bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La reconnaissance des acquis et des compétences, une transdiscipline ?1
Authors: de Champlain Yves , Hutchison Martin , Boudreault Henri , Chastenay Pierre , Girard Annie , Laurin Daniel
Published: April 2023

La validation sociale des savoirs issus de la pratique par la reconnaissance des acquis et des compétences (RAC) crée une situation où la disciplinarité constitue un problème. La RAC se doit d’être centrée sur le plan disciplinaire si elle veut remplir son rôle, notamment par l’émission de diplômes. Pourtant, c’est cette même centration qui constitue l’un de ses principaux obstacles dans le contexte de plus en plus complexe dans lequel elle doit opérer. C’est en ce sens que nous proposons une posture transdisciplinaire pour la reconnaissance universitaire des acquis extrascolaires. Le projet est d’aborder une réalité complexe et systémique impliquant divers niveaux de réalité qui se traduisent par la mise en dialogue de ces niveaux. Il en découle une vision nuancée où les différents acteurs se trouvent, chacun à sa manière, confrontés aux diverses dimensions de la reconnaissance.
Argumenter sur l’argumentation : regards croisés sur les apports de la transdisciplinarité en recherche
Authors: Lalancette Mireille , Caty Marie-Ève , Drolet Marie-Josée
Published: April 2023

Dans le cadre de cet article, nous utilisons notre expérience de recherche et de rédaction de l’ABC de l’argumentation pour les professionnels de la santé ou toute autre personne qui veut convaincre (publié aux Presses de l’Université du Québec) comme un tremplin pour réfléchir à notre collaboration interdisciplinaire et transdisciplinaire. Nous présentons la manière dont nous avons collaboré au fil des ans ainsi que la façon dont nos regards différents, mais complémentaires, sur un même objet – l’argumentation – ont permis (1) d’offrir une perspective riche et diversifiée sur cet objet de recherche, (2) d’alimenter des discussions épistémologiques et éthiques, (3) de bonifier nos regards respectifs et (4) de développer une collaboration féconde. Ces réflexions nous permettront de revenir plus largement, et de manière plus théorique, sur notre approche de la transdisciplinarité, laquelle nous apparaît pertinente pour aborder divers enjeux sociaux contemporains, liés à nos disciplines respectives et à ceux relatifs à l’intersectionnalité.
Roman Republican Statehood in the works of S. I. Kovalev
Authors: Vasil'ev Andrei Vladimirovich , Prigodich Nikita Dmitrievich
Published: April 2023

The subject of this article is the scientific work of the outstanding Soviet historian of antiquity S. I. Kovalev, related to the history of the Roman Republic and its state institutions. The authors analyze the hypotheses expressed by Kovalev on the most controversial problems of the history of republican statehood and compare them with the theories that existed at that time in Western historiography, as well as pre-revolutionary Russian historiography. The authors refer not only to the works of the Soviet scientist himself, his predecessors and contemporaries, but also to archival materials, namely to the correspondence of S. I. Kovalev with his foreign colleagues. The appeal to the study of Soviet historiography of ancient history is currently becoming more and more relevant among Russian antiquarians, but there is still no detailed analysis of S. I. Kovalev's scientific work in Russian historiography. The authors show the validity of many assumptions made by S. I. Kovalev for the level of development of scientific knowledge in the study of the history of ancient Rome in the middle of the XX century, as well as the continuity of many of its provisions from the hypotheses of the outstanding pre-revolutionary Russian antiquarian I. V. Netushil. In addition, the paper demonstrates the groundlessness of the widespread point of view about the complete isolation of Soviet historical science from the global one.
Some new relations between T(a1,a2,a3,a4,a5;n) and N(a1,a2,a3,a4,a5;n)
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Lovely Professional University, Vandna Vandna , Kaur Mandeep ,   Department of Mathematics, Abhayapuri College
Published: April 2023

Let $N(a_1,a_2,a_3,a_4,a_5;n)$ and $T(a_1,a_2,a_3,a_4,a_5;n)$ count the representations of $n$ as $a_1x_1^2+a_2x_2^2+a_3x_3^2+a_4x_4^2+a_5x_5^2$ and $a_1X_1(X_1+1)/2+a_2X_2(X_2+1)/2+a_3X_3(X_3+1)/2+a_4X_4(X_4+1)/2+a_5X_5(X_5+1)/2$, respectively, where $a_1,a_2,a_3,a_4,a_5$ are positive integers, $x_1,x_2,x_3,x_4,x_5$ are integers and $n,X_1,X_2,X_3,X_4,X_5$ are nonnegative integers. In this paper, we establish some new relations between $N(a_1,a_2,a_3,a_4,a_5;n)$ and $T(a_1,a_2,a_3,a_4,a_5;n)$. Also, we prove that $T(a_1,a_2,a_3,a_4,a_5;n)$ is a linear combination of $N(a_1,a_2,a_3,a_4,a_5;m)$ and $N(a_1,a_2,a_3,a_4,a_5;m/4)$, where $m=8n+a_1+a_2+a_3+a_4+a_5$, for various values of $a_1,a_2,a_3,$ $a_4,a_5$.
A genetic and linguistic analysis of the admixture histories of the islands of Cabo Verde
Authors: Laurent Romain , Szpiech Zachary A , da Costa Sergio S , Thouzeau Valentin , Fortes-Lima Cesar A , Dessarps-Freichey Françoise , Lémée Laure , Utgé José , Rosenberg Noah A , Baptista Marlyse , Verdu Paul
Published: April 2023

From the 15th to the 19th century, the Trans-Atlantic Slave-Trade (TAST) influenced the genetic and cultural diversity of numerous populations. We explore genomic and linguistic data from the nine islands of Cabo Verde, the earliest European colony of the era in Africa, a major Slave-Trade platform between the 16th and 19th centuries, and a previously uninhabited location ideal for investigating early admixture events between Europeans and Africans. Using local-ancestry inference approaches, we find that genetic admixture in Cabo Verde occurred primarily between Iberian and certain Senegambian populations, although forced and voluntary migrations to the archipelago involved numerous other populations. Inter-individual genetic and linguistic variation recapitulates the geographic distribution of individuals’ birth-places across Cabo Verdean islands, following an isolation-by-distance model with reduced genetic and linguistic effective dispersals within the archipelago, and suggesting that Kriolu language variants have developed together with genetic divergences at very reduced geographical scales. Furthermore, based on approximate bayesian computation inferences of highly complex admixture histories, we find that admixture occurred early on each island, long before the 18th-century massive TAST deportations triggered by the expansion of the plantation economy in Africa and the Americas, and after this era mostly during the abolition of the TAST and of slavery in European colonial empires. Our results illustrate how shifting socio-cultural relationships between enslaved and non-enslaved communities during and after the TAST, shaped enslaved-African descendants’ genomic diversity and structure on both sides of the Atlantic.
Stimulation of the catalytic activity of the tyrosine kinase Btk by the adaptor protein Grb2
Authors: Nocka Laura M , Eisen Timothy J , Iavarone Anthony T , Groves Jay T , Kuriyan John
Published: April 2023

The Tec-family kinase Btk contains a lipid-binding Pleckstrin homology and Tec homology (PH-TH) module connected by a proline-rich linker to a ‘Src module’, an SH3-SH2-kinase unit also found in Src-family kinases and Abl. We showed previously that Btk is activated by PH-TH dimerization, which is triggered on membranes by the phosphatidyl inositol phosphate PIP3, or in solution by inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6) (Wang et al., 2015, https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.06074). We now report that the ubiquitous adaptor protein growth-factor-receptor-bound protein 2 (Grb2) binds to and substantially increases the activity of PIP3-bound Btk on membranes. Using reconstitution on supported-lipid bilayers, we find that Grb2 can be recruited to membrane-bound Btk through interaction with the proline-rich linker in Btk. This interaction requires intact Grb2, containing both SH3 domains and the SH2 domain, but does not require that the SH2 domain be able to bind phosphorylated tyrosine residues – thus Grb2 bound to Btk is free to interact with scaffold proteins via the SH2 domain. We show that the Grb2-Btk interaction recruits Btk to scaffold-mediated signaling clusters in reconstituted membranes. Our findings indicate that PIP3-mediated dimerization of Btk does not fully activate Btk, and that Btk adopts an autoinhibited state at the membrane that is released by Grb2.
Optimal cancer evasion in a dynamic immune microenvironment generates diverse post-escape tumor antigenicity profiles
Authors: George Jason T , Levine Herbert
Published: April 2023

The failure of cancer treatments, including immunotherapy, continues to be a major obstacle in preventing durable remission. This failure often results from tumor evolution, both genotypic and phenotypic, away from sensitive cell states. Here, we propose a mathematical framework for studying the dynamics of adaptive immune evasion that tracks the number of tumor-associated antigens available for immune targeting. We solve for the unique optimal cancer evasion strategy using stochastic dynamic programming and demonstrate that this policy results in increased cancer evasion rates compared to a passive, fixed strategy. Our foundational model relates the likelihood and temporal dynamics of cancer evasion to features of the immune microenvironment, where tumor immunogenicity reflects a balance between cancer adaptation and host recognition. In contrast with a passive strategy, optimally adaptive evaders navigating varying selective environments result in substantially heterogeneous post-escape tumor antigenicity, giving rise to immunogenically hot and cold tumors.
Poor air quality is associated with impaired visual cognition in the first two years of life: A longitudinal investigation
Authors: Spencer John P , Forbes Samuel H , Naylor Sophie , Singh Vinay P , Jackson Kiara , Deoni Sean , Tiwari Madhuri , Kumar Aarti
Published: April 2023

Background:

Poor air quality has been linked to cognitive deficits in children, but this relationship has not been examined in the first year of life when brain growth is at its peak.

Methods:

We measured in-home air quality focusing on particulate matter with diameter of <2.5 μm (PM2.5) and infants’ cognition longitudinally in a sample of families from rural India.

Results:

Air quality was poorer in homes that used solid cooking materials. Infants from homes with poorer air quality showed lower visual working memory scores at 6 and 9 months of age and slower visual processing speed from 6 to 21 months when controlling for family socio-economic status.

Conclusions:

Thus, poor air quality is associated with impaired visual cognition in the first two years of life, consistent with animal studies of early brain development. We demonstrate for the first time an association between air quality and cognition in the first year of life using direct measures of in-home air quality and looking-based measures of cognition. Because indoor air quality was linked to cooking materials in the home, our findings suggest that efforts to reduce cooking emissions should be a key target for intervention.

Funding:

Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation grant OPP1164153.
A toxin-mediated policing system in Bacillus optimizes division of labor via penalizing cheater-like nonproducers
Authors: Huang Rong , Shao Jiahui , Xu Zhihui , Chen Yuqi , Liu Yunpeng , Wang Dandan , Feng Haichao , Xun Weibing , Shen Qirong , Zhang Nan , Zhang Ruifu
Published: April 2023

Division of labor, where subpopulations perform complementary tasks simultaneously within an assembly, characterizes major evolutionary transitions of cooperation in certain cases. Currently, the mechanism and significance of mediating the interaction between different cell types during the division of labor, remain largely unknown. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanism and ecological function of a policing system for optimizing the division of labor in Bacillus velezensis SQR9. During biofilm formation, cells differentiated into the extracellular matrix (ECM)-producers and cheater-like nonproducers. ECM-producers were also active in the biosynthesis of genomic island-governed toxic bacillunoic acids (BAs) and self-resistance; while the nonproducers were sensitive to this antibiotic and could be partially eliminated. Spo0A was identified to be the co-regulator for triggering both ECM production and BAs synthesis/immunity. Besides its well-known regulation of ECM secretion, Spo0A activates acetyl-CoA carboxylase to produce malonyl-CoA, which is essential for BAs biosynthesis, thereby stimulating BAs production and self-immunity. Finally, the policing system not only excluded ECM-nonproducing cheater-like individuals but also improved the production of other public goods such as protease and siderophore, consequently, enhancing the population stability and ecological fitness under stress conditions and in the rhizosphere. This study provides insights into our understanding of the maintenance and evolution of microbial cooperation.
Temperature sensitivity of the interspecific interaction strength of coastal marine fish communities
Authors: Ushio Masayuki , Sado Testuya , Fukuchi Takehiko , Sasano Sachia , Masuda Reiji , Osada Yutaka , Miya Masaki
Published: April 2023

The effects of temperature on interaction strengths are important for understanding and forecasting how global climate change impacts marine ecosystems; however, tracking and quantifying interactions of marine fish species are practically difficult especially under field conditions, and thus, how temperature influences their interaction strengths under field conditions remains poorly understood. We herein performed quantitative fish environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding on 550 seawater samples that were collected twice a month from 11 coastal sites for 2 years in the Boso Peninsula, Japan, and analyzed eDNA monitoring data using nonlinear time series analytical tools. We detected fish–fish interactions as information flow between eDNA time series, reconstructed interaction networks for the top 50 frequently detected species, and quantified pairwise, fluctuating interaction strengths. Although there was a large variation, water temperature influenced fish–fish interaction strengths. The impact of water temperature on interspecific interaction strengths varied among fish species, suggesting that fish species identity influences the temperature effects on interactions. For example, interaction strengths that Halichoeres tenuispinis and Microcanthus strigatus received strongly increased with water temperature, while those of Engraulis japonicus and Girella punctata decreased with water temperature. An increase in water temperature induced by global climate change may change fish interactions in a complex way, which consequently influences marine community dynamics and stability. Our research demonstrates a practical research framework to study the effects of environmental variables on interaction strengths of marine communities in nature, which would contribute to understanding and predicting natural marine ecosystem dynamics.
Missense mutations in CRX homeodomain cause dominant retinopathies through two distinct mechanisms
Authors: Zheng Yiqiao , Sun Chi , Zhang Xiaodong , Ruzycki Philip A. , Chen Shiming
Published: April 2023

Homeodomain transcription factors (HD TFs) are instrumental to vertebrate development. Mutations in HD TFs have been linked to human diseases, but their pathogenic mechanisms remain elusive. Here we use Cone-Rod Homeobox (CRX) as a model to decipher the disease-causing mechanisms of two HD mutations, p . E80A and p . K88N , that produce severe dominant retinopathies. Through integrated analysis of molecular and functional evidence in vitro and in knock-in mouse models, we uncover two novel gain-of-function mechanisms: p . E80A increases CRX-mediated transactivation of canonical CRX target genes in developing photoreceptors; p . K88N alters CRX DNA-binding specificity resulting in binding at ectopic sites and severe perturbation of CRX target gene expression. Both mechanisms produce novel retinal morphological defects and hinder photoreceptor maturation distinct from loss-of-function models. This study reveals the distinct roles of E80 and K88 residues in CRX HD regulatory functions and emphasizes the importance of transcriptional precision in normal development.
Introduction
Authors: Aspaas Per Pippin
Published: April 2023

The sixteenth volume in the series presents all articles on the aurora borealis that were published in the journal of the Swedish Societas Regia Literaria et Scientiarum (now Kungl. Vetenskaps-Societeten i Uppsala) from 1730 to 1739. The articles are by the society’s secretary, the professor of astronomy in Uppsala, Anders (in Latin: Andreas) Celsius and by several other Swedish professionals and amateurs of science. In the introduction to this volume, neo-Latinist and historian of science Per Pippin Aspaas summarizes the contents of all articles dealing with the aurora and presents extracts of these texts in English translation. He also provides a short history of the society in the period and gives brief presentations of Anders Celsius, Herman Spöring, Sven Hof, Johan Göstaf Hallman, Johan Sparschuch and Nils Wallerius as auroral researchers.
Pyrus calleryana extracts reduce germination of native grassland species, suggesting the potential for allelopathic effects during ecological invasion
Authors: Woods Michaela J. , Bauer Jonathan T. , Schaeffer Dena , McEwan Ryan W.
Published: April 2023

Invasive plant species’ success may be a result of allelopathy, or the release of secondary metabolites that are harmful for surrounding plant species. Allelopathy can be mediated through the abiotic environment by chemical sorption or transformation, so the substrate on which interactions occur can lead to differential outcomes in allelopathic potential. One aggressive invader, Pyrus calleryana, has become dominant in many ecosystems throughout Eastern US, and has reduced the abundance of native species where it invades. Thus, our goal was to identify if P. calleryana had allelopathic potential by testing the impact of leaf and flower leachate on gemination of six common grassland species (three grasses and three forbs) in either sterilized sand or field collected soils. Germination of five out of six tested species was reduced by P. calleryana leaf litter, with weaker impacts from flower leachate. This suggests that allelopathy is one mechanism driving the success of P. calleryana and that allelopathic effects may change with plant phenology. For instance, P. calleryana has late leaf senescence in the fall and copious blooming in the spring that may elongate the timeframe that allelopathic inhibition can occur. Further, germination was higher in sand than in soil, suggesting that the context of the abiotic environment can mediate this relationship. In our study, two grass species that could be overabundant in restored grasslands had higher germination rates in soil than sand and one was not altered by P. calleryana suggesting that this relationship could further promote the overabundance of grass species. Taken together, P. calleryana likely inhibits the germination of native species where it invades, but there is context dependency of this relationship with both soil chemistry and seasonality.
Homoeopathic medicine in different scales of potencies in the management of osteoarthritis – a systematic review
Authors: Stevenson S. , Patil Vinodini V.
Published: April 2023

To assess the evidence for homoeopathic medication taken orally in variouspotencies in the treatment for osteoarthritis. Randomized clinical trials as well as animal experiments comparing homoeopathic medicine to placebo or alternative therapies for osteoarthritis (OA) were considered for inclusion. Systematic database searches and manual backtracking through reference list were used to find them. Information on the result, statistical significance, comparison to the placebo or alternative treatment, and side effects were retrieved. The primary studies methodological caliber was assessed until January 2023. In this review, four trials were chosen, and three of them found evidence that the centesimal scale of potency was successful in treating OA. One study had potency on a decimalscale. The majority of the research design substances investigated lacked significant negative effects. The so-called most recent and fresh form of potencies, 50 millesimal (LM scale) has notyet been researched.As conclusion, we were unable to reach any conclusions regarding the proper scale of potency because the data from the published articles was so limited due to the dearth of randomized controlled trials in the field. It is expected that research would increase and focus in particular on the practical applicability of homoeopathic medicine in various potencies
Miasm (Psora) in case of generalized anxiety disorder: a review article
Authors: Surabhi  , Rao Patil Vinodini Vasant
Published: April 2023

Generalized anxiety disorder is one the many types of anxiety disorder where there is excess of worry which is out of proportion to the impact of the event. The excess of worry disturb the normal functioning and these people are overly concerned about daily matters example such as health issue. Money, family problems, friendship, interpersonal relationship problem, work difficulties and death. The homoeopathic concept of disease is closely related with the concept of chronic miasm .it is a system of medicine which has its own unique etiological causes in form of three miasm ie psora, sycosis and syphilis. Psora is the root cause of all mental diseases and the dominant miasm in cases of all anxiety disorder.
Homoeopathic management of stress of essential hypertension patients : A literature review
Authors: Patil Barkha Dipak , Nerlekar Mrinal Ashish
Published: April 2023

Hypertension kills insidiously as it is commonly asymptomatic. Stress is conceived to be a significant contributing element towards development of essential hypertension. Homeopathy being the second largest system of medicine has immense scope, allowing in depth study of stress and offering individualized approach to these cases of stress led essential hypertension. There are several homoeopathic medicines which could prove useful in managing stress of essentialhypertension. This article attempts to review some of the existing literature in this context discussing role of homoeopathy in management of stress of essential hypertension patients.
Homoeopathic rare remedies for osteoarthritis of knee joint
Authors: Khan Sadaf
Published: April 2023

The 2 nd most common rheumatological problem and most frequent joint disease is osteoarthritis. The prevalence of osteoarthritis in India ranges from 22% to 39%. OA is more common in females than  males and its prevalence increases with advanced age. As per the literature available osteoarthritis of the knee joint is mostly seen in the population. Various complementary and alternative therapy is open to the patients to choose the best for themselves. There are side effects seen with NSAID’s thus patients are moving towards modalities in CAM. The homeopathic system of medicine has remedies that are already proven on human beings having no side effects to the patients, yet are effective. Homoeopathy offers a great chance for patients suffering from the pain, stiffness and limitation in daily activities. This particular article is listed with a few rare homoeopathic remedies indicated in homoeopathic materia medica for osteoarthritis like Angustura vera, ArgemoneMexicana, Formica rufa, Jacaranda Caroba, Osteoarthritic Nosode, Salicylic acid, Slag.
Архипелаг свободных людей (на книгу: Горяшко А. Острова блаженных: История биологических станций Белого и Баренцева морей), "Природа"
Authors: Квартальнов П.В.
Published: April 2023

Книга Александры Горяшко «Острова блаженных» посвящена истории российских биологических станций, расположенных на берегах Белого и Баренцева морей, от основания до современности.
Нижний Дон: уникальная речная артерия и ее экологические проблемы, "Природа"
Authors: Матишов Г.Г. , Хорошев О.А. , Сушко К.С. , Степаньян О.В. , Малик Ю.В.
Published: April 2023

Рассказывается о результатах комплексной научной экспедиции Южного научного центра РАН по берегам Нижнего Дона и Цимлянского водохранилища в пределах Ростовской и Волгоградской областей, проведенной в сентябре 2022 г. при поддержке Русского географического общества. Целью экспедиции было изучение современного состояния донских береговых ландшафтов и прибрежной акватории.
ПРОСТРАНСТВО-ВРЕМЯ ИДЕЙ В.И. ВЕРНАДСКОГО: НАУЧНЫЕ ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЯ ФИЛОСОФИИ КОСМИЗМА, "Земля и Вселенная"
Authors: Оносов А.А.
Published: April 2023

Текущие обстоятельства мирового бытия в его социокультурном, технокультурном и геополитическом выражениях дают основания предполагать, что планетарный социум входит в фазу исторической сингулярности. Другими словами, в состояние фундаментальной неопределенности перспектив и стратегий дальнейшего развития цивилизации. В этих условиях философия космизма и учение В. И. Вернадского о биосфере и ее эволюционном переходе в ноосферу может послужить универсальной мировоззренческой платформой. Это комплексный ответ на старые вызовы человечеству в новых онтологических реалиях, отражающих запрос на стратегии общепланетного развития.
Emerging diseases in Australian oysters and the challenges of climate change and uncertain futures
Authors: Scanes Elliot , O’Connor Wayne A. , Seymour Justin R. , Siboni Nachshon , Parker Laura M. , Ross Pauline M.
Published: April 2023

Oysters are a valuable and iconic seafood, deeply rooted in Australian culture. However, oysters have always been vulnerable to disease, with disease outbreaks leading to mass mortality events that regularly cost the oyster aquaculture industry millions of dollars and affect livelihoods. Notably, there is evidence that climate change is rapidly causing the emergence of new diseases alongside the amplification of impacts of existing diseases. This is because warming, acidification and freshening of coastal and estuarine habitats is affecting the three axes of disease; the host, the external environment and the pathogens. Here we explore how climate change is likely to impact all three axes of disease in Australian oyster aquaculture. Climate change is affecting oyster physiology, leading to weaker immune defences that allow for increased susceptibility to viral and bacterial infections. For example, there is evidence that recent heavy rain events precede oyster disease in estuaries. In addition, climate change is increasing the abundance and virulence of bacterial and viral pathogens, potentially resulting in the introduction of novel disease into new habitats. In order to remain viable, we suggest that the Australian oyster industry needs to enhance selective breeding programs currently underway with a diversification of products and research on emerging diseases to ensure resilience in the sector.
Small-Scale Fishing Community of Haor Areas: What Matters to Them
Authors: Tanha Rahatul Zannat , Antor Sabya Sachi Chanda , Saha Swarna
Published: April 2023

Small-scale fishing communities in haor areas are among the most vulnerable to climate change and poverty. The aim of this study is to investigate the context of small-scale fishing communities in Sunamganj and nearby regions in terms of climate change and poverty. Haor regions are critical to the Bangladeshi economy, and many of people rely on them for a living. Small-scale fishing communities in Sunamganj are regarded the most vulnerable among the populations who live in haor regions because they are socially disadvantaged, undereducated, lack market access, have the identity of a working-class community, and have no notion how to change their fortunes. Due of climate change, the environment in many locations is changing, and as a result, the supply of fish is diminishing year after year. Additionally, the regular flash floods in these locations leave the fishing population vulnerable owing to restricted access to basic supplies. These factors contribute to the impoverishment of the small-scale fishing community and its decline into the vicious cycle of poverty. Also, they have limited access to tools and other sources of money that may aid them in escaping poverty. Hence, even if they tried, they couldn't escape their predicament of poverty. As following objectives, we offered a number of government initiatives, additional revenue streams, and local infrastructure restoration.
Determination of Recent In-Migrants in Yogyakarta using Bayesian Regression Logistics
Authors: Rohmah Devi Azarina Manzilir , Astuti Ani Budi , Efendi Achmad
Published: April 2023

Aims: This research aims to find out the status determinant of recent in-migrants entering the province of Yogyakarta, Indonesia in 2021 with Bayesian logistic regression combined with a nonlinear principal component analysis in the process of forming a latent variable.

Study Design:  Quantitative Design.

Place and Duration of Study: This research was carried out in the city of Yogyakarta with the data used is 1 year data throughout 2021.

Methodology: The data were obtained from the results of national socio-economic surveys (SUSENAS) KOR in March 2021.

Results: The research results indicate that particular variables such as age, resident latest education, the status of main activities, the status of residential ownership, housing quality, and asset ownership have significant influences on recent in-migrants entering the Province of Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Conclusion: This research concludes that the Bayesian approach in logistic regression with iteration 1,000,000, 4 thinning interval, and 500.000 burn-in indicates that of seven variables, six variables with significant influences on the status of recent migrants entering the Province of Yogyakarta consist of age (X1), latest education (X3), main activities (X4), house ownership (X5), housing quality (X6), and asset ownership (X7). Of these six variables, the younger resident, the resident with high school or equal as their latest education, the resident currently working as their main activity, the resident renting a house, and the resident with high housing quality score and high asset ownership score are more likely to do recent migration to the Province of Yogyakarta.
Response of Severe Lupus Miliaris Disseminatus Faciei to Treatment With Ruxolitinib Cream
Authors: Gorham Natalie C. , Jacobs Jonathan , Wu Sean Z.
Published: April 2023

This case report describes a 46-year-old woman who presented with numerous monomorphic, mildly erythematous, and skin-colored smooth indurated papules that coalesced into plaques that involved the upper and lower eyelids, forehead, medial cheeks, cutaneous lips, and chin.
Social Vulnerability and Risk of Suicide in US Adults, 2016-2020
Authors: Liu Shuhan , Morin Samuel B. , Bourand Natalie M. , DeClue Isabella L. , Delgado Gustavo E. , Fan Jiahe , Foster Sabrina K. , Imam Maaz S. , Johnston Coulter B. , Joseph Franklin B. , Lu Yihao , Sehrawat Ujjwal , Su Li Chun , Tavan Ketaki , Zhang Kelly L. , Zhang Xingruo , Saulsberry Loren , Gibbons Robert D.
Published: April 2023

Importance

There were over 45 000 suicides in the US in 2020, making suicide the 12th leading cause of death. If social vulnerability is associated with suicide rates, targeted interventions for at-risk segments of the population may reduce US suicide rates.

Objective

To determine the association between social vulnerability and suicide in adults.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cohort study analyzed 2 county-level social vulnerability measures (the Social Vulnerability Index [SVI] and the Social Vulnerability Metric [SVM]) and US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention–reported county-level suicides from 2016 to 2020. Data were analyzed November and December 2022.

Exposures

County-level variability in social vulnerability.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcome measure was number of county-level adult suicides from 2016 to 2020, offset by county adult population during those years. The association between social vulnerability (measured using the SVI and the newly created SVM for 2018) and suicide was modeled using a bayesian-censored Poisson regression model to account for the CDC’s suppression of county-level suicide counts of less than 10, adjusted for age, racial and ethnic minority, and urban-rural county characteristics.

Results

From 2016 to 2020, there were a total of 222 018 suicides in 3141 counties. Comparing the least socially vulnerable (0% to 10%) to the most socially vulnerable (90% to 100%) counties, there was a 56% increase in suicide rate (17.3 per 100 000 persons to 27.0 per 100 000 persons) as measured by the SVI (incidence rate ratio, 1.56; 95% credible interval, 1.51-1.60) and an 82% increase in suicide rate (13.8 per 100 000 persons to 25.1 per 100 000 persons) as measured by the SVM (incidence rate ratio, 1.82; 95% credible interval, 1.72-1.92).

Conclusions and Relevance

This cohort study found that social vulnerability had a direct association with risk for adult suicide. Reducing social vulnerability may lead to life-saving reduction in the rate of suicide.
Overdose Detection Technologies—A New Frontier in Preventing Solitary Drug Overdose Deaths
Authors: Park Ju Nyeong , Green Traci C. , Rich Josiah D.
Published: April 2023

This Viewpoint examines current opioid overdose detection technologies and their utility in detecting potential drug overdose episodes and preventing solitary overdose deaths in the US.
Long COVID—Challenges in diagnosis and managing return-to-work
Authors: Tan Kian Wei Alvin , Koh David
Published: April 2023

Objectives

Long COVID may be a public health concern resulting in a hidden toll of the pandemic years later, on workers and their work ability in the workforce. We illustrate the challenges in diagnosing long COVID in a patient, its associated psychological impact on work and how return-to-work can be better managed and supported from an occupational health perspective.

Methods

An Occupational Health trainee working as a government public health officer experienced persistent fatigue, decreased effort tolerance, and difficulties in concentration after contracting COVID-19. There were unintended psychological effects arising from the functional limitations that were not explained with a proper diagnosis. This was further complicated with a lack of access to occupational health services for return-to-work.

Results

He developed his own rehabilitation plan to improve his physical tolerance. Progressive efforts to build up his physical fitness complemented with workplace adjustments helped to overcome his functional limitations and allowed him to effectively return-to-work.

Conclusion

Diagnosing long COVID continues to remain challenging due to a lack of consensus on a definitive diagnostic criterion. This may give rise to unintended mental and psychological impact. Workers with long COVID symptoms can return-to-work, involving a complex individualized approach to the symptoms’ impact on work, and workplace adjustments and job modifications available. The psychological toll on the worker must also be addressed. Occupational health professionals are best placed to facilitate these workers in their journey to return-to-work, with multi-disciplinary delivery models providing return to work services.
Effects of apolipoprotein E polymorphism on cerebral oxygen saturation, cerebral perfusion, and early prognosis after traumatic brain injury
Authors: Lin Xun , Li Qilin , Sun Xiaochuan , Shi Quanhong , Dan Wei , Zhan Yan , Deng Bo , Xia Yulong , Xie Yanfeng , Jiang Li
Published: April 2023

Objective

To investigate the effects of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene on oxygen saturation and cerebral perfusion in the early stages of traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Methods

This study included 136 consecutive TBI patients and 51 healthy individuals. The APOE genotypes of all subjects were determined using quantitative fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (QF‐PCR). Regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rScO2) of patients with TBI and normal subjects was monitored using near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Computed tomography (CT) perfusion was used to obtain cerebral perfusion in patients with TBI and normal subjects.

Results

In the TBI group, the rScO2 of APOEε4 carriers (53.06 ± 6.87%) was significantly lower than that of non‐carriers (58.19 ± 5.83%, p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the MTT of APOEε4 carriers (6.75 ± 1.30 s) was significantly longer than that of non‐carriers (5.87 ± 1.00 s, p < 0.05). Furthermore, correlation analysis showed a negative correlation between rSCO2 and MTT in patients with TBI. Both the univariate and multifactorial logistic regression analyses revealed that APOE ε4, hypoxia, MTT >5.75 s, Marshall CT Class, and GCS were independent risk factors for early poor prognosis in patients with TBI.

Conclusion

Both cerebral perfusion and cerebral oxygen were significantly impaired after TBI, and low cerebral perfusion and hypoxia were related to poor prognosis of patients with TBI. Compared with APOE ε4 non‐carriers, APOE ε4 carriers not only had poorer cerebral perfusion and cerebral oxygen metabolism but also worse prognosis in the early stages of TBI. Furthermore, a negative correlation was observed between the rSCO2 and MTT levels. In addition, both CT perfusion scanning (CTP) and NIRS are reliable for monitoring the condition of patients with TBI in the neurological intensive care unit (NICU).
Finite‐time composite control for fuzzy delayed semi‐Markovian jump systems with multiple disturbances and uncertainty
Authors: Xu Tianbo , Zhu Chunxia , Qi Wenhai , Cao Jinde , Cheng Jun , Shi Kaibo , Pan Guangsheng
Published: April 2023

This article is concerned with the issue of finite‐time analysis for fuzzy semi‐Markovian jump systems (S‐MJSs) with multiple disturbances. Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy method is applied to address the nonlinear problem of closed‐loop systems. Unlike the existing research, delay, multiple disturbances, generally uncertain transition rate, uncertain parameters are all analyzed in a unify S‐MJSs framework. The aim of this study is to construct a composite control strategy for stable operation of S‐MJSs with multiple disturbances on the basis of the actual system requirements. For S‐MJSs, conservatism of analysis method and uncertainty of actual system are both the significant problems need to be solved urgently. First, the sufficient condition of S‐MJSs is obtained to guarantee the finite‐time stable performance through mathematical analysis and matrix inequality derivation. Second, disturbance observer based control and control are combined to deal with the effects of multiple disturbances which contain incomplete information disturbance and norm bounded disturbance. Third, fuzzy controller is designed to satisfy close‐loop systems finite‐time performance. Finally, the actual nonlinear example is presented to verify the accuracy of the approach.
Pathogenesis‐Guided Engineering of Multi‐Bioactive Hydrogel Co‐Delivering Inflammation‐Resolving Nanotherapy and Pro‐Osteogenic Protein for Bone Regeneration
Authors: Liu Shan , Wang Wenle , Wu Peng , Chen Zhiyu , Pu Wendan , Li Lanlan , Li Gang , Zhang Jianxiang , Song Jinlin
Published: April 2023

There are still great challenges in promoting bone defect repair via regeneration strategies. In view of delayed bone healing due to local inflammation, herein, pathogenesis‐guided engineering of multi‐bioactive hydrogel therapy is proposed for bone regeneration, by simultaneously improving the osteoimmune environment and enhancing osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. After discovering the pivotal role of persistent inflammation and bone loss in the pathogenesis of periodontitis by transcriptomics, a multi‐bioactive nanotherapy based on self‐assembled nanomicelles (PP5 NMs) is first developed. PP5 NMs effectively rescue osteogenesis of human periodontal ligament cells under pathological conditions and promote bone formation in rats with mandibular or cranial bone defects. By integrating PP5 NMs, a pro‐osteogenic protein rhBMP9, and a hydrogel‐forming temperature‐responsive material, a multifunctional hydrogel therapy is further engineered, which can regulate the pro‐inflammatory/oxidative microenvironment and accelerate bone regeneration. The obtained multi‐bioactive hydrogel capable of co‐delivering and sustainedly releasing PP5 NMs and rhBMP9 displays excellent bone regeneration capability, by synergistic effects of inflammation‐resolving and pro‐osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. Mechanistically, this hydrogel therapy improves the osteoimmune environment by attenuating pathogenesis and enhancing stem cell differentiation via the TLR4/NF‐κB/HO‐1 axis and activating the Smad1/5/8 protein complex. The hydrogel is promising for treating different inflammatory bone diseases.
Guiding Fibroblast Activation Using an RGD‐Mutated Heparin Binding II Fragment of Fibronectin for Gingival Titanium Integration
Authors: Heras‐Parets Aina , Ginebra Maria‐Pau , Manero Jose Maria , Guillem‐Marti Jordi
Published: April 2023

The formation of a biological seal around the neck of titanium (Ti) implants is critical for ensuring integration at the gingival site and for preventing bacterial colonization that may lead to periimplantitis. This process is guided by activated fibroblasts, named myofibroblasts, which secrete extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and ECM‐degrading enzymes resolving the wound. However, in some cases, Ti is not able to attract and activate fibroblasts to a sufficient extent, which may compromise the success of the implant. Fibronectin (FN) is an ECM component found in wounds that is able to guide soft tissue healing through the adhesion of cells and attraction of growth factors (GFs). However, clinical use of FN functionalized Ti implants is problematic because FN is difficult to obtain, and is sensitive to degradation. Herein, functionalizing Ti with a modified recombinant heparin binding II (HBII) domain of FN, mutated to include an Arg‐Gly‐Asp (RGD) sequence for promoting both fibroblast adhesion and GF attraction, is aimed at. The HBII‐RGD domain is able to stimulate fibroblast adhesion, spreading, proliferation, migration, and activation to a greater extent than the native HBII, reaching values closer to those of full‐length FN suggesting that it might induce the formation of a biological sealing.
Wnt3a‐Loaded Hydroxyapatite Nanowire@Mesoporous Silica Core−Shell Nanocomposite Promotes the Regeneration of Dentin−Pulp Complex via Angiogenesis, Oxidative Stress Resistance, and Odontogenic Induction of Stem Cells
Authors: Luo Nan , Deng Yu‐Wei , Wen Jin , Xu Xiao‐Chen , Jiang Rui‐Xue , Zhan Jing‐Yu , Zhang Yu , Lu Bing‐Qiang , Chen Feng , Chen Xi
Published: April 2023

Pulp exposure often leads to pulp necrosis, root fractures, and ultimate tooth loss. The repair of the exposure site with pulp capping treatment is of great significance to preserving pulp vitality, but its efficacy is impaired by the low bioactivity of capping materials and cell injuries from the local accumulation of oxidative stress. This study develops a Wnt3a‐loaded hydroxyapatite nanowire@mesoporous silica (Wnt3a‐HANW@MpSi) core−shell nanocomposite for pulp capping treatments. The ultralong and highly flexible hydroxyapatite nanowires provide the framework for the composites, and the mesoporous silica shell endows the composite with the capacity of efficiently loading/releasing Wnt3a and Si ions. Under in vitro investigation, Wnt3a‐HANW@MpSi not only promotes the oxidative stress resistance of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), enhances their migration and odontogenic differentiation, but also exhibits superior properties of angiogenesis in vitro. Revealed by the transcriptome analysis, the underlying mechanisms of odontogenic enhancement by Wnt3a‐HANW@MpSi are closely related to multiple biological processes and signaling pathways toward pulp/dentin regeneration. Furthermore, an animal model of subcutaneous transplantation demonstrates the significant reinforcement of the formation of dentin–pulp complex‐like tissues and blood vessels by Wnt3a‐HANW@MpSi in vivo. These results indicate the promising potential of Wnt3a‐HANW@MpSi in treatments of dental pulp exposure.
Weaving Aerogels into 3D Ordered Hyperelastic Hybrid Carbon Assemblies
Authors: Guo Hele , Fei Qingyang , Lian Meng , Zhu Tianyi , Fan Wei , Li Yueming , Sun Li , de Jong Flip , Chu Kaibin , Zong Wei , Zhang Chao , Liu Tianxi
Published: April 2023

The development of a 3D carbon assembly with a combination of extraordinary electrochemical and mechanical properties is desirable yet challenging. Herein, an ultralight and hyperelastic nanofiber‐woven hybrid carbon assembly (NWHCA) is fabricated by nanofiber weaving of isotropic porous and mechanical brittle quasi‐aerogels. Upon subsequent pyrolysis, metallogel‐derived quasi‐aerogel hybridization and nitrogen/phosphorus co‐doping are integrated into the NWHCA. Finite element simulation indicates that the 3D lamella–bridge architecture of NWHCA with the quasi‐aerogel hybridization contributes to resisting plastic deformation and structural damage under high compression, experimentally demonstrated by complete deformation recovery at 80% compression and unprecedented fatigue resistance (>94% retention after 5000 cycles). Due to the superelasticity and quasi‐aerogel integration, the zinc–air battery assembled based on NWHCA shows excellent electrochemical performance and flexibility. A proof‐of‐concept integrated device is presented, in which the flexible battery powers a piezoresistive sensor, using the NWHCA as the air cathode and the elastic conductor respectively, which can detect full‐range and sophisticated motions while attached to human skin. The nanofiber weaving strategy allows the construction of lightweight, superelastic, and multifunctional hybrid carbon assemblies with great potential in wearable and integrated electronics.
Aerobic Coupling of Organophosphonium Salts with Alkenes: Catalyst‐Free C(sp3)−C(sp2) Bond Formation
Authors: Guo Meng‐Meng , Qin Gan‐Qi , Jiang Xin‐Yu , Xu Hao , Ma Mengtao , Shen Zhi‐Liang , Chu Xue‐Qiang
Published: April 2023

An aerobic coupling of benzhydryl phosphonium salts with simple alkenes for accessing trisubstituted olefins is developed under metal‐free, catalyst‐free, and additive‐free conditions. New C(sp3)−C(sp2) bond is constructed via the C−P and C−H bond functionalization by synergistically using O2 as a “green” oxidant and DMSO as a promoter. The method also distinguishes itself by its broad substrate scope and synthetic potential. Particularly, the use of 1,3,5‐trimethoxybenzene fragment in the resulting products as a carbon‐based leaving group for further transformations is proved to be feasible.