bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of ergonomic training and equipment on musculoskeletal system disorders and quality of life in healthcare professionals
Authors: Kersu Ozlem , Kosgeroglu Nedime
Published: January 2025

Objective: To determine the association of musculoskeletal disorders with ergonomic training and equipment with respect to the quality of life of nurses working in the intensive care unit.
Method: The experimental study was conducted at Eskisehir Osmangazi University Health, Practice and Research Hospital from November 2018 to December 2019, and comprised adult intensive care unit nurses. The nurses were provided with ergonomic equipment (rollboards) to facilitate the transfer patients from bed to stretcher and from stretcher to bed. The nurses were trained on the use of rollboards for a month. Data was collected at baseline and after the training using a personal data collection form, Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire, Rapid Entire Body Assessment, and Short Form-36. Data was analysed using SPSS 21.
Results: Of the 103 nurses, 71(58.9%) were females and 32(31.1%) were males. There were 30(29.1%) subjects aged 25-29 years, and body mass index was <25kg/m2 in 62(60.2%). Median risk score for lower back was 3.50 (interquartile range: 1.50-14.00; Z=-2.58, p=0.01) and for risky working posture it was 5.00 (interquartile range: 5.00-7.00; Z=-8.39, p<0.001) of nurses which decreased after training and the use of equipment. The sub-dimension scores of the quality of life for the physical function, mental health, social function, general health perception and pain decreased post-intervention, but the difference was not significant (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Nurses' musculoskeletal symptoms decreased as a result of ergonomic training and equipment use. Although ergonomic training and equipment use did not affect nurses' quality of life, the ergonomic workplace increased their awareness of ergonomic risk assessment.
Key Words: Education, Ergonomics, Musculoskeletal system, Nurses, Quality of life.
Professional consensus on orthodontic risks: what orthodontists should tell their patients. A cross-sectional study at Saidu college of dentistry, Swat
Authors: Erum Behroz Khan  , Huda Ghaffar  , Neelam Shah Jehan  , Muhammad Zaheen  , Tufail Muhammad  , Ali Raza Jafri
Published: January 2025

The importance of transparent communication regarding orthodontic risks during the informed consent process in paramount in terms of ensuring a strong orthodontist-patient relationship. Conducted on a national scale in Pakistan, the current study was planned to establish a consensus among orthodontic professionals regarding critical risks involved in such a discussion. The cross-sectional survey involving 132 orthodontists across Pakistan led to the emergence of 10 key risks, including relapse, treatment duration and gingivitis. However, the study's sole focus on orthodontists' perspectives limited its insights, overlooking invaluable input from patients' experiences. Nevertheless, the consensus underscored the significance of addressing these risks to ensure informed consent and patient autonomy. Going forward, it is imperative to customise this evidence-based information according to individual patient needs, and maintain an ongoing dialogue regarding potential risks, fostering a collaborative approach to orthodontic care and decision-making.
Key Words: Orthodontic risks communication, Patient education and safety, Medico-legal complications, Informed consent.
A case report of Asymptomatic hyperCKemia and literature review
Authors: Luo Meng , Huang Xuerong , Wang Wenhui , He Qingjun , Zhou Chunhong , Lin Yingyu , Fan Chunxiao , Pi Jianbin
Published: January 2025

The case report of a female with Asymptomatic hyperCKemia along with a literature review is presented. The objective of this report is to highlight an effective diagnosis and treatment option for Asymptomatic hyperCKemia patients, as well as to bring to attention a rare and benign cause of CK elevation, which can lead to diagnostic and therapeutic errors.
Key words: Asymptomatic hyperCKemia; Rare disease.
Effects of instrument assisted soft tissue mobilisation in patients with chronic mechanical low back pain----A randomized control trial
Authors: Gul Sameera , Bashir Sana , Mushtaq Kayani Nida , Sabir Zoha , Qurat-Ul-Ain Hafiza
Published: January 2025

Objective: To determine the effects of instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilisation compared to manual myofascial release in terms of managing pain, improving range of motion, and reducing disability in patients with chronic mechanical low back pain.
Method: The randomised controlled trial was conducted from July 2022 to July 2023 at the Foundation University College of Physical Therapy and Gul’s Rehab Clinic, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, and comprised patients of either gender diagnosed with chronic mechanical low back pain. The patients were randomised into group A receiving manual myofascial release, and group B receiving instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilisation using long bar tool. The intervention lasted 9 sessions over 3 weeks. Data was analysed using SPSS 21.
Results: Of the 50 participants 37(74%) were females and 13(26%) were males. The overall mean age was 25.1±6.9 years. There were 25(50%) patients in each group. Pain, lumbar range of motion, and lumbar disability improved significantly in both groups (p< 0.05). Intergroup difference was not significant (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Manual myofascial release and instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilisation were equally effective in the treatment of chronic mechanical low back pain.
RCT number: NCT05709925.
https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?cond=Low+Back+Pain&term=05709925&cntry=PK&state=&city=Rawalpindi&dist=
Key Words: Chronic pain, Low back pain, Lumbar region, Myofascial release, Soft tissue injury.
Therapeutic rehabilitation for Klippel-Feil syndrome: a case report
Authors: Wardah Rauf  , Samia Sarmad  , Sameed Liaqat  , Saleem Safa , Muhammad Jawad  , Muhammad Ahad
Published: January 2025

Klippel-Feil syndrome (KFS) is a genetic condition presenting with a triad of symptoms: short neck, limited range of motion in the neck, and a low posterior hair line. Herein, we report the case of an eight-year-old girl who presented with complaints of pain, numbness, and a triad of KFS at the Paediatric Physical Therapy and Neuro-Rehabilitation Centre, Lahore. The aim of this report is to show that a rare syndrome can be coped very effectively through efficient goal setting. Physiotherapy intervention protocol was designed and given to the patient for four weeks and prognosis was established.
Keywords: Klippel-Feil syndrome, Physiotherapy Intervention, Genetic Condition.
Profiling the Properties of SILAR Synthesized MnSe Films as Potential Material for Absorber
Layer of Thin Film Solar Cells
Authors: Kingsley Asielue O , Nkechi Opene J , Livinus Okoli N
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the optical, structural, and electrical properties of manganese selenide (MnSe) thin films synthesized using the Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction (SILAR) method, with varying volumes of triethylamine (TEA) as a complexing agent. The MnSe films exhibited high absorbance in the ultraviolet (UV) region, peaking at values from 0.61 to 0.91 depending on TEA concentration, and declining towards the near-infrared (NIR) region. Transmittance varied from 12.53% to 92.17%, decreasing with higher TEA concentrations. The energy band gap of the films decreased from 2.90 eV with 2 ml of TEA to 2.30 eV with 10 ml, highlighting the tunability of MnSe for photovoltaic applications. Film thickness varied from 190.82 nm to 381.63 nm, reflecting a direct relationship with TEA concentration. Structurally, the MnSe films crystallized in the cubic phase with improved crystallinity and reduced defects at higher TEA volumes, as evidenced by a crystallite size increase from 20.10 nm to 25.09 nm and decreased dislocation density and microstrain. Morphological analysis revealed uniform grain-like structures at moderate TEA concentrations, which are optimal for photovoltaic performance. The electrical properties highlighted a trade-off between resistivity and conductivity. Films deposited with lower TEA volumes exhibited higher electrical conductivity of 2.72 ×10^(-5) S/cm at 2 ml compared to 1.02 ×10^(-5) S/cm at 10 ml. These findings confirm the suitability of MnSe thin films for absorber layers in solar cells, particularly where tunable optical and electrical properties are desired. The ability to control these properties by varying TEA concentration enhances the material's versatility for applications beyond photovoltaics, including optoelectronic and photodetector devices.
Design guides for the development of a system to create interpretations of breast cancer studies
Authors: Martínez-Pérez Francisco Eduardo , Camargo-Zebadúa Rosario Margot , Nava-Muñoz Sandra Edith , Núñez-Varela Alberto Salvador , Guerrero-Jaime Abel de Jesús , Núñez-Varela José Ignacio , Castillo-Barrera Francisco Edgar , Ramírez-Gámez César A.
Published: January 2025

Breast cancer is a disease that, in the last years, has increased considerably worldwide. From a medical point of view, there exists a well-defined classification that radiologists use to interpret mammograms. New computational tools could be created with the purpose of helping the radiologists, to achieve this it is necessary to transform such medical knowledge into computational knowledge. This way, these computational tools could be used to help making decisions and accelerate the interpretations that radiologists perform. This research work presents design guides, which should be considered for the creation of computational systems. These guides are based on the knowledge that has been gathered from a breast cancer project in a hospital at the city of San Luis Potosi.
Design and evaluation of a balanced scorecard to measure the impact of COVID-19 on a Mexican higher education institution
Authors: Gentner-Polanco Diego A. , Ávila-Amezcua María J. , Tapia-Hernández Brandon G. , Chowell-Puente Gerardo , Mamelund Svenn-Erik , Santana-Mancilla Pedro C.
Published: January 2025

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of effectively monitoring and understanding its impact on the general population, especially regarding mental health and well-being. The isolation measures implemented during the lockdown significantly affected people's lives by changing habits and circumstances. To address this challenge, this project aims to develop a comprehensive Balanced Scorecard for data gathered through surveys from higher education students at a Mexican university.
This study aims to validate the usability of the Balanced Scorecard for users and ensure that it effectively meets their needs. The project encounters significant challenges, such as ensuring the quality and accuracy of collected data and addressing potential data cleansing issues. However, the insights generated could be crucial for decision-making in future pandemics and epidemics.
Development and Validation of a Computer Simulation-Based Laboratory Manual for Gas Laws
Authors: Amparado Leomel , Tapia Rachel , Sanchez Joje Mar
Published: January 2025

This study developed and validated a laboratory manual for teaching gas laws using computer-aided simulations to address challenges in chemistry education. Utilizing a descriptive educational and research model alongside the ADDIE framework, the manual was evaluated by expert validators and tested with Grade 11 STEM students and teachers. The validation results by the experts were evident in all criteria, including pedagogical approach, content relevance, technology integration, assessment strategies, and teacher support and professional development. The manual effectively promotes student-centered learning, aligns with curriculum standards, and enhances engagement and comprehension through technology integration, providing a valuable resource for teachers and improving student outcomes.
Influencia de los requerimientos edafoclimáticos en el cultivo de la vainilla (Vanilla planifolia A.): Revisión.
Authors: Retureta Aponte Alejandro , Morales Crispín Luis Moisés , Hernández Mar Brenda Mariana , Carmona-Díaz Gustavo , Enríquez García Fabián
Published: January 2025

La vainilla (Vanilla planifolia) es una especia tropical de alto valor que depende de condiciones específicas de suelo y clima para su cultivo exitoso. Este documento analiza los requerimientos edafoclimáticos esenciales para su desarrollo, como temperatura, humedad relativa, precipitación, textura del suelo, pH y nutrientes esenciales. Se destacan las interacciones entre estos factores y su impacto en la productividad. Además, se abordan desafíos como el cambio climático, la degradación del suelo y las enfermedades, junto con estrategias sostenibles para mitigarlos. La adopción de sistemas agroforestales y el manejo integral del suelo y el clima son claves para asegurar una producción eficiente y sostenible de vainilla.
Integration of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) and Environmental Flow Assessment (EFA) Concepts as an Adaptive Approach to Pollutant Loading Management in Asia: A Review
Authors: Mohd Yusof Fasihah , Jamil Nor Rohaizah , Sapia’e Syahida , Marcus Ata Frankie , Abdul Malik Nur Khaliesah
Published: January 2025

Water scarcity and pollution are escalating challenges in Asia, impacting ecological systems and human livelihoods. This paper reviews the integration of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) and Environmental Flow Assessment (EFA) in water management to address the dual issues of water quality and quantity. TMDL focuses on regulating the number of pollutants entering water bodies to meet quality standards, while EFA ensures that enough water is available to support aquatic ecosystems. Their independent application, however, often leads to gaps—TMDL can overlook ecological needs, while EFA may neglect pollution control. The integration of these two frameworks offers a more holistic solution, especially in water-stressed regions like Southeast Asia, where moderate water availability is exacerbated by urbanization, industrialization, and agricultural runoff. Case studies from Malaysia, Indonesia, and China reveal the limitations of applying TMDL and EFA separately and underscore the necessity of addressing both ecological flow requirements and pollution limits. This paper identifies key pollutants such as biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), heavy metals, and total suspended solids (TSS), particularly in urban and semi-urban areas, and highlights the importance of tailoring strategies to the specific needs of different regions. By combining TMDL and EFA, policymakers can better manage pollutant loads, secure ecological health, and address Asia’s pressing water management issues. This review emphasizes the need for adaptable, integrated water management strategies that account for seasonal fluctuations, competing water demands, and regional water availability and pollution differences.
Comparison of Tensile Properties Data Analyzed Using ANOVA and MANOVA Methods: Case Study Data of PVA-Gambir Blend Film
Authors: Vitri Aprilla Handayani  , Muhammad Railis Razan , Sunarsono Hery , Azzahra Nabila , Ilham Chayri Iby  , Abral Hairul , Rushdan Ahmad Ilyas , Mohd Sapuan Salit  , Muhammad Adlan Azka
Published: January 2025

In our previous research, the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) method was applied to analyze data on the tensile properties of pure PVA films and blend films mixing PVA (10%), BA (0.5%), and UG (1%). The results using ANOVA analysis are not significant for treatments in samples. This study compares data from Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) and ANOVA methods. The accuracy level of both methods is α = 5% (0.05). The result showed that the tensile properties of samples using MANOVA display a significant data effect. Therefore, we recommended MANOVA because the tests were performed simultaneously.
Comparative Analysis of Carbonized Hybrid Briquettes Produced from Cassava Peel and Sawdust for Cooking Application
Authors: Ajagbe Charles Adesola , Zainuddin Mohamad Faiz , Abd Manaf Latifah , Nik Ab Rahim Nik Nor Rahimah , Anguruwa Gloria Titi
Published: January 2025

The increasing use of biomass residues in briquette forms is not just for disposal problems but provides alternatives to fossil fuel and fuelwood. This research concentrated on assessing the effectiveness of the briquettes when used for cooking. The briquettes were prepared from carbonized materials: 100% Cassava peels (CP), 100% Sawdust (SD) of Gmelina arborea and their hybrid (MIX1 -75:25, MIX2 -50:50, and MIX3 -25:75) with starch binder in percentage (5% and 10%) by weight at varying resident time of 10, 20, and 30 minutes. ANOVA was utilized to evaluate the significance at p<0.05. The produced briquettes were oven-dried and subjected to mechanical, boiling test, and fuel performance tests to evaluate their suitability as domestic fuel. The result shows that shatter index ranged between 46.81%–95.54%, compressive strength ranged from 0.12–0.26 N/mm2. Briquette’s thermal efficiency with good flame was within the range of 24.27%–55.55%. However, the average burning rate of all the briquette types was between 0.39 to 0.85 kg/hr, while the average specific fuel consumption ranged from 0.08 to 0.14 kg/l. The briquette took 15 minutes to boil water from 96.9°C to 97. 9°C.The comprehensive briquette test reveals that cassava peel exhibits the highest capacity for handling, while hybrid briquettes MIX1 and MIX3 demonstrate commendable fuel performance. It was noted that the binder ratio, type of biomass material, and residence time significantly impact the properties of the briquettes.
Antioxidant Properties and Storage Stability of Spray-dried Melastoma malabathricum L. Fruit Extract for Natural Colorant
Authors: Zahari Nurul Syazwani , Sabran Siti Fatimah , Mohd Asrah Norhaidah , Abu Bakar Mohd Fadzelly , Pa’ee Furzani , Muhammad Norhayati , Abu Bakar Fazleen Izzany , Mohd Khairil Said
Published: January 2025

Melastoma malabathricum L. is a plant that is rich in anthocyanin, though its anthocyanin is low in stability. Therefore, this study aims to characterize the physicochemical properties of the encapsulated fruit extracts of M. malabathricum, to determine the antioxidant activities before and after encapsulation using 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-Azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assays, expressed as IC50 values, and to assess the storage stability of the encapsulated fruit extract in different conditions based on the Total Anthocyanin Content (TAC) and Degradation Index (DI). The encapsulation was performed using a spray dryer and maltodextrin as the wall material. Crude extract with maltodextrin ratios of 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 were tested, and TAC of the samples were determined using pH differential methods. The encapsulated extract was characterized according to their physical and chemical properties. Stability was evaluated under different conditions, including 20°C, 4°C and 25°C in the dark, and 25°C with light exposure for 90 days. Ratio 1:3 exhibited the lowest moisture content (5.77%) and solubility time (3s), while ratio 1:1 demonstrated the lowest bulk and tapped densities (0.366 g/ml and 0.5 g/ml). All ratios were acidic and displayed spherical particles with irregular surfaces. Ratio 1:1 showed the highest antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 28.50 μg/ml (DPPH), 49.03 μg/ml (ABTS), and 39.97 μg/ml (FRAP). The most stable condition was at 4°C in the dark, while the ratio 1:2 was found to be the best ratio. Both factors can be considered to achieve stability for future applications.
Financial Stress and Mental Health – A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Parthasarathy Souparnna Lakshmi , Vinayachandran Vidhya
Published: January 2025

The proposition has been put forward that financial stress plays a role as an economic factor influencing the occurrence of depression. Few studies have been conducted on the intersection of financial stress and mental health, and currently, there has not been any effort to map the existing literature in this area. As a result, through integrating the knowledge framework, the researcher aims to pinpoint the advancements in research within the field. A bibliometric analysis of financial stress and mental health was conducted, utilizing a set of data containing 1,019 documents. This sample was derived from a methodical scientific search conducted on the Scopus database, covering the period from 1980 to 2023. This study employed the Bibliometrix R Package and VosViewer software to facilitate the analysis. The present study offers crucial insights into financial stress and mental health dynamics. The conceptual framework progresses from psychological factors, and determinants while extending into social dimensions such as unemployment, debt, inequality, health, and education. By unveiling the societal and intellectual framework within the discipline, the study informs upcoming researchers about emerging themes, diverse contexts, and opportunities for collaborations in this significant area of study. It not only underscores the predominant issues within this domain but also guides future research by pointing toward potential areas of exploration.
Navigating Educational Finance: Trends in State Funding for Higher Education in North-East India
Authors: Daimary Phuloma , Sarma Moyuri
Published: January 2025

Education plays a crucial role in the development of a nation, shaping its social, political, cultural, educational, and scientific progress. Public expenditure on education is often considered a strong indicator of a country's future prospects. This study examines the patterns of state government financing of higher education in the northeastern states of India, focusing on Assam, Tripura, Arunachal Pradesh, and Mizoram—an underexplored region in educational finance research. It investigates how government spending influences the quality of education, the execution of educational policy frameworks, and the alignment with the goals of the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020. Framed within the context of resource allocation theory, the study highlights the challenges these states face in achieving the policy's vision of equitable and excellent education. Data for this study has been sourced from appropriation account reports of the respective state governments. The findings reveal a consistent lack of significant changes in government expenditure on higher education over the past four years. Additionally, the distribution of funds shows a distinct imbalance, with a heavier emphasis on the revenue head compared to the capital head. This disparity underscores inadequate investments in infrastructural development, which is essential for achieving NEP2020 goals. These financial constraints are likely to hinder the quality of education and the region’s progress.
Exploring the Key Determinants of Success for Food Truck Entrepreneurs Insights from Structural Equation Modelling Study
Authors: Adithya M Ajay , Geetha R
Published: January 2025

Growth of food trucks, which provide ready-to-eat meals in public areas and boost urban economies, has had a substantial influence on the traditional restaurant sector. This study examines the major variables that affect food truck owners' operational performance and sustainability in order to determine what makes them successful. The research used a structural equation modelling (SEM) methodology to ascertain crucial success elements, such as the regulatory environment, marketing tactics, and technological uptake. Food truck owners provided information so that researchers could evaluate how these variables interacted to determine the success of the venture. The results show that technology innovations greatly improve customer involvement and operational efficiency, especially in social media and mobile payment applications. The report also emphasizes the value of adaptable marketing approaches and the assistance that food truck enterprises receive from supportive regulatory environments. This research advances knowledge of the dynamics of the mobile food business by offering actual data on the success determinants of food truck owners. The information that was acquired is beneficial to stakeholders, legislators, and business owners who want to promote a robust and sustainable food truck industry. The study also emphasizes how effective SEM may be when analysing intricate relationships between various factors that affect an entrepreneur's ability to succeed.
Optimization of Quantized Cooperative Sensing Using Multi-Objective JAYA Algorithm
Authors: Rudabhai Keraliya Divyesh , Dhirendrabhai Mehta Rahul , Thakarshibhai Loriya Hitesh
Published: January 2025

Cognitive radio (CR) is the new era of wireless technology having objective is to effective utilization of available spectrum. The primary function of cognitive radio is to sense the available free spectrum. The effectiveness of cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) for searching available free spectrums in network of cognitive radio (CR) has been executed by receiving sensing data from surrounding node which is called CR. The data senses by CR node are transmitted at the central/common node named fusion center using either soft combining techniques or standard hard combining technique. These two combining techniques have a trade-off between performance and data required to sense the channel. The primary factor that decides the quality of sensing spectrum depends on weightage given to the coefficient used in softened data combing strategy in CSS. In this paper, optimal sensing framework using MultiObjective JAYA (MOJAYA) algorithm is presented which use optimality criterion of the Neyman-Pearson, as an effective tool to search the optimal coefficients vector so that sensing quality is preserved with less overhead. The performance of the presented framework which is based MOJAYA algorithm is thoroughly evaluated and compared with a conventional soft combining strategy as well as hard combining by using computer for simulation. The results show that the presented MOJAYA based performance is almost near to the conventional soft combining scheme i.e., equal gain combiner (EGC) with less overhead and bandwidth, which confirms the validation of presented framework.
Les Perceptions Des Riziculteurs Sur Les Contraintes De Rendement Du Riz Dans Les Conditions Agro-Ecologiques Des Périmètres Irrigués Insécurisés De La Plaine De La Ruzizi.
Authors: Kamaguru Bienvenu Imani , Djamba Antoine Mumba , Kankolongo Amand Mbuya , Luwawa Martin Nyongolo
Published: January 2025

Purpose: The rice cultivation in the Ruzizi plain is an essential economic pillar, but it faces numerous challenges, particularly persistent insecurity in the irrigated areas. The objective of the study is to analyze the perceptions of rice farmers regarding the challenges hindering rice yields in the Ruzizi plain.
Methodology: The methodology employed is probabilistic sampling, specifically simple random sampling, involving 196 rice farmers distributed across three strategic irrigated areas (Luberizi, Sange, and Kiliba).
Findings: This study highlights a plethora of major constraints that suffocate the efforts of rice farmers. Among these constraints, we can mention the lack of access to credit, persistent insecurity characterized by kidnappings and violence, archaic agricultural practices (such as late transplanting and high density per hill), proliferation of weeds, plant diseases, and pests, degradation of irrigation infrastructure, lack of access to quality agricultural inputs, and the use of less resistant rice varieties, all of which negatively impact rice yields. The socio-economic repercussions of insecurity in these irrigated areas are manifested by a significant decrease in agricultural and economic incomes, forced migration of rice farmers to safer areas, as well as disruption of production cycles, which weakens socio-cultural structures and generates intercommunity tensions.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Improving rice yields would require the pacification of irrigated areas, modernization of agricultural practices, and promoting sustainable development in rice cultivation to enhance the resilience of local communities.
Endogenous Knowledge and Production of Potential Local Varieties of Cucurbita Maxima Dutch (Cucurbitaceae) in the Sudano-Sahelian Zone of Cameroon.
Authors: Sanda Hebri , Angoni Hyacinthe , Haman Zéphirin Oumarou , Abdouraman Abdouraman , Effa Joseph Messi , Menyene Florent Etoundi Laurent , Menkamla Albert Tchopwe , Benoît Maralossou , Tchobsala Tchobsala
Published: January 2025

Purpose: The main concern of this study is to contribute to the availability of data on the endogenous production system of pumpkin in the Sudano-Sahelian zone in Cameroon. The results of this work will undoubtedly allow decision-makers to consider a policy of promoting endogenous knowledge regarding this plant.
Methodology: To achieve this objective, surveys were conducted among 483 people in eighteen villages of six Divisions (Bénoué, Mayo- Louti, Mayo-Rey, Mayo- Kani, Mayo- Danay and Mayo- Tsanaga). The data collected were codified and encoded in the Excel spreadsheet of the Microsoft Office 2019 program. They were then analyzed using SPSS 20 (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) software, the chi-square test (χ 2) for the comparison between percentages and XLSTAT to perform Principal Component Analysis of the variables
Findings: These surveys revealed that the potential Cucurbita maxima farmers are women, they represent 78.67 % of producers. Pumpkin is grown in association with other crops including: 56 % with Arachis hypogaea, 22 % with Eleusine coracana, 10 % with Zea mays, 9 % with Gossypium hirsitum and only 4 % with other speculations including Abelmoschus esculentus. Producers use seeds of local varieties. Derived products such as fruits, seeds, leaves, stem, root and peduncles have high ethnobotanical values. Pumpkin is mainly cultivated for self-consumption and the rest for sale. The fruits are preserved by farmers under the seed beds, around a family watering hole canary for a period ranging from one to three months.
Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: The results of this study will allow breeders to exploit these genetic resources in different ways to produce new cultivars and promote the pumpkin sector in Cameroon.
Environmental protection in the reports of medium-sized manufacturing enterprises in Hungary - a regional perspective
Authors: Dániel Zoltán András , Porkoláb Patrícia Fanni
Published: January 2025

Nowadays, we are confronted with the importance of environmental protection everywhere, whether we browse the internet or walk down the street, we find news and advertisements about it everywhere. But it is not only an issue for individuals, but it is also increasingly important for companies, as they must comply with ever stricter legislation and international consumer expectations. Studies on environmental investment have been around since the end of the last century, but in this research, we focus on the SME sector, including the Hungarian manufacturing industry. The manufacturing industry was chosen because it is one of the largest industries in Hungary and is therefore likely to be more numerous in several regions for comparability in terms of regionality.The aim of the research is to investigate whether there are regional differences or similarities between medium-sized enterprises in the domestic manufacturing sector in terms of environmental expenditure and the information reported on it. Research on environmental sustainability activities and ecological footprint calculations in the corporate sector is available, and there are several methods for regional sustainability efforts that form the basis of our analysis.The research was carried out on a 239-item sample of medium-sized manufacturing enterprises in Hungary, using content analysis to examine the supplementary annexes and annual reports of selected enterprises. Results are presented in a regional context.
Yield Curve and S&P Returns
Authors: Kučer Luka , Alajbeg Denis , Kesić Tomislav
Published: January 2025

The objective of this paper was to explore the predictive power of the US Treasury yield curve spread for subsequent short- to medium term S&P 500 returns (holding periods of 1-36 months), over the past 35 years. Stock returns were lowest (and even negative) when the yield curve inverted, especially if the spread was increasing - a situation that usually coincided with monetary policy changing from restrictive to expansionary (the so-called “Fed pivot”). On the other hand, a positive yield curve was typically followed by positive stock returns in mostly all examined holding periods. The highest average returns were recorded when the yield curve was normal and the spread decreasing – i.e., when the economic and stock market recovery was well underway and when the steep yield curve gradually started to flatten and normalize. Regression analysis indicated that, in the short-term, yield curve spreads and stock market returns are uncorrelated, but also that the relationship strengthened in longer time frames (although only to moderate levels). In this regard, using the 12-month MA spread instead of the current spread is perhaps worth further investigating, since it produced more consistent and statistically significant returns (especially for time frames of 12 months and longer).
Blockbuster Business: Marketing Strategies and Challenges in Indian Movies
Authors: Prasad C.S. Jayanthi , Sri K. Teja , Bharathi M. , Srinivas T. Aditya Sai
Published: January 2025

This paper explores how marketing in the Indian film industry has transformed over time, adapting to the digital age. In the past, promotions revolved around star power, grand music launches, and media tours. Today, social media, influencer collaborations, and streaming platforms have redefined how filmmakers connect with audiences. The research dives into both traditional and modern strategies, looking at trailers, regional campaigns, and international outreach for the Indian diaspora. Case studies of big-budget hits and indie films reveal what works and what doesn’t, tackling challenges like piracy and oversaturated markets. It also explores future trends like AI, immersive tech, and blockchain, showing how innovation keeps audiences engaged in a competitive space.
Examining Displacement, Resettlement and Rehabilitation Process: The Case of Rengali Dam Displaced Communities in Odisha, India
Authors: Sahoo Uttam , Jojo Bipin
Published: January 2025

This article aims to examine the outcomes of state-led
resettlement and rehabilitation processes in the
resettled colonies of Rengali Dam displaced
communities in the state of Odisha, India. By employing the
descriptive research design and analysing qualitative and
quantitative field data, it presents several consequences of
the displacement process and how people and communities
are impacted by it. It argues that while the Indian state has
responded to development-led displaced people with
promises of 'resettlement and rehabilitation', in most cases,
the State1 has only confined itself to 'resettlement',
n e g l e c t i n g t h e ' r e h a b i l i t a t i o n ' o f d i s p l a c e d
communities—many of them Dalits, Adivasis and marginal
farmers. Referring to the doctrine of the 'eminent domain of
the state', it points out the failure of public policies in the
equitable distribution of growth benefits and how it has
intensified the vulnerability of the displaced communities.
This analysis has implications for future development-led
displacement and resettlement and rehabilitation of people
and their communities.
Impact of Selected Macroeconomic Variables on Human Capital Development in Nigeria
Authors: Nwuju Oliver , John Aiyedogbon , Aigbedion Marvelous
Published: January 2025

Human capital is a key driver of economic growth and
productivity and it has been argued that the
management of macroeconomic variables like broad
money supply, inflation rate, unemployment rate, economic
growth rate and interest rate are effective tools in achieving
high human capital development. Therefore, this study
examined the impact of selected macroeconomic variables on
human capital development in Nigeria (1990–2022). The study
made use of ex-post facto research time series data and
dynamic ordinary least squares techniques to examine the
impact of selected macroeconomic variables on human capital
development in Nigeria. Broad money supply has a positive
and significant impact on human capital development in
Nigeria and this made broad money supply an important
variable among the macroeconomic variables in improving the
level of human capital development in Nigeria. On the other
hand, unemployment, inflation rate and interest rate hinder
human capital development in Nigeria, because the increase in
these three macroeconomic variables hurt human capital
development in Nigeria. However, the coefficient for economic
growth rate suggests a potential positive impact on human
capital development in Nigeria. Therefore, the study
recommends that the government through the Central Bank of
Nigeria should manage the volume of the broad money supply
to maintain its positive impact on human capital development
in Nigeria and in such a way to increase the investment in
education and health services in Nigeria for human capital
development in Nigeria. Finally, the government through the
Central Bank of Nigeria, Federal Ministry of Labour and
Productivity and Federal Ministry of Finance should manage
the rate of unemployment, inflation, economic growth and
interest rate to improve their impact on human capital
development in Nigeria and ensure that they have a positive
impact on human capital development in Nigeria.
Firm Specifics and Capital Structure of the Selected Insurance Firms in Nigeria
Authors: Byuan Mathias , Osoba B Samson , Udu Ama , Abdullahi Shehu , James Tyohen
Published: January 2025

This study examines the effect of firms specific on the
capital structure of quoted insurance firms in
Nigeria. The study adopts an ex-post facto research
design. The data were collected from the sampled insurance
firms' annual reports from (1992 to 2022). This study
measures firm capital structure using financial leverage.
The study employs multiple regression techniques for
analysis with STATA version 17. The result of the random
regression model was favored by the Hausman
Specification Test. It was revealed that that profitability has
a significant and positive impact on the capital structure of
listed insurance firms in Nigeria. The study as well
concluded that firm liquidity insignificantly impacts the
capital structure of the selected insurance firms in Nigeria.
The study concluded that firm size insignificantly and
negatively impacts the capital structure of the selected
insurance firms in Nigeria. Thus, the study recommends
among others that larger firms should take advantage of
economies of scale in their operations. This can reduce
operational costs, leading to increased profitability and
better capital structure management. By efficiently utilizing
resources, larger firms can negotiate better terms with
suppliers and service providers, thereby improving their
financial stability.
Factors Influencing Female Involvement in Crime and Criminality Among Inmate of Igbeba Correctional Centre, Ijebu Ode, Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: Balogun Olukunle , Okunola John , Ajayi Olatunde
Published: January 2025

The study investigates factors contributing to female
involvement in crime and criminality among
inmates of Igbeba correctional centre. Ijebu – Ode. A
mixed –method approach was employed, combining
survey and interview with 30 females' inmates in Igbeba
Correctional Centre, Ijebu – Ode Ogun State. Stratified
sampling technique was adopted to pick thirty (30) female
inmates Igbeba Correctional Centre, Ogun State. Three (3)
research questions were raised and answered in this study.
Simple percentage, mean and standard deviation statistical
tools were used to analyse the gathered information.
Findings show that, socioeconomic factors (poverty,
unemployment and lack of education), gender-based
violent, family dynamics and mental health issues
significantly influence female criminal behaviour. Also,
societal expectations and gender stereo types perpetuate
female involvement in crime. Female criminality is a threat
to the security of a nation and a major factor associated with
underdevelopment because it reduces the quality of life,
destroys human and social capital and damages
relationship between citizens and the states and
discourages both local and foreign investments. The
findings highlight the need for gender-sensitive
rehabilitation programs, addressing the unique challenges
and experiences of female offenders. Policies and practices
within correctional institutions must prioritize gender-
responsive programming, ensuring that resources and
support systems are tailored to address the specific
c i r c u m s t a n c e s o f f e m a l e i n m a t e s . T h e s t u d y ' s
recommendations aim to inform evidence-based policies
and practices, reducing recidivism and promoting
successful reintegration of female inmates into Nigeria
society.
Language Education and the Future: Problems and Prospects
Authors: Bdliya Idrisa
Published: January 2025

The recent COVID 19 pandemic has exposed a great challenge in the
world of learning and communication. According to UNESCO data,
School closure in March 2020 affected about 80% of the student
population in the world, as during the pandemic, the only tool to allow the
continuation of education has been online teaching both in formal and informal
education. The pandemic has no doubt accelerated deep transformations in
teaching and learning. Online learning will not replace educational institutions
as we have come to know them, but it is destined to increasingly shape the future
of the education industry. The paper concludes that considering all the potential
benefits of a fully developed virtual classroom, a positive vision of the future of
language learning and teaching will be more authentic, decentralized,
distributed, democratized and accessible to all.
The Impact of Cultural and Socioeconomic Factors on Parental Monitoring, Parental Social Media Use, and Children's Perceptions of Social Media
Authors: Asif Muhammad , Ali Majid
Published: January 2025

The impact of cultural and socioeconomic factors on parental monitoring,
parental social media use, and children's perceptions of social media is a
rapidly evolving and important area of research. This mini-review aims
to synthesize and summarize the existing literature on this topic, with a focus on
the novelty of the findings. The rapid pace of technological change and the
increasing role of social media in children's lives has created new challenges and
opportunities for parents and educators, and understanding the impact of
cultural and socioeconomic factors on these relationships is critical for
promoting safe and positive social media use among children. This review
highlights the importance of considering cultural and socioeconomic diversity
in the development of effective parenting and educational strategies, and
underscores the far -reaching implications of social media use for children's well-
being, including their mental health, social development, and academic success.
The multidisciplinary perspective provided by this mini-review underscores the
importance of continued research in this area.
Laboratory animal science and experimentation in India : Review of the last decade
Authors: S S Y H Qadri
Published: January 2025

Ever since the revival of the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals  Act (1960 )in 1998, the law was amended and implemented  with renewed vigor, the animal welfare and laboratory animal  experimentation has seen a major change. The strict imple mentation of the law during the early part of the decade led  to the spilling of skeletons from cupboards of some very well  known and established institutions in India. The implemen tation of the law not only revealed the lack of basic facilities  and poor and unhygienic conditions in animal facilities, it also  revealed the laid back attitude of those who were responsible.  The increase in awareness that was achieved through the  animal welfare movement in India was enormous. It has  led to the improvement of laboratory animal facilities in  several institutions and the commissioning and constitution  of Institutional Animal Ethics Committees (IAEC) in all  the CPCSEA (Committee for the Purpose of Control and  Supervision of Experiments on Animals), Animal Welfare  Division, Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government  of India, registered organizations. The IAEC is in turn playing  a major role in improving the welfare of the animals used  for experiments. Nevertheless, the improvement of animal  facilities in the Pharmaceutical industry and the Contract  Research Organizations (CRO) to this day are driven more  by the need to attract and capture business than a true change  in the heart for the welfare of animals. The race for acquiring  Good Laboratory Practices and Association for Assessment  and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care International  (AAALAC International) accreditation in the private industry,  and the contrasting laid back attitude in the Government sector  as was evident before 1998 is a clear indication of this fact.  It may also be considered here that the threat of the law and  negative public opinion has played a significant effect on the  Government Institutions and several of them did release funds  and have improved the animal facilities in their respective  organizations.
Care, breeding and management of laboratory zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: K N Kohale
Published: January 2025

During the past few decades, zebrafish has gained respectable popularity as a vertebrate animal model in  modern biology research. Several biological features inherited in zebrafish have invited attention of scientific  community to use them in genetics and developmental biology research to substitute laboratory mouse. The  origin of the laboratory zebrafish is traced to Ganges in East India and Burma, a fresh water fish found in  slow stream and rice paddy. The zebrafish can easily adopt laboratory conditions and breed very well even in  fluctuating environmental conditions. In research laboratory, zebrafish can be reared in less expensive glass  aquarium or using more advance recirculating water system. The recirculating water system has many inbuilt  features which help to provide optimum physical environment necessary for rearing fish in the healthy condi tions. In the present paper, attempts have been made to compile brief information about zebrafish breeding,  embryo & larval culture, feeding, water quality control, physical environment and fish health monitoring  necessary for rearing zebrafish in the research laboratory.