bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Soil–monopile interactions for offshore wind turbines
Authors: Cui Liang , Bhattacharya Subhamoy
Published: August 2016

Many offshore wind turbines are supported by large-diameter piles (known as monopiles) and are subjected to a large number of cyclic and dynamic loads. There are evidences suggesting that foundation stiffness are changing with cycles of loading and this may lead to changes in the natural frequency of the system with the potential for unplanned system resonances. There are other consequences such as excessive tilt leading to expensive repair or even complete shutdown. Therefore, it is vital to understand the long-term response of wind turbine foundation so that a method to predict the change in frequency and long-term tilt could be established. This paper aims to present the experimental work of small-scale physical modelling and discrete element modelling of the interactions between a monopile and the surrounding soil. Changes in soil stiffness under cyclic loading of various strain amplitudes were examined for both physical modelling and discrete element modelling. Micromechanics of soils underlying the soil stiffness change was investigated using discrete element method. Variation of force distribution along the monopile under cyclic loading was analysed to show the influence of monopile stability.
The concept of forecasting success introduction herbaceous perennials in the Ukraine heath
Authors: Krokhmal I.
Published: August 2016

The concept of forecast success introduction of herbaceous perennials in the Ukraine steppe, and new approaches to their introduction, which is the basis of introduction and increase environmental capacity of the region. The concept provides a theoretical basis for updates, updating and improving the collection funds of botanical gardens of the steppe zone, the mobilization of new species to expand their range to regions of landscape architecture. The criteria of success of the introduction of species and developed a system of evaluation of their adaptive capacity to the conditions of the introduction of the region, designed to analyze fitness herbaceous perennials both introduced and native flora, taking into account the totality of important adaptive plant signs (44 signs), including morphological and anatomical indicators of vegetative organs and their allometric parameters, correlation of functional traits of plants, the ability of plants to the formation of hybrid seedlings, their allelopathic activity.
The Effect of Macroeconomic Variables on the Stock Market Index of the Tehran Stock Exchange
Authors: Mehrara Mohsen , Gudarzi Farahani Yazdan , Faninam Farzan , Karsalari Abbas Rezazadeh
Published: August 2016

This paper examines the relationship between stock market index and macroeconomic policies (Fiscal and Monetary) on Iran's economy using quarterly data in the period 1999-2013. This study employed cointegration test and vector autoregressive models (VAR) to examine relationships between the stock market index and the macroeconomic variables. The empirical results reveal that a positive money shock can increase stocks return. According to impulse responses, the government expenditure had a slight impact on stocks return in the short term. But the government expenditure has a positive effect on exchange index in long run. Also the effect of taxes on the stock's price index is negative, so that it reaches its maximum level after the third lag and then alleviates. The GDP shock has positive effect on the stock's price index. Increase in production level leads to increase in earnings and profitability, leading to a positive response from stocks index. Therefore the results showed that the macroeconomic variables such as inflation, exchange rate and GDP have significant effects on Tehran exchange price index. So the hypothesis that the improving economic factors can have a useful role in the booming capital market is confirmed. Also the effect of fiscal policy factors such as tax revenues and government expenditures is more than monetary policy factors on stock returns.
Вектор развития государственно-частного партнерства в Российской Федерации в контексте международной практики
Authors: Гучев Инал Ахмедович , Шевченко Елизавета Дмитриевна
Published: August 2016

Долгосрочные цели развития Российской Федерации требуют новой и модернизированной инфраструктуры на всей ее территории. Частное финансирование в капитальные проекты может иметь жизненно важное значение для достижения этих целей. Задачей статьи было дать ответ на вопросы: «Насколько правилен вектор развития ГЧП в РФ в контексте международной практики?», «Стоит ли РФ активно придерживаться принципов развития ГЧП ОЭСР?». В процессе исследования были проанализированы российские и зарубежные источники. Также был проведен статистический анализ. Мы пришли к выводу, что на сегодняшний день правильно заданный вектор развития государственного-частного партнерства должен продолжать придерживаться рекомендаций ОЭСР по вопросам надлежащего развития и управления проектами ГЧП. Данные рекомендации все больше доказывают свою эффективность как в российской, так и зарубежной практике. Их выполнение обеспечит наиболее эффективный и быстрый рост развития ГЧП в Российской Федерации.
О необходимости и возможности реализации концессионных проектов в системе управления государственной собственностью субъекта РФ
Authors: Семенова Анастасия Александровна
Published: August 2016

В статье определена актуальность и необходимость перехода к новым ориентирам управления государственной собственностью на региональном уровне. Раскрыт механизм реализации государственно-частного партнерства в форме концессии в области управления отношениями собственности. Выявлены проблемы, препятствующие использованию концессионных проектов в управлении и распоряжении государственным имуществом. Определены перспективы развития исследуемой формы государственно-частного партнерства.
Привлечения внебюджетного финансирования при помощи биржевых инструментов для реализации проектов государственно-частного партнерства
Authors: Лебедева Анна Владимировна
Published: August 2016

В данной статье представлена и систематизирована информация по теме финансирования проектов государственно-частного партнерства, рассмотрены основные проблемы привлечения финансовых средств и пути их решения при использовании механизма эмиссии инфраструктурных облигаций.
A Physically-Constrained Calibration Database for Land Surface Temperature Using Infrared Retrieval Algorithms
Authors: Martins João P. A. , Trigo Isabel F. , Bento Virgílio A. , da Camara Carlos
Published: August 2016

Land Surface Temperature (LST) is routinely retrieved from remote sensing instruments using semi-empirical relationships between top of atmosphere (TOA) radiances and LST, using ancillary data such as total column water vapor or emissivity. These algorithms are calibrated using a set of forward radiative transfer simulations that return the TOA radiances given the LST and the thermodynamic profiles. The simulations are done in order to cover a wide range of surface and atmospheric conditions and viewing geometries. This work analyses calibration strategies, considering some of the most critical factors that need to be taken into account when building a calibration dataset, covering the full dynamic range of relevant variables. A sensitivity analysis of split-windows and single channel algorithms revealed that selecting a set of atmospheric profiles that spans the full range of surface temperatures and total column water vapor combinations that are physically possible seems beneficial for the quality of the regression model. However, the calibration is extremely sensitive to the low-level structure of the atmosphere indicating that the presence of atmospheric boundary layer features such as temperature inversions or strong vertical gradients of thermodynamic properties may affect LST retrievals in a non-trivial way.
Photonic Quantum Noise Reduction with Low-Pump Parametric Amplifiers for Photonic Integrated Circuits
Authors: Vatarescu Andre
Published: August 2016

An approximation-free and fully quantum optic formalism for parametric processes is presented. Phase-dependent gain coefficients and related phase-pulling effects are identified for quantum Rayleigh emission and the electro-optic conversion of photons providing parametric amplification in small scale integration of photonic devices. These mechanisms can be manipulated to deliver, simultaneously, sub-Poissonian distributions of photons as well as phase-dependent amplification in the same optical quadrature of a signal field.
WITSML v2.0: Paving the Way for Big Data Analytics Through Improved Data Assurance and Data Organization
Authors: Gidh Yash , Deeks Nigel , Grovik Lars Olav , Johnson David , Arumugam Sethupathi , Schey Jana , Hollingsworth Jay
Published: August 2016

Big data analytics (BDA) is a maturing technology that is gaining momentum in the upstream oil and gas industry. The practice centers on aggregating all data from different sources into a "data lake" or equivalent storage for analytics and reporting. But if the quality of the data coming into the lake is unknown, uncertain, or poor, the results derived from analytics may not be reliable.

To help determine whether the data is fit for purpose, WITSML v2.0 has some significant new capabilities including a new Data Assurance object and improved metadata on the redesigned Log object.

Trusted data is the foundation for all analytical and reporting initiatives. The Data Assurance object does not determine the data quality; rather, it provides the means to transmit assurance that business policies and supporting rules are met in the data transfer process. This capability means that users can apply their own data quality processes, algorithms, and transformations to ensure the data are fit for purpose, auditable, and traceable to meet their business objectives. For example, data assurance policies and rules supporting sensor precision and calibration can be transferred between applications that validate the data according to a company's business requirements.

The newly designed Log object and addition of key metadata will address some of the historical organizational challenges of previous versions of the WITSML Log object and enable more intelligent data mining and more efficient and automated use of larger datasets. For example, the WITSML v2.0 Log object references classes of the Practical Well Log Standard (PWLS), an industry standard that lists and defines service company mnemonics. This capability supports a use case such as "give me all the sonic logs" regardless of vendor. As a side activity, but driven by the needs of WITSML users, the PWLS is also being updated.

The combination of these capabilities can help increase users' trust in their data, improve analytics, and ultimately help companies to realize more value from big data analytics and its ability to help upstream oil and gas improve safety, reduce operational risk, and improve efficiency.
Understanding Chinese and Indian balancing strategies
Authors: H. Lucena Silva Antonio , W. M. Teixeira Jr. Augusto
Published: August 2016

This paper aims to explain the dynamics of balance of power between China and India in a historical perspective. We shall conduct case studies to demonstrate how China and India seek to counterbalance each other in three strategic geographical areas: South Asia, Southeast Asia and at the Indian Ocean Rim. In order to do so, we will examine variables such as arms transfers, military spending, bilateral and multilateral agreements, joint military exercises, and the role of non-Asian actors. The paper concludes that nowadays balance pattern between China and India reflects preferences towards alignments and arms build-up as the main strategic behavior.
Análise das práticas de OFFSET nos contratos de defesa no Brasil
Authors: Brustolin Vitelio Marcos , Almeida de Oliveira Cleber , D’Alberto Senna Claudio José
Published: August 2016

Neste estudo são apresentados dados históricos e econômicos acerca da utilização internacional de contratos militares de offset. Em seguida são analisados aspectos da política de compensação nas aquisições de produtos de defesa no Brasil. Sobre tais análises é apresentado um modelo das relações entre as partes interessadas na sistemática de compensação, possibilitando estabelecer quatro estratégias de offset para a Força Armada contratante. Também é traçada uma dinâmica de categorização e priorização das tecnologias de interesse. Além disso, são sugeridos processos necessários para a operacionalização das atividades de offset, especificamente, no período anterior à negociação dos Acordos de Compensação. Complementarmente, são analisados os processos propostos, à luz do relatório do Tribunal de Contas da União sobre as atividades de offset. A metodologia empregada é de revisão da literatura, bem como de mapeamento da legislação e das normas vigentes. Na Conclusão são traçadas considerações sobre a relevância dos offsets na absorção de tecnologias militares e civis pelo Brasil, à luz das diretrizes expressas na Estratégia Nacional de Defesa.
Evaluation of the Upgraded Version 2.0 of the Roche COBAS® AmpliPrep/COBAS® TaqMan HIV-1 Qualitative Assay in Central African Children
Authors: Mossoro-Kpinde CD , Jenabian MA , Gody JC , Robin L , Talla P , Longo JDD , Grésenguet G , Belec L
Published: August 2016

Background:

Several commercially available molecular techniques were developed based on subtype B of HIV-1, which represents only 10% of HIV strains worldwide. Indeed, in sub-Saharan Africa, non-B subtypes of HIV-1 are predominant. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performances of the COBAS®AmpliPrep/COBAS®(CAP/CTM) HIV-1 Qualitative assays to detect the broad range of HIV-1 variants circulating in Central Africa and compare to the outgoing CAP/CTM HIV-1 Quantitative test v2.0 (Roche Molecular Systems), chosen as reference gold standard molecular assay.

Methods:

The CAP/CTM HIV-1 Qualitative tests versions 1.0 and 2.0 (Roche Molecular Systems, Inc., Branchburg, NJ, USA) were evaluated compared to CAP/CTM TaqMan HIV-1 Quantitative test v2.0 (Roche Molecular Systems) on 239 dried plasma spot (DPS) from 133 HIV-1-infected (with detectable plasma HIV RNA load) and 106 uninfected children, followed-up at Complexe Pédiatrique, Bangui, Central African Republic.

Results:

The version 1.0 showed low sensitivity (93.2%), with 9 (6.8%) false negative results, demonstrating under-detection of non-B HIV-1 subtypes. In contrast, the upgraded version 2.0 showed 100%-sensitivity, 100%-specificity and perfect agreement (κ coefficient, 1.0).

Conclusion:

Our evaluation in the Central African Republic demonstrates the clinical implications of the accuracy and reliability of the CAP/CTM HIV-1 Qualitative assay for early diagnosis of HIV-1 in Central African children.
Microstructural impact on electromigration: A TCAD study
Authors: Ceric Hajdin , de Orio , Zisser Wolfhard , Selberherr Siegfried
Published: August 2016

Current electromigration models used for simulation and analysis of
interconnect reliability lack the appropriate description of metal
microstructure and consequently have a very limited predictive capability.
Therefore, the main objective of our work was obtaining more sophisticated
electromigration models. The problem is addressed through a combination of
different levels of atomistic modeling and already available continuum level
macroscopic models. A novel method for an ab initio calculation of the
effective valence for electromigration is presented and its application on
the analysis of EM behavior is demonstrated. Additionally, a simple
analytical model for the early electromigration lifetime is obtained. We have
shown that its application gives a reasonable estimate for the early
electromigration failures including the effect of microstructure.
Determination of actual reduction factor of HV and MV cable lines passing through urban and suburban areas
Authors: Popovic Ljubivoje
Published: August 2016

The paper presents the method for determination of ground fault current
distribution in the cases when feeding cable lines are passing through urban
and/or suburban areas, or when many relevant data are uncertain, or
completely unknown. The problem appears as a consequence of the fact that
many of surrounding urban installations are situated under the surface of the
ground and cannot be visually determined or verified. On the basis of on site
measurements, the developed method enables compensation of all deficiencies
of the relevant data about metal installations involved with the fluctuating
magnet field appearing along and around of a power line during an unbalanced
fault. The presented analytical procedure is based on the fact that certain
measurable quantities cumulatively involve the inductive effects of all,
known and unknown surrounding metal installations. The performed quantitative
analysis points on at the significance of taking into account the existence
of surrounding metal installations.
Bandgap engineering of carbon allotropes
Authors: Arora Vijay
Published: August 2016

Starting from the graphene layer, the bandgap engineering of carbon nanotubes
(CNTs) and graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) is described by applying an
appropriate boundary condition. Linear E-k relationship of graphene
transforms to a parabolic one as momentum vector in the tube direction is
reduced to dimensions smaller than inverse of the tube diameter of a CNT.
Similar transition is noticeable for narrow width of a GNR. In this regime,
effective mass and bandgap expressions are obtained. A CNT or GNR displays a
distinctly 1D character suitable for applications in quantum transport.
Laplace transform series expansion method for solving the local fractional heat-transfer equation defined on Cantor sets
Authors: Sun Huan , Liu Xing-Hua
Published: August 2016

In this paper, we use the Laplace transform series expansion method to find
the analytical solution for the local fractional heat-transfer equation
defined on Cantor sets via local fractional calculus.
Study on vibration characteristics of damping blade with snubber and shroud based on fractal theory
Authors: Zhao Wei , Li Liang-Liang , Zhang Di
Published: August 2016

Snubber and shroud have been widely adopted in steam turbine last stage
blades to decrease the vibration stress. The contact surfaces between snubber
and shroud own obviously fractal geometry characteristics. Based on fractal
geometry theory and finite element nonlinear vibration theory, the fractal
friction model that describes friction damping contact could be accurately
established. In this paper, the contact fractal elements are set up and the
nonlinear vibration response characteristics of a long steam turbine last
stage blade with snubber and shroud are calculated. The results show that,
with the increase of shroud normal force, the resonant amplitude of the blade
experiences a decreasing period followed by an increasing period while the
modal damping ratio increases first and then decreases when there is only
shroud contact. The regulations are similar when there are both shroud and
snubber contacts. The resonant frequency increases until the normal contact
forces increase to some degree.
Clinical presentation of ulcerative colitis among Bangladeshi population twenty years experience from a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Chowdhury Mohammad Shoaib , Khan Md. Masudur Rahman , Rahman Md. Zahidur , Saha Madhusudan , Dhakal Guru Prashad , Roy Projesh Kumar , Raihan A.S.M.A.
Published: August 2016

Background: The prevalence of Ulcerative colitis has been increasingly reported from Western countries as well as other Asian countries. Our personal experience shows that Ulcerative colitis is not uncommon in our country and is being diagnosed more commonly. So, there is need to study the disease pattern in our country. Objective: To find out the clinical presentation, among Bangladeshi population. Methods: A hospital (Department of Gastroenterology, Bang­abandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University) based study registering previously diagnosed and newly diagnosed cases of Ulcerative colitis, was carried out from January 1990 to June 2010. Data that were obtained are: age and sex of the patients, clinical presentations like bloody diarrhoea, per rectal bleeding, diarrhoea without per rectal bleeding, urgency, tenesmus, abdominal pain, fever, anorexia, weakness, weight loss. Data regarding physical findings and extra intestinal manifestations were also recorded. Results: Out of 164 patients 65.24% (107) were male and 34.76% (57) were female. The male- female ratio was 1.88 : 1. Mean age of male patients was 36.14(±11.66) years and mean age for female patients was 33.15(±11.12) years. Maximum number of male patients were in 21-40 years age group (65.42%, 70). Maximum number of female patients were in 21-30 years age group (42.10%, 24). Maximum number of both male and female patients were in 21-30 years age group (35.97%, 59). Clinical features of 164 patients showed that 87.28% (143) had bloody diarrhoea, 20.12% (33) had per-rectal bleeding, 4.26% (7) had diarrhoea without per rectal bleeding, 1.21% (2) had urgency, 5.48% (9) had tenesmus, 33.53% (55) had abdominal pain, 17.66% (29) had fever, 18.29% (30) had anorexia, weakness and 17.68% (29) had weight loss at their initial presentation. Physical examination of 164 patients revealed that 81(49.39%) patients had normal findings, 7 (4.27%) patients had oedema and 83 (50.61%) patients had anaemia. Extra intestinal features were absent in 143 (87.20%) patients out of 164 patients. The rest 21 (12.80%) patients had joint involvement and 2 ( 1.21 % ) patients had ocular involvement. There was no patient with skin involvement. Conclusion: The clinical presentation of Ulcerative colitis in our country is mostly similar compared to other Asian' and Western countries except higher male-female ratio, presence of oedema and wide variability of extra intestinal involve­ment. These differences are probably due to social and cultural reasons, poor nutritional status, incomplete workup or records and influence of various enviornmental factors. To validate these results further prospective studies are needed.
Efficacy of probiotics in irritable bowel syndrome: A randomized, double blind placebo-controlled study
Authors: Rahman Md. Zahidur , Chowdhury Mohammad Shoaib , Rahman Mohammad Asadur , Parveen Shohely , Barua Rajib , Ishaque Shamsuddin Mohammad , Ahmed Dewan Saifuddin , Raihan A.S.M.A.
Published: August 2016

Background: Gut flora have important trophic effects on intestinal epithelia and on immune structure and fonction.They also protect colonized host against invasion by alien microbes.Recent research suggests that an imbalance of the intestinal microbiota and a dysfunctional intestinal barrier might trigger irritable bowel syndrome (lBS). As probiotics have been reported to restore the intestinal microbiota and the gut barrier, the therapeutic potential of probiotics within IBS became of strong interest. Objectives: To assess the efficacy of probiotics in lBS. Methods: Patients of 15 to 60 years old and both sexes were included f om the out patient department (OPD) of gastroenterology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medi­cal University (BSMMU). A validated lBS-QOL instmment consisted of 34 questions used to assess improvement of quality of Iife before and after treatment. A total of 65 diarrhoea predominant LBS patients were randomised to receive either probiotics(n-33) or placebo(n-32) twice daily frir 6 weeks.Results: At the end of 6 weeks therapy, improvement in various symptoms(abclominal pain, stool frequency, consistency and 11atulence) in probiotics group was statistically significant. Mean QOL score before treatment was 103 in probiotics group and I 06 in placebo group. After 6 weeks of treatment mean QOL score was 82 in probiotics group and I 02.58 in placebo group. No side effects of the therapeutic agents were observed in any patient during the trial. Conclusions: Probiotics effectively alleviates global IBS and improves TBS symptoms simultaneously with an improvement of quality of life.
CT evaluation of malignant PNS mass and histopathological correlation
Authors: Islam Tahmina , Al-Azad Salauddin , Khondker Lubna , Akhter Sabina
Published: August 2016

Background: Computed tomography (CT) is the gold standard for exact delineation of paranasal sinus(PNS) disease. There are many radiologically important diseases of paranasal sinuses. Objective: to evaluate the malignant PNS mass by computed tomographic image and the findings of this modality were compared with histopathological result.Methods: It was a cross sectional type of study and carried out with suspected PNS mass having patients during January 2009 to Octo­ber 2010.Results: The mean age of the patients was 35.95 ± 18.24 and common complaints of the patients were nasal obstruction (73.7%) and maximum 53.9% patients had PNS mass in maxillary sinuses. Out of 76 cases 21.1 % found malignant mass on CT and after histopathology 19. 7% had malignant mass. Out of all cases 14 were diagnosed as malig­nant PNS mass by CT scan and confirmed by histopathological evaluation and they were true positive. Two cases were diagnosed as malignant PNS mass by CT scan but not confirmed by histopathological findings and they were false positive. Of 60 cases, which were diagnosed by CT scan, one was confirmed as malignant and 59 were benign by histopa­thology. They were false negative and true negative respectively. Sensitivity of CT scan to diagnose malignant PNS mass was 93.3%, specificity 96.7%, positive predictive value 87.5%, negative predictive value 98.3% and accuracy 96.1 %. Conclusion: CT scan of the malignant para nasal sinus mass provides more information and better image quality and CT diagnosis correlate well with the findings of histopathology.
Adverse effects of parenteral dexamethasone in the treatment of pemphigus vulgaris
Authors: Uddin Mohammad Jamal , Islam A.Z.M Maidul , Ali Mohammad Eakub , Wahab Md. Abdul , Khondker Lubna
Published: August 2016

Background: Pemphigus vulgaris is associated with high morbidity as well as significant mortality rate. Today the risk of death in pemphigus from the side effect of oral prednisolone is greater than risk of death from the disease itself. Objec­tive: To observe the adverse effects of parenteral dexamethasone compared with oral prednisolone in the treatment of pemphigus vulgaris. Methods: An interventional study was carried out in the department of Dermatology and Venereol­ogy, Bangabandu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Total number of patients was thirty and among them fifteen patients were treated with parenteral dexamethasone (Group-A) and other fifteen were treated with oral prednisolone (Group-B). Results: The study showed statistically significant differences of skin lesion as well as mucosal lesion of pemphigus after 6 weeks of therapy between of two groups (P<0.05). The most common adverse effects were increased body weight(40%), increased appetite(40%), and puffy face(40%) in dexamethasone group. In prednisolone group, these side effects were 60% of the subjects. Other side effects in dexamethasone group were hyperglycemia (33.33%), hypertension (26.66%), and sleep disturbance (13.33%). In prednisolone group, other side effects were hyperglycemia(33.33%), hypertension(40%), gastritis (33.33%), nausea, vomiting (13.33%) in each , reactivation of tuberculosis, herpes zoster infection, sleep disturbance, and mood change were 6.66% in each group. Conclusion: In the light of the findings of the study, we conclude that each of the treatment of dexamethasone group and prednisolone group is individually effective and safe in the treatment of pemphigus vulgaris but adverse effects are less in parenteral dexamethasone group than oral prednisolone group. So parenteral dexamethasone can be used as an alternative drug in the treatment of pemphigus vulgaris.
Duct-to-mucosa pancreatojejunostomy is a safe technique of reconstruction after pancreatoduodenectomy
Authors: Das Bidhan C. , Sobhan Sarwar , Azad M.A.K. , Ahmed Saif Uddin , Khan Arif Salam , Khan Zulfiqur Rahman
Published: August 2016

Background: A duct-to-mucosa pancreatojejunostomy is technically difficult to perform than Dunking procedure after pancreatoduodenectomy. In contrast, the incidence of anastomotic dehiscence is more in Dunking than duct-to-mucosa procedure. Duct-to-mucosa technique is rarely practiced in our country because of technical difficulties and lack of experiences. Objectives: This study was undertaken to evaluate the safety of duct-to-mucosa procedure in our patients with pancreatoduodenectomy. Methods: We have performed pancreatojejunostomy in 14 consecutive patients using a duct-to-mucosa technique and the result was assessed. Results: No patients developed pancreato-jejunal leakage; however, 6 of 14 patients developed complications not related to operative techniques (wound infections; 3,jejunal fistula following removal of jejunal feeding tube; 1, renal dysfunction; 1, delayed gastric emptying; 1) which were managed conservatively. There were no postoperative deaths in the present series and the median postoperative hospital stay was 20.3 days. The follow-up period ranged from 1 to 12 months and all patients are surviving with good health during this period. Conclusion: Pancreatojejunostomy by duct-to-mucosal technique is a safe method of pancreatojejunostomy after pancreatoduodenecytomy.
Non-secretory multiple myeloma with extramedulary plasmocytoma
Authors: Khan Abed Hussain , Afrose Rafla , Rahman Mujahida , Ferdous Ur Rahaman Mohammad , Chowdhury Md. Shababul Huda , Chowdhury M. A. Jalil
Published: August 2016

Non-secretory multiple myeloma (NSMM) is an uncommon variation of the classic form of multiple myeloma (MM) that has au analogous clinical and radiologic presentation except for the absence of the M-protein in sernm and/or urine. NSMM may have or not detectable monoclonal free light chain in urine/serum. We describe here a case of a 46-year-old woman who presented with back pain and lower limb weakness. A tumour lesion at DI level and multiple osteolytic bone lesions were found. This woman had no other symptoms and her basic blood biochemistry were nonnal. She had normal serum and urine protein electrophoresis. Biopsy from the D1 vertebra showed plasmocytoma. In the bone marrow, 20% atypical plasma cell fow1d, all were being CD38+ and CD 138+ in flowcytometry, confirming the diagnosis of myeloma presenting as NSMM. A high index of suspicion is needed to diagnose cases like this, as the biology ofNSMM is not completely understood.
Analysis of heart rate variability
Authors: Begum Noorzahan
Published: August 2016

No abstract is available
Prediction of oesophageal varices in cirrhotic patients by measuring liver stiffness with fibroscan
Authors: Alam Shahinul , Moben Ahmed Lutful , Alam A.K.M. Kborshed
Published: August 2016

Background: Repeated endoscopy is required to detect & follow up of esophageal varices (OV) in cirrhotic patients. Objective: For discomfort and unwillingness lo do the endoscopy directed us to evaluate liver stiffness measurement (LSM) for lhe prediclion ofO V. Methods: A cross sectional observational study was conducted between July 2010 to July 2011. A total of 50 patients with cirrhosis were divided into three groups. Group-I patients had no varix (n=4), group-II had Grade-I OV (n=23) and group-UI had Grade-II/III OV (n=23 ) at endoscopy. Liver stiffness was measured by fibroscan & data was analyzed by SPSS.Results: Mean age were 35.20 ± 11.36 years with highest frequency 19 (38 %) in 21-30 years age group. Etiologies were different with leading causes includes HBV (76%) followed by HCV (6%), alcohol (2%) and 14% were unknown. Liver stiffness did not significantly differ from group-I & group-II, but was signifi­cantly higher in group III than group-II & group I. Liver stiffness was nol accurate in the prediction of grade-I oesophageal variees [Arca under the curve (AUC)] = 23.6%. Liver stiffness at a cut off value 32.52 kPa with sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, accuracy respectively 82.6%, 77.8 %, 76 %, 84%, 80% can predict the Grade-II-Ill oesophageal varices (AUROC = 85.2%). Conclusion: Liver stiffness may be suitable for prediction of Grade-II-III oesophageal varices, not for the screening of the presence of oesophageal varices.
Implication of serum zinc level with duration and clinical type of vitiligo
Authors: Mirza Sohail , Ali Mohammad Eakub , Khondker Lubna , Khan Md. Shirajul Islam , Islam Nadia , Rashid Muhammad Munir
Published: August 2016

Background: Vitiligo is a common dermatological disorder characterized by acquired, idiopathic, progressive, hypomelanosis of the skin and hair, with total absence of melanocytes microscopically. Objective: The study was conducted to find out the relationship between serum zinc level and clinical spectrum of vitiligo. Methods: A cross sectional study conducted in the departmenl of Dermatology and Venereology and department of Biochemistry, Bang­abandbu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh and the period of study was from May 2010 to October 2011. Results: The mean difference of sernm zinc level in male and female of both groups were significant (p<0.05) but the mean serum zinc level was not significantly different (p>0.05) among various clinical types ofvitiligo. ln case oflocalized vitiligo mean serum zinc level was 755.3 ± 288.6, in case of acrofacial viriligo mean serum zinc level was 821.4 ± 259.6 and in case of generalized vitiligo mean sernm zinc level was 771.6 ± 222.2. The difference of mean sernm zinc level observed between family history positive and negative group were not statistically significant (p>0.05). The difference of mean senun zinc level was also not statistically significant (p>0.05) among <1 year, 1-10 years and 11-20 years duration groups of vitiligo patients. A negative correlation (r = -0.227) was observed between duration of symptom with senun zinc level in this study. Conclusion: This study showed low level of serum zinc in vitiligo patients. Large-scale studies are needed to confirm these findings and multicenter study should be carried out to reveal the accurate pattern of zinc status in vitiligo.
Antepartum myomectomy
Authors: Parveen Tabassum , Begum Firoza , Akhtar Nabreen , Kulsum Umme
Published: August 2016

Myomectomy perfonned during pregnancy is a rarity. Literatw·e survey showed few case reports on antepartum myomec­tomy. Though controversy persists among reports, but some case series reported the successfull antepartum myomectomy in carefully selected patients. Sometimes surgery is planned for ovarian tumour but incidentally found fibroid during surgery as itis also done in the present case. We here present a case report of a 28 years primigravida woman who had undergone laparotomy for antenatally diagnosed case of ovarian tumour at 13 weeks of gestation under spinal anesthesia. But on opening the abdominal cavity a large sub-serous degenerated fibroid was found to arise from the fundus. Myomec­tomy was performed ensuring minimum handling of the uterus. The patient had au uneventful postoperative period and was discharged on 8th post operative day. She delivered a healthy male baby of 3 kg at 39 weeks of gestation with good apgar score.
Role of maternal serum homocysteine level on fetal birth weight
Authors: Begum Afrina , Roy Joya Sree , Sultana Nilufer , Begum Noorjahan
Published: August 2016

Objective: The present study has been conducted to investigate the role of plasma homocysteine on neonatal birth weight.Methods: This prospective cross sectional analytical study was conducted in the inpatient department of obstetrics & gynecology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital on 120 term, singleton pregnant women. Pregnant women with plasma total bomocysteine >15 µmol/L were termed as having hyperhomocysteinemia (case, n = 25), while women with plasma total homocysteine ?15 µmol/L were considered as notmal (control, n = 95). Neonatal birth weight was the main outcome variable which was compared between case and control groups. Result: The entire women in the case group were in their 3rd decades, while 80% of the control group were in this age range and 10% was below 20 and 10% above 30 years old. The cases were older than the controls (25.6 ± 2.0 vs. 23.7 ± 4.7 years, p = 0.051 ). Over three-quarters (76%) of the cases were SSC level educated, while majority (84.2%) of the controls was primary level educated. Eighty percent of the neonates born of mothers with hyperhomocysteinemia were of low birth weight as opposed to only 9.5% in the control group. The mothers of case-group carry nearly 40(95% of CI= 11.5 - 126.4) times higher risk of having low birth weight babies than the mothers with nonnal homocysteine level. The mean birth weight of neonates of case group was observed to be significantly higher (2.8 ± 0.4 kg) than that of control group (2.2 ± 0.4 kg). Correlation between the two variables shows that as plasma homocysteine level of women increases the birth weight of neonates decreases bearing an inverse relationship between these two variables (r = - 0.326, p < 0.001 ). Conclusion: Pregnant women with elevated plasma total homocysteine carry much higher risk of giving low birth weight babies than the women with normal or low level of total homocysteine. Thus, measuring total homcysteine during pregnancy is of much clinical importance as corrective measure could be taken to avert the adverse pregnancy outcome.
Immunofluorescence pattern of antinuclear antibody and its association with autoantibody profile in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Sharmin Sadia , Ahmed Sharmeen , Sattar Humayun , Miah Md. Ruhul Amin , Chowdhury Minhaz Rahim , Hassan M. Masudul
Published: August 2016

Background: Antinuclear antibody (ANA) is useful in the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Association of specific autoantibodies with the immunofluorescence pattern of ANA in SLE as noted in Western literature has been taken as reference in all over the world. However, in Bangladesh such research work or data correlating the autoantibodies and their ANA patterns is inadequate. Objective: To identify an association between immunofluorescence patterns of antinuclear antibody on HEp-2 cell and more specific antinuclear reactivities (e.g. anti-dsDNA and anti-extractable nuclear antigen) in the serum samples of SLE patients.Methods: Serum samples of 37 SLE patients who were diagnosed by ARA (American Rheumatism Association) classification criteria and laboratory tests, attending at lupus clinic of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) during the study period of six months were subjected for ANA testing by Indirect Imrnunofluorescence (IIF) on HEp-2 cell, anti-dsDNA by ELISA and anti- extractable nuclear antigen (anti-ENA) by Dot Immunoblot. Dot blot strips were tested for anti-Sm, anti-RNP, anti-SSA/Ro, and anti-SSB/La. Results: Out of 37 SLE patients 32 (86.5%) cases were ANA positive by IIF on HEp-2 cell. ANA positive sera exhibited three fluorescence patterns such as speckled (43.7%), peripheral (34.3%) and homogenous pattern (21.8%). Peripheral pattern (100%) was strongly associated with anti-dsDNA (p<0.05) and homogenous pattern (85.7%) was also predominantly associated with anti-dsDNA (p<0.05). Speckled pattern (85.6%) was significantly associated with anti-ENA (p<0.05). Anti-dsDNA was positive in 75% of SLE cases and majority (45.8%) of which showed peripheral pattern whereas anti-ENA was positive in 48.6% cases and majority (70.5%) of which showed speckled pattern. The most commonly identified antinuclear autoreactivity was directed towards anti-RNP (22.2%) then anti-Sm (16.6%), anti-SSA (16.6%) and anti-SSB (11.1 %). Multiple anti-ENA reactivities were identified in 33.3% cases. Conclusion: Peripheral and homogenous pattern is strongly associated with anti-dsDNA therefore may be predicted that patients have active SLE and speckled pattern may predict anti-ENA (specially ribonucleoprotiens). Thus, ANA-IIF method may suffice and probably reduce the expense of detailed immunological work-up with minimal loss in diagnostic accuracy.
Pattern of dyslipidemia in hypothyroid patients: A cross sectional study
Authors: Kibria K. G. , Alam M. R. , Paul H. K. , Fariduddin M. , Hasanat M. A.
Published: August 2016

Background: An association between thyroid dysfunction and dyslipidemia prevails. Levels of total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides tend to increase as thyroid function declines.Objective: To find out the pattern of dyslipidemia in hypothyroid patients. Methods: Sixty cases were selected as a sample of convenience in this cross sectional study from in-patienl depa1tment of Medicine and Endocrinology, BSMMU. Meticulous history taking and thorough clinical examinations were done. Report of lipid profile and thyroid function tests were recorded from patients file. All the information's were recorded in a pre-designed sttuctured questionnaire. Collected data were classi­fied, edited, coded and entered into the computer for statistical analysis by using SPSS. Results: Among the 60 cases, 43 (72%) were female; 17(28%) were male. Age range was 24-59 years with a mean age of 38.80 (± I 0.35) years. Majority 38(65%) were housewife, followed by service holder 11(18.33%), 08(13.3%) were business men and 02(3.3%) had other occupations. Majority 42(70%) patients were taking thyroxin. Mean Total cholesterol (TC), LDL cholesterol, Triglycer­ide (TG) and HDL were 222.20(±42.25); 138.63(±31.51); 243.36(±83.13) and 37.30(±5.12) respectably. Conclusion: All hypothyroid subjects had dyslipidemia. The present study indicated that hypothyroidism was associated with an abnormal lipid profile, especially with respect to the levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride.
Effect of Losartan and Atenolol on heart rate variability in newly diagnosed essential hypertensive patient
Authors: Sultana Shamima , Begum Shelina , Ferdousi Sultana
Published: August 2016

Background: Essential hypertension is associated with altered autonomic function. Essential hypertension is treated with drugs which modify the sympatho-parasympathetic balance. Losartan (angioteosin II receptor blocker) and atenolol (beta blocker) is commonly used antihypertensive drugs.Objective: To evaluate the effect of antihypertensive drugs on heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with essential hypertension.Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Shahbag, Dhaka from July 2012 to June 2013 on 120 newly diagnosed hypertensive patients without any medication (group B, age 30-55 years). They were selected from the Out Patients Department (OPD) of cardiology, BSMMU, Dhaka. Age, sex and BMI matched 60 apparently healthy norrnotensive subjects were also studied as control (group A). Based on treatment, these study subjects were divided into two groups (BI and B2). Group B1a included 60 patients received Josartan 50 mg daily and B2a included 60 patients received atenolol 50mg daily. They were observed once before the treatment (B1a & B2a), after 3 months medication (B1b & B2b) and after 6 months medication (B1c & B2c). For assessing HRV, Mean heart rate, Mean R-R interval, Max/Min R-R interval, SDNN, RMSSD were recorded by a polyrite. Data were compared among before treatment, after 3 months treatment and after 6 months treatment. For statistical analysis ANOVA, independent sample't' test and paired sample 't' test were performed. Results: Mean resting pulse rate, mean heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure were significantly higher and mean R-R interval, Max/Min R-R interval, SDNN, RMSSD were significantly lower in newly diagnosed hypertensive patients in comparison with that of healthy normoten­sive subjects and after treatment. Jn both groups SDNN, RMS SD, mean R-R interval were found significantly higher after 6 months of treatment compared to their values after 3 months treatment. Again these values were found close to the values in normotensive subjects. In addition, mean heart rate was found significantly lower in atenolol treated patients than those of controls. Again in atenolol group these values were found significanLly higher than the corresponding values in losartan treated patients after 6 months treatment. Conclusion: Reduced cardiac vagal tone occurs in newly diagnosed hypertensive patients which is improved by both losartan and atenolol and in particular atenolol was found more effective.
Rupture of primigravid uterus and recurrent rupture
Authors: Akhtar Nahreen , Parveen Tabassum , Sayeeda Syeda , Begum Firoza
Published: August 2016

Uterine rupture is a deadly obstetrical emergency endangering the life of both mother and fetus. In Bangladesh, majority of deliveries arc attended by unskilled traditional birth attendant and maternal mortality is still quite high. It is rare Ln developed country but unfortunately it is common in a developing country like Bangladesh. We report a case history of a patient age 32yrs from Daudkandi, Comilla admitted with H/0 previous two rupture uterus and repair with no living issue. We did caesarean section at her 31+ weeks of pregnancy when she developed Jabour pain. A baby of 1.4 kg was delivered. During cesarean section, focal rupture was noted in previous scar of rupture. Unfortunately the baby expired in neonatal ICU after 36 hours.
Thyroglossal duct cyst carcinoma
Authors: Biswas Ashim Kumar , Salam Kazi Shameemus , Uddin Md. Mosleb , Saha Kanu Lal , Siddiquee Belayat Hossain , Islam Mohammad Asraful
Published: August 2016

Thyroglossal duct cyst carcinoma in a rare condition. Only around 250 cases of malignant thyroglossal cyst have been reported as far. We report a 45 years old women presenting with a painless swelling in the midline in the upper part of front of neck for 1 yr. This swelling moves with deglutition, multilobulated moves up on protrusion of tongue. FNAC revealed cystic lesion compatible with thyroglossal duct cyst. Ultrasonogram revealed mass is separated from thyroid gland. Patient underwent sistnmk's operation and tissue was sent for histopathological examination and report reveled papillary carcinoma of thyroglossal duct cyst.
Silver-Russell syndrome
Authors: Akhter Shohela , Islam Mohammad lmnul , Mamun Hafiz Al , Rahman Shahana A.
Published: August 2016

Silver-Russell syndrome is clinically and genetically a heterogeneous disorder. In most of the cases, etiology is unknown, only in 10% cases defect in chromosome 7 is identified. It bas distinctive facial features and asymmetric limbs. Most predominant symptom is growth failure. A case of Silver-Russell syndrome reported here who presented with growth failure, hemihypertrophy ofleft side oftbe body, dysmorphic facial profile and difficulty in speech. Counseling was done with the parents regarding the etiology, progression and outcome of the disease.