bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nuhuo: An Effective Estimation Model for Traffic Speed Histogram Imputation on A Road Network
Authors: Yuan Haitao , Cong Gao , Li Guoliang
Published: May 2024

Traffic speed histograms show the distribution of traffic speeds over a certain period. Traffic speed might not be recorded continuously, leading to missing histograms for some links on a road network. However, accurate imputation of missing histograms is a critical yet challenging task. This paper introduces a novel framework to address four previously unexplored dimensions crucial for precise traffic speed histogram estimation: regionality, proximity, sparsity, and volatility. First, to address the challenge of regionality and proximity, we employ a global partition graph that captures both regional and proximal correlations within the road network. Next, in response to the challenge of sparsity, the framework features a disentangled feature encoding pipeline, comprising a global encoder and a localized spatio-temporal encoder. This design allows for the effective handling of entangled spatio-temporal dimensions, thereby mitigating the issues related to input sparsity. In particular, the framework leverages graph neural networks and recurrent neural networks to capture spatial and temporal correlations. In addition, to encompass the complexities of spatio-temporal correlations both on global and local scales, we employ a two-layer fusion module with an attention-based mechanism for representation integration. Lastly, to mitigate the challenge of volatility due to missing values, we incorporate a self-supervised learning task using an auto-encoder framework, enhancing the stability and robustness of the encoding models. Extensive evaluations on two real-world datasets confirm that our method significantly outperforms state-of-the-art solutions in terms of both accuracy and robustness.
ZeroEA: A Zero-Training Entity Alignment Framework via Pre-Trained Language Model
Authors: Huo Nan , Cheng Reynold , Kao Ben , Ning Wentao , Haldar Nur Al Hasan , Li Xiaodong , Li Jinyang , Najafi Mohammad Matin , Li Tian , Qu Ge
Published: May 2024

Entity alignment (EA), a crucial task in knowledge graph (KG) research, aims to identify equivalent entities across different KGs to support downstream tasks like KG integration, text-to-SQL, and question-answering systems. Given rich semantic information within KGs, pre-trained language models (PLMs) have shown promise in EA tasks due to their exceptional context-aware encoding capabilities. However, the current solutions based on PLMs encounter obstacles such as the need for extensive training, expensive data annotation, and inadequate incorporation of structural information. In this study, we introduce a novel zero-training EA framework, ZeroEA, which effectively captures both semantic and structural information for PLMs. To be specific, Graph2Prompt module serves as the bridge between graph structure and plain text by converting KG topology into textual context suitable for PLM input. Additionally, in order to provide PLMs with concise and clear input text of reasonable length, we design a motif-based neighborhood filter to eliminate noisy neighbors. The comprehensive experiments and analyses on 5 benchmark datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of ZeroEA, outperforming all leading competitors and achieving state-of-the-art performance in entity alignment. Notably, our study highlights the considerable potential of EA technique in improving the performance of downstream tasks, thereby benefitting the broader research field.
Within- and between-subject biological variation estimates for the enumeration of lymphocyte deep immunophenotyping and monocyte subsets
Authors: Guo Kai , Feng Xiaoran , Xu Lei , Li Chenbin , Ma Yating , Peng Mingting
Published: May 2024

Objectives

This study aimed to deliver biological variation (BV) estimates for 25 types of lymphocyte subpopulations subjected to deep immunophenotyping (memory T/B cells, regulatory T cells, etc.) and classical, intermediate, and nonclassical monocyte subsets based on the full spectrum flow cytometry (FS-FCM) and a Biological Variation Data Critical Appraisal Checklist (BIVAC) design.

Methods

Samples were collected biweekly from 60 healthy Chinese adults over 10 consecutive two-week periods. Each sample was measured in duplicate within a single run for lymphocyte deep immunophenotyping and monocyte subset determination using FS-FCM, including the percentage (%) and absolute count (cells/μL). After trend adjustment, a Bayesian model was applied to deliver the within-subject BV (CVI) and between-subject BV (CVG) estimates with 95 % credibility intervals.

Results

Enumeration (% and cells/μL) for 25 types of lymphocyte deep immunophenotyping and three types of monocyte subset percentages showed considerable variability in terms of CVI and CVG. CVI ranged from 4.23 to 47.47 %. Additionally, CVG ranged between 10.32 and 101.30 %, except for CD4+ effector memory T cells re-expressing CD45RA. No significant differences were found between males and females for CVI and CVG estimates. Nevertheless, the CVGs of PD-1+ T cells (%) may be higher in females than males. Based on the desired analytical performance specification, the maximum allowable imprecision immune parameter was the CD8+PD-1+ T cell (cells/μL), with 23.7 %.

Conclusions

This is the first study delivering BV estimates for 25 types of lymphocyte subpopulations subjected to deep immunophenotyping, along with classical, intermediate, and nonclassical monocyte subsets, using FS-FCM and adhering to the BIVAC design.
Fatigue life prediction method of carbon fiber-reinforced composites
Authors: Lai Jiamei , Xia Yousheng , Huang Zhichao , Liu Bangxiong , Mo Mingzhi , Yu Jiren
Published: May 2024

The use of composite laminates is characterized by problems such as poor inter-layer bonding and susceptibility of material properties to fatigue cracking, which seriously threaten structural safety. Research on fatigue damage characteristics and fatigue life prediction of fiber-reinforced composites can help to solve such problems. Carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy resin matrix composite laminates are taken as the object of this study. By analyzing the fatigue failure process and the fatigue failure micromorphology of the specimen, the primary damage forms and fatigue damage characteristics of its fatigue failure were obtained. The fatigue failure process of fiber-reinforced composites was simulated using finite element analysis software ABAQUS and its UMAT subroutine function. The tensile–tensile fatigue damage characteristics and failure mechanism of fiber-reinforced composites were studied, and the fatigue life of the composites was predicted. The feasibility of this life prediction method was verified by comparing it with experimentally obtained damage processes and fatigue lives. This intuitive and reliable life prediction method has good research potential for predicting the fatigue limit of fiber-reinforced composites.
The crystal structure of hexaquazinc(II) poly[hexakis(μ2-4-methylbenzenesulfinato-κ2O:O′) dizinc(II)]
Authors: Xi-Shi Tai , Xi-Hai Yan , Yuan-Fang Wang , Li-Hua Wang
Published: May 2024

C42H54O18S6Zn3, trigonal,

P

3
‾

1
m

$P\overline{3}1m$

(no. 162), a = 9.2916(13) Å, c = 18.121(4) Å, V = 1354.9(5) Å3, Z = 0.99996, R
gt(F) = 0.0490, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1330, T = 293(2) K.
Influence of selected sheet-fed offset printing conditions on primary mottling
Authors: Kowalczyk Jan
Published: May 2024

The key parameter in the printing process is the evenness of applying the ink layer on the printing substrate. It determines the quality of the produced prints. One of the many factors affecting the final evenness of the ink layer on the print is the phenomenon of mottling, which is caused by the non-uniform internal structure of the paper. The aim of this work was to analyze the influence of basic printing parameters on the value of the mottling index. The research showed a significant effect of the pressure in the printing unit of the offset machine and the thickness of the ink layer on the printing substrate on the value of the primary mottling index. In addition, the research revealed that the properties of the printing substrate have a significant impact on the value and nature of changes in the mottling index. In this work, using the Fourier analysis, the frequency of optical density fluctuations in solid tone area related to the mottling phenomenon was also studied. No influence of pressure changes in the Nip of the printing unit on this print parameter was found.
Political process in modern Italy: anti-politics and populism of the Second Republic
Authors:   Institute of Europe of Russian Academy Sciences, Alekseenkova Elena
Published: May 2024

In the monograph the author examines the process of evolution of populism in Italy that arose on the wave of «anti-politics of the late 1980s and early 1990s, and then developed against the backdrop of criticism of representative democracy and neoliberal economic policy in the 2010s. The author analyzes the origins of the Italians’ distrust of political institutions, and in particular, political parties, which gave birth of the idea of opposing the «people» and «caste» and the demand for greater involvement of civil society in the political process. The author demonstrates how, over thirty years of evolution from S. Berlusconi to G. Meloni, Italian populism has significantly «socialized» and institutionalized in the system of representative democracy, largely losing its «anti-political spirit» and abandoning many of the ideological frames which previously were the cornerstones of the identities of populists’ electorate. The transformation of populism towards political mainstream allows us to raise again the question of the likelihood of new forms of manifestation of «anti-politics», since the level of Italians’ distrust in political institutions is still high.
Dialogue of power and civil society (European experience)
Authors:   Institute of Europe of Russian Academy Sciences, Alekseenkova Elena , Govorova Natalya ,   Institute of Europe of Russian Academy Sciences, Ermolieva Eleonor ,   ILA RAS, Zhuravel Valery ,   Institute of Europe of Russian Academy Sciences, Kanunnikov Anatoly ,   Institute of Europe of Russian Academy Sciences, Kargalova Marina ,   Institute of Europe of Russian Academy Sciences, Lunkin Roman ,   Institute of Europe of Russian Academy Sciences, Rozhin Alexander ,   Institute of Europe of Russian Academy Sciences, Rulinski Vasili ,   PSTGU, Timoshenkova Ekaterina ,   Institute of Europe of Russian Academy Sciences,   Institute of Europe of Russian Academy Sciences,   Institute of Europe of Russian Academy Sciences
Published: May 2024

The monograph analyzes the relationship between government and civil society in the European Union and in some of the EU member states. Special attention is paid to the role of organizations dealing with social problems. The actions of trade unions in the context of employment transformation are analyzed. Using the examples of Germany, Italy and Spain, the position of non-profit organizations, the place of the third sector in society, and the peculiarities of interaction between civil society institutions and the state are considered. The chapters also analyze the social activity of youth organizations and their search for an answer to the challenges of modern society. The social service of the Church is shown in the context of current crisises. The examples of the activities of humanitarian NGOs analyzed in the context of migration crisis in Europe. The interaction of civil society and the authorities of the EU countries also was studied in the sphere of countering terrorism.
Face recognition using ten-variate prediction ellipsoidsfor normalized datawith different quantiles
Authors: Prykhodko Sergiy B. , Trukhov Artem S.
Published: May 2024

Facial recognition technology plays a pivotal role in various domains, including security systems, entertainment, and identity ver-ification. However, the low probability of identifying a person by face can have negative consequences, highlighting the need forthe development and improvement of face recognition methods. The object of research is the face recognition process, with the subject of the research being a mathematical model for face recognition.One common approach in pattern recognition is usingdecision rules based onprediction ellipsoid. A significant challenge in its application is ensuring that the data conforms to a multivariate normal distribution. However, real-world data often doesn't adhere to this assumption, leading to reduced recognition probability. Therefore, there's a necessity to enhance mathematical models to accommodate such deviations.Another factor that can impact the outcome is the selection of different distribution quantiles, such as those from the Chi-square and F-distribution.For large datasets, the utilization of Chi-square and F-distribution in prediction ellipsoids typically results in similar probabilities, but there are data for which this is not the case and the application of predictionellipsoids with different quantiles of the distributions gives different results.This study investi-gates theapplicationof prediction ellipsoids in facial recognition tasks using different normalization techniques and distribution quan-tiles. The purpose of the work is to improve the probability of face recognition by building a ten-variate prediction ellipsoid for nor-malized data with different quantiles of distributions. We conducted experiments on a dataset of facial images and constructed predic-tion ellipsoids based on the Chi-square and F-distribution, utilizing both univariate and multivariate normalization techniques.Our findings reveal that normalization techniques significantly enhance recognition accuracy, with multivariate methods, such as the ten-variate Box-Cox transformation, outperforming univariate approaches. Furthermore, prediction ellipsoids constructed using the Chi-square distribution quantile generally exhibit superior performance compared to those constructed using the F-distribution quantile. Future investigations could explore the efficacy of alternative normalization techniques, such as the Johnson transformation, and ana-lyze the construction of prediction ellipsoids with alternative components of the ellipsoid equation.
DEVELOPMENT OF CREATININE-SENSITIVE BIOSENSOR BASED ON IMMOBILIZED CREATININE DEIMINASE
Authors:   Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Bakhmat V.A. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: May 2024

Aim.Thе purpose of the work was to develop a new construction of enzyme biosensor based on creatinine deiminase for highly sensitive creatinine determination. Methods. A new construction of enzyme biosensor based on creatinine deiminase was developed for the creatinine determination. A differential pair of gold interdigitated electrodes deposited onto a ceramic substrate was used as the electrochemical transducer. Creatinine deiminase was immobilized by cross-linking with glutaraldehyde on the surface of electrodes. Results. The biosensor showed high sensitivity towards creatinine, the limit of detection was 5 µM. The biosensor was characterized by wide linear range of creatinine determination, high reproducibility of responses and showed high storage stability – after 50 days storage the biosensor retained 83% of the initial response value. Conclusions. In future the developed biosensor can be used for express evaluation of the creatinine in biological samples.
LEVELS OF CARBOHYDRATES IN SHORT-LIVED STRAIN OF Drosophila melanogaster
Authors:   Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine, Berezovskyi V.V.
Published: May 2024

Aim. The aim of this study was to investigate the concentrations of key energetic substrates such as glucose, fructose, and trehalose, in control and artificially selected flies shown to have shorter lifespan. Methods. For all experiments flies were maintained on standard yeast-sucrose nutrient medium consisted of 5% sucrose, 5% yeast, 1% agar and 0.18% nipagin as mold growth inhibitor. Experimental line of flies was selected on high-protein diet and previously showed short lifespan. Newly enclosed flies were kept two days for mating and used for measurement of feeding behavior and fecundity. Some flies were frozen at -80 °C for further analysis. Concentrations of glucose, fructose and trehalose were measured by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry using described protocol and expressed per wet weight. Results. Amount of glucose was significantly higher in experimental flies of both sexes. Male flies had about 70% more free glucose and females for about 45%. These differences were accompanied with higher amounts of trehalose that consist of two molecules of glucose and is a form of glucose storage in Drosophila. Trehalose content in experimental males was 2-fold higher, while in females it was higher for about 1.8-fold. Fructose content was also higher in experimental flies. This carbohydrate is metabolized through glycolysis, providing energy in the form of ATP. Beyond energy production, fructose plays a role in supporting reproductive processes such as oogenesis in females, though measure of fecundity showed no difference. Conclusions. Our results show that despite similar consumption of food and reproduction offspring of artificially selected flies have shorter lifespan. However, this effect can be explained by lower energetic status while flies store more energetic substrates such as glucose, fructose and trehalose.
SYNERGISTIC ANTI-TUMOUR EFFECT OF DOXORUBICIN-HYDROCHLORIDE WITH CRM197, AN INHIBITOR OF HB-EGF, IN SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA
Authors:   Educational Scientific Institute of High Technologies of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, RADEVYCH I.I. ,   Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv
Published: May 2024

Recent studies have shown that cross reacting material (CRM197), a nontoxic variant of diphtheria toxin, may play an important role in treating cancers with poor prognoses. Doxorubicin-hydrochloride (DOX) is an antineoplastic prescription medicine for the treatment of certain types of cancer. Considering that CRM197 is a known carrier in targeted delivery, CRM197-DOX complexes might be a step towards targeted therapy and reduced overall toxicity. Aim. This study aims to explore the potential to inhibit the growth of tumour cells. To achieve that goal, we evaluated the usage of CRM197-DOX complexes in squamous carcinoma cell line A431 and compared it with the effect on other immortalised cell lines. The methods used in this research include derivation and purification of recombinant CRM197 through immobilized-metal affinity chromatography and electrophoresis in a denaturing polyacrylamide gel. DOX-loaded CRM197 complexes were formed by the addition of a 5 μM solution of doxorubicin to 0.5 μg of protein with further dialysis in PBS. The cell viability assay was conducted using free CRM197 at different concentrations, DOX, CRM197 with DOX, as well as DOX-loaded CRM197. DOX-loaded CRM197 along with CRM197 with the addition of DOX showed significant differences in cell viability compared to control wells. CRM197- Results. DOX complexes have an evident inhibitory effect on epidermoid carcinoma cell growth and can be used as treatment against epithelial tumours, with CRM197 as a promising carrier for targeted drug delivery. Conclusions. CRM197-DOX complexes show evident inhibition of epidermoid carcinoma cell growth and can be used as treatment against epithelial tumours, especially those overexpressing the proHB-EGF and its receptors, EGFR1 and EGFR4, with CRM197 as a promising carrier for targeted drug delivery.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SMALL SIZE HIGH-SPEED SYNCHRONOUS MAGNETOELECTRIC MOTORS
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine Ihor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute,  Beresteiskyi Ave., 37, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine, Vaskovsky Yu.M. , Nesterenko D.S. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Beresteiskyi Ave., 37, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine
Published: May 2024

Using the methods of mathematical modeling, a comparative analysis of the characteristics of three variants of small-sized high-speed synchronous magneto-electric motors (SMD) with permanent magnets on the rotor, which are intended for driving the propeller of quadcopter-type aircraft, was investigated and carried out. Namely: SMD with external grooved stator and internal rotor; SMD with internal grooved stator and external rotor; SMD with internal clear-pole stator and external rotor. On the example of an aircraft with a total mass of 4 kg, a comparative analysis of the amount of power developed by the specified engine variants under the same operating conditions: the same overall dimensions, rotor speed, current in the stator winding and volume of permanent magnets was carried out. An assessment of the magnitude of electromagnetic moment pul-sations is given. It was established that although an SMD with an internal clear-pole stator is the most technologically simple, but under the same other conditions, it is inferior in power to an SMD with an internal slotted stator and an external rotor. References 7, Figures 4.
An Extended Analysis of 14N(17F, 18Ne)13C and 14N(7Be, 8B)13C Proton Transfer Reactions Depending on the Temperature, Density Distribution, Nuclear Potential and Nucleon-Nucleon Interactions
Authors: Aygun M. , Aygun Z. , Karaali N.
Published: May 2024

The angular distributions of 14N(17F, 18Ne)13C at 170 MeV and 14N(7Be, 8B)13C at 84 MeV proton-transfer reactions depending on the density distributions, temperature, nuclear potentials, and nucleon-nucleon interactions are studied. The calculations are performed by using the code FRESCO based on the distorted wave Born approximation (DWBA) method. The theoretical results of all the approaches are compared with both each other and experimental data, and the similarities and differences of the results are discussed. Additionally, new potential parameter sets for the description of the experimental data of each reaction are developed. Finally, alternative density, nuclear potential, and nucleon-nucleon interactions are proposed for the analysis of the angular distributions of the 14N(17F, 18Ne)13C and 14N(7Be, 8B)13C protontransfer reactions.
The Multiscale Hybrid Method with a Localized Constraint. II. Hybrid Equations of Motion Based on Variational Principles
Authors: Bakumenko M. , Bardik V. , Farafonov V. , Nerukh D.
Published: May 2024

A multiscale modelling framework that employs molecular dynamics and hydrodynamics principles has been developed to describe the dynamics of hybrid particles. Based on the principle of least action, the equations of motion for hybrid particles were derived and verified by using the Gauss principle of least constraints testifying to their accuracy and applicability under various system constraints. The proposed scheme has been implemented in a popular open-source molecular dynamics code GROMACS. The simulation for liquid argon under equilibrium conditions in the hydrodynamic limit (s = 1) has demonstrated that the standard deviation of the density exhibits a remarkable agreement with predictions from a pure hydrodynamics model, validating the robustness of the proposed framework.
Estimation in Cox proportional hazards model with heteroscedastic errors in covariates
Authors: Chernova Oksana
Published: May 2024

Consistent estimators of the baseline hazard rate and the regression parameter are constructed in the Cox proportional hazards model with heteroscedastic measurement errors, assuming that the baseline hazard function belongs to a certain class of functions with bounded Lipschitz constants.
Deanthroponymic Names of Ural Minerals: Word-Formation Patterns
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia, Kostylev Yuri S. , Tikhomirova Alexandra V. ,   Ekaterinburg Ecclesiastical Seminary, Ekaterinburg, Russia
Published: May 2024

The study investigates the nomenclature of Ural minerals derived from anthroponyms. The data was sourced from printed and electronic publications on geology and mineralogy. The aim of the research is to analyze the primary word-formation patterns evident in the lexemes of the compiled corpus, discern deviations from traditional word-formation patterns, and ascertain their underlying causes. The deanthroponymic model emerges as the predominant one for mineral nomenclature, constituting 38% of the total number of names analyzed. The second most prevalent model is based on toponyms (22%). Models wherein mineral names are derived from indications of their geochemical composition or properties exhibit significantly lower frequency compared to the two aforementioned models. The most prevalent method of forming deanthroponymic mineral names (mineralonyms) entails incorporating the surname of a notable figure associated with mineralogy, followed by the addition of the formant -it (less frequently, -lit) or -in. Departures from this model manifest in two ways. Firstly, atypical formants such as -an, -zit, -oit, and -anit are utilized, which may be categorized as phonetic-graphic variants or instances of contamination of productive formants. Secondly, deviations occur in the base of the mineralonym, whereby the generating unit is not solely the surname but rather its constituent parts (in cases where the surname is multi-component), as well as the inclusion of the first name, first name and surname, or the root part of the surname translated into Latin. It can be posited that in the use of formally atypical models and approaches to mineralonym creation, the subjective aesthetic considerations of the nominator play a pivotal role, driven by the desire to craft a harmonious and user-friendly term. Additionally, the evident intention is to mitigate homonymy and other instances of ambiguity that are incompatible with a coherent terminological system and hinder the unequivocal association of the name with the denoted object.
Old Norse Heimr ʻWorldʼ and its Toponymic Derivatives in the Poetic Edda
Authors:   Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Toporova Tatyana V.
Published: May 2024

The article examines the mythopoetic concept of the ‘world’ (Old Norse heimr) and its derivatives — toponyms with the suffix -heimr in the Poetic Edda. It involves a thorough analysis of their meanings and their significance in the Eddic mythopoetic framework. The methodology for studying this lexical unit and its derivatives is based on a thesaurus description of folk terminology, alongside an exploration of polysemy within epic texts and lexicological investigations of key concepts in the Rigveda. Employing an integrated approach, the analysis considers various factors such as statistical distribution, grammatical case paradigms, syntactical functions of predicates, etymology to understand semantic motivations, mythology to reveal connections to mythological elements, poetic devices like alliteration and repetitions, and the relationship between linguistic signs and referents in the extralinguistic world. The predominance of singular forms (28) over plural forms (8) suggests two significant points: the existence of multiple worlds in the Eddic mythopoetic model initially, and an evolutionary progression from a collection of similar objects towards a unified whole. This semantic evolution is exemplified by the transition from ‘dwellings of giants’ (plural iǫtna heimar) to ‘Dwelling of giants’ = ‘World of Giants’ (singular Iǫtun-heimr). The Old Norse term heimr is associated with the universal world model depicted as a world tree (nine worlds = nine roots of Iggdrasill in Völuspá). It contributes to the construction of the Eddic chronotope in which the world tree, along with its roots (representing worlds), is described as located “under the earth,” signifying its origin. It also demonstrates temporalization, being linked with the temporal concept of age (Old Norse ƍld) and exhibits anthropocentric orientation.
Formal Representations of Classical Planning Domains
Authors: Grundke Claudia , Röger Gabriele , Helmert Malte
Published: May 2024

Planning domains are an important notion, e.g. when it comes to restricting the input for generalized planning or learning approaches. However, domains as specified in PDDL cannot fully capture the intuitive understanding of a planning domain. We close this semantic gap and propose using PDDL axioms to characterize the (typically infinite) set of legal tasks of a domain. A minor extension makes it possible to express all properties that can be determined in polynomial time. We demonstrate the suitability of the approach on established domains from the International Planning Competition.
Epistemic Exploration for Generalizable Planning and Learning in Non-Stationary Settings
Authors: Karia Rushang , Verma Pulkit , Speranzon Alberto , Srivastava Siddharth
Published: May 2024

This paper introduces a new approach for continual planning and model learning in relational, non-stationary stochastic environments. Such capabilities are essential for the deployment of sequential decision-making systems in the uncertain and constantly evolving real world. Working in such practical settings with unknown (and non-stationary) transition systems and changing tasks, the proposed framework models gaps in the agent's current state of knowledge and uses them to conduct focused, investigative explorations. Data collected using these explorations is used for learning generalizable probabilistic models for solving the current task despite continual changes in the environment dynamics. Empirical evaluations on several non-stationary benchmark domains show that this approach significantly outperforms planning and RL baselines in terms of sample complexity. Theoretical results show that the system exhibits desirable convergence properties when stationarity holds.
Safe Learning of PDDL Domains with Conditional Effects
Authors: Mordoch Argaman , Scala Enrico , Stern Roni , Juba Brendan
Published: May 2024

Powerful domain-independent planners have been developed to solve various types of planning problems. These planners often require a model of the acting agent's actions, given in some planning domain description language. Manually designing such an action model is a notoriously challenging task. An alternative is to automatically learn action models from observation.
Such an action model is called safe if every plan created with it is consistent with the real, unknown action model. Algorithms for learning such safe action models exist, yet they cannot handle domains with conditional or universal effects, which are common constructs in many planning problems.
We prove that learning non-trivial safe action models with conditional effects may require an exponential number of samples. Then, we identify reasonable assumptions under which such learning is tractable and propose Conditional-SAM, the first algorithm capable of doing so.
We analyze Conditional-SAM theoretically and evaluate it experimentally.
Our results show that the action models learned by Conditional-SAM can be used to solve perfectly most of the test set problems in most of the experimented domains.
Lookahead Pathology in Monte-Carlo Tree Search
Authors: Nguyen Khoi P. N. , Ramanujan Raghuram
Published: May 2024

Monte-Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) is a search paradigm that first found prominence with its success in the domain of computer Go. Early theoretical work established the soundness and convergence bounds for Upper Confidence bounds applied to Trees (UCT), the most popular instantiation of MCTS; however, there remain notable gaps in our understanding of how UCT behaves in practice. In this work, we address one such gap by considering the question of whether UCT can exhibit lookahead pathology in adversarial settings --- a paradoxical phenomenon first observed in Minimax search where greater search effort leads to worse decision-making. We introduce a novel family of synthetic games that offer rich modeling possibilities while remaining amenable to mathematical analysis. Our theoretical and experimental results suggest that UCT is indeed susceptible to pathological behavior in a range of games drawn from this family.
Online Control of Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search Using Deep Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Reijnen Robbert , Zhang Yingqian , Lau Hoong Chuin , Bukhsh Zaharah
Published: May 2024

The Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search (ALNS) algorithm has shown considerable success in solving combinatorial optimization problems (COPs). Nonetheless, the performance of ALNS relies on the proper configuration of its selection and acceptance parameters, which is known to be a complex and resource-intensive task. To address this, we introduce a Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) based approach called DR-ALNS that selects operators, adjusts parameters, and controls the acceptance criterion throughout the search. The proposed method aims to learn, based on the state of the search, to configure ALNS for the next iteration to yield more effective solutions for the given optimization problem. We evaluate the proposed method on an orienteering problem with stochastic weights and time windows, as presented in an IJCAI competition. The results show that our approach outperforms vanilla ALNS, ALNS tuned with Bayesian optimization, and two state-of-the-art DRL approaches that were the winning methods of the competition, achieving this with significantly fewer training observations. Furthermore, we demonstrate several good properties of the proposed DR-ALNS method: it is easily adapted to solve different routing problems, its learned policies perform consistently well across various instance sizes, and these policies can be directly applied to different problem variants.
Control in Stochastic Environment with Delays: A Model-based Reinforcement Learning Approach
Authors: Yao Zhiyuan , Florescu Ionut , Lee Chihoon
Published: May 2024

In this paper we are introducing a new reinforcement learning method for control problems in environments with delayed feedback. Specifically, our method employs stochastic planning, versus previous methods that used deterministic planning. This allows us to embed risk preference in the policy optimization problem. We show that this formulation can recover the optimal policy for problems with deterministic transitions. We contrast our policy with two prior methods from literature. We apply the methodology to simple tasks to understand its features. Then, we compare the performance of the methods in controlling multiple Atari games.
Walnut Seed Coat (Juglans regia L.), a Plant Effective in Human Health: Antioxidant Activity and in Rats Nephroprotective Effect
Authors: Palabıyık Esra , Uğuz Handan , Aşkın Hakan , Aşkın Seda , Akıncıoğlu Hülya
Published: May 2024

In the study, the seed coat (WSC) of Posof (Ardahan/Türkiye) walnuts was extracted to determine their phytochemical components and antioxidant capacities. The effects of bioactive components in the ethanol extract of WSC (E-WSC) on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitors were investigated. Additionally, antioxidant enzyme activity parameters were measured in the kidney tissues of Triton WR-1339-induced hyperlipidemic rats. Bioactive compounds in WSC were identified by GC-MS system. The antioxidant properties of WSC were measured using Fe+3, Cu+2 and Fe+3-2,4,6-tripyridyl-s-triazine (TPTZ) reducing agent, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'- azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) scavenging activities. In this analysis, using 30 male Wistar rats (300 ± 30 g) randomly divided into five groups were treated as follows; K1: Healthy control group, K2: E-WSC (150 mg) o.d., K3: E-WSC (300 mg) o.d., K4: Hyperlipidemic group i.p., K5: Hyperlipidemic group i.p. + E-WSC (300 mg) o.d. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) analyzes were performed in kidney tissues. Based on these results, it was clearly determined that E-WSC has significant antioxidant activity due to its bioactive components, has an inhibitory effect on AChE and BChE enzymes, and has a protective effect against oxidative stress by improving hyperlipidemia-related kidney damage.
En busca de una escuela en clave intercultural
Authors:   Universidad Católica de Temuco, Chile, Valderrama Aguayo Iván
Published: May 2024

Uno de los principales problemas que enfrenta el sistema educativo nacional, se relaciona con la aparente infinidad de demandas que cotidianamente recaen sobre él. Demandas que buscan respuestas, validez y reconocimiento en sus especificidades, que emergen desde distintas aristas. Ante la heterogeneidad de planteamientos que buscan una respuesta efectiva, es que, el contexto escolar recuerda un poco a la labor de Sísifo, condenado eternamente a empujar una roca cuesta arriba, para al llegar, nuevamente volver a comenzar con su tarea.
Circularidad y conflictividad en la educación intercultural bilingüe
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Chicaiza Rivera Mario René
Published: May 2024

El Observatorio Social del Ecuador plantea que la educación intercultural bilingüe (EIB) sigue siendo una de las deudas pendientes más grandes del Estado ecuatoriano en el cumplimiento de los derechos de la niñez y la adolescencia. Por nuestra parte, también deseamos trabajar el análisis y crítica de esta misma deuda, pero desde un devenir reflexivo de la situación global hacia una más particularizada y concreta, entendida desde un grupo de estudios de caso. Este método cualitativo, poco usado en la investigación social aplicada a las políticas públicas ecuatorianas, será nuestra estrategia para integrar no únicamente a los derechos de los niños sino de la población indígena general, y a través de ella, descubrir nuestro rostro humano común histórico y presente.
La Cartografía Curricular Comunitaria
Authors:   Universidad La Salle Oaxaca, Cornelio Cruz Miguel , Gutiérrez González Cecilia Erna ,   Investigadora Independiente
Published: May 2024

Partiendo del reconocimiento de la gran diversidad de Oaxaca y a la vez la invisibilización de sus pueblos reflejada en un sistema educativo poco inclusivo; la Cartografía Curricular Comunitaria (CCC, de aquí en adelante) es una propuesta educativa-metodológica de cuño intercultural y alternativo, para la construcción de otras formas de hacer escuela, de hacer educación y de afianzar procesos de aprendizaje escolar y comunitario a partir del territorio (fotografía 1). Esta propuesta metodológica tienen como finalidades: 1) construir y fortalecer, junto con educadores y actores comunitarios, una educación situada en/desde/para el territorio, para la defensa del mismo y de la vida colectiva que ahí se expresa y se construye desde diferentes haceres, haberes, pensares y sentires; 2) abonar al fortalecimiento de los sentidos de pertenencia territorial y la relevancia del conocimiento histórico, biocultural y lingüístico en los procesos formativos de la niñez y la adolescencia que habita en contextos de diversidad sociocultural; y 3) contribuir al diálogo de saberes, las prácticas del buen vivir y la justicia epistémica, tan necesarios en estos momentos de crisis socioambiental planetaria.
Les professionnels de la santé face à l'usage des langues nationales dans les établissements sanitaires du Cameroun
Authors: NTSAMA ESSENGUÉ Salomé Chantal
Published: May 2024

La présente étude s’intéresse aux difficultés de communication liées à la barrière linguistique existant entre des étudiants et leurs patients lors des consultations médicales. Il s’agit de démontrer que la multiplicité de langues locales profite aux langues officielles. Étant donné que le développement, quel que soit le domaine concerné passe nécessairement par la compréhension et la transmission de messages efficaces et adaptés, cette diversité linguistique constituerait un frein pour le développement durable. Des analyses ont été menées à partir de données recueillies auprès de jeunes étudiants en formation à la Faculté de médecine et de sciences biomédicales de l’université de Yaoundé I (FMSB) au moyen d’un questionnaire et des entretiens. Ces derniers, au cours de leur formation, se retrouvent le plus souvent en stage pratique dans des zones rurales où ils sont appelés à communiquer avec une population ne partageant pas la même langue qu’eux. Les résultats obtenus donnent la primauté à la langue française et font ressortir que l’absence de code commun entre émetteur et récepteur constitue l’une des sources d’échecs de la communication et par ricochet un mauvais diagnostic.
Langues-cultures nationales et développement durable
Authors: ONDELE Frydh
Published: May 2024

Après l’indépendance, les dirigeants congolais ont mis en place diverses politiques sociales en vue de l’amélioration des conditions de vie des populations, à l’instar du Plan National de Développement 2018-2022 du Président Denis Sassou-Nguesso. Ce plan est caractérisé par le manque de reconnaissance du rôle des langues et cultures locales dans l’enseignement en vue du développement durable. Or, en Afrique, l’insertion des langues locales dans le système éducatif suscite toujours de fortes tensions qui sont sanctionnées par des représentations favorables ou défavorables qui peuvent entraîner la réussite ou l’échec d’un éventuel programme. Ainsi, l’examen préalable des représentations des élèves, des enseignants et des parents paraît indispensable. Le présent travail révèle le chaînon manquant du PND 2018-2022 du Congo ; analyse les représentations linguistiques des Congolais vis-à-vis de l’intégration des langues nationales dans l’enseignement et de leur officialisation et ; présente le rôle des langues locales dans l’alphabétisation et la formation des paysans pour le développement de la nation.
ZNANOST U SESTRINSTVU U HRVATSKOJ
Authors: Bošković Sandra
Published: May 2024

Sociološko poimanje profesionalizacije zanimanja najdetaljnije objašnjava da zanimanje postaje profesija onda kada osobe koje se bave istim posjeduju monopol nad određenim dijelom znanja zasnovanih na znanstveno utemljenim dokazima i etičkim načelima, a time i jasno definiranu prepoznatljivost u društvu.
Zdravstvena njega, kao dio procesa liječenja i skrbi, isključivo je i jedinstveno pravo samo medicinske sestre/tehničara i osnovno je područje njihova rada. Realni i znanstveno utemeljeni dokazi u praksi utemeljeni na etičkim načelima preduvjeti su razvoja vrijednosti i standarda u području djelovanja profesije sestrinstva.
Posljednjih dvadesetak godina sestrinstvo u Hrvatskoj se značajno obogatilo doktorima znanosti. Svakim danom u RH postupno se povećava broj magistara sestrinstva koji brane svoje doktorske disertacije, ali i pristupnika na doktorskim studijima i u Hrvatskoj i u Europskoj uniji. Sve veći broj doktora znanosti u sestrinstvu napreduju u znanstveno nastavna znanja docenata, izvanrednih profesora s ciljem uključivanja u daljnje obrazovanje struke i razvoja znanosti u sestrinskoj profesiji.
Iako je danas sestrinstvo znanstvena disciplina utemeljena na verificiranim znanstvenim dokazima još uvijek se rezultati istraživanja rijetko implementiraju u sestrinsku praksu. Razlozi tome su višestruki, od nedovoljnog broja medicinskih sestara doktora znanosti u zdravstvenim sustavima, organizaciji procesa rada, nezadovoljavajuće uporabe postupaka u zdravstvenoj njezi utemeljenih na znanstvenim dokazima, ograničenih istraživačkih kompetencija medicinskih sestara / tehničara u kliničkom okruženju, odnosno nedovoljnom razvoju kulture istraživanja među medicinskim sestrama u praksi.
Sestrinstvo kao profesija počiva na obrazovanoj medicinskoj sestri/tehničaru koji mogu i moraju moći ponuditi znanstveno utemeljenje za svaki postupak primijenjen u svrhu samo jednog cilja-pružanja najbolje moguće zdravstvene njege i dobrobiti pacijenta.
INNOVATING IN HEALTHCARE
Authors: Chockalingam Nachiappan
Published: May 2024

Meaningful innovation in healthcare requires looking beyond the latest gadgets and apps to focus on practical solutions that tangibly improve patient outcomes and standard of care. Innovation in healthcare is not limited to new technology alone, but also encompasses advancements in techniques and practice that improve clinical outcomes. There is a tremendous opportunity to leverage data and analytics to enable more evidence-based decision-making that optimises healthcare delivery. However, the focus should be less on novel tools and more on developing the right methodology that translates meaningfully in clinical settings. This lecture will cover two examples; the first one will focus on our research on simple assistive devices demonstrates that low-tech, creative solutions can profoundly empower patients and transform their activities of daily living and the second one will highlight how our novel approach to data reduction and synthesis in movement analysis can help the clinical management of musculoskeletal disorders. Forward progress requires moving beyond conventional thinking to spark ideas that drive healthcare to new frontiers. Advancement is only meaningful when it directly responds to real patient and clinical needs, not innovation purely for its own sake. Technological tools undoubtedly will continue redefining healthcare practice, but will only realise their full potential when guided by clinical reality, patient or user centered approaches, and a commitment to thinking creatively about improving care.
THE "PEACE FORMULA" AS A CONDITION FOR THE TERMINATION OF WARAND THE BUILDING OF POST-WAR PEACE
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, PEREPELITSA Hryhoriy
Published: May 2024

Abstract. The peace formula put forward by Volodymyr Zelensky at the G-20 Summit was a response to the challenges caused by the Russian-Ukrainian war and the destruction of the existing world order caused by it. Undoubtedly, it received great resonance both among diplomatic circles and the entire international environment, since the old system of regional and global security was destroyed and the global world faced the problem of finding the contours of a new architecture of international security. Therefore, the Formula represented an attempt to simultaneously solve a whole complex of different-scale and multi-directional strategic tasks: urgent and prospective, regional and global. The article describes the conditions and reasons that led to the emergence of the Peace Formula, as well as the process of filling the sessions and content of this document; its significance for negotiations with Russia to end the war; positions of key geopolitical players regarding the implementation of the Peace Formula and its role in formulating security guarantees for Ukraine; the influence of the decisions of the Vilnius NATO Summit on the implementation of the Peace Formula, security guarantees for Ukraine and the formation of a new regional security architecture.
GEOPOLITICAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE SOUTH CAUCASUS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, DOROSHKO Mykola , PLIS Anna ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: May 2024

The author made an attempt to comprehensively analyze the impact of the Russian-Ukrainian war on the geopolitical situation in the South Caucasus region. The evolution of the Armenian-Azerbaijani conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh and its impact on the changing geopolitical environment in the South Caucasus region are considered. The reasons for the interest of global and regional international actors (USA, China, Russia, EU, UK, Turkey, Kazakhstan) in deepening cooperation with the states of the South Caucasus are analyzed.