bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Self-reported COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and uptake among participants from different racial and ethnic groups in the United States and United Kingdom
Authors: Nguyen Long H. , Joshi Amit D. , Drew David A. , Merino Jordi , Ma Wenjie , Lo Chun-Han , Kwon Sohee , Wang Kai , Graham Mark S. , Polidori Lorenzo , Menni Cristina , Sudre Carole H. , Anyane-Yeboa Adjoa , Astley Christina M. , Warner Erica T. , Hu Christina Y. , Selvachandran Somesh , Davies Richard , Nash Denis , Franks Paul W. , Wolf Jonathan , Ourselin Sebastien , Steves Claire J. , Spector Tim D. , Chan Andrew T. ,   COPE Consortium
Published: February 2022

Worldwide, racial and ethnic minorities have been disproportionately impacted by COVID-19 with increased risk of infection, its related complications, and death. In the initial phase of population-based vaccination in the United States (U.S.) and United Kingdom (U.K.), vaccine hesitancy may result in differences in uptake. We performed a cohort study among U.S. and U.K. participants who volunteered to take part in the smartphone-based COVID Symptom Study (March 2020-February 2021) and used logistic regression to estimate odds ratios of vaccine hesitancy and uptake. In the U.S. (n = 87,388), compared to white participants, vaccine hesitancy was greater for Black and Hispanic participants and those reporting more than one or other race. In the U.K. (n = 1,254,294), racial and ethnic minority participants showed similar levels of vaccine hesitancy to the U.S. However, associations between participant race and ethnicity and levels of vaccine uptake were observed to be different in the U.S. and the U.K. studies. Among U.S. participants, vaccine uptake was significantly lower among Black participants, which persisted among participants that self-reported being vaccine-willing. In contrast, statistically significant racial and ethnic disparities in vaccine uptake were not observed in the U.K sample. In this study of self-reported vaccine hesitancy and uptake, lower levels of vaccine uptake in Black participants in the U.S. during the initial vaccine rollout may be attributable to both hesitancy and disparities in access.
Nationally representative SARS-CoV-2 antibody prevalence estimates after the first epidemic wave in Mexico
Authors: Basto-Abreu Ana , Carnalla Martha , Torres-Ibarra Leticia , Romero-Martínez Martín , Martínez-Barnetche Jesús , López-Martínez Irma , Aparicio-Antonio Rodrigo , Shamah-Levy Teresa , Alpuche-Aranda Celia , Rivera Juan A. , Barrientos-Gutierrez Tonatiuh ,   ENSANUT-COVID collaborators, Cuevas-Nasu Lucia , Gaona-Pineda Elsa Berenice , Ávila-Arcos Marco Antonio , Reyes-Sánchez Francisco , Torres-Álvarez Rossana , López-Olmedo Nancy , Vidaña-Perez Desiree , González-Morales Romina , Barrera-Nuñez David , Perez-Ferrer Carolina , Gaspar-Castillo Carlos , Stern Dalia , Canto-Osorio Francisco , Sanchez-Pájaro Andrés
Published: February 2022

Seroprevalence surveys provide estimates of the extent of SARS-CoV-2 infections in the population, regardless of disease severity and test availability. In Mexico in 2020, COVID-19 cases reached a maximum in July and December. We aimed to estimate the national and regional seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies across demographic and socioeconomic groups in Mexico after the first wave, from August to November 2020. We used nationally representative survey data including 9,640 blood samples. Seroprevalence was estimated by socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, adjusting by the sensitivity and specificity of the immunoassay test. The national seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was 24.9% (95%CI 22.2, 26.7), being lower for adults 60 years and older. We found higher seroprevalence among urban and metropolitan areas, low socioeconomic status, low education and workers. Among seropositive people, 67.3% were asymptomatic. Social distancing, lockdown measures and vaccination programs need to consider that vulnerable groups are more exposed to the virus and unable to comply with lockdown measures.
Inner core composition paradox revealed by sound velocities of Fe and Fe-Si alloy
Authors: Huang Haijun , Fan Lili , Liu Xun , Xu Feng , Wu Ye , Yang Gang , Leng Chunwei , Wang Qingsong , Weng Jidong , Wang Xiang , Cai Lingcang , Fei Yingwei
Published: February 2022

Knowledge of the sound velocity of core materials is essential to explain the observed anomalously low shear wave velocity (VS) and high Poisson’s ratio (σ) in the solid inner core. To date, neitherVSnorσof Fe and Fe-Si alloy have been measured under core conditions. Here, we presentVSandσderived from direct measurements of the compressional wave velocity, bulk sound velocity, and density of Fe and Fe-8.6 wt%Si up to ~230 GPa and ~5400 K. The new data show that neither the effect of temperature nor incorporation of Si would be sufficient to explain the observed lowVSand highσof the inner core. A possible solution would add carbon (C) into the solid inner core that could further decreaseVSand increaseσ. However, the physical property-based Fe-Si-C core models seemingly conflict with the partitioning behavior of Si and C between liquid and solid Fe.
Cyclic AMP signalling and glucose metabolism mediate pH taxis by African trypanosomes
Authors: Shaw Sebastian , Knüsel Sebastian , Abbühl Daniel , Naguleswaran Arunasalam , Etzensperger Ruth , Benninger Mattias , Roditi Isabel
Published: February 2022

The collective movement of African trypanosomes on semi-solid surfaces, known as social motility, is presumed to be due to migration factors and repellents released by the parasites. Here we show that procyclic (insect midgut) forms acidify their environment as a consequence of glucose metabolism, generating pH gradients by diffusion. Early and late procyclic forms exhibit self-organising properties on agarose plates. While early procyclic forms are repelled by acid and migrate outwards, late procyclic forms remain at the inoculation site. Furthermore, trypanosomes respond to exogenously formed pH gradients, with both early and late procyclic forms being attracted to alkali. pH taxis is mediated by multiple cyclic AMP effectors: deletion of one copy of adenylate cyclase ACP5, or both copies of the cyclic AMP response protein CARP3, abrogates the response to acid, while deletion of phosphodiesterase PDEB1 completely abolishes pH taxis. The ability to sense pH is biologically relevant as trypanosomes experience large changes as they migrate through their tsetse host. Supporting this, a CARP3 null mutant is severely compromised in its ability to establish infections in flies. Based on these findings, we propose that the expanded family of adenylate cyclases in trypanosomes might govern other chemotactic responses in their two hosts.
Lipidated PrRP31 metabolites are long acting dual GPR10 and NPFF2 receptor agonists with potent body weight lowering effect
Authors: Alexopoulou Flora , Bech Esben Matzen , Pedersen Søren Ljungberg , Thorbek Ditte Dencker , Leurs Ulrike , Rudkjær Lise Christine Biehl , Fosgerau Keld , Hansen Henrik H. , Vrang Niels , Jelsing Jacob , Elster Lisbeth
Published: February 2022

Prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP) is an endogenous neuropeptide involved in appetite regulation and energy homeostasis. PrRP binds with high affinity to G-protein coupled receptor 10 (GPR10) and with lesser activity towards the neuropeptide FF receptor type 2 (NPFF2R). The present study aimed to develop long-acting PrRP31 analogues with potent anti-obesity efficacy. A comprehensive series of C18 lipidated PrRP31 analogues was characterized in vitro and analogues with various GPR10 and NPFF2R activity profiles were profiled for bioavailability and metabolic effects following subcutaneous administration in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice. PrRP31 analogues acylated with a C18 lipid chain carrying a terminal acid (C18 diacid) were potent GPR10-selective agonists and weight-neutral in DIO mice. In contrast, acylation with aliphatic C18 lipid chain (C18) resulted in dual GPR10-NPFF2R co-agonists that suppressed food intake and promoted a robust weight loss in DIO mice, which was sustained for at least one week after last dosing. Rapid in vivo degradation of C18 PrRP31 analogues gave rise to circulating lipidated PrRP metabolites maintaining dual GPR10-NPFF2R agonist profile and long-acting anti-obesity efficacy in DIO mice. Combined GPR10 and NPFF2R activation may therefore be a critical mechanism for obtaining robust anti-obesity efficacy of PrRP31 analogues.
Analysis of the effect of NEKs on the prognosis of patients with non-small-cell lung carcinoma based on bioinformatics
Authors: Yang Mengxia , Guo Yikun , Guo Xiaofei , Mao Yun , Zhu Shijie , Wang Ningjun , Lu Dianrong
Published: February 2022

NEKs are proteins that are involved in various cell processes and play important roles in the formation and development of cancer. However, few studies have examined the role of NEKs in the development of non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). To address this problem, the Oncomine, UALCAN, and the Human Protein Atlas databases were used to analyze differential NEK expression and its clinicopathological parameters, while the Kaplan–Meier, cBioPortal, GEPIA, and DAVID databases were used to analyze survival, gene mutations, similar genes, and biological enrichments. The rate of NEK family gene mutation was high (> 50%) in patients with NSCLC, in which NEK2/4/6/8/ was overexpressed and significantly correlated with tumor stage and nodal metastasis status. In addition, the high expression of NEK2/3mRNA was significantly associated with poor prognosis in patients with NSCLC, while high expression of NEK1/4/6/7/8/9/10/11mRNA was associated with good prognosis. In summary, these results suggest that NEK2/4/6/8 may be a potential prognostic biomarker for the survival of patients with NSCLC.
Mechanical properties of muscles and tendon structures in middle-aged and young men
Authors: Kubo Keitaro , Ikebukuro Toshihiro , Yata Hideaki
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study was to compare the mechanical properties of muscles and tendon structures for plantar flexor muscles at various strain rates and jump performances using single joint between middle-aged and young men in order to clarify the mechanisms of age-related decline in power output during vertical jump of middle-aged people previously reported. Passive muscle stiffness of the medial gastrocnemius muscle was determined based on passive muscle force and fascicle length during passive stretching at four angular velocities. Active muscle stiffness was calculated based on changes in muscle force and fascicle length during stretching at five angular velocities after submaximal isometric contractions. Maximal elongation and hysteresis of tendon structures were assessed from estimated muscle force—tendon elongation during ramp and ballistic contractions. Two kinds of unilateral jump heights using only ankle joint (no-countermovement and countermovement jumps) were measured. No significant differences in passive and active muscle stiffness, tendon structure properties (except for maximal elongation during ramp contraction), or jump heights were found between middle-aged and young men. The results suggest that the mechanical properties of muscles and tendon structures for plantar flexor muscles and jump performances using only ankle joint do not show age-related changes in middle-aged men.
In-fibre micro-channel: its potential for in-fibre detection
Authors: Zhang Xinpu , Zhang Xuhui , Zhang Yang , Peng Wei
Published: February 2022

Micro-channels (μ-channels) in microstructure fibres can be regarded as natural in-fibre flow channels.
Enantioselective Peroxidation of C-alkynyl imines enabled by chiral BINOL calcium phosphate
Authors: Sun Zhongwen , Chen Lijun , Qiu Kaixiong , Liu Bo , Li Hongtao , Yu Fang
Published: February 2022

In a reaction catalyzed by a chiral calcium phosphate, hydroperoxides and in situ generated alkynyl imines afford C-alkynyl α-amino peroxides in generally excellent yields and high enantioselectivities.
Silica mineralization on anisotropic gelatin-hydrogel scaffolds
Authors: Otsuka Kazuma , Murai Kazuki
Published: February 2022

We investigated the mechanisms of silica mineralization in the case where gelatin hydrogels provide a three-dimensional anisotropic template and scaffold.
BODIPY–dipicolylamine complexes of platinum(ii): X-ray structure, cellular imaging and organelle-specific near-IR light type-II PDT
Authors: Bera Arpan , Gautam Srishti , Raza Md Kausar , Pal Apurba Kumar , Kondaiah Paturu , Chakravarty Akhil R.
Published: February 2022

Pt(ii)-dipicolylamine-BODIPY based photosensitizers [Pt(L2,3)Cl]Cl show remarkable mitochondria and ER-targeted type-II apoptotic PDT activity in visible and red light forming singlet oxygen as the ROS.
A study on structural, optical, and electrical characteristics of perovskite CsPbBr3 QD/2D-TiSe2 nanosheet based nanocomposites for optoelectronic applications
Authors: Kumar Ashish , Swami Sanjay Kumar , Sharma Rohit , Yadav Sandeep , Singh V. N. , Schneider Joerg J. , Sinha O. P. , Srivastava Ritu
Published: February 2022

Lead halide perovskite (CsPbBr3) quantum dots (QDs) and two-dimensional (2D) layered transition metal dichalcogenides have a significant application in solution-processed optoelectronic devices.
Photoreaction of biomass burning brown carbon aerosol particles
Authors: Liu-Kang Carolyn , Gallimore Peter J. , Liu Tengyu , Abbatt Jonathan P. D.
Published: February 2022

Short-term light exposure of primary brown carbon aerosols causes an increase in absorption. Continuous aging in the dark afterwards results in a persistent increase in absorption.
Bergamottin promotes osteoblast differentiation and bone formation via activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway
Authors: Wang Xue , Tian Ye , Liang Xuechao , Yin Chong , Huai Ying , Zhao Yipu , Huang Qian , Chu Xiaohua , Wang Weisi , Qian Airong
Published: February 2022

Bergamottin promotes osteoblast differentiation and enhances bone formation by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
Phytochemistry profile of rosella and jambolan extracts and the therapeutic effects on obesity
Authors: Negri Giuseppina , Calló Daniella , Mano-Sousa Brayan Jonas , Duarte-Almeida Joaquim Maurício , Carlini Elisaldo de Araujo , Tabach Ricardo
Published: February 2022

Hibiscus sabdariffa extract (HSE) and Syzygium cumini extract (SCE) have been used in traditional medicine due to their hypoglycemic, antidiabetic, anti-obesity and antioxidant activities.
N-Acetylcysteine alleviates high fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis and liver injuryviaregulating the intestinal microecology in mice
Authors: Ding Qinchao , Guo Rui , Pei Liuhua , Lai Shanglei , Li Jiaomei , Yin Yujie , Xu Tiantian , Yang Wenwen , Song Qing , Han Qiang , Dou Xiaobing , Li Songtao
Published: February 2022

N-Acetylcysteine alleviates high fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis and liver injuryviaregulating the intestinal microecology in mice.
Urease inhibitory kinetics, molecular docking, SAR and ADME studies of imine analogues
Authors: Qazi Syeda Uroos , Naz Asia , Imran Aqeel , Iqbal Jamshed
Published: February 2022

A series of synthesized imine derivatives (3a–m), including thio-semicarbazone, semicarbazone, thiazole and oxazole functional moieties, were examined for in vitro urease inhibition activity.
A simple construction of multiple highly-efficient orange-emitting carboranes based on interlocked molecular aggregations
Authors: Wang Zhaojin , Chen Bo , Zhang Huike , Yang Haoyu , Tao Silu , Guan Rongfeng
Published: February 2022

Highly-efficient orange-emitting materials could be better constructed by carborane.
Influence of Ni content on structural, magnetocaloric and electrical properties in manganite La0.6Ba0.2Sr0.2Mn1−xNixO3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1) type perovskites
Authors: Dhahri Ahmed , Laifi J. , Gouadria Soumaya , Elhadi M. , Dhahri E. , Hlil E. K.
Published: February 2022

We present a detailed study on the physical properties of La0.6Ba0.2Sr0.2Mn1−xNixO3 samples (x = 0.00, 0.05 and 0.1).
Bonding and stability of dinitrogen-bonded donor base-stabilized Si(0)/Ge(0) species [(cAACMe–Si/Ge)2(N2)]: EDA-NOCV analysis
Authors: Karnamkkott Harsha S. , Gorantla Sai Manoj N. V. T. , Devi Kavita , Tiwari Geetika , Mondal Kartik Chandra
Published: February 2022

Dinitrogen (N2) binding and its activation have been achieved by non-metal compounds like intermediate cAACborylene with the general formula of (cAAC)2(B-Dur)2(N2) [cAAC = cyclic alkyl(amino)carbene; Dur = aryl group, 2,3,5,6-tetramethylphenyl; B-Dur = aryl-borylene].
Hollow terbium metal–organic-framework spheres: preparation and their performance in Fe3+ detection
Authors: Yang Xiaozhan , Liang Yicun , Feng Wenlin , Yang Chaolong , Wang Lian , Huang Guojia , Wang Daoyuan
Published: February 2022

(a) Pictures of Tb-MOFs suspension (left) and Fe3+ (right) under 365 nm illumination. (b) Pictures of Fe3+ with (left) and without (right) Tb-MOFs. (c) Pictures of Tb-MOFs powder before (left) and after (right) Fe3+ adsorption.
Photocytotoxicity and photoinduced phosphine ligand exchange in a Ru(ii) polypyridyl complex
Authors: Steinke Sean J. , Gupta Sayak , Piechota Eric J. , Moore Curtis E. , Kodanko Jeremy J. , Turro Claudia
Published: February 2022

New Ru(ii) complexes exhibit selective ligand dissociation driven by an excited state trans-type influence. The complexes are not toxic to triple-negative breast cancer cells in the dark, but induce cell death upon irradiation with visible light.
A complementary chemical probe approach towards customized studies of G-quadruplex DNA structures in live cells
Authors: Prasad Bagineni , Doimo Mara , Andréasson Måns , L’Hôte Valentin , Chorell Erik , Wanrooij Sjoerd
Published: February 2022

The development of an approach to generate multiple tailored biochemical tools based on the same core structure, Phen-DC3, to advance studies of G4 biology to uncover molecular details and therapeutic approaches.
Moving cracks in drying colloidal films
Authors: Badar Atiya , Tirumkudulu Mahesh S.
Published: February 2022

We derive an analytical solution for the speed of a steadily moving crack in a free-standing, drying colloidal film along with the stress, the displacement, and the pressure fields near the moving crack tip. The model accounts for the micro-structural details of the packing.
Visible-light-induced tandem difluoroalkylated spirocyclization of N-arylpropiolamides: access to C3-difluoroacetylated spiro[4,5]trienones
Authors: Yuan Jin-Wei , Shen Lu , Ma Meng-Yao , Feng Shi , Yang Wan , Yang Liang-Ru , Xiao Yong-Mei , Zhang Shou-Ren , Qu Ling-Bo
Published: February 2022

A visible-light-catalyzed difluoroacetylated spirocyclization of N-arylpropiolamides with ethyl bromodifluoroacetate as a CF2CO2Et radical precursor is described using fac-[Ir(ppy)3] as a photocatalyst.
Polymeric biocompatible iron oxide nanoparticles labeled with peptides for imaging in ovarian cancer
Authors: Shahdeo Deepshikha , Roberts Akanksha , Kesarwani Veerbhan , Horvat Milena , Chouhan Raghuraj Singh , Gandhi Sonu
Published: February 2022

Compared with other nanomaterials, surface-modified iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have gained attraction for cancer therapy applications due to its low toxicity, and long retention time. An innocuous targeting strategy was developed by generation of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled peptide (growth factor domain (GFD) and somatomedin B domain (SMB)) functionalized, chitosan-coated IONPs (IONPs/C). It can be used to target urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR), which is a surface biomarker, in ovarian cancer. Binding affinity between uPAR and peptides (GFD and SMB) were revealed by in-silico docking studies. The biophysical characterizations of IONPs, IONPs/C, and IONPs/C/GFD-FITC or SMB-FITC nanoprobes were assessed via Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). Prussian Blue staining, fluorescence spectroscopy, and fluorescence imaging were performed to confirm the targeting of nanoprobes with the surface receptor uPAR. The combination of IONPs/C/GFD+SMB showed efficient targeting of uPAR in the tumor microenvironment, and thus can be implemented as a molecular magnetic nanoprobe for cancer cell imaging and targeting.
Streamer dynamics and charge self‐erasing of two counter‐propagating plasmas in repetitively pulsed surface dielectric barrier discharge
Authors: Peng Bangfa , Jiang Nan , Shang Kefeng , Lu Na , Li Jie , Wu Yan
Published: February 2022

The streamer dynamics and charge self‐erasing of two counter‐propagating plasmas generated by repetitively pulsed surface dielectric barrier discharge are investigated using electrical and optical diagnosis, and a two‐dimensional fluid model. Three distinct discharge phases of primary, transitional and secondary streamers are identified in a single‐pulse discharge through the time‐resolved plasma images. Moreover, a merging phenomenon of the two opposing primary streamers is observed at the middle position of the discharge gap. Compared to the first pulse, a low streamer propagation velocity of the primary streamer is measured during the subsequent discharge process due to the limitation of residual surface charges left by the previous discharge. No significant differences of the transferred charge and the deposited energy are obtained in the sequential pulses at a discharge gap of 9 mm. Numerical simulations show that a reduction for the plasma intensity of the approached two primary streamers is attributed by the accumulated charge on the dielectric surface and gathered positive charges in the streamer head. Numerical and experimental studies indicate that the residual charges can be erased by the secondary streamer through the drifted electrons, namely that a phenomenon of charge self‐erasing can be realized in the individual pulse.
Quasars with large proper motions: A selection from the LQAC-5 catalogue combined with Gaia EDR3
Authors: Souchay J. , Secrest N. , Lambert S. , Zacharias N. , Taris F. , Barache C. , Arias F. , Makarov V.
Published: February 2022

Context. Thanks to the cross-identification between the Gaia EDR3 (E-Data Release 3) catalogue and the quasars’ compiled catalogue LQAC-5 (Large Quasar Astrometric Catalogue-5), accurate astrometric parameters as well as photometric measurements were available for a set of 416 113 quasars.

Aims. After analysing the astrometric and photometric properties of these quasars,we concentrate our study on objects characterized by significant proper motion, which contradicts the postulate that they are fixed in the celestial sphere.

Methods. We derived statistical properties of the positions, parallaxes, and proper motions of the quasars cross-matched with Gaia EDR3. We carried out a specific investigation of quasars with a proper motion larger than 10 mas yr−1, and used colour–colour diagrams in mid-infrared to discriminate these quasars from stellar contamination. We discuss, in detail, a few cases where the abnormal proper motion could be caused by misidentifications.

Results. We note that 43% of LQAC-5 quasars were not detected by Gaia EDR3, mainly because of the cut-off magnitude at G = 21. The comparison between r(G) (Gaia) and r (SDSS) shows a normal distribution. The normalized distributions of parallaxes and proper motions are identical to that of the Gaia CRF2, as well as the distribution of the GBP − GRP colour index. We have identified 937 LQAC-5 objects (0.27% of the sample) with Gaia EDR3 proper motion which is significant at the 5σ level. We have clearly shown that below z = 0.35, the integrated magnitude G(r) obtained from SDSS spectra is smaller than G (Gaia), leading to the statement that the quasars are generally resolved under this threshold, which should lead to a bad determination of proper motion. Moreover, to discriminate quasars from stellar contamination, we have plotted them in a mid-infrared colour–colour diagram. Finally, we have made a final selection of 41 objects with μ > 10 mas yr−1, satisfying drastic constraints, which makes them potential candidates for considering their proper motion as real.

Conclusions. In this paper we carried out a complete analysis of the quasars of the LQAC-5 which were cross-identified with Gaia EDR3 ; this serves as an alternative and complementary study with respect to Gaia CRF2, involving a different population of quasars. We selected a set of 41 quasars with a proper motion exceeding 10 mas yr−1, which can be considered as very high for objects which are a priori fixed in the celestial sphere.
Non-local thermodynamic equilibrium spectral analysis of five hot, hydrogen-deficient pre-white dwarfs
Authors: Werner Klaus , Reindl Nicole , Dorsch Matti , Geier Stephan , Munari Ulisse , Raddi Roberto
Published: February 2022

Hot, compact, hydrogen-deficient pre-white dwarfs (pre-WDs) with effective temperatures ofTeff> 70 000 K and a surface gravity of 5.0 < logg< 7.0 are rather rare objects despite recent and ongoing surveys. It is believed that they are the outcome of either single star evolution (late helium-shell flash or late helium-core flash) or binary star evolution (double WD merger). Their study is interesting because the surface elemental abundances reflect the physics of thermonuclear flashes and merger events. Spectroscopically they are divided in three different classes, namely PG1159, O(He), or He-sdO. We present a spectroscopic analysis of five such stars that turned out to have atmospheric parameters in the rangeTeff= 70 000–80 000 K and logg= 5.2–6.3. The three investigated He-sdOs have a relatively high hydrogen mass fraction (10%) that is unexplained by both single (He core flash) and binary evolution (He-WD merger) scenarios. The O(He) star JL 9 is probably a binary helium-WD merger, but its hydrogen content (6%) is also at odds with merger models. We found that RL 104 is the ‘coolest’ (Teff= 80 000 K) member of the PG1159 class in a pre-WD stage. Its optical spectrum is remarkable because it exhibits C IVlines involving Rydberg states with principal quantum numbers up ton= 22. Its rather low mass (0.48−0.02+0.03 M⊙) is difficult to reconcile with the common evolutionary scenario for PG1159 stars due to it being the outcome of a (very) late He-shell flash. The same mass-problem faces a merger model of a close He-sdO plus CO WD binary that predicts PG1159-like abundances. Perhaps RL 104 originates from a very late He-shell flash in a CO/He WD formed by a merger of two low-mass He-WDs.
Stellar masses, sizes, and radial profiles for 465 nearby early-type galaxies: An extension to theSpitzersurvey of stellar structure in Galaxies (S4G)
Authors: Watkins A. E. , Salo H. , Laurikainen E. , Díaz-García S. , Comerón S. , Janz J. , Su A. H. , Buta R. , Athanassoula E. , Bosma A. , Ho L. C. , Holwerda B. W. , Kim T. , Knapen J. H. , Laine S. , Menéndez-Delmestre K. , Peletier R. F. , Sheth K. , Zaritsky D.
Published: February 2022

Context.TheSpitzerSurvey of Stellar Structure in Galaxies (S4G) is a detailed study of over 2300 nearby galaxies in the near-infrared (NIR), which has been critical to our understanding of the detailed structures of nearby galaxies. Because the sample galaxies were selected only using radio-derived velocities, however, the survey favored late-type disk galaxies over lenticulars and ellipticals.

Aims.A follow-upSpitzersurvey was conducted to rectify this bias, adding 465 early-type galaxies (ETGs) to the original sample, to be analyzed in a manner consistent with the initial survey. We present the data release of this ETG extension, up to the third data processing pipeline (P3): surface photometry.

Methods.We produce curves of growth and radial surface brightness profiles (with and without inclination corrections) using reduced and maskedSpitzerIRAC 3.6 μm and 4.5 μm images produced through Pipelines 1 and 2, respectively. From these profiles, we derive the following integrated quantities: total magnitudes, stellar masses, concentration parameters, and galaxy size metrics. We showcase NIR scaling relations for ETGs among these quantities.

Results.We examine general trends across the whole S4G and ETG extension among our derived parameters, highlighting differences between ETGs and late-type galaxies (LTGs). The latter are, on average, more massive and more concentrated than LTGs, and subtle distinctions are seen among ETG morphological subtypes. We also derive the following scaling relations and compare them with previous results in visible light: mass-size (both half-light and isophotal), mass-concentration, mass-surface brightness (central, effective, and within 1 kpc), and mass-color.

Conclusions.We find good agreement with previous works, though some relations (e.g., mass-central surface brightness) will require more careful multicomponent decompositions to be fully understood. The relations between mass and isophotal radius and between mass and surface brightness within 1 kpc, in particular, show notably small scatter. The former provides important constraints on the limits of size growth in galaxies, possibly related to star formation thresholds, while the latter–particularly when paired with the similarly tight relation for LTGs–showcases the striking self-similarity of galaxy cores, suggesting they evolve little over cosmic time. All of the profiles and parameters described in this paper will be provided to the community via the NASA/IPAC database on a dedicated website.
Chromospheric emission from nanoflare heating in RADYN simulations
Authors: Bakke H. , Carlsson M. , Rouppe van der Voort L. , Gudiksen B. V. , Polito V. , Testa P. , De Pontieu B.
Published: February 2022

Context.Heating signatures from small-scale magnetic reconnection events in the solar atmosphere have proven to be difficult to detect through observations. Numerical models that reproduce flaring conditions are essential in understanding how nanoflares may act as a heating mechanism of the corona.

Aims.We study the effects of non-thermal electrons in synthetic spectra from 1D hydrodynamic RADYN simulations of nanoflare heated loops to investigate the diagnostic potential of chromospheric emission from small-scale events.

Methods.The Mg IIh and k, Ca IIH and K, Ca II854.2 nm, and Hαand Hβchromospheric lines were synthesised from various RADYN models of coronal loops subject to electron beams of nanoflare energies. The contribution function to the line intensity was computed to better understand how the atmospheric response to the non-thermal electrons affects the formation of spectral lines and the detailed shape of their spectral profiles.

Results.The spectral line signatures arising from the electron beams highly depend on the density of the loop and the lower cutoff energy of the electrons. Low-energy (5 keV) electrons deposit their energy in the corona and transition region, producing strong plasma flows that cause both redshifts and blueshifts of the chromospheric spectra. Higher-energy (10 and 15 keV) electrons deposit their energy in the lower transition region and chromosphere, resulting in increased emission from local heating. Our results indicate that effects from small-scale events can be observed with ground-based telescopes, expanding the list of possible diagnostics for the presence and properties of nanoflares.
Polymer electret-based organic field-effect transistor memory with a solution-processable bilayer (PαMS/ cross-linked PVP) gate dielectric
Authors: Rajeev V.R. , Narayanan Unni K.N.
Published: February 2022

Pentacene based organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) were fabricated, with both cross-linked poly vinyl phenol (CL-PVP) and a bilayer of poly(α-methylstyrene) (PαMS)/ CL-PVP as gate dielectric. The PαMS layer decreases the surface energy of the gate dielectric and increases the hydrophobic nature, which leads to favorable growth of pentacene and the corresponding field-effect mobility, though at a higher gate voltage span, increases three times compared to that of the device with only CL-PVP as the gate dielectric. OFET with bilayer polymer gate dielectric exhibited non-volatile memory behavior with an on-off ratio 103, retention time >103 s and a large memory window of −25 V. The memory effect observed in the device was due to the charge trapping in the PαMS layer, with CL-PVP acting as a blocking dielectric. Our studies indicate that the bilayer dielectric, comprising of solution-processable PαMS/CL-PVP is a good choice for obtaining non-volatile electret memory on an OFET platform.
Global Polarization Theory Overview
Authors: Gao Jian-Hua
Published: February 2022

We give a brief overview about theory development of spin polarization in relativistic heavy ion collisions, which includes how the polarization could be generated by single scattering, what the polarization could be in equilibrium, how to address some recent puzzles in spin polarization in heavy ion collisions and how much progress we have made in spin hydrodynamics and spin kinetic theory. We will also discuss the possible helicity polarization in relativistic heavy ion collisions.
Energy Dependence of Strangeness Production in Heavyion Collision
Authors: Nasim Md
Published: February 2022

An experimental overview of the energy dependence of strangeness production is presented. The strange hadrons are considered a good probe to study the QCD matter created in relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions. The heavy-ion experiments at SPS, RHIC, and LHC have recorded a wealth of data in proton-proton, proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions at several beam energies. In this proceeding, I discuss the invariant yield and azimuthal anisotropy measurement of strange hadrons in nucleus-nucleus collisions at SPS, RHIC, and LHC.
From Nuggets of SQM to Domains of Broken Symmetry (In memoriam of Jack Sandweiss)
Authors: Finch Evan
Published: February 2022

For the last 20 years of his remarkable career, Jack Sandweiss was an enthusiastic leader in heavy-ion physics, especially excited about two main topics: the search for stable or metastable strange quark matter and the possibility of local parity violation in heavy-ion collisions. I take a look back at some of Jack’s contributions in the context of the current state of both of these very active areas.
Exact strangeness conservation in heavy ion collisions
Authors: Redlich Krzysztof , Sharma Natasha
Published: February 2022

We investigate the increase in strangeness production with charged particle multiplicity (dNch/dy) seen by the ALICE collaboration at CERN in p-p, p-Pb and Pb-Pb collisions using the hadron resonance gas model. The strangeness canonical ensemble is used taking into account the interactions among hadrons using S-matrix corrections based on known phase shift analyses. We show the essential role of constraints due to the exact conservation of strangeness which is instrumental to describing observed features of strange particle yields and their scaling with dNch/dy. Furthermore, the results on comparing the hadron resonance gas model with and without S-matrix corrections, are presented. We observe that the interactions introduced by the phase shift analysis via the S-matrix formalism are essential for a better description of the yields data independent of collision system. This work is based on our longlasting collaboration and most recent publications with Jean Cleymans.
Theory progress at Strange Quark Matter 2021
Authors: Schenke Björn
Published: February 2022

I review recent theory progress reported at the 19th International Conference on Strangeness in Quark Matter (SQM), and discuss open questions to be addressed by the coming editions of SQM.
Coupled baryon, electric charge and strangeness fluctuations in heavy-ion collisions
Authors: Pihan Grégoire , Bluhm Marcus , Nahrgang Marlene
Published: February 2022

We present for the first time quantitative results for the coupled dynamics of second order fluctuations in the three conserved charges of QCD based on stochastic diffusion equations for a Bjorken-type expanding hadronic medium. We show that the fluctuations deviate from local equilibrium expectations which can result in important phenomenological consequences for the interpretation of experimental data.
Spectral reconstruction details of a gradient-flowed color-electric correlator
Authors: Altenkort Luis , Eller Alexander M. , Kaczmarek Olaf , Mazur Lukas , Moore Guy D. , Shu Hai-Tao
Published: February 2022

In a recently published work we provide a proof-of-concept of a novel method to extract the heavy quark momentum diffusion coefficient from color-electric correlators on the lattice using gradient flow. The transport coefficient can be found in the infrared limit of the corresponding spectral function which is reconstructed through perturbative model fits of the correlator data. In this proceedings report we want to give more detailed insights into the systematic uncertainties of this procedure and compare our results with other studies.
The Role of Strange Quasiquarks in Transport Properties of the QGP
Authors: Mykhaylova Valeriya
Published: February 2022

We study the role of dynamical quarks in the transport properties of the deconfined hot medium utilizing the quasiparticle kinetic approach. The system is then composed of the quasiparticle excitations, whose interactions are encoded in their dynamical masses with temperature dependence specified by the effective coupling extracted from lattice QCD thermodynamics. Evaluating the temperature and flavor profiles of the shear and bulk viscosities, as well as the electrical conductivity we examine how different particle species, in particular strange quarks, modify the transport parameters of the deconfined matter.
Hadron production within a full transport approach with statistical hadronization mechanism at RHIC and LHC energies
Authors: Galesi Giuseppe , Plumari Salvatore , Greco Vincenzo
Published: February 2022

We present for the first time results on final hadron production, with and without strangeness content, in Ultrarelativistic Heavy Ion Collisions at RHIC and LHC center of mass energies obtained combining a full 3+1D relativistic Boltzmann transport approach with a statistical hadronization mechanism. The non-perturbative interaction between quarks and gluons is described by means of a quasi-particle approach that permits to have an Equation of State close to lattice QCD. The resulting framework naturally includes both shear and bulk viscous effects. The 3+1D full transport evolution is converted to hadrons by mean of a realistic freeze-out hypersurface considering all known hadron resonances and by performing resonance decays. We present results on charged-hadron multiplicity, identified-particle spectra and identified-particle elliptic flow of π, K and p produced at RHIC and LHC energies for different centralities.
Interpretation of Λ hyperon spin polarization measurements
Authors: Florkowski Wojciech , Ryblewski Radoslaw
Published: February 2022

A new global polarization measurement method based on the projection of the polarization vector on the properly defined system’s orbital angular momentum in the Λ hyperon’s rest frame is briefly described. The advantages of the new method over the standard procedure are discussed.
Higher-order semi-rational solutions for the coupled complex modified Korteweg-de Vries equation
Authors: Lou Yu , Zhang Yi , Ye Rusuo
Published: February 2022

We explore the Darboux-dressing transformation of the coupled complex modified Korteweg-de Vries equation. Next, with the aid of an asymptotic expansion theory, we derive the concrete forms of three types of semi-rational solutions. In particular, the seed solution is related to the normalized distance and retarded time. Interestingly, we construct a kind of novel rogue wave called as curve rogue wave. More importantly, the kinetics of semi-rational solutions are discussed in detail. We hope that these results would shed more light on comprehending of the solutions occurring in multi-component coupled systems.
Dispositif hospitalier en direction des adolescents douloureux chroniques
Authors: Girardon Nicolas
Published: February 2022

Nous décrivons un dispositif d’hospitalisation temps complet pour adolescents souffrant de douleurs chroniques touchant le système musculosquelettique. Ce dispositif associe soins de rééducation fonctionnelle et accompagnement pédopsychiatrique. Les médiations corporelles, le travail familial et la remise en situation scolaire au sein de notre établissement de type « SoinsÉtudes » sont les trois piliers de la prise en charge. La pertinence et les limites de ces hospitalisations pour cette indication sont discutées. Dans une perspective attachementiste nous émettons par ailleurs l’hypothèse que la plupart de ces enfants présentent un style d’attachement de type « contrôlant thérapeute » envers leur environnement familial ce que ces hospitalisations permettent souvent de révéler.
Altérations du soi minimal dans les troubles schizophréniques
Authors: Achard Philippe , Benjamin Lola , Ouzounian Maëva
Published: February 2022

La phénoménologie psychiatrique contemporaine a pu lier altérations du soi minimal et troubles schizophréniques. En effet, des perturbations de cette composante du Self, qui serait le préalable de notre capacité à se ressentir comme agent de ses expériences et de les reconnaître comme siennes, expliqueraient les états particuliers de conscience rapportés par les patients schizophrènes. Si leur analyse doit être guidée par une lecture duale, laissant alterner hyper-réflexivité et troubles de l’intercorporéité, l’échelle descriptive offerte par l’EASE constitue un outil de prédilection au regard de l’investigation objective des altérations du Self Minimal. En favorisant la co-construction d’un langage pour décrire l’expérience du sujet, l’EASE permet de rendre compte des irrégularités du Self Minimal et revêt ainsi un enjeu diagnostique comme pronostique comme nous pourrons le voir. Deux modèles explicatifs dominent l’origine présumée de ces perturbations, attribuant respectivement ces modifications à des défaillances d’ordre métacognitif et à des processus précédant l’action – impliquant l’émission d’une copie d’efférence – troublés. L’altération du soi-minimal reste difficile à appréhender, mais nous souhaitons porter son analyse sous le prisme de deux œuvres de la culture populaire. Dans Cyberpunk 2077, le protagoniste expérimente l’insertion d’une personnalité dans sa psyché avec laquelle il devra cohabiter dans un but commun, présentant ainsi une altération du corps vécu. Dans Fight club, Tyler Durden expérimente la sensation parasitante d’être envahi par un corps étranger, dont il spatialise les faits au point de l’annihiler en se tirant une balle dans le crâne, et que l’on peut explorer sous le prisme du syndrome d’influence.
Medikolegale und ethische Implikationen von „DNR“-Tätowierungen in der präklinischen Notfallmedizin
Authors: Grannemann Julia Johanna
Published: February 2022

Im Falle eines Herz-Kreislauf-Stillstandes wird umgehend die Herz-Lungen-Wiederbelebung (HLW) eingeleitet. Gründe, eine HLW zu beenden bzw. nicht mit einer solchen zu beginnen, sind sichere
Zeichen des eingetretenen Todes und das Vorliegen eines eindeutigen und rechtsgültigen Patientenwillens, aus dem hervorgeht, dass der Patient keine HLW wünscht. Der Fall, dass ein
wiederbelebungspflichtiger Patient einen „Nicht wiederbeleben!“-Schriftzug auf seinem Brustkorb eintätowiert hat, bringt die Rettungskräfte in ein rechtliches und ethisches Dilemma.

Der vorliegende Artikel möchte die Frage beantworten, wie sich der Notarzt verhalten sollte, wenn ein Patient mit Herz-Kreislauf-Stillstand vorgefunden wird, aus medizinischen
Gesichtspunkten eine HLW durchgeführt werden muss, der Patient aber über eine „Nicht wiederbeleben!“-Tätowierung verfügt. Zur Beantwortung dieser Frage werden sowohl rechtliche als auch
ethische Aspekte der beschriebenen Situation beleuchtet.

Es erfolgt eine systematische Literaturanalyse, um die Frage zu beantworten.
C(sp3)–F Bond Transformation of Perfluoroalkyl Compounds Mediated by Visible-Light Photocatalysis: Spin-Center Shifts and Radical/Polar Crossover Processes via Anionic Intermediates
Authors: Nishimoto Yoshihiro , Yasuda Makoto , Sugihara Naoki
Published: February 2022

Due to its large bond energy, precisely controllable C–F bond activation is a significant challenge in organic synthesis. A single C(sp3)–F bond transformation of perfluoroalkyl groups is particularly desirable to supply functionalized perfluoroalkyl compounds offering properties that are potentially useful in pharmaceutical and materials chemistry. Recently, the single defluorinative transformation of perfluoroalkyl compounds has been developed via visible-light photocatalysis. Herein, we summarize this field via two main topics. Topic 1 covers the transformations of C(sp3)–F bonds in either perfluoroalkylarenes or perfluoroalkane carbonyl compounds via a defluorinative spin-center shift in the radical anion intermediates. Topic 2 addresses the defluorinative transformations of α-trifluoromethyl alkenes to give gem-difluoroalkenes via a radical/polar crossover process.

1 Introduction

2 C(sp3)–F Transformations via Defluorinative Spin-Center Shifts

3 C(sp3)–F Transformations via a Radical/Polar Crossover Process

4 Conclusions
Historical Aspects and Surgical Nuances on the Craniocervical Approach to the Jugular Foramen
Authors: Constanzo Felipe , Nogueira Gustavo Fabiano , Coelho Neto Mauricio , Ramina Ricardo
Published: February 2022

Context Tumors of the jugular foramen present a challenge to skull base surgeons. Their rarity, coupled with the complex anatomy of the region require exquisite knowledge and surgical technique. We present the history of the craniocervical approach to the jugular foramen, as well as surgical advice on how to manage the different extensions these tumors may present. The surgical nuances come from the experience of our skull base team managing over 150 tumors of the jugular foramen over the past 30 years. The history of the craniocervical approach was obtained by reviewing articles on surgery of the jugular foramen published on PUBMED over the past 100 years.

History The first craniocervical approach may be attributed to Gardner et al. in 1891, with posterior contributions from Shapiro and Neues, Gejrot, Kempe et al, Hilding and Greenberg, and Glasscock.

Nuances Cervical dissection with identification of the jugular vein, carotid bifurcation, and IX to XII cranial nerves was performed. Mastoidectomy with exposition of the fallopian canal, labyrinth, middle ear, sigmoid sinus, followed by a trans-sigmoid craniotomy with transposition of the vertebral artery gave access to the temporal and intracranial region.

Conclusion Approaching the jugular foramen is the epitome of skull base surgery. Several modifications of the standard approach may be necessary depending on the extension of the tumor.
Citizen science and the right to research: building local knowledge of climate change impacts
Authors: Albagli Sarita , Iwama Allan Yu
Published: February 2022

The article presents results of a research project aiming to develop theoretical and empirical contributions on participatory approaches and methods of citizen science for risk mapping and adaptation to climate change. In the first part, the paper presents a review of the literature on key concepts and perspectives related to participatory citizen science, introducing the concept of the “right to research”. It highlights the mutual fertilization with participatory mapping methods to deal with disaster situations associated to climate change. In the second part, the paper describes and presents the results and conclusions of an action-research developed on the coastline between the states of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 2017–2018. It involved affected communities as protagonists in mapping and managing risks of natural disasters caused by extreme climate events, by combining citizen science approaches and methods with Participatory Geographic Information Systems (PGIS) and social cartography. The article concludes by pointing out the contributions and limits of the “right to research” as a relevant Social Science approach to reframe citizen science from a democratic view.