bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CHANGES IN THE NUMBER OF p23-POSITIVE FIBROBLASTS IN HUMAN DERMIS WITH AGING
Authors: Гунин А.Г. , Голубцова Н.Н.
Published: November 2021

Целью работы стало исследование содержания белка p23 в фибробластах дермы человека от 20 нед беременности до 85 лет, а также определение участия p23 для возрастных изменений численности и пролиферации фибробластов в дерме человека. p23, ядерный антиген пролиферирующих клеток (PCNA), маркер фибробластов виментин выявляли в срезах кожи непрямым иммуногистохимическим методом. В дерме человека от 20 нед беременности до 85 лет наблюдали планомерное увеличение доли фибробластов, имеющих положительную окраску на p23. Возрастное изменение численности p23позитивных фибробластов в дерме достоверно коррелирует с возрастным уменьшением общей численности и доли PCNA-позитивных фибробластов в дерме человека, что свидетельствует об участии p23 в возрастных изменениях общей численности и доли пролиферирующих фибробластов в дерме человека.

The aim of this work was to examine the content of p23 in fibroblasts of human dermis from 20 weeks of pregnancy until 85 years old, and defining of a role of p23 in age-dependent changes in the number and proliferation of fibroblasts in the dermis. p23, proliferating cells nuclear antigen (PCNA), fibroblasts marker vimentin were detected with indirect immunohistochemical technique. Results showed that portion of fibroblasts with positive staining for p23 in the dermis is gradually increased from 20 weeks of pregnancy until 85 years old. Age-related increase in a portion of fibroblasts with positive staining for p23 is significantly correlated with an age-related decrease in total number and percent of PCNA positive fibroblasts in human dermis. Age-related increase in the content of p23 in fibroblasts is involved in an age-dependent decrease in their total number and proliferation in the dermis.
MYOSTATIN - A MODERN UNDERSTANDING OF THE PHYSIOLOGICAL ROLE AND SIGNIFICANCE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGE-ASSOCIATED DISEASES
Authors: Газданова А.А. , Кукес В.Г. , Парфенова О.К. , Сидоров Н.Г. , Перков А.В. , Соловьева С.А. , Рязанцева О.В. , Ленкова Н.И.
Published: November 2021

Миостатин - белок, принадлежащий к классу миокинов, семейству трансформирующих факторов роста β (TGF-β). В обзорной статье, анализирующей данные литературы, показана ключевая роль миостатина в развитии старческой саркопении и кахексии при различных патологических состояниях, таких как рак, ХСН, ХБП, ХОБЛ и др. В статье рассматривается структура миостатина, подробная схема синтеза и его активации, механизм действия как негативного регулятора роста и дифференцировки мышц при этих патологических состояниях. Выделены основные физиологические свойства и клиническое значение. Рассмотрены экзогенные и эндогенные факторы, регулирующие экспрессию миостатина, и возможные механизмы их действия.

Myostatin is a protein belonging to the myokine class, the family of transforming growth factors β (TGF-β). The review article, based on the analysis of literature data, shows the key role of myostatin in the development of senile sarcopenia and cachexia in various pathological conditions, such as cancer, chronic heart failure, chronic renal failure, COPD, etc. The article discusses the structure of myostatin, provides a detailed diagram of the synthesis and activation of myostatin, the ways of implementing the mechanism of action as a negative regulator of muscle growth and differentiation in these pathological conditions. The main physiological properties and clinical significance are highlighted. Exogenous and endogenous factors regulating myostatin expression and possible mechanisms of their action are considered.
ANTIOXIDATIVE PROPERTIES OF GEROPROTECTIVE PEPTIDES
Authors: Козина Л.С. , Арутюнов В.А. , Арутюнян А.В.
Published: November 2021

Приведенные в работе результаты исследований об антиоксидантном действии ряда пептидных препаратов, которое наблюдается на различных уровнях, начиная от клеточного до организма в целом, свидетельствуют о важной роли низкомолекулярных пептидов в механизмах регуляции гомеостаза при старении. Антиоксидантные свойства регуляторных пептидов проявляются в экспериментах как на интактных половозрелых животных, так и особенно наглядно при старении или действии экстремальных факторов внешней среды (гипоксия, гипокинезия). Ряд исследуемых пептидов (AEDG, KE) оказывает мембраностабилизирующее действие, препятствуя осмотическому и кислотному гемолизу эритроцитов и снижая уровень содержания внеэритроцитарного гемоглобина и суммарной пероксидазной активности в плазме крови. Показано, что исследуемые пептиды способны оказывать нейропротекторный эффект путем стабилизации активности ферментов (неприлизин, инсулиндеградирующий фермент), играющих важную роль в катаболизме β-амилоида, и препятствовать его накоплению в мозге. Рассматривается участие регуляторных пептидов, обладающих антиоксидантными свойствами, на экспрессию генов, обеспечивающих стабилизацию митохондриальных мембран, функционирование электрон-транспортной цепи и активность антиоксидантных ферментов.

The results of studies on the antioxidant effect of a number of peptide drugs, which is manifested at various levels, ranging from cells to the whole body, in adulthood and during aging, under the influence of extreme environmental factors, indicate the important role of low-molecular peptides in the mechanisms of regulating homeostasis during aging. The antioxidant properties of regulatory peptides are shown in experiments both on intact sexually mature animals, and especially clearly during aging or the action of extreme environmental factors (hypoxia, hypokinesia). A number of the studied substances (AEDG, KE) have a membrane-stabilizing effect, preventing osmotic and acid hemolysis of red blood cells and reducing the level of extra-erythrocyte hemoglobin and total peroxidase activity in blood plasma. It is shown that the studied peptides are able to have a neuroprotective effect by stabilizing the activity of enzymes (neprilysin, an insulin degrading enzyme) that play an important role in the catabolism of beta-amyloid, and prevent its accumulation in concentrations toxic to cells. The involvement of regulatory peptides with antioxidant properties on the expression of genes that ensure the stabilization of mitochondrial membranes, the functioning of the electron transport chain and the activity of antioxidant enzymes is considered.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF GEROPROTECTIVE AND ANTI-AGING EFFECTS OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OF PORTULACA OLERACEA L. (REVIEW)
Authors: Березуцкий М.А. , Дурнова Н.А. , Шереметьева А.С. , Матвиенко У.А. , Курчатова М.Н.
Published: November 2021

Анализ представленных в обзоре публикаций свидетельствует о том, что экстракт Portulaca oleracea L., а также отдельные его компоненты (полисахариды, олераконы, алкалоид тетрагидроизохинолина - олерацеин Е) способны увеличивать продолжительность жизни лабораторных животных, активировать теломеразу и увеличивать длину теломер, оказывать антиоксидантное и антиостеокластогенное воздействие. Различные нейропротекторные эффекты (улучшение памяти и способности к обучению, ингибирование ацетилхолинэстеразы, защита дофаминергических нейронов, улучшение двигательных функций и другие) представляют интерес для профилактики синдромов, связанных с возрастной деградацией нервной системы, - болезней Альцгеймера и Паркинсона. Кроме того, регулярное употребление портулака огородного в пищу приводит к снижению онкологической и сердечнососудистой заболеваемости, что также напрямую влияет на увеличение средней продолжительности жизни населения.

The analysis presented in the review of publications shows that extract of Portulaca oleracea L. or its individual components (polysaccharides, oleracea, alkaloids tetrahydroisoquinoline operatein E) is able to increase the lifespan of laboratory animals to activate telomerase and increase telomere length, and provide antioxidant and antistaatiline impact. Various neuroprotective effects (improvement of memory and learning ability, inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, protection of dopaminergic neurons, improvement of motor functions, etc.) are of interest for the prevention of syndromes associated with age - related degradation of the nervous system - Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. In addition, regular consumption of vegetable portulaca in food leads to a decrease in the percentage of cancer and cardiovascular diseases, which also directly affects the increase in the average life expectancy of the population.
INFLUENCE OF RISK FACTORS FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES, HISTORY OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES, AND STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE HEART ON 3-YEAR SURVIVAL IN PERSONS 95 YEARS AND OLDER
Authors: Ерусланова К.А. , Лузина А.В. , Онучина Ю.С. , Остапенко В.С. , Шарашкина Н.В. , Котовская Ю.В. , Рунихина Н.К. , Ткачева О.Н.
Published: November 2021

В последние годы появляется все больше работ, посвященных снижению воздействия классических факторов риска, негативно сказывающихся на выживаемости с возрастом. Целью исследования была оценка влияния сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, их факторов риска и структурно-функциональных характеристик сердца на трехлетнюю выживаемость лиц 95 лет и старше. В исследовании участвовали 69 пациентов 95 лет и старше (98±1,9 года), из них 61 (88,4 %) женщина и 8 (11,6 %) мужчин. Через 3 года были получены данные о статусе жизни участников: 25 (36,2 %) были живы и 44 (63,8 %) умерли. По результатам проведенного однофакторного регрессионного анализа было определено, что факторы риска и анамнез сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний не ассоциированы с трехлетней выживаемостью. Однако в трехлетнем периоде риск смерти увеличивался в 3 раза при снижении ДАД <75 мм рт. ст., в 7,8 раза - при снижении ФВ ЛЖ <62 % и в 4,9 раза - при увеличении конечного диастолического размера правого желудочка >2,9 см.

In recent years, more and more works have appeared that with age, classic risk factors that negatively affect the prognosis (cardiovascular diseases) lose their influence on life expectancy. The study aimed to assess the influence of cardiovascular diseases and their risk factors and structural and functional characteristics of the heart on three-year survival in people 95 years and older. The study involved 69 patients 95 years and older (98±1,9 years), 61 (88,4 %) were women. After 36 months, data were obtained on the participants’ status of life: 25 (36,2 %) were alive, and 44 (63,8 %) died. Based on the regression analysis results, it was determined that risk factors and history of cardiovascular diseases were not associated with 3-year survival. With a 3-year follow-up, the risk of death increases three times with a decrease in diastolic blood pressure less than 75 mm/Hg, 7,8 times with a decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction below 62 %, and 4,9 times with an increase in the end-diastolic size of the right ventricle by more than 2,9 cm.
AGE-RELATED ISSUES OF THE QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE MIDDLE RANGE EJECTION FRACTION OF ELDERLY AND SENILE AGE AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF PHARMACOTHERAPY
Authors: Осипова О.А. , Гостева Е.В. , Жернакова Н.И. , Горелик С.Г. , Кузьминов О.М. , Васильева Л.В.
Published: November 2021

В статье рассмотрены вопросы изменения качества жизни лиц пожилого и старческого возраста с ХСН и промежуточной ФВ (ХСНпрФВ) в процессе длительной (12 мес) фармакотерапии. Были обследованы 377 больных, из них 129 - 45-59 лет (средний возраст), 128 - 60-74 лет (пожилой возраст), 120 - 75 лет и старше (старческого возраста). Диагноз устанавливали в соответствии с Рекомендациями по диагностике и лечению ХСН (2013, 2016 г.) Проведена оценка качества жизни по опроснику MLHFQ. Установлено улучшение качества жизни через 12 мес терапии во всех группах больных, но наиболее выраженные результаты получены в старческом возрасте. Максимальное снижение уровня тревоги наблюдали у мужчин средней возрастной категории, у женщин - в пожилом возрасте. В пожилом и старческом возрасте отмечено сопоставимое снижение баллов по шкале депрессии Цунга как у мужчин, так и у женщин.

The article deals with the issues of changing the quality of life of elderly and senile people with chronic heart failure with middle range ejection fraction (CHFmrHF) during long-term (12 months) pharmacotherapy. 377 patients were examined, including 129 people aged 45 to 59 years (middle age), 128 people aged 60 to 74 years (elderly), and 120 people aged over 75 years (senile age). The diagnosis was made in accordance with the Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of CHF (2013, 2016). The quality of life was assessed according to the MLHFQ questionnaire. There was an improvement in the quality of life after 12 months of therapy in all groups of patients, but the most pronounced results were obtained in old age. The maximum decrease in the level of anxiety was observed in men in the middle age group, in women - in the elderly. In the elderly and senile age, there was a comparable decrease in the scores on the Zung depression scale in both men and women.
THE ROLE OF FUNCTIONAL AND INSTRUMENTAL RESEARCH METHODS IN THE DIAGNOSIS AND CONTROL OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE IN THE ELDERLY
Authors: Таютина Т.В. , Лысенко А.В. , Казарян Т.М. , Лысенко Д.С.
Published: November 2021

Более чем у 500 пожилых пациентов с ХОБЛ оценивали частоту применения спиральной КТ легких и эхо-КГ сердца с диагностической целью и для контроля за течением болезни. Проведенное исследование показало, что, несмотря на высокую клиническую значимость показателя ОФВ(объем форсированного выдоха за 1-ю секунду), сам показатель при постановке диагноза ХОБЛ у пожилых пациентов является крайне неспецифичным. Высокая специфичность КТ легких обусловливает необходимость использования данного диагностического метода у пожилых пациентов для выявления морфологических изменений легких при наличии клинических признаков бронхиальной обструкции и отрицательных данных спирометрии. Необходимо усилить роль эхо-КГ при диагностике хронического легочного сердца и стратификации тяжести основного заболевания у пожилых больных ХОБЛ.

In more than 500 elderly patients with COPD, the frequency of spiral computed tomography (SCT) of the lungs and echo-CG of the heart was evaluated for diagnostic purposes and to monitor the course of the disease. The study showed that despite the high clinical significance of the FEV indicator (the volume of forced exhalation in the first second), the indicator itself is extremely non-specific when diagnosing COPD in elderly patients. The high specificity of lung CT makes it necessary to use this diagnostic method in elderly patients to detect morphological changes in the lungs in the presence of clinical signs of bronchial obstruction and negative spirometry data. It is necessary to strengthen the role of echocardiography in the diagnosis of chronic pulmonary heart disease and stratification of the severity of the underlying disease in elderly patients with COPD.
ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS OF LASER DESTRUCTION OF THE ARTICULAR BRANCH OF THE OBTURATOR NERVE IN ELDERLY AND SENILE PATIENTS WITH DEGENERATIVE COXARTHROSIS
Authors: Бывальцев В.А. , Калинин А.А. , Оконешникова А.К. , Егоров А.В. , Сатардинова Э.Е. , Бирючков М.Ю.
Published: November 2021

Цель исследования - анализ результатов использования лазерной деструкции суставной ветви запирательного нерва у пациентов пожилого и старческого возраста с дегенеративным коксартрозом. Проспективно изучены результаты лечения 34 пациентов старше 65 лет c симптоматичным дегенеративным заболеванием тазобедренного сустава (ТБС), имеющим соматические противопоказания к выполнению его тотального эндопротезирования. В обследуемой группе в период с 2017 по 2019 г. проведена лазерная деструкция суставной ветви запирательного нерва (970 нм, частотой 9 Гц и мощностью 3 Вт в суммарной дозе 100 Дж). Средний катамнез наблюдения составил 12 мес. Для оценки эффективности хирургического лечения анализировали динамику уровня болевого синдрома в ТБС по визуально-аналоговой шкале, качества жизни - по анкете SF-36, функционального состояния ТБС - по шкале W.H. Harris и наличие операционных осложнений. В результате установлено, что применение лазерной деструкции суставной ветви запирательного нерва при дегенеративном коксартрозе у пациентов пожилого и старческого возраста (при невозможности проведения тотального эндопротезирования ТБС) позволило значительно снизить уровень дооперационного болевого синдрома, восстановить качество жизни и улучшить функциональное состояние пациентов при низком риске развития неблагоприятных последствий.

The aim of the study was to analyze the results of the use of laser destruction of the articular branch of the obturator nerve in elderly and senile patients with degenerative coxarthrosis. The results of treatment of 34 patients over 65 years of age with symptomatic degenerative diseases of the hip joint (HJD) and somatic contraindications for total hip arthroplasty have been prospectively studied. In the study group, in the period from 2017 to 2019, laser destruction of the articular branch of the obturator nerve (970 nm, frequency 9 Hz and power 3 W in a total dose of 100 J) was carried out. The average follow-up was 12 months. To assess the effectiveness of surgical treatment, the dynamics of the pain syndrome in the hip joint was analyzed according to the visual analogue scale, the quality of life according to the SF-36 questionnaire, the functional state of the hip joint according to the W.H. Harris scale and the presence perioperative surgical complications. As a result, it was found that the use of laser destruction of the articular branch of the obturator nerve in degenerative coxarthrosis in elderly and senile patients (if total hip arthroplasty was not possible) made it possible to significantly reduce the level of preoperative pain syndrome, restore the quality of life and improve the functional state of patients with low risks of surgical complications.
STABILOMETRIC DIAGNOSIS OF VERTIGO IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH VESTIBULAR MIGRAINE
Authors: Илларионова Е.М. , Грибова Н.П. , Голованова Е.Д.
Published: November 2021

Цель исследования - изучение возможности компьютерной стабилометрической диагностики для объективизации головокружения у пожилых пациентов с вестибулярной мигренью. В исследование были включены 57 пожилых пациентов с вестибулярной мигренью и 57 пожилых пациентов с центральным вестибулярным головокружением без мигрени. Для объективизации головокружения применяли специализированные тесты функциональной компьютерной стабилометрии. Проведенное исследование позволило выявить особенности базовых стабилометрических параметров в специализированных тестах у пожилых пациентов, которые можно использовать для получения количественной оценки вестибулярной дисфункции и объективизации головокружения.

The purpose of the study was to study the possibility of computer stabilometric diagnostics for the objectification of vertigo in elderly patients with vestibular migraine. The study included 57 elderly patients with vestibular migraine and 57 elderly patients with central vestibular vertigo, without migraine. Specialized tests of functional computer stabilometry were used to objectify vertigo. The study revealed the features of the basic stabilometric parameters in specialized tests in elderly patients, which can be used to obtain a quantitative assessment of vestibular dysfunction and objectification of vertigo.
TYPOLOGY OF ELDERLY WOMEN BY THE NATURE OF INTERACTION WITH HOUSING AND COMMUNAL SERVICES
Authors: Келасьев В.Н. , Келасьев О.В. , Рогова А.М.
Published: November 2021

В статье предложена социальная типология пожилых российских женщин, вынужденных адаптироваться к требованиям жилищно-коммунальной сферы (ЖКС), переполненной проблемами и конфликтами. В основу типологии положено сочетание параметров адекватности отражения пожилыми окружающей их проблемной ситуации в ЖКС и выраженности их активности. Выделены следующие типы: социально адекватные и активно действующие (по отстаиванию личных и коллективных интересов); социально адекватные, но пассивные - группа пожилых, которые хорошо понимают уровень и качество предоставляемых им жилищно-коммунальных услуг, но ничего не предпринимают; социально неадекватные, но активные, предрасположенные к инициации конфликта с управленцами ЖКС; социально неадекватные и пассивные. Из среды пожилых выделены активно действующие и адекватные, располагающие свободным временем и необходимыми компетенциями активистки, которые готовы представлять интересы всех жителей многоквартирного дома. Этот тип активисток старается выйти на стратегию равноправного партнёрства с управленцами ЖКС, но сталкивается с недружественной или безразлично настроенной средой, формально-бюрократическим подходом государственных контролирующих организаций. Теоретико-методологической рамкой исследования послужило рассмотрение пожилого возраста как периода раскрытия, проявления новых возможностей в самореализации, проявляющихся прежде всего в решении повседневных проблем.

The article proposes a social typology of elderly Russian women who are forced to adapt to the requirements of the housing and communal services sector, overflowing with problems and conflicts. The typology is based on a combination of the parameters of the adequacy of the reflection by the elderly of the problem situation surrounding them in the housing and communal services and the severity of their activity. The following types are identified: socially adequate and active (in defending personal and collective interests); socially adequate, but passive - a group of elderly people who understand well the level and quality of housing and communal services provided to them, but do nothing; socially inadequate, but active, charged with conflict with managers of the housing and communal sphere; socially inadequate and passive. Active and adequate activists with free time and the necessary competencies who are ready to represent the interests of all residents of an apartment building are singled out from among the elderly. This type of activist is trying to enter into a strategy of equal partnership with managers of the housing and communal services sector, but is faced with an unfriendly or indifferent environment, a formal bureaucratic approach of state regulatory organizations. The theoretical and methodological framework of the study was the consideration of old age as a period of disclosure, the manifestation of new opportunities in self-realization, manifested primarily in solving everyday problems.
Macro and Trace Element Levels of Macroalgae Cystoseira foeniculacea ve Gongolaria montagnei Species from Mediterranean Region (Antalya/ Turkey)
Authors: AŞIKKUTLU Baran , OKUDAN Emine Şükran
Published: November 2021

Aquatic ecosystems and algae, which are the primary producers living in these areas, are the subject of many studies due to their importance. Macroalgae are indicator organisms in terms of showing the elemental composition of the region they live in. In this study, elemental analyzes of macroalgae belonging to Cystoseira foeniculacea and Gongolaria montagnei were carried out, that species collected from the coastal region of Antalya Province Serik District, which has a coast to the Mediterranean and Pearson Correlation Index (PCI) was applied to show the relationships between the results. The obtained data were compared with other studies. About macro elements, the highest value was determined as K element and the lowest value was determined as P element in Cystoseira foeniculacea and Gongolaria montagnei species. About trace elements, for Cystoseira foeniculacea species the highest value as Fe element and the lowest value asMo element, for Gongolaria montagnei species the highest value as Fe element, and the lowest value as Cd element, were determined. According to the Pearson Correlation Index analysis, positive and negative relationships were determined between the elements. When the data obtained in our study were compared with the data of other previous studies, it was determined that the results were similar to each other.
Rize Taşlıdere Havzasında Heyelan Kontrolü: Örnek Olay İncelemesi, Kireçhane ve Kırklartepe Yöreleri
Authors: SÜME Veli , YÜKSEK Turan , KAYA Ayberk
Published: November 2021

Çalışma alanı olarak seçilen Taşlıdere (Rize) Havzasının Kireçhane ve Kırklartepe yöresi yoğun olarak çay tarımının yapıldığı bir sahadır. Bölgedeki mevcut orman arazilerinin geneli ziraat alanına dönüştürülmüş olup, buna yönelik genişletme faaliyetleri artarak devam etmektedir. Sahadaki yağmur sularını toparlayıp kontrollü bir şekilde derelere ulaşımını sağlayan eski dönemlerde yapılmış drenaj kanalları yöre halkı tarafından kapatılmış veya tahrip edilmiştir. Yeraltı suyundan yoğun olarak yararlanılan keson kuyuların kapatılarak terkedilmesi zemin ortamının sürekli doygun durumda kalmasına neden olmuştur. Bölgedeki zemin türünün killi olması yağış sularının yeraltına süzülmesini azaltarak yüzeysel akışın yoğunlaşmasına yol açmaktadır. Ayrıca, havza alanı içindeki yerleşim yerlerine ulaşım amaçlı açılan desteksiz yol şevleri sayıca çok fazladır ve yollar genel itibari ile kaplamasız durumdadır. Bahsedilen tüm bu nedenler Taşlıdere havzasının kütle hareketleri ve taşkınlar açısından duyarlı olmasına neden olmaktadır. Bu olayların Kireçhane ve Kırklartepe yörelerinde önlenemez mühendislik sorunlarına dönüşmesini engellemek için bir dizi önlemlerinin alınması zorunlu olmuştur. Bu nedenle 100 yıllık maksimum yağış değerleri temel alınarak saha için detay drenaj projesi hazırlanmış ve uygulama aşamasına yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Geoinformation analysis of the spatial structure of the Stavropol agglomeration
Authors: Panin Alexander , Eshrokov Vitaliy , Makhmudov Rakim , Verosub Natalya
Published: November 2021

The article presents the results of the study of the formation and development of the functional and planning structure of the Stavropol agglomeration, as an integral part of the settlement system of the Stavropol Territory. Theoretically, the authors rely on the concept of a single settlement system and a supporting framework as a combination of nodal and linear elements that express the main features of the territorial organization of the region. The paper uses various sources of quantitative and qualitative information both in the context of the region and individual municipalities: the results of sociological surveys, census data, information about the current socio-economic and demographic situation of the territory, materials of state and departmental statistics, documents of territorial planning and urban planning design, the results of “field” studies of the territory.

On the basis of these data, the general characteristics of the Stavropol agglomeration are given, the spatial organization of settlement is analyzed, and the current trends of its development are determined. One of the results of the study is a geoinformation model of the agglomeration, in which its boundaries and composition are established, the coefficient of development is calculated, and a demographic forecast is made for the agglomeration as a whole and for individual municipalities.

Using the methods of geoinformation mapping, maps of the boundaries of the agglomeration and the transport accessibility of its cores, a promising structural and planning model of the Stavropol agglomeration were created. The authors conclude that population concentration does not necessarily create agglomeration effects due to the lack of internal connectivity of agglomerations and the use of the potential of inter-municipal cooperation.
Open Data for web-mapping the dynamic of population of Uzbekistan
Authors: Gulyamova Lola , Rakhmonov Dilshod
Published: November 2021

This paper covers issues related to using Open Data for web mapping of the dynamic of population of Uzbekistan. Several ways are suggested for performing an analysis of patterns of dynamic of population. The web mapping is recommended as the preferable way for study the spatial distribution of the population and its change. The methods are described from the perspective of their relevance to the technical and conceptual development of interactive dynamic maps. The Open sources that are maintained by state agencies, committees, private companies and other institutions are used for web mapping. The peculiarities of development of Open Data in this country are analyzed with the purpose of applying geoinformation technologies for capturing geospatial information (GI). The model has been developed for using web mapping tools for combining ICT, GIS, interactive cartography and socio-economic data for retrieving GI from existing open resources. Some tools are suggested to bring together Open Data of different official sources by means of Geographical Information Systems. The model of web service is used for uploading map data to a cloud account, while cloud service handles all server-side. ArcGIS Online and other open software are applied for interactive mapping. The interaction with datasets for online mapping and spatial analysis is performed with the help of the cloud service of ArcGIS Online
Spatial analysis of international student immigration in Russia
Authors: Soloviev Ivan , Fryer Paul , Shchitova Natalia , Belozerov Vitaly
Published: November 2021

The deteriorating demographic situation, the growing risks of “personnel shortage” pose threats to the sustainable geo-economic development of Russia. One of the promising sources of replenishment of the country’s labor potential can be educational migration, in particular, immigration of foreign students. The obvious advantage of foreign students over other categories of migrants determines the problem of attracting foreign students to Russian universities with their subsequent integration into Russian communities. This requires a detailed analysis of the learning processes of foreign students, analysis of patterns, factors influencing the migration choice.

This article aims to highlight the spatial structure and territorial features of student immigration in Russia. The research information base is built on the basis of official statistics data for 2008–2020. The article presents new empirical data characterizing the main features of the formation of the immigration educational flow in the countries of origin, the dynamics of the distribution of foreign students in the regions of the country. Analysis of the dynamics of the number of foreign students demonstrates their widespread and significant growth, which allows us to consider Russia as a promising country—an exporter of higher education services. The main factors determining the influx of foreign students into the country are geographic location, geopolitical interests, demographic and economic inequality. The main countries-suppliers of foreign students are states that are part of post-Soviet integration associations or located in zones of Russian influence, as well as those with excessive demographic potential. There are noticeable in-country disparities in the distribution of foreign students: the highest concentration is observed in the Russian capitals (Moscow and St. Petersburg), Tatarstan, large South Siberian centers (Novosibirsk, Tomsk), the smallest—in the national formations of the country, with rare exceptions. The spatial features of student immigration in Russia are reflected in cartographic materials.
Monitoring of historical and cultural heritage objects based on modern information technologies
Authors: Arkhipova Olga , Semenova Olga , Afanasenko Vladimir , Podoyan Elena
Published: November 2021

The results of research in the field of forms and methods of preserving and increasing the historical and cultural heritage in Rostov-on-Don present in this article. The list of objects of cultural heritage of Rostov-on-Don includes more than 600 items, including objects of history, art, architecture, and urban planning, among which are monuments of federal, regional, and local (municipal) significance and objects of valuable historical and urban planning environment. As part of the study, the geoinformation system “Monuments, memorable places and memorials in Rostov-on-Don” was developed. The main goal of this GIS is to provide a wide range of the public (including researchers and students) with access to georeferenced data. The information basis of the system is represented by data on the location of cultural heritage objects, information about objects, as well as photographs and extended reference data about objects. Archival and bibliographic information about the monuments has been processed, checked, and entered the database. To accomplish the tasks, the following software was chosen—Excel, ArcGis Pro, ArcGis Online. The choice of software products is due to the availability of licensed software and experience in the field of GIS creation. GIS is implemented in two versions—local (loading the initial data and preparing for publication on the Internet) and the Internet version (creating a web map with the ability to make changes and replenish the database, as well as create a web application “Monuments, memorable places and memorials in Rostov-on-Don”). The developed application allows you to assess the state of cultural heritage objects, allows you to get acquainted with research on the monuments and memorable places included in the database, to determine the direction and prospects of scientific research, to follow the dynamics of the process, consider new and forgotten objects of historical and cultural heritage.
Analysis of the reflection of the most important events of the XVI–XIX centuries in the names of rural of the Ruza district of the Moscow province, used in the documents and applied to cartographic materials
Authors: Krassowski Anton
Published: November 2021

This article presents the results of the analysis of the formed set of information about the rural located on the territory of the Ruza district of the Moscow province in the XVI–XIX centuries. The source of information was historical documents and materials summarising them of the Russian state and the Russian empire of the XVI–XIX centuries and cartographic materials of the XVIII–XIX centuries, containing information about rural and settlements that became rural later, as well as information about the owners of settlements and their families in the XVI–XVIII centuries. The search was performed taking into account changes in the administrative- and church-territorial divisions of the territory of the county and taking into account changes in the types and names of settlements during the considered period of time. The systematisation of the received information and its presentation in tabular form were performed in order to ensure the convenience of performing further work with their use. The assessment of the adequacy of the reflection of the events of the social and political life of the XVI–XIX centuries formed by the totality of information about the rural of the Ruza district is made. The dependence of the predominance of a number of methods of formation of the corresponding toponyms on the era of their mention in documents and the creation of cartographic materials is revealed. The coincidence of the results obtained as a result of this study with the results obtained by recognised experts who worked in this field, allowed us to conclude that it is possible to use the formed set of information to study the reflection of the life of Russian society in documents and cartographic materials of the XVI–XIX centuries on the example of the Ruzsky district of the Moscow province.
Electronic ethnocultural and landscape atlas of the Pskov region as an educational geoinformational resource
Authors: Manakov Andrei , Vampilova Liudmila , Sokolova Alexandra
Published: November 2021

The development of information technologies stimulates the use of new forms of visualization of scientific and educational materials. This is what the project of creating an electronic “Ethnocultural and landscape atlas of the Pskov region” is focused on. The Pskov region belongs to the old-developed territories of Russia, where the cultural landscapes formed over centuries have a great educational value. The scientific task of the atlas project is related to the disclosure of the ethnocultural diversity of the region’s territory and the specifics of its cultural landscapes. The purpose of this article is to substantiate the general concept, structure, and content of the atlas. The scientific concepts on which the development of the atlas is based were selected. These are the concepts of the cultural landscape and geocultural space developed in cultural geography, which determine the structure and content of the atlas. The atlas includes eight main thematic blocks. each section of the atlas has 10 maps in average. The content of several thematic blocks of the atlas is determined by the information-axiological approach within the concept of cultural landscapes. These are sections where objects of cultural and natural heritage within the Pskov region or its administrative districts are presented. Other thematic blocks of the atlas present the layers of geocultural space considered in dynamics, such as political-historical, ethnic and confessional, linguistic and toponymic, etc. The electronic “Ethnocultural and Landscape Atlas of the Pskov region” is a unique geographic information resource. The main audience of atlas is the youth of the Pskov region. Due to the publication of the atlas on the Internet, it will be available to people of other ages. The atlas is intended for use in popular science, educational, cultural, and tourist purposes.
Local ethnic groups of Anabar district: mapping of ethnonyms in order to preserve historical and cultural heritage
Authors: Filippova Viktoriya
Published: November 2021

Anabar district of Sakha Republic (Yakutia) is a complex ethnocultural region, where toponyms of different eras coexist, which is explained by the dynamics of the ethnic composition of the population over thousands of years. Toponymy extent reflects the historical and geographical specifics of the region. On the map of the Anabar district, several toponymic layers are distinguished: Dolgan, evenki, Yakut and Russian. The study was funded by the Russian foundation of Basic Research (No. 20-09-00257), one of the tasks of which is to identify toponymic complexes—groups of place names that characterize the development of the studied territory, as well as to consider toponyms as objects of cultural heritage of the peoples inhabiting this region.

In this study, using GIS technologies, the reconstruction of the settlement of local ethnic groups that lived in the territory of the Anabar district was carried out. Their borders were largely natural in nature and generally corresponded to river basins. It is established that the boundaries of the distribution areas of the genera went beyond the boundaries of the modern territory of the Anabar district. The main source of the material is a database of toponyms identified from 20 topographic maps (scale 1:200,000), covering the whole territory of the Anabar district. The article presents the results of mapping the areas of settlement of tribes and ethnotoponyms. first of all, these are ethnotoponyms formed from ethnonyms (khangalas, khatygyn, gala, aryyaat, barakh, sedeme, etc.). It is established that place name used to as a name for a group of farms of mixed origin (kuladintsy, omoldot).

Comparison of the reconstructed area of settlement of tribes with the display of ethnonyms on the Anabar district’s map showed their insufficient presence in toponyms. This indicates a lack of preservation of ethnonyms.
The “Country of cities” web-GIS: development experience and approaches used in creating a history-oriented geoportal
Authors: Gafurov Artur , Usmanov Bulat , Yermolayev Oleg , Gubaidullin Airat , Khomyakov Petr , Gainullin Iskander
Published: November 2021

Providing convenient access to spatial information for multiple users is a big challenge. To solve this problem, researchers present the results of their research on thematic geoportals—geographic information systems (GIS) located on the Web. The main functionality of such web-GIS, in addition to directly displaying interactive spatial information, is the possibility of making custom searches, measuring lengths and areas, and providing access to related multimedia materials. Archaeological geoportals, unlike other thematic GIS, require special approaches to the implementation, as there is a necessity to provide convenient access not only to spatial information, but also a gallery of multimedia materials, as well as detailed descriptions. This paper describes the approach to the development of cartographic web-resource “Country of Cities” which provides access to the results of interdisciplinary research of Volga Bulgarian settlements. for user-friendly access to both cartographic and descriptive materials, it was decided to divide the geoinformation and analytical component into two separate but interconnected portals within one web resource. Web-GIS is based on the leaflet library and provides interactive access, besides the information about each ancient settlement itself, to the series of analytical maps—risk map of the development of exogenous processes, risk map of the destruction of ancient settlements, their present state, and many others. The main graphic and descriptive materials are presented on the web portal, where a special page was created for each ancient settlement with a descriptive block, a gallery with images of the settlement from an unmanned aerial vehicle, thematic and historical maps, as well as an interactive three-dimensional textured model of the corresponding archaeological site.
Mysteries of Vasilkov on the Dniester: history, geography, toponymy, architecture
Authors: Herzen Andrey , Kostovska Silviya , Nesterova Tamara
Published: November 2021

The article provides a comprehensive historic-geographical, toponymic and architectural analysis of a unique monument of medieval religious and defensive architecture—the Church of the Assumption of the Virgin in Vasilkov on the Dniester and its surroundings, located on the modern state border of Moldavia with the Ukraine, and in the Middle Ages it served as the border point of the Principality of Moldavia with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Eastern outpost of the capital of the tsinut (county) of Soroky and its main fortification—the Soroka castle. The architecture of the rural temple with a bell tower, erected on the elevated cape with steep slopes, is a rare example of a preserved structure that combines the traditions of wooden architecture based on the proportions used in antiquity for the construction of stone churches. The medieval fortified point with a unique monument of the cult-defensive architecture together with a courtyard, a trading square, as well as an ancient trade road and a river crossing represent a united natural and historic-cultural complex. The solution of historic-geographical puzzles enveloping the monument of heritage is based on a comprehensive multiscale historic-cartographical analysis and the use of modern geographic information methods, including comparison of topographic maps with aerial and satellite images of the terrain, as well as high-precision digital elevation models, hydrography and other cartographic products. A method of comparing cartographic images of an area in chronological slices (in different historical periods) is supposed to be highly effective. It allows you to observe the historic-geographical evolution of the area. A research of the complex of toponymic problems associated with the territory under study reveals the processes of massive transfer of geographical names in antiquity, covering not only the North-Western Black Sea Region and adjacent territories, but also much wider spaces of the East European Plain, where modern toponymic landscapes were formed.
Usage of cartographic methods in place-name study (history of the problem and actual research)
Authors: Gordova Yuliana , Herzen Olga , Herzen Andrey , Kostovska Silvia
Published: November 2021

Cartographic methods have been used in toponymic research for many decades. The importance of these methods was noted by the founders of fundamental place-name study. This field keeps developing actively despite the considerable methodological complexity and labor intensity. Modern technologies in cartography make it possible to bring the scale and intensity of toponymic research to a new level, to solve problems that have long been identified in science. This further increases the relevance of toponymic mapping and the active introduction of other techniques into the practice of both local and regional toponymic research.

The article presents the experience of creating regional toponymic maps and atlases, the general methodology and specific methodological developments of the authors in this field. The article provides examples of the latest practices of applying cartographic methods in domestic onomastics. The article presents the results of a poly-scale toponymic research in historical geography, based on the techniques of toponymic mapping in order to solve historic-geographical problems, and historic-cartographical analysis, aimed at solving toponymic problems. The geographical names of the Russian Plain and the Black Sea region serves as a rich factual data for the analysis of specific toponyms evolution.

Historic-cartographical research provides invaluable data for place-name study, contributing to scientific advancement in related disciplines. Old maps serve as the most important sources of knowledge about toponymy and the formation of geographical representations in different eras. Place names are an integral part of the intangible cultural heritage, one of the most enduring and at the same time fragile. The modern desire to standardize toponymy at the national and international levels comes into conflict with the tasks of its preservation in the context of the protection of ethnocultural diversity.
Effectiveness of Closed Kinetic Chain Exercise on Increasing Functional Strength in Knee Osteoarthritis Patients
Authors: Thalib Abdul Herman Syah , Sunarti Sunarti
Published: November 2021

Introduction: The prevalence of osteoarthritis increases with age with functional impairment. With Closed Kinetic Chain Exercise (CKCE) patients are able to increase movement in the knee area. Objective: To provide an overview of various evidence from previous studies regarding the effectiveness of Closed Kinetic Chain Exercise in improving functional ability in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Methods: Conducted a literature review by searching through electronic databases namely Garuda, Pubmed, and Google Scholar, and obtained 5 relevant research articles from 2016-2021 based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: After being given closed kinetic chain exercise, it was found that there was a decrease in complaints such as pain and an increase in the strength of functional movement in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Conclusion: closed kinetic chain exercise is effective in improving functional ability in patients with knee osteoarthritis