bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Potential Regulatory Genes Related to Heat Tolerance in Holstein Dairy Cattle
Authors: Liu Shenhe , Yue Tingting , Ahmad Muhammad Jamil , Hu Xiangwei , Zhang Xinxin , Deng Tingxian , Hu Yan , He Changjiu , Zhou Yang , Yang Liguo
Published: January 2020

Heat stress affects the physiology and production performance of Chinese Holstein dairy cows. As such, the selection of heat tolerance in cows and elucidating its underlying mechanisms are vital to the dairy industry. This study aimed to investigate the heat tolerance associated genes and molecular mechanisms in Chinese Holstein dairy cows using a high-throughput sequencing approach and bioinformatics analysis. Heat-induced physiological indicators and milk yield changes were assessed to determine heat tolerance levels in Chinese Holstein dairy cows by Principal Component Analysis method following Membership Function Value Analysis. Results indicated that rectal temperature (RT), respiratory rate (RR), and decline in milk production were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in heat tolerant (HT) cows while plasma levels of heat shock protein (HSP: HSP70, HSP90), and cortisol were significantly higher (p < 0.05) when compared to non-heat tolerant (NHT) Chinese Holstein dairy cows. By applying RNA-Seq analysis, we identified 200 (81 down-regulated and 119 up-regulated) significantly (|log2fold change| ≥ 1.4 and p ≤ 0.05) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in HT versus NHT Chinese Holstein dairy cows. In addition, 14 of which were involved in protein–protein interaction (PPI) network. Importantly, several hub genes (OAS2, MX2, IFIT5 and TGFB2) were significantly enriched in immune effector process. These findings might be helpful to expedite the understanding for the mechanism of heat tolerance in Chinese Holstein dairy cows.
Permafrost Hydrology Research Domain: Process-Based Adjustment
Authors: Tananaev Nikita , Teisserenc Roman , Debolskiy Matvey
Published: January 2020

Permafrost hydrology is an emerging discipline, attracting increasing attention as the Arctic region is undergoing rapid change. However, the research domain of this discipline had never been explicitly formulated. Both ‘permafrost’ and ‘hydrology’ yield differing meanings across languages and scientific domains; hence, ‘permafrost hydrology’ serves as an example of cognitive linguistic relativity. From this point of view, the English and Russian usages of this term are explained. The differing views of permafrost as either an ecosystem class or a geographical region, and hydrology as a discipline concerned with either landscapes or generic water bodies, maintain a language-specific touch of the research in this field. Responding to a current lack of a unified approach, we propose a universal process-based definition of permafrost hydrology, based on a specific process assemblage, specific to permafrost regions and including: (1) Unconfined groundwater surface dynamics related to the active layer development; (2) water migration in the soil matrix, driven by phase transitions in the freezing active layer; and (3) transient water storage in both surface and subsurface compartments, redistributing runoff on various time scales. This definition fills the gap in existing scientific vocabulary. Other definitions from the field are revisited and discussed. The future of permafrost hydrology research is discussed, where the most important results would emerge at the interface between permafrost hydrology, periglacial geomorphology, and geocryology.
Are Corporate Bond Defaults Contagious across Sectors?
Authors: Ellis Colin
Published: January 2020

Corporate bond defaults in different sectors often increase suddenly at roughly similar times, although some sectors see default rates jump earlier than others. This could reflect contagion among sectors—specifically, defaults in one sector leading to credit stresses in other sectors of the economy that would not otherwise have seen stresses. To complicate matters, simple correlation-based tests for contagion are often biased, reflecting increased volatility in periods of stress. This paper uses sectoral default data from over 30 sectors to test for signs of contagion over the past 30 years. While jumps in sectoral default rates do often coincide, there is no consistent evidence of contagion across different periods of stress from unbiased test results. Instead, coincident jumps in sectoral default rates are likely to reflect common macroeconomic shocks.
Definitive Cefazolin Therapy for Stabilized Adults with Community-Onset Escherichia coli, Klebsiella Species, and Proteus mirabilis Bacteremia: MIC Matters
Authors: Hsieh Chih-Chia , Chen Po-Lin , Lee Chung-Hsun , Yang Chao-Yung , Lee Ching-Chi , Ko Wen-Chien
Published: January 2020

Background: Cefazolin is in vitro active against wild isolates of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella species, and Proteus mirabilis (EKP), but clinical evidence supporting the contemporary susceptibility breakpoint issued by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) are limited. Methods: Between 2010 and 2015, adults with monomicrobial community-onset EKP bacteremia with definitive cefazolin treatment (DCT) at two hospitals were analyzed. Cefazolin minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were correlated with clinical outcomes, including primary (treatment failure of DCT) and secondary (30-day mortality after bacteremia onset, recurrent bacteremia, and mortality within 90 days after the end of DCT) outcomes. Results: Overall, 466 bacteremic episodes, including 340 (76.2%) episodes due to E. coli, 90 (20.2%) Klebsiella species, and 16 (3.6%) P. mirabilis isolates, were analyzed. The mean age of these patients was 67.8 years and female-predominated (68.4%). A crude 15- and 30-day mortality rate was 0.7% and 2.2%, respectively, and 11.2% experienced treatment failure of DCT. A significant linear-by-linear association of cefazolin MICs, with the rate of treatment failure, 30-day crude mortality, recurrent bacteremia or 90-day mortality after the DCT was present (all γ = 1.00, p = 0.01). After adjustment, the significant impact of cefazolin MIC breakpoint on treatment failure and 30-day crude mortality was most evident in 2 mg/L (>2 mg/L vs. ≤2 mg/L; adjusted hazard ratio, 3.69 and 4.79; p < 0.001 and 0.02, respectively). Conclusion: For stabilized patients with community-onset EKP bacteremia after appropriate empirical antimicrobial therapy, cefazolin might be recommended as a definitive therapy for cefazolin-susceptible EKP bacteremia, based on the contemporary CLSI breakpoint.
Associations between Daily Step Counts and Physical Fitness in Preschool Children
Authors: Fang Chunyi , Zhang Jinming , Zhou Tang , Li Longkai , Lu Yaofei , Gao Zan , Quan Minghui
Published: January 2020

Purpose: To investigate the relationships between daily step counts and physical fitness in preschool children. Methods: Preschoolers’ step counts were assessed by ActiGraph accelerometers consecutively for seven days. Physical fitness was assessed by a 20 m shuttle run test (cardiorespiratory fitness), the handgrip and standing long jump tests (musculoskeletal fitness), and the 2 × 10 m shuttle run test (speed/agility). A composite score was created from the mean of the standardized values of all physical fitness tests. Results: A total of 301 preschoolers (134 girls, mean age 57.40 ± 5.47 months; 167 boys, mean age 58.10 ± 5.34 months) were included in the final analysis. Compared with the lowest tertile, boys and girls in the highest tertile of step counts achieved high physical fitness with odds ratio (OR) being 5.39 (95% CI = 1.65–17.59) and 4.42 (95% CI = 1.30–14.99), respectively, after adjusting for confounders. Meanwhile, a relationship was observed for each 1000 steps/day increment being associated with 43% (OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.10–1.85) and 62% (OR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.20–2.19) increment for high physical fitness in boys and girls, respectively. In addition, significant non-linear relationship was observed between daily steps and physical fitness in boys, which indicated that accumulated 8000 steps/day was associated with the highest ratio to achieve high physical fitness. Conclusions: Positive relationships between step counts and physical fitness were observed in preschool children, and the relationships were strongest for those who accumulated 8000 steps/day in boys. To confirm the findings in this study, well-designed and large-scale longitudinal studies are needed in the future.
Association between Prurigo Nodularis and Etiologies of Peripheral Neuropathy: Suggesting a Role for Neural Dysregulation in Pathogenesis
Authors: Hughes John-Douglas Matthew , Woo Taylor E. , Belzberg Micah , Khanna Raveena , Williams Kyle A. , Kwatra Madan M. , Hassan Shahzeb , Kwatra Shawn G.
Published: January 2020

Background: Prurigo nodularis (PN) is an intensely pruritic skin condition of considerable morbidity. However, the pathogenesis of PN and its association with underlying neuropathy is unclear. Objective: We sought to investigate the association between PN and etiologies of peripheral neuropathy. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of adult patients (≥18-year-old) with PN, AD, and Psoriasis at the Johns Hopkins Health System over a six-year period (January 2013–January 2019) was performed. The strength of association with etiologies of peripheral neuropathy were compared to a control cohort of individuals without PN, as well as those with AD or psoriasis. Results: A total of 1122 patients with PN were compared to 10,390 AD patients, 15,056 patients with psoriasis, and a control cohort of 4,949,017 individuals without PN, with respect to 25 comorbidities associated with peripheral neuropathies. Limitations: Comparisons between peripheral neuropathies and PN represent associations but are not causal relationships. Conclusion: Prurigo nodularis is strongly associated with peripheral neuropathies, suggesting a role for neural dysregulation in pathogenesis.
Targeted Analysis of 46 Bile Acids to Study the Effect of Acetaminophen in Rat by LC-MS/MS
Authors: Prinville Vivaldy , Ohlund Leanne , Sleno Lekha
Published: January 2020

Bile acids represent a large class of steroid acids synthesized in the liver and further metabolized by many bacterial and mammalian enzymes. Variations in bile acid levels can be used as a measure of liver function. There still exists, however, a need to study the variation of individual circulating bile acids in the context of hepatotoxity or liver disease. Acetaminophen (APAP), a drug commonly taken to relieve pain and decrease fever, is known to cause acute liver failure at high doses. We have developed a targeted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method to monitor the effects of different doses of APAP on the bile acid plasma profile in a rat model. The analysis method was optimized to ensure chromatographic resolution of isomeric species using a mixture of 46 standard bile acids, and 14 isotopically-labeled internal standard (IS) compounds detected in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. Four doses of acetaminophen were studied, the highest of which shows signs of hepatotoxicity in rats. This targeted method revealed that high dose APAP has an important effect on bile acid profiles. Changes were seen in several unconjugated bile acids as well as glycine conjugates; however, no obvious changes were apparent for taurine-conjugated species.
Practices and Trends of Machine Learning Application in Nanotoxicology
Authors: Furxhi Irini , Murphy Finbarr , Mullins Martin , Arvanitis Athanasios , Poland Craig A.
Published: January 2020

Machine Learning (ML) techniques have been applied in the field of nanotoxicology with very encouraging results. Adverse effects of nanoforms are affected by multiple features described by theoretical descriptors, nano-specific measured properties, and experimental conditions. ML has been proven very helpful in this field in order to gain an insight into features effecting toxicity, predicting possible adverse effects as part of proactive risk analysis, and informing safe design. At this juncture, it is important to document and categorize the work that has been carried out. This study investigates and bookmarks ML methodologies used to predict nano (eco)-toxicological outcomes in nanotoxicology during the last decade. It provides a review of the sequenced steps involved in implementing an ML model, from data pre-processing, to model implementation, model validation, and applicability domain. The review gathers and presents the step-wise information on techniques and procedures of existing models that can be used readily to assemble new nanotoxicological in silico studies and accelerates the regulation of in silico tools in nanotoxicology. ML applications in nanotoxicology comprise an active and diverse collection of ongoing efforts, although it is still in their early steps toward a scientific accord, subsequent guidelines, and regulation adoption. This study is an important bookend to a decade of ML applications to nanotoxicology and serves as a useful guide to further in silico applications.
Electrical Conductivity for Monitoring the Expansion of the Support Material in an Anaerobic Biofilm Reactor
Authors: Marín-Peña Oscar , Alvarado-Lassman Alejandro , Vallejo-Cantú Norma A. , Juárez-Barojas Isaías , Rodríguez-Jarquín José Pastor , Martínez-Sibaja Albino
Published: January 2020

This article describes the use of the electrical conductivity for measuring bed expansion in a continuous anaerobic biofilm reactor in order to prevent the exit of support material from the reactor with the consequent loss of biomass. The substrate used for the tests is obtained from a two-stage anaerobic digestion (AD) process at the pilot scale that treats the liquid fraction of fruit and vegetable waste (FVW). Tests were performed with the raw substrate before anaerobic treatment (S1), the effluent from the hydrolysis reactor (S2), and the effluent from the methanogenic reactor (S3) to evaluate its effect on the electrical conductivity values and its interaction with colonized support material. The tests were carried out in a 32 L anaerobic inverse fluidized bed reactor (IFBR), which was inoculated with colonized support material and using two industrial electrodes at different column positions. The results with the previously digested samples (S2 and S3) were satisfactory to detect the presence of support material at the points where the electrodes were placed since the electrical conductivity values showed significant changes of up to 0.5 V, while with substrate S1 no significant voltage differences were appreciated. These results demonstrate that electrical conductivity can be used as an economic and simple mean for monitoring the support material expansion in order to avoid over expansion in the IFBR. It was also demonstrated that the conditions of the substrate in the methanogenic stage (pH and presence of volatile fatty acids) do not affect the operation of the electrical conductivity detection system.
Recognition Algorithm of Transient Overvoltage Characteristic Based on Symmetrical Components Estimation
Authors: Han Yanzan , Zhang Jimeng
Published: January 2020

The recognition of transient overvoltage characteristics is the premise of disturbance compensation of the transient overvoltage. Based on that, the recognition algorithm of transient overvoltage characteristics based on symmetrical components estimation was proposed. The generation mechanism of the transient overvoltage in gas insulated switchgear (GIS) was analyzed. Then, the transient overvoltage was measured via the capacitive sensor method. The three-phase voltage of ultra-high voltage grid was asymmetrical when the transient overvoltage appeared. At present, the asymmetrical three-phase voltage was decomposed into the superposition of a symmetrical positive-sequence component, a negative-sequence component, and a zero-sequence component via the symmetrical components estimation to build the superposition model. The model was decomposed via the trigonometric identity and the modified neural network of the least mean square learning rule was used to estimate the parameter vector of the characteristic quantity of the transient overvoltage in real time. The feasibility of the proposed algorithm was verified via comparing the simulation of the proposed algorithm and the algorithm based on dp transformation. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has the advantages of a small operand, high detection precision, and fast action.
RNase L Is Involved in Liposaccharide-Induced Lung Inflammation
Authors: Wei Ruhan , Chen Guanmin , Algehainy Naseh , Zeng Chun , Liu Chunfang , Liu Hongli , Liu Wendy , Stacey Dennis , Zhou Aimin
Published: January 2020

RNase L mediates interferon (IFN) function during viral infection and cell proliferation. Furthermore, the role of RNase L in the regulation of gene expression, cell apoptosis, autophagy, and innate immunity has been well established in the last decade. Tissue distribution reveals that RNase L is highly expressed in the lung and other organs. However, the physiological roles of RNase L in the lung are largely unknown. In this study, we found that polysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) was remarkably intensified in mice deficient in RNase L compared to wild type mice under the same condition. Furthermore, we found that RNase L mediated the TLR4 signaling pathway, and regulated the expression of various pro- and anti-inflammatory genes in the lung tissue and blood. Most importantly, RNase L function in macrophages during LPS stimulation may be independent of the 2-5A system. These findings demonstrate a novel role of RNase L in the immune response via an atypical molecular mechanism.
HUBUNGAN PENGGUNAAN SMARTPHONE DENGAN PERILAKU SEKSUAL BEBAS PADA REMAJA DI SMK X GUNUNG PUTRI BOGOR
Authors: Dewi Rostiana , Murtiningsih M
Published: January 2020

Smartphone merupakan telepon seluler dengan kemampuan lebih, mulai dari resolusi, fitur, hingga komputasi, termasuk adanya sistem operasi mobile di dalamnya. Smartphone mempunyai dampak negatif yaitu sexting dapat didefinikan sebagai pengiriman, penerimaan atau meneruskan pesan seksual eksplisit, foto atau gambar melalui smartphone, komputer, atau perangkat digital lainnya. Survey terbaru mengungkapkan bahwa 20% remaja telah mengirimkan atau ditandai pada foto atau video porno oleh orang yang tidak dikenal atau iklan terselubung.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan penggunaan smartphone dengan perilaku seksual pada remaja. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan Correlation Study dengan tehnik Purposiv Sampling. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMK X Gunung Putri Bogor. Jumlah sampel yang diperoleh sebanyak 74  responden dengan uji statistik menggunakan uji T-test Independen. Hasil analisis data penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara penggunaan smartphone dengan perilaku seksual pada remaja di SMK X Gunung Putri Bogor. Didapatkan nilai p-value (0,000) < α (0.05). berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini disarankan bagi sekolah agar memfasilitasi siswa mengenai informasi kesehatan reproduksi dan berkolaborasi dengan petugas kesehatan dalam melakukan penyuluhan kesehatan seksual remaja, bahaya pornografi, bijak menggunakan smartphone.

 

A smartphone is a cell phone with more capabilities, ranging from resolution, features, to computing, including the existence of a mobile operating system in it. Smartphones have a negative impact, which is sexting can be defined as sending, receiving or forwarding sexually explicit messages, photos or images through smartphones, computers, or other digital devices. A recent survey revealed that 20% of teens have sent or tagged pornographic photos or videos by strangers or covert advertisements. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between smartphone use, and sexual behavior in adolescents. This research method uses Correlation Study with Purposive Sampling technique. This research was conducted at the Gunung Putri Bogor Independent Vocational School. The number of samples obtained was 74 respondents with a statistical test using the Independent T-test. The results of the analysis of this research data indicate there is a relationship between smartphone use with sexual behavior in adolescents in SMK X Gunung Putri Bogor. Obtained p-value (0,000) <α (0.05). Based on the results of this study it is recommended for schools to facilitate students regarding reproductive health information and collaborate with health workers in conducting adolescent sexual health counseling, the dangers of pornography, wisely using a smartphone
Note sur une espèce minérale nouvelle, la népouite, silicate hydraté de nickel et de magnésie
Authors: Glasser Édouard
Published: January 2020

En résumé, les observations que nous venons de rapporter montrent que les silicates magnésiens nickelifères qu’elles concernent, recueillis par nous en Nouvelle-Calédonie, constituent une espèce minérale nouvelle. Cette espèce est caractérisée : par une cristallinité bien nette quoique avec des formes extérieures peu régulières et des dimensions généralement microscopiques, — par des propriétés optiques qui sont sensiblement celles des chlorites et qui diffèrent complètement de celles de la nouméite et de la garniérite, — et par une teneur en nickel très élevée pour les échantillons peu magnésiens (50 pour 100 d’oxyde, soit 39 pour 100 de métal). Cette espèce répond, à la formule 2SiO², 3(Ni,Mg)O, 2H²O. Nous proposons de lui donner le nom de népouite, du nom de la localité de Népoui où nous l'avons observée la première fois.
Traitement de texte et Histoire des textes
Authors: André Jacques
Published: January 2020

En rappelant les spécificités et les divers types de documents en Histoire des textes, on donne quelques critères de choix pour l’acquisition d’un systèmes de manipulation de documents adapté à cette spécialité. On montre notamment qu’il n’y a pas de solution miracle et qu’à chaque fonction éditoriale correspond une classe de matériels et logiciels. Parmi ces derniers, on donne une importance primordiale à ceux qui d’une part permettent la manipulation de typothèques dynamiques et qui d’autre part, et surtout, ont la notion de maquette.
The nanoeffeсt in epoxynanocomposites
Authors: Simonov-Emelyanov I. D. , Pykhtin A. A.
Published: January 2020

It was shown that the distribution of silica nanoparticles (silicon dioxide) and the size of inhomogeneities (heterogeneity level) in the epoxy oligomers and epoxy nanocomposites effect on the structure and properties of epoxy composites.

It was established that the maximum value of epoxy composites impact strength is achieved only when the particles of the optimal size (~ 150 nm) are formed in their structure from silica nanoparticles of different grades (BS-50, BS-100 and BS-120), sizes and specific surface.

The nano effect in dispersed-filled epoxy composites caused by the formation of clusters of silica nanoparticles of size ~ 150-190 nm was discovered and proved for the first time. It is accompanied by an increase in impact strength by ~2 times and proves the high efficiency of nanoparticles for creating impact-resistant plastics.

It was shown that monolithic ultrafine particles of powdered quartz (silicon dioxide) with a particle diameter of ~150 nm lead to an increase in the toughness of epoxy composites by only ~20% and are much less efficient than nanoparticles.
Dynamically vulcanized elastoplastics based on the technologically compatible random polypropylene and butadiene-nitrile rubber
Authors: Kakhramanov N. T. , Guliev A. D. , Osipchik V. S.
Published: January 2020

The basic physicomechanical properties of dynamically vulcanized elastoplastics based on random polypropylene and nitrile butadiene rubber are considered. It is shown that the higher the concentration of nitrile groups in the nitrile-butadiene rubber, the higher the limiting concentration of the elastomer to appear rubber-like properties in elastoplastics. In order to improve the compatibility of the components of the mixture, a graft copolymer of polypropylene with methacrylic acid was used as a compatibilizer. In contrast to sulfuric vulcanization, peroxide one contributes to a signifi cant deterioration of the melt fl ow index of elastoplastics.
Structuring biopolymer compositions and fi lms based on them
Authors: Chursin V. I.
Published: January 2020

Data on the properties of biopolymer compositions modifi ed with polysaccharides and structured by glyoxal are presented. The mechanical, optical, and dielectric properties of composite fi lms are estimated as a function of the mass fraction of the polysaccharide components, the consumption of crosslinking reagent, and the holding time of the composition.
Effect of polymer and functional additives on the properties of bitumen and asphalt-concrete
Authors: Kotenko N. P. , Shcherba Yu. S. , Evforitskiy A. S.
Published: January 2020

The possibility of modifying the oil road bitumen of the BND 70/100 grade is investigated; it belongs to the category of viscous bitumen and is used for road works in the warm season, with an average daily temperature not lower than +5°C. The material is widely used for repair work, and for laying new roads. Copolymers of styrene with butadiene and ethylene with vinyl acetate were used as polymeric materials for polymer-bitumen binders (PBV). Their optimal concentrations were determined for obtaining PBV with increased heat resistance and elasticity. Carbon nanotubes were used as a functional additive to bitumen.. The physical and mechanical properties of modifi ed bitumen and asphalt concrete mixtures based on them are given. It was shown that the introduction of even a small amount of nanotubes into asphalt concrete leads to an increased shear stability and strength at diff erent temperatures from 0 to 50°C.
Study of physical and mechanical properties of laboratory and industrial samples of heat insulating materials used for the production of pre-insulated pipes, fi ttings and polyurethane shells
Authors: Luchkina L. V. , Nikiforova G. G. , Vasiliev V. G. , Romanov S. V.
Published: January 2020

Polyurethane foam insulation based of environmentally friendly chemical components using novel foaming agents was obtained. Physical and mechanical properties of thermal insulation was investigating. The infl uence of foaming agents on insulation properties and production technology of preinsulated pipes, fi ttings and polyurethane shells was studied. It is shown that when using water and dimethoxymethane, polyurethane foam insulation has quite good physical and mechanical properties and can be used in the production of PI pipes, shells and fi ttings.
PENGARUH STRES KERJA DAN KONFLIK KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN DI CV. KARYA PRIMA PONDASI
Authors: ERMINI ERMINI
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh stres kerja dan konflik kerja secara simultan dan parsial terhadap Kinerja Karyawan CV. Karya Prima Pondasi. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penjelasan (explanatory research) dengan pendekatan kuantitatif untuk menggambarkan hubungan antar variabel melalui pengujian hipotesis. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner sebagai alat pengumpulan data yang didistribusikan kepada 74 responden dari CV. Karya Prima Pondasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan secara simultan antara variabel Stres Kerja dan Konflik Kerja terhadap variabel Kinerja Karyawan. Ini dibuktikan dengan memperoleh Fhitung 34,866 lebih besar dari Fabel 3,11. Selain itu, diketahui bahwa secara parsial Job Stress (X1) dan efek positif yang signifikan Performance Pegawai (Y). Hal ini dibuktikan dengan perolehan perhitungan lebih besar dari ttabel (7,006> 1,997) dan koefisien 0,000 dan nilainya positif. Konflik Kerja (X2) memiliki pengaruh positif dan positif signifikan terhadap Kinerja Karyawan (Y). Hal ini dibuktikan dengan perolehan thitung yang lebih besar dari ttabel (2,114> 1,997) dan koefisien 0,000 dan nilainya positif.
Death in Beijing
Authors: Vampelj Suhadolnik Nataša
Published: January 2020

Alma Maximiliane Karlin (1889–1950) was a world traveller, writer, journalist, and collector from Slovenia. She embarked on an eight-year journey around the world in November 1919, in the course of which she published a series of travel sketches in the Cillier Zeitung, a local German-language newspaper. In one of these she reported on funerary rituals and mourning practices in China. After returning to Europe, she was to cover the same topic in her three‑volume travelogue, published between 1929 and 1933.

In this paper we analyse these two early accounts of Chinese funerary rituals by Alma Karlin. We also consider some material objects linked to mortuary rites and ancestor worship that she brought back from her voyage in order to gain a broader understanding of her views on Chinese attitudes towards the dead. Supported by a close reading of material and textual sources on Chinese funeral practices, we compare her treatment of the subject with other accounts written by Slovenian missionaries to China in the early twentieth century. In addition to discussing certain personal elements in these accounts, we attempt to place them in their socio‑historical context.
Confucius, a Yugoslav Nationalist
Authors: Motoh Helena
Published: January 2020

The aim of the present paper is to analyse the representations of Confucianism in early 20th century Slovenia and reflect on the role of external factors – historical and political events of the time, Yugoslav internal and external political developments, social and economic changes, etc. – in these interpretations of Confucian tradition. In the virtual absence of books on the topic, the main source for assessing what the representations of Confucianism were like in the period will be journal and newspaper articles (more than 500 texts in a vast array of genres). The material analysed is limited by the time of publication to encompass the last two decades of the 19th and the first four decades of the 20th century, and only publications published in Slovenian and on the territory of today’s Slovenia are used. The topic of the paper, early 20th century representations of Chinese thought, has not been explored extensively in scholarly works. By an analysis of the 1884–1941 representations of Confucianism and Confucius in Slovenian press, the present paper aims to partly fill this gap, while also exploring the outside factors which had an impact on the type of discourse produced about Confucius and Confucianism in the period.
Od mirnega uma do splošne odgovornosti
Authors: Tenzin Wangmo
Published: January 2020

V budistični filozofiji je mir izjemno pomemben, budistična filozofija in praksa pa ponujata številne premise in orodja, s katerimi ga utemeljujeta in razvijata. V članku so poudarjeni predvsem trije vidiki: povezava kultiviranja miru s kultivacijo sočutja in modrosti, povezava med notranjim in družbenim mirom ter razvijanje splošne odgovornosti, vključno s prizadevanjem za harmonijo in mir. Glede ženskega vprašanja so najprej poudarjeni vidiki, ki zahtevajo širši pogled, npr. prizadevanje za blagor vseh bitij, brez omejevanja na eno družbeno skupino, trditev, da je um brez spola, in druge vidike budistične doktrine, nato pa se članek osredini na odstopanja med teorijo in prakso s primerom nunskih zaobljub, da bi izkušnja ene družbene skupine (žensk, nun) lahko postala osnova za prizadevanje za enakovrednost in blagor vseh družbenih skupin. Na ravni širše družbe je poudarjena Dalajlamova tema o splošni odgovornosti, ki temelji na budističnih premisah, vendar jo Dalajlama prevaja v sekularni kontekst globalne družbe. Članek se osredini predvsem na psihosocialne temelje miru in družbene odgovornosti. Poudarek članka na osebni zavezanosti in osebnem prevzemanju odgovornosti kot osnovi družbene spremembe je alternativa pričakovanjem, da bodo spremembe prišle od zunaj oz. drugih. V osebnem življenju jih lahko udejanjamo že prej.
Ženski glasovi in akcije v medreligijskem dialogu in religijski izgradnji miru v slovenskem kontekstu
Authors: Furlan Štante Nadja
Published: January 2020

V širšem kontekstu prispevek obravnava vprašanje pomembnosti kultiviranja aktivnega, iskrenega medverskega dialoga v kontekstu sodobnih migracij, ki prepoznava in razbija negativne stereotipne predstave in predsodke, dviguje raven strpnosti, spoštovanja in krepi medsebojno razumevanje v vsakdanjem življenju posameznikov različnih veroizpovedi in duhovnosti in tudi na hierarhični institucionalni verski ravni. Medreligijski in širše medverski dialog lahko razumemo kot nujen korak v evoluciji medčloveških in medreligijskih odnosov. V ožjem kontekstu bo predstavljeno vprašanje pomena pozitivnega prispevka k vključevanju (velikokrat manjkajočega) ženskega glasu v medverski dialog in versko izgradnjo miru. Predstavljeni bodo glavni primeri dobrih praks ženskih glasov in pobud v krščansko muslimanskem dialogu v slovenskem kontekstu. Medverski dialog in verska izgradnja miru sta s strani verskih in sekularnih akterjev pogosto razumljena kot naravni protistrup za versko nasilje in spore verskih »fiksnih« identitet.
HOW TENURE OF SUKUK ISSUANCES IMPACTS THE ECONOMIC GROWTH IN MALAYSIA?
Authors: Mohd Zaki Fadzil Siti Sarah , Che Arshad Noraziah
Published: January 2020

The present paper analyses the impact of Sukuk issuances on the economic growth of Malaysia over a period of 10 years from 2008 to 2017 on a yearly basis. There are six different types of Sukuk issuances which includes the long-term government/treasury/central bank (LGTC), long-term corporate (LCTE), long-term agency (LAGY), short-term government/treasury/central bank (SGTC), short-term corporate (SCTE) and short-term agency (SAGY) with the presences of the moderating variable which is the exchange rate (ER). The 10 years’ time-series data were analyzed by using the diagnostic test, unit root test and multiple regression analysis. The outcome of the study indicates that the presence of the ER, LCTE, SGTC, SCTE, and SAGY found to have a significant and positive relationship with the economic growth (GDP) of Malaysia. However, LGTC found not to be significant but shows a positive relationship with the GDP in Malaysia, whilst LAGY is found to be significant but shows a negative relationship with the GDP in Malaysia. Therefore, the Sukuk issuances give an impact on the economic growth of Malaysia, whereby with the presences of the moderating variable, the long-term and short-term Sukuk issuances can spur the economic growth of Malaysia.
A STUDY ON THE MONTHLY TAX DEDUCTION AS THE FINAL TAX AMONGST MALAYSIAN SALARIED TAXPAYERS: THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOUR APPROACH
Authors: Bidin Zainol , Ibrahim Idawati , Saad Natrah , Mansor Muzainah
Published: January 2020

This study provides empirical evidence related to the effect of some factors towards the acceptance of the Monthly Tax Deduction (MTD) as the final tax. The MTD system is referred to as a no-return system. The purpose of such a system is mainly to reduce taxpayers’ burden and reduce tax evasion as well as increase tax collection. In Malaysia, the MTD as the final tax scheme for the salaried group of taxpayers is still new. Thus, the purpose of this study has been to determine the acceptance of the MTD as the final tax with the perspective of the theory of planned behaviour. Using the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) as the basis of this study’s framework, the useable data were collected from 150 salaried earners from Petronas Berhad and Inland Revenue Board of Malaysia. The data were analysed using SPSS. The findings from the multiple regression analysis revealed that attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control had significant positive effects on the Intention to accept the MTD as the final tax, whilst readiness was insignificant. Moreover, the results also indicated that attitude was the most influential factor. This study confirms the applicability of the TPB in the intention to accept the MTD as the final tax. The findings on the usage intention towards the MTD as the final tax and its determinants will also assist the IRBM in formulating strategies or mechanisms for improvement. Implications and recommendations for policymakers are also discussed.
A PERFORMANCE APPROACH FOR DINSMAN's ISLAMIC THEATRES
Authors: Husin Fazilah , Mohamad Nik Fazli , Mohamad Zulkifli , Abdul Rani Mohd Zariat
Published: January 2020

The study focuses on a performance approach by Dinsman in his “Menunggu Kata Dari Tuhan” (Waiting for the Word of God's) (2016) and “Tamu Dari Medan Perang” (Guests of the Battlefield) (2017). Both theatres are analyzed based on the “Teater Fitrah” (Theatre of Fitrah) approach which outlined six principles in theatre production from the Islamic perspective. This approach is based on the principle that the essence of human life (nature) is to submit to the Creator i.e. Allah SWT including via theatre performance. According to “Teater Fitrah” (Theatre of Fitrah) approach, theatre performance can be a manifestation of man’s submission to the Creator through its content and implementation that is appropriate in the teaching of Islam. The six principles include story ending which in favour of the protagonist who believes in God, a character who is conscious about the nature of self-submission to Allah SWT, manifesting words about the human’s soul with good intentions, manifesting the faith in Allah SWT through particular actions, containing Islamic values that foregrounded with the purpose of submission as well as preserving ethics and etiquette in theatre staging. The research data is collected through observations on live staging practices or video recording. This study also pays attention to the issues and problems discussed. Both theatres are found to have raised different issues, but are closely linked to the issues, attitudes and thoughts among Muslim society. “Menunggu Kata Dari Tuhan” (Waiting for the Word of God) presents the issues of Muslim’s obedience and response to the commands of Allah SWT and His Messenger. The issue which directly relates to the actual behaviour of a Muslim, giving the audience an example of how they should react in a situation. Meanwhile, “Tamu dari Medan Perang” (Guests of the Battlefield) discusses on jihad and Muslim’s understanding about it. In conclusion, characters and story’s ending are in line with the principles outlined by pendekatan “Teater Fitrah” (Theatre of Fitrah). In the context of directing the performances, both theatres feature a relatively small number of characters. This strategy makes easy for the director in controlling the movements and interaction between one actors to another actor, especially among female and male characters.
EXPLORING THE IDEAS OF HYPERLOCAL NEWS AS A FUTURE JOURNALISM
Authors: Kamarulbaid Afiqah Mior , Wan Abas Wan Anita , Omar Siti Zobidah , Bidin Rosmiza
Published: January 2020

This study is to explore the ideas of hyperlocal news as future journalism. As the economy weakens, the general trend of declining circulation and advertising revenue for the past few years, Malaysia's media industry has begun downsizing or wrapping up certain segments of their operations. Utusan Melayu offers VSS to more than half its workers as part of its restructuring exercise to reduce overall costs due to the company's financial constraints, the same goes for Media Prima and Astro. The new media on news platforms has changes the practices of news making. Growing body research on digital journalism and news on digital media but little has been undertaken into the potential of hyperlocal news as future journalism. In this paper, researcher review articles related to the study of hyperlocal news, digital journalism and new media. By conducting this study, a deeper understanding of what is hyperlocal media, what the roles and how this hyperlocal media as a future of local journalism.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING JOLLY PHONICS BLENDING PHONEMES TO YEAR 3 ENGLISH LANGUAGE CLASSROOM
Authors: Ahmad Zulkifli , Md Yunus Melor
Published: January 2020

Poor word identifying skill has become an issue among weak students in the education system. Students with good skill of able to identifying words at glance are able to develop and improve their overall reading performance across subjects in the school compared to the weak students who has poor word identifying skill. This problem has not only brought a temporary halt to teachers to teach but also to students to understand any information or tasks transmitted through the teaching and learning process. In the process of word identifying skill, students must be able to recognize the sounds of letters which are phonemes that form a word. For that reason, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of using Jolly Phonics Blending Phonemes to 30 pupils of the Year 3 EL learners. This study uses the mix-mode method that uses the quantitative and qualitative research method to analysed the effect of the Jolly Phonics Blending Phonemes to the experimental group and the control group in the same school in six months. The findings have discovered that the experimental group had showed an overall increase in scores and interest towards the phonics teaching compared the control group that uses the traditional method of teaching phonics. The introduction of Jolly Phonics Blending Phonemes does affect the performance among the poor learners in the Year 3 EL classroom.
SECULARISM: THE PROPAGATED FACTORS AND STEPS TO OVERCOME FROM THE ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Ibrahim Mohd Yusri
Published: January 2020

This working paper discusses the issue of secularism facing the Muslims today. The phenomenon attack Western thought on Muslim is worrying. Misleading ideology (ghazwah al-fikr) that hit the Muslim is mind in most Muslim countries after a phase of Western colonialism. The results of various beliefs are open to the values of Islam high and pure as secularism, liberalism, materialism and feminism that denies the existence of the Islamic system of governing the ummah. The study involves a qualitative study of outcomes Islamic scholar who wrought through their research data and information , Thereby, this paper examines the phenomenon of Western thought attacks on the Muslim mind in particular the history and understand the emergence of secularism in the West, features and doctrinal teachings, and the form of absorption in the field of life and the implications or effects on the supremacy of religion and steps to overcome from the perspective of Islam.
DEVELOPMENT FACTORS OF THE COALITION CLEAN AND FAIR ELECTION (2006-2017)
Authors: Margaret Chin Kah Mun , Boyman Siti Noranizahhafizah
Published: January 2020

The Coalition for Clean and Fair Elections (BERSIH) was established in 2006. Since 2007, BERSIH has held five public assemblies. BERSIH has marked a new chapter in the democratic system of Malaysia and strives to fight for a reformation in the Malaysian democracy, particularly in ensuring the transparency of the electoral system and administration. This research is conducted to identify factors that lead to BERSIH’s development from year 2006 to 2017. Semi-structured interviews and document analysis in qualitative discipline have been used to complete the research. A total of seven informants have been chosen among the organizers of BERSIH rallies, politicians and academics in this research. The results of this study found that BERSIH's development was driven by internal factors and external factors. Among the internal factors are organizational leadership and organizational integration. Whereas external factors of BERSIH development are expansion of democratic space, changing of Malaysia's political landscape and rapid use of social media. The factors identified above have resulted in significant developments in BERSIH for 11 years from its inception. Overall, the Bersih rally also has a positive implication in the democratization of Malaysia and the reform of the electoral system and public institutions in Malaysia.
THE PLATFORM OF MOOC (MASSIVE OPEN ONLINE COURSE) ON OPEN LEARNING: ISSUES AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Haron Hafiza , Mohd Yusof Ahmad Rizal , Samad Hafiza , Ismail Noraini , Juanita Anis , Yusof Hafidzan
Published: January 2020

Naturally, MOOC or Massive Open Online Course is a course design for a distance learner. The platform which is provided by Open Learning is a course that's open anywhere as learner connected with all the equipment needed and of course the Internet speed is a major concern. The growth of the Internet and all sorts of devices such as computers, notebook, and tab has made learning more effective and fun for everyone. Thus, MOOC becomes a popular method of e-learning as it can provide the material of the course accessible by everybody, not only for a distance learner, but most of higher educational institution has taken for granted the benefit of these platforms. This paper attempted to discuss the definition and a brief history of MOOCs and observes it from various dimensions of issues: pedagogical, technological implementations and challenges in the digital era. Therefore, literature reviews on MOOCs model and characteristics, a timeline of its development and a practical concern with the involvement of well-known MOOCs providers are presented.
SELF-RESILIENCE THAT INFLUENCES THE DROPOUT AMONG INDIAN STUDENTS IN THE DISTRICT OF KUALA MUDA, KEDAH: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Subra TH. , Abdullah Mohamad Ainuddin Iskandar Lee , Devi Kala
Published: January 2020

Indian students in Malaysia are left behind in terms of education compared to other races. There are several reasons that have been identified as contributing factors to the dropout of Indian students particularly in the secondary schools. Among them is the problem of lack of self-resilience that causes students to overcome the challenges of life and drop out of school. This study aims to examine the influence of self-esteem among Indian students in dropout in Kuala Muda district. The objectives of the study were to identify patterns and characteristics of resilience, to what extent are aspects of student self-resilience influencing dropout and to identify strategies for enhancing student self-esteem. The researcher applies dimensions of self-resilience as in the Masten & Reed Resilience Model. The scope of the study was focused on Indian students in Kuala Muda District and the study sample was limited to five respondents only as this study applied a qualitative study using the interview method. Respondents will be interviewed more than once if it is necessary to clearly identify the nature of the respondents' self-resilience. This research uses student interviewing and observation methods. The study found that Indian students lack the self-confidence to cope with various school life challenges that influences them to drop out of school. However, as time moves on, the state of their mind enters into a moment of maturity that emphasizes that they still have the hope and confidence in themselves to improve their lives despite their difficulties and shortcomings. Some suggestions have also been put forward to enhance the resilience of Indian students.