bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphine‐Catalyzed Construction of Sulfur Heterocycles.
Authors: Gabillet Sandra , Lecercle Delphine , Loreau Olivier , Carboni Michael , Dezard Sophie , Gomis Jean‐Marie , Taran Frederic
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Simple Synthesis of 7‐Amino‐4,5‐dihydrobenzo[f][1,4]oxazepin‐3‐ones.
Authors: Kwiecien Halina , Szychowska Monika
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2,4‐Diaryl‐3H‐1‐benzazepines.
Authors: Ramig Keith , Alli Shaan , Cheng Myra , Leung Richard , Razi Rabail , Washington Michelle , Kudzma Linas V.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Titanocene(III)‐Mediated Radical Cyclizations of Epoxides for the Synthesis of Medium‐Sized Cyclic Ethers.
Authors: Mandal Samir Kumar , Roy Subhas Chandra
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Expeditious Synthesis of New 3,4,6‐Trihydroxythiepanes from D‐(‐)‐Quinic Acid.
Authors: Shih Tzenge‐Lien , Fang Yi‐Chuan
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Redox Ring Cleavage of cis‐1,3,4,5‐Tetrahydrobenzo[c]oxepines.
Authors: Duan Xinfang , Xu Xiaoli , Zhang Zhanbin , Zheng Zhibing
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Bulky Phosphazenium Cation Catalysis for Dehydrative Condensation of Phosphoric Acid with Alcohols.
Authors: Sakakura Akira , Katsukawa Mikimoto , Hayashi Takaomi , Ishihara Kazuaki
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Semisynthesis of Labdane Diterpene Metabolites from the Nudibranch Pleurobranchaea meckelii
Authors: Van Wyk Albert W. W. , Davies‐Coleman Michael T.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Unexpected Photolytic Decomposition of Alkyl Azides under Mild Conditions.
Authors: Abbenante Giovanni , Le Giang T. , Fairlie David P.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Synthesis of (S)‐Gizzerosine, a Potent Agonist of the Histamine H2‐Receptor.
Authors: Fanning Kate N. , Sutherland Andrew
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: New Convenient Reagents for Chemoselective N‐Alkoxycarbonylation of (S)‐Isoserine: Application in the Isepamicin Synthesis.
Authors: Doktorov Konstantin , Tarpanov Velichko , Mechkarova Pepa
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Click Chemistry: A Straightforward Route to Decorated Prolines.
Authors: Pisaneschi Federica , Cordero Franca M. , Lumini Marco , Brandi Alberto
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoenzymatic Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of (‐)‐Conduramine C‐4.
Authors: Bellomo Ana , Giacomini Cecilia , Brena Beatriz , Seoane Gustavo , Gonzalez David
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Michaelis—Arbuzov Rearrangement of Anomeric Thiocyanates: Synthesis and Application of S‐Glycosyl Thiophosphates, Thiophosphonates and Thiophosphinates as Glycosyl Donors.
Authors: Piekutowska Marta , Pakulski Zbigniew
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Oligosaccharides Through Reactivity Tuning: Convergent Synthesis of the Trisaccharides of the Steroid Glycoside Sokodoside B Isolated from Marine Sponge Erylus placenta.
Authors: Dasgupta Somnath , Pramanik Kausikisankar , Mukhopadhyay Balaram
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of (+)‐iso‐6‐Cassine via Stereoselective Intramolecular Amidomercuration.
Authors: Singh Satwinder , Singh Om V. , Han Hyunsoo
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 18‐Hydroxyvincamines and Epoxy‐1,14‐secovincamines: A New Proof for the Aspidospermane‐eburnane Rearrangement.
Authors: Nemes Andras , Szantay Csaba Jr. , Czibula Laszlo , Greiner Istvan
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cryptadines A (Ia) and B (Ib), Novel C27N3‐Type Pentacyclic Alkaloids from Lycopodium cryptomerinum
Authors: Koyama Koichiro , Hirasawa Yusuke , Kobayashi Jun'ichi , Morita Hiroshi
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Two Novel Monoterpene Alkaloid Dimers from Incarvillea arguta
Authors: Fu Jian‐Jun , Jin Hui‐Zi , Shen Yun‐Heng , Zhang Wei‐Dong , Xu Wen‐Zheng , Zeng Qi , Yan Shi‐Kai
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of the Aza‐Analogue of N‐Methylated Acycloformycin A.
Authors: Mojzych Mariusz , Rykowski Andrzej
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Prenylated Flavonoids from Tephrosia apollinea.
Authors: El‐Razek Mohamed H. Abd , Mohamed Abou El‐Hamd H. , Ahmed Ahmed A.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of the Bacterial DNA Primase Inhibitor Sch 642305 and Its C‐4 Epimer.
Authors: Garcia‐Fortanet Jorge , Carda Miguel , Marco J. Alberto
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Effects of Different Head Groups and Functionalized Side Chains on the Aquatic Toxicity of Ionic Liquids.
Authors: Stolte Stefan , Matzke Marianne , Arning Juergen , Boeschen Andrea , Pitner William‐R. , Welz‐Biermann Urs , Jastorff Bernd , Ranke Johannes
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure and Reactivity of Transition Metal Cyanocarbanions
Authors: Takaya Hikaru , Naota Takeshi
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselectivity and Enantioselectivity in Nickel‐Catalyzed Reductive Coupling Reactions of Alkynes
Authors: Moslin Ryan M. , Miller‐Moslin Karen , Jamison Timothy F.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: New Design in Homogeneous Palladium Catalysis: Study of Transformation of Group 14 Element Compounds and Development of Nanosize Palladium Catalysts
Authors: Tsuji Yasushi , Fujihara Tetsuaki
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chromogenic and Fluorogenic Reagents for Chemical Warfare Nerve Agent′s Detection
Authors: Royo Santiago , Martinez‐Manez Ramon , Sancenon Felix , Costero Ana M. , Parra Margarita , Gil Salvador
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of Fluorocyclopentenyl‐pyrimidines
Authors: Jeong Lak Shin , Zhao Long Xuan , Choi Won Jun , Pal Shantanu , Park Yeon Hee , Lee Sang Kook , Chun Moon Woo , Lee Young B. , Ahn Chang Ho , Moon Hyung Ryong
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and anti‐HCV Activity of 2′‐β‐Hydroxymethylated Nucleosides
Authors: Jeong Lak Shin , Yoo Byul Nae , Kim Hea Ok , Lee Kang Man , Moon Hyung Ryong
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel 4′‐Modified Neplanocin A Analogues and Their Inhibitory Activity Against S‐Adenosyl‐L‐homocysteine Hydrolase
Authors: Kumamoto Hiroki , Deguchi Kazuki , Takahashi Nonoko , Tanaka Hiromichi , Kitade Yukio
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: In Search of New Inhibitors of HIV‐1 Replication: Synthesis and Study of 1‐(2′‐Deoxy‐β‐D‐ribofuranosyl)‐1,2,4‐triazole‐3‐carboxamide as a Selective Viral Mutagenic Agent
Authors: Vivet‐Boudou V. , Paillart J.‐C. , Burger A. , Marquet R.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Study of Different Copper(I) Catalysts for the “Click Chemistry” Approach to Carbanucleosides
Authors: Broggi Julie , Joubert Nicolas , Aucagne Vincent , Zevaco Thomas , Berteina‐Raboin Sabine , Nolan Steve P. , Agrofoglio Luigi A.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Ribosylation of Modified Heterocyclic Bases by Vorbrueggen Method
Authors: Nikolaus Nadja V. , Bozilovic Jelena , Engels Joachim W.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: An Enzymatic Transglycosylation of Purine Bases
Authors: Roivainen Jarkko , Elizarova Tatiana , Lapinjoki Seppo , Mikhailopulo Igor A. , Esipov Roman S. , Miroshnikov Anatoly I.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A General Route to D‐ and L‐Six‐Membered Nucleoside Analogues
Authors: Guaragna Annalisa , D'Alonzo Daniele , De Nisco Mauro , Pedatella Silvana , Palumbo Giovanni
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Enantiopure Pseudo‐L‐vinylcyclopropyl Nucleosides Bearing Quaternary Carbon as Potential anti‐Herpesvirus Agent
Authors: Moon Hyung Ryong , Park Ah‐Young , Kim Kyung Ran , Chun Moon Woo , Jeong Lak Shin
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of 1′‐Functionalized‐4′‐thionucleosides
Authors: Jeong Lak Shin , Gunaga Prashantha , Kim Hea Ok , Tosh Dilip K. , Lee Hyuk Woo , Choe Seung Ah , Moon Hyung Ryong , Gao Zhan‐Guo , Jacobson Kenneth A. , Chun Moon Woo
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses of Pyrimidine Acyclic Nucleoside Phosphonates as Potent Inhibitors of Thymidine Phosphorylase (PD‐ECGF) from Sd‐Lymphoma
Authors: Pomeisl Karel , Votruba Ivan , Holy Antonin , Pohl Radek
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Outer‐Sphere Association of Calixarenes and Other Macrocyclic Ligands with Metal Complexes as the Basis for the Design of Molecular Devices
Authors: Mustafina A. R. , Skripacheva V. V. , Konovalov A. I.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: D‐Amino Acids in Animal Peptides
Authors: Jilek Alexander , Kreil Guenther
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Myxobacterial Natural Product Assembly Lines: Fascinating Examples of Curious Biochemistry
Authors: Wenzel Silke Christine , Mueller Rolf
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds on Silicon: The First Step in Film Growth
Authors: Rodriguez‐Reyes Juan Carlos F. , Teplyakov Andrew V.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Drilling, Coring, and Sampling Subsurface Environments
Authors: Kieft Thomas L. , Phelps Tommy J. , Fredrickson James K.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Role of Thermochemical Conversion in Livestock Waste‐to‐Energy Treatments: Obstacles and Opportunities
Authors: Cantrell Keri , Ro Kyoung , Mahajan Devinder , Anjom Mouzhgun , Hunt Patrick G.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Mirror‐symmetrical populations of wide‐field amacrine cells of the macaque monkey retina
Authors: Majumdar Sriparna , Wässle Heinz , Jusuf Patricia R. , Haverkamp Silke
Published: February 2008

Retinas of macaque monkeys were immunostained for glycogen phosphorylase (glypho). Glypho was localized to regular and displaced amacrine cells. Their processes occupied two narrow strata within the inner plexiform layer (IPL). The labeling pattern is reminiscent of cholinergic amacrine cells; however, double immunostaining of the retinas for choline acetyltransferase and glypho revealed two different cell populations. Intracellular injection of DiI showed that glypho‐immunoreactive amacrine cells are wide‐field amacrine cells with straight, radially oriented, and sparsely branched dendrites. The density of the cells increased from ∼70/mm2 in the peripheral retina to ∼700/mm2 in the central retina. The regular glypho‐immunoreactive amacrine cells branch in sublamina 2 of the IPL, where they receive input from OFF‐cone bipolar cells. The displaced cells branch in sublamina 3/4 and receive input from ON‐cone bipolar cells. This suggests that the regular cells are OFF‐cells and the displaced cells are ON‐cells. The cells express γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA)‐like immunoreactivity and receive glycinergic input through synapses expressing preferentially the glycine receptor α2 subunit. The close proximity of the dendritic strata of glypho‐immunoreactive amacrine cells, cholinergic amacrine cells, and direction‐selective ganglion cells suggests a possible role of the cells in the generation of direction‐selective light responses of the monkey retina. J. Comp. Neurol. 508:13–27, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Differential output of the high‐sensitivity rod photoreceptor: AII amacrine pathway
Authors: Petrides Artemis , Trexler E. Brady
Published: February 2008

A population of ON cone bipolar cells is not coupled to AII amacrine cells. Neurobiotin (red) diffusion away from an injected AII amacrine cell (top right) at the level of bipolar cell somas in the inner nuclear layer of the rabbit retina. The somas of all depolarizing bipolar cells were labeled with antisera to G0α (green), and rod bipolars are labeled with antisera to PKCα (blue). G0α‐outlined somas without PKCα or Neurobiotin are non‐coupled ON cone bipolar cells. J. Comp. Neurol. 507:1653–1662, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hybrid Aerosol Assisted and Atmospheric Pressure CVD of Gold‐Doped Vanadium Dioxide
Authors: Binions R. , Piccirillo C. , Palgrave R. G. , Parkin I. P.
Published: February 2008

Hybrid aerosol‐assisted (AA) and atmospheric pressure (AP) CVD methodology is utilized, for the first time, to produce thin films of gold nanoparticle‐doped vanadium dioxide. Good surface coverage, comparable to that of APCVD processes, is observed, and a variety of different film thicknesses and dopant levels are easily produced. The films are analyzed by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Their optical and thermochromic behaviors are also determined. Incorporation of gold nanoparticles in the films leads to significant changes in the color of the film due to the presence of a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band.
Performance analysis of microcell/macrocell with reuse partitioning in TDMA‐based cellular systems
Authors: Yu Jane Y. , Chong Peter H. J.
Published: February 2008

System capacity and grade of service (GoS) are both important for the rapid growth of cellular communication services. In this paper, we propose a two‐tier TDMA‐based cellular system with macrocell overlaid on microcell clusters by implementing fixed channel assignment (FCA) scheme and fixed reuse partitioning (FRP) scheme in microcell layer and macrocell layer, respectively, named FCA–FRP overlay scheme. Improvement can be achieved in both system capacity and GoS. Theoretical analysis based on the overlay scheme without overflow and with overflow is first presented. It shows that the simulation results are agreed with the analytical results. Then, simulation results, obtained from the overlay scheme with and without overflow, show that the performance in terms of the call blocking probability, the call dropping probability and system capacity of such a system can be greatly improved compared with a conventional one‐tier cellular system deployed with FCA or FRP scheme. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Applying the four‐capital model to the assessment of regional development in the Lubuskie region of Poland
Authors: Gorzelak Grzegorz , Olejniczak Karol , Płoszaj Adam , Smętkowski Maciej
Published: February 2008

This paper is part of the Special Issue of European Environment devoted to the outputs of the EU SRDTOOLS project, which developed and applied a new model of regional sustainable development evaluation. The paper first discusses the application of the four‐capital model to evaluate, in the light of an exercise carried out in collaboration with the authorities of the Lubuskie voivodship, the impact of the implementation of the regional strategy on the status of the four capitals. The findings are then contrasted with the opinions of the local government authorities and entrepreneurs. This helped identify the weaknesses of the strategy implementation and outline potential conflicts between the development of different types of capital. The same method was applied to the regional operational programme, which resulted in the formulation of recommendations for the updating of the regional development strategy and better adapting the regional operational programme to adopted goals related to sustainable regional development. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Persistence of DNA damage in the freshwater mussel Unio pictorum upon exposure to ethyl methanesulphonate and hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Štambuk Anamaria , Pavlica Mirjana , Malović Lana , Klobucšar Göran I. V.
Published: February 2008

An important endpoint in assessing pollution‐related toxicity is genotoxicity. To obtain insight into the time‐course of oxidative‐ and alkylation‐induced DNA damage in the freshwater mussel, Unio pictorum, mussels were exposed for 24 hr to concentration gradients of pro‐oxidant hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and a mono‐functional alkylating agent, ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS). DNA damage was assessed in haemocytes immediately upon exposure and over the recovery period of up to 72 days by means of comet and micronucleus assays. Following exposure to H2O2, DNA damage as detected by the comet assay returned to control values after one day, except for the mussels exposed to the highest dose when damage was detectable for the next 3 days. In contrast, alkylation‐induced DNA damage was detectable even after 72 days of recovery in de‐chlorinated water, with a dose‐response relationship observable throughout the whole recovery period. Micronucleus frequency was the highest on Day 3 after exposure to EMS; it decreased considerably by Day 7 and returned almost to the control levels 19 days after exposure, while no significant induction of micronuclei was observed in mussels exposed to H2O2. Although the comet assay is considered a biomarker of recent genotoxic exposure, detecting DNA damage of shorter longevity than with the micronucleus assay, results presented here show that in the case of alkylation damage the comet assay reveals genotoxic exposure of U. pictorum in a dose‐dependent manner even after 2 months. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
In vivo mutation assay based on the endogenous Pig‐a locus
Authors: Bryce Steven M. , Bemis Jeffrey C. , Dertinger Stephen D.
Published: February 2008

The product of the X‐chromosome's Pig‐a gene acts in the first step of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor biosynthesis, and is thereby essential for attaching certain proteins to the cell surface. The experiments described herein were designed to evaluate whether lack of GPI‐anchored proteins could form the basis of an in vivo mutation assay. Specifically, we used a CD59‐negative cell surface phenotype to denote Pig‐a mutation. Besides anti‐CD59‐PE, two other fluorescent reagents were used: thiazole orange to differentiate mature erythrocytes, reticulocytes (RETs), and leukocytes; and anti‐CD61 to resolve platelets. These experiments were performed with Sprague Dawley rats, and focused on two cell populations, total erythrocytes and RETs. The ability of the analytical method to enumerate CD59‐negative erythrocytes was initially assessed with reconstruction experiments whereby mutant‐mimicking cells were added to control bloods. Subsequently, female rats were treated on three occasions with the model mutagens ENU (100 mg/kg/day) or DMBA (40 mg/kg/day). Blood specimens were harvested at various intervals, as late as 6 weeks post‐exposure. Considering all week 4–6 data, we found that CD59‐negative cells ranged from 239 to 855 × 10−6 and 82 to 405 × 10−6 for ENU and DMBA, respectively. These values were consistently greater than those observed for negative control rats (18 ± 19 × 10−6). The elevated frequencies observed for the genotoxicant‐exposed animals were usually higher for RETs compared to total erythrocytes. These data support the hypothesis that an efficient in vivo mutation assay can be developed around flow cytometric enumeration of erythrocytes and/or RETs that exhibit aberrant GPI‐anchored protein expression. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Configuring passive wells with reactive media for treating contaminated groundwater
Authors: Hudak Paul F.
Published: February 2008

Passive (nonpumped) wells filled with reactive media may be an effective alternative to permeable reactive barriers for treating contaminated groundwater in deep aquifers. This study's objective was to evaluate alternative passive well configurations for treating contaminated groundwater in a simulated aquifer. Six configurations of 17 wells were tested, each well screened across the saturated zone. Passive wells occupied various locations on monitoring transects. Five configurations involved one or more monitoring transects perpendicular to regional groundwater flow, positioned downgradient of a contaminant plume. In a sixth configuration, monitoring transects were ±45° to groundwater flow, joined downgradient of the contaminant plume. A numerical mass transport model, accounting for advection and hydrodynamic dispersion, tested the ability of each passive well configuration to reduce contaminant concentrations and prevent offsite contaminant migration. For a fixed number of wells, relatively effective strategies include: (a) spanning the lateral width of a contaminant plume; (b) multiple monitoring transects, with relatively close well spacing along upgradient transects; and (c) 45° monitoring transects. Overall, the 45° structure was most effective. © 2008 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2008
The ABCA1 cholesterol transporter associates with one of two distinct dystrophin‐based scaffolds in Schwann cells
Authors: Albrecht Douglas E. , Sherman Diane L. , Brophy Peter J. , Froehner Stanley C.
Published: February 2008

Cytoskeletal scaffolding complexes help organize specialized membrane domains with unique functions on the surface of cells. In this study, we define the scaffolding potential of the Schwann cell dystrophin glycoprotein complex (DGC) by establishing the presence of four syntrophin isoforms, (α1, β1, β2, and γ2), and one dystrobrevin isoform, (α‐dystrobrevin‐1), in the abaxonal membrane. Furthermore, we demonstrate the existence of two separate DGCs in Schwann cells that divide the abaxonal membrane into spatially distinct domains, the DRP2/periaxin rich plaques and the Cajal bands that contain Dp116, utrophin, α‐dystrobrevin‐1 and four syntrophin isoforms. Finally, we show that the two different DGCs can scaffold unique accessory molecules in distinct areas of the Schwann cell membrane. Specifically, the cholesterol transporter ABCA1, associates with the Dp116/syntrophin complex in Cajal bands and is excluded from the DRP2/periaxin rich plaques. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Salinity and irrigation method affect crop yield and soil quality in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.) growing
Authors: Romic Davor , Ondrasek Gabrijel , Romic Marija , Josip Borosic , Vranjes Mijo , Petosic Dragutin
Published: February 2008

The experiment was set up in the Neretva River Valley in southern Croatia, with the aim to determine the influence of increasing salt concentrations in irrigation water using different irrigation systems (sprinkler and drip) in watermelon production on plastic mulch. Saline drip irrigation reduced the development of salinized plants. Under drip irrigation, salinity did not cause plant mortality, but it led to a reduction in the number and length of vines. Saline sprinkler irrigation caused plant mortality. Soil solution ion composition was remarkably altered by saline drip irrigation. Saline irrigation also had detrimental effects on yield. Application of saline water rapidly changed the ion composition of soil solution. Significant changes in Ca, Na and Cl concentrations in soil solution were determined parallel to increasing the irrigation water salinity, whereas changes in Mg and K concentrations were not statistically significant. Marketable yield was reduced by salinity. Saline drip irrigation had detrimental effects on yield (26 and 35% yield reduction). In the trial treatment involving saline sprinkler irrigation, plants were completely damaged and no yield was attained. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The role of power in wellness, oppression, and liberation: the promise of psychopolitical validity
Authors: Prilleltensky Isaac
Published: February 2008

The power to promote wellness, resist oppression, and foster liberation is grounded in psychological and political dynamics. Hitherto, these two sources of power have been treated in isolation, both for descriptive and prescriptive purposes. As a result, we lack an integrative theory that explains the role of power in promoting human welfare and preventing suffering, and we lack a framework for combining psychological and political power for the purpose of social change. In this article, the author puts forth a psychopolitical conceptualization of power, wellness, oppression, and liberation. Furthermore, he introduces the concept of psychopolitical validity, which is designed to help community psychologists to put power issues at the forefront of research and action. Two types of psychopolitical validity are introduced: type I—epistemic, and type II—transformative. Whereas the former demands that psychological and political power be incorporated into community psychology studies; the latter requires that interventions move beyond ameliorative efforts and towards structural change. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
From the outside looking in: the praxis dilemma of linking psychopolitical validity with community policing
Authors: Williams Brian N.
Published: February 2008

The author applies the concept of psychopolitical validity beyond the confines of the academy to the contemporary practice of American community policing. As such, it presents the promise and pitfalls of this potential union by highlighting points of linkage and places of conflict and tension and provides a commentary on the praxis dilemma of grafting the theoretical with the practical. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The spiritual dimensions of psychopolitical validity: the case of the clergy sexual abuse crisis
Authors: Jones Diana L. , Dokecki Paul R.
Published: February 2008

In this article, the authors explore the spiritual dimensions of psychopolitical validity and use it as a lens to analyze clergy sexual abuse. The psychopolitical approach suggests a comprehensive human science methodology that invites exploration of phenomena such as spirituality and religious experience and the use of methods from a wide variety of disciplines, including philosophy and theology. They report an analysis showing the clergy sexual abuse crisis to be a system with interrelated personal, relational, and social/collective aspects, many of which are in the spiritual domain. The analysis shows how the abuse of power permeates the clergy sexual abuse system and suggests that two interrelated levels of reform must occur: (a) the church must transformatively change its structures to liberate its members to develop spiritually as mature persons—a political task, and (b) consciousness raising is required to help empower people to assume their rightful role in church decision making—a psychological task. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Including history in the study of psychological and political power
Authors: Reich Stephanie M. , Pinkard Tracy , Davidson Heather
Published: February 2008

Isaac Prilleltensky's (2003) concept of psychopolitical validity stresses the need to consider both the political and the psychological nature of power in the study of wellness, oppression, and liberation. The authors advocate that psychopolitical validity would be strengthened if it included an explicit appreciation of historical context. The inclusion of historical knowledge offers a greater insight into how power has been exercised to promote and maintain oppression, as well as helps to identify methods for working towards social justice. The authors illustrate how the dynamics of power change over time by using examples of how the field of psychology (including community psychology) treated two historically oppressed groups: African Americans and women. Consistent with epistemic validity, investigation into the history of these two groups demonstrates how the role of psychological research has both contributed to the oppression of others, as well as promoted social change. Consistent with transformative validity, these examples illustrate how marginalized groups can work within an oppressive system to challenge the status quo and, in turn, change their position in society. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Adenoviral expression of vascular endothelial growth factor splice variants differentially regulate bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Lin Huey , Shabbir Arsalan , Molnar Merced , Yang Jingwei , Marion Susan , Canty John M. , Lee Techung
Published: February 2008

Bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are being explored for clinical applications, and genetic engineering represents a useful strategy for boosting the therapeutic potency of MSCs. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)‐based gene therapy protocols have been used to treat tissue ischemia, and a combined VEGF/MSC therapeutics is appealing due to their synergistic paracrine actions. However, multiple VEGF splice variants exhibit differences in their mitogenicity, chemotactic efficacy, receptor interaction, and tissue distribution, and the differential regulatory effects of multiple VEGF isoforms on the function of MSCs have not been characterized. We expressed three rat VEGF‐A splice variants VEGF120, 164, and 188 in MSCs using adenoviral vectors, and analyzed their effects on MSC proliferation, differentiation, survival, and trophic factor production. The three VEGF splice variants exert common and differential effects on MSCs. All three expressed VEGFs are potent in promoting MSC proliferation. VEGF120 and 188 are more effective in amplifying expression of multiple growth factor and cytokine genes. VEGF164 on the other hand is more potent in promoting expression of genes associated with MSC remodeling and endothelial differentiation. The longer isoform VEGF188, which is preferentially retained by proteoglycans, facilitates bone morphogenetic protein‐7 (BMP7)‐mediated MSC osteogenesis. Under serum starvation condition, virally expressed VEGF188 preferentially enhances serum withdrawal‐mediated cell death involving nitric oxide production. This work indicates that seeking the best possible match of an optimal VEGF isoform to a given disease setting can generate maximum therapeutic benefits and minimize unwanted side effects in combined stem cell and gene therapy. J. Cell. Physiol. 216: 458–468, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Abiotic and biotic influences on the dispersal behavior of metamorph cane toads (Bufo marinus) in tropical Australia
Authors: Child Travis , Phillips Benjamin L. , Shine Richard
Published: February 2008

A mechanistic understanding of factors influencing the dispersal behavior of metamorph cane toads (Bufo marinus) has direct conservation relevance in Australia. These invasive anurans are toxic to native predators, and if we can predict their distribution across the landscape, we can also predict (and perhaps, manage) the scale of their impact. We propose that the major drivers of metamorph distribution are the risk of dehydration (restricting the young toads to moist substrates near pond margins) and biotic advantages to dispersal away from the pond (especially, less risk of cannibalism). To test this model, we investigated the influence of abiotic and biotic cues on the behavior of individual toads in the laboratory. Substrate moisture levels strongly influenced metamorph activity levels and habitat selection: dry substrates induced most metamorphs to remain near water. The only biotic cue to influence metamorph dispersal was proximity of a larger (cannibalistic) conspecific; a cannibal's presence at the pond margin caused most metamorphs to spend less time there, and as a consequence, to dehydrate more rapidly. Our results suggest that the spatial and temporal distribution of metamorph cane toads reflects a trade‐off between competing risks: the danger of desiccation tends to keep young toads close to the pond margin in dry conditions, whereas the danger of cannibalism stimulates dispersal. J. Exp. Zool. 309A:215–224, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Simultaneous profiling of multiple neurochemical pathways from a single cerebrospinal fluid sample using GC/MS/MS with electron capture detection
Authors: Eckstein James A. , Ammerman Gina M. , Reveles Jessica M. , Ackermann Bradley L.
Published: February 2008

Biogenic amines and amino acids are widely characterized in the pathways representing neurotransmission. Although several analytical methodologies have been used to detect specific target molecules in relevant fluids such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), multiple assays must be used to survey the primary pathways involved. This article describes the development of a GC/MS/MS method capable of analyzing up to 43 analytes (representing 20 amino acids and more than seven neurochemical pathways) from a single 50 µl CSF sample. In this procedure, a CSF sample is first treated with acetonitrile to precipitate proteins. The dried sample is then derivatized with a mixture of 2,2,3,3,3‐pentafluoro‐1‐propanol and pentafluoropropionic acetic anhydride to replace all active hydrogen atoms with fluorine‐containing groups. Due to the concentration difference between amino acids and neurotransmitters, these two compound classes are analyzed in separate injections of the same derivatized extract. The total run time for each injection is approximately 15–20 min. An essential feature of the method is the use of argon as a reagent gas for electron capture chemical ionization (ECCI), as the use of the more traditional gas (methane) lacked sufficient durability to be considered for use with the present instrumentation. This article describes the development of this method including a detailed investigation of the chemical ionization conditions used. The resultant conditions allow for the profiling of biogenic amines (e.g. serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine) in the low picogram per milliliter range. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.