bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Blockchain-Enabled Internet of Things (IoT) Applications in Healthcare: A Systematic Review of Current Trends and Future Opportunities
Authors: Vichayanan Rattanawiboomsom  , Muhammad Saleem Korejo  , Javed Ali  , Uthen Thatsaringkharnsakun
Published: August 2023

The use of advanced computer technology in the healthcare industry has the potential to improve patient care and therapeutic results. The goal of this project is to improve data security, privacy, and decentralisation in healthcare by integrating blockchain and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. The adoption of IoT devices makes it possible to gather and analyse patient sensory data in real–time; however centralised processing and storage present problems such as data manipulation and privacy issues. The study investigates the creation of a decentralised IoT-based e-healthcare system that takes these issues into account by utilising blockchain technology. In addition, the paper also emphasises how blockchain use has advanced smart contract technologies. Smart contracts provide safe user authentication for IoT device access, assuring responsibility, traceability, and data integrity. The study investigates the potentially game-changing applications of blockchain technology in healthcare, such as enhanced data interoperability, patient-cantered care, reduced administrative procedures, and increased transaction transparency. The report also highlights the significance of blockchain in managing pharmaceutical supply chains, considering the essential influence on patient welfare and safety. Effective management is essential in the healthcare business because supply chain interruptions or breaches can have serious implications. The present level of research in blockchain-enabled IoT applications for healthcare is examined comprehensively using the PRISMA framework and records from the Scopus database. The three most important research topics are cloud computing, fog computing, and medical services. The results highlight the important role that blockchain-enabled IoT applications have played in enhancing data security and privacy in the healthcare industry. Real-time data gathering, precise diagnoses, individualised treatments, and simplified administrative procedures are all made possible by the integration of blockchain and IoT. Additionally, scalable solutions and insightful data for healthcare decision-making are provided via fog computing, cloud computing, machine learning, and smart contracts.
Contra-en(cantar) o bairro. Poéticas da paisagem do rap kriolu na Área Metropolitana de Lisboa
Authors: Leal Gabriela
Published: August 2023

As narrativas sobre as cidades constituem uma dimensão estruturante da vida urbana. Embora diversas, operam em um campo de forças desiguais. Parte delas são dominantes e responsáveis por disseminar concepções circunscritas de cidade. A despeito disso, narrativas dissidentes existem (e resistem). Esta problemática é o ponto de partida da etnografia que realizo com mulheres rappers engajadas com a cena de rap kriolu da Área Metropolitana de Lisboa, Portugal. É a partir da perspectiva da imaginação espacial e da eficácia simbólica das narrativas que venho me engajando e pensando junto com elas sobre questões mais abrangentes da vida urbana. Neste artigo, formulo interpretações iniciais deste percurso de pesquisa. Do ponto de vista teórico, busco dialogar e construir pontes entre duas ideias centrais: poéticas da paisagem e tecnologias de contra-encantamento.
Experiência urbana gay afeminada e modos de resistência na cidade contemporânea
Authors: Belarmino Victor Hugo , Dimenstein Magda , Leite Jáder Ferreira
Published: August 2023

No Brasil, a afeminação é o principal marcador usado para identificar a homossexualidade masculina, contudo os estudos de gênero/sexualidade não tomam a afeminação e os elementos a ela associados como uma categoria analítica decisiva, sobretudo no recorte das experiências urbanas. Neste artigo, objetivamos compreender os modos de opressão vividos e os modos de resistência de homens gays afeminados na cidade contemporânea. Para isso, realizou-se com gays afeminados, 8 entrevistas semiestruturadas e, posteriormente, um grupo de conversa com 5 outros participantes. Os resultados apontam para a relevância da compreensão interseccional dos marcadores da diferença, visto que ser negro, pobre, jovem e periférico funcionam como vetores da precarização da experiência urbana de homens gays afeminados, fazendo-os enxergar a cidade de forma temerosa e violenta. Contudo, os movimentos micropolíticos individuais e coletivos de autoafirmação, confrontamento e desobediência normativa sobre as expectativas de gênero e sexualidade abrem novas possibilidades de existência na cidade.
Caminhadas e itinerários entre Rio de Janeiro e Lisboa. Artistas e ativistas urbanos entre sociabilidades e formas de resistir
Authors: Reginensi Caterine , Raposo Paulo
Published: August 2023

Pensar a caminhada e o método dos itinerários como instrumentos de pesquisa e simultaneamente de intervenção artística e ativista em contexto urbano é o ponto de partida deste texto. A partir de pesquisas etnográficas em contexto lisboeta (Portugal) e carioca (Brasil) compartilhamos experiências de caminhadas/itinerários realizados junto com duas artistas urbanas / uma organização de ativistas negros em cidades em mudança. Estilos de vida, intervenções de arte urbana e performances ativistas constroem a trama de modos de fazer etnografia e olhar mundos diversos de forma engajada, procurando dar visibilidade e voz. Os pesquisadores se deixam conduzir nos meandros da cidade através da mobilização de um método e de uma abordagem experimental pelos protagonistas das suas pesquisas que assim se tornam guias. A proposta de caminhar transforma as experiências do terreno, a intervenção e a performance em modos dialógicos, reflexivos e sensoriais de pensar e viver a cidade.
“Enquanto eu dormia, cavaram uma cova no fundo do meu peito”: Mineração, deslocamento compulsório e pichações nas ruínas de cinco bairros fantasmas (Maceió-AL)
Authors: Souza Luiza , Petronilho Aissa Simas , Eduardo Carlos
Published: August 2023

O presente artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre pichações presentes nas ruínas de bairros em afundamento na cidade de Maceió, Alagoas. O desastre socioambiental, que atinge cinco bairros da capital, é resultado da exploração de sal-gema pela petroquímica Braskem S/A e culminou no deslocamento compulsório (Haesbaert, 2004) de cerca de 60 mil pessoas. Com base em investigações etnográficas independentes, pesquisa documental e em diálogo com dois projetos fotográficos locais, compilamos um conjunto de pichações e grafites feitos por moradores e ex-moradores dos bairros condenados. Discutimos as intervenções relacionadas às materialidades do arruinamento, atentando-nos para as maneiras com que memórias, frustrações, denúncias e reivindicações são expressas nos escritos e desenhos pichados em muros depredados. Logo, buscamos examinar como os atores sociais se articulam em resposta à violência perpetrada e encontram maneiras de reocupar os signos da destruição, reconfigurando subjetividades e inaugurando novos modos de ação histórica (Das, 2020).
Transition From Face-to-Face to E-Learning and Pedagogical Model
Authors: Chelliq Ikram , Anoir Lamya , Erradi Mohamed , Khaldi Mohamed
Published: August 2023

Various efforts and forms to provide effective e-learning during the COVID-19 crisis forced teachers during this period to re-examine what form learning and teaching can take in the long term and what role e-learning can play when institutions reopen. This transaction from face-to-face learning to distance learning is gradually developing and leading the world towards a fully digital world and with the proliferation of technology and the information and communication technology (ICT) revolution. The field of e-learning has now become a new epitome widely used, accessed, and implemented by institutions. The main objective of the chapter is to shed light on the transition from face-to-face to online learning. The authors define traditional learning after giving an overview of the so-called new pedagogy and comparing it to traditional pedagogy. Then they define the different types of e-learning by proposing examples each time. Towards the end, they specify the different models and methods of e-learning.
Digital Transformation in Primary and Secondary Education in Japan
Authors: Sato Hiroshi , Uchiyama Emiko
Published: August 2023

In Japan, schools were closed from March to May 2020 due to COVID-19. As most schools could not offer online classes, in April 2020, the government implemented the GIGA School Concept to accelerate the development of information and communication technology (ICT) in primary and secondary education. A case study of a secondary school was conducted. The results show that the principal exercised four types of leadership based on firm values: (1) sharing the vision and motivating teachers, (2) distributed leadership, (3) instructional leadership, and (4) responding appropriately to a pandemic. At the national levels, the main focus was on responding to the pandemic and implementing the GIGA School Initiative policy, while the schools were following more multifaceted leadership for improvement.
Developing Creativity as a Skill and Disposition in Learners
Authors: Payne Ryan , Grant-Smith Deanna
Published: August 2023

The development of creative skills by business students has become an increasingly important graduate competency to address contemporary social, environmental, and business challenges. This chapter defines creativity and explores creativity in higher education via its two distinct yet related guises—creativity as a learning outcome (skill) and creativity as a learning process employed by educators to achieve this learning outcome. Grounded in our experiences of the delivery of responsible management education and entrepreneurship education in blended learning environments, this chapter advances creative pedagogy, or creagogy, as an approach to developing and delivering effective, engaging, and enjoyable business education which fosters creativity as a skill and disposition in learners.
Modelling of Engineering Systems With Small Data
Authors: Mohammadzaheri Morteza , Ghodsi Mojtaba , Ziaiefar Hamidreza , Bahadur Issam , Zarog Musaab , Emadi Mohammadreza , Soltani Payam , Amouzadeh Amirhosein
Published: August 2023

This chapter equitably compares five different artificial intelligence (AI) models and a linear model to tackle two real-world engineering data-driven modelling problems with small number of experimental data samples, one with sparse and one with dense data. The models of both cases are shown to be highly nonlinear. In the case with available dense data, multi-layer perceptron (MLP) evidently outperforms other AI models and challenges the claims in the literature about superiority of fully connected cascade (FCC). However, the results of the problem with sparse data shows superiority of FCC, closely followed by MLP and neuro-fuzzy network.
The Youth's Way of Personal Branding as Bookstagrammers
Authors: Singh Harshita , George Ginu
Published: August 2023

The Bookstagrammers use Instagram to post about their life as avid readers and regard themselves as social media influencers (SMIs) for books. Creating a personal brand helps influencers differentiate themselves from other users. Similarly, Bookstagrammers have made a place for themselves as book influencers in this growing SMI market. Since Bookstagrammers have the potential to influence the publishing industry's sales, creating a personal brand plays a significant role in their career as an influencer. Some Bookstagrammers have successfully created their personal brand by posting book-related and reader-centric content on Instagram and are followed by a niche audience of readers. This study conducted content analysis on India's two most popular Bookstagrammers, and discusses their personal branding strategies. The results showcase 8 broad categories of content shared by the Bookstagrammer that are mapped to three elements of personal branding: brand identity, brand positioning, and brand image, showing how social media fuels the youth's creativity to as SMIs.
Smart Manufacturing Using Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence, and Digital Twin Technology
Authors: Tyagi Amit Kumar , Richa Richa
Published: August 2023

Smart manufacturing is an innovative approach to manufacturing that uses cutting-edge technologies to optimize production processes and improve overall efficiency. This chapter explores the concept of smart manufacturing and its key components, namely the internet of things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and digital twin technology. The IoT provides connectivity between devices and enables the collection of real-time data, which can be analyzed using AI to identify patterns and optimize manufacturing processes. Digital twin technology allows for the creation of virtual replicas of physical assets, enabling simulations to be conducted to identify potential issues and optimize performance. The combination of these technologies provides a comprehensive approach to smart manufacturing, enabling manufacturers to increase efficiency, reduce costs, and improve overall product quality.
Organizational and Digital Transformation Projects
Authors: Trad Antoine Toni
Published: August 2023

The organizational and digital transformation projects are very complex because of many reasons, and they depend on the initial project's phase, which depends on the critical building blocks (BB)-based unbundling process (UP). The organizational UP (OUP), which is a set of UPs whose primary goal is to disassemble the organization's legacy structure, system administration, resources, applications, working models, and components into dynamic reusable BBs which can be (re)used in standardized architectural BBs. The UP faces major difficulties because of the organization's heterogenous human profiles/cultures, system parts, managers' financial ambitions, and the project's limited time/budgets. Another major problem is that transformation and innovation techniques have been monopolized for achieving only immediate tangible goals like business and financial aspects/profits and where the intangible complex technical aspects are simply ignored.
Emerging Surgical Robotic Applications for Modern Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS)
Authors: Barua Ranjit , Datta Sudipto
Published: August 2023

Modern medical technological signs of progress in surgical procedures have resulted in the improvement of a variety of innovative performances that have concentrated patient trauma, reduced hospitalization, and better diagnostic correctness and remedial result. In spite of the numerous esteemed reimbursement of MIS (minimally invasive surgery) evaluated to established procedures, there are still important disadvantages connected with usual MIS including poor instrument control and ergonomics caused by rigid instrumentation and its associated fulcrum effect. The use of robot assistance has helped to realize the full potential of invasive surgery with enhanced reliability, security, and precision. The increase of expressed accuracy tools to improve the surgeon's agility has developed similarly to progress in imaging and human-robot communication. In this chapter, medical requirements and technological disputes related to the surgical robot and connected technological advances and challenges associated with apparatus design are discussed.
Cyber-Physical Systems
Authors: Karthick G. S. , Sumathi V.
Published: August 2023

Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are the combination of physical, networking, and computational processes. With feedback loops where physical processes influence calculations and vice versa, embedded systems and networks monitor and manage the physical processes. With the use of abstractions and modelling, design, and analytic approaches, CPS blends the dynamics of physical processes with those of software and networking. Standards, protocols, and test techniques that facilitate the discovery, interoperability, and composition of components required to create these CPS will foster innovation while also improving economic viability and enable systems to become more efficient and resource efficient. This chapter presents the basic mechanisms of the CPS such as workflow, characteristics, simple structure, and major applications of CPS. Also, the chapter analyzes the design considerations of CPS based on the security, trust management, energy-efficiency, reliability, service composition, and resource provisioning aspects.
Cyber-Physical System Framework for Efficient Management of Indoor Farming Production
Authors: Awouda Ahmed Mubarak Mekki , Fasciolo Benedetta , Bruno Giulia , Razza Valentino
Published: August 2023

World population is expected to reach 9.7 billion by 2050. Thus, a significant increase in agricultural production is required to accommodate population growth. However, environmental crises and urbanization pose a threat to agriculture. Vertical farming can partially mitigate these effects by growing plants while optimizing space and maximizing several outdoor resources. However, this approach necessitates thoroughly re-evaluating cultivation techniques and environmental factors. This chapter proposes a holistic, sustainable agricultural framework for developing indoor farming systems, which consists of a methodology for creating crop growth procedures from experimental data using statistical analysis and artificial intelligence algorithms. The proposed method aims to balance resource utilization and productivity in vertical farming. Furthermore, the authors propose a design framework to create a sustainable aeroponic system structure. This structure aims to provide a test bench to prove the effectiveness of the said methodology.
Framework for Evaluating Written Explanations of Numerical Reasoning
Authors: Crawford Lindy , Fuentes Sarah Quebec , Huscroft-D'Angelo Jacqueline , Rowe Ashley
Published: August 2023

Reasoning in mathematics requires communication as often measured through 1:1 think-alouds. Reasoning can also be measured via disciplinary writing in mathematics, which uses a variety of representations to convey meaning, including mathematical words, abstract symbols, and visuals. This study measured numerical reasoning as conveyed via the written explanations of 417 fourth-grade students. Whole group administration procedures were followed to collect data on reasoning about fraction magnitude. Explanations were scored using a validated framework for evaluating numerical reasoning. Results include descriptive statistics and qualitative analyses of examples across the framework's five categories. Written explanations coded as “conceptual” reflected the richest examples of disciplinary writing in mathematics. Conclusions include the usability of this framework to adequately measure numerical reasoning at the elementary level. Implications include the importance of using formative assessment tools in the classroom.
Women in Tourism
Authors: Joy Donsy , Johnson Havilah Prarthana , Kavitha R.
Published: August 2023

Tourism could be spending time away from home in search of leisure, relaxation, and pleasure while utilizing the commercial provision of services. The capacity of tourism to improve livelihoods by reducing poverty, guarantee or enhance environmental sustainability, and promote gender equality and women's empowerment are some of its strongest points. “Women's empowerment” can mean a variety of things, such as respecting women's opinion, making an effort to find them, and improving women's status through training, awareness, and education. They may have the chance to redefine gender norms and other similar roles, giving them more flexibility to pursue their objectives. The main aim of the chapter is to identify the major challenges faced by women in the tourism sector, the ways to overcome constraints, gender stereotypes, and the social stigmas while they juggle between multiple responsibilities. With this chapter, the authors aim to gain more knowledge more specifically on how women can be empowered in the tourism and hospitality sector.
The Contribution of Women in Latin American Tourism Research
Authors: Korstanje Maximiliano Emanuel
Published: August 2023

In recent years, some voices have alerted on the gender inequalities not only in the tourism industry, a private sphere where the authority seems to be monopolized by men, but also in academic research. These emerging studies have emphasized the role of women in scientific knowledge production and distribution. This chapter goes in that direction, interrogating the first Latin American center fully specialized in tourism and hospitality research, CIET. Founded by Regina Schluter and her colleagues, this center inspired thousands of professional researchers in the region standing for a leading platform for tourism research in Spanish. CIET has been a source of consult and excellence in research in Argentina and Latin America over more than three decades.
Effects of Instagram Influencers on the Adoption of Secondhand Fashion Consumption
Authors: Page Erin , Hur Eunsuk
Published: August 2023

As the use of online marketplaces for second-hand clothing has increased, the effects of social media influencers have become more prominent. However, limited attention has been paid to various types of influencers and their approaches to interacting with their audiences. This chapter aims to identify best practices that social media influencers on Instagram could use to persuade their followers to shop for secondhand fashion on the Depop platform. To identify best practices, comments associated with Instagram posts that mentioned Depop were analysed to assess attitudes towards second-hand fashion. Ten influencers who promoted Depop in their Instagram content were identified, and their visual and textual content were analysed. This chapter provides several recommendations on how secondhand clothing platforms can best use social media influencers to market to consumers' interests. It can also contribute to research within the wider field of marketing in the circular economy.
Intention to Purchase Sustainable Fashion
Authors: Morais Cláudia Filipa , Pires Paulo Botelho , Delgado Catarina , Santos José Duarte
Published: August 2023

There is a recognized need to study sustainability in fashion. Several studies have documented the determinants that influence fashion purchase intention. However, the determinants that influence the purchase of sustainable fashion still need to be understood, particularly those factors associated with influencers and electronic word-of-mouth. This study aimed to examine the constructs influencer credibility, influencer expertise, influencer similarity, influencer's parasocial relationship, E-WOM homophily, E-WOM expertise, trust in the influencer, trust in social media, performance expectation, consumer knowledge, environmental beliefs, brand awareness and willingness to pay more, and their effect on purchase intention. The research methodology consisted of consumer interviews that were conducted using an online platform, and structural equation modeling was used to test the research hypotheses. The results obtained indicate that consumer knowledge and willingness to pay more are the only constructs that positively affect the purchase intention of sustainable fashion.
Internet of Things for Pervasive and Personalized Healthcare
Authors: Kolli Srinivas , Praveen Krishna A. V.  , Ashok J. , Manikandan A.
Published: August 2023

In recent years, the development of internet of things (IoT)-enabled solutions has made impressive progress, spurring the emergence of new and compelling applications. Among them, NFC (near field communication), WSN (wireless sensor network), image processing, and intelligent mobile technology mainly lead this evolution trend. Ubiquitous healthcare is gaining popularity with the proliferation of the internet of things (IoT), which can help patients stay healthy anytime, anywhere. Send medical assistance quickly in medical emergencies. Although not yet standardized, the healthcare internet of things (H-IoT) is a research direction that has attracted the attention of both academia and industrial research communities. Especially with the rapid adoption of wearable devices and smartphones, IoT-assisted technologies are evolving healthcare from a traditional hub-based system to a more personalized healthcare system (PHS).
Blockchain in Healthcare Systems
Authors: Ranjan Mritunjay Kumar , Sattar Arif Md. , Tiwari Sanjay Kr.
Published: August 2023

This chapter discusses blockchain healthcare applications, difficulties, and potential. It suggests using blockchain, machine learning, artificial intelligence, big data, and the internet of things to improve healthcare by addressing complex intermediary networks and transaction traceability, data fragmentation, inefficient research and services, lack of clinical trial reporting, expensive drug supply chain costs, patient data security, and bogus pharmaceuticals. It also identifies essential success criteria for blockchain implementation in healthcare systems. It prioritizes chronic fatigue syndromes using a fuzzy approach to order preference by similarity to an ideal solution like technique for order of preference by similarity to an ideal solution. Blockchain knowledge offers a decentralized, reformed environment, providing immediate security and reliability.
Integrating Blockchain Technology Into Healthcare Informatics
Authors: Janarthanam S. , Subbulakshmi G.
Published: August 2023

The fields of information systems and healthcare intertwined in healthcare informatics is concerned with the necessary equipment and tools to streamline information gathering, acquisition, and application in healthcare information. Healthcare informatics is concerned with patients, administrators, and healthcare professionals handling use of data. Block chain used to fund global health research, and health care policy activities to increase effectiveness and quality. Delivering patient data to doctors in a secure, and effective manner helps improve patient care. It involves combining the activities of healthcare professionals like doctors, nurses, and administrators with technologies including software, and databases. Healthcare informatics makes it possible to efficiently collect, store, retrieve, and use information to support research by allowing effective, secure transmission of medical data using block chain technology to revolutionize healthcare informatics.
Artificial Intelligence and Robotics-Based Minimally Invasive Surgery
Authors: Barua Ranjit , Datta Sudipto , Sarkar Anwita
Published: August 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI) is altering the healthcare industry. By analyzing and interpreting data from clinical trials and research initiatives, it can improve medical research by spotting small but important trends that go beyond the human eye. By analyzing vast volumes of data to assist in making better-educated decisions regarding treatments, AI can also enhance patient care. Speech recognition, visual perception, pattern identification, decision-making, and language processing are all tasks that need human-like intelligence, and AI is the emulation of human intelligence by computers. The application of artificial intelligence in contemporary surgical learning may transform how surgeons are trained. Surgical training has significantly advanced recently as a result of the addition of simulation and task-based training. This technology provides significant potential for this path. This chapter examines the advancements and difficulties in the use of surgical robots and artificial intelligence in MIS.
Role of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
Authors: Chidambaram S.
Published: August 2023

In our society, Artificial Intelligence technology is providing revolutionary outstanding transformations across the healthcare field. Machines can accomplish cognitive actions such as thinking, recognizing, acquiring, problem-solving, and clinical result formation. It generates a major impact on a generation of electronic health records, diagnosis, patient tracking, patient caring, robotic surgical procedure, forecasting well-being issues, and solving public health problems. The main objective of this is health-related AI applications. It analysis the relationship between treatment procedures and patient outcomes. During the COVID-19 pandemic situation in India, AI has supported for primary selection of cases, coronavirus containment, finding contact persons, implementing isolation and social distancing, tracing of respondents, behavior detection and remote health care tracking of patients, and the invention of new vaccines. With the support of various AI technologies, many challenges related to the healthcare area can be resolved.
Are Employees Disposable?
Authors: Sharma Sheetal , Tiwari Neha , Gupta Vibhuti
Published: August 2023

People being laid off in big numbers by companies has become a trend. The economic slowdown globally and the severe financial impact due to the recent COVID-19 pandemic have compelled organizations to mass layoffs. Analyzing the transient and long-term impact of layoffs on organizations and the affected employees is a matter of utmost concern. This chapter aims to provide insights into data-driven layoff decisions, which must be the best basis for layoffs. This chapter focuses on how random layoffs affect current and laid-off workers' levels of trust. It talks about the financial implications vis-a-vis the cost of recruiting and training new employees. Additionally, it sheds some insight on intangible elements like the loss of knowledge that the laid-off worker accrued over the years as well as the erosion of trust experienced by both current and laid-off workers.
Identifying the Antecedents and Outcomes of Happiness at Work
Authors: Singh Shiwani , Taruna Taruna , Sharma Dinesh K.
Published: August 2023

Happiness or well-being has received lots of popularity due to its significant impact on the long-term profitability and sustainability of organizations. Due to the growing importance of workplace happiness, this study aims to explore the relevant factors that support happiness at work. Based on the extensive literature, it was found that mindfulness, ethical leadership, psychological capital, workplace spirituality, and thriving at work are crucial for increasing happiness at work. Happiness at work fosters job satisfaction, work engagement, and organizational citizenship behavior. It reduces deleterious repercussions like turnover intention, stress, absenteeism, counterproductive work behaviors, etc., which further enhances smooth business processes. Hence, organizations must implement appropriate measurements and practices to ensure workers' well-being and happiness at work for better outcomes and a promising future for organizations.
Employee Attrition and Absenteeism Analysis Using Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Mansurali A. , Rajagopal Manikandan , Subbaiah Rajan
Published: August 2023

HR analytics has been envisaged as recent research trend for providing a comprehensive decision support system to the top level management in terms of employee's performance, recruitment and behaviour analysis. Globally, organizations are using technology to support and ease HR processes. Every organization should give maximum value to every available human resource, and they should minimize the attrition and absenteeism rate and ensure what are the factors that contribute towards employee attrition as well as the causes for workmen absenteeism. The ultimate objective is to correctly identify attrition and absenteeism in order to assist the company to improve retention tactics for key personnel and increase employee satisfaction. Through this chapter, a machine learning-based model is proposed to get quick results for such employee attrition and workmen absenteeism. The model is trained and tested for its accuracy. The result shows that the proposed model has high sensitivity. The managerial implications are also discussed for taking informed decisions.
Talent Retention Practices
Authors: Thomas Princy , Venkatesh Bharathi , George Susan
Published: August 2023

Employee retention is a huge challenge for many companies because of the difficulty of getting the right talent at the right place for the right job with the required potential to cope with the new changing environment. A Gartner survey revealed that 91% of HR leaders expect employee turnover in the immediate future. Even more so if employees have more job offers while joining a company, and if they find discrepancies from their expectations, they are ready to leave the job. In this scenario, it is the need for organizations to identify the best strategies to retain talented employees. This chapter explains the concepts of talent retention, its relevance, practices, factors, and analytics contributing in retaining employees. This chapter will be helpful for organizations to devise new strategies for retaining the employees. This will also be useful for academicians and students to apply analytics in retaining employees.
Turkish Public Diplomacy
Authors: Kavoğlu Samet , Köksoy Ergün
Published: August 2023

This study aims to analyze the current understanding, actors, and applications in Turkish public diplomacy of today. As an essential part of Turkish foreign policy to become both a formidable power in its region and a global actor, Turkish public diplomacy has seen a rapid rise in terms of its development since the early 2000s, becoming more institutionalized while increasing the number of applications. This chapter reviews and evaluates the current features of the afore-mentioned development and its outlook through scientific papers and arguments on Turkish public diplomacy, and the activities of Turkish institutions dealing with the selfsame subject. To this end, it utilizes qualitative research methods of literature review, document and descriptive analysis, with the hopes of contributing to the current international literature on the current outlook of Turkish public diplomacy.
Navigating the Dragon
Authors: Zreik Mohamad
Published: August 2023

China has been increasingly adept at using public diplomacy to influence its image and relationships abroad. This chapter will examine China's use of public diplomacy to further its national objectives and cement its position as a leading global force. China's changing status on the international stage is reflected in its emphasis on moving from a reactive to a proactive approach. Cultural diplomacy, international interactions, and the strategic use of international media and social media platforms are all accounted for in the analysis of public diplomacy. China's distinctive “Great Power” public diplomacy strategy is also under the microscope in this chapter. The chapter also looks at the Confucius Institutes, the Belt and Road Initiative, and the Chinese Dream to show how China is working to improve its international reputation, promote international understanding, and strengthen ties with a wide range of interested parties.
Pandemic Diplomacy
Authors: Lee Seow Ting
Published: August 2023

The aim of this chapter is threefold: addressing a gap in the literature on pandemic diplomacy, providing a theoretical explication of pandemic diplomacy, and relating it to existing public diplomacy constructs of soft power and nation branding to understand how and why states engage in pandemic diplomacy. In its current form, pandemic diplomacy reflects the state of world affairs and geopolitical tensions that existed before COVID-19. Drawing on the COVID-19 context, this chapter examines the conceptual antecedents of pandemic diplomacy and the defining characteristics of pandemic diplomacy and analyzes factors that enabled some states to conduct pandemic diplomacy and the rationale behind this new soft power play.
Cassava stalk detection for a cassava harvesting robot based on YOLO v4 and Mask R-CNN
Authors: Singhpoo Thanaporn , Saengprachatanarug Khwantri , Wongpichet Seree , Posom Jetsada , Runapongsa Saikaew Kanda
Published: August 2023

The quality of fresh cassava roots can be increased through the use of precision equipment. As a first step towards developing an automatic cassava root cutting system, this study demonstrates the use of a computer vision system with deep learning for cassava stalk detection. An RGB image of a cassava tree mounted on a cassava-pulling machine was captured, and the YOLO v4 model and two Mask R-CNN models with ResNet 101 and ResNet 50 base architectures were employed to train the weights to predict the position of the cassava stalk. One hundred test images of stalks of various shapes and sizes were used to determine the grasping point and inclination, and the results from manual annotation were compared with the predicted results. Regarding localisation, Mask R-CNN with ResNet 101 gave a significantly higher performance than the other models, with an F1 score and a mean IoU of 0.81 and 0.70, respectively. YOLO v4 showed the highest correlation for the x- and y-coordinates for the prediction of the grasping point, with values for R2 of 0.89 and 0.53, respectively. For inclination prediction, Mask R-CNN with ResNet 101 and Mask R-CNN with ResNet 50 gave the same level of correlation, with values for R2 of 0.50 and 0.61, respectively. These results were acceptable for use as design criteria for developing a cassava rootcutting robot.
Productivity analysis and costs of wheel cable skidder during salvage logging in European beech stand
Authors: Stoilov Stanimir , Papandrea Salvatore F. , Angelov Georgi , Oslekov Delyan , Zimbalatti Giuseppe , Proto Andrea R.
Published: August 2023

Salvage logging is increasing in Central Europe because of the growth of severe meteorological events, and timber harvesting in these conditions is challenging in terms of both productivity performances and safety of the operations. In recent years, with the increase of natural calamities, several researchers studied machinery productivity performances regarding salvage logging carried out by ground-based systems. In fact, a common post-disturbance management approach is salvage logging which consists of the widespread removal of damaged trees. In this research, system productivity and the cost of salvage logging are analysed in European beech stands affected by wet snow. The accretion of heavy wet snow poses the greatest risk to forests in the Northern Hemisphere. This type of snow attaches more effectively to tree crowns and branches when temperatures are close to freezing at the time of precipitation. As a result, trees may break or bend and may be uprooted when the soil is unfrozen. This study has been implemented to evaluate the productivity and cost-effectiveness of extraction in salvage logging deployed with a skidder in beech stands affected by two different types of wet snow damage. The results show that the productivity of the four-wheel-drive cable skidder, despite operating in salvage cutting with a removal intensity of 10%, is 14.73 m3·SMH–1, similar to skidder performances in ‘ordinary’ cuttings. Skidder’s productive time was 86% of the scheduled time, whereas the delays were due to organisational reasons, mechanical delays, and adverse weather conditions. The mean travel speed of the cable skidder obtained in this study is close to the results obtained from other studies on similar machines. The costs per unit are lower than effective cost consumptions for the other cable skidders and agricultural tractors, adapted for skidding operated in hardwood salvage logging. Therefore, under the given conditions, the operation of the fourwheel-drive cable skidder is viable from a silvicultural, technical, and economic point of view in the salvage operation logging.
Design of a five-bar duckbill-type mechanism for sorghum transplanting
Authors: Timene Aristide , Djalo Haman
Published: August 2023

Sorghum seedling transplanting is an essential agricultural activity in Sub-Saharan Africa. However, conventional manual transplanting of sorghum is a time-consuming, labour-intensive, costly activity with a low transplanting rate, uneven plant distribution, and low degree of accuracy. In order to realize rapid and precise sorghum seedlings transplanting, a duckbill-type mechanism has been designed. This mechanism is a five-bar linkage consisting of two crankshafts, two connecting rods, and a duckbillshaped planter to improve the quality of transplanting operations. The study includes kinematic and synthesis analysis through MATLAB software, parts design, and motion analysis using SolidWorks software. After synthesis analysis using a genetic algorithm, the optimal length between the two cranks is 300 mm, the length of the upper crankshaft is 106 mm, the length of the connecting rod I is 169 mm, the length of the connecting rod II is 222 mm, and the length of the lower crankshaft is 67 mm. Furthermore, the speed and acceleration analysis show that the seedlings are planted with zero-speed operation to obtain a high perpendicularity qualification. The results show that the proposed planting mechanism meets the agronomic requirements of transplanted sorghum with a good transplanting rate.
Permafrost-related landforms and geotechnical data compilation, Yellowknife to Grays Bay corridor region, Slave Geological Province
Authors: Morse P D , Parker R J H , Smith S
L , Sladen W E
Published: August 2023

Permafrost conditions in the Slave Geological province are not well understood. Thaw of permafrost and associated ground ice can reduce ground stability, which modifies terrain and drainage patterns and affects terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. This presents
critical challenges to northern resource development and societies where thaw of ice-rich permafrost negatively affects the integrity of ground-based infrastructure. In an effort to address this knowledge gap, this report presents a digital georeferenced database of landforms identified in
permafrost terrain using high-resolution satellite imagery and provides information on geomorphic indicators of ground ice presence and thaw susceptibility. Digital georeferenced databases compiled from sedimentological and cryostratigraphic records are also provided. The landform database is
focused on mapping within a 10 km-wide swath of land (8576 km2 area of interest) centred on the proposed corridors for the 773 km-long Slave Geological Province Corridor Project, NT, and the Grays Bay Road and Port Project, NU. The geomorphic features were classified and digitized using
high-resolution (0.5 m) satellite imagery following an existing protocol, which was modified by using a very high-resolution (2 m) digital elevation model (DEM), and by including mapping criteria for additional features. A total of 1393 geomorphic features were mapped comprising 10 different types,
which were categorized into 3 classes that include periglacial (1291), hydrological (88), and mass movement (14) features. Data from 254 geotechnical boreholes and 2243 granular deposits were compiled. Information from the compiled databases was analyzed with surficial geology information. Results
indicate that the distributions and densities of mapped landforms varied substantially according to surficial geology. High ground ice contents may be quite common in glaciofluvial deposits where creep of frozen ground affects about 30% of eskers. And ground ice may be more extensive overall
than the available geotechnical data indicate. Borehole and granular deposit data suggest that overburden thickness above bedrock was up to 25.5 m, and visible ground ice contents were generally between 10% and 30%, but were up to 60% in glacial blanket and glaciofluvial
sediments.
Mentoring in the workplace: Exploring the experiences of mentor–mentee relations
Authors: Rubbi Nunan Jennerdene L. , Ebrahim Aysha B. , Stander Marius W.
Published: August 2023

Orientation: The way work is performed changes continuously and mentoring is becoming more prevalent in the workplace and this rapid modification of work profiles mentoring relationships as vital.Research purpose: This study explored the mentor’s and mentee’s experiences in the same relationship at a construction firm offering a formal mentoring programme.Motivation for the study: A more comprehensive understanding of the mentoring relationship was required to aid organisations with agile and robust talent and skills development interventions.Research approach/design and method: A qualitative research design was employed and in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted. Data were analysed in two phases: (1) direct content analysis and (2) thematic analyses. The study’s findings are singularly reported to comprehensively understand the mentoring relationship’s lived experiences.Main findings: The experiences of the mentoring relationship in a workplace context are viewed as informal, mutualistic, and context-bound. Four key themes emerged from the mentoring relational interaction: (1) positive relationship, (2) growth and enablement, (3) psychological safety, and (4) purposeful.Practical/managerial implications: The findings could assist organisations in realising the importance of mentoring relationships in mentoring programmes, as the interaction proves effective in solving pressing challenges, such as attracting and retaining talent and addressing skills gaps.Contribution/value-add: This study conceptualises the mentoring relationship from an organisational context and contributes to the limited available literature on the topic. Possible recommendations are offered to improve workplace mentoring relationships.
Efficacy of deep learning-based artificial intelligence models in screening and referring patients with diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma
Authors: Surya Janani , Garima  , Pandy Neha , Hyungtaek Rim Tyler , Lee Geunyoung , Priya MN Swathi , Subramanian Brughanya , Raman Rajiv
Published: August 2023

Purpose:

To analyze the efficacy of a deep learning (DL)-based artificial intelligence (AI)-based algorithm in detecting the presence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and glaucoma suspect as compared to the diagnosis by specialists secondarily to explore whether the use of this algorithm can reduce the cross-referral in three clinical settings: a diabetologist clinic, retina clinic, and glaucoma clinic.

Methods:

This is a prospective observational study. Patients between 35 and 65 years of age were recruited from glaucoma and retina clinics at a tertiary eye care hospital and a physician’s clinic. Non-mydriatic fundus photography was performed according to the disease-specific protocols. These images were graded by the AI system and specialist graders and comparatively analyzed.

Results:

Out of 1085 patients, 362 were seen at glaucoma clinics, 341 were seen at retina clinics, and 382 were seen at physician clinics. The kappa agreement between AI and the glaucoma grader was 85% [95% confidence interval (CI): 77.55–92.45%], and retina grading had 91.90% (95% CI: 87.78–96.02%). The retina grader from the glaucoma clinic had 85% agreement, and the glaucoma grader from the retina clinic had 73% agreement. The sensitivity and specificity of AI glaucoma grading were 79.37% (95% CI: 67.30–88.53%) and 99.45 (95% CI: 98.03–99.93), respectively; DR grading had 83.33% (95 CI: 51.59–97.91) and 98.86 (95% CI: 97.35–99.63). The cross-referral accuracy of DR and glaucoma was 89.57% and 95.43%, respectively.

Conclusion:

DL-based AI systems showed high sensitivity and specificity in both patients with DR and glaucoma; also, there was a good agreement between the specialist graders and the AI system.