletrabajo es una causa de estrés y si este efecto es visto de manera diferente por género.
Esta investigación aborda los aspectos teóricos relacionados al teletrabajo, su origen, clasificación, beneficios, desventajas y aspectos que afectan al género femenino cuando labora bajo esta modalidad. De otro lado, se desarrolla el estrés laboral, las fuentes del estrés y niveles de respuesta. Los resultados muestran que, si bien el teletrabajo trata de promover la cercanía con el hogar y reducir así el estrés, el efecto en el personal que realiza sus labores mediante el teletrabajo aumenta sus niveles de estrés.
Este trabajo también muestra que las mujeres tienen más posibilidades de hacer teletrabajo, ya que hoy en día las mujeres también realizan trabajo remunerado con el no remunerado. Esta combinación de trabajo y vida familiar lleva a un efecto negativo del teletrabajo en las mujeres y a un mayor estrés en las mujeres que en los hombres.
A Review on Outliers-Detection Methods for Multivariate Data
Authors: Syed Abd Mutalib Sharifah Sakinah , Satari Siti Zanariah , Wan Yusoff Wan Nur Syahidah
Published: July 2021

Data in practice are often of high dimension and multivariate in nature. Detection of outliers has been one of the problems in multivariate analysis. Detecting outliers in multivariate data is difficult and it is not sufficient by using only graphical inspection. In this paper, a nontechnical and brief outlier detection method for multivariate data which are projection pursuit method, methods based on robust distance and cluster analysis are reviewed. The strengths and weaknesses of each method are briefly discussed.
Saúde e cidadania na atual conjuntura jurídica: o caso da pandemia de COVID-19 no Brasil
Authors: De Oliveira Rodrigues Wagner , Nascimento Reis Filho Jamilton
Published: July 2021

O presente artigo aborda questões sociojurídicas relativas à saúde pública e aos direitos de cidadania no decurso de uma pandemia ainda não superada (COVID-19) em nível global e brasileiro. Apontar, por meio de uma leitura conceitual inicial sobre direitos humanos e fundamentais, a saúde pública como expressão vívida de cidadania pode dar suporte inicial para se compreender os reclamos advindos da sociedade atual no enfrentamento do atual flagelo social. Para tanto, utilizou de uma metodologia discursiva e referencial. O raciocínio, assim, é construído de forma a compreender a percepção brasileira, anterior e atual, acerca desta realidade e provocar reflexões sobre como elementos externos influenciam, fatalmente, o acesso aos direitos de cidadania (como o da saúde em comento).
Pengembangan Media Promosi Kesehatan Tentang Bahaya Penggunaan Earphone Mahasiswa Universitas Airlangga Di Surabaya
Authors: Yudiasari Novia , Widati Sri
Published: July 2021

Penggunaan Earphone secara berlebihan beresiko terjadinya gangguan pendengaran. Pengguna terbanyak pada usia remaja hingga dewasa muda (mahasiswa). Berdasarkan hasil studi pendahuluan sebagian besar mahasiswa Universitas Airlangga belum mengetahui bahaya penggunaan Earphone dan belum adanya media promosi kesehatan mengenai Earphone. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perbedaan pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku mahasiswa sebelum dan sesudah diberi media dan mengetahui keefektifan antara sosial media instagram dan youtube dalam penyebaran media promosi kesehatan yang telah dibuat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental. Sampel penelitian sebesar 100 orang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok menjadi 50 orang pengguna sosial media Instagram dan 50 orang pengguna sosial media youtube diambil menggunakan purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data meliputi karakteristik responden, media, hingga tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku terhadap penggunaan Earphone menggunakan kuesioner online. Analisis data menggunakan paired t-test untuk melihat perbedaan pengetahuan, sikap, perilaku sebelum dan sesudah diberi media dan independent t-test untuk melihat perbedaan pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku kelompok instagram dan kelompok youtube. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku antara kedua kelompok sebelum dan sesudah diberi media. Pada hasil uji keefektifan antara kedua kelompok menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan signifikan pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku. Video animasi merupakan media yang efektif untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku mahasiswa. Sosial media instagram dan youtube memiliki kekuatan yang sama. Saran dari peneliti adanya himbauan penggunaan Earphone bagi pihak kampus kepada mahasiswa.
Kerentanan Kejadian Penyakit Berbasis Lingkungan Pada Masyarakat Terdampak Bencana Di Daerah Pesisir Kabupaten Donggala
Authors: Arifin Pitriani , Radhiah Sitti , Sanjaya Kiki
Published: July 2021

ISPA dan diare yang merupakan penyakit berbasis lingkungan selalu masuk dalam 10 besar penyakit tertinggi di hampir seluruh puskesmas di Indonesia1. Hendrik L. Bloom mengemukakan lingkungan sebagai faktor utama determinan kesehatan masyarakat, kerentanan masyarakat terhadap penyakit ISPA dan diare berkaitan erat dengan sanitasi dasar dan kondisi fisik rumah.  Berdasarkan studi pendahuluan diketahui kejadian penyakit berbasis lingkungan meningkat tajam di Kelurahan Boneoge pasca bencana. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan pendekatan SIG yang bertujuan melihat sebaran kejadian penyakit berbasis lingkungan dikaitkan dengan ketersediaan fasilitas sanitasi dasar dan kondisi fisik rumah. Populasi penelitian adalah semua keluarga yang bermukim di Boneoge. Penarikan sampel secara cluster random sampling dimana perwakilan sampel diambil dari 3 RW dengan jumlah keseluruhan 90 KK. Penentuan titik koordinat rumah responden menggunakan GPS, analisa data spasial dengan aplikasi Arc view GIS 3.3. Pendataan ketersediaan fasilitas sanitasi dasar dan kondisi fisik rumah responden menggunakan kuesioner terstandar dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel distribusi frekuensi. Dari hasil pengumpulan data diketahui faktor lingkungan fisik rumah berupa kepadatan hunian (57.8%) dan jenis dinding rumah (65.5%) responden masuk dalam kategori kerentanan tinggi terhadap kejadian ISPA sedangkan aspek luas ventilasi (65.5%) masih memenuhi syarat kesehatan, demikian juga aspek perilaku merokok dalam rumah tidak berpotensi menyebabkan kerentanan ISPA pada masyarakat setempat. Faktor akses terhadap sanitasi dasar menunjukkan kebutuhan air bersih masyarakat telah terpenuhi, sebaliknya rendahnya kepemilikan jamban (60% KK tidak memiliki jamban) merupakan kerentanan tinggi terhadap kejadian diare.
Perioperative Nursing Care for Pediatric Patient with Paroxysmal and Atrioventricular Reentrant Tachycardia undergoing Radio Frequeney Catheter Ablation: Case Study
Authors: Wang siting , WEI Lihua , LIU Lili , ZHANG Yuanyuan , ZHOU Wei , LING Yun
Published: July 2021

In this report , we describe the perioperative care of pediatric patient
with PSVT undergoing RFCA, in order to improve our understanding of the
disease, and provide evidence for its nursing intervention.
The significance of the detoxification system disorders in fibrogenesis in Chronic Viral Hepatitis С in children
Authors: Galova E. A. , Krasnov V. V.
Published: July 2021

Aim: to determine the relationship between of levels»protoxic» metabolites and «profibrotic» metabolites in the blood serum in children with chronic viral hepatitis C (HCV).

Material and methods: the authors examined 54 children 14.0[6,0] years old with HCV. The blood serum levels of Molecules of average mass, Oligopeptides, Alcohol dehydrogenase, Glutathione-S-transferase, Ammonia, Arginase and Collagen IV have been studied.

Results: A high level of «protoxic» metabolites in the blood serum was associated with a disorder of their elimination. The relationship with viral replication and biochemical hepatitis activity has not been identified. The collagen IV blood serum level was correlated with the accumulation and elimination of «protoxic» metabolites: R = 0.63, F = 5.19, p = 0.018.

Conclusion: The level of collagen IV in the children's blood serum was associated with the accumulation and the elimination of «protoxic» metabolites.
Improving the therapy of generalized forms of Meningococcal infection in children using extracorporeal hemocorrection
Authors: Markova K. V. , Skripchenko E. Yu. , Serednyakov K. V. , Lobzin Yu. V. , Skripchenko N. V. , Karev V. E. , Uskov A. N. , Vilnits A. A. , Gorelik E. Yu.
Published: July 2021

Invasive meningococcal infection is a significant cause of death, reaching 80% in septic shock. The Pediatric Research and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases (PRCCID) has developed an algorithm for the treatment of children with invasive meningococcal infection with refractory septic shock and multiple organ failure syndrome, which includes basic drug therapy with polymyxin hemoperfusion in combination with extended methods of extracorporeal hemocorrection.

Purpose: to evaluate the effectiveness of extracorporeal hemocorrection operations in children with invasive meningococcal infection with refractory septic shock and multiple organ failure syndrome.

Materials and research methods: to the intensive care unit of the PRCCID for the analyzed period 2006—2020 34 children were hospitalized with invasive meningococcal infection with refractory septic shock and multiple organ failure syndrome. Two groups were formed: Group 1 — children admitted to the PRCCID in the period 2014—2020 (n = 23), who underwent polymyxin hemoperfusion simultaneously with extended methods of extracorporeal hemocorrection, group 2 — children hospitalized in 2006—201 3 (n = 1 1), methods of extracorporeal hemocorrection were not performed. The Mann-Whitney U-test and ANOVA were used to evaluate the results.

Results and discussion: the use of extracorporeal hemocorrection operations in the complex therapy of invasive forms of meningococcal infection with refractory septic shock and multiple organ failure syndrome in children provides stabilization of central hemodynamics, reduces clinical and laboratory inflammatory reactions, helps to reduce the dose of vasopressor drugs and parameters of respiratory support, and also increases patient survival rate by 82.6%.
Features of a new Coronavirus infection in children of different ages
Authors: Shakmaeva M. A. , Chernova T. M. , Timchenko V. N. , Nachinkina T. A. , Tetyushin K. V. , Kaplina T. A. , Subbotina M. D. , Bulina O. V. , Afanasyeva O. I.
Published: July 2021

The new coronavirus infection (COVID-1 9) is a socially significant problem around the world. According to available statistics, complications are less common among children, asymptomatic or mild forms of the disease prevail more often.

This article presents the features of the viral landscape of the upper respiratory tract in children with ARVI in a pandemic, the clinical and laboratory features of the course of COVID-1 9 in children of different ages.

It was found that SARS-CoV-2 is detected only in a third (32.9%) of hospitalized patients with respiratory symptoms, in 4.3% of cases — in combination with seasonal CoV-OC43 / CoV-229E, in 1 1.6% — with other respiratory viruses. The most frequent source of infection with the SARS-Cov-2 were family members. Children with a moderate form of the disease predominated among the patients. The leading symptoms of COVID-19 were fever, catarrhal symptoms, as well as gastrointestinal manifestations and anosmia. A feature of the new coronavirus infection in newborns and children of the first month of life was the absence of fever and intoxication, the lack of expression of catarrhal manifestations when the colon is involved in the pathological process (colitis, rarely — hemocolitis). In the compete blood test in children under the age of one year, monocytosis prevailed, in children over 7 years old — leukopenia and accelerated ESR. Among the changes in the biochemical analysis of blood, the most common was an increased C-reactive protein.
Clinical case of multisystem inflammatory syndrome development in a child with new coronavirus infection
Authors: Belan Yu. B. , Gashina E. A. , Lobova E. F. , Shefer E. P.
Published: July 2021

Objective:The article deals with a clinical case of new coronavirus infection in a 1 5-year-old child who was receiving treatment in an infectious diseases hospital of City Children's Clinical Hospital №3 during the period from 1 0 October to 1 December 2020.

Materials and methods. The diagnosis was confirmed through nasal swabs examination for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA using PCR and SARS-CoV-2 IgM detection through ELISA.

Results.The main feature of the infection course in the present patient was multisystem inflammatory syndrome development with long-term fever, maculopapular rash and multisystemic lesions including bilateral pneumonia, acute carditis and polyserositis.
Microfacies and biostratigraphy of an Upper Triassic Dachstein limestone fore-reef block in the Jurassic Sirogojno carbonate-clastic Mélange (Zlatibor Mt., SW Serbia)
Authors: Zöhrer Oliver , Hans-Jürgen Gawlick , Pleş George , Sudar Milan , Jovanovic Divna
Published: July 2021

In the late Middle to early Late Jurassic carbonate-clastic Sirogojno Melange in the Zlatibor Mountain there is one roughly 35 m thick overturned block with an intact Late Triassic fore-reefal Dachstein Limestone succession studied for its biostratigraphic age, content and microfacies characteristics. The succession starts with coarse-grained rudstones followed by meter-sized reefal blocks intercalated in partly layered resedimented grainstones and packstones with abundant reef-building organisms like calcareous sponges, corals and encrusting organisms. Inside this part of the succession open-marine influenced layers are rare. The succession continues with a partly turbiditic sequence and chaotic rudstones, densely packed with reef-derived material like broken reefbuilding organisms and shallow-water material like gastropods, bivalves and foraminifers. Grainstones with clear open-marine influence (e.g., thin-shelled bivalves, crinoids, conodonts) appear in between those rudstones, in cases lumachelle layers be composed of halobiids were deposited. To the end of the succession some layers show turbiditic bedding with mixed shallow-water and deep-marine grains and organisms, i.e. filaments and crinoids. On base of conodonts, foraminifers, calcareous algae, holothurians and halobiids throughout the whole studied succession, a middle Norian (Alaunian) to Rhae tian 1, most probably a late Norian (Sevatian) age can be assigned to this fore-reefal Dachstein Limestone succession, with a similar sedimentation pattern like Late Triassic Dachstein fore-reef limestone facies, e.g., in the Northern Calcareous Alps or the eastern Southern Alps. The study of this block in the Sirogojno Melange closes an important gap in knowledge about the extent, facies and stratigraphy of the Dachstein Carbonate Platform evolution in the Dinarides.
Witness of the history: A hundred years old the geological hammer of Jovan Zujovic
Authors: Rundic Ljupko
Published: July 2021

During the celebration of thirty years of existence and work of the Serbian Geological Society (SGS) on February 10, 1921, as a sign of great respect toward Academician Jovan Zujovic, the President and founder of the Serbian Geological Society and father of the Serbian Geological School, all the members of SGS gave him an unique geological hammer with engraved dedication and their signatures. Over the past hundred years, many generations of geologists have found inspiration by looking at the hammer and sharing this story with great reverence. Today, when geologists visit the Memorial Room of Geology (Faculty of Mining and Geology, Kamenicka Street No. 6), where this hammer is carefully kept as well as other valuable exhibits from the history of Serbian geology, similar feelings fill us.
The experiences and expectations of returnees to Serbia during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Veskovic-Andjelkovic Milica
Published: July 2021

This article discusses the experiences of Serbian citizens who came back to
their country of origin just before or at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic
and the introduction of the state of emergency. We analysed their motives to
return and their experiences during self-isolation. We also highlighted the
problems they encountered at the beginning of the pandemic and the impact
they had expected the pandemic would have on their social and economic
status. The paper covers their plans for mobility after the end of pandemic,
as well as potential motives for staying in Serbia. The aim is to show that
even though a large number of citizens came back to Serbia when the crisis
broke out and could not have predicted what would happen to their social and
economic status in their destination countries, they still did not intend to
stay in Serbia after the end of the pandemic. The whole social system in
Serbia would need to be changed for them to decide to stay. Discussion of
the results is based on data collected at the beginning of pandemic by
researchers from the Institute of Sociological Research, one of whom was the
author of this paper. Due to the health risks related to the coronavirus, we
used a quantitative method: a questionnaire distributed online via the
Google platform. As such, the respondents were mostly young and educated
people who took part in the research because they used the internet on a
daily basis and were able to fill in the survey easily. For this reason, the
results presented in this article cannot be generalised to represent the
whole population, but only the respondents of this research. The findings
are placed within a contextual framework in which the world?s population is
extremely mobile. We recognised a similarly high level of mobility among
Serbian citizens, too. The COVID-19 pandemic has affected many different
aspects of life, and so a large share of respondents decided to come back to
their home country. This was a normal coping strategy, especially for those
migrants who did not have officially recognised status in their destination
country. Returnees faced many problems when they returned to their home
country; they had to self-isolate and did not know what would happen with
their jobs once the pandemic was over. They also didn?t know if they would
receive an income or what would happen with the social system, either in
their home country or in their country of emigration. Analysis of the data
revealed that despite their expectations of an economic crisis following the
drastic measures introduced to suppress the spread of the coronavirus, a
large share of respondents believed that the crisis wouldn?t have an impact
on their material and social status in their destination country. Because of
that, we noted that most respondents wished to go back to their destination
country after the crisis was over. However, it?s suggested that if we want
them to stay in Serbia, then the state should introduce measures that
include both economic and social reforms.
Excess mortality in Europe and Serbia during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020
Authors: Marinkovic Ivan , Galjak Marko
Published: July 2021

The 2020 pandemic came at a huge demographic cost, particularly regarding the
increase in mortality. In this paper we examine excess deaths in Serbia and
34 other European countries in 2020. Methodological inconsistencies and big
differences in how COVID-19 deaths were recorded across different countries
make it difficult to make any cross-country comparisons, even with the scope
limited only to Europe. Since the number of total deaths is a
methodologically solid indicator, we looked at the differences between the
total number of deaths in 2020 and compared that to deaths in 2019. The
lowest increase in mortality - below 5% - occurred in countries in the north
of Europe (Norway, Denmark, Finland, Latvia), while the highest increase -
over 18% - was recorded in the southern and central parts of the continent
(Albania, Northern Macedonia, Spain, Belgium, Poland, Slovenia, Russia).
There is no clear geographical regularity. In 2020, Serbia had 12.6% more
deaths compared to 2019, which was close to the European average. Within
Serbia, statistical differences between regions were not large. Measuring
the contribution of COVID-19 deaths to excess mortality is much more
problematic. The excess death ratio is more helpful for understanding
methodological and data-gathering issues than finding evidence about
composition and divergence in mortality. According to this indicator (based
on preliminary data), only 25% of excess deaths in Serbia in 2020 were
caused by COVID-19, while the European average was 54%. However, in many
(primarily Eastern European) countries in 2020, the indirect consequences of
COVID-19 on the health of the population were more significant than the
direct ones. It is precisely the ratio of COVID-19 diagnoses that led to
death in total mortality that shows this. The final results may confirm this
statement or indicate potential data manipulation. While this paper focuses
only on the year 2020, as of Q1 of 2021, the pandemic is not nearing its
end. Based on preliminary data published daily, Serbia had more COVID-19
deaths in the first four months of 2021 than for the whole of 2020. This
indicates that the consequences of the pandemic for Serbia will be dire in
2021, regardless of the course the pandemic takes.
The Low-Expression Variant of FABP4 Is Associated With Cardiovascular Disease in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Dahlström Emma H. , Saksi Jani , Forsblom Carol , Uglebjerg Nicoline , Mars Nina , Thorn Lena M. , Harjutsalo Valma , Rossing Peter , Ahluwalia Tarunveer S. , Lindsberg Perttu J. , Sandholm Niina , Groop Per-Henrik
Published: July 2021

Fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) is implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiometabolic disorders. Pharmacological inhibition or genetic deletion of FABP4 improves cardiometabolic health and protects against atherosclerosis in preclinical models. As cardiovascular disease (CVD) is common in type 1 diabetes, we examined the role of FABP4 in the development of complications in type 1 diabetes, focusing on a functional, low-expression variant (rs77878271) in the promoter of the FABP4 gene. For this, we assessed the risk of CVD, stroke, coronary artery disease (CAD), end-stage kidney disease, and mortality using Cox proportional hazards models for the FABP4 rs77878271 in 5,077 Finnish individuals with type 1 diabetes. The low-expression G allele of rs77878271 increased the risk of CVD, independent of confounders. Findings were tested for replication in 852 Danish and 3,678 Finnish individuals with type 1 diabetes. In the meta-analysis, each G allele increased the risk of stroke by 26% (P = 0.04), CAD by 26% (P = 0.006), and CVD by 17% (P = 0.003). In Mendelian randomization, a 1-SD unit decrease in FABP4 increased risk of CAD 2.4-fold. Hence, in contrast with the general population, among patients with type 1 diabetes the low-expression G allele of rs77878271 increased CVD risk, suggesting that genetically low FABP4 levels may be detrimental in the context of type 1 diabetes.
Diabetes and COVID-19: Population Impact 18 Months Into the Pandemic
Authors: Gregg Edward W. , Sophiea Marisa K. , Weldegiorgis Misghina
Published: July 2021

Eighteen months into the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19]) pandemic, epidemiologic studies indicate that diabetes is a central contributor to severe COVID-19 morbidity, and, conversely, COVID-19 has had a devastating effect on the population with diabetes. In this literature synthesis, we summarize the relationship of diabetes to COVID-19–related morbidity and mortality, discuss the predictors of severe adverse outcomes and implications of the overall pandemic, and critique the current status of and identify needs for epidemiologic studies for the next phase of the pandemic. Case series show that ∼30–40% of people with COVID-19–related hospitalization, severe morbidity requiring intensive care, and/or death have type 2 or type 1 diabetes. Among hospitalized individuals with diabetes, ∼21–43% required intensive care and case fatality is ∼25%. Risk of severe morbidity and mortality is 100–250% higher among people with diabetes than those without, even after adjustment for sociodemographic factors and comorbid conditions. Impact on the general population with diabetes has been similarly dire, as overall mortality rates were 50% higher than historical trends, a net increase more than twice that of the general population. Of the excess deaths, ∼75–80% are not officially attributed to COVID-19, which raises unanswered questions about missed attribution or collateral impact. Many predictors of poor outcomes have been identified, particularly comorbid conditions (chronic kidney disease, coronary heart disease, and heart failure), concurrent obesity, and acute and chronic poor HbA1c control, that point to the potential to reduce severe morbidity and mortality in its next stages. However, response to the continuing pandemic will benefit from population-wide studies with broader examination of the risks of exposure, infection, and hospitalization, for which few data currently exist. The indirect impact of the pandemic’s effects on health services, health behaviors, disease management, care, control, and complications has not been well quantified; determining this impact will be essential to lessen the future impact. Expanding epidemiologic studies of the relationship of diabetes to COVID-19 beyond few high-income countries will also be essential to limit the burden in low- and middle-income countries where 80% of individuals with diabetes reside and where the COVID-19 pandemic has been so damaging.
Effect of Lime and Integrated Nutrient Management on Rice-pea Cropping System
Authors:   Dept. of Agronomy, School of Agricultural Sciences and Rural Development (SASRD), Nagaland University, Medziphema campus (SASRD), Nagaland University, Medziphema, Dimapur, Nagaland (797 106), India, Ao Arenjungla , Kithan Lowrence ,   AICRP on Pigeonpea, School of Agricultural Sciences and Rural Development (SASRD), Nagaland University, Medziphema campus (SASRD), Nagaland University, Medziphema, Dimapur, Nagaland (797 106), India, Longkumer L. Tongpang Longkumer ,   Dept. of Agronomy, School of Agricultural Sciences and Rural Development (SASRD), Nagaland University, Medziphema campus (SASRD), Nagaland University, Medziphema, Dimapur, Nagaland (797 106), India
Published: July 2021

The field experiment was conducted to study the individual and synergistic effects of lime, NPK and manure application on rice–pea productivity during the kharif and rabi seasons of 2016–17 and 2017–18 from June to January in the experimental farm of SASRD, Nagaland University, Nagaland State, India. The experiment was laid out in Factorial Randomized Block Design with two levels of lime viz. without lime, Lime @ 2 q ha-1 and four levels of integrated nutrient management viz. Recommended Dose of Fertilizers, Recommended Dose of Fertilizers (75%)+Farm Yard Manure @ 6 t ha-1, Recommended Dose of Fertilizers (75%)+Poultry manure @ 1 t ha-1 and Recommended Dose of Fertilizers (75%)+Azospirillum+Phosphorus Solubilizing Bacteria and replicated thrice. Results revealed that the application of lime @ 2 q ha-1 brought about a significant increase in the growth and yield attributes of rice and pea. Among the nutrient sources, the application of Recommended Dose of Fertilizers (75%)+Farm Yard Manure@ 6 t ha-1 proved superior in terms of growth and yield over other treatments. With regard to economics like gross return ha-1, net return ha-1, benefit-cost ratio, system productivity and Rice Equivalent Yield (REY) treatment interactions of lime @ 2 q ha-1 and Recommended dose of fertilizers (75%)+farm yard manure @ 6 t ha-1 performed better by recording the highest.
Quality Dahi Preparation in Automated Controlled Ambient Conditions
Authors:   Dairy Engineering Division, ICAR-NDRI, Karnal (132 001), India, - Chitranayak , Jaiswal Premkumar ,   Dairy Engineering Division, ICAR-NDRI, Karnal (132 001), India, Minz P. S. ,   Dairy Engineering Division, ICAR-NDRI, Karnal (132 001), India, Vairat Amita D. ,   Dairy Engineering Division, ICAR-NDRI, Karnal (132 001), India, Kumari Khushbu ,   Dairy Engineering Division, ICAR-NDRI, Karnal (132 001), India, Raju P. N. ,   Dairy Technology Division, ICAR-NDRI, Karnal (132 001), India
Published: July 2021

This automated controlled system eliminates the need of two separate places for incubation of the curd at higher temperature in the range of 39 to 43°C and then shifting the set curd cups into cold rooms for storage purpose and kept at about 4 to 5°C.The transient cooling process of dahi, set in cups and also in steel containers placed in cold air flow was conducted in this experimental study. Recording of the temperature of dahi-cups and of the supplied air were done at regular intervals until the temperature reached below 4°C to 5°C. The exponential curves of cooling by forced convection process for the dimensionless temperature of curd were obtained for the trials conducted at the different velocities of cooling air flow. It was found that the surface heat transfer coefficient increased and duration of cooling decreased by increasing the air velocities from 0.5 m/s by evaluating the Biot number and surface heat transfer coefficient. In the initial period of cooling this pattern was more effective and reduced for higher velocities of air from 3.5 to 4.5 m/s. The method of incubation and storing dahi-cups at the same place and changing the ambient temperature of the whole environment instead of changing the place of dahi-cups for cooling purpose have been applied in this research work to control the problem of whey-off in set-curd.
Evaluation of Developmental and Reproductive Fitness of Laboratory Selected Thiamethoxam Resistance in Black Legume Aphid Aphis craccivora Koch.
Authors:   Faculty of Agriculture, Sri Sri University, Cuttack, Odisha (754 006), India, Routray S. , Mishra H. P. ,   Dept. of Entomology, College of Agriculture, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, Odisha (754 003), India
Published: July 2021

Thiamethoxam is a neonicotinoid group of insecticide which are selective agonists of the insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR), a pentameric cys-loop ligand-gated ion channel located in the central nervous system of insects. They provide farmers with invaluable, highly effective tools against some of the world’s most destructive crop pests. Black legume aphids, Aphis craccivora is one of the devastating polyphagous pests in agroecosystem and to manage their population, farmers are still relying on application of synthetic insecticides like Thiamethoxam. To evaluate the risk of resistance development, selection of A. craccivora was done to characterize Thiamethoxam resistance along with evaluation of developmental and reproductive fitness cost of the resistance. About 86.19 folds of resistance were developed after selecting for 24 generations. In the first twelve generations steady development of resistance was noticed followed by development become stiffer till 16th generation and more or less stable till 24th generations. Relative fitness of the selected resistant strain of aphids was decreased with longer nymphal duration and adult longevity. The mean nymphal duration was increased from 4.35±1.02 days (in F0) to 7.9±0.57 days (in F24). The fecundity rate was significantly less in resistant population (16.0±5.34) as compared to the susceptible strain (54.71±7.63) whereas, oviposition periods were significantly longer (12.49±1.44 days) in resistant population as compare to susceptible strain (9.50±1.22 days).
Effect of Nitrogen and Zinc on Growth and Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors:   Dept. of Agriculture, Mata Gujri College, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab (147 002), India, Singh Jagdeep , Partap Ram ,   ICAR–Indian Institute of Soil & Water Conservation Research Centre, Vasad, Dist. Anand, Gujarat (388 306), India, Singh Amritpal ,   Dept. of Agriculture, Mata Gujri College, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab (147 002), India, Kumar Naresh ,   Dept. of Agriculture, Maharaja Agarsen Agriculture College, Suratgargh, Dist. Sriganganagar, Rajasthan (335 804), India, - Krity ,   Dept. of Agriculture, Dolphin (PG) College of Science and Agriculture, Chunni Kalan, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab (140 406), India
Published: July 2021

The experiment was laid out on the effect of nitrogen and zinc on growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) at Research Farm of the Department of Agriculture, Mata Gujri College, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, India during kharif (July to October) season of 2017. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design three replication with eight treatments. The soil of the experimental field was Gangetic alluvial having clay loam texture with pH 7.5. It was moderately fertile, with available nitrogen (285.24 kg ha-1), available phosphorus (26.15 kg ha-1), available potassium (250.84 kg ha-1) and available zinc (1.42 mg kg-1). The maximum growth parameter viz. plant height (cm), LAI (%), dry matter accumulation (g) and the highest yield attributes and yield parameters viz., number of cob-1, length of cob (cm), test weight (g), number of grain cob-1, grain yield (q ha-1), stover yield (q ha-1), biological yield (q ha-1) and harvest index (%) was recorded at 30, 60, 90 DAS and at harvest stage with the application of nitrogen @150 kg ha-1++zinc @30 kg ha-1 which was at par with the treatments namely; nitrogen @150 kg ha-1++zinc @15 kg ha-1 and nitrogen @150 kg ha-1. All the treatments significantly influenced the growth and yield attributes as compared to control. The maximum net returns (` 89977 ha-1) and benefit:cost ratio (1.58) has been recorded with application of nitrogen @150 kg ha-1++zinc @30 kg ha-1.
Deficit Irrigation-Nutrient Coupling on Growth, Yield, Fruit Quality and Water Use Efficiency of Indian Jujube
Authors:   Dept. of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur West Bengal (741 252), India, Pal Payel , Patra Sanmay Kumar ,   Dept. of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur West Bengal (741 252), India, Ray Ratneswar ,   Dept. of Soil and Water Conservation, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur West Bengal (741 252), India
Published: July 2021

Sustainability of quality fruit production in Indian jujube is adversely affected by improper irrigation and nutrient management. A field study comprising of four irrigation levels (drip irrigation at 0.8, 0.6 and 0.4 of pan evaporation (E0) and surface irrigation at 1.0 IW/CPE with 50 mm depth) and three nutrient levels (100% RDF, 75% RDF+25% RDF as vermicompost and 50% RDF+50% RDF as vermicompost) was conducted during 2018-19 (11 months) on jujube plant. Results showed that tallest tree (3.72 m), greatest tree circumference (0.32 m), maximum fruits tree-1 (563), highest fruit weight (15.5 g) and fruit yield tree-1 (8.42 kg) were recorded with drip irrigation at 0.8 E0 with 100% RDF. Minimum growth, yield components and yield were found with drip irrigation at 0.4 E0 with 50% RDF+50% RDF as vermicompost. Seasonal ETa was 373.6, 409.4 and 446.4 mm for drip irrigation at 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 E0, respectively and 694 mm for surface irrigation. Maximum CWUE of 18.87 g tree-1 mm-1 was obtained with drip irrigation at 0.8 E0 with 100% RDF. About 55.7-75.5% water was saved by drip irrigations which could bring an additional area of 55.5-85.8% under drip irrigated jujube. Highest predicted yield of 9.02 kg tree-1 was accomplished with 278 mm irrigation water. This model approach could serve as a good guideline to yield potential decision in relation to limited irrigation water for jujube growers in the Indo-Gangetic plains or similar agro-climatic regions.
Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide Activates Toll-Like Receptor 2 and Toll-Like Receptor 4 Gene Expression in PBMC of Vechur Cattle
Authors:   Dept. of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Salem (636 112), India, Lakshmi R. , Jayavardhanan K. K. ,   Dept. of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Thrissur, Kerala (680 651), India, Thanislass J. ,   Dept. of Veterinary Biochemistry, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Veterinary  Education & Research, Puducherry (605 009), India, Visha P. ,   Dept. of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Salem (636 112), India
Published: July 2021

Vechur cattle, an indigenous breed of Kerala and it is the smallest cattle breed in the world. They are highly disease resistant. The occurrence of mastitis is very Rare in this breed as compared to crossbred cattle. Rearing of these Vechur breed is more cost effective as they require less feed. Therefore, characterisation of factors involved in the immune system of these breeds might provide an insight into the mechanisms involved in the variation in disease resistance. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are part of the innate immunity, can recognize the particular pathogens through Pathogen Associated Molecular pattern s (PAMPs) and play important roles in host defense. TLR2 and TLR4 important TLR mediate the responsiveness to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Since Vechur cattle are less susceptible to mastitis, in vitro expression assay of TLRs were accessed by challenging the Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC) with bacterial LPS. Treatment of PBMC with LPS, significantly increased TLR2 and TLR4 genes expression (p≤0.01) in Vechur cattle breed when compared with that of control and crossbred cattle. Among the two TLRs studied, the relative expression of mRNA in Vechur cattle was relatively higher for TLR2 (6.90) than TLR4 (4.24). The higher expression of TLR 2 and TLR 4might contribute maximum innate immune response against the mastitis bacteria in Vechur cattle.
System Productivity and Resource Use Efficiency of Alternative Cropping Systems for Sugarcane in Karnataka
Authors:   Dept. of Agronomy, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka (580 005), India, Sadashivanagowda S. N. O. , Alagundagi S. C. ,   Dept. of Agronomy, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka (580 005), India, Nadagouda B. T. ,   Dept. of Agronomy, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka (580 005), India, Bidari B. I. ,   Dept. of Soil Science and Agril. Chemistry,University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka (580 005), India, Chimmad V. P. ,   Dept. of Crop Physiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka (580 005), India
Published: July 2021

The field experiments were conducted at Agricultural Research Station, Hukkeri, Belagavi, Karnataka, India during 2018–19 and 2019–20 to study the system productivity and resource use efficiency of alternative cropping systems for sugarcane. There were 11 treatments involving different cropping systems viz., soybean–sorghum–ridge gourd, pigeon pea±green gram (1:1)–beans, pigeon pea±soybean (1:1)–cowpea, soybean–wheat–groundnut, groundnut–sorghum–sesame, maize–cabbage–fallow, soybean–wheat–green gram, maize–wheat–sesame, Bt cotton–groundnut, sugarcane±onion (1:2) and sugarcane (sole) replicated thrice and laid out in randomized complete block design. Among the cropping systems, maize-cabbage-fallow system recorded significantly higher total system productivity (58,234 kg ha-1), water use efficiency (199.67 kg ha-1-mm) and energy use efficiency (129.91 MJ ha-1) compared to rest of the cropping systems. However, sugarcane (sole) recorded (1,11,008 kg ha-1, 68.64 kg ha-1-mm and 16.58 MJ ha-1, respectively). Based on alternative cropping systems involving only field crops, maize-wheat-sesame (9633 kg ha-1, 30.65 kg ha-1-mm and 132.20 MJ ha-1, respectively), soybean-wheat-groundnut (7602 kg ha-1, 27.40 kg ha-1-mm and 32.35 MJ ha-1,, respectively), soybean-wheat-green gram (6424 kg ha-1, 23.05 kg ha-1-mm and 31.91 MJ ha-1, respectively) and Bt cotton-groundnut (4503 kg ha-1, 17.97 kg ha-1-mm and 16.95 MJ ha-1, respectively) were significantly higher. By adopting the alternative cropping systems, there was water saving of approximately 45% compared to sugarcane monocropping and sugarcane±onion (1:2) intercropping.
Theoretical substantiation of integration of innovative technological processes into educational activity
Authors: Khryk Vasyl , Dushechkina Nataliia , Zozuliak-Sluchyk Rоksoliana , Antonenko Volodymyr , Potashnіuk Irуna , Chaika Yana
Published: July 2021

The article shows that the introduction of innovative teaching methods makes it possible to transfer a large amount of knowledge in a fairly short period of time, to ensure a high level of mastery by students of the studied material and to consolidate it in practice. The paper considers an innovative teaching technology - the method of specific situations (Case-study).
Analysis of stylistic repetitions in economic discourse
Authors: Vinogradova Elizaveta Andreevna , Kuznetsova Marina Vladimirovna
Published: July 2021

The article covers the issue of the use of stylistic repetitions as a figure of speech in economic discourse. The topic is quite relevant today, given that this kind of syntactic stylistic devices is frequently used. The objective of the present article is to touch upon the issue of such a linguistic phenomenon as stylistic repetition, to find the regularities of its functioning and to present comparative analysis of the findings of this investigation considering one major limitation that should be acknowledged regarding the present study. It concerns the framework of economic discourse. The results of the research may find application in studying of different courses, both theoretical and practical.
Towards the Genesis of Sport: the Functions of sport in Modern Society
Authors:   National Research University MIET, Ogorodov D.A.
Published: July 2021

The article examines the ideas about sports practices in different historical epochs, provides a brief analysis of the forms of physical activity that predate the modern concept of sports. The author suggests that in modern society, sport has acquired a new status of a socio-cultural institution that performs certain specific functions aimed at maintaining the existing socio-cultural structure, such as maintaining and reproducing human corporeality as an axiological, ethical and aesthetic unit; normalization and demilitarization of social life; entertainment and leisure and democratization.