bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pré-Textos Espaciais: Edificando Pracialidades.
Authors: DiMaio Isabela Amaral , Vaccari Jessica Fernanda Costa , Santos Jr Sérgio Antônio
Published: January 2020

Este estudo verte-se sobre o centro da cidade de Jundiaí, onde o foco principal está no perímetro conhecido como polígono cultural, atualmente, encontra-se em degradação. A princípio, nossa proposta consiste na intervenção das praças, selecionando espécies ornamentais, tornando-as mutáveis. Subsequente, vislumbramos alguns terrenos vagos para construir um edifício fragmentado, mas que consubstanciam uma unidade de vizinhança, pela qualidade plástica. A orientação teórico-metodológica do projeto deriva da noção pós-estruturalista da filosofia e do movimento intervalar na arquitetura. O processo começa com diversos levantamentos da morfologia urbana e dos usos dos edifícios, desvendando, assim, a vocação dos lugares e novas propostas de usos. O resultado está em sintonia com a transitoriedade dos modos de vida cotidianos.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: requalificação urbana, arquitetura intervalar, Jundiaí
Corpus-based Study of Identifying Verb Patterns Used in Pakistani Newspaper Headlines
Authors: Din Muhammad , Ghani Mamuna
Published: January 2020

Newspaper headlines are an important subgenre of media genre and enjoy much significance in news discourse. Headlines are ascribed different functions as they are the opening section to their respective text. This corpus-driven study strives to identify those verb patterns which have been used in Pakistani newspaper headlines. To identify different verb patterns used in newspaper headlines, the researcher compiled a corpus of 3135 newspaper headlines consisting of 28646 words drawn from three on-line Pakistani English newspapers which include The Dawn, The Nation and The News. The researcher tagged this corpus by using the software TagAnt and analyzed this corpus with the help of corpus tool AntConc to identify the verb patterns used in these Pakistani English newspaper headlines. To this end, the researcher analyzed the compiled corpus in accordance with the POS Tags given by Tree Tagger Tag Set. This study has found different verb patterns which have been used in newspaper headlines.
GUANABARA BAY: Proposals for a Territory of Exclusion Born from Paradise – Part II, For a Macro-Engineering Covenant (BAÍA DE GUANABARA: Propostas para um Território de Exclusão Nascido do Paraíso - Parte II, Por um Pacto de Macro-Engenharia)
Authors: Serpa Nilo , Cathcart Richard
Published: January 2020

Abstract: Previously, we discussed the prevailing regional eco-cultural situation of Guanabara Bay (GB), characterizing it as a true Exclusion Territory under the action of obviously stressful degenerative anthropogenic phenomena, which have dramatically affected all persons living in its vicinity. Having suggested actions that could mitigate the damages already caused to the environment and the population, this detailed article completes the general proposal presented in PART I of our research on the possible creation of a pipeline system transferring pressurized oceanic seawater extracted from the South Atlantic Ocean to the vast shallow interior of upper GB, presenting a viable alternative that can become useful to other similarly distressed nations in Earth’s biosphere. In summary, because of our confidence in the effectiveness of geographically large-scale ambitious megaproject plans for the orderly and sustainably use and enjoyment of both public and private urban spaces, our strongly suggestive study constitutes an aspirational Macro-Imagineering prospect for the recovery of the remaining mangrove forests, famed beaches and fishing activity within GB, rescuing and enhancing a potential quality of life for GB’s permanent bayfront human population.

Key words: Guanabara Bay, human quality of life, seawater pipeline system.

 

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Resumo: Anteriormente, discutimos a situação ecocultural vigente na Baía de Guanabara (BG), caracterizando-a como um verdadeiro Território de Exclusão sob a ação de fenômenos antrópicos degenerativos que afetam dramaticamente todas as pessoas que vivem em sua vizinhança. Tendo sugerido ações que poderiam mitigar os danos já causados ao meio ambiente e à população, este artigo detalha e completa a proposta geral apresentada na PARTE I de nossa pesquisa sobre a possível criação de um sistema de dutos transferindo água de mar aberto pressurizada, extraída do Atlântico Sul, para o interior raso da BG, apresentando uma alternativa viável que pode se tornar útil a outras nações igualmente afetadas pela degradação ambiental de suas regiões costeiras. Em suma, devido à nossa crença na eficácia de megaprojetos para o uso e o aproveitamento sustentável de espaços urbanos públicos e privados, o presente estudo, altamente sugestivo, constitui uma perspectiva macro-imaginativa para a recuperação dos manguezais, das praias famosas e das atividades de pesca na BG, resgatando e aumentando a qualidade de vida da população do seu entorno.

Palavras-chave: Baía de Guanabara, qualidade de vida, sistema de transferência de águas oceânicas.
Labor Inspections in Post-Soviet States: Degradation for the Sake of the Myth about Economic Efficiency?
Authors: Lyutov N. L.
Published: January 2020

The paper discusses the policy to limit the powers and resources allocated to labor inspectorates in 10 post-Soviet states (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Ukraine). This policy is carried out under the slogans of protecting businesses from excessive regulatory burden and attracting investment. The aim of the study is to determine the extent of restrictions and trends in the development of legislation and law enforcement practices of these states in this regard. The objectives of the study are to identify specific limitations enshrined both in regulatory legal acts and in the practical activities of state bodies and non-state structures in these states. The methodology includes both the study of legal acts, and communication with experts in the countries of the region, as well as field surveys involving participants in labor relations and social partners. The study reveals a significant number of restrictions, some of which are in direct conflict with the requirements of the ILO priority conventions on labor inspection. Some, although not in direct contradiction with them, in combination with other restrictions and the specific approach to their application in practice, destroy the efficiency of the working conditions of workers inspection. Among the most important restrictions of labor inspections are: limiting the subject of inspections only to issues of compliance with safety and health standards; establishing in the legislation of a mandatory requirement to warn the employer on the part of the inspection about the inspection being carried out and / or the obligation of the inspection to coordinate the inspection with other state bodies (prosecutors, courts, etc.); establishing the occurrence of workers’ complaints as a prerequisite for the labor inspectorate, etc.
Current views on radial head subluxation
Authors: Petrushin Alexander L. , Bragina Svetlana V. , Berezin Pavel A.
Published: January 2020

Backgrоund. Radial head subluxation is the most common injury in young children and accounts for 2.6% of the total population in this age group. In 39%82% of cases, the mechanism of injury is the traction of the arm, but subluxation can occur during a fall and in other circumstances; in 19%51% of cases, the mechanism of injury is unknown.
Aim. The purpose of this study is to generalize and arrange the available literature and data and present current views on the prevalence, etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of radial head subluxation in children.
Materials and methods. A literature search was performed using the PubMed, PubMed Central, Google Scholar, CNKI-Scholar, Cyberleninka, and eLibrary databases. The sample of sources was mainly limited to 20002019.
Results. The cause of subluxation is the displacement of the annular ligament and its interposition in the humeroradial joint. It is determined by a number of features of the elbow joint anatomy in young children. Diagnosis of radial head subluxation is based on history and clinical data; radiography and ultrasonography are used to obtain a clear clinical picture and to exclude fractures. The mainstay of treatment is a closed reduction, which is conducted via two methods as follows: supinationflexion and hyperpronation. According to modern research data, preference is given to the hyperpronation method; it is more effective in terms of number of reduction attempts, is technically simpler and, possibly, less painful. Generally, immobilization after effective reduction is not required as the function of the elbow joint is fully restored. A consequence of radial head subluxation is recurrence, which occurs in 5%46% of cases. A factor associated with recurrence is being less than two years of age. The prophylaxis of radial head subluxation is aimed at preventing forceful arm traction in children under three years of age and involves educating the parents or caregivers in the symptoms of subluxation to prevent late admission.
Conclusions. Radial head subluxation is found in young children and is mainly diagnosed clinically. The treatment consists of a closed reposition, and the prognosis for restoring limb function is favorable.
Broken rods in spinal deformity surgery: an analysis of clinical experience and a literature review
Authors: Mikhaylovskiy Mikhail V. , Vasujra Alexander S. , Lukinov Vitaliy L.
Published: January 2020

Backgrоund. Rod fractures are one of the specific complications of spinal deformity surgery. The number of publications on this topic is small, and the conclusions are often contradictory.
Aim. The aim of this study is to analyze the current situation concerning the problem of fractures of the rods in spinal deformities of various etiologies in terms of frequency and risk factors for this complication.
Materials and methods. The study included 3,833 patients who underwent operations between 1996 and 2018. The inclusion criteria of being over 10 years of age with no history of spinal surgery were applied.
Results. Fractures of metal implant rods were detected in 85 patients out of a total of 3,833 (2.2%). There was a significant difference between the groups of idiopathic and congenital scoliosis patients. A rod fracture in 62 of the 85 patients was the reason for reintervention to restore integrity with a connector or a full replacement. An increase in BMI by one raised the chance of a fracture by 1.07 times (p = 0.019). Increasing the age by one year increased the possibility of a fracture by 1.03 times (p = 0.039). A statistically significant association of the ventral stage of surgical treatment (discectomy and interbody fusion with autologous bone) where no fracture was detected (p = 0.403) was revealed. Being over 15 years old a statistically significant predictor was in the group under 20 years of age (p = 0.048). For BMI, there was no statistically significant threshold for fracture probability in the group under 20 years of age. It was confirmed that a hybrid fixation system produced a significantly lower percentage of complications than a hook system.
A systematic literature review of sources on this topic included international databases (Scopus, Medline, and Google Scholar) as well as investigating the publications contained in the reference list.
Conclusions. Rod fractures during surgery for spinal deformities of various etiologies are one of the typical complications. Fracture frequency in large study groups is small. The risk of developing this complication rises with both increasing BMI and patient age, although there is no statistically significant threshold for BMI relative to the chances of fracture in the group up to 20 years of age. Modern reticular systems of attachment of the endocorrector to the vertebral structures can dramatically reduce the risk of rod fracture during the postoperative period.
Our experience of the modified Dunn procedure in children with slipped capital femoral epiphysis (preliminary results)
Authors: Barsukov Dmitrii B. , Baindurashvili Alexei G. , Bortulev Pavel I. , Baskov Vladimir E. , Pozdnikin Ivan Y. , Krasnov Andrey I. , Poznovich Mahmud S. , Asadulaev Marat S.
Published: January 2020

Backgrоund. The spatial correlations of the epiphysis and acetabulum during slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) with acute (at the stage of partial synostosis) and chronic displacement of the epiphysis to a severe degree were restored using different extra-articular corrective hip osteotomy techniques and the standard Dunn procedure. A large number of postoperative ischemic complications and/or the remaining residual displacement of the epiphysis, which is the cause of FAI, was the rationale for improving traditional surgical methods. In 2007, a modified technique of the classic Dunn procedure was proposed using a low traumatic surgical hip dislocation.
Aim. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the modified Dunn procedure in the treatment of children with SCFE.
Materials and methods. The data of preoperative and postoperative clinical and radiological studies of 10 patients (six males and four females) aged 1115 years who were suffering from SCFE with severe epiphyseal displacement were analyzed. In five cases, the displacement of the epiphysis was chronic, in four cases it was acute associated with chronic, and in one case it was primarily acute. In the joints with acute displacement at the time of surgery, there were signs of partial synostosis at the level of the epiphyseal growth plate. All children underwent a modified Dunn procedure with strict adherence to the authors technique. The maximum follow-up period was 1.5 years.
Results. Evaluation of the most short-term anatomical and functional treatment results confirmed a satisfactory result in half (5/10) of the observations with the possibility of an additional three. In two cases, a poor treatment result was obtained due to the development of an early complication in the form of aseptic necrosis of the femoral head. The number of early complications of surgical treatment that were recorded is consistent with the literature.
Conclusions. To date, the modified Dunn procedure is the only intervention with a relatively small number of complications that provides a complete and accurate reposition of the epiphysis, thereby eliminating FAI in the above anatomical situations. The modified Dunn procedure can be characterized as an effective intervention for SCFE with severe, acute (at the stage of partial synostosis), and chronic displacements of the epiphysis. The authors intend to continue using the procedure in practice.
Correction of femoral deformities of inflammatory genesis (osteomyelitis sequalae) in children: an analysis of the treatment results of 76 patients
Authors: Dolgiev Bagauddin H. , Garkavenko Yuriy E. , Pozdeev Alexander P.
Published: January 2020

Backgrоund. In most cases, haematogenic osteomyelitis affects the long bones of the skeleton. Predominantly, the centers of destruction are located in the lower extremities. The orthopedic complications of haematogenic osteomyelitis were observed (according to different data) in 22%71.2% of childhood cases. In 16.2%53.7% of cases, the complications can lead to childhood (nascent) disability.
Aim. The purpose of the research is to conduct a retrospective analysis of femoral deformity correction results in children with haematogenic osteomyelitis consequences by applying both an Ortho-SUV Frame (based on passive computer navigation) and following the Ilizarov method.
Materials and methods. The study examined 76 patients of both genders aged between 8 and 17 years old who were experiencing the consequences of haematogenic osteomyelitis in the long bones of the lower extremities. A comparative assessment of the parameters reflecting the effectiveness of circular external fixation in combination with an Ortho-SUV Frame and the Ilizarov method was conducted. Reference lines and angles before and after surgery, elongation size, distraction time, deformity correction period, external fixation index, number of complications, and the functional result were all considered.
Results. All the children underwent deformity correction surgery, and the length of the afflicted lower extremity segment was reconstructed (restored). The use of the repositioning unit enabled a higher correction accuracy (94.45%) of the femur in comparison with the Ilizarov frame (30%). The frequency of excellent functional results in the first group of patients was more than 1.5 times higher than in the second group, whereas the satisfactory results turned out to be almost twice as low. Fewer complications were observed while using the Ortho-SUV hexapod.
Conclusions. The application of the Ortho-SUV Frame at the long-bone-deformity-correction stage facilitates an increase in the efficiency of the circular external fixation method.
Change in the severity of congenital clubfoot in the first week of life
Authors: Kruglov Igor Yu. , Rumyantsev Nicolai Yu. , Omarov Gamzat G. , Rumiantceva Natalia N.
Published: January 2020

Backgrоund. Congenital clubfoot or congenital equino-cava-varus deformity of the feet is one of the most common pathologies of the musculoskeletal system in children. Numerous articles in global literature have been published about changes in clubfoot severity during treatment; however, there are very few reports on how the severity of foot deformities with congenital clubfoot changes during the first week of life in the absence of deformity correction.
Aim. To analyze changes in the severity of congenital clubfoot in the first week of life without any treatment.
Materials and methods. The study group included 28 newborns with idiopathic congenital clubfoot (a total of 40 feet). The severity of clubfoot was evaluated on days one and seven after birth using the Dimeglio and Pirani scores.
Results. During the initial examination of the newborns on the first day of life, the clubfoot severity recorded on the Pirani score was between 2 to 3 points and between 9 to 15 points on the Dimeglio score. Thus, in the first seven days of life in all patients who did not receive treatment, there was a significant increase in the severity of the equino-cava-varus deformity of the feet (p 0.05). The results of this study confirm that the severity of congenital clubfoot increases in the first week of life. This necessitates the beginning of the correction of severe idiopathic clubfoot in the first days after birth.
Conclusions. The severity of congenital clubfoot during the first week of life significantly increased in all feet studied (p 0.05: 2 higher than in the table). If left untreated in the first week after birth, the equinus deformity progresses followed by varus deformity, anterior forefoot reduction, and, to a lesser extent, rotation.
Algorithm of medical care for children with polytrauma
Authors: Yunusov Damir I. , Aleksandrovich Viktoriya Yu. , Mironov Petr I. , Pshenisnov Konstantin V. , Ulrich Gleb E. , Pastukhova Nataliya K. , Nezabudkin Sevir N. , Kupatadze Dmitry D.
Published: January 2020

Backgrоund. Polytrauma is the main reason for incapacitation and death in children of all ages. The appropriate timing of specialized medical care plays a crucial role for the outcomes of the polytrauma.
Aim. The aim of the study is to analyze the results of the treatment of musculoskeletal injuries with the use of a decision-making algorithm in pediatric patients with polytrauma.
Materials and methods. This is a prospective, observational, controlled, single-center study. The research included 130 children who were divided into two groups. In the main group, the children were provided with specialized medical care by a multidisciplinary team. After stabilization, the patients were transferred to a specialized center for final surgical treatment by minimally invasive fracture osteosynthesis. After the elimination of existing life-threatening conditions and the fitting of skeletal traction, the patients in the control group received surgical treatment only after transferal to a specialized center.
Results. In the main group, pain regressed significantly earlier (1.7 0.6 vs 3.2 0.4, p 0.05), and the duration of the postoperative ICU stay was significantly reduced (1.5 0.9 vs 2.4 1.4 days, p 0.05). The optimization of the surgical treatment of injuries facilitated a reduction in the duration of the ICU stay of patients in the main group (5.6 0.3 vs 6.5 0.4 days), in the surgical department (21.5 0.7 vs 25 0.9 days), and the overall hospital stay (up to 27.5 days).
Conclusions. This study developed a decision-making algorithm for administering medical care to children with polytrauma based on the principle of stabilization of the condition and early low-trauma surgery in the hours following injury.
Bone metabolism biomarkers in walking children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Kenis Vladimir M. , Bogdanova Svetlana L. , Prokopenko Tatyana N. , Sapogovskiy Andrei V. , Kiseleva Tatyana I.
Published: January 2020

Backgrоund. Osteoporosis is an important factor in the pathogenesis of orthopedic manifestations in children with cerebral palsy. It was previously demonstrated that children with cerebral palsy have specific changes in bone metabolism, which can cause changes in laboratory parameters compared with other orthopedic patients without neurological backgrounds.
Aim. The aim of this study was to assess bone metabolism biomarkers in children with cerebral palsy, identifying distinguishing characteristic patterns in comparison with patients with orthopedic pathology without neurological backgrounds.
Materials and methods. This study evaluated the concentrations of calcium, phosphorus, -cross laps, osteocalcin, vitamin D, CICP, and alkaline phosphatase in the blood serum of 50 children with cerebral palsy aged between 6 to 12 years with GMFCS levels IIII. The control group consisted of 50 patients with plano-valgus deformities of the feet.
Results. The alkaline phosphatase activity in the group of children with cerebral palsy was 170.25 59.35 u/L, while in the control group it was 145.58 46.29 u/L; the CICP concentration in the study group was higher than in the control group (324.01 174.10 and 269.68 240.98, respectively). The concentration of -cross laps, osteocalcin, calcium, and vitamin D in the study group was lower than in children with flat feet.
Conclusions. This study demonstrated multidirectional changes in the biomarkers of bone metabolism that are characteristic of walking children with cerebral palsy. These changes are characterized by a corresponding increase in the activity of osteoresorption and osteoreparation. This makes it possible to justify the combined use of metabolites and metabolic activators (calcium and vitamin D) and drugs that suppress osteoresorption (bisphosphonates) for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in children with cerebral palsy.
Long-term treatment results of congenital hip disease in adolescents
Authors: Abakarov Ali A. , Abakarov Abakar A.
Published: January 2020

Backgrоund. An analysis of modern literature reveals that presently, there are no algorithms for determining the correct method of surgical treatment for adolescents with high congenital hip dislocation; few publications are devoted to the treatment of adolescents with this pathology. Children are treated by podiatrists until the age of 18 before transferring to adult specialists. There remain debatable issues of total hip replacement in adolescents because there are time limits for hip preservation. The search for improved treatment methods for adolescents with this pathology by preserving their own bone structures continues to be relevant.
Aim. To evaluate the long-term results of the treatment of adolescents with complete congenital hip dislocation after intertrochanteric osteotomy using the authors technique.
Materials and methods. From 19902006, in the Republican Orthopedic and Traumatological Center of the Republic of Dagestan and the clinic of the Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics of the Dagestan State Medical University, 37 patients with high congenital dislocation of the hip underwent 49 operations using the method developed by the authors. The surgeries were performed by a single orthopedist and were presented as an angulatory lengthening by transtrochantiс osteotomy of the femur by fixation with a fingered plate. All patients underwent clinical, radiographical, biomechanical, and statistical evaluation before and after surgery using the Harris and VAS scales. The results of the study were processed using the Student, Pearson, and Kolmogorov coefficients and confidence intervals.
Results. Over a long-term treatment period of up to 10 years, the average Harris score increased from 44.2 (95% CI 38.747.9) to 80.5 (95% CI 77.185.3). After the 10-year follow-up period (1015 years after surgery), the scores gradually dropped to 72.4 (95% CI 70.178.3). Unsatisfactory treatment results were found in 13.5% of cases and were mainly associated with an unsuccessful choice of support point under the pelvis and the preservation of uncompensated shortening of the limb. The alignment of the created degree of angulation of the hip in terms of adolescent age groups was not established. Differences in treatment results (depending on the inter-operation time for the bilateral dislocation of the hip) were not established. At follow-up periods of 1015 years after surgery, total hip replacement was performed in 21 joints (56.7%).
Conclusions. The proposed method of surgical treatment of congenital hip dislocation in adolescents improves the staticdynamic capabilities of the hip joint and remains effective over the following 15 years of life. The duration of inpatient treatment is reduced and does not interfere with subsequent total hip arthroplasty.
Treatment of complex regional pain syndrome after filling a single bone-cyst cavity with beta-tricalcium phosphate granules
Authors: Aminova Liaisan R. , Lobashov Vladislav V. , Akhtiamov Ildar F.
Published: January 2020

Backgrоund. Сomplex regional pain syndrome is a condition associated with a multitude of clinical factors. Its characteristic feature is persistent pain caused by injuries and is not anatomically limited to the location of a particular peripheral nerve.
Clinical case. This article describes a case involving the treatment of complex regional pain syndrome in a thirteen-year-old patient, which resulted in a simple bone cyst surgical treatment of the lower-third of the fibula. Diagnostics were based on clinical, laboratorial, histological, radiological, and instrumental methods of research. The treatment methods included medication (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antidepressants, antipsychotics, anticonvulsants, non-opioid analgesics of central action, and bisphosphonates), cold plasma ablation, neurolysis of the sural nerve, prolonged regional anesthesia, tunneling of the bone marrow cavity (filled by substitutional filler), and marginal bone resection.
Discussion. Сomplex regional pain syndrome is a poorly studied condition, which contributes to the complexity of its diagnosis. In this case, the presence of complex regional pain syndrome can be characterized by tissue injury during surgical intervention as well as by intraoperative injury of the nerve fibers. The stages of complex regional pain syndrome detected in studies may not appear in all patients, and in this case, no staging was observed. By eliminating the obliteration of the medullary canal after segmental resection of the sclerosed portion of the bone, it was possible to reduce the severity of pain, which resulted in the subsequent disappearance of the manifestations of complex regional pain syndrome.
Conclusions. This case testifies to the effectiveness of various methods of treating complex regional pain syndrome. The etiology of the specific patients pain syndrome should be considered when treating complex regional pain syndrome.
Dynamic balancing of a two-plane rotor without phase angle measurement using the amplitude subtraction method
Authors: Bhende A R
Published: January 2020

Two-plane balancing is required on a rotor where the length is greater than the diameter. Balancing such a rotor is tricky, since the effects of unbalanced forces on both of the planes need to be considered when determining the corrective action. This paper presents a method of dynamic
balancing for a two-plane rotor without the need to measure the phase angle. The rotor is balanced by measuring vibration amplitudes at the support bearing of the rotor shaft. A new rotor balancing method of amplitude subtraction is used to calculate the balancing weights and their positions
on the rotor. The advantages of this method over the phase angle measurement method are also discussed in the paper.
Conocimientos sobre la tuberculosis en usuarios del transporte masivo en Santiago de Cali, Colombia
Authors: Figueroa Jorge Enrique , Hoyos Diana Marcela , Rodas Alexandra , Luna Lucy , Salamanca Liliana , Valencia Susana , Forero Liliana , Dávalos Diana , Díaz Constanza , Niño Yessenia , Meza Rossi Marieth , Nieto Luisa María , Díaz Gustavo , Ferro Beatriz E. , Pacheco Robinson
Published: January 2020

Poco se conoce sobre los conocimientos sobre tuberculosis (TB) en Cali, segunda ciudad colombiana con mayor carga de la enfermedad. Esta investigación buscó determinar el grado de conocimientos sobre TB en usuarios del transporte masivo. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal aplicando un cuestionario a usuarios de 12 estaciones principales del sistema de transporte público en un día laboral de marzo de 2017. De 193 encuestados, el 80% manifestó conocer poco o nada sobre TB. La mayoría identificó la tos como síntoma (74,6%) y refirió que es una enfermedad contagiosa (75,1%), transmitida por aire (61,7%) y curable (70,5%). No es tan frecuente la identificación de otros síntomas y hay concepciones erróneas sobre la transmisión. Identificar los conocimientos de la población acerca de la enfermedad permite orientar estrategias comunicativas y educativas para prevenir y controlar la TB, dirigidas al público que converge en el sistema de transporte masivo.
Mapping the potential distribution of frozen ground in Tucarroya (Monte Perdido Massif, the Pyrenees)
Authors: Serrano E. , Pisabarro A. , López-Moreno J.I. , Gómez-Lende M. , Martín-Moreno R. , Rico I.
Published: January 2020

This paper shows the creation of a map of frozen ground potential for the Tucarroya valley in Ordesa National Park. To create this map, it was necessary to combine the identified landforms associated to the presence of frozen ground by fieldwork, ground temperature data continuously recorded during two years by automatic loggers, a Basal Temperature of Snow (BTS) survey, and predictor variables derived from a high resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM). Four environments have been differentiated: unfrozen ground, seasonal frozen ground, possible permafrost and probable permafrost. The map confirms a very limited variety and extension of permafrost, above 2700 m a.s.l. on gentle and shadowed slopes. Seasonal frozen ground is the most common thermal regime, as it can be developed above 2500 m a.s.l. Snow-pack duration and thickness tightly control the duration of frozen ground and the freezing-thawing cycles. Frost activity and unfrozen ground is restricted from 2570 to 2750 m a.s.l.
PROBLEM OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE INVESTIGATOR AND THE PROSECUTOR IN THE SCIENTIFIC HERITAGE OF PROFESSOR S. A. SHEYFER
Authors: Tarasov А. А.
Published: January 2020

The novelty of the article is a comparative analysis of it in the development of procedural guidance the investigation by the prosecutor in the scientific works of professor S. A. Sheyfer from the Soviet era to the present, the positions of other supporters of this idea at different stages of reforming the domestic criminal process, studies of modern authors, is devoted to relations between different participants of the process from the prosecution in pre-trial proceedings in criminal cases. The purpose of this analysis is to identify new and confirm previous arguments in favor of maintaining the prosecutors leading position in the implementation of criminal prosecution in pre-trial proceedings in criminal cases. The main argument in favor of such organization of prosecutorial activities is the continuation of prosecutorial activities by the prosecutor and in court by maintaining the public prosecution, formulated and substantiated before the trial. The objective was to identify substantive contradictions between the prosecutors function of criminal prosecution on behalf of the state and supervision of the legality of the preliminary investigation and inquiry and the set of powers that the prosecutor has under the current criminal procedure law. The article uses methods of system analysis and synthesis, comparative legal and historical methods. The study shows that in the course of reforming the domestic pre-trial proceedings in criminal cases, significant mistakes were made that require correction. The purpose of this correction is to preserve for the prosecutor, as a representative of the public prosecution service, the ability to exercise procedural leadership of the preliminary investigation, actively influencing the formation and justification of the accusation, which is then brought before the court. In conclusion, it is shown that this is how S. A. Sheyfer imagined the procedural role of the prosecutor as a representative of the prosecutorial authorities, actively influencing the detection and investigation of crimes.
MODERN IDEA ON ADVERSARIAL PRE-TRIAL PROCEEDINGS AND PROBLEMS OF ITS ENSURING
Authors: Gladysheva O. V.
Published: January 2020

The article presents modern ideas about adversarial criminal proceedings, preserving the historical continuity in determining its main features and attributes, with a gradual transformation and adjustment, including pre-trial proceedings. It is noted that according to professor S. A. Sheyfer, who did not deny the competitive elements of pre-trial proceedings, the preliminary investigation is not completely adversarial. It is proved that under the influence of new conditions there is a tendency to revise not only the essence of competition, but also the means of its implementation. The conclusion is made about not always correct understanding of adversarial proceedings in criminal proceedings, in a certain distortion of its content, contrary to established ideas. The authors form of the mechanism of ensuring the rights at interrogation of the lawyer protecting, representing interests of participants in criminal proceedings, as the witness is formulated. It is proposed to introduce into the criminal procedure law the rules allowing to realize the adversarial nature in the pre-trial proceedings in terms of the transfer of a lawyer-defender or a lawyer-representative to the status of a witness.
An efficient method of genomic DNA isolation from plant tissues.
Authors: Strózycki P M , Legocki A B
Published: January 2020

The manuscript describes an easy method of isolation of plant genomic DNA. This method allowed us to isolate substantial amounts of good quality DNA from lupin (Lupinus luteus) tissues. The described method also appeared to be useful for genomic DNA isolation from tissues of other plants.
Some regulatory properties of the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex from European bison heart.
Authors: Markiewicz J , Strumiło S A
Published: January 2020

Basic regulatory properties of the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (OGDC) isolated and purified from the heart muscle of European bison (Bison bonasus) were studied. Kinetic studies have shown that in the absence of phosphate ions OGDC exhibits kinetic attributes of negative cooperativity with respect to 2-oxoglutarate. ADP and phosphate lower S0.5 value of OGDC for 2-oxoglutarate without changing the maximum reaction rate. NADH inhibits OGDC versus both 2-oxoglutarate and NAD+. Moreover, bison heart OGDC shows negative kinetic cooperativity for NAD+ and positive kinetic cooperativity for CoA at low CoA concentrations. The latter property has not been observed in earlier studies on OGDC from bovine and pig heart and other tissues of these animals.
Differential phosphorylation of ribosomal acidic proteins from yeast cell by two endogenous protein kinases: casein kinase-2 and 60S kinase.
Authors: Szyszka R , Boguszewska A , Grankowski N , Ballesta J P
Published: January 2020

The native 80S ribosomes isolated from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain W303) cells was phosphorylated by two endogenous protein kinases: multifunctional casein kinase-2 (CK-2) and specific 60S kinase. Three acidic proteins within the 60S ribosomal subunit: YP1 beta, YP1 beta' and YP2 alpha are phosphorylated by both kinases. The other two proteins: YP1 alpha and YP2 beta are predominantly phosphorylated by CK-2 but not by 60S kinase. This was confirmed in the experiment with the recombinant protein, YP2 beta, as a substrate, which is practically not phosphorylated by specific 60S kinase. These results together with the previous data based on the target amino-acid sequences suggest that, in addition to the multifunctional casein kinase-2 and specific 60S kinase, there exist probably other protein kinase(s) which phosphorylate the ribosomal acidic proteins in the cell.
Mechanisms of resistance to azole antifungals.
Authors: Marichal P , Vanden Bossche H
Published: January 2020

Until the late eighties, clinical resistance to azole antifungals was a rare phenomenon. Only a few cases of resistance to ketoconazole were found in patients with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC). The spread of AIDS and the widespread prophylactic and therapeutic use of the hydrophilic azole compound fluconazole resulted both in the selection and induction of resistant strains and in a shift in the nature of the infecting organisms. Most azole antifungals such as itraconazole, ketoconazole and fluconazole are active against a variety of fungal diseases. However, the concentration needed to inhibit growth is dependent on the nature of the infecting species. Mucor spp., e.g., are almost insensitive to present available azole compounds and can be regarded as intrinsically resistant to azole treatment. Physiochemical features, such as the hydrophobicity and pKa, of a given azole, define whether or not it will be active or cross-resistant against a given species. Fluconazole is almost inactive against Candida krusei and Aspergillus fumigatus, whereas the lipophilic itraconazole is active against these species. A third type of resistance is acquired or induced resistance. This is the most controversial type because, even within a given species, organisms may differ in their response to the same azole. For these strains, convincing evidence can only be obtained when there is a genotypically related strain, which does not show resistance. In a limited number of biochemical or molecular biological studies the mechanisms of resistance have been investigated at the molecular level. These studies show that resistance can occur when there is an insufficient intracellular content of the azole. This can be due to impermeability problems, inactivated uptake systems or, and more likely, the presence of active multidrug resistance gene products of the P-glycoprotein type. Alteration or overexpression of the target for azole antifungals, the cytochrome P450-dependent 14 alpha-demethylase, also induces resistance. The nature and amount of the accumulating sterols also are of great importance for azole-induced growth inhibition. This may explain why mutations in other enzymes of the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway, e.g. the delta 5-6 desaturase, can contribute to azole resistance.
Rapid non-empirical approaches for estimating relative binding free energies.
Authors: Mark A E , Xu Y , Liu H , Van Gunsteren W F
Published: January 2020

Rapid non-empirical methods for estimating binding free energies are reviewed. A novel approach based on the application of the free energy perturbation formula to a biased ensemble is presented. Preliminary results demonstrating the applicability of this approach in protein systems are shown and the potential of this method in structure-based drug design is discussed.
(DES)CENTRALIZANDO O CUIDADO: MÃES CUIDADORAS
Authors: Souza Mareco Thereza Cristina
Published: January 2020

Este estudo tem como objetivo observar como se operacionalizam os cuidados da mãe com seus filhos, quais os itinerários terapêuticos que elas seguem, bem como analisar como os profissionais da saúde reagem frente a esse movimento das mães que abarcam conhecimentos e práticas diversas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa que analisa as percepções e práticas desencadeadas por essas mulheres sobre os cuidados e interação com os serviços de saúde. Foi utilizado o método etnográfico e as técnicas de observação participante junto a aplicação de questionário semiestruturado. Participaram desta pesquisa 8 mulheres que residem nas cidades de Ceilândia – DF e Taguatinga – DF, a pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa do Instituto de Humanas da UnB. Foi encontrado que na atualidade o saber médico ainda tem forte controle sobre como devem ser feitos os cuidados infantis excluindo-se a autonomia da mãe nesse processo. Contudo, as mães cuidadoras familiares buscam acionar os saberes e práticas a partir de suas perspectivas. Assim, é de grande relevância que existam cada vez mais estudos voltados para a área da saúde popular abordando os saberes e tecnologias próprias, pois nesse contexto, estão as cuidadoras que são subjugadas e sofrem violência institucional. Bem como é importante que os profissionais invistam em estudos sobre práticas de cuidados, para que as políticas, promoção e prevenção da saúde sejam disseminadas com a finalidade de atender as singularidades dos sujeitos.
TECNOLOGIA APLICADA À SAÚDE NA PREVENÇÃO DA PNEUMONIA ASSOCIADA À VENTILAÇÃO MECÂNICA
Authors: Silva da Rosa Elisana , Rick Henrique , Machado Bueno André Luis , De Souza Scherer Juliane , Varella de Carvalho Juliano , Negeliskii Christian , Rosecler Bez Marta
Published: January 2020

A Pneumonia Associada à Ventilação Mecânica (PAV) tornou-se o evento adverso mais temível nas Unidades de Terapia Intensiva (UTI). Devido à importância e gravidade do tema, as instituições hospitalares têm aderido ao uso de bundles, que visam minimizar a incidência de PAV. Este trabalho teve como objetivo a elaboração de uma nova tecnologia para contribuir em melhorias na área da saúde. Por meio da criação de uma aplicação web, denominada SISPREV, foi construído um protótipo para realização da coleta de dados do bundle de prevenção de PAV. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo CEP, sob o número 2.721.882. A aplicação web gera relatórios a partir dos dados coletados e dinamiza a monitorização de medidas preventivas de PAV em tempo real. Através do estudo, aplicado sobre 41 pacientes, durante um mês, foi possível verificar a agilidade na compilação dos dados no cenário atual, analisando a adesão da equipe às intervenções que envolvem a prevenção de danos. Os resultados possibilitam uma abordagem em tempo real dos dados gerados, permitindo o manejo de ações corretivas para adequação ao protocolo de prevenção, na busca por melhorias, promovendo segurança na assistência, redução de custos e mudanças de efeitos duradouros nos processos de trabalho.
A importância das humanidades na construção do conhecimento
Authors: Silva João Alberto Mendonça , Reis Álisson Muryel dos , Maciel Josemar de Campos
Published: January 2020

O presente artigo abordará a construção do conhecimento em Giambattista Vico embasando-se no discurso De Nostri Temporis Studiorum. Com a troca da “imaginação” pela “racionalidade”, colocou-se de lado a engenhosidade humana, anulando assim a verossimilhança que fora negada por não apresentar verdades factuais levando à atrofia do engenho. O intuito aqui é analisar o desenvolvimento imaginativo proposto por Vico, gerando uma nova crítica. Conclui-se sobre uma possível epistemologia das humanidades, na qual cada sujeito possa, com seus próprios instrumentos, desenvolver um conhecimento menos “dogmático” e mais humano, partindo de um solo estável, qual seja, a história.
Aspectos contextuales en la formación de diseñadores: comprender el taller de diseño = Contextual aspects in the training of designers: understanding the design-studio
Authors: López León Ricardo
Published: January 2020

ResumenEl taller de diseño ha sido abordado por distintos autores los cuales se expondrán a través de este texto, destacando algunas particularidades que van desde cómo un espacio contextual como el mismo, impacta en la forma en que un estudiante construye su propio conocimiento, hasta observar cómo el designstudio se convierte en un contexto en el que también se forma la cultura del diseño y perspectiva que tiene ante la misma un estudiante. Se destaca, además, la parte conversacionaldel taller, es decir, que la docencia dentro del taller se centra enconversaciones, con uno mismo, con los docentes, con otros estudiantes, a través de imágenes, objetos, espacios. Se discuten asimismo algunas propuestas que han surgido para que el aprovechamiento del taller de diseño sea mejor, así como también se exponen algunas estrategias implementadas por estudiantes para aprovecharlo.Finalmente, el capítulo concluye con la presentación de posturas queproponen realizar un cambio sustancial en la educación del diseño, que se había centrado en la preocupación por el desarrollo de objetos, a través de la discusión del diseño como una forma de intervenir y transformar sistemas para lograr que la formación de los estudiantes sea más significativa.AbstractThe design studio has been approached by different authors who will be discussed through this article, highlighting several aspects such as the impact of the physical context on the way a student constructs knowledge, and also observing how the design-studio becomes a context by which a particular perspective and design culture is formed in the student's mind. The conversational part of the design-studio is also emphasized, that is, that teaching inside it, is all about conversations, with oneself, between students, and between teachers with students through images, objects, space, words. Thorough this article are also discussed some proposals that have emerged to improve the design studio, as well as student'sstrategies to overcome it. Finally this article concludes with a discussion ofperspectives that call to a substantial change in design education that needs to be focused on intervening and transforming systems, instead of being centered in the developing of images and objects.