bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
P-294 DEVELOPMENT OF AN ION MOBILITY SPECTROMETER FOR REAL-TIME MEASUREMENT OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES IN THE WORK ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Takaya Kazunari , Shibata Nobuyuki , Hagiwara Masayoshi , Takaya Mitutoshi
Published: July 2024

Introduction

For the chemical industry, regulations concerning industrial pollutant emissions are becoming stricter in many countries, and real-time monitoring of such emissions is essential. Concentrations of substances in the work environment may vary by the minute, depending on temperature, wind volume and direction, and environmental conditions at their source, with some substances having transient high concentrations under certain conditions.

Methods and results

In this study, an ion mobility spectrometer (IMS) was developed to analyze chemical substances at high concentrations. We measured concentrations of chemical substances in real-time by using the IMS in a real work environment. As sample ions are produced by corona discharge in the IMS system, quantitative analyses of chemical substances with a high proton affinity are generally not possible at high concentrations (~1000 ppm). This is because multimeric complexes are generated during the ionization process. We found that calibration curves derived from shifts in nominal arrival-time spectra of chemical substances overlapping with water clusters enable quantitative analysis at high concentrations. The conventional IMS cannot measure chemical substances in a wide range of concentrations in the work environment because the conventional IMS has a narrow quantitative concentration range (less than 2 orders).

Discussion and Conclusion

In this study, the analysis technique was improved to extend the measurable concentration range. The range of concentrations measurable by IMS was extended using the analysis technique.
O-163 THE INVESTIGATION OF THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE AND BLOOD METAL CONCENTRATIONS WITH WHOLE GENOME TYPES
Authors: YU SU HSUAN , Chuang Hung-Yi , Dai Chia-Yen , Ho Chi-Kung
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Our study set out to explore the relationship between exposure to heavy metals and the occurrence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), an area with conflicting existing research and unexplored genetic implications.

Methods and Results

Leveraging a genome-wide type association study (GWAS), we aimed to identify the associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with these conditions. Data from 444 individuals working in metal industries and 767 people from non-metal related jobs were analyzed. The data included physical parameters, biochemical data, and the plasma concentrations of six different metals. We utilized the genomic database of Taiwan Biobank to conduct GWAS, leading to the identification of three SNPs. Further analysis, involving multivariable logistic regression and interaction study, revealed a significant association of NAFLD prevalence with only two of these SNPs: rs879304, a single-nucleotide variation in the MAGI2 gene on chromosome 7, and rs80040482, a single-nucleotide variation in the SNX19 gene on chromosome 11. We also examined 25 SNPs from various genes previously linked with NAFLD progression. However, none of these showed any significant relationship with NAFLD prevalence post multivariable logistic regression and interaction analysis.

Discussion and Conclusion

Our study identified certain genotypes susceptible to NAFLD under conditions of excessive copper exposure. However, further research is needed to unravel the underlying mechanism.
O-166 THE UTILISATION OF VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION FOR OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES IN FINLAND BETWEEN 2005 AND 2020
Authors: Ojanen Ville , Koskela Kirsi , Korhonen Mikko , Reho Tiia , Sauni Riitta
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The potential inability to return to previous work due to an occupational disease (OD) necessitates the use of vocational rehabilitation (VR). Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the utilization of VR in cases of ODs in Finland, with a specific focus on the diagnoses and exposure agents involved.

Methods

Data on recognised ODs between 2005 and 2018 were collected from the Finnish Register of Occupational Diseases, and compensation data between 2005 and 2020 were obtained from the Finnish Workers’ Compensation Center and The Farmers’ Social Insurance Institution Mela.

Results

A total of 31,891 ODs were recognised in Finland during the study period of which VR was used in 1,311 cases (4.1%). The predominant diagnoses requiring VR were asthma (357 cases of VR out of 1541 asthma cases), allergic contact dermatitis (352 cases out of 2114), rhinitis (191 cases out of 854), and protein contact dermatitis or contact urticaria (107 cases out of 562). Diseases induced by flour exposure had the highest number and proportion of VR cases (262 VR cases out of a total 695). Other significant triggers for VR included animal epithelium, hair, or secretions (112 cases), wet work (74 cases), and synthetic resins and plastics (71 cases).

Discussion

Current knowledge about VR utilisation in ODs is limited both nationally and internationally. Work-related respiratory and skin sensitisation pose risks to the longevity of careers and often necessitate vocational rehabilitation.

Conclusion

It is essential to consider vocational rehabilitation in cases of occupational diseases as a preventive measure against permanent work disability.
O-173 VALIDATION OF AN OCCUPATIONAL MUSCULOSKELETAL DISEASES REFERRAL SYSTEM
Authors: Joyce Li Lok Yee , Chen Ping Hui
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Referral mechanism among clinical physicians and occupational physicians is important for diagnosis of occupational diseases(ODs). Previous study identified criteria additional to ICD codes to enhance positive predictive value by comparing demographic factors between probable cases and possible/non-related cases. We further aim to apply these predictors of work-relatedness in clinical trials to develop a validated screening tool and strengthen the referral system.

Methods

In Taiwan, Network of Occupational Diseases and Injuries Service(NODIS) is an important surveillance system of ODs. In NODIS, musculoskeletal diseases (MSDs) are the most reported cases. Among adult patients who visited OPD of Orthopedic and Rehabilitation, we screen those with diagnoses of MSD ICD codes. Selected patients are invited to OPD of Occupational Medicine, where informed consent is obtained and a physician-guided questionnaire is conducted. Patients eligible for ODs are reported in NODIS and we analyze demographic factors between probable cases and possible/non-related cases.

Results

There are 4651 confirmed cases of occupational MSDs, and 62.37% (2901/4651) cases are classified as probable cases. In binomial regression model, longer tenure, ever taking leaves due to MSDs, construction and manufacturing industries and main MSDs in OD list are all significant predictors of work-relatedness.

Discussion and Conclusion

Each MSD has its unique predictor of work-relatedness, and we identify high-risk characteristics, like age, gender, tenure, industry, sick leave status. Using each predictor’s coefficient, we generate a set of referral criteria to refer cases with odds ratio of 2 or above, which enables better referral mechanism. Through trial validation, we identify significant factors which can be incorporated in occupational MSDs screening and referral mechanism.
O-183 DIABETES AND PROFESSIONAL LIFE: SCOPING REVIEW
Authors: Arraji Maryem , Wachami Nadia Al , Iderdar Younes , Boumendil Karima , Bouchachi Fatima Zahra , Chahboune Mohamed
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Diabetes and Professional Life: Scoping Review

Introduction

Diabetes is a set of metabolic disorders affecting millions of people worldwide, many of whom aspire to be active members of society with fulfilling professional lives. In Morocco, diabetes mellitus is one of the most prevalent metabolic diseases, with a number of cases exceeding 1.4 million (International Diabetes Federation, 2013).

Methods

We conducted a search in the PubMed, Google Scholar, Elsevier, Web of Science, and Scopus databases to examine studies regarding the relationship between diabetes and professional life. This research was limited to studies published in English between 2015 and 2023. The search strategy involved using various keywords, including “diabetes mellitus,” “workplaces,” and “improvement of professional life.”

Results

The results have shown that diabetes has implications for employment in the workplace, and conversely, professional activity also has a concrete impact on diabetes. This impact includes glycemic imbalance, an increased risk of infectious complications following injuries, frequent non-compliance with antidiabetic treatment in the workplace, and a lack of dietary adherence among workers, civil servants, and administrative professionals affected in their work environment.

Discussion

Studies have confirmed that diabetes is the most common chronic disease in the workplace, significantly affecting professional life in terms of absenteeism, workplace accidents, and decreased productivity.

Conclusion

It is essential for working conditions to adapt to the evolving nature of diabetes. This underscores the importance of collaboration between occupational health physicians and treating physicians. Initiatives such as seminars aimed at educating and informing business leaders, as well as the promotion of workplace health, are crucial.
P-300 CARDIOVASCULAR-METABOLIC DISEASES AFFECTING HEARING LOSS IN WORKERS EXPOSED TO NOISE
Authors: Kim KyooSang
Published: July 2024

Introduction

We examined the association of hearing in cardio-metabolic diseases, dyslipidemia, hypertension and diabetes mellitus according to the personal and occupational characteristics of workers exposed to noise. The subjects of the study were 237,028 workers who performed 2000, 3000, and 4000 Hz airway pure tone audiometry in 2015 and who performed clinical tests to diagnose cardiovascular-metabolic diseases.

Methods and results

Cardiovascular-metabolic diseases were defined using reference values for each item, such as blood pressure (systolic/diastolic), fasting blood glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides. The airway pure tone hearing threshold of 2, 3, and 4 kHz, the average threshold of 2-3-4 kHz, and the hearing loss by the average threshold of the primary examination were distinguished. Workers with cardiovascular-metabolic disease had significantly higher average hearing and higher rates of hearing loss. Logistic regression analysis, which corrected for gender and age demographic variables and occupational variables such as workplace size, industry and type of work, and cardiovascular-metabolic disease as dependent variables, showed that the odds ratio of hypertension to hearing loss in the mid-frequency was 1.239 (95% confidence interval: 1.118-1.374), hypertension was 1.159 (1.107-1.214) and diabetes was 1.166 (1.104-1.230) for hearing loss in the high-frequency. Hearing loss measured by mean hearing was 1.178 (1.105-1.256) for hypertension and 1.181 (1.097-1.271) for diabetes.

Discussion and Conclusion

Cardiovascular-metabolic diseases in noise-exposed workers are associated with an increased risk of hearing loss and should be accompanied by bio-monitoring of cardiovascular-metabolic diseases in addition to auditory surveillance.
P-301 ACUTE AND CHRONIC STRESS: HIGHER LEVELS OF HAIR CORTISOL CONCENTRATION ARE ASSOCIATED WITH LOWER BLOOD PRESSURE REACTIVITY IN YOUNG ADULTS
Authors: Heming Meike , Angerer Peter , Apolinário-Hagen Jennifer , Liszio Stefan , Nater Urs Markus , Skoluda Nadine , Weber Jeannette
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Heightened and blunted cardiovascular reactivity to acute psychosocial stressors is suggested to increase health risks, such as cardiovascular diseases. One factor that may contribute to individual differences in stress reactivity and thus a potential development of adverse health consequences is chronic stress. Therefore, this study investigates whether chronic stress, assessed with hair cortisol concentration (HCC), is associated with acute cardiovascular reactivity in young adults.

Methods

Hair samples of two-centimeter length were collected to determine HCC from medical students in Germany (July 2020 - July 2021). The study participants took part in a virtual-reality Trier Social Stress Test and their cardiovascular reactivity was assessed by systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate variability (HRV). Cross-level interactions in piecewise linear growth analyses (n=54) were used to investigate whether three HCC categories (<25th; 25th-75th; >75th percentile) were associated with cardiovascular reactivity.

Results

Higher HCC had a significant interaction with systolic and diastolic blood pressure reactivity, indicating that higher levels of HCC were associated with lower blood pressure reactivity compared to intermediate levels of HCC. There were no significant interactions found for HCC and HRV reactivity.

Discussion

The study showed, that higher levels of chronic stress (i.e. HCC) may contribute to a blunted blood pressure reactivity. Being exposed to higher levels of chronic stress may result in physiological adaptation to novel stressors or may show inadequate blood pressure responses to acute stress.

Conclusion

This study adds more evidence to the research on potential factors that may contribute to individual differences in cardiovascular stress reactivity in young adults.
P-304 OCCUPATIONAL CARCINOGENS AND MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS OF THE NASAL CAVITY AND NASOPHARYNX
Authors: Fedina Irina , Serebryakov Pavel , Pankova Vera , Bomshteyn Natalya , Uchurov Alexander , Rakhimzyanov Alfrit , Panova Irina , Khakhileva Oxana , Bulgakova Mariya , Bolshakov Alexander , Fayzova Yuliya
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The share contribution of occupational carcinogenic factors in the development of malignant neoplasms is quite significant. The highest risk of deaths was determined for occupational cancer of the nasal cavity, nasopharynx (30-46%) and mesothelioma (90%). In this connection, occupational carcinogens have been identified, which, according to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), are the cause of cancer of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx.

Methods and Results

According to the List of classifications by cancer sites with sufficient or limited evidence in humans, IARC Monographs Volumes 1-134 (2023), such factors of the working environment as formaldehyde and wood dust are proven for the development of malignant neoplasms of the nasopharynx. For malignant neoplasms of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, strong acid vapors, leather dust, nickel compounds, radium-226 and radium-228 isotopes and their decay products, wood dust are proven carcinogens. Professional carcinogens with limited evidence according to IARC data for this localization may be chromium (VI) compounds, formaldehyde, substances used in carpentry and carpentry, in the manufacture of textiles.

Discussion and Conclusion

The great contribution of professional carcinogens to the development of malignant neoplasms of the nasopharynx and nasal cavity requires the use of personal respiratory protective equipment of workers, the mandatory participation of an otorhinolaryngologist during medical examinations for timely diagnosis, as well as careful collection of professional anamnesis in patients for further examination of the connection of the disease with the profession.
P-309 NON-PHARMACOLOGICAL INTERVENTIONS FOR WORK PARTICIPATION IN PEOPLE WITH MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
Authors: Saddal Shalina , Van der Hiele Karin , Machado Alejandra , De Perez Blanca Dios , Friberg Emily , Nair Roshan Das , Benedict Ralph , Radford Kathryn , Daams Joost , Hulst Hanneke , De Groot Vincent , Schaafsma Frederieke
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Up to 70% of people with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) become unemployed within ten years after diagnosis. The effectiveness of vocational rehabilitation for people with MS is limited and few new trials have been published in the past decade. Studies examining the effectiveness of interventions to tackle MS-related problems are increasingly including work outcomes. We aim to review the effectiveness of these interventions on work participation in MS.

Methods

We will search Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychINFO, OTseeker and Web of Science. Additionally, we will hand-search unpublished trials and relevant unindexed journals. We will include randomized controlled trials and before-after studies comparing the effects of non-pharmacological interventions, specifically vocational, psychological and exercise interventions, on work participation with alternative interventions or care as usual in people with MS. Risk of bias will be assessed using the RoB2 Excel tool. Finally, we will pool data from studies we judge to be clinically homogeneous using RevMan Web. If more than one study provide usable data in any single comparison, we will perform meta-analysis.

Results

This title has been accepted by Cochrane and we are currently in the process of finalizing our protocol for publication. The review will be conducted and written in the second half of 2023 and will be published in the first half of 2024. The results will be presented at ICOH 2024.

Discussion and Conclusion

This review aims to determine whether non-pharmacological interventions offered to people with MS are more effective in changing work outcomes compared to alternative interventions or care as usual.
P-313 PROFESSIONAL OUTCOMES OF PATIENTS WITH MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS
Authors: Bechrifa Emna , Khouja Nihel , Baraketi Emna , Koubaa Asma , Fatma Naourez Ben , Belkahla Amira , Ismail Saloua , Hsinet Jihen , Benzarti Aida
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) have a significant impact on the occupational medical fitness of workers and therefore impose substantial economic burdens.

Objective

To assess the impact of occupational MSDs on socio-professional outcomes of patients.

Methods

This retrospective descriptive study included patients with Occupational MSDs. Data collection was based on the records of patients who consulted the occupational medicine department from 2014 to 2022 and were supplemented by a telephone survey.

Results

Fifty-nine patients were women (93%) with an average age of 45.4±8years. They were primarily involved in machine stitching (30.5%) and machine operators and assembly (13.6%). The most affected sectors were textile (47.5%), electronics (20.4%), and automotive (13.6%) industries. After an average of 15.66 years of exposure, they developed MSDs affecting their shoulders (44.1%), elbows (20.3%), and hands and wrists (64.4%). These MSDs resulted in absenteeism (66.1%), with an average of 72.7days. They justified workstation arrangement (71.2%), medical redeployment (18.6%) or disability (8.5%). Work fitness decisions were met in 66.1% of the cases, while 22% stated otherwise. The clinical course was marked by partial (38.6%) or total (12.3%) improvement and persistence of symptoms in 12.3% of the cases. Recognition of reported MSDs was achieved in 62.7% of cases. The average time between the declaration and recognition was 21.96 months. Additionally, 52.5% received compensation, with an average of 18.6 months between recognition and compensation.

Discussion

Our study focuses on the significant impact of MSDs on fitness and the workplace economy.

Conclusion

Targeted interventions and simplified recognition procedures must be implemented to support affected workers.
P-331 ISSUES AND RECOMMENDATIONS REGARDING RECOGNITION OF OCCUPATIONAL PATHOLOGIES
Authors: Sellami Imen , Feki Afef , Kotti Nada , Meska Ahmed , Daoud Hanen , Haddar Aicha , Hajjaji Mounira , Masmoudi Mohamed Larbi , Hammami Kaouthar Jmal
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Numerous pathologies linked to occupational activities go unreported under the category of occupational diseases. This study aims to examine the challenges associated with reporting occupational diseases and assess the perspectives on compensation system.

Methods

A national cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire. The questionnaire focused on the physicians’ approaches when faced with suspected occupational diseases, their opinions on the tables of occupational diseases, and their suggestions for improvements.

Results

Out of 221 participants, 60.18% were employed in hospitals. Occupational health physicians constituted 27.14% of the participants. The average professional experience was 12.15 ± 9.16 years. Occupational diseases held significant importance for only 13.6% of the surveyed physicians. Occupational health physicians demonstrated better practices in conducting occupational health assessments. The participants reported deficiencies in reporting occupational diseases. Lack of familiarity with regulatory provisions was also observed. More than half of the users of the tables of occupational diseases expressed dissatisfaction with their current presentation and participants found it challenging to locate relevant information within them. The electronic format appeared to be a potential solution to enhance adherence to the reporting procedure.

Discussion

Healthcare practitioners primarily focus on establishing a positive diagnosis and prescribing therapies. Etiological research often takes a back seat, failing to adequately consider potential occupational origins.

Conclusion

Undoubtedly, the reporting procedure faces several shortcomings in Tunisia, with physician responsibility being evident. Addressing these issues through targeted training in occupational pathologies and revising existing regulations could help mitigate the observed deficiencies.
P-332 EXAMINING BURNOUT AMONG MEDICAL RESIDENTS IN MAURITANIA
Authors: Meska Ahmed Ahmed , Sellami Imen , Tah Mariem , Masmoudi Mohamed Larbi , Hammami Kaouthar Jmal , Hajjaji Mounira , Eby El Hije , Ahmed Nourdine Cheikh Mohamed
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Medical residents (MR) in Mauritania face significant challenges during their training, which can adversely affect their mental health. This study aims to assess the prevalence of burnout among Mauritanian residents and identify its associated risk factors.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted among MR in Mauritania from July to August 2023. Sociodemographic and professional information were collected, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory was used to evaluate burnout levels.

Results

A total of 100 residents participated in the study, with an average age of 30.89 years, and 74% of them were male. The majority worked in Mauritania (53%) and Tunisia (30%). Concerning burnout, 35% of participants reported high levels of emotional exhaustion (EE), 36% experienced depersonalization (DP), and a significant 73% had low personal accomplishment (PA). Notably, residents working in Mauritania exhibited higher burnout scores, and these scores were positively correlated with perceived workload. Engaging in sports and leisure activities appeared to have a protective effect against burnout, positively influencing EE, DP, and PA. Difficulties in integration and maintaining a work-life balance were associated with higher levels of EE and DP. Job satisfaction was inversely linked to EE and DP, while workplace violence, lack of communication with colleagues and administration, and ill-defined tasks contributed to higher EE and DP. Discussion Burnout among MR in Mauritania is a critical issue. Workload management, support systems, promoting work-life balance, and encouraging leisure activities have the potential to mitigate burnout.

Discussion and Conclusion

Recognizing these factors can guide healthcare institutions in enhancing residents’ mental well-being.
P-340 FIGHTING WORKPLACE VIOLENCE AGAINST HEALTHCARE WORKERS IN A TOTAL WORKER HEALTH® APPROACH: EVIDENCE FROM ITALY
Authors: Vinci Maria Rosaria , Prinzio Reparata Rosa Di , Camisa Vincenzo , Santoro Annapaola , Dalmasso Guendalina , Dosi Alessia , Ceresi Bianca , Raponi Massimiliano , Atti Marta Luisa Ciofi degli , De Santis Marcello , Zaffina Salvatore
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Healthcare workers are one of the most exposed professionals to violence at work (VaW).

Methods

According to a specific protocol implemented in the pediatric hospital, each aggressive act is examined by a multidisciplinary team using the “Modified Overt Aggression Scale” (MOAS), the “General Health Questionnaire-12”, and the “Short Form-36 Health Survey”. The study aims at identifying the underlying factors to overt aggressions to propose improvement measures.

Results

82 aggressions have been registered in a 34-month period (2019-2021). MOAS scores registered a mean value of 3.71 (SD: 4.09). Verbal abuse was the most common form of VaW. A three-domain model was developed considering three aspects: assaulted healthcare workers, attacker-related issues and environmental context. Professional category, minor psychiatric disorder, emotional role limitation, type of containment used, and emotion intensity were significantly associated with overt aggression (p<0.05) as well as the attacker’s role in the hospital (p<0.05).

Discussion

The impact of the emotional role in health professional categories can generate symptoms of exhaustion. The relationship between the patient’s family and healthcare workers may have a significant impact on VaW, related to the wear and tear of the caregiver. Risk factors of aggression were mainly caused by miscommunication, poor environmental design, and night shift.

Conclusion

A growing interest in preventing VaW includes the development of protective measures (e.g., mutual social support networks, improving coping skills). The protocol is an important tool able to tackle VaW in healthcare settings with the aim of improving the quality and safety of care as well as clinical risk management.
O-188 BIOMONITORING OF OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE TO FIRE COMBUSTION FUME IN FIREFIGHTERS AND RELATED CANCER RISK ESTIMATION
Authors: Persoons Renaud , Zang Pauline , Bonneterre Vincent
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Occupational as a firefighter was recently classified as carcinogenic to humans by IARC, based on sufficient evidence for mesothelioma and bladder cancer. There are several studies on occupational exposures of firefighters to PAHs, but only a few assessed the relative contribution of skin and respiratory routes in the overall exposures, and determined the factors driving exposures.

Methods

An air/biomonitoring study was conducted in firefighters performing simulated firefighting trainings in enclosed environments (sea containers). Air samples, urine samples and skin patch testings were performed on 20 firefighters. In addition, video recording of work practices (unwearing of self-contained breathing apparatus, face and devices cleaning) was performed in order to correlate practices with exposures. PAHs were measured in ambient air as well as their urinary metabolites.

Results

Moderate to high occupational exposures were measured, with Pyrene and BaP urinary metabolite concentrations exceeding maximum recommended values in occupational settings (up to 2.8 µmol/mol creatinine for 1-OHP and 1 nmol/mol creatinine for 3-OHBaP). Air concentrations were consistent, reaching up to 66 µg/m3 for total PAH concentrations. Patch tests revealed high concentrations on firefighter neck, face and hands. Video records showed the influence of cleaning practices on exposures.

Discussion

The exposures were found to derive both from dermal absorption (during firefighting) and inhalation (when removing PPE and hyperventilating in the vicinity of containers). Individual practices and poor hygiene protocols explained the high exposures.

Conclusion

This study confirmed the regular exposures of firefighters, the need for better hygiene protocols, and questioned the relevance of fighting suit for preventing ultrafine particles absorption.
P-357 THE USE OF DRIED BLOOD SPOTS IN BIOMONITORING FOR LEAD AND CADMIUM
Authors: Mason Howard , Jones Kate , Morton Jackie
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Workplace exposure to lead and cadmium requires the collection of blood samples. This invasive sampling needs a phlebotomist and can cause discomfort and stress for the worker. The work described here investigates the use of quantitative dried blood spots to help simplify blood sample collection, making it more accessible and less of a burden for workers and companies.

Methods

Following evaluation of several blood spot devices, the Captainer B (CAPITAINER AB, Solna, Sweden) was chosen and is now being used in a pilot study to evaluate its utility in occupational biomonitoring. The sampling device collects two very small spots of blood (10 µL) on a card; the spots then each deposit on a small filter. The dried blood on the filters are then digested using the Multiwave 7000 microwave system (Anton Paar, St. Albans, UK) in low volumes of acid, and analysed by ICPMS (Thermo ICPMS RQ, Hemel Hempsted, UK). Stability studies of spiked blood spots have shown that both lead and cadmium have good recoveries after 16 weeks. The pilot study being undertaken is requesting venous blood, dried spot blood and urine samples from lead and cadmium workers undergoing routine biological monitoring.

Results and Conclusions

The data will be presented at the conference. Dried blood spots show potential for more practical blood sampling in occupational settings.
P-359 EVALUATION OF EXPOSURE TO LOW DOSES OF LEAD IN THE CIRCUIT BOARD MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY
Authors: Bechrifa Emna , Khouja Nihel , Baraketi Emna , Koubaa Asma , Fatma Naourez Ben , Belkahla Amira , Ismail Saloua , Hsinet Jihen , Benzarti Aida , Slama Wafa , Merghni Syrine , Meskini Cheima , Khaireddine Donia
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The toxicity of lead has been known since antiquity, and it has become clear that low levels of lead are likely to cause problems that are certainly less important but worrying. Objectives: To assess occupational exposure to lead in the electronic circuit board industry and describe the occupational and clinical characteristics of workers exposed to low doses of lead.

Methods

A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among workers of two electronic card manufacturing companies in Tunisia using a questionnaire.

Results

Fifty-two workers were exposed to lead. The mean age was 39.12 ± 8.7 years. Women account for 67% of the workforce. They were general workers in 90% of cases. Lead in air for company 1 ranged from non-detectable to 0.069 mg/m₃ and for company 2 the value was less than 0.01 mg/m₃. The blood lead levels of our employees varied between 10 and 75µg/l with a median of 16µg/l. At the digestive level, they reported anorexia (27%), weight loss (17%), abdominal colic (25%), and constipation (17%). Sleep disorders were found, such as frequent nocturnal awakenings (31%), insomnia upon awakening (25%), and insomnia upon falling asleep (23%). Employees had memory problems such as impaired ability to memorize a new fact (27%) and impaired ability to retrieve a memory (12%), mood disorders such as sadness (19%) and anxiety (25%) and behavioral disorders manifested by irritability (39%) and aggressiveness (19%).

Discussion

We highlighted exposure to low doses of lead in the electronic card sector.

Conclusion

Various symptoms were reported, highlighting the importance of strengthening preventive strategies.
P-366 OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE TO ANTINEOPLASTIC DRUGS: AN ITALIAN NETWORK OF ONCOLOGICAL HOSPITALS FOR THE BIOMONITORING OF WORKERS BY BUCCAL MICRONUCLEUS CYTOME ASSAY AND THE DETECTION OF WORKPLACE CONTAMINATION
Authors: Ursini Cinzia Lucia , Omodeo-Salè Emanuela , Jemos Costantino , Buresti Giuliana , Fresegna Anna Maria , Ciervo Aureliano , Maiello Raffaele , Gennaro Giorgia Di , Gentile Marco , Camera Cristina , Beltramini Sabrina , Gaggero Daniela , Rigamonti Nicoletta , Maccari Erica , Maiolino Piera , Bilancio Maria Concetta , Baldo Paolo , Martinello Valeria , Mattia Andrea Di , Esposito Chiara , Nardulli Patrizia , Laforgia Mariarita , Sottani Cristina , Grignani Elena , Cavallo Delia
Published: July 2024

Introduction

An Italian Network of 7 Oncological Hospitals has been established to evaluate cyto-genotoxic effects on workers handling Antineoplastic Drugs (AD) by Buccal Micronucleus Cytome assay as biomarker of early effect and to monitor workplace contamination using the same procedures and method of analysis.

Methods

We enrolled 169 workers handling mixtures of AD (mean age 42±11) and 126 controls (mean age 43±10) to evaluate DNA damage (detecting cells with MN and nuclear buds), cytokinesis defect/arrest (by binucleated cells), advanced stage of necrosis and apoptosis (by karyolytic cells) and early apoptosis (by condensed chromatin). Subjects with micronucleated cells frequency exceeding a fixed cut-off value (1.5‰) were considered positive to MN assay. We detected AD contamination performing workplace and personal monitoring of four drugs (Gemcitabine, Ifosfamide, Cyclofosfamide and 5-Fluorouracil) analysed by high-performance liquid chromatographic method coupled with a tandem mass spectrometer (UHPLC MS/MS).

Results

We found differences in the mean values of the BMCyt parameters between exposed and controls particularly for the positivity to MN with a higher percentage found among the administrators vs the preparators. We found low levels, but still detectable, of contamination in all the monitored workplaces with higher concentrations in the workplaces of administration.

Discussion

The biomonitoring and workplace monitoring results have demonstrated to be correlated since preparators showed lower cyto-genotoxic damage, in agreement with the lower levels of AD contamination found where the preparation had occurred

Conclusions

The BMCyt assay was confirmed to be a suitable biomarker for biomonitoring of workers handling AD due to its sensitivity and non-invasiveness.
P-368 PCB, LEAD AND TOLUENE – WHICH CONCENTRATION PROTECTS AGAINST PRENATAL TOXICITY? PERMANENT SENATE COMMISSION FOR THE INVESTIGATION OF HEALTH HAZARDS OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS IN THE WORK AREA – WORKING GROUP “ASSESSMENT VALUES IN BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL”
Authors: Drexler Hans , Weistenhöfer Wobbeke , Schriever-Schwemmer Gerlinde , Michaelsen Sandra , Brinkmann Britta , Bartsch Rüdiger , Hartwig Andrea
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area derived health-based BAT values for PCB, lead and toluene, not all of which adequately protect the unborn children of pregnant employees.

Methods

Data from animal experiments and epidemiological studies on developmental toxicity (and neurotoxicity) were used to assess the prenatal toxic effect of the substances and to establish a concentration at which damage to the embryo or foetus is unlikely.

Results

For PCBs, prenatal toxic effects cannot be ruled out at the BAT value of 15 μg/l plasma (Group B) but a concentration of 3.5 µg/l (NOAEL for developmental neurotoxicity) was derived at which a risk to the unborn child would be unlikely (“prerequisite for Group C”). Even if the BAT value of 150 μg/l blood value is adhered to, prenatal toxic effects have been reliably proven for lead (Group A). For toluene, the NOAECs in animal studies for developmental toxicity or developmental neurotoxicity are 600 and 1200 ppm, respectively. Thus, prenatal toxic effects are unlikely at the BAT value of 600 μg toluene/l blood (Group C).

Discussion

Hitherto, lead is the only substance in Group A. No NOAEC for the critical effect of developmental neurotoxicity can be derived for lead.

Conclusion

The assignment of substances to pregnancy risk groups enables pregnant women to work without risk to their unborn children if the substance is classified in Group C or when a concentration is derived at which damage to the embryo or foetus is unlikely.
P-369 PREGNANCY RISK GROUPS IN THE EVALUATION OF HEALTH-BASED OCCUPATIONAL LIMIT VALUES: SAFETY AND PROTECTION FOR UNBORN LIFE PERMANENT SENATE COMMISSION FOR THE INVESTIGATION OF HEALTH HAZARDS OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS IN THE WORK AREA
Authors: Weistenhöfer Wobbeke , Drexler Hans , Schriever-Schwemmer Gerlinde , Michaelsen Sandra , Brinkmann Britta , Bartsch Rüdiger , Hartwig Andrea
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Observance of the health-based MAK values and BAT values set by the German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area does not guarantee, in every case, that the unborn child is reliably protected because numerous substances have not yet been investigated or have been only partially tested for prenatal toxicity.

Methods

Epidemiological studies on prenatal toxic effects of substances, but predominantly data from animal studies are considered in the evaluation of the developmental toxicity and if necessary developmental neurotoxicity. No-effect levels for developmental toxicity are compared to MAK and BAT values.

Results

The Commission has established pregnancy risk groups to describe the risk of prenatal toxicity when the MAK or BAT value is observed: prenatal toxic effects are (i) unlikely (Group C), (ii) cannot be excluded (Group B) or (iii) have been unequivocally demonstrated (Group A). For substances assigned to Pregnancy Risk Group B, the Commission additionally examines which work place concentration of the substance would correspond to assignment to Pregnancy Risk Group C (“prerequisite for Group C”).

Discussion

A number of substances, however, cannot yet be assigned to one of the above groups due to missing or insufficient data on prenatal toxicity or, in case of neurotoxic substances, on developmental neurotoxicity (Group D).

Conclusions

The establishment of pregnancy risk groups allows to decide whether pregnant women can work without risk to their unborn child.
O-210 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPLEMENTATION IN A SMALL PUBLIC TRANSPORT COMPANY IN PIURA, PERU
Authors: Mera Chu Norvil Antonio
Published: July 2024

Introduction and Objectives

Describing the implementation of the Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) based in a methodology including 4 phases and a participatory approach in a small public transport company in Peru and its progressive improvement during 3 years.

Material & Methods

This research was a case report study. The unit of study was the indicators of OHS statistics and results from each of the 4 phases of the implementation (design, execution, internal checking and continous improving) at a small company of public transport. The indicators analysed included those from teaching interventions, risk assessment, safety inspections, investigations of workplace accidents, improving personal protection equipment (PEE), medical examinations for workers, monitoring of occupational risk factors, internal audits, among others. It was also analyzed the impact of the OHS on the frequency of accidents and illnesses in workers and on absenteeism.

Results

By the end of the third year, the frequency of accidents was reduced in 33%, the frequency of diseases and comorbilities was reduced in 12% and absenteeism was reduced in 36%. The small company OHS system was audited by the government inspection unit and obtained no violations related to OHS legislation.

Discussion

The methodology based in 4 phases with participatory approach allowed to adapt programs to the company reality and considered main barriers that other researchers found significant as government demands, weak commitment from employers and workers, and inadequate enterprise management.

Conclusion

The implementation of OHS in 4 phases with participatory approach in the small public transport company obtained a lower frequency of accidents and absenteeism.
O-212 AN INTERVENTION TO IMPROVE HEALTH AMONG SMALL-SCALE GOLD MINERS IN NICARAGUA BY ELIMINATING THE USE OF MERCURY
Authors: Smidth Margrethe , Blandon Pedro Byron , Kuylenstierna Chris
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Small-scale gold mining is a big mercury polluter worldwide and not just locally among the miners and their community. Although most countries find it difficult to follow the intentions of the Minamata Convention there seem to be more activities to effectuate the ban among the 123 signatories. Law enforcement, support of new technologies, community awareness and focus on health and environment are pivotal in the National Plan model suggested by United Nations Environmental Programme, UNEP. Diálogos has for many years worked all over the World with different models to implement the Benquet mercury-free method. In the mining community La Libertad in Nicaragua focus is on four cooperatives and educating and supporting the interested miners in teaching their peers.

Materials and Methods

Interviews, questionnaires and focus group are used during an eight months data collection among miners and their families. Data are analysed and presented using sound statistical and analytical methods.

Results

The results from the one-year intervention in La Libertad in Nicaragua are presented with a focus on the female miners. The result of this intervention and its effect on health will be compared with other interventions in other parts of the world.

Discussion- Conclusion

The preliminary results show huge interest and ability to change technology among the miners. The stronger the cooperative and the responsibility towards each other in the community, the better the outcome in form of better sustainability and ability to teach other miners the mercury-free method. Hereby gaining a better health outcome for both miners and their families.
O-213 WORK-RELATED PROBLEMS IN MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS A CASE REPORT
Authors: Darid Fadwa , Wifaq Kamal , Tahri Loubna , Jbara Meriem , Norredine Doha , El Kholti Abdeljalil
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Multiple sclerosis (MS) has an overall disease prevalence of 35.9 per 100,000, with an average age at diagnosis of 32 years. MS can have a notable impact on work ability, hence the interest of this study carried out on a mental health nurse at CHU Ibn Rochd, diagnosed with MS four years ago.

Materials and Methods

We sought specialist assessment from a neurologist at the CHUIR. A workstation examination was carried out and analysis of Functional Systems Scores (FSS), Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire: General Health V2.0 (WPAI:GH) were established.

Results

The nurse is 30 y.o, diagnosed since 2019 with multiple sclerosis. At present, her symptoms are stationary. Work schedule consists of six hours a day, from 8am to 2pm including various following tasks. Calculation of FSS revealed marked paraparesis, moderate sensitivity impairment and mild balance disorder. EDSS scale reported a score of 4. WPAI:GH calculation resulted in a score of 7.

Discussion

MS can widely affect patients’ quality of life, particularly at work. Correlations between WPAI: GH scores and clinical signs were assessed and approved using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and correlations between WPAI: GH scores and EDSS were affirmed using Spearman’s coefficient. We recommended that the employee’s workstation be adapted with regular breaks and avoidance of tasks requiring complex movements and long walking distances.

Conclusion

Multiple sclerosis mainly affects a professionally active age group. Hence the need for a multidisciplinary approach aiming reintegrating MS patients into workplace and ensure their well-being.
O-231 KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND PRACTICES OF PUBLIC SECTOR HEALTH PERSONNEL IN RABAT TOWARDS TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: Lotfi Mohamed , Manar Nadia , Deschamps Frédéric , Laraqui Hossini Chakib El Houssine
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The objective was to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and practices of health professionals in the public sector regarding tuberculosis and the application of the recommendations of the national tuberculosis control program.

Methods and Results

This cross-sectional study was carried out during the first half of 2023 among public sector doctors in the city of Rabat. It involved 165 practitioners (31% of general practitioners, 65.5% of specialists and 3.5% of dentists), excluding pulmonologists. The self-questionnaire included knowledge about pulmonary tuberculosis, the national tuberculosis control program, screening and diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. The female gender represented 64.8%. The National Tuberculosis Control Guide did not contribute to strengthening knowledge about tuberculosis for 7.8% of the sample. 20.6% of professionals declared that they were aware of the missions of the Center for the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory diseases and 35.2% were completely unaware. 26% of participants were completely unaware of the structures involved in the national tuberculosis control program. Almost all those interviewed considered that tuberculosis is a public health problem and affirmed that there is a national program to combat tuberculosis in Morocco. Almost all doctors (99% (n=164)) answered that Mycobacterium tuberculosis hominis (BK) is the causative agent of tuberculosis. The elements least cited by health professionals to confirm the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis are clinical symptoms (34%) and quantiferon (17.7%).

Discussion and Conclusion

To avoid negative attitudes, interventions are needed to ensure good knowledge of tuberculosis.
O-237 EVALUATING WORK ABILITY IN A DENTAL SURGERY RESIDENT DIAGNOSED WITH IDIOPATHIC SCOLIOSIS: A REPORTED CASE
Authors: Darid Fadwa , Wifaq Kamal , Tahri Loubna , Jbara Meriem , El Kholti Abdeljalil
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Scoliosis is a deformity of the spinal column. Predominantly idiopathic (80%), scoliosis has a significant impact on professional life, hence the interest of our study to assess scoliosis functional impact and determine work ability in a dental surgery resident at the IBN ROCHD University Hospital (CHUIR).

Methods

A medical examination was carried out in the Occupational Health Department at the CHUIR. An evaluation was established by a physical medicine and rehabilitation specialist where X-rays of the spine were taken. Scoliosis Research Society (SRS-22r) questionnaire was used. It measures quality of life across 5 domains – Function, Pain, Self-Image, Mental Health (5 questions each), Satisfaction/Dissatisfaction (2 questions). The higher scores representing greater patient quality of life.

Results

The resident is 25 years old, diagnosed with idiopathic scoliosis (IS). Cobb angle was 29,6°, Muscular testing in upper and lower limb was normal SRS-22r questionnaire revealed: Function:4.8/5; Pain: 4.2/5; Self-image: 4.8/5; Mental health: 4.8/5; Satisfaction/dissatisfaction with management: 2.5/5. The resident’s fitness for the workstation has been confirmed. We recommended nonetheless appropriate care and supervision of his health status.

Discussion

Prevalence of idiopathic scoliosis (IS) varies from 0.93 to 12% worldwide in 2016. Factors like deformity and physical discomfort can affect the IS patients’ quality of life. Sources affirm that no profession is forbidden, but hard manual jobs are not recommended.

Conclusion

Scoliosis can significantly affect quality of life, hence specialized care and appropriate adaptation of the workstation are essential.