bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of an ocular ptosis in a 13th century illuminated manuscript
Authors: Balcarce P E
Published: November 2024

Introduction: The finding of an eyelid ptosis in a manuscript of the xiii century raises the differential diagnosis of injury to the third cranial nerve. This nerve was not differentiated from the other oculomotors until the xvi century and only in the xix century a clinicopathological correlation was established for its paralysis. Aim: Describe the characteristics and differential diagnoses of an eyelid ptosis illustrated in the Book of Divine Works (1173) by Hildegard of Bingen. Development: In the mentioned work the nun Richardis of Stade is portrayed with her left eyelid drooping. Two conspicuous signs are described, ptosis and corresponding raising of the eyebrow. The deviation of the eye downward and outward is inferred from the shape that adopts the eyelid by the position of the eye and the curvature of the cornea. The picture is consistent with an isolated paralysis of the oculomotor nerve. The causes of ptosis are discussed: aponeurotic due to levator palpebrae dehiscence; myogenic, congenital and acquired; of the neuromuscular junction, and neuropathic, the latter being the most probable in this case and of a compressive mechanism. The nun's unexpected natural death suggests a ruptured brain aneurysm. Conclusions: Richardis of Stade's portrait shows an oculomotor paralysis centuries before its anatomy, function, and clinicopathological expression were known. Credit for this original description must go to Hildegard, whose medical vocation has long been recognized.
Knowledge on stroke in Spanish population. A systematic review
Authors: Romero-Bravo M , de la Cruz-Cosme C , Barbancho M A , García-Casares N
Published: November 2024

Objectives: To analyze by means of a systematic review the general knowledge about strokes of the Spanish population. Materials and methods: A systematic review is performed following PRISMA guidelines and with data from PubMed, Scopus and EMBASE. All studies carried out in Spain, centred around the knowledge of strokes are compiled (terminology, pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, risk factors, treatment, and willingness to make use of the Emergency Services). From the 4,627 articles collected, 21 were ultimately included in this review. Results: In Spain, the term stroke is less known than others such as embolism or cerebrovascular accident. Loss of strength is the most widely recognized symptom, whereas arterial hypertension is the most widely identified risk factor. The least known symptom and risk factor are visual impairment and diabetes mellitus, respectively. When faced with a suspected stroke, the attitude of most respondents is adequate as they decide to go to the hospital or call the Emergency Services. However, in rural areas or in cases in which the symptoms suddenly stop, a greater number of participants choose to go to their family physician. The main sources of information of the participants are their family members and their doctors. Conclusions: General knowledge about strokes is scarce among the general population. Nonetheless, the attitude of most of the participants is adequate as they choose to contact specialized Emergency Services.
Parkinson’s disease phenotype based on age at onset in Latin American patients: a paired-based analysis
Authors: Meléndez-Flores J D , Irabien-Zuñiga M , Cerda-Contreras C , de Los Reyes-Calderón I , Estrada-Bellmann I
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Studies have demonstrated a higher motor and non-motor burden in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with old age at onset compared to those with middle age at onset. We decided to test these findings in a Latin American PD population. Patients and methods: We recruited 24 PD patients with age at onset > 65 years, and each patient was matched to 1 control patient with disease onset at ages between 48 and 60 years, matched for gender and disease duration (±2 years). Clinical test batteries that assessed motor (MDS-UPDRS), non-motor (NMSS), cognitive (MoCA), and quality of life (PDQ-8) were recorded. Groups were compared with conditional logistic regression analysis. A comparative post-hoc analysis was also conducted, considering only patients with age at onset > 70 years (n = 11) and their matched controls. Results: Mean age at onset was 70.53 ± 3.28 and 53.79 ± 4.96 for the old-age and middle-age group, respectively. No significant differences were observed in most clinical batteries when comparing PD patients based on age at onset, with worse scores in MDS-UPDRS Part III and Tremor subscore in the middle-age onset group. The post-hoc analysis showed similar results, with non-significantly worse scores in the middle-age onset group. Conclusion: This is the first study reporting a more benign motor phenotype in old-age onset PD patients. Despite the lower cut-off value used for old age onset PD, vascular, epidemiological, ethnic and treatment adherence features must be also considered as potential explicative factors, with further multicenter studies in larger populations needed.
Spatial variability of lithodynamic characteristics of the Utrish reserve beaches
Authors: Chistyakov Alexander M. , Krylenko Marina V. , Krylenko Viacheslav V. , Bykhalova Olga N.
Published: December 2024

Beaches are important elements of coastal systems, providing wave attenuation and protection of coastal territories. This article presents the results of a study on the spatial variability of beach deposits in the coastal zone of the State Nature Reserve "Utrish." The work utilizes both field and remote sensing data. It was established that pebble and gravel-pebble accumulative beaches prevail in the coastal zone. The current width of the beach ranges from 5 to 50 meters, with a noticeable predominance of areas less than 12 meters wide. Gravitational coastal processes have a significant impact on the supply of beach-forming material to the coastal zone of the "Utrish" reserve.
PERANCANGAN MOTION GRAPHIC MENGENAI STIGMA SKIZOFRENIA PADA REMAJA
Authors: Thresia Sherly , Streit Aprilia Kartini
Published: November 2024

Skizofrenia merupakan suatu gangguan neurobiologikal otak dimana si penderita tidak bisa membedakan antara realita dan halusinasi sehingga seringkali menimbulkan stigma yang negatif. Penelitian terdahulu menunjukkan bahwa stigma terhadap Skizofrenia masih tergolong tinggi akibat dari minimnya media yang edukatif Skizofrenia sehingga banyak penderitanya tidak bisa mendapatkan pengobatan yang layak bahkan tak jarang ditemukan kasus pasung di Indonesia. Tahun 2019, tercatat sebanyak 829.735 penduduk Indonesia mengalami Skizofrenia pada kisaran 15 – 49 tahun yang mayoritasnya dialami oleh remaja. Karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang sebuah media pembelajaran berupa animasi motion graphic agar dapat memberikan informasi kepada remaja dalam mengurangi stigma masyarakat yang negatif mengenai Skizofrenia. Penelitian ini memakai metode pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik triangulasi data yang didapat dari observasi, wawancara, survei, dan studi literatur. Perancangan animasi ini diharapkan dapat mengurangi stigma serta memberi informasi masyarakat khususnya remaja Indonesia mengenai Skizofrenia serta bagaimana memberikan support agar pasien mendapatkan pengobatan yang layak dan dapat pulih sebagaimana mestinya.
VIDEO IKLAN LAYANAN MASYARAKAT “KLINIKHOAKS” SEBAGAI MEDIA KAMPANYE PENANGGULANGAN HOAKS PADA MASYARAKAT JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Ramadhani Nugrahardi , Prasetyo Didit , Noordyanto Naufan , Theona Shafira Aeysha , Yudhi Wijaya Arya , Wahyudi Farid Imam
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas video iklan layanan masyarakat (ILM) sebagai media kampanye dalam meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat terhadap bahaya hoaks, dengan fokus pada penggunaan platform Klinikhoaks milik Dinas Komunikasi dan Informatika Provinsi Jawa Timur. Masalah utama penelitian ini berakar pada penyebaran hoaks yang meningkat signifikan sejak pandemi COVID-19, yang berdampak pada berbagai aspek sosial, politik, dan ekonomi. Untuk itu, penelitian ini mengusulkan penggunaan ILM dengan genre komedi musikal sebagai media kampanye edukatif yang memadukan unsur hiburan dan pesan sosial. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode eksperimen. Responden dipilih dari berbagai kalangan profesi di Jawa Timur, dan data dikumpulkan melalui kuisioner tertutup yang mengukur pemahaman responden sebelum dan sesudah menonton ILM. Selain itu, dilakukan uji publik dengan 37 responden untuk menilai tingkat efektivitas ILM melalui skala liker 1-5. Data dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif untuk melihat perbedaan pemahaman dan sikap responden setelah intervensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ILM ini efektif dalam meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat terhadap situs Klinikhoaks dan bahaya hoaks, dengan peningkatan pengetahuan sebesar 56% setelah penayangan video. Sebagian besar responden juga menyatakan bahwa pesan dalam ILM tersampaikan dengan jelas, dan 66% responden menganggap ILM tersebut sangat menarik.
PENERAPAN METODE DESIGN THINKING PADA MODEL PERANCANGAN UI / UX APLIKASI ISTIQOMAH
Authors: AlAzhari Muhamad Roihan , Prabandaru Hanindito , Anggia Rafi Hafizhni , Rurianto Joko , Widiatmoko Soewardikoen Didit
Published: November 2024

Perubahan dan kebiasaan membaca Al-Qur'an (Mengaji) di Indonesia telah mengalami penurunan akibat rutinitas yang dipengaruhi oleh perkembangan zaman di era digital. Untuk mengatasi hal ini, Program Istiqomah adalah inisiatif untuk meningkatkan kebiasaan membaca Al-Qur'an di kalangan masyarakat Muslim melalui fitur interaktif dalam aplikasi. Program Istiqomah telah diperkenalkan sebagai langkah untuk merubah kebiasaan masyarakat Muslim Indonesia dalam membaca Al-Qur'an. Dalam rangka meningkatkan kebiasaan membaca Al-Qur'an, akan dilakukan riset yang menggunakan pendekatan design thinking dalam merancang aplikasi Istiqomah. Pendekatan design thinking melibatkan lima tahapan utama, yaitu emphatize, define, ideate, prototype, dan testing. Penelitian ini juga melibatkan observasi visual, wawancara dengan pengguna, dan penggunaan kuesioner untuk mengumpulkan data yang relevan. Dari hasil penelitian awal, terlihat bahwa masyarakat lebih cenderung melibatkan diri dalam aktivitas digital seperti bermain game, media sosial atau menonton video daripada membaca Al-Qur'an. Oleh karena itu, pengembangan aplikasi Istiqomah yang memanfaatkan media digital dan menawarkan fitur menarik dapat menjadi solusi yang efektif untuk meningkatkan keterlibatan umat Islam dalam membaca Al-Qur'an. Berdasarkan hasil analisis user experience questionnaire (UEQ), diperoleh hasil yang positif dan di atas rata-rata pada aspek Daya Tarik, Kejelasan, Efisiensi, Keandalan, Stimulasi, dan Kebaruan.
4.Dalga Feminizmin Sporda #Metoo Hareketi Üzerinden İncelenmesi
Authors: Parlakyıldız Sinem , Koçak Funda
Published: November 2024

Feminizm son yıllarda çevrim içi perspektiften ele alınarak dijital feminizm olarak nitelendirilmektedir. Feminizmin bu yeni dijital tarzı 4.dalga feminizm olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Daha önceleri kullanılmış olsa da ABD'de yapımcı Harwey Weinstein’a karşı istismar suçlamasıyla yapılan sosyal medya paylaşımlarında #MeToo'nun etiket olarak kullanılmasıyla hareket popüler hale gelmiştir. Bunun sonucunda değişik alanlarda kullanılmaya başlanan hashtag spor ortamında istenmeyen durumların duyurulması ve kamuoyu yaratılması için kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. #MeToo hareketi, dijital platformlar aracılığıyla cinsel taciz ve istismar konularında önemli bir toplumsal farkındalık yaratarak kadın sporcuların yaşadıkları olumsuz deneyimleri paylaşmalarına olanak tanımıştır. Bu hareket, dördüncü dalga feminizmin dijital çağdaki etkisini vurgulayarak, sosyal medya aracılığıyla spor dünyasında cinsel istismar ve tacize karşı küresel bir dayanışma ve eylem alanı yaratmıştır. Sosyal medya ve basın toplumsal olayları duyurma ve kamuoyunu bilgilendirme konularında birbirini tamamlayan iki güçlü araçtır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, 4. dalga feminizmin bir yansıması olarak #MeToo hareketinin spor dünyasındaki etkilerini ve dijital feminizmin sosyal medya aracılığıyla feminist hareketlerin dijital medyadaki temsilini ve bu süreçteki rolünü incelemektir. Farklı disiplinlerde #MeToo hareketiyle ilgili dijital feminizm üzerinden ülkemizde çalışmalar yapılmış olsa da spesifik olarak spor içerisinde bu konuyu ele alan bir çalışmaya henüz rastlanmamıştır. Bu çalışma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman analizi kullanılarak yapılmıştır. 2017-2023 yılları arasında dünyada en çok ziyaret edilen dijital olarak yayımlanan 4 gazeteden #MeToo etiketinin kullanıldığı haberler analiz edilmiştir. Bu kapsamda CNN, BBC, The Guardian ve The New York Times dijital haber siteleri taranmıştır. Dört dijital gazetede toplamda 3463 haber incelenmiştir. Haberlerin analizinde içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Cinsel istismar, tanıdık otorite fail, dijital global kız kardeşlik, feminist domino etkisi temalarına ulaşılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, #MeToo hareketinin spor dünyasında cinsiyet eşitsizliğine karşı önemli bir farkındalık oluşturduğu ve dijital feminizmin medya aracılığıyla toplumsal hareketlerin geniş bir etki alanına ulaşabileceğini söylemek mümkündür. İleride yapılacak olan sporda çocuk koruma, sporda psikolojik şiddet ve cinsel istismar çalışmalarında ve spor içerisinde yer alan kişilerin olası durumlara karşı bilinçlendirilmesinde dijital kitlesel hareketlerin etkili bir rol üstleneceği söylenebilir.
Kontribusi Usahatani Bawang Merah terhadap Kondisi Sosial Ekonomi Petani Desa Lambanan Kabupaten Polewali Mandar
Authors: Arhim Muhammad , Majid Muhammad Rusli , Fitri Fitri , Halik Rizky Ariesty Fachrysa , Alwi Achmad Nur Syawal
Published: November 2024

Studi ini meneliti kondisi sosial ekonomi petani bawang merah di Desa Lambanan, di mana sebagian besar rumah tangga bergantung pada pertanian sebagai sumber pendapatan utama mereka. Studi ini berfokus pada dampak ketergantungan pada satu komoditas utama, yaitu bawang merah, dan pentingnya diversifikasi pendapatan dalam mengurangi fluktuasi ekonomi seperti volatilitas harga dan panen yang tidak dapat diprediksi. Lebih jauh, penelitian ini mengevaluasi peran pendapatan non-pertanian dalam meningkatkan akses ke pendidikan, layanan kesehatan, dan kebutuhan dasar, menawarkan wawasan berharga untuk pengembangan kebijakan yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan petani dan mengurangi kesenjangan sosial di daerah pedesaan. Studi ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif, dengan data kuantitatif digunakan untuk menilai indikator pendapatan petani dan pendekatan kualitatif untuk mengeksplorasi kontribusi pendapatan terhadap faktor-faktor sosial ekonomi seperti kebutuhan dasar, pendidikan, dan layanan kesehatan. Pendapatan tahunan rata-rata dari pertanian bawang merah di Desa Lambanan adalah Rp 27.327.572, berkontribusi 47,81% dari total pendapatan rumah tangga, termasuk dalam kategori sedang (33–66%). Meskipun tergolong sedang, usahatani bawang merah tetap menjadi sumber pendapatan utama dibandingkan dengan kegiatan pertanian lainnya (37,24%) dan sumber pendapatan nonpertanian (14,94%). Temuan tersebut menyoroti pentingnya pendapatan pertanian dan nonpertanian dalam menjaga stabilitas sosial ekonomi petani, memenuhi kebutuhan dasar, dan memberikan ketahanan terhadap fluktuasi pasar atau gagal panen. Diversifikasi pendapatan memperkuat ketahanan ekonomi rumah tangga, mendorong akses yang lebih baik terhadap pendidikan, layanan kesehatan, dan kebutuhan sehari-hari.
Korelasi Perbandingan Kandungan Gizi dan Index Glikemik antara Nasi dan Sorgum secara In Vivo
Authors: Afandi Frendy
Published: November 2024

Perbandingan antara indeks glikemik (IG) nasi dan sorgum menarik untuk dianalisis. Hal tersebut dikarenakan sorgum menurut berbagai penelitian digadang-gadang menjadi pangan alternatif sumber karbohidrat yang menyehatkan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui perbandingan kandungan gizi nasi dan sorgum serta perbandingan nilai indeks glikemiksnya. Metode yang dilakukan adalah melakukan analisis proksimat nasi dan sorgum dan mengukur indeks glikemiknya secara in vivo. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sorgum memiliki kadar lemak, kadar karbohidrat,kadar serat kasar, total serat pangan yang lebih tinggi secara signifikan. Sorghum memiliki IG yang lebih rendah secara signifikan dibandingkan dengan nasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sorgum lebih sehat dibandingkan dengan nasi dengan memiliki nilai IG yang lebih rendah, karena memiliki kandungan lemak dan serat yang lebih tinggi.
Usia sebagai Faktor Risiko dari Tumor Ganas Osteosarkoma
Authors: Sabita Friska Desi , Kurniati Yuni Prastyo
Published: November 2024

Osteosarcoma is an invasive bone tumor malignancy, grows aggressively and has a high mortality rate. One of the risk factors for this cancer is age. On the other hand, industrial areas increase the risk of this disease. The purpose of this study was to analyze age and proximity to industrial areas as risk factors for osteosarcoma. This study used a case-control design. Osteosarcoma was the case group and Giant Cell Tumor of Bone was the control group. A total of 142 samples were taken from medical records of bone tumor histopathology preparations at the Pathology Anatomy Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, UMS using the purposive sampling method. The age variable was divided into groups of 0-18 years and >18 years. The cut-off point for the distance to the industrial area was 2.5 km. The measurement data of the variables were analyzed using the Chi-square test. The results of the study showed an effect of age on the incidence of osteosarcoma (p value = 0.01); but there was no effect of distance to the industrial area on the incidence of osteosarcoma (p value = 0.369). The conclusion of the study shows that age is a risk factor for osteosarcoma.

Keywords: osteosarcoma; age; risk factors

 

ABSTRAK

 

Osteosarkoma adalah keganasan tumor tulang yang bersifat invasif, berkembang secara agresif serta memiliki tingkat mortalitas yang tinggi. Salah satu faktor risiko dari kanker ini adalah usia. Di sisi lain, kawasan industri meningkatkan risiko penyakit ini. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis usia dan kedekatan kawasan industri sebagai faktor risko kejadian osteosarkoma. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain case-control. Osteosarkoma merupakan kelompok kasus dan Giant Cell Tumor of Bone merupakan kelompok kontrol. Sejumlah 142 sampel diambil dari rekam medis sediaan histopatologi tumor tulang di Laboratorium Patologi Anatomi FK UMS dengan metode purposive sampling. Variabel usia terbagi menjadi kelompok 0-18 tahun dan >18 tahun. Cut off poin jarak terhadap kawasan industri adalah 2,5 km. Data hasil pengukuran variabel dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya pengaruh usia terhadap kejadian osteosarkoma (nilai p = 0,01); namun tidak ada pengaruh jarak dengan kawasan industri terhadap kejadian osteosarkoma (nilai p = 0,369). Kesimpulan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usia merupakan faktor risiko osteosarkoma.

Kata kunci: osteosarkoma; usia; faktor risiko
Brachyury co-operates with polycomb protein RYBP to regulate gastrulation and axial elongation in vitro
Authors: Kokity Lilla , Czimmerer Zsolt , Benyhe-Kis Bernadett , Poscher Anna , Belai Emese , Steinbach Gábor , Lipinszki Zoltan , Pirity Melinda Katalin
Published: November 2024

Early embryonic development is a complex process where undifferentiated cells lose their pluripotency and start to gastrulate. During gastrulation, three germ layers form, giving rise to different cell lineages and organs. This process is regulated by transcription factors and epigenetic regulators, including non-canonical polycomb repressive complex 1s (ncPRC1s). Previously, we reported that ncPRC1-member RYBP (RING1 and YY1 binding protein) is crucial for embryonic implantation and cardiac lineage commitment in mice. However, the role of RYBP in gastrulation and mesoderm formation has not yet been defined. In this study, we used 2D and 3D in vitro model systems, to analyze the role of RYBP in mesoderm formation. First, we showed that cardiac and endothelial progenitors–both derived from mesoderm–are underrepresented in the Rybp−/− cardiac colonies. In the absence of RYBP, the formation of major germ layers was also disrupted, and the expression of mesoderm- (Brachyury, Eomes, and Gsc) and endoderm-specific (Sox17, Gata4) genes was significantly downregulated. Using 3D embryoid bodies as gastrulation models, we showed that RYBP can co-localize with mesoderm lineage marker protein BRACHYURY and endoderm marker protein GATA4 and both proteins. In mutants, both proteins were detected at low levels and showed altered distribution. Additionally, we compared our in vitro results to available in vivo single-cell transcriptomes and showed that Rybp and Brachyury co-expressed in the primitive streak and six mesodermal clusters. Since caudal mesoderm exhibited one of the strongest co-expressions, we tested axial elongation in wt and Rybp−/− gastruloids. In the absence of RYBP, gastruloids exhibited shortened tails and low BRACHYURY levels in the tailbud. Finally, we identified BRACHYURY as a novel binding partner of RYBP and presented evidence of possible cooperative function during mesoderm formation and axial elongation. Together, our results demonstrate the previously unknown role of RYBP in mesoderm formation. We believe our findings will contribute to better understanding of the highly conserved process of gastrulation.
The uneven foundations of a just transition for workers: a UK perspective
Authors: Reay Dave
Published: November 2024

Assessments of the workforce impacts of net zero transitions have largely focussed on job losses, gains and net changes for a particular industry, sector or state. While improved projections of quantitative changes are important, understanding the impacts of these changes on the diversity of the future workforce is arguably even more crucial in ensuring employment policy delivers a just transition for all workers. Using the example of the UK we illustrate the risk that new job creation in the transition to net zero by 2030 will perpetuate and further magnify workforce inequalities. We then discuss how national and international initiatives are attempting to mitigate these risks, with particular reference to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change work programme on Just Transition Pathways and its potentially pivotal role in informing and supporting national workforce strategies for climate action that have equality, diversity and inclusion at their heart.
The detailed transseptal puncture technique for optimal closure in patients with a patent foramen ovale
Authors: Ilkay Erdogan , Sariçam Ersin , Kaçmaz Fehmi , Yakici Aysel , Koca Çiğdem , Özeke Özcan , Polat Melike , Güney Murat Can , Karaduman Bilge Duran , Erdöl Mehmet Akif , Onal Mehmet Zulkuf
Published: November 2024

Background

The closure of a patent foramen ovale (PFO) using transseptal puncture has particular advantages and disadvantages. Thus, transseptal puncture should be re-evaluated in detail.

Aims

We aimed to assess the effectiveness of the detailed transseptal puncture technique in patients who underwent PFO closure due to cryptogenic stroke or transient ischemic attack in terms of residual shunts and atrial fibrillation.

Methods

We prospectively analyzed 144 consecutive patients who underwent PFO closure by the detailed transseptal puncture technique between February 2013 and April 2023 in two centers. All of the patients had a >10 mm long-tunnel PFO.

Results

The procedural success rate was 100%. However, after the procedure, moderate pericardial effusion developed in one patient (0.7%) and an acute pulmonary embolism related to femoral vein thrombosis was observed in one patient (0.7%) during the first month. Complications related to the procedure were noted in two patients (1.4%) during the first month of follow-up. Residual shunts were observed in 1.4% of cases after PFO closure.

Conclusion

We demonstrated that the detailed transseptal technique is safe and effective for PFO closure. The detailed transseptal PFO closure technique significantly reduced the risk of atrial fibrillation, and the occurrence of residual shunts was significantly low following the closure.
Heart-brain interactions: clinical evidence and mechanisms based on critical care medicine
Authors: Qi Chuyao , Wang Wenting , Liu Yanfei , Hua Tianfeng , Yang Min , Liu Yue
Published: November 2024

In this review paper, we search the recent literature regarding the application of the heart-brain interaction theories in the field of intensive care unit. Simultaneously, we methodically summarize the clinical evidence supporting its application in intensive care unit treatment, based on clinical randomized trials and clinical case studies. We delve into how it's applied in treating severely ill patients and in researching animal models for cardio-cerebral comorbidities, aiming to supply benchmarks for subsequent clinical trials and studies on mechanisms.
Thrombomodulin is a stronger indicator of combined oral contraceptives-induced activated protein C pathway resistance in the thrombin generation test than activated protein C
Authors: Ninivaggi Marisa , Sokolova Lily , Donkervoort Demy , de Laat Bas , de Laat-Kremers Romy
Published: November 2024

Background

The mechanism by which combined oral contraceptives (COCs) lead to hypercoagulation is not fully understood, although activated protein C (APC) pathway resistance has been implicated. APC and thrombomodulin (TM) tend to be considered as interchangeable reagents, even though their biological action in coagulation is different. However, it remains unclear which reagent is better suited for the detection of APC pathway resistance. We compared the effectiveness of TM and APC in TG to detect COC-induced APC pathway resistance using thrombin generation (TG).

Methods

TG was measured on ST Genesia in 48 healthy women, of whom 24 used COCs. TG was triggered with STG-ThromboScreen (with and without TM), spiked with a low and high concentration of TM or APC (2 or 15 nM TM, or 1.5 or 5.5 nM APC), aimed to achieve 50% and 90% ETP inhibition, respectively.

Results

TG was higher in women using COCs. TM and APC inhibit TG in all women, although their inhibitory effect is more pronounced in women without COC compared to women with COC. The addition of 2 nM TM causes an ETP reduction of 40% (1,289 vs. 768 nM•min) in women without COC and an ETP reduction of 24% (1,704 vs. 1,287 nM•min) in women with COC. The addition of 1.5 nM APC causes an ETP reduction of 41% (1,289 vs. 759 nM•min) in women without COC and an ETP reduction of 23% (1,704 vs. 1,316 nM•min) in women with COC. The difference in effect between women with and without COC is largest when 15 nM TM, aimed at 90% ETP inhibition, is used. 15 nM TM leads to the smallest overlap in ETP inhibition between women with and without COC (27% overlap), compared to 2 nM TM (41% overlap), and 1.5 nM APC (38% overlap) and 5.5 nM APC (41% overlap).

Conclusion

Although TM and APC are often used interchangeably to assess the sensitivity of the APC system in TG, our findings suggest that TM is a better discriminator to detect COC-use induced APC pathway resistance. In addition, we found that the ETP is a better TG test readout for APC pathway resistance testing than the peak height.
Navigating pancreas transplant perceptions: assessing public sentiment and strategies using AI-driven analysis
Authors: Garcia Valencia Oscar A. , Thongprayoon Charat , Jadlowiec Caroline C. , Mao Shennen A. , Miao Jing , Leeaphorn Napat , Suppadungsuk Supawadee , Csongradi Eva , Budhiraja Pooja , Khoury Nadeen , Vaitla Pradeep , Cheungpasitporn Wisit
Published: November 2024

Background

Pancreas transplantation, a crucial treatment for diabetes, is underutilized due to its invasiveness, strict criteria, organ scarcity, and limited centers. This highlights the need for enhanced public education and awareness through digital health platforms.

Methods

We utilized Google's AI-driven, consensus-based model and Claude AI 3.0 Opus by Anthropic to analyze public perceptions of pancreas transplantation. The top 10 websites identified by Google as of April-May 2024 were reviewed, focusing on sentiment, consensus, content readability, and complexity to develop strategies for better public engagement and understanding using digital health technologies.

Results

The top 10 websites, originating from the US and UK, showed a neutral and professional tone, targeting medical professionals and patients. Complex content was updated between 2021 and 2024, with a readability level suitable for high school to early college students. AI-driven analysis revealed strategies to increase public interest and understanding, including incorporating patient stories, simplifying medical jargon, utilizing visual aids, emphasizing quality of life improvements, showcasing research progress, facilitating patient outreach, promoting community engagement, partnering with influencers, and regularly updating content through digital health platforms.

Conclusion

To increase interest in pancreas transplantation in the era of connected health, we recommend integrating real patient experiences, simplifying medical content, using visual explanations, emphasizing post-transplant quality-of-life improvements, highlighting recent research, providing outreach opportunities, encouraging community connections, partnering with influencers, and keeping information current through digital health technologies. These methods aim to make pancreas transplantation more accessible and motivating for a diverse audience, supporting informed decision-making.
Morphology and thickness of the buccal bone wall of the maxillary central incisors in population: a CBCT study
Authors: Song Yaping , Yang Song , Wang Chao
Published: November 2024

The objective of this study was to measure and analyze the anatomical morphology and thickness of the buccal bone wall (BBW) of the maxillary central incisors, providing a theoretical basis for immediate implant surgery. A total of 372 maxillary central incisors were collected and classified into B and P types based on the root position and the degree of coverage of the BBW. The cases were divided into male and female groups, with 180 males and 192 females. The thickness of the BBW was measured at three measurement locations: 4 mm apical to the cementoenamel junction (CEJ), the mid-root, and the root apex. The number and proportion of various types of BBW are as follows: B1 (54, 14.52%), B2 (72, 19.35%), B3 (61, 16.40%), P1 (76, 20.43%), P2 (66, 17.74%), and P3 (43, 11.56%). In the B type group, the thickest BBW at 4 mm apical to the CEJ and the mid-root was observed in B3 (0.89 mm ± 0.09 mm, 0.56 mm ± 0.07 mm). The thickest BBW at the root apex was observed in B2 (0.46 mm ± 0.05 mm). In the P-type group, the thickest BBW at all three measurement locations was observed in P3 (1.10 mm ± 0.08 mm, 1.04 mm ± 0.11 mm, 3.59 mm ± 0.12 mm). The BBW of the maxillary central incisors in males was thicker than that in females. The conclusion drawn was that most BBW of the maxillary central incisors are thin, with a portion of the maxillary central incisors having only a thin BBW coverage at 4 mm apical to the CEJ and no significant bone wall coverage elsewhere. This Type of maxillary central incisor presents a higher risk of buccal soft and hard tissue recession and even bone fenestration after implant surgery. It is, therefore, crucial to assess the three-dimensional position of the root and measure the thickness of the BBW using Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).
Teaching online with an artificial pedagogical agent as a teacher and visual avatars for self-other representation of the learners. Effects on the learning performance and the perception and satisfaction of the learners with online learning: previous and new findings
Authors: Herbert Cornelia , Dołżycka Joanna Daria
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Building upon previous research, this study aims to provide answers to the questions of how the presence of a humanoid artificial pedagogical agent as teacher and instructor and visual self-other representation of the learners through avatars influence the immediate cognitive performance and learning experience in online learning among adult learners.

Methods

Several outcome measures were investigated to evaluate if effects are the same or different for the different experimental conditions and if learning with the pedagogical agent and visual self-other representation is modulated by the learner’s previous experiences with and preferences for online learning. Teacher presence and self-other presence of the learners were experimentally manipulated. A humanoid artificial agent, visible on all of the slides of the online course material and instructing the material represented the teacher. The avatars of the learners (self-avatar and peer avatars) were kept of minimal functionality but self-avatars were preselected or could be self-selected by the learners. The learner’s cognitive learning performance, the learner’s attention to the pedagogical agent, their sense of teacher presence and of self- and other-presence, their satisfaction with the course as well as the learner’s previous learning experiences were measured by cognitive testing, self-report, and linguistic analysis as major performance indicators and a positive learning experience. The analysis comprised 133 university students and results were additionally compared for two subsamples.

Results

Learning performance, learning satisfaction, and the attention paid to the teacher were positively related. In addition, positive evaluations of the cognitive presence elicited by the teacher were found. Self- or other-presence of avatars did not significantly influence the learner’s performance beyond teacher presence but the learner’s perception of it and their motivation to study online.

Discussion

The study and its results extend the previous literature that focused on the effects of pedagogical agents in online teaching or on virtual representations of the learner’s self and classmates in online learning. Despite limitations, the results of this study provide insights into combining teaching with artificial pedagogical agents and visual avatars for self-other representation during online teaching and the observations can serve as catalyst for future research.
Coping and well-being in university students: sex and cultural differences
Authors: Rojas-Ruiz Gloria , Alemany-Arrebola Inmaculada , Mingorance-Estrada Ángel C.
Published: November 2024

For the psychological and personal well-being of university students, it is considered essential to study the coping strategies they use when faced with conflictive situations in the academic context and the resources that the institution offers to help them overcome these challenges. The objective of this work is to evaluate the effect of sex and culture on the different coping strategies that higher education students use in the face of the difficulties they face in the academic environment. For this purpose, the questionnaire “Coping Strategies Inventory (CSI)” was applied to a sample of 1,281 university students. The results indicate that there are significant differences in the problem-solving strategies used depending on gender and culture, finding interaction between these variables, with European women being the ones who use active strategies the most. On the contrary, men of Berber origin, are the ones who use less coping strategies, both active (emotional expression and social support) and passive (desiderative thinking), to resolve conflicts.
Thyroid FT4-to-TSH ratio in the first trimester is associated with gestational diabetes mellitus in women carrying male fetus: a prospective bi-center cohort study
Authors: Song Shuoning , Zhang Yuemei , Qiao Xiaolin , Duo Yanbei , Xu Jiyu , Zhang Jing , Chen Yan , Nie Xiaorui , Sun Qiujin , Yang Xianchun , Wang Ailing , Lu Zechun , Sun Wei , Fu Yong , Dong Yingyue , Yuan Tao , Zhao Weigang
Published: November 2024

Background

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common medical complications of pregnancy, which increases the risk of other pregnant complications and adverse perinatal outcomes. Thyroid dysfunction is closely with the risk of diabetes mellitus. However, the relationship between euthyroid function in early pregnancy and GDM is still controversial.

Aims

This study was to find the relationship between thyroid function within normal range during early pregnancy as well as glucose and lipids metabolisms as well as the risk of subsequent GDM.

Methods

A total of 1486 pregnant women were included in this prospective double-center cohort study. Free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and antithyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) were tested during 6-12 weeks of gestation and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was conducted during 24-28 weeks to screen GDM. Relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for subsequent risk of GDM by thyroid function quartiles were assessed adjusting for major risk factors.

Results

The incidence of GDM was 23.0% (342/1486). TSH, FT4 and the percentage of positive TPOAb were no significant difference between women with and without GDM, but FT4/TSH ratio was significantly higher in GDM group compared with NGT group [6.97(0.84,10.61) vs. 4.88(0.66,12.44), P=0.025)]. The linear trends of TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, fasting glucose in the first trimester, insulin, C-peptide, HOMA-IR, fasting glucose during OGTT and incidence of GDM according to FT4/TSH ratio were all statistically significant. Further analysis based on fetal sex presented only the third quartile of FT4/TSH ratio in women carrying male fetus was associated with higher incidence of GDM statistically significant [RR (95% CI), 1.917 (1.143,3.216)], rather than in women carrying female fetus.

Conclusions

Thyroid function even in normal range is closely related to glucose and lipids metabolisms during the first trimester. Unappropriated FT4/TSH ratio in the first trimester is an independent risk factor of GDM in women carrying male fetus.
Association of hemoglobin glycation index with all-cause and cardio-cerebrovascular mortality among people with metabolic syndrome
Authors: Zhao Leiyong , Li Chengjun , Lv Hequn , Zeng Chunli , Peng Yongjun
Published: November 2024

Background

Research on the association between blood glucose-related biomarkers and mortality has gained increasing attention. However, the association of hemoglobin glycation index (HGI) with all-cause and cardio-cerebrovascular mortality among people with metabolic syndrome has never been investigated. The objective of this study was to examine the association through a cohort study of the American population.

Methods

In this study, 8,267 participants were included. We utilized multivariable Cox regression analyses to explore the relationship between HGI and outcomes. The dose-response relationship between HGI and mortality was explored with restricted cubic splines. Recursive algorithms and segmented linear regression models were used to calculate the inflection points and assess the effect relationships before and after the inflection points.

Results

In the model adjusting for all covariates, our analysis did not reveal a statistically significant association between HGI and mortality. Intriguingly, subsequent explorations of non-linear relationships unearthed a U-shaped correlation between HGI and both all-cause mortality and cardio-cerebrovascular mortality among American adults with metabolic syndrome. Before and after the inflection point, the HRs (95%CIs) for the association between HGI and all-cause mortality were 0.72 (0.63, 0.82) and 1.30 (1.17, 1.44), respectively. For cardio-cerebrovascular mortality, similar opposite relationships were found. The metabolic syndrome population with HGI levels at T2 had a lower rate of mortality.

Conclusion

This cohort study of the American metabolic syndrome population highlighted a U-shaped association of HGI with all-cause and cardio-cerebrovascular mortality.
A novel design approach: increase in storage and transport efficiency for liquid hydrogen by using a dual concept involving a steel-fiber composite tank and thermal sprayed insulating coatings
Authors: Hauer Michél , Schmidt Stefan , Gericke Andreas , Brätz Oliver , Möhrke Lukas , Biswal Pratidhwani , Stroetmann Nicco , Henkel Knuth-Michael
Published: November 2024

Wind power-to-gas concepts have a high potential to sustainably cover the increasing demand for hydrogen as an energy carrier and raw material, as it has been shown in the past that there is an enormous potential in energy overproduction, which currently remains unused due to the shutdown of wind turbines. Thus, there is barely experience in maritime production, offshore storage, and transport of large quantities of liquid hydrogen (LH2) due to the developing market. Instead, tank designs refer to heavy standard onshore storage and transport applications with vacuum insulated double wall hulls made from austenitic stainless steel and comparatively high thermal diffusivity and conductivity. This reduces cost effectiveness due to inevitable boil-off and disregards some other requirements such as mechanical and cyclic strength and high corrosion resistance. Hence, new concepts for LH2 tanks are required for addressing these issues. Two innovative technical concepts from space travel and high-temperature applications were adopted, combined and qualified for use in the wind-power-to-gas scenario. The focus was particularly on the high requirements for transport weight, insulation and cryogenic durability. The first concept part consisted of the implementation of FRP (fiber-reinforced plastics)–steel hybrid tanks which have a high potential as a hull for LH2 tanks. However, these hybrid tanks are currently only used in the space sector. Questions still arise regarding interactions with coatings, production, material, temperature resilience and design for commercial use. Thermally sprayed thermal barrier coatings (TBC) in turn show promising potential for surfaces subject to high thermal and mechanical stress. However, the application is currently limited to use at high temperatures and needed to be extended to the cryogenic temperature range. The research on this second part of the concept thus focused on the validation of standard MCrAlY alloys and innovative (partially) amorphous metal coatings with regard to mechanical-technological and insulating properties in the low temperature range. This article gives an overview regarding the achieved results including manufacturing and measurements on a small tank demonstrator.
Energy renovation of Swedish single-family houses—a survey of barriers, drivers, and green loans
Authors: Niknafs Pardis , Holmqvist Gustav , Thollander Patrik , Rohdin Patrik
Published: November 2024

According to the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive, 55% of the EU’s emission reductions will require renovations of the least efficient buildings. Therefore, it is important to gain a deeper understanding of how owners of single-family houses perceive energy efficiency measures, energy renovation, and barriers and drivers that influence their decision-making. Moreover, the homeowner’s perception of green loans is important, as one piece of the puzzle in how to finance these implementations. Swedish single-family houses account for 40% of residential energy use and 45% of heated area, and they are mostly privately owned. These decision-making processes are, to a large degree, unknown, as the main focus has been on professional actors and tenants, not on single-family and privately owned buildings. This paper presents the perspective of these owners and discussions related to their decision-making. It is therefore important to evaluate the barriers and drivers involved in this decision-making process from the perspective of house owners, and to include socio-economic factors as well as the potential for green loans. This study includes single-family house owners in two cities of different sizes who responded to a survey regarding their perspectives on energy renovation. The results showed that homeowners with lower incomes were more neutral about barriers to energy renovation. In contrast, house owners with higher incomes, and those who moved into their houses more recently, prioritized other types of renovations and investment over energy renovations. According to households where the respondents were over 60 years old, barriers such as lack of capital and time are not perceived as significant barriers to energy renovation. Moreover, this study showed that households with younger owners, those who moved recently to their homes, and those with higher incomes, are more likely to take loans for energy renovations. For these younger households and those who moved into their houses relatively recently a window of opportunity could therefore be identified, where tailored policies can be targeted toward the sector when houses are recently sold. In all cases, except for those over 70 years, respondents stated that green loans increased their interest in energy efficiency investments.
Characteristics of soil aggregate distribution and organic carbon mineralization in quinoa fields with different soil textures in the northern of the Yinshan Mountains in inner Mongolia
Authors: Lv Shuning , Liu Ruixiang , Guo Zhanbin , Wang Shuyan
Published: November 2024

The sub-mountain plains area at the northern foothills of the Yinshan Mountains in Inner Mongolia is an important grain producing area in the cold and arid regions of China, but due to climatic and environmental factors, it has resulted in a fragile ecological environment, degradation of arable land, and serious soil erosion. Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a hardy, cold and saline tolerant crop with much higher protein content than other crops. Therefore, it has begun to be grown on a large scale in the region in recent years. In order to investigate the distribution characteristics of soil aggregates and organic carbon (SOC) in quinoa fields in ecologically fragile areas, four quinoa fields with different soil textures, namely, sandy soil, sandy loam, loamy soil and clay loam, were selected for this experiment, and the mass percentages of different soil aggregate particle sizes and the organic carbon content of each particle size were determined before and after quinoa planting, and the organic carbon mineralisation in soil aggregates of quinoa fields with different textures was analysed through indoor organic carbon mineralisation cultures. The dynamic characteristics were analysed. The results showed that the stability of soil aggregates was enhanced after planting quinoa, and the highest mass percentage of aggregates with >2 mm particle size was 27.95% in clay loam soil. Planting quinoa in loamy soil had the most obvious effect on promoting the formation of soil macroaggregates, while the organic carbon content increased the most. The organic carbon (SOC) content of soil aggregates of all grain sizes increased by 0.45–3.09 g kg-1 compared to the pre-sowing period, with the fastest rate and greatest intensity of organic carbon mineralisation in aggregates of 2–0.25 mm grain size. The study showed that growing quinoa in loamy soils improves soil structure, slows down the rate of soil organic carbon mineralization, and increases soil carbon sequestration capacity.