bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Real‐time reconstruction of pipes using RGB‐D cameras
Authors: Kim Dong‐Min , Ahn JeongHyeon , Kim Seung‐wook , Lee Jongmin , Kim Myungho , Han JungHyun
Published: August 2023

This paper presents a novel method that automatically reconstructs pipes in real time using an RGB‐D camera. The input image is decomposed into superpixels, and a pipe element, which is a 3D circle lying on the pipe surface, is generated for each superpixel. Over frames, the pipe elements are grouped into sequences and are finally modeled in parametric equations. The method is tested in daily settings, where the pipes may be curved and their radii may vary along the axes. The test results show that the method is able to reconstruct pipes efficiently, precisely and robustly.
Hand‐painted yuzen‐dyeing simulation for online handcraft experience
Authors: Torii Takuma
Published: August 2023

On‐site workshops provide an opportunity to learn the craftsmanship, but the first hurdle is often high. Online handcraft experiences can be a solution to this first hurdle by providing preliminary craft experience from anywhere on the internet. In collaboration with a traditional craftsman, this motivated us to develop an online simulator for a thin‐brush dyeing, called yuzen, one of the Japanese traditional handcrafts innovated in the 17th century. The goal of this simulator is providing easy‐going experience, that is, it can be materially unrealistic but mimicking visual appearance. The simulator incorporates various characteristics of yuzen, by which the developed 2D fluid simulation algorithm reduces its computational burden. The yuzen dyeing algorithm is similar to an existing ink‐wash painting algorithm, but the present work provides (1) theoretical justification for the algorithm and parameter choices, (2) implementing yuzen dyeing‐specific characteristics, and (3a) a physical experiment to examine qualitative resemblance, and (3b) to identify unknown physical parameters for further reality in future development.
Towards Ruthenium(II)‐Rhenium(I) Binuclear Complexes as Photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Wang Youchao , Felder Patrick S. , Mesdom Pierre , Blacque Olivier , Mindt Thomas L. , Cariou Kevin , Gasser Gilles
Published: August 2023

The search for new metal‐based photosensitizers (PSs) for anticancer photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a fast‐developing field of research. Knowing that polymetallic complexes bear a high potential as PDT PSs, in this study, we aimed at combining the known photophysical properties of a rhenium(I) tricarbonyl complex and a ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complex to prepare a ruthenium‐rhenium binuclear complex that could act as a PS for anticancer PDT. Herein, we present the synthesis and characterization of such a system and discuss its stability in aqueous solution. In addition, one of our complexes prepared, which localized in mitochondria, was found to have some degree of selectivity towards two types of cancerous cells: human lung carcinoma A549 and human colon colorectal adenocarcinoma HT29, with interesting photo‐index (PI) values of 135.1 and 256.4, respectively, compared to noncancerous retinal pigment epithelium RPE1 cells (22.4).
A hunting arrow traumatism to the head: A case report from Niger
Authors: Ibrahim Assoumane Issa , Murhega Roméo Bujiriri , Samuila Sanoussi
Published: August 2023

Key Clinical Message

Arrow injuries have not disappeared in our environment despite the advances in the development of warfare tools in the world. All regions of the body can be the target of these arrows and in particular the cephalic region whose gravity will depend on the structures reached.

With the development of modern weapons of war, arrow wounds have become rare in developed countries, but they are still common in developing countries, including Niger. These injuries are often serious and life‐threatening when they are in the head and neck region, due to the presence of major vessels and vital organs in these areas of the body. Extraction of these arrows is usually difficult due to the proximity of major vital structures. Unskilled extraction can aggravate the injury or result in unintentional damage to vital structures with imminent risk of death. We present the case of a patient with a homemade arrow to the head in the left periorbital region that we successfully extracted at the National Hospital in Niamey. Our objective is to highlight the experience with this patient and review some reports in the literature.
Freeze‐Thawed Nafion‐Poly(vinyl alcohol) Self‐healing Membranes for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells
Authors: Ng Wei Wuen , Thiam Hui San , Pang Yean Ling , Lim Yun Seng , Wong Jianhui , Lai Soon Onn
Published: August 2023

Self‐healing proton‐exchange membranes (PEMs) made of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and Nafion were synthesized using the freeze‐thaw method. Since PVA is more selective towards water than methanol, the blend membrane successfully reduced methanol permeability and improved selectivity compared to the recast Nafion membrane. The addition of PVA also helped the membrane self‐heal by promoting the formation of hydrogen bonds. In contrast to the pristine Nafion, which exhibited even more severe methanol crossover after being damaged than before, the Nafion‐PVA membrane underwent a self‐healing process and regained much of its methanol barrier function. These advantageous characteristics of the Nafion‐PVA membrane suggest its potential use in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs).
Interaction Between the Transferrin Protein and Plutonium (and Thorium), What's New?
Authors: Zurita Cyril , Tsushima Satoru , Solari Pier Lorenzo , Menut Denis , Dourdain Sandrine , Jeanson Aurélie , Creff Gaëlle , Den Auwer Christophe
Published: August 2023

Transferrin (Tf) is a glycoprotein that transports iron from the serum to the various organs. Several studies have highlighted that Tf can interact with metals other than Fe(III), including actinides that are chemical and radiological toxics. We propose here to report on the behavior of Th(IV) and Pu(IV) in comparison with Fe(III) upon Tf complexation. We considered UV‐Vis and IR data of the M2Tf complex (M=Fe, Th, Pu) and combined experimental EXAFS data with MD models. EXAFS data of the first M−O coordination sphere are consistent with the MD model considering 1 synergistic carbonate. Further EXAFS data analysis strongly suggests that contamination by Th/Pu colloids seems to occur upon Tf complexation, but it seems limited. SAXS data have also been recorded for all complexes and also after the addition of Deferoxamine‐B (DFOB) in the medium. The Rg values are very close for apoTf, ThTf and PuTf, but slightly larger than for holoTf. Data suggest that the structure of the protein is more ellipsoidal than spherical, with a flattened oblate form. From this data, the following order of conformation size might be considered:holoTf<M2Tf (M=Th, Pu)<apoTf<M2Tf‐DFOB (M=Fe, Th, Pu).
Low‐Pressure Sensitive Piezochromic Fluorescence Switching of Tetraphenylethylene‐Anthraquinone
Authors: Wei Yude , Yang Runqing , Cui Guangzhen , Dai Shuting , Pan Guocui , Wang Jing , Ren Haoxuan , Ma Wenyue , Gu Zijian , Zhang Chenchen , Li Guangming , Liu Zhaoyang , Xu Bin , Tian Wenjing
Published: August 2023

Invited for the cover of this issue are Prof. Wenjing Tian and co‐workers at Jilin University. The image depicts the highly sensitive piezochromic fluorescence switching of tetraphenylethylene‐anthraquinone under low‐pressure regimes (∼60 kPa). Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202301070.
Global optimization of the design of intensified shell and tube heat exchanger using tube inserts
Authors: Chang Chenglin , Shen Weifeng
Published: August 2023

This paper investigates global optimization of the detailed design of intensified shell and tube heat exchangers using two tube inserts: twisted tape and coiled wire. Three objectives, including heat exchanger area, total annualized cost, and environmental impact, are respectively minimized. All the design variables are considered as the ones that have discrete values based on their physical nature or manufacturing standards. We present, for the first time, a tailored global optimization approach for the design of intensified shell and tube heat exchanger: Set trimming procedure. We compare the computational performance of our set trimming procedure, exhaustive enumeration, and commercial solvers. The proposed three objectives have certain competitive relationships and multi‐objective optimization is performed to analyze the conflicts among them. Two literature examples are tested for illustration purposes. The solution results indicate that the intensified heat exchanger designed using tube inserts compares well to the regular heat exchanger using plain tube. Compared with commercial solvers, set trimming procedure runs fast and can converge to global optimum without initial value. The pareto‐optimal solutions of multi‐objective optimization provide holistic trade‐offs between different objectives, hence helping the process designer make proper decisions for the design of intensified shell and tube heat exchangers.
Fe‐Doped CoS2 Nanoarrays: Efficient Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia under Ambient Conditions
Authors: Lu Xiaoliang , Zhou Jinzhi , Zhao Jinxiu , Wu Dan , Liu Xuejing , Ren Xiang , Wei Qin , Ju Huangxian
Published: August 2023

The electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction (NO3−RR) enables the reduction of nitrate to ammonium ions under ambient conditions. It was considered as an alternative reaction for the production of ammonia (NH3) in recent years. In this paper, we report that the Fe doping CoS2 nanoarrays can effectively catalyze the formation of NH3 from nitrate (NO3−) under ambient conditions. This is mainly due to the increase of the NO3− reaction active site by Fe doping and the porous nanostructure of the catalyst, which greatly improves the catalytic activity. Specifically, at −0.9 V vs. RHE, the NH3 yield rate (RNH3) of Fe−CoS2/CC is 17.8×10−2 mmol h−1 cm−2 with Faraday Efficiency (FE) of 88.93 %. Besides, such catalyst shows good durability and catalytic stability, which provides the possibility for the future application of electrocatalytic NH3 production.
Investigations into Annona fruit consumption as a potential source of dietary higenamine intake in the context of sports drug testing
Authors: Rubio Ana , Thomas Andreas , Euler Luisa , Geyer Hans , Krug Oliver , Reis Gabriel , Padilha Monica Costa , Pereira Henrique Marcelo Gualberto , Muniz‐Santos Renan , Cameron Luiz Claudio , Stojanovic Biljana , Kuehne Dirk , Lagojda Andreas , McLeod Malcolm Donald , Thevis Mario
Published: August 2023

Higenamine is prohibited in sports as a β2‐agonist by the World Anti‐Doping Agency. As a key component of a great variety of plants, including the Annonaceae family, one aim of this research project was to evaluate whether the ingestion of Annona fruit could lead to higenamine adverse analytical findings. Single‐dose administration studies including three Annona species (i.e., Annona muricata, Annona cherimola, and Annona squamosa) were conducted, leading to higenamine findings below the established minimum reporting level (MRL) of 10 ng/mL in urine. In consideration of cmax values (7.8 ng/mL) observed for higenamine up to 24 h, a multidose administration study was also conducted, indicating cumulative effects, which can increase the risk of exceeding the applicable MRL doping after Annona fruit ingestion. In this study, however, the MRL was not exceeded at any time point. Further, the major urinary excretion of higenamine in its sulfo‐conjugated form was corroborated, its stability in urine was assessed, and in the absence of reference material, higenamine sulfo‐conjugates were synthesized and comprehensively characterized, suggesting the predominant presence of higenamine 7‐sulfate. In addition, the option to include complementary biomarkers of diet‐related higenamine intake into routine doping controls was investigated. A characteristic urinary pattern attributed to isococlaurine, reticuline, and a yet not fully characterized bismethylated higenamine glucuronide was observed after Annona ingestion but not after supplement use, providing a promising dataset of urinary biomarkers, which supports the discrimination between different sources of urinary higenamine detected in sports drug testing programs.
Potential electrolytes for solid state batteries and its electrochemical analysis—A review
Authors: Zulfiqar Zunaira , Zulfiqar Sadaf , Abbas Qaisar , Mirzaeian M. , Raza Rizwan
Published: August 2023

The main purpose of this review is to present comprehensive research on all solid‐state electrolytes in a single frame. In next‐generation rechargeable solid‐state batteries, the solid‐state electrolytes are well known for their thermal stability, ionic conduction, and electrochemical stability. Therefore, in scientific societies, the development of potential solid‐state electrolytes become a trending debate to enhance their cycling stability and electrochemical properties. Here, the recent development of all solid electrolytes (such as ceramic and structure‐based electrolytes) to enhance their electrochemical properties is summarized. From previous studies, the installation of solid electrolytes is hindered by the following factors electrode‐electrolyte interface, dendrite growth, and discharge capacity as well as its solutions are discussed. Additionally, advanced electrochemical characterization techniques such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and galvanostatic charging and discharging used to evaluate the electrochemical behavior of electrolytes in the solid frame are summarized for the first time. Moreover, an up‐to‐date article on battery performance with potential electrolytes and some future perspectives also give a vivid image of the pragmatic applications of these batteries at the commercial level.
Appraisal of reservoir porosity using a machine learning approach: A study from the Eocene‐Miocene interval of Upper Assam Basin, NE, India
Authors: Kumar Jitender , Kumar Priyadarshi Chinmoy , Sain Kalachand
Published: August 2023

Porosity estimation is essential for the exploration of hydrocarbons in sedimentary basins, which are affected by several factors such as the burial depth, lithology changes, sedimentary environment and diagenetic degree. Hence, detailed understanding of reservoir porosity is essential for estimating potential economic reserves and developing an explored hydrocarbon field. The present study uses high‐quality three‐dimensional (3D) seismic reflection data to decipher the porous zones within the Eocene‐Oligocene‐Miocene intervals of the Upper Assam Basin. The coherency seismic attribute has brought out several fault‐bounded structures that control the reservoir geometry. Random forest‐based machine learning technique has been utilized for the porosity estimation within the formations of interest. It is observed that the north‐east (NE) parts of the targeted intervals are porous with varying porosity of 0.28–0.42. The Miocene period witnessed a high amount of sedimentation within the basin. Different structural highs and thicknesses are pronounced in the NE part of the study region. Thus, the Miocene intervals are favourable leads for the exploitation of hydrocarbons.
Improving older adults' autobiographical memory through video‐conferencing intervention during COVID‐19
Authors: Jung Dawoon , Choi Juhee , Park Soohyun , Choi Kee‐Hong
Published: August 2023

Background

Autobiographical memory (AM) is valuable not only as an indicator of mental health and cognitive function, but also as a target of therapeutic intervention for older adults. In the context of the COVID‐19 pandemic, the demand for online psychosocial interventions and assessment services has sharply increased. Thus, the present study examined the effectiveness of videoconferencing AM (vAM) intervention using the Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) method in addition to the traditional paper‐and‐pencil assessment among samples of community dwelling older adults.

Methods

Twenty‐seven older adults (aged 66–86 years) participated in a vAM intervention composed of 4 weekly 90‐min sessions. The primary outcome was AM specificity, with secondary outcomes as depressive symptom and cognitive function, measured before and after the intervention. In addition, daily emotions were measured through EMA over 4 weeks of intervention. The EMA data were analyzed using a multilevel analysis.

Results

The results showed low dropout rates (7%) and high EMA response rates (85%). Autobiographical memory specificity increased (Cohen's d = 0.678), and the level of depression declined significantly (Cohen's d = 0.375) after the program. Additionally, measures assessing cognitive function, such as Seoul Verbal Learning Test and DSC (Digit Symbol Coding), showed significant improvements. The EMA results indicated a decrease in the intensity and proportion of negative emotions experienced during the program.

Conclusions

This study is the first to utilize videoconferencing and EMA to deliver an AM intervention targeting older adults. The intervention was effective in improving mental health and cognitive function, including AM in older adults. Additionally, EMA was found to be a feasible tool for use in older adults.
The health, economic and social burden of smoking in Argentina, and the impact of increasing tobacco taxes in a context of illicit trade
Authors: Palacios Alfredo , Alcaraz Andrea , Casarini Agustín , Rodriguez Cairoli Federico , Espinola Natalia , Balan Dario , Perelli Lucas , Augustovski Federico , Bardach Ariel , Pichon‐Riviere Andrés
Published: August 2023

Tobacco tax increases, the most cost‐effective measure in reducing consumption, remain underutilized in low and middle‐income countries. This study estimates the health and economic burden of smoking in Argentina and forecasts the benefits of tobacco tax hikes, accounting for the potential effects of illicit trade. Using a probabilistic Markov microsimulation model, this study quantifies smoking‐related deaths, health events, and societal costs. The model also estimates the health and economic benefits of different increases in the price of cigarettes through taxes. Annually, smoking causes 45,000 deaths and 221,000 health events in Argentina, costing USD 2782 million in direct medical expenses, USD 1470 million in labor productivity loss costs, and USD 1069 million in informal care costs—totaling 1.2% of the national gross domestic product. Even in a scenario that considers illicit trade of tobacco products, a 50% cigarette price increase through taxes could yield USD 8292 million in total economic benefits accumulated over a decade. Consequently, raising tobacco taxes could significantly reduce the health and economic burdens of smoking in Argentina while increasing fiscal revenue.
Analysis of factors affecting discharge with the personal consent of hospitalized patients: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Babaei Zahra , Alizadeh Masoumeh , Shahsawari Soodeh , Jihoni‐Kalhori Azar , Cheraghbeigi Ramin , Sotoudeh Rahman , Mohammadi Ali
Published: August 2023

Background and Aims

Discharge by personal satisfaction is a condition in which the patient leaves the hospital before completing the care period against medical advice. Thus, this study aims to identify and analyze the reasons for discharge with the personal satisfaction of hospitalized patients.

Methods

The study was descriptive‐analytical being performed in 2021. The study population was 2869 discharged inpatients with personal satisfaction. Sampling was done by random and census. The data were collected using a checklist and a researcher‐made questionnaire whose validity and reliability were confirmed. The data were analyzed using SPSS24 by K‐Score test for qualitative and variance for quantitative variables.

Results

The discharge rate by personal satisfaction was 7.01%, the average age was 42 years, and the average length of stay was 4 days. Further, 57.1% of patients were female, 63.7% were married, and 21% were babies. A total of 22.77% of the patients were discharged with the father's consent, of which 13.2% were re‐admitted. The most common reasons for the discharge were feeling of recovery (47.2%), the hospital being educational (30%), and dissatisfaction with the services of doctors (51.6%). Discharge with personal satisfaction had a significant relationship with the length of hospitalization (p < 0.001) and type of hospital (p = 0.04).

Conclusion

The feeling of recovery, the educational nature of the hospital, and dissatisfaction with the services of doctors were the most common reasons for discharge with personal satisfaction. Therefore, monitoring the provision of services, establishing proper patient‐doctor communication, and increasing the awareness of patients and parents could reduce this type of discharge and its consequences.
Postmenopausal women's usage of complementary and alternative medicine and its relationship to sexual function: A cross‐sectional study in southeastern Iran
Authors: Dehghan Mahlagha , Isari Zahra , Abbaszadeh Mohammad Hossein , Shafiee Babaei Seyed Amirreza , Kamali Narab Zahra , Malakoutikhah Alireza , Ghonchehpour Asma
Published: August 2023

Background and Aims

Sexual dysfunction is one of the most common problems in postmenopausal women that affect their lives. Due to the widespread disadvantages and age limit of drug and hormone therapy, the demand for complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) methods has increased.

Methods

This was a descriptive‐analytical study. A total of 297 postmenopausal women who were referred to health centers in Kerman, southeastern Iran, were selected during the years 2020–2021. The use of CAM and sexual function were examined by Complementary and Alternative Medicine Questionnaire and the Female Sexual Function Index, respectively. Data were collected through a combination of face‐to‐face and online forms.

Results

More than half of the participants used at least one type of CAM in the preceding year for any general reason. The mean satisfaction score for CAM use was 21.7 ± 5.84; Most reasons of use were for improving quality of life, improving physical function, reducing sleep disorders, improving mood status, reducing vasomotor symptom, and improving sexual function, respectively. Most reasons of use were related to sexual dysfunction. Specifically, the mean score for sexual function was 17.96 ± 7.50 which was lower than the scale's midpoint of 28. According to different subscales of sexual function, 52.9% of participants had good desire, 49.5% good arousal, 34.7% good lubrication, 56.9% good orgasm, and 2% had no pain, and 52.5% were satisfied with their sexual function. There were no significant differences between CAM users and nonusers about sexual functions and all its subscales.

Conclusion

There were no significant differences between CAM users and nonusers about sexual functions and all its domains. Further research in different communities with different health systems is recommended to investigate the relationship between CAM and sexual function among postmenopausal women.
Predicting and explaining karst spring dissolved oxygen using interpretable deep learning approach
Authors: Zhou Renjie , Zhang Yanyan
Published: August 2023

Dissolved oxygen (DO) is one of the most important indicators of water quality and an essential measure for the aquatic organisms and the local ecosystem. DO concentrations in karst spring flow involves complex hydrological processes because of the heterogeneous nature of the karst system. In this study, an interpretable and explainable model that integrates the shapley additive explanations (SHAP) algorithm with the long short‐term memory network model (LSTM) is proposed to evaluate the contributions of karst spring discharge, precipitation, water temperature, and specific conductance to DO concentrations in karst spring flow. The hybrid model can predict the temporal fluctuations of DO levels and provide a robust characterization of DO behaviours. To demonstrate the applicability of the proposed model, we adopted the hydrological and meteorological data from Barton Springs, situated within a highly karstified segment of the Edwards aquifer characterized by extensive fractures and openings. The optimal prediction performance is achieved with a 14‐day time step, which is considered as the effective response time between various hydrological processes and DO concentrations at Barton Springs. It reveals that the influence of karst spring discharge, precipitation, water temperature, and specific conductance in previous 14 days collectively contribute to the current DO concentration in karst spring flow. The SHAP values of input features provide both local and global explanations, demonstrating the magnitude and the direction of each feature's impact on DO levels in karst spring flow. In descending order, the contributions of various hydrological processes to DO are ranked as follows: precipitation, karst spring discharge, temperature, and specific conductance. Precipitation and discharge exhibit positive SHAP values, indicating that increases in these hydrological processes contribute to higher DO levels in the karst flow. Water temperature and specific conductance have negative SHAP values, suggesting that higher water temperature and specific conductance will lead to decreased DO levels in the karst flow.
Seasonal and tidal variations in hydrologic inputs drive salt marsh porewater nitrate dynamics
Authors: Grande Emilio , Seybold Erin C. , Tatariw Corianne , Visser Ate , Braswell Anna , Arora Bhavna , Birgand François , Haskins John , Zimmer Margaret
Published: August 2023

Salt marshes remove terrestrially derived nutrients en route to coasts. While these systems play a critical role in improving water quality, we still have a limited understanding of the spatiotemporal variability of biogeochemically reactive solutes and processes within salt marshes. We implemented a high‐frequency sampling system to monitor sub‐hourly nitrate () concentrations in salt marsh porewater at Elkhorn Slough in central California, USA. We instrumented three marsh positions along an elevation gradient subjected to different amounts of tidal inundation, which we predicted would lead to varied biogeochemical characteristics and hydrological interactions. At each marsh position, we continuously monitored porewater concentrations at depths of 10, 30, and 50 cm and porewater levels measured at 70 cm depth over seven deployments of ~10 days each that spanned seasonal wet/dry periods common to Mediterranean climates. We quantified tidal event hysteresis between and water level to understand how concentrations and sources fluctuate across tidal cycles. In dry periods, the ‐porewater level relationship indicated that the source was likely estuarine surface water that flooded the transect during high tides and the salt marsh was a sink. In wet periods, the ‐porewater level relationship suggested the salt marsh was a source of . These findings suggest that tidal and seasonal hydrologic fluxes together control porewater dynamics and export and influence ecological processes in coastal environments.
Control of bleeding from a recurrent tumor at a uretero‐ileal anastomosis by electrocoagulation via an ileal conduit
Authors: Yasujima Rikuto , Nakanishi Yasukazu , Hirose Kohei , Umino Yosuke , Okubo Naoya , Kataoka Madoka , Yajima Shugo , Masuda Hitoshi
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Bladder cancer is characterized by spatial and temporal recurrence in the urinary tract. We describe a case of recurrence at a uretero‐ileal anastomosis after radical cystectomy and nephroureterectomy. It was difficult to control bleeding from the tumor, but hemostasis was achieved.

Case presentation

A 73‐year‐old man with a history of radical cystectomy and reconstruction of the ileal conduit and right nephroureterectomy was diagnosed with recurrence at the uretero‐ileal anastomosis site. Bleeding from the tumor could not be controlled by flexible gastrointestinal endoscopy. The patient underwent coagulation via an ileal conduit approach using a rigid scope and bipolar electrocautery, which is usually a modality for transurethral resection.

Conclusion

This is the first report in which a modality normally used for transurethral resection was used to control bleeding in a patient with an ileal conduit. This application is useful in cases open surgery or additional irradiation might be difficult.
Trading rule discovery using technical analysis and a template matching technique for pattern recognition: Evidence from the Chinese stock market
Authors: Lobão Júlio , Pacheco Luís , Fernandes António
Published: August 2023

This paper examines the potential profit of bull flag trading rules in the Shanghai Stock Exchange Composite Index (SSE) using a template matching technique based on price pattern recognition. This paper fills a gap in the literature by applying a template matching technique for the recognition of bull flag patterns in the Shanghai Stock Exchange Composite Index (SSE) during the period of 1991–2021. To the best of our knowledge, no previous study has applied bull flag trading rules to the Chinese stock market. Our results indicate that bull flag trading rules can correctly predict the price movement direction of the index most of the time, achieving significantly positive excess profits. Moreover, shorter fitting windows and better quality of price fit values for lower holding periods are associated with better performance. This research may have relevant practical implications for investors who opt for this indicator in their asset allocation decisions.
Examining auditors’ ability to evaluate the reasonableness of fair value estimates
Authors: Gong Sabrina , Hao Yamin , Ho Nam
Published: August 2023

One of the most difficult challenges facing contemporary auditors is evaluating the reasonableness of fair value estimates (FVEs) made by management. Both practitioners and academic studies have shown auditors to be deficient when tasked with assessing FVEs. However, it is not well understood whether the root cause of this deficiency lies in auditors’ lack of knowledge to appropriately evaluate estimates or auditors’ lack of willingness to challenge management. Using the setting of common auditors in M&A transactions, this study empirically examines whether the audit deficiency can be resolved by providing auditors with additional knowledge or willingness. Our results show that common auditors significantly outperform their peers when tasked with assessing the reasonableness of FVEs in purchase price allocations and reducing overallocation to goodwill when managers have incentives to do so. Further, the evidence is consistent with common auditors demonstrating improved performance in challenging information environments, but not in scenarios where risks to auditors may be perceived to be higher. The results suggest that it is their greater asset‐specific knowledge that drives mitigation of the audit deficiency and that targeting improvements to knowledge rather than willingness is likely to be more effective in improving auditors’ ability to evaluate FVEs.
Spectrum of ultrasound findings in patients with history of breast conservative treatment
Authors: Katouli Fatemeh Shakki , Bayani Leila , Azizinik Fahimeh , Fathi Somayeh , Seifollahi Akram , Bozorgabadi Fatemeh Zare
Published: August 2023

Breast conservative treatment (BCT) is currently accepted as the standard treatment option for breast cancer. Targeted ultrasound helps detect recurrent lesions, postoperative changes, and scarring tissue. In this pictorial essay, we review the ultrasound features of benign (seroma, hematoma, fat necrosis, traumatic neuroma, fibrosis/scarring) and malignant (recurrence, new primary cancer) causes of palpable lumps after BCT and provide images from our patients to illustrate some typical findings of common pathologies. Ultrasound, especially as an adjunct to mammography, can make a specific diagnosis in most cases.
Serum trimethylamine N‐oxide and lipopolysaccharide binding protein levels among children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Açıkel Sadettin Burak , Kara Aziz , Bağcı Zafer , Can Ümmügülsüm
Published: August 2023

In the literature, there have been several studies available investigating the relationship between autism spectrum disorder and intestinal permeability. In this study, it is aimed to examine the relationship between the levels of trimethylamine N‐oxide (TMAO), which is a parameter associated with intestinal permeability, and lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP), which is a marker associated with bacterial translocation from the intestine, in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and healthy controls. Fifty‐three children with ASD as the patient group and 30 healthy children as the control group have been included in the study. The diagnostic evaluation has been made according to DSM‐5 criteria. According to the obtained results, there has been no significant difference between groups in terms of serum TMAO and LBP levels. Considering the existence of various studies that found different results on ASD and intestinal permeability, it is thought that the studies conducted in this field that did not find statistically different results will also make a contribution to the literature.
Resistance to change, of behavior and of theory
Authors: Craig Andrew R.
Published: August 2023

The persistence of operant behavior when disrupted tends to be positively related to how often reinforcers were delivered in the past. Behavioral momentum theory describes this finding as the outcome of Pavlovian processes. That is, the relation between discriminative stimuli and reinforcers that were delivered in their presence strengthens behavior, thereby making it more likely to persist. If only the story were that simple. A growing number of findings challenge the basic tenets of behavioral momentum theory. Some even call into question whether Pavlovian relations contribute to persistence in the first place. In this paper, I will review behavioral momentum theory and some of the data that have been problematic for the theory. I will argue that despite these very real challenges, the theory provides important utility not only to basic analyses of response persistence but also to clinical interventions directed at long‐term reductions in problem behavior. It, for example, has set the stage for the development of alternative conceptual analyses of resistance to change, two of which will be highlighted for readers. Moreover, behavioral momentum theory may tell us something important about the reasons it continues to have an influence on the field, despite the challenging data that deter it.
Quantitative assessment of lipophilic membrane dye‐based labelling of extracellular vesicles by nano‐flow cytometry
Authors: Chen Chen , Cai Niangui , Niu Qian , Tian Ye , Hu Yunyun , Yan Xiaomei
Published: August 2023

Although lipophilic membrane dyes (LMDs) or probes (LMPs) are widely used to label extracellular vesicles (EVs) for detection and purification, their labelling performance has not been systematically characterized. Through concurrent side scattering and fluorescence detection of single EVs as small as 40 nm in diameter by a laboratory‐built nano‐flow cytometer (nFCM), present study identified that (1) PKH67 and PKH26 could maximally label ∼60%–80% of EVs isolated from the conditioned cell culture medium (purity of ∼88%) and ∼40%–70% of PFP‐EVs (purity of ∼73%); (2) excessive PKH26 could cause damage to the EV structure; (3) di‐8‐ANEPPS and high concentration of DiI could achieve efficient and uniform labelling of EVs with nearly 100% labelling efficiency for di‐8‐ANEPPS and 70%–100% for DiI; (4) all the four tested LMDs can aggregate and form micelles that exhibit comparable side scatter and fluorescence intensity with those of labelled EVs and thus hardly be differentiate from each other; (5) as the LMD concentration went up, the particle number of self‐aggregates increased while the fluorescence intensity of aggregates remained constant; (6) PKH67 and PKH26 tend to form more aggregated micelles than di‐8‐ANEPPS and DiI, and the effect of LMD self‐aggregation can be negligible at optimal staining conditions. (7) All the four tested LMDs can label almost all the very‐low‐density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles, indicating potential confounding factor in plasma‐EV labelling. Besides, it was discovered that DSPE‐PEG2000‐biotin can only label ∼50% of plasma‐EVs. The number of LMP inserted into the membrane of single EVs was measured for the first time and it was confirmed that membrane labelling by lipophilic dyes did not interfere with the immunophenotyping of EVs. nFCM provides a unique perspective for a better understanding of EV labelling by LMD/LMP.
Critical properties of bipartite permutation graphs
Authors: Alecu Bogdan , Lozin Vadim , Malyshev Dmitriy
Published: August 2023

The class of bipartite permutation graphs enjoys many nice and important properties. In particular, this class is critically important in the study of clique‐ and rank‐width of graphs, because it is one of the minimal hereditary classes of graphs of unbounded clique‐ and rank‐width. It also contains a number of important subclasses, which are critical with respect to other parameters, such as graph lettericity or shrub‐depth, and with respect to other notions, such as well‐quasi‐ordering or complexity of algorithmic problems. In the present paper we identify critical subclasses of bipartite permutation graphs of various types.
Review on synthetic approaches towards barbituric acids‐based furo[2,3‐d]pyrimidines
Authors: Olyaei Abolfazl , Sadeghpour Mahdieh
Published: August 2023

Pyrimidine annulated five‐membered heterocyclic scaffolds containing oxygen as furopyrimidine, particularly furo[2,3‐d]pyrimidine derivatives are an important class of heterocyclic compounds in pharmaceutical discovery research. Furo[2,3‐d]pyrimidines are generally synthesized either from a pyrimidine derivative by constructing a furan ring on the parent pyrimidine ring or from a suitably functionalized furan ring by generating the pyrimidine ring on the parent furan ring. Moreover, there is a wide range of multicomponent reactions that include barbituric acids as starting material for the synthesis of these compounds. Also, the reaction of barbituric acids with alkenes, alkynes, aldehydes, ketones, ninhydrin, and chloroacetylchloride, and Cloke–Wilson rearrangement of spirocyclopropyl barbiturates afforded furo[2,3‐d]pyrimidine derivatives. This review is an attempt to compile the literature of various synthetic procedures toward barbituric acids‐based furo[2,3‐d]pyrimidine and spirofuro[2,3‐d]pyrimidines.
繰り返す誤嚥性肺炎に合併した肺化膿症による感染性鎖骨下動脈瘤破裂のため喀血した1例(Hemoptysis caused by ruptured subclavian artery pseudoaneurysm related to lung suppuration following recurrent aspiration pneumonia)
Authors: 智也 阿部 , まりこ 守屋 , 貴久 加藤 , 成明 大竹 , 健也 鈴木 , 武郎 奈倉 , 秀史 佐野 , 純也 弦切
Published: August 2023

繰り返す誤嚥性肺炎は肺膿瘍，膿胸を合併しやすい。今回我々は，繰り返す誤嚥性肺炎から肺化膿症を合併し，喀血した症例を経験した。喀血の原因を左鎖骨下動脈本幹から胸腔内に突出する不整形の仮性動脈瘤であると同定し，同日，感染性鎖骨下動脈動脈瘤に対してコイル塞栓術を施行した。塞栓修了後，喀血は消失し，第9病日に自宅退院した。本邦における感染，とくに炎症性肺疾患に伴う感染性動脈瘤，あるいは仮性動脈瘤破裂の報告は一般的に肺動脈で生じており，鎖骨下動脈の報告は稀である。鎖骨下動脈に近接した炎症性肺疾患がある患者が喀血した際には，感染性鎖骨下動脈動脈瘤の可能性も考慮する必要が示唆された。
COVID–19禍における救急科臨床実習についての現状～学生と教員の視点から～(Clinical clerkship in the emergency department during the COVID–19 pandemic: perspectives of medical students and faculty)
Authors: 篤 上畠 , 飛鳥 土谷 , 真吾 飯島 , 誠司 守田 , 儀英 中川
Published: August 2023

【目的】コロナウイルス感染症2019（COVID–19）のパンデミックは世界中の医学教育に大きな影響を及ぼした。様々な制限下に行われる医学臨床実習に，医学生の意見や考えがどの程度反映されているかは不明であり，医学生と教員の視点の相違は十分に検討されていない。医学生と教員の双方の視点から教育評価を行うことで，パンデミック下での臨床実習のあり方を検討する。【対象】2020年1月から2021年6月（第1～5波）までに救命救急科をローテーションした全医学生と全救命救急科教員を対象として，COVID–19禍における診療参加型臨床実習に関するアンケート調査を横断的に行った。【結果】アンケート回収率・有効回答数は，医学生は65%（157 / 242），教員は100%（27 / 27）。診療に不安を感じる医学生は半数近くいた。一方，教員は診療参加を是とする意見は約半数であった。また陽性患者の診察は病室外見学が医学生・教員ともに最多回答で，感染が確定していない場合は見学にすべきとの回答があった。【結語】7割近くの医学生はCOVID–19診療に不安を感じているが，教職員の約半数はCOVID–19診療に参画すべきであると考えていた。診断のついていない患者を診察するのが救急科の特徴であり，医学生の安全を担保する目的でも救急初療では未知の感染性疾患に対しては『非接触型実習』を，診断確定後，安全が確保された環境下では『接触型実習』が望まれる。教職員は医学生の安全な環境作りをすることが求められる。
Analysis of cam location characteristics in FAI syndrome patients from 3D MR images demonstrates sex‐specific differences
Authors: Bugeja Jessica M. , Xia Ying , Chandra Shekhar S. , Murphy Nicholas J. , Crozier Stuart , Hunter David J. , Fripp Jurgen , Engstrom Craig
Published: August 2023

Cam femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) syndrome is associated with hip osteoarthritis (OA) development. Hip shape features, derived from statistical shape modeling (SSM), are predictive for OA incidence, progression, and arthroplasty. Currently, no three‐dimensional (3D) SSM studies have investigated whether there are cam shape differences between male and female patients, which may be of potential clinical relevance for FAI syndrome assessments. This study analyzed sex‐specific cam location and shape in FAI syndrome patients from clinical magnetic resonance examinations (M:F 56:41, age: 16–63 years) using 3D focused shape modeling‐based segmentation (CamMorph) and partial least squares regression to obtain shape features (latent variables [LVs]) of cam morphology. Two‐way analysis of variance tests were used to assess cam LV data for sex and cam volume severity differences. There was no significant interaction between sex and cam volume severity for the LV data. A sex main effect was significant for LV 1 (cam size) and LV 2 (cam location) with medium to large effect sizes (p < 0.001, d > 0.75). Mean results revealed males presented with a superior‐focused cam, whereas females presented with an anterior‐focused cam. When stratified by cam volume, cam morphologies were located superiorly in male and anteriorly in female FAI syndrome patients with negligible, mild, or moderate cam volumes. Both male and female FAI syndrome patients with major cam volumes had a global cam distribution. In conclusion, sex‐specific cam location differences are present in FAI syndrome patients with negligible, mild, and moderate cam volumes, whereas major cam volumes were globally distributed in both male and female patients.
A review of pharmacy‐led interventions: identification of facilitators and barriers for the design of a new model of care for asthma
Authors: Rajballi‐Naidoo Neera , Wilby Kyle John , Young Amber , Smith Alesha
Published: August 2023

The objective of this narrative review was to determine the facilitators and barriers identified in pharmacy‐led interventions that improve outcomes in patients with asthma and support the implementation of interventions in practice. EMBASE, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and PubMed were used to identify 17 relevant articles. Seven studies were randomised controlled studies and 10 were one‐arm, pre‐post evaluations of all participants enrolled. Questionnaires assessing asthma control, medicine adherence, and knowledge about asthma were used, while checklists were used to assess inhaler technique. Studies with planned interventions in a clinic or general practice setting and lasting for 6 months (compared to longer interventions of 48 weeks) were more successful in retaining participation in the program. Education was the key intervention in which inhaler technique training was the most common. Knowledge about the disease, its aetiology, trigger factors, and medication used were covered in 10 of the studies. Fifteen of the articles reported an improvement in the asthma of patients receiving intervention by the pharmacist, measured by their asthma control test scores, emergency department visits, or reduced emergency steroid prescriptions. This review highlights five key requirements for the success of pharmacy‐based interventions for asthma management: (a) developing and maintaining a skilled workforce; (b) close proximation of a general practitioner practice or clinic to the pharmacy; (c) patient education on the disease and medicine; (d) structured and standardised intervention and assessment; and (e) length of the intervention suitable to the pharmacist and the patient.
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Authors: Guo Mingming , Qin Yujie , Sun Hezhi , Li Zhaoqun , Zhang Xinzhong , Wang Xinru , Yang Mei , Luo Fengjian , Chen Zongmao , Zhou Li
Published: August 2023

The cover image is based on the Research Article Method validation for detection of afidopyropen and M440I007 in tea by Mingming Guo et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.12691.

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A deep learning‐based simulator for comprehensive two‐dimensional GC applications
Authors: Minho Lucas Almir Cavalcante , Cardeal Zenilda de Lourdes , Menezes Helvécio Costa
Published: August 2023

Among the main approaches for predicting the spatial positions of eluates in comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography, the still under‐explored computational models based on deep learning algorithms emerge as robust and reliable options due to their high adaptability to the structure and complexity of the data. In this work, an open‐source program based on deep neural networks was developed to optimize chromatographic methods and simulate operating conditions outside the laboratory. The deep neural networks models were fit to convenient experimental predictors, resulting in scaled losses (mean squared error) equivalent to 0.006 (relative average deviation = 8.56%, R2 = 0.9202) and 0.014 (relative average deviation = 1.67%, R2 = 0.8009) in the prediction of the first‐ and second‐dimension retention times, respectively. Good compliance was observed for the main chemical classes, such as environmental contaminants: volatile, semivolatile organic compounds, and pesticides; biochemistry molecules: amino acids and lipids; pharmaceutical industry and personal care products and residues: drugs and metabolites; among others. On the other hand, there is a need for continuous database updates to predict retention times of less common compounds accurately. Thus, forming a collaborative database is proposed, gathering voluntary findings from other users.
A novel pillar[3]trianglimine macrocycle with a deep cavity used as a chiral selector to prepare a chiral stationary phase by thiol‐ene click reaction for enantioseparation in high‐performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Liang Rui‐Xue , Ma Qi‐Yu , Xiang Tuan‐Xiu , Zhang You‐Ping , Gong Ya‐Nan , Huang Bin , Wang Bang‐Jin , Xie Sheng‐Ming , Zhang Jun‐Hui , Yuan Li‐Ming
Published: August 2023

A chiral pillar[3]trianglimine (C60H72N6O6) with a deep cavity has been developed as a chiral selector and bonded to thiolated silica by thiol‐ene click reaction to fabricate a novel chiral stationary phase for enantioseparation in high‐performance liquid chromatography. The enantioseparation performance of the fabricated chiral stationary phase has been evaluated by separating various racemic compounds, including alcohols, esters, amines, ketones, amino acids, and epoxides, in both normal‐phase and reversed‐phase elution modes. In total, 14 and 17 racemates have been effectively separated in these two separation modes, respectively. In comparison with two widely used chiral columns (Chiralcel OD‐H and Chiralpak AD‐H), our novel chiral stationary phase offered good chiral separation complementarity, separating some of the tested racemates that could not be separated or were only partially separated on these two commercial columns. The influences of analyte mass, mobile phase composition, and column temperature on chiral separation have been investigated. Good repeatability, stability, and column‐to‐column reproducibility of the chiral stationary phase for enantioseparation have been observed. After the fabricated column had been eluted up to 400 times, the relative standard deviations (n = 5) of resolution (Rs) and retention time of the separated analytes were < 0.39% and < 0.20%, respectively. The relative standard deviations (n = 3) of Rs and retention time for column‐to‐column reproducibility were < 4.6% and < 5.2%, respectively. This study demonstrated that the new chiral stationary phase has great prospects for chiral separation in high‐performance liquid chromatography.