bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aging impairs recovery from stress-induced depression in rats possibly by alteration of microRNA-101 expression and Rac1/RhoA pathway in the prefrontal cortex
Authors: Ghaffari-Nasab Arshad , Javani Gonja , Mohaddes Gisou , Alipour Mohammad Reza
Published: April 2023

Along with altering brain responses to stress, aging may also impair recovery from depression symptoms. In the present study, we investigated depressive-like behaviors in young and aged rats and assayed the levels of microRNA-101 (miR-101), Rac1/RhoA, PSD-95, and GluR1 in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) after stress cessation and after a recovery period. Young (3 months old) and aged (22 months old) male Wistar rats were divided into six groups; Young control (YNG), young rats received chronic stress for four weeks (YNG+CS), young rats received chronic stress for four weeks followed by a 6-week recovery period (YNG+CS+REC), Aged control (AGED), aged rats received chronic stress for four weeks (AGED+CS), and aged rats received chronic stress for four weeks followed by a 6-week recovery period (AGED+CS+REC). Stress-induced depression, evaluated by the sucrose preference test (SPT) and forced swimming test (FST), was yet observed after the recovery period in aged but not in young rats, which were accompanied by unchanged levels of miR-101, Rac1/RhoA, GluR1, and PSD-95 in the PFC of aged rats. These data suggested that impaired synaptic plasticity of glutamatergic synapses via the miR-101/Rac1/RhoA pathway may contribute to the delayed behavioral recovery after stress exposure observed in aging animals.
Lightwave-controlled band engineering in quantum materials
Authors: Biswas Shubhadeep , Mitra Sambit , Jimenez-Galan Alvaro , Neuhaus Marcel , Silva Rui , Pervak Vladimir , Kling Matthias
Published: April 2023

In recent years, the stacking and twisting of atom-thin structures with matching crystal symmetry has provided a unique handle to create new superlattice structures where new properties emerge1,2. In parallel, control over the temporal characteristics of strong light fields has allowed to manipulate coherent electron transport in such atom-thin structures on sub-laser-cycle timescales3,4. Here, we demonstrate a tailored lightwave-driven analogue to twisted layer stacking. Tailoring the spatial symmetry of the light waveform to that of the lattice of a hexagonal boron nitride monolayer, and twisting this waveform results in optical control of time-reversal symmetry breaking5, and the realization of the topological model of Haldane6,7 in the laser-dressed 2D insulating crystal. Further, the parameters of the effective Haldane-type Hamiltonian are controlled by the rotating light waveform, enabling ultrafast switching between band structure configurations and unprecedented control over the magnitude, location, and curvature of the band gap. A resultant asymmetric population at complementary quantum valleys leads to a measurable valley Hall current8, detected via optical harmonic polarimetry. The universality and robustness of our scheme opens the way to band engineering on the fly, unlocking the possibility to create few-femtosecond switches of quantum degrees of freedom.
Can we Debunk Disinformation by Leveraging SpeakerCredibility and Perplexity Measures?
Authors: Khilji Abdullah Faiz Ur Rahman , Sachan Anubhav , Lachi Divyansha , Singh Apoorva Vikram , Singh Thoudam Doren
Published: April 2023

In the present age, fighting disinformation is the main concern after pan-demic. The exponential growth of fake news and its role in deteriorating generalpublic trust and democratic standards certainly calls for counter-combat approaches.The prediction of chances of news to be fake is deemed to be a hard task since mostdeceptive news has its roots in trustworthy news. Influential fake news can be createdwith a minor fabrication in legitimate news that can be used for political, entertain-ment or business-related gains. This work provides an approach to segregate newsinto real and fake exploiting data from multiple sources. Bidirectional Encoder Rep-resentations from Transformers (BERT) is deployed to develop deep learning modelsin order to capture the contextual information present in the data. The proposed modelalso incorporate the speaker profile and the associated credibility in order to improve the performance based on a hybrid sequence encoding model. The model outper-formed the previous state-of-the-art benchmark of the LIAR dataset. This attests therole of the speaker profile and credibility in predicting the validity of news. Addition-ally, leveraging perplexity scores based on BERT and GPT-2 embeddings can help todetermine the legitimacy of the source of fake news on the NELA-GT dataset.
Bioaccumulation of Titanium in diatom Cyclotella atomus Hust
Authors: Elumalai Sanniyasi , Tarani Thirumurugan , Vishali Mahendran , Gopal Rajesh Kanna , Rajesh Damodharan
Published: April 2023

Diatoms are unique photoautotrophic microalgae, in which the outer cell wall is composed of a silicified skeletal structure called frustules. These microalgae have relatively higher generation times and growth rates than other groups of microalgae. An interesting feature is that the diatom can accumulate a greater volume of heavy metals in its frustule, and have some specialized proteins and enzymes for detoxification of heavy metals. In the present study, a centric diatom was isolated from the Adyar River, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, and morphologically identified as Cyclotella atomus Hust. Based on the bioaccumulation study on the treatment with TiO2 with culturing the diatom Cyclotella atomus and SEM-EDAX analysis it has resulted that, the Ti accumulated on the frustules of the diatom. Therefore, biogenic accumulation and fabrication of Titanium frustules in diatom have advantages in enhancing the efficiency of solar cells.
Non-radial ground state solutions for fractional Schrödinger–Poisson systems in R2
Authors: Che Guofeng , Sun Juntao , Wu Tsung-fang
Published: April 2023

Note: Please see pdf for full abstract with equations.
In this paper, we study the fractional Schrödinger–Poisson system with general nonlinearity as follows:
(−∆)su + u + l(x)φu = ƒ(u) in R2,
(−∆)tφ = l(x)u2 in R2,
where 1/2 < t ≤ s < 1, the potential l ∈ C(R2, R+) and the nonlinearity ƒ ∈ C(R, R) does not require the classical (AR)-condition. When l(x) ≡ µ > 0 is a parameter, by establishing new estimates for the fractional Laplacian, we find two positive solutions, depending on the range of µ. As a result, a positive ground state solution with negative energy exists for the non-autonomous system without any symmetry on l(x). When l(x) is radially symmetric, we show that the symmetry breaking phenomenon can occur, and that a non-radial ground state solution with negative energy exists. Furthermore, under additional assumptions on l(x), three positive solutions are found. The intrinsic differences between the planar SP system and the planar fSP system are analyzed.
Resonant tunneling of electrons in biased symmetric triangular double barrier nanostructure triodes
Authors: Elabsy Abdelsalam , Attia Mohamed
Published: April 2023

The present work investigates the resonant tunneling of electrons in symmetric triangular double barrier triodes composed of GaAs-Ga1-xAlxAs nanostructures under a step bias voltage. This work employs the complex energy method to compute the resonant tunneling energy and the associated lifetimes. In the mathematical analysis of this work, the matching conditions are taken at specific points on both lateral sides of the triangular barrier. Results showed decreasing the resonant tunneling energies for both the lowest and excited states by applying step bias voltage and disappearing the lowest energy states at a specific applied bias voltage. The resonant tunneling lifetimes of the present structure exhibited nearly constant behavior at constant values of both well half-width and barrier half-thickness although the enhancement of the bias voltage. Moreover, the lifetimes of both the lowest and excited states increased nearly linearly and overlapped at a specific bias voltage, after which the lifetime of the excited state enhanced parabolically. The results showed considerable agreement with the data published in the literature for both magnitude and tendency. The present work highlights the importance of employing the mass-mismatch condition in studying heterostructures. It is found from the present study that resonant tunneling energies and their related lifetimes are more affected by the variations of the aluminum concentration in the barrier region, barrier thickness, and well width, which can be adjusted to improve the performance of the resonant tunneling triangular triodes and other nanostructure devices.
rMSIfragment: Improving MALDI-MSI Lipidomics through Automated In-Source Fragment Annotation
Authors: Baquer Gerard , Sementé Lluc , Ràfols Pere , Martín-Saiz Lucía , Bookmeyer Christoph , Fernández José A. , Correig Xavier , García-Altares María
Published: April 2023

Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging (MALDI-MSI) spatially resolves the chemical composition of tissues. Lipids are of particular interest, as they influence important biological processes in health and disease. However, the identification of lipids in MALDI-MSI remains a challenge due to the lack of chromatographic separation or untargeted tandem mass spectrometry. Recent studies have proposed the use of MALDI in-source fragmentation to infer structural information and aid identification. Here we present rMSIfragment, an open-source R package that exploits known adducts and fragmentation pathways to confidently annotate lipids in MALDI-MSI. The annotations are ranked using a novel score that demonstrates an area under the curve of 0.7 in ROC analyses using HPLC-MS and Target-Decoy validations. rMSIfragment applies to multiple MALDI-MSI sample types and experimental setups. Finally, we demonstrate that overlooking in-source fragments increases the number of incorrect annotations. Annotation tools should consider in-source fragmentation such as rMSIfragment to increase annotation confidence and reduce the number of false positives.
Children in Times of a Pandemic – Do Parents More Frequently Believe in Rumors and Fake News on Social Media?
Authors: Kempkens O. H.
Published: April 2023

Crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic affect people’s behavior, since most people react with fear and fear-related behavior. In these days, social media is used by many people all over the world and thus, people as well as public and private organizations and groups actively share, post and comment messages on social media. In this way, many people can be reached in a very short time. However, not all posts on social media can be defined as a credible news. On one hand, many people, groups and organizations make use of social media to spread rumors and fakes and on the other hand, many people believe in rumors and fakes spread on social media. For many people, differentiating between news and fakes is not easy. In this context, the present article uses the quantitative data collection method to investigate whether parents in the Federal Republic of Germany do more frequently believe in rumors and fake news on social media than childless people do. The results show that people with one or more children under the age of twelve do more frequently believe in fakes, i.e. that COVID-19 vaccination changes the genetic material, than childless people do.
Communicative Perfectionist Strategy in the Representation of Industrial Companies Performance
Authors: Filyasova Yu. A.
Published: April 2023

The article considers verbal elements of perfectionism as a communicative strategy of promotional discourse in annual reports of large industrial companies for the representation of outstanding company performance aimed at developing a positive public image. A sampling of 2882 contextual occurrences of keywords with the perfectionist semantics served as the material for the research (best, maximum, high, improvement, increase, increase, growth). The keywords characterized inherent corporate activities. Research methods – statistical sampling and content analysis. According to the obtained results, perfectionism penetrates through the key company activities – production of high quality products, socially responsible corporate governance, improvement of financial management, implementation of best practices for the use of energy resources, increase in personnel involvement by means of effective monetary compensation and nonmonetary benefits, ensuring a high level of social protection for employees. Less numerous data were obtained in business process management, health, safety and environmental protection, digital technologies. Perfectionism in annual reports accentuates needs and interests of the target audience – high quality products, social well-being, including customers, investors, stakeholders, employees, and citizens of presence regions.
The Value of Communication Consulting for Public Authorities
Authors: Zaryanova A. S.
Published: April 2023

The system of communication management of public authorities faces the task create and support a positive image in order to increase the index of citizens’ trust in the government institution of the country as a whole. Due to the of problems related to the lack of control of information flows and a low level of trust in public authorities, the successful completion of this task it is not always possible through internal human and expert resources. In solving such problems, it is important to involve external consultants who, using the expertise and experience, should increase the effectiveness and ensure the effectiveness of communication solutions. In this paper, the author actualises the importance of the use of communication consulting for public authorities, and draws out the key communication problems of the institution together with the applied tools of communication consulting.
ESG Agenda: New Reality for Russian Ferrous Metallurgy Enterprises in Time of the Geopolitical Crisis
Authors: Glushakova Olga , Chernikova Oksana
Published: April 2023

The article examines the conditions for the implementation of the ESG agenda in Russian ferrous metallurgy enterprises during the global geopolitical crisis. The subject is the condition of the largest Russian ferrous metallurgy enterprises under US and EU sanctions. The goal is to study the relevance and capability for the implementation of the ESG principies by the largest Russian ferrous metallurgy enterprises. The research uses methods of analysis, synthesis, comparison; descriptive, table methods. The sanctions have had a significant impact on the carbon-intensive sectors of the national economy, including the ferrous metallurgy industry. Even before the events of February 2022, the promotion of ESG principles at the international level was used as an instrument of political and economic pressure. Despite the efforts of Russian iron and steel producers, the amount of CO2 equivalent emissions is largely determined by economic, political, and other factors. For the successful implementation of the ESG agenda, it is necessary to radically restructure the technological chains of steel production, which requires financial support from the state. In addition to reorientation to the Asian market and the countries of the Middle East, it is necessary to conduct ESG assessments of Russian ferrous metallurgy enterprises. However, most likely, the results of the assessments of domestic ESG providers, will not be in demand.
Features of Territorial Administration System in Russian Federation: National Projects and Municipal Instruments
Authors: Konischev Evgeniy
Published: April 2023

The article analyses national projects as a key element of the Russian territorial administration system and reviews management tools of regional and municipal executive authorities. The object of research is a system of territorial management. The subject is the peculiarities of the program and municipal methods application in a territorial management system. The goal is to determine the nature of the territorial administration system transformations and the role of municipal instruments in it. The authors use methods of systematic historical and institutional analysis. After systemic transformations, national projects are adapting to new economic and political conditions. Municipal instruments are relevant measures that have not yet been applied at the federal level, or have been applied to a limited extent. Regional or municipal authorities independently develop measures to improve management processes, which can later be applied at the federal level. Often such initiatives are designed to promote government transparency, establish communication channels between the state and society, optimize the interdepartmental interaction, improve the state institutions' tools of information and data management, etc. The key disadvantage is differences in the results due to lack of a unified approach to their application.
Regional Political Culture of Russian Federation National Subjects: The Classification Problem
Authors: Matveeva Elena , Alagoz Nataly , Sat Aliya
Published: April 2023

The article considers political culture of the national regions in Russia as part of the all-Russian political culture. The authors examine existing typologies of political culture as a scientific tool for the study of national regions. The goal is to identify typologies applicable to the analysis of regional political culture and capable of explaining the dynamics of the national regions’ development. The methods used are systematic, comparative, and typological approach, G. Almond and S. Verba’s explanatory scientific paradigm of the political culture. The parochial-subject type of political culture, which combines clan values with passive political participation, reflects the modern socio-political reality in national regions. The political culture of national regions develops based on the peculiarities of Russian statehood. Among the modern political culture typologies, most suitable for the study of national regions are G. Almond and S. Verba’s parochial-subject type of political culture as well as W. Rosenbaum’s integrated political culture type.
Growth Monitoring and Promotion and Index Development for Improved Child Health: A Scoping Review Using Rodgers Concept Analysis Framework
Authors: Moyo Shamiso Alice , Mashau Ntsieni Stella , Makhado Lufuno
Published: April 2023

Purpose:

The purpose of this scoping literature review is to explore the breadth of the available literature, and identify knowledge gaps to inform future research through the use of Rodgers evolutionary concept analysis framework. The literature review also seeks to describe the key child indices developed and their characteristics so as to guide the development of a GMP index for improved child health in Zimbabwe.

Methods:

The keywords growth monitoring and promotion, community health workers, caregivers of children under five years, child health indices, and index development were used to search for relevant literature from Science Direct, Google Scholar, EBSCO, and PUBMED databases in English. The initial electronic database search yielded 535 research articles, and 316 were further assessed for their relevance to the study. An additional 140 articles were excluded from the search as they did not contain adequate evidence as per the Rodgers Evolutionary Framework. After the full-text review, 80 articles out of 220 articles met the inclusion criteria. Those found to be suitable were 25 articles and were thus included in the final analysis.

Results:

Key Antecedents: distance and socio-cultural constraints, CHW activeness, participation of fathers in GMP activities, poor understanding and interpretation of growth charts, poor communication between caregivers and CHWs, full vaccination status and complacency; Attributes: education status of parents, knowledge, attitude, and practices of caregivers and Consequences: timely health interventions, improved child health outcomes, a platform to promote optimal child health practices of GMP activities were identified.

Conclusion:

More research needs to be explored to form indices that incorporate behaviour change metrics. This will lead to an increased evidence base to guide the health system, funders, and policy makers conclusively.
ПАТОФОЗІОЛОГІЧНИЙ ЗВ’ЯЗОК РОЗВИТКУ КОРОНАВІРУСНОЇ ХВОРОБИ, ЗАХВОРЮВАНЬ ТКАНИН ПАРОДОНТУ ТА ЦУКРОВОГО ДІАБЕТУ НА ОСНОВІ АНАЛІЗУ ДАНИХ СУЧАСНОЇ ЛІТЕРАТУРИ
Authors: О.О. Бугерчук  , М.М. Рожко  , Т.І., Матвійків  , О. В. Бугерчук
Published: April 2023

Наприкінці 2019 року світ заполонила пандемія вірусу SARS-CoV-2, що змусила мільярди людей навчитись жити в світі, повному нових правил та обмежень. Від початку пандемії лікарі навчались боротись з цим вірусом, а згодом – вивчати та боротись з наслідками та ускладеннями даної хвороби. Відомо, що у більшості інфікованих, особливо в молодому віці, захворювання має легший перебіг, порівняно з особами старшого віку. У деяких пацієнтів захворювання швидко прогресує та розвиваються різноманітні ускладнення. Тому раннє виявлення та своєчасне лікування критичних випадків має вирішальне значення. Метою дослідження було проаналізувати патофізіологічний зв’язок між COVID-19, цукровим діабе- том та захворюванням тканин пародонту, опираючись на досвід іноземних фахівців згідно огляду сучасних літературних джерел.

Ключові слова: COVID-19, цукровий діабет, пародонтит, АПФ-2.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ РЕМОДЕЛЮВАННЯ МІОКАРДА, ВЕГЕТАТИВНОЇ РЕГУЛЯЦІЇ ТА ПСИХОСОМАТИЧНИЙ СТАТУС У ХВОРИХ ІЗ РІЗНИМИ ФЕНОТИПАМИ СЕРЦЕВОЇ НЕДОСТАТНОСТІ ТА ФІБРИЛЯЦІЄЮ ПЕРЕДСЕРДЬ
Authors: Н.М. Кулаєць
Published: April 2023

З метою обґрунтування особливостей ремоделювання міокарда, про- водили вивчення параметрів ехокардіографії серця, стану вегетативної регуляції, психосоматичного статусу у хворих з різними формами фібриляції передсердь. Обстежено 90 хворих у віці 45-65 років. Всі па- цієнти відповідно до наявності хронічної серцевої недостатності були розподілені на групи: I група – хворі на серцеву недостатність з фібриляцією передсердь (постійна, або персистуюча форма), ( n=50). ІІ група - хворі без серцевої недостатності з фібриляцією передсердь, (n=40). III – контрольна група: 36 практично здорових осіб. Усім хворим проводили електрокардіографію, ехокардіографію, холтерівське моніторування ЕКГ, визначення варіабельності ритму серця, психологічне тестування. Згідно результатів дослідження встановлено, що наявність фібриляції передсердь навіть без вираженої структурної патології серця, ознак серцевої недостатності є фактором, що погіршує часові та спектральні показники варіабельності серцевого ритму: достовірно знижуються показники симпато-парасимпатичної модуляції, парасимпатичної активності. У хворих із хронічною серцевою недостатністю і фібриляцією передсердь найчастіше спостерігається дилатація лівого передсердя, збільшення кінцевого діастолічного і кінцевого систолічного розмірів, кінцевого діастолічного та кінцевого систолічного об’ємів лівого шлуночка, ударного об’єму, зниження фракції викиду, що свідчить про процеси ремоделювання міокарда. За результатами проведеного психологічного тестування у пацієнтів з хронічною серцевою недостатністю відмічається виражена особистісна і ситуаційна тривожність, підвищений рівень депресії, що є предиктором подальшого прогресування серцевої недостатності.

Ключові слова: хронічна серцева недостатність, фібриляція перед- сердь, варіабельність серцевого ритму, фракція викиду лівого шлуночка.
ТРОМБОЗ СТЕНТУ В ГОСТРОМУ ПЕРІОДІ ІНФАРКТУ МІОКАРДА: КЛІНІЧНИЙ ВИПАДОК
Authors: С. В. Федоров  , І. В. Козлова  , І.В. Мартинів  , О.С. Вербовська  , О.Ф. Совтус
Published: April 2023

Незважаючи на поступ медичної науки, ішемічна хвороба серця залишається лідером у структурі захворюваності та смертності. Упродовж останніх десятиліть головним методом лікування гострого коронарного синдрому є проведення ургентного черезшкірного коронарного втручання (ЧШКВ) з імплантацією стенту в інфаркт-залежну артерію. Одним із ускладнень у віддаленому періоді після стентування є тромбоз стенту, який негативно впливає на виживання хворих. Метою дослідження є описати клінічний випадок раннього тромбозу стенту в хворої на гострий інфаркт міокарда та проаналізувати можливі причини згаданого ускладнення після проведення процедури ЧШКВ.Описано клінічний випадок розвитку раннього тромбозу стенту після ЧШКВ у хворої на гострий інфаркт міокарда (ІМ) та проаналізовані головні причини даного ускладнення. Хвора Ш., 65 років, поступила ургентно з попереднім діагнозом гострого коронарного синдрому. На 11 день після процедури ЧШКВ загальний стан хворої погіршився – запідозрено тромбоз стенту та проведено ургентну коронароангіографію. Відповідно до класифікації Academic Research Consortium тромбоз стента поділяють відповідно до рівня підтвердження та часу розвитку події. Клінічні чинники ризику, які сприяють розвитку тромбозу поділяють на три групи: залежні від процедури та типу атеросклеротичного пошкодження; залежні від пацієнта; залежні від антитромбоцитарної терапії. Хворі на ГКС високого ризику тромбозів, яким проведене ЧШКВ шляхом стентування, потребують ретельного моніторингу в віддаленому періоді. Наявність цукрового діабету, хронічної хвороби нирок, серцевої недостатності тощо є передумовою призначення більш потентних антитромбоцитарних засобів (тикагрелор, прасугрель) у додаток до низьких доз ацетилсаліцилової кислоти в складі подвійної антитромбоцитарної терапії.

Ключові слова: гострий коронарний синдром, інфаркт міокарда, цукровий діабет, тромбоз стенту
«TIPS AND TRICS» ТУМЕСЦЕНТНОЇ АНЕСТЕЗІЇ В АМБУЛАТОРНІЙ ФЛЕБОЛОГІЧНІЙ ПРАКТИЦІ
Authors: О. Ю. Атаманюк
Published: April 2023

До відкритого, проспективного дослідження включено 236 послідовних пацієнтів з варикозною хворобою нижніх кінцівок. 124 хворим проведена ен- довенозна лазерна коагуляція варикозно змінених магістральних вен, а 112 – радіочастотна абляція. Тумесцентну анестезію проводили модифікованим розчином Klein, для введення якого використовувався диспенсер NOUVAG DP30, та голку Sterican 21 G. Іфільтрацію проводили під прямою ультраз- вуковою візуалізацією зі щвидкістю потоку на рівні 60–70 %. За результа- тами дослідження встановлено, що ефективність проведеної тумесцентної анестезії залежить від низки чинників: довжини зони абляції та середнього діаметру великої підшкірної вени і обсягу мініфлебектомії. Об’єм модифіко- ваного розчину Klein який використовувався для проведення тумесцентної анестезії склав від 390 мл до 686 мл. Пацієнти у яких лікування ВХНК прово- дили методом ЕВЛК середній показник VAS склав 2,3 (sd 1,9), для РЧА показ- ник VAS статистично не відрізнявся та складав 2,7 (sd 2,2), що очевидно є свідченням адекватність проведеної тумесценції і відсутністю негативного впливу термічної енергії на оточуючі тканини. Ускладнення тумесцентної анестезії у вигляді екхімозів спостерігались як у 24 (19,4 %) хворих лікування ВХНК яким проведено методом ЕВЛК так і у 16 (14,3 %) пацієнтів- РЧА. Врахування запропонованих особливостей проведення тумесцентної ане- стезії у амбулаторній флебологічній практиці забезпечує достатній рівень анальгезуючого ефекту під час проведення термічної абляції великої підшкір- ної вени з об’ємом використаного анестетика для ендовенозної лазерної коа- гуляції 11,82 (sd 2,84) мл/см, і 12,43 (sd 2,1) мл/см опрацьованої вени для радіо- частотної абляції та мінімізує ризики інтра і післяопераційних ускладнень.
The spectrum of pollen sensitization in children with allergic diseases living in the Rostov region
Authors: Lebedenko A. A. , Semernik O. E. , Yanchenko V. V. , Alyakhnovich N. S. , Rudyakova V. S.
Published: April 2023

Objective: to investigate the characteristics of pollen sensitization in children with established diagnoses of bronchial asthma (BA) and atopic dermatitis (AD) living in the Rostov region. Materials and methods: patients suffering from BA (n = 53), they made up the first group and patients with AD (n = 65), the second group were examined. All children underwent a comprehensive clinical and laboratory examination. Immunochemiluminescent assay by the Immulight 2000XPi analyzer was used to determine specific IgE. Results: the analysis of the obtained results showed that sensitization to tree pollen was quite often noted - at least a quarter of those examined with BA and about 20% of children with AD had elevated titers of specific IgE to these allergens. The study of the level of specific IgE to meadow grass pollen showed that in the first group an allergic reaction to pollen of bent grass (31.5%), bonfire (33.3%), timothy grass (29.6%) and fescue (28.3%) was noted more often. In the second group, elevated levels of specific IgE were registered in relation to grasses such as bent grass (31.80%), bonfire (27.7%) and timothy grass (21.5%). The highest level of sensitization in patients with respiratory manifestations of allergy was registered in relation to weed pollen: ragweed (40.7%), quinoa (22.2%) and chamomile (14.8%). Conclusion: this study made it possible to identify allergens that play the most important role in the pathogenesis of BA and AD in children living in the Rostov region.
Molecular epidemiological and clinical aspects of enterovirus infection in the south of Russia
Authors: Kovalev E. V. , Tverdokhlebova T. I. , Simovanyan E. N.
Published: April 2023

Objective: the study of molecular epidemiological and clinical aspects of EVI in the Rostov region for the period 2006-2020. to improve the disease surveillance system. Research methods: epidemiological, virological, molecular biological (PCR, sequencing, phylogenetic analysis), microbiological, statistical. Materials and methods: the analysis of medical records of 139 patients with EVI was carried out. Samples of biomaterial (feces, throat swab) from 17293 people, samples from environmental objects (2710 samples), strains of enteroviruses (EV) in the amount of 142 specimens were studied. Results: in the Rostov region until 2013. sporadic incidence of EVI prevailed with registration from 1 to 38 cases per year. June 2013 there was a sharp increase in the incidence of EVI with the formation of local foci in organized groups, associated with the circulation of a new genotype — EV 71 type of subgenotype C4 of “Chinese” origin (622 patients with EVI were registered, one death). The clinical features of the disease were determined: acute onset with manifestations of intoxication, foot and mouth disease-like syndromes, followed by the development of CNS pathology in 37.4% of patients. According to the results of sequencing of biomaterial samples from patients and virus carriers for the period 2006-2020. EVs of 22 types were detected. Conclusions: EVs are subject to intense genetic variability, due to which new genovariants pathogenic for humans may appear. The change in EV genotypes, which dominated the circulation among the population of the Rostov region, determined the rise in the incidence of EVI in 2013. A significant diversity of non-polio EV genotypes was revealed, while the structure of EV genovariants changed in different years.
Optimization of scientifico-practical aspects of West Nile fever causative agent’s monitoring (by the example of the Volgograd region)
Authors: Nikitin D. N. , Udovichenko S. K. , Putintseva E. V. , Borodai N. V. , Toporkov A. V.
Published: April 2023

Objective: to assess the quality and effectiveness of West Nile fever (WNF) causative agent’s monitoring in the Volgograd region and to develop a set of measures to its optimization. Materials and methods: data on the detection of WNV cases, results of serological and zooentomological monitoring in 2009–2021. A comprehensive methodological approach was applied, including statistical and epidemiological methods. Results: based on the assessment of WNF causative agent’s monitoring key aspects in the Volgograd region, it was shown that one of the priority problems is the insufficient and untimely detection of cases among the population. Among the urgent problems of serological monitoring are the lack of a clearly established frequency of serological examination in the population of the region’s administrative territories and the termination of one of the indicator population groups examination, regulated by the current regulatory and methodological documents. An assessment of the parameters of monitoring studies of the external environment indicates an insufficient territorial coverage and a decrease in the volume of studies, primarily in relation to the main carriers of the West Nile virus, which determines the overall low detection rate of West Nile virus markers. Conclusion: recommendations are proposed for optimizing monitoring, which will enhance the efficiency of WNF epidemiological surveillance and develop a scientifically based forecast of the development of the epidemiological situation.
Transparency on Corporate Governance and board of directors’ strategies
Authors: Briano Turrent Guadalupe del Carmen , Poletti-Hughes Jannine , Williams Jonathan
Published: April 2023

Based on agency and asymmetric information theories, the objective of this paper is to investigate whether the transparency on corporate governance is determined by strategies followed by the board of directors (liquidity, investment, capital structure, innovation and board composition impact on the corporate governance transparency). The study sample is composed by 826 observations from Latin American firms during the period 2004-2010 (128 unique firms). A two-way cluster standard errors and GMM methods have been adopted to perform the econometric analysis. Results suggest that corporate governance disclosure is attributable to changes on firm’s decisions made by the board with respect to financial aspects and innovation. However, the impact upon transparency of board composition with regards to female directors, independence and size of boards are attributable to industry and/or country effects. Although the main limitation of the study is focused on the period of analysis, the results provide important implications for the business sector, demonstrating that the board composition and the financial and innovation strategies adopted by the board encourage greater corporate transparency, thus increasing confidence in the markets.
Driving Safety in Healthy Aging and Age-Related Diseases
Authors: Falkenstein Michael , Brüne-Cohrs Ute
Published: April 2023

EditorialDriving Safety in Healthy Aging and Age-Related DiseasesMichael Falkenstein *, Ute Brüne-CohrsALA Institute, 44805 Bochum, Germany; E-Mails: falkenstein@ala-institut.de; Ute.Bruene-Cohrs@ruhr-uni-bochum.de * Correspondence: Michael Falkenstein; E-Mail: falkenstein@ala-institut.deSpecial Issue: Driving Safety in Healthy Aging and Age-Related DiseasesOBM Geriatrics 2023, volume 7, issue 2 doi:10.21926/obm.geriatr.2302232Received: April 03, 2023Accepted: April 03, 2023Published: April 04, 2023
Manual de costos de producción de semilla para pequeños y medianos productores
Authors: Castro Jiménez Andrea , Vargas Ramírez David Napoleón , Suárez Villota Pedro David , Tobar Sánchez Sandra Liliana
Published: April 2023

Este manual es una herramienta de uso y consulta diarios para las organizaciones del Plan Nacional de Semilla y los pequeños y medianos productores de semilla, o de cualquier sistema agrícola, que busquen ejercer un buen control y tener una base para la toma de decisiones a partir de los datos obtenidos en sus procesos productivos. Mediante un lenguaje sencillo y una estructura lógica, se pretende que los lectores se apropien de los conceptos y aprovechen las herramientas del cálculo de costos propuestas por AGROSAVIA en cada uno de sus procesos productivos y en sus hogares. El documento lleva al lector a entender de manera fácil la dinámica básica para poder calcular los costos, cómo hacer un análisis que contribuya a la toma de decisiones y, por ende, mejorar los resultados de sus procesos productivos.
Moderated Online Social Therapy for Carers of Early Psychosis Clients in Real-World Settings: Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Gleeson John , Lin Ashleigh , Koval Peter , Hopkins Liza , Denborough Paul , Lederman Reeva , Herrman Helen , Bendall Sarah , Eleftheriadis Dina , Cotton Sue , Perry Yael , Kaess Michael , Alvarez-Jimenez Mario
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND

Family carers of youth recovering from early psychosis experience significant stress; however, access to effective family interventions is poor. Digital interventions provide a promising solution.

OBJECTIVE

Our objective was to evaluate across multiple Australian early psychosis services the effectiveness of a novel, web-based early psychosis intervention for carers.

METHODS

In this cluster randomized controlled trial conducted across multiple Australian early psychosis services, our digital moderated online social therapy for carers (Altitudes) plus enhanced family treatment as usual (TAU) was compared with TAU alone on the primary outcome of perceived stress and secondary outcomes including mental health symptoms and family variables at the 6-month follow-up.

RESULTS

Eighty-six caregivers were randomized and data were available for 74 young people in their care. Our primary hypothesis that carers randomized to Altitudes+TAU would report greater improvements in perceived stress at follow-up compared with carers randomized to TAU alone was not supported, with the TAU alone group showing more improvement. For secondary outcomes, the TAU alone group showed improved mindfulness over time. Regardless of group assignment, we observed improvements in satisfaction with life, quality of life, emotional overinvolvement, and burden of care. In contrast, hair cortisol concentration increased. Post hoc analyses revealed more contact with early psychosis services in the intervention group compared to TAU alone and that improvements in perceived stress and social support were associated with use of the intervention in the Altitudes+TAU group. In this study, 80% (12/15) reported a positive experience with Altitudes and 93% (14/15) would recommend it to others.

CONCLUSIONS

Our trial did not show a treatment effect for Altitudes in perceived stress. However, our post hoc analysis indicated that the amount of use of Altitudes related to improvements in stress and social support. Additional design work is indicated to continue users’ engagement and to significantly improve outcomes in problem-solving, communication, and self-care.

CLINICALTRIAL

Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12617000942358; https://trialsearch.who.int/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=ACTRN12617000942358
The COVID-19 pandemic and its impacts on sub-urban society in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: A qualitative study
Authors: Achmad Bayu Fandhi , Allquarismy Shalmannuary Nisya , Pratiwi Siska , Kertiyasa Yohannes Aruna , Kirana Dewanggani , Mutiasari Dhyanti , Ravichandar Vineshankar , Simanungkalit Yosafat Budiharjo Santoso , Setya Dionisia , Firry Farah Nabila , Ghozali Syaiful , Suciati Wahida Yuyun
Published: April 2023

Indonesia is the country which has the most COVID-19 cases in South East Asia. The COVID-19 pandemic is causing serious psychological, social, and economic impacts particularly on the sub-urban society. This study aimed to explore the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on sub-urban society in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. This study used a hermeneutics phenomenological approach. that enrolled seven participants who reside in the sub-urban area of Yogyakarta province in June 2020. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants through Whatsapp mobile application and analyzed using interpretive phenomenological methods. Results showed that the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic can be summarized into three themes. First, the impacts include negative emotions that arise due to psychosomatic symptoms, fear of losing loved ones, stereotypes and anxiety concerning contracting COVID-19 infection; Second, limited social interaction in the community and strict travel restrictions; and third, job and income losses including layoffs from work and fear of not being able to meet family basic needs. The COVID-19 pandemic is causing several serious impacts involving psychological, social, and economic concerns that are disrupting the sub-urban society. Individual coping and family support are needed in the current situation.
Evaluation of community empowerment program for elderly care: Lessons learned from PUSAKA Wahyu Teratai
Authors: Dewi Syamsumin Kurnia
Published: April 2023

The current paradigm and health development policy in Indonesia have changed from development to empowerment. The community empowerment program for elderly care "PUSAKA Wahyu Teratai" is a leading community empowerment program in the subdistrict of Bambanglipuro, Bantul Regency. This study was conducted to evaluate The PUSAKA Wahyu Teratai program based on input, process, output, and outcome. This cross-sectional study was conducted in December 2019. Data on the input, process, and output were collected by interviewing three caretakers with a questionnaire and tracking organizational documents and activity reports, and observing activities implementation. The outcome in the form of 63 participants’ quality of life was measured by the Short Form-36 Questionnaire. Data were analyzed descriptively. Evaluation of the input showed: most of the caretakers were male (77.33%), entrepreneurs, with senior high school education level (26.67%). Most of the facilities and infrastructure belong to the organization, the principal source of funds from Yayasan Kesejahteraan Sosial Teratai Jakarta, which were sufficient. Evaluation of the process showed: all main activities were well-scheduled and conducted routinely and documented. Evaluation of the output showed: the level of participation in each activity was between 67.61% - 100.00%. The outcome evaluation showed that the mean score of quality of life domains was: Physical Functioning (88.17 ± 20.29), Role-Physical (71.03 ± 27.75), Bodily Pain (66.98 ± 17.47), General Health (54.76 ± 12.65), Vitality (64.29 ± 15.99), Social Functioning (71.14 ±16.08), Role-Emotional (68.05 ± 34.71), and Mental Health (72.44 ± 14.57). The PUSAKA Wahyu Teratai has sufficient capital input, a fair implementation process of activities, and produced exceptional outputs and outcomes.
Young father-child relationship pattern and nutrition status among under-five children in Jember Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Utsman Ubaidillah , Susanto Tantut , Rasni Hanny , Merina Nuning Dwi , Kurdi Fahruddin
Published: April 2023

The younger age of fathers will affect the pattern of relationship between fathers and their children, particularly in terms of nutrition provision of children under five years. The objective of this study was to identify and measure the correlation between the pattern of relationship between fathers and their children and nutritional status in Jember Regency of Indonesia. A cross-sectional study was conducted from September to December 2019. The participants were 39 young fathers aged 17-19 years who have an infant aged 0-5 years. They were recruited using total sampling technique. Respondents’ characteristics and child-parent relationships were measured using a questionnaire. The Chi-square test was used to analyze the data. Among the 39 young fathers, the young father and children relationship was high (56.4%). Meanwhile, the nutritional status of children was good (48.7%). Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between the pattern of father-child relationship and nutritional status among the children (χ2= 11.83; p<0.001). The higher the pattern of father-child relationship, the better was the nutrition of the children (OR= 12.0; 95% CI= 2.5-57.4). The father-child relationship pattern is related to children’s nutritional status. Therefore, the fatherchild relationship should be well-maintained to fulfill the nutrition needs of under-five children.
Implementation of the SMart-Punakawan COVID-19: Empowering communities and families against COVID-19
Authors: Pamungkasari Eti Poncorini , Hermasari Bulan Kakanita , Parwatiningsih Sri Anggarini , Mulyani Sri , Hartono Hartono , Pangesti Lely Tri
Published: April 2023

The end of the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic cannot be predicted. In June 2021 and again in February 2022, there have been very significant increases in new cases. The government has tried to control transmission by launching the 5M propaganda, which consists of wearing masks, keeping the distance from each other, washing hands with soap, avoiding crowds, and reducing mobility. However, there are still problems existing related to community compliance in preventing the transmission of COVID-19, for example, low participation in the use of masks and avoiding crowds. The aim of this project is to develop and implement health education media related to 5M and COVID-19 vaccinations. This project started with the development of the education media considering the local cultural wisdom, in order for it to be easily accepted by the community. The term SMart-Punakawan COVID-19 (Sebelas Maret-Pendampingan UNtuk mAsyarakat dan KeluargA melaWAN COVID-19) was chosen to name this media. Punakawan is a puppet character, the "servant" of the knights but who has an important role as an advisor, so it is very suitable to represent health workers. There are several media used to convey the SMart-Punakawan including videos, banners, brochures and these were implemented to the community either face-to-face or online (YouTube, and WhatsApp group) in order to reach the wider community. The effectivity of this project was measured quantitatively using instruments to measure knowledge about 5M and COVID-19 vaccinations before and after implementation. We used the Wilcoxon test because the data were not normally distributed. According to the results, there were significant differences in respondents’ knowledge before and after implementation (p<0.001). The SMart-Punakawan is effective in improving people’s knowledge related to 5M and COVID-19 vaccinations. However, further exploration is still needed to know the full impact of the SMart-Punakawan in changing people’s behavior.
Cultural perceptions of child abuse in terms of parents’ perspective: a qualitative study in Bandung-Indonesia
Authors: Kosmah Dewi Reizkiana Feva , Kusnandi Rusmil Viramitha , Rahayuningsih Sri Endah , Mutyara Kuswandewi , Arisanti Nita , Sekarwana Nanan , Dhamayanti Meita
Published: April 2023

Child abuse (CA) is a serious problem and difficult to detect. According to World Health Organization, CA is responsible for 950,000 deaths of children. Many various cultural norms may affect CA. This research aims to determine the cultural perceptions of child abuse in terms of parents in Indonesia. A qualitative study using focus group discussions (FGDs) was conducted with 31 parents who were selected purposively. The FGDs centered on the CA definition, classification, frequency, level of CA (mild, moderate, and severe), and the difference between violence and discipline. The FGDs were divided into three groups based on level of education completeed: elementary and junior high school, senior high school, and bachelor’s degree. The process of the FGDs was recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using manifest qualitative content analysis. This study was conducted from December 2018 to April 2019 in Pamekaran, Soreang Bandung. Every culture in Indonesia perceived that CA is a form of parents’ emotion that could injure children physically and mentally. Indonesian cultures were not familiar with neglect and exploitation. Participants’ opinions regarding level of violence can be categorized as severe if leaving wounds, and needing to be hospitalized. The parents assumed there was CA if it occurred more than twice and/or leaving marks. The discipline purpose is not to mistreat, but for protecting their children’s life, building characters, and educating the children. In conclusion, a cultural perception of parents about CA is a form of parents’ emotion which leads to injury of children physically and mentally.