bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of damping reduction factors for displacement and acceleration spectra using code-compatible near-fault and far-fault ground motions depending on site conditions
Authors: Abdelhamid Abdelmalek ,   Development Laboratory in Mechanics and Materials, University of Djelfa, Djelfa, Algeria, Benahmed Baizid , Laghrouche Omar , Palanci Mehmet , Aidaoui Lakhdar ,   Development Laboratory in Mechanics and Materials, University of Djelfa, Djelfa, Algeria,   Institute for Infrastructure and Environment, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK,   Civil Engineering Department, Istanbul Arel University, Istanbul, Turkey,   Development Laboratory in Mechanics and Materials, University of Djelfa, Djelfa, Algeria
Published: July 2024

Damping Reduction Factors (DRFs) are widely employed in design standards to adjust the structural response due to varied levels of the structural damping, higher or lower than the common value of 5% for response spectra or time history analyses. Research findings highlighted that DRFs are sensitive not only to damping and period, but also to the seismological parameters and site conditions. Nevertheless, effect of ground motions on the DRFs compiled to code-based target spectrum are not investigated. For this purpose, Eurocode-8 (EC8) compatible real ground motions were carefully selected for three soil classes, namely, A, B, and C, considering near- and far-fault ground motions and DRFs were derived from the displacement and acceleration response spectra through, Single Degree of Freedom (SDOF) systems, dynamic analyses. Near- and far-fault ground motions were considered to investigate the effect of the distance on DRFs. The distributions of DRFs were then subjected to a comparison with code-based and existing literature DRF models and bias between the models were calculated. The findings demonstrated that near- and far-fault ground motions produced different outcomes and DRFs obtained from acceleration spectra were, on average, approximately 25% higher than those obtained from displacement spectra. It was also observed that DRFs were sensitive to soil classes, especially to soil class B. The maximum near/far fault ratios determined for site class B were 1.20, 1.45 and 1.71 for damping ratios of 10, 20, and 40%, respectively. In addition, results indicated that the DRF values provided by EC8 were generally non-conservative. Therefore, it is important that the code-based definitions should be refined to consider important parameters that affect DRFs such as distance and soil classes.
Really Want a Whole? Or Take It Apart? Evidence of ESG disclosure heterogeneity on Chinese Listed Firm
Authors:   People & Global Business Association, Nam Kim Nam Kim
Published: July 2024

Purpose: We examined how ESG disclosure and its sub-dimensions impact holding period returns, profitability, and company value.
Design/methodology/approach: Utilizing Bloomberg panel data, the research investigates the effects of ESG dis-closures and their sub-dimensions on financial metrics within the Chinese stock market.
Findings: Results reveal a multifaceted impact of ESG disclosures: environmental aspects positively affect returns, governance has a negative impact, and social factors show no significant effect. Overall ESG disclosures enhance Tobin's q, particularly driven by environmental factors. The study also identifies industry specific ESG effects and confirms ESG disclosure as a precursor to firm value, addressing endogeneity concerns.
Research limitations/implications: The study offers vital insights for investors, guiding them on the differential impacts of ESG components on returns in China. It informs policymakers on crafting nuanced ESG disclosure regulations and encourages researchers to further explore ESG effects across industries and markets.
Originality/value: This research uniquely dissects the disparate impacts of ESG dimensions on firm performance, emphasizing environmental disclosures and industry heterogeneity, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. It advances the literature by detailing how various ESG facets affect firm performance, aiding stakeholders in aligning sustainability strategies with market expectations.
DIREITO NA LITERATURA: REFLEXÕES SOBRE O ROMANCE TORTO ARADO E OS DIREITOS SOCIAIS EM UM BRASIL RURAL OCULTO
Authors: Bernardo Bernardo Gomes Barbosa Nogueira , Rocha Islane Archanjo Rocha Martins , Fernanda Minervina da Silva Santos
Published: July 2024

O presente artigo pretende refletir sobre o romance Torto arado e os Direitos Sociais em um Brasil rural oculto, identificando o papel excludente do Estado na efetivação desses direitos. Para isso, utiliza-se os pressupostos metodológicos da corrente do Direito na Literatura apresentados por Karam (2017), através do método dedutivo, com abordagem bibliográfica e documental por meio da revisão de doutrina e legislação pertinente ao tema. A obra apresenta os personagens como trabalhadores rurais descendentes de escravos que lutam pela sobrevivência, pela terra e por direitos. A mancha histórica da escravidão presente no texto apresenta o racismo estrutural e as relações de servidão no trabalho a que os negros libertos se submeteram após a abolição, em troca de moradia. A literatura oferece novas formas de compreensão da natureza humana e dos desafios que o direito enfrenta no mundo contemporâneo. As representações da justiça e do direito percebidas no romance, e a perpetuação do trabalho análogo de escravo, mostram que no contexto histórico e na realidade atual, o Estado exerce um papel excludente na efetivação dos Direitos Sociais, nas áreas rurais mais remotas do país.
 
Palavras-chave: Torto arado; Literatura; Direitos Sociais.
System of Innovative Technological Development of Russian Industrial Enterprises in Modern Conditions (In Russ.)
Authors: Nikulin M. V. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Economics
Published: July 2024

The current article addresses the problem of achieving technological sovereignty in modern conditions: the task is to provide the country with an importindependent and competitive product, for which it is necessary to create its own new technologies, conduct research and development (R&D). Achieving technological sovereignty is a complex process that includes the tools of the innovation process, R&D and technological development of production. The article pre-sents the concepts of the terms "innovative technological development" and "system of innovative technological de-velopment", on the basis of which the author's definition of the latter is presented. The key elements of the system of innovative technological development in the process of activity of an industrial enterprise in modern conditions are highlighted. In conclusion the creation of a system of innovative technological development will allow enterprises of domestic industry to achieve the goal of technological sovereignty.
LEARNING ANALYTICS FOR PERSONAL LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS: DETERMINING JOURNAL PUBLICATION TRENDS
Authors: Mustu Yaldiz Damla , Kuleli Saniye , Soydan Oktay Ozlem , Copgeven Nedime Selin , Akyol Emmungil Elif , Yildirim Yusuf , Sosuncu Firat , Firat Mehmet
Published: July 2024

The e-learning domain has witnessed a shift from the traditional behavioral approach to an individual- centered learning approach based on learning analytics, with the aim of creating personalized and learner- sensitive designs. A systematic literature review of 284 articles published between 2011 and 2022 in 133 different journals was conducted to investigate this trend. Bibliometric analyses were performed. The results of the analysis show that there is an increasing trend towards the implementation of learning analytics and the use of these analytics for personalized learning environments. The results also show that the output levels of learning analytics have progressed from description and diagnosis to prediction and perspective building. This has the potential to improve the fields of learning analytics and personal learning environments.
ACADEMIC DISHONESTY IN DISTANCE EDUCATION COURSES: A QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
Authors: Iqbal Nayab , Azhar Kaukab Abid
Published: July 2024

This research study focuses on the growing concern of academic misconduct in distance education courses. A quasi-experimental study was conducted to measure the impact of introducing webcam recording software as an online supervision tool for high-stakes exams in two separate online courses (Management and Accounting). Results revealed that overall performance decreased following implementation of the software, and persisted after taking potential confounding factors into account. Additionally, the explanatory power of the regression analysis was higher for scores under supervision, which suggests that cheating was occurring before online supervision was introduced. It can be concluded from this study that online supervision is an effective tool to combat academic dishonesty in distance education courses.
ONLINE STUDENT ENGAGEMENT IN THE TURKISH CONTEXT: A PRISMA-BASED SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Atun Handan , Cinar Dincer , Sengun Oztas Elif , Gulbahar Yasemin , Laws Sa’ad , Weber Alan S. , Bianchi Robert , Kittaneh Khawla
Published: July 2024

The ability to interact or engage with the instructor, other students, and the content i.e., to experience online student engagement, is one main difference between traditional and digital media employed in teaching and learning processes. As literature on this topic in the Turkish context has proliferated, to date, virtually no systematic reviews of this research have been carried out in order to identify potential gaps in the literature. To address this issue, this study investigated previously conducted research in chronological order on student engagement at the post-secondary level in the Turkish context using a PRISMA-based systematic review screening process. The results show that online engagement research and practices have clearly increased and diversified over time. Specifically, online engagement research in the Turkish context has tended to focus on computer science students studying in online-only, LMS-supported environments where their behavioral engagement has been investigated quantitatively. Considering these findings, this systematic review suggests that future studies in the Turkish context should examine other fields besides computer science education, focus more on collaborative tools and the social dimension of engagement, use more qualitative methods, and investigate blended environments as well as online-only.
3D MODEL’S ONLINE MODULES EFFECTIVENESS IN PRACTICING MASTERY OF SOLAR SYSTEM CONCEPTUAL KNOWLEDGE
Authors: Ervana Dhanang Setyo , Raharjo Raharjo , Munasir Munasir , Hariyono Eko , Utama Judhistira Aria
Published: July 2024

This study aims to describe the 3D model’s online modules effectiveness in the practicing mastery of conceptual knowledge in solar system learning using an instrument which tested 58 7th-grade respondents from one of the junior high schools in Jombang, East Java, Indonesia. The respondents were then divided without randomization into 29 respondents for the experimental group (EG), which studied using 3D models online, and 29 respondents for the control group (CG), which studied using learning resources from student books and learning media in the form of 3D models from the NASA website. The effectiveness is assessed based on the results of the conceptual knowledge test instrument with the CRI method using a quantitative descriptive approach. Based on these results, the 3D models online module in solar system learning cannot be fully effective in the practicing mastery of conceptual knowledge. When examined further, 3D model’s online modules are effective in cognitive dimensions C3, learning indicators 1, 2, and 6, and conceptual knowledge sub-types 1. Furthermore, based on research results, learning the solar system using online modules with 3D models is better than using the official NASA website with student books.
ARE ALARM BELLS RINGING IN ACADEMIA? CHATGPT AS A SAMPLE OF USING CHATBOTS IN EDUCATION
Authors: Durak Gurhan , Cankaya Serkan
Published: July 2024

The main aim of this mixed methods study is to determine the evaluations made by academics on an academic text generated with ChatGPT and get their general views on ChatGPT. The convergent parallel design is utilized where the qualitative and quantitative methods are combined to produce triangulated results. Data were collected via an online form from 45 academics. Academics were asked to read and rate the sample text generated by ChatGPT. The titles “Writing rules,” “Language and expression,” and “Subject integrity” of the text generated by ChatGPT received the highest ratings from the academics. The qualitative findings obtained were interpreted within the framework of the “Diffusion of Innovations” and “Uses and Gratifications” theories, and the related themes were formed. As a result, the participants were asked about their feelings about using ChatGPT, and the themes of astonishment, pessimism, anxiety, and hopefulness emerged. Participants were asked their opinions about the benefits and negative aspects of using ChatGPT. Themes emerged under the benefits, and negative aspects titles were evaluated. Finally, the other themes that emerged under the satisfaction with ChatGPT and making ChatGPT widespread titles were assessed.
LEARNING LIFE SKILLS THROUGH MULTICULTURAL EXCHANGE: AN EXAMINATION OF PROSPECTIVE ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHERS’ EXPERIENCES
Authors: Altinay Fahriye , Bahcelerli Nesrin M. , Sharma Ramesh Chander , Atamturk Nurdan , Altinay Zehra , Dagli Gokmen , Altinay Mehmet
Published: July 2024

The student exchange programs are venues for learning opportunities by offering multicultural contexts. This study reports on the experiences of ten prospective English language teachers in a virtual student exchange program to investigate likely skill development in a multicultural and open and distance learning setting. This descriptive study used the qualitative method. The textual data were elicited through eighty reflective essays written by the participants. Virtual classroom observations and WhatsApp chat data ensured data triangulation. The results revealed the themes as developed learning and life skills and enhanced internal gains. It was found that internal outcomes, such as self-confidence, empathy, and self-reliance, were enhanced rather than external gains. One of the limitations of this study was the brevity of the exchange program, which lasted only eight days. Additionally, the current study is a small-scale study, which limits the generalizability of the results. Last but not least, only two participants placed in the researcher’s class were observed. The study poses a few implications for education policymakers, curriculum developers, and teachers. In light of the results, it is posed that adding a multicultural aspect to the teacher training curriculum is imperative for teacher empowerment. Though the literature on student exchange reports findings on the gains and challenges, there is a scarcity of studies delving into what skills students develop and how with vivid examples. In this respect, this study adds to the relevant literature.
ECONOMIC SECURITY OF DIGITAL ECOSYSTEM SOLUTIONS IN LOGISTICS
Authors: Dmitriev A. V.
Published: July 2024

The article discusses issues of ensuring economic security as one of the most important qualitative characteristics of logistics systems, which determines the ability to ensure the established parameters of material flows in the process of goods distribution when implementing digital systems and technologies. Contemporary risks and threats characteristic of the development of digital transport and logistics ecosystems are analysed. The key factors for ensuring economic security and their importance in logistics are examined from the point of view of ensuring operational control over compliance with established key indicators of product distribution. An interpretation of the concept of ‘economic security’ is given from the point of view of protecting a business entity from external and internal threats in order to increase the level of competitiveness and sustainability of business in the market. The issues of ensuring the parameters of goods distribution within the established thresholds are addressed in order to achieve the optimal functioning of the goods distribution system and to ensure the economic activity of the enterprise with all the necessary resources. Logistics systems are studied for the effective organisation and management of material flows, aimed at ensuring the reliability of operations and the implementation of the strategy of economic entities. The need to use modern digital technologies to increase the level of economic security in logistics systems and to ensure the transparency, controllability and traceability of material flows in the field of goods distribution has been demonstrated. At the same time, the very fact of digitising cargo delivery processes is considered from the perspective of the ecosystem paradigm and the platform concept. The patterns of transformation of traditional logistics operators into providers of digital logistics services are substantiated. A model of a cyber-physical ecosystem in logistics has been developed, enabling end-to-end management of business processes and data exchange in the distribution of goods.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE STRATEGY FOR A SOCIALLY RESPONSIBLE BANK
Authors: Mezentseva L. A.
Published: July 2024

The article highlights relevance of a socially oriented bank in the financial sector of the country’s economy, the specifics of its strategy and banking services. The relevance of the study lies in the need to examine complex issues of access to financial services. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the author’s position on the relevance of the strategy of a socially oriented bank. The research methodology used in the work includes: a historical method, a systematic method, a method of scientific abstraction and theoretical knowledge, not excluding logical approaches and mathematical calculations. In the course of the research, a scientific hypothesis is put forward about the impossibility of the existence of a socially oriented bank without banking services that differ in criteria from the general market. The conclusions drawn help us to actively discuss the need to increase the level of accessibility of financial services to the population of the country and to raise issues of competition in the banking sector. They broaden the discussion on commercial bank interest rates and their role in stabilising the country’s economy. The author’s position, in the conclusions, reflects the relationship of the bank’s customer, as a part of society and a commercial bank, with its services as a platform for the availability of financial services. The author concludes that there is virtually no competition between the leading banks and that the total cost of the loan varies in the range of 20-40%. Considering the bank’s customers as a part of society, the author raises social issues of financial stability of the country’s citizens through the prism of accessibility of financial services. And the financial stability of the company and the attractiveness of internal financing are important, relevant and complex issues in modern Russia.

The scientific novelty of the article lies in the fact that it explains the relationship between society and the state through financial institutions and the services they provide, reflecting the bank’s social policy as an integral part of its strategy.
Digital approach to estimate clinical images of the cervix with ImageJ software
Authors: Dushkin Alexander D. , Afanasiev Maxim S. , Afanasiev Stanislav S. , Grishacheva Tatyana G. , Karaulov Alexander V.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Visual inspection and colposcopy are subjective methods of cervical evaluation. Currently, the majority of colposcopes are equipped with the capacity to digitally transmit and record cervical images, in addition to modern software for image processing. For the objective assessment, prevention of development, and risk assessment of precancerous changes (SIL+) and cervical cancer, it is essential to use modern methods of image processing.
AIM: The study aimed at demonstrating the capabilities of digital analysis of cervical images based on ImageJ software [1].
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 500 colposcopic images of the Schiller test were obtained during dilated colposcopy. Digital analysis was performed using ImageJ software, which employed minimum (MinGV) and maximum (MaxGV) gray pixel values (0–255) and lesion surface area (%Area) as parameters. The images were divided into 4 groups according to the cytologic examination performed: healthy donors (n=19; 3.8%), mild grade squamous cell intraepithelial lesion (n=113; 22.6%), severe grade squamous cell intraepithelial lesion (n=327; 65.4%), and invasive cervical cancer (n=41; 8.2%). Mathematical and statistical analysis of the obtained data was performed using Python programming language packages in the Google Colab environment. Comparisons of quantitative measures between three or more groups were conducted using the Kruskal-Wallis criterion and posteriori comparisons by Dunn’s criterion with Holm’s correction.
RESULSTS: Statistical significance was observed in the increase of MinGV (p=0.035), MaxGV (p0.001) and %Area (p=0.022) from the mild (88/141/31) to the severe (83/142/32) degree of squamous cell intraepithelial lesion and cervical cancer (88/162/36). Objective parameters for the assessment of the degree of cervical surface lesions during digital colposcopy were obtained. Digital analysis of the cervical surface may assist the clinical specialist in determining further management strategies, including scarification or incisional biopsy with subsequent morphological examination.
CONCLUSIONS: The application of digital analysis to colposcopic images has the potential to reduce the subjective assessment of cervical condition, enhance the efficiency of the initial appointment with a gynecologist, and facilitate the selection of patients for cytologic examination.
Epidemiological analysis of pulmonary artery dilation prevalence in Moscow: automated computed tomography image analysis
Authors: Solovev Alexander V. , Sinitsyn Valentin E. , Sokolova Maria V. , Kudryavtsev Nikita D. , Vladzymyrskyy Anton A. , Semenov Dmitry S.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: The state of health of the pulmonary system and its impact on the overall well-being of the individual is an important aspect of modern medicine. Despite continuous progress in diagnostics and technology, epidemiologic data on pulmonary trunk health at the population level in Russia remain understudied. In the context of this problem, the present study is an in-depth population-based analysis of the status of pulmonary trunk dilatation using modern technology and artificial intelligence [1].
Pulmonary trunk dilatation (≥29 mm) may be associated with various pathologies including arterial hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart failure, and other diseases of the circulatory system [2].
AIM: The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of pulmonary trunk dilatation in the Moscow population using artificial intelligence technologies.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted between September 2022 and February 2023 in the population of Moscow. A large amount of chest CT data was analyzed, including information on 134,218 patients (61,514 men and 72,704 women). Artificial intelligence technologies were used to automatically process this data.
RESULTS: The results show that 49,227 (36.7%) patients — 23,720 (38.6%) men and 25,507 (35.1%) women — had evidence of pulmonary trunk dilatation. The analysis shows gender and age differences in the incidence of the pathology. The distribution of pulmonary trunk dilatation in the population shows age dependence. The percentage of patients with signs of pulmonary trunk dilatation increases with age: from 18.1% in the group of young people to 62.2% in the group of elderly people.
CONCLUSIONS: The study provides the first epidemiological data on pulmonary trunk dilatation in Moscow and emphasizes the importance of further research in this area. The findings may serve as a basis for the development of effective diagnostic and treatment strategies, as well as for further research in the field of artificial intelligence in medicine.
Assessing the quality of life in children with severe forms of spastic paralysis after reconstructive surgery of the hip joints as part of multilevel orthopedic interventions
Authors: Tomov Akhmed D. , Popkov Dmitriy A.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Hip dislocation causes a reduction or loss of passive verticalization, negatively affects sitting posture, and predisposes to the development of early coxarthrosis with severe pain and severe osteoporosis and formation of a vicious alignment of the limbs, which worsens the child’s quality of life.
AIM: To assess the quality of life and motor capabilities of children with cerebral palsy who underwent reconstructive surgery of the hip joints as part of multi-level interventions based on literature data and our own experience.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Treatment in 68 children who underwent surgical treatment as part of multi-level interventions, where the central link of the pathology was hip subluxation/dislocation, was analyzed.
RESULTS: Surgical reconstructive treatment improved the quality of life to varying degrees in all patients. The improvement occurred by reducing absence from social events/school, reducing or completely relieving pain, and improving rehabilitation potential.
CONCLUSION: Performing multilevel interventions, including reconstructive surgery of the hip joint, in children with severe cerebral palsy leads to increased quality of life — physical and psychosocial functioning.
Neuropathic pain syndrome during surgical interventions on the lumbar spine
Authors: Leonova Olga N. , Nazarenko Anton G. , Baykov Evgenii S. , Kuzmin Nikita S. , Balychev Gleb E. , Krutko Aleksandr V.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: The presence of neuropathic pain syndrome (NPS) in patients with degenerative spinal diseases can make determining the tactics of surgical treatment challenging and increases the risk of residual or recurrent pain syndrome after surgery.
AIM: To investigate the perioperative course in patients with degenerative diseases of the lumbar spine depending on NPS.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective observational study included patients with planned surgical treatment for degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis. The study design included two visits: preoperative and 3 months after surgery follow-up. NPS assessment (DN4), back and leg pain intensity (NPRS back, NPRS leg), and disability index (ODI) were collected in both visits.
RESULTS: Overall, 169 patients were included; 48.5% of patients had NPS initially and 26% had NPS after surgery. NPS remained in 7.3% of patients and developed in 13% without initial signs before surgery. Patients with NPS upon admission had a higher intensity of pain in the back (6.82±2.41 vs. 5.42±2.66; p=0.041) and legs (7.43±2.34 vs. 6.32±2.16; p=0.017) than non-NPS patients. Patients with NPS at 3-month follow-up had higher intensity of pain in the back (4.31±2.52 vs. 2.31±2.38; p=0.012) and legs (4.71±2.91 vs. 1.55±2.27; p=0.003) than non-NPS patients.
CONCLUSION: Thus, 48.5% of patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis had NPS before surgical treatment, and in 13% of patients, neuropathy developed after surgery. Patients with NPS, identified before surgical treatment or after surgery, have a higher pain intensity (1.2–1.3 times higher before surgery, 1.9–3 times higher after surgery) and report less pain regression after surgery. The presence of neuropathic pain syndrome at all periods of observation (or its appearance) complicates patient recovery and postoperative observation.
Spinal deformities and other orthopedic disorders in children with pectus carinatum
Authors: Vorobyeva Ekaterina A. , Razumovskiy Alexander Y. , Dubrov Vadim E. , Vybornov Dmitry Y. , Krest’yashin Il’ya V. , Mitupov Zoricto B. , Vakhova Ekaterina L. , Shominova Alena O.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Owing to its clear clinical manifestation, pectus carinatum is often the reason for the initial visit to the doctor of children with several concomitant orthopedic abnormalities.
AIM: To identify concomitant orthopedic disorders in children with pectus carinatum and assess their frequency, clinical manifestations, and relationships with various modifiable and non-modifiable factors.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This observational, single-center, cross-sectional study included 147 patients aged 5–17 years with pectus carinatum. Orthopedic examination and radiography of the spine were performed. Categorical values were described by reporting absolute values and percentages in the sample and quantitatively using arithmetic averages and standard deviations. The Student’s T-test and Chi-square coefficient were used for assessing the relationship (p 0.05).
RESULTS: In 3/147 (2.0%) children, pectus carinatum was a symptom of genetically confirmed Marfan syndrome. Among 147 children with pectus carinatum, 56 (38.1%) complained of back pain, 125 (85.0%) had a mobile plano-valgus foot, and 108 (73.5%) had postural disorders. Scheuermann disease was detected in 22 (15.0%) children and signs of spinal osteochondrosis in 57 (38.8%). Back pain was associated with sclerosis/usuration of the vertebral end plates. Children who regularly engaged in sports involving forceful load on the back muscles complained of pain less often, regardless of the degree of spine deformity.
CONCLUSIONS: Mobile flat foot, sagittal component of posture disorders, and spinal osteochondrosis are common in children with pectus carinatum. Thus, children with keel chest deformity should undergo orthopedic examination and spinal X-ray in a standing position. Because of the high incidence of back pain and its association with insufficient muscular frame development, children with pectus carinatum are recommended to regularly engage in physical therapy and/or sports associated with loads on the back muscles.
Peter I's Reforms and Crisis Processes in the Russian State
Authors: Popov Gregory G. ,   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Zababurin Alexander V. ,   Gzhel State University
Published: July 2024

The article explores the economic foundations of Peter the Great's reforms, positing that the economy was of utmost importance for the Romanov political regime at the end of the 17th century. By the latter half of the 17th century, Russian agriculture was beset by numerous crises, such as limited expansion opportunities for peasant households. As the 18th century approached, Russia's population growth began outpacing the agrarian sector's production capabilities. Peter the Great's reforms thus provided the necessary conditions to curb the deepening crisis in agriculture. However, these reforms were accompanied by inflation, a consequence of diminished budgetary discipline. The authors concentrate on the final decade of the 17th century and the first decade of the 18th century, identifying this era as a pivotal moment in Russia's economic evolution. The study reveals that Peter the Great's administration was compelled to shift from free-market principles to a regulated market economy due to persistent stagnation in the agrarian sector. The regime under Peter I is characterized as adhering to mercantilist policies. Furthermore, the authors ascertain that Russia's per capita GDP at the start of the 18th century was roughly five times lower than that of the Netherlands during the same period.
Analysis of Institutional Isomorphism in Conditions of Digitization of Public Procurement
Authors: Firsov Evgeny I. ,   South Federal University
Published: July 2024

To date, the advantages of electronic procurement have been identified and studied in depth based on the experience of public and private organizations. This study aims to explore the rationale for the adoption of digitalization of procurement reform in the public sector and identify institutional isomorphism, which should allow assessing the perception of digitalization of procurement by public sector entities and suggesting that there are certain consequences and barriers to their adaptation to technological innovations that result from institutional isomorphism Electronic procurement, the use of information technology to automate procurement procedures, is a strategic tool for improving the management of an organization’s supply chains and its efficiency, and increasing competitiveness. One of the factors, the study of which in domestic science has not yet received due attention, but which determines the actions and results of a budgetary institution regarding the introduction of innovative procurement technologies, is institutional isomorphism. It is thanks to him that organizations legitimately fit into the formal and informal rules and norms that make up the institutional structure of the public procurement market. Therefore, procurement tenderers need to constantly overcome isomorphism. Moreover, this is important not only for accelerating the digital transformation of the contract system, but also its perception by public sector entities. Based on this, the purpose of this part of the study is to, using institutional theory as a methodological basis, identify the role of institutional isomorphism in the perception of e-procurement systems by public sector actors.
Psychosomatic Syndrome and Disease-Related Appraisals in IBS and CD Patients as a Challenge for Psychological Support
Authors: Banakiewicz Agata , Banasik Maria , Kulik Agnieszka
Published: July 2024

It has been noticed that more and more people struggle with chronic psychosomatic diseases from the gastrointestinal system, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and Crohn’s disease (CD). Chronic psychosomatic diseases of the gastrointestinal system are characterized by a long duration of symptoms, abdominal pain, lengthy diagnostic process, a lot of medical tests, an ambiguous etiology. Patients need support in coping with their ailments and their consequences. The study included 101 respondents; the majority of respondents were women (79.2%). The project addressed the following questions: What are the psychosomatic characteristics of subjects with IBS and CD? What are the differences in the severity of cognitive evaluation of the disease situation due to the presence of psychosomatic syndromes? What is the relationship between the number of psychosomatic syndromes and disease evaluation? The study was conducted mainly using the snowball method. The research had a two-stage: a semi-structured interview (DCPR-S-SSI) and a paper-and-pencil questionnaire (KOS version B). Data suggests that: group of respondents had characteristic psychosomatic syndromes, i.e. allostatic overload, type A behavior pattern, demoralization, irritable state; there are statistically significant differences in the assessment of disease significance due to the presence of psychosomatic syndromes and their number in sufferers; the more psychosomatic syndromes are present in patients with IBS and CD, the greater the intensity of disease significance as harm/loss and threat. Identified assessments of the meaning of illness in conjunction with psychosomatic syndromes are a challenge for psychological support.
Social Support for Elderly People on the Example of the “Senior Support Corps” Program Implemented in the Chorzów Commune
Authors: Gierek Piotr
Published: July 2024

The article presents the problem of social support, especially its selected aspects (support for seniors in the family), in the seniors’ opinion – participants of the program of the Ministry of Family and Social Policy titled “Senior Support Corps” (including the involvement of volunteers providing help to people in need), implemented in the Chorzów commune in 2022. This problem became an inspiration to conduct qualitative research using a semi-structured interview questionnaire, in which 14 seniors took part. The aim was to assess selected aspects of support under the “Senior Support Corps” program. The main research problem was formulated as follows: What is the assessment of the support received by its participants under the discussed program implemented in the Chorzów commune? Research questions: What types of support are preferred among the surveyed elderly people and how do the respondents evaluate individual types of support under the “Senior Support Corps” program? How do respondents evaluate the work of volunteers under the “Senior Support Corps” program? How do respondents view the continuation of activities under the “Senior Support Corps” program in the coming years? The research shows that elderly people previously struggled with loneliness, a sense of alienation and a lack of interpersonal contacts. Thanks to the help and presence of volunteers, seniors could spend their time actively, talking, walking or integrating together. Providing seniors with support and assistance in everyday activities and facilitating access to basic health care was also important. The participation of the respondents in the program significantly increased their activity, regained their self-confidence and became open to other people. Seniors assessed the services provided by volunteers very highly and unanimously stated that the program should be continued in the coming years as it prevents social isolation and promotes the idea of active aging.
Problems of Older People Are One of the Greatest Challenges for Social Work: Introduction to the Issue
Authors: Kanios Anna , Weissbrot-Koziarska Anna , Lada Anna
Published: July 2024

The article is an introduction to the characteristics of issues related to the area of social work activities. The main assumption is to show the role of state social policy in solving social problems, especially those related to demographic processes. The content of the included analyzes refers to problems in the area of old age and the aging of society as well as the tasks faced by social workers in the perspective of old and new social challenges.
Tőkespekuláció és képviseleti válság a neoliberális társadalomban
Authors: Csigó Péter
Published: July 2024

Bourdieu tőkeelméletének központi érve a posztindusztriális diskurzusok idealizáló feltevéseivel szemben az, hogy a jóléti kapitalista társadalom árubőségének, sokválasztásos fogyasztói környezetének fő következménye nem a társadalom individualizálódása, hanem az, hogy az árucsere és fogyasztás folyamata válik a tőkefelhalmozás és a hatalmi-egyenlőtlenségi újratermelődés fő közvetítőjévé. Kétségtelen, Bourdieu szinte látnoki módon ismerte fel már a ’70-es években, hogy a fejlett kapitalizmus anyagi és szimbolikus javainak egyre nagyobb részét tekintik a társadalmi szereplők tőkeeszköznek, használják befektetésként, melytől nyereséget remélnek, azt, hogy stabilizálni tudják gazdasági-társadalmi pozíciójukat. E tanulmányban amellett érvelek, hogy a bourdieu-i szintézis nem visz közelebb a neoliberális kapitalizmus „tőkepiaci” logikájának, azaz a financializáció, a járadékvadászat, a tőkeeszköz-gazdaság strukturális logikája által meghatározott társadalmi folyamatok megértéséhez, mert e folyamatok értelmezésében – bármennyire ellépne is tőlük –, a posztindusztriális és neoliberális diskurzusok „társutasa” marad. Bourdieu hiába próbálta a neoklasszikus árupiac individualizáló modelljét a „feje tetejéről a talpára állítani” és feltárni a kulturális választások valódi, tőkeakkumulációs természetét – azzal, hogy a szimbolikus és társadalmi tőkék cseréjének folyamatait a neoklasszikus árupiaci modellbe integrálva értelmezi, ignorálja a tőkepiaci csere sajátosságát, különbségét az árucserétől, ezáltal súlytalanná teszi saját elméleti felfedezését a szimbolikus javak kettős természetéről, egyidejű árujellegéről és tőkeeszközjellegéről. A kulturális javak és képviseleti javak kommodifikációja és „tőkeeszközösödése” két egymástól radikálisan különböző piaci értékelési logikát hívnak életre: az árupiac fogyasztói értékelési logikáját és a tőkepiac spekulatív értékelési logikáját. Márpedig e két, egymást kizáró logika egyidejűleg formálja és ezáltal túldeterminálja a társadalmi rendszereket, melyekben kaotikus folyamatok szabadulnak el – megkérdőjelezve a társadalmi rend legitimációját és stabilitását magyarázó bourdieu-i tőkeelméletet.
Bourdieu és az individualizáció paradoxona
Authors: Havrancsik Dániel
Published: July 2024

Már Pierre Bourdieu munkásságának kibontakozásával egyidőben jelentkeztek olyan kritikák, melyek az individuális cselekvők döntéseinek autonómiáját hangsúlyozva bírálták a cselekvést strukturális meghatározottságokra visszavezetni kívánó elméletét. Az azóta eltelt évtizedekben a francia és a német szakirodalomban egyaránt megjelentek olyan értékelések, melyek szerint az egyén társadalmi térben elfoglalt pozíciójának pontos meghatározhatóságát posztuláló, döntéseit e pozícióra visszavezetni kívánó megközelítése egyre kevésbé tűnik alkalmasnak a makroszintű rétegződési viszonyok, az egyéni életpályák és a cselekvők által megélt hétköznapi tapasztalat érvényes empirikus és elméleti megragadására. Írásomban azt igyekszem feltérképezni, hogy mely Bourdieu által meghozott döntések eredménye az, hogy elméletének látszólagos meggyőző ereje az individualizálódás tendenciáinak kibontakozásával arányosan csökken. A „szubjektivista” és „objektivista” szociológiai megközelítések névleges szintetizálása során – explicite mindössze a fenomenológiai orientációjú szociológiával konfrontálódva – Bourdieu kimondatlanul a megértő szociológiai program egészével szembehelyezkedve határozta meg álláspontját. Véleményem szerint ennek köszönhető, hogy elmélete nem rendelkezik azzal a felbontóképességgel, amelyet a strukturális individualizálódás viszonyainak modellálása megkövetelne. Bourdieu a megértő szociológiával szakítva mondott le azokról a biztosítékokról, amelyek hiányában elméletét joggal érheti a strukturális determinizmus vádja. Az individualizáció folyamatát feltérképezni óhajtó szociológus paradox helyzetben találja magát: a megszokott makrostrukturális elemzési kategóriák jelentőségének fajlagos csökkenésével kutatása tárgya kicsúszni látszik kezei közül, ugyanakkor a tendencia kétségtelen társadalmi-strukturális meghatározottságára való tekintettel joggal érzi magát illetékesnek a kérdés vizsgálatában. A paradoxon feloldására tett javaslatom: a Bourdieu-féle elméleti keretet olyan referenciapontként érdemes tekintetbe vennünk a makroléptékű individualizálódási folyamat kutatásakor, mely kiindulópontot kínál egy olyan nem pusztán az individuális, de hangsúlyosan a szubjektív szemszöget előnyben részesítő megértő szociológiai megközelítés számára, melyet a weberi értelemben véve érvényes, vagyis nem csupán kauzálisan, de értelmi szempontból is adekvát eredmények közlésének vágya motivál.
El patrimonio cultural de comunidades originarias: Fallos de la Corte Suprema de Justicia Argentina
Authors: Sbdar Claudia Beatriz
Published: July 2024

Este trabajo pretende identificar los pronunciamientos de la Corte Suprema de Justicia de la Nación argentina sobre protección del patrimonio cultural de las comunidades indígenas en la órbita del derecho constitucional al ambiente sano. Tal derecho ha sido reconocido en el art. 41 de la Constitución nacional, que además establece el deber de preservar el patrimonio natural y cultural enmarcado en el desarrollo sostenible, el que reclama la satisfacción del crecimiento económico y las necesidades actuales sin comprometer los recursos y capacidades de las generaciones futuras. El alcance del patrimonio cultural se ha modificado. Es entendido ahora como la representación de una identidad colectiva y de su desarrollo histórico, significado reconocido por la jurisprudencia de la corte argentina en el ámbito de la protección del ambiente y del respeto a la preexistencia étnica y cultural.
Dynamic & static visual acuity chart – past, present & future: A brief review
Authors: Sharma Navneet , Thakur Renu
Published: July 2024

This study is a review for the dynamic visual acuity (DVA) its various methods of assessment used in the past, at present and for the future in the clinical practice.

Various previously literatures from Google Scholar, PubMed, Medline Plus, Scopus were studied and reviewed thoroughly. Different techniques and methods which are used for the assessment of the dynamic visual acuity in the past and in the current clinical practice and also the use of immersive technology like AR/VR/MR for the future scenario for DVAT also reviewed in this study.

In many different environments and professions, such as driving, sports, and for special forces, the measurement of visual acuity, particularly the dynamic visual acuity, is crucial. As we all live in a three-dimensional environment, therefore, it is important to use immersive technology, such as AR, VR, and MR, to measure dynamic visual acuity since it can create a real-world environment while doing so and produce better findings.
Forensic optometry: A new era called bionic eye
Authors: Sharma Komal , Rawat Anjali , Kausar Sabeeha , Madishetti Naveen Kumar , Khan Moin
Published: July 2024

The discipline of visual bionics has seen tremendous advancements during the past ten years. The article  provides a full and pertinent account of the work made thus far. The study identifies and analyses the main traits and limitations of the patient studies that have been attempted internationally.

Perhaps the biggest hope in the realm of sensory is to give blind people their sight physiology back. There has been and still is significant scepticism among the vision community over the viability of a comparable & Bionic approach to vision.

An artificial retina is created to restore photoreceptor function that has been impaired due to retinal degeneration. The artificial eye catches light and transforms it into a digital signal using devices like surveillance footage, desktops and laptops and electrodes. The cerebral cortex receives this electrical signal, which generates a fresh simulation of vision. This is distinct from implanted lenses or low-vision equipment, which aim to improve a person’s current eyesight.

The present initiatives seek to supply enough electricity to operate several electrodes safely. New material development and manufacturing techniques will be essential in overcoming these obstacles. This requirement emphasises how interdisciplinary researches and studies are important for human vision; For instance, product researchers are equally crucial as electrical professionals, BTech Bio Tech Professionals and vision specialists in the development for the Bionic or artificial eye.
Visual outcome following cataract surgery in diabetic retinopathy patients
Authors: Pramod Maria , Radhakrishnan B , Kumar Sathish
Published: July 2024

This study was conducted to find out the visual outcomes and factors that affect visual outcomes following cataract surgery in diabetic retinopathy patients.

: The study included 200 patients, 100 patients with diabetes but without diabetic retinopathy, and 100 patients with diabetic retinopathy for this study. The duration of diabetics will be equal in two groups. Ophthalmic examination included visual acuity, anterior segment, and fundus examination- stage of retinopathy pre and post-operative, evaluation 12 months postoperatively included visual acuity (VA), retinopathy progression, and macular edema incidence.

: Postoperative visual acuity increased by 2 or more lines in patients. Progression of retinopathy occurred in 26.5% of eyes after cataract surgery and in 9.5% of non-operated fellow eyes. The most common complication during surgery was intraoperative miosis accounting for 12%. The most common long-term complication after surgery was cystoid macular edema. The most common complication following surgery was corneal edema (19%)

Cataract surgery in diabetic patients results in a good visual outcome. However, duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus plays an important role in progression of cataract. Poor control of diabetes mellitus was associated with an earlier onset of diabetic retinopathy, as well as the progression of previously controlled retinopathy. Uncomplicated cataract surgery seems to exacerbate the progression of DR in patients with worse-controlled diabetes.