bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
L’implantation des tracteurs en Saône-et-Loire (1945-1974)
Authors: Martin Cassandra
Published: November 2023

L’époque des « Trente Glorieuses » en France est marquée par une volonté étatique de « modernisation » de l’agriculture dont l’une des composantes essentielles est la diffusion des tracteurs. Bien que celle-ci soit massive, elle donne également lieu à des compromis et des résistances qui ont largement été oubliés. Ainsi, l’histoire de l’adoption des tracteurs en Saône-et-Loire entre 1945 et 1974 permet de nuancer ce récit d’une mécanisation rapide et consensuelle de l’agriculture qui doit lui-même être historicisé. Effectivement, la réussite de la mécanisation agricole s’explique notamment par la création d’un récit d’une nouvelle destinée agricole associée à la modernité au volant du tracteur. Celui-ci apparait comme un vecteur de revalorisation de l’identité professionnelle et personnelle, masculine, des agriculteurs à l’heure de profonds bouleversements et de stigmatisation des paysans comme des êtres archaïques.
Politiques publiques de Villes et de Territoires Intelligents : le rôle clé de la gouvernance dans le processus de création de valeur publique
Authors: Frucquet Pascal , Carassus David , Chabaud Didier , Marin Pierre
Published: November 2023

Le concept de Smart City est régulièrement associé à une ambition de création de valeur multi-dimensionnelle. Plusieurs auteurs proposent de l’étudier du point de vue de la théorie de la valeur publique. Toutefois, peu de travaux adressent directement la question de l’influence des pratiques de gouvernance dans le processus de création de valeur publique. Nous proposons de remédier à ce manque en nous centrant sur les politiques publiques de Villes et de Territoires Intelligents (VTI). Après un état des lieux de la littérature relative aux relations entre Smart City , gouvernance et valeur publique, nous élaborons un cadre d’analyse qui s’efforce d’appréhender, pour chaque action et activité composant les politiques VTI, le mode dominant de gouvernance entre proactivité et ouverture, ainsi que le(s) type(s) de valeur publique créé(s). Les six «  mécanismes générateurs de valeur  » décrits par Harrison et al. (2012), efficience, efficacité, améliorations intrinsèques, transparence, participation et collaboration, sont positionnés en tant que variable médiatrice. Nous réalisons alors une étude qualitative longitudinale exploratoire sur deux collectivités locales françaises. Nos résultats permettent de préciser le rôle de la gouvernance locale dans le processus de création de valeur publique dans la mise en œuvre des politiques VTI. Nous mettons en évidence la contribution de la gouvernance proactive à la création des cinq premiers types de valeur publique identifiés par Harrison et al. (2012) : économique, politique, sociale, stratégique et qualité de vie. La gouvernance ouverte contribue également à ces types de valeur publique, mais surtout aux deux derniers : idéologique et intendance. Toutefois, sa mise en pratique reste principalement limitée par des facteurs techniques et organisationnels, ainsi que par de fortes tensions sur les ressources, qui rendent difficile de mener conjointement la double dynamique de proactivité et d’ouverture. Nous identifions ainsi un risque de ne pas voir se réaliser la promesse associée au concept de Smart City de renouvellement de la relation des autorités publiques avec leur environnement de légitimité et de soutien, et donc de ne rester que sur des dynamiques partielles de création de valeur publique.
L’œuvre enluminée du « Maître de Wavrin » : un corpus de romans bourguignons très original
Authors: Brown-Grant Rosalind
Published: November 2023

L’objectif de cette contribution est d’étudier le rapport entre textes et images dans les quinze textes enluminés dans les années 1450-1460 par un peintre lillois surnommé le « Maître de Wavrin ». Cet artiste, spécialisé dans la production de romans de chevalerie, réalise sur des manuscrits en papier plus de 600 dessins à l’encre relevés d’un lavis d’aquarelle. La présente étude renouvelle l’approche de cet enlumineur, célèbre pour son style vif et expressif, grâce à une confrontation systématique des miniatures et des textes. Contrairement à l’idée longtemps reçue selon laquelle l’enlumineur proposerait une lecture satirique des romans de chevalerie qu’il illustre, la présente contribution démontre que l’originalité du Maître de Wavrin tient davantage à l’interprétation humoristique et ironique de certains épisodes bien connus. Lorsque plusieurs manuscrits existent d’un même texte, l’étude contrastive des programmes iconographiques souligne également combien le Maître de Wavrin accentue la dimension érotique des récits. Ce dernier se révèle par ailleurs un fin connaisseur des conventions iconographiques de portée juridique établies dans les livres de droit contemporains et il le prouve dans la composition des nombreuses scènes de jugements pour cause d’inceste, de viol ou de meurtre qui parcourent les romans du fonds Wavrin. L’article montre ainsi, grâce à l’étude de l’humour visuel, de l’érotisme et de la coloration juridique qui se dégagent de ses miniatures, l’extrême singularité du Maître de Wavrin au sein de la production romanesque contemporaine.
Vaccination coverage of primary care providers against seasonal influenza, tetanus, pneumococcal pneumonia and herpes zoster: A cross-sectional study in Greece
Authors: Kalatzi Panagiota , Travlos Antonios K. , Geladas Nickos , Iliadou Maria , Tzavara Chara , Chryssanthopoulos Costas , Mihopoulos Alexandros , Tziaferi Styliani
Published: November 2023

Introduction

Primary care providers' (PCPs) compliance to self-immunization is important for their protection and the protection of their colleagues and patients and has been associated with the coverage of the general public. In this study, we aim to investigate the vaccination coverage of PCPs.

Methods

A questionnaire-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among physicians, nurses and pharmacists employed in public or private primary care settings in Greece. Demographic and occupational characteristics as well as vaccination coverage data for influenza, tetanus, pneumococcal pneumonia and herpes zoster were collected. Statistical significance was set at 0.05.

Results

In total, 748 (61.7% response rate) PCPs participated. Vaccination rates were 66.4% (496/747) for influenza (2019/2020 flu season), 62.9% (469/746) for tetanus (10-year Td or Tdap booster dose), 70% (14/20) for pneumococcal pneumonia (≥ 1 dose of PPSV23 or PCV13) and 12.3% (10/81) for herpes zoster. Multiple logistic regression revealed that nurses had significantly lower probability of being vaccinated against influenza [odds ratio (OR) = 0.25; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.14–0.45] and pharmacists had significantly lower probability of being vaccinated against both influenza (OR = 0.44; 95% CI = 0.31–0.62) and influenza & tetanus (OR = 0.52; 95% CI = 0.37–0.73) compared to physicians. Older age (>40 years) was an independent risk factor for not receiving a tetanus vaccine (40–49 vs. 19–39; OR = 0.42; 95% CI = 0.28–0.63, over 50 years old vs. 19–39; OR = 0.54; 95% CI = 0.36–0.79).

Conclusions

The results revealed suboptimal vaccination rates among health providers who are in the frontline of adult immunization. Individualized and targeted measures to improve their vaccination coverage and indirectly the vaccination coverage of their patients, are therefore required.
Aproximación a la organización social de los asentamientos polinucleares del Bronce Final y del Hierro Antiguo en el sureste de Iberia (ss. IX-VI a. n. e.)
Authors: Grau Ignacio , San Quirico García Raquel
Published: November 2023

Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar una nueva propuesta sobre la estructura social de las comunidades del sureste peninsular durante el periodo de tránsito del Bronce Final y el Hierro Antiguo. A partir del análisis de los patrones de asentamiento y la organización doméstica del espacio de una serie de enclaves, como El Castellar de Librilla (Murcia), La Peña Negra (Alacant), La Sierra de Santa Ana (Murcia) y El Tossal del Morquí (València), describimos un poblamiento inorgánico y descentralizado, que explicamos por una organización social basada en el parentesco bilateral y una estructuración política de tipo heterárquico. Esta nueva propuesta difiere de los modelos de sociedades gentilicias basados en la servidumbre clientelar, que han sido la principal forma de entender las sociedades ibéricas durante los últimos años.
La Soufrière de Guadeloupe : la population est-elle prête à faire face à une nouvelle crise volcanique ?
Authors: Gillet Olivier , Daudé Éric , Gherardi Monique , Leone Frédéric , Komorowski Jean-Christophe
Published: November 2023

Cet article explore les questions des perceptions et des préparations relatives au risque volcanique en Guadeloupe, s'appuyant sur des enquêtes et entretiens réalisés en 2020 et 2021. Malgré l'élaboration de stratégies adaptatives depuis la dernière crise éruptive de 1976, l'étude met en évidence une méconnaissance généralisée des procédures d'évacuation, souligne la difficulté d’imposer une stratégie de gestion top-down et met en évidence la méfiance des citoyens vis-à-vis du pouvoir central. C’est dans ce contexte que des pistes d'amélioration se doivent d'être explorées afin de renforcer les liens entre les individus et les acteurs impliqués, ainsi que leurs niveaux de préparation aux futures crises éruptives.
Back in Black: getting beneath the haze on Adolph Gottlieb’s Thrust
Authors: Digney-Peer Shawn , Centeno Silvia A. , Arslanoglu Julie , Carò Federico
Published: November 2023

Thrust (1959) is an iconic example of Adolph Gottlieb’s series of “Bursts” (1956-1974). The painting is grand in scale and consists of an aggressive thrash of black, gestural strokes beneath a crimson, haloed disc, on a white background. Gottlieb said that given the limited palette, his color choices were critical in conveying the emotional quality of his work. The appearance of Thrust was compromised when efflorescence became visible on the surface in 1981; the material presented as a subtle white haze that made the black appear gray. By 1996, the effect had become more pronounced, and the painting was taken off view. Recent curatorial interest in displaying the painting motivated an evaluation of its condition and of treatment options. This paper discusses the painting’s materials and techniques, the composition of the efflorescence as investigated by spectroscopic and chromatographic methods, and considerations given to its treatment.
“…the most thankless color”: Aleksandr Rodchenko’s black-on-black paintings
Authors: Kokkori Maria , Sutherland Ken
Published: November 2023

This paper provides an overview of the historical and cultural contexts that influenced Aleksandr Rodchenko’s use of black, by analyzing the artist’s reflections on the subject. It examines Rodchenko’s engagement with materials, including his unconventional choices, like the use of asphalt, and highlights his exploitation of the unique working and visual properties of the materials he used. The essay also considers the relationship between technology and art, and how they are integrated in Rodchenko’s use of black paint throughout his body of work.
Black coal cinder ceramics: an unusual technological choice in Sichuan Province, China
Authors: Reedy Chandra L.
Published: November 2023

In Sichuan Province, China, many workshops on the historic pottery street of Yingjing and one small one in Gaoxian produce black pottery by adding ground coal cinders to their clay. This unique raw material is fired with a kiln design and process that are also unique. Coarse-grained cooking products are most common, but fine-grained teawares and other new product lines recently emerged in Yingjing to meet new market niches. High-temperature phases such as mullite, cristobalite, and glass seen in thin sections primarily reflect those also seen in the coal cinders. The volume of closed and open pores and the structure of pore systems differ for coarse versus fine wares and are well suited for intended product functions. Variation in pore systems for Yingjing coarse wares indicates subtle differences in raw materials, materials preparation, and firing temperatures between workshops and within each workshop’s numerous production runs and products compared with the sole Gaoxian small workshop with very limited products.
Quand les armes blanches se parent de galuchat noir : étude de la peau de requin comme matériau de gainerie aux xviiie et xixe siècles
Authors: Garet Mathilde
Published: November 2023

Le mot galuchat renvoie aussi bien à de la peau de raie qu’à de la peau de requin. Cette dernière a été essentiellement utilisée en Europe aux xviiie et xixe siècles à la suite des essais du gainier Jean-Claude Galluchat (1689-1774) qui a laissé son nom au matériau. Les deux types de peaux ont des histoires et des matérialités différentes, souvent méconnues et peu valorisées dans les musées. En ce qui concerne la peau de requin, on remarque une production et des techniques différenciées selon la typologie des objets produits. Ainsi, tandis que les petits étuis très précieux sont recouverts de peau de requin poncée et teinte en vert, les armes blanches sont gainées de la peau du même requin, mais laissée brute et colorée en noir. Si les premiers sont bien connus et généralement associés au mot galuchat, les secondes n’ont jamais été étudiées. Cet article propose d’en retracer l’historique et la technique sans perdre de vue la fascinante matérialité du galuchat. Ce matériau étant aujourd’hui très présent dans les collections muséales, il semble important de le (re)connaître et d’en percer les mystères plus ou moins volontairement entretenus.
Rediscovering the Fishing Cycle of Umberto Coromaldi
Authors: D’Agostino Laura , Iazurlo Paola
Published: November 2023

The paper reports on the discovery and restoration of the pictorial cycle made by Umberto Coromaldi (Rome, 1870-1948) for the external decoration of the Fishing Pavilion at the International Exposition in Rome of 1911, composed by large oil on canvas depicting fishing scenes and nudes of fishermen. After the event, with the demolition of the pavilion, the whole cycle was eventually forgotten: the largest canvases were rolled and for decades left in a series of deposits. Rediscovered in 2004, the paintings were in extremely poor condition. For their recovery, the Istituto Centrale per il Restauro (ICR) undertook a complex conservation program and a parallel research project to clarify the Coromaldi painting technique, the exhibition context, the history of the paintings and the figure of the artist himself, an artist soon forgotten after his death but whose value can now finally be recognised.
The Role of Women Leadership in Environmental Management
Authors: Kakade Kiran Shrimant , Kulkarni Anjali M. , Naik Kasturi R.
Published: November 2023

Women provide environmental management with unique perspectives, skills, and talents that help improve sustainability and conservation. This chapter examines women's unique position in environmental management, emphasising the various disciplines in which they participate and the valuable contributions they make. Women must participate in environmental decision-making processes for long-lasting outcomes. They frequently value long-term environmental sustainability, social equality, and neighborhood well-being highly. Women are better equipped than men to manage complex environmental issues holistically, considering interrelated social, economic, and ecological factors. This chapter reviews the research on women's environmental leadership in environmental management, makes policy recommendations for possible government initiatives to increase the representation of women in environmental decision-making, and identifies areas for additional data collection and research.
Opportunities and Challenges for Indian Women Leaders in Environmental Management
Authors: Nidhan Priyadarshini
Published: November 2023

This chapter examines the opportunities and challenges faced by Indian women leaders in the field of environmental management. As India undergoes rapid development and faces growing environmental concerns, the need for effective leadership in environmental management becomes increasingly crucial. The chapter highlights the progress made in promoting women's involvement in this field, such as increasing awareness, government policies, education and skill development, networking opportunities, and global collaborations. However, it also identifies the challenges that hinder women's progress, including gender biases, limited representation, work-life balance, resource access, and cultural constraints.
Demystifying Metaverse Applications for Intelligent Healthcare
Authors: Gaur Loveleen , Gaur Devanshi , Afaq Anam
Published: November 2023

The metaverse is a virtual, interlinked digital world where users can connect, socialise, and participate in numerous activities using virtual, augmented, and other innovative technologies. It is a phrase borrowed from science fiction recently gaining popularity in the information and technology sector. It's a sizable, shared, 3D virtual environment that illustrates a collective, shared online space that stretches beyond traditional internet experiences. The chapter explores and investigates how immersive technologies, such as virtual reality, augmented reality, and others, might improve several facets of healthcare and make it more intelligent, effective, and patient-centred.
Harnessing Parasocial Interaction in Entrepreneurial Education
Authors: Rathakrishnan Thanuja , Kumar Thivashini B. Jaya , Feranita Feranita , Lin Woon Leong
Published: November 2023

This chapter examines the use of virtual mentors in distance learning for entrepreneurship education. Virtual mentors establish a strong connection with students via sharing personal stories, overcoming the challenges of physical interaction in distance learning. The benefits of learning from global experts are discussed, along with the importance of parasocial interaction for meaningful engagement in the context of distance learning. Virtual mentors provide personalized guidance, industry-specific insights, and networking opportunities, contributing to entrepreneurial knowledge. The chapter contributes to the theoretical understanding of entrepreneurship education and expands the application of parasocial interaction beyond media and entertainment. It provides practical strategies for educators to enhance the distance learning experiences, leveraging virtual mentors to provide real-world insights and facilitate networking. Overall, this chapter highlights that integration between parasocial interaction and virtual mentors facilitate entrepreneurial education in distance learning.
Optical membrane for visual screening of mercury determination in drinking water based on polyvinyl chloride and dioctyl sebacate
Authors: Amri Choirul , Ganefati Sri Puji , Windarso Sardjito Eko , Suyanto Adib
Published: November 2023

This study developed an optical membrane for detecting Hg pollution in water, using polyvinyl chloride and dioctyl sebacate (PVC-DOS). The primary aim was to assess the suitability of PVC-DOS optical membranes as a screening tool for Hg in drinking water. Specific objectives included determining optimal conditions (wavelength, reaction pH, response time) for Hg determination with PVC-DOS-based optical membranes and evaluating the visual performance (absolute and difference thresholds) for detecting Hg in drinking water. Laboratory experiments involved preparing PVC-DOS-based optical membranes composed of 1,5-diphenylcarbazone, PVC, and DOS mounted on mica paper holes. Optimisation of wavelength, response time, and reaction pH was performed (each five times). Absolute and difference thresholds were established. Optimal conditions were found to be a reaction pH of 6-9, a membrane response time of 45 minutes, and a purple Hg-positive membrane (wavelength 575-580 nm). The visual optical membrane method demonstrated an absolute threshold of 0.4 μg/L and a difference threshold of 0.5 μg/L. PVC-DOS-based optical membranes can effectively screen for Hg in water. This method involves dipping an optical membrane stick and comparing the result with a color standard.
Intelligenza Artificiale e robot: siamo pronti? I° parte
Authors: Scelsi Silvia
Published: November 2023

Oggi ne sentiamo parlare ovunque, come se improvvisamente fosse diventato l’argomento di punta, con delle potenziali minacce. Una riflessione interessante parte dal fatto che diversi governi, compreso il nostro, comincino a pensare a leggi specifiche per normare il suo utilizzo.

La verità è che siamo già completamente immersi nel mondo dell’intelligenza artificiale (AI). Quante volte vi è capitato di fare un’operazione su internet e vi viene richiesto di dimostrare che non siete un robot? La realtà che ci circonda nella vita comune è intersecata in modo ineludibile e direi ineluttabile con le cosiddette “machine learning”.

Esse gestiscono i dati necessari a far funzionare i nostri trasporti in sicurezza (treni, aerei, trasporto navale), ci consentono di orientarci ovunque senza avere più la necessità di chiedere aiuto, o di avere una mappa cartacea da seguire, ci mettono in comunicazione con chiunque in tutto il globo, gestiscono le nostre transazioni economiche e ci consentono di pagare senza utilizzare le banconote fisicamente e molto altro ancora. [...]
Comparing palm oil-derived tocotrienol-rich fraction with alpha-tocopherol in changes in locomotion and histological appearance in a cuprizone-induced animal model of multiple sclerosis
Authors: Mitra Nilesh Kumar , Chan Yinghan , Chellian Jestin , Gnanou Justin Vijay
Published: November 2023

Aims: Alpha-tocopherol (AT) and tocotrienol (TT) are both naturally occurring forms of vitamin E found in palm oil. Previous studies found beneficial effects of AT in multiple sclerosis (MS) animal models. In the present study, the effects of palm oil-derived TT-rich fraction (TRF) and AT on the locomotor function, lipid peroxidation, and histological study of demyelination were compared in cuprizone (CPZ)-induced rat model of MS. Methods: Female Sprague-Dawley rats aged 8 weeks received pellets mixed with CPZ for a duration of 6 weeks, followed by 100 mg/kg AT (group AT, n = 10) daily and 60 mg/kg TRF (group TT, n = 10) daily and vehicle (group V, n = 10) through oral gavage for 2 weeks. Open field test (OFT) and beam walking test (BWT) were carried out every 10th day. The status of myelination in the corpus callosum was evaluated by Luxol fast blue (LFB) staining and immunohistochemical staining of myelin basic protein (MBP). Malondialdehyde (MDA) level was estimated using brain homogenate. Results: Compared with group V, total distance moved and movement speed increased by 42.6 and 52.9%, respectively in group TT (P < 0.05). Line crossing frequency increased by 39% (P < 0.05) and 36% (P < 0.05), respectively in groups TT and AT. Corpus callosum showed a maximum reduction of demyelinated areas and higher expression of MBP in group TT. MDA level in the cortex was significantly reduced in group AT. Conclusion: TRF improved locomotion and provided histological evidence of myelination in CPZ-withdrawn rats. AT reduced MDA levels in the cortex.
Development and Evaluation of Flavonoid-rich Plantain Flower (Musa Balbisiana Colla) Laddu: Beneficial for Women’s Health
Authors: Prakash Shanthini Priya , Kumbamoorthy Silambu Selvi
Published: November 2023

Background: Plantain flower (Musa balbisiana Colla) is a rich source of essential nutrients such as minerals, vitamins, and phytochemical compounds, including flavonoids. Research states that these nutrients of plantain flowers have many therapeutic benefits. The flavonoids known as phytoestrogens have a beneficial role against estrogen deficiency in the body and are considered good for women’s health. Though there is a surplus availability of plantain flower in India, it is not well utilized by many people, especially in South India. Aim: To develop and evaluate the flavonoid-rich plantain flower laddu. Method: The plantain flower procured from the local farm was processed and powdered. Laddu was prepared using plantain flower powder at different concentrations (10%, 20%, and 30%) and standardized by mixing it with roasted Bengal gram, sesame seeds, powdered sugar, and ghee. The sensory evaluation was done using 17 semitrained panel members on a 5-point hedonic rating scale and the accepted product was nutritionally analyzed. Results: The plantain flower laddu with a 20% variation showed better overall acceptability (21.8 + 2.79) when compared to laddu with 10% and 30% variations. There was a significant difference at a 1% level among 10%, 20%, and 30% variations. The 20% level incorporation had a high product acceptability index of 88% compared to the 10% and 30% levels. The product nutrient analysis indicated the following values per 100 gm; potassium: 1747 mg, calcium: 205 mg, magnesium: 153 mg, iron: 2.95 mg, sodium: 41.1 mg, flavonoids: 4.69 mg, total phenol content: 2.74 mg, energy: 397 kcal, protein: 10.9 gm, fat: 14.9 gm, and fiber: 8.2 gm. Conclusion: The nutritious plantain flower with surplus health benefits shall be well utilized by incorporating it in various nutritious recipe preparations like cookies, chocolates, and beverages.
A Perspective on Patient Safety Culture among Nurses in Qatar
Authors: Qoronfleh M. Walid , Essa Musthafa Mohamed , Mohammed Sawsan
Published: November 2023

Background: The vitality of developing a safety culture in healthcare settings has become increasingly important following international investigations that highlighted the failures in health care delivery. Nurses, being at the frontline of healthcare, play a vital role in promoting patient safety and maintaining safety standards by being active in reducing medical errors. Weak patient safety culture has been identified as one of the major contributing factors to adverse events. Objectives: The present case investigated the different perceptions around patient safety culture and the factors considered of utmost importance to developing and maintaining this culture among nurses residing and working in Qatar. Methods: The present study utilized the English version of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) to collect responses from nurses residing and working in Qatar to determine their perceptions of patient safety culture. A convenient sample from the conference delegates of Middle East Forum for Quality and Safety 2018 was used as participants. Participation in the self-reporting survey was completely voluntary and anonymous. Results: The highest rated culture dimensions were organizational learning, continuous improvement, and teamwork within hospital units (89% and 88% positive responses, respectively). The lowest rated dimensions were non-punitive responses to error and staffing issues (28% and 35% positive responses, respectively). Conclusions/Implications for Practice: Similar to the global trends, error reporting should be viewed as a strategy to learn from mistakes and an initial step to create patient safety culture. In Qatar, while patient safety culture is generally well executed, with overall positive responses for the different measured composites, patient safety culture is yet to be fully developed. Initiatives are needed to improve staffing, handoffs, and transitions, as well as non-punitive responses to medical errors.
Amino acid for preterm newborns
Authors: Nandhini Govindaraj , Silambu Selvi Kumbamoorthy , Sundaresan Sivapatham
Published: November 2023

The main reason for infant mortality worldwide is premature birth. In undeveloped nations, it contributes to premature births and an increase in number of infant and child mortality. The survival rates of high-risk groups have gradually increased in recent years. Preterm births are becoming more common: 11% of births globally take place before 37 weeks of pregnancy. As nutritional care advances in both wealthy and developing nations, the survival rate of preterm infants keeps rising. To promote normal growth and prevent postnatal malnutrition, which may have an impact on long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes, it is crucial to give preterm infants enough protein during the postnatal period. Given that the size, structure, connectivity, and function of the brain develop during infancy, postnatal brain maturation in preterm infants is hindered. There is inconclusive evidence that increased parenteral nutrition amino acid (AA) intake has no impact on mortality. There is limited solid proof to suggest that increasing AA use is associated with a decreased risk of postpartum growth spurts. To find out whether birth weight or gestational age affect nutritional intake of preterm newborns, more research is required. Because the choice to perform life-saving measures is frequently made after the procedure, it is crucial to understand the incidence and severity of adverse events in infants who are extremely preterm. Hence, this article discusses the use of AAs in extremely preterm infants.
Pattern of Winter Depression among Kashmiri Patients
Authors: Shah Majid Shafi , Margoob Mushtaq A. , Bhat Fazle Roub , Dar Mansoor Ahmad
Published: November 2023

Background:

Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) or SAD is a type of recurring major depression having a seasonal pattern of onset and termination of mood episodes. Even though SAD can occur during the summer season, but the winter pattern is most commonly recognized. The prevalence of SAD varies with the climate and latitude of regions. In this study, we aimed to study the clinical profile of SAD among Kashmiri patients.

Materials and Methods:

It was a cross-sectional study among fifty patients attending an outpatient clinic of a tertiary care hospital in Kashmir, North India. Patients were diagnosed with SAD as per the diagnostic and statistical manual, 5th version, and were assessed for the clinical pattern of winter depression; months of September to May.

Results:

Patients were predominantly females (72%), in the age group of 20–30 years (36%), and were married (64%). Depressive mood (96%) and anxious mood (74%) were the most common mood symptoms. Decreased energy and decreased libido were present in 82% and 70% of patients. November to late April was the period when the majority of the patients had depressive symptoms (32%). In 44% of the patients, symptoms were most severe in late February.

Conclusion:

Females predominated the study group while the commonest age group was 20–30 years. Low/anxious mood and reduction in energy were the most common features. The onset of symptoms was in the months of September-December and remission in the months of March-May.
Evaluation of Current Community Pharmacist Practice in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-sectional Study from Patients’ Perspective (PART I)
Authors: Bajuayfir Abdulmajeed , Alhazmi Mohammad , Alshareef Omar , Rawas Ahmed , Alsharif Sumayyah , Almasoudi Amal , Cheema Ejaz , Ali Majid
Published: November 2023

Objective:

This study aimed to evaluate the current practice of community pharmacists from patients’ and pharmacists’ perspectives in Saudi Arabia. This paper presents the patients’ perspective.

Methods:

A self-administered cross-sectional survey was developed to collect responses from patients in Saudi Arabia from February to April 2021. The questionnaire comprised several statements related to the best practice in community pharmacy. Patients’ responses to each statement were scored using a 5-point Likert scale. Higher scores represented the greater extent to which the pharmacists perform the best practice in a community pharmacy setting and vice versa.

Findings:

The data of 233 participants were included in the analysis. The majority of the participants were female (67%) and Saudi nationals (96%). The minimum mean score was related to the statement: pharmacist discusses with you about herbal medications or vitamin supplements. The maximum mean score was related to the statement: Pharmacist explains to you about the dose of medications and when to take them. Participants who were <20 years old had a significantly highest mean score, whereas those above 40 years old had the least mean score, P = 0.001. Participants from the Eastern region had a significantly highest mean score, compared to South region participants who had the least mean score, P = 0.009.

Conclusion:

A gap in the current practice and the best practice of community pharmacists was found. The policymakers can utilize these findings to provide targeted professional development opportunities for the practicing community pharmacists to improve the overall service and care for the patients.
Influence of Cigarette Smoking Habit on Clozapine-to-Norclozapine Ratio in Male Patients
Authors: Lozano Roberto , Bona Carina
Published: November 2023

Objective:

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of cigarette smoking habit on the clozapine (CLZ)-to-norclozapine (norCLZ) ratio in male patients.

Methods:

The sample consisted of plasma concentration of CLZ and norCLZ data set. The mean values of CLZ, norCLZ, and CLZ-to-norCLZ, between male patients who smoke versus nonsmokers were compared.

Findings:

CLZ mean plasma level of 142 ± 80 ng/ml and 305 ± 159 ng/ml, norCLZ mean plasma level of 93 ± 72 ng/ml and 234 ± 62 ng/ml, and mean CLZ-to-norCLZ plasma level ratio of 2.1 ± 1.1 and 1.5 ± 0.5, were obtained respectively for male patients who smoke and nonsmokers.

Conclusion:

This study has shown a significant decrease in CLZ and norCLZ plasma levels, and an increase in the CLZ-to-norCLZ ratio, in smokers as compared to nonsmokers, due to an increase in the clearance of CLZ and norCLZ by smoking induction of CYP 1A2 and glucuronidation by uridyl glucuronyl transferase enzymes (UGT), mainly UGT 1A4, respectively, as the most probable cause.
Tandem High-Dose Chemotherapy Increases the Risk of Secondary Malignant Neoplasm in Pediatric Solid Tumors
Authors: Lim Hana , Im Minji , Seo Eun Seop , Cho Hee Won , Ju Hee Young , Yoo Keon Hee , Cho Sung Yoon , Kim Jong-Won , Lim Do Hoon , Sung Ki Woong , Lee Ji Won
Published: November 2023

Purpose This study aimed to investigate the incidence and risk factors for secondary malignant neoplasms (SMN) in pediatric solid tumors, focusing on the effects of tandem high-dose chemotherapy (HDCT).Materials and Methods Patients (aged < 19 years) diagnosed with or treated for pediatric solid tumors between 1994 and 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. The cumulative incidence of SMN was estimated using competing risk methods by considering death as a competing risk.Results A total of 1,435 patients (413 with brain tumors and 1,022 with extracranial solid tumors) were enrolled. Seventy-one patients developed 74 SMNs, with a 10-year and 20-year cumulative incidence of 2.680±0.002% and 10.193±0.024%, respectively. The types of SMN included carcinoma in 28 (37.8%), sarcoma in 24 (32.4%), and hematologic malignancy in 15 (20.3%) cases. Osteosarcoma and thyroid carcinoma were the most frequently diagnosed tumors. Multivariate analysis showed that radiotherapy (RT) > 2, 340 cGy, and tandem HDCT were significant risk factors for SMN development. The SMN types varied according to the primary tumor type; carcinoma was the most frequent SMN in brain tumors and neuroblastoma, whereas hematologic malignancy and sarcomas developed more frequently in patients with sarcoma and retinoblastoma, respectively.Conclusion The cumulative incidence of SMN in pediatric patients with solid tumors was considerably high, especially in patients who underwent tandem HDCT or in those who received RT > 2,340 cGy. Therefore, the treatment intensity should be optimized based on individual risk assessment and the long-term follow-up of pediatric cancer survivors.
Lipschitz continuity of spectra of pseudodifferential operators in a weighted Sjöstrand class and Gabor frame bounds
Authors: Gröchenig Karlheinz , Romero José Luis , Speckbacher Michael
Published: November 2023

We study one-parameter families of pseudodifferential operators whose Weyl symbols are obtained by dilation and a smooth deformation of a symbol in a weighted Sjöstrand class. We show that their spectral edges are Lipschitz continuous functions of the dilation or deformation parameter. Suitably local estimates hold also for the edges of every spectral gap. These statements extend Bellissard's seminal results on the Lipschitz continuity of spectral edges for families of operators with periodic symbols to a large class of symbols with only mild regularity assumptions.
Birational rigidity of $G$-del Pezzo threefolds of degree $2$
Authors: Avilov Artem Alexeevich
Published: November 2023

We classify nodal rational non-$\mathbb{Q}$-factorial del Pezzo threefolds of degree $2$ which can be $G$-birationally rigid for some subgroup $G\subset\operatorname{Aut}(X)$.
Bibliography: 29 titles.
Algebra of shares, complete bipartite graphs and $\mathfrak{sl}_2$ weight system
Authors: Zinova Polina Aleksandrovna , Kazarian Maxim Eduardovich
Published: November 2023

A function of chord diagrams is called a weight system if it satisfies the so-called four-term relations. Vassiliev's theory describes finite-order knot invariants in terms of weight systems. In particular, there is a weight system corresponding to the coloured Jones polynomial. This weight system is described in terms of the Lie algebra $\mathfrak{sl}_2$. According to the Chmutov-Lando theorem, the value of this weight system depends only on the intersection graph of the chord diagram. Therefore, it is possible to discuss the values of this weight system at intersection graphs.
We obtain formulae for the generating functions of the values of the $\mathfrak{sl}_2$ weight system at complete bipartite graphs. Using these formulae we prove that Lando's conjecture about the degree of the polynomial that is the value of this weight system at the projection of a graph onto the subspace of primitive elements in the Hopf algebra of graphs is true for complete bipartite graphs and for a certain wider class of graphs.
We introduce the algebra of shares and the $\mathfrak{sl}_2$ weight system on shares. These are the main tools for our proof.
Bibliography: 14 titles.
Physicochemical Parameters and Ichthyofaunal Composition of Streams in Ikono and Ibiono Ibom Local Government Area, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Authors: Jacob U. S. , Okobochi A. C. , Jonah U. E. , Ejemole K. I. , Oji A. E. , Isangedighi I. A. , Asifia N. S. , Inyang U. A.
Published: November 2023

In this study, physicochemical parameters and ichthyofaunal composition of streams in Ikono and Ibiono Ibom Local Government Area, Akwa Ibom State were investigated for five months. The highest water temperature was recorded in January, 30.33±0.0157 °C, while the lowest was in March, 22.42±0.0700 °C, all in station 3. The highest pH was recorded in December, 7.58±0.0057, while the lowest was in February, 5.53±0.0067, all in station 3. The highest electrical conductivity was recorded in December, 271±1.0000 µS/cm, in station 2, while the lowest was recorded in March 51±0.0000 µS/cm in station 3. The highest dissolved oxygen 8.71±0.0258 mg/l, was in December, while the lowest was recorded in January 5.44±0.0059 mg/l all in station 2. The highest biochemical oxygen demand was recorded in February 5.89±0.0257 mg/l, in station 1 while the lowest was recorded in January, and 3.12±0.0000 mg/l in station 3. A total of 529 fish belonging to 10 Families and 11 species were recorded. Family Cichlidae consisting of Chromidotililapia guentheri and Coptodon zillii had the highest percentage abundance of 25%, while Family Mormyridae had the lowest percentage abundance of 2.26%. Family Claroteidae Consisting of Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus was the most abundant fish recorded in all stations. Ecological indices analysis such as Margalef’s index (d) was highest, 1.786 in station 2, while the lowest, 1.175 in station 3. Shannon-weiners index (H) was highest, 0.9020 in station 1, while the lowest, 0.8493 was in station 2. Species evenness was highest 0.4103 in station 3, while the lowest 0.3846 was in station 1. Margalef’s index and Shannon-weiners index did not show any significant difference (p>0.05) across all the stations, while equitability shows a significant difference (p<0.05) across all the stations. This study provides critical ecological baseline information on the physico-chemical parameter and ichthyofaunal composition of streams in Ikono and Ibiono Ibom and shows the impact of human activities which could threaten the sustainability of the streams and their resources.
Assessment of Nutritional Value of Selected Underutilized Green Leafy Vegetables in Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Okunlola G. O. , Olatunji O. A. , Olowolaju E. D. , Refai A. B. , Makanjuola A. O. , Adeosun I. E.
Published: November 2023

The need for underutilized leafy vegetables as food has been greatly emphasized owing to the increase in knowledge of the value of the essential nutrients they can provide. In this study, an assessment of the nutritional value of underutilized leafy vegetables collected in Southwestern Nigeria, and their content for mineral nutrients (K, Na, P, Ca, and Mg), essential vitamins (A, C, and E), and proximate composition was carried out on ten vegetables: Jatropha tanjorensis, Solanum nigrum, Talinum triangulare, Solanecio biafrae, Vernonia amygdalina, Crassocephalum crepidoides, Telfairea occidentalis, Amaranthus hydridus, Launaea taraxacifolia and Solanum macrocarpon. From this study, it was observed that the ten vegetables provide mineral concentrations exceeding 0.01%, essential vitamins exceeding 0.5%, ash exceeding 5%, moisture exceeding 5% of plant dry matter, crude fiber exceeding 10%, protein, crude fat exceeding 5%, and carbohydrate exceeding 30%. High levels of potassium, vitamin A, vitamin C, crude fat, and carbohydrates were noticed in Jatropha tanjorensis. High levels of both sodium and calcium were noticed in Solanecio biafrae. Amaranthus hydridus, Vernonia amygdalina, and Solanum nigrum were noted to be good sources of protein. The range of values of mineral nutrients, essential vitamins, proximate composition, and recommended dietary allowances of the studied leafy vegetables are very similar to those obtained in typical conventional edible leafy vegetables. The results therefore provide evidence that these underutilized leafy vegetables are well endowed with essential nutrients and could be important contributors to improving the nutritional content of humans.
Preliminary Assessment on Effects of Organic Manure on Early Growth Performance of African Mahogany (Afzelia africana Sm. ex Pers.) Seedlings in Tertiary Institutional Forestry Nursery, Makurdi, Nigeria
Authors: Usman I. A. , Uleh M. , Uke I.
Published: November 2023

Afzelia Africana (African mahogany), commonly known as African oak, is a tropical African tree. It is valued for its high-grade timber but has good potential to provide fodder for livestock and food. The objective of this work there is to conduct a preliminary assessment on the effects of organic manure on early growth performance of African mahogany (Afzelia africana Sm. ex Pers.) Seedlings in Tertiary Institutional Forestry Nursery, Makurdi, Nigeria using standard methods. Data collection on seedling height, collar diameter, number of leaves and leaf length were measured at biweekly for eleven (11) weeks. The findings showed that the growth response and production of Afzelia africana seedlings were improved by both sources of organic manure. At eleven (11) weeks following manure application, the  results showed that plants that got 6g CD were superior, with a mean height of 34.53 cm, a mean collar diameter of 4.40 mm, and a mean number of leaves of 15.73 (count). The mean leaf length (7.13m) was gained from CD (6g) and PD (9g) respectively. The results also revealed that seedlings of Afzelia africana yielded better growth at every two weeks of assessment except for collar diameter where control show a considerable result and leaf length where there was a decrease in their performance. According to the results, when compared to control and poultry droppings, cow dung at a rate of 6g recorded significantly higher growth performance. Consequently, farmers could use cow dung in their fields, which has more advantages in terms of improved growth characteristics than poultry manures and control.
Smallholder Farmers Perception and Awareness of Public Health Effects of Pesticides usage in selected Agrarian Communities, Edo Central, Edo State, Nigeria
Authors: Emeribe C. N. , Ogbomida E. T. , Akukwe T. I. , Eze E. J. , Nwobodo T. N. , Aganmwonyi I. , Akinmoladun A. , Ehigiegba T. A. , Olatunji B. O. , Ndem P. A. , Akingba O. O.
Published: November 2023

Strong evidence exists for long-term negative health outcomes from pesticide exposure including birth defects, fetal death, neurodevelopmental disorder, cancer, and neurologic illness including Parkinson's disease. This paper therefore examined the smallholder farmers' perception and awareness of public health effects of pesticide use in Edo Central, Nigeria. Data from 400 farmers were collected through questionnaires.  Results revealed that most farmers relied on fellow farmers for information on pesticides (65.3%) rather than trained extension services (7.3%). Moderate toxic pesticides (WHO Class II) were commonly used, with a few cases of highly toxic pesticides (WHO Ib). Affordability (53.3%) and efficacy (41.8%) were the main factors driving pesticide purchases. The majority of farmers (63.9%) did not read pesticide labels before use, especially those with no formal education (77.2%) or basic education (57.8%) and those with less than 5 years of experience (54.6%). Reasons for not reading labels included reliance on success stories of other farmers (30.3%) and lack of clarity on labels (23.5%). Pesticides were often stored inside homes (43.3%), and used cans were disposed of with household waste (37%). Overall, farmers demonstrated a moderate level of awareness regarding public health effects of pesticide use. The relationship between farmers’ awareness level of public health effects of pesticides use and socio-economic variables shows that level of awareness is not dependent on age (ρ>0.05, d=0.35), educational background (ρ>0.05, d=0.27) and years of farming experience (ρ>0.05, d=0.41). The study highlights the importance of training farmers on safe and proper pesticide use to reduce risks to human health.
Evaluation of Vascular Complication and Lack of Glycemic Control as Factors in the Development of Ovarian Cancer in Female Nigerian Type 2 Diabetic Population
Authors: Odewusi O. O. , Egede I. S. , Omon A. E. , Obadire S. O. , Sokunbi Z. T.
Published: November 2023

Hypertension and diabetes are important medical conditions that are responsible for a significant number of deaths globally. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the human epididymis protein-4 in patients with untreated and treated uncomplicated and complicated type 2 diabetes with hypertension at a teaching hospital in Ido-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria using blood samples and appropriate standard techniques. The results (mean ± SD) obtained showed that the glucose level (mmol/L) in untreated DM, Treated DM and Control was 9.13±1.51, 5.05±0.84 and 4.71±0.81, while HE4 (nmol/L) was 59.52±9.85, 30.49±5.12 and 24.78±4.18 respectively. Furthermore, the glucose (mmol/L) level in untreated DM/HTN subjects and treated DM/HTN subjects was 10.02±3.46 and 4.99±1.04, while HE4 (nmol/L) was 103.33±34.58 and 50.32±5.02 respectively. In conclusion, this research found that HE4 was significantly increased (p<0.05) in T2DM subjects with uncomplicated and complicated type 2 diabetes with hypertension compared to control and therefore it can be considered that ovarian cancer can be associated with type 2 diabetes and HE4 can be used as a marker of early detection in both uncomplicated and complicated type 2 diabetes.