bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Features of sociological diagnostics methodology for measuring the level of financial and economic culture as an economic parameter
Authors: Kruglova E. L.
Published: March 2022

The presented study is a comprehensive scientific investigation that includes an analysis of existing materials on the topic of financial and economic culture and related concepts (such as financial literacy, economic culture, economic consciousness and attitudes) and a description of an original sociological diagnostics methodology for determining the level of financial and economic culture of any social group. The methodology makes it possible to reduce the final value of the measurement of financial and economic culture to a certain level value (high, medium, or low), which in turn makes it possible to compare and track the dynamics of data based on the preferred socio-demographic data of the group of respondents under investigation. The author identifies deterministic indicators of financial and economic subjectivity that are measured by weights, which is indicative of the objectivity of the obtained results. The methodology was tested as part of a research project (under the guidance of Prof., PhD. A. G. Tyurikova) at the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation.
Social entrepreneurship as factor of the Russian economy growth
Authors: Snisarenko S. O. , Abyzov A. G. , Malyavin S. N.
Published: March 2022

The dynamic development of society in the post-industrial period is associated, on the one hand, with the massive involvement of citizens in socio-economic activity and the expansion of initiative projects, on the other, with the development of communication technologies that are helpful for agreeing on joint activities and achieving socially significant goals. Social entrepreneurship is a social institution that, in a differentiated social structure, performs those tasks and functions that were previously randomly “scattered”among the point types of activities — charity, volunteering, along with the main essence of political activity, which should be aimed at realizing the common good. Entrepreneurship as the quintessence of independent comprehension and decision-making, reaching the level of solving social problems (along with the task of creating added value), today reflects the formation of a new significant force, a factor that can significantly change the formats for solving group and social problems in cases where market and state mechanisms do not allow achieving the target result.
A COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH AND FLEXURAL STRENGTH OF BULK- FILL RESIN- BASED COMPOSITES: AN INVITRO STUDY
Authors: Saikia Anindita , Kalita Chandana , R Anija , Kalita Tribisha , .Bhuyan A. C
Published: March 2022

Objectives- The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the compressive strength and exural strength of Filtek
bulk ll posterior restorative, Tetric N-Ceram, SDR plus and Filtek bulk ll owable restorative and to evaluate and
compare the compressive strength and exural strength of owable and non-owable resin based bulk ll composites.
Materials and Methods- The study samples consisted of a total of 120 samples of resin based composite materials consisting of 60 cylindrical
and 60 cuboidal moulds. The cylindrical specimens were subjected to compressive strength analysis in universal testing machine . The cuboidal
specimens were loaded in a three point bending test device for exural strength analysis. The pair wise comparison of the four groups was done
using Tukey's Post Hoc tests at 0.05 signicance level.
Results- Compressive strength of Filtek bulk ll posterior restorative was highest whereas SDR plus showed the least compressive strength
values. SDR plus showed the highest exural strength. Packable and owable bulk ll composites showed comparable compressive and exural
strengths except that of SDR plus which showed lower values of compressive strength.
Conclusion- The compressive strength and exural strength didn't vary greatly among the bulk ll owable and packable composites.
INTERROGATING SMART CITIES IN INDIA: DISCUSSING STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS OF ITS IMPACT ON HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Bhatia Ibdit Kaur , Yadav Shubham
Published: March 2022

This paper attempts to explore the determination of health and environmental outcomes of smart cities mission (MoHuA,
India) and other urban development programs in India. It assesses the programs, evaluates their successes and failures,
outlines their complications and gaps in addressing the urban health and environment concerns specic to India and its potential health and
environmental impact. The paper further looks at how models adopted by the WHO, World Bank and urban health experts seek to address these
gaps, which projects in India could potentially benet from. The paper concluded by calling for what urban health experts call, 'descriptive urban
health frameworks' which addresses some of the challenges posed by India's Smart Cities programs.
This paper nally concludes by suggesting that a more qualitative and equity informed urban health framework is necessary to address the gaps
that smart cities program in India fail to address. By highlighting issues of sanitation, water, housing, poverty, marginalization and inequalities,
the paper calls for a more nuanced approach in addressing the needs of cities, within the context of urban health and environment.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TISSUE GLUE WITH SUTURES FOR WOUND CLOSURE IN RURAL COMMUNITIES OF NORTH COASTAL ANDHRA PRADESH
Authors: Kiran Datta Sekuboyina , Mallapragada Ramachandra. , Laxmi Teja Peela
Published: March 2022

INTRODUCTION: Tissue glue is newer, safer alternative to sutures. To date, tissue glue was familiar amongst the urban
population, in this study, we have introduced the tissue glue to the rural farming population in North Andhra Pradesh.
Studies have proved benets of tissue glue are decreased procedure time and less pain compared to sutures.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To compare tissue glue with sutures for skin closure in wounds for the following characters in the farming
communities of North Andhra to compare cost-effectiveness, pain, and cosmetic outcome.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 50 patients attending ANH casualty and surgery OPD from October 2020 to August 2021 with
traumatic wounds were included in the study.
RESULTS: 24 (96%) cases are cosmetically good in cases in which tissue glue was applied and 1(4%) in which suturing was done (p-value= <
0.05). 1(4% p< 0.05) case had pain with glue application and 25(100%) cases had pain post suturing(p-value=0.000). 15(60%) cases readily
affordable for glue whereas 20(80%) cases chose suturing (p-value > 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Tissue glue applications have been preferred more among children compared to adults, probably due to lesser pain. The
cosmetic outcome is very good with tissue glue with minimal scar compared to sutures. Pain with tissue glue is less before and after the procedure
as there was no local anesthesia and no bites were taken. Tissue glue was costly compared with sutures which some patients couldn't afford. There
is no need to revisit for tissue glue, unlike sutures where the patient has to come for removal
SODIUM FLUORIDE DISTRESSES CHROMATOPHORE INTEGRITY AND BEHAVIOUR OF GUPPY, POECILIA RETICULATA PETERS
Authors: Shingadia Hitesh U.
Published: March 2022

The present study was undertaken to investigate the toxicological effect of uoride (as NaF) on chromatophores in skin of
larvivorous sh, Poecilia reticulata Peters after chronic exposure. Guppy is supposed to be amongst the most colourpolymorphic vertebrates in the animal kingdom. Fish were exposed to three sub-lethal concentrations of Sodium uoride viz. lowest (5.75 ppm),
lower intermediate (7.18 ppm) and higher intermediate (9.58 ppm), which were selected on the basis of 96 hrs. LC value of 115 ppm. 50
Anomalous behavioral alterations observed in NaF intoxicated sh were restlessness, erratic swimming movement, periodic surface to bottom
movement, recurrent surfacing activity, loss of equilibrium, amplied gulping and increased opercular activity were pragmatically seen.
Signicant variation in colouration was observed in all the experimental groups as compared to control. The melanophores showed notable
pigment aggregation state and/or pigment dispersion state. Structurally, melanophores were distinguished into three types viz., reticulate,
stellate and punctuate. The severity in distortion of structure and number of chromatophore increased with increasing concentrations of uoride.
Several distortions in morphology and even functional integrity of chromatophores when compared with the control group were observed, for
instance, rupture of pigment cells accompanied by breakage in dendritic processes, conversion of one type of chromatophore into another type,
augmentation and detachment between adjacent chromatophores, variation in number with complete loss of cellular activity. The derangement
in structural integrity was observed to be dose dependent and increased with increasing concentrations of Sodium uoride, thus making the sh
unt for survival. The attractive pigmentation of the male Guppy sh was abridged making them less attractive for their mate thus affecting
reproductive potential of the sh.
META-ANALYSIS OF USAGE OF MACHINE LEARNING TO IDENTIFY AND ASSESS POVERTY
Authors: Roy Anish
Published: March 2022

Poverty is dened as a person’s state of survival without the adequate nancial resources for a minimum standard of
living. Poverty is assesed through multidimensional factors like access to clean drinking water, access to electricity,
access to quality education, child mortality rates, nutrition, and so on. On 1st January 2016, the United Nations Economic and Social Affairs
department published a list of 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and “No Poverty” was the rst goal on the list and the purpose was to
eradicate all forms of poverty from all corners of the globe by the year 2030. The rst step in the goal is to identify poverty in all its forms and not
just the income level. The initiative of identifying poverty is a humongous task in itself and various researchers, academicians, statisticians and
computer scientists had proposed several methods of identifying poverty in all it’s forms. This paper unies and consolidates several machine
learning techniques proposed previously to theoretically formulate a new, robust methodology to identify, validate and assess poverty which
would be the rst step towards sustaibale development.
Pijn. Weten en voelen
Authors: Wall Patrick
Published: March 2022

Pain is one of medicine's greatest mysteries. When farmer John Mitson caught his hand in a baler, he cut off his trapped hand and carried it to a neighbor. "Sheer survival and logic" was how he described it. "And strangely, I didn't feel any pain." How can this be? We're taught that pain is a warning message to be heeded at all costs, yet it can switch off in the most agonizing circumstances or switch on for no apparent reason. Many scientists, philosophers, and laypeople imagine pain to operate like a rigid, simple signaling system, as if a particular injury generates a fixed amount of pain that simply gets transmitted to the brain; yet this mechanistic model is woefully lacking in the face of the surprising facts about what people and animals do and experience when their bodies are damaged. Patrick Wall looks at these questions and sets his scientific account in a broad context, interweaving it with a wealth of fascinating and sometimes disturbing historical detail, such as famous characters who derived pleasure from pain, the unexpected reactions of injured people, the role of endorphins, and the power of placebo. He covers cures of pain, ranging from drugs and surgery, through relaxation techniques and exercise, to acupuncture, electrical nerve stimulation, and herbalism. Pain involves our state of mind, our social mores and beliefs, and our personal experiences and expectations. Stepping beyond the famous neurologic gate-control theory for which he is known, Wall shows that pain is a matter of behavior and its manifestation differs among individuals, situations, and cultures. "The way we deal with pain is an expression of individuality."
“Comparison Study between Conservative Treatment and Nerve Block Treatment in Foot Pain”
Authors: Shihab Dr. Basim Mohammed , Khaleel Dr. Khaled Ali , Hameed Dr. Nibras Sameer , Jubara Dr. Mortada , Al-Attar Dr. Zaid
Published: March 2022

Objective: Ultrasound guidance nerve block in foot pain management is a new method in management of foot pain. It is simple, safe and cheap. We did this trial to compare the pain scores during both rest and activity and the functional ability after doing nerves block in comparison to patients who received non steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (conservative treatment). Materials and methods: We choose 90 patients in this double blind study, all are suffering of foot pain. Their ages ranging between35 and 80years, their weight ranging between 50 and 105 and their VAS pain scores between 6 and 9. We divided them into 2 groups, first group which has 45 patients who received NSAID only while the second group which also contain 45 patients who underwent nerve block. Results: The intensity of pain using VAS pain scores was small in the nerve block group after 6months, 1 year and 2 years in comparison with first group. The function scores of foot using American orthopedics of foot and ankle society scores (AOAFS) also was better in the second group (nerve block group). Conclusion: Ultrasound guidance ankle nerves block is better than using conservative anti-inflammatory drugs in reducing pain scores and improve the function capacity of the patients in patients with foot pain.
Behavioural and Histological Abnormalities Observed in Heteroclarias Juveniles Exposed to Aqueous Extract of Ricinus communis Leaf Meal
Authors: Olamiposi Omosowone Olajumoke
Published: March 2022

The study evaluated the toxicity of aqueous extracts of Ricinus communis leaf on the juveniles of Heteroclarias, with mean weight 24.00 ± 0.25 g. Fish were exposed to varying concentrations of C (0.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0., 5.0 and 6.0 g/l), in a static bio-assay procedure for 96 hours. The 96 hours LC50 values were calculated at 4.37 g/l. Results indicated varying concentrations of R. communis resulted in different pathological alterations in the juveniles of Heteroclarias. Behavioural responses observed in experimental fish includes; erratic swimming, twitching, gaping, mucous discharge, skin discoloration and death. These responses and mortalities were significantly different (P˂0.05) in treatments with increasing concentration of R. communis when compared with the control. Experimental water showed increase in temperature (°C), pH and conductivity (µS/cm) with increase in test ingredient concentration while reverse was the case with dissolved oxygen (mg/l). Histolopathological assay of gills, liver and kidney, revealed different alterations in architecture, fragmentation and haemorrhage of gill filaments, fusion of the primary and secondary lamellae. Liver showed congestion of hepatic veins and foci hepatocellular degeneration while kidney revealed congestion of the renal artery, inflammation of the renal tubules, haematopoietic cells and nephrons, hyperplasia of the glomerular vessels, pyknotic nephrons and degenerated renal corpuscle.
Efficacy of Chilli Pepper Capsicum frutescens (L.) for the Control and Management of Cowpea Weevil Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) Infesting Cowpea Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp in Storage Environment
Authors: HO Rosulu
Published: March 2022

Chilli pepper, Capsicum frutescens (L.) (whole and powder) was evaluated for their insecticidal activities against the bruchid, Callosobruchus maculatus to prevent loss of cowpea in storage. There were eight treatments (1.0g, 2.0g and 3.0g of chilli pepper powder, 1.0g, 2.0g and 3.0g of whole fruit of chilli pepper, actellic dust 2% and no protectant control) in five replications laid-out in complete randomized design. 200g of cowpea seeds were admixed with each of the treatments for their efficacy against oviposition, damage and weight loss to Callosobruchus maculatus. Percentage germination and proximate composition were also tested after storing seeds for periods ranging between 38 days and 4 months. Results revealed that chilli pepper powder and whole fruits at all levels reduced to its barest minimum the number of eggs laid or hatched by Callosobruchus maculatus preventing adult emergence and survival at 38 days after infestation, weight loss after 4 months and increased percentage germination as compared to control (60.0±0.0 and 40.0±0.0). Chilli pepper had significant influence on proximate composition as treated cowpea retained their nutrient after four months of storage. 3.0g chilli pepper powder was observed to be very effective than other treatments and control.
Buccofacial Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Role of the Oral Surgeon in its Diagnosis and Management: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Fredj Rabeb Ben , Hamdi Habib , Selmi Jamil
Published: March 2022

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic multi-system autoimmune disease with very heterogeneous clinical and serological manifestations. SLE is a relatively rare and more frequent disease in women. Clinical criteria such as photosensitivity, malar rash, neurological, articular and visceral manifestations are redefined. Among the immunological criteria, the ANA, anti-dsDNA, anti-Sm and anti-phospholipid antibodies are currently considered. Oral lesions are frequently identified in patients with SLE. They include oral ulceration, discoid lupus, lichenoid lesions, erythematous areas, and leukoplastic plaques. Secondary Sjögren's syndrome may develop. A high prevalence of periodontitis was also detected. Other oral and facial manifestations are reported, such as plaque calcification, joint damage and angioedema.Through our personal case, the role of the oral surgeon seems indisputable in the diagnosis and the management of patients with SLE.
Effect of Removeable Orthodontic Appliance on Oral PH, Candida Albicans, Candida Dubliniensis, and Streptococcus Mutans Count
Authors: Aval Farrokh Kolahi , Moghaddasi Negar , Azimi Tara , Nematollahi Zahra , Jamilian Abdolreza
Published: March 2022

Removable orthodontic appliances (ROAs) are popular devices to move or retain teeth during or after orthodontic treatments providing a good environment for adhesion and colonization of pathogenic and non-pathogenic organisms. The aim of the present study was to explore the presence and variability of oral PH, levels of Candida Albicans, Candida Dubliniensis, and Streptococcus (S.Mutans) in children before and during the treatment with ROAs. In this clinical trial study, a total of 160 patients aged 8–12 years old in both genders were enrolled from a larger sample of patients who were clinically confirmed to obtain ROAs. They were randomly divided into three groups; 1- PH Group (n=51), 2- Candida Group (n=51), and 3- S.Mutans Group (n=58). Patients were assessed prior (T0) and again one month later (T1) following appliance insertion. The oral cavity was sampled for PH level, Candida species and bacterial species by culture. Paired t-Test and ANOVA were applied for statistical analysis. The level of significance was assumed to be P ≤ 0.05 for all tests. In Group 1, PH values decreased from 6.89±0.5 in T0 to 6.55±0.7 in T1 (0.5% decrease) with statistically significant difference (P=0.002). In group 2, total Candida count at dorsal tongue was more than hard palate. Also, the difference (5.1±6 increase) was significant between the mean Candida count in T0 and T1 (P=0.001). Although the C.Albicans count was more than C.Dubliniensis, the difference was not significant. In group 3, S.mutans showed a significant difference between the two subgroups of case and control (P<0.005). ROAs change the balance to decrease the values as well as increase the proliferation/colonization of Candida specimen and S.mutans. This implicated the importance of paying special attention to oral hygiene in orthodontic patients to prevent oral disease and the aggravation of systemic disease in immunocompromised conditions.
The Early Diagnosis of the Marfan Syndrome: What is the Role of the Pediatric Dentist?
Authors: Chayma Ben Arbia , Manel Chalbi , Jihène Zaroui , Imene azi , ALI Chemli Med
Published: March 2022

Marfan syndrome (MIM 154700) is a variable, autosomal dominant disorder of connective tissue whose cardinal features affect the cardiovascular system, eyes and skeleton. The diagnosis of Marfan syndrome (MFS) relies on defined clinical criteria (Ghent nosology), outlined by international expert opinion to facilitate accurate recognition of this genetic aneurysm syndrome. The patient with MFS has multiple oral decrease that may be diagnosed and treated on time to increase the life quality of the patient. Treatment planning is related to the age of the patient, the type and severity of the disorder, and the oral health of the patient. AIM: The aim of this article was to describe through two cases the orofacial manifestations of Marfan syndrome and to demonstrate the role of the pediatric dentist in the early diagnosis of this genetic defect from the oral pathognomonic signs of this syndrome and and the therapeutic management of those children.
Odontogenic Myxoma: Presentation of a Case and Literature Review
Authors: M Diatta , G Kwedi K. G. , M Kane , C Gassama B. , A Kounta , A Ba , B Tamba , D Niang P. , S Dia Tine
Published: March 2022

According to the World Health Organization, maxillo-mandibular odontogenic myxoma is a benign tumor of mesenchymal origin. Its frequency, rare etiology, pathogenesis and therapeutic modalities are often discussed in the literature. It is a rare tumor that accounts for 0.41% to 7.19% of maxillo-mandibular tumors. In this present study, we reported a case of odontogenic myxoma of the left jaw that had progressed for several years, in a 25-year-old patient referred to the odontostomatology department of the Idrissa Pouye General Hospital by his attending dentist. The onset of symptoms went back three years. The volume of the mass evolved gradually and slowly over time. The medical examination did not reveal any particular medico-surgical history, or associated general signs. The intraoral examination revealed on inspection a tumor mass occupying the vestibular premolo-molar region of the left maxilla and measuring approximately five centimeters along its longest axis. This mass was bumpy in shape and reddish in color in places. On palpation, the mass was painless, mobile, of firm consistency, not bleeding on contact. Maxillofacial computed tomography revealed the presence of a spontaneously isodense, budding osteolytic process with lobulated contours, blowing the left maxilla in its anterior part. It extended into the hallway and made contact with the inside of the cheek, but did not invade it. The therapy was surgical under general anesthesia. No recurrence was observed at 9 months later. Maxillo-mandibular odontogenic myxoma is a rare, benign and locally invasive tumor. Its odontogenic origin remains the most likely. The clinical aspects or the radiographic presentation are not characteristic and make the differential interpretation difficult. A biopsy is mandatory for the establishment of a final diagnosis. The treatment is surgical. Rigorous monitoring is required during the first two postoperative years, as recurrences are not uncommon.
Full Mouth Rehabilitation in a Rare Case of Situs Inversus - A Case Report
Authors: KS Dr. Madhusudhan , R Dr. Bhargavi , Vojjala Vojjala , Subramaniam Dr. Priya
Published: March 2022

Situs inversus totalis (SIT) has been reported as a rare entity. It may elude routine patient evaluation, detailed knowledge about the normal anatomical structure and its variations must be known for daily clinical practice and even more critical in an emergency. SIT is inherited as an autosomal recessive pattern and is associated with multiple gene mutations. Situs inversus totalis is a condition that is characterized by abnormal positioning of the heart and other internal organs. It may or may not be associated with other congenital defects. Diagnosis of situs inversus totalis is an important in a patient who does not have any congenital anomalies, which may indicate a normal life expectancy, the patient’spresentation of common ailments may become difficult to diagnose due to mirrored anatomy. Here we report the full mouth rehabilitation in a case of situs inversus totalis.
Analysis of Bank Performance of PT Bank Tabungan Pensiunan Nasional (BTPN) between year 2019 and Year 2020
Authors: Kurniawati Sri Kurniawati , Yulius Yudi , Nursiti Nursiti
Published: March 2022

The net profit of Bank PT Bank Tabungan Pensiunan Nasional (BTPN) in 2020 decreased by 32.5 percent compared to 2019. The purpose of this study was to determine the performance of BPTN banks between 2019 and 2020 using the RGEC (Risk profile, Good Corporate Governance, Earnings and Capital) method. The method uses a paired sample t test analysis tool. The results of the study show that there is no difference in the performance of Bank BTPN between 2019 and 2020.
Assessment of Diploma Nursing Program Curriculum Implementation Using Kirkpatrick’s Approach: A Case Study at Kilimanjaro College of Health and Allied Science-Tanzania
Authors: Bulili Marco Lazaro , Nyagero Dr. Josephat , Kibusi Dr. Stephen Mathew , Boruett Mr. Norbert
Published: March 2022

The study conducted at Kilimanjaro College of Health and Allied Science-Tanzania, to assess Diploma nursing program curriculum implementation using Kirkpatrick’s approach. The four levels of the model used in assessment. Microteaching steps examined classroom nurse tutors behavior of curriculum implementation process. Aimed to assess how CBET implemented, as since inception in 2008 not assessed and that if, Microteaching technique adhered to in the process besides if implementers has regulatory qualities and experience to the implementation. These help to identify gaps of the implemented curriculum besides the way forward to the solution. Census used with the study. A descriptive cross-sectional design of both quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection used. Scaled Likert’s questionnaire following the model, face-to-face interview along with observation used as tools. Nurse tutors was the treatment group whereas students were the control group and tested concurrently. SPSS v20 analyzed the model; paired sample t-test tested the performance significance whereas eta- squared evaluated it. The results between pre (M=3.36, SD=2.69) and post-test [M=6.44, SD=2.64, t (305) =20.671 p< .001 indicated significant increase in performance. The eta squared statistics evaluation of 0.58 indicated a large effect size change. From the study, tutors were committed, had enough knowledge and experience with curriculum implementation. Nevertheless, they are not sufficient compared to the modules taught. Observed major and minor errors in the study, need rectification. Therefore; Kirkpatrick’s model of assessment and Microteaching skills are innovations to measure medical education competences, need campaigns. My opinion, tutors roles need promotions moreover re-defined for awareness.
Value Chain Analysis of Bulla: The Case of Cheha and Mirab Azernet Districts
Authors: Muluye Destaw , Kemal Seyfu
Published: March 2022

Bulla is an important staple enset product for most people living in the densely populated regions of South and Southwestern Ethiopia. However, only limited intervention has been done to improve the product even the consumption demand increases from time to time in different part of the country. This research attempted to analyze value chain of bulla in Cheha and Mirab Azernet districts, SNNPR Data for the study were collected from both primary and secondary data sources. The primary data were collected from 154 farmers, 35 traders and 28 consumers. The study result revealed that the production of bulla from enset were used more for consumption while the rest was marketed. In addition, interview and observation results also showed that the production of bulla declined because of enset disease that destroyed the crop, absences of institutional and technological enhancements were shared to existing inefficiencies in bulla production and utilization. Bulla value chain actors identified in the study include input suppliers, producers, local collectors, retailers, wholesalers, individual processors and consumers. Five market channels were identified for bulla marketing. The highest total gross marketing margins for bulla was 27.69% in channel V. The highest gross marketing margin of smallholder farmers in bulla market channels was 84.21% in channel II. The result of two stage double hurdle model revealed that, out of total 12 explanatory variables included in the model. Bulla market participation decision was significantly affected by quantity of bulla produced, enset production experience and market information. Quantity of bulla produced, education level, preferred quality of the product by buyers, marketing experiences, average bulla market price and extension service access significantly affected the volume of bulla sales. Policy recommendations drawn from the study results include improve the input access system, farmers knowledge and experience on bulla ...........
Treatment of Infected Gap Non-Union of Tibia with Ilizarov Technique: A Case Report
Authors: Uddin Dr. M. Sharif , Azad Dr. Md. Asadujjaman , Parvin Dr. Shahana
Published: March 2022

Treatment of infected gap non-union of tibia occurring mostly after trauma and often complicated by infection is difficult to treat. Daily clinical practice in fixation, soft tissue management, and antibiotic therapy, treating infected gap nonunion of the tibia remains a problem for Orthopaedic surgeons. Management includes thorough debridement, stabilization of the fracture, and reconstruction of the bone defect. The study's goal was to evaluate the Ilizarov fixator frame's effectiveness in treating tibial gap nonunion.
Lifestyles and their Close Relationship with Gastrointestinal Diseases, Part II: Smoking, Obesity, Exercise and Alcohol
Authors: Agarwal Shashi K.
Published: March 2022

The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is responsible for ingestion of food and beverages, its propulsion, digestion, absorption, and finally excretion of its unabsorbed waste products. It is one continuous tube, measuring about 7-11 meters. Different sections have different structures, pH, and functions. Symptoms of a GI disease may differ according to the location and type of lesion. In the oral cavity, the patient may have trouble eating and swallowing. Esophageal reflux may cause heartburn, peptic ulcer disease and pancreatitis may cause stomach pain, while ailments of the intestines may cause malabsorption and diarrhea. GI ailments can greatly reduce the quality of life. They can also hasten mortality. The GI system is strongly affected by lifestyle factors, with unhealthy lifestyles increasing the risk and progression of various GI ailments. This manuscript looks at its relationship with four lifestyle factors, namely smoking, alcohol intake, exercise, and obesity. Its relationship with diet was discussed in part I of this two-part manuscript.
Transforming and Financing Intermediate-Level Technical Education During Industrialisation: Sweden 1850–1920
Authors: Lundh Nilsson Fay , Blomberg Niclas
Published: March 2022

Around 1900, Sweden had transformed into a modern industrial nation. A three-level technical school system, introduced in the 1850s, ensured that Sweden maintained a strong position among other industrialised countries. In this article, we study changes in the structure and financing of the technical secondary schools, the middle level of the system, between 1850 and 1919. Both local and national actors were important in the structural changes and educational reforms, but government grants remained the same for extended periods, which led to frequent discussions and pleas for increased funding. Low salaries compared to other forms of schooling and competition from the industry gradually became a problem recruiting qualified teachers. However, stakeholders who considered the education of middle-level technicians an important matter pushed for increased funding, improvements in teachers’ salaries and employment conditions, and restructuring of the teaching to keep pace with technological development.
Gratitude Can Increase Resilience in Adolescents Who Live in Orphanages
Authors: Putri Puspita Bernadetha , Ayriza Yulia
Published: March 2022

Resilience is the ability to endure and face and resolve problems or pressures. This is what adolescents who live in orphanages must have. Adolescents who live in orphanages are included in the children at risk group, where these adolescents tend to have a greater chance of experiencing shocks in terms of emotions, intellectuals, social and behavior. In increasing resilience, one of them is by having gratitude. This literature review aims to show that the important role of gratitude can increase resilience in adolescents who live in orphanages. There are several situations that can make the orphanage youth depressed, for example the lack of attachment between the foster child and the caregiver, the regulations in the orphanage that are not in accordance with the condition of the adolescents, limited facilities and other situations. This is what makes adolescents in orphanages need to have good resilience in order to have the ability to survive and face and solve problems or pressures. This paper is expected to help increase the role of gratitude so that adolescents who live in orphanages have good resilience.
Integrity in Public Service in the City of Tomohon
Authors: Pabisa Djonny
Published: March 2022

The focus of this research is on the aspects of public service delivery, the application of integrity values ??by state civil servants and the community, as well as the efforts made to optimize the application of integrity values ??in public services at the Tomohon City public service mall. Using a qualitative research approach with descriptive methods. Data analysis techniques include data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The research findings show: 1) The implementation of public services by the Tomohon City Public Service Mall is based on the Tomohon Mayor Regulation Number 11 of 2018. In the midst of the covid-19 pandemic, it is carried out in 4 ways, namely physical distancing, online services, normal direct services (public come to take care of themselves), and walk-in or mobile service, 2) The application of the value of integrity by state civil servants at the public service mall of Tomohon City and the service user community is still not fully in line with the desired expectations. Although several applications of integrity values ??already exist which are categorized as good and very good, some are categorized as not good, and 3) The Tomohon City Government through the public service mall has made various efforts to optimize the implementation of public services to the community, including optimizing the application of integrity values ??in any ongoing public service process. These efforts are in the form of direct coaching, technical guidance, mentoring, building open communication between all components, providing complaint box facilities both physically and electronically, providing motivation and education, monitoring and evaluation, awarding, online use, and online-based services.
Improving Employee Performance Through Achievement Oriented Work Motivation
Authors: Damarwulan Liza Mumtazah , Dibyantoro Dibyantoro
Published: March 2022

The higher the level of competition in the industrial sector, it is necessary for the company's efforts to respond well to this in order to survive through internal strategies in the form of improving employee performance. Training and competence are found to be one of the factors that can improve employee performance. The main purpose of this study is to build a model in an effort to improve employee performance involving achievement-oriented work motivation as an intervening variable the effect of training effectiveness and soft skill competence on employee performance. The population in this study are employees of companies engaged in the manufacturing sector with 276 employees. Samples were taken by 100 employees using purposive random sampling method. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to test the statistical significance of the path coefficients against the five (5) established hypotheses. The findings of the study indicate that the effectiveness of training and soft skill competencies have a positive and significant influence on achievement-oriented work motivation. Effectiveness of training, soft skill competence, and achievement-oriented work motivation have a positive and significant influence on employee performance.
Development of “Si Panca" Based on Value Clarification to Implement Nationalism and Critical Thinking
Authors: Pasju Nining , Hadiwinarto Hadiwinarto
Published: March 2022

The purpose of national education in shaping the character of the Indonesian nation is through the subjects of Citizenship Education (PKn). Instilling character values ??in the eyes of Citizenship Education (PKn) in schools must start early. This is very influential on the survival of students. Various improvement efforts have not achieved optimal results. Improvement efforts are needed to instill and think critically by using the application of Si Panca based on Value Clarification Technique (VCT). This study uses a quantitative approach with a population of 81 students. Based on the results of research on the impact of the application of Si Panca based on Value Clarification Technique (VCT). In this literature study, several things will be learned, including: Civics Learning, Si Panca Applications, Value Clarification Technique (VCT) Models. The results of the literature analysis show that the application of Si Panca based on Value Clarification Technique (VCT) can instill the character of love for the homeland and critical thinking skills.
Teachers’ Knowledge About Dental Trauma and its Management in Primary Schools in Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Mayasari Yufitri , Setia Wibowo Rahayu Dwi
Published: March 2022

Traumatic dental injuries often occur in children aged 7-12 years during school hours. However, most teachers are not aware of first aid for traumatic dental injuries. There are 2 types of elementary schools, namely public elementary schools and private elementary schools. This study aims to explain the difference in knowledge about traumatic dental injury and its first aid management  between public and private school teachers. Analytical research was conducted using a cross sectional approach and the sampling method was carried out using purposive sampling. Questionnaires in the form of Google Forms were used to collect data. Data were statistically analysed using Chi-square test for any correlation. Based on the results of the study that there is no significant difference in knowledge between public and private school teachers. The highest p-value is 0.752 and the lowest p-value is 0.102 (p > 0.05). So it can be concluded that this study did not find a significant difference in knowledge about first aid for traumatic dental injuries between public and private school teachers.
Comprehensive rehabilitation of patients with pneumonia caused by COVID-19 at the ambulatory stage
Authors: Novikova Tatyana A. , Popov Evgeniy A. , Rubanik Tamara V. , Shapiro Natalia V. , Shaporova Nataliia L. , Tishkov Artem V.
Published: March 2022

Lung damage caused by the SARS-COV-2 virus is a serious obstacle to recovery in patients with COVID-19-associated pneumonia. The treatment of post-COVID-19 syndrome is currently a significant problem in world health care. Therefore, pulmonary rehabilitation is important at all stages of the disease. The article presents programs of restorative treatment, such as physiotherapy, haloinhalation, exercise therapy and hyperbaric oxygenation. Their influence on the indicators of the function of external respiration, on blood tests, CT, pulse oximetry, and on the assessment of dyspnea according to the mMRS questionnaire was considered. It is known that with coronavirus infection, diffuse alveolar damage develops, which can lead to a violation of the diffusion capacity of the lungs (DSL). The article discusses the effect of hyperbaric oxygenation on DSL indicators.
A Prospective Study of Lumbar Facet Arthroplasty in the Treatment of Degenerative Spondylolisthesis and Stenosis: Early Cost-effective Assessment from the Total Posterior Spine System (TOPS™) IDE Study
Authors: Ament Jared , Vokshoor Amir , Badr Yaser , Lanman Todd , Kim Kee , Johnson J. Patrick
Published: March 2022

Background: Given the increased attention to functional improvement in spine surgery as it relates to motion preservation, activities of daily living, and cost, it is critical to fully understand the healthcare economic impact of new devices being tested in large FDA randomized controlled trials (RCT). The purpose of this analysis was to comprehensively evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the novel Total Posterior Spine (TOPS™) System investigational device compared with the trial control group, standard transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF).

Objective: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of TOPS™ compared with TLIF.

Methods: The study patient population was extracted from a multicenter RCT with current enrollment at n=121 with complete 1-year follow-up. The primary outcome was cost-effectiveness, expressed as the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio. Secondary outcomes were health-related utility, presented as quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and cost, calculated in US dollars. Analysis was conducted following Second Panel on Cost-Effectiveness Health and Medicine recommendations. The base case analysis utilized SF-36 survey data from the RCT. Both cost and QALY outcomes were discounted at a yearly rate of 3% to reflect their present value. A cohort Markov model was constructed to analyze perioperative and postoperative costs and QALYs for both TOPS™ and control groups. Scenario, probabilistic, and threshold sensitivity analyses were conducted to determine model discrimination and calibration.

Results: The primary time horizon used to estimate cost and health utility was 2 years after index surgery. From a health system perspective, assuming a 50/50 split between Medicare and private payers, the TOPS™ cohort is cost-effective 2 years postoperatively ($6158/QALY) compared with control. At 6 years and beyond, TOPS™ becomes dominant, irrespective of payer mix and surgical setting. At willingness-to-pay thresholds of $100 000/QALY, 63% of all 5000 input parameter simulations favor TOPS, even with a $4000 upcharge vs TLIF.

Discussion: The novel TOPS™ device is cost-effective compared with TLIF and becomes the dominant economic strategy over time.

Conclusions: In the emerging, rapidly expanding field of value-based medicine, there will be an increased demand for these analyses, ensuring surgeons are empowered to make the best, most sustainable solutions for their patients and society.
OPTIMIZATION METHODOLOGY FOR NEURAL NETWORK ELEMENTS ON THE EXAMPLE OF PERCEPTRON
Authors: Бычков А.Г. , Киселёва Т.В. , Маслова Е.В.
Published: March 2022

В работе рассматриваются структура нейрона и математические методы, используемые для подсчёта его значений. Для ускорения работы по расчётам этих значений предложены более эффективные методы расчёта градиента на этапе обратного прохода.

The paper discusses the structure of a neuron and the mathematical methods used to calculate its values. To speed up the work on calculating these values, more efficient methods for calculating the gradient at the back pass stage are proposed. Various ways of optimizing the initial data set are also considered, which also affects the speed of the algorithms.
IMPROVING THE ACCURACY OF THE FORECAST OF TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC INDICATORS OF DEVELOPMENT WORK IN THE ASPECT OF REDUCING THE RISK OF IMPLEMENTING DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS OF SPECIAL PURPOSE SAMPLES
Authors: Гаращук Е.А. , Бывших Д.М. , Перцев Ю.А.
Published: March 2022

В статье рассмотрен подход к повышению точности прогноза технико-экономических показателей опытно-конструкторских работ. Представлены математические модели оценки риска реализации опытно-конструкторских работ.

The article considers an approach to improve the accuracy of the forecast of technical and economic indicators of development work. Mathematical models of risk assessment for the implementation of development work are presented.
A METHOD FOR EVALUATING AND SELECTING A RELIABLE SITUATION CENTER USING THE DOMINANT LAW OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF RANDOM VARIABLES VALUES
Authors: Трахинин Е.Л.
Published: March 2022

Результаты заключаются в возможности подбора рационального варианта использования законов распределения случайных величин при моделировании оценки надежности ситуационных центров (СЦ) в условиях возрастающей на них информационной нагрузки с учетом возможностей СЦ функционировать в этих условиях.

The result is the possibility of selection of rational use of the laws of distribution of random variables in modeling the reliability assessment of SC in terms of increasing information load taking into account the capacity of SC to function in these conditions.
ALGORITHMIC STRATEGY OF AUTOMATED CREATION OF MULTICOMPONENT SOFTWARE TOOLS
Authors: Рындин Н.А. , Потудинский А.В.
Published: March 2022

В статье описывается алгоритмическая стратегия, способствующая созданию многокомпонентных программных средств для автоматизированного производства (CAM) и виртуального производства.

The article describes an algorithmic strategy that promotes the creation of multicomponent software tools for automated production (CAM) and virtual production.
QUESTIONS OF INDIRECT IMPACT MODERN INFORMATION LEAK PREVENTION SYSTEMS AND USER ACTION CONTROL SYSTEMS TO INFORMATION SECURITY
Authors: Шепетько Д.В. , Власов И.В. , Цой Э.И.
Published: March 2022

Приводится обобщение функций DLP-систем с точки зрения их рассмотрения, как класса специального программного обеспечения поддержки администратора безопасности информационной системы. Предложен подход к рассмотрению указанных классов программного обеспечения с точки зрения моделей угроз указанных систем и нарушителя, эксплуатирующего недекларируемые возможности их функциональных модулей.

The article provides a detailed analysis functionality of data loss prevention systems (DLP systems) and employee monitoring systems (EMS systems) in terms of their indirect impact on various aspects of information security in corporate information systems. The functions of DLP systems are summarized from the point of view of their consideration as special software class to support the information system security administrator. Introduce the conceptual model of employee monitoring systems and given their functions taxonomy variant as a similar class of special software. An approach is proposed to consider these classes of software from the point of view of threat models of these systems and the intruder exploiting the undeclared capabilities of their functional modules.