bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of normalizing post carburizing treatment on microstructure, mechanical properties and fracture behavior of low alloy gear steels
Authors: Pavan Hiremath ,   Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India, Gowrishankar M. C. , Manjunath Shettar , Sathyashankara Sharma , Jayashree P. K. , Suhas Kowshik
Published: November 2021

Steel is a versatile metal, got a wide range of applications in all the fields of engineering and technology. Generally, low carbon steels are tough and high alloy carbon steels are hard in nature. Certain applications demand both properties in the same steel. Carburization is one such technique that develops hard and wear resistant surfaces with a soft core. The objective of this work is to study the influence of post carburizing treatment (normalizing) on three grades of steels (EN 3, 20MnCr5, and EN 353). Post carburizing treatments are necessary to overcome the adverse effects of carburization alone. Here carburization was carried out in the propane atmosphere by heating the gas carburizing furnace to 930 ℃ for more than a day. Normalizing was carried out at 870 ℃ for 1 h and cooled in air. Tensile, hardness, Charpy impact tests along with SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and EDAX (energy dispersive X-ray analysis) were conducted to analyze the phase transformation, failure mode analysis in all the samples. Carburized steels displayed the formation of ferrite, pearlite, and sometimes bainite phases in the core and complete coarse pearlite in the case regions, whereas in the post carburized steels, increased amount of ferrite, fine pearlite, and bainite in the core and fine pearlite with traces of bainite in the case region was observed. Normalizing also refines the grain with increased UTS (ultimate tensile strength), hardness, and impact resistance. EN 353 showed higher UTS among the steels with 898 MPa after carburization and 1370 MPa after normalizing treatment. Maximum hardness of 48 HRC was observed in 20MnCr5 and toughness was superior in EN 3 with energy absorbed during test i.e., 8 and 12 J before and after normalizing treatment. Based on the fracture surface analysis, in EN 353 steel, a finer array of dimples with voids and elongated bigger clustered dimples containing ultrafine dimples array are observed in the core and case respectively during carburizing whereas, more density of river pattern and cleavage failure (brittle) are observed in the core and case respectively after post carburizing (normalizing) treatment. There is a reduction in the ductility of the steels after post carburizing treatment. It was observed that normalizing treatment produces superior mechanical properties in the carburized steels by grain refinement and strong microstructures like bainite. Normalizing as post carburizing treatment can be recommended for engineering applications where ductile core and hard surface are of great importance.
The existence of codimension-two bifurcations in a discrete-time SIR epidemic model
Authors: Liu Xijuan ,   College of Information Engineering, Tarim University, Alar, China, Liu Peng , Liu Yun ,   College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Jilin, China
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we consider a discrete-time SIR epidemic model. Codimension-two bifurcations associated with 1:2, 1:3 and 1:4 strong resonances are analyzed by using a series of affine transformations and bifurcation theory. Numerical simulations are carried out to verify and illustrate these theoretical results. More precisely, two kinds of high-resolution stability phase diagrams are exhibited to describe how the system's complexity unfolds with control parameters varying.
Large-capacity reversible image watermarking based on improved DE
Authors: Xiao Shaozhang ,   Faculty of Computer and Software Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an, Jiangsu 223003, China, Zuo Xingyuan , Zhang Zhengwei , Li Fenfen
Published: November 2021

Aiming at solving the problems of bad imperceptibility and low embedding rate of existing algorithms, a novel large-capacity reversible image watermarking based on improved difference expansion (DE) is proposed. Firstly, the smoothness calculation algorithm is used to calculate and sort the smoothness values of the divided image sub-blocks; then, the scrambled watermark is embedded into the sub-blocks with less smoothness after removing the abrupt point by using the generalized difference expansion (GDE); finally, the absolute difference operation is applied to the generated overflow pixels to make their pixel values within a reasonable range for embedding watermark information. Under the premise of ensuring a certain visual quality, multiple watermark embedding can effectively improve the embedding rate. The simulation results show that this algorithm not only realizes blind extraction, but also recovers the original images without loss. At the same time, this algorithm achieves a high embedding rate (the average embedding rate is as high as 77.91 dB) without decreasing the visual quality.
Venture capital backing: financial policies and persistence over time
Authors: de Carvalho Antonio Gledson ,   Fundacao Getulio Vargas, School of Business at Sao Paulo, FGV-EAESP, Av. Nove de Julho, 2029–Sala 912, São Paulo, SP, 01313-902, Brazil, Roberto Pinheiro , Joelson Sampaio ,   Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, Research Department, P.O. Box 6387, Cleveland, OH, 44101-1387, United States,   Fundacao Getulio Vargas, School of Economics at Sao Paulo, FGV EESP, Rua Itapeva, 474–Sala 1002, São Paulo, SP, 01313-902, Brazil
Published: November 2021

The present article seeks to analyze the financial policies of companies backed by Private Equity and Venture Capital funds (PE/VC). Our sample consists of firms completing an initial public offering between January 1991 and December 2000. Our hypotheses relate to the difference between VC and non-VC-backed firms in terms of financial policies and their persistence. We use four measures to evaluate the firms' financial policies: i) Cash holdings; ii) Leverage; iii) dividends out of their earnings; and iv) interest coverage. To test the four hypotheses, we run Pooled OLS regressions. The results suggest that VC-backing firms keep a higher level of cash holdings than non-VC-backed firms. This effect lasts for at least 8 years after the IPO. We show that VC-backed firms are associated with a lower level of leverage over the first 8 years after the IPO. Differently, while interest coverage is lower in the first years after the IPO, results are not persistent, even reverting in later years. Finally, we do not find statistically significant evidence of a difference between VC- and non-VC-backed firms on dividend to earnings ratio. Our results are robust across statistical methods and different methodologies.
Implementation of 3D Printing in Medical Care for Preoperative Planning of Complex Ventricular Septal Defect
Authors: Mousa Mina , Ford Jonathan , Matar Fadi , Hazelton Todd , Decker Summer
Published: November 2021

Three-dimensional (3D) modeling and printing in medicine have emerged to encompass every aspect of medical applications. This ranges from education, illustration, and treatment, as well as patient care whether for purposes of diagnosis or treatment and surgical planning. In the past few decades, these novel tools have shown promising utility to help radiologists and the medical team to improve quality of patient care and outcomes via 3D printing application and utilization. This workflow will be illustrated through a ventricular septal defect (VSD) case at which 3D analysis was critical in the assessment and treatment planning of the patient's underlying medical condition.
Digital Solutions to the Problems of Chinese Students in St. Petersburg Multilingual Space
Authors: Bylieva Daria , Krasnoshchekov Victor , Lobatyuk Victoria , Rubtsova Anna , Wang Li
Published: November 2021

Multilingual space is considered as one of the most important parts of the cultural environment that becomes a challenge for international students. The research ex-amined the multilingual space of St. Petersburg from the perspective of young people from China. Included observation, short interviews and analysis of Chi-nese freshmen essays serve as a source for the formation of a database of multi-lingual objects of everyday life of Chinese students and reveal language problems as the main challenges in the city multilingual space for a foreigner. The authors proposed an approach dividing the multilingual space of the city into space of communication and the "physical space of the language", existing vertically in three levels (city, university and personal areas). Expansion of the multilingual space at all levels due to the digital environment can significantly improve the language adaptation of students Although a coherent digital environment that provides the Chinese dimension to a multilingual environment does not yet exist. However, such elements as specially developed electronic guides and dictionaries, maps, augmented reality applications, communication platforms in social networks, etc. contribute to its future creation
The Qualifications and Views of Instructors in the Distance Education System
Authors: Prevalla Etemi Blerta , Zulfugarzade Teymur E. , Sokolova Natalia L. , Batkolina Viktoriia V. , Besedkina Natalya I. , Sakhieva Regina G.
Published: November 2021

A new process has been brought about due to the COVID-19 pandemic that has affected the world. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, since the spring semester of the 2019–2020 academic year, all education and courses are provided through distance education. Therefore, since distance education is a new process for many, faculty members may encounter various problems. For this reason, deter-mining the views of lecturers about the distance education process is important for the improvement and development of the distance education system. The aim of this study is to examine the views of the lecturers who teach through the dis-tance education system and to make suggestions for the improvement of the sys-tem. The situation was determined using the qualitative research method. The re-search questions were prepared by the researchers. Their validity was ensured by taking experts’ opinions. For this purpose, interviews with semi-structured ques-tions were conducted with 28 instructors at Cyprus and Russian universities and the data obtained were evaluated by content analysis. The findings obtained as a result of the research are given in detail in the findings and results section.
Relationship Between the Cultivation and Incentive Mechanism of Senior Educational Talents
Authors: Zuo Jialin , Lu Wei , Jia Chunxu
Published: November 2021

The attraction and mobility of senior educational talents hinge on the talent cultivation and incentive mechanism of various enterprises. If the mechanism is imperfect, the talents will be less active and creative in work, and the enterprises will underperform in the long term. This paper combines literature review, questionnaire survey, and mathematical analysis to summarize the current situation of the cultivation and incentive mechanism of senior educational talents in an enterprise in a region, and analyze the defects of the existing mechanism. The results show that: the senior educational talents have not received sufficient compensations or incentive measures; the employees do not have a smooth promotion channel; the enterprise fails to issue clear and innovative reward policies. To address these defects, this paper proposes improvement measures and optimization schemes: To boost the enthusiasm and creativity of employees in work, the enterprises should give full play to the personal values of senior educational talents, strive to introduce more excellent talents, and establish a sound salary distribution system and reasonable promotion polices. The research results lay a theoretical basis for enterprises to cultivate and absorb the necessary senior educational talents.
Effects of The Long-Time Wearing of Gloves by Health Care Workers Managing Covid-19 Assessed by Electrodermal Activity: A Pilot Study
Authors: Aldosky Haval Y. Yacoob , Bari Dindar S. , Martinsen Ørjan Grøttem
Published: November 2021

Continues wearing gloves is a crucial problem among health care workers treating patients with coronavirus (COVID-19) infection that may cause skin complications. In the present study, the skin conductance (SC), skin potential (SP) and skin susceptance (SS) were used to identify the effects of long-term wearing gloves among health care workers managing COVID-19. The experimental procedure was repeated 30 times on three subjects recruited as volunteers to wear gloves for 4 hours. The baseline of parameters SC, SP, and SS were recorded at normal conditions without wearing the glove at zero time (To). The parameters were again recorded in the cases of glove-wearing with and without zinc oxide ointment (ZnO) for the same period. Noticeable differences were found in each of SC, SP and SS for subjects who wore gloves when compared to the baseline for 4 h. Results also showed significant differences in each of SP and SS during the same period with applying ZnO comparing to wearing gloves without applying ZnO. The results show that skin hydration is significantly improved by using ZnO. However, changing gloves at least every four hours of continuous wearing is recommended.
Simulation Study of Coaxial Treatment Chambers for PEF Pasteurization: A Critical Review
Authors: Arshad Rai Naveed , Abdul-Malek Zulkurnain , Dastgheib Ali M.
Published: November 2021

A pulsed electric field (PEF) produces pasteurized liquid foods with fresh and nutritional properties. The treatment chamber is a crucial part of the PEF processing system where a high voltage is applied, producing an electric field to treat the liquid foods. The proper construction of the treatment chamber regulates the distribution of the electrical field inside the treatment zone. Mixing of liquid inside the treatment zone is an effective tool to overcome this heterogeneous effect. The coaxial treatment chamber offers a heterogeneous electric field and temperature distribution inside the treatment zone. A helical insulator inside the coaxial treatment chamber provides a mixing effect. In this research, a numerical simulation was done to measure the electric field in different geometries of treatment chambers at different flow rates. The simulation aimed to optimize the new coaxial treatment chamber design. The modelling findings showed homogeneous electrical field strength in the helical treatment chamber. This study provides new insights for industrial-scale setup using multiple helical chambers in a continuous flow PEF treatment.
A Knowledge Based Analysis on Big Data Analytics in Optimizing Electronic Medical Records in Private Hospitals
Authors: Gattan Atif  M.
Published: November 2021

The current examination is to break down the information dependent on the Big Data Analytics in enhancing electronic medical records in clinics and wellbeing focuses. Numerous emergency clinics and medical services habitats are experiencing incapable utilization of enormous information investigation in streamlining electronic medical records (EMRs) to create great bits of knowledge for their clinical practices. Hierarchical conduct and the exercises associated with the medical field are the principal factors in improving the utilization of Big Data Analytics in EMRs. The examination centres around exploring the how the models and methods of information can accomplish enormous information life cycle in EMRs. The examination likewise uncovers the information put together investigation with respect to EMRs use and capacity that assists with improving the significant usage of huge information rehearses. The investigation contributes on advanced wellbeing rehearses by investigating the appropriate adaption of scientific instruments to EMRs to shape the significant utilization of large information examination with EMRs.
COVID-19–induced acute kidney injury in critically ill patients: epidemiology, risk factors, and outcome
Authors: Trifi Ahlem , Abdellatif Sami , Masseoudi Yosri , Mehdi Asma , Benjima Oussama , Seghir Eya , Cherif Fatma , Touil Yosr , Jeribi Bedis , Daly Foued , Abdennebi Cyrine , Ammous Adel , Lakhal Salah Ben
Published: November 2021

Background: The kidney represents a potential target for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Acute kidney injury (AKI) can occur through several mechanisms and includes intrinsic tissue injury by direct viral invasion. Clinical data about the clinical course of AKI are lacking. We aimed to investigate the proportion, risk factors, and prognosis of AKI in critical patients affected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Methods: A case/control study conducted in two intensive care units of a tertiary teaching hospital from September to December 2020.Results: Among 109 patients, 75 were male (69%), and the median age was 64 years (interquartile range [IQR], 57–71 years); 48 (44%) developed AKI within 4 days (IQR, 1–9). Of these 48 patients, 11 (23%), 9 (19%), and 28 (58%) were classified as stage 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Eight patients received renal replacement therapy. AKI patients were older and had more frequent sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and rhabdomyolysis; higher initial urea and creatinine; more marked inflammatory syndrome and hematological disorders; and required more frequent mechanical ventilation and vasopressors. An elevated level of D-dimers (odds ratio [OR], 12.83; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.9–85) was an independent factor of AKI. Sepsis was near to significance (OR, 5.22; 95% CI, 0.94–28; P=0.058). Renal recovery was identified in three patients. AKI, hypoxemia with the ratio of the arterial partial pressure of oxygen and the inspiratory concentration of oxygen <70, and vasopressors were identified as mortality factors.Conclusions: AKI occurred in almost half the patients with critical COVID-19. A high level of D-dimers and sepsis contributed significantly to its development. AKI significantly worsened the prognosis in these patients.
Registered Community designs in the video game industry: a neglected yet potent tool
Authors: Sarlangue Emmanuelle
Published: November 2021

This article aims at demonstrating how and why registered Community designs should be integrated into the video game industry's intellectual property strategy. Although the validity of virtual designs has not yet been tested before courts, registered designs adequately address the issue of clone gaming faced by the industry. Some minor changes to the EU legal framework could contribute to balancing out the perceived legal uncertainty surrounding this intellectual property right.
TASARIM EĞİTİMİNDE PROJE/STÜDYO DERSLERİNİ ALAN FARKLI ZEKA TİPLERİNE SAHİP ÖĞRENCİLERE YÖNELİK MÜDAHALE STRATEJİLERİ
Authors: KALELİ Mahmut Celaleddin , TURAN Ahmet Zeki
Published: November 2021

Bu çalışma tezde sosyal ağ örgütlenmesi olarak ele alınan, "Aktör Network Teorisi" ve "Kara Kutu" teorileri aracılığı ile çözümlenmeye çalışılan proje/stüdyo dersinin aktörlerinden birisi olan tasarım öğrencilerine yönelik eğitim bilimlerindeki karşılığına benzer biçimde farklı zeka türlerine bakan tarafı ile bir sınıflandırma yapmayı ve proje/stüdyo derslerinde farklı zeka türlerine sahip tasarım öğrencilerinin genel bir resmini sunabilmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu nedenle ilk olarak eğitim bilimleri literatüründeki konu ile ilgili çalışmalar incelendi, ardından da nitel araştırma metodu ile 30 mezun endüstri tasarımcısı ile görüşüldü. Görüşmelerde katılımcılara proje/stüdyo derslerinde en çok tıkanıklık yaşadıkları proje süreçlerinin hangileri olduğuna ve bunun olası nedenlerine yönelik sorular soruldu. Literatürden derlenen bilgiler, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden yüz yüze yapılan görüşmelerden elde edilen veriler ve araştırmacının deneyimleri bir arada çapraz bir şekilde okunarak bir takım değerlendirmelere ulaşıldı. Bu makale tasarım öğrencilerinin farklı zeka tipleri üzerinden sınıflandırılmasına ve her bir zeka tipindeki tasarım öğrencilerine farklı müdahale stratejileri geliştirilmesine yönelik bir çalışmayı içermektedir.
utilização do cordel como recurso nos trabalhos em ensino de ciências
Authors: Morais Rutiléa Mendes de , Eugênio Benedito Gonçalves
Published: November 2021

A literatura de cordel vem sendo utilizada como recurso no processo de ensino aprendizagem de conteúdos de diferentes disciplinas curriculares. Diante disso, apontamos a necessidade de conhecer os desdobramentos deste recurso no ensino de ciências. Neste artigo apresentamos os resultados de uma revisão sistemática realizada nas atas de 10 edições do Encontro Nacional de Ensino de Ciência e 07 edições do Encontro Nacional de Ensino de Biologia. Localizamos 12 trabalhos. Após leitura, os textos foram organizados em duas categorias. Embora a quantidade tenha sido incipiente, um aspecto observado nas produções foi a notoriedade que os autores deram ao evidenciarem as potencialidades do cordel no ensino de ciência, tais como, interdisciplinaridade, motivação discente, valorização do contexto social e cultural, dentre outros.
Borboleteando
Authors: Martins Isabely Maria , Guimarães Suellen de Oliveira , Cutrim Caio Henrique Gonçalves , Miranda Amanda Soares , Araújo Vinícius Albano
Published: November 2021

O processo de ensino-aprendizagem se torna mais dinâmico e integrativo com o emprego de atividades lúdicas e práticas inovadoras que possam despertar o interesse, a memória e a criatividade durante a construção do conhecimento. Neste estudo, foi construído um jogo didático “Jogo Borboleteando” como uma proposta de ferramenta didática alternativa para o ensino de Ciências/Zoologia. O jogo envolve aspectos da biologia, ciclo de vida e ecologia das borboletas, considerado animal-bandeira capaz de sensibilizar os alunos para questões ambientais e funções ecológicas dos insetos. O jogo foi avaliado de forma remota por 54 licenciandos em Ciências Biológicas e professores recém egressos de oito Universidades Públicas. Os entrevistados consideraram o jogo viável e com potencial de interface entre aspectos teóricos e práticos.
curta – metragem de animação como recurso pedagógico para parasitologia na educação básica
Authors: Class Camila Souza Carvalho , Barbosa Alynne da Silva
Published: November 2021

Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar um levantamento de curtas-metragens de animação que abordaram conteúdo de parasitologia, analisando formato e conteúdo. O mesmo foi realizado em três etapas: a primeira consistiu no levantamento dos vídeos online, e na segunda e terceira foram recuperadas informações de formato e conteúdo. Foram recuperados 21 curtas-metragens brasileiros. Destes, mais de 45% foram produzidos por Instituições públicas e tinham a duração entre 4 a 6 minutos. Cerca de 52,4% utilizou o diálogo entre personagens e narração para mediar informação, retratando o médico como principal profissional. As parasitoses mais abordadas foram malária e esquistossomose. Pode-se concluir que o curta-metragem tem elevado potencial para ser aplicado nas escolas com ferramenta midiática por ser um vídeo objetivo.
Early complications in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Gomes Alessandra Araujo , Nolasco Monteiro Breviglieri Carla , Tavares Ferreira Borges Natalia Maria , Zamperlini Netto Gabriele
Published: November 2021

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has the potential to cure a significant proportion of patients with malignant and nonmalignant diseases, but the high doses of chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy included in conditioning regimens affect all organs and tissues.

In this article, Brazilian Group for Pediatric Bone Marrow Transplantation of the Brazilian Society of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy (SBTMO) provides a review of early complications in children undergoing HSCT.
Antineoplastic agents used in pediatric hematopoietic bone marrow transplantation: a review about pharmacology and pharmaceutical issues.
Authors: Barreto Larissa Maria Hilsdorf Bernardi , Rodrigo Spineli Macedo  , Ana Carolina Sayuri Nagai  , Ananda Vial Cobello  , Haíssa Pereira Ramos Rodrigues
Published: November 2021

This article proposes the characterization of the main chemotherapeutic agents used in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in pediatric patients, carrying out a review of the main pharmacological and pharmacokinetic characteristics that are peculiar to children, as well as technical aspects for the handling, prescription, and administration of each one of these.

         It is extremely important that all professionals know how to recognize the characteristics of each drug and how its peculiarities impact the quality of patient's treatment, being able to predict and propose necessary interventions for potential problems of therapy, which can be identified and measured.
Consensus on Indications for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Pediatrics. Update 2020: Germ Cell Tumors and Wilms tumors
Authors: Galvao de Castro Junior Claudio
Published: November 2021

The indications for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in solid tumors in children do not change a lot since our first Brazilian consensus publication in 2009.  In this article, we are going to review indications to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in pediatric germ cell tumors and wilms tumor.

For the consensus, a review was made using the most relevant articles, and a series of meetings was done to discuss the recommendations.
Consensus on Indications for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Pediatrics. Update 2020: Central Nervous System Tumors and Retinoblastoma
Authors: Galvao de Castro Junior Claudio
Published: November 2021

The indications for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in solid tumors in children do not change a lot since our first Brazilian consensus publication in 2009.  In this article, we are going to review indications to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in solid tumors.

For the consensus, a review was made using the most relevant articles, and a series of meetings was done to discuss the recommendations.

In some indications, autologous transplantation is no longer used as a treatment option, however we chose to review these diseases and keep them as a non-recommendation.

In this article we are going to review CNS tumors and retinoblastoma
Confocal laser scanning reflection microscopy applied to the remineralization studies in incipient caries lesions
Authors: Tolcachir Betina R. , Mas Carlos , Caselles Juan , Mangeaud Arnaldo , Gallará Raquel V.
Published: November 2021

To evaluate through roughness parameters measurement the penetration of calcium phosphate stabilized by casein phosphopeptides (CPP-ACP) in the subsurface zone of the incipient caries lesions known in dentistry as white spot lesion (WSL). To our knowledge, there is no data about roughness parameters to evaluate the demineralization-remineralization process in the body of the lesion. WSL was generated in vitro in 10 dental samples and sectioned in half of them (longitudinal section). CPP-ACP was applied on the WSL (3 minutes daily for 60 days). Roughness parameters (Rp and Ra) were measured on the longitudinal section with a laser scanning confocal microscope in the reflection acquisition mode (CLSRM), either in the WSL or sound enamel, before and after applying CPP-ACP. CLSRM is a non-contact method able to detect small irregularities more precisely due to the small spot of laser illumination (0.5 μm).  Mixed linear models were carried out, using the treatment as a fixed factor and the tooth as a random factor (significance level 5%). Rp and Ra values in WSL area before applying the remineralization protocol (WSL pre) were significantly higher than in the sound enamel of the same samples. After applying CPP-ACP, Rp and Ra values decreased significantly with respect to the WSL pre and were similar to the values of these parameters in sound enamel. roughness parameters were used as an indirect way to measure the porosity of WSL at subsurface level. The decrease of these parameters could be interpreted as the remineralization of WSL by the ability of CPP-ACP to penetrate the body of the lesion. Clinical significance: WSL is characterized by the loss of minerals from the enamel and an increase in porosity at the subsurface level. The effectiveness of remineralizing substances would be determined by their ability to penetrate the body of the lesion and reduce porosity.
Perception of University Teachers Regarding the Effects of Discussion Method on Students’ Achievement
Authors: Sial Zahida Aziz , Kausar Rabia , Kanwal Hina
Published: November 2021

The main objective of this paper used to observe the perceptiveness of university teachers regarding the effects of the discussion method on students’ success. This research paper was based on quantitative research method. A questionnaire, made up of twenty seven statements, was prepared using a five-point Likert scale with narrow answers (Strongly disagree, Disagree, Undecided, Agree and (Strongly agree). Collected data was processed manually in the primary phase through a gender and academic sorting and after that the data feed was done in MS Excel by data coding. . After that the researcher carried out statistical calculations using Microsoft Excel in addition to the statistical package for social science (SPSS version, 17). Researcher worked out the frequency of the data. The results of this study showed that most teachers agreed that teachers can make education more effective through questioning. The method of discussion assists students in developing and expressing themselves. It turned into additionally discovered that tendency of instructors in the direction of the consequences of dialogue strategies have been exceptionally adaptive. Finally, the researcher additionally made a few hints primarily based totally on study and for prospect researchers.
Kadın Girişimciliği: Motivasyon Faktörleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: KIRÇİCEK Özge Betül , AYTAR Oğuzhan
Published: November 2021

Girişimcilik ülkelerin ekonomik ve sosyal gelişimlerine etki eden en önemli faktörlerden biridir. Bu çalışmanın amacı motivasyon kavramı ile kadın girişimciliğini bir arada değerlendirerek, kadınları girişimci olmaya sevk eden motivasyon faktörlerini ortaya koymak ve elde edilen motivasyonel faktörlerin kadın girişimciliği üzerindeki öneminin anlaşılmasını sağlamaktır. Araştırmanın ana kütlesini Konya ilinde faaliyette bulunan bilinçli kadın girişimciler oluşturmaktadır. İletişim kurulan kadın girişimcilere yüz yüze ve internet tabanlı anket formu uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen anket formlarından 188 tanesi değerlendirmeye uygun bulunmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda kadınları girişimciliğe motive eden en önemli faktörün kendini gerçekleştirme isteği, kadınları girişimciliğe en az motive eden faktörün ise cam tavan sendromu olduğu, motivasyonel faktörlerin kadın girişimcilerin yaş değişkenine göre istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı farklılıklar taşıdığı tespit edilmiştir.
The Study of Cicadas in the Conditions of the Fergana Valley of Uzbekistan
Authors:   Tashkent State Agrarian University, Kojevnikova A. G.
Published: November 2021

The article presents materials on the study of the cicadas Laodelphax striatellus Fall. and Muirodelphax aubei Perr.in the Fergana Valley, their morphological and biological characteristics, systematic position, distribution, harmfulness, food connections and peculiarities of their diagnosis. As I.D. Mityaev points out [1], the useful value of cicadas for humans is very insignificant. There is evidence that some peoples eat large singing cicadas, considering them medicinal, or keep cicadas in cages for the sake of their peculiar singing. It is proved that some species of cicadas, in places of their mass reproduction, play a significant role in the permeability of moisture and aeration of the soil, the underground work of their larvae. Larvae and imago of cicadas are a source of food for many animals and they play a certain role in biocenoses. Some species, due to their low abundance and low harmfulness, are not of great practical importance for humans. Most of the cicadas are pests of various agricultural plants [2, pp. 146-150]. As noted by D.A. Azimov, without deep knowledge of the fauna and development of the taxonomy of insects, as well as other groups of fauna and vegetation, it is impossible to solve further problems of protection and rational use of useful forms, as well as organization of plant protection [3, pp. 54-55]. Therefore, the study of cicadas and their diagnosis is not only theoretical, but also practical.
Language as an Impediment to Immigrants’ welfares and Development: A Case Study
Authors:   Department of English, Abdou Moumouni University, Niamey, Niger Republic, Aichatou ABOUBAKAR Nana
Published: November 2021

Language is a vector of development. “Considered like privileged vehicle of transfer of knowledge and ideas, the language plays an irreplaceable role (…) in all the process of scientific and technological development” (Diki-Kidiri, 2004: 27). It is the means of expressing or communicating ideas which provide the capacity to communicate, thus making it a tool crucial to social organization and technological development. Indeed, language and development are intimately and incontestably linked that no country in the world could develop under using a language other than that of the concerned population. On the other hand, migration is not a new phenomenon: humans are migratory species. For economic or security reasons, people migrate. They moved to new location and new language ecologies where they come in contact with speakers of a specific set of other languages. These changes in the linguistic environment are not without consequences. At this juncture, it is worth noting that to reach their own objectives, immigrants as well as the developers: partners, animators, sensitisers, NGOs agents are in need of language of communication as the development constitutes a process in the center of which the language is. This paper focuses on the utility of language in action in order to understand how can language blocs, impedes immigrants in their daily interaction as it is inconceivable for man to do almost any activity that he does without the use of language. The research utilizes qualitative research methodology by incorporating structured interviews. Another research instrument I use is obtrusive observation to find out which of the second language acquisition, code switching, code mixing or even translation can help immigrants overcome language barriers and experience successful economic and social integration in the host country.
In Joint Matrimony We Share: Controlling the Powers to Use the Trust to Limit Matrimonial Property Rights in South African Law
Authors: Manthwa Aubrey , Nkoane Paul
Published: November 2021

The deceitful use of trusts has created a fair amount of controversy, specifically where it has appeared that a trust has been employed to limit the rights of third parties. This article argues that it is in the interests of the law to ensure that rights are vindicated when unlawfully limited. Similarly, it is in the interest of the common good that legitimately acquired rights are protected. Trust laws state that there must be a separation between control and enjoyment and, in cases where there is no separation, the courts may scrutinise the affairs of a trust. Recent developments have illustrated that measures that provide relief to spouses upon the dissolution of the marriage may not be readily invoked, especially for marriages in community of property. Family trusts have provided spouses with avenues for hiding assets that would otherwise fall into the joint estate. Courts need to adopt a robust approach when dealing with trust assets upon the dissolution of a marriage, particularly to protect the rights of competing spouses.
A SCIENTIFICALLY BASED COMPLEX OF PRACTICAL MEASURES AIMED AT INCREASING THE SUSTAINABILITY OF POPULATIONS OF RESOURCE AND RARE TYPES OF FAUNA
Authors: Poloz S. V.
Published: November 2021

In the course of the studies carried out, it was found that a scientifically grounded complex of practical measures makes it possible to control the spread of parasites of various ecological groups in the implementation of the management of the epizootic process. The inclusion of the developed methods of animal health improvement in it con-tributes to an increase in the stability of populations of resource and rare species of fauna, the preservation of biologi-cal diversity, and a decrease in the economic damage caused by associations of parasites in the natural habitat and in zooculture.
Factors Affecting the Implementation of Green Tourism in Da Nang City
Authors: Le Tan Trinh , Tuong Ngo Cat , Nguyet Phan Hai , Man Luu Minh , Nhi Hoang Thi Lan , Van Nguyen Thao
Published: November 2021

This article describes the impact of factors affecting the implementation of Green Tourism as a sustainable tourism type in Da Nang City after the Covid-19 pandemic and in the near future. Today, air pollution and the Covid-19 pandemic are urgent problems that people are facing to overcome and stabilize social life as well as the economy. With the title of Vietnam's National Green City (Danang city's e-portal, 2018), Da Nang - one of the most famous tourist cities in Vietnam, has many favorable conditions for the development of the “green tourism” model, contributing to the development of a sustainable green economy. We use qualitative research to establish the hypotheses in this research. In the quantitative research, data were collected from business owners dealing in accommodation and travel services in the tourism industry in Da Nang city through questionnaires. The data analysis methods used in this study are Cronbach and EFA methods, correlation, and regression. The results show that there are 4 factors: Cost, Green Awareness, Competitive Advantages, and Policy of Government affecting the implementation of the green tourism model in Da Nang. Most of the business owners providing accommodation and travel services in the tourism industry in Da Nang city are aware of the importance and potential of developing "green tourism" in Da Nang in the future.
Register as a Language Variation: A Linguistics Study of Advertising, Scientific and Official Writing
Authors: Favour Ogemdi Egwim , Nina Felicia Nwulu , Chioma Gloria Iroagba
Published: November 2021

This paper considered register as a language variation in English Language. The register of civil service also known as official writing, advertisement and scientific writing are discussed in great details. The study was based on the premise that language is used in different ways to achieve set goals. The achievement of this set goal of a society results to growth and development of that given society. The paper considered language register as an important element of linguistic style used by different writers in different fields to effectively pass their message across to their readers. This paper equally discusses the scientific writing and advertisement register as the different registers used while elaborately paying attention to their differences in diction, sentence variety, clarity and conciseness. The style of writing in the civil service register is seen as being peculiar to the officialese and therefore is restricted to the officialdom. Poetic devices as a linguistic style were also identified as language register of advertisement. A good understanding of the Standard English will enhance a better appropriation of register in different fields of learning. The researcher used a descriptive research approach to collect data. Data collected were interpreted based on the context of the different sentences. The researcher recommends amongst other things that the officialese, scientific and advertisement writers go through proper training and retraining on the use of English language at its standard status.
Kajian Perancangan Teras sebagai Ruang Tamu New Normal di Rumah Tinggal
Authors: Ibadi Mohamad Wisnu
Published: November 2021

Penyakit yang disebabkan oleh Corona Virus 19 (COVID), menimbulkan pendemi wabah di seluruh dunia. Pandemi ini juga berlangsung di Indonesia sejak saat terdeteksi diawal Maret tahun 2020. Kondisi Pandemi ini menimbulkan banyak efek langsung maupun tidak langsung terhadap kegiatan manusia sehari-hari, termasuk dalam hal kegiatan sosial saat berhubungan dan berkomunikasi satu dengan lainnya. Dalam mengatasi pandemi, Pemerintah Indonesia mengeluarkan beberapa protokol kesehatan yang mengatur bagaimana warga negara berhubungan dan melakukan kegiatan sosial, yaitu menjaga jarak. memakai masker dan mencuci tangan (3M). Hal ini secara langsung maupun tidak langsung, menyebabkan perubahan manusia dalam melakukan komunikasi dan kegiatan sosialnya. Dalam penelitian ini, difokuskan kepada kegiatan manusia saat berkunjung atau bertamu ke rumah orang lain. Dimana kegiatan bertamu itu sangat lekat dengan pola kehidupan manusia Indonesia terkenal ramah dan senang melakukan hubungan silaturahmi ke teman, saudara atau tetangga yang biasa dilakukan di ruang tamu. Namun kondisi pandemic COVID menyebabkan suatu perubahan pola dan gaya hidup yang baru atau disebut New Normal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan sebuah kajian perancangan untuk menjadikan Teras Rumah sebagai Ruang Tamu New Normal.
Kajian Elemen Arsitektur Cina, Studi Kasus: Masjid Babah Alun, Jakarta
Authors: Erveline Basri Dian Monica , Shishiria Silvia , Alfarisi Muhammad Fadlan , Gayatri Sheila Ayu
Published: November 2021

Bangsa Tionghoa yang datang dan menetap di Indonesia sudah memiliki sejarah yang panjang. Orang Tionghoa sudah mengenal Indonesia sejak abad ke 5 M, dan selama beberapa abad jumlahnya terus bertambah. Dari dulu hingga sekarang, orang-orang Tionghoa sudah memiliki andil dalam perkembangan bangsa Indonesia, dari segi budaya, seni, agama, dan lain-lain. Bentuk perwujudan Sino-Javanese Muslim Culture salah satunya dapat terlihat pada beberapa arsitektur masjid. Bentuk akulturasi budaya serta arsitektur tradisional Cina dengan Nusantara dalam bentuk bangunan salah satunya adalah bangunan Masjid Babah Alun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi elemen-elemen arsitektur tradisional Cina pada bangunan Masjid Babah Alun di Cilandak sehingga dapat diketahui elemen arsitektur dan budaya yang mempengaruhinya. Untuk mengindentifikasi elemen-elemen tersebut penelitian ini menggunakan teori arsitektur, arsitektur Islam dan arsitektur Cina sehingga menghasilkan perbandingan elemen- elemen dan hasil analisanya. Dari karakteristik arsitektur Masjid Babah Alun yang dijadikan obyek penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa 4 dari 7 elemen arsitektur serta ditambah 6 point nilai filosofis dari penggunaan elemen arsitektur Cina yang menyimpulkan bahwa Masjid Babah Alun termasuk bangunan yang mengaplikasikan arsitektur Cina.
Identifikasi Keterhubungan Rumah Susun dan Transportasi Publik untuk Menunjang Pengembangan Kawasan Prioritas di Batam
Authors: Bachtiar Firmansyah
Published: November 2021

Peran Batam sebagai kawasan pelabuhan dan perdagangan bebas berimbas pada peningkatan kegiatan di sektor industri, kepelabuhanan dan perdagangan jasa. Hal ini terlihat dari meningkatnya jumlah populasi Batam dari sekitar 6.000 jiwa di tahun 1970 menjadi lebih dari 1 juta jiwa di tahun 2020. Untuk menggenjot investasi agar dapat bersaing dengan Singapura dan Johor, telah disusun Rencana Induk Pengembangan KPBPB Batam, Bintan, Karimun yang menetapkan beberapa proyek infrastruktur dan kawasan yang diharapkan dapat memperluas peluang masuknya investor ke Batam. Pengembangan kawasan prioritas tersebut dapat menjadi pemicu penambahan jumlah penduduk yang berimbas pada peningkatan kebutuhan hunian khususnya untuk pekerja dan MBR. Dalam  kondisi saat ini, sudah terdapat beberapa Rumah Susun di Batam untuk menunjang kebutuhan hunian pekerja industri, dimana pada komplek Rumah Susun tersebut masih diimungkinkannya ada pengembangan kapasitas untuk mengantisipasi kebutuhan hunian karena munculnya kawasan strategis baru. Kajian ini berusaha melihat posisi dan peran Rumah Susun yang ada saat ini dan potensinya dari segi jarak untuk mendukung proyek kawasan prioritas yang ada, serta potensi keterhubungan Rumah Susun tersebut dengan transportasi massal yang dapat menunjang kebutuhan mobilitas penghuni ke tempat kerja nantinya.
Magnetic resonance imaging in the assessment of acute stroke
Authors: Handanović Majda , Julardžija Fuad , Šehić Adnan , Sofić Amela , Jusufbegović Merim , Bulja Deniz
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Stroke is the second leading underlying cause of death globally and the leading cause of disability in adults. Stroke diagnosis should be performed quickly and efficiently to eliminate other potential causes of neurological deficits and to assess the time since the onset of clinical symptoms. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are essential methods of detecting and evaluating stroke type and treatmentoptions. Diffusion and perfusion MR imaging is recommended for early stroke diagnosis, as well as for the selection of patients for recanalization therapy, and is considered effective in assessing treatment outcomes. The objectives of this study were to demonstrate the diagnostic value of diffusion and perfusion imaging in the diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke, analyze the role of magnetic resonance imaging in the selection of patients with acute stroke for recanalization therapy, and assess the effect of acute stroke complicity.Material and methods: The research is designed as a systematic review of the primary scientific research literature, which was published in English in relevant scientific databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline) from 2014 to 2021.Results: 14 scientific research papers were singled out and the general characteristics of the study were analyzed (country, authors, year of publication, title of the study, type of study, study objectives, research methods, results and conclusion). A quality assessment of the included studies with cohort design and randomized controlled studies was performed, and most belong to the category of high-quality studies with a smaller number of medium-quality studies. The overall percentage of detected AIS cases in isolated studies using the DWI and/or PWI sequence was 90.8%. At the same time, the outcome of recanalization therapy was assessed using MRI studies (the number of patients who developed adverse events with functional data outcome 30 or 90 days after the procedure was observed). Comparison of MRI and CT imaging protocols provided data on the total percentage of detected acute stroke cases using CT imaging protocols (68.9%) and MRI imaging protocols (88.5%), which is why MRI is considered a superior method.Conclusion: Although CT is a suitable method for visualizing bleeding and also for early differentiation of hemorrhagic from ischemic stroke, if MRI imaging is available, it is recommended to use DWI, PWI, MRA sequences for a more accurate diagnosis of stroke in the acute phase.