bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patients With Metastatic Disease Are at Highest Risk for Anxiety and Depression in an Orthopedic Oncology Patient Population
Authors: Tarrasch Jeffrey , England Patrick , Hurst V. Tillman , McDonald Douglas , O'Keefe Regis , Cipriano Cara
Published: June 2022

PURPOSE:

Patients with cancer are at risk for anxiety and depression; however, the patterns and predictors of symptoms in an orthopedic oncology population have not been studied.

METHODS:

We retrospectively reviewed Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System scores of all adult patients who underwent palliative surgery for metastatic cancer, resection of a sarcoma, or nononcologic total joint arthroplasty at a single institution from 2015 to 2020. Backward stepwise linear regression was used to determine risk factors for perioperative anxiety and depression.

RESULTS:

Postoperative anxiety and depression were more prevalent in patients with metastatic disease than localized cancer or nononcologic conditions ( P < .001 and P < .001, respectively). Worse preoperative pain and function were associated with higher preoperative anxiety (β = .321, P = .001; β = –.236, P = .012, respectively) and depression (β = .245, P = .009; β = –.279, P = .003, respectively). Worse preoperative anxiety, preoperative depression, and postoperative pain were associated with higher postoperative anxiety (β = .204, P = .012; β = .260, P = .001; β = .447, P < .001, respectively). Worse preoperative depression and postoperative pain also predicted higher postoperative depression (β = .542, P < .001; β = .325, P < .001, respectively).

CONCLUSION:

Anxiety and depression were most prevalent in patients with metastatic disease. Compared with total joint arthroplasty patients, patients with cancer less frequently experienced postoperative improvements in anxiety and depression. Worse preoperative pain and function were independently associated with greater preoperative anxiety and depression. Providers should maintain awareness of the relationship between mental and physical health to optimize outcomes.
A Global Version of Samuelson's Dictum
Authors: Xiao Yaqing , Yan Hongjun , Zhang Jinfan
Published: June 2022

Samuelson’s Dictum refers to the conjecture that there is more informational inefficiency at the aggregate stock market level than at the individual stock level. Our paper recasts it in a global setup: there should be more informational inefficiency at the global level than at the country level. We find that sovereign CDS spreads can predict future stock market index returns, GDP, and PMI of their underlying countries. Consistent with the global version of Samuelson’s Dictum, the predictive power for both stock returns and macro variables is almost entirely from the global, rather than country-specific, information from the sovereign CDS market. (JEL G12, G14, G17)
Dental treatment before surgery in a patient with cleft lip and palate: case report
Authors: Ribeiro Thyciana Rodrigues , Silva Sara Maria , Ribeiro Erlane Marques , Fonteles Cristiane Sá Roriz
Published: June 2022

Introduction: orofacial clefts are common congenital malformations with an important social, psychological, and economic impact. The treatment of this condition may include different surgical procedures that previously require an adequate oral condition. Case report: we report a case of dental treatment before palatoplasty in a male patient of 17 years-old with bilateral cleft lip and palate and lesion in the jugal mucosa. Final considerations: the adequacy of the oral environment is a fundamental step in the treatment of patients with orofacial clefts and aims to restore oral health regardless of the degree of complexity of the dental treatment through the reduction of the pathogenic microbiota, elimination of retentive niches, instructions on diet and adequate oral hygiene and constant patient motivation.
Το πορτραίτο του παιδιού και της παιδικής ηλικίας στα σχολικά εγχειρίδια Θρησκευτικών του Δημοτικού Σχολείου Ελλάδας και Κύπρου
Authors: Μαυρομουστάκου Ελένη
Published: June 2022

Αντικείμενο της έρευνας της παρούσας διατριβής αποτελούν τα κείμενα και οι εικόνες με θέμα την παιδική ηλικία στα σχολικά εγχειρίδια Θρησκευτικών του Δημοτικού Σχολείου της Κύπρου (Α -Γ τάξεις του 2016, Δ τάξη του 2017 και Ε - Στ τάξεις του 2019), τους Φακέλους Μαθητή της Ελλάδας (Φάκελοι Μαθητή του 2018) και τα Βιβλία Μαθητή της Ελλάδας (Βιβλία Μαθητή του 2020). Σκοπός είναι η δημιουργία και η σύγκριση των πορτραίτων του παιδιού και της παιδικής ηλικίας όπως αυτά παρουσιάζονται στα σχολικά εγχειρίδια Θρησκευτικών της Ελλάδας και της Κύπρου. Η διατριβή διαρθρώνεται σε δύο μέρη. Στο πρώτο Μέρος παρουσιάζεται το Θεωρητικό πλαίσιο. Δίνεται η ερμηνεία των εννοιών παιδί, παιδική ηλικία και παιδική εργασία. Αναφέρονται ιστορικές απόψεις και μελέτες που επηρέασαν τον επιστημονικό κλάδο της Κοινωνιολογίας της παιδικής ηλικίας. Γίνεται λόγος για την παιδική ηλικία στη διδασκαλία του Χριστού και για τα δικαιώματα του παιδιού. Περιγράφονται τα ψυχοπαιδαγωγικά χαρακτηριστικά της παιδικής ηλικίας. Παρουσιάζονται: οι σχέσεις Εκκλησίας-Κράτους στις ευρωπαϊκές χώρες και οι νόμοι της Ελληνικής και Κυπριακής Δημοκρατίας για τη θρησκεία και την παιδεία. Γίνεται αναφορά στη θρησκευτική εκπαίδευση στις χώρες της Ευρώπης. Αναλύονται οι συνθήκες υπό τις οποίες έγινε η συγγραφή των Φακέλων Μαθητή Ελλάδας, με βάση το Πρόγραμμα Σπουδών (Π.Σ.) του 2017, των Βιβλίων Μαθητή Ελλάδας, με βάση το Π.Σ. του 2020 και των σχολικών εγχειριδίων της Κύπρου με βάση τα Αναλυτικά Προγράμματα Σπουδών (Α.Π.Σ.) του 2009 και των αναδομημένων Α.Π.Σ. του 2014. Το δεύτερο Μέρος της διατριβής αποτελεί η έρευνα. Για την καλύτερη επεξεργασία των δεδομένων έχει χρησιμοποιηθεί το μεθοδολογικό παράδειγμα σύνθεσης ποιοτικής και ποσοτικής ανάλυσης περιεχομένου που συνέθεσε ο Γερμανός Ph. Mayring. Αρχικά καθορίστηκε το υπό έρευνα υλικό. Στη συνέχεια ερευνήθηκαν και αναλύθηκαν οι συνθήκες υπό τις οποίες έγινε η συγγραφή των σχολικών εγχειριδίων. Ακολούθως, τέθηκαν τα ερευνητικά ερωτήματα και ο σκοπός της έρευνας. Έπειτα, δημιουργήθηκαν δύο συστήματα κατηγοριών. Ένα για τα κείμενα και ένα για τις εικόνες. Ακολούθησε η ποιοτική και ποσοτική ανάλυση περιεχομένου του συνόλου των εγχειριδίων του μαθήματος των Θρησκευτικών του Δημοτικού Σχολείου Ελλάδας και Κύπρου. Εν συνεχεία, εξήχθησαν τα αποτελέσματα και τα γενικά συμπεράσματα. Κατόπιν έγινε σύνθεση των πληροφοριών ώστε να σχηματιστεί το πορτραίτο του ορθόδοξου χριστιανού παιδιού με βάση τα σχολικά εγχειρίδια της Ελλάδας και της Κύπρου και έγινε η σύγκριση ανάμεσα στα δύο πορτραίτα. Στο τέλος της διατριβής έχουν διατυπωθεί προτάσεις που αφορούν τη συγγραφή νέων σχολικών εγχειριδίων για το μάθημα των Θρησκευτικών στο Δημοτικό Σχολείο καθώς και προτάσεις για περαιτέρω έρευνα.
Ανάπτυξη της ψυχικής ανθεκτικότητας των μαθητών σε περίοδο οικονομικής κρίσης
Authors: Βράντση Αγάπη
Published: June 2022

Η παρούσα διατριβή μελετά τη δυνατότητα του σχολείου να ενισχύσει την ψυχική ανθεκτικότητα (ΨΑ) (resilience) των μαθητών/τριών στην περίοδο της οικονομικής κρίσης στην Ελλάδα. Εστιάζει, κυρίως, στη δυνατότητα για την ψυχοκοινωνική τους ανάπτυξη, ώστε να αντιμετωπίσουν τις συνέπειες που υφίστανται στην οικογένεια λόγω αντίξοων οικονομικών συνθηκών. Πεδίο εφαρμογής αποτέλεσαν έξι Δημοτικά σχολεία της Δυτικής Μακεδονίας, όπου εφαρμόστηκαν, ενσωματωμένες στο πρόγραμμα διδασκαλίας των επιμέρους διδακτικών αντικειμένων, κατάλληλες διδακτικές-εκπαιδευτικές παρεμβάσεις και μελετήθηκε η αποτελεσματικότητά τους. Με γνώμονα τη μεθοδολογία της ποιοτικής προσέγγισης, ως ερευνητικά εργαλεία εφαρμόστηκαν οδηγοί συνέντευξης για εκπαιδευτικούς και μαθητές/τριες, φύλλα παρατήρησης, καθώς και ημερολόγια, για την καταγραφή από τους/τις εκπαιδευτικούς της πορείας των εκπαιδευτικών διαδικασιών στη διάρκεια των παρεμβάσεων, αλλά και της απήχησής τους στους/στις μαθητές/τριες. Τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας δείχνουν ότι πριν την εφαρμογή της διδακτικής-εκπαιδευτικής παρέμβασης, οι μαθητές/τριες εμφανίζονται επηρεασμένοι/ες από την οικονομική κρίση και η ΨΑ τους χρήζει ενίσχυσης, ενώ μετά τη διδακτική παρέμβαση φαίνεται να έχουν αποκτήσει συγκεκριμένα χαρακτηριστικά θετικής προσαρμογής, ώστε να μπορούν να διαχειρίζονται ικανοποιητικά τις δύσκολες καταστάσεις που βιώνουν ως συνέπεια των οικονομικών προβλημάτων τους. Συμπερασματικά, διαφαίνεται ότι η εμπλοκή των μαθητών/τριών σε διαδικασίες που τους δίνουν ευκαιρίες για συμμετοχή σε δράσεις με νόημα και ανάπτυξη αλληλεγγύης μεταξύ τους αποτελούν σημαντικό βήμα για την ανάπτυξη της ψυχικής τους ανθεκτικότητας, ώστε να επιτυγχάνουν την άμβλυνση των επιπτώσεων που έχει η οικονομική κρίση στους/στις ίδιους/ες και στις οικογένειές τους.
Διερεύνηση γενετικών, επιγενετικών και πρωτεϊνικών παραμέτρων σε ασθενείς με Πρώτο Ψυχωτικό Επεισόδιο και σε Ζωϊκά Μοντέλα
Authors: Θεοδωρίδου Ντανιέλα
Published: June 2022

Η σχιζοφρένεια αποτελεί μια σημαντική νευροψυχιατρική νόσο και επηρεάζει το 1% του γενικού πληθυσμού. Η έναρξη της νόσου είναι οξεία και θεαματική ή βραδεία με προϊούσα πορεία. Τα συμπτώματά της περιλαμβάνουν ψευδαισθήσεις, παραληρητικές ιδέες και αποδιοργανωμένο λόγο, ενώ στην παθολογία της νόσου συμπεριλαμβάνονται ψυχωτικά επεισόδια. Στην εργασία αυτή μελετήθηκαν σε περιφερικό αίμα ατόμων με Πρώτο Ψυχωτικό Επεισόδιο (ΠΨΕ) και σε δείγμα ελέγχου γενικού πληθυσμού, παράγοντες που διαμεσολαβούν την απόκριση στο στρες. Συγκεκριμένα, διερευνήθηκαν τα επίπεδα mRNA των μορίων-τελεστών που διαμεσολαβούν την απόκριση στο στρες μέσω του άξονα Υποθαλάμου-Υπόφυσης-Επινεφριδίων (ΥΥΕ) και είναι υπεύθυνα για την επαναφορά του οργανισμού στην ομοιόσταση κατόπιν έκθεσης σε στρεσογόνα περιβαλλοντικά ερεθίσματα. Αρχικά γονοτυπήθηκαν πολυμορφισμοί των γονιδίων SLC6A4 και FKBP5 που φαίνεται να επηρεάζουν την απόκριση στο στρες και βρέθηκαν στατιστικά σημαντικές διαφορές μεταξύ των αλληλομόρφων στα δείγματα με ΠΨΕ και στο γενικό πληθυσμό. Επιπλέον, η παρουσία των αλληλομόρφων κινδύνου συσχετίστηκε με υψηλότερα σκορ στην κλίμακα PANSS-N και χαμηλότερα σκορ στην κλίμακα PANSS-G. Μελετήθηκαν έπειτα τα επίπεδα των γονιδίων NR3C1 και NR3C2 που κωδικοποιούν τους υποδοχείς γλυκοκορτικοειδών (GR) και αλατοκορτικοειδών (MR) αντίστοιχα και παρατηρήθηκαν μειωμένα επίπεδα mRNA του γονιδίου NR3C2 στα δείγματα με ΠΨΕ πριν και μετά τη θεραπεία με δεύτερης γενιάς αντιψυχωτικά, ενώ η έρευνα των γονιδίων FKBP5 και GILZ, που αποτελούν μεταγραφικούς στόχους του GR, αποκάλυψε αυξημένα τα επίπεδα των mRNA τους. Επιπροσθέτως, διερευνήθηκαν τα επίπεδα της πρωτεΐνης FKBP5 που λειτουργεί ως συμπαράγοντας του GR σε ανεξάρτητο δείγμα ατόμων με ΠΨΕ και βρέθηκαν σημαντικά μειωμένα, καθώς και τα επίπεδα μεθυλίωσης της νησίδας CpG του υποκινητή του γονιδίου FKBP5, τα οποία υποδεικνύουν μια μη μεθυλιωμένη περιοχή. Επιπλέον, οι ίδιοι παράγοντες του στρες μελετήθηκαν σε επίπεδο mRNA σε ένα μοντέλο απρόβλεπτου επαναλαμβανόμενου στρες περιορισμού σε μύες. Η απόκριση στο στρες μελετήθηκε μέσω συμπεριφορικών δοκιμασιών, συμπεριλαμβανομένης της δοκιμασίας Εξαναγκασμένης Κολύμβησης, της δοκιμασίας Κοινωνικής Προτίμησης/Αποφυγής και της δοκιμασίας Σκοτεινού/Φωτεινού πεδίου στους μύες που υπέστησαν στρες και σε δείγμα ελέγχου. Τα μοριακά ευρήματα στο μοντέλο τρωκτικών συμφωνούν με τα ευρήματα των ατόμων με ΠΨΕ. Συγκεκριμένα, παρατηρήθηκαν μειωμένα επίπεδα των γονιδίων NR3C2 και BDNF και αυξημένα επίπεδα του γονιδίου FKBP5 στον προμετωπιαίο φλοιό τρωκτικών που υπέστησαν επαναλαμβανόμενο στρες περιορισμού. Τα ευρήματα αυτά καθιστούν την ανάγκη για περαιτέρω διερεύνηση των μοριακών τελεστών του στρες στο ΠΨΕ επιτακτική.
Steppe Habitats’ Entomofauna At Ouled Djellel-Algeria: Statistical Analysis
Authors: Nacima Deghiche Diab , Moustafa ABABSA Moustafa , Deghiche TESNIM DIAB
Published: June 2022

Statistical analyses was done for the obtained results from a study carried out on the 97 insects  species collected at Ouled Djellel steppe ecosystem of Biskra region. By using the PCA and the CAH of the XLSTAT software (2016. v. 3.1. .), we obtained a highest cumulative inertia (25.44%) explained by axis F1, represented by winter months  (December, January, February) and those of summer (June and July) and correlated with 31 species from the total collected species. In addition, different groups were obtained from the simultaneous representation of months and species, where four most indicative groups were validated using CAH with a height indication for the second group.
Influence of Globalization on Online Business: A conceptual study with reference to Amazon and Alibaba e-commerce site
Authors: Dey Veto , Francis Glen
Published: June 2022

Globalization helps in identifying export markets, doing business beyond boundaries, developing oversea contacts, establishing presence in their markets. It also refers to the spread of job, product, technology, and service by doing cross border trades. In this Internet era the use of electronics for doing business transactions have been used globally. India has almost 700 million internet users in 2020. In this conceptual paper the researchers were trying to find out the impact of globalization on two renowned e-commerce sites with reference to India.  Amazon and Alibaba were chosen for the study. Different Trade bodies’ policies studies were also analyzed to find out the ease of doing business policies. Finding of the study shows that Amazon has utilized thinking globally but acting locally strategy in Indian Markets and whereas Alibaba has used its previous model in India, now focusing on vertical e-commerce model and smaller deals as its future strategy. Finding also shows that Amazon and Alibaba have recognized the diversity of the Indian people and with a purpose has used this understanding to spread its market share. The two-e-commerce giant, their strategies and working model is used to reach the conclusion of the study.
Moral Certainty of Faculty of Reason in Descartes’ Discourse
Authors: Samjetsabam Michael
Published: June 2022

In this paper, I have made an attempt to understand the concept of moral certainty in Descartes’ philosophy. This concept has not received much attention in the Cartesian scholarship. I argue that Descartes entertains a certainty, called moral certainty, which is a lesser certainty than metaphysical certainty, which we see in his text, Meditations. Only a few Cartesian scholars have talked about this concept in relation to other areas in Descartes’ philosophy. In this paper, I draw a relationship between the concept of moral certainty and the faculty of reason in the context of Descartes’ text, Discourse. I argue that Descartes entertains the testimonies of learned men when it comes to practical or moral matters, arguing that their testimonies guarantee moral certainty. I argue that Descartes claims, in the Discourse, that human beings are endowed with the faculty of reason on the basis of moral certainty.
Historia zobowiązań quasi-kontraktowych w Common Law
Authors: Halberda Jan
Published: June 2022

Autor przedstawia specyfikę dawnego prawa angielskiego, w którym możliwość dochodzenia roszczeń osadzona była w systemie rytów (zbliżonym do siatki actiones w prawie rzymskim). Zwraca uwagę na nieporadność dawnego common law w obszarze prawa zobowiązań. Ukazuje następnie, jak dalece ryt assumpsit ‒ ekspandujący w obszar kontraktów, a następnie rozciągający swe działania na wypadki bezpodstawnego wzbogacenia ‒ okazał się tu zbawiennym środkiem zaradczym. Autor oparł swe rozważania nie tylko na bogatej anglojęzycznej literaturze przedmiotu, lecz także na analizie konkretnych cases zawartych w reports ‒ zbiorach precedensów opisanych przez dawnych jurystów. Monografia została przygotowania na podstawie pracy doktorskiej, która w 2009 r. uzyskała I nagrodę w XLIV Ogólnopolskim Konkursie „Państwa i Prawa" na najlepsze prace habilitacyjne i doktorskie z dziedziny nauk prawnych. Prof. dr hab. Kazimierz Baran
Heart failure and iron deficiency: opportunities for nurses to provide better care for patients
Authors: Lovatt Saul , Batson James , Kwok Chun Shing
Published: June 2022

Nurses can have a major impact on the care of patients with iron deficiency and heart failure. Identifying and treating iron deficiency in patients with heart failure can reduce hospitalisations and improve quality of life. There is evidence to suggest that oral iron is ineffective in treating iron deficiency in this patient group, but studies with intravenous iron have demonstrated benefits. Nurses with knowledge of iron deficiency in heart failure can recognise symptoms and suggest that the patient is evaluated for this problem. The nature of the holistic care that nurses provide may enable early detection of malnourishment and melaena, as well as less apparent symptoms associated with iron deficiency. This nursing relationship with patients could also help to identify issues such as non-compliance to oral iron therapy and, in these circumstances, nurses could then advocate for switching to more effective intravenous therapy. Overall, nurses have the opportunity to positively impact the care of patients with heart failure and iron deficiency through early recognition of patients at risk, blood testing and interpretation, consideration of potential causes and advocacy of intravenous therapy.
Debating the best way to compensate patients for clinical negligence
Authors: Tingle John
Published: June 2022

John Tingle, Lecturer in Law, Birmingham Law School, University of Birmingham, unpicks the report from the Health and Social Care Committee on changes to the system for compensating patients who have been harmed
First impressions
Authors: Mortensen Neil
Published: June 2022

Our President reflects on the transition from digital to face-to-face meetings and the effect this has on first impressions.
Survey of non-spinal orthopaedic consultant surgeons at three district general hospitals regarding regional spinal services
Authors: Newman M , Ji C , Pearse R , Harvey J
Published: June 2022

Patients with emergency spinal pathologies such as suspected cauda equina syndrome are often admitted under non-spinal orthopaedic surgeons at district general hospitals (DGHs). Emergent investigation in the form of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is frequently required prior to potential referral to the tertiary spinal centre despite many DGHs not having out-of-hours MRI provision. Anecdotally, there is considerable anxiety among non-spinal orthopaedic surgeons working in DGHs around the admission and investigation of emergency spinal pathologies under their care. We sought to survey and formalise the opinions of non-spinal on-call orthopaedic consultants at three DGHs with regard to admission, investigation, local infrastructure and regional support provided to them when emergency spinal pathologies are admitted under their care.

The consultants surveyed reported being very uncomfortable managing emergency spinal cases admitted under their care. It was felt that the hospitals provided inadequate infrastructure, especially in terms of obtaining timely imaging. There is a lack of local outpatient spinal provision, a lack of consistent advice from the regional centre, and a feeling of patient, personal and organisational vulnerability with the current implementation of the regional spinal pathway. There was a high preference for a restructuring of the spinal pathway as well as a desire for on-site spinal opinions. The results of this survey demonstrate the considerable unease experienced by non-spinal trauma and orthopaedic consultants at district general hospitals with regard to the management of spinal pathology. We hypothesise that this is not limited to this region but is a sentiment echoed nationally.
Characterization and frequency analysis of long-term maximum rainfall from São Martinho, Santa Catarina, Brazil
Authors: Back Álvaro José , Back Luísa
Published: June 2022

The study of the frequency of intense rainfall is important for agricultural and environmental planning and the dimensioning of drainage works. This study aimed to characterize and determine the relationships of intensity, duration, and frequency of long-term rainfall in São Martinho, Santa Catarina. The series of annual maximums lasting from one to ten days, observed in the period from 1977 to 2020, were determined. The probability distributions Gumbel, GEV, Log-Normal with two parameters, Log-Normal with three parameters, Pearson type III, and Log-Pearson Type III were evaluated. The parameters were estimated by the method of moments, maximum likelihood method, method of L-Moments, and for the Gumbel distribution, the Chow method was used. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Anderson-Darling, and Filliben fitting tests were used, and for the selection of the distribution, the standard error of the estimate was also used. The Log-Normal distribution with three parameters was selected for series lasting one, five and six days. The Pearson III distribution was selected for a duration of three and four days and the GEV distribution for the other five series. The adjusted IDF equation allows the estimation of rainfall intensity with duration from24 hours to 240 hours and a return period ranging from 2 to 100 years.
Amplified spontaneous emission increased by waveguiding in thin-rod active elements
Authors: Emelyanov Nikolay , Kuznetsov Ivan
Published: June 2022

The effect of amplified spontaneous emission in Yb:YAG thin-rod active elements under end diode pumping was studied numerically and experimentally with allowance for its waveguide propagation. It was shown that the waveguide propagation increases the effect significantly and notably influences gain and stored energy in this geometry. The influence of active element parameters and boundary conditions is analyzed.
Detection method and instrument of interfacial debonding inside a thermal barrier coating based on fluorescence imaging
Authors: Wang Zong , Zhang Yanheng , Guo Jinli , Zhang Shijie , Qiu Wei
Published: June 2022

The interfacial delamination or debonding induced by local stress concentration is one of the kernel factors leading to spalling failure of thermal barrier coatings (TBC). In this work, for the rapid and accurate characterization of the interface delamination and debonding in TBC, the detection method and instrument were investigated based on fluorescence imaging. First, based on the principle of reflection-enhanced fluorescence, an experimental method was presented to detect interfacial debondings in TBC. A coaxial fluorescence-imaging instrument was established to realize the method above. In addition, an alkaline soluble method (ASM) was presented in this work to prepare prefabricated debondings with different transverse sizes, shapes, and thicknesses, which are basically consistent with the interfacial debondings in an actual TBC structure. Through a series of experiments, this paper verified that, using the proposed method and optical instrument, the resolutions to detect internal debonding are as small as 6 µm in the thickness dimension and less than 0.3 mm in the transverse dimension.
Modeling the hydrodynamic impact on the tool influence function during hemispherical subaperture optical polishing
Authors: Ray Nathan J. , Suratwala Tayyab , Menapace Joseph , Wong Lana , Steele William , Tham Gary , Bauman Brian
Published: June 2022

To fabricate high-precision and accurate optics relative to the optical design surface, a high level of deterministic control of material removal (i.e., the tool influence function, TIF) during subaperture tool polishing is required. In this study, a detailed analysis of the pressure distribution, which is a key component of the TIF, has been performed using finite element analysis to couple together solid mechanics and fluid dynamics. Modeling experimental parameters of recently published work reveals that, when considering tool deformation, which in turn influences the fluid film thickness between the tool and workpiece, the effective pressure profile has a flat-top distribution. This flat-top pressure profile differs from the parabolic pressure distributions predicted by Hertzian mechanics. Moreover, the shear contribution is shown here to be a key contributor to material removal, inducing the removal at the periphery of the contact edge and even outside the generally accepted contact area. Finally, the simulated fluid velocities provide evidence of mixed-mode contact polishing, supporting recent experimental findings that also suggest that onset of hydroplaning contributions lead to material removal drop-off.
Reduction in differential phase noise of distributed acoustic sensing with bidirectional amplifier
Authors: Arioka Takahiro , Nakamura Kentaro
Published: June 2022

We investigate the effect of a bidirectional erbium-doped fiber amplifier on the reduction of the differential phase noise in long-range distributed acoustic sensing by coherent detection. We succeeded in reducing the differential phase noise at the fiber position after the amplifier over a distance of 100 km by adjusting the gain of the bidirectional amplifier considering the amplified spontaneous emission. This will effectively improve the accuracy of strain measurement over long distances.
Yaws in the Philippines: A clinico-seroprevalence study of selected communities in Mindanao
Authors: Dofitas Belen Lardizabal , Kalim Sherjan P. , Toledo Camille B. , Richardus Jan Hendrik
Published: June 2022

Background

Yaws is a chronic, highly contagious skin and bone infection affecting children living in impoverished, remote communities. It is caused by Treponema pallidum subsp. pertenue. We report the prevalence of active yaws among elementary schoolchildren based on clinical and serological criteria in selected municipalities of Southern Philippines.

Methods

From January to March 2017, exploratory cross-sectional surveys and screening of skin diseases were conducted in the Liguasan Marsh area of the provinces Maguindanao, Sultan Kudarat, and Cotabato. We included 9 municipalities and randomly selected one public elementary school per municipality. Members of students’ households and the communities were also examined and treated. Yaws suspects and contacts had blood tests for treponemal and non-treponemal antibodies using Dual Pathway Platform and Treponema pallidum particle agglutination (TPPA) tests.

Results

A total of 2779 children and adults were screened for any skin disease: 2291 students, 393 household members, and 95 community members. Among 210 yaws suspects and contacts, 150 consented to serologic tests. The estimated prevalence of active yaws among schoolchildren screened was 1 out of 2291 (0.04%). Among 2532 children who were 14 years old and younger, 4 (0.2%) had active yaws. Eight adult household contacts and community members had latent yaws and 2 had past yaws. Five out of 9 municipalities were endemic for yaws.

Conclusions

This study confirmed that the Philippines is endemic for yaws but at a low level in the schools surveyed. This is an under-estimation due to the limited sampling. The lack of proper disease surveillance after the eradication campaign in the 1960’s has made yaws a forgotten disease and has led to its resurgence. Yaws surveillance is needed to determine the extent of yaws in the Philippines and to help develop a strategy to eradicate yaws by 2030.
The relationship between voting restrictions and COVID-19 case and mortality rates between US counties
Authors: Pabayo Roman , Grinshteyn Erin , Steele Brian , Cook Daniel M. , Muennig Peter , Liu Sze Yan
Published: June 2022

Background

Since the 2010 election, the number of laws in the U.S. that create barriers to voting has increased dramatically. These laws may have spillover effects on population health by creating a disconnect between voter preferences and political representation, thereby limiting protective public health policies and funding. We examine whether voting restrictions are associated with county-level COVID-19 case and mortality rates.

Methods

To obtain information on restricted access to voting, we used the Cost of Voting Index (COVI), a state-level measure of barriers to voting during a U.S. election from 1996 to 2016. COVID-19 case and mortality rates were obtained from the New York Times’ GitHub database (a compilation from multiple academic sources). Multilevel modeling was used to determine whether restrictive voting laws were associated with county-level COVID-19 case and mortality rates after controlling for county-level characteristics from the County Health Rankings. We tested whether associations were heterogeneous across racial and socioeconomic groups.

Results

A significant association was observed between increasing voting restrictions and COVID-19 case (ß = 580.5, 95% CI = 3.9, 1157.2) and mortality rates (ß = 16.5, 95% CI = 0.33,32.6) when confounders were included.

Conclusions

Restrictive voting laws were associated with higher COVID-19 case and mortality rates.
Efficacy of cochlear implants in children with borderline hearing who have already achieved significant language development with hearing aids
Authors: Kim Young Seok , Kim Yehree , Lee Seung Jae , Han Jin Hee , Yi Nayoung , Yoo Hyo Soon , Carandang Marge , Lee Sang-Yeon , Kim Bong Jik , Choi Byung Yoon
Published: June 2022

There are still debates about timing and effectiveness of cochlear implants (CI) in pediatric subjects with significant residual hearing who do not belong to traditional indication of CI. In this study, we aimed to investigate the outcomes of CI, specifically on improvement of pronunciation, among hearing-impaired children already with a substantial degree of language skills as evaluated by Categories of Auditory Perception (CAP) scores or sentence score. Our cohort comprised pediatric CI recipients from July 2018 through October 2020. Among them, cases with CAP scores of 5 or 6 preoperatively were defined as “borderline cases”. We investigated prevalence and etiologies, and compared speech evaluation data preoperatively and postoperatively at three time points (3, 6 and 9–12 months after implantation). Among 86 pediatric CI recipients, 13 subjects (15.12%) had language development that reached CAP scores of 5 or 6 before implantation. Postoperative speech evaluation data 6 months after implantation revealed significant improvement of pronunciation (Urimal Test of Articulation and Phonation scores: UTAP), Infant-Toddler Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale (IT-MAIS) and word perception scores, but not of CAP and sentence perception scores. Notably, the significant improvement of pronunciation based on UTAP scores outstripped that of other speech parameters and this continued steadily up to one-year postoperatively. The result of the study serves as evidence for what to expect from cochlear implantation in hearing-impaired children who have already achieved a substantial degree of language development in terms of CAP scores or sentence perception scores, preoperatively.
Ostrich eggshell beads from Ga-Mohana Hill North Rockshelter, southern Kalahari, and the implications for understanding social networks during Marine Isotope Stage 2
Authors: Hatton Amy , Collins Benjamin , Schoville Benjamin J. , Wilkins Jayne
Published: June 2022

Ostrich eggshell (OES) beads from southern African archaeological contexts shed light on past traditions of personal ornamentation, and they are also argued to provide a proxy for understanding past social networks. However, OES beads are often understudied and not reported on in detail. In particular, there has been little research on OES bead variation during Marine Isotope Stage 2 (29,000–12,000 years ago) which includes the Last Glacial Maximum when changing climatic conditions are hypothesized to have significant impact on forager social networks. Here, we present the first technological analysis of terminal Pleistocene OES beads and fragments in the Kalahari from the ~15 ka levels at Ga-Mohana Hill North Rockshelter. We contextualise these findings through comparison with coeval OES bead assemblages across southern Africa during MIS 2. Results indicate that OES beads were manufactured at Ga-Mohana Hill North during the terminal Pleistocene occupation, based on the presence of most stages of bead manufacture. The review shows that OES beads were present across southern Africa through MIS 2, suggesting that culturing of the body was an embodied and persistent practice during that time. While the importance of OES beads as decorative objects was shared by populations across southern Africa, variation in bead diameters indicate that there was stylistic variation.
Understanding the Effect Of a Calorie-restricted Diet And Exercise on Self-image And Quality of Life In Midlife Women
Authors: Yoo Jeong-Ju , Peterson Matthew , Heileson Jeffrey L. , Funderburk LesLee
Published: June 2022

The goal of the study was to identify the effect of a calorie-restricted diet combined with exercise on self-classified weight, body satisfaction, and quality of life enjoyment and satisfaction (Q-LES). Thirty-four participants reported data prior to and after a 12-week intervention
program. The participants were women, with an average age of 51.53 years (ranging from 40–64 years old), with 50% being overweight and 50% obese. The intervention showed a positive effect on participants' selfclassified weight, body satisfaction, and Q-LES. Calorie-restricted intake
plus exercise should be a recommended lifestyle choice for this targeted group of women.
Lake Water Footprint Determination Using Linear Clustering-based Algorithm and Lake Water Changes in the Tibetan Plateau from 2002 to 2020
Authors: Qiao Gang , Li Hongwei
Published: June 2022

Satellite altimetry is an effective technique for monitoring water level changes in inland lakes in remote areas, such as the Tibetan Plateau. Lake water footprint (LWF) determination from tracks of satellite altimetry data is a preliminary step for generating lake water level sequences. However, the traditional method of LWF determination using accurate lake boundaries extracted from remote sensing images is laborious, and the images do not always exist. Another method dedicated to a single satellite altimeter sensor, i.e., physical parameter-based algorithm has been designed, but this method sometimes fails when data are influenced by surroundings such as wetlands or glaciers. To overcome these problems, we present a novel linear clustering-based approach for LWF determination to generate a time series of lake water levels by using multi-mission satellite altimetry data sets over typical lakes of the Tibetan Plateau. Our method projects all footprints onto two matrices. This approach is then illustrated using Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite, Environmental Satellite, and CryoSat-2 altimetry data sets for four typical lakes in the Tibetan Plateau. Among all the methods, our method performs best in terms of accuracy. Finally, the time series lake water levels of 179 lakes in the Tibetan Plateau were extracted using our method. The results indicate that from 2002 to 2020, the average water level of most lakes increased by 0.167 ± 0.155 m/a, whereas a decreasing trend of 0.066 ± 0.047 m/a was observed in the Yarlung Zangbo river basin. The different precipitation conditions in the inner basin and the Yarlung Zangbo river basin are suggested to be the major reasons for the opposite trends. The proposed method performs well for Tibetan lakes with planar water stages and small seasonal fluctuations but is not applicable for lakes with other conditions, which requires further study.
Classifying and Georeferencing Indoor Point Clouds With ArcGIS
Authors: Parent Jason R. , Witharana Chandi , Bradley Michael
Published: June 2022

This study aimed to develop and apply a manual procedure for clas-sifying and georeferencing indoor point clouds that we created using Paracosm's PX-80 handheld three-dimensional laser scanner. We collected data for 11 buildings in Connecticut, USA and focused on classifying features-of-interest
to public safety personnel (i.e., doors, windows, fire alarms, etc.). ArcGIS Desktop was used to manually digitize features that were easily identified in the point cloud and Paracosm's Retrace was used to digitize small features for which imag-ery was needed for identification. We developed
several tools in Python to facilitate point cloud classification and georeferencing. The procedure allowed accurate mapping of features as small as a sprinkler head. Point cloud classification and georeferencing for a 14 000 m2 building took 20–40 hours, depending on building characteristics
and the types of features mapped. The methods can be applied in map-ping a wide variety of features in indoor or outdoor environments.
Influence of Nutrient Supplement in the Single Heavy Metal (Pb2+, Cd2+, Cr3+) Uptake and Mineral Nutrients Absorption by Water Kangkong (Ipomoea aquatica forsk)
Authors: De Luna Marjorie Salvador , Navarrete Ian Auza , Adornado Adonis Pasia , Tayo Lemmuel Lara , Soriano Allan Nana , Castillo Rubi Rugi Vicente Del
Published: June 2022

The heavy metal contamination in the food crop has posed global concern due to its harmful effects on both humans and animals. Hence, its uptake and bioaccumulation study are in utmost importance. The present study investigated the effects of Cd2+, Pb2+, and Cr3+ stress on mineral contents (K+, Na+, Ca2+, P, Mg2+, Fe2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, and Mn2+) in the different parts of water kangkong (Ipomoea aquatica forsk) by point analysis method. Water kangkong cuttings were grown in tap water supplemented with a very small amount of NPK fertilizer and treated with Pb (NO3)2, Cd (NO3)2∙4H2O, and K2Cr2O7 under two soaking solutions – hydroponics solution and tap water solution. Results revealed that Pb2+, Cd2+, and Cr3+ alter the mineral nutrient absorption of kangkong. Particularly, the approximate concentrations of most mineral ions (K+, Ca+, Fe2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, and Mn2+) in the leaves and stems were reduced by Pb2+, Cd2+, and Cr3+ exposure, thus making kangkong deficient in nutrients when consumed as food. It was also observed that these heavy metals caused a disturbance in K/Ca and K/Na ratios, which could greatly impact water balance. Data also suggest that nutrient optimization may help kangkong to develop tolerance to Cd2+, Pb2+, and Cr3+ and can be a good strategy to alleviate the accumulation of heavy metals by kangkong. The results also indicate that the translocation of ions of Pb, Cd, and Cr from roots to shoots behave differently in the presence of nutrients.
Jael’s syndrome: knife blade impacted in the facial skeleton: an illustrated case report and a review of literature
Authors: Massaad Jean , Olszewski Raphael
Published: June 2022

Objective: This article focuses on the penetrating trauma of the facial mass caused by the knife with retention of the blade fractured in the facial skeleton.

Case report: We describe preoperative, intra-operative and post-operative outcomes of the knife stabbing in the face, and of the surgical removal of the broken 8cm long blade using two dimensional, and tridimensional computed tomography, and clinical iconography

Conclusions: We provide the readership with a broader perspective on iatrogenic facial trauma caused by blades with examples from history of medicine, with biomechanical focus, as well as a review of literature on the management, and on the surgical treatment outcomes of such infrequent emergency in maxillofacial surgery.
Editorial
Authors: Mizuno Haydar Jorge
Published: June 2022

La educación en Colombia parece atravesar un momento crucial en su historia. Quizás, por primera vez, un presidente destaca en su discurso de posesión la importancia no solo de la cobertura sino de la calidad de la educación, así como también del papel tan relevante que juegan los educadores en el desarrollo del país. Este reconocimiento para una profesión que ha sido tildada como de tercera clase y por ello menospreciada en la sociedad, probablemente se deba a los procesos de crecimiento que han seguido los docentes de nuestro país en las últimas décadas, profesionalizándose, realizando cursos de postgrado (especializaciones, maestrías y doctorados) y, sobre todo, convirtiéndose en investigadores de sus propias prácticas, con lo que se ha logrado establecer discusiones sustentadas en evidencias acerca de la calidad de la educación que se está impartiendo en las aulas. En este proceso, las revistas académicas han ocupado un lugar preponderante, pues en ellas los docentes colombianos y de otros países han encontrado el medio para informar de sus investigaciones y reflexionar sobre el quehacer pedagógico.
The Green Consumption Assistant
Authors: Gossen Maike , Jankowski Patricia
Published: June 2022

E-commerce is here to stay. And it has become very successfulin driving unsustainable behaviors such as overconsumption. How could the same technology be used to guide consumers towards sustainable product choices?
Der European Green Deal und seine Perspektiven
Authors: Präg Elke , Wolperdinger Markus
Published: June 2022

In Wissenschaft, Wirtschaft, Politik und Gesellschaft besteht weitgehend Konsens über die Notwendigkeit, unser kollektives Handeln zeitnah und konsequent auf den Schutz und den Erhalt unserer Lebensgrundlagen auszurichten. Wie kann eine Transformation im Sinne des Europäischen Green Deal erreicht werden und wie können technologische Lösungen dazu beitragen?
Wachstum und Postwachstum: Ein Blick zurück und nach vorne
Authors: Petschow Ulrich , Hofmann David
Published: June 2022

Einführung in den Schwerpunkt
Der Klimastress als spätes Erbe der 1950er Jahre
Authors: Pfister Christian
Published: June 2022

Maßnahmen zum Klimaschutz basieren auf einer Einschätzung zu den Ursachen des Klimawandels. Ein historischer Blick auf Energienutzung und klimawirksames Wirtschaften kann die aktuelle Diskussion bereichern.
Degrowth feministisch gedacht
Authors: Dengler Corinna
Published: June 2022

Die Analyse von Wachstum und die Kritik an den zugrunde liegenden Mechanismen sind ein Ausgangspunkt für den Diskurs zu planetaren Grenzen. Inwiefern spielen feministische Perspektiven in der Wachstumskritik und im Postwachstum eine Rolle?
Grenzen des Wachstums: ein Blick zurück und nach vorne
Authors: Petschow Ulrich , Kern Florian , Hofmann David
Published: June 2022

Die Veröffentlichung des Berichts „Grenzen des Wachstums“ im Jahre 1972 war ein globales mediales Ereignis und löste weitreichende Kontroversen aus. Viele der damaligen Fragen sind bis heute unbeantwortet. Der Artikel beleuchtet die historischen Kontexte und zieht Schlussfolgerungen für die Zukunft.
Phytoremediation Dynamic Models of Radionuclides 134Cs and 60Co in Sunflowers Plants (Helianthus annuus. L) Using Matlab
Authors: Alfajrin Achmad Chalid Afif , Hadiyanto H.
Published: June 2022

In the development of phytoremediation this method can be simulated quite concisely and precisely. Simulations are carried out to predict plant behavior towards several different treatments, for example plant species, also types and concentrations of contaminants. In this study a dynamic model of phytoremediation has been made using sunflower plants and 134Cs and 60Co radionuclides. This study was developed by mimicking the interaction of soil and plants to be simulated into Phytoremediation Dynamic Model (PDM). Diverse mathematical algorithms implemented to characterize phytoremediation, systems such as differential equation, statistical correlation, and dynamic system approach. The error value obtained is different for each contaminant for each variation in concentration, which ranges from 0,0006-0,6349 for 134Cs contaminants and 0,0089-0,4157 for 60Co contaminants. The error value is quite small, and the overall simulation data has approached the experimental data. Factors that influence the results of calculated data include saturation point values, as well as the absorption rate of each part of the plant obtained from calculations and estimates. This model has proven to be able to mimic plant responses to contaminants
Comparison of the Body Mass Index (BMI) and the Perception of Body Image in Adolescents from a Conurbation Municipality of Yucatán
Authors: Peña Dra.Yolanda Oliva
Published: June 2022

- Adolescence is a time of important changes at all levels, and a vital stage for health prevention. The objective of the work is to analyze the concordance between the BMI and the perception of body image in students of a suburban community. Materials and methods. Quantitative, observational, cross-sectional study carried out on 120 students, 52.5% men and 47.5% women, aged between 12 and 16 years, from a suburban town in the City of Mérida. Self-administered questionnaire with the Stunkard pictogram, to record the perception of body image. To calculate the body mass index (BMI), anthropometric measurements of weight and height were recorded, updated at the school. Results. The findings, regarding the perception of body image, showed a non-significant discrepancy (k= -.007, p= .876); in women it was insignificant and not significant (k= .051, p= .434); As for men, non-significant discrepancy was observed (k= -.056, p= .332). Conclusions. When performing the Kappa analysis in a general way, no significant agreement was found in the sample. When analyzing by sex, only insignificant (poor) concordance and no statistical significance were found in women.Palabras clave: Índice de masa corporal, Imagen corporal, Adolescencia, Yucatán.
Economic development of regions during reforming the constitutional and legal model of power delineation in Russian Federation
Authors: Channov Sergey E. , Lipatov Eduard G. , Berlizov Mikhail P. , Bolotov Yakov A. , Novikova Alevtina E.
Published: June 2022

According to the Russian Federation Constitution, all constituent entities have equal rights. However, equal rights are not synonymous with equality. Equal rights mean legal equality only; in other meanings, they differ significantly from each other. However, if the territorial, demographic and some other differences of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation are the result of objective reasons, and in general do not affect the quality of life of the Russians living there, then the economic differences have more serious consequences. The article makes and attempt to examine the possibilities of economic independence increase in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The authors state that the currently existing model of power delimitation is based on the consolidation of the main powers of the federal authorities, while the constituent entities of the Russian Federation are mainly entrusted with financially-intensive powers, which are not always provided with the necessary resources. This matter allows the federal center to accumulate significant financial resources with their subsequent distribution across regions, often in accordance with subjective and non-transparent criteria. In addition, the authors propose the measures to change this situation, in particular, an assessment of power implementation effectiveness at a specific level of power; the ensured provision of the constituent entity powers of the Russian Federation with the necessary resources; use of the system of minimum state social standards.