bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mythographical topography, textual materiality and the (dis)ordering of myth: the case of Antoninus Liberalis
Authors: Delattre Charles , Hawes Greta
Published: December 2020

This article introduces a new analytical framework, ‘mythographic topography’. This approach recognizes the materiality of mythographic writing as preserved by the manuscript tradition and the significance of the spatial dynamics it produces. Mythographic topography encompasses both the formal properties of textual organization and how these shape the reader’s imaginative experience of space and narrative. As an analytical framework, it involves interrogating a text according to three categories (each an ancient meaning of topos): its arrangement of textual passages, its use of space and its activation of narrative tropes. Using the Metamorphoses of Antoninus Liberalis as a case study, we demonstrate how this text requires the reader to consider issues of order, disorder and reordering within a culturally familiar narrative paradigm.
Speusippus, teleology and the metaphysics of value: Theophrastus’ Metaphysics 11a18–26
Authors: Cheng Wei
Published: December 2020

This paper re-examines Theophrastus’ Metaphysics 11a18–26, an obscure testimony about Speusippus, the second head of the Platonic Academy. As opposed to the traditional interpretation, which takes this passage as Theophrastus’ polemic against Speusippus’ doctrine of value, I argue that he here makes dialectical use of, rather than launching an attack on, the Platonist. Based on this new reading, I further propose a revision and a reassessment of the ‘gloomy metaphysics’ of Speusippus which will shed new light on his ethics.
ESTIMATION OF THE KRONECKER COVARIANCE MODEL BY QUADRATIC FORM
Authors: Linton Oliver B. , Tang Haihan
Published: December 2020

We propose a new estimator, the quadratic form estimator, of the Kronecker product model for covariance matrices. We show that this estimator has good properties in the large dimensional case (i.e., the cross-sectional dimension n is large relative to the sample size T). In particular, the quadratic form estimator is consistent in a relative Frobenius norm sense provided
${\log }^3n/T\to 0$
. We obtain the limiting distributions of the Lagrange multiplier and Wald tests under both the null and local alternatives concerning the mean vector
$\mu $
. Testing linear restrictions of
$\mu $
is also investigated. Finally, our methodology is shown to perform well in finite sample situations both when the Kronecker product model is true and when it is not true.
Prioritisation of areas for early detection of southward movement of arctic fox rabies based on historical surveillance data in Quebec, Canada
Authors: Aenishaenslin C. , Page D. , Gagnier M. , Massé A. , Fehlner-Gardiner C. , Lambert L. , Hongoh V. , Tinline R.
Published: December 2020

Arctic rabies virus variant (ARVV) is enzootic in Quebec (Canada) north of the 55th parallel. With climate change, increased risk of re-incursion of ARVV in more densely populated southern regions raises public and animal health concerns. The objective of this study was to prioritise geographical areas to target for an early detection of ARVV incursion south of the 55th parallel based on the historical spatio-temporal trends of reported rabies in foxes in Quebec. Descriptive analyses of fox rabies cases from 1953 to 2017 were conducted. Three periods show increases in the number of fox rabies cases in southern regions and indicate incursion from northern areas or neighbouring provinces. The available data, particularly in central and northern regions of the province, were scarce and of low spatial resolution, making it impossible to identify the path of spread with precision. Hence, we investigated the use of multiple criteria, such as historical rabies cases, human population density and red fox (Vulpes vulpes) relative abundance, to prioritise areas for enhanced surveillance. This study underscores the need to define and maintain new criteria for selecting samples to be analysed in order to detect rapidly ARVV cases outside the current enzootic area and any potential re-incursion of the virus into central and southern regions of the province.
Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae urinary tract infections
Authors: Vachvanichsanong P. , McNeil E. B. , Dissaneewate P.
Published: December 2020

The prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae urinary tract infections (UTIs) is increasing worldwide. We investigated the prevalence, clinical findings, impact and risk factors of ESBL E. coli/K. pneumoniae UTI through a retrospective review of the medical records of children with UTI aged <15 years admitted to Prince of Songkla University Hospital, Thailand over 10 years (2004–2013). Thirty-seven boys and 46 girls had ESBL-positive isolates in 102 UTI episodes, compared with 85 boys and 103 girls with non-ESBL isolates in 222 UTI episodes. The age of presentation and gender were not significantly different between the two groups. The prevalence of ESBL rose between 2004 and 2008 before plateauing at around 30–40% per year, with a significant difference between first and recurrent UTI episodes of 27.3% and 46.5%, respectively (P = 0.003). Fever prior to UTI diagnosis was found in 78.4% of episodes in the non-ESBL group and 61.8% of episodes in the ESBL group (P = 0.003). Multivariate analysis indicated that children without fever (odds ratio (OR) 2.14, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.23–3.74) and those with recurrent UTI (OR 2.67, 95% CI 1.37–5.19) were more likely to yield ESBL on culture. Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract were not linked to the presence of ESBL UTI. In conclusion, ESBL producers represented one-third of E. coli/K. pneumoniae UTI episodes but neither clinical condition nor imaging studies were predictive of ESBL infections. Recurrent UTI was the sole independent risk factor identified.
Dreams of a Spirit-Seer and Kant’s Critical Method: Comments on Stephen R. Palmquist’s Kant and Mysticism
Authors: McQuillan J. Colin
Published: December 2020

In his new book, Kant and Mysticism, Stephen Palmquist argues that Kant had already formulated his critical method by the mid-1760s and that it emerged from his reflections on Swedenborg’s mystical visions. In order to evaluate these claims, I consider Kant’s correspondence with Charlotte von Knobloch and Moses Mendelssohn before and after the publication of Dreams of a Spirit-Seer; the context in which Kant published Dreams; and the method he employs when he discusses Swedenborg’s visions in that work. I conclude that Kant’s critical method was not well-formed during the 1760s and did not emerge from Kant’s reflections on Swedenborg.
Survey data of adolescents’ sexual and reproductive health in selected local governments in southeast Nigeria
Authors: Mbachu Chinyere Ojiugo , Agu Ifunanya Clara , Onwujekwe Obinna
Published: December 2020

A cross-sectional survey of adolescents and heads of households was done in six urban and rural local government areas in Ebonyi state, Nigeria in August 2018. Modified cluster sampling technique was used to select households from which eligible adolescent boys and girls were recruited. This data article describes two datasets that, for the first time, expansively describe adolescents’ sexual and reproductive behaviors in Nigeria. The datasets include variables on adolescents’ demographic and socioeconomic characteristics; family relationships; sexual behaviors; awareness and use of contraceptives; access to sexual and reproductive health information and services; gender norms and ideology about adolescent sexuality; and potential strategies for reducing unwanted teenage pregnancies and unsafe abortions. This dataset would be useful to public health researchers and social scientists investigating drivers of adolescent sexual and reproductive behaviour, as well as programme managers seeking potential strategies for improving adolescent health outcomes. The datasets also provide a template that could be replicated for national or regional surveys on adolescent sexual and reproductive behaviours.
Molecular mapping of a new recessive wheat leaf rust resistance gene originating from Triticum spelta
Authors: Dinkar Vishal , Jha S. K. , Mallick Niharika , Niranjana M. , Agarwal Priyanka , Sharma J. B. , Vinod
Published: December 2020

TSD276-2, a wheat genetic stock derived from the cross Agra Local/T. spelta 276 showed broad spectrum resistance against leaf rust pathogen. Genetic analysis was undertaken using F1, F2, F2:3 and BC1F1 generations derived from the cross TSD276-2/Agra Local. The results revealed a single recessive gene for leaf rust resistance, tentatively named as LrTs276-2, in TSD276-2. Molecular mapping of leaf rust resistance gene LrTs276-2 in TSD276-2 was done using SNP-based PCR and SSR markers. For Bulked Segregant Analysis (BSA), two bulks viz. resistant bulk and susceptible bulk, and the parents TSD276-2 and Agra Local were genotyped for SNPs using AFFYMETRIX 35K Wheat Breeders' AXIOM array. T. spelta 276 was also genotyped and used as a check. BSA indicated that the gene for leaf rust resistance in TSD276-2 is located on chromosome arm 1DS. Putatively linked SNPs on chromosome arm 1DS were converted into PCR-based markers. Polymorphic SSR markers on chromosome arm 1DS were also identified. Final linkage map was constructed using one SNP-based PCR and three SSR markers. The rust reaction and chromosomal location suggest that LrTs276-2 is a new leaf rust resistance gene which may be useful in broadening the genetic base of leaf rust resistance in wheat.
A functional linear modeling approach to sleep–wake cycles in dogs
Authors: Woods Hope J. , Li Ming Fei , Patel Ujas A. , Lascelles B. Duncan X. , Samson David R. , Gruen Margaret E.
Published: December 2020

The study of companion (pet) dogs is an area of great translational potential, as they share a risk for many conditions that afflict humans. Among these are conditions that affect sleep, including chronic pain and cognitive dysfunction. Significant advancements have occurred in the ability to study sleep in dogs, including development of non-invasive polysomnography; however, basic understanding of dog sleep patterns remains poorly characterized. The purpose of this study was to establish baseline sleep–wake cycle and activity patterns using actigraphy and functional linear modeling (FLM), for healthy, adult companion dogs. Forty-two dogs were enrolled and wore activity monitors for 14 days. FLM demonstrated a bimodal pattern of activity with significant effects of sex, body mass, and age; the effect of age was particularly evident during the times of peak activity. This study demonstrated that FLM can be used to describe normal sleep–wake cycles of healthy adult dogs and the effects of physiologic traits on these patterns of activity. This foundation makes it possible to characterize deviations from normal patterns, including those associated with chronic pain and cognitive dysfunction syndrome. This can improve detection of these conditions in dogs, benefitting them and their potential as models for human disease.
Colour-assisted variation in elytral ICP-OES-based ionomics in an aposematic beetle
Authors: Orłowski Grzegorz , Niedzielski Przemysław , Karg Jerzy , Proch Jędrzej
Published: December 2020

Very little is known about how the elemental composition (ionome) of an insect cuticle varies as a result of different colouration. Using inductively-coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), we established ionomic profiles in microsamples of two adjacent regions of an insect cuticle with a contrasting colour pattern, namely, the black and orange regions of the elytra of the aposematic burying beetle Nicrophorus vespillo. The analysis revealed 53 elements (ranging in atomic weight from Na to Bi) occurring above the detection limit. The frequency of detectability of individual elements varied strongly, and only ten elements (Ba, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, P, Rb, Sb and Zn) were present in concentrations exceeding the detection limit in all the samples. The sum of concentrations of all elements in the orange regions of the elytra was 9% lower than in the black ones. The opposite distribution was displayed by the rare earth elements (REEs), the sum of which was 17% lower in the black elytral regions than in the orange ones. The concentrations of six elements were significantly higher in the black than in the orange regions: Al (by 97%), Cu (41%), Mn (14%), Na (46%), Se (97%) and W (47%). The concentrations of essential elements measured in both the black and orange regions exhibited very considerable variance: Ca (σ2 = 1834; 1882, respectively), K (145; 82) P (97; 76), Na (84; 53), Mg (24; 26) and Ba (9; 13). This, in part, could be attributed to individual differences, e.g. those resulting from the consumption of animal carcasses of different quality/chemical composition, but interference between elements and the consequent lowering of measurement quality are also possible. We highlight the fact that deeper insight into the basic relationship between insect colouration and variation in elemental composition requires micro-sampling of the homogeneous layers of an exoskeleton.
Intrarenal Doppler ultrasonography reflects hemodynamics and predicts prognosis in patients with heart failure
Authors: Yoshihisa Akiomi , Watanabe Koichiro , Sato Yu , Ishibashi Shinji , Matsuda Mitsuko , Yamadera Yukio , Ichijo Yasuhiro , Yokokawa Tetsuro , Misaka Tomofumi , Oikawa Masayoshi , Kobayashi Atsushi , Takeishi Yasuchika
Published: December 2020

We aimed to clarify clinical implications of intrarenal hemodynamics assessed by intrarenal Doppler ultrasonography (IRD) and their prognostic impacts in heart failure (HF). We performed a prospective observational study, and examined IRD and measured interlobar renal artery velocity time integral (VTI) and intrarenal venous flow (IRVF) patterns (monophasic or non-monophasic pattern) to assess intrarenal hypoperfusion and congestion in HF patients (n = 341). Seven patients were excluded in VTI analysis due to unclear imaging. The patients were divided into groups based on (A) VTI: high VTI (VTI ≥ 14.0 cm, n = 231) or low VTI (VTI < 14.0 cm, n = 103); and (B) IRVF patterns: monophasic (n = 36) or non-monophasic (n = 305). We compared post-discharge cardiac event rate between the groups, and right-heart catheterization was performed in 166 patients. Cardiac index was lower in low VTI than in high VTI (P = 0.04), and right atrial pressure was higher in monophasic than in non-monophasic (P = 0.03). In the Kaplan–Meier analysis, cardiac event rate was higher in low VTI and monophasic groups (P < 0.01, respectively). In the Cox proportional hazard analysis, the combination of low VTI and a monophasic IRVF pattern was a predictor of cardiac events (P < 0.01). IRD imaging might be associated with cardiac output and right atrial pressure, and prognosis.
Molecularly targeted photothermal ablation improves tumor specificity and immune modulation in a rat model of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Muñoz Nina M. , Dupuis Crystal , Williams Malea , Dixon Katherine , McWatters Amanda , Avritscher Rony , Bouchard Richard , Kaseb Ahmed , Schachtschneider Kyle M. , Rao Arvind , Sheth Rahul A.
Published: December 2020

Thermal ablation is a standard therapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Contemporary ablation devices are imperfect, as they lack tumor specificity. An ideal ablation modality would generate thermal energy only within tumoral tissue. Furthermore, as hyperthermia is known to influence tumor immunity, such a tumor-specific ablation modality may have the ability to favorably modulate the tumor immune landscape. Here we show a clinically relevant thermal ablation modality that generates tumor-specific hyperthermia, termed molecularly targeted photothermal ablation (MTPA), that is based upon the excellent localization of indocyanine green to HCC. In a syngeneic rat model, we demonstrate the tumor-specific hyperthermia generated by MTPA. We also show through spatial and transcriptomic profiling techniques that MTPA favorably modulates the intratumoral myeloid population towards tumor immunogenicity and diminishes the systemic release of oncogenic cytokines relative to conventional ablation modalities.
Vanadium tetrasulfide cross-linking graphene-like carbon driving a sustainable electron supply chain from pollutants through the activation of dissolved oxygen and hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Deng Kanglan , Gao Tingting , Fang Qian , Wu Feiyun , Lu Chao , Zhang Fan , Cao Wenrui , Han Muen , Hu Chun , Lyu Lai
Published: December 2020

Pollutants as electron donors and O2/H2O2 as electron acceptor were effectively utilized, providing a strategy for realizing low energy consumption and high-efficiency AOPs.
Effect of heparin and peptide conjugation on structure and functional properties of alginate in solutions and hydrogels
Authors: Goldberg Nir , Shmidov Yulia , Kryukov Olga , Aranovich Dina , Cohen Smadar , Bitton Ronit
Published: December 2020

The mode and order of conjugating the heparin and the peptide to the alginate backbone greatly affect the modified alginate hydrogels’ structure–properties–function relations.
Rational design of porous organic molecules (POMs) based on B-heterocyclic carbenes
Authors: Zhang Congjie , Tian Zeqiong , Jia Wenhong , Mo Yirong
Published: December 2020

We have theoretically obtained 36 porous organic molecules (POMs), three novel 2D covalent organic frameworks (COFs) and one metal–organic framework (MOF) based on the B-heterocyclic carbene (BHC) building blocks and –C≡C– and Ag–C≡C–Ag linkers.
Artificial intelligence and machine learning in design of mechanical materials
Authors: Guo Kai , Yang Zhenze , Yu Chi-Hua , Buehler Markus J.
Published: December 2020

This review revisits the state of the art of research efforts on the design of mechanical materials using machine learning.
Comparison between instrumental variable and mediation-based methods for reconstructing causal gene networks in yeast
Authors: Ludl Adriaan-Alexander , Michoel Tom
Published: December 2020

Causal networks inferred from genomics and transcriptomics data overlap with known yeast transcriptional interactions and inform on causal hotspot genes.
The Impact of TimeSlips on Undergraduate Students in Service Learning With Older Adults
Authors: Heuer Sabine
Published: December 2020

Purpose

Future speech-language pathologists are often unprepared in their academic training to serve the communicative and cognitive needs of older adults with dementia. While negative attitudes toward older adults are prevalent among undergraduate students, service learning has been shown to positively affect students' attitudes toward older adults. TimeSlips is an evidence-based approach that has been shown to improve health care students' attitudes toward older adults. The purpose of this study is to explore the change in attitudes in speech-language pathology students toward older adults using TimeSlips in service learning.

Method

Fifty-one students participated in TimeSlips service learning with older adults and completed the Dementia Attitude Scale (DAS) before and after service learning. In addition, students completed a reflection journal. The DAS data were analyzed using nonparametric statistics, and journal entries were analyzed using a qualitative analysis approach.

Results

The service learners exhibited a significant increase in positive attitude as indexed on the DAS. The reflective journal entries supported the positive change in attitudes.

Conclusions

A noticeable attitude shift was indexed in reflective journals and on the DAS. TimeSlips is an evidence-based, patient-centered approach well suited to address challenges in the preparation of Communication Sciences and Disorders students to work with the growing population of older adults.
Enabling health application accessibility through interface modalities for elderly
Authors: Alsana Safira , Trapsilawati Fitri , Wijayanto Titis
Published: December 2020

Along with the development of technology, the launching of new devices often leaves the usability problems for the elderly behind. It happens not only for devices but also its application, i.e., entertainment applications, health applications, learning applications, etc. Most of the time, the elderly find it hard to use due to its usability problems or unfamiliar feelings. This research focused on empirically investigating a health application interface so that elderly could use it easily without obstacles and help the treatment independently. Three interface modalities were tested, namely, textual, pictorial, and typing interfaces. The result showed that the option-based interfaces (i.e., textual and pictorial) led to shorter performance time than input-based interface (i.e., typing) among the three interfaces. Also, the pictorial interface has the highest SUS score. All respondents chose the pictorial interface as their first choice, enabling health application accessibility through the appropriate interface modality for the elderly.
Amber- and plant-bearing deposits from the Cenomanian of Neau (Mayenne, France)
Authors: Néraudeau Didier , Saint Martin Jean-Paul , Saint Martin Simona , Jeanneau Laurent , Moreau Jean-David , Philippe Marc , Polette France , Gendry Damien , Brunet John , Tréguier Jérôme
Published: December 2020

A new Cenomanian amber- and plant-bearing deposit has been discovered at Neau, in the Mayenne department (France). The Cenomanian fossiliferous lignites are located in karst filling in a substratum of Cambrian limestones. The amber corresponds mainly to tiny millimetric grains, devoid of arthropod inclusions, but rich in microorganisms, especially the sheated bacteriaLeptotrichites resinatus, and containing pollen grains (Classopollis) and wood fibers (Araucariacae or Cheirolepidiaceae). The lignites provide abundant conifer and ginkgoale cuticle fragments (Frenelopsis,Eretmophyllum) and a lot of palynomorphs (e.g. Gleicheniidites senonicus,Cyathidites,Deltoidospora,AppendicisporitesandCicatricosisporites). The chemical signature of the amber suggests it was produced by conifers of the extinct family Cheirolepidiaceae. According to the palynological assemblage, the age of the lignites is upper lower Cenomanian or lower mid Cenomanian. The deposit environment corresponded to the upstream portion of a mangrove or the most inner part of a lagoon.
Improving Emergency Response Systems in the Oil and Gas Industry To Reduce Environmental Damage
Authors: Kostyuk A , Tumanov A , Tumanov V , Zybina O
Published: December 2020

The article identifies the main problems of eliminating the reduction of environmental damage by improving the response systems to man-made accidents at hazardous production facilities of the oil and gas complex. Risk factors for ensuring safety at a hazardous production facility in the oil and gas industry are identified, the most significant risk factor is identified by the method of hierarchical analysis, and the problem of the engineering and technical factor in the system “man technical environment industrial environment environment” is revealed. “The solution to the problem is indicated the use of a developed mobile emergency response system, which makes it possible to halve the response time to an emergency. The developed response system can be applied at any hazardous production facility in the oil and gas industry due to its flexibility.
Assessment of occupational risk of oil industry workers in extraction of energy resources with regard to fatigue
Authors: Shinkevich Polina , Kaverzneva Tatiana , Leonova Natalia
Published: December 2020

Assessment of the occupational risk of oil industry workers is an important aspect of compliance with safety requirements at oil industry enterprises in the extraction of energy resources. Solving the engineering problems facing the extraction of energy resources, including the tasks of assessing occupational risk, it is necessary to take into account as many factors as possible that affect the safe performance of work on the extraction of energy resources. The article deals with the impact of workers’ fatigue on their safety, and also a methodology for assessing the occupational risk of oil industry workers taking into account their fatigue is developed.
Prenatal radiation exposure in diagnostic and interventional radiology
Authors: Fiebich Martin , Block Andreas , Borowski Markus , Geworski Lilli , Happel Christian , Kamp Alexandra , Lenzen Horst , Mahnken Andreas H. , Müller Wolfgang-Ulrich , Östreicher Gebhard , Rudolf Frank , Stamm Georg , Starck Peter , Steiniger Beatrice , Wicke Jan-Henryk , Wolf Ulrich , Wucherer Michael , Zankl Maria , Zink Klemens , Zweig Claudia
Published: December 2020

Background The exposure of a pregnant woman to X-rays is an event that can cause uncertainty for all concerned. This review provides guidance on how to assess such a situation and how to determine the dose to the unborn child. In general, the use of X-rays in pregnant women in radiology should be avoided. If possible, alternatives should be used, or examinations postponed to a time after the pregnancy. This review gives a summary of the procedure for determining the radiation exposure of a pregnant woman.

Method Based on the previous report of 2002 and the literature on prenatal radiation exposure published thereafter, the DGMP/DRG report on the procedure for the assessment of prenatal radiation exposure was adapted to the current state of science and technology.

Results Typically, only relatively low radiation exposures of less than 20 mSv occur for the unborn child in X-ray diagnostics in the vast majority of cases. At these dose level the additional risk of damage to the embryo or fetus caused by the radiation is low and therefore only a rough conservative estimate using tabulated values are made. Only in a few types of examination (CT and interventional radiology) higher doses values might occur in the uterus. Instead of dose estimates (step 1 in the two-step model) in these cases the calculation of dose (step 2) are required and further action by the physician may be necessary.

Conclusions During the assessment, it is useful to initially use simple conservative estimation procedures to quickly determine whether a case falls into this large group less than 20 mSv, where there is a very low risk to the unborn child. If this is the case, the pregnant woman should be informed immediately by the doctor who performed the examination/treatment. This avoids a psychological burden on the patient. The DGMP/DRG report suggests a relatively simple, clearly structured procedure with advantages for all parties involved (physician, medical physics experts, MTRA and patient).

Key points: 

Citation Format
Traceless Redox-Annulations of Alicyclic Amines
Authors: Rickertsen Dillon R. L. , Ma Longle , Seidel Daniel , Paul Anirudra , Abboud Khalil A.
Published: December 2020

Amines such as 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline undergo redox­-neutral annulations with ortho-(nitromethyl)benzaldehyde. Benzoic­ acid acts as a promoter in these reactions, which involve concurrent amine α-C–H bond and N–H bond functionalization. Subsequent removal of the nitro group provides access to tetrahydroprotoberberines not accessible via typical redox-annulations. Also reported are decarboxylative annulations of ortho-(nitromethyl)benzaldehyde with proline and pipecolic acid.
Efectividad de un programa de alta resolución ambulatoria gracias al uso de la Ecografía Urológica
Authors: Redón-Gálvez Laura , Rodriguez Manuel Ramón Diz , Martín-García Carlos , Chiva-Robles Vicente , Matos-Orozco Olivia , Lujan-Galán Marcos
Published: December 2020

Objetivos Estimar la efectividad de la ecografía en consultas externas de alta resolución de urología. Como objetivos secundarios, se evaluó el impacto de otros factores como la edad, sexo, prioridad y procedencia de la consulta.

Métodos Se analizó retrospectivamente a pacientes que acudieron a una primera visita a la consulta de urología del hospital entre los años 2008-2018.

Se recogieron las variables edad, sexo, procedencia, prioridad de la consulta y realización de ecografía.

Realizamos un análisis descriptivo de aquellos pacientes que resultaron ser alta resolución y de aquellos en los que se había realizado una ecografía. Posteriormente realizamos un análisis univariado mediante el test de chi-cuadrado y multivariado mediante la regresión logística.

Resultados Se incluyeron 32980 primeras visitas, con una edad media en la primera visita de 48,2 años (mediana 48,2) y tratándose en la mayoría de hombres (74,4%).

La proporción de pacientes que pudieron ser dados de alta tras una primera visita, fue del 16% y gracias a la realización de una ecografía llegó al 16,7%.

En el análisis univariado, tanto la procedencia, la prioridad, la ecografía realizada, el sexo y la edad, se asociaron a que la consulta realizada fuera de alta resolución. En el análisis multivariado, se confirmó la asociación de todas las variables (exceptuando la prioridad, p = 0,37), aumentando el riesgo de modo discreto (entre 0,3-0,9 veces).

Conclusiones La ecografía resultó ser una buena herramienta en las consultas de alta resolución, llegándose a realizar hasta casi en un 20% de los casos. Sin embargo, aunque tanto la ecografía como la edad, sexo y procedencia son factores relacionados con la alta resolución, esa relación no es relevante desde un punto de vista clínico.
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Dual c-Met/HDAC Inhibitors Bearing 2-Aminopyrimidine Scaffold
Authors: Zhang Qingwei , Xu Guili , Bao Ya , Jiao Minru , Li Jianqi
Published: December 2020

A series of c-Met/histone deacetylase (HDAC) bifunctional inhibitors was designed and synthesized by merging pharmacophores of c-Met and HDAC inhibitors. Among them, the most potent compound, 2o, inhibited c-Met kinase and HDACs, with IC50 values of 9.0 and 31.6 nM, respectively, and showed efficient antiproliferative activities against both A549 and HCT-116 cancer cell lines with greater potency than an equimolar mixture of the respective inhibitors of the two enzymes: crizotinib and vorinostat (SAHA). Our study provided an efficient strategy for the discovery of multitargeted antitumor drugs.
On enhanced sensing of chiral molecules in optical cavities
Authors: Scott Philip , Garcia-Santiago Xavier , Beutel Dominik , Rockstuhl Carsten , Wegener Martin , Fernandez-Corbaton Ivan
Published: December 2020

The differential response of chiral molecules to incident left- and right-handed circularly polarized light is used for sensing the handedness of molecules. Currently, significant effort is directed toward enhancing weak differential signals from the molecules, with the goal of extending the capabilities of chiral spectrometers to lower molecular concentrations or small analyte volumes. Previously, optical cavities for enhancing vibrational circular dichroism have been introduced. Their enhancements are mediated by helicity-preserving cavity modes which maintain the handedness of light due to their degenerate TE and TM components. In this article, we simplify the design of the cavity and numerically compare it with the previous one using an improved model for the response of chiral molecules. We use parameters of molecular resonances to show that the cavities are capable of bringing the vibrational circular dichroism signal over the detection threshold of typical spectrometers for concentrations that are one to three orders of magnitude smaller than those needed without the cavities, for a fixed analyte volume. Frequency resolutions of current spectrometers result in enhancements of more than one order (two orders) of magnitude for the new (previous) design. With improved frequency resolution, the new design achieves enhancements of three orders of magnitude. We show that the TE/TM degeneracy in perfectly helicity-preserving modes is lifted by factors that are inherent to the cavities. More surprisingly, this degeneracy is also lifted by the molecules themselves due to their lack of electromagnetic duality symmetry, that is, due to the partial change of helicity during the light-molecule interactions.
Use of Tree Hollows by Two Sympatric Gliding Possums, The Squirrel Glider, Petaurus norfolcensis and The Sugar Glider, P. breviceps.
Authors: Traill B.J. , Lill A.
Published: December 2020

Populations of the Squirrel Glider, Petaurus norfolcensis and the Sugar Glider, P. breviceps, are often sympatric and the two species are potential competitors for tree hollows. Their use of hollows and artificial nest-boxes was examined in a Box-Ironbark forest where natural hollows are scarce due to past forestry practices. We found gliders used hollows in the boles and branches of trees and in coppicing stumps. There was considerable interspecific overlap in the use of hollows and nest-boxes, both by gliders and other birds and mammals. Both gliders preferred hollows and nest-boxes with narrow entrances (<50 mm diameter). Petaurus breviceps preferred nest-boxes and possibly natural tree hollows with entrances too narrow for the larger P. norfolcensis. When abundant nest-boxes of this type were introduced at the study site, P. breviceps numbers increased and then decreased when the nest-boxes were removed. The results suggest that the larger P. norfolcensis monopolise the best available hollows. Petaurus breviceps numbers may have been limited by a lack of suitable hollows.
Habitat Relationships of Small Mammals at Port Campbell National Park, Victoria.
Authors: Twyford K.L.
Published: December 2020

Habitat relationships of six species of small mammals was investigated in eight vegetation communities at Port Campbell National Park, Victoria. The dispersion of 317 trap captures over 10 months was used to assess the relationships of small mammals with different vegetation communities. Rattus fuscipes showed a strong affinity for dense, structurally complex vegetation, particularly a disused softwood plantation and to a lesser extent a closed-heath/low open-forest community. Captures of Rattus lutreolus were most frequent in the wetter communities which provided adequate cover, particularly the swamp community. A possible relationship between captures of this species and the abundance of sedge food resources is suggested. Antechinus swainsonii was captured in greatest numbers in tussock-grassland/low open-shrubland where dense ground cover was present. However, areas with dense mid-storey cover which were considered to be favourable habitat supported few individuals. Sminthopsis leucopus, although captured at low rates in only two communities, favoured more open vegetation than both A. swainsonii and A. minimus. The later species was captured rarely, but exclusively in open-heath, although more favourable habitat appeared to be present elsewhere in the Park. The low abundance of Mus musculus was attributed to a lack of habitat available at an early successional stage. A mammal species list for the Park of 15 species has been compiled based on trapping, incidental observations and indirect traces. Key areas for conservation of small mammals within the Park are identified.
Plasma Biochemistry of New South Wales Platypuses Ornithorhynchus anatinus.
Authors: Gallagher C.H. , Giles J.R. , Lonnon E.M.
Published: December 2020

In order to establish baseline data, plasma samples were collected from 139 platypuses in 12 New South Wales rivers seasonally during 1992-1996 for analysis of 23 biochemical parameters. Platypuses were caught in unweighted gill nets as described by Grant and Carrick (1974). The nets were kept under constant surveillance for trapped platypuses which were removed in 5-10 minutes, wrapped in damp, air-permeable bags and kept cool until processed within 30 minutes. Sex and approximate age were determined by spur morphology as described by Temple-Smith (1973). Body condition was assessed by the tail volume index, devised by Grant and Carrick (1978), and body weight and dimensions measured. A 1 ml of blood sample was collected from the upper biII sinus of each animal and stored on ice in a heparinised microtube until centrifuged to collect and freeze the plasma, which was analysed in the Department of Biochemistry, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital by the methods of Poulos and Piesse (1995) using an automatic multi analyser for assays other than fat soluble vitamins. Vitamins A and E were assayed by HPLC-UV Detector. Vitamin D was assayed by Radioimmuno-assay.
Instream Flow Requirements for The Platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus):A Review.
Authors: Grant T.R. , Bishop K.A.
Published: December 2020

A number of human activities have the potential to impact on platypus populations by removing water from streams or by increasing flows. Many of the major habitat requirements associated with the occurrence of platypuses have been established. It should now be possible to include these in the processes of assessing the impacts of proposed riverine and riparian developments and in the formulation of measures to mitigate their impacts. The various methods used to predict and assess the instream flow requirements of other aquatic fauna, particularly fish fauna, are reviewed and their applicability to the investigation of the instream now requirements of the platypus discussed.
Statistical Modelling of Platypus, Ornithorhynchus anatinus, Habitat Preferences Using Generalised Linear Models.
Authors: Ellem B.A. , Bryant A. , O’Connor A.
Published: December 2020

Bryant (1993) collected extensive data on the habitat preferences of the platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) measured in 36 pools in the upper Macquarie River system. Platypus presence or absence in these pools was measured on three occasions. Detailed modelling of the factors affecting pool preference was complicated by the scale of response being ordinal due to the inability of the observer to distinguish between repeated sightings of the same animal and several different animals. Initial modelling using logistic regression on a presence/absence index, collapsed from the ordinal response, discounted time of day and seasonal effects. These temporal simplifications allowed a binomial analysis of success rate based on the three visits, which identified an additional habitat factor not identified in the original analysis. Finally, a full ordinal regression of the proportions falling into each ordered category is presented as the ultimate modelling of platypus pooI preferences. The analysis indicated that length and depth of pools and the presence of overhanging vegetation were positively related to the observed presence of platypuses.
Modelling the Pattern of Platypus, Ornithorhynchus anatinus, Trappings in An Impounded Riverine Environment.
Authors: Playford C. , Ellem B.A. , Goldney D.
Published: December 2020

A mark, release, and recapture study of a platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) population is being carried out on the Duckmaloi Weir. The unusual features of these data are the continual arrival of new animals over the study period and the non-reappearance within two years of about 90% of all first-captured animals. One possible interpretation of these data is that the trapping experience may modify the mark-recapture outcomes. The possibility of observer interference has been discounted by demonstrating that time to recapture is Exponentially distributed, implying arrivals of animals into nets are Poisson distributed. Indeed time from recapture to second recapture is also Exponential, further suggesting that initial capture is not having an effect on subsequent recaptures of O. anatinus in the Duckmaloi River. These conclusions are corroborated by the distribution of the number of animals caught each night throughout the period 1986-1993 being shown to be Poisson. The subsequent modelling yields interactions between the predictors sex, age and seasons. The final outcome is that time between mark and recapture varies, since the sex response changes with age of the animals and with seasons.
Microsatellite Loci and Population Structure in the Platypus.
Authors: Akiyama S. , Grant T. , Gemmell N.J. , Marshall-Graves J.A. , Murray N.D.
Published: December 2020

To investigate the genetic relationships within and between platypus populations, molecular genetic methods employing DNA analysis are very effective, and microsatellite variation has been shown to be the most effective for population studies. Microsatellites are segments of DNA with tandem repeats of short sequence motifs, usually 1-6 base pairs of nucleotides, and they are highly variable and easy to score. Several microsatellite loci have been detected and sequenced, and PCR primers have been constructed and used to identify several polymorphic microsatellite variants. In the main breeding population, from which we have a collection of over 80 animals, two alleles not found among resident or other captured males were detected amongst juveniles. From our combination of microsatellite and mtDNA analysis, these alleles are likely to be derived from uncaptured transient males which participated in breeding. We therefore suggest that the mating system in this population of platypus involves polygyny and sneaking. Allele frequency differences have been detected between sub-populations within the same stream, consistent with observations on mtDNA genotypes. As well, there are allele frequency differences between populations from different streams and these show continuous geographical gradation, consistent with an isolation-by-distance geographical structure.
Scramble Competition Polygyny in Platypuses.
Authors: Laxdal D.
Published: December 2020

Platypuses in the Upper Hastings river catchment, near the village of Ellenborough, mid-north coast of New South Wales, occur in small numbers in pools and raceways. Visual observations of platypuses at dawn and dusk during winter-spring breeding seasons included males that wandered, mate searched and attempted forced copulations. No intrasexual aggression between males was observed. Choosy female platypuses seemed to be able to control where and when males could mate. Rare observations of aggression among female and/or juvenile platypuses during summer may have been related to resource defence. Platypuses appear to fit the scheme of 'resources influence female dispersion influences male dispersion'.
Spermiogenesis And the Cycle of The Seminiferous Epithelium in The Platypus, Ornithorhynchus Anatinus.
Authors: Lin Minjie , Jones R.C
Published: December 2020

Department of Biological Sciences, University of Newcastle, New South Wales 2308. Ultrastructural studies of spermiogenesis in platypuses indicate that they display some unique features. The origin and morphology of the perforatorium are different than in sperm from birds and therian mammals, and development of the fibrous sheath of the principal piece starts much later in the platypus. However, some features of spermiogenesis in the platypus are similar to birds, but different from therian mammals. For example, the dense granules in the developing acrosome of therian mammals are absent in platypus spermatids. Other features of spermiogenesis in the platypus are similar to processes described in therian mammals, but not birds. For example, the acrosome of platypus sperm is not confined to the rostral surface of the nucleus as in avian sperm, but extends laterally over the nucleus as in sperm from therian mammals. Further, during spermiation the tubulobulbar complexes were also observed in the platypus. Sixteen steps of spermatid development were identified and used to classify the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium into 12 stages. The area of the wall of a seminiferous tubule, which is occupied by a stage of the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium in the platypus (about 6-8 stages of the cycle per tubular cross-section), is between that of therian mammals (1-4 stages) and birds (up to 12 stages). The cycle ofseminiferous epithelium will provide a basis to determine the rate of sperm production in the platypus.
Modification of Stereotypic Behaviour in Captive Platypuses (Ornithorhynchus anatinus).
Authors: McDonald D.L
Published: December 2020

Stereotypy is a characteristic occasionally observed in captive animals. This behaviour is regularly associated with animal housing conditions that deviate fundamentally from the species' natural environment. In addition to the detrimental affect it may have on the associated animal, it creates a difficult situation for the public in understanding the presentation of animals in captivity. In April 1996, modification to the platypus exhibit at Healesville Sanctuary resulted in an increased level of light being deflected onto the glass of the shallow tank exhibit. This change in the housing conditions coincided with repetitive circling behaviour by the female platypus and avoidance activity by the male platypus. In addition, the proportion of time spent feeding by the female platypus was reduced. Modification of the exhibit furniture did not significantly alter the female's behaviour. A reduction in the light level being deflected onto the tank resulted in an immediate reduction in the circling behaviour observed for the female. The male resumed free swimming and utilisation of the entire tank. Within two weeks all stereotypic behaviour had ceased and the two platypuses had resumed normal activity patterns.
Home Range, Burrow Usage and Diel Activity of Platypuses on the Duckmaloi Weir, New South Wales.
Authors: Mcleod M. , Goldney D.
Published: December 2020

Platypuses, Ornithorhynchus anatinus, have been studied on the Duckmaloi River, New South Wales, in a long term mark-release-recapture project from 1986 to 1996. Some animals are recaptured regularly, while others are trapped only once. A high percentage of juveniles are never retrapped. New animals continue to be captured each year. Hence radio-tracking was employed to examine the movements of animals within the river system including their spatial utilisation of the Duckmaloi Weir. Concurrent studies on activity patterns and burrow usage were undertaken. Seventeen animals (I 0 juveniles, 2 subadults and 5 adults) were radio-tracked for various lengths of time between January and October 1993. Telemetric data revealed that radio-tagged animals were not recaptured on all possible occasions. Home ranges (length of river) varied from 0.5 km to 3.5 km. Home ranges of all animals, overlapped extensively, while core area overlap also occurred in the pool behind the Duckmaloi weir. One juvenile male dispersed 8.5 km upstream from the weir. Platypuses typically utilised areas when feeding with water depth between I to 2.5 m, rarely using areas less than 0.5 m deep. Juvenile platypuses were crepuscular and nocturnal, while adults, although mainly nocturnal also exhibited individual variations in diurnality. Although some individuals remained active throughout the night, others returned to burrows before re-entering the water. Animals commonly returned to certain burrow complexes with some exhibiting a higher degree of burrow site specificity than others. Certain burrows were used by nearly all radio-tagged animals over time while others were used by only a select number of individuals. Some animals tracked in the weir pool were found to share burrows.