bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimized Integration of Medium-Voltage Multimegawatt DC Charging Stations: Concepts, Guidelines and Analysis
Authors: Biswas Sumanta , Gerald Cham Kpu , Herndler Barbara , Stahleder Daniel , Wimmer Yannick , Makoschitz Markus
Published: October 2024

The integration of multimegawatt fast chargers into local distribution grids is becoming increasingly relevant due to recent initiatives to push for higher charging power, especially for applications like heavy-duty vehicles. However, the high-power capacity of these chargers, especially when multiple units operate simultaneously at specific locations, raises several important considerations for the optimal design and integration of multimegawatt fast chargers. These include, for example, power electronics architectures and dedicated designs, grid stability, and the incorporation of renewable energy systems. Thus, this paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the key factors influencing the optimal integration of these ultra-high-power chargers, looking into impacts on medium-voltage (MV) networks, the design considerations for medium-voltage power electronics in DC chargers, and the potential of renewable energy systems to offset grid demand. Additionally, this paper explores the potential high-level communication requirements necessary for efficient and reliable charger operation, including a proposal for a robust communication interface layer stack. This investigation aims to provide a holistic understanding of the challenges and opportunities associated with integrating multimegawatt fast chargers into existing power systems, offering insights into the enhancement of both performance and sustainability.
El ciclo electoral en América Latina (2023-2024): Liderazgos antipluralistas, polarización perniciosa, insatisfacción ciudadana y resiliencia democrática
Authors: Freidenberg Flavia
Published: October 2024

En el ciclo electoral 2023-2024 se llevaron a cabo 18 elecciones, de las cuales diez fueron a nivel nacional para el Poder Ejecutivo. En un escenario de erosión de los compromisos con la democracia, éxito en las urnas de liderazgos antipluralistas, vaciamiento del centro político, alta polarización tóxica y fuertes críticas hacia la política tradicional, América Latina continuó haciendo elecciones de manera rutinaria y periódica. Las elecciones siguen siendo el mecanismo legítimo para seleccionar autoridades, dirimir los conflictos y activar el control político, a pesar de la erosión generalizada de la democracia. Salvo en Ecuador, México, El Salvador y Venezuela, los procesos electorales se han dado en altas condiciones de integridad e incluso han servido como fuentes de resistencia frente a ciertos retrocesos. Tras este ciclo, la región enfrenta profundos desafíos para garantizar la convivencia plural y democrática.
Language of primary medical qualification and differential MRCGP exam attainment: an observational study
Authors: Brown Victoria Tzortziou , Haviland Joanne , Priyadarshini Garima , Turner Melody , George Riya Elizabeth , Siriwardena Aloysius Niroshan , Gregory Simon
Published: October 2024

Background

International medical graduates (IMGs) comprise more than half of GP registrars but are more likely to fail postgraduate assessments than UK graduates.

Aim

To assess whether there is an association between the language of the primary medical qualification (PMQ) and Membership of the Royal College of General Practitioners (MRCGP) results, and whether performance in previous prequalification assessments is correlated.

Design and setting

Retrospective observational study in the UK.

Method

The World Directory of Medical Schools and the UK Medical Education databases were used to obtain data for all candidates who sat the MRCGP exams between October 2013 and July 2021 (n= 28 020). Candidates were split into three cohorts: cohort 1 comprised UK graduates; cohort 2 comprised IMGs with English as the language of the PMQ, who trained in countries with English (cohort 2a) or non-English (cohort 2b) as a first language; and cohort 3 included IMGs with non-English as the language of the PMQ. Logistic and linear regression analyses were used to compare the odds of exam passing and the scores relative to pass. Associations with past Multi-Specialty Recruitment Assessment (MSRA) scores, International English Language Testing System (IELTS) scores, and Professional and Linguistic Assessments Board (PLAB) scores were examined.

Results

IMGs who trained in countries with non-English as a first language had statistically significantly lower odds of passing the exams and lower exam scores across all exam components. There were statistically significant positive correlations between MRCGP exam scores and MSRA, IELTS, and PLAB scores.

Conclusion

English being the language of the PMQ and undertaking medical training in a country with English as the native language seemed to result in statistically significantly better chances of passing the exams and better exam scores. Performance in prequalification assessments can help to identify those IMG registrars who may benefit from tailored support.
INTEGRATION OF MOBILE LEARNING APPLICATION-SUPPORTED COLLABORATIVE LEARNING: REVIEW IN HIGHER EDUCATION CASE
Authors: Firdaus Dailami , Ahmad Masduki , Armiati Reni
Published: October 2024

Integration of mobile learning application-supported collaborative learning: review in higher education case. This study aims to determine: 1) Mobile applications in collaborative learning in higher education; 2) Integration of mobile applications in learning in higher education; 3) How the influence of application integration factors on learning in higher education. This study uses a literature review system to obtain articles by selecting titles and contexts. The articles obtained and analyzed were as many as 30 articles. Furthermore, advanced data is presented by grouping the applications, educational subjects, and research methods. The results show: 1) There are six types of mobile applications in use, namely social media, cloud, mobile app, MOOCS, web, and LMS; 2) Integration learning is carried out by selecting applications that can support collaborative learning, dividing student groups, utilizing available features to deliver learning; 3) The positive influence of mobile learning on collaborative learning is 90%. Based on the research results, lecturers in higher education can use the following recommendations: Implementation of collaborative learning can be done with various types of mobile applications. Educators are advised only to use mobile applications that contain text communication and image sending. When choosing a mobile application, it is recommended to consider learning objective and utilize the available features to deliver learning.
Introducción al dossier "El habla visual: Treinta años de Lingüística de la Lengua de Señas Argentina en la revista Signo y Seña”
Authors: Martínez Rocío Anabel , Cvejanov Sandra
Published: October 2024

El dossier "El habla visual: Treinta años de Lingüística de la Lengua de Señas Argentina" de la revista Signo y Seña está motivado por dos efemérides: (i) el 30 aniversario del primer volumen monográfico, publicado en esta misma revista, que incluyó las primeras descripciones gramaticales en español sobre la LSA, traducciones sobre otras lenguas de señas y artículos sobre educación de personas sordas y (ii) el primer aniversario de la ley de reconocimiento de la LSA a nivel nacional. El dossier celebra estos logros con cuatro artículos que abordan temas de gramática de la LSA y de traducción/interpretación LSA-español. Los artículos exploran los siguientes temas: construcciones comparativas de desigualdad en la LSA, interrogativas alternativas en la LSA, la interpretación de términos de economía en el discurso político hacia la LSA y la traducción de textos del español escrito hacia la LSA videograbada.
Controle de qualidade microbiológico de água em uma clínica escola de odontologia do sul do Brasil
Authors: Schmitt Ana Paula Iatchac , Silva Michelle dos Santos da , Voltolini Adrielli Tenfen
Published: October 2024

A transmissão de microrganismos pode ser viabilizada no manejo odontológico, através do uso da água contaminada. Esta contaminação pode se dar através dos equipamentos utilizados, que são irrigados por esta água. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar o controle de qualidade microbiológico desta água, analisando a incidência dos agentes patogênicos, formadores de biofilme. Foram coletadas amostras dos reservatórios de água individual de vinte e cinco cadeiras de odontologia de uma clínica escola de Odontologia.  As amostras foram coletadas em triplicata, em dias alternados e posteriormente foram avaliadas separadamente. Foi avaliado a presença de coliformes fecais e de bactérias patogênicas em todas as amostras. Os resultados expressam uma média dos valores obtidos para a triplicata de cada amostra. Dentre as 25 cadeiras, nove apresentaram resultado positivo para presença de microrganismos, e em nenhuma ultrapassou o limite de coliformes fecais. Os microrganismos identificados foram Staphilococus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa e Escherichia coli.
Síndrome de Wolff Parkinson White: relato de caso
Authors: Veludo Ana Clara de Carvalho , Karam Luana , Karam Julia , Pace Maria Antonia Loiola , Veludo Eduardo Tiveron , Franco Marcelo Carrijo
Published: October 2024

Introdução: A síndrome de Wolff-Parkinson-White (SWPW) é uma condição congênita caracterizada pela presença de uma via elétrica acessória, resultando em pré-excitação ventricular. Os sintomas incluem episódios de taquiarritmias, com ou sem baixo débito, e achados típicos no ECG, como intervalo PR curto e onda delta no início do QRS. Relato de caso: Paciente masculino, 23 anos apresentou aos 13 anos episódios de palpitações paroxísticas em repouso e ao esforço, associados a lipotímia, que cessavam espontaneamente, permanecendo longos períodos sem sintomas. Aos 22 anos, procurou atendimento médico e ao realizar ECG e teste ergométrico (TE) teve diagnóstico da SWPW. Foi indicada a ablação da via acessória, que foi realizada com sucesso com desaparecimento da onda delta e das arritmias induzidas pelo esforço. Discussão: Neste caso clínico a sintomatologia de palpitações por vezes com sinais de baixo débito foi negligenciada por anos até que fosse investigada e feito o diagnóstico com apenas um ECG de repouso. O teste ergométrico contribuiu com a estratificação de risco e com a confirmação de presença de taquiarritmia como causa das palpitações. Frente a recorrência dos sintomas a opção terapêutica foi a ablação realizada com sucesso e provável cura. Conclusão: A SWPW é uma doença por vezes subdiagnosticada sobretudo quando os sintomas são leves e intermitentes. O eletrocardiograma é o método de escolha para seu diagnóstico. Embora o tratamento medicamentoso possa ser escolhido, sobretudo em crianças, a recorrência de sintomas ou a identificação de risco de morte súbita são critérios de indicação do tratamento por ablação.
Aplicação da inteligência artificial no diagnóstico e monitoramento do Câncer de Mama: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Pellenz Alexandro Emédio , Barbosa Júllia Santana da Silva , Geraldes Jordi Guimarães dos Santos , Alves Pietro Matheus Bompet Fontoura , Vasconcelos Juliana
Published: October 2024

Introdução: O câncer de mama é uma das neoplasias mais prevalentes e a segunda principal causa de morte por câncer entre mulheres em todo o mundo. Devido à sua heterogeneidade genética e molecular, o diagnóstico e o tratamento eficazes representam desafios significativos. A inteligência artificial (IA) tem emergido como uma ferramenta promissora para melhorar a precisão diagnóstica e o monitoramento do câncer de mama, oferecendo potencial para análises mais profundas e personalizadas. Objetivo: Revisar a literatura sobra a eficácia da Inteligência Artificial no diagnóstico e monitoramento do câncer de mama. Métodos: Este trabalho é uma revisão sistemática, seguindo fielmente os critérios estabelecidos pela checklist PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). A pesquisa ocorreu por meio da consulta de artigos científicos publicados nas seguintes bases de dados médicas e científicas: PubMed, SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) e a Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). A estratégia de busca adotada empregou palavras-chave previamente definidas, quais sejam: “inteligência artificial”, “aprendizado de máquina”, “câncer de mama”, “diagnóstico e monitoramento”.  Resultados: Foram identificados na busca inicial nas bases de dados citadas 47 artigos, com leitura dos títulos e resumos por três avaliadores. A partir da análise de elegibilidade, o avaliador 1 decidiu pela inclusão de 17 artigos (36,17%), a avaliadora 2 de 17 artigos (36,17%) e o avaliador 3 de 19 artigos (40,43%). Discussão: A utilização da inteligência artificial tem revolucionado diagnóstico, o tratamento e o prognóstico de pacientes com câncer de mama. Esse recurso desempenha um papel crucial como uma ferramenta de suporte à decisão e, portanto, auxiliando na prevenção de descuidos por especialistas médicos. Conclusão: Os resultados indicam que a inteligência artificial tem um papel significativo na melhoria da precisão e eficácia no diagnóstico e monitoramento do câncer de mama. Algoritmos de aprendizado de máquina, especialmente RNCs, MVSs, radiômica e termômica, demonstram alta acurácia e sensibilidade quando comparados aos métodos tradicionais de imagem. A adoção dessas tecnologias pode levar a diagnósticos mais precoces e tratamentos mais eficazes, potencialmente reduzindo a mortalidade associada ao câncer de mama.
Hesitação e recusa vacinal: revisando as causas para enfrentar seus desafios
Authors: Braga Lara Cardoso Dias , Santos Gracielle Camargos , Borborema Iago Fane , Afonso Caroline Rezende Pacheco de Paula
Published: October 2024

Embora a hesitação vacinal seja um fenômeno observado desde o desenvolvimento do primeiro imunizante, essa questão ganhou grande visibilidade nos últimos anos devido à pandemia pela COVID-19 e ao reaparecimento de doenças erradicadas como sarampo e poliomielite. Portanto, esta revisão objetiva revisar os fatores envolvidos na recusa e hesitação vacinal e discutir estratégias para seu enfrentamento. Para tal, foi empreendida revisão abrangente da literatura disponível sobre o tema, por meio das bases de dados SciELO e Medline. Assim, os principais motivos que levam pais e responsáveis a não vacinar seus filhos concernem dúvidas e medo em relação à eficácia e segurança dos imunizantes, crenças sociais, religiosas ou filosóficas e negligência dos potenciais benefícios. Logo, as principais abordagens no combate a essa questão de saúde pública tem ênfase na melhor comunicação de profissionais de saúde sobre os benefícios da vacinação, políticas de incentivo e combate a informações falsas, especialmente nas mídias digitais, espaço que é um poderoso veículo para uma correta educação em saúde. Conclui-se que a abordagem da hesitação vacinal é complexa e demanda profundo entendimento das suas causas para um correto enfrentamento.
على طولِ بَلدَةِ الكُوَيْت وجَزيرَتِها فِيْلِكا في 1839م: إضاءاتٌ نَقدِيَّةٌ على مَوْجاتِ جائِحَةِ الكوليرا وقَضايا أخرى عَبْرَ تَقْريرِ جِيْمس فِلِكْس جونز
Authors: خرشان محمد راشد
Published: October 2024

يخْضَع تَقرير الضّابِط البريطانِيّ جيمس فِلِكْس جونز، أَحد تَقارير شَرِكَة الهِنْد الشَّرقِيَّة البريطانيَّة ("East India Company "EIC) المُتَعَلِّقَة بِتاريخ الخَليج الحَديث، إلى قِراءَةٍ نَقْدِيَّةٍ بُغْيَةَ مُقارَبَة تَصَوُّرات مُتَنَوِّعَة الطَّرْح لِديناميكِيَّةِ مُجتَمَعَيْ بَلدَة الكُوَيْت وجَزيرَتها فِيْلِكا في عامِ 1839م. وفَضْلًا عَن التَّقْرير تُؤْخَذ مَصادِر أَوَّلِيَّة مُخْتارَة لِفَتْرَةِ (1817 - 1868م)، إِضافَةً لِمَرْوِيّاتِ ذاكِرَتَي البَلْدَة والجَزيرَة الجَمْعِيَّتَيْن، بِعَيْنِ الاعْتِبار لارتباطِ بَعْضها بِتَفاعُلاتِ هذَيْن المُجتَمَعَيْن مع إِحْدى قضايا المونوغراف الرَّئيسَة؛ أَيْ مع مَوْجات جائِحَة الكوليرا الأربعة الأولى.لِإماطَةِ لِثام نَقْص مَعْلومات تاريخِيَّة ما مَنْشورَة بالعَرَبِيَّة، ولِلكَشْفِ عَن خَطَأِ إِمْلاءات بَعْضها، عن كُلٍّ مِن مَضامينِ التَّقرير والمَصادِر الأَوَّلِيَّة الأخرى المُتَعَلِّقَة بِمسائِلِ الدِّراسَة، تَمّ تَطْبيق نَهْجَي النَّقْدَيْن الظّاهِري والباطِني عَلَيْها. فيما يَتَعَلَّق بالنَّقْدِ الأوَّل، طُرِحَتْ سَبْعَة تَساؤلات لَهُ تَنوطُ بِجَوْهَرِ الدِّراسَة الوَثائِقِيّ؛ أَيْ تَقْرير ج. جونز. أمّا النَّقْد الثّاني، فاتَّكَأَ على أُسْلوبَي التَّحليلَيْن الدّاخِليّ لِنَصّ التَّقرير والخارِجِيّ المُقارِن فيما بينه وبَيْن المَصادِر الأخرى ذات الطّابِعَيْن الوَثائِقي والرِّوائي الجَمْعي. ومع النَّهْجَيْن السَّابِقَيْن جَنْبًا إلى جَنْبٍ، تَعْتَمِد الدِّراسَة على إِخْضاعِ إِحْدى مُقارَبَتَي المَنْهَج البَيْنِيّ، وهِيَ المُقارَبَة مُتَعَدِّدَة التَّخَصُّصات (multidisciplinary-approach)، إلى المَبْحَثِ بِوَساطَةِ اللُّجوء لِمَباحِثِ حُقولٍ عِلمِيَّةٍ إِنْسانِيَّةٍ وتَجْريبِيَّة الهُوِيَّة بِجانِبِ التّاريخِ، تَعْدادُها خَمْسَة حُقول.تَنْتَهي الدِّراسَة إلى مَجموعَةِ تَوْصِيات واستنتاجات مُنقَسِمَة طَبيعَةً فيما بَيْن حَقائِق مِن جِهَة، وفَرَضِيّات مِن جِهَةٍ أُخْرى تَنْصَبُّ جُلُّها على مَوْضوعِ الجَزيرَة.
تكتيكات الإعلان بوصفها متغيرا وسيطا في العلاقة بين المعرفة الإقناعية ونمط استجابة كل من الأطفال والشباب: دراسة مقارنة بين سلع الاستقراب وسلع التسوق
Authors: إبراهيم محمد محمود
Published: October 2024

تزايد في الآونة الأخيرة اهتمام الباحثين والممارسين بالمعرفة الإقناعية ومدى تجاوب الأطفال مقارنة بالشباب مع النوايا الإعلانية للمسوقين وفي هذا السياق يحاول البحث تقديم إجابات عن العلاقة بين تكتيكات الإعلان بوصفها متغيراً وسيطاً بين المعرفة الإقناعية وأنماط استجابة العملاء وذلك باستخدام التصميم البحثي 2×2×2، حيث يتم الاستعانة بوجهتي نظر طرفي التبادل (العملاء، المسوقون) 2، الفئةالعمرية (الأطفال، الشباب) 2، ونوع السلع (استقراب، تسوق) 2. وقد أوضحت النتائج أن المعرفة الإقناعية بنوعيها - النية للإخبار، النية للإقناع – تتباين وفقا لنوع التكتيك الذي يستخدمه المعلنون عند تصميم الرسالة الإعلانية. كما تبين وجود علاقات متداخلة بين المتغيرات المستقلة ( تكتكيات الإعلان) والمتغيرات التابعة (أنماط الاستجابة)، كذلك فإن متوسط أنماط الاستجابة لتوقعات المعلنين كانت أكبر دائماً من متوسط أنماط الاستجابة الفعلية للعملاء. وقد أوصت الدراسة بضرورة تقديم برامج تعليمية تحقق التوازن بين الأهداف الإعلانية ومصلحة الجمهور المستهدف حتي يمكن تحقيق الرشادة في إدارة تعارض المصالح، مع التركيز على النية للإخبار عند صياغة تكتيكات الإعلان المتعلقة بتكرار الإعلان، تقديم الهدايا الترويجية، التركيز على النية الإقناعية عند صياغة تكتيكات الإعلان المتعلقة بمزايا المنتج، والفكاهة والمرح مع ضرورة الاهتمام بالتكتيكات المتعلقة بالمكون العاطفي؛ حيث تجذب الأطفال، الاهتمام بالتكتيكات المتعلقة بالمكون الإدراكي والتشوق للمعرفة؛ حيث تجذب الشباب.
Burden of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease for 70-Year-old Adults and Older in Iran During 1990-2021
Authors: Aletaha Reza , Shamekh Ali , Tahmasbi Fatemeh , Sullman Mark JM , Arshi Shahnam , Kolahi Ali-Asghar
Published: October 2024

Objectives: To comprehensively examine the burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among Iranians aged 70 and above, with a focus on gender, age, and provincial differences from 1990 to 2021. Design: Systematic analysis. Outcome measures: Data were derived from the Global Burden of Disease study 2021. Estimates were provided as numbers and age-standardized rates per 100000, accompanied by their 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). Results: In 2021, COPD had an age-standardized prevalence of approximately 16 thousand per 100000 among Iranians aged 70 and older (95% UI: 13–19 thousand per 100000). This rate increased by 65.2% compared to 1990, which was statistically significant. COPD also accounted for 8,084 deaths in the elderly population of Iran in 2021. Furthermore, the disability-adjusted life year (DALY) rate was 3834.7 per 100000 individuals, reflecting a 6.4% increase from 1990 to 2021. Tehran and Ilam recorded the highest and lowest point prevalence per 100000, at 116000 and 3400, respectively. From 1990 to 2021, every province in Iran experienced a statistically significant increase in age-standardized prevalence rates. In 2021, although men experienced slightly higher deaths and DALYs and women had more prevalent cases, the overall prevalence, mortality, and DALYs related to COPD demonstrated no significant differences between the sexes. Additionally, in 2021, the age-standardized prevalence, mortality, and DALYs attributable to COPD increased with advancing age. Conclusions: The burden of COPD among the elderly in Iran has increased since 1990, paralleling the growth of the elderly population and an increase in COPD-related risk factors. Implementing preemptive measures, raising public awareness, and enacting risk management policies can effectively curb the ongoing rise of COPD in Iran.
Prevalence of Dipylidium caninum in Stray and Pet Dogs in Siddharthanagar Municipality, Rupandehi, Nepal
Authors: Khanal Rashok , Malla Keshav Raj , Shrestha Birendra
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Dipylidium caninum (double-pored tapeworm) is a common tapeworm found in the small intestines of dogs, cats, foxes, and occasionally humans. It is a zoonotic parasite that causes dipylidiasis, commonly known as dog tapeworm, which is acquired by ingesting infected fleas. The major goal of this study is to determine the prevalence of D. caninum in stray and pet dogs in Siddharthanagar municipality, along with its various risk factors (age, sex, breed, deworming status, and flea infestation). Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out from June to August 2021. A total of 200 fecal samples (100 stray and 100 pet) were collected purposively from different wards of Siddharthanagar municipality and examined for the presence of proglottids and eggs of D. caninum. Results: The overall prevalence was found to be 12.5%, with a significantly higher prevalence in stray dogs (18%) than in pet dogs (7%) (P<0.05). Males (14.15%) showed a higher prevalence than females (10.35%), but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Similarly, an insignificant difference was observed between dogs aged less than one year (8.0%) and dogs older than one year (15.20%) (P>0.05). Based on the deworming status, the prevalence was higher in non-dewormed dogs (13.87%) than in dewormed dogs (3.70%), but the difference was found to be statistically insignificant (P>0.05). Similarly, significance was found in the flea infestation (P<0.05), with a higher prevalence in flea-infested dogs (20.56%) than in flea-non-infested dogs (3.22%). Also, only 13.5% of dog owners surveyed were aware of canine helminth zoonoses. Conclusion: This study shows a comparatively higher prevalence of D. caninum in stray, non-dewormed, and flea-infested dogs. An awareness program to educate the local community on canine zoonoses, appropriate anti-helminthic treatment, and control of the street dog population might ultimately reduce the prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths in Siddharthanagar municipality.
Eye on Advances in Parasitology Diagnostics
Authors: El-Tonsy Manar Mahmoud , Nazeer John Talaat
Published: October 2024

Parasitic infections cause significant morbidity and mortality in tropical and subtropical regions. Accurate and rapid diagnosis is mandatory for effective clinical management. However, the diagnosis of parasitic diseases is defective, especially in developing countries. Researchers have developed new advanced parasitology diagnostics such as smartphones, digital PCR, internet-based bio-surveillance, DNA barcoding, and geometric morphometric analysis. They revealed better sensitivity and specificity, fewer human mistakes, and lower costs. The introduction of artificial intelligence will revolutionize diagnostics when used with these new approaches. Some limitations may be present in developing countries such as internet access and steady Wi-Fi coverage. Hence, combining conventional and advanced methods may decrease limitations and improve diagnosis.
Assessing the Need for Continuity of Preventive Environmental Health Recommendations to Avoid Contamination With COVID-19: A Systematic Review Study
Authors: Zazouli Mohammad Ali , Yousefi Zabihollah , Niknejad Hadi , Ala Alireza
Published: October 2024

The coronavirus may persist for an extended period, underscoring the importance of maintaining preventive environmental health recommendations and sustainable environmental health management to curb viral infections and prevent the resurgence of COVID-19. This systematic review of existing literature aimed to assess the role of environmental health in COVID-19 prevention. The systematic review involved searching scientific articles across databases including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, using keywords such as Environmental Health, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Coronavirus, and Preventive. Articles were included based on their provision of full-text research focusing on the role of environmental health in COVID-19 prevention. Quality assessment and validation using the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist were conducted independently by two authors. Ultimately, 20 articles comprising descriptive observational studies, systematic reviews, and analytical articles were selected from the total number of articles identified. Public participation in health protocols, environmental factors control, preventive recommendations, promotion of protective behaviors, immunization, and implementation of management measures emerged as critical strategies for effective risk communication and notification of preventive recommendations in addressing COVID-19. Fostering mutual understanding and sustaining public engagement are vital components in the ongoing battle against COVID-19. Given the significance of preventive measures and adherence to health protocols, ensuring the continuity of essential health services, implementing a combination of strategies to contain viral spread within society, and providing systematic information to stakeholders are underscored as crucial elements.
Management of Municipal Waste Storage and Transportation Systems Based on Passive Defense Principles: A Case Study in District 6 of Tehran Municipality, Iran
Authors: Amiri Mohsen , Zaeimdar Mojgan , Khaledi Hamidreza , Rezaian Sahar
Published: October 2024

Background: Effective waste management is critical during crises, as it can lead to the release of toxic waste and the mixing of hazardous substances, which can have detrimental effects on the environment and public health. Proper storage and transportation of waste during critical times can significantly reduce vulnerability through the implementation of passive defense measures, as examined in this study. Methods: This descriptive-analytical research was undertaken to identify passive defense principles and location criteria for waste storage and transportation systems in District 6 of Tehran municipality, Iran. After determining the effective factors in the socioeconomic, physicalspatial, hydrological-climatic, geological, and passive defense sectors, the identified criteria were subdivided into 35 sub-criteria across seven main criteria. These were evaluated by 28 experts in waste management and crisis management using the Delphi method over two stages and subsequently prioritized using the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). Results: The criteria "Population density", "Distance to fault", and "Distance to power substation", with similarity to ideal solution (cli ) values of 0.861, 0.774, and 0.771, respectively, were identified as the top priorities. Conversely, "Distance to gas pressure-reducing stations" (cli=0.134) was determined to be the least significant risk factor in the location of the mechanized systems. Conclusion: Intelligently locating mechanized waste storage and transportation systems based on the coefficients of the prioritized effective factors, following the principles of passive defense, can not only mitigate the vulnerability of the urban area during critical conditions but also enhance environmental and health conditions during normal times.
Comparative Analysis of Environmental Sustainability and Performance Indices of Different Gas Turbine Inlet Cooling Systems
Authors: Usungurua Enefiok Okon , Ekanem Imoh Ime , Ikpe Aniekan Essienubong
Published: October 2024

Background: A thermodynamic analysis was performed on the inlet air cooling system of a natural gas-fueled turbine at the Afam power plant in Nigeria. The objective was to identify optimal conditions for environmental sustainability, performance output, fossil fuel economy, and cost-effectiveness. Methods: Three cooling methods were evaluated: spray cooler with wetted media, fogging system, and mechanical chiller. Energy, exergy, and exergy-economic models for both the existing and modeled turbine units were compared. The developed program source code indicated that both sustainability and performance indices improved when the turbine inlet cooling system adhered to design specifications. Results: The refrigeration method achieved the lowest inlet temperature at 15 ℃ and a sustainability index (SI) of 2.243. The SI decreased with increasing ambient temperatures due to higher total exergetic destruction. Regarding performance indices—net turbine output, energy efficiency, and exergy efficiency—the spray cooler had the highest values at 98.845 WM, 29.05%, and 28.49% respectively. This was followed by the mechanical chiller at 100.692 WM, 29.25%, and 29.03%, and the fogging system at 98.695 WM, 29.03%, and 28.45%. The base system recorded the lowest values at 95.70 WM, 28.69%, and 27.58%, attributed to increased compressor work. Both the environmental effect factor (EEF) and waste exergy ratio (WER) decreased with rising ambient temperature due to total exergetic destruction. conclusion: The refrigeration cooling method is recommended due to its lower inlet conditions, minimal exergy destruction, and high environmental sustainability, performance efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. Inlet-air cooling remains an efficient technique for improved performance.
Assessing the Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health: A Study of the Climate-Health Nexus in Nampula City, Mozambique
Authors: Vundo Augusto , Muchiguere Estrela , Akhmetov Almaz
Published: October 2024

Background: Variations in temperature and precipitation can cause an increase in vector-borne and water-borne diseases. Situated in a vulnerable geographic area, Mozambique is particularly susceptible to such climate-related incidents, leading to floods and the spread of diseases. In this study, we investigated the changes in temperature and precipitation patterns and their impact on the occurrence of vector-borne and water-borne diseases in Nampula, Mozambique. Methods: We used both intra-annual and inter-annual analysis techniques to identify monthly and yearly trends. Linear regression and ANOVA models were applied to assess the relationship between temperature, precipitation, and the selected vector and water-borne diseases (malaria, diarrhea, and dysentery). Results: The analysis of temperature and precipitation data from 2000 to 2019 revealed an overall positive trend and delayed onset and earlier end of the rainy season, implying changes in the timing and duration of rainfall. The analysis of temperature data over the last 10 years revealed an increase in mean minimum temperature. These findings suggest a changing climate pattern characterized by consistent warming trends. Statistically significant results were obtained for the mean minimum temperature from 2010 to 2019 and the mean precipitation from 2000 to 2009 in relation to diarrhea and dysentery, respectively (P<0.05; r=0.70 and 0.64). Conclusion: This study demonstrates a positive correlation between climate variables and malaria, diarrhea, and dysentery.
Identifying Prospective Factors Affecting Environmental Management Accounting in Oil, Gas and Petrochemical Industry
Authors: Bavandpour Lida , Vakilifard Hamidreza , Banimahd Bahman
Published: October 2024

Background: The oil, gas and petrochemical industries are widely considered as significant contributors to environmental pollution. This recognition stems from the intricate nature and extensive utilization of intermediate and production materials within these industries. Methods: In this study, the identification and prioritization of potential factors influencing environmental management accounting (EMA) were conducted utilizing the fuzzy Delphi method. To achieve this objective, an initial set of 20 prospective factors pertaining to EMA was delineated through comprehensive review of pertinent background and theoretical literature. Subsequently, a pairwise comparison questionnaire was administered to 34 experts in management accounting, who were purposively sampled. Following this, the identified influential factors were ranked utilizing the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) technique. Results: Eleven factors out of the initially proposed 20 questions pertaining to prospective factors were prioritized as follows: planning to improve cleaner production techniques, green design, green supply chain management, operational budgeting, research and development expenses, green innovation, designing tools for predicting the environmental consequences, evaluating an environmental investment, investing in renewable environmental projects, environmental cost budgeting, and investing in social responsibility issues. Conclusion: The research indicates limited and fragmented implementation of EMAin organizations, mainly at reactive and preventive stages. Yet, exceptions show its use for cost savings and operational efficiency. As organizations advance in environmental strategy, there’s a rising trend in using EMA for control and monitoring.
Investigating the Concentration of NO3- and Heavy Metals in Some Leafy Vegetables in the Greenhouses of Kermanshah County
Authors: Amerian Masoomeh
Published: October 2024

Background: Vegetables are an important part of healthy diet. This study investigated the concentration of heavy metals and nitrate (NO3 - ) in leafy vegetables cultivated within selected greenhouses in Kermanshah County. Methods: The concentration nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), iron (Fe), and cadmium (Cd) were determined using an atomic absorption spectrometer. NO3 - content was measured utilizing a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 410 nm. To assess the potential health risks associated with vegetable consumption, the health risk index (HRI) for non-cancerous diseases was employed. Results: A significant difference was evident among the three examined vegetables regarding their concentrations of heavy elements and NO3 - . Spinach exhibited the highest NO3 - content at 203.33 mg/kg, while mint demonstrated the lowest at 113 mg/kg. Among the studied vegetables, spinach exhibited the highest concentrations of NO3 - (203.33 mg/kg) and Fe (177.66 mg/kg). Coriander showed the highest concentration of Cd (0.366 mg/kg) and Ni (1.900 mg/kg), while mint displayed the highest concentration of Cu (40.0 mg/kg). The concentration of Ni, Pb and Cd in all three studied vegetables was higher than the World Health Organization (WHO) limit. The HRI for non-cancerous diseases was less than one for the studied heavy metals, and it was higher than one for NO3 - in spinach (1.080). Conclusion: Given that prolonged consumption of vegetables poses a risk of carcinogenesis to consumers, it is imperative to implement corrective measures and maintain ongoing monitoring of heavy metal and NO3 - levels in crops cultivated within greenhouses in Kermanshah.
Freshwater Malacological Fauna of the Ruzizi Plain, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Biodiversity and Outbreaks of Schistosomiasis
Authors: Shabani Ekyamba Isaac
Published: October 2024

Background: In the Ruzizi plain, intestinal schistosomiasis, caused by Schistosoma mansoni and transmitted by Biomphalaria pfeifferi, remains a significant public health challenge. This research offers insights into the diversity of molluscan species in the Ruzizi Congolese plain and the prevalence of schistosomiasis. Methods: The molluscan samples were gathered using a 0.5 mm mesh dip scoop net, sieves, and plastic containers in 2015. Data on schistosomiasis outbreaks from 2010 to 2014 were sourced from local hospitals, supplemented by cases recorded in 2015. Results: The study collected 3763 snails, representing 11 gastropod species. The most prevalent were B. pfeifferi (30.75%), Melanoides tuberculata (25.64%), and Melanoides sp. (18.89%). Ponds and agricultural irrigation canals contained a higher mollusk abundance than rivers. Schistosomiasis infestation rates were 24.5, 18.3, and 15.4% in Luvungi, Sange, and Kiliba villages, respectively. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) revealed positive correlations between Bulinus forskalii, Biomphalaria sp., and Bulinus globosus with pH, and Melanoides sp. with electrical conductivity. In contrast, Bellamya sp. showed a negative correlation with dissolved oxygen (DO). Conclusion: The study confirmed schistosomiasis presence across the Ruzizi Congolese plain, with Luvungi exhibiting notably high prevalence. Just B. pfeifferi was identified as shedding S. mansoni cercariae in the region.
Software for analyzing text information from Telegram
Authors: Illia Makarov , Tetiana Likhouzova
Published: October 2024

In the modern world of information technologies, the development of the Internet has led to a rapid increase in the amount of information. Accordingly, applications that can facilitate work with this information are gaining special relevance today. In this context, systems of aggregation and classification of textual information, which are used to process data from various sources, includ-ing telegram channels, deserve special attention. World trends in this area indicate a growing need for improving tools for processing textual information, which stimulates scientific research and the development of new technologies. The im-portance of such systems is confirmed by active developments in this field by IT companies and uni-versities around the world. The most active field of research is the use of machine learning models for text analysis, which opens up new opportunities for increasing the efficiency of data processing. In the context of developing systems for the analysis of textual information, many existing so-lutions face challenges related to scalability and adaptation to various types of data. However, this work seeks to approach the development of such software from a different angle, focusing its atten-tion on the flexibility and openness of the system to the community. The application supports a lim-ited set of built-in machine learning models optimized for different text data classification tasks, while offering users the ability to integrate their own models according to their unique needs. This approach not only provides a foundation for a wide range of applications, but also promotes com-munity development and innovation by taking advantage of collective intelligence. Software is offered - a web application for analyzing text information from Telegram. Possi-ble areas of application of the developed application cover a wide range of industries - from digital marketing and social research to news analysis and scientific research.
Analysis of ways to automate the dental clinic's workflow
Authors: Violetta Poltava , Tetiana Likhouzova
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the research is to find opportunities to automate the main processes of the dental clinic, to increase the efficiency of the work of dentists and to provide convenient services to clients. Considering the already existing products and their functionality, it is proposed to improve the system of reminders and recommendations of such programs. This may include reminders about the next visit, cancellation of the visit, greetings with holidays, recommendations after the visit ac-cording to the procedure carried out, etc. A personal account for patients is also a relevant feature to provide them with convenient access to their medical history at any time and moment. A list of requirements for software for automating the work of a dental clinic is offered. The main functionality of the web application should be medical and administrative functions, such as registry, dispensary, dental formula, formula 043/о and others. Patient data will be stored in a da-tabase where they will have their own personal chart with dental formula, treatment plan section and medical history. In order to control profits, financial statements must be created. After each paid visit, the amount will be automatically added to the daily report, which can be viewed at any convenient time. To improve the web application, it is recommended to implement a reminder system and add new useful features. This includes the ability to send a conclusion and recommendations after the visit according to the procedure performed, as well as the patient's personal office to access their medical history at any time. Expectations are to simplify and speed up the work process of dentists, save medical informa-tion in one place, provide convenient services to clients, time management and financial reporting.
Technology of creating digital double based on cloud computing platform resources
Authors: Kateryna Ostrovska , Yevhen Ostrovsky , Vitaly Staryk
Published: October 2024

As a result of the work, the technology for creating digital doubles was developed, as well as a digital double prototype was created based on the resources of the Microsoft Azure cloud comput-ing platform. A client program for working with a digital double was also developed. In the course of development, the following tasks were solved: − a review of scientific literature and existing In-ternet of Things solutions for creating digital duplicates was conducted; − technologies provided by cloud computing platforms for creating digital duplicates were studied; - designed and developed a digital double prototype based on the cloud computing resources of the Microsoft Azure computing platform; - testing of the developed prototype was carried out.
Análise de mesófilos e coliformes em produtos embutidos porcionados como indicadores das condições higiênico-sanitárias
Authors: Alves Elizabeth Simões do Amaral , Volpato Bruno Buonora , Souza Marcos Felipe da Silva , Barreto Maria Luiza Batalha , Carvalho Miryam Carolina Pontes Rangel de , Silva João Manoel da , Cadena Pabyton Gonçalves , Medeiros Elizabeth Sampaio de
Published: October 2024

No Brasil, os embutidos cárneos são populares entre as famílias brasileiras, mas podem estar sujeitos à contaminação por patógenos durante o período pós-processamento. A garantia da higiene correta dos alimentos é crucial para diminuir os riscos à saúde pública. Recentemente, devido a mudanças nos hábitos alimentares durante a pandemia, o consumo de embutidos aumentou, assim, é importante avaliar a qualidade microbiológica dos embutidos, especialmente a presença de coliformes totais, termotolerantes, Escherichia coli, e mesófilos. Desta forma, foram feitas análises microbiológicas em embutidos cárneos, com a intensão de analisar a presença do grupo dos coliformes e bactérias mesófilas, a fim de determinar a qualidade dos produtos em determinados estabelecimentos da Região Metropolitana do Recife. Com relação a avaliação de bactérias mesófilas, foi possível observar que, houve a presença em todas as amostras analisadas (100%), bem como, constatou-se que as amostras de embutidos utilizadas apresentaram presença coliformes totais em (100%), cabendo enfatizar a amostra de fiambre, que apresentou a presença de E. coli nas três diluições. O estudo, revela falha nas condições higiênico-sanitárias dos embutidos comercializados, principalmente devido aos produtos serem manipulados, evidenciando um risco à saúde pública.
Produção de composto orgânico para fertilização de horta comunitária
Authors: Zanotto Gabriel , Mann Mariele da Silva Mazuim , Faccin Christiane , Silva Rodrigo Sanchotene
Published: October 2024

O crescimento populacional e os meios de produção, ao longo dos anos, têm pressionado a humanidade a buscar soluções para excesso de geração de resíduos sólidos orgânicos e o aumento na produção de alimentos, devido as estas demandas este estudo teve como objetivo implementar um centro de produção de composto orgânico com o uso resíduos sólidos orgânicos (RSO) e disponibilizá-lo a uma horta comunitária, localizada no município de Cachoeira do Sul/RS, e tendo como metodologia o emprego da tecnologia de compostagem pelo sistema de leiras.  Os RSO utilizados formam obtidos na horta instalada e nas residências das 20 famílias, totalizando 60 pessoas, que realizavam o manejo e consomem os produtos da horta comunitária. O estudo foi realizado no período de 01 abril de 2022 até 29 de novembro de 2022, e resultou na coleta de 348 kg de RSO e transformado 170 kg de composto orgânico. Estes resultados de produção do composto orgânico com potencial biofertilizante, também beneficiou a comunidade local com a coleta e destinação final  adequada de RSO, além de disponibilizar a sociedade um fertilizante sem prejuízo ambiental, o que também permitiu a avaliação e projeção de custos do destino atual e final dos RSO, o que permitirá ao município de Cachoeira do Sul avaliar a possibilidade de implementar outros centros de compostagem em demais áreas.
The Logistics Safety Practices and Organisation Performance in Malaysia
Authors:   Malaysia University of Science and Technology, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia, Sivan Syamaruthadevi , Naidu Babudass M. ,   Bumi Sendayan Sdn. Bhd., Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia, Ghapar Farha ,   Universiti Poly-Tech Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Chew Li Lian ,   Binary Business School, Binary University, Selangor, Malaysia, Mokhtar Ahmad Rais Mohamad ,   Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor Branch, Puncak Alam Campus, Selangor, Malaysia & RIG – Sustainable Supply Chain Logistics, Sundram Veera Pandiyan Kaliani ,   Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor Branch, Puncak Alam Campus, Selangor, Malaysia & RIG - Sustainable Supply Chain Logistics
Published: October 2024

This study examined the nexus between logistics safety practices and organizational performance in Malaysia. Utilizing regression analysis, data, garnered from logistics firms were analysed to discern the influence of logistics safety practices on various performance indicators. The findings revealed the pivotal role of safety measures in augmenting operational efficiency and effectiveness within Malaysia’s logistics landscape. This research would contribute to a nuanced understanding of how safety initiatives impact organizational outcomes, offering insights into the intricate interplay between safety practices and performance metrics. By illuminating these dynamics, policymakers and industry stakeholders can formulate strategies to bolster safety standards and optimize operational performance in the Malaysian logistics sector. Ultimately, this study underscores the imperative of integrating robust logistics safety practices into logistical operations to foster a safer and more productive working environment while simultaneously enhancing organizational performance and competitiveness.