bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study on Probiotic Treatment for Halitosis: Novel Insights into Glucose and Phosphorus Metabolism
Authors: Choi Ji Hye , Song Sehyeon , Jang Min Ji , Haque Md Ariful , Lee Hye Eun , Kim Da Hui , Kim Yeo Ju , Cho Ja Won , Moon Jin Seok , Heo Keon , Park Myeong Soo , Ku Seockmo
Published: December 2024

Background
Halitosis, or bad breath, is associated with oral microbial imbalances and the production of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs). While existing treatments target pathogenic bacteria or oral health indicators, they may not address the underlying systemic complexity. This study explored the efficacy of Complex OK oral probiotics containing Lactobacillus gasseri HHuMIN D and Lactobacillus paracasei OK in mitigating halitosis by evaluating VSC levels and metabolic markers.
Results
A 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted involving 80 participants, 70 of whom completed the study. Significant reductions in hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) and total VSCs were observed in the experimental group compared to the placebo group, with reductions in H₂S levels statistically significant at both Week 4 and Week 12. Despite the absence of significant changes in oral health indicators such as the Tongue Plaque Index (TPI), Gingival Index (GI), Plaque Index (PI), and Patient Hygiene Performance (PHP) Index, as well as levels of harmful oral bacteria, the probiotic supplementation demonstrated its efficacy in maintaining oral microbial balance. Systemic metabolic effects were also observed, including a significant decrease in blood glucose levels and an increase in blood phosphorus levels in the experimental group. These systemic effects suggest that probiotics modulated metabolic pathways to contribute to VSC reduction beyond local oral microbial effects.
Conclusions
These findings suggest that Complex OK reduces halitosis through systemic pathways involving enhanced glucose and phosphorus metabolism, rather than direct bacterial inhibition. The probiotic complex's ability to influence VSCs originating in the gastrointestinal tract is particularly significant. This study provides the first evidence linking systemic metabolic regulation to halitosis reduction, offering a novel and sustainable approach for halitosis management.
Developing and integrating a destination decision support algorithm into an innovative electronic communication platform to improve injury care service coordination in Rwanda: The Rwanda912 study protocol
Authors: Group Rwanda RIGHT , Nishimwe Aurore , Davies Justine , Byiringiro Jean Claude , Bekele Abebe , D'Ambruoso Lucia , Ignatowicz Agnieszka , Alayande Barnabas Tobi , Nyinawankusi Jeanne D'Arc , Uwitonze Jean Marie , Sindikubwabo Jean Nepomuscene , Bagahirwa Irene , Inkotanyi Collins , Jayaraman Sudha , Belli Antonio , Rickard Rob , Nuhu Assuman , Sheferaw Ephrem Daniel , Quiin Laura , Rukundo Gilbert , Muhire Philbert , Munyura Oda , Hagenimana Fabien , Hagumimana Didier
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Delays in getting injured patients to hospital in a timely manner can increase avoidable death and disability. Like many low- or middle-income countries (LMICs), Rwanda experiences delays related to lack of efficient prehospital communication and formal guidelines to triage patients for hospital care. This paper describes the protocol to develop, roll out, and evaluate the effectiveness of a Destination Decision Support Algorithm (DDSA) integrated in an electronic communication platform, ‘912Rwanda’. The DDSA will facilitate the linkage of patients to health facilities able to treat their condition(s). Work will be conducted in three phases: i. development, ii. training and roll-out, and iii. evaluation.
Methods and analysis: Work will be conducted in the pre-hospital emergency service “SAMU - Service d'Aide Medicale Urgente” and health facilities in Kigali City and Musanze District, which serve predominately urban and rural populations, respectively. We will develop interfaces to capture facility and patient-relevant data, which feed into a guideline-based electronic DDSA to match patients to hospitals. We will assess existing trauma care processes using qualitative and quantitative methodologies. This will be followed by a series of consensus workshops to develop at-scene triage guidelines and agree variables to capture in the interfaces. The DDSA will be developed based on outputs from these workshops and tested against historical ambulance data and expert opinion until acceptable thresholds of performance are passed. User interfaces will be developed and tested using human computer interface design principles.
Discussion: The combined collaborative approach of bringing together experts and software developers, and with deep engagement of Rwandan stakeholders, including leadership of Rwanda Ministry of health through its technical arm, the Rwanda Biomedical Center, should lead to an ambulance communication system which is utilized, sustained, and effective.
Trial registration, ISRCTN, ISRCTN97674565. Registered on 29 July 2024. https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN97674565
Correlation between body mass index and disease activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus from China
Authors: Li Hanchao , Du Xinru , Lv Xiaohong , Hao Zhiming , He Lan
Published: December 2024

Objective
To assess the association between clinical indicators (primarily Body Mass Index, BMI) and disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) populations in a large population-based cohort.
Methods
Four hundred consecutive patients with SLE were studied to determine the relation among clinical features, inflammatory and biochemical indicators, and parameters of disease activity. Significance values have been adjusted by Bonferroni correction for multiple tests, then differences between continuous variables were analysed by Kruskal Wallis tests. Multivariate analyses were carried out by multiple linear regression models.
Results
Four hundred SLE patients were included in the study, including 375 women and 25 men. 61 patients (15.25%) were underweight (BMI<18.5 kg/m²), 267 patients (66.75%) had a normal BMI (18.5 kg/m²≤BMI<25 kg/m²), and 72 (18.00%) were overweight (BMI ≥ 25kg/m²). BMI was negatively correlated with SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) score (ρ=-0.11, P = 0.02) and positively correlated with inflammatory index complement component 3 (C3, ρ = 0.19, P = 1.16x10^-4). Patients in underweight group had the highest proportion (14.8%) of moderate to severe disease activity (SLEDAI ≥ 10) compared to normal weight (3.4%) and overweight (1.4%) patients. SLEDAI score, Anti-dsDNA, C3, WBC count, ALT, NEUT and HGB were significantly different between the underweight group and the other two groups.
Conclusions
These findings suggest that SLE patients with low BMI have higher disease activity, which means low BMI exerted a negative impact on disease activity in SLE patients. Causal relation between disease activity and BMI requires further investigation.
Comparison of Passive Ultrasonic and Sonically Activated Irrigation Methods: An Investigation Based on PGE2, NO and IL-6 Levels
Authors: Ersahan Seyda , Fatih Ozcelik , Findikci Sertan , Hepsenoglu Yelda Erdem , Degirmencioglu Duygu , Usta Aslı
Published: December 2024

The effectiveness of Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation(PUI) and Sonically Activated Irrigation(SAI) techniques was investigated in apical periodontitis(AP) patients based on changes in prostaglandin E2(PGE2), nitric oxide(NO), and interleukin-6(IL-6) levels. Sixty-six AP patients and thirty healthy controls were enrolled. Preoperative gingival crevicular fluid(preGCF) PGE2, NO and IL-6 levels were measured before treatment. After chemo-mechanical preparation, teeth were assigned to two groups according to final irrigation protocol[PUI(n:33) and SAI(n:33)]. The same markers were again measured 1 week after treatment(postGCF) and also 1st order most commonly seen bacteria(FMCB) typing was performed on microbial samples of the patients. PostGCF-PGE2 levels of the PUI group were lower than postGCF-PGE2 levels of the SAI group(p = 0.0335). Both postGCF-PE2 and IL-6 levels of the PUI group were significantly decreased after treatment(p < 0.0001), while only postGCF-PE2 levels decreased in the SAI group(p = 0.0316). The PUI system significantly reduced PGE2 and IL-6 levels by better controlling inflammation in the treatment of AP.
The possibility of using the APACHE II score in prognosis of the development of post-operative complications in the elderly with hip fractures
Authors: Bujakovic Tarik , Delibegovic Samir
Published: December 2024

Purpose A large number of patients with hip fractures develop postoperative complications. The APACHE II score has been shown its usefulness in surgical patients. We undertook a study to establish the ability of the APACHE score to assess the prediction of postoperative complications in patients over 65 years old with hip fractures, and to compare them with specific scoring systems developed for orthopaedic patients, and the general ASA Score and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) index.
Methods In order to test the score we used a prospective, cohort study in a tertiary care hospital with 410 consecutive patients aged ≥65 years old with hip fractures. The ASA score, CCI, the Nottingham Hip Fracture Score (NHFS), the POSSUM-P and the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II scores were tested. All complications up to 6 months post-operatively were registered. We categorized the complications according to the Clavien-Dindo Score as minor (1-2) or major (3-5) and we analysed the major post-operative complications.
Results The sensitivity and specificity of APACHE score and the P-POSSUM scores were 53.2 and 90.0, and 73.8 and 72.9, respectively. The area beneath the ROC curve was better for P-POSSUM than APACHE II, but the difference was not statistically significant. Both the P-POSSUM and APACHE II scores were statistically significantly better than ASA, the Nottingham score and CCI.
Conclusion This study showed that APACHE II and POSSUM-P can be used to predict postoperative complications in elderly people with hip fractures.
Epidemiological Profile of Benign and Malignant Central Nervous System Neoplasms in Brazil: A Decadal Analysis
Authors: Bark Bruno Ale , Costa Antônio Nogara Ferreira da , Segnori Bruno Henrique Mota , Martineli Enzo Figueiredo , Bark Guilherme Dorabiallo , de Araujo João Pedro Gorski Ribas , Bark Samir Ale , Scalzo Sofia Daczuk
Published: December 2024

Purpose
To analyze the epidemiological profile of benign and malignant CNS neoplasm patients in Brazil from 2014 to 2024 to inform public health.
Methods
A retrospective, cross-sectional study analyzed data from DATASUS on CNS neoplasm hospitalizations in Brazil from January 2014 to January 2024, using variables such as gender, race, age group, and geographic distribution. Patients lacking race data (33,583) were excluded from the analysis of racial disparities in CNS neoplasm morbidity.
Results
Malignant brain neoplasms (72%) had a higher prevalence compared to benign cases. Male patients had a greater incidence of malignant tumors, while benign tumors were more common in women. The Southeast region recorded the highest number of hospitalizations, highlighting regional disparities in healthcare access. Racial disparities were also noted, with white patients most affected by malignant neoplasms. The study underscores the need for public health policies focusing on early detection, equitable healthcare access, and addressing regional and racial inequalities in treatment outcomes.
Conclusion
This study highlights the predominance of malignant CNS neoplasms in Brazil, regional healthcare disparities, and demographic influences, emphasizing the need for public health strategies focused on early diagnosis, treatment, and equitable resource distribution for vulnerable populations.
Epigenetic-modification associated hnRNPA3 acts as a prognostic biomarker and promotes malignant progression of HCC
Authors: Cai Xufan , Guo Weihui , Wu Fang , Xu Weilang , Ding Tao , Diao Yizhe , Wang Lei , Qian Zhenyuan , Song Guangyuan
Published: December 2024

Objective
hnRNPA3 is highly expressed in numerous malignancies, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but its function and mechanism has not been elucidated. In this study, we performed a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of hnRNPA3 in the TCGA-LIHC dataset and several experiments in vitro to investigate the function and potential mechanisms of hnRNPA3 in HCC.
Methods
Pan-cancer expression including hnRNPA3 levels as well as DNA methylation, associated ceRNA, immune infiltration, and immune checkpoint genes of hnRNPA3 in TCGA-LIHC dataset were assessed. Logistic regression, receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), Kaplan-Meier analysis, and nomogram modeling were used to evaluate prognostic values of hnRNPA3 in HCC. hnRNPA3 level in cell subtypes in HCC tumor microenvironment was analysed through spatial transcriptomic. “pRRophetic” package was used to predict potential chemotherapeutic drugs sensitivity. hnRNPA3 level in HCC patients and cell lines were detected by qRT-PCR or WB. hnRNPA3’s impact on proliferation, migration were studied in SNU449 and HuH7 cell lines. RNA-seq showed hnRNPA3 controled different important singaling passways in HCC.
Results
hnRNPA3 was significantly elevated in HCC tumors compared to controls. hnRNPA3 levels correlated with Age, HCC stage, histologic grade, and tumor status, and may independently predict the overall and disease-specific survival. Significant associations were found between hnRNPA3 levels and DNA methylation. hsa-miR-22-3p may act as a regulatory factor for hnRNPA3 and form a ceRNA network with multiple lncRNAs.Analysis of immune infiltration and immune checkpoint genes revealed a correlation between hnRNPA3 expression and macrophages. The similar conclusion also occurred in the spatial transcriptomic detection. 5-Fluorouracil, Doxorubicin, Etoposide, et al, may be potential sensitive drugs in therapy of high-hnRNPA3 HCC patients. Silencing hnRNPA3 expression in SNU449 and HuH7 cells resulted in reducing proliferation and migration. RNA-seq showed hnRNPA3 played an important regulatory role in the malignant progression of HCC.
Conclusion
hnRNPA3 was found to represent a promising biomarker within HCC diagnosis and prognosis and maybe a potential drug-target in HCC therapy.
Percutaneous posterior full-endoscopic cervical foraminotomy and discectomy (PECFD) for ASD after anterior cervical decompression and fusion
Authors: Li Shun , Liu Yang , Huang Shuai , Chen Jianchong , Ding Ding , Ru Bin , Ji Zhongwei , Liu Wenlong , Guo Ran , Hu Jiaqi , Zhang Nannan , Xu langhai , Xu Yun , Wan Quan
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical effect of percutaneous posterior full-endoscopic cervical foraminotomy and discectomy (PECFD) for treating degenerative diseases of adjacent cervical segments in patients who have undergone anterior cervical decompression and fusion(ACDF). Method: A retrospective observational study was performed between July 2021 and November 2023 on all patients treated with PECFD for adjacent segment disease (ASD) after ACDF. Clinical outcomes were assessed using a visual simulation scale, modified MacNab criteria, and radiological results. Results: Twelve patients (4 women, 8 men) were enrolled in the study. All patients had achieved good clinical results with PECFD. Post-surgical MRI results showed that all patients achieved complete clearance of the nucleus pulposus and significant improvement in both the angle of cervical lordosis and the height of the intervertebral space. The postoperative Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) scores had significantly improved (preoperative vs postoperative day 1, P = 0.01), neck disability index (NDI) score had significantly decreased (preoperative to postoperative day 1, P < 0.001), and the visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for neck pain and arm pain had significantly decreased (P < 0.05) (P = 0.01, P = 0.02, respectively) in all patients. One patient had recurrent ASD. Conclusion: PECFD may be considered as an effective and safe option for the treatment of degenerative diseases at adjacent cervical segments. The advantage of this approach is that it not only provides an effective and safe way to treat cervical ASD, but also minimizes risk of iatrogenic injury.
Parkinson’s disease patients treated with levodopa exhibit a different pattern in the expression of emerging cytokines, IL-35 subunit and IL-37, compared to control group: A statistical analysis using Bayesian regression model
Authors: Gavabari Fariba Akbari , Rastegari-Pouyani Mohsen , Afshar Saeid , Bahramian Armin , Shahidi Siamak , Talebi-ghane Elahe , Chalabi Mahsa , Eftekharian Mohammad Mahdi , Mazdeh Mehrdokht
Published: December 2024

Background
Parkinson's disease (PD), is known as one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases in the world, which is characterized by the destruction of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of the midbrain. In the pathogenesis of this disease, central and peripheral inflammation play important roles. This study was done to investigate the expression of IL-35 (including P35 and Ebi3 subunits) and IL-37 genes, as well as the serum levels of IL-35 in patients with Parkinson's disease.
Methods
Peripheral blood samples were collected from 34 PD patients and 34 healthy individuals as a control group. IL-35 and IL-37 gene expression was measured using qRT-PCR technique and IL-35 serum level was measured by ELISA method. Advanced statistical analyzes were also performed using Bayesian regression in R software.
Results
The results showed that of the two subunits that make up IL-35, the expression of P35 gene was not significantly different between the two groups, while Ebi3 as well as IL-37 transcript levels were significantly lower in patients compared to healthy individuals (p < 0.001). On the contrary, IL-35 serum level in patients showed a significant increase compared to the control group (p = 0.016). It was also found that the decrease in IL-37 gene expression was related to the age of the studied subjects (p = 0.004). In addition, the results of correlation analysis showed positive and significant correlations between the expression of P35 gene with Ebi3 and IL-37, as well as Ebi3 with IL-37. Finally, based on ROC curve results, Ebi3 and IL-37 were introduced as appropriate factors with the potentials to be used in the diagnostic panels of PD.
Conclusion
In general, the findings of this study showed the complexities of immune system regulation and its disruption in PD
Effect of Autologous Dendritic Cell Administration on Changes in Renal Hemodynamics and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Diabetic Kidney Disease Patients
Authors: Drajat Endang , Jonny Jonny , Lokeswara Aditya Pratama , Daulay Elvita Rahmi , Icksan Aziza Ghanie , Farhat Farhat , Putranto Terawan Agus
Published: December 2024

Purpose Chronic hyperglycemia in DKD increases proinflammatory cytokines that can cause fibrosis and affect renal hemodynamics. This study aims to evaluate the effect of autologous dendritic cell administration in DKD patients, assessed by Doppler ultrasound examination (PSV and EDV), and measurement of TGF-β and MMP-9 biomarkers. Methods This study was a one group pretest posttest with 29 DKD patients. Measurement of PSV and EDV blood flow using doppler ultrasound, as well as blood collection for TGF β and MMP 9 biomarkers were performed before and after administration of autologous dendritic cells. Results The results showed that before administration, the median PSV value was 47.1 ± 23.87 cm/s, which decreased to 27.85 ± 20.53 cm/s with a p-value of 0.044, and EDV increased from 13 ± 5.32 cm/s to 15.7 ± 12.55 cm/s with a p-value of 0.039. The female group showed a significant decrease in PSV with a p-value of 0.03 and a significant increase in EDV with a p-value of 0.044. The microalbuminuria group showed a significant decrease in PSV with a p-value of 0.011. Analysis of TGF β and MMP 9 showed before administration of autologous dendritic cells, each increase of one unit of MMP 9 increased TGF β by 13.112, and after administration, it became 7.622. Conclusion This study shows that the administration of dendritic cells can improve renal hemodynamics and, in the long term, is expected to reduce fibrosis in the kidney.
Discovery of a non-Hermitian phase transition in a bulk condensed-matter system
Authors: Fiebig Manfred , Li Jingwen , Turaev Michael , Matsubara Masakazu , Kliemt Kristin , Krellner Cornelius , Pal Shovon , Kroha Johann
Published: December 2024

Phase transitions are fundamental in nature. A small parameter change near a critical point leads to a qualitative change in system properties. Across a regular phase transition, the system remains in thermal equilibrium and, therefore, experiences a change of static properties, like the emergence of a magnetisation upon cooling a ferromagnet below the Curie temperature. When driving a system far from equilibrium, novel, otherwise inaccessible quantum states of matter may arise. Such states are typically non-Hermitian, that is, their dynamics break time-reversal symmetry, a basic law of equilibrium physics. Phase transitions in non-Hermitian systems are of fundamentally new nature in that the dynamical behaviour rather than static properties may undergo a qualitative change at a critical, here called exceptional point. Here we experimentally realize a non-Hermitian phase transition in a bulk condensed-matter system. Optical excitation creates charge carriers in the ferromagnetic semiconductor EuO. In a temperature-dependent interplay with the Hermitian transition to ferromagnetic order, a non-Hermitian change of the relaxation dynamics occurs, manifesting in our time-resolved reflection data as a transition from bi-exponential real to single-exponential complex decay. Our theory models this behavior and predicts non-Hermitian phase transitions for a large class of condensed-matter systems, where they may be exploited to sensitively control bulk-dynamic properties.
Bilateral complete duplex system with right intravesical & left extravesical ureteroceles. A case report from tertiary care hospital
Authors: Gebreziher Yirgalem , Zeru Enderta , Negash Hadush , Teshome Zeamanuel
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Bilateral duplex system with ureteroceles is one of the rarest entities in urology. Duplex collecting system is a common urologic anomaly with a wide range of clinical symptoms and a variety of associated urologic abnormalities such as an ectopic ureter, ureterocele, vesicoureteral reflux and ureteropelvic junction
Presentation of case: We present a 12-year-old male adolescent presented with nocturnal enuresis since birth and right flank pain of 8 months duration.
Clinical findings and investigations: There were no pertinent physical findings. A complete blood count, renal function test, urine analysis, ultrasound of the abdomen and pelvis, computed tomography urography, and cystoscopy were performed.
Intervention and outcome: A single-setting right upper pole heminephroureterectomy and left ureteropyelostomy were performed. He is now asymptomatic and regularly followed up on an outpatient basis.
Relevance and impact: This case report shows the safety of simultaneous open bilateral procedures for complete bilateral duplex systems in resource-limited settings.
What are community perspectives and experiences around GLP-1 receptor agonist medications for weight loss? A cross-sectional study in the UK
Authors: Auerbach Nadja , Liu Vivian N , Huang David , Clift Ashley K , Al-Ammouri Mahmoud , El-Osta Austen
Published: December 2024

Introduction
Obesity is a critical public health challenge globally. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have demonstrated significant efficacy in weight loss, but their adoption is influenced by various individual and societal factors. This study sought to examine awareness, motivations and barriers to adoption of GLP-1RAs in the UK, with a focus on demographic differences.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey of 1,297 UK adults was conducted using an electronic questionnaire distributed via social media, online platforms and personal networks. The survey assessed demographic characteristics, awareness, perceptions and use of GLP-1RAs. Data were analysed using chi-squared tests, Kruskal-Wallis tests and relative risk ratios (RRRs) from multinomial logistic regression. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant.
Results
Significantly higher awareness of GLP-1RAs was observed among those attempting weight loss in the past year (85.7% vs. 14.3%, p < 0.001). [vv1] Women were more most likely to report both awareness (87.2% vs. 68.2%, p < 0.001) and excellent understanding (20.0% vs. 7.5%, p < 0.001). Main information sources included news (60.1%) and social media (50.2%). Only 9.0% first learned about GLP-1RAs from healthcare providers. Past and current users were less likely than non-users to express scepticism about safety and efficacy, and 6.91 times more likely to strongly disagree that "risks outweigh the benefits" (RRR 6.91; 95% CI 4.32–11.05; p < 0.001) and 7.33 times more likely to strongly disagree that "there is not enough evidence to suggest GLP-1RAs are safe" (RRR 7.33; 95% CI 4.05–13.27; p < 0.001). 91.0% of current/past-users indicated they would recommend GLP-1RAs to a friend struggling with weight.
Conclusion
Concerns about safety, cost and potential side effects remain significant barriers to GLP-1RA adoption. Current/past users strongly disagree with statements of scepticism, however scepticism among non-users highlights the need for improved public education around safety and efficacy.
[vv1]check
Nutrient-Wide Associations with the Cardiometabolic Index in Older Adults: Insights from NHANES 2007–2016
Authors: Li Wen , Liu Siqi , Meng Xiaoxia , Liu Huaman
Published: December 2024

Background: The cardiometabolic index (CMI) is an innovative composite marker integrating adiposity and lipid metabolism, serving as a surrogate endpoint for chronic disease and mortality risks. This study employed a nutrient-wide association study (NWAS) approach to explore the associations between dietary nutrients and CMI in older U.S. adults.
Methods: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 2007–2016 were analyzed, including 2,673 participants aged ≥ 65 years. Multivariable linear regression adjusted for energy intake and traditional confounders was used to evaluate 56 dietary nutrients. Restricted cubic spline analyses assessed nonlinear dose-response relationships.
Results: Carbohydrate and total sugars were positively associated with CMI (Carbohydrate: Coefficient = 0.001, Adjusted P= 0.016; Total sugars: Coefficient = 0.001, Adjusted P = 0.021). In contrast, vitamin E and MFA 20:1 (eicosenoic acid) exhibited inverse associations with CMI (Vitamin E: Coefficient = -0.007, Adjusted P = 0.021; MFA 20:1: Coefficient = -0.129, Adjusted P = 0.035). Restricted cubic spline analyses revealed significant nonlinear relationships for vitamin E (P-nonlinearity = 0.043) and MFA 20:1 (P-nonlinearity = 0.028), identifying intake thresholds for protective and detrimental effects.
Conclusion: These findings underscore the complex interplay between diet and cardiometabolic risk, highlighting the potential of targeted nutritional interventions to reduce disease burden and improve health outcomes in aging populations. Further research is warranted to validate these findings and inform dietary guidelines.
What are community perspectives and experiences around low testosterone? A cross-sectional study in the UK
Authors: Liu Vivian , Huang David , Alaa Aos , Hayhoe Benedict , El-Osta Austen
Published: December 2024

Background
Prevalence of late-onset testosterone deficiency (TD) differs amongst studies, with estimates between 6-30% depending on diagnostic criteria used. Nonspecific symptoms and lack of symptom awareness often delays appropriate treatment.
Methods
A 54-item online survey investigated the prevalence of TD symptoms and experiences of men on treatment. The survey was distributed through online media channels, Prolific and academic networks. Symptoms were assessed using the qADAM questionnaire. Associations between age, qADAM scores and participant demographics were assessed using logistic regressions to understand the prevalence and barriers to accessing treatment.
Results
Of the 973 men, nearly half (49%) indicated high likelihood of TD using qADAM scores, despite only 4% being formally diagnosed. Men over 50 had 1.4-2.0 times higher odds of TD compared to younger men (OR51-60yrs_vs_<40yrs:1.43, p=0.05; OR60+years_vs_<40yrs:2.03, p=0.001). 30% reported low libido, 7% reported reduced erectile strength, and 26% reported over three symptoms associated with TD. Despite high symptom prevalence, awareness and uptake of treatment remained low. 56% were unfamiliar with symptoms and signs associated with low testosterone. Only 7% of individuals expressed satisfaction with their access to low testosterone resources in the UK. Key barriers to seeking medical advice or treatment included lack of awareness of symptoms (40%), financial costs (34%) and stigma surrounding hormonal health (29%).
Conclusions
Although nearly half of individuals exhibited a high likelihood of TD, over 95% remained undiagnosed. This highlights significant gaps in symptom awareness and access to treatment options, including the need to improve health literacy around TD to democratise access to care.
PRESERVATION OF FRUITS AND VEGETABLES FROM COTE DIVOIRE THROUGH LACTOFERMENTATION
Authors:   Laboratoire des Procedes Industriels de Syntheses de lEnvironnement et des Energies Nouvelles (LAPISEN), INPHB, BP 1083 Yamoussoukro., Ernest Kakou Kouassi , Verdier Abouo NGuessan ,   Laboratoire des Procedes Industriels de Syntheses de lEnvironnement et des Energies Nouvelles (LAPISEN), INPHB, BP 1083 Yamoussoukro.,   Laboratoire de Biotechnologie, Agriculture et Valorisation des Ressources Biologiques (LBAVRB), UFHB, UFR Biosciences, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22., Arsene Nogbou Igor Landry ,   Laboratoire des Procedes Industriels de Syntheses de lEnvironnement et des Energies Nouvelles (LAPISEN), INPHB, BP 1083 Yamoussoukro.,   Laboratoire de Biochimie Alimentaire et de Technologies des Produits Tropicaux (LBATPT), UNA, UFR STA, 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02., Ruth Koudou Naomie ,   Laboratoire des Procedes Industriels de Syntheses de lEnvironnement et des Energies Nouvelles (LAPISEN), INPHB, BP 1083 Yamoussoukro., Clement Akmel Djedjro ,   Laboratoire des Procedes Industriels de Syntheses de lEnvironnement et des Energies Nouvelles (LAPISEN), INPHB, BP 1083 Yamoussoukro., Emmanuel Assidjo Nogbou ,   Laboratoire des Procedes Industriels de Syntheses de lEnvironnement et des Energies Nouvelles (LAPISEN), INPHB, BP 1083 Yamoussoukro.
Published: December 2024

This study aims to enhance the value of local fruits and vegetables through lactofermentation. Four compositions were tested: tomato, tomato + garlic, salad, and salad + garlic, fermented at 32 Â°C for 21 days. The parameters analyzed included pH, lactic acidity, total sugars, vitamin C, pathogenic flora, and lactobacilli.The results showed a decrease in pH, from 5.7 at the start of fermentation to 3.9 after 21 days. Meanwhile, vitamin C content increased significantly, reaching 74.12 mg/l compared to the initial 18.34 mg/l. However, total sugar levels decreased in all compositions. No pathogenic microorganisms, such as Salmonella or E. coli, were detected.Lactobacilli concentrations increased substantially. For tomato and tomato + garlic, levels rose from 2.82Â±0.04 CFU/g (Log10) to 7.00Â±0.04 CFU/g and 7.27Â±0.04 CFU/g, respectively. For salad and salad + garlic, concentrations increased from 3.2Â±0.05 CFU/g to 7.12Â±0.04 CFU/g and 6.94Â±0.04 CFU/g, respectively.In conclusion, lactofermentation enhances the nutritional quality of vegetables while inhibiting pathogens, offering an effective method for their preservation and valorization.
THE MANAGEMENT AND EXPLOITATION OF MANGROVES IN SONFONIA BAY CONAKRY-GUINEA
Authors:   Higher Institute of Veterinary Sciences and Medicine of Dalaba, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture., Konate Daouda , Keita Moussa ,   Guinea Conakry Rogbane Scientific Research Center, Environment Department, Guinea., Moussa Kamano Saa ,   Higher Institute of Veterinary Sciences and Medicine of Dalaba, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture., Zoba Soropogui Celestin ,   Higher Institute of Veterinary Sciences and Medicine of Dalaba, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture.
Published: December 2024

The mangrove area in Guinea decreased from 350,000 hectares in 1965 to 296,000 hectares in 2006. The average annual regression was 450 hectares, meaning that the regression rate was 4.2%. The primary uses of the mangrove zones in the Sonfonia region include logging, farming, salt farming, and smoking fish.The purpose of this study is to investigate the dynamics of mangrove exploitation and management at the Port of Sonfonia in order to introduce sustainable management practices for this ecosystem and suggest remedial actions.The subsequent approach was used: Frameworks and archives (CERESCOR, Communal Directorate of the Environment, Communal Directorate of Fisheries and Aquaculture of Ratoma) are consulted the study area is mapped cartographic data from 1994 to 2019 is analyzed and processed stakeholders (loggers, fish smokers, and salt farmers) are surveyed the reasons behind mangrove overexploitation are identified and corrective measures are suggested.The mapping that was done showed that the mangrove area has decreased. The area of Sonfonias mangroves decreased from 48.87 hectares in 1994 to 35.09 hectares in 2016 and 24.60 hectares in 2019. According to loggers surveyed, 10% only cut dry wood, 23.4% exercise selectivity, and 66.6% clear-cut. Each month, the port of Sonfonia unloads an average of 200 trunks of Avicenia and 30,400 trunks of Rhizophora trees, totaling 106.4 tons. Approximately 65% of smoking is done with rhizophora, and the cost of wood ranges from 15,000 to 45,000 fg per day and every smoker, for an amount of wood that ranges from 7 to 15 kg. The causes of mangrove wood overexploitation are primarily economic, accounting for 96%. Eight exclusive mangrove species are found in the Sonfonia area, includingAcrostichumaureum, Avicenia marina, Aviceniagerminans, Conocarpus erectus, Lagunculariaracemosa, Rhizophoraharrisonii, Rhizophoraracemosa, and Rhizophora mangle.
Bank loan growth under uncertainty in Vietnam: Does bank diversification matter?
Authors: Phuc Nguyen Tan , Dan Dang Van
Published: December 2024

Uncertainty has become a critical concern for economists and policymakers worldwide, especially following the global financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic, both of which have underscored its significant economic implications. This study delves into the impact of banking uncertainty on loan growth, with a particular emphasis on the moderating role of bank diversification. Diversification is evaluated across three key dimensions: assets, funding sources, and income streams. The analysis is based on a panel dataset comprising 40 Vietnamese commercial banks over the period from 2010 to 2023. To address potential endogeneity, the study employs a dynamic model estimated using the generalized method of moments (GMM). The findings reveal a negative relationship between banking uncertainty and loan growth, indicating that uncertainty adversely affects banks’ lending activities. The results also highlight that banks with higher levels of diversification are better positioned to cushion the negative effects of uncertainty, with this mitigating effect being consistent across all three dimensions of diversification. These insights suggest that diversification strategies can play a vital role in enhancing banks’ resilience to economic shocks and uncertainties.
AcknowledgmentThis research is part of Tan Phuc Nguyen’s PhD thesis conducted at the Ho Chi Minh University of Banking under the supervision of Van Dan Dang.
Lactulose Biosynthesis with Enzymes of Lactose-Fermenting Micromycetes and Bacteria
Authors: Ryabtseva Svetlana , Shpack Maria , Lodygin Aleksei , Serov Alexander , Sazanova Serafima , Skorokhodova Marina , Romakhova Vera
Published: December 2024

Lactulose is a well-studied prebiotic popular in medicine and the food industry. β-Galactosidases offer an alternative to traditional chemical methods of lactulose production. The article describes lactulose biosynthesis with crude enzyme preparations of β-galactosidases obtained by separate and joint cultivation of lactose-fermenting yeasts and lactic acid bacteria in whey permeate.
The research featured the following producers of β-galactosidases: lactose-fermenting yeasts of Kluyveromyces lactis VKM Y-1333 and Y-1339, Kluyveromyces marxianus VKM Y-459 and Y-1338, and viscous strains of lactic acid bacteria of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Streptococcus thermophilis. The β-galactosidase activity was measured using the method of o-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside hydrolysis. The method of high-performance liquid chromatography made it possible to reveal the carbohydrate composition.
The lactulose formation by yeast enzymes demonstrated the following pattern: its concentration increased rapidly during the first 30 min of reaction with subsequent decrease or stabilization. Some combined unpurified enzyme preparations of yeasts and lactic acid microorganisms were more active than β-galactosidases obtained by separate cultivation. The patterns of lactulose formation depended on both the yeast strain and the type of lactic acid bacteria. The highest yields of lactulose belonged to the samples that combined β-galactosidases of all yeast strains with Streptococcus thermophilis.
Co-cultivation of yeast and lactic acid bacteria in some combinations produced combined crude enzyme preparations with higher activity and greater lactulose yields than separate yeast cultivation. These results can help to obtain purified enzyme preparations of β-galactosidases and lactulose-containing products from secondary dairy raw materials.
New Functional Fermented Mare’s Milk Product: Biological Assessment in vivo
Authors: Simonenko Elena , Simonenko Sergey , Begunova Anna , Petrov Andrey , Semenova Elena
Published: December 2024

The growing consumer interest in healthy foods increases the demand for new functional products. Mare’s milk and its products possess some unique nutritional properties. This article introduces a new fermented functional food that combines mare’s milk, cow’s milk, lactic acid, and probiotic microorganisms.
The research featured fermented milk products based on mare’s milk, cow’s milk, and their mixes. The preclinical studies involved clinically healthy female mice (C57BL/6J). The biochemical analysis of blood plasma was performed on a BioChem FC-360 automatic analyzer while the histological preparations relied on an AxioImaiger A1 light microscope. The quantitative assessment employed the ImageJ software (USA).
The mice obtained the so-called Western diet and the experimental product. Their low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) decreased by 254-30.0% while the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) went up. The mice that were given the experimental product demonstrated lower creatinine, urea, and alanine aminotransferase activity in the blood plasma, which indicated a certain hepatoprotective effect. The experimental product caused a statistically significant decrease in granulocytes, i.e., the microbiome had an anti-inflammatory effect on the gut microbiota, which, in its turn, affected the cytokine expression.
The new product demonstrated strong biological activity, which rendered it functional properties. Further research will determine the effect of fermented milk products as part of a comprehensive diet on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Agave Syrup in Traditional Indian Desserts: A Sensory Evaluation
Authors: Yargatti Rizwan , Muley Arti
Published: December 2024

Sugar is among the least beneficial foods for health and is often referred to as a sweet poison due to its numerous health hazards. To address this issue, the food industry needs to explore, study, and shift to healthier food choices, such as agave syrup, which has a good potential as a natural sweetener. This study explores the acceptance level of traditional Indian desserts seviyan kheer and rawa sheera where sugar was substituted with agave syrup.
Sensory parameters were recorded for both the experimental samples and controls. The sensory evaluation involved two panels represented by culinary experts and semi-experts. The study included a nine-point hedonic scale test and a paired comparison test. Consumer acceptability was checked by calculating significant differences between the standardized formulations and the control samples.
Seviyan kheer made with agave syrup showed better acceptance rates in both expert and semi-expert panels (p > 0.05). Both panels preferred the formulations with agave syrup. The results were confirmed by a high-reliability score (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.925); no significant differences occurred between the controls and the experimental samples after consumer acceptability trials.
Seviyan kheer demonstrated a higher acceptance rate while rawa sheera was only marginally accepted. The results revealed a good potential of agave syrup as a substitute for sugar in traditional Indian desserts and helped to understand customers preferences for healthier sweeteners. The research also highlighted the value of sensory assessment in determining customer acceptability and provided guidance for future initiatives to create healthier food substitutes. Further research is needed to test the commercial viability and nutritive properties of agave syrup for a wider range of traditional Indian sweets with different combinations of ingredients.
Monitoring Authenticity and Quality of Concentrated Grape Must
Authors: Gnilomedova Nonna , Vesyutova Antonina , Anikina Nadezhda , Ermikhina Marianna , Oleinikova Veronika
Published: December 2024

The Russian wine industry permits the use of concentrated grape must. Due to its shortage on the market, it often becomes subject to adulteration. The article introduces a comprehensive system for assessing the quality of concentrated grape must that prevents adulteration of semi-dry and semi-sweet wines.
The research featured 446 samples of fresh and concentrated grape must, commercial preparations of concentrated white grape must, and sugar or glucose-fructose syrups. The method of high-performance liquid chromatography made it possible to identify the profile of organic acids and sugars. After introducing authentic concentrated grape must, the samples were tested for colloidal turbidity and crystalline destabilization.
The authentic samples retained the chemical composition of the original grape variety, as evidenced by such authenticity markers as pH, disaccharide content, tartaric and malic acids, and glucose-fructose index. In the adulterate samples, these values did not fit the standard limits. The experiment involved 179 samples of commercial preparations: 21% proved to be mixes of authentic must with other products; 9% proved to be syrup substitutes, and 1% was concentrated apple juice. Authentic concentrated must aggravated the trend to colloidal opacity (17%) and crystalline destabilization (13%); a combination of both trends occurred in 13%. Low-quality preparation of fresh grape must before vacuuming increased the content of high- molecular components, tartrate anions, and potassium cations in the concentrated product.
The following two-step assessment of concentrated grape must quality made it possible to adopt a rational technological solution: I – confirming the grape origin; II – assessing the effect of the authentic product on the colloidal and crystalline stability of wine. This protocol demonstrated a good potential for ensuring the authenticity and bottling stability of semi-dry and semi-sweet wines.
Effect of Endophytic Microorganisms on Growth Rate of Crops
Authors: Faskhutdinova Elizaveta , Bogacheva Natalia , Borodina Ekaterina , Pozdnyakova Anna , Luzyanin Sergey
Published: December 2024

Increasing the yield of wheat, barley, and oats is a pressing issue. It largely depends on soil fertility. Mineral fertilizers, however, may be ineffective and unsustainable. As a result, microorganisms seem to be a promising alternative. The authors isolated endophytic microorganisms with growth-stimulating properties and assessed their effect on the growth rate of wheat, barley, and oats in laboratory conditions.
The research involved spring soft wheat of the Sibirsky Alyans variety, spring oats of the Maruchak variety, spring barley of the Nikita variety, and standard bacterial strains (Azospirillum brasilense B-11094, Azotobacter chrococcum B-8739). The isolated bacteria were identified using a Vitex 2 Compact automatic microbiological analyzer. The production potential for indole-3-acetic and gibberellic acids was assessed spectrophotometrically. The nitrogen fixation potential was determined using a Rapid N Cube. The phosphate-solubilizing potential was tested on a calcium phosphate medium. The effect of the most promising strains on the growth rate was assessed in laboratory conditions.
Seven isolates of endophytic microorganisms were identified as Pantoea allii Tri, Bacillus subtilis Tri 2, Bacillus subtilis Ave 1, Pantoea allii Ave 2, Bacillus subtilis Hor 1, Bacillus subtilis Hor 2, and Bacillus subtilis Hor 3. The most promising growth promoters ranged as follows. Bacillus subtilis Ave 1 fixed 790 μg/mL nitrogen, solubilized phosphates with index 1.60, and produced 7100 μg/mL indolyl-3-acetic acid and 343 μg/mL gibberellic acid. Bacillus subtilis Hor 1 fixed 760 μg/mL nitrogen, solubilized phosphates with index 1.44, and synthesized 4490 μg/mL indolyl-3-acetic acid and 409 μg/mL gibberellic acid. Bacillus subtilis Ave 1 demonstrated the greatest growth-stimulating activity.
Bacillus subtilis Ave 1 could synthesize phytohormones, fix atmospheric nitrogen, and solubilize phosphates, which indicated good agricultural prospects. The strain increased the length of shoots and roots in wheat and barley, as well as boosted germination and shoot length in oats.
Çamaş (Ordu) Bölgesi Cu-Pb-Zn Cevherleşmelerinin Petrografik Özellikleri
Authors: Gören Burcu
Published: December 2024

Çalışma alanı Doğu Karadeniz bölgesi Çamaş (Ordu) yöresinde bulunmakta olup bu bölgedeki cevherler yaklaşık 7100 hektarlık alanda, Üst Kretase yaşlı andezitik kayaçlar içinde, damar tip bakır, kurşun, çinko cevherleşmeleri şeklinde bulunur. Saitler, Giden, Budak ve Hatipli mahallelerini kapsayan alanda kalınlıkları birkaç cm’den 2m’ye kadar değişen çok sayıda cevher damarı çoğunlukla KD-GB doğrultulu kırıklara yerleşmiştir. Cevherleşme parajenezi; birincil kalkopirit, Sfelarit, ikincil Kalkopirit, Pirit, Galen, Bornit, Kovellin, Malakit ve Azurit olarak belirlenmiştir. Piritler de yapılan analizler sonucunda Co/Ni oranı >1 olması ile cevherleşme hidrotermal yatakları temsil etmektedir. Sfelaritlerde Zn/Cd oranı 328-427 arasında olup ortalama 332,4 tür. Bu oranın yüksek çıkması cevherleşmenin bazaltik-andezitik yankayaçlarla ilişkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Arazi çalışmaları ve yapılan analizlerin değerlendirilmesi sonucunda cevherleşmelerin Geç Kretase yaşlı andezit ve bazaltlar içinde, fay ve kırık zonları boyunca oluşmuş hidrotermal damar tipi cevherleşme olduğu düşünülmektedir.