bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uso da Profilaxia Pré-Exposição (PrEP) como PREVENÇÃO COMBINADA na contenção da disseminação do Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV) em grupos de risco
Authors: Silveira Pedro Paulo de Sousa , Silva Bento Saraiva , Sousa Caroline Viana de , Lima Edislan da Silva , Santos Kevilli Andrade dos , Banhato Lilian , Sá Micleiani Brito de , Júnior Osvaldo Gomes Pereira , Uchôa Wemilly Morgana Coelho , Lima Filho Antônio Carlos Melo
Published: June 2022

Objetivo: Avaliar como o uso da Profilaxia Pré-Exposição (PrEP) pode contribuir como meio de prevenção combinada contra infecção pelo Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV) nos grupos de risco. Revisão bibliográfica: Diante do grande número de pessoas contaminadas com o vírus HIV no mundo, torna-se necessário identificar os grupos mais vulneráveis para estabelecer métodos de tratamento de prevenção e contenção mais eficazes. Assim, além da terapia antirretroviral e uso de preservativo, a PrEP tem se demonstrado como uma potente ferramenta no combate ao HIV agindo no impedimento da infecção pelo vírus. A PrEP é indicada para todas as pessoas não infectadas com vida sexualmente ativa, mas principalmente para as já identificadas mais vulneráveis, ou seja, profissionais do sexo, casais sorodiscordantes, usuários de drogas injetáveis e LGBT. Ressalta-se que a mesma deve ser feita em uso combinado com antirretrovirais, bem como com preservativos. Considerações finais: Em meio a eficácia do método que é inquestionável pela comunidade científica e defendida por diversos autores que debatem a temática, o medicamento ainda tem muito a enfrentar, principalmente no que diz respeito a informação precisa e de amplo alcance, algo que desafia as políticas públicas de saúde quanto a contenção do vírus via PrEP.
Synthesis, characterization, molecular docking and antimicrobial activity studies of novel oxadiazole derivatives
Authors: Subba Rao B. , Sanjeeva P. , Kamala Prasad V. , Satyanarayna Swamy V. , Venkata Ramana P.
Published: June 2022

In order to generate new chemotherapeutics with significant anticancer and bioactivity, a series of new 6-(4-((5- (substituted phenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)methyl)piperazin- 1-yl)-3-nitroimidazo[1,2-b]pyridazine (4a-f) were designed and synthesized. The structures of compounds were confirmed using elemental analysis, NMR and Mass spectral data. On the basis of molecular docking with the BAX protein, the chemicals were evaluated for their anticancer potential. The anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 is over expressed in a variety of cancer cells inhibiting apoptosis. Bcl-2 family members are mostly known as mitochondrial outer membrane integrity regulators. Anti and pro-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 protein family regulate mitochondrial outer-membrane permeabilization (MOMP) and mitochondrial dysfunction in an antagonistic manner. BAX docked well into ligand 3d and docking score was -7.3 kcal/mol. Also, all the derivatives were screened for antibacterial and antifungal activity (disc diffusion method).
Idioms expressing gestures in the Yakut language cultural representation
Authors: НИКОЛАЕВА Т.Н. , ПРОТОПОПОВА А.К.
Published: June 2022

Аннотация. Исследование посвящено изучению своеобразной природы жестовых фразеологизмов якутского языка с точки зрения их толкования, механизма образования и составления культурологического комментария по модели В. Н. Телия для определенияпринципов их лексикографического представления в учебном словаре для студентов. На материале Якутско-русского фразеологического словаря и Большого толкового словаря якутского языка рассматривается фразеологизм атаххар (сүһүөххэр) тур, который имеет несколько значений, что подкрепляется иллюстративным материалом из вышеуказанных словарей, приводится культурологический комментарий по дифференциальным позициям данной зоны, указывается наличие аналогов в других культурах без развернутого описания. Выявлено, что единицафиксируется с факультативным компонентом сүһүөх в обоих словарях, однако не находит своей реализации в иллюстративных примерах, в них основную смысловую нагрузку несет только стержневой компонент атах. Смещение основной смысловой нагрузки на компонент атах, по всей вероятности, обусловлено значением самой лексемы сүһүөх (сустав) как обозначения частисоматизма атах (нога). Толкование сүһүөх (сустав) в словаре якутского языка развивается за счет определения значения данной лексемы не только как подвижного соединения концов костей у человека, животных, но и как устойчивости, крепости суставов ног (о человеке, животных). Анализируемая единица имеет аналоги в других культурах, что подтверждается даннымисловарей других языков, которые зафиксированы в зоне «наличие в других культурах». Данная зона послужит следующим этапом для культурологического изучения жестовых фразеологизмов якутского языка, где основное внимание будет уделено выявлению и осмыслению культурногокода данных единиц.
The Evolution of Office Terminology in the XVIII Century: Names of Registration and Other Documents
Authors: МАЙОРОВ А.П.
Published: June 2022

Аннотация.РассматриваетсяхарактеристорическихизмененийвсистемедокументационнойтерминологиирусскогоязыкаXVIIIв.Основаниемдляэтихизмененийпослужили кардинальныереформывобластиадминистративногоуправленияисоциокультурнойжизни Россиивцелом,проводимыеПетромI,атакжеизвестныйпроцессразрушенияцерковно- славянско-русскойдиглоссииисинтезранееобособленныхязыковыхстихий,повлекшийзасобойформированиеединыхнормлитературногоязыкановоготипа.Актуальностьпроблемы исследованиянаименованийдокументовразличныхжанроввданныйисторическийпериодсвязанаспроблемойклассификациипамятниковделовойписьменности,жанроваясистемакоторыхвсветевышеуказанныхфакторовпретерпелаввосемнадцатомстолетиизначительныеизменения.ЦельданнойстатьирассмотретьнаименованиядокументовXVIIIв.какделопроизводственных терминоввисторико-лингвистическомаспекте.Всвязисэтимвстатьеширокоиспользуютсяметоддефиниционногоанализатерминовнаматериалеисторическихсловарейрусскогоязыкаиметодконтекстуальногоанализа.Наматериаленазванийрегистрационныхидругихдокументовпрослеживаютсяособенностиварьированияноминациидокументов,динамикалексико-семантическихотношениймеждуиноязычнымитерминамииисконныминазваниямидокументов,находящимисявсинонимическихсвязях.Обращаетсяособоевниманиенато,какисторическаядинамиканазванийдокументовразныхжанровотражаетобщелитературнуюпуристическуютенденциювторойполовинывосемнадцатогостолетия,проявляющуюсявзаменеиноязычныхнаименованийопределенныхжанровнарусские(мемориалнадоношение,журналназаписка).Тенденцияформированияболеестрогой,таксономическивыдержаннойсистемыделопроизводственныхтерминовсопределеннымродовымнаименованиемрассматриваетсянапримеретерминакнигакакоднойизтипичныхноминацийрегистрационныхдокументовXVIIIв.
Modeling of terrigenous collectors and assessment of forecast resources of a placer diamondness on the site Hanninsky by means of a mining-and-geological information system (GGIS) Micromine
Authors: СОФРОНОВ Г.В. , ТРЕТЬЯКОВ М.Ф. , ТРЕТЬЯКОВА О.Г.
Published: June 2022

Участок Ханнинский находится в пределах Дяхтарской рудно-россыпной зоны и представляет собой конус выноса кимберлитовых минералов с трубки Нюрбинская. Целью нашей работы является построение 3D моделей продуктивных толщ участка Ханнинский средствами ГГИС Micromine, подсчет прогнозных ресурсов и сопоставление полученных данных с ресурсами, подсчитанными ручным методом. Моделирование каркасов свит на данном участке в ГГИС Micromine проведено тремя способами: ручным, моделированием стратиграфии пласта и условным моделированием подошвы и кровли свит с использованием РБФ. Наиболее достоверные и точные каркасы продуктивных свит были получены моделированием стратиграфии пласта. Основными параметрами оценки прогнозных ресурсов являются: площадь, глубина прогноза и содержание полезных компонентов. Продуктивный пласт на участке локализован в отложениях дяхтарской и укугутской свиты. Для подсчёта ресурсов среднее содержание алмазов с учетом объемного веса составило 0,61 кар/м3, площадь участка составила 11,605 км2, мощности пласта - 3,99 м. Расчет прогнозных ресурсов был проведен тремя способами: 1) по контуру россыпи в плане, с постоянной мощностью 3,99 м. прогнозные ресурсы составили 28467.97 тыс.карат 2) по каркасу продуктивной толщи, подошва которой была построена при моделирповании стратиграфии пласта и продублирована на величину средней мощности 3,99 м. - ресурсы по категории Р1 составили 25604.81 тыс.карат 3) по каркасу с учетом геометрии продуктивного пласта, оконтуренного на разрезах по данным опробования - прогнозные ресурсы составили 44596.61 тыс.карат, что дает прирост ресурсов на 16 120 тыс.карат в сравнении с ручным подсчетом. Прирост ресурсов объясняется тем, что в контур продуктивной толщи оконтуренной на разрезах по данным опробования были взяты горизонты дяхтарской толщи и укугутской свиты, в связи с чем средняя мощность продуктивного пласта выросла до 7,5 м.
Equivalent Electron Subshell. Electrostatic Interaction
Authors: КЫЧКИН И.С. , СИВЦЕВ В.И.
Published: June 2022

Аннотация.ВстатьерассмотренырелятивистскиематричныеэлементыоператораэнергииэлектростатическоговзаимодействияNэквивалентныхэлектронов,находящихсявподоболочкеjN.Методомнеприводимыхтензорныхоператоровигенеалогическихкоэффициентовполученывыражениядляэтихматричныхэлементов.Полученныеформулыопределенычерез генеалогическиекоэффициентыисправедливыдлялюбыхзначенийквантовогочисламоментаjилюбогочислаNэлектроноввподоболочке.Подоболочкаможетбытьзаполненакакчастично,такипрактическиполностью.Угловыекоэффициентыматричныхэлементовмогутбытьвыраженычерезсубматричныеэлементыединичныхдвухэлектронныхтензорныхоператоров,выражаемыхчерезоператорырожденияиуничтоженияэлектроновиобразующихполнуюсистемуоператороввj-пространстве.Рангиоператоровмогутприниматьj1/2четныхзначений,начинаяот0до2j-1.Полученныеобщиеформулы,справедливыедлялюбыхjиN,вчастныхслучаях принимаютособеннопростойвид.Полученыразныерекуррентныесоотношениядляматричныхэлементов.ИспользованиеоператоровКазимираунитарнойисимплектическойгрупппозволяетещеболееупроститьвыражениядляматричныхэлементовиполучитьразныереккурентныесоотношениядляматричныхэлементов.
Mythologogem of Water (River, Sea, Ocean) in the Altai Literature (on the Example of Works by D. Kainchin and K. Telesov)
Authors: ТЕКЕНОВА У.Н.
Published: June 2022

Аннотация.Встатьеисследуетсямифологемаводы/рекиидругихводныхисточниковвпроизведенияхД.КаинчинаиК.Телесовавконтекстеалтайскойлитературы.Вкачествепримеравзятытакиепроизведенияалтайскихписателей,какповесть Оларатта ( Стогоберега )ирассказы КзибистеКк-Кайа ( ВглазахнашихСиняя-Скала ), Талкан и Эклепргенбиррм ( Однажизнь,прожитаявдвоем )Д.Каинчинаироман Кадынаскыда ( Катунь весной )К.Телесова.Вработераскрываютсяотношенияавторовкпроблемамсосуществованиячеловечестваиприродычерезмифологическиеобразы,включенныевхудожественныетексты.Вовступительнойчастистатьимаркерводногопространствакакобозначениесвоейтерриториипредставленвлирическихстихахалтайскихпоэтов.ВпрозаическихпроизведенияхписателейводныймаркеррассматриваетсякаксакральныйцентрВселенной.Какотражениенациональногосвоеобразия,спецификикультурыиэтническихособенностейалтайцеврассматривается фольклорно-мифологическаяииндивидуально-авторскаясимволика.ЧерезмифологемуводыраскрываетсявсесторонняяпарадигмамифопоэтическогообразаКадын-талай(Катунь-море). Сцельювыявленияфункцииводыкакочищения/омовенияиспользованыфольклоримифологияалтайцев.Вчастности,дляпримераисследованыфрагментыумываниядевушки-богатыркиизгероическогоэпоса Очы-бала (А.Г.Калкина)вмолочномморе.МифопоэтическуюсторонуисследуемыхпроизведенийД.Каинчинаяркопредставляетархетипичностьпредставленных образовимотивов,обогащениефабулысюжетаэтно-психологическимтолкованием.РекаКатуньвповестиД.Каинчинаподобнамистическойосиземли,мировомудереву,мировойгореи представлена,какиумногихнародов,вженскомобразесовсемипротиворечиями:возможностьюрождатьизабиратьжизнь(отмечаетсядуальныйхарактерреки).ДляалтайскойлитературыновымявляетсявыявлениевпрозеД.Каинчинамотивов мятущейсядуши , страдания и свободы людей,жизнькоторыхзабираетрека,какконцепциидвоемирия.ВроманеК.ТелесоваобразКатунипредставленметафорическииолицетворяетбурныйпериодисторическогопутиалтайцевстроительствасоциализма.Катунькаксимволнароднойжизниассоциируетсяполноводьемвесеннейреки.Впроизведенияхназванныхавторовмотиврекивыступаеттакже,каксимвол деленияпространства.
Сrops of perennial grasses on alases of Lena-Amga river border and their influence on the number of gray voles
Authors: ПРОКОПЬЕВ Н.П.
Published: June 2022

Приводятся результаты исследования изменении численности серых полевок в термокарстовых аласах с посевами многолетних трав длительного пользования и на аласах с естественной растительностью, расположенных в северо-восточной части Лено-Амгинского междуречья. На верхнем гидротермическом поясе аласа с недостаточным увлажнением и в среднем поясе с оптимальным увлажнением среди мышевидных грызунов доминирует сухолюбимый вид microtus gregalis Pallas (1778), а в нижнем поясе с избыточным увлажнением влаголюбимый вид microtus oeconomus Pallas (1778). С целью улучшения кормовой базы сельскохозяйственных животных на аласах проводятся посевы многолетних трав длительного пользования. Распашка аласных лугов на верхнем поясе с остепненной растительностью и в среднем поясе с разнотравно-злаковой растительностью приводит к резким изменениям условий обитания microtus gregalis. В результате распашки уничтожается кормовая база, разрушаются норы и гнёзда грызунов. Зверьки вынуждены совершать дальние переходы в поисках корма, убежищ, становясь жертвой наземных и пернатых хищников. Избыточное увлажнение нижнего гидротермического пояса аласа с осоково-болотной растительностью не позволяет проводить подобные работы, в результате которых излюбленные местообитания microtus oeconomus остаются не тронутыми антропогенными нарушениями. Проводимые мелиоративные работы: орошение аласных лугов, обводнение остаточных озер с помощью насосных станций и внесение азотных удобрений, в целом, улучшают состояние посевов многолетних трав верхнем и среднем поясах аласа. Повышается урожайность осоково-болотной растительности и в нижнем гидротермическом поясе аласа. По мере развития посевов многолетних трав улучшаются кормовые и защитные условия существования серых полевок. Численность microtus gregalis и microtus oeconomus резко увеличивается. В последующие периоды урожайность многолетних травянистых растений напрямую зависит от количества выпадающих летних осадков. Это влияет на состояние численности полевок. Так, при обильных летних осадках биомасса кормовых растений увеличивается, что благоприятно воздействует на условия обитания сухолюбивого вида microtus gregalis. В то же время однолетнее избыточное количество летних осадков не влияет на численность влаголюбивого вида microtus oeconomus. Только следующие один за другим влажные годы приводят к повсеместному подъему численности этой полевки. В этот период на исследованных аласах ритм движения численности серых полевок зависит от биомассы и питательной ценности кормовых трав, так же как, и на аласах с естественной растительностью.
An overview of the Poaceae Branh. family in the Herbarium collection of the North-Eastern Federal University
Authors: ЕГОРОВА Н.Н. , СЛЕПЦОВА А.П. , ЕФИМОВА М.И.
Published: June 2022

Аннотация. В работе представлен систематический обзор семейства Poaceae Branh. в коллекции гербария Северо-Восточного федерального университета (СВФУ). Всего в научном фондегербария насчитывается 682 образца из семейства Poaceae. Представлены сборы с 1953 г.Наибольшее количество сборов приходится на 1955–1980 гг. Основными коллекторами являютсяС. З. Скрябин, А. А. Пермякова, Ю. В. Рыкова, Т. Ф. Галактионова, В. И. Перфильева, В. М. Усанова. В коллекции гербария СВФУ представлено 123 вида из 36 родов семейства Poaceae, из которых 6 видов относятся к редким и эндемичным видам: Koeleria sckrjabinii Karav. et Tzvel., Elytrigia villosa (Drob.) Tzvel., Festuca pseudosulcata Drob., Helictotrichon krylovii (Pavl.) Henrard, Hyalopoa lanatiflora (Roshev.) Tzvel., Melica nutans L. Проведены инвентаризация, систематизация,оцифровка многолетнего материала для создания электронной базы данных цифрового гербария СВФУ. Также для цифрового гербария подготовлены морфологические описания, информация об особенностях экологии и распространении видов, перечень научных трудов исследователей по изучению их биоморфологии, онтогенеза и структуры ценопопуляций в Республике Саха (Якутия). Подготовлены авторские фотографии растений в природе, фотографии таксономическизначимых морфологических признаков видов. Цифровой гербарий СВФУ обеспечит свободный и быстрый доступ к коллекции растений не только для студентов и сотрудников университета,но и для всех желающих ознакомиться с хранящимися гербарными образцами. В дальнейшем планируется заполнение базы данных по всем сборам научного гербария.
Nanomechanics and morphology of simulated respiratory particles
Authors: Groth Robert , Niazi Sadegh , Johnson Graham , Ristovski Zoran
Published: June 2022

The impact of respiratory particle composition on the equilibrium morphology and phase are not well understood. Furthermore, the effects of these different phases and morphologies on the viability of viruses embedded within these particles are equally unknown. Physiologically relevant respiratory fluid analogues were constructed, and their hygroscopic behavior were measured using an ensemble technique. A relationship between hygroscopicity and protein concentration was determined, providing additional validation to the high protein content of respiratory aerosol measured in prior works (>90%). It was found that the salt component of the respiratory particles could crystallize as a single crystal, multiple crystals, or would not crystallize at all. It was found that dried protein particles at indoor-relevant climatic conditions could exist separately in a glassy (~77% of particles) or viscoelastic state (~23% of particles). The phase state and morphology of respiratory particles may influence the viability of embedded pathogens. We recommend that pathogen research aiming to mimic the native composition of respiratory fluid should use a protein concentration of at least 90% by solute volume to improve the representativity of the pathogen’s microenvironment.
Disassembly Mechanisms and Energetics of Polymetallic Rings and Rotaxanes with Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Geue Niklas , Bennett Tom S. , Arama Alexandra A. , Ramakers Lennart A.I. , Whitehead George F.S. , Timco Grigore A. , Armentrout Peter B. , McInnes Eric J.L. , Burton Neil A. , Winpenny Richard E.P. , Barran Perdita E.
Published: June 2022

Understanding the fundamental reactivity of polymetallic complexes is challenging due to the complexity of their structures with many possible bond breaking and forming processes. Here we apply ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS) coupled with density functional theory (DFT) to investigate the disassembly mechanisms and energetics of a family of heterometallic rings and rotaxanes with the general formula [NH2RR’][Cr7MF8(O2CtBu)16] with M = MnII, FeII, CoII, NiII, CuII, ZnII, CdII. Our results show that their stability can be tuned both by altering the d-metal composition in the macrocycle and by the end groups of the secondary ammonium cation [NH2RR’]+. Ion mobility probes the conformational landscape of the disassembly process from intact complex to structurally distinct isobaric fragments, providing unique insights to how a given divalent metal tunes the structural dynamics.
Programmed ripening of nanoparticles using a DNA template
Authors: Luo Xin , Zhu Jun , Rizzuto Felix , Lennox R. Bruce , Sleiman Hanadi
Published: June 2022

Nanoparticle (NP) ripening is a process where energetically favored larger particles grow at the expense of smaller ones: while important in NP synthesis, it is often difficult to control during NP applications. Here, we unveil a new Contact-dependent, Localized Galvanic Ripening (CLGR) mechanism that enables precise control of NP ripening in solution. As neighboring silver NPs on a DNA origami template grow homogeneously to the point of making contact, the subtle size-dependent electrochemical potential differences of the NPs promote one silver shell to erode and redeposit locally onto the adjacent NP, leading to asymmetric structures. The unique on/off control through NP contact in CLGR presents a strategy to program the erosion and growth of specific NPs in a construct, which we exploit to synthesize customized heterogeneous core-shell NP structures with pre-designed plasmonic properties. CLGR is an essential phenomenon to consider for future nanodevice and nanophotonics designs.
A computational tool to accurately and quickly predict 19F NMR chemical shifts of molecules with fluorine-carbon and fluorine-boron bonds
Authors: Dumon Alexandre , Rzepa Henry , Alamillo-Ferrer Carla , Bures Jordi , Procter Richard , Sheppard Tom , Whiting Andrew
Published: June 2022

We report the evaluation of density-functional-theory (DFT) based procedures for predicting 19F NMR chemical shifts at modest computational cost for a range of molecules with fluorine bonds, to be used as a tool for assisting the characterisation of reaction intermediates and products and as an aid to identifying mechanistic pathways. The results for a balanced learning set of molecules were then checked using two further testing sets, resulting in the recommendation of the ωB97XD/aug-cc-pvdz DFT method and basis set as having the best combination of accuracy and computational time, with a RMS error of 3.57 ppm. Cationic molecules calculated without counter-anion showed normal errors, whilst anionic molecules showed larger errors, possibly due to omission of the counter-cation. The method was applied to the prediction of the conformationally averaged 19F chemical shifts of 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoropentan-1-ol, in which gauche stereoelectronic effects involving fluorine dominate and to determining the position of coordination equilibria of fluorinated boranes as an aid to verifying the relative energies of intermediate species involved in catalytic amidation reactions involving boron catalysts.
Active site assembly of [NiFe]-hydrogenase scrutinized on the basis of purified maturation intermediates
Authors: Caserta Giorgio , Hartmann Sven , van Stappen Casey , Karafoulidi Retsou Chara , Lorent Christian , Yelin Stefan , Keck Matthias , Schoknecht Janna , Sergueev Ilya , Yoda Yoshitaka , Hildebrandt Peter , Limberg Christian , DeBeer Serena , Zebger Ingo , Frielingsdorf Stefan , Lenz Oliver
Published: June 2022

[NiFe]-hydrogenases are biotechnologically relevant enzymes catalyzing the reversible splitting of H2 into 2 e– and 2 H+ under ambient conditions. Catalysis takes place at the heterobimetallic NiFe(CN)2(CO) center, whose multistep biosynthesis involves careful handling of two transition metals as well as potentially harmful CO and CN– molecules. Herein, we investigated the sequential assembly of the [NiFe]-cofactor, previously based on primarily indirect evidence, using four different purified maturation intermediates of the catalytic subunit, HoxG, of the O2-tolerant membrane-bound hydrogenase from Cupriavidus necator. These included the cofactor-free apo-HoxG, a nickel-free version carrying only the Fe(CN)2(CO) fragment, a precursor that contained all cofactor components but remained redox-inactive, and the fully mature HoxG. Through biochemical analyses combined with comprehensive spectroscopic investigation using infrared, electronic paramagnetic resonance, Mössbauer, X-ray absorption, and nuclear resonance vibrational spectroscopies, we obtained detailed insight into the sophisticated maturation process of [NiFe]-hydrogenase.
Recent Advancement in Palladium Catalysed C-C bond Activation of Strained Ring Systems: Three and four-membered carbocycles as prominent C3/C4 building blocks
Authors: Nanda Tanmayee , Fastheem Muhammed , Linda Astha , Pati Bedadyuti Vedvyas , Banjare Shyam Kumar , Biswal Pragati , Ravikumar Ponneri C.
Published: June 2022

In recent years, transition metal catalysed strong C-C bond activation has significantly attracted the attention of synthetic chemists. This enables simultaneous and direct functionalization of two different M-C bonds. Among different types of C-C bond activation strategies, strain-driven C-C bond activation has resulted in a variety of transformations, which is otherwise impossible. In this context, palladium catalyst has been extensively used and studied due to its robust nature in terms of its reactivity and selectivity. Herein, we have provided a brief discussion about palladium catalysed C-C bond activation of three and four-membered cycloalkane derivatives.
Thermal and Light Induced Infrared Blackening of ZnO Revisited: Overcoming the Language Border and Rediscovery of Fundamental Scientific Knowledge
Authors: Naliwajko Pawel , Peppel Tim , Strunk Jennifer
Published: June 2022

A comprehensive and reliable view on the influence of UV light and heat on optical properties of ZnO shall be outlined mainly based on research conducted by scientists from Warsaw Pact countries throughout the 20th century. The problems of language barrier and loss of knowledge are being addressed. An insight into processes of photodesorption and photoadsorption of oxygen and other gas phase molecules leading to changes in charge carrier states is outlined. While desorption of surface adsorbates leads to increased number of conduction electrons and thus increased absorbance of infrared light, adsorption of electronegative gas phase molecules leads to quenching in fluorescence.
PERİTRAVMATİK STRES ENVANTERİ (PDI) TÜRKÇE GEÇERLİK VE GÜVENİRLİK ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: ERMAĞAN ÇAĞLAR Eda , SANAL ÖZCAN Yasemin , TÜRK KURTÇA Tuğba , HAMZAOĞLU Nurcan
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışmada Peritravmatik Stres Envanterinin (PDI) Türkçeye çevrilerek geçerlik ve güvenirliğinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini 18-65 yaş grubunda yer alan 377 kişi oluşturmaktadır. Ölçeğin Türkçe formunun geçerlilik ve güvenirlik analizleri travmatik olay yaşadığını belirten 224 katılımcı üzerinden, karşılaştırma analizleri ise tüm katılımcılar (377) dahil edilerek yapılmıştır. Katılımcılara, PDI Türkçe versiyonunun yanı sıra Demografik Bilgi Formu ve Olayların Etkisi Ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Yapılan analizler neticesinde ölçeğin tümü için Cronbach Alpha iç tutarlılık katsayısı .88 olarak belirlenirken olumsuz duygular alt boyutu iç tutarlılık katsayısı .84, algılanan yaşam tehdidi ve fiziksel uyarılma alt boyutu iç tutarlılık katsayısı .80 olarak saptanmıştır. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda CMIN/DF=2.54, GFI=.91, CFI=.91, SRMR=.07 ve RMSEA=.08 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Peritravmatik Stres Ölçeği ile Olayların Etkisi Ölçeği arasında orta düzeyde olumlu yönde (r=46, p<.001) ilişki bulunmuştur. Ölçeğin toplam puanı ve alt boyutları arasındaki ilişki incelendiğinde toplam ölçek puanı ile olumsuz duygular arasında r=.92, p<.001; algılanan yaşam tehdidi ve fiziksel uyarılma r=.88, p<.001 düzeyinde olumlu yönde yüksek ilişkinin olduğu görülmektedir. Ayrıca iki alt boyut olan olumsuz duygular ile algılanan yaşam tehdidi ve fiziksel uyarılma r=.62, p<.001 düzeyinde olumlu yönde orta düzeyde ilişki bulunmuştur. PDI Türkçe formunun iç tutarlılığının yüksek bulunması, açımlayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonuçlarının ölçeğin Türkçe formunun yetişkinlik dönemindeki bireyler (18-65 yaş) için geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olarak yorumlanmıştır. Veriler, ölçeğin peritravmatik stres belirtilerini değerlendirme konusundaki geçerliliğini destekleyen kanıtlar olarak belirlenmiştir.
ERK-Smurf1-RhoA signaling is critical for TGFβ-drived EMT and tumor metastasis
Authors: Zheng Jianzhong , Shi Zhiyuan , Yang Pengbo , Zhao Yue , Tang Wenbin , Ye Shaopei , Xuan Zuodong , Chen Chen , Shao Chen , Wu Qingang , Sun Huimin
Published: June 2022

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has fundamental roles in various biological processes. However, there are still questions pending in this fast-moving field. Here we report that in TGFβ-induced EMT, ERK-mediated Smurf1 phosphorylation is a prerequisite step for RhoA degradation and the consequent mesenchymal state achievement. Upon TGFβ treatment, activated ERK phosphorylates Thr223 of Smurf1, a member of HECT family E3 ligase, to promote Smurf1-mediated polyubiquitination and degradation of RhoA, thereby leading to cell skeleton rearrangement and EMT. Blockade of phosphorylation of Smurf1 inhibits TGFβ-induced EMT, and accordingly, dramatically blocks lung metastasis of murine breast cancer in mice. Hence, our study reveals an unknown role of ERK in TGFβ-induced EMT and points out a potential strategy in therapeutic intervention.
Credit Availability for Minority Business Owners in an Evolving Credit Environment: Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Barkley Brett R. , Schweitzer Mark E.
Published: June 2022

We apply data from the Federal Reserve’s Small Business Credit Survey from 2016 to 2020 to estimate disparities in access to small business financing through loan denials and discouragement. We find that substantial credit disparities continue to exist despite the growth of fintech lenders, which prior research shows have expanded the set of small businesses receiving credit. Because the pandemic period brought many direct changes to the business and lending environment, we separately analyze the change to lending in 2020. PPP loans represented an unprecedented support for small businesses, support that was not dependent on the creditworthiness of businesses, but minority-owned businesses are estimated to have received a smaller fraction of the funds they applied for from the program.
FINANCIAL RISK AND RATING INVESTMENT GRADE ALTMAN STUDY : ISSUER OF FOOD AND BEVERAGES
Authors: Ambardi Ambardi , Aminah Aam
Published: June 2022

ABSTRAKThis study was conducted to analyze the company's risk in terms of financial risk and its effect on the investment rating. While the analytical method to measure the health of a company or company in a safe condition (no risk) is to use the Altman investment grade rating model. While the financial risk used in this study is measured by the current ratio and debt to asset ratioThe formulations in this study are: How the Current Ratio (CR) affects the Investment Value Rating of food and beverage issuers, how the Debt Asset Ratio (DAR) affects the Investment Rating Rating of food and beverage issuers.This research is a descriptive research with a quantitative approach. While the population of this study is all food and beverage sub-sectors listed on the Indonesian stock exchange for the period 2016 – 2020. The sampling technique used in this study is the purposive sampling method.Testing the analysis in this study using logistic regression because the dependent variable is measured using a dummy variable. Test analysis with logistic regression was carried out as follows; First, select the Regression Model using Hosmer and Lemeshow's Goodness of Fit Test. Second, the Summary Model with R2 test on linear regression. Third, Partial Test (Hypothesis) to test the significance of the regression/partial coefficient, which is used to determine the partial effect between the independent variables and by looking at the probability of sig at a significance level of 5%.The conclusion of this study is that the variable current ratio and Debt to Asset ratio have a significant effect on Altman's investment grade rating on food and beverage issuers. Furthermore, the current ratio and debt-to-asset ratio variables can be used to assess the level of risk faced by investors in choosing safe issuers Keywords: Financial Risk, Investment Grade Rating, Food and Beverage
Peculiarities of surgical tactics in woundings and traumas of large bowel in the fighting environment
Authors: Gumeniuk K. V. , Prokhorenko G. A. , Trutyak І. R. , Sobol І. P.
Published: June 2022

Objective. To raise the efficacy of the surgical aid delivery for the wounded persons, suffering fighting trauma of large bowel, on the medical evacuation stages using the improved approaches to estimation of their state of severity, diagnostic and treatment tactics, including introduction of technology of the damage control surgery.

Materials and methods. The results of treatment in 23 patients with woundings and traumas of large bowel, who were distributed into two clinical groups - a control and the main one- were analyzed. Into the control group 8 wounded persons were included (2014 - 2018), in whom surgical tactics was applied, based on principles of standard coloproctology; and into the control one - 15 wounded persons (2016 - 2021), whose treatment was based on selective approach for the surgical tactics choice on the ІІ level of medical help. Average age of the patients have constituted 33 yrs old (20 - 45 yrs old), the damage severity in accordance to scale of the Injury Severity Score was estimated as 23 points at average. Taking into account, that severe state of the wounded persons of the main group have become intraoperatively poorer, to them a multi-staged surgical tactics of the damage control surgery was applied.

Results. Of 15 wounded persons of the main group, in whom a differentiated choice of surgical tactics was used, taking into account the state of severity degree, volume and degree of the damages severity and technology of the damage control surgery, there have become possible to save the life of 12 patients and to obtain in them good late follow-up results.

Conclusion. In wounded persons, suffering fighting trauma of large bowel, application of technology of a damage control surgery permits to prevent the life-threatening complications and to save their lives.
Information coverage of protests in the Republic of Belarus in 2020 in social media and mass media: Dynamics and patterns
Authors: Nemtsev A. V.
Published: June 2022

The article presents a socio-media analysis of protest moods in the Republic of Belarus in 2020. As part of working with a database collected through IQ Buzz, the author presented the dynamics of protest mentions in social media by main time intervals and cities of the country, the rating of the most popular words, and also showed the role of external forces in influencing the protest moods of Belarusian citizens. The results obtained allow us to consider the process of organizing mass protests through media tools as a technology with its own patterns and features.
iran’s strategy in the struggle of regional and trans-regional powers for leadership in the regions of the Caspian sea and the Persian gulf
Authors: Haghbin M.
Published: June 2022

This article presents the causes and consequences of the involvement of trans-regional and non-regional states within the processes of the Caspian region and the Persian Gulf as the main part of the strategic energy ellipse put forward by Jeffrey Camp. The author presented his vision for the future of the region, taking into account the coming to power of a conservative president in Iran, disappointed in the lifting of US sanctions within the negotiations on the nuclear deal. Consequently, the orientation of the Iranian state to the East is strengthening; relations with Russia, China and neighboring countries are expanding.
Contemporary interpretation of political radicalism in civil activity
Authors: Parma R. V.
Published: June 2022

The article presents an overview of modern studies of political radicalism in the context of civic activism. The author considers models of radicalization expressed in the opinions and actions of citizens. He singled out the main directions of political radicalism and marked the demarcations with other ideological currents. The author sees the process of political radicalization as a multifactorial process of fundamental changes in society, which are figured out by the historical context, urgent socio-economic problems, and emerging challenges. The expansion of the influence of digital communications, which formed an initially uncontrolled by the state online space for the interaction of citizens and the distribution of content, facilitated the political radicalization of society. The author sees the prospects for the study of political radicalism in the study of cognitive motivation of actions, the relationship between behavioral attitudes, intentions and actions, the conversion of moods from online to offline spaces.
Elias Canettis Memoiren aus Sicht des Literaturdiskurses: Kommunikative Strategien und Diskurspraktiken
Authors: Kovalova Yaroslava
Published: June 2022

Der vorliegende Beitrag soll ein Versuch sein, den dokumentarisch-literarischen Text aus der Sicht des Literaturdiskurses zu erhellen, indem asthetisches Subjekt im Fokus der Diskurspraktiken dargestellt wird. Die Diskursanalyse der Elias Canettis Memoiren soll kommunikative Strategien der Autorinstanz aufdecken, die den Aufschluss daruber geben, dass die Originalitat der Autorenversion des Weltbildes auf der Idee des immer offenen Lebensraums und der fruchtbaren Wechselbeziehungen vielfaltiger kultureller Erscheinungen beruht, was die Logik der Entstehung des Ich-Erzahlers bestimmt.
Agri-food import substitution through the prism of agricultural sustainability
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Golubev A.V.
Published: June 2022

The difficult geopolitical situation has exacerbated the problem of agri-food import substitution, in which Russia has made obvious progress in recent years. However, the increasing volumes of agricultural production do not mean further dynamics of the industry development. On the contrary, a number of fundamental growth factors in some cases do not provide even simple reproduction. Thus, the natural fertility of the soil has been steadily declining over the past decades, the material and technical base of agriculture is not updated in sufficient volume, the wages of farmers are significantly lower than the average level in the economy, many enterprises of the industry are credited, the disparity of prices for agricultural and industrial products is increasing. These contradictions between the growth of output and the reproductive abilities of the agricultural sector of the economy cannot last forever. Therefore, a transition to sustainable agricultural development is necessary, assuming that the current needs of society are met without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs. To do this, Russia has key capabilities that allow the conversion of available energy resources into food production on a planetary scale, which, in addition to the source of economic prosperity, strengthens the geopolitical influence of our country.
An Expedite Method to Predict the Shear Strength of Unsaturated Soils
Authors: Vilar Orencio M.
Published: June 2022

An expedite method to predict the shear strength of unsaturated soils is proposed and tested against many soils of different origins and subjected to different test types. The method uses an empirical hyperbolic function that has been successfully used to fit experimental data. The parameters of this function are obtained considering effective shear strength parameters from saturated soil and from test results of air dried samples tested without the need of suction control. Air dried samples can be, alternatively, replaced by test results of samples tested at suction larger than the maximum suction expected in the problem under analysis. The good agreement between the estimate functions and the experimental data shown by both alternatives makes them promising and reliable to estimate unsaturated shear strength parameters for preliminary purposes.
Contribución de la priorización curricular de Educación Física y Salud en la formación académica de los estudiantes
Authors: Medel-Tapia Claudio , Cervela-Molina Daniel , Navarrete-Veldebenito Álvaro , Miranda Marco , Castillo-Retamal Franklin
Published: June 2022

Los procesos educativos han sufrido muchos cambios debido a la pandemia de Covid-19 intentando mantener la continuidad de los mismos a través de clases virtuales, para facilitar esta labor, el Ministerio de Educación de Chile establece la Priorización Curricular que tiene como propósito responder a las diversas dificultades y problemas del ámbito educativo que emergen debido a la paralización de las clases presenciales causado por la crisis sanitaria. El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer si la priorización curricular en Educación Física y Salud es una contribución para la formación académica de los estudiantes, para ello, se utilizó una metodología con enfoque cuantitativo, no experimental, a través de la cual se recogió información que permitió conocer la percepción de los profesores en ejercicio. Los resultados indican que su principal contribución es en el ámbito conceptual, sin embargo, presenta carencias en cuanto a algunos aspectos relevantes para un buen desarrollo del aprendizaje. Se concluye que esta organización de objetivos ha sido medianamente bien recibida por los profesores, aunque representa en su aplicación una contribución al proceso formativo.
Analysis of Factors Affecting Rice Farming Production in Ulu Ogan District, OKU District
Authors: Sari Candra , Sari Yunita , Sari Fifian Permata
Published: June 2022

Ogan Komering Ulu Regency is a district that has great potential for agricultural businesses, especially rice farming. For rice production in South Sumatra Province, Ogan Komering Ulu district in 2020 occupies the 12th position out of 17 districts/cities, with a total production of 16,807.12 tons of dry milled grain (kg). Ogan Komering Ulu Regency has 13 sub-districts which are rice-producing areas. The Ogan Komering Ulu Regency Government continues to strive to increase the production and productivity of rice commodities in its area. The increase in rice production in Ogan Komering Ulu Regency is not only to meet regional needs but is expected to contribute to increasing national rice production.  In 2020 the highest total rice harvested area in Ogan Komering Ulu Regency is in Ulu Ogan District, which is 1,690 ha, with dry milled grain production (kg) of 9,464 tons. So that it can be said, Ulu Ogan District is a food barn for Ogan Komering Ulu Regency. Rice production is the amount of rice obtained at the time of post-harvest. Yield will be affected by land area, fertilizer, and labor. This rise and fall in production results can be caused by several factors that are not precise enough so the production of lowland rice is not optimal. Therefore, there is a need for further analysis related to the factors that influence the production of lowland rice farming in Ulu Ogan District, Ogan Komering Ulu Regency. This study aimed to analyze the factors that influence the production of lowland rice in Ulu Ogan District, Ogan Komering Ulu Regency. This research was conducted in Ulu Ogan District, Ogan Komering Ulu Regency. Sampling in this study was done by a simple random sampling method with 65 farmers as respondents. The variables measured in this study were land area, urea fertilizer, labor, number of seeds, and pesticides. The production model used is the Cobb-Douglas model regression analysis. To see the effect of each production factor on the resulting production using multiple linear regression analysis simultaneously the variables of land area, urea fertilizer, labor, number of seeds, and pesticides affect rice production in Ulu Ogan District, Ogan Komering Ulu Regency.  Individually the variables of land area and number of seeds have a significant effect on rice production factors.
Corporate Governance and Financial Performance Relation: An Application On Companies in the Borsa İstanbul Corporate Governance Index
Authors: KURT Ahmet , ELAGÖZ İsmail
Published: June 2022

Son yıllarda ortaya çıkan finansal skandallar, kurumsal yönetim kavramını ön plana çıkarırken kurumsal yönetim ile finansal performans ilişkisinin araştırılmasını da gerekli kılmıştır. Kurumsal yönetim ilkeleri derecelendirme notları
ile finansal performans arasındaki ilişkinin incelendiği çalışmada, (2013Q1-2017Q4) periyodunda Borsa İstanbul Kurumsal Yönetim Endeksi’nde aralıksız olarak işlem görüp, imalat sanayi sektöründe faaliyet gösteren 15 şirket ele
alınmıştır. Çalışmanın bağımsız değişkeni konumundaki kurumsal yönetim, derecelendirme kuruluşlarının şirketlere verdiği pay sahipleri, kamuyu aydınlatma ve şeffaflık, menfaat sahipleri, yönetim kurulu ilkeleri puanları ve toplam
puan ile; bağımlı değişken olan finansal performans ise özkaynak karlılığı, aktif karlılığı, Tobin Q oranı ve piyasa değeri/defter değeri ile temsil edilmiştir. Ayrıca analize, kontrol değişkenleri olarak firma büyüklüğü ve finansal
kaldıraç oranları eklenmiştir. Panel veri analizi yönteminin kullanıldığı çalışmada öncelikle paneli oluşturan seriler arasında yatay kesit bağımlılığının varlığı Breusch Pagan (1980) LM Testi kullanılarak analiz edilmiş ve paneli
oluşturan tüm seriler arasında yatay kesit bağımlılığı tespit edilmiştir. Ardından serilere ikinci nesil panel birim kök testlerinden Pesaran (2007) CADF testi uygulanmış; firma büyüklüğü ve kaldıraç oranı değişkenlerinin düzeyde
durağan I(0), Tobin Q, piyasa değeri/defter değeri, özkaynak karlılığı, aktif karlılığı, pay sahipleri, şeffaflık, menfaat sahipleri, yönetim kurulu, toplam puan değişkenlerinin ise bir farkta durağan I(1) olduğu görülmüştür. Son
aşamada ise seriler arasında eşbütünleşme ilişkisinin varlığı Westerlund (2007) panel eşbütünleşme testi ile incelenmiş, finansal performansın göstergesi olan tüm değişkenler (özkaynak karlılığı, aktif karlılığı, Tobin Q oranı,
piyasa değeri/defter değeri) ile diğer tüm bağımsız ve kontrol değişkenleri (pay sahipleri, şeffaflık, menfaat sahipleri, yönetim kurulu, toplam puan, firma büyüklüğü, kaldıraç oranı) arasında eşbütünleşme ilişkisinin olduğu saptanmıştır.
General Approach To The Concept Of Managers' Assurance Within The Scope Of Union Assurances On The Basis Of Law No. 6356
Authors: EREN Mehmet Emre
Published: June 2022

6356 sayılı Kanun, iş hayatında Sendikalar ve Toplu İş Sözleşmesi Kanunu olarak yürürlükte olup, 18.10.2012’de kabul edilmiştir. 6356 sayılı Sendikalar ve Toplu İş Sözleşmesi Kanunu, işçinin sendikal güvenceleri açısından önemli değişiklikler
ve yenilikler içermektedir. Bunlardan biri de sendika ve işçi kuruluşları yöneticilerine sağlanan sendikal güvencelere dairdir. Sendikal faaliyetleri ve profesyonel yöneticiliği özendirmek ve böylelikle sendika yöneticiliğine rağbeti
arttırmak amacıyla düzenleme yapılmıştır. Kanun ile sağlanmış olan güvencelerin, yöneticiyle sendika arasında var olan ilişki ile bahse konu ilişkinin hukuki niteliğiyle herhangi bir alakası bulunmamaktadır. Kanun’un ilgi düzenlemesinde
profesyonel yönetici olması hasebiyle işinden ayrılan yöneticiye, iş sözleşmesinin askıya alınması dışında bir olanak daha tanınmıştır. Bu olanak olağanüstü fesihtir ve yöneticilik nedeniyle görevini bırakan işçi bu durumda kıdem
hakkına sahip olacaktır. Bu çalışmada 6356 sayılı Sendikalar ve Toplu İş Sözleşmesi Kanunu’nun işçi kuruluşu yöneticisine ilişkin güvencelere dair düzenlemeler içeren ve 23. maddesinde yer alan işçi kuruluşu yöneticisinin güvencesi,
24. maddede işyerinin sendika temsilcilerinin güvencesi ve 25. maddede yer alan sendika özgürlüğüne dair güvence konuları ele alınmaktadır.