bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Are People Willing to Take Regular COVID-19 Vaccines? Prevalence and Determinants of Hesitancy for Regular COVID-19 Vaccination: A Random Population-Based Survey in Hong Kong
Authors: Li Yan , Li Mengqi , Yang Lin , Bressington Daniel , Leung Sau-Fong , Xie Yao-Jie , Qin Jing , Molasiotis Alex , Leung Angela Y. M.
Published: August 2023

The emergence of new coronavirus variants and evidence of waning immunity offered by COVID-19 vaccines draw attention to the need for regular vaccination. Vaccine hesitancy is one of the top ten threats to global health. There is a dearth of knowledge on people’s hesitancy to take regular COVID-19 vaccines. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and determinants of hesitancy for regular COVID-19 vaccination. A population-based, random telephone survey was performed in Hong Kong in April 2022 (n = 1213). The age-standardized hesitancy rate for regular COVID-19 vaccines among Hong Kong adults was 39.4% (95% CI = 35.3–44.1%), exhibiting a sloping S-shape with age. Regression analyses revealed that females, young adults, self-perceived fair/bad health, low COVID-19 vaccine uptake, and believing there are better ways for prevention of infection were positive determinants of hesitancy for regular vaccination. Vaccine confidence, perceived severity and availability, trust in manufacturers and government, and civic duty inclination were negative determinants. Tailored vaccine promotions are needed for females, young adults, and people perceiving poor health and receiving fewer doses. Information on infection severity, vaccine availability, and trust in suppliers, products, and governments are key attitude-change facilitators to decrease hesitancy for regular COVID-19 vaccination and cope with future pandemics.
Population-Level Risk Factors Related to Measles Case Fatality: A Conceptual Framework Based on Expert Consultation and Literature Review
Authors: Sbarra Alyssa N. , Jit Mark , Mosser Jonathan F. , Ferrari Matthew , Cutts Felicity , Papania Mark , Kretsinger Katrina , McCarthy Kevin A. , Thakkar Niket , Gaythorpe Katy A. M. , Gamage Deepa , Krause L. Kendall , Dansereau Emily , Crowcroft Natasha , Portnoy Allison
Published: August 2023

A better understanding of population-level factors related to measles case fatality is needed to estimate measles mortality burden and impact of interventions such as vaccination. This study aimed to develop a conceptual framework of mechanisms associated with measles case fatality ratios (CFRs) and assess the scope of evidence available for related indicators. Using expert consultation, we developed a conceptual framework of mechanisms associated with measles CFR and identified population-level indicators potentially associated with each mechanism. We conducted a literature review by searching PubMed on 31 October 2021 to determine the scope of evidence for the expert-identified indicators. Studies were included if they contained evidence of an association between an indicator and CFR and were excluded if they were from non-human studies or reported non-original data. Included studies were assessed for study quality. Expert consultation identified five mechanisms in a conceptual framework of factors related to measles CFR. We identified 3772 studies for review and found 49 studies showing at least one significant association with CFR for 15 indicators (average household size, educational attainment, first- and second-dose coverage of measles-containing vaccine, human immunodeficiency virus prevalence, level of health care available, stunting prevalence, surrounding conflict, travel time to major city or settlement, travel time to nearest health care facility, under-five mortality rate, underweight prevalence, vitamin A deficiency prevalence, vitamin A treatment, and general malnutrition) and only non-significant associations for five indicators (antibiotic use for measles-related pneumonia, malaria prevalence, percent living in urban settings, pneumococcal conjugate vaccination coverage, vitamin A supplementation). Our study used expert consultation and a literature review to provide additional insights and a summary of the available evidence of these underlying mechanisms and indicators that could inform future measles CFR estimations.
Challenges and Solutions for Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks Based on Lightweight Blockchains
Authors: Bowlin Edgar , Khan Mohammad S. , Bajracharya Biju , Appasani Bhargav , Bizon Nicu
Published: August 2023

Current research with Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) has focused on adapting an efficient consensus mechanism and reducing the blockchain size while maintaining security. Care must be taken when implementing blockchains within VANET applications to leverage the chains’ strengths while mitigating their weaknesses. These chains can serve as distributed ledgers that provide storage for more than financial transactions. The security provided by longer blockchains constitutes a nearly immutable, decentralized data structure that can store any data relevant to the applications. However, these chains must be adapted to the ad-hoc, resource-constrained environments found in VANETs. In the absence of abundant resources and reliable network connections, chain operation and maintenance must address the challenges presented by highly mobile nodes in novel ways, including situations such as emergency messaging that require real-time responses. Researchers have included different mechanisms to realize lightweight blockchains, such as adding reputation to existing consensus mechanisms, condensing the consensus committees, using geographical information, and monitoring a nodes behavior in attempts to adapt blockchains to these domains. This paper analyzes the challenges and gives solutions for these different mechanisms to realize lightweight blockchains for VANETs.
Aligned Simulation Models for Simulating Africa’s Electric Minibus Taxis
Authors: Abraham Chris Joseph , Rix Arnold , Booysen Marthinus Johannes
Published: August 2023

Planning for the eventual electrification of transport in sub-Saharan Africa requires accurate simulation of its unique transport systems. The few studies that attempt to model electric minibus taxis—vehicles extensively used in sub-Saharan Africa’s public transport systems—vary greatly in their results. This paper analyses, compares and corrects the only two existing studies that project energy consumption of electric minibus taxis in the region. One of the studies projected an energy consumption of 0.39 kWh/km, while the other projected 0.93 kWh/km. This paper carefully analyses the simulation tools and models and cumulatively applies corrections from the literature and scientific analyses. As a result, the discrepancy between the two simulation tools is eliminated for a given data input and a final energy consumption is estimated in the range of 0.49–0.52 kWh/km, depending on the input data.
Youth-Centred Research-Based Model—An Innovative Tool in Youth Work
Authors: Rämmer Andu , Kivimäe Anne , Kötsi Kaur , Žuravljova Maria
Published: August 2023

Terms like youth-friendly, youth-focused, youth-centred, youth-responsive, etc., have been used to describe the opportunities and services offered to young people. Such concepts often refer to essential and suitable forms of activity and their quality for young people. However, the term “youth-centred” or “youth-centred approach” is not unambiguously understandable in youth work or in other services or activities for young people. Furthermore, more instruments are needed to help a youth worker or a specialist working with young people in every field to work in a more youth-centred way. The team of the Youth Work programme of Narva College of the University of Tartu launched a project to conceptualise the meaning and content of the youth-centred approach and to develop an instrument—a model—that could help implement a more youth-centred practice in youth work. In-depth interviews with Estonian youth field experts and focus group interviews in open youth work confirmed the relevance of the theoretical concept. The empirically tested model is valuable for planning and developing youth-centred activities in youth work.
The impact of nursing practice environments on patient safety culture in primary health care: a scoping review
Authors: Pereira Soraia Cristina de Abreu , Ribeiro Olga Maria Pimenta Lopes , Fassarella Cíntia Silva , Santos Eduardo José Ferreira
Published: August 2023

Background

Patient safety has in recent decades become a global concern. It is a key priority area of healthcare organisations, and has a direct impact on patient health and wellbeing. Work environments can strongly impact nurses' wellbeing and may ultimately produce different outcomes for both professionals and patients. The adverse events occurrence is an example of how work environments influence outcomes, and there is evidence of this correlation in several studies conducted in recent years.

Aim

To map the knowledge regarding the impact that nursing practice environments have on safety culture in primary healthcare settings, as primary health care concentrates a significant portion of the population’s care.

Design & setting

This review was conducted following the methodology proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) for scoping reviews.

Method

Study selection, data extraction, and synthesis were performed by two independent reviewers. Based on Population (or participants), Concept, and Context (PCC) framework, studies were considered that addressed nurses' practice environment and patient safety culture in primary health care. All studies published or unpublished from 2002 to the present were considered.

Results

Seven studies were included in this review; however, the existing evidence on the relation between nurses' practice environments and patient safety is still limited in primary healthcare settings. Although clear evidence was not found, several characteristics of nursing practice environments that may impact healthcare safety were found, such as leadership, communication, and organisational culture and policies.

Conclusion

More research directed at primary healthcare nursing practice settings is needed and could be valuable in defining and implementing strategies that promote the safety of care.
Terminology Revisited: Effective Communications for the Agricultural Community
Authors: Turner Kenneth , Belesky David
Published: August 2023

In 1862 (when USDA established) about 60% of the U.S. population were farmers, but in 2000 it was around 2%. Many people from a diversity of backgrounds are returning to small acreages and are newcomers to agriculture. Pasture-based production systems for meat goats, sheep, and cattle are growing rapidly in the eastern U.S., especially on smaller-scale farms. Increasing demand for U.S.-grown agricultural products, including pasture-raised meat and dairy products, requires renewed efforts to relay practical production agriculture information as effectively as possible. We emphasize the need to return to use of standardized terminology when explaining soil, plant, and livestock management practices.
University of California Program to Evaluate Water Quality Management Practices at Cooperating Agricultural Sites
Authors: Mangiafico Salvatore , Newman Julie , Faber Ben
Published: August 2023

Extension is viewed as a critical agent for addressing the water quality impacts of agriculture. To assist growers in implementing management practices (BMPs) and to assess the effectiveness of these BMPs, the University of California undertook two grant projects that assessed cooperator sites for runoff water quality and water conservation. The interdisciplinary approach was largely successful. However, factors creating challenges for quantifying BMP performance included assessing BMPs in a before-and-after manner, limited stormwater runoff, and the limited duration of the projects. Addressing these challenges may help to make similar programs more effective.
Watershed-Scale Dynamics of Tennessee Farmland Enrollment in the Conservation Reserve Program: Implications for Environmental Extension
Authors: Bridges Christopher
Published: August 2023

Increased national focus on environmental quality requires Extension professionals to evaluate conservation policies and adapt outreach strategies accordingly. This case study applies spatial analysis techniques to evaluate watershed-scale changes in Tennessee farmland enrolled in the Conservation Reserve Program 1997-2007, focusing on areas that may contribute to stream quality impairment. Results indicate that cumulative enrollment in the program has decreased significantly less in watersheds targeted by interagency outreach efforts than in the remainder of the state. Integration of geospatial technologies into cooperative educational programs that complement watershed restoration strategies may represent an emerging opportunity for natural resources Extension.
North Lake Tahoe Demonstration Garden Teaches About Best Management Practices and Fire Defensible Space
Authors: Cobourn John
Published: August 2023

Because water quality and wildfire are critical issues at Lake Tahoe, a demonstration garden teaches about best management practices and defensible space, in addition to demonstrating what plants grow in our mountain environment. Extension worked with the local Conservation District to design and build unique displays with interpretive signs that show people options they can use on their properties. All demonstrations comply with requirements for control of nonpoint source pollution and for fire defensible space. The garden's biggest contribution to the community is that it teaches property owners how they can meet multiple environmental objectives in an effective and attractive manner.
Relationship Between Participation in 4-H and Community Leadership in Rural Montana
Authors: Flynn Allison , Frick Martin , Steele Douglas
Published: August 2023

Studies on the impact of 4-H on former members generally use alumni as one cohort. In rural states, such as Montana, it is important to understand the impact of 4-H on alumni in these rural areas and the role 4-H plays in community involvement. The study reported here sought to determine the perception of current community leaders in rural Montana and the relationship between development of leadership skills and participation in 4-H. The study found that 4-H continues to influence rural community leaders in Montana, although it plays a modest role in influencing community involvement in all areas except agriculture groups.
The Effect of Intravenous Ketamine on Suicidal Ideation in Depressed Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Moayedi Farah , Massoudifar Ali , Namazi Sholeh , Mirzaei Zadeh Hossein , Seddigh Seyed Hamzeh , Hosseini Teshnizi Saeed
Published: August 2023

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) generally occurs together with depression in patients with no history of manic, mixed, or hypomanic episodes. The suicidal ideation in MDD patients is very common and can potentially be considered an emergency circumstance in many cases. Among the developed drugs and medicines, ketamine (KET) is a potential option to treat patients with MDD. This study aims at investigating the effect of KET on the treatment of suicidal ideation and the reduction of the intensity of symptoms in patients suffering from MDD. Materials and Methods: This randomized double-blind clinical trial was performed on 30 patients who suffered from MDD and had suicidal ideation at Ibn Sina Hospital, Bandar Abbas, Iran, during 2016-2017. The patients were divided into two groups: the KET group which received 0.5 mg/kg of intravenous (IV) KET diluted in 500 mL of normal saline over 30 minutes and the control group which received 500 mL of normal saline without KET over 30 minutes. Results: According to the statistical analysis, 24 hours after the intervention, suicidal ideation score reached 2.53 and 20.6 in the KET and control groups, respectively. In fact, KET caused a significant reduction in the score of the suicidal ideation (SSI) (SSI<4) in comparison with the control group (P<0.001). Conclusion: It was observed that KET can play a key role in the treatment of depression disorders, especially severe and life-threatening forms that require immediate intervention, such as the use of electroconvulsive therapy.
Comparison of the Effect of Eight Weeks of Strength Training, Aquatic Exercise, and Omega-3 Supplement Consumption on Motor Function of Diabetic Men With Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Saadatifar Alireza , Bagherpour Tahereh , Nemati Nematullah
Published: August 2023

Background: Diabetes leads to some motor function dysfunction. The aim of this research was to compare the effect of eight weeks of strength training, water exercise, and omega-3 consumption on the motor function of diabetic men with peripheral neuropathy. Materials and Methods: Among the diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy (30-60 years old), 80 people were purposefully selected and then randomly divided into four groups, including 8 weeks of taking omega-3 supplements, 8 weeks of strength training, 8 weeks of water training, and control (20 people in each group). Eventually, a one-way analysis of variance was used for the group comparison of variables. Results: In terms of simple reaction time, strength training (P=0.03) and water training (P=0.01) were lower than the control group. In addition, the water exercises (P=0.04) and strength training (P=0.04) were lower than the consumption of omega-3. However, in terms of the balance score, strength training (P=0.001), water training (P=0.001), and omega-3 consumption (P=0.01) were higher than the control group. Similarly, water exercises (P=0.02) and strength training (P=0.03) were higher than the average consumption of omega-3. Regarding the leg muscle strength score, the strength training (P=0.001), water training (P=0.001), and omega-3 consumption (P=0.003) were higher than the control group. Finally, the strength training (P=0.012) was higher than the mean consumption of omega-3 (P=0.012). Conclusion: In general, strength training, water exercise, and omega-3 consumption improved motor performance in diabetic neuropathy men.
Psychosocial-Spiritual Factors Associated With Well-being of Older Population in Africa
Authors: Lawrence Kehinde Clement , Mambetalina Aliya Saktaganovna , Baigabylov Nurlan Oralbaevich
Published: August 2023

Background: The quality of well-being of the older population is a crucial determinant of successful aging as well as the achievement of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG target 3). However, the impact of psychosocial-spiritual factors on well-being is affected by the level of general health conditions in the older population. Previous studies have focused more on the physical health and psychological well-being nexus, but the role of general health conditions in mediating the association between psychosocial-spiritual factors and well-being in the older population in Africa was not investigated. This study, therefore, examined the psychosocial-spiritual factors associated with well-being in the older population in Africa with a focus to determine the contribution of all the psychosocial-spiritual factors when mediated by general health conditions. Methods: In this regard, a quantitative research methodology was adopted using a descriptive survey. A total of 833 elderly people with a mean age of f 68.04±6.71 years were recruited, comprising 484 females and 399 males in five municipalities. Results: The findings revealed that general health conditions, quality of life, social support, and social network are significantly associated with well-being in older people. Furthermore, the mediating effect of general health conditions had an inverse association with well-being. Conclusion: Accordingly, a commitment to quality of life, healthcare services, social support, and family social network is effective for Africa to achieve healthy lives and promote well-being for individuals of all ages.
Exploration of Barriers and Facilitators of Sexual Health Information-Seeking Behaviors Among Teenage Girls in Rasht
Authors: Khodadadi Raziyeh , Alipour Fardin , Arabkari Zoleikha
Published: August 2023

Background: Teenage girls who are passing through sensitive puberty time are among the vulnerable ones whose sexual health information needs have not received sufficient attention. The present article aimed to explore barriers and facilitators of sexual health information-seeking behaviors (SHISB) among teenage girls in Rasht in 2022. Methods: The present study was performed using a qualitative method based on conventional content analysis. The participants were selected by the maximum variation sampling method and included 15 teenage girls in the age range of 15-21 years old and 5 key adults, including mothers, teachers, and sexual health specialists. Data were collected by the semi-structured interview technique and then analyzed using Landman and Granheim’s approach. Results: According to the results of the present study, 7 main categories and 25 subcategories were extracted, including barriers, facilitators, motivations, and resources for seeking sexual health information. The main categories were individual barriers, family inappropriate performance, cyber threats, social inhibitors, facilitating elements of information seeking, information seeking motivation, and channels of sexual health literacy. Conclusion: In addition to clarifying the barriers and facilitators of seeking sexual health information among teenage girls, the findings also point to the necessity of providing educational situations to learn sexual health topics. Therefore, the present study suggests the necessity of family institution, health, and education cooperation, along with formulating community-oriented programs to support teenage girls’ information needs, changing the family and society’s point of view considering sexual health.
Effect of watercress seed mucilage (Lepidium sativum L.) on the wound healing in New Zealand rabbits
Authors: Dehestani Ardakani Faezeh , Salehi Elham , Morovati-Sharifabad Majid , Paidar Ardakani Amin , Heydarnejad Mohammad Saeed
Published: August 2023

Background and aims: Wound healing is one of the most important issues in medical science. Synthetic drugs have long been introduced and used to speed up the healing process of wounds, but most of them have many side effects. The present study was performed to evaluate the healing efficiency of watercress seed mucilage (Lepidium sativum L.) on wounds. Methods: In this study, the animals were randomly divided into five groups. The treatment groups were (1), (2), (3), sham (4), and control (5). The treatment groups were treated with 20%, 10%, and 5% watercress seed mucilage in the Eucerin base, respectively, and the sham was treated with Eucerin, while the control received no treatment. Then, 5 pairs of full-thickness wounds with a diameter of 7 mm were created on both sides of the rabbit’s spine. Macroscopic and wound area studies were performed on days 4, 7, and 14 after surgery. Results: According to the analysis of variance, there was a significant difference between groups 1, 2, 3, sham, and control (P=0.001), but no significant difference was observed between group 3, sham group, and control group (P=0.993). Based on these findings, at the end of the treatment period, group 1 had the highest healing rate and the lowest wound area (1.12±0.77) compared to group 2 (4.42±0.30) and 3 (7.05±0.35), as well as the sham (8.34±1.10) and control (8.50±1.90) groups. Thus, the treatment method of this group has been more effective in wound healing than that of the other treatment groups. Conclusion: It seems that watercress seed mucilage can treat wounds due to its important compounds such as flavonoids, phenols, and vitamins A and C.
Anuria in solitary kidney patient with gastroenteritis: A case report study
Authors: Mohajeri Saeed , Salehifard Alizamen , Rabiei Aliasghar
Published: August 2023

For better management of acute kidney injury (AKI) and prevention of progressive renal injury, it is extremely important to manage infections such as gastroenteritis. In addition, anuria is considered a risk factor for AKI and even causes death in patients. An 18-month-old boy with vomiting and diarrhea for three days and anuria for 24 hours was referred to Farsan hospital. The patient had bulky and watery diarrhea about 7-8 times a day and vomited 3-4 times a day which was containing food particles. He had a fever on the first and second days. Ultrasound findings revealed that the right kidney did not exist, and the left kidney was affected by compensatory hypertrophy. Disorders in the patient’s blood biochemical factors were also observed. Acidosis and other biochemical disorders were treated with bicarbonate drip, allopurinol, Lasix drip, and dopamine drip. After about 18 hours, anuria was treated.
The effects of bromelain on osteoarthritis symptoms: A systematic review
Authors: Asgari Savadjani Shahin , Yadollahi Farshad , Khaghani Armin
Published: August 2023

Background and aims: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common skeletal and excruciating disease worldwide. This study aimed to investigate bromelain’s effect and underlying mechanism on OA symptoms. Methods: This systematic review was designed according to the PRISMA guidelines. An extensive search was undertaken in various databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Scopus. Finally, 14 articles were retrieved considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study. The desired data were extracted and entered into an Excel file, and the outcomes of the studies underwent investigation. Results: Bromelain downregulates inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-8, IL-1β, and interferon γ expression in synovial fibroblasts. In addition, bromelain inserts analgesic effects by decreasing vascular permeability to bradykinin and inhabitation its generation. Bromelain counteracts by increasing the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iONS) levels, and lipid peroxidation while reducing those of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and prolidase. Another main antinociceptive effect property of bromelain is associated with its anti-inflammatory effect by relieving neuroinflammation and synovial membrane inflammation. Conclusion: Bromelain indicated good therapeutic effects on reducing OA symptoms due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Although no specific bromelain-related side effects were not reported in the included studies, it is recommended that more laboratory studies should be conducted with different doses and appropriate methodology.
Determining the Eligibility of Livestock Assistance using the Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment Method
Authors: Sari Elsi Widya
Published: August 2023

Livestock is a part of the agricultural sector in Indonesia's national development which aims to increase the income and welfare of farmers and ranchers. This is evidenced by the growth rate which is always positive and the contribution which tends to increase, one of which is the Agam Regency Animal Husbandry Service. In providing assistance, the Livestock Service Office of Agam Regency, in providing assistance, livestock assistance is often not on target and the livestock assistance that is given is not properly managed because often groups of farmers or livestock after receiving assistance after being checked again, the livestock that are given are not well cared for. In providing livestock assistance, it is still being carried out by using a manual process, namely the Agam Regency Animal Husbandry Service in providing assistance does not use a special calculation method such as using the scientific method. The implementation of the Decision Support System in this study uses the Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (WASPAS) method, which is a combination method of the WP method and the SAW method. The WASPAS method is expected to provide better results in assisting the determination of decision support systems. Then the best solution will be made to help make a decision to determine the feasibility of livestock assistance using the Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (WASPAS) method. The results of this study that get the highest ranking is Breeder 4 with a preference value of 0.84. This research also produces a decision support system that can analyze the right assistance to be given to farmers so that farmers can receive assistance according to the problems they face.
Personalized model of psychotherapeutic support for patients with COVID-19
Authors: Leshchyna I.V.
Published: August 2023

The study of mental disorders resulting from COVID-19 has high social and medical significance. At present, there is a need for comprehensive research aimed at studying the psychopathogenesis of mental disorders that develop on the background of COVID-19. It is also necessary to develop personalized programs of pathogenetically based therapy and rehabilitation for patients who have recovered from COVID-19. It was examined 125 patients with COVІD-19 with non-psychotic mental disorders, both sexes (68 women and 57 men) with a mean age of (36.0±3.4) years. In the clinical picture of non-psychotic mental disorders in the examined patients are depressive (29.1%), anxious (33.4% of patients), astheno-neurotic (24.2%) and cognitive (13.3%) syndromes, as shown by results of clinical and psycho­pathological study. Taking into account data obtained during the comprehensive examination of psychological, pathopsychological and clinical-psychopathological features of patients with COVID-19, it was developed a model of personalized psychotherapeutic support for patients who have recovered from COVID-19, which includes psychotherapy and psychoeducation. The psychotherapeutic program consisted of three consecutive stages: stage I – formation of compliance, stage II – corrective, stage III – consolidation and maintenance of results. An important component of the psychotherapeutic support program is psychoeducation, which aims to form an adequate system of ideas about the impact and consequences of COVID-19, and to involve patients in active participation in treatment. According to study results on the background of personalized psychotherapeutic support program of patients who have recovered from COVID-19, there was a stable therapeutic effect in examined patients, positive dynamics of psychopathological symptoms, increased psychophysical activity, improved cognitive performance and significant reduction of anxiety and depression.

Keywords: nonpsychotic mental disorders, coronavirus disease 2019, psycho­the­rapy, psychoeducation.
HUMAN SECURITY DI LAMPUNG: DILEMA PEMERINTAH DAERAH DALAM MENGHADAPI ANCAMAN TERHADAP KEAMANAN MANUSIA
Authors: Karisma Gita
Published: August 2023

Ancaman terhadap keamanan kontemporer tidak hanya bersumber dari invasi militer saja, melainkan juga datang dari masalah ekonomi, lingkungan, pangan, konflik etnis, terorisme dan lain sebagainya. Soal siapa yang perlu diutamakan keamananannya juga telah bergeser dari keamanan nasional menjadi keamanan manusia. Jika keamanan manusia terjamin maka keamanan nasional juga terjamin, sebaliknya negara yang aman tidak menjanjikan individu dan masyarakat di dalamnya juga merasakan aman. Keamanan manusia meliputi individu baik pada level nasional dan daerah. Artikel ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif untuk menjelaskan mengenai ragam ancaman dan kebijakan pemerintah provinsi Lampung terkait keamanan manusia. Lampung juga memiliki masalah yang mengancam keamanan manusia seperti masalah polusi dan pencemaran lingkungan, kemiskinan, radikalisme, konflik antar masyarakat, isu kesehatan terkait TBC dan pandemi covid 19, serta masalah kekerasan dan kriminalitas. Lampung sebagai salah satu daerah di Indonesia, masih mengutamakan kepolisian Republik Indonesia dan Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja dalam penanganan beberapa masalah keamanan manusia. Peraturan daerah di Lampung juga lebih banyak menekankan pelarangan untuk menciptakan kebebasan individu dari rasa takut ketimbang memberikan pemenuhan. Isu hak asasi manusia telah dijadikan sebagai prinsip utama dalam kebijakan keamanan daerah, namun pemerintah Lampung belum mempunyai pedoman yang jelas dan terpadu terkait keamanan manusia sebagaimana juga sistem keamanan nasional. Implementasi isu keamanan manusia lebih banyak diakomodir sebagai masalah sosial dan bersifat reaktif. Pemerintah mengalami dilema dalam beberapa penerapan keamanan manusia diantara memilih aspek mana yang harus diprioritaskan. Dalam menjamin keamanan ekonomi, terkadang pemerintah harus mengorbankan keamanan lingkungan, dan saat menjamin keamanan kesehatan, keamanan ekonomi dan kebebasan juga seringkali dilupakan.
PENGARUH JENIS BAHAN ORGANIK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI DUA VARIETAS BAWANG MERAH(Allium ascalonicum L.)
Authors: Pebriasih Dilly Yuda
Published: August 2023

Bawang merah sebagai tanaman hortikultura yang banyak dimanfaatkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari menyebabkan permintaan bawang merah yang terus meningkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis bahan organik terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman bawang merah, pertumbuhan varietas bawang merah terbaik dengan jenis bahan organik yang berbeda, dan interaksi pemberian bahan organik dan varietas yang berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman bawang merah.  Pelaksanaan penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Lapangan Terpadu, Universitas Lampung.  Perlakuan disusun secara faktorial (2x4) menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) terdiri dari 8 perlakuan diulang sebanyak tiga kali dengan faktor pertama yaitu varietas (V1=varietas Tajuk, V2= varietas Bima brebes) dan faktor kedua yaitu bahan organik (B1= pukan kambing, B2= pukan sapi, B3= cocopeat, B4=limbah media jamur).  Uji homogenitas ragam data menggunakan uji Barlett dan uji Additivitas dengan uji Tukey setekah asumsi terpenuhi data diolah dengan analisis ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) pada taraf 5%.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan jenis bahan organik berpengaruh terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, panjang akar, jumlah umbi per sampel, jumlah umbi perpetak, diameter umbi, bobot basah umbi per sampel,bobot basah umbi perpetak.  Pada perlakuan varietas  berpengaruh terhadap tinggi tanaman, panjang akar, jumlah umbi perpetak, diameter umbi, bobot basah umbi per sampel, bobot basah umbi perpetak.  Pertumbuhan dan produksi bawang merah varietas Bima Brebes dan varietas Tajuk, tidak dipengaruhi oleh jenis bahan organik yang digunakan (tidak terjadi interaksi).
DIPLOMASI PERTAHANAN INDONESIA MELALUI NAVAL DIPLOMACY DAN SEA POWER DI LAUT CINA SELATAN PADA TAHUN 2020
Authors: Kurniawan Lutfi
Published: August 2023

Implementasi diplomasi pertahanan terutama di wilayah maritim masih menjadi salah satu permasalahan yang ada pada proses diplomasi pertahanan suatu negara. Terdapat pemahaman akan strategi diplomasi pertahanan yang masih terlalu luas di wilayah maritim suatu negara, yaitu diplomasi maritim (maritime  diplomacy) sehingga pelaksanaan diplomasi pertahanan di wilayah kelautan atau maritim suatu negara masih belum efektif. Studi-studi terdahulu memaparkan bahwa maritime diplomacy adalah suatu strategi dalam diplomasi pertahanan di wilayah maritim yang sangat luas dan identik dengan penggunaan aktor-aktor militer saja, sedangkan naval diplomacy merupakan diplomasi pertahanan di wilayah maritim yang juga melibatkan non-military actors. Melengkapi studi-studi sebelumnya, argumentasi dalam penelitian ini adalah naval diplomacy merupakan konsep diplomasi pertahanan di wilayah maritim yang lebih efektif diterapkan dibandingkan maritime diplomacy. Studi ini secara khusus menggambarkan strategi diplomasi pertahanan di wilayah maritim Indonesia yang bersinggungan dengan wilayah Laut Cina Selatan yang menggunakan strategi naval diplomacy menurut Ken Booth. Studi ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui data sekunder yang dihimpun dari berbagai sumber dalam jaringan seperti berita dan penelitian sebelumnya mengenai diplomasi pertahanan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah strategi diplomasi pertahanan maritim dengan naval diplomacy dan sea power merupakan strategi diplomasi pertahanan maritim di Laut Cina Selatan bagi Indonesia lebih efektif untuk diterapkan karena melibatkan proses negosiasi yang juga melibatkan non-state actors. Tetapi, model diplomasi ini belum dapat efektif dilaksanakan di Indonesia pada tahun 2020 lalu.
FORMULASI MINYAK ATSIRI (ESSENTIAL OIL) CENGKEH (OLEUM SYZYGIUM AROMATICUM) PADA PEMBUATAN EAU DE PARFUME
Authors: Itamar Syafika , Utomo Tanto Pratondo , Fadhallah Esa Ghanim , Raysid Harun Al
Published: August 2023

Eau de parfume (EDP) adalah salah satu jenis parfum atau wewangian yang memiliki konsentrasi aromatik sekitar 15-20% dalam satuan mL  perbotol.  Indonesia memiliki potensi tanaman rempah penghasil minyak atsiri yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan aromatik pembuatan parfum, salah satunya tanaman cengkeh.  Penelitian ini berutujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik mutu parfum dan menganalisis biaya pokok produksi pada formulasi parfum terbaik.  Penelitian disusun dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dua faktor (A-B) dengan 5 pengulangan.  Perlakuan dalam penelitian ini yakni perbandingan minyak cengkeh : minyak aroma kakao : minyak pinus : minyak sereh dapur : minyak aroma kelapa, sebesar (mL)  1:4:1:1:3 (A1B1), 1:4:0,5:0,5:4 (A1B2), 0,8:4:1,1:1,1:3 (A2B1), 0,8:4:0,6:0,6:4 (A2B2).  Parameter yang diamati yaitu uji hedonik warna, aroma, intensitas aroma dan tingkatan aroma serta perlakuan terbaik yaitu uji noda, uji ketahanan wangi, kesesuaian parfum, dan analisis harga pokok produksi.  Data yang diperoleh dianalisis kehomogenannya dengan uji Bartlet, selanjutnya dianalisis sidik ragam (ANARA), dan uji lanjut dengan DMRT.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa  formulasiEau de parfume cengkeh yang terbaik didapatkan pada formulasi A2B2 ( 4mL kelapa : 0,8mL cengkeh : 4mL kakao/coklat : 0,6mL pinus : 0,6mL serai dapur). Formulasi ini memiliki karakteristik tidak terdapat noda, dengan uji ketahanan wangi sampai 55,57% di jam ke 5, serta kesesuaian parfum yang diterima oleh para panelis dengan aroma warmwoody. Hasil analisis biaya produk menghasilkan harga jual Rp. 50.000 per ukuran 30mL.
Determinación de proteínas en galleta por el método Kjeldahl
Authors: Ramos Payán María Dolores , Bello López Miguel Ángel , Fernández Torres Rut María , Ocaña González Juan Antonio , Fernández Espinosa Antonio José , Jiménez Palacios Francisco Joaquín
Published: August 2023

En esta práctica, se llevará a cabo la determinación del contenido en proteínas en una muestra de galleta mediante digestión Kjeldahl, destilación del amoniaco producido sobre ácido bórico y valoración con ácido sulfúrico.

El método Kjeldahl consiste en la digestión de la muestra con ácido sulfúrico a ebullición, en presencia de un catalizador, que convierte el nitrógeno orgánico en amonio. Con la adición de un exceso de hidróxido sódico, el ion amonio se libera en forma de amoníaco, que se destila y recoge sobre ácido bórico. El borato equivalente producido se valora con ácido sulfúrico estandarizado. El contenido de proteínas de un alimento se puede calcular
basándose en la relación existente entre la proteína y el nitrógeno orgánico que contiene un alimento específico. En el caso de las galletas, el factor estándar de conversión es 6,25.

Mejora en la compresión y realización de los casos prácticos de laboratorio. Destrezas en el empleo de técnicas analíticas cuantitativas.
Determinación de almidón en carne
Authors: Ramos Payán María Dolores , Bello López Miguel Ángel , Fernández Torres Rut María , Ocaña González Juan Antonio , Fernández Espinosa Antonio José , Jiménez Palacios Francisco Joaquín
Published: August 2023

Este recurso es un video didáctico sobre clases prácticas de laboratorio en la asignatura de Análisis de Alimentos. Se determina la proteína en un alimento como es la galleta empleando técnicas analíticas cuantitativas.

Los almidones naturales o modificados se usan con frecuencia como aditivos en la fabricación de productos cárnicos. En productos procesados de ave, suelen usarse para aumentar el rendimiento, mejorar la textura, producir delgadas rebanadas de carne y mejorar la aceptabilidad del producto.

El almidón presente en la muestra se solubiliza e hidroliza con ácido perclórico, tras eliminar grasas y azúcares de bajo peso molecular, y se hace reaccionar con el reactivo antrona-sulfúrico, dando un complejo verde que permite su medición

espectrofotométrica. La antrona reacciona con azúcares reductores y no reductores por oxidación con ácido sulfúrico; se trata de un método no estequiométrico.

Mejora en la compresión y realización de los casos prácticos de laboratorio. Destrezas en el empleo de técnicas analíticas cuantitativas espectrofotométricas y de procedimientos de extracción.
ZUR CHARAKTERISTIK DER ASPEKTUELLEN MERKMALEN VON FUNKTIONALVERBGEFÜGEN MIT DEN LIMITIERTEN VERBEN IN DER MODERNEN DEUTSCHEN SPRACHE
Authors: RISAEVA Oksana
Published: August 2023

Der wissenschaftliche Artikel widmet sich der Betrachtung der aspektuellen Bedeutungen der Funktionalverbgefügen (FVG). In Aussagen, an denen die oben genannten Kombinationen beteiligt sind, werden verschiedene Arten von Aspektsituationen offenbart. Die Kernkomponenten der Aspektsituationen (AS) sind einschränkende (begrenzte, limitierte) Funktionsverben. Bei der Identifizierung aspektueller Bedeutungen wurden „interpretative“ und „multiaspektdominante“ Methoden verwendet. Bei der Bestimmung des AS-Typs haben wir sowohl die im FVG enthaltenen sprachlichen Informationen als auch die Kontextinformationen berücksichtigt.
Die Relevanz der Analyse liegt darin, dass in der germanischen Literatur die Semantik von Kombinationen mit Funktionsverben unterschiedlich und oft widersprüchlich hinsichtlich des Aspekts charakterisiert wird. Die Analyse von Aspektsituationen zeigte, dass die Funktionalverbgefügen mit Limit-verben an der Organisation der verschiedenen Arten von Aspektsituationen, sowohl Terminativ- als auch Durativsituationen, beteiligt sein können, die wiederum mit verschiedenen Zeichen aspektueller und nichtaspektueller Natur verbunden sein können. Die Materialien des Artikels sowie die angewandten Methoden können bei der Untersuchung der Arten der Aspektsemantik von Verb-Nominal-Kombinationen ähnlicher Art in verschiedenen Sprachen verwendet werden.
STUDENTS’ DIFFICULTIES IN WRITING LINKING WORD
Authors: Alviona Dwi Marcella
Published: August 2023

The objective of the research was to find out the students’ difficulties in writing linking word. The design of this research was descriptive method. The instrument of the research was linking word test by Buczko et.al (2017 :1-10) and questionnaire adapted from Pramadani (2021) about students’ difficulties. The result showed the fourth semester students in English study program have difficulties in writing linking word. The students lack knowledge about linking word because they difficult to understand the material so they difficult to identify linking word in the sentence. After that, the students also did not how much type of linking word and how to use it so they difficult to choose word and write the correct linking word that appropriate with the sentence. It is suggested the students: Students need the assistance to overcome the difficulties that they faced in writing linking word. The students should learn and practice to write linking word more to increase their ability in linking word.

 

Key words: Linking Word, Students Writing Difficulties
‘Psychische huid’ bij autisme en narcisme: een psychoanalytisch perspectief
Authors: Edrisi Mohsen
Published: August 2023

Autism and narcissism in adulthood can look similar, complicating psychiatric classification. Using the psychoanalytic model of the psychic skin, together with clinical examples, an attempt will be made to map differences between the two phenomena which may initiate phenomenological and psychodynamic research and sharpen differential diagnosis.
مظاهر الاستدلال الحجاجيّ ووظائفه في القصّة القرآنيّة المغلقة القصيرة قصّة النبيّ سليمان مع ملكة سبأ أنموذجا
Authors: الخاقاني عقيل , الربيعي بان
Published: August 2023

إذا كان الحِجاج من المنظور اللسانيّ سمة بارزة في لغة الخطاب الطبيعيّ، فإنّ ماهية الاستدلال في هذا الخطاب تتمثل في أنّه استدلال حجاجيّ لامنطقيّ برهاني، وبناء عليه فإنّه يعتمد استراتيجيات خطابية متعددة وتقنيات أسلوبية متنوعة تمثل مظاهر لتشكيل البنية الاستدلالية للحِجاج، وتمتلك البنية اللغوية التي تتجلى فيها مظاهر ذلك الاستدلال وظيفة حجاجية تتمثل في توجيه المخاطب إلى استنباط النتيجة اللائقة بقصد المتكلم ، ويسعى البحث في هذا المقام إلى استجلاء مظاهر الاستدلال الحجاجيّ في قصة النبيّ سليمان وملكة سبأ، وإيضاح الوظائف الحجاجية التي انطوت عليها بنية ملفوظاتها، ومن ثم الوصول إلى الغايات التي يشتمل عليها الخطاب القصصي في القرآن الكريم.
ورقة بن نوفل دراسة تاريخية
Authors: الحجاج محسن
Published: August 2023

تناول البحث شخصية غامضة في التاريخ الاسلامي وهو ورقة بن نوفل حيث ذكرت الروايات علاقته بالنبي ()وبالغت فيه حتى كأنه اصبح موجها للنبي ()واستاذا له ، وأبتدأ البحث بنسب ورقة وحياته قبل البعثة النبوية ثم موقفه من الدعوة الاسلامية ، وتطرق البحث ايضا الى الاسباب السياسية والاقتصادية لوضع الروايات واختلاقها مما شوه الحقيقة التاريخية للسيرة العطرة للنبي ()، واختتم البحث بموضوع وفاة ورقة واختلاف الروايات في ذلك .
دور المؤسسات الثقافية في التصدي لظاهرة التطرف الفكري في العالم الاسلامي
Authors: الهلالي فاضل
Published: August 2023

يعد موضوع (التطرف الفكري) من بين أبرز المواضيع التي اسهمت وبشكل كبير في التأثير على طبيعة ومسارات الاحداث والوقائع التي شهدها التاريخ الإسلامي وذلك منذ صدر الإسلام ولغاية الزمن المعاصر, اذ ان ما يتضمنه هذا الموضوع من دلالات وابعاد ومضامين لها الأثر الواضح والكبير في رسم وتشكيل التوجهات الفكرية المنغلقة التي لاترى من الحقيقة الا ما تؤمن به وتعتقده انه يمثل الصواب بالنسبة لها, وبصرف النظر عن أي اعتبارات أخرى مهما كانت حجيتها ودلالاتها فالحقيقة والصواب بالنسبة لها هي مطلقة وثابتة وواحدة, ولامكان للنقاش والحوار والجدل والاجتهاد بعد ذلك وبأي حال من الأحوال, ان هذا الفهم وهذا التصور هو بعيد كل البعد عن رسالة الإسلام التي هي في جوهرها وحقيقتها رسالة حوار وتفاهم وتسامح وتناصح واحترام متبادل وتعايش وسلام, كما في قوله تعالى (ادع الى سبيل ربك بالحكمة والموعظة الحسنة وجادلهم بالتي هي احسن ان ربك هو اعلم بمن ضل عن سبيله وهو اعلم بالمهتدين). صدق الله العلي العظيم

ان التراكم التاريخي لهذه الظاهرة الخطيرة (التطرف الفكري) اسهم وبشكل كبير في بروز تيارات فكرية متطرفة وخطيرة في شتى بلدان العالم الإسلامي, لاسيما على مستوى التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر, وهو الامر الذي أدى الى ظهور الحركات الإرهابية المتطرفة التي هددت السلم الأهلي والمجتمعي والاستقرار السياسي والازدهار الاقتصادي في الكثير من دول العالم الإسلامي.

ان طبيعة التحديات والرهانات التي تحملها وتطرحها المرحلة التاريخية الراهنة التي تعيشها المجتمعات الإسلامية تتطلب وبالحاح ضرورة التصدي لهذه الظاهرة الخطيرة (التطرف الفكري) ومن هنا يبرز أهمية الدور المحروي الذي تقوم به المؤسسات الثقافية في مختلف بلدان العالم الإسلامي في التصدي لهذه الظاهرة الخطيرة وذلك من خلال الدراسات والبحوث التي تعنى بتشخيص وتحليل هذه الظاهرة, وإيجاد المتطلبات والحلول والاليات الكفيلة في التصدي لها ومعالجة اثارها المدمرة, وذلك على الصعيد الثقافي (الفكري) وعلى الصعيد الاجتماعي والصعيد السياسي والصعيد الاقتصادي.

ان اصل وجوهر التحدي المطروح اليوم هو تحدي فكري وثقافي بالدرجة الأساس, ومن الضرورة بمكان وكما نعتقد ان نكون بمستوى هذا التحدي المطروح, اذ ان شبابنا واجيالنا المعاصرة واللاحقة تتعرض لهجمة فكرية وثقافية شرسة, ذات ابعاد وجوانب متعددة ومتنوعة يشغل حيز كبير منها جانب التطرف الفكري الذي اصبح العنوان الابرز لهذا العصر.

وعلى أساس ماتقدم سيحاول الباحث دراسة وبحث هذا الموضوع في بحث جاء بعنوان (دور المؤسسات الثقافية في التصدي لظاهرة التطرف الفكري في العالم الإسلامي) اذ تضمن البحث مبحثين أساسيين الأول جاء بعنوان (الاطار المفاهيمي لظاهرة التطرف الفكري) وجاء المبحث الثاني بعنوان (متطلبات واليات مواجهة ظاهرة التطرف الفكري في العالم الإسلامي).