Factors of institutional development of innovative entrepreneurship in the Russian Federation in modern conditions
Authors: Podbornova Ekaterina S. 
Published: July 2024

Innovative development of the economy is one of the main and priority ways to ensure its security and stability. Events taking place in the world, such as sanctions restrictions, geopolitical instability, the destruction of long-standing external economic relations, significantly affect most areas of the economic system. Based on the prevailing conditions, the solution of the issue of further ensuring stability and growth, smoothing out negative phenomena and consequences in the national economy should and is provided by the processes of development, creation and implementation of domestic innovative enterprises. Initiatives related to the modernization of production facilities operating under import substitution programs are actively lobbied and promoted as the main point of economic growth, with an emphasis not only on large private-state enterprises, but also medium and small businesses as an important source of startup projects. Not so long ago, there were many failures and imperfections of the system in the field of innovative technologies and developments, which contributed to a decrease in the contribution of innovative entrepreneurship to the country's economy. The trends of the modern Russian economy show a significant increase in the relevance of domestic technologies and developments in all spheres of management, from household goods to the high-tech industry, which is primarily due to sanctioned import substitution and nationalization, and the development of foreign industries. According to the Ministry of Finance, the share of domestic manufacturers in the Russian IT market doubled in 2023, showing a mark close to 50%. Patent activity of Russian companies increased by 7 % in 2023 compared to the past. This indicates that Russian enterprises are actively mobilizing resources, starting to explore the niches left after the departure of Western enterprises, and connecting to modern state programs to support entrepreneurship. Despite the positive dynamics, in some areas of business there are still significant problems associated with the transition of production to domestic technological analogues. The situation is associated with a low level of preparedness of enterprises for abrupt changes and the unwillingness of the market to completely abandon imported components and technologies. This is also due to the fact that the Russian industry has recently begun to move away from the sanctions crisis shock and has not fully debugged production, technological, raw materials and other critically important chains. It is important to note that the departure of foreign companies most significantly affected the software sector, the search for analogues of which will take some more time. As mentioned earlier, it is also necessary to develop small business entities today, special attention should be paid to the field of MIP (small innovative entrepreneurship), since now enterprises related to it show high results in the field of innovation based on technological support projects for such forms of management. Knowledge-based social relations and the promotion of science as a new basis for doing business set new trends in entrepreneurship and the economy in general. Based on this, small business becomes an effective tool for mastering competitive advantages and becoming on the path of innovative development, provided that existing problems are overcome and active state participation in the innovative development of entrepreneurship.