bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Time in your hands
Authors: Fairhurst Adrian
Published: September 2004

Looks at time, as opposed to money, as being the paramount
production variable of the 1990s, in light of the evolving information
economy. Examines streamlining of time in the form of simple
self‐reinforcing Just‐in‐time techniques. Offers a number of assertions
concerning new technology and time. Discusses the management of
information. Finally considers the future potential of time‐based
production and management techniques.
Building a collaborative advantage
Authors: Kolbus David
Published: September 2004

Looks at how, at a time when efficiency is at an all time premium
and operational complexity is expanding exponentially, many companies
are coming to recognise that the key to success is no longer simply to
encourage exceptional individual performance but instead to assure
effective co‐ordination both within an organization and among
organizations. Discusses software designs that are beginning to build
systems that facilitate and support group collaboration.
Measuring productivity: a how‐to guide
Authors: Gaile Don
Published: September 2004

Briefly discusses the role of productivity management. Offers seven
questions that should be asked when measuring productivity in an
organization.
Office work measurement by PADS
Authors: Brown Alan
Published: September 2004

Details the functions and implications for workplace managers of
PADS, a simplified, predetermined method‐time system which analyses the
sequences of manual actions performed in office work and assigns to each
a data code and time determined by the method used in the performance of
the sequence.
A job evaluation case history
Authors: Wilde Edwin
Published: September 2004

Reports on a job evaluation service provided for a national firm of
wholesalers. Discusses how consultants were retained to establish an
objective grading structure; devise an appropriate salary scale;
introduce a means of rewarding merit; calculate the costs of the
change‐over; and finally recommend a programme of implementation.
Activity‐based costing
Authors: Baines Anna
Published: September 2004

Presents activity‐based costing as an alternative approach to
traditional forms of cost control. Demonstrates how costing of this kind
can be used for a number of purposes, for instance product costing, and
as a means of analysing and improving business performance. Suggests
that this method will help the organization think more carefully about
the nature of what they do and what it costs them to do it.
Job design and new technology
Authors: Bailey John
Published: September 2004

Considers the possibilities of matching the needs of people and
technology for the benefit of organizations and their customers in the
context of job design. Looks at technology and efficiency in light of
the application of new technology in the form of computer systems of
information and manufacture. Shows the effect of changing market demands
and the importance of human factors on job design.
A computerized databank
Authors: Brown Alan D.
Published: September 2004

Demonstrates how a computerised databank can be used to make the
office work measurement process more efficient. Describes the Clerical
Databank, the computerised application system developed by the UK MTM
association. Reviews the aims of the Clerical Databank, element
compilation, operation compilation, workload schedules, and other main
menu options.
The impact of technology on work groups
Authors: Ahmed Sohag Riaz
Published: September 2004

Looks at the relationship between technological developments and
organizational form and human behaviour. Reviews social and
organizational changes that have resulted from the Industrial Revolution
and the more recent service sector revolution. Examines the relationship
between technological development and levels of authority in management;
technology and the workplace; management and technological advances; and
finally the impact of technology on occupations.
Is there nothing without results?
Authors: Arthur Jennings E.
Published: September 2004

Laments briefly the lack of significance given to participation in
the workplace and the emphasis placed on success.
Work performance evaluation: its effect on worker safety
Authors: Raouf A.
Published: September 2004

Presents a model for assessing human performance reliability that
takes into account a number of factors influencing performance.
Discusses performance evaluation standards and worker task adequacy.
Finally, reports briefly on research findings that indicate some of the
shortcomings of existing methods of assessment.
Following the Exel route
Authors: Drew Ralph
Published: September 2004

Discusses a programme embarked upon by Exel Logistics aimed at
improving the effectiveness of the drivers engaged in one of its major
store delivery contracts. Examines the Standard Hour Plan developed by
DMA (the specialist consultants involved) and how the programme
specifically met the needs of that particular contract.
Management forecasting
Authors: Baines Anna
Published: September 2004

Examines a number of forecasting techniques used by managers to
control operations, emphasising especially the potential dangers of
subjective forecasting. Discusses qualitative analysis, in particular
the commonly used Delphi method. Considers forecasting performed
bymeans of causal factor identification, time serial analysis, and
quantitative techniques. Suggests that forecasting demands the use of
management services practitioners.
Writing computer‐based learning packages
Authors: Gregson Ken
Published: September 2004

Looks at the functions and uses of computer‐aided learning (CAL)
and computer‐based training software programmes. Considers what can be
done with these programmes and how to build a well‐designed,
sophisticated learning package. Concludes with an examination of the
GUIDE learning system.
The total quality culture
Authors: Daniels Shirley
Published: September 2004

Considers how much total quality management has actually been
implemented in organizations. Finds great disparities between the
progress towards TQM and the progress towards BS5750 (the quality system
accreditation system). Argues that whereas BS5750 is procedurally based
approach, TQM is a culturally based approach; it is always easier to
change procedures than to change culture.
Structured estimating techniques
Authors: Gregson Ken
Published: September 2004

Offers a brief overview of the use of the kinds of estimating
techniques that are structured in some way to present consistent,
reliable time data. Stresses that the accuracy of estimating often
depends on the experience of the estimator in the field in which he or
she is estimating. Assess the relative merits of analytical estimation
and comparative estimation, and suggests that both be used depending on
the nature of the event.
Selection or rejection? That is the question
Authors: Arthur Jennings E.
Published: September 2004

Considers the future, when organizations will have to pay much
closer attention to their policies on selection and rejection of
employees and on training and retraining.
Video‐based business support services
Authors: Lynch John
Published: September 2004

Identifies and gives an initial evaluation of new approaches to
providing video‐based and video‐related services for training.
Demonstrates how video services can be provided by means of video
cassette recorder (VCR), teletext services, interactive video disc, as
part of a multimedia computer based package, as a private broadband
network, and by satellite.
Establishing a productivity mission
Authors: Gregson Ken
Published: September 2004

Examines the organizational mission statement and its function in
implementing a productivity improvement programme. Reveals a number of
management systems and procedures and suggests that the success factor
starts with an identification of the corporate mission. Outlines the
aims of the mission statement, and offers a means of testing the
efficacy of a mission statement.
Productivity control – equipment and facilities
Authors: Sedgewick Donald
Published: September 2004

Examines the way that managers utilise equipment and facilities
resources. Considers production management and productivity control.
Stresses the importance of establishing control systems based on the
collection of up‐to‐date information and effective routing procedures to
ensure that production delays are minimized. Argues that a proper
costing system is an important part of establishing a productivity
measurement and control system and is the basis of effective planning
and decision making.
The safe use of visual display units
Authors: King Terry
Published: September 2004

Examines new government regulations concerning the safe use of
visual display units and their implications for management. Argues that
implementation should begin with directors of the company,and outlines
how instructions should be passed to successively lower levels of
management. Considers the cost to the organization of ignoring the
regulations, and finally offers ways to promote an injury‐free attitude
in the workplace.
Telecommunications today
Authors: Baines Anna
Published: September 2004

Briefly reviews the concept of information technology and its
relationship to various forms of telecommunication services. Discusses
the role of the telephone, integrated services digital network (ISDN),
freephone numbers, facsimile (FAX), electronic mail, voice messaging,
voice mail, video‐conferencing, videophones, and audio‐conferencing.
Autonomous work groups
Authors: Baines Anna
Published: September 2004

Addresses the issue of introducing a system of group working into
organizations. Examines the areas where changes are necessary to
facilitate group working. Argues that changes should be made to the
notion of group working, the context of organizational mission and
statements, management structures, organizational culture, and
communication and coordination. Suggests that changes be worked out on a
participative basis for real benefits to accrue.
Productivity management: a soft systems approach
Authors: Mohanty R.P.
Published: September 2004

Describes some of the subjective aspects of productivity
management. Examines the philosophy of productivity with respect to the
organization. Argues that productivity management demands the knowledge
of the organization′s preconceptions and attitudes; involves managing a
complex system of relationships. Concludes that a completely analytical
and mechanistic approach to productivity, which ignores these factors,
is doomed to failure.
Factor analysis
Authors: Gregson Ken
Published: September 2004

Asks how to judge between competing work study projects in order
that efforts are wisely and profitably directed. Shows that factor
analysis can be a useful technique to determine which of a number of
possible paths of an investigation are likely to yield the best results.
Describes factor analysis by citing a specific example.
Customer care programs
Authors: Daniels Shirley
Published: September 2004

Describes the customer care movement as a movement parallel to that
of quality management. Shows that the best customer‐related programmes
go further than a simple concentration on ′the customer′. Looks at the
differing perceptions of receivers and providers of services. Claims
that the successful organization can identify changes in customers′
perceptions.
Looking after the pennies: efficiency and the small
solicitor′s firm
Authors: Drummond Helga , Chell Elizabeth
Published: September 2004

Locates the roots of inefficiency in small solicitors′ firms as the
lack of effective office management and administrative infrastructure.
Argues that solicitors can transform their practices into thriving
businesses, by implementing recording systems for all claimable
activities. Shows the potential of unadmitted staff; utilising the
potential of administration; and maintaining quality.
New developments in service operations management
Authors: Tinkham Mary A. , Kleiner Brian H.
Published: September 2004

Discusses the reasons why service quality is difficult to control,
methods to increase the control of services by improving the service
system, and ways in which top managers can avoid flaws made in service
performance, and improve service quality. Argues that management must
follow the example set by top service performers and become equally
committed to improving quality.
Back to the future: innovation through re‐engineering and
process technology
Authors: Janson Robert
Published: September 2004

Argues that US companies will have to consider re‐engineering and
process technology to remain competitive. Outlines the rationale behind
re‐engineering in the current business climate. Describes the necessary
steps to be taken by American organizations. Recommends training of
workforces. Concludes that companies which buy into re‐engineering and
process technology will be better poised for today′s competition.
Micro‐level organization
Authors: Baines Anna
Published: September 2004

Examines the design of jobs at the micro‐structure or individual
level of the organization. Reviews the drawbacks of the scientific
management approach to micro‐level job design. Argues that at the level
of the individual, managers should be attempting to create a role for
each individual that offers a suitable reward in terms of the level of
satisfaction perceived to be accrued from taking that role. Advocates
the design of work groups as a means of engendering quality and
productivity.
Automation dynamics: a small business dilemma
Authors: Rio Beverly E. , Cardinali Richard
Published: September 2004

Considers a number of factors in managing the administrative
functions of an office environment through automation: space demand
analysis, purchasing, labour considerations, adapting factors,
resistance to change, technology and trends, and costs. Describes the
benefits of automated business functions. Finally, discusses the funding
of automation technologies.
Effective leadership in a turbulent environment
Authors: Nalore‐Winter Concetta R. , Kleiner Brian H.
Published: September 2004

Offers suggestions for management in a changing business
environment. Advises managers to concentrate on customer responsiveness
and creating niche markets; to encourage and develop innovation among
the people on the organization; and empower employees. Finally, warns
that leaders must genuinely love change and make it an integral part of
their existence.
An agro‐industry case study
Authors: Wilde Edwin
Published: September 2004

Applies work study techniques to the agro‐industry, the industry
which processes agricultural products for everyday consumption. Examines
the peculiarities of agro‐industry production lines and labour
utilisation. Describes incentives, the planning process, and manpower
planning. Concludes that the agro‐industry presents a whole host of
problems not normally associated with process industry.
Incentive schemes in quality culture
Authors: Drummond Helga
Published: September 2004

Argues that incentives can facilitate the management process. Shows
that traditional productivity based incentive schemes are incompatible
with new manufacturing techniques that emphasise speed, flexibility and
responsiveness to fluctuations in customer demand. Claims that rewarding
outcomes is unlikely to produce commitment. Suggests that further
research identify incentive schemes.
Effective coaching of organizational employees
Authors: Case Thomas J. , Kleiner Brian H.
Published: September 2004

Suggests that many methods of effective coaching are available to
top management. Sets out a number of techniques for coaching employees
and maximising their potential in the organisation. Examines motivation
techniques, reward schemes and compensation, training and discipline.
Concludes that it is up to management to choose their own coaching
methods.
Shared cost of health care benefits: some cautionary
thoughts from equity theory
Authors: Eugene Hughes R. , Tomkiewicz Joseph M.
Published: September 2004

Examines employees′ attitudes towards the value of sharing the
costs of health care benefits. Argues that heightened employee awareness
of value of these benefits will not necessarily result in the positive
attitude changes envisioned by employers. Suggests that equity theory
may serve as a reasonable model for considering how employees may
respond to health sharing proposals. Cautions employers to reconsider
the projected cost savings and potential negative behavioural
consequences of such strategies.
The impact of technology on teaching
Authors: Daniels Shirley
Published: September 2004

Considers the changes and problems associated with the recent ′dash
for growth′ among higher education institutions. Argues that higher
education must move from being teaching environments to being the
provision, development and management of learning environments and that
technology can help to foster this supportive environment. Offers a
possible scenario of the kinds of activities undertaken by students in
the future.
Putting the O into O&M
Authors: Gregson Ken
Published: September 2004

Examines organizational structures, organizational studies and the
relationship between them. Discusses the formal and informal aspects of
organizations; the range of application of organizational study; the
need for organizational change; the objectives of organization study;
procedures for carrying out such a study, and implementing the
procedures. Finally, presents techniques of organization study.
Developing flexible personnel schedules using a
microcomputer
Authors: Brusco Michael J. , Jacobs Larry W.
Published: September 2004

Examines an alternative approach to labour utilisation, based on
the concept of simulated annealing, implemented on a microcomputer.
Demonstrates the use of the new approach in a study of the potential
labour utilisation effect of two types of scheduling flexibility: shift
length flexibility and meal‐break placement flexibility. Finally, offers
implications of the new approach for management.
New developments in health and safety programmes
Authors: Gillings Stephen C. , Kleiner Brian H.
Published: September 2004

Examines new directions company health and safety programmes are
taking. Discusses new dealings with Health Maintenance Organizations
(HMOs) which companies employ, stress management, and wellness or
preventative health programmes. Considers employee participation in the
implementation of safety programmes and various forms of safety
incentives.
The importance of accountability in managing productivity
Authors: Mohanty R.P.
Published: September 2004

Briefly examines the concept of accountability and what is
distinguishable as account behaviour. Discusses research on
accountability and its implications for productivity management.
Introduces dual focus of accountability (′upwards′ and ′downwards′) and
contemplates a number of propositions to enable its use as device for
improving productivity. Suggests that greater awareness of
accountability can provide organisations with mutual understanding and
increased productivity.
Managing human resources strategically
Authors: Orpen Christopher
Published: September 2004

Suggests that many managers are unaware of what is involved in
human resource planning. Presents a working framework for human resource
strategy that can easily be followed: analysing the environment,
developing company objectives, analysing human resources, forecasting
human resource needs, developing human resource objectives, developing
human resource strategies, and analysing the effect of human resource
strategies. Concludes that companies cannot be successful if planning
neglects the people that work for them.
Do we still need work measurement?
Authors: Gregson Ken
Published: September 2004

Considers the value of work measurement. Examines the process of
management and identifies the tasks carried out in that process.
Provides examples that each illustrate one facet of the planning process
that can be improved through the use of work measurement. Claims that
decision making is dependent upon reliable information – the kinds
of information provided by comprehensive programme of work measurement.
Flexible manufacturing systems
Authors: Daniels Shirley
Published: September 2004

Describes flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) as an attempt to
bring the advantages of flow type production to batch production
systems. Suggests production stages where FMS should be facilitated.
Examines the connection between FMS and computer based production, in
particular computer integrated management (CIM). Concludes that CIM and
FMS can offer additional speed of response and flexibility in the way
production facilities are established.
New developments in TQM
Authors: Johnson Russell , Kleiner Brian H.
Published: September 2004

Discusses recent developments and innovations in total quality
management (TQM). Defines and outlines principles of TQM as advanced by
leading management theorists and looks at the role of process variation.
Examines why TQM has been adopted in the Aerospace and Defence
Industries and how they have defined the practice. Finally, looks at the
application and results of TQM implementation at one aerospace company.
Revisiting scientific management
Authors: Mohanty R.P.
Published: September 2004

Proposes to clarify the concepts and principles of scientific
management. Suggests reasons for using scientific management techniques
and presents a number of guidelines for it implementation. Maintains
that scientific management, like all other approaches, relies on humans
to deliver its success.
Lame ducks and prodigals
Authors: Arthur Jennings E.
Published: September 2004

Claims that modern management always gives help and encouragement
to the less able brethren, while ignoring the ones who keep productivity
high. Advises managers to refrain from giving too much attention to less
able employees.
Office productivity
Authors: Daniels Barrie
Published: September 2004

Considers the application of ′work study′ processes –
typically used to analyse factory work‐to office environments.
Recommends the basic procedure of method study and proposes a method for
form design and control and office layout. Concludes that ′work study′
remain just as valid as business process re‐engineering for studies
carried out in office environments.
Mentoring
Authors: Gregson Ken
Published: September 2004

Suggests that the growth of mentoring is a result of a general
shift in education and – from theoretical study and examination to
competency‐based learning and assessment. Offers several suggestions for
implementing a mentoring program within an organization. Concludes that
mentoring is not a replacement for an effective training and staff
development scheme‐but that it can make one even more effective.
Desktop conferencing
Authors: Baines Anna
Published: September 2004

Reviews the advantages and disadvantages of various forms of
desktop conferencing: telephone conferencing, audio conferencing,
computer conferencing, desktop computer conferencing, and video
conferencing.
New approaches to managing performance appraisals
Authors: Tinkham Robert , Kleiner Brian H
Published: September 2004

Suggests that performance appraisals can be a motivating factor for
employees; careful implementation performance appraisal techniques will
assure desired company goals are encouraged. Describes computer
performance monitoring systems (CPMS) which are used to gather data and
evaluate employee performance. Reviews the advantages and disadvantages
of CPMS and offers methods for customer‐oriented performance appraisal
and for employee self appraisal.
Computer staff incentives – a case study
Authors: Wilde Edwin
Published: September 2004

Describes the design and implementation of an incentive scheme for
two different groups of computer operators in a large Middle Eastern
electricity and distribution company. Compares computer outputs from
each group and suggests that performance is dependent not only on the
kind of work processed, but also on the effort of workers. Concludes
that through proper application of work measurement and by enlisting the
capabilities of the computer itself, successful incentives can be
achieved.
Local area networking
Authors: Clemmet Mike
Published: September 2004

Investigates some complex issues concerning local area networking
(LAN). Examines the two basic forms of network – peer‐to‐peer and
server‐based and their advantages and disadvantages for workgroups of
various sizes. Compares Token Ring with Ethernet networks. Finally,
offers some advice on choosing operating systems.
Comparing Chinese and American manufacturing
Authors: Vastag Gyula , Clay Whybark D.
Published: September 2004

Asks whether China will be able to sustain its current rate of
economic growth and compete in the North American market, by comparing
manufacturing practices in China and North America. Uses data obtained
by questionnaire from companies in the non‐fashion textile and small
machine‐tool industries. Considers three factors that differentiate the
two regions: asset management, market responsiveness, and manufacturing
management. Concludes that the differences are substantial and that it
is unlikely that China will penetrate the markets of industrialised
countries.
See me, see you
Authors: Arthur Jennings E.
Published: September 2004

Briefly examines training courses. Identifies problems and suggest
ways that courses can be run more effectively. Asks that lecturers and
organisers take a closer look at their own activities from different
perspectives.
The employee’s equation
Authors: Jawandhiya Y.S.
Published: September 2004

Introduces the concept of the “the employee′s equation”
as a device for helping managers to think about what they are doing in
terms of the effects it may have on employees and their productivity.
Suggest that managers keep in mind that the basic equation from the
employee′s perspective is: does my gain = my input, as well as
considering their own equation: does employee input = employee
compensation. Surmises that organisations rest on balancing these
equations.
I WANNABE: THE FRAMEWORK FOR CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Redfern Margaret
Published: September 2004

Describes and discusses the origins, principles and possible best
practices of the Framework for Continuing Professional Development (CPD)
– introduced by the Library Association for those working in
Library and Information Services (LIS). The changed career of the
librarian – from scholar to information specialist – has
raised expectations from staff and users alike. CPD is concerned with
systematic maintenance, improvement and broadening of knowledge and
skills. Offering the “Framework” as a scheme, which can grow
and develop, may enable the development of both personal and
institutional futures.
THE MANAGER AS COACH
Authors: Barry Tom
Published: September 2004

The secret of a manager becoming effective in coaching or training
individuals lies in personal attributes which will be respected and
perhaps admired by the people involved in the training programme. Some
of these qualities include knowledge and experience, they should be
effective communicators, good at self analysis and be quick to react.
The old adversarial role should be abandoned if a manager wants to
obtain the best results from his or her employees, and the analogy of a
coach, in a sporting context, getting the best out of the team through a
unique coach‐employee relationship is apposite.
THE SPRINGBOARD WOMEN’S DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME
Authors: Willis Liz , Daisley Jenny
Published: September 2004

Traces the development of the Springboard Women′s Development
Programme including the reason for its creation and how its content was
decided on; in passing suggests reasons for the lack of progress of
women at work. Explains how the programme has, and is, being used and
makes suggestions as to why it is proving so successful, so quickly.
TIME FOR A CHANGE
Authors: Thompson Verena
Published: September 2004

Examines the reasons behind deciding to change career and is a
personal account of the factors to consider when applying for a position
in fields related to librarianship. Assesses skills, knowledge and
experience gained within library and information work and applies them
to sell to prospective employers. Gives advice on how to know when the
time is right to make a move, as well as useful interview tips.
The 1986 tax reform act: potential effects on domestic and
foreign investors
Authors: Etter Wayne E.
Published: September 2004

Examines the way in which the 1986 Tax Reform Act affected the
status of US real estate as a tax shelter. Demonstrates that because tax
benefits previously were an important component of total returns from
income producing real estate, its immediate effect is to reduce
after‐tax returns from real estate. Argues that if market values fall
and rents rise, however, after‐tax returns from income producing real
estate should be sufficient to attract individual US investors. Adds
that the 1986 Tax Act should attract more US pension funds and foreign
investors to US investment real estate given that the buying advantage
of US investors has been reduced.
Considerations for the foreign investor in the US real
estate market
Authors: Mooney Steven P. , Mooney Kate
Published: September 2004

Provides a review and synthesis of the finance literature regarding
foreign investment and the real estate literature dealing with foreign
investment in US real estate. Addresses the motivations for investing in
US real estate, including the potential for increased returns as well as
the potential for risk reduction. Proposes an investment decision making
model indicating factors that foreign investors need to consider when
investing in US real estate.
Taxation of gains from property development
Authors: Spencer Philip
Published: September 2004

Demonstrates that property development, as with all property
transactions, requires a sound understanding of the tax implications and
should be viewed in an environment of good tax planning. Considers
various headings of taxation for the disposal of development property by
both the property trader and the property investor. Provides a broad
overview of current property/tax legislation.
Arranging bank finance for UK property development
Authors: Geddes J.
Published: September 2004

Illustrates the sharp increase in bank lending to UK property
companies, which has occurred between 1985 and 1989. Considers some of
the reasons, not all of which relate to the property market. Also
examines the varying attitudes banks will have to different types of
lending proposals, and this is expanded to look at the variety of roles
which a bank may assume, be it as lender, arranger, or partner. Provides
insights into how banks will analyse the risk inherent in any particular
proposal. Finally, suggests how prospective borrowers might find a
suitable bank and present their proposals.
Development appraisals
Authors: Newell Martin
Published: September 2004

Reviews the basic objectives, methods and benefits of traditional
development appraisals. Outlines and comments on the cash flow approach,
which is beginning to find favour among both developers and their
advisers.
Residential investment properties
Authors: Shapiro Eric
Published: September 2004

Examines the residential property market and the effects of
substantial changes in the law under the Housing Act 1988. Argues that
the effect of these changes will highlight the residential market as an
available investment option. Considers the current investment
opportunities and suggests the necessary criteria for choosing such
investments.
Real estate projects and multiple internal rates of return
Authors: Nanthakumaran Nanda
Published: September 2004

Examines the problem of multiple solutions in relation to the use
of the internal rates of return (IRR) as a decision‐making criterion.
Attempts to show that positive multiple IRRs occur only in a limited
number of cases and in such cases the IRR is not the appropriate measure
of return. Argues instead that the true rate of return for such projects
is shown to be dependent on the cost of capital. Suggests two methods to
deal with this problem: the extended yield method and the return on
invested capital method.
“Poll taxes”, property taxes and the housing market
Authors: Lizieri Colin
Published: September 2004

Attempts to place the debate over the introduction of the community
charge in the more analytical framework of economic theory. Argues that
the community charge has disadvantages in terms both of equity and
efficiency. Considers the wider effects of the abolition of domestic
rates on the housing market. Using a case study, examines the
feasibility of an alternative local taxation system based on capital
values.
The contractor’s basis of valuation for rating and the new
non‐domestic rate
Authors: Claringbull Jack
Published: September 2004

Examines the evolution of the Contractor′s basis of valuation for
rating, the valuation framework currently adopted and the definitions
that have emerged from litigation; considers the need for a review of
the elements of the valuation framework in the light of recent economic
changes and a more accurate approach to quantification. Discusses a
possible solution proposed by the Government within the context of
England and Wales and also in the light of the Contractor′s Principle in
Scotland.
The effect of business rates on rental values
Authors: Sibley Ian J.
Published: September 2004

Examines the effects of non‐domestic rates on rental values, and
investigates whether a differing rate poundage between two otherwise
comparable areas will result in a rental value differential between
those areas. Presents the phenomenon as tested in relation to two office
markets around midtown London, UK. Shows that while rental values in the
first market were lower, the difference was not sufficient to compensate
for the difference in rates. Concludes that the property market does not
have a sufficiently perfect pricing mechanism.
Valuations for merger and take‐over purposes
Authors: Gerold P.M.
Published: September 2004

Discusses the role of the valuation surveyor in the context of a
take‐over or merger. Examines a take‐over or merger as an event encased
within a corporate transaction or change in property ownership. Warns
that the valuer must ensure that proper advice is given to both the
shareholders and to the directors just as if they were buying or selling
that property, and that the chartered surveyor must understand the role
which he or she is accepting and be prepared to work as part of a team.
Argues that the surveyor continues to provide truly independent advice,
as expected by shareholders and directors.
Professional negligence: some recent developments
Authors: Briefing Law
Published: September 2004

Offers readers a broad overview of recent developments in the area
of professional negligence. Shows that in recent years there has been a
dramatic increase in the number of cases directed against surveyors and
valuers for negligence. Details mortgage valuations and disclaimers and
the bases for liability; the breach of the duty of care; and finally the
negligent chattel valuation.
The effects of Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) systems on land
values
Authors: Williams Gareth
Published: September 2004

Investigates the evolution of mass rapid transit (MRT) in relation
to the Hong Kong market and analyses the effect of surrounding land
values. Outlines the unique features of Hong Kong which make an urban
railway system ideal and discusses the changes brought about by MRT.
Summarizes the growth of commercial development on Hong Kong island and
gives case studies on the Admiralty, Sheung Wan and Taikooshing/Kornhill
areas in respect of their development with the advent of MRT. Notes that
the shortening of travelling time for workers has increased demand for,
and hence the price of, sites immediately adjacent to MRT stations.
Judicial attitudes to professional liability for property
investment advice
Authors: Lavers Anthony , MacFarquhar Alistair
Published: September 2004

Explores judicial attitudes in professional negligence cases
affecting liability for property investment advice. Focuses on the
standard of work required to discharge the legal duty of care and on
apparent contradictions in approach by the courts. Reviews a series of
cases which are taken to exhibit traditional attitudes to professional
liability and studies modern cases which are irreconcilable with those
attitudes. Includes liability to third party mortgagors and to third
party mortgagees in an analysis of the duty of care, and considers the
implications of the perceived expansion of the advisor′s professional
duties, which include potential conflicts of interest and the dichotomy
between the standards current among professionally qualified and
unqualified practitioners. Suggests that judicial attitudes are
influential in shaping the practice of property investment advice, but
that this intervention is fraught with difficulties as it creates
uncertainty among professional advisors about the nature of the tasks
undertaken.
Property share valuation
Authors: Adams Andrew , Venmore‐Rowland Piers
Published: September 2004

Discusses the distinctions between property investment/development
companies and property developer/trading companies, and notes the
differences in valuation methodology. Explains that the valuation of
property investment/development company shares is based on estimated net
asset value (NAV), and the process by which the shares may be traded on
the stock market at a discount or a premium to this. Identifies the
factors which influence the discount or premium to NAV and suggests a
framework whereby the shares may be evaluated in a more explicit manner.
Public sector valuations
Authors: Lan Yuan Lim
Published: September 2004

Examines the role of statutory valuations and tax valuations in the
public sector, making particular reference to the position in Singapore.
Describes the three main statutory valuations in the context of
Singapore as development charge levy, property tax assessment and land
acquisition compensation, and discusses some of the issues and problems
arising from the courts′ interpretation of the relevant laws and the
legislation governing them. Details development charge valuation.
The valuation of petrol filling stations
Authors: Baker James
Published: September 2004

Discusses the methods and processes involved in the valuation of
petrol filling stations. Examines the market conditions current at the
end of 1989 and comments on some of the complexities involved in
interpreting available comparable evidence. Suggests that the report
made by the Monopolies and Mergers Commission compiled after this paper
was written, may significantly affect the market.
The valuation of licensed premises
Authors: Morgan David
Published: September 2004

Briefly outlines the history of the valuation and appraisal of
licensed premises since the 1950s and discusses how the system has
evolved through the course of years in line with market trends. Analyses
the resultant changes in the methods of appraisal in respect of the
public house and details the several constituents of standard such
appraisal. Suggests that the traditional methodology for this type of
property is no longer appropriate in today′s marketplace.
Risk and Return: Constructing a property portfolio
Authors: MacGregor Bryan D.
Published: September 2004

Considers the role of property in a multi‐asset portfolio and
highlights the need for property to be subject to the same analytical
framework as other assets in the portfolio. Discusses the principles of
portfolio construction, consisting of development of economic scenarios;
forecasts of return on asset classes; asset allocation and portfolio
construction; and stock selection. Sets out a strategic framework for
the construction of a property portfolio, which involves an explicit
consideration of risk and return relative to an appropriate benchmark.
States that both the structure and stock of the fund need to be
considered. Suggests that most of the published work on the subject is
seriously flawed by inadequate data.
Property and asset allocation – 1 The consulting
actuary′s view
Authors: Hagar David P.
Published: September 2004

Presents an actuary′s viewpoint of the role of property within a
multi‐asset portfolio and assesses the suitability of property as an
asset in relation to the liability profile of the fund. Analyses the
various forms of risk and relates them to the role of property within an
asset allocation model.
Property and asset allocation – 2 The broker′s view
Authors: Ross Goobey Alastair
Published: September 2004

Considers the role of pension funds′ real portfolio structure and
the role of property within that portfolio, discussing the need for
establishing parameters. Compares business risk and investment risk, and
discusses the problems faced by investment managers in reconciling their
conflicting requirements. Highlights the potential conflict of interest
between quoted securities managers and property advisors. Suggests, by
reference to a historical summary, that, given sufficient information,
property should be treated as all other assets.
Direct property and property shares
Authors: Venmore‐Rowland Piers
Published: September 2004

Discusses the performance of equities, direct property and property
shares and provides a background for comparing the advantages and
disadvantages of these two distinct types of property investments.
Highlights the similarities and differences between property shares and
direct property. Concludes that within a multi‐asset portfolio both make
valuable contributions to the structure of the portfolio, but that
property shares are more applicable to smaller ones and are useful for
shifting investment weightings quickly.
Taxation, gross funds and the ownership of commercial
property
Authors: Evans Alan W.
Published: September 2004

Discusses the advantages to a tax paying company in the absence of
inflation, to lease commercial property from a non‐tax paying
institution. Outlines the reasoning behind the existence of a market in
the sale of short leaseholds to gross funds. Explores the financial
advantages to leaseholds being owned by taxpaying firms when there is
price inflation, but declares the wisdom of selling to gross funds at
the point at which their monetary value starts to decline. Suggests that
the UK tax system, which does not allow firms to write off the cost of
investment in commercial buildings against tax, affects the pattern of
ownership of these buildings.
Nonlinear multiple regression: Conjectures and
considerations
Authors: Donnelly William A.
Published: September 2004

Discusses the application of multiple regression analysis (MRA) in
the process of maintaining equity and consistency with the market place
in valuation. Illustrates the case by giving examples using data
maintained by a local valuer′s office. Outlines the uses of regression
analysis in order to specify whether or not a given value is within a
specified probability limit. Shows how the procedure is straightforward
to use with microcomputer technology, and compares the system against
the standard linear model form. Suggests that the extra time and effort
required to identify non‐linearities, may not provide a sufficient
justification for its use.
Valuation expertise: Its nature and application
Authors: Scott Ian , Gronow Stuart
Published: September 2004

Discusses the components of valuation expertise as applied to the
residual mortgage valuation domain and considers the different levels of
analysis at which this expertise is exhibited. Explores the difference
between ′true′ valuation expertise and expertness, the implications of
the consultant′s ability to work across different domains of
specialization by using analogies and the use of both individual and
multiple experts in producing a ′domain theory′ which could be utilized
in the production of an expert system for the mortgage valuation
problem.
Expert systems in real estate valuation
Authors: Czernkowski Robert M.J.
Published: September 2004

Discusses the development of expert systems (ES) as an improvement
on computer‐aided valuation techniques (CAV), due to its allowing the
modelling of complex non‐linear and qualitative relationships and
processes, such as those which exist within the field of valuation.
Explores valuation as a set of processes and details current technology
with reference to the impact of CAVs in Australia. Discusses expert
systems as the latest stage in the evolution of computer methods which
support humans in decision making, outlines ES procedure and gives
examples of current applications. Considers the application of expert
systems to rating valuation and reviews the theory of ′information
chunking.
VAT and property: A practical guide
Authors: McLenaghan Tony
Published: September 2004

Outlines the major changes in the VAT treatment of property and
construction in the light of the Finance Act 1989, and suggests
practical ways in which developers can avoid unbudgeted VAT liabilities
and penalties. Discusses basic VAT principles which apply to property
and construction and the effects of the new rules on tenants and
investors. Explores the practical implications in terms of new
development, refurbishment, registration, recovery and the sale or
letting of property.
Valuation of Varying Profit Rents – Part 1
Authors: Harker Norman J. , Nanthakumaran Nanda , Rogers Simon
Published: September 2004

Reconsiders the double sinking fund problem by looking at each of
the common methods used. Investigates the underlying assumptions and the
residual errors or inconsistencies. Notes that the use of traditional
dual rate valuations results in a mathematical error within the
valuation and an under‐valuation of the interest. Concludes that the
Double Sinking Fund Method must be recommended in preference to
Pannell′s Method.
Confidence Intervals to Establish Horizontal Equity in
Valuations
Authors: Donnelly William A.
Published: September 2004

Illustrates a practical method for evaluating horizontal equity in
property valuations using confidence intervals through the use of an
indicator variable. Concludes that the calculation of a confidence
interval in conjunction with a point‐estimate forecast valuation
provides the valuer with a statistical test of equity.
The Valuation Profession in France
Authors: Plimmer Frances , Gronow Stuart
Published: September 2004

Outlines the nature of the valuation work undertaken by valuers in
France, the personnel involved and their professional education and
training. Describes the three main property professions in France.
Places their work into the context of the single european market and the
Commission′s Directive on the mutual recognition of professional
qualifications throughout the European Union.
Discounted Cashflows
Authors: Martin David
Published: September 2004

Notes the suggestions that surveyors and valuers should change
their methodology to make explicit assumptions about inflation, growth
rates and yield movement. Reports on the spread of discounted cashflows
(DCF) to the appraisal of large development projects and for use in
investment appraisals. Concludes that if property investors cease to be
dominated by institutions, the likelihood is that DCFs will become more
common as a valuation method.
The French Property Investment Market
Authors: Welsh Samantha
Published: September 2004

Discusses the context for French property investment. Shows how it
has evolved as a result of social, economic and political forces.
Considers investment media, investment methods and types of investors.
Finally examines in depth the phenomenon of ‘mondialisation′ – the
increasingly international nature of property investment.
Valuation of Restaurants
Authors: Aarons Leslie
Published: September 2004

Considers the close regard that must be paid to the legal framework
within which restaurants must operate, particularly town planning,
licensing and other statutory controls. Queries the traditional ‘zoning′
approach and prefers a more universally applicable overall approach.
Concludes that valuation on a direct comparison basis with nearby retail
units often results in a value that bears no relationship to the reality
of the market place for a specialised type of property.