bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
About Discretization of the Horizontal Drill-String Model with Uncertainty on the Frictional Force by the Lumped Parameters Method
Authors: Khajiyeva Lelya , Sergaliyev Almaz
Published: October 2014

The dynamics of the horizontal drill string considering frictional forces between the column and the borehole is investigated. A model of longitudinal vibrations of columns proposed in T.G. Ritto et al. is considered. The investigated model has a nonlinear character, and is modelled by the lumped parameters method. The drill-string is discretized with 100 nodes of lumped masses. Displacement of the bit, bit speed and also the ratio between the output power (obtained from the bit-rock interaction) and the input power is defined by the authors. The frictional force between the column and the borehole is relevant and uncertain. The frictional coefficient is modelled as a random field with exponential autocorrelation function. The obtained results are qualitatively and quantitatively consistent with the results of Ritto, where the dynamic model calculations are carried out by the finite element method.
PID and LQR Control for Two-Wheeled Vehicles with Hand Sensors
Authors: Li Dian Rong , Leu Yih Guang , Wen Yan Hou
Published: October 2014

This paper studies the control of a two-wheeled vehicle which is similar to an inverted pendulum system and has hand sensors to make right and left turns. Because the two-wheeled vehicle is unstable and its load is uncertain, PID and LQR controllers are used to stabilize the uncertain and unstable plant. Moreover, the two controllers can make it move forwards and backwards, and turn left and right. The two controllers are implemented into a microcontroller, and the microcontroller outputs appropriate control signals to drive the two-wheeled vehicle according to the three-axis accelerometer and gyroscope sensors. Finally, we verify the controllers' efficiency and compare the difference between above two controllers.
A Leakproof Secret Sharing Scheme Based on Environment Sensing
Authors: Qin Hua Wang , Zhu Xiao Hua , Dai Yue Wei
Published: October 2014

A leakproof secret sharing scheme based on environment sensing is proposed, in which the shadows of participants and the shared secret are leakproof, and can be used repeatedly. The counterfeit shadows of the participants and the authentication information of the shared secret can be changed dynamically basing on environment sensing. So the scheme is secure even against a mobile adversary. Besides, through introducing the concept of adversary structure and the transformation of access structure to adversary structure, the secret sharing on general access structure is realized. Compared to the existing schemes, our scheme is more secure and more flexible in practice. Our scheme is particularly suitable for the system which needs to run long time in the open, such as the wireless sensor network and the multi-robots, the property of leakproof based on environment sensing can improve the efficiency and security of these systems effectively.
Key Management in Wireless Sensor Networks: Development and Challenges
Authors: Zhang Xin Yang , Wang Ji Dong
Published: October 2014

In wireless sensor network (WSN) security, key management is a big challenge issue as it forms the basic security structure of the networks. Various WSN key management schemes proposed so far attempt to satisfy the security, efficiency and operation requirements under the resource constrain of WSN. In this paper, the constraints of WSN and requirements of key management are discussed. Several key management schemes are presented, analyzed and classified. Finally, some unresolved issues and future works on these schemes are identified. The discussion focuses on efficiency, fault tolerant, influence reduction, dynamic management and cross-layer security.
A Proposed Architecture for Instrumentation Cloud
Authors: He Heng Jing , Zhao Wei , Huang Song Ling
Published: October 2014

Remote instrumentation and measurement has always been an attractive area to researchers. Studies on grid-enabled instrumentation system have turned many instruments into resources similar to the computing and storage element. However, the advent of cloud computing further inspires the idea of instrumentation service provision rather than resources. Upon this philosophy, this paper proposes an architecture for instrumentation cloud aiming at guiding the development of the unified platform for remote instrumentation resources management and service provision. The design of the architecture is based on the analysis of requirements for future remote instrumentation system. Then, the use case and related activities of the instrumentation cloud system are derived. The detailed architecture and related function modules are designed according to previous system modeling. Finally a discussion is presented to analyze the potential problems that may encounter in developing the instrumentation cloud. However, most of them are just technique issues and can be solved once technology improves. The proposed architecture is a good guide for future development of on-cloud instrumentation system.
Rule Extraction Based on Interval-Valued Rough Fuzzy Sets
Authors: Qin Hua Ni , Luo Da Rong
Published: October 2014

A model of interval-valued rough fuzzy set combining interval-valued fuzzy set and rough set is investigated in this paper. Firstly, considering the deficiency of general sorting method between any interval-valued fuzzy numbers, an improved sorting method and a pair of new approximation operators about minimum and maximum are presented. Based on the improved operators, a model of interval-valued rough fuzzy set is established. At last, by using the modified model of interval-valued rough fuzzy set, a method of knowledge discovery in interval-valued fuzzy information systems is investigated.
The Application of Image Entropy in the Recognition of Free Fluid Spread Motion
Authors: Chen Ning , Yang Shu Sen , Xu Hui Ze
Published: October 2014

In this paper, we introduce the image entropy value into the image pattern recognition of movement, to distinguish the differences between solid movement and diffusion movement. Through the theoretical analysis of the fluid free diffusion movement, the characteristics of the movement were summed up, and the effect of the movement on images was studied. Through simulation and calculation of different movement, their effects on image entropy’s variation were summarized. Finally, through experiments, the image entropy’s variation in practical application was explored, and the results were analyzed. The result turns out to be positive.
The Collaborative Exploitation of Vehicle Electrical and Electronic
Authors: Liu Yong , Zheng Jie , Cao Jun
Published: October 2014

Through analyzing the vehicle electrical and electronic systems exploitation and challenges, we propose a solutions for complex electrical and electronic systems from the efficiently collaborative exploitation environment、the standardized architecture and the layered aspects of the exploitation process. Finally, we carried on an outlook for the technologies which are in collaborative exploitation of the vehicle electrical and electronic systems in future.
Research on the Simulation Technology of Virtual Hand Interventional Manipulation in the Virtual Environment
Authors: Chen Ning , Li Wen Wen , Nie Lei Xin , Liu Wei , Wang Zhi Min
Published: October 2014

In order to improve the authenticity of human-computer interaction in the virtual scene, the data glove is used. Aimed at this sensor input device for the characteristic of multiple-joints, the collection and calibration method of original data are discussed. By analyzing the movement characteristics of human hand, mapping from human hand to virtual hand is accomplished. By embedding OSG in MFC, with the intersect vector method and map projection method, invoking the 3D ship engine room and interactive effect of people roaming in the scene are reached. And at last, by using the data glove, the interventional manipulation of virtual objects in the virtual scene is implemented.
Study on the Optimal Image Resolution for Image Segmentation
Authors: Tian Yan , Ruan Chong Wu , Sui Chen Hong
Published: October 2014

Resolution is one of the basic and key indexes on assessing the quality of remote sensing image. However, it can not be concluded that the higher the image resolution, the better the segmentation result, since high resolution image contains not only more details of interested object, but also more redundant information of background which causes much difficulty on image segmentation and target recognition. To determine an optimal image resolution for image segmentation, an image pyramid with resolution continuously changing is built by down sampling and super-resolution techniques at first, and then an index called degree of image segmentation is presented based on the image histogram. Degree of image segmentation is a hybrid index which is designed based on integrating the area and symmetry of the valley of the image histogram. At last the optimal image resolution is determined by seeking the maximum value of degree of image segmentation from the images with different resolutions contained in the image pyramid. The experimental results illustrate that degree of image segmentation is directly related with the result of segmentation, and the degree of image segmentation presented in this paper is a good index to describe how well an image can be segmented in the viewpoint of quantitative and qualitative assessing.
Fabrication of Artificial Periodic Defects in Colloidal Photonic Crystals by Photolithography
Authors: Zhao Yong Qiang , Zhi Yu Song , Li Chao Rong , Zhang Xiao Bo
Published: October 2014

We introduce artificial periodic defects with required size in colloidal photonic crystals by a simple and inexpensive photolithography. The morphology of colloidal photonic crystals with defects is observed by field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM) and optical properties by UV-VIS spectra. We find that the periodic photoresist strips will cause a blue shift and the shift value depends on the the size of periodic photoresist strips.
Studies on the Mechanical Performance of Long Span Continuous Rigid Frame Bridge under the Influences of Different Curvature Radius
Authors: Feng Jiang Xiao , Dong Jun , Liang Tian
Published: October 2014

The effect of curvature radius on the mechanical properties of continuous rigid frame bridge with high pier and long span is studied in this paper. Taking the Wayaobao Bridge as the research object, the models including both of the linear rigid frame bridge and the different radius of curvature rigid frame bridge are established by using the finite element software MIDAS/Civil, and the mechanical properties of the finished stage are analyzed, and the influence of the radius of curvature on the deformation and internal force of continuous rigid frame bridge are researched. The alteration in curvature radius almost had no influence on the bridge vertical displacement, vertical bending moment. The tangential displacement gradually become smaller, but little change with the decrease of bridge’s curvature radius.The radial displacement, transverse bending moment, torque of the bridge increased with the decrease of bridge’s curvature radius.The force and deformation of the bridge structure are more unfavorable with the decrease of bridge's curvature radius. The study can provide some suggestions for design and construction control of curved frame bridge.
Impact Analysis of Tower Number on Automotive Live Load Effect in Suspension Bridge
Authors: Qi Zhi Gang , Dong Jun , Yao Bo Qiang
Published: October 2014

As a bridge with a large span, suspension bridge has obvious advantage in the current cross-sea engineering. In order to achieve longer span capacity, long-span multi-tower suspension bridge programs were repeatedly proposed. Due to the increase in the number of tower, the mechanical behavior would be inevitably different with the ordinary two-tower suspension bridge. For better grasp the difference of the mechanical properties, Midas civil 2011 is used to model to analyze. Suspension bridge models whose spans are 1080m with different towers (two, three, four, five, six,) are established to analyze the change in the mechanical properties under the action of vehicle load. The results show that the mechanical properties of multi-tower suspension bridge are quietly different from two-tower suspension bridge and with the increase in the number of bridge tower, the displacements of main girder and main tower have large difference. When the number of tower is more than or equal to four, multi-tower suspension bridges have little difference in the mechanical properties and that means multi-tower effect is not obvious.
Numerical Analysis of Aluminium Cellular Beams with Cells of Different Diameters
Authors: Derlatka Anna , Kasza Przemysław
Published: October 2014

The paper presents a numerical analysis of aluminium cellular beams. The ADINA System based on the Finite Element Method (FEM) is used for the calculations. The beams made of 6061-T6 aluminium alloy are analysed. Such beams are used in civil engineering and aircrafts industry as the load-bearing parts. The beam components are joined by Refill Friction Stir Spot Welding (RFSSW). The I-profile beams with cells of different diameters, i.e. 62, 72 and 82 mm, in the webs are analysed. In each case, cell arrangement in the beam is the same. The bending of the fixed-end beams with concentrated load is analysed. Extreme values of the displacement for the beams material and RFSSW joints are emphasized. The effective stresses for the beams and FSSW joints are calculated. Normal stresses in the top flanges, bottom flanges and webs are given.
Modeling of Wave Propagation in the ADINA Software for Simple Elastic Structures
Authors: Major Izabela , Major Maciej
Published: October 2014

The paper presents the waves propagation (disturbances) in the simple elastic structures aided by ADINA program. Modeling of the waves was performed in a rod and the elastic layer. The elastic structures being analyzed have been made of isotropic compressible and incompressible materials which represent hyperelastic materials, i.e. with a strictly defined elastic potential description. Conclusions are presented in the summary at the end of the study.
Spectral Emissivity of Roof Membranes and Vapor Barriers
Authors: Čekon Miroslav , Ingeli Rastislav
Published: October 2014

Optical parameters become to the features that are currently taken into account more frequently. There are various reasons of dealing with those parameters. Some of them are due to thermal calculation purposes while the other one are trying to consider low-emissivity functions of various innovative building materials. The paper is focused on spectral emissivity analysis of roof membranes and vapor barriers especially that are applied in sloped roofs and walls with air ventilated cavity. The spectral emissivity in the longwave radiation region was assessed by laboratory method of an infrared spectroscopy. The results present courses of spectral nature as well as its transformation into weighted values. As a result the final comparison demonstrates facts of aiming to point out the possibility of receiving any benefit for thermal aspects purpose.
Measurement Processes and Destructive Testing of Fiber Concrete Foundation Slab Pattern
Authors: Mynarčík Petr
Published: October 2014

The main theme of this article is a measurement processes description and the results of experimental destructive test of the fiber concrete foundation slab pattern. The purpose of this research was to make a behavior analysis of the fiber concrete foundation slab pattern focused on the interaction between foundation slab and the subsoil. This experiment was realized on model of real construction, especially - the National Supercomputing Center IT4 Innovations - significant construction built in campus of VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava.
Experimental Testing the Interaction of Fiber-Concrete Foundation Slab and Subsoil and Compare the Results with Numerical Models
Authors: Buchta Vojtech
Published: October 2014

We solve interaction between the foundation base and the subsoil in civil engineering quite often. For the determination of stress in foundation structure is needed to determine the influence of the stiffness respectively pliability of subsoil to structural internal forces, and vice versa, how the stiffness of the foundation structure affects the resulting subsidence. It is necessary to compare the mathematical models with the actual behavior of the real structure. In 2013 was realised static load on testing equipment in the campus of Faculty of Civil Engineering, VSB–TU Ostrava. Dimensions of test element was 2000 x 2000 x 170 mm and the concrete slab was reinforced with steel fiber type DRAMIX 3D 65/60B6. During measurements were performed and recorded: tensometrical measurement on the surface of the slab, tensometrical measurement inside the slab, measuring the vertical load, measurement of the vertical deformation, measuring the stress on the interface of the slab and soil. Were also developed numerical models of this test in program Nexis. Comparison the test results with numerical models are presented in this paper. [1,9]
The Split's Spread in the Section of Dangerous Structure
Authors: Ter-Petrosyan Gevorg V.
Published: October 2014

The calculation of the structure's hardness is of special importance in calculation of possibility of existing splits' distribution in account of ensuring the reliability of the problem's solution. It is known that the structure's crumbly deterioration is dangerous not only for its unexpectedness but also because it takes place in the conditions of operating voltages of such magnitude, which are obviously smaller than the calculating ones. This means that the actual supply of structure's hardness, which is defined by the usual calculating methods of hardness, without taking into account the existence of splits, will be significantly smaller than the provided. If the existence of splits are not taken into account, then the local overvoltage occurs around them and ultimately unprecedented crumbly deterioration of structure takes place. In the work the independence of magnitudes of splits' spread and the measure of length of splits existing in the flatness of the base of concrete gravitation dam having been built on hard basement is got. The problem is solved by variational method by application of minimum principle of theory of elasticity. The obtained results are compared with the obtained problems applicated by approximate formula. A range is found out where it is possible to get used of the application of comparatively easy and considerably reliable methods of giving good results in sections.
A Torsion Problem of a Prismatic Rod Composed of Two Orthotropic Materials
Authors: Yedoyan Vardges
Published: October 2014

A rod composed of two different prismatic rods built-up with rectilinear orthotropic materials is studied. Composite parts of the prismatic rods are connected entirely by their common surface. The anisotropy axis is perpendicular to the cross-section plane. The problem has been solved in Cartesian coordinate system. The functions of stresses are presented by the sums of solutions corresponding to positive eigenvalues of homogeneous boundary problems and partial solutions of inhomogeneous boundary problems. From condition of existence of the non-trivial solution of the homogeneous boundary problem an equation in respect to eigenvalues is derived of which roots are real and different. If there are roots in (0; 1) interval, then the stresses tend to infinity at the vertex of the cross-section of the composite rod have a feature with the order equal to where - is the smallest root in the interval (0, 1).
Longitudinal Shear of a Compound Elastic Half-Space Weakened by Cracks
Authors: Aghayan Karo L. , Grigoryan Edvard Kh. , Zakaryan Vahan G.
Published: October 2014

The problem of fracture mechanics concerning contact interaction between elastic infinite plate and elastic compound semi–space is investigated. Plate and semi–space are weakened by finite through cracks, which are perpendicular to surface of heterogeneity in the same plane. Assuming that structure is deformed in antiplane deformation state it is required to determine the contact stress distribution and fracture stress intensity factors dependence of structure heterogeneity and geometrical parameters. Using the Fourier integral transform the problem is reduced to find the solutions of system of two singular integral equations. System solutions behavior at integration domain endpoints is investigated for all cases. In some special cases of cracks location, equations kernels can also contain fixed singularities. An efficient numerical method to solve such equations is suggested. Numerical calculations are done and results are shown in tables and graphs, which express contact stresses and stress intensity factors dependence on problem parameters and simultaneously reveal dangerous cases of fracture of the structure.
Experimental Research on Strength of GFRP Bars in Shield Engineering
Authors: Liu Jun , Zhou Hong , Yuan Hai Jun , Li Jing Fan
Published: October 2014

Subway stations or shield wells are often built using steel reinforced concrete supporting structure materials. These concrete retaining structure materials must be destroyed before launching and receiving of shield, so, some security risks may arise during destroying, and time limit for project may be longer, and the structure strength may be weakened; there are the same problems in crossing the existing subsidiary structure. In the supporting structure, concrete supporting structure materials have been partially substituted by GFRP bars in shield engineering in the world. In order to study the mechanical properties of GFRP bars deeply, experimental research on strength of GFRP bars have been made, and some relation shapes between stress and shear strength have been discussed; all of these are expected to make some basis for the design of GFRP concrete in shield engineering.
Sliding Joints from Traditional Asphalt Belts
Authors: Smirakova Martina , Stara Marie , Mynarčík Petr
Published: October 2014

Problems with horizontal deformation in the subsoil are often solved for building on undermined areas not only in our region. There are many ways to solve this problem. The existing building can be draw together in total or stiffened belt can be carried out around the structure foundation. But the best solution is that which is carried out beforehand. One of the methods which can be applied beforehand is using of sliding joint with using of rheological properties of asphalt. The basic principle of this method lies on application an asphalt belts or another material between foundation and subsoil. It is also created concrete base layer between sliding layer and subsoil to ensure base flatness and to protect of sliding layer material. The type of material is important for correct function of sliding joint and there are very often used the rheological properties of traditional asphalt belts. The laboratory tests are carried out at the Faculty of Civil Engineering VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava to verify their rheological behavior at different loads and different temperatures. Following the test there is the effort to use of obtained values to other calculations and there is effort to contribute to innovation of currently method of design which is based on old materials from the 80th. The principle and the results from the laboratory test as well as current conclusions will be presented in this paper.
Design and Evaluation of a Subterranean Work Lining from Layers of Shotcrete and Steel Arch
Authors: Vojtasik Karel , Hrubesova Eva , Mohyla Marek , Duris Lukáš
Published: October 2014

A steel concrete lining is today the common ground massive retaining structure implemented shortly after the excavation of an opening. The constituent elements of the steel concrete lining are layers of shotcrete and steel arch frames. This simple structure has many unique features which set it apart from the conventional reinforced concrete constructions. Without simplification these features doesn’t allow to carry out design and evaluation of steel concrete lining by relevant design and evaluation methods convenient to the conventional reinforced concrete constructions. The main differences are construction process, yielding curve of structure and determination of external load. In the case of a steel concrete lining its external load is product of mutual work of both the ground massive and the lining. The value of load depends on the yielding curves of the lining and the ground massive. The yielding curve of a ground massive is objective and conditioned on strength strain properties of ground massive and primary stress state. The yielding curve of a steel concrete lining relates lining design specification. The process of construction affects the value of load too. The article analyzes the steel concrete lining focusing the influence of lining design parameters on its yielding curve. It looks for a way to control the ground massive behavior and as well as to engage it more in an effort with lining to stabilize subterranean work. The themes of the analysis are: static and deformation parameters of the cross-section of the steel concrete lining with regard to the construction stage and dependency of hardening shotcrete; interaction between of steel concrete lining and ground massive based on yielding curves; assessment of a stress state across the steel concrete lining section in the steel concrete lining constituent elements. The analysis is carried out on mathematical models that combine analytical and numerical methods.
Round Timber Bolted Joints Reinforcement Methods
Authors: Klajmonová Kristýna , Lokaj Antonín
Published: October 2014

This paper presents the results of static tests of non-reinforced and reinforced round timber bolted joints with slotted-in steel plates. In this article, a new approach to the reinforcement of round timber bolted joints is presented. Based on results from tension tests of timber bolted joint samples, reinforcement methods were proposed. From these, modified washers and boost with screws were chosen for further tension testing. Results were compared to unreinforced ones and rate of improvement established.
On Steady-State Filtration of Fluid in Strip-Like and Wedge-Shaped Porous Ground Bases
Authors: Mkhitaryan Suren M. , Tokmajyan H.V. , Avetisyan S.A. , Grigoryan M.S.
Published: October 2014

In statement of the steady-state filtration theory and within the framework of the Darcy`s law plane boundary value problems for the strip-like and wedge-shaped porous ground base are considered when through some system of segments on one face of the base the fluid with a certain vertical velocity or with a certain pressure is injected inside the base. These solutions are reduced to integral equations by means of integral transforms.
Static Ensuring of Sacral Building of Mining Areas
Authors: Solař Jaroslav
Published: October 2014

The statical securing of the building, where is situated on the mining area from the effect of hlubinného dobývání showes number strangeness. In addition to that, on top of The article deals with the issue of rehabilitation of statically substantial failures of churches and its static measures against future effects of undermining.template.
Investigations of the Ground Settlements of a Subway Station Constructed by the Method of Burning Shallow and Dig Invisible of Tunnel Construction
Authors: Liu De Hua , Dong Jun , Song Wen Jie
Published: October 2014

Based on the practical engineering of the subway station constructed by shallow tunnel, according to the site monitoring data, it is concluded the regular pattern of ground settlement that constructed in CRD method. The longitudinal ground settlement curve affected by the spacing between step 1 and step 3 obviously, there are 5 phases in the curve: the first slow growth phase, the first rapid growth phase, the second slow growth phase, the second rapid growth phase and the stable phase; Although the time of the two rapid growth phases is short, the proportion of the ground settlement in these phases is about 65%-85% of the total ground settlement; it also can be known that basing on the practical monitoring curve, the zone of longitudinal ground settlement is about D on the method of CRD. The lateral ground settlement curve in line with the Gaussian curve, the settlement formula could be calculated according to Peck formula, on the base of these, this paper mainly discusses the relationship between K which means settlement trough width parameter and H/D , the results shows that when H/D is about 1.2, the K is minimum.
Investigations of Influence of the Variation of Underground Water Levels to the Structural Performance of the Existed Subway Station
Authors: Song Wen Jie , Dong Jun , Liu De Hua
Published: October 2014

Based on the engineering background of Beijing unban groundwater levels rebounded, the stress behavior of subway station structure under cases of the groundwater in different water levels from the view of numerical mechanical models is researched in this paper and the working condition of this paper is the actual engineering of the Beijing subway line 10. The results demonstrate different underground water levels could lead to obvious vertical displacements, plastic changes of surrounding soil sand the groundwater level upturn obviously within a certain range make the underground structures deform and float overall. Some conclusions are important references for the further improvements of the design and construction of underground structures, reinforcement of existing substructures.
The Effect of Structure Bury Depth on Dynamic Response of Underground Tunnel under Longitudinal Shearing Seismic Action
Authors: Xu Ying Qian , Qi Cheng Zhi , Chen Guo Xing
Published: October 2014

In the present paper the model of beam on Winkler-type elastic foundation is used to model the underground tunnel. The soil displacement (mm)-stress (kpa) curve (p-s curve) is approximated in the form of hyperbolic type function by fitting the existing experimental data and then equivalent linear type of nonlinear bedding coefficient of foundation is derived from the fitting curve. Substitute the equivalent coefficient into the vibration equation of beam on Winkler-type elastic foundation, and we may assess the nonlinear effect of soil. Based on the hypothesis of large distance to earthquake source, Rayleigh wave is used to simulate the longitudinal shearing seismic wave. According to the amplitude attenuation law of Rayleigh wave in elastic half place, the effect of structure bury depth on dynamic response of underground tunnel is considered and the conception of critical bury depth is put forward. Finally the vibration differential equation of beam on Winkler-type elastic foundation is solved by using Matlab software, and the dynamic response of underground tunnel at different structure bury depth are compared. The results may provide a reference for practical engineering.
The Present and the Future of Polystyrene Foam in Construction
Authors: Pasek Jan , Vörös Frantisek
Published: October 2014

Chain of the life cycle of construction expanded polystyrene (production – construction application – liquidation after the end of the life cycle) is connected with significant energy consumption, consumption of oil, and production of considerable volume of construction and demolition waste. A sustained effort has been applied to increase effectiveness and to reduce the ecology waste from this process. Tools of this effort are the market mechanisms and legislation in the area of environmental issues and also the societal changes. Their consequences are especially the changes in structure of polystyrene producers and their production technologies, changes in composition of polystyrene and modification of procedures for handling the construction and demolition waste.
Seismic Response of Underground Structure under Vertical Seismic Excitation
Authors: Qi Cheng Zhi , Liu Xu , Li Guo Hua , Pan Deng , Luo Jian
Published: October 2014

Seismic response of shallowly buried underground under vertical seismic excitation is studied. In order to simplify the analysis two steps are adopted in the analysis. In the first step structure is looked at as rigid body, and the dynamic response of the structure under vertical seismic excitation is obtained on the basis of soil-structure dynamic interaction analysis. In the second step at first the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the structure are obtained with consideration of the bending restraint of the side walls to roof slab, and then the dynamic response is determined by taking the dynamic response of rigid body in the first step as input, and furthermore the bending moment of roof slab is obtained. Key words: vertical seismic excitation, roof slab, soil-structure interaction, dynamic response
Prediction of the Erosive Processes in the Corridor of Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan Oil Pipeline and Development of Methods to Design the New Engineering Environmental Protection Measures
Authors: Gavardashvili Givi
Published: October 2014

The aim of the study is to identify the areas over the mountain slopes along the international Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan oil pipeline corridor highly sensitive to erosion, and to evaluate and predict them by considering the topographic, geological, hydrological, hydraulic and climatic factors of the mountain slope, which are the main determinant of water erosion. Aiming at alleviating the erosive processes in the oil pipeline corridor, the new structures of the resource-saving engineering measures of the environmental protective structures are proposed, with the priorities of their scientific-technical novelty evidenced by the relevant patents of Georgia and Russia. The methods to design bunds with the polyethylene bags filled with ground and secondary vehicle tires as anti-erosive measures are proposed.
Impacts of Floods on Wooden Structures and Elements in the Buildings
Authors: Pasek Jan , Frankl Jiri
Published: October 2014

As the floods have become more and more common phenomenon extend of damage on buildings has been increasing too. The wooden parts and constructions of buildings or the construction elements based on wood suffer the most serious consequences. Besides the traditional wooden constructions the modern constructions are more and more common in which wood is often accompanied and modified with other materials. Their behaviour might significantly differ from traditional wooden elements when flooded. This contribution focuses on analyses of the links having an influence on the extend and character of disruption of wooden structures and elements based on wood in buildings by influence of floodwater and its contaminants.
The Analysis of the Influence of Boundary Conditions on the Energy Performance of Houses
Authors: Kubenková Kateřina , Hrubá Barbora , Kraus Michal , Kubečková Darja
Published: October 2014

The analysis focuses on the influence of boundary conditions on the final energy intensity of selected groups of houses. The individual energy intensity will be set for the selected buildings. For these buildings, the standard boundary conditions will change (indoor air temperature). The deviation values of resulting energy consumption will be defined by statistical evaluation.
Comparison Thermal Conductivity and Cost of Materials Specified for Thermal Insulation of the Building's Facade
Authors: Šípková Veronika , Korbelova Sarka , Labudek Jiri
Published: October 2014

Situation on insulation market, not only in Czech Republic, is confused for the general public. This paper tries to streamline this fact. Here are described more than 30 types of thermal insulations divided into 6 categories. Each category is detailed described by physical parameters and each is sequentially selected about 5, which are most frequently using like thermal insulation of the building's façade, without air gap. Elementary parameters, which are most important from investors view, are finances. Like a basic reference value was chosen thermal conductivity of insulation and for economical compare was chosen uniform thickness insulation on building envelope 100 mm. On the basis of these two values are insulation chosen. In this paper are results clearly graphically compiled.From graphs it is clear, that most of thermal insulation's values of thermal conductivity are very similar, bud prices of insulations can be usually substantially different. From this is evident, that some of insulation are so popular, because their producer have excellent marketing and promotion.
Comparison of Experimental and Computational Characteristics of Selected Window
Authors: Janíková Mária , Ďurica Pavol , Ponechal Radoslav
Published: October 2014

The article brings new knowledge of the area of thermal and light characteristics of window constructions. The goal is comparison and subsequent evaluation of the measured thermal parameters and transmittance of solar radiation of three window constructions. These constructions are based on different material and different glass systems. They are designed for energy self-sufficient buildings. Assessed windows are placed in the Testing Laboratory of the Department of Building Engineering and Urban Planning, Faculty of civil engineering, University of Žilina. The laboratory is pavilion type and the windows are monitored throughout the whole year.
Dynamic Simulation of the Energy Performance of the Timber-Frame Passive House
Authors: Skotnicova Iveta , Galda Zdenek , Tymova Petra , Lausova Lenka
Published: October 2014

The aim of this article is analysis of energy performance of the timber-frame passive house. The analysis is made on the base of numerical simulation, analytical calculation and experimental measurement. Numerical simulation is solved by the Design Builder software which can determine thermal losses, thermal loads of buildings and other parameters of indoor microclimate - mean radiant temperature, operating temperature and indoor relative humidity, the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) index, the Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied (PPD) index, concentration CO2 (carbon dioxide). Analytical calculations are solved by the software Simulace. Boundary conditions of the exterior calculation are set with using standard values and the real hour meteorological values (from database of the software Design Builder for Ostrava town and from database of the real experimental measurement values). Experimental measurements of the indoor and exterior parameters (external and indoor air temperature) are realized at the passive timber-frame house of the Research and Innovation Centre of the Moravian-Silesian Wood Cluster in the area of the Faculty of Civil Engineering, VSB – Technical University of Ostrava. Results of theoretical analysis and experimental measurements are compared and evaluated.
Changes in the External Environment and of Interior Microclimate as a Consequence of Energetic Modernization of Building
Authors: Lis Anna , Ujma Adam
Published: October 2014

The paper presents the results of the research in building after thermal modernization. The analysis includes energy consumption for heating of the building, the nature of the microclimate in rooms and pollutant emissions to atmosphere of fuel combustion products. This analysis was carried out to evaluate the influence of energy saving activities on microclimate interior conditions and the state of the external environment.
Comparison of the Brownfield Regeneration and Greenfield Development on the Mathematical Model Basis
Authors: Peterová Jana , Endel Stanislav , Kuda František
Published: October 2014

Brownfields are one of the most important problems, which today’s cities have to solve. Regeneration of them and their reintegration back to the city organism are very time-consuming and expensive. New development is realized on the edges of cities for this reason. However, this situation is not in accordance with sustainable development principles, but the situation is not only about finances and brownfield regeneration can have very positive effect on many other aspects. Software tool Modified dynamic model (MDM) facilitates to model the long-term development on the defined factors basis. Thus, it can be convenient to model the land development in the case of brownfield regeneration in this software and to compare this situation with greenfield development. On the basis of results, we can find that brownfield regeneration is more effective in the long run. Then, these models can help potential investors with decision about their finances investment.
Thinking on the Design Practice of Modern Commercial Complex - Taking Hohhot Jinyu New Field Project as an Example
Authors: Wu Nan Wei
Published: October 2014

The JinYu New Field Project is designed to build a large-scale center integrating business, culture, commerce, leisure and entertainment in the emerging development area in the south of Hohhot in the future. After three years of design and construction, the project begins to take shape. Through deep analysis of the commercial form, commercial space, land and traffic organization, fire performance of the commercial building and design difficulties of JinYu New Field Project, this paper summarizes the key points and difficulties of the commercial complex project in the design practice, and proposes the thinking on future development of the commercial complex in China.
Influence of Alternative Education on the Architecture of Conventional Schools
Authors: Nedvěd Martin , Zámečníková Valerie
Published: October 2014

Alternative schools have had an undisputable innovative influence on the major (conventional) schooling since their formation in the first half of the 20th century. They have brought new ideas and methods that have been partially or fully adopted by schools that do not even consider being alternative. Architectural language formed together with the alternative education (Waldorf, Montessori, Dalton, Jena etc.) and responded to their specific needs and philosophies – specific shapes, layout, new forms of learning areas etc. Aim of this article is to choose and describe some principles of alternative school architecture, which could be used for new buildings and reconstructions of traditional schools. Method of the research was analysis of chosen alternative school buildings that were realized mainly in Europe and the USA, their qualitative evaluation and description of typological and architectural principles. According to the research outcomes, specific typological, constructional and material solutions were chosen, which are possible to apply also to common learning areas designing. Conclusions of this research can be used in practice (by designing of new buildings and reconstructions of school buildings) and in the education of architectural designing and building typology. .
Mass Prefabricated-Panel Housing Construction in Private Ownership in the Czech Republic
Authors: Špačková Eva
Published: October 2014

Housing estates thus have been and will continue to be a long-term part of the housing the Czech Republic. Research addresses the artistic and architectural level of regeneration of prefabricated-panel buildings in the past twenty year, shows how the form of reconstructed facades has developed and illustrates the use of the building facade in the context of the environment in which the residential building is located.
The Methodology Suggestion of Capitalization Rates in the Real Estate
Authors: Stefanovová Zuzana , Procházka Pavel
Published: October 2014

the paper in the field of property valuation represents the preliminary information review of the problems of capitalization rates applied to the property. It contains proposal for a methodology of determination of the capitalization rate including their data and results evaluation. These results will be achieved by using the comparison of sales prices and rental prices for specific categories of properties and specific locations.
Modeling of Innovation Processes in the Management of SME's Enterprises Activities
Authors: Nowakowska-Grunt Joanna
Published: October 2014

Innovations in modern economy are perfect example of developmental initiatives for small and medium-sized enterprises. The diversity of innovation concepts is a reflection of market demand, which is subjected to continuous process of adaptation to environment. Therefore, it is not possible to determine the specific barriers defining the framework of operation for innovative enterprises, particularly in relation to world development trends and globalization of markets. Innovative solutions are characterized by a wide diversity, which are a constant challenge for scientists studying and interpreting the occurring internal processes. Research of structures in these processes allowed creating many model solutions, which along with the economic transformations have evolved and are reflected in the present. Innovativeness of small and medium-sized enterprises is a matter relevant to the economic development. The European institutions that perform studies on innovativeness have shown that in many European countries level of innovativeness of SMEs is significantly below average. This problem also applies to the Polish enterprises and cover the whole economy since the SME sector is the overwhelming majority all economic entities on the market.
Peculiarities of Mountainous Area’s Water Supply Systems
Authors: Dashtoyan Lilit
Published: October 2014

The main part of the territory of the Republic of Armenia is a mountainous landscape, where the water supply problems of the located areas are directly connected with the existing types of water sources and the peculiarities of their formation.  The report is an overview of implementation and operation features of medium size residential areas’ water supply systems dispersed in the surrounding of Mount Aragats, by which their long uninterrupted work are provided with.
Experimental Design of Surface Modification of Expanded Obsidian and Determination of Water Sorption Capacity
Authors: Hovsepyan G.Sh. , Kalantaryan M.A. , Yedoyan T.V.
Published: October 2014

The aim of this paper is to study the possibility of expanded obsidian and its modified product use for oil sorption, in that tetraethoxisilane (TEOS) has been used as a modifier. The optimal concentration of the modifier was determined by 50 per cent weight of expanded obsidian. The expanded obsidian was previously activated with 0,1 M solution of hydrochloric acid. IR spectrometry was used to characterise structural changes in the modified expanded obsidian samples. To determine water sorption capacity a series of experiments has been carried out. The analysis of obtained experimental data showed that after surface modification of expanded obsidian water capacity is reduced 3 times after the surface modification of EO.
Priority Determination Criteria and Strategic Trends of Funding in the Sphere of Water Economy Investments
Authors: Mkrtumyan Mher , Grigoryan Gor , Harutyunyan Ruzanna , Madatyan Gayane
Published: October 2014

Further development of the RA water supply and sanitation sphere requires economic, technical, institutional and financial reforms. Therefore, the elucidation of state policy and strategic trends of development for the mentioned sphere is highly essential for its future improvement. Hence, organizational and financial investments are required to ensure reliable, safe, permanent and continuous water supply, system security, environmental sustainability, financial upgrading of the system making it fully manageable, efficient, attractive and self-sustaining for the investors and private businesses based on financially healthy, sustainable and vital water supply and sanitation organizations.