bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microbial population in phyllosphere of mangroves grow in different salinity zones of Bhitarkanika (India)
Authors: Gupta Nibha , Mishra Srilekha , Basak Uday Chand
Published: November 2019

SUMMARY. Microbial population in phyllosphere of mangroves grow in different salinity zones of Bhitarkanika (India). The bacterial and fungal populations in phyllosphere of mangrove plants were investigated in order to evaluate differences in their occurrence associated with host species. Study sites included relatively undisturbed and purely mangrove area that were selected for sampling from both the low and intermediate salinity zones. Microbial population count was analyzed in 11 and 14 different and/or similar plant species from these two salinity zones. The maximum microbial population was observed in phyllosphere of low salinity zone. However, Crinum defixum L. was found to be most populated with bacteria among all other phyllosphere plant samples tested.Key words. Mangrove, bacteria, fungi, salinity, Bhitarkanika.RESUMEN. Poblaciones microbianas de las hojas de manglares que crecen en zonas de diferente salinidad de Bhitarkanika (India). Se estudiaron las poblaciones de bacterias y hongos que se desarrollan sobre las hojas de manglares con el objeto de evaluar si había diferencias entre las especies hospedadoras. El estudio incluía manglares de áreas no alteradas, y se escogieron zonas que representasen valores de salinidad bajo (11 especies) y media (14 especies), respectivamente. El valor más alto de las poblaciones microbianas se detectó en hojas de manglares de la zona de baja salinidad, pero en la zona de salinidad media Crinum defixum L. fue la especie hospedadora con los niveles más altos de poblaciones bacterianas.Palabras clave. Manglares, bacterias, hongos, salinidad, Bhitarkanika.
Agave desmetiana Jacobi, un nuevo taxón alóctono para la flora europea
Authors: Guillot Ortiz Daniel , Van der Meer Piet
Published: November 2019

Agave desmetiana Jacobi, a new alien taxa in Europe Palabras clave. Agave desmetiana, alóctono, flora.Keywords. Agave desmetiana, alien flora.
Sobre la presencia de Nostoc commune var. flagelliforme (Nostocaceae, Cyanophyceae) en suelos arcillosos de regiones áridas del sureste español. About the presence of Nostoc commune var. flagelliforme (Nostocaceae, Cyanophyceae) on clay soils from arid regions of south east Spain
Authors: Aboal Marina , Cristóbal José Carlos , Marín-Murcia José Pedro
Published: November 2019

About the presence of Nostoc commune var. ﬂ agelliforme (Nostocaceae, Cyanophyceae) on clay soils from arid regions of south east Spain Palabras clave. Cyanophyceae,Nostoc, distribución, ecología, morfología, regiones áridas, SE España. Keywords.Cyanophyceae, Nostoc, distribution, ecology, morphology, arid regions, Southeastern Spain.
Aeropalinología de la ciudad de Yerba Buena, provincia de Tucumán (Argentina). Aeropalinology of Yerba Buena city, province of Tucumán (Argentina)
Authors: García María Elena
Published: November 2019

Español. Durante los años 1999 - 2002 se llevó a cabo la primera caracterización aerobiológica de la ciudad de Yerba Buena. El muestreo atmosférico se realizó con un captador gravimétrico de tipo Durham. El análisis de las muestras permitió la identificación de 46 tipos polínicos. Los granos de polen más relevantes en el muestreo son de especies cultivadas como Cupressaceae, Morus sp., Broussonetia sp., Fraxinus sp., Liquidambar sp., Salix sp. y Pinus sp. Desde julio a octubre se obtuvo el mayor registro de polen atmosférico con el 70,84 % anual, con una predominancia de granos de polen de especies arbóreas, el 25,05 % de noviembre a abril con un aporte principalmente de granos de polen de especies herbáceas y el 3,57 % de mayo a junio sin contribuciones dominantes de algún tipo polínico. Se elaboró un calendario polínico basado en los 17 tipos de polen de mayor registro atmosférico y se lo comparó con calendarios polínicos obtenidos en ciudades del país. La floración en las Sierra del San Javier en Tucumán, es marcadamente estacional con una acumulación de más de 70% de las especies que florecen en el período primaveral. El muestreo continuado a lo largo de 3 años ha permitido observar que las variaciones polínicas estacionales de la atmósfera de la ciudad de Yerba Buena se hallan en relación con los factores fenológicos y meteorológicos propios de cada año. English.  The first aerobiologic characterization of Yerba Buena city in Tucumán (Argentina) was carried out for the period 1999-2002 using a Durham gravimetric spore trap. The analysis of samples allowed the identification of 46 pollen types. The most outstanding pollen grains in these samples came from cultivated species such as Cupressaceae, Morus sp., Broussonetia sp., Fraxinus sp., Liquidambar sp., Salix sp.and Pinus sp. From July to October the largest atmospheric pollen records were obtained with 70,84% in arboreal species predominantly. From November to April, an important contribution of 25,05% in herbaceous species mainly, and with a 3,57% from May to June without observing predominant contribution of any pollen type. A pollen calendar based on the most frequent 17 pollen types, containing the largest atmospheric records, was elaborated. We compared the pollen calendar obtained with those of other cities in the country. Flowering in the Sierra San Javier at Tucumán is markedly seasonal with an accumulation of over 70% of the species that bloom in the spring period. Continuous sampling during 3 years has revealed that the seasonal pollen variation in the atmosphere of the city of Yerba Buena, is in connection with the phenological and meteorological factors characteristic of every year.
El viaje botánico de Pierre Edmond Boissier por el sur de España (1837). The botanical trip of Pierre Edmond Boissier by the South of Spain
Authors: González Bueno Antonio
Published: November 2019

Español.  Coincidiendo con el 200 aniversario del nacimiento de Pierre-Edmond Boissier (1810-1885), presentamos un análisis de su primer viaje por el Sur de España, realizado en 1837: estudiamos los motivos que le impulsaron a llevarlo a cabo, la información que tuvo disponible, el viaje en sí y la publicación de sus resultados en la más señera de sus obras, el Voyage botanique dans le midi de l’Espagne… (París, 1839-1845).English. In the 200th anniversary of the birth of Pierre-Edmond Boissier (1810-1885) we analized his first trip to the south of Spain, made in 1837, the reasons that prompted him to carry out, the information available, the trip itself and the publication of their results in the most outstanding of his works, the Voyage botanique dans le midi de l’Espagne ... (Paris, 1839-1845).
Nueva especie de helófito (Butomus umbellatus L.) a incluir en el catálogo de la flora de Extremadura. New record of flora (Butomus umbellatus L.) for floristic catalogue of Extremadura (Spain)
Authors: López-Albacete Itziar , Gavira Óscar , Blanco-Garrido Francisco , Herrera-Grao Antonio
Published: November 2019

New record of ﬂ ora for ﬂ oristic catalogue of Extremadura (Spain). Palabras clave: Flora, río Zújar, cuenca del Guadiana, Badajoz, Extremadura. Key words: Flora, Zujar river, Guadiana basin, Badajoz, Extremadura
Sobre la presencia de Nostoc commune var. flagelliforme (Nostocaceae, Cyanophyceae) en suelos arcillosos de regiones áridas del sureste español.
Authors: Aboal Marina , Cristóbal José Carlos , Marín-Murcia José Pedro
Published: November 2019

About the presence of Nostoc commune var. flagelliforme (Nostocaceae, Cyanophyceae) on clay soils from arid regions of south east SpainPalabras clave. Cyanophyceae, Nostoc, distribución, ecología, morfología, regiones áridas, SE España.Keywords. Cyanophyceae, Nostoc, distribution, ecology, morphology, arid regions, Southeastern Spain.
Flerspråkiga elever i en enspråkig elevnorm
Authors: Siekkinen Frida
Published: November 2019

Multilingual students in a monolingual student norm. This article examines how students of Swedish as a second language are constructed as a category and positioned as subjects in education policies. The aim of the article is to analyze the steering documents with a focus on discourses that emerge in the material which construct the category of students of Swedish as a second language in contrast to the students studying Swedish. The result shows that the category students of Swedish as a second language are constructed as students; with another origin, in need of a specific instruction, responsible for their inadequacy in Swedish and in need of the Swedish language. Students studying Swedish and students of Swedish as a second language are, as categories, constructed as opposites and dichotomies. The Swedish school subject and its’ students are constructions based on a homogenous monolingual norm to which the student of Swedish as a second language are compared and categorized as deviant with reference to culture, language and needs.
Indagación sistemática sobre los factores de permanencia y graduación estudiantiles en la universidad Surcolombiana
Authors: López Jiménez Nelson Ernesto , Amaya García Karol Stefanía , Córdoba Muñoz Laura
Published: November 2019

El Grupo de lnvestigación PACA de la Universidad Surcolombiana ha liderado el proyecto "lndagación sistemática sobre los factores de permanencia y graduación estudiantiles en la Uni­versidad Surcolambiana" el cual hace parte del Convenio 619 de octubre de 2012 celebrado con el Ministerio de Educación Nacional.

En ese sentido, desde octubre del año 2012 el Grupo de Investigación PACA encabezado poir el docente investigador Nelson Ernesto López Jiménez y las Magíster Karol Stefanía Amaya García y Laura Cordoba Muñoz han desarrollado las actividades que se definieron en el mar­co de la convocatoria y que responden a cada uno de los componentes que han permitido abordar la problemática de la permanencia y del abandono estudiantil en la Universidad Surcolombiana.
Cultura visual: una alternativa didáctica para la educación artística
Authors: Castellanos Joya Norma Piedad
Published: November 2019

la imagen y en especial la imagen visual, domina nuestro mundo de hoy. Se nos impone querámosla o no - para bien o para mal. El desbordamiento de la imagen relacionada con el vertiginoso mundo de los objetos se ha convertido en elemento de investigación, pues el conocimiento de las imágenes, de su origen y de sus leyes es una de las claves de nuestro tiempo las cuales genera problemas de caracter descriptivo e interpretativo, ya que la polivalencia de significados y sentidos presentes en ella no acepta simplemente un único sentido, sino, se podría decir la totalidad de sentidos.

Desde esta perspectiva, las instituciones escolares no se encuentran preparadas para asumir el reto de la imagen al interior de las aulas, nisiquiera desde la Educación artística. Los resultados de esta investigación muestran que las estudiantes consumen a diario una diversi­dad de imágenes, sin embargo, carecen habilidades para verlas y observarlas, asi coma para leerlas, escribirlas, pero sobre manera, de la capacidad de hablar de las imágenes y sobre las imágenes que constituyen el mundo.

En este sentido, en palabras de Efland. Freedman y Stuahr la función de la enseñanza de la Educación Artística "es preparar a los estudiantes a comprender los mundos sociales y culturales en los que ellos habitan. Esos mundos son representaciones creadas con las cualidades estética de los medios". Por lo tanto, comprender no significa develar verdades ocultas en los mensajes que imponen las imágenes, ni transformar, debería ser entendido como provocar un cambio social como consecuencia del develamiento de tales verdades. Para tal fin, se hace evidente la necesidad de una metodología que permita obtener estas habilidades lectoras, escritoras y parlantes para ser dueños de esas imágenes, controlarlas o beneficiarnos de ellas, ya sea por el gozo o para el uso. Por tanto se requiere de la construcción de una didáctica de la visualidad que cimienta un nuevo tipo de pensamiento, en donde la imágen recobra un significado con relación al pensamiento verbal, lógico-discursivo dentro de los procesos de orientación pedagógica en los diferentes niveles escolares, desde los grados básicos hasta la universidad. El estudiante a través de la imágen construye el conocimiento explorando el mundo, el entorno y actua sobre él sin esperar que todo se le de. A partir de estos planteamientos la investigación realiza una propuesta básica a partir de la imágen como instrumento pedagógico de la cultura visual que contribuya a mejorar los procesos de descripción, análisis e interpretación en niños, niñas y jóvenes de las institucio­nes educativas ubicadas en la zona rural del departamento del Huila.
Necesidad de una política de investigación para la universidad surcolombiana
Authors: López Jiménez Nelson Ernesto
Published: November 2019

Las diferentes emergencias y retos que actualmente se presentan como con­secuencia de la globalización y la internacionalización de los complejos sec­tores y ámbitos de la economía, la política, la ciencia, la cultura, la tecnología, la academia, generan desafíos bastante claros a las organizaciones sociales (la Universidad es una de ellas), que obliga la transformación y cambio de muchas de sus orientaciones y de los desarrollos en ellas implícitos.

La Universidad Surcolombiana como institución de educación pública de carácter nacional, a través de su Proyecto Educativo Universitario (Acuerdo 020 del C. S. U. de mayo de 2003) y su Plan de Desarrollo 2009-2012 por la "Acreditación Académica y social de la Universidad Surcolombiana", asume la investigación como uno de sus procesos estructurantes o ejes misionales, ra­zón por la cual, la presente elaboración pretende analizar, caracterizar, orga­nizar y regular de manera sistemática las diferentes concepciones, diseños, procedimientos, actividades, agentes, funciones, condiciones y productos concretos que configuran el "ethos"de la Universidad Surcolombiana en ma­teria de investigación.
Caracterización de las prácticas pedagógicas utilizadas por los docentes del área de inglés que influyen en el dominio del idioma inglés de los estudiantes de básica secundaria y media de neiva
Authors: Bravo Moreno Carlos René
Published: November 2019

Esta investigación nació de la necesidad de identificar las prácticas pedagógi­cas y didácticas que influyen en el dominio del idioma inglés de los estudian­tes de básica secundaria y media de Neiva, tomando como centro de estudio la Institución Educativa Departamental "Tierra de Promisión" de Neiva. Para iniciar dicho proceso se plantearon los siguientes interrogantes: ¿Cuál es el nivel de dominio de inglés de los estudiantes y docentes? ¿Cuál es la actitud de directivos docentes hacia los procesos del área de inglés? ¿Cuáles son los procesos metodológicos y didácticos que se realizan en el aula escolar hacia el dominio del inglés? De la misma forma se indagó a los docentes del área de inglés de la institución educativa sobre el currículo de inglés, los recursos materiales y didácticos que se disponen en el área de inglés.

Esta investigación se realizó a la luz de las diferentes teorías, enfoques y es­trategias para la enseñanza - aprendizaje del idioma inglés; dentro de un marco de referencia delineado por los estándares nacionales de calidad para los idiomas. Para identificar las prácticas pedagógicas más frecuentes, se acudió a los parámetros de la investigación cualitativa-descriptiva, a través de observación de clases, administración de encuestas y entrevistas con la participación de los docentes de inglés (licenciados y no licenciados), los di­rectivos docentes y los estudiantes de los grados de secundaria y media (6o a 11°), respectivamente.
O consumo na formação da nova cidadania: da cidade pública à cidade Mercadoria
Authors: Alzate Hoyos César Andrés
Published: November 2019

o intuito deste texto é abordar de maneira analítica o conceito de cidadania a partir de duas questões que se apresentam como “duas caras de uma mesma moeda”, o público e o privado, tendo estes um desdobramento que parece cada vez mais redimensionar o direito à cidade e a formação da própria cidadania, estamos falando das formas em que o capital está sendo dinamizado pelo consumo, transformando uma cidade-pública em uma cidade-mercadoria. Questionamo-nos, no decorrer deste texto, que desdobramentos trariam uma cidadania centralizada no capital dentro de uma clara função mercadológica da cidade por cima da função social e a centralidade que o “público” exercia sobre esta?
Árbitros
Authors: Revista Entorno Geográfico
Published: November 2019

Árbitros
Índice
Authors: Revista Entorno Geográfico
Published: November 2019

Índice
“Urbanização e desastres naturais: abrangência América do Sul”
Authors: Neri Bortoluzzi Leandro
Published: November 2019

La presente reseña aborda la importancia del libro "URBANIZACIÓN Y DESASTRES NATURALES: alcance América del Sur" de Lucí Hidalgo Nunes para el entendimiento de estos fenómenos en América del Sur.
Cambios de la cobertura de la tierra, según los tipos de paisaje descritos en el metabolismo social. Caso de estudio: occidente de la cuenca del lago Guamués (laguna de La Cocha), Colombia. 1989-2016
Authors: Portilla Bolaños Natalia Melina
Published: November 2019

El objeto de este artículo es analizar los cambios que ha tenido la cobertura de la tierra en el occidente de la laguna de La Cocha, desde al año de 1989 hasta 2016, usando la metodología Corine Land Cover y, a su vez, relacionándola con los escenarios que presenta Víctor Toledo sobre el metabolismo social, en los cuales están presentes los siguientes ambientes: Medioambiente Utilizado (MAU), Medioambiente Transformado (MAT) y Medioambiente Conservado (MAC). En la laguna de La Cocha existen diferentes tipos de ecosistemas: el páramo, la selva altoandina y el humedal. Ecosistemas que ofrecen a la comunidad servicios de abastecimiento, regulación hídrica y servicios culturales. Motivos que han llevado a que estos sean alterados, siendo el cambio de la cobertura de la tierra una de dichas alteraciones.

En los resultados se identificaron diecinueve tipos de cobertura para el año de 1989 y veintiún tipos de cobertura para el año 2016, de igual manera se identificaron once tipos de cambio. Estos tipos de cambio se encuentran directamente relacionados con causas proximales y adyacentes o, dicho de otra manera, con factores que inciden para que se presenten aquellos cambios de cobertura. De este modo, en estos 27 años analizados, se observa una disminución del MAC y el MAU. Por tanto, el MAT ha tenido un aumento, principalmente por factores vinculados a la violencia, las políticas deficientes, la escasez de proyectos y la ausencia de asesoría técnica para los campesinos.
Imaginibilidad urbana y significación cultural en Tunja
Authors: Giraldo Restrepo Juan Carlos
Published: November 2019

En el presente artículo se estudia la significación cultural de la ciudad de Tunja a partir de la percepción de sus habitantes, expresada por estos en una encuesta virtual en donde se indaga acerca de la imaginabilidad y legibilidad urbana. Mediante este estudio de opinión, empleado como método para establecer el espíritu del lugar, se concluye que existen muchos más elementos vividos a tener en cuenta como parte del contexto del patrimonio cultural, no contemplados dentro de las imágenes arquetípicas que comúnmente se buscan transmitir en la ciudad. Se identificaron algunas características ambientales que suscitan emociones positivas en las personas encuestadas, no contempladas aun como el contexto del patrimonio cultural local, cargadas afectivamente e imaginadas vívidamente, las cuales estructuran de cierta forma el paisaje real de los habitantes, relacionadas con sus valores sociales, ambientales, paisajísticos y culturales.
La lírica santiaguera en la etapa republicana (1923-1958): posmodernismo, vanguardismo y neorromanticismo
Authors: Ramirez Castellanos Ronald Antonio
Published: November 2019

Este artículo complementa el estudio de la lírica santiaguera en la etapa republicana (1923- 1958), donde convergen las estéticas posmodernistas, vanguardistas y neorrománticas en el espectro literario y cultural de la ciudad. La investigación ofrece zonas de interés a las actuales investigaciones de instituciones académicas y culturales vinculadas al proceso de rescate del patrimonio literario y cultural de Santiago de Cuba. Se trata de una literatura preterida y desconocida por la historiografía literaria cubana. La revisión de fuentes hemerográficas, textos poéticos del período y la aplicación del análisis de contenido como método general permitieron dilucidar los autores, obras y sus diferentes manifestaciones ideoestéticas del género poético, cuyas aportaciones resultan medulares para el necesario ejercicio de reescritura de la historia literaria regional.
Teatro, narcotráfico y violencia. Acerca del drama Contrabando de Víctor Hugo Rascón Banda
Authors: Risso Nieva José María
Published: November 2019

En el presente trabajo, estudiamos la obra teatral Contrabando (1991) del autor mexicano Víctor Hugo Rascón Banda, cuyo tema central es el fenómeno del narcotráfico. El comercio ilegal de estupefacientes inscribe a los personajes en un universo signado por la violencia y esta adquiere diversos grados de presencia. De acuerdo con ello, nos proponemos analizar en el drama el modo de representación de las acciones violentas asociadas al narcotráfico. Seguimos, principalmente, los postulados teóricos de Benjamin (Para una crítica de la violencia y otros ensayos) y Reguillo (“La narcomáquina”), sobre la violencia y el tráfico de drogas, respectivamente, y articulamos estos aportes con el modelo dramatológico, diseñado por José Luis García Barrientos (Cómo se comenta una obra de teatro), para el comentario de una obra teatral.
Characteristics and Stability of Nanostructured Lipid Carrier (NLC) Aleurites Moluccana Seed Oil (AMS oil) Using Various Combinations of Beeswax and Oleum Cacao
Authors: M Tristiana Erawati , Putri Denara Asha , Maharani Arum Sekar , Putri Noorma Asha , Soeratri Widji
Published: November 2019

This study aims to determine the effect of the combination of beeswax and oleum cacao on the characteristics and stability of nanostructured lipid carrier-aleurites moluccana seed oil (NLC-AMs oil). The combination ratio of beeswax-oleum cacao and AMs oil is 3:1 which total lipid 20%, while the ratio of beeswax-oleum cacao used were F1(100:0); F2 (50:50); F3 (25:75); and F4 (0:100). These preparations are made by the high shear homogenization method because the processing technique is relatively easier, faster and it is possible to get nanoparticle size. Then characterization and physical stability test (real time, thermal cycling test, and centrifugation) were carried out. The results of this study can be concluded that: 1) NLC-AMs oil with combinations of beeswax and oleum cacao has smaller particle size than those using only single solid lipids (oleum cacao or beeswax). 2) Increased concentration of oleum cacao in the NLC-AMs oil system increases its viscosity. 3) The ratio of beeswax and oleum cacao affects the recrystallization index of the NLC-AMs oil. The lowest recrystallization index is in the NLC-AMs oil with a combination of beeswax-oleum cacao in F2 (50:50). 4) The results of the real time stability test for 8 weeks of storage revealed the NLC-AMs oil system with a combination of solid fat beeswax and oleum cacao on F3 (25:75) had the best stability. 5) All formulas are not stable against extreme temperature changes (thermal cycling test) and shocks (centrifugation) indicated by system separation.
Technological Advancements in Oral Films
Authors: Pandey B , Khan A B
Published: November 2019

The aim of the review was to explore the necessity, advantages and different techniques of oral films for enhancing solubility of poorly soluble drugs with an emphasis on the newer, state-of the art technologies, such as 3D printing and hot-melt extrusion (HME). The historical background of oral films is presented along with the regularly used techniques. The modern approach of quality-by-design (QbD) is unravelled, identifying appropriate critical process parameters (CPP) and applied to oral films. A section is devoted modern technologies such as 3D printing and HME of oral films. Oral films are innovative formulations by which poorly soluble drugs have been founds to give positive results in enhancing their solubility and dissolution characteristics. With modern sophisticated techniques, precise mass production of oral films has been given a thrust. Oral films have better patient compliance, improved biopharmaceutical properties, improved efficacy, and better safety. By applying QbD and implementation of modern technologies the newer generation of oral films are yielding promising results
Prognostic evaluation of Interleukin 17A and Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells in Colorectal cancer patients.
Authors: ALTEMEMI IBRAHIM A. , NASSR OSAMAH ABD ALI
Published: November 2019

The current study was focused on patients with Colorectal Cancer between the ages of (26–82years). The objective of this study to determine the IL-17 level and CD33 expression status in patients with Colorectal Cancer. A total 60 of (40 patients and 20 control groups) were collected from Gastroenterology and Liver diseases teaching hospital from March 2018 to the end of May 2018 Iraq. The results show Median IL-17 was significantly higher in study group than in control group (p less than 0.001), 12.13 (9.73) pg/ml versus 0.41 (0.67) pg/ml, and Median CD33 was significantly higher in study group than in control group (p less than 0.001), 73.00 (5.0) % versus 4.50 (3.75) %.
Detection and in silico Analysis of rmpA Gene from Soilborne Pathogenic Bacteria
Authors: Mohamed-Jawad Laith AbdulHassan
Published: November 2019

Soil serves as an ecosystem for diverse microbes that perform various roles and that range from useful organisms in biological and geological processes to dangerous transmitters of diseases. Most type of soilborne bacteria are harmful to humans and causing severe problems. Klebsiella pneumoniae consider a serious nosocomial pathogen that cause pneumonia, UTIs, wound and liver abscesses. One hundred fifty (150) soil samples isolated randomly during the period November 2014- February 2015. Bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae was the commonest pathogen (36.70%) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (22.78%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (12.65%), Bacillus spp. (10.12%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (5.06%), Enterobacter cloacae (5.06%), Streptococcus spp.(2.53%), Citrobacter spp.(1.26%) and Pantoea spp.(1.26%) respectively. All K. pneumoniae isolates detected and confirmed by conventional PCR using rmpA gene size 530bp. The positive isolates were sequenced and search for homology. The multiple sequence alignment showed that our bacterial gene have differences in NAD-dependent epimerase and NAD (p)- binding domain sequence at different sites. The differences in the nucleotides at gene sequence for the isolated strain which may give new approach for developing higher sensitive K. pneumoniae strains and for better understanding of the rmpA gene structure that should provide new tools for disease management.
Keywords:
Effect of exchange of gases for tissue culture vessels to produce the meristem of Solanum tuberosum in vitro
Authors: Walli Malek Hubaish , Jasim Haider Mahmooed , Al Faiq Hassan
Published: November 2019

The microenvironment in plant tissue culture vessels has a significant effect on the growth and development of plantlets in vitro. The Studies have indicated the gas exchange between outside and inside air can effect on microenvironment of culture vessels, therefore, the experiment was conducted to determine the effect of gas exchange on the production of the fabric tissue to micropropagation of Solanum tuberosum and the possibility of storage the fabric to a long time without drought to the culture. In the experiment, two factors were used. The first factor is the volume of gas exchange of the diameter of the filter (1 cm, 1.5 cm, 2 cm, 2.5 cm) and the second factor used four varieties of Solanum tuberosum (Eastma, Red Scarlet, Arora, Violet ).
Cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) as a carrier vehicle for antimalarial drugs, modification and application
Authors: Al-Refai’a Rana A. K.
Published: November 2019

Globally more than 45% of the population is under the risk of malaria infection. In this presented work, three different compounds have been tested as anti-malarial agents with and without conjugation to the external surface of Cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV). The particle developed as a carrier of ferrocene (Fc) due to the resistance to commercially available antimalarial drugs. CPMV-Fc conjugate, in which 174 molecules are covalently bound to external surface carboxylates of the viral nanoparticle (VNP), shows the greatest inhibition toward proliferation of plasmodium falciparum compared to free ferrocene which has no activity as antimalarial agent. Fc also enhanced the activity of two different compounds of 4-aminochloroqunoline derivatives 3-((7chloroquinolin-4-yl) amino) propionic acid CQp and (7-chloroquinolin-4-yl) alanine CQ-ala, after its conjugation to CPMV-CQp and CPMV-CQ-ala in 82 and 134 molecules per particle respectively to give CPMV-CQ-p-Fc and CPMV-CQ-ala-Fc. The activity of each conjugated ferrocene has been evaluated with and without using biological material. In the case of biological material these compounds have been tested against both chloroquine sensitive strain 3D7 and chloroquine resistance strain Dd2 using the chloroquine as a standard antimalarial drug. The CPMV conjugate is targeted to the food vacuole parasite of the plasmodium falciparum cell, where the pH is dropped, drug carrier is degraded and the drug released.
Physiological and Histological Study to the Effects of Monosodium Glutamate in Laboratory male Rats and the protective role of vitamin E
Authors: Ghaib AL-Khatawi Genan Musheer , AL-Attabi Mohammed R S , Bargooth Ali Fayadh
Published: November 2019

The current study was conducted at the Department of Biology, College of Science, Wasit University to investigate physiological and histological effect monosodium glutamate in laboratory male rats, preventive role of vitamin E. This study was carried out in Laboratories of College of Science, Wasit University, AL- Shaheed Dr. Fairooz Hospitals, from November 2017 to April 2018.The study included twenty-four and divided into four groups (six rats per group). the first group severe as a control group orally dosed with distilled water, and treated the second group (100 mg/kg b.w. Monosodium glutamate for 30 days, and the third group were dosed orally 200 mg/kg of b.w. for 30 days, either The fourth group were dosed with a mixture of Monosodium glutamate 200mg/kg and vitamin E 100 mg/kg of body weight for 30 days. after the trial period has been sacrificing animals for testing and chemical standards physiological and histological. As are result of by exposure to Monosodium glutamate in blood serum are negatively biochemical whole height of the level of serum cholesterol, triglycerides, Low-density lipoprotein, very- low density lipoprotein, liver enzymes, AST, ALT, ALP, creatinine level, urea serum, further more we noticed a decrease in high density lipoprotein. The preventive treatment resulted in vitamin E 100mg/kg b.w. with Monosodium glutamate 200 mg/kg b.w. (p≤ 0.05) in body weight and relative weights of organs (liver and kidney). We noticed a higher moral when treatment with vitamin E with Monosodium glutamate 100 mg/kg in high- density lipoprotein, while serum cholesterol level decrease, triglycerides, Low-density lipoprotein, very- low density lipoprotein. And liver and kidney functions have improved by low Enzyme AST, ALT, ALP, creatinine and urea serum level. Histological examination revealed that the liver and kidneys, of rats exposed 100, 200 mg/kg of Monosodium glutamate has been adversely affected by exposure to Monosodium glutamate. Whereas, the histological of the liver of animals treated with vitamin E with Monosodium glutamate natural pictures showed improvement. These results demonstrate that MSG toxic effects on the liver and kidney tissue. The more toxic than salt rate too. The study recommends to avoid using MSG as food additives and food for animals because of the toxic effects of this salt.
The Design and Evaluation of a Novel Monoamine Oxidase B Inhibitor Through in Silico Approach
Authors: Odhar Hasanain Abdulhameed , Kareem Safaa Muhsen , Alhaideri Mohammed Ridha A , Hasan Mohammed Abbas , Geldenhuys Werner J
Published: November 2019

Parkinson’s disease is an age related neurodegenerative disease. Pioglitazone is a Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonist that has been shown to display a neuroprotective effect in parkinsonian models (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine treated mice). This effect was partially attributed to the ability of thiazolidinedione (TZD) moiety in Pioglitazone to selectively inhibit monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) enzyme. In the current study, we screened several thiazolidine containing compounds against MAO-B enzyme both in silico and in vitro. Based on the resulted data and information from previous literatures, we were able to design a novel scaffold for MAO-B inhibitors. This scaffold (compound 5482440) was able to inhibit MAO-B enzyme with IC50 value of 1.447 μM. Structure-based virtual analysis showed that this compound was able to participate in water-bridge formation and obtain an extended conformation within MAO-B active site.
Relation of Homocysteine with Malondialdehyde and Dyslipidemia in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Coronary Artery Diseases
Authors: Sahab Khalid Shaalan , Mahmoud Al-Saadi Ali S
Published: November 2019

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common chronic disorder widely prevalent throughout the world. DM is characterized by elevation of blood glucose (hyperglycemia). Hyperglycemia, with time, led to several serious macro and mircovascular complications. The purpose of study was to investigate the relation of Homocysteine (Hcy) with oxidative stress (malondialdehyde"MDA") and dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetic patients with coronary artery diseases in comparison to patients of coronary artery diseases (CAD) without DM. Methods: The present study included 60 patients of coronary artery disease. Patients divided into two groups: group1 = 30 coronary artery disease patients without diabetic and group2 = 30 coronary artery disease patients with type2 diabetes. Homocysteine was estimated by competitive ELISA test using commercially available kit. MDA was estimated by colorimetric method. Lipid profiles were determined by using commercial available kits. Results: Plasma levels of Hcy and MDA in group1 and group2 were significantly higher (p less than 0.05) than controls. In group1 Hcy shows significant (P less than 0.05) positive correlation with MDA and Total Cholesterol (TC). Hcy shows no significant (p>0.05) positive correlation with very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), and Triglyceride (TG). Hcy shows negative significant (p less than 0.05) correlation with high density lipoprotein (HDL). While in group2 Hcy shows significant (P less than 0.05) positive correlation with MDA, TC, VLDL, LDL and TG. Hcy shows negative significant (p less than 0.05) correlation with HDL. Hcy, MDA, TC, TG, LDL and VLDL were higher without significant in CAD diabetic patients than non-diabetic CAD patients. HDL was lower in diabetic coronary artery disease patients than non-diabetic coronary artery disease patients but without significant importance. Conclusion: In this study Hcy and MDA levels obtained were found to be positively correlated with dyslipidemia in patients in both groups. Hcy may be one of the cause for development and progress of macro- and microvascular disease. Hcy, MDA and dyslipidemia were higher in CAD with DM than CAD without DM this shows that hyperglycemia may be is another factor to increase atherosclerotic process.
Determination of phenylephrine hydrochloride and Amoxicillin in binary mixture using Derivative Spectrophotometry methods
Authors: Aljeboree Aseel M , Alshirifi Abbas Noor
Published: November 2019

A simple, precise and economical procedure for the simultaneous estimation of Phenylephrine Hydrochloride (PHE) and Amoxicillin (AMX) in formulation has been developed. The absorbance values of first derivative spectrum 228,258 nm andm 241 nm and second derivative spectrum 238, 277 nm and 226 nm was used for the estimation of PHE and AMX, respectively without mutual interference. This method obeyed beerand#39;s law in the concentration range mixing of 2-150mgL -1 PHE with 0,20,100 mgL -1 AMX and 2-240 mgL -1 AMX with 0,20,100 mgL -1 PHE and the second derivative depends on first derivative of the ratios spectra. The proposed methods are extensively validated. All the described methods can be readily utilized for analysis of pharmaceutical formulations.
The toxicity of Castor beans and its treatment with Doxycycline in local rabbits
Authors: Sarheed Nael Mohammed , Kokaz Osamah Faisal , Muhammed Ridh Doaa Abd Alabas
Published: November 2019

The plant of castor is widely spread in the Iraqi land, and characterized with containing ricin toxin, which has a very serious effects, and because the seeds of this plant scattered in the agricultural soil and rivers water , which increases the exposure of humans and animals to these beans. Objective: This experiment was designed to study the effect of high concentration of castor bean powder in some physiological and biochemical parameters and changes in some tissues of the body, as well as trying to use doxycycline to reduce the effects of ingestion of these seeds. Materials and Methods: In the experiment, 24 local rabbits were raised and fed in the Animal House of the Faculty of Medicine / Al-Muthanna University, then divided into four groups and treated for three weeks (21 days), Control group: treated with normal saline solution (0.9) orally throughout the experiment, G1: was treated orally with a concentration of 25 mg / kg of castor bean powder daily during the experiment, G2 : orally treated 25 mg / kg of castor bean and 25 mg / kg of doxycycline, G3: orally treated 25 mg / kg of castor powder with 50 mg / kg of doxycycline daily throughout the trial period. Results: The results of the experiment showed significant changes(p less than 0.05) in all physiological and biochemical blood tests when compared with control group. There was a significant decrease in PCV, Hb, RBC, T.protein and body weights, while demonstrated a significant increase in WBC, Urea, Creatinine, ALT, AST and ALP, with distortions in liver and kidney of animals that treated with Castor beans. In contrast, the treatment with doxycycline and caster beans showed significant improvement reflected by a normal proportions in physiological tests and biochemical tests with improvement in the tissues when compared to control group. Conclusions: It can be concluded from this study that castor bean has high toxic and pathogenic effects that may be dangerous to the life of the organism. Therefore, it is advisable to be cautious of these pills and avoid exposure to them, also recommended to take high concentrations of doxycycline treatment when infected with castor bean poisoning.
Pharmacognostic and Pharmacological Studies on Flower Buds of Capparis spinosa L.
Authors: Vadivel Vellingiri , Manikandaselvi Sambasivam , Brindha Pemaiah
Published: November 2019

Capparis spinosa L. (Capparaceae) is growing wild on walls or in rocky coastal areas all over India and normally known as Maratimokku in Tamil. The current study was aimed reveal the botanical and chemical pharmacognostic standards, and pharmacological and toxicity properties of aqueous extract of C. spinosa flower buds. Powder microscopy revealed the characteristics features of the sample, which are useful in fixing the pharmacognostic standards. Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, reducing sugars, carbohydrates, saponins, phenolic compounds, tannins, anthraquinones and lignins in aqueous extract. LC-MS/MS analysis revealed the presence of quercetin as the major
constituent in the aqueous extract. Strong antioxidant activity was observed in aqueous extract centered on the outcomes
of DPPH radical scavenging (IC-50 1.74 µg/ml) and inhibition of lipid peroxidation (IC-50 4.01 µg/ml) assays. The aqueous extract exhibited anti-inflammatory activity in terms of inhibition of protein denaturation (IC-50 8.01 µg/ml), inhibition of protease activity (14.24%) and RBC membrane stabilization (IC-50 226.69 µg/ml) and also possess antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Campylobacter jejuni and Salmonella enteritidis strains. Acute oral toxicity study revealed that it is safe up to the dose level of 2000 mg/kg bw in the experimental animals.
Controlling Gas Selectivity in Molecular Porous Liquids by Tuning the Cage Window Size
Authors: Egleston Benjamin , Luzyanin Konstantin V. , Brand Michael C. , Clowes Rob , Briggs Michael E. , Greenaway Rebecca L. , Cooper Andrew I.
Published: November 2019

Control of pore window size is the standard approach for tuning gas selectivity in porous solids. Here, we present the first example where this is translated into a molecular porous liquid formed from organic cage molecules. Reduction of the cage window size by chemical synthesis switches the selectivity from Xe-selective to CH4-selective, which is understood using 129Xe, 1H, and pulsed-field gradient NMR spectroscopy.
Bacterial Peptidoglycan Stapling with Functionalized D-Amino Acids
Authors: Rivera Sylvia L. , Espaillat Akbar , Aditham Arjun K. , Shieh Peyton , Muriel-Mundo Chris , Kim Justin , Cava Felipe , Siegrist M. Sloan
Published: November 2019

Transpeptidation reinforces the structure of cell wall peptidoglycan, an extracellular heteropolymer that protects bacteria from osmotic lysis. The clinical success of transpeptidase-inhibiting β-lactam antibiotics illustrates the essentiality of these cross-linkages for cell wall integrity, but the presence of multiple, seemingly redundant transpeptidases in many bacterial species makes it challenging to determine cross-link function precisely. Here we present a technique to covalently link peptide strands by chemical rather than enzymatic reaction. We employ bio-compatible click chemistry to induce triazole formation between azido- and alkynyl-D-alanine residues that are metabolically installed in the cell walls of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Synthetic triazole cross-links can be visualized by substituting azido-D-alanine with azidocoumarin-D-alanine, an amino acid derivative that undergoes fluorescent enhancement upon reaction with terminal alkynes. Cell wall stapling protects the model bacterium Escherichia coli from β-lactam treatment. Chemical control of cell wall structure in live bacteria can provide functional insights that are orthogonal to those obtained by genetics.
On the design of precision nanomedicines
Authors: Tian Xiaohe , Agioletti-Uberti Stefano , Battaglia Giuseppe
Published: November 2019

Tight control on the selectivity of nanoparticles' interaction with biological systems is paramount for the development of targeted therapies. However, the large number of synthetically tunable parameters makes it difficult to identify optimal design ``sweet spots'' without rational guiding principles. Here we address this problem combining super-selectivity theory (SST) with analytical models from soft matter and polymer physics into a unified theoretical framework. Starting from an archetypal system, a polymersome functionalized with targeting ligands, we use our model to identify the most selective combination of parameters in terms of particle size, brush polymerization degree and grafting density, as well as tether length, binding affinity and ligands number. We further show how to combine multivalent interactions into multiplexed systems which act holistically as a function of the density of more than one receptor type, so as to achieve binding only when multiple receptors are expressed above a threshold density. We show that theory can be used to effectively fit experimental data and, hence confirming its suitability. We thus propose the design of “bar-coding" targeting approach that can be tailor-made to unique cell populations enabling personalized therapies.
PENGARUH MOTIVASI, KEPUASAN KERJA DAN DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA RAMAYANA DEPARTMENT STORE CABANG YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Susmiati Susmiati , Herawati Jajuk
Published: November 2019

Tujuan penelitan ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan tentangpengaruh motivasi, kepuasan kerja dan disiplin kerja terhadapkinerja karyawan pada Ramayana Department Store cabangYogyakarta.Penelitian ini tergolong dalam penelitian explanatoryresearch. Variabel penelitian ini adalah motivasi, kepuasan kerjadan disiplin kerja. Populasinya adalah karyawan tetap RamayanaDepartment Store cabang Yogyakarta yang berjumlah 49 orang.Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakanmedia kuesioner, sedangkan teknik analisis data menggunakananalisis regresi linier berganda.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: motivasiberpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja karyawan, kepuasan kerjaberpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja, disiplin kerja tidakberpengaruh terhadap kinerja, sedangkan motivasi, kepuasankerja dan disiplin kerja secara simultan berpengaruh positifterhadap kinerja. Hasil uji koefisien determinasi (R2) menunjukkanbahwa variabel bebas (motivasi, kepuasan kerja dan disiplinkerja) yang mempengaruhi variabel terikat (kinerja karyawan)sebesar 0,451 atau 45,1% sedangkan sisanya 54,9% didugadipengaruhi oleh faktor lain.Kata Kunci:motivasi, kepuasanÂ kerja, disiplin kerja,Â kinerja
PROSES DAN PRAKTIK BELAJAR DALAM ORGANISASI PEMBELAJAR PADA PERUSAHAAN BIRO JASA PERJALANAN DI YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Dyahjatmayanti Dhiani , Dharasta You She Melly Anne
Published: November 2019

Specific objectives in this study is to analyze the implementation of concrete learning processes and practices in learning organizations on travel agency companies in Yogyakarta in the midst of a tight competition. Then, give suggestion of recommendation of strategic steps for travel agency company in Yogyakarta in order to apply organizational principle of learners. In addition, the contribution to knowledge or theory is manifested in the form of review and additional insight into the application of learning organizations to the company.This research uses qualitative approach. Data collected were primary data obtained through questionnaire of learning organization and interview with related respondent, and secondary data.Primary data were analyzed by conducting content analysis. The method used to test the validity of data is triangulation and respondent validation.Based on the results of research and analysis, researchers found that travel agency company in Yogyakarta has not become a learning organization. This is because there are components of concrete learning processes and practices that have not been implemented properly, specifically the limited education and training.
PENGARUH PRAKTIK MSDM STRATEGIK DAN KINERJA KARYAWAN TERHADAP KINERJA PERUSAHAAN (STUDI KASUS PADA PERUSAHAAN PERSEWAAN ALAT PESTA OKI REJEKI)
Authors: Isdianto Oki , Kurniawan Ignatius Soni
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of strategic resource management practices and employee performance on company performance. This type of research is quantitative research and uses saturated sampling techniques. The sample used in this study was employees of the Yogyakarta Oki Rejeki Company. The results showed that strategic HRM practices had no significant effect on company performance, while employee performance had a significant effect on company performance.Keyword:Â HRM strategic practice, employee performance, and company performance