bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análisis de producción y calidad de bajo costo para el proceso de metalurgia de polvos virtualizado en Unity 3D
Authors: Morales Villegas Hernan Vinicio , Ilaquiche Vega Edgar Fabian , Yumiceba Yungan Klever Daniel , Haro Diaz Henry Gabriel , Avila Quinde Ronald Saul
Published: February 2025

El presente artículo, analiza la producción y calidad a bajo costo para el control del proceso virtualizado de una planta de metalurgia de polvos (pulvimetalurgia) para lo cual se consideró el software Unity 3D, el diseño del entorno virtual consta de 5 etapas para la fabricación y terminado de la pieza, el entorno virtual es desarrollado en Unity 3D enlazado con TIA Portal V17 (Totally Integrated Automation Portal), donde se realiza la programación para realizar el control a través de PLC S7 1200 (Controlador Lógico Programable), los dos softwares se comunican a través de Ethernet TCP/IP. El proceso consiste en cinco etapas: ingreso de material, compactación, sinterizado, calibrado, impregnación de aceites y tratamiento térmico, todo este procedimiento siendo virtualizado en Unity 3D para material educativo e industrial, la virtualización en tiempo real se realiza mediante los servidores S7, ya que estos servidores permiten la comunicación de datos históricos de manera real y eficiente para el proceso. Mediante la colaboración entre Unity y Tia Portal se logró virtualizar la planta de metalurgia de polvos, brindando así la posibilidad de experimentar con diferentes escenarios y configuraciones en un entorno virtual antes de la implementación física, esto conlleva a la disminución de los riesgos y los costos asociados con ajustes y cambios en la producción, por ende, esto conduce a un proceso de desarrollo más controlado y rentable.
PERCEPÇÕES RECÍPROCAS DE PROFISSIONAIS DA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA E ESPECIALIZADA EM SAÚDE DO PARANÁ NA PERSPECTIVA DO MODELO DE ATENÇÃO ÀS CONDIÇÕES CRÔNICAS
Authors: Lima Jéssica Oliveira de , Rocha Giseli da , Silva Rosiane Aparecida da , Muraro Caren Cristiane , Nardi Edileuza de Fátima Rosina , Fidalski Solena Ziemer Kusma
Published: February 2025

A dinâmica das causas de morbidade e mortalidade no Brasil está em constante transformação, impulsionada por profundas mudanças sociais, demográficas e epidemiológicas. A queda nas taxas de fecundidade e o aumento da expectativa de vida estão associados a um crescente predomínio de Doenças Crônicas não Transmissíveis - DCNT, como diabetes, hipertensão e doenças cardiovasculares. Esse novo cenário representa um desafio significativo para o sistema de saúde brasileiro, demandando a implementação de estratégias de prevenção, diagnóstico precoce e tratamento contínuo, além de uma reorganização dos serviços para atender às necessidades de uma população cada vez mais idosa e com maior prevalência de doenças crônicas. Essa mesma transição epidemiológica e demográfica são evidentes em todo o mundo, com mudanças nos padrões de mortalidade por causas específicas, que deixa de ser marcado por doenças infecciosas predominantemente, para um padrão de maior prevalência de DCNT (Martins et al., 2021; Brasil, 2021). No Brasil, desde os anos 2000, vários movimentos na saúde pública chamavam a atenção para a problemática das DCNT. Em 2003, realizou-se o primeiro inquérito domiciliar sobre comportamento de risco e morbidade referida de agravos não transmissíveis, que constituiu a linha de base do país no monitoramento dos principais fatores de risco. Em 2006, foi implantado o VIGITEL, inquérito telefônico que realiza uma média de 54 mil entrevistas anuais, e investiga a frequência de fatores de risco e proteção para doenças crônicas e morbidade referida em adultos (≥18 anos) residentes em domicílios com linha fixa de telefone nas capitais do país (Brasil, 2011).
SUICÍDIO NO PARANÁ: ANÁLISE DAS OCORRÊNCIAS POR REGIONAL DE SAÚDE (2018-2022)
Authors: Lopes Manoeli , Moura Guilherme Benhour , Santos Rafael Olegario dos , Wanzinack Clovis
Published: February 2025

O suicídio configura-se como uma questão crítica de saúde pública, caracterizado por sua natureza multifatorial e pelas consequências irreversíveis que acarreta para a sociedade. Deste modo, os governos enfrentam o desafio de desenvolver estratégias preventivas que se baseiem em evidências científicas, com o objetivo de mitigar os riscos associados e reduzir a mortalidade. Por isso a análise desse fenômeno é de suma importância, dado que a saúde mental constitui uma prioridade no âmbito da saúde pública. De acordo com Silva e Marcolan (2022), o suicídio exerce um impacto profundo sobre famílias, amigos e comunidades, afetando entre 60 e 135 pessoas próximas. Nessa perspectiva, Rosa et al. (2017) reforçam que o suicídio se classifica entre as 20 principais causas de morte globalmente, configurando-se como um grave problema de saúde pública em virtude de seu aumento contínuo. Também, destaca-se a violência, em suas diversas formas, como um fator que causa traumas significativos e afeta a economia, ao direcionar recursos para o combate a essa problemática (Wanzinack, 2018). Além disso, sobreviventes de tentativas de suicídio enfrentam dificuldades na retomada de suas vidas. Esses indivíduos tendem a se isolar devido ao medo do julgamento social, à vergonha e aos sentimentos ambivalentes, o que os torna duas a três vezes mais suscetíveis ao risco de novo suicídio (Botega et al, 2014). Neste sentido, a depressão, principal fator associado ao suicídio, é um transtorno psicológico prevalente, caracterizado por alterações de humor e tristeza profunda. Além da depressão, outros fatores que contribuem para o suicídio incluem problemas amorosos e familiares, uso de drogas, alcoolismo, bullying, traumas, doenças, esgotamento no trabalho e transtornos psiquiátricos (Ores et al., 2012).
ESTRATÉGIAS DE PLANEJAMENTO DE SEGURANÇA PARA MULHERES VÍTIMAS DE VIOLÊNCIA POR PARCEIRO ÍNTIMO NO BRASIL
Authors: Vicelli Rozeli Maria Mateus , Rosa Jainy da Costa , Arantes Maryana Pezzini , Evans Dabney Page , Signorelli Marcos Claudio
Published: February 2025

A violência por parceiro íntimo (VPI) é um fenômeno devastador no Brasil, com impactos significativos na saúde e no bem-estar das mulheres. Segundo um estudo baseado no Banco de Dados Global da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), mais de uma em cada quatro mulheres entre 15 e 49 anos sofreu violência física ou sexual por um parceiro íntimo pelo menos uma vez na vida, e uma em cada sete vivenciou essa violência no último ano (WHO, 2018). A incidência de feminicídios, expressão máxima dessa violência, posiciona o Brasil entre os países com índices mais elevados globalmente (FBSP, 2023; SIGNORELLI et al., 2022). Essa situação não apenas afeta diretamente a saúde e a qualidade de vida das mulheres, mas também reverbera nas suas famílias, comunidades e na estrutura socioeconômica mais ampla da sociedade. Em 2018, aproximadamente 492 milhões de mulheres nessa faixa etária foram vítimas de VPI ao menos uma vez desde os 15 anos (WHO, 2018). Passados 18 anos da Lei Maria da Penha e com novas legislações estabelecendo punições adequadas, a violência doméstica contra a mulher continua a crescer no Brasil. Pesquisas mostram que as mulheres brasileiras sofrem mais violência física e sexual de parceiros ao longo da vida (33,4%) do que a média mundial (27%). Dados do Fórum Brasileiro de Segurança Pública e Datafolha indicam que 21 milhões de mulheres foram vítimas de violência psicológica, 15,7 milhões sofreram agressões físicas, e 13,6 milhões foram forçadas a manter relações sexuais contra sua vontade. Este panorama é ainda mais crítico para mulheres jovens, negras e da periferia, refletindo um histórico de colonização, escravidão, machismo e patriarcado que perpetua a violência de gênero (ACAYABA, 2023).
EPIDEMIOLOGIA DO INFARTO AGUDO DO MIOCÁRDIO E A CONSTRUÇÃO DE FOLDER PARA PROMOÇÃO DE SAÚDE COM ÊNFASE NA SAZONALIDADE
Authors: Lemos Raiana Albini , Paz Luana Pereira , Moser Auristela Duarte de Lima
Published: February 2025

O Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio (IAM) é uma interrupção do fluxo sanguíneo sendo uma obstrução completa ou parcial da artéria coronária responsável por sua irrigação. O IAM é uma lesão no músculo cardíaco, causada pela falta de oxigenação e nutrientes, levando a necrose da área afetada, ocorre uma extensão dessa necrose que depende de fatores como o tamanho da artéria acometida e o tempo de evolução dessa obstrução (ABREU et al., 2021). Os fatores de risco de doenças cardiovasculares, incluindo o Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio, são: tabagismo, etilismo, dislipidemia, hipertensão arterial, diabetes mellitus, obesidade, má alimentação, sedentarismo, estresse, histórico familiar de doenças cardiovasculares, mudanças climáticas, entre outros (Dattoli et al., 2021). O Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio vem sendo a principal causa de mortes no Brasil, com taxas de mortalidade média de 30% quando o paciente não recorre para o tratamento. Metade dos óbitos acontecem em até duas horas após o quadro, e 80% nas primeiras 24 horas, sendo assim grande número dos óbitos ocorrem antes dos atendimentos hospitalares, e além dos óbitos intra-hospitalares o IAM é responsável por quase metade das paradas cardíacas extra hospitalares (Han, 2017).
MELHORA DO CONTROLE GLICÊMICO DE USUÁRIOS COM DIABETES TIPO 2 APÓS CONSULTAS FARMACÊUTICAS EM UMA UNIDADE BÁSICA DE SAÚDE DE CURITIBA, PARANÁ
Authors: Miyamoto Marina Yoshie , Souza Higor Jezreel de , Gouveia Paulo Henrique , Silva Felipe Cotrin da , Oliveira Cristiane da Silva Paula de , Rattmann Yanna Dantas
Published: February 2025

A diabetes mellitus é um grupo de doenças complexas e progressivas, de etiologia multifatorial caracterizadas por uma hiperglicemia sustentada relacionada a defeitos na produção, secreção e/ou ação da insulina. A diabetes é constantemente associada a complicações cardiológicas, neurológicas, renais e vasculares e constituem um importante problema de saúde pública que afeta 537 milhões de pessoas entre 20 e 79 anos mundialmente, e 15,7 milhões só no Brasil. A forma mais prevalente da diabetes mellitus é o tipo 2 (DM2), que responde por 90% do total de casos (Schmidt et al., 2011; IDF, 2021). Segundo dados da Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico (Vigitel), a prevalência de diabetes autorreferida na população brasileira acima de 18 anos subiu de 6,79%, em 2019, para 8,63% em 2021 e 9,8% em 2023 (Brasil, 2023). A tendência de aumento nesses valores tem se mantido para a diabetes em todas as faixas etárias em países em desenvolvimento e acompanha o aumento na prevalência de outras doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (Brasil, 2020). Contribuem com este aumento o envelhecimento populacional, o desenvolvimento econômico, a crescente urbanização, o sedentarismo e o maior consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados e a obesidade (IDF, 2021). Existe ainda uma forte influência da vulnerabilidade social na prevenção e no controle da diabetes e das condições que contribuem para a progressão da doença (Campbell-Scherer, 2023).
INSEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR: A REALIDADE DOS ESTUDANTES UNIVERSITÁRIOS DO SUL DO BRASIL NA PANDEMIA DA COVID-19
Authors: Chela Daniéli , Höfelmann Doroteia Aparecida , Crispim Sandra Patricia , Fraiz Fabian Calixto
Published: February 2025

Estudantes universitários podem enfrentar desafios significativos para assegurar a segurança alimentar durante a pandemia da covid-19. O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar a prevalência de insegurança alimentar entre estudantes de graduação de uma universidade pública no sul do Brasil, durante a pandemia da covid-19, identificando sua associação com fatores socioeconômicos e demográficos. Estudo transversal com dados coletados através de questionário online, abordando condições socioeconômicas, demográficas e a Escala Brasileira de insegurança alimentar (EBIA). A prevalência de insegurança alimentar mostrou-se elevada entre os estudantes de graduação (32,3%), indicando que políticas universitárias devem ser direcionadas a este grupo mais vulnerável.
Numerical and Experimental Investigation into the Resistance of Warship Catamaran at Various Speeds and Separation Distances
Authors: Wulandari Amalia Ika , Utama I. Ketut Aria Pria , Sulisetiyono Aries , Suwarni Endah , Nasir Mochammad , Sumarsono Sumarsono , Ardiansyah Dedy , Putra Vido Dimas Prasetya Darma , Indriaryanto Mahendra , Perdana Arfista Neva Izan , Fitriadhy Ahmad
Published: February 2025

The prioritization of naval vessel construction in Indonesia underscores the nation's commitment to safeguarding its territorial waters. As part of this endeavour, optimizing ship hull design is essential to ensure safety, efficacy and minimize environmental impacts. In line with this objective, Indonesia is currently developing a tank-boat with a catamaran hull configuration, meticulously engineered to navigate diverse maritime environments, from shallow waters to deep seas. To evaluate the performance of this innovative vessel, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is employed for both numerical analysis and practical testing in still-water conditions across various scenarios. The study investigates the effects of lateral separation ratios (S/L) ranging from 0.2 to 0.4 and speed fluctuations represented by the Froude Number spanning from 0.1 to 1.0. The findings from this investigation reveal boat remarkable resilience in still-water situations, particularly when compared to experimental trials. Notably, the results indicate a consistent increase in performance from Froude Number (Fr) 0.1 to 1.0. It is observed that the total resistance coefficient (CT) peaks in still-water conditions at a Froude number (Fr) of 0.5, suggesting optimal performance at this speed. The alignment between CFD predictions and experimental findings, with differences well within acceptable margins, validates the robustness of the computational models. The highest value of the total resistance coefficient (CT) in still water was observed at a Froude number (Fr) of 0.5 across different lateral separation ratios (S/L). It peaked at Fr 0.5 with an S/L of 0.3 in both CFD and experimental analyses. In CFD, the CT value was 18.16 x 10-3, while in the experimental analysis, it was 18.83 x 10-3, indicating discrepancy of 3.68 % which is an excellent agreement between the two methods.
A Bayesian Approach to Inferring Accretion Signatures in Young Stellar Objects: A Case Study with VIRUS*
Authors: Willett Lauren Halstead , Ninan Joe P. , Mahadevan Suvrath , Zeimann Gregory R. , Janowiecki Steven , Hill Gary J.
Published: February 2025

The mass accretion rates of young stellar objects (YSOs) are key to understanding how stars form, how their circumstellar disks evolve, and even how planets form. We develop a Bayesian framework to determine the accretion rates of a sample of 15 YSOs using archival data from the VIRUS spectrograph (R ∼ 800, 3500–5500 Å) on the Hobby–Eberly Telescope. We are publicly releasing our developed tool, dubbed nuts-for-ysos, as a Python package, which can also be applied to other spectroscopic data sets (https://github.com/laurenwillett/nuts-for-ysos). The nuts-for-ysos code fits a simple accretion model to the near-UV and optical continuum of each VIRUS spectrum. Our Bayesian approach aims to identify correlations between model parameters using the No U-Turn Sampler (NUTS). Moreover, this approach self-consistently incorporates all parameter uncertainties, allowing for a thorough estimation of the probability distribution for accretion rate not accomplished in previous works. Using nuts-for-ysos, we derive accretion rates of each YSO. We then verify the reliability of our method by comparing to results separately derived from only the spectral emission lines, and to results from earlier studies of the Lupus, Chamaeleon I, and NGC 1333 regions. Finally, we discuss what qualitative trends, covariances, and degeneracies were found among model parameters. The technique developed in this paper is a useful improvement that can be applied in the future to larger samples of YSOs observed by VIRUS or other spectrographs.
Evidence for Jet/Outflow Shocks Heating the Environment around the Class I Protostellar Source Elias 29: FAUST XXI
Authors: Oya Yoko , Saiga Eri , Miotello Anna , Koutoulaki Maria , Johnstone Doug , Ceccarelli Cecilia , Chandler Claire J. , Codella Claudio , Sakai Nami , Bianchi Eleonora , Bouvier Mathilde , Charnley Steven , Cuello Nicolas , De Simone Marta , Francis Logan , Hanawa Tomoyuki , Jiménez-Serra Izaskun , Loinard Laurent , Menard Francois , Sabatini Giovanni , Vastel Charlotte , Zhang Ziwei , Aikawa Yuri , Alves Felipe O. , Balucani Nadia , Busquet Gemma , Caselli Paola , Caux Emmanuel , Choudhury Spandan , Dulieu Francois , Durán Aurora , Evans Lucy , Fedele Davide , Feng Siyi , Fontani Francesco , Hama Tetsuya , Herbst Eric , Hirano Shingo , Hirota Tomoya , Isella Andrea , Kahane Claudine , Lefloch Bertrand , Le Gal Romane , Liu Hauyu Baobab , López-Sepulcre Ana , Maud Luke T. , Maureira María José , Mercimek Seyma , Moellenbrock George , Mori Shoji , Nomura Hideko , Oba Yasuhiro , O’Donoghue Ross , Ohashi Satoshi , Okoda Yuki , Ospina-Zamudio Juan , Pineda Jaime , Podio Linda , Rimola Albert , Sakai Takeshi , Segura-Cox Dominique , Shirley Yancy , Svoboda Brian , Testi Leonardo , Viti Serena , Watanabe Naoki , Watanabe Yoshimasa , Zhang Yichen , Yamamoto Satoshi
Published: February 2025

We have observed the late Class I protostellar source Elias 29 at a spatial resolution of 70 au with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array as part of the FAUST Large Program. We focus on the line emission of SO, while that of 34SO, C18O, CS, SiO, H13CO+, and DCO+ are used supplementarily. The spatial distribution of the SO rotational temperature (T
rot(SO)) is evaluated by using the intensity ratio of its two rotational excitation lines. Besides in the vicinity of the protostar, two hot spots are found at a distance of 500 au from the protostar; T
rot(SO) locally rises to 53

−
15

+
25

K at the interaction point of the outflow and the southern ridge, and 72

−
29

+
66

K within the southeastern outflow probably due to a jet-driven bow shock. However, the SiO emission is not detected at these hot spots. It is likely that active gas accretion through the disk-like structure and onto the protostar still continues even at this evolved protostellar stage, at least sporadically, considering the outflow/jet activities and the possible infall motion previously reported. Interestingly, T
rot(SO) is as high as 20–30 K even within the quiescent part of the southern ridge apart from the protostar by 500–1000 au without clear kinematic indication of current outflow/jet interactions. Such a warm condition is also supported by the low deuterium fractionation ratio of HCO+ estimated by using the H13CO+ and DCO+ lines. The B-type star HD147889 ∼0.5 pc away from Elias 29, previously suggested as a heating source for this region, is likely responsible for the warm condition of Elias 29.
Asymmetric Temperature Variations In Protoplanetary Disks. I. Linear Theory, Corotating Spirals, and Ring Formation
Authors: Zhu 朱 Zhaohuan 照寰 , Zhang 张 Shangjia 尚嘉 , Johnson Ted M.
Published: February 2025

Protoplanetary disks can exhibit asymmetric temperature variations due to phenomena such as shadows cast by the inner disk or localized heating by young planets. We investigate the disk features induced by these asymmetric temperature variations. We find that spirals are initially excited, and then break into two and reconnect to form rings. By carrying out linear analyses, we first study the spiral launching mechanism and find that the effects of azimuthal temperature variations share similarities with effects of external potentials. Specifically, rotating temperature variations launch steady spiral structures at Lindblad resonances, which corotate with the temperature patterns. When the cooling time exceeds the orbital period, these spiral structures are significantly weakened, and a checkerboard pattern may appear. A temperature variation of about 10% can induce spirals with order unity density perturbations, comparable to those generated by a thermal mass planet. We then study ring formation and find it is related to the coupling between azimuthal temperature variations and spirals outside the resonances. Such coupling leads to a radially varying angular momentum flux, which produces anomalous wave-driven accretion and forms dense rings separated by the wavelength of the waves. Finally, we speculate that spirals induced by temperature variations may contribute to disk accretion through nonlinear wave steepening and dissipation. Overall, considering that irradiation determines the temperature structure of protoplanetary disks, the change of irradiation both spatially or/and temporarily may produce observable effects in protoplanetary disks, especially spirals and rings in outer disks beyond tens of au.
A data-driven approach for predicting remaining intra-surgical time and enhancing operating room efficiency
Authors: Ramadan Saleem , Abu-Shams Mohammad , Al-Dahidi Sameer , Odeh Ibrahim , Almasarwah Najat
Published: February 2025

Purpose: Efficient scheduling in Operating Rooms (ORs) is essential for optimizing corresponding costs and enhancing customer satisfaction in healthcare systems.Design/methodology/approach: Conventional static scheduling methods rely on fixed historical surgery times and often lead to inefficient resource utilization and increased costs due to inaccurate predictions of surgical durations. In this regard, this paper introduces an innovative method that employs Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to predict the remaining intra-surgical time through binary classification for the Gallbladder Dissection phase and to dynamically manage OR schedules. The study, although focused on laparoscopic cholecystectomy procedures, demonstrates a method adaptable to other laparoscopic surgeries. The dataset comprises labeled laparoscopic cholecystectomy videos (time labels for different phases) used to train and evaluate the CNN.Findings: Results show that the proposed method reduces patient waiting times by an average of 87.3% and eliminates OR idle time compared to traditional fixed-time scheduling methods.Originality/value: The innovative aspect of this study lies in the use of CNNs to forecast surgery completion times, enabling nurses to prepare the next patient promptly and allowing for dynamic rescheduling when surgeries run late or finish early. This combination significantly improves OR utilization efficiency and boosts patient satisfaction.
Les originations de la géométrie. Les problèmes posés par le singulier dans le titre de Husserl
Authors: Bernard Julien
Published: February 2025

Le programme d’archéologie de la géométrie, ouvert par les derniers textes husserliens, mérite d’être poursuivi en remettant l’accent sur les discontinuités historiques. Les révolutions qu’a connues la géométrie ont entraîné de profondes mutations de sens. En effet, les archi-fondements de la géométrie n’ont pas été posés sous une forme définitive au moment de la première institution factuelle de la géométrie, celle de la géométrie grecque. Plutôt, la pluralité des formes historiques de la géométrie ne consiste pas seulement en un mouvement de généralisation des axiomes, mais également de réforme des archi-fondements eux-mêmes. Nous le montrerons sur l’exemple de deux révolutions importantes : 1) la découverte des géométries non-euclidiennes et 2) le passage à une géométrie différentielle et à une métrique dynamique ; tout en insistant sur les difficultés philosophiques posées par ces deux moments de ré-originations. Ces études seront précédées d’une section introductive à la phénoménologie historique et à l’architecture des strates originaires de la géométrie ; afin d’acquérir les outils conceptuels et le vocabulaire nécessaires aux études de la dernière section.
Naturaliser la genèse des idéalités géométriques
Authors: Millot Nicolas
Published: February 2025

Nous nous proposons dans cet article de revenir sur
un débat, ouvert il y a plusieurs décennies, autour de la question de
la naturalisation de la phénoménologie. Nous tentons de déterminer
plus particulièrement le sens que prend ce projet de naturalisation
dans le cadre de l’étude de l’origine et des fondements de la
géométrie. Pour ce faire nous suivons le plan suivant : nous
commençons par revenir brièvement sur le débat qui entoure la
possibilité de naturaliser les descriptions phénoménologiques et sur
les différents problèmes conceptuels posés par cette tentative de
naturalisation. Nous en venons ensuite à l’objet spécifique de
l’article. Dans un premier temps, nous passons en revue les principaux
cadres théoriques au sein des sciences cognitives pour une analyse
naturaliste de la genèse des idéalités géométriques. Dans un second
temps, nous montrons que ces approches sont en partie théoriquement
incompatibles avec la genèse des idéalités géométriques telle qu’elle
est conçue par Husserl et nous extrayons de celle-ci trois contraintes
devant guider toute tentative de naturalisation. Dans un dernier
temps, nous présentons un programme pour la réalisation d’une telle
naturalisation nous appuyant sur des recherches en cours.
Husserl’s Crisis Text and the Spatial Turn in Philosophy of Science
Authors: Tharakan Koshy , George Vidya Mary
Published: February 2025

The Crisis of European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology (Crisis) marks the culmination of Husserl’s Genetic Phenomenology and the beginning of a new philosophy of science, one that viewed science not as a fact but as a problem that needed philosophical understanding. For Husserl, the crisis of Galilean Science is born out of the severance of its relation to the life-world and the erroneous identification of “Nature” with its constituted mathematical or quantifiable object. In the phenomenological philosophy of science, science is a tradition formed through human praxis, like any other cultural enterprise. Objectivity in scientific praxis is a regulative principle constituted by the consensus of judgements of the scientific community. The continuity of scientific knowledge shows in its unity of propagated transference of meaning, the sedimentation of which is carried through language. Despite the scientific world being ontologically grounded in the life-world, Husserl sought to preserve the autonomy of both worlds. To fully appreciate the implications of Husserl’s contribution to the philosophy of science, this paper identifies the ‘spatial turn’ that Husserl brought in through his “less mathematical, more physical” notion of life-world with the 90° shift in the social studies of science that Latour proposed. The life-world fuses “Nature” and “Society” as one ontological entity that gives rise to science, moving away from a one-dimensional science that kept the ontology of science grounded in one of those poles alone. Despite the limits of Husserlian phenomenological epistemology, Crisis radically departed from positivism, the then-official philosophy of science, embracing historicity and language to broaden our discourse on science and even coming close to certain later developments in Philosophy of Science. Husserl’s meditations on spatiality also urged a transition to the contemporary understanding of space, opening possibilities of dialogue with Foucault.
Implementing Critical Language Pedagogy Through Sustainable Development Goals in Foreign Language Teaching
Authors: Villegas-Troya Cristina
Published: February 2025

The Critical Language Pedagogy (CLP) approach is applied as a way of bringing language teaching as a social phenomenon towards the development of critical thinking, social transformation, analysis of social inequalities and promotion of social justice, among others. On the other hand, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) appeared as a way to raise awareness among the global population for a better future through social change and partnership building for 2030 (2030 Agenda). This chapter presents an interdisciplinary case study for the Development of Communicative Competence in a foreign language classroom. The case study presents a qualitative inquiry divided into two sections: a survey to language students about the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and a written production (or an oral production with written support) to bring the SDGs closer to the students at the same time the CLP approach is applied. This would raise awareness among the young population, making them agents of change while improving their foreign language communication skills.
Scaffolding as Critical Language Pedagogy for Bilingual Education
Authors: Morcillo López María Rosario , López-Cirugeda Isabel , Sánchez-Ruiz Raquel
Published: February 2025

The term scaffolding has been used over the past few decades as a metaphor to explain a theoretical way of constructing in the field of education, particularly centered in language learning and teaching. This chapter analyzes the use of this pedagogical concept and its connection to Critical Language Pedagogy (CLP) in bilingual education as understood nowadays. For this goal, both the origins of the term scaffolding itself and the state of the arts are traced back, together with a subsequent revision of the current branches or types and classification of scaffolding. Finally, the different ways in which scaffolding may act as a relevant and helpful pedagogical learning tool within CLP in bilingual education are explained.
Critical Language Teaching Through Tasks
Authors: Rodrigues do Ó Wesley Nóbrega , da Silva Leonardo , D'Ely Raquel Carolina Souza Ferraz
Published: February 2025

This chapter explores the integration of Critical Language Pedagogy (CLP) and Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) through the lens of Brazilian public school English teachers. The study investigates how these educators appraise a critical task cycle designed to promote critical language development by focusing on gender representation in society. Data was collected from twenty teachers across two Brazilian states, who analyzed the task cycle and provided feedback through questionnaires and interviews. Findings reveal that most teachers highlighted positive aspects of the task regarding its critical theme and recognized the potential of the task cycle to foster critical learning. However, some challenges were noted, including potential students' resistance to the theme and the inappropriateness of the material for certain teaching contexts. The study underscores the relevance of TBLT and CLP in teacher (initial and continued) education programs. Future research is suggested to better understand the dynamics of implementing critical tasks in diverse educational contexts.
Critical Consciousness on X Platform
Authors: Chen Suling , Husniyah Af'idatul
Published: February 2025

Critical Language Pedagogy (CLP) plays a crucial role in unravelling power dynamics within language education. To explore these, Freire's concept of dialogue is employed to examine the critical consciousness in the language use of Chinese and Indonesian English users on the X platform (formerly Twitter). A total of 60 tweets were analyzed using Braun and Clarke's (2012) Thematic Analysis. The study revealed both similarities and differences in how critical consciousness is constructed in these contexts. While both Chinese and Indonesian users exhibit critical thinking as a common feature, their attitudes diverge significantly. Chinese users generally express a confident yet cautious tone when discussing women's social status and rights, reflecting pride in achievements and hope for the future while acknowledging past and present challenges. In contrast, Indonesian users, particularly in interactions with fellow Indonesians, express dissatisfaction with women's positions, with a notable theme of hopelessness emerging in their communications.
An Improved YOLO Model for Kiwifruit Detection
Authors: Xia Yi , Nguyen Minh , Yan Wei Qi
Published: February 2025

Agriculture is paramount to food industry, with Kiwifruit significantly contributing to New Zealand's exports. Traditional Kiwifruit harvesting methods predominantly rely on human labour. In this book chapter, we address the challenges of fruits overlapping and lossing in Kiwifruit detection by proposing a fruit detection model that integrates an attention mechanism into the YOLOv8 framework. This integration enhances the model in detecting overlapping and small Kiwifruits. Additionally, we replace the YOLOv8 loss function with the Focal-EIoU loss function to mitigate the loss value oscillation caused by using low-quality samples and the incorrect enlargement of edge lengths. Based on the dataset we collected, our proposed method demonstrates superior detection accuracy, as evidenced by comparative and ablation experiments, achieving a mAP0.5@IoU up to 0.942. The results validate the effectiveness of our approach and provide valuable insights for implementing agricultural automation for Kiwifruit producers.
Why Go Digital?
Authors: Can Taner
Published: February 2025

Since the rise of New Criticism in the 1920s, literary studies has undergone various theoretical ‘turns'—linguistic, historicist, cultural, and others—that have transformed the field. Despite these innovations, the method of analysis has remained largely unchanged, with close reading still central to scholarly practice. However, the vast amount of data available through e-archives has rendered close reading obsolete as a sole method of literary analysis. Big data and computational technologies are revolutionizing the field, particularly through computational distant reading, which can analyze large corpora in a fraction of the time. These tools provide statistical data for deeper research and have sparked a revisionist approach to literary history. By handling massive datasets, digital literary studies allows for more exhaustive research than ever before. This chapter explores the advantages of this digital turn, emphasizing its crucial, if not inevitable, role in the future of literary studies.
Factors influencing smartphone overdependence in university students: an ecological model: a descriptive study
Authors: Yu Jeong Soon , Kwon Myung Soon
Published: February 2025

Purpose: This study investigated the factors influencing smartphone overdependence in university students using an ecological model and descriptive research.Methods: Data were collected from 482 students at 13 universities in the six regions in South Korea from October 20, 2020, to March 25, 2021. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, the chi-square test, the independent samples t-test, analysis of variance, and hierarchical multiple regression.Results: The significant ecological factors influencing smartphone overdependence included self-awareness of smartphone overdependence (β=.33, p<.001), autonomy (β=–.25, p<.001), average daily smartphone usage time (β=.18, p<.001), gender (β=.15, p=.001), college year (β=.15, p=.020), forming relationships with others as a motivation for smartphone use (β=–.15, p=.008), friend support (β=.14, p=.006), and age (β=–.12, p=.047). The model explained 34.9% of the variance.Conclusion: The study emphasized the role of personal and interpersonal factors, in smartphone overdependence among university students. Tailored intervention strategies are necessary to address smartphone overdependence, considering the unique characteristics of students’ environments. A significant aspect of this study is that it provides an explanation of the multidimensional factors contributing to smartphone overdependence among university students, including intrapersonal, interpersonal, and environmental influences.
[Manual handling, suitability for work and musculoskeletal disorders in healthcare workers at Sondrio Hospital]
Authors: Petracca Matteo , Bongiorni Massimo , Bertoletti Riccardo , Villa Luciano , Candura Stefano M.
Published: February 2025

Musculo-skeletal disorders (MSD) are a large group of locomotor system pathologies with multifactorial etiology. Healthcare professionals are often exposed to biomechanical overload of the spine and upper limb, for example during patient handling, and represent a working population at risk. In order to acquire further knowledge on this subject, we conducted a cross-sectional study (year 2016) among healthcare workers (excluding physicians) of the Sondrio Hospital (Italy), investigating the correlations between manual handling, MDS and job fitness. The sample examined included 667 subjects (74 males and 593 females, mean age: 50 years): 557 (83.5%) certified fully "fit for the job", 109 (16.3%) "partially fit" (with limitations and/or prescriptions), and one "not fit" female worker. Eighty-seven of the 109 partial fitnesses (79.8%) were related to manual handling. In turn, 76 of the 87 limitations/ prescriptions for manual handling (87.4%) were due to the presence of musculo-skeletal disorders (accompanied by instrumental diagnosis, and often associated with each other), especially of the lumbo-sacral tract, to a lesser extent of the cervical spine, shoulder or other body districts. Associations between partial job fitness and worker operative units have not been observed.The data indicate that, among healthcare workers, the biomechanical overload of the limbs and the spine, and the related MSD, are the health problems that most often come to the attention of the occupational physician, posing delicate problems for the "fitness to job" certification. The observed lack of correlation with the operative unit is an expression of the tendency to relocate staff with MSD in tasks at lower biomechanical risk.​
[Monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance (MGUS) and occupational risk factors: criteria for implementing health surveillance]
Authors: Taino Giuseppe , Bordini Lorenzo , Sarto Cecilia , Porro Sara , Chirico Francesco , Oddone Enrico , Imbriani Marcello
Published: February 2025

Introduction. Monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance (MGUS) identifies a clinically asymptomatic and laboratory-based situation characterized by a modest monoclonal component (MC). In a limited percentage of cases, on a probabilistic basis, the asymptomatic premalignant stage could lead to multiple myeloma (MM).Materials and Methods. Based on literature data and available Guidelines on the subject, the diagnostic criteria and a methodological path are here suggested to the Occupational Physician to formulate a judgment of suitability for the task with exposure risk to RI or pesticides.Results. Some studies have evaluated the prevalence of MGUS in subjects exposed professionally to pesticides. Numerous other studies conducted on the survivors of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki have highlighted a possible association with exposure to ionizing radiation (IR). The guidelines relating to the diagnosis and management of MGUS cases (with respect to the potential evolution in MM allow) to draw important operational indications for the competent/authorized physician. Conclusions. The routinely use of laboratory tests for subjects exposed to the studied risk factors is generally indicated starting from the worker's 50 years of age. The finding of a MGUS in the absence of further laboratory alterations represents the situation most frequently and does not require further measures, other than those of foreseeing even blood controls at least every two years. In this situation, there are no justified restrictions on work activities with exposure risks to IR or pesticides.If alterations suggestive for an increased risk of evolution in a neoplastic way could be identified, a close periodicity - every 3-6 months - of haematological checks is recommended. In these cases, it appears justified an abstention from activities involving exposure to ionizing radiation for a period of time that will be evaluated based on the evolution of the framework and by the progress of laboratory tests in the monitored period.
[Risk perception and personality: research in the transport business]
Authors: Cafagna Dario , Barattucci Massimiliano
Published: February 2025

Introduction. Socio-demographics, work, and emotional factors, together with experience of specific hazards, seem to play a joint role in the process of risk perception. Objective. The present study of 96 transport sector workers was carried out with the aim of verifying the role of personality in emotional states that moderate the process of risk perception and, more particularly, the perception of qualitative aspects of risk. Methods. The research, with a correlational design, analysed the personalities of the workers (measured through the Big Five Questionnaire), demographics and work factors, qualitative aspects of risk, perceived risk level, and other variables of interest, measured through ad hoc scales and items. The study was aimed at evaluating the existence of a relationship between perception of the qualitative aspects of risk and the following 12 variables: (Hpl) personality, (Hp2) socio-demographic variables, (Hp3) self-perceived knowledge of safety regulations, (Hp4) satisfaction, (Hp5) perceived quality of life.Results. The results only partially confirmed the Hpl, and not for all the risk dimensions; moreover, they confürmed that age and length of service lead to a "presumption of control" effect (Hp2), while no gender differences were found. The Hp3 and Hps hypotheses were not confirmed, while satisfaction was a good predictor of the global level of perceived risk.Conclusions. Jointly, personality factors are excellent predictors of specific qualitative risk dimensions, but it will be important to regularly verify their role and contribution in the emotional factors that affect the perception of risk.
Assessment of eVIN (Electronic Vaccine Intelligence Network) in utility and constraints of various stakeholders in Nainital District: A mixed method study
Authors: Chaudhary Kunal , Awasthi Sadhana , Kanubhai Thakkar H. , Maroof Mohd. , Preeti
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Vaccines are important tools in the fight against many diseases for which eVIN was created. eVIN is working exceptionally, but the remaining gaps (electronic or non-electronic generated) are still present and cannot be assessed solely by the quantitative method. Thus, the objective of the present study was to assess the eVIN (Electronic Vaccine Intelligence Network) in utility and constraints of various stakeholders in Nainital District: A mixed method study. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 8 available stakeholders in district Nainital, Uttarakhand. Open-ended KII was conducted individually. Results: Key informants comprised eight Stakeholders (7 medical officers in charge and one senior medical officer). The informants had a mean age of 40 ± 8 years with a mean experience of 10 ± 5 years. Big changes and benefits to the immunization program from eVIN were stated by all the stakeholders. The lacunas that remained and need further lookout, were the funds (for minor maintenance and purchase), the capacity building, more technical training, and the regular practices of vaccination. While in low-lying areas there were no major issues stated but for high altitude blocks, all stated persisting facing issues of road accessibility, mobile network, and CCE wear and tear, which makes them tough to carry for outreach sessions on foot. Thus, the findings suggest positive changes in the regions of vaccine usage, stock management distribution, and documentation. However, an Unreliable power supply at public health centers appears to be a continuous major challenge in maintaining the recommended temperature range. Adherence to good storage and handling practices, Supportive supervision, regular training, and budgetary provisions require the attention of higher-level management.
Recent advancements in tuberculosis (TB) treatment regimens
Authors: Ravikoti Shyamala , Bhatia Vikas , Mohanasundari Saykkulandai Kuppuswamy
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health challenge, with an estimated 10.6 million new cases and 1.3 million deaths in 2022. Recent years have seen a 3.9% increase in TB incidence, reversing prior declines. Drug-resistant TB poses significant hurdles, with multidrug-resistant (MDR) and rifampicin-resistant (RR) TB affecting 410,000 individuals, yet only 175,650 were diagnosed and treated. Advances in TB treatment include the World Health Organization’s recommended 6-month BPaLM regimen (Bedaquiline, Pretomanid, Linezolid, Moxifloxacin), demonstrating 89% treatment success for MDR/RR-TB cases. Innovative diagnostics like molecular tests, IGRA, CAD for chest radiography, and new skin tests enhance detection accuracy. Vaccine development is promising, with 16 candidates in clinical trials. Emerging drugs and regimens aim to shorten treatment duration and improve outcomes. This article reviews recent advancements in TB treatment regimens, diagnostics, and vaccines, emphasizing the importance of these innovations in addressing drug-resistant TB and improving global TB control efforts.
Patients’ satisfaction with primary healthcare (PHC) services at King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alhinti Sara F. , Altulaihi Bader A. , Abdulmajeed Imad
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:

Patients’ satisfaction is a significant indicator for healthcare quality and has been linked to better patient–provider relationship, better treatment compliance, and thus better overall healthcare outcome. Moreover, it allows healthcare leaders to recognize the unmet needs of patients and spot areas which require further improvement to make necessary changes. This study aims to measure the level of patients’ satisfaction with primary health care (PHC) clinics at King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, as well as to identify factors that influence it.

Methodology:

This is a cross-sectional observational study conducted at four major PHC clinics at KAMC. A total of 386 participants completed a modified prevalidated self-administered questionnaire. Forward–backward translation was performed to assess translation accuracy. A pilot study was performed on 20 participants before the official distribution of the questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 23.0. Associations between patients’ characteristics and satisfaction was assessed using the Chi-square test of proportion. A P value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

Most of the respondents gave a positive rating when it comes to the time required to find an appointment (78.5%). In addition, the majority positively rated their consultation with the primary care doctor. For supportive services, higher satisfaction was observed for radiology and pharmacy services compared to laboratory services. Among patients who experienced a virtual consultation, 77.4% positively rated their experience. Gender, age, area of residence, having chronic conditions, as well as the number of PHC visits per year were found to be significantly associated with the overall satisfaction.

Conclusion:

Satisfaction with PHC centers at KAMC is excellent when it comes to accessibility, consultation experience, and overall service. Satisfaction with laboratory wait time and staff adequacy was lower compared to other supportive services which indicates a need for further improvement in this area.