bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Korelasi tingkat nyeri haid dan upaya penanganannya pada siswi SMA
Authors: Pratiwi Dyah Anggraeni Budhi , Yuliani Widia , Sambodo Dwi Kurniawati , Efendi Yuli Nurullaili , Wardani Wahyu Tusy , Astuti Bariana Widitia
Published: January 2025

Dismenorea adalah salah satu masalah yang paling umum dialami oleh perempuan yaitu nyeri saat menstruasi. Menurut World Health Organization tahun 2018 angka dysmenorrhea di dunia sangat besar, rata-rata lebih dari 50% perempuan disetiap negara mengalami dysmenorrhea. Setiap negara presentase dysmenorrhea ini berbeda-beda, di Swedia sekitar 72%, di Amerika Serikat diperkirakan 90% wanita mengalami dysmenorrhea dan 10-15% diantaranya mengalami dysmenorrhea berat, yang menyebabkan mereka tidak mampu melakukan kegiatan apapun. Di Indonesia angka kejadian dismenore sebesar 64,25%. Penanganan nyeri haid dapat dilakukan dengan dua cara, yaitu dengan terapi farmakologis dan terapi non-farmakologis Metode penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif analitik. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswi SMA Muhammadiyah 7 Yogyakarta dari kelas X-XII. Dalam pemilihan sampel, peneliti menggunkan teknik Sampling Purposive. Penetapan sampel pada penelitian ini diambil dengan menggunakan rumus Solvin dan didapatkan hasil 55 siswi. Intrumen dalam penelitian ini adalah kuisioner. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian sebagian besar siswi mengalami skala nyeri haid 2-3 (sedikit sakit) yaitu sebanyak 14 orang (25,45%) siswi. Upaya yang dilakukan siswa SMA 7 Muhammadiyah didapatkan paling banyak mereka mengoleskan balsam atau lotion hangat diperut sebanyak 27 (49,09%) dan melakukan posisi knee chest untuk mengurangi rasa sakit akibat nyeri haid. Secara farmakologi obat yang digunakan adalah parasetamol dan asem mefenamat. Berdasarkan hasil uji chi-square hubungan antara tingkat nyeri haid dengan upaya penanganan nyeri haid menunjukkan tidak adanya hubungan antara tingkat nyeri haid dengan upaya penanganan nyeri haid.
Dinamika interaksi stakeholder dalam pengelolaan Wisata Alam Maima Kabupaten Sigi
Authors: Maiwa Arman , Rahman Abdul , Golar Golar , Baharuddin Rhamdhani Fitrah , Hulu Amati Eltriman
Published: January 2025

Kabupaten Sigi, Sulawesi Tengah, memiliki potensi wisata alam yang strategis di Desa Lawua, terutama objek wisata Alam maima. Pengelolaan destinasi ini melibatkan berbagai pemangku kepentingan, termasuk Pemerintah Desa, BUMDES Lawua, POKDARWIS, dan BBTNLL. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis strategi kolaborasi pengelolaan Wisata Alam maima. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 4Rs untuk melihat peran stakeholder, analisis pengaruh dan kepentingan untuk melihat tingkat pengaruh dan kepentingan stakeholder dan deskriptif kuantitaif untuk menggambarkan dinamika yang terjadi dalam pengelolaan wisata alam maima. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa terdapat 13 (tiga belas) stakeholder yang mempunyai tingkat pengaruh maupun kepentingan yang berbeda dalam pengelolaan wisata alam maima, 4 (empat) stakeholder diantaranya masuk kedalam stakeholder kunci antara lain pemerintah desa, BUMDES Lawua, POKDARWIS dan Juga BBTNNL. terdapat beberapa kendala dalam pengelolaan objek wisata ini misalnya kendala akses jalan, infrastruktur dan juga masalah lingkungan. Kendala ini dapat diselesaikan dengan beberapa kegiatan bersama seperti melakukan pengelolaan lingkungan bersama berdasarkan pembagian peran. Pengembangan infrastruktur dan aksesibilitas serta membangun kemitraan pengembangan kemitraan dalam bentuk pengembangan fasilitas dab pelayanan objek wisata maima.
Clusters of Onset Symptoms in Multiple Sclerosis: Characteristics, Comorbidities, and Risk Factors
Authors: Satpathy Anurag , Nayak Bapu
Published: January 2025

Background: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, immune-mediated disease of the central nervous system, characterized by diverse and often debilitating symptoms that manifest in various clusters at disease onset. Understanding these symptom clusters, along with their associated comorbidities and risk factors, is critical for developing targeted interventions that can improve patient outcomes and slow disease progression.
Aim: This study aimed to identify and analyze clusters of onset symptoms in MS patients, exploring their associated characteristics, comorbidities, and risk factors, to inform more personalized treatment approaches.
Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted involving 100 participants diagnosed with MS. Data were collected through patient interviews, medical record reviews, and standardized diagnostic tests. Symptom clusters were identified using cluster analysis, and associations with comorbidities and risk factors were explored using chi-square tests and logistic regression analyses. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 23.0.
Results: Three distinct symptom clusters were identified: Sensory Symptoms (45%), Motor Symptoms (35%), and Visual and Cognitive Symptoms (20%). The Sensory Symptoms cluster had a significant female predominance and was mainly associated with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS). The Motor Symptoms cluster showed a higher prevalence of smoking and was more often linked to primary progressive MS (PPMS). The Visual and Cognitive Symptoms cluster had the highest prevalence of depression. Significant associations were found between symptom clusters and both comorbidities and risk factors.
Conclusion: The study revealed distinct clusters of onset symptoms in MS, each with unique demographic characteristics, comorbidities, and risk factors. These findings suggest the need for personalized treatment strategies tailored to the specific symptom profiles of MS patients.
Recommendations: Further research should explore the longitudinal impact of these symptom clusters on disease progression and treatment outcomes. Clinicians are encouraged to incorporate these findings into the development of individualized care plans for MS patients, focusing on early intervention strategies that address both physical and mental health needs.
Keywords: Multiple Sclerosis, Symptom Clusters, Comorbidities, Risk Factors, Personalized Treatment
Forecasting the Detection of Lyman-alpha Forest Weak Lensing from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument and Other Future Surveys
Authors: Shaw Patrick , Croft Rupert A. C. , Metcalf R. Benton
Published: January 2025

The apparent angular positions of quasars are deflected on the sky by the gravitational field sourced by foreground matter. This weak lensing effect is measurable through the distortions it introduces in the lensed quasar spectra. Discrepancies in the statistics of the Lyman- α forest spectral absorption features can be used to reconstruct the foreground lensing potential. We extend the study of this method of Lyman- α forest weak gravitational lensing to lower angular forest spectrum source densities than previous work. We evaluate the performance of the Lyman- α lensing estimator of Metcalf et al. (2020) on mock data based on the angular forest source density ( 50 per square degree) and volume (about 700,000 spectra total) of the DESI survey. We simulate the foreground galaxy distribution and lensing potentials with redshift evolution approximated by N-body simulation and simulate Gaussian-random Lyman- α forests to produce mock data for the entire DESI footprint. By correlating the foreground galaxy distribution with the potential reconstructed by the estimator, we find that a weak lensing detection with signal to noise of ∼4 will be possible with the full DESI data. We show that spectral surveys with low density and high volume are promising candidates for forest weak lensing in addition to the high resolution data that have been considered in previous work. We present forecasts for future spectral surveys and show that with larger datasets a detection with signal to noise >10 will be possible.
Efficacy and safety of currently approved and lower starting doses of inotuzumab ozogamicin in adult patients with relapsed or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a phase IV study
Authors: Özcan Muhit , Cassaday Ryan D , Zarzycka Ewa , Vandendries Erik , Zhang Fan , Chen Ying , Nieto Alejandra , Demirkan Fatih , Montesinos Pau , Altuntas Fevzi
Published: January 2025

Inotuzumab ozogamicin (InO) is approved for treatment of relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (R/R ALL). Previous studies reported higher rates of post– hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) in patients receiving InO versus chemotherapy prior to HSCT. It is unknown if a lower InO dose would reduce risk of post-HSCT SOS or if it would impact efficacy. This study evaluated efficacy and safety of the currently approved InO starting dose and a lower dose in adults with R/R ALL who were eligible for HSCT and were identified as being at higher risk of post- HSCT SOS.
This open-label, phase 4 study (NCT03677596) had 2 phases: in the run-in phase patients received InO at 1.2 mg/m2/cycle (n=22); in the randomized phase patients received InO starting at dose levels of 1.8 mg/m2/cycle (n=38) or 1.2 mg/m2/cycle (n=42). Primary endpoints were rate of SOS and rate of hematologic remission.
Overall, SOS was reported in 10 patients (9.8%); all were post-HSCT SOS. In patients who proceeded to HSCT, post-HSCT SOS rates were 20%, 28.6%, 25.8%, and 16.7% in 1.2 mg/m2/cycle (run-in), 1.2 mg/m2/cycle (randomized), 1.2 mg/m2/cycle (run-in and randomized), and 1.8 mg/m2/cycle (randomized), respectively. The CR/CRi rates were 50.0%, 83.3%, 71.9%, and 68.4% in the respective subgroups.
The study found that a starting dose of 1.2mg/m2/cycle demonstrated consistent efficacy and safety to the recommended 1.8 mg/m2/cycle dose in adults with R/R ALL who were eligible for HSCT and had a higher risk of post-HSCT SOS.
Selection value of winter rapeseed varieties by yield structure elements
Authors: Shokh S. , Malik D.
Published: January 2025

Rapeseed has a significant potential for intraspecific genotypic variation in valuable economic traits. In recent years, significant changes and fluctuations in hydrothermal parameters over the years have significantly affected the manifestation of individual traits, and as a result, macro-traits, including yield. One of the tasks of breeding research in rapeseed is to select for productivity by combining simple quantitative traits - weight of 1000 seeds, number of seeds per pod, number of pods per plant, etc. Quantitative traits that determine the productivity and adaptability of rapeseed plants have not yet been sufficiently studied genetically, as the genetics of quantitative traits is currently practically disconnected from ontogenetics, environmental genetics and plant physiology. The negative critical factors include extreme environmental factors that affect plant development and growth, such as winter-frost periods, dry conditions during different critical growth periods, waterlogging during the period of crop formation and ripening. Evaluation of adaptability in plants of different rapeseed varieties allows to identify forms that show a wide range of responses to the components of macro-trait. An urgent task now is to study the breeding and genetic value and adaptability of the working collection of rapeseed varieties and to create new source material. In recent years, weather conditions in the Kyiv region have differed dramatically in several respects, which has had a sharp negative impact on plant productivity and generally reduced rapeseed yields. To study the response of genotypes to environmental conditions, they were evaluated for adaptability parameters. The study of the adaptive value of winter rape varietal populations was conducted in the experimental field of the Research Center of Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University.
Key words: rape, variety, plant height, stability parameters, breeding value, correlation coefficient.
Agelong trees of Nataliyivskyi park (Kharkiv region)
Authors: Hryhorenko A. , Klymenko Y.
Published: January 2025

The article provides information on the location and biometric parameters of 192 agelong trees growing in the landscape park «Nataliivskyi» (Kharkiv region). The results of continuous cencus on a 0.25 ha sample area in age-specific pine stand are presented. The plantations of agelong pines cover 17.8 hectares, or 51.5% of proved area. The average trunk diameter of Pinus sylvestris L. is 45.2 cm. The number of trees per hectare is 244 pcs. There were also 2 Ulmus laevis Pall. trees and one Pyrus communis L. tree and four bushes: Crataegus monogyna Jacq. There is no undergrowth or young growth on the plantation. No invasive species have been found. The most valuable trees in the park are the agelong Quercus robur L. Biometric indicators have been identified for most of the old oak trees. For the majority of agelong oaks species biometric indicators were determined. The trunk circumference of other agelong tree species was also measured to obtain the trunk diameter. The location of agelong trees was recorded on the park plan. The data from the park’s 1997 and 2018 studies were used during examination and analysis of results. It was found that the number of Picea abies and Picea pungens ‘Glauca’ plants in the park has been significantly decreased due to the drought and the attack of engraver beetle. A significant number of dead trees were found in the park, which indicates the need for sanitary felling to remove them. It was found that in general, the condition of the park’s ageold trees is satisfactory. However there are trees with hollows in their trunks and with dry branches. Quercus robur L. with the largest trunk diameter of 207 cm has a hollow. Once it was closed using an outdated method – cement mortar. This technology is not currently used to preserve ageold hollow trees. Modern technologies of caring for such trees ensure their long life. The individual care of agelong trees by arborists is an important issue. Unfortunately due to the lack of funding for the park’s maintenance it’s impossible to use modern technology and employ professional arborists. The emergence of self-seeding of indigenous and introduced species within the crown projection of agelong Quercus robur, as well as shading of their lower branches by these trees is another threat to old trees. It is necessary to remove young self-sowing plants within the crown projection. As a result of the study, it was established that there are 19 species and cultivars of agelong trees in Nataliivskyi Park. Some of them are represented by only 1-2 plants. Therefore, there is a threat that they may disappear from the plantations. In order to preserve the taxonomic composition of the park, it is necessary to plant some more trees of the exact species that were planted during park creation. Nataliivskyi Park is an important nature conservation institution. The data of conducted research can be used in the future to monitor the health of agelong trees.
Key words: an ancient park-monument of landscape art, species composition of ageold trees, trunk diameter, plantings.
Characterization and Antimicrobial Studies of Cobalt(II) Complexes with Some Antibacterial Agents
Authors: Sayeed Mohammed Abu , Sultan Md Zakir , Masud Mohammad Mehedi , Rashid Mohammad A
Published: January 2025

Metal complexes of antibiotics have shown promising antimicrobial activities against some resistant strain of bacteria by inhibiting the growth or killing the microorganisms. This phenomenon has lot of impact when the pathogenic microorganisms develop continuous resistance to the available antibiotics via various cellular defense mechanisms. Therefore, the search for alternative drug-molecules is of prime importance to combat antimicrobial resistance microorganisms. Antibiotic complexes with metal ions have attracted the attention of scientists looking for new drugs and to increase the activity of currently available antibiotics. The bioactivity of antibiotics can be improved by coordination of metal ions. To do so, cobalt(II) complexes of different antibiotics have been prepared from reaction of cobalt(II) nitrate with the antibiotics viz. amoxicillin, cefpodoxime proxetil (CFP), gatifloxacin, metronidazole, sulfamethoxazole, ketoconazole and levofloxacin. The synthesized compounds were characterized by TLC, solubility testing, melting point determination, UV-spectrophotometry and FTIR analysis. The compounds were screened for antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella abony, and it was found that the synthesized complexes exhibited potent antibacterial activity.
Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 28(1): 11-19, 2025 (January)
Exploration of Antidiarrheal, Analgesic and Anti-hyperglycemic Potentials of Glycosmis Pentaphylla (Retz.) DC
Authors: Haque Md Enamul , Rana Md Sohel , Kawser Md Hassan
Published: January 2025

Glycosmis pentaphylla (Retz.) DC., commonly known as "orangeberry" or "Ashsheora," is a medicinal plant from the Rutaceae family (Khare et al., 2007). It is widely used in traditional medicine for treating fever, respiratory disorders, skin diseases and inflammation. Phytochemical studies reveal that it contains alkaloids, flavonoids and coumarins with significant antimicrobial, antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities (Samy et al., 2008). The antidiarrheal, analgesic and anti-hyperglycemic properties of Glycosmis pentaphylla (Retz) DC were assessed in this investigation. Methanolic bark extracts of the plant were subjected to various in vivo assays to determine their pharmacological properties by using Swiss albino mice weighing 20–25 grams. G. pentaphylla (Retz.) DC demonstrates remarkable pharmacological activities, including analgesic, antidiarrheal and antihyperglycemic properties, supported by standard experimental data. Analgesic activity was assessed using formalin-induced writhing and hot plate tests in Swiss albino mice. The methanol extract significantly reduced pain responses by 48% compared to the standard diclofenac sodium's 68% (10 mg/kg). For antidiarrheal activity, the castor oil-induced diarrhea model revealed that the petroleum ether fraction reduced diarrhea frequency by 58% at 200 mg/kg, closely matching the standard loperamide's (5 mg/kg) 68% efficacy. Additionally, the antihyperglycemic activity was evaluated using the oral glucose tolerance test in diabetic mice, where the methanol extracts reduced blood glucose levels by 25%, nearly equivalent to the standard glibenclamide's (10 mg/kg) 30%. These findings validate the traditional uses of G. pentaphylla and highlight its potential for therapeutic applications.
Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 28(1): 44-48, 2025 (January)
Design and Formulation of Modified-Release Bilayer Tablets of Rosuvastatin and Ezetimibe
Authors: Ansary Wasim Akter , Paul Priya Rani , Morshed Md Salvin , Sarker Md Raihan , Rahim Md Abdur , Hossain Md Shahadat
Published: January 2025

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) causes a significant number of morbidity and mortality worldwide, primarily driven by dyslipidemia and abnormal lipid levels. Effective management of hyperlipidemia and CVD typically involves using various pharmacological agents, including statins (like atorvastatin and rosuvastatin), cholesterol absorption inhibitors (like ezetimibe), and fibrates. The combined use of these agents has been shown to decrease cardiovascular events effectively over a long duration. This study formulated and designed a bilayer tablet containing sustained-release formulations of rosuvastatin and immediate-release formulations of ezetimibe. The compatibility of drugs within themselves and with the release modifiers was confirmed using FTIR and DSC. The effectiveness of the formulations was evaluated by in-vitro dissolution studies and release kinetics. The release of the ezetimibe was 90% within 60 minutes, whereas rosuvastatin was released 90% from its sustained release formulation within 6 hours. The release rates were evaluated with the Higuchi model, Korsmeyer-Pappas model, and first-order kinetics, revealing the best ezetimibe formulation containing cross-povidone and the best rosuvastatin formulation containing methocel K4M. The combined use of the two formulations would ensure a rapid onset of action and an effective release profile over a long duration.
Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 28(1): 70-82, 2025 (January)
‘Bu İçeriğe Bulunduğunuz Konumda Erişilemiyor’: İnternet Ortamında Yapılan Coğrafi Engellemelerin AB Hukukunda Yansımaları
Authors: Cebeci Çorum Fatmanur
Published: January 2025

Coğrafi engellemeler, kullanıcıların bulunduğu konuma bağlı olarak, internet ortamında erişilmek istenen ürün ya da hizmetlere erişimi kısıtlayarak belirli bir bölgedeki kullanıcılara sunulmaması veya farklı koşullarla sunulması amacıyla uygulanan bir teknolojik yöntemdir. Coğrafi engellemeler nedeniyle ürün ve hizmetlere erişimin zorlaşması, özellikle Avrupa Birliği'nde büyük bir tartışma konusu olmuştur. İlk olarak, sınır ötesi erişimin engellenmesinin dijital tek pazar anlayışına ters düşmesi eleştirilmiştir; çünkü bu anlayış, ürün ve hizmetlerin internet üzerinden de serbest dolaşımını hedefler. İkinci olarak, kültürel ürünlere erişimin kısıtlanması ya da tamamen engellenmesi, insan hakları ve eşitlik ilkeleri açısından ciddi eleştirilere neden olmuştur. Bu eleştiriler sonucunda, özellikle dijital tek pazarı güçlendirmek amacıyla, Avrupa Birliği Komisyonu “Sınır Ötesi Taşınabilirlik Tüzüğü” ve “Haksız Coğrafi Engellemeler Tüzüğü” gibi önemli yasal düzenlemeleri kabul etmiştir. Ancak, Sınır Ötesi Taşınabilirlik Tüzüğü'nün yalnızca belirli bir grup tarafından faydalanılabilir olması sebebiyle hedeflenen amaca ulaşmada yetersiz kaldığı öğretide savunulmaktadır. Haksız Coğrafi Engellemeler Tüzüğü'nün ise telif hakkıyla korunan ürünleri kapsam dışında bırakması nedeniyle oldukça dar kapsamlı olduğu ve dijital tek pazarı güçlendirme hedefine hizmet etmediği ifade edilmiştir. Bu sebeplerle, her iki yasal düzenlemenin de coğrafi engellemeleri Avrupa Birliği'nde tamamen sona erdirme ya da azaltma amacına hizmet etmediği öğretide ifade edilmektedir. Özellikle Haksız Coğrafi Engellemeler Tüzüğü’nün telif hakkıyla korunan ürünleri de kapsaması, bu alandaki sorunların çözümünde önemli bir adım olabilir. Ancak böyle bir adımın özellikle görsel-işitsel ve eğlence sektöründe yaratabileceği değişiklikler ve pazardaki etkisi de dikkatle değerlendirilmelidir. Bu tür bir düzenleme, piyasa dengelerini ve rekabeti önemli ölçüde değiştirebilir.
Acquisitive Prescription/Adverse Possession: Turkish and Chinese Legal Systems
Authors: Didin Dilara Buket , Luo Yongxin
Published: January 2025

With the passage of time, sometimes a right is lost, sometimes a right is acquired, and sometimes an existing right is prevented from being brought to court. The role of time can be seen clearly in the prescription. In the article, the role of the time has been examined within the context of acquisitive prescription/adverse possession. The scope of the article has been limited only to the acquisition of immovable property by prescription. The first chapter of the article examines the legal requirements and consequences of ordinary and extraordinary acquisitive prescription under Turkish law. The second chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the evolution and practice of the acquisitive prescription system in China, including mainland China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Macao. First, the “Qing She” system in ancient China was examined. The second part of the chapter describes the development of mainland China’s statute of acquisitive prescription in modern society. The third part is a study of the adverse possession in Hong Kong. The last part is concerned with the acquisitive prescription in Taiwan and Macao. The concluding chapter provides a comparative analysis to identify similarities and differences in how the examined jurisdictions solve similar problems and tries to find some common rationale between these systems.
Yönetim Danışmanlığı Sözleşmesi
Authors: Karakaş Onur Musab
Published: January 2025

Yönetim danışmanlığı, işletme veya kamu kuruluşlarının karşılaştıkları zorlukları aşmak, kaynaklarını verimli kullanmak ve stratejik hedeflerine ulaşmak amacıyla profesyonel destek aldıkları bir danışmanlık hizmetidir. Bu hizmet, işletmelerin organizasyonel yapılarını güçlendirme, süreçleri iyileştirme, maliyetleri düşürme ve sorunların çözülmesine yönelik stratejik katkı sağlamaktadır. Sanayi Devrimi sonrasında gelişme gösteren bu hizmet, zamanla teknik ve operasyonel süreçlerin yanı sıra organizasyonel değişim, dijitalleşme ve sürdürülebilirlik gibi konuları da kapsayacak şekilde genişlemiştir.
Türkiye’de yönetim danışmanlığı ile ilgili mevzuatımızda doğrudan bir düzenleme bulunmasa da, 2013 tarihli 28784 sayılı Tebliğle yönetim danışmanlığı mesleği tanımlanmıştır. Yönetim danışmanlığı sözleşmeleriyle hizmet sunan danışmanlar, bağımsızlık ilkesiyle müşterilere fikri hizmet sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Yönetim danışmanlığı sözleşmeleri, hizmet, eser ve vekâlet sözleşmeleriyle bazı benzerlikler taşımakla birlikte, kendine özgü (sui generis) bir yapıya sahiptir. Eser sözleşmesinden süreç odaklı olmasıyla, vekâlet sözleşmesinden somut bir sonucun raporlanmasını gerektirmesiyle ve hizmet sözleşmesinden bağımsızlık unsuru ile ayrılmaktadır.
Sonuç olarak, yönetim danışmanlığı, işletmelerin karşılaştığı sorunları çözerek stratejik hedeflere ulaşmalarını sağlayan ve modern iş dünyasında vazgeçilmez bir hizmet haline gelen bir meslek dalıdır. Küreselleşme, dijitalleşme ve artan rekabet gibi dinamikler, bu hizmetin önemini her geçen gün daha da artırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, yönetim danışmanlığının tanımı yapılmış, bu alandaki mesleki ve hukuki çerçeve incelenmiş ve atipik bir sözleşme niteliği taşıyan yönetim danışmanlığı sözleşmesinin, vekâlet, eser ve hizmet sözleşmeleri gibi benzer sözleşme türlerinden hangi yönleriyle ayrıldığı detaylı bir şekilde ele alınmıştır.
Gender Insights on Team-Oriented Leadership: Findings from the GLOBE Project
Authors: Jordan, Ph.D. Sean W. , Servi, Ph.D. James P. , Manderscheid, Ed.D. Steven V.
Published: January 2025

This study examines gender differences in Team-Oriented Leadership (TOL) attributes, utilizing the Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness (GLOBE) framework. With a focus on five subdimensions Collaborative Orientation, Team Integrator, Diplomatic, Malevolent (reversed), and Administrative Competence the research investigates whether female managers exhibit stronger alignment with TOL attributes compared to male managers. A quantitative, non-experimental, causal-comparative design was employed, using data from 287 U.S.-based managers across various industries. The results revealed that women scored significantly higher in the Collaborative Orientation and Team Integrator subdimensions, reinforcing the "feminine leadership advantage" and their aptitude for fostering team cohesion and shared purpose. While no gender differences were found in the Diplomatic or Administrative Competence subdimensions, the universal disfavor of malevolent traits was observed. Limitations include the exclusive use of U.S. GLOBE data, which may skew findings toward American cultural norms. This study contributes to the growing body of literature on gender and leadership by highlighting the value of inclusive and collaborative leadership styles and providing actionable insights for leadership development programs and organizational practices.
Evaluation of phosphate sources using ruminal fiber transit kinetics methodology
Authors: Couto Claudiney de Jesus , Braga Bruna Cardoso , Gomes Raphael dos Santos , Tamy Wagner Pessanha , Villela Severino Delmar Junqueira , Leonel Fernando de Paula
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Since the low phosphorus content is one of the reasons for the low degradation of fiber in roughage such as pasture and by-products, fiber transit kinetics can be an important tool to evaluate differences in digestion depending on phosphorus supplementation with different sources. The objective was to compare the potential of different sources of phosphorus in promoting improvement in fiber digestibility parameters.

Methods

Feeds low in phosphorus were chosen to compose the basal diet. Five crossbred heifers with an average initial weight of 150 ± 8.2 kg were used, randomly distributed in a 5x5 Latin square. The treatments were: negative control (NC) without supplementary phosphorus; dicalcium phosphate from igneous rock with sulfuric acidulation, neutralization with limestone, and the show physical form of microgranules (ISLG); Dicalcium phosphate from igneous rock with sulfuric acidulation, neutralization with hydrated lime, and the physical form of powder (ISLhP); Dicalcium phosphate from sedimentary rock with hydrochloric acidulation, neutralization with limestone, and the micro-granulated show physical form (SeCLG); Dicalcium phosphate from the monocalcium phosphate and hydrated lime reaction adjusted with phosphoric acid, and the powder physical form (MLhPaP). The parameters of the kinetics transit of particles with use of the chromium marker, fixed to the roughage cell wall and subsequent recovery of the marker in the heifer feces, were determined.

Results and discussion

The ISLG resulted in a higher (p<0.05) passage rate of particles from the solid to the liquid phase in the rumen-reticulum. There was no difference (p>0.05) between the diets for the time that indigestible particles spent from ruminal escape to their first appearance in feces. The longest retention time (p<0.05) of solid particles in the rumen-reticulum was detected in animals that received NC diet. In conclusion, heifers that do not receive supplemental phosphorus exhibited poorer fiber processing and dry matter intake (DMI).
Paradigms of intraoperative neuromonitoring in paediatric thyroid surgery
Authors: Li Yuchuan , Zhang Chunhai , Zhang Yi , Dionigi Gianlorenzo , Zhao Yishen , Sun Hui , Wang Yingying
Published: January 2025

The larynx of children and adolescents is still in the developmental phase and the anatomical structure is still very small and sensitive. The higher malignancy and faster progression of some paediatric thyroid cancers make surgery more difficult. Intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) is frequently used in thyroid surgery as an effective means of securing the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN). Little information is available on the clinical efficacy of IONM in paediatric surgery. In addition, classic IONM techniques such as reinforced tracheal tube models with integrated surface electrodes are not standardised for children and adolescents. The use of innovative devices such as laryngeal masks with surface electrodes and thyroid cartilage receiving electrodes could replace monitoring tubes as a new form of IONM. Tracheal intubation in children needs to be performed by a highly experienced anaesthetist. The continued maturation of AI technology could be attempted in the future in conjunction with IONM to further reduce RLN injuries in children and adolescents. This article describes the anatomical features of the paediatric larynx, which differ from those of adults, and the advantages and shortcomings of IONM techniques for thyroid surgery in this population. The use of IONM in paediatric surgery is a complex technique and should be performed by experienced thyroid surgeons with in-depth IONM training. The use of IONM should be standardised within the clinical parameters of children.
Role of glucocorticoid receptor expression in Chronic Chagas Cardiomyopathy: implications for inflammation and cardiac hypertrophy
Authors: González Florencia B. , Pacini Antonella , Castro Araceli , Lioi Susana , Villar Silvina R. , D’Attilio Luciano , Leiva Rodolfo D. , Favaloro Liliana , Bottasso Oscar A. , Vigliano Carlos A. , Pérez Ana Rosa
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Chronic Chagasic Cardiomyopathy (CCC) has an infectious and inflammatory nature. Recent data also suggest an association with altered regulation of glucocorticoid (GC)-mediated circuits failing to control systemic inflammation. However, the involvement of glucocorticoid receptors (GR) and their isoforms have been unexplored.

Materials and methods

The expression of GR-α/β isoforms, 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type-1 (11β-HSD1), inflammatory cytokines, and the GC-regulated gene tristetraprolin (TTP) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) as well as GR immunoreactivity in the myocardium from CCC individuals were evaluated by qPCR and immunohistochemistry respectively. Heart control samples with no evidence of structural heart disease and from ischemic cardiomyopathy patients were included. The presence of inflammatory infiltrates and fibrosis were also recorded.

Results

GR-α was expressed similarly in the PBMCs from Co and CCC individuals, but 11β-HSD1 expression was increased only in CCC, conjointly with enhanced ratios of IL-6/TTP and IFN-γ/TTP. In the inflamed myocardium from CCC patients, positive GR expression correlated with the intensity of the inflammatory infiltrate and cardiac hypertrophy.

Conclusion

The infectious and inflammatory nature of CCC pathology seems strongly connected with the expression of GR in cardiac tissue samples, providing a stimulating background for further studies addressed to elucidate the influence of GR expression and function on CCC pathophysiology and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.
A deep reinforcement learning-based approach for cyber resilient demand response optimization
Authors: Sinha Ayush , Vyas Ranjana , Alasali Feras , Holderbaum William , Vyas O. P.
Published: January 2025

The contemporary smart grid infrastructure, characterized by its bidirectional communication capabilities between prosumers and utility organizations, has revolutionized the efficient execution of fine-grain computational tasks. Ensuring the uninterrupted delivery of power, even in the face of unforeseen contingencies, stands as a paramount concern for utility companies. Peak load forecasting, load balancing, and robust cyberattack detection and prevention mechanisms are integral components in achieving grid reliability. This research endeavors to advance peak load forecasting strategies and demand response optimization at the microgrid level, thereby enhancing grid reliability through the application of Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) techniques. Additionally, it investigates the ongoing threat of false data injection attacks. By synergizing these two critical investigations and implementing a novel framework and defense mechanism, this paper proposes a comprehensive approach to fortify the smart grid’s reliability and security. The envisioned framework not only refines demand response (DR) optimization but also bolsters the grid’s resilience in the face of the everevolving cyber threat landscape. The research outcomes showcase the practicality and effectiveness of the proposed framework, substantiated through extensive experimentation conducted on IEEE-3, IEEE-9, IEEE-14, and IEEE-33 bus systems.
Women's preferences, impacts, and satisfaction with companion support during labour and delivery experiences in Oman
Authors: Alwahaibi Nasar , Alajaimi Fatema , Alhabsi Hoor , Alkalbani Alzahra , Aljulandani Rodina
Published: January 2025

Background

This is the first study to combine both the women's preferences, impacts, and satisfaction during their labour and delivery experience and their companions for their role and impacts. Previously published papers examined either the preferences of pregnant women or those of their companions, which are few. Women's preferences, impacts, and satisfaction with their companions during labour and delivery were evaluated in this study.

Methods

This cross-sectional observational study was conducted between June 2022 and April 2024. As part of this study, labouring women as well as their companions were interviewed separately face-to-face in a private place, and all answers were kept anonymous and confidential. We evaluated each category separately based on two separate sections.

Results

This study included a total of 444 labouring women and an equal number of companions, with mean ages of 32.25 years and 42.66 years, respectively. The majority of women and companions were housewives with college degrees. Among companions, mothers and husbands were the most preferred, and they were typically present from admission to discharge. Among women who had companions, 84.1% reported feeling calmer and more comfortable. 91.9% of companions supported women with encouraging words, and 92.6% perceived their support as highly beneficial to the women. Women expressed 94.8% satisfaction with the medical staff and 87.6% satisfaction with hospital services, while companions reported 96.6% and 74.8% satisfaction with the medical staff and hospital services, respectively.

Conclusions

Labouring women appreciated and valued the presence of companions during childbirth as they had positive impacts. Mothers are the most preferred companions and preferred to be present from admission until discharge. Most companions support their labouring women by encouraging wards. Labouring women and companions were satisfied with the medical team and services provided to them. The presence and role of companions during the childbirth process are crucial and warrant emphasis.
Transcriptional analysis of murine biliary atresia identifies macrophage heterogeneity and subset-specific macrophage functions
Authors: Gromer Kyle D. , Chen Shang-Yang , Gadhvi Gaurav , Feng Liang , Shearn Colin , Antala Swati , Wechsler Joshua B. , Cuda Carla M. , Mack Cara L. , Sokol Ronald J. , Janssen William J. , Green Richard M. , Perlman Harris , Winter Deborah R. , Taylor Sarah A.
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Macrophages play an important role in disease progression of pediatric cholestatic liver disease, particularly biliary atresia (BA); however, the restorative versus pathogenic role for precise macrophage subsets remains poorly defined. We aimed to distinguish the transcriptional profiles and roles of defined macrophage subset(s) in murine BA.

Methods

We used multiparameter flow cytometry and RNA-sequencing analysis to profile recruited CD11bhiCD64+ hepatic macrophages by cell surface expression of MHCII and Ly6c in the Rhesus rotavirus (RRV)-induced murine model of BA versus saline controls. Modulation of macrophage numbers via intra-peritoneal injections of clodronate-loaded liposomes was performed to determine the association between macrophage numbers and histologic injury (Ishak score).

Results

Ly6c+ macrophages demonstrated the greatest increase in numbers and percent of total macrophages in murine BA versus saline controls whereas MHCII+ macrophages decreased. Transcriptional changes in murine BA MHCII+ macrophages included reduced expression of the Kupffer cell gene signature, lower expression of genes involved in homeostatic processes, and increased expression of genes involved in inflammatory processes. Ly6c+ macrophages in murine BA showed increased expression for Hif1a and other genes involved in the cellular response to hypoxia. Among all subsets, the number of Ly6c+ macrophages exhibited the strongest correlation with severity of histologic liver injury by Ishak score.

Conclusions

Our data identify specific pathways upregulated in Ly6c vs MHCII+ macrophage subsets in murine BA. Transcriptional similarities between murine BA and human cholestatic macrophages may enable translation of future mechanistic studies to new macrophage subset-specific therapies.
Disulfidptosis as a key regulator of glioblastoma progression and immune cell impairment
Authors: Shu Yifu , Li Jing
Published: January 2025

Background

Glioblastoma, associated with poor prognosis and impaired immune function, shows potential interactions between newly identified disulfidptosis mechanisms and T cell exhaustion, yet these remain understudied.

Methods

Key genes were identified using Lasso regression, followed by multivariate analysis to develop a prognostic model. Single-cell pseudotemporal analysis explored disulfidptosis T-cell exhaustion (Tex) signaling in cell differentiation. Immune infiltration was assessed via ssGSEA, while transwell assays and immunofluorescence examined the effects of disulfidptosis-Tex genes on glioma cell behavior and immune response.

Results

Eleven disulfidptosis-Tex genes were found critical for glioblastoma survival outcomes. This gene set underpinned a model predicting patient prognosis. Single-cell analysis showed high disulfidptosis-Tex activity in endothelial cells. Memory T cell populations were linked to these genes. SMC4 inhibition reduced LN299 cell migration and increased chemotherapy sensitivity, decreasing CD4 and CD8 T cell activation.

Conclusions

Disulfidptosis-Tex genes are pivotal in glioblastoma progression and immune interactions, offering new avenues for improving anti-glioblastoma therapies through modulation of T cell exhaustion.
Correlations between primary tumour location, biomarkers of inflammation and lung injury, and postoperative pulmonary complications in patients underwent laparoscopic colorectomy: a propensity score matched analysis of 300 patients
Authors: Li Hui-xian , Che Li , Li Yuan , Wang Tai-hang , Min Fang-di , Xu Lei , Wang Meng , Zheng Zhao-xu , Qu Shi-ning , Wang Fei , Tang Wei , Wei Shi-jing , Sun Yu-lin , Zheng Hui , Yan Tao
Published: January 2025

Introduction

The impact of distinct primary colorectal cancer (CRC) sites on lung injury and complications remains largely unexplored, despite the palpable differences in surgical positions, procedures, and the resulting mechanically induced respiratory pressures at each site.

Materials and methods

This study employed a forwards-looking approach utilising the propensity score matching (PSM) method; 300 patients with pathological CRC after laparoscopic surgery from April 2019 to May 2023 were enrolled. Two categories were bifurcated based on their surgical locations: the rectosigmoid colon (RSC) group and the descending/ascending colon (DAC) group, with a 2:1 ratio. The occurrence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) within a 30-day postoperative period was meticulously evaluated. Additionally, assessments have been performed for plasma biomarkers of immune response dynamics and lung injury (plasma soluble advanced glycation end-product receptor [sRAGE], angiopoietin-2 [ANG-2], interleukin-1β/6 [IL-1β/IL-6]) and other parameters.

Results

Although the increase in postoperative lung epithelial damage, as indicated by the plasma sRAGE levels, was significant in the RSC group (DAC vs. RSC; 1029.6 [576.8–1365.2] vs. 1271.6 [896.3–1587.6]; odds ratio=0.999; 95% CI: 0.998 to 1.000; P=0.007), a significantly increased percentage of PPCs was observed in the DAC group (DAC vs. RSC; hazard ratio=1.669; 95% CI, 1.141 to 2.439; P=0.008). A univariate Cox proportional hazards model revealed that sRAGE, ANG-2, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels were not correlated with the incidence of time-to-PPCs across the two cohorts (P>0.05). Propensity score-weighted Cox regression and causal mediation analysis further demonstrated that the DAC site directly affected the incidence of PPCs, regardless of the other baseline confounders and clinical covariates related to the tumour site and PPCs.

Conclusion

The primary site of CRC is an independent predictor of the development of PPCs. Despite the steep Trendelenburg position of the RSC group inciting more pulmonary stress, inflammation and lung epithelial injury, as indicated by higher sRAGE, it demonstrated a lower PPCs occurrence relative to its DAC counterpart, with a slightly inclined or reversed Trendelenburg position. None of the plasma biomarkers of inflammation or lung injury indicated sufficient prognostic value for PPCs.
Impact evaluation of hilsa fishery restoration in Bangladesh: money well spent?
Authors: Mohammed Essam Yassin , Haque A. B. M. Mahfuzul , Nahiduzzaman Md.
Published: January 2025

The hilsa fishery, Bangladesh’s largest single-species fishery, generates over USD 3 billion annually, contributing 12% to annual fish production and supporting 2.5 million people. However, the growing human population and the associated demand for fish protein have led to overfishing of both adult and juvenile hilsa in the gill net fishery. In respons, the Department of Fisheries (DoF) and WorldFish implemented the ECOFISH-BD project (2015–2019), funded by USAID, to promote sustainable management practices. Despite the ecological and economic importance of hilsa shad (Tenualosa ilisha), there is a significant gap in the literature regarding the economic evaluation of conservation initiatives. This study addrress that gap by examining the ECOFISH-BD project and assessing its return on investment (ROI) in terms of ecological and socio-economic outcomes. The research evaluates the historical context influencing hilsa production, assesses the project’s impact on stock recovery, and conducts a cost-benefit analysis to determine the ROI related to hilsa fishery management and community livelihoods. Using the difference-in-difference method, the study measured changes in income and assets, revealing a significant increase of 86.19% in income and 63.99% in overall assets in the intervention group compared to the baseline. Despite these positive outcomes, challenges such as unequal benefit distribution, power imbalances in the hilsa value chain, and the persistence of debt trap remain. While it is difficult to fully isolate the project’s effects from other external factors, the project has played a significant role in the recovery of hilsa stocks and the subsequent increase in catch volumes. Furthermore, the project demonstrates strong economic viability, evidenced by an internal rate of return of 32.8%. This study underscores the profitability and investment potential of small-scale fisheries, challenging common misconceptions and advocating for increased investment and institutional support to maximize long-term socio-economic and ecological benefits.
A guide to prompt design: foundations and applications for healthcare simulationists
Authors: Maaz Sara , Palaganas Janice C. , Palaganas Gerry , Bajwa Maria
Published: January 2025

Large Language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT, Gemini, and Claude gain traction in healthcare simulation; this paper offers simulationists a practical guide to effective prompt design. Grounded in a structured literature review and iterative prompt testing, this paper proposes best practices for developing calibrated prompts, explores various prompt types and techniques with use cases, and addresses the challenges, including ethical considerations for using LLMs in healthcare simulation. This guide helps bridge the knowledge gap for simulationists on LLM use in simulation-based education, offering tailored guidance on prompt design. Examples were created through iterative testing to ensure alignment with simulation objectives, covering use cases such as clinical scenario development, OSCE station creation, simulated person scripting, and debriefing facilitation. These use cases provide easy-to-apply methods to enhance realism, engagement, and educational alignment in simulations. Key challenges associated with LLM integration, including bias, privacy concerns, hallucinations, lack of transparency, and the need for robust oversight and evaluation, are discussed alongside ethical considerations unique to healthcare education. Recommendations are provided to help simulationists craft prompts that align with educational objectives while mitigating these challenges. By offering these insights, this paper contributes valuable, timely knowledge for simulationists seeking to leverage generative AI’s capabilities in healthcare education responsibly.