bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Primary isolated skull base eosinophilic granuloma confined to the anterior clinoid process: illustrative case
Authors: Pour-Rashidi Ahmad , Asem Payam , Abbasioun Kazem , Amirjamshidi Abbas
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

Solitary eosinophilic granuloma (EG) occurs anecdotally in the skull base region, and it has been described in only three previous publications. The authors report the first case of EG of the anterior clinoid process (ACP), which was confined to the ACP and presented with decreased vision.

OBSERVATIONS

A 38-year-old woman presented with decreased vision of the left eye of 5 months’ duration. Her visual acuity was 3/10, other neurological examinations were intact, and there were no other osseous or soft tissue lesions. The lesion was excised using a left-sided craniotomy and transdural clinoidectomy, decompressing the optic nerve both intra- and extradurally. The lesion was characteristic for EG, and no recurrence was detected after 2 years.

LESSONS

EG can be confined to the ACP and impair vision. Imaging studies are sensitive but not specific, and surgical decompression is both diagnostic and treatment oriented. Close observation and even adjuvant therapy may be indicated in similar cases.
Metastatic primary brain rhabdomyosarcoma in a pediatric patient: illustrative case
Authors: Mondragón-Soto Michel Gustavo , Del Valle Luis , González-Soto José Alfredo , De Leo-Vargas Roberto Alfonso
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

Primary intracranial rhabdomyosarcoma is an extraordinarily rare malignant tumor, with even fewer presenting with distant metastasis. To date, only five cases, including the one presented here, have been reported to present metastatic activity.

OBSERVATIONS

A 12-year-old boy presented with a few days of headache, nausea, vomiting, but no neurological deficit. Brain computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated hydrocephalus and a cystic lesion with left parieto-occipital extension. After resection, pathology reported primary rhabdomyosarcoma, with positive desmin and myogenin on immunohistochemistry. The patient presented with pulmonary metastasis. The patient had an overall survival of 21 months after diagnosis with optimal treatment.

LESSONS

Rhabdomyosarcoma is a malignant neoplasm arising from undifferentiated skeletal muscle cells, with morphological, immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, or molecular genetic evidence of primary skeletal muscle differentiation. It presents with a rapidly worsening clinical course and the final outcome is poor. Treatment is widely based on protocols that have been proven to be effective in extracranial versions of these tumors, although repeatedly ineffective. Primary brain rhabdomyosarcoma poses a diagnostic challenge because of its infrequent presentation, grade of undifferentiation and tumor heterogeneity. Immunohistochemical and genetic testing have proven to be useful tools for diagnosis.
Relationship between subarachnoid hemorrhage and nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia as a fatal complication: patient series
Authors: Koizumi Hiroyuki , Yamamoto Daisuke , Maruhashi Takaaki , Kataoka Yuichi , Inukai Madoka , Asari Yasushi , Kumabe Toshihiro
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

Nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI) causes intestinal necrosis due to irreversible ischemia of the intestinal tract. The authors evaluated the incidence of NOMI in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) due to ruptured aneurysms, and they present the clinical characteristics and describe the outcomes to emphasize the importance of recognizing NOMI.

OBSERVATIONS

Overall, 7 of 276 consecutive patients with SAH developed NOMI. Their average age was 71 years, and 5 patients were men. Hunt and Kosnik grades were as follows: grade II, 2 patients; grade III, 3 patients; grade IV, 1 patient; and grade V, 1 patient. Fisher grades were as follows: grade 1, 1 patient; grade 2, 1 patient; and grade 3, 5 patients. Three patients were treated with endovascular coiling, 3 with microsurgical clipping, and 1 with conservative management. Five patients had abdominal symptoms prior to the confirmed diagnosis of NOMI. Four patients fell into shock. Two patients required emergent laparotomy followed by second-look surgery. Four patients could be managed conservatively. The overall mortality of patients with NOMI complication was 29% (2 of 7 cases).

LESSONS

NOMI had a high mortality rate. Neurosurgeons should recognize that NOMI can occur as a fatal complication after SAH.
Intra-abdominal hemorrhage due to segmental arterial mediolysis of an ovarian artery pseudoaneurysm and concomitant aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: illustrative case
Authors: Tao Yoshifumi , Matsubara Shunji , Yagi Kenji , Kinoshita Keita , Fukunaga Takeshi , Yamamoto Akira , Uno Masaaki
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is one of the most severe neurosurgical diseases in which systemic management is important from the acute phase to the chronic phase. The authors reported a case of aneurysmal SAH associated with intra-abdominal hemorrhage possibly caused by segmental arterial mediolysis (SAM).

OBSERVATIONS

A 60-year-old woman collapsed suddenly at home. On arrival at our hospital, she was comatose and her head computed tomography (CT) showed SAH, probably from an anterior cerebral artery aneurysm. Simultaneous body CT to screen for pneumonia associated with COVID-19 incidentally detected an intra-abdominal hematoma and the bleeding point. Emergent ventriculostomy was conducted first. Because abdominal angiography detected a ruptured pseudoaneurysm of an ovarian artery, emergency embolization was subsequently performed for hemostasis. However, she deteriorated again, and her pupils became fully dilated. The patient died on day 3 of hospitalization.

LESSONS

Patients with aneurysmal SAH rarely have intra-abdominal hemorrhage in the acute stage and may have a fatal outcome. Intra-abdominal hemorrhage should be suspected in the setting of unstable vital signs, and prompt treatment is necessary.
Endoscope-integrated indocyanine green video angiography and the detection of the fragile periventricular collaterals associated with moyamoya disease: illustrative cases
Authors: Koizumi Hiroyuki , Hide Takuichiro , Yamamoto Daisuke , Hyakutake Yuri , Handa Hajime , Komai Hideto , Asari Yasushi , Kumabe Toshihiro
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

Hemorrhagic moyamoya disease (MMD) and the fragile periventricular collaterals are known to have a causal relationship. Digital subtraction angiography and magnetic resonance angiography have shown the presence of fragile periventricular moyamoya vessels. However, dynamic fragile periventricular moyamoya vessels have never been observed under direct vision.

OBSERVATIONS

The authors treated two patients with hemorrhagic MMD: a 42-year-old man with intraventricular hemorrhage and a 47-year-old woman with intracerebral hemorrhage. Endoscope-integrated indocyanine green video angiography (EICG angiography) could visualize the dynamic fragile periventricular collaterals. In particular, EICG angiography enabled visualization of invisible moyamoya vessels buried in the subependyma and characterization of the blood flow in the moyamoya vessels located inside the lateral ventricles and hematoma cavity.

LESSONS

EICG angiography can confirm the fragile periventricular collaterals associated with MMD by direct visualization. The high spatial resolution and real-time imaging can help to avoid accidental hemorrhage in and after evacuation of hemorrhage in patients with MMD.
Cerebral abscess as a neurosurgical emergency in Eisenmenger syndrome: illustrative case
Authors: Datta Debajyoti , Sekar Arunkumar
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

Eisenmenger syndrome caused by severe pulmonary arterial hypertension in congenital heart disease can cause multisystemic involvement and is a risk factor for development of cerebral abscess. Cerebral abscess, if not detected and treated in a timely manner, can present as acute neurosurgical emergency.

OBSERVATIONS

The authors reported a case of cerebral abscess in a patient with Eisenmenger syndrome. The patient presented with acute neurological deterioration with mass effect and cerebral infarcts and received emergency neurosurgical intervention. A further literature search was done to identify prior reported cases of cerebral abscess with Eisenmenger syndrome.

LESSONS

Patients with Eisenmenger syndrome have compromised cardiorespiratory status, and decision for neurosurgical intervention should be given careful consideration. Multidisciplinary team management along with preoperative optimization of the patient should be used.
Non-strabismic Binocular Vision Dysfunction among the Medical Students of a Teaching Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Shrestha Pooja , Kaiti Raju
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Non-strabismic binocular vision dysfunctions are visual disorders that affect the person’s binocular vision and visual outcome while performing near tasks and are very common among medical students. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of non-strabismic binocular vision dysfunction among the medical students of a teaching hospital.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students of a teaching hospital from 25 April 2022 to 25 May 2022. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee of the same institute (Reference number: 139/17). A detailed ocular evaluation including history, visual acuity, refraction, and detailed orthoptic evaluation was done. Convenience sampling was done. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated.
Results: Out of 284 students, 79 (27.81%) (22.60-33.02, 95% Confidence Interval) had non-strabismic binocular vision dysfunctions. Convergence insufficiency was the commonest one seen in 38 (48.10%), followed by divergence excess seen in 8 (10.12%) and convergence excess seen in 8 (10.12%) students.
Conclusions: The prevalence of non-strabismic binocular vision dysfunction among medical students was lower than in other studies conducted in similar settings.
Preoperative Anxiety among Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Lakhe Gajal , Shrestha Binod Bade , Subedi Anil
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Preoperative anxiety is universal in patients before surgery. It is mostly unaddressed by health professionals due to a lack of time. The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of preoperative anxiety among patients undergoing elective surgery in a tertiary care centre.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 385 surgical patients in the Department of Anaesthesia, from 27 November 2021 to 20 April 2022 in a tertiary care hospital posted for elective surgery. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: MEMG/481/IRC). A convenience sampling was used. The level of anxiety and need for information was assessed using the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale questionnaire in a preoperative holding area. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated.
Results: Out of 385 patients posted for elective surgery, preoperative anxiety was present in 88 (22.85%) (18.66-27.04, 95% Confidence Interval) patients. The mean Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale score for total anxiety and need for information was 13.59±2.47 and 5.91±3.06 respectively. Anxiety was present in 60 (68.18%) females, 45 (51.13%) young patients aged <30 years and 50 (56.81%) patients without prior experience with surgery and anaesthesia.
Conclusions: The prevalence of preoperative anxiety among surgical patients was lower than in previous studies done in similar settings. Preoperative anxiety was common in females, young patients and patients without previous experience with anaesthesia and surgery.
Using Online Podcast as a Speaking Activity in Online Classroom
Authors: Nova Muhamad
Published: August 2022

In digital era, English educators are required to improve the quality of the learning instruction by integrating technology in learning process. Yet, challenges occur in integrating technology in speaking activity. The aim of the current study was to seek for students’ perspectives on using online podcast as a speaking activity in online classroom. The study used qualitative approach with the total of 47 English for Specific Purpose students coming from Tourism Management program participated in the study. The data were gathered through questionnaire distribution and interview and analyzed through three stages, including data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The result showed that most of the students perceived the online podcast as a positive activity for their speaking skill. Majority of the students admitted the use of online podcast in online classroom motivates them to practice their speaking, enhance their creativity, and improve their public speaking skill.
Polymerization of D,L-lactide in the presence of Boltorn™ polyester polyol
Authors: Gomzyak V. I. , Bychkov N. V. , Aduev A. S. , Ivanova V. A. , Koshelev A. D. , Chvalun S. N.
Published: August 2022

Objects. To synthesize monodisperse biodegradable hyperbranched polymers based on D,L-lactide in the presence of Boltorn™ H30 polyester polyol as a macroinitiator.

Methods. 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used to study the chemical structure of the Boltorn™ H30 polyester polyol and (Boltorn™ H30)-PDLA hyperbranched copolymers. The molecular weight distribution of the polymers was studied by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). In order to study the thermal stability of Boltorn™ H30 polyester polyol, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used. Polymerization of D,L-lactide was carried out in a block in the presence of Boltorn™ H30 polyester polyol.

Results. The degree of branching of Boltorn™ H30 polyester polyol was calculated from NMR data, while the TGA method was used to determine the upper operational temperature range. The polymerization of D,L-lactide in the presence of Boltorn™ H30 polyester polyol used as a macroinitiator was studied. The molecular weight characteristics of the obtained copolymers were studied by NMR and GPC.

Conclusions. Optimum conditions were determined for the polymerization of D,L-lactide when using Boltorn™ H30 polyester polyol as a macroinitiator. The possibility of synthesizing narrowly dispersed hyperbranched polymers (Boltorn™ H30)-PDLA under the described conditions was demonstrated.
Designing modules of system dynamics in decision support systems
Authors: Sorokin A. B. , Zheleznyak L. M. , Suprunenko D. V. , Kholmogorov V. V.
Published: August 2022

Objectives. When creating models of system dynamics, the basic construct at the design stage is the representation of the process under study in terms of a causal relationship consisting of a positive feedback loop and a negative feedback loop. The construction of a model of a dynamic environment can experience a number of difficulties in using feedback. This work shows the possibility of designing modules of system dynamics for decision-making systems based on the situational-activity approach. The study proposes the gap in knowledge about models of system dynamics to be filled with a conceptual model of an act of activity, by means of which an expert system can be implemented based on production rules. In this context, conceptual models are applied to human reasoning with reference to certain types of activity. The objective of the study was to investigate the possibility of applying the situational-active approach to designing models of system dynamics of infectious diseases based on particular representations of the conceptual structure of the act of activity.

Methods. By synthesizing Bolotova's situational algorithm and Shchedrovitskiy's system-activity approach, the conceptual structure of the act of activity is presented as a methodology of the situational-activity approach. The analysis of this structure leads to the construction of a plan of processual structure and a plan of analytical relationships. The article proposed a hypothesis that the process representations describe the notation of flows and levels, and the analytical relationships implement differential equations. In order to prove this hypothesis, the subject area of infectious diseases was investigated.

Results. Based on the set of these plans, a graphic image was synthesized for constructing models of system dynamics, which is identical to the diagram of flows and levels of development of the SIR process. However, the problem of constructing conceptual structures is nontrivial, complex, and laborious. Therefore, the Designer-Solver-Interpreter software suite was implemented. The software tools enable a visualization of the conceptual structures and implementation of the knowledge bases for expert models of system dynamics. It also tests the completeness and viability of the model.

Conclusions. To date, there is no single conceptual structure for designing expert systems and situational and simulation dynamic models. The proposed method and software tools allow these problems to be resolved using the situational-activity method. Various types of dynamics in expert systems interact, thus confirming the reliability of knowledge in the models of system dynamics. The conceptual structures of the act of activity are the core part of designing expert systems, while he derivative process and analytical representations of the act of activity are the core part of developing modules of system dynamics.
SENTIMENT ANALYSIS ON HALAL CERTIFICATION
Authors: Hakim Bashir Ammar Hakim , Mujahidah Anisa Syahidah , Rusydiana Aam Slamet
Published: August 2022

Halal Certificate is a halal guarantee certificate for a product issued by an institution, be it a private institution or a government agency. There are pros and cons among the public and researchers regarding the existence of Halal certification. Therefore, this research was conducted to examine halal certification within the scope of the economy in terms of the opinions of Twitter social media users. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach with descriptive statistics from literature studies with the theme of halal certification. The data used in this study are 13,824 tweets related to Halal Certification. To classify tweets, a Python library called VADER (Valence Aware Dictionary and Sentiment Reasoner) is used. VADER (Valence Aware Dictionary and Sentiment Reasoner) is a lexicon and rule-based sentiment analysis tool adapted to social media sentiment but also works on texts from other domains. The results of the sentiment analysis show that there is a tendency for positive perceptions of Halal Certification in the opinion of Twitter users, with positive sentiment of 41.8%, neutral sentiment of 30.8% and negative sentiment of 27.4%. This diversity of sentiment results is obtained because of the pros and cons of the existence of Halal Certification. The benefit of this research is for literature material and considerations related to Halal Certification. As well as efforts to identify threats, negative perceptions, and lack of Halal certification. In addition, to find out positive perceptions, advantages and benefits of Halal Certification.
Scientific, scientific-methodological and organizational report “The Institute of theoretical mathematics and scientific computing (ITMandSC) L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University in 2019 year (Part III)”
Authors:   Institute of Theoretical Mathematics and Scientific Computations ot the L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Temirgaliyev N.
Published: August 2022

Article contains the Synopsis-Сontent of the textbook "Mathematical analysis". Namely, chapters and paragraphs is entitled, on the one hand, in an expanded form conveying their theme in highlighting the essence and development of ideas, on the other hand, in a brief and informative form. The complete content of the textbook in the form of a Synopsis-Сontent also makes up a complete list of residual knowledge that must be preserved at the subconscious level of the reader.
Mathematical substantiation of diagnostics of the technical condition of the oil pipeline
Authors:   Ghalam LLP, Yessengaliyev A.G. , Tapashev A.D. ,   JSC NC “KazMunayGas”
Published: August 2022

The paper is proposed a mathematical model of source recovery for the partial differential equation of parabolic type on a tree graph. The developed model makes it possible to apply the results in the diagnostics of the operation of large-scale pipelines through which liquids are pumped, in particular, the detection of a blockage in a separate link of the main oil pipeline.
On logarithmic derivatives of probability densities
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Rezbaev A.V.
Published: August 2022

We construct two examples connected with the integrability of logarithmic derivatives of probability densities on the real line, in particular, with the Fisher information number. These examples show that the Fisher information of a probability density cannot be estimated in terms of L^1 -norms of its first and second derivatives and the maximum of the absolute value of the second derivative. In addition, the norm of the logarithmic derivative of the density in L^3 cannot be estimated in terms of the norms in L^1 of the derivatives of the density of any order.
Scientific, scientific-methodological and organizational report “The Institute of theoretical mathematics and scientific computing (ITMandSC) L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University in 2019 year (Part IV)”
Authors:   Institute of Theoretical Mathematics and Scientific Computations ot the L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Temirgaliyev N.
Published: August 2022

In the article ends Synopsis-Table of contents of the textbook "Mathematical analysis". The beginning was presented in Part III, where each chapters and paragraphs is entitled, on the one hand, in an expanded form conveying their theme in highlighting the essence and development of ideas, on the other hand, in a brief and informative form which is also sustained in this Part IV.
Analysis on Women’s Unions in Southeast Asian Countries: Implications for Women-related Cooperation Projects
Authors:   Korea Association of International Development and Cooperation, Chang Eun Ha , Kim Eun Kyung , Yoon Jiso , Kim Jung-soo , Park Yoonjung , Jang Youngeun
Published: August 2022

Purpose: Development actors that carry out gender projects in (post) socialist Southeast Asian countries, namely Vietnam, Laos and Myanmar are closely cooperating with the women’s unions (or federation) in these countries. This study aims to provide implications for effective gender development cooperation by analyzing and comparing historical trajectories, major activities, organization & operation, women-related governance and development project cases of women’s unions in these countries.
Originality: By providing an in-depth analysis on women’s unions, this study aims to contribute to effective and sustainable cooperation with women’s unions in implementing women-related development projects in these countries.
Methodology: This study employed literature review, institutional visits and semi-structured and focus group interviews in these three countries, and expert interviews in South Korea.
Result: Women’s unions have strengths in vertical organizational structure with grassroot accessibility and top-down command system. However, their weakness lies in the lack of independence, unclear decision making procedure, weak human resources, and focus on traditional women’s role.
Conclusions and Implication: Women’s unions in these countries can be effective partners in women-related development projects thanks to their top-down command structure and nation-wide network with grassroot accessibility. However, their focus on traditional gender role of women, priority agendas set by the Party, and bureaucratic prolongation of project implementation can become conflicting points and should be taken into consideration when carrying out projects.
Climate Technology Demand and Supply-Based Climate ODA Strategy Planning: An Empirical Approach on Korea's Climate ODA
Authors:   Korea Association of International Development and Cooperation, Jung Hye-Ryoung , Kim Jiwon , Lee Cheon-Hwan
Published: August 2022

Purpose: This article has two aims: 1) to develop a quantitative methodology to select prominent climate ODA sectors and 2) to purpose climate-technology based ODA strategies for the selected sectors.
Originality: Although climate ODA is the only area that international regimes require technology transfer to the developing world, a methodology for planning climate technology based ODA strategies has not been fully formalized. Considering the fact that the technology cooperation may include diverse types of aid projects such as capacity building, strengthening regulatory environment and the diffusion of technologies, the methodological approach to plan the climate technology-based ODA strategies may contribute to promoting effectiveness of the ODA sectoral programs.
Methodology: To select prominent sectors of climate ODA, three evaluation criteria are used. First, the relevance criteria are measured whether the donor country has ever implemented climate-financed projects since 2015 or the recipient country has stated their climate-technology demand to the technology need assessment reports. The efficiency criteria are estimated by the degree of financial resource concentration and by the inclusion to the 2020-2024 national plan. Lastly, using SDGs panel data that covers 190 countries from 1990-2020, the vulnerability is measured by comparing the country’s GDP predicted values of SDGs, which are estimated by the fixed-effect coefficient, to its actual values of SDGs.
Result: The results show that the most prominent sectors of climate ODA are water management and rural development. However, for the middle income countries in South Asia and Eurasia region, urban development is gradually emerged as a new prominent sector. Focused on these selected sectors of climate ODA, this study also suggests specific ODA strategies by matching Korea’s promising climate technologies in terms of technology maturity and commercialization with the technologies that recipient countries need.
Conclusions and Implication: This article’s approach of climate ODA strategies may lead recipient countries to foster the enabling environment to develop, adopt and commercialize the climate technologies, which effectively contribute to promoting sustainable and climate-resilient development.
Testing and Comparing the Causal Relationship Between Spiritual and Social Capital and Depression With the Mediating Role of Death Anxiety in the Elderly With and Without Spouse
Authors:   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Khorramshahr International Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khorramshahr, Iran., Sharifi Amirhossein , Bakhtiarpour Saeed ,   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran., Naderi Farah ,   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran., Askari Parviz ,   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
Published: August 2022

Objectives The world population is rapidly aging, and depression is a common mental disorder among the elderly. This study aimed to test the causal model of depression based on spiritual and social capital through death anxiety in the elderly. Methods & Materials The statistical population included all the elderly in Tehran City in 2020, from which 371 people were selected by convenience sampling. They answered online questionnaires about depression, death anxiety, and spiritual and social capital. Data were analyzed using the path analysis method using Amos software. Results The results showed that spiritual and social capital variables had an indirect and significant relationship with depression through death anxiety. The direct connection between spiritual capital and depression was not significant. But in addition to the indirect relationship, there was a significant direct relationship between social capital and depression. In other words, according to the findings, social capital was associated with depression in addition to its immediate effect on death anxiety. Still, spiritual capital had all its impact on depression through death anxiety. Also, the comparison of the model between the two groups of elderly people with and without a spouse showed that the marital status of the model does not moderate. Conclusion Spiritual and social capital effectively predicts depression in the elderly and its direct effect through death anxiety.
The Effect of Short-Term Conditional-Equilibrium Exercises on Balance and Functional Limitations in Aged Women With Frailty Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trail
Authors:   Department of Health Promotion, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran., Tavan Foruzan , Yarelahi Mahsa ,   Department of Gerontology, School of Educational Sciences and social, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Chehrehnegar Negin ,   Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran., Asadollahi Abdolrahim ,   Department of Health Promotion, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Published: August 2022

Objectives Increasing frailty syndrome is one consequence of the aging population. Frailty syndrome can adversely affect the independent life and social activities of the elderly by threatening their balance and mobility. This study aimed to investigate the effect of short-term postural-balance training on balance and functional limitations in elderly women with frailty syndrome. Methods & Materials The present clinical trial study was performed on 54 elderly women with frailty syndrome. Participants were randomly selected from one of the daycare centers for the elderly in Shiraz and were divided into two groups intervention (n=27) and control (n=27). For the intervention group, 12 sessions of short-term postural-balance exercises were held. Data were collected using the Fried Frailty Index, berg balance scale (BBS-9), and the survey of activities and fear of falling in the elderly (SAFE) Questionnaire at the beginning of the study and the end of the intervention and analyzed using SPSS software v. 25. Results The mean age of participants was 66.77 years, and 94.4% had at least one chronic disease. Following the intervention, there was a significant improvement in the mean scores of frailties such as physical activity, walk time, balance, and motor limitation of the elderly in the intervention group. In contrast, the intervention could not significantly affect other frailty indicators, i.e., unwanted weight loss, exhaustion, and grip strength in the intervention group Conclusion Postural-balance exercises significantly improve the physical characteristics of malnutrition and motor and functional limitations in daily life activities in the elderly.
Effect of intensity sequence of resistance training on some antioxidants factors and Malondialdehyde plasma in over weight men
Authors:   Department of Physical Education and sport science, Sciences and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Mardani Asad , Abednatanzi Hossein ,   Department of Physical Education and sport science, Sciences and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Gholami Mandana ,   Department of Physical Education and sport science, Sciences and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Ghazalian Farshad ,   Department of Physical Education and sport science, Sciences and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Azizbeigi Kamal ,   Department of Physical Education, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran.
Published: August 2022

Background and Aims: Todays, many factors and variables are considered in the design of resistance training that may affect physiological adaptations. Despite the positive effect of resistance training on antioxidant behavior and oxidative stress, the influents of these factors to intensity sequence of resistance training is unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of resistance training intensity sequence of resistance training on antioxidants and Malondialdehyde (MDA) in over weight men. Methods: In present semi experimental study, 30 over weight young males voluntarily participated in the study and randomly assigned to pyramid resistance training (PRT; n=10), reverse pyramid resistance training (RPRT; n=10), and control (n=10). Resistance training was done in 3 nonconsecutive days for eight weeks, where the PRT was done resistance training by gradually increasing the intensity and decreasing the number of repetitions to reach maximum strength, while the RPRT they did the exact opposite. Blood samples were collected before and 48 after exercise training, and superoxide dismutase (SOD), Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and total Antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured by McCord & Fridovich, Buege& Aust, Paglia & valentine and FARP methods, respectively. In order to analyze the data, analysis of variance was used with repeated measurements. Results: It was observed that SOD in the PRT (p=0.024) and the RPRT (p=0.029) increased significantly. The GPX in the PRT (p=0.008) and RPRT (p=007) than to control were also significantly increased. Also, the TAC increased significantly only in the PRT (p=0.047). The MDA in the PRT (p=0.019) and the RPRT (p=0.041) were significantly decrease, no significant difference was observed between PRT and RPRT in any of the mentioned variables (p˃0.05). Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, it seems that pyramid and reverse pyramid resistance training can improve the antioxidant status in overweight men, however, they have not any advantages than to each other.
Effectiveness of Motor Interventions in Improving the Motor Abilities of Post-stroke Patients: A Systematic Review
Authors:   Department of Physical Education, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran., Ahmadabadi Somayeh , Alavian Firozeh ,   Department of Basic Sciences, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran., Sedaghati Parisa ,   Department of Sports Injuries and Corrective Sports, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
Published: August 2022

Background and Aims Stroke is a major cause of neurologic disability worldwide. Most cases of stroke have a sedentary lifestyle and diminished aerobic capacity. The present study aimed to systematically investigate the effect of aerobic exercise training on motor function improvement of patients following stroke. Methods This research is a systematic review. Keyword studies of aerobics, exercise, mobility, rehabilitation, stroke, walking, and treadmill were conducted in the Embase, Science Direct, PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar databases from 2000 to 2019. Studies in two categories of aerobic exercise and motor ability, including adults with a history of stroke more than six months with the ability to move independently, have exercise intervention and assessment of motor abilities. Of 87 articles in the initial search, 31 were included in this study. Results Among 31 studies reviewed, 10 studies focused on the effect of continuous passive exercise and 12 studies on the effect of aerobic exercise on the motor abilities of stroke patients. Meanwhile, although six studies showed a positive impact of using the treadmill on functional capacity, five studies did not show an improvement in the balance of these patients under the treadmill. Conclusion A review of the research findings showed that the specific type, intensity, and duration of various types of motor interventions could improve parts of the physical fitness of stroke patients during the rehabilitation programs; therefore, the risk of re-stroke and cardiovascular disorders is reduced.
The Effect of a Mindfulness-based Yoga Training Course on the Mental Toughness of Athletes With Different Skill Levels
Authors:   Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran., Mir Fatemeh , Abdolshahi Maryam ,   Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran., Shamsipour Dehkordi Parvaneh ,   Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran.
Published: August 2022

Background and Aims One of the critical variables affecting sports success is mental toughness, which is the ability to return from failure and imposed pressure. It seems that it is necessary to conduct interventional research on different sports communities and observe the effect of this intervention on different personality dimensions of athletes. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of a mindfulness-based yoga intervention on mental toughness in athletes with varying skill levels. Methods In the present study, 72 student-athletes who were members of sports teams (Mean±SD age: 20.67±1.44 years, Mean±SD sports: history 5.88±3.26 years) were selected based on inclusion criteria, and They were divided into three intervention groups (skilled, semi-skilled and less experienced) and three control groups (skilled, semi-skilled and less experienced). Also, the Persian version of the sports mental toughness questionnaire (SMTQ), Golby and Shird), and the demographic questionnaire was used. First, all pretest participants completed a sports mental toughness questionnaire; then, the intervention group participated in 12 90-minute mindfulness-based yoga training sessions. At the end of the course, all subjects were retested. Athletes’ participation was voluntary, and all subjects signed a consent form to participate in the study. Results The two-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) (skill level×intervention) showed that the main effect of the intervention in the post-test was significant for the stubbornness variable and subscales of stability and control, but the effect of skill level and their interactive effect was not significant. Also, comparing the pretest and post-test pairs for each group, it was observed that the mental toughness of the inexperienced and semi-skilled in the post-test groups significantly improved over the pretest. Conclusion The effect of a mindfulness-based yoga intervention on athletes’ mental toughness and subscales of stability and control was positive. Considering the importance of the athlete’s mental toughness in achieving high levels of competition, it is suggested that coaches use mindfulness-based yoga intervention in athletes with different skill levels to promote this psychological factor.
Rye containing compound feeds in the diet of bulls on rearing
Authors: Mikhaylova L. R. , Lavrentiev A. Yu. , Sherne V. S.
Published: August 2022

Relevance. Rye occupies a special place among cereals as components of compound feeds. Rye, unsuitable for food purposes, but quite suitable for feeding farm animals, can be used for the production of compound feeds.Methods. To solve the problems, 4 groups of gobies were formed for rearing and 4 recipes of compound feed concentrates with different rye input rates were developed (0, 20, 30, 40%). The duration of the experiment was 135 days. To find out the effect of the compound feed composition on feed consumption, daily group feeding accounting was carried out. Experimental animals were weighed every 30 days, that is, monthly. To identify the effect of the tested grain (rye) consumption of the basic balanced diet, records were kept on the account of the feed consumed and their residues the next day. During the entire scientific and economic experience, feedabilitywas recorded.Results. Studies have shown that compound feeds prepared according to the developed recipes allow balancing the feeding of experimental bulls that will be raised to produce beef according to the detailed feeding standards available today, with a relatively low specific gravity of concentrated feeds. The inclusion of 20 to 40% rye in the composition of compound feeds does not reduce the balance of the diet of animals in the experiment. The gross increase in live weight and the increase per day in the experimental bulls of the first three groups did not differ significantly. Animals from group IV, which were fed compound feed with 40% rye, were inferior to control animals by 5.6 kg in total growth, in an average daily increase — by43 g. 5.87–6.03 ECU was spent per unit of live weight gain (1 kg).
Changes in the parameters of ruminal digesta in vitro when using sunflower husk and zinc in ultrafine form
Authors: Sheida E. V. , Miroshnikov S. A. , Duskaev G. K. , Ryazanov V. A. , Grechkina V. V.
Published: August 2022

Relevance. By-products of agricultural processing are considered as raw materials for use in animal feed formulations in order to reduce the cost of animal feeding. The inclusion of mineral supplements can increase the nutritional value of diets and allow the use of lower quality feeds.Methods. The object of the study is ruminal digesta from bull-calves with chronic scar fistula, weighing 240–245 kg, 11–12 months old; ultrafine particles (UFP) of zinc (Zn — size 110 nm, Zn 90%). Metabolom was studied on the basis of tests of the following feed samples: sunflower husk subjected to mechanical grinding without treatment and with treatment (hydromodule (water), ultrasonication at 20°С, 15 minutes, 27 kHz). The level of methane was determined on the “Crystallux-2000M” by gas chromatography, the level of volatile fatty acids (VFA) in the contents of the rumen — by gas chromatography on the gas chromatograph “Crystallux-4000M”, determination of nitrogen forms— according to GOST 26180-84.Results. The inclusion of UHF zinc at a dosage of 3.0 mg and 6.0 mg improved the digestibility of DM relative to the control sample by 21.9–22.4% (р ≤ 0.05). The additional inclusion of zinc at a dosage of 1.5 mg and 3 mg contributed to an increase in acetate by 94.7% and 97.9%, propionate —by 85.4% and 71.4% (р ≤ 0.05), butyrate— by 95.6% and 87.3% respectively relative to the control sample. The presence of zinc at a dosage of 6.0 mg significantly increased the concentration of acetate, propionate, butyrate and caproic acid —by 94.9%, 93.2%, 94.4% and 75.4% (р ≤ 0.05) relative to the control. The level of methane formation in all experimental groups relative to the control was significantly lower.
The influence of sowing dates on the formation of the soybean seed yield in the conditions of the Central region of the Non-Chernozem zone
Authors: Khramoy V. K. , Sikharulidze Т. D. , Rakhimova О. V. , Kirichenko A. A.
Published: August 2022

Relevance и methods. In the field experiment in the conditions of sod-podzolic sandy loam soil of the Central region of the Non-Chernozem zone, the influence of four sowing periods (30.04; 05.05; 10.05; 15.05) on the formation of the yield of early-maturing soybean seeds of the variety Svetlayawas studied.Results. When sowing at a later date, the emergence of seedlings was accelerated and a faster development of plants was observed during the growing season. Thus, when sowing on May 15, the duration of the sowing — germination period was reduced by 6 days compared to sowing on April 30, and the duration of the growing season from germination to maturation was reduced by 4 days. When sown on April 30, soybeans reached harvest ripeness steadily in the third decade of August, when sown on May 15, the ripening of soybeans goes to September, which can lead to unstable ripening of seeds, since the temperature regime in September does not meet the requirements of soybeans. The conducted studies have shown that high yields of soybean seeds at the level of 2.73 t/ha can be obtained on the sod-podzolic sandy loam soil of the Central region of the Non-Chernozem zone in favorable weather conditions. The most favorable conditions for the formation of a seed harvest in this region are created when sowing on May 5. When sowing on April 30, decreasesuch indicators as field germination — by 12.7%, plant survival — by 2.2%, the height of the first inflorescence — by 2.6 cm and the biological yield of seeds — by 20.1% . At later sowing dates, there is also a decrease in seed yield by 19.5–40.8% due to a decrease in field germination (by 2.9–4.9%) and the weight of seeds from the plant (by 21.6–32.4%).
The influence of agrotechnologies and methods of basic tillage on the agrophysical properties of typicalchernozem in the Central Chernozem region
Authors: Lukyanov V. A. , Pruschik I. A.
Published: August 2022

Relevance. The agrophysical properties of the soil form the basis for the development of field crops, their study makes possible developing scientifically proven agricultural technologies in the face of changing climatic conditions. The purpose of the research is to study the influence of agrotechnologies and methods of basic tillage on the structural and aggregate state and reserves of productive moisture in the typicalchernozem for the cultivation of spring barley in the grain-fallow-row crop rotation of the Central Chernozem region.Methods. The work was carried out in 2021 in the long-term scientific and production experiment (Kursk region). The soil of the experimental site is typical medium loamy chernozem. The scheme of the experiment included two types of agricultural technologies and four methods of tillage.Results. The paper shows that in the variant with zero treatment, the content of soil moisture, as well as spring reserves of productive moisture, prevailed over dump, nondump and surface tillage. It was found that in the arid conditions of 2021, the structural and aggregate state of chernozem soils differed during one growing season of barley, depending on the method of basic tillage and agricultural technologies in general. The highest content of agronomically valuable aggregates was noted during the sowing of barley in variants with dump (80.1%) and non-dump (85.4%) tillage with the basic technology of barley cultivation. In the spring period, the amount of water-bearing aggregates was higher with non-dump tillage (51.1%) and No-till (42.4%), their number decreased before harvesting barley, but remained higher with non-dump tillage (50.2 %). The intensive technology of spring barley cultivation, including siderate steam and a higher dose of mineral fertilizers, was inferior to the options with the basic technology. The structural coefficient varied during the growing season of barley and was higher when using dump and non-dump tillage with the basic technology.
MAIN APPROACHES TO SHIP TRAFFIC CONTROL ON COURSE
Authors: Golikov V. , Siniuta K.
Published: August 2022

The management of the vessel's course on the course is an important maritime quality that determines the effectiveness of the vessel's management. The environmental conditions in which course management tasks need to be addressed are of a different nature - limited visibility, stormy weather, icing, shallow water, tidal phenomena, narrow conditions, the presence of other vessels, and so on. All these aspects cannot be comprehensively considered by traditional mathematical methods, ensuring the necessary adequacy of the actual process. This paper highlights the existing approaches to the management of ship traffic on the course such as course management, disturbance management, ship traffic management on the basis of long-term forecasting, proportional-integral-differential (PID) law of control (deviation control), intellectual approaches to court management, in particular, synergetic approach, use of neural networks, fuzzy logic and evolutionary (genetic) algorithms-languages.