bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potential Impact on Using Aspirin as the Primary Prevention of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Twins conceived using ART: A Retrospective Case-Control Study in A Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Huang Dongni , Xie Yao , Duan Pingmei , Wang Jiaxin , Xu Jiacheng , Qi Hongbo , Luo Xin
Published: October 2023

With the development of assisted reproductive technology, the number of twin pregnancies is increasing year by year. Given the increased risk of pregnancy complications associated with twin pregnancies, and the fact that these babies are rare and difficult to obtain through assisted reproductive technology, clinicians urgently need to find effective and safe drugs to improve pregnancy outcomes. Aspirin can not only promote placental blood supply, but also effectively anti-inflammatory. Whether aspirin can effectively reduce the risk of pregnancy complications in this special group needs to be clarified. We therefore retrospectively analyzed 665 twin pregnancies from assisted reproduction technology, grouped according to aspirin use, and followed pregnancy outcomes to assess bleeding risk. Aspirin was found to be effective in preventing hypertensive disorders of pregnancy without a significant risk of bleeding. However, aspirin does not prevent specific complication in twins and may increase the incidence of uterine artery embolization, which should alarm clinicians should not blindly using aspirin in this particular group.
A new thread-level speculative automatic parallelization model and library based on duplicate code execution
Authors: Martinez Millán A. , Fraguela Basilio B. , Cabaleiro José C. , Rivera Francisco F.
Published: October 2023

Loop-efficient automatic parallelization has become increasingly relevant due to the growing number of cores in current processors and the programming effort needed to parallelize codes in these systems efficiently. However, automatic tools fail to extract all the available parallelism in irregular loops with indirections, race conditions or potential data dependency violations, among many other possible causes. One of the successful ways to automatically parallelize these loops is the use of speculative parallelization techniques. This paper presents a new model and the corresponding C++ library that supports the speculative automatic parallelization of loops in shared memory systems, seeking competitive performance and scalability while keeping user effort to a minimum. The primary speculative strategy consists of redundantly executing chunks of loop iterations in a duplicate fashion. Namely, each chunk is executed speculatively in parallel to obtain results as soon as possible and sequentially in a different thread to validate the speculative results. The implementation uses C++11 threads and it makes intensive use of templates and advanced multithreading techniques. An evaluation based on various benchmarks confirms that our proposal provides a competitive level of performance and scalability.
Primary Care Physicians’ Experiences of Obesity Counseling and Management in Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Populations.
Authors: Bader Husam , Maghnam Rama , Barham Husam , Maghnam Joud , Abu-Sulb Ahmad
Published: October 2023

-Objective: The purpose of the study was to explore Primary care physicians’ experiences and perspectives of obesity counseling and management of culturally and linguistically diverse populations (CALD). Particularly in reference to Spanish speaking patients with low English proficiency (LEP).
-Methods: Semi-structured interviews were employed to achieve the aim of this study. 27 interviews were conducted. Participants were recruited from medical practices in Bernalillo county, New Mexico and Monmouth county, New Jersey. All participants provided primary care in clinics with a large proportion of LEP individuals. Of the 27 physicians, 17 were males and 10 were females. 23 physicians were trained in Internal Medicine and 4 were trained in Family medicine. All providers were either American board certified or board eligible. All interviews were conducted in English while encounters were audio taped. All transcripts were de-identified, followed by inductive thematic analysis.
-Results: On average, interviews lasted 14 minutes. Thematic analysis of the interview transcripts identified 5 key themes: time constraints, chief complaint prioritization, lack of knowledge on access pathways, limited health literacy, and physician bias.
-Conclusion: Physicians perceived obesity counseling and management in culturally and linguistically diverse patients to be more challenging. Barriers identified included time constraints, chief complaint prioritization and physician bias.
Cultural competence training for healthcare professionals, setting up follow-up appointments specifically to initiate obesity counseling, or considering referrals to a dedicated obesity clinic to primarily manage obesity may address the management gaps of for obesity in CALD patients. In addition, physicians’ education on billing and insurance reimbursement related to obesity can help providers better navigate counseling and management of this population.
Subtelomeric plasticity contributes to gene family expansion in the human parasitic flatworm Schistosoma mansoni
Authors: Brann Toby , Anna Beltramini , Chaparro Cristian , Berriman Matt , Doyle Steve , Protasio Anna
Published: October 2023

Background
The genomic region that lies between the telomere and chromosome body, termed the subtelomere, is heterochromatic, repeat-rich, and frequently undergoes rearrangement. Within this region, large-scale structural changes enable gene diversification, and, as such, large multicopy gene families are often found at the subtelomere. In some parasites, genes associated with proliferation, invasion, and survival are often found in these regions, where they benefit from the subtelomere's highly plastic, rapidly changing nature. The increasing availability of complete (or near complete) parasite genomes provides an opportunity to investigate these typically poorly defined and overlooked genomic regions and potentially reveal relevant gene families necessary for the parasite’s lifestyle.
Results
Using the latest chromosome-scale genome assembly and hallmark repeat richness observed at chromosome termini, we have identified and characterised the subtelomeres of Schistosoma mansoni, a metazoan parasitic flatworm that infects over 250 million people worldwide. Approximately 10.5% of the S. mansoni genome is classified as subtelomeric, and, in line with other organisms, we find these regions to be gene-poor but rich in transposable elements. We find that S. mansoni subtelomeres have undergone extensive interchromosomal exchange and that these sites disproportionately contribute to the 2.3% of the genome derived from segmental duplications. This recombination has led to the expansion of subtelomeric gene clusters containing 103 genes, including the immunomodulatory annexins and other gene families with unknown roles. The largest of these is a 49-copy “plexin domain-containing protein” cluster, exclusively expressed in the tegument - the tissue located at the host-parasite physical interface - of intramolluscan life stages.
Conclusions
We propose that subtelomeric regions act as a genomic playground for trial-and-error of gene duplication and subsequent divergence. Owing to the importance of subtelomeric genes in other parasites, gene families implicated in this subtelomeric expansion within S. mansoni warrant further characterisation for a potential role in parasitism.
Observational constraints of fire, environmental and anthropogenic on pantropical tree cover
Authors: Kelley Douglas , Gerard France , Dong Ning , Burton Chantelle , Argles Arthur , Li Guangqi , Whitley Rhys , Marthews Toby , Roberston Eddy , Weedon Graham , Lasslop Gitta , Ellis Richard , Bistinas Ioannis , Veendendaal Elmar
Published: October 2023

Explaining tropical tree cover distribution in areas of intermediate rainfall is challenging, with fire’s role in limiting tree cover particularly controversial. We use a novel Bayesian approach to provide observational constraints on the strength of the influence of humans, fire, rainfall seasonality, heat stress, and wind throw on tropical tree cover. Rainfall has the largest relative impact on tree cover (11.6-39.6%), followed by direct human pressures (29.8-36.8%), heat stress (10.5-23.3%) and rainfall seasonality (6.3-22.8%). Fire has a smaller impact (0.2-3.2%) than other stresses, increasing to 0.3-5.2% when excluding human influence. However, we found a potential vulnerability of eastern Amazon and Indonesian forests to fire, with up to 2% forest loss for a 1% increase in burnt area. Our results suggest that vegetation models should focus on fire development for emerging fire regimes in tropical forests and revisit the linkages between rainfall, non-fire disturbances, land use and broad-scale vegetation distributions.
Butyrylcholinesterase activity in patients with postoperative delirium after cardiothoracic surgery or percutaneous valve replacement- an observational interdisciplinary cohort study
Authors: Schlake Konstantin , Teller Johannes , Hinken Lukas , Laser Hans , Lichtinghagen Ralf , Schaefer Andreas , Fegbeutel Christine , Weissenborn Karin , Jung Carolin , Worthmann Hans , Gabriel Maria Magdalena
Published: October 2023

Background and objectives
Postoperative delirium (POD) is a frequent and severe complication after cardiac surgery. Activity of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) has been discussed controversially regarding a possible role in POD-development. This study aimed to investigate the relevance of BChE activity as a biomarker for POD after cardiac surgery or percutaneous valve replacement.
Methods
237 patients who received elective cardiothoracic surgery or percutaneous valve replacement at a tertiary care centre were preoperatively enrolled, clinically characterised and screened for POD twice daily for three days. BChE-activity was measured at three defined time points before and after surgery.
Results
POD occurred in 39.7% of patients (n=94). Univariate analysis showed an association of pre- and postoperative BChE-activity with POD (p=0.037, p=0.001). There was no association of POD and the decline in BChE-activity (pre- to postoperative, p=0.327). Multivariable analysis of POD including either preoperative or postoperative BChE-activity as well as age, MoCA, type two diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, type of surgery and intraoperative administration of red-cell concentrates (RCCs) was performed. Neither preoperative nor postoperative BChE-activity was independently associated with the occurrence of POD (p=0.086, p=0.484). Preoperative BChE-activity was lower in older patients (B= -12.38 (95% CI: -21.94 to -2.83), p=0.011), and in those with a history of stroke (B=-516.173 (95% CI: -893.927 to -138.420), p=0.008) or alcohol abuse (B=-451.47 (95% CI: -868.38 to -34.55), p=0.034). Lower postoperative BChE-activity was independently associated with longer procedures (B= -461.90 (95% CI: -166.34 to -757.46), p=0.002), use of cardiopulmonary bypass (B= -262.04 (95% CI: -485.68 to -38.39), p=0.022), the number of administered RCCs (B= -40.99 (95% CI: -67.86 to -14.12), p=0.003) and older age (B= -9.35 (95% CI: -16.04 to -2.66), p=0.006).
Conclusion
BChE-activity is not independently associated with the occurrence of POD. Preoperative BChE values are related to patients’ morbidity and vulnerability, while postoperative activities reflect the severity, length and complications of surgery.
Parametrically-excited laser-plasma acceleration
Authors: Fuchs Matthias , Zhang Ping , Jensen Kyle , Robinson Matthew , Fan Yunhao , Banerjee Sudeep , Gergely Bret , Hu Tian , Hyun Megan , Kawamoto Timothy , Larson Lake , Wang Junzhi , Umstadter Donald , Shadwick Bradley , Centurion Martin
Published: October 2023

Laser-plasma accelerators (LPAs) generate high-quality relativistic electron beams from orders-of-magnitude shorter acceleration distances than conventional radio-frequency technology1–4. Most current LPAs require driver lasers with relativistic intensities and pulse lengths significantly shorter than the plasma wavelength5–7, which severely limits LPA operation and applications. Here, we report a novel parametrically-excited LPA (PEPA) regime based on direct plasma wave excitation, which markedly relaxes the driver laser requirements and exhibits a laser to electron-beam energy conversion efficiency and accelerated charge per laser energy ratio that are unprecedented for gas-phase targets. We experimentally demonstrate highly reproducible generation of mildly relativistic electron bunches with nearly 10 nC of charge from a gas target with ultrahigh accelerating fields of more than 2 TV/m. The LPA operates at near quarter-critical plasma density and uses a driver laser with 37 fs pulse duration (several plasma wavelengths long) and only 120 mJ pulse energy. Our results demonstrate a novel LPA concept operating in a widely unexplored regime that holds the promise for efficient widespread ultracompact high-repetition rate particle accelerators and secondary sources with applications spanning from fundamental research, industry, and medicine to energy sciences.
Impact of sodium bentonite and aluminum sulfate as feeding and litter management protocols on nutrient digestibility in starter noiler chicken production
Authors: EZENWOSU CELESTINE chima , Anselm Onyimonyi E. , Valentine U , Romanus Ezeokonkwo C.
Published: October 2023

Impact of sodium bentonite and aluminum sulfate as feeding and litter management protocols on nutrient digestibility in starter noiler chicken production was investigated. A total of 240 mixed sexed of day-old chicks of noiler birds at two weeks of age were allotted to 6 dietary treatments in a 3X2 factorial arrangement in CRD with 5 replicates of 8 birds each. The treatments were as follows: T1= 0 g NaB /kg diet + 0 g alum/3kg litter, T2= 15g NaB /kg diet+0 g alum /3kg litter, T3= 30g NaB /kg diet + 0g alum/3kg litter, T4= 0 g NaB /kg diet + 400g alum /3kg litter, T5=15 g NaB /kg diet+400g alum/3kg litter and T6= 30 g NaB /kg diet + 400g alum/3kg litter respectively. Statistical analysis of data collected showed that % nutrient digestibility values (Dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, fiber, nitrogen free extract) were lower in treatment groups than in control groups. It was concluded that treatment at 15g NaB/kg diet + 400 g alum/3kg litter can be applied to improve nutrient digestibility in avian species.
Perspectives of people with schizophrenia on clinical outcome scales and patient-reported outcome measures: a qualitative study
Authors: Sawada Utako , Matsunaga Asami , Taneda Ayano , Sasaki Natsu , Yamaguchi Sosei
Published: October 2023

Background
Over the past half-century, numerous scales have been designed to quantify outcomes in people with severe mental health disorders. However, little is known about the views of people diagnosed with schizophrenia regarding individual outcome scales, particularly outside of European countries.
Aim
We conducted this qualitative study to examine people with schizophrenia perspectives concerning multiple scales in Japan.
Methods
There were 11 participants in this study. There were some had extensive experience as mental health peer supporters and others had no such experience. To address potential power imbalances and facilitate dynamic discourse, participants were intentionally divided into two groups - peer support experience and without - and conducted simultaneous two-hour focus group interviews in separate rooms. Participants reviewed 12 clinical and patient-reported outcome measures and discussed their views on each measure. Interview data for each group were combined prior to analysis and qualitatively analyzed by four researchers using a thematic analysis approach.
Results
The average age of the participants was 42.7 years (SD = 8.3), and six were male. On average, the participants had been living with schizophrenia for 22.2 years (SD = 11.1). After analyzing the interview data, the following five themes were identified, each containing two to seven subthemes: A) validity and format of the scale construct, B) factors affecting the accuracy of responses, C) plain language and familiar words in Japanese culture, D) psychological impact on the respondents, and E) containing important items in the life of people with schizophrenia.
Conclusion
The participants provided both favorable and unfavorable feedback regarding each scale. When implementing research utilizing clinical outcome scales and patient-reported outcome measures, researchers must exercise caution considering the potential emotional impact on respondents. Furthermore, scale development should take into account the cultural background and psychological burden experienced by the respondents.
A conditional mutation in a wheat (Triticum aestivum) gene regulating root morphology.
Authors: Delhaize Emmanuel , Zeng Deying , Ford Brett , Doležel Jaroslav , Karafiátová Miroslava , Hayden Mathew J. , Rathjen Tina M. , George Timothy S. , Brown Lawrie K. , Ryan Peter R. , Pettolino Filomena A. , Mathesius Ulrike
Published: October 2023

Root morphology is central to plants for the efficient uptake up of soil water and mineral nutrients. Here we describe a conditional mutant of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum) that when grown in soil with high Ca2+, develops a larger rhizosheath accompanied with shorter roots than the wild type. In wheat, rhizosheath size is a reliable surrogate for root hair length and this was verified in the mutant which possessed longer root hairs than the wild type when grown in high Ca2+ soil. We named the mutant Stumpy and showed it to be due to a single semi-dominant mutation. The short root phenotype at high Ca2+ was due to reduced cellular elongation which might also explain the long root hair phenotype. Analysis of root cell walls showed that the polysaccharide composition of Stumpy roots is remodelled when grown at non-permissive (high) Ca2+ concentrations. The mutation mapped to chromosome 7B and sequencing of the 7B chromosomes in both wild type and Stumpy identified a candidate gene underlying the Stumpy mutation. As part of the process to determine if the candidate gene was causative, we identified wheat lines in a Cadenza TILLING population with large rhizosheaths but accompanied with normal root length. This finding illustrates the potential of manipulating the gene to disconnect root length from root hair length as a means of developing wheat lines with improved efficiency of nutrient and water uptake. The Stumpy mutant will be valuable for understanding the mechanisms that regulate root morphology in wheat.
Evaluation of total dissolved solids in rivers by improved neuro fuzzy approaches using metaheuristic algorithms
Authors: Jannatkhah Mahdieh , Davarpanah Rouhollah , Fakouri Bahman , Kisi Ozgur
Published: October 2023

Substantial deterioration of surface water quality, mainly caused by human activities and climate change, makes the assessment of water quality a global priority. Thus, in this study, four metaheuristic algorithms, namely the particle swarm optimization (PSO), differential evolution (DE), ant colony optimization algorithm (ACOR), and genetic algorithm (GA), were employed to improve the performance of the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) in the evaluation of surface water total dissolved solids (TDS). Monthly and annual TDS were considered as target variables in the analysis. In order to evaluate and compare the authenticity of the models, an economic factor (execution time) and statistical indices of the coefficient of determination (R2), Kling Gupta efficiency (KGE), root mean squared error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and Nash-Sutcliff efficiency (NSE) were utilized. The results revealed that the hybrid methods used in this study could enhance the classical ANFIS performance in the analysis of monthly and annual TDS of both stations. For more clarification, the models were ranked using the TOPSIS approach by simultaneously applying the effects of statistical parameters, temporal and spatial change factors, and execution time. This approach significantly facilitated decision-making in ranking models. The ANFIS-ACOR annual model considering discharge had the best performance in the Vanyar Station; Furthermore, ANFIS-ACOR monthly model ignoring discharge was outstanding in the Gotvand Station. In total, after utilizing two defined and proposed temporal and spatial change factors, ANFIS-ACOR and ANFIS-DE hybrid models had the best and worst performance in TDS prediction, respectively.
Identification of hyperelastic properties of CMR patient-specific left ventricle by finite elements and virtual fields method
Authors: Ghafarinatanzi Mehdi , Perie Delphine , Mahalatchimy Franck
Published: October 2023

Detection of left ventricle (LV) myocardial dysfunction after doxorubicin-based chemotherapy is investigated by determining myocardial stiffness, which is a potential clinical biomarker for the monitoring of heart failure (HF). The combination of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging and the finite element method (FEM) was used to estimate anisotropic elastic stiffness in the LV. The myocardium also has a complex geometry with nonlinear hyperelastic properties leading to large deformation. Within the proposed framework, which generates the LV mesh and reconstructs the strain field from the existing CMR data, we apply the virtual field method (VFM) to determine the hyperelastic material parameters. Minimizing an energy-based objective function obtained from VFM identifies the unknown parameters coupled in nonlinear constitutive law considering passive myocardial behavior. While Full-field characterization using VFM is valuable for studying regular-shaped models, we propose applying this method when particularly looking into ventricular remodeling caused by doxorubicin, in the context of cardiotoxicity. In the cardiac diastolic phase, the estimated stiffness of VFM results with FEM validation is compared for a case study of leukemia cancer survivors separated into three groups.
Horizontal gene transfer after faecal microbiota transplantation in adolescents with obesity
Authors: Behling Anna H. , Wilson Brooke C. , Ho Daniel , Cutfield Wayne S. , Vatanen Tommi , O'Sullivan Justin M.
Published: October 2023

Background
Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) describes the transmission of DNA outside of direct ancestral lineages. The process is best characterised within the bacterial kingdom and can enable the acquisition of genetic traits that support bacterial adaptation to novel niches. The adaptation of bacteria to novel niches has particular relevance for faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), a therapeutic procedure which aims to resolve gut-related health conditions of individuals, through transplanted gut microbiota from healthy donors.
Results
381 stool metagenomic samples from a placebo-controlled FMT trial for obese adolescents (the Gut Bugs Trial) were analysed for HGT, using two complementary methodologies. First, all putative HGT events, including historical HGT signatures, were quantified using the bioinformatics application WAAFLE. Second, metagenomic assembly and gene clustering were used to assess and quantify donor-specific genes transferred to recipients following the intervention. Both methodologies found no difference between the level of putative HGT events in the gut microbiomes of FMT and placebo recipients, post-intervention. HGT events facilitated by engrafted donor species in the FMT recipient gut at 6 weeks post-intervention were identified and characterised. Bacterial strains contributing to this subset of HGT events predominantly belonged to the phylum Bacteroidetes. Engraftment-dependent horizontally transferred genes were retained within recipient microbiomes at 12- and 26 weeks post-intervention.
Conclusion
Our study suggests that novel microorganisms introduced into the recipient gut following FMT have no impact on the basal rate of HGT within the human gut microbiome. Analyses of further FMT studies are required to assess the generalisability of this conclusion across different FMT study designs, and for the treatment of different gut-related conditions.
Ecological niche and interspecific relationship of dominant bryophyte communities in stone walls of cities at different elevations, Guizhou, China
Authors: duan lixin , wang xiurong , Zheng Yingying , Zhang Yinfang
Published: October 2023

To investigate the utilization characteristics and distribution patterns of major bryophyte communities on urban walls, we examined the bryophyte communities in stone walls at varying elevations. This study employed niche width and niche overlap indices, Chi-square Statistic Test, and association coefficient to analyze the species composition, niche characteristics, and interspecific associations within the bryophyte communities. The results showed that the stone walls across the four elevation gradients supported a total of 65 bryophyte species, including six liverwort species, but the dominant species varied from elevation to elevation E1 ~ E4 (989-1398m). Didymodon rufidulus, Didymodon ditrichoides, and Bryum argenteum had larger niche widths and were primarily distributed in the E3 elevation. In each elevation gradient, there was low niche overlap among the dominant bryophyte species. Interspecific association analysis revealed a significant negative association among bryophytes, suggesting the early stage of community succession. Among the elevation gradients, E4 displayed the weakest degree of bryophyte association, while E3 exhibited the strongest negative association and relative stability. The 16 dominant species of stonewall bryophytes could be categorized into three groups. These findings provide insights into the competition mechanism of wall bryophyte communities at different elevations and offer guidance for ecological restoration of wall vegetation.
Mathematical Modelling of Electrostatically Actuated Cantilever Beams
Authors: SRE SUNANDANA , S Lakshmi , P.A. DINESH
Published: October 2023

This study presents a mathematical model for an electrostatically actuated cantilever beam using COMSOL Multiphysics and Wolfram Mathematica. The model is used to investigate the pull-in voltage phenomenon, which refers to the voltage required to pull the beam to touch the bottom electrode. The cantilever beam is modeled as a micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) structure and is electrostatically actuated by applying a voltage between the beam and the bottom electrode. The model takes into account the electrostatic forces and the mechanical deflection of the beam. Parametric analysis is performed using COMSOL Multiphysics and then Wolfram Mathematica tool is used to validate the results obtained from the simulations. The mathematical model is developed using Galerkin's method. This study provides insights into the design and optimization of MEMS devices for various applications such as sensors and actuators.
A Remote sensing-based study of Seasonal variation of tropospheric Ozone Concentration over Bhopal using Sentinel-5P Satellite Data
Authors: Tiwari Ravi Kumar
Published: October 2023

The present study aims to analyze the seasonal variation in air quality in Bhopal, particularly in terms of Ozone (O3) levels. Due to the limited number of air monitoring stations in the region and their inability to function over the years, new methods must be found to complement the data on the ground. This study utilizes remote sensing products and GIS platforms to measure O3 levels quantitatively and qualitatively in the area. The measurements are compared with the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) ground monitoring O3 data of four locations (commercial, industrial, and residential areas), and Pearson correlation coefficients (PCC) (0.49, 0.34, 0.40) indicate that for daily monitoring of O3 concentrations, Sentinel-5P data can be used. The study also employs Google Earth Engine as an alternative method to analyze pre-processed data using conventional retrieval and GODFIT algorithms. To cope with near-real-time requirements, machine learning approaches are new-generation tools for different atmospheric processors.
Geochemistry of Palaeo-Proterozoic Kajrahat Limestone, Vindhyan Supergroup, Central India: insights into Depositional Conditions and Sources of Rare Earth Elements
Authors: Singh Akanksha , Singh B. P. , Kanhaiya S. , Quasim M. A. , Patra A. , Singh S.
Published: October 2023

This study investigates the geochemical composition of major, trace and rare earth elements (REEs) in the Palaeo-Proterozoic Kajrahat Limestone, Vindhyan Supergroup, Central India to infer the depositional environment and source for the REEs. The studied limestones, have a high percentage of CaO (ranging from42.27–66.53, n = 17), followed by SiO2 as the major oxides. Sr is dominant trace element showing a negative correlation with CaO. This indicates that either Sr precipitated its own minerals or it was contributed by the siliciclastic material. All trace elements exhibit depletion with respect to Post-Archean Australian Shale (PAAS) values. The PAAS-normalized REE pattern of studied limestone has a relatively uniform pattern, with slightly enriched LREE compared to HREE, negative Ce anomaly (ranging from 0.66–0.89), negative Eu anomaly (largely ranging from 0.84–1.43), and low U/TH ratio (ranging from 0.12–1.25).The studied limestones exhibit a negative correlation between ΣREE and Fe2O3, MnO, MgO, Sr but a positive correlation with other elements. These positive correlations suggest that, in addition to seawater, siliciclastic sediments also serve as a source for the REEs. The (La/Yb)N, La/Sc, La/Th, and Th/Sc ratios imply that the terrigenous admixture in studied limestone likely originated from felsic source rocks. The geochemical investigation of studied limestone indicates a low U content (0.3–1.3, n = 17) and U/Th (0.12–1.25, n = 17) ratios suggest an oxygen-rich environment. This, in turn, indicates that the deposition of this limestone occurred in a coastal/ shallow marine environment with some contribution from continental part.
Impact of tweets on Indian movies performance: An integrative approach using sentiment analysis and emotion detection
Authors: Sarin Prof. Gaurav , Agarwal Rhythm , Goyal Ekta
Published: October 2023

Due to social media's rapid growth, moviegoers primarily rely on internet reviews before buying. Studios must determine how reviews affect sales. This study examines how online reviews affect movie box office earnings using sentiment analysis and emotion recognition. Text reviews affect attendance and revenue as much as rating does. This data can help filmmakers and advertising target demographics. Films met audience expectations, with increased trust and happiness and lower wrath, surprise, disgust, and sadness. However, some films scored better for specific emotions, suggesting they elicited different audience responses. Most film tweets were happier and more trusting after release than before. However, tweets about some films showed more wrath and dread, suggesting marketing or audience reception concerns.
New insights on inheritance of multilocular trait in yellow sarson Rare inheritance studies in yellow sarson for petalous and apetalous trait
Authors: Bisht Charu , Prasad Birendra , Pant Usha , Verma S. K. , Gaur Amit Kumar , Gupta Shubham , Panwar Neha , Joshi Shivendra , Bisht Yashpal Singh , Prasad Himanshu , joshan Harshdeep
Published: October 2023

The inheritance study for the multilocular trait would open new doors for better yield in yellow sarson getting to know the genetic nature helps the breeder to work efficiently and transfer the trait due to its nature of having more seeds This study uses crosses between multilocule and bilocule parents Pant Girija, B9, are bilocular parents and pant pili sarson 1, NDYS are multilocular parents which were crossed and f1, f2, bc1, bc2 generations were studied and chi2 test was applied to get the nature of gene and inheritance. The findings reveal critical insights for the plant breeding industry. Multilocular genotypes are completely dominant in the F1 generation, demonstrating the usefulness of this feature for breeding. The regulation of locules by a single dominant gene is evident in the F2 generation, which displays a clear Mendelian 3:1 segregation ratio. Experiments with backcrosses support the dominance of multilocular alleles. These findings are highly applicable to plant breeders and will help them to precisely pick traits and improve desired traits in Brassica cultivars. Strategic breeding efforts can increase crop quality and production by better understanding the genetics of ovary locules.
Valorization of waste polycaprolactone via microbial upcycling of 6- hydroxyhexanoic acid into adipic acid by metabolically engineered Escherichia coli
Authors: Oh Yu-Ri , Jang Young-Ah , Song Jae Kwang , Eom Gyeong Tae
Published: October 2023

To valorize waste polycaprolactone (PCL), one of the most widely used biodegradable plastics, into a value-added chemical, we upcycled 6-hydroxyhexanoic acid(6-HHA), the sole monomer of PCL, into adipic acid (AA) using a microbial method. Recombinant Escherichia coli strains expressing chnD (6-HHA dehydrogenase) and chnE(6-oxohexanoic acid dehydrogenase) genes from three bacteria were constructed, and all these strains successfully produced AA from 6-HHA. Among these, the E. coli strain harboring ChnDE genes from Acinetobacter strain SE19 (E. coli [pKK-AcChn]) showed the highest AA-producing ability. To increase the AA production titer, we optimized the culture temperature of this strain in flask culture and performed fed-batch fermentation in a 5 L bioreactor. After the fed-batch fermentation, the AA production titer increased to 15.6 g/L. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the upcycle of 6-HHA into AA using a recombinant bacterial strain. Because 6-HHA is a monomer of PCL, our results provide the groundwork for the development of a biocatalytic recycling method for PCL.
The Torus of Triangles
Authors: Brussel Eric , Goertz Madeleine
Published: October 2023

We show that when parameterized by triples of angles, the set of similarity classes of labeled, oriented, possibly degenerate triangles has the natural structure of the Clifford torus T, a compact abelian Lie group. On this torus the main triangle types form distinguished algebraic structures: subgroups and cosets.
We analyze the set of (unrestricted) similarity classes using a uniform probability measure on T and compute the relative measures of the different triangle types.
Our computations are compatible with the spherically symmetric probability distribution analyzed in \cite{Port} and \cite{ES15}, which are based on vertices/side lengths instead of angles.
Prediction of Resident Travel Modes Based on XGBoost and Analysis of Behavioral Interaction Characteristics
Authors: Yang Xia , Zhang Jin , Wang Kai , Feng Chao-qin , Li Jie-mei
Published: October 2023

Figuring out the characteristics of urban residents' travel mode choices is the key to the forecasting of residents' travel demand as well as an important basis for transportation system management and planning. The integrated learning model based on the Boosting framework has high prediction accuracy and strong feature selection and combination ability and has become the preferred algorithm for building travel demand prediction models.In this article, the authors use the resident travel survey data of Kunming City, choose four integrated learning classifiers, XGBoost, LightGBM, CatBoost, and GBDT, to predict the travel mode of the residents, select the best parameters of the model by using grid search and five-fold cross-validation, analyze the importance of the features of the prediction model by using TreeSHAP, and finally explore the selection of travel modes under the interaction of important feature variables. The results of the study show that (1) the XGBoost model performs better than the other models, and the accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 value of the XGBoost model reach 90%, respectively, and the prediction accuracy of the four modes of travel, namely walking, two-wheeled electric motorcycle, public transportation, and car, reaches 94%, 90%, 85%, and 90%, respectively, and the corresponding AUC values reach 0.99, 0.97, 0.96, and 0.98, respectively. (2) Compared with household size and annual income, the actual distance of travel paths, ownership of cars and 2-wheeled electric motorcycles, age and gender of travelers, and the built environment are more important factors influencing the prediction of residents' travel choices. (3) The characteristics of travel mode choice under the interaction of several factors are obvious; except for the group over 55 years old, the ownership of travel means of transportation in the family significantly affects the choice of travel mode of residents; men between 20 and 55 years old have more medium-distance and long-distance trips, and they are the main group of people who use cars; when the travel distance is less than 15km, the 2-wheeled electric motorcycle and cars have a certain mutual substitution effect. In order to comprehensively promote the high-quality development of transportation, it is necessary to focus on the travel needs of women and the elderly while controlling the number of motor vehicles in the household, introducing policies to encourage the use of two-wheeled electric motorcycles, and improving the city's public transportation and commercial support facilities.
Seasonality and vertical structure of microbial communities in the alpine wetland
Authors: Wang Huiyuan , Li Yue , Yang Xiaoqin , Niu Bin , Jiao Hongzhe , Yang Ya , Huang Guoqiang , Hou Weiguo , Zhang Gengxin
Published: October 2023

The soil microbial community plays an important role in wetland ecosystem material transformation and energy flow. The temporal dynamics and spatial distribution of soil microbial communities have always been central questions in ecology. Numerous studies on wetland microbial community structure have focused on low altitudes, while patterns of microbial diversity across seasons and depths and their environmental determinants remain poorly studied. Here, we collected soil samples across four seasons at 0–5, 5–10, and 10–30 cm in the NamCo wetland on the Tibetan Plateau to study the seasonality and vertical patterns of soil microbial communities and their main drivers. We found clear seasonal variation in bacterial community composition, most pronounced in winter, but nonsignificant seasonal variation in archaea. In particular, Proteobacteria decreased by 11.5% in winter compared with other seasons (P < 0.05). The alpha diversity, indicated by the Chao1 index, showed hump-shaped seasonal patterns with a lower diversity in winter for bacteria but nonsignificant patterns in archaea across depths. PERMANOVA showed that the bacterial community structure had significant differences between winter and the other three seasons (P < 0.05). In addition, bacterial and archaeal community structures differed between surface (0–5 cm) and deeper (5–30 cm) soils (P < 0.01). Redundancy analysis demonstrated that soil total nitrogen, soil total phosphorus, and total soil organic carbon had significant effects on bacteria and archaea (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the bacterial community structure was strongly affected by soil moisture content and temperature (P < 0.001). Our findings highlighted the seasonal variation in the microbial community and the profound influence of soil moisture and temperature on microbial structure in alpine wetlands on the Tibetan Plateau.
Femtosecond Laser Writing of Photonic Crystal Fiber in LiNbO3 Crystal
Authors: Mohammed Miami , Ahmad Ahmad K.
Published: October 2023

A numerical investigation of depressed cladding photonic crystal fiber (PCF) that has been buried in bulk lithium niobate crystal material by direct femtosecond (fs) laser writing. The leading guide of light propagation is elucidated through the photonic crystal that is embedded in a lithium niobate. The induced refractive index, confinement losses, and dispersion are numerically calculated according to the orientation of the crystal and the structure geometry of the PCF. This structure supports single and highly multimode TE and TM wave guidance at the communication wavelength 1.55µm. We realized that the confinement losses are less than 1dB/cm for both polarizations, and the transmission properties appear good for several PCF applications.
Long Tail Relation Extraction Enhanced with Prototype and Entity Type
Authors: Chen Qidong , Cao Xinyu , Wang Quan , Xu Yuxuan
Published: October 2023

To address the long-tail problem in distantsupervised datasets, this paper proposes a relation extraction model with relation prototypes and entity types to enhance the sentence representation. Based on the idea of prototype, information is selectively extracted from the prototype embedding to enhance the sentence representation through the attention mechanism, and the entity type information is incorporated into the sentence representation, so that implicit dependency paths are established between different relations through the relation prototypes and entity types. It also combines the constraint graph to explicitly model the potential semantic dependencies between different relations, further enhancing the model’s ability to extract long-tail relationships. The experimental results on the NYT dataset and Re-TACRED dataset show that the proposed method can significantly improve the performance of the model on long-tail relations.
Implementing 2-qubit Pseudo-Telepathy Games on Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum Computers
Authors: Kelleher Colm , Roomy Mohammad , Holweck Frédéric
Published: October 2023

It is known that Mermin-Peres like proofs of quantum contextuality can furnish non-local games with a guaranteed quantum strategy, when classically no such guarantee can exist. This phenomenon, also called quantum pseudo-telepathy, has been studied in the case of the so-called Mermin Magic square game. In this paper we review in detail two different ways of implementing on a quantum computer such a game and propose a new Doily game based on the geometry of 2-qubit Pauli group. We show that the quantumness of these games are almost revealed when we play them on the IBM Quantum Experience, however the inherent noise in the available quantum machines prevents a full demonstration of the non-classical aspects.
Genetic Variability, Heritability, and Genetic Advance for Yield and Yield Related Traits of Food Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.) Recombinant Inbreed Lines at Woreilu District, South Wollo, Ethiopia
Authors: Abebe Kibret , Mekonnen Fikru , Zewdu Demeke
Published: October 2023

Barley is a multipurpose diploid (2n = 14) and the most ancient cereal crop. Studying genetic variability and the magnitude of variation in barley is essential for improving the yields and enhancing production. The experiment was conducted on forty-nine six-row recombinant inbred line food barley genotypes in seven by-seven simple lattice design at Woreilu Farmer Training Center in the 2021/22 cropping season to estimate the extent of genetic variability, heritability, and genetic advance among the genotypes. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that there was a significant difference (p < 0.001) among forty-nine genotypes for all the traits studied. A high PCV and GCV were recorded for grain yield, fertile tiller per plant, and biomass yield. High GCV with high heritability and genetic advance as a percent of the mean recorded on grain yield, fertile tillers per plant, and biomass yield. Therefore considering these traits for direct selection in barely breeding is important.
Evolutionary Tinkering Enriches the Hierarchical and Interlaced Structures in Amino Acid Sequences
Authors: Zhang Zecheng , Liu Chunxiuzi , Zhu Yingjun , Peng Lu , Qiu Weiyi , Tang Qianyuan , Liu He , Zhang Ke , Di Zengru , Liu Yu
Published: October 2023

Background: In bioinformatics, tools like multiple sequence alignment and entropy methods probe sequence information and evolutionary relationships between species. Although powerful, they might miss crucial hierarchical relationships formed by the reuse of repetitive subsequences like duplicons and transposable elements. Such relationships are governed by ''evolutionary tinkering'', as described by François Jacob. The newly developed Ladderpath theory provides a quantitative framework to describe these hierarchical relationships.
Results: Based on this theory, we introduce two indicators: order-rate η, characterizing sequence pattern repetitions and regularities, and ladderpath-complexity κ, characterizing hierarchical richness within sequences, considering sequence length. Statistical analyses on real amino acid sequences showed: (1) Among the typical species analyzed, humans possess relatively more sequences with large κ values. (2) Proteins with a significant proportion of intrinsically disordered regions exhibit increased η values. (3) There are almost no super long sequences with low η. We hypothesize that this arises from varied duplication and mutation frequencies across different evolutionary stages, which in turn suggests a zigzag pattern for the evolution of protein complexity. This is supported by our simulations and examples from protein families such as Ubiquitin and NBPF.
Conclusions: Our method emphasizes ''how objects are generated'', capturing the essence of evolutionary tinkering and reuse. The findings hint at a connection between sequence orderliness and structural uncertainty, and suggest that different species or those in varied environments might adopt distinct protein elongation strategies. These insights highlight our method's value for further in-depth evolutionary biology applications.
Numerical Simulation and Evaluation of Soil Temperature on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau by the CLM4.5 Model
Authors: Ding X , Lai X , Fan GZ
Published: October 2023

The CRUNCEP V7 dataset was used to drive the Community Land Model version 4.5 (CLM4.5) to simulate the spatiotemporal changes of soil temperature in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau from 1981 to 2016. The simulation results were compared with observations, ERA-Interim and GLDAS-CLM soil temperature reanalysis data. The results show that: 1) CLM4.5 can accurately reproduce the dynamic changes in the observed soil temperature over time in two soil layers (0–10 cm and 10–50 cm) at most sites, with a significant positive correlation with the observations. 2) CLM4.5 can depict the spatial distribution of soil temperature in the plateau area, and the distribution characteristics are consistent with those of the reanalysis data. The soil temperature increases from north to south, and the values in the Qaidam Basin are significantly higher than those in the surrounding area. The CLM4.5 results are similar in value to the ERA-Interim product, while the GLDAS-CLM soil temperature values are generally higher. 3) The simulated value shows the trend of “+ - + -” (“increasing-decreasing-increasing-decreasing” ) from the west to the east in summer and autumn, while in winter and spring, the trend is generally increasing, but a decreasing trend is observed in some isolated locations. The temperature variation trends in the ERA-Interim data in winter and the GLDAS-CLM data in the middle of Sanjiangyuan in spring and the Qinghai Plateau in winter are consistent with that of the simulated data. The above results are all tested with 95% confidence. 4) During the period from 1981 to 2016, the soil temperature on the plateau showed a significant upward trend, especially in spring and autumn. The two layers of the plateau have obvious seasonal changes, with the whole year characterized by a “single peak shape”. From March to September, the shallow soil temperature is higher than the deep soil temperature, and from October to February, the deep soil temperature is higher than the shallow soil temperature.