bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Decompressive craniectomy in symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage after ischemic stroke: a multicenter retrospective cohort study
Authors: Pressman Elliot , Gersey Zachary C. , Jonzzon Soren B. , Weinberg Joshua H. , Fogg David N. , Flaherty Emily G. , Gross Bradley A. , Chitale Rohan V. , Fusco Matthew R. , Froehler Michael T. , Vignolles-Jeong Joshua , Nimjee Shahid M. , Hanel Ricardo A. , Cortez Gustavo M. , Ravi Saisree , Desai Sohum K. , Hassan Ameer E. , Monteiro Andre , Siddiqui Adnan H. , Matsoukas Stavros , Majidi Shahram , Smith Teagen , Vakharia Kunal , Mokin Maxim
Published: July 2024

OBJECTIVE

Symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) after stroke is a devastating neurological complication. Current guidelines support a "possible benefit" of decompressive craniectomy (DC) for large supratentorial sICH with significant mass effect.

METHODS

The authors conducted a retrospective study of 8 comprehensive stroke centers. They included all patients who sustained an sICH after acute ischemic stroke (AIS), as defined by the Safe Implementation of Thrombolysis in Stroke-Monitoring Study (SITS-MOST), from January 2016 to December 2020. They compared patients who underwent DC to those who were treated with standard medical treatment to measure functional outcome at 90 days, primarily as defined by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and secondarily by the Glasgow Outcome Scale–Extended (GOS-E).

RESULTS

Eighty-five patients were identified, 26 of whom (30.5%) underwent DC. Patients who underwent DC were younger (58 years [DC] vs 76 years [no DC], p < 0.001). No patient with a previous history of cancer underwent DC (n = 14, p = 0.004). Twenty-five patients (96.2%) in the DC group underwent thrombectomy versus 54 (91.5%) in the non-DC group (p = 0.443). Patients who underwent DC had a longer ICU stay (median [IQR] 240 [38–408] hours vs 24 [5–96] hours in non-DC patients, p = 0.002). At 90 days, 3 patients (4.1%) had obtained an mRS score of 0–2 and 10 patients (11.7%) an mRS score of 0–3. Patients who had improved functional outcome were younger (mRS score, OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.01–1.10, p = 0.012). Patients with a history of cancer had worse 90-day mRS scores (OR 8.49, 95% CI 1.54–159, p = 0.046). The rate of in-hospital mortality or discharge to hospice was significantly higher in the non-DC cohort (10 [38.5%] patients in the DC cohort vs 38 [64.4%] in the non-DC cohort, p = 0.026). Ninety days later, patients who underwent DC were more likely to have improved outcome (mRS mean rank 30.0 vs 40.0, p = 0.027). In multivariable analysis, history of cancer (OR 12.2, 95% CI 1.26–118, p = 0.031) and older age (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.02–1.13, p = 0.011) increased the odds of worse mRS outcomes while DC did not (OR 1.34, 95% CI 0.357–5.03, p = 0.665).

CONCLUSIONS

DC after sICH did not improve functional outcome at 90 days according to multivariable analysis, although younger age and absence of previous cancer history were associated with improved outcomes.
Preclinical evaluation of transaxial intraputaminal trajectory for enhanced distribution of grafted cells in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Emborg Marina E. , Mancinelli Anthony , Colwell Julia C. , Zinnen Alexandra D. , Pape Bruce , Brunner Kevin , Bondarenko Viktoriya , Fitz Casey , Coonen Jennifer , Menna Viktorie , Fuchs Kerri , Schultz-Darken Nancy , Simmons Heather A. , Tran Ha , Larson Paul , Olsen Miles , Hurley Sam , Bratt-Leal Andres M. , Wirth Edward , Metzger Jeanette M.
Published: July 2024

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate the feasibility and safety of a novel transaxial surgical approach for the delivery of human induced pluripotent stem cell–derived dopaminergic neuroprogenitor cells (DANPCs) into the putamen nucleus using nonhuman primates and surgical techniques and tools relevant to human clinical translation.

METHODS

Nine immunosuppressed, unlesioned adult cynomolgus macaques (4 females, 5 males) received intraputaminal injections of vehicle or DANPCs (0.9 × 105 to 1.1 × 105 cells/µL) under real-time intraoperative MRI guidance. The infusates were combined with 1-mM gadoteridol (for intraoperative MRI visualization) and delivered via two tracks per hemisphere (ventral and dorsal) using a transaxial approach. The total volumes of infusion were 25 µL and 50 µL for the right and left putamen, respectively (infusion rate 2.5 µL/min). Animals were evaluated with a battery of clinical and behavioral outcome measures and euthanized 7 or 30 days postsurgery; full necropsies were performed by a board-certified veterinary pathologist. Brain tissues were collected and processed for immunohistochemistry, including against the human-specific marker STEM121.

RESULTS

The optimized surgical technique and tools produced successful targeting of the putamen via the transaxial approach. Intraoperative MR images confirmed on-target intraputaminal injections in all animals. All animals survived to scheduled termination without clinical evidence of neurological deficits. The first 4 animals to undergo surgery had mild brain swelling noted at the end of surgery, of which 3 had transient reduced vision; administration of mannitol therapy and reduced intravenous fluid during the surgical procedure addressed these complications. Immunostaining against STEM121 confirmed the presence of grafted cells along the injection track within the targeted putamen area of DANPC-treated animals. All adverse histological findings were limited in scope and consistent with surgical manipulation, injection procedure, and postsurgical inflammatory response to the mechanical disruption caused by the cannula insertion.

CONCLUSIONS

The delivery system, injection procedure, and DANPCs were well tolerated in all animals. Prevention of mild brain swelling by mannitol dosing and reduction of intravenous fluids during surgery allowed visual effects to be avoided. The results of the study established that this novel transaxial approach can be used to correctly and safely target cell injections to the postcommissural putamen and support clinical investigation.
Evaluating academic productivity and match outcomes in neurosurgery residents from medical schools without a neurosurgery residency program: a 2016–2022 bibliometric analysis
Authors: Dyess Garrett A. , Butler Danner W. , Harris Luke , Karne Sridhar , Sabetta Zackary , Bassett Maxon , Rallo Michael S. , Gibson Susan Broom , Suggala Sudhir , Menger Richard P.
Published: July 2024

OBJECTIVE

Transition of the United States Medical Licensing Examination Step 1 to a pass/fail structure has focused attention on medical student research in residency application. Previous studies have explored how various factors affect the neurosurgery match success, but none have focused on applicants from schools without a neurosurgery residency program.

METHODS

The authors compiled a list of neurosurgery residents matched from 2016 to 2022 from schools lacking a neurosurgery program. They gathered demographic and bibliometric data, focusing on academic productivity before residency. The distinction between the top 40 and non–top 40 programs used the 5-year institutional h-index (ih[5]-index) of departments.

RESULTS

Between 2016 and 2022, the gross number of students entering neurosurgery from schools without a home program rose from 15 to 26 in 2021, declining to 23 in 2022. The range of matched applicants per school was 0 to 10. The median number of publications per resident increased from 2 in 2016 to 5 in 2022 (p < 0.001). The lowest and highest numbers of publications by applicants were 0 and 40, respectively, with 22.5% reporting no publications. The lowest and highest h-indices by applicants were 0 and 11, respectively, with nearly one-third (31.2%) possessing an h-index of 0. Applicants from schools lacking a neurosurgery residency program who matched into top 40 programs had a publication range of 0–11, with a higher median of 3 compared with those who did not (median 2, range 0–8). While no significant differences were found in publication numbers (p = 0.084), a difference in h-index was observed (p = 0.024) between the two groups. Publications significantly correlated with the h-index, with each additional publication increasing the h-index by 0.19 (p < 0.001, adjusted R2 = 0.3348).

CONCLUSIONS

Median publication counts have increased in this cohort, but they do not distinguish top 40 program matches. Conversely, the h-index, correlating with publication quantity and journal impact factor, does.
Phytoremediation of iron-contaminated soils using humic acid and hyperaccumulator grasses
Authors: Cahyo Zumatul Atiko Islamya , Wanti Mindari  , Aditya Haidar Fari
Published: July 2024

The Lapindo mud disaster in Porong, Sidoarjo, Indonesia, resulted from mining activities, leading to severe iron (Fe) contamination in the soil. This contamination has adversely impacted agricultural productivity in the affected areas. Phytoremediation, utilizing humic acid as a chelating agent and hyperaccumulator grasses, is a potential solution to mitigate this pollution. This study employed a factorial completely randomized design (CRD) to evaluate this approach with two factors: the application of 600 ppm humic acid and the use of different grasses (vetiver, elephant grass, nutgrass, and gotu kola). Observed parameters included plant dry weight and total iron content in soil and plant tissues. These data were used to determine the bioconcentration factor (BCF), translocation factor (TF), and absorption efficiency (%). The results indicated that humic acid significantly increased plant dry weight and iron uptake in plant tissues. The combination of gotu kola and humic acid showed the highest phytoremediation potential, with a BCF of 0.3121, TF of 1.4871, and an absorption efficiency of 55.7538%. This study highlights the effectiveness of humic acid and hyperaccumulator grasses in phytoremediation of iron-contaminated soils, offering a sustainable approach to improving soil health and agricultural productivity in polluted areas.
Aplikasi Penerjemah Huruf Braille Berbasis Android
Authors: Ramadana NurAzizah , Selao Ahmad
Published: July 2024

Reading braille requires sensitivity of the hand, memorizing every combination of dots that are formed. Getting to know Braille takes a relatively long time. The aim of this research is to understand Braille letters using an Android-based smartphone.The research method used is descriptive quantitative using the Java, Kotlin, Python programming languages, and the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithm with the MobilenetV2 architectural model. The results of testing the CNN algorithm with the MobilenetV2 architecture model have an accuracy value of 0.9183. This shows that the application detection performance is less than optimal.
PENERAPAN MODEL THINK TALK WRITE (TTW) DALAM PEMBELAJARAN TEKS BIOGRAFI KELAS X
Authors: Santoso Nadila Fara Maudita , Siti Ulfiyani  , Agus Tinus
Published: July 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan bagaimana model Think Talk Write (TTW) diterapkan dalam pembelajaran teks biografi di kelas X di SMA Negeri 5 Semarang pada tahun pelajaran 2023/2024. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan teknik triangulasi, dan hasilnya disampaikan secara informal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran Think Talk Write (TTW) dapat digunakan untuk mengajar siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 5 Semarang menulis teks biografi pada tahun ajaran 2023/2024. Menurut hasil observasi dan wawancara, peserta didik dapat mengikuti tahapan model pembelajaran dengan baik dan benar. Pembelajaran juga dapat dilakukan dengan baik. Selain itu, guru menggunakan model pembelajaran Think Talk Write (TTW) untuk mengajar dan menjelaskan materi dengan baik. Hasil dokumentasi nilai peserta didik menyusun teks biografi setelah menggunakan teks biografi menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 26 peserta didik mendapatkan predikat baik sekali, dan 10 peserta didik mendapatkan nilai dengan predikat baik. Tidak ada peserta didik yang memperoleh nilai di bawah KKM.
ОФОРМИТЕЛЬСКАЯ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТЬ В ВОЖАТСКОЙ ПРАКТИКЕ
Authors: ЗУБРИЛИН К.М. , РАЗДОБАРИНА Л.А. , ШИНКАРЕВА Г.А.
Published: July 2024

В учебно-методическом пособии рассмотрена возможность совместной отдыхающих и вожатых оформительской и дизайнерской деятельности в детских учреждениях для оздоровления и отдыха в рамках теоретического и практического изучения дисциплин «Основы вожатской деятельности» и «Производственная летняя педагогическая вожатская практика» по направлениям подготовки 44.03.05 Педагогическое образование, профиль «Изобразительное искусство и дополнительное образование», 44.03.01 Педагогическое образование, профиль «Изобразительное искусство», и других педагогических специальностей. Также пособие может быть использовано для подготовки учащихся колледжей, в том числе и для ознакомления с принципами создания стенгазет по другим предметам. Соответствует требованиям Федерального государственного образовательного стандарта высшего образования.
ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИЙ МЕНЕДЖМЕНТ ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЯ ЭЛЕКТРОННЫХ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫХ РЕСУРСОВ В УСЛОВИЯХ ИНФОРМАЦИОННОЙ СРЕДЫ ВУЗА
Authors: РУДНЕВ И.Ю.
Published: July 2024

Монография представляет собой научно-практическое исследование применения принципов педагогического менеджмента проектирования электронных образовательных ресурсов в условиях цифровизации системы высшего образования на примере художественно-графического факультета Института изящных искусств Московского педагогического государственного университета. Монография будет полезна обучающимся учреждений высшего педагогического образования, учителям, слушателям курсов повышения квалификации и всем педагогическим работникам, кто интересуется поиском путей повышения эффективности и результативности деятельности с помощью инновационных технологий и средств, которые позволят вывести образовательный процесс на новый качественный уровень в условиях проходящей цифровизации системы высшего образования.
CОЦИАЛЬНЫЙ ПОРТРЕТ МОЛОДОГО ПОКОЛЕНИЯ В ИНФОРМАЦИОННОМ ОБЩЕСТВЕ ЗНАНИЙ
Authors: АЛЕКСЕЕНКО И.В. , АНИСИМОВА Т.Г. , БУЛАЕВА М.В. , ЕФАНОВ А.А. , ИВАНОВ С.Ю. , ИВАНОВА Д.В. , КОНОПЛИН Ю.С. , КОРНИЙЧУК М.С. , ЛЕВИКОВА С.И. , ЛОСКУТОВА И.М. , ЛУЦЬКАЯ Е.Е. , МУСАРСКИЙ М.М. , РОМАНОВА Е.С. , РЫБАКОВ В.А. , РЫЧИХИНА Э.Н. , ЮДИНА Е.Н.
Published: July 2024

В предлагаемой монографии представлены результаты количественно-качественного исследования социального портрета молодого поколения. В самом общем виде социальный портрет можно рассматривать как обобщенный образ типичных представителей учащейся молодежи, синтезированный на основе информации об основных характеристиках, присущих этой группе. Авторы опираются на теоретический анализ современных научных источников по проблемам молодежи и обобщение широкого круга собранных эмпирических данных. Издание посвящено 150-летию Московского педагогического государственного университета - одного из старейших вузов России. Монография рекомендуется преподавателям, аспирантам, студентам вузов в качестве учебного пособия, исследователям, занимающимся проблемами социологии молодежи, всем, кто интересуется проблемами развития образования в условиях реформируемой России.
ФИЗИЧЕСКОЕ ВОСПИТАНИЕ ДЕТЕЙ ДОШКОЛЬНОГО ВОЗРАСТА
Authors: ПАРАМОНОВА М.Ю. , СЕМЕНОВА Т.А. , ЧУГАЙНОВА О.Г.
Published: July 2024

В учебно-методическом пособии представлены основные разделы методики физического воспитания детей дошкольного возраста, опирающиеся на классические основы, заложенные П. Ф. Лесгафтом, А. В. Кенеман, Э. Я. Степаненковой и учитывающие новейшие достижения теории и практики дошкольного образования. Пособие адресовано иностранным студентам бакалавриата, обучающимся на Факультете дошкольной педагогики и психологии, а также может быть полезно педагогам дошкольных образовательных организаций и слушателям программ повышения квалификации.
Penggunaan Sistem e-Katalog dalam Pengadaan Pekerjaan Konstruksi Proyek Pemerintah dalam Perspektif Hukum Persaingan Usaha
Authors: Faniyah Iyah , Putra Pratama Bisma , Yendri Nofri
Published: July 2024

Pelaksanaan sistem E-Katalog dalam Pengadaan Pekerjaan Konstruksi Pada Balai Pelaksanaan Jalan Nasional Provinsi Sumatera Barat dengan cara memuat daftar, jenis, spesifikasi teknis dan harga barang/jasa tertentu. Pihak yang Menyampaikan Usulan Usulan pencantuman Barang/Jasa. Penyampaian Usulan Kebutuhan Barang/Jasa Oleh Kementerian/ Lembaga/Institusi. Apabila barang/Jasa sebagaimana dimaksud tidak layak untuk dicantumkan dalam Katalog Elektronik maka LKPP menyampaikan surat penolakan kepada Pimpinan Institusi. Berdasarkan hasil proses pemilihan, LKPP membuat Surat Penetapan Barang/Jasa yang akan dicantumkan dalam Katalog Elektronik dengan ketentuan: LKPP mengkaji dan menilai prosedur pemilihan. Pengaruh Sistem E-Katalog dalam pengadaan pekerjaan konstruksi pada balai pelaksanaan jalan nasional Provinsi Sumatera Barat terhadap persaingan usaha menimbulkan kompetisi yang terjadi antara perusahaan berlangsung tanpa adanya tindakan kriminal.  Persaingan secara sehat ini menjamin untuk mengedepankan etika bisnis. akses pasar berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Prinsip Akuntabel Pengadaan Barang/Jasa Pemerintah. Secara parsial persaingan bisnis tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Prinsip Akuntabel Pengadaan Barang/Jasa Pemerintah pada proses e katalog. Pengaruh Sistem E-Katalog Dalam Pengadaan Pekerjaan Konstruksi Pada Balai Pelaksanaan Jalan Nasional Provinsi Sumatera Barat Terhadap Persaingan Usaha telah sesuai dengan prinsip Persaingan usaha yakni prinsip Persaingan sehat atau healthy competition, dimana Persaingan sehat memiliki ciri-ciri menjamin persaingan di pasar yang berhubungan erat dengan pencapaian efisiensi seperti pengaruh dari sistem E- katalog yang dijalankan.
Investigation of calcite and huntite/hydromagnesite mineral in co-presence regarding flame retardant and mechanical properties of wood composites
Authors: Atay Gül Yilmaz , Loboichenko Valentyna , Wilk-Jakubowski Jacek Łukasz
Published: July 2024

This work examines the characteristics of mineral additives in wood composites that affect the fire retardant properties of the material, and at the same time are environmentally friendly. The paper analyzes the results of measurements for wood composites, which is the natural building material of many houses, as well as elements of their furnishings. Sawdust waste was applied as a matrix. In the paper, a co-presence effect of calcite and huntite/hydromagnesite mineral was investigated. The calcite mineral was used as auxiliary minerals in addition to the huntite/hydromagnesite mineral to obtain a better flame retardant according to the UL94 standard and mechanical properties in the wood composite, such as flexural strength and flexural modulus. The results obtained were measured and evaluated depending on the mineral content of the composites. The results indicated that sample 40S/ 50H/ 10C is the most optimal in terms of the ratio of the modulus of flexibility and fire retardant characteristics. Fire retardant materials can be used in the construction industry, as well as in the electrical engineering applications, such as for acoustic fire extinguishers [e.g. for waveguide construction].
Durability self-compacting mortar under external chemical attacks based on composite binder
Authors: Amar Benguit , Boukhelkhal Aboubakeur , Lakhdar Azzouz
Published: July 2024

The performance of concrete / mortar is specially related to their composition and water to cement ratio. The use of Ordinary Portland cement [OPC] as binder increases the hydration heat and cost of cement and CO2 emissions. So the use of composite binder by reducing the amount of OPC and introducing mineral additions can be a useful solution. In this study, OPC was partially substituted with marble powder [MP] at various percentages (5, 10, 15 and 20%) and the effect of MP on the durability of self compacting mortars [SCM] exposed to chemical aggressions was investigated. Two aggressive solutions were used sodium sulfate [Na2SO4] and hydrochloric acid [HCl]. The dosages of the solutions were 5 and 1%, respectively. The results revealed that the use of marble powder is beneficial for improving the resistance of SCM to aggressive solutions. Adding 20% MP increased the resistance against sodium sulfate attack by 46% at 180 days. Using MP with content ranged between 10 to 20% was found to reduce mass loss by 1 to 0.47%.
Wer löscht morgen? Engagement und Freiwillige Feuerwehr
Authors: Rosenkranz Doris , Görtler Edmund , Buchner Enya
Published: July 2024

Rund 320.000 Aktive leisten in den Feuerwehren Bayerns ehrenamtlich einen Beitrag zur kommunalen Daseinsvorsorge. Die empirische Studie analysiert Einflussfaktoren einer nachhaltigen Sicherung dieses Engagements, das sich absehbar wandelt. Ein multimethodisches Forschungsdesign verbindet standardisierte Befragungen der Aktiven, qualitative Interviews sowie demografische Projektionen in den Regionen. Analytischer Rahmen ist das Konzept des »Strategischen Freiwilligenmanagements«. Als Beitrag zur Engagementforschung werden empirisch fundiert konkrete praxisorientierte Handlungsimpulse für die Zukunft dieser Daseinsvorsorge durch Freiwillige Feuerwehren abgeleitet.
Sistem Informasi Manajemen Surat Menggunakan Qr-Code Di Lingkungan Staff Personel Kodam V/Brawijaya
Authors: Riawan Sembodo Tri Eko Nova , Muchayan Achmad
Published: July 2024

Kodam adalah kepanjangan dari Komando Daerah Militer. yang memiliki tatanan posisi di bawah Mabesad (Markas Besar Angkatan Darat). Kodam V /Brawijaya termasuk kodam yang berada di wilayah Jawa timur dan memiliki  struktur organisasi mulai dari level kepala hingga level staff, salah satunya adalah Staff Personalia. Saat ini sistem surat menyurat yang berjalan di Staff Personalia masih menggunakan sistem surat menyurat secara manual. Pengarsipan surat masuk dan surat keluar masih pakai metode hardcopy yang dibuat oleh pihak petugas sangat sulit, Atas dasar tersebut maka dalam penelitian perlu di buat sebuah sistem informasi tentang surat menyurat dibagian staff Personalia kodam V/ Brawijaya. Dengan menggunakan sistem informasi Manajemen surat berbasis web akan mempermudah proses pencarian arsip surat masuk dan surat keluar dengan akurat, cepat dan efesien. Sistem yang dihasilkan dapat mendokumentasikan surat masuk dan surat keluar hingga memudahkan pengaksesannya pada saat diperlukan.
Un sustento más eficaz para el estudio de la conducta en sí misma
Authors: Burgos José E. ,   Universidad de Guadalajara
Published: July 2024

Conductistas radicales e interconductistas comparten la tesis de que la conducta en sí misma es el objeto de estudio propio de una psicología científica. Esta tesis se ha sustentado sobre un rechazo al dualismo cartesiano y a la causalidad fisiológica. Ambos rechazos, sin embargo, son ineficaces. El primer rechazo no se aplica al dualismo de propiedades, el cual es adoptado actualmente por la mayoría de los filósofos de la mente y permite un sustento no cartesiano de la psicología cognitiva. El segundo rechazo es problemático para la concepción de causalidad adoptada por los propios conductistas radicales e interconductistas. Según esta concepción, una relación causal es una relación funcional cuya variable independiente es la causa y cuya variable dependiente es el efecto. Empero, muchos experimentos en psicofisiología muestran relaciones ordenadas entre variables independientes fisiológicas y variables dependientes conductuales, relaciones que, bajo esa concepción, demuestran una causalidad fisiológica en la conducta. Este artículo presenta una estrategia más eficaz que no requiere rechazar ni al dualismo ni a la causalidad fisiológica. La estrategia consiste en afirmar que lo conductual es ontológicamente independiente de lo mental (concebido como no físico o inmaterial) y de lo fisiológico. Esta afirmación puede elaborarse mediante una teoría de eventos como ejemplificaciones temporarias de propiedades y una semántica de mundos posibles. El resultado es la tesis de que existe al menos un mundo posible donde ocurren eventos conductuales sin evento mental ni fisiológico alguno. Así, el estudio científico de la conducta en sí misma puede ser caracterizado contrafácticamente como el estudio de lo conductual como si Jo mental y lo fisiológico no existieran.
Simple Additive Weighting: Determination of The Local Government Officials Tanggamus Region
Authors: Abadi Satria , Gumanti Miswan
Published: July 2024

This study aims to determine regional officials in the Tanggamus region using a decision support system based on the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method. In the government official environment, determining regional officials is crucial as they are government employees who hold important positions at both regional and provincial levels. The issue of determining regional officials in the Tanggamus area is significant due to various problems such as the behavior of officials, absenteeism, lack of socialization in society, and more. This study employs the SAW method, which involves variables like educational level, behavior of officials, and rank. This system is designed to aid in decision-making for selecting responsible regional officials who are accountable for their duties. The findings indicate that the SAW method is effective in evaluating alternatives based on predefined criteria. Officials appointed in an area must possess honesty in performing their duties and comply with established regulations. This system allows for a more transparent and accurate process in determining regional officials. The results of this study are expected to provide a decision support information system for regional officials in the Tanggamus region, ensuring that selected officials have the necessary qualifications and integrity to fulfill their roles.
A qualitative approach for determination of thermal conductivity in semiconductor nanocrystals
Authors: Goyal Monika
Published: July 2024

The author has formulated a qualitative method to determine the effective thermal conductivity variation in nanomaterials with respect to their dimension and size. The model includes the impact of shape, size, dimension and increased phonon scattering in nanomaterial due to the thermal resistance. In the present work, Guisbier�s top-down approach is used to obtain the thermal conductivity expression in terms of size and shape factor. The effective thermal conductivity of the nanomaterial is deduced using the effective medium approach that help to find the thermal conductivity in nanomaterial based on Kapitza thermal resistance effect. The model approach predicts the increment in the thermal conductivity of nanomaterial with size increment. The Kapitza thermal resistance in nanosolids results in increase in Phonon scattering in nanosolids with size reduction to nanoregime. The effective thermal conductivity is determined in AlN, GaN, GaAs, InAs and ZnO semiconducting compounds with respect to size in spherical and tetrahedral nanoparticles; cylindrical and parallelopiped nanowires and nanofilms. The model results obtained are compared with available experimental and simulated data. Good consistency between the compared results is observed in graphical representations. The model shows a drastic drop in effective thermal conductivity in nanosolids with their size reduction that increases the figure of merit in nanomaterials for using them in thermoelectric devices.
The impact of tip age distribution on reconstructing trait evolution using phylogenetic comparative methods
Authors: Gearty William , Allen Bethany , Godoy Pedro , Chiarenza Alfio
Published: July 2024

Collecting data for use in constructing phylogenies is a valuable but time- and resource-consuming pursuit. As a result, indicators of the potential value of including certain species in a phylogeny a priori could prove useful when planning this stage of research. Here, we used a simulation approach to investigate whether there are trends in the ability for phylogenetic comparative methods to recover the correct model of trait evolution based on certain characteristics of the phylogeny. First, we used multiple diversification rates to simulate phylogenies containing varying proportions of fossil and extant tips. We then simulated the evolution of a single trait across each phylogeny using multiple continuous trait evolution models. We then compared the fit of the correct and incorrect models to the simulated traits. This quantitative evaluation allows us to discern whether there are certain tip characteristics associated with identifying the correct trait evolution models. Our results indicate that the inclusion of fossils can be highly beneficial to reconstructing certain trait histories (e.g., Ornstein-Uhlenbeck and ACDC) but not to others (e.g., Brownian motion). In fact, in many cases, increasing the proportion of fossils in a phylogenetic dataset is far more beneficial, and perhaps more time- and resource-efficient, than increasing the number of extant taxa in the dataset. Our results corroborate previous findings that the inclusion of fossil tips can vastly improve the reconstruction of trait histories, but also show that this effect is often stronger for older fossils.
A review of professional ecological societies’ values, missions, and ethics
Authors: Ortiz Andrea Monica , Kariuki Rebecca , Santos Domínguez Nicolás , Arnillas Carlos Alberto , Regan Helen
Published: July 2024

The rapid decline in Earth’s biodiversity poses significant threats to nature and human well-being. Human activities such as land use change, pollution, climate change, invasive species, and overexploitation drive this crisis, endangering millions of species and affecting critical habitats and ecosystems. This study investigates the role of professional ecological societies in addressing the ecological crises. Professional ecological societies have members that are experts in ecological, environmental, and conservation sciences. They engage in activities such as publishing research in their journals, organizing events, and promoting ecological education and outreach. Because of their leadership in ecology, we argue that these societies have a potentially important role to play in addressing the biodiversity crisis. To understand how societies see themselves in these roles and responsibilities, we reviewed the mission, vision, and codes of ethics of various ecological societies. Our analysis included a diverse selection of 73 societies from North America, Central and Latin America, Europe, Asia, Oceania, and Africa. We categorized societies by their geographical scope—local, national, or international—and used content analysis to identify their values and principles. Despite focusing on advancing ecological sciences and promoting conservation, many societies did not explicitly state their values or provide guidelines for achieving their missions. The study highlights the importance of clearly defined values and responsibilities in enhancing the impact of ecological societies by orienting their members’ actions. The findings also call for an urgent reflection on the missions and values of ecological societies to better align them with the dire global environmental crises that we are facing.
The Side Effects of Electromagnetic Waves on Human Health: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Awrang Sayed Mohaiuddin , Sayed Ahmadshah Obaidi  , Suhilla Sami
Published: July 2024

Since electromagnetic waves (EMW) have been used in various cases to treat different diseases, they can also protect stress proteins. This usage can prevent heart attacks, strengthen heart rate, reduce DNA damage, improve brain function, and prevent the growth of cancer cells. Additionally, it can cure mental disorders and strengthen the immune system when the dosage is controlled correctly. However, the radiation of electromagnetic waves (REW) can cause severe damage to both wildlife and the environment. In this research, the effects of electromagnetic waves, particularly the impact of radio waves caused by wireless telecommunications, have been studied. Electromagnetic waves pollute the environment and cause severe damage to wildlife and the ecosystem. Antennas installed between residential houses continuously emit waves that negatively affect the environment and human health in the long run. Consequently, environmental pollution caused by radio frequencies and microwaves reduces the quality of life and poses a risk to plants within 100 meters of the source.
Impact of Customized Reading Remediation and Intervention in Reading Fluency of High School Students
Authors: Rafanan Jasper Anthony , Jennelyn L. Raymundo
Published: July 2024

Fluency is one of the most essential micro skills in reading. Reading combines comprehension, accuracy, and speed. This offers a chance to broaden one's skill set and gain competence in the demanding world, especially considering the range of employment accessible in the country that mostly requires reading comprehension. The purpose of this study was to assess the learners' reading fluency in terms of comprehension and speed as well as any differences in reading fluency between the pre- and post-implementation periods of reading remediation and intervention. All junior high school students enrolled for the 2023–2024 academic year make up the target group for this study. The Philippine Informal Reading Inventory (Phil-IRI), an evaluation tool with features like comprehension score, speed reading rate, and leveled passages, was used by the researcher. The study's findings showed that students' reading comprehension was rated as frustrating, and their reading speed level fell into this category. As a result, learners' reading fluency was primarily evaluated in terms of irritation. Pre-test results showed a mean rating of 2.86, while post-test results showed a mean of 2.98 with a p-value of 0.00, indicating a higher level of reading fluency than before the reading project was implemented. Since reading programs were implemented in schools, students have made some progress and shown promising results. However, it is advised that educational institutions think about reexamining the implemented programs to improve the alarming status of the learners in terms of their reading skills.
Assessment of Spatiotemporal Trends in Rainfall and Rainfall Extremes in the Hyderabad City, India
Authors: Hari Durgasrilakshmi ,   Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad, Kasa Ramamohan Reddy ,   Vardaman College of Engineering, Hyderabad, India.  Email: harisrilakshmi@gmail.com,   C.V.R College of Engineering, Hyderabad, India.  Email: kasarammohan@gmail.com
Published: July 2024

Rainfall is a crucial climate variable, shows irregular spatial and temporal variations. Significant spatial variability and persistent changes in land use intensify the complexity of urban weather systems. Therefore, climatological rainfall variables deserve attention from both a scientific and technological perspective. The rapid urban expansion of Hyderabad city, coupled with extreme weather variations, has led to increased environmental vulnerability. The present study aims to assess the spatiotemporal trends of annual rainfall and rainfall extremes in Hyderabad city from 1990 to 2020. This study employed the RClimDex model and daily gridded rainfall data to analyze annual rainfall and rainfall extreme indices, focusing on Consecutive Dry Days (CDD), Consecutive Wet Days (CWD), Total Precipitation (PRCPTOT), Rainfall Events Exceeding 10 mm (R10MM), 20 mm (R20MM), Total Precipitation from Very Wet Days (R95PTOT), Maximum 1-Day Precipitation (RX1DAY), and Maximum 5-Day Precipitation (RX5DAY). The trends in annual rainfall and rainfall extremes were assessed using the Mann-Kendall (MK) test, and spatial distribution variations for the identified trends were evaluated with the Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) interpolation technique. The results of the study showed that no significant annual rainfall trends from 1990 to 2020, indicating natural variability rather than consistent long-term changes. However, extreme Consecutive Dry Days and Maximum Wet Spell trends show increasing trends. The PRCPTOT pattern remains almost stable, and R10MM rainfall events exhibit an increasing trend at a few locations, suggesting potential shifts in precipitation patterns. Conversely, a decreasing trend for rainfall extremes R20MM, R95PTOT, RX1DAY, and RX5DAY indicate a general reduction in extreme rainfall events and very wet days in GHMC suggesting localized reductions in extreme events and varied impacts of prolonged rainfall reductions at annual scale. The study reveals Hyderabad's high spatial variability in annual rainfall distribution and rainfall extremes, emphasizing the importance of analyzing high resolution gridded rainfall data for effective decision-making and efficient water resource management.
Screening for Antibiotic-Producing Fungi from Soil in Caleb University, Imota, Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Oda Onoja , Mohammed Aisha , Chigozie Agina Barthlomew , Amah Elekwa Elizabeth , Igwe Ejikeme Peter , Wassagwa John
Published: July 2024

Antibiotics are chemical substances of biological, synthetic, or semi-synthetic origin, playing important roles in culture techniques, molecular biology, biochemistry, microbiology, genetics and pharmacology. Natural antibiotics are produced by certain microorganisms that can inhibit or suppress the growth of other microorganisms. Antibiotics are the most important microbial secondary metabolites and as a result, antibiotics are the most commercially exploited microbial secondary metabolites with obvious relevance to modern medicine and biotechnology. Since the discovery of antibiotics, over-dependence on antibiotics has led to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms. Hence, there is an increasing demand for antibiotic-producing fungi from soil. Soil samples were sourced from seven (7) different sites and the collected soil samples were labeled J, C, DS, L, AB, G, F, LG and SIG. Isolation and screening of isolate were performed using standard procedures. This study reveals that Samples from the Laboratory garden and the school's inner garden had colonies that were too numerous to count while samples from the laboratory garden had the lowest number of colonies. Results from growth on plates show that fungi were abundantly distributed in both clay and loam soils. A total of 7 fungal isolates were selected. Antimicrobial activities against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were confirmed. In conclusion, it was deduced from this study, that Penicillium and Aspergillus species were isolated from soils sourced from Caleb University However, penicillium had no inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.
Penyuluhan Tentang Pengelolaan Sampah dan Saluran Pembuangan Air Limbah (SPAL) di Dusun Pajak Desa Teluk
Authors: Siregar Dian Maya Sari , Perkasa Audri Anta
Published: July 2024

Dusun Pajak Kecamatan Secanggang Kabupaten Langkat terdiri dari 308 warga dan 75 KK. Seluruh masyarakat di Dusun Pajak mengolah sampah dengan cara dibakar. Masyarakat tidak megetahui jika perilaku membakar sampah sembarangan dapat berdampak negatif bagi kesehatan masyarakat. Selain itu, diketahui bahwa pembuangan air limbah rumah tangga seluruhnya tanpa saluran pembuangan air limbah (100% dibuang ke got). Keadaan air got tergenang karena lahan sempit dan tidak ada penampungan khusus untuk air limbah rumah tangga serta seluruh masyarakat tidak mengetahui tentang pengelolaan air limbah. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah sebagai aplikasi dari ilmu pengetahuan di bidang Kesehatan Lingkungan, pencegahan penyakit berbasis lingkungan, dan aplikasi dari ilmu Promosi Kesehatan. Sasaran pengabdian ini adalah seluruh masyarakat, khususnya kepala keluarga dan ibu rumah tangga di Dusun Pajak. Metode kegiatan berupa penyuluhan. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer, sekunder dan tersier dengan analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Kegiatan ini berjalan dengan lancar, dimulai dari tahap analisis masalah, penentuan prioritas masalah dan intervensi. Kegiatan dilakukan pada hari Minggu tanggal 15 Maret 2020 mulai pukul 14.00 WIB s.d. selesai dan dihadiri sebanyak 15 orang. Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil adalah secara umum masyarakat di Dusun Pajak merasa bahwa penyuluhan yang diberikan sangat bermanfaat, mereka sangat antusias mengikuti kegiatan. Disarankan kepada Kepala Dusun Pajak agar senantiasa memotivasi warganya untuk melakukan pengelolaan sampah dan SPAL sesuai standar kesehatan.
Gizi Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Anak di Raudhatul Athfal Kota Binjai
Authors: Effendi Yulida , Damanik Syahroni
Published: July 2024

Pertumbuhan merupakan komponen penting dalam menilai status gizi dan dapat digunakan sebagai indikator dari kesehatan/kesejahteraan individu maupun populasinya. Gangguan pertumbuhan masih menjadi masalah kesehatan di Indonesia. Kekurangan gizi terjadi pada saat tubuh tidak memperoleh jumlah energi, protein, karbohidrat, lemak, vitamin dan mineral serta zat gizi lainnya dalam jumlah cukup yang diperlukan untuk mempertahankan organ dan jaringannya tetap sehat serta berfungsi dengan baik.Bertambah berat badan merupakan tanda yang menunjukkan bahwa seorang anak dan tumbuh serta berkembang dengan baik.. Pada kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini, metode penyuluhan yang digunakan dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan. Analisa data yang digunakan adalah menggunakan analisa SWOT (Strenghts, Weakness, opportunities dan Threats). Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat adalah. Metode pendidikan/penyuluhan dengan ceramah, tanya jawab dan game. Penyuluhan ini menggunakan media leaflet dan poster stand/banner yang menarik seputar pentingnya makanan bergizi untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak. Hasil pengabdian masyarakat menunjukkan antusias anak pra sekolah dalam melakukan prakik hidup bersih dan sehat. Kesimpulan pengabdian masyarakat ini,orang tua siswa sebelum dilakukan penyuluhan belum mengetahui secara detail manfaat gizi bagi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak, setelah dilakukan penyuluhan, anak pra sekolah menjadi mengerti pentingnya gizi dan sumber makanan untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak.
Penyuluhan Tentang Pentingnya Imunisasi MR (Measles Rubella) di Klinik Ummu Humairah Br Sitepu Tanjung Pura
Authors: Pratiwi Debby , Marlina Marlina , Rantika Mela
Published: July 2024

Penyakit Measles dan Rubella merupakan penyakit infeksi menular melalui saluran nafas yang disebabkan oleh virus  Rubella. Batuk dan bersin dapat menjadi jalur masuknya virus rubella. Rubella merupakan penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh virus genus Morbillivirus. Gejala Rubella muncul sekitar 10 hari setelah infeksi, dan ruam coklat kemerahan muncul sekitar 14 hari setelah infeksi. WHO (World Health Organization) memiliki 6 daerah intervensi, yaitu: Africa (AFR) Eastern Mediterranean (EMR) Europe (EUR)  SEAR (South East Asia ) WPR(Western Pacific) yang memilki  diangka kejadian MR yang berbeda-beda dan dibagi berdasarkan pada rate campak 5 kasus per 1.000.000 penduduk disetiap daerah intervensinya. SEAR merupakan daerah intervensi WHO yang menduduki posisi ke-3 terbesar sebelum WPR (6 per 1.000.000 penduduk) AFR (4 per 1.000.000 penduduk Indonesia menjadi salah satu dari 11 negara anggota SEAR yang menduduki posisi ke-3 tertinggi dengan rate kejadian campak anatara 10 sampai 50 kasus atau dengan presentase insiden campak sebesar 18% sebelum Bangladesh dengan rate antara10-50 kasus dan India dengan rate sebesar 10-50 kasus. Data Profil Kesehatan Sumatera Utara cakupan imunisasi dasar lengkap di Sumatera Utara tahun 2018 dapat dilihat tiga terbesar kabupaten/kota dengan cakupan imunisasi lanjutan Campak/MR2 secara berturut-turut adalah Labuhanbatu Selatan (94,09%), Tanjung Balai (91,57%) dan Nias (89,02%). Sedangkan kabupaten/kota dengan cakupan tiga terendah adalah Karo (4,68%), Asahan (7,15%) dan Nias Utara (8,54%. Berdasarkan latar belakang diatas,maka penulis tertarik untuk melakukan pengabdian Masyarakat dengan  judul “Penyuluhan Tentang Pentingnya Imunisasi Mr Pada Anak Tahun Di Klinik Ummu Humairah Br. Sitepu Tanjung Pura Kab. Langkat.
Pendidikan Kesehatan Mengenai Pentingnya Konsumsi Tablet Tambah Darah Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Anemia pada Remaja
Authors: Suwardi Suyanti , Damanik Syahroni
Published: July 2024

Remaja putri merupakan kelompok yang rentan mengalami anemia defisiensi zat besi. Ketidakpatuhan remaja putri mengkonsumsi Tablet Tambah Darah menjadi penghambat pencapaian program pemerintah mengenai pemberian Tablet Tambah Darah. Remaja perempuan berisiko lebih tinggi mengalami anemia dibandingkan remaja laki – laki karena perempuan mengalami menstruasi setiap bulan yang menyebabkan kehilangan zat besi sekitar 1,4 mg per hari selama menstruasi. Berdasarkan hal ini, wanita sangat berisiko terkena defisiensi besi dan ADB (Anemia Defisiensi Besi). ADB dapat  menimbulkan intelligence quotient (IQ) rendah, penurunann kemampuan belajar dan penurunan angka pertumbuhan pada anak. Pemerintah mengharapkan melalui program pemberian Tablet Tambah Darah  pada remaja putri dapat menekan angka remaja putri yang mengalami anemia. Faktor utama unuk dapat terlaksananya program tersebut, yaitu kepatuhan remaja putri mengkonsumsi Tablet Tambah Darah. Kepatuhan dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan dan pengetahuan dapat merubah sikap dan prilaku seseorang. Masih banyak remaja putri yang tidak patuh mengkonsumsi Tablet Tambah Darah karena beberapa faktor salah satunya adalah pengetahuan. Tujuan dari pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk memberikan informasi secara umum tentang anemia pada remaja putri serta pentingnya mengkonsumsi Tablet Tambah Darah guna pencegahan dari anemia pada remaja.  Metode dalam pengabdian ini menggunakan metode ceramah, diskusi dan tanya jawab. Hasil kegiatan mendapatkan sambutan yang hangat dan dukungan yang sangat baik dari para peserta terlihat dari semangat mendengarkan dan mengikuti kegiatan hingga akhir acara. Diharapkan kepada peserta dapat mengkonsumsi Tablet Tambah Darah yang diberikan secara berkelanjutan untuk mencegah terjadinya anemia.
Edukasi Menggosok Gigi yang Baik dan Benar pada Anak Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Syafitri Endriyani , Mardha Muthia Sari , Panjaitan Ivansri Marsaulina
Published: July 2024

Rongga mulut yang sehat memungkinkan seseorang untuk berkomunikasi secara efektif, menikmati berbagai jenis makanan, meningkatkan kualitas hidup , percaya diri dan mempunyai kehidupan sosial yang lebih baik. Sebaliknya, rongga mulut yang tidak sehat dapat berpengaruh pada kehidupan sosial seseorang, keterbatasan fungsi pengunyahan, keterbatasan fungsi bicara, rasa sakit dan terganggunya waktu bekerja atau sekolah. Usia sekolah merupakan usia penting dalam  pertumbuhan  dan perkembangan fisik anak. Periode ini juga disebut sebagai periode kritis karena pada masa ini mulai mengembangkan kebiasaan yang biasanya cenderung menetap sampai dewasa. Salah satunya adalah kebiasaan menjaga kebersihan gigi dan mulut. Menyikat gigi merupakan upaya paling mudah menjaga kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Usia anak sekolah dasar memiliki kerentanan timbulnya masalah pada gigi dan mulut. Faktor risiko yang masih mendorong tingginya prevalensi kasus gigi berlubang (karies) pada anak antara lain adalah teknik menggosok gigi yang salah.  Tujuan dari pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah meningkatkan  pengetahuan  dan  ketrampilan murid SD Harapan Bangsa tentang cara  menggosok  gigi  dengan  benar. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian ini yaitu dengan penyuluhan dan demonstrasi cara menggosok gigi yang baik dan benar. Berdasarkan hasil pelaksanaan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang telah dilakukan didapat hasil yang cukup memuaskan, peserta dapat mengikuti gerakan-gerakan yang di instruksikan sehingga dapat di praktekkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Dengan adanya kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini, diharapkan dapat mencegah terjadinya karies gigi pada anak sekolah dan agar hygiene mulut anak tetap terjaga dengan baik.