bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Investigation of the Relation between Physical Activity and Academic Success
Authors: Iri Ruchan , Ibis Serkan , Aktug Zait Burak
Published: November 2016

The purpose of the study is to investigate the interaction among Physical Activity Levels (PAL), academic successes, perceived academic competency and Motor Skills (MS) of male and female students at the age of 14-17 in terms of gender variable. The PALs, perceived academic competency and academic successes were determined through International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Academic Competency Scale and General Academic Averages respectively. MS were tested by sit-and-reach flexibility, vertical jump, hand grip strenght and back and leg strength tests. After the data were entered into the SPSS 16,0 program, paired t-test was done in order to determine the difference between genders. Also, the interaction among PAL, academic success, academic competency and MS of male and female students were analysed through Pearson correlation analysis. As a result, it was found out that parameters related to the PAL and strength of male students are higher than those of female ones while female students’ academic success levels are better than those of male students. In addition, while no significant relation between academic success and PAL was found, a positive relation was determined the academic success and perceived academic competency of both genders.
MARITIME TREASURES OFF THE MALAY PENINSULA
Authors: Ooi Keat Gin
Published: November 2016

The Malay Peninsula –or what is present day West/Peninsular Malaysia – shores are flanked on either side by the South China Sea on the east and the Straits of Malacca (Melaka) on the west, both essentially important sea-borne passages between the East and the West. By the first millennium BCE and the early part of the first millennium CE the Malay Peninsula possessed trading sites on the lower reaches of rivers and along the coasts. Complementing the peninsula’s strategic location was the seasonal monsoonal pattern that facilitated the comings and goings of merchant fleets enabling long-distant seaborne trade to develop. The peninsula acted as a ‘connector’ for the confluence of traders from East Asia to interact with counterparts from South and West Asia and within Southeast Asia. The Straits of Malacca was a pivotal passage of the Maritime Silk Route. A multitude of natural elements and man-made disasters (warfare in particular) resulted in shipwrecks in the Straits and the South China Sea. This paper shall revisit the beginnings of maritime archaeology in Malaysia, ascertain the players and the contemporary playing field, the benefits of this endeavour, look towards its developments, and envisage its future directions.
Mise en visibilité de l’ethnicité maghrébine à Montréal. Le cas du Petit-Maghreb
Authors: Manaï Bochra
Published: November 2016

Cette réflexion porte sur une immigration récente au Québec, celle des Maghrébins, et permet de jeter un regard actualisé sur les enjeux de l’ethnicité dans une ville comme Montréal. L’amalgame entre ces Maghrébins et leur appartenance, réelle ou supposée, à la religion musulmane en fait des immigrants dont l’analyse est du plus grand intérêt. Ainsi, décrire les enjeux de la formation du Petit-Maghreb, les difficultés vécues entre les acteurs et les réelles problématiques permet d’évaluer cet espace de visibilité ethnique comme un révélateur des enjeux de gestion de la diversité urbaine dans un temps où l’islamophobie marque les interactions sociales.
FcγRIIb-SHIP2 axis links Aβ to tau pathology by disrupting phosphoinositide metabolism in Alzheimer's disease model
Authors: Kam Tae-In , Park Hyejin , Gwon Youngdae , Song Sungmin , Kim Seo-Hyun , Moon Seo Won , Jo Dong-Gyu , Jung Yong-Keun
Published: November 2016

Amyloid-β (Aβ)-containing extracellular plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau-loaded intracellular neurofibrillary tangles are neuropathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although Aβ exerts neuropathogenic activity through tau, the mechanistic link between Aβ and tau pathology remains unknown. Here, we showed that the FcγRIIb-SHIP2 axis is critical in Aβ1-42-induced tau pathology. Fcgr2b knockout or antagonistic FcγRIIb antibody inhibited Aβ1-42-induced tau hyperphosphorylation and rescued memory impairments in AD mouse models. FcγRIIb phosphorylation at Tyr273 was found in AD brains, in neuronal cells exposed to Aβ1-42, and recruited SHIP2 to form a protein complex. Consequently, treatment with Aβ1-42 increased PtdIns(3,4)P2 levels from PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 to mediate tau hyperphosphorylation. Further, we found that targeting SHIP2 expression by lentiviral siRNA in 3xTg-AD mice or pharmacological inhibition of SHIP2 potently rescued tau hyperphosphorylation and memory impairments. Thus, we concluded that the FcγRIIb-SHIP2 axis links Aβ neurotoxicity to tau pathology by dysregulating PtdIns(3,4)P2 metabolism, providing insight into therapeutic potential against AD.
A complete toolset for the study of Ustilago bromivora and Brachypodium sp. as a fungal-temperate grass pathosystem
Authors: Rabe Franziska , Bosch Jason , Stirnberg Alexandra , Guse Tilo , Bauer Lisa , Seitner Denise , Rabanal Fernando A , Czedik-Eysenberg Angelika , Uhse Simon , Bindics Janos , Genenncher Bianca , Navarrete Fernando , Kellner Ronny , Ekker Heinz , Kumlehn Jochen , Vogel John P , Gordon Sean P , Marcel Thierry C , Münsterkötter Martin , Walter Mathias C , Sieber Christian MK , Mannhaupt Gertrud , Güldener Ulrich , Kahmann Regine , Djamei Armin
Published: November 2016

Due to their economic relevance, the study of plant pathogen interactions is of importance. However, elucidating these interactions and their underlying molecular mechanisms remains challenging since both host and pathogen need to be fully genetically accessible organisms. Here we present milestones in the establishment of a new biotrophic model pathosystem: Ustilago bromivora and Brachypodium sp. We provide a complete toolset, including an annotated fungal genome and methods for genetic manipulation of the fungus and its host plant. This toolset will enable researchers to easily study biotrophic interactions at the molecular level on both the pathogen and the host side. Moreover, our research on the fungal life cycle revealed a mating type bias phenomenon. U. bromivora harbors a haplo-lethal allele that is linked to one mating type region. As a result, the identified mating type bias strongly promotes inbreeding, which we consider to be a potential speciation driver.
Snap-shot optical polarization spectroscopy using radially polarized pulses
Authors: Shigematsu Kyohhei , Suzuki Masato , Yamane Keisaku , Morita Ryuji , Toda Yasunori
Published: November 2016

By using radially polarized pulses for excitation in degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) spectroscopy, we realize highly sensitive snap-shot measurement of optical anisotropies in semiconductor films. Because the radially polarized pulses exhibit spatially varying linear polarizations, the optical anisotropies in samples can be evaluated from the spatial distributions of DFWM signals without rotating the polarization of the excitation pulses. We measure the excitons in GaN layers and evaluate the energies of uniaxial strain and the spin-exchange interaction constant. Our results prove both the accuracy and sensitivity of the snap-shot measurement.
Single-crystalline epitaxial platinum film on yttrium-stabilized zirconia (111) prepared by sputtering deposition
Authors: Tanaka Hiroyuki , Taniguchi Masateru
Published: November 2016

Sputtering is an important film deposition method that has been used for the fabrication of thin films used in basic research to the mass production process in factories. However, single-crystalline epitaxial platinum film has not been successfully prepared on yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) (111) substrates by the sputtering method. We have deposited platinum by inductively coupled plasma-assisted sputtering on YSZ(111) with postdeposition annealing at 750–850 °C. As a result, single-crystalline epitaxial films with a root mean square roughness better than 0.2 nm were successfully fabricated.
AlGaN/GaN metal–insulator–semiconductor high-electron mobility transistors with high on/off current ratio of over 5 × 1010 achieved by ozone pretreatment and using ozone oxidant for Al2O3 gate insulator
Authors: Tokuda Hirokuni , Asubar Joel T. , Kuzuhara Masaaki
Published: November 2016

This letter describes DC characteristics of AlGaN/GaN metal–insulator–semiconductor high-electron-mobility transistors (MIS-HEMTs) with Al2O3 deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) as gate dielectric. Comparison was made for the samples deposited using ozone (O3) or water as oxidant. The effect of pretreatment, where O3 was solely supplied prior to depositing Al2O3, was also investigated. The MIS-HEMT with O3 pretreatment and Al2O3 gate dielectric deposited using O3 as the oxidant exhibited the most desirable characteristics with an excellent high on/off current ratio of 7.1 × 1010, and a low sub-threshold swing (SS) of 73 mV/dec.
Analysis of the carbon transport near the growth interface with respect to the rotational speed of the seed crystal during top-seeded solution growth of SiC
Authors: Umezaki Tomonori , Koike Daiki , Harada Shunta , Ujihara Toru
Published: November 2016

One of the most important issues of SiC solution growth is to increase the growth rate. In our previous study, we reported that increasing the rotational speed of the seed crystal is effective for improving the growth rate in top-seeded solution growth. In the present study, we investigated the origin of the growth rate improvement through a continuous fluid dynamics simulation with a full-scale three-dimensional model of the experimental setup for actual growth experiment. The numerical results indicated that the stagnant layer above the growth interface decreased in thickness and the carbon concentration gradient then became steep with an increase in the rotational speed of the seed crystal. The experimental growth rate was proportional to the calculated carbon concentration gradient, which indicates that the carbon diffusion through the stagnant layer is the rate-determining process.
Emergence of Classicality from Initial Quantum World for Dissipative Optical Waves
Authors: Choi J. R.
Published: November 2016

For light waves propagating in dissipative media, the emergence of classical characteristics from the initial quantum world is investigated. Two classicality measures of the system, which are the measure of the degree of (relative) classical correlation and that of the degree of quantum decoherence are analyzed.
Memecylon macneillianum (Melastomataceae), a new species from South Andaman, India
Authors: Das Das Moumita , Giri G. S. , Pramanik A. , Maity Debabrata
Published: November 2016

Memecylon macneillianum M. Das Das, G. S. Giri, A. Pramanik and D. Maity, a new species from the southern Andaman Islands in India, is described and illustrated. It differs from its closely related species M. oleifolium Blume by having both terminal and axillary inflorescences, a higher number (mostly 3–7) inflorescences per node, longer and acutely quadrangular, distinctly furrowed primary inflorescence axes, distinct calyx lobes, and globose fruits. Moreover, in M. macneillianum the leaves are thicker, coriaceous and yellowish on both surfaces when dry, whereas in M. oleifolium the leaves are thin, chartaceous and olive green with a distinctive rusty-red blush around the midvein on drying.
Aromas, Scents, and Spices
Authors: Milburn Olivia
Published: November 2016

Research into early Chinese olfactory culture is only just beginning. This paper argues that before the arrival of Buddhism, elite scent culture had already begun to be transformed by the importation of foreign aromatics, though these substances arrived shorn of their original cultural context. Prior to the importing of intense foreign perfumes, the aromatics available were mostly local, and traditional Chinese practice stressed the use of individual scents in religious contexts, a concept which also had a profound influence on secular usage. The same is true of early osmographies, which link particular kinds of smells—including many that might be considered unpleasant—to the changing seasons. When foreign spices and aromatics arrived in China for the first time, a phenomenon later literature specifically associates with the reign of Han Wudi, this resulted in the development of new complex and powerful perfumes. This in turn may have had a significant impact upon the material culture of Han China, with the spread of personal scenting devices and incense burners.
Confluence of Humors
Authors: Köhle Natalie
Published: November 2016

This article investigates the origin and the earliest, formative period of one of the major concepts in post-classical Chinese medicine, the concept of phlegm, tan 痰. It is the first study that examines both Chinese- and Sanskrit-language sources in seeking to answer the question whether the development of the concept of phlegm in Chinese medicine is owed to Indic influences. Following traditional Chinese scholarship, it argues that the initial emergence of the substance tan 痰, which later was to become “phlegm,” should be understood as an indigenous development from the fluid yin 飲. The subsequent formation and development of the concept of phlegm in Chinese medicine, however, was influenced by Āyurveda. The influence hinges on the coincidence of Indic and Chinese intuitions about digestion.

Previous scholarship on early Chinese Buddhist translations of Indic terms for phlegm and the tridoṣa has either claimed that variations in the terminology betrayed the Chinese translators’ poor understanding of Āyurvedic concepts or that the translators creatively manipulated the terminology with a view to the cultural background of their intended audiences. By contrast, this article argues that the early terminology the Chinese translators crafted was highly accurate and faithful to their Indic source texts. It shows, by going back to the Indic classics, that the variations in Chinese terminology reflect an ancient and long-forgotten temporal shift in the perception of humors in India itself.
Calendrical Framework of the Priestly Flood Story in Light of a New Akkadian Text from Ugarit (RS 94.2953)
Authors: Darshan Guy
Published: November 2016

The only Priestly pre-Exodus narrative to be framed in explicitly chronological terms is the Flood account. Here, in light of a recently published Akkadian text from Ugarit (RS 94.2953) and Berossus’ version of the Flood story, I suggest that in this unique case P may be based on earlier models that were in possession of a precise temporal framework.
Bhoḥ as a Linguistic Marker of Brahmanical Identity
Authors: Brick David
Published: November 2016

This article examines significant, yet apparently unnoticed sociolinguistic aspects of the common Sanskrit particle bhoḥ and its Prakrit equivalent bho, which are frequently used in respectful addresses in our literary sources. Its specific aim is to demonstrate the important connection between bhoḥ and members of the twice- born social classes, especially Brahmins, that pertained during a large period of early South Asian history (c. 500 B.C.E.–500 C.E.). The major conclusion it draws is that, at least according to the normative Brahmanical view of this time, both addressing others with the particle bhoḥ and being addressed by others with it marked a person as a member of an elite fraternity that was comprised exclusively of either twice-born men or speakers of Sanskrit.
Old Persian Cuneiform Inscription on a Tomb in the Woodlawn Cemetery, New York City
Authors: Schmitt Rüdiger , Stolper Matthew W.
Published: November 2016

An inscription composed in the Old Persian language and carved in the Old Persian cuneiform script on the tomb of Phirozshaw D. Saklatvala and his family in the Woodlawn Cemetery in New York City adds to the corpus of known ancient and modern inauthentic Old Persian texts. This article describes and illustrates the tomb, discusses the family for which it was built, presents a full illustrated edition of the text and philological commentary on it, and speculates on the identity of its composer.
Examining the Emar Scholars
Authors: Fleming Daniel E.
Published: November 2016

In recent years, two important books by Yoram Cohen and Matthew Rutz have marked significant progress in research on the archives of Late Bronze Age Emar in northwestern Syria. Both of them approach Emar by way of its scribes. Cohen undertakes a systematic review of all named scribes identified in texts associated with Emar, while Rutz narrows his object to the building that yielded by far the largest number of excavated tablets. This work is foundational to future work on the Emar texts even as it calls for cautious consideration.
Cursed Are You! The Phenomenology of Cursing in Cuneiform and Hebrew Texts. By Anne Marie Kitz
Authors: Christiansen Birget
Published: November 2016

Cursed Are You! The Phenomenology of Cursing in Cuneiform and Hebrew Texts. By Anne Marie

Kitz. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 2014. Pp. xiii + 528. $59.50.
Woman of Valor: Jerusalem Ancient Near Eastern Studies in Honor of Joan Goodnick Westenholz. Edited by Wayne Horowitz, Uri Gabbay, and Filip Vukosavović
Authors: Rutz Matthew
Published: November 2016

A Woman of Valor: Jerusalem Ancient Near Eastern Studies in Honor of Joan Goodnick Westenholz. Edited by Wayne Horowitz, Uri Gabbay, and Filip Vukosavović. Biblioteca del Próximo Oriente Antiguo, vol. 8. Madrid: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cicientíficas, 2010. Pp. 214, illus. $45.
KultOrte: Mythen, Wissenschaft und Alltag in den Tempeln Ägyptens. Edited by Daniel von Recklinghausen and Martin Andreas Stadler
Authors: Preys René
Published: November 2016

KultOrte: Mythen, Wissenschaft und Alltag in den Tempeln Ägyptens. Edited by DanieL von Recklinghausen and Martin Andreas Stadler. Berlin: Manetho Verlag, 2011. Pp 255, illus. .€39.80
Foodways & Daily Life in Medieval Anatolia: A New Social History. By Nicplas Trépanier
Authors: Selçuk İjkil
Published: November 2016

Foodways & Daily Life in Medieval Anatolia: A New Social History. By Nicplas Trépanier. Austin:

University of Texas Press, 2014. Pp. xvi + 243, $55.
Business of Identity: Jews, Muslims, and Economic Life in Medieval Egypt. By Phillip I. Ackerman-Lieberman
Authors: Frenkel Miriam
Published: November 2016

The Business of Identity: Jews, Muslims, and Economic Life in Medieval Egypt. By Phillip I. Ackerman-Lieberman. Stanford Studies in Jewish History and Cultures. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 2014. Pp. xvi + 446. $65.
Principles of Sufism. By ʿĀʾishah al-Bāʿūniyyah. Edited and translated by Th. EmIl Homerin
Authors: Renard John
Published: November 2016

The Principles of Sufism. By ʿĀʾishah al-Bāʿūniyyah. Edited and translated by Th. Emil Homerin. Library of Arabic Literature. New York: New York University Press, 2014. Pp. xx + 197. $30.
Where the Two Seas Meet: The Qurʾānic Story of al-Khiḍr and Moses in Sufi Commentaries as a Model of Spiritual Guidance. By Hugh Talat Halman
Authors: Wheeler Brannon
Published: November 2016

Where the Two Seas Meet: The Qurʾānic Story of al-Khiḍr and Moses in Sufi Commentaries as a Model of Spiritual Guidance. By Hugh Talat Halman. Louisville, KY: Fons Vitae, 2013. Pp. xxi + 319. $29.95 (paper).
Women, Jurisprudence, Islam. By Sedigheh Vasmaghi. Translated by Mr. Ashna and Philip G. Kreyenbroek
Authors: Mir-Hosseini Ziba
Published: November 2016

Women, Jurisprudence, Islam. By Sedigheh Vasmaghi. Translated by Mr. Ashna and Philip G. Kreyenbroek. Göttinger Orientforschungen III, Reihe: Iranica, Neue Folge, vol. 11. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2014. Pp. 162. €38 (paper).
Dictionary of Tocharian B: Second Edition, Revised and Greatly Enlarged. 2 vols. By Douglas Q. Adams
Authors: Malzahn Melanie
Published: November 2016

A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Second Edition, Revised and Greatly Enlarged. 2 vols. By Douglas Q. Adams. Leiden Studies in Indo-European, vol. 10. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2013. Pp. xvi + v + 964. $294.
Picturing Technology in China from Earliest Times to the Nineteenth Century. By Peter J. Golas
Authors: Hegel Robert E.
Published: November 2016

Picturing Technology in China from Earliest Times to the Nineteenth Century. By Peter J. Golas. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, 2015. Pp. xxix + 205, plus 16 plates. $56; HK$430.
Front Matter
Authors: Editors
Published: November 2016

Front matter
ChemInform Abstract: Kagome Lattices as Cathode: Effect of Particle Size and Fluoride Substitution on Electrochemical Lithium Insertion in Sodium‐ and Ammonium Jarosites.
Authors: Sandineni Prashanth , Yaghoobnejad Asl Hooman , Choudhury Amitava
Published: November 2016

Compounds (III) and (V) crystallize in the hexagonal space group R$\bar 3$m with Z = 3 (single crystal XRD).
ChemInform Abstract: Iron Phosphide (FeP) Synthesis, and Full Cell Lithium‐Ion Battery Study with a [Li(NiMnCo)O2] Cathode.
Authors: Veluri P. S. , Mitra S.
Published: November 2016

FeP is fabricated by a scalable method comprising both the milling of Fe2O3 and NH4H2PO4 in PEG‐400 (1 h) and the drying of the homogeneous mixture (60 °C, 48 h) and firing under argon/10% H2 or pure H2 (800 °C, 10 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Ultrafast Mechanochemical Synthesis of Copper Sulfides.
Authors: Balaz Matej , Zorkovska Anna , Urakaev Farit , Balaz Peter , Briancin Jaroslav , Bujnakova Zdenka , Achimovicova Marcela , Gock Eberhard
Published: November 2016

Covellite, CuS and chalcocite, Cu2S are prepared within a few seconds by ball milling of the elemental precursors.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Unsymmetrical NCN′ and PCN Pincer Palladacycles and Their Catalytic Evaluation Compared with a Related SCN Pincer Palladacycle.
Authors: Roffe Gavin W. , Tizzard Graham J. , Coles Simon J. , Cox Hazel , Spencer John
Published: November 2016

Newly developed unsymmetrical palladacycle catalysts are tested in an aldol condensation reaction as well as in a vinyl epoxide coupling.
ChemInform Abstract: Perfluoroalkylation of Unactivated Alkenes with Acid Anhydrides as the Perfluoroalkyl Source.
Authors: Kawamura Shintaro , Sodeoka Mikiko
Published: November 2016

Copper salts are found to play a crucial role as a catalyst to achieve allylic perfluoroalkylation with the in situ generated bis(perfluoroacyl) peroxides.
ChemInform Abstract: Photocatalytic Aminodecarboxylation of Carboxylic Acids.
Authors: Lang Simon B. , Cartwright Kaitie C. , Welter Richard S. , Locascio Theresa M. , Tunge Jon A.
Published: November 2016

Utilizing an organic photocatalyst, aminodecarboxylation of unactivated alkanecarboxylic acids generates reactive alkyl radical intermediates, which are trapped with azodicarboxylate to provide alkylated hydrazinedicarboxylates.
ChemInform Abstract: A syn‐Selective Aza‐Aldol Reaction of Boron Aza‐Enolates Generated from N‐Sulfonyl‐1,2,3‐triazoles and 9‐BBN‐H.
Authors: Miura Tomoya , Nakamuro Takayuki , Miyakawa Sho , Murakami Masahiro
Published: November 2016

Starting from terminal alkynes, a sequential one‐pot procedure for the stereoselective construction of 1,3‐amino alcohols having contiguous stereocenters is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: A Diastereoselective Mannich‐Type Reaction of α‐Fluorinated Carboxylate Esters: Synthesis of β‐Amino Acids Containing α‐Quaternary Fluorinated Carbon Centers.
Authors: Li Xiang , Li Ya , Shang Huaqi
Published: November 2016

The operationally simple title reaction has a broad substrate scope, thus tolerating α‐alkyl, α‐aryl, and α‐vinyl fluoroacetates which efficiently react with aldehyde or ketone derived N‐tert‐butylsulfinyl imines.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd‐Catalyzed Direct C—H Cyanation of Picolinamides via Bidentate Chelation Assistance.
Authors: Wang Lulu , Yang Minxin , Liu Xiaochong , Song He , Han Lu , Chu Wenyi , Sun Zhizhong
Published: November 2016

Cleavage of the directing group is exemplified.
ChemInform Abstract: Electron‐Poor, Fluoro‐Containing Arylboronic Acids as Efficient Coupling Partners for Bis(1,5‐cyclooctadiene)nickel(0)/Tricyclohexylphosphine‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions of Aryl Arenesulfonates.
Authors: Chen Wen‐Bo , Xing Chun‐Hui , Dong Jie , Hu Qiao‐Sheng
Published: November 2016

Optimal results concerning the formation of biphenyls are obtained in the presence of the catalytic system mentioned in the title.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Divergent Oxidative Pathways of 2‐Naphthol Derivatives: ortho‐Naphthoquinones versus 2‐BINOLs.
Authors: Kim H. Y. , Takizawa S. , Oh K.
Published: November 2016

The selective formation of the title products is achieved by adjustment of the copper‐catalyst system.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron(III)‐Catalyzed Arylation of Spiro‐Epoxyoxindoles with Phenols/Naphthols Towards the Synthesis of Spirocyclic Oxindoles.
Authors: Luo Mupeng , Yuan Rongju , Liu Xuesong , Yu Linqian , Wei Wanguo
Published: November 2016

An efficient transformation of spiro‐epoxyoxindoles with phenols to 3‐(3‐indolyl)oxindole‐3‐methanols is described which are further converted into benzofuranyl‐spirooxindoles.
ChemInform Abstract: Hauser—Kraus Annulation of Phthalides with Nitroalkenes for the Synthesis of Fused and Spiro Heterocycles.
Authors: Kumar Tarun , Satam Nishikant , Namboothiri Irishi N. N.
Published: November 2016

A Hauser—Kraus annulation of sulfonylphthalides with conjugated nitro alkenes furnishes naphthoquinones in moderate yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper(I)‐Promoted Synthesis of Highly Substituted and Functionalized Tetrahydrothiophenes.
Authors: Ram Ram N. , Gupta Dharmendra Kumar , Soni Vineet Kumar
Published: November 2016

Halogen atom transfer radical cyclization of 2,2,2‐trihaloethylallyl sulfides leads to highly functionalized tetrahydrothiophenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed C—N Cross‐Coupling of Arylboronic Acids with N‐Acylpyrazoles.
Authors: Zhang Jin , Jia Run‐Ping , Wang Dong‐Hui
Published: November 2016

The reaction has a good functional group tolerance, but delivers the products in generally moderate yields only.
ChemInform Abstract: Eosin Y Catalyzed Difunctionalization of Styrenes Using O2 and CS2: A Direct Access to 1,3‐Oxathiolane‐2‐thiones.
Authors: Yadav Arvind K. , Yadav Lal Dhar S.
Published: November 2016

The highly regioselective one‐pot synthesis of oxathioles is promoted by visible light using eosin Y as organophotoredox catalyst and air as sustainable reagent.
ChemInform Abstract: Annulation of Alkynyl Aryl Ethers with Allyl Pivalates to Give 2,3‐Bismethylenechromanes Through Double C—H Bond Cleavage.
Authors: Minami Yasunori , Sakai Megumi , Anami Tomohiro , Hiyama Tamejiro
Published: November 2016

The treatment of silylethynyloxyarenes with allylic pivalates in the presence of a palladium catalyst leads to efficient C—H bond cleavage in both substrates and a novel annulation reaction to give 2,3‐bismethylenechromanes.
ChemInform Abstract: Rapid One‐Pot Aspartic Acid‐Promoted Synthesis of Tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyrans in Water.
Authors: Ameli Shohreh , Davoodnia Abolghasem , Pordel Mehdi
Published: November 2016

The title compounds are prepared by multicomponent reaction of dimedone, aryl aldehydes, and malononitrile using (.+‐.)‐aspartic acid as catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Towards Uniform Iodine Catalysis: Intramolecular C—H Amination of Arenes under Visible Light.
Authors: Martinez Claudio , Bosnidou Alexandra E. , Allmendinger Simon , Muniz Kilian
Published: November 2016

A mild protocol is developed for the intramolecular aryl amination reaction using visible light and iodine as catalysts in the presence of a mild hypervalent iodine oxidant.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Free, Visible Light‐Photocatalyzed Synthesis of Benzo[b]phosphole Oxides: Synthetic and Mechanistic Investigations.
Authors: Quint Valentin , Morlet‐Savary Fabrice , Lohier Jean‐Francois , Lalevee Jacques , Gaumont Annie‐Claude , Lakhdar Sami
Published: November 2016

Starting from various arylphosphine oxides and symmetrically or unsymmetrically disubstituted alkynes the title synthesis has a broad substrate scope
ChemInform Abstract: Phellibarin D with an Unprecedented Triterpenoid Skeleton Isolated from the Mushroom Phellinus rhabarbarinus.
Authors: Feng Tao , Cai Jin‐Long , Li Xue‐Mei , Zhou Zhong‐Yu , Huang Rong , Zheng Yong‐Sheng , Li Zheng‐Hui , Liu Ji‐Kai
Published: November 2016

The title triterpenoid (I) exhibits cytotoxic activity against a number of human cancer cell lines (HL‐60, SMMC‐7721, A‐549, MCF‐7, and SW480).
ChemInform Abstract: A Concise Total Synthesis of Cleistenolide.
Authors: Reddy A. Bal , Kumara Swamy B. , Yadav Jhillu Singh
Published: November 2016

Cleistenolide (I) is obtained in 42.5% overall yield over six steps starting from D‐glucose diacetonide using a selective benzoylation and Still—Gennari olefination as key steps.
ChemInform Abstract: Forging Colloidal Nanostructures via Cation Exchange Reactions
Authors: De Trizio Luca , Manna Liberato
Published: November 2016

Review: 204 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of Metallo‐Supramolecular Polymers
Authors: Winter Andreas , Schubert Ulrich S.
Published: November 2016

Review: 638 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Two‐Dimensional Porphyrin‐ and Phthalocyanine‐Based Covalent Organic Frameworks
Authors: Wang Hongmin , Ding Huimin , Meng Xiangshi , Wang Cheng
Published: November 2016

Review: 60 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Developments Toward the Synthesis and Application of 3‐Hydroxyindanones
Authors: Chanda Tanmoy , Singh Maya Shankar
Published: November 2016

Review: [65 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Biological Importance of Structurally Diversified Chromenes
Authors: Costa Marta , Dias Tatiana A. , Brito Alexandra , Proenca Fernanda
Published: November 2016

Review: 166 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalysis Elusive Active Site in Focus
Authors: Labinger Jay A.
Published: November 2016

Review: 8 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Designing High‐Energy Lithium—Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Seh Zhi Wei , Sun Yongming , Zhang Qianfan , Cui Yi
Published: November 2016

Review: 228 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Progress Towards Fluorinated Copolymers for Efficient Photovoltaic Applications
Authors: Xu Xiao‐Peng , Li Ying , Luo Mei‐Ming , Peng Qiang
Published: November 2016

Review: 84 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Naphthodithiophene‐Based Donor Materials for Solution Processed Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Zhu Xiang‐Wei , Lu Kun , Li Huan , Zhou Rui‐Min , Wei Zhi‐Xiang
Published: November 2016

Review: 32 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: New Advances in Small Molecule Hole‐Transporting Materials for Perovskite Solarcells
Authors: Wang Ya‐Kun , Jiang Zuo‐Quan , Liao Liang‐Sheng
Published: November 2016

Review: 58 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances of Covalent OrganicFrameworks in Electronic and Optical Applications
Authors: Ma Li , Wang Shan , Feng Xiao , Wang Bo
Published: November 2016

Review: [52 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Semiconducting Covalent Organic Frameworks: A Type of Two‐Dimensional Conducting Polymers
Authors: Yang Lei , Wei Da‐Cheng
Published: November 2016

Review: [33 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Functional Organic Nanoparticles for Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Rui Lei‐Lei , Cao Hong‐Liang , Xue Yu‐Dong , Liu Li‐Chao , Xu Lei , Gao Yun , Zhang Wei‐An
Published: November 2016

Review: 84 refs.
Leadership Lessons from Communities of Color: Stewardship and Collective Action
Authors: Bordas Juana
Published: November 2016

This chapter proposes a multicultural leadership model that reflects practices and principles from Black, Latino, and American Indian communities.
Tailor-made transcriptional biosensors for optimizing microbial cell factories
Authors: De Paepe Brecht , Peters Gert , Coussement Pieter , Maertens Jo , De Mey Marjan
Published: November 2016

Monitoring cellular behavior and eventually properly adapting cellular processes is key to handle the enormous complexity of today’s metabolic engineering questions. Hence, transcriptional biosensors bear the potential to augment and accelerate current metabolic engineering strategies, catalyzing vital advances in industrial biotechnology. The development of such transcriptional biosensors typically starts with exploring nature’s richness. Hence, in a first part, the transcriptional biosensor architecture and the various modi operandi are briefly discussed, as well as experimental and computational methods and relevant ontologies to search for natural transcription factors and their corresponding binding sites. In the second part of this review, various engineering approaches are reviewed to tune the main characteristics of these (natural) transcriptional biosensors, i.e., the response curve and ligand specificity, in view of specific industrial biotechnology applications, which is illustrated using success stories of transcriptional biosensor engineering.
The Psychosocial Impact of Undergoing Prophylactic Total Gastrectomy (PTG) to Manage the Risk of Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer (HDGC)
Authors: Hallowell Nina , Lawton Julia , Badger Shirlene , Richardson Sue , Hardwick Richard H , Caldas Carlos , Fitzgerald Rebecca C.
Published: November 2016

Individuals identified as at high risk of developing Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer (HDGC) are advised to undergo prophylactic surgery ‐ have their stomach removed ‐ in their early twenties. Research with (older) cancer patients who undergo gastrectomy for curative reasons suggests that gastric resection has a number of physical and psychosocial sequelae. Because it is difficult to extrapolate the findings of studies of older cancer patients to younger healthy patients who are considering prophylactic total gastrectomy (PTG), the aim of this qualitative interview study was to determine the psychosocial implications of undergoing prophylactic surgery to manage genetic risk. Fourteen men and 13 women from the UK's Familial Gastric Cancer study who had undergone PTG were invited to participate in qualitative interviews. Most reported that undergoing surgery and convalescence was easier than anticipated. There was evidence that age affected experiences of PTG, with younger patients tending to report faster recovery times and more transient aftereffects. All saw the benefits of risk reduction as outweighing the costs of surgery. Surgery was described as having a range of physical impacts (disrupted appetite, weight loss, fatigue, GI symptoms) that had related psychological, social and economic implications. Those considering PTG need to be aware that its impact on quality of life is difficult to predict and negative sequelae may be ongoing for some individuals.
Anxiety‐ and depressive‐like profiles during early‐ and mid‐adolescence in the female Wistar Kyoto rat
Authors: D'Souza Deepthi , Sadananda Monika
Published: November 2016

Approaches for the development of preclinical models of depression extensively use adult and male animals owing to the discrepancies arising out of the hormonal flux in adult females and adolescents during attainment of puberty. Thus the increased vulnerability of females towards clinical depression and anxiety‐related disorders remains incompletely understood. Development of clinical models of depression in adolescent females is essential in order to evolve effective treatment strategies for adolescent depression. In the present study, we have examined the anxiety and depressive‐like profiles in a putative animal model of childhood depression, the Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rat, during early adolescence (∼postnatal day 30) and mid‐adolescence (∼postnatal day 40). Female adolescent WKY rats, tested on a series of behavioural tests modelling anxiety‐ and depressive‐like behaviours with age‐matched Wistars as controls, demonstrated marked differences during early adolescence in a strain‐ and age‐specific manner. Anxiety indices were obtained from exposure to the elevated plus maze, where social communication vide 50‐kHz ultrasonic vocalizations was also assessed, while immobility and other parameters in the forced swim test were screened for depressive‐like profiles. Sucrose preference, used as a measure of anhedonia in animals, was lower in WKYs at both ages tested and decreased with age. Anxiety‐related behaviours were prominent in WKY rats only during early adolescence. WKY female rats are anxious during early adolescence and exhibit anhedonia as a core symptom of depression during early‐ and mid‐adolescence, thus indicating that inclusion of female animals in preclinical trials is essential and will contribute to gender‐based approaches to diagnosis and treatment of adolescent depression in females.
Toward a More Evidence-Based Nosology and Nomenclature for Female Sexual Dysfunctions—Part II
Authors: Parish Sharon J. , Goldstein Andrew T. , Goldstein Sue W. , Goldstein Irwin , Pfaus James , Clayton Anita H. , Giraldi Annamaria , Simon James A. , Althof Stanley E. , Bachmann Gloria , Komisaruk Barry , Levin Roy , Spadt Susan Kellogg , Kingsberg Sheryl A. , Perelman Michael A. , Waldinger Marcel D. , Whipple Beverly
Published: November 2016

Introduction

Current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) definitions of sexual dysfunction do not identify all sexual problems experienced clinically by women and are not necessarily applicable for biologic or biopsychosocial management of female sexual dysfunction. A unified nomenclature system enables clinicians, researchers, and regulatory agencies to use the same language and criteria for determining clinical end points, assessing research results, and managing patients.

Aim

To develop nomenclature with classification systems for female sexual desire, arousal, and orgasm disorders with definitions pertinent to clinicians and researchers from multiple specialties who contribute to the field of sexual medicine.

Methods

Key national and international opinion leaders diverse in gender, geography, and areas of expertise met for 2 days to discuss and agree to definitions of female sexual desire, arousal, and orgasm disorders and persistent genital arousal disorder. The attendees consisted of 10 psychiatrists and psychologists; 12 health care providers in specialties such as gynecology, internal medicine, and sexual medicine; three basic scientists; and one sexuality educator, representing an array of societies working within the various areas of sexual function and dysfunction.

Main Outcome Measure

A unified set of definitions was developed and accepted for use by the International Society for the Study of Women’s Sexual Health (ISSWSH) and members of other stakeholder societies participating in the consensus meeting.

Results

Current DSM-5 definitions, in particular elimination of desire and arousal disorders as separate diagnoses and lack of definitions of other specific disorders, were adapted to create ISSWSH consensus nomenclature for distressing sexual dysfunctions. The ISSWSH definitions include hypoactive sexual desire disorder, female genital arousal disorder, persistent genital arousal disorder, female orgasmic disorder, pleasure dissociative orgasm disorder, and female orgasmic illness syndrome.

Conclusion

Definitions for female sexual dysfunctions that reflect current science provide useful nomenclature for current and future management of women with sexual disorders and development of new therapies.
Testosterone Threshold for Increased Cardiovascular Risk in Middle-Aged and Elderly Men: A Locally Weighted Regression Analysis
Authors: Liao Pin-Wen , Wu Chia-Chang , Chen Kuan-Chou , Jaw Fu-Shan , Yu Hong-Jeng , Liu Shih-Ping , Ho Chen-Hsun
Published: November 2016

Introduction

Although testosterone deficiency has a well-known association with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), the threshold remains to be determined.

Aim

To investigate whether there is a discriminatory testosterone level below which the CVD risk increases.

Methods

The study included 876 men 45 to 74 years old who underwent a general health checkup. The Framingham Risk Score was used to estimate the 10-year CVD risk; a high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) level of at least 1 mg/L was considered an indicator of increased CVD risk. Aging symptoms and sexual function were evaluated with the Aging Males’ Symptom Scale.

Main Outcome Measures

Locally weighted regression was performed to determine the testosterone threshold for Framingham CVD risk and increased hsCRP.

Results

The mean age was 56.6 ± 7.0 years. The mean total testosterone level was 394.3 ± 115.7 ng/dL. The mean 10-year Framingham CVD risk was 16.6 ± 10.7%, and 169 (19.3%) had increased hsCRP. The locally weighted regression showed that total testosterone levels of 440 and 480 ng/dL were associated with increased Framingham CVD risk and an increased probability of increased hsCRP, respectively. Men with sexual dysfunction (poor sexual performance, decreased morning erection, and loss of libido) had significantly greater CVD risk. Their risk appeared to increase at a relatively higher testosterone level, and it reached a plateau at a testosterone level of 300 to 350 ng/dL. In contrast, the risk in those with no or less sexual dysfunction remained low at a higher testosterone level, and a threshold level of 425 to 475 ng/dL was associated with increased CVD risk. A similar pattern and threshold were identified in the analyses of the relation between testosterone and hsCRP.

Conclusion

These data showed that a testosterone threshold of 440 ng/dL was associated with increased Framingham 10-year CVD risk in middle-aged and elderly men. Poor sexual performance, decreased morning erection, and loss of libido had an impact on the testosterone threshold for CVD risk. The threshold level was higher in men with sexual dysfunction. Further study is required to evaluate the validity of these testosterone thresholds for CVD risk.
Periprosthetic Infection following Primary Hip and Knee Arthroplasty: The Impact of Limiting the Postoperative Surveillance Period
Authors: Roth Virginia R. , Mitchell Robyn , Vachon Julie , Alexandre Stéphanie , Amaratunga Kanchana , Smith Stephanie , Vearncombe Mary , Davis Ian , Mertz Dominik , Henderson Elizabeth , John Michael , Johnston Lynn , Lemieux Camille , Pelude Linda , Gravel Denise ,   the Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program
Published: November 2016

BACKGROUND

Hip and knee arthroplasty infections are associated with considerable healthcare costs. The merits of reducing the postoperative surveillance period from 1 year to 90 days have been debated.

OBJECTIVES

To report the first pan-Canadian hip and knee periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) rates and to describe the implications of a shorter (90-day) postoperative surveillance period.

METHODS

Prospective surveillance for infection following hip and knee arthroplasty was conducted by hospitals participating in the Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program (CNISP) using standard surveillance definitions.

RESULTS

Overall hip and knee PJI rates were 1.64 and 1.52 per 100 procedures, respectively. Deep incisional and organ-space hip and knee PJI rates were 0.96 and 0.71, respectively. In total, 93% of hip PJIs and 92% of knee PJIs were identified within 90 days, with a median time to detection of 21 days. However, 11%–16% of deep incisional and organ-space infections were not detected within 90 days. This rate was reduced to 3%–4% at 180 days post procedure. Anaerobic and polymicrobial infections had the shortest median time from procedure to detection (17 and 18 days, respectively) compared with infections due to other microorganisms, including Staphylococcus aureus.

CONCLUSIONS

PJI rates were similar to those reported elsewhere, although differences in national surveillance systems limit direct comparisons. Our results suggest that a postoperative surveillance period of 90 days will detect the majority of PJIs; however, up to 16% of deep incisional and organ-space infections may be missed. Extending the surveillance period to 180 days could allow for a better estimate of disease burden.

Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2017;38:147–153
Jurisdiction Size and Local Government Policy Expenditure: Assessing the Effect of Municipal Amalgamation
Authors: BLOM-HANSEN JENS , HOULBERG KURT , SERRITZLEW SØREN , TREISMAN DANIEL
Published: November 2016

Across the developed world, the last 50 years have seen a dramatic wave of municipal mergers, often motivated by a quest for economies of scale. Re-examining the theoretical arguments invoked to justify these reforms, we find that, in fact, there is no compelling reason to expect them to yield net gains. Potential savings in, for example, administrative costs are likely to be offset by opposite effects for other domains. Past attempts at empirical assessment have been bedeviled by endogeneity—which municipalities amalgamate is typically nonrandom—creating a danger of bias. We exploit the particular characteristics of a recent Danish reform to provide more credible difference-in-differences estimates of the effect of mergers. The result turns out to be null: cost savings in some areas were offset by deterioration in others, while for most public services jurisdiction size did not matter at all. Given significant transition costs, the finding raises questions about the rationale behind a global movement that has already restructured local government on almost all continents.
Consistent patterns of spatial variability between NE Atlantic and Mediterranean rocky shores
Authors: Dal Bello Martina , Leclerc Jean-Charles , Benedetti-Cecchi Lisandro , Andrea De Lucia Giuseppe , Arvanitidis Christos , Van Avesaath Pim , Bachelet Guy , Bojanic Natalia , Como Serena , Coppa Stefania , Coughlan Jennifer , Crowe Tasman , Degraer Steven , Espinosa Free , Faulwetter Sarah , Frost Matt , Guinda Xabier , Jankowska Emilia , Jourde Jérôme , Juanes De La Pena Jose Antonio , Kerckhof Francis , Kotta Jonne , Lavesque Nicolas , Magni Paolo , De Matos Valentina , Orav-Kotta Helen , Pavloudi Christina , Pedrotti Maria Luiza , Peleg Ohad , Pérez-Ruzafa Angel , Puente Araceli , Ribeiro Pedro , Rigaut-Jalabert Fabienne , Rilov Gil , Rousou Maria , Rubal Marcos , Ruginis Tomas , Silva Teresa , Simon Nathalie , Sousa-Pinto Isabel , Troncoso Jesús , Warzocha Jan , Weslawski Jan Marcin , Hummel Herman
Published: November 2016

Examining how variability in population abundance and distribution is allotted among different spatial scales can inform of processes that are likely to generate that variability. Results of studies dealing with scale issues in marine benthic communities suggest that variability is concentrated at small spatial scales (from tens of centimetres to few metres) and that spatial patterns of variation are consistent across ecosystems characterized by contrasting physical and biotic conditions, but this has not been formally tested. Here we quantified the variability in the distribution of intertidal rocky shore communities at a range of spatial scales, from tens of centimetres to thousands of kilometres, both in the NE Atlantic and the Mediterranean, and tested whether the observed patterns differed between the two basins. We focused on canopy-forming macroalgae and associated understorey assemblages in the low intertidal, and on the distribution of Patella limpets at mid intertidal levels. Our results highlight that patterns of spatial variation, at each scale investigated, were consistent between the Atlantic and the Mediterranean, suggesting that similar ecological processes operate in these regions. In contrast with former studies, variability in canopy cover, species richness and limpet abundance was equally distributed among spatial scales, possibly reflecting the fingerprint of multiple processes. Variability in community structure of low intertidal assemblages, instead, peaked at the largest scale, suggesting that oceanographic processes and climatic gradients may be important. We conclude that formal comparisons of variability across scales nested in contrasting systems are needed, before any generalization on patterns and processes can be made.