bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nachhaltigkeit und soziales Engagement unter Corona-Bedingungen: Die Ergebnisse des DBS-Blitzlichts 2022
Authors: Wimmer Ulla
Published: November 2023

2022 wurde die Deutsche Bibliotheksstatistik (DBS) für Öffentliche Bibliotheken durch ein neues Feature ergänzt: das „DBS-Blitzlicht“. Der Aufsatz beschreibt die Ziele hinter dem Konzept, die Erfahrungen aus dem ersten Durchgang 2022 und die Nutzungsmöglichkeiten der Ergebnisse. Einige Ergebnisse zu den 2022 abgefragten Themen – Angebote für Geflüchtete, Nachhaltigkeit und Einschränkungen durch Corona-Maßnahmen – werden dargestellt.
Markov model combined with MR diffusion tensor imaging for predicting the onset of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Lang Lili , Wang Ying
Published: November 2023

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) affects cognition, behavior, and memory of brain. It causes 60–80% of dementia cases. Cross-sectional imaging investigations of AD show that magnetic resonance (MR) with diffusion tensor image (DTI)-detected lesion locations in AD patients are heterogeneous and distributed across the imaging area. This study suggested that Markov model (MM) combined with MR-DTI (MM + MR-DTI) was offered as a method for predicting the onset of AD. In 120 subjects (normal controls [NCs], amnestic mild cognitive impairment [aMCI] patients, and AD patients) from a discovery dataset and 122 subjects (NCs, aMCI, and AD) from a replicated dataset, we used them to evaluate the white matter (WM) integrity and abnormalities. We did this by using automated fiber quantification, which allowed us to identify 20 central WM tracts. Point-wise alterations in WM tracts were shown using discovery and replication datasets. The statistical analysis revealed a substantial correlation between microstructural WM alterations and output in the patient groups and cognitive performance, suggesting that this may be a potential biomarker for AD. The MR-based classifier demonstrated the following performance levels for the basis classifiers, with DTI achieving the lowest performance. The following outcomes were seen in MM + MR-DTI using multimodal techniques when combining two modalities. Finally, a combination of every imaging method produced results with an accuracy of 98%, a specificity of 97%, and a sensitivity of 99%. In summary, DTI performs better when paired with structural MR, despite its relatively weak performance when used alone. These findings support the idea that WM modifications play a significant role in AD.
Alteration in the molecular structure of the adenine base exposed to gamma irradiation: An ESR study
Authors: Usta Keziban
Published: November 2023

Adenine polycrystals were obtained from their powder form under effective crystallization conditions by adjustment of the concentration of chemical solutions. The adenine samples were irradiated with a 60Co gamma-ray source at room temperature for 12, 24, 48, and 72 h, and then these samples were investigated between 240 and 400 K using an electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometer. No signals were observed in the non-irradiated samples irradiated for 12, 24, and 48 h; however, when irradiated for 72 h, the samples exhibited complex ESR spectra. The analysis indicated the presence of a radical structure,

NH

̇

\dot{{NH}}

. The hyperfine splitting and g-values were calculated from the spectra by simulation programs. Also, during the measurements, it was observed that the shapes of the ESR lines changed slightly with the temperature.
Heterogenous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D-like controls endothelial cell functions
Authors: Fischer Sandra , Lichtenthaeler Chiara , Stepanenko Anastasiya , Heyl Florian , Maticzka Daniel , Kemmerer Katrin , Klostermann Melina , Backofen Rolf , Zarnack Kathi , Weigand Julia E.
Published: November 2023

HnRNPs are ubiquitously expressed RNA-binding proteins, tightly controlling posttranscriptional gene regulation. Consequently, hnRNP networks are essential for cellular homeostasis and their dysregulation is associated with cancer and other diseases. However, the physiological function of hnRNPs in non-cancerous cell systems are poorly understood. We analyzed the importance of HNRNPDL in endothelial cell functions. Knockdown of HNRNPDL led to impaired proliferation, migration and sprouting of spheroids. Transcriptome analysis identified cyclin D1 (CCND1) and tropomyosin 4 (TPM4) as targets of HNRNPDL, reflecting the phenotypic changes after knockdown. Our findings underline the importance of HNRNPDL for the homeostasis of physiological processes in endothelial cells.
Waste material classification using performance evaluation of deep learning models
Authors: Al-Mashhadani Israa Badr
Published: November 2023

Waste classification is the issue of sorting rubbish into valuable categories for efficient waste management. Problems arise from issues such as individual ignorance or inactivity and more overt issues like pollution in the environment, lack of resources, or a malfunctioning system. Education, established behaviors, an improved infrastructure, technology, and legislative incentives to promote effective trash sorting and management are all necessary for a solution to be implemented. For solid waste management and recycling efforts to be successful, waste materials must be sorted appropriately. This study evaluates the effectiveness of several deep learning (DL) models for the challenge of waste material classification. The focus will be on finding the best DL technique for solid waste classification. This study extensively compares several DL architectures (Resnet50, GoogleNet, InceptionV3, and Xception). Images of various types of trash are amassed and cleaned up to form a dataset. Accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score are only a few measures used to assess the performance of the many DL models trained and tested on this dataset. ResNet50 showed impressive performance in waste material classification, with 95% accuracy, 95.4% precision, 95% recall, and 94.8% in the F1 score, with only two incorrect categories in the glass class. All classes are correctly classified with an F1 score of 100% due to Inception V3’s remarkable accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. Xception’s classification accuracy was excellent (100%), with a few difficulties in the glass and trash categories. With a good 90.78% precision, 100% recall, and 89.81% F1 score, GoogleNet performed admirably. This study highlights the significance of using models based on DL for categorizing trash. The results open the way for enhanced trash sorting and recycling operations, contributing to an economically and ecologically friendly future.
“So, I trucked out to the border, learned to say ain’t, came to find work”: the sociolinguistics of Firefly
Authors: Laliberté Catherine , Keller Melanie , Wengler Diana
Published: November 2023

Firefly is a TV series that aired in 2002 and 2003 in the United States. The series belongs to the space western subgenre, which allies science fiction and western tropes by layering, in this case, a dystopian society, space travel, standoffs in desolate landscapes, and saloon brawls. This juxtaposition of genres is reflected in the language of Firefly’s characters in three ways: world-specific slang, Chinese code-switching, and features evoking Southern American English. This study explores the latter, employing quantitative methods used in variationist sociolinguistics. Using a corpus of all episodes of the series and the film Serenity (2005), we show that features reminiscent of Southern varieties of English, specifically nasal fronting and the use of ain’t, are stratified according to the social realities of the world of Firefly. Nonstandard linguistic variants are used to represent rebel smugglers as opposed to characters representing valued professions. This pattern contributes to world-building in Firefly by indexing divisions between the superpower-controlled territories and the recently settled edge of the universe. The use of realistically constrained Southern linguistic features draws upon present-day notions of linguistic (non)standardness to indicate marginality. Firefly therefore relies on its audience’s linguistic knowledge of the real world to create its fictional one.
Konfessionskunde und Kirchentheorie
Authors: Schroth Michael
Published: November 2023

Der vorliegende Artikel unternimmt den Versuch einer Verhältnisbestimmung von Praktischer Theologie bzw. Kirchentheorie und Konfessionskunde. Dabei lassen sich sowohl aus kirchentheoretischer als auch aus konfessionskundlicher Perspektive zahlreiche Schnittmengen und Anknüpfungsmöglichkeiten beschreiben, die einen weitergehenden Diskurs zwischen den beiden Disziplinen nahelegen. Kritisch einzuwenden bleibt dabei von Seiten der Kirchentheorie v. a. die mangelnde empirische Rückbindung gegenwärtiger konfessionskundlicher Arbeit.
Dogmatische Selbsterfassung, ökumenische Verständigung oder historische Beschreibung?
Authors: Dahlke Benjamin
Published: November 2023

Das Ziel des vorliegenden Artikels besteht darin, die Funktionsvarianz der Konfessionskunde herauszustellen. Sie kann der Dogmatik, Ökumenischen Theologie oder Kirchengeschichte zugeordnet werden. Allerdings gilt es, das Erkenntnisinteresse präzise zu bestimmen.
Konfessionskunde als Christentumswissenschaft
Authors: Moga Ioan
Published: November 2023

Als Response zum Beitrag von Markus Iff in diesem Heft problematisiert der Autor zwei Aspekte der heutigen Verortung der Konfessionskunde: zum einen die schwache akademische Andockung dieser Teildisziplin, zum anderen die Ambivalenz der Diagnosen bezüglich einer vermeintlichen Verflüssigung von konfessionellen Identitäten bzw. einer dominanten Rolle von transkonfessionellen Phänomenen. Moga plädiert für eine differenziertere Sicht auf die Konfessionen im heutigen Europa und schlägt als Alternativbezeichnung einer revitalisierten Konfessionskunde den Begriff der Christentumswissenschaft vor, der theologisch weniger problematisch wäre und zumal das Verbindende ins Zentrum setzte.
Mögliche Effizienzgewinne durch die Einführung eines länderübergreifenden Emissionshandels für den Gebäude- und Straßenverkehrssektor in der Europäischen Union
Authors: Rickels Wilfried , Rischer Christian , Schenuit Felix , Peterson Sonja
Published: November 2023

In der Europäischen Union (EU) wird voraussichtlich ab 2027 ein zweites Emissionshandelssystem (EU ETS2) für die Sektoren Gebäude, Straßenverkehr und kleine Energie- und Industrieanlagen eingeführt. Bis 2030 stellt das EU ETS2 keine eigenständige Säule der EU-Klimapolitik dar, sondern soll die Mitgliedstaaten beim Erreichen ihrer nationalen Ziele gemäß Lastenteilungsverordnung unterstützen. Wilfried Rickels, Christian Rischer, Felix Schenuit und Sonja Peterson untersuchen das EU ETS2 für das Jahr 2030 mit dem allgemeinen Gleichgewichtsmodell DART. In ihrer Analyse generiert die Einführung eines EU ETS2 etwa ein Viertel der Effizienzgewinne eines umfassenden Emissionshandelssystems, vorausgesetzt, die Nationalstaaten nutzen die Flexibilitätsmechanismen der Lastenteilungsverordnung und gleichen die regionale Verlagerung der Emissionsvermeidung durch den zwischenstaatlichen Emissionshandel aus. Dies gilt allerdings nur, wenn es nicht zu einer weitreichenden Preisstabilisierung im EU ETS2 kommt.
One-dimensional haemodynamic model of a vascular network with fractional-order viscoelasticity
Authors: Yanbarisov Ruslan , Gamilov Timur
Published: November 2023

We propose a computational framework for a one-dimensional haemodynamic model with the arterial walls described by the fractional-order viscoelastic material constitutive law. This framework is used to compare blood flow characteristics for simulations with elastic and fractional-order viscoelastic walls. We use three well-established benchmark tests: a single pulse wave in a long vessel, flow in a 37-segment network of elastic tubes, and flow in anatomically detailed arterial network consisting of 61 arterial segments. All results for elastic model are in a good agreement with analytical solutions, in vitro data and other well-established approaches. Fractional-order model demonstrates noticeable differences in pulse wave propagation speed and minor differences in pressure and flow profiles. Differences in profiles are negligible in major vessels, but more profound in vessels beyond the third or fourth generation.
Lotman’s semiotics of culture in the age of AI: analyzing the cultural dynamics of AI-generated video art in the semiosphere
Authors: Arkhipova Daria , Viidalepp Auli
Published: November 2023

The use of AI-generated videos centered on the face raises various concerns among professionals and audiences due to the difficulty of providing coherent descriptive tools of their cultural significance. At the same time, the focus of artists and their audiences shifts from the art as a text to the collaboration process between artificial intelligence (AI) and the involved social actors. This raises significant concerns between policymakers and other social actors looking for guidelines for the appropriate use of AI as a tool, collaborator or substitute for creative workers, which can have immediate and long-term impacts on society and culture. Semiotics of culture provides descriptive tools for understanding and evaluating artistic texts and their role in semiotic space, the semiosphere. This article addresses how Lotman’s theory can contribute to the methodology for analyzing AI-generated texts as dynamic models. The theoretical framework developed by Lotman in his research on artistic text, dynamic systems and culture can be applied to the studies of current shifts related to AI-generated arts. This paper looks at the reception of AI-generated videos focused on face representations. In doing so, it analyses the dynamic processes in the creation process of AI-generated videos through their reception in related texts. The findings of this article highlight how Lotman’s theoretical framework can contribute to the methodology to analyze the cultural dynamics evoked by AI-generated artistic texts.
Wehinne »und da« – Zur erlebten Rede in der Hebräischen Bibel
Authors: Casagrande Alessandro G. K.
Published: November 2023

Das Zurücktreten der Erzählstimme in der Literatur der Hebräischen Bibel wurde oft benannt. Dies wurde allerdings nur selten mit der erzähltheoretischen Analysekategorie des Modus fundiert. Letzteres gilt besonders für die Darstellung von Figurenrede. Dabei ist umstritten, ob sich neben direkter und indirekter Rede auch erlebte Rede in der Hebräischen Bibel nachweisen lässt. Diese vor allem von Meir Sternberg vertretene Möglichkeit hat Cynthia L. Miller abgelehnt. Millers Einwände lassen sich aber mit einer linguistisch fundierten Erzählanalyse hinterfragen, was die grundsätzliche Möglichkeit erlebter Rede bei wehinne-Phrasen begründet.
אֶלְגָּבִישׁ: Ein neues ägyptisches Lehnwort im Alten Testament?
Authors: Theis Christoffer , Mahlich Elena
Published: November 2023

The article offers a discussion of a supposed new Egyptian loanword in the book of the prophet Ezekiel proposed by Jonathan Thambyrajah in 2021. The proposal that אֶלְגָּבִישׁ (Ez 13,11.13; 38,22) is a loanword from the Egyptian language can be firmly rejected due to many linguistic and cultural-historic problems.
Managing difference: Preliminary research to an enculturational care strategy in the triple periphery of Eastern Saxony, Lower Silesia and North-Eastern Bohemia
Authors: Vogt Matthias Theodor
Published: November 2023

There may be areas in the world where reflection on strengthening intercultural resilience belongs to the group of amenities–nice to have, but not a must be, and a mere object of evening chit-chat among well-mannered people, after which the brave citizen goes to bed. The triple periphery of East Saxony, Lower Silesia and North-East Bohemia does NOT belong to this type of area. Here, on the contrary, the future of society and its economy, depends on successful intercultural resilience, and not least its political including its party-political preferences.

For the following reflections, we choose the example of the care labour market and focus in particular on the situation in the German part of the European City of Görlitz-Zgorzelec as pars pro toto of the three-countries’-region. A small preliminary empirical study by Monique Ritter commissioned by us can be found in the same volume.

The intercultural integration of care workers from overseas requires special efforts. Max Frisch (1965) wrote about the situation of Italian “guest workers” in Switzerland: They have called for labour, and human beings are coming. This sentence has a special truth when it comes to people who come from far away and hope to find a new home here.

A critical question to be asked in the following is whether the city of Görlitz is at all suitable for such a project, and how the research can do justice to the complex situation in the border triangle. Can the findings from Leipzig (Decker et al., 2023) be transferred one-to-one to the situation in Görlitz? What insights does a more detailed analysis of crime and constitutional protection statistics offer for the safety of foreign trainees in Görlitz? What is the need for research on enculturation? This article concentrates on the background picture from which the concrete research on care will start.
ANÁLISIS DEL RÉGIMEN DE ACTIVIDADES PRIMARIAS EN SOCIEDADES FÍSICAS Y MORALES DE LA MISCELÁNEA FISCAL
Authors: Ferrari Ávila R.A. , Vázquez Varela F.F.
Published: November 2023

La presente investigación fue desarrolla a partir de las modificaciones a la miscelánea fiscal en el 2020, la cual tiene repercusión a nivel federal en México. Dicha investigación ha sido motivada por la intención de generar argumentos sólidos para una mejora en la discusión político-legislativa en el sistema tributario en beneficio del campo mexicano, debido a que este sector históricamente ha sido desprotegido y eso es un factor relevante para la falta de inversión en la tecnificación del cultivo, que a su vez impide un mayor aprovechamiento de la tierra cultivable, la diversificación y el fortalecimiento de la economía mexicana. Para obtener los resultados de este estudio, se hizo un análisis cuantitativo de las implicaciones fiscales a los contribuyentes con actividades primarias posterior a las reformas de la miscelánea fiscal 2020; dicho estudio fue por medio de varias disciplinas como lo es economía, sociología y derecho. Con lo anterior hemos llegado a la conclusión que a partir de que se ha modificado la forma de tributación para las sociedades físicas o morales de régimen de actividades primarias, se ofrecen mayores facilidades a los agricultores, pero al mismo tiempo generándoles mayores impuestos, lo que surge según el presente análisis, de una política pública ineficiente al no apoyar a los pequeños y medianos productores y al mismo tiempo no generar un logro tributario importante, porque la medida de ampliar este régimen fiscal a las sociedades morales solamente representaría un 0.00002% del Producto interno bruto (PIB) de México.
Estado de excepción y emergencia sanitaria: Dos lecturas desde el COVID-19 en México
Authors: Montoya Camarena Ramses Samael , Avendaño González Luis Eusebio Alberto
Published: November 2023

En el texto se describen las diferencias entre el estado de excepción y la situación de emergencia sanitaria; asimismo, se señalan algunos de los requisitos fijados en el sistema interamericano de protección de derechos humanos, para establecer de forma legítima el estado de excepción. Finalmente, se formulan algunas críticas con enfoque jurídico sobre las acciones que se han implementado en México, para enfrentar la crisis pandémica causada por el COVID-19.
Morena, de partido nuevo a la consolidación como partido en el poder
Authors: Navarrete Vela Juan Pablo
Published: November 2023

El presente artículo aborda de forma panorámica los principales avances electorales de Morena en las elecciones de 2021. A través de la comparación utilizamos algunas categorías para medir el desempeño electoral, tanto por porcentaje de votos, así como el coeficiente de desempeño electoral (cde). Se parte de la literatura especializada para sostener que Morena es el partido nuevo más exitoso en la historia electoral mexicana, esto porque ha superado los criterios que debe cumplir un partido para considerarse relevante. Con los datos de este artículo podemos observar el paso de Morena de un partido intermedio a un partido grande y que la elección de 2021 colocó al partido del presidente Andrés Manuel López Obrador como el partido a vencer en las siguientes elecciones.
¿Quién es el pueblo? Una discusión normativa entorno a dos enfoques opuestos de la idea del pueblo
Authors: Arcos Robledo Héctor Sebastián
Published: November 2023

¿Quién es el pueblo? La respuesta involucra dos prominentes enfoques opuestos, uno liberal y otro populista. En este ensayo se debaten normativamente las razones que soportan ambos enfoques, sin embargo, se defiende una posición liberal por encima de la populista, debido a los efectos que el populismo tiende a tener sobre las normas constitucionales de una democracia, es decir, la separación de poderes, los controles y equilibrios y el Estado de derecho.
Transfuguismo y disciplina partidista en los congresos locales: El efecto Morena después de las elecciones de 2018
Authors: Muñoz Armenta Aldo , Medrano González Ramiro , Cienfuegos Terrón Marco Aurelio
Published: November 2023

El propósito de este trabajo es investigar los alcances del transfuguismo electoral y legislativo en el ámbito subnacional que habría generado Morena en el marco de los comicios locales de 2018, 2019 y 2020. Para tal propósito se revisaron 972 registros biográficos de los diputados de los congresos locales de las 32 entidades federativas y se investigó cuántos legisladores reconocen que formaron parte de otras fuerzas políticas antes de acceder a su escaño ycuántos se cambiaron de partido después de haber sido instalados como representantes populares. La hipótesis que orientó el análisis establece que el morenismo atrajo políticos de todos los partidos generando un alto nivel de transfuguismo sin precedentes. Sin embargo, los resultados permiten inferir que el transfuguismo existente si benefició a Morena, pero fue marginal en relación con el total de registros y que se focalizó en el PRD, PT y PES, es decir, fue producto del desgajamiento del perredismo y de los arreglos electorales con los socios de coalición del morenismo.
Presentación
Authors: Ramírez Macías José́ de Jesús , Rivera Navarro Gerardo
Published: November 2023

Presentación del dossier.
La desconfianza en los partidos políticos y la percepción ciudadana de desempeño gubernamental: México ante América Latina
Authors: Palazuelos Covarrubias Israel
Published: November 2023

El objetivo de este trabajo es hacer una revisión transversal del fenómeno de la desconfianza en los partidos políticos en México e indagar sobre su relación con la percepción de desempeño gubernamental. Se pretende tener una perspectiva comparada con los otros 17 países de América Latina ubicando al país en la Región y observando a qué países es más parecido y de cuáles es más distinto.Palabras clave: Desconfianza, partidos políticos, desempeño gubernamental, opinión pública, México, América Latina.
La teoría espacial del voto: una propuesta de aplicación en Latinoamérica
Authors: León Ganatios Luis Eduardo
Published: November 2023

A partir de una revisión teórica sobre los modelos de proximidad y de direccionalidad, correspondientes a la teoría espacial de voto, se establece la aplicabilidad de los mismos en Latinoamérica y qué modelo debe aplicarse en cada país estudiado con base en criterios establecidos por la misma teoría, tales como el índice de fragmentación, número efectivo de partidos, índice de volatilidad e índice de polarización, para establecer un criterio alternativo que ayude a entender la intención de voto de los electores dentro de los procesos electorales de la región.Palabras clave: teoría espacial del voto, Latinoamérica, modelo de proximidad, modelo direccional, “issues”.
El Partido de la Revolución Democrática en el Senado de la República: Análisis del éxito de sus iniciativas 2000-2012
Authors: Cortez Salinas Josafat , Salazar Rebolledo Grisel
Published: November 2023

El trabajo analiza al Partido de la Revolución Democrática (PRD) en el Senado de la Republica durante el periodo 2000-2012 para comprender el comportamiento de la izquierda en su faceta parlamentaria bajo la nueva dinámica legislativa en México. Buscamos explicar los factores que facilitan la aprobación de las iniciativas presentadas con las premisas básicas de la teoría de la elección racional para estudios congresionales. Se sostiene que un partido político tendrá más posibilidades de tener éxito en sus iniciativas de ley cuando cuente con mayores capacidades dentro de la Cámara, en términos de negociación y expertice técnica. Encontramos que en el caso del PRD existe una relación entre la presidencia de comisiones, la temática de las iniciativas vinculada a la ideología partidista, la relevancia de los temas dada por la coyuntura política.Palabras clave: Partido de la Revolución Democrática, Proceso legislativo, Senado en México.
A vueltas con las ONG: Perspectivas teóricas sobre su papel en el proceso político
Authors: Muñoz Márquez Luz M.
Published: November 2023

El escaso diálogo entre perspectivas teóricas complica un análisis sistemático sobre el papel de las ONG en el proceso político y más en concreto en las políticas públicas. El objetivo de este artículo es hacer una revisión de los diferentes enfoques sobre las ONG utilizados en la ciencia política y señalar algunas de las consecuencias de la fragmentación teórica. Se constata que las perspectivas de la sociedad civil, tercer sector, movimientos sociales y grupos de interés analizan esencialmente el mismo fenómeno: la acción colectiva a través de organizaciones de ciudadanos que defienden una causa concreta pero centrándose en diferentes aspectos de su función en el proceso político y en la definición de las políticas. Finalmente, se propone una definición operativa de las ONG a partir de los enfoques analizados.Palabras clave: ONG, sociedad civil, movimientos sociales, tercer sector, grupos de interés y políticas públicas.
Entendimiento Comunicativo de Niklas Luhmann, y Acción Comunicativa de Jürgen Habermas: Aportaciones en la teoria organizacional
Authors: Pont Vidal Josep
Published: November 2023

Describimos los conceptos centrales que configuran el paradigma entendimiento comunicativo de Niklas Luhmann, y la acción comunicativa de Jürgen Habermas, y su posibilidad de utilización en la teoría organizacional. La teoría de sistemas autorreferenciales manifiesta limitaciones al relegar aspectos antropológicos y ontológicos y situar al ser humano en el entorno del sistema. Como posibilidad de superar las limitaciones que aparecen en la teoría de sistemas autorreferenciales respecto a la inclusión antropológica, proponemos la idea de “autopoiesis reflexiva” y su utilización en las observaciones en la observación de las organizaciones e instituciones.Palabras clave: acción comunicativa; entendimiento comunicativo; autopoiesis; administración pública; metodología.
Gobernanza para la gobernabilidad. La construcción de “Fuerza Civil”, la nueva policía de Nuevo León
Authors: Mendoza Márquez Héctor , Montero Bagatella Juan Carlos
Published: November 2023

El siguiente trabajo expone el proceso de construcción de la nueva policía estatal de Nuevo León: Fuerza Civil. La importancia de la institución, radica en que ha sido reconocida como un ejemplo a nivel nacional y en la actualidad ya es replicada en varios estados de la república. En particular, el artículo destaca la formación de la Alianza por la Seguridad como un elemento fundamental para el diseño e implementación de la política de seguridad pública, en un ejercicio de gobernanza durante la peor crisis de gobernabilidad que ha atravesado el estado. Entre las principales aportaciones del trabajo se encuentran la descripción de la construcción de Fuerza Civil y el estudio de la Alianza por la Seguridad como mecanismo de gobernanza para la gobernabilidad de Nuevo León.Palabras clave: Fuerza Civil, Policía Estatal, Seguridad Pública, Gobernanza, Gobernabilidad
Rendimientos crecientes, trayectorias dependientes y el estudio de la política
Authors: Pierson Paul , Arcos Robledo Traductor: Héctor Sebastián
Published: November 2023

Es cada vez más común para los científicos sociales describir el proceso político como una “trayectoria dependiente” (path dependence). Sin embargo, a menudo el concepto es empleado sin una elaboración cuidadosa. Este artículo conceptualiza la trayectoria dependiente como un proceso social basado en una dinámica de “rendimientos crecientes”. Examinando la literatura reciente de la economía y sugiriendo su extensión al mundo de la política, el artículo demuestra que los procesos de rendimientos crecientes son claramente valiosos y que existen buenos fundamentos analíticos para explorar sus causas y consecuencias. La investigación de los rendimientos crecientes puede proporcionar un marco más riguroso para el desarrollo de algunas de las afirmaciones clave de la investigación reciente en el institucionalismo histórico, a saber: la importancia de los patrones específicos de tiempo y secuencia; una amplia gama de resultados sociales puede ser posible; grandes consecuencias pueden resultar de acontecimientos relativamente pequeños o contingentes; particulares cursos de acción, una vez introducidos, pueden ser casi imposibles de revertir; y, consecuentemente, el desarrollo político está marcado por momentos o coyunturas que configuran los contornos básicos de la vida social.Palabras clave: trayectorias de dependencia, rendimientos crecientes, desarrollo político, acción colectiva, instituciones.
Elecciones, miedo y democracia en México. Autoritarismo y violencia política
Authors: Vargas González Fernando
Published: November 2023

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los elementos simbólicos y materiales de la etapa electoral a través de casos y hechos de uso de estrategias de violencia política que afectaron el libre ejercicio de los derechos ciudadanos, como se reflejó en 2018 en la elección más violenta del país. Dentro del proceso de consolidación política inconclusa en México, la violencia política, que se expresa en diferentes formas y modalidades, erosiona la confianza y la gobernabilidad, y es un signo de riesgo para la consolidación de la democracia.Palabras clave: Democracia, Violencia política, Elecciones en México, Consolidación democrática, odio político Abstract The purpose of this paper is to analyze the symbolic and material elements of the electoral stage through cases and facts of political violence strategies that affected the free exercise of citizens’ rights, as reflected in 2018 in the most violent election of the country. Within the process of unfinished political consolidation in Mexico, political violence, expressed in different forms and modalities, erodes trust and governability, and is a sign of risk for the consolidation of democracy.Key words: Democracy, Political violence, Elections in Mexico, Democratic consolidation, political hatred
Desigualdad e inseguridad pública en la ciudad de Querétaro
Authors: Rojas Navarrete Daniel
Published: November 2023

El objetivo del artículo es analizar la relación entre desigualdad social con la victimización y percepción de inseguridad, de personas mayores de 18 años que residen en el municipio de Querétaro. La fuente de datos es la Encuesta Municipal de Victimización y Percepción de Inseguridad (EMVIPE), levantada en febrero y marzo de 2019 por la FCPyS de la UAQ y el equipo del observatorio ciudadano de seguridad pública del municipio de Querétaro. El documento se enfoca en observar cómo las ventajas y desventajas, producto de diferentes inversiones públicas y privadas de infraestructura en distintas zonas de la ciudad, se relacionan con el nivel de victimización y percepción de inseguridad. La principal aportación del trabajo se encuentra en la georreferencia de los delitos, en la medida que se ofrece un panorama sobre la inseguridad en la ciudad, lo cual permite ubicar con mejores herramientas el tipo de delitos que ocurren y en qué zonas.
A Network Model of the Modulation of γ Oscillations by NMDA Receptors in Cerebral Cortex
Authors: Susin Eduarda , Destexhe Alain
Published: November 2023

Psychotic drugs such as ketamine induce symptoms close to schizophrenia and stimulate the production of γ oscillations, as also seen in patients, but the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Here, we have used computational models of cortical networks generating γ oscillations, and have integrated the action of drugs such as ketamine to partially block NMDA receptors (NMDARs). The model can reproduce the paradoxical increase of γ oscillations by NMDA receptor antagonists, assuming that antagonists affect NMDA receptors with higher affinity on inhibitory interneurons. We next used the model to compare the responsiveness of the network to external stimuli, and found that when NMDA channels are blocked, an increase of γ power is observed altogether with an increase of network responsiveness. However, this responsiveness increase applies not only to γ states, but also to asynchronous states with no apparent γ. We conclude that NMDA antagonists induce an increased excitability state, which may or may not produce γ oscillations, but the response to external inputs is exacerbated, which may explain phenomena such as altered perception or hallucinations.
Developing a Toolbox of Antibodies Validated for Array Tomography-Based Imaging of Brain Synapses
Authors: Micheva Kristina D. , Gong Belvin , Collman Forrest , Weinberg Richard J. , Smith Stephen J. , Trimmer James S. , Murray Karl D.
Published: November 2023

Antibody (Ab)-based imaging techniques rely on reagents whose performance may be application specific. Because commercial antibodies are validated for only a few purposes, users interested in other applications may have to perform extensive in-house antibody testing. Here, we present a novel application-specific proxy screening step to efficiently identify candidate antibodies for array tomography (AT), a serial section volume microscopy technique for high-dimensional quantitative analysis of the cellular proteome. To identify antibodies suitable for AT-based analysis of synapses in mammalian brain, we introduce a heterologous cell-based assay that simulates characteristic features of AT, such as chemical fixation and resin embedding that are likely to influence antibody binding. The assay was included into an initial screening strategy to generate monoclonal antibodies that can be used for AT. This approach simplifies the screening of candidate antibodies and has high predictive value for identifying antibodies suitable for AT analyses. In addition, we have created a comprehensive database of AT-validated antibodies with a neuroscience focus and show that these antibodies have a high likelihood of success for postembedding applications in general, including immunogold electron microscopy. The generation of a large and growing toolbox of AT-compatible antibodies will further enhance the value of this imaging technique.
The Thalamocortical Mechanism Underlying the Generation and Regulation of the Auditory Steady-State Responses in Awake Mice
Authors: Li Jinhong , Li Zijie , Wang Xueru , Liu Yunhan , Wang Shuai , Wang Xuejiao , Li Yingna , Qin Ling
Published: November 2023

The auditory steady-state response (ASSR) is a cortical oscillation induced by trains of 40 Hz acoustic stimuli. While the ASSR has been widely used in clinic measurement, the underlying neural mechanism remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the contribution of different stages of auditory thalamocortical pathwaymedial geniculate body (MGB), thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN), and auditory cortex (AC)to the generation and regulation of 40 Hz ASSR in C57BL/6 mice of both sexes. We found that the neural response synchronizing to 40 Hz sound stimuli was most prominent in the GABAergic neurons in the granular layer of AC and the ventral division of MGB (MGBv), which were regulated by optogenetic manipulation of TRN neurons. Behavioral experiments confirmed that disrupting TRN activity has a detrimental effect on the ability of mice to discriminate 40 Hz sounds. These findings revealed a thalamocortical mechanism helpful to interpret the results of clinical ASSR examinations.

Significance Statement
Our study contributes to clarifying the thalamocortical mechanisms underlying the generation and regulation of the auditory steady-state response (ASSR), which is commonly used in both clinical and neuroscience research to assess the integrity of auditory function. Combining a series of electrophysiological and optogenetic experiments, we demonstrate that the generation of cortical ASSR is dependent on the lemniscal thalamocortical projections originating from the ventral division of medial geniculate body to the GABAergic interneurons in the granule layer of the auditory cortex. Furthermore, the thalamocortical process for ASSR is strictly regulated by the activity of thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) neurons. Behavioral experiments confirmed that dysfunction of TRN would cause a disruption of mice's behavioral performance in the auditory discrimination task.
Truthiness, Alternative Facts, and Ersatz Truths
Authors: Murphy Olivia E.
Published: November 2023

In this paper, Truthiness, a mixed-media artwork by contemporary artist Andrea Carlson (Grand Portage Ojibwe), is utilized as a case study to illustrate the contexts for Carlson’s repeated artistic engagement with “cultural cannibalism.” Specifically, in Truthiness, from Carlson’s Windigo Series, the artist confronts settler colonizers’ historical labeling of Native Americans as “cannibals” and their own past and ongoing cultural cannibalization in the United States. As Carlson notes, this consumption ranges from opportunistic museum acquisitions to the roles of settlers in the 1862 Dakota Uprising. To analyze Carlson’s work, an iconographical and semiotics approach centered around the concept of symbolic anthropophagy is taken; as her utilization of many layered references demonstrates, Carlson herself engages in a form of cultural cannibalism through her appropriation and use of readily identifiable symbols and artworks in her work. As a whole, this paper aims to emphasize how, in Truthiness, Carlson flips visually the historical narrative that labeled Indigenous peoples as cannibals to label settler colonizers as windigos, insatiable monsters who consume without consequence.
On the (Bi)partisan Pleasures of Outrage in the Immigration “Debate”
Authors: Varner Deena
Published: November 2023

This essay examines how left-of-center media reporters and commentators responded to US Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) raids and Mississippi’s criminalization of migrant workers in their aftermath. These responses focused largely on the moral or ethical implications of detaining, arresting, and deporting the migrant workers involved in the case, often by crafting a tightly woven image of the innocence of these particular migrants and, even more so, of their children. As a result, public discourse about the politics of immigration enforcement and its relationship to criminality and citizenship were reduced to an ostensibly apolitical and ideologically neutral appeal that cannot be contested: to protect children. The innocence of children was also coupled with the giddy criminalization of those who “torture” them, namely Donald Trump. These dual constructions—an innocence that marks one as socially valuable and a criminality that marks one as monstrous—produce a moral absolutism that undermines an otherwise rational political project whose core tenets are diversity and multiculturalism. Outrage and grievance directed against criminality, even when aimed at political enemies, upholds the moral foundations of racist and xenophobic hatred that has been used to justify the disproportionate policing, surveillance, and incarceration of people of color.
Fabrication of lead oxide nanoparticles by green synthesis method for photovoltaic applications
Authors:   Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Science / Ibn Al-Haitham, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq, Salih A. A. , Abad W. K. ,   Applied Physics Branch, Department of Applied Science, University of Technology, Iraq, Fadaam S. A. ,   Ministry of Education, Directorate General for Education, Baghdad AL-Rusafa /1, Baghdad, Iraq, Hussein B. H. ,   Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Science / Ibn Al-Haitham, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: November 2023

PbO NPs have been prepared by green synthesis. The diffraction patterns of α-PbO-NPs are shown by the XRD pattern, and the β-PbO-NPs have proven the tetragonal and orthorhombic structure. PbO has an optical energy gap of 4.2 eV. The FT-IR observed bond at 676 cm-1 attributed to the existence of PbO stretch. Nanoparticals with spherical and semi-spherical shapes are formed, as seen in the SEM image. The average particle size was under 100 nm. Fabrication and characterization of a high performance Ag/PbO/PSi/pSi/Ag heterojunction photodetector. The photodetector's responsivity was 0.7 A/W at 850 nm. The maximum detectivity and quantum efficiency spectra 1.009 ×1013 at 850 nm and 3×102 at 200nm which indicates that PbO NPs made using this technique have a good chance of being used to create porous silicon photodetectors with high performance heterojunctions.
Real‐time analysis of the cancer genome and fragmentome from plasma and urine cell‐free DNA using nanopore sequencing
Authors: van der Pol Ymke , Tantyo Normastuti Adhini , Evander Nils , Hentschel Anouk E , Wever Birgit MM , Ramaker Jip , Bootsma Sanne , Fransen Marieke F , Lenos Kristiaan J , Vermeulen Louis , Schneiders Famke L , Bahce Idris , Nieuwenhuijzen Jakko A , Steenbergen Renske DM , Pegtel D Michiel , Moldovan Norbert , Mouliere Florent
Published: November 2023

Cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) can be isolated and sequenced from blood and/or urine of cancer patients. Conventional short‐read sequencing lacks deployability and speed and can be biased for short cfDNA fragments. Here, we demonstrate that with Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) sequencing we can achieve delivery of genomic and fragmentomic data from liquid biopsies. Copy number aberrations and cfDNA fragmentation patterns can be determined in less than 24 h from sample collection. The tumor‐derived cfDNA fraction calculated from plasma of lung cancer patients and urine of bladder cancer patients was highly correlated (R = 0.98) with the tumor fraction calculated from short‐read sequencing of the same samples. cfDNA size profile, fragmentation patterns, fragment‐end composition, and nucleosome profiling near transcription start sites in plasma and urine exhibited the typical cfDNA features. Additionally, a high proportion of long tumor‐derived cfDNA fragments (> 300 bp) are recovered in plasma and urine using ONT sequencing. ONT sequencing is a cost‐effective, fast, and deployable approach for obtaining genomic and fragmentomic results from liquid biopsies, allowing the analysis of previously understudied cfDNA populations.
ІННОВАЦІЙНІ ПІДХОДИ В РОЗВИТКУ РЕГІОНАЛЬНОГО ТУРИЗМУ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ МАРКЕТИНГОВИХ ПРОЄКТІВ
Authors: TKACHIVSKA INNA , HUMENIUK HALYNA , HUMENYUK ANDRIJ
Published: November 2023

У статті проведено аналіз розвитку туризму та туристичних кластерів (зокрема кластерів сільського туризму) в Івано-Франківській області; запропоновано перспективні напрями розвитку туризму в області шляхом створення кластерів; удосконалено обґрунтування сутності туристичних кластерів; окреслено основні проблеми сучасної регіональної політики розвитку кластерних ініціатив. У подальшому розкрито вплив кластерних ініціатив на соціально-економічний розвиток України та області зокрема. Представлено розвиток сільського зеленого туризму в регіоні, розробку маркетингових проєктів і стратегій щодо просування різноманітних видів відпочинку, пропонованих на цій території, а також участь у грантових програмах розвитку. Проаналізовано кластер сільського туризму "Бойківський колорит" та основні його характеристики.
ОЦІНКА ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ІННОВАЦІЙНИХ ПІДХОДІВ У ФОРМУВАННІ ФАХОВОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ ВЧИТЕЛІВ МУЗИЧНОГО МИСТЕЦТВА
Authors: SHYMAN IRYNA
Published: November 2023

Автор досліджує проблему ефективності інноваційних підходів у формуванні фахової компетентності вчителів музичного мистецтва, що безпосередньо позначається на їх  педагогічній діяльності. Наголошується на тому, які саме компетентності мають бути притаманні вчителям музичного мистецтва; робиться акцент на загальноосвітніх компетентностях.

У статті здійснений аналіз застосування інноваційних підходів у формуванні фахової компетентності вчителів музичного мистецтва; охарактеризовано роботи вчених, котрі досліджували дане питання; виокремлено перспективи подальших напрацювань автора.
Improved drainage of LNFC-reinforced recycled pulp and mechanical properties of end papers by the zeolite-chitosan microparticle drainage aid system
Authors: Milani Homa Sayadi , Rahmaninia Mehdi , Li Bin
Published: November 2023

Good drainage of the pulp suspension is vitally important for stable papermaking. Although the addition of lignocellulosic nanofibers (LNFC) in pulp could highly reinforce the end paper sheets, the application of LNFC could diminished the pulp drainage. To solve this problem, the impact of the zeolite-chitosan and bentonite-chitosan microparticle drainage aid systems on the LNFC-reinforced recycled pulp was systematically investigated. Results indicated that the mentioned microparticle systems improved the drainage and retention especially in applying 1% chitosan with 0.3% zeolite. In mechanical properties, applying the microparticle systems, not only did not deteriorate these properties, but also improved most of them, especially in treatment containing zeolite-chitosan. It seems that the improved pulp drainage and the mechanical properties of the end papers was due to successful mission of microparticle system and synergistic interactions of pulp fibres, LNFC, chitosan, and zeolite, which could also lead to denser and more uniform structure of handsheets.
Association of Predisposing Factors of Diabetes with six Stages of Disease Progression in Ayurveda (Shatkriyakala): A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study
Authors: Sharma Meenakshi , Nayak AP , Mandal Sisir Kumar , Rai Shalini , More Anand
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Diabetes has emerged as a global health crisis. It not only causes morbidity and mortality figures but deteriorates quality of life, national productivity and economic burden too. Besides this, no major advancement has been made for early diagnosis and prevention of diabetes. Clinical Staging of morbidity has been depicted in classical texts of Ayurveda modelled on pathogenesis.) This type of classification can serve as the basis of levelled and precise preventive interventions.  Thus, identification of cases pertaining to each stage of pathogenesis based on validated parameters is a prerequisite. This research is a preliminary work on validation of clinical staging. This Ayurveda system of staging method can serve as a holistic model of prevention as it includes variable responsible host factors, etiology, risk factor stratification and grading of pathological state. Aim: The present study aimed to explore the six stage pathogonomic model SKK (Shat kriyakala and its relevance in tracking pathogenesis at preclinical stages. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional trial was conducted in forty- two subjects. Study participants were subjected to a questionnaire (Q2) to assess clinical features in latent and clinical stages of Prameha (~ Diabetes Mellitus) and biomarkers (CRP and Serum cortisol).Result: The mean score of SKK questionnaire was found maximum with the corresponding stages designed on the basis of predisposing factors and laboratory parameters.Conclusion: It can be inferred from the study that SKK may act as a tool to check pathogenesis at an early stage. The model may act as a potential paradigm for preventing diabetes risk as well as preventive care from a public health perspective.