bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What to Expect from Primary Inferior Oblique Overaction After Esotropia Surgery
Authors: Freitas-da-Costa Paulo , Alves Hélio , Santos-Silva Renato , Falcão-Reis Fernando , Breda Jorge , Magalhães Augusto
Published: April 2023

Background Overelevation in adduction is a common feature of patients with primary esotropia. This study evaluates the variation in ocular motility pattern in patients with primary inferior oblique (IO) muscle overaction after esotropia surgery.Methods The medical records of consecutive patients who underwent surgery for infantile, partially accommodative, and basic esotropia over eleven years and had at least one year of follow-up were reviewed. Patients with primary inferior oblique muscle overaction (IOOA) presented at baseline or during follow-up were selected and divided according to the first surgery performed concurrently with horizontal rectus surgery: without IO recession (NO-recess), with unilateral IO recession (UNIL-recess), and with bilateral IO recession (BIL-recess). The success and recurrence rates and the evolution of the non-operated IO muscles were evaluated.Results One hundred and ten patients were included – 53 NO-recess, 26 UNIL-recess, and 31 BIL-recess. Medial rectus muscle posterior fixation sutures surgery (PFS) was performed in 88.2% of patients for esotropia. A recession with graded anterior transposition was the weakening IO procedure. In the NO-recess group, 28 (52.8%) patients normalized their mild IOOA after PFS surgery alone. In the UNI-recess group, 16 (61.5%) patients showed worsening of the fellow eye IO muscle, which prompted additional surgery in 10 patients. In the BIL-recess group, all 31 patients (100%, 62 eyes) improved the adduction pattern of the operated eye. The surgical success rate was 88.5% in the UNIL-recess group and 80.6% in the BIL-recess group.Conclusion Graded anterior transposition of the inferior oblique muscle effectively normalizes versions. However, it’s frequent for a contralateral overaction to become manifest after unilateral IO surgery.
Von – Willebrand Factor, a Possible Biomarker for Disease Activity in Vasculitis
Authors: Keret Shiri , Mazareeb Jomana , Snir Ayelet , Shouval Aniela , Awisat Abid , Kaly Lisa , Rosner Itzhak , Rozenbaum Michael , Boulman Nina , Hardak Emilia , Slobodin Gleb , Rimar Doron
Published: April 2023

Background: Inflammation markers commonly used to evaluate disease activity in vasculitis, C- reactive protein (CRP) and sedimentation rate, are often normal despite active disease. Von – Willebrand factor (vWF), is synthesized primarily in endothelial cells and secreted in response to vascular damage. Sporadic reports suggested increased vWF levels in vasculitis.Aim: To evaluate vWF serum concentration in patients with vasculitis as a marker of disease activity.Methods: Adult patients with systemic vasculitis were prospectively enrolled. Disease activity was recorded using the Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (BVAS) v3. Blood group adjusted vWF antigen serum level was evaluated at diagnosis and when available after treatment.Results: Twenty-five patients with systemic vasculitis were compared to 15 healthy controls. The mean age of patients was 56 ± 17 years and 56% were women. 40% had ANCA-associated vasculitis; 20% had giant cell arteritis; 16% had polyarteritis nodosa; 8% had Takayasu arteritis and the rest had other vasculitides. The mean disease duration was 3.4 ± 4.8 years. Mean vWF was higher in patients with active vasculitis compared to patients in remission or low disease activity state and healthy controls- 212%±81, 159%±80, and 106%±26, respectively. vWF levels directly correlated with BVAS. In 13 patients with active vasculitis who reached remission or LDA after treatment, vWF level at follow-up decreased significantly. In 3/5 patients who were treated with IL-6 inhibitors, vWF was elevated despite normal CRP levels, while clinically vasculitis was active.Conclusion: vWF Ag serum level is increased in active vasculitis and is suggested as a biomarker for disease activity.
Elliptic Quaternion and Elliptic linear Interpolation
Authors: Ghadami Raheleh , Yaylı Yusuf
Published: April 2023

On a sphere in Euclidean space, spherical spline quaternion interpolation has been carried out using quaternions. Using elliptic quaternions, we performed linear interpolation on an ellipsoid in this research. This interpolation curve is called Elerp elliptic linear interpolation. In addition, ESquad (spline elliptic quaternion interpolation) is defined by using the group structure feature of elliptic quaternion on ellipsoid.
Time-resolved FTIR Difference Spectroscopy for the Study of Photosystem I with High Potential Naphthoquinones Incorporated into the A 1 Binding Site. Identification of Neutral State Quinone Bands
Authors: Hastings Gary , Agarwala Neva
Published: April 2023

Time-resolved step-scan FTIR difference spectroscopy at 77 K has been used to study cyanobacterial photosystem I (PSI) from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 with four high-potential, 1,4–naphthoquinones (NQs) incorporated into the A1 binding site. The incorporated quinones are 2–chloro–NQ (2ClNQ), 2–bromo–NQ (2BrNQ), 2,3–dichloro–NQ (Cl2NQ), and 2,3–dibromo–NQ (Br2NQ). For completeness 2-methyl-NQ (2MNQ) was also incorporated and studied. Here we focus on spectra in the previously unexplored 1400 − 1200 cm− 1 spectral region. In this region several bands are identified and assigned to the neutral state of the incorporated quinones. This is important as identification of neutral state quinone bands in the regular 1700 − 1600 cm− 1 region has proven difficult in the past. For neutral PhQ in PSI a broad, intense band appears at ⁓1300 cm− 1. For the symmetric di-substituted NQs (Cl2NQ/Br2NQ) a single intense neutral state band is found at ~ 1280/1269 cm− 1, respectively. For both mono-substituted NQs, 2ClNQ and 2BrNQ, however, two neutral state bands are observed near 1280 and ⁓1250 cm− 1, respectively. These observations from time-resolved spectra agree well with conclusions drawn from absorption spectra of the NQs in THF, which are also presented here. Density functional theory (DFT) based vibrational frequency calculations are also undertaken allowing an identification of the normal modes associated with the neutral state quinone bands. Multiple types of double difference spectra are compared and it is shown that this comparison is a potent approach for band identification in highly convoluted spectra.
Persistent descending mesocolon as a vital risk factor for anastomotic failure and prolonged operative time for sigmoid colon and rectal cancers
Authors: Mei Shiwen , Zhang Mingguang , Ye Feng , Qiu Wenlong , Quan Jichuan , Zhuang Meng , Wang Xishan , Tang Jianqiang
Published: April 2023

Background The diagnostic criteria and effect of persistent descending mesocolon (PDM) on sigmoid and rectal cancers (SRCs) remain controversial. This study aims to clarify PDM patients' radiological features and short-term surgical results.
Method From January 2020 to December 2021, radiological imaging data from 845 consecutive patients were retrospectively analyzed using multiplanar reconstruction (MRP) and maximum intensity projection (MIP). PDM is deﬁned as the condition wherein the right margin of the descending colon is located medially to the left renal hilum; this is usually proved intraoperatively. The anatomical features and surgical results of PDM patients were compared with those of non-PDM patients.
Results The frequency of PDM was 3.8%. The lengths from the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) to the inferior mesenteric vein (1.6 vs. 2.5 cm, p＜0.001), IMA to marginal artery arch (2.7 vs. 8.4 cm, p＜0.001), and IMA to the colon (3.5 vs. 9.8 cm, p＜0.001) were significantly shorter in the PDM group than those in the non-PDM group. The conversion to open surgery (12.5% vs. 1.2%, p=0.001), operative time (207.5 vs. 156 min, p=0.001), intraoperative blood loss (p＜0.001), marginal arch injury (15.6% vs. 1.1%, p＜0.001), splenic flexure free (21.9% vs. 3.3%, p＜0.001), and Hartmann procedure (15.6% vs. 0.1%, p＜0.001) were significantly higher in the PDM group. Moreover, PDM was an independent risk factor for prolonged operative time (OR=3.205, p=0.004) and anastomotic failure (OR=7.601, p=0.003).
Conclusion PDM was an independent risk factor for prolonged operative time and anastomotic failure in SRC surgery. Preoperative radiological evaluation using MRP and MIP can help surgeons better handle this rare congenital variant.
miR-22-3p regulates hepatocellular carcinoma invasion and proliferation through the Rap1/mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Hao Yuesong , Su Huizhao , Wei Pingzhen , Li Yizheng , Cui Ping
Published: April 2023

Objective Liver cancer is a deadly cancer worldwide. As important biomarkers, miRNAs play important roles in different tumors but the mechanism of miRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma is unclear. This study aims at exploring the regulatory function and mechanisms linked to miR-22-3p in hepatoma.Methods A proper miR-22-3p evaluation has been perfomed in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Different assays evaluated cell migration, invasion and expansion, including the CCK8, colony formation and transwell ones. The dual luciferase reporter analysis explored how miR-22-3p and Rap1B were related together. A xenograft model in nude mice was also developed.Results Low miR-22-3p levels were poorly prognostic in patients with hepatoma. The miR-22-3p expression was downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues. In hepatocellular carcinoma cells, silencing miR-22-3p significantly favored cell expansion, migration and invasion, whereas miR22-3p overexpression determined opposite findings. The miR-22-3p bound to Rap1B 3’ UTR regulated the expression of Rap1B, thereby further activating its downstream signaling molecules.Conclusion In hepatocellular carcinoma, the miR-22-3p influenced cell expansion, invasion and migration through the novel target Rap1B and the mTOR pathway.
Adoption of Artificial Intelligence in the Ugandan Health Sector: a review of Literature
Authors: Mirugwe Alex
Published: April 2023

This paper presents a comprehensive literature review on the application of artificial intelligence techniques in Ugandan healthcare and the medical industry. Recently, the data generated in the health domain has exceeded the human cognitive capacity to analyze it effectively. Several approaches have been suggested to address this problem but in several studies, Artificial Intelligence has been found to be the best and the most effective solution as far as speed, accuracy, robustness, and reliability are concerned. We searched and reviewed AI health-related peer-reviewed articles in ScienceDirect, Springer, PubMed, arXiv, IEEE Xplore, medRxiv, PLOS, Wiley Online Library, BioMed Central, bioRxiv, and Scopus published between 2012 and 2022. This literature survey covered 38 research papers, and the review showed that the most applied AI subfields are statistical learning, machine learning, and deep learning. The paper highlights the challenges, gaps, and opportunities required to improve and advance the application of AI in the Ugandan healthcare industry. We believe this study will help researchers and policymakers to foster AI innovations better.
Does IFRS mandatory adoption promote economic growth in European countries via Cost of Capital: Pooled Mean Group-ARDL vs Generalized Method of Moments
Authors: GHOUMA Ghouma , BECHA Hamdi , KALAI Maha , HELALI Kamel
Published: April 2023

This study examines the effect of IFRS mandatory adoption on economic growth in 17 European countries via the Cost of Capital between 1994 and 2021 using PMG-ARDL and GMM-system techniques. The results show that IFRS adoption in European countries positively affects economic growth. This implies that the adoption of IFRS in these countries has led to improvements in financial reporting quality, which has positively impacted investment decisions and stimulated economic growth. These results provide insights into the benefits of adopting international accounting standards and highlight the importance of institutional and financial factors in shaping the economic impact of adopting accounting standards.
JEL Classification: C23; M40; O11; O52.
Metabolic pseudo-progression in a patient with metastatic KIT exon 11 GIST after one month of first-line imatinib: a case report
Authors: Tassinari Elisa , Conci Nicole , Battisti Giacomo , Porta Francesco , Scioscio Valerio Di , Pirini Maria Giulia , Nigro Maria Concetta , Iezza Miriam , Castagnetti Fausto , Lovato Luigi , Fanti Stefano , Pantaleo Maria Abbondanza , Margherita Nannini
Published: April 2023

Background Positron emission tomography (PET) with 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (18FDG) has proven to be highly sensitive in early assessment of tumor response in GIST, especially in cases where there is doubt, or when early prediction of the response could be clinically useful for patient management. As widely known, kinase mutations have an undoubtful predictive value for sensitivity to imatinib and the inclusion of KIT and PDGFRa mutational analysis in the diagnostic work-up of all GIST is now considered as standard practice.Case presentation Herein we detailed described a case of an exon 11 KIT mutated-metastatic GIST patient, who presented an unexpected metabolic progression at the early 18FDG-PET evaluation after one month of first line imatinib, unconfirmed at the liver biopsy performed near after, which has conversely shown a complete pathological response.Conclusions This report aims to be aware of the existence of this metabolic pseudoprogression in GIST at the beginning of imatinib therapy, in order to avoid early treatment discontinuation. Therefore, an early metabolic progression during a molecular-targeted therapy always deserves to be evaluated in the context of the disease molecular profiling and in case of discordant finding between functional imaging and molecular background, a short-term longitudinal control should be suggested.
Cadaveric study of ergonomics and performance using a robotic exoscope with a head-mounted display in spine surgery
Authors: Demetz Matthias , Abramovic Anto , Krigers Aleksandrs , Bauer Marlies , Lener Sara , Pinggera Daniel , Kerschbaumer Johannes , Hartmann Sebastian , Fritsch Helga , Thomé Claudius , Freyschlag Christian F.
Published: April 2023

Introduction
The conventional microscope has the disadvantage of a potentially unergonomic posture for the surgeon, which can affect performance. Monitor-based exoscopes could provide a more ergonomic posture, as already shown in pre-clinical studies. The aim of this study was to test the usability and comfort of a novel head-mounted display (HMD) based exoscope on spinal surgical approaches in a simulated OR setting.
Methods
A total of 21 neurosurgeons naïve to the device were participated in this prospective trial. After a standardized training session with the device, participants were asked to perform a single-level thoracolumbar decompression surgery on human cadavers using the exoscope. Subsequently, all participants completed a comfort and safety questionnaire. For the objective evaluation of the performance, all interventions were videotaped and analyzed.
Results
12 men and 9 women with a mean age of 34 (range: 24–57) were participating in the study. Average time for decompression was 15 min (IqR 9.6;24.2); 3 participants (14%) terminated the procedure prematurely. In these dropouts, a significantly higher incidence of back/neck pain (p=0.002 for back, p=0.046 for neck pain) as well as an increased frequency of HMD readjustments (p=0.045) and decreased depth perception (p=0.03) were documented. Overall, the surgeons’ satisfaction with the exoscope was 84% (IqR 75; 100).
Conclusion
Using a standardized, pre-interventional training, it is possible for exoscope-naïve surgeons to perform sufficient spinal decompression using the HMD-based exoscope with a high satisfaction. However, inaccurate HMD-setup prior to the start of the procedure may lead to discomfort and unsatisfactory results.
Associations between shared sanitation, stunting and diarrhoea in low-income, high density urban neighbourhoods of Maputo, Mozambique - a cross-sectional study
Authors: Braun Laura , MacDougall Amy , Sumner Trent , Adriano Zaida , Viegas Edna , Nala Rassul , Brown Joe , Knee Jackie , Cumming Oliver
Published: April 2023

Background
Shared sanitation facilities are used by over 500 million people around the world. Most research evidence indicates that shared sanitation conveys higher risk than household sanitation for many adverse health outcomes, including stunting and diarrhoea. However, studies often fail to account for variation between different types of shared facility. As informal housing development outpaces sanitation infrastructure, it is imperative to understand which components of shared facilities may mitigate the health risks of shared sanitation use.
Methods
This cross-sectional study determines whether sanitation improvement or compound hygiene were associated with stunting or diarrhoeal prevalence in a population of children under five living in Maputo, Mozambique who rely on shared sanitation facilities. The study uses logistic and linear multivariable regression analysis to search for associations and control for potential confounding factors.
Results
346 children (43.9%) in the study population were stunted (height-for-age z-score <-2). Each unit increase in sanitation score was associated with an approximate decrease of 22% in the odds of stunting (OR: 0.78, CI: 0.66, 0.92,), and an increase in height of 0.23 height-for-age z-scores (CI: 0.10, 0.36). There was no evidence that the compound hygiene score was associated with height as measured by stunting (OR: 1.05, CI: 0.87, 1.26) or z-score (-0.06, CI: -0.21, 0.09). Neither sanitation nor compound hygiene score nor compound were associated with diarrhoea in the study population.
Conclusions
Use of an improved latrine is associated with decreased odds of stunting, even among users of shared sanitation. This effect remained after controlling for age, sex, wealth, breastfeeding status, and maternal education level. There was no evidence of an association between latrine improvement and diarrhoea. Further investigation is necessary to isolate the attributes of shared sanitation facilities that may lead to the greatest reduction in health risk.
Tam ark parsiyel veneerli monolitik zirkonya sabit protetik restorasyonda dijital iş akışı: Bir vaka raporu
Authors: DEDE Doğu Ömür , KÜÇÜKEKENCİ Ahmet Serkan , KILIÇ Mustafa
Published: April 2023

Fizyolojik sınırların üzerindeki çene hareketleri ve çiğneme sonucunda pek çok dental problemle beraber, patolojik atrizyon ve dikey boyutta azalma görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada parsiyel diş eksikliği, ileri seviyede atrizyon ve dikey boyut kaybı görülen bir hastanın dijital iş akışıyla alt ve üst çene tam ark parsiyel veneerli monolitik zirkonya sabit protetik restorasyonlarla rehabilite edilmesi anlatılmaktadır.
55 yaşındaki erkek hasta, çiğneme ve estetik şikâyetleri ile kliniğimize başvurmuş, klinik ve radyografik inceleme sonucunda, harap olmuş diş dokusunun yerine konması, dikey boyutun artırılması ve diş eksikliklerinin giderimlesi için her iki çeneye diş/implant destekli tam ark sabit protetik restorasyonlar yapılması planlanmıştır. Preprotetik tedavilerin, 36, 37 nolu dişlerin yerine yerleştirilen dental implantların osteointegrayonunun ardından, diş preparasyonları yapılmış ve ağız içi tarayıcı kullanılarak dijital ölçüler ve planlanan okluzal yükseklikte kapanış kayıtları alınmıştır. Sanal modeller üzerinde fasiyal yüzeyleri veneerlenecek şekilde tasarlanan monolitik restorasyonların uyumunun kontrol edilmesi için 3B yazıcı kullanılarak geçici restorasyonlar imal edilerek prova yapılmıştır. Gerekli düzeltmelerin ardından kapanış kaydı yenilenmiş ve fasiyal yüzeyleri feldsatik seramikle veneerlenen monolitik zirkonya materyalden final restorasyonlar üretilmiştir.
Hastanın dikey boyut düşüklüğü, çiğneme fonksiyonu bozukluğu ve estetik kaygıları tam ark zirkonyum restorasyonlar ile giderilmiştir. Yapılan 3 yıllık kontrollerde hastada herhangi bir eklem, fonksiyon, fonasyon ve estetik problemin oluşmadığı görülmüştür.
NİKEL TİTANYUM EĞELERİN TEKRARLAYAN KÖK KANAL TEDAVİSİ SIRASINDA APİKAL DEBRİS TAŞKINLIĞININ KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: KONYALI İsmail , KOÇAK Mustafa Murat , SAĞLAM Baran Can , TAZEGÜL-KOCAK Sibel
Published: April 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, 5 farklı eğe sisteminin alt çene azı dişlerinde tekralayan kök kanal tedavisi uygulaması sırasında kök kanallarından taşan doku ve dolgu materyali miktarları üzerindeki etkilerini karşılaştırarak değerlendirilmesidir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmamızda 80 adet çekilmiş alt çene büyükazı dişine ait mezial kökler kullanıldı. Köklerin çalışma uzunluğu belirlenmesinin ardından şekillendirme prosedürü ProTaper Universal F2 nolu eğe ile tamamlandıktan sonra kanallar lateral kondenzasyon ile dolduruldu. Kanal tedavisi yenileme işleminde ProTaper Next, TF Adaptive, Endoart, WaveOne Gold ve ProTaper Universal Retreatment eğeleriyle olacak şekilde rastgele beş gruba ayrılarak kanal sökümü yapıldı. Taşan debris miktarı boş ağırlığı önceden ölçülmüş olan Eppendorf tüplerinde biriktirildi. Taşan debris miktarı tüm işlemler sonrası ölçüldü.
Bulgular: Her deney gruplarının tamamında kök dışına madde çıkışı gözlendi. İstatistiksel analiz sonucunda ProTaper Next ve ProTaper Universal Retreatment anlamlı olarak TF Adaptive daha az taşkınlığa neden olduğu tespit edildi (p<0,05). Diğer gruplar arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmadı (p>0,05). Tüm gruplar incelendiğinde en fazla materyal taşkınlığı WaveOne Gold grubunda görüldü.
Sonuç: Bu çalışmada elde edilen bulgular değerlendirildiğinde, yeni üretilen bu eğe sistemi için, güncel ve yaygın olarak kullanılan eğeler ile elde edilen bulgular ile karşılaştırıldığında umut verici bir sonuç olarak değerlendirilebilir. Ancak, bu sistemin klinik performansının değerlendirilmesi için çok sayıda farklı araştırmaya ihtiyaç vardır.
The Canadian Studies Office: Its Purpose and Potential
Authors: Elmes Roger
Published: April 2023

None
Finite-time bounds on the probabilistic violation of the second law of thermodynamics
Authors: Miller Harry J. D. , Perarnau Llobet Martí
Published: April 2023

Jarzynski’s equality sets a strong bound on the probability of violating the second law of thermodynamics by extracting work beyond the free energy difference. We derive finite-time refinements to this bound for driven systems in contact with a thermal Markovian environment, which can be expressed in terms of the geometric notion of thermodynamic length. We show that finite-time protocols converge to Jarzynski’s bound at a rate slower than 1/\sqrt{\tau}1/τ, where \tauτ is the total time of the work-extraction protocol. Our result highlights a new application of minimal dissipation processes and demonstrates a connection between thermodynamic geometry and the higher order statistical properties of work.
Evaluation of Wettability Alteration by Oil Doped with Organic Acid and Low-High Brine Solutions in Sandstone and Carbonate Rocks
Authors: Santos Veronica , Felix Taís , Mantovani Iara , Balen Rodrigo , da Cunha Neto José , Fernandes Celso , Debacher Nito
Published: April 2023

Petroleum reserves available worldwide are geologically based mainly on sedimentary and carbonate rocks, and the reservoir performance depends on the intrinsic properties of each rock and their response to changes in wettability. Recently, the change in wettability with low-salinity brine has been used to improve the oil recovery, which is an environmentally friendly and low investment, but there is no unanimity about the mechanisms of oil recovery process. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the process involved in the wettability associated with interactions between the surface of powdered reservoir rock samples and the surrounding fluids. The reservoir rock surface (sandstone, calcite and dolomite) was evaluated under three different conditions. The total amount of adsorbed oil on aged samples was twice as high in carbonate rocks as in sandstone. The thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) for the desorption steps of the organic fraction on dolomite and calcite indicates that the treatment under high brine concentration favored the oil desorption and the opposite result was observed for sandstone. This behavior suggests that carbonate rocks adsorb more strongly the organic phase compared to sandstone.
Online dashboards for SARS-CoV-2 wastewater data need standard best practices: An environmental health communication agenda
Authors: Naughton Colleen C. , Holm Rochelle H. , Lin Nancy J. , James Brooklyn P. , Smith Ted
Published: April 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the benefits of wastewater surveillance to supplement clinical data. Numerous online information dashboards have been rapidly, and typically independently, developed to communicate environmental surveillance data to public health officials and the public. In this study, we review dashboards presenting SARS-CoV-2 wastewater data and propose a path toward harmonization and improved risk communication. A list of 127 dashboards representing 27 countries was compiled. The variability was high and encompassed aspects including the graphics used for data presentation (e.g., line/bar graphs, maps, and tables), log versus linear scale, and 96 separate ways of labeling SARS-CoV-2 wastewater concentrations. Globally, dashboard presentations also differed by region. Approximately half of the dashboards presented clinical case data, and 25% presented variant monitoring. Only 30% of dashboards provided downloadable source data. While any single dashboard is likely useful in its own context and locality, the high variation across dashboards at best prevents optimal use of wastewater surveillance data on a broader geographical scale and at worst could lead to risk communication issues and the potential for public health miscommunication. There is a great opportunity to improve scientific communication through the adoption of uniform data presentation conventions, standards, and best practices in this field.
Deterministic and probabilistic modeling of microbiological quality using the QUAL-UFMG: a water resource management tool applied on the slope waters of the Grande River, Brazil
Authors: Gomides Clécio Eustáquio , de Matos Mateus Pimentel , Fia Ronaldo , Fonseca Alysson Rodrigo
Published: April 2023

The present work presents a methodology for modeling the quality of surface water, aiming at the management of hydrographic basins and the best allocation of resources in the treatment of sanitary sewage, considering the predominant uses of water and microbiological quality. The QUAL-UFMG model was used, composed of Excel spreadsheets, where visual basic for applications (VBA) routines were implemented, enabling deterministic and probabilistic modeling through Monte Carlo simulations. The proposed methodology was applied to a Brazilian hydrographic basin, called the GD2 Planning Unit (Grande River Slopes), considering the discharges of sanitary sewage from 30 municipal seats and approximately 740,000 inhabitants. Four scenarios were studied: the current situation (C-01), the trend for the year 2033 (C-02), compliance with environmental legislation (C-03) and compliance with the main uses of the basin (C-04). The results showed that for C-01 and C-02, the water quality, in terms of thermotolerant coliforms, in most stretches does not meet the defined uses. Even complying with the provisions of environmental legislation (C-03), which do not provide for disinfection, only the largest watercourses would have adequate quality for use. Complete service would only be achieved in C-04, which provides for universal sewage treatment with disinfection for the vast majority of municipalities.
Assessment and Quantification of Damages in Private and Public International Law: an Overview
Authors: Kałduński Marcin
Published: April 2023

This piece is a modest tribute to Professor Gilas who has long been the author’s tutor during the author’s academic career. Its purpose is to concisely describe how international law on damages has evolved, taking into particular account the jurisprudence of international courts and tribunals as well as domestic courts. The topic of damages is important in practice, but seems to be neglected in the doctrine. The author thus wishes to make an overview on the assessment and quantification of damages. To this end, the article starts with a presentation of basic principles to discuss further the burden and standard of proof, entitlement to damages, assessment of amount of damages, quantification of damages, reduction of damages, including causation, prohibition of speculative damages, contributory fault, foreseeability, mitigation and the prohibition of double recovery. Article concludes with final observations.
Equitable Principles in the Delimitation of the Aegean Continental Shelf
Authors: Górka Maciej
Published: April 2023

The purpose of the article is to present the role of equitable principles in the delimitation of the continental shelf in the specific situation of the Aegean area. First, the theoretical aspects of the equity in international law and its typology are presented, followed by explaining the role of equitable principles in maritime relations. In turn, the author explains the interdependence of equity and geographical conditions, while stressing the unique geography of the Aegean, bearing heavily on delimitation efforts in the region. The context of the Greek-Turkish continental shelf delimitation dispute is explained, drawing attention to the divergent positions of the two countries. The rules applicable to the dispute at hand are then analysed, with a focus on customary law, in the absence of treaty rules applicable between Greece and Turkey as concerns the maritime delimitation. The role of the international courts and tribunals in finding solutions in the disputes involving the delimitation of the continental shelf is discussed, by also presenting their approach to interpreting and applying equity and equitable principles. The three-stage delimitation method elaborated in the case-law based on equitable principles is finally presented, while drawing attention to the difficulties in applying the method in practice and the resulting therefrom inconsistencies.Finally, the conclusions of the above considerations for the Aegean continental shelf delimitation are drawn and the perspectives for finding a solution in the future are presented.
General Principles of Law at the Turn of Civilisations
Authors: Brodecki Zbigniew , Konopacka Magdalena
Published: April 2023

This review of general principles of law at the process of great changes observed in reality shows not only the past that have been (diversity of the view; contentious issues) and the present (impulse to merge; impetus for thinking) but also the future. The aim of this synthesis was to reconstruct the system of general principles of international law (the need to take into account the general principles of private law and the general principles of law constructed in the process of regional integration of states) as well as the vision of future work on this issue aimed at muted understanding and cooperation for mutual benefit.
A. M. Bonet de Viola, Pensar la pandemia. Inspirar esperanza en tiempos de crisis, Universidad Católica de Santa Fe, Santa Fe 2021, 61 pp. ISBN 9789508441942
Authors: Piva Esteban
Published: April 2023

Más allá de los múltiples aspectos trágicos que tuvo, y aún tiene, la pandemia del virus COVID-19 a nivel mundial, también ha representado una oportunidad para la civilización occidental para comenzar a cuestionar y repensar múltiples aspectos de su ‘normalidad’ pre-pandemia. La pandemia está impulsando a la sociedad occidental a dejar de ver como siempre lo hizo instituciones tales como el mercado, el Estado, la comunidad, etc. a la luz de nuestra vulnerabilidad social.
Influencer Annelerin Instagram Yaşam Biçimi Sunuşlarının Ev ve İş Hayatı İlişkisi Bağlamında İncelenmesi
Authors: Taşkın Hilal , Boran Tuğçe
Published: April 2023

Günümüzde sosyal medyayla –aktif iş hayatı olan ya da olmayan- annelerin yeni bir iş alanında varlık gösterdikleri gözlemlenmektedir. Bu çalışmada ‘influencer’ annelerin Instagram hesapları; ev-iş arasında kurdukları bağa odaklanılarak, netrografik ve tematik analiz yöntemleriyle, çocuk, aile, iş yaşamı, marka tanıtımı, moda-güzellik, sağlıklı beslenme ve dekorasyon olmak üzere 7 tema başlığında incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın süresi 01.06-01.11.2022 olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın evrenini Instagram ve You Tube’da içerik üreten anneler oluşturmaktadır. Örneklemi ise takipçi sayısı referans alınarak, amaçlı örneklem yöntemiyle belirlenen 6 influencer anne (3’ü instagram da, 3’ü geleneksel ünlü) oluşturmuştur. Annelerin sosyal medyada yansıttıkları yaşam biçimlerinin sunulmasının amaçlandığı araştırma sonunda; Instagram annelerinin paylaşımlarının; çocuk, aile, moda, beslenme, güzellik ve işbirliği temalarında farklı oranlarda yoğunluğa sahip olduğu, geleneksel medyada da tanınan annelerin sosyal medyada iş yaşamlarına dair de paylaşımlar yapıldığı verisi elde edilmiştir. 6 influencer annenin aile, çocuk, bireysel ve iş birliği konularında ortak kullanımı olduğu; dekorasyon, beslenme, iş yaşamı, moda konularında farklı kullanımlara gittikleri sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. İncelenmiş olan Influencer annelerin sosyal medya yoluyla oluşturdukları iş imkanlarının aile ve işe hayatları arasında anlamlı bir denge kurmalarına ön ayak olmuş olduğu düşünülmekle birlikte sosyal medyanın iş ve ev dilemmasında kadınlar için kolaylaştırıcı bir yeni meslek mecrası olarak değerlendirilmektedir.
Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets: Inflammation and Oxidative Stress
in Left Carotid Artery Stenosis with Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Li Xia , Guo Dianxuan , Hu Youdong , Zhou Hualan , Chen Ying
Published: April 2023

Introduction:

Patients with left carotid artery atherosclerotic stenosis have an increased ischemic
stroke risk. Left carotid stenosis, the most common cause of the transient ischemic attack, is related to a higher
risk of acute stroke. Left carotid artery stenosis is also associated with cerebral artery infarction. The significant
coronary stenosis promotes ST-segment elevation myocardial infarctions. The severe coronary stenosis plays an
important role in development and progression of myocardial infarction. However, the dynamic changes of circulating
oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in the carotid stenosis combined with coronary artery stenosis
are not clear, and it also remains unknown whether mark of oxidative stress and inflammation are potential
therapeutic targets for carotid stenosis combined with coronary artery stenosis.

Aim:

This study aims to explore the effects of oxidative stress combined with an inflammatory response on left
carotid artery stenosis with coronary artery disease in patients.

Methods:

We, therefore, tested the hypothesis that levels of markers of oxidative stress and inflammation are
associated with coexistent severe carotid and coronary artery stenosis in patients. We measured the circulating
levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OX-LDL), homocysteine (Hcy), F2-
isoprostanes (F2-IsoPs), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP),
prostaglandin E2 (PG-E2) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in patients with combined carotid and coronary artery
severe stenosis. We also assessed the relationships among oxidative stress, inflammation, and severe stenosis of
the carotid with a coronary artery in patients.

Results:

Levels of MDA, OX-LDL, Hcy, F2-IsoPs, TNF-α, hs-CRP, PG-E2, and IFN-γ were remarkably increased
(P < 0.001) in patients with combined carotid and coronary artery severe stenosis. High levels of oxidative
stress and inflammation may be related to severe stenosis of the carotid with coronary arteries in patients.

Conclusion:

Our observations indicated that measurements of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers may
be valuable for the assessment of the degree of carotid with coronary artery stenosis. The biomarkers of oxidative
stress and inflammatory response may become therapeutic targets for carotid artery stenosis with coronary
artery stenosis in patients.
Biological Properties of Arginine-rich Peptides and their Application in Cargo Delivery to Cancer
Authors: Fan Jinhai , Ma Minghai , Zhao Ruizhao , Li Xing , Jing Minxuan , Song Rundong
Published: April 2023

Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) comprise short peptides of fewer than 30 amino acids, which are rich in arginine (Arg) or lysine (Lys). CPPs have attracted interest in the delivery of various cargos, such as drugs, nucleic acids, and other macromolecules over the last 30 years. Among all types of CPPs, arginine-rich CPPs exhibit higher transmembrane efficiency due to bidentate bonding between their guanidinium groups and negatively charged cellular components. Besides, endosome escape can be induced by arginine-rich CPPs to protect cargo from lysosome-dependent degradation. Here we summarize the function, design principles, and penetrating mechanisms of arginine-rich CPPs, and outline their biomedical applications in drug delivery and biosensing in tumors.
Calixarene: A Supramolecular Material for Treating Cancer
Authors: Li Rui , Liu Ning , Liu Rui , Jin Xin , Li Zheng
Published: April 2023

Cancer is a disease with a high mortality rate; therefore, research on new treatment strategies
is essential. There has been increased interest in novel drug delivery systems (DDS) in recent
years, such as calixarene, one of the most important principal molecules in supramolecular chemistry.
Calixarene is a cyclic oligomer of phenolic units linked by methylene bridges that belongs to the third
generation of supramolecular compounds. By modifying the phenolic hydroxyl end (lower edge) or the
para-position, a wide range of calixarene derivatives can be obtained (upper edge). Drugs are combined
with calixarenes to modify and have new properties, such as strong water solubility, the ability to
bond with guest molecules, and excellent biocompatibility. In this review, we summarize the applications
of calixarene in the construction of anticancer drug delivery systems and its application in clinical
treatment and diagnosis. It provides theoretical support for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer in the
future.
Intestinal Anti-inflammatory Effects of Linum usitatissimum Alkaloid on Experimental Ulcerative Colitis in BALB/c Mice
Authors: Bribi Noureddine , Merakeb Mohamed Sofiane , Boudaoud-Ouahmed Hania
Published: April 2023

Introduction:

There is growing interest in alternative therapies for managing inflammatory bowel disorders (IBD) that offer efficacy and a suitable safety profile. The present study aimed to evaluate the intestinal anti-inflammatory effect of the alkaloid extract of Linum usitatissimum (ALU) on the acetic acid (AA) experimental model of colitis.

Methods:

For in vivo experiments, an 8-day 5% acetic acid administration protocol was used in BALB/c mice to induce colitis. The intestinal anti-inflammatory effect of oral ALU (12.5, 25, and 50mg/kg) was evaluated after 8 days. Colon damage was evaluated macroscopically (colon weight/ colon length), and the histological alterations were also assessed.

Results:

ALU treatment significantly reduced signs of intestinal inflammation compared to the Acetic acid control mice, confirmed by histological examination.

Conclusion:

These results suggest that the total alkaloid extract from Linum usitatissimum seeds has potent intestinal anti-inflammatory properties and may be a promising treatment for ulcerative colitis.
Direct Organogenesis of Citrus Cultivars from Shoot Tip Nodal
Segments
Authors: Yusuf Zekeria , Desta Mulugeta , Mohammed Wassu
Published: April 2023

Background:

Citrus cultivar improvement via conventional breeding strategies
is impeded by factors related to its reproductive biology. The orange is a hybrid between
pomelo (Citrus maxima) and mandarin (Citrus reticulata). Among various orange cultivars,
Valencia oranges have a bit of bitter tang mixed in with their sweetness, as Navel oranges
are, the most widely cultivated citrus species, quite sweeter, and also don't contain
any seeds. Tangelo mandarin orange cultivar is a hybrid of C. reticulata × C. maxima or
× C. paradisi.

Objective:

The present study was undertaken to optimize the hormonal composition of the
media with regard to plant growth regulators for in vitro propagation of sweet orange cultivars
from nodal segment explants.

Methods:

The nodal segment explants were collected from three citrus cultivars, Washington
Navel, Valencia and Tangelo. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with
sucrose and different concentrations of growth regulators was used for shoot proliferation
and root induction, and the optimum medium composition was assessed. The patent for
Citrus Tissue Culture was obtained from the Office of Research Affairs, Haramaya University.

Results:

The results indicate that the highest shoot response was recorded for Washington's
navel with maximum shoot proliferation rate (99.75%), shoot number per explant (1.76),
shoot length (10.70 cm), leaf number per explants (3.54) after three weeks of culture. In all
experiments, no growth was observed for the basal MS medium. Phytohormone combinations
of IAA (1.2 mg/L) and kinetin (2.0 mg/L) were found to be the best for shoot proliferation.
Among the cultivars, there were significant differences for the highest rooting rate
(81.255), root number (2.22), and root length (2.95 cm) variables for Washington Navel.
The lowest rooting rate (48.45%), root number (1.47) and root length (2.26 cm) were observed
for Valencia. The highest rooting rate (84.90%), root number per microshoot (2.22)
and root length (3.05 cm) was on MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/L NAA.

Conclusion:

A comparison of different concentrations of IAA and NAA on root induction
of microshoots from nodal segments of citrus cultivars demonstrated NAA was a more effective
hormone than IAA.
Extreme Poverty Trap In Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Fatmawati Fatmawati , Preatin Preatin
Published: April 2023

Poverty is complex, conceptually and empirically, because it will affect how to understand poverty, its analysis, and policy formulation to overcome poverty. World Bank defines International Poverty Line (GK) as US$ 1.9 as it adjusts for inflation and living standards. Indonesia's poverty rate released by BPS uses a monetary approach, GK, which represents the minimum amount of money a person needs to meet food needs, equivalent to 2100 calories and other non-food needs. Ordinal regression Partial Proportional Odds Model (PPOM) found the best model with independent variables: Number of Household Members, Age, Defecation Facilities, Diplomas, Lightning, Main Activities, and Access to Clean Water, and all these variables significantly affect the status of poor both Extreme Poor, Poor, and Near Poor levels. It was found that Odds Ratio was very different at the Extreme Poor level. It was concluded that this category had different tendencies from other levels. Handling the extreme poor with various conditions requires different handling than the poor. Extremely poor with one household member, aged 1-14 years and 60 years and over, more in need of Social Assistance from the government. Extreme Poor with certain other conditions requires more research to determine the most effective alleviation program.
A 2021-es tokiói olimpiai játékok 800 méteres síkfutásának elemzése irambeosztás szempontjából
Authors: Kelemen Bence , Benczenleitner Ottó , Tóth László
Published: April 2023

Jelen tanulmány célja megvizsgálni a világversenyen sikeres (továbbjutást és érmet eredményező) futások mikro és makro irambeosztási stratégiáit, női és férfi 800 méteres síkfutásban, valamint összehasonlítani a kevésbé sikeres irambeosztási profilokkal. A 2021-es tokiói olimpia 800 méteres férfi és női síkfutó versenyszámának szezoncsúcs (SB), végeredmény és 100 méterenkénti részidő adatait rögzítettük az előfutamok, elődöntők és döntők során, ezzel összesen 157 egyéni teljesítményt vizsgálva (n= 157). Alapstatisztikai műveletek (átlag, szórás) után a helyezéssel kvalifikált (Q) és nem kvalifikált versenyzők eredményeit független kétmintás t-próbával hasonlítottuk össze. Az adott futások irambeosztását összetartozó mintás ANOVA segítségével elemeztük. Az irambeosztásbeli változásokat variációs koefficiens (CV) segítségével fejeztük ki. A két nem hasonló irambeosztási profilt alkalmazott az olimpiai játékok alatt. Mind a három forduló során, mindkét nem esetében, a továbbjutó, valamint érmes atléták az utolsó 200 méteren utasították maguk mögé versenytársaikat. Minden csoportot tekintetbe véve elmondható, hogy a leggyorsabb az első 200 méteres intervallum volt, ezután pedig a szignifikánsan (p<0,05) leglassabb 200 méter és 400 méter közötti szakasz következett. Az egyenetlen irambeosztás miatt (CV: 3 - 9,6 %) a szezoncsúcsok aránya csak 17,8% volt. A következtetések a következők voltak: a női, és férfi 800 méteren a világversenyeken – a világcsúcsoktól eltérően – a negatív irambeosztás a jellemző, nagyfokú sebességbeli varianciákkal. A sikeres versenyzők rendelkeznek azzal a fiziológiai és pszichológiai képességgel, hogy több egymást követő fordulóban képesek lereagálni az iramváltásokat, valamint a verseny utolsó negyedében maguk mögé utasítani az ellenfeleiket a tempó tartásával, fokozásával.
A 2021-es U16-os női röplabda Európa-bajnokság elemzése a magyar csapat szemszögéből
Authors: Kőnig-Görögh Dóra , Jókay Zoltán , Győri Tamás , Ökrös Csaba
Published: April 2023

Jelen tanulmány a 2021-es női U16-os Európa-bajnokság mérkőzéseinek statisztikai eredményeit mutatja be a magyar válogatott szemszögéből. A csapat a 7. helyezést érte el a kontinensviadalon. Az eredményekből kiderült, hogy a magyar válogatott és az 1-6. helyezett európai csapat között nincs szignifikáns különbség a következő játék elemekben: a nyitásfogadásból szerzett első pontok, a rontott támadások és fogadások számában. Viszont a magyar csapat szignifikánsan kevesebb break pontot szerzett, mint az 1-6. helyezett válogatott csapatai, viszont a rontott támadásaik száma szignifikánsan alacsonyabb volt, mint a 8-12. helyezetteké. A blokkok és a sikeres nyitások száma is szignifikánsan kevesebb volt, mint a többi válogatott csapatnak. Az eredmények alapján elmondhatjuk, hogy a vizsgált korosztályban csökkent a magyar válogatott különbsége az európai elithez képest, amely nagyon kecsegtető a jövőre nézve.