bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deconstrucción del realismo. Paradojas de la metáfora del teatro en "El vano ayer" de Isaac Rosa
Authors: Rebreyend Anne-Laure
Published: April 2021

Estudiamos un relato que piensa y deconstruye los modos realistas de la novela de la memoria en España, a partir del análisis de la metáfora del espectáculo teatral proteiforme y omnipresente en El vano ayer de Isaac Rosa, dialogando con el artículo de G. Champeau en esta revista. Exploramos las pistas de la categoría crítica de los "nuevos realismos" con una metáfora que asume un complejo gesto polémico y renovador en la obra: el vínculo entre este "nuevo" realismo y la escritura de la memoria; la renovación que emprende El vano ayer de la concepción de la mimesis; y la relación con la genealogía realista heredada de la historia de la literatura española. La metáfora del teatro será a la vez, en su modalidad degradada de la farsa, lo que plasma los fallos del discurso realista actual para contar el pasado, mientras que en su versión más reflexiva, brechtiana, busca exhibir la construcción del discurso y de los imaginarios sociales.
Realidad y artificio en "El día de mañana" de Ignacio Martínez de Pisón
Authors: González Arce Teresa
Published: April 2021

El día de mañana (2011) de Ignacio Martínez de Pisón es una novela polifónica que remite al mismo tiempo a los relatos testimoniales y a las novelas de investigación. En ella, la vida de un confidente de la Brigada Político Social es narrada por doce personajes que hablan frente a un interlocutor que desaparece, dejando al lector aparentemente a solas con los hechos relatados. El ocultamiento del interlocutor y la activación de numerosos efectos de realidad contribuyen a crear un simulacro que, en el epílogo de la novela, será desmantelado por una puesta en abismo. El presente trabajo pretende mostrar cómo las estrategias propias del realismo se articulan con procedimientos metaficcionales para construir un paradigma ético de interpretación del pasado a la luz de los hallazgos del presente.
Globalización y literaturas hispánicas: De lo posnacional a la novela glocal
Authors: Mora Vicente Luis
Published: April 2021

Los movimientos de circulación globales de información, personas y capitales vienen generando desde comienzos del nuevo milenio un giro de información cultural y artística –más audiovisual e interconectada- que han puesto en marcha mecanismos de relación e influencia distintos y más complejos entre realidad y ficción que los pasados. Lo posnacional se conforma como una categoría crítica extendida, y deben ser examinadas sus características y exploradas las formas (estructurales, estilísticas, lingüísticas) en que han podido producir un impacto o influjo en la literatura Transatlántica contemporánea, con un sentido colectivo, plural e interrelacionado. Una de sus nuevas formas creativas podría denominarse novela glocal, algunos de cuyos caracteres se examinan en el presente artículo.
Cruzando límites: Cuestiones críticas y formas actuales de la narrativa escrita por mujeres
Authors: Orecchia Havas Teresa
Published: April 2021

El artículo se abre con una síntesis de las relaciones actuales entre teoría feminista, crítica y prácticas de la escritura en las letras hispanoamericanas y recuerda la necesidad de seguir investigando desde parámetros actualizados los vínculos del sujeto femenino con la creación artística. Centrándose en la observación de nuevos imaginarios y nuevas subjetividades en la narrativa escrita por mujeres, el ensayo defiende la hipótesis de que los textos recientes elaboran un cuestionamiento de límites –topográficos, nacionales, lingüísticos, genéricos– que toma forma con la presencia ficcional de subjetividades diaspóricas así como de una interrogación (explícita o solapada) sobre los orígenes del sujeto. Se comentan en particular obras de Luisa Valenzuela, Sylvia Molloy, Matilde Sánchez y Pola Oloixarac.
El simulacro de la desidentidad. Las figuras autoriales en el espacio autoficcional de Aira y Vila-Matas
Authors: Decock Pablo
Published: April 2021

Ciertamente, una serie de los textos que se inscriben en el campo autoficcional contemporáneo se distingue por la recreación, salpicada de una fuerte dosis de auto-ironía, de una figura de autor desacralizada o banalizada que parece jugar con el aura benjaminiana del autor. Escritores como el argentino César Aira (°1949) y el catalán Enrique Vila-Matas (°1948) son dos de los más destacados exponentes hispanos de esta modalidad autoficcional. En este trabajo se mostrará que, a pesar de una semantización sui generis de la figura de autor, ambos escritores ponen en escena yoes autoficcionales melancólicos que son articulados por una dialéctica de revelación y ocultamiento y que trastornan el horizonte hermenéutico del lector.
Mapa(s) sin territorio. Un paseo por la autoficción de Elías León Siminiani
Authors: Gómez Iván
Published: April 2021

En 2009, Elías León Siminiani estrenaba su cortometraje Límites 1ª persona, en el que de manera concisa mostraba cómo podía explicarse una ruptura amorosa a través de una reflexión sobre las convenciones presentes en todo discurso cinematográfico. Con buenas dosis de humor Siminiani construye, a su vez, este cortometraje como una respuesta especular a Zoom, rodado en el 2005. Ese juego de espejos acaba integrándose de manera natural en Mapa, su primer largometraje, estrenado en el 2012, y que cuenta las visicitudes de un viaje a la India en el que Siminiani disecciona pasajes relevantes de su propia vida, integrando sus anteriores trabajos autoficcionales, reflexionando sobre la naturaleza del dispositivo cinematográfico y, en definitiva, utilizando una batería de recursos expresivos que pretenden dar cuenta de un tránsito vital doloroso, en estricta clave autoficcional. El propósito de este artículo es indagar en los elementos más significativos de dicho discurso autoficcional, intentando posicionar un producto tan atractivo como inclasificable, Mapa, en el actual panorama de un cine español atrapado entre la crisis industrial y los intentos de renovación que provienen de autores como el propio Siminiani.
Energieeffizient Schadstoffe oxidieren
Authors: Hagen Matthias
Published: April 2021

Mit regenerativ-thermischen Oxidationsanlagen einer baden-württembergischen Firma werden Schadstoffe und Geruchsemissionen nahezu vollständig entfernt. Dafür wird kaum Energie benötigt. Solche Anlagen zur Abgasreinigung schützen also Umwelt und Klima.
Geringes Müllvolumen in der Antarktis
Authors: Lingner Franziska
Published: April 2021

Ein Zweiwellen-Zerkleinerer einer bayerischen Firma verringert das Müllvolumen der deutschen Forschungsstation „Gars OʼHiggins“ in der Antarktis auf ein Fünftel.
Klimaneutral auf Lebenszeit
Authors: Neubert Jörn
Published: April 2021

Der dänische Dachfensterhersteller Velux will mit „Power Purchase Agreements“, kurz PPA – speziellen langfristigen Stromlieferverträgen, spätestens Ende 2023 nur noch erneuerbaren Strom beziehen.
Edelstahl beizen ohne Salpetersäure
Authors: Stephan Hans-Oscar
Published: April 2021

Ein Verfahren einer Düsseldorfer Firma optimiert die Nachhaltigkeit und Kosteneffizienz beim Beizen von Edelstahl, also dem entfernen des Zunders. Als Oxidationsmittel wird hier dreiwertiges Eisen eingesetzt - statt wie üblich Salpetersäure. Im Gegensatz zu den klassischen Mischsystemen aus Salpeter- und Flusssäure entstehen daher dabei weder giftige Stickoxide noch nitratbelastetes Abwasser.
Mit Wasserstoffperoxid gegen Mikroben
Authors: Esteves Bruno
Published: April 2021

Ein dänisches Start-up hat einen Weg gefunden, Wasserstoffperoxid direkt vor Ort herzustellen, wo das Peroxid gegen Mikroben eingesetzt werden soll, um etwa sauberes Trinkwasser zu garantieren. Ein Essener Spezialchemikalienhersteller beteiligt sich jetzt finanziell.
Ein Weltrat für Chemikalien & Abfälle
Authors: Scheringer Martin , Schaeffer Andreas , Altenburger Rolf
Published: April 2021

Das Umweltprogramm der Vereinten Nationen (UNEP) stellte 2019 große Lücken im Umgang mit dem weltweiten Management chemischer Substanzen fest. Um diese zu schließen, schlagen Wissenschaftler nun vor, einen Globalen Rat für Chemikalien und Abfälle ins Leben zu rufen.
Die richtige Technik für den Fall der Fälle
Authors: Aperdannier Jens
Published: April 2021

Ein Brandschutzkonzept muss individuell nach den besonderen Anforderungen des jeweils zu schützenden Gebäudes erstellt und umgesetzt werden. Oberstes Ziel für Planer und Fachingenieure ist es dabei, mit zeitgemäßer Technik Brände schnell und sicher zu erkennen und Sekundärschäden bei der Löschung so gering wie möglich zu halten.
Vermeidung von Schäden in Warmwasser-Heizungsanlagen – Steinbildung und wasserseitige Korrosion
Authors: Rühling Karin
Published: April 2021

So lautet der Titel der im März 2021 erschienenen VDI-Richtlinie 2035 Blatt 1. Der Weg war lang, aber nur so konnte es gelingen, Praxiserfahrungen verschiedener Akteursgruppen und einschlägige wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse in eine anerkannte Regel der Technik einfließen zu lassen und gleichzeitig die Anwendbarkeit der Vorgaben in Produktentwicklung und täglicher Praxis vorzuprüfen.
Infektionsschutz durch Lüftungsgeräte und Luftreiniger
Authors: Schaub Michael , Obermann Steffen , Derwein Dennis , Rewitz Kai , Müller Dirk
Published: April 2021

Feldversuche im Rahmen der Neuentwicklung eines hybriden Lüftungs- und Luftreinigungsgeräts legen nahe, dass eine Messung der Aerosolkonzentration in der Raumluft unter Realbedingungen keine belastbaren Rückschlüsse auf das aktuelle aerogene Infektionsrisiko zulässt. Ferner ist bei Abklingversuchen nach einer künstlichen Aerosoleinbringung die Berücksichtigung von instationären Parametern erforderlich, um eine Bewertung der tatsächlichen Schutzwirkung von Lüftungsmaßnahmen in Aufenthaltsräumen vornehmen zu können.
Vom Schädling zum Nützling
Authors: Genath Bernd
Published: April 2021

Bei dem Lackierbetrieb KSK im westfälischen Geilenkirchen hat eine Mikrogasturbine zwei Aufgaben: zum einen als klassisches BHKW Strom und Wärme zu erzeugen, zum anderen die lösungsmittelreiche Abluft zu entgiften. Beides gelingt seit gut einem Jahr störungsfrei und effizient.
Alternative Ansätze für eine Wärmewende im Bestand
Authors: Giel Thomas
Published: April 2021

Die Wärmewende ist quantitativ der bedeutendste Teil der gesamten Energiewende, gleichzeitig geht es hier insbesondere bei den Bestandsgebäuden nur langsam voran. Um die angestrebte Klimaneutralität zu erreichen, sind neue Denkansätze gefragt. Aktivierte Installationszonen an Raumdecken in Kombination mit durch weiterentwickelte, kalte Nahwärmenetze gespeiste Wärmepumpen könnten eine nutzbringende Alternativen sein.
„Belästigung ist nicht gleich Belastung“
Authors: Grenzland Heiner
Published: April 2021

Zum „Tag gegen den Lärm“ erinnert unser Auto daran, wie sich Lärm im Verlaufe der Zeit entwickelt hat und welchen Belastungen durch Lärm wir ausgesetzt sind. Dazu gibt es Positives zu vermelden, gleichzeitig sind die Prognosen der Europäischen Umweltagentur (EAA) weniger erfreulich. Das führt zu der Frage, mit welchen Herausforderungen wir es gegenwärtig noch zu tun haben.
RHINOPLASTY OF POSTTRAUMATIC NOSE INJURIES
Authors:   Department Of Otolaryngology And StomatologyTashkent Medical Academy, Uzbekistan, Boliev E.Sh. , Makhamadaminova Sh.A. ,   Department Of Otolaryngology And StomatologyTashkent Medical Academy, Uzbekistan
Published: April 2021

The aesthetic and functional significance of the external nose gives particular relevance to the treatment of its injuries. The social importance of the problem is caused by the widespread prevalence of nasoseptal injuries, the frequency of development ofserious post-traumatic disorders of the appearance and normal physiology of patients, and unsatisfactory results of treatment of this pathology. The pyramid of the nose is the most vulnerable and fragile part of the facial skull, therefore, fractures of the nasal bones constitute a significant proportion of all injuries of the musculoskeletal system and occupy the third place among the total number of fractures of the human skeleton, are the most common among emergency conditions of ENT organs. In the general population, patients with this pathology account for up to 0.021%.
Programa de Rehabilitación y Desempeño Funcional de pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson Centro Médico Naval “Cirujano Mayor Santiago Távara”
Authors: Díaz-Meyzan LesLy , Gambini-Díaz Angello , Pérez-Agüero Carolina
Published: April 2021

Objetivo. Determinar la asociación existente entre la aplicación del Programa de Rehabilitación (PR) y el Desempeño Funcional (DF) de pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson en el Centro Médico Naval “Cirujano Mayor Santiago Távara”. Métodos. Estudio analítico, longitudinal, de cohortes retrospectivo, en 18 meses. Mediante una muestra de 46 pacientes, en dos cohortes, se determinó el desempeño funcional por  dimensiones de actividades básicas (índices de Barthel), fuerza y resistencia (SPPB) y velocidad de marcha. Se usaron cinco valores o categorías para determinar la dependencia, fragilidad y descoordinación. Se determinó la normalidad mediante la prueba Kolmogorov-Smirnov y para el análisis estadístico se empleó la U de Mann- Whitney, donde se consideró significativo un valor de p <0,05. Resultados. El promedio de edad de pacientes fue 79 +/- 3 años (rango: 76-82) de la cohorte expuesta y 72 +/- 3 años (69-75) de la cohorte no expuesta al PR, 33 (71,7 %) fueron varones del total de la muestra. El 54,3 % (25) tuvieron una o más caídas y en el 45,65 % (21) su cuidador era un familiar. Existe asociación directa entre el PR y el DF (p = 0,009) y en sus dimensiones: actividades básicas (p = 0,001), fuerza y resistencia (p=0,001) y velocidad de marcha (p = 0,001). La cohorte o grupo expuesto al PR mejoró en autonomía, independencia, resistencia y equilibrio en relación al grupo no participante del PR. Conclusiones. Existe asociación directa entre el PR y el DF en todas sus dimensiones: actividades básicas, fuerza, resistencia y velocidad de marcha. A mayor duración del PR se observó mejor DF.
Seroprevalencia de infección por dengue y factores asociados en residentes del centro poblado Fila Alta.
Authors: Facundo Chinguel Aydee , Sánchez Gabriela , Rivera-Salazar Christian , Cruz-López Cinthya
Published: April 2021

Objetivo. El estudio tuvo como objetivos determinar la seroprevalencia de infección por dengue e identifcar los factores asociados en los residentes del centro poblado Fila Alta, distrito de Jaén, departamento de Cajamarca, durante los meses de septiembre a diciembre del 2019. Métodos. Estudio observacional, transversal, prospectivo con diseño no experimental de enfoque descriptivo-correlacional. La muestra estuvo conformada por 172 pobladores de ambos géneros y el muestreo fue aleatorio simple. La seroprevalencia de anticuerpos IgG se determinó mediante la prueba inmunoenzimática indirecta (ELISA) y se aplicó una encuesta estructurada para identifcar los factores asociados al dengue. Asimismo, se utilizó la prueba de chi cuadrado para establecer la relación entre las variables estudiadas. Resultados. El 19,2 % de pobladores presentaron anticuerpos IgG frente al dengue, siendo más frecuente en las mujeres (12,2 %). El 9,3 % (OR: 0,18; RP: 0,16; IC95 %: 0,09-0,23) de estudiantes y el 5,8 % (OR: 0,31 RP: 0,24; IC95 %: 0,11-0,37) de amas de casa resultaron seropositivos al dengue. Además, el 15,7 % (OR: 0,28; RP: 0,22; IC95 %: 0,15-0,29) de pobladores seropositivos se abastecía de agua a través de tanques y el material más utilizado en la construcción de sus viviendas fue el adobe (8,7 %; OR: 0,94; RP: 0,48; IC95 %: 0,30-0,66). Conclusiones. La seroprevalencia de la infección por dengue es alta y está relacionada signifcativamente con la ocupación de los pobladores y el material de las paredes de sus viviendas.
TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN PERAWAT DALAM MELAKUKAN MASSAGE PADA BAYI BARU LAHIR DI RUMAH SAKIT ADVENT BANDUNG
Authors: Pasaribu Rachel Frida , Sitompul Monalisa
Published: April 2021

Latar Belakang: Massage bayi merupakan seni perawatan kesehatan dan pengobatan yang dipraktikkan sejak berabad-abad, Massage bayi disebut dengan stimulus touch dan dapat diberikan sedini mungkin kepada bayi baru lahir, massage bayi ini sangat banyak manfaatnya yaitu dapat meningkatkan berat badan pada bayi,  memberikan kenyaman kepada bayi, membantu melancarkan sirkulasi darah pada bayi, membantu melancarka sistem percernaan pada bayi. Penelitian ini bertujuan  mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan perawat dalam melakukan massage pada bayi baru lahir. Penelitian merupakan hasil analisis corelational dengan rancangan cross sectional yang dilakukan dengan membagikan kuesioner. Responden merupakan  karyawan Rumah Sakit Advent Bandung di departemen Obgyn. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengetahuan perawat tentang pijat bayi berpengetahuan baik (20,3%) Uji statistik Chi square menunjukkan 0,000)<α0,05 yang artinya ada hubungan antara pengetahuan perawat tentang pijat bayi di Rumah Sakit Advent Bandung.

Background: Baby massage is an art of health care and medicine that has been practiced for centuries, baby massage is called the touch stimulus and can be given as early as possible to newborns, this baby massage has many benefits, namely it can increase weight in babies, provide comfort. to babies, helps improve blood circulation in babies, helps smooth the digestive system in babies. This study aims to determine the level of knowledge of nurses in performing massage for newborns. This study is the result of a correlational analysis with a cross-sectional design which was conducted by distributing questionnaires. Respondents are employees of the Bandung Adventist Hospital in the Obgyn department. The results showed that the knowledge of nurses about infant massage had good knowledge (20.3%). Chi square statistical test showed 0.000) <α0.05, which means that there is a relationship between the knowledge of nurses about infant massage at Adventist Hospital Bandung.
Proppant szemcsék mikromechanikai paramétereinek meghatározása
Authors: Lengyel Tamás , Varga Attila
Published: April 2021

A hidraulikus rétegrepesztés egy rétegkezelő eljárás, melynek célja, hogy az alacsony hozammal rendelkező kutak produktivitását megnövelje. A szivattyúzás megszűnése után, a rétegnyomásnak megfelelően a repedés újra összezár, ezáltal a proppant szemcsék deformációt szenvednek (megakadályozzák a visszazáródást/kitámasztják a repedést), illetve beágyazódnak a repedés felszínébe, ami jelentősen csökkenti a kialakított repedés konduktivitását. Feltevésünk szerint a diszkrét elemes módszer alkalmas a hidraulikus rétegrepesztés teljesítményének vizsgálatra. Ahhoz, hogy ezt a jelenséget modellezni tudjuk először meg kell határozni szemcsehalmaz mikromechanikai paramétereit. Jelen cikkben a proppant szemcsék mikromechankai paramétereinek a meghatározását mutatjuk be különböző diszkrét elemes szoftverek segítségével.
Optimális neurális hálózat kiválasztása Bayes-becslés segítségével
Authors: Szekeres Béla , Kondics Milán
Published: April 2021

Ezen munkánkban célunk, hogy neurális hálózatokra alkalmazva a Bayes-becslést az \textit{a posteriori} becslések során a különböző modellek közül kiválasszuk a tanító adatoknak legjobban megfelelőt. Mindehhez egy sokdimenziós integrál kiszámítása szükséges, amely a hagyományos Monte-Carlo módszerekkel is nehéz feladat; erre a célra a {beágyazott mintavételezés (nested sampling)} algoritmust alkalmazzuk, és a számítások járulékos eredményeként kapjuk meg a betanított hálózatot a hiperparaméterek terében is bolyongást végezve. Továbbá rámutatunk arra, hogyan lehet ötvözni a gradiens visszaterjesztéses és a véletlen bolyongásos tanítást hibrid hálózatokat nyerve.
Rendezetlen alkatrészek rakodási folyamatának fejlesztése
Authors: Magyar Gergely , Andó Mátyás , Sebestyén László Ádám , Magyar Gábor
Published: April 2021

Ebben a cikkben egy automatizált rakodó (bin-picking) rendszer kialakításának, illetve tovább fejlesztésének lépéseit fogjuk bemutatni. A rendszernek a feladata, hogy a rendezetlenül szállított tengelycsonkokat egy robot rendezetten a palettára helyezze. Az automatizált rendszer két elemét fogjuk részletesen bemutatni: a robotprogramot és forgató asztal működését. Kitérünk a robotprogram fő- és alprogramjai közötti összefüggésekre és a működéshez megfelelő struktúra megvalósítására. A forgató asztal működésének fejlesztését több lépésen keresztül mutatjuk be, szisztematikus mérésekkel igazolva az eredményeket. A rendszer működőképességét azóta több ezer kipakolás is igazolja.
The effect of adding morphine to intratecal bupivacaine on postoperative analgesia in patients with perianal surgery
Authors: BABAYİĞİT Münire
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Aim: Pain is the major problem early postoperative period after perianal operations. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of adding 50 μg or 100 μg of morphine on intrathecal 5 mg hyperbaric bupivacaine on postoperative analgesia before anal surgery.

Material and Method: A total of 60 patients divided into 3 groups, including 20 patients in each group, were included for the study; Group 1: 5 mg 0.5% heavy bupivacaine (HB), Group 2: 5 mg 0.5% HB and 50 μg Morphine, Group 3: 5 mg 0.5% HB and 100 μg Morphine was intrathecally administered. Intraoperative and postoperative hemodynamics, time to urination and first analgesia requirement, perioperative and postoperative side effects were recorded

Results: The time to first analgesic need in Group 1 (305.40 ± 143.86) was statistically significantly lower than Group 2 (435.50 ± 171.70) and Group 3 (435.50 ± 156.08) was determined (p=0.015). No significant difference was found between urinary retention (p>0.05). It was determined that the postoperative nausea and vomiting percentages (25.0%) in Group 3 were statistically significantly higher than Group 2 (5.0%) and Group 1 (0.0%) (p
The relationship between health-related quality of life and demographic characteristics in patients with chronic hepatitis B
Authors: ALAY Handan , YILMAZ Sinan , PARLAK Mehmet , KESMEZ CAN Fatma , PÜR Nurdan
Published: April 2021

Introduction: The evaluation of health-related quality of life at specific intervals in chronic hepatitis B patients is important in terms of producing interventions aimed at raising quality of life.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to measure health-related quality of life in CHB patients and to evaluate its association with demographic characteristics.

Material and Method: The study was conducted with CHB patients presenting to the infectious diseases clinic between 01 January and 15 March, 2020. Date were collected demographic characteristics, and with the short form-36 (SF-36).

Results: Two hundred fourteen patients diagnosed with CHB and receiving nucleos(t)ide therapy were included in the study. Patients’ mean age was 41.9±12.9 years, 60.7% (n=130) were men, 83.6% were married, and 44.9% were educated to middle school level. Mean scores on all subscales were higher among men. Patients’ SF-36 subscale scores differed significantly in terms of education. Unmarried individuals registered higher mean scales on the SF-36 subscales compared to married participants. The score distributions of housewives and clerical workers differed significantly on the physical functioning (PF), social functioning (SF), and physical role limitation (PRL) subscales (p
Recurrence rates and factors affecting recurrence after traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation
Authors: BUYUKKUSCU Mehmet Ozbey , KULDUK Ahmet , AYDIN Abdurrahman , ÇETİNKAYA Engin , GÜRSÜ Şükrü Sarper
Published: April 2021

Objective: To investigate the factors affecting the recurrence of anterior shoulder dislocation, identify the patient group with the highest recurrence rate for shoulder dislocation, and determine the patient population to be recommended surgical treatment after primary dislocation.

Material and Methods: Patients diagnosed with primary shoulder dislocation and treated in our hospital between January 2005 and January 2017 were retrospectively screened. Of the 1395 patients identified, 1253 were reached by phone to obtain follow-up information. Patients whose follow-up information was not available, those with posterior dislocations, multidirectional instabilities, general joint hypermobility, traumatic nerve injury or shoulder fracture-dislocations (including greater tuberosity and glenoid fractures), and those that had undergone surgical treatment after primary dislocation were excluded from the study. The general joint laxity of the patients was evaluated using the Beighton scale. Patients with traumatic primary anterior shoulder dislocation and at least two years of follow-up data were included in the study and divided into three age groups as under 20, 20 to 40, over 40.

Results: After applying the exclusion and inclusion criteria, 1,004 patients were included in the study. Recurrence was detected in 408 of these patients (40.6%). The highest recurrence rate was in the under 20 years old group at 52% (88/170). The recurrence rate was determined as 43% (283/659) for the 20-40 years group and 21% (37/175) for the over 40 group. It was determined that except for age, gender and presence of bone defects (Hill-Sachs lesion), the remaining parameters, namely immobilization time, injury mechanism, presence and type of sports activity, dominant-side dislocation, and smoking had no significant effect on the risk of recurrence after primary dislocation.

Conclusion: In conclusion, the surgical treatment option should be presented to young male patients with bone defects after primary dislocation and they should be informed about the possible problems due to recurrent instability.
The frequency of butchery marks on goat (Capra hircus) remains from pastoral Khoekhoe villages at Gobabeb, Namibia
Authors: Badenhorst Shaw , Kimambo Jackson S.
Published: April 2021

Khoekhoe pastoralists living in Gobabeb, in the arid Kuiseb River Valley of central-western Namibia, keep goats (Capra hircus). Several decades ago, palaeontologist C.K. Brain collected modern skeletal remains of goats from these villages. The goats were butchered using pocketknives with metal blades. We investigated the frequency of butchery marks on a sub-sam- ple of this collection, representing 60% of the total assemblage. Most specimens in the collection are weathered. Moreover, most goat specimens from Gobabeb lack butchery evidence and even the use of magnification only marginally increased this number. We compared our results with the frequency of butchery marks documented from Early and Middle Iron Age samples from South Africa, a time when sheep dominated faunal assemblages and were slaughtered using metal knives. The frequency of specimens with butchery marks in the goat sample from Gobabeb is higher than that recorded for the Early and Middle Iron Age samples. The higher frequency of butchery marks on the goat remains from Gobabeb may relate to aspects such as the butchering method and style, as well as the large size of the specimens themselves.
The Anatomy of an Unusual Edge-on Protoplanetary Disk. I. Dust Settling in a Cold Disk
Authors: Wolff Schuyler G. , Duchêne Gaspard , Stapelfeldt Karl R. , Ménard Francois , Flores Christian , Padgett Deborah , Pinte Christophe , Villenave Marion , van der Plas Gerrit , Perrin Marshall D.
Published: April 2021

As the earliest stage of planet formation, massive, optically thick, and gas-rich protoplanetary disks provide key insights into the physics of star and planet formation. When viewed edge-on, high-resolution images offer a unique opportunity to study both the radial and vertical structures of these disks and relate this to vertical settling, radial drift, grain growth, and changes in the midplane temperatures. In this work, we present multi-epoch Hubble Space Telescope and Keck scattered light images, and an Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array 1.3 mm continuum map for the remarkably flat edge-on protoplanetary disk SSTC2DJ163131.2–242627, a young solar-type star in ρ Ophiuchus. We model the 0.8 μm and 1.3 mm images in separate Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) runs to investigate the geometry and dust properties of the disk using the MCFOST radiative transfer code. In scattered light, we are sensitive to the smaller dust grains in the surface layers of the disk, while the submillimeter dust continuum observations probe larger grains closer to the disk midplane. An MCMC run combining both data sets using a covariance-based log-likelihood estimation was marginally successful, implying insufficient complexity in our disk model. The disk is well characterized by a flared disk model with an exponentially tapered outer edge viewed nearly edge-on, though some degree of dust settling is required to reproduce the vertically thin profile and lack of apparent flaring. A colder than expected disk midplane, evidence for dust settling, and residual radial substructures all point to a more complex radial density profile to be probed with future, higher-resolution observations.
Biases in Orbital Fitting of Directly Imaged Exoplanets with Small Orbital Coverage
Authors: Ferrer-Chávez Rodrigo , Wang Jason J. , Blunt Sarah
Published: April 2021

The eccentricity of a planet’s orbit and the inclination of its orbital plane encode important information about its formation and history. However, exoplanets detected via direct imaging are often only observed over a very small fraction of their period, making it challenging to perform reliable physical inferences given wide, unconstrained posteriors. The aim of this project is to investigate biases (deviation of the median and mode of the posterior from the true values of orbital parameters, and the width and coverage of their credible intervals) in the estimation of orbital parameters of directly imaged exoplanets, particularly their eccentricities, and to define general guidelines to perform better estimations of uncertainty. For this, we constructed various orbits and generated mock data for each spanning ∼0.5% of the orbital period. We used the Orbits For The Impatient algorithm to compute orbit posteriors and compared those to the true values of the orbital parameters. We found that the inclination of the orbital plane is the parameter that most affects our estimations of eccentricity, with orbits that appear near edge on producing eccentricity distributions skewed away from the true values and often bimodal. We also identified a degeneracy between eccentricity and inclination that makes it difficult to distinguish posteriors of face-on, eccentric orbits and edge-on, circular orbits. For the exoplanet-imaging community, we propose practical recommendations, guidelines, and warnings relevant to orbit fitting.
New Positions of Triton Based on Gaia DR2 and New Image-processing Methods
Authors: Zhang H. Y. , Qiao R. C. , Yu Y. , Yan D. , Tang K.
Published: April 2021

The large time span and precise observational data of natural satellites is of great significance for updating their ephemerides and studying their dynamic characteristics. With the help of the new image-processing methods and the Gaia DR2 catalog, all CCD images of Triton taken with the 1.56 m telescope of Shanghai Astronomical Observatory during 2005–2009 were reanalyzed. The median filtering algorithm is used for image preprocessing to remove the influence of the halo of Neptune, and an upgraded modified moment, called the intensity-square-weighted centroiding method, is applied to determine the centroids of the stars and Triton. A total of 2299 positions of Triton were obtained, including 263 new observed positions and 2036 updated observed positions. Such five-year time span data with high precision will be very helpful to improve the orbit parameters of Triton.
Understanding the Lunar Nearside–Farside Dichotomy via In Situ Trace Element Measurements: The Scientific Framework of a Prospective Landed Mission
Authors: Farcy Benjamin , Arevalo Ricardo , McDonough William F.
Published: April 2021

Trace elements, distinguished by their low abundances (parts per million by weight (ppmw)), track local, regional, and planetary-scale processes in samples sourced from throughout the solar system. Such analyses of lunar samples have provided insights on its surface rocks and interpretations of its deep interior. However, returned samples, sourced from the lunar nearside, cannot be used to address processes responsible for the morphological dichotomy between the lunar nearside and farside. The hemispherical dichotomy points to distinct evolutionary histories of these two domains, rendering our understanding of lunar history incomplete. We outline the scientific justification for a landed, in situ investigation of lunar farside lithologies, focusing on chemical analyses that will constrain the Moon’s bi-hemispherical chemical evolution. Newly developed and heritage spaceflight instruments, capable of measuring low element abundances (limits of detection <10 ppmw ± 20%), can be deployed on the lunar farside and provide constraints on (1) the temperature and pressure of mare basalt crystallization, (2) depth-dependent mineralogical and compositional changes in the lunar mantle, (3) the chronology of major geologic events, and (4) abundances and distributions of refractory and heat-producing elements of the lunar farside mantle. The science return and logistical challenges of targeting four specific landing sites on the lunar farside are identified: Moscoviense, Apollo, Von Kármán, and Leibnitz craters. These sites maximize impact melt basin lithologies and later mare magmatism, and they minimize terrain hazards.
DNA barcoding for bio-surveillance of emerging pests and species identification in Afrotropical Prioninae (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae)
Authors: Javal Marion , Terblanche John , Conlong Desmond , Delahaye Norbert , Grobbelaar Elizabeth , Benoit Laure , Lopez-Vaamonde Carlos , Haran Julien
Published: April 2021

DNA barcoding has been succesfully used for bio-surveillance of forest and agricultural pests in temperate areas, but has few applications in the tropics and particulary in Africa.Cacosceles newmannii(Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is a Prioninae species that is locally causing extensive damage in commercially-grown sugarcane in the KwaZulu-Natal Province in South Africa. Due to the risk of spread of this species to the rest of southern Africa and to other sugarcane growing regions, clear and easy identification of this pest is critical for monitoring and for phytosanitary services. The genusCacoscelesNewman, 1838 includes four species, most being very similar in morphology. The damaging stage of the species is the larva, which is inherently difficult to distinguish morphologically from other Cerambycidae species. A tool for rapid and reliable identification of this species was needed by plant protection and quarantine agencies to monitor its potential abundance and spread. Here, we provide newly-generated barcodes forC. newmanniithat can be used to reliably identify any life stage, even by non-trained taxonomists. In addition, we compiled a curated DNA barcoding reference library for 70 specimens of 20 named species of Afrotropical Prioninae to evaluate DNA barcoding as a valid tool to identify them. We also assessed the level of deeply conspecific mitochondrial lineages. Sequences were assigned to 42 different Barcode Index Numbers (BINs), 28 of which were new to BOLD. Out of the 20 named species barcoded, 11 (52.4%) had their own unique Barcode Index Number (BIN). Eight species (38.1%) showed multiple BINs with no morphological differentiation. Amongst them,C. newmanniishowed two highly divergent genetic clusters which co-occur sympatrically, but further investigation is required to test whether they could represent new cryptic species.
Un malaise dans la psychanalyse
Authors: Porge Erik
Published: April 2021

Les modalités notamment langagières de la guerre déclarée contre le virus de la covid 19 ont ravivé le poids des enjeux politiques de la santé (en vigueur en France depuis le xviii e  siècle). Parmi ceux-ci, l’emploi d’une logique s’appuyant sur la considération d’un universel qui confond le tout de l’entièreté et le tout de la pluralité et néglige le pas-tout , a eu des effets nocifs sur quantité d’individus, et a donné au surmoi un caractère collectif facteur de « désagrégation moléculaire » (Lacan, Écrits , p. 137). Cela n’est pas sans conséquences pour la pratique de la psychanalyse, notamment celle la téléanalyse qui s’est répandue. Cela pose la question de savoir si celle-ci répond aux conditions posées par Freud et Lacan à l’analyse du transfert. Alors, la psychanalyse est-elle une « épidémie » (comme celle du virus) ou un « poumon artificiel » ?
Un rêve de l’empereur Jules César – Réflexions sur la figure du chiasme
Authors: Dal Bon Christine
Published: April 2021

La veille de franchir le Rubicon, le 10 janvier de l’an 49 avant notre ère, Jules César « rêva qu’il s’unissait sexuellement avec sa mère ». Ce fragment, relaté par Plutarque, m’a servi de prétexte pour parcourir des textes anciens. Un rêve d’inceste et une tactique offensive majeure : quel lien établir entre des éléments si différents et contemporains ? L’interrogation à laquelle cette étude m’a conduite porte sur la nature du lien lui-même entre inceste et parricide. Plutarque nous les livre dans une proximité chronologique. Or, ils pourraient être corrélés entre eux de façon latente et selon diverses modalités : causalité, réciprocité, synergie, etc. L’idée qui m’est venue à partir du vestige onirique de Jules César porte sur la logique spécifique du chiasme. Or, les premières théorisations qui concernent son introduction dans la sculpture du marbre datent, à peu près, de l’époque où Sophocle a écrit ses tragédies.
Figures actuelles de l’ancêtre et du sorcier en clinique africaine
Authors: Barry Aboubacar
Published: April 2021

En 2001, j’avais entrepris une étude sur la manière dont les entités de l’ancêtre et du sorcier intervenaient dans la pratique clinique avec des patients africains, ainsi qu’une tentative de conceptualisation de ces explications. J’ai pu observer par la suite que ces figures, bien qu’elles restent prégnantes encore aujourd’hui, connaissent des mutations surtout dans les milieux urbains et en contexte migratoire. Il semble que l’on soit en train de passer de tentatives de symbolisation des pathologies, à des formes de pathologies du symbolique accompagnant les mouvements d’individualisations actuelles et la perte des repères anciens.
Differences in Staff–Resident Interactions Between Male and Female Residents in Nursing Homes
Authors: McPherson Rachel , Resnick Barbara , Galik Elizabeth , Kolanowski Ann , Boltz Marie , Van Haitsma Kimberly
Published: April 2021

The purpose of the current study was to describe gender differences in the quality of interactions between nursing home residents with behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia and staff. Data from the Evidence Integration Triangle for Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (EIT-4-BPSD) implementation study were used for the current study. A total of 535 residents (72% female and 28% male) from 55 settings were included in the analyses. The highest percentage of interactions occurred in dining rooms (38.4%) and with nursing staff (68%). There were no significant differences in the quality of staff interactions with male or female residents. Most interactions were positive social (
n
= 360, 71% males, 66% females), positive care (
n
= 312, 60% males, 58% females), or neutral (
n
= 123, 25% males, 22% females). There were 31 (7% males, 6% females) negative protective and 23 (3% male, 5% female) negative restrictive interactions. Future work should focus on eliminating neutral and negative interactions across both genders and address whether the gender of staff is related to the quality of staff–resident interaction. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 47
(5), 19–25.]
Interventions to Improve Health and Well-Being Among Family Caregivers of Older Adults With Chronic Illnesses: A Scoping Review
Authors: Khiewchaum Rungnapha , Chase Jo-Ana D.
Published: April 2021

Caregivers of older adults with chronic illnesses often face challenges that harm their health and well-being. Evidence-based strategies are needed to address such outcomes. The current study aims to synthesize interventions designed to improve the health and well-being of caregivers of older adults with chronic illnesses. Search strategies included investigating four databases (e.g., PubMed, CINAHL), as well as conducting bibliographic, hand, and author searches. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials conducted between 2009 and 2019 that included family caregivers of older adults with chronic illnesses aged ≥65 and that reported care-giver health or well-being outcomes. Data from 24 eligible studies were extracted, analyzed, and narratively synthesized. Although intervention characteristics were diverse (e.g., strategies, interventionists), most improved health and well-being. Thus, providers have an array of interventions available to them to help caregivers. Future caregiver research should examine theory-driven interventions among diverse samples, clearly report intervention dose, and measure physical health. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 47
(5), 45–51.]
High-Accuracy Optical Frequency Atomic Clock
Authors: HEO Myoung-Sun , YU Dai-Hyuk , LEE Won-Kyu
Published: April 2021

Frequencies have been the most accurately measured physical quantity since the second was defined in 1967 based on the microwave atomic transition of a Cs atom. Recently, atomic clocks using optical frequency transitions have shown an order of magnitude better accuracy than microwave clocks. Thanks to their high accuracy and resolution, atomic clocks have become a new tool for investigations involving fundamental science and technology, such as the search for dark matter, gravitational wave detection, the temporal variation of fundamental constants, relativistic geodesy, quantum metrology, and the advanced Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). In addition, a redefinition of the second based on the optical frequency is expected. In this paper, we review the principles and applications of optical clocks.
Speleogenesis and depositional history of paleokarst phreatic caves/cavities; Podgrad, SW Slovenia
Authors: Otoničar Bojan
Published: April 2021

The studied paleokarst corresponds to an uplifted peripheral foreland bulge when Upper Cretaceous diagenetically immature eogenetic carbonates were subaerially exposed, karstified and subsequently overlain by upper Paleocene/lower Eocene palustrine limestone.Among the subsurface paleokarstic features, both vadose and phreatic forms occur. The phreatic caves/cavities include features characteristic of the mixing zone speleogenesis at the interface between freshwater (brackish water) lenses and the underlying seawater. They were found in various positions with respect to the paleokarstic surface, the deepest being about 75 m below the surface. Three indistinct horizons of cavities/caves and intermediate vugs were recognized. Subsequently, all cavities were completely filled with detrital sediments and speleothems in the phreatic and vadose zones. In general, the phreatic cavities of the lower two horizons are geopetally filled with mudstone derived from incomplete dissolution of the host rock and overlain by coarse-grained, blocky calcite. Shallower below the paleokarst surface, a large phreatic cave of the third horizon is filled with flowstone overlain by reddish micritic carbonate sediment with intercalated calcite rafts. In the upper part of the cave, sediments derived from the paleokarst surface are gradually becoming more abundant. Vadose channels, which may also intersect the cave sediments, are mainly filled with "pedogenic" material derived from the paleokarst surface. Immediately prior to marine transgression over the paleokarst surface, some cavities were filled with marine-derived microturbidites. In general, the diversity of cave fills and the amount of surface material decrease with distance from the paleokarst surface. Below the paleokarst surface, the δ13C and δ18O values of a host rock and cavity deposits show good correlation with trends significant for meteoric diagenesis. It is shown that deposits associated with phreatic caves can be of great importance for the study of the speleogenetic, geomorphological and hydrogeological evolution of certain paleokarst regions.
Resilience as an Opportunity Approach
Authors: Zacher Daniel , Pechlaner Harald
Published: April 2021

Against the background of its conceptual vagueness, practicing resilience is a complex task and a particular challenge for management. Resilience initiatives on the local and regional levels pursue participation by using different methods of stakeholder integration. In this contribution, the private sector is presented as a particularly difficult stakeholder group to attract for cooperative resilience building. Due to limited resources, corporate development and responsibility often remain in the spheres of an operational context. Thus, involvement in regional resilience building is often seen as desirable, but not an integral part of strategic corporate management. This contribution gives recommendations on how coordinated resilience initiatives should act in order to achieve the systematic participation of the private sector. If resilience practice defines measurable outcomes for entrepreneurship and positive experiences are made in the regional network, a sustainable participation of firms in the resilience development should be manifested.
Heurigen 2.0
Authors: Soleder Lara
Published: April 2021

Traditional Heurigen and Buschenschenken have been an important part of Austrian culture for centuries and are mostly run as small family firms. In those businesses, succession is inevitable. Several factors are key for the success of transition processes within a family. Traditional concepts are confronted with digitalization, new technologies, new demand, and social changes. For the chapter at hand, incumbents and heirs of four wine making and Heurigen businesses in the Northern Burgenland were interviewed. Its aim is to investigate the perception of the succession process itself as well as the risk of implementing innovations into traditional concepts. This study shows that innovations are directed by natural circumstances rather than customer demands. The owners rely on traditional concepts with incremental changes to keep customers attracted. Thanks to trust, open communication, and succession processes that spread over long periods of time, neither generation thinks of the handover as problematic.
Opportunities and Challenges of E-Learning in North America
Authors: Abuatiq Prof. Alham
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this chapter is to report the current trends, opportunities, and challenges of e-learning in academic institutions located in North America. A narrative review of the published studies that investigated e-learning is reported. Discussion and analysis of literature are themed according to the dimensions of e-learning reported in the “e-learning framework.” Annually there is an increase in the number of students enrolled in online courses in North America. E-learning offers many opportunities for self-motivated learners. Academic institutions have started updating their curriculums by employing more teaching-integrated technologies and e-learning into the learning pedagogy.