bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Confirmatory Factor Analysis: User Behavior M-Commerce Gamification Service in Indonesia
Authors: Rakhmanita Ani , Hurriyati Ratih , Gaffar Vanessa , Adi wibowo Lili
Published: July 2022

Gamification of marketing is a fast-growing phenomenon and an innovation for mobile marketing. Gamification is a strategy for increasing the attractiveness of mobile consumers to encourage increased shopping behavior, loyalty, engagement, and product advocacy. Understanding the factors behind the use of gamification services in m-commerce is very interesting, and no one has done any research. This study investigates the theory of self-determination (competence, autonomy, and relatedness) and extrinsic motivation as a predictor of the use of m-commerce gamification services. Data was collected from 400 respondents who had experienced using gamification services on m-commerce. The data was then included in the analysis. Analysis of the data using confirmatory factor analysis to determine the dominant factors of gamification service users. The benefits of factor analysis confirm the dominant factors that motivate users of gamification services in m-commerce. Researchers use AMOS 18 for Windows software to assist in the data processing. The results show that extrinsic motivation is the dominant factor that motivates users of gamification services. This finding provides insight for m-commerce companies and game designers to improve gamification mechanisms based on virtual points to motivate users to be more active and continue using gamification services. For the next research, it is possible to validate the construct by using other theoretical approaches, such as adding flow theory to measure the motivational factors of gamification service users. The research object can use other applications, such as gamification services in health, education, and banking applications.
Data Clustering for Identification of Building Conditions Using Hybrid Multivariate Multinominal Distribution Soft Set (MMDS) Method
Authors: Saedudin Rohmat , Riyadi Yanto Iwan Tri , Budiono Avon , Novita Sari Sely , Mat Deris Mustafa , Senan Norhalina
Published: July 2022

Identifying building conditions for user safety is an urgent matter, especially in earthquake-prone areas. Clustering buildings according to their conditions in the categories of danger, vulnerable, normal, and safe is important information for residents and the government to take further action. This study introduces a new method, namely hybrid multivariate multinomial distribution with the softest (MMDS) in working on the process of clustering building conditions into the most appropriate category and comparable to the condition data presented in the building data set. Research using the MMDS method is very important to map the condition of existing buildings in an area supported by available data sets. The results of the measurements carried out can provide information related to the building index and were clustered based on the index value of the condition of the building. The dataset used in this study is data on school buildings in the West Java region. There are 286 school building data with four condition parameters: foundation, concrete reinforcement, easel pole, and roof. From existing data and defined condition parameters, buildings can be classified accurately and in proportion to the facts on the ground. This study also compared the proposed method, MMDS, with the baseline method, namely Fuzzy Centroid Clustering (FCC) and Fuzzy k-means Clustering (FKC). The results show that the proposed method is superior to the baseline method with a faster processing time
An Intrusion Detection System Using SDAE to Enhance Dimensional Reduction in Machine Learning
Authors: Hanafi Hanafi , Muhammad Alva Hendi , Verawati Ike , Hardi Richki
Published: July 2022

In the last decade, the number of attacks on the internet has grown significantly, and the types of attacks vary widely. This causes huge financial losses in various institutions such as the private and government sectors. One of the efforts to deal with this problem is by early detection of attacks, often called IDS (instruction detection system). The intrusion detection system was deactivated. An Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is a hardware or software mechanism that monitors the Internet for malicious attacks. It can scan the internetwork for potentially dangerous behavior or security threats. IDS is responsible for maintaining network activity under the Network-Based Intrusion Detection System (NIDS) or Host-Based Intrusion Detection System (HIDS). IDS works by comparing known normal network activity signatures with attack activity signatures. In this research, a dimensional reduction and feature selection mechanism called Stack Denoising Auto Encoder (SDAE) succeeded in increasing the effectiveness of Naive Bayes, KNN, Decision Tree, and SVM. The researchers evaluated the performance using evaluation metrics with a confusion matrix, accuracy, recall, and F1-score. Compared with the results of previous works in the IDS field, our model increased the effectiveness to more than 2% in NSL-KDD Dataset, including in binary class and multi-class evaluation methods. Moreover, using SDAE also improved traditional machine learning with modern deep learning such as Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). In the future, it is possible to integrate SDAE with a deep learning model to enhance the effectiveness of IDS detection
Development of Early Startup Companies' Valuation Model Based on Android Mobile Application: The Angel Investor's Perspective
Authors: Candra Sari Ratna , Wahyu Dewanti Patriani , Fajar M. Andryzal , Priantinah Denies , Pranesti Arin
Published: July 2022

This research aims to develop a valuation model for early startup companies based on an Android mobile application (Valuasi app). This application aims to help early startups to evaluate their company performance. This research method uses the research development method. The first stage is to develop a startup valuation model by determining the criteria using the multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) method and weighting the criteria using the simple additive weighting (SAW) method. The instrument and the weight determination of the valuation model have been validated from the perspective of angel investors, practitioners, and academics. The second stage is developing an Android-based startup valuation model application. The third stage is an evaluation by the users of the application. Using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model, the results show that a potential user's intent to use the application is affected by the performance expectancy and social influence toward the application. This valuation model is expected to help early startup companies conduct business valuations, so they can attract investors, especially angel investors. In addition, the results showed that there was a positive response from users in using the 'Valuasi app', which was indicated by the positive and significant effect of performance expectations on usage intentions, and a positive and significant influence on social influence and behavioral intentions on user behavior. This research shows that 'Valuasi app' can be used to assess start up valuation. However, further improvements are needed to support application facilities so as to increase the ease of using the "Start Up Valuation App" application
Performance Evaluation of Successive Interference Cancellation on Gain Ratio Power Allocation using Underwater Visible Light Communication Channel
Authors: Nur'Adli Luthfi , Fahmi Arfianto , Pamukti Brian
Published: July 2022

Underwater Visible light communication (UVLC) is a network communication wirelessly where information is transmitted employing light through visible waves; in this case, the light source comes from a light-emitting diode (LED) as a transmitter underwater. VLC has several advantages over radio frequency technology, such as safer communication because light propagation cannot penetrate the wall, so it is difficult to do hacking, easy to get a license, relatively build cheap cost, and has no side effects on health. However, VLC has several limitations, one of which is the narrow bandwidth modulation. VLC undergoes a distribution of modulated bandwidth to allocate against each user. This bandwidth sharing has an impact on reduced system capacity. This study applied non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) to increase system capacity. This research analyzes the performance of the two best power allocation methods in a water medium, including gain ratio power allocation (GRPA) and static power allocation (SPA). In the results obtained in the NOMA-UVLC power allocation value, GRPA is more stable than SPA power allocation. Then applying residue in the successive interference cancellation (SIC) process will result in a decrease in system capacity compared to no residue in the SIC process. This study found that the GRPA power allocation is more stable in capacity performance compared to the application of SPA power allocation. Average capacity increase of 48.5% in GRPA power allocation
A Blockchain-based Halal Certificate Recording and Verification Prototype
Authors: Gde Agung Anak Agung , Nugroho Heru , Hendriyanto Robbi
Published: July 2022

Halal certification assures that a product or a service has been created, processed, and delivered according to Islamic laws. Currently, the certificate is printed on a security paper and includes a QR code that can be used to verify the certificate online. However, there are some problems with the ongoing certificate verification process. The verification site is centralized, creating a single point of failure. The current verification system is also unable to detect the modified printed certificate. The research aims to propose an alternative halal certificate recording and verification system. A smart contract that runs on the Ethereum blockchain is developed and deployed for that purpose. As a result, the average certificate creation cost is US$20.035, and the process requires 5.75 seconds, while verification is free, and the result can be obtained in about one second. Utilizing the blockchain to store and verify the halal certificate increases trust in the product or service since once the data is stored, it cannot be changed and accessible to the public. Nodes around the world replicate the blockchain to ensure service availability. For future consideration, the system can be extended to automate and track the halal application process and integrated as an alternative to the current system by implementing multiple signatures in the smart contract for each party. Furthermore, the system can be integrated with a peer-to-peer sharing system such as IPFS to store the digital certificate
Design Thinking Approach for User Interface Design and User Experience on Campus Academic Information Systems
Authors: Darmawan Irfan , Saiful Anwar Muhammad , Rahmatulloh Alam , Sulastri Heni
Published: July 2022

Abstractâ€”Currently, an academic system with structured data is needed for all lecture institutions, especially universities in Indonesia, Siliwangi University, with its academic system, namely the Campus Academic Information System (SIMAK). Over time, complaints from the visual aspect and user experience that did not keep up with the times became a new problem for SIMAK with student access rights. Therefore, the UI/UX aspect in developing an application is vital in accessing the available features. In this study, the method applied is Design Thinking to develop SIMAK WEB and SIMAK MOBILE application designs according to the data and input obtained from users. The research stages include Empathize, Define, Ideate, Prototype, and Test. The final result is user testing from expert users with ten examiners, each producing a success rate percentage of 100% for SIMAK WEB and a percentage of 90% for SIMAK MOBILE. In addition, the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ) assessment from the same expert user plus end-users of 39 respondents and 33 respondents for web and mobile respectively increased 6 UEQ scales, namely Attractiveness, Clarity, Efficiency, Accuracy, Stimulation and lastly especially Novelty which has an increase of 5.286 and 5.264 from the initial value of -0.880. The Novelty scale is the only scale with a negative impression initially and was successfully evaluated in this study with a good score. The implication for further research is that an in-depth study and application of unique methods regarding the conversion of designs into prototype form is necessary so that coding can run smoothly.Â Keywordsâ€” Design Thinking, Campus Academic System, User Experience, User Experience Questionnaire, User Interface
Kementerian (al-Wizarah): Konsepsi dan Perkembangannya dalam Islam
Authors: Adha Ahmad Faizal
Published: July 2022

Tulisan akan membahas pandangan Islam tentang Kementerian (al-wizarah), dimulai dari definisi, dalil-dalil pensyari’atannya, sejarah dan perkembangannya. Terkait sejarah dan perkembangannya, penulis hanya akan menyoroti dari masa Nabi Muhammad SAW hingga masa Dinasti Abbasiyah. Dari tulisan ini disimpulkan bahwa Alquran dan sejarah kenabian telah menunjukkan konsep seminal tentang kementerian (al-Wizarah). Konsepsi kementerian (al-wizarah) dalam Islam, sejatinya merujuk pada makna linguistik, dan pandangan Alquran (quranic worldview), yaitu sebagai penolong, atau pembantu pemimpin (imam atau khalifah) dalam mengurus kepemerintahan. Dalam catatan sejarah Islam (khusus dari zaman Nabi hingga Abbasiyah), terlihat kementerian telah mengalami pengembangan baik secara kelembagaan, fungsi dan perannya. Dilihat dari fungsi dan perannya, al-Wizarah dalam sejarah peradaban Islam memiliki dua bentuk yaitu Wizarah at-tafwid (Kementerian Eksekutif) dan Wizarah at-tanfidhi (Kementerian Mandataris).  
Barriers Affecting the Effectiveness of Digital Literacy Training Programs (DLTPs) for Marginalised Populations: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors:   Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jawahar Lal Nehru Marg, Jaipur - 302017 (Rajasthan), INDIA, Heena Choudhary , Nidhi Bansal ,   Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jawahar Lal Nehru Marg, Jaipur - 302017 (Rajasthan), INDIA
Published: July 2022

The governments and private sectors have taken several national or regional digital literacy training programs (DLTPs) to mitigate digital inequalities. However, there are noticeable differences in impact and outcomes produced by programs. Since digital literacy is essential for any technical vocational education and training (TVET), this study explores possible barriers influencing the effectiveness of DLTPs at different level levels. Relevant publications were synthesized and coded using a systematic literature review to link main research findings with specific barrier categories. It was found that at the administrative level, policy planning and administrative designing, whereas at the training level, infrastructure followed by training and pedagogy emerged as the most critical determinants for the effectiveness of DLTPs. At an individual level, lack of family support significantly affect learning behaviour. A strategic model for the effective implementation of DLTPs is provided. This study constitutes an essential input for research on the digital literacy training literature providing educators and program stakeholders with a reinforced understanding of various ways to manage DLTPs at different levels. Consequently, it closes some identified knowledge gaps and offers additional insights to improve the DLTPs performance at the community level.
Repair in a task-oriented chatbot, and the question of communication skills for AI
Authors: DIPPOLD DORIS
Published: July 2022

Repair describes the process through which participants in conversation address problems in speaking, understanding, and hearing. In interactions with AI-driven chatbots, repair helps users clarify their intents and addresses problems in understanding intent experienced by chatbots. This paper represents the first attempt to describe repair strategies in a task-oriented text-based chatbot from a user-centred perspective. It is based on the analysis of simulated user interactions with a chatbot facilitating health appointment bookings. The analysis shows that the self-repair strategies which users draw on most frequently (e.g. rephrasing) are not necessarily the ones which prompt the bot to provide relevant responses, whereas more successful self-repair strategies (e.g. restating the intent) tend to be more opaque to users and thus used relatively infrequently. This suggest that the notion of communicative competence needs to be re-thought for conversational AI and that communication skills for AI need to be taught explicitly. 
Investigating commercial construct of TikTok influencers
Authors: Hogsnes Mathilde , Grønli Tor-Morten , Hansen Kjeld
Published: July 2022

This paper investigates how commercial products and services are integrated into Scandinavian TikTok influencers content practices. In our preliminary results, presented in this preprint, we offer a descriptive overview of the extent to which Scandinavian TikTok influencers’ videos are commercially constructed and comment on the narratives used in their commercial videos. We conducted a netnographic content analysis of 1,390 TikTok videos posted by Scandinavian TikTok influencers. 
SOBRE LA CUESTIÓN DE RUSSELL 'EL ACTUAL REY DE FRANCIA NO ES CALVO'
Authors: Matus Alejandro
Published: July 2022

Russell plantea como enigma a resolver la verdad o falsedad de la expresión "El actual rey de Francia no es calvo" en relación con el principio del tercero excluido. Y ofrece su propuesta de solución con una teoría de la denotación caracterizada por una excesiva complicación, según él mismo hace ver. Argumentamos que existe una salida lógica natural más simple, basada en el análisis estricto de los contradictorios y contrarios de una proposición, y de sus disyunciones exclusivas.
Mothers’ Nonstandard Work Schedules and Children’s Behavior Problems: Divergent Patterns by Maternal Education
Authors: Wang Jia
Published: July 2022

Increasing evidence has demonstrated that nonstandard work schedules are more prevalent among the less-educated population, and mothers’ nonstandard work schedules have adverse influences on children’s development. Yet, we have known relatively little about how such impacts differ across the educational distribution. Analyses using the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study revealed that mothers’ nonstandard work schedules were associated with increased behavior problems among children, which was consistent across types of nonstandard schedules. Moreover, a “pattern of disadvantage” existed because such relationships were primarily limited to children born to mothers without high school education, a “truly disadvantaged” group in the contemporary United States. Comparisons in mothers’ well-being and family dynamics across educational groups suggested that the least-educated mothers not only had worse physical and mental health but also experienced elevated work-family conflicts on multiple dimensions. Decomposition analyses indicated that these intermediary pathways could account for a relatively small proportion of adverse influences of nonstandard work schedules among children of mothers without high school education. These findings suggest that children born to the least-educated mothers experience compounded disadvantages that may reinforce the intergenerational transmission of disadvantages and “diverging destinies” of American children.
SISTEM PEMERINTAH DAN PEMBENTUKAN DAERAH DALAM MEWUJUDKAN MANAJEMEN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA DAN APARATUR YANG BERSIH DAN PROFESIONAL
Authors: Janna Miftahul
Published: July 2022

Sistem presidensial Indonesia saat ini mensyaratkan adanya pemisahan kekuasaan eksekutif, legislatif dan yudikatif sebagai perwujudan checks and balances. Ketentuan ini telah tertuang dalam konstitusi, namun diperlukan langkah penyempurnaan, terutama pengaturan pembatasan kekuasaan dan wewenang yang jelas antara ketiga kekuasaan tersebut. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode normatif yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan membahas berbagai teori dan praktik tentang pelaksanaan sistem pemerintahan Indonesia. Secara teoritis kewenangan lembaga-lembaga negara di Indonesia mengarah pada sistem pemerintahan presidensiil, namun faktanya tidak tercermin bahwa sistem pemerintahan Indonesia menganut pemisahan kekuasaan yang ada dalam sistem pemerintahan presidensil. Melainkan, sistem tersebut cenderung pada pembagian kekuasaan. Tuisan ini berisi rekomendasi tentang perlunya upaya penyempurnaan agar sistem pemerintahan secara konsep dan praktik dapat berjalan secara ideal.
PENGARUH PENGENDALIAN INTERNAL DAN KOMPENSASI TERHADAP KECENDERUNGAN KECURANGAN AKUNTANSI PADA PERUSAHAAN RITEL
Authors: Publishing Cendekia
Published: July 2022

Kecurangan akuntansi telah berkembang di berbagai negara, termasuk di Indonesia. Di USA kecurangan akuntansi telah berkembang secara luas. Spathis (2002) menjelaskan bahwa di USA kecurangan akuntansi menimbulkan kerugian yang sangat besar di hampir seluruh industri. Kerugian dari kecurangan akuntansi di pasar modal adalah menurunnya akuntabilitas manajemen dan membuat para pemegang saham meningkatkan biaya monitoring terhadap manajemen. Pada umumnya kecurangan akuntansi berkaitan dengan korupsi. Dalam korupsi, tindakan yang lazim dilakukan diantaranya adalah memanipulasi pencatatan, penghilangan dokumen, dan mark-up yang merugikan keuangan negara atau perekonomian negara. Tindakan ini merupakan bentuk kecurangan akuntansi. Indonesia termasuk negara dengan peringkat korupsi tertinggi di dunia (Transparancy International, 2005). Di Indonesia, kecurangan akuntansi dibuktikan dengan adanya likuidasi beberapa bank, diajukannya manajemen BUMN dan swasta ke pengadilan, kasus kejahatan perbankan, manipulasi pajak, korupsi di komisi penyelenggara pemilu, dan DPRD. Meski kecurangan akuntansi diduga sudah menahun, namun di Indoonesia belum terdapat kajian teoritis dan empiris secara komprehensif. Oleh karenanya fenomena ini tidak cukup hanya dikaji oleh ilmu akuntansi, tetapi perlu malibatkan disiplin ilmu yang lain.
Who benefits most? Interactions between personality traits and outcomes of four incremental meditation and yoga treatments
Authors: Matko Karin , Berghöfer Anne , Jeitler Michael , Sedlmeier Peter , Bringmann Holger Carl
Published: July 2022

Mind-Body Medicine (MBM) includes a broad range of interventions of proven pre-ventive and clinical value, such as yoga and meditation. However, people differ in their preferences and response to different MBM treatments, and it remains unclear who bene-fits most from what type of practice. Thus, finding moderators of treatment outcome seems to be a promising approach. This was the aim of the present study. We conducted a single-case multiple-baseline study investigating the outcomes and moderators of four different MBM treatments. Fifty-seven healthy participants with no prior experience were randomly assigned to three baselines (7, 14, and 21 days) and four eight-week treatments: mantra meditation alone, meditation plus physical yoga, meditation plus ethical education, and meditation plus yoga and ethical education. We analysed the data using effect size estima-tion, multiple regression and cluster analyses. High anxiety, high absorption, low spirituali-ty, low openness and younger age were associated with a range of positive outcomes, such as increased well-being or decentering and decreased mind-wandering. Receiving ethical education consistently improved well-being, while engaging in physical yoga reduced mind-wandering. In the cluster analysis, we found that participants with a more maladaptive per-sonality structure enhanced their emotion regulation skills more. Consequently, people do differ in their response to MBM interventions and more vulnerable people, or those high in absorption, seem to benefit more. These findings could guide the development of custom-tailored MBM interventions and help clinicians to make scientifically sound recommenda-tions for their patients.
Sense of Agency and the Obedient Mind: How forcing people to harm others reduces the temporal binding of actions and outcomes
Authors: Akyüz Nil , Marien Hans , Stok Marijn , Driessen Josi Maria Anna , Aarts Henk , de Wit John
Published: July 2022

Background: Building on Milgram’s obedience research (Milgram, 1963), previous research suggests that coerced (vs. free choice) actions to harm others reduces the sense of agency, as measured by the temporal binding of actions and outcomes (Caspar et al., 2016). This evidence for the relation between coercion and sense of agency was collected in a real life setting in which offender and victim took turns and were free or forced by the experimenter to harm each other or not by giving shocks or taking their money away. In the present study, we investigated these findings further by using a videotelephone task-setting that followed the original Milgram setup, according to which one participant takes the role of offender and the other the role of victim. The offender was instructed by the voice of the experimenter to take money away from the other participant who was not visible to the offender.Method: In a Microsoft TEAMS setup, participants interacted with each other in the presence of the experimenter, and were then randomly assigned to the role of offender or victim. Next, the offender was told that they could harm the other person by taking money away from their wallet in order to increase their own payoff. At that moment, the victim left the interaction, and the experimenter was only present by voice. Participants could either freely decide to harm the other person or not or they were instructed by the experimenter on a trial-by-trial basis. Each action was followed by an auditory stimulus that indicated the result of their action and time interval estimation between action and tone was assessed that served as a measure of temporal binding. Results and conclusion: First, participants clearly preferred not harming over harming the victim. In line with previous research, temporal binding between their action and resulting consequence was weaker for coerced than for free choices, suggesting that Sense of Agency was attenuated. There was no two-way interaction between choice and harm, suggesting that the effects of coercion on the sense of agency were comparable for harm and no-harm consequences. To conclude: Forcing someone to punish another person in online communication settings without a reciprocal relationship between offender and victim decreases Sense of Agency compared to being free to do so. These effects concur with Milgram’s notion of ‘agentic shift’ (Milgram, 1974; see also Fennis & Aarts, 2012), according to which coercion and loss of autonomy make people feel to be no longer the author of their own actions.
EMPOWER in Daily Life: A Qualitative Investigation of End User Experience of a blended digital intervention for relapse prevention in schizophrenia in a cluster randomised controlled feasibility trial.
Authors: Allan Stephanie , Beedie Sara , McLeod Hamish J. , Farhall John , Gleeson John , Bradstreet Simon , Morton Emma , Bell Imogen , Wilson-Kay Alison , Whitehill Helen , Matrunola Claire , Thomson David , Clark Andrea , Gumley Andrew Ian
Published: July 2022

Objectives: To study the end-user experiences of participants randomised to receive a blended digital intervention for relapse prevention in schizophrenia in the context of a cluster randomised controlled feasibility trial.Design: A qualitative interview design with thematic analysis was used.Method: A subsample of EMPOWER participants comprising 16 patients, 5 mental health staff and one carer were interviewed one-on-one.Results: Two overarching themes were constructed that were relevant for understanding end-user experiences within the EMPOWER trial: Affordances and Change Processes. Affordances described the processes underpinning how and why participants interacted with or avoided the various components of the intervention. Affordances spanned all EMPOWER components, including self-monitoring, peer support workers, clinical triaging, self-management messages and diary function. The affordances were Access to Social Connection, Access to Digital, Access to Mental Health Support, the Ability to Gauge Mental Health and Access to Mental Health Information. The affordances framework helped explain the multitude of engagement trajectories featured within the qualitative interviews. If participants sustained usage, affordances acted as a springboard for change processes, including increased self-confidence that patients could self-manage, noticing patterns and changes, and using EMPOWER as a conversation starter.Conclusions: The implementation process of EMPOWER was emergent and was best described by the intervention offering a range of affordances which could act as implementation barriers or facilitators depending on individual needs and wants. Affordances may present a sound theoretical framework for explaining end-user experiences.
Cognitive flexibility: neurobehavioural correlates of changing one's mind
Authors: Zühlsdorff Katharina , Dalley Jeffrey W. , Robbins Trevor William , Morein Sharon
Published: July 2022

Behavioural and cognitive flexibility allow adaptation to a changing environment. Most tasks used to investigate flexibility require switching reactively in response to deterministic task-response rules. In daily life, flexibility often involves a volitional decision to change behaviour. This can be instigated by environmental signals, but these are frequently unreliable. We report results from a novel ‘change your mind’ task, which assesses volitional switching under uncertainty, without the need for rule-based learning. Participants completed a two-alternative choice task and following spurious feedback, were presented with the same stimulus again. Subjects had the opportunity to repeat or change their response. Forty healthy participants completed the task whilst undergoing a functional MRI scan. Participants predominantly repeated their choice but changed more when their first response was incorrect or when feedback was negative. Greater activations for changing were found in the inferior frontal junction, anterior insula, anterior cingulate and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Changing responses were also accompanied by reduced connectivity from the anterior insula and orbitofrontal cortices to the occipital cortex. Using multivariate pattern analysis of brain activity, we predicted with 77% reliability whether participants would change their mind. These findings extend our understanding of cognitive flexibility in daily life by assessing volitional decision-making.
Stimulus awareness is necessary for both instrumental learning and instrumental responding to previously learned stimuli
Authors: Skora Lina , Scott Ryan Bradley
Published: July 2022

Instrumental conditioning is a crucial part of adaptive behaviour, allowing agents to selectively interact with stimuli in their environment to maximise benefit and minimise harm. Recently accumulating evidence suggests that instrumental conditioning, such as learning to approach/avoid, cannot proceed without conscious awareness of the stimuli. However, while unconscious instrumental conditioning may not be possible, whether accurate unconscious instrumental responding can emerge from consciously acquired knowledge of the stimulus-action-outcome contingencies is unknown. Here, we studied this question using instrumental trace conditioning, where participants learned to make approach/avoid decisions in response to reward- and punishment-predictive stimuli, in two within-subject modes: conscious (with the stimuli in plain view) and unconscious (visually masked). Both tasks were followed by an unconscious-only instrumental performance task. We show that even when the contingencies are reliably learned in the conscious mode, participants fail to act upon them instrumentally in the unconscious responding task. We also replicate the previous results that no instrumental learning occurs in the unconscious mode. Consequently, the absence of conscious awareness of the stimuli in the environment not only precludes instrumental conditioning, but also precludes any kind of instrumental responding to already known stimuli. This suggests that instrumental behaviour is entirely supported by conscious awareness of the world, and corroborates the proposals that consciousness may be necessary for adaptive behaviours requiring selective action.
Temporal dynamics of depressive symptomatology: An idiographic time series analysis applying network models to patients with depressive disorders
Authors: Siepe Björn , Sander Christian , Schultze Martin , Kliem Andreas , Ludwig Sascha , Hegerl Ulrich , Reich de Paredes Hanna
Published: July 2022

Background: As phenotypes of depressive disorders (DD) are highly heterogenous, a growing number of studies investigate person-specific associations of depressive symptoms in time series data. Most available methods for estimating applicable models rely on the assumption that the associations between variables stay constant over time, which can be unrealistic in clinical contexts. To circumvent this limitation, we used a recently developed technique to estimate time-varying vector autoregressive models. Methods: In daily diary data of 20 participants with DD with a mean length of 274 days (SD = 82.4, range = 154-539), we modeled idiographic associations between core depressive symptoms, rumination, sleep, and quantity and quality of social contacts as idiographic time-varying dynamical networks. Results: Resulting models showed marked inter- as well as intraindividual differences. For some participants, associations between variables changed fast over time, whereas for others they showed more stability. Our results further indicated nonstationarity in all time series. Discussion: Idiographic symptom networks of depression can be of interest to clinicians and researchers as they can capture changes over time and provide detailed insights into the temporal course of mental disorders. Whilst the assumption of stationarity can hinder insights into important change processes, time-varying network models are a promising approach. We discuss limitations, their possible solutions, and recommendations for further use of the modeling technique.
The Invisible Hand as an Intuitive Sociological Explanation
Authors: Jonušaitė Izabelė , Ullman Tomer David
Published: July 2022

The invisible hand is a type of explanation, often used in the social sciences and economics. An invisible-hand explanation accounts for a state of affairs as the emergent outcome of individual actions, without the individuals intending the explained phenomenon. Invisible-hand explanations have been used in formal settings to account for a variety of phenomena, from segregation to traffic norms. But, they have not been studied cognitively and empirically as an intuitive explanation type. Here, we propose and show that people intuitively prefer invisible-hand explanations over intentional-design explanations. We first establish that given pairs of explanations are equally likely to cause a social phenomenon (equal likelihood ratio). We then show that in a paired hypothesis question, people prefer an invisible-hand to an intentional-design explanation (posterior odds favor invisible hand). Given this, we conclude that people have a prior preference for invisible-hand explanations. We additionally examine individual differences in this prior preference, showing a small-but-significant relationship between a preference for intentional-design explanations, and conspiratorial beliefs.
Are Moral People Happier? Answers from Reputation-Based Measures of Moral Character
Authors: Sun Jessie , Wu Wen , Goodwin Geoffrey
Published: July 2022

Philosophers have long debated whether moral virtue contributes to happiness, or whether morality and happiness are in conflict. Yet, little empirical research addresses this question. Here, we examined the association between reputation-based measures of everyday moral character (operationalized as a composite of widely accepted moral virtues such as compassion, honesty, and fairness) and self-reported well-being across two cultures. In Study 1, close others reported on U.S. undergraduate students’ moral character (two samples; Ns = 221/228). In Study 2, Chinese employees (N = 711) reported on their coworkers’ moral character and their own well-being. To better sample the moral extremes, in Study 3, U.S. participants nominated “targets” who were among the most moral, least moral, and morally average people they personally knew. Targets (N = 281) self-reported their well-being and nominated informants who provided a second, continuous measure of the targets’ moral character. These studies showed that those who are more moral in the eyes of close others, coworkers, and acquaintances generally experience a greater sense of subjective well-being and meaning in life. These associations were generally robust when controlling for key demographic variables (including religiosity) and informant-reported liking. There were no significant differences in the strength of the associations between moral character and well-being across two major subdimensions of both moral character (kindness and integrity) and well-being (subjective well-being and meaning in life). Together, these studies provide the most comprehensive evidence to date of a positive and general association between everyday moral character and well-being.
Seven Decades of Gender Differences in German Voting Behavior
Authors: Hudde Ansgar
Published: July 2022

This article describes long-term changes in gender differences in voting behavior in Germany, using a globally unique data source: information from real ballots. Compared to self-reports in available surveys, actual votes counted by gender and age groups have three advantages: neither representativeness issues nor social desirability bias, a huge sample, and coverage of seven decades, beginning in 1953. Besides party-specific voting patterns, I analyze summary measures for gender dissimilarities, both overall and separated by age groups. The modern gender gap – women being more left-wing than men – first appeared in Germany in the 2017 election, surprisingly late compared to previous international research. The speed and structure with which the modern gender gap grew suggest that it is due to period effects rather than cohort effects. The modern gender gap differs by age group and, in post-World War II-Germany, women and men have never been as divided about politics as the youngest voters in 2021. These findings partly contrast previous survey-based results. To explore whether this contrast stems from the smaller sample sizes of previous studies or gendered survey bias (e.g. more social desirability bias among women), I compare results from real ballots to estimates from two survey data sources. Findings suggest that large surveys provide reasonable estimates at the aggregate level but may overestimate the gender gap for more radical parties such as the AfD.
A brief history of Japanese popular culture in Japanese language education: Using ‘manga’ in the classroom
Authors: IIDA Sumiko , Takeyama Yuki
Published: July 2022

This article discusses a history of Japanese popular culture (JPC) located in the broader field of Japanese language education, particularly focusing on ‘manga’. JPC has drawn the public attention of Japanese language educators following an international boom in the consumption of anime and ‘manga’ in the early 2000s. However, looking into JPC and its location in the context of Japanese language education, its history goes further back to the late 1980s and the early 1990s, when ‘manga’ and anime began to be used in classrooms. Despite active attempts using JPC in Japanese language education, research into this field was still inactive until the end of the twentieth century. This article is therefore aimed at connecting classroom practices and research into JPC over time since the late 1980s to look into how JPC in Japanese language education has been viewed and used differently in its trajectory and implies its future direction. The article first critically discusses the early days of JPC, namely ‘manga’ in Japanese language education by reviewing three periodicals of the early to the mid-1990s – Mangajin, Gekkan Nihongo and Nihongo Kyōiku Tsūshin. Second, the article overviews research into ‘manga’/anime and Japanese language education from the late 1980s to early 2010. The results of the analyses imply that the early days of JPC in Japanese language education were triggered by the struggle of the instructors finding teaching resources rather than the motivation of the learners. In contrast, a number of more recent studies of JPC in Japanese language education align with both the learners’ and the teachers’ demands and motivations of daily classroom practice.
Is the Long March a dream? Imagination, nationalism and multiple declination of a real mythology
Authors: Neri Corrado
Published: July 2022

Whilst the historical reality of the Long March is not to be questioned, many voices rise to question its details and the actual meaning of this myth-making page of Chinese history. This article analyses two complementary texts that offer compelling readings on the contemporary renegotiation of the national imaginary that the Long March informs. First, there will be a discussion of Wo de changzheng/My Long March (Zhai, 2005), a propaganda film celebrating the heroic retreat/expedition. This movie – among others – calls attention to the unfading genre of propaganda films that elaborate new and different forms of nation-building imaginary for the twenty-first century. I will later draw a parallel with the contemporary artist Feng Mengbo’s installation Long March: Restart (2009), contextualizing it in the movement of ‘art ludique’ or ‘entertainment art’ (as it has been brilliantly termed by Jean-Jacques Launier and Jean-Samuel Kriegk [2011]), which is both an individual and collective new art form redefining the boundaries between video game and museum, CGI special effects and comic books, and high- and low-brow consumption of cultural imaginary. What is particularly challenging in this parallel is that both the film and the installation could be viewed and appreciated in Beijing. The contemporary presence of both mainstream ‘main melody’ film and (possibly) subversive art, of state-sponsored entertainment and consumerist pleasure-driven art, has reshaped the field of visual culture in contemporary China, far from a clear-cut dichotomy of independent-official–propaganda-dissident.
Performed intermediality and beyond in the BTS music video ‘Idol’: K-Pop idol identities in contemporary Hallyu
Authors: Kim Yeogeun Yonsue
Published: July 2022

The recent music video ‘Idol’ (published 24 August 2018) by South Korean boy band BTS exhibits extensively Korean elements, compared to previous visual presentations of BTS music. This may be because the song ‘Idol’ attempts to explicitly delineate BTS’s identity not only as a musician in general but also as a K-Pop artist, in particular, in the context of Hallyu (the Korean Wave). The music video ‘Idol’ is an effort to visually deal with these twofold difficulties that BTS confronts as a boy band, branded also as an idol group from South Korea. To this end, throughout the music video, intermediality – the interconnectedness of various media practices – is extensively performed to open up the third way to communicate what is yet to be difficult to convey otherwise: BTS’s identity as a K-Pop artist in relation to Hallyu. Intermediality is further stretched to the extent that the nature, to be relevant, the identity of one medium is questioned and its figuration is transformed into another medium. This article examines ways in which intermediality as manifested and performed in the music video ‘Idol’ contributes to this goal by analysing various arts and media demonstrated in a combination of architecture, writings, photographs, drawings, paintings, music and dance.
PENGARUH INTERNET FINANCIAL REPORTING (IFR) DAN TINGKAT PENGUNGKAPAN INFORMASI WEBSITE TERHADAP FREKUENSI PERDAGANGAN SAHAM PADA PERUSAHAAN PERTAMBANGAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI
Authors: Sinaga Ika Misdayanti , Lubis Adelina , Prayudi Ahmad
Published: July 2022

Pertambangan adalah sebagian atau seluruh kegiatan dalam rangka penelitian, pengelolaan dan pengusahaan mineral atau batubara yang meliputi penyelidikan umum, eksplorasi, studi kelayakan, konstruksi, penambangan, pengolahan dan pemurnian, pengangkutan dan penjualan, serta kegiatan pascatambang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh Internet Financial Reporting dan Tingkat Pengungkapan Informasi Website terhadap Frekuensi Perdagangan Saham Perusahaan Pertambangan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah asosiatif kausal yaitu penelitian yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antar satu variabel dengan variabel lainnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh perusahaan pertambangan yang terdaftar di BEI. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 41 perusahaan yang terdaftar di BEI tahun 2016-2018 yang diambil dengan menggunakan beberapa kriteria. Metode analisis data dilakukan dengan regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Internet Financial Reporting dan Tingkat Pengungkapan Informasi Website berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap frekuensi perdagangan saham.
PENGARUH LIKUIDITAS DAN PERTUMBUHAN PENJUALAN TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN PADA PERUSAHAAN TELEKOMUNIKASI YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA TAHUN 2015-2018
Authors: Dewi Weny Cintia , Siregar M. Yamin , Tarigan Eka Dewi Setia
Published: July 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh likuiditas terhadap nilai perusahaan, untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh pertumbuhan penjualan terhadap nilai perusahaan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh likuiditas dan pertumbuhan penjualan terhadap nilai perusahaan pada perusahaan telekomunikasi yang terdaftar di BEI.Populasi pada penelitian ini seluruh Perusahaan Telekomunikasi  Yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek sebanyak 5  perusahaan dan sampel dari penelitian sebanyak 5 perusahaan dengan 4 tahun pengamatan berjumlah 20 sampel. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dokumentasi. Teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Uji Chow-test (Common vs fixed effect), Uji Hausman, Analisis Regresi Berganda Model Panel Data dengan menggunakan Model Efek Tetap (Fixed Effect Model) dan Model Efek Random (Random Effect Model), lalu menggunakan uji asumsi klasik, melakukan uji hipotesis dengan menggunakan uji parsial dan uji simultan sertan menggunakan uji determinan.Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Likuiditas secara parsial berpengaruh dan signifikan terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Pada Perusahaan Telekomunikasi, Pertumbuhan Penjualan secara parsial tidak berpengaruh terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Pada Perusahaan Telekomunikasi dan Likuiditas dan pertumbuhan penjualan secara simultan berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan. Dengan nilai Nilai R-Square adjusted Model sebesar 0.870577. Nilai tersebut dapat likuditas dan pertumbuhan penjualan mampu mempengaruhi atau menjelaskan nilai perusahaan secara simultan atau bersama-sama sebesar 87,05% dan sisanya sebesar 12,95% dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor lain