bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Umbilical Artery Cord Blood Glucose Predicted hypoglycemia in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Other at-risk Newborns
Authors: Wang Yuan , Liu Huahua , Zhang Leilei , Wang Xin , Wang Mingbo , Chen Zhifang , Zhang Feng
Published: October 2022

Backgrounds: To explore the value of umbilical artery cord blood glucose (UACBG) in predicting hypoglycemia in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and other at-risk newborns, and to provide a cut-off UACBG value for predicting hypoglycemia occurrence.
Methods: In this prospective study, we enrolled at-risk infants delivered vaginally, including neonates born to mothers with GDM, premature, macrosomia, and low birth weight. We separated the infants into GDM group and other at-risk group. All subjects underwent UACBG measurement during delivery. Neonatal peripheral blood glucose measurement was performed at 0.5 hand 2 h after birth. The predictive performance of UACBGfor neonatal hypoglycemia was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), area under curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity.
Results: 916 newborns were included, 538 in GDM group and 378 in other at-risk group. For hypoglycemia prediction within 2 h, the best cut-off of UACBG was 4.150 mmol/L, yielding an AUC of 0.688 (95% CI 0.625-0.751). UACBG had a better performance at 0.5 h (AUC 0.757; 95% CI 0.690-0.824). In detail, the AUC was 0.703 in GDM group (95% CI 0.594-0.811), with the optimal cut-off of 4.550 mmol/L. In other at-risk group, the AUC was 0.797（95% CI 0.716-0.877), and the best threshold was 4.350 mmol/L. No significant differences were observed between GDM group and other at-risk group in AUC at 0.5 h, 2 h and within 2 h.
Conclusions: UACBG may be an efficient, non-invasive approach to predicting neonatal hypoglycemia within 2 h after birth.
Orthotropic Hygroscopic Behavior of Mass Timber: Theory, Computation, and Experimental Validation
Authors: Tong Danyang , Brown Susan-Alexis , Yin Hao , Corr David , Landis Eric , Luzio Giovanni Di , Cusatis Gianluca
Published: October 2022

Recent rapid improvements in laminated timber technology has led to the increased use of of wood in both mid- and high-rise construction, generally posed as a more carbon friendly alternative to concrete. However, wood is significantly more sensitive to changes in relative humidity than concrete, which may impact the sustainability and durability of mass timber buildings. Moisture cycling in particular affects not only shrinkage and swelling but also strongly influences wood creep. This sensitivity is of high concern for engineered wood used in mass timber buildings. At the same time, wood, considered as an orthotropic material, exhibits varying diffusivity in all three directions, complicating efforts to characterize its behavior. In this work, an orthotropic hygroscopic model was developed for use in laminated timber. A species database for wood sorption isotherm was created and an existing model was used to fit species-based parameters. Diffusion behavior which considers the sorption isotherm was modeled through numerical simulations, and species-dependent orthotropic diffusion parameters were identified. A database of permeability in all directions for various species was created. The resulting model is able to predict diffusion behavior in glulam and cross laminated timber (CLT) for multiple species of the lab tests. The model also predicts the moisture ranges for a CLT panel under environmental change with parameters from these sorption isotherm and diffusion databases.
Traces of introgression from cAus into tropical Japonica observed in African upland rice varieties
Authors: Beye Abdoulaye , Billot Claire , Ronfort Joëlle , Diouf Diaga , Glaszmann Jean Christophe
Published: October 2022

Background
Asian rice Oryza sativa, first domesticated in China, is having considerable success in African fields. While the timing and location of this introduction remain unclear, rice of Asian origin may have evolved specifically during and after migration to Africa, resulting in unique adaptations, particularly in relation to upland cultivation as frequently practiced in Africa.
Methods
We investigated the genetic differentiation between Asian and African varieties using the 3000 Rice Genomes SNP dataset. African upland cultivars were first characterized using principal component analysis among 292 tropical Japonica accessions of both origins, revealing higher similarity with accessions from Indonesia and Madagascar. Peculiarities of African accessions were then explored using two inference techniques, PCA-KDE for supervised classification and chromosome painting, and ELAI for individual allelic dosage monitoring.
Key results
Ambiguities of local differentiation between Japonica and other groups pointed at genomic segments that potentially resulted from genetic exchange. Those specific to West African upland accessions were concentrated on chromosome 6 and featured several cAus introgression signals, including a large one between 17.9 and 21.7 Mb. We found iHS statistics in support of positive selection in this region and we provide a list of candidate genes enriched in GO terms for this adaptation to harsh upland cultivation conditions.
Precise control of liposome size using characteristic time depends on solvent type and membrane properties
Authors: Choi Sunghak , Kang Bong Su , Yang Eunhye , Kim Kee Sung , Kwak Moon Kyu , Chang Pahn-Shick , Jung Hosup
Published: October 2022

Controlling the sizes of liposomes is critical in drug delivery systems because it directly influences their cellular uptake, transportation, and accumulation behavior. Although hydrodynamic focusing has frequently been employed when synthesizing nano-sized liposomes, little is known regarding how flow characteristics determine liposome formation. Here, various sizes of homogeneous liposomes (50–400 nm) were prepared according to flow rate ratios in two solvents, ethanol, and isopropyl alcohol (IPA). Relatively small liposomes formed in ethanol due to its low viscosity and high diffusivity, whereas larger, more poly-dispersed liposomes formed when using IPA as a solvent. This difference was investigated via numerical simulations using the characteristic time factor to predict the liposome size; this approach was also used to examine the flow characteristics inside the microfluidic channel. In case of the liposomes, the membrane rigidity also has a critical role in determining their size. The addition of cholesterol enhanced membrane properties such that the liposome size increased (40–530 nm). However, the interposition of short-chain lipids de-aligned the bilayer membrane, leading to its degradation; this decreased the liposome size. Adding short-chain lipids linearly decreased the liposome size (130–230 nm), but at a shallower gradient than that of cholesterol. This analytical study expands the understanding of microfluidic environment in the liposome synthesis by offering design parameters and their relation to the size of liposomes.
Reducing Emissions using Renewable Sources for Electricity Generation in Stewart Island
Authors: Nasab Navid Majdi , Kilby Jeff , Bakhtiaryfard Leila
Published: October 2022

This paper evaluates supply to coastal communities that are isolated from a main supply grid compared to current used diesel station. The case study is Stewart Island, where the electricity is provided by a distribution network powered by up to five diesel generators at a central diesel power station. Local residents believe that reducing the consumption of diesel and having a renewable source of electricity generation are two of the island’s highest priorities. Merging a tidal energy source (predictable) with wind (unpredictable) and diesel (back-up), through a microgrid, may be a way to increase reliability and decrease the amount of pollutants. Using two wind and four tidal turbines, plus one diesel generator for back-up, is the best design in terms of lower greenhouse gas emissions, higher renewable fraction, and reduced net present cost. This configuration is simulated and compared with diesel generators system using HOMER PROro software. The results enable to analyse the amount of emissions for both scenarios.
Additions to the morphology of the Cucumariidae. I. Intraspecific variation of the retractor muscle in Parathyone braziliensis (Verrill, 1868) and Thyonidium seguroensis (Deichmann, 1930) (Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida)
Authors: Martins Luciana , Tavares Marcos
Published: October 2022

Intraspecific variation of the gross morphology of the retractor muscle was studied in 60 specimens of Parathyone braziliensis and 17 specimens of Thyonidium seguroensis. Specimens were dissected to expose the retractor muscle or were analyzed by micro-computed tomography. Early expectations that the point of origin of the retractor muscle at the longitudinal muscle relative to the midpoint of the body length was age-related and that the split of the retractor muscle into separate muscle bands could be used as taxonomic characters to separate species were not supported by anatomical evidence.
Construction and validation of a necroptosis-related gene signature associated with the tumor microenvironment in melanoma
Authors: Huang Jie , Lao Jianle , Lai Hongyi , Tan Zhen , Qin Wentao
Published: October 2022

Background
Although carcinogenesis, cancer metastasis, and immunology are all closely related to necroptosis, research is still insufficient to pinpoint the precise function of necroptosis-related genes (NPRGs) in melanoma.
Methods
The training cohort included melanoma patient samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and the validation cohort included melanoma patient samples from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (GSE65904). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used in the training cohort to construct prognostic signatures based on six NPRGs. Patients were split into groups with high and low risk. The Kaplan-Meier method compared the various risk groups' overall survival (OS). Utilizing Cox regression, the effect of their clinicopathological characteristics and risk scores on survival was assessed. The CIBERSORT method was used to evaluate the immunological microenvironment. The relationship between clinical features, levels of checkpoint gene expression, and risk scores were examined using correlation analysis. The GEPIA2 database and immunohistochemistry were used to confirm the gene expression of six NPRGs (IHC).
Results
The prognostic signature of the NPRGs predicted a worse OS in the high-risk group, and the test cohort corroborated this prediction. In patients with melanoma, risk scores also independently predicted survival outcomes. Significant differences existed between the various risk groups in the immune microenvironment and the expression of checkpoint genes. Necroptosis score revealed a substantial positive link with natural killer cells and M2 macrophages and a significant negative correlation with T-cell and B-cell infiltration. In the high-risk group, several immune checkpoint genes displayed low levels of expression. The results of the IHC investigation were in agreement with the expression of NPRGs from GEPIA2.
Conclusion
In melanoma patients, the prognostic signature linked to NPRGs can be employed as novel prognostic predictors of prognosis and the immune microenvironment.
Carbon Nanotubes Encapsulated Transition Metals for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction: Coupling Effect of 3d Orbital and π-Bond
Authors: Han Yun , Mao Xin , Yan Xuecheng , Wu Qilong , Xu Hongzhe , Fang Qingchao , Jia Yi , Yao Xiangdong , Li Qin , Du Aijun
Published: October 2022

Carbon materials are widely used in various industrial applications due to their outstanding stability and robustness in diverse structures, yet it remains a revolutionary and challenging task in activating carbon materials for efficient and low-cost catalysis. Herein, inspired by the successful experimental studies, we for the first-time exploited carbon nanotubes encapsulated transition metal atoms (TM@CNT) for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The Gibbs free energy of H-C bond on pristine CNTs is too positive, which prevents the adsorption of H atoms. However, TM@CNT (TM = Fe, Co, Ni) has superior HER performance than that of the widely recognized Pt and MoS2 catalysts, benefiting from disruption of the π conjunctions and activation of the stable sp2 hybridizations between carbon atoms in CNTs. A set of metal-free catalytic surfaces with high HER activity have been developed. Meanwhile, the HER performance of graphene nanosheets loaded on the most ubiquitous facet (111) of transition metals (TM@G, TM = Fe, Co, Ni) also be calculated. However, TM@G shows lower HER activity than that of the TM@CNT, which is attributed to the large curvature of CNTs. These new findings manifest a universal strategy for carbon materials activation that will inspire the rational design of carbon-based electrocatalysts for efficient water splitting.
Atmospheric cold plasma technology for meat industry: A bibliometric review
Authors: Vukić M. , Vujadinović D. , Smiljanić M. , Gojković–Cvjetković V.
Published: October 2022

Atmospheric cold plasma is an innovative, non-thermal technology. It has shown promising results for a broad range of food processing applications. On the basis of those facts, it has prompted growing attention in the scientific community. This paper reviews the literature generation trends surrounding the atmospheric cold plasma technology. A bibliometric analysis was carried out to objectively and analytically uncover the knowledge development in the atmospheric cold plasma technology within the context of meat processing. The research began with querying the Dimensions database for scientific articles published over the past two decades. A total of 105 papers were published during this period. The articles were examined according to several bibliometric metrics such as the year of publication, countries, institutions, sources, authors, and keywords frequency. The results of the bibliometric analysis revealed that researchers are very interested in studying the interface of the atmospheric cold plasma technology and meat processing. In the last couple of years, the number of publications on the topic has been growing. This is the first bibliometric investigation of the atmospheric cold plasma technology in the context of meat processing. To the authors’ best knowledge, no similar analysis has been performed before. This paper provides researchers with a better understanding of topic developments. A better understanding can aid future research by closing present knowledge gaps. Hence, the paper provides the continuation of up-to-date technological discussions among researchers.
Trophological approach in the development of nutrition theories
Authors: Dydykin A. S. , Zamula V. S. , Kuzlyakina Yu. A. , Kryuchenko E. V.
Published: October 2022

This article presents a trophological approach to the development of nutrition. The evolution of human views on nutrition from antiquity to the present time, including issues of perfect nutrition, is considered. The main concepts of nutrition theories are formulated. The systematized reasoning is useful for new rationale for solutions of challenges related to optimization of nutrition. Within the scope of the development of nutrition theories, the problem of perfect food plays a special role. The article presents a modern vision of perfect nutrition. The designing of trophological nutrition algorithm is based on scientific approaches that both to justify the correct consumption of food products, and also define the most reasonable way of their production, storage, distribution and disposal of food waste. The implementation of the trophological approach in theories of nutrition is also reflected in the concept of the state policy of the Russian Federation in the field of healthy nutrition among the population. This topic is also relevant in light of the sharp increase of food allergies among the various groups of population, because people who suffer from food allergies must follow a special diet to prevent the risk of allergic reactions, which can be managed using a nutritional approach.
Big data, oriented-organizational culture, and business performance: A socio-technical approach
Authors: Aseeri Maher , Kang Kyeong
Published: October 2022

This paper experimentally examines the impact of oriented-organizational culture that could support big data analytics (BDA) in higher education institutions (HEIs) in Saudi Arabia. Specifically, this study analyzed the effect of oriented-organizational culture (OC) on big data tasks (BDTs) toward improving decision-making (DM) and organization performance (OP). The study hinged on the theory of socio-technical systems to investigate BDA elements in higher education decision-making in Saudi Arabia. The analysis was conducted using a quantitative survey research design where data were collected from 270 IT staff working in Saudi Arabian HEIs using Qualtrics. PLS-SEM was applied to validate the research data and explore the relationship between the proposed hypotheses. The findings show that oriented-organizational culture positively affected big data tasks, i.e., storing, analyzing, and visualizing. Similarly, oriented-organizational culture positively affects improving decision-making by top management in Saudi Arabian universities. OC also positively influences the performance of Saudi Arabian universities. Improving decision-making by top management has a positive impact on enhancing the overall university’s performance. However, big data tasks, i.e., storing, analyzing, and visualizing, negatively affect improving decision-making by top management in Saudi Arabian HEIs. One of the study limitations is the small sample size; future studies should include private and public universities to alter the expected outcomes. Additional technological elements, such as IT infrastructure at Saudi Arabia’s private and public HEIs, are recommended to be considered in future studies to establish the competence of respective IT infrastructure.
AcknowledgmentThe authors wish to thank the Problems and Perspectives in Management Journal editors for their valuable time and assistance in improving the manuscript.
Effect of ultrasonic vibration characteristics on mechanical properties of stainless steel laser weld
Authors: Song Hui , Chen Jitao , Song Haiyan
Published: October 2022

The laser welding efficiency of stainless steel is high, but the welding quality is still insufficient. In order to improve the welding performance of stainless steel, a controllable ultrasonic laser welding system was designed in the paper. Through numerical simulation and experimental test, the influences of ultrasonic vibration on the mechanical properties of weld were obtained. For the simulation study, the sound vibration coupling scheme was applied to the welding model. The closed environment model was established, and the characteristic frequency and sound pressure distribution of ultrasonic were simulated and analyzed by COMSOL software. In the aspect of performance test, through the real-time monitoring of the welding system, the effect of ultrasonic on the molten pool area, molten pool flow rate and metal vapor pressure is obtained. Under different ultrasonic excitation frequencies, the changes of weld microstructure, wear morphology, hardness and oxidation were studied. The results show that ultrasonic vibration can significantly improve the wear resistance, hardness and corrosion resistance of stainless steel welds. The ultrasonic energy efficiency at the second-order characteristic frequency is higher, the flow rate in the molten pool is low, and the joint quality is better.
Generalization of the selfish parking problem
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Ananjevskii Sergey M. , Chen Alexander P. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: October 2022

The work is devoted to the study of a new model of random filling of a segment of large length with intervals of smaller length. Two new formulations of the problem are considered. In the first case, a model is considered in which unit intervals are placed on the segment in such a way that with each next placement of the interval next to the left or right, there should be a free space of length not less than a pre-fixed value. The second model is such that intervals of length 2 are randomly placed and no two intervals should be adjacent. In both cases, the behavior of the average number of located intervals depending on the length of the filled segment is investigated.
Time distribution from zero up to beginning of the final stop of semi-Markov diffusion process on interval with unattainable boundaries
Authors:   Institute for Problems in Mechanical Engineering of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Harlamov Boris P. , Rasov Sofia S. ,   Institute for Problems in Mechanical Engineering of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: October 2022

A one-dimensional process with continuous trajectories on non-negative semi-axis is considered. The process has the Markov property with respect to the first exit time from any open interval (semi-Markov process). This process is called to be diffusion if probability for its first exit point from any symmetric neighborhood of its initial point across any boundary tends to 1/2 as length of this neighborhood tends to zero. Time distribution from zero up to beginning of the final interval of constancy is investigated. This distribution depends on semi-Markov transition generating functions of the process. Representation for Laplace transform of this distribution is obtained in an integral form. The integrand of this representation explains sense of quadratic members of Tailor decomposition of a semi-Markov transition generating function by powers of diameter of symmetric neighborhood of the process initial point. Namely trajectory of the process has no any final interval of constancy if and only if coefficient of such a quadratic member is equal to zero.
The problem of motion of a rigid body with a fixed point in a flow of particles
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kuleshov Alexander S. , Gadzhiev Maxim M. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: October 2022

The problem of motion of a rigid body with a fixed point in a free molecular flow of particles is considered. It is shown that the equations of motion of the body generalize the classical Euler - Poisson equations of motion of a heavy rigid body with a fixed point and they are represented in the form of the classical Euler - Poisson equations in the case, when the surface of the body in a flow of particles is a sphere. Problems of the existence of first integrals in the considered system are discussed.
Performance analysis of tubular solar still with different water depths on corrugated and flat absorbers
Authors: Prasad Arani Rajendra , Sathyamurthy Ravishankar , Kabeel Abd Elnaby , Thakur Amrit Kumar
Published: October 2022

One of the biggest impediments in solar distillation is the lower fresh water yield. In the present study, the effect of water depth on the thermal performance of tubular solar still (TSS) with v-corrugated and flat absorbers has been analyzed experimentally and optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM) technique. Experimental results showed that the water temperature of TSS using a v-corrugated absorber is improved by increasing the surface area of water. The peak temperature of water from the TSS using corrugated fins is improved by about 7.54, 7.12, and 3.77% than the TSS with a flat absorber for water depths of 5, 10, and 15 mm, respectively. The average temperature difference between water and cover is improved by about 53.19, 64.28, and 112.90% for water depths of 5, 10, and 15 mm using the TSS with a corrugated absorber rather than a flat absorber. The influence of water depth on cumulative yield using 5, 10, and 15 mm in the v-corrugated absorber is recorded as 4.35, 3.86, and 3.83 kg, and it is higher by about 108.13, 128.40, and 216.52% compared to the cumulative yield of TSS with a flat absorber, respectively.
Impact of water characteristics on UV disinfection of unfiltered water
Authors: Soleimanpour Makuei Mehrnaz , Ketabchi Faezeh , Peleato Nicolas
Published: October 2022

The objective of this study was to examine the impact of unfiltered water conditions on UV disinfection. UV biodosimetry tests were conducted over a year using water samples from two treatment plants that apply UV without filtration. The influence of turbidity, absorbance, and zeta potential on UV dose–response curves was analyzed to evaluate relationships between unfiltered water quality and log-inactivation of surrogate organisms. It was observed that diminishing inactivation with increasing UV dose (tailing effect) was governed principally by the surface charge of particulate matter. The increased tailing level observed in raw waters was postulated to be due to having more neutral surface charges, resulting in elevated electrostatic attraction between particles and microorganisms that increased UV resistance. Inactivation at a dose of 35 mJ/cm2 in water samples with low turbidity levels (0.38 NTU) and relatively negative surface charge resulted in 3.0 log-removal in comparison with 2.2 and 2.0 log-removal for samples with turbidity levels of 1.57 and 0.61 NTU, respectively. The results of this study highlight the risks of UV disinfection of unfiltered supplies with respect to the effects of water quality characteristics on UV effectiveness and could be employed to optimize the estimation of UV disinfection potential.
CINEMA AESTHETICS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE SYNTHESIS OF DIFFERENT BRANCHES OF ART
Authors: Masliakova Anna Ivanovna
Published: October 2022

The article is devoted to complex research of cinematography and its aesthetic peculiarities. The author draws our attention to cinematic art analyses concrete examples.
Distance learning: the next step
Authors: Popov Konstantin Alekseevich
Published: October 2022

The article discusses development of the idea of distance learning, related to the selection from the number of posted on the Internet educational resources learning systems around which educational online communities are formed.
Artificial ventilation as a risk factor causing hospital-acquired pneumonia (hap) in patients treated in the intensive care unit of a cardiac surgery hospital
Authors:   Perm State Medical University named after Academician E.A. Wagner, 26 Petropavlovskaya Str., Perm, 614990, Russian Federation, Sergevnin V.I. , Kudryavtseva L.G. ,   S.G. Sukhanov’s Federal Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, 35 Marshala Zhukova Str., Perm, 614013, Russian Federation, Lazarkov P.V. ,   Perm State Medical University named after Academician E.A. Wagner, 26 Petropavlovskaya Str., Perm, 614990, Russian Federation,   S.G. Sukhanov’s Federal Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, 35 Marshala Zhukova Str., Perm, 614013, Russian Federation
Published: October 2022

Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) is the most common purulent septic infection among patients treated in intensive care units (ICUs) at cardiac surgery hospitals. Risk factors that can cause HAP, in particular, contribution made by artificial ventilation (AV) have not been studied enough. Our objective was to examine an epidemiological role played by AV in HAP occurrence among children and adults treated in the intensive care unit at a cardiac surgery hospital. We examined health records of 5318 patients (503 children and 4815 adults) who had a cardiac surgery due to congenital heart diseases or acquired cardiovascular disorders over 1 year. HAP was identified according to the epidemiological standards for case definition. Besides, we took into account pre-nosologic HAP cases, that is, patients already having certain pathological symptoms typical for purulent septic infections, but still, even combined, these symptoms were not enough to diagnose a typical HAP case in accordance with the standard case definition. Data were statistically analyzed by calculating the χ2 goodness-of-fit test. We established that most HAP cases occurred among patients of a cardiac surgery hospital who were being treated in the intensive care unit after a surgery. We proved AV to be the leading risk factor causing HAP. Higher incidence rates of HAP were detected among children in comparison with adults. We showed that Klebsiella pneumoniaе was the primary infectious agent that caused HAP. Particularly, background respiratory diseases and diseases of the central nervous system were proven to be endogenous risk factors of developing HAP among patients treated in the ICU at a cardiac surgery hospital.
Methodical approaches to assessing subjective health risk perception by population under exposure to ambient air pollution
Authors:   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, 82 Monastyrskaya Str., Perm, 6140045, Russian Federation, Barg А.О. ,   Perm State National Research University, 15 Bukireva Str., Perm, 614990, Russian Federation, Lebedeva-Nesevrya N.А. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, 82 Monastyrskaya Str., Perm, 6140045, Russian Federation,   Perm State National Research University, 15 Bukireva Str., Perm, 614990, Russian Federation, Kornilitsyna М.D. ,   Perm State National Research University, 15 Bukireva Str., Perm, 614990, Russian Federation
Published: October 2022

There is a growing demand by the civil society for relevant information on the environment quality and related health risks. The state should be able to satisfy this demand and this makes the present research truly vital. It concentrates on correlating expert and non-expert opinions expressed when perceiving risk quantification. Our goal was to answer two following questions: 1) How does an average unprofessional person quantify a probability and severity when he or she hears certain verbal expressions that denominate them? 2) How can we possibly identify the assessment of health risks associated with environmental pollution factors given by the population in general or specific social groups? To find answers to these questions, we applied quantitative methods for data collection and analysis. The first stage involved collecting data on subjective correlation of a verbal probability scale with its numeric expression among people living in industrial cities. The second stage focused on testing the methodology for studying assessments of health risks associated with ambient air pollution given by the population/social groups. This methodology relied on the results obtained at the previous stage. We established that only 70 % of people actually correlated words with figures. We determined that experts tended to rate probabilities approximately by 10 % higher than “average people” did when it came down to such words as “Virtually certain” and “Very likely”. Such words as “Likely”, “Similarly likely” and “Unlikely” were also rated differently but with a smaller gap between the opinions. The study also provides a method for determining the public assessment of health associated with ambient air pollution. The research results give an opportunity to solve a practical task related to informing the population about health risks and to overcome a so-called language barrier between experts and ordinary people. For example, messages aimed for decision-makers can be adapted considering all the identified perception peculiarities.
Knowledge and Awareness of Oral Mucosal Diseases Among Saudi Dentists
Authors: Alharbi Shahad , Aboalela Ali
Published: October 2022

Background:

Oral mucocutaneous lesions have a significant impact on patient care. Late diagnosis of oral lesions may affect patients' quality of life and prognosis. Dentists are usually the first to encounter such lesions, and many studies have explored the knowledge and management related to oral cancer. However, not many studies have examined a more comprehensive understanding and management of oral lesions, including infectious and autoimmune/immune-mediated diseases.

Aims:

This study aimed at evaluating dentists’ knowledge and referral patterns regarding oral mucocutaneous diseases.

Methods:

A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate dentists’ knowledge about oral mucocutaneous diseases and referral patterns among Saudi dentists. A total of 301 participants were included in the study. It was voluntary and written informed consent was obtained from the participants. A Chi-square test was used to compare the categorical variables. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

A total of 301 participants responded. Significant differences were observed between genders when asked about being comfortable with treating oral mucosal lesions in their practice (p-value: .019), and males were more convenient than females. A significant difference (p-value: .011) was observed between different educational levels when the participants were asked about the management of patients with oral mucosal lesions. Overall, the majority of participants rarely or never managed oral lesions. When comparing the different groups of participants, postgraduate residents responded more accurately (p-value: 007). Approximately 60% of all participants did not or rarely managed oral lesions in their practice.

Conclusion:

It was found that there was a lack of knowledge among dentists regarding the detection and treatment of oral mucosal lesions. This lack of knowledge can lead to unfavorable patient care and prognosis outcomes.
Components of the Effectiveness of Endodontic Treatment Based on Long-term X-ray Criteria
Authors: Kobryn Nataliya , Hereliuk Vitalii
Published: October 2022

The objective of the research was to determine the effectiveness of obturation of the root canals and crown part of the teeth, and to identify the most important factors influencing its results, based on the X-ray examination.

Materials and methods: The study was conducted at the Dental Center (University Clinic, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University). Evaluation of 140 orthopantomograms, computed tomograms and digital intraoral images of patient, aged 18-68 years with endodontically treated teeth, was made with the aim to determine the obturation state of root canals and the state of periodontal tissues. The radiological picture of 579 teeth and 1120 roots in particular was evaluated.

Results: the state of apical constriction, the state of obturation of root canals, sealing conditions of coronal part of the tooth, the state of periodontal tissues were analyzed, compared and discussed.

Conclusions: According to the results obtained in this study, the relationships between the presence of periapical changes and state of apical constructions, obturation level of filling material in roots canals, coronal leakage, and periodontal tissue changes were found.

Keywords: periapical changes, endodontic treatment, coronal leakage, x-ray examination
Clinical Case of Lymphomatoid Papulosis
Authors: Tkach Vasyl , Aleksandruk Oleksandr , Voloshynovych Marian , Girnyk Galyna , Kostyshyn Ivan , Kozak Nataliia
Published: October 2022

Lymphomatoid papulosis is a rare skin disease. The incidence averages 1.5 cases per 1 million population. It is the most common in adults around the age of 40. It was previously considered as paraneoplastic dermatosis, but recent studies have confirmed that lymphomatoid papulosis is a primary CD30 + T-lymphoma of the skin. Despite the aggressive morphological features, it is benign. The disease is characterized by a tendency to spontaneous regression. Typically, skin lesions last 3-12 weeks, although in some severe cases they may last longer. Skin lesions may disappear or recur over decades. Patients require observation because a second lymphoproliferative disease develops in 10-40% of patients.

          A case of lymphomatoid papulosis in a patient with diffuse astrocytoma is presented. The patient was treated with systemic retinoids. The results of differential diagnosis and additional research methods, including dermoscopy, are given. Although the use of dermoscopy was not crucial, the results of the research showed microscopic visual differences between the elements of the rash, depending on the stage of the disease. The picture was mostly typical, however, spots formed by the areas of central erythema on the background of light brown areas, with a predominance of the reticular vessels pattern were also noted in addition to the rash elements on the hairy skull. Clarification of this feature requires further study.

          The purpose of our report is to draw the attention of dermatologists and family doctors to cases of rare dermatoses. The rareness of the disease, lack of knowledge on the clinical findings lead to diagnostic errors, “inadequate treatment”.
Therapeutic Doctors` Competency during the Providing Emergency Medical Care at the Scene
Authors: Maksymiak Mariana , Levchenko Valerii , Ovchar Anna , Svystun Ivanna , Khanenko Oleksandr
Published: October 2022

During the last years it has been observed the worldwide trend in regular creation, upgrading and implementation of emergency care protocols at the prehospital stage in the medical practice. The huge role is given to the methods of doctors` simulation preparedness in case of the emergency care at the scene. Modern doctors` preparedness requires practicing of the resuscitation in the simulation centers on the specific dummies or devices without the risk of making any harm to the patient, developing the ability to make quick and correct decision and conduct all necessary manipulations and interferences without any mistake. According to the professional literature, it is usually observed the lack of practical skills concerning the emergency care at the scene of an accident among therapeutic doctors`. Nowadays, one of the most important task undergraduate and postgraduate medical educations is the creation of simulation centers for quality training of highly qualified specialists, including emergency medical care.

The aim of given investigation is the evaluation of the professional therapeutic doctors` competency in providing emergency medical care at the scene in accordance to the latest recommendations of the European Resuscitation Council (2021) and American Heart Association (2020). According to tests conducted in the 2017-2018s among therapeutic doctors about their abilities of the resuscitation conducting, it was revealed that only 52% were able to diagnose the state of clinical death; 63% - were able to perform chest compression; 15% were able to provide opening of airways; extremely low was the numbers of those who were able to use AED and ventilation – 5% and 9% correspondently. Therefore, one of the key tasks of the modern medical simulative education is to prepare therapeutic doctors to be able to perform emergency resuscitation at the scene.

Key words. Simulative medicine, emergency medical care, the scene of an accident, therapeutic doctors.
Using Digital Communication Technology to Improve Neonatal Care: Two-Part Explorative Needs Assessment
Authors: Tenfelde Kim , Antheunis Marjolijn , Krahmer Emiel , Bunt Jan Erik
Published: October 2022

Background

The birth of a premature infant and subsequent hospitalization are stressful events for parents. Therefore, accurate and easy-to-understand communication between parents and health care professionals is crucial during this period. Mobile health (mHealth) technologies have the potential to improve communication with parents at any time and place and possibly reduce their stress.

Objective

We aimed to conduct a 2-part explorative needs assessment in which the interaction between the pediatrician and parents was examined along with their digital communication technology needs and interest in an mHealth app with the aim of improving interpersonal communication and information exchange.

Methods

Overall, 19 consultations between parents of preterm infants and pediatricians were observed to determine which themes are discussed the most and the number of questions asked. Afterward, the parents and the pediatrician were interviewed to evaluate the process of communication and gauge their ideas about a neonatal communication mHealth app.

Results

The observations revealed the following most prevalent themes: breastfeeding, criteria for discharge, medication, and parents’ personal life. Interview data showed that the parents were satisfied with the communication with their pediatrician. Furthermore, both parents and pediatricians expected that a neonatal mHealth app could further improve the communication process and the hospital stay. Parents valued app features such as asking questions, growth graphs, a diary function, hospital-specific information, and medical rounds reports.

Conclusions

Both parents of hospitalized preterm infants and pediatricians expect that the hypothetical mHealth app has the potential to cater to the most prevalent themes and improve communication and information exchange. Recommendations for developing such an app and its possible features are also discussed. On the basis of these promising results, it is suggested to further develop and study the effects of the mHealth app together with all stakeholders.
The Relationship Between Physical Activity and Mobile Phone Addiction Among Adolescents and Young Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies
Authors: Xiao Wen , Wu Jinlong , Yip Joanne , Shi Qiuqiong , Peng Li , Lei Qiwen Emma , Ren Zhanbing
Published: October 2022

Background

Previous studies have reported a potential negative correlation between physical activity (PA) and mobile phone addiction (MPA) among adolescents and young adults. To date, the strength of this correlation has not been well characterized.

Objective

This review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize available empirical studies to examine the correlations between PA and MPA among adolescents and young adults. We also explored several potential moderators, including time of data collection, country or region, and type of population, associated with the relationship between PA and MPA.

Methods

Four electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Web of Science) were searched from database inception to March 2022 to identify relevant studies. The pooled Pearson correlation coefficients and their corresponding 95% CIs for the relationship between PA and MPA were calculated using the inverse variance method. The methodological quality of the included cross-sectional studies was determined based on the Joanna Briggs Institute appraisal checklist. The study conformed to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses) guidelines.

Results

In total, 892 relevant articles were identified, of which 22 were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The final meta-analysis included 17 of the 22 studies. Results of random effects modeling revealed a moderate correlation between PA and MPA among adolescents and young adults (summary r=–0.243, P<.001). Sensitivity and publication bias analyses further demonstrated the robustness of our results. All the included studies were scored as high quality with a low risk of bias. Subgroup analysis further indicated that none of the hypothesized moderators (time of data collection, country or region, and type of population) significantly affected the relationship between PA and MPA, as confirmed by the mixed effects analysis. In addition, in the data collection subgroups, medium effect sizes were obtained for data collected before COVID-19 (r=–0.333, P<.001) and data collected during COVID-19 (r=–0.207, P<.001). In subgroup analyses for country or region, the correlation coefficient for China and other developing regions showed a similarly moderate effect size (r=–0.201, P<.001 and r= –0.217, P<.001, respectively). However, the effect sizes for developed regions were not significant (r=–0.446, P=.39). In a subgroup analysis based on the type of population, we found that the effect size for young adults was moderate (r=–0.250, P<.001). However, that of adolescents was not significant (r=–0.129, P=.24).

Conclusions

Our results demonstrate a moderately negative relationship between PA and MPA among young adults. The strength of this relationship was not influenced by the time of data collection, country or region, or type of population.
Exploring the Effect of Offline Medical Resource Distribution on Online Doctor–Patient Interaction (Preprint)
Authors: Guo Shanshan , DANG Yuanyuan , Vogel Doug , She Bofei
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND

The relationship between online health communities (OHCs) and offline medical care is unclear, since both provide doctor–patient interaction services and channels. By taking the advantage of information and communication technology (ICT), OHCs have been widely used. However, some physical medical resources (such as hospital beds and medical devices) cannot be replicated through ICTs. Therefore, it is worth studying how offline medical resources affect doctor–patient interactions in OHCs and how OHCs help to solve the problem of resource scarcity in and the uneven distribution of traditional medical treatment.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to support that doctor–patient consultations in OHCs is influenced by the objective distribution of offline health care capital (accessibility and availability) and provide suggestions for how to allocate medical resources in practice through the judicious use of offline and online channels.

METHODS

This paper uses data from online doctor–patient telephone consultations and of offline medical resource distribution, by using empirical methods to demonstrate the accessibility and availability of medical resources will influence doctor–patient interactions in OHCs.

RESULTS

The empirical results support that the doctor-patient telephone consultation will be positively influenced by doctor’s online contribution (βcontribution=0.210, p<0.01) and capital availability (βbed=0.935，p<0.1), and interestingly, the spatial accessibility has an inverted U-shaped effect on it (βdistance=0.199，p<0.01 and βdistance2=-0.00449，p<0.05). Meanwhile, the robustness checks also demonstrate the reliability of our model. It is discussed that the use of OHCs is still constrained by offline medical resources, yet provides a channel for offline resources to flow from places with high availability to places with low availability.

CONCLUSIONS

The study explores the relationship between online and offline channels by investigating online doctor–patient interactions and offline medical resources. provides a theoretical and practical basis for understanding the interaction of online and offline channels of medical care.