bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Framework for Providing Security for Cloud SaaS Model through an Enhanced Sea Lion Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Gopal K. Shyam Reddy Saisindhutheja,
Published: February 2021

The Cloud paradigm is increasing very rapidly due to its on-demand services. Software-as-a Service (SaaS) is one amongst the most outstanding and fastest-growing fields in the era of Cloud computing. Organizations are adopting SaaS solutions, which offer several advantages, mostly in minimizing cost and time. Over all the excitement around SaaS, security is one of the foremost critical issues for its growth in Cloud computing. Hence this paper introduces a novel framework for detecting the DoS attacks using an enhanced Sea Lion Optimization Algorithm (SLnO) known as Fitness updated Sea Lion Optimization Algorithm (FSLnO). The proposed work has two stages (i) feature selection using FSLnO and (ii) classification through Recurrent Neural Network (RNN). It ensures the separation of normal and compromised date. For evaluation KDD cup 99 dataset is used and evaluated in terms of Precision, Accuracy, False Positive and Negative rates. Results prove that the proposed work outperformed the other conventional models.
A Socio-pragmatic Study of Hedging in Iraqi Arabic
Authors: Al Salami Lecturer Akram Nadhim Raheem
Published: February 2021

Among the different types of linguistic means are the expressions of fuzziness and uncertainty which are used by speakers widely. These types of expressions are called hedges. Many scholars have studied this phenomenon from both semantic and pragmatic perspectives. Hyland (1998:1) defines hedges as Devices used to convey tentativeness to reflect uncertainty. Lakoff, Brown and Levinson (1987) develop different perspectives on the basis of speech act theory and consider hedges as strategies for minimizing the threat to face.Hedges are considered a very important part in languages and they play an effective role in communication. Hedges are universal, that is, they are found in all languages and according to this type of expressions Many Iraqi people use them in their daily speech and we are unaware of the use of this phenomenon in Iraqi language. e.g / what are the functions, the strategies or the types that are used the most.To The best of the researcher's knowledge, hedges have not been dealt with in Iraqi Arabic. Hence, this study addresses the following questions:How do Iraqi people use hedges? And What type of hedges do Iraqi people use the most?This study aims atthe identification of the pragmatic types of hedging, shedding light on the functions of such a pragmatic phenomenon.  Therefore, it is hypothesized thatIt is hypothesized that: hedging is used in Iraqi Arabic serving identifiable pragmatic functions. As far as the use of hedging is concerned,  the present  study is limited to the use of hedges in Iraqi Arabic. To serve the aims of the study, a data including  a number of  educated and uneducated Iraqis is chosen is selected for this purpose.
Lesson Learned - The Quality of Life Development and Income Enhancement for The Local Community Project from The Mission as a Higher Education Institute for Local Development of Phranakhon Rajabhat University
Authors: Et al. Chanthana Udom
Published: February 2021

This article aims to present the conceptual framework of the project implementation process and its result of the mission as a higher education institute for local development, Phranakhon Rajabhat University. This is a part of the quality of life development and income enhancement for the local community. The target of the project was farmers and small and micro-community enterprises (SMCE) in Bang Yai district, Nonthaburi, covering 4 sub-districts with 60 households. The methodology focused on building partnership networks and defining the common goals by analysis of the capital and capacity, in which involving problem-solving. Additionally, it also emphasized on finding solutions that leading to academic development via participatory process. This was to solve problems and support the ongoing implementation of the local community. The tools used in the project were group discussions, in-depth interviews, and workshops. The results of the project implementation were a plan for problem-solving and development projects of the local community. They consist of 1 megaproject and 10 sub-projects with substantial results. It also has to be consistent with the needs of the users and be applicable for further development in income enhancement for farmers in the future
Roles of Buddhist Monks in Moral Development following Sufficiency Economy Philosophy
Authors: Et al. Phrakhru Thamrongwongvisut (Theerasak Phuangpool)
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this article was to propose a model of moral and ethical development according to the philosophy of sufficiency economy. Documentary study was used by studying the role of Buddhist monks and analyzing the consistency of morality, ethics, and philosophy of sufficiency economy consisted of modesty, rationality, and immunity that based on the conditions of knowledge and morality. Results indicated that the guidelines for moral development began with the development of education in order to provide people with knowledge with various abilities, and also apply the aforementioned knowledge to occupations building well-being for yourself and your family. For moral and ethical development, it is very important aspect for social development. Considering with the current situation in Thai society, it can be seen that the chaos of Thai society today is mainly due to the lack of moral and ethical lifestyle. Therefore, moral and ethical development must know how to improve oneself to be people with sufficient knowledge, and be a person who spends sufficiently on education, a person with good physical health and mental health, and be a learner who know how to solve problems, and know how to think reasonably. There are five aspects in a model of moral and ethical development consisted of education, Dhamma propagation, social welfare, inherit culture, promote and preserve environment. There are two important principles for the maximum benefit which are virtues for a good household life, and virtues conducive to growth in wisdom.
Development of Administrative Management for Charity School in Buddhist Temples
Authors: Et al. Phramaha Thanasak Thammachoto (Cheunsawang)
Published: February 2021

This academic article was to propose the development of administrative management for charity school in Buddhist temples. This paper was written from area studies in the collaborative activities in schools and communities cooperated with 3 organizations consisted of home, temple and school in friendly for sustainable coordination. These three harmonize together in a manner that was known as being born from the mind who wants to participate in a particular activity in order to affect the needs of people in line with the social way of life. Therefore, providing the community enter to truly get involved of participation activities need to be considered lifestyle, noble values, culture and attitude for voluntarily participate in community-based activities that supported by public schools and temples. The religious training team advises personnel, students and community members to gain sustainable morality. Mission of great importance is that the school administrators must be able to lead the organization to survive and must set a plan and method as well as various steps in operating systematically by relying on the budget and resources from the state that needs to use with saving and wisely including people, money, time and other assets. If the administrative system within the school is not good, it will affect other parts of the organization. Therefore, success or failure in the school administration will depend on the competency of the school administrators.
The Development Model for School Administrators the office of the Basic Education Commission in Thailand 4.0
Authors: Phumphongkhochasorn Dr. Phumphakhawat
Published: February 2021

This research aimed to 1) to study the elements of the development model for school administrators of the Office of the Basic Education Commission in Thailand 4.0 2) to develop the model of the school administrators of the Office of the Basic Education Commission in Thailand. Land 4.0 and 3) assess the appropriateness of the development of the model for the administrators of the Office of the Basic Education Commission in Thailand 4.0 using a combined approach. There are 4 steps of research: 1) study documents and related research. With the administration of educational institutions of the Office of the Basic Education Commission in Thailand 4.02) Develop a model for administrators of school administrators of the Office of the Basic Education Commission in Thailand 4.0 with Delphi techniques from management experts to excellence 19 persons 3) analyzed the elements of the development pattern of the administrators of the Office of the Basic Education Commission in Thailand 4.0 by analyzing the elements; The statistics used for data analysis were percentage, range, quartile, mean, standard deviation and elemental analysis.

Research findings

1.The study of the administrators of the Office of the Basic Education Commission in Thailand 4.0 found that it consisted of 5 important components: Characteristics of self-development of modern leadership, modern management development skills, roles, duties, morality, ethics and competencies of school administrators of the Office of the Basic Education Commission in Thailand 4.0 2.Development of the model for school administrators of the Office of the Basic Education Commission in Thailand 4.0 found that there are 5 main components: leadership, vision, morality, ethics, knowledge, competence and information and technology. 3. The level of suitability of the development of the model for the school administrators of the Office of the Basic Education Commission in Thailand 4.0 overall and the aspects are very good.
The Guideline Development for Civil State Community Market Model Driven through Thailand 4.0 Policy
Authors: Et al. Pramote Yotkaew
Published: February 2021

The purposes of this study are to 1) assess the current situation of operating the community market in accordance with the Pracharath (civil state) project driven through Thailand 4.0 policy, 2) examine problems and barriers of managing the Pracharath (civil state) community market, and 3) explore and introduce the model of the Pracharath (civil state) community market. Additionally, the mixed method, combining quantitative and qualitative techniques, were used questionnaire with 402 samples. Also, in-depth data were collected by interviewing persons involved. Besides, Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and interpretation. The result shows that 1) In terms of operating, the customers are quite impressed as they get what they want. The quality of the merchandise is the Pracharath (civil state) stores’ top priority. The products have to be standard and reliable. In addition, the staffs of stores are honest. In terms of distribution channels, The stores are conveniently located and easy to access. In terms of marketing promotion, information is always provided to customers. In terms of price, the prices of products are reasonable comparing to other shops. The analysis of the model, after the static adjustment, shows that all values passed the criteria. 2) Moving to problems and barriers in managing and operating the store, there is a lack of electronic equipment for use in the store. Besides, there are customers’ arrears. It was found that some products are about to expire. Also, the kinds of products are not varied. 3) The model of the Pracharath (civil state) community market should focus on customers’ motivation, for instance, giving an average dividend, return the benefits. The pattern of developing all those involved in community stores, marketing communication, and an excellent administrative system should be also focused on.
Survey Project on Opinion and Attitude toward Narrating News Program of People in Northern Part of Thailand
Authors: Oam To-aj Wanchalee Noriya,
Published: February 2021

The purposes of this research were to study the behavior of watching news programs of people in the northern part of Thailand, attitude towards programming and content of narrating news programs, and compare the expectations and satisfaction of people in the northern part of Thailand towards watching a narrating news program. This research is quantitative research, with a comparative study of sports and entertainment news to watch news programs using questionnaires as a research tool. The research population consists of 1,600 people living in the north of Thailand with ages 15 and above. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and t-test (Independent Sample t-test and Pair sample t-test). The results revealed that most of the samples used to watch narrating news program on television, both on weekdays and holidays between 18.01 - 21.00 hrs which had the frequency of watching narrating news program every day. The narrating news program viewed because the language is easy to understand, and the reliability of the news programs is at a medium level. The results of the study also revealed that the sample group has an attitude towards program planning and contents of narrating news programs at a high level; the expectation was more significant than the satisfaction with the viewing of narrating news programs, which were the statistically significant difference at the 0.05. Entertainment and sports news have different attitudes towards programming and content of narrating news programs with statistically significant at the 0.05 level (P-value = 0.00), but the expectations and satisfaction are not different. While both types of news, sample groups were less satisfied with the narrating news programs than expected
Differences of Opinion: The Debate on Thai Theravāda Bhikkhunīs
Authors: Suenghataiphorn Pichayapa
Published: February 2021

This paper attempted to summarize the findings regarding the question about the acceptance of Theravāda bhikkhunīs in Thai society across different sections of the Thai population. The statistics approach to this research article and questionnaire sample is cross-sectional data from April 20 to May 12, 2017. Interviews and group discussions have also been utilized as a method to facilitate an open-conversation atmosphere to get our subjects speaking. Nevertheless, since the questionnaire method is anonymous, our subjects feel more at ease to express their opinions regarding the Theravāda bhikkhunī ordination debate in Thailand. Thus, it is hoped that this paper provide a better comprehension of how the Thai people perceive the role of Theravāda bhikkhunī in Thai Buddhist culture and the possibilities for their recognition in the future. Moreover, it is hoped that this research will reveal how the Thai Theravāda bhikkhunīs perceive themselves in their role inside the fourfold assembly consisting of bhikkhus, bhikkhunīs, lay men, and lay women in propagating the Gotama Buddha’s teachings.
Exploring Association Between Emotional Intelligence And Job Satisfaction Of Subject Specialists
Authors: Amna Saleem, Shabnam Noor Dr. Farah Deeba,
Published: February 2021

The purpose of the present study was to explore the association between emotional intelligence and job satisfaction of subject specialists of public higher secondary schools of district Lahore. For this purpose, a five-point Likert type scale, an emotional intelligence scale, and a Job Satisfaction Scale was used to measure emotional intelligence and job satisfaction respectively. The demographic variables were gender, locality, subject, academic qualification, age, and teaching experience whose percentages were calculated. Each scale was split into four components of each variable and then percentage responses mean, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis were applied to study the statistics of these variables. The mean score of financial matters was the lowest and that of understanding was the highest. The zero value of skewness and kurtosis showed that the data was normal. Furthermore, an independent sample t-test was applied to find the comparison of two variables based on gender discipline, marital status, and locality. ANOVA was used to find out the comparison of more than two variables academic qualification, age, and teaching experience. Correlation between the two variables the Emotional Intelligence and Job Satisfaction was calculated by using Pearson’s coefficient which showed that there was a positive significant strong correlation between these two variables. Further regression analysis was done to find the description of the effect. There was a significant effect of emotional intelligence on job satisfaction. Independent variable managing was the best predictor of job satisfaction.
Biyanaam: A unique element of Assamese Culture; Understanding, Discussion and Preservation
Authors: Saikia Lotika
Published: February 2021

Folk literature has come to be identified as one of the priceless resources of an indigenous community. Folk literature is an important carrier of culture, heritage and tradition of a particular cultural or linguistic community. In this context, Assamese „Biyanaam‟ are one type of Folk literature which falls into this mentioned description. The biyanam presented during such ceremonies reflect the socio-cultural life of the Assamese community. This trend showcases the myths, outfits, jewellery, food habits, the cultural ethos etc. This folk songs are called ‘Biyanaam’ (Marriage songs) as they are sung or played only on occasions of marriage ceremony. Rather it is the reflection of collective emotions as well as collective consciousness of Assamese people surfacing as or in the form of oral literature. It transforms and travels along with the changing currents of time. The „biyanaam‟ or “wedding songs” sung in a traditional Assamese wedding ceremony is an integral part of Assamese culture. An Assamese wedding household is practically incomplete without these wedding songs that are sung throughout various ceremonies by the ladies present there.
Teachers’ Professional Identity Measures in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from the Perspective of Rasch Model Framework
Authors: Et al. Alghamdi Hamad Abdullah J.
Published: February 2021

This study aims to assess the psychometric properties of the professional identity measure of the professional identity of Mathematics teachers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Professional identity topic has not been widely addressed in the Arab environment. Studying the Mathematics Teachers’ Professional Identity (TPI) is important because only few and inadequate body of research has been performed in the Arab environment. Establishing measuring tool on the TPI contributes on the evaluation of the teachers in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and their roles in the educational process in the country. This study applies descriptive approach. 600 secondary Mathematics teachers were involved. The adapted version of the questionnaire designed by Albaqi'i (2014) used to measure the Mathematics TPI. Delphi techniques in three rounds to gather experts’ opinion about the suitability of Mathematics TPI questionnaire used in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia context. Rasch model as a framework applied to assess the psychometric properties of Mathematic TPI questionnaire. The results are valuable in terms of analyzing the psychometric properties for the first version of Mathematics TPI, to improve Differential Item Functioning (DIF) and the psychometric properties for the revised version of Mathematics TPI Questionnaire.
A STUDY OF MANJU KAPUR'S CUSTODY FROM A FEMINIST PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Dr. V. Vimala S. Manimekalai,
Published: February 2021

Ina traditional Indian society, women find space as a living being. She needs to be a wife and mother first and then a living being with heart and head. Right from childhood, women have been trained to suppress their physical needs, keeping their families' interest foremost in their minds. Sex is something forbidden to them, and it is treated as a cause for challenges and catastrophes. Under the pretext of maintaining tradition, female sexuality has been suppressed. Instead, it has been appreciated in exalted terms by glorifying motherhood. Infertility in married life affects both husband and wife, yet it is the woman who usually carries the social stigma. Women's social status, how they are regulated in life, economic independence, survival, and marital life are all equivalent to nothing unless their married life becomes fruitful. In this connection, Anderson opines," motherhood is generallyrecognized as an essential part of being a woman, to an extentpoint that women without children are usually described as unsatisfied and incomplete" (42). For a woman whose married life is barren,her body itself becomes an object of discontentment. This paper attempts to view the female body in Manju Kapur's Custody novel from a  feminist perspective.
Limitations Involved in the Utilization of Computer Based Technologies at Universities’ Teaching and Learning in Pakistan
Authors: Dr. Kiran Shehzadi, Khadija Sittar Dr. Tahira Afridi,
Published: February 2021

With the advent of 21st century the usage of technology in every field of life made it inevitable to be used in the field of education as well. It is a familiar fact that the current scenario where technology has made advances by leaps, its usage in the field of education is of utmost importance. Like the rest of the world, the educational institutes in Punjab, public and private, are making efforts to adopt and integrate technological advancement in their teaching and learning processes. The universities in Punjab are no exception. However the hurdles and limitations involved in this process are hard to be ignored. Therefore this study will try to highlight those issues that are causing hurdles in use of technology in teaching and learning at universities in Punjab. For this purpose this study has made use of Ely’s conditions model (1999) of technology implementation theory, which is reflected more appropriate for measuring the barriers in technological applications in academics. This research made an extensive and thorough investigation, based on the opinion of 3397 participants. The methodology used was survey research involving teachers, administrators and students from eight public and private universities' faculty of Education and Business. The responses were assessed by applying descriptive and inferential statistics. This study revealed a number of factors responsible for  causing hurdles in technology adoption, but the major factor as per the respondents was the unavailability of Resources. There were some other factors mentioned as well such as Commitment, Rewards, Leadership, Participation and Skills. The overall level of involvement of these sub scales barriers is above average; therefore, unfortunately universities are still using the conventional method of education and cannot make as much use of technology as they could have.
A Theoretical Study: The Flipped Classroom Model As An Effective And Meaningful Learning Model In Multiple Era
Authors: Et al. Suhartono
Published: February 2021

This article aims to describe the flipped classroom model as an effective and meaningful learning model in various times. The flipped classroom model (flipped model) is a learning model that emphasizes learning in the classroom and outside the classroom, where conventional activities are carried out in class into activities at home, and activities carried out at home become activities in class. The flipped classroom model makes learning effective with active student involvement in the learning process, and meaningful learning with the influence of better changes in cognitive, affective, and skill aspects in students. The flipped classroom model is closely related to a more efficient use of learning time, where outside the classroom (at home) students have studied material and done assignments, then in class problem solving is carried out by discussing and completing assignments/ evaluations given by the teacher. Assessment in the flipped classroom model with comprehensive and authentic assessment, comprehensive assessment, namely the learning process and results. The flipped classroom model can be applied at any time, regardless of any conditions, wherever there is a learning process and using digital technology / information technology that is developing in the current era.
Synthetic Light-Curve Analysis of a Short Period Binary System YY Eri
Authors: Wiraporn Maithong Warisa Pancharoen,
Published: February 2021

YY Eri, the short-period binary system, is a W UMa type of the eclipsing binary system. This study using a 0.7-meter telescope with CCD photometric system in B V and R filters. It was observed at the Regional Observatory for the Public, Chachoengsao, Thailand on December 5, 2018, UT. The MaxIm DL software was used to analyzed the images photometry to produce the light curve. The Wilson-Devinney technique was computed the synthetic light curve that prefer to the physical properties of the YY Eri. The results show that the effective temperature of the primary and secondary star was 5533 and 5598 K, respectively. The inclination is 81.450 and the mass ratio is 0.55. The degree of contact was calculated as 16.64%
The Female Body And Women's Issues
Authors: Dr. Ihsan Mohammed Jawad Al-Tamimi Nidal Abdul Rahim Salman,
Published: February 2021

The woman adopted the act of writing afterwards as a way to understand the world around the woman, and she took various methods to prove the woman epistemological uniqueness and privacy, and the most famous of those written means is in writing with the body, which is a cognitive act that the woman uses to understand the woman past and the woman new world, in order to express the woman actual reality that revolves around the theme of the body, Writing cannot go beyond it because it is a realistic being that all things are centered around. This throws the woman into the dilemma of writing in light of a conservative social reality that made the body among the taboos that cannot be penetrated, and if that happens, writing is subject to moral questioning and harsh criticism, especially from the male community.
EXPLORING THE ROLE OF UPDATED TECHNOLOGY IN UNIVERSITY ENGLISH LANGUAGE CLASSROOM
Authors: Kamil Dr. Sundus Aj.
Published: February 2021

Technology nowadays has become the trend of every aspect of life and  teaching  is not away from the that fad. What Elbert Einstein indicates “It has become appallingly obvious that our technology has exceeded our humanity”  ,has been sharply outlined. The adoption  of updated technology represents an important  advance in modern English language teaching methods. The use of technology in an English classroom  is involved with a variety of technical gadgets  like a variety of mobile phones, wireless phone, laptop, tablets, notebooks, pen drives, online dictionary in addition to social media  such as Facebook, Orkut, and Google search. English classes have become a part of the novel trends. They encourage  the English teachers  to investigate  the best appropriate one which optimizes the  class for better learning English. The present term-paper is intended to shed the light on the role undertaken by up-to-date technology in optimizing English classrooms nowadays. The aim of this study is to identify the role updated technology in  language classrooms undertake to nurture and support language learning. This research is a descriptive one where a sample of (90) second year students at the Department of English/ College of  Education /IbnRushd /University of Baghdad are randomly chosen to respond to the questionnaire items which  are  adopted from a previous study to identify the role undertaken by updated technology in language classroom. The students’ responses have been statistically analyzed and rejected positively the null hypothesis to capture the importance of updated technology  in boosting language learning on the students’ part.
DEVELOPMENT OF e-XTVT GUIDELINES IN PROMOTING ACTIVE ONLINE LEARNING IN HIGHER EDUCATION: THE FUZZY DELPHI APPROACH
Authors: Et al. Ramlan Mustapha
Published: February 2021

This study aimed to get an agreement and expert views on the e-xtvt guidelines in promoting active online learning in Malaysia higher education. This study employ Fuzzy Delphi method using a 7 Likert scale to collect responses of 11 experts in various fields of education at public universities in Malaysia. A total of 33 item questionnaire was given to experts for evaluation. Fuzzy Delphi method was used for data analysis. Data were analyzed using triangular fuzzy numbering (triangular fuzzy number) and position (ranking) of each variable is determined using the'defuzzication' process. The findings show that, response and expert consensus on the  e-xtvt guidelines  in promoting active online learning in higher education are at a good level. The overall findings of the expert consensus agreement exceed 75%, the overall value of the threshold (d)< 0.2 and a α-cut exceeds 0.5. The priority guidelines elements were sorted by priority and were refined by adding and dropping item as recommended by experts.
Scoping Review of Flipped Learning in Engineering Education Abeer Rasheed
Authors: Rasheed Abeer
Published: February 2021

Real opportunity to use digital technology such as flipped learning has been used in several fields, uncovering diverse benefits regarding its usage. Flipped learning make this possible through mixed environments that allow the combination of learning and discussion courses topics. This scoping review presented that there is potential in using flipped learning in education environment. The results from this systematic review provide valuable information regarding to enhance individual learning.
The Mediation Role of Organizational Commitment in the Relationship between Strategic Human Resources Management and Individual Performance
Authors: Rabia ÖZPEYNİRCİ Polat YÜCEKAYA,
Published: February 2021

The aim of this research is to examine the mediating role of organizational commitment in the relationship between strategic human resource management and individual performance. For this purpose, data were collected from SME businesses operating in Aksaray through convenience sampling method in the period covering February-March 2019.  The questionnaire prepared to collect data consists of four parts. The first part of the questionnaire includes questions about the demographic characteristics of the survey participants. The second part of the questionnaire is about the strategic human resources management scale. In the second part of the questionnaire, a scale consisting of 9 statements, which was developed by Huselid (1995) and rearranged by Batram et al. (2007), was used. For the organizational commitment scale in the third part of the questionnaire, the scale consisting of 7 statements developed by Katsikea et al.  (2011) was used. For the individual performance scale in the last part of the questionnaire, a scale consisting of 6 statements developed by Green et al. (2006) was used. The collected data were analyzed with the help of SPSS and SmartPLS statistics program, and the data were analyzed by frequency, reliability analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. According to the results of this study, it was determined that organizational commitment has a full mediating role in the relationship between strategic human resources management and individual performance. As strategic human resources management increases the organizational commitment of the employees, it has been concluded that it also positively affects their individual performance.
Examining the Correlation between University Students’ Perceived Teacher Immediacy and their Motivation
Authors: Dr. Asmaa Azeem, Nisar Abid Dr. Tariq Hussain,
Published: February 2021

This descriptive correlational study was intended to explore the relationship between university students’ perceived teacher immediacy and their motivation. 800 students were selected from eight different universities of district Lahore through a multi-stage stratified random sampling method. Out of the selected, 726 participants responded on adapted Verbal Immediacy Behaviors (VIB), Revised Nonverbal Immediacy Measures (RNIM), and Students Motivation Scale (SMS). Independent sample t-tests’ results exhibited no significant gender-based or sector-wise difference in perceived teacher immediacy and motivation level of students. However, the correlational evidence showed a strong correlation between verbal, nonverbal, overall teacher immediacy, and student motivation. Results suggest that teacher immediacy functions as a means of enhancing the motivation of a student, based on this fact, the researchers suggest that content to promote teacher immediacy should be added in teacher education curricula.
Crisis Communication- The rise of New Brand Language in India
Authors: Jain Dr Pooja
Published: February 2021

Traditionally the research on crisis communication was targeted to public and private organizations’ but there is a limited awareness on crisis communication from the perspective of Indian brands.It is considered as a powerful strategic approach to reach the existing and prospective target audience during troublesome situations. Whenever a crisis occurs, there is a need of proactive, swift and comprehensive communication. In India, now days every brand has started thinking about an emergency communication plan that they may use whenever needed. Since it’s all about a brand’s repute when a crisis occurs, it becomes crucial to communicate with the masses addressing their immediate concerns and counter false information, ensuring that the communication language remains consistent throughout. Advertising is the key focus here since it plays a fundamental role at the junction of mass interaction. In present scenario, Social media platforms has turned out to be expedient tool for crisis communicating. But along with it, identifying the facts about the crisis and its significance is equally essential. This paper thus aims to bring forth tools and tactics of communication being used by brands before and after crisis. To better understand how this issue may affect the decision-making outcomes, Qualitative research approach will be taken to investigate judgement by observing & interviewing domain experts. Primary & Secondary data will help to evaluate the crisis response strategies taken by some power brands of India. Case study approach will yield the desired level of detail & understanding. Conclusions point out the glaring fact that all the brands that are involved in crisis communication have been successful in retaining their social identity and acceptance with high ethical standards in regard to social responsibility. Recommendations for how crisis communication can be further improvised in practice are discussed as well as suggestions for future research are provided.
An Empirical Study on Monetary Policy and Economic Growth: The case of Indonesia using an ARDL – ECM Approach
Authors: Et al. Samoon Safiullah
Published: February 2021

This study explores the role of monetary policy instruments, particularly through the board money supply and inflation, in support of economic growth in Indonesia. The research base on the long-run co-integration approach using the data from 1970 to 2019. The goal of this study complies with applying the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL), and Error Correction Model (ECM), for finding out the long-run co-integration approach among dependents and independent variables. The research includes the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) unit root test for stationary analysis. The ECM results show that inflation plays a significant but negative role in economic growth in Indonesia. On the other hand, the money supply has also inversely related to the country's economic growth but not significant
“THE LIVED EXPERIENCES OF CYBERBULLIED SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS: A UNITED ARAB EMIRATES CASE”
Authors: Rommel Pilapil Sergio Virgimin Reyes Panganiban,
Published: February 2021

This research study intends to explore the cyber bullying experiences of selected students in a non-Arab High School institution in Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE). To carry out this intention, the researchers extracted themes in the narratives of lived experiences and analyzed transcribed interview data provided by 10 respondents who underwent a rigid pre-qualifying process of selection. The study is focused on the cyberbullying experiences of the students engaged in social networking sites in Dubai. The respondents of the study were Grade 11 and 12 senior high school students, age 15-18 years old, both male and female. Further, this study determined the emotional, psychosocial and cognitive needs presented by the respondents.The researchers used phenomenological, qualitative analysis of narrative data research design.  Through purposive sampling method, ten students from the 100 targeted senior high school students were selected for in-depth interview. The participants were selected based on their experiences as a victim of cyberbullying like exclusion, denigration, masquerade, outing and discrimination.From the emerging themes, there were related theories presented in the framework focused on the emotional, psychosocial and cognitive needs of the victims of cyberbullying. The result of the study is conclusive as evident by victims of cyberbullying whose emotional, psychosocial and intellectual state of being were affected. However, they demonstrated willingness to form a support group to extend help to people of the same dilemma and further a more comprehensive and recommendatory approach on this study.
“SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS OF AETAS IN THE PROVINCE OF ZAMBALES, PHILIPPINES: BASIS FOR A PROPOSED SUSTAINABILITY PLAN”
Authors: Anicas Roel Palo
Published: February 2021

Indigenous tribes are said to be the living treasures of a country. The study aimed to determine the relationship of the Aetas with other residents in the community. Qualitative method of research using Photovoice, interviews and observation through FGD among 729 families were used.The following are the themes: 1) The Longing for the Sense of Belongingness as Part of a Community – “Am I welcome to this place?”; 2) Noblest Task as a Member of the Community; 3) Leverage on Sound Interpersonal Relationship; 4) Willingness to Success and Avoidance of Discriminations – “Am I belong?”; and 5) New Hopes, New Aspirations, New Life … “Unwavering Support from Stakeholders”. The following were the findings:  they felt that discrimination exists; there’s willingness to help and support the community; there are conflicts between their co-Aetas but settled righteously; and there are groups of NGOs, Government Agencies, or Private Companies extending help, and aids in the community. It is concluded that discrimination exists in the community and occurrences of conflicts among them and with neighbors who are “unat”; and overflowing supports extended to them from different organizations extending help and aids. It is recommended that the ROEL Integrative Scheme for Sustainability Development must be implemented.
Multiple Sources of Protest Movements in Latin America
Authors:   HSE University, Moscow 101000, Russian Federation, Kosevich E.
Published: February 2021

Social outbreaks which have been characteristic of the political landscape of Latin America throughout the course of history of this region , reached their peak in the late 90s of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century. It can be argued without exaggeration that a special culture of mass protests has already formed in this part of the world. It functions as an independent “pressure mechanism” aimed at expanding rights and reducing historical injustice. In the fall of 2019 Latin America became the epicenter of social protests. Residents of the highest income inequality region of the world ceased restraining their discontent. It turned out to be impossible for the state authorities to react to such indignation by the usual repressive methods, thus they were forced to listen to society demands. In just a few months, Haiti, Ecuador, Chile, Bolivia were caught in a massive political crisis which was marked by massive street demonstrations. Gradually, a wave of public discontent swept over countries such as Colombia and Argentina. Although the root causes of these events in each country were different, several general trends stand out in all the chaos that is happening in Latin America. These trends can be traced in all foci of instability that broke out almost simultaneously in several countries of the region. This paper attempts to analyze the main factors that led to such widespread unrest. The goal of this analysis is to reveal the unresolved problems of the region. The author identifies the main reasons that together caused social explosions, and presents them in the form of a hierarchical pyramid: from the underlying economic instability, the crisis of the neoliberal development model, social inequality; the weakening of the political system and corruption, that are situated in the middle; until the very top of the pyramid – the “democracy deficit” and the influence of social networks. In this context, I divided the article into 4 thematic blocks, which will allow a systematic review of the most important causes that set a chain reaction in motion of protest activities, as well as an assessment of the further development of the socio-political situation in Latin America. A combination of regional and country approaches were applied in this paper to the phenomenon under study.
Prospective study to compare abdominal hysterectomy versus non- descent vaginal hysterectomy at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Sheth Paresh N. , Choudhary Prema Ram
Published: February 2021

Background: Hysterectomy can be performed by vaginal, abdominal and via laparoscopic route. In the current scenario of importance of non-invasive surgery there has been increase in interest and requirement of vaginal hysterectomy for non-prolapsed uterus i.e. Non-descent vaginal hysterectomy (NDVH) due to scarless surgery. Gynecologist across the world continue to use the abdominal approach for a large majority of hysterectomies that may be performed vaginally despite well documented evidence which says that vaginal hysterectomy do have better outcome. This study aimed to find out to compare outcomes of NDVH and Abdominal hysterectomy (AH).Methods: The study is conducted at department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, at a tertiary care hospital Gujarat, India, between the periods of May 2018 to December 2019 of 100 patients. 50 Patients who underwent hysterectomy by abdominal route are taken as study group A and 50 Patients who underwent hysterectomy by vaginal routes are taken as group B.Results: Out of 100 women we have studied, duration of surgery, intra operative blood loss, intra operative complications, postoperative morbidity and duration of hospital stay, time required to resume normal work are less in group B (NDVH).Conclusions: It can be concluded that NDVH is feasible, safe and better alternative to abdominal hysterectomy for benign gynecological conditions. It also provides greater efficacy and safety with minimal invasiveness.
Study of fetal hemoglobin with different gestational age and birth weight of the newborn
Authors: Roy Santosh Kumar , Shrivastava Ajit Kumar , Choudhary Prema Ram
Published: February 2021

Background: In many parts of the developing country estimation of antenatal gestational age is still not possible and challenging condition of proper perinatal care. This study aimed to find out relationship between the gestational age and birth weight of the newborn with fetal hemoglobin concentration.Methods: In this comparative study, we included 90 pregnant women who delivered their babies by normal vaginal delivery. Out of these 90 babies, 27 were preterm with gestational age 28-36 weeks, 55 were term with gestational age 37-41 weeks and remaining 8 were post term with gestational age of more than 41 weeks. All these 90 newborn infants were also divided into two groups: low birth weight (birth weight <2.5 kg) and birth weight ≥2.5 kg. Fetal hemoglobin was estimated by using alkali denaturation technique of Chernoff and Singer on appropriate spectrophotometer. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS windows version 20.0 software.Results: The total number of newborns were significantly (p<0.001) higher in term group and with normal birth weight group. Fetal hemoglobin level was significantly (p<0.0001) lower in term, post term and normal birth weight groups. Study showed a definite negative correlation between gestational age and the fetal hemoglobin concentration. Fetal hemoglobin level was gradually declining with increasing gestational age and birth weight.Conclusions:  It is concluded from this study that the concentration of fetal hemoglobin decreases at the rate of 2.4% per week with considerable variation of values at every week of advancing gestational age. Hence level of fetal hemoglobin estimation can be taken as an important criterion for evaluation of gestational age.
The physical characteristics and anthropometric measurements among different gestational age of newborn infants
Authors: Roy Santosh Kumar , Shrivastava Ajit Kumar , Choudhary Prema Ram
Published: February 2021

Background: Prematurity or short gestational age is associated with increased neonatal mortality and morbidity. In low income or developing countries precise gestational age is still frequently not known and making the identification of premature newborns is not easy. The aim of this study was to investigate the physical characteristics and anthropometric measurements to estimate gestational age of newborn infants.Methods: In a cross-sectional study, we included 90 pregnant women, 27 were preterm with gestational age 28-36 weeks, 55 were term with gestational age 37-41 weeks and remaining 8 were post term with gestational age 42-43 weeks. After normal delivery the physical characteristics and anthropometric measurements were recorded in all 90 singleton live newborns. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS windows version 20.0 software.Results: The physical characteristics namely sole creases, ear firmness, skin texture, skull firmness, hair texture and anterior Fontenelle were well developed in term and post term newborns as compared pre term newborns babies. All the anthropometric measurements such as length of infants, birth weight, head circumference, chest circumference and crown rump length were significantly higher in newborns of post term (p<0.0001) and term (p<0.001) groups as compared to newborns in preterm group.Conclusions: It is concluded from this study that the physical characteristics and anthropometric measurements in generally have increased with the advancement of gestational age. Hence, physical characteristics and anthropometric measurement can be used to estimate the gestational age of newborn babies.
A VISIBILIDADE DA CRÍTICA FEMINISTA AMERICANA NO SÉCULO XX: APONTAMENTOS SOBRE TEXTOS DE KATE MILLET E ELAINE SHOWALTER
Authors: Souza Rafael Zeferino de
Published: February 2021

No século XX, estudos sobre a mulher ganha destaque em várias áreas do conhecimento e, não foi diferente com a Literatura, pois esta tornou-se tema em diversos trabalhos acadêmicos. Tendo isto em vista, esse artigo abordará as principais características das obras de Kate Millet, Política Sexual e de Elaine Showalter, A crítica feminista no território selvagem, pois são duas das obras que emergem os primeiros estudos sobre a Crítica Feminista.