bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A combined methodology for the approximate estimation of the roots of the general sextic polynomial equation
Authors: Kouropoulos Giorgos P.
Published: September 2021

In this article we present the methodology, according to which it is possible to derive approximate solutions for the roots of the general sextic polynomial equation as well as some other forms of sextic polynomial equations that normally cannot be solved by radicals; the approximate roots can be expressed in terms of polynomial coefficients. This methodology is a combination of two methods. The first part of the procedure pertains to the reduction of a general sextic equation H(x) to a depressed equation G(y), followed by the determination of solutions by radicals of G(y) which does not include a quintic term, provided that the fixed term of the equation depends on its other coefficients. The second method is a continuation of the first and pertains to the numerical correlation of the roots and the fixed term of a given sextic polynomial P(x) with the radicals and the fixed term of the sextic polynomial Q(x), where the two polynomials P(x) and Q(x) have the same coefficients except for the fixed term which might be different. From the application of the methodology presented above, the following formulation is derived; For any given general sextic polynomial equation P with coefficients within the interval [a, b], a defined polynomial equation Q corresponds which has equal coefficients to P except for its fixed term which might be different and dependent on the other coefficients so that Q has radical solutions. If we assume a pair of equations P, Q with coefficients within a predetermined interval [a, b], the numerical correlation through regression analysis of the radicals of Q, the roots of P and the fixed terms of P, Q, leads to the derivation of a mathematical model for the approximate estimation of the roots of sextic equations whose coefficients belong to the interval [a, b].
Superluminal Communication with Polarized Entangled Photons
Authors: Ritzmann Vinicius
Published: September 2021

In this work, we show that Quantum Mechanics predicts that two people who share entangled polarized pairs of photons can communicate faster than light. We show this communication only occurs in one direction, from Bob to Alice. Bob can send information to Alice by measuring the polarization of his photons in different directions. Alice can find out in which direction Bob has measured his photons by measuring how much light passes through an optical circuit. We show this communication is instantaneous because it is based on the collapse of the wave function of the entangled pair, which collapse is instantaneous. We conclude that regardless of whether this method of communication works or not in practice, we have something new because if it works, we would be contradicting the Theories of Relativity, and if it does not, we would have Quantum Mechanics predicting something that does not happen in real life.
The Effect of Good Corporate Governance, Free Cash Flow, and Tax Planning on Earnings Management
Authors: Agriyanto Ratno , Setiyawati Azizah , Farida Dessy Noor
Published: September 2021

Earnings is one of the management assessment tools as a form of responsibility to investors, thus allowing opportunistic behavior to do earnings management. The study aims to determine the effect of good corporate governance, free cash flow, and tax planning on earnings management. In this study, the independent variables are the board of independent commissioners, institutional ownership, audit committee, free cash flow, and tax planning. The dependent variable is earnings management which is projected through discretionary accruals using the modified Jones model. Data collected in this study used the documentation method and library method. The object of this study is state-owned companies listed in the 2014-2018 period of the Indonesian Stock Exchange. The sampling technique used purposive sampling, and the analysis technique used multiple linear. This study shows that a partial board of independent commissioners, institutional ownership, audit committee, and tax planning do not significantly affect earnings management. In contrast, free cash flow has a significant negative impact on earnings management. Therefore, implementing good corporate governance, free cash flow, and tax planning which is not just to fulfill existing regulations, will increase performance and company value and trust of investors.
Student Science Process Skills through the Application of Computer Based Scaffolding assisted by PhET Simulation
Authors: Saputri Affa Ardhi
Published: September 2021

Basic physics practicum learning through virtual laboratories is less than optimal in developing students' science process skills. This study reveals the results of improving students' science process skills based on the application of computer scaffolding assisted by PhET simulation. This study uses a quantitative approach with a sample of 14 students through purposive sampling technique. The research stages consist of introduction, implementation, and evaluation. Collecting data through interviews, tests, and observations. Data analysis using the N-gain test. The results showed an increase in students' science process skills on several indicators with various categories. The indicator is observing 0.49 (medium category), formulating hypotheses 0.34 (medium category), carrying out experiments 0.39 (medium category), data interpretation and analysis 0.42 (medium category), communicating 0.33 (medium category), and concluded 0.29 (low category). Computer-based scaffolding with PhET simulation is an online learning solution that can also be collaborated with offline learning to improve students' science process skills.
Increasing Company Value Through Financial Policies and Performance of Manufacturing Companies Listed on The Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Widyakto Adhi , Widyarti Endang Tri , Suryawardana Edy
Published: September 2021

The phenomenon that there are still many manufacturing industry companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange that have a PBV smaller than one is the main basis for conducting the study. This study aims to analyze the effect of financial policy and financial performance on firm value. The sampling technique was based on purposive sampling. The data analysis technique used a linear regression model. Based on the analysis and discussion results, there are four main findings obtained from this study: First, the model used is significant to explain changes in firm value with the ability to explain 48.7 percent. Second, of the five independent variables, there are three variables: the policy in working capital management and the performance variable, namely the volatility of expectations and returns, which have a significant effect. To the value of the company. Third, the company's financial performance factors have a more dominant influence on the company's value dynamics than policy factors. Fourth, the direction coefficient of the influence of the independent variable on the dependent variable, although the two variables are not significant. The practical implication is to increase the value of a manufacturing company. Therefore, it is advisable to consider financial policies and financial performance. Theoretically, financial management based on signal theory and trade-off theory of Islamic perspective theory can increase firm value.
Computer Game-Based Learning Media as a Strategy to Increase Students' Motivation Learning
Authors: Husni Mahasin , Sumardjoko Bambang , Darsinah Darsinah
Published: September 2021

The success of teaching and learning activities is determined by one of the methods and media of learning. This study aims to determine the needs of learning media, develop learning media based on computer games, and determine the effectiveness of learning media based on computer games on students' motivation and interest in learning. This type of research is Research and Development (RD), referring to the ADDIE development model. Data collection techniques using observation and questionnaires. The data analysis technique is done by analyzing the questionnaire. The results showed that students needed new learning media with the criteria of using computer technology, game-based, having a colorful display, involving an active role in student participation, easy to operate, equipped with characters, login, and voice access rights. A computer game-based learning media application has been developed called "BEBEB" with a very proper assessment from Media Experts and Material Experts. The effectiveness of the "BEBEB" application as a learning media based on computer games increased learning motivation by 16.5% and interest in learning by 24.33%. The study results indicate that the development of computer-based learning media as a strategy to increase students' motivation and interest in learning at SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Andong Boyolali has been able to be implemented properly. This implies that teachers need to provide learning media that can arouse students' motivation and interest in learning, one of which is using computer game-based learning media.
Analysis of Implementation of SKKNI Sub Funding and Services for Graduate of Vocation in Banking Sector
Authors: Trisanty Aidha
Published: September 2021

The Indonesian National Work Competency Standards (SKKNI) are efforts to produce graduates ready for work according to industry needs. This includes the SKKNI for the sub-field of Funding and Services, covering four levels of qualifications for a prospective banker that include Teller, Customer Service, Funding Sales Representative, and Funding Product Development Manager. This study aims to determine the implementation of the SKKNI for Sub Financing and Services for Diploma III graduates at the current SMK level. This research is a qualitative descriptive study using observation and interview methods for data collection. The population in this study were all commercial banks and Islamic banks in Yogyakarta. From the questionnaires distributed to users, fourteen banks consisted of 9 (nine) conventional banks, and 5 (five) Islamic banks filled out the questionnaire. Constraints in the application of the SKKNI are caused by the qualifications of the positions regulated in the SKKNI. The gap between the provisions in the SKKNI and the regulations in force in banking is an obstacle for vocational schools in preparing graduates who meet industry demands.
How is the Compensation of Employees?
Authors: Fawzia Elfira , Pribadi Firman
Published: September 2021

The compensation system is very critical and sensitive in the company. So that not a few companies are experiencing difficulties due to compensation that appears not implemented properly. The primary purpose of this study was to determine the remuneration system at PKU Aisyiyah Hospital Jepara. This study uses observation and in-depth interviews with selected respondents to collect data and analyzes with a qualitative approach using an action research design. The qualitative case study used purposive sampling involving nine people directly involved in the compensation process: three directors, three heads of general and finance divisions, and three finance staff. Some hospitals have not implemented the 2017 Permendiknas, but they have generally implemented several remuneration principles. This research has implications for the process of providing remuneration to hospital employees and recommendations for hospital managers to improve the application of remuneration according to PERMEN 2017.
Analysis of the Return and Risk of Investment in Insurance Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Robbyah Aizzah Sifaur , Mubarok Ferry Khusnul , El Junusi Rahman , Wahyudi Rofiul
Published: September 2021

The return and risk of stock investment have a high level of volatility because it depends on fundamental and technical conditions and the influence of micro and macro variables. This study aims to determine the risk and return on investment in insurance companies and analyze the effect of macroeconomic variables on the level of risk and return on investment in insurance companies. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling.  Data analysis shows that for three years, Asuransi Jasa Tania Tbk has the highest level of conclusion, which is 22.3%, and Asuransi Harta Aman Pratama Tbk. has the lowest rate of -3.3%. For three years, the value of Gross Domestic Product has increased successively so that this will cause a stock return that is proportional to the level of risk that will be faced. Changes in the inflation rate up and down for three consecutive years have a different effect every year where when the inflation rate decreases, the rate of return on investment will be high. In addition, the interest rate decreased from 4.75% in 2016 to 4.25% in 2017. Then it increased to 6.00% in 2018. The Rupiah exchange rate against the dollar is getting weaker, indicating an increase in the exchange rate. Every year from 2016 to 2018. When the rupiah exchange rate weakens, people will choose to invest in foreign currencies because the value of these foreign currencies can determine the size of the risk of a business.
La lucha por el territorio ancestral continental de los guaraníes transfronterizos en América del Sur
Authors: Mondardo Marcos
Published: September 2021

En Sudamérica, las reivindicaciones de las naciones indígenas sobre territorios autónomos y transfronterizos han dado lugar a la aparición de Estados plurinacionales. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la lucha por la tierra en el territorio continental ancestral de la Nación Guaraní en las fronteras de Brasil con Paraguay, Bolivia y Argentina desde finales del siglo XIX hasta principios del XXI. Se analizan las estrategias multi/transterritoriales de los guaraníes en los cuatro países en la pelea por la defensa de la vida y la demarcación de sus territorios. Además de la revisión bibliográfica y documental, se recogió material empírico entre 2016 y 2019 a través del trabajo de campo en las zonas de conflicto. El proyecto etnopolítico y autonómico Guaraní Continental es una forma de dar unidad a los enfrentamientos, de reclamar a los estados el libre tránsito por los territorios transfronterizos y la regulación compartida de sus derechos.
Study on the Fire Resistance of Concrete-filled Steel Tubular Column to
Composite Beam Joints after Earthquake Damage
Authors: Wang Wen-Da , Wei Guo-Qiang , Ji Sun-Hang , Mao Wen-Jing
Published: September 2021

Background:

Post-earthquake fire is one of the secondary disasters caused by the
earthquake; many earthquakes around the world have brought about severe fires and led to
enormous losses. It is of great significance to study the fire resistance of structures after earthquake
to improve the level of urban disaster prevention and reduce the fire loss.

Methods:

A nonlinear finite element model of composite joints subjected to post-earthquake
fires is established based on ABAQUS software. The state after the earthquake damage is imported
into the thermal-stress analysis model through the restart request in ABAQUS, and considered
as the initial state of the thermal-stress analysis model.

Results:

It is noticed that when the damage index is less than 0.517, the damage level shows
significant effect on the fire resistance, but the influence is no longer significant when the damage
index reaches 0.781. When only the column is exposed to fire, the column showed obvious
local buckling and overall bending deformation. Meanwhile, when the joint area below the concrete
slab is exposed to fire, the joint shows a mixed failure mode of the excessive vertical displacement
of beam end and column instability.

Conclusion:

The fire resistance of the composite joint decreases gradually with the increase of
seismic damage level. The fire condition has a significant effect on the fire resistance of the
composite joints; with the increase of fire area, the fire resistance of composite joints with same
damage degrees decreases gradually.
American Poverty and Social Rejection in Craig Gillespie’s I, Tonya
Authors: Korzeniewska-Nowakowska Paulina
Published: September 2021

This paper examines the image of American poverty, rejection and social engagement in a recent sports biopic inspired by the story of American skater Tonya Harding, Craig Gillespie’s I, Tonya (2017). It draws on data presented in recent poverty studies to determine the extent of deprivation and attend to its representation in American cinema. In the light of the above, I closely analyze the biopic, focusing on its depiction of professional figure skating, expectations of female athletes, and most importantly, the figure of Tonya Harding. I argue that the protagonist’s social background dominates her portrayal, which also challenges the common conception of a sports biopic; Harding’s narrative is defined by her mismatch with ice skating’s normative expectations and, most importantly, by her social standing.
Giving Voice to a Portrait: The Intersection of Gender, Race, and Law in Belle
Authors: Sutherland Kate
Published: September 2021

The 2013 feature film Belle presents an account of the life of Dido Elizabeth Belle (1761-1804). Belle was the daughter of Sir John Lindsay, a British naval officer, and Maria Belle, an enslaved African woman, and she was raised in the home of her great uncle Lord Mansfield during his tenure as Chief Justice of England. The record of Belle’s life is thin, and her story might have been altogether forgotten had it not been for a 1779 portrait of her in which she was painted alongside her white cousin Lady Elizabeth Murray. The film was inspired by the portrait. The paucity of available facts left the filmmakers much latitude for fictionalizing, but even so the film makes significant departures from the historical record, for example, in its representations of Belle’s eventual husband, and in its insertion of Belle into the unfolding of the Zong case, a case involving slavery that was decided by Lord Mansfield in 1783. In this paper, I consider the effectiveness and the ethical implications of the filmmakers’ use of law to give voice to this historical figure.
The Enduring Influence of Female Special Operations Executive Agent Biopics on Cultural Memory and Representations in France and Great Britain
Authors: Pomiès-Maréchal Sylvie
Published: September 2021

Seventy-five years have elapsed since the end of World War Two. Yet, the memory of the conflict still occupies a central place in British and French collective consciousness. Fiction and film representations of the war act as powerful ‘vectors of memory’, to borrow an expression from French historian Henry Rousso, and as such, they have deeply contributed to shaping popular and cultural memories of the war.

This article investigates a specific aspect of World War Two representations, namely the cinematic representations of the female agents from the SOE F section, focusing on the ‘generic’ or archetypal figure of the female SOE agent as generated by the post-war cultural industry. After a brief contextualisation focusing on Churchill’s clandestine organisation, the article will analyse the contribution of Odette (Herbert Wilcox, 1950) and Carve Her Name with Pride (Lewis Gilbert, 1958) to the construction of a World War Two ‘mythology’. It will then address more recent films, concentrating on Charlotte Gray (Gillian Armstrong, 2001) and Female Agents (Jean-Paul Salomé, 2008).

How did the fictional construction of the female spy come to influence the social and cultural perception of the SOE agent? Are the tropes developed in such post-war films as Odette or Carve Her Name with Pride still current or have they evolved with time? The analysis of these fictional representations will reveal the permanence or evolution of certain representational patterns and also allow us to approach different perspectives on the cultural representation of World War Two on both sides of the Channel.
Beyond the Voice of Egypt: Reclaiming Women’s Histories and Female Authorship in Shirin Neshat’s Looking for Oum Kulthum (2017)
Authors: Antic Marija
Published: September 2021

By drawing on postcolonial feminist discourse and Hamid Naficy’s (2001) notion of ‘accented’ cinema, in particular his approach of combining the interstitial position of exilic and diasporic filmmakers with concepts of authorship and genre, this paper explores the intersection between biographical film, gendered rewriting of history, and self-narrative as a site of resistance to nationalist and patriarchal ideologies in Shirin Neshat’s Looking for Oum Kulthum (2017). I argue that Neshat’s authorial style and her position as an exilic artist inflect the biographical film in its traditional form, showcasing an innovative perspective on the genre, restructuring it to reveal the constructedness of not only a cinematic process, but also of history and historical figures. Blending the stories of a present-day Iranian woman filmmaker and the professional life of the legendary Egyptian singer Oum Kulthum, Neshat displaces the biopic from its Western-centric roots by explicitly opening it up to a discourse of contemporary gender politics in the Middle East. In doing so, she exposes the social forces that shape the production of the biopic in relation to the notion of female authorship in the context of the transcultural circuits and feminist reclaiming of Oum Kulthum’s international stardom.
A Classification of Japanese Nursing Homes on the Spatial Layouts of Common Facilities: An analysis using Space Syntax Theory
Authors: Bai Lin , Cao Miao
Published: September 2021

This article analyzes the spatial layout in Japanese nursing homes, and to clarify the core space and spatial characteristics of the common facility. By using the Space Syntax DepthMapX tool, we analyzed 62 nursing homes from Japanese architecture publications. Then, we use the spatial integration metric to identify the core space and transition of the common core facilities. The result shows the core space changed from the corridor in the 1980s to the hall nowadays; the community space and physical training room have also become the common core facility in Japanese nursing homes.
Design Principles for Secure and Sociable Local Community: Case study - Chizar
Authors: Monfared Neda Sadat Sahragard , Hashemnejad Hashem , Yazdanfar Seyed Abbas
Published: September 2021

Sustainable development covers different environmental, social and economic dimensions. In this paper, we discuss social aspects of sustainability emphasize that a local community center should include security and sociability concepts. Therefore, the objective of the paper is finding suitable design principles that could increase these two concepts. The methodology of the article is survey and case study. The selected site is CHIZAR local community in Tehran. The paper will conclude that some design principles such as diversity in function, visibility, Attractive Street frontages and stay area increase security and sociability concepts.
Effective Daylight Design Strategies of Colonial Mosques in Malaysia
Authors: Sanusi Aliyah Nur Zafirah , Abdul Jamil Ahmad Faisal , Abdullah Fadzidah , Othman Rosniza
Published: September 2021

This study evaluates the effective Daylighting design strategies of Colonial Mosques in Malaysia. There are two objectives, and the first objective is to examine the Daylighting performance of the main prayer hall of three Colonial Mosques in Malaysia. The second objective is to identify effective Daylighting design strategies from the Colonial Mosques in Malaysia. The triangular research methodology was applied for this study. The research methodology consists of literature review, field observation, and Daylighting analysis simulation with Sefaira simulation software. In conclusion, window heights influence the Daylighting performance of the main prayer hall. Higher windows give more effective Daylighting.
Modified Open-Plan Preschool Spaces and their Influence on Childrens Cognitive Development
Authors: Shaari Mariam Felani , Zaiki Yazid , Sh. Ahmad Sabarinah , Ismail Izaham Shah
Published: September 2021

Modified open-planning to define activity spaces is vital in preschool design. Childrens cognitive development is reflected in cognitive school readiness (SR). This study investigates the correlation between modified open-plan spaces and cognitive SR in Malaysian preschools. A prospective cohort study involving 378 children at 18 MOE preschools was conducted. Among all preschool physical design aspects (size, image, scale, circulation, facilities, indoor environment quality, safety, home bases, activity areas, and play yards), the quality of modified open-plan preschool spaces showed the strongest correlation with children cognitive SR (Pearson r=0.658, p=0.000). Findings are hoped to promote better planning in preschool designs.
The Quality of Overall Planning and its Influence on Overcrowding in Malaysian Preschools
Authors: Shaari Mariam Felani , Sh. Ahmad Sabarinah , Ismail Izaham Shah , Zaiki Yazid
Published: September 2021

Overcrowding in Malaysian preschools is concerning and can be attributed to inadequate building size and poor planning. Sufficient space for learning activities is crucial for children's development. This study examines and proposes recommendations to improve the overall planning of 26 public Ministry of Education (MOE) preschools in Klang Valley. The Childrenâ€™s Physical Environment Rating Scale was used to assess planning aspects including building size, indoor activity spaces, classroom enrolment, and modules. Most assessed MOE preschools lacked space and the average quality of overall planning was rated Fair. Recommendations are hoped to promote better planning for public preschools in Malaysia.
Effectiveness of Contact Tracing for Viral Disease Mitigation and Suppression: Evidence-Based Review
Authors: Thomas Craig Kelly Jean , Rizvi Rubina , Willis Van C , Kassler William J , Jackson Gretchen Purcell
Published: September 2021

Background

Contact tracing in association with quarantine and isolation is an important public health tool to control outbreaks of infectious diseases. This strategy has been widely implemented during the current COVID-19 pandemic. The effectiveness of this nonpharmaceutical intervention is largely dependent on social interactions within the population and its combination with other interventions. Given the high transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2, short serial intervals, and asymptomatic transmission patterns, the effectiveness of contact tracing for this novel viral agent is largely unknown.

Objective

This study aims to identify and synthesize evidence regarding the effectiveness of contact tracing on infectious viral disease outcomes based on prior scientific literature.

Methods

An evidence-based review was conducted to identify studies from the PubMed database, including preprint medRxiv server content, related to the effectiveness of contact tracing in viral outbreaks. The search dates were from database inception to July 24, 2020. Outcomes of interest included measures of incidence, transmission, hospitalization, and mortality.

Results

Out of 159 unique records retrieved, 45 (28.3%) records were reviewed at the full-text level, and 24 (15.1%) records met all inclusion criteria. The studies included utilized mathematical modeling (n=14), observational (n=8), and systematic review (n=2) approaches. Only 2 studies considered digital contact tracing. Contact tracing was mostly evaluated in combination with other nonpharmaceutical interventions and/or pharmaceutical interventions. Although some degree of effectiveness in decreasing viral disease incidence, transmission, and resulting hospitalizations and mortality was observed, these results were highly dependent on epidemic severity (R0 value), number of contacts traced (including presymptomatic and asymptomatic cases), timeliness, duration, and compliance with combined interventions (eg, isolation, quarantine, and treatment). Contact tracing effectiveness was particularly limited by logistical challenges associated with increased outbreak size and speed of infection spread.

Conclusions

Timely deployment of contact tracing strategically layered with other nonpharmaceutical interventions could be an effective public health tool for mitigating and suppressing infectious outbreaks by decreasing viral disease incidence, transmission, and resulting hospitalizations and mortality.
An Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Program for Anxiety and Depression (Tranquility): Adaptation Co-design and Fidelity Evaluation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Patterson Victoria C , Rossi Meghan A , Pencer Alissa , Wozney Lori
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) is a necessary step toward increasing the accessibility of mental health services. Yet, few iCBT programs have been evaluated for their fidelity to the therapeutic principles of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) or usability standards. In addition, many existing iCBT programs do not include treatments targeting both anxiety and depression, which are commonly co-occurring conditions.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to evaluate the usability of Tranquility—a novel iCBT program for anxiety—and its fidelity to CBT principles. This study also aims to engage in a co-design process to adapt Tranquility to include treatment elements for depression.

METHODS

CBT experts (n=6) and mental health–informed peers (n=6) reviewed the iCBT program Tranquility. CBT experts assessed Tranquility’s fidelity to CBT principles and were asked to identify necessary interventions for depression by using 2 simulated client case examples. Mental health–informed peers engaged in 2 co-design focus groups to discuss adaptations to the existing anxiety program and the integration of interventions for depression. Both groups completed web-based surveys assessing the usability of Tranquility and the likelihood that they would recommend the program.

RESULTS

The CBT experts’ mean rating of Tranquility’s fidelity to CBT principles was 91%, indicating a high fidelity to CBT. Further, 5 out of 6 CBT experts and all mental health–informed peers (all participants: 11/12, 88%) rated Tranquility as satisfactory, indicating that they may recommend Tranquility to others, and they rated its usability highly (mean 76.56, SD 14.07). Mental health–informed peers provided suggestions on how to leverage engagement with Tranquility (eg, adding incentives and notification control).

CONCLUSIONS

This preliminary study demonstrated the strong fidelity of Tranquility to CBT and usability standards. The results highlight the importance of involving stakeholders in the co-design process and future opportunities to increase engagement.

CLINICALTRIAL
The Correct Form of Testamentary Disposition for Health Workers and Covid-19 Patients in Quarantine
Authors: Rizkianti Wardani , Aprilia Anisah
Published: September 2021

Indonesia has a relatively high Covid-19 death rate. Many people face the risk of death due to Covid-19. They are, among others, health workers and Covid-19 patients. They need to prepare for the worst. For instance, they may need to make a will. During the pandemic, there is no standard guideline to dispose a will for health workers and Covid-19 patients in quarantine. Based on the current pandemic situation, health workers and Covid-19 patients are parties who need to write legal wills in the form of testamentary disposition considering the risk they face and their limited circumstances. The pandemic situation does not enable them to make testamentary disposition properly before a notary public. This study covers the problems of health workers and Covid-19 patients in making testamentary disposition in quarantine. Health workers and Covid-19 patients must be isolated from the public to avoid the risk of Covid-19 transmission. Surely, the situation avoids them to see public notary. In accordance with the situation, it is necessary to have a form of an appropriate testamentary disposition without the presence of a notary public. The study employed a normative juridical method with statutory and case approaches.
Comparison of Digital Copyright Protection on Over the Top (OTT) Streaming Content Media in Indonesia and the United States
Authors: Kurniawan Sihombing Agung , Ratna Permata Rika , Safiranita Ramli Tasya
Published: September 2021

In the rapid technological development, physical boundaries have begun to disappear. The internet has created a ‘free culture’. In addition, the era is challenging the copyright concept along with the emergence of ‘digital copyright’. It has become the main commodity of Over-the-Top services providing means of communication and entertainment through the internet. Content streaming service like Netflix uses films, as well as other cinematographic works, as its main commodities. OTT Streaming media helps to protect copyright holders' rights that previously have been violated by illegal streaming sites on the internet. Unfortunately, it also raises a new question: how digital copyright-objects can be protected in this kind of service. Without physical form, copyright object can be distributed easily on the internet, and it may lead to right violations. To answer this problem, the authors aim to describe the digital copyright protection on OTT Streaming Content Media in Indonesia and compare them to the 1998 Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) of the United States of America using a descriptive-analytical approach. This study employed a normative juridical approach with secondary data. The results of this study indicate that digital copyright protection in Indonesia is still centered on conventional copyright objects, and a sui generis law is needed to provide better protection for digital copyright objects.
Children Involvement in Terrorism Activities: Perpetrator or a Victim? (A Study in the Circle of Violence)
Authors: Edi Prastiyo Wawan , Rai Setiabudhi I Ketut
Published: September 2021

Terrorism is an extraordinary crime since it violates human rights. However, it will be different if children commit it. The legal approach is not necessarily taken against children who become terrorists. The problem of children's involvement in terrorist activities does not end there. Another important issue that must also be considered is children of terrorist parents. They must be rescued from a violent social environment. In this study, we will discuss the position of children as victims in the cycle of violence of terrorism and criminal policies in overcoming the involvement of children in terrorism activities. This research is normative legal research that examines the availability of provisions regulating the involvement of children in terrorism activities. Legal materials come from primary and secondary legal materials that are collected through literature study. Children who become terrorists are actually victims indoctrinated to commit terrorism which is believed as a struggle. Therefore, a human rights approach is needed to provide child protection. The criminal policy in tackling the involvement of children in terrorism activities is carried out by regulating the rehabilitation of radicalized children who are perpetrators and the placement of children whose parents are members of terrorism networks in a safe place.
The Implementation of the Deferred Prosecution Agreement Concept to Corruption by Corporations with the Anti-Bribery Management System (SNI ISO 37001: 2016)
Authors: Zenno Januarsyah Mas Putra , Ramdhan Pratama Mochamad , Pujiyono Pujiyono , Gultom Elisatris
Published: September 2021

Prevention of corruption is one of legal reform agendas that has been implemented by the Indonesian government. However, there is a gap in the main objective of the prevention to restore the country’s financial losses. Returning state’s financial losses is not easy. There are needs of a new paradigm to maximize the return of state financial losses caused by corruption. In the United Kingdom, the Serious Fraud Office used the Deferred Prosecution Agreement to handle Rolls-Royce’s alleged corruption offenses. One of the requirements is a legal compliance program that the corporation must obey. This study conducted in a form of a descriptive study. It employed normative juridical research type with statute and conceptual approaches, as well as legal comparison. The data was collected through literature studies before subsequently analyzed qualitatively. The results show that the implementation of the concept of deferred prosecution on corruption crimes committed by corporations with anti-bribery management system (SNI ISO 37001: 2016) is stated in the legislation policy related to the prohibition of corruption crimes committed by corporation. Any corporations can be held criminally accountable. However, policies and regulations in Indonesia do not require corporations to follow the legal compliance program.
The Position of Convict as Justice Collaborator in Revealing Organized Crime
Authors: Sugiri Bambang , Aprilianda Nurini , Hartadi Hanif
Published: September 2021

This article aims to examine the position of the convict as justice collaborator in revealing organized crime. A justice collaborator can assist law enforcement officers. The background of the study is the concept of crown witness, which is often used in proving criminal cases, even though it violates human rights. A difficulty in revealing organized crime is that perpetrators mostly do not disclose their criminal network and the parties involved. Information from the convict related to the network of the crime they committed makes law enforcement officers easier to reveal the organized crime. This study used a juridical analysis with an approach to laws and regulations, conceptual method, and comparative method. The results of the study show that convict who chose to become a justice collaborator has a vital role. Law enforcement officers can take advantage of this role in exposing organized crimes without human rights violations to the convict. The convict can have a reward in the form of parole and additional remissions.
Reliability and Security in the Implementation of Digital Health Service Application with the Application of "Reliability Certification or Electronic Certification" based on Indonesian Law
Authors: Hanif Charles , Amirulloh Muhamad , Muchtar Helitha
Published: September 2021

Societies are always changing rapidly. Initially, societies recognize ordinary health services. Now, people acknowledge web application based digital health services. This rapid change raises potential problems such as the sale of illegal drugs, user data theft, and illegal health workers. Unfortunately, the government has not provided actions to respond the issues quickly. There is no law that underlies the implementation of web application. It increases the possibility of other potential problems. Therefore, it is necessary to question the reliability and security of the implementation of the application and the form of legal responsibility of the organizer. This study used a normative juridical method, which is carried out by examining secondary data as the main study material. The study reveals that the reliability and security in the implementation of applications both as an electronic system and as a health service facility can still be optimized. There are two forms of legal responsibility for the application operator, namely liability in the form of obligations and in the form of sanctions.
Workers’ Protection in the Covid-19 Era in Nigeria
Authors: Ogancha O Ogbole , Omotayo Oduniyi Oreoluwa
Published: September 2021

Against the backdrop of measures adopted sequel to the outbreak of the pandemic, this research focuses on the impact of Covid-19 on the workplace. It highlights and interrogates the utility of responsive measures and also articulates recondite labour issues relating to changing work patterns, pay cuts, job losses culminating in growing unemployment rate, and occupational safety and health concerns within the context of extant labour standards. It also extends focus to the impact of Covid-19 on existing challenges revolving around working poverty, decent work deficit, unfair labour practices, and ineffective labour regimes. This research finds, inter alia, that impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the workplace is colossal, disruptive, and unprecedented, and that extant labour standards, having proved mute on a wide range of contingent workplace issues, can only provide some sort of protection in a detached manner. The research concludes with an array of far-reaching recommendations on the adoption of protective and remedial legal norms that are transient, flexible, and proactive enough to accommodate diverse situations capable of undermining the prospects for labour laws, regulations, and policies in the Covid-19 era.
MAKNA AHLI KITAB DALAM TAFSIR AL-MANAR
Authors: Djuned Muslim , Mufidah Nazla
Published: September 2021

Ahli kitab adalah sebutan bagi yang mempercayai dan berpegang pada agama yang memiliki kitab suci yang berasal dari Allah selain al-Qur'an. Dalam memahami sebutan ahli kitab dalam al-Qur'an, para ulama sepakat bahwa mereka adalah Yahudi dan Nasrani. Namun mengenai cakupan makna ahli kitab para ulama berbeda pendapat. Ada yang mengatakan ahli kitab adalah Yahudi dan Nasrani keturunan Bani Israil saja dan ada yang berpendapat ahli kitab adalah Yahudi dan Nasrani kapan pun, di manapun mereka berada. Pembahasan ini akan diteliti menggunakan metode maudhu’i, berupa riset kepustakaan (library research) dengan analisis data deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, penulis mendapatkan pengungkapan kata ahli kitab dalam al-Qur'an sebanyak 11 bentuk, yang dikelompokkan sebagai berikut; pertama, pengungkapan ahli kitab secara langsung; kedua, pengungkapan yang sama dengan ahli kitab; ketiga, pengungkapan yang tertuju kepada ahli kitab. Mengenai makna ahli kitab, Rasyid Ridha sepakat dengan jumhur ulama, hanya saja pendapatnya tentang cakupan ahli kitab lebih luas dari ulama sebelumnya. Dalam Tafsir al-Manar,ia mengutarakan bahwa cakupan ahli kitab tidak hanya sebatas Yahudi dan Nasrani saja, tetapi juga mencakup agama-agama lain seperti Majusi, Shabi'in, penyembah berhala di India, Cina dan siapa saja yang serupa dengan mereka. Menurutnya, semua agama tersebut bisa dimasukkan dalam cakupan ahli kitab karena pada awalnya semua agama menganut tauhid
USLUB MUQABALAH DALAM AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Aiman Ummul , Rahmah Siregar Masnaria Dewi
Published: September 2021

Al-Qur’an sebagai mukjizat bagi Nabi Saw memiliki keunikan dan keistimewaan khususnya dari segi bahasa. Indahnya al-Qur’an tidak akan dirasakan secara makna tanpa memperhatikan uslub yang digunakan di dalamnya. Salah satu bentuk keindahan al-Qur’an dari segi makna adalah al-muqabalah, yaitu menyebutkan dua kata atau lebih, lalu mendatangkan lawan dari makna tersebut secara berurutan. Di satu sisi, al-Qur’an mempunyai uslub bahasa yang berbeda dari sastra lain, akan tetapi di sisi lain banyak orang yang tidak dapat menyerap keindahan al-Qur’an dalam segi makna dikarenakan sulitnya memahami kaidah Bahasa Arab yang membutuhkan kepada penjelasan. Pembahasan ini dikaji dengan menggunakan metode maudhu’i, berupa riset kepustakaan (library research) dengan analisis data deskriptif. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam al-Qur’an terdapat sebanyak 66 ayat yang mengandung uslub muqabalah dengan bentuk yang berbeda-beda dan banyak disebutkan dalam ayat-ayat pendek. Perbandingan terkait antara nikmat dan azab Allah sebanyak 36 ayat, terkait perbandingan kekuasaan Allah 8 ayat, perbandingan terkait sifat orang-orang beriman dan orang kafir sebanyak 16 ayat, serta perbandingan antara perintah dan larangan 8 ayat. Uslub Muqabalah ini menjadi salah satu unsur dalam Ilmu Badi’ yang bisa dijadikan sebagai alat untuk menguak keindahan dan menjadi suatu keunikan dan keistimewaan bagi al-Qur’an.
PERAN ULU AL-ALBAB DALAM AL-AMR BI AL-MA’RUF WA AL-NAHY ‘AN AL-MUNKAR MENURUT Al-QUR’AN
Authors: Fauziah Mira
Published: September 2021

Ulu al-albab pada dasarnya adalah manusia yang mampu menangkap dan mengambil pelajaran dari tanda-tanda kebesaran Allah serta merasakan keberadaan-Nya. Dalam perbendaharaan Bahasa Indonesia, pengertian ini sama maknanya dengan orang yang berakal biasa digunakan dengan istilah intelektual atau cendikiawan. Dari penjelasan ayat-ayat al-Qur’an, terlihat bahwa ulu al-albab merupakan manusia yang telah memperoleh hidayah Allah. Sebagai manusia pilihan, ulu al-albab tentu mempunyai tanggung jawab agama dan moral yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan manusia biasa. Tanggung jawab yang dimaksud di antaranya kewajiban menegakkan al-amr bi al-ma’ruf wa al-nahy ‘an al-munkar secara menyeluruh di kalangan umat manusia
TATHMA`IN AL-QULUB DALAM PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Mauliana Mauliana
Published: September 2021

Beragam pembahasan terdapat dalam al-Qur’an, salah satunya tentang qalbu yang dibahas dalam berbagai aspek, di antaranya tathma`in al-qulub. Tathma`in al-qulub adalah suatu perasaan tenang atau keadaan tenang yang dirasakan atau berasal dari dalam hati atau qalbu. Namun, pemahaman tentang ketenangan hati yang dimiliki oleh manusia masa modern yang hedonis memaknainya dengan stabil atau tetapnya keadaan kehidupan duniawi (materi) atau meningkatnya martabat di dunia. Sehingga penulis ingin mengkaji pandangan al-Qur’an tentang tathma`in al-qulub dengan melihat konteks ayat-ayat serta indikator dan hikmahnya dalam al-Qur’an. Metode yang digunakan pada kajian ini adalah metode maudhu‘i (tematik) dengan pendekatan tasawuf. Dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan data kepustakaan dan menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif terhadap material perpustakaan tersebut. Berdasarkan hasil  penelitian, penulis mengelompokkan ayat-ayat al-Qur’an yang berbicara tentang tathma`in al-qulub dalam empat konteks pembahasan, yaitu keimanan, bantuan dalam peperangan, penyembunyian keimanan, dan perintah zikir. Selain itu, terdapat lima indikator dasar sebagai tolak ukur tathma`in al-qulub yakni taubat, beriman dan beramal saleh, takwa, tawakkal, dan sabar. Semua hal tersebut mengindikasikan keimanan seorang mukmin yang beriman dan senantiasa menjaga keimanan serta terus meningkatkan keimanannya sehingga mampu mencapai tathma`in al-qulub
SISTEMATIKA DAN PERSENTASE BAB-BAB HADIS
Authors: Suwarni Suwarni , Maizuddin Maizuddin
Published: September 2021

Sunan adalah kitab yang disusun berdasarkan bab-bab fikih atau berisi tentang hadis-hadis ahkam (hukum) untuk dipakai sebagai referensi ulama fikih dalam istinbat hukum, seperti kitab Sunan al-Nasai, Sunan Abi Dawud, Sunan al-Tirmidzi, Sunan Ibnu Majah, dan Sunan al-Darimi. Namun, ada perbedaan dalam sistematika dan persentase pada beberapa kitab sunan tersebut. Untuk melihat permasalahan ini lebih lanjut, kajian kepustakaan ini dilakukan secara deskriptif dan komparatif dengan merujuk pada sumber-sumber terkait. Dalam kitab sunan, ditemukan ada sebagian kitab yang tidak secara ketat menggunakan sistematika berdasarkan bab fikih, sebagaimana penamaannya sebagai kitab sunan. Sistematika dan persentase bab-bab hadis dalam kitab sunan secara keseluruhannya berbeda-beda baik dari segi jumlah bab maupun jumlah hadis dalam kitab sunan tersebut