bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Android-Based E-Booklet Development to Train Students’ Critical Thinking And Attitude of Caring for Environment
Authors: Pujiasih Pujiasih , Isnaeni Wiwi , Ridlo Saiful
Published: September 2020

Biology subjects in high school learn everything about life. In this case it involves skills and reasoning. This study aims to analyze the validity, effectiveness, practicality, and characteristics of android-based e-booklets. This research is a research and development or R&D. The development in this study adopted a 4-D model which included four stages namely define, design, develop, dissemination. The results of the study on the validity test showed that the material experts obtained a value of 92.14% with a very good category. Based on the results of the validation of media experts obtained a value with a percentage of 86.29% in the very good category. The results of the research on the effectiveness of android-based e-booklet are 1) classical completeness ≥ 80%, 2) N-Gain test results are different and better (has increased). Cognitive learning outcomes (students' critical thinking) showed that the percentage of students’ classical completeness was 88.27%, the N-Gain Test was in the high (53%), moderate (45%), low (2%) category. Based on the analysis of affective and psychomotor competencies with very good criteria. The results of research on students’ attitudes of caring for environment showed that the percentage of students' scores was 82% with an excellent category. Based on the effectiveness analysis it can be concluded that the android-based e-booklet is effectively applied in biodiversity subject. In the analysis of the results of the practicality of the android-based e-booklet media showed a very good response from teachers and students. The characteristics of an android-based e-booklet consist of a cover, a menu display consisting of preface, KI and KD, material, and evaluation questions.
Development of Teaching Materials "The Negative Effects of Electric Cigarette" As a High School Student Learning Source
Authors: Erlianti Susi , Lisdiana Lisdiana , Widiyaningrum Priyantini
Published: September 2020

Lack of awareness and limited information about the dangers of e-cigarettes among teenagers, especially high school students, make them assume that e-cigarettes are a safe alternative to reduce smoking habit. This can be circumvented through the development of teaching materials that are tailored to the needs of students. This study aims to develop teaching materials about the negative effects of e-cigarettes as a source of learning for high school students and analyze their validity, readability, and feasibility. This development research uses the plot of Thiagarajan et al., (1974), namely 4-D (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate). The subjects of this research include material & media experts, students of class XI MIPA 3 and XI MIPA 4 SMAN 12 Semarang, and teachers who are members of senior high school biology teachers forum in Rembang Regency. The results showed the validation scores of material and media experts were 83% and 97.7%, respectively, with very valid criteria. Analysis of the readability of teaching materials from the results of student responses and the cloze test, respectively obtained an average score of 86.2% and 84% with very good and independent criteria. Analysis of the feasibility of teaching materials from the results of teacher responses at the senior high school biology teachers forum in Rembang, obtained an average score of 83.7% with very feasible criteria. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that teaching materials about the negative effects of e-cigarettes are valid, it has good readability, and feasible to use as a source of learning for high school students. The teaching material is expected to be able to add insight and knowledge about the negative effects of e-cigarette exposure and to contribute better in improving the quality of learning resources.
Development of Digital Pocketbook About Fungi in Mount Merbabu National Park as the Supplement of Teaching Material at Senior High School
Authors: Hafizhasando Ramajid , Saptono Sigit , Parmin Parmin , Rahayuningsih Margareta
Published: September 2020

The challenge of improving the 21st-century education quality in the industrial revolution 4.0 erais that graduates are expected to have theknowledge skills, abilities in the field of technology, information media, and learning  innovation skills for life and career skills. This research was aimed to develop a digital fungi pocketbook in Mount Merbabu National Park to improve student learning outcomes. This research was a Research and Development (R&D) study, which used the Gall, Gall, and Borg model. The data analysis techniques used were descriptive data analysis related to the validity of responses from users, while the N-gain test was used to determine the product's effectiveness. The results showed (1) the digital pocketbook developed had very valid criteria regarding aspects of media, language, and material (2) students and teachers gave responses to the digital pocketbook used in learning with very valid response criteria (3) the value of learning outcomes students showed improvement with moderate N-Gain scores. Thus, the digital pocketbook that was developed can be used as an additional learning source in learning Natural Sciences (Biology) in the face of the 21st century and the industrial revolution 4.0.
Investigating the possibility of making lignin-glyoxal resins as adhesives in the production of plywood
Authors: Tupa Esfandiyari Mohammad Reza , Talaei Pour Mohammad , Khademieslam Habibollah , Mir Shokraei Seyed Ahmad , Bazyar Behzad
Published: September 2020

The possibility of making glues of natural origin (pure lignin and lignin-gluoxal (instead of chemical resins for making plywood from poplar layer was investigated. For this purpose, lignin was reacted with glyoxal and the lignin-glyoxal glue was produced. To make the desired plywood, pure lignin (L.100%), lignin-glyoxal 15% (L.85%, G.15%), and lignin-glyoxal 30% (L.70%, G.30%) were used as the adhesive at three different levels. Ammonium chloride (1%) as the hardener and wheat flour (30%) as the filler based on the dry weight of the adhesive were also used. Plates made with urea formaldehyde resin at 160 g/m2 were considered as control samples. After the laboratory boards were produced, the physical and mechanical properties of samples, such as thickness swelling after 2 and 24 h of immersion in water, shear strength, modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity, were measured. In addition, the groups and bonds in the pure lignin and lignin-gloxal adhesives were identified by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. In most tests and compared to the boards made of the adhesives and control boards, the lignin-glyoxal 30% (L.70%, G.30%) glue came closest to the performance of the control glue.
Effect of moisture content on the load carrying capacity and stiffness of corner wood-based and plastic joints
Authors: Máchová Eliška , Langová Nadežda , Réh Roman , Joščák Pavol , Krišťák Ľuboš , Holouš Zdeněk , Igaz Rastislav , Hitka Miloš
Published: September 2020

The effect of moisture content on mechanical properties of corner furniture joints was evaluated for when different joining methods and materials were used. Results included statistical processing of the measured and calculated data and evaluation of the effect of selected factors on mechanical properties of joints caused by using mechanical fasteners and glue. The load-carrying capacity and stiffness of corner joints were investigated in two environments, humid and dry, with standard conditions for temperature and pressure, i.e., dry environment had a temperature of 23 °C ± 2 °C and relative humidity of 45% ± 5%, and the humid environment had a temperature of 23 °C ± 2 °C and relative humidity of 90% ± 5%. The two types of materials used were particleboard (PB) with a thickness of 12 mm and artificial stone (plastic) with a thickness of 12 mm. Both materials were tested individually as well as their combination. Epoxy and polyurethane (PUR) adhesives were used for the glued dowel joints. When the same materials were bonded, maximum load carrying capacity was achieved with PUR adhesive, material combination of plastic-plastic, and moisture content of 90%. The epoxy adhesive was most suitable for bonding materials with different properties.
Effects of the manufacturing conditions on the VOCs emissions of particleboard
Authors: Sun Shijing , Zhao Zhongyuan , Shen Jun
Published: September 2020

The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from wood-based panels are hazardous to indoor air quality. Usually, the VOCs are derived from the adhesive, chemical compounds, and wood components. However, there has been little research focusing on the effects of manufacture conditions on the VOC emissions. In this study, the effects of density, thickness, and resin content on total VOC (TVOC) and individual VOCs were investigated by the small chamber method and gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The TVOC emission from the particleboard of each manufacturing condition decreased with extended exposure time. The higher density, thickness, and resin content of particleboard at each measured time caused higher concentrations of TVOC emissions. Most of the detected VOCs were aromatics. The esters, aldehydes, and ketones showed a high increasing level with increasing particleboard density, thickness, and resin content. This result indicated that these chemical compounds were most sensitive to changes in manufacturing conditions.
Thorium as a nuclear material: physics features and a safety analysis due to insertion of ThO2 in a PWR nuclear reactor fuel
Authors: Da Fonseca Clóves Júnior , De Oliveira Cláudio Luiz , De Medeiros Marcos Paulo Cavaliere , Fonseca Eduardo Henrique Fernandes , Baptista Camila Oliveira
Published: September 2020

On this paper it is presented the main physics features of the thorium as a nuclear material and a security analysis due to insertion of ThO2 in a PWR nuclear reactor fuel by the determination and assessment of the sensitivity coeficients through the Standardized Computer Analyses for Licensing Evaluation - SCALE 6.1 nuclear code system. This work was motivated by the world tendencies to reseach and development of nuclear fuels based on thorium, because the limitations of uranium resources and the importance of nuclear energy to the humanity.
Definição de Níveis de Referência em Diagnóstico do Serviço de Medicina Nuclear do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre
Authors: Seraphim Daniel Molena , Fischer da Silveira Fischer Andréia Caroline
Published: September 2020

A medicina nuclear (MN) é uma especialidade médica que faz uso de radiação ionizante para fins diagnósticos e terapêuticos. A segurança dos pacientes submetidos aos procedimentos da MN se dá a partir de dois princípios básicos de proteção radiológica: o da justificação e o da otimização de dose. Pautada nesses princípios, a ICRP (International Commission on Radiological Protection) introduziu o conceito de DRLs (Diagnostic Reference Levels) como uma ferramenta de otimização das exposições médicas. Neste trabalho foram identificados os exames mais realizados pelo SMN (Serviço de Medicina Nuclear) de um hospital público e universitário, e calculados para eles os respectivos DRLs, definidos como o terceiro quartil da distribuição de atividade administrada (Aadm). Para isso foram utilizados dados de procedimentos realizados entre julho de 2017 e junho de 2019, disponíveis nos bancos de dados do hospital. Os valores de DRL obtidos foram comparados a protocolos e guias nacionais e internacionais, além de DRLs de outros países incluindo um estudo propondo valores para o Brasil. Constatou-se que em 8 dos 14 exames analisados, os valores de DRL obtidos estão acima dos valores máximos de Aadm sugeridos nos guias consultados, sendo recomendada, para estes casos, a reavaliação dos protocolos adotados. Devido à simplicidade de obtenção e análise dos dados, recomenda-se a revisão periódica desses valores para que se cumpra seu propósito enquanto ferramenta de otimização das práticas conduzidas.
Estudo da distribuição de dose de feixes clínicos de elétrons em meios heterogêneos
Authors: Aguirre Eder , De Almeida Carlos Eduardo , David Mariano , Venencia Daniel
Published: September 2020

Este trabalho estuda o comportamento da distribuição de dose de feixes de elétrons de uso clínico utilizando o método Monte Carlo, através do código PENELOPE na presença de heterogeneidades.  O método Monte Carlo é considerado em diferentes áreas das ciências exatas, como um importante método para simulações e cálculos na área de física médica. O primeiro objetivo do trabalho é de validar as simulações através da comparação com as distribuições de dose medidas ao longo do eixo central (curvas de PDP) de feixes de elétrons de uso clínico. Uma primeira aproximação é feita considerando o feixe de elétrons monoenergético para construir os espectros que melhor reproduzam parâmetros relevantes que caracterizam, por exemplo, as curvas de PDP (Porcentagem de Dose na Profundidade). Os espectros foram modelados de forma a reproduzir com boa concordância as curvas de PDP experimentais tendo sido usado como critério que a qualidade do feixe e o alcance entre os valores medidos e os simulados ficassem com um nível de concordância de 1mm. O segundo visou simular a inserção de materiais com diferentes densidades, e o efeito nas curvas de PDP e isodose. As heterogeneidades simuladas apresentaram resultados que variam de superdosagem a subdosagem que tem que ser levados em consideração ao momento de planejar e administrar a dose ao paciente.
Neutronic evaluation of CANDU-6 core using reprocessed fuels
Authors: Silva Clarysson Alberto Mello da , Cabrera Carlos Eduardo Velasquez , Almeida Michel Cleberson Bernardo de , Faria Rochkhudon Batista de , Pereira Claubia
Published: September 2020

The spent fuel from a PWR still contains some amount of fissile materials depending on their initial enrichment and the burnup. Thus, spent fuel from PWRs containing about 1.5% of fissile material could be used as fuel for CANDU reactors after some fission products are removed from it. Thus, an important proposal is the DUPIC cycle, where spent fuels from a PWR are packaged into a CANDU fuel bundle using mechanical reprocessing but without the need of chemical reprocessing. When it is refueled with reprocessed fuel, the reactivity of the system increases, and this behavior may affect the safety parameters of the reactor. Therefore, this work studies the neutronic parameters of two reprocessing fuel techniques: AIROX and OREOX, which are evaluated for two different cores configuration. The first one considers heavy water as a moderator and coolant. The second one considers heavy water and light water as moderator and coolant respectively. These studies evaluate the core behavior based on the different number of reprocessed fuels channels and compare them with the reference core. To perform the simulation the MCNPX was used to calculate the effective multiplication factor, fuel temperature coefficient of reactivity, void reactivity coefficient, and neutron flux, which were evaluated at steady state condition for the different cases. The results show that the presence of parasitic absorbers in the reprocessed fuels hardens the neutron spectrum. This behavior provokes an increase in the core reactivity, in the fuel temperature coefficient and in the void reactivity coefficient. Among these parameters, the use of light water reduces the core reactivity but do not improve the fuel temperature coefficient and the void reactivity coefficient.
Avaliação do PETG como material para imobilizadores utilizados em radioterapia para cabeça e pescoço
Authors: Birnfeld Heitor Ribeiro , Touguinha Gabriela Corati , Santos Romulo Rocha , Sánchez Mirko Salomón Alva , Millão Luzia Fernandes
Published: September 2020

No planejamento do tratamento radioterápico do câncer de cabeça e pescoço, o radioncologista pode indicar o uso de uma prótese intraoral para facilitar a técnica de radioterapia e reduzir a toxicidade do tratamento. Esses dispositivos são comumente fabricados com resina acrílica odontológica , o polimetilmetacrilato (PMMA), mas há relatos de fabricação em materiais termoplásticos. O polietileno tereftalato de glicol (PETG) é um composto utilizado na fabricação de aparelhos dentários, que pode ser utilizado na fabricação de próteses intraorais. Objetivo: Avaliar o potencial uso de PETG na prótese intraoral para radioterapia do câncer de cabeça e pescoço. Materiais e métodos: Utilizaram-se formas circulares de PMMA e PETG de espessuras de 1, 2 e 3 mm com as dimensões de um fantasma de cabeça, o que permitiu a inserção de um filme radiocrômico. As irradiações ocorreram em um acelerador linear com fótons de energia de 6 MeV. Resultados: As diferenças percentuais da dose de profundidade dos materiais PMMA e PETG foram de 3%, 8% e 4%, respectivamente para as espessuras de 1, 2 e 3 mm, em torno da posição das formas circulares. Conclusão: Com base nos resultados obtidos, pode-se inferir que o PETG é adequado para a fabricação de prótese intraoral para tratamento radioterápico, substituindo os materiais existentes.
Determination of dose rate during the inspection of spent fuel element in the testing cell
Authors: Abdelhady Amr
Published: September 2020

Testing cell a hot cell is responsible for inspecting the spent fuel elements in open pool type reactor. Because the spent fuel elements examination in the testing cell would result in rising in radiation dose level, a previous precaution should be estimated to ensuring the radiation protection safety and the prevention of radiation hazard for the workers during the process. The most efficient precaution against these kinds of work is the estimation of the predicted radiation dose level around the hot cell during the inspection process. In this regard, a MCNP model was performed to simulate the spent fuel element inspection inside the hot cell to estimate the radiation dose level around the testing cell during the process. The dose rate, during the inspection of the spent fuel element, would be estimated at different decay times for different burn-up. The calculations show that the minimal decay times required to manipulating the spent fuel element would range between 120 to 270 days for burn-up ranging between 18745 and 101224.4 MWD/TU.
A study on trace elements in fingernails and toenails from adult individuals by instrumental neutron activation analysis
Authors: Sanches Thalita Pinheiro , Genezini Frederico Antonio , Saiki Mitiko
Published: September 2020

This study presents results of instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) of nails from healthy adult individuals living in São Paulo city, Brazil. Concentrations of As, Br, Ca, Co, Cr, Fe, K, La, Na, Sb, Se and Zn were determined in fingernails and toenails and their variations with gender, age, body mass index among individuals and inter-element correlations were evaluated. These results indicated that several factors might affect in the nail element composition. In addition, there are few published data for finger and toenails analyses. However, comparisons made between the concentrations of elements obtained in fingernails were reasonable within the range of literature values. The findings of this study may contribute to establish an appropriate protocol to obtain data of nail element composition to be used as reference values.
Image quality evaluation for two different positron emitters in a preclinical PET scanner
Authors: Gadelha Rodrigo Modesto , Ferreira Andréa Vidal , Souza Guilherme Albuquerque Cavalcante , Silva Juliana Batista , Mamede Marcelo
Published: September 2020

Positron emission tomography (PET) is widely used in preclinical trials, generating molecular images applied to biochemical, metabolic and functional investigation of organs and tissues. The positron emitters 11C and 18F radionuclides are relevant for different diseases studies. However, they have different positron energies, ranges, and branching ratio. This could result in a distinct quality between the acquired PET images. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the image quality performance of the PET scanner (LabPET 4, GE) at CDTN/CNEN using the NEMA NU 4-2008 standards and specific phantom for these two different positron emitters. The NEMA image-quality (IQ) phantom consists of 3 different regions to analyze distinct characteristics: uniformity, recovery coefficients (RCs) and spill-over rations (SOR) in air and water. The IQ phantom was filled with two different aqueous solutions (18F-FDG and 11C-PK11195), both activities calibrated at the beginning of acquisition (3.7MBq). The IQ phantom was placed in the center of the field-of-view (FOV) and measured with the typical whole body imaging protocol. The images were reconstructed following the Molecular Imaging Laboratory (LIM/CDTN) standard protocol: MLEM-3D algorithm, 20 iterations, no high-resolution mode, no attenuation or scatter corrections, no post-filtering. PMOD® software was used to perform images post-processing following NEMA analyses standard. The %SD of medium concentration activity for 18F and 11C was 7.7 and 14.5, respectively. The RCs for 18F and 11C were 0.11 and 0.12 respectively for the 1-mm-diameter rod and 0.88 and 0.77 for the 5-mm-diameter rod. SORs in air were 0.19 and 0.22, respectively, and in water 0.29 and 0.33. Experimental results demonstrates that when 18F radionuclide is used, PET images presents a better performance in the image quality tests compared to 11C PET images.
BIOPOLÍTICA Y ESCASEZ ALIMENTARIA EN LAS PLANTACIONES BANANERAS: EL CASO DE MAMITA YUNAI, DE CARLOS LUIS FALLAS, BANANOS, DE EMILIO QUINTANA, Y PRISIÓN VERDE, DE RAMÓN AMAYA
Authors: Cuvardic-García Dorde , Martínez-Barbáchano Rubén
Published: September 2020

Existen diversas modalidades de escasez alimentaria. Una de ellas procede de las condiciones de explotación laboral de los trabajadores en las plantaciones bananeras. Esta situación se representa en Mamita Yunai, Bananos y Prisión verde. El control de los cuerpos de los trabajadores –perteneciente al ámbito de la biopolítica, desde Foucault- se expresa, entre otras prácticas de la empresa transnacional capitalista, a través del monopolio de la distribución y consumo de los alimentos los trabajadores. El sometimiento o la rebelión hacia estas prácticas de control de la alimentación son dos posibilidades que se le ofrecen a los peones bananeros.
AN ENDLESS CONTINUUM: HUMANKIND’S UNENDING JOURNEY IN KINNELL’S THE BOOK OF NIGHTMARES
Authors: Quirós-García Elizabeth
Published: September 2020

This study presents an analysis, from a mythical and archetypical stance, of the archetype of the hero’s journey in Galway Kinnell’s The book of nightmares. Hence, the scholarly contributions of Carl Jung, Joseph Campbell and Octavio Paz will be mainly utilized to demonstrate how the three stages of the archetype are met: separation or departure, trials and victories of initiation, and return or reintegration with society.
NOT A GREAT WINNER, BUT AN ORDINARY LOSER
Authors: Villanea Morales Lucía
Published: September 2020

This essay presents a characterization analysis of F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby. Being aware of his underprivileged origin, Jay Gatsby spends his whole life amassing his fortune. By examining his behavior in the novel, it is feasible to acknowledge his level of ambition, corruption, alienation, and ultimately loss. In spite of Gatsby’s apparent greatness, failure and decay govern his whole life. He was born not only with delusions of greatness but also with the ability of being corrupt; in his attempt of belonging to the aristocratic class, he loses both everything he has longed for and his own life. Thus, Gatsby’s unreachable dream makes him an ordinary loser, who is only skilled at making money from dirty business.
ADAPTACIÓN DE INDICADORES DE TURISMO SOSTENIBLE: IMPLEMENTACIÓN EN CHIAPAS, MÉXICO
Authors: Rioja-Paradela Tamara , Camacho-Ruiz Edali , Carrillo-Reyes Arturo , Espinoza-Medinilla Eduardo , Porras-Murillo Laura
Published: September 2020

Este estudio adapta y propone una serie de indicadores de turismo sostenible, así como un índice de sostenibilidad turística. Se aplicaron indicadores cuantitativos y cualitativos en un centro turístico de Chiapas, México. De manera relevante se identifican los aspectos críticos que deben abordarse para incrementar la sostenibilidad, y se detalla indicadores que pueden ser utilizados por los administradores del sitio y otros proyectos turísticos similares.
SUBALTERNIDAD EN COSTA RICA: BRECHAS EDUCATIVAS Y OPORTUNIDADES EN UNA SOCIEDAD GLOBALIZADA Y DIGITAL
Authors: Castellón Zelaya Luis Arturo
Published: September 2020

Este artículo expone algunas reflexiones acerca de las desigualdades que afectan el aprovechamiento de la educación pública costarricense para responder al contexto actual de globalización y desarrollo tecnológico. A partir de aportes teóricos de Chakravorty-Spivak y Freire, se discute la transformación de la alfabetización en el contexto de la cultura digital y las oportunidades que representa para un desarrollo social mucho más equitativo en el país.
El auge histórico de la estilística y su impronta en Costa Rica
Authors: Villalobos Carlos Manuel
Published: September 2020

En este artículo, se estudia el impacto histórico de la estilística y los efectos que tuvo en Costa Rica. Se parte de una publicación hecha por Manuel Picado en 1975 donde resume los postulados de la estilística según Amado Alonso. Esta metodología de análisis de la expresión verbal surgió a inicios del siglo XX como parte de la lingüística estructural, pero sus mayores aplicaciones fueron en el ámbito de los estudios literarios. A través del estilo, manifiesto en la forma, se accede al espíritu creador, ya sea para valorar a un autor específico o para caracterizar un grupo cultural. En el artículo, se estudia su paso por las escuelas idealistas de Alemania y España y se hace referencia al auge que tuvo en Hispanoamérica. En la última parte, se analiza la huella que dejó en los estudios literarios costarricenses: desde el estudio del estilo en el marco de la prescriptiva literaria hasta los primeros atisbos estilísticos con Roberto Brenes Mesén y Arturo Agüero Chaves. En este contexto, destaca el trabajo de Abelardo Bonilla de 1967, quien intenta explicar, con ejemplos literarios, el estilo del espíritu costarricense.
La configuración textual de las recetas médicas en español (siglos XV-XVI)
Authors: Cruz Volio Gabriela
Published: September 2020

En este artículo presentamos un análisis de las recetas médicas en tanto género discursivo y tipo textual con el fin de contribuir con el estudio de la historia del español a través de la diversidad de sus formas discursivas. Con este objetivo, hemos seleccionado 557 recetas médicas de distintas obras de medicina escritas entre los siglos XV y XVI y las hemos analizado de acuerdo con los elementos estructurales (ingredientes, preparación, aplicación, eficacia), las formas verbales empleadas y el modo de incorporación de las recetas dentro del texto. Los resultados muestran que la presentación de información precisa y detallada, así como el empleo de infinitivos y perífrasis léxicas, se relaciona con obras cuya función es dar consejos y recomendaciones, mientras que la presentación de información vaga y el uso del imperativo es propio de las recetas que aparecen en libros dedicados a su compilación, los cuales están orientados a la consulta rápida e inmediata. Además, hemos definido que la elección de los patrones discursivos está determinada por el carácter de la obra, sea este erudito o extraacadémico.
Vigencia del Beatus ille en la poesía española del siglo XX: reescrituras del tópico en Jaime Gil de Biedma, Luis Antonio de Villena y Erika Martínez
Authors: Cuvardic García Dorde
Published: September 2020

El Beatus ille, desde su formulación por Horacio, es un tópico de larga duración que ha pasado por diversas metamorfosis. Ha evolucionado con una invariante semántica, en su núcleo, y con diversas variantes, vigentes en cada época. Además de realizar un recorrido histórico por este tópico en la literatura occidental, el objetivo del presente artículo es analizar e interpretar diversos ejemplos de reescritura del Beatus ille en la poesía española del siglo XX, en particular “De Vita Beata” (Poemas póstumos, 1968), de Jaime Gil de Biedma, “Un tema de Horacio” (Hymnica, 1975) de Luis Antonio de Villena y “Beata illa” (Color carne, 2009), de Erika Martínez.
Indicios de variación y cambio en el sistema de clasificación nominal en bribri
Authors: Sánchez Avendaño Carlos
Published: September 2020

En este artículo se analizan los indicios de variación y cambio del sistema de clasificación nominal en bribri. En esta lengua, los sustantivos se adscriben a clases nominales vinculadas con parámetros como la forma del referente (plana, redonda, alargada) o su carácter humano, entre otros. La clase se realiza por medio de sufijos unidos a las raíces numerales, por lo cual se ha concebido como un sistema de clasificadores numerales. Sin embargo, los paradigmas muestran diferencias formales entre sí hasta ciertos números. Por este motivo, se ha sospechado que, debido al proceso de desplazamiento del idioma, algunas clases han perdido la marcación propia en algunos casos. Con el fin de evaluar esta hipótesis, recurrimos a las descripciones y a los corpus discursivos más antiguos. Además, recogimos datos actuales de la competencia lingüística de diversos hablantes. El examen de la documentación histórica evidencia que los paradigmas no han perdido la marcación desde finales del siglo XIX. Por su parte, los datos actuales muestran que la tendencia de cambio vinculado al desplazamiento consiste en extender la marcación de la clase plana a otras.
Accurate through-the-thickness stress distributions in thin-walled metallic structures subjected to large displacements and large rotations
Authors: Pagani A. , Azzara R. , Augello R. , Carrera E. , Wu B.
Published: September 2020

The present paper presents the evaluation of three-dimensional (3D) stress distributions of shell structures in the large displacement and rotation fields. The proposed geometrical nonlinear model is based on a combination of the Carrera Unified Formulation (CUF) and the Finite Element Method (FEM). Besides, a Newton-Raphson linearization scheme is adopted to compute the geometrical nonlinear equations, which are constrained using the arc-length path-following method. Static analyses are performed using refined models and the full Green-Lagrange strain-displacement relations. The Second Piola-Kirchhoff (PK2) stress distributions are evaluated, and lower- to higher-order expansions are employed. Popular benchmarks problems are analyzed, including cylindrical isotropic shell structure with various boundary and loading conditions. Various numerical assessments for different equilibrium conditions in the moderate and large displacement fields are proposed. Results show the distribution of axial and shear stresses, varying the refinement of the proposed two-dimensional (2D) shell model. It is shown that for axial components, a lower-order expansion is sufficient, whereas a higher-order one is needed to accurately predict shear stresses.
The method of finite spheres in acoustic wave propagation through nonhomogeneous media: Inf-sup stability conditions
Authors: Nicomedes Williams L. , Bathe Klaus-Jürgen , Moreira Fernando J. S. , Mesquita Renato C.
Published: September 2020

When the method of finite spheres is used for the solution of time-harmonic acoustic wave propagation problems in nonhomogeneous media, a mixed (or saddle-point) formulation is obtained in which the unknowns are the pressure fields and the Lagrange multiplier fields defined at the interfaces between the regions with distinct material properties. Then certain inf-sup conditions must be satisfied by the discretized spaces in order for the finite-dimensional problems to be well-posed. We discuss in this paper the analysis and use of these conditions. Since the conditions  involve norms of functionals in fractional Sobolev spaces, we derive ‘stronger’ conditions that are simpler in form. These new conditions pave the way for the inf-sup testing, a tool for assessing the stability of the discretized problems.
A modified averaging operator with some applications
Authors: Nguyen Anh Tay , Anh N. D.
Published: September 2020

The paper presents a new approach to the conventional averaging in which the role of boundary values is considered in a more detailed way. It results in a new weighted local averaging operator (WLAO) taking into account the particular role of boundary values. A remarkable feature of WLAO is that this operator contains a parameter of boundary regulation p and depends on a local value $h$ of the integration domain. By varying these two parameters one can regulate the obtained approximate solutions in order to get more accurate ones. It has been shown that the combination of WLAO with Galerkin method can lead to an effective approximate tool for the buckling problem of columns and for the frequency analysis of free vibration of strongly nonlinear systems.
A simple size-dependent isogeometric approach for bending analysis of functionally graded microplates using the modified strain gradient elasticity theory
Authors: Thai Chien H. , Nguyen-Xuan H.
Published: September 2020

In this study, a simple size-dependent isogeometric approach for bending analysis of functionally graded (FG) microplates using the modified strain gradient theory (MSGT), simple first-order shear deformation theory (sFSDT) and isogeometric analysis is presented for the first time. The present approach reduces one variable when comparing with the original first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT) within five variables and only considers three material length scale parameters (MLSPs) to capture size effects. Effective material properties as Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio and density mass are computed by a rule of mixture. Thanks to the principle of virtual work, the essential equations which are solved by the isogeometric analysis method, are derived. Rectangular and circular FG microplates with different boundary conditions, volume fraction and material length scale parameter are exampled to evaluate the deflections of FG microplates.
Misattributions and misnomers in mechanics: Why they matter in the search for insight and precision of thought
Authors: Reddy J. N. , Srinivasa Arun R.
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this article is to bring some examples of misattributes (i.e., theories and models that bear some one’s name while the idea belongs to someone else) and misnomers (i.e., words or phrases that are either incorrect or inaccurate) to the attention of the colleagues in the field, and correct them so that these incorrect phrases and attributions and misnomers are not repeated in the future writings. In the process, we also discuss the purpose of a literature reviews and the need for precision of thought in naming ideas or concepts.  It is hoped that people will be careful and precise in using the words, names, and phrases correctly (since after all, these represent ideas that need to be communicated) and not propagate inaccurate information in the literature. The discussion presented is restricted to mostly structural and computational mechanics.
Dynamic crack propagation in specimens with a surface irregularity
Authors: Hassanirad Ali , Vaziri Vahid , Woo Ko-Choong , Wiercigroch Marian
Published: September 2020

Initiation of cracks and their propagation in prescribed orientations on tubular specimens has been made possible on a dynamic fatigue testing rig developed at the University of Aberdeen. This rig was originally designed to perform experiments on single edge notched beams (SENB) [1,2]. Modifications have recently been made so as to accommodate experimental tests on tubular specimens with a range of sizes and other cross sections. Crack initiation at grooves on such specimens has been followed by crack growth. At the same time, lateral oscillations of cracked specimen have been measured, as well as accelerations of base excitation, masses above and below cracked specimen. Forces on these two masses have been observed by two load cells attached at positions close to specimen. These load cells facilitated the measurement of stresses in experiment. Crack length time histories have also been constructed by applying an alternating current potential difference (ACPD) method. Fatigue cracks were initiated at the pre-cut grooves in aluminium tubular specimens. Three specimens with different groove sizes were tested in fifteen individual experiments. A three-dimensional Finite Element model was established for each specimen so as to calculate the stress concentration factor (SCF). This formed the basis of determining the amplitude of forcing input made possible by an electromechanical shaker. The phase shifts of acquired time histories has provided some indication of energy transfer mechanism during fatigue and system dynamic response. Observations of cracked specimen displacement during experiments was compared against calculated displacement from elastic theory. Nonlinear responses were observed, suggesting nonlinear stiffness characteristics of the specimen due to discontinuities introduced by crack growth and plasticity effects. Comparison of damage combinations in experimental observation was made with predictions from BS EN 1999-1-3. All experimental observations of total damage combination were higher than predicted values by the latter code.
Komunikasi Pemasaran Terpadu “Lemospirés Batik” dalam Menarik Minat Pembelian Konsumen
Authors: Andita Kirana Cindy
Published: September 2020

This article examines the marketing communication strategies used by Lemospirés Batik to attract consumer interest. This research uses a qualitative-descriptive approach. The research data were analyzed with the perspective of the marketing communication mix theory. The results of this study describe that the strategy taken by Lemospirés Batik to market and introduce its products is (1) the use of advertisements on social and non-social media, (2) organizing exhibitions to do direct marketing, (3) giving discounts and giveaways. to create sales promotions, (4) creating distinctive features on products that are part of personal selling, (5) using public relations to build relationships, and (6) using social media Instagram and Facebook to market products with the concept of storytelling.
Strategi Komunikasi Pemasaran Lasagna Larise Dalam Meningkatkan Penjualan
Authors: Khasanah Irodatul
Published: September 2020

This article discusses how Lasagna Larise's strategy is to increase its sales. This study uses a qualitative-descriptive approach to describe facts and data. The result of this research is Lasagna Larise puts forward appropriate products, quality, and prices, uses vigorous promotions and locations that attract buyers. In addition, they also use advertising and education independently for prospective buyers, especially for resellers who will later resell their products and of course purchase more than retailers. The benefits provided are also attractive to potential buyers. Further education is still being carried out to increase the number of sales and customer loyalty.
Pemanfaatan Media Sosial dalam Pemasaran Produk UMKM di Kelurahan Sidokumpul, Kabupaten Gresik
Authors: Abidin Achmad Zainal , Zendo Azhari Thareq , Naufal Esfandiar Wildan , Nuryaningrum Nafila , Farah Dhilah Syifana Anisah , Cahyaningrum Indah
Published: September 2020

This research discusses how  the use of social media in marketing UMKM products in Sidokumpul Village, Gresik District, Gresik Regency. The research objective is to introduce UMKM products to the wider community in order to get a bigger market potential. This research method is qualitative by using phenomenological approach. The research result is, the use of social media provides good prospects for increasing the sales of UMKM products in Sidokumpul Village, Gresik District, Gresik Regency which is experiencing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. This is because the digital marketing system provides an online buying and selling platform, in order to facilitate the ordering and purchasing process. So that buyers can interact with UMKM owners to make transactions directly
Komunikasi Politik Kiai Dalam Pemilihan Umum Tahun 2019
Authors: Mushthofa Misyuniarto Khoirul
Published: September 2020

This study examines the political communication strategy carried out by Kiai as a boarding school caretaker in the General Election. The purpose of this study is to describe the political communication strategy carried out by Kiai Syafik Rofi'i, caretaker of the Salafiyah Syafi'iyah Islamic Boarding School in Bangkalan Regency, East Java Province in the 2019 General Election.

This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with a case study approach. The results showed that the political communication strategy being implemented was political negotiation among kiai in Islamic boarding schools in Bangkalan Regency. In addition, political communication uses the strategy of a campaign winning team or success team, and also uses the media as a channel for delivering messages to provide understanding and influence public opinion.
$S$-spectra and $S$-essential pseudospectra of the diagonal block operator matrices
Authors: IPEK AL Pembe , İSMAİLOV Zameddin
Published: September 2020

In this article, the relationships between the $S$-spectra, the $ S$-spectral radius, the $ \epsilon$-$S$-essential pseudospectra, and the $ \epsilon$-$S$-essential pseudospectral radius of the diagonal block operator matrices in the direct sum of Banach spaces and their block coordinate operators are studied. Then, the results are supported by applications.
Starlikeness for certain close-to-star functions
Authors: KANAGA R. , RAVİCHANDRAN V
Published: September 2020

We find the radius of starlikeness of order $\alpha$, $0\leq \alpha<1$, of normalized analytic functions $f$ on the unit disk satisfying either $Re(f(z)/g(z))>0$ or $\left|(f(z)/g(z))-1\right|<1$ for some close-to-star function $g$ with $Re(g(z)/(z+z^2/2))>0$ as well as of the class of close-to-star functions $f$ satisfying $Re(f(z)/(z+z^2/2))>0$. Several other radii such as radius of univalence and parabolic starlikeness are shown to be the same as the radius of starlikeness of appropriate order.
Introduction to the GaLA Conf 2019 Special Issue
Authors: Liapis Antonios , Yannakakis Georgios N. , Gentile Manuel , Ninaus Manuel
Published: September 2020

It is a great pleasure for us to introduce this issue of the IJSG, which is dedicated to the Games and Learning Alliance Conference (GaLA Conf) that was held in Athens, November 27-29, 2019. Almost 70 participants converged in this beautiful, historic city in order to share knowledge and experiences related to serious games and gamification, their techniques and their application.

A number of the best conference papers were selected, and the authors were invited to extend their paper with at least one-third new content, and to submit their paper to IJSG for a regular peer-review process. This issue contains three of the resulting articles, which gives an overview of the rich field of serious games.
La investigación social sobre juventud rural en América Latina. Estado de la cuestión de un campo en conformación
Authors: Kessler Gabriel
Published: September 2020

La juventud rural en América Latina ha sido un tema largo tiempo casi invisible para las ciencias sociales y las políticas públicas. Esta situación ha comenzado a cambiar desde mediados de los años ochenta, conformándose un campo de investigación aún incipiente. El artículo es una revisión del estado actual de los trabajos sobre juventud rural en la región, que presenta los hallazgos principales de dichas investigaciones, así como las principales lagunas que presentan. El corpus está constituido por más de 50 trabajos de sociología, antropología y ciencias de la educación. Los temas tratados son la definición de juventud rural y su identidad, las relaciones familiares y de género, la problemática educativa, el mundo del trabajo, la participación política y social, las migraciones y la temática indígena. Aunque a primera vista, la mayoría de los temas no difieren de los tópicos habituales de los estudios de juventud urbana, los hallazgos marcan las particularidades de estos jóvenes respecto de sus pares urbanos. Así, se evidencia una mayor necesidad de articulación entre educación y trabajo, relaciones familiares más patriarcales y una fuerte dominación sobre las mujeres, la centralidad de la cuestión de la tierra, la existencia de pluriactividad laboral y la problemática específica de los jóvenes indígenas. Se señalan también tensiones identitarias entre lo local y lo global, entre la decisión de permanecer y la de migrar, así como una débil conciencia de ser un actor específico.
Ruralidad y educación rural. Referentes para un Programa de Educación Rural en la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional
Authors: López Ramírez Luis Ramiro
Published: September 2020

En el presente artículo se hace una aproximación al concepto de la ruralidad y a las implicaciones que tiene este concepto en la actualidad en aspectos como territorio, medio ambiente, multiculturalidad y organización social; describe también algunas características socioeconómicas del sector rural colombiano, como son población, aporte económico del sector, tenencia de la tierra, pobreza, educación. En una segunda parte, el artículo se aproxima al campo de la educación rural rastreando el estado del arte del conocimiento acerca de la educación rural tanto en la experiencia colombiana como en el plano latinoamericano. En la tercera parte se hace una justificación de un programa de educación rural en la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional, upn, partiendo de reseñar los actuales esfuerzos que hace esta institución por acercarse a lo rural, y definiendo los principales retos que debe enfrentar el programa.
Caracterización del mercado laboral rural en Colombia
Authors: Mina Calvo Alejandro
Published: September 2020

Ver texto completo.
Globalización y sociabilidad urbana: hitos para una educación hacia la ciudadanía
Authors: Moser Gabriel
Published: September 2020

La calidad de vida y el bienestar en los ambientes urbanos son los requisitos para la ciudadanía, como condición del desarrollo sostenible. Sin una identidad urbana y una apropiación de la ciudad, no es posible la educación cívica. De aquí la importancia de la educación en la consolidación de una ciudadanía urbana. Dos aspectos sostienen la vida urbana de manera sostenible: 1) la apropiación del lugar de residencia, por ejemplo, el arraigo territorial, y 2) las redes sociales e interpersonales desarrolladas dentro de la ciudad. Los individuos a menudo se unen de manera espontánea o se agrupan en un territorio urbano de acuerdo con sus afinidades sociales, culturales, étnicas o económicas, y forman distritos más o menos homogéneos que tienden a singularizarse dentro de la comunidad urbana o en su totalidad. La educación representa un papel importante al preparar a los individuos para considerarse a sí mismos como ciudadanos dentro de la diversidad urbana. Esto se puede lograr al intervenir en dos aspectos complementarios e interconectados: las dimensiones física y social del ambiente urbano. El primer aspecto tiene que ver con el tejido urbano como espacio de vida. El segundo, con la diversidad social. El aislamiento del individuo de la comunidad puede prevenirse únicamente a través de la educación en la aceptación de la diversidad y de los fines comunes que persiguen las personas. Trabajar en pro de ciudades sostenibles implica favorecer una cultura ciudadana y promover nuevas políticas de cohesión y cooperación.
Culturas juveniles y pedagogía en tiempos inciertos
Authors: Arellano Duque German Antonio
Published: September 2020

Este trabajo se propone un acercamiento a las complejidades del campo pedagógico, visibles con la emergencia de la reflexión sobre culturas juveniles y pedagogía. Intenta recoger los aportes de las obras de Mariano Narodowski, Jesús Martín-Barbero y Lluis Duch para propiciar un diálogo entre el campo intelectual de la pedagogía y el campo de la comunicación y la cultura desde una perspectiva de encuentro de múltiples miradas provenientes de diversos campos del saber.