bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants native to the mountains of Jazan, southwestern Saudi Arabia
Authors: Remesh M. , Al Faify Eisa A. , Alfaifi Mohammed M. , Al Abboud Mohamed A. , Ismail Khatib Sayeed , Al-Namazi Ali A. , Masrahi Yahya S.
Published: September 2023

This exclusive study focuses on the medicinal plants indigenous to the mountains of South Western Saudi Arabia, resulting in the documentation of 83 vascular plant species belonging to 69 genera and 33 families. Among these, 34 plants are noted for their previously unrecorded medicinal properties, including the documentation of new medicinal plants such as Pyrostria phyllanthoidea and Chenopodium fasciculosum. Fabaceae emerges as the dominant family, with 11 medicinal plant species, followed by Apocynaceae, Asteraceae, Acanthaceae, Euphorbiaceae, and Moraceae. The most abundant genus is Vachellia, represented by 4 species, followed by Euphorbia, Ficus, Indigofera, Aloe, Capparis, Cissus, Commiphora, and Ziziphus. The medicinal plants encompass various growth forms, with shrubs being the most commonly observed, followed by herbs, trees, and climbers. Leaves are the most frequently used plant part for medicinal preparations, followed by stems, roots, latex, bark, and fruits. The preparations primarily involve making a paste, followed by raw use, infusion, and decoction. Diverse routes of administration are noticed, including topical, oral, toothbrush, nasal, and optical applications. Among the species surveyed, Salvadora persica stands out as the most useful, with a significant use value of 1.9. The informant consensus factor (FIC) analysis highlights 48 use reports for treating cuts and wounds. Furthermore, 42 species exhibit 100% fidelity, indicating a high preference among informants for their effectiveness in treating specific ailments. To safeguard and preserve this traditional knowledge for future generations, further scientific documentation, along with phytochemical and pharmacological studies, is essential. This study underscores the importance of conserving the rich ethnobotanical heritage of medicinal plants in the region and encourages further exploration of their potential therapeutic benefits.
EXPLORING THE NEXUS OF NATURE-INTERACTION AND HUMAN NEEDS MATURITY
Authors: Abu Bakar Aisyah
Published: September 2023

This paper empirically explored the relationship between Interaction with Nature [IN] with three concepts, namely under Human Interdependence [HI], Subjective Well-being [SWB], and Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs [HON]. Research Questions: Does the fulfilment of human needs elevate IN? Is it possible for IN to increase despite unfulfilled needs, and if so, which human needs have a trivial impact on IN? Purpose: This paper aimed to examine the variations of IN in relation to the difficulty and convenience of fulfilling human needs. Approach: Mann-Whitney U Test was conducted to determine the mean variation of IN across the difficulty and convenience of fulfilling 24 human needs. Findings: The convenience with which 10 of the human needs could be met significantly increased IN. Meanwhile, IN did not differ significantly across the convenience and difficulty of meeting the other 12 human needs, signifying their unlikeliness to influence IN. Furthermore, an intriguing statistical result was observed where fulfilling five of the human needs and fostering IN developed along independent trajectories. Additionally, the difficulties in meeting two of the human needs, namely (i) clean water and (ii) artistic and cultural freedom, significantly elevated nature-interaction.
EXAMINING GREEN ATTRIBUTE PREFERENCES IN RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS: A STUDY IN KANO, NIGERIA
Authors: Ab Majid Rohayu , Said Rosli , Barau Idris Salisu
Published: September 2023

Green building (GB) encompasses a holistic range of environmentally, socially, and economically conscious features addressing sustainability within building design, including energy efficiency, technological innovations, and materials recycling. Within the realm of housing, these integral green attributes synergistically contribute to the creation of living spaces that are not only environmentally friendly but also energy-efficient, health-enhancing, and comfortable. This comprehensive study investigates the paramount aspect of green building through the perspectives of both the general public and experts, assessing their acceptance and support for green building practices in Nigeria, a strategic choice due to its pivotal role within the Green Building Council in Africa, representing one of seven nations. Employing Factor Analysis and the Relative Importance Index, our rigorous analysis scrutinizes residential developments to pinpoint the most influential green building attribute. Our extensive questionnaire, distributed within the bustling metropolis of Kano, Nigeria, selected for its substantial population size in northern Nigeria and its status as the country's second most populous state, unveils a compelling revelation: social attributes wield the most profound influence over the successful implementation of green building practices, emphasizing their central role in sustainable development initiatives.
Insulin resistance profile as an indicator for Incidence of thyroid cancer
Authors: eda Hussein Ali, R , ameel Thamer Sanaa J , Kasim Suker Dhamia , Hameed Abbood Majid , Al-Tuma Rafid R. , Al-Mansouri Loma
Published: September 2023

Thyroid nodules are commonly prevalent in human populations and have global concerns due to the high raped increase during the last decades. Some of them have malignant potential and cause life-threatening. The prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 104 persons with thyroid nodules (25 with thyroid cancer and 79 samples were benign lesions) in Basrah, Iraq, from November 2019 to April 2022. To investigate the association of insulin resistance, Glucose, insulin hormone and obesity on thyroid cancer, Results: the thyroid cancer samples have higher serum levels of metabolic parameters, insulin hormone, Glucose, and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) than benign samples, the male samples have a significant difference in HOMA-IR than females in all samples (malignant and benign samples), No substantial difference has been observed in BMI between thyroid cancer and harmless subjects; Conclusions: the serum metabolic parameters, insulin hormone, Glucose, and HOMA-IR play a vital role in future as an indicator for the diagnosis of thyroid cancer (papillary carcinoma) due to their increased levels in thyroid cancer samples than benign samples, no clear association between obesity and thyroid cancer incidence. Keywords: Metabolic parameters; Insulin resistance; Glucose; Insulin hormone; Thyroid cancer; Homa -IR
A Neuro-Influence Experiment to Evaluate the Persuasiveness of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Promotion Messages Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Yang Cui , Reyes Dominick , Henry Marcus , Walker Lonnie , Moran Meghan , Mathews Allison , Page Kathleen , Latkin Carl , Tucker Joseph D , McCulloh Ian
Published: September 2023

Background

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is recommended by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, but behavioral factors limit uptake, especially among men who have sex with men. A better understanding of how humans cognitively process information may inform health message development to promote PrEP uptake.

Objective

This paper is informed by the neuroscience of persuasion and influence and describes the protocol of a neuro-influence experiment using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to evaluate the persuasiveness of PrEP promotion messages among men who have sex with men in Baltimore, Maryland.

Methods

We will conduct a randomized controlled trial using fNIRS to measure brain activation among 60 participants viewing PrEP promotion messages either developed through a crowdsourcing open contest implemented by the study team or developed with a traditional social marketing approach. We will evaluate the effectiveness of PrEP promotion messages by assessing brain activation in the regions associated with persuasion and changes in PrEP willingness, behavioral intention, initiation, and action between the 2 groups.

Results

This study is funded by the National Institutes of Health (National Institute of Mental Health: R34MH116725). Participant recruitment and data collection were completed in October 2023. The first results are expected to be submitted for publication in 2024.

Conclusions

In addition to providing insight into the effectiveness of PrEP promotion messages, this study will examine the feasibility, acceptability, and utility of neuroimaging techniques to evaluate PrEP promotion messages for high-risk men who have sex with men. The findings can also demonstrate the utility of fNIRS as a tool for preproduct testing of health campaigns and enable the public health community to deliver more effective messages to improve health outcomes.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/52546
Effectiveness of Mobile Applications in Improving Medication Adherence among Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: A Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Paneerselvam Ganesh Sritheran , Lin Lua Pei , Chooi Wen Han , Rehman Inayat Ur , Goh Khang Wen , Chiau Ming Long
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious condition affecting millions of individuals worldwide. Adherence to medication regimens among CKD patients is often suboptimal, leading to poor health outcomes. In recent years, mobile applications have gained popularity as a promising tool to improve medication adherence and self-management in various chronic diseases.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of mobile applications to improve medication adherence among CKD patients (including end-stage and renal replacement therapy).

METHODS

A systematic search was conducted using Scopus, Cochrane, PubMed and EBSCOhost to include eligible articles that studied mobile applications to improve medication adherence among CKD patients. The quality of the selected studies was evaluated using the Newcastle‒Ottawa Scale (NOS).

RESULTS

Out of 231 relevant articles, only 9 studies were selected for this systematic review. Based on the NOS, seven were deemed to be of high quality, while others were of fair quality. Most of the included studies had a randomized controlled design. Of the nine selected studies, 3 papers represented medication adherence by a coefficient of 10 variability of tacrolimus, 3 papers utilized adherence measurement scales to calculate the score for assessing medication adherence, 2 papers represented medication adherence by self-reporting, 2 papers represented medication adherence using electronic monitoring, and 1 represented medication adherence by pill count. The mobile applications were identified as Transplant Hero®, Perx, SMASK, Adhere4U, My Dialysis, Kidney Love, and iCKD. Of these apps, three focused on evaluating Transplant Hero®, while the remaining investigated each of the other mentioned apps individually. The apps employed various strategies to promote medication adherence, including reminders, gamification, patient education, and medication monitoring. A majority, 5 out of 9 mobile applications, had a statistically significant (p<0.05) effect on medication adherence. There was strong evidence for a positive effect for interventions focusing on games and reminders combined with electronic medication tray monitoring and patient education.

CONCLUSIONS

Mobile application effectively improved medication adherence in CKD patients, but low evidence and short intervention duration warrant caution. Future research should identify ideal features, provider costs, and user-friendly, secure apps.
A No-Idle Flow Shop Scheduling using Fire Hawk Optimizer to Minimize Energy Consumption
Authors: Wati Devisa Restiana , Amallynda Ikhlasul
Published: September 2023

The current energy crisis is a pressing global challenge, with the industrial sector accounting for half of global energy consumption. Scheduling is considered one of the potential methods to reduce energy consumption. This article introduces the Fire Hawk Optimizer (FHO) algorithm to solve the no-idle flow shop scheduling problem to minimize overall energy consumption. FHO organizes the job sequence in no-idle flow shop scheduling for reduce energy consumption. This research investigates the use of different machine speed levels, namely slow, fast, and normal, based on case data of manufacturing industries in Indonesia. The results of this study compare the performance of the FHO algorithm with the Adaptive Integrated Greedy (AIG) heuristic method and compare it with the Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) algorithm. The experimental results showed that total energy consumption tends to be high when processed at high speed. Conversely, low-speed results in lower energy consumption but requires longer processing time. The comparison results show that the Fire Hawk Optimizer is more efficient in reducing total energy consumption than the AIG heuristic method. Meanwhile, the FHO algorithm performs comparably to the GWO algorithm and completes enumeration. These findings confirm that the proposed procedure can be an alternative to the scheduling optimization process.
Bibliotēka un personība. Fragmentu bibliotēkas
Authors: Auzāne Anna , Bičevskis Raivis , Dreimane Jana , Garda Ilze , Gediņa Linda , Kivle Ineta , Kocere Venta , Kūlis Rihards , Līsmane Inta , Paškeviča Beata , Šulca Daina , Vēvere Velga ,   LU Akadēmiskā bibliotēka,   LU Akadēmiskās bibliotēkas Starpnozaru pētniecības centrs
Published: September 2023

Rakstu krājums “Bibliotēka un personība. Fragmentu bibliotēkas” ir trešais izdevums grāmatu sērijā phronesis (gudrība), praxis (darbība), paideia (izglītība), kuru, balstoties uz ikgadējiem Latvijas Universitātes starptautisko zinātnisko konferenču sēžu materiāliem, publicēšanai gatavo LU Akadēmiskās bibliotēkas Starpnozaru pētniecības centrs. Krājuma pirmajā daļā publicēti pētījumi, kuri nolasīti 2021. gada 7. oktobra konferencē “Bibliotēka un personība”, otrajā daļā ‒ pētījumi, par kuriem runāts 2022. gada 17. maija konferencē “Fragmentu pasaule”. Rakstu krājumi pēc savas uzbūves ir līdzīgi bibliotēkām: tāpat kā bibliotēkas plauktā rindojas grāmatas, tā rakstu krājumā teksti – cits aiz cita. Tie katrs ir pašpietiekama vienība, kas kopā veido veselumu, un ik raksts ir daļa (fragments) krājumā. Katrs raksts ir atšķirīgs gan pēc stila un formas, gan teorētiskās pieejas, bet tie visi ir kāda veseluma daļa. Šajā grāmatā autori uz personību, fragmentu un bibliotēku galvenokārt skatās Eiropas un pasaules kontekstā, mēģinot vienot grāmatniecību, lasīšanu, fragmentus un bibliotēkas ar filosofiju, kultūras vēsturi un cilvēka izpratni vairāku gadsimtu griezumā.
Dzīves fragments bibliotēkā: personības un fragmentu stīgojums
Authors:   LU Akadēmiskā bibliotēka, Kivle Ineta
Published: September 2023

he introductory article of the book examines the personalities of libraries, the insights of the philosophy of personalism and the philosophical understanding of a fragment, trying to connect three concepts: personality, library, fragment. Personality is an individuality that is always in constant internal change. At the beginning of the 20th century, the philosophers of personalism were connected by the principle of the action of substances and the active, and self-sufficient and willing beginning of man. The first Latvian academic philosopher Jēkabs Osis was influenced by the philosophy of Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. A personality, like a monad, is a living, functioning being that imagines itself, as well as the universe and the world from its own point of view. The views of Emmanuel Mounier, the founder of French personalism, were also influenced by Leibniz’s philosophy. Mounier developed ‘integral personalism’, which combines the three values of personality: being, thinking and acting. These characteristics also refer to library personalities in the world and in Latvia. In opposition to philosophy of personalism, French postmodern philosophers (Jean Baudrillard, Gilles Deleuze, Roland Barthes) write about the structural man. A structural human divides reality into fragments and then puts them back together, but when the fragments are put back together, a completely different object is formed than it was originally. A new reality is a modelled reality in which the human sometimes even remains in the status of a fragment. A fragment is a part of a whole, and it can be an article in a volume, a book on a library shelf, and even a person’s life in the world scene.
Filozofa bibliotēka – no Artemīdas tempļa līdz internetam
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Bičevskis Raivis
Published: September 2023

Being on the library premises, we are in a place of very old ideas and practices. The existence of libraries in human history dates back thousands of years, and many elements in modern libraries – despite innovations and techniques – are the same as in ancient times. However, the background of this ancient and venerable past cannot completely obscure the fact that the appearance of libraries of the ancient past, such as the Library of Alexandria or the Library of Pergamum, took place as seen by many contemporaries and later commentators. Where the library appears, the most important thing has already happened. The library is an attempt to deal with what happened, to explain it, to gather evidence of it. A library is a kind of therapeutic practice, the instruments of which are books, the qualitative collection of the collection and the interpretation spectrum of books. The teachers of the Alexandria school, who gathered in the walls of the Alexandria Museum (the Temple of the Muse) and in the aisles of the Great and Small Libraries, were, in this perspective, only the heirs of the great beginnings who stood on the shoulders of the giants. However, the library as a cultural practice can be relativized even more: the library as a form of cultural memory, in which it is preserved and passed on, is one of the most fragile form of human history against the background of Earth’s history, even if it is stretched to the era of the ancient Sumerian cities, is a short time lag. Philosophers’ libraries – home libraries, sometimes chaotic, sometimes carefully selected, work libraries for one particular stage, lost and donated libraries, valuable libraries and rarely used libraries – these are and will remain the libraries against the backdrop of the Earth’s Library – this library is the swamps, forests and deserts of the Earth, which holds evidence from Earth’s history; without this background, the philosopher is not a philosopher, and only then does what is read and read in human libraries gain the necessary proportions, acquiring the proper weight. Without the presence of the Earth’s Library, human libraries become a self-referential carnival, the enchanted infinite library of Borges’s Babel, from which the aisle mirrors reflecting an infinite number of shelves cannot be removed. And yet – there are those who are taught by libraries, can get to the Library of the Earth, get to the beginning, come to a word that is worth expressing and that is worth preserving for some relative period of time.
Gustavs Šaurums – mācītājs, bibliotekārs, bibliofils
Authors:   Latvijas Nacionālā bibliotēka, Dreimane Jana
Published: September 2023

The article is dedicated to one of the most prominent and versatile personalities of the library sector in Latvia – the pastor and bibliophile Gustavs Šaurums (1883–1952). From 1934 to 1938, he managed the Riga City Library, the oldest library in Latvia (today – part of the Academic Library of the University of Latvia), during which time he started the identification and bibliography of Latvian ancient printed works stored at the foreign libraries. As a pastor of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Latvia (for 38 years, from 1914 to 1952), he was also the editor of several religious press publications, an active researcher and populariser of Latvian religious and cultural history. In 1914, his first book “Iekšējā misija” (“Inner Mission”), was published in Riga, in which he explained the inner mission as voluntary Christian charity and education work to various groups of society and emphasized its importance in strengthening the church and Christian faith. Being the pastor of the Umurga and Ārciems parishes from 1920 to 1934, he also started publishing himself: he compiled and published not only parish calendars and reports, but also his own books (nine in total). The most notable among them is Šaurums’s monograph “Tērbatas Universitāte, 1632–1932” (University of Dorpat, 1632–1932), as it contains the first comprehensive overview of the university’s history over three hundred years. In 1933, Šaurums also begun the compilation, publication and distribution of the religious literature series “Rakstu Avots” (“Source of Writings”) in order to limit the spread of “harmful”, valueless literature. The series was financed by annual payments from subscribers, which ensured the publication of 12 small print works (books or pictures) per year. Although the series did not gain as much popularity as hoped, it nevertheless was a visible and stable segment in the literature of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Latvia. Šaurums continued his work as a pastor even during the years of Soviet and Nazi occupation. The study shows that his attitude towards non-democratic political regimes was conformist: loyalty was shown, apparently with the hope that it would provide better conditions for the church’s survival in difficult times. Šaurums’s private library is considered particularly valuable, – he collected Latvian and Baltic German literature from his early youth, paying particular attention to obtaining periodicals. According to the testimonies of contemporaries, Šaurums’s library contained more than 20,000 books, calendars, sets of magazines and newspapers. After the owner’s demise, they ended up in the collections of the National Library of Latvia and the Academic Library of the University of Latvia.
Filozofe un literāte iekšējā trimdā: ieskats Ženijas Sūnas-Peņģerotes dienasgrāmatas lappusēs
Authors:   Latvijas Nacionālā bibliotēka, Dreimane Jana
Published: September 2023

The manuscript collection of the National Library of Latvia includes the personal collection of the philosopher, literate and librarian Ženija Sūna-Peņģerote (RXA 236). It contains 96 storage units: mainly plays (one-act plays), essays on notable Latvian and foreign cultural workers, drafts of works, correspondence and one diary written by the philosopher from 1 September 1952 to 26 October 1954. Having given up permanent work in the state institution of Soviet-occupied Latvia, she focused entirely on cultural history research and writing, clearly aware that it would not be possible to publish her works. The living conditions of Ž. Sūna-Peņģerote can be described as “inner exile”, – physically remaining in the homeland, she separated herself from the political, economic, social and cultural transformations taking place there. Analysing Ž. Sūna-Peņģerote’s diary entries, as well as her other documents, an answer is sought to the question – what were the gains and losses of philosopher, choosing the path of an independent writer during the first decade of Soviet occupation in Latvia? Her biography is a small, but bright fragment in a series of Latvian life stories, reflecting the efforts of individuals to preserve personal independence under the conditions of the communist regime.
Ojāra Zandera darba gadi bibliotēkā (1968–2000)
Authors:   LU Akadēmiskā bibliotēka, Kocere Venta
Published: September 2023

Ojārs Zanders commenced his career in the Fundamental Library of the Academy of Sciences of the Latvian SSR, the Latvian Academic Library (LAB, today – the University of Latvia Academic Library) in 1968. It was the initiative of the former head of the Misiņš Library, bibliographer Kārlis Egle, to entrust O. Zanders with the materials collected by the bibliophile Jānis Misiņš and himself. O. Zanders worked as the head of the library’s Department of Manuscripts and Rare Books for 25 years, and his time of work in the library spanned 32 years. The first task was to organize the accumulated and uninventorized materials, to introduce into the collections the manuscripts of the writers who had been exiled to Siberia and whose works were inaccessible to readers for political reasons. The great achievement, which must be particularly acknowledged, is that O. Zanders enriched the library collections with the manuscripts of literary scholar Alfrēds Goba, writer Kārlis Kraujiņš, poet Antons Bārda and other distinctive materials of cultural history. He was overseeing than 30 000 rare, ancient and unique books, starting with manuscript books dating back to the end of the 13th century, incunabula, paleotypes, the first printed works of Riga up to the latest publications. O. Zanders has created numerous exhibitions dedicated to the themes related to the history and culture of publishing, literature, history of sciences; he led tours and presented reports on publishing, Latvian and foreign literature, participated with reports on publishing and culture in Riga at international scientific conferences in Latvia, Germany, Poland, Russia, Estonia and Norway. O. Zanders authored many publications and books. In 2000, his monograph dedicated to Riga’s 800th anniversary “Senās Rīgas grāmatniecība un kultūra Hanzas pilsētu kopsakarā (13.–17. gs.)” –“Book Publishing and Culture of Ancient Riga in Context of the Hanseatic Cities (13th–17th Centuries)” was published, and received the main prize in the book art competition.
“... tikai fragments, kura centrs ir bezgalība”. Romantisma fragmenta filozofija un mūsdienas
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Bičevskis Raivis
Published: September 2023

The fragment as a genre of texts experienced a real boom in the era of Romanticism. The reason for this is the cumulative growth of knowledge, scientific discoveries and the development of philosophy in the age of Enlightenment: although Romanticism programmatically presents itself as an antithesis to the Enlightenment and its criticism, yet Romanticism itself is formed in the new opacity created by the Enlightenment – the diversity and vastness of the world can no longer be grasped by closed and complete mental constructions and systems of philosophy. Along with Romanticism, they are replaced by open systems, the search for new literary and philosophical means of description. Reality itself is an endless process that can only be matched by a “romantic text” – a text that is itself a work in progress, by its very nature multi-layered, containing contradictions and ambiguities, unfinished and reflexive like reality itself. A fragment is a genre of text corresponding to the infinity of reality: therein, the contradiction flashes for a moment as a single, bright thought illuminating the depths of reality, but never fully expressing and reaching them. Simultaneously, the fragment demonstrates the limitation of our cognitive ability, and yet – also its connection with the whole that asserts itself in the fragment and is only present in it for a moment.
Benjamins un Cveigs: grāmatu krāšana kā fragmentu kopojums. Haoss, kolāža, sistēma?
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Auzāne Anna
Published: September 2023

he intention of the current paper is to explore Walter Bendix Schönflies Benjamin’s (1892–1940) essays, especially “Unpacking My Library” (1931), in which the theorist focuses on collections, and Stefan Zweig’s (1881–1942) story “Buchmendel” / “Mendel the Book-Dealer” (1929). W. B. S. Benjamin’s views on bibliophilia, the relationship of the narrative with the fragment and other similar questions linked to the philosophy of literature are as scattered as the rare items collected by the obsessed bookworm he mentions, however, it is possible to compare them with S. Zweig’s vivid story about the bookkeeper and librarian Mendel, who memorizes “every plant, every infusoria and every star in the ever-changing and restless cosmos of the world of books”. Vladimir Nabokov’s (1899–1977) and John Robert Fowles’s (1926–2005) real and symbolic collections of butterflies, Umberto Eco’s (1932–2016) “The Infinity of Lists” and other examples serve as Ariadne’s thread that leads to the main motivation for collecting, which could be the owner’s or heir’s desire, but not solely that. Likewise, collecting can be prompted by apparent or real self-absorption, excitement, and also by old age (although children also tend to collect, of course). The hoarding individual often faces confusion, isolates himself/herself, and gradually becomes lonely. Most often, the psychological portrait of this person is, as follows: an eccentric man for the reasons mentioned above, often a typical bachelor, because he does not need to account to anyone for time and money spent outside the family. You can also notice that he has been collecting stamps, stickers, cards, tickets, different [fruit] labels, pins, magnets, comic books, vinyl records, toys or dolls, coins, rocks, seashells, herbaria (etc.) since childhood. Collecting also perfectly helps to cope with various memories or traumas; it can be compensation for failures in other spheres of life. When a collector passes away, his relatives can keep the collection intact or donate/sell it all. The works of both authors – W. B. S. Benjamin and S. Zweig – and their fragments, viewed through the prism of literature and philosophy, allow us to get to know the world of collectors in German-speaking countries and create the image of a collector as a peculiar person whose fate is “drowning” in his/her books or at least a chance to “grow into them”.
Ārteksti – priekšvārdi kā filosofiski fragmenti: Sērens Kirkegors un Frīdrihs Vilhelms Nīče
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Vēvere Velga
Published: September 2023

The role of prefaces is significant – they introduce a theme of the work, explain authorial intentions, orientate potential readers, or, on the contrary, they do not introduce, rather – confuse and disorientate the prospective readers. In philosophy and literary criticism, the prefaces and their theoretical (or non-theoretical) framework has been tackled by such thinkers as G. W. F. Hegel, S. Kierkegaard, W. F. Nietzsche, G. Genette, and J. Derrida. Although the prefaces in most cases act as a hermeneutical instrument for the text interpretation, there are cases when the prefaces do not relate to the text either thematically, or conceptually, as it can be seen in the S. Kierkegaard’s pseudonymous writings. In this case, a tension between the preface and the text is being created, it makes the reader to re-evaluate his/her reading habits and contemplate his/her personal existential situation in the world and ask questions: Where to start – with the text or the preface? To read the text or the preface alone as an independent fragment that is situated outside the basic narration? G. Genette names that kind of prefaces the paratexts, whereas J. Derrida – the outworks. Moreover – the gap between the preface and the text can create a feeling of an existential shock. However, a special attention has to be paid to prefaces that have been published independently, that is, collections of prefaces without subsequent texts. These texts are uninvolved and unattached philosophical fragments. This article analyses two such collections of free-standing prefaces: S. Kierkegaard’s “Prefaces. Light reading for people in various estates according to time and opportunity” (published under a pseudonym Nicolaus Notabene), and F. W. Nietzsche’s “Five prefaces to unwritten works”. The questions being answered in the article are the following: “Is it possible to view these prefaces just as unrealized authorial plans?” “Do these prefaces, by any chance, illuminate different (fragmented) narrative strategies that enable a fresh look at the respective authors’ works, in general?
No daļas uz veselo, no veselā uz daļu
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Līsmane Inta
Published: September 2023

Medical terminology is the terminology and vocabulary used in the medical science. Not only the formation of the term using various resources and methods, models, formants, but also the understanding of the functional meaning becomes essential, because the principle of purposeful communication is important for the terminology itself and in the field of its use. To make the decision, it is crucial for the clinician and student-resident to define the clinical problem accurately, and he/she must be aware that the clinical problem could be comprehensive, complex, as it includes not only the general knowledge, but also specific issues about the clinical decision making and actions. Terms have a more complex semantic structure than resources of the general language, as they are built using specific methods and models (appellativization, separation, formation of metaphors and abbreviations). Identification of the all necessary terms and multi-word terms in medical databases is not always successful.
Teksta fragments ierīces ekrānā
Authors: Šulca Daina
Published: September 2023

In Latvia, 84% of the population of Latvia use the Internet – all you need is a connection, a phone, a tablet or a computer. New information is available 24 hours a day, anywhere in the world. Searching and obtaining information in the Internet environment is becoming decisive, it has “moved” from printed information sources to electronic ones. Text appears on the device’s screen only as fragments of something larger and more comprehensive. How important is a text fragment, so that a user of a lot of information continues to get acquainted with everything that follows, which is also readable only in fragments? On the screen, the eyes scan the text – first images, if there are any, then headings, subheadings, conclusion. The text on the Internet is not read in one go – unlike in a book. It rather resembles skimming for keywords, title, terms. From fragment to fragment. The peculiarity of Internet reading has also determined changes in the writing style and language of texts in the electronic environment – sentences have become shorter, more attention is paid to the inclusion of graphic elements in the text – diagrams, tables, numbers, pictures. One of the most interesting features of the Internet language is that when searching for information, the results can be found in several languages, and it is possible to understand what it is about in any of them. The language of the Internet is a language in which the whole world participates. This new language of fragments is characterized by a precise message and simplicity. After reading the first lines, everything seems to be clear, what is the story about? The language of the Internet is, by its nature, a digital form of the literary language – the language of fragments. It is a new commu­nicative environment that offers different possibilities of communication and perception. A fragment of text on the screen acts as a permanent whole, and when creating texts that will be read on devices, the language has become different. Bad is everything that cannot be understood, can be understood only with difficulty, or can be understood incorrectly. What are the laws of Internet language, how does it differ from literary language? How to build a language passage and why should reading time be taken into account? What is the one-comma-one-paragraph rule? What are the essential elements that make up a piece of language? Why is the jagged edge so important and what is an anchor in web text? These questions have arisen in the development of the language of the Internet, and we cannot ignore them. The Internet has already changed the world and altered us, but the big transformations are yet to come.
Latvietis Dienvidāfrikā
Authors: Jēkabsons Ēriks
Published: September 2023

Recenzija par grāmatu: Gorelik Boris (ed.). A Russian on Commando. The Boer War Experiences of Yevgeny Avgustus. Johannesburg-Cape Town-London 2022. 270 p. ISBN 978-1-7761-9136-9
Komodifikasi Agama: Praktik Bisnis Lokal di Kawasan Keramat Tuan Guru Babussalam, Sumatera Utara
Authors: Husna Nurul
Published: September 2023

Religion is often believed to be a source of values that can inspire the reality of human life. However, in another view, religion is also in line with the changes that have resulted in the degradation of the role of religion in the public sphere. Privatization of religion comes through various modes including commodification of religion. In a sociological context, religion is not merely an ideological doctrine but appears in the form of a collection of material. The research in this article is the type of research used is field research with an anthropological approach. This study uses a thick description approach. The results of the study show that commodification in the area has two positive and negative impacts. The impact of this area has become a marketing strategy for local business actors in particular and the outside community, introducing Sufism scholars who have brought the Naqsbandi Order to Langkat, as souvenirs for visitors, and helping the less fortunate, while the negative impact is that it seems to defame a sacred place.AbstrakAgama seringkali diyakini sebagai sumber nilai yang dapat menginspirasi dalam realitas kehidupan manusia. Namun, dalam pandangan lain, agama juga sejalan dengan perubahan yang telah mengakibatkan degradasi peran agama dalam ruang publik. Privatisasi agama hadr melalui berbagai modus diantaranya Komodifikasi agama. Dalam konteks sosiologi, agama bukan hanya sekadar sebagai suatu doktrin Ideologis namun muncul dalam bentuk seperangkat material. Penelitian dalam artikel ini ialah Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian lapangan dengan pendekatan antropologi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan thick description. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komodifikasi dalam daerah tersebut ada dua yaitu dampak positif dan negatif. Dampak daerah ini menjadi strategi pemasaran bagi pelaku usaha lokal khususnya maupun masyarakat luar, mengenalkan tokoh ulama tasawuf yang telah membawa tarikat Naqsabandi ke Langkat, sebagai cendramata bagi pengunjung, dan membantu masyarakat yang kurang mampu, sedangkan dampak negatifnya yaitu terkesan mencemarkan nama baik tempat keramat.
Mitologi dan Agama dalam Masyarakat Modern
Authors: Lina Ismir
Published: September 2023

The elimination of myths and religion in modern society has resulted in the despiritualization of religion and the demoralization of spirituality. The predominantly materialistic and positivistic approach of science has created a spiritual and humanitarian crisis, perceiving nature as a lifeless mechanical entity. This perspective contradicts the beliefs of our ancestors who revered nature as a living entity akin to humans. This study elucidates the relationship between myths, religion, and science through the perspectives of Karen Armstrong and Jalaluddin Rumi. Armstrong asserts that myths and religious laws are not true due to their alignment with metaphysical, scientific, or historical realities, but because of their life-affirming nature. Rumi, in his view, illustrates that knowledge that penetrates the soul requires spirit and emanates from the sublime realm beyond reason and words. This perspective amalgamates myths, religion, and science into a unity that respects spiritual existence and regards nature as something far beyond the comprehension of ordinary human beings.AbstrakPenyingkiran mitos dan agama dalam masyarakat modern telah menyebabkan dispiritualisasi agama dan demoralisasi spiritual. Ilmu pengetahuan yang cenderung materialistik dan positivistik telah menciptakan krisis spiritual dan kemanusian, menganggap alam sebagai mesin mekanis tanpa kehidupan. Pandangan ini bertentangan dengan kepercayaan leluhur kita yang menghormati alam sebagai entitas bernyawa, seperti manusia. Kajian ini mendeskripsikan hubungan antara mitos, agama, dan ilmu pengetahuan melalui perspektif Karen Armstrong dan Jalaluddin Rumi. Armstrong menyatakan bahwa mitos dan hukum agama bukanlah benar karena kesesuaiannya dengan realitas metafisik, ilmiah, atau historis, tetapi karena sifatnya yang menghidupkan. Rumi, dalam pandangannya, menggambarkan bahwa pengetahuan yang mencapai jiwa memerlukan ruh dan berasal dari alam yang agung di luar nalar dan kata-kata. Pandangan ini menggabungkan mitos, agama, dan ilmu pengetahuan sebagai satu kesatuan yang menghormati keberadaan spiritual dan memandang alam sebagai sesuatu yang jauh melampaui pemahaman manusia biasa.
Aproximações entre infâncias, indígenas mulheres e feminismos no filme Tainá (2000)
Authors: Felipe Fiel Arthur , Santos Alice , Cardoso D'Abreu Patrícia
Published: September 2023

This paper seeks to analyze the film – Tainá: uma aventura na Amazônia, directed by Tânia Lamarco e Sérgio Bloch, 2000, which has the first representation of a female child in an active and proactive role in the face of the nuances and outcomes of the plot. The film is analyzed in its sociocultural context and historical moment that brings to light the tensions that appear in this context. Through the theoretical survey, we point out some important narrative transformations that reconfigure Brazilian children's cinema and audiovisual and, in particular, we seek to highlight the important collaboration of feminist guidelines for the advancement of the field of studies related to children and childhood, as well as to the works produced and addressed to children in Brazil.
As múltiplas camadas da memória da/na televisão
Authors: Soares dos Santos Neto Valdemir , Abel Bressan Júnior Mario
Published: September 2023

Critical review of the book “Television, Memory and Nostalgia” (2011), by British researcher Amy Holdsworth.
Notary and legal arrangement of criminal law: Legal protection for notaries facing criminal cases
Authors: Erwiningsih Winahyu , Ali Mahrus
Published: September 2023

This study aims to analyze the legal protection for a notary either as a witness or as a suspect in the investigation stage of the deed he/she made. This study is important because notaries often face legal issues regarding the authentic deeds they produce. This study combines normative legal research and empirical law. In-depth interviews with notaries who have been examined as witnesses or suspects for the authentic deed made are carried out in depth. The results of this study indicate that investigators did not obtain prior approval from the Notary Honorary Council when examining a notary. Notaries are required to reveal client secrets during examinations, which infringes on their right to refuse. To provide adequate legal protection for notaries, in the future the Notary Honor Council must be empowered so that investigators cannot examine them without the panel’s approval. In addition, the notary’s right of refusal also needs to be used as a means of legal protection. In addition, further research regarding the examination of notaries at the trial stage needs to be carried out to obtain a comprehensive picture of legal protection for notaries.
Presentación grave de una tuberculosis peritoneal: reporte de caso clínicocaso clínico
Authors: Rivera Martínez Wilfredo Antonio , Pantoja Rosero María Elena , Chaves Cabrera Hugo Alejandro , Yory Montalvo Nicolás , Velásquez García Felipe , Ocampo Posada Martín
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: describir la presentación clínica y el proceso diagnóstico de un paciente con tuberculosis peritoneal como reto clínico en un centro de alta complejidad de un país latinoamericano.
Descripción del caso: un paciente masculino de 61 años procedente del área urbana de Cali consultó por edema en los miembros inferiores, ascitis, hiporexia, pérdida de peso, caquexia, trombocitopenia, elevación de transaminasas, imágenes de esplenomegalia y nódulos pulmonares, hepáticos y en el peritoneo. Inicialmente se sospechó neoplasia, pero el reporte de adenosina desaminasa y la histopatología fueron consistentes con el diagnóstico de tuberculosis peritoneal.
Conclusión: la tuberculosis peritoneal representa la sexta causa de tuberculosis extrapulmonar, después de las manifestaciones linfáticas, pleurales, osteoarticulares, genitourinarias y meníngeas. A pesar de contar con sistemas de vigilancia, la tuberculosis peritoneal sigue siendo considerada como la enfermedad infecciosa más desafiante para llegar a un diagnóstico definitivo. Se presenta un caso de tuberculosis diseminada en el que se comprobó invasión del peritoneo, por lo que se inició un tratamiento tetraconjugado; sin embargo, presentó una reacción adversa hepática y falleció producto del compromiso multisistémico de una complicación infecciosa pulmonar.
Masa periampular como presentación inusual de coccidioidomicosis. Reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Cruz Barbosa Jhoan Sebastian , Valencia Cardona Andrés Felipe , Cortés Buelvas Armando Daniel
Published: September 2023

La coccidioidomicosis en Colombia es una entidad infrecuente y la presentación intestinal es extremadamente rara, con alrededor de una docena de casos reportados en la literatura mundial. En el presente artículo se reporta el caso de un paciente inmigrante venezolano masculino de 29 años con historia de dolor abdominal, ictericia, náuseas y vómito de 4 meses de evolución. La tomografía y el estudio endoscópico evidenciaron una masa exofítica circunferencial en la segunda porción del duodeno. La biopsia reveló múltiples esférulas llenas de endosporas fúngicas redondas con diagnóstico final de coccidioidomicosis diseminada. El paciente fue dado de alta antes del reporte final anatomopatológico con dosis de fluconazol de 200 mg interdiario y orden de colangiorresonancia ambulatoria para control ambulatorio, mismo al cual no ha asistido.
Acrylic acid removal using membrane contactors during acrylate downstream processing: A techno-economic assessment
Authors: Yang Jie , Buekenhoudt Anita , Dael Miet Van , Luis Patricia , Bruggen Bart Van der , Malina Robert , Lizin Sebastien
Published: September 2023

In the light of waste prevention in the conventional acrylic acid (AA)
removal process uses a water washing tower, we report on an experimental
evidence of a proof-of-concept alternative process using TiO2 ceramic
membrane contactors. Experimental results allow us to estimate the mass
transfer coefficient of the proposed membrane system, being 0.003
m3/m2h. Based on this value, we perform a techno-economic assessment
(TEA) for the acrylate production process using membrane contactors for
AA removal. The acrylate production cost is estimated with a focus on
downstream processing. The results are benchmarked with the process
using a water washing tower for AA removal. 2-ethylhexyl acrylate
(2-EHA) is taken as the model product with a yield of 20,000 ton/year.
We find that for the membrane contactors to be cost competitive with the
water washing tower, the AA mass transfer coefficient needs to increase
to 0.005 m3/m2h, keeping the other parameters constant.
Reported conjunctivitis outbreak in Karachi, Pakistan: State of hand hygiene in a post-pandemic world
Authors: Awan Hashir , Zafar Muhammad Omaise , Bakhtawar Eraj , Jaffar Huda
Published: September 2023

In this text, we detail the rise in conjunctivitis cases reported in
Karachi, Pakistan over the month of August 2023 and assess the potential
contributing factors, that include the city’s humid weather, worsening
air quality and less-than-expected rainfall in the ongoing Monsoon
season. Additionally, the practice of hand hygiene which was implemented
rigorously during the COVID-19 pandemic is recognized to have had a
positive impact towards control of various infections that spread in a
similar fashion as the virus, including conjunctivitis. Since a decrease
in compliance with hand hygiene measures in the post-pandemic world,
this rise in ‘pink-eye’ cases calls for initiation of ground-level
research led by ophthalmologists to obtain a true prevalence of the
condition. This review will also serve as the foundation for the
initiation of policies dictating hygiene implementation and planning of
awareness campaigns for the general public that can serve as effective
preventative measures in order to curb the spread of this condition.