bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Особливості виховання культури поведінки дітей дошкільного віку в умовах закладу дошкільної освіти
Authors:   Уманський державний педагогічний університет імені Павла Тичини, Гарбар Світлана
Published: March 2023

The relevance of the study is due to the importance of the period of preschool childhood in the upbringing and education of the child and the creation of conditions and prerequisites for harmonious, full-fledged development. The article actualizes the problem of education of culture of behavior of preschool children. The article is aimed at highlighting the peculiarities of fostering a culture of behavior of preschool children. Research methods: theoretical (analysis of literature on research problems), empirical (pedagogical observations). The essence and content of the concept of research are clarified, namely: «culture of behavior», which is defined as a way for a child to perform actions and actions that meet the moral and aesthetic requirements of society, is reflected in the confirmation of expected expectations on the part of adults, peers and ensures his personal growth. It was clarified that preschool age is a period of intensive socialization of the child’s personality, gaining life experience, when there is an active interest in relationships with other people, there is a need to familiarize with certain norms of communication and, as a result, to develop an individual culture of behavior. To foster a culture of behavior is to constantly worry about children growing a culture of human relationships, to become generous with affection, goodness, attention, help and care of the child’s soul and that all these qualities are manifested in pleasant forms of behavior for others. It is noted that the preschool educational institution is a leading social institution in which preschool children receive not only basic knowledge, skills and abilities, but also acquire the foundations of a culture of behavior. The article reveals components of the culture of behavior such as culture of activity, culture of communication, cultural and hygienic skills and habits. The task of educating the culture of behavior of preschool children is outlined: the formation of ideas about norms of behavior, about the moral qualities of the individual, the development of moral feelings; expansion, deepening and systematization of knowledge about the norms and rules of cultural behavior, the development of the ability to evaluate their own and other people’s actions, the formation of positive relations to norms of behavior and negative relation to anti-social manifestations, the formation of skills, skills and habits of cultural behavior. The main components of methodical actions aimed at educating the culture of behavior of preschool children are proposed. The program of education of culture of behavior in preschool children is proposed.
Аналіз та оцінка викладачами досвіду дистанційного навчання при вивченні графічних дисциплін
Authors:   Одеська державна академія будівництва та архітектури, Сидорова Наталія , Доценко Юлія ,   Одеська державна академія будівництва та архітектури
Published: March 2023

The article presents the results of a study that was conducted to analyze and evaluate the new pedagogical experience of teachers obtained in distance learning in the context of a global pandemic. According to the results of the survey, most teachers assess this period as more difficult than the period of traditional education, but they consider the experience gained as positive and useful for the future. The teachers noted the need to master modern digital tools suitable for distance learning (video conferencing and communication services, recording audio and video lectures, etc.), design and transform their lecture courses, methodological materials and all auxiliary materials for successful online learning. Teaching graphic disciplines, as well as a new look at the possibilities of social networks, instant messengers and the e-learning system of the Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture. At present, an urgent task is to comprehend this experience in order to understand its essence, identify positive and negative factors, determine the most effective technologies in terms of teaching disciplines by teachers and assimilation of material by students, predicting possible options for the development of the education system within the framework of not anti-pandemic measures, but during hostilities and after the introduction of martial law in Ukraine. This experience was very useful for the teachers of our country, because, despite today’s conditions, the educational cycle continues in some regions of the country. Teachers were asked questions about their psychological state in the initial period of online learning, when they had not yet gained some experience in this area, and questions about the experience, quality and achievements of the students and teachers themselves during distance learning. The opinions of teachers differed in assessing the degree of assimilation of educational material by students in the context of online learning. Most teachers believe that students have mastered the material at the same level as in full-time study, or even better; some teachers noted a decrease in this level. The need to ensure the appropriate quality of education requires finding ways to solve problems that arise in the process of distance learning in modern military and post-war conditions in Ukraine.
Допитливість як етап пізнавальної активності дітей дошкільного віку
Authors:   Педагогічний інститут Київського університету імені Бориса Грінченка, Кузіна Оксана
Published: March 2023

The article considers the essence of the concept of «curiosity » of preschool children. The theoretical and methodological substantiation of the researched problem is determined. The analysis of the works of scientists allowed to emphasize the need to cover this issue. Emphasis is placed on the process of cognition, which has several stages and it begins with the innate curiosity of the child. Under the guidance of an adult, whether in a preschool or with parents at home, curiosity is formed, which later grows into cognitive interest. The formation and improvement of cognitive interest, which generates cognitive activity, which is the culmination of the development and formation of the personality of a preschool child, is highlighted. It was found that curiosity is a source of cognitive interest of the preschooler, as well as the processes underlying the cognitive activity of older preschool children. The structure of the child’s curiosity development is clarified, which is formed on the basis of elementary curiosity and with further guidance develops on the basis of children’s natural cognitive needs. The process of cognition is full of emotions caused by the process of intellectual work and the perspective that arises in the course of cognition. Signs of preschooler’s curiosity are expressed, which are expressed in cognitive issues, desire to find solutions to problems, to gain new knowledge, inner openness to people, phenomena, the world, sincere desire to meet cognitive needs and gain new experiences or impressions. The conditions of successful development of curiosity in preschool children are characterized: creation of cognitive environment (fullness of zones, centers), encouragement of manifestations of independence in solving problems, in various activities, providing information that determines children’s social experience, holistic view of the environment, a variety of ways of activity and is actualized as cognitive activity. The connection between curiosity and its importance, which will be needed in the further school stage of life, is considered, because it is the basis on which the process of formation and development of independent cognitive activity of a senior preschooler is built. It is proved that successful mastering of experience, effective development of personality occurs only in active activity, in purposeful efforts to obtain the planned result. Much depends on the human environment: understanding, stimulation, support, communication are important in the formation of personality and education of curiosity. Further ways of research of a problem of development of cognitive activity are defined: comparison of all components, stages in their similarities and differences.
Вплив соціально-педагогічної діяльності підліткового клубу на розвиток особистісної ідентифікації підлітків
Authors:   Дрогобицький державний педагогічний університет імені Івана Франка, Гулич Марія , Ярошко Микола ,   Приватна установа «Заклад вищої освіти «Міжнародний гуманітарно-педагогічний інститут «Бейт-Хана»
Published: March 2023

The article considers the influence of the socio-psychological activities of the teen club by interests on the development of personal identification of teenagers. Personal identification plays an important role in the process of interaction between a psychologist, a teacher and a pupil, thus stimulating psycho-corrective changes. In this paper, we consider it appropriate to highlight and explore the impact of the club forms of work on the development of personal identification in the process of social and psychological activities. It is pointed out that there are hundreds of teen clubs that operate at the national, regional and local levels and implement a large number of different programs of socially significant direction in Ukraine nowadays. It has been proved that an important place in the system of education of the younger generation belongs to clubs. They are the social institutions that are designed to organize leisure time not only for adults and promote the diverse development of the growing individual. Therefore, all the activities of the club by interests consist of two interrelated parts such as purposeful educational, educational and organizational activities of employees and actve particpants of the club and leisure activities of adolescents. The study of personal identification of adolescents is based on theoretical analysis of existing research, which reveals a field of relevant aspects for further study, namely educational work with adolescents, social and cultural determinism, the connection with the experience of negative affect.
Компетентнісний підхід у формуванні гнучких умінь (soft skills) як передумова професійного самовизначення учнів у наукових ліцеях
Authors:   Інститут професійної освіти Національної академії педагогічних наук України, Сердюк Галина
Published: March 2023

Acquisition of specialized scientific education ensures the development of student research competence according to the study profile and student interests. T he scientific lyceum creates an innovative space for student comprehensive development because the research culture depends on personal qualities. The student system of values, forming in the lyceum, promotes readiness for various activities. The article is devoted to the problem of the development of soft skills in the process of research-oriented learning in the scientific lyceum. We consider it appropriate to establish a linkage between the development of research competence and flexible skills, the development of “soft skills”, and student professional self-determination in the scientific lyceum. The implementation of the competence approach in the educational process can be visible through the continuity of student intellectual and personal development, the formation of general skills of graduates who compete with dignity in the social environment, accept social challenges.
Зовнішні фактори впливу на результативність участі здобувачів освіти у зовнішньому незалежному оцінюванні в розрізі адміністративно-територіальних одиниць
Authors:   Комунальний заклад «Запорізький обласний інститут післядипломної педагогічної освіти» Запорізької обласної ради, Сирцова Ольга , Шумада Роман ,   Комунальний заклад «Запорізький обласний інститут післядипломної педагогічної освіти» Запорізької обласної ради
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the issue of determining the external factors influencing the effectiveness of the participation of students of basic secondary education in the external independent evaluation in terms of two administrative- territorial units representing different regions of Ukraine. The study is based on the results of a survey of eleventh-graders in Lviv and Zaporizhzhya regions on their attitudes and strategies for preparing for testing. The study also used generalized statistics on the effectiveness of the participation of students who took the survey in the external independent evaluation. Hypothesis tested, that the results of external independent evaluation of its participants depend linearly on such external factors as the strategy of preparation for external evaluation, the level of logistics of the process of preparation for home and the social status of parents who should finance additional investments in their children’s education. Strategies for preparation for external evaluation are combined into those that do not require (self-preparation and preparation during lessons), and those who need (tutoring and preparatory courses at higher education institutions), additional financial infusions from parents. It is proved that the linear relationship between the results of the EIT and the application of strategies for its preparation, which do not require financial injections, is not significant. There is a direct linear strong link between the results of the external independent evaluation and the strategy for preparing for testing (in our case, tutoring classes), which require the infusion of additional financial resources from the family. There is also a significant linear relationship between the results of testing students and the social status of their parents, who have the appropriate economic capital to finance the additional costs of preparing children for external evaluation. Tutoring is attended by 12% to 25% of students in Zaporizhzhya and 32% to 52% in Lviv. This is how we explain the difference between the average results of external evaluation in the two regions. Mathematical regression models have been developed, where the result is the average result of the external evaluation, and the factor characteristics are the percentage of students who work with a tutor, the average level of logistics of preparing students for external evaluation at home, social status of parents. Thus, it has been established that the economic capital of the family is one of the external factors in the effectiveness of students’ external independent assessment.
EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA ESCOLAR E IMAGEM CORPORAL: UMA ANÁLISE DOCUMENTAL A PARTIR DA BASE NACIONAL COMUM CURRICULAR
Authors: Almeida Vitor Alexandre Rabelo de , Huguenin Felipe Machado , Morgado Fabiane Frota da Rocha
Published: March 2023

Este estudo objetiva analisar interfaces entre a Educação Física Escolar, imagem corporal e Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), a partir da análise crítica deste documento. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa e exploratória por análise documental, cuja análise de conteúdo categorial semântica fora utilizada para a análise de dados. Considerando a BNCC, destaca-se a ausência do termo “imagem corporal”, o que representa que o documento não demarca epistemologicamente o construto. Considerando somente as partes específicas relacionadas às etapas da Educação Básica e à Educação Física, foram encontrados 75 trechos no documento que, embora não citem diretamente o termo imagem corporal, possuem relação com o construto. Esses foram selecionados, analisados e agrupados em quatro categorias: (1) Apresentação, Introdução e Estrutura da BNCC; (2) Educação Infantil; (3) Ensino Fundamental; (4) Ensino Médio. As categorias elencadas permitem a compreensão do “se” e “como” o documento apresenta possibilidades de subsídio para a inserção da temática da imagem corporal nas aulas de Educação Física. Os principais resultados evidenciam que há diferentes trechos nas principais seções de interesse da BNCC que dialogam com a imagem corporal no contexto da Educação Física Escolar. Todavia, esses são apresentados de forma tímida e restrita, de modo ser possível afirmar que a BNCC é um documento limitado em relação a uma temática de tamanha complexidade na formação humana quanto a analisada neste estudo. Portanto, é de fundamental importância que professores(as), sobretudo, de Educação Física, estejam atentos à imagem corporal, suas implicações no ambiente escolar e sua importância no desenvolvimento do(a) aluno(a).
An improved model for building energy consumption prediction based on time-series analysis
Authors: Xiao Shirui
Published: March 2023

The development and popularisation of renewable energy is necessary. The application of renewable energy technology in buildings is an important research direction. Moreover, the prediction of renewable energy consumption in this direction is an essential research content. In view of this, a building energy consumption prediction model of renewable energy based on time-series analysis and a support vector machine (SVM) is proposed. The performance test of this model showed that its loss value was as low as 1.5% in the training set, and the loss value was 4.1% in the test set. In addition, it showed the highest accuracy rate of 95.5% in the neural network accuracy test, which is significantly higher than that of traditional algorithms. About the overall energy consumption prediction ability of the model, the experimental results showed that the lowest error of the energy consumption prediction model was 2.3%, the average relative error of the traditional SVM model in the same data set was 6.8% and that of the chaotic time-series model was 4.1%. Compared with the prediction ability of the traditional models currently used, the prediction ability of the energy consumption prediction model has been greatly improved, and it has the potential to be put into practical application.
Mejora de procesos y su impacto en la entrega de productos en empresas manufactureras: una exhaustiva revisión sistemática
Authors: Gamboa-Cruzado Javier , Huaraz-Saldaña Erik , Gallegos-Herrera Cristian , Hernando Gómez Ángel , Hidalgo Sánchez Augusto , Aquino Cruz Mario
Published: March 2023

El presente trabajo realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura para determinar el avance de las investigaciones sobre de la mejora de procesos y su impacto en la entrega de productos en empresas manufactureras desde el año 2016 al 2021. La estrategia de búsqueda identificó 755,729 artículos en bibliotecas digitales tales como ARDI, ERIC, Taylor & Francis Online, IOPScience, IEEE Xplore, ProQuest y ScienceDirect; de las cuales 95 artículos fueron identificados como ideales para la revisión. Los resultados obtenidos en la revisión sistemática acerca de los estudios relacionados a la mejora de Procesos han permitido encontrar metodologías relevantes para aplicarlas en cualquier área de una empresa, en cualquier sector empresarial; del mismo modo se proporciona un mapeo de los estudios que se publicaron en diferentes países por tipo de publicación. Además, ha permitido realizar una exhaustiva revisión bibliométrica de las investigaciones, a fin de determinar los conceptos (tópicos) más utilizados e identificar las palabras clave que con frecuencia presentan concurrencia en las investigaciones. Como conclusiones se presentan las relaciones que existen entre cada uno de los artículos, identificando la comparación por relevancia para sus propios entornos y situaciones en las que se puede aplicar la mejora de procesos.
Food nowadays – local or global? Traditional or innovative? Conference monograph
Authors: Przeor Monika
Published: March 2023

Both, traditional and innovative food are essential elements of nowadays consumers' menus. Regardless of the food processing techniques used, consumer preferences remain individual. The goal of food technology and food analysis is to monitor, on the one hand, the needs of the food market, and on the other hand – the possibilities of the food industry. This monograph is a compilation of scientific work showing how far the considerations of food can be, both – local vs. global, and traditional vs. innovative.
SPECTRAL KURTOSIS OF OTOACOUSTIC EMISSIONS USING
THE HUSIMI TRANSFORM: A PILOT STUDY
Authors: Siedlecki Tomasz , Zielinski Jakub
Published: March 2023

Background

Time-frequency distributions can help reveal resonant modes of OAEs. The Husimi transform is the time-frequency distribution of probability. The sound pressure probability density function for a given frequency can be derived from
the Husimi transform. Using the Husimi transform as the weight function, it is possible to define the spectral kurtosis of OAEs.

Material and Methods

The Husimi transform was calculated numerically from OAE data recorded from subjects with normal hearing. We examined click-evoked OAEs (CEOAEs) and tone-burst-evoked OAEs (TBOAEs) with stimuli centered at
1, 2, and 4 kHz, and the presence of spontaneous OAEs (SOAEs) was also investigated. The aim of this study was to examine
the statistical properties of otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) and relate them to resonant modes of the cochlea. Assuming that
the probability of the sound pressure of an OAE at any time and frequency is given by a Husimi-type transform, we analyzed
statistical features of the probability distribution, particularly spectral kurtosis.

Results

With evoked OAEs, a minimum in kurtosis was found at frequencies close to SOAEs. With TBOAEs, three sorts of
SOAEs were found: those with high positive kurtosis, those with small positive kurtosis, and those with negative kurtosis; in
these cases, SOAEs appeared at the same frequency as the kurtosis minimum.

Conclusions

The kurtosis of evoked components of an OAE is strongly affected by the presence of an SOAE. The number of
positive peaks and negative troughs of spectral kurtosis in a given frequency band seem to be characteristic of each subject.
It is suggested that a new way of distinguishing types of OAEs may involve calculating the spectral kurtosis, and this may be
diagnostically useful.
Developing An Islamic Farayez System Applying Software Engineering
Authors:   Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh, Tabassum Sadia , Sajedul Hoque A. H. M. ,   Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh, Twahura Sharaban ,   Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh, Osiur Rahman Mohammad ,   Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
Published: March 2023

Distribution of deceased person’s wealth is a divine law in Islam. This distribution should be accurate; otherwise a gruesome punishment is waiting in hereafter. The combination of relatives of late person is diverse which makes the computation of distribution difficult. In order to ease the computation of shares of slain person, a software system can be designed for Islamic Farayez which is the premier concern of this article. The existing software systems cannot compute the distribution precisely always and furthermore have lack of proper explanation of the system. Having studied ‘Islamic Shariah’ for all possible combinations of relatives of dead person, a system has been modelled and developed which provides the knowledge of Islamic inheritance and distributes the wealth of deceased accurately through which user can be galvanized to follow. Here the Islamic Farayez has been analyzed and modelled using structured approach. After fixing different scenario of Islamic Farayez of a dead person, individual cases are analysed using three levels of Data Flow Diagram (DFD). Hence, DFD illustrated the organization of the functional components of the system; and as a consequence, based on this, the graphical form of algorithm or flow-chart of the overall Islamic Farayez system is developed. Finally, mathematical models are derived for all possible combination of relatives of late person and then developed the software for Islamic Farayez system. The reliability, accuracy, integrity and robustness of the proposed Islamic Farayez system are rigorously justified by comparing the proposed system generated results with manual results as well as other existing software generated results for various complex cases. It is recommended to use this proposed Islamic Farayez system as an expert assistant for distribution of deceased person’s wealth among his/her eligible relatives.
Tricycles for Nigerian Public Transport Unit: Assessment of Ergonomics Design Considerations
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Nigeria, Hezekiah O Adeyemi , Taofeek A Yusuf ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria
Published: March 2023

Tricycles are becoming more popular commercial means of transport across all Nigerian cities. This study evaluated ergonomics status of this development. Measurement of seven variables comprising, seats’ height, width and cushion inclination as well as space available for legs, back rest inclination, access/exit doors and circulation corridors, were carried out on the sampled Tricycle. The measured variables were compared with both the standard recommended for urban transport unit and the corresponding anthropometric data of users from Southwest and Eastern parts of Nigeria (SW/EN). Data were collected from 175 passengers through questionnaire to measure the degree of comfort/discomfort derived using the transit unit. Microsoft Office Excel 2007 was used for statistical analysis. About 59% of the total passengers reported discomfort using Tricycle. Among these, 26.6% complained of strains at hips/upper legs, 22.9% neck pains and 21.0% knees/lower legs. More than 23% of the affected attributed this to lack of space for legs’ adjustment. All seats’ dimensions deviated from the required standard. The z-test result also showed significant differences for 87.5% of the total measured in-element parameters when compared with corresponding 95th anthropometric data of users from SW/EN. The study showed that passengers using Tricycles are susceptible to injuries connected with awkward postures, vibrations and external contact stress. Improving design with the recommended standards for urban transport, as suggested by the finding, may help in overtaking these challenges.
Energy Models of Zigbee-Based Wireless Sensor Networks for Smart-Farm
Authors:   Department of Information and Communication Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Environmental Design, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, Nigeria, Bello Said Hilal , Nordin Rosdiadee ,   Centre of Advanced Electronic & Communication Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Abdullah Nor Fadzilah ,   Centre of Advanced Electronic & Communication Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we evaluated several network routing energy models for smart farm application with consideration of several factors, such as mobility, traffic size and node size using wireless ZigBee technology. The energy models considered are generic, MICA and Zigbee compliant MICAz models. Wireless sensor networks deployment under several scenarios are considered in this paper, taken into account commercial farm specification with varying complex network deployment circumstances to further understand the energy constraint and requirement of the smart farm application. Several performance indicators, such as packet delivery ratio, throughput, jitter and the energy consumption are evaluated and analysed. The simulation result shows that both throughput and packet delivery ratio increases as the nodes density is increased, indicating that, smart farm network with higher nodes density have a superior Quality of Service (QoS) than networks with sparsely deployed nodes. It is also revealed that traffic from the mobile nodes causes increase in the energy consumption, overall network throughput, average end-to-end delay and average jitter, compared to static nodes traffic. Based on the results obtained, the Generic radio energy models consumed the highest total energy, while MICAz energy consumption model offers the least consumption, having the lowest ‘Idle’ and ‘receive’ modes consumption. The MICAz model also has the lowest total consumed energy as compared with the other energy models, suggesting that it is the most suitable energy model that should be adopted for future smart farm deployment.
Effect of Film Thickness on Photoelectrochemical Performance of Titanium Dioxide (TiO2 ) Prepared Via Aerosol Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition (AACVD) Method
Authors:   Institut Penyelidikan Tenaga Suria (SERI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia., Soh-Yusoff Mohd Fairuz , Mohamad Noh Mohamad Firdaus ,   Institut Penyelidikan Tenaga Suria (SERI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia., Hoong Teh Chin ,   Program ASASIpintar, Pusat PERMATApintar Negara Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia, Ahmad Ludin Norasikin ,   Institut Penyelidikan Tenaga Suria (SERI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia., Ibrahim Mohd Adib ,   Institut Penyelidikan Tenaga Suria (SERI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia., Mat Teridi Mohd Asri ,   Institut Penyelidikan Tenaga Suria (SERI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia., Mohd Yusoff Abd. Rashid ,   Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, South Korea
Published: March 2023

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a wide band gap semiconductor, which owing to its photoconversion properties in UV spectrum range shows various useful applications. In this study, aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition (AACVD) technique was employed to deposite TiO2 thin films with different thickness based on different deposition time (3, 5 and 7 mins). The films were deposited at temperature of 450oC. Using AACVD technique, deposited TiO2 layer on (Fluorin doped tin oxide) FTO glass became very thin layer with compact structure. Titanium diisopropoxide bis(acetylacetonate) and ethanol were used to prepare the AACVD precursor. TiO2 thin film samples were characterized on their morphological and roughness using atomic force microscopy (AFM) which showed a porous morphology structure of the thin films. The optical properties were studied using UV-Vis transmittance spectra and showed the film are highly transparent in the visible region with suitable bandgap were obtained. The performances of the thin films were characterized using linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and electrochemical spectroscopy (EIS). TiO2 -5 min obtained an average thickness of 61 nm showed the best J-V performance of 6.30 × 10-4 A/cm-2 with lowest charge resistant. In addition, the deposition film obtained also showed excellent adherence to the substrate, reproducible and uniform thin film. Based on the results obtained, the prepared TiO2 using AACVD is very suitable to be used in many applications such as third generation solar cell which require low thickness, porous, highly transparent, photoactive and stable thin film to be applied.
A Pterygium Disease Screening System for Anterior Segment Photographed Images
Authors:   Department of Electrical, Electronics and System Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Ahmad Siti Nur Aishah , Wan Zaki Wan Mimi Diyana ,   Department of Electrical, Electronics and System Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, M Zamani Nurul Syahira ,   Department of Electrical, Electronics and System Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia
Published: March 2023

Pterygium is an eye disease occurs when an overgrowth tissue encroaches into a cornea region of the eye. It commonly affects people who live near-equatorial areas such as Malaysia and being exposed to a condition with excessive wind, ultraviolet radiation or dust. One of the conventional ways of pterygium detection is a manual screening approach by ophthalmologists. Pterygium is diagnosed after a physical examination of the eyes is conducted. The eye images are photographed to monitor the growth of the pterygium tissues. If necessary, specialized diagnostic tests may be done, particularly when the pterygium extends onto the cornea regions. For instance, a corneal topography will be used to map the surface of the cornea to detect any distortions that may arise with a larger pterygium tissues growth. To the best of our knowledge, there are limited numbers of studies that applied digital image processing (DIP) approach to early detect this ocular disease using anterior segment photographed images (ASPIs). Hence, this project proposes an algorithm to identify pterygium disease using ASPIs obtained from four different databases that are UBIRIS, MILES, RAFAEL, and QPEI. The proposed screening system consists of 4 main modules namely ASPIs data collection, cornea segmentation, feature extraction and pterygium detection modules. By calculating the ratio of radius in the cornea segmented regions and using a threshold value of 1.00, the pterygium detection results give 90.60% True Positive (TP), 77.24% True Negative (TN), 22.76% False Positive (FP) and 9.40% False Negative (FN).
Reactive-Active Power Control for Grid-Connected PV Arrays to Enlarge the Hosting Capacity in A Low Voltage Distribution System
Authors:   School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Malaysia, Abunima Hamza , Teh Jiashen ,   School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Malaysia, Jumma Hussein ,   School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Malaysia
Published: March 2023

The stochastic behavior of solar radiation is one of the challenges faced by increasing the hosting capacity of the photovoltaic (PV) power. At times of exceptional high PV power output, unacceptable voltage rise could happen at PV system terminals. Violating the voltage threshold adversely affect the power quality and security at the customer sides. In order to avoid this, the PV system is normally disconnected during high PV power output, thus causing losses in power generated. Local control approaches have been introduced as a measure to overcome this issue by using only the inverter. One of these approaches is to control the reactive power output of a PV unit in order to suppress the voltage rise without ceasing the PV system. The results from this paper have shown that the existing reactive power control (RPC) approach is unable to suppress this voltage rise effectively in case of low X/R ratio. Active power curtailment (APC) is another approach that results in remarkable power losses. Hence, this paper proposes a methodology that combines both RPC and APC approaches to limit the voltage rise in a low voltage distribution feeder. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology have been examined and demonstrated in this paper. The obtained results show the superiority of the proposed methodology over the conventional approaches, which enlarges the hosting capacity for PV power penetration in a low voltage distribution system.
Catalytic Performance of Pt/rGO using Stacked Layer Technique for DSSC Counter Electrode
Authors:   Solar Energy Research Institute (SERI), Research Complex, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Bolhan Aisyah , Ahmad Ludin Norasikin ,   Solar Energy Research Institute (SERI), Research Complex, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Mohd Nor Najah Syahirah ,   Solar Energy Research Institute (SERI), Research Complex, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Ibrahim Mohd Adib ,   Solar Energy Research Institute (SERI), Research Complex, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Sepeai Suhaila ,   Solar Energy Research Institute (SERI), Research Complex, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Mat Teridi Mohd Asri ,   Solar Energy Research Institute (SERI), Research Complex, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Sopian Kamaruzzaman ,   Solar Energy Research Institute (SERI), Research Complex, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Zaharim Azami ,   Fundamental Studies of Engineering Unit, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Published: March 2023

The stacked layer technique of platinum (Pt) and reduce graphene oxide (rGO) counters electrode thin film fabricated by using doctor blade method was prepared. The first layer with direct intact on fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) glass substrate was graphene thin film and second layer on top of graphene layer was Pt thin film. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were performed on the thin films to determine the formation of crystallite structure and the surface roughness of the thin films, respectively. The crystallite size was determined from XRD data and it shows that Pt/rGO-10 thin film has the suitable crystal size for a better catalytic activity. As for surface roughness analysis from AFM images, Pt and Pt/rGO thin films exhibit the rougher surface compared to rGO thin film. The thin films were further analysed using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) to observe the adhesion of Pt and rGO on FTO glass substrate in nanoscale image. The catalytic activity of each thin film was measured by cyclic voltammetry (CV). The Pt/rGO counter electrode of 10μl aqueous graphene oxide denoted as Pt/rGO-10 has high catalytic activity compare to Pt. The Pt/rGO-10 recorded the highest current density at -3.075 mA/cm-2 indicate a high catalytic activity at the counter electrode. Thus, Pt/rGO-10 counter electrode thin film deemed as comparable to conventional counter electrode material which is Pt. Therefore, Pt/rGO-10 counter electrode is expected to improve the performance of Dye-sensitized solar cell.
Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation on the Heat Sink Performance of a Graphics Processing Unit Thermal Management
Authors:   Centre for Integrated Design for Most Advanced Mechanical System, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Harun Zambri , Suang Ng Jie ,   Centre for Integrated Design for Most Advanced Mechanical System, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, W. Mahmood W. M. Faizal ,   Centre for Integrated Design for Most Advanced Mechanical System, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Abdullah Mahir Faris ,   Centre for Integrated Design for Most Advanced Mechanical System, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Reda Lotfy Eslam ,   Centre for Integrated Design for Most Advanced Mechanical System, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia
Published: March 2023

The article focuses on the numerical investigation of temperature distribution in a central processing units (CPU) case with different time interval such as t = 100 s, 200 s, 300 s, 400 s, 500 s. Heat sink performance of a graphics processing unit (GPU) thermal management and impacts of different shape and velocity on the thermal performance are considered. In this study, three heat sink models are designed (A, B, and C) based on the volume area of heat sink. This study emphasizes the heat transfer phenomena caused by a GPU in a computer case in both steady state and transient state. A CFD software STAR – CCM + is used to carry out to study the fluid flow and heat transfer simulation of graphics card heat sink in a computer case and the same time an enhanced method of reducing the temperature of GPU is proposed. The results show that heat sink B with the least volume area, has the fastest rate of heat exchange followed by heat sink C and heat sink A. Likewise, the result indicates an inverse relationship between the volume and the total surface of the heat sink and the final temperature of the graphics card chip. As the total volume and surface of the heat sink increases, the rate of heat transfer increases via faster rate of conduction between graphics card chip to heat sink meanwhile the cooling of the heat sink is aided by wind inlet via convection.
Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition Engine: A Review
Authors:   Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Yusof Zuhairizan , Mohamed Radzwan Siti Umairah ,   Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Rosli Zuzailie ,   Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Razzaq Abdulmohsin Aldaedin Alaa ,   Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Abu Mansor Mohd Radzi ,   Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia
Published: March 2023

Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) is an efficient dual-fuel engine combustion technology that can offer low emission level in internal combustion engine technology. RCCI technology works by generating reactivity stratification in the cylinder with two fuels of different cetane numbers. To accomplish reactivity stratification, the fuel with lower reactivity is premixed with air before charging into the combustion chamber. The fuel with higher reactivity is injected subsequently using a direct injector. By properly manipulating the fuel ratio and the injection timing, one is able to regulate the combustion phasing and lessen the rates of pressure rise and heat release thanks to the reactivity gradient. Meanwhile, factors such as compression ratio (CR) and piston bowl geometry could influence the characteristics of RCCI. Evaporation, mixing, and combustion processes are dependent on the fuel type. In this paper, recent progress to improve the combustion processes with several aspects of changing of RCCI engine parameter are reviewed, such as management strategy, compression ratio, EGR rate, and bowl geometry.
Bladder cancer: what’s new in 2021–2022
Authors: Karyakin O. B.
Published: March 2023

This review presents the main lines of research on bladder cancer in 2021 and 2022. The review largely focuses on molecular studies in the context of primary diagnosis and disease progression. Based on molecular and genetic data, 3 main types of bladder cancer with varying sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs can be identified. The main treatment approach to invasive bladder cancer is cystectomy. Data on complications after radical cystectomy in different followup periods depending on experience, as well as comparative results of open and robot-assisted surgeries in the context of time expenditure and complications are discussed. Methods of organ-saving treatment as alternatives to cystectomy are being developed. New regimens of drug treatment in combination with external beam radiotherapy are being investigated. In some studies, results of drug treatment are equal to results of radical cystectomy. Active investigation of new chemotherapy drugs for improvement of treatment results of advanced bladder cancer continues.
Prospective study of prostate cancer detection using multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging ultrasound-guided fusion, standard, and saturation biopsy
Authors: Petov V. S. , Timofeeva E. Yu. , Bazarkin A. K. , Morozov A. O. , Taratkin M. S. , Ganzha T. M. , Danilov S. P. , Chernov Ya. N. , Abdusalamov A. F. , Amosov A. V. , Enikeev D. V. , Krupinov G. E.
Published: March 2023

Background. Currently, about 80 % of men with low-grade prostate cancer (per ISUP 1 (International Society of Urological Pathology)) have indications for radical treatment. Overdiagnosis of low-grade cancer is associated with the use of systematic biopsy methods (standard transrectal, saturation) under ultrasound control for diagnosis verification. To improve prostate cancer diagnosis, the European Association of Urology (2019) recommended multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging before biopsy, and in case of detection of a suspicious lesion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-targeted biopsy. In clinical practice, the most common method of MRI-targeted biopsy is multiparametric MRI ultrasound-guided (mpMRI/US) fusion biopsy. However, some studies show contradictory results in detection of prostate cancer using systematic and MRI-targeted biopsy techniques.

Aim. To compare detection of clinically significant prostate cancer (ISUP ≥2) using mpMRI/US fusion, standard, and saturation biopsy.

Materials and methods. The study included 96 patients. The following inclusion criteria were applied: prostate-specific antigen >2 ng/mL and/or detection of a suspicious lesion during digital rectal and/or transrectal ultrasound examination, and PI-RADS (Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System) v.2.1 score ≥3. At the first stage, “unblinded” urologist performed a transperineal mpMRI/US fusion and saturation biopsies. At the second stage, “blinded” urologist performed standard transrectal biopsy. Clinically significant cancer was defined as ISUP ≥2.

Results. Median age was 63 years, prostate volume – 47 cm3, prostate-specific antigen – 6.82 ng/mL. MpMRI/US fusion, standard, and saturation biopsies were comparable in regard to the rate of detection of clinically significant (29, 24, 28 %; p = 0.81) and clinically insignificant (25, 26, 35 %; p = 0.43) cancer. Overall prostate cancer detection rates were also similar: 54, 50, 63 %, respectively (p = 0.59). The percentages of positive cores in mpMRI/US fusion, standard, and saturation biopsies were 33, 10 and 13 %, respectively (p <0.01). The maximal core length in mpMRI/US was 6.4 mm, in standard biopsy – 6.35 mm, in saturation biopsy – 5.1 mm (p = 0.7).

Conclusion. Detection rates of clinically significant, clinically insignificant prostate cancer and overall detection rate are comparable between systematic biopsy techniques and mpMRI/US fusion biopsy.