bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hall and Ion-Slip Current Effects on Micropolar Fluid Flow Over a Vertical Plate with an Inclined Magnetic Field
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj-8100, Bangladesh, Islam Mohammad Rafiqul , Nasrin Sonia ,   Department of Mathematics, Jagannath University, Dhaka-1100, Bangladesh
Published: December 2024

In this study, we explore how Hall and Ion-slip currents influence the flow of micropolar fluid over a vertical plate in the presence of an inclined magnetic field. To simplify the analysis, we consider a small magnetic Reynolds number, allowing us to exclude the magnetic induction equation. The equations governing the flow are derived from principles of linear momentum equation, angular momentum equation, and energy equation which are made dimensionless through similarity analysis. Then these non-linear, dimensionless equations are solved by using the explicit finite difference method for finding the primary velocity, secondary velocity, microrotation, and temperature. This investigation extensively examines the impact of key parameters on velocity, microrotation, and temperature distributions. It also provided concise graphical explanations of skin friction and heat transfer rate at the plate.
Impact of Simulation Model and Grain Size on the Bifacial Gain of a Silicon Solar Cell
Authors:   Laboratory of Thermal and Renewable Energies, Universite Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, Tchedre Esso-Ehanam , Soro Boubacar ,   Laboratory of Thermal and Renewable Energies, Universite Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso and Institut des Sciences et Technologie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, Tchouadep Guy Serge ,   Laboratory of Thermal and Renewable Energies, Universite Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, Savadogo Mahamadi ,   Laboratory of Thermal and Renewable Energies, Universite Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, Zerbo Issa ,   Laboratory of Thermal and Renewable Energies, Universite Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, Zoungrana Martial ,   Laboratory of Thermal and Renewable Energies, Universite Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Published: December 2024

The characterisation of the performance of a bifacial silicon cell in a simulation study is carried out through different simulation models. These are the one-dimensional (1D) model, the classical three-dimensional model using constant diffusion parameters and the empirical 3D model which uses diffusion parameters varying with grain size. For each of these models, by comparing the electrical parameters of the solar cell subjected to front side illumination and then to double illumination, the different bifacial gains are obtained and then compared to each other. This study revealed a tendency for the classical 1D and 3D models to overestimate the bifacial gains compared to the empirical 3D model.
Experimental Evidence for the Existence of Other Mutually Invisible Universes Neighboring Our Visible Universe
Authors:   Independent researcher, Kiev, Ukraine, Antonov A. A.
Published: December 2024

The article explains that the special theory of relativity (SRT), created in the early twentieth century, which is an outstanding scientific achievement, was ahead of its time, because science then lacked some of the knowledge necessary for its creation - not used discrete mathematics, was not explained the physical meaning of imaginary numbers, were not discovered dark matter and dark energy and in space has not yet launched spacecraft WMAP, Planck and others. Therefore absence of the mentioned knowledge was justifiably replaced by postulates. But not everything was guessed. And present now in the version of SRT studied in all physics textbooks, the postulate called the principle of non-exceeding the speed of light turned out to be incorrect. Therefore the corrected version of SRT in which this postulate is replaced by the experimentally proved principle of physical reality of imaginary numbers is offered. In this corrected version of SRT also offered a experimental proof of the existence of mutually invisible parallel universes astronomical observations in portals invisible outside the portals of constellations. And it is explained, why the principle of non-exceeding of speed of light not disproved so far by physical experiments is incorrect.
A higher-dimensional categorical perspective on 2-crossed modules
Authors: Özel Emre , Arslan Ummahan Ege , İlker Akça İbrahim
Published: December 2024

In this study, we will express the 2-crossed module of groups from a higher-dimensional categorical perspective. According to simplicial homotopy theory, a 2-crossed module is the Moore complex of a 2-truncated simplicial group. Therefore, the 2-crossed module is an algebraic homotopy model for the homotopy 3-types. Tricategories are a three-dimensional generalization of the bicategory concept. Any tricategory is triequivalent to the Gray category, where Gray is a category enriched over the monoidal category 2Cat equipped with the Gray tensor product. Briefly, a Gray category is a semi-strict 3-category for homotopy 3-types. Naturally, the tricategory perspective is used in homotopy theory. The 2-crossed module is associated with the concept of the Gray category. The aim of this study is to obtain a single object tricategory from any 2-crossed module of groups.
Functionally graded materials of SS316L and IN625 manufactured by direct metal deposition
Authors: Dev Singh D. , Arjula Suresh , Raji Reddy A.
Published: December 2024

Direct metal deposition (DMD) is a layer-by-layer material addition process. Partial functionally graded material (FGM) blocks of size 26 mm wide × 34 mm thick × 32 mm height were 3D printed based on Taguchi’s L9 approach using a commercial DMD machine equipped with a diode laser. The parameters selected for FGM deposition were laser power, scan velocity, and powder feed rate. The metal powders used for deposition were Stainless Steel 316L (SS316L) and Inconel 625 (IN625). The novelty is the introduction of three gradient layers for joining dissimilar materials of SS316L and IN625. ASTM E8 tensile specimens were cut from each FGM block for testing and characterization. Tensile test results revealed that the thick-layered partial FGM specimen-6 had a high ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 532.6 MPa at the sixth set of optimum parameters. This is due to the mixed presence of coarser and fine columnar grains and equiaxed grain microstructures. Based on the analysis of variance, scan velocity had a more significant effect on UTS and powder feed rate on micro-hardness. However, a maximum micro-hardness of 202.5 HV was observed in the gradient layers of the ninth sample at the ninth set of parameters. The fractography analysis revealed the ductile failure of specimens.
Opinion events and stance types: advances in LLM performance with ChatGPT and Gemini
Authors: Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk Barbara , Liebeskind Chaya
Published: December 2024

The paper tests conversational Large Language Models, instructed to produce stance expression types (affective, relational, epistemic, and moral) and their contexts in Opinion (Speech) Events (Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk, Barbara, Chaya Liebeskind, Anna Baczkowska, Jurate Ruzaite, Ardita Dylgjeri, Ledia Kazazi & Erika Lombart 2023. Opinion events: Types and opinion markers in English social media discourse. Lodz Papers in Pragmatics 19(2). 447–481). In the first part an opinion taxonomy proposed in (Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk, Barbara, Chaya Liebeskind, Anna Baczkowska, Jurate Ruzaite, Ardita Dylgjeri, Ledia Kazazi & Erika Lombart 2023. Opinion events: Types and opinion markers in English social media discourse. Lodz Papers in Pragmatics 19(2). 447–481) is discussed in terms of Explicit (direct or indirect) and Implicit opinionated texts, categorized as positive, negative, ambiguous, or balanced. The further part discusses our previous attempts at Explicit (direct/indirect) and Implicit opinion type generation, performed by means of a series of prompts with LLMs (ChatGPT and Gemini) (Liebeskind, Chaya & Barbara Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk. 2024a. Opinion identification using a conversational large language model. In FLAIRS conference Proceedings. Florida, Liebeskind, Chaya & Barbara Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk. F 2024b. Navigating opinion space: A Study of explicit and implicit opinion generation in language models. Santiago de Compostella: EAIS conference publication), while this paper presents further LLM experiments with chatGPT and Gemini as well as their results, based on the analysis of stance expression types, which lead to increased success in opinion context generation.
EDIBLE INSECTS AS A POTENTIAL PRODUCT FOR ACHIEVING GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY. PART 1
Authors: PLATTA ANNA , MIKULEC ANNA , RADZYMIŃSKA MONIKA , SUWAŁA GRZEGORZ , ZBOROWSKI MAREK , RUSZKOWSKA MILLENA , NOWICKI MARCIN , KOWALCZEWSKI PRZEMYSŁAW
Published: December 2024

Background. The use of edible insects as a food source for humans creates numerous demographic, environmental, economic and ethical challenges for societies. The consumption of food containing edible insects in its composition requires, first and foremost, its acceptance by consumers. The aim of the study was to determine whether the attitudes and intentions of young consumers in Poland (Generation Z) toward foods containing edible insects (fresh, frozen, dried, powdered ones, e.g., meal) in their composition can affect concerns about food security and environmental sustainability worldwide. In preparing the questionnaire, a set of statements adapted from scientific publications by other authors was used. The survey questionnaire included items (15) relating to: attitudes toward insect food (4), intentions to purchase food from insects (4), the willingness to pay a higher price for food containing insects, the production of which takes into account care for the environment (1), concern for food security (4) and environmental sustainability (2). During the survey, the respondents expressed the level of approval to or disapproval of all items included, using a five-point Likert scale. Results and conclusions. Based on the survey carried out among young people, it can be concluded that the acceptance of foods containing edible insects in their composition as a solution, or support, to the problem of global food insecurity is related to attitudes and intentions to consume and purchase foods containing edible insects in their composition (fresh, frozen, dried, powdered ones, e.g. meal). Understanding young consumers' intentions to consume food containing edible insects combined with their experiences with edible insects is the most effective way to encourage consumers to purchase and consume new foods . The results obtained can contribute to efforts to promote the legitimacy of producing new foods containing edible insects in their composition.
ROZWÓJ BADAŃ W DZIEDZINIE BIOINŻYNIERII I BIOTECHNOLOGII
Authors: SZPRYNCA ADRIANNA , PILISZEK ANNA , BAGNICKA EMILIA
Published: December 2024

Background. Science has been developing since time immemorial. As a result of curiosity, observation or the desire to improve the standard of living, various techniques and methods used in every field of science have been created over the centuries, and are still being developed nowadays. This made it possible to develop biotechnology, and subsequently, bioengineering. Changes in industry start with laboratory works. The most important and most frequent methods and techniques used in laboratories, the history of their creation, their current applications and possible use in the future were discussed in the article. These methods and techniques concern various areas of life and involve interference in the lives of animals, such as crossbreeding, genetic transformations or manipulations carried out on material obtained from them.
Results and conclusions. Animal research makes it possible to improve the quality of human life, especially for patients. However, it should be remembered that animals are also sentient beings and cannot be overexploited. They must be provided with appropriate living conditions, ensuring animal welfare. The development and implementation of new legal regulations and the 3R principles, as well as the development of state-of-the-art cell and tissue culture technologies, allow for limiting the use of invasive procedures in animal research. It is impossible to list and describe all important methods and techniques that are currently, or will be, practiced and developed in the future. Science still has a lot to discover, develop and offer for practice.
WPŁYW ZASTOSOWANIA DODATKU PSZENŻYTA W ŻYWIENIU TUCZNIKÓW NA CECHY FIZYKOCHEMICZNE ORAZ PROFIL KWASÓW TŁUSZCZOWYCH MIĘSA
Authors: JANISZEWSKI PIOTR , LISIAK DARIUSZ , BORZUTA KAROL , GRZEŚKOWIAK EUGENIA , SCHWARZ TOMASZ , POWAŁOWSKI KRZYSZTOF , LISIAK BEATA , SIEKIERKO URSZULA , SAMARDAKIEWICZ ŁUKASZ
Published: December 2024

Background. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of different amounts of triticale grains in pigs diets on meat quality and fatty acid profile. The experiment was performed with 100 Polish Landrace pigs. The pigs were fed with barley and wheat mixture (control group) and with triticale grains addition at the level of 20 %, 40 % and 60 %. Number of pigs in each group was 25 animals. After slaughter the meat content evaluation of pig carcass was done and analyse of quality and also chemical components of longissimus lumborum muscle. Results and conclusions. It was found that the tested triticale grains in 60 % addition in diet had a significant effect on lowering of SFA level, increase level of MUFA acids and lowering of the ratio PUFA n-6/n-3 acids in LL muscle in comparison to control group. Fed with triticale addition had no efected on study phisico chemical and sensorical traits and on the meatiness and fattness of carcasses and on the chemical composition of LL muscle.
WŁAŚCIWOŚCI CHEMICZNE, PRZECIWUTLENIAJĄCE I SENSORYCZNE NAPOJU SOJOWEGO TYPU KOMBUCHA
Authors: POPIELARCZYK MARTA , CZARNOWSKA-KUJAWSKA MARTA , PASZCZYK BEATA , STAROWICZ MAŁGORZATA
Published: December 2024

Background. Fermentation using SCOBY culture and the resulting kombucha drinks are constantly gaining popularity due to their attractive sensory properties and potentially higher content of bioactive ingredients. During the experiment, a soy drink was fermented using kombucha. The research goal was to assess the selected health-promoting properties of the obtained drink after fermentation based on its antioxidant activity, fatty acid profile, content of selected minerals and sensory properties. Results and conclusion. A statistically significant (p < 0.05) increase in antioxidant properties measured by PCL and DPPH tests was demonstrated when comparing the soy drink before and after fermentation. Changes after fermentation were also observed in the fatty acid profile, and Folch, IDF and GC-FID methods were used to examine them. There was a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the total content of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the content of monoenoic fatty acids (MUFA). Mineral components were determined using the acetylene-air flame emission technique, using a flame atomic absorption spectrometer and a VIS 6000 spectrophotometer. After fermentation, the soy drink was characterized by a significantly lower (p < 0.05) content of minerals such as Cu, Fe, Zn, Mg, Ca, Na, P. Only the Mn content was significantly higher (p < 0.05). The sensory analysis was carried out by a 10-person team of assessors with proven sensory sensitivity by means of the differential profiling method, using a bipolar linear scale, in comparison to the standard sample (the non-fermented drink). The fermented soy drink gained a more intense taste and smell, as well as a thicker, yogurt-like consistency.
WPŁYW RODZAJU HOMOGENIZACJI NA WŁAŚCIWOŚCI REOLOGICZNE I ZAWARTOŚĆ ZWIĄZKÓW BIOAKTYWNYCH W MĘTNYM SOKU Z TRUSKAWEK
Authors: PIECKO JAN , MIESZCZAKOWSKA-FRĄC MONIKA , SZWEJA-GRZYBOWSKA JUSTYNA , CELEJEWSKA KAROLINA
Published: December 2024

Background. Turbidity is an important quality parameter of fruit juices. Sedimentation of pulp particles suspended in juice may result in a negative assessment of the product's quality by consumers. Therefore, turbidity stabilization is a challenge for juice producers. In this study, two types of homogenization were used to constrain juice sedimentation. Cloudy juice made of the "Grandarosa" cv. strawberries was used for the research. High-pressure homogenization was carried out with an Atomo 3.0 homogenizer at a pressure of 200 and 600 bar. Ultrasonic homogenization was carried out with a Sonics VCX 750 sonicator using 750W power for 2 and 8 minutes. The juice samples were analyzed for particle size distribution, viscosity, turbidity, total anthocyanin content, phenolic compounds and ascorbic acid content. Results and conclusions. In the case of ultrasonic homogenization, approximately 70 % of the particles present in the juice had a diameter below 25 µm, while in non-homogenized juice, the fraction of particles with a diameter below 25 µm was only 25 %. High-pressure homogenization, regardless of the pressure used, had a higher efficiency in the fragmentation of turbidity particles than ultrasonic homogenization (approximately 90% of the particles below 25 µm in size). Homogenization at a pressure of 200 bar resulted in the highest increase in viscosity to 6.5 mPa·s, by 135 % more than the non-homogenized juice. The juice homogenized ultrasonically for 8 minutes had the highest turbidity level, with a turbidity of 2110 NTU. The average content of total anthocyanins (6 mg/100 cm3) and L-ascorbic acid (16.8 mg/100 cm3) in the strawberry juice did not differ statistically significantly, regardless of the type of homogenization. High-pressure homogenization and ultrasonic homogenization are highly effective in reducing the size of particles in strawberry juice, however, none of them significantly degrades the anthocyanins and ascorbic acid content.
Ações afirmativas e ingresso no ensino superior brasileiro: um breve panorama
Authors: Silva Lucas Sena
Published: December 2024

Parte da discussão sobre ações afirmativas nasce da reflexão sobre mecanismos que podem ser criados para proporcionar remédios às desigualdades. Assim, apesar da origem estadunidense, o tema foi reivindicado no Brasil, especialmente a partir do contexto de redemocratização. Daquele momento em diante, sobretudo com base na Constituição de 1988 e pelo destaque que a Conferência de Durban deu ao tema anos depois, as ações afirmativas começaram a ser formuladas e implementadas voluntariamente em universidades públicas brasileiras. Levando em consideração esse contexto, o objetivo deste estudo é traçar um panorama do debate sobre ações afirmativas e ingresso no ensino superior brasileiro. Para isso, este artigo está dividido em três subseções: a primeira busca apresentar a origem das ações afirmativas e sua relação com o contexto brasileiro; a segunda foca em abordar o desenvolvimento das ações afirmativas no ensino superior, o debate na mídia e os casos UERJ e UnB; por fim, a terceira traça uma discussão acerca de alguns pontos controversos sobre a política de cotas, como o caso das comissões de heteroidentificação, e de quais são os sujeitos de direito dessa política. Por fim, defende-se a necessidade de ampliação da política como parte das perspectivas futuras.
Capitalismo verde e discurso da razão econômica: notas sobre os transgênicos e a segurança alimentar
Authors: Johann Andrade Luiz Fernando
Published: December 2024

Este artigo procura refletir sobre os transgênicos e a segurança alimentar brasileira partindo da concepção de capitalismo verde e do discurso da razão econômica, ancorados em um prisma sociológico. Nesse sentido, utilizou-se a metodologia de caráter qualitativo, imbuída da técnica de revisão bibliográfica sistemática. Os escritos de Abramovay (2012), Carmo (2006), Harvey (2018), Bernstein (2015), Marques (2015) e Löwy (2014) são alguns dos materiais utilizados como embasamento teórico. Por meio dessa pesquisa, verificou-se uma imbricação entre os transgênicos e a segurança e soberania alimentar que serviu de escopo a uma reflexão mais ampla do capitalismo e de sua lógica de produção. Dessa forma, percebe-se nesse sistema uma insaciável busca por ampliação de produção e de lucros que secundariza as questões ambientais. Em relação aos transgênicos, paira constantes dúvidas e críticas desenvolvidas pelos defensores da soberania alimentar. Longe de respostas definitivas, às reflexões finais abarcam notas pertinentes acerca desse fecundo campo analítico, destacando a necessidade de se pensar alternativas.
O pensamento político de Lucy Parsons: socialismo, luta de classes e organização
Authors: Castro Arthur Guimarães de
Published: December 2024

Lucy Parsons (1851-1942) foi uma militante socialista, anarquista e sindicalista revolucionária cuja atuação ocorreu do final do século XIX ao início do século XX nos Estados Unidos. Uma mulher não branca e participante do Industrial Workers of the Word – IWW (Trabalhadores Industriais do Mundo, em tradução livre), se destacou como uma liderança do movimento operário norte-americano, em particular após a morte de seu marido no contexto da Greve Geral de Chicago de 1886, se tornando alvo constante das forças policiais. Seus escritos abrangeram diversas temáticas: (1) a defesa da luta de classes como ferramenta de transformação da sociedade, opondo os interesses dos trabalhadores e dos patrões; (2) a crítica ao reformismo e ao eleitoralismo, representados pelo sindicalismo moderado e pela socialdemocracia marxista; (3) a importância da organização entre os anarquistas e os problemas da desorganização; (4) a integração dos debates de gênero e de raça aos debates de classe, observando que a libertação das mulheres e das pessoas não-brancas só poderia ocorrer em colaboração com os homens e pessoas brancas da classe trabalhadora.
Editorial
Authors: Editorial Equipe
Published: December 2024

Editorial
Die Quellen der Deutschen Texte der Altpreußischen Katechismen
Authors: Dūdaitė Zofija
Published: December 2024

Der deutsche Text des I. und II. Katechismus hat als Grundlage die Wittenberger Ausgabe des Kleinen Katechismus von 1531: Enchiridion. Der kleine Catechismus für die gemeine Pfarrer und Prediger. Mart. Lu. MDXXXI. Gedruckt zu Wittenberg durch Nieke! Schirlentz, MDXXXI. In manchen Fällen unterscheidet sich der deutsche Text des I. und II. Katechismus von der Wittenberger Ausgabe und folgt anderen Quellen: dem Großen Katechismus, der Bibel.
Der deutsche Text des III. Katechismus stützt sich auf die Leipziger Ausgabe des Kleinen Katechismus von 1543: Enchiridion. Der kleine Katechismus. Für die gemeine Pfarrer und Prediger D. Mart. Luther. Leipzig. Gedruckt zu Leipzig durch Valentin Babst in der Ritterstraße. M.D.XLIII. Große Unterschiede zwischen beiden Texten sind im Dekalog zu bemerken. Der deutsche Text des Dekalogs stützt sich auf zwei Quellen: auf die Leipziger Ausgabe des Kleinen Katechismus vom Jahre 1543, und auf den Katechismus oder Kinderpredigt. In anderen Teilen des Katechismus gibt es keine großen Unterschiede. Manchmal hat der Übersetzer A. Will auch andere Ausgaben des Kleinen Katechismus benutzt. Manchmal hat er selbst den Text korrigiert und verändert.
Der deutsche Text des Tauf- und Traubüchleins ist aus der Kirchenordnung von 1558 entnommen (II. Teil, S. 1-8, § 3): Kirchenordnung. Wie es im Herzogtum Preußen beides mit Lehr und Zeremonien samt anderen so zur Förderung und Erhaltung des Predigtamts christlicher Zucht und guter Ordnung von Nutzen gehalten wird. Außerdem übersehen, gemehret und publiciert. Anno Christi M. D. LVIII. Gedruckt zu Königsberg in Preußen bei Johann Daubmann. 1558. A. Will hat einige Stellen in der Agenda übergangen. Sonst fallen die Texte zusammen.
Peter von Bohlen und seine Bibliothek
Authors: Kaunas Domas
Published: December 2024

Der Name des Orientalisten der Königsberger Universität Peter von Bohlen (1796-1840) ist heute nur wenig bekannt. In der Vergangenheit untersuchten deutsche Historiker seine Verdienste in der Indologie und die litauischen Geschichtsforscher seinen Beitrag zur Baltistik. In der vorliegenden Arbeit verfolgt der Autor das Ziel, die Tätigkeit von Professor P. von Bohlen vom Standpunkt der Bücherkunde aufzuarbeiten und insbesondere seinen Beitrag zur litauischen Kultur.
P. von Bohlen studierte Orientalistik an den Universitäten Halle, Bonn und Berlin. Er beherrschte viele Sprachen und besuchte die Vorlesungen des Begründers der vergleichenden-historischen Sprachwissenschaft F. Bopp. Nach Abschluss des Studiums unterrichtete P. von Bohlen in den Jahren 1825-1837 an der Universität Königsberg Orientalistik. Mit ihm erreichten diese Fächer wissenschaftliches Niveau. Er entwickelte eine rege wissenschaftliche Tätigkeit, veröffentlichte etwa 100 Arbeiten, darunter auch einige sehr originelle. Er schrieb Artikel über die litauische und die preußische Sprache. Unter dem Einfluss von L. Rhesa zeigte er Interesse für die litauische Volksdichtung und begann, litauische Volkslieder zu sammeln. P. von Bohlen wanderte durch Kleinlitauen und verkehrte mit Sammlern von Volksliedern, insbesondere evangelischen Priestern und Lehrern. Um eine größere Unterstützung zu bekommen, hat er im Jahre 1835 in der Tilsiter Zeitung einen Brief „Freundliche Bitte“ veröffentlicht. Nachdem er 145 litauische Volkslieder notiert hatte, begann er an einem Buch zu arbeiten, das leider wegen seines frühen Todes nicht erscheinen konnte. Die Handschrift wurde dann von einigen deutschen Litauern benutzt. Heute ist sie verlorengegangen.
Die private Bibliothek von Professor Peter von Bohlen wurde in einer Auktion in Halle verkauft. Der Katalog ist erhalten geblieben. Das Bücherverzeichnis zeigt das besondere Interesse des Gelehrten für indische, persische, arabische und deutsche Literatur sowie für die Literatur anderer Völker, darunter auch einige litauische Werke: philologische Arbeiten (1745-1747) von Philip und Paul Ruhig sowie die „Dainos oder litauische Volkslieder“ (1825) von L. Rhesa. Der Katalog ergänzt unsere Kenntnisse über die Bedeutung der litauischsprachigen Veröffentlichungen in privaten Bibliotheken von Wissenschaftlern des 19. Jahrhunderts sowie über die Wege ihrer Verbreitung in europäischen Ländern. Die Kenntnis des Wirkens von Professor P. von Bohlen hilft uns, das Zusammenspiel der litauischen Kultur mit derjenigen anderer Länder besser zu verstehen.
Dirva company
Authors: Žukas Vladas
Published: December 2024

„Dirva" company, which operated during 1918-1940 in Kaunas and Marijampolė, is one of the most renowned publishing houses of the Republic of Lithuania. Adomas Dundzila and Bronius Širutis were the founders and owners of the company. It had a publishing house and a printing house in Marijampolė, as well as bookshops in Marijampolė, Kaunas, and from 1939, in Vilnius. The production of the „Dirva" company included 546 books. At different periods (e.g., 1931), the company was considered the most efficient publishing house in Lithuania.
The main areas of publishing activities for this house were: manuals for schools (24%), children's literature (about 15%), and fiction (25%). The remaining publications included academic works, popular-scientific literature, reference books, musical scores, and fine art editions. Original books were predominant, with the company publishing over one hundred author books.
„Dirva" contributed significantly to the development of typographic and artistic culture in Lithuanian book publishing (through its printing house) and book distribution (through its bookshops). The proprietors of the company managed to achieve a synthesis of commercial and cultural activities. In July-September 1940, the printing house (estimated at 750,000 litas) and bookshops were nationalized.
Children's book publication in Lithuania in 1940-1955
Authors: Mozūraitė Vita
Published: December 2024

The State Publishing House of the Lithuanian SSR and some private publishing houses published children's books during the period from June 1940 until June 1941. They published 49 children’s books in 277,500 copies. During the German occupation, children's books were published in Moscow, where the State Publishing House operated, and some were published in Lithuania. After the end of the war in 1945, new publishing houses were established in Lithuania, and all of them published books for children.
The majority of children's books were published by the State Publishing House of Fiction Literature. During eleven years, 588 children’s books were published in 9,345,400 copies. Fiction books accounted for 85.9% of that number.
Censorship, a shortage of translators and editors, and difficulties with publishing hindered the production of children's books. Initially, their prices were very high, but from 1949 onwards, they began to decrease. Often, publication was delayed due to a shortage of illustrators for children's books or due to unsatisfactory work by illustrators. A Section of Children's Literature and a Commission of Illustrators were created in the Union of Writers and at the State Publishing House of Fiction Literature to improve the publication of children's books. The average number of children’s books published increased 2.5 times from 1945 to 1955.
Lietuvos kultūros veikėjų laiškai E. Jagomastui
Authors: Dėdienė Laima
Published: December 2024

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Chronicle
Authors: Kastanauskaitė Danutė
Published: December 2024

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Žaismo vaidmuo didinant skirtingo amžiaus lankytojų įsitraukimą kultūros paveldo muziejuose
Authors:   , Jovaišaitė-Blaževičienė Indrė
Published: December 2024

Disertacijoje nagrinėjamas žaismo vaidmuo įtraukiant įvairaus amžiaus lankytojus į kultūros paveldo ekspozicijas, pabrėžiant laisvo pasirinkimo principą. Literatūros apžvalga atskleidžia nestruktūruotą žaismo pobūdį, kuris apima fizinius, emocinius, socialinius ir kognityvinius veiksmus, prisidedančius prie auditorijos įtraukimo. Kartu išryškinamas muzeologijos lauke aktuali žaismo ir žaidimo sampratų bei terminologijos takoskyra ir sąsajos su lankytojų įsitraukimu. Remiantis Gregory Bateson žaismo metakomunikacijos ir Albert Bandura socialinio mokymosi teorijomis tyrime atskleidžiama, kaip elgsenos pavyzdžiai perduodami tarp skirtingo amžiaus lankytojų ir taip formuojama mokymosi bei pažinimo aplinka. Žaismas parodomas kaip veiksmingas kultūros paveldo perteikimo metodas, gerinantis lankytojų patirtį ir įsitraukimą į muziejaus turinį bei padedantis kurti prasmes..Disertacijos empiriniame tyrime išskiriamos šešios įsitraukimo formos (fizinis, emocinis, socialinis, socialinio mokymosi, paramos ir pažintinis) ir parodoma, kad žaidimas skatina kelių lygių sąveiką su eksponatais. Tyrimas kartu išryškina tiesioginį ir netiesioginį žaismo poveikį individualiai elgsenai bei socialinėms sąveikoms, atskleisdamas žaismo proceso kompleksiškumą.
Epigenetinių ir kitų molekulinių veiksnių reikšmė endometriumo stromos ląstelių funkcijoms
Authors:   , Žukauskaitė Deimantė
Published: December 2024

Nevaisingumas paliečia apie 10 – 15 % vaisingo amžiaus porų visame pasaulyje. Sėkminga embriono implantacija priklauso ne tik nuo embriono kokybės, bet ir nuo gimdos vidinės gleivinės – endometriumo, pasirengimo būsenos. Disertacijos rengimo metu buvo analizuojami endometriumo stromos ląstelių (ESL) epigenetinių ir kitų molekulinių veiksnių pokyčiai decidualizacijos ir atsako į embriono sekretuojamą veiksnį – chorioninį gonadotropiną (hCG), metu. Nustatyta, kad H4hyperAc lygis specifiškai padidėja su decidualizacija susijusių genų (WNT4, HAND2, STAT5A) promotoriaus srityse, o DNR metilinimo lygis šiuose regionuose išlieka nepakitęs. Taip pat patvirtinome, kad po gilaus užšaldymo atšildyto endometriumo audinio išskirtų ESL pagrindinės mezenchiminių stromos ląstelių charakteristikos nėra pakitusios. Tačiau šiose ląstelėse aptikti DNR metilinimo lygio ir šią modifikaciją reguliuojančių veiksnių (DNR metiltransferazių) pokyčiai. Tyrimo metu nustatyta, kad hCG poveikis sustiprina endometriumo funkcionavimą užtikrinančius procesus, padidindamas H3K27Ac kiekį su decidualizacija (FOXO1) ir implantacija (HOXA10, HAND2) susijusių genų srityse bei ESL sekretuojamų užląstelinių pūslelių miRNR kiekio pokyčius. Vertinant molekulinių veiksnių pokyčius ESL decidualizacijos metu nustatyta šių pokyčių svarba endometriumo fiziologiniams ir patologiniams procesams, o tai įgalina identifikuoti nevaisingumo diagnostikos ir gydymo strategijas.
Nanodalelių genotoksinio poveikio ir jų patekimo į žmogaus periferinio kraujo vienbranduoles ląsteles įvertinimas
Authors:   , Babonaitė Milda
Published: December 2024

Nanodalelės (ND) – tai natūralios arba antropogeninės kilmės medžiaga, kurios vienas arba daugiau išorinių matmenų yra 1–100 nm dydžio. Dėl mažo dydžio ND gali pasižymėti neįprastomis fizikinėmis ir cheminėmis savybėmis, nebūdingomis mikro- ir makroskopinio dydžio atitikmenims. Dėl šios priežasties, atsiranda vis daugiau antropogeninės kilmės ND, kurios yra kuriamos ir pritaikomos įvairiose srityse: medicinoje, technologijose ir pramonėje. Atsižvelgiant į tai, kad ir toliau bus stebimas eksponentinis ND sintezės augimas, tai kelia nerimą dėl galimo neigiamo ND poveikio gyviems organizmams. Šiame darbe buvo ištirtas 11-os skirtingų tipų ND citotoksiškumas ir genotoksiškumas. Tyrimai buvo atlikti su žmogaus periferinio kraujo vienbranduolėmis ląstelėmis, naudojant skirtingus genotoksiškumo testus, kuriais buvo identifikuojamas platus spektras DNR pažaidų. Remiantis gautais rezultatais buvo nustatyti trys skirtingi ND sukeliamo genotoksiškumo mechanizmai. Po efektyvios internalizacijos ND (Co3O4-, Al2O3- ir PS-ND), indukuojančios reaktyvių deguonies formų (ROS) susidarymą , sukėlė ne tik pirmines DNR pažaidas, bet ir reikšmingą chromosomų pažaidų susidarymą, o ND (PVP-Ag, SiO2- ND), neindukavusios ROS susidarymo, sukėlė tik DNR trūkius. Tyrimais taip pat nustatyta, kad ND internalizacija ir ROS indukcija gali būti ribota (Au-ND), tačiau jos vistiek gali indukuoti statistiškai reikšmingą pirminių DNR pažaidų kiekio augimą. Šio darbo rezultatai liudija apie kompleksinių tyrimų panaudojimo svarbą nanogenotoksikologijoje, suteikia tiek teorinių įžvalgų apie ND sukeliamo genotoksiškumo mechanizmus, tiek gali prisidėti prie naujų rekomendacijų tyrimams su ND kūrimo.
ORE-BEARING OF THE VOVCHANSK ZIRCON-RUTIL-ILMENITE DEPOSIT
Authors:   Institute of Geological Sciences of the NAS of Ukraine, Ganzha O.A. , Kovalchuk M.S. ,   Institute of Geological Sciences of the NAS of Ukraine, Kroshko Yu.V. ,   Institute of Geological Sciences of the NAS of Ukraine
Published: December 2024

The geological structure of the Vovchansk zircon-rutile-ilmenite deposit, which is located on the border of the Synelnikivskiy and Vovchanskiy ledges of the Ukrainian shield and the Dnipro-Donets depression, is briefly considered. Zircon-rutile- ilmenite mineralization is localized in deposits of the middle and upper parts of the Neogene (Middle Sarmatian formation), formed in a coastal-marine facies setting. Deposits are represented by fine-grained, essentially quartz sands. The lateral distribution of the increased average content of ilmenite, rutile, sillimanite, and zircon has a northwest-southeast trend in the form of a strip. The average content of ilmenite is 1.8-345.9 kg/m3; rutile — 0.8-115.3 kg/m3; sillimanite — 0.7-328 kg/m3; zircon — 0.0-95.4 kg/m3; collective concentrate — 11.1-939 kg/m3. On the basis of production reports, an attributive database (coordinates, description and test results of wells) of 673 wells was created. The created database became the basis for cartographic constructions (isopachyte of ore sands, lateral distribution of the average content of ilmenite, rutile, sillimanite, zircon, collective mineral concentrate, distribution of mineral content in the vertical cross-section of wells, distribution of thickness and average mineral content along a given line) and research of spatial distribution of ilmenite, rutile, sillimanite and zircon content in productive sands. Correlation analysis revealed the direction and strength of correlations between the mineral content and between the mineral content and the thickness of productive sands.
The Implementation of Cake Applications to Improve Students’ Speaking Skills
Authors: Fadila Amelia Nurul , Aminuddin Muhammad , Ali Hapid
Published: December 2024

This study aims to find out the students' speaking skills before and after using the Cake Application and the significant difference before and after using the Cake Application on their students' speaking skills. A quantitative method with a pre-experimental design was used in this research. The research was conducted at MAN 1 Karawang which consisted of 25 students as the sample in the tenth-grade class. Pre-test and post-test were part of the six sessions that the research was conducted. The research findings demonstrated that using the Cake Application media significantly improved the students' speaking skills. The pre-test result was 42.24 on average; the maximum score was 68, and the lowest was 32. The average post-test score was 66.72; the top score from the post-test was 100, and the lowest score was 52. In contrast, the speaking scores of the students were higher in the post-test than in the pre-test. In the average N-gain score, it showed that students' speaking skills improved to a medium level of 0,44. Based on research data, using the Cake Application media significantly improved students' speaking skills. The study offers teachers and future researchers as reference materials for using the Cake Applications media in speaking skilss.
Development of Mathematics Learning Tools Using Problem Based Learning Model to Improve Problem Solving Skills and Learning Motivation
Authors: Nasution Irma Yani Lidia , Mulyono Mulyono , Surya Edy
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini menguji validitas, kepraktisan, efikasi, dan motivasi model pembelajaran berbasis masalah pada salah SMP Negeri di Kabupaten Mandailing Natal untuk meningkatkan keterampilan pemecahan masalah siswa. Penelitian dan pengembangan digunakan dalam penyelidikan ini. Model pengembangan bersifat empat dimensi. Siswa Kelas VIII Connection berpartisipasi. Metodologi pembelajaran berbasis masalah menghasilkan produk perangkat pembelajaran dari penyelidikan ini. Setelah pemeriksaan, modifikasi, dan validasi oleh para profesional dan praktisi, produk ini cocok untuk siswa kelas VIII SPLDV. Penggunaan praktis teknologi pembelajaran berbasis masalah. Penerapan keterampilan pemecahan masalah pembelajaran dan motivasi belajar siswa memenuhi persyaratan praktis. Gadget pembelajaran berbasis masalah yang meningkatkan pemecahan masalah matematika dan motivasi siswa memenuhi persyaratan berhasil. Nilai rata-rata N-gain yang sederhana pada uji coba I dan uji coba II sebesar 0,40 dan 0,587 menunjukkan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran berbasis masalah meningkatkan pemecahan masalah matematika. Setelah menggunakan paradigma Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah berbasis indikator, motivasi siswa meningkat pada uji coba I dan I.
Evaluation of active components and pharmacological activities by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS and network pharmacology in Lentinula edodes and Lyophyllum decastes
Authors: Zhang Yingnan , Ma Gaoxing , Pei Fei , Ma Ning , Su Anxiang , Hu Qiuhui , Wang Meng
Published: December 2024

Lentinula edodes (L. edodes) is a premium edible fungus cultivated extensively throughout China, and Lyophyllum decastes (L. decastes) is a wild edible fungus with a high degree of industrial-level cultivation in China. Regarding the edible value of the two fungi, research on their medicinal properties is relatively scarce. In this study, we utilized ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole and time-of-flight mass spectrometry to analyze comprehensively the chemical composition of both fungi. In all, 120 and 144 chemical components were identified in L. edodes and L. decastes, respectively. Subsequently, we elaborated active components, potential biological activities, and therapeutic targets associated with both fungi by using network pharmacology. The results showed that seven active components in L. edodes and nine active components in L. decastes could act on common targets, such as AKT serine/threonine kinase1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, thereby regulating signaling pathways, such as epidermal growth factor receptor and mitogen-activated protein kinase, to affect the body. In addition, these components affect immune regulation and inhibition of liver cancer. Finally, we used cell experiments to verify their activities. Our findings provided a reliable foundation for future research aimed at harnessing the bioactivities of L. edodes and L. decastes, thereby offering novel strategies for their utilization in the field of functional foods and natural medicine.
Lead “Contamination / Ligature” Threshold Evaluation in Copper-Based Alloys of the Golden Horde Monuments from the Lower Volga Region
Authors: Kovaleva Kseniya
Published: December 2024

The article presents a study of the Golden Horde copper-based alloys to evaluate the threshold that would allow separating contaminated copper and purposefully alloyed with lead. Being a component of some types of ores, lead passed into insufficiently purified dry copper. The lead content can be overestimated in the surface corroded layer and incorrectly recorded during the analytical study of the metal composition. Thus, the contamination threshold, set for other metals at 1%, should additionally be specified for lead. Lead physical properties determine its effect on alloys of which it is a component. Its additive improves copper casting alloys properties, but in general, lead is a harmful impurity, since it contributes to the appearance of brittleness during hot forging. According to written sources, copper unrefined from lead and alloys with lead had limited application and were used for casting medium- and large-sized utensils. A study of 647 copper and copper-based alloy utensil showed that unrefined contaminated copper and its alloys with tin and zinc with a 2–3% average lead content were used for forging in addition to refined copper during the Golden Horde period in the Lower Volga region. Tin bronze and triple, multicoponent bronzes with a 3.5% average lead content were the main casting alloys. Alloys with medium and high lead content (Pb > 10) were used to a limited extent mainly for casting mass-produced objects such as belt fittings, mirrors, connecting rings, etc. It is assumed that in these cases, lead based improver had both technological benefits aimed at improving casting properties, and economic ones, reducing metal production costs. The threshold higher than 2.5–3% of the lead can be considered artificially additions in the Golden Horde alloys of the Lower Volga since these concentrations are stably recorded in forged metal that was not artificially alloyed.
Intersectional pedagogy in nursing education
Authors: MANZONI-DE-ALMEIDA Daniel , MARZIN-JANVIER Patrícia , GIMENEZ CAMARGO Patrícia
Published: December 2024

Le thème de l’infection par le virus du VIH/SIDA dans les cours d’immunologie n’est encore traité que sous l’angle du contenu biologique. Cependant, cette question englobe une variété de thèmes qui passent par des dimensions sociales, politiques et scientifiques qui sont importantes dans les processus d’enseignement-apprentissage, et dans la formation et la culture scientifique des professionnels de la santé dans une perspective d’éducation scientifique de transformation sociale contre les préjugés. Ici, nous construisons et étudions une séquence d’enseignement par apprentissage par problèmes (APP) sur le VIH/SIDA pour l’expérience des étudiants avec une pédagogie critique et intersectionnelle dans les classes d’immunologie. L’analyse des résultats a montré que les étudiants universitaires du cours de santé ont mobilisé d’importantes connaissances sociales et scientifiques ainsi que des pratiques épistémiques spécifiques lorsqu’ils ont réalisé l’apprentissage par problèmes en ligne. En conclusion, notre étude a mis en évidence une perspective d’enseignement intersectionnel et scientifique de l’immunologie pour les cours d’immunologie dans le cadre de la formation des professionnels de la santé.
ON EQUATIONS IN FREE GROUPS WITH COMMUTANT RESTRICTIONS ON SOLUTIONS
Authors:   Yaroslavl State University, Zetkina A. I.
Published: December 2024

A polynomial algorithm has been constructed that allows, given an arbitrary equation of the form w(x1, . . . , xn) = [a, b], resolved with respect to unknowns, where w(x1, . . . , xn) is a group word in the alphabet of unknowns and [a, b] is the commutator of free generators a and b of the free group F2, to determine whether there is a solution to this equation that satisfies the condition x1 . . . , xn ∈ F (1) 2 , where F (1) 2 is the commutator of group F2. The existence of a polynomial algorithm has been established that allows, given an arbitrary equation of the form w(x1, . . . , xn) = g(a, b), where g(a, b) is an element of length less than 4 of the free group F2, to determine whether a solution to this equation exists, that satisfies the condition x1, . . . , xt ∈ F (1) 2 , where t is an arbitrary fixed number between 1 and n. The algorithmic solvability of a similar problem has been proven for the equations w(x1, a, b) = 1 with one variable x1.
MULTIPLICATIVE RESIDUE SEMIGROUPS WITH PLANAR CAYLEY GRAPHS
Authors:   Omsk State Pedagogical University, Knyazev O. V. , Solomatin D. V. ,   Omsk State Pedagogical University
Published: December 2024

We study multiplicative residue semigroups that admit planar Cayley graphs. It is proved that the multiplicative semigroup of the residue ring Zn admits a planar Cayley graph if and only if n = 4, 6, 8 or n is a prime number. Examples of minimal systems of generators of multiplicative residue semigroups with respect to some modules and their Cayley graphs are given, illustrating the obtained results.
ORTHOMORPHISMS OF GROUPS WITH MINIMAL POSSIBLE PAIRWISE DISTANCES
Authors:   TVP Laboratory, Spiridonov S. V.
Published: December 2024

Orthomorphisms of groups, which are at the minimum possible distance from each other according to the Cayley metric are studied. A class of transformations is described that map an arbitrary given orthomorphism into the set of all orthomorphisms that are at the minimum possible Cayley distance of two from the original. Using the spectral-difference method for constructing substitutions over the generalized quaternion group Q4n, where 4n = 2t (t = 4, . . . , 8), orthomorphisms with values of difference characteristics close to optimal have been found.
FORCING FUTURE PUBLIC EPHEMERAL KEYS TO ATTACK AUTHENTICATED KEY ESTABLISHMENT PROTOCOLS
Authors:   CryptoPro LLC, Alekseev E. K. , Kyazhin S. N. ,   CryptoPro LLC, Smyshlyaev S. V. ,   CryptoPro LLC
Published: December 2024

This paper studies the security of the authenticated key establishment protocols against the adversary who has the capability to force the participants to use of ephemeral public values. The paper substantiates the relevance of considering this capability, describes, in particular, attacks on the SIGMA, SIGMA-R, STS-MAC, Echinacea-3 protocols and the post-quantum BKM-KK protocol, and discusses the design features of protocols that allow to protect against attacks of this type.