bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation research priorities for addressing the maternal health crisis in the United States: Results from a modified Delphi study
Authors: Hamm Rebecca F , Moniz Michelle , Wahid Inaya , Breman Rachel B , Callaghan-Koru Jennifer
Published: February 2023

Background: Maternal health outcomes in the United States are far worse than peer nations. Increasing implementation research in maternity care is critical to addressing quality gaps and unwarranted care variations. Implementation research priorities have not yet been defined or well represented in the plans for maternal health research investments in the United States.
Methods:This descriptive study used a modified Delphi method to solicit and rank research priorities at the intersection of implementation science and maternal health. A purposeful, yet broad sample of researchers with relevant subject matter knowledge was identified through searches of published articles and grant databases. Through two sequential web-based surveys, participants submitted and ranked implementation research topics with five areas specific to implementation research: practices to prioritize for (1) broader implementation or (2) de-implementation, and research questions about (3) determinants of implementation, (4) implementation strategies, and (5) research methods/measures.
Results:Eighty-two researchers, predominantly female (90%) and white (75%), volunteered to participate. Sixty completed at least one of two surveys. The practices that participants prioritized for broader implementation were improved postpartum care, perinatal and postpartum mood disorder screening and management, and standardized management of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. For de-implementation, practices believed to be most impactful if removed from or reduced in maternity care were cesarean delivery for low-risk patients and routine discontinuation of all psychiatric medications during pregnancy. The top methodological priorities of participants were improving the extent to which implementation science frameworks and measures address equity and developing approaches for involving patients in implementation research.
Conclusions: Through a web-based Delphi exercise, we identified implementation research priorities that researchers consider to have the greatest potential to improve the maternity care quality in the United States. This study also demonstrates the feasibility of using modified Delphi approaches to engage researchers in setting implementation research priorities within a clinical area.
Structural variation among assembled genomes facilitates development of rapid and low-cost NOR-linked markers and NOR-telomere junction mapping in Arabidopsis
Authors: Saradadevi Gargi Prasad , Fultz Dalen , Ramgopal Murali Krishna , Subramanian Abirami T , Prince Gerin , Thakur Vivek , Mohannath Gireesha
Published: February 2023

Bioinformatic alignment of the assembled genomes of Col-0 and Sha ecotypes of Arabidopsis thalianarevealed ~ 10,000 genome-wide structural variants involving simple insertions or deletions and repeat contractions or expansions. Using some of these structural variants, we developed new, rapid, and low-cost PCR-based molecular markers that are genetically linked to the nucleolus organizer regions (NORs). A. thaliana has two NORs, one each on chromosome 2 (NOR2) and chromosome 4 (NOR4). Both NORs are ~ 4 Mb each, and hundreds of 45S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes are tandemly arrayed at these loci. Using previously characterized recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from Col-0 x Sha crosses, we validated the utility of the newly developed NOR-linked markers in genetically mapping rRNA genes and the associated telomeres to either NOR2 or NOR4. Lastly, we sequenced Sha genome using Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT) and used the data to obtain sequences of NOR-telomere junctions, and with the help of RILs, we mapped them as new genetic markers to their respective NORs (NOR2-TEL2N and NOR4-TEL4N). The structural variants obtained from this study would serve as valuable data for genome-wide association studies (GWAS), developing synteny, and to rapidly design more genome-wide genetic (molecular) markers for new gene/trait mapping purposes.
Cooling channel free surface optimisation for additively manufactured casting tools
Authors: Zeng Tongyan , Abo-Serie Essam , Henry Manus , Jewkes James
Published: February 2023

In the present study, an algorithm has been developed using the adjoint method to optimise the position and cross-section of an internal cooling channel for a 3D printed tool steel insert for use in the Aluminium die-casting process. The algorithm enables the development of an optimised complex industrial mould with relatively low computational cost. A transient model is validated against multiple experimental trials, providing an adapted interface heat transfer coefficient. A steady state thermal model, based on the casting cycle and thermal behaviour at the mould surface, is developed to evaluate the spatial distribution of temperature and to serve as the initial solution for the subsequent optimisation stage. The adjoint model is then applied to optimise the cooling channel emphasising the minimisation of the temperature standard deviation for the mould surface. The original transient model is applied to the optimised mould configuration via calibration using experimental data obtained from a dedicated aluminium furnace. The optimised cooling channel geometry, which uses a non-uniform cross-section across the entire pipe surface region, improves the pressure drop and cooling uniformity across the mould/cast interface by 24.2% and 31.6%, respectively. The model has been used to optimise cooling channels for a range of industrial high-pressure aluminium die-casting (HPADC) inserts. This has yielded a significant improvement in the mould operational lifetime, rising to almost 130,000 shots compared to 40,000 shots for prior designs.
Stereocomplexed microparticles loaded with Salvia cadmica Bioss. extracts for enhancement of immune response towards Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Gonciarz Weronika , Chmiela Magdalena , Kost Bartłomiej , Piątczak Ewelina , Brzeziński Marek
Published: February 2023

Introduction
Controlled delivery of therapeutic substance gives numerous advantages (prevents degradation, improves uptake, sustains concentration, lowers side effects).
Aim
To encapsulate Salviae cadmica extracts (root or aerial part), enriched with polyphenols with immunomodulatory activity, in stereocomplexed microparticles (sc-PLA), resistant to the acidic and basic pH, for using them to enhance the immune response towards gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori.
Material and methods
Microparticles were made of biodegradable poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA). Stereocomplexation method was used to improve scPLA stability in acidic/basic pH, and to release extracts in pH 8.0, which is in the gut being the center of mucosal immunity.
Results
The obtained polymers are safe in vitro and in vivo (guinea pig model). The sc-PLA modifications enable the release of S. cadmica extracts in pH 8.0. S. cadmica extracts enhanced the phagocytic activity of guinea pig bone marrow derived macrophages, which was diminished by H. pylori, and neutralized H. pylori driven enhanced production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-10.
Concusion
The sc-PLA encapsulated S. cadmica extracts can be recommended for further in vivo study in guinea pigs infected with H. pylori to confirm their ability to improve an immune response towards this pathogen.
Prognostic significance of albuminuria in elderly of various ages with diabetes
Authors: Hwang Subin , Lee Kyungho , Park Jeeeun , Kim Do Hee , Jeon Junseok , Jang Hye Ryoun , Hur Kyu Yeon , Kim Jae Hyeon , Huh Wooseong , Kim Yoon-Goo , Lee Jung Eun
Published: February 2023

It remains uncertain whether albuminuria can identify elderly patients with diabetes at a high risk of incident end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) or mortality.
3,065 patients (aged ≥65 years) with type 2 diabetes were included. We examined the association between albuminuria stages (normoalbuminuria, A1; microalbuminuria, A2; and macroalbuminuria, A3) and the risk of incident ESKD and all-cause mortality for each age group (65–69, 70–74, and ≥75 years).
A2 and A3 were observed in 25.5% and 9.4% of the subjects, respectively. For A1, A2, and A3, the probabilities of ESKD at 8 years were 1.0%, 6.3%, and 29.7% (P<0.001 for all), and the all-cause mortality was 13.1%, 27.4%, and 31.7% (P<0.001 for A1 vs A2, P<0.001 for A1 vs A3), respectively. Albuminuria stages were independently associated with an increased risk of ESKD [fully adjusted hazard ratios (HR): 3.650 (1.987–6.702) for A2, 10.404 (5.706–18.972) for A3 vs. A1]. The HRs of all-cause mortality were 1.742 (1.411–2.153) for A2 and 1.810 (1.344–2.441) for A3. The associations between albuminuria stages and the risk of ESKD and all-cause mortality were consistent across all age groups.
Microalbuminuria is also a risk factor for incident ESKD and mortality in elderly patients with diabetes.
Progressive Supranuclear Palsy drives the Infratentorial Cerebrovascular Diseases-associated Hypertrophic Olivary Degeneration
Authors: Wang Xuejing , Zhu Qingyong , Wang Jiuqi , Liang Dongxiao , Wang Binghao , Ma Mingming , Ding Xuebing
Published: February 2023

Hypertrophic olivary degeneration (HOD) is a transsynaptic degeneration characterized by the disruption of dentato-rubro-olivary tract, a region also known as the Guillain-Mollaret triangle (GMT), which often occurs because of posterior fossa or brainstem lesions. Infratentorial cerebrovascular diseases (ICVD) has been linked to HOD in previous studies. The underlying mechanism of ICVD patients developed HOD, however, remains undetermined. In this study, we analyzed clinical features of 334 patients with ICVD and the results showed that brainstem hemorrhage was most likely to develop HOD (43.5%) among four types of ICVD. In addition, multivariate regression analysis revealed that PSP-RS was an independent risk factor (OR = 6.69, 95% CI: 1.58–28.32) for ICVD-HOD, and the presence of HOD was obviously higher in PSP-RS patients complicated by ICVD (43.5%) than that in PSP-RS patients uncomplicated by ICVD (4.2%). Furthermore, DTI study showed that the PSP-RS, HOD, PSP-RS with HOD, and PSP-RS with ICVD-HOD groups displayed the impaired microstructural integrity of the GMT compared to iPD and HCs groups. Moreover, some DTI parameters of the GMT showed correlation with the Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Rating Scale (PSPRS) score in PSP-RS patients. Taken together, our study demonstrated that PSP-RS was an independent etiological factor for ICVD-HOD which might due to impaired microstructural integrity of the GMT. More importantly, these findings suggest that PSP-RS patients should aim for the prevention of ICVD to reduce the occurrence of HOD.
An integrated network pharmacology and RNA-seq approach for exploring the renal protection of quercetin on attenuating Ang II- induced cells apoptosis
Authors: Zhang Xiuli , Li Jiapeng , Wu Meizhu , Wu Jinkong , He Shuyu , Lu Yao , Ding Qihang , Wen Ying , Long Linzi , Fu Changgeng , Ali Farman , Shen Aling , Peng Jun
Published: February 2023

Quercetin exerts antihypertensive effects, while its role on hypertensive renal injury remain unknown. Network pharmacology analysis identified multiple potential candidate targets (including TP53, Bcl-2 and BaX) and enriched signaling pathways (including apoptosis and p53 signaling pathway). Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed that quercetin treatment reduced the pathological changes in renal tissues of Ang II infused mice. RNA sequencing identified quercetin treatment significantly reversed 464 DETs and enriched several signaling pathway (including apoptosis and p53 pathways). Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) dUTP nick-end labeling staining and Annexin V staining revealed that quercetin treatment reduced cell apoptosis in renal tissues of Ang II-infused mice and in NRK-52E cells stimulated with Ang II. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry and western-blotting indicated that quercetin treatment alleviated the upregulation of p53, BaX, cleaved-caspase-9, and cleaved-caspase-3 protein expression and the downregulation of Bcl-2 protein expression in both renal tissue of Ang II infused mice and NRK-52E cells stimulated with Ang II stimulation. Moreover, the molecular docking results indicated potential binding activity between quercetin-TP53. Quercetin treatment significantly attenuated hypertensive renal injury and cell apoptosis in renal tissues of Ang II-induced mice and Ang II stimulated NERK-52E cell, and by targeting p53 may be one of the underlying mechanisms.
A methodology for evaluation of the dimensional quality of 3D printed parts
Authors: Bowoto Oluwole Kingsley
Published: February 2023

In this study, the dimensional variation defect between the CAD designed model and a 3D printed model using material extrusion technique was investigated by a software algorithm developed. This software analyses the CAD and sliced model to scans for dimensional data, which can be used as a reference to check dimensional deviations during the actual 3D printing operation. It is worthy of note that despite the wide adoption of 3D printing technology in various industries, defects such as dimensional variations hinder its mass production potential. There has been a spike in the adoption of 3D printing technology across various industries due to increased industrial research and development. However, not quite a lot has been done regarding the dimensional accuracy of printed components as this affects the usage of printed components across its various areas of application. In lieu of this, a software algorithm was developed for this study which investigates the dimensional deviations of the printed model through the utilization of computer vision algorithm. This solution will be applicable to a wide range of three dimensional geometries to be printed and hence will anticipate dimensional variance, which could lead to a failed printing, thereby saving economic and human resources in additive manufacturing.
Determining Groundwater Quality for Drinking and Irrigation Purposes using Various Indices and Finding out Parameters Responsible for the Pollution of Groundwater at a Stretch of Tons Riverin Uttarakhand using Factor Analysis
Authors: Pant Shikha , Dumka Basant Ballabh
Published: February 2023

A study was conducted to determine whether groundwater is suitable for drinking or not in the part of Tons River Basin, which is located at Dehradun in Uttarakhand. Groundwater samples from sixteen locations were collected in May 2012 and May 2019 by Central Ground Water Board at Dehradun. Fifteen physico-chemical parameters were evaluated for these groundwater samples using standard methods of groundwater quality analysis. In this study the parameters responsible for the pollution of groundwater at the sampling site were investigated using factor analysis. Also, the groundwater quality for drinking and irrigation purposes were assessed using water quality index, seven irrigation water quality parameters and criteria given by Richard, Wilcox, Wescot & Ayers.
TRAF3 Suppression Encourages B Cell Recruitment and Prolongs Survival of Microbiome-Intact Mice with Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Zorea Jonathan , Motro Yair , Mazor Roei D. , Carmi Yifat Koren , Shulman Ziv , Mahajna Jamal , Moran-Gilad Jacob , Elkabets Moshe
Published: February 2023

Background
Ovarian cancer (OC) has proven to be the most deadly of all gynecologic cancers. Clinical trials involving the use of immunotherapies in OC patients have produced disappointing outcomes, underscoring the necessity of identifying new immunomodulatory targets for the treatment of this cancer.
Methods
We conducted an in-vivo CRISPR screen of immunodeficient (NSG) and immune-intact wild type (WT) C57/BL6 mice to identify tumor-derived immune-escape mechanisms in a BRAC1- and TP53-deficient murine ID8 OC cell line (designated ITB1). To confirm gene expression and signaling pathway activation in ITB1 cells, we employed western blot, qPCR, immunofluorescent staining, and flow cytometry. Flow cytometry was also used to identify immune cell populations in the peritoneum of ITB1-bearing mice. To determine the presence of IgA-coated bacteria in the peritoneum of ITB1-bearing mice and the ascites of OC patients, we employed 16S sequencing.Testing for differences was done by using Deseq2 test and two-way ANOVA test. Sequence variants (ASVs) were produced in Qiime2 and analyzed by microeco and phyloseq R packages.
Results
We identified tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3) as a tumor-derived immune suppressive mediator in ITB1 cells. Knockout of TRAF3 (TRAF3KO) activated the type-I interferon pathway and increased MHC-I expression. TRAF3KO tumors exhibited a growth delay in WT mice vs. NSG mice, which was correlated with increased B cell infiltration and activation compared to ITB1 tumors. B cells were found to be involved in the progression of TRAF3KO tumors, and B-cell surface-bound and secreted IgA levels were significantly higher in the ascites of TRAF3KO tumors compared to ITB1. The presence of commensal microbiota was necessary for B-cell activation and for delaying the progression of TRAF3KO tumors in WT mice. Lastly, we observed unique profiles of IgA-coated bacteria in the ascites of OC-bearing mice or the ascites of OC patients.
Conclusions
TRAF3 is a tumor-derived immune-suppressive modulator that influences B-cell infiltration and activation, making it a potential target for enhancing anti-tumor B-cell responses in OC.
Multidimensional analysis and prediction of E-commerce sales based on convolutional neural network
Authors: Bao Jie
Published: February 2023

At present, artificial intelligence methods such as machine learning are widely used in E-commerce enterprises, but the disconnection between business practice and prediction technology is still a real challenge for E-commerce enterprises. Firstly, this paper focuses on the actual business of E-commerce enterprises, carries on a multi-dimensional analysis of the influencing factors of E-commerce sales, refines various factors affecting E-commerce sales, further summarizes the feature construction work of E-commerce sales prediction, constructs the feature project of sales prediction, and provides reference for the practical application of E-commerce enterprises. Secondly, an E-commerce sales forecasting model based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is proposed. The model adopts the feature learning of CNN's Alexnet and integrates the attention mechanism. Finally, based on the data of E-commerce enterprises, this paper compares the prediction effects of other conventional machine learning models. The experimental results show that the CNN based fusion prediction model proposed in this paper can improve the accuracy rate, have better prediction performance, and provide an effective in-depth learning method for E-commerce management.
Cyclosporine A alleviates colitis by inhibiting the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps via regulating the pentose phosphate pathway
Authors: Xu Chenjing , Ye Ziping , Jiang Wenyu , Wang Shu , Zhang Hongjie
Published: February 2023

Background: The aberrant formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) has been implicated in ulcerative colitis (UC), a chronic recurrent intestinal inflammation. Cyclosporine A (CsA) is now applied as rescue therapy for acute severe UC. In addition, it has been curtained that CsA inhibits the formation of NETs in vitro and the mechanism of which was still vague. The study aimed to explore the mechanism CsA inhibits the NETs formation of colitis in vivo and in vitro.
Methods: NETs enrichment in clinical samples was analyzed using databases from Gene Expression Omnibus and verified in our center. Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced acute colitis mice model was used to investigate the effect of CsA on NETs of colonic tissue expression. To clarify the mechanism, intracellular energy metabolites were examined by Liquid Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer, and ROS levels were examined by fluorescence intensity in neutrophils treated with CsA after LPS stimulation. The transcriptional level and activity of G6PD of neutrophils were also assessed using qRT-PCR and WST-8. RNA-sequence was used to detect differentially expressed genes of neutrophils stimulated by LPS with or without CsA. The expression levels of related proteins were detected by western blot.
Results: NETs enrichment was especially elevated in moderate-to-severe UC patients compared to HC. NETs expression in the colon from DSS colitis was decreased after CsA treatment. Compared with neutrophils stimulated by LPS, NETs formation and cellular ROS levels were decreased in LPS+CsA group. Cellular guanosine monophosphate and NADPH/NADP+ related to the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) were reduced in LPS+CsA group. In addition, CsA could decrease G6PD（rate-limited enzyme of PPP） activity in neutrophils stimulated with LPS, and the results were further verified by inhibiting G6PD activity. At last, P53 protein was highly expressed in LPS+CsA group compared with the LPS group. Intracellular G6PD activity, ROS level and NETs formation, which were downregulated by CsA, could be reversed by a P53 inhibitor.
Conclusion: Our results indicated CsA could alleviate the severity of colitis by decreasing the formation of NETs in vivo. In vitro, CsA reduced NETs release via downregulating PPP and cellular ROS levels by decreasing G6PD activity directly by activating the P53 protein.
Experimental investigation of cutting performance for circular saw blade body modification by resin layers toward green manufacturing
Authors: Kang Jinyou , Zhang Jinsheng , Sun Depeng , Song Weiye
Published: February 2023

Cemented carbide circular saw blades are widely used in the metal and nonmetal manufacturing industry for cut-off and cut-tail production. High energy consumption and intense noise emission from conventional-type blades are urgent environmental issues to be solved. Hence, a laminated-resin blade is proposed to study the effect of adding a damping structure to the blade body on its cutting performance. Apart from reduced energy consumption, lower noise and high-quality surfaces are required by manufacturers. In this work, a laminated-resin blade and a conventional blade were compared regarding the details of cutting force and energy consumption, noise emission, and surface integrity. In addition, the effect of cutting fluid on conventional saw blades was analyzed in terms of cutting force and noise emission. Experimental results show that the cutting force and noise of the laminated-resin blade were less than that of the conventional one, indicating reductions of 27.8% and 18 dB, respectively. Especially a reduction of more than 20 dB sound level was achieved in the high-frequency band. Lower cutting force attained by the laminated-resin blade showed that smoother cuts could be achieved. Cutting with cutting fluid is superior to dry cutting in terms of cutting force, noise level, and workpiece surface integrity. The research sheds new light on the design of damping structures on saw blade bodies and quantitative analysis of the cutting performance.
A 1:1 matched case-control study: Are thyroid nodules related to iodine nutrition? Can Tg serve as a functional biomarker for thyroid nodules?
Authors: Lin Qingying , Wang Muhua , Chen Diqun , Wu Jiani , Lan Ying , Wang Lijin , Jin Qingdong , Chen Yanqing , Chen Zhihui
Published: February 2023

Background:To eliminate the harm induced by iodine deficiency, a strategy of universal salt iodization (USI) is adopted. During this period, it shows a significant increasing trend in the prevalence of thyroid nodules, resulting in shining a spotlight on whether thyroid nodules are related to the level of iodine nutrition. In this study, a 1:1 matched case-control study is conducted to investigate whether thyroid nodules are related to the level of iodine nutrition and whether there are differences in thyroid function indicators. And other influencing factors of thyroid nodules are further explored.
Methods:Villages with median urinary iodine (MUI) <100μg/L, 100-199μg/L, and 200-299μg/L in general population were selected as the survey sites. The residents who have lived there for more than 5 years with thyroid nodules tested by B-ultrasound were the case group, while those without nodules found by B-ultrasound examination were the control group that matched 1:1 with the case group by age (±3 years), gender and region. All subjects completed questionnaires, collected blood and urine samples to detect the thyroid function indicators and urinary iodine concentration.
Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the MUI between the case group and the control group in the areas with adequate iodine intake, the areas with mild iodine deficiency(P>0.05); The MUI of the case group in the areas where iodine intake was more than adequate was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05); The case group’s levels of Tg and FT4 in both areas with mild iodine deficiency and more than adequate iodine intake were higher than those of the control group, whereas only the level of Tg of the case group was higher than that of the control group in the areas with adequate iodine intake, meaning that the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); Other indicators had no statistical significance. The conditional Logistic regression model fitted by Enter method resulted that there were statistically significant correlations between history of thyroid disorders, Tg, TgAb and thyroid nodules.
Conclusions: On the one hand, there was no statistical correlation between the iodine nutrition and thyroid nodules in the areas with adequate iodine intake and areas with mild iodine deficiency. On the other hand, in the areas with more than adequate iodine intake, the urine iodine concentration in the nodule group was lower than that in the non-nodule group, which indicates that when the urine iodine concentration is 200-299 μg/L, a slight increase in urinary iodine may help inhibit the occurrence of nodules. History of thyroid disorders and increased Tg and TgAb levels were risk factors for thyroid nodules. Tg can serve as a functional biomarker for thyroid nodules.
Electromagnetic Field-enhanced Novel Tubular Electrocoagulation Cell for Effective and Low-power Treatment of Beet Sugar Industry Wastewater
Authors: Fadali Olfat A. , Ali Rasha H. , Nassar Mamdouh M. , Mahmoud Mohamed S. , Abdel-Aty Marwa M. , Barakat Nasser A. M.
Published: February 2023

To enhance the treatment of real industrial wastewater effluents, a new design of an electromagnetic field-enhanced electrochemical cell consisting of a tubular screen roll anode and two cathodes (an inner and outer cathode) has been used. The treatment of real beet sugar mill effluent by the electrocoagulation process has been studied. The cell has a uniform current distribution, a low IR drop, and good mixing. Different parameters have been investigated, like: current density (CD), effluent concentration, NaCl concentration, rpm, number of screen layers per anode, and the effect of the addition of an electromagnetic field. The results showed that, under the optimum conditions of CD at 3.13 Am− 2, two screens per anode, NaCl concentration of 12 g/L, and rotation speed at 120 rpm, the percentage of color removal was 85. 5% and the electrical energy consumption was 3.595 kWhm− 3. In addition, the presence of electromagnetic field enhanced the energy consumption for the wastewater treatment by accelerating the coagulation step as indicated by simulation results. Numerically, applying the magnetic field resulted in performing a color removal efficiency of 97.7% using a power consumption of 2.569 KWh/m3 which is considered a distinct achievement in industrial wastewater treatment process. This design has proven to be a promising one for continuous treatment of industrial effluents and to be a possible competent to the currently available techniques due to the high removal efficiency and low energy consumption.
Statistical learning in visual search: ‘contextual cueing’ reflects the acquisition of an optimal, ‘one-for-all’ oculomotor scanning strategy
Authors: Seitz Werner , Zinchenko Artyom , Müller Hermann , Geyer Thomas
Published: February 2023

Detecting a target in visual search becomes more efficient over time when it is encountered repeatedly at a fixed location within a stable distractor arrangement (spatial ‘context’), compared to non-repeated contexts. The standard account attributes this contextual-cueing effect to the acquisition of display-specific long-term memories, which, when activated by the current display, ‘cue’ attention to the target location. Our alternative, ‘procedural-optimization’ account posits that contextual facilitation arises from the acquisition of generic oculomotor scanning strategies that are optimized with respect to the entire set of displays, with frequently searched displays accruing greater weight in the optimization. To decide between these alternatives, we examined novel measures of the similarity, across time-on-task, of the spatio-temporal sequences of fixations through repeated and non-repeated displays. We found scanpath similarity to increase generally with learning, but more for repeated versus non-repeated displays. This pattern contradicts display-specific guidance, but supports ‘one-for-all’ scanpath optimization.
Semantic Web-based Collaborative Design System in Cloud Computing Environment
Authors: Di Jing
Published: February 2023

The integration and remoteness of mobile terminals, as well as local area network-based office issues, have basically been solved, that is, a solution established on the basis of a cloud service collaborative platform, which can be implemented between various service systems. Each place enters the office system at all times to process related business, which improves the overall efficiency of our company's collaboration, and each information management system is no longer an information island. Technically, this article provides the possibility for the implementation of the system, and analyzes in detail the business requirements, performance requirements and functional modules of the system. In addition, it briefly introduces the requirements for the key technical means used. This system implements many functions, such as separation of front-end and back-end management, isolation of low compliance, processing large amounts of data, and so on. In addition, this collaborative office platform greatly improves office efficiency, strengthens information sharing, and reduces workload. In addition, it breaks the boundaries of time and space and realizes the unified management of information and data.
Co-evolution of plant disease resistance NLR genes and their DNA methylation
Authors: Cao Qianqian , Wang Shichao , Ma Huizhen , Luo Sha , He Hai , Zhang Yu
Published: February 2023

We explored the phylogenomics and methylomics of NLR genes in 41 plant species and found that the expansion and diversification of plant NLR genes are co-evolved with their DNA methylation.
Air Bubble Size and its Transitions in a Horizontal Tube Produced by Venturi-Nozzle Bubble Generator
Authors: Goo W. H. , Ganesan P. B. , Yong K. W. , Ahmad M. Y. , Yau Y. H. , Hamad F.
Published: February 2023

This paper investigates the air bubble size and its transitions in a horizontal tube of 700 mm. The tube is assembled with a bubble generator. The present study varies the flow-rates of water and air. The data collection mainly uses a high speed camera to capture the bubbles at different distances along the horizontal tube. Image processing uses MATLAB for evaluating the bubble size. The data interpretation uses Yw dimensionless parameter in representing the level of the bubbles vertical rise in the horizontal tube. The bubble generator produces bubbles in the range of 0.8-3.1 mm at the inlet of horizontal tube using water flow-rates (Qw) of 120-170 litre per min (LPM) and air flow-rates (Qa) of 2-10 LPM. The diameter of the bubble increases as it moves horizontally from the inlet to the outlet of the horizontal tube and this finding is statistically significant. The bubble vertical rise is visually obvious and has been quantified along the horizontal tube. The YW increases axially from 41 % to 89 % from the inlet to outlet of the horizontal tube. The YW increases when either the Qa or Qw is reduced. The findings from this study give a fundamental insight into bubbles dynamics behaviour in its horizontal transition.
Prediction of Coronary Artery Lesions in Children with Kawasaki Syndrome Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Tang Yaqi , Du Zhanhui , Wang Zheqi , Liu Yuhai , Pan Silin
Published: February 2023

Objective
The most serious complication of Kawasaki syndrome (KS) is coronary artery lesions (CAL). About 20%-25% of KS will develop into severe CAL without intervention. Machine learning (ML) is a branch of artificial intelligence (AI), which integrates complex data sets on a large scale and uses huge data to predict future events. Besides, computers can reveal new relationships that doctors may not easy to find. The present study presented a model to predict the risk of CAL in KS children by different algorithms to achieve the early diagnosis of CAL.
Methods
A total of 158 children were enrolled from Women and Children’s Hospital, Qingdao University and divided into 7 to 3 as the training sets and the test sets for modeling and validation studies. The clinical manifestations and auxiliary examinations were collected as input features in our models based on the latest 6th edition diagnostic guidelines. Prior to applying the algorithm to modeling, the principal component analysis (PCA) was used to achieve dimension reduction for eliminating the high correlation between features and the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) for promoting accuracy. There are several classifiers are constructed for models including the Random Forest (RF), the Logical regression (LG), and the eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost).
Results
The sensitivity and specificity of RF were 0.8 and 0.906, and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.972. For LG, the sensitivity and specificity were 0.6 and 0.976. The XGBoost were 0.2 and 0.953, respectively.
Conclusion
Models are established through three different algorithms to achieve the best sensitivity and specificity. The RF was superior to other methods, which provides a reference for the prevention of CAL.
Training healthcare professionals to be ready for practice in an era of social distancing: A realist evaluation
Authors: Lefroy Janet , Bialan Jessica , Moult Alice , Hay Fiona , Stapleton Claire , Thompson Jessica , Diggory Kate , Mustafa Nageen , Farrington Julia , Aynsley Sarah A , Jacklin Simon , Winterton Adam , Cope Natalie
Published: February 2023

Background
Programme changes due to the COVID-19 pandemic have impacted variably on preparation for practice of healthcare professional students. Explanations for such variability in outcomes between institutions and healthcare professions have yet to be explored. The aim of our study was to understand what clinical learning, whilst under socially distanced restrictions, worked and why (or why not).
Methods
We conducted a realist evaluation of the undergraduate healthcare programmes at one UK university in 2020-21. The initial programme theories to be tested in this study were derived from discussions with programme leads about the changes they implemented due to the pandemic. Study participants were students and teaching faculty. Online interview transcripts were coded, identifying why the interventions in the programme had worked or not. This resulted in a set of ‘context-mechanism-outcome’ (CMO) statements about each intervention. The initial programme theories were refined as a result.
Results and discussion
29 students and 22 faculty members participated.
18 CMO configurations were identified relating to clinical skills learning and 25 relating to clinical placements. Clinical skills learning was successful whether in person, remote or hybrid if it followed the steps of: demonstration – explanation – mental rehearsal – attempt with feedback. Where it didn’t work there was usually a lack of observation and corrective feedback. Placements were generally highly valued despite gaps in experience. Being useful on placements was felt to be good preparation for practice. Participant explanations from junior students about the value of various modes of induction to clinical workplace activity may also be relevant post-pandemic.
Six-component seismic monitoring of a high-rise building
Authors: Qin Linpeng , Wang Yun , Chen Chang , Wei Yongxiang , Liao Chunqi , Zhang Yi , Wan Wentao , Shao Quanyang
Published: February 2023

We report seismic observations and studies on a high-rise building deployed with six-degree-of-freedom (6-DOF) seismometers. By analyzing the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratios (HVSRs) of translational components, five resonant modes within 2 Hz are identified. By analyzing the improved rotational vertical-to-horizontal spectral ratios (RVHSRs) of rotational components, three torsional resonant modes are identified; two torsional resonant modes are consistent with those of the translational records, while the higher frequency mode is not observed in the translational motions. Continuous 6C seismic observations over 70 days indicate that the various resonant frequencies of high-rise buildings are related to multiple factors, such as human activity and rainfall levels. The most interesting phenomenon is that three translational resonant modes exhibit diurnal variations; two torsional resonant modes do not have the same trend as translational resonances, which indicates that the translational and torsional resonant modes of the building possibly have different physical mechanisms. In addition, analyses of ambient noises with the directional HVSR method and analyses of vibration caused by earthquakes commonly show that building vibration is directional; furthermore, there are nonpositive correlations of displacements between the middle and top floors of the high-rise building under multiple earthquake events. The nonlinear response of the high-rise building concerning the height is consistent with the responses reported in former studies.
Dynamic Weight-Based Connectivity Recovery in Wireless Sensor and Actor Networks
Authors: Chiang Mao-Lun , Hsieh Hui-Ching , Lin Tzu-Ling , Chang Tsui-Ping , Chen Hong-Wei
Published: February 2023

Wireless sensors and actor networks (WSANs) have been widely used in various fields, from basic data collection to precise real-time control and monitoring, including battlefield monitoring, rescue, and exploration. The actor nodes in a WSAN play a key role in processing and transmitting data, and because of the harsh environmental conditions encountered, network node failures are prone to occur. The failure of an actor causes a loss of connectivity with its neighbor nodes, resulting in network splits and failure to deliver messages between nodes. Therefore, determining how to quickly and autonomously recover network connectivity while minimizing the moving distance of backup nodes and the number of relocated nodes is crucial. In this paper, we propose a dynamic weight-based connectivity recovery (DWCR) method to minimize the total moving distance of actor nodes, the number of relocated nodes, the total messages sent, and the coverage loss rate. The proposed DWCR method involves selecting a backup node for each critical node by dynamically adjusting the weight. If a critical node fails, the backup node starts to move to restore the connectivity of the failed node. The simulation results indicate that the proposed DWCR method outperforms the recovery through inward motion (RIM) method and other methods in terms of minimizing the total moving distance, the number of relocated nodes, and the total messages sent. However, because the RIM algorithm requires the relocation of more nodes during the network process, the DWCR algorithm is slightly inferior to the RIM algorithm in terms of coverage loss rate. Nevertheless, the DWCR algorithm still outperforms the DARA and DCRMF algorithms.
Evaluation of dietary microencapsulated synbiotic Pseudoalteromonas piscicida 1UB, Bacillus NP5, and mannan-oligosaccharides to prevent Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection in Pacific white shrimp Penaeus vannamei
Authors: Pardede Maria Agustina , Widanarni Widanarni , Sukenda Sukenda , Yuhana Munti
Published: February 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the different effects of dietary microencapsulated synbiotics on the growth, intestinal histological, immune responses, and gut microbiota diversity of white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei). This study used a completely randomized design with five treatments and three replications. Five different feed treatments use to feed experimental shrimp for eight weeks, namely SBM (1% Bacillus NP5 108 CFU g-1 and 0.4% MOS (Mannan oligosaccharides)), SPM (1% Pseudoalteromonas piscicida 1Ub 108 CFU g-1 and 0.4% MOS), and SBPM (0.5% Bacillus NP5 108 CFU g-1, 0.5%, P. piscicida 1Ub 108 CFU g-1 and 0.4% MOS) and the controls without synbiotic administration consisted of the positive control (PC) and the negative control (NC). Pacific white shrimp from all treatments, except NC, were challenged with 106 CFU mL-1 Vibrio parahaemolyticus, injected intramuscularly. This study performed an in vitro test and showed that P. piscicida 1Ub could utilize MOS as a prebiotic (synergistic effects). The results showed that dietary synbiotics with different effects for 60 days resulted in higher growth performance, gut microbiota diversity, intestinal histological, and immune responses compared to controls (p<0.05). Dietary synbiotics with synergistic effects also affected the intestinal microflora composition. The abundance of beneficial bacteria, such as Bacillus, Glycomyces, and Weissella, is more found in SPM and SBPM treatment compared to other groups. After the challenge test, SPM and SBPM treatment showed significantly higher levels of immune response than positive controls (PC). SPM and SBPM treatment (synbiotics with synergistic effects) significantly showed the highest survival rate (SR) compared to other treatments.
Short- and long-term outcomes of laparoscopic surgery for locally advanced gastric cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy: A propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Zhang Chenggang , Yu Jiaxian , Jiang Qi , Shen Qian , Mao Gan , Kargbo Abu , Liu Weizhen , Zeng Xiangyu , Zhang Peng , Yin Yuping , Tao Kaixiong
Published: February 2023

Background: The long-term outcomes of laparoscopic surgery for locally advanced gastric cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy are ambiguous because of limited evidence.
Methods:The clinicopathological data of locally advanced gastric cancer patients with clinical stage of cT2-4a/N1-3/M0 who underwent gastrectomy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy were retrospectively examined. The short- and long-term effects of the laparoscopic gastrectomy group and open gastrectomy group were compared after propensity score matching.
Results:This study enrolled 148 cases, of which 110 cases were included after propensity score matching. The laparoscopic gastrectomy group had shorter postoperative first flatus time and shorter postoperative first liquid diet time than the open gastrectomy group. There were no significant differences in 3-year relapse-free survival (P = 0.888) and overall survival (P = 0.432) between the two groups. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the absence of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy (P = 0.009) was an independent risk factor for relapse-free survival. Tumor size ≥4 cm after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (P = 0.014) and absence of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy (P = 0.002) were independent risk factors for overall survival.
Conclusions:Laparoscopic gastrectomy can serve as an alternative surgical method for locally advanced gastric cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in consideration of its better postoperative gastrointestinal recovery and comparable long-term outcomes.
The Patients’ Experience of Neuroimaging of Primary Brain Tumours: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study
Authors: Wamelink Ivar J.H.G. , Hempel Hugo L. , de Giessen Elsmarieke van , Vries Mark H.M. , Hamer Philip de Witt , Barkhof Frederik , Keil Vera C.
Published: February 2023

Purpose
To gain insight into how patients with primary brain tumors experience MRI, follow-up protocols, and gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA) use.
Methods
Primary brain tumor patients answered a survey after their MRI exam. Questions were analyzed to determine trends in patients’ experience regarding the scan itself, follow-up frequency, and the use of GBCAs. Subgroup analysis was performed on sex, lesion grade, age, and the number of scans. Subgroup comparison was made using the Pearson chi-square test and the Mann-Whitney U-test for categorical and ordinal questions, respectively.
Results
Of the 100 patients, 93 had a histopathologically confirmed diagnosis, and seven were considered to have a slow-growing low-grade tumor after multidisciplinary assessment and follow-up. 61/100 patients were male, with a mean age ± standard deviation of 44 ± 14 years and 46 ± 13 years for the females. Fifty-nine patients had low-grade tumors. Patients consistently underestimated the number of their previous scans. 92% of primary brain tumor patients did not experience the MRI as bothering and 78% would not change the number of follow-up MRIs. 63% of the patients would prefer GBCA-free MRI scans if diagnostically equally accurate. Women found the MRI and receiving intravenous access significantly more uncomfortable than men (p=0.003). Age, diagnosis, and the number of previous scans had no relevant impact on the patient experience.
Conclusion
Patients with primary brain tumors experienced current neuro-oncological MRI practice as positive. Especially women would, however, prefer GBCA-free imaging if diagnostically equally accurate. Patient knowledge of GBCAs was limited, indicating improvable patient information.