bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the Impact of Mycogenic Titanium and Selenium Nanoparticles on Fusarium Wilt Infection of Tomato Plant
Authors: Helmy Eman A.M. , Salah Rania A. , El-Shazly Mona M. , Alqhtani Abdulmohsen Hussen , Pokoo-Aikins Anthony , Yosri Mohammed
Published: September 2023

We applied biosynthesized titanium and selenium nanoparticles, prepared using a fungal water extract of Trichoderma harzianum (T. harzianum), to eradicate tomota wilt infection. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray analysis, and Transmission electron microscopy/X-ray diffraction (TEM/XRD) techniques were used to characterize the spherical metal nanoparticles, whose diameters were 16.0 nm for selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and 50.0 nm for titanium nanoparticles (TiNPs). This confirmed the efficient biosynthesis of the nanoparticles. Under greenhouse conditions, the effectiveness of TiNPs and SeNPs produced by nonpathogenic fungi (T. harzianum) against the pathogen responsible for the tomato wilt disease, Fusarium oxysporum (F. oxysporum), was studied. Based on the results, the most efficient method for combating the pathogen that causes tomato wilt was used in open fields, whereas pot studies were conducted in greenhouse conditions. All tested treatments considerably lowered tomato plant wilt disease in both the greenhouse and the open field. The disease severity was reduced by 20.4% using TiNPs at high concentrations of 150 ppm and by 41.5% using SeNPs. Compared to conventional antibiotics, the antibacterial activity assessment of the biosynthesized TiNPs and SeNPs revealed a significant effect versus pathogenic bacteria and fungi, with a negligible influence on the examined human and animal microflora. The findings showed that biosynthesized TiNPs and SeNPs can be applied to suppress the plant pathogen F. oxysporum in a way that is safe for the microflora of humans and animals. This is the first instance where the nanocidal activity of biological TiNPs and SeNPs has been used against the pathogen that causes tomato wilt.
A Cross-sectional Study of Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes among Adults with Laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 Infection with Omicron Variant
Authors: Hussein Nawfal R. , Ahmed Majeed T. , Rashad Brisik H. , Mustafa Majeed H. , Rasheed Narin A. , Naqid Ibrahim A. , M. Saleem Zana Sidiq , Ibrahim Nashwan M.R. , Musa Dildar H.
Published: September 2023

The emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant has raised concerns due to its increased transmissibility and potential implications on clinical characteristics and outcomes in infected individuals. The aims of this report were to study the profile of SARS-CoV-2 infection with omicron variant, investigate the infection outcome, reinfection rates with associated factors, antibody levels, and explore the associations between biochemical markers and disease severity. This prospective cohort study was conducted in Duhok city in the Northern of Iraq. All volunteers with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 RT–PCR and confirmed Omicron infection who were older than 18 years old and agreed to participate were recruited for this study. The study was carried out from January to April 2022. There were 234 cases of confirmed SARS-CoV-2 RT–PCR Omicron infection. The mean age was 48.12±17.3 years, 43.2% were vaccinated, and 40.2% were male. Among the recruited patients, 99.1% recovered and did not need hospitalization. In this study, (38.9%) had a history of previously confirmed COVID-19 infection. Reinfection was significantly higher in females than males (p=0.04; OR= 0.56). It was found that the IgG antibody levels were higher in patients who received Pfizer-BioNTech than in those who received other vaccines (p=0.001). The levels of IgG were also significantly higher in patients with mild infection (p=0.046), whereas the levels of D-dimer were significantly higher in patients with severe cases of the infection compared to those with mild or moderate cases (p=0.001). Additionally, the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) were observed to be higher in individuals with moderate cases of infection than in mild and severe cases (0.001). Individuals who contracted the Omicron strain generally had positive outcomes. Reinfection with the Omicron variant was relatively high. IgG levels were higher in patients with mild disease, implying that they were associated with decreased disease severity. We found significant associations between D-dimer levels and the severity of the disease. Additional research is required to investigate the long-term effects of Omicron infection.
Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus capitis: An Emerging Challenge in Clinical Settings Found in Adult Patients in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Aldali Jehad A. , Alahmari Shar A. , AlMezyed Abeer O. , Alshammari Nawal S.D. , Elsokkary Emadeldin M.
Published: September 2023

The study reveals crucial information on S. capitis, a potentially dangerous bacterium that can cause sepsis in hospitalized adult patients, including its frequency and patterns of drug resistance which could significantly contribute to the existing body of knowledge in this field. This retrospective study was conducted in the King Fahad Medical City (KFMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from June 2019 to November 2022. The comprehensive data collection and analysis provide valuable information on the prevalence of S. capitis in different infection sites, antibiotic sensitivity profiles, and the association with patient demographics. A total of 219 S. capitis isolates from hospitalized patients with sepsis tested positive. Infection was most common in venous blood (139 patients, 63.5%), followed by central blood (24 patients, 11%). Other locations included venipuncture (48 patients, 21.9%) and cerebrospinal fluid (three patients, 1.4%). The results highlight the clinical significance of S. capitis as a major contributor to sepsis, especially in male patients, and emphasize the need for appropriate antibiotic selection for effective treatment. Furthermore, this study raises concerns about the high rates of methicillin resistance observed in S. capitis isolates, emphasizing the urgency in tackling antibiotic resistance and promoting judicious antibiotic prescription practices. Moreover, the identification of a decreased susceptibility to vancomycin as a potential explanation for its reduced effectiveness in treating S. capitis infections adds a crucial aspect to the discussion of treatment options and underscores the need for alternative therapeutic strategies.
Comparative and Prospective Study on the Efficacy of RT-PCR and Rapid Antigen Test in Symptomatic COVID-19 Patients at Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Allavarapu Ramya Sree , Sethumadhavan K. , Usharani Purimitla , Tejaswani B.V.V.V.
Published: September 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has primarily been controlled by testing for SARS-CoV-2 infections. Despite vaccines, testing will remain crucial for surveillance and screening, allowing for the detection of new variants in a timely manner and to isolate the infected people to lower the danger of the disease spreading further. The research study attempts to found out the efficiency of Reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Rapid antigen tests in symptomatic COVID-19 patients at tertiary care hospitals. The research was performed on 1000 patients, both In-patients and Out-patients, who presented with COVID-19 symptoms. SARS-COV-2 nucleocapsid protein antigen was detected qualitatively with rapid antigen test in human nasal specimens through the immuno-chromatographic assay. The rapid test results were compared with a molecular test RT-PCR in which FAM, HEX, and ROX were the indicator dyes for the RdRp gene, E gene, and the internal control (RNAse P), respectively. Nearly 322 cases were positive with both RT-PCR and rapid antigen test methods. Fifty-nine samples yielded negative results with the rapid antigen test and positive with PCR. Three samples were negative with RT-PCR and positive with the rapid antigen test. The findings from our study show that the common symptoms are fever 92.2% and cough 74.1% in the reported test population. But in confirmed cases of RT-PCR showed cough at 74.1% was more prevalent, followed by fever at 41.3%. Rapid antigen test showed a overall sensitivity and specificity of 85.3% and 99.5%. According to World Health Organization, rapid antigen detection tests meet the minimum performance requirements of ≥80% sensitivity and ≥97% specificity. Hence, the present study meets this criterion and may perhaps be a probable tool for point-of-care in hospital settings.
In vitro Comparative Evaluation of Polylactic Acid/Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer and Expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene Based Guided Tissue Regeneration Membrane for Bacterial Colonisation
Authors: Sareen Shubham , Bey Afshan , Zia Afaf , Khan Fatima
Published: September 2023

The study was designed to compare the extent of bacterial colonisation on the surface of Polylactic acid/Polyglycolic acid copolymer and expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene based Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) membrane in an in vitro model by spot analysis and scanning electron microscopy. Earlier in vitro models have aimed to study the barrier function against the bacterial penetration across just one surface of the GTR membranes. No such study is present in the literature which aimed to quantify bacterial adhesion over both the surfaces of the membrane. Sterile Resorbable PLA/PGA copolymer and non-resorbable microporous ePTFE based GTR membrane were used in the study. Both groups were subdivided into two subgroup (n=10) based on incubation period of 24 and 48 hours. Incubated in Todd Hewitt broth with Streptococcus mutans, the samples were vortexed and analysed for bacterial count using spot test and scanning electron microscopy. Between PLA/PGA and ePTFE GTR membrane at 24 hours incubation time period, there was a significant difference in terms of Colony forming units (p = <0.001), with the median Colony forming units being highest in the PLA/PGA GTR membrane. At 48 hours incubation time period, there was a significant difference in terms of Colony forming units (p = <0.001), with the median Colony forming units being highest in the PLA/PGA GTR membrane. Our findings depict that ePTFE based GTR membrane showed significantly lesser bacterial colonisation on its surfaces as compared to PLA/PGA at both the incubation periods i.e., 24 hours and 48 hours as shown by both spot test and SEM.
A Comprehensive Study of Phenotypic and Genotypic Techniques to Detect Metallo-β-lactamases in Carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) Strains Derived through Numerous Clinical Specimens in Advanced Health care Facilities
Authors: Manju  , Kaur Amandeep , Manhas Ashwini , Kaur Kawal Preet , Kaur Gundeep , Saini Ram Gopal , Priyanka  , Singh Manju
Published: September 2023

In recent years, an increase in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae resistant to carbapenem was reported globally. Due to their high prevalence and extensive range of medical conditions, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are both confirmed to be major public health concerns. Furthermore, carbapenem resistance restricts treatment options for individuals infected with these bacteria. Consequently, early detection of carbapenem resistance is essential for starting effective therapy, achieving successful management, and avoiding the infection from spreading further in the future. This study’s objective was to identify the phenotypic and genotypic identification of Metallo-β-lactamases (MBL) in carbapenem-resistant E. coli and K. pneumoniae in advanced healthcare facilities. Meropenem resistance was tested in E. coli and K. pneumoniae using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique. MBL was discovered using a combination of Disc diffusion testing and the Modified Hodge Test. The Polymerase Chain Reaction was used to determine the genotypes of the bla NDM-1 genes that express these enzymes. Out of 427 strains, including 223 E. coli and 204 K. pneumoniae, 35 (8.2%) consisted of carbapenem-resistant, and 29 (82.85%) showed phenotypically verified as metallo-beta-lactamase producers by using the Combined disc test and 20 (57.14%) using the Modified Hodge test. Polymerase Chain Reaction tests for genes detect those three different strains all showed the bla NDM-1 gene. Carbapenemase production and MBL can be recognized with the help of phenotypic combination disc and MHT tests in labs. Since both tests showed 100% concordance, laboratories may use the less expensive CDT instead of the MHT. The current study supports institutional antibiotic stewardship programmes to manage antibiotic use and prevent CRE worldwide.
Drug Target Identification for Listeria monocytogenes by Subtractive Genomics Approach
Authors: Chandra Niharika , Qidwai Tabish , Singh Sachidanand
Published: September 2023

We discover essential enzymes catalyzing critical metabolic reactions as potential drug targets, which may help to fight Listeria infections and their associated secondary infections extensively and effectively. A comparative metabolic pathway approach has been applied to identify and determine putative drug targets against Listeria monocytogenes. For this, enzymes unique to pathogenic pathways of L. monocytogenes EGD-e were determined using the KEGG database. They were further refined by selecting enzymes with sequences non-homologous to the host Homo sapiens and analysing their essentiality to the pathogen’s survival. We report 15 essential pathogen-host non-homologous proteins as putative drug targets that can be exploited for development of specific drug targets or vaccines against multidrug resistant strains of L. monocytogenes. Finally, four essential enzymes from the pathogen: UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase, Acetate kinase, Phosphate acetyltransferase, and Aspartate kinase were reported as novel putative targets for vaccine and drug development against L. monocytogenes infections. Unravelling novel target proteins and their associated pathways by comparing metabolic pathway analysis between L. monocytogenes EGD-e and host H. sapiens, develops the novelty of the work towards broad spectrum putative drug targets. This research design yields putative drug target critical enzymes that turn out to be fatal to the pathogen without interacting with the host machinery.
Antibacterial Potential of Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq. Ex Fr.) P. Kumm.) Extract against Pathogenic Bacteria
Authors: Sutthisa Waraporn , Anujakkawan Supawadee
Published: September 2023

This study investigated the antibacterial properties of Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq. Ex Fr.) P. Kumm. extracts against various pathogenic bacteria. The fruiting bodies of fresh oyster mushrooms were collected from Mae Phai Boon Mushroom Farm in Ban Thung Nang Rao, Mueang District, Mahasarakham Province, and subjected to extraction using 95% ethanol and 95% ethyl acetate solvents. The effectiveness of the extracts in suppressing the proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms, encompassing Bacillus cereus, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Serratia marcescens, and Staphylococcus aureus, was assessed through the utilization of the paper disk diffusion technique. The results revealed that the crude extract obtained from the 95% ethanol solvent exhibited significant inhibitory effects against B. cereus, E. cloacae, P. aeruginosa, S. marcescens, and S. typhi, yielding inhibition zone diameters from 9.22 to 12.33 mm. In contrast, the crude extract from the 95% ethyl acetate solvent showed inhibitory activity only against E. coli, revealing an inhibition zone diameter of 12.00 mm. Additionally, the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the 95% ethanol crude extract against P. aeruginosa and S. marcescens established a value of 150 mg/ml, and concomitantly, the minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) was also established at 150 mg/ml. However, it was observed that the 95% ethanol crude extract at a concentration of 15 mg/ml was incapable of suppressing the proliferation of E. coli in the MIC evaluations. These findings imply that the extracts originating from P. ostreatus possess inherent capacity as organic antibacterial agents targeting specific pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, these findings justify the necessity for additional scrutiny into their conceivable utilities within the domains of medicine and food preservation.
Incidence of Potential Pathogenic Bacteria at Restaurants in Al-Mandaq City, Saudi Arabia: First Study
Authors: Melebari Mohammad
Published: September 2023

Foodborne illnesses are a major public health concern, and meat products are one of the most common sources of contamination. Handling and processing raw meat in restaurants can increase the risk of foodborne illnesses if the correct hygiene and safety measures are not followed. Consequently, it is important to conduct a comprehensive assessment of foodborne illness-causing microorganisms to monitor the food safety practices in restaurants and prevent the spread of contamination, protecting public health and ensuring the safety of the food supply chain. In view of this, this study conducted an assessment of local restaurants to identify the prevalence of different foodborne illness-causing microorganisms. A total of 63 samples were collected aseptically using cotton swabs from restaurants in 9 different locations in Al-Mandaq City, Saudi Arabia (7 samples from each location). Klebsiella aerogenes (K. aerogenes), Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) were isolated and identified from each sample using different media. From 63 samples, 91 isolates of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 9 restaurants. Higher prevalence was found in location 7, where the number of isolates was 17, while the lowest pathogenic load was observed in location 2, where the number of isolates was 8. Among the samples, the highest number of pathogenic isolates was observed in raw foods (22), followed by samples collected from the tools (18). Of the 109 bacterial counts, S. aureus contributed 43.12%, followed by S. epidermidis (42.2%), Salmonella spp. (6.42%), and K. aerogenes (4.58%). The frequency of E. coli occurrence was low (2.75%) in all the samples collected from the nine locations.
Rhizosphere Microorganisms with Different Strategies and Mechanisms to Enhance Plant Growth in the Occurrence of Different Environmental Stress Factors
Authors: Albureikan Mona Othman I.
Published: September 2023

Every minute, the world’s population grows, and in order to feed them, crop output and agricultural productivity must be improved by adding crucial microorganisms that boost plant yields in various ways through nitrogen fixation, the secretion of both plant growth regulators and 1-aminocyclopropane 1-carboxylate deaminase, as well as some antimicrobial agents. Numerous endophytic bacteria have recently been used to increase plant yields, and agricultural production in addition to reducing salt stresses. Many scientists have made an effort to clarify and comprehend the processes by which bacteria promote plant growth and production. A vital substance known as 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase is produced by several bacteria, plants, and fungi to decrease ethylene levels in a plant grown under different environmental stress. The gaseous hormone ethylene (C2H4) is synthesized in plant tissues from the precursor ACC, and it has numerous biochemical roles in plants, such as cells differentiation and tissue development, seedling, root hair, leaf, and flower growth and development in addition to fruit ripening and formation of anthocyanin and volatile compounds. Thus, this critical enzyme had influential roles in plants during their positive interaction with bacteria which increase plant growth due to auxin production and protect plants against different environmental stress like drought, high salts, wilting, high level of heavy metals, contaminants with pesticides, and microbial pathogen infections. Different bacterial genera are highly ACC deaminase-producer, and these bacteria support plant growth and agricultural process. In conclusion, bacteria can replace chemicals in a variety of environmentally benign methods to boost soil fertility and plant productivity. However, much research is required to determine the efficacy of these bacteria before suggesting their use on a broad scale in the field.
Seroprevalence and Identification of Brucella melitensis Based on a Glycosyltransferase Gene among Ruminants in Rafha, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Abdellatif Muaz Magzob , Ali Yahia Hassan , Arafat Hussam Hassan
Published: September 2023

Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease with veterinary, public health, and economic implications. The study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of Brucella spp. among ruminants in Rafha, Saudi Arabia during January to October 2022 and to identify camel strains based on a glycosyltransferase gene sequence. Sera (n=1012) were collected from non-vaccinated sheep, goats, camels and cattle of different sex, age and breed randomly from the abattoirs to investigate the circulating brucella antibodies using RBPT. One hundred and eighteen sera (9.7%) were reactive for Brucella spp. IgG immunoglobulins, with higher percentages detected in sheep (11.4%), females (13.3%), adults (10.7%), and naieme breed (13.9%). Significant correlation between Brucella spp. antibodies and animal species (0.095), age (0.077) was found, while strong correlation between antibodies and sex was observed. Glycosyltransferase gene was amplified and sequenced from camel reactive sera (n=6). Camel strains displayed multiple nucleotide substitutions and deletions, nucleotide identity among local strains is 96.2-100%. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Brucella spp. strains clustered in two groups, Rafha strains clustered in one group together with other strains. Further investigation is needed to determine the prevalence of the bacteria among farm animals and to identify the strains involved to improve the preventive measures and strategies adopted for control.
EVALUASI PENGEMBANGAN USAHA PETERNAKAN SAPI POTONG DI KABUPATEN BOBINARO TIMOR LESTE
Authors: Santos Pricillia , Sutawi  , P Wehandaka
Published: September 2023

Pengembangan sapi potong di Kabupaten Bobonaro masih banyak mengalami hambatan yang dikarenakan pemeliharaan sapi masih dilakukan secara ektensif sehingga tidak dapat berproduksi secara maksimal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perkembangan populasi peternakan sapi potong dan perkembangan produksi pedet sapi potong di Kabupaten Bobonaro. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data populasi sapi potong dari Dinas Peternakan Kabupaten Bobonaro dan wawancara dengan beberapa peternak di 3 kecamatan yaitu Kecamatan Cailaco, Bobonaro dan Maliana. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey dengan melakukan beberapa pengambilan data di Dinas Peternakan dan wawancara mendalam dengan beberapa peternak. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah peternak sapi potong di Kabupaten Bobonaro masih memelihara sapi secara tradisional. Pemberian pakan juga masih bergantung dengan musim dan belum tersentuh oleh teknologi sederhana di bidang peternakan. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah perkembangan sapi potong dan produksi pedet di Kabupaten Bobonaro Timor Leste masih rendah. Sistem pemeliharaan yang digunakan adalah sistem ekstensif. Sebagian peternak di Kabupaten Bobonaro Timor Leste menggunakan sistem paroan dalam proses budidaya sapi potong.
EVALUASI PH DAN UJI ORGANOLEPTIK YOGURT DENGAN PENAMBAHAN GELATIN KULIT KELINCI
Authors: Latif Putrawan , Pancapalaga Wehandaka , Prihartini Indah
Published: September 2023

Yogurt merupakan salah satu hasil olahan susu dengan cara difermentasi sehingga rasanya asam dan manis. Proses pengasaman dan penggumpalan protein pada yogurt membuat yogurt mudah dicerna oleh tubuh. Selain itu, keberadaan asam laktat pada yogurt juga membuat penyerapan kalsium di dalam tubuh menjadi lebih baik. Melalui penambahan gelatin kulit kelinci selama proses pembuatan yogurt akan menghasilkan yogurt yang mempunyai warna, rasa, aroma, dan tekstur yang khas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan gelatin kulit kelinci terhadap pH dan organoleptik yogurt. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), dengan perlakuan penambahan konsentrasi pemberian gelatin kulit kelinci 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, dan 4% dari volume susu segar (w/v). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan Analisis Variasi (ANAVA). Apabila terdapat perbedaan nyata antar perlakuan, dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. Perubahan yang diteliti dalam penelitian ini adalah pH dan Uji Organoleptik. Dari analisis variasi (ANAVA) yang dilakukan menunjukan bahwa penambahan gelatin kulit kelinci dengan konsentrasi berbeda berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap nilai pH (P>0,05) akan tetapi berpengaruh sangat nyata (P< 0,01) pada uji organoleptik parameter warna, rasa, aroma, dan tekstur yogurt. Rata - rata pH yogurt yang diperoleh dari hasil penelitian dengan penambahan  gelatin kulit kelinci  sebesar 3.88. Yogurt yang lebih disukai oleh  panelis  pada level P1 (1%) khususnya warna, rasa dan tekstur. Untuk aroma panelis lebih menyukai P2 (2%). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah penambahan jumlah level konsentrasi gelatin kulit kelinci tidak mempengaruhi nilai pH yogurt. Namun penambahan level gelatin mempengaruhi pada uji organoleptik meliputi warna, rasa, aroma dan tekstur yogurt. Rata rata pH yogurt yang diperoleh dari hasil penelitian dengan penambahan gelatin kulit kelinci sebesar 3.88. Yogurt yang lebih disukai oleh panelis pada level P1 (1%) khusunsya terhadap warna, rasa dan tekstur, sedangkan untuk aroma panelis lebih menyukai P2 (2%).
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN KONSENTRAT MENGANDUNG BISKUIT CRACKS TERHADAP KADAR LEMAK DAN KADAR PROTEIN SUSU SAPI PERAH FRIESH HOLLAND DI PETERNAKAN RAKYAT BATU
Authors: Suryo  , Khotimah Khusnul , Khotimah Sujono
Published: September 2023

Pakan merupakan salah satu aspek penting yang harus dipersiapkan dalam memulai usaha peternakan, pakan akan berdampak langsung terhadap hasil produksi pada peternakan sapi perah pakan akan berdampak langsung terhadap hasil produksi susu baik kuantitas dan kualitas hasil pemerahan susu. Usaha penigkatan kualitas susu sapi salah satunya dengan penggunaan bahan pakan yang dicampur dalam konsentrat sapi perah yaitu dengan menggunakan biskuit cracks dengan tujuan untuk menambah kandungan protein, energi atau gizi pada pakan konsentrat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian konsentrat yang mengandung biscuit Cracks terhadap kadar lemak dan protein susu sapi perah FH di peternakan rakyat Kota Batu. Metode yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini adalah metode percobaan (eksperimen) yaitu dengan memberikan konsentrat yang mengandung biskuit cracks terhadap sapi – sapi yang sedang laktasi dan hasil perhan susunya dilakukan analisa kualitas susu yaitu: kadar lemak dan kadar protein, dari hasil kualitas tersebut maka akan didapatkan hasil harga tertinggi berdasarkan kadar kulitas susu dari perbedaan perlakuan konsentrat. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian konsentrat mengandung biscuit Cracks mendapatkan kandungan protein susu tertinggi yaitu 3,22% (P3). Perlakuan P3 juga menghasilkan kandungan lemak susu tertinggi (5,28%) dibanding dengan perlakuan kontrol (P1) ataupun pemberian konsentrat yang mengandung biscuit Cracks sebesar 50% (P2). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah  pakan konsentrat yang mengandung biskuit cracks berpengaruh terhadap kadar lemak dan kadar protein susu sapi perah, sehingga dengan adanya pengaruh akan berdampak terhadap harga susu pada tingkat koperasi dan meningkatkan pendapatan peternak.
Mediação em Museus e Centros de Ciências: contribuições para a formação docente
Authors: OLIVEIRA A. F. , ANJOS Maylta Brandão dos
Published: September 2023

This article is part of the Master’s research "Museums, Science Centers and initial teacher education: contributions from the mediation practice held at the Science and Life Museum". We stuck to this subject because we understand it as an important contribution to the education of undergraduate students who are in a period of professional training, thus allowing them to broaden their views regarding scientific dissemination. Based on this proposition, we sought to understand the differences and similarities that emerge from this formation. The dynamics of scientific dissemination and the popularization of science for teacher education are points that present differences among themselves, but that approach each other in the stages of application. To better understand this scenario, we performed a bibliographic review about the themes and, from there, we aimed to interconnect them. The question that motivated the research was how and what are the contributions of mediation practice in Museums and Science Centers that strengthen the initial education of teachers during the mediation process. We observed that there is a considerable theoretical production about the importance of such practice. The research assumption was confirmed. We noted that the contributions obtained by mediators during initial formation are related to the acquisition of professional experience and the knowledge that best qualifies them as future teachers. Thus, we highlighted as positive the mediation contributions in Museums and Science Centers for teaching practice in the acquisition of experience and professional knowledge.
A controvérsia da geração espontânea nos livros didáticos de Biologia sob a ótica de Fleck
Authors: RAMOS F. P. , NEVES M. C. D. , SILVA A. L. P.
Published: September 2023

This work aimed to observe the history of spontaneous generation in textbooks from Fleck's lens. The analysis was based on excerpts from the 2017 PNLEM textbooks. Through a discursive textual analysis, it was possible to identify a fragmented scientific bias and without the presence of historical, social and cultural aspects. The gap left by the absence of these elements leads to a manualized, linear and neutral science. It is believed that a more dialogic and rich approach to the various historiographical aspects can make teaching more meaningful and reflective, bringing the possibility that critical thinking is part of the student's education.
Los grupos de discusión como técnica para la construcción y percepción organizacional en entidades públicas
Authors: Escobar Ricardo Antonio , Escobar María Beatriz
Published: September 2023

El interés de este artículo se basa en el uso de grupos de discusión como una técnica que produce diálogo, colaboración y comunicación interactiva. El objetivo es construir una percepción organizacional y mostrar de qué manera dicha técnica se estructura y planifica, teniendo en cuenta sus fundamentos epistemológicos. La metodología es una investigación de acción-participación, con grupos de discusión en una propuesta que de manera transversal indaga sobre conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas de las entidades y funcionarios públicos como directivos, coordinadores y funcionarios públicos de entidades de salud, educación de las alcaldías municipales en los departamentos de Caldas y Quindío. Los resultados de su implementación favorecen un horizonte dialógico de interacción, los datos surgen de la voz activa de los participantes, poseen un carácter ontológico y subjetivo que deriva su éxito de la dialogicidad. Como conclusión se presenta una propuesta de alto nivel cultural, interactivo y semiótico acerca de lo que se piensa, se siente y se percibe sobre las entidades públicas.
Use of Android-Based Media Benime Whiteboard Animation in Learning to Write Procedure Text in Vocational High School Students
Authors: Agustine Muthiani , Rohaeti Euis Eti , Sudrajat Rochmat Tri
Published: September 2023

In the era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, students are a generation that is very close to the touch of technology. Therefore, teachers can not only rely on traditional-based media, but can also take advantage of technology-based media that are packaged attractively, creatively, and innovatively in order to achieve learning competencies. The purpose of this research is to develop teaching materials in the form of Â the Benime White Board Animation android application Â that can be accessed through student devices. This study also aims to determine the influence of android-based learning media on students' ability to determine the structure and linguistic characteristics of procedural texts. This study uses the R&D (Research and Development) methodÂ  which describes data on the Â influence of Benime White Board Animation's android-based learning media Â on students' ability to write procedure texts. The subjects in this study were 36 grade XI students of SMKN 1 Soreang. Data collection was carried out by observation, interviews, and questionnaires. After research, The Benime White Board Animation android applicationÂ  was successfully developed so that it can be accessed flexibly. In addition, the quality of this application is rated very decent / very good based on the average score carried out by validators, which is 85.59%. Each assessment was a media expert 83.77%, a material expert 85.00%, and a teacher Indonesian 88.00%. Then, students responded to the application during the trial by giving an excellent rating of 87.24%. Therefore, the Benime White Board Animation Â application has implications for learning that can be used as teaching materials so that it can improve writing skills, especially procedure texts.
Cultivation of Digital Literacy Culture Through an Interest in Reading Literature 21st Century Life Skills
Authors: Handayani Wulan , San Fauziya Diena
Published: September 2023

This study aims to photograph or measure the culture of digital literacy in early adolescents, around 11-14 years or junior high school level. This research was conducted on students of SMP Pahlawan Toha Bandung, totaling 40 students. The research was conducted by surveying the understanding and ability to use digital devices, as well as students' interest in reading literature through the devices they have. The research method used is quantitative descriptive, the research subjects are students of SMP Pahlawan Toha Bandung, and the object of research is survey data on the level of digital literacy culture among students. The instrument used is in the form of a questionnaire compiled through the media Google form which is distributed to students, then proceed with coding data, tabulating, scoring, and data analysis to conclude. The study results show a cultural portrait of early adolescent digital literacy at SMP Pahlawan Toha Bandung, which is known to be going well and has become entrenched, shown by 95% of students being able to use technology and information media tools properly, and ethically. Even so, having digital literacy competence will not always automatically increase interest in reading or writing literacy, let alone interest in literary literacy. Efforts are needed to ensure that the better students use digital media as a tool to help, make it easier to access literacy materials, and obtain general and specific information related to literary works, the better will be the achievement of student life skills competencies in the 21st century.
Learning to Write Experiment Report Text using Project-Based Learning Method
Authors: Mulyani Mulyani , Sobari Teti
Published: September 2023

The problem in this study was the low result/score of students' skills in writing test report texts. One of the alternatives as a solution to this problem is the author applying a project-based learning method or project based learning (PjBL). The purpose of this study was to determine the increase in students' skills in writing test report texts. after applying the PJBL method. The research procedure uses classroom action research by processing data in a qualitative descriptive manner. The research was started by carrying out pre-action/pre-cycle activities, namely identifying students' skills in writing experimental report texts in class IX B SMPN 8 Cimahi. Based on the results of the prasikus, action research was carried out which consisted of two cycles. Each cycle consists of two meetings. The actions in each cycle are carried out in four stages, namely (1) preparation/planning and action, (2) implementation of actions, (3) observation and evaluation, and (4) reflecting on the actions that have been carried out in learning activities. As for the results of this study, students experienced an increase in learning outcomes in writing experimental report texts, namely as follows: Pre-cycle to cycle 1 experienced an increase. achievement of completeness is 68.42. This shows an increase in students' skills in writing experimental report texts from pre-cycle which completed 9 students increased to 26 students in cycle I. Students' skills in writing experimental report texts by applying PJBL increased by 31.58 from the results in cycle I to cycle II. This proves that the PjBL method can improve the skills of class IX B students in writing trial report texts. All 38 students passed with the highest score of 90 and the lowest score of 79.
Enhancing Competence in Writing Best Practices Through the Utilization of the STAR Technique
Authors: Badriah Badriah , Permana Indra
Published: September 2023

Writing proficiency is an essential skill imperative for Indonesian language educators, as it underpins their professional development and advancement. This research presents the adaptation of the STAR writing method's structure to facilitate Indonesian language teachers in reflecting on the process and learning outcomes. The present study adopts a descriptive mode of exposition rooted within a qualitative research paradigm. The research population consists of high schools (SMA) and vocational schools (SMK) in Cianjur Regency. The respondents for this study were 15 Indonesian language teachers from 4 high schools and 1 vocational school. These fifteen teachers willingly participated in the Best Practices writing training for two weeks using both synchronous and asynchronous modes. Data were collected through observations during the training, the outcomes of the activities, and interviews. The data obtained were analyzed using content analysis techniques to identify solutions to the reflective-based writing difficulties experienced by Indonesian language teachers. Based on the research, it was found that: 1) The adaptation of the STAR structure and composition facilitates teachers in logically expressing ideas, 2) The combination of face-to-face and online training assists teachers in re-engaging with writing, and 3) The STAR structure aids teachers in completing their writing within the set time given. The research concludes that teachers are capable of writing when provided with guidance, instructions, and time contracts to complete their writing tasks.
Turkey’s Contact Tracing Infrastructure From Security and Privacy Perspective
Authors: Sayın Ayşe , Sandıkkaya Mehmet Tahir
Published: September 2023

Contact tracing applications may lead to security and privacy concerns. Turkey’s contact tracing application (Hayat Eve Sığar, abbreviated as HES), which is introduced during COVID-19 pandemic, have not been covered yet for its security and privacy features. Comparison of HES with the existing cutting-edge contact tracing approaches could be used to analyse and determine the features of HES. Comparison indicated the undocumented security and privacy features of HES and revealed a set of vulnerabilities that could cause serious attacks. Mitigation techniques against vulnerabilities are proposed but current HES application includes serious attacks that could be performed by an insider or an outsider. The analysis emphasized to be considered in the design of similar applications that will emerge in the future.
Stabilization of Two Axis Gimbal System with Self Tuning PID Control
Authors: Şahin Murat
Published: September 2023

Gimbal is a system that provides locking and tracking of the seeker on the target in missiles and increases the angle of view with its mobility in two axes. In this study, stabilization of a two-axis gimbal system used in the missile was carried out. In gimbal stabilization, adaptive controllers are preferred instead of classical controllers due to unbalance, cross-coupling, and unmeasurable disturbances. A Self Tuning PID controller based on Fuzzy Logic was developed for axis controls in the stabilization algorithm. Thanks to this controller, which works with the principle of choosing the most appropriate coefficient at every step, it was possible to control with less than 3% errors in the tests performed with the flight simulator. In addition, a PID controller whose coefficients are optimized with Particle Swarm Optimization is designed for comparison purposes. In experimental studies, it was seen that PID with adjustable coefficients gave better results than the fixed PID.
Analysis of the Embodied And Operational Energy of Wood-Based Prefabricated Panels Produced with Different Design Concepts According to Vernacular
Authors: Akkan Çavdar Ayça , Vural Nilhan
Published: September 2023

Prefabricated facade panels are building components that evolve with technology and offer a wide range of material possibilities. These panels can be constructed using wood, metal, concrete, or terracotta-based materials and are designed based on three concepts: massive, sandwich, and frame. In recent years, as sustainable design takes the spotlight, it is crucial to consider not only energy consumption and carbon emissions from heating and cooling but also the carbon emissions associated with the materials used in construction. This study aims to analyze prefabricated facade panels with wooden structures in terms of operational and embodied energy, providing guidance to designers in selecting suitable concepts. Calculations were conducted on a selected sample building. Compared to the traditional Baghdadi wall, the sandwich panel scenario with PUR insulation material resulted in energy savings of 53.21 percent. The massive CLT panel, which lacks insulation material or cladding, showed the lowest energy gain at 15.91 percent. Considering the overall emissions in the analysis, it has been determined that embodied carbon emissions have a greater impact than operational carbon emissions. Therefore, it is essential to emphasize the significant role of material selection for prefabricated facade panels in reducing carbon emissions.
Asma Köprüler için Bir Yıldırımdan Korunma Sistemi Tasarımı
Authors: Koç Cüneyt , Kaymakçı Özgür Turay
Published: September 2023

Asma köprüler ülkelerde büyük şehirlerin kilit bağlantı noktalarında yer almaktadır. Bundan dolayı yıldırımdan korunma sistemi böylesine önemli kritik yapılarda hayati öneme sahip olmaktadır. Yıldırım çarpması yalnızca can kaybına neden olmakla kalmaz, aynı zamanda köprüyü ve köprü üzerindeki elektro-mekanik sistemleri de tahrip edebilir. Bu nedenle yıldırımdan korunma sistemi tasarımı çok önemlidir. Bu çalışmada vaka çalışması olarak İzmit ile Yalova illeri arasında bulunan Gebze-İzmir Otoyolunun kilit noktasında yer alan dünyanın en büyük 7. asma köprüsü olan Osmangazi Köprüsü için hesaplar yapılmıştır. Yıldırımdan Korunma Sistemi (YKS) bir bütün olarak incelenmiştir. Benzer çalışmalardan farklı olarak asma köprü yapısının aşağı iniş iletkeni olarak kullanıldığında aynı tepe değerli yıldırım akımı bakımından indirme iletkenine göre daha küçük empedansa sahip olan direk gövdesinin tercih edileceğini hatta bu tür asma köprülerde indirme iletkeni kullanılmayıp doğrudan köprü metal gövdesinin akım yolu olarak kullanılabileceğini gösterilmiştir. Bu çalışmada literatürdeki örneklerinden farkı olarak asma köprülerde yıldırımdan korunma sistemi bir bütün halinde incelenerek gerekli hesaplar ile asma köprüler için en güvenilir sistem önerilmiştir.
Competitive Advantage as A Link Between the Influence of Intellectual Capital and CSR on Financial Performance
Authors: Yasrawan Komang Tri , Desak Nyoman Sri Werastuti  , Edy Sujana
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to empirically prove the influence of intellectual capital and corporate social responsibility on competitive advantage and its implications for the financial performance of MSMEs in the Buleleng Regency. The population in this study were MSMEs throughout Buleleng Regency, which amounted to 57,216 MSMEs. Determination of the number of samples using the technique of Isaac & Michael with a significance level of 5% obtained 346 MSMEs. The sample was selected using the purposive sampling technique. Data analysis was used SEM-PLS with the help of SmartPLS Version 3. The results showed that intellectual capital and CSR positively and significantly affected MSMEs' competitive advantage. Intellectual capital and CSR had a positive and insignificant effect on MSMEs' financial performance. The competitive advantage positively and significantly affected MSMEs' financial performance. Competitive advantage perfectly mediates the influence of intellectual capital and CSR on MSME financial performance.
Determinants of the Effectiveness of Accounting Information Systems with Asta Brata as Moderating Variables
Authors: Sari Ni Putu Ayu Astiti , Yuniarta Gede Adi , Purnamawati I Gusti Ayu
Published: September 2023

This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of transformational leadership, internal control, employee performance, and work experience on the effectiveness of accounting information systems with Asta Brata as the moderating variable at Dharma Kerti Tabanan Hospital. The population in this study was 155 employees, with a sample of 107 employees who use accounting information systems. The analytical method used is SEM using the Smart PLS 3.0 program. The results showed that transformational leadership, internal control, employee performance, and work experience had a positive and significant effect on the effectiveness of the accounting information system. Asta Brata can moderate the effect of transformational leadership and internal control on the effectiveness of accounting information systems, but Asta Brata has not been able to moderate the effect of employee performance and work experience on the effectiveness of accounting information systems at Dharma Kerti Tabanan Hospital.
Self Assessment System, Tax Avoidance, Tax Rate, Tax Evasion on the Effectiveness of Corporate Income Tax Revenue during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Wirajaya I Gede Ary , Putri Anggi Anggita
Published: September 2023

The effectiveness of corporate income tax revenue is the ability and ability of the government to collect taxes obtained from corporate income tax according to the applicable rates and based on the amount of tax revenue that has been targeted. This study aims to determine the effect of Self assessment system, Tax Avoidance, Tax Rates and Tax Evasion on the Effectiveness of Corporate Income Tax Revenue during the Covid-19 pandemic. Data collected by distributing questionnaires to respondents via google form. The population used in this study were all Account Representatives of KPP West Denpasar and KPP East Denpasar. The sample used in this study were 48 Account Representatives using data collection techniques with non-probability sampling method. Analysis of the data used is by using the method of multiple linear analysis. The results of this study indicate that the Self Assessment System, Tax Rates, Tax Avoidance and Tax Evasion have an effect on the Effectiveness of Corporate Income Tax Revenue.