bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kemampuan Bakteri Asam Laktat Dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Aflatoksin B2 Aspergilllus flavus
Authors: Lunggani Arina Tri
Published: January 2019

Aflatoxins are highly toxic secondary metabolies produced during the growth of several fungi, especiallyAspergillus flavus. AFB1 and AFB2 one of them which contaminates a wide variety of food and feed causing serioushealth problem when consumed by human or animals. This research was aimed to study the potency of Lactic AcidBacteria (LAB) in the inhibition of Aspergillus flavus growth and the production of Aflatoxin B2. Three species ofLAB i.e. Lactobacillus delbrueckii , L. fermentum, L. plantarum were investigated for their potential in inhibitingand degradation of Aflatoxin B2 as well as inhibiting fungal growth. The trial was designed into three variations ofeach isolate by challenging the fungal culture, before fungal inoculation, at the same time as fungal inoculation andafter fungal inoculation. It was found that all the three species of LAB are potential microorganism to inhibitfungal growth as indicated by the reduction of the dry weight of fungal mycelia compared with control.Quantification of Aflatoxin B2 showed that L. fermentum gave the strongest degradation of Aflatoxin B1 during 15days incubation, then followed by L. plantarum and L delbruekii with a reduction rate of 0,,2408 ppm, 0,3373 ppm,0,6393 ppm respectively, compared with control these are significantly different. These result conclude thatAflatoxin B2 can be degraded or prevented to be produced by A. flavus by applying LAB.
Pengaruh Pepton dan Waktu Inkubasi terhadap Produksi Inulinase oleh Pichia alni DUCC-W4 Berbahan Dasar Tepung Umbi Dahlia (Dahlia variabilis Willd.)
Authors: Wijanarka Wijanarka , Rukmi MG Isworo , Sutrisna Lynda -
Published: January 2019

Sumber pemanis alami alternatif yang aman bagi kesehatan dapat diproduksi dari inulin dalam umbi dahlia (Dahlia variabilis Willd.) dan dapat dihidrolisis dengan inulinase dari Pichia alni DUCC-W4. Peningkatan produksi inulinase dapat dilakukan dengan menambahkan sumber nitrogen organik berupa pepton ke dalam medium. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aktivitas inulinase tertinggi sebesar 1,237 IU/mL (P2T3), aktivitas invertase tertinggi sebesar 1,568 IU/mL (P2T3) dan aktivitas katalitik inulinase sebesar 0,824 IU/mL (P2T2) diperoleh melalui rasio S/I dengan membandingkan aktivitas invertase (S) dan aktivitas inulinase (I). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah penambahan pepton dengan berbagai konsentrasi (0%; 0,5% dan 1%) dan lama waktu inkubasi (12 jam, 18 jam dan 24 jam) tidak meningkatkan produksi inulinase Pichia alni DUCC-W4.
Peningkatan Produktivitas Tanah Pasir untuk Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kedelai dengan Inokulasi Mikorhiza dan Rhizobium
Authors: Saptiningsih Endang -
Published: January 2019

Mycorhiza and Rhizobium were potensial soil nutrient-enriched organisms. This research was purposed tostudy effect of Mycorrhiza and Rhizobium inoculation in increasing the productivity of sand soil for the growth ofsoybean crops. This research arranged with four treatments: without inoculation(Po), with rhizobium inoculation(Pr), with micorrhiza inoculation (Pm), with micorrhiza-rhizobium inoculation (Pmr). The data that was analysed byANAVA and DMRT at 5% level test. The result of study showed that the productivity of the sand soil could beincreased with mikorhiza and rhizobium inoculation indicated by increasing of soybean growth.
Skreening Potensi Antibakteri pada Beberapa Spesies Rumput Laut terhadap Bakteri Patogen pada Udang Windu
Authors: Izzati Munifatul -
Published: January 2019

Antibacterial activity of several local seaweeds has been screened. Most of these seaweeds species showantibacterial properties against pathogenic bacteria from species of Vibrio and Pseudomonas. The activity ofseaweeds extracts were determined by type of solvent used in extraction. Respond of each pathogenic bacteria werealso different to each type of extract. Most seaweeds show stronger activity against Pseudomonas rather than Vibrio.Caulerpa and Padina were more active against Pseudomonas compared to Sargassum and Gelidium. Compared toother seaweeds, Sargassum and Gelidium were more active against Vibrio. It is predicted that Sargassum is the themost suitable to be used in polyculture with tiger shrimp (Peneaus monodon), as this is the most active against themost dangerous pathogenic bacteria, Vibrio harveyi. Beside that, the active component of Sargassum is solved inwater, therefore will be easier to diffuse into shrimp pond.
ANALISIS DAMPAK VOLUNTARY AND FORCED COMPLIANCE TERHADAP TINGKAT KEPATUHAN PAJAK UMKM DI KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Awaliyah Khikmah Rizqi , Purwanti Evi Yulia
Published: January 2019

The increasing ratio and realization of MSMEs tax revenue in Semarang City is not matched with the level of tax compliance where the realization of tax revenue in Semarang City every year is always under 100% of the target set.This shows the low level of MSMEs tax compliance problem in Semarang City. This study aims to analyze the effect of tax knowledge, justice perspective, perceptions of tax evasion opportunities, and perceptions of tax sanctions on the level of tax compliance of MSMEs in Semarang City. The type of data used in this study is the primary data obtained from 101 samples of MSMEs in Semarang City as well as the secondary data obtained from several related agencies as the supporting data. Data analysis was conducted by using binary logistic regression analysis. The results of study showed that tax knowledge and perception of justice variables significantly influence MSMEs tax compliance in Semarang City. Most of the actors of MSMEs (>50% of respondents) have a high taxknowledge, especially in tax-aware indicators about the obligation to have NPWP for MSME which has a turnover of not more than 4.8 billion but have a low perception of justice where only 1 of 5 indicators that have the number of respondents >50% of indicators of perception of justice about the assumption that tax regulations are set for the benefit of all parties not only for the sake of one party, the rest of the respondents feel that the MSMEs tax is still not fair. Meanwhile, the perception variables of tax evasion opportunities and perception of tax sanctions have no significant effect to MSMEs tax compliance in Semarang City.
Managemen Pengelolaan Alat dan Bahan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi
Authors: Gunawan Indra
Published: January 2019

Laboratory is one of the important facilities in the teaching and learning process, as a place to study or as a source of learning, laboratories must have a comfortable and safe nature. A laboratory that is comfortable means that the needs or needs to carry out activities are available in the appropriate place or are easily accessible if used and used. Whereas laboratories that are safe means that all storage of hazardous materials and dangerous activities has been prepared and anticipated. Laboratory management will run more effectively if the laboratory structure is supported by elements including the head / head of the laboratory, practicum coordinator, Education Laboratory/ Technician / Laboran / Analyst staff and laboratory staff The purpose of laboratory management is to create an atmosphere of microbiology laboratories, especially those that are comfortable and safe for users which include students, researchers and visitors to the laboratory and staff who manage the laboratory. The method used is quantitative based on literature studies (metaanalisis). Framework for meta-analysis concepts based on the determination of layout and space, management of tools and materials, order and laboratory safety It is expected that the implementation of good management in the laboratory will create a safe and comfortable laboratory atmosphere. Based on the results above, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between management and good governance with a safe and comfortable atmosphere for users and laboratory managers
Pengembangan Stadiometer sebagai Alat Ukur Tinggi Badan dan Tinggi Lutut
Authors: Sulistyawati Sulistyawati
Published: January 2019

Anthropometric measurement used to describe the conditions of growth and nutritional status. Linear growth is used to determining height with microtoise several requirements for its installment such as upright wall, flat floor and requires precision to ensure the starting point of measurement at 200 cm high, which making measurements with this method difficult to guarantee validity in field. This study aimed to make a height measuring instrument more practical, namely the modifiable stadiometer as a measuring instrument for height which can also be used to measure knee height. Material used aluminum to make the tool lighter, practical, and easy to carry. Validity test of tool was using stadiometer Seca 217. Height measurement was performed on 75 subjects in 7th semester students (academic year of 2015/2016) at Faculty of Public Health, University of Diponegoro Semarang. Data were analyzed by using paired t-test at significance level of 0.05 and obtained p=0.173. It was concluded that there was no significant difference in measurement results between modifiable stadiometer tool (the design results) and stadiometer Seca 217, so it can be used as alternative tool for height measurement.
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators Enhance CNS Remyelination Independent of Estrogen Receptors
Authors: Rankin Kelsey A. , Mei Feng , Kim Kicheol , Shen Yun-An A. , Mayoral Sonia R. , Desponts Caroline , Lorrain Daniel S. , Green Ari J. , Baranzini Sergio E. , Chan Jonah R. , Bove Riley
Published: January 2019

A significant unmet need for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) is the lack of U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved remyelinating therapies. We have identified a compelling remyelinating agent, bazedoxifene (BZA), a European Medicines Agency (EMA)-approved (and FDA-approved in combination with conjugated estrogens) selective estrogen receptor (ER) modulator (SERM) that could move quickly from bench to bedside. This therapy stands out as a tolerable alternative to previously identified remyelinating agents and other candidates within this family. Using an unbiased high-throughput screen, with subsequent validation in both murine and human oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and coculture systems, we find that BZA enhances differentiation of OPCs into functional oligodendrocytes. Using anin vivomurine model of focal demyelination, we find that BZA enhances OPC differentiation and remyelination. Of critical importance, we find that BZA acts independently of its presumed target, the ER, in bothin vitroandin vivosystems. Using a massive computational data integration approach, we independently identify six possible candidate targets through which SERMs may mediate their effect on remyelination. Of particular interest, we identify EBP (encoding 3β-hydroxysteroid-Δ8,Δ7-isomerase), a key enzyme in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway, which was previously implicated as a target for remyelination. These findings provide valuable insights into the implications for SERMs in remyelination for MS and hormonal research at large.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTTherapeutics targeted at remyelination failure, which results in axonal degeneration and ultimately disease progression, represent a large unmet need in the multiple sclerosis (MS) population. Here, we have validated a tolerable European Medicines Agency-approved (U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved in combination with conjugated estrogens) selective estrogen receptor (ER) modulator (SERM), bazedoxifene (BZA), as a potent agent of oligodendrocyte precursor cell (OPC) differentiation and remyelination. SERMs, which were developed as nuclear ER-α and ER-β agonists/antagonists, have previously been implicated in remyelination and neuroprotection, following a heavy focus on estrogens with underwhelming and conflicting results. We show that nuclear ERs are not required for SERMs to mediate their potent effects on OPC differentiation and remyelinationin vivoand highlight EBP, an enzyme in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway that could potentially act as a target for SERMs.
A thymus szerkezete a huszonegyedik század elején
Authors: Bódi Ildikó , H.-Minkó Krisztina , Prodán Zsolt , Nagy Nándor , Oláh Imre
Published: January 2019

Abstract:

The classical histological features of the thymus are the cortex and medulla, the Hassall’s bodies as well as the lobules. Anti-pan-cytokeratin immunocytochemistry shows that the keratin staining pattern of the cortical and medullary epithelial cells is different. The medulla is further compartmentalized: it consists of keratin-positive network and keratin-negative areas. Histology of the keratin-negative area is identical with the connective tissue of the septae. The basal lamina is continuous at the capsule and septae, but it becomes discontinuous at the border between the keratin-positive network and keratin-negative area. This immunohistochemical finding is the first histological sign, which may explain that the medulla has no blood-thymus barrier. The supporting tissue of the keratin-negative area is identical with that of the septae. The connective tissue of thymic capsule and septae develops from the cranial neural crest cells, therefore we hypothesize that the keratin-negative area has neural crest origin. Blood vessels of the thymic medulla localize in the keratin-negative area. Every emigrating or immigrating immunologically competent cells should enter the keratin-negative area, therefore this area is the transit zone of the thymus. The hematoxylin-eosin staining of the thymus shows that the thymic cortico-medullary border does not represent cellular background. However, the border between keratin-positive network and keratin-negative area is determined by cellular identity (epithelial and mesenchymal tissues). Therefore, it can be assumed that the real histological and functional border is the border between the keratin-positive network and the keratin-negative area. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(5): 163–171.
Mellkasi sérültek drenázsadatainak vizsgálata
Authors: Csonka Ákos , Dózsai Dávid , Ecseri Tamás , Gárgyán István , Csonka István , Varga Endre
Published: January 2019

Abstract:

Introduction: Chest injuries cause a significant number of pneumothorax (PTX) and hemothorax (HTX). The most commonly used treatment is chest-tube drainage. The position of the tube is a prime necessity to achieve adequate drainage. Aim: To analyze the duration of chest drainage at the occurrence of PTX and HTX. To find what the underlying cause of drainage insufficiency is and whether there is any relation between the surgical qualification needed to the procedure. Method: Clinical data of 110 injured patients from 2011 to 2015 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. In the case of tube breaking or drainage insufficiency it was investigated if repositioning, usage of new tubes or insertion of additional tubes resolved the drainage insufficiency. Authors investigated the location of the tube on x-ray and CT, and the connection between the drainage insufficiency and the surgical qualifications needed to the procedure. Results: The average duration of chest drainage was 6.5 days. The duration of drainage was shorter by 1.9 days regarding the tube inserted in the middle section of the chest compared to the upper one and shorter by 1.2 days regarding the tube inserted in the lower section of the chest compared to the upper one. In the case of HTX, the duration of drainage was shorter by 2.8 days regarding the lower and by 3.6 days regarding the middle section compared to the upper position. Drainage insufficiency occurred in 30% of all cases. The duration of chest drainage was shorter after application of new tubes (9.5 days) than after reposition (10.2 days), but there was no significant difference. Conclusion: Chest injury is a wide entity, thus one standard protocol cannot be developed on the management of these injuries. Authors concluded that drainage duration decreases significantly if the position of the tube is in the middle or lower section of the chest. The high occurrence of drainage insufficiency was caused by inadequate tube positioning and tube breaking. The practical qualification of trauma surgeons did not play a significant role regarding the prevalence of drainage insufficiency rather if the tube positioning was appropriate. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(5): 172–178.
A májfunkció romlásának rizikófaktorai sikeres vesetranszplantációt követően
Authors: Borda Bernadett , Nemes Attila , Lengyel Csaba , Várkonyi Tamás , Rárosi Ferenc , Keresztes Csilla , Ottlakán Aurél , Lázár György
Published: January 2019

Abstract:

Introduction: Increase of liver function is one of the most common complications after kidney transplantation due to the use of immunosuppressive therapy and hyperlipidemia in addition to hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Method: Following the selection criteria (n = 59), the study is based on applied immunosuppressive therapy, baseline data of patients, further correlation between HCV and liver function deterioration. Patients were subjected to fasting laboratory examination to monitor serum electrolytes, uric acid and albumin levels. We looked at the effects of immunosuppressive therapy on the lipids (TG, TC, HDL, LDL) and liver enzymes (GOT, GPT, ALP, GGT). The analysis of the relationship between lipids and liver enzymes was also included in our study. Results: The data basics were not significantly different between the tacrolimus and the cyclosporine groups. In the laboratory results, Mg levels were significantly different between the two groups (p = 0.044). The impact of HCV on the liver function was significantly different on GGT (p = 0.008). We examed the lipids and liver function level between the tacrolimus and the patients receiving cyclosporine-based immunosuppression and the total cholesterol (p = 0.005) and GOT (p = 0.05) were significantly different between the two groups. Hyperlipidemia was associated with 26% of patients taking tacrolimus-based immunosuppression, and 89% of those receiving cyclosporine; the difference was significant (p = 0.002). Regarding the effect of hyperlipidemia on liver enzymes, ALP (p = 0.006) and GGT (p = 0.0001) were significantly higher. Conclusion: Increases in hepatic enzymes, ALT and GGT indicate the damage to hepatocytes. Beside the increase of liver function, which is the main risk factor in hepatitis on HCV soil, the applied immunosuppressive therapy and hyperlipidemia lead to degradation of allograft function and long-term graft loss. Orv hetil. 2019; 160(5): 186–190.
Archaeology of the Digital Periphery
Authors: Beale Gareth , Schofield John , Austin Jim
Published: January 2019

The computer mouse is one of the most familiar artefacts of the developed world to have been devised in the late twentieth century. The essential form remains the same as when it was first invented, but during this time the mouse has transformed our physical interaction with and perception of computers. With increased attention being paid to curating and collecting technologies of the contemporary world, and within the context of an archaeological research culture that extends to the contemporary, an archaeological examination of this ubiquitous object appeared timely. There are millions - if not billions - of mice in circulation, including models that are now outdated or obsolete. Despite their apparent uniformity they differ in significant ways, and examination of these differences can help us to understand human experiences of technology in ways that resonate with artefact types of much earlier periods. With that time depth in mind, this paper will therefore focus on the form and function of the computer mouse and its place in the contemporary imagination. This will be followed by a detailed study of five specific examples which together illustrate some of the key issues and challenges that face us, as archaeologists and curators.
Doing Archaeology in Non-State Space
Authors: Flexner James L.
Published: January 2019

Non-state space can be defined as a type of social space in which permanent hierarchies of various sorts are actively resisted or prevented from emerging. I reflect on my experiences working as an archaeologist doing collaborative field research on Erromango Island, Vanuatu, which fits many of the characteristic features of non-state spaces. Fieldwork on Erromango reflects paradoxical habits of scepticism regarding outsiders, while being welcoming and accommodating at the same time. A potential exists in the interfaces between state and non-state space to reconsider what is possible in research, and in our engagements with our own and other societies.
Anarchy and Archaeology
Authors: Flexner James L. , Gonzalez-Tennant Edward
Published: January 2019

Anarchist theory is having a ‘moment’ in the social sciences. A growing number of scholars draw on anarchist thought to conceptualize human history and offer solutions grounded in direct democracy for a range of modern ills, including racism, sexism, and structural violence. As scholars wake to the realization that universities have become instruments for the advancement of capital, and as contemporary politics continues to embrace ethnonationalism, neoliberalism, and patriarchy, engagements with anarchist thought and practice have emerged in the academy and more broadly. What does this mean for contemporary archaeology? Here, we raise questions relating to three potential threads: the archaeology of anarchists; the use of anarchism to inform archaeological theory and practice; and the use of archaeological knowledge to inform contemporary anarchisms.
Marianne and Anarchy
Authors: Lagarde Louis
Published: January 2019

The uprising known as the Paris Commune, in 1871, resulted in the deportation of several thousand insurgents to New Caledonia until global amnesty was granted in 1880. During their exile, some produced art and crafted objects inspired by their environment or past experiences, which offer a powerful insight into the Commune and its aftermath, a revolutionary attempt long perceived as "without images" (Tillier 2004). Furthermore, the Communards’ stay in New Caledonia nourished the regular (non-political) convicts’ arts and crafts, maintaining caricature, satire and hidden messages on the artefacts, long after the return of the exiled. Thus, we can still identify pieces in link with the revolutionary/anarchist discourse of the Paris Commune, although crafted as late as 1910-1920. The legacy of the Communards to the history of New Caledonia thus goes beyond their literary production, which has until now been the main focus of academic research.
Constructing the Future History
Authors: Borck Lewis
Published: January 2019

Archaeology is a process for, at minimum, constructing history from the material record. The decisions about what to use to create that history is unavoidably political. This political act primarily serves to construct and enforce the power of the state, although it can be used to contest it. Prefiguration, emerging from anarchist theory and parallel social movements, can be understood not simply as a radical practice, but also as an understanding of how history is constructed. It can be used to explain how history is constructed from past and contemporary archaeological decisions as well as the world and socio-political organizations that future history will naturalize.
Direct Actions and Archaeology
Authors: Angelbeck Bill , Jones Johnny
Published: January 2019

Direct action has been a key tactic of many social and political movements throughout history. Here, we consider the relevance of direct actions for archaeology, both for heritage protection and other forms of archaeological activism. We also discuss collaborative and community-based archaeologies as direct relationships and actions that can help prefigure the non-colonial relationships between archaeologists, indigenous peoples, and heritage. In the process, we provide a case history of Lil’wat peoples, who continue to exert control over their unceded territory and heritage from development. In recent decades, the Lil’wat Peoples Movement used direct actions in logging road blockades, to stop developments from damaging and destroying archaeological sites, of which Johnny Jones was a member. We also describe our collaborations over the last decade in investigating sites in various capacities. In so doing, we also consider the parallels between indigenous and anarchist approaches in anarcho-indigenist thought.
Single Context Archaeology as Anarchist Praxis
Authors: Morgan Colleen , Eddisford Daniel
Published: January 2019

The organization of archaeological fieldwork often resembles a military-style campaign structured around rigid, top-down hierarchies. This is reflected in many aspects of current practice, including the ultimate authority of the site director, the use of excavation methodologies that remove the act of interpretation from field archaeologists, and the general deskilling and reification of archaeological labor in fieldwork. Though there have been several examples of resistance to this hierarchical model we maintain that a sustained critique could stem from an unexpected source: the creation of communities that model anarchist principles through the implementation of the single context methodology in archaeology. In this article we explore the potential for anarchist praxis in archaeological fieldwork and the implications of anarchist thought on the issues of authority and non-alienation of labor in a neoliberal landscape.
Exploring the relationship between grammatical metaphor and mode differentiation in Chinese political discourses
Authors: Xi Cheng
Published: January 2019

In Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), the contextual research of Grammatical Metaphor (GM) is mainly examined by considering three register variables, namely, field, tenor and mode. Although there have been some studies on the relationship between GM and mode, the contribution of GM in mode differentiation has not been investigated in depth so far. This study thus aims to explore the relationship between GM and mode differentiation in Chinese political discourses through an analysis of a corpus formed by 15 texts based on Yang's GM model, and these texts construct three text types distinguished in mode, namely, political reports, political speeches and political interviews. After defining the mode scale and GM distribution scale, the study then examines how GM deployment connects with mode differentiation in two steps: (1) the establishment of mapping relationships between the lexical density scale and the ideational GM deployment scale; (2) the interpretation of the mapping relationships from functional perspectives. It is found that the lexical density scale and GM distribution scale of three text types are well mapped onto each other, which indicates that ideational GM distribution strongly correlates with the lexical density. Such mapping relationships suggest that the deployment of GM is related to mode differentiation because the use of GM has distinctive effects on the complexity, organization and ideologies of texts in different modes.
Birgivî ve Şerhu’l-Ehâdîsi’l-Erbaʻīn Adlı Eseri Bağlamında Hadis Şerh Metodu
Authors: AKDOĞAN Muhammed
Published: January 2019

Osmanlı
Devleti’nin en güçlü olduğu Kanûnî döneminde Balıkesir’de doğan Birgivî, ilk
eğitimini babası Pir Alî’den tahsil ettikten sonra İstanbul’a giderek Ahîzâde
Mehmed Efendi (ö. 974/1563-4) ve Kızıl Molla lakabıyla tanınan Kazasker
Abdurrahmân Efendi’nin de (ö. 983/1575) aralarında bulunduğu ulemadan istifade
etmiştir. O, kısa süren memurluk hayatının ardından Birgi’ye dönmüş ve burada
eğitim-öğretim çalışmalarına başlamıştır.

Problem
gördüğü herhangi bir noktada sözünü esirgemeyen ve hangi makama sahip olursa
olsun kişileri eleştirebilen Birgivî, hadis, Arapça, fıkıh gibi ilimlerde
eserler yazmıştır. Bunlar arasında insanları ibadet noktasında bidʻatlerden
uzak tutmak ve onları Kur’an ve Sünnet’e çağırmak amacıyla yazdığı Şerhu’l-ehâdîsi’l-erbaʻîn isimli
çalışmasının özel bir önemi bulunmaktadır. Eserin herhangi bir medresede okunduğuna
dair kaynaklarda bir bilgi verilmemekle birlikte, onun Birgivî tarafından
talebelerine okutulduğu söylenebilir. Bu çalışmada eserin hadis şerh metodu
tahlil edilmiştir. Şârih tarafından eserdeki her bir hadis rivâyet, lügat,
iʻrâb, belâgat, şerh, tefrîʻ, suâl ve fâide noktasından değerlendirilmiş ve
izah edilmiştir. Kitap incelendiğinde yapılan izahlarda kitabın fıkhî yönünün
ağır bastığı görülecektir. Bahis konusu olan esere Birgivî tarafından
başlanılmış ancak eser onun erken vefatı sebebiyle tamamlanamamıştır. Geri
kalan otuz üç hadis ise Akkirmânî tarafından şerh edilmiştir.
Sıddîk Hasan Hân’ın Taklîde Karşı Duruşunun Kur’ânî Argümanları
Authors: Tayfur Sabğatullah
Published: January 2019

Sıddîk Hasan
Hân (ö. 1889/1307),
Hindistan’ın önde gelen İslâm âlimlerindendir. Değişik ilim dalında birçok eser
yazmıştır. Hindistan’ın ilim merkezi haline gelmesinde büyük katkılarda
bulunmuştur. Birçok dinî konuda görüş beyan etmiştir. Bunların çoğunda selef-i
sâlihe uymuştur. Onun en çok dikkat çeken görüşlerinden birisi taklîd
hakkındaki düşünceleridir. O, bu konuda çok katı bir anlayışa sahiptir. Bundan
dolayı birçok âlim tarafından eleştiriye tabi tutulmuştur.  Ona göre zarurî durumlar dışında hiçbir
konuda gayr-i müslimlere ait bir mantık olan taklîde başvurulmamalıdır. Çünkü
taklîd, delilsiz bir şekilde başkalarına uyma olduğu için cehalet
sayılmaktadır. Ona göre taklîd, insanı sahîh bilgiye ulaştırma konusunda
güvenilir bir yöntem değildir. Çünkü bu yöntem sorgusuz bir şekilde başkalarına
uymaktan ibarettir. O, taklîd yerine iki sağlam yöntem önermektedir. Bunlar
ittibâ‘ ve ictihâddır. İnsanlar, taklîd yerine Kur’ân’a, sünnete ve selef-i
sâlihe ittibâ‘ etmeli ya da ictihâdda bulunmalıdırlar.
1853-1856 Kırım Savaşına Dair Bir Cihad Risalesi
Authors: İMAMOĞLU Abdullah Taha
Published: January 2019

Bu çalışmada Kırım Savaşı’ndan
(1853-1856) bahseden Osmanlı Türkçesi matbu bir cihad
risalesinin neşri amaçlanmaktadır.
Müellifi meçhul olan Cihad Emr-i Hak’tır başlıklı bu risale cihad ve mücahid
kavramlarının tanımıyla başlamaktadır. Ardından Osmanlı tebaasının cihad
şuurunu ortaya koyan ve cihada dair örnek alınacak dört hadiseden
bahsedilmektedir. Birinci olayda Halil ismindeki gönüllü bir Osmanlı neferinin
cihada çıkmak için ailesine veda etmesinden ve aile fertleri arasında geçen
konuşmalardan, ikinci olayda Abdal Musa’nın cesaretinden, üçüncü hadisede
sahabeden Ammar b. Yasir’in (ra) kahramanlığından, dördüncü olayda ise Kırım
Savaşı’nın önemli muharebelerinden birisi olan Gözleve muharebesinin Osmanlı
ordusunca nasıl yapıldığından bahsedilmektedir. Bu olayların tamamı Osmanlı
neferlerinin cihad şuurunu kuvvetlendirmek için anlatılmıştır.
Clinical outcomes after intentional replantation of permanent teeth: A systematic review
Authors: Wang Lin , Jiang Hua , Bai Yang , Luo Qiang , Wu Hao , Liu Hongchen
Published: January 2019

This study aimed to systematically assess the outcomes of intentional replantation (IR) of teeth and to determine the survival rate, success rate, and prognostic factors related to the treatment. A search was conducted for all relevant English language articles published from January 2000 to October 2017. The search terms included "intentional replantation" and "teeth" according to the inclusion criteria. The Methodological Index for Non-randomized Studies (MINORS) was used to assess the methodological quality of included studies. Twelve studies were identified as relevant for the systematic review. In total, 896 patients with 905 teeth were examined for intentional teeth replantation. The success rate was greater than 90% in four studies (33.33%) and between 70% and 80% in five studies. At short-term follow-up (<6 months), the survival rate was approximately 90%. At longer-term follow-up (>36 months), the survival rates of teeth were slightly reduced in four studies, and tended to be stable after 48 months. In conclusion, the long-term success and survival rate of IR are likely dependent upon short extraoral time, reduced pocket depth, type of tooth, type of root-end filling material, and the prevention of atraumatic tooth root damage.
Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy due to GMPPB mutations: A case report and comprehensive literature review
Authors: Sun LiuQing , Shen DingGuo , Xiong Ting , Zhou Zhibin , Lu Xianghui , Cui Fang
Published: January 2019

Mutations in the guanosine diphosphate mannose (GDP-mannose) pyrophosphorylase B (GMPPB) gene are rare. To date, 72 cases with GMPPB gene mutations have been reported. Herein, we reported a case of a 29-year-old Chinese male presenting with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) who was found to have two heterozygous GMPPB mutations. The patient had a progressive limb weakness for 19 years. His parents and elder brother were normal. On examination he had a waddling gait, and absent tendon reflexes in all four limbs. Electromyography showed myogenic damage. Muscle magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed fatty degeneration in the bilateral medial thigh muscles. High throughput gene panel sequencing revealed that the patient carried compound heterozygous mutations in the GMPPB gene, c.553C>T (p.R185C, maternal inheritance) and c.346C>T (p.P116S, paternal inheritance). This case provides additional information regarding the phenotypic spectrum of GMPPB mutations in the Chinese population.
CEM (Circular Estimate Method) – Step-by-step Protocol v2
Authors: Josende Marcelo , Manske Nunes Silvana , Müller Larissa , Ferreira Cravo Marlize , Marìa Monserrat José , Ventura Lima Juliane
Published: January 2019

This protocol is part of the entitled paper 'Circular estimate method (CEM) - A simple method to estimate Caenorhabditis elegans culture densities in liquid medium.' DOI: 10.1186/s12575-018-0089-2, published at Biological Procedures Online (2019), and describes the step-by-step procedures for the achievement of accurate and reliable estimates with the extremely close relationship to the real nematode counting. It can be used on different nematode species and adapted to different laboratory conditions.
A REVIEW STUDY ON ONLINE PSYCHO-EDUCATION FOR THE BIPOLAR DISORDER PATIENT AND THEIR CAREGIVERS
Authors: Fitriani Nurlaila , Suryadi Iwan
Published: January 2019

Purpose: Identify some recent research on the use of online-based psychoeducation intervention for people with bipolar disorders and online education for their family. The process of searching uses keywords: mHealth, eHealth, a smartphone application, web-based, relatives, caregiver, psychoeducation, and bipolar disorders

Methodology: 60 articles discuss bipolar disorder, only 10 articles are suitable for the inclusion criteria. The various program was created to deal with bipolar disorder problems for both patients and their families. Online psychoeducation is effective for people with bipolar disorder to overcome barriers in the management of direct intervention. Reporting complaints, symptoms and often uncontrolled feelings can be done immediately by using the program.

Main Findings: Online psychoeducation is effective for people with bipolar disorder to overcome barriers in the management of direct intervention. Online psychoeducation can also save costs and facilitate access and services to obtain information that is needed by patients and their families. Reporting complaints, symptoms and often uncontrolled feelings can be done immediately by using the program. For the families, online intervention is very effective because of the availability of information are felt to be very effective of information on how to handle people bipolar disorder as well as details about self-control management for themselves.

Applications: Online psychoeducation should continue to develop not only for the patient but also for primary family caregivers. This article collects, analyze and confirm the requirement of online psychoeducation.

Novelty: Author did this study by reviewing published literature. This kind of analysis is first time done by the author for the suitability of online psychoeducation for bipolar disorder patients and their family.
STUDY OF FOOD SECURITY THROUGH FOOD WASTE AND LOSS CONTROL MECHANISM IN KENYA
Authors: Were Simon O , Miricho M N , Maranga N V
Published: January 2019

Food waste within the hospitality’s restaurant operations contribute immensely to the global food wastes, and studies reveal that it contributes 45% of wastes through food preparation and production processes, 21% through food spoilage as a result of poor storage and 34% through food leavers as observed from customer plates. Further, research confirms that food wastage has directly resulted in the starvation of over 842 million people, with over 1.3 billion tons documented as food wastages, while substantial amounts of this food waste and losses taking place within the larger hospitality restaurant’s operations.

The factors influencing these food waste generation included; the type of service, the type of food served, the expected and actual numbers of customers, the season and the food service organization, which are addressed by this study in an attempt to propose ways of reducing food waste and losses, and hence promoting food security.

The study narrows down to the prevention solutions approach, which was employed on the basis of; menu design, portion choices and customized dishes, use of smaller plates during service, procuring optimized quantities, proper application of product specifications, and employment of waste tracking and analytics methodologies, which when appropriately applied in the restaurant food operations business will significantly reduce food waste and losses, and by extension global food insecurity.
APPLICATION OF GEOSPATIAL TECHNIQUES IN THE LOCATIONAL PLANNING OF HEALTH CARE CENTERS IN MINNA, NIGERIA
Authors: Olubadewo-Joshua Oluwaseun , Ugom Kenneth Michael
Published: January 2019

Access to health care is an important component of an overall health system and a major indicator of growth. Health care planning and Geographic Information System (GIS) are two relevant fields that depend upon spatial data. GIS plays an essential role in helping public health organizations to understand population health and make decisions with the powerful tools and situation that GIS technology provides. The purpose of the study to investigated the spatial distribution of health care centers in Minna, Nigeria with a view to use Geographic Information System (GIS) technique in health care management and planning. The method is a qualitative research that is used in making decisions in order to have a strong understanding of government policies and programs.  Beyond the many uses of a GIS in health applications, the greatest power of a GIS lies in its ability to integrate information from disparate sources. Traffic disturbances and poor road network were observed to be the major factors militating against effective health care facilities location in the study area.

 

Keywords: Geographic Information Systems, Healthcare, Planning, Remote Sensing, Research

 

© 2018 Department of Geography Education, University of Jember
THE EFFECT OF VEHICLES INTENSITY IN SUMBERSARI JEMBER REGENCY
Authors: Sari Eva Kurnia , Pramesty Dinda Ayu
Published: January 2019

The main problem is vehicles very much owned by the public of Indonesia. One of transportation that is used population usefulness as a tool for mobility to a place that will be addressed, from rural to urban areas or vice versa. Community needs more triggers the movement of people from one place to another. Highway average - average be passed by a motorcycle and a car. Geography and transport have a very close relationship. The purpose of this study was to analyze the density of the vehicle in the sumbersari area of Kabupaten Jember. The method used is a survey using a sample area. The results showed that vehicle density most often occurs in the morning and evening.

 

 

Keywords: mobility, effective today, the volume of vehicles

 

© 2018 Department of Geography Education, University of Jember
An Instrument to Measure Mental Health Professionals’ Beliefs and Attitudes towards Service Users’ Rights
Authors: Eiroa-Orosa Francisco José , Limiñana-Bravo Laura
Published: January 2019

We aimed at developing and validating a scale on the beliefs and attitudes of mental health professionals towards services users’ rights in order to provide a valid evaluation instrument for training activities with heterogeneous mental health professional groups. Items were extracted from a review of previous instruments, as well as from several focus groups which have been conducted with different mental health stakeholders, including mental health service users. The preliminary scale consisted of 44 items and was administered to 480 mental health professionals. After eliminating non-discriminant and low weighting items, a final scale of 25 items was obtained. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses produced a four-factor solution consisting of the following four dimensions; system criticism/justifying beliefs, freedom/coercion, empowerment/paternalism, and tolerance/discrimination. The scale shows high concordance with our theoretical model as well as adequate parameters of explained variance, model fit, and internal reliability. Additional work is required to assess the cultural equivalence and psychometrics of this tool in other settings and populations, including health students.
Few Open Access Journals are Plan S Compliant
Authors: Frantsvåg Jan Erik , Strømme Tormod Eismann
Published: January 2019

Much of the debate on Plan S seems to concentrate on how to make toll access journals open access, taking for granted that existing open access journals are Plan S compliant. We suspected this was not so, and set out to explore this using DOAJ's journal metadata. We conclude that an overwhelmingly large majority of open access journals are not Plan S compliant, and that it is small HSS publishers not charging APCs that are least compliant and will face major challenges with becoming compliant. Plan S need to give special considerations to smaller publishers and/or non-APC-based journals.
Potential of Sorghum bicolor L. (Moench) and the Effect of Enhancements in Remediation of Petroleum-Vitiated Soils of an Automobile Repair Workshop in Urbanite Kampala
Authors: Omara Timothy , Kalukusu Raymond , Adupa Eddie , Owori Tom , Kizza David Mawanda , Obonge Jimmy
Published: January 2019

The potential of Sorghum bicolor L. (Moench) (Epuripur 1995) to phytoremediate petroleum oil-adulterated soils from an automobile repair workshop and the effect of enhancement factors: NPK fertilizer, cow dung and sewage sludge in in situ phytoremediation of the soil by the plant were assessed in this study. 50kg of petroleum oil-contaminated soil was collected from the workshop and divided into five equal portions. Four portions were potted with four sorghum plants with three subjected to equal amounts of enhancements (5%w/w) under normal growth conditions for 72 days. Representative soil samples were collected from spots at depths of 0–10 cm and 10–20 cm from the potted soils and subjected to Soxhlet oil extraction after 72 days. Experimental results revealed that S. bicolor survived in the petroleum oil-contaminated soils. Amendment of the petroleum oil-vitiated soils with cow dung, sewage sludge and NPK fertilizer augmented the remediation capacity of Epuripur 1995 by 12.5%, 6.3% and 9.1%. Addition of cow dung to crude oil contaminated soils could make such soils fully reestablished for agricultural activities. Further research aimed at determination of the phytoremediation potential of cereals such as corn, barley, rye, millet should be done.
An Experimental Study of the Failure Mode of ZnO Varistors under Multiple Lightning Stroke
Authors: Zhang Chunlong , Xing Hongyan , Li Pengfei , Li Chunying , Lv Dongbo , Yang Shaojie
Published: January 2019

In this study, in order to explore the failure mode of ZnO varistors under multiple lightning stroke, a 5-pulse 8/20 μs nominal lightning current with pulse intervals of 50 ms was applied to the ZnO varistors. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD) were used to analyze the microstructure of the material. The failure processes of ZnO varistors caused by multiple lightning impulse current were described. The performance changes of ZnO varistors after multiple lightning impulses were analyzed from macro and micro perspectives. According to the results of this study’s experiments, the macroscopic failure mode of the ZnO varistors after multiple lightning impulse was that the electrical parameters deteriorate rapidly with the increase of the number of impulse groups, and finally destroyed by side-corner cracking. The microstructural examination indicated that after the multiple lightning strokes, the proportion of Bi in the several crystal phases had been converted, the grain size of ZnO varistors became smaller, and the white intergranular phase (Bi-rich grain boundary layer) increased significantly. The failure mechanism was thermal damage and grain boundary structure damage caused by temperature gradient thermal stress generated by multiple lightning current.
Startup Modelling Through Strategy Frame for Long Term Sustainability
Authors: Khan Muhammad Rahatullah
Published: January 2019

The long term sustainability and longevity of the business life cycle depends on correct understanding of the contextual constituents, triggers and dynamics, pre-startup planning, strategy and financial forecasting where business plans are developed to understand and forecast project viability, pitch ideas and secure funding. At the same time there is a lack of one page startup business model.

Identifying this need, a ‘startup business strategy frame’ has been developed through learnings and encompassing design thinking, the business canvas and other strategy models and approaches. It provides a logical sequential flow and connects value drivers on environmental, strategic including operational and financial levels of proposed startup in a sequential format.

To arrive at the frame as a logical conclusion a website www.strategizestartup.com is developed to build startup business model and plans in a time and cost effective process. The website assists the startups at each stage through a work and guidebook. The website takes the user from creative ideation by charting the context to build the strategy and measuring the financial impact.

This startup strategy model will alleviate the problems for the first and second stage entrepreneurs to ideate creatively and strategizing. It also eradicates the issues related to reading and understanding long plans which could be an exhaustive and cumbersome process.