bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Job Burnout and Its Related Factors Among Surgical Technologists
Authors:   Surgical Technology (MSc), Department of Operating Room, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran., Mohammadi Sara , Hanani Sedigheh ,   Nursing (MSc), Department of Operating Room, School of Paramedical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Amiri Fardin ,   Nursing (MSc), Department of Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Azadi Nimamali ,   Biostatistics (PhD), Department of Operating Room, School of Nursing Sciences, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran., Kamali Nasrin ,   Surgical Technology (MSc), Department of Operating Room, School of Nursing Sciences, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran.
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Job burnout is a long-term response to job-related emotional and interpersonal stressors. These stressors are associated with individual, interpersonal, and organizational factors. Objective: This study aimed to determine the degree of burnout and its related factors among surgical technologists. Materials and Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in hospitals affiliated with the Iran University of Medical Sciences. A total of 125 surgical technologists were recruited by stratified sampling method. The study data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and then analyzed by the independent t-test, 1-way analysis of variance, and multiple linear regression with a simultaneous model. Results: More than half of the participants (52%) were in the age group of fewer than 30 years. The Mean±SD scores of job burnout in terms of intensity and frequency were 47. 88±17.5 and 47. 95±17.42, respectively. The mean job burnout scores of the majority of surgical technologists in dimensions of emotional exhaustion (intensity), depersonalization (intensity and frequency), and reduced personal accomplishment (intensity and frequency) were at a low level, but it was at a moderate level in the dimension of emotional exhaustion (frequency) among more than half of them. Through a multiple regression, the identified predictors of job burnout (frequency) were education level (β=9.377, 95%CI; 1.618-17.136, P<0.05) and work experience (β=-21.091, 95%CI; -38.201- -3.980, P<0.05). Meanwhile, education level (β=8.320, 95%CI; 0.568- 16.073, P<0.05), work experience (β=-30.976, 95%CI; -54.715 - -7.236, P<0.05), and hours of night shifts per month (β=-10.660, 95%CI; -18.205- -3.115, P=0.01) predicted job burnout (intensity). Conclusion: The job burnout of more than half of surgical technologists in the dimension of emotional exhaustion (frequency) was at a moderate level. Novice workers and operating room BScs suffered more from job burnout than those with an Associate degree and experienced workers. In this regard, healthcare and planner providers must pay attention to operating room BScs, especially novice workers.
Genetic polymorphism of ALDH2 in Indonesia’s Minang ethnic
Authors: Sadikin Abdul Halim , Dian Irene , Mukharjon Mukharjon , Puspitaningtum Rini , Wanandi Septelia Inawati
Published: January 2022

Background: In some people, acetaldehyde, a toxic product from ethanol oxidation, cannot be oxidized to acetate. The excess of acetaldehyde could cause facial flushing, dizziness, and hypertension when they consume ethanol. This ethanol sensitivity is caused by a deficiency of ALDH2.

Objective: This study aims to analyze and count the polymorphism frequency of the ALDH2 gene in Indonesia’s Minang ethnic.

Methods: DNA samples were taken randomly from hair bulbous of 60 subjects (male and female, 3rd generation). A nested polymerase chain reaction was conducted to amplify the ALDH2 in the samples. Afterward, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) was conducted to the amplicons using the EcoRI restriction enzyme. The measured parameters were the distribution of the wildtype, atypical homozygote, and heterozygote.

Results: Results showed that out of 60 subjects, 53.33% have an atypical homozygote gene (subjects prone to hypersensitive to alcohol), 28.33% have a heterozygote gene, and 18.33% have a wildtype gene. The frequency of the atypical alleles in Minang ethnic is 0.675.

Conclusion: The atypical ALDH2 allele was much higher than the normal ALDH2 allele, in which most participants have atypical homozygote ALDH2, suggesting the samples are sensitive to alcohol.
A Peer Related Factors Affecting the Provision of Psychosocial Support to Vulnerable Learners: A Case of Selected Secondary Schools in Amathole District in South Africa
Authors: CHINYAMA Nyarai , SIBANDA Octavia , CHAMISA Shingirayi , TIRIVANGASI Happy Mathew
Published: January 2022

School-based peer groups have been identified as a popular and effective method   of providing health education and psychosocial support in schools. Children in developing countries as well as some of the poorest children in developing countries like South Africa face daily risks related to poverty, street crime and violence, poor health, lack or low-quality housing, inadequate and ineffective schools. These children and their families live in crisis which render them vulnerable. Thus, this study noted that there is an increase in social and emotional challenges and several risk factors for vulnerable learners globally and South Africa is not an exception. The incidence of child vulnerability and psychosocial support services have not been studied thoroughly in South Africa yet it is recognized widely that there is an increase in child stress and depression. Much of the psychosocial support services are provided by children themselves in terms of peer education groups. However, much of the research that is currently available on children relies on the reports of teachers and parents. This study learnt from literature that adults consistently underreport the effectiveness of these peer led groups in schools. Following this, the study took a qualitative approach using multiple case studies of 4 secondary schools with children as part of the participants.  Pre-coded research instruments were administered to 4 teacher coordinators, 4 peer leaders, 1 district official and 1 learner support agent supervisor. Documents were also analyzed in the form of minutes of the meetings held, learner support agents report and registers. The study found that shortage of resources such as, counselling rooms, transport, attitudes of teachers and parents towards peer led programs, lack of training and cooperation of parents still hampered the progress of peer led programs. The study therefore concluded that there were still a lot of challenges faced by vulnerable children in schools because they were not accessed by their peers due to lack of resources, training, shortage of time and negative attitudes from adults towards children’s lives attitudes from adults towards children’s lives. The study recommends that peer led groups be part of the large school curriculum with a specific budget to sustain the needs of the peer led groups. The study indicated that there were no networking opportunities amongst peer-led groups due to lack of time, yet this is very important to all successful organizations of a peer group nature. The participants also revealed that peers are better placed if they had counselling rooms, time tabled services, positive attitudes from parents and long-term  training on peer counselling.
Teachers’ Opinions on the Competency of Primary School Administrators in Kosovo
Authors: BRINA Nuri , ERKILIÇ Turan Akman
Published: January 2022

In this study, it is aimed to determine the teachers’ opinions on the school administrators’ competency in Kosovo, who work at primary schools. The data of the study were collected in the 2020-2021 academic year by using the School Administrators Competencies Inventory (SACI). In the analysis of the data, findings were obtained by using statistical analyses such as Correlation, T-test and MANOVA. Based on the findings, it was found that the school administrators' competencies inventory is adequate in all dimensions. No significant difference was found based on the variables of the teachers' opinions, gender and educational level. A significant difference was found in the dimensions of preparing a convenient school building and environment and professional service as a result of the ethnic analysis.  A significant difference was found in the dimension of the curriculum development under the views on the school administrators’ competency based on age. Based on the results, it is recommended that school administrators can be encouraged to engage in personal and administrative activities and provide more opportunities, with a central systemic support, in order to have more positive effects on their competencies.
The Impact of Logistics on Marketing Margin in the Philippine Agricultural Sector
Authors: Quintana Angelica Anne , Chong Micaella , Cordova Ma. Lexa , Camaro,M.A. Peter Jeff
Published: January 2022

The logistics industry is a fundamental aspect of fulfilling the supply chain in agriculture. Agricultural farmers in the Philippines often use the services of middlemen to transact on their behalf since these intermediaries possess better information, and engaging in logistics affects the marketing margin in the process. Frequently, logistics costs cause marketing margin to increase, leading to high farm-retail prices of agricultural goods. This paper examines if the existence of middlemen improves farmers' wages even with the additional logistics costs incurred. The variables' secondary data were all gathered from the Philippine Statistics Authority, and its annual frequency spanned the period of 1995 to 2019. Using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression analysis procedure and diagnostic tests prove that logistics cost negatively affects marketing margin while farmers' wages have a positive relationship. The findings of this study address the presence of a longer supply chain, asymmetric information, technology, storage and facilities, and added logistics costs in agricultural transactions. Although middlemen have greater market power than the farmers, these mediators are still affected by the changes in the logistics costs since it is unavoidable for them to reduce the price due to the need to competitively sell the commodities.
DANA PIHAK KETIGA PADA PERBANKAN SYARIAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Budi Gautama Siregar
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh equivalent rate, inflasi dan likuiditas terhadap dana pihak ketiga pada perbankan syariah di Indonesia periode 2015-2019. Populasi penelitian adalah laporan keuangan perbankan syariah dengan periode bulanan dari tahun 2015-2019. Dengan teknik sampling jenuh ditentukan jumlah sampel sebanyak 60 bulan. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah studi dokumentasi yaitu laporan keuangan perbankan syariah di Indonesia yang dipublikasikan oleh Otoritas Jasa Keuangan dan Bank Indonesia. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan analisis regresi berganda dengan bantuan aplikasi SPSS. Temuan penelitian yaitu equivalent rate berpengaruh terhadap dana pihak ketiga, inflasi tidak berpengaruh terhadap dana pihak ketiga dan  Likuiditas berpengaruh terhadap dana pihak ketiga
PENGARUH PELAYANAN, IKLAN DAN PUBLISITAS TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN NASABAH DALAM MENABUNG DI BANK BRI SYARIAH
Authors: Shelly Midesia  , Fatimah Siti , Fahriansah
Published: January 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of service, advertising, and publicity on customer decisions in saving at BRI Syariah Bank. The sampling method in this study using random sampling with a total sample of 100 customers of Bank BRI Syariah Stabat Langkat Regency. The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the partially tested research show that service and advertising have a significant effect on customer decisions to save at BRI Syariah Bank, while publicity has no significant effect on customer decisions in saving at BRI Syariah Bank. Simultaneous testing shows that service, advertising, and publicity have a significant effect on customer decisions in saving at BRI Syariah Bank
ANALISIS FLYPAPER EFFECT PADA DANA ALOKASI UMUM DAN PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH TERHADAP BELANJA DAERAH DI PROVINSI ACEH
Authors: Yani Rizal  , Safuridar  , Muhammad Ayub Siregar
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya pengaruh DAU dan PAD terhadap Belanja Daerah dan apakah terjadi Flypaper Effect pada Belanja Daerah di Provinsi Aceh. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder yang bersumber dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan persamaan regresi linier berganda, uji t, uji F dan Koefisien determinasi (R2). Hasil penelitian diperoleh persamaan Y= 3,88 + 2,0463logX1 + 3,1499logX2. Nilai konstanta sebesar 3,88 artinya apabila nilai DAU dan PAD tidak mengalami perubahan, maka Belanja Daerah Provinsi Aceh sebesar 3,88 satuan. Nilai koefisien DAU sebesar 2,0463 berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Belanja Daerah. Nilai koefisien PAD sebesar 3,1499 berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Belanja Daerah. Koefisien determinasi (R2) adalah 0,9783 atau sama dengan 97,83%. Sedangkan sisanya 2,17% dijelaskan oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti. Hasil analisis Flypaper Effect: koefisien DAU sebesar 2,0463 lebih besar dari koefisien PAD sebesar 3,1499 dimana memiliki arti bahwa tidak terjadi flypaper effect pada Belanja Daerah di Provinsi Aceh.
High Flow Nasal Canula (HFNC) In COVID-19 Associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (CARDS)
Authors: Sommeng Faisal Salahuddin , Arif Syafri Kamsul , Hisbullah Hisbullah , Rum Muhammad
Published: January 2022

Pasien COVID-19 related Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (CARDS) dengan gejala ARDS sedang hingga berat memerlukan Invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) dan memiliki prognosis yang buruk dengan angka ARDS sekitar 75% serta 63% menerima Invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) dengan tingkat kematian 59% . Tingginya angka kematian pasien CARDS mendapat terapi invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) menyebabkan para praktisi kesehatan berusaha untuk menunda intubasi dan ventilasi mekanik secara dini sehingga Non Invasive Ventilation Mechanic (NIV), CPAP dan HFNC menjadi alternatif terapi dalam penanganan CARDS. Kasus: Perempuan usia 49 tahun, masuk ICU dengan diagnosa POH-4 Craniectomy evakuasi tumor sphenoid, Sepsis Syok dan Covid-19 terkonfirmasi. Pada pemeriksaan didapatkan hipoksemia dengan ARDS berat P/F ratio 112.1 mmHg dan gambaran pneumonia dextra dan efusi pleura dextra.  Sebelum pindah ke ICU Covid, pasien mendapatkan terapi HFNC FiO2 40% dengan flow 35 L/menit, RR 25, Saturasi 95%, ROX index 9,5. Pemeriksaan laboratorium didapatkan Wbc : 7.800/L, Hb: 8,1mg/dl, Plt : 131.000/mm3, Bilirubin total 1,3 mg/dl, bilirubin direct 0,83 mg/dl, Na/K/cl : 143/2,9/111, Procalcitonin : 11.2. Kesimpulan: Terapi oksigen dengan HFNC pada CARDS sedang sampai berat menjadi pilihan bijaksana dimana terapi HFNC dapat menunda intubasi dan IMV dengan outcome yang baik. Sebagaimana Surviving Sepsis/Society of Critical Care Medicine merekomendasikan HFNC sebagai pendekatan lini pertama.
Uji Aktivitas Bakteri Salmonella Thypii pada Sayuran Lalapan Kemangi (Ocimum Sanctum L) Secara In Vitro
Authors: Munawir Andi Muhammad , Basir Anastasia
Published: January 2022

Keamanan pangan menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan yang perlu diperhatikan karena konsumsi pangan yang tercemar oleh mikroorganisme atau bahan kimia yang dapat menyebabkan suatu penyakit yang disebut foodborne disease. Daun kemangi mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri salah satunya Salmonella typhii. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya bakteri Salmonella typhii pada sayuran lalapan kemangi (Ocimum sanctum L) menggunakan pengujian Biokimia. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Hasanuddin Makassar. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah rancangan eksperimental dengan teknik probability sampling berjumlah 10 sampel pada 10 lokasi berbeda di pasar Kota Makassar, dilakukan dengan identifikasi bakteri menggunakan medium selektif, kemudian isolasi bakteri dengan medium SSA dan medium NA, kemudian dilakukan uji Biokimia kemudian dilakukan pewarnaan gram. Sampel yang teridentifikasi bakteri Salmonella typhii dilakukan uji daya hambat dengan medium MHA dan antibiotik, selanjutnya dilakukan pengukuran zona hambat yang terbentuk dengan menggunakan jangka sorong. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 10 sampel dengan kode S1-S10, didapatkan pada sampel S1 terdapat bakteri Salmonella typhii. Kesimpulan bahwa terdapat bakteri Salmonella typhii pada sayuran lalapan kemangi yang diambil di pasar Kota Makassar.
SOROTAN LITERATUR IMPLEMENTASI ḤAḌĀNAH DI MAHKAMAH SYARIAH MALAYSIA
Authors: Mohamad Naimah , Najibah Mohd Zin  , Sitiris Miszairi
Published: January 2022

ABSTRAK

Ḥaḍānah atau hak penjagaan anak ini merupakan satu isu yang sering timbul setelah berlakunya penceraian sehingga hari ini. Pelbagai inisiatif dijalankan oleh pihak berautoriti seperti Mahkamah Tinggi Syariah, Jabatan Kehakiman Syariah Malaysia (JKSM) dan Majlis Agama Islam bagi setiap negeri di Malaysia bagi mengatasi masalah ini. Hal ini kerana, isu ini melibatkan kebajikan kanak-kanak Muslim yang terkesan daripada penceraian begitu juga hak anggota keluarga yang lain iaitu ibu dan bapa yang perlu dititikberatkan. Jesteru, sorotan literatur ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti isu-isu berbangkit, perkembangan dan hala tuju penyelesaian Mahkamah Syariah dalam isu haḍānah ini. Kajian ini berbentuk kualitatif dengan mengambil pendekatan analisis kandungan secara deskriptif dengan menilai fakta dan hujah dari pelbagai sumber primer dan sekunder yang berkaitan dengan kajian. Hasil tinjauan mendapati, terdapat beberapa isu berbangkit di Mahkamah Syariah seperti kewujudan Konvensyen Antarabangsa memberi kesan kepada Undang-undang Keluarga Islam, pengamalan hak penjagaan tunggal yang bermasalah, ketiadaan tafsiran khusus untuk kebajikan kanak-kanak Muslim, isu penentuan agama kanak-kanak bagi ibu bapa yang berbeza agama dalam ḥaḍānah, isu peruntukkan ḥaḍānah dianggap bias kepada wanita. Kajian ini juga mengenalpasti perkembangan positif dalam penyelesaian kes haḍānah dari sudut pengaplikasiannya iaitu cadangan konsep maslahah sebagai kayu ukur kebajikan kanak-kanak, pemberian hak bersama kepada ibu bapa, fungsi sulh dalam ḥaḍānah, cadangan penubuhan Mahkamah Keluarga, penglibatan pakar kanak-kanak dalam pelbagai disiplin. Walau bagaimanapun, secara umumnya terdapat sebahagian cadangan ini masih ada yang belum dijalankan dan masih di tahap penilaian.  Maka, kajian ini mencadangkan aspek-aspek ini perlu dikaji dan panduan khusus perlu dibentuk dan diharmonikan berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip kebajikan haḍānah bagi mencapai Maqāṣid Al-Sharī ̒ah disebalik hukum ini bersesuaian dengan tuntutan peredaran zaman, masa dan sosial di Malaysia.

Kata Kunci: Haḍānah; Hak Jagaan Anak; Mahkamah Tinggi Syariah; Undang-undang Keluarga Islam
An Analytical Study of Women Objectification in “In Other Rooms, Other Wonders
Authors: Arshad Faheem
Published: January 2022

The objectification of women is a communal problem in every developed and underdeveloped society of the world. Women make a major population of the world and serve society in multidimensional modes, but still, they are considered feeble to men. The subject of women objectification has remained the focus of various researchers globally. This research focused on three short stories drawn from “In Other Rooms, Other Wonders” of Daniyal Mueenuddin to bring forward disparities and inequalities prevailing in the patriarchal society of Pakistan. Additionally, it investigated the impact of these inequalities and injustices on the downtrodden women of Pakistan. The objectification of women is such discrimination that women are subjected to undergo in a patriarchal social setup. This study analyzes the objectification of women through the lenses of female characters selected from three short stories. This study uses the theoretical frameworks of Martha Nussbaum and Rae Langton’s to draw outcomes for this study. Study findings exhibit that female characters undergo objectification and are treated as things by males in the male-dominated strata of Pakistan.

Keywords: Women objectification, gender, patriarchy, oppression, feminism
Cultural Maintenance in the Face of Language Shift- Young Sindhi Muslims in Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Abassi M. Hassan
Published: January 2022

The Sindhi language, a descendent of a pre-Vedic Prakit language is the most widely spoken language in South Asia. Sindhi speech community comprises both Muslims, and Hindus which have distinct cultural and religious practices, yet they are socially connected because of the geographical link with their land. However, due to the partitioning of the Indian sub-continent, many Sindhi Hindus migrated to India, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, the United Kingdom, Hong Kong, and many other countries. There has not only been an external diaspora but within Pakistan, there has also been an internal diaspora of younger Sindhi Muslims who have moved to cities like Karachi, Hyderabad, and Sukkur to pursue tertiary education. These young speakers have acquired and learned the dominant languages Urdu and English as their second and third languages while shifting away from their native Sindhi language. This study investigates the identity markers which have enabled them to retain their Sindhiness[1]. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 male and female young Sindhis and shadow observation of three participants in Karachi. The analysis shows that young Sindhi speakers have a high sense of group solidarity with their community and retain the use of culturally loaded identity markers which include naming patterns, cuisine, dressing, music, customs, rituals, social values, and networking. According to Fishman (1996), there is a deep relationship between language and culture. Despite a shift away from the habitual use of the Sindhi language these respondents have maintained their cultural values and norms.

Keywords: cultural maintenance, language shift, Sindhi community, Karachi
Impact of Persian Sufi Thoughts on D. H. Lawrence’s Writing
Authors: Khan Dolat
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we have argued that Lawrence’s interest in what is ancient wisdom brings him in direct or indirect contact with Sufi metaphysics. This outlook on the world brings him closer to a Sufi universe in two ways. Firstly, Lawrence portrays romantic relationships in a mystical language, he presents the sensuous relationships as sacred activities through which the characters aspire to self-discovery. Lawrence`s portrayal of romantic love corresponds with the higher concept of love in Sufi literature. Secondly, this paper takes a closer look at some of Lawrence’s spiritual works including his Study of Thomas Hardy to compare his sustained argument regarding spiritualism and transcendental motifs in comparison with Sufi cosmology. Moreover, the following discussion also includes a detailed engagement with Lawrence`s correspondence and biographical information of the time when Lawrence was writing his essays and novels which contain transcendental motifs. His correspondence and biographical information suggest he had some direct exposure to Sufi literature in translation.

Keywords: mysticism, divinity, holistic vision, physical and spiritual connection, cosmology, transcendental, metaphysics, ontology
Job Insecurity and Turnover Intentions among Banking Sector Employees: The Moderating Role of Organizational Support and Ethical Leadership
Authors: Addai Prince , Mottey Rejoice , Afrifah Michelle , Osei Boakye Augustine
Published: January 2022

Purpose - Job insecurity exerts a significant impact on turnover intentions among employees. The association may be partly due to the influence of organizational support and the ethicality of leaders. However, there is a shortage of studies on the ameliorating role of organizational support and ethical leadership in the nexus between job insecurity and turnover intentions. Thus, the purpose of this study is to examine the nexus between job insecurity and turnover intentions among banking sector employees. The moderating role of organizational support and ethical leadership on the underlying relationship was assessed to achieve this.
Design/methodology/approach – One hundred and sixty (160) banking sector employees were conveniently selected to participate in the study. The sample consisted of female (n = 92) and male (n = 68) employees, ranging from 23 to 49 years. Standardized measures were used in soliciting respondents' demographic characteristics, perceived job insecurity, ethical leadership, organizational support, and turnover intentions. Data were analyzed using regression analysis.
Findings – Results revealed a significant positive correlation between perceived job insecurity and turnover intentions. Organizational support and ethical leadership also moderated the association between job insecurity and turnover intentions. The influence of job insecurity on turnover intentions minimizes when management provides the needed support and favorable climatic conditions.
Originality/value – In general, the study highlights the importance of organizational support and ethical leadership in lessening the impact of job insecurity on turnover intentions.
Time for an individualized approach to first-line management of follicular lymphoma
Authors: Cartron Guillaume , Trotman Judith
Published: January 2022

Follicular lymphoma is a heterogeneous B-cell lymphoma both in presentation and at progression. For most patients it is a chronic, relapsing indolent disease with overall survival expectations now potentially beyond 20 years. However, in a significant minority (~20%) who experience early progression or histological transformation after treatment, the disease no longer has an indolent behavior. This review looks at the development of prognostic indices, staging and therapies for follicular lymphoma, identifying where the data can, and cannot, guide the multidisciplinary team to determine an individualized approach to first-line therapy. A nuanced patient- and disease-specific approach is necessary to maximize disease response and survival while minimizing therapeutic toxicity.
Evolution of sexual dimorphism in the plateau brown frog fails to obey Rensch’s rule
Authors: Yu Tong Lei
Published: January 2022

Rensch’s rule describes sexual size dimorphism (SSD) that decreases with increasing body size when females are larger than males and SSD that increases when males are larger than females. The plateau brown frog Rana kukunoris, a species endemic to the eastern Tibetan Plateau, exhibits female-biased size dimorphism. Using data on body size from 26 populations and age from 21 populations, we demonstrated that SSD did not increase with increasing mean female snout-vent length (SVL) when controlling for sex-specific age structure, failing to support the Rensch’s rule. Thus, we suggest that fecundity selection (favouring large female size) balances out sexual selection (favouring large male size), which results in a similar divergence between males and females body size. In addition, sex-specific age differences explained most of the variation of SSD across populations.
Anthropometric Measurements to Predict NICU Admission for Infants of Diabetic Mothers
Authors: Celik Fatma Cakmak , Aygun Canan , Tumer Guzin , Kucukoduk Sukru , Bek Yuksel
Published: January 2022

Aim: Can NICU admission of IDM be predicted by anthropometric measurements like birth weight, lenght, head circumference (HC), mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) or triceps skin fold thickness (TSFT).
Method: Eighty-six-term IDMs were analyzed prospectively. MUAC, HC and TSFT were measured within 48 hours of life. Prenatal-natal-postnatal problems; NICU admission; maternal characteristics, HbA1c were recorded.
Results: Mean birth weight, gestational age were 3453.3±582.4g and 38.0±0.97weeks. 63.9% of IDMs was admitted to NICU. 56.3% hospitalized due respiratory problems; 32,7 % required endotracheal intubation. Mean MUAC, TSFT, HC and MUAC/HC ratio were 11.2±1.1 cm, 7.1±2.2 mm, 35.0±1.8 cm and 0.32±0.03 cm respectively for all. Although there was no significant relation between NICU admission and MUAC (p=0.071), TSFT and MUAC/HC were significantly higher in babies admitted to NICU (p=0.006 for TSFT, p<0.001 for MUAC/HC). HC was significantly low in babies followed in NICU (P<0.001). With increment of TSFT, MUAC/HC and HbA1c, NICU admission increases positively, but HC affects NICU admission negatively (OR for TSFT:1.6, OR for MUAC/HC: 2.1, OR for HbA1c: OR for HC:0,3). Mechanic ventilation requirement is affected positively by TSFT (p=0.008, OR:1.5) and affected negatively by HC (p=0.004, OR:0.6).
Conclusion: This preliminary study showed; TSFT, HC and MUAC/HC ratio are helpful criterias to predict NICU admission risk for IDMs and might be helpful for risk assesment in limited settings.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 21(1) 2022 Page : 72-78
Metabolic syndrome and chronic heart failure: a modern aspect of the problem
Authors: Fedorova Tatiana , Semenenko Natalya , Tazina Serafima , Mamonov Alexander , Sotnikova Tatiana
Published: January 2022

Objective: The increase of morbidity results from both an increase of life expectancy of the population, and influence of various risk factors contributing to development and increase of chronic heart failure (CHF). The combination of several atherogenic mechanisms (abdominal obesity (AO), insulin resistance (IR), arterial hypertension (AH), hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia), combined as “metabolic syndrome” (MS), causes a more rapid development of CHF.
Materials and methods: The research finding of 74 patients with class II-III of CHF, including 37 patients (50%) with MS, are presented. The age structure of the pathology, severity of clinical course, data of laboratory and instrumental examination in various groups of patients were evaluated. A special program included an echocardiographic test with an assessment of various myocardial parameters.
Results and Discussion: Research materials find out a number of characteristics of CHF clinical course (its earlier development and severe course) in patients with MS. Echocardiographic tests reveal an increase of heart chambers sizes, thickness of left and right ventricle, pulmonary hypertension. Myocardium morpho-functional changes are more significant in patients with CHF and MS than in those without MS. An increase in leptin levels, a marker of obesity, fibrosis and inflammation, has been found. Leptin, C-reactive peptide (CRP) and high-sensitive troponin in patients with MS significantly exceeded those in patientswithout MS. Correlations of leptin levels, adiponectin, CRP and left ventricular mass, thickness of epicardial fat (TEF), ejection fraction were established.
Conclusion: Materials of the research indicate the important role of inflammatory and dysmetabolic processes in development and progression of CHF in patients with MS.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 21(1) 2022 Page : 105-113
Vitamin D Status in Prediabetes and its Different Categories
Authors: Morshed Md Shahed , Md Fariduddin - , Haq Tahniyah , Selim Shahjada , Khan Murshed Ahamed , Hasanat MA , Mustari Marufa , Rajib Mostafa Hasan , Yadav Anil , Faisal Ibrahim , Ghani Habibul , Shah Anil Kumar
Published: January 2022

Objectives: Data regarding vitamin D level and status among categories of prediabetes are scarce in the literature. This study is aimed to determine the level and status of vitamin D among adults with prediabetes and its different categories.
Materials and methods: This crosssectional study was carried out in 111 newly detected adults with prediabetes according to American Diabetes Association 2018 criteria and 74 matched healthy control (normal glucose tolerance). People with prediabetes were categorized into impaired glucose tolerance, impaired fasting glucose and their combination group. Participants were recruited consecutively from the Department of Endocrinology, BSMMU to measure serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D by high performance liquid chromatography and serum intact parathormone, calcium, albumin and phosphate by chemiluminescent enzyme-labeled immunometric assay.
Results: Vitamin D level and status were not significantly different between people with prediabetes & control and also in different categories of prediabetes. Severe vitamin D deficiency was significantly higher in people with prediabetes (27.5% vs 10%, p= 0.05). There were no associations between different blood glucose levels with vitamin D among adults with prediabetes.
Conclusions:Vitamin D was not associated with prediabetes or its categories.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 21(1) 2022 Page : 120-128
Prevalence of imipenem resistant gram-negative bacteria in a tertiary care hospital of Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Ferdous Rabeya Nahar , Rahman Md Atikur , Hussain Md Anowar , Akhter Nasrin , Banik Palash Chandra , Rahman Mohammad Mahmudur
Published: January 2022

Objective: Imipenem resistant gram-negative bacteria (GNB) have become a major public health concern worldwide, including Bangladesh. The present study was performed to determine the frequency of imipenem resistant gram-negative bacteria (GNB), their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern.
Materials and Methods: A total of three hundred and fifty clinical samples were collected from Bangladesh Institute of Health Sciences hospital (BIHS), Dhaka, Bangladesh, over a period of 12 months. Among 350 samples, 171 (48.86%) were from indoor patients, and 179 (51.14%) were from outdoor patients. The pathogens were isolated and identified by conventional methods and were screened for antibiotic susceptibility using the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method, including imipenem discs. A Chi-square test was employed for statistical analysis.
Results and Discussion: Out of 350 clinical isolates, 246 showed resistance to imipenem (70.28%). Almost all of the imipenem resistant gram-negative bacteria showed the highest resistant pattern to cefepime (88.57%), amoxicillin (88.29%), cephalosporin (88.14%), cefoxitin (86%), tetracycline (84.42%), and the majority were resistant to levofloxacin (70.85%), doxycycline (70.57%), netilmicin (59.71%). But cotrimoxazole (13.42%) and tigecycline (11.43%) showed a lower resistance pattern. Statistical analysis exhibited imipenem resistant gram-negative isolates most commonly found in pus and urine samples, while Klebsiella spp (30.49%), Pseudomonas spp (26.83%) and E. coli (23.17%) were the most predominant pathogens.
Conclusion: This is a retrospective study which study indicates a noteworthy rate of clinical isolates were imipenem resistant gram-negative bacteria in a well-defined tertiary care hospital, and most of these bacteria were also multidrug-resistant.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 21(1) 2022 Page : 145-150
Comparison of three port laparoscopic cholecystectomy with four port laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Garg Ram Kirti , Kumar Rajesh , Singh Bir , Singal Rikki , Singal Kiran Kumar , Sharma Ram Gopal
Published: January 2022

Objective: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, gold standard treatment for cholelithiasis, has traditionally been done using 4 ports. We compared four port procedure with newer 3-port cholecystectomy.
Methods: Sixty patients were operated by equally dividing them into two groups and using two procedures mentioned in the objective.
Results and Discussion: Assessment was carried out using parameters like operative time, cosmetic appearance and complications. Results were similar except operative time which was much less with 4-port procedure.
Conclusion: It will require lot of training before three port laparoscopic cholecystectomy can become popular and beneficial compared to four-port procedure.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 21(1) 2022 Page : 151-157
Evaluation of bacterial contamination of blood components in a tertiary care centre
Authors: Sehgal Shivali , Prakhya Lalita Jyotsna
Published: January 2022

Abstract not available
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 21(1) 2022 Page : 213-215
TĒCIYA TOṬAKKAPPAḶḶIKAḶIL TAMIḺAI IRAṆṬĀM MOḺIYĀKA KAṞKUM MĀṆAVARKAḶIṈ VĀCIPPU MAṞṞUM EḺUTTUT TIṞAṈ AṬAIVUNILAI [READING AND WRITING SKILLS PERFORMANCE LEVEL OF STUDENTS LEARNING TAMIL AS A SECOND LANGUAGE IN NATIONAL PRIMARY SCHOOL]
Authors: RUDRAPATHY CHITRA SELVI , RUDRAPATHY THULASI
Published: January 2022

The objective of this study is to identify the Tamil reading and writing skills achievement of non- native students who learn Tamil as their second language in the first year of national primary schools. This is a qualitative research which used purposive sampling. The data for the study has been collected as statistics through the questionnaire and analyzed. The results show that the basic Tamil reading and writing skills are in satisfactory level while writing comprehension and reading comprehension skills are at a low level of achievement. The data obtained through this study will create awareness among teachers who teach Tamil as a second language regarding the Tamil reading and written skills achievement of their students and will encourage them to adopt suitable learning teaching approach for their students to achieve the best attainment in these skills.
KEEFEKTIFAN BIMBINGAN KELOMPOK DENGAN TEKNIK ROLE PLAYING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR
Authors: Astuti Farida Herna , Mustakim Ichwanul
Published: January 2022

Motivasi memegang peranan yang penting dalam proses belajar. Apabila guru dan orang tua dapat memberikan motivasi yang baik pada siswa atau anaknya, maka dalam diri siswa atau anak akan timbul dorongan dan hasrat untuk belajar lebih baik. tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat keefektifan bimbingan kelompok dengan teknik role playing. Metode menggunakan desain penelitian one group pree test dan post test design. hasil perhitungan dengan menggunakan rumus diperoleh nilai t-hitung untuk kelompok ekperimen sebesar 27.399, sedangkan nilai t-tabel dengan db = 8-1= 7 dan taraf  signifikansi 5% adalah sebesar 2.365, yang berarti nilai t-hitung lebih besar dari  t-tabel (27.399 > 2.365). Layanan bimbingan kelompok dengan teknik role playing efektif untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa di dalam penerapannya.
Curcumins and its derivatives as potential inhibitors of New Coronavirus (COVID-19) main protease: an in silico strategy
Authors: Alves Daniela Ribeiro , Rocha Matheus Nunes da , Passos Camila Caldas Oliveira , Marinho Márcia Machado , Marinho Emmanuel Silva , Morais Selene Maia de
Published: January 2022

Coronavirus (COVID-19) disease outbreak caused a worldwide pandemic with a powerful lethal potential and still, there is no specific treatment to it. Natural bioactive molecules like curcumins were investigated in this work aiming to block the active site of COVID-19 Main protease (Mpro), since they present several biological activities, being more suitable in terms of fewer side effects, once this disease overloads the immune system of patients. Hereby, curcumin and several derivatives were screened for their ability to react with Mpro receptors (PDB: 6LU7). N3, Azithromycin (AZT), and Baracitinib (BRT) were evaluated as positive controls and in combined therapeutics possibilities with curcumins. N3, AZT, and BRT bound to different protein receptors, and also it was observed that N3 bound in the same site as hexahydrocurcumin and curcumin glucuronide bound at the AZT’s site and bisdemethoxycurcumin, curcumin, curcumin sulfate, cyclocurcumin, demethoxycurcumin, dihydrocurcumin and hexahydrocurcuminol bound at BRT’s site. All molecules analyzed have high force interaction fields. Once the viral activity is mainly intracellular, these compounds also were evaluated for their hydropathic abilities. All molecules were classified and considered capable of membrane cell invading. These results suggest that the therapeutic approach of the curcumin derivatives associated with AZT and the antiviral inhibitor N3 is promissory for future evaluation of their synergism in in vitro and in vivo tests to define their additional viability in the treatment of COVID-19.
Hubungan Persepsi Tentang Peran Orang Tua Dengan Perilaku Seksual Remaja di SMP Kabupaten Pasaman
Authors: Susanti Dewi , Doni Alsri Windra , Fazira Lora
Published: January 2022

Parents as the first and foremost educators in the family have a very complex role. Lack of parental role can make adolescents fall into risky sexual behavior (RSB). RSB will have a negative impact on adolescents such as physical, psychological and social impacts. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between perceptions of the parents role and adolescent sexual behavior in the Pasaman District Junior High School. This type of research is an analytic survey with a cross sectional design. The study was carried out from January to March 2020 at 36 schools spread across 12 sub-districts taken by stratifield random sampling of 324 students. The instrument uses a standardized questionnaire that is valid and reliable. Data analysis with chi square with 95% confidence interval and p value < 0.05. In the study, it was found that the RSB of adolescents was 58,44% and the negative perception of the parents role  was 53,2%. There is a relationship between perceptions of the parents role  with RSB in adolescents (p value 0.001). Adolescents who have a negative perception of the parents role  tend to have risky sexual behavior. It is recommended to the BKKBN to improve the BKR program to provide educational materials that are tailored to the educational level of parents. Creating a family empowerment program by integrating sexual education in the family
Predicting 3D Structure, Cross Talks, and Prognostic Significance of KLF9 in Cervical Cancer
Authors: Safi Sadia , Badshah Yasmin , Shabbir Maria , Zahra Kainat , Khan Khushbukhat , Dilshad Erum , Afsar Tayyaba , Almajwal Ali , Alruwaili Nawaf W. , Al-disi Dara , Abulmeaty Mahmoud , Razak Suhail
Published: January 2022

Our study aimed to identify the new blood-based biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of cervical cancer. Moreover, the three-dimensional (3D) structure of Kruppel-like factor 9 (KLF9) was also determined in order to better understand its function, and a signaling pathway was constructed to identity its upstream and downstream targets. In the current study, the co-expressions of tumor protein D52 (TPD52), KLF9, microRNA 223 (miR-223), and protein kinase C epsilon (PKCϵ) were evaluated in cervical cancer patients and a possible relation with disease outcome was revealed. The expressions of TPD52, KLF9, miR-223, and PKCϵ were studied in the blood of 100 cervical cancer patients and 100 healthy controls using real-time PCR. The 3D structure of KLF9 was determined through homology modeling via the SWISS-MODEL and assessed using the Ramachandran plot. The predicted 3D structure of KLF9 had a similarity index of 62% with its template (KLF4) with no bad bonds in it. In order to construct a genetic pathway, depicting the crosstalk between understudied genes, STRING analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and DAVID software were used. The constructed genetic pathway showed that all the understudied genes are linked to each other and involved in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. There was a 23-fold increase in TPD52 expression, a 2-fold increase in miR-223 expression, a 0.14-fold decrease in KLF9 expression, and a 0.05-fold decrease of PKCϵ expression in cervical cancer. In the present study, we observed an association of the expressions of TPD52, KLF9, miR-223, and PKCϵ with tumor stage, metastasis, and treatment status of cervical cancer patients. Elevated expressions of TPD52 and miR-223 and reduced expressions of KLF9 and PKCϵ in peripheral blood of cervical cancer patients may serve as predictors of disease diagnosis and prognosis. Nevertheless, further in vitro and tissue-level studies are required to strengthen their role as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
Effect of Coronavirus-19 on Mental Condition of International Students in China
Authors: Manzoor Faiza , Wei Longbao , Haq Muhammad Zia ul
Published: January 2022

Despite its importance, no study investigates the effects of COVID-19 on the mental condition of international students in China. By using data from international students in China, this study finds the positive and affirmative connection between fear of COVID-19 and generalized anxiety disorder among foreign students. Furthermore, this study reveals a negative association between fear of COVID-19 and the psychological well-being of foreign students in China. We also find that emotional intelligence has a positive and optimistic moderating influence on the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and generalized anxiety disorder but it has not moderating effect on the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and psychological well-being. Our study contributes to the body and knowledge and offers new insights concerning the effects of COVID-19 on the mental condition of international students.
Jornalismo engajado? A cobertura das greves pelo clima em veículos não hegemônicos do Brasil
Authors: Beling Loose Eloisa
Published: January 2022

Este artigo se propõe a analisar como as greves pelo clima foram cobertas por três meios jornalísticos brasileiros considerados não hegemônicos: Conexão Planeta, Envolverde e Colabora. O movimento global, desencadeado pela ativista Greta Thunberg em 2018, ganhou projeção no Brasil em 2019, mas foi impactado no ano seguinte em razão das restrições impostas pela pandemia de covid-19. A partir da Análise Crítica do Discurso, verifica-se como os veículos representaram a mobilização em prol do enfrentamento climático no pico da cobertura. Os resultados mostram que, apesar de um discurso engajado e a favor dos ativistas, a cobertura das greves pelo clima possui muitas semelhanças com aquilo que já foi identificado em meios jornalísticos hegemônicos no Brasil, predominando o enfoque internacional e o destaque para ativistas já conhecidos.
Desempeño docente y logro de aprendizajes en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Gonzales Roberto
Published: January 2022

El objetivo fue determinar la relación del desempeño docente con el logro de aprendizajes de la asignatura Taller de Diseño de la carrera Arquitectura en la Universidad César Vallejo campus Chimbote, 2020, desde la perspectiva de los estudiantes. La investigación tuvo un enfoque cuantitativo, descriptivo correlacional de diseño no experimental. Para la muestra se consideraron 35 estudiantes a quienes les fue aplicado un cuestionario con cinco alternativas de respuestas con 39 ítems para medir las dos variables: desempeño docente (cuatro dimensiones) y logro de aprendizajes (tres dimensiones). El análisis de correlación de Spearman mostró un p valor de 0,031 y un r valor de 0, 364, por lo que existe una relación positiva de nivel bajo entre ambas variables. Esto significa que cuando el desempeño docente sea mejor se tendrá un logro de aprendizajes mejor. Se concluye que el desempeño docente tiene una relación significativa con el logro de aprendizajes.
WORKSPACE ANALYSIS OF A FLAME INTRA-ROW WEEDING ROBOT IN VEGETABLE FIELD AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF PROPANE COMBUSTION
Authors: Xu Bing , Zheng Decong , Wang Jiaxin , Yang Youzhi
Published: January 2022

In order to improve the seed filling performance of mechanical hole type seed metering device with high speed, a vertical disc metering device was designed with seed agitator to improve the seed filling probability. Discrete element simulation method and physical prototype bench tests were used to simulate and analyse the seed metering process. The structure parameters of the seed agitators were optimized by the quadratic orthogonal rotation central composite design test. The results showed that: 1) the addition of seed agitator had a significant influence on the MIS (miss index), among which the concave type had the lowest MIS, and it was the highest without agitator; 2) for concave type agitator, the optimal value of depth and angle were 3.1 mm and 60.5°, respectively; 3) the physical prototype tests showed that the QFI (quality of feed index) was more than 95% under the speed of 2-10 km/h, and the MIS was less than 1%, which meets the requirements of precision sowing.