bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of amoxicillin biodegradation using a fluidized bed reactor
Authors: Aziz Mays Abbas , Al Kindi Ghayda Yaseen , Hussein Amal Ali
Published: October 2024

In recent decades, emerging pharmaceutical contaminants, such as personal care items, pharmaceuticals, and disinfectants, have increased alarmingly in aquatic ecosystems. The efficacy of wastewater treatment plants in eliminating these contaminants has been demonstrated. This study aims to find an alternative method, such as using the fluidized bed reactor (FBR) with bacteria to remove amoxicillin from wastewater. The active bacteria Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae were isolated from one of the pharmaceutical factories in Baghdad, Iraq, from Al-Jazeera wastewater, which was used in FBR technology to decompose the antibiotic amoxicillin. The study examined several operational parameters, including pH, total organic carbon (TOC), dissolved carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration, airflow rate, amoxicillin concentration, and bacterial number, while maintaining a constant temperature. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to find the reaction route. The maximum amoxicillin removal efficiency was 93% and 91% for Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae, respectively. For both bacterial species, the pH decreased due to the formation of amino acids and CO2. The suitable operation condition was 5 mg/L of amoxicillin concentration, flow rate of 30 m/s, and the number of bacteria 47 x 105 cfm/mL and 40 x 105 cfm/mL for Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae, respectively. After treatment, the number of bacteria increased due to the degradation of amoxicillin. The steady-state time is found at 64 hours. The organic matter reaction pathway ends at the aromatic amino acid lysine, which kills gram-negative bacteria. This method was found to be successful in removing amoxicillin in low concentrations by using Acinetobacter baumannii. In the future, treating amoxicillin in wastewater using FBR technology with gram-positive bacteria is recommended.
A NOVA LEI DE LICITAÇÕES E CONTRATOS PÚBLICOS: AVANÇOS E OBSTÁCULOS DE SUA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO JUNTO AO MUNICÍPIO DE CHUPINGUAIA-RO
Authors: Lima Aline De Andrade , Andrade Liliane Maria Nery , Rossoni Estela Pitwak , Conselvan Victor de Almeida
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: O objetivo deste artigo é analisar os impactos da institucionalização da Lei nº 14.133/2021 nos municípios de pequeno porte, destacando os principais aspectos relacionados aos processos licitatórios, com um olhar voltado em especial ao município de Chupinguaia, Rondônia. Métodos: Para o presente estudo, foi utilizado método qualitativo com revisão da literatura, pesquisa de campo e entrevista utilizando roteiro semiestruturado. Resultados: A Lei nº 14.133/2021 - Lei de Licitações e Contratos Administrativos surge no cenário jurídico brasileiro em substituição a Lei nº 8.666/93. No entanto, há indícios de que a plena adoção dessa nova legislação está enfrentando desafios significativos, apresentando obstáculos para os agentes públicos. Isso se deve às complexidades dos processos e às novas exigências introduzidas por ela. A implementação não é um procedimento simples, envolvendo alterações legislativas, de controle e governança, assim como mudanças culturais, estruturais e de mercado. A escassez de pessoal qualificado, falta de conhecimento técnico, motivação e aspectos culturais são características marcantes nos quadros de pessoal dos municípios. A legislação, regulamentação e normas estabelecidas não emergiram como fatores facilitadores, mas sim como elementos que dificultam a implementação da lei. Conclusão: Conclui-se que os principais impactos da nova Lei de licitações estão relacionados ao capital social, ou seja, às pessoas.
A FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA E RESSIGNIFICAÇÃO DA IDENTIDADE DOCENTE EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA
Authors: Silva Cristiane Rodrigues Thiel , Souza Leila Cristina Aoyama Barbosa , Lopes Ana Lúcia Almeida
Published: October 2024

Este estudo, de abordagem qualitativa e cunho bibliográfico, tem como objetivo destacar a importância da Formação Continuada na ressignificação da identidade docente em tempos de pandemia. Sobretudo em meio ao isolamento social provocado pela pandemia do novo Coronavírus (Covid-19), em virtude do qual o contexto da educação foi marcado por mudanças abruptas e incertezas no ensino, que provocaram muitas reflexões no âmbito educacional. A suspensão das aulas presenciais exigiu o repensar do ensino tradicional e de novas formas de ensinar, relacionar e interagir com os estudantes. Neste espaço de tempo em que vigorou o distanciamento social, predominaram as aulas online (ensino remoto, ensino híbrido). No retorno das aulas presenciais, em decorrência dos avanços da vacinação, em meados do ano letivo de 2021, observou-se que a escola já não era mais a mesma. Exige-se, do professor, competências professorais, através da apropriação de novos saberes docentes, dentre eles, o conhecimento e uso das tecnologias digitais. Assim, fundamentado em autores como Pimenta (2012), Tardif (2014), Feitosa (2019) e Nóvoa (2022) e analisando o contexto histórico, evidencia-se que a formação continuada, seja na escola ou em rede, mais do que em tempos anteriores, se constitui como espaço para o aperfeiçoamento profissional, reconstrução e ressignificação docente, bem como a significação da prática pedagógica.
REVISÕES SISTEMÁTICAS NA PESQUISA EM EDUCAÇÃO MATEMÁTICA: POTENCIALIDADES E LIMITES
Authors: CASTRO R.S.
Published: October 2024

O presente artigo investiga as potencialidades e limitações das revisões sistemáticas na pesquisa em Educação Matemática. Contextualiza-se a relevância dessa metodologia no campo educacional, destacando seu rigor metodológico e a capacidade de sintetizar conhecimentos, identificar lacunas na literatura e orientar políticas educacionais e práticas pedagógicas. A revisão sistemática é uma ferramenta poderosa para consolidar evidências e, ao mesmo tempo, apresenta desafios, como a escassez de estudos de alta qualidade e o viés de publicação. São analisados exemplos de estudos sobre ansiedade matemática e formação docente, destacando o impacto das revisões sistemáticas nesses temas. O artigo conclui que, embora sejam essenciais para o avanço da pesquisa, as revisões sistemáticas exigem uma abordagem crítica e reflexiva para superar suas limitações e maximizar seus benefícios, promovendo uma educação matemática mais inclusiva e baseada em evidências.
A DOENÇA HEPÁTICA GORDUROSA NÃO ALCOÓLICA: PROCESSOS CELULARES E MOLECULARES COMO FERRAMENTAS NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE NOVOS FÁRMACOS
Authors: Pansa C.C. , Oliveira A.C. P. , Jana A.G.O.F , Moraes K.C.M.
Published: October 2024

As doenças hepáticas correlacionadas ao acúmulo de gordura e não alcoólicas vêm aumentando exponencialmente nas últimas décadas, tornando-se um sério problema de saúde públicas. Independente da idade ou da etnia, essas patogenias, também conhecidas por esteatose ou fígado gordo vêm se tornando cada vez mais recorrentes devido a diversidade de agentes etiológicos que variam de maus hábitos alimentares, obesidade, disfunções metabólicas como o diabetes e a presença de contaminantes ambientais, que alteram a homeostase dos organismos e favorece o acúmulo de lipídeos no fígado. Aliado a isso, a falta de opções medicamentosas para o tratamento dessa anomalia, faz com que as opções terapêuticas se concentrem na mudança de estilo de vida pelo paciente, que nem sempre é eficaz. Portanto, faz-se necessário a elucidação de particularidades mecanísticas, em nível celular e molecular que subsidiem o desenvolvimento de novos fármacos e para isso, modelos alternativos, como a cultura de células hepáticas em condições in vitro, vêm se tornando uma grande aliada. Nesse estudo abordamos, importantes aspectos dos processos biológicos que devem ser explorados para o desenvolvimento de novas opções farmacológicas no controle das doenças do fígado gordo.
Evaluating MCMC Convergence in a Bayesian Model of ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Female Patients in Malaysia
Authors: Juhan Nurliyana , Zubairi Yong Zulina , Mahmood Zuhdi Ahmad Syadi , Mohd Khalid Zarina
Published: October 2024

The majority of research that looked at the Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approach for prognostic modelling of cardiovascular disease only focused on the use of the Bayesian approach in variable selection, model selection, and prior distribution selection. But very few of this research has looked at the Markov chains' convergence in the model. In this study, convergence diagnostics were carried out to evaluate the convergence of Markov chains using both visual inspection and additional diagnostics. The National Cardiovascular Disease Database-Acute Coronary Syndrome (NCVD-ACS) registry, which included 1248 female patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) between 2006 and 2013, was used for this study's analysis. The multivariate Bayesian model identified six significant variables: dyslipidaemia, myocardial infarction, smoking, renal disease, Killip class, and age group. The trace plots did not reveal any distinctive patterns based on these significant variables, and the model's MCMC mixing is typically good. While for the autocorrelation plots, mild autocorrelations for age group, Killip IV, as well as the intercept term in the model. Since there were only mild autocorrelations, no thinning is needed. Also, the Geweke diagnostic showed that the chain is divided into two windows containing a set fraction of the first and last iterations which produced standard Z-scores. The Geweke diagnostic did not provide evidence of non-convergence, as none of the Z-scores fell in the extreme tails of the N (0,1). In this study, a number of plots and additional diagnostic tools showed that the Markov chains have reached convergence, which is relevant to the general use of the MCMC approach.
РЕАЛИЗАЦИЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ READING CIRCLES НА ЗАНЯТИЯХ ПО ИНОСТРАННОМУ ЯЗЫКУ В ЯЗЫКОВЫХ ВУЗАХ
Authors: А.В. Божкова , Т.А. Кулакова
Published: October 2024

Педагогическая технология Reading Circles, используемая при обучении иностранным языкам, плавно вписывается в рамки коммуникативно-деятельностного подхода. Несмотря на наличие работ зарубежных исследователей, посвященных особенностям использования данной технологии в начальной и средней школе, многие вопросы, касающиеся ее применения при преподавании английского как иностранного в российских языковых вузах, продолжают оставаться дискуссионными. В статье технология Reading Circlesрассматривается как средство обучения иностранному языку, которая позволяет обучающимся модерировать процесс обсуждения прочитанного. Цель статьи – определить, будет ли использование данной технологии способствовать более активному участию студентов в процессе дискуссии и их вовлечению в учебный процесс. Основные методы исследования – анализ научной литературы и информационных ресурсов по приме­нению технологии Reading Circles, а также анкетирование, наблюдение и изучение опыта деятельности. Технология апробирована в лингвистическом институте ФГБОУ ВО «Алтайский государственный педагогический университет». Полученные результаты анкетирования студентов свидетельствуют о том, что использование технологии Reading Circles положительно влияет на мотивацию обучающихся и их вовлеченность в обсуждение, что, в свою очередь, способствует развитию их иноязычной коммуникативной компетенции.

The educational technology Reading Circles of teaching a foreign language fits into the frameworks of communicative and activity approach. Despite the fact that there are foreign scholars’ works devoted to the peculiarities of this technology use in primary and secondary schools, many issues concerning its use in the process of teaching English as a second language in linguistic institutions of higher education in Russia are still debatable. The paper treats the technology Reading Circle as a means of teaching a foreign language that allows students to moderate the process of books discussion. The objective of the article is to determine whether the use of Reading Circles will facilitate students’ more active participation in the discussion and their involvement into a study process. The methods used in the paper are scientific literature and information resources analysis in the sphere of Reading Circles use and empirical methods including a questionnaire study and an observation method and the study of activity experience. The technology was tested in the linguistic institute of FSFEI HE “Altai State Pedagogical University”. The questionnaire results say that the Reading Circles use develops students’ motivation and their involvement into the discussion process that in its turn contributes to the development of foreign communicative competence.
ОБУЧЕНИЕ СЛУЖЕНИЕМ В ОБРАЗОВАНИИ: СОЦИАЛЬНО-ФИЛОСОФСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ НАРРАТИВОВ
Authors: Н.В. Ластухина , С.Е. Степанова
Published: October 2024

В статье представлен анализ опыта реализации курса «Обучение служением» в вузе. Эта деятельность предполагает, что студенты обучаются и одновременно, применяя профессиональные навыки, приносят пользу обществу в решении социальных задач. В данной работе предлагается комплексный, междисциплинарный подход, состоящий из сочетания социально-философской рефлексии с педагогическими и культурологическими аспектами, что позволяет осветить рассматриваемую проблему под различными углами зрения. Акцент сделан на ценностно-мировоззренческих трансформациях личности. Важным элементом новизны исследования становится изучение социокультурного значения рассматриваемого проекта. Обучение служением в этом контексте заявляет о себе как инновационная образовательная программа, способная выступить прототипом новой парадигмы высшего образования, ориентированного не на узкую профессионализацию, а на формирование человека в единстве его когнитивных, эмоциональных и поведенческих аспектов. Социально-философское осмысление нарративов курса может стать основой для формирования подхода, ориентированного на всестороннее личностное развитие. В результате исследования раскрыты концептуальные основы курса, направленного на обучение служению, ее ценностно-мировоззренческие установки. Оценены соответствия содержания курса задачам духовно-нравственного развития личности. Исследованы индивидуальные трансформации студентов в ходе освоения курса.

This article presents the analysis of the experience of implementation of the course “Service-Learning” in an educational organization. Service-learning implies that students, while studying and applying their professional skills, benefit society in solving social problems. This paper proposes a comprehensive, interdisciplinary approach consisting of a combination of socio-philosophical reflection with pedagogical and cultural aspects, which allows us to highlight the problem from various angles. The focus is on the value-worldview transformations of the personality. The novelty of the paper is the study of the socio-cultural significance of the “Service-Learning” program. Service-learning in this context declares itself as an innovative educational program capable of acting as a prototype of a new paradigm of higher education, focused not on narrow professionalization, but on the comprehensive development of a person in the unity of his cognitive, emotional and behavioral aspects. The socio-philosophical understanding of the narratives of the course can contribute to the formation of an approach focused on the comprehensive development of personality. As a result of the research, the conceptual foundations of the course aimed at service-learning, its value and worldview attitudes are revealed. The correspondence of the course content to the tasks of spiritual and moral development of the individual is evaluated. The personal transformations of students during the course are investigated.
ФОРМЫ И МЕТОДЫ НАСТАВНИЧЕСТВА ПРИ ПРОФОРИЕНТАЦИИ ШКОЛЬНИКА К БУДУЩЕЙ ПРОФЕССИИ
Authors: Е.В. Федосеева , Г.У. Матушанский
Published: October 2024

Настоящая статья посвящена изучению роли наставничества как стратегически значимого элемента подготовки школьника к выбору его будущей профессиональной деятельности. Эта составляющая анализируемой работы выдвигает на первый план задачи по формированию уникальных знаний, навыков и компетенций, развитию их потенциала и поведенческих моделей, соответствующих целям повышения вовлеченности и инновационной активности обучающегося. В статье раскрыты современные формы рассматриваемого явления и представлены актуальные в настоящее время методы работы наставника со школьниками. Цель исследования состоит в раскрытии значимости наставничества в профессиональном становлении обучающихся – от школьника до квалифицированного специалиста. Авторами рассмотрены наиболее эффективные формы и методы наставничества, необходимые при профориентации детей к будущей профессии по циклу Шухрата–Деминга. Исследование позволяет сделать вывод о том, что наставничество является действенным инструментом при самоопределении детей и их дальнейшем выборе той или иной сферы профессиональной деятельности, неотъемлемой частью которого является знакомство с различнымивозможностями на рынке труда.

This article examines mentoring as a strategically important element of the development and training of a student to determine his future professional education. This element of the student’s mentoring system highlights the tasks of forming unique knowledge, skills and competencies, developing their potential and forming behavioral models that correspond to the goals of development, increasing the involvement and innovative activity of the student. The need for mentoring in the student's career guidance is considered. The analysis of mentoring formation from the origins to the present is carried out, its modern forms are revealed and the methods of mentor’s work with schools that are relevant today are presented. The main purpose of the work is to reveal the importance and relevance of mentoring for the professional development of students at the beginning of the path from a student to a qualified specialist. It is considered which forms and methods of mentoring will be more effective in career guidance of a student to a future profession according to the cycle of U. Shukhrat - E. Deming in order to build the most effective career guidance trajectory. The study allows us to conclude that mentoring is an effective tool for career guidance of schoolchildren and contributes to the successful process of choosing a future profession. It helps students to better understand themselves, their interests and abilities, as well as to familiarize themselves with various opportunities in the labor market.
Pregabalin as an Effective Adjunct in Postoperative Care following Third Molar Removal
Authors: Karna Gaurav , Joshi Sandhya , Koju Asmita , Bhandari Kishor , Banu Haque Ishfa , Sahani Bikash , Khanal Bandana
Published: October 2024

Background: The surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molar is probably the most commonly performed procedure in oral & maxillofacial surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of pregabalin as an adjunct to standard analgesia for managing postoperative pain, facial swelling, and trismus following mandibular third molar extraction.  Methods: A total of 136 patients undergoing bilateral extractions were included. Each patient served as their own control, receiving pregabalin with standard analgesia for one extraction and only standard analgesia for the other. Postoperative pain was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) at various intervals, while facial swelling and interincisal distance (IID) were measured on Days 1, 3, 7, and 14.  Results: VAS scores were higher in the control group; however, it was not statistically significant (P = 0.000) at any time interval. % facial swelling was significantly lower in the test group on postoperative day 1[2.32(1.77- 2.95) test; 2.32 (1.82-3.60) control; P = 0.009] and day 3 [6.67 (5.17-8.44) test; 7.49 (5.77-9.43) control; P = 0.004]. However, no significant differences were seen on postoperative day 7 and day 14. Similarly, no significant differences in mouth opening measurements were found.  Conclusion: Pregabalin is effective as an adjuvant therapy in reducing pain and facial swelling after third molar surgery. However, multicenter, randomized, double- blinded studies are recommended to confirm these findings.
Technological sovereignty and educational policy
Authors:   RF State Duma Committee on Science and Higher Education, Smolin O.N.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to one of the most urgent problems – the staffing of technological sovereignty of Russia. The author analyzes the factors that actualize this problem, including the imprecisely formulated import substitution strategy. In the author's opinion, the most acute problems of educational policy in this regard are the training of highly qualified workers, engineers and teachers. The article formulates specific proposals, the general meaning of which is financial and social prioritization, which makes it possible to reduce or overcome the personnel shortages in the relevant areas of the national economy.
Short-term achievements and long-term objectives of Russia’s economic turn to the east
Authors:   Institute of Scientific Information for Social Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kuznetsov A.V.
Published: October 2024

The article shows that in 2022-2023 Russia has managed to quickly change the geography of its foreign trade in goods by turning to the East, and not only to China, but also to India and some other Asian countries. At the same time, the commodity structure of Russia's foreign trade is changing slowly, and the inertia of the direct investment sector has led to a reduction in the activity of Russian TNCs abroad. Thus, Russia's clear success in preventing its international isolation cannot be overlooked by the continuing problems of long-term strengthening of Russia's place in the world economy.
Analysis of financial transactions of clients based on POS and RFID data using instruments of big data analytics
Authors:   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Kholod M.V.
Published: October 2024

This article describes the concept of a financial transaction in the context of collecting and analyzing POS and RFID data, which describe the client component of the management object of a trade and service enterprise. The creation of a technical and experimental environment for the collection of such data is considered in detail, and descriptive characteristics of the experimental site, namely the trading floor, are given. In addition, an approach to processing such data is illustrated and examples of their visualization are provided.
Strategic planning as a tool for ensuring technological sovereignty
Authors:   Institute of Economics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lenchuk E.E.
Published: October 2024

The article substantiates the objective need to intensify the use of strategic planning tools in the practice of public governance for the creation of a new competitive development model aimed at ensuring technological sovereignty in the conditions of external restrictions. Particular emphasis is placed on considering the process of goal setting in the scientific and technological sphere and its linkage with the general tasks of development of the real sector of the economy. In this regard, program and regulatory documents in force in the field of scientific and technological development are analyzed, of current program and regulatory documents in the field of scientific and technological development is carried out, their inconsistencies and problematic (bottleneck) areas are identified, and on this basis, measures are proposed to improve the process of strategic planning of scientific and technological development and its transfer to a systematic basis.
Modern aspects of the development of high-tech branches of Russian industry
Authors:   Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Kostygova L.A. , Sorokin D.D. ,   Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University)
Published: October 2024

The article considers the main aspects of the development of high-tech industries that reflect the realities of the modern period, they primarily include: consolidation of efforts of all participants in the process; localization and accelerated development of own production of high-tech products; implementation of measures of state support and stimulation of technological development; consideration of Russian realities, consisting in the presence and strengthening of a role in the economy countries of state corporations and companies with state participation. The article describes the considered directions, provides specific examples of their implementation.
The Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program: Cosmological Analysis and Systematic Uncertainties
Authors: Vincenzi M. , Brout D. , Armstrong P. , Popovic B. , Taylor G. , Acevedo M. , Camilleri R. , Chen R. , Davis T. M. , Lee J. , Lidman C. , Hinton S. R. , Kelsey L. , Kessler R. , Möller A. , Qu H. , Sako M. , Sanchez B. , Scolnic D. , Smith M. , Sullivan M. , Wiseman P. , Asorey J. , Bassett B. A. , Carollo D. , Carr A. , Foley R. J. , Frohmaier C. , Galbany L. , Glazebrook K. , Graur O. , Kovacs E. , Kuehn K. , Malik U. , Nichol R. C. , Rose B. , Tucker B. E. , Toy M. , Tucker D. L. , Yuan F. , Abbott T. M. C. , Aguena M. , Alves O. , Allam S. S. , Andrade-Oliveira F. , Annis J. , Bacon D. , Bechtol K. , Bernstein G. M. , Brooks D. , Burke D. L. , Carnero Rosell A. , Carretero J. , Castander F. J. , Conselice C. , da Costa L. N. , Pereira M. E. S. , Desai S. , Diehl H. T. , Doel P. , Ferrero I. , Flaugher B. , Friedel D. , Frieman J. , García-Bellido J. , Gatti M. , Giannini G. , Gruen D. , Gruendl R. A. , Hollowood D. L. , Honscheid K. , Huterer D. , James D. J. , Kuropatkin N. , Lahav O. , Lee S. , Lin H. , Marshall J. L. , Mena-Fernández J. , Menanteau F. , Miquel R. , Palmese A. , Pieres A. , Plazas Malagón A. A. , Porredon A. , Romer A. K. , Roodman A. , Sanchez E. , Sanchez Cid D. , Schubnell M. , Sevilla-Noarbe I. , Suchyta E. , Swanson M. E. C. , Tarle G. , To C. , Walker A. R. , Weaverdyck N. , Yamamoto M. ,   DES Collaboration
Published: October 2024

We present the full Hubble diagram of photometrically classified Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) from the Dark Energy Survey supernova program (DES-SN). DES-SN discovered more than 20,000 SN candidates and obtained spectroscopic redshifts of 7000 host galaxies. Based on the light-curve quality, we select 1635 photometrically identified SNe Ia with spectroscopic redshift 0.10 < z < 1.13, which is the largest sample of supernovae from any single survey and increases the number of known z > 0.5 supernovae by a factor of 5. In a companion paper, we present cosmological results of the DES-SN sample combined with 194 spectroscopically classified SNe Ia at low redshift as an anchor for cosmological fits. Here we present extensive modeling of this combined sample and validate the entire analysis pipeline used to derive distances. We show that the statistical and systematic uncertainties on cosmological parameters are

σ

Ω

M

,
stat
+
sys

Λ
CDM

=

0.017 in a flat ΛCDM model, and

(

σ

Ω

M

,

σ

w

)

stat
+
sys

w
CDM

= (0.082, 0.152) in a flat wCDM model. Combining the DES SN data with the highly complementary cosmic microwave background measurements by Planck Collaboration reduces by a factor of 4 uncertainties on cosmological parameters. In all cases, statistical uncertainties dominate over systematics. We show that uncertainties due to photometric classification make up less than 10% of the total systematic uncertainty budget. This result sets the stage for the next generation of SN cosmology surveys such as the Vera C. Rubin Observatory's Legacy Survey of Space and Time.
Boundary Layers of Circumplanetary Disks around Spinning Planets. II. Global Modes with Azimuthal Magnetic Fields
Authors: Fu 付 Zhihao 智豪 , Huang 黄 Shunquan 顺权 , Yu 余 Cong 聪
Published: October 2024

The accretion of material from disks onto weakly magnetized objects invariably involves its traversal through a material surface, known as the boundary layer (BL). Our prior studies have revealed two distinct global wave modes for circumplanetary disks with BLs exhibiting opposite behaviors in spin modulation. We perform a detailed analysis of the effects of magnetic fields on these global modes, highlighting how magnetic resonances and turning points could complicate the wave dynamics. The angular momentum flux becomes positive near the BL with increasing magnetic field strength. We also examine the perturbation profile to demonstrate the amplification of magnetic fields within the BL. The dependence of growth rates on the magnetic field strength and the spin rate are systematically investigated. We find that stronger magnetic fields tend to result in lower terminal spin rates. We stress the potential possibility of the formation of angular momentum belts and pressure bumps. The implications for the spin evolution and quasiperiodic oscillations observed in compact objects are also briefly discussed. Our calculations advance the understanding of magnetohydrodynamical accretion processes and lay a foundation for observational studies and numerical simulations.
Do All Fast Radio Bursts Repeat? Constraints from CHIME/FRB Far Sidelobe FRBs
Authors: Lin Hsiu-Hsien , Scholz Paul , Ng Cherry , Pen Ue-Li , Bhardwaj Mohit , Chawla Pragya , Curtin Alice P. , Li Dongzi , Newburgh Laura , Reda Alex , Sand Ketan R. , Tendulkar Shriharsh P. , Andersen Bridget , Bandura Kevin , Brar Charanjot , Cassanelli Tomas , Cook Amanda M. , Dobbs Matt , Dong Fengqiu Adam , Eadie Gwendolyn , Fonseca Emmanuel , Gaensler B. M. , Giri Utkarsh , Herrera-Martin Antonio , Hill Alex S. , Kaczmarek Jane , Kania Joseph , Kaspi Victoria , Khairy Kholoud , Lanman Adam E. , Leung Calvin , Masui Kiyoshi W. , Mena-Parra Juan , Meyers Bradley Ward , Michilli Daniele , Milutinovic Nikola , Ordog Anna , Pearlman Aaron B. , Pleunis Ziggy , Rafiei-Ravandi Masoud , Rahman Mubdi , Ransom Scott , Sanghavi Pranav , Shin Kaitlyn , Smith Kendrick , Stairs Ingrid , Stenning David C , Vanderlinde Keith , Wulf Dallas
Published: October 2024

We report 10 fast radio bursts (FRBs) detected in the far sidelobe region (i.e., ≥5° off-meridian) of the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) from August 28 2018 to August 31 2021. We localize the bursts by fitting their spectra with a model of the CHIME/FRB synthesized beam response. We find that the far sidelobe events have on average ∼500 times greater fluxes than events detected in CHIME’s main lobe. We show that the sidelobe sample is therefore statistically ∼20 times closer than the main lobe sample. We find promising host galaxy candidates (P
cc < 1%) for two of the FRBs, 20190112B and 20210310B, at distances of 38 and 16 Mpc, respectively. CHIME/FRB did not observe repetition of similar brightness from the uniform sample of 10 sidelobe FRBs in a total exposure time of 35,580 hr. Under the assumption of Poisson-distributed bursts, we infer that the mean repetition interval above the detection threshold of the far sidelobe events is longer than 11,880 hr, which is at least 2380 times larger than the interval from known CHIME/FRB detected repeating sources, with some caveats, notably that very narrowband events could have been missed. Our results from these far sidelobe events suggest one of two scenarios: either (1) all FRBs repeat and the repetition intervals span a wide range, with high-rate repeaters being a rare sub-population, or (2) non-repeating FRBs are a distinct population different from known repeaters.
Lyman Limit System with O vi in the Circumgalactic Environment of a Pair of Galaxies
Authors: Khonde Dheerajkumar , Udhwani Purvi , Narayanan Anand , Muzahid Sowgat , Khaire Vikram , Wendt Martin
Published: October 2024

We report on the analysis of a multiphase Lyman limit system (LLS) at z = 0.39047 identified toward the background quasar FBQS J0209–0438. The O VI doublet lines associated with this absorber have a different profile from the low-ionization metals and H i. Ly α has a very broad H i (b ≈ 150 km s−1) component well-aligned with one of the O VI components. The Doppler b-parameters for the broad H i and O VI indicate gas with T = (0.8 − 2.0) × 106 K and a total hydrogen column density that is an order of magnitude larger than the cooler phase of gas responsible for the LLS. Observations by the Very Large Telescope MUSE show two moderately star-forming galaxies within ρ ≲ 105 kpc and ∣Δv∣ ≲ 130 km s−1 of the absorber, one of them a dwarf galaxy (M
* ≈ 106
M
⊙) overlapping with the quasar point-spread function, and the other a larger galaxy (R
1/2 ≈ 4 kpc) with M
* ≈ 3 × 1010
M
⊙ and M

h
≈ 7 × 1011
M
⊙, and the dwarf galaxy within its virial radius. Although the absorption is aligned with the extended major axis of the larger galaxy, the line-of-sight velocity of the absorbing gas is inconsistent with corotating accretion. The metallicity inferred for the LLS is lower than the gas phase [O/H] of the two galaxies. The mixture of cool and warm/hot gas phases for the absorbing gas and its proximity and orientation to the galaxy pair points to the LLS being a high-velocity gas in the combined halo environment of both galaxies.
Are There Local Dynamos Acting in Sunspot Regions?
Authors: Jin Chunlan , Zhou Guiping , Ji Haisheng , Wang Jingxiu
Published: October 2024

In solar physics, a long-unanswered question is whether or not there are local dynamos acting in sunspot regions. Here we report an observed pattern of magnetic evolution that makes the sunspots alive with ample complexity and energy. This anomalous pattern manifests as peculiar bipolar magnetic emergences (BMEs), exhibiting the following characteristics: (1) the BMEs persistently appear beyond the penumbra, encircling the sunspot in an end-to-end configuration; (2) each BME gradually grows and separates its two polarities along an arc trajectory centered on the sunspot; (3) a circular brightening belt is manifested in the ultraviolet/extreme-ultraviolet radiations during the BMEs’ evolution; and (4) the sunspot regions with such an evolution pattern often exhibit vigorous solar activity, such as homogeneous major flares. The magnetic evolving pattern and relevant flare activity indicate the presence of a local dynamo, and we characterize it as a twisting-reconnecting dynamo.
A Comprehensive Study of Thermonuclear X-Ray Bursts from 4U 1820–30 with NICER: Accretion Disk Interactions and a Candidate Burst Oscillation
Authors: Jaisawal Gaurava K. , Bostancı Z. Funda , Boztepe Tuğba , Güver Tolga , Strohmayer Tod E. , Ballantyne David R. , Beck Jens H. , Göğüş Ersin , Altamirano Diego , Arzoumanian Zaven , Chakrabarty Deepto , Gendreau Keith C. , Guillot Sebastien , Ludlam Renee M. , Ng Mason , Sanna Andrea , Chenevez Jérôme
Published: October 2024

We present the results obtained from timing and spectral studies of 15 thermonuclear X-ray bursts from 4U 1820–30 observed with the Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) during its 5 yr of observations between 2017 and 2022. All bursts showed clear signs of photospheric radius expansion (PRE), where the neutron star (NS) photosphere expanded more than 50 km above the surface. One of the bursts produced a superexpansion with a blackbody emission radius of 902 km for the first time with NICER. We searched for burst oscillations in all 15 bursts and found evidence of a coherent oscillation at 716 Hz in a burst, with a 2.9σ detection level based on Monte Carlo simulations. If confirmed with future observations, 4U 1820–30 would become the fastest-spinning NS known in X-ray binary systems. The fractional rms amplitude of the candidate burst oscillation was found to be 5.8% in the energy range of 3–10 keV. Following the variable persistent model from burst time-resolved spectroscopy, an anticorrelation is seen between the maximum scaling factor value and the (preburst) persistent flux. We detected a low value of ionization at the peak of each burst based on reflection modeling of burst spectra. A partially interacting inner accretion disk or a weakly ionized outer disk may cause the observed ionization dip during the PRE phase.
Cosmic Ray Diffusion in Magnetic Fields Amplified by Nonlinear Turbulent Dynamo
Authors: Zhang Chao , Xu Siyao
Published: October 2024

The diffusion of cosmic rays (CRs) in turbulent magnetic fields is fundamental to understanding various astrophysical processes. We explore the CR diffusion in the magnetic fluctuations amplified by the nonlinear turbulent dynamo in the absence of a strong mean magnetic field. Using test particle simulations, we identify three distinct CR diffusion regimes: mirroring, wandering, and magnetic moment scattering (MMS). With highly inhomogeneous distribution of the dynamo-amplified magnetic fields, we find that the diffusion of CRs is also spatially inhomogeneous. Our results reveal that lower-energy CRs preferentially undergo the mirror and wandering diffusion in the strong-field regions, and the MMS diffusion in the weak-field regions. The former two diffusion mechanisms play a more important role toward lower CR energies, resulting in a relatively weak energy dependence of the overall CR mean free path (MFP). In contrast, higher-energy CRs predominantly undergo the MMS diffusion, for which the incomplete particle gyration, i.e., the limit case of mirroring, in strong fields has a more significant effect than the scattering by small-scale field tangling/reversal. Compared with lower-energy CRs, they are more poorly confined in space and their MFPs have a stronger energy dependence. We stress the fundamental role of magnetic field inhomogeneity of nonlinear turbulent dynamo in causing the different diffusion behavior of CRs compared to that in sub-Alfvénic magnetohydrodynamic turbulence.
The Spectrum of C/2023 A3 Indicates a Depleted Composition
Authors: Tang Yunyi , Wang Shihao , Lin ZiXuan , Yang Xiaorui , Zhang Xinyang , Jia Songyu , Wang Sharon X.
Published: October 2024

We report a spectroscopic observation of comet C/2023 A3 using an 80 mm apochromatic refractor equipped with a custom-built spectrometer with a resolution of R ∼ 2500 on the night of 2024 October 4. Sodium D lines were detected prominently, while no other emission lines, particularly carbon-bearing species, were observed, which suggests that comet C/2023 A3 may be carbon-depleted. The mobility and flexibility of our observational setup highlight the value of amateur telescopes in observing low-altitude targets like C/2023 A3 as a complement to professional facilities.
Decoding the influence of external beam radiotherapy to brachytherapy duration and overall treatment on response and early recurrences in cervical cancer patients treated with chemoradiation
Authors: Krishna Abhishek , Makkapatti Bharat Sai , Athiyamaan M. S. , Lobo Dilson , Srinivas Challapalli , Sunny Johan , Jawahar Vaishak , Kaur Harleen , Banerjee Sourjya
Published: October 2024

Purpose: Cervical cancer is a significant global health issue affecting approximately 600,000 women each year. This study aimed to address the knowledge gaps surrounding the influence of treatment time parameters, including the duration of external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) to brachytherapy and overall treatment duration, on early recurrences.Materials and Methods: Details on demographics, tumor characteristics, treatment details, and outcomes in patients undergoing chemoradiation and brachytherapy for cervical cancer were collected from the medical records. Early recurrence was defined as tumor reappearance within 6 months after treatment in patients with an initial complete response. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics chi-square tests, independent t-tests, and logistic regression.Results: A total of 288 cervical cancer patients were included. Stage IIB was the most common stage and 93% of patients had a complete response, 4.5% partial response, and 3.1% had progressive disease at 3rd month. At 6 months, 8% experienced early. The average interval between EBRT and brachytherapy was 10.4 ± 4.2 days among the no recurrence group and 12.3 ± 4.5 days among early recurrence group. A total of 203 patients had a gap of 10 or fewer days and 123 patients had a gap of more than 10 days between EBRT and brachytherapy. Difference was observed in the overall treatment time between the two groups had significant differences (no recurrence group, 61.6 ± 11.5 days; early recurrence group, 73.8 ± 8.8 days; p < 0.001).Conclusion: The study revealed that longer overall treatment durations were associated with a higher risk of early recurrences, highlighting the need for further investigation and optimized treatment strategies.
Assessment of diversity of plant species, composition, structure and regeneration status in Gondar Zuria District, Ethiopia
Authors: Adgo Yishak , Tigabu Getnet
Published: October 2024

This study assesses the composition, arrangement, and state of regeneration in Gondar Zuria District. The two transect lines over the gradient were set up using a systematic random sample strategy in order to gather the number of species and their diameter for tree species in DBH (cm). The distance between the sample plots was 50 m, and the transect lines were 50 m apart. 12 circular plots were used in the total sample area of the botanical garden, and the sizes of the circular plots were 6.5 m for trees, 4.5 m for saplings, and 2.5 m for seedlings. Using the important value index and the diameter at breast height, the pattern of plant structure displays an inverted J shape. A review of the botanical garden’s plant species’ regeneration status revealed that, of the tree and shrub species, 6.25% had fair regeneration status and 25% had poor regeneration quality. While 56.25% of plant species that were only available as saplings or seedlings were regarded as “new” at the botanical garden, a total of 25% of plant species were not regenerating at all. At the study site, the species diversity as determined by the Shannon-Weiner (H’) index was 1.58. But this value shows the species diversity is included in the low biodiversity range unless they are well managed from disturbance. The species composition of the site shows a few species; only 16 plant species were found. A high number of individual species are found in the Leguminosae family.
A new species of Merismomorpha Girault, 1913 (Chalcidoidea, Pteromalidae) from the Palaearctic region
Authors: Tselikh Ekaterina V. , Rasplus Jean-Yves , Lee Jaehyeon , Dale-Skey Natalie , Gupta Ankita , Ku Deok-Seo
Published: October 2024

A new species of Merismomorpha Girault, 1913, M. ulleungensis Tselikh, Rasplus & Ku, sp. nov., is described and illustrated from the Palaearctic region (Russian Far East and South Korea). An updated diagnosis of the genus is given, as well as a comparison to the closely related genus Pterosemopsis Girault, 1917.
Updated checklist, habitat affinities, and changes over time of the Indiana (USA) caddisfly fauna (Insecta, Trichoptera)
Authors: Houghton David C. , DeWalt R. Edward
Published: October 2024

Based on recent collecting and a synthesis of ~100 years of historical data, 219 caddisfly species are reported from the state of Indiana. Seventeen species are reported herein from the state for the first time, including two previously thought to be endemic to the southeastern USA. Species records are also presented herein organized by drainage basin, ecoregion, glacial history, and waterbody type for two distinct time periods: before 1983 and after 2005. More species were reported from the state before 1983 than after 2005, despite collecting almost 3× the number of occurrence records during the latter period. Species occurrence records were greater for most families and functional feeding groups (FFGs) for the post-2005 time period, although the Limnephilidae, Phryganeidae, Molannidae, and Lepidostomatidae, particularly those in the shredder FFG, instead had greater records before 1983. This loss of shredders probably reflected the ongoing habitat degradation within the state. While species rarefaction predicts only a few more species to be found in Indiana, many regions still remain under-sampled and 44 species have not been collected in >40 years.
Un cas pour la rencontre entre analystes freudiens et analystes jungiens sur les archétypes et/ou fantasmes originaires
Authors: Quintard Françoise , Cambray Joseph
Published: October 2024

En présentant le matériel d’un cas clinique pour un panel portant sur « archétypes et / ou fantasmes originaires », l’auteur propose une discussion introductive qui considère les archétypes comme des phénomènes émergents organisant des « moments de complexité ». La relation entre ces moments et les « moments de rencontre » tels qu’ils ont été développés par le groupe d’études sur les processus de changement de Boston est commentée et examinée dans le contexte du cas clinique. L’auteur présente à la discussion le rapport condensé du traitement analytique sur plusieurs années d’une patiente bipolaire au passé gravement traumatique. Il examine plusieurs événements peu communs, énigmatiques, pour illustrer la survenue de moments de complexité. Poursuivant dans cette voie, il présente des rêves qui révèlent une transformation psychologique s’enracinant dans un changement de relation au matériel archétypal émergent mis en parallèle avec le processus psychotique de la patiente.
Commentaires sur le cas présenté par Joseph Cambray
Authors: Quintard Françoise , Gastelumendi Eduardo
Published: October 2024

La question de la synchronicité, si naturellement présente chez les jungiens, si absente et bizarre pour les freudiens, est un reflet de la différence d’approche entre les deux écoles en ce qui concerne la psyché. L’auteur utilise une analogie littéraire pour explorer les archétypes et les fantasmes originaires. Ces derniers sont étroitement reliés à la sexualité, bien qu’elle soit envisagée comme la manifestation des grands mystères de la vie. Néanmoins, la discussion autour du travail clinique révèle davantage de ressemblances que de différences entre les deux écoles, suggérant que dans les deux perspectives la pratique clinique est souveraine. Dans les deux approches psychothérapeutiques, le respect et le souci de l’évolution des patients, une authentique sollicitude envers eux ainsi que l’utilisation avisée de la technique constituent la garantie d’un travail thérapeutique réussi.
Quelques commentaires sur le cas de «Mélanie » et sur la réaction d’Eduardo Gastelumendi
Authors: Quintard Françoise , Kast Verena
Published: October 2024

Dans une première partie, l’auteur tente de relier la théorie des archétypes à celle des fantasmes originaires. Dans une deuxième partie, elle se réfère à ce qu’elle définit comme un « moment d’ici et maintenant » et elle amplifie le rêve de « la femme en noir » apporté par la patiente en le comparant au personnage de « la femme noire » d’un conte de fées autrichien.
La SMP Wagner comme outil informationnel : entre Kill Chain, 6D et démultiplication des crises
Authors: Dugoin-Clément Christine
Published: October 2024

La guerre cognitive ( CogWar ) est une réalité aujourd’hui et s’inscrit pleinement comme un mode d’action dans la crise. La Société militaire privée Wagner en a été une illustration en Afrique, permettant une déstabilisation des positions françaises. Il importe donc d’étudier ces nouveaux outils devenus incontournables dans la conflictualité moderne.
Les sociétés militaires privées comme acteur de politique : comment le « système Wagner » affecte les stratégies de politique étrangère
Authors: St-Pierre Yan
Published: October 2024

Le développement des Sociétés militaires privées (SMP) est une réalité géopolitique. La Russie avec le système Wagner a accru son influence en Afrique, au détriment notamment de la France. La Chine et la Turquie développent leurs propres modèles de SMP. Paradoxalement, l’Europe est très réticente sur ce sujet alors qu’il pourrait permettre de proposer une alternative et ainsi mieux défendre ses intérêts.
Histoire militaire
Authors: Franc Claude
Published: October 2024

Les réformes du général Lagarde aboutissent à l’organisation 77 des Grandes unités avec 3 corps d’armées et des divisions subordonnées. Ce modèle, avec l’arrivée massive de nouveaux équipements ( VAB , AMX-10 , 155 AU-F1 ) a constitué un apogée pour nos forces terrestres avec des capacités de commandement et de logistique permettant une manœuvre dynamique face à la menace soviétique.