bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Creativity Opportunities: When Non-science Helps o Answer Scientific Questions
Authors: Sokolova Olesya I. ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: March 2023

In this reply to the article by A.M. Dorozhkin and S.V. Shibarshina, the question of the creative nature of the randomization technique is considered, which is understood as a rejection of logically obvious ways to solve scientific problems, and involves the inclusion of an element of randomness, or uncertainty, in the scientific search procedure. Some doubt is expressed about the consequences of introducing the technique of epistemological randomization into the tactics of solving scientific problems. The author of the article emphasizes the fact that an attempt to solve scientific problems by an inclusion of other, non-scientific elements in the area of science may be a case of randomization. The author determines the areas which are subject to an uncertainty factor. Art and culture are regarded as such non-science areas. However, the appeal to uncertainty is an indication of a fundamental inability to describe in quantitative terms the origin of creativity. This position can be characterized as “misterianism” in the interpretation of creativity, by analogy with misterianism in the understanding of consciousness by K. McGinn. In this case, the randomization technique is nothing more than one of the possible conditions for creativity, which cannot guarantee the appearance of an original result.
(Counter)factual Want Ascriptions and Conditional Belief
Authors: Grano Thomas , Phillips-Brown Milo ,   Journal of Philosophy Inc.
Published: March 2023

What are the truth conditions of want ascriptions? According to an influential approach, they are intimately connected to the agent’s beliefs: ⌜S wants p⌝ is true iff, within S’s belief set, S prefers the p worlds to the not-p worlds. This approach faces a well-known problem, however: it makes the wrong predictions for what we call (counter)factual want ascriptions, wherein the agent either believes p or believes not-p—for example, ‘I want it to rain tomorrow and that is exactly what is going to happen’ or ‘I want this weekend to last forever, but of course it will end in a few hours’. We solve this problem. The truth conditions for want ascriptions are, we propose, connected to the agent’s conditional beliefs. We substantiate this connection by pursuing a striking parallel between (counter)factual and non-(counter)factual want ascriptions on the one hand and counterfactual and indicative conditionals on the other.
İslami Finans Yöntemleri
Authors: Bükey Mehmet , Türkkan Yavuz
Published: March 2023

Bu çalışmada, İslami ilkelere göre işletilen İslami finans yöntemleri tanıtılacaktır. Bilindiği gibi İslami finans yöntemleri, geleneksel finans yöntemlerinden farklı olarak finansal bir faaliyet değil ticari bir yöntemdir. İslami finansta finansman, geleneksel finansın faiz prensibine değil kâr payı esasına dayanmaktadır. İslami finans yöntemleri, finansman ihtiyacını gidermek isteyen İslami girişimcilerin ihtiyaçlarını karşılamak için farklı finansman tekniklerini içermektedir. Bu tekniklerin içerisinde para, sermaye olarak ya da gelir getirici bir araç olarak görülmemektedir. Para, ticari faaliyetlerin değerlenmesinde, üretkenlikte ve toplumsal refahın artmasında bir mübadele aracı ve bir ölçü birimi olarak kabul edilmektedir. İslami finans yöntemlerinde finansman, yatırım, mal, hizmet veya duran varlık alımı için sağlanmaktadır. Finansal işlemler hiçbir şekilde karşılıklı parasal işlemlere dayanmamaktadır. Parasal işlemler, mal ya da hizmet karşılığı yapılmakta ve faiz içermemektedir. Yapılan bütün işlemler aynı zamanda hiçbir belirsizliği barındırmamaktadır. Çalışmada İslami finans yöntemleri, dört temel yöntem başlığı altında ele alınmıştır. Bu temel yöntemler ise Destek Yöntemleri, Ticaret Yöntemleri, Ortaklık Yöntemleri ve Diğer Finansman Yöntemleri şeklindedir.
Para Piyasası Aracı Olarak Müşareke Finansmanı ve Dünya Uygulamaları
Authors: Çoban Uğur , Türkkan Yavuz
Published: March 2023

Katılım bankalarında yaygın olarak sunulan ve borçlandırma temelli bir araç olan murabaha gibi uygulamaların aksine gerçek ekonomik faaliyetleri etkileme potansiyeli bulunan müşareke finansmanı dünya genelinde ve Türkiye’de düşük düzeylerde uygulanmaktadır. Bu aracın yaygınlaştırılması halihazırda para piyasasında İslami finansman sağlayan katılım bankalarına bağlı görünmektedir. Müşarekenin düşük düzeylerde uygulanmasının nedenleri ortaya koyacak çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulmakla birlikte fıkhi eleştirilere konu olan mevcut ve yaygın İslami finansman araçlarının yerine müşarekeyi yaygınlaştıracak uygulamalar geliştirmek gerçek ekonomik değer üretme potansiyeline sahiptir.
The Lasting Problem of Blood Feud
Authors: MILE Klementin
Published: March 2023

Blood feud is one of the most prominent elements of customary law that has been practiced in Albania for centuries. It was an adequate tool of restoring justice while there was no independent Albanian state, but today it is a problematic extra-legal practice that negatively affects the socio-economic life of those involved in it. On the other hand, its existence undermines the very functioning of Albanian state institutions, public security and state legitimacy. Referring to systems theory, the phenomenon of blood feud may be analysed in three dimensions along which it presents itself as a problem to Albanian society: definition, control, and consensus. Since this article aims to answer why blood feud has lasted for centuries in the Albanian soil, we shall focus only on the definition and consensus problems. How can blood feud be adequately defined, so that no ambiguities and abuses result from it? How can one build consensus against blood feud as a social practice? We argue that blood feud should be defined as a legal sanction, which is also the way it is understood by those who practice it. Furthermore, it is crucial to achieve consensus against this phenomenon, especially in those areas most affected by it. We argue that efforts must concentrate on strategies and mechanisms of trust building.
Towards an Open Science Definition as a Political and Legal Framework: Sharing and Dissemination af Research Outputs
Authors: GOMEZ-DIAZ Teresa , RECIO Tomas
Published: March 2023

Our proposal of an Open Science definition as a political and legal framework where research outputs are shared and disseminated in order to be rendered visible, accessible, reusable is developed, standing over the concepts enhanced by the Budapest Open Science Initiative (BOAI), and by the Free/Open Source Software (FOSS) and Open data movements. We elaborate this proposal through a detailed analysis of some selected EC policies and laws as well as of the function of research evaluation practices. The legal aspects considered in our examination include, in particular, the study of the role of licences in the context of the dissemination of research outputs.
Penyuluhan Pemanfaaatan Sosial Media Instagram Membentuk Branding Usaha Mikro Kecil (UMK)
Authors: Kusumadinata Ali Alamsyah , Adiba Salsabila  , Ayu Widya Ningsih  , Edgar Friyadi  , Fenza Fadli Rachman  , Moh. Syifaatul Karim  , Muhammad Alfiansyah  , Raden Fajriyani Ratna Puspita  , Ryan Rustandi  , Tb. Reihan Malik  , Wiji Nasrudin
Published: March 2023

Lahirnya usaha mikro kecil baru di masyarakat Desa Banjarsari, Kecamatan Ciawi tidak terlepas dari usaha masyarakat keluar dari jebakan pandemik covid 19. Media sosial yang banyak penggunanya,salah satunya instagram, bisa digunakan untuk memperkenalkan dan memasarkan usaha dan produknya. Namum banyak penduduk belum familiar dengan instagram,, sehingga diperlukan pelatihan penggunaan aplikasi. Metode kegiatan dilakukan dengan mendengar ceramah, melakukan simulasi penggunaan Instagram, dan tanya jawab dengan peserta serta melakukan pemberian angket kepada peserta berjumal 20 orang. Dengan angket yang sama dipertanyakan kembali kepada peserta setelah acara selesai. Hasil angket berupa data sebelum dan setelah diolah dalam bentuk persentase selisih antara sebelum dan setelah dilanjutkan dengan uji beda (t-tes) di SPSS 21. Hipotesis yang diajukan terdapat perbedaan sebelum dan sesudah kegiatan. Hasil uji korelasi didapatkan nilai p value < 0,05 (95 % kepercayaan) p value yang dihasilkan p: 0,000, dengan -t hitung< -t tabel (-23,037<-2,101) dengan keputusan ditolak, artinya terdapat perbedaan antara sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan dilakukan. Fitur yang disukai dan dipakai adalah fitur unggah foto dan fitur swipe up dengan penggunaan fitur ini UMK dapat memperkenalkan produk yang dihasilkan dan melihat produk yang sama. Hasil pertanyaan angket yang ditanyakan terdapat nilai selisih dari ketertarikan 5%, pengetahuan 1%, keinginan mencoba 5%, keinginan meniru 8%, penggunaan 11%, pemanfaatan 9% sehingga rerata yang dihasilkan 7%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan Instagram sangat dinamis dan memiliki fitur yang terus terbarukan sehingga memungkinkan pengguna lebih atraktif dalam penggunaannya.  Kelamahan kegiatan ini adalah kurangnya penyuluhan yang kreatif menciptakan konten baru melalui aplikasi serta meningkatkan peran aktif masyarakat
Edukasi Pengolahan Produk dari Limbah Berbasis Industri Kreatif di Desa Bangoan Tulungagung
Authors: Pangki Suseno
Published: March 2023

Limbah merupakan suatu bahan yang tidak ternilai yang dihasilkan dari buangan sumber aktivitas manusia dan alam yang masih belum memiliki nilai ekonomi yang diangap sebagai hal yang kotor dan bau. Desa Bangoan, secara demografi dengan jumlah penduduk 6.269 jiwa dan sebagian besar pekerjaan adalah petani yang memanfaatkan lahan untuk pertanian tebu dengan luas 158 Ha. Dengan jumlah penduduk dan luas area yang digunakan sebagai pertanian, maka aktivitas rumah tangga dan pertanian yang dilakukan ini pasti akan menimbulkan sisa produk yang akan menjadi limbah. Jumlah limbah yang terbuang ini diperkirakan rata rata 1,2 kg per orang per hari. Salah satu manipulasi pemanfaatan limbah adalah dengan memanfaatkan limbah sedemikian rupa sehingga memiliki nilai ekonomi dan berdaya guna. Sehingga untuk meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat terhadap bahaya limbah dan pengetahuan terhadap pengolahan limbah untuk memanfaatkan limbah yang ada maka dalam program pengabdian ini dilakukan seminar tentang pengenalan bahaya limbah dan produk  dari limbah berbasis industri kreatif. Sebelum dilakukan kegiatan seminar dilakukan observasi dan wawancara. Setelah seminar dilakukan wawancara untuk mengetahui pemahaman dari seminar yang disampaikan. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah belum semua peserta paham tentang bahaya limbah dan belum bisa melakukan pengolahan limbah menjadi suatu produk
Peningkatan Pemahaman PLTS dan Lacuda Pada Masyarakat Pesisir di Nusa Tenggara Timur
Authors: I Made Aditya Nugraha  , Febi Luthfiani
Published: March 2023

Perkembangan teknologi dalam dunia kelautan dan perikanan merupakan suatu hal yang sangat berguna bagi para nelayan. Teknologi ini dapat dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan energi matahari menjadi energi listrik dengan menggunakan PLTS dan mengkombinasikannya dengan Lacuda. Kegiatan ini sejalan dengan kebijakan Blue Economy oleh pemerintah. Namun, kurangnya pemahaman akan teknologi tersebut oleh masyarakat pesisir di Nusa Tenggara Timur, maka diperlukan adanya kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat untuk meningkatkan pemahaman PLTS dan Lacuda. Kegiatan dilakukan di Desa Oemata Nunu, dan dihadiri oleh 19 nelayan. Meteode kegiatan dilakukan dengan cara pemberian materi, wawancara, dan kuesioner. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian menunjukan adanya peningkatan pemahaman penggunaan PLTS dan Lacuda. Berdasarkan uji Wilcoxon memberikan nilai sigificancy 0,001 (p < 0,05), yang bermakna antara sebelum dan setelah adanya kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat. Peningkatan ini dapat diketahui melalui pemahaman responden tentang PLTS dan Lacuda, pemasangan PLTS dan Lacuda, dan perawatan PLTS dan Lacuda
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Dalam Pencegahan Stunting Pada Anak Balita
Authors: Rochmatun Hasanah  , Fahimah Aryani  , Effendi Bahtiar
Published: March 2023

Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk melakukan sosialisasi dan penyuluhan dalam upaya pencegahan stunting yang ada di Desa Kwasen Kecamatan Bodeh Kabupaten Pemalang. Stunting menjadi permasalahan karena dapat menyebabkan terjadinya kesakitan, kematian, melambatnya proses perkembangan motorik dan menghambat proses pertumbuhan mental penderita. Sasaran dari kegiatan penyuluhan ini yaitu ibu hamil dan anak yang memiliki balita. Pelaksanaan kegiatan yang bekerjasama dengan perangkat desa Kwasen dan bidan desa, dilaksanakan dengan metode sosialisasi serta penyuluhan. Materi yang disamaikan berupa ciri stunting, penyebab dan pencegahan, serta penyuluhan terkait program pemerintah “isi piringku”. Hasil dari kegiatan ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pemahaman  masyarakat mengenai apa itu stunting, penyebab stunting, bahaya stunting untuk jangka pendek dan panjang serta tumbuhnya kesadaran dalam menanggulangi dampak dari stunting sehingga dapat meminimalisir terjadinya stunting pada anak.
Pelatihan Digital Marketing Untuk Pemasaran Desa Wisata di Kepulauan Wakatobi
Authors: Pratama I Wayan Adi
Published: March 2023

Program pengembangan 10 Bali Baru di destinasi super priotias yang tersebar di beberapa titik yakni Kepulauan Wakatobi diharapkan menjadi katalisator pemerataan ekonomi bagi masyarakat sekitar. Berubahnya perilaku wisatawan dan perkembangan teknologi turut menjadi alasan mengapa pemasaran dengan bantuan teknologi dan digitalisasi kian menjadi penting untuk diterapkan oleh pelaku desa wisata. Pelatihan ini bertujuan agar masyarakat pelaku desa wisata juga mampu merencanakan dan mengimplementasi strategi pemasaran digital dengan memanfaatkan media sosial. Media sosial dijelaskan memiliki dampak positif terhadap minat kunjungan wisatawan untuk berkunjung ke sebuah destinasi. Sesi pemaparan teori dan konsep dilengkapi dengan berbagai pemaparan strategi pemasaran digital yang mencakup pemanfaatan media sosial seperti akun Instagram, Facebook, dan Google My Business untuk dapat menjadi media utama informasi mengenai daya tarik serta produk wisata yang ditawarkan oleh desa wisata. Berdasarkan hasil observasi, seluruh peserta pelatihan tertarik mendalami bagaimana pembuatan kalender konten, penulisan caption pada postingan serta pembuatan identitas branding tiap desa wisata yang akan dipromosikan. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini melibatkan 60 peserta yang terdiri dari pelaku industri pariwisata, UMKM serta lembaga kelompok sadar wisata di Kepulauan Wakatobi guna meningkatkan kemampuan dan mengembangkan keterampilan yang bermanfaat untuk meningkatkan kunjungan wisatawan serta pemerataan ekonomi bagi masyarakat sekitar. Harapannya dengan pelatihan ini masyarakat memiliki dasar-dasar pemasaran serta memahami bagaimana langkah-langkah mengimplementasikan strategi pemasaran digital bagi desa wisatanya
FENOMENA BULLYING DALAM KALANGAN SISWA DI SMP NEGERI 1 TARA
Authors: Hatika Mutiasari  , Linda Yarni
Published: March 2023

Pada saat sekarang ini kasus tentang bullying sedang marak-maraknya terjadi pada kalangan siswa disekolah, bullying hampir terus hadir dalam dunia pendidikan seakan-akan tidak ada hentinya. Bullying merupakan perilaku yang menggunakan kekuatan yang digunakan untuk melukai seorang indivindu atau beberapa orang secara fisik atau secara psikologis. Para siswa yang menjadi korban dari bullying sering mendapatkan masalah sebagai dampak dari tindakan bullying yang dilakukan pelaku seperti masalah pada mental dan kesehatan fisik. Biasanya masalah yang sering dialami korban bullying adalah masalah mental yaitu merasa tidak aman saat berada dilingkungan sekolah dan selalu merasa takut dengan pelaku yang berpengaruh pada penurunan minat belajar siswa disekolah karena selalu merasa terancam. Berbagai hal sudah diupayakan dengan baik oleh guru-guru termasuk guru bk yang sangat berpengaruh dalam merubah perilaku sisiwa, dalam penanganannya memang sudah berhasil karena harus beberapa kali siswa yang menjadi pelaku bullying masuk keruang bk sehingga mereka sadar jika tindakan bullying itu tidak boleh dilakukan. Namun ketika satu pelaku sudah diamankan, muncul pelaku lainnya melakukan tindakan bullying dengan cara yang berbeda, sehingga pihak sekolah melakukan berbagai tindakan agar siswa-siswa menjadi sadar jika tindakan bullying termasuk dalam tindakan tercela dan tidak boleh dilakukan oleh siswa sebagai siswa yang terpelajar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Metode penelitian adalah cara alamiah untuk bisa memperoleh data dengan maksud dan tujuan tertentu.
Competitiveness of wine export from CEFTA countries in the EU market
Authors: Crnokrak Nevena , Vlahović Branislav , Radosavljević Katica
Published: March 2023

The objective of this paper is to examine the competitiveness of wine export of CEFTA parties (excluding Kosovo), in the period from 2011 to 2020. The CEFTA group exported wine worth a total of 2.3 billion USD during the analyzed period, with significant differences in export value among certain parties. Moldova and North Macedonia generated over 80% of the wine export value. Competitiveness of wine export was analyzed by calculating two sets of indicators. The first set includes three competitiveness indices: revealed comparative advantage index, export specialization index and trade intensity index. The second set of factors relates to the analysis of market share and changes in the market share. With the purpose of identifying causes of changes in the market share, one of them being the competitiveness effect, the authors employed the method of constant market share analysis. The leading exporter, Moldova, although not predominantly focused on the European Union as the main export market, is competitive in the EU market and achieves specialization in exporting wine to the EU market, as well as an increase in trade intensity and market share. Other analyzed CEFTA countries have recorded a decrease in market shares and variable performance regarding export specialization, revealed comparative advantage and trade intensity.
Long-term effects of the selected economic variables on Serbia public debt
Authors: Mitrašević Mirela , Pjanić Miloš , Luković Stevan
Published: March 2023

Public debt control is one of the most important challenges which global economies face. The aim of this paper is to examine the long-term relationship between public debt and the selected economic variables in the Republic of Serbia by using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach. The empirical analysis conducted on the basis of the annual data in the period from 2000 to 2019 includes, apart from the debt-toGDP ratio as the dependent variable, 6 selected economic indicators, used in the model as independent variables. The obtained results indicate that economic growth and gross fixed capital formation have a statistically significant negative long-term effect on the public debt, while general government final consumption expenditure (% of GDP) and trade openness (% of GDP) show a statistically significant positive long-term effect on the public debt. The estimated long-run coefficients related to inflation and unemployment have the expected sign, but they are statistically insignificant. The results of the study can be important to policy makers when defining the activities aimed at establishing public debt stability and achieving long-term sustainable economic results.
Lncrna CASC11 aggravates diabetic nephropathy via targeting FoxO1
Authors: Zhang Yun , Shi Shuhan , Lin Changda , Che Lishuang , Li Yuangen , Zeng Quanzuan , Lin Weiyuan
Published: March 2023

Background: To explore the biological effects of CASC11 on aggravating diabetic nephropathy (DN) by regulating FoxO1 (forkhead transcription factor O1). Methods: Serum levels of CASC11 and FoxO1 in DN patients were detected. The possibility of CASC11 in predicting the onset of DN was analyzed by depicting ROC curves. Correlation between CASC11 and FoxO1 was evaluated by Pearson correlation test. After intervening CASC11 and FoxO1 levels, we found that changes in proliferative and migratory abilities in high glucose (HG)induced kidney mesangial cells were determined respectively. Protein levels of TGF-b1 and Smads regulated by both CASC11 and FoxO1 were examined by Western blot. Results: A high expression CASC11 but a low expression of FoxO1were in serum of DN patients, showing they were a negative correlation. Hence, CASC11 may be a diagnostic marker for DN. It attenuated proliferative and migratory abilities of HG-induced kidney mesangial cells, but the above inhibitory effects of CASC11 could be abolished by overexpression of FoxO1. Besides, protein levels of TGF-b1 and Smads were positively regulated by CASC11, but Smads regulation were reversed such changes. Conclusion: Through activating the TGF-b1/Smads signaling, CASC11 inhibits FoxO1 expression and thus induces the aggravation of DN.
Consumers' perception of products with geographical indications in Serbia
Authors: Užar Dubravka
Published: March 2023

Geographical indications, as part of product labeling and packaging, are used extensively worldwide as a powerful tool for product diversification and branding. The main purpose of this study is to shed light on consumers' awareness and knowledge of geographical indications in Serbia. Aiming to bridge this gap, we present the results obtained from a consumer survey on a sample of 806 respondents in the territory of Serbia. Differences in consumers' awareness of geographical indications have been tested according to several socio-demographic criteria. The results showed that there are significant statistical differences in monthly income and level of education regarding consumer awareness of GIs. In addition, the respondents indicated a low level of knowledge about the GIs, qualities, benefits, and method of production of these products, as well as the existence of an adequate control system. As consumers consider themselves insufficiently informed, this finding suggests that it is necessary to undertake actions that will contribute to the consumers' education and information. Based on the obtained results, recommendations useful for marketing managers, decision-makers, agricultural producers as well as future research are given in the paper.
Identification of persons in pre-investigation proceedings and investigation: Current controversies and the case law of the Supreme Court of Cassation
Authors: Tasić Marija , Žarković Milan , Bull Ray
Published: March 2023

The present article analyses the case law of the Supreme Court of Cassation of the Republic of Serbia regarding the identification of persons conducted in pre-investigation proceedings and investigation by the police. The basic assumption is that the quality and precision of the criminal procedure rules and judgments of the Supreme Court of Cassation additionally determine the police actions in the conditions of expected harmonization of these rules with the most important scientific findings on factors ('system variables') that affect the accuracy of identification. To determine how the case law in Serbia treats certain assertions made in the requests for protection of legality regarding violations of criminal procedure regarding the identification of persons, the present article analyzed 33 judgments issued by the Supreme Court of Cassation regarding these requests in the period from 2013 to 2021. Based on the results of the analysis, recommendations regarding the improvement of the current criminal procedure rules referring to the identification of persons in Serbia were provided, and that by respecting research-informed standards for the collection, preservation, and presentation of identification evidence.
Life imprisonment in Serbia: Current legislation, theoretical issues, and international legal standards
Authors: Banović Jovana
Published: March 2023

The subject of this paper is the analysis of the novelties regarding life imprisonment in the Criminal Code of Serbia that have been in force since December 1, 2019. The accent falls on the criminal law dimension of these amendments, especially based on the basic principles and their influence on the whole system according to the other provisions of positive law in Serbia. We give the reasons pro and contra life imprisonment as such and the proposal of its special forms and legal solutions (e. g. life without possibility of parole). Moreover, our review touches upon some legal and philosophical aspects that potentially occur in the adoption and implementation phase, both in the national and international law.
Hydrodynamic model recalibration: Case study of the Drmno open cast coal mine
Authors: Polomčić Dušan , Bajić Dragoljub , Šubaranović Tomislav
Published: March 2023

Protection of open cast mines from groundwater is a complex problem in hydrogeology. Characteristic of these mines is the constant expansion, viewed in plan and in depth, from the very beginning of ore exploitation until the end of ore exploitation. Due to such circumstances, the whole process requires constant adaptation to new conditions during lignite exploitation, which also requires constant upgrading of hydrodynamic models, which represent the basic methodology for creating a successful drainage plan and protection of the ore deposit from groundwater. The paper presents the recalibration of the basic model of the Drmno open cast mine. In this research area, the creation of hydrodynamic models, i.e. their upgrading, has been carried out for almost a quarter of a century.
Development of contingent/contextual theory: A state-of-the-art review
Authors: Spasojević-Brkić Vesna , Mihajlović Ivan
Published: March 2023

The contingent/contextual approach to the theory and practice of the organization arose in the 60s of the previous century, and its verification and empirical improvement are still ongoing, with increasing topicality and the presence of an increasingly strong trend of quantifying the influence of contingent/contextual factors and the increasing complexity of research with the same aim - it is expected that by mastering the effect of given factors, the overall efficiency of the company can be increased and that standardization in this field can bring great benefits. So far, the best researched and quantified is the impact of company size and technology on organizational structure factors. However, a large number of interdependencies are still not resolved among contingent factors, such as: a) the connection of decentralization with other contingent factors - company size, environment, etc., b) the influence of digitalization on the range of management, c) the direction of the influence of the degree of mass production on the number of hierarchical levels, d) the impact of innovation as a part of strategy on the organizational structure and many others. Various authors try to solve the above-mentioned questions, but the conclusions between them have not been confirmed so far; what's more, numerous results are released to the scientific public, which are mutually contradictory, as shown in the tabular presentation in the paper. In particular, the contribution of the latest version of the ISO 9001 standard from 2015, which for the first time recognizes the context in the given area, should be highlighted. Finally, it can be concluded that the empirical verification and theoretical enrichment of the contingent theory has been going on for decades, with the presence of an increasingly strong trend of quantifying the impact of contingent factors and the increasing complexity of research with the same goal - it is expected that mastering the effect of contingent factors can increase the overall efficiency of the company.
The criticism of the universal expression of soft power from the point of view of a small state
Authors: Mitrović Miroslav
Published: March 2023

Globalization and the development of information technology strongly influence international politics and relations, increasingly transforming them according to the determinants of hard and soft power. This imposed and simplified binary context of the capability of states to influence others is the subject of discussions with a pronounced tendency to establish as clear a dichotomy as possible and a sharp division into hard and soft power. Attempts at quantitative and qualitative measurements of complex social indicators of soft power, however, are met with reasoned critical reviews. The validity of the criticism of measuring soft power is based on the author's subjectivity, the narrow niche of delegated indicators, the selective and subjective choice of determinants, etc. The main hypothesis of the paper is based on the premise of non-linearity of the overall development of states and the imposed division into the powerful and weak. The criticism is based on the defined criteria that have been imposed by the "leaders" of opinion, powerful and influential states, which project them in accordance with their potential and achieve soft power at the same time. By analysing the theoretical framework of the interpretation of the phenomenon of soft power, the paper contributes to the establishment of its correlation with the factors of hard power. Moreover, by analysing the results of earlier research, by comparison, as well as by modelling, it contributes to the criticism of the sustainability of the universal approach to soft power. Furthermore, by critically considering the existing implemented methods of measuring soft power, with the summary of the proposed wider, more objective models, the paper provides a contribution to the basics of the projection of the soft power of a small state.
The management of the civil defence system of the Republic of Serbia: Situation and problems
Authors: Mladenović Milica , Komazec Nenad
Published: March 2023

The role of the civil defence system of the Republic of Serbia comes to full expression in the modern world full of various sources, forms and holders of threats. Endangerment is manifested through increasing challenges, risks and threats to security, which, without any doubt, cannot be countered only by the human and material resources of the Serbian Armed Forces. The Republic of Serbia has to develop its civil defence in accordance with the characteristics of the global, regional and local environment and its internal circumstances, opportunities and needs. The civil defence system of the Republic of Serbia is a strategic component of the national security system and is intended to protect the civilian population and material resources in peace, war and state of emergency. In recent years, the need for its comprehensive reform within the unified national security system has been recognized in order to ensure the efficient implementation of the function of meeting the needs of the military, state authorities and citizens and the function of protecting and rescuing the civilian population and material resources. The civil defence of the Republic of Serbia, in addition to the Serbian Armed Forces, represents one of the foundations of the defence system and should be the most organized social force that provides all the necessary assistance to the endangered population and protects material and cultural goods. Since the civil defence of the Republic of Serbia faces many difficulties in its functioning in practice, there is a need to bring it to a level where it can effectively fulfill all its goals and tasks and provide the necessary protection. In order to achieve this, first of all, the problem of managing the civil defence system has to be solved in a clear and unambiguous way in relation to the current normative solutions.
¿Dónde estás, papá?
Authors: Moreno Sánchez Aleix , Gimeno-Bayón Cobos Ana
Published: March 2023

Presentación del caso de Enrique, un niño de 10 años que acude a terapia por petición de los padres, que llevan cinco años separados y ambos han rehecho su vida con sus nuevas parejas. Las demandas principales que se plantean son: las dificultades de comunicación entre el niño y su padre y las dificultades que tiene Enrique para conciliar el sueño. El proceso psicoterapéutico, tratado con Psicoterapia Integradora Humanista (Gimeno-Bayón & Rosal), se desarrolló entre febrero y junio de 2021 en 17 sesiones, de las cuales 14 fueron con el protagonista de la terapia, dos con los padres y una con el padre y su pareja.  El problema principal del niño consistía en la sobreadaptación de su comportamiento a creencias disfuncionales, tomadas en base a situaciones pasadas. Tal problema pudo ser resuelto satisfactoriamente, mediante la utilización conjunta de dibujos, visualizaciones, atención corporal y aprendizajes emocionales, en un paciente muy centrado en lo cognitivo y un entorno familiar que fomentaba esta tendencia.
Experiences of traumatic events, knowledge and attitudes concerning post-traumatic stress disorder, and resilience among nurses and paramedics working in emergency department
Authors: Hong Sun-Woo , Bang Kyung-Sook , Bang Hwal Lan , Hyun Hye Jin , Lee Miyoung , Jung Yu Na
Published: March 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to assess exposure to traumatic events, knowledge and attitudes concerning post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the level of resilience among nurses and paramedics working in emergency departments. Methods: Data were collected from May 22 to June 12, 2022, using a self-administered survey questionnaire. The participants comprised 135 nurses and 80 paramedics working in emergency departments. The collected data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, a t-test, and an analysis of variance with Scheffé’s test. Results: Compared with emergency room nurses, paramedics were more positive about the government’s spending on job opportunities for people with PTSD. There were no significant differences in attitude regarding government strategies and people with PTSD between nurses and paramedics. Paramedics had higher scores on the effective treatment for PTSD, while emergency room nurses showed higher scores on effective psychotherapy. General knowledge of PTSD differed according to sex (t=-2.33, p=.021) and education level (F=3.21, p=.042). Resilience scores differed significantly according to sex (t=2.02, p=.045), education level (F=4.10, p=.018), self-reported economic state (F=10.34, p<.001), and self-reported health (F=11.57, p<.001). Conclusion: The findings support that emergency department nurses and paramedics are in need of self-care programs to support their mental health and indicate that intervention programs should be developed to enhance resilience in emergency department professionals.
The influences of mental health problem on suicide-related behaviors among adolescents: Based on Korean Youth Health Behavior Survey
Authors: Park Eunok
Published: March 2023

Purpose: This study explored the influencing factors on suicide-related behaviors (ideation, plans, and attempts) focusing on mental health problems (anxiety, depression, and loneliness) among Korean adolescents. Methods: A secondary analysis was conducted with data from the 16th Korean Youth Health Behavior Survey collected from in 2020 by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. Results: After the adjustment of demographic characteristics and health risk behaviors, the influences of mental health problems on suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts showed the anxiety odds ratio (OR) for severe anxiety vs. minimal (OR 4.65, 4.67, and 3.75), depression (OR 4.27, 3.69, and 4.49), loneliness (OR 2.18, 1.96, and 1.96). Health risk behaviors (violence experience, drug use, stress, smoking, and drinking alcohol) and demographic variables (gender, school record, and socioeconomic status) were also significantly associated with suicide-related behaviors. Conclusion: Anxiety, depression, and loneliness were strong predictors of suicide-related behaviors. Early detection of suicide risks through screening for comprehensive mental health problems was recommended. Suicide prevention that considers the risk factors, including mental health problems and other risk factors, needs to be developed and implemented to reduce suicide risks among adolescents.
Gospel Selections: The First Book in Inuktitut Syllabics
Authors: Harper Kenn
Published: March 2023

The syllabic writing system invented for the Cree was first introduced to Inuit in 1855 by Rev. Edwin A. Watkins (1827–1907) at Fort George and Little Whale River on the James Bay and Hudson Bay coasts, respectively. That same year at Fort George, Watkins prepared a small book of gospel selections in Inuktitut syllabics with the help of a young Inuk, Peter Okakterook (circa 1836–1858), and sent it to Rev. John Horden (1828–1893) in Moose Factory, who printed it on the press he had acquired for his mission. This small book is one of the earliest items printed on Horden’s press, and the only one printed in Inuktitut. Only one copy is known to have survived, at Library and Archives Canada, where it is catalogued under the title Selections from the Gospels in the Dialect of the Inuit of Little Whale River. The small volume of eight pages, transliterated into syllabics from Moravian publications prepared in the roman orthography used for Inuttut on the Labrador coast in present-day Nunatsiavut, was intended for use by Inuit in Nunavik. Although printed in syllabics using what are today seen as western Cree syllable-final symbols, the text is readable by and understandable to modern Inuit readers. This paper examines early missionary efforts to develop literacy for mission purposes among Inuit, including the printing and distribution of this small volume.
Inuit Women Working in the Nunavik Justice System: A Relational Perspective on Justice
Authors: Hervé Caroline , Laneuville Pascale
Published: March 2023

The literature on how Inuit women relate to justice has thus far portrayed them largely as victims of various types of violence and in need of assistance. However, justice does not concern them only as victims, offenders, or affected family members, as many of them work in this field as crucial actors for their communities, providing people in difficulty with support and helping them navigate a complex structure. This article emphasizes the important role of Nunavik Inuit women today in maintaining community harmony. We also explore their views on the justice system and outline what an Inuit system of justice could look like today. Our research project used a participatory methodology, an ontological approach, and both qualitative and quantitative methods. Our results suggest that Nunavik justice is not simply a legal institution and should therefore be defined much more broadly and incorporate the moral principles of social responsibility and interdependence.
Required Elements for Success and Benefits of Participation in Camps of an On-The-Land Program in the Inuvialuit Settlement Region
Authors: Ollier Mary , Giles Audrey R. , Etter Meghan , Ruttan Jimmy , Elanik Nellie , Goose Ruth , Ipana Esther
Published: March 2023

We report on a partnership between the Inuvialuit Regional Corporation (IRC) and the University of Ottawa to determine whether/how on-the-land programming offered culturally safe experiences to meet the self-identified needs of the residents of the Inuvialuit Settlement Region. This study draws upon the experiences of participants in the IRC’s land-based healing program, Project Jewel. We used postcolonial theory supported by a decolonization framework and critical Inuit studies to direct this community-based research methodology. The community advisory committee and the research advisory team co-determined semi-structured interviews, sharing circles, and photovoice as the chosen research methods for this project. Results indicate that land-based healing programs considerably enhanced cultural identity and meaningful connections to social support and Inuvialuit heritage in an “on-the-land” environment. Land-based programs may thus offer an alternative and effective healing opportunity for participants who feel uncomfortable or are not being adequately served by conventional community-based or residential treatment programs.
Linguistic Relativism and the Expression of Basic Theoretical Rationality in Inuktitut
Authors: Mahieu Marc-Antoine
Published: March 2023

This paper begins by stressing the importance of distinguishing between linguistic relativity, whose reality is hardly debatable, and linguistic relativism, which ultimately holds that language communities are locked within their own worldview, hence their own notions of truth. It then rejects linguistic relativism by asserting the existence of a universal core of theoretical rationality comprised at the very least of the logical principles of identity, noncontradiction, and excluded middle. It goes on to show how this theoretical rationality manifests itself in the lexicon of a language that differs greatly from English: Inuktitut spoken by Inuit of Nunavik (Arctic Quebec). The definitions provided by Taamusi Qumaq for three words relating to critical thought are translated for the first time. Other quotes give examples of theoretical rationality in actual usage. Finally, the paper asks why logic as such is accorded little value in the culture Inuktitut expresses. The suggested answer follows Jack Goody, who holds that a long written tradition is required for the rules of formal logic to take hold in language practices. Writing is not just a transcription of the spoken word; it is an intellectual technology that impacts the way speakers use their language.
Connecting without Protecting
Authors: Hackl Andreas
Published: March 2023

The global spread of online work opportunities has inspired a new generation of
market-based aid that connects forcibly displaced people to a transnational
internet economy. Because refugees face barriers to making a livelihood online,
aid organisations and private enterprises support them by building bridges
across digital divides, connectivity problems or skill gaps. They thereby become
intermediaries and brokers that facilitate connections between refugees and
online income opportunities, which often lack decent working conditions and
adequate protections. Because digital livelihood initiatives lack the power to
reshape these conditions and the value of work in the internet economy, they
fail to become mediators with a transformative impact. The result is that the
internet economy reshapes livelihoods provision far more than aid can reshape
its disempowering effects, despite successes in driving forward refugees’
digital inclusion. Based on more than three years of research including
interviews, field visits and surveys, this article foregrounds the current risks
that result from the inclusion of refugees into precarious forms of online gig
work. To ensure a decent future of work for refugees in the internet economy,
the current push for digital livelihoods will require an equally strong push for
stronger protections, inclusive regulations and rights.
Impacto da doença cárie na qualidade de vida de pré-escolares atendidos na clínica da Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF/RS)
Authors: Tonial Fernanda Guzzo , Magnabosco Caroline , Pavinato Larissa Corrêa Brusco , Bervian Juliane , Orlando Franciele
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto que a cárie precoce na infância ocasiona na qualidade de vida de préescolares atendidos na clínica da Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF/RS). Material e Métodos: Setenta e nove crianças e seus respectivos pais que procuraram atendimento na Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade de Passo Fundo participaram do estudo transversal. Foi realizado o exame físico e a aplicação do questionário B-ECOHIS aos pais das crianças. Os exames intrabucais foram realizados conforme os preceitos de biossegurança da Organização Mundial da Saúde. Os dados foram descritos através de parâmetros de média, desvio padrão e mediana. Para a comparação dos escores com o gênero foi utilizado o teste de Mann-Whitney. Para a comparação dos escores entre as faixas etárias e a cárie precoce da infância foi utilizado o teste de Kruskal-Wallis e o teste post-hoc de Dunn para as comparações múltiplas. Em todos os testes foi adotado nível de significância de 5% (p < 0,05). Resultados: Verificou-se que a faixa etária da criança e a presença de cárie precoce na infância apresentam impacto negativo na qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal. Crianças de 24-35 meses apresentaram menor impacto do que crianças de 36-47 meses e ≥ 48 meses. Crianças livres de cárie apresentaram menor impacto na qualidade de vida do que crianças com cárie. Conclusão: A prevenção da cárie é de suma importância, uma vez que a doença repercute no ambiente psicossocial, interferindo nos domínios de autonomia, função, família e lazer da criança.Descritores: Qualidade de vida. Pré-escolar. Cárie dentária.
Societal perceptions of dentofacial appearances of patients with malocclusion: a systematic review
Authors: Prado Renata F , Siqueira Carolina M S , Jorge Joana Ramos , Paiva Saul M , Melgaço Camilo A , Pazzini Camila A
Published: March 2023

Aim: This systematic review aimed to evaluate whether or not there is evidence enough to support the hypothesis that society promotes judgments on the facial aesthetics of individuals with malocclusion. Methods: Searches were conducted in the PubMed, Bireme, BBO, LILACS, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and SciELO databases, supplemented by an additional manual search. Results: The present study included all articles that appeared in each of these databases between January 1965 and February 2015. Inclusion criteria were based on the articles whose primary focus was the societal perception of dentofacial appearances, written in English; observational and experimental epidemiological studies (Cross-sectional, Longitudinal, Cohort, Randomized Clinical Trial, Case-Control); and systematic reviews. Review articles, clinical case reports, laboratorial experiment studies, and abstracts were excluded. This search identified 2,530 articles, of which four fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Of these, only one study showed a high level of scientific evidence. The main flaws found included blind assessment of the measurement, validity of the measurement methods, error analysis of the method, and confounding factors not reported in all articles. Conclusion: According to this systematic review, it could be concluded that there is a need for further studies with more efficient methodological qualities.Uniterms: Orthodontics. Malocclusion. Visual perception. Systematic review.