bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ВОЗДЕЛЫВАНИЕ РАССАДЫ, ГУСТОТА СТОЯНИЯ И УРОЖАЙНОСТЬ СОРТОВ БАТАТА В УСЛОВИЯХ ЗАРАФШАНСКОЙ ДОЛИНЫ
Authors: Остонакулов Т.Э. , Хамзаев А.Х. , Шамсиев А.А.
Published: February 2022

В статье изложены результаты исследований оценки сортов батата по выходу рассады, скороспелости, темпу формирования урожая, продуктивности и урожайности, а также особенности технологии возделывания выделенных сортообразцов батата.

The article outlines the results of studies evaluating sweet potato varieties according to the yield of seedlings, precocity, yield formation rate, productivity and yield, as well as features of the technology of cultivation of selected variety samples of sweet potato.
ЭРГОНОМИЧНАЯ РАСКЛАДКА КЛАВИАТУРЫ
Authors: Извин А.В. , Горячкин Б.С.
Published: February 2022

В работе представлен алгоритм формирования новой раскладки клавиатуры, который учитываетследующие недостатки современных раскладок: неправильное распределением нагрузки между пальцамилевой и правой рук, большое количество сложно-вводимых буквенных комбинаций, высокая частотаперескакивания пальцев со строки на строку. В результате применения этого алгоритма к большомумассиву данных, получена новая более эргономичная раскладка. Проведено сравнение новой раскладкис наиболее популярной раскладкой «ЙЦУКЕН».
THE USE OF BIBLICAL EXPRESSIONS IN THE GERMAN LITERARY TEXTS AS A MEANS OF LINGUISTIC EXPRESSION
Authors: Терехова Е.В. , Ким Е.И.
Published: February 2022

В статье рассматривается стилистическая функция библеизмов в немецком художественном тексте.

The article examines the stylistic function of biblical expressions in the German literary text.
DETERMINATION OF THE MINIMUM SHEAR FORCE IN THE PRESENCE OF SLIDING FRICTION BETWEEN THE BODY AND THE INCLINED ROUGH PLANE
Authors: Варенцов В.В.
Published: February 2022

Рассмотрены различные методы определения минимальной сдвигающей силы, приложенной к телу, лежащему на наклонной шероховатой плоскости. Сдвигающая сила зависит от угла между линией действия силы и плоскостью, а также от угла наклона плоскости относительно горизонтальной поверхности. В основу решения задачи положены геометрические и аналитические формы равновесия тела. Дана сравнительная характеристика рассмотренных методов. Приведены графические зависимости углов наклона от коэффициента трения скольжения. Рассмотренные методы могут быть положены в основу разработки средств крепления различных тел на наклонных плоскостях.

Various methods for determining the minimum shear force applied to a body lying on an inclined rough plane are considered. The shear force depends on the angle between the line of action of the force and the plane, as well as on the angle of inclination of the plane relative to the horizontal surface. The solution to the problem is based on geometric and analytical forms of body equilibrium. A comparative characteristic of the considered methods is given. Graphical dependences of the tilt angles on the coeffi cient of sliding friction are given. The methods considered can be the basis for the development of means of fastening various bodies on inclined planes.
STABILITY OF VARIOUS TYPES OF CONIFEROUS PLANTS TO THE CONDITIONS OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Белов А.Н. , Репш Н.В. , Колтун Г.Г. , Теребова С.В.
Published: February 2022

Изучена устойчивость различных видов хвойных растений к условиям техногенной среды на территории города Уссурийска (Приморский кр.) за период 1992–2019 гг. Исследовались хвойные де ревья, находящиеся на расстояние 1–1,5 м и более 5 м от проезжей части улиц, а также деревья, защищенные от проезжей части жилищными строениями. Состояние деревьев оценивалось в баллах по общепринятой шкале. Результаты показали, что наиболее поражались деревья, испытывающие острое воздействие атмосферного загрязнения при прямой фумигации выхлопными газами. Растения, находящиеся в зоне хронического загрязнения были поражены в меньшей степени, но имели ярко выраженные признаки угнетенного жизненного состояния. Устойчивость хвойных пород к действию атмосферного загрязнения уменьшается в ряду Larix dahurica Turcz. ex Trautv. – Pinus funebrus Kom. (P. densifl ora Sieb. et Zucc.) – P. sylvestris L. , P. koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc. Последний из названных видов наименее устойчив в озеленительных посадках.

The resistance of various species of conifers to the conditions of anthropogenic environment in the city of Ussuriisk for the period 1992–2019 was studied. Methods. Coniferous trees located at a distance of 1–1,5 m and more than 5 m from the carriageway of the streets, as well as trees protected from the carriageway by housing structures were investigated. The condition of the trees was evaluated in points on a generally accepted scale. The most affected trees are those exposed to atmospheric pollution as a result of direct fumigation with exhaust fumes. Plants located in the zone of chronic pollution are less affected, but have all the pronounced signs of an oppressed state of life. The resistance of conifers to atmospheric pollution decreases in the series Larix dahurika Turcz. – Pinus funebrus Kom. (P. densifl ora Sieb. Et Zucc.) – P. silvestris L. – Picea koraiensis Nakai. – P. koraiensis Sieb. et zucc. P. silvestris L. is the least resistant to technogenic pollution, in comparison with other conifers used in green building.
GEOMECHANICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ZONE OF WATER-CONDUCTING CRACKS BY THE OBSERVED DEFORMATIONS ON THE EARTH'S SURFACE
Authors: Гусев В.Н. , Сойту Н.Ю. , Власенко С.В.
Published: February 2022

Показано, как на основе взаимосвязи деформаций слоев массива горных пород и образования в них техногенных нормальносекущих слой трещин осуществляется мониторинг за развитием зоны водопроводящих трещин над горной выработкой и прогноз ширины раскрытия техногенных нормальносекущих трещин в слоях подрабатываемого массива. Такой подход расширяет диапазон горногеологических условий, для которых решаются задачи безопасного ведения горных работ под водными объектами.

It is shown how, based on the relationship between the deformations of the layers of the rock massif and the formation of technogenic vertically secant cracks in them, the changes in the parameters of the zone of water conducting cracks over the mine are monitored. Magnitudes of the disclosure of technogenic vertically secant cracks in the layers of the massif is predicted using the aforementioned relationship of deformations and crack formation. This approach expands the range of geological conditions for which the tasks of safe mining under water bodies are solved.
FEATURES OF GIRTH WELD SEAMS FAILURE IN THERMOKARST ZONE OPERATION PIPELINE
Authors: Зорин Е.Е. , Ефимов В.М. , Сорокин В.Н.
Published: February 2022

Рассмотрены механизмы разрушения кольцевых монтажных сварных соединений трубопроводов поземной прокладки на участках термокарста при длительном нестационарном нагружении в условиях сложного напряженно-деформированного состояния с элементом кручения.

The mechanisms of girth weld seam failure for subsurface pipelines operation in thermokarst zone are considered. Pipelines in this zone are in the diffi cult stress-strain state and subjected to non-stationary loading and twisting.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE RADIATION WAVELENGTH ON PARTICLE SHADOW VELOCIMETRY METHOD
Authors: Пьо Ту.К. , Скорнякова Н.М.
Published: February 2022

В работе представлены результаты экспериментального исследования влияния длины волны излучения на точность теневой анемометрии по изображениям частиц (ТАИЧ). Получена зависимость контраста получаемых изображений от длины волны применяемого излучения. По экспериментальным данным и известному диаметру измеряемого объекта получена зависимость относительной погрешности от длины волны.

The paper presents the results of an experimental study of the infl uence of the radiation wavelength on the accuracy of particle shadow velocimetry (PSV). The dependence of the contrast of the obtained images on the incident radiation wavelength is obtained. According to the experimental data and the known diameter of the measurement object, the dependence of the relative error on the wavelength is obtained.
ТOOLS FOR EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE FOUNDATION’S FOR ASSISTANCE TO SMALL INNOVATIVE ENTERPRISES
Authors: Митрофанов А.С. , Пастухов М.В.
Published: February 2022

В статье рассматривается оценка эффективности исполнения грантов предоставляемых Фондом содействия инновациям, с точки зрения бюджетных инвестиций, а также проводится анализ нефинансовых инструментов поддержки малых инновационных предприятий. На основе опроса грантополучателей авторы проводят исследование о востребованности тех или иных услуг со стороны грантодателя.

The article considers the evaluation of the effectiveness of grants provided by Foundation’s for Assistance to Small Innovative Enterprises the from the point of view of budget investments, as well as the analysis of nonfi nancial instruments for supporting small innovative enterprises. Based on a survey of grantees, the authors conduct a study on the demand for certain services from the grantee.
THE EFFECT OF B. THURINGIENSIS STRAINS 854 AND 888 ON THE MICROBIOTA AND CELLULOLYTIC SYSTEMS IN THE SOUTHERN BLACK SOIL
Authors: Крыжко А.В. , Горелова В.В. , Ширма А.В.
Published: February 2022

Установлено, что в условиях модельного эксперимента штаммы B. thuringiensis 854 и 888 способны увеличивать активность разложения клетчатки на 89,4% и 85,6%. Показано, что наиболее активно на интенсивность эмиссии СО2 чернозема южного влияет обработка почвы штаммами B. thuringiensis 815, 854, 888 и 902, способствовавшая увеличению интенсивности эмиссии СО2 в 4,5– 5,8 раз. Обработка чернозема южного B. thuringiensis 854 и 888 способствует увеличению численности бактерий-аммонификаторов в 2–5,4 раза и олиготрофов в 2–6 раз. Обнаружены тенденции, свидетельствующие об активизации целлюлозолитических процессов в черноземе южном под действием штаммов B. thuringiensis 854 и 888.

It is established that the treatment of southern black soil by the cultures of B. thuringiensis 810, 815, 854, 888 and 902 strains promotes to increase the activity of cellulose decomposition per 67–94% in a model experiment. The B. thuringiensis 815, 854, 888 and 902 strains contributed to an increase of СО2 emission intensity in the southern сhernozem by 4,5–5,8 times. It increases the number of bacteria ammonifying in 2–5,4 times and oligotrophs in 2–6 times. The activation of cellulolytic processes in the southern сhernozem under the action of strains B. thuringiensis 854 and 888.
FEATURES OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE BATURA TOAD BUFOTES BATURAE (STÖCK, SCHMID, STEINLEIN AND GROSSE, 1999) ON VARIOUS FEED
Authors: Матушкина К.А. , Неверова А.О. , Иволга Р.А.
Published: February 2022

В работе приводятся результаты эксперимента по выращиванию молоди батурской жабы на различных кормах. Обсуждается эффективность использования мраморного и туркестанского тараканов в кормлении батурской жабы в лабораторных условиях.

The work presents the results of an experiment on growing juvenile Batura toad on various feeds. The paper discusses the effectiveness of using marble and Turkestan cockroaches in feeding the Batura toad in laboratory.
ON THE PROBLEM OF GROUNDWATER CONSUMPTION IN PRIVATE HOUSING CONSTRUCTION
Authors: Санжиева С.Е. , Хандуева В.Д. , Шантагарова Н.В.
Published: February 2022

Отличительной чертой г. Улан-Удэ и его пригородной зоны стала индивидуальная жилая застройка. В создаваемых поселках обеспечение населения питьевой водой стала острой проблемой. В статье приведены результаты исследований качества подземных вод индивидуальных скважин, используемых в питьевых целях, а также дан анализ неконтролируемого сброса сточных вод в дренируемые грунты.

The city of Ulan-Ude and its suburbs are featured with private house building. The acute problem in created settlements is drinking water supply. The article presents the results of groundwater quality studies of individual wells used for drinking purposes, and also analysis of uncontrolled discharge of sewage waters into drained soils.
DETERMINATION OF APPLICABILITY BOUNDARIES OF PARTICLE SHADOW VELOCIMETRY METHOD
Authors: Пьо Ту.К. , Скорнякова Н.М.
Published: February 2022

В работе представлен метод теневой анемометрии по изображению ч астиц (ТАИЧ). Представлена методика моделирования картин ТАИЧ в рамках геометрической оптики. Был проведён ряд экспериментов по исследованию параметров частиц в зависимости от различных конфигураций экспериментальной установки, в том числе от параметров фокусировки и длины волны падающего излучения. Определены границы применимости метода теневой анемометрии по изображениям частиц.

The paper presents the method of particle shadow velocimetry (PSV). The technique of modeling PSV paintings in the framework of geometric optics is presented. A series of experiments were carried out to study the parameters of particles depending on various experimental setup confi gurations, including the focusing parameters and the wavelength of the incident radiation. The limits of particle shadow velocimetry method applicability are determined.
STUDY OF THE CAUSES OF THE CORROSION OF WELDED JOINTS OF HOT WATER PIPING MADE OF STAINLESS STEEL
Authors: Устинова Ю.В. , Зайцев А.Н. , Суздальцева Е.Н. , Холдина М.С.
Published: February 2022

В статье рассмотрены причины коррозии сварных соединений трубопроводов горячей воды на основе нержавеющей стали, применяемых на пищевых производствах. Установлено, что коррозионные процессы протекают в результате электрохимической коррозии, возникающей в результате взаимодействия содержащихся в нержавеющей стали легирующих добавок с хлорноватистой кислотой, что приводит к образованию гальванических пар. Приведены рекомендации по устранению коррозии.

The article deals with the causes of corrosion of welded joints of hot water pipelines based on stainless steel used in food industries. It is established that the corrosion processes occur as a result of the electrochemical corrosion rising from the interaction of alloying additives contained in the stainless steel with a hypochlorous acid, which brings to the galvanic pairs formation. The recommendations on corrosion elimination are given.
REACTIVITY TO ARTERIAL ADRENALINE IN WORKING MUSCLE HYPEREMIA ON THE BACKGROUND OF INCOMPLETE COLD ADAPTATION
Authors: Ананьев В.Н. , Прокопьев Н.Я. , Ананьев Г.В. , Ананьева О.В. , Гуртовой Е.С.
Published: February 2022

В ходе экспериментов впервые были получены материалы, свидетельствующие о значительном снижении сосудосуживающего эффекта эпинефрина на артерии при работе мышц как до воздействия холода, так и после 5 дней незавершенной адаптации к холоду, за счет снижения чувствительности α1-адренорецепторов артерий. Таким образом, результатом исследований явился вывод о том, что один из естественных природных факторов холод, может в значительном диапазоне менять функциональную адреноактивность артерий в работающих скелетных мышцах до и на фоне холода.

The experiments were fi rst obtained evidence of the signifi cant reduction in vasoconstrictor effect of epinephrine on the arteries when the muscle as to the effects of cold, and after 5 days of incomplete adaptation to cold, by reducing the sensitivity of α1-adrenergic receptors of the arteries. Thus, the result of the research was the conclusion that one of the natural factors of cold can signifi cantly change the functional adrenoactivity of arteries in working skeletal muscles before and against the background of cold.
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY IN SILICON POLYPRISMANES
Authors: Гришаков К.С. , Катин К.П. , Маслов М.М.
Published: February 2022

Настоящая работа посвящена исследованию сверхпроводимости в кремниевых полипризманах. Проведены расчеты фононных спектров, демонстрирующие динамическую устойчивость рассматриваемых структур. Найдены значения константы электрон-фононного взаимодействия λ = 1.96 и критической температуры сверхпроводящего перехода Tc = 8.8 K.

The presented work is devoted to the analysis of superconductivity in the silicon polyprismanes. The phonon spectra were calculated that demonstrated the dynamic stability of the structures under consideration. The values of the electron-phonon interaction constant λ = 1.96 and the critical temperature of the superconducting transition Tc = 8.8 K were obtained.
BOTANICAL FEATURES OF NICOTIANA SPECIES USED IN GENETIC RESEARCH
Authors: Ларькина Н.И.
Published: February 2022

Виды рода Nicotiana в ботанической системе относятся к семейству Solanasea. Этот род насчитывает более 60 представителей, занимает ареалы Центральной и Южной Америки, Австралии и островов между ними. Растения рода – однолетние и многолетние травы и кустарники, высотой от 50 см до 4 м, с обоеполыми цветками, воронкообразным венчиком, пятью лепестками и тычинками, с двугнездной завязью и многосеменной маленькой коробочкой с мелкими семенами. Проявляют устойчивость к многим вредным организмам. Ботанические особенности видов используются в разных биологических направлениях при генетических исследованиях.

Species of the genus Nicotiana belong to the Solanasea family in the Botanical system. This genus has more than 60 representatives, occupies the areas of Central and South America, Australia and the Islands between them. Plants of the genus Nicotiana are annual and perennial grasses and shrubs, ranging in height from 50 cm to 4 m, with bisexual fl owers, a funnel-shaped Corolla, fi ve petals and stamens, with a double-nest ovary and a multi-seed small box with small seeds. They are resistant to many harmful organisms. Botanical features of species are used in different biological directions in genetic research.
THE FORMATION OF THE PRIMARY GROUND COVER ON THE MINERALIZED SOIL-SOILS OF BORO-COAL DUMPS OF THE PRIMORSK REGION
Authors: Белов А.Н. , Репш Н.В. , Ландык В.М. , Ломова В.В.
Published: February 2022

Закрепление сильно минерализованных почвогрунтов отвалов отработанных буроугольных месторождений невозможно без формирования первичного напочвенного покрова из наиболее устойчивых к экстремальным почвенно-растительным условиям видов растений. Такие виды способствуют закреплению поверхностного почвенного слоя, переводу поверхностного стока в подземный, вмыванию солей железа и сульфатов в более глубокие горизонты почвы. Это в свою очередь создает условия для дальнейшего обогащения видового состава формирующихся в дальнейшем фитоценозов.

The fixing of highly mineralized soil-soils of dumps of worked-out brown coal deposits is impossible without the formation of the primary soil cover from the plant species most resistant to extreme soil-plant conditions. Such species contribute to the fi xation of the surface soil layer, the conversion of surface runoff to underground, the washing of salts of iron and sulfates into deeper soil horizons. This, in turn, creates conditions for further enrichment of the species composition of phytocenoses that are formed in the future.
ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ АНТИСЕПТИКА-СТИМУЛЯТОРА Д2-ФРАКЦИЯ ДЛЯ УВЕЛИЧЕНИЯ РЕНТАБЕЛЬНОСТИ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ПРИ ВЫРАЩИВАНИИ БРОЙЛЕРОВ
Authors: Киселев В.Л. , Киселев А.Л. , Яхин А.Я. , Тинаева Е.А.
Published: February 2022

Установлено, что аэрозольная обработка суточных цыплят-бройлеров в течении 5 секунд 15%-м раствором АНТИСЕПТИКА-СТИМУЛЯТОРА Д2-фракця способствует приросту живой массы, и увеличению сохранности поголовья.

The study shows that aerosol spraying of the day-old broiler chicken with the 15% solution of an antisepticstimulator D2-fraction for fi ve seconds promotes increase in their live weight and livability.
КОЛЕБАНИЯ СТРЕЛЫ БАШЕННОГО КРАНА ПРИ НАЛИЧИИ ГРУЗА
Authors: Пашков А.В.
Published: February 2022

Решена задача о колебаниях стрелы крана, несущей груз, возникающих в результате торможения поворотной части крана. На основании решения дифференциальных уравнений колебаний системы с двумя степенями свободы при начальных условиях, обусловленных остановкой стрелы, полученыуравнения колебаний стрелы в горизонтальной плоскости и амплитудные значения этих колебаний.

The problem of vibrations of the crane boom carrying the load that occur as a result of braking the rotating part of the crane is solved. Based on the solution of differential equations of vibrations of a system with two degrees of freedom under initial conditions caused by the boom stop, the equations of vibrations of the boom in the horizontal plane and the amplitude values of these vibrations are obtained.
HISTORICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL ESSENCE OF AESTHETICS OF MUSLIM CULTURE
Authors: Исаков К.А. , Азизова Д.Ш. , Матаев М.А.
Published: February 2022

Данная статья посвящена изучению отдельных вопросов эстетики арабского мира и его художественному философскому наследию. Исследуется более глубокий самобытный характер философии ислама. А также рассмотрено соотношение философского и религиозного миросозерцания в искусстве (на примере арабской школы поэзии). В этом смысле, несмотря на то, что исламское искусство характеризуется рядом формальных признаков, таких как абстрактность, плоскостное изображение, оно всегда обладало духовной функцией, которая была тесно связана с ориентирами мусульманского и философского миросозерцания.

This article defi nes the aesthetics of the Arab world and its artistic and philosophical heritage. The deeper original character of the philosophy of Islam is investigated. In addition, the relations of philosophical and religious worldview in art (on the example of the Arabic school of poetry) are considered. In this sense, despite the fact that Islamic art is characterized by a number of formal features, such as abstraction, plane image, it has always had a spiritual function, which was closely related to the guidelines of the Muslim and philosophical worldview.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ БРОДЯЧЕГО СЮЖЕТА В ТВОРЧЕСТВЕ АКЫНА ТОГОЛОК МОЛДО
Authors: Солтобаева К.Б. , Колбаева М.К.
Published: February 2022

В статье проводится анализ литературной сказки «Абышка кемпирдин көмөчү» («Колобок»), написанной акыном, манасчы, собирателем фольклора – Тоголок Молдо – на основе бродячего сюжета. Проведено сравнение сказочного сюжета с аналогичными сказками других народов, в том числе ее русским вариантом. В своем варианте Тоголок Молдо значительно расширил данный бродячий сюжет сразу в нескольких аспектах, переложил его на стихи, объем произведения был увеличен, поэтому разделен на шесть частей. Статья отражает изменения и дополнения, внесенные в литературную сказку, такие, как: ряд национальных особенностей кыргызского народа – сезонно-кочевой образ жизни старика и старухи, характерная технология хлебопечения. Также была расширен морально-этический аспект – причиной ухода колобка стала гордыня старика и старухи, а в лице колобка и лисы показаны хвастовство и хитрость.

Article analyses a literary fairy tale "Abyshka kempirdin komochu” ("Kolobok") written by the akyn, Manas-teller, folklorist – Togolok Moldo – on the basis of a migratory subject. Fairy story were compared with similar fairy tales of other nations, including Russian version. Togolok Moldo considerably expanded this migratory subject in several aspects, put into verse, the volume of the work was increased therefore it was divided into six parts. Article refl ects changes and additions made in literary fairy tale such as: a set of national features of the Kyrgyz nation – a seasonal and nomadic way of life of old man and woman, characteristic technology of bread baking. Also the moral and ethical aspects were expanded – the reason of leaving of kolobok became arrogance of old man and woman, and boasting and cunning are shown in the person of kolobok and a fox.
Major scientific results of the Fersman Mineralogical Museum of RAS in 2020
Authors: Плечов П.Ю. , Белаковский Д.И. , Касаткин А.В. , Пеков И.В. , Агаханов А.А. , Паутов Л.А. , Гриценко Ю.Д. , Карпенко В.Ю. , Гаранин В.К. , Коновалова К.А. , Некрылов Н.А.
Published: February 2022

Статья представляет собой обзор основных научных результатов сотрудников Минералогического музея им. А.Е. Ферсмана РАН (Минмузея РАН) за 2020 год. Приведены краткие описания 24 новых минеральных видов: это люборжакит, походяшинит, гунгерит, ауэрбахит, бираит-(La), алекскузнецовит-(Се), рабдоборит-(Mo), манганобадаловит, дуткевичит-(Се), чукоткаит, сарановскит, боярит, куфарит, хасановит, шахдараит-(Y), ботуобинскит, мирныйит, зайковит, селенолаурит, одихинчаит, ермаковит, шуйскит-(Cr), попугаеваит, аммониотинслейит.В статье суммированы текущие результаты изучения минералогических объектов, связанных с фумарольными полями и угольными пожарами, щелочными массивами, рудными месторождениями и редкометальными гранитными пегматитами. Также приведены результаты изучения минералогии метеоритного вещества, новые данные по исследованию морфологии алмазов Архангельской алмазоносной провинции и включений в них, данные по детальному изучению оливина скарнов и метаморфических карбонатно-силикатных пород, результаты изучения сульфидных расплавных включений в высокомагнезиальных базальтах Камчатского мыса.
Reliable Sample Preservation Solution: The Critical First Step in Accurate Detection of SARS-CoV-2
Authors:   Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China, Y Yang , Q Song ,   State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production & Formulation Engineering, PLA, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, X Dai ,   Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China, L Dong ,   Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China
Published: February 2022

The unprecedented global pandemic known as COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 has a profound impact on human life and health, economy and society. Since the outbreak, tremendous effort has been put forth to expand our capacity to diagnose this deadly virus, because accurate detection is essential to effectively combat the epidemic. Numbers of reports have focused on whether the detection methods are sensitive and accurate enough [1]. Little information on the critical first step of detection, sample preservation, is available. At present, there are various of virus Preservation Solutions (PS) on the market, which are used for the preservation of swab samples in nucleic acid detection of SARS-CoV-2. When screening or testing for SARS-CoV-2, pharyngeal swab or nasal swab should be put into PS. Before nucleic acid extraction, the sample may stay in the protective solution for several hours or days. If the sample is not effectively protected in the preservation solution, resulting in the degradation of virus nucleic acid then false negative will occur in the downstream detection process [2]. Therefore, the protection ability to virus RNA of PS is critical important to the reliability of nucleic acid detection results.
Physics-based neural networks for simulation and synthesis of cyclic adsorption processes
Authors: Subraveti Sai Gokul , Li Zukui , Prasad Vinay , Rajendran Arvind
Published: February 2022

A computationally faster and reliable modelling approach called a physics-based artificial neural network framework for adsorption and chromatography emulation (PANACHE) is developed. PANACHE uses deep neural networks for cycle synthesis and simulation of cyclic adsorption processes. The proposed approach focuses on learning the underlying governing partial differential equations in the form of a physics-constrained loss function to simulate adsorption processes accurately. The methodology developed herein does not require any system-specific inputs such as isotherm parameters. Accordingly, unique neural network models were built to fully predict the column dynamics of different constituent steps based on unique boundary conditions that are typically encountered in adsorption processes. The trained neural network model for each constituent step aims to predict the entire spatiotemporal solutions of different state variables by obeying the underlying physical laws. The proposed approach is tested by constructing and simulating four different vacuum swing adsorption cycles for post-combustion CO2 capture without retraining the neural network models. For each cycle, 50 simulations, each corresponding to a unique set of operating conditions, are carried out until the cyclic-steady state. The results demonstrated that the purity and recovery calculated from the neural network-based simulations are within 2.5% of the detailed model's predictions. PANACHE reduced computational times by 100 times while maintaining similar accuracy of the detailed model simulations.
Hybrid QM/MM free energy evaluation of drug-resistant mutational effect on binding of an inhibitor Indinavir to HIV-1 protease
Authors: Taguchi Masahiko , Oyama Ryo , Kaneso Masahiro , Hayashi Shigehiko
Published: February 2022

Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) protease is a homo-dimeric aspartic protease essential for replication of HIV. The HIV-1 protease is a target protein in drug discovery for antiretroviral therapy, and various inhibitor molecules of transition state analog were developed. However, serious drug-resistant mutants have emerged. For understanding molecular mechanism of the drug-resistance, accurate examination of the impacts of the mutations on ligand binding as well as enzymatic activity is necessary. Here, we present a molecular simulation study on the ligand binding of Indinavir, a potent transition state analog inhibitor, to the native protein and a V82T/I84V drug-resistant mutant of HIV-1 protease. We employed a hybrid ab initio quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical (QM/MM) free energy optimization technique which combines highly accurate QM description of the ligand molecule and its interaction with statistically ample conformational sampling of MM protein environment by long-time molecular dynamics simulations. Through free energy calculations of protonation states of catalytic groups at the binding pocket and of ligand binding affinity changes upon the mutations, we successfully reproduced the experimentally observed significant reduction of the binding affinity upon the drug-resistant mutations and elucidated the underlying molecular mechanism. The present study opens the way for understanding the molecular mechanism of drug-resistance through direct quantitative comparison of ligand binding and enzymatic reaction with the same accuracy.
Hydride state accumulation in native [FeFe]-hydrogenase with the physiological reductant H2 supports its catalytic relevance
Authors: Senger Moritz , Kernmayr Tobias , Lorenzi Marco , Redman Holly J. , Berggren Gustav
Published: February 2022

Small molecules in solution may affect the stability of catalytic states and produce off-cycle states that can be mistaken for catalytically relevant species. Here we show that the hydride state (Hhyd), a proposed central intermediate in the catalytic cycle of [FeFe] hydrogenase, can be formed in wild-type [FeFe]-hydrogenases treated with H2 in strict absence of other, non-biological, reductants. Moreover, we reveal a new state with unclear role in catalysis induced by common low pH buffers.
An automated method for graph-based chemical space exploration and transition state finding.
Authors: Ramos Sánchez Pablo , Harvey Jeremy , Gámez Jose
Published: February 2022

Graphical Abstract Description: A strategy for automatically exploring chemical space is presented. The method efficiently combines graph theory and quantum-chemical techniques to reduce the required human expertise and computational time for finding minima and saddle points in a potential energy surface. This is done by applying graph elementary transformations over automatically detected functional groups in molecules. Transition states in the resulted reaction network are then automatically found at a low level of theory to be later more accurately described at a higher level. Abstract: Applications of algorithms that automatically explore the chemical space have been limited to chemical systems with a low number of atoms due to expensive involved quantum calculations. Nonetheless, it is possible to explore large regions of the chemical space with low-cost graph theory techniques, to later apply quantum calculations on relevant reaction paths. The method described here tackles the problem of chemical exploration by generating reaction networks with heuristics based on chemical theory. This is done by defining molecular graph transformations that represent elementary reactions in a graph theory approach. Such transformations act upon functional groups in molecules that fulfil the Lewis Structure, which are represented in terms of bond order matrices. This way, a study showing computational time and method’s performance in five different chemical systems is presented with a concise chemical representation of graphs, to finally apply an efficient combination of quantum chemical calculations on the reaction paths.
Sulfur-assisted urea synthesis from carbon monoxide and ammonia in water
Authors: Kitadai Norio , Okada Satoshi , Makabe Akiko , Tasumi Eiji , Miyazaki Masayuki
Published: February 2022

Efficient conversion of carbon monoxide into urea in an aqueous ammonia solution was demonstrated through coupling with the elemental sulfur reduction to polysulfides. Polysulfides control the overall reaction rate while suppressing the accumulation of a by-product, hydrogen sulfide. These functions follow basic kinetic and thermodynamic theories, enabling prediction-based reaction control. This operational merit, together with the superiority of water as a green solvent, suggests that our demonstrated urea synthesis is a promising option for sulfur utilization beneficial for agricultural production.
Proton Hyperpolarization Relay from Nanocrystals to Liquid Water
Authors: Matsumoto Naoto , Nishimura Koki , Kimizuka Nobuo , Nishiyama Yusuke , Tateishi Kenichiro , Uesaka Tomohiro , Yanai Nobuhiro
Published: February 2022

Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) using transient electron spin polarization generated by photoexcitation can improve nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) sensitivity far beyond the thermal equilibrium limit for analysis in life science and drug discovery. However, DNP of liquid water at room temperature remains an important challenge. In previous studies, polarization has been transferred directly from the electron spins in the solid to the nuclear spins of the target, and this has been limited to near-surface solid or highly-viscous targets. Here, we propose a new method called hyperpolarization relay, in which the polarization of electron spins is transferred to proton spins in the nanocrystals and then to proton spins in bulk water by the nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE). Molecular nanocrystals doped with a polarizing agent that generates a highly-polarized photoexcited triplet were synthesized by a reprecipitation method while controlling the size of the nanocrystals. As the size of the nanocrystals decreases, the efficiency of polarization transfer from nanocrystals to water was improved due to the increase in the surface area.
A REGULAÇÃO DA INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL E NOVOS CONTORNOS PARA CARACTERIZAÇÃO DA RESPONSABILIDADE CIVIL
Authors: Nascimento Hérica Cristina Paes , Souza Maique Barbosa de , Oliveira Patrícia Da Silveira
Published: February 2022

A inteligência artificial vem ganhando um espaço cada vez maior na sociedade dada a demanda crescente por soluções tecnológicas mais assertivas, confiáveis, seguras e responsáveis. Apesar disso, também se busca proteção frente aos vieses e possíveis danos que os sistemas de IA podem causar. Nesse sentido, novos contornos jurídicos de proteção vão surgindo e se mostrando cada vez mais adequados à regulamentação e na imposição de limites que garantam não só a proteção dos direitos fundamentais dos usuários, mas também permitam o desenvolvimento tecnológico que atenda às demandas crescentes por novas tecnologias.
THE LEVEL OF DEPRESSION AMONG PARENTS OF AUTISM CHILDREN: A QUANTITATIVE STUDY
Authors: Nurhidayah Ikeu , Noor Ambya Nisa Lailatun , Adistie Fanny , Hidayati Nur Oktavia
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTBackground: Caring for a child with autism in the family is a long-term challenge for the parents that impact physical and psychological health. Negative psychological problems that occur continuously will result in depression to the parents.Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the level of depression in parents who have children with autism at four schools of special needs children (SLB Risantya, SLB Autis Prananda, SLB Jatis Hurip, and SLB D YPAC at Great Bandung Region.Methods: This study used a quantitative descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach. The sampling method used was total sampling, and 39 respondents were obtained. The instrument used was Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) standard instrument in the Indonesian version.Result: This study showed that 76,9% of parents who have children with autism had minimal depression/normal, 12,8%  of mild depression,  7,7% of moderate depression, and 2,6% of severe depression.Conclusion: The Conclusions of this study indicate that many parents who have children with autism were at minimal/normal depression. However, there were still 2.6% of respondents in severe depression. Nurses needed to provide nursing care that focuses on families, such as counselling and sustainably doing depression screening to parents who have children with autism.
HUBUNGAN JUMLAH ANGGOTA KELUARGA, PENDIDIKAN IBU, PENGAMBIL KEPUTUSAN DENGAN PELAKSANAAN PERATURAN MENTERI KESEHATAN RI NOMOR 39 TAHUN 2016 TENTANG PENYELENGGARAAN PROGRAM IKS DI DESA MANGUNANLOR
Authors: Purnomo Muhammad , Azizah Noor , Alawiyah Tutik
Published: February 2022

AbstrakPermenkes Nomor: 39 tahun 2016 dilaksanakan dengan 3 (tiga) pilar utama, yaitu: penerapan paradigma sehat, penguatan pelayanan kesehatan dan Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN). Penerapan paradigma sehat dilakukan dengan strategi pengarusutamaan kesehatan dalam pembangunan, penguatan upaya promotif dan preventif, serta pemberdayaan masyarakat. Penguatan pelayanan kesehatan dilakukan dengan strategi peningkatan akses pelayanan kesehatan yang ditujukan kepada tercapainya keluarga - keluarga sehat yang terbagi menjadi 12 indikator keluarga sehat.Tujuan Penelitian: Mengetahui hubungan jumlah anggota keluarga, pendidikan ibu, pengambil keputusan dalam keluarga dengan  kesehatan keluarga di desa Mangunan LorMetode Penelitian: penelitian analitik korelasi mencari hubungan antara dua variable dengan pendekatan cross sectional waktu pengukuran atau observasi data variable independent dan dependent hanya satu kali dengan jumlah populasi 569 KK dengan saple 85 KK menggunakan uji Spearman Rho dengan tingkat kemaknaan α ≤ 0,05Hasil: Keluarga kecil 45 (53%), Keluarga sedang 20 (23,5%) dan besar 20 (23,5%). Pendidikan ibu: Dasar 50 (58,8%), Menengah 27 (31,8%), Tinggi 8 (9,4%). Pengambil Keputusan Keluarga Suami 35 (41,2%), istri 5 (5,9%), suami dan istri dominan suami 20 (23,5%), suami dan istri dominan istri 7 (8,2%), suami dan istri seimbang 18 (21,2%). Indeks Keluarga Sehat 5 (5,9%), Pra Sehat 60 (70,6%), Indeks Keluarga Tidak Sehat 20 (23,5%). Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan jumlah anggota keluarga dengan Kesehatan Keluarga nilai p=0,000, nilai (r=0,711). Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan pendidikan ibu dengan Kesehatan Keluarga, nilai p=0,000 dan nilai (r=0,434). Terdapat hubungan signifikan pengambil keputusan dalam keluarga dengan Kesehatan Keluarga nilai p=0,000 dan (r=0,459).
HUBUNGAN PELATIHAN BEDAH DASAR I DENGAN IMPLEMENTASI SURGICAL PATIENT SAFETY PADA PERAWAT DI KAMAR BEDAH RSI SUNAN KUDUS
Authors: Rusnoto Rusnoto , Cholifah Noor
Published: February 2022

ABSTRAK Latar Belakang. Keselamatan Pasien merupakan isu global dan nasional bagi rumah sakit. Keselamatan pasien di ruang operasi ditingkatkan melalui pelaksanaan surgical safety Checklist. Implementasi surgical safety Checklist dipengaruhi pelatihan bedah dasar. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan pelatihan bedah dasar I dengan implementasi surgical patient safety pada perawat di kamar bedah RSI Sunan Kudus. Metode. Jenis penelitian ini adalah korelasional analitik dengan desain penelitian cros sectional, teknik pengambilan sampel total sampling. Populasinya adalah perawat di Kamar Bedah RSI Sunan Kudus yang berjumlah sebanyak 30 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data dilakukan dengan bantuan SPSS menggunakan uji Chi Square. Hasil. Hasil uji nonparametrik Chi Square didapatkan nilai p 0.000. Simpulan. Terdapat hubungan antara pelatihan bedah dasar I dengan implementasi surgical patient safety pada perawat di kamar bedah RSI Sunan Kudus karena nilai p (0.000) 0.05 pada taraf signifikansi 5%. Disarankan agar rumah sakit memberikan program peningkatan pengetahuan dan skill perawat bedah melalui pelatihan bedah dasar serta melengkapi standar operasional prosedur di kamar bedah. Kata kunci : Pelatihan Bedah Dasar, Surgical Safety Checklist.   ABSTRACT  Background. Patient Safety was a global and national issue for hospitals. Patient safety in the operating room was enhanced through the implementation of a surgical safety Checklist. Implementation of surgical safety Checklist was influenced by basic surgical training. The purpose of this research was to know the relationship of basic surgical training I with the implementation of surgical patient safety at nurses in surgery room RSI Sunan Kudus. Method. The research was correlational analytics with cross sectional design. The technique sampling used total sampling. The population was nurses in Surgery Room RSI Sunan Kudus. The total of them were 30 peoples. Data collecting used questionnaire. The data analysis was done with Chi Square test. Results. The result of nonparametric test of Chi Square got value p 0.000. Conclusion. There was a relationship between basic surgical training I and the implementation of surgical patient safety at nurses in surgery room RSI Sunan Kudus because p value (0.000) 0.05 at 5% significance level. It was suggested that the hospital provide a program of knowledge enhancement and surgical nurse skills through basic surgical training as well as complementing standard operating procedures in the operating room. Keywords: Basic Surgery Training, Surgical Safety Checklist.
Theoretical aspects of the development of psychological and pedagogical ensuring for mentoring in the penal enforcement system
Authors: Mukhina T. G. , Filippova T. V.
Published: February 2022

Introduction. The relevance of the study is to increase the competencies of employees of the penal enforcement system. The development of for рsychological and рedagogical ensuring for mentoring in institutions of the penitentiary system is an urgent and promising direction for the adaptation of young professionals in the workplace. It helps to improve educational work with the staff, to preserve and strengthen the human resources of the penitentiary system.

Materials and Methods. The article deals with the research of Russian scientists in the field of рsychological and рedagogical ensuring. The main attention is the author's development of the theoretical aspects of the pedagogical support of mentoring in the penal enforcement system, taking into account the specifics of this organization. The research uses methods of analyzing scientific literature, generalizing and systematizing data.

Results. The purpose of the study is to carry out a theoretical analysis of the main approaches to the concept of рsychological and рedagogical support and to develop the concept of «pedagogical ensuring of mentoring in the penal enforcement system». The authors have defined and described the concept of «рsychological and рedagogical ensuring of mentoring in the penal enforcement system».

Discussion and Conclusions. The authors consider that the perspective of the study is to continue development of the notion of «рsychological and рedagogical ensuring for mentoring in the Penal Enforcement System». The practical significance of the work lies in the fact that its results can serve as a more complete use of the institutional, organizational and personal resources in the Penal Enforcement System, as well as become the basis for improving the modern model of mentoring of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia.
Performance analysis of rule-based classification and deep learning method for automatic road extraction
Authors: BAYRAMOĞLU Zeynep , UZAR Melis
Published: February 2022

The need for accurate and up-to-date spatial data by decision-makers in public and private administrations is increasing gradually. In recent decades, in the management of disasters and smart cities, fast and accurate extraction of roads, especially in emergencies, is quite important in terms of transportation, logistics planning, and route determination. In this study, automatic road extraction analyses were carried out using the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) data set, belonging to the Yildiz Technical University Davutpasa Campus road route. For this purpose, this paper presents a comparison between performance analysis of rule-based classification and U-Net deep learning method for solving automatic road extraction problems. Objects belonging to the road and road network were obtained with the rule-based classification method with overall accuracy of 95%, and with the deep learning method with an overall accuracy of 86%. On the other hand, the performance metrics including accuracy, recall, precision, and F1 score were utilized to evaluate the performance analysis of the two methods. These values were obtained from confusion matrices for 4 target classes consisting of road and road elements namely road, road line, sidewalk, and bicycle road. Finally, integration of classified image objects with ontology was realized. Ontology was developed by defining four target class results obtained as a result of the rule-based classification method, conceptual class definition and properties, rules, and axioms.
Algoritma Komputasi Machine Learning untuk Aplikasi Prediksi Nilai Total Organic Carbon (TOC)
Authors: Wardhana Sanggeni Gali , Pakpahan Henry Julois , Simarmata Krisdanyolan , Pranowo Waskito , Purba Humbang
Published: February 2022

Total Organic Carbon (TOC) merupakan salah satu parameter penting yang digunakan untuk mengevaluasi kemampuan source rock secara kuantitas. Pada umumnya, data TOC diperoleh melalui core yang kemudian dilakukan proses pirolisis rock-eval pada setiap perconto. Namun, proses tersebut memerlukan waku yang cukup lama dan biaya yang cukup besar sehingga data yang didapatkan jumlahnya terbatas. Hal ini akan berimplikasi terhadap validitas penyebaran nilai TOC pada tahapan eksplorasi batuan induk unkonvensional. Data yang terbatas dapat diprediksi dengan pendekatan pola karakterisitik data itu sendiri. Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk melakukan prediksi nilai TOC dengan menggunakan algoritma machine learning yaitu Artificial Neural Network, K-Nearest Neighbors, Support Vector Regression, Decision Tree, dan Random Forest dengan memanfaatkan data sumur “A” untuk membangun model dari setiap algoritma machine learning dan data sumur “B” untuk mengevaluasi model yang telah dibangun berdasarkan data sumur “A”. Pengolahan data untuk memprediksi nilai TOC dimulai dari mempersiapkan data pada sumur “A” berdasarkan korelasi yang tinggi pada prediktor dan data output yang akan diprediksi. Selanjutnya dilakukan pembagian atau splitting datasets dengan presentase 60% data digunakan untuk melakukan training dan 40% data sebagai test datasets. Setelah itu, train datasets dapat digunakan untuk membangun model algoritma machine learning. Kemudian dilakukan hyperparameter tuning dan cross validation sehingga dapat dihasilkan model algoritma machine learning dengan hyperparameter tertentu dengan hasil prediksi yang konsisten. Model terbaik diperoleh berdasarkan hasil cross validation dengan menggunakan prediktor dari test datasets hasil splitting sumur “A” dan test datasets dari sumur baru “B”. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa hasil prediksi TOC terbaik pada data sumur “A” diperoleh dengan menggunaan algoritma Random Forest dan pada sumur “B” menggunakan algoritma K-Nearest Neighbors.