bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and risk factors for diabetes mellitus among tuberculosis patients in Moshi Municipal Council, Kilimanjaro Tanzania
Authors: L. Mabula Patrick , I. Kazinyingi Kelly , Christian Chavala Edwin , Mosha Victor , E. Msuya Sia , John Leyaro Beatrice
Published: June 2021

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a worldwide public health problem and its prevalence has been rising rapidly in low and middle income countries (LMICs) including Tanzania. According to WHO report 2015, DM is ranked number six as a leading cause of death worldwide. Strong evidence suggests that DM may be associated with Tuberculosis (TB) and could affect TB treatment outcomes. Tanzania is among the 22 countries that have a high burden of TB and currently facing increased epidemic of DM. The increasing diabetes prevalence may be a threat to TB control and counteract strategies to end TB by 2030 as proposed by WHO. Objective: To determine proportion of TB patients who are co-infected with DM in Moshi municipal council, Kilimanjaro Tanzania. Methodology: This study was a hospital based cross-sectional study conducted in April to July 2018 at 4 health facilities; Mawenzi Regional Referral hospital, St. Joseph District Designated hospital, Pasua Health center and Majengo Health centre in Moshi municipal. The study included adults aged 18 years and above attending either of the 4 health facilities for TB care. The study included newly diagnosed and those who were on TB treatment. Interviews were conducted followed by blood glucose testing. Data was entered and analysed using SPSS Results: A total of 153 TB patients were enrolled, their mean age was 42.5 (±14.75) years and 46 (30.1%) were females. The prevalence of DM among TB patients in this study was 9.2%. Factors associated with TB-DM comorbidity were: age (OR 4.43, 95% CI: 1.18-16.55), HIV status (OR 3.88, 95% CI: 1.06-14.11), and family history of DM (OR 6.50, 95% CI 0.67-25.56). Conclusion: One in ten patients with TB had confirmed DM. There is a need for future studies to assess if DM influences TB treatment and outcomes in this setting.
Relación entre fortalezas psicológicas y salud mental en cuidadores informales de personas con demencia
Authors: García-Castro F. Javier
Published: June 2021

El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la relación, en cuidadores informales de personas con demencia, entre las fortalezas psicológicas y la salud mental, incluyendo depresión, ansiedad, estrés, sobrecarga del cuidador y problemas de salud mental. Para analizar esta relación se llevó a cabo diversos análisis de correlación canónica, incluyendo en el primer conjunto las variables las fortalezas psicológicas, agrupadas por virtudes, y en el segundo las variables de salud psicológica. Los resultados sugieren la existencia de intercorrelaciones significativas entre estas variables. Aquellos cuidadores informales que tienden a mostrar puntuaciones más elevadas en las fortalezas psicológicas correspondientes a las virtudes de Coraje, Humanidad, y Trascendencia tienden a mostrar menores puntuaciones en depresión, estrés, sobrecarga del cuidador, y problemas de salud mental. En concreto, fueron significativas las relaciones con las fortalezas de valor, vitalidad, amor, inteligencia social, belleza, gratitud, esperanza y humor. Los hallazgos de este estudio sugieren que programas de intervención basados en la promoción y desarrollo de estas fortalezas psicológicas podría mejorar la salud mental de los cuidadores.
Comparación de ciberacoso y autoeficacia en redes sociales: Ciudad de México y Estado de México.
Authors: Muñoz-Maldonado Sandra I. , Piña-Pazarán Verónica , Durán-Baca Ximena , Rosales-Piña Consuelo R.
Published: June 2021

El objetivo del presente estudio fue comparar la frecuencia con la que se presenta el ciberacoso, el tipo de respuestas ante él, así como el conocimiento y autoeficacia para el uso de redes sociales en jóvenes de la Ciudad de México y del Estado de México. La muestra estuvo constituida por 1673 alumnos de ambos sexos (862 de la Ciudad de México y 811 del Estado de México) de entre 14 y 20 años. Se realizaron análisis de frecuencias y la prueba χ2. Los resultados mostraron diferencias significativas entre la frecuencia en la que se presentó el ciberacoso y los conocimientos que poseen los jóvenes entre las dos entidades federativas, siendo más elevado en la Ciudad de México en comparación con el Estado de México. Sin embargo, en la forma en que los jóvenes responden al ciberacoso (asertiva y empática) y en autoeficacia la diferencia es contraria, es decir, el Estado de México puntúa mayor que la Ciudad de México. Finalmente, se concluye que se deben realizar más investigaciones de esta índole debido a que existe una escasa información acerca del ciberacoso en México.
SOBRE A LIMITAÇÃO DO DIREITO DE LEGÍTIMA DEFESA MEDIANTE PONDERAÇÕES ENTRE BENS JURÍDICOS
Authors: Haas Volker
Published: June 2021

O presente artigo objetiva investigar as limitações do direito de legítima defesa motivadas pelas ponderações entre bens jurídicos.
Sudden Bilateral Inflammatory and Neovascular Lesions in Multifocal Choroiditis
Authors:   Hospital L’Esperit Sant, Barcelona, Spain, Burggraaf-Sánchez De Las Matas Raquel
Published: June 2021

We report a 40-year-old Caucasian male presenting sudden bilateral Choroidal Neovascularization (CNV) along with Chorioretinal Lesions (CRL). He presented previous ocular history of relapsing idiopathic bilateral anterior uveitis.
SILAGEM DA PARTE AÉREA DA MANDIOCA COMO UM ALIMENTO ALTERNATIVO NA DIETA DE VACAS EM LACTAÇÃO
Authors: Tinini Rodrigo Cesar dos Reis , Zambom Maximiliane Alavarse , Dessbesell Jéssica Gabi , Adamante Djonathan , Venturini Tiago
Published: June 2021

O setor de nutrição e produção animal busca constantemente por fontes de alimentos que oportunizem os fatores custo e benefício para a elaboração de formulação de dietas. A mandioca é um alimento mundialmente cultivado e apresenta diversos subprodutos ao decorrer de sua produção com excelente característica energética, que podem ser utilizados, como é o caso de sua parte aérea, em substituição a silagem de milho na dieta de vacas leiteiras. Porém, sua inclusão na dieta de vacas em lactação deve ser realizada com cautela, necessitando de estudos que viabilizem o processamento e as formulações em quantidades aceitáveis, tendo em vista seus fatores anti nutricionais.
Pemetaan dan Evaluasi Kesesuaian Curah Hujan untuk Tanaman Kelapa Sawit di Kecamatan Bintang Bayu Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai Provinsi Sumatera Utara
Authors: Sakiah Sakiah , Febrianto Eka Bobby , Sudrajat Ayi , Siregar Albert Kristian
Published: June 2021

Iklim merupakan salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan produksi kelapa sawit, salah satu unsur iklim yang sangat penting adalah hujan. Hujan sebagai sumber air utama dalam memenuhi kebutuhan tanaman kelapa sawit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan tipe iklim wilayah Bintang Bayu serta mengetahui tren curah hujan dalam kurun waktu 10 tahun (2010-2019) di Kecamatan Bintang Bayu, Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Penelitian dilaksanakan menggunakan metode Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) dan deskriptif analitis. Data curah hujan bersumber dari citra satelit (Data Chips-2.0, UCSB) yang diperoleh dari Badan Meteorologi dan Geofisika (BMKG) Wilayah I Medan yang digunakan sebagai dasar untuk menentukan bulan kering dan bulan basah berdasarkan Schmidt-Ferguson, selanjutnya ditentukan nilai Q dan untuk memetakan iklim digunakan Software ArcGIS 10.3. Evaluasi kesesuaian curah hujan dilakukan dengan cara membandingkan data pengamatan curah hujan tahunan dengan Kriteria Kesesuaian Lahan Kelapa Sawit berdasarkan Balai Besar Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Lahan Pertanian. Tren curah hujan bulanan dalam kurun waktu 10 tahun dianalisis menggunakan regresi linier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kecamatan Bintang Bayu memiliki tipe iklim A (hutan hujan tropis), yang mana pada wilayah dengan tipe iklim A cocok untuk tanaman kelapa sawit. Berdasarkan sebaran hujan tahunan, terdapat dua sebaran hujan yaitu 2.500-3.000 mm tahun-1 dan 3.000-3.500 mm tahun-1 dan tidak ditemukan wilayah dengan sebaran hujan tahunan 2.000-2.500 mm tahun-1, dengan demikian wilayah Bintang Bayu termasuk kelas S2. Dalam kurun waktu sepuluh tahun, terjadi penurunan curah hujan pada bulan Januari, Mei, Juli dan Oktober sedangkan pada bulan-bulan lainnya terjadi kenaikan curah hujan
AUTOIMMUNE HEPATITIS: MORPHOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Tsyrkunov V. M. , Prokopchik N. I. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Andreev V. P. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: June 2021

The review presents literature data on the main pathomorphological features of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and the findings of light and electron microscopy in the form of photographs and descriptions of different variants of hepatic morphological changes in patients with AIH. Updates to the sections of the AIH classification concerning the etiology and origin of AIH are suggested, clinical examples are given with a description of the morphology features according to the classification specified by the authors.
O Alto Rio Negro indígena em mais de dois mil anos de história
Authors: Sarmento Francisco
Published: June 2021

Este texto busca uma compreensão dos processos históricos e culturais do Alto Rio Negro em mais de dois mil anos, focalizando acerca da ocupação ancestral da região por seus diferentes povos indígenas, cuja interação resultou na formação de um sistema regional peculiar, envolvendo um diálogo interdisciplinar dos resultados das ciências acadêmicas (como a etnologia, a arqueologia, a linguística histórica, o registro histórico e discussões da ecologia histórica) com os conhecimentos e tradições dos povos dessa região, estabelecendo nexos entre o passado e o presente. Ao final, propõe questões sobre a ocupação dos Tukano Orientais com alguns elementos para essa reconstrução a partir de suas tradições orais.
1989. As Consequências estruturais da morte de línguas
Authors: Aquino Letícia
Published: June 2021

Neste artigos os autores preocupam-se com as mudanças estruturais nas línguas moribundas decorrentes do processo de morte do idioma. Tomando por base nossas experiências com um determinado número de línguas moribundas propõem hipóteses sobre os desenvolvimentos estruturais característicos nas línguas envolvidas. Essas hipóteses podem ser confirmadas, ou contraditas e refinadas, como uma compreensão adicional sobre as línguas agonizantes acumulada a partir das fontes de rápido crescimento.  

As línguas de nossas experiências nas quais baseamos nossas observações estão listadas a seguir, apresentadas com informações sobre suas localizações geográficas, afiliação genética e número de falantes. A habilidade linguística dos falantes ou o conhecimento estrutural das línguas obsolescentes desta lista varia muito, e muitas comunidades exibem um continuum de proficiência que varia de falantes plenamente competentes a indivíduos com muito pouco conhecimento.
Memórias sobre tempos de peste: a linguagem Guaraní do século XVII sobre as doenças e epidemias (parte 1)
Authors: Francisco Silva Noelli
Published: June 2021

O registro linguístico sobre saúde e doença nas línguas Guarani começou no século XVII. Este artigo reúne 308 palavras e frases levantadas nos dicionários de Antonio Ruiz de Montoya, publicados nos anos 1639 e 1640. Além do interesse direto para medicina e saúde pública, também é fonte para a linguística histórico-comparativa e para a história da medicina Guarani praticada milenarmente por kuña paje e pajes, mulheres e homens sábios na arte de curar
Narratives and images of the (re)existence of the Guarani Kaiowá do Mato Grosso do Sul (1964-2018).
Authors: Piubelli Rodrigo , José Walter Nunes José Walter Nunes
Published: June 2021

O presente artigo é uma parte revisada e ampliada da tese de doutorado intitulada “A luta dos Guarani Kaiowá do Mato Grosso do Sul pelo território: memórias e imagens do (re)existir num permanente estado de exceção no Brasil (1964-2018)”, defendida na Universidade de Brasília, em 2019, no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento, Sociedade e Cooperação Internacional. Neste artigo procuramos refletir sobre algumas dimensões do histórico processo de luta pelo território dos Guarani Kaiowá, no período compreendido entre a última ditadura civil-militar ”“ 1964-1985 - até os dias atuais, 2018. Para tal, lançamos mão de relatos orais, de fontes documentais escritas e audiovisuais, buscando compreender as tensões e conflitos instalados no meio indígena ”“ principalmente em Mato Grosso do Sul ”“ que resultam da criação de normas, jurisdições e ações impostas pelo Estado brasileiro sobre o universo indígena, as quais acabam por instituir relações de poder que se configuram como de exceção permanente ou um estado de exceção permanente.
Sobre a centralidade e a estrutura do capítulo “Os corpos dóceis” do Vigiar e Punir
Authors: Bacelar Kleverton
Published: June 2021

Esse artigo tem por objetivo expor a centralidade do primeiro capítulo da terceira parte do Vigiar e Punir para a demonstração de seu argumento principal bem como sua amarração estrutural no conceito de corpo. O valor posicional central desse capítulo na organização peculiar da obra só pode ser demonstrado mediante a exposição do conceito de disciplina, de sua diferenciação de outras formas de dominação (escravidão, da domesticidade, da vassalidade e do ascetismo), da especificação do momento histórico em que emerge e do realce da importância dessa datação para o argumento central de Foucault.
Crise, Universidade e Humanidades em Perspectiva: Apontamentos sobre Condições e Limites da Formação em Filosofia
Authors: Tedeia Gilberto
Published: June 2021

O ensaio que se segue trata dos desafios que se colocam aos que estejam Ã s voltas com a crise da Universidade, e compendia três momentos da atividade de produção racional de conhecimento: um retrato de algumas experiências pré-modernas dessa busca, o esgarçamento e crise do modelo de história que organiza a modernidade e algumas diretrizes que estruturam tanto o sistema universitário quanto a formação e o fazer filosóficos, para, no termo desse percurso, apontar alguns dos desafios que se apresentam a quem se ocupe do tempo lento e íntimo da formação em tempos regidos por demandas e bloqueios movidos por uma dinâmica de tempo acelerado e meramente presentista.
Alargar a Concepção de Ciência é Construir Pontes ou Abismos? Sobre a Filosofia da Ciência de Passeron
Authors: Fagundes Juliana de Orione Arraes
Published: June 2021

Jean-Claude Passeron observa que os critérios do normativismo de Popper não podem ser aplicados Ã s ciências sociais, mas apenas Ã s ciências naturais. Nesse sentido, propõe um alargamento da concepção de ciência e de racionalidade para que as ciências sociais sejam incluídas. Porém, a partir de uma crítica mais ampla a Popper, este trabalho objetiva argumentar que ciências da natureza e humanas compartilham de dificuldades e soluções epistemológicas, não estando assim tão distantes. Além disso, pretende-se olhar para outra possibilidade de abordagem da questão, a partir da aceitação de diferentes formas de descrição de uma mesma realidade. Afinal, talvez a meta de incluir as ciências humanas no rol das ciências tenha uma abordagem mais simples do que tem parecido a Passeron.
Ruptura, Dobra e Emenda do Eu
Authors: Robson Alves da Silva Cássio
Published: June 2021

O impulso que direciona o eu para a objetividade do conhecimento é o mesmo que se volta sobre si mesmo no interior da subjetividade. O propósito deste trabalho é mostrar que esse movimento empreendido pelo indivíduo, ou seja, o desdobrar-se do eu sobre si mesmo (a dobra), é sucedido pela atividade livre do pensamento na qual o eu recupera (emenda) o que se perdeu na busca especulativa. Assim, tal recuperação apresenta-se através de manifestações legítimas da subjetividade (dúvida e desespero), as quais podem ser concebidas como a negatividade constituinte da existência humana. Para tanto, confronta-se a filosofia do dinamarquês Kierkegaard, de caráter não sistemático, com outras concepções sistemáticas do real presentes na história da filosofia, tais como as de Leibniz e o idealismo alemão, a fim de obter um esboço para se pensar a questão do eu como abertura da subjetividade diante da tarefa do existir humano.
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SPECTACULAR PROGRESSIVE IMPROVEMENTS IN ENGINEERING SCIENCES & COMPUTING (ICSPEC 2021)INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SPECTACULAR PROGRESSIVE IMPROVEMENTS IN ENGINEERING SCIENCES & COMPUTING (ICSPEC 2021)
Authors: I Dr. Sharath Chandra , N Dr. Srikanth , S k Dr. Senthil Kumar , S Dr. Venkatessulu , A Dr. Anjaiah , Ansari Shaik , Nayeem Mirza , M Vinod Kumar Reddy , R Dr. Lakshmi
Published: June 2021

The exceptional growth in the number of credit card transactions, especially for online purchases, has recently led to a substantial rise in fraudulent activities. Credit card security is a major concern for any business establishment. With that in mind, it is hard to identify the credit card fraud. Implementation of efficient fraud detection systems has thus become imperative for all credit card issuing banks to minimize their losses.
From attachment insecurity to non-suicidal self-injury: The mediating role of emotion regulation
Authors: Miles Nikki
Published: June 2021

Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a relatively common behaviour in adolescents. This is concerning as NSSI is a transdiagnostic risk factor for a range of mental disorders and is associated with increased risk of later suicide attempts. In this thesis, I used a longitudinal sample of New Zealand secondary school students to investigate the possible developmental pathway of parental attachment to NSSI via the mediating effect of emotion regulation. First, I examined the suitability of the Emotion Regulation Index for Children and Adolescents (ERICA; MacDermott et al., 2010) as a measure of emotion regulation in a New Zealand sample using confirmatory factor analysis, followed by a comparison with a more popularly used measure (the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale; Gratz & Roemer, 2004). Finding the ERICA to be suitable for use with my sample, I conducted a cross-lagged panel analysis with a longitudinal mediation to investigate how attachment, emotion regulation, and NSSI relate to each other over time. I found that emotion regulation was a significant mediator of the relationship between attachment and NSSI, supporting my hypothesis. The theoretical and practical implications of this are discussed in terms of the development of NSSI and intervention and treatment possibilities.
Nuclear Components of the Conceptual Framework ‘Medicine’ in the Modern English Language
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Samara, 443086 Russia, Golubykh A.A.
Published: June 2021

The conceptual framework ‘medicine’ within the English lexicographic, scientific, educational, and mass-media discourse was considered in this paper. The research was motivated by current medical innovations accompanied by word-coining contributing to the renewal of nuclear concepts and their semantic content within the conceptual framework ‘medicine’. The nuclear concepts of the above-mentioned conceptual framework focusing upon semantic, synonymic, and hyper-hyponymic features of medical nouns in English were studied and systematized. For this purpose, the methods of data collection, description, and classification of the empirical materials with elements of semantic and conceptual analysis were used. The key aspects of the modern conceptual framework ‘medicine’ were identified. It was discovered that the conceptual framework ‘medicine’ in the modern English lexicographic, scientific, educational, and mass-media types of discourse is basically actualized through the following nuclear concepts: ‘diseases’, ‘diagnostics and treatment methods’, and ‘drugs’. Interestingly, the nuclear concepts in all types of the English professional discourse enrich and develop the conceptual framework ‘medicine’ with medical terms related to the corresponding professional markers, synonyms, hyponyms, and hyperonyms. The results obtained provide both a valid background for better explanation, translation, and application of medical vocabulary in terms of modern lexicographic, scientific, educational, and mass-media communication strategies.
The Menzerath–Altmann Law: Experimenting with Tatar Texts
Authors:   Kazan Federal University, Kazan, 420008 Russia, Galieva A.M.
Published: June 2021

The Menzerath–Altmann law on the relationship between the length of linguistic units and the length of their components is one of the important laws of quantitative linguistics. This law is a result of an advanced linguistic structures organization and is of great importance for the modern theory of language aimed at revealing the relations between qualitative features and quantitative parameters of the language. The validity of the Menzerath–Altmann law has been confirmed in a number of works on languages with different morphological structures. The main purpose of this paper is empirical testing of the Menzerath–Altmann law on the Tatar language with the help of various fiction texts (both poetry and prose). The distribution of word forms in the Tatar language by length, observed values of the average syllable length depending on the word length, average values of the syllable length predicted by the model, as well as the model parameters were investigated for the analyzed texts. To assess the goodness of fitting of the model, the coefficient of determination R2, which for different texts ranged from 0.676 to 0.999, was used. It was concluded that G. Altman’s formula is in good agreement with the data of the Tatar language. The model predicts not only the decreasing average syllable length with the increasing word length (function monotonicity), but also its subsequent increasing (change in the function monotonicity) for a number of texts.
The Orthography of the Fedorovsky II Parimeinik of the 13th Century
Authors:   Kazan Federal University, Kazan, 420008 Russia, Shtatnova A.O.
Published: June 2021

The spelling, phonetics, and grammar of the Fedorovsky II Parimeinik of the 13th century were analyzed for the first time. The results obtained were used to specify the time when the manuscript was created and the region of its origin: it should be dated to around the second half of the 13th century and confined to the corpus of texts having either Pskov or Novgorod origin. A number of examples were provided to show that the text under study is highly variable at all levels. The active usage of graphic doublets was found. It was noticed that the Old Slavonic reflexes occur along with the Old Russian ones. In the system of past tenses, both archaic and innovative forms were registered. The mobility of the norms of the Old Russian language was observed, thereby indicating the liberalization of the language of church literature. Therefore, the Fedorovsky II Parimeinik was susceptible to changes that took place in the language system of that time and fell under the influence of Russification.
Evolution of Free Indirect Speech Structures in English, American, and Russian Literature
Authors:   Moscow State Linguistic University, Moscow, 119034 Russia, Alimova A.D.
Published: June 2021

Changes that free indirect speech underwent in English, American, and Russian literature during the 20th century were investigated. Both general and more specific (qualitative and quantitative) trends in the free indirect speech development were discussed. Free indirect speech was considered from a diachronic point of view, i.e., the study aims to identify a correlation between the patterns that could be relevant for literary translation from English into Russian and vice versa. Based on the results of the quantitative and qualitative analysis of free indirect speech contexts, it was demonstrated that free indirect speech has evolved. A notable increase in the degree of textual interference and in the variety of models employed was observed. Interestingly, the frequency of occurrence of free indirect speech structures in literary texts varies from decade to decade. Although there are some common trends in free indirect speech usage following the global tendencies in literature, its evolution depends on particular national literary traditions as well. The data obtained show that the most intense usage of free indirect speech segments is typical for the English literature. From the translation perspective, it is important that the general frequency and functional models of indirect speech usage can slightly differ even in texts of the same period or among the writers.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ КОГНІТИВНОГО КОМПОНЕНТА ЦІННІСНИХ ОРІЄНТАЦІЙ СТУДЕНТІВ-ВОЛОНТЕРІВ
Authors: Подолянчук Діана
Published: June 2021

Мета. Статтю присвячено дослідженню ціннісних орієнтацій студентів педагогічного університету. Мета статті – представити результати емпіричного вивчення особливостей когнітивного компонента ціннісних орієнтацій студентів педагогічного університету, які беруть участь у волонтерському русі.

Методи. Вивчення теоретичних аспектів проблеми здійснено з використанням загальнонаукових методів (аналізу, синтезу, узагальнення). Емпіричне дослідження ціннісних орієнтацій студентів виконано за допомогою методики вивчення індивідуальних цінностей Шварца, адаптованої В. М. Карандашевим. Обробку отриманих результатів здійснено за допомогою методів математичної статистики (критерій Фішера, критерій Стьюдента).

Результати. Аналіз теоретичних джерел дозволив констатувати важливість ціннісних орієнтацій як особистісних чинників волонтерської діяльності студентів. При цьому в структурі ціннісних орієнтацій важлива роль належить когнітивному компоненту, що відображає нормативні ідеали студентів, їхні ціннісні уявлення («цінності-знання»), що тією чи іншою мірою впливають на особистість. У результаті проведеного дослідження визначено абсолютні показники середніх значень різних типів нормативних цінностей та їхній ранг для студентів-волонтерів і студентів, які не практикували волонтерську діяльність. Порівняльний аналіз із застосуванням критеріїв Фішера і Стьюдента дав змогу визначити відмінності у ставленні обох груп студентів до різних типів цінностей.

Висновки. Проведене дослідження засвідчило, що у ставленні до більшості типів нормативних цінностей (безпека, конформність, гедонізм, універсалізм, влада, традиції) між студентами-волонтерами і тими, що не беруть участі у волонтерській діяльності, відсутні статистично значущі відмінності. З’ясовано, що найбільш значущими для всіх студентів є цінності доброзичливості та безпеки. Основними групами цінностей, ставлення до яких відрізняє студентів-волонтерів від тих, які не займаються волонтерською діяльності, є досягнення та доброзичливість. У ставленні до інших груп цінностей (самостійність, стимуляція) також спостерігаються певні відмінності між студентами досліджуваних груп. Проте за помітної різниці в абсолютних середніх показниках ці відмінності не досягають рівня статистичної значущості. Варто також відзначити достатній рівень обізнаності сучасних студентів з різними типами нормативних цінностей.
КЛЮЧОВІ СОЦІАЛЬНО-ПСИХОЛОГІЧНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПОДРУЖЖЯ ЗІ СВІДОМОЮ БАГАТОДІТНІСТЮ
Authors: Чепелєва Надія
Published: June 2021

Мета. У статті здійснено теоретичний та емпіричний аналіз окремих соціально-психологічних особливостей подружніх пар зі свідомою багатодітністю.

Методи. Теоретичний соціально психологічний аналіз феномену багатодітності щодо характеристик, які зумовлюють, сприяють свідомому вибору багатодітності подружжя. На базі теоретичного аналізу було розроблено анкету і здійснено опитування, яке включало декілька сутнісних блоків – питання щодо прийняття рішення про багатодітність, щодо труднощів багатодітної родини, особливостей внутрішньосімейної та соціальної підтримки.

Результати. Теоретично й емпірично виявлені соціально-психологічні особливості людей, які свідомо стали батьками 3-х і більше дітей та відчувають у цьому своє покликання, потребу і бажання, базуються на високих репродуктивних початкових установках у більшості респондентів. З’ясовано, що перехід сім’ї до багатодітності може здійснюватися різними етапами, але можна ствердно говорити, що усвідомлену багатодітність слід розглядати як заплановану багатодітність. Це підтверджується даними статистики й соціокультурними механізмами, за якими саме наявність 3-х і більше дітей є тим рівнем, який зумовлює життєздатність суспільства і родини.

Проаналізовані дані опитування благополучних багатодітних родин, де спостерігається життєва стійкість сімейної системи, жінки займаються професійною діяльністю, самореалізовані, і при цьому поєднують материнство та виховання дітей, адже в сучасному світі цінність батьківства конкурує з іншими цінностями, зокрема з успішною професійною діяльністю і кар'єрою. Встановлені певні суспільні установки та стереотипи щодо багатодітності. Наведені сучасні погляди суспільства, згідно з якими призначення жінки – це не лише материнство і дім, а й інші можливості для реалізації закладеного в ній потенціалу. Основою свідомої багатодітності подружжя є особистісна і соціальна зрілість його членів.

Висновки. В роботі сформульовані соціальні і особистісні характеристики, проблеми і труднощі, з якими стикаються батьки зі свідомою багатодітністю. Доведено, що соціальна підтримка хоча й відіграє суттєву роль, але насамперед потрібно формувати її на базі психологічної готовності, свідомого вибору, можливостей самореалізації таких сімей і батьків зокрема.
ГЕНДЕРНІ ВІДМІННОСТІ ПОВЕДІНКОВОГО КОМПОНЕНТУ СОЦІАЛЬНОГО ІНТЕЛЕКТУ ДІТЕЙ З ОСОБЛИВИМИ ОСВІТНІМИ ПОТРЕБАМИ
Authors: Коць Михайло , Дучимінська Тамара , Полікарчик Софія
Published: June 2021

Мета. У статті здійснено теоретичний аналіз та емпіричне дослідження гендерних відмінностей поведінкового компоненту соціального інтелекту дітей з особливими освітніми потребами.

Методи. Вибірку склали учні 7-11 класів навчально-реабілітаційного центру. Загальна чисельність яких склала 60 осіб: 36 хлопців та 24 дівчат. Досліджувані представляли собою групу різну за статевими та віковими параметрами. Для проведення емпіричного дослідження було використано: опитувальник «Соціальна адаптованість», тест «Визначення стилю поведінки в конфліктній ситуації» (К. Томас, адаптація Н. Грішиної), шкали самомоніторингу Снайдера.

Результати. Встановлено, що хлопці більш соціально адаптовані, ніж дівчата. Це зумовлене, перш за все, середовищем, в якому навчаються діти з особливими освітніми потребами. Підтверджено, що у хлопців найбільше виражений оптимальний рівень самомоніторингу, тоді як в дівчат переважає високий рівень. Це свідчить про те, що у хлопців феномен самомоніторингу більш розвинутий ніж у дівчат.

Висновки. Виявлено низку статистично значущих кореляційних зв’язків, а саме: між стилями поведінки в конфліктних ситуаціях та рівнем самомоніторингу дітей з особливими освітніми потребами, а також між рівнем соціальної адаптованості та стилями поведінки у дівчат. Перспективами подальших досліджень вбачаємо у проведенні емпіричного дослідження особистісної сфери дітей з особливими освітніми потребами, вивчення основних причин, форм та проявів поведінкових розладів з метою їх ранньої діагностики та корекції.
Comparison of Transvaginal Repair of Vesicovaginal Fistula with and without Martius Flap
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Urology, AMC/PGMI/Lahore General Hospital, Lahore Pakistan, Siddiqui Muhammad Ejaz
Published: June 2021

Background: Different approaches and techniques have been adopted to repair Vesicovaginal Fistula (VVF) successfully. However, role of tissue interposition in success of VVF repair is still controversial. Objective: To compare the outcomes of transvaginal repair of Vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) with and without martius flap in terms of success rate and recurrence. Study Design: Randomized control study. Settings: Department of Urology Lahore General Hospital, Lahore Pakistan. Duration: One year and six months from January 01, 2019 to June 30, 2020. Methodology: Total 40 patients with VVF were included in the research, malignant, radiation induced and complex fistula are excluded. 40 patients of transvaginal repair of VVF, split into two groups, randomized by serial number technique each consisting of 20, group A repaired with martius flap and group B with simple repair without martius flap. After 2, 4 and 8 weeks all the patients were assessed for recurrence or any other complication. The data was collected in a specially designed proforma. Results: 40 patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included, 20 patients in each group. Mean age of group A patients was 36.70±5.16 and of that group B was 37.10±4.58. 33 (85.5%) patients have supra-trigonal fistula, while 7(14.5%) had trigonal fistula and mean fistula size was 1.96cm ±1.0. The success rate was 100% (20/20) in group A, while in group B, 95 % (19/20) with recurrence in one case. Chi square analysis was employed for comparison of adequacy of both the techniques. p-value was found to be 0.311 which suggests that the difference between the efficacies of two techniques was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Both the techniques of transvaginal repair of simple benign Vesicovaginal fistula are successful with equal success rate in martius inter positional flap repair and simple bilayer repair without flap.
Is Ultrasound a Viable Imaging Modality for the Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma? A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Radiology, Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical College, Lyari Pakistan, Rani Reeta
Published: June 2021

Background: Radiologists are always questioning the use of an imagine modality as compared to the other, this study helps answer that question for the diagnosis of Hepatocellular carcinoma. Objective: To compare the use of MRI imaging technique with ultrasonography for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Study Design: The type of study is a Prospective Cross-Sectional study. Settings: A large tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. Duration: One year from July 2018 to July 2019. Methodology: The inclusion criteria was all the patients who were referred to us with symptoms for concern for hepatic tumors. For the MRI we used a 1.5 tesla machine, and for the ultrasound we used a conventional grey scale ultrasonography with a probe of 5 MHz. We performed multiphasic contrast enhanced MRI’s, with images taken both before the injection of the contrast and afterwards in the various phases such as the arterial phase, portal venous phase and finally the delayed phase respectively. Results: The study population consisted of n=110 patients having a mean age of 46.5 +/- 5.50 years. There were n= 78 (70.90%) males and n= 32 (20.09%) females. N= 101 (91.81%) patients had a diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma as per MRI scan, for ultrasound n= 47 (42.72%) patients were diagnosed as true positive, n= 2 (1.81%) were false positive, n= 54 (49.09%) were false negative, while n= 7 (6.36%) cases were truly negative. The specificity was 77.77% the sensitivity was 46.53%, the positive predictive value was 95.91%, negative predictive value was 11.4%, and accuracy was 49.09% respectively. Conclusion: We found that the specificity of ultrasound as a diagnostic modality for hepatocellular carcinoma as compared to the MRI scan is good, however it is only able to correctly identify about half the patients, hence care should be taken when interpreting the results of ultrasound for hepatocellular carcinoma.
Psychological Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on the Healthcare Workers of a Tertiary Care Hospital of Lahore
Authors:   Professor, Department of Pathology, Sharif Medical & Dental College, Lahore Pakistan, Aslam Maria
Published: June 2021

Background: The psychological stress associated with the COVID-19 pandemic can have long-term effects on the health and coping abilities of HCWs. COVID 19 has exhausted the healthcare workers globally both physically and mentally. This article focuses on the Psychological stresses faced by the healthcare workers of a tertiary setup. Objective: To determine the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the healthcare workers (HCWs) of a tertiary care hospital of Lahore. Study Design: Descriptive, cross-sectional study. Settings: Sharif Medical City Hospital, Lahore Pakistan. Duration: From July 2020 to August 2020. Methodology: A total of 82 healthcare workers were enrolled in the study on a voluntary basis by convenient sampling technique and filled an online questionnaire including demographic information, informed consent, validated Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21) and the factors causing psychological distress. The data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24. Results: Out of 82 HCWs, 47(57.3%) had stress, 42(51.2%) had depression and 29(35.4%) had anxiety. Most of the HCWs with stress had mild and moderate stress. The majority of the HCWs were suffering from moderate depression and moderate anxiety. The most common factor causing psychological stress among HCWs was the fear of getting infected with COVID-19 followed by chances of spreading the disease to family members and the non-availability of personal protective equipment. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has a great psychological impact on the healthcare workers in Pakistan. A large proportion of HCWs suffered from stress (57.3%), depression (51.2%) and anxiety (35.4%). The most common factors causing psychological distress in HCWs were the fear of getting infected with COVID-19 (80.5%), chances of spreading the disease to family members (65.9%) and the non-availability of personal protective equipment (59.8%).
Attribute Non-Attendance and Consumer Preferences for Online Food Products in Germany
Authors: Richartz P. Christoph , Abdulai Awudu , Kornher Lukas
Published: June 2021

In this article, we apply a choice experiment method to examine consumers’ preferences for online food product attributes, using survey data for German consumers for meat products. We use both mixed logit and latent class models to analyze preference heterogeneity and sources of heterogeneity, as well as endogenous attribute attendance models to account for consumers’ attribute processing strategies. The empirical results reveal significant heterogeneity in preferences for online meat attributes among consumers. We also find that consumers’ willingness to pay estimates are highly influenced by their attribute processing strategies.
Randomised Controlled Trials for the Evaluation of the CAP: Em-pirical Evidence about Acceptance by Farmers
Authors: Morawetz Ulrich B. , Tribl Christoph
Published: June 2021

To conduct a randomised controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate the Common Agricultural Policy it would be necessary to exclude a random selection of farms from participation. This exclusion might limit the acceptance of RCTs. We assess the acceptance of an innovative alternative RCT called the ‘unconditional payment RCT’ (upRCT). UpRCTs allow for the evaluation of the impact of policy measures in which farmers receive a payment conditional on the adoption of farm management practices (e.g., agri-environment-climate measures). We surveyed Austrian farmers who participated in the ‘refrain from silage’ measure to compare the acceptance of a conventional RCT and an upRCT using thought experiments. The acceptance of the farmers was between 18% and 51%, and the treatment effects of both variants were of comparable size. Our survey suggests that acceptance of the upRCT is about twice as high as the acceptance of the conventional RCT. We discuss that upRCTs are useful when a new measure is introduced or when the upRCT is conducted for several years.
Online Purchases of Plant Protection Products: A Discrete Choice Experiment with Agricultural Entrepreneurs in Germany
Authors: Danne Michael , Fecke Wilm , Mußhoff Oliver
Published: June 2021

Digitalization is progressing more and more and increasingly influencing business processes in companies. In this context, e-commerce plays an important role for the future development of rural areas. Nonetheless, there is so far no study which investigates the use of e-commerce for business purposes in rural areas. Hence, primary data was collected from 250 farmers by conducting a discrete choice experiment about the purchase of crop protection products. The "willingness to accept" (WTA) of agricultural entrepreneurs for e-commerce was estimated using a mixed logit model. The results show that agricultural entrepreneurs demand a discount when they purchase inputs via online trading rather than from their current trader. Furthermore, the presence of a private respectively state label for an online retailer has a positive effect on e-commerce usage. However, the longer delivery time has a negative effect on the use of e-commerce for crop protection product purchases. The results show that consultation and personal contact between the dealer and the customer are of great importance. These core findings are very relevant to business practice, as they provide online agricultural traders of agricultural inputs with initial clues regarding appropriate marketing measures and allow de-riving recommendations for policy measures. In addition, by considering individual-specific characteristics, it could be shown that there is a statistically significant relationship between the risk attitude and education level with the e-commerce acceptance of an agricultural entrepreneur.
Development of Supply Curves for Biodiversity Offsets on Agricultural Land – a Case Study from the Stuttgart Region
Authors: Sponagel Christian , Back Hans , Angenendt Elisabeth , Bahrs Enno
Published: June 2021

Impacts on nature and landscape are to be offset in accordance with different nature conservation acts in various European countries. In Germany in particular, biodiversity offsets can also be made in advance, for instance, by booking them into eco-accounts, and then allocating them to an intervention. In Baden-Württemberg, these offset measures are assessed in eco credits in accordance with the Eco Account Regulation (ÖKVO). As a means of income diversification, farmers can voluntarily implement offset measures on their land, and then generate and sell corresponding eco credits. Using a geodata-based model, the potential for implementing biodiversity offsets on arable land – areas with major eco credit potential – is analysed from an economic perspective. The Stuttgart Region is a steadily growing conurbation in south-west Germany. It serves as a study region since the loss of farmland due to large-scale construction measures and the related offsetting are a major issue here. In the analysis, the gross margins of the crops grown, their yield capacity, the associated standard land values and the costs of possible offset measures are used to determine the net present value of the arable land at parcel level. From a theoretical point of view and depending on the market price for eco credits, there is a significant potential for offset measures on arable land. Production-integrated compensation (PIC) – an extensification of arable land use – is less economically viable than the conversion of arable land into grassland or its utilisation for nature conservation. There are major spatial disparities between the city of Stuttgart and the surrounding districts. The implementation of biodiversity offsets is not economically viable at a price of less than € 1.00 per eco credit in the city of Stuttgart. By contrast, in surrounding districts, offset measures may be economically viable and implemented on a large scale for less than € 0.30. This is particularly relevant as the districts concerned are located in the same natural area as the city of Stuttgart and the eco credits can, therefore, be attributed in the event of interventions. Based on derived supply curves, decision-makers can see the scale of additional costs of biodiversity offset measures if they are implemented in a spatially restricted region. The analyses presented here can help decision-makers to more easily weigh up the desired natural characteristics and economic effects in the context of agricultural land.
Steering household consumption with carbon footprint data – A critical assessment
Authors: Salo Marja
Published: June 2021

Lectio Praecursoria of Doctoral Dissertation
University of Helsinki 5.5.2021
Suhteetonta elämää - parisuhteettomien onnellisuustekijät
Authors: Kinnunen Anu , Kontula Osmo
Published: June 2021

Tässä tutkimuksessa selvitetään parisuhteettomien miesten ja naisten onnellisuuteen yhteydessä olevia tekijöitä ja tarkastellaan, kuinka onnellisuus kytkeytyy intiimisuhteisiin, yksinäisyyden kokemukseen, liikunnallisuuteen, alkoholin käyttöön, uskonnollisuuteen, terveyteen ja sosioekonomiseen asemaan. Aineistona käytetään FINSEX-kyselyn parisuhteettomien vastauksia (N=944) ja menetelmänä binääristä logistista regressioanalyysiä sekä ristiintaulukointia. Kysymme, eroavatko parisuhteettomat miehet ja naiset toisistaan onnellisuuden ja onnellisuuteen yhteydessä olevien tekijöiden suhteen. Tulokset osoittavat, että parisuhteettomat naiset ovat keskimäärin parisuhteettomia miehiä onnellisempia. Miehet raportoivat naisia useammin, että kumppanin löytäminen sitä kaivattaessa on vaikeaa. Parisuhteettomien naisten onnellisuus on vahvasti yhteydessä vähäiseen koettuun yksinäisyyteen. Parisuhteettomien miesten onnellisuutta puolestaan ennustavat voimakkaimmin vähäiset psykosomaattiset oireet ja liikunnallisuus.
Flourishing Despite Migraines: A Nationally Representative Portrait of Resilience and Mental Health among Canadians
Authors: Fuller-Thomson Esme
Published: June 2021

Objective

1) To examine the relationship between migraine status and complete mental health (CMH) among a nationally representative sample of Canadians; 2) To identify significant correlates of CMH among those with migraine.

Methods

Secondary analysis of the nationally representative Canadian Community Health Survey – Mental Health (CCHS-MH) (N=21,108). Bivariate analyses and a series of logistic regression models were performed to identify the association between migraine status and CMH. Significant correlates of CMH were identified in the sample of those with migraine (N=2,186).

Results

Individuals without a history of migraine had 72% higher odds of being in CMH (OR=1.72; 95% CI=1.57, 1.89) when compared with those with a history of migraine. After accounting for physical health and mental health problems, the relationship between migraine status and CMH was reduced to non-significance, with both groups having an approximately equal likelihood of achieving CMH (OR=1.03; 05% CI=(0.92, 1.15). Among those with migraine, factors that were strongly associated with CMH were a lack of a history of depression, having a confidant, and having an income of $80,000 or more.

Conclusion

Clinicians and health care providers should also address co-occurring physical and mental health issues to support the overall well-being of migraineurs.
Pseudotumoral Presentation of Cerebral Amyloid-Beta Angiopathy: Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Roca Claudia Uribe , Gonzalez Fabio Maximiliano , Bala Marta Ines , Saucedo Miguel , Bandeo Lucrecia , Cejas Luciana Leon , Pacha Sol , Bonardo Pablo , Rugilo Carlos , Dezanzo Pablo , Torino Rafael , Sevlever Gustavo , Pardal Manuel Fernandez , Reisin Ricardo
Published: June 2021

Objective Cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation (CAA-RI) is a rare and potentially treatable encephalopathy that usually affects people older than 50 years old and has an acute or subacute clinical presentation characterized by rapidly evolving cognitive decline, focal deficits and seizures. In a small subset of patients the disease can adopt a pseudotumoral form in the neuroimages that represents a very difficult diagnostic challenge.Methods Here in we report a patient with a tumour-like presentation of histopathologically confirmed CAA-RI.Results We also conducted a search and reviewed the clinical and radiological features of 41 cases of pseudotumoral CAA-RI previously reported in the literature in order to identify those characteristics that should raise diagnostic suspicions of the disease, there by avoiding unnecessary surgical treatments.Conclusion The therapy of CAA-RI with steroids is usually effective and clinical and radiological remission can be achieved in the first month in approximately 70% of cases.