bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Climate Change Study: Downscaling of Climatic Parameters and Their Assessment Over East Rathong Glacier of Eastern Himalayan Region
Authors: Aggarwal Anubha , Anbukumar S. , Mandal Anubha
Published: June 2023

In this study monthly Temperature Lapse Rates and basic downscaling technique of subtracting means are used to construct temperature (T) series over East Rathong glacier by using multiple data sets from Automatic Weather Stations (AWS) at Himalayan Mountaineering Institute (HMI), Gangtok Indian Meteorological Department (IMD), Yuksum and ERA5reanalysis data. Precipitation (P) over glacier is estimated using Gangtok IMD data and downscaled ERA5 data. The P data is downscaled using local scaling factor method. Change in volume of 0.180 km3 (from 1962 to 2020) estimated using satellite data are used to construct Mass Balance (MB) series for the glacier. It is observed that the glacier is losing its mass with increasing T, Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) (from 0.1 in 1980 to 0.2 in 2020), and increasing Pmainly during June-July-August months when temperatures are already high. This study is important as it used multiple data sets along with field data extracted from the literature to study climatic impacts on East Rathong glacier. Data generated from this study may be used in mass balance projection of the glaciers in the absence of field data.
Study of Palaeoclimate Reconstruction Using Sediments and Micropaleontology in the Karankadu Estuary, Ramanathapuram District, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Kongeswaran T. , Muthuramalingam R. , Sivakumar K. , Venkatramanan S. , Muruganantham A. , Bangaru Priyanga S. , Chandramohan S.
Published: June 2023

The study of sedimentary characteristics and paleontology is very useful in assessing the past environment of a study area. The Karankadu estuary study area is considered to be one of the most ecologically diverse in the Ramanathapuram district of southern India. The sedimentological and recent foraminiferal assemblages were studied using a drill core from the estuary. Foraminifera analyses, grain size analyses, heavy mineral analyses and XRD maps were prepared for the present study. A total of 30 species were identified from the following suborders: Rotalina, Lagenina, Mollusca, Miliolina, and Textularina. Grain size analysis identified the substrate as mostly silty clay. Heavy mineral analysis identified 90% of light minerals and 10% of heavy minerals. In XRD analysis, quartz and feldspar appeared as major minerals and garnet, zircon, hypersthene, magnetite and ilmenite as minor minerals. The present study shows that the environment is more diverse due to its quiet character and less responsive to hazardous events such as floods and waves.
Unraveling the Relationship Between Stubble Burning and Air Quality Degradation in Punjab: A Temporal and Spatial Analysis (2019-2022)
Authors: Gulati Bhavneet , Sharma Raghu , Kanga Shruti , Singh Suraj Kumar , Sajan Bhartendu , Meraj Gowhar , Kumar Pankaj , Ramanathan AL.
Published: June 2023

Stubble burning in Punjab, India, poses significant environmental challenges, particularly impacting air quality. This study aims to examine the spatial and temporal patterns of stubble burning events and their potential effect on ambient air quality from 2019 to 2022. High-resolution Sentinel-2 satellite imagery was employed to delineate the spatial extent of stubble burning. Burnt areas were identified using the Normalised Burn Ratio (NBR). Air quality was evaluated based on PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations data obtained from the Punjab Pollution Control Board. The Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) interpolation technique was used to estimate pollution values in areas lacking direct monitoring. The study revealed significant year-to-year variations in areas affected by stubble burning. The smallest burnt areas were recorded in October 2019 and 2021 (209 sq km), while the largest was in 2020 (755.38 sq km). In every year studied, the burnt area in November consistently exceeded that in October, with the largest area (10315 sq km) observed in 2021. PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations also showed annual fluctuations, with the highest recorded in 2020 and 2021. In particular, in October 2020, higher PM2.5 and PM10 levels were detected in the eastern region of Punjab. November consistently exhibited higher PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations than October for all years analysed, peaking in 2021. The spatial and temporal variations of stubble burning events and their relationship with air quality highlight the need for targeted interventions. Understanding these patterns is crucial for mitigating the adverse effects of stubble burning on air quality in Punjab, India. Future research should focus on evaluating the effectiveness of various mitigation strategies.
Evaluation of Fungal Diversity in High Altitude Soils in Different Temperature Conditions
Authors: Kumar Santosh , Das Rohit , Sharma Prayatna , Tamang Sonia , Ranjan Rakesh Kumar , Thakur Nagendra
Published: June 2023

Hot springs are like nature’s spas, which include warm and humid aquatic habitats that serve as a sanctuary for a diverse range of microorganisms, including bacteria, archaea, viruses, and eukaryotes fungi. Among these, fungi are one of the most important microorganisms, carrying out essential functions that often go unnoticed but are crucial in accelerating biological processes. These organisms have adapted to survive under a wide range of thermal conditions. While thermophilic fungi can withstand the scorching heat of deserts and hyper-saline conditions, other variants like mesophilic and psychrophilic fungi prefer more moderate and colder temperatures, respectively. The study employs shotgun metagenomic sequencing to obtain a fine-grained taxonomic classification of lesser-known species and microbial eukaryotes. This study aims to explore the relationship between fungal diversity and temperature in three distinct thermal zones; thermophilic (hot spring), mesophilic (plain field), and psychrophilic (semi-frigid zone) zones. The findings of our study demonstrated that there is a notable and positive association between the diversity of fungi and temperature, suggesting that temperature is a key factor in moulding fungal communities. However, it is important to note that further research is necessary to elucidate the underlying causal mechanisms of this relationship. Overall, our study adds to the knowledge of how environmental factors influence microbial diversity and can aid in the development of strategies for the conservation and management of fungal communities. Fungi are essential for many industrial applications, and their role in causing illnesses is also significant, making this research valuable for both scientific and practical purposes.
High-Performance Concrete compressive property prediction via deep hybrid learning
Authors: Chen Jilan
Published: June 2023

The vast usage of concrete made it the second most used material after water. This volume of concrete consumes an enormous number of natural sources and chronically enhances environmental pollution by CO2 emission. Cementitious supplementary materials such as fly ash and micro silica help decrease the usage of cohesive materials in the concrete and improve concrete’s properties, specifically compressive strength. In addition, due to being the by-product materials of other industries, applying these materials contribute to the decline of environmental pollution. On the other hand, fly ash and micro silica decrease the ratio of water to cement and increase the compressive strength (CS) of concrete. High-Performance Concrete (HPC) is one of the types of concrete used in dams, bridges, etc. In order to achieve the compressive strength of HPC, it is necessary to conduct laboratory tests, which are not economical in terms of time and cost. For this reason, in the present study, the prediction of the CS of the mentioned concrete can be done based on soft-based and artificial intelligence. Furthermore, various mixed designs of HPC, such as fly ash and silica fume coupled with different percentages of plasticizers, are considered the base dataset for developing the prediction models. Neural network-based model hybridized with antlion optimization algorithm and biography-based optimization algorithm developed for compressive strength estimation. The result showed that the AMLP-I model with R2 and RMSE values of 0.9879 and 1.9003 accurately predicted compressive strength and can be referred to as the most qualitative prediction model compared to the BMLP model.
Feature difference-aware graph neural network for telecommunication fraud detection
Authors: Wang Yahui , Chen Hongchang , Liu Shuxin , Li Xing , Hu Yuxiang
Published: June 2023

With the continuous escalation of telecommunication fraud modes, telecommunication fraud is becoming more and more concealed and disguised. Existing Graph Neural Networks (GNNs)-based fraud detection methods directly aggregate the neighbor features of target nodes as their own updated features, which preserves the commonality of neighbor features but ignores the differences with target nodes. This makes it difficult to effectively distinguish fraudulent users from normal users. To address this issue, a new model named Feature Difference-aware Graph Neural Network (FDAGNN) is proposed for detecting telecommunication fraud. FDAGNN first calculates the feature differences between target nodes and their neighbors, then adopts GAT method to aggregate these feature differences, and finally uses GRU approach to fuse the original features of target nodes and the aggregated feature differences as the updated features of target nodes. Extensive experiments on two real-world telecom datasets demonstrate that FDAGNN outperforms seven baseline methods in the majority of metrics, with a maximum improvement of about 5%.
Cross-Cultural Differences in Stigma Associated with Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: Karacan Ahmet Veli , Kibrit Sema Nur , Yekedüz Merve Koç , Doğulu Neslihan , Kayis Gorkem , Unutmaz Elif Yüsra , Abali Talha , Eminoğlu F. Tuba , Akbostancı M. Cenk , Yilmaz Rezzak
Published: June 2023

Background:

Stigma is an important social attitude affecting the quality of life (QoL) of people with Parkinson’s disease (PwP, PD) as individuals within society.

Objective:

This systematic review aimed to 1) identify the factors associated with stigma in PD and 2) demonstrate culture-based diversity in the stigmatization of PwP. We also reported data from the Turkish PwP, which is an underrepresented population.

Methods:

Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, a literature search of the PubMed/Medline electronic database was performed covering the last 26 years. Articles on self-perceived stigma in PD with a sample size >  20 and quantitative results were included. Data were extracted by independent reviewers.

Results:

After screening 163 articles, 57 were eligible for review, most of which were from Europe or Asia. Only two studies have been conducted in South America. No study from Africa was found. Among the 61 factors associated with stigma, disease duration, sex, and age were most frequently studied. A comparison of the investigated factors across the world showed that, while the effect of motor impairment or treatment on stigma seems to be culture-free, the impact of sex, education, marriage, employment, cognitive impairment, and anxiety on stigma may depend on culture.

Conclusion:

The majority of the world’s PD population is underrepresented or unrepresented, and culture may influence the perception of stigma in PwP. More diverse data are urgently needed to understand and relieve the challenges of PwP within their society.
Monotone Data Modelling Using Rational Cubic Fractal Interpolation Function
Authors: Arooj Tayba , Ibraheem Farheen , Hussain Malik Zawwar
Published: June 2023

Geometric modelling of several intricate and complex structures such as trees, mountains, clouds, ferns, geographic topography, and coastlines is challenging in computer graphics. Traditional splines such astrigonometric, polynomial, exponential, and rational fail to simulate this significant class of complex structures, which are highly irregular in nature. For this purpose, this research develops a novel cutting-edgemethod for synthesizing and modelling structures. The proposed technique; C 1 fractal interpolation function (FIF) builds an iterated function system (IFS) by integrating fractal calculus and rational cubic polynomial functions. Appropriate conditions on scaling and shape parameters are derived to help maintain the inherited shape qualities of the data. Experiments in numerous scientific domains, such as the pharmaceutical and chemical industries have been presented as an example, to confirm the usefulness of the suggested model. Moreover, the graphic results demonstrated that the developed monotone hybrid model (MHM) offers a heterogeneous method for gathering data with a monotone structure.
Study of the effect of silicate fillers on the structural and rheological properties of acrylic dispersions
Authors:   Kharkiv National University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Saienko N.V. , Bikov R.O. , Demidov D.V. , Skripinets A.V. , Obizhenko T.M.
Published: June 2023

This work reports the rheological properties of an acrylic aqueous dispersion filled with hollow aluminosilicate microspheres and highly dispersed amorphous silicon dioxide studied by using rotational viscometry. It was established that an increase in the degree of filling with hollow microspheres leads to a significant increase in the viscosity of the aqueous dispersion, which results in technological difficulties when applying coatings to the surface. The introduction of a small amount of silicon dioxide additive leads to a decrease in the structural strength and effective viscosity of the aqueous dispersion of the acrylic copolymer, which allows significantly reducing the viscosity and regulating the rheological characteristics of highly filled systems, which is decisive in the technology of their application. The combination of such fillers as silicon dioxide and hollow aluminosilicate microspheres in an aqueous dispersion of an acrylic copolymer allows simultaneously reaching a number of positive phenomena: a reduction in the viscosity of the material during application (without dilution) due to the use of high shear rates and an increase in the rate of dispersion structuring after application, and also allows achieving sedimentation resistance during storage and transportation.
Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Mucormycosis associated with COVID-19. Case report and literature review
Authors: González Insfrán Rodrigo , Tornaco Raúl , Lezcano Machi Alberto , Pérez Girala Enrique , Mena Canata Carlos
Published: June 2023

La rinosinusitis fúngica invasiva aguda es una entidad infecciosa poco frecuente, con alta mortalidad (50-80%), caracterizada por angioinvasión primaria, trombosis, isquemia y necrosis. Puede deberse a hongos Zygomycetes (como el Mucor) y Aspergillus. Se ve en pacientes con inmunocompromiso como diabéticos mal controlados, neoplasias hematológicas, régimen quimioterápico, síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida y trasplantados. Se presenta un caso de Mucormicosis RinoOrbito-Cerebral en una paciente con antecedente de Síndrome de Dificultad Respiratoria Severa por el Nuevo Coronavirus y posteriormente se revisa la literatura pertinente.
Inflammatory and endothelial dysfunction markers in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Tene Diego , Robalino Jorge , Pedreáñez Adriana
Published: June 2023

Hypertension and diabetes are two of the main risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease, and both pathologies overlap significantly in their pathophysiological mechanisms. The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of inflammatory markers and endothelial dysfunction in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus, to compare with healthy individuals, and to determine whether the coexistence of both pathologies has a different effect on the behavior of these markers. A descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional research was carried out from July 2022 to February 2023. A total of 120 individuals were selected for this study (30 controls, 30 with type 2 diabetes mellitus, 30 with hypertension and 30 with diabetes plus hypertension). Each subject had a fasting blood sample drawn for determination of total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, ultrasensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), glycosylated hemoglobin, sICAM-1, sE-selectin, IL-6 and TNF-α. A significant increase in the concentration of sICAM-1, sE-selectin, IL-6 and TNF-α was found in diabetic, hypertensive and diabetic patients with hypertension when compared to controls (p<0.0001). The coexistence of diabetes and hypertension did not represent a significant elevation in the concentration of markers of endothelial dysfunction and inflammation. In conclusion, our results suggest endothelial activation as well as an inflammatory state in patients with diabetes and hypertension, indicated by elevated levels of circulating adhesion molecules and proinflammatory cytokines. The simultaneous presence of diabetes and hypertension did not have an additive effect on the levels of these molecules.
Narasi Religiusitas Politik : Strategi Calon Gubernur Kalimantan Selatan Pada Pemilukada 2020
Authors: Wahdini Muhammad
Published: June 2023

South Kalimantan, which is dominated by the Banjar tribe, has a strong religious culture in various sectors, including the political sector. Tuan Guru's role is very important in the political map of South Kalimantan, so that in every political contest, Tuan Guru's role cannot be ignored in gaining public support for candidates. As the one-election governor of 2020, the role of Tuan Guru is very influential in the process of winning one of the candidate pairs. This paper aims to analyze the pattern of religious narratives in politics that occur in Indonesia's Borneo South. In addition, this paper also analyzes the role of Tuan Guru in the world of politics in South Kalimantan. This writing was produced from a literature review with data sources in the form of important research results related to religious and political issues in Kalimantan. This paper also uses articles that are directly related to the issue at hand. This paper argues that the narrative of political religiosity is a strategy used by candidate pairs to gain the sympathy of voters. The approach with Tuan Guru carried out by the candidates was, in fact, very effective in gaining votes in the gubernatorial election process.
Crime in Marriage: The Practice of Polygamy in the Puncak Sorik Merapi Community, Mandailing Natal
Authors: Mustafid Mustafid , Roswandi Risvan Akhir
Published: June 2023

Polygamy is an option for husbands who can be fair to their wives; a husband cannot take refuge behind religion to legalize polygamy while he cannot do justice. This study aims to look at the crimes of polygamy in Puncak Sorik Marapi Mandailing Natal Regency, North Sumatra Province. This research is qualitative; data were collected by interviewing informants, and secondary data were sourced from journals, books, and documents considered related to this paper. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive and qualitative data analysis techniques. As for the results of this study, they show that the husband practiced polygamy at Sorik Peak Marapi, committing crimes, namely: first, not providing for his wife's birth, second, abandoning children so that some drop out of school, and third, damaging good relations with wife, children, and wife's family. Husbands do not carry out the provisions set by Islam if they want to have polygamy; that is fair, because Allah has explained in Surah An-Nisa verse 3 that husbands must act fairly if they want to have polygamy. The impact of the husband's injustice was felt by their first wife, who felt the bitterness of life. The wife had to work hard to support herself and their children, and the impact was also felt by the children because they could not continue their schooling with the constraint of having no money. The tendency of husbands to neglect their wives and children tends to bring harm to them.
PEMETAAN SINYAL SELULER DI KAMPUS UNIVERSITAS NUSA CENDANA DENGAN METODE DRIVE TEST DAN WALK TEST
Authors: Doo Samy Y , Ginting Almido H , Mauboy Evtaleny R , Pollo Don E. D. G. , Djahi Hendrik J
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini difokuskan untuk pemetaan kondisi jaringan dari 3 buah provider pada kampus Undana. Parameter yang dipakai adalah kondisi sinyal RSRP dan RSRQ. Pengukuran dilakukan dengan metode Drive Test yang diperhalus dengan Walk Test menggunakan aplikasi G-Net Track Lite. Hasilnya menunjukan bahwa untuk provider Telkomsel, nilai range terbaik berada pada dengan nilai RSRP −73,50 dBm dan RSRQ −4,75 dB, sedangkan nilai terburuk dengan nilai RSRP −112,75 dBm dan RSRQ −18,66 dB. Nilai terbaik untuk provider Indosat Ooredoo adalahi RSRP −84,58 dBm dan RSRQ −9,79 dB, sedangkan nilai terburuknya pada nilai RSRP −115,32 dBm dan RSRQ −14,63 dB. Sedangkan provider XL Axiata menunjukan nilai terbaik RSRP sebesar −81,26 dBm dan RSRQ −10,21 dB, dan nilai terburuk RSRP sebesar −114,05 dBm dan RSRQ −17,68 dB. Secara keseluruhan, kondisi jaringan sudah cukup baik dan merata dari ketiga operator kecual di beberapa lokasi masih dalam keadaan kurang baik. Telkomsel menjadi operator yang mempunyai kondisi sinyal RSRP dan RSRQ yang lebih baik dibandingkan Indosat dan XL Axiata.
TONASE MESIN STAMPING DALAM PROSES PEMBUATAN BRACKET ENGINE FRONT 51422 - BZ071 DI PT. NUSAHADI CITRAHARMONIS
Authors: Mulyana Irvan Septyan , Yuniardi Doddi , Yulianto Eko Susetyo , Alliandi Febrian , Yudaputranto Christofel Jarot
Published: June 2023

Mobil merupakan salah satu angkutan transportasi yang paling banyak digunakan pada saat ini. Diantara mesin mobil terdapat komponen perngubung, yaitu sebagai tempat dudukan mesin yang menyatu dengan rangka mobil, komponen tersebut dinamakan Bracket Engine Front 51422-BZ071. Material yang digunakan pada proses produksi pembuatan Bracket engine front 51422-BZ071 adalah material cutting sheet tipe SHGA270C 0-45/45. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan memahami proses pembuatan Bracket Engine Front 51422-BZ071. Metode yang dilakukan dalam penulisan ini adalah metode observasi, wawancara, dan studi kepustakaan. Pada proses shearing dihasilkan material cutting sheet dengan ukuran panjang 340 mm dan lebar 320 mm dengan ketebalan 2,6 mm. Dalam proses stamping direkomendasikan gaya terbesar >155,283 ton untuk kapasitas mesin press. Proses pembuatan Bracket Engine Front 51422-BZ071 terdiri dari beberapa persiapan dan proses antara lain proses pemilihan bahan atau material, set up mesin shearing, proses shearing, QC shearing, set up dies stamping, proses stamping, quality control, shipping, dan yang terakhir delivery.
The Influence of Financial Literacy and Shopping Habits on The Financial Management of Economic Education Students
Authors: Wuisang Jerry Rommy Herter , Rooroh Agnes , Christian William
Published: June 2023

The goal of this study is to determine how financial literacy and buying habits impact the money management of economics students at Manado State University. This study used a quantitative methodology using SPSS 25 as assistance. 175 students who were enrolled in economic education programs at Manado State University for the 2019 and 2020 academic years made up the population of this study, and the sample size was 64 respondents. The Slovin technique, which has a 10% error rate, yielded 64 responders, and the number of samples was determined by simple random sampling. Multiple linear regression analysis, the Test t and Test f hypothesis tests, and the distribution of questionnaires as a data collecting method were all used to assess the results. It is known that the sig value for X1's partial effect on Y is 0.676 > 0.05. The calculated t value is 0.420 from the 1999 T table. The sig value of the partial effect of X2 on Y is 0.002 0.05. And the 1999 t table has a t count value of 3259. A sig value of 0.005 0.05 indicates that X 1 and X 2 have an influence on Y simultaneously.
The Influence of Customer Satisfaction, brand trust and Brand Loyalty on Purchase Intention: A Study of McDonald’s in Malaysia
Authors: Hung Daisy Kee Mui , Sin Liem Gai , Yuan Neo Zhan , Ni Nelly Lau Yenn , Wen Ng Kar , Fang Ng Suk , Rayhan Muhammad , Ali Muhammad Hasyir , Yose Joseph Willy , Muhsyi Ufairoh Aqilah
Published: June 2023

Customer satisfaction is crucial to the success of any business.It has been studied in the fields of business and marketing since the 1970s. When customers are satisfied, brand loyalty is immediately involved. As a result, brand loyalty has received a lot of attention in recent decades. McDonald's is the world's leading fast service restaurant, with over 36,000 outlets worldwide and more than 70 million customers served daily in more than 100 countries. Every month, McDonald's serves approximately 13.5 million customers in over 320 stores in Malaysia. The company's performance is strongly related to its high levels of brand loyalty and customer satisfaction. This paper aims to examine how customer satisfaction, brand trust and brand loyalty may influence the purchase intention of McDonald in Malaysia. We applied SPSS to test hypotheses, and 150 McDonald's customers engaged in a Google form-based online survey. The findings reveal that customer satisfaction, brand trust and brand loyalty influence McDonald's customers purchasing intentions. Recommendations and implications were discussed.
Espresso Yourself: Are You A Coffeeholic? A Study of Customers Satisfaction on Costa Coffee in Malaysia
Authors: Ibrahim Haslindar , Tunde Odebunmi Abayomi , Hamid Nur Amisha Nadia Abdul , Mahadir Nur Anisa Najwa , Anuar Nur Aqwa Badrisyia Wahi , Azamuddin Nur Azera , Abimanyu Naufal , Nisak Nur Alifatun , Shinde Ankita Sambhaji , Priyanka Kanisetty
Published: June 2023

Bringing to you London’s favourite coffee in Malaysia! The story began when the Costa brothers, Sergio and Bruno, decided to make a great cup of coffee as a part of everyday life in London. The impact of Covid- 19 has affected the entire world and the reliance on Costa Coffee apps has been doubled. Hence, the objective of this research paper is to study the satisfaction levels of customers from purchasing an espresso in the well- known cafe store, Costa Coffee. This study also aims to examine which factors that affect the customers’ satisfaction to snap up a specialty hand- crafted brew on Costa Coffee in Malaysia. Thus, the researchers also collected the data using a structured questionnaire survey and a sample of 150 Costa Coffee’s customers from Malaysia. The findings show that product quality, service quality, purchase intention and strategic location affecting the customers’ satisfaction of Costa Coffee. Overall, the data and results illustrates new insights and the claims of Costa Coffee regarding customers’ satisfaction that can help the company’s performance in the future.
Detection of Chlorophyll A on the Black Sea Coast with Sentinel-2 Satellite
Authors: UYAR Nehir , MARANGOZ Aycan Murat , KOCABAŞ Sefa , MUTLU Sabri , ATABAY Hakan
Published: June 2023

It is costly and time-consuming to determine coastal pollution with ground measurements. One of the most basic parameters to determine pollution in these areas is Chlorophyll A. This study aims to investigate the determination of this parameter using Remote Sensing (RS) techniques. In the study, the Sentinel-2 satellite was used to determine the parameter Chlorophyll A in the coastal areas of the Black Sea. 19 algorithms were used in the application. The algorithms are related to luminance reflections and the 8 bands of the satellite were used for the study. An Artificial Neural Network model was published as the best result. Pollution was observed in the coastal areas of the Black Sea between 2021 and 2017. As a result of the analysis, it is possible to observe coastal pollution quickly, without cost and/or at very low cost, with RS techniques. In this sense, RS techniques are of great importance in detecting environmental pollution, and relevant algorithms should be developed and supported by local measurements.
A Strategy to Increase Giving in the South Kenya Conference
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Bichang'a Julius
Published: June 2023

Problem The South Kenya Conference (SKC) was the first to gain conference status in Kenya in 1981. Unfortunately it continues to struggle financially to the point of receiving subsidies from other conferences for its day-to-day operations. The annual stewardship statistical reports for the last 10 years show that the tithe is slightly higher than the offerings. While 14 % of the members return their tithes; only 8 % of them give offerings. This was one of the challenges I was faced with when I was elected as the conference Stewardship Director. This indicates that there is a weak commitment to systematic benevolence and Christian stewardship. Methods A logical framework and Gantt chart were used to organize the project and describes the linkage of activities in the development and implementation of the project. Implementation involved the collection of local church treasurer’s reports and conference treasury reports, conducting seminars, monitoring, and evaluations. Finally, a report on the progress, lesson learned, conclusion, and recommendations was drafted. Results The SKC, after the implementation of the project, reached the goal of a 20% increase in giving. Both tithes and offerings increased. Tithe increased by 39.99% and offerings increased by 13.42%. This was achieved by sorting out some of the issues that have been pending for many years in the conference. Some districts were divided and additional pastors were employed, which revived the spirit of the members. The project also succeeded in holding seminars and stewardship promotions throughout the conference to teach, motivate, and encourage the members to practice biblical stewardship. The project resulted in 75% of the homes of members being visited and people prayed for. Conclusion Presently biblical principles and teaching stewardship principles are important. However, the research found that house-to-house visitation was the one thing that had the most impact on the giving patterns of the SKC. Without regular visitation many issues that affect giving are not addressed. When issues are not addressed on a one-to-one basis, giving of tithe and offerings decline.
Training Church Members In The Theory And Practice Of Preaching In The Spanish District Of Tri-City In The Upper Columbia Conference
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Flores Jaime
Published: June 2023

Problem. One of the challenges of a multi-church district is that the pastor cannot preach at each church, each Sabbath. The Spanish district of Tri-City is comprised of three churches (Pasco/Kennewick/Richland). Some elders are reluctant to speak when the pastor is absent at one of these three churches. In addition, my preliminary research shows that attendance is lower at these churches when the pastor is absent. The reason for this absenteeism, according to some members, is poor preaching. Accordingly, the challenge is to develop qualified preachers who can preach at those churches within the district when the pastor is absent. Method. Three training seminars in the theory and practice of preaching were given in the Spanish District of Tri-City. The first one was for the whole district; it took place in the Spanish church of Pasco. The second one was given in the Spanish company of Richland. Finally, the third one was led in the Spanish church of Kennewick. Results. As a result of this training seminar, eleven church members graduated and are now active in the preaching roll of their churches. Consequently, now it is much easier to make the preaching roll for the District of Tri-City in the Upper Columbia Conference. In addition to that, now these churches have new leaders, more spiritual gifts are being employed, and other church members are being inspired to serve the Lord. Indeed, the pastor experiences great relief when he is absent for fulfilling his duties in other congregations and each local church is now better fed. Conclusions. Bringing the seminar to each church was more beneficial than having only one class for the whole district, hence more people were reached. Interestingly enough, newly church members were more willing to learn and to be evaluated than old ones. Besides, five out of 11 graduates were women. Although it is true that the number of male participants was greater, it is also true that in the last two sessions, the number of female participants was greater than males. In addition to that, five out of 11 of these preachers were new preachers.
A Modular Graduate Course in Christian Leadership with an Emphasis on Servant Leadership for the Inter-American Adventist Theological Seminary (IATS)
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Rodriguez Raquel
Published: June 2023

Problem An issue of major concern in Adventist universities in the territory of the Inter- American Division is the lack of training in the subject of leadership at the undergraduate level. The curriculum focuses more on the biblical and spiritual areas, while it neglects to offer those classes that develop leadership skills. Since pastors are the model leaders for their congregations, this course on Christian leadership, with an emphasis on the "servant-model," will help to train pastors in this area, hopefully coping with the current leadership training deficiency. Method A theoretical foundation was established for suggesting and developing a servant leadership course for the Inter-American Adventist Theological Seminary. This foundation was based on biblical, theological research and on the current leadership literature. Backward Design (Wiggins and McTighe) was used for the development of the Servant Leadership model course. Results There are no tangible results since this modular course has not been implemented. It was designed in the context of an in-residence cohort in leadership. However, there is a notable example of those who apply the servant-leadership model in their ministry. The perfect example was Jesus who chose twelve men (including some who had no academic degrees) and, in three and a half years of public ministry, He prepared them to lead the world. Similarly, strengthening the leadership of our church leaders as they follow the model Jesus taught and apply it to their ministry is the aim of this course. Conclusion The emphasis of the Christian leadership course on the servant-leadership model will be an important tool for all the leaders of the Inter-American Division. The servantleadership model has been challenging the old leadership paradigm for more than 40 decades. Even though several scholars have suggested that this model is only for Christian environments, the paradox is that secular leaders are using this model more than Christian leaders. This model has demonstrated that everybody engages in the organization mission, vision, and goals and, as a result, the organization develops and grows faster and stronger because the motto is about service and serving others first. The model of servant-leadership as Jesus taught us is still the leadership of excellence. Christian leaders of this new millennium have been called to accept and face with love, faith, humility, and service the challenge of our world today in all its aspects: social, economic, political, and religious.
Brazilian Adventist Women and their Needs: Toward Theological-Missiological Education with an Initial Curriculum Proposal
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Guzman Hanny
Published: June 2023

Problem Brazilian Adventist women have had limited access to theological-missiological education, partly because of a hierarchical, male-centered biblical interpretation of gender relations as applied to female teaching and learning experiences within the community of faith. Although the church intends to involve women in a kind of ministry that assumes a hierarchical paradigm, this remediative action is limited to motivation, outreach, and Christian piety. Method This theological-missiological non-formal curricular intervention provides access to theological education as well as role models for women in the church. It attempts to transform this restrictive scenario by the interpretation of the perspective and values of the biblical text as it relates to the church and society. The intervention proposes to enhance the formation of female leadership at the grassroots through a curriculum composed of modules on God and human needs, biblical spirituality, worldview, and leadership. Conclusions This study demonstrates that an accessible, God-centered, transformative, and comprehensive theological-missiological education may respond to the educational and human needs of women in the SDA Church. This intervention suggests that broad implementation of the proposed curriculum would have a positive impact on the problem of female theological illiteracy through the uncovering of theological, cultural, and sociological assumptions toward the formulation of a biblical and balanced view of human nature, human needs, and the human desire to know God and everything else in relation to Him.
Novel Thin-film, Chitosan-polyaniline Nanofiltration Membrane Effectively Removes Toxic Heavy Metals From Wastewaters
Authors:   Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak, Iran., Karami Sahar , Jiriaei Sharahi Zahra ,   Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak, Iran., Koudzari Farahani Samaneh ,   Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak, Iran., Solhi Sadra ,   Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran., Hosseini Sayed Mohsen ,   Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak, Iran.
Published: June 2023

Background: Membrane technology for water purification has gained much attention in many industries and for healthier human life. Also, improving the elimination of toxic heavy metals is a much needed strategy for the filtration of public water supplies. This study investigated the removal of toxic heavy metals from wastewater, using a novel thin-film membrane. Methods: We investigated the structural, physico-chemical, and antifouling properties of the membrane, and its ability to remove toxic elements from water. Seven parameters were examined: Contact angle, water ionic contents, Fourier’s transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), 3D-surface imaging, water flux, and antifouling effects. Results: The results indicated that a thin-film layer formed on the membrane. The 3D-images demonstrated that the surface roughness decreased when the polyaniline ratio to nanoparticles increased. The surface hydrophilicity increased by incorporating polyaniline into the surface. The water flux increased from 8.04 (L/m2.h) to 14.74 (L/m2.h) in the virgin membrane. The sodium sulfate rejection was 61% for the virgin membrane whereas it was >67% in the thin-film coated membrane. The data demonstrated excellent anti-fouling properties for the novel membrane, with a flux recovery ratio of >94.65% while it was about 79% for the virgin one. The rejection rates of chromium and copper ions for the novel membrane were >86% and >84%, respectively. These values were significantly higher than those of the virgin membrane (>53% and >51%). Conclusion: The thin-film composite membrane significantly improved the removal rate of toxic heavy metals from the wastewater samples compared to the virgin membrane.
Biological Activities and Analytical Methods for Detecting Aucubin and Catalpol Iridoid Glycosides in Plantago Species: A Review Study
Authors:   Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran., Rahamouz-Haghighi Samaneh
Published: June 2023

Background: Plantago species contain aucubin and catalpol iridoid glycosides used in traditional medicine for many purposes. Objectives: To accelerate the utilization of aucubin and catalpol in Plantago species, research should be focused on introducing advanced purification and detection methods. In this regard, the therapeutic activities of aucubin and catalpol compounds are mentioned to confirm their effectiveness in medicinal uses. Methods: An extensive literature search was conducted using the keywords “Aucubin and Catalpol + Plantago” in the public domains of Google scholar. Results: The iridoid patterns exhibited a significant correlation with morphological and other chemical specifications of the representatives of the genus Plantago. Commonly, iridoid glycosides are detected with gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, thin-layer chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC), and capillary electrophoresis techniques. The most common methods are HPLC and HPTLC. Aucubin and catalpol are active compounds possessing biological activities, including anti-cancer, anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, hepatoprotective, osteoprotective, and neuroprotective properties. Conclusion: This review article comprehensively summarizes cytotoxic activities and detection methods of aucubin and catalpol in Plantago species. The results suggest that Plantago species and their metabolites may benefit human health beyond their traditional uses.
Efficiency of using larch bark extract as a feed additive for calves
Authors: Aminova A. L. , Yumaguzin I. F. , Sharifyanov B. G. , Kolesnik A. B.
Published: June 2023

Relevance. In recent years, the search and synthesis of new more effective plant extracts have been intensively conducted, which also require extensive scientific and industrial tests. These include the search for local resources and the simplest methods of biotechnology and harvesting plant extracts, including feed additives. In this regard, the study of the use of a plant extract based on larch bark is of great importance and is an urgent area of research. The aim of the work is to determine the effectiveness of the use of larch bark extract as a feed additive to increase the natural resistance and intensity of growth of live weight of cattle calves.

Methods. For the study, we used: larch bark extract and raido remedy in a dosage of 5 g per calfʼs head for 10 days. Hematological studies were carried out on a Beckman Coulter LH-500 analyzer using the Culture method. The activity of blood serum was determined by the methods of V.G. Dorofeichuk, O.V. Smirnova and G.A. Kuzmina.

Results. Studies have found that in order to stimulate the intensity of growth of live weight of cattle in the early dairy period of cultivation, it is recommended to use a plant extract from the bark of larch, which allows to increase the intensity of growth and get an additional increase in live weight by 9.0% compared with calves of the control group. The use of the extract stimulates the formation of nonspecific resistance, which is manifested in an increase in phagocytic (by 8.5%), bactericidal (by 8.9%), lysozyme (by 6.6%) activity of the blood serum of calves compared with the control group
Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kecurangan Akuntansi (Studi Kasus pada PT. Bank Tabungan Negara (Persero) Tbk KC Medan)
Authors: Siregar Ahmad Aidil , Hanafi Lubis Reza
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan di PT. Bank Tabungan Negara (Persero) Tbk KC Medan yang betujuan untuk menguji dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kecurangan akuntansi yang terdiri atas pengendalian internal, moralitas individu, motivasi dan ketaatan aturan akuntansi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan instrumen kuesioner.  Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pegawai yang ada di PT. Bank Tabungan Negara (Persero) Tbk KC Medan yang berjumlah 85 orang. Jumlah sampel yang dipilih dengan metode purposive sampling ialah sebanyak 37 orang. Metode analisis yang digunakan yaitu analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan  bahwa  pengendalian  internal,  moralitas  individu  dan  motivasi secara parsial memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kecurangan akuntansi,  serta  ketaatan  aturan  akuntansi  secara  parsial  memiliki  pengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kecurangan akuntansi di PT. Bank Tabungan Negara (Persero) Tbk KC Medan. Sedangkan secara simultan pengendalian internal, moralitas individu, motivasi dan ketaatan aturan akuntansi memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kecurangan akuntansi di PT. Bank Tabungan Negara (Persero) Tbk KC Medan.
Pengaruh Risiko Kredit, Risiko Likuiditas dan Risiko Operasional Terhadap Profitabilitas PT Bank Mega Tbk Periode 2014-2021
Authors: Siagian Samuel Fredi Siagian , Listiawati Rodiana
Published: June 2023

Bank merupakan lembaga keuangan yang berfungsi sebagai perantara keuangan antara pihak yang memiliki kelebihan dana dan pihak yang kekurangan dana. Dalam menjalankan perannya memperlancar lalu lintas pembayaran dan pelayanan kepada masyarakat, peningkatan pelayanan jasa kredit sebagai produk jasa utama bank akan berpengaruh pada keberhasilan bank untuk mencapai laba atau profit. Profitabilitas dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor diantaranya yaitu Risiko Kredit (NPL), Risiko Likuiditas (LDR) dan Risiko Operasional (BOPO). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh NPL, LDR dan BOPO terhadap Profitabilitas pada PT Bank Mega Tbk pada Periode 2014-2021. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Laporan Keuangan Triwulan Bank Mega Periode 2014-2021. Jenis data yang digunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari laporan keuangan yang dipublikasikan melalui website resmi Bank Mega. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi linier berganda dengan tingkat signifikansi 5%. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan NPL dan LDR secara parsial tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Profitabilitas, sedangkan BOPO secara parsial berpengaruh negatif terhadap profitabilitas. Secara simultan, Risiko Kredit (NPL), Risiko Likuiditas (LDR) dan Risiko Operasional (BOPO) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Profitabilitas sebesar 94% dan sisanya 6% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain di luar penelitian ini.
SYNTHESIS AND STUDIES OF Cu(II),Ni(II),Co(II) COMPLEXES WITH bis(SALICILIDEN)HYDRAZON
Authors:   M.Nagiev Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry, Ministry of Science and Education  of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Guliyeva E.A. , Fatullayeva P.A. ,   M.Nagiev Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry, Ministry of Science and Education  of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Hagverdiyeva T.M. ,   M.Nagiev Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry, Ministry of Science and Education  of the Republic of Azerbaijan
Published: June 2023

New complexes of Cu(II), Co(II), and Ni(II) with bis(salicylidene)hydrazone have been obtained. It has been shown that bis(salicylidene)hydrazone forms bi-nuclear complexes with the ions of these metals. The structure and physicochemical properties of these complexes have been studied by IR, UV spec-troscopy, EPR and thermogravimetric analysis. IR spectra show that coordination of ligand with metal ion is carried out through oxygen atom of phenolic group and nitrogen atom of C=N group. In the elec-tronic spectra of the ligand there are absorption bands of the aromatic ring transition at ~240 and 290 nm (related to π→π* and n- π transitions). The absorption bands at 340 and 380 nm can be attributed to the absorption of the azomethine group conjugated to the benzene ring. On the basis of thermogravimetric analysis the stages of thermal decomposition of synthesized complexes and the composition of solid reaction products obtained at these stages have been determined. It has been shown that the final products of thermal decomposition consist of Co, Ni, Cu oxides. In the EPR spectrum of the copper complex a very weakly asymmetric signal with g=2.10 is observed, which may indicate a tetrahedral (pseudotetrahedral) structure of the complex