bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FRACTIONS OF THE HEXANE EXTRACT OF YOUNG CARICA PAPAYA SEEDS CAN INHIBIT SPERMATOGENESIS IN MALE MICE MORE THAN FRACTION OF THE METHANOL EXTRACT OF YOUNG CARICA PAPAYA SEEDS
Authors: Satriyasa Bagus Komang
Published: December 2022

Fraction of hexane extract contains glycosides and triterpenoids, which isassumed to have an anti fertility ingredient, so it can be used as a male contraceptive,although the mechanism of action is not yet clear.This study used the pre-test and post-test control group design, using 30 malemice of balb C strain, aged 12 weeks, weight 20-22 gram, subsequently grouped byrandom into 3 groups each consisting of 10 male mice. One control group (P0 = controlgroup) was given double distilled water, and two treatment groups (P1 = treatment group)was given fraction of the hexane extract of young Carica papaya seed 20 mg/20gram/day,P2 = treatment group) was given fraction of the methanol extract of young Carica papayaseed 20 mg/20 gram/day). After 36 days of treatment, evaluation of the testis and blood,of the male mice was conducted.Data were analysed by normality test of Kolmogorov Smirnov Goodness of Fit,homogeneity test, and Anova test. This study showed that cells of spermatogonia A,primary pakhiten spermatocyte, spermatid, and Sertoli cells, decreased significantly (p <0,05) but Leydig cells and testosterone were not decreased significantly (p > 0,05).It is concluded that fraction of hexane extract of carica papaya seeds can decreasethe mean number of cells spermatogonia A, spermatocyte of primary pakhiten, spermatid,Sertoli, and Leydig cells and the level of testosterone hormone better than fraction ofmethanol extract of young Carica papaya seeds.
Ergonomic Redesign of Computer Laboratory to Improve Electric Power Performance and Working Efficiency
Authors: Wijaya I Ketut , Adi Putra I Nyoman , Sutajaya I Made , Sari Hartati Rukmi
Published: December 2022

The current problems in the Computer Laboratory of Udayana UniversityTechnical Engineering Faculty include non-standard room temperature of 28 0 C, nonstandardlight intensity average in the room of 110 lux, seat height of 43 cm and tableheight of 74,50 cm being not adapted to the workersâ€™ anthropometric measurements, anddazzling white-colored curtains. Baseline data on six students after 3-hour workingrevealed the following findings: eye fatigue 81%â€™ and general fatigue 88%;musculoskeletal complaints 51%; average learning achievement 59.5%, performance16.25%, and efficiency 10.09%. In an effort to improve the working conditions, a totalexperimental ergonomic intervention in the form of redesigning the Computer Laboratorywas introduced.In this study 30 subjects were recruited. The data collected were analyzed by usingdesriptive statistics, normality test, comparability test, and paired-simple t-test with asignificant level of 5%.Total ergonomic intervention has resulted in a decrease of room temperature from280 C to 25.830 C (p<0.05), increase in light intensity from 110 lux to 136.67 lux, decreasein eye fatigue from 81% to 23% (p<0.05), decrease in general fatique 88% to 41%,decrease in musculoskeletal complaints from 51% to 11% (p<0.05), increase in learningachievement score from 59.5% to 89.5% (p<0.05), increase in performance from 16.25%to 41.25%, and increase in efficiency from 10.09% to 75.09% (p<.05).The results of this study revealed that appropriate total ergonomic intervention in acomputer laboratory had succeeded in improving the quality of working and performanceof the workers.
Perbedaan rasio neutrofil-limfosit terhadap lama rawat anak dengan pneumonia di Ruang Kaswari, RSUD Wangaya, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Wasita I Kadek Serisana , Setiawan Putu Andrie , Suryawan I Wayan Bikin , Widiasa Anak Agung Made
Published: December 2022

Background: Pneumonia is one of the most common causes of lower respiratory tract infections and ranked second to the cause of infant mortality (23.8%) and toddlers (15.5%) in Indonesia. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) can be used as an indicator of the systemic inflammatory response due to pneumonia infection. This study aims to determine the difference in the value of RNL and the outcome of pediatric pneumonia.Methods: Analytical observational study with cross-sectional study design was conducted among 40 children with pneumonia who were admitted to the Kaswari Room at Wangaya Hospital in Denpasar City from January 2018 - March 2019 and fulfilled the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. The sample is determined by consecutive sampling. In this study, data regarding complete blood count were obtained from medical record register books (documentation). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24 for Mac OSX.Result: There was no significant difference between patients with pneumonia who were hospitalized â‰¤ 4 days with those hospitalized> 4 days (P>0.05). Most of the samples were between 1 month to 1 year (62.5%) and more were male samples (55). There is a significant difference in the value of NLR (1.18 (0.07-13.83); p = 0.028) for the length of stay.Conclusion: There are significant differences in the value of the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in the length of stay of pediatric patients with pneumonia in the Kaswari room of Wangaya Hospital, Denpasar City.Â Latar Belakang: Pneumonia merupakan salah satu penyebab infeksi saluran napas bawah terbanyak menduduki peringkat kedua penyebab kematian bayi (23,8%) dan balita (15,5%) di Indonesia. Rasio neutrofil-limfosit (RNL) dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu indikator terhadap respon inflamasi sistemik akibat infeksi pneumonia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan nilai RNL pada luaran penyakit pneumonia anak.Metode: Penelitian observasional analitik dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional dilakukan terhadap 40 pasien anak dengan pneumonia yang dirawat di Ruang Kaswari RSUD Wangaya Kota Denpasar sejak bulan Januari 2018 â€“ Maret 2019 serta memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan kriteria eksklusi Sampel ditentukan dengan cara consequtive sampling. Data tentang darah lengkap pada penelitian ini diperoleh dari buku register rekam medis (dokumentasi). Data dianalisis dengan SPSS versi 24 untuk Mac OSX.Hasil: Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara pasien pneumonia yang dirawat inap â‰¤ 4 hari dengan yang dirawat inap > 4 hari (P>0,05). Sebagian besar sampel berusia antara 1 bulan hingga 1 tahun (62,5%) dan lebih banyak yang sampel berjenis kelamin laki-laki (55). Terdapat perbedaan nilai RNL yang signifikan (1,18 (0,07-13,83); p=0,028) pada lama rawat inap.Simpulan: Â Terdapat perbedaan bermakna nilai rasio neutrofil-limfosit pada lama rawat pasien anak dengan pneumonia di ruang Kaswari RSUD Wangaya Kota Denpasar.
A case of secondary syphilis with stage four HIV infection accompanied with tuberculous lymphadenitis in bisexual man
Authors: Puspawati Ni Made Dwi , Suryawati Ni Nyoman , Sudarsa Prima Sanjiwani S.
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is still a major health issue nowadays. Several studies have shown an increased incidence of STIs in the group of man who has sex with man (MSM) and bisexuals when compared to heterosexual men or women. This is inseparable from risky sexual behaviour practiced by this population, so it is not impossible for individual in this population to be suffering from more than one STI.Case description: We report one case of secondary syphilis with fourth stage HIV infection accompanied with tuberculous lymphadenitis in a bisexual man.Conclusion: Management of each specific condition have to in accordance with treatment standards guideline. Long term evaluation regarding patient compliance, laboratory serology test, and further education regarding the disease and transmission are mandatory.
Diagnosis dan manajemen pada blefaritis anterior dan posterior
Authors: Utami Gusti Ayu Dian Listyani
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Blepharitis is a chronic inflammatory condition of the eyelid margin. Blepharitis can be distinguished based on its location, namely anterior and posterior blepharitis. Anterior blepharitis is bilateral inflammation that occurs in the area around the base of the eyelashes and on the edge of the eyelid. Anterior blepharitis generally has two main types, namely, staphylococcal blepharitis and seborrheic blepharitis. Posterior blepharitis is inflammation of the eyelid on the posterior side due to dysfunction of the meibomian gland, chronic and bilateral.Aim: The aim of the study is to describe the comprehensive review regarding diagnosis and management of blepharitisConclusion: The general management used to relieve symptoms of blepharitis are warm compresses, cleaning the eyelids, including massage of the meibomian glands in cases of posterior blepharitis, antibiotic therapy (topically or systemically), topical anti-inflammatory, combination of antibiotics and topical corticosteroids, calcineuric inhibitor and Intensed Light Pulse (IPL) therapy. The treatment of blepharitis is done in combination to increase its effectiveness and get better treatment results. However, further research is still needed to select the regimen that has the highest efficacy and safety because blepharitis is a chronic disease with a high recurrence rate.  Pendahuluan: Blefaritis merupakan peradangan yang bersifat kronis atau menahun dan pada umumnya berlokasi pada tepi kelopak mata. Blefaritis dapat dibedakan berdasarkan lokasinya yaitu blefaritis anterior dan posterior. Blefaritis anterior adalah peradangan bilateral yang terjadi di daerah sekitar dasar bulu mata dan pada tepi kelopak mata. Blefaritis anterior pada umumnya memiliki dua jenis utama yaitu, blefaritis stafilokokus dan blefaritis seboroik. Blefaritis posterior adalah peradangan kelopak mata pada bagian posterior akibat disfungsi dari kelenjar meibom, bersifat kronis dan bilateral.Tujuan: Tujuan dari tinjauan pustaka ini adalah untuk memberikan gambaran komperhensif akan diagnosis dan tatalaksanan dari bleparitis posterior.Simpulan: Manajemen umum yang gunakan untuk meringankan gejala blefaritis adalah kompres hangat, pembersihkan kelopak mata, termasuk didalamnya adalah pemijatan pada kelenjar meibom dalam kasus blefaritis posterior, terapi antibiotika (secara topical maupun sistemik), anti inflamasi topikal, kombinasi antibiotika dan kortikosteroid topikal dan calcineuric inhibitor serta intense light pulse therapy (IPL). Penanganan blefaritis dilakukan secara kombinasi untuk meningkatkan efektifitas dan mendapatkan hasil pengobatan yang lebih baik. Namun masih diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut guna memilih regimen yang memiliki efikasi dan keamanan yang paling tinggi karena blefaritis merupakan penyakit kronis dengan tingkat kekambuhan yang tinggi.
Osteomielitis kronis yang terabaikan selama 15 tahun pada usia dewasa: laporan kasus
Authors: Yadnya I Putu Oka Buda , Kesuma Anak Agung Ngurah Ronny , Saputra I Komang Agus Krisna , Mendra I Komang Mahendra Laksana
Published: December 2022

Background: Osteomyelitis has its challenges in its management. Not only because it requires time and cost in treatment, but also a collaboration between doctors, the patient and the environment of family and significant person to the patient himself to achieve optimal management.
Case Description: This report was conducted to find the therapy results in a patient with a diagnosis of chronic osteomyelitis, which has suffered the patient for 15 years. This study used a case reports study. Therapy given to the 29 years old male patient with a diagnosis of chronic osteomyelitis of the right femur Cierny Mader IVA was debridement and incision, as well as giving empirical antibiotics according to culture results. The result of the treatment was satisfactory.
Conclusion: The patient’s condition improved, and no complaints were reported. The patient can do activities with an assistive device.
 
Latar Belakang: Osteomielitis memiliki tantangan tersendiri dalam penatalaksanaanya, selain karena membutuhkan waktu dan biaya dalam pengobatan, dibutuhkan kerjasama antara dokter, pasien dan lingkungan baik itu keluarga ataupun orang terdekat pasien itu sendiri agar dapat mencapai penatalaksanaan yang optimal.
Deskripsi Kasus: Laporan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil pemberian terapi pada pasien dengan diagnosa osteomielitis kronis yang sudah diderita oleh pasien sejak 15 tahun yang lalu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode laporan kasus. Terapi yang diberikan kepada pasien laki-laki 29 tahun dengan diagnosa osteomielitis kronis femur kanan cierny mader IVA berupa debridemen dan insisi, disertai pemberian antibiotik empirik sesuai hasil kultur. Hasil dari pemberian terapi tersebut cukup memuaskan.
Kesimpulan: Pasien mengalami perbaikan kondisi dan tidak didapatkan keluhan serta pasien dapat beraktifitas dengan alat bantu
A case report: a 38-year-old man with vivax relapse malaria
Authors: Paramitha Ayu Agung Pradnya , Darmawan I Putu Gede Putra , Fitriani Rachmawanti Agustina
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Malaria is a parasitic disease caused by blood protozoa of the Plasmodium genus transmitted through the bite of a female Anopheles mosquito. Indonesia is still an endemic area, especially in the eastern regions. About 40% of malaria cases in the world are caused by Plasmodium vivax. Tertiana or vivax malaria can cause relapse because it has a hypnozoite stage that is dormant in the liver. This case report will discuss a case of relapse vivax malaria with thrombocytopenia.
Case Illustration: A 38-year-old man came to the emergency room consciously with a fever complaint since 4 days before entering the hospital. Fever occurred throughout the body, disappeared, accompanied by chills and sweating. On the second day the fever began to decrease somewhat but the next day the fever began to increase. The patient has a history of serving in Papua and contracted malaria 3 months before entering the hospital. While in Papua, the patient worked as a supporter for the 2021 PON event and malaria treatment was not complete. A complete blood examination found thrombocytopenia and microscopic examination of thin drops of the presence of ring-shaped Plasmodium vivax. The patient is diagnosed with vivax relapse malaria. The patient was treated with antimalarial therapy with DHP 4 tablets in a day for 3 days and primaquine 2 tablets in a day for 14 days. Monitoring therapy was done on the eighth day, with microscopic examination, and the result was negative malaria plasmodium.
Conclusion: This case report discusses vivax relapse malaria and proper management to irradiate the hypnozoite stage which has an important role in the recurrence phase.
Bilateral femoral agenesis in 3-month-old baby: A case report
Authors: Foris Emiliana Susanti , Mario Realino Nara  , Defranky Theodorus
Published: December 2022

Background: Bilateral congenital femoral agenesis is a rare congenital anomaly. To our knowledge, there have only been three examples of simple congenital abnormalities linked to the femoral facial syndrome. We present a straightforward case of bilateral femoral agenesis in a 3-month-old female infant who did not have femoral facial syndrome and whose mother did not have diabetes.
Discussion: Bilateral femoral agenesis is a rare and unusual anomaly; only six cases have been reported. Other structural are often involved; these include the acetabulum, musculature, vessels, and ligaments of the knee, tibia, fibula, and foot. In our case, there are no other anomalies found. The majority of cases, however, are sporadic; therefore, the parents may be reassured that the risk of further offspring being affected is negligible. The classification by Aitken is widely used. This classification is based on the severity of the hip and femur radiographic findings
Case Presentation: A 3-month-old female baby presents with a complaint of short stature. The baby was born full term spontaneous labor, 2570 grams vigorous and started to cry immediately after birth. The mother has no history of diabetes, cigarette smoking, and exposure to teratogens. The parents were not related by blood. X-ray examination showed bilateral agenesis of the femur, normal tibia and fibula, and proximal cruris in lateral acetabula.
Conclusion: Bilateral congenital femoral agenesis is a rare congenital anomaly. Although frequently related to maternal diabetes mellitus, there is no recognized cause for most cases.
Prevalensi insomnia pada mahasiswa fakultas kedokteran universitas Udayana
Authors: Sathivel Dasheni , Setyawati Lely
Published: December 2022

Background: Insomnia is a sleep disorder that is very common among the people, especially students at this time. A common cause of insomnia is stress, anxiety, medical conditions, medications and others. Insomnia can be classified in several ways, based on the symptoms (difficulty staying asleep, difficulty sleeping, non-restorative sleep), duration (acute, chronic and transient) and based on the cause (primary, secondary). Symptoms of insomnia are less attentive, daytime sleepiness, daytime fatigue, anxiety and more. Insomnia already brought a lot of impact on our lives. If someone continues from suffering this problem, they will face many complications such as poor performance at work or school, irritability, psychiatric problems and more. This study aims to find out about the occurrence of insomnia among students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Udayana. Methods: this study used descriptive method. Samples have been selected from the 50 semester students 1. Data were collected using a questionnaire. Results: From the results obtained, 20 (40%) of respondents have a sub-threshold insomnia, 28 (56%) of respondents suffer from insomnia clinical severity of moderate and 2 (4%) of respondents suffer from clinically severe insomnia. Conclusions: The majority of medical students suffer from insomnia.
The effect of purple mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) peel extract on collagen fiber in male Wistar rats after Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) exposure
Authors: Gill Tarvin Jit Singh , Ratnayanti I Gusti Ayu Dewi , Arijana I Gusti Kamasan Nyoman
Published: December 2022

Background: Skin aging can be caused by long-term ultraviolet (UV) exposure that usually called as photoaging. Administered antioxidant substances can delay the photoaging process. Purple mangosteen is known to have abundant antioxidant properties such as xanthones and anthocyanins. This study aims to determine the effect of purple mangosteen peel extract on the collagen fiber in male Wistar rats after UV-B exposure.Methods: An experimental study was conducted among 21 male Wistar rats at Histology Laboratorium, Udayana University from a period of March-October 2017. The samples were divided into 3 groups as follows: control, placebo, and mangosteen extract with 7 rats in each group. Collagen fiber was assessed by using a light microscope with 400 times magnification. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS ver. 21 software using one way ANOVA.Results: The study found that percentage of collagen area within control group was 61.94%, placebo group 72.90%, and mangosteen peel extract 73.63%. The mean between-group analyzed using one way ANOVA found that there was a statistically significant difference in mangosteen peel extract than control group (p=0.0000), but not statistically significant if compared with placebo group (p=0.640) on the collagen fiber in male Wistar rats.Conclusion: there was a statistically significant difference in mangosteen peel extract than control group on the thickness of collagen fiber in male Wistar rats after UV-B exposure.
Gambaran penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal dan non hormonal di wilayah kerja UPT Puskesmas Tampak Siring 1
Authors: Liwang Firdy , Bhargah Agha , Kusuma I.B. Hendra , Prathiwindya Gede Giri , Surya Putra I Gst Indaya , Ani Luh Seri
Published: December 2022

Â Pertumbuhan penduduk di Indonesia yang sangat pesat membutuhkan suatu stategi pencegahan untuk menanggulangi ledakan penduduk, metode keluarga berencana dapat menjadi solusi masalah tersebut. Sampai saat ini paradigma penggunaan kontrasepsi masih didominasi oleh penggunaan kontrasepsi jenis hormonal yang lebih diminati dibandingkan kontrasepsi non hormonal, walaupun mengingat berbagai efek samping yang dapat timbul dalam penggunannya. Mengingat banyaknya efek samping dalam penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal, sehingga diperlukan suatu penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal dan non hormonal di wilayah kerja UPT puskesmas Tampak Siring 1.Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan cross-sectional deskriptif, subjek penelitian didapatkan melalui metode consecutive door to door sampling pada wanita di Desa Tampak Siring, dengan basis pengumpulan data melalui wawancara kuesioner.Penelitian ini menggunakan 95 subjek wanita yang saat ini menggunakan kontrasepsi baik jenis hormonal maupun non hormonal. Penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal masih lebih banyak digunakan (62,1%) dengan jenis kontrasepsi Pil KB (30,5%) yang lebih banyak digunakan. Kemudian kontrasepsi non hormonal terbanyak adalah AKDR (25,3%). Selain itu analisis mengenai alasan penggunaan kontrasepsi menemukan penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal lebih berdasarkan kemudahan menggunakan (77,8%), sedangkan pada kontrasepsi non hormonal lebih didasarkan alasan saran dari petugas kesehatan (57,6%).Â Penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal masih mendominasi di wilayah kerja UPT Puskesmas Tampak Siring 1, selain itu alasan penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal sebagian besar masih pada kemudahan penggunaan, bukan dari profil jenis kontrasepsi dan berbagai macam efek samping yang ditimbulkannya.
Intranasal premedication: special consideration in children
Authors: Arnawa I Wayan Eka
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Surgery in special population such as children may lead to emotional and physical stress. Premedication use may be beneficial in children anesthesia to reduce emotional stress and anxiety but still to be used in special consideration with adjustment dose. Intranasal premedication provides a broad effect of sedation and anti-anxiety and maybe produce a beneficial effect in child anesthesia.Aim: This study aimed to provide an overview regarding intranasal drugs and also intranasal premedication function in childrenConclusion: The intranasal application of pre-anesthetic drugs is the preferred route of administration and is an effective way to provide sedatives to children.
Factors affecting quality of life of fracture patients with productive age at dr. Haryoto Regional General Hospital, Lumajang District, East Java
Authors: Yugiana Anastasya Marli , Martini Santi
Published: December 2022

Background and purpose: Fractures can affect activity and productivity due to delayed time of returning to work. It may have impacts on the patient’s physical, psychological, social, and environmental conditions that can influence the quality of life. The purpose of this study was to explore factors associated with the quality of life of fracture patients with productive age.Methods: This research used a cross sectional approach conducted at the Orthopedic Clinic of dr. Haryoto Regional General Hospital, in Lumajang District, East Java from October 2020 to February 2021. The study involved 84 patients whom were selected using simple random sampling. Data was collected with interview using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire which can assess a person’s quality of life. The data were analysed using univariable, bivariable and multivariable analysis with Chi-square and Logistic Regression.Results: Most respondents were aged 20 to 60 years, male, have worked, completed secondary education, and married. Most of them had health insurance, experienced fractures in lower extremity with open fracture type, had severe condition since more than 12 months and had an accident on the highway. Factors associated with quality of life were family support with OR=0.631 [95%CI: 0.524-0.760; p=0.004], duration of fracture with OR=0.333 [95%CI: 0.123–0.900; p=0.049] and fracture severity with OR=11.00 [95%CI: 3.261–37.106; p=0.00]Conclusion: Family support, duration of fracture, and fracture severity were associated with quality of life of productive aged fracture patients. Special attention and family support are needed for fracture patients during the healing period to improve their health status.
Development of the practice of attribution of Old Russian furniture in the context of preservation of cultural and historical heritage (1960–1980)
Authors:   State historical museum, Ugleva Natalia V.
Published: December 2022

Currently, the attribution of ancient artifacts has acquired urgent relevance for the study of museum collections of furniture in Russia. The author of the article selected these subjects from the collections and included them in the zone of independent study. The principle of dating these objects was established by the first third of the twentieth century and is currently being revised using a comprehensive method of historical research. In the context of this problem, the experience of predecessors who studied this problem, in particular, in the second half of the twentieth century, is analyzed. This period was marked by a qualitatively new approach to the study of the history of ancient furniture, the introduction of new information into scientific circulation, but the principle of attribution of specific monuments preserves the achievements of scientists of the first third of the twentieth century.
Virtual reality technology in physician education: focus on emergency medical care
Authors: Roitberg G. E. , Sharkhun O. O. , Davydova A. Sh.
Published: December 2022

Virtual reality technology has been developing rapidly over the past two decades and is becoming available in various areas of healthcare — in surgery, neurology, rehabilitation, and education. The need for virtual reality technology is also manifested in the development of algorithms for emergency medical care by primary care physicians. Currently, 6 interactive case problems have been developed for the most common emergency conditions, requiring, among other things, resuscitation. The concept of teaching using virtual reality technology has become the basis for the development of an additional professional advanced training program for general practitioners "Development of an algorithm for providing emergency medical care for sudden acute diseases and conditions". A unique feature of the program is the ability to practice the emergency medical care algorithm using virtual reality technology, as well as practice skills using a simulation manikin and an automatic external defibrillator.
Postgraduate medical education in the current context
Authors: Tazina S. Ya. , Pavlov Ch. S. , Fedorova T. A. , Semenenko N. A. , Ilina Yu. V. , Mamonov A. V. , Sotnikova T. I.
Published: December 2022

In recent  years,  the system  of postgraduate education  in medicine faces  new challenges  and  the  need  for improvement. At the  same time, it is necessary to search  for a reasonable  combination of various types of education  in order to preserve  and improve the professional knowledge of doctors.

Aim. To demonstrate and assess the importance of combining distance learning technologies with traditional teaching methods.

Material and methods. The paper  analyzes the educational  process at  the  Department  of Therapy of the  I.M. Sechenov  First Moscow State  Medical University in the period from 2020 to July 2022.  The data are based  on the results of the annual report of the department, a survey of students, and communication with students  using electronic telecommunication  technologies  (forum, chat,  e-mail).  Data  were analyzed using SPSS Statistics 23.0 software.

Results. Department  of Therapy of the I. M. Sechenov  First Moscow State  Medical University has been  training doctors  for a long time in advanced  training programs  using traditional and distance  learning. In 2020,  in connection  with the pandemic  of a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), distance  learning technologies  have been  actively developed.  Online lectures  and  video seminars  have  become   an important component  of advanced  training programs,  in which 252 students  were trained in 2020, and 376 people from different cities of Russia during 2021 and the first half of 2022.

In the first year of the pandemic, two short-term programs were created dedicated  to epidemiology, clinic, diagnosis and treatment  of patients with COVID-19. They were conducted  using online seminars, which made it possible to train 4156 doctors from more than 29 regions of Russia. Most of the listeners noted the high professional level of the programs, the importance of using computer technology in addition to traditional methods.

Conclusion. In the modern  world, in order to maintain the required level of professional competence of a doctor, combination of traditional educational activities with distance learning should be used.
Donorship as a component of humanistic education of medical students
Authors: Ilyenko L. I. , Muradyan T. G. , Orlova N. V. , Nechmir M. A. , Nekrasova A. M.
Published: December 2022

Aim. Humanistic education of students through involvement in blood donation.

Material and methods. A survey of 4020 participants of the Donor Day was conducted at the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University with subsequent analysis and statistical processing of the data obtained.

Results. The development of donation within the educational extracurricular activities has made it possible to increase the number of donors in the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University to 2000 people. According to the survey, 88,6% of respondents put forward the motivation to help those in need in the first place, while 44,2% consider donation to be beneficial for health, and 24,4% consider donation to be their civic duty. In addition, 9,2% donate blood due to the fact that friends or relatives benefited from blood transfusions. Departure of a team of specialists from blood service institutions to the university was recognized as the best format. There were following reasons for refusing to participate in the donorship: 17,5% do not know where and how to become a donor, 16,0% are sure that health will worsen during donation, 14,4% do not find free time, 11,4% are not satisfied the location of blood service institutions, and 13,7% avoid problems with the employer or the university. Since 2020, our own register of bone marrow donors has been created, which is part of the Federal Register of Bone Marrow Donors. More than 1000 students entered the Register, while 9 donated bone marrow for patients.

Conclusion. Educational work with medical students should include the popularization of donation, as the formation of a moral and ethical standard and civic duty. It is necessary to inform students about donation, create comfortable conditions and route donors.
In memory of the first professor of the Department of Pathology, Therapy and Clinics of the Imperial Kazan University Johann Friedrich Erdman
Authors: Bombina L. K. , Abdulganieva D. I. , Galiullina A. A. , Salimzyanova A. R. , Khalfina T. N.
Published: December 2022

The article is dedicated to Professor Fedor Khristoforovich Erdman — a doctor, scientist, teacher, the first head of the Department of Pathology, Therapy and Clinics and the first dean of the Medical Faculty of the Imperial Kazan University. We considered his work within the Imperial Kazan University and Imperial Dorpat University, his contribution to the clinical teaching, the organization of a university clinic and a balneotherapy sanitarium. A number of papers written based on the results from the Kazan period of research are presented. The study summarizes the basic information about the professional and teaching role of Erdman F.Kh. in the history of Russian medicine.
Educational priorities and programs for the development of research competencies in science-based medical education
Authors: Pavlov Ch. S. , Kovalevskaya V. I. , Kireeva N. V. , Dudnik E. N. , Voronova E. I. , Litvinova T. M. , Volel B. A.
Published: December 2022

The active development of technology since the middle of the 20th century has changed the requirements for education in view of the demand for knowledge-intensive specialties. The current approach is focused on the intersubjectivity and complexity of problem solving, the project organization of training and the practical orientation of learning courses. The training of specialists capable of solving qualitatively new tasks is possible only in a special environment where personal and professional competencies are formed. The transformation of education in medicine has led to the active integration of research and clinical experience. A significant impetus for the transition to a new level is provided by the development of cognitive competencies, critical thinking, which is closely interrelated with evidence-based medicine. Novel training programs make it possible to receive research, management, entrepreneurial and communication competencies inaddition to classical clinical education. At present, the future belongs to interdisciplinary teams based on developed clusters.
Cryopreservation of Abies alba embryogenic tissues by slow-freezing method
Authors: SALAJ Terezia , PANIS Bart , KLUBICOVA Katarina , SALAJ Jan
Published: December 2022

Embryogenic tissues of Abies alba Mill. were cryopreserved using the slow-freezing approach. Four cell lines were incubated for 24 h on a medium with 0.5 M sorbitol and pre-treated with 5% DMSO. Subsequently, the tissues were frozen at a cooling rate of 1 °C min-1 to -40 °C and transferred to liquid nitrogen for 72 hours. After thawing in a water bath at 40 °C, the tissues were cultivated on a proliferation medium. All tested lines recovered, but variations in regrowth frequencies across cell lines were noticed (91.66 to 100%). The recovered tissues showed similar features to the control 2 (non-pre-treated and non-cryopreserved tissues). In the accumulation of fresh and dry mass, no statistically significant differences were observed between cryopreserved cultures and control 2. The cryopreserved tissues produced cotyledonary somatic embryos capable of germination. Microscopic observations revealed considerable structural changes as a consequence of the cryopreservation procedure. The long vacuolated suspensor cells were disrupted, and mostly the meristematic cells of the embryonal region survived. The typical bipolar structure of early somatic embryos has been regained during the post-thaw period. Differences in cryotolerance across cell lines were also observed.
Interspecific hybridization with African marigold (Tagetes erecta) can improve flower-related performance in French marigold (T. patula)
Authors: ZHANG Huali , SONG Lina , LI Lifang , XIN Haibo , CUI Rongfeng , LI Zijing , ZHAO Shiwei , WEI Zunzheng
Published: December 2022

The present research was intended for interspecific hybridization between two male sterile African marigold lines and six self-lines of French marigolds. The results show that as indicated by the full seed number per capitulum, the pollen amount of French marigold pollen influenced the authentic compatibilities reckoned for the 10 cross combinations configured to some amount. Based on the field performance of these interspecific hybrids, it is known that the parental French marigold’s single-petaled and silvery flower type may well be improved to a heavy-petaled type while the flower colour remains the same or changes to a lighter version with the same hue. Furthermore, the progeny of certain crossings exceeded the male parents in terms of growth, leaf, and flower-related features, particularly plant height, crown breadth, flower number per plant, and ligulate flower quantity. The most remarkable finding was that, compared to the parental French marigold, most of the hybrid combinations' progeny could blossom 0-11 days earlier. Finally, we identified two excellent hybrid combinations that may be used as a reference for future breeding and commercialization of new marigold varieties.
The effects of strigolactones on some biochemical traits in calcified media on grapevine
Authors: ÇETİN Emine Sema , KOÇ Birol
Published: December 2022

Plants are stressed in different ways when they are in environments unsuitable for them. Among these stresses, abiotic factors are common. Calcified soil is also a stress factor. In this type of soil, there are problems with the nutrient intake of the plant, nutrient deficiencies, or toxicity. In a stress environment, plants try to survive by reacting differently. One of these reactions is that plants increase the synthesis of phenolic compounds. These compounds perform various physiological functions in adapting to environmental problems. It is known that the reactions of plants to stress are associated with endogenous hormones. One of these hormones is strigolactone (SL), which is produced in plant roots and introduced as a new generation of hormones. In this study, the effects of SL applications in grapevine grown in calcified environments were examined with regard to the content of phenolic compounds and mineral element intake. ‘Hasandede’ grape variety grafted on 1103 P American rootstock were grown in environments containing control, 10% and 25% calcium oxide (CaO) and applied with SL (control, 1, 3 and 5 μM) in different doses. Total phenolic compounds were found statistically much higher especially in the majority of plants applied with 3 μM and 5 μM SL is considered to be the effect of SLs in stress prevention. It was concluded that mineral compounds intakes generally responded positively to SL applications. These results are considered to prove the effects of SLs on plant nutrition physiology and stress tolerance.
Insights into the functional role of tea microbes on tea growth, quality and resistance against pests and diseases
Authors: ZHANG Xiaoyang , LONG Haozhi , HUO Da , AWAN Masood I. , SHAO Jinhua , MAHMOOD Athar , LIU Shuang , HUANG Jigang , PARVEEN Alia , AAMER Muhammad , HASSAN Muhammad U.
Published: December 2022

Tea is an economical and most widely used beverage across the globe owing to its unique fragrance and flavor. Plant microbe interaction has emerged as an important topic which got the attention of scientists to improve plant performance. Tea microbes remained a prominent research topic for scientists over the years as tea microbes helps in nutrient cycling and stress management which in turn improve the tea growth, yield and quality. The roots of tea plants are colonized by various microbes including arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), bacterial communities, and endophytes increase root growth, development and nutrient uptake which in turn improve tea growth, yield and quality. These microbes also increase the concentration of nutrients, amino acids, soluble proteins, flavonoids, catechuic acid, glucose, fructose, sucrose contents caffeine, and polyphenols concentration in tea plants. Besides this, these microbes also protect the tea plants from harmful pest and diseases which in turn leads to an appreciable improvement in plant growth and development. The most important goal of any farming system is to establish a system with production of maximum food while minimizing impacts on the environment. The present review article highlights the role of various microbes in improving the growth, yield and quality of tea plants. In addition, we also discussed the research gaps to improve our understanding about the role of tea microbes in improving tea growth, yield, pest and diseases resistance. We believe that this review will provide a better insight into the existing knowledge of tea microbes in improving tea growth and yield.
Estimation of nutrient contents in wolfberry (Lycium barbarum L.) based on hyperspectral analysis
Authors: ZHAO Jin-Long , ZHANG Xue-Yi , ZHANG Qi , NAN Xue-Jun , WANG Yun-Xia , LI Yang
Published: December 2022

Rapid and accurate determination of the nutrient contents in wolfberry (Lycium barbarum L.) is of great significance for identifying the quality and origin of the fruit. Compared to traditional chemical analysis methods, hyperspectral remote sensing has the advantages of high speed and low cost. In this study, the dried fruits of wolfberry (cultivar ‘Ningqi No. 7’) taken from the Huinong, Yinchuan, Zhongning, and Tongxin regions of Ningxia, China, in 2020 were selected as samples. Two methods, the variable importance measure (VIM) under random forest and the successive projection algorithm (SPA), were applied to select the hyperspectral characteristic variables. The test set coefficient of determination (R2p), root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP), and relative percent deviation (RPD) for different pre-treatments and characteristic variable selection methods were compared. Finally, the optimal estimation models of partial least squares regression (PLSR) for the contents of eight nutrients in wolfberry were established. The results were as follows: (1) The variation trends of the original hyperspectral reflectance curves of wolfberries from different yield areas and harvest dates were similar, and the spectral characteristic absorption bands were significantly enhanced after first-order differential transformation. (2) After extracting the characteristic bands using SPA, the RPD values were all above 2.0, and the estimation performance was significantly better than that of the full bands. (3) The optimal estimation model for total sugar (TS), crude protein (CP), and Ca was found to be SG-MSC-SPA-PLSR; the optimal estimation model for Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP), Mn, and Zn was found to be SG-2ndD-SPA-PLSR; and the optimal estimation model for Cu and Fe was found to be SG-1stD-SPA-PLSR. The results have important reference value for the quality evaluation and origin traceability of wolfberry.
The combined use of silicon and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus mitigate the adverse effects of drought stress on Matthiola incana
Authors: SHARIFIAN Alireza , MIRZAKHANI Abbas , KHAGHANI Shahab , KAKHAKI Seyed F.F.
Published: December 2022

Effects of the application of potassium silicate (PS) and an arbuscular mycorrhiza fungus (AMF) (Glomus mosseae) were investigated on alleviating the impacts of drought stress on Matthiola incana in a split-split-plot experiment in two consecutive years. The main plot was assigned to drought stress at three levels of irrigation (25%, 50%, 70%, of field capacity) comparing with control (100% of field capacity) and the sub-plots were assigned to AMF at two levels (0 and 200 g of fungi in pots) and sub-sub plots were assigned to potassium silicate (PS) at three levels (0, 200, and 400 ppm). The application of PS with fungus increased colonization percentage regardless of the drought stress level. Regarding the interaction of drought stress and PS, it was revealed that the application of 400 and 200 ppm of PS elevated the contents of chlorophylls a, b, and total at all drought stress levels. Also, deficit irrigation versus the normal irrigation increased malondialdehyde (MDA) content both in non-AMF and AMF-containing treatments. The lowest catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POX) contents were obtained from the treatment of 400 ppm of PS, while the highest were related to the treatment of 0 ppm of PS. Proline content was reduced by the application of 200 g of AMF and 400 ppm of PS at moderate and severe (25% FC) drought stress levels. In general, at moderate and severe drought stress levels, some physiological traits were improved by the foliar application of 400 ppm PS and Glomus mosseae inoculation.
Commercial and phytochemical quality in biofortified ‘Orejona’ lettuce with zinc oxide nanoparticles
Authors: FORTIS-HERNÁNDEZ Manuel , GARCÍA-DELGADO José D. , PRECIADO-RANGEL Pablo , TREJO-VALENCIA Radames , SÁNCHEZ-ESTRADA Alberto , FORTIZ-HERNÁNDEZ Judith
Published: December 2022

Crop biofortification is a recent strategy based on the production of plants rich in micronutrients for human consumption. The biofortification of plants with minerals is considered one of the least expensive and most efficient ways to improve the commercial and nutritional quality of horticultural products, in addition to improving crop yields. The objective of the research was to evaluate commercial and phytochemical quality, physiological parameters, and zinc concentration in lettuce leaves (Lactuca sativa L.) after foliar application of zinc oxide nanoparticles (NPsZnO) produced under a hydroponic system. The experiment was carried out with six treatments (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 mg.L-1 NPsZnO) of five replicates each, under a completely randomized design. Five applications every 15 days of each concentration of NPsZnO were made through the crop cycle. The results show no statistical differences in physiological parameters (height, number of leaves, leaf size, crown perimeter, fresh and dry weight), but that do show a slight tendency to increase on the treated lettuce mainly at concentrations of 20 and 25 mg.L-1. A positive correlation was found between the phytochemical variables (phenolics and total flavonols) and the concentration of NPsZnO. Even though there was not a clear correlation between NPsZnO concentration and the variables of commercial quality; Zn content in the plant tissue was improved, thereby obtaining a biofortified product for the final consumer.
Changes on mutant pot chrysanthemums (Dendranthema × grandiflora Tzelev.)
Authors: HASPOLAT Gulden
Published: December 2022

Chrysanthemum (Dendranthema x grandiflora Tzvelev) is one of the most important ornamental plants in the world that has the richest mutant varieties with numerous colors. The objective of this study is to determine the effective mutagen dose (EMD50) for creating variations by gamma irradiation. It is aimed to get a mutagenesis protocol that could develop new mutants in pot chrysanthemums. To determine the EMD50, rooted cuttings of brownish-red color ‘Brandevil’ variety were irradiated by gamma radiation at 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 Gray (Gy) doses. According to the shoot lengths, EMD50 was calculated as 27 Gy. The mutation frequency was calculated as 4.8%. Some changes were observed for flower numbers per plant, plant heights and widths, shapes and colors of both flowers and leaves. The color changes varied from brownish-red to yellow and orange. Two different colors appeared in the same pot at some genotypes as well as form changes of flowers. The similarity of the mutants was determined by the hierarchical cluster dendrogram involving five groups. Various colors were obtained for leaves and flowers. Remarkable mutations of the selected mutants were multiplied by tissue culture.
Experimental research on the variation of microclimate factors in healing tunnels designed for grafted vegetable seedlings
Authors: DUMITRESCU Ionel L. , BOGOESCU Marian
Published: December 2022

During the healing process, the scion and the rootstock must establish vascular connection, which is considered the most critical process in the production of grafted vegetables. Therefore, the healing process must be carried out in a monitored and controlled environment, in special healing areas, where parameters characterizing the microclimate must be maintained at the optimal values, ideally with great precision. The main objective of the current experiment was to analyse the variation of microclimate factors in the curing and acclimatization chambers of grafted vegetable seedlings during specific technological phase. The measurements of different abiotic factors such as relative humidity, temperature, light radiation intensity and CO2 concentration were carried out inside an experimental research healing tunnel situated inside a greenhouse. After grafting, the grafted seedlings were placed in specialized enclosures for their healing and the results shown that variations of the plants density and determined microclimate factors significantly affect the quality of seedlings. Because the stages of obtaining grafted seedlings are relatively short, fluctuations in environmental factors can have dramatic effects on the quality and quantity of grafted seedling production. Such a study of the prediction of microclimate factors must lead to the development of a versatile prediction model that can be used in any climatic conditions, at any time of the year and in any geographical location.