bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Soil Variables under Different Sesame Productivities of Northern Telangana Zone
Authors: Deepthi M. , Kumar R. Sai , Ravi P. , Sampath O.
Published: July 2023

A survey was carried out in major sesame-growing areas of Northern Telangana Zone in high, medium and low productivity zones of districts namely Nizamabad, Jagtial, Nirmal and Kamareddy. 50 surface soil samples (0-15 cm) were collected from each zone and a total of 150 surface soil samples were analyzed for various physical, physicochemical and chemical properties the results showed that the bulk density ranged from 1.10 to 1.56 Mg m-3, from 1.20 to 1.60 Mg m-3 and from 1.20 to 1.63 Mg m-3 in high, medium and low productivity zones respectively. Water holding capacity ranged from 30.00 to 56.80%, from 20.80 to 56.50% and from 19.60 to 51.70% in high, medium and low productivity zones respectively. pH ranged from 7.11 to 7.82, from 6.45 to 8.51 and from 6.81 to 7.46 in high, medium and low productivity zones respectively. EC ranged from 0.32 to 0.46 d Sm-1, from 0.32 to 0.56 d Sm-1 and from 0.12 to 0.56 d Sm-1   in high, medium and low productivity zones respectively. Organic carbon ranged from 0.48 to 1.08%, from 0.23 to 0.72% and from 0.21 to 0.64% in high, medium and low productivity zones respectively. Available nitrogen ranged from 176.20 to 279.70 kg ha-1, from 116.50 to 261.50 kg ha-1 and from 76.40 to 139.80 kg ha-1 in high, medium and low productivity zones respectively. Available phosphorus ranged from 13.41 to 82.33 kg ha-1, from 11.81 to 64.71 kg ha-1 and from 19.98 to 49.06 kg ha-1 in high, medium and low productivity zones respectively. Available potassium ranged from 213.00 to 562.00 kg ha-1, from 126.25 to 585.00 kg ha-1 and from 182.50 to 562.50 kg ha-1 in high, medium and low productivity zones respectively.
Effect of Organic Manures and Foliar Application of Zinc on Growth and Yield of Field Pea (Pisum sativum L.)
Authors: Remsangpuii Rosemary , Mehera Biswarup
Published: July 2023

Nutrient management is critical in agricultural crops for productivity. Micronutrients, while required in small amounts, are vital for several physiological processes, hence improving crop development, yield and nutritional value. The Department of Agronomy at SHUATS in Prayagraj, U.P., conducted a field experiment on the Field Pea crop during the rabi season of 2022. The soil in the experimental plot was sandy loam in texture, neutral in pH (7.2), with EC- 0.26 (dS/m0, organic carbon (0.72%), and accessible N (178.48kg/ha), P (27.80 kg/ha), and K (233.24kg/ha). The treatment included control 2t/ha neem cake 2t/ha vermicompost, 10t/ha  of farm yard manure, and foliar application of zinc at 1.0% resulted in greater plant height 94.82 cm), nodules number per plant (5.63), pod number per plant (19.09) and number of seeds per plant (5.92) and seed yield (2.73 kg/ha).
PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI MOBILE UNTUK PEMBACAAN SIMULASI PENGGUNAAN LISTRIK RUMAH KOST
Authors: Gozali Evan Alfredo , Lim Resmana , Santoso Petrus
Published: July 2023

Pengembangan aplikasi mobile yang dibuat pada projek ini untuk melakukan pembacaan data power meter rumah kost, dengan menggunakan data power meter yang telah disimulasikan dari database menggunakan tombol simulasi powermeter. Data tersebut digunakan untuk proses monitoring yang dilakukan oleh pengguna kost dan pemilik kost. End-point yang digunakan sudah diuji dengan menggunakan postman sehingga data yang dikirim maupun diterima sesuai, aplikasi juga sudah diuji dalam beberapa skenario. Sehingga aplikasi dapat berjalan untuk melakukan pengawasan (monitoring) penggunaan listrik secara online.
KERAN AIR MULTIFUNGSI BERBASIS ARDUINO
Authors: Cristoval Handy , . Thiang
Published: July 2023

Keterbatasan air merupakan salah satu permasalahan yang masih terjadi hingga saat ini. Meskipun begitu, masih ditemukan kasus pemborosan air yang disebabkan karena lupa mematikan keran air sehingga air terbuang percuma. Salah satu cara untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini adalah dengan mengganti keran dengan sistem otomatis. Melalui penelitian ini akan diimplementasikan sebuah keran multifungsi yang berbasis Arduino. Keran ini didesain agar compact dan dapat dipasang pada berbagai tempat dan kebutuhan. Keran multifungsi dilengkapi dengan sensor ultrasonik untuk mendeteksi level air yang dapat mengawasi ketinggian permukaan air. Keran ini juga dilengkapi flow meter untuk dapat menghitung volume air yang dikeluarkan. Alat ini menggunakan solenoid valve yang dapat terbuka dan tertutup otomatis dengan menerima perintah dari mikrokontroler berupa Arduino Nano yang menjadi kendali dari sistem. Pengguna hanya perlu memasukan data berupa batas atas dan bawah untuk mode deteksi level air, serta volume untuk mode volume air. Melalui penelitian dan pengujian penelitian ini, telah dibuat sistem kerja, desain, dan sketch. Beberapa pengujian terhadap kinerja keran multifungsi juga telah dilakukan. Semua komponen terutama sensor ultrasonic, flow meter sensor, dan solenoid valve telah dianggap dapat digunakan dan berfungsi baik dalam sistem.
PENGGUNAAN TEKNOLOGI NFC UNTUK AKSES INFORMASI DI LABORATORIUM TELEMATIKA UK PETRA
Authors: David TM James , Putro Iwan Handoyo
Published: July 2023

Laboratorium Telematika dalam kesehariannya bertugas melakukan pelayanan baik peminjaman alat, praktikum maupun kunjungan dari institusi lain. Terkait kunjungan, ketersediaan informasi dari perangkat yang ada menjadi kebutuhan utama. Karena itu, digunakanlah teknologi NFC yang terdapat pada kebanyakan model smartphone baru sehingga mahasiswa dan pengunjung tidak bergantung pada asisten laboratorium untuk bisa mendapatkan jawaban pertanyaan-pertanyaan seputar peralatan di Laboratorium. Sistem yang disusun terdiri dari aplikasi mobile, server, database, dan website ini mampu untuk memberikan penjelasan dan spesifikasi seputar alat-alat jaringan komputer yang ada di laboratorium. Selain mengguakan NFC, sistem ini juga menggunakan QR Code sebagai alternatif bagi smartphone yang tidak memiliki NFC.
A Unified Approach to Health Data Exchange
Authors: Abbasi Ali B. , Layden Jennifer , Gordon William , Gregurick Susan , DeLew Nancy , Grossman Jordan , Bierman Arlene S. , Monarez Susan , Curtis Lesley H. , Viall Abigail H. , Rocca Mitra , Rivera Donna R. , Marston Hilary , Mugge Alexandra , Smith Scott R. , Bent Katherine , Macrae James , Sheehy Ann , Wegrzyn Renee D. , Valdez R. Burciaga , Johnson Carole , Bush Laina , Blum Jonathan , Cohen Mandy K. , Bertagnolli Monica M. , Califf Robert M. , Tripathi Micky
Published: January 2025

Importance

Health information technology, such as electronic health records (EHRs), has been widely adopted, yet accessing and exchanging data in the fragmented US health care system remains challenging. To unlock the potential of EHR data to improve patient health, public health, and health care, it is essential to streamline the exchange of health data. As leaders across the US Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), we describe how DHHS has implemented fundamental building blocks to achieve this vision.

Observations

Across DHHS, we have implemented 3 foundational building blocks called for by the 2016 21st Century Cures Act to create a unified approach for secure, high-quality, and timely exchange of health data across the health care system. The United States Core Data for Interoperability provides a minimum baseline for data elements that must be available in federally regulated health information technology systems such as certified EHRs. These data elements now must be accessible using Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources—a secure, flexible, and open-industry standard for health data exchange. The Trusted Exchange Framework and Common Agreement provides a network to securely exchange health data across the country. The 3 building blocks of United States Core Data for Interoperability, Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources, and Trusted Exchange Framework and Common Agreement are now in place thanks to diligent public and private sector work over 2 administrations. Across DHHS, we are working to refine these building blocks and increase their adoption through regulatory authorities, grants, and public-private partnerships.

Conclusions and Relevance

The technological building blocks described in this article are creating a unified approach to health data exchange for patient access, clinical care, quality improvement, scientific research, public health, and other uses of health data. Collaborations between the public, nonprofit, and private sectors are needed to maximize their potential. By unlocking the potential of health data, these building blocks are the foundation of a 21st-century digital health care system that will improve the experience of patients and clinicians and result in better health outcomes.
Light‐Triggered Protease‐Mediated Release of Actin‐Bound Cargo from Synthetic Cells
Authors: Akter Mousumi , Moghimianavval Hossein , Luker Gary D. , Liu Allen P.
Published: January 2025

Synthetic cells offer a versatile platform for addressing biomedical and environmental challenges, due to their modular design and capability to mimic cellular processes such as biosensing, intercellular communication, and metabolism. Constructing synthetic cells capable of stimuli‐responsive secretion is vital for applications in targeted drug delivery and biosensor development. Previous attempts at engineering secretion for synthetic cells have been confined to non‐specific cargo release via membrane pores, limiting the spatiotemporal precision and specificity necessary for selective secretion. Here, a protein‐based platform termed TEV Protease‐mediated Releasable Actin‐binding Protein (TRAP) is designed and constructed for selective, rapid, and triggerable secretion in synthetic cells. TRAP is designed to bind tightly to reconstituted actin networks and is proteolytically released from bound actin, followed by secretion via cell‐penetrating peptide membrane translocation. TRAP's efficacy in facilitating light‐activated secretion of both fluorescent and luminescent proteins is demonstrated. By equipping synthetic cells with a controlled secretion mechanism, TRAP paves the way for the development of stimuli‐responsive biomaterials, versatile synthetic cell‐based biosensing systems, and therapeutic applications through the integration of synthetic cells with living cells for targeted delivery of protein therapeutics.
Laser Powder Bed Fusion of Pure Zinc Electrodes for the Manufacturing of Biodegradable Batteries: Process Development and Preliminary Electrochemical Testing
Authors: Caprio Leonardo , Della Monica Gabriella , Milroy Craig Andrew , Demir Ali Gökhan
Published: January 2025

Rechargeable Zn‐based batteries are promising alternatives to Li‐ion solutions. However, significant operational challenges remain often associated with the low conductivity of binders used in commercial zinc electrodes. The use of advanced manufacturing techniques represents a promising solution to overcome problems such as electrode polarization and dendrite formation typical of Zn‐based batteries. In the present investigation, laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is employed to deposit pure Zn thin‐walled structures with complex surface characteristics. An experimental plan is designed on a flexible LPBF system to discern the influence of the laser power, power density distribution (from Gaussian to ring mode) and velocity on the physical characteristics of the samples. The width of the thin walls could be tailored in the range between 200 and 500 μm, while the roughness remains in the range of Ra = 10–15 μm. The density of the deposits is below the reference level of pure Zn due to the elevated surface complexity and internal porosities. Preliminary electrochemical testing is conducted to demonstrate the applicability of the structures as anodes in phosphate buffered saline PBS and 6M KOH solutions. The thin walls are tested via cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge/discharge showing their applicability as anodes for aqueous batteries.
Optimizing the Friction Stir Process Parameters of the AZ31 Mg Alloy/YSZ‐Al2O3 Hybrid Surface Composite Using the Response Surface Methodology‐Based Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm
Authors: Mohankumar Ashokkumar , Thirugnanasambandam Arunkumar , Packkirisamy Vignesh
Published: January 2025

The optimization of friction stir process (FSP) parameters plays a pivotal role in enhancing the mechanical properties of friction‐stirred hybrid surface composites (FSHSC), which are crucial for lightweight and high‐performance structural applications. This study introduces the use of the artificial bee colony algorithm (ABCA) for optimizing process parameters of yttria‐stabilized zirconia (YSZ) and alumina (Al2O3)‐reinforced FSHSC. A three‐factor, five‐level central composite design matrix based on response surface methodology is utilized to develop predictive models for ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and yield strength (YS). Analysis of variance confirms the robustness and reliability of the models, with high statistical significance (p < 0.0001) and R2 values of 0.9940 for UTS and 0.9938 for YS. ABCA identifies optimal parameters—tool rotational speed of 1001.543 rpm, tool transverse speed of 71.896 mm min−1, and tool axial force of 7.23 kN—achieving UTS of 198.345 MPa and YS of 163.534 MPa. The study demonstrates that ABCA is a powerful tool for optimizing FSP parameters and improving hybrid composite performance. This methodology offers a framework for advancing the mechanical properties of composites, with significant implications for lightweight engineering applications.
Highly Sensitive Detection of Glucose in the Presence of Serum Based on Signal Amplification of Persistent Luminescence Nanoparticles Functionalized by Glucose Oxidase
Authors: Ferjaoui Zied , Matuszewska Celina , Liu Jianhua , Corvis Yohann , Chanéac Corinne , Viana Bruno , Romdhane Ferdaous Ben , Scherman Daniel , Mignet Nathalie , Richard Cyrille
Published: January 2025

A new method is presented for the in vitro detection of glucose using glucose oxidase (GOx) covalently linked to persistent luminescent nanoparticles (PLNPs). This method ensures both sensitive and specific glucose detection by exploiting the enhanced luminescence of PLNPs in the presence of H2O2, generated by an enzymatic reaction. To this end, three different PLNPs composed of ZnGa2O4:Cr3+ (ZGO) nanoparticles are prepared by hydrothermal synthesis at 120 °C for 6 h (ZGO1), 12 h (ZGO2), and 24 h (ZGO3), followed by a calcination at 500 °C, resulting in nanoparticles with an average hydrodynamic diameter of 100 nm ± 5 nm after grinding and centrifugation. These nanoparticles are efficiently covalently functionalized with GOx, via a PEG linker. Following the production of H2O2 by the enzymatic reaction between GOx bound to the ZGO surface and glucose present in 100‐fold diluted serum, a significant increase in the persistent luminescent signal is observed. This phenomenon is most pronounced for ZGO2, for which a detection limit of 0.01 µm and a detection range from 0.05 to 1 µm is obtained. These results demonstrate the innovative potential of this new technique in glucose monitoring, opening up new avenues for real‐time monitoring and effective management of diabetes.
Ultrafast Modulation of Guided‐Mode Resonance in a Nonlinear Silicon Nitride Grating
Authors: Bej Subhajit , Tkachenko Nikolai , Fickler Robert , Niemi Tapio
Published: January 2025

Nonlinear optical interactions in nanostructures are crucial for both fundamental research and practical applications. The optical Kerr effect, a third‐order nonlinear phenomenon, causes anisotropic changes in the refractive index of materials under intense laser illumination. However, this effect is intrinsically weak, limiting its utility in free‐space nanophotonics. This work demonstrates an enhancement of the optical Kerr effect by over three orders of magnitude through guided‐mode resonance in a dielectric diffraction grating with a thickness of less than 300 nm. The study includes the design, fabrication, and transmittance measurements of a resonant silicon nitride crossed grating, illuminated with short light pulses. Spectral resonance shifts with increasing pulse power are observed, resulting in over 50% modulation of the resonance magnitude and enabling dynamic transitions between “Off ” and “On” transmission states of the grating. Additionally, the potential of the grating for dynamic pulse shaping is demonstrated. These findings offer promising avenues for developing advanced all‐optical devices in free‐space nanophotonics.
Multiple Donor Modification of Boron‐Based Emitters to Produce Aggregation‐Induced Emission and Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence for Blue OLEDs
Authors: Devulapally Mohan Gandhi , Jeong Yeonju , Lee Jae Hee , Kwon Min Jeong , Kang Sunwoo , Kim Taekyung , Hong Wan Pyo
Published: January 2025

Two novel multi‐donor emitters, bearing 1,1,4,4,12,12,15,15‐octamethyl‐1,2,3,4,12,13,14,15‐octahydro‐6,10‐dioxa‐16b‐boraanthra[3,2,1‐de]tetracene (CyDOBNA) are presented. In 3TPA‐CyDOBNA, three electron‐rich triphenylamine (TPA) units are positioned on the central benzene ring of CyDOBNA to maximize distortion from an acceptor plane. This modification reduces the singlet–triplet energy gap (ΔEST) by 0.16 eV, highlighting its thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) characteristics. However, congested TPA donors on the bottom side of the central benzene are found to facilitate non‐radiative decay in a triplet state, indicating that ΔEST alone is insufficient for optimal device performance. Further refinement led to the creation of Ph2TPA‐CyDOBNA, where two TPA donors and one phenyl group are positioned side by side to minimize non‐radiative pathways while preserving the TADF behavior. This results in a reverse intersystem crossing rate of 2.30 × 105 s−1 and ΔEST of 0.15 eV. Photophysical investigations reveal that these emitters exhibit not only TADF but also aggregation‐induced emission properties, maintaining a high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) even in the solid state. In a doped OLED device, an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 18.9% is achieved for 3TPA‐CyDOBNA. Compared with 3TPA‐CyDOBNA, the EQE of Ph2TPA‐CyDOBNA improves by 21.1%, primarily because of the suppression of excessive flexibility from the three TPA donors.
Quantitative Pupillometry Predicts Neurologic Deterioration in Patients with Large Middle Cerebral Artery Stroke
Authors: Du Yili , Pohlmann Jack E. , Chatzidakis Stefanos , Brush Benjamin , Malinger Leigh Ann , Stafford Rebecca A. , Cervantes‐Arslanian Anna M. , Benjamin Emelia J. , Gilmore Emily J. , Dupuis Josée , Greer David M. , Smirnakis Stelios M. , Mohammed Shariq , Ong Charlene J.
Published: January 2025

Objective

This study assesses whether longitudinal quantitative pupillometry predicts neurological deterioration after large middle cerebral artery (MCA) stroke and determines how early changes are detectable.

Methods

This prospective, single‐center observational cohort study included patients with large MCA stroke admitted to Boston Medical Center's intensive care unit (2019–2024). Associations between time‐to‐neurologic deterioration and quantitative pupillometry, including Neurological Pupil Index (NPi), were assessed using Cox proportional hazards models with time‐dependent covariates adjusted for age, sex, and Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score. Models using dilation velocity were compared with partial likelihood ratio tests. Pupillometric changes over 2‐h intervals in the 12 h preceding deterioration were analyzed with linear mixed‐effects modeling and Tukey's test. Matched referents (age, sex, stroke side, follow‐up duration) were used for comparison. Optimal thresholds were identified using the Youden Index.

Results

Among 71 patients (mean age 66.5 years; 59.2% women), 32 (45.1%) experienced deterioration. A 1‐unit decrease in NPi was associated with a higher hazard of deterioration (hazard ratio 2.46; 95% confidence interval 1.68–3.61). Dilation velocity improved model performance compared to NPi alone. NPi was significantly lower at 0–2 h (3.81 vs. 4.38, p = 0.001) and 2–4 h (3.71 vs. 4.38, p < 0.001) before deterioration compared to 10–12 h prior. Optimal thresholds were 4.01 for NPi, 0.49 mm/s for dilation velocity, and −0.15 change in NPi over 12 h.

Interpretation

Quantitative pupillometry predicts neurological deterioration in MCA stroke, with declines detectable up to 12 h prior. Dilation velocity shows promise as a novel biomarker. ANN NEUROL 2025
Liquid Metal Nanobiohybrids for High‐Performance Solar‐Driven Methanogenesis via Multi‐Interface Engineering
Authors: Gu Wenzhi , Hu Jing , Li Lei , Hong Mingqiu , Zhang Dong , Chen Jiajing , Ye Jie , Zhou Shungui
Published: January 2025

Nanobiohybrids for solar‐driven methanogenesis present a promising solution to the global energy crisis. However, conventional semiconductor‐based nanobiohybrids face challenges such as limited tunability and poor biocompatibility, leading to undesirable spontaneous electron and proton transfer that compromise their structural stability and CH4 selectivity. Herein, we introduced eutectic gallium–indium alloys (EGaIn), featuring a self‐limiting surface oxide layer surrounding the liquid metal core after sonication, integrated with Methanosarcina barkeri (M. b). The well‐designed M. b–EGaIn nanobiohybrids exhibited superior performance, achieving a maximum CH4 yield of 455.64±15.99 μmol g−1, long‐term stability across four successive 7‐day cycles, and remarkable CH4 selectivity of >99 %. These improvements stem from enhanced proton‐coupled electron transfer involving hydrogen atoms at the core–shell interface, further facilitated by the elevated expression of hydrogenases at the abiotic–biotic interface. This study provides an insightful concept for nanobiohybrid design through multi‐interface engineering, advancing sustainable and scalable CO2‐to‐biofuel conversion under ambient conditions.
Incorporating Ionic Liquid 1‐Ethyl‐3‐Methylimidazolium Bromide Into PVA‐LiAc–Based Solid Polymer Electrolytes to Achieve Advanced Solid‐State Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Purwanti Endah , Wahyuningrum Deana , Rochliadi Achmad , Ndruru Sun Theo Constan Lotebulo , Arcana I Made
Published: January 2025

Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) serve as both separators and electrolytes, enhancing the safety of energy storage devices by eliminating liquid components. In this study, we present SPEs prepared from a blend of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), lithium acetate (LiAc), and the ionic liquid 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bromide ([EMIm]Br). This combination prevents leakage issues common with liquid electrolytes and addresses the low conductivity of typical solid electrolytes. The prepared SPEs are easy to produce, highly transparent, thermally stable up to 271°C, and exhibit high ionic conductivity, with values of 2.21 × 10−5 S cm−1 when 40% [EMIm]Br is added to the PVA/10% LiAc membrane. Additionally, this composition demonstrates a mechanical strength of 20.40 MPa and an elongation of 485.12%. These findings highlight the strong potential of [EMIm]Br–based SPEs for lithium‐ion batteries.
Depth‐Related Controls on the Quantitative Composition of Rhodolith Matrices in the High Arctic
Authors: Pyko Ines , Wisshak Max , Teichert Sebastian
Published: January 2025

The calcareous matrix of rhodoliths can be composed of one or more crustose coralline algae (CCA) taxa as well as a mixed assemblage of various encrusting organisms. Studies on modern and fossil rhodoliths assume such associations to vary with water depth. Our study explores the quantitative biological composition of calcareous rhodolith matrices along a bathymetric gradient at the Arctic Svalbard archipelago. Using a methodological combination of virtual micro‐CT cross‐sections with a modified point counting approach, we found five different taxonomic groups: CCA, bivalves, serpulids, bryozoans and balanids. While water depth does not influence the general taxon richness as well as the abundance of bivalves, it significantly affects the proportional matrix composition of encrusting organisms by a combination of environmental factors and biological interactions. The decrease in CCA skeletal material with increasing water depth is significantly governed by impaired irradiance conditions. Regular rhodolith movement in shallow waters fosters the proportion of CCA, while decreased movement in deeper waters spurs the proportion of other encrusters. This potentially results from post‐mortem fouling of dead rhodolith parts followed by a recolonization with slow‐growing CCA species Boreolithothamnion glaciale. Our results highlight mechanisms controlling the biogenic composition of calcareous rhodolith matrices and underline the potential of matrices compositions for palaeogeography and palaeobathymetry. Our study contributes to an improved understanding of the composition and developmental patterns of rhodoliths. This can add to a better comprehension of the respective ecosystems on a broader scale and be beneficial for conservation purposes.
Cognitive, Behavioral and Educational Outcomes in Children Aged 5–11 Years With Spina Bifida in Northern Ireland
Authors: Parajuli Yogesh Gopal , Sinclair Marlene
Published: January 2025

Introduction

While improved medical and surgical care for children with spina bifida has improved their survival, some may have lower cognitive, behavioral and educational performance. The paper assesses the effect of spina bifida on cognitive, behavioral, and educational outcomes in 5–11 year olds.

Methods

A cross‐sectional study design was used where data were collected from parents/guardians and teachers using Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, second edition (BRIEF2), Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), and Teacher Academic Attainment Scale (TAAS).

Results

Nineteen parental and 13 teacher responses were received for children with spina bifida, and 8 parental and seven teacher responses for children without Spina Bifida. Overall, the majority of the sample were female. Children in both groups performed at a similar level across subscales of BRIEF2 with the exception of Working Memory. No group differences were found in SDQ scales as assessed by parents; teacher assessment of conduct problems. Hyperactivity/inattention and peer problems were higher for children with spina bifida. Anticipated matched analysis was not possible due to unequal number of participants between the groups. Children with spina bifida performed similarly as peers without spina bifida in all subjects across the curriculum with the exception of English, Mathematics, and History.

Discussion

Based on this small sample, a potential need for evidence‐based interventions to assist children with spina bifida in the cognitive area of working memory and also in English, Mathematics and History is postulated. Larger longitudinal studies are required to confirm these findings.
Apical horizontal incision with periosteum graft wall technique for periodontal regeneration: A case study
Authors: Shiraishi Kazuhito , Chiou Lan‐Lin , Haga Takeshi , Hamada Yusuke , Cortellini Pierpaolo
Published: January 2025

Background

The periosteum consists of an outer fibrous layer and an inner cellular layer, where bone cells reside. Hence, it has been suggested that applying periosteum to a periodontal defect may help new bone formation. The purpose of this case study is to present the clinical and radiographic outcomes of a vestibular regenerative approach and the application of a connective tissue graft (CTG) with periosteum to improve the periodontal prognosis of a pathologically migrated hopeless tooth with an endo‐periodontal lesion (EPL).

Methods

A 35‐year‐old female presented with a hopeless tooth with EPL on #9. To preserve the papilla, a horizontal incision with two vertical releasing incisions was made on the buccal vestibule where the buccal bone was present. A CTG with periosteum was harvested from the tuberosity area. After applying enamel matrix derivative (EMD) and freeze‐dried bone allograft (FDBA), the CTG was placed over the defect and stabilized with absorbable sutures. The flap was replaced and sutured, achieving primary closure and healing by primary intention.

Results

Following regenerative procedure, a localized orthodontic treatment was applied. A minimal ridge resorption, shallow probing depth, and radiographic stability of periodontal bone level were observed.

Conclusion

This case study shows the successful application of a multidisciplinary approach to save a hopeless tooth with severe bone destruction and a non‐contained periodontal defect.

Key points

Multi‐disciplinary approach including endodontic, orthodontic, and periodontal regenerative procedure can improve the prognosis of natural teeth.

It would be beneficial to maintain the blood supply to the crestal part of the flap with apical incision.

Connective tissue graft with periosteum could enhance the healing potential when used in adjunct with periodontal regeneration.

Plain language summary

The apical horizontal incision combined with periosteum graft could successfully save a tooth with severe bone destruction and a non‐contained periodontal defect. The importance of wound stability on the papillae area was achieved with the vestibular approach with application of the room concept. This method would be beneficial to improve the periodontal prognosis of a severely periodontally compromised tooth.
1‐Methylpyridine‐2(1H)‐thione Photocatalyzed Giese Reaction with N‐Hydroxyphthalimide Esters via Single Electron Transfer
Authors: Li Lanting , Wang Yuzhuo , Yuan Li , Tang Xinjun
Published: January 2025

Comprehensive Summary

We have developed a series of 1‐methylpyridine‐2(1H)‐thione (MPT) analogues to be used as organocatalysts. The MPT catalysts are easily prepared and bench‐stable. In our previous work, we found that the ground‐state MPT catalyst could act as a nucleophile to generate primary radicals via an SN2 pathway. However, this reaction was limited to benzyl radicals. Herein, we reported a new catalytic property of the MPT catalyst. The photoexcited MPT catalyst (E(MPT·+/MPT*) = –1.60 V vs. Ag/AgCl in MeCN) could reduce NHPI esters through a single electron transfer process. Various carbon radicals, including benzyl radical, as well as primary, secondary and tertiary alkyl radicals, could be generated easily. Notably, amino acids, peptide, pharmaceuticals, and other biologically active molecules could be modified by using this methodology showing the potential synthetic utility of this method.
Membrane Proteins in Nanodiscs: Methods and Applications
Authors: Guo Jiaxu , Hou Qinghan , Tan Yulin , Fu Ruoheng , Huang Xuanwei , Cao Chan
Published: January 2025

Membrane proteins, a principal class of drug targets, play indispensable roles in various biological processes and are closely associated with essential life functions. Their study, however, is complicated by their low solubility in aqueous environments and distinctive structural characteristics, necessitating a suitable native‐like environment for molecular analysis. Nanodisc technology has revolutionized this field, providing biochemists with a powerful tool to stabilize membrane proteins and significantly enhance their research possibilities. This review outlines the substantial advancements in nanodisc methodologies and applications from 2018 to 2024. We cover the development of various nanodisc models, as well as structural and functional studies of membrane proteins that utilize nanodiscs, highlighting their medical applications.
Electrosynthesis of Silane‐Modified Magnetic Nanoparticles for Efficient Lead Ion Removal
Authors: Elkholy Ayman E. Ahmed , Poon Kingsley , Singh Gurvinder , Giansiracusa Marcus , Callaghan Kimberley L. , Boskovic Colette , Ellis Amanda V. , Kingshott Peter
Published: January 2025

The removal of heavy metal ions, such as lead (Pb2+), from aqueous systems is critical due to their high toxicity and bioaccumulation in living organisms. This study presents a straightforward approach for the synthesis and surface modification of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) for the magnetic removal of Pb2+ ions. IONPs were produced via electrosynthesis at varying voltages (10–40 V), with optimal magnetic properties achieved at 40 V resulting in highly crystalline and magnetic IONPs in the gamma‐maghemite (γ‐Fe2O3) phase. IONPs were characterized using various techniques including X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). A novel electrochemical method was developed for the silanization of IONPs using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), (3‐mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane (MPTMS) and (3‐aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES). The resulting silane‐modified IONPs were evaluated for the magnetic removal of Pb2+ ions, with TEOS‐modified IONPs demonstrating superior performance. This material exhibited a high adsorption capacity of 519 mg/g at a Pb2+ ion concentration of 300 ppm, and high removal efficiency across a range of Pb2+ ion concentrations, attributed to its Fe2O3@SiO2 core‐shell structure. This study highlights the potential of the electrochemical synthesis and silanization of nanoparticles for heavy metal remediation in water.
Long‐term use of low‐dose aspirin for cancer prevention: A 20‐year longitudinal cohort study of 1,506,525 Hong Kong residents
Authors: Lam Amy , Hao Ziyu , Yiu Karen , Chan Stephen , Chan Francis , Sung Joseph , Tsoi Kelvin
Published: January 2025

Long‐term use of low‐dose aspirin has been demonstrated to reduce cancer risk, but the duration of necessary medication use remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the long‐term chemoprotective effect of aspirin among the Chinese population. This population‐based study included all aspirin users between 2000 and 2019. Aspirin users were age‐sex matched with non‐users at a 1:2 ratio. Cancer incidence and mortality were the main outcomes measured. Survival analyses with the Fine–Gray modelling were performed. The chemoprotective effects were measured by the sub‐distribution hazard ratios (SHR) with control for the competing risks. A total of 538,147 aspirin users and 968,378 non‐users were included, with a mean age of 64.8 years, 9,543,399 person‐years of follow‐up and 90% of users with 80 mg aspirin. The long‐term use of aspirin was associated with a reduced risk of cancer (SHR 0.92, 95% CI 0.91–0.94) and a reduced risk of cancer mortality (SHR 0.80, 95% CI 0.79–0.82). Stronger chemopreventive effects were observed among those who used aspirin for more than 10 years, including risk reductions for lung (SHR 0.56, 95% CI 0.51–0.60), breast (SHR 0.34, 95% CI 0.29–0.38) and colorectal (SHR 0.37, 95% CI 0.33–0.40) cancers, but not for bladder cancer and leukaemia. Low‐dose use of aspirin was associated with lower risk of cancer among Chinese. The association was even stronger for those using aspirin for more than 10 years. Prescription of aspirin may be started as early as at age of 40, as the chemoprotective effect also applied for early cancers.
Gender dysphoria in a Hispanic pregnant transgender man: Case report and review of literature
Authors: Acevedo‐Arroyo Alexandra N. , Cruz‐Perez Hazel , Mejías‐Ramos Jorge Luis , Reyes‐Rosario Coral , Romaguera Josefina , González‐Rodríguez Loida
Published: January 2025

There is limited research concerning the transgender population's health issues, such as gender dysphoria, and disparities within the healthcare system, especially in the Latino or Hispanic population. This study aimed to report the case of a Puerto Rican transgender man who achieved pregnancy without reproductive assistance after cessation of testosterone therapy for 3 months and who in the postpartum period experienced significant gender dysphoria. A narrative literature review was carried out to identify the role of gender dysphoria in pregnancy, lactation, health‐related spaces, and mental health. Gender dysphoria is an important component of reproductive care in this population and can be accompanied by mental health issues that can directly impact the preconception, conception, and postpartum periods. The identification of gender dysphoria and how to properly manage it during pregnancy in transgender individuals can aid in the process of providing affirming and inclusive reproductive health care to this population.
Binary Response Model With Many Weak Instruments
Authors: Seong Dakyung
Published: January 2025

This paper considers an endogenous binary response model with many weak instruments. We employ a control function approach and a regularization scheme to obtain better estimation results for the endogenous binary response model in the presence of many weak instruments. Two consistent and asymptotically normally distributed estimators are provided, each of which is called a regularized conditional maximum likelihood estimator (RCMLE) and a regularized nonlinear least squares estimator (RNLSE). Monte Carlo simulations show that the proposed estimators outperform the existing ones when there are many weak instruments. We use the proposed estimation method to examine the effect of family income on college completion.
An Artefact‐Minimized Raman Probe for Analyzing Biological Tissues
Authors: Khan Khan Mohammad , Krishna Hemant , Sahu Khageswar , Majumder Shovan K.
Published: January 2025

Availability of a suitable tool for carrying out non‐invasive measurement of Raman signatures in situ, from biological tissues having low Raman cross section is a clinically unmet need faced with manifold challenges. A Raman probe can prove to be an invaluable component of clinical Raman diagnostic systems. We present development of a Raman probe capable of measuring artefact free Raman spectra of biological tissues in situ. The developed probe uses a single lens for simultaneous illumination and collection of the Raman signal backscattered from the sample surface. This configuration ensures not only maximum overlapping of the illumination and collection volumes, ultimately leading to optimal throughput but also reduces the fiber‐induced artefacts. The results show a superior performance of the developed Raman probe in measuring the Raman signatures from biological samples having lower Raman cross‐sections, compared to that of the two commercially available Raman probes.
Using Virtual Reality to Promote Self‐Identity Reconstruction as the Main Focus of Therapy
Authors: Garcia‐Gutierrez Alejandro , Montesano Adrián , Feixas Guillem
Published: January 2025

Based on the repertory grid technique, we developed Explore Your Meanings (EYME), a digital platform that helps patients explore identity values and internal conflicts using virtual reality (VR). EYME was part of a research project treating depression in young adults, including 10 weekly, 1‐h sessions aimed at changing personal constructs—cognitive schemas that shape how individuals interpret reality. We present the case of Mary, a 21‐year‐old woman diagnosed with persistent major depressive disorder and social phobia. Early sessions with EYME revealed key implicit dilemmas in Mary's worldview, such as feeling that she had to be selfish (an undesired personal characteristic) to become smarter and more self‐confident (desired pole). As Mary visualized these constructs in VR, she began to recognize her identity conflicts and strengths, ultimately helping her to improve her negative self‐image. Interventions focused on reframing these constructs, particularly around “intelligence” and introducing “emotional intelligence,” which helped Mary adopt a more nuanced view of herself. A key session involved a two‐chair dialog between her “critical” and “emotional” selves, facilitating the integration of polarized aspects of her personality. In subsequent sessions, EYME reinforced these changes, with Mary reinterpreting behaviors like being “selective” as protective rather than negative. By the end of therapy, she no longer met the criteria for depression or social phobia, and her psychological distress had normalized.
Employee Commitment and Cognitive Engagement as Moderators in the Relationship Between Quality of Work Life and Work Life Balance: A Conditional Moderated Moderated‑Mediation Model
Authors: Michael Annie Riya , Maria Gnana Muhila , George Hesil Jerda , Jayacyril Christina Maria , Parayitam Satyanarayana
Published: January 2025

The well‐being of employees in the banking industry remains vital in the quality of work life (QWL) and work life balance (WLB) research. Building on need‐satisfaction theory and spillover theories, this research tests a model that examines the effects of work‐family conflict (WFC) and family‐work‐conflict (FWC) on the QWL of bank employees in India. Further, the nexus between QWL, job satisfaction, life satisfaction, and WLB are investigated. This study also examines the moderating effect of employee commitment and cognitive engagement of employees in enhancing job satisfaction. Data were collected from 597 employees in four cities from southern India to test the moderated moderated‐mediation model. After checking the measurement properties of the survey instrument using the LISREL package of structural equation modeling, hierarchical regression, and PROCESS macros were used to validate the model. The key findings indicate that (i) WFC and FWC have adverse effects on QWL, (ii) QWL is positively associated with job satisfaction and life satisfaction, (iii) job satisfaction mediated the relationship between QWL and life satisfaction, and (iv) life satisfaction is a significant predictor of WLB. The results also supported that employee commitment strengthened the relationship between QWL and job satisfaction. Further, cognitive engagement (second moderator) and employee commitment (first moderator) interacted with QWL in influencing job satisfaction. The three‐way interaction between QWL, employee commitment, and cognitive engagement is a novel idea that significantly contributes to the literature on organizational behavior and human resource management. This study provides valuable insights for future researchers and practicing managers.
Production and transfer of essential fatty acids in a man‐made tropical lake ecosystem
Authors: Taipale Sami Johan , Rigaud Cyril , Calderini Marco Lucas , Asikainen Harri , Litmanen Jaakko Juhani , Vesamäki Jussi Severi , Ndebele‐Murisa Mzime Regina , Nhiwatiwa Tamuka
Published: January 2025

Essential biomolecules, such as physiologically essential fatty acids, can critically influence consumers' performance and the ecosystem's functioning. Eicosapentaenoic (EPA; 20:5ω3) and docosahexaenoic (DHA; 22:6ω3) fatty acids are physiologically crucial for consumers, and they must be either obtained from the diet or bioconverted from precursors. We monitored the synthesis of EPA and DHA by primary producers in the largest man‐made ecosystem (Lake Kariba) and in situ fatty acid production, trophic transfer, and endogenous production of EPA and DHA in the tropical lake food web using 13C‐labeling, compound‐specific isotopes, and gene expression of fads2 and elovl5 genes in most abundant fish species. Seston pigment analysis and 23S rRNA sequencing revealed that cyanobacteria dominated primary producers throughout three seasons, and the biosynthesis rate of EPA and DHA was under the detection limit. Moreover, due to the low zooplankton densities and EPA and DHA content in zooplankton, the transfer of EPA and DHA from phytoplankton–zooplankton to upper trophic levels is low. The low production of EPA and DHA by primary producers is mitigated by bioconversion of α‐linolenic acid to EPA and DHA in two tilapia species, especially by Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) known to feed on cyanobacteria. Compound‐specific isotope analysis revealed that tigerfish (Hydrocynus vittatus), the main predatory fish on the lake, was more closely related to Nile tilapia than to lake planktivorous fish (Limnothrissa miodon). Therefore, trophic interaction between cyanobacteria and algivorous fish has replaced traditional phytoplankton and zooplankton trophic interaction in the synthesis and transfer of EPA and DHA to upper trophic levels.
The Impact of Green Finance on Enterprise Environmental Strategies: Source Prevention or End‐Of‐Pipe Treatment?
Authors: Wang Lin , Li Yuning , Zeng Huixiang
Published: January 2025

Based on the quasinatural experiment of China's green finance reform and innovation pilot zones (GFRIs), the impact of GFRIs on the environmental strategies of heavy‐polluting enterprises is discussed. The results show that after the implementation of GFRIs, heavy‐polluting enterprises are more inclined to end‐of‐pipe treatment than source prevention. Alleviating financing restrictions and enhancing external attention are potential channels for GFRIs to induce enterprises to adopt end‐of‐pipe treatment. Additionally, we explore the governance boundaries of GFRIs for heterogeneous characteristics of enterprises and the market environment. The findings enrich the research related to the economic consequences of GFRIs and provide empirical evidence to formulate the next step of pilot expansion.
Relaxometry and contrast‐free cerebral microvascular quantification using balanced steady‐state free precession MR fingerprinting
Authors: Coudert Thomas , Delphin Aurélien , Barrier Antoine , Legris Loïc , Warnking Jan M. , Lamalle Laurent , Doneva Mariya , Lemasson Benjamin , Barbier Emmanuel L. , Christen Thomas
Published: January 2025

Purpose

This study proposes a novel, contrast‐free Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting (MRF) method using balanced Steady‐State Free Precession (bSSFP) sequences for the quantification of cerebral blood volume (CBV), vessel radius (R), and relaxometry parameters (T, T, T*) in the brain.

Methods

The technique leverages the sensitivity of bSSFP sequences to intra‐voxel frequency distributions in both transient and steady‐state regimes. A dictionary‐matching process is employed, using simulations of realistic mouse microvascular networks to generate the MRF dictionary. The method is validated through in silico and in vivo experiments on six healthy subjects, comparing results with standard MRF methods and literature values.

Results

The proposed method shows strong correlation and agreement with standard MRF methods for T and T
values. High‐resolution maps provide detailed visualizations of CBV and microvascular structures, highlighting differences in white matter (WM) and gray matter (GM) regions. The measured GM/WM ratio for CBV is 1.91, consistent with literature values.

Conclusion

This contrast‐free bSSFP‐based MRF method offers an new approach for quantifying CBV, vessel radius, and relaxometry parameters. Further validation against DSC imaging and clinical studies in pathological conditions is warranted to confirm its clinical utility.