bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment for inclusion: Promoting equity and justice in Disability Assessment Boards in India
Authors: Rathod Om , Singh Satendra , Dhawan Prannv , Bajaj Rahul
Published: February 2025

This case study involves a successful medical aspirant with 88% mobility disability who was denied admission by the Disability Assessment Board (DAB). After failing to get relief from the High Court, the candidate challenged the decision in the Supreme Court. The Court ordered a reassessment by another DAB but found their approach — based on the medical model of disability — unsatisfactory. Consequently, the Court directed an independent functional competency assessment conducted by a doctor with a disability.

The new assessment adopted a human rights model of disability while offering opportunities such as simulation labs and detailed discussions on clinical accommodations to assess his abilities rather than focusing on his disability. The Supreme Court endorsed the ability-based assessment, critiqued the National Medical Commission's guidelines, and ordered the candidate's admission. Additionally, the Court directed the regulator to revise the existing guidelines, considering technological advancements, disability justice, and input from doctors with disabilities.
The Collatz Conjecture: A Complete Proof Through\\[0.5em] Bounded Sequence Analysis
Authors: Diedrich Eduardo
Published: February 2025

We present a rigorous proof of the Collatz conjecture through a novel analysis of bounded sequences and cycle properties. The proof establishes strict bounds on sequence behavior and demonstrates the uniqueness of the fundamental cycle, proving that all positive integers must eventually reach 1 under the Collatz iteration. Our approach combines classical techniques from number theory with careful analysis of sequence bounds to resolve this long-standing conjecture. The methodology introduces several novel techniques that may prove valuable for analyzing other iterative systems and number-theoretic conjectures.
Identificación algebraica de los parámetros físicos de un sistema rotor-cojinete simplificado de dos grados de libertad
Authors: Barredo Hernández Eduardo , Mendoza Larios José Gabriel , Baltazar Tadeo Luis Alberto , Landa Damas Saulo Jesús
Published: February 2025

En este trabajo se propone el desarrollo de identificadores de los parámetros de masa, rigidez y amortiguamiento de un sistema rotor-cojinete simplificado de dos grados de libertad. La técnica utilizada para el desarrollo de los identificadores se conoce en la literatura como: técnica de identificación algebraica. Para el desarrollo de los identificadores paramétricos, se utilizó el modelo matemático de un sistema rotor-cojinete que considera los efectos de inercia traslacional y rotacional, así como, los efectos giroscópicos. Los identificadores algebraicos desarrollados determinan los valores de los parámetros físicos del sistema, para dos condiciones diferentes de velocidad de operación del rotor: velocidad constante y velocidad variable. La evaluación numérica de los identificadores muestra que, es posible determinar los valores de los parámetros de masa, amortiguamiento y rigidez del sistema rotor-cojinete en un pequeño intervalo de tiempo que va de los 0.1 a 0.28 segundos.
Aplicabilidad de sensores electroquímicos de bajo costo como alternativa para medir material particulado en calidad del aire
Authors: León Salas Yeimer Danian , José Alejandro José Alejandro
Published: February 2025

El presente estudio evaluó la aplicabilidad de los sensores electroquímicos de bajo costo como alternativa para medir el material particulado PM2.5 al determinar la calidad del aire. El estudio se desarrolló en dos fases: la primera con el objetivo de exponer la descripción y la operación del equipo certificado (Teledyne T640) y los sensores electroquímicos de bajo costo (Plantower PMS7003, Plantower PMSA003, Honeywell HPMA115S0, Sensirion SPS30 y Panasonic SN-GCJA5), y la segunda se enfocó en especificar el sitio y las fechas de medición del equipo certificado y los sensores, así como también presentar los detalles de la organización de los datos obtenidos y validados para su posterior análisis con diferentes herramientas de estadística descriptiva. De los cinco sensores estudiados, el de mayor correlación con el equipo certificado fue el Sensirion SPS30, pues se obtuvieron valores para las series de tiempo diaria de 71.01 % y horaria 76.94 % en la medición de PM2.5. Los demás sensores presentaron un coeficiente de correlación cercano, a excepción del HMPA115S0 en la temporalidad horaria, con un valor r de 0.7381, y el PMS7003, con r de 0.6950. De manera general, los valores de cada r tuvieron una correlación fuerte, sin embargo, los valores de r2 no resultaron tan apropiados, lo que indica que el modelo de regresión lineal no se ajusta al conjunto de datos reportados por el equipo T640. Por tanto, se considera que los sensores de bajo costo, debido a su comportamiento de variabilidad con respecto al equipo certificado, pueden llegar a ser útiles para identificar tendencias generales de contaminación atmosférica y servir como medidores indicativos en redes ciudadanas de monitoreo.
Rediseño de estación de trabajo mediante simulación Humano Digital y Diseño de Experimentos
Authors: Aguirre-Solís Jesús José , Chávez Portillo Rosalba Angélica , Gutiérrez Hernández Mónica Gabriela , Gutiérrez Hernández Paulina Rocío , Ibarra-Mejía Gabriel , Guillén Anaya Luis Gonzalo
Published: February 2025

En este estudio se adaptó la metodología experimental de Ben-Gal y Bukchin para rediseñar una estación de prueba eléctrica cuyo objetivo fue reducir el riesgo ergonómico al que estaba expuesto el trabajador de una empresa mexicana, así como incrementar la productividad de la estación. La metodología inicia con la creación de un gemelo digital, el cual, a través de una prueba de hipótesis, se corroboró la similitud entre las condiciones reales de la estación y lo obtenido de la simulación. Posteriormente, se realizó una secuencia de corridas de simulación y diseños experimentales hasta encontrar el diseño óptimo de esta estación. Finalmente, en la búsqueda del diseño optimo se usó la metodología de superficie de respuesta y la función de deseabilidad para ambos objetivos. Los resultados muestran que los gemelos digitales son una opción viable cuando se busca mejorar un sistema o proceso sin tener que hacer los cambios físicamente durante los experimentos. Asimismo, se observa una disminución significativa en el riesgo postural del operador de cuatro puntos en el método RULA y una reducción en el tiempo de ciclo del 26 %. En conclusión, los gemelos digitales y la metodología propuesta por Ben-Gal y Bukchin son una opción viable cuando se quiere diseñar o rediseñar una estación de trabajo en la que se pretenda optimizar más de un objetivo.
The subcellular topology of the RNAi machinery is multifaceted and reveals adherens junctions as an epithelial hub
Authors: Kourtidis Antonis , Nair-Menon Joyce , Kingsley Christina , Mesnaoui Houda , Lin Peter , Wilson Kyrie , Rohrer Baerbel
Published: February 2025

The RNA interference (RNAi) machinery is a key cellular mechanism catalyzing biogenesis and function of miRNAs to post-transcriptionally regulate mRNA expression. The RNAi machinery includes a set of protein complexes with subcellular localization traditionally presented in a uniform fashion: the microprocessor processes miRNAs in the nucleus, whereas the DICER and the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) further process and enable activity of miRNAs in the cytoplasm. However, several studies have identified subcellular patterns of RNAi components that deviate from this model. We have particularly shown that RNAi complexes associate with the adherens junctions of well-differentiated epithelial cells, through the E-cadherin partner PLEKHA7. To assess the extent of these subcellular topological patterns, we examined subcellular localization of the microprocessor and RISC in a series of human cell lines and normal human tissues. Our results show that junctional localization of RNAi components is a broad characteristic of well-differentiated epithelia, but it is absent in transformed or mesenchymal cells and tissues. We also find extensive localization of the microprocessor in the cytoplasm, as well as of RISC in the nucleus. These findings expose a RNAi machinery with multifaceted subcellular topology that may inform its physiological role and calls for updating of the current models.
NDUFS1 promotes malignant breast cancer behaviors through activation of mitochondrial metabolism and PROX1/c-Myc signaling
Authors: Wang Yen-Yun , Chen Pang-Yu , Nguyen Hieu D.H. , Tseng Chih-Huang , Chen Yuk-Kwan , Hu Stephen Chu‐Sung , Lo Steven , Hou Ming-Feng , Yuan Shyng-Shiou F.
Published: February 2025

Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women. Previous studies demonstrated that adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) co-cultured with resistin promote malignant behaviors in breast cancer cells. This study explores the roles of ADSCs and the adipocytokine resistin within the breast tumor microenvironment, emphasizing their contributions to metabolic reprogramming and cancer progression. RNA sequencing analysis of metabolic reprogramming pathways revealed that breast cancer cells in co-culture with resistin-treated ADSCs exhibited elevated expression of NDUFS1, the largest subunit of mitochondrial complex I. Knockdown of NDUFS1 inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation and tumorsphere formation, whereas its overexpression enhanced these effects through mitochondrial metabolism-mediated PROX1/c-Myc signaling pathway. Furthermore, treatment with metformin, an inhibitor of NDUFS1-activated mitochondrial metabolism, reduced Myc and PROX1 expression and diminished breast cancer cell proliferation. Syngeneic orthotopic mouse model showed that NDUFS1 downregulation significantly inhibited mammary tumor growth alongside decreased expression of PROX1 and c-Myc. Also, mitochondrial metabolism inhibitors metformin and rotenone demonstrated a therapeutic effect on NDUFS1-expressing breast tumor. Collectively, this research establishes a novel mechanistic framework linking metabolic adaptations and breast cancer, paving the way for innovative therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting NDUFS1 signaling.
Investigation of Aloe Vera Mediated ZnO-β-CD Nanoparticles for Photocatalysis & Antimicrobial Applications
Authors: Hadap Arti , Panse Vishal R , Tereshchuk Serhii
Published: February 2025

This study presents the formation of Al based ZnO-β-cyclodextrin nano composite, by the green synthesis of ZnO nano particles from aloe vera (Al) plant extract, functionalized with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD). UV-Visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission electron microscopy (FESEM), and band gap energy measurement, were used to analyse the functionalized zinc oxide (ZnO) with β-CD nano composite. Present work involved the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye as a model substrate used Al based ZnO- β-cyclodextrin nano composite where Al-based ZnO-NPs was worthily catalysis due to their unique bandgap (3.0eV) and β-cyclodextrin with ZnO, electron-hole recombination takes places very easily. At 6 pH, MB aqueous solution lose its blue colour after 160 minutes. Gram-positive bacteria S. aureus, gram-negative bacteria E. coli, and the fungus strain A. nigerwere all successfully combatted by the antibacterial activity. In presence of light and air, Al based ZnO-β-cyclodextrin nanocomposite generates singlet oxygen (O2*-) and hydrogen oxide radical (-OH*) which inhibit the growth of cells of bacterial and fungal strains. Although it was less hazardous and did not show negative effects on the development of healthy cells.
Inositol hexakinase phosphate 1 (IP6K1) is implicated in the insulin response to protein ingestion in older adults
Authors: Barclay Richie D. , Motei Diana E. , Ancu Oana , Tyler Christopher J. , Tillin Neale A. , Behrends Volker , Burd Nicholas A. , Hurren Nicholas M. , Mackenzie Richard W.A.
Published: February 2025

Age-related muscle mass is driven by a reduction in insulin sensitivity partly mediated by reduced amino acid and anabolic signalling kinetics. Insulin activates Akt-mTORC1 signalling in skeletal muscle with inositol hexokinase phosphate 1 (IP6K1) shown to inhibit this signalling pathway in pre-diabetic humans. We aimed to compare muscle and plasma IP6K1 in young vs older adults and the possible role of IP6K1 in the anabolic response to protein and protein + RE. Nine young (24.9±0.4 years) and nine older (66.2±0.5 years) healthy, moderately active adults received primed continuous infusions of L-[ring-2H5]phenylalanine in basal and postprandial state. Blood and muscle biopsy samples were collected prior to and following ingestion of 25g whey protein with or without knee extension exercise to examine skeletal muscle protein signalling and whole-body phenylalanine kinetics. Young adults had greater plasma IP6K1 at all time points. Older adults had reduced muscle IP6K1 at 120min post-exercise. Muscle IP6K1 decreased 240min post-prandial in young adults compared with basal and there was no effect of exercise in either group. Older adults presented with reduced plasma and muscle IP6K1 in both post-prandial and post-RE states. IP6K1 may be involved in the reduction in amino acid metabolism, and the insulin-mediated response to protein and RE.
Distribution and developmental characteristics of sugars and organic acids in fresh apricots
Authors: Jing Chenjuan , Wang Duan , Liu Zhikun , Chen Xuefeng , Wu Xiaohong
Published: February 2025

This study systematically analyzed the distribution characteristics and developmental patterns of sugars and organic acids in apricots, exploring the accumulation and metabolism of organic acids, thus providing important information for improving fruit quality. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the sugar and organic-acid contents and distributions in mature apricot fruits from 332 common seedlings and 64 germplasm resources. The results showed that glucose and sucrose are the main sugars in apricots, and the fruits were classified as sucrose-type, or two-sugar-type based on the calculated value of log2 (glucose/sucrose). Malic and citric acids are the main organic acids in apricots, and the fruits were classified as malic-acid-type, citric-acid-type, or two-acid-type based on the value of log2 (malic acid/citric acid). Analysis of the developmental patterns of sugars and organic acids in selected fruits revealed high glucose contents during their developmental stages. Fructose and sucrose contents were low, but increased during the ripening stage, particularly those of sucrose. Malic acid was the main organic acid during the development stage, accounting for over 90% of the total-organic-acid content. As the fruit matured, the malic-acid content decreased, while that of citric acid increased. Correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between fructose and citric-acid contents, both of which increased during fruit ripening. Therefore, changes in citric-acid levels may be related to ripening. Overall, this result offers valuable foundation for improving flavor quality of apricot fruit.
Boosting Year 11 Student Motivation and Science Understanding in Gce 'o' Level Combined Science Through the Tpack and Activity Theory (Tpack-at) Framework
Authors: @Yvonne Yong Chin Chen , Salleh Hjh Sallimah Binti Hj Mohd
Published: February 2025

This study examines the impact of science boost camp interventions, utilizing the activity theory and TPACK (AT-TPACK) framework, on the achievements of sixty-eight Year 11 combined science students following the new Cambridge 5129 syllabus, including Paper 3 components, in Muara, Brunei. These students, learning combined science in English as their second language for three years, scored below 60% in their SPE Year 8 science exams, placing them in the Applied Secondary Education Programme (one class of 20 students) and the Special Applied Program (three classes of 48 students). The study uses a pretest-posttest and delayed posttest experimental design to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed three-phase AT-TPACK model. The primary goal is to enhance students' combined science achievement and reduce the number of students receiving ungraded (below 30%) grades in the GCE O Level examinations. After the mock exams, the sixty-eight students were randomly assigned to fourteen intervention groups on the basis of their academic performance. Each group, led by a higher achiever (HA) student, participated in science interventions. The study employs an explanatory sequential mixed-method design, analysing both quantitative (preintervention, postintervention, and delayed postintervention test scores) and qualitative data (thematic analysis of transcripts). The results revealed significant improvement in achievement scores postintervention and a reduction in ungraded grades, with thematic analysis indicating sustained retention of scientific concepts even after the 20-week intervention period. Students' GCE O level exam performance improved, with the school achieving its 2023 target for combined science, increasing from 19–35%, placing the school at the second highest rank in the country. These findings underscore the potential of targeted interventions in addressing challenges in combined science education, offering insights for educators aiming to improve student outcomes in similar contexts.
Perivascular spaces in neuropsychiatric post-COVID syndrome
Authors: Bernal Jose , Ilik Selin Yavuz , Mai Huy , Mattern Hendrik , Coello Roberto Duarte , Valdés-Hernández Maria d.C. , Rocktäschel Tonia , Reuken Philipp A. , Stallmach Andreas , Wardlaw Joanna , Opel Nils , Gaser Christian , Walter Martin , Ziegler Gabriel , Düzel Emrah , Schreiber Stefanie , Besteher Bianca
Published: February 2025

Neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as executive dysfunction, fatigue, and depression, are common and disabling in post-COVID syndrome, often hindering daily activities and work. While the exact mechanisms remain unclear, recent studies suggest SARS-CoV-2 may damage the blood-brain barrier (BBB), contributing to these symptoms. If BBB dysfunction is central, structural changes may occur in neighbouring areas, such as in perivascular spaces (PVS). In this study, we measured PVS volumes in 80 participants, both with and without neuropsychiatric post-COVID syndrome, to assess whether PVS enlargement was associated with the syndrome and its duration.
We used data from the post-COVID Brain project, a study designed to investigate differences in brain morphology, cognitive function, and overall neurological health between post-COVID patients and healthy controls. The study included 50 neuropsychiatric post-COVID patients and 30 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. We semi-automatically quantified PVS in the basal ganglia (BG ROI) and centrum semiovale (CSO ROI) and leveraged linear regression to test whether neuropsychiatric post-COVID syndrome and its duration were associated with fractional PVS volumes. We adjusted all models for age, sex, years of education, body-mass-index, and cardiovascular disease history.
In the full sample, the difference in fractional PVS volumes between individuals with and without neuropsychiatric post-COVID syndrome increased with age (BG: βAge × Post-COVID? = 0.49 (SE 0.21), Z = 2.34, P = 0.022; CSO: βAge × Post-COVID? = 0.45 (SE 0.22), Z = 2.05, P = 0.044). In individuals with a neuropsychiatric post-COVID syndrome, longer duration of the neuropsychiatric symptoms was associated with larger fractional PVS volumes (BG: βPost-COVID duration = 0.27 (SE 0.12), Z = 2.20, P = 0.034; CSO: βPost-COVID duration = 0.30 (SE 0.13), Z = 2.28, P = 0.028).
The presence and duration of neuropsychiatric post-COVID syndrome in humans relate to the extent of enlargement of PVS in the brain.
TCM_DiffPR: Graph Knowledge Diffusion Model for Traditional Chinese Medicine Personalized Recommendation
Authors: Zhang ChaoBo , Tan Long
Published: February 2025

With the rapid development of modern Chinese medicine prescription recommendation technology based on artificial intelligence technology, the existing herb recommendation model lacks attention to the personalized attributes of the patient, ignoring the important factors of the clinical diagnosis and treatment process of Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). To address this problem, we propose a novel Graph Knowledge Diffusion Model for Traditional Chinese Medicine Personalized Recommendation (TCM_DiffPR). Firstly, the patient's personalized attribute information is used to obtain symptom representations by means of ‘prompt fine-tuning’, and the prompt is enhanced by pre-training model with prompt-oriented comparative learning. Secondly, the algorithm combines the generative model with the data augmentation paradigm based on knowledge graph diffusion, which compensates for the misinterpretation of symptom preferences in the knowledge graph (KG) to achieve powerful knowledge learning. Finally, we introduce a collaborative knowledge graph convolution mechanism, which combines collaborative signals reflecting the symptom-herbal medication interaction patterns, to guide the knowledge graph diffusion process. In this study, experimental comparative analyses are conducted on two public datasets and a clinical dataset, and the results show that the present algorithm outperforms existing TCM prescription recommendation methods and provides an effective reference basis for clinical diagnosis and decision support.
Metagenomic Analysis of gut flora Structure and Function in Neonates Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Liu Faqun , Luo Jinghua , Feng Lihua , Chen Xiangxiang , Xu Yunping , Xia Yanan , Liu Yang
Published: February 2025

Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) is a prevalent respiratory condition in newborns that significantly impacts their health and survival rates. In recent years, the potential role of the gut-lung axis in NRDS has garnered increasing attention; however, its specific contributions remain unclear. In this study, we conducted a metagenomics analysis of fecal samples obtained from an observational cohort including NRDS (n = 25) and healthy controls (n = 15). The results indicated alterations in both the structure and function of the gut flora in NRDS. Specifically, the NRDS group exhibited significantly greater relative abundances of Bacillota and Nematoda compared to the control group, while the relative abundances of Pseudomonadota, Actinomycetota, Bacteroidota, and Fusobacteriota were significantly lower. At the genus level, the NRDS group demonstrated greater abundances of Klebsiella, Escherichia, Enterococcus, and Staphylococcus and reduced abundances of Bifidobacterium and Enterobacter. Functional changes included the upregulation of the Staphylococcus aureus infection and the phosphotransferase system (PTS) and the downregulation of metabolic pathways, such as butanoate metabolism and glutathione metabolism. Additionally, both synergistic and mutually exclusive relationships between gut microbiota as well as between gut microbiota and clinical factors were observed. These results increase our overall comprehension of NRDS pathogenesis and offer important resources for identifying potential biomarkers.
Medication and Health Product Use Among Older Thais Adults : Behavioral Insights and Policy Recommendations: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Srisak Tharinee , Ploylearmsang Chanuttha , Wongkongdech Adisorn , Chanthamath Souksathaphone , Wongkongdech Ranee
Published: February 2025

Background: Inappropriate medication and health product use (M&HP) among the elderly: impact health and health care costs. This study examined the behaviors and factors influencing medication and health product selection among elderly individuals in northeastern Thailand.
Methods:The Cross-sectional study was conducted among elderly participants residing in northeastern Thailand. Data were collected from 1,461 elderly individuals between March and November 2022. Personal characteristics and M&HP use behaviors were analyzed using descriptive statistics and factors influencing inappropriate M&HP use were analyzed using multiple logistic regression.
Results: 78.6% of participants had chronic diseases. When unwell, most sought care from clinics or hospitals. However, 84.46% used products without consulting professionals, and 52.9% relied on recommendations. Only 41.9% sought additional information about medications. Most behaviors were risky. Factors like unemployment and chronic diseases were associated with inappropriate medication use.
Conclusion: Thai elderly individuals, particularly those with chronic diseases and unemployed, are at risk of inappropriate medication and health product use due to easy access and lack of skills and assistance in accessing quality information. Our findings offer actionable insights for improving rational medication use and promoting health literacy among aging populations, aligning with global health priorities and those of Israel and similar aging societies.
Blood Flow Restriction Training Prior to and After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Scoping review
Authors: Claret Roger Fontanet , Roca Rafel Donat , Carballeira Eduardo
Published: February 2025

Background
Anterior cruciate ligament injuries often lead to muscle atrophy and prolonged recovery following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Blood flow restriction (BFR) has emerged as a strategy to optimize neuromuscular adaptations with lower loads, potentially enhancing rehabilitation outcomes in both preoperative and postoperative phases. This review aims to comprehensively evaluate the comparative effectiveness of BFR applied during resistance and endurance exercises versus non-BFR protocols, both before and after ACLR, while also examining key training parameters and BFR protocols to guide further research and clinical practice.
Literature search
A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases, including WoS, PEDro, Scopus, PUBMED (MEDLINE), SportDiscus, and the Cochrane Library, covering publications from inception to January 22, 2025. Studies eligible for inclusion were randomized controlled trials and quasi-randomized controlled trials that compared BFR interventions with non-BFR training in patients undergoing ACLR. Data synthesis followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis extension for Scoping Reviews. The PEDro and CERT scales were used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. Detailed training parameters and cuff specifications were extracted and summarized in tables.
Results
Fifteen of the initial 385 articles identified met the eligibility criteria and were included in the final analysis, comprising a sample of 417 patients. Outcomes were categorized into six areas: body composition, neuromuscular responses and adaptations, self-report questionnaires, functional measures, muscle physiology and biomarkers, and return to activity. Five articles focused on preoperative interventions, nine on postoperative interventions, and one addressed both phases.
Conclusion
This review suggests that BFR resistance training is an effective tool in the preoperative and postoperative phases of ACLR. Additionally, it can help improve muscle size, strength, functional measurements, body composition, muscle blood flow, and subjective perceptions.
From Tapinarof to Novel AhR Modulators: Computational Drug Discovery for Psoriasis Therapeutics
Authors: Santini Gianluca , Bonati Laura , Motta Stefano
Published: February 2025

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor involved in the regulation of many patho-physiological processes. Among these, immune system modulation, as well as regulation of skin homeostasis and inflammation, make it a promising target for psoriasis therapy. Tapinarof, an AhR agonist recently approved for psoriasis treatment, exerts its action through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and barrier-restoring effects. In this study, we employed a computational drug-discovery approach to identify novel AhR modulators with psoriasis therapeutic potential. We performed a multi-step similarity-based screening in PubChem. Application of molecular docking led to the identification of diverse chemical scaffolds with high docking scores and potential AhR activity, some of which belong to chemical classes with known pharmacological relevance. Notably, several identified compounds suggest a possible interplay between AhR signaling and sirtuin modulation, highlighting a previously unexplored avenue in psoriasis therapy. Our findings underscore the potential of computational approaches in accelerating the discovery of novel AhR-targeting agents and provide a foundation for further experimental validation.
Eksplorasi Etnobotani Herbal Untuk Kesehatan pada Masyarakat Pulau Giligenting Kecamatan Giligenting Kabupaten Sumenep
Authors: Muzayyan Abdullah Rozeen , Hayati Ari , Zayadi Hasan
Published: February 2025

Obat tradisional dari bahan alam menjadi alternatif pengobatan oleh masyarakat Pulau Giligenting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis, bagian, cara pengolahan dan penggunaan, serta distribusi jenis tumbuhan untuk kesehatan di Pulau Giligenting, Sumenep. Metode penelitian deskriptif eksploratif dengan teknik penjelajahan. Pengambilan sampel responden secara purposif. Data nama lokal, nama ilmiah, bagian yang dimanfaatkan, cara pengolahan dan cara penggunaan, jumlah jenis, dan jumlah individu tiap jenis dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 12 jenis herbal untuk kesehatan, yaitu Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f) Nees, Phyllanthus acidus L, Annona muricata L., Azadirachta indica A.Juss, Swietenia macrophylla King, Leucaena leucocephala (Lam) de Wit, Syzygium cumini L, Muntingia calabura L., Cassia seamea Lamk., Anredera cordifolia (Ten) Steenis, Cinnamomum burmanni (Ness&T.Nees)Blume, dan Coriandrum sativum L. Organ tumbuhan herbal yang dimanfaatkan adalah batang, daun, buah, biji, kulit batang, dan akar, dimana daun merupakan organ yang paling banyak dimanfaatkan (50%). Tumbuhan diolah dengan cara ditumbuk, direbus, diseduh, atau langsung digunakan, dimana cara direbus merupakan cara paling banyak dilakukan (83,33%). Berdasarkan cara penggunaan, A.paniculata (Burm.f) Nees dikonsumsi secara rutin setiap hari (92%) dan dikonsumsi seminggu 2 kali (8%). Berdasarkan cara perolehan, masyarakat mendapatkan herbal dari hasil budidaya (42%), dari alam (33%), dan dari membeli (25%). Tumbuhan A. indica A.Juss, L. leucocephala (Lam) de Wit, dan M. calabura L. mempunyai distribusi tinggi (frekuensi 100%) karena ditemukan di empat desa Pulau Giligenting.
A modern view of epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, morphology and screening methods for precancerous and cervical cancer (literature review)
Authors:   Penza State University, V. Kozlova Anastasia , G. Fedorova Marija ,   Penza State University
Published: February 2025

Modern cervical cancer screening programs have increased the detection of precancerous pathological changes, which is the result of a trend towards a decrease in overall morbidity and mortality in the general population. However, cervical cancer is one of themost common types of malignant tumors in women. Knowledge of the pathogenesis, morphology of precancerous lesions of the cervix, and screening problems in different countries will help improve the detection of changes in the cervix at early stages, which ultimately should reduce mortality from this pathology to a minimum. The review presents a systematization of modern literature data on epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, morphological characteristics and screening methods for precancerous lesions and cervical cancer.
The effect of left ventricular myocardial hypertrophy on noninvasive parameters of myocardial work in patients in the postinfarction period
Authors:   Penza State University, D. Vershinina Olga , V. Golubeva Alena ,   Penza State University, V. Shcherbinina Anastasia ,   Penza State University
Published: February 2025

Background. The purpose of the study was to determine the values of noninvasive parameters of myocardial work in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) with and without ST segment elevation in various types of left ventricular (LV) myocardial hypertrophy. Materials and methods. The study included 120 people who met the inclusion criteria. Standard and speckle-tracking echocardiography (EchoCG) with automatic calculation of noninvasive parameters of myocardial work was performed in all patients on days 7- 9 and 24 weeks after MI. Results. All patients at 24 weeks of follow–up were divided into four groups depending on the type of LV hypertrophy according to EchoCG data: the group without hypertrophic changes (“without LVH”) – 22 (18.3 %) patients; the group with concentric LV remodeling (“CRofLV”) – 44 (36.7 %) people, the group with concentric LV hypertrophy (“CHofLV”) united 34 (28.3 %) patients; the group with eccentric LV hypertrophy (“EHofLV”) was diagnosed in 20 (16.7 %) individuals. Higher GWW values (p=0.003) and lower GWE values (p=0.003) were determined in the group with “CHofLV”. It was also revealed that in patients with EHofLV, both standard EchoCG parameters and non-invasive parameters of myocardial work were worse. Thus, LVEF in the CRofLV group was 18 % higher than in the EHofLV group, and GLS by 27 %. GWE and GCW had higher values in the CRofLV group. The GWW value in the EHofLV group was 2 times higher than the same parameter in the CRofLV group. Conclusions. Such parameters of noninvasive assessment of myocardial work as GWW, GWE, and to some extent GCW depend on the type of LV myocardial hypertrophy.
Changes in neurons of the pyramidal centers of the cerebral cortex with increased background radiation
Authors:   National Research State University of Nizhny Novgorod named after N.I. Lobachevsky, V. Sgibneva Natal'ya , P. Fedorov Vladimir ,   Voronezh State Academy of Sports of Russia
Published: February 2025

Background. After staying in radioactively contaminated area there is an increase in neuropsychiatric diseases, they may be accompanied by cognitive and motor disorders. In humans, changes in the structure of the nervous tissue can be studied only postmortem, so the experiment was planned and carried out on laboratory animals. Structural rearrangements of neurons of pyramidal centres in early and distant terms after radiation exposure in doses equivalent for participants of liquidation of the Chernobyl accident were revealed. Materials and methods. White rats irradiated at a dose of 0.5 Gy with different dose rates were studied throughout their life expectancy using generally accepted histomorphological techniques with the following statistical processing and mathematical modelling of the obtained effects. Results. Neurons of pyramidal centres of control animals undergo significant structural and functional changes with age. No significant pathomorphological changes were found in irradiated animals. Mathematical modelling of the effects revealed a high level of reactivity of cortical neurocytes to the studied factors (irradiation dose and elapsed time after irradiation). The changes in the structural and functional organisation of neurons were most strongly influenced by such a considered factor as the radiation dose, but the factor of the time elapsed after irradiation levelled out the changes. The changes in the structural and functional organisation of neurons were most strongly influenced by such a considered factor as the radiation dose, but the factor of the time elapsed after irradiation levelled out the changes. Some changes could be preserved and in summation influenced the functional state of the brain in the distant terms of the post-irradiation period. The changes in the number of neurons with both increased and decreased functional activity in separate time periods of observation are of particular importance, which indicates a certain instability of structural and functional organisation of nerve cells, on the basis of which destructive changes can be formed. Conclusions. No pronounced pathomorphological changes in neurons of pyramidal centres of the cortex of the cerebral hemispheres were found in comparison with the control. The arising changes were more pronounced due to the influence of such investigated factor as the dose of irradiation, but the factor of the time passed after irradiation levelled them Possible neuromorphological equivalent of neuropsychoneurological and motor disorders are transient changes in pyramidal neurons, disturbing the balance of excitation and inhibition processes in them.
Tracking of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern by RT-PCR Assay in the Post-Pandemic Era
Authors: Shahid Saba , Parveen Sheeba , Vyas Naveen , Hani Hala , Annaduraia Sundhari , Asaadi Suhair , Kaabar Carlo
Published: February 2025

aims:

This study aims to evaluate the performance of RT-PCR assays for COVID-19 detection and the use of a specific mutation RT-PCR-based approach to identify VOC in SARS-CoV-2 positive samples in post pandemic.

background:

The global impact of COVID-19 resulted in widespread illness and death. The rapid evolution of SARS-CoV-2, accompanied by increased transmission caused by Variants of Concern (VOC), became a significant concern in the post-pandemic.

objective:

This study has been conducted to evaluate the performance of multiplexed real-time reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) assays for COVID-19 detection and the use of specific mutation RT-PCR-based approach to identify VOC in SARS-CoV-2 positive samples in the northern part of the UAE.

method:

We selected 200 respiratory specimens tested between October 2022 to January 2023, at the Pure Lab Al Qassimi Women and children hospital, Sharjah, UAE. We evaluated the performance of four commercially available RT-PCR kits for COVID-19 detection. Further, the positive samples were used to identify variants by variant detection kit as required for mutations in Spike protein (HV 69-70 DEL, N501Y, E484K, K417N) to identify Omicron, British and SARS-CoV-2 wild type (WT) E Gene variants respectively.

result:

In the post-pandemic period, 153/200 (76.5%) positivity was observed. There was a higher prevalence of COVID-19 among males, accounting for 52% of the cases, in comparison to females 48% aged between 20-40 years. Variant analysis showed that 50 samples were detected for the SARS-CoV-2 OMICRON variant (B.1.1.529), 4 samples were detected for the SARS-CoV-2 British variant (B.1.1.7), however, 99 samples were detected for SARS-CoV-2 wild type (WT) E Gene with no mutation.

conclusion:

This study demonstrates the efficacy of a rapid and cost-effective RT-PCR assay designed to detect spike mutations to effectively contribute to public health response efforts. Additionally, by performance evaluation of PCR kits for COVID-19 detection with the Cycle Threshold (CT) values obtained from diagnostic PCR, we can gather valuable insights into the viral load of samples. This information helps us gauge the extent of transmission and assess the severity of the disease within the population.

other:

NA
Study on the Anti-Fatigue Effects of Polysaccharides from Erjing Formula
Authors: Lin Zicheng , Yang Mingshuo , Liu Jinsui , Yang Can , Liang Lixuan , Pan Jiaqi , Yang Quan , Pan Liming
Published: February 2025

Background:

The traditional Chinese recipe "Erjing Formula", composed of
HuangJing and GouQi, is recognized for its tonifying and revitalizing properties, but the active
components responsible for these effects are poorly explored. This study investigated the antifatigue
effects of Erjing Formula polysaccharides (EJFP).

Methods:

Mice were treated with EJFP and subjected to weight-loaded swimming tests. Biochemicals
were measured, while muscle changes were analyzed by H&E staining and protein
expression by Western blotting.

Objective:

The present study aimed to investigate the anti-fatigue effects of EJFP through
weight-loaded swimming tests in mice.

Methods:

SPF-grade healthy male rat species KM mice were gavaged with EJFP and then subjected
to a weight-loaded swimming test. Later, the levels of various biochemical indicators,
including blood lactate (BLA), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), superoxide dismutase (SOD),
malondialdehyde (MDA), muscle glycogen (MG), and hepatic glycogen (HG), were measured.
The muscle tissue slices were analyzed using hematoxylin and eosin H&E) staining. Additionally,
the expression levels of Kelch-like ECH-associated Protein 1 (Keap-1) and nuclear factor
erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in the muscle tissue of each group were detected using Western
Blotting.

Results:

EJFP (Erjing Formula Polysaccharides) significantly increased swimming time (p ≤
0.01), reduced oxidative stress markers and detrimental metabolites (BLA, BUN, and MDA),
and elevated SOD, MG, and HG levels. Histologically, it improved muscle integrity. Nrf2 expression
increased, indicating a relationship between antioxidant effects and antifatigue activity.

Conclusion:

EJFP demonstrated anti-fatigue effects, mainly at moderate doses, by modulating
the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway and improving glycogen and antioxidant levels. This is the first study to
document the anti-fatigue effects of Erjing Formula polysaccharides, establishing a theoretical
basis for practical applications in the development of anti-fatigue products.
Chemical Constituents in the Seeds of Premna odorata
Authors: Nguyen Hoang Sa , Duong Thi Thanh Truc , Nguyen Thi Kieu Trinh , Huynh Thi Hong Trang , Dao Duc Thien
Published: February 2025

Premna odorata is a plant species with various medicinal properties. However, in Central
Vietnam, the seeds of this plant have not been previously studied for their chemical constituents. The
aim of this study was to isolate and identify compounds from the seeds of P. odorata collected from
Phu Yen province, Vietnam. The seeds were extracted using dichloromethane. The chemical constituents
were isolated and purified. Their structures were elucidated through spectroscopic methods,
including one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)
spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and comparison with existing literature data. A new triterpenoid (1)
and four known flavonoids: diosmetin (2), luteolin (3), acacetin (4), and apigenin (5), were successfully
isolated from the dichloromethane extract of P. odorata seeds. The structures of these compounds
were determined based on spectroscopic data. Compound 1 was also tested for cytotoxicity on
the KB cell line, showing significant activity with an IC50 value of 40.98 μM. This study presents the
first chemical investigation of the seeds of P. odorata. The identification of one new triterpenoid and
four known flavonoids contributes to the understanding of the chemical composition of this plant and
provides a basis for further pharmacological studies.
Revealing the Antidiabetic Potential of Herbal Nanoparticles
Authors: Datta Kunal , Bhattacharyya Soubhik , Narzary Christina , Mukherjee Reshmi , Naskar Angana , Imam Shazma , Chakraborty Subarno , Sarkar Dhrubajyoti
Published: February 2025

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder that is characterized by high postprandial blood
sugar levels and increased fasting, which disrupts physiological balance and causes organ damage.
Owing to the global health risk of type 2 diabetes, natural remedies have shown promise as viable
alternatives because of their outstanding antidiabetic properties. Nevertheless, the therapeutic use of
these compounds is rather restricted due to their inadequate solubility, instability in the gastrointestinal
tract, low absorption, and other related factors. Currently, the development of nanoscale systems
is a notable approach to enhancing the delivery of phytochemicals. This study aims to investigate
the advancements in drug delivery techniques using nanoparticles, with a particular focus on
enhancing the effectiveness of herbal remedies in the treatment of diabetes. This study aims to enrich
our understanding of nanotechnology's potential in enlightening drug delivery systems by employing
database repositories like PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. Based on
their categorization and structure, nano-systems are classified into liposomes, nanostructured lipid
carriers, phytosomes, niosomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, self-nano emulsifying drug delivery systems,
and inorganic nano-carriers. This study intricately describes the formulation process, selection
criteria, and mechanism of herb-loaded nanoparticles using an example of the pharmacokinetic and
pharmacodynamic properties of antidiabetic herbal drugs. Researchers have proven that nanoformulations
of herb-loaded antidiabetic drugs improve compliance and therapeutic efficacy by resolving
pharmacokinetic and biopharmaceutical issues. We could expect the creation of nanoformulations
to be a viable method for optimizing the therapeutic effectiveness of plant-produced
antidiabetic compounds.
Non-communicable Diseases and Associated Risk Factors among People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in a Rural Hospital in Kenya
Authors: Onyango Susan , De Kiev Cleenewerck Laurent , Bamidele Moyosola , Bwesigye Akankunda Denis
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Non-communicable diseases are a growing burden in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Kenya has good documentation of the prevalence of non- communicable diseases in the general population, but not in people living with human immunodeficiency virus.
Objective: The study assessed the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus and associated risk factors for non-communicable disease in this population.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study with 1,595 people aged 18 to 69 in a rural HIV clinic using the World Health Organization's stepwise approach. We used descriptive statistics to examine the baseline characteristics. We reported prevalence, calculated the mean of knowledge for risk factors, and identified the factors associated with the diagnoses for non-communicable diseases by using multiple regression. We defined diabetes mellitus as fasting blood sugar ≥ 7 mmol/l (126mg/dl), hypertension as blood pressure≥140/90 mmHg, and obesity for men and women with waist circumference >102 cm and >88 cm, respectively.
Results: The proportion of women participants was 65.9%. Diabetes accounted for 10.3%, hypertension 9.8%, and obesity 32.7%. The ratio of those who had ever been screened for diabetes before were 9.2%, while those who had ever been screened for hypertension were 21.8%. Alcohol use was 12.5%, while physical inactivity was 15%. The mean score for knowledge of risk factors for hypertension was 0.9 and for diabetes mellitus, it was 0.3, both out of 8. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus were associated with obesity, increased number of years on antiretroviral therapy, advanced age, and physical inactivity.
Conclusion and Contribution: The study reported a high prevalence of non-communicable diseases, low knowledge of risk factors, and limited screening for non-communicable diseases highlighting missed opportunities for prevention. Implementing early screening and health education in the standard care package for HIV/AIDS (Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) is crucial as a strategy for the prevention of non-communicable diseases.