bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identity, Power, and Prestige in Switzerland's Multilingual Education
Authors: Becker Anna
Published: February 2023

Switzerland is known for its multilingualism, yet not all languages are represented equally in society. The situation is exacerbated by the influx of heritage languages and English through migration and globalization processes which challenge the traditional education system. This study is the first to investigate how schools in Grisons, Fribourg, and Zurich negotiate neoliberal forces leading to a growing necessity of English, a romanticized view on national languages, and the social justice perspective of institutionalizing heritage languages. It uncovers power and legitimacy issues and showcases students' and teachers' complex identities to advocate equitable multilingual education.
»Gold Fever« and Women
Authors: Schönfelder Sigrid
Published: February 2023

Throughout its history, the American West symbolized a place of hope and new beginnings, where anything was possible, especially for men. However, the history written until the 1970s and 1980s excluded women. Sigrid Schönfelder illustrates how the American West served as a catalytic gold mine for many transformations for women. It draws on the life narratives of three healthcare providers whose devotion within the social reform movements of the long nineteenth century contributed significantly to shaping healthcare policies. Their stories show how women contributed to place-making in the West and served as role models for other women to enter the field of medicine.
¿Por qué varía el desempeño entre estudiantes de baja condición social? Factores escolares y domésticos asociados al logro en seis países sudamericanos
Authors: Miguez Daniel Pedro
Published: February 2023

Este artículo examina las condiciones domésticas y escolares asociadas a los puntajes obtenidos en las pruebas PISA 2018 por los y las estudiantes de menores recursos en seis países sudamericanos: Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Perú y Uruguay. A diferencia de los estudios que comparan  estudiantes de diversos estratos sociales, comparamos las características de las escuelas y los hogares donde los/as estudiantes que pertenecen a los estratos más carecientes logran mayores puntajes en las pruebas con aquellas en las que logran puntajes más bajos. Esta comparación pone en evidencia que existen variaciones en la disponibilidad de recursos educativos en el hogar de estudiantes del mismo estrato que se asocian al desempeño. También existen actitudes estudiantiles desfavorables al aprendizaje (como el escaparse de clases, ausentarse o el bullying entre compañeros) que afectan los aprendizajes. En cambio, la disponibilidad de recursos pedagógicos o de infraestructura en las escuelas, y las actitudes docentes frente al aprendizaje no presentan una asociación estadísticamente robusta.
HEDA
Authors: Ren Xuanle , Su Le , Gu Zhen , Wang Sheng , Li Feifei , Xie Yuan , Bian Song , Li Chao , Zhang Fan
Published: February 2023

Recent years have witnessed the rapid development of the encrypted database, due to the increasing number of data privacy breaches and the corresponding laws and regulations that caused millions of dollars in loss. These encrypted databases may rely on different techniques, such as cryptographic primitives and trusted execution environments. In this work, we investigate the feasibility of utilizing fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) to support unbounded database aggregation queries, which typically involve comparisons as filtering predicates and a final aggregation. These operators are theoretically supported by FHE, but need careful algorithm design to maximize the efficiency and have not been explored before. We creatively use two types of FHE schemes,
i.e.
, one for numerical and one for binary value, to enjoy their advantages respectively. To bridge the encrypted values between these two schemes for seamless query processing without client-server interaction, we propose a novel ciphertext transformation mechanism, which is of independent research interest, to close this gap. We further implement our system and test it over three TPC-H queries and a query over a real social media e-commerce database. Evaluation results show that, to process an aggregation query over 8
k
encrypted rows takes about 430 seconds. Although it is slower than plaintext processing in magnitudes and still has much room for improvement, as the very first work in this domain, our system demonstrates the feasibility of using FHE to process OLAP queries.
Density Personalized Group Query
Authors: Shen Chih-Ya , Ko Shao-Heng , Lee Guang-Siang , Lee Wang-Chien , Yang De-Nian
Published: February 2023

Research on new queries for finding dense subgraphs and groups has been actively pursued due to their many applications, especially in social network analysis and graph mining. However, existing work faces two major weaknesses: i) incapability of supporting personalized neighborhood density, and ii) inability to find sparse groups. To tackle the above issues, we propose a new query, called Density-Customized Social Group Query (DCSGQ), that accommodates the need for
personalized density
by allowing individual users to flexibly configure their social tightness (and sparseness) for the target group. The proposed DCSGQ is general due to flexible in configuration of neighboring social density in queries. We prove the NP-hardness and inapproximability of DCSGQ, formulate an Integer Program (IP) as a baseline, and propose an efficient algorithm, FSGSel-RR, by relaxing the IP. We then propose a fixed-parameter tractable algorithm with a performance guarantee, named FSGSel-TD, and further combine it with FSGSel-RR into a hybrid approach, named FSGSel-Hybrid, in order to strike a good balance between solution quality and efficiency. Extensive experiments on multiple large real datasets demonstrate the superior solution quality and efficiency of our approaches over existing subgraph and group queries.
Nezha
Authors: Geng Jinkun , Sivaraman Anirudh , Prabhakar Balaji , Rosenblum Mendel
Published: February 2023

This paper presents a high-performance consensus protocol, Nezha, which can be deployed by cloud tenants without support from cloud providers. Nezha bridges the gap between protocols such as Multi-Paxos and Raft, which can be readily deployed, and protocols such as NOPaxos and Speculative Paxos, that provide better performance, but require access to technologies such as programmable switches and in-network prioritization, which cloud tenants do not have.

Nezha uses a new multicast primitive called deadline-ordered multicast (DOM). DOM uses high-accuracy software clock synchronization to synchronize sender and receiver clocks. Senders tag messages with deadlines in synchronized time; receivers process messages in deadline order, on or after their deadline.

We compare Nezha with Multi-Paxos, Fast Paxos, Raft, (optimized) NOPaxos, and 2 recent protocols, Domino and TOQ-EPaxos, that use synchronized clocks. In throughput, Nezha outperforms all baselines by a median of 5.4X (range: 1.9--20.9X). In latency, Nezha outperforms five baselines by a median of 2.3X (range: 1.3--4.0X), with one exception: it sacrifices 33% of latency compared with our optimized NOPaxos in one test. We also prototype two applications, a key-value store and a fair-access stock exchange, on top of Nezha to show that Nezha only modestly reduces their performance relative to an unreplicated system.
Quasi-Stable Coloring for Graph Compression
Authors: Kayali Moe , Suciu Dan
Published: February 2023

We propose
quasi-stable coloring
, an approximate version of stable coloring. Stable coloring, also called color refinement, is a well-studied technique in graph theory for classifying vertices, which can be used to build compact, lossless representations of graphs. However, its usefulness is limited due to its reliance on strict symmetries. Real data compresses very poorly using color refinement. We propose the first, to our knowledge, approximate color refinement scheme, which we call quasi-stable coloring. By using approximation, we alleviate the need for strict symmetry, and allow for a tradeoff between the degree of compression and the accuracy of the representation. We study three applications: Linear Programming, Max-Flow, and Betweenness Centrality, and provide theoretical evidence in each case that a quasi-stable coloring can lead to good approximations on the reduced graph. Next, we consider how to compute a maximal quasi-stable coloring: we prove that, in general, this problem is NP-hard, and propose a simple, yet effective algorithm based on heuristics. Finally, we evaluate experimentally the quasi-stable coloring technique on several real graphs and applications, comparing with prior approximation techniques.
Keep CALM and CRDT On
Authors: Laddad Shadaj , Power Conor , Milano Mae , Cheung Alvin , Crooks Natacha , Hellerstein Joseph M.
Published: February 2023

Despite decades of research and practical experience, developers have few tools for programming reliable distributed applications without resorting to expensive coordination techniques. Conflict-free replicated datatypes (CRDTs) are a promising line of work that enable coordination-free replication and offer certain eventual consistency guarantees in a relatively simple object-oriented API. Yet CRDT guarantees extend only to data updates; observations of CRDT state are unconstrained and unsafe. We propose an agenda that embraces the simplicity of CRDTs, but provides richer, more uniform guarantees. We extend CRDTs with a query model that reasons about which queries are safe without coordination by applying monotonicity results from the CALM Theorem, and lay out a larger agenda for developing CRDT data stores that let developers safely and efficiently interact with replicated application state.
Integrating Data Lake Tables
Authors: Khatiwada Aamod , Shraga Roee , Gatterbauer Wolfgang , Miller Renée J.
Published: February 2023

We have made tremendous strides in providing tools for data scientists to discover new tables useful for their analyses. But despite these advances, the proper integration of discovered tables has been under-explored. An interesting semantics for integration, called Full Disjunction, was proposed in the 1980's, but there has been little progress in using it for data science to integrate tables culled from data lakes. We provide ALITE, the first proposal for scalable integration of tables that may have been discovered using join, union or related table search. We empirically show that ALITE can outperform previous algorithms for computing the Full Disjunction. ALITE relaxes previous assumptions that tables share common attribute names (which completely determine the join columns), are complete (without null values), and have acyclic join patterns. To evaluate ALITE, we develop and share three new benchmarks for integration that use real data lake tables.
The crystal structure of ((E)-2,4-dichloro-6-(((2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)imino)methyl)phenolato-κ
3
N,O,O′)tris(pyridine-κN)manganese(II), C28H21Cl2MnN5O4
Authors: Li Ting , Xiao Xiyuan , Tan Yuxing , Fu Weiwei
Published: February 2023

C28H21Cl2MnN5O4, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 8.9699(9) Å, b = 9.1185(9) Å, c = 17.6902(17) Å, α = 103.776(1)°, β = 92.407(1)°, γ = 99.761(1)°, V = 1379.8(2) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0388, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0920, T = 296 K.
The crystal structure of catena–poly[aqua(1-naphthoato-κ
2
O,O′)-(μ-1-naphthoato-κ
4
O:O,O′:O′)lead(II)], C22H16O5Pb
Authors: Li Jiahong , Deng Zheyu , Li Biao , Ou Jiaqi , Zhu Xiaoming
Published: February 2023

C22H16O5Pb, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 7.3395(8) Å, b = 10.7768(11) Å, c = 23.034(3) Å, V = 1821.9(3) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0327, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0735, T = 296(2) K.
Dynamical aspects of transient electro-osmotic flow of Burgers' fluid with zeta potential in cylindrical tube
Authors: Raza Nauman , Khan Ahmad Kamal , Awan Aziz Ullah , Abro Kashif Ali
Published: February 2023

In this article, we consider the flow of a Burgers’ fluid of transient electro-osmotic type in a small tube with a circular cross-section. Analytical results are found for the transient velocity and, electric potential profile by solving the Navier–Stokes and the linearized Poisson–Boltzmann equations. Moreover, these equations are solved with the help of the integral transform method. We consider cases in which the velocity of the fluid changes with time and those in which the velocity of the fluid does not change with time. Furthermore, special results for classical fluids such as Newtonian, second grade, Maxwell, and Oldroyd-B fluids are obtained as the particular cases of the outcomes of this work and that these results actually strengthen the results of the solution. This study of the nonlinear problem of Burgers’ fluid in a specified physical model will help us to understand the behavior of blood clotting and the block of any kind of problem in which this type of fluid is used. The solution of the complex velocity profile of Burgers’ fluid will help us in the future to solve the problems in which this transient electro-osmotic type of small tube is involved. At the end, numerical results are shown graphically that can help us to understand the complex behavior of the Burgers’ fluid, and also the analysis of the Burgers’ fluid shows dissimilarity with other fluids that are considered in this work.
Van Gogh’s Painting and an Incestuous Universe
Authors: Søvik Atle Ottesen , Eikrem Asle
Published: February 2023

This article continues a discussion the authors have had with Mats Wahlberg on evolutionary theodicies. We have previously suggested a theodicy where there are token unique goods that could only have been actualized through indeterministic evolution. Wahlberg objects that we cannot appeal to such goods, since given indeterminism, God cannot know that such goods will appear. In this article we respond by arguing that God can know well enough that certain kinds of token goods will appear, without knowing in detail their specific character, or when they will happen.
A comparative assessment of potentially harmful metals in the Lagos Lagoon and Ogun river catchment
Authors: Adeniyi Adeleke , Ibidokun Mayowa , Oluwole Ojo
Published: February 2023

Metals are one of the most common pollutants of surface water around the world. The anthropogenic contribution to aquatic metal pollution is of global concern. This study investigates the levels of Ca, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Ni and Zn in surface water and sediments in the Lagos lagoon (Ibafon-Apapa, University of Lagos waterfront, UWF) and Ogun river catchment at Agiliti-Ketu. The metal concentrations were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Ibafon-Apapa generally, accounted for the highest concentrations of metals in both water and sediment samples. The ranges of concentrations (µg/g) of metals in sediment samples were: 0.08 ± 0.05–2140.64 ± 1981.54, ND-7.19 ± 7.32, 4.59 ± 2.46–78.95 ± 49.15, 3276.22 ± 2059.57–25,307.60 ± 8759.66, 255.73 ± 98.54–4651.0 ± 1672.60, 19.84 ± 10.23–228.50 ± 84.17, 4.51 ± 4.02–24.45 ± 22.78 for Ca, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn, respectively. Ni occurred in the water and sediment samples below the detection limit. The water and sediments samples from UWF have mean pH values of 7.71 ± 0.07 and 6.61 ± 0.40, respectively, which are higher than that of Agiliti-Ketu (7.65 ± 0.06 and 6.58 ± 0.95) and Ibafon-Apapa (7.60 ± 0.39 and 4.20 ± 0.50), respectively. The highest values for electrical conductivity (EC) was recorded in Ibafon-Apapa (8.54 ± 1.27 μS/cm) followed by UWF (6.50 ± 2.16 μS/cm) and Agiliti-Ketu (0.28 ± 0.40 μS/cm), respectively. The relatively high values of EC and total dissolved solids (TDS) in the Ibafon-Apapa and UWF axis of the Lagos lagoon is an indication of the brackish nature of the lagoon, while the low mean values of EC (0.28 ± 0.40 μS/cm) and TDS (78.0 ± 13.04 mg/L) recorded for Agiliti-Ketu is a pointer to the freshwater attribute of the water. Cd, Mn, Fe and Pb were found to exceed the WHO limit for drinking water. Results were compared with global background values. Cadmium, manganese, iron and lead levels in the water and sediments samples revealed metals pollution. Statistical analysis of variance and t-test were used to analyze the data obtained. Metals pollution source control is recommended.
A mini review on the prospects of Fagara zanthoxyloides extract based composites: a remedy for COVID-19 and associated replica?
Authors: Oladipo Abiodun , Ejeromedoghene Onome , Adebayo Ademola , Ogunyemi Olakunle , Egejuru George
Published: February 2023

Studies are still being conducted to find a sustainable and long-lasting solution to the lethal consequences of the feared virus characterized as coronavirus disease (Covid-19) and its accompanying pathogenic replication, which pose a serious threat to human survival in the wake of its broad distribution. Since its emergence, researchers have investigated synthetic approaches in search of a dependable vaccine or treatment and curtail the spread of the virus and also enhance the health of a patient who has been affected. Unfortunately, the infection is yet to be entirely eradicated in many parts of the world. Despite the introduction of synthetic pharmaceuticals like remdesivir and derivatives of chloroquine, plant extracts may be an alternative reliable strategy that could successfully combat the operation of the virus. Herein, we investigated the prospects of fagara zanthoxyloides lam. (rutaceae) (syn. zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides), a well-known medicinal tree whose extracts have demonstrated success in treating many microbiological and viral-related infections. The distinctive plant extracts contain several bioactive phytochemicals with promising biological activity with minimal or no side effects and are being researched for a variety of applications, particularly in the pharmaceutical and medicinal industries. Consequently, in this review, we examined the crude extracts from the Fagara species and suggested that careful consideration should be given to its independent use or combination with other bioactive molecules, such as biopolymers and nano-metallic composites, to combat the terrifying Covid-19 virus and its associates.
Transporto įmonių socialinės atsakomybės plėtojimas neapibrėžtumo sąlygomis
Authors: Paužuolienė Jurgita , Kaveckė Ieva
Published: February 2023

Transportas vaidina pagrindinį vaidmenį vystantis beveik kiekvienai šaliai. Veiksmingos transporto sistemos teigiamai veikia
socialinio vystymosi ir ekonomikos augimą, bet gali ir neigiamai veikti aplinką bei žmonių sveikatą. Transportas, kaip paslaugų
pramonės dalis, ypač priklauso nuo klientų pasitikėjimo ir prekės ženklo įvaizdžio. Šiuo aspektu įmonių socialinė atsakomybė
(ĮSA) ypač svarbi. Vis daugiau vartotojų domisi įmonių aplinkosauginiais ir socialiniais klausimais, tad jos priverstos į tai atsižvelgti
ir imtis atitinkamų veiksmų prisiimdamos socialinę atsakomybę. Atsižvelgiant į neseniai vykusios pasaulinės pandemijos sukeltus
sutrikimus bei karą Ukrainoje, atlikta JT Pasaulinio susitarimo narių Europos Sąjungoje transporto įmonių ataskaitų analizė.
Aiškintasi, kokių veiksmų įmonės imasi neapibrėžtumo sąlygomis įgyvendindamos socialiai atsakingą veiklą. Ataskaitų analizė
atskleidė, kad įmonės dėjo dideles pastangas kovodamos su pandemija, nemaža dalis jų sureagavo ir į Rusijos karą prieš Ukrainą.
In search of a musical past: evidence for early chordophones from Vietnam
Authors: Campos Fredeliza Z. , Hull Jennifer R. , Hồng Vương Thu
Published: February 2023

Music likely played an important role within prehistoric societies but can be challenging to study in the absence of evidence for musical instruments. Here, the authors present two deer antlers recovered from the early Metal Age site of Go O Chua in southern Vietnam. A detailed examination of the artefacts, including evidence for use-wear, combined with insights from ethnographic analogies, leads the authors to conclude that the artefacts were single-stringed musical instruments. At least 2000 years old, the Go O Chua artefacts would be the earliest-known examples of chordophones from the region and indicate a long musical tradition. Their identification gives impetus to archaeo-musicological research in Southeast Asia and beyond.
Into the Tsar's residence: geophysical survey of the early medieval Bulgarian capital of Veliki Preslav
Authors: Milo Peter , Dimitrov Petar , Manolova-Voykova Mariya , Tencer Tomáš , Milová Beáta , Vágner Michal
Published: February 2023

During the late first millennium AD, the Bulgarian Empire emerged in the eastern Balkans on the doorstep of the Byzantine Empire. In a bid to reconcile with—and impress—its powerful neighbour, Tsar Simeon I selected the fortified site of Veliki Preslav as a new capital city. Through the ninth and tenth centuries AD, the city was developed into one of the largest cities of the early Middle Ages in Europe. A fortified Inner City of palaces, churches and state buildings was accompanied by a large defended Outer City. The authors present the results of a recent geophysical survey, revealing patterning in the spatial and socio-economic organisation of the urban landscape between the ninth and fourteenth centuries AD.
Macrophages Promote Repair of Inner Hair Cell Ribbon Synapses following Noise-Induced Cochlear Synaptopathy
Authors: Manickam Vijayprakash , Gawande Dinesh Y. , Stothert Andrew R. , Clayman Anna C. , Batalkina Lyudmila , Warchol Mark E. , Ohlemiller Kevin K. , Kaur Tejbeer
Published: February 2023

Resident cochlear macrophages rapidly migrate into the inner hair cell synaptic region and directly contact the damaged synaptic connections after noise-induced synaptopathy. Eventually, such damaged synapses are spontaneously repaired, but the precise role of macrophages in synaptic degeneration and repair remains unknown. To address this, cochlear macrophages were eliminated using colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) inhibitor, PLX5622. Sustained treatment with PLX5622 inCX3CR1GFP/+mice of both sexes led to robust elimination of resident macrophages (∼94%) without significant adverse effects on peripheral leukocytes, cochlear function, and structure. At 1 day (d) post noise exposure of 93 or 90 dB SPL for 2 hours, the degree of hearing loss and synapse loss were comparable in the presence and absence of macrophages. At 30 d after exposure, damaged synapses appeared repaired in the presence of macrophages. However, in the absence of macrophages, such synaptic repair was significantly reduced. Remarkably, on cessation of PLX5622 treatment, macrophages repopulated the cochlea, leading to enhanced synaptic repair. Elevated auditory brainstem response thresholds and reduced auditory brainstem response Peak 1 amplitudes showed limited recovery in the absence of macrophages but recovered similarly with resident and repopulated macrophages. Cochlear neuron loss was augmented in the absence of macrophages but showed preservation with resident and repopulated macrophages after noise exposure. While the central auditory effects of PLX5622 treatment and microglia depletion remain to be investigated, these data demonstrate that macrophages do not affect synaptic degeneration but are necessary and sufficient to restore cochlear synapses and function after noise-induced synaptopathy.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe synaptic connections between cochlear inner hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons can be lost because of noise over exposure or biological aging. This loss may represent the most common causes of sensorineural hearing loss also known as hidden hearing loss. Synaptic loss results in degradation of auditory information, leading to difficulty in listening in noisy environments and other auditory perceptual disorders. We demonstrate that resident macrophages of the cochlea are necessary and sufficient to restore synapses and function following synaptopathic noise exposure. Our work reveals a novel role for innate-immune cells, such as macrophages in synaptic repair, that could be harnessed to regenerate lost ribbon synapses in noise- or age-linked cochlear synaptopathy, hidden hearing loss, and associated perceptual anomalies.
THE EFFECT OF SOLUTION TEMPERATURE ON CHEMICALLY MANUFACTURED CdS SAMPLES
Authors:   aVocational School of Health Services, İstanbul Okan University, Opticianry Program, 34959, İstanbul,Turkey, BAL I. , BAYKUL M. C. ,   Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26480, Eskişehir, Turkey, SARAÇ U. ,   Department of Science Education, Bartın University, 74100, Bartın, Turkey
Published: February 2023

In this paper, CdS samples were chemically coated onto glasses from an aqueous cadmium acetate solution. The resultant samples were analyzed depending on the solution temperature (ST) varied between 65 and 85 °C. Structural analysis confirmed that the ST plays a significant role on the crystallinity. A better crystallization was achieved at the ST of 80 °C. The direct optical band gaps were found to be in the range of 2.18 to 2.42 eV. The ST exhibited a remarkable influence on the surface morphology. Increasing ST from 65 to 80 °C significantly reduced the surface roughness and particle size. The sample chemically produced at the ST of 85 °C exhibited the highest surface roughness and the largest particle size. There was a good relationship between the energy band gap and the surface morphology. Further morphological analysis showed that the ST does not play a role on the surface texture. The highest crystallinity, the lowest surface roughness, the smallest particle size, the lowest band tail energy and the highest optical band gap (2.42 eV) were obtained for the sample manufactured at the ST of 80 °C, indicating that the optimum ST was 80 °C under the applied experimental conditions.
EFFECT OF Ga/Ge RATIONS ON THE STRUCTURE AND ELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF Ga–Ge–Sb–S–AgI SYSTEM
Authors:   Laboratory of Infrared Material and Devices, Advanced Technology Research Institute, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China, DONG P. ,   Faculty of Information Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China, JIAO Q. ,   Laboratory of Infrared Material and Devices, Advanced Technology Research Institute, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China,   Ningbo Institute of Oceanography, Ningbo 315832, China, ZHANG Y. ,   Laboratory of Infrared Material and Devices, Advanced Technology Research Institute, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China,   Faculty of Information Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China, MA B. ,   Laboratory of Infrared Material and Devices, Advanced Technology Research Institute, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China,   Faculty of Information Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China, SHAN H. ,   Laboratory of Infrared Material and Devices, Advanced Technology Research Institute, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China,   Faculty of Information Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China, DAI S. ,   Laboratory of Infrared Material and Devices, Advanced Technology Research Institute, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China, XU T. ,   Laboratory of Infrared Material and Devices, Advanced Technology Research Institute, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China,   Faculty of Information Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China,   Ningbo Institute of Oceanography, Ningbo 315832, China
Published: February 2023

A novel of GaxGe(4-x)Sb64S128-40AgI glass system was prepared by melting quenching in the synthesis range of 0 ≤ x ≤ 4. The structure property, thermal behavior and electrical conductivity of the prepared glasses were investigated with the different Ge/Ga ratios. From the XRD pattern, there is no crystal precipitated from the sample material, and a slightly gallium element doping induced [GaS4] tetrahedral structure units and edge-shared [Ge(Ga)S(4−x)Ix] mixed structure facilitated the transport of ion channels. The glass conductivity overall increased with the addition of gallium content, glass with x=1 presented the highest conductivity of 9.18 × 10−6 S/cm at room temperature. These phenomenon and results offer a new thought to explore metal-doped sulfur solid electrolytes in batteries.
STUDIES ON STRUCTURAL, OPTICAL AND ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF Zn-DOPED PbS NANOCRYSTALLINE THIN FILM
Authors:   Department of Physics, Imphal College, Imphal-795001, India, AMIR HUSSAIN M. , RAJEN SINGH L. ,   Department of Physics, D.M. College of Science, Imphal-795001, India, RANIBALA DEVI S. ,   Department of Physics, Presidency College, Motbung-795107, India
Published: February 2023

The Zn-doped nanocrystalline lead Sulphide (PbS) thin films of different doping concentration are prepared by chemical bath deposition (CBD) technique. The thin films are deposited onto the glass substrates at pH value 10 and bath deposition temperature 318K. The X-ray diffraction revealed that the prepared films are polycrystalline in nature and calculated crystallites sizes decrease from 24nm to 15nm with increasing Zn- doping concentration. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that the films comprise of grains of spherical shape of unequal size and also observed that the small particles aggregate together to form a larger cluster. The optical properties are determined from UV- visible spectroscopy measurement in the range of 320nm to 900nm and calculated optical band gap is found in between 2.15eV to 2.21eV. The electrical conductivity of the prepared thin films is found to be in the order of 10-4Ω -1 cm-1 .
Yb/InSe/Sb2Te3/Au BROKEN GAP HETEROJUNCTION DEVICES DESIGNED AS CURRENT RECTIFIERS, TUNABLE MOS CAPACITORS AND GIGAHERTZ MICROWAVE CAVITIES
Authors:   Department of Physics, Collage of Science, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia, ALFHAID L. H. K. , QASRAWI A. F. ,   Department of Physics, Arab American University, Jenin, Palestine,   Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Istinye University, 34010, Istanbul, Turkey, ALGARNI S. E. ,   Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Published: February 2023

Herein, we report the design and experimental characterization of a broken gap heterojunction devices fabricated by vacuum evaporation of Yb/InSe/Sb2Te3/Au stacked layers. The structural characterizations of the stacked layers revealed an amorphous/polycrystalline heterojunction type. The measurements of capacitance-voltage characteristics in the frequency domain of 1.0-9.0 MHz displayed tunable metal-oxidesemiconductor (MOS) characteristics. The frequency dependent built-in voltage, depletion width, and free carrier density is also investigated. In addition, the analyses of currentvoltage characteristics have shown that the device displays highly stable current rectification ratios of ~103 above 0.20 V. Moreover, the ac signal analyses in the frequency domain of 10-1800 MHz have shown the possible tunability of the conductance and capacitance over a wide range of frequency. Furthermore, the microwave cutoff frequency spectra indicated increasing cutoff frequency limits with increasing incident signal frequency. The microwave cutoff frequency reached 7.1 GHz for a propagating signal of frequency of 1800 MHz.
TITANIUM ALUMINUM CARBIDE COATED D-SHAPED FIBER AS PASSIVE SATURABLE ABSORBER FOR NANOSECOND PULSES GENERATION
Authors:   Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, 43600, Selangor, Malaysia, MUHAMMAD A. R. , JAFRY A. A. A. ,   Foundation/Diploma, School of Pre-University Studies, Taylor’s College Lakeside Campus, No. 1, Jalan Taylor’s, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan., MARKOM A. M. ,   Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Cawangan Johor, Kampus Pasir Gudang, 81750 Johor, Malaysia, HARUN S. W. ,   Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, JUSOH Z. ,   Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA(Terengganu), 23000 Dungun, Terengganu, Malaysia, KASIM N. ,   Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia, YUPAPIN P. ,   Computational Optics Research Group, Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam,   Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Published: February 2023

The saturable absorber device based on the MAX phase titanium aluminum carbide (Ti3AlC2) deposited onto D-shaped fiber has successfully activated a pulsed laser at a center wavelength of 1557 nm. The elemental composition and vibrational modes of the saturable absorber were analyzed using energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy for chemical analysis and structure imaging. Strong saturable absorption of 2% and a non-saturable absorption of 49.2% at the 1.55-µm, confirmed its ability to generate pulses in the near-infrared wavelength spectrum. The nanosecond laser owns a pulse width of 146.7 ns, a repetition rate of 3.44 MHz, and a signal-to-noise ratio of 54.4 dB. By varying the laser diode pump from 35-90 mW, a stable short-pulsed laser was generated with the highest single pulse energy of 1.57 nJ, which corresponded to the output power of 5.4 mW. This demonstration shows the potential of MAX phase Ti3AlC2 as a saturable absorber in an all fiber-based laser cavity.
SPINE: High heterogeneity and no significant differences in clinical outcomes of endoscopic foraminotomy vs fusion for lumbar foraminal stenosis: a meta-analysis
Authors: Vande Kerckhove Michiel , d'Astorg Henri , Ramos-Pascual Sonia , Saffarini Mo , Fiere Vincent , Szadkowski Marc
Published: February 2023

Objective

This study aimed to systematically review the literature for comparative and non-comparative studies reporting on clinical outcomes of patients with lumbar foraminal stenosis treated by either endoscopic foraminotomy or fusion.

Methods

In adherence with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, a literature search was done on January 17, 2022, using Medline and Embase. Clinical studies were eligible if they reported outcomes following fusion or endoscopic foraminotomy, in patients with primary lumbar foraminal stenosis. Two independent reviewers screened titles, abstracts, and full-texts to determine eligibility; performed data extraction; and assessed the quality of eligible studies according to the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist.

Results

The search returned 827 records; 266 were duplicates, 538 were excluded after title/abstract/full-text screening, and 23 were eligible, with 16 case series reporting on endoscopic foraminotomy, 7 case series reporting on fusion, and no comparative studies. The JBI checklist indicated that 21 studies scored ≥4 points. When comparing endoscopic foraminotomy to fusion, pooled data revealed reduced operative time (69 vs 119 min, P < 0.01) but similar Oswestry disability index (19 vs 20, P = 0.67), lower back pain (2 vs 2, P = 0.11), leg pain (2 vs 2, P = 0.15), complication rates (10% vs 5%, P = 0.22), and reoperation rates (5% vs 0%, P = 0.16). The proportions of patients with good/excellent MacNab criteria were similar for endoscopic foraminotomy and fusion (82–91% vs 85–91%).

Conclusions

There were high heterogeneity and no significant differences in clinical outcomes, complication rates, and reoperation rates between endoscopic foraminotomy and fusion for the treatment of lumbar foraminal stenosis; although endoscopic foraminotomy has reduced operative time.
3D genomic organization in cancers
Authors: Wang Junting , Tao Huan , Li Hao , Bo Xiaochen , Chen Hebing
Published: February 2023

Background

The hierarchical three‐dimensional (3D) architectures of chromatin play an important role in fundamental biological processes, such as cell differentiation, cellular senescence, and transcriptional regulation. Aberrant chromatin 3D structural alterations often present in human diseases and even cancers, but their underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Results

3D chromatin structures (chromatin compartment A/B, topologically associated domains, and enhancer‐promoter interactions) play key roles in cancer development, metastasis, and drug resistance. Bioinformatics techniques based on machine learning and deep learning have shown great potential in the study of 3D cancer genome.

Conclusion

Current advances in the study of the 3D cancer genome have expanded our understanding of the mechanisms underlying tumorigenesis and development. It will provide new insights into precise diagnosis and personalized treatment for cancers.
Social Media-based Parenting Program for Women With Postpartum Depressive Symptoms: An RCT
Authors: Guevara James P. , Morales Knashawn , Mandell David , Mogul Marjie , Charidah Talia , Luethke Michael , Min Jungwon , Clark Roseanne , Betancourt Laura , Boyd Rhonda
Published: February 2023

OBJECTIVES

To test effects of a social media-based parenting program for mothers with postpartum depressive symptoms.

METHODS

We conducted a randomized controlled trial from December 2019 to August 2021 of a parenting program using Facebook. Women with mild-to-moderate depressive symptoms (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale [EPDS] 10–19) were randomized to the program, plus online depression treatment or depression treatment alone for 3 months. Women completed the EPDS monthly and the Parent–Child Early Relational Assessment, Parenting Stress Index-Short Form, and Parenting Sense of Competence pre- and postintervention. Differences among groups were assessed using intention-to-treat analysis.

RESULTS

Seventy-five women enrolled and 66 (88%) completed the study. Participants were predominantly Black (69%), single (57%), with incomes <$55 000 (68%). The parenting group reported a more rapid decline in depressive symptoms than the comparison group (adjusted EPDS difference, −2.9; 95% confidence interval, −4.8 to −1.0 at 1 month). There were no significant group X time interactions for the Parent–Child Early Relational Assessment, Parenting Stress Index-Short Form, or Parenting Sense of Competence scores. Forty-one percent of women sought mental health treatment for worsening symptoms or suicidality. Women in the parenting group who exhibited greater engagement or reported mental health treatment had greater parenting responsiveness.

CONCLUSIONS

A social media-based parenting program led to more rapid declines in depressive symptoms but no differences in responsive parenting, parenting stress, or parenting competence relative to a comparison group. Social media can provide parenting support for women with postpartum depressive symptoms, but greater attention to engagement and treatment access are needed to improve parenting outcomes.
The Burgers equation driven by a stochastic measure
Authors: Radchenko Vadym
Published: February 2023

The class of one-dimensional equations driven by a stochastic measure μ is studied. For μ only σ-additivity in probability is assumed. This class of equations includes the Burgers equation and the heat equation. The existence and uniqueness of the solution are proved, and the averaging principle for the equation is studied.
A STOP-BANG kérdőív hatékonysága a benignus horkolás és az enyhe obstruktív alvási apnoe kiszűrésében
Authors: Galántai Dorina , Benedek Pálma , Horváth Tamás
Published: February 2023

Bevezetés: Az alvásfüggő légzészavarok arany standard
diagnosztikus eszköze a poliszomnográfia. A respiratorikus pulzoximetria
alkalmazható szűrővizsgálatként, előszűrés céljából pedig számos kérdőív áll
rendelkezésünkre az obstruktív alvási apnoe rizikójának felmérésére. A STOP-BANG
kérdőív egyszerűen használható, és irodalmi adatok alapján jó hatásfokú.
Célkitűzés: A STOP-BANG kérdőív hatékonyságának vizsgálata
a benignus horkolók és az enyhe obstruktív alvási apnoe betegségben szenvedők
kiszűrésére. Módszer: Retrospektív módon feldolgoztuk az
osztályunkon 2021. 06. 20. és 2022. 03. 19. között alvásfüggő légzészavar
gyanúja miatt vizsgált betegek adatait. Kórlapelemzés alapján utólagosan
STOP-BANG-rizikót állapítottunk meg, melyet összevetettünk a respiratorikus
pulzoximetria leletével. Mivel a kérdőív elemei közül egyedül a horkolás
erősségét nem ismertük, az elemzést a hangos horkolás vonatkozásában pozitív és
negatív eredménnyel is elvégeztük. Szenzitivitást, specificitást, pozitív,
illetve negatív prediktív értékeket határoztunk meg.
Eredmények: 36 beteg adatait dolgoztuk fel, 1 betegünk
vizsgálata kétszer történt meg testsúlyvesztés miatt. A respiratorikus
pulzoximetria 19 beteg esetében igazolt benignus horkolást, 9-nél enyhe, 4-nél
középsúlyos, 5-nél súlyos obstruktív alvási apnoét. A hangos horkolás
kritériumát pozitívnak feltételezve, a habituális horkoló és az enyhe obstruktív
alvási apnoés betegeket egészségesnek véve, a STOP-BANG kérdőívre vonatkoztatott
szenzitivitás 100%-nak, a specificitás 21%-nak, a pozitív prediktív érték
29%-nak, a negatív prediktív érték 100%-nak igazolódott. Hangos horkolást nem
feltételezve, a szenzitivitás 100%-os, a specificitás 54%-os, a pozitív
prediktív érték 41%-os, a negatív prediktív érték 100%-os eredményt adott.
Következtetés: A STOP-BANG kérdőív hatékony, az
alapellátásban is alkalmazható eszköz a benignus horkolók és az enyhe obstruktív
alvási apnoés betegek kiszűrésére. Bevezetésével csökkenthetjük a felesleges
eszközös vizsgálatok számát, és jelentősen lerövidíthetjük a magas rizikójú
betegek várakozási idejét az alvásvizsgálatokra. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(7):
265–272.
Restoring the Chain of Memory: T.G.H. Strehlow and the Repatriation of Australian Indigenous Knowledge
Authors: Cox James L.
Published: February 2023

Restoring the Chain of Memory describes and analyses the writings and records compiled by the notable linguist, T.G.H. Strehlow (1908–1978), on Australian Aboriginal Religions, particularly as practised by the Arrernte of Central Australia. During numerous research trips between 1932 and 1966, the local Indigenous Arrernte Elders entrusted him with sacred objects, allowed him to film their secret rituals and record their songs, partly because he was regarded as one of them, an ‘insider’, who they believed would help preserve their ancient traditions in the face of threats posed by outside forces. Strehlow characterized Arrernte society as ‘personal monototemism in a polytotemic community’. This concept provides an important insight into understanding how Arrernte society was traditionally organized and how the societal structure was re-enforced by carefully organized rituals. Strehlow’s research into this complex societal system is here examined both in terms of its meaning and current application and with reference to how the societal structure traditionally was interwoven into religious understandings of the world. It exemplifies precisely how the ‘insider-outsider’ problem is embodied in one individual: he was accepted by the Arrernte people as an insider who used this knowledge to interpret Arrernte culture for non-Indigenous audiences (outsiders). This volume documents how Strehlow’s works are contributing to the current repatriation by Australian Aboriginal leaders of rituals, ancient songs, meanings associated with sacred objects and genealogies, much of which by the 1950s had been lost through the processes of colonization, missionary influences and Australian governmental interference in the lives of Indigenous societies.
Działania rad młodzieżowych miast wojewódzkich w Polsce w obliczu kryzysu migracyjnego i wojny na Ukrainie
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska, Boratyn Dominik
Published: February 2023

The article is a part of a publication series on the functioning of youth councils working with local government units. This publication analyses the involvement of youth councils in humanitarian assistance to refugees from Ukraine due to the Russian Federation's invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. Furthermore, the article presents reasons for the conflict between both countries and provides an overview of different ventures taken by youth councils in Poland.
Modele procesu decyzyjnego w systemowej analizie decyzyjnej
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska, Kotarba Bogusław
Published: February 2023

Political decisions are an important factor shaping social reality. Since their consequences concern not only decision-makers, but, above all, individuals and social groups who are their addressees, studying them is important not only in the context of theoretical but also practical goals. One of the methods of researching political decision-making is decision analysis. In the article, which is a review, based on the literature on the subject, selected models of the decision-making process are characterized in terms of a system – an important stage of decision-making. The focus was on the following models: rational, incremental, bureaucratic (organizational) and activity within the program community.
Międzynarodowe dostawy uzbrojenia i sprzętu wojskowego dla Ukrainy po inwazji dokonanej przez Federację Rosyjską w 2022 roku
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska, Machniak Arkadiusz
Published: February 2023

Russia's attack on Ukraine provoked a reaction from Western states, which jointly pledged to provide aid to the fighting Ukraine. The attitude of Western countries is very important in terms of Ukraine's independence. Military support, despite its large scale, is probably insufficient for Ukraine. Ukraine's Armed Forces are now completely dependent on the supply of weapons, military equipment and other materials from Western countries. The Ukrainian army can successfully compete with the Russian army only thanks to such help and military support. After the aggression by Russia, military support in the form of supplies of weapons, equipment, ammunition and supplies for Ukraine was provided by individual EU countries and countries outside the European continent.
Ilościowa i jakościowa analiza równości w programach zwycięskich ugrupowań w wyborach do Sejmu RP w 2019 roku
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska, Maj Przemysław
Published: February 2023

The object of this article is to analyse the presence of the metavalue of equality in the agendas of the political parties that brought representatives to the Polish Parliament as a result of the 2019 elections. The aim is to determine the attitude of these groupings towards equality. The article has a parallel methodological aim, which is to demonstrate the possibility (and, at the same time, the necessity) of studying political values both quantitatively and qualitatively. This seems important in political science analysis, as establishing the attitudes of a given party towards values facilitates the positioning of that entity within party families or existing ideologies. The theoretical basis of the article is the circular metavalue model, supporting the analysis of the axiological layer in politics.
W świecie birmańskiego terroryzmu religijnego
Authors:   Towarzystwo Azji i Pacyfiku, Toruń, Polska, Pietrasik Kamil
Published: February 2023

The text focuses on the discussion of religious terrorism by the Buddhist majority against the Muslim minority, which has been a discriminated group for many years. The precursor to today's Burmese fundamentalism is the clergyman, Saydaw Wirathu. Wirathu calls himself Burmese bin Laden.
Criterion for assessing the causes of road accidents according to a specific age group of drivers in Poland based on road incidents occurred in 2020
Authors:   Komenda Wojewódzka Policji w Rzeszowie, Polska, Podgórska Agnieszka , Rajchel Jan ,   Uniwersytet Humanistyczno-Przyrodniczy w Siedlcach, Polska, Kępa Paweł ,   Politechnika Rzeszowska im. I. Łukasiewicza, Polska
Published: February 2023

This research analyses the main causal factors that lead to road accidents. Particular focus has been on the demographics of drivers and in particular on the age group given that younger drivers account for the highest number of road safety-related incident/ accidents and fatalities. Other factors impacting road safety include the adequacy of the national driver training system, legislative requirements and organisational solutions for ensuring road safety. Behavioural and characteristics of drivers are considered as part of the causal analysis.