bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Different Concentrations of Graphene on the Structural and Optical Properties of Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium
Authors: Aldaleeli Nadiah Y. , Madani Mohamed , Al-Gahtany Samera Ali , Elhaes Hanan , Badry Rania , Ibrahim Medhat A.
Published: January 2025

Developing sustainable and green packaging products that protect foods and preserve their unique properties from UV radiation, which causes photochemical damage, is one of the extensive challenges in the food-packaging industry. Accordingly, carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (CMC)/graphene (G) nanocomposites that contained different weight percentages were prepared by a mechanical milling method. The influence of the G on the chemical composition and optical properties of the nanocomposites were studied by different techniques. SEM and FT-IR analyses confirmed the interaction between the CMC and G. The XRD spectrum showed that the crystallite size of the CMC decreased with G addition. The findings showed that changing the G concentration modified the CMC’s optical properties. The CMC’s transmittance decreased to 52%, 49%, and 57% in the UV-C (200–280), UV-B (280–320 nm), and UV-A (320–400) regions, respectively, with the addition of 2 wt.% of G. Moreover, the optical band gap decreased to 4.80 eV, while the Urbach energy increased from 0.34 to 0.94 eV as the G content increased. The density functional theory (DFT) assumption was followed to establish the electronic properties and vibrational spectrum of the CMC/G model. The theoretically determined IR and experimental FT-IR spectra of the CMC/G nanocomposites showed good agreement. The obtained results show that these nanocomposites are good candidates for food packaging.
Synergistic Effect of Ultrasound and Osmotic Pretreatment on the Drying Kinetics and Antioxidant Properties of Satkara (Citrus macroptera): A Novel Preservation Strategy
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Afzal , Shaha Limon Chandra , Romen Tasnim Islam , Sarkar Animesh , Biswas Rahul , Ahmed Shafi , Islam Md. Atiqual , Muntasir Fahim , Patwary Md. Amjad , Morais Rui M. S. C. , Morais Alcina M. M. B.
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to investigate the effects of combined ultrasound and osmotic pretreatment conditions on the drying kinetics and antioxidant properties, such as total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), vitamin C content, and DPPH radical scavenging activity, of dried Citrus macroptera (Satkara) fruits. The fruit slices were immersed in 10% aqueous solutions of sucrose (S), glucose (G), and fructose (F) followed by an ultrasound treatment (40 kHz) for 10, 20, or 30 min. The samples were then dried in a convective oven at 50, 60, or 70 °C and 30% relative humidity with a constant air velocity of 3 m s−1. Four thin-layer kinetic models, namely Page, Newton, Henderson and Pabis, and Logarithmic, were evaluated. Among these, Page was found to be the most suitable model for predicting the drying kinetics. The pretreatment process accelerated the drying process significantly, reducing the drying time up to 6 h. Additionally, the pretreated samples exhibited improved retention of quality attributes, with vitamin C being best preserved in S solutions, TPC in both S and F solutions, TFC in F solutions, and DPPH in all three sugar solutions (S, F, and G). The application of ultrasound during osmotic treatment also had a positive impact on TPC and TFC retention, whereas it presented a negative effect on vitamin C when used for a prolonged duration and a negligible one on the antioxidant capacity. Overall, this study provides a new perspective on the drying kinetics of Satkara fruits, and their respective properties after drying, and being subjected to combined ultrasound and osmotic pretreatment. These findings will contribute to the development of effective and efficient drying methods suitable for industrial applications to produce dried Satkara products with a minimum quality degradation.
Digitised Optimisation of Nanoparticle Synthesis via Laser Ablation: An Industry 4.0 Multivariate Approach for Enhanced Production
Authors: Freeland Brian , McCann Ronan , Akkoyunlu Burcu , Tiefenthaler Manuel , Dabros Michal , Juillerat Mandy , Rochfort Keith D. , Foley Greg , Brabazon Dermot
Published: January 2025

The synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) via laser ablation synthesis in solution (LASiS) is a promising method for sustainable and efficient nanoparticle fabrication. This work investigates the transition from one-factor-at-a-time experimentation to a more efficient, multivariate approach for optimising NP production efficiency. By applying the Industry 4.0 principles, the objective is to digitise and automate laboratory processes to increase productivity and robustness. Design of Experiments (DoE) strategies, Taguchi orthogonal arrays and full-factorial design (FFD), have been employed to enhance laser ablation processes. Both models confirmed that increasing laser power led to higher colloid absorbance, with the Taguchi DoE offering rapid initial process mapping and FFD providing a higher-resolution analysis. The optimal laser repetition rate of 30 kHz was identified as a balance between pulse energy and thermal effects on the target, maximising ablation efficiency. The Taguchi model had a prediction of NP size with an R2 value of 0.49, while the FFD struggled with accurate size prediction. Additionally, this study introduced a recirculation flow regime as a rapid test platform for predicting optimal conditions for continuous flow production. Using a semi-autonomous DoE platform decreased the operator involvement and increased the process selectivity. This proof-of-concept for on-the-bench NP rapid manufacturing demonstrated how efficient NP synthesis processes can be developed by clarifying the effects of varying parameters on colloid productivity, paving the way for broader industrial applications in the future.
Assembly Modes and Workspace Analysis of a 3-RRR Planar Manipulator
Authors: Buium Florentin , Doroftei Ioan , Alaci Stelian
Published: January 2025

This paper examines the influence of the eight assembling modes of the 3-RRR planar manipulator on its workspace. The workspace is analyzed considering both first-type and second-type singularities. Understanding these issues is crucial in the process of designing such manipulators to avoid unfavorable cases. Additionally, a modular platform concept, suitable for experimental testing and informed by the numerical results presented here, is proposed. The outcomes of the experimental tests will be addressed in future work.
A Comparative Study of Downscaling Methods for Groundwater Based on GRACE Data Using RFR and GWR Models in Jiangsu Province, China
Authors: Yang Rihui , Zhong Yuqing , Zhang Xiaoxiang , Maimaitituersun Aizemaitijiang , Ju Xiaohan
Published: January 2025

The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) introduces a new approach to accurately monitor, in real time, regional groundwater resources, which compensates for the limitations of traditional hydrological observations in terms of spatiotemporal resolution. Currently, observations of groundwater storage changes in Jiangsu Province face issues such as low spatial resolution, limited applicability of the downscaling models, and insufficient water resource observation data. This study based on GRACE employs Random Forest Regression (RFR) and Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) methods in order to obtain high-resolution information on groundwater storage change. The results indicate that among the established 66 × 158 local GWR models, the coefficient of determination (R2) ranges from 0.39 to 0.88, with a root mean squared error (RMSE) of approximately 2.60 cm. The proportion of downscaling models with an R2 below 0.5 was 18.52%. Similarly, the RFR models trained on the above time series grid data achieved an R2 of 0.50, with the RMSE fluctuating around 1.59 cm. In the results validation, the monthly correlation coefficients between the GWR downscaling results and the data of measured stations ranged from 0.37 to 0.66, with 53.33% of the stations having a coefficient greater than 0.5. The seasonal correlation coefficients ranged from 0.41 to 0.62, with 60% of the stations exceeding 0.5. The correlation coefficients for the RFR downscaling results ranged from 0.44 to 0.88, with seasonal correlation coefficients ranging from 0.49 to 0.84. Only one station had a correlation coefficient below 0.5 for both monthly and seasonal results. In the validation of the correlation accuracy between the downscaling results and the measured groundwater levels, the Random Forest model demonstrated better predictive performance, which offers distinct advantages in improving the spatial resolution of groundwater storage changes in Jiangsu Province.
A Track Segment Association Method Based on Heuristic Optimization Algorithm and Multistage Discrimination
Authors: Chen Yiming , Zhang Zhikun , Zhang Hui , Huang Weimin
Published: January 2025

The fragmentation of vessel tracks represents a significant challenge in the context of high-frequency surface wave radar (HFSWR) tracking. This paper proposes a new track segment association (TSA) algorithm that integrates optimal tracklet assignment, iterative discrimination, and multi-stage association. This paper reformulates the optimal tracklet assignment task as an optimal state search problem for modeling and solution purposes. To determine whether competing old and new tracklets can be associated, we assume the existence of a public state that represents the correlation between the tracklets. However, due to track fragmentation, this public state remains unknown. We need to search for the optimal public state of all candidate tracklet pairs within a feasible parameter space, using a fitness function value as the evaluation criterion. The old and new tracklets pairs that match the optimal public state are considered optimally associated. Since the solution process involves searching for the optimal state across multiple dimensions, it constitutes a high-dimensional optimization problem. To accomplish this task, the catch fish optimization algorithm (CFOA) is employed for its ability to escape local optima and handle high-dimensional optimization, enhancing the reliability of tracklet assignment. Furthermore, we achieve precise one-to-one associations by assigning new tracklet to old tracklet through the optimal tracklet assignment method we proposed, a process we abbreviate as AN2O, and its inverse process, which assigns old tracklet to new tracklet, abbreviated as AO2N. This dual approach is further complemented by an iterative discrimination mechanism that evaluates unselected tracklets to identify potential associations that may exist. The algorithm effectiveness of the proposed is validated using field experiment data from HFSWR in the Bohai Sea region, demonstrating its capability to accurately process complex tracklet data.
Identifying Novel Emotions and Wellbeing of Horses from Videos Through Unsupervised Learning
Authors: Bhave Aarya , Kieson Emily , Hafner Alina , Gloor Peter A.
Published: January 2025

This research applies unsupervised learning on a large original dataset of horses in the wild to identify previously unidentified horse emotions. We construct a novel, high-quality, diverse dataset of 3929 images consisting of five wild horse breeds worldwide at different geographical locations. We base our analysis on the seven Panksepp emotions of mammals “Exploring”, “Sadness”, “Playing”, “Rage”, “Fear”, “Affectionate” and “Lust”, along with one additional emotion “Pain” which has been shown to be highly relevant for horses. We apply the contrastive learning framework MoCo (Momentum Contrast for Unsupervised Visual Representation Learning) on our dataset to predict the seven Panksepp emotions and “Pain” using unsupervised learning. We significantly modify the MoCo framework, building a custom downstream classifier network that connects with a frozen CNN encoder that is pretrained using MoCo. Our method allows the encoder network to learn similarities and differences within image groups on its own without labels. The clusters thus formed are indicative of deeper nuances and complexities within a horse’s mood, which can possibly hint towards the existence of novel and complex equine emotions.
Developing an Inclusive, Student-Led Approach to Scaling Up the Benefits of Pedagogical Partnership for Social Justice in Higher Education
Authors: Cook-Sather Alison , Suresh Abhirami , Nguyen Edmund Dante
Published: January 2025

(1) Background: Uneven access to the experience of extra-classroom, student–faculty pedagogical partnerships, as well as the relatively small number of students who can participate in this work, raise equity concerns. Calls to scale up such partnership opportunities often focus on expanding the number and kind of existing partnership projects in a given context, which requires resources and infrastructure that many institutions do not have. (2) Method: We took a students-as-co-researchers approach to a three-phase action-research project to test our hypothesis that (a) assessing the benefits of pedagogical partnership, (b) conceptualizing a new approach to fostering those benefits, and (c) piloting that approach could inform efforts at our own and other institutions to pursue social-justice goals in higher education. (3) Findings: Both our review of the wider literature and our analysis of our own partnership program’s student and faculty participant perspectives affirmed that participating in extra-classroom, student–faculty pedagogical partnerships fosters in students personal learning-related capacities, deepens understanding of other learners and of teachers, and builds career-ready competencies. The new scaling-up approach to fostering these benefits that we conceptualized and have begun to pilot has the potential to be more inclusive, equitable, and feasible than replicating existing extra-classroom pedagogical partnership models. (4) Conclusions: Creating such opportunities for students to develop educational, interpersonal, and professional capacities and competencies can contribute to equity and social justice in higher education.
Opening Our Innovation Ecosystems to All: The INTEGER Project Case Study
Authors: Canseco-Lopez Fatima , Serra Artur , Martorell Camps Marta
Published: January 2025

Quadruple Helix open innovation ecosystems are gaining relevance as they incorporate different actors with different perspectives, contributing significantly to the development of social innovation communities that are more responsive to today’s social and environmental challenges. The Horizon Europe INTEGER project aims to better understand how social and economic innovation actors can be effectively integrated into European innovation ecosystems to address critical sustainability challenges. An exploratory and qualitative study was conducted, using three different focus groups (partners, stakeholders, and driving group) and analysing the intra- and inter-regional health and wellbeing ecosystems of three European regions (Krakow, Hamburg, and Catalonia). The results propose a systemic model based on a new generation of Living Labs, called Collaboratories, that involves the actors of social and economic innovation and facilitates a holistic understanding of the interconnected dimensions of the ecosystem, where all the dimensions interact to drive sustainable impact. In addition, this study highlights the key role of the facilitator who guides the group process from the beginning to the achievement of the objective, as well as the adaptation when it comes to scaling and replication, as each ecosystem has a particular level of maturity.
Molten-Salt-Assisted Preparation of g-C3N4 for Photocatalytic Degradation of Tetracycline Hydrochloride: Degradation Mechanism, Pathway, and Toxicity Assessment
Authors: Jiao Yujie , Mao Yaqi , Liu Qikai , Ma Yongxia , Fu Fei , Jian Shenglong , Liu Yang , Lu Sujin
Published: January 2025

The sustainability of aquaculture tailwater plays a key role in the aquaculture industry. Photocatalytic degradation of recalcitrant antibiotics in aquaculture tailwater has emerged as a significant research focus, with gCN-based photocatalysis offering a promising approach. To address the issue of inefficient degradation associated with gCN, melamine was modified using NaCl solution, resulting in the synthesis of NaMe-x with distinctive microstructure through molten salt assistance. The ability of NaMe-x to degrade tetracycline hydrochloride (TC-HCl) was examined, including an analysis of its degradation pathway, intermediate products, mechanism, and toxicity of the by-products. The results demonstrated that NaCl-based precursor modification markedly enhanced the degradation capacity of gCN for TC-HCl, achieving a maximum degradation rate of 0.02214 min−1, which is 2.1 times higher than that of unmodified gCN. LC-MS analysis revealed intermediates at various degradation stages, and two potential pathways for TC-HCl degradation in the presence of NaMe-1 were identified. In this process, ·O2− and ·OH are the reactive radicals that play a dominant role, and their degradation mechanism is thus proposed. It was confirmed by toxicity experiments that the products after the degradation of TC-HCl by NaMe-1 were not significantly toxic to Chlorella vulgaris (p ˃ 0.05). However, it had a significant effect on Vibrio fischeri (p < 0.01). These findings suggest that the synthesis of NaMe-x via melamine precursor modification substantially improves the degradation performance of gCN and enhances the sustainability of aquaculture tailwater.
How Does China’s Digital Economy Affect Green Total Factor Energy Efficiency in the Context of Sustainable Development?
Authors: Zhou Yingying , Sun Wanxuan , Meng Panpan , Miao Yu , Wen Xin
Published: January 2025

In the context of sustainable development, breaking free from resource endowment constraints and promoting energy transformation are long-term goals of concern. The digital economy empowers the development of the energy industry and provides a feasible path for improving energy efficiency. This article selects interprovincial panel data from China to analyze the direct and indirect impacts of China’s digital economy on green total factor energy efficiency (GTFEE), as well as spatial spillover effects. Based on the calculation of green total factor energy efficiency, static and dynamic panel models are used to analyze the direct impact of the digital economy on green total factor energy efficiency through index decomposition and threshold models, as well as the indirect impact of digital economy technology effects on it. The research results indicate that the direct impact of the digital economy on GTFEE exhibits a positive U-shaped effect. Indirect impact analysis shows that technological innovation has a significant dual threshold effect on the variables of green total factor energy technology efficiency index and green total factor energy technology progress index. Further analysis using the spatial Durbin model shows that the digital economy has nonlinear spatial spillover effects on GTFEE, with regional heterogeneity and resource endowment differences. Studying the impact of digital economy development on green all-factor energy efficiency is of great practical significance in order to propose suggestions for promoting green and sustainable development.
Revolutionizing Pediatric Surgery: The Transformative Role of Regional Anesthesia—A Narrative Review
Authors: Reysner Tomasz , Wieczorowska-Tobis Katarzyna , Mularski Aleksander , Kowalski Grzegorz , Daroszewski Przemyslaw , Reysner Malgorzata
Published: January 2025

Regional anesthesia has gained increasing attention in pediatric surgery as a valuable tool for managing perioperative pain and improving surgical outcomes. This narrative review highlights the numerous advantages of regional anesthesia in pediatric populations, including superior pain control, reduced reliance on systemic opioids, fewer anesthetic-related complications, and enhanced recovery profiles. Using ultrasound-guided techniques has further expanded the safety and precision of regional blocks in children. Regional anesthesia also addresses critical concerns about the potential neurotoxicity of general anesthetics in developing brains, offering a safer alternative or complement for specific procedures. Reducing systemic anesthetic and opioid exposure minimizes the risk of adverse effects such as respiratory depression, nausea, and sedation, which are particularly significant in medically fragile or younger patients. Furthermore, regional techniques contribute to faster recovery times, better preservation of neurophysiological monitoring signals during surgery, and attenuation of the stress response. The integration of adjuvants like clonidine, dexmedetomidine, and dexamethasone further enhances the efficacy and duration of regional blocks while improving safety profiles. Despite these benefits, implementing regional anesthesia in pediatric populations requires specialized expertise and an understanding of children’s unique anatomical and physiological differences. This review underscores the growing role of regional anesthesia in modern pediatric perioperative care. It highlights its potential to optimize outcomes, reduce complications, and address emerging concerns about the safety of general anesthesia in children undergoing surgery.
Chaos Regulation via Complex Nonlinear Feedback and Its Implementation Based on FPAA
Authors: Xu Jitong , Li Chunbiao , Cen Xiaoliang , Zhang Xin , Chai Lin
Published: January 2025

Complex nonlinear feedback is a key factor in the generation of chaos. In many cases, complex nonlinear functions have a higher probability for chaos producing, and correspondingly new bifurcations may be triggered in the dynamical system. Due to the difficulty in circuit implementation of complex nonlinear feedback, researchers often introduce simple nonlinear constraints to study the occurrence and evolution of chaos. In fact, the impact of complex nonlinear feedback on chaotic dynamics deserves further investigation. In this work, complex nonlinear feedback is introduced into an offset-boostable chaotic system as an example to observe and analyze its regulatory effect on the dynamics. Complex nonlinear feedback may destroy the property of symmetry of a system; therefore, we examine the evolution of chaotic attractors under the corresponding feedback and the functional transformation between bifurcation and non-bifurcation parameters as well. By fully utilizing the flexible configuration advantages of Field Programmable Analog Array (FPAA), arbitrary complex nonlinear functions are implemented to verify the chaotic dynamics.
A Generalized Framework for Adversarial Attack Detection and Prevention Using Grad-CAM and Clustering Techniques
Authors: Sim Jeong-Hyun , Song Hyun-Min
Published: January 2025

Through advances in AI-based computer vision technology, the performance of modern image classification models has surpassed human perception, making them valuable in various fields. However, adversarial attacks, which involve small changes to images that are hard for humans to perceive, can cause classification models to misclassify images. Considering the availability of classification models that use neural networks, it is crucial to prevent adversarial attacks. Recent detection methods are only effective for specific attacks or cannot be applied to various models. Therefore, in this paper, we proposed an attention mechanism-based method for detecting adversarial attacks. We utilized a framework using an ensemble model, Grad-CAM and calculated the silhouette coefficient for detection. We applied this method to Resnet18, Mobilenetv2, and VGG16 classification models that were fine-tuned on the CIFAR-10 dataset. The average performance demonstrated that Mobilenetv2 achieved an F1-Score of 0.9022 and an accuracy of 0.9103, Resnet18 achieved an F1-Score of 0.9124 and an accuracy of 0.9302, and VGG16 achieved an F1-Score of 0.9185 and an accuracy of 0.9252. The results demonstrated that our method not only detects but also prevents adversarial attacks by mitigating their effects and effectively restoring labels.
The Role of Surface {010} Facets in Improving the NOx Depolluting Activity of TiO2 and Its Application on Building Materials
Authors: Luna Manuel , Cruces Jose L. , Gatica José M. , Cruceira Alvaro , Cifredo Gustavo A. , Vidal Hilario , Mosquera María J.
Published: January 2025

Air pollution, a major health concern, necessitates innovative solutions such as TiO2-based photocatalytic building materials to combat its harmful effects. This study focuses on developing high-performance TiO2 photocatalysts for NOx removal in building applications, aiming to overcome the limitations of commercial TiO2. These photocatalysts were synthesized via a hydrothermal method, with parameters such as synthesis time and post-treatment investigated to optimize their properties. Hydrothermal synthesis yielded TiO2 nanoparticles with reduced aggregation and a high proportion of elongated particles with exposed {010} facets. This resulted in significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity compared to commercial P25 in methylene blue degradation and NOx depollution. Subsequently, the optimized hydrothermal TiO2 was successfully integrated into a silica sol–gel coating for application on building materials. The coated concrete demonstrated significantly higher NOx removal efficiency and lower NO2 release, achieving a 1.7-fold improvement in overall NOx removal and significantly higher depolluting effectiveness compared to its P25 counterpart. These findings highlight the potential of hydrothermally synthesized TiO2 with controlled morphology for the development of high-performance, environmentally friendly building materials with enhanced air purification capabilities.
Identifying the Determinants of Water Rights Price: The Chilean Case
Authors: Araos Ana , Roco Lisandro
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the water rights markets across various regions of Chile, encompassing a wide range of geographic and climatic conditions. Utilizing 10,345 transaction records from 1990 to 2014 provided by the national authority for the regulation of utilities, this dataset covers data from 12 of the 15 regions of Chile at the time and 26 basins across the country. The comprehensive nature of this study, which has not been previously achieved with such a reliable and extensive dataset, aims to analyze price determinants in these markets. This novel approach allows us to understand the global performance of water markets. Key considerations include climatic variables such as annual precipitation and maximum temperatures, regional GDP per capita, and factors like mining industrialization level, transaction size, rurality index, and the existence of scarcity decrees. Employing a hedonic model, particularly a quantile model with robust errors, the research assesses the impact of these variables on observed prices. The findings reveal market heterogeneity with variables such as precipitation, geopolitical, and demographic characteristics, industrialization, and transaction volume significantly influence water rights prices. Interestingly, water scarcity decrees, intended to minimize drought damages, paradoxically resulted in lower water right prices. The study also highlights a predominant corporate presence and sector-specific purchasing geographic patterns, particularly in the agricultural and mining sectors. These insights are critical for ecosystem services valuation and for informing sustainable water resource management in the face of climate change and natural resource governance challenges.
The Ever-Expanding Nature Of Mandatory Mediation In Türkiye”,
Authors: Göksu Mustafa
Published: January 2025

As it is the case with almost every modern legal system, mediation performs an important role in civil dispute resolution in Türkiye. Even though mediation in the modern sense was introduced in Turkish law a little more than a decade ago, its development and adoption was swift. Probably the main factor behind this quick adoption in legal circles is the push by the Government and the Legislator; particularly through implementing a form of mandatory mediation in 2017. While there are two main approaches to the implementation of proper mandatory mediation, Turkish Legislator preferred the procedural requirement option. After the first implementation regarding labor disputes, there were three more major expansions to the extent of mediation as procedural requirement; including commercial disputes, consumer disputes and various disputes within the jurisdiction of civil courts of peace. Since the expansion trend is still ongoing, in this study, the effectiveness of mandatory mediation, as well as probable future developments regarding the subject are examined and discussed.
Propaedeutics of the Classification Method in Philosophy of Religion and Religious Studies
Authors:   Pushkin Leningrad State University, Krintsius K.K.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The article is devoted to the consideration of the classification method in the specifics of its application to the science of religion subject area. The basic prerequisites of the upcoming propaedeutic research are formulated and justified, its structure is determined, and scientific positions alternative to the proposed prerequisites are also presented and analyzed. Content. The study identifies the methodological foundations of the classification procedure, performs a logical analysis of the differences between the operations of classification and typologization, formulates definitions of the concepts of extraction, logical division, typology, classification, cataloging, and identifies and describes various types of classification procedures. The mutual position of the philosophy of religion and religious studies is determined in connection with the differences in their target and methodological specifics, the nature of their possible coordination in relation to the classification and typological task is established and justified. As a result, it opens up the possibility of building a model of optimal methodological coordination of the philosophy of religion and religious studies on the principle of their complementarity when separating the confessional multitude from a single concept of religion.

Conclusions. As a final result, a model of methodological consensus of the philosophy of religion and religious studies is formed, which is a priority for the classification and typological ordering of the science of religion subject area, and also indicates the prospect of further research, consisting in the meaningful implementation of the developed model.
L’importance du détail dans la peinture écossaise de 1750 à 1850 : les cas de Raeburn et de Wilkie
Authors: Amblard Marion
Published: January 2025

L’école écossaise de peinture s’est formée au début du xixe siècle, mais déjà durant la seconde moitié du xviiie siècle un art du portrait propre à l’Écosse s’était développé. Les premières toiles des portraitistes se caractérisaient par un traitement minutieux des détails. Ce souci de réalisme mimétique a valu à la peinture écossaise d’être comparée à la peinture hollandaise ainsi que le surnom de « l’école des moindres détails ».Cet article a pour objectif d’étudier l’évolution du traitement du détail dans la peinture écossaise entre 1750 et 1850 à travers l’œuvre de Sir David Wilkie et Sir Henry Raeburn, qui furent deux des principaux représentants de l’école écossaise du xixe siècle. Si pour Wilkie et Raeburn le détail permettait, selon l’expression de Barthes, de renforcer « l’effet de réel », ils ne l’ont pas traité de la même façon, le premier peignant des tableaux au réalisme mimétique et le second adoptant une approche faisant écho aux théories du penseur Thomas Reid.
Sifat fisikokimia dan formulasi tepung biji durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.), tepung biji pepaya (Carica papaya), dan aplikasinya dalam crispy cheese cookies
Authors: Sutanto Tiffany Arista , Dealyn Devondra Christabella Glenys , Sukweenadhi Johan , Purwanto Maria Goretti M.
Published: January 2025

Wheat flour is usually used in food products. Wheat flour consumption and import costs in Indonesia are quite high. The idea of using fruit by-products to substitute wheat flour has the potential to reduce health and environmental problems. Because many fruit by-products contain beneficial nutrients and bioactive compounds, it might also become a solution for those with celiac disease because they are gluten-free. Both durian seeds and papaya seeds are abundantly available in Indonesia as a tropical country, so both can be made into fruit by-product flour. This study aims to evaluate the physicochemical properties of durian seed flour and papaya seed flour, the best formulation of composite flour made from wheat flour, durian seed flour, and papaya seed flour to make crispy cheese cookies, and the organoleptic characteristics of the cookies made from the composite flours. Randomized Group Design was applied with the following parameters: Yield, color, bulk density, water activity, proximate, crude fiber, dietary fiber, starch, shelf life, and organoleptic characteristics. The study showed that based on the physicochemical properties and highest organoleptic score, the best flour composition for crispy cheese cookies is F3 (50% wheat flour: 40% durian seed flour : 10% papaya seed flour). Durian seed flour and papaya seed flour are proven potential to be formulated and used to make crispy cheese cookies.
Subtitusi tepung terigu dengan tepung mocaf terhadap karakteristik kimia dan sensoris stik kopi robusta (Coffea canephora)
Authors: Utami Cahyaning Rini , Pratama Indah Yuly Putri
Published: January 2025

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Pengaruh lama fermentasi dan penambahan asam asetat terhadap karakteristik nata de soya dari limbah tahu
Authors: Nasor Mukhammad , Palupi Hapsari Titi
Published: January 2025

Liquid waste from tofu processing still contains nutritional components that can be utilized as nata de soya products using Acetobacter xylinum bacteria through simple fermentation. The processing of nata de soya is influenced by environmental conditions and the fermentation period. This study aimed to determine the effect of the fermentation period and the addition of acetic acid on the quality of nata de soya. The method used in this study was a randomized block design consisting of 2 factors, namely fermentation period (10 days; 13 days; 16 days) and acetic acid concentration (2%; 2.5%; 3%). The parameters observed included moisture content, ash content, protein content, pH, yield, thickness, and hardness. The results showed that the treatment of the fermentation period had a significant effect on moisture content, ash content, protein, pH, thickness, yield, and hardness, while the concentration of acetic acid had a significant effect on water content, ash content, pH, yield, and thickness. The treatment of fermentation period for 16 days and acetic acid concentration of 2% is the best treatment with characteristic values, namely moisture content of 88.93%, ash content of 94.77%, protein content of 2.99%, pH 3.97, yield of 18.88%, thickness of 19.90 mm, and hardness of 84.87 g/cm2.
Aktivitas Antioksidan Produk Nutrasetikal Powder Drink dari Sari Kulit Bawang Merah Brebes (Allium cepa L. var. aggregatum)
Authors: Febriani Alik Kandhita , Purwanti Yunika , Balfas Rifqi Ferry
Published: January 2025

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Peningkatan Efisiensi dan Penjualan Toko Fashion Outlet Rantauprapat di Jalan Sisingamangaraja Melalui Implementasi E-Commerce PrestaShop
Authors: Nasution Intan Baiduri , Harahap Syaiful Zuhri , Juledi Angga Putra
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of implementing the PrestaShop e-commerce platform on the efficiency and sales of Fashion Outlet Rantauprapat on Sisingamangaraja. Using a case study approach using quantitative and qualitative data, this study analyzes purchase data before to and after PrestaShop implementation, as well as conducts research with store owners. The results of the study show that PrestaShop significantly improves operational efficiency, reduces market volatility, and increases sales. However, challenges such as a lack of technical knowledge and skills must be addressed. This study found that PrestaShop has a large potential to become an effective tool for Fashion Outlet Rantauprapat in terms of increasing sales in the digital era.
Tsunamis météorologiques
Authors: Novella Jorge
Published: January 2025

Les oscillations du niveau de la mer d'origine météorologique dans la gamme de fréquence des tsunamis (10–4 à 10–2 Hz) ont fait l'objet d'un nombre croissant d'études au cours des dernières décennies. Pour désigner ce phénomène, on utilise le terme de « tsunami météorologique » ou de « météo-tsunami » depuis le début de ce siècle. Lorsqu'il survient, il peut provoquer de forts courants occasionnant des difficultés pour la navigation ainsi que mettre en danger les personnes et les biens. De nombreuses études ont démontré qu'il est le résultat d'une succession de plusieurs mécanismes météorologiques et hydrologiques. Suivant le lieu et la saison, différents types de mécanismes météorologiques peuvent intervenir. Dans certains cas, des modèles de prévision et des systèmes d'alerte ont été mis en oeuvre.

Sea level oscillations of meteorological origin in the frequency range of tsunamis (10–4 to 10–2 Hz) have been the subject of increasing number of studies in recent decades. to designate this phenomenon, the terms ‘meteorological tsunami’ and ‘meteotsunami’ have been used since the beginning of this century. When it occurs, it can cause strong currents, making navigation difficult and endangering people and property. Numerous studies have shown that it is the result of a succession of several meteorological and hydrological mechanisms. Depending on the location and season, different types of meteorological mechanisms can come into play. In some cases, forecasting models and alert systems have been implemented.
Análisis de una Planta Piloto Geotérmica con Ciclo Binario de Media Entalpia, Ubinas, Moquegua.
Authors: Mendoza Daniels , Nina Isai
Published: January 2025

En un escenario social de déficit energético, se plantea la necesidad de proponer alternativas de generación de energía limpia, sostenible y amigable con el ambiente. En ese marco, el estudio se planteó el efectuar el análisis de una central geotérmica de 10MW de potencia usando un Ciclo Binario de Media Entalpia, en Ubinas, Moquegua. Se utilizaron tres fluidos: n-pentano, isopentano e isobutano. Corresponde a una investigación aplicada, de tipo no experimental. En el proceso de recolección de datos, se recogieron valores sobre presión, temperatura, y tasa de conversión de calor; así como estimaciones del diseño propuesto considerando potencias calculada y observada. Se encontró que no fue posible alcanzar una potencia de 10 MW, aunque sí es posible dimensionar centrales geotérmicas con los tres fluidos considerados, de menor potencia, pero con diferencias entre estos en favor del isobutano, que alcanzó valores de 8,566 MW como potencia calculada, y 7,281 MW como potencia real. En conclusión, con ninguno de los fluidos se pudo alcanzar la potencia requerida de 10 MW, aunque se alcanzaron potencias menores, útiles para necesidades parciales de la población aledaña.
IoT and AI-Based Predictive Maintenance System Design for Express Auto Repair Shops
Authors: Heredia Johnny , Ayala Edy
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this paper is to present a modular system that acquires data from various machines used in an express mechanical workshop. These data are classified and processed using artificial intelligence and IoT (internet of things), enabling the creation of predictive maintenance plans and operational schemes. This approach helps reduce operational costs, maintenance expenses, and energy consumption throughout the process
Implementasi Learning Object “Subset Modul Ajar Digital” di SMA Muhammadiyah Sukabumi
Authors: Mulyanti Yanti , Rahmat Dadan , Sulaiman Rizki Zahran
Published: January 2025

Sukabumi Muhammadiyah High School is a school driving force 2. In the 2022/2023 class X year of study at the school has implemented the curriculum independent. The service team implements learning objects in high school Muhammadiyah Sukabumi is in accordance with the plan, namely starting with socialization activities, Mover School Program description, digital teaching module, learning objects as part of the module digital teaching, learning software, mentoring and monitoring implementation of Learning objects in the classroom. From this activity, the results were obtained by the teachers compiling learning objects as part of the teaching modules created by teachers for can be used in learning both offline and online modes. Suite These learning objects are combined and matched into a digital teaching module that can used by teachers, both in the same or different subjects; There is Learning objects arranged by the teacher; there are learning videos in class.
Procalcitonin Outperforms NLR as a Sepsis Predictor in Pneumonia Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study from a Tertiary Hospital in Padang, Indonesia
Authors: Dina Fitri Fauziah  , Aidillah Mayuda  , Wici Septiyeni  , Siska Armeinesya  , Firmaweni  , Atikah Dafri
Published: January 2025

Background: Pneumonia remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with sepsis being a severe complication. Early identification of sepsis is crucial for prompt treatment and improved outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of procalcitonin (PCT) and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as predictors of sepsis in pneumonia patients at a tertiary hospital in Padang, Indonesia.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 110 adult pneumonia patients admitted to Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital Padang between 2022 and 2023. Data on demographics, clinical characteristics, NLR, and PCT levels were collected from electronic medical records. Sepsis was defined according to established clinical criteria. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of NLR and PCT in predicting sepsis.
Results: The study population had a mean age of 57.72 ± 14.41 years, with 56.4% being male. Of the 110 patients, 73.6% had community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and 26.4% had hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP). Sepsis was present in 55.5% of the patients. The median NLR and PCT levels were significantly higher in the sepsis group compared to the non-sepsis group (NLR: 14 vs. 6.6, p=0.002; PCT: 2.17 vs. 0.24, p=0.000). ROC analysis showed that PCT had a higher area under the curve (AUC) compared to NLR (0.724 vs. 0.676), indicating better diagnostic accuracy. The optimal cut-off point for PCT was 0.455, with a sensitivity of 65.6% and specificity of 65.3%. For NLR, the cut-off point was 10.375, with a sensitivity of 63.9% and specificity of 63.3%.
Conclusion: PCT demonstrated superior diagnostic accuracy compared to NLR in predicting sepsis among pneumonia patients in this study. However, NLR remains a valuable tool, especially in resource-limited settings where PCT testing may not be readily available.
Peran Badan Permusyawaratan Desa Dalam Penyusunan Dan Penetapan Peraturan Desa (Studi Desa Bambulung Kecamatan Pematang Karau Kabupaten Barito Timur)
Authors: Rollandi Armando , M. Doddy Syahirul Alam  , Putra H. Maharidiawan
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui Peran Badan Permusyawaratan Desa dalam Penyusunan dan Penetepan Peraturan Desa di Desa Bambulung. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Bambulung Kecamatan Pematang Karau Kabupaten Barito Timur, yang mana dalam penelitian ini menggunakan landasan teori yang relevan dan berkaitan dengan masalah yang diteliti. Untuk menganalisis permasalahan yang diteliti, maka peneliti menggunakan indikator peran yaitu: peran sebagai regulator, peran sebagai fasilitator, dan peran sebagai motivator. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Dimana dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dengan teknik observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Adapun informan atau narasumber penelitian ini adalah Kepala Desa Bambulung, Sekretaris Desa Bambulung, Ketua BPD, Wakil Ketua BPD, dan masyarakat Desa Bambulung. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan di Desa Bambulung yaitu Peran Badan Permusyawaratan Desa dalam Penyusunan dan Penetapan Peraturan desa sudah berjalan dengan baik dimana BPD Desa Bambulung dapat bekerja sama dengan Pemerintah Desa dan mampu menjalankan tugas dan fungsi untuk mengatasi setiap permasalahan yang ada khususnya permasalahan dalam penyusunan dan penetapan peraturan desa di Desa Bambulung. Namun masih terdapat kekurangan atau hambatan yaitu dari segi sarana dan prasarana untuk menjalankan tugas dan fungsi BPD Desa Bambulung, penyebabnya yaitu karena keterbatasan anggaran untuk pengadaan sarana sehingga hal itu menjadi salah satu hambatan dalam proses penyusunan dan penetapan peraturan desa.
Non-Adherence to Physician’s Recommendations and Associated Risk Factors in Patients Aged 60 Years and Older
Authors: Larina V. N. , Fedorova E. V. , Lunev V. I. , Sheregova E. N. , Kladovikova O. V.
Published: January 2025

AIM. This study aimed to evaluate risk factors of low medication adherence in outpatients aged 60 and over.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. A total of 224 participants aged 60 years and over were included in the study. The mean age was 71.2±6.6 years, with 129 (57,6%) being female. General clinical examination, probable frailty screening using the «Age is Not a Hindrance» questionnaire were performed. Medication adherence was assessed using the four-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale.

RESULTS. Adherent and non-adherent patients were comparable in terms of age (p = 0,598), gender (p = 0,563), intake of drug groups, adherence to healthy lifestyle principles, concomitant diseases, with the exception of diabetes mellitus, which was more common (p = 0,037) among non-adherent patients. A negative correlation was established between adherence to treatment and probable frailty (r = −0,24, p < 0,001), diabetes mellitus (= −0,14, p = 0,032). Non-adherence to the treatment regimen was associated with probable frailty (OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.12–0.56; p < 0.001), and the absence of the frailty and diabetes mellitus was associated with high adherence to treatment (OR 4,58, 95% CI 1,24–16,87, p = 0.022).

CONCLUSION. Medication non-adherence was found in 38,8% outpatients aged 60 and over. Multimorbid older patients with probable frailty and diabetes mellitus have a high risk of non-adherence to treatment.
Dezenformasyonun Dijitalleşmesi: Hasbara Çerçevesinde İsrail’in Washing Stratejisi
Authors: Böyük Mustafa , Kalaman Sefer
Published: January 2025

Araştırmada, İsrail’in Filistin’e yönelik saldırıları ekseninde İsrail kaynaklı üretilen içeriklerle Filistin’e karşı nasıl ve hangi tür dezenformasyon üretildiğini ortaya çıkarmak amaçlanmıştır. İsrail’in dezenformasyon içeren haberleri paylaşarak kendisini aklamak ve gerçeği manipüle etmek için kullandığı Hasbara stratejisi çerçevesinde hangi washing stratejilerini kullandığını tespit etmek çalışmanın bir diğer amacını oluşturmaktadır. Nitel araştırma yönteminin kullanıldığı araştırma, durum çalışması desenine göre tasarlanmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri, T.C. Cumhurbaşkanlığı İletişim Başkanlığı’nın İsrail’in Filistin’e karşı işgalci saldırıları sürecinde yürütülen ulusal ve uluslararası dezenformasyon kampanyalarına karşı hazırlanan Filistin özel dezenformasyon raporundan elde edilmiştir. Raporda yer alan 160 haberden, İsrail’in Filistin’e karşı ürettiği dezenformasyon içeren 155 haber araştırmaya dahil edilmiştir. Araştırma verileri, içerik analizi tekniği ile incelenmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre, İsrail’in Filistinlilere karşı ürettiği ve dolaşıma soktuğu dezenformasyon içeren haberlerde en fazla uydurma, manipülasyon ve hatalı ilişkilendirme türünde haberler yapılmıştır. Bununla birlikte, İsrail tarafından yapılan dezenformasyon içerikli haberlerde en fazla whitewashing, bluewashing, carewashing ve crisiswashing stratejileri kullanılmıştır.