bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Los costos ocultos de la Cartografía
Authors: Lazo Pritsch José María
Published: January 2021

La Información Geográfica de calidad y oportuna cada vez toma mayor importan- cia. Es imprescindible en todas las actividades de un país, jugando un rol esencial la Infraestructura de Datos Espaciales (IDE) al compartir esa información. Hay que generarla y mantenerla, pero también hay que financiarla; es común que se utilice un análisis Costo-Beneficio para tomar decisiones con respecto a la realización de proyectos de inversión en Información Geográfica, sin embargo hay algunos costos “ocultos” en la generación de los datos geográficos que generalmente no se tienen en cuenta en estos análisis, pero deberían serlos. Ellos son los llamados “Costo de Oportunidad” y el “Costo de la Mala Calidad”. El Costo de Oportunidad es el Valor de la mejor opción no realizada. Si no se hubiera decidido hacer el vuelo fotogra- métrico de 1966-1967, entonces, ¿cuál hubiera sido el impacto y cuánto el costo de oportunidad? En cambio los costos de la mala calidad correspondiente a fallos ex- ternos, son todos aquellos errores en que incurre el productor porque al cliente externo se le suministran productos o servicios inaceptables. Por errores en planos provistos por el Estado a una empresa constructora, hubo que pagar a esta última alrededor de 15 millones de dólares, que se podría haber evitado si se hubiera dis- puesto de cartografía de calidad y oportuna.  Ambos costos pueden ser de utilidad para ayudar a la toma decisiones de inversión. 

¿Estos costos ocultos, aislada o conjuntamente con un análisis Costo-Beneficio, podrán ser utilizados realmente para tomar decisiones de inversión en Información Geográfica? 

¿Podrán estos costos, tanto el de la mala calidad así como el costo de oportunidad, ser de tal magnitud como para influir en esa decisión?
Aproximación a la preservación de objetos cartográficos y geográficos digitales
Authors: Colomer Alberich José Luis
Published: January 2021

Los cortos plazos de vigencia de las tecnologías de la información y de sus soportes digitales exigen su renovación frecuente para prevenir su obsolescencia o deterioro con la consiguiente pérdida de la información almacenada. El término Digital Dark Age anuncia un escenario de práctica imposibilidad de acceder a la información digital debido a la obsolescencia del soporte físico, de los formatos y, en general, de los entornos informáticos que la soportan. En el ámbito de la información geográfi- ca y cartográfica, parece un deber inexcusable preservar los datos que han servido de base para la toma de decisiones y conseguir que éstos puedan ser utilizados en los sistemas de información del futuro. El artículo presenta los principales concep- tos relacionados con la preservación de dicho tipo de información.
Atlas de la minería metálica en México
Authors: Pérez Jiménez Sol
Published: January 2021

La minería es una actividad cada vez más importante de analizar, tanto por sus impactos ambientales como sociales. Sin embargo, la información sobre el despliegue territorial de esta actividad no es de dominio público. En respuesta a este pro- blema, en el trabajo presentamos la cartografía completa sobre minería metálica en México. Gracias al uso de Sistemas de Información Geográfica se logró la realiza- ción de un Atlas, en el cual se muestra el despliegue espacial de esta actividad a lo largo del territorio nacional. Presentamos principalmente la relación de proyectos y concesiones mineras con zonas importantes para el recurso hídrico, bajo alguna categoría de protección ambiental y territorios indígenas.
Modelaje de redes en la delimitación de áreas de cobertura para la industria petrolera. Área Carabobo de la Faja Petrolífera del Orinoco
Authors: Leal Salcedo Roque Leonardo
Published: January 2021

Uno de los elementos generadores de dinámica en cualquier área geográfica corres- ponde a los medios de transporte y las comunicaciones. Para el caso del área Cara- bobo de la Faja Petrolífera del Orinoco se estima que en los venideros años estos elementos cobren un intenso dinamismo producto de los planes de desarrollo pre- vistos por PDVSA y sus Filiales, de allí que utilizando la base cartográfica disponi- ble 1:100,000 junto a la definición de una serie de permisas se ha desarrollado un modelo de red del transporte terrestre para conocer las posibles áreas de cobertura que las vías terrestres en sus diferentes categorías: expresas, colectoras, rurales y operacionales permiten la interconexión de las principales localidades, instalaciones y ciudades.
LEVETIRACETAM INDUCED URTICARIA IN PATIENT OF FOCAL SEIZURES; A CASE REPORT
Authors: Patiyal Nitin , Bhardwaj Amit , Kansal Dinesh , Sood Atal
Published: January 2021

Drug rash due to medications are common and can be serious leading to increase in morbidity and mortality. Drug rash can be caused by antiepileptic medications also. We are reporting a case of cutaneous reaction secondary to levetiracetam. A 22 years old female presented to the hospital with history of three episodes of seizures. She was diagnosed with focal seizures with secondary generalization and was prescribed tablet levetiracetam 500 mg twice a day for seizure prophylaxis. After 3rd dose, the patient developed diffuse, erythematous and itchy rashes over whole body without any breathing difculties. Levetiracetam was discontinued, and tablet lacosamide 200 mg twice daily was substituted. After 1 day, the rash dissipated. Our case was classied as drug-induced urticaria with red itchy hives. The world health organization Uppsala monitoring Centre (WHO-UMC) causality assessment system suggested a probable/likely cause for levetiracetam-induced skin reaction. Levetiracetam seemingly have fewer side effects than the traditional antiepileptic medications but it is important for the healthcare providers to continuously monitor the medication for adverse effects, so that necessary modications and required labeling may be reformed in-time.
Blur2Sharp: A GAN-based Model for Document Image Deblurring
Authors: Neji Hala
Published: January 2021

Model for document deblurring using cycle-consistent adversarial networks
Polarization-adjusted Convolutional (PAC) Codes: Sequential Decoding vs List Decoding
Authors: Rowshan Mohammad , Burg Andreas , Viterbo Emanuele
Published: January 2021

In the Shannon lecture at the 2019 International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT), Arıkan proposed to employ a one-to-one convolutional transform as a pre-coding step before the polar transform. The resulting codes of this concatenation are called polarization-adjusted convolutional (PAC) codes. In this scheme, a pair of polar mapper and demapper as pre- and postprocessing devices are deployed around a memoryless channel, which provides polarized information to an outer decoder leading to improved error correction performance of the outer code. In this paper, the list decoding and sequential decoding (including Fano decoding and stack decoding) are first adapted for use to decode PAC codes. Then, to reduce the complexity of sequential decoding of PAC/polar codes, we propose (i) an adaptive heuristic metric, (ii) tree search constraints for backtracking to avoid exploration of unlikely sub-paths, and (iii) tree search strategies consistent with the pattern of error occurrence in polar codes. These contribute to the reduction of the average decoding time complexity from 50% to 80%, trading with 0.05 to 0.3 dB degradation in error correction performance within FER=10^-3 range, respectively, relative to not applying the corresponding search strategies. Additionally, as an important ingredient in Fano decoding of PAC/polar codes, an efficient computation method for the intermediate LLRs and partial sums is provided. This method is effective in backtracking and avoids storing the intermediate information or restarting the decoding process. Eventually, all three decoding algorithms are compared in terms of performance, complexity, and resource requirements.
An Efficient and Robust Remote User Authentication Method
Authors: Khan M
Published: January 2021

Wu-Chieu proposed an enhanced remote user authentication scheme to improve the security of a user-friendly remote user authentication scheme with smart cards. However, we demonstrate that their scheme is vulnerable and susceptible to the attacks and can easily be cryptanalyzed. Their scheme performs only unilateral authentication (only client authentication) and there is no mutual authentication between user and remote system, so their scheme suscepts from the server spoofing attack. Furthermore, their scheme is slower in detecting the wrong input-password, and users cannot change their passwords. This paper proposes an efficient and secure remote authentication scheme to solve the problems found in Wu-Chieu’s scheme. In addition, the computational costs and efficiency of the proposed scheme is better than other related published schemes.
Humidification and the HME filter
Authors: Wellbeloved MA
Published: January 2021

The process of intubation and ventilation bypasses both the physiological humidification system and protective filtering processes. Various devices have been developed to aid in providing humidification of medical gasses and to serve as filters to reduce transmission of microbes. The following types of devices are available:

* Heat and moisture exchanger without filter (HME)
* Electrostatic filter with or without HME
* Pleated filter with or without HME
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) may have Four Subtypes Beneficial for Adequate Treatment
Authors: H Bando
Published: January 2021

Diabetes includes various heterogeneous factors. Similar to subtypes of type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes may show four subtype clusters. They are cluster A: severe insulin-deficient diabetes, B: severe insulin-resistant diabetes, C: mild obesity-related diabetes, and D: mild age-related diabetes. Comparing them, the prevalence of nephropathy and cardiovascular events was highest in the cluster A. Reference data are i) the ratio of cluster A-D is 18.7%, 23.7%, 21.1%, 36.4%, ii) HbA1c for A-D is 11.05%, 8.17%, 8.49%, 7.95%, iii) event ratio of MACE is 14.4%, 10.6%, 11.4%, 9.1%. Future diabetic treatment is hopefully provided suitable for each subtype.
THE EFFECT OF PSEUDOCEDRELA KOTSCHYI (SCHWEINF.) HARMS EXTRACTS AGAINST STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS GROWTH
Authors: Atchou Kokou , Dakey Koku Amegbo , Etroubeka-Tsono Farida , Agban Amégninou , Karou Simplice Damintoti , Ameyapoh Yaovi , De Souza Comlan , Gbeassor Mensavi
Published: January 2021

Staphylococcus aureus is a ubiquitous bacteria that causes a serious health problem because of its multi-resistance to antibiotics. The aimed of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of P. kotschyi root against S. aureus ATCC 29213 and S. aureus, a clinical strain. The phytochemical compound was sought in the extracts by standard staining tests and extractions were carried out by fractionation using solvents depletion method with increasing polarity. The method of dilution in liquid medium was used for the antibacterial tests. The results showed that the aqueous extract of the bark was effective against both S. aureus with MICs of 0.39 mg.mL-1. The MICs of ethanolic extract were 0.39 and 0.78 mg.mL-1, respectively on S. aureus ATCC 29213 and S. aureus. The steles of P. kotschyi roots were less effective. The ethanolic and aqueous extracts at concentrations = 2MICs, have been respectively bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects on tested germs. The kinetics of inhibition showed that the aqueous extract of the bark at 0.78 mg.mL-1, completely destroyed the two germs respectively in 4 h and 5 h. The action of ethanolic extract at 0.78 and 1.56 mg.mL-1 occurs late against both S. aureus at 6 h and 7 h. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, anthracenes, glycosides, saponosides and sterols, some of that may be responsible for the observed antimicrobial activity. This study proved the antibacterial activity of P. kotschyi roots that can be exploited as an antibiotic in the treatment of S. aureus infections.
Advanced Metering Infrastructure with Secure Chord Lookup Protocol for IoT Systems
Authors: P Karrupusamy
Published: January 2021

The advanced metering infrastructure is enhanced in terms of system storage and latency using a secure chord lookup protocol scheme. Privacy of the subscriber and data security is maintained while reducing the memory consumption and data exchange duration using a protected multi-mode computation algorithm in the proposed model. Internet of things (IoT) based advanced metering networks can be greatly benefitted by this model. The production capacity is increased by 25% using the proposed model as per the simulated results, when compared to the existing systems. There is also over 50% reduction in the average data collection time and 15% reduction in the package delivery ratio. Lightweight authentication based secure mechanism is also provided to improve the safety of the model. When compared to the existing algorithms, the memory requirement and utilization of the proposed model is reduced by half.
PERANAN MARKETING MIX TERHADAP KEPUASAN DAN LOYALITAS PELANGGAN SEPEDA MOTOR YAMAHA DI SURAKARTA
Authors: Herawati Nunuk , Sulistyowati Murni
Published: January 2021

ABSTRAKTujuan Penelitian  ini adalah menganalisis  pengaruh  Produk, Harga, Promosi, Tempat terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan Sepeda Motor Yamaha di Surakarta, menganalisis pengaruh  Produk, Harga, Promosi, Tempat, dan Kepuasan Pelanggan terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan Sepeda Motor Yamaha di Surakarta.Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah Pelanggan sepeda motor Yamaha yang melakukan pembelian lebih dari satu kali di  Surakarta. Data berupa data primer melalui penyebaran kuesioner kepada pelanggan sepeda motor Yamaha .Data diuji menggunakan uji validitas, reliabilitas, analisa jalur, uji t, uji F, uji R2, Uji Korelasi. Secara parsial (uji t) : 1).Variabel Produk, Harga, Promosi, Tempat berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan Sepeda Motor Yamaha di Surakarta, 2).Variabel Produk, Harga, Promosi, Tempat, Kepuasan Pelanggan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan Sepeda Motor Yamaha di Surakarta. Variabel Produk, Harga, Promosi, Tempat, Kepuasan Pelanggan secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan Sepeda Motor Yamaha di Surakarta. Produk, Harga, Promosi, Tempat, Kepuasan Pelanggan mampu menjelaskan Loyalitas Pelanggan sebesar 69,5 % sisanya sebesar 30,9 % dijelaskan oleh variable lain di luar model seperti : ikatan emosi, Kepercayaan, Kemudahan transaksi, Pelayanan. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan Kepuasan Pelanggan dapat dijadikan sebagai variable intervening pada hubungan Produk,Harga dan Tempat terhadap Loyalitas pelanggan. Variabel Kepuasan Pelanggan tidak dapat dijadikan sebagai variable intervening pada hubungan Promosi terhadap Loyalitas pelanggan. Kata kunci : Marketing Mix, Kepuasan Pelanggan, Loyalitas Pelanggan
STRATEGI PEMASARAN DENGAN OPTIMALISASI PROMOSI, KELAS SOSIAL DAN CITRA MEREK UNTUK PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN KONSUMEN UNTUK BERBELANJA ONLINE (STUDI KASUS DI MATAHARIMALL.COM)
Authors: Mastuti Dian Nur , DKW Yuniatin Trisnawati
Published: January 2021

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Strategi Pemasaran dengan Optimalisasi Promosi, Kelas Sosial dan Citra Merk untuk Pengambilan Keputusan Konsumen untuk Berbelanja online (Studi Kasus di Mataharimall.com). Penelitian dilakukan pada konsumen mataharimall.com di kota Surakarta dengan sampel sebanyak 100 orang dengan metode purposive sampling dengan menggunakan kuesioner.Analisa Data menunjukkan hasil bahwa seluruh pertanyaan yang digunakan dalam kuesioner valid dan reliabel. Hasil uji asumsi klasik menunjukkan bahwa seluruh data  normal, tidak terjadi heterokesdastisitas, tidak terjadi multikolineriaritas serta tidak terjadi autokorelasi. Hasil uji regresi berganda dan uji t menunjukkan bahwa Variabel promosi berpengaruh positif tidak signifikan terhadap keputusan, Kelas sosial berpengaruh negatif tidak signifikan terhadap keputusan, dan Citra Merk berpengaruh positif tidak signifikan terhadap keputusan. Hasil uji R2 menunjukkan hasil bahwa Promosi, Kelas sosial dan citra merk hanya mampu menjelaskan variabel Keputusan Konsumen untuk berbelanja online sebesar 8%, sedang sisanya dipengaruhi oleh variabel di luar penelitian. Kata kunci : Promosi, Kelas Sosial, Citra merk, Keputusan
РОЛЬ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫХ ИНСТИТУТОВ В РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ РЕГИОНАЛЬНОЙ
СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ
Authors: Угурчиева Р.О. , Мусаев М.М.
Published: January 2021

Проблемы современной социально-экономической ситуации в России выдвигают на передний план задачи задействования активной государственной политики, ориентированной на устойчивое обеспечение экономического роста, развития всех составляющих социально-экономического потенциала, в т.ч. повышения качества трудовых ресурсов, развития экономической активности граждан, улучшения условий жизни, наращивания эффективности производства, развития рыночной инфраструктуры и т.п. Все это требует рассмотрения, в первую очередь, вопроса о месте и значимости государственных институтов в проведении региональной социально-экономической политики.
В специальной экономической литературе совокупность различных подходов определения региональной социально-экономической политики можно свести к двум основным подходам.
Во-первых, это региональная политика, реализуемая общегосударственными (федеральными) структурами, и, во-вторых – региональная социально-экономическая политика, проводимая местными властями в регионе.
Как правило, все прежние годы исследователи делали акцент проблемам реализации общегосударственной региональной политики.
Особенностью современного периода развития является наличие множества разнообразных организационных форм проведения региональной социально-экономической политики. Так, например, в США широко используется корпорация регионального развития, в странах ЕС наблюдается ассортимент реализации разнообразных функций – начиная с восстановления слаборазвитых территорий до структурной перестройки освоенных регионов на постиндустриальной основе.
Надо также отметить повышение роли управления территориальным развитием на уровне городов, агломераций и органов муниципального саморегулирования. Причем, особо выразительно, что наблюдается устойчивый переход в управлении региональной экономикой от администрирования к менеджменту. И это естественно, ибо само общество стало все более институциолизованным.
Все это подвигло нас на изучение зарубежного опыта места и роли государственных институтов в реализации региональной социально-экономической политики с позиции возможности использования его положительных сторон в российской практике.
Effectiveness of ESW T in Treatment of Heel Spurs
Authors: Szewczyk Jakub , Polińska-Szewczyk Katarzyna , Zwolińska-Mirek Katarzyna
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Heel spurs are degenerative changes in the heel bone in the region of the medial process of the calcaneal tuberosity. More and more patients are now looking for ways to cope with the symptoms of heel spurs. The pain is located mainly underneath the heel or at the back of the heel. Patients experience the pain while walking; which often gets worse in the morning. The pain results from entesopathy in the region of the heel bone and from the inflammation of structures such as the plantar aponeurosis or the Achilles tendon. One of the ways of treating heel spurs is with a shockwave machine.
Material and Methods: There were 42 patients involved in the study, 23 women and 19 men, aged 27-65. They were given shockwave treatment – ESWT seven times at one-week intervals. The electromagnetic shock wave in the Rosetta ESWT machine is targeted directly to the area which is painful, where the focus of inflammation is. Thus, the shock wave hits the inflamed spot directly without entering the adjacent tissue. For all the patients, measurements were made with the use of VAS, the 5-point Latinen questionnaire and algometry.
Results: Shockwave therapy was found to be fairly effective and the results of the treatment were observed for longer periods compared to the results of more traditional methods of treatment. The patients experienced lower pain levels, both immediately after the last treatment session and one month after the therapy was completed.
The Influence of Laser Therapy and Magnetotherapy on the Function and Quality of Life Patients with Rheumatoid Artritis of Hand Joints
Authors: Kostro Amanda Maria , Dakowicz Agnieszka , Moskal-Jasińska Diana , Kuryliszyn-Moskal Anna
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic, inflammatory, systemic complex disease involving joints and periarticular tissues, leading to disability and premature death. The most common and earliest locations of the inflammatory process involves hands. In addition to pharmacotherapy, therapeutic management includes physiotherapy, psychotherapy and patient education. Among the physical therapy methods, the role of laser therapy and magnetotherapy in achieving analgesic effects and improving functions is emphasized.
AIM: The aim of the study was to compare the impact of low frequency magnetic field and laser therapy on pain reduction, quality of life and function improvement as well as range of motion hands joints in patients with RA.
Material and Methods: The study involved 30 outpatient in the Rehabilitation Clinic of the University Clinical Hospital in Bialystok. Among all patients they were selected into two groups in which they were applied accordingly in the first group a laser stimulation and in the second group a low frequency magnetic field. There were performed 10 treatments in each group with a Saturday - Sunday break. Before and after rehabilitation was conducted a physical and subjective examination, which used: pain examination (VAS scale, Laitinen questionnaire), examination of hand range of motion and functional evaluation according to questionnaires: bMHQ, DASH, AIMS-2.
Results: After used of physical therapy in both groups the results were obtained that pain was decreased. Moreover, the magnetotherapy improved the range of motion as well as the quality of life and functionality of patients measured according to the questionnaires: Laitinen, Breif MHQ, DASH, AIMS-2 more favorably than laser therapy.
Conclusions: Both treatment: laser therapy and magnetotherapy provide an analgesic effect in patients with RA. It has been shown that magnetotherapy is more effective in improving hand joints mobility and patient’s quality of live.
Realization of Contracts for Providing Health Care Services Such
as Health Resorts in 2019
Authors: Kosowski Arkadiusz , Jabłońska Barbara , Kifert Konrad
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Health treatment services in health resorts are a specific type of health care services in the Polish health protection system. In the context of performing the services, this specificity should be indicated in the rules for referring patients to treatment in health resorts. Referrals to treatment or rehabilitation in health resorts must be confirmed by the voivodeship branch office of the Fund, which is competent for the place of residence of the respective beneficiary. By confirming referrals, the voivodeship branch office of the National Health Fund specifies, inter alia, the type, place and date of the treatment. Therefore, it should be pointed out that the process in which the National Health Fund confirms referrals to treatment in health resorts is an important factor impacting the performance of treatment services in health resorts.
Material: In order to inform about the performance of health care services in health resorts in 2019, the National Health Fund analysed the data by taking into account, inter alia, quantitative and value data (the value and number of registered medical referrals), medical data (the basis of the referrals, treatment profile, and scope of services), and statistical data (age and sex).
Conclusions: From the analysis containing the above mentioned data, which is performed by the National Health Fund, results that the largest age group being treated in health resorts is the group aged from 56 to 65 years, which accounts for 41.03% of the total group of beneficiaries. On the other hand, the smallest groups is comprised of beneficiaries aged from 19 to 40 years, i.e. 1.39% of the total group of beneficiaries. This means that there is a significant disparity in the performance of treatment in health resorts between different age groups. Disparities may also be noticed in the performance of medical referrals to treatment in terms of sex, i.e. women account for 63.67% and men for just 36.33%.
Health consequences of alcohol abuse on the example of patients of the Emergency
Department at the University Hospital in Bialystok
Authors: Jabłońska Sylwia , Bakier Paulina , Lech Mateusz , Milewski Rafał , Ładny Jerzy Robert , Nadolny Klaudiusz , Duchnowska Emilia
Published: January 2021

The aim: To assess patients admitted to the Emergency Department requiring hospitalization in whom the presence of alcohol has been stated in laboratory tests.
Material and methods: The study was conducted on the basis of medical documentation analysis of 134 patients treated in Emergency Department in whom blood alcohol has been stated. The study included: sociodemographic data, blood alcohol concentration, the reason for hospitalization, the average duration of hospitalization and the patient’s future.
Results: Retrospective study was based on medical records of134patients treated in the Emergency Department of the University Hospital in Bialystok from 01/01/2016 to 01/06/2016.The analysis took into account patients whose laboratory tests results showed an alcohol concentration above 0.004 ‰.The most common reason for hospitalization for examined patients was alcohol intoxicationa 26%.For 25% of examined patients, the cause of hospitalization was alcohol addiction syndrome, 19%drug poisoning,13% gastrointestinal bleeding. Almost 20% of patients was hospitalized in the Emergency Department with multiple injuries.
Conclusions: The majority of patients hospitalized in Emergency Departments are patients under the influence of alcohol. Such patients are a cause of Emergency Departments overload, which are not efficient due to the number of patients who use the services of EDs instead primary healthcare facilities. Other causes of hospitalization of alcoholic patients are associated with constant exposure to alcohol. Such situation suggests changes in the health care system which would relieve EDs and involve other units of the health care system. The system should focus on education and treatment of patients by non-invasive methods, i.e. psychotherapy or other psychological help.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN EATING HABITS AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Kiebuła Paulina , Tomczyk Katarzyna , Furman Joanna , Łabuz-Roszak Beata
Published: January 2021

The aim: The study aimed to assess the association between the physical activity level and eating habits of primary school students.
Material and methods: 139 children attending one of the Polish primary school or football school were included. The research tool was author’s anonymous survey.
Results: The high physical activity level was observed in 34.1% of boys and in 8.8% of girls. As the level of physical activity increased, the consumption of vegetables and fruits also increased. Whole grain bread, coarse-grained groats, whole grain pasta and brown rice were more popular among students with a high physical activity level. The greater the physical activity, the greater the amount of water drank by students. The consumption of sweets, fast food, and ready-made meals, such as frozen pizza or Chinese soup, decreased with increased physical activity. The choice of healthier substitutes for unhealthy snacks was declared by students with moderate or high physical activity level. There was no correlation between BMI and age and the physical activity level. Girls were less active than boys.
Conclusions: More active physically children had better eating habits and were more aware of healthy eating principles than less active people.
ROLE OF STAGE ENDOSCOPIC VARICEAL BAND LIGATION IN TREATMENT OF CHILDREN WITH PORTAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Voroniak Dariia I. , Godik Oleg S. , Fedoniuk Larysa Ya. , Shapoval Olena М. , Piliponova Viktoriia V.
Published: January 2021

The aim: To evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic variceal band ligation (EVL) after the first esophageal EVL session in children with PH according to endoscopic data. Materials and methods: EVL was performed to 39 patients with PH for the purpose of variceal bleeding primary and secondary prophylaxis. Results: Esophageal varices grade decrease was observed in 22 (56.41%) children. Cases of early rebleeding (within 14 days after EVL) were not registered. Eradication of varices was successful in 11 (28.2%) of patients. In 1 (2.56%) case the complication (bleeding) occurred while banding procedure. 1 (2.56%) patients had bleeding from gastric varices prior to a control endoscopy. Portal gastropathy grade changes were observed in 17 (43.59%) patients. Conclusions: EVL is a safe and effective method of esophageal varices bleeding prophylaxis. This method allows control the esophageal varices grade at different phases of PH treatment in children. Even one EVL session can decrease the grade of esophageal varices (р<0.001). The EVL effect on the severity of portal gastropathy (p=0.02) and on the red marks presence (p=0.005) was also determined. EVL reduced the risk of variceal rebleeding (р=0.05, RR=0.05 (95%CI 0.01-0.32)).
QUALITY OF ORTHOPEDIC REHABILITATION OF PATIENTS WITH POST-TRAUMATIC DEFECTS OF THE UPPER JAW BY CHARACTERISTICS OF BIOCENOSIS OF THE ORAL CAVITY
Authors: Yanishen Igor V. , Fedotova Olena L. , Khlystun Nataliia L. , Berezhna Olena O. , Kuznetsov Roman V.
Published: January 2021

The aim of the research was to study the dynamics of the microbiota’s features of oral mucosal membrane during orthopedic rehabilitation of patients with removable dentures which has an obturating part with two-layer bases.
Materials and methods: To achieve this goal, our bacteriological examination of oral cavity mucosa was performed for 25 patients with partial adentia of the upper jaw and
defect of hard palate and alveolar process.
Results and conclusions: Of the conducted studies indicate significant shifts in the qualitative and quantitative composition of microbiocenosis in the oral cavity in patients with partial adenia of the upper jaw and a defect of hard palate and alveolar process due to representatives of moraksel, enterobacteria (representatives of the kinds Klebsiella and E. coli). The сomparing of frequency of extraction and the density of microbial colonization showed us the persistence in biotope of representatives near 13 kinds of bacteria and yeast-like fungi of the kind Candida in averages from lg (2,5 ± 0,19) to lg (5,4 ± 0,17) CFU/g. For patients who have been made a two-layered basis, materials of which are based on carboxymethylcellulose and polyvinialacetate in the period of adaptation to removable dentures, showed us that the detection of 5 component associations at 30 days was reduced by 2 times (χ2 = 5,991; ν = 2; p <0,05) . The frequency of removal and density of microbial colonization of the experimental group did not differ statistically. Among patients in the control group, the microbial colonization density increased for Enterococcus spp, for Klebsiella spp and for Candida spp. Yeast-like fungi. A significant decrease in the microbial density of the resident microflora was 1.4 times for Neisseria spp, 1.6 times for Lactobacillus spp (p <0,05).
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSTICS OF A RADIONECROSIS AND LOCAL TUMORAL RECURRENCE ACCORDING TO ARTERIAL SPIN LABELLING AFTER RADIOSURGERY TREATMENT OF MALIGNANT GLIOMAS OF A BRAIN
Authors: Gryazov Andrey B. , Medvedovska Yulia V. , Gryazov Andrey A.
Published: January 2021

The aim: Assessment of a possibility of performing differential diagnostics of the post-beam radio necrosis (PBRN) and the local recurrence (LR) after the carried-out stereotaxic radio surgery (SRS) according to perfusion on the basis of non-contrast pulse arterial backs markings (PASL).
Materials and methods: In our research, we consider results of the stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) which is carried out to 20 patients with the diagnosis the malignant
glioma of a brain (MGB) in respect differential diagnostics of a local tumor recurrence and radionecrosis according to perfusion non-contrast MRT of a research on the basis of the sequence of PASL. The diagnosis of MGB before carrying out SRS was established to all 20 patients on the basis of a histologic research on data of a biopsy. From them the anaplastic astrocytoma (AnASTs, grade III) and at 14 – a glioblastoma was diagnosed for 6 patients (GBM, grade IV).
Confirmations of the post-beam diagnosis it was carried out on the basis of a histologic research on results of a stereotactic biopsy or a surgical resection.
Traditional methods of medical statistics were applied to processing of the statistical information obtained in a research at all its stages (calculation of average and relative sizes with their errors), also graphic and tabular methods were applied to rational evident statement of the received results.
Results: The diagnosis of a local tumor recurrence according to a relative regional blood-groove on the basis of PASL was exposed to 8 patients and confirmed histologically (to 5 patients underwent surgical resection, 3 – according to biopsy data). Patients with a confirmed diagnosis of relapse according to biopsy were performed in 1 case, repeated radiosurgery and in 2 cases (with a diagnosis of multifocal continued growth of glioblastoma) – irradiation of the entire brain. Radionecrosis was diagnosed in 12 cases. In 6 cases, it was confirmed on the basis of clinical diagnostic data of dynamic observation of patients, in 3 cases – according to surgical resection, and in 3 cases – according to stereotactic biopsy. According to our data, the average rrCBF based on arterial spin labelling (PASL) rTPmean ≤ 0.8ml / 100g / minute most likely testified in favor of radionecrosis, average ≥ 1.5ml / 100g / min – in favor of tumor progression, the maximum rTPmax ≤ 1.3ml / 100g / min most likely testified in favor of radio-necrosis, the maximum indicator rTPmax≥ 1.8ml / 100g / min – in favor of tumor progression.
Conclusions: According to a relative regional blood flow of rrCBF based on non-contrast PASL perfusion, it is possible to reliably carry out a differential diagnosis of radionecrosis and local tumor recurrence in patients undergoing radiosurgical treatment for malignant gliomas of the brain.
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM OF THE MATURE RATS WITH CONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM AND ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Chuhray Svetlana N. , Lavrynenko Viktoria E. , Kaminsky Rostyslav F. , Shobat Larysa B. , Kovalchuk Oleksandr I. , Chaikovsky Yuri B. , Sokurenko Liudmyla M.
Published: January 2021

The aim: Studying changes in the ultrastructure of blood circulatory capillaries of the myocardium of mature rats with hypothyroidism and arterial hypertension.
Materials and methods: Experiments were conducted on (240 days) 10 ISIAH (inherited stress-induced arterial hypertension) line rats with AH (arterial hypertension), 10
Wistar line rats with congenital hypothyroidism and 10 intact animals. Arterial pressure was measured, and the development of hypothyroidism was controlled by the immune
enzyme method. The study of the left ventricle myocardium of the rat heart was carried out by electron microscopic and morphometric studies.
Results: In in rats with AH the following changes were observed in the blood capillaries of the myocardium: decrease in the number of capillaries; disturbance of blood circulation; the number of organelles of the biosynthetic plan and structures involved in the transendothelial transfer of substances decreased in endothelial cells; lysis and edema of the latter; mucinous perivascular edema, confirmed by the accumulation of fine-fibrillar structures, collagen fibers, cellular detritus. By the same term, in the group with congenital hypothyroidism, dystrophic-destructive changes in the blood capillaries of the myocardium acquired the highest degree, which resulted in a decrease in their number due to destruction. Ultrastructure of the biosynthetic plan organelles and structures of the transendothelial transfer of substances were in decompensated state.
Conclusions: The rats (in 240 days) with AH and congenital hypothyroidism express breakdown of compensatory processes in the capillaries of the myocardium. This is
manifested by the further dilution of capillaries, the development of hypoxic state in them as well as mucinous edema of interstitium, the decrease of activity of biosynthetic and transport processes.
CLINICAL PREDICTION OF EARLY ONSET SEPSIS IN PRETERM NEONATES
Authors: Pokhylko Valeriy , Cherniavska Yuliia , Adamchuk Nataliia , Tsvirenko Svitlana , Klimchuk Yuliia
Published: January 2021

The aim of the study was to analyze and identify risk factors for the development of early onset sepsis in preterm neonates and to develop a clinical prognostic model.
Materials and methods: A retrospective cohort study included 152 newborns with birth weight from 1000 to 2500 g, who were treated in the neonatal intensive care units
of medical institutions in the Poltava region. Among 152 children, 121 had clinical and laboratory symptoms of infection, which were regarded as manifestations of early onset sepsis, the rest of the children (n = 31) had no manifestations of infection.
Results: According to the results of multiple stepwise logistic regression analysis, the predictive model has been developed. It included gestational age, visual changes of
placenta, Apgar score at the 1st minute, the level of monocytes more than 6.5%, the history of abortions and premature rupture of membranes. The diagnostic characteristics of the developed model had high: sensitivity – 82.2%, specificity – 93.55%, positive predictive value – 97.98%, negative predictive value – 58%.
Conclusions: The prognostic model developed by us, which showed high diagnostic characteristics, includes information on maternal risk factors, the state of the newborn
immediately after birth, and biomarkers of infection (C-reactive protein and monocyte count). Therefore, we believe that when interpreting biomarkers, the decision to prescribe antibiotics should be based on the presence of maternal risk factors and clinical symptoms of infection in the prematurely born child, which may be nonspecific
DIAGNOSTIC FEATURES OF DYSFUNCTION IN CYTOKINE AND SYMPATHOADRENAL SYSTEMS WITH ISCHEMIC STROKE
Authors: Lychko Volodymyr S.
Published: January 2021

The aim: Was a comprehensive study of the changes in features like structural and functional parameters of brain tissue, cytokine profile and β-adrenoceptor in the acute
period of ischemic stroke (IS) to optimise diagnosis and treatment. The study was conducted at the Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology at the Medical Institute of Sumy State University.
Materials and methods: Measurements of complex dielectric constant (CDC) were performed by EHF dielectrometry. Determination of plasma levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was performed by solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The work was based on the materials of a comprehensive examination of 350 patients with the first in the life of IS on the 1st, 10th and 21st day of the disease.
Results: Cerebral hypoxia leads to a significant increase in the CDC of erythrocyte membranes (about 15 %), which may lead to a rise in the volume fraction of water in cell suspensions due to damage of their membrane-receptor complex (MRC). The revealed connections between changes of CDC of patients with IS and decrease insensitivity of their MRC to adrenergic drugs testify in favour of damaging action of hypoxia. An imbalance in the cytokine system and their relationship to the sympathoadrenal system has been identified.
Conclusions: There is a strong association of mechanisms that damage the MRC of cells during acute cerebral ischemia with functional changes in both the sympathoadrenal and cytokine systems. Identified links in the pathogenesis of IS should be used for early diagnosis of the disease.
HOME DIALYSIS DURING COVID-19 OUTBREAK– IT IS WORTH TO CONSIDER
Authors: Żebrowski Paweł , Zawierucha Jacek , Marcinkowski Wojciech , Prystacki Tomasz , Chomicka Inga , Malyszko Jolanta
Published: January 2021

The epidemic with the new SARS-CoV-2 virus poses a serious threat to patients treated with renal replacement therapy. Besides clinical risk factors (such as numerous
comorbidities, immune disorders), dialysis patients are additionally exposed to the virus through regular stays for several hours in a dialysis center and ambulance journeys. In such an epidemiological situation, it seems that peritoneal dialysis and home hemodialysis are good alternatives for treatment. Currently available telemedicine and medical technologies allow for effective renal replacement therapy also outside dialysis centers. Thanks to this, it is possible to limit the stay of patients in a medical facility to clinically justified situations. For this reason, increasing the number of patients treated with peritoneal dialysis, which is carried out at home and without contact with medical personnel, seems to be a good solution. Enabling patients to undergo home hemodialysis treatment, nowadays unavailable in Poland and establishing it as a guaranteed benefit in the health care system will enable renal replacement therapy to be adapted to the clinical condition and the need for isolation.
MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PLEOMORPHIC ADENOMAS OF SALIVARY GLANDS (ANALYSIS OF THE SURGICAL MATERIAL)
Authors: Brodetskyi Igor S. , Dyadyk Olena O. , Myroshnychenko Mykhailo S. , Zaritska Valentina I.
Published: January 2021

The aim of the study is to reveal the morphological features of pleomorphic adenomas of the salivary glands during a comprehensive examination of the surgical material.
Materials and methods: Surgical material from 30 patients with pleomorphic adenomas of the salivary glands was studied. Microspecimens stained with hematoxylin and
eosin were studied, using an Olympus BX-41 microscope (Japan) with subsequent processing with the Olympus DP-soft version 3.1 software, which was used to conduct a morphometric study. By morphometry in the tumor tissue, the specific volumes of the parenchyma and stroma, the thickness of the capsule located between the tumor tissue and the tissue of the salivary gland were determined; the absolute number of vessels in the field of view of the microscope was counted at × 100 magnification.
Results: Comprehensive morphological analysis of the surgical material of removed neoplasms of the salivary glands has showed that mesenchymal (15 cases, 50.0%) and mixed (10 cases, 33.3%) variants of pleomorphic adenomas are more common, and less often epithelial variants (5 cases, 16.7%). Pleomorphic adenoma is characterized by a different ratio of the epithelial (parenchymal) and mesenchymal (stromal) components forming this tumor, structural diversity and heterogeneity of the structure of these components, which do not have clear boundaries and are mixed with each other. A characteristic feature of pleomorphic adenoma is also the combination in each case of different types of epithelial cells and the structures that they form, as well as areas of various differentiation of the mesenchymal component. Mesenchymal and mixed variants of pleomorphic adenomas, in comparison with the epithelial variant, are more prone to progression and recurrence, as evidenced by our identified active processes of angiogenesis in tumor tissue, frequent tumor invasion of the capsule, thinning of the capsule or the absence of the capsule, less pronounced infiltration of the capsule by immune cells. Conclusions: The morphological features of mesenchymal, mixed and epithelial variants of pleomorphic adenomas of the salivary glands revealed by the authors should be taken into account by clinicians during choosing the tactics for treating the patient, which will undoubtedly help to reduce the incidence of tumor malignization and its recurrence.
ASSESSMENT OF THE FINANCIAL STANDING OF SELECTED RESEARCH INSTITUTES SUPERVISED BY THE MINISTER OF HEALTH BETWEEN 2014-2018
Authors: Furman Maciej , Dubas-Jakóbczyk Katarzyna , Sowada Christoph
Published: January 2021

The aim: The purpose of this study is the analysis of the financial situation of the institutes supervised by the Minister of Health in the period 2014-2018.
Material and methods: The study group consisted of 10 institutes that conducted inpatient and / or outpatient medical activities in 2018. Data to analysis derived from financial statements of research institutes from 2014 to 2018. The selection of financial indicators to ratio analysis is based on Ministry of Health ordinance from 2017.
Results: The situation of the analyzed hospitals is difficult, with the difference between individual entities. The analyzed units were characterized by high net losses (9 out of 10 units generated a loss each year) low value of revenues in relation to costs and high share of remuneration in the structure of operating costs. There was no visible financial situation improvement per year. Simultaneously, in 2018 the difference between units were major: on a point scale 0 -70 ranged from: 51 points (73%) at the Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing to 9 points (13%) at the Institute of Polish Mother’s Health Center. The results are consistent with the conclusions of the Supreme Audit Office’s reports, that baseline, medical institutes do not pursue a sustainable policy.
Conclusions: Based on the analyzed data, it can be concluded that the economic situation of these units in 2014-2018 is difficult and has not changed much compared to previous periods.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SINGLE POLYMORPHISM IN THE LOCUS RS17216473 OF THE GENE THAT ENCODES 5-LIPOXYGENASEACTIVATING PROTEIN AND RISK OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Pavlenko Oleksii Ur. , Strokina Iryna G. , Drevytska Tetiana I. , Sokurenko Liudmyla M. , Dosenko Viktor E.
Published: January 2021

The aim: To study the association between A/A, G/A, A/A genotypes, alleles A, G of the SNP rs17216473 of the gene that encodes ALOX5AP and the risk of myocardial infarction within the Ukrainian population.
Materials and methods: PCR in real time and the analysis to discriminate alleles were used. The statistical processing was carried out by χ2 criteria and by χ2 criteria with Yates correction.
Results: For the first time the SNP rs17216473 of gene that encodes ALOX5AP has been established to be statistically significantly associated with the risk of myocardial infarction in Ukrainian population. The connection with genotype A/A was opposite to that with genotype G/G. That is, A/A contribution to myocardium infarction has been statistically significant whereas, G/G has been statistically significantly associated with the absence of myocardial infarction. G/A genotype has not been statistically significantly associated with myocardial infarction. It has also been established a statistically significant connection exists between the risk of myocardial infarction and the presence of allele A (minor allele) of the polymorphism. Allele G, however, has a statistically significant association with the absence of myocardial infarction. All humans-homozygotes with the minor allele A had suffered from myocardial infarction. In the control group, humans-homozygotes with the minor allele A were not found.
Conclusions: Summarizing our obtained results, we assume the carriers of G/G genotype to have a minimal risk of myocardial infarction onset, the carriers of G/A genotype to have a moderate risk and the carriers of A/A to have a great risk.