bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN TES HIGHER ORDER THIKING SKILLS (HOTS) PADA MATERI LARUTAN ELEKTROLIT DAN NON ELEKTROLIT UNTUK SISWA SMA/MA.
Authors: Khaira Maynitul , Andromeda Andromeda
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan instrument tes higher order thinking skill (HOTS) pada materi larutan elektrolit dan non elektrolit. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah Research And Development (R&D) dengan menggunakan model plomb yang terdiri dari tiga (3) tahap adalah Preliminary Research, Prototyping Stage dan Assasment phase. Instrumen tes HOTS divalidasi oleh 5 orang dosen kimia FMIPA UNP dengan menggunakan angket validasi konten dan kontruk. Teknik analisis data konten dengan menggunakan lawshe’s CVR mendapatkan hasil 1.00 yang menandakan hasil konten diterima/ valid dengan kategori sangat tinggi dan menghasilkan validitas konten pada CVI sebesar 1.00, sedangkan validasi konstruk mengunakan formula kappa cohen. validasi konstrak sebesar 0.83. koefisian reliabilitas sebesar 0,85 dengan kategori snagat tinggi. Analisis daya pembeda menujukukan 6 memiliki kualitas daya pembeda sangat baik,  3 soal memiliki daya pembeda baik dan 17 butir soal dengan daya pembeda sedang dan 2  soal memiliki daya pembeda jelek.  koefisien korelasi skor total adalah 0.74 dengan kategori signifikan. Hasil analisis indeks kesukaran terdapat 18 butir soal memiliki indeks kesukaran sedang, memiliki indeks kesukaran mudah adalah 12 butir soal. Soal dengan indeks kesukaran sukar.fungsi distraktor pada seluruh soal kurang efektif.
A retroviral survey of endangered Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) from Croatia
Authors:   Department of Veterinary Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia, Gomerčić Tomislav , Perharić Matko , Kusak Josip , Slijepčević Vedran , Starešina Vilim , Stevanović Vladimir , Mojčec Perko Vesna , Topličanec Ira , Sindičić Magda
Published: March 2021

The feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV) may cause persistent, lifelong and lethal infections in domestic and wild felids worldwide. FIV has been confirmed in most Felidae species, while FeLV infection is rare among non-domestic cats. The view that retroviruses are pathogenic in domestic cats but not in other free-ranging felid species was disproved by recent findings of retroviral pathology in several wild felids. The epidemiology of retroviral infections in felids in Croatia was only investigated in urban domestic cats, while there are no data for wild cat species. As the reintroduced Dinaric lynx (Lynx lynx) population suffers from low genetic diversity, which reduces their ability to adapt to new viral outbreaks, the health status of this lynx population is of particular concern. Two different commercial immunochromatographic assays were used for qualitative detection of FIV antibodies and FeLV antigens, while PCR was used for amplification of proviral gag and env genes in Eurasian lynx blood samples. All the 17 Eurasian lynx samples collected between 2001 and 2019 tested negative in both immunochromatographic and molecular tests. Even though our sample size was rather small, considering the fact that the population size of lynx in Croatia is estimated at 40 - 60 animals, our results can be considered representative for the population’s health status. Also, data about retroviral prevalence in Eurasian lynxes are scarce, so any new findings are very valuable.
The effects of different plant extracts on bile salt hydrolase activity of Lactobacillus strains isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of poultry
Authors:   Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran, Dibamehr Amin , Daneshyar Mohsen , Tukmechi Amir , Abtahi Froushani Seyyed Meysam
Published: March 2021

The bile salt hydrolysis (BSH) enzyme weakens fat metabolism through bile salt deconjugation and reduces poultry performance, in order to cope with the antibacterial properties of the bile. Therefore, reducing the activity of this enzyme through the use of feed additives is probably a promising alternative to antibiotics for improving poultry performance. Plant extracts have long been used as feed additives for promoting poultry growth. In the current experiment, five Lactobacillus strains including Lactobacillus animalis, Lactobacillus acidophillus, Lactobacillus gallinarum, Lactobacillus lactis, and Lactobacillus returi were obtained from the poultry hindgut and were used as the probiotic application. A plate test and two-step enzymatic reaction method were used for deconjugation activity determination of the Lactobacillus strains. Further, four plant extracts (i.e., the aerial parts of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), Roselle calyx (Hibiscus sabdariffa), Berberis vulgaris root, and Green tea) were examined in terms of BSH enzyme inhibitors using the cell-free extracts as the potential antibiotic alternative. Furthermore, the gallbladders of the broilers were freshly collected from the poultry slaughterhouses, and their contents were extracted. The results showed that all Lactobacillus strains could hydrolyze the taurocholate acid (TCA) and chicken bile salt mixture (CBSM) to unconjugated bile acid. Moreover, ethanolic extracts of B. vulgaris root and Green tea relatively reduced the activity of the BSH enzyme that could potentially be investigated as an appropriate alternative in poultry feed in vivo. In conclusion, all five Lactobacillus strains were resistant to bile salts (i.e. TCA and CBSM) by BSH activity, and the addition of Green tea and B. vulgaris root extracts to the bacterial medium demonstrated inhibitory effects against the BSH enzyme.
Provocative Tests for Myocardial Ischemia in Patients with Implantable Electronic Cardiac Devices
Authors: Cabral Gustavo Chiari , Pinto Gabrielle Lima , Ferrari Andres Di Leoni , Willes Jessica Caroline Feltrin , Caramori Paulo Ricardo Avancini
Published: March 2021

Objective: Review the current literature in search of better knowledge about the use of implantable devices in patients who are investigating ischemic heart disease, and evaluate the possibility of its systematic use. Methods: Non-systematic literature review with exams and studies already published to date. Results: Risk stratification using implantable cardiac devices, associated with or as a substitute for the use of medication or physical stress, seems to be very safe, effective and highly reliable when compared to the methods traditionally established. Conclusion: Patients with implantable cardiac electronic devices constitute a specific challenging population, while research on ischemia is limited by secondary low/bay perfusion changes that result from the interaction of the device with the heart. These changes must be previously known, expected and interpreted with great care in order to reduce the number of false positives.
"La Brecha quedo abierta”: Soledad de Orozco Ávila y el activismo femenino en México
Authors: Spinoso Arcocha Rosa María
Published: March 2021

¿Cómo una sociedad conservadora y religiosa de la región de Los Altos, escenario privilegiado de la Cristiada en el estado mexicano de Jalisco, vio nacer y produjo una mujer revolucionaria, anticlerical, anarcosindicalista y libre pensadora?, según ella se autodefinía mientras ayudaba a crear una de las secciones de la Casa del Obrero Mundial, en 1924. La Cristiada fue un movimiento armado en los años 20, entre el gobierno y las milicias de católicos que resistían a la legislación y políticas públicas.

Partiendo de esa problemática propongo una aproximación, desde la Historia Cultural, a la vida y activismo político y social de Soledad de Ávila Orozco, también pionera del sufragio femenino en México, cuando se postuló en 1937 como candidata independiente para diputada local, en el estado de Guanajuato. Ganó, con un amplio margen de votos, pero como había previsto, no le permitieron desempeñar el cargo. Tampoco era eso lo importante, según decía, y sí “abrir brecha y sentar un precedente”. ¿Sus electores? Eran de las más diferentes filiaciones e ideologías, desde católicos, anticlericales y anarquistas, pero, principalmente, miembros del Frente Único Pro-Derechos de la Mujer, del que Soledad Ávila Orozco será una de las fundadoras. Siguió luchando hasta los 84 años, cuando murió en 1985.
PENGARUH KUALITAS PRODUK, KUALITAS LAYANAN DAN CITRA MEREK TERHADAP NIAT PEMBELIAN ULANG
Authors: Ekaprana I Dewa Gde Agung , Jatra I Made , Giantari I Gusti Ayu Ketut
Published: March 2021

Terjadinya fluktuasi  penjualan sepeda motor pada Dealer Astra Motor Center Denpasar membuat Honda harus bekerja lebih keras untuk meningkatkan kembali jumlah penjualan produknya. Dengan niat pembelian ulang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan jumlah penjualan produknya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan pengaruh kualitas produk, kualitas layanan dan citra merek terhadap niat pembelian ulang pada Dealer Astra Motor Center Denpasar. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Dealer Astra Motor Center Denpasar, dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 126. Pengambilan sampel ini menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi berganda dengan Statitical Package of Sosial Science (SPSS) 17.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kualitas produk, kualitas pelayanan dan citra merek berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap niat pembelian ulang sepeda motor merk Honda di Kota Denpasar.

Kata kunci : niat pembelian ulang; kualitas produk; kualitas layanan dan citra merek
PERAN SIKAP DALAM MEMEDIASI PENGARUH KESADARAN LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP NIAT BELI TUMBLER STARBUCKS DI KABUPATEN BADUNG
Authors: Yohana Ni Kadek Yora , Suasana I Gusti Agung Ketut Gede
Published: March 2021

Purchase intention is the desire of consumers to own a product. Purchase intention is very important. Companies need to pay attention to factors that can increase consumer purchase intentions for the products they offer. The purpose of this study is to explain the role of consumer attitudes in mediating the influence of environmental awareness on purchase intentions. This research was conducted in Badung Regency. The number of samples taken were 65 respondents who were consumers of Starbucks Coffee who had never bought a Starbucks tumbler. The sampling method used is the purposive sampling methFheteod. Data collection is done through interviews and questionnaires. The analysis technique used is path analysis (sobel test), sobel test, and solimun theory. The analysis showed that environmental awareness had a significant positive effect on purchase intentions, environmental awareness had a significant positive effect on consumer attitudes, consumer attitudes had a significant positive effect on purchase intentions, and this study also succeeded in proving that consumer attitudes were able to mediate the effect of environmental awareness on purchase intentions.

Keywords: purchase intention, environmental awareness, and consumer attitudes
MENATA TUGAS KELOMPOK SADAR WISATA (POKDARWIS) SUKODONO DENGAN PENDEKATAN ANALISIS JABATAN
Authors: Resmiatini Erna , Asmoro Bramantyo Tri
Published: March 2021

This research is an applied research focused on solving problems experienced by the Sukodono Tourism Awareness Group (Pokdarwis). The results of preliminary observations showed that they did not understand the tasks to be carried out. Therefore, this study aims to analyze and compile job descriptions of Pokdarwis Sukodono. The method used is a descriptive qualitative method, with a job analysis approach that adapts the steps of Dessler's (2010) job analysis and qualitative data analysis by Miles & Huberman's model (1994). Meanwhile, the data collection techniques in this study were interviews, observation, and documentation. The result obtained is job description of Pokdarwis Sukodono starting from the Chairman to the Business Development Section. This result is obtained after conducting repeated job analysis to obtain a credible job description. The results of this study bring enormous benefits to the management of Pokdarwis Sukodono, because now the management has a clear duty reference in working as a tourism agent in their area.

Keywords: Job Analysis; Job Description; Pokdarwis.
JO WIKA - MPK PLTD MFO 50 MW : REMUNERASI DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN
Authors: Astitiani Ni Luh Putu Surya
Published: March 2021

Performance can be viewed as a process or a work result. The purpose of this research is to find out how to increase the motivation and performance of employees so that it has an impact on the progress of the company by paying attention to the factors of remuneration and work environment. This research was conducted at JO WIKA-MPK PLTD MFO 50 MW. The number of samples used was 105 employees, using the total sampling technique method. Data collection was carried out through observation, literature study, interviews and questionnaires. The data analysis technique used was the Structural Equation Model assisted by the AMOS 22 program. Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that the effect of remuneration on motivation was significant. Furthermore, the effect of work environment on motivation is significant. The influence of motivation on employee performance is significant. The effect of remuneration on employee performance is significant. The influence of the work environment on employee performance is significant. To be able to foster morale in order to improve employee performance, employees must be motivated to be enthusiastic in carrying out their duties in order to achieve the vision and mission the company wants to achieve.

Keywords: remuneration, work environment, motivation, employee performance
NIAT REMAJA MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI MOBILE COMMERCE DI KOTA DENPASAR
Authors: Richadinata Kadek Riyan Putra , Aristayudha A A Ngurah Bagus
Published: March 2021

Readiness in using technology and the risk of credibility becomes an influence in youth intentions using m-commerce applications. This study aims to determine the intentions of adolescents using m-commerce applications in the city of Denpasar. The model used in this study is a causality model is a study that aims to determine the relationship of a causal cause between exogenous variables and endogenous variables. Dependent variable in this research is Readiness in Pengadobsian and Risk credibility, and independent variable in this research is intention to use m- commerce. Data analysis technique used in this research is technique is data analysis SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) with 125 responden. This research uses purposive sampling technique domiciled in Denpasar City and adolescent consumer with year of birth 1990-2000. The results of data analysis statistically show that perceived usefulness, perceived ease, social influence and condition of the facility is the dimension of readiness in using technology. Security risks and privacy risks are the dimensions of credibility risk. The finding of this research is that readiness in using technology and risk of credibility has no significant effect on the intention of using m-commerce applications.

Keywords: behavior intention, technology adobtion readness, kridebility risk, m-commerce
IMPLEMENTASI VLAN (VIRTUAL LOCAL AREA NETWORK) PADA RUMAH SAKIT MATA RAMATA
Authors: Yoga Bhaskara Budi , Raharja Made Agung
Published: March 2021

Rumah Sakit Mata Ramata merupakan rumah sakit mata yang masih dalam tahap pembangunan baik dari segi bangunan, teknis, maupun sistem. Penelitian ini akan membahas tentang pembangunan dari segi sistem pada jaringan rumah sakit ini dengan tujuan untuk mengoptimalkan komunikasi data pada rumah sakit ini nantinya ketika sudah mulai beroperasi. Penelitian ini berfokus untuk membahas tentang konfigurasi VLAN yang berperan penting dalam mengoptimalkan komunikasi data nantinya. VLAN merupakan suatu model jaringan yang membagi jaringan secara logikal kedalam beberapa VLAN yang berbeda. VLAN tidak terbatas pada kondisi fisik jaringan seperti pada LAN, VLAN dapat di konfigurasi secara virtual tanpa harus melihat kondisi peralatan, sehingga VLAN memiliki fleksibilitas di dalam pengaturan jaringan dan memudahkan administrator jaringan dalam membagi jaringannya sesuai dengan fungsi dan kebutuhan keamanan jaringan tersebut. Karena itu lah RS Mata Ramata sangat memerlukan VLAN dalam komunikasi data nantinya yang dimana selain menghemat tempat VLAN juga dapat menghemat biaya karena tidak perlu menggunakan banyak switch untuk keperluan jaringan pada Rumah Sakit ini.
On the Balance between Magnetization and Coercivity of MnBi Green Powders and Magnets Prepared Thereof
Authors: Nguyen Xuan Truong , Vu Ky Hong , Nguyen Vuong Van
Published: March 2021

Currently, MnBi magnetic material is promising to be very potential for low-cost high-temperature permanent magnetic applications. The most attractive parameters are the high magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy and its positive thermal coefficient which allow a high coercivity of MnBi magnets working even at 150 – 200 oC. This advantage is paid by the moderate value of magnetization, so the high energy product of MnBi magnets depends on how one can keep a good balance between the remanent magnetization Mr and the coercivity bHc. The paper considers this problem and discusses how to regulate the processing route to keep this balance to enhance the performance of MnBi green powders and MnBi bulk magnets prepared thereof
On Stability for Hybrid System under Stochastic Perturbations
Authors: Tan Binh Cao , Cong Son Ta
Published: March 2021

The aim of this paper is to find out suitable conditions for almost surely exponential stability of communication protocols, considered for nonlinear hybrid system under stochastic perturbations. By using the Lyapunov-type function, we proved that the almost surely exponential stability remain be guaranteed as long as a bound on the maximum allowable transfer interval (MATI) is satisfied.
¿Atrapando el Solsticio? Un análisis crítico de la orientación de los templos de Deir el-Bahari
Authors:   Universidad de La Laguna (España), Belmonte Avilés Juan Antonio , Fekri Magdi ,   Universidad Minufiya (Egipto ), Serra Miquel ,   Universidad de La Laguna(España)
Published: March 2021

The temples of Deir el-Bahari were studied in earlier campaigns carried out during the last decade within the framework of the Archaeoastronomy Mission of Ancient Egypt; in particular those of Mentuhotep II and Hatshepsut. Although they seem to belong to the family of temples oriented to the rising sun at the winter solstice, this orientation was not as precise as would be expected for temples of such importance. Therefore, after resuming work in Egypt, it was decided to propose alternative hypotheses that could explain the deviations of these two temples to the south and north of the solsticial line, respectively. It is difficult to imagine that they were mere design errors. In December 2017, further fieldwork was carried out in Thebes, in particular at Deir el-Bahari, and observations and measures were made on site during the winter solstice itself, documenting this phenomenon. The verifications carried out seem to confirm some new approaches. On the one hand, the memorial temple of Mentuhotep II could be diverted c. 2º to the south so that there would be a lighting effect during the winter solstice in the chapel closing the complex at the base of the cliff. This would be an astronomical event that could be related to the Wepet Renpet (New Year) at that period (11th Dynasty). On the other hand, the Temple of Millions of Years of Hatshepsut could be oriented towards sunrise on another unique date of the civil calendar during the reign of this sovereign. All in all, astronomical orientations at the site could relate to key dates in the civil calendar at the time when the temples were built.
Reflexiones sobre la presencia egipcia en el Levante meridional a finales del período del Bronce Temprano I(ca.3300-3000): a propósito del Tel Erani
Authors:   Universidad de Buenos Aires - CONICET (Argentina), Campagno Marcelo
Published: March 2021

Although the contacts between the populations of the southern Levant and the Nile Valley date back to earlier times, the archaeological record indicates a significant change for the last third of the fourth millennium BC (the period of Early Bronze IB, in the Levantine chronology). This period is characterized by a remarkable expansion of the number of South Levantine sites where ceramics and other Egyptian objects are registered, whether imported directly or made locally imitating patterns previously known in the Nile Valley. These sites also show new types of evidence of Egyptian influence, including building structures, ceramics with serekhs and Egyptian-like sealings. The exact meaning of this Egyptian presence is not easy to establish. Researchers have proposed very different hypotheses, from those that suggest an Egyptian conquest of the region, to those that focus on the problem in terms of Egyptian “colonies” or exchange relations between both regions. These interpretations will be considered here taking into account the diversity that seems to emerge from the types of evidence of the Egyptian presence in different South Levantine sites. In particular, recent information from Tel Erani will be considered, a site that is being re-excavated by archaeologists from the Jaguelonian University of Krakow, the Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (Beersheba), and the Israel Antiquities Authority, with the collaboration of an Argentine team from the University of Buenos Aires. Such information—particularly the traces of a remarkable wall that pre-date the evidence of Egyptian influence—could contribute to the reinterpretation of the ideas currently available on the nature of the Egyptian presence in the southern Levant at the end of the Early Bronze
Análisis preliminar de momias de la Dinastía XXII de Dra Abu el-Naga y sus amuletos asociados
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (España), Herrerín Jesús , Borrego Gallardo Francisco L. ,   Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (España)
Published: March 2021

Southwest of the courtyard of TT 11, inside a large tomb from the Twelfth Dynasty, a set of fragmented human mummies were found. All of them were adult male individuals and presented a refined mummification and some remains of burial goods of high quality, which, together with the epigraphic data recovered, suggest that they were a group of priests of the Twenty-Second Dynasty. The torsos of two of these individuals (one between 35 and 45 years old and another adult, older than 25), were open and broken by the thieves. In one, the evisceration incision on the left side of the abdomen is very well preserved. A rectangular metal plaque with a wedjat eye incised on its outer face was firmly attached at the lower edge of the cut. In the other individual, on a package of ochre was located in the anatomical place of the heart, eight small plaques of gold and silver were found strung together to a cord. Each one has a different motif in a set that seems to be related to the contemporary funerary literature. The few documented parallels, the materials used, and the execution quality show the high status of the owner
C2 Project. The Royal Cache Wadi Survey. 2017 campaign
Authors:   Universidad Complutense de Madrid (España), Pérez-Accino José Ramón , El- Leithy Hisham ,   Ministry of Antiquities (Egypt)
Published: March 2021

Since the discovery of the royal mummies in 1881, and in accordance with the conclusions of the Lansing campaign in 1920, the Royal Cache Wadi (or C2 Valley) on the West Bank at Luxor has been assumed to be archaeologically deserted. Since 2017, the C2 Project of Universidad Complutense of Madrid has returned to the site in order to explore the valley as a whole, not as though it were defined exclusively by the cache tomb TT 320. The results of the Project’s research to date challenge the interpretation of the Wadi either as archaeologically deserted or exclusively as an ancient hiding place, insofar as evidence of human activity indicates that other elements of the valley were significant in antiquity.
Desafíos y acciones de Terapia Ocupacional en salud mental. Tiempos de pandemia y transformación
Authors: Ramírez Osorio Diana Milena , Jiménez Moreno Nydia Alejandra , Navas Aida , González Margarita
Published: March 2021

Aproximarnos a comprender la salud mental en la complejidad de una pandemia reafirma la necesidad de reconocerla como un conjunto de relaciones humanas y dinámicas sociales vinculadas a la garantía de los derechos fundamentales, al trabajo digno, a la justicia social, al acceso a servicios ciudadanos, al cuidado y el co-cuidado de la vida como práctica y visión personal y colectiva y, por supuesto, a las necesidades y sufrimientos subjetivos. Hay que estimular el debate de la salud y la salud mental a partir de distintas perspectivas y actores para recrear y buscar alternativas que realmente apunten a la complejidad de las necesidades percibidas por las personas y las sociedades.
Perfil sociodemográfico y apoyo social percibido de personas mayores en condiciones de vulnerabilidad
Authors: Xifra María Julia
Published: March 2021

El propósito del estudio fue describir el apoyo social percibido y las variables sociodemográficas en personas mayores de la ciudad de Mar del Plata, Argentina, que concurren a comedores comunitarios o reciben bolsón de alimentos. Desde un enfoque metodológico cuantitativo, se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Para la recolección de datos se utilizaron un cuestionario sociodemográfico y el Cuestionario de Apoyo Social de Sherbourne y Stewart. Entre las características sociodemográficas prevalentes se destacan el bajo nivel de instrucción y el elevado porcentaje de personas viudas y que viven en soledad. Los puntajes obtenidos en el total del Cuestionario de Apoyo Social y sus dimensiones mostraron valores medios respecto a los puntos de corte propuestos. Se concluye que, aunque la cantidad de vínculos de que disponen las personas mayores no es escasa ni se evidencian disrupciones severas, coexisten la menor disponibilidad de apoyos instrumental y emocional informacional, un porcentaje alto de personas mayores que viven en soledad y una escasa participación en centros de jubilados. Desde la Terapia Ocupacional comunitaria se aspira a prestar especial atención a estos grupos de personas mayores vulnerables, sus posibilidades de inclusión y participación.
Microalgae: A source of Bio-colours
Authors: Mansi Srivastava  , Ishty Malhotra  , Sandeep Gupta  , Sanjay Gahan
Published: March 2021

Since past many years, manufacturing of artificial pigments has been immensely developing because of its growing use in lots of fields like foodstuff, diary, cosmetics, prescription drugs, paints etc. But their intake through numerous manners can be reason of unsafe results and numerous poisonous illness like cancer, allergic reactions, chronic diseases etc. Due to this, severe organic manner had been investigated which incorporates the extraction of bio-colours from microalgae, bacteria, fungal etc. Microalgae is taken into consideration as a giant supply for the manufacturing of bio-colours that not only presents big benefits in numerous fields but also, additionally produces some of pigments which can be applied in numerous industries. This paper emphasizes upon the different phylum of microalgae and the pigments produced from them. Extraction process of different pigments from six phylum has also been discussed in brief. At the end, the emphasis has been given upon the importance and benefits of bio colours in different industries. It has been concluded in this paper that different bio-colours from microalgae have high utility yet its usage is still in its earliest stages however in not so distant future and can be taken as an entryway for development of sustainable and green industry.
Comparative genomics of Glandirana rugosa using unsupervised AI reveals a high CG frequency
Authors: Katsura Yukako , Ikemura Toshimichi , Kajitani Rei , Toyoda Atsushi , Itoh Takehiko , Ogata Mitsuaki , Miura Ikuo , Wada Kennosuke , Wada Yoshiko , Satta Yoko
Published: March 2021

The Japanese wrinkled frog (Glandirana rugosa) is unique in having both XX-XY and ZZ-ZW types of sex chromosomes within the species. The genome sequencing and comparative genomics with other frogs should be important to understand mechanisms of turnover of sex chromosomes within one species or during a short period. In this study, we analyzed the newly sequenced genome of G. rugosa using a batch-learning self-organizing map which is unsupervised artificial intelligence for oligonucleotide compositions. To clarify genome characteristics of G. rugosa, we compared its short oligonucleotide compositions in all 1-Mb genomic fragments with those of other six frog species (Pyxicephalus adspersus, Rhinella marina, Spea multiplicata, Leptobrachium leishanense, Xenopus laevis, and Xenopus tropicalis). In G. rugosa, we found an Mb-level large size of repeat sequences having a high identity with the W chromosome of the African bullfrog (P. adspersus). Our study concluded that G. rugosa has unique genome characteristics with a high CG frequency, and its genome is assumed to heterochromatinize a large size of genome via methylataion of CG.
The Guide for White Women Who Teach Black Boys
Authors: Ankomah William Sarfo
Published: March 2021

Not applicable
Perspectives from Students: How to Tame the Chaos and Harness the Power of Technology for Learning
Authors: Ge Jenny , Smyth Rachael E. , Searle Michelle , Kirkpatrick Lori , Evans Rebecca , Elder Alexa , Brown Heather
Published: March 2021

Technology continues to form an important part of the educational landscape, although the value of portable devices as learning tools is still being explored and debated. In light of the technology-based teaching methods suddenly brought into effect in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the deliberate use of technology for learning is increasingly significant. The purpose of this article is to highlight student perspectives of learning with portable devices to inform the use of portable technology in the Canadian school system going forward. To gather student perceptions, the research team surveyed 704 students in grades 6 to 9 about their use of iPads in the classroom during a 1:1 technology initiative. While students were enthusiastic about the presence of portable technology, they also shared mixed feelings about the use of such technology as a learning tool. Key themes fell into three categories—engagement, inclusivity, and learning—as students shared their insight into the academic, social, and physical barriers that exist as a result of the technology. In the discussion, we identify lessons learned, especially in the area of self-regulation, and make recommendations on how to harness the power of this multi-faceted learning tool and minimize the chaos it can create when not utilized deliberately and carefully.
From Beliefs to Dynamic Affect Systems in Mathematics Education: Exploring a Mosaic of Relationships and Interactions
Authors: Irvine Jeff
Published: March 2021

Reviewed by Jeff Irvine
Response of Strawberry (fragaria Ananassa)to The Application of Microbial Inoculants And Organic Fertilizers
Authors: Mamo Suliman Hussein , Hassan Yousif Samira , Hassan Yousif Kurdistan
Published: March 2021

The present study was carried out during growing season of 2018-2019, in the wooden canopy of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Duhok, Kurdistan Region of Iraq, to investigate the influence of foliar spray of four concentrations of Urea (0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 g.L -1 ) and inoculation the soil with Azotobacter at two concentrations (0 and 10 m.L -1 ) and their interaction on the vegetative growth properties and quality of strawberry plant cv. Rubygem. The results indicated that Urea and Azotobacter significantly increased vegetative growth (chlorophyll, fresh weight, leaf area, leaf number and dry weight) as well as fruit quality (fruit weight, fruit length and number of fruits) (15.4g, 5.58cm and 10.67) respectively as compared with untreated plants. The interaction between the studies factors varied in their effect on the traits. The best interaction was the interaction of Urea at concentration (1g.L -1 ) and Azotobacter at (10 m.L -1 ) which gave the highest values (45.17 SPAD, 15.84 g and 5.38g) respectively as compared with other plants.
Philosophical and pedagogical views of T. I. Filippov
Authors: Shaposhnikov L. E.
Published: March 2021

Introduction. The paper analyses the ideas of T.I. Fillipov, a representative of the Slavophil school of thought. Fillipov’s commitment to the Slavophil doctrine formed the distinctive features of his philosophical and pedagogical beliefs. The present paper is aimed at examining these features and revealing Fillipov’s role in the cultural and educational development of Russia.

Materials and Methods. The original works by T. I. Fillipov serve as the material of the present study. For achieving the research goal, a number of traditional methods were used: analysis, interpretation, generalization, description, the comparative method. Besides, the historico-logical method proved to be particularly important for embracing the meaning of Filllipov’s activity to the Russian philosophy and enlightenment.

Results. The key ideas of T. I. Fillipov were identified. In the field of religion the scholar proposed to renovate the principles of sobornost as a means to overcome the faith crisis. He was also a proponent of the traditional values in education and culture. To preserve these, T. I. Fillipov suggested to enhance the national orientation in education and undertake measures to safeguard the folk culture. The present paper also makes a special emphasis on the scholar’s attention to the still relevant problem of the relationship between Russia and the Slavophilism. 

Discussion and Conclusion. The contribution made by T. I. Fillipov to the Russian philosophy and pedagogy is acknowledged. The scholar’s ideas concerning the unique role of the orthodox Christianity, Russia’s mission in the world history, the value of the country’s folk culture   remain acute today. T. I. Fillipov’s belief in the pedagogical value of the humanitarian disciplines shaping citizens’ patriotism is also very up to date. It is evident that Fillipov’s works – both published and archives - are worth further studying.
Organization of training of emercom cadets to conduct emergency rescue operations in a fire
Authors: Bulgakov V. V.
Published: March 2021

Introduction. Training cadets to perform emergency rescue operations in a fire is an urgent task that requires improving the educational process in this area. The most difficult types of rescue operations are opening and disassembling the building and technological structures, which are held to ensure the penetration of fire in hard to reach areas of buildings, reconnaissance, search and rescue, the extinguishing means to eliminate burning.

Materials and Methods. To implement high-quality training of trainees to perform emergency rescue operations in a fire, a review of literature sources, the regulatory framework and the experience of fire and rescue units was conducted. The development of the training trajectory and content of teaching materials is based on the main provisions of modular and game training, the requirements of competence and contextual approaches that contribute to the formation of educational motivation of cadets.

Results. Based on a set of pedagogical theories, research by the authors, regulatory documents and practical experience, a training course and methodology for training cadets to perform emergency rescue operations for opening and disassembling construction and technological structures in a fire have been developed. The training course includes theoretical and practical training to the extent sufficient for the formation of students ' solid knowledge, practical skills in this professional field. To update and maintain the competencies formed as a result of mastering the training course at a sufficient level, it is proposed to use a proven and applied multi-level modular system of practical training. To improve the quality of training of trainees and an objective assessment of the formed knowledge, practical skills and abilities, it is proposed to use an expert questionnaire and involve practical employees of fire and rescue units.

Discussion and Conclusions. The proposed approach to specialized training of trainees based on the study of individual courses embedded in the implemented educational process will increase the readiness of graduates for professional activities to perform basic combat tasks to save people and reduce material damage in fires.
Methodology for determining the levels of future teachers’ (bachelors) research thinking
Authors: Khaliullina L. R.
Published: March 2021

Introduction. Modern society makes new demands on the teacher. Along with the formation of such future teachers’ competencies as the willingness to master new information in the shortest possible time, to study independently and find effective ways to solve non-standard professional problems, the need to develop their research thinking becomes more and more urgent. Insufficient degree of knowledge of the essence of the concept of "research thinking" and the lack of methods to identify it and determine the levels of it testify to the relevance of this topic.

Materials and Methods. The analysis of the psychological and pedagogical literature showed that one of the factors contributing to the future teachers’ research thinking development is the development of a methodology for determining the levels of future teachers’ (bachelors) research thinking development, which is the goal of this study. The article discusses the views of foreign and domestic scientists who have studied research thinking, substantiates the importance and necessity of developing the methodology for determining the levels of future teachers’ research thinking development, as well as the logic of its development and substantiation of the methodology for determining the levels of development of research thinking in future teachers (bachelors). Such methods of scientific and pedagogical research as synthesis, thought experiment, pilot experiment were used.

Results. As a result of the analysis and interpretation of the available sources, the author's methodology was developed to determine the levels of development of research thinking in future teachers (bachelors), which is based on the application of research tasks.

Discussion and Conclusions. We have identified the features and levels of research tasks to determine the levels of future teachers’ research thinking development. Examples of research assignments for each level are given.
Formation and development of pedagogical education in Russia: XVIII - XX centuries
Authors: Slepenkova E. A. , Aksenov S. I.
Published: March 2021

Introduction. The article summarizes the results of the authors' long-term research work devoted to the study of the history of the development of the domestic system of teacher education.

Materials and Methods. The research is based on the analysis of a complex of various sources: regulatory documents of different years, monographs, articles. dissertation research, materials of pedagogical periodicals, memoirs. A large place is occupied by the study of archival sources from four archives of the country: the Central Historical Archive of the Nizhny Novgorod Region (TsANO); State Archives of the Russian Federation (GARF); Russian State Historical Archive (RGIA); Central Historical Archive of Moscow (CIAM). The main research methods were: critical analysis of historical sources, historical reconstruction, historical-genetic, historical-comparative.

Results. Based on the study and analysis of all the collected materials, the article determines a set of factors that have had the greatest impact on the development of the domestic system of teacher education since its inception in the second half of the 18th century: socio-economic, socio-cultural and cognitive factors. Based on the study of the combination and mutual influence of these factors, the authors in different years, the authors distinguish four historical periods in the development of the domestic system of pedagogical education: pre-revolutionary, post-revolutionary, Soviet and post-Soviet. In each historical period, the leading theoretical model of the professional training of a teacher that meets the requirements of the time is determined (a kind of paradigm of pedagogical education), its characteristics are given and trends in the historical development of the domestic system of pedagogical education are substantiated.

Discussion and Conclusions. On the basis of the conducted historical reconstruction, it is concluded that many modern directions of reforming pedagogical education continue the trends of its historical development.
Multilevel Analysis on the Ecological Effect of School on the Risk of Anemia among Female High School Students in Klaten Central Java
Authors:   Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Dewayanti Nurmala , Sulaeman Endang Sutisna ,   Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Murti Bhisma ,   Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret
Published: March 2021

Background: Anemia is a major nutritional problem worldwide. In 2018, at least 1.62 billion people were affected by anemia, and 33% were school children. Anemia in female adolescents contributes to high rates of maternal and infant mortality. This study aims to analyze the determinants of anemia among female adolescent at the individual level and at the school level. Subjects and Method: This study used a cross sectional research design. The study was conducted in Klaten Regency in February 2020. Sampling used was probability sampling with a total of 200 female adolescents aged 15 to 19 years old. The independent variables include knowledge, family economy, menstrual pattern, consumption of blood supplement tablets, and nutritional status. The dependent variable is anemia. Data were collected by using the Easy Touch brand hemoglobinometer, weighing scale, microtoice and questionnaire. Data were analyzed using multilevel multiple logistic regression with a stata of 13. Results: The results of this study indicated that good knowledge (b=-2.29; 95% CI= -4.23 to -0.32; p= 0.022), family economy ≥Rp 1,947,821 (b= -2.73; 95% CI= -4.58 to -0.75; p= 0.006), regular menstrual patterns (b= -2.29; 95% CI= -4.58 to -0.75; p= 0.001), blood supplement consumption (b= -3.22; 95% CI= - 8.96 to -2.17; p= 0.001), normal nutritional status (b= -3.36; 95% CI= -6.65 to -1.74; p= 0.001) reduce the incidence of anemia in adolescents. Variations at the school level indicate a contextual influence on the incidence of anemia in adolescents (ICC= 59.36%). Conclusion: There was a statistically significant influence of knowledge, family economy, menstrual patterns, blood supplement consumption and nutritional status on the incidence of anemia in adolescents. Variations at the level of school indicated that there was a contextual influence on the incidence of anemia in adolescents. Keywords: Multilevel, Anemia, Adolescents, School Correspondence: Nurmala Dewayanti. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: nurmaladewayanti@gmail.com. Mobile: +6287734875004.
Meta-Analysis the Effect of Section Caesarea on Early Breastfeeding Initiation
Authors:   Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Nurkholifa Ferda Fibi Tyas , Pamungkasari Eti Poncorini ,   Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Prasetya Hanung ,   Study Program of Acupuncture, Health Polytechnics, Ministry of Health Surakarta
Published: March 2021

Background: Early Initiation of Breastfeeding is the baby's first activity to find the mother's nipple within the first hour of birth. UNICEF and WHO recommend Early Breastfeeding Initiation as a strategy to achieve the 4th MDG, namely reducing child mortality. Early Breastfeeding Initiation has many benefits but its prevalence is still low, one of the contributing factors is cesarean section delivery. This study aims to estimate the effect of cesarean section delivery on early breastfeeding initiation based on the results of a number of previous studies. Subjects and Method: This study was a meta-analysis and systematic study. The articles used were obtained from PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar published from 2009-2020. The inclusion criteria used were full text articles with observational designs, articles published in English and Indonesian. The PICO study problems are as follows. Population= post partum mothers. Intervention= cesarean section delivery. Comparison= normal delivery. Outcome= early initiation of breastfeeding. Articles were collected using a prism flow diagram. Meta analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 with a Random Effect Model. Results: A total of 11 articles conducted a meta-analysis review of this study. The metaanalysis of 11 articles showed that women who gave birth through cesarean section technique were 0.33 times more likely to have early breastfeeding initiation compared to normal delivery. (aOR= 0.33; 95% CI= 0.18 to 0.59; p<0.001). Conclusion: Mothers who gave birth through cesarean section technique were more likely to initiate early breastfeeding by 0.33 times compared to normal delivery. Keywords: caesarean section, delivery method, early initiation of breastfeeding Correspondence: Ferda Fibi Tyas Nurkholifa. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: ferdafibi13@- gmail.com. Mobile: +62856557788
Factors Leading to Cesarean Section Delivery at Tarakan Hospital, North Kalimantan
Authors:   Department of Midwifery, University of Borneo Tarakan, Padlilah Rahmi , Yulianti Ika ,   Department of Midwifery, University of Borneo Tarakan, Ariyanti Ririn ,   Department of Midwifery, University of Borneo Tarakan
Published: March 2021

Background: The increase in cesarean section delivery requires attention. Mortality and morbidity rates for mother and fetus increase in line with the increase in cesarean section delivery. This study aimed to analyze the factors affecting the delivery of cesarean section. Subjects and Method: This was an analytical observational study with a case-control design. The study was conducted at Tarakan Hospital, North Kalimantan, from 2018 to 2020. There were 200 study subjects as the sample of this study that was selected by purposive sampling. The dependent variable was cesarean section delivery. The independent variables were parity, age, history of the disease, medical indications, and ANC history. This study used medical records to collect the data with multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: Cesarean section delivery increased with multiparous (OR= 1.26; 95% CI= 1.67 to 7.45; p= 0.001), age <20 and ≥ 35 years (OR= 1.51; 95% CI= 2.12 to 9.66; p <0.001), high-risk pregnancies such as diabetes mellitus, anemia, hypertension and preeclampsia (OR = 1.50; 95% CI = 2.12 to 9.52; p <0.001), medical indications (OR= 1.37; 95% CI = 1.82 to 8.57; p = 0.001) and complete ANC history (OR = 0.26; 95% CI = 0.13 to 0.56; p = 0.001). Conclusion: Caesarean section delivery increases with multiparous, age <20 and ≥35 years, had a history of the disease, medical indications, and a complete ANC history. Keywords: cesarean section, influencing factors, logistic regression analysis Correspondence: Rahmi Padlilah. University of Borneo Tarakan. Jl. Amal Lama No.1 Tarakan, North Kalimantan. Email: rahmipadlilah@gmail.com. Mobile: +628- 11538073.