bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variations des caractéristiques physiques et mécaniques du bois de Balanites aegyptiaca en fonction de trois provenances
Authors: DOUGABKA Dao , GÉRARD Jean , BIANZEUBE Tikri , DENDONCKER Morgane , VINCKE Caroline , MARCHAL Rémy , GUIBAL Daniel , GUYOT Alban
Published: October 2021

Balanites aegyptiaca est une espèce caractéristique et emblématique des zones sèches d’Afrique et d’Asie. Elle revêt une grande importance socio-économique dans toute sa zone naturelle de répartition du fait de ses multiples usages. Toutefois, les propriétés technologiques de son bois sont mal connues, d’où des utilisations parfois inappropriées mais qui pourraient être élargies. Afin de mieux adapter ses applications à ses caractéristiques, nous avons déterminé les indicateurs de stabilité physique (masse volumique, infradensité, retrait radial total, retrait tangentiel total, retrait volumique total et point de saturation des fibres) et les indicateurs de comportement mécanique (module d’élasticité longitudinal, contrainte de rupture en flexion et compression) de ce bois. Quatre-vingt-treize éprouvettes prélevées dans 13 arbres provenant des zones sahélienne et soudanienne tchadiennes, et de la zone sahélienne sénégalaise ont été testées. Les résultats obtenus montrent que, pour les trois provenances, le bois de B. aegyptiaca est mi-lourd (797 kg/m3) avec une stabilité dimensionnelle moyenne : l’anisotropie de retrait est supérieure à 2 (2,2), le retrait radial total et le retrait tangentiel total sont moyens, respectivement égaux à 4 % et 8,5 %. Ses caractéristiques mécaniques sont moyennes (contraintes de rupture en compression et flexion statique respectivement égales à 49,4 MPa et 104,5 MPa) à faible (module d’élasticité longitudinal de 10 473 MPa). Une comparaison des résultats obtenus en fonction des zones de prélèvement a mis en évidence des tendances variables selon les caractéristiques étudiées. Ces variations entre les trois provenances restent cependant limitées. Les résultats de l’étude montrent que le bois de B. aegyptiaca pourrait être utilisé de façon appropriée sous forme de matériau pour une plus large gamme d’emplois, sous réserve de la mise en place d’une gestion adaptée permettant sa restauration par plantation.
The results of marketing research on the options of a “smart” high-speed platform
Authors:   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, BORONENKO Yuri P. , POKROVSKAYA Oksana D. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, TITOVA Tamila S. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, SHEVCHENKO Denis V. ,   All-Union Research Center for Transport Technologies (VNICTT LLC)
Published: October 2021

Objective: To compose a portrait of a typical consumer for various optional lines of equipping a high- speed platform car (“smart” car) with an on-board telemetry system. Methods: The means and methods of marketing, rolling questioning, statistical processing of information, comparison, general systems theory, systemic and economic analyzes, logistics, terminology, visualization are used. Results: Optional lines have been developed for each variant of the technical design of the car, based on the results of processing the questionnaires of the respondents, a portrait of a typical consumer has been compiled; some recommendations on the composition of options in each version of the high-speed platform have been made. Practical importance: The results obtained can be applied when entering the market in terms of establishing optional lines for the design of a high-speed platform and cost. Further research should be aimed at a more detailed study of market segments with the development of the best price and functional-option solutions for the ﬁnal target consumer.
Interdisciplinarity and conceptualization in the educational process at the Department of “Hoisting-and-transport, track and construction machines” of Petersburg State Transport University
Authors:   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, BYKOV Vladislav P. , BYKOV Vladimir V. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, TIKHOMIROV Gennady I. ,   LLC “Rakurs”
Published: October 2021

Objective: The issue of improving the educational process of training design engineers for mechanical engineering is considered on the basis of the “World Declaration on Higher Education for the 21st cen- tury: Approaches and Practical Measures”, which recommended the use of interdisciplinarity and trans- disciplinarity, the conceptualization of design is also touched upon. Improving the quality of training of specialists requires turning to modern methods of building the educational process. The need to take into account the complex relationships in which design objects exist leads to the need to introduce interdis- ciplinary and transdisciplinary approaches. Methods: Interdisciplinarity complements the content of in- dividual disciplines based on a uniﬁed methodology. Transdisciplinarity consists in the assessment of a particular phenomenon outside the framework of any particular scientiﬁc discipline, which contributes to the completeness of the world perception. Results: The proposed approaches to education contribute to the consolidation of the acquired knowledge or, as they say in the professional environment, increase the “retained knowledge”, widen students’ scientiﬁc worldview. Practical importance: The approaches considered are used in the educational process at the Department of Hoisting-and-Transport, Track and Construction Machines of Petersburg State Transport University. The following disciplines are already based on interdisciplinarity: “Basicss of Scientiﬁc Research” and “Design of Hoisting-and-Transport, Construction, Road Means and Equipment”. Methodologically, they are organized in such a way that the basicss of scientiﬁc research are considered in the context of designing, and designing – in the context of scientiﬁc research. With a transdisciplinary approach, the tasks of conceptualizing machine design objects and the design methodology itself are solved
Investigation of the nature of the process of delivering a batch of containers from the rear terminal to the port
Authors:   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, GROSHEV Gennadiy M. , KOTENKO Alexey G. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, KLIMOVA Nadezhda V. ,   St. Petersburg Information and Computing Center, a structural subdivision of the Main Computing Center, a branch of Russian Railways, FEDOROVA Natalia B. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University
Published: October 2021

Objective: Assessment of the need to study the process of delivering a batch of containers from the rear terminal to the port to ensure uninterrupted communication between the rear terminal and the seaport and delivery a batch of containers exactly on time. As a primary task, the problem of analyzing the factors affecting the nature of the delivery process is solved. Methods: The methods of the theory of probability and mathematical statistics were applied in terms of determining the factors that affect the nature of the delivery process. The method of constructing process models was used to create a technological model for the delivery of containers by a block train to the port. Results: A technological model of container delivery by block train is presented. Diagrams were built showing the share of the main deviations from the schedule of container trains by types of operations for trafﬁc, traction, corporate transport services. The main factors inﬂuencing the duration of individual operations with container block trains en route and the increase in the delivery time for a batch of containers from rear terminals to the seaport as a whole are identiﬁed. The random nature of the duration of the delivery of containers by block trains following the schedule has been established. Practical importance: The need to improve the methodology for choosing a method for delivering containers from the rear terminal to the port using simulation based on the identiﬁed factors inﬂuencing individual elements of the technological model of container delivery by a block train, deviations from the delivery time of containers, scheduled running of block trains is shown.
Optimization of the norms of overhaul runs for traction electric motors of locomotives based on the results of the distribution of failures at the range of the Far Eastern Railway
Authors:   Far Eastern State Transport University, DROGOLOV Denis Yu. , SOKOLOV Pavel V. ,   Far Eastern State Transport University, KUSHNIRUK Alexey S. ,   Far Eastern State Transport University
Published: October 2021

Objective: Optimization of the rates of overhaul runs on the basis of the results of the study of the distribution of failures of traction motors caused by a critical decrease in the insulation resistance of the windings to reduce the cost of eliminating the consequences of unscheduled repairs of locomotives. Methods: Mathematical statistics, probability theory, theory of reliability of technical systems are applied. Results: A cause-and-effect analysis was carried out of cases when locomotives were placed for unscheduled repairs in 2019–2020. An element has been determined that limits the rates of overhaul mileage of traction electric motors of locomotives. The theoretical distribution of failures of traction electric motors due to a critical decrease in the insulation resistance of its windings is obtained. The optimization of the norms of overhaul runs of locomotives was carried out according to the conditions of current repairs in the amount of TR-2 relative to traction electric motors. It was revealed that the failures are mainly associated with the ﬁrst period of operation of traction motors. As a result of the analysis of the reasons for the failure of traction electric motors, it was found that most cases of unscheduled repairs fall on the ﬁrst interval of locomotive runs due to the poor quality of repairs. In this case, the ﬁrst normal peak of failures falls on the mileage in the modal interval from 156 to 234 thousand kilometers, when the overhaul mileage on TP-2 is 250 thousand kilometers, which necessitates its optimization within the preceding modal interval. Practical importance: The presented version of optimization of overhaul runs can be used to determine the rationality of establishing the norms for the periods of maintenance and repair operations on locomotive units under the conditions of a planned preventive control system for their technical condition
Improvement of the planning method of the sortation system
Authors:   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, SOLYANIK Vladimir V.
Published: October 2021

Objective: Determination of the minimum time spent by a transit car with processing at the marshalling yard, identiﬁcation of the optimal car ﬂow in order to optimize the loading of the station’s technical devices. Methods: The description of interoperational downtime is carried out by the theory of queuing, simulation modeling is used to recreate technological processes at the marshalling yard. Results: As a result of the analysis of the average time spent by the car at the station, a model of the marshalling yard was built, taking into account the monthly irregularity of the ﬂow of the processed ﬂow. Practical importance: With the help of the obtained data, it is possible to improve the long-term planning of the work of the sortation system, to determine the optimal load of the station’s technical means. By changing the station’s constant parameters (the number of tracks) and variables (the number of maintenance crews, the number of shunting locomotives), it is possible to respond ﬂexibly to the required development of the car trafﬁc made by the station.
Modelling international interaction schemes in Eurasian transport corridors based on railway infrastructure
Authors:   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, ZHURAVLEVA Natalia A. , URYVAEV Sergey V. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University
Published: October 2021

Objective: Economic assessment of options for optimizing international interaction schemes in Eur-asian transport corridors based on railway infrastructure as the global logistics market is changing significantly under the impact of the economic post-crisis, as it is inextricably linked to all stages of production and sale of goods, redistribution of regional and international commodity markets. Methods: Statistical observation, sampling and correlation and regression analysis methods were used, taking into account big data on the status and trends of transport of EAEC, EU, PRC member states, and international organisations. Results: The methodological approach to justify the devel-opment of railway infrastructure in Eurasian transport corridors has been developed. The main fac-tors that determine (gravitation) freight traffic by modes of transport serving freight flows along the China–EU–EU axis are systematized and the impact of these factors on the performance of freight flows switched to the EAEU transport infrastructure is assessed (estimation of elasticity of demand for container transportation of goods by “convenience”). The results of modelling the transportation of goods re¬levant for switching to rail transport according to the assessment of the impact of the cost factor on the indicators of freight flows that are switched to the EEU transport infrastructure (assessment of the elasticity of demand for the transportation of goods in a contain-er according to the tariff) are presented. Practical importance: The obtained results reduce the level of uncertainty when making practical decisions on planning the activities of transport organiza-tions and cargo owners.
Management of the technological process of business flights ground handling in the Russian Federation
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Civil Aviation, TSUTSKAREV Vladimir K.
Published: October 2021

Objective: To analyze the technological process of business flights ground handling in the Russian Federation and develop solutions and recommendations to advance the process efficiency. Meth-ods: Applied methods are used: a specific selective analysis of the management features, and the substantiation of their impact on the technological process of business flights ground handling. Re-sults: The features of the technological process of business flights ground handling were analyzed, and specific proposals were developed enabling the process efficiency enhancement. Practical im-portance: Direct application of the developed recommendations and solutions by transport compa-nies may allow them to advance their process efficiency.
Electromagnetic processes in an anisotropically electrically conducting liquid in a running magnetic field
Authors:   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, KIM Konstantin I. , KIM Konstantin K. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, PANYCHEV Alexander Yu. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, BLAZHKO Lyudmila S. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University
Published: October 2021

Objective: Purpose is the study electromagnetic processes in an electrically conducting liquid (with anisotropic conductivity) flowing in the channel of an MHD-alternator under the acting of a running magnetic field. Methods: We used Maxwell's equations to describe the electromagnetic processes. Galerkin method is used to determine the current functions. Results: For the case of small values of the magnetic Reynolds number the equations for the induced field and currents in an electrical conducting liquid are given in the form of converging power series. It is shown that for a sufficiently accurate determination of the current functions it is necessary to take into account the first three terms of the series. The first two terms of the other series must be taken into account to determi-nate the solution for the induced field. It is revealed that the induced currents in an electrically conducting liquid consist of currents of zero, main and double frequencies. The currents of zero and double frequencies play a negative role since they lead to an increase in joule losses and the for-mation of forces. These forces do not make the useful work. To reduce them the side walls of the channel should be conductive. We established that the anisotropy of the electrical conductivity of the liquid causes a decrease the currents of the main frequency. Practical importance: The magnet-ic Reynolds number significantly affects the field distribution in a liquid metal. The field of the main frequency increases with its increase and the fields of zero and double frequency become smaller. At the small values of Reynolds number the Hall effect is stronger and the field distribution is less symmetrical. At large values the field distribution is symmetrized due to a decrease in the zero and doub¬le frequency fields.
Justification for the container station modification
Authors:   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, POKROVSKAYA Oksana D. , ILLARIONOVA Anna N. ,   Petrozavodsk branch of Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University
Published: October 2021

Objective: Having studied the features of container train compositions and the container storage conditions in an open area, to propose measures for the station modification and perform a few calculations demonstrating the feasibility of the proposed measures. Me¬thods: Methods of the general systems theory, system and economic analysis, terminalistics, logistics, and railways opera-tional ma¬nagement have been applied. Results: Two alternative options for the development of a container station are proposed, considering the features of the logistics facilities’ evolution and the theory of terminalistics: extension of the railway track and widening the station for storing high-capacity containers by 20 meters. The technology of container train composition on station tracks is considered. The performance of container train composition is calculated taking into account the technology chan¬ging. Practical importance: The increased capacity of the container station opens up new opportunities for the development of a promising container traffic at the station under consideration and, consequently, for the growth of profitability of the terminal and logistics busi-ness of JSC Russian Railways. The study findings can be applied in the implementation of the con-cepts for the development of the container business of the Russian Railways Holding, the creation of a network of terminal and logistics centers in the Russian Federation, as well as in the design of individual elements of the terminal and warehouse infrastructure and optimization of the container train servicing processes.
Physical fitness of schoolchildren (7–14 years old) in urban and rural areas
Authors: KEYNO Aleksandr Yu. , BOLDYREVA Vera B.
Published: October 2021

We consider differentiated development of motor qualities among schoolchildren. Increasing the level of physical fitness of students, is the foundation for overall performance and health, the removal of nervous experiences and negative stress, a noticeable sign of physical improvement of a person. Among the relevant issues of physical education of schoolchildren, the leading place is occupied by the issues associated with the differentiated development of motor qualities among schoolchildren. The analyzed sources about the constant acceleration of physical development in connection with socio-economic conditions are directly related to the schoolchildren of the group we study. The main indicators of physical fitness of the studied group of schoolchildren 7–14 years old coincide with the results of studies by other authors. Constant study of the level of physical fitness of schoolchildren of different classes living in a particular area allows us to objectively assess the content of pedagogical work in the lessons of various directions, effectively monitor the progress of development and the rate of growth of motor qualities in each age period.
Precipitating Factors of Acne Vulgaris at Dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang
Authors: Murlistyarini Sinta , Nugroho Alfonsus Rendy Laksditalia , Sari Diane Tantia , Mandasari Silfia
Published: October 2021

Background: Acne vulgaris (AV) is an inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit, which often causes stress and disrupts quality of life. Correctly identifying precipitating factors and preventing disease development will holistically increase the effectiveness of acne therapy, enabling better therapeutic outcomes to be achieved. Purpose: The objective of this study is to identify the clinical profile and precipitating factors of AV patients who visited Dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital between 2015 until 2017. Methods: This was a descriptive study, using a retrospective case study approach. The sample data was collected from medical records of AV patients from the period of 2015–2017 who met the following inclusion criteria: new AV cases with a complete medical record including gender, age, and precipitating factors. The dependent variable of this study was new AV patients, while the independent variables were the patient clinical profile and precipitating factors. Results: This study included 930 samples, with the number of female patients significantly higher (75.48%) than the number of males. The highest AV prevalence was found in the 15–24 years age group. The most common precipitating factors in females were hormonal issues, stress, and cosmetics; in males, these were stress, genetics, and dietary factors. Conclusion: The incidence of AV at Dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital mostly occurs in the 15–24 years age group, with varying trigger factors. The most frequent AV trigger factor in female patients was hormonal issues; in males, this was stress.
ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENCES IN THE PROVINCE OF BREASTFEADING BASED ON SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS IN EAST NUSA TENGGARA PROVINCE, 2017
Authors: Anisah Mufidah , Arafah Rafika Diyah
Published: October 2021

Analisis life table merupakan analisis terhadap suatu data waktu ketahanan sampai terjadinya suatu peristiwa. Salah satu bentuk aplikasi dari metode life table dapat diterapkan untuk mengetahui durasi pemberian treatment tertentu, salah satunya yaitu untuk analisis lama pemberian ASI pada bayi. Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis dan membandingkan median waktu lama pemberian ASI pada bayi antar kategori variabel berdasarkan data karakteristik sosiodemografi di wilayah Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan data sekunder, sehingga jenis pengukuran dalam studi ini tidak membutuhkan adanya respon aktif dari responden. Penelitian ini mencakup analisis deskriptif dan analisis menggunakan metode life table. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah data Wanita Usia Subur (WUS) yang ada di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur berdasarkan data SDKI tahun 2017. Penelitian ini tidak melakukan pengambilan sampel, karena merupakan studi populasi.Hasil:Hasil penelitian berdasarkan factor demografi menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan lama pemberian ASI pada variabel pendidikan terakhir (p = 0,003), sedangkan variabel lain pada faktor sosiodemografi yaitu usia (p = 0,895) dan status pekerjaan (p = 0,866) tidak memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan. Variabel yang memiliki perbedaan signifikan dan median waktu yang lebih tinggi yaitu ibu dengan pendidikan terakhir SD (16,07 bulan). Kesimpulan: Hasil dapat dilakukan perbaikan dan pembuatan kebijakan untuk meningkatkan angka cakupan pemberian ASI sebagai salah satu upaya mengatasi permasalahan gizi di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur.
Ecological Analysis Of Complete Basic Immunization Coverage For Infants In Indonesia (2017-2019)
Authors: Devi Yuli Puspita , Prasetyo Sabarinah , Muthmainnah Muthmainnah
Published: October 2021

Background: Complete basic immunization for infants in Indonesia is an obligation in an effort to protect infant health. It is one of the important indicators in determining the quality of health services in a certain area. However, the coverage of complete basic immunization in Indonesia in 2017 and 2018 has not been achieved nationally with National Strategic Planning and it has not been achieved the targets of 80% of districts/cities in 2019. Objective: This study aims to analyze the factors correlated to the complete basic immunization coverage of infants in Indonesia in 2017-2019. Methods: Ecological analysis was carried out using secondary data from the report of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia in 2017-2019. Univariate analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics and one sample Kolmogorov Smirnov. Bivariate analysis was conducted by correlation test (Pearson and Spearman) and scatter plot. Results: Complete basic immunization for infants had a significant correlation with the adequacy of midwives at the primary health care in 2017 (r = -0.337). There was significant correlation between poverty and complete basic immunization in 2017 and 2018 (r = -0.362 and r = -0.535). In 2019, active Integrated Service Post (Posyandu) was correlated to the complete basic immunization (r = 0.444). The first neonatal visit was correlated to the complete basic immunization of infants for three consecutive years (2017-2019). Conclusion: Efforts that can be made to increase the coverage of complete basic immunization in Indonesia are increasing the distribution of midwives in Indonesia, increasing the coverage of the first neonatal visit by paying attention to Posyandu cadres, especially in provinces with high poverty rates.
Two new species and a new record of Begonia (Begoniaceae) from Vangvieng karst limestone in central Laos
Authors:   Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, National University of Laos, Vientiane, Laos, Lanorsavanh Soulivanh , Souvannakhoummane Keooudone ,   Centre for Development and Environment, Lao Country Office, Ban Phapo, Vientiane, Laos, Lamxay Vichith ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, National University of Laos, Vientiane, Laos, Chanthavongsa Khamfa ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, National University of Laos, Vientiane, Laos
Published: October 2021

Begonia cataracta and B. voluptuaria are described as new species and B. incerta is noted as a new record for Laos. Descriptions, illustrations and photographs are provided for the new species and photographs for the new record. Preliminary conservation assessments are made for the two new species which are assessed as Vulnerable and Critically Endangered respectively.
METHODOLOGY OF DETECTION OF THERMAL REFLECTIONS IN THE INFRARED RANGE
Authors: Kolobrodov Valentin G. , Nalbandova Viktoriia P. , Sokol Bohdan V.
Published: October 2021

Background. Thermal reflections are a common source of problems in the interpretation of infrared (IR) thermal images. In particular, wet or polished surfaces, such as glass, metals, as well as brick and concrete, can easily reflect infrared radiation but are often overlooked. If left unchecked, these thermal reflections can lead to incorrect detection and recognition of the object or misinterpretation of its actual temperature.
Objective. The purpose of a theoretical analysis between the thermal radiation of an object and its reflection is to develop methods for the possibility of attenuation or at least identification of such prints using optical methods.
Methods. Light becomes polarized when it interacts with an object or matter through various mechanisms, such as scattering, reflection, or transmission. One of the possibilities of implementing such methods is the use of IR polarizers in combination with thermal imaging surveillance system.
Results. Article describes the physical and mathematical model of fingerprint detection and the possibilities of their elimination. The reflected light is partially polarized, so the main approach to its identification is to find the Stokes parameters. The authors considered three main methods for analyzing the state of polarization: the use of a rotating polarizer in front of the observation system, a special matrix with polarizers located on top of each pixel at certain angles, and a method based on dividing the amplitude in the polarimeter. full Stokes vector.
Conclusions. The advantages and disadvantages of the considered methods were revealed. The main features of structures and the cost of their implementation, which are necessary for each method, were determined, with the further purpose of their use in the development of a polarizing thermal imaging camera for unmanned aerial vehicles.
SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT PROBLEM BASED ON HIERARCHICAL AND NETWORK DECISION SUPPORT MODELS
Authors: Nedashkovskaya Nadezhda I.
Published: October 2021

Background. Predicting future sales is necessary to control the flow of goods in supply chains (SC), which is why firms perform forecasting of consumer demand. To study the reliability of the solution, the sensitivity analysis (SA) of the results to changes in the original data is performed. Network decision support (DS) models usually contain a very large number of elements and connections between them, which makes it difficult to perform SA.
Objective. The aim of the paper is to assess the sensitivity of the solution, given in the form of the element ranking of the network DS model, to inaccuracies and contradictions in elements of expert pairwise comparison matrices (PCMs), as well as to changes in individual elements of the supermatrix of the network DS model. To assess the priority of different types of information in the SC management system and to assess the sensitivity of the decision to obtain a more accurate forecast of consumer demand.
Methods. Evaluation of DS models to prioritize information needs in the SC management system is carried out based on a developed method of network analysis. The method for assessing the sensitivity of the decision, proposed for the hierarchical DS model, includes finding stable elements of each level of the hierarchy and assessing the degree of sensitivity of global ranking of elements. The sensitivity of a solution based on a network DS model includes an assessment of the stability of local rankings, finding the matrix elements that most affect the change in consistency and change in the local ranking, as well as the sensitivity to changes in individual elements of the model supermatrix.
Results. The method of complex assessment of sensitivity has been further developed, the stages of assessing the stability of local ranking of elements of the network DS model and the resilience of the pairwise comparison matrix elements to changes in the permissible inconsistency have been improved. A method for SA of results based on the network DS model to changes in individual elements of the supermatrix using machine learning tools is generalized.
Conclusions. In the SC management problem, the elements of the expert PCM are found, which to the greatest extent affect the change in consistency and change in the rankings of decision alternatives. The stable elements of the matrix and elements for revision by an expert were calculated in order to increase the reliability of the solution to the SC management problem based on the hierarchical and network DS models.
The Frequency Fluctuation Model for the van der Waals Broadening
Authors: Letunov Andrei , Lisitsa Valery , Astapenko Valery
Published: October 2021

The effect of atomic and molecular microfied dynamics on spectral line shapes is under consideration. This problem is treated in the framework of the Frequency Fluctuation Model (FFM). For the first time the FFM is tested for the broadening of a spectral line by neutral particles. The usage of the FFM allows one to derive simple analytical expressions and perform fast calculations of the intensity profile. The obtained results was compared with Chen and Takeo theory (CT), which is in a good agreement with experimental data. It was demonstrated that for moderate values of temperature and density the FFM successfully describes the effect of the microfield dynamics on a spectral line shape.
Green Synthesis of Hexagonal Hematite (α-Fe2O3 ) Flakes Using Pluronic F127-Gelatin Template for Adsorption and Photodegradation of Ibuprofen
Authors: Ulfa Maria , Prasetyoko Didik , Bahruji Hasliza , Nugraha Reva Edra
Published: October 2021

Hematite (-Fe2O3) with uniform hexagonal flakes morphology has been successfully synthesized using a combination of gelatin as natural template with F127 via hydrothermal method. The resulting hematite was investigated as adsorbent and photocatalyst for removal of ibuprofen as pharmaceutical waste. Hexagonal flake-like hematite was obtained following calcination at 500 oC with the average size was measured at 1-3 µm. Increasing the calcination temperature to 700 oC transformed the uniform hexagonal structure into cubic shape morphology. Hematite also showed high thermal stability with increasing the calcination temperatures, however, the surface area was reduced from 47 m2/g to 9 m2/g. FTIR analysis further confirmed the formation Fe-O-Fe bonds, and the main constituent elements of Fe and O were observed in EDX analysis for all samples. Fe2O3-G samples have an average adsorption capacity of 55-25.5 mg/g at 12-22% of removal efficiency when used as adsorbent for ibuprofen. The adsorption capacity was reduced with increasing the calcination temperatures due to the reduction of available surface area of the hexagonal flakes when transformed into cube. Photocatalytic degradation of ibuprofen using hematite flakes achieved 50% of removal efficiency meanwhile combination of adsorption and photocatalytic degradation further removed 80% of ibuprofen in water/hexane mixtures.
Comparison of Biodegradation Performance of Marine Sponge Symbiont Bacteria Consortium Against Anthracene and Pyrene
Authors: Marzuki Ismail , Asaf Ruzkiah , Paena Mudian , Athirah Admi , Nisaa Khairun , Ahmad Rasheed , Kamaruddin Mudyawati
Published: October 2021

Every petroleum processing industry produces sewage sludge containing several types of poly-cyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) components. The degradation of PAH components by physical, biological and chemical methods is not efficient. The use of marine sponge symbiont bacteria is considered an alternative method in the degradation and reduction of PAHs com-pared to the previous method. This study aims to explore the potential and performance of a consortium of sponge symbiont bacteria in degrading anthracene and pyrene. There are three types of bacteria (Bacillus pumilus strain GLB197, Pseudomonas stutzeri strain SLG510A3-8, Acineto-bacter calcoaceticus strain SLCDA 976) were mixed to form a consortium. The interaction between the bacterial consortium suspension and PAH components was measured at 5-day intervals for 25 days. The biodegradation performance of bacteria on PAHs samples was determined based on five biodegradation parameters. The analysis results showed a decrease in the concentration of anthracene (21.89%) and pyrene (7.71%), equivalent to a ratio of 3: 1. The data was followed by a decrease in the abundance of anthracene (60.30%) and pyrene (27.52%), an equivalent ratio of 2: 1. The level of degradation of the pyrene component is lower than that of the anthracene compo-nent, presumably due to the higher toxicity of pyrene and the more stable molecular structure, making it difficult for bacterial cells to destroy it. The biodegradation products are organic compounds of alcohol, aldehyde, carboxylic acids and a small proportion of aromatic hydrocarbon components. Keywords: performance; biodegradation; bacterial consortium; marine sponge; PAHs
Multiple Effects of Topographic Factors on Spatio-temporal Variations of Vegetation Patterns in the Three Parallel Rivers Region, Southeast Tibet
Authors: Wang Chunya , Wang Jinniu , Naudiyal Niyati , Wu Ning , Cui Xia , Wei Yanqiang , Chen Qingtao
Published: October 2021

Topographic factors are recognized as one of the key factors influencing vegetation distribution patterns, and studying the interactions between them can contribute to enhancing our understanding of future vegetation dynamics. We used the Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer Normalized Differential Vegetation Index (MODIS NDVI) image dataset (2000-2019), combined with Digital Elevation Model (DEM), and vegetation type data for trend analysis, and explored NDVI variation and its relationship with topographic factors through an integrated geographically-weighted model in the Three Parallel Rivers Region (TPRR) of southeastern Tibetan plateau in the past 20 years. Our results indicated that there was no significant increase of NDVI in the entire basin between 2000-2019, except for the Lancang River basin. In the year 2004, abrupt changes in NDVI were observed across the whole basin and each sub-basin. During 2000-2019, the mean NDVI value of the whole basin increased initially and then decreased with the increasing elevation. However, it changed marginally with changes in slope and aspect. We observed a distinct spatial heterogeneity in vegetation patterns with elevation, with vegetation in the southern regions showing higher NDVI than the north as a whole. Most of the vegetation cover was concentrated in the slope range of 8~35°, with no significant difference in distribution except flat-land. Furthermore, from 2000 to 2019, the vegetation cover in the TPRR showed an improving trend with the changes of various topographic factors, with the largest improvement area (36.10%) in the slightly improved category. The improved region was mainly distributed in the source area of the Jinsha River basin and the southern part of the whole basin. Geographically weighted regression (GWR) analysis showed that elevation was negatively correlated with NDVI trends in most areas, especially in the middle reaches of Nujiang River basin and Jinsha River basin, where the influence of slope and aspect on NDVI change was considerably much smaller than elevation.
Usability of Tilted Plasmon Antenna with Structured Light
Authors: Quintero-Torres Rafael , Domínguez-Juárez Jorge Luis , Shutova Mariia , Sokolov Alexei V.
Published: October 2021

We study the effect of oblique illumination on the functioning of a plasmonic nanoantenna for chiral light. The antenna is designed to receive a structured beam of light and produce a nanosized near-field distribution that possesses non-zero orbital angular momentum. The design consists of metal (gold) micro-rods laid on a dielectric surface and is compatible with well-developed nanofabrication techniques. Experimental arrangements often require such an antenna to operate in a tilted geometry, where input light is incident on the antenna at an oblique angle. We analyze the limitations that the angled illumination imposes and discuss approaches to mitigate these limitations. Through our numerical simulations, we find that tilt angles larger than 30 degrees require modifications to the antenna design. Our analysis guides current and future experimental configurations to pushing the limits of resolution and sensitivity.
Jeans Instability, Jeans Entropy and the Entropy Origin of Gravity
Authors: Bormashenko Edward
Published: October 2021

An entropic origin of gravity is re-visited. Isothermal self-gravitating cloud seen as an ideal gas is analyzed. Gravitational attraction within the isothermal cloud in equilibrium is balanced by the pressure, which is of a pure entropic nature. The notion of the Jeans entropy of the cloud corresponding to the entropy of the self-gravitating cloud in mechanical and thermal equilibrium is introduced. Balance of the gravitational compression and the entropic repulsion yields the scaling relation hinting to the entropic origin of the gravitational force. The analysis of the Jeans instability enables elimination of the “holographic screen” or “holographic principle” necessary for grounding of the entropic origin of gravity.
Quantifying Land Fragmentation Metrics for Cattle Enterprises in Northern Ireland
Authors: Milne Georgina , Byrne Andrew , Campbell Emma , Graham Jordon , McGrath John , Kirke Raymond , McMaster Wilma , Zimmermann Jesko , Adenuga Adewale Henry
Published: October 2021

Farm fragmentation is the occurrence of numerous and often discontinuous land parcels associated with a single farm. Farm fragmentation is considered to be a defining feature of Northern Ireland’s (NI) agricultural landscape, influencing agricultural efficiency, productivity, and the spread of livestock diseases. Despite this, the full extent of farm fragmentation in cattle farms is not well understood, and little is known of how farm fragmentation either influences, or is influenced by, different animal production types. This study describes and quantifies farm fragmentation metrics for cattle enterprises in NI, presented separately for dairy and non-dairy production types. We find that 35% of farms consist of five or more fragments, with larger farms associated with greater levels of farm fragmentation, fragment dispersal and contact with contiguous farms. Moreover, this was particularly evident in dairy farms, which were over twice the size of farms associated with non-dairy production types, with twice as many individual land parcels and twice as many fragments. We hypothesise that the difference in farm fragmentation and farm size between dairy and non-dairy production types is associated with the recent expansion of dairy farms after the abolition of the milk quota system in 2015, which may have driven the expansion of dairy farms via the acquisition of land. The high levels of land fragmentation, fragment dispersal and contiguous contact observed in NI cattle farms may also have important implications for agricultural productivity and epidemiology alike. Whilst highly connected pastures could facilitate the dissemination of disease, highly fragmented and parcellised land could also hamper productivity via diseconomies of scale, such as preventing the increase of herd sizes or additionally, adding to farm costs by increasing the complexity of herd management.
Talking about human formation at the interface with identity and difference
Authors: Silva Junior Germinio José da , Barreto Denise Aparecida Brito
Published: October 2021

This paper want to discuss and to present reflections on human formation, on the matter of identity and difference, in a school curriculum that seeks not only professional training for the capitalist labor market, but also the socialization and subjectivation of the individual. This is a bibliographical study, a dialogue with the concepts of Cestari (2014), Severino (2006), Biesta (2012) and Silva, (2001; 2014). The provocations established in this work are not intended to elicit ready-made solutions, but rather to point out reflections on the educational objectives regarding the formation of the being, permeated by identity and difference. What is proposed in this space is to provoke cogitations that enable everyone involved in education to think and rethink their actions and practices at educational matter.
Forms and functions of the contemporary school: erasures between modernity, postmodernity and neoliberalism
Authors: Manske George Saliba , Geisler Liliane
Published: October 2021

This essay aims to problematize how certain school practices are enabled and supported for their existence, since different economic discourses in statements that materialize in the school and students. From this perspective, we believe that rethinking the school space with characteristics of modernity in a post-modern scenario is to enhance essential functions for the continuation of our own existence as a public and collective institution. We assume that to question the potentialized discourses of neoliberalism in education, rooted in the development of economic progress and the ultra-market, in which interests and responsibilities of the State shift and mix from private social actions in the school space with interests of market, becomes an indispensable task. We argue that neoliberal marketing languages ​​are active in the forms and functions of contemporary schools, advocating the need for a debate that emphasizes education based on the development of school subjects committed to the public and the social.
Algorithms in the mechanism of implementation of constitutional rights and freedoms: challenges in the digital age
Authors: Pibaev Igor , Simonova Snezhana
Published: October 2021

The development and wide dissemination of new technological solutions lead to mainstreaming of algorithmic decision-making processes. Digital technologies become highly-demanded in state activity as well as social life and this gives the springboard for scientific discussion about the shift in the scope of constitutional rights and freedoms connected with extending and new limitation. Private data processing, content management, unfettered control over information and search results provide IT companies with huge powers concerning fundamental human rights. The article deals with some legal and ethic issues relating to the algorithms and artificial intelligence systems impact on the enforcement and the defense of constitutional rights. Taking into account the algorithmic nature and legal aspects as well as foreign practices the authors note the risks for civil, political and socio-economic rights. Special attention is given to the conceptualization of the ways the algorithms influence on legal status and human rights, justification of the suitable ways of reducing the risks connected with total algorithmization. The paper contains the study of the significance and extensive prospects of the ensuring the right to explanation in the context of the sense and reasons of automated decisions in order to enhance their transparency and accountability. The authors note that in spite of the lack of legal rules regulating algorithmic communication some state make their own steps on the way toward harmonization of algorithms with human rights and legal procedures. It is emphasized that state rejection in human translation of algorithmic processes may lead to further privatization of public powers in human rights protection. At the end of the paper the possible solutions of the discussed problems are suggested through the lens of ethic principles worked out in partnership with religious clerics. The mutual ethic declaration was signed by IBM, Microsoft and Roman Catholic Church and this fact strengthens confidence in the future of artificial intelligence as an instrument not only for narrow groups but for all of mankind.