bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vasopressin Cells in the Rodent Olfactory Bulb Resemble Non-Bursting Superficial Tufted Cells and Are Primarily Inhibited upon Olfactory Nerve Stimulation
Authors: Lukas Michael , Suyama Hajime , Egger Veronica
Published: June 2019

The intrinsic vasopressin system of the olfactory bulb is involved in social odor processing and consists of glutamatergic vasopressin cells (VPCs) located at the medial border of the glomerular layer. To characterize VPCs in detail, we combined various electrophysiological, neuroanatomical, and two-photon Ca2+imaging techniques in acute bulb slices from juvenile transgenic rats with eGFP-labeled VPCs. VPCs showed regular non-bursting firing patterns, and displayed slower membrane time constants and higher input resistances versus other glutamatergic tufted cell types. VPC axons spread deeply into the external plexiform and superficial granule cell layer (GCL). Axonal projections fell into two subclasses, with either denser local columnar collaterals or longer-ranging single projections running laterally within the internal plexiform layer and deeper within the granule cell layer. VPCs always featured lateral dendrites and a tortuous apical dendrite that innervated a single glomerulus with a homogenously branching tuft. These tufts lacked Ca2+transients in response to single somatically-evoked action potentials and showed a moderate Ca2+increase upon prolonged action potential trains.

Notably, electrical olfactory nerve stimulation did not result in synaptic excitation of VPCs, but triggered substantial GABAAreceptor-mediated IPSPs that masked excitatory barrages with yet longer latency. Exogenous vasopressin application reduced those IPSPs, as well as olfactory nerve-evoked EPSPs recorded from external tufted cells. In summary, VPCs can be classified as non-bursting, vertical superficial tufted cells. Moreover, our findings imply that sensory input alone cannot trigger excitation of VPCs, arguing for specific additional pathways for excitation or disinhibition in social contexts.
“A Ray of Sunshine on French Tables”
Authors: Cooper Austin R.
Published: June 2019

The French citrus industry in Algeria grew rapidly in terms of land area and fruit production from the 1930s until Algerian Independence in 1962. This article contends that technical expertise regarding citrus cultivation played a role in colonial control of Algeria’s territory, population, and economy. The French regime enrolled Algerian fruit in biopolitical interventions on rural ways of life in Algeria and urban standards of living in France. Technical manuals written by state-affiliated agronomists articulated racial distinctions between French settlers and Algerian peasants through attention to labor practices in the groves. A complex legal, technological, and administrative infrastructure facilitated the circulation of citrus fruit across the Mediterranean and into metropolitan France. This nexus of scientific research, economic profit, and racial hierarchy met criticism during the Algerian War for Independence. In the aftermath, expert discussions about citrus production reflected uncertainties and tensions regarding Algeria’s future. Citrus’ place in scientific, technological, and economic changes in twentieth-century Algeria illuminates the politics of technical expertise under colonialism and during decolonization.
Oncogenic Pathways and Loss of the Rab11 GTPase Synergize To Alter Metabolism in Drosophila
Authors: Nie Yingchao , Yu Shiyan , Li Qi , Nirala Niraj K , Amcheslavsky Alla , Edwards Yvonne J K , Shum Patrick W , Jiang Zhong , Wang Wei , Zhang Biliang , Gao Nan , Ip Y Tony
Published: June 2019

Colorectal cancer is a complex disease driven by well-established mutations such as APC and other yet to be identified pathways. The GTPase Rab11 regulates endosomal protein trafficking, and previously we showed that loss of Rab11 caused intestinal inflammation and hyperplasia in mice and flies. To test the idea that loss of Rab11 may promote cancer progression, we have analyzed archival human patient tissues and observed that 51 out of 70 colon cancer tissues had lower Rab11 protein staining. By using the Drosophila midgut model, we have found that loss of Rab11 can lead to three changes that may relate to cancer progression. First is the disruption of enterocyte polarity based on staining of the FERM domain protein Coracle. Second is an increased proliferation due to an increased expression of the JAK-STAT pathway ligand Upd3. Third is an increased expression of ImpL2, which is an IGFBP7 homolog and can suppress metabolism. Furthermore, loss of Rab11 can act synergistically with the oncoprotein RasV12 to regulate these cancer-related phenotypes.
Administração da morte: A aposentadoria de Senhor Bougran, de J.-K. Huysmans e A Morte de Ivan Ilitch, de Lev Tolstoi
Authors: Abud Filho Régis Mikail
Published: June 2019

O presente artigo compara duas narrativas – A aposentadoria de Senhor Bougran, de J.-K. Huysmans e A morte de Ivan Ilitch, de Lev Tostoi – partindo de uma análise do funcionalismo público e da noção de labor na literatura. Busca-se mostrar de que maneira o anúncio da morte afeta as protagonistas a partir de certos lutos e frustrações em suas vidas. De que maneira o discurso literário confrontase com o discurso administrativo e a vida no serviço público se manifesta nessas situações? São analisadas aqui topoi frequentes no realismo e no naturalismo, presente nas obras em questão, como a vegetação, a decoração e o retrato da vida comum do servidor no serviço público. Como são representadas essas existências comuns? De que maneira suas existências comuns se acomodam no espaço do discurso literário?  *** Administrating death in J.-K. Huysmans’s Mr. Bougran’s Retirement and Leo Tolstoi’s The Death of Ivan Ilitch ***This article compares two short novels – J.-K. Huysmans’s Mr. Bougran’s Retirement and Leo Tolstoi’s The Death of Ivan Ilitch – in an analysis of public service and the concept of labor in literature. We intend to present the way through which the announcement of death affects the main characters from their grief and frustrations in their lives. How does the literary discourse oppose to the administrative discourse? How is life in public service manifested in these situations? Frequent topoi in Realism and Naturalism, present in both texts are analysed, such as vegetation, decor and a portrait of the common public worker’s life. In what sense are these ordinary existences related to the idea of absurd and how do they fit in the literary discourse?Keywords: Labour; Death; Grief; Absurd; Huysmans; Tolstoi.
Acanthophora dendroides Harvey (Rhodomelaceae), a new record for the Atlantic and Pacific oceans
Authors: Garcia-Soto Gabriela , Lopez-Bautista Juan
Published: June 2019

We record Acanthophora dendroides Harvey for the first time in the Atlantic Ocean. Two specimens from the Philippines were resolved as conspecific to the Atlantic A. dendroides in molecular analyses extending its geographic range to the Philippines. In light of new evidence provided by field-collected specimens of Acanthophora spicifera (M.Vahl) Børgesen (generitype) from Florida and Venezuela, the flattened species A. pacifica (Setchell) Kraft, showed no affinity to Acanthophora sensu stricto, suggesting that the genus should be restricted to cylindrical species only.
Strontium Effects on Human Gingival Fibroblasts
Authors: Fernandes Gabriela , Vanyo Stephen T. , Alsharif Shahad Bakheet Atiano , Andreana Sebastiano , Visser Michelle B. , Dziak Rosemary
Published: June 2019

Strontium is a naturally occurring alkaline earth metal that has been shown to be useful not only in the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis but also in the treatment of dentinal hypersensitivity in the oral cavity; strontium is also an effective cariostatic, antiplaque, antigingivitis agent. Relatively little is known, however, about the effects of strontium on gingival fibroblasts. The purpose of the present investigation was to conduct in vitro studies on the potential for strontium to positively affect the activity of these cells such that it might be effective in the enhancement of gingival attachment to surfaces, such as healing abutments in implants in the oral cavity. The results indicate that strontium added as strontium citrate (0.5–1.0 mM), both in the absence and presence of a healing abutment, increases human gingival cell activity and decreases apoptosis in these cells. Scanning electron microscopy studies also reveal that the addition of strontium increases attachment of gingival fibroblasts to the surfaces of healing abutments. These studies provide the basis for further investigations on the use of strontium in the prevention and treatment of peri-implantitis by maximizing the formation of a peri-implant soft-tissue barrier.
Nefrectomia laparoscópica por nefrolitíase: quando é melhor evitar.
Authors: Danilovic Alexandre , Ferreira Thiago Augusto Cunha , Vicentini Fábio Carvalho , Torricelli Fábio César Miranda , Marchini Giovanni Scala , Mazzucchi Eduardo , Nahas Willian Carlos , Srougi Miguel
Published: June 2019

RESUMO Objetivo: investigar os fatores de risco de conversão para cirurgia aberta na nefrectomia laparoscópica (NL) para urolitíase. Métodos: foram revisados os dados de todos os pacientes maiores de 18 anos de idade submetidos à NL entre janeiro de 2006 e maio de 2013 em nossa Instituição. Índice de Charlson, escore ASA, função renal pela equação e estágio de MDRD (Modification of Diet in Renal Disease), achados de tomografia computadorizada (TC) pré-operatória, complicações pela classificação de Clavien-Dindo e taxa de conversão foram analisados. Determinaram-se os fatores de risco para conversão por meio de regressão logística. Resultados: oitenta e quatro pacientes foram submetidos à LN, sendo que 16 (19%) tiveram seu procedimento convertido para cirurgia aberta devido à forte aderência do hilo renal aos órgãos adjacentes. Outras causas associadas à conversão foram sangramento excessivo (n=6) e lesão do intestino grosso (n=3). Na análise univariada, cirurgia renal prévia, borramento da gordura perirrenal, abscesso renal, abscesso perirrenal, abscesso pararrenal, fístula, aderência ao fígado ou baço e aderência ao intestino foram associados à conversão. Na análise multivariada, abscesso pararrenal e aderência ao intestino foram fatores de risco significativos para a conversão. Conclusão: abscesso pararrenal e aderência ao intestino demonstrados na TC pré-operatória são fatores de risco de conversão para cirurgia aberta em LN por urolitíase.
Proposta experimental para análise das variáveis de estado dos gases com Arduino
Authors: Cardoso João Michels , Zannin Marcelo
Published: June 2019

Resumo Por se tratar de uma ciência amplamente aplicada nos ramos tecnológicos, é essencial que a física seja ensinada a partir de demonstrações dos fenômenos e com relações entre teoria e prática. No entanto, por diversos motivos, os professores optam por aulas puramente expositivas. De maneira geral, verifica-se que, dessa forma, os alunos não se interessam pela disciplina e absorvem o conhecimento de forma mecânica. O presente estudo objetivou a construção de um produto educacional de baixo custo, utilizando a plataforma Arduino, para demonstrar a relação entre as variáveis de estado de um gás ideal em aulas do Ensino Médio. Os resultados demonstraram que, mesmo com materiais simples, é possível a construção de um aparato experimental capaz de extrair dados quantitativos e sua utilização em aula pode contribuir na construção do conhecimento de forma potencialmente significativa.
Perceptions of care among elderly couples
Authors: Silva Eloise Panagio , Nogueira Iara Sescon , Labegalini Célia Maria Gomes , Carreira Ligia , Baldissera Vanessa Denardi Antoniassi
Published: June 2019

Abstract Objective: To analyze the perceptions of care among elderly couples. Method: A qualitative exploratory-descriptive type study was carried out in Maringá in the state of Paraná, from May to June 2017. Data were collected through a semi-structured interview conducted at the home of 15 elderly couples and analyzed through Bardin’s Content Analysis, discussed in the light of Jean Watson’s Theory of Transpersonal Care. Results: Three thematic categories emerged: 1) meaning attributed to mutual care; 2) daily activities as forms of care and 3) feelings that permeate care among elderly couples. Conclusion: Elderly couples have multifaceted perceptions of care, permeated by their emotional relationship, bonding, partnership and everyday activities. Health professionals should consider the elderly couple rather than isolated individuals, in order to understand the multiple dimensions of care among elderly couples and their influences on health and well-being, facilitating integral and better quality care for this specific population.
The bony fishes (Teleostei) caught by industrial trawlers off the Brazilian North coast, with insights into its conservation
Authors: Marceniuk Alexandre Pires , Rotundo Matheus Marcos , Caires Rodrigo Antunes , Cordeiro Ana Patricia Barros , Wosiacki Wolmar Benjamin , Oliveira Claudio , Souza-Serra Rayla Roberta Maganhães de , Romão-Júnior João Gomes , Santos Wagner César Rosa dos , Reis Thayson da Silva , Muniz Mairink Ribeiro , Cardoso Gustavo Stabile , Ferrari Stephen , Klautau Alex Garcia Cavalleiro de Macedo , Montag Luciano
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT The Brazilian North coast is one of the world’s most important shrimp fishery grounds, with a total area of approximately 223,000 km2. However, the available data on the diversity of fish caught by the region’s industrial trawler fleet are limited to the commercially-valuable species. This lacuna in the data on the region’s marine fish fauna is worrying, both for the management of stocks and the conservation of the local biodiversity. The present study was based on a comprehensive inventory of the teleost fishes captured by the industrial outrigger trawling operations off the North coast of Brazil. This inventory recorded 201 species belonging to 64 families and 20 orders, and revealed a unique fauna, characterized by 17 endemic species, and a mixture of estuarine-dependent and marine species, mainly associated with coral reefs. The Kernel density analysis indicated that the industrial trawling fleet operates within an important ecotone, which encompasses the transition zones of different fish communities found off the Brazilian North coast.
BLOOD CELLS PROFILE IN UMBILICAL CORD OF LATE PRETERM AND TERM NEWBORNS
Authors: Rolim Anna Carolina Boni , Lambert Marley Aparecida , Borges Juliana Policastro Grassano , Abbas Samira Ali , Bordin José Orlando , Langhi Junior Dante Mário , Chiba Akemi Kuroda , Santos Amélia Miyashiro Nunes dos
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the hematological profile in cord blood of late preterm and term newborns and compare blood indices according to sex, weight for gestational age and type of delivery. Methods: Cross-sectional study with late preterm and term newborns in a second-level maternity. Multiple gestation, chorioamnionitis, maternal or fetal hemorrhage, suspected congenital infection, 5-minute Apgar <6, congenital malformations, and Rh hemolytic disease were excluded. Percentiles 3, 5,10, 25, 50, 75, 90, 95 and 97 of blood indices were calculated for both groups. Results: 2,662 newborns were included in the sample, 51.1% males, 7.3% late preterms, 7.8% small for gestational age (SGA) and 81.2% adequate for gestational age (AGA). Mean gestational age was 35.6±1.9 and 39.3±1.0 weeks, respectively, for premature and term neonates. The erythrocytes indices and white blood cells increased from 34-36.9 to 37-41.9 weeks. Basophils and platelets remained constant during gestation. Premature neonates presented lower values of all blood cells, except for lymphocytes and eosinophils. SGA neonates presented higher values of hemoglobin, hematocrit and lower values of leukocytes, neutrophils, bands, segmented, eosinophils, monocytes and platelets. Male neonates presented similar values of erythrocytes and hemoglobin and lower leukocytes, neutrophils, segmented and platelets. Neonates delivered by C-section had lower values of red blood cells and platelets. Chronic or gestational hypertension induced lower number of platelets. Conclusions: Blood cells increased during gestation, except for platelets and basophils. SGA neonates had higher hemoglobin and hematocrit values and lower leukocytes. Number of platelets was smaller in male SGAs, born by C-section and whose mothers had hypertension.
Textual Artifact of Advertising: A Thrust of Halliday’s Mood System Resources
Authors: Dalamu Taofeek O.
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT This paper argued that advertising contains variegated texts that theoretical terminologies are capable of exemplifying. Thus, ten beverage advertisements, among other types were chosen for analysis. Halliday’s mood exchange resources decomposed the texts into meaningful components, which were further calculated with tables and graphs. The calibration indicated that Complement (official milk, Uncle Thomas), Adjunct (with *826#, of Akwa Ibom), and Predicator (Dial, Drink) were dominant grammatical forms of semiosis sometimes appearing without the Subject and Finite elements. Moreover, the examination revealed exchanges initiated in the “interactions” as operating in the spheres of half-constitutive and half-ancillary organs that are significantly associated with socio-cultural norms. Prominent in the text were features of products, personal benefits and textual exaltations. Theoretical mediums, as this study suggests, would serve to uncover communication details to influence the authorities on advertising regulations.
Descripción de la diversidad y densidad léxicas en noticias escritas por estudiantes de periodismo
Authors: Riffo Karina Fuentes , Osuna Sergio Hernández , Lagos Pedro Salcedo
Published: June 2019

RESUMEN El objetivo de este trabajo es describir cuantitativamente la riqueza léxica de noticias informativas, escritas por estudiantes de periodismo, mediante los indicadores de diversidad y densidad léxicas. Se realizó un análisis comparativo de corpus de noticias elaboradas por estudiantes en dos ciclos universitarios (primer año y cuarto año) y por un grupo de profesionales. Se utilizaron las métricas de densidad léxica y de diversidad léxica para comparar los corpus y, mediante pruebas estadísticas, se analizaron las diferencias entre los grupos. Si bien los resultados muestran diferencias, es la densidad léxica el indicador en que se encuentran las diferencias estadísticamente significativas, evidenciando que aunque los estudiantes manejan un léxico amplio y variado, el nivel informativo y la capacidad comunicativa de sus textos son insuficientes comparados con el que se utiliza a nivel profesional.
A construção colaborativa do ato de ensinar: impactos do subprojeto A World of Englishes em contexto de formação inicial
Authors: Quadros-Zamboni Alessandra da Silva
Published: June 2019

RESUMO Este artigo objetiva analisar quatro aspectos referentes à implementação de um subprojeto de formação inicial de professores de língua inglesa: opção pelo magistério e pelo subprojeto; impressões sobre o subprojeto; impactos do subprojeto sobre os alunos-professores em formação; e quais desafios se apresentam em termos de formação acadêmica e profissional. O subprojeto fundamentou-se nas concepções teóricas de língua como discurso (BAKHTIN, 2010; JORDÃO; FOGAÇA, 2007), letramento crítico (CERVETTI; PARDALES; DAMICO, 2001; MUSPRATT; LUKE; FREEBODY, 1997) e inglês como língua franca (DEWEY, 2012; EL KADRI, 2010; SEIDLHOFER, 2001). A análise apoiou-se nos dados gerados por questionários respondidos pelos alunos-professores participantes do subprojeto. Os resultados apontam para uma visão mais amadurecida sobre a profissão e a atuação docente, aumento da autoestima dos alunos-professores e desenvolvimento de estratégias para a superação das dificuldades individuais e coletivas.
Aplicação do ciclo de ensino e aprendizagem à luz da Pedagogia de Gêneros
Authors: Oliveira Sandra M. N. de
Published: June 2019

RESUMO O trabalho com leitura e produção escrita é um desafio em turmas de Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA), dadas as características particulares dessa modalidade de ensino. Na busca por uma metodologia eficiente, aplicamos, em uma turma de ensino médio, um programa de trabalho com gêneros textuais à luz das orientações da Escola de Sydney (MARTIN; ROSE, 2008; ROSE; MARTIN, 2012), adaptando-o à realidade brasileira. Sendo assim, este artigo objetiva relatar uma experiência realizada em uma turma de ensino médio de EJA e demonstrar que um trabalho de produção de escrita organizado em etapas pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento linguístico de uma classe de alunos que apresentam lacunas na sua formação escolar. Para atingir nosso propósito, sugerimos à turma a produção de relatos autobiográficos em ciclos, para a qual foi realizada a aplicação sequenciada das três etapas que constituem a Pedagogia de Gêneros: Desconstrução, Construção Conjunta e Construção Independente. Os resultados apontam para um crescimento gradual e importante na qualidade das produções textuais dos alunos.
Samambaias e Licófitas da Pedra do Elefante, Espírito Santo, Brasil
Authors: Pena Nelson Túlio L. , Labiak Paulo H. , Schwartsburd Pedro B. , Alves-Araújo Anderson
Published: June 2019

Resumo Os resultados aqui apresentados fazem parte de um trabalho maior que consiste na Flora Vascular da Pedra do Elefante, Nova Venécia, Espírito Santo. As expedições a campo foram realizadas de março de 2010 a julho de 2016, em um total de 23 visitas ao local. As amostras foram incorporadas principalmente nos herbários CEPEC, MBML, RB, UPCB, VIC e VIES. Sessenta e três espécies, uma subespécie, três variedades e dois híbridos de samambaias e licófitas foram registradas, distribuídas em 32 gêneros e 15 famílias. As famílias mais representativas foram Pteridaceae (14 spp.), Polypodiaceae (11 spp.), Anemiaceae (9 spp.) e Selaginellaceae (5 spp.). Os gêneros mais representativos foram Anemia (9 spp), Selaginella (5 spp.), Adiantum e Pteris (4 spp. cada). Dentre estas, três espécies são novas ocorrências para o Espírito Santo e oito táxons apresentam estado de conservação. Chaves de identificações em nível genérico e específico, comentários, e distribuição geográfica para todos os táxons são apresentados. Inventários florísticos no Espírito Santo são importantes, principalmente em áreas que possuem afloramentos rochosos, pois o baixo esforço de amostragem e a alta pressão antrópica, causam impactos negativos na preservação da vegetação nativa.
Anathallis (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) no estado do Paraná, Brasil
Authors: Santos Milena do Carmo , Brito Antonio Luiz Vieira Toscano de , Smidt Eric de Camargo
Published: June 2019

Resumo Anathallis compreende cerca de 165 espécies distribuídas no Neotrópico. Através da análise de material depositado em herbários nacionais e estrangeiros e da realização de trabalho de campo, 17 espécies foram identificadas para o estado do Paraná e são atribuídas a quatro grupos informais: “Acuminatae” (Anathallis rubens e A. sclerophylla), “Alatae” (A. citrina, A. dryadum, A. ferdinandiana, A. gert-hatschbachii, A. heterophylla e A. obovata), “Margaritifera” (A. linearifolia e A. piratiningana) e “Panmorphia” (A. adenochila, A. aristulata, A. bleyensis, A. corticicola, A. microphyta, A. modesta e A. vitorinoi). O gênero ocorre nas diferentes fitofisionomias do estado, sobretudo no Primeiro Planalto, na Floresta Ombrófila Mista e na Estepe Gramíneo Lenhosa. Segundo os critérios da IUCN, a maioria enquadra-se na categoria “Em Perigo”. Quatro sinonímias são aqui propostas: Anathallis kleinii é considerada sinônimo de A. corticicola, A. microblephara de A. modesta, A. pabstii de A. gert-hatschbachii e A. ypirangae de A. ferdinandiana. Além disso são propostos um lectótipo e um epítipo para Pleurothallis microblephara. São apresentados uma chave para identificação das espécies, descrições, ilustrações, lista de material examinado, dados sobre distribuição geográfica e estado de conservação dos táxons.
Tool for validation and import in herbarium database
Authors: Silva Luís Alexandre Estevão da , Oliveira Felipe Alves de , Lima Rafael Oliveira , Bellon Ernani , Ribeiro Rafael da Silva , Clemente Leonardo da Silva , Medeiros Erika von Sohsten de Souza , Magdalena Ulises Rodrigo
Published: June 2019

Abstract Many biological collections databases feature data quality problems. On the existing computational resources, we present an import tool and data validation. The program applies filters to data submitted through a spreadsheet at the time of data import, streamlining the error-checking process. The validations presented were divided into three categories according to the taxonomic, geographical and general specimen collection data. Its implementation eliminated the errors in the data entry of new vouchers in the Herbarium of the Botanical Garden of Rio de Janeiro.
A clínica do dentista na Estratégia Saúde da Família: entre a inovação e o conservadorismo
Authors: Leme Pedro Augusto Thiene , Bastos Rodrigo Almeida , Turato Egberto Ribeiro , Meneghim Marcelo de Castro
Published: June 2019

Resumo Objetivou-se compreender com maior grau de aproximação aspectos da relação entre a odontologia e a sociedade por meio da observação direta do cotidiano e do discurso de dentistas membros de equipes da Estratégia Saúde da Família, que discorreram sobre sua terapêutica na área da saúde bucal num novo cenário normativo. Estudo desenvolvido utilizando o Método Clínico-Qualitativo durante o ano de 2016, que partiu do tema “terapêutica da cárie dentária” como assunto disparador para o desenvolvimento das entrevistas, realizadas por meio de roteiro semidirigido de questões abertas em profundidade, nas próprias unidades de saúde. O material obtido foi analisado por meio de Análise Qualitativa de Conteúdo. Os resultados evidenciaram configurações de poder provenientes de um modelo odontológico conservador, desfavoráveis ao propósito da Promoção da Saúde, mas apontaram também potencialidades trazidas pelo modelo de Saúde da Família, reveladas por meio da criatividade e reflexividade sobre ações educativas e desafios que puderam estimular o profissional. Considerou-se, entretanto, que o trabalho do dentista nesse contexto conservou, predominantemente, um modus operandi hegemônico, caracterizado por relações desequilibradas de poder.
Factores de calidad determinantes de la formación práctica de los estudiantes de educación
Authors: González Sara Serrate , Martín Sonia Casillas , González Marcos Cabezas
Published: June 2019

Resumen El presente artículo contribuye a conocer y reconocer aquellos factores determinantes de una formación práctica de calidad. Los ejes de interés de la investigación se centran en la satisfacción de los alumnos y la utilidad percibida durante este periodo formativo y la valoración de la evaluación de la materia. Así mismo, se ha estudiado la relación existente con variables como el tipo de centro o las expectativas iniciales. El estudio se sitúa en un enfoque cuantitativo con un diseño de investigación de tipo pre-experimental con pre-test y post-test. El tratamiento de los datos resulta del análisis descriptivo e inferencial, estudiando la relación de las diferentes dimensiones y la influencia o no de algunos factores. La satisfacción general con este período es muy alta, destacando que los estudiantes que se encuentran más satisfechos consideran que las prácticas son más útiles para su formación. Se ha observado también que el centro asignado influye considerablemente en la satisfacción del estudiante. Estos resultados obtenidos permiten tomar decisiones que ayuden a mejorar dicho proceso de prácticas.
Impacto da Reforma Cabanis no ensino médico do Brasil: ensaio de arqueologia neofoucaultiana
Authors: Almeida-Filho Naomar
Published: June 2019

Resumo O ensaio avalia o impacto da Reforma Cabanis na configuração do modelo de formação em saúde que se tornou hegemônico no Brasil. Primeiro, discute o processo de construção social, ideológica e institucional do modelo de assistência à saúde da França pós-revolucionária. Em seguida, introduz os principais elementos da Reforma Cabanis, analisando aspectos curriculares e pedagógicos da nova proposta de ensino médico baseado em profissionalismo, disciplinaridade e especialização que resultou num sistema de ensino superior sem universidades. Depois avalia o processo histórico que resultou no “afrancesamento” do sistema educacional brasileiro, resultando num modelo de formação em saúde baseado em faculdades, hospitais, aulas, disciplinas, especialidades e diplomas.
Los entornos de aprendizaje inmersivo y la enseñanza a ciber-generaciones
Authors: Torres Claudia Eugenia Toca , Rodríguez Jesús Carrillo
Published: June 2019

Resumen A pesar de que la tecnología es una herramienta fundamental en los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje, tanto adelantos tecnológicos como sus aplicaciones demandan mayor difusión y socialización, particularmente entre los docentes de los países en desarrollo. El presente artículo sistematiza un estado del arte sobre entornos de aprendizaje virtual y presenta información sobre algunas de las tecnologías más usadas. Se asume como hipótesis central que existe una brecha significativa en los usos de los avances tecnológicos en la educación en los países en desarrollo. Para ello, se recurre al trabajo heurístico y hermenéutico, explorando en las investigaciones en países del primer mundo, las posibilidades de la virtualidad para la formación primaria y secundaria en Colombia y México. Un mapa conceptual se presenta como herramienta de compilación y asociación. Se identifica que simSchool tiene mayor potencial para usarse como una plataforma para la educación especialmente a distancia y para distintos grupos y que los países de la región deben hacer esfuerzos para enmarcar sus sistemas educativos en la dinámica inmersiva.
Prácticas y concepciones de retroalimentación en Formación Inicial Docente
Authors: Pérez Gloria Contreras , González Carmen Gloria Zúñiga
Published: June 2019

Resumen Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación realizada en una universidad privada formadora de profesores en Chile y su objetivo es caracterizar la retroalimentación que otorgan los docentes a sus estudiantes al devolver trabajos conducentes a calificación y conocer las concepciones subyacentes a dichas prácticas. El enfoque de investigación es cualitativo-interpretativo y tuvo como participantes a cuatro profesores de distintas asignaturas y estudiantes inscritos en cada asignatura. Se observó la devolución de trabajos calificados; se analizaron los trabajos corregidos y calificados; se entrevistó a cada docente y se realizó un grupo focal con sus estudiantes. Respecto de la caracterización de la retroalimentación entregada por los docentes, los resultados arrojaron que existe gran variedad en los tipos de retroalimentación: confirmativa, correctiva, especificar logros, especificar lo que falta y construir aprendizajes. Al igual que en la retroalimentación encontrada, se evidenciaron diferencias en las concepciones subyacentes a las prácticas de los docentes observados: retroalimentación entendida como corrección de la tarea, retroalimentación entendida como la especificación del aprendizaje no logrado, retroalimentación entendida como mejoría proyectiva y retroalimentación entendida como diálogo, siendo las dos últimas las más valoradas por los estudiantes. Esta valoración enfatiza la necesidad de incluir la retroalimentación como materia de estudio en los programas de Formación Inicial Docente, pues la novedad de estas materias ha llevado a que no todos los profesores en formación tengan preparación formal en retroalimentación y que, por tanto, en su futuro desempeño en las salas de clases, repliquen lo aprendido por observación en su experiencia universitaria.
Dependency Learning for QBF
Authors: Peitl Tomáš , Slivovsky Friedrich , Szeider Stefan
Published: June 2019

Quantified Boolean Formulas (QBFs) can be used to succinctly encode problems from domains such as formal verification, planning, and synthesis. One of the main approaches to QBF solving is Quantified Conflict Driven Clause Learning (QCDCL). By default, QCDCL assigns variables in the order of their appearance in the quantifier prefix so as to account for dependencies among variables. Dependency schemes can be used to relax this restriction and exploit independence among variables in certain cases, but only at the cost of nontrivial interferences with the proof system underlying QCDCL. We introduce dependency learning, a new technique for exploiting variable independence within QCDCL that allows solvers to learn variable dependencies on the fly. The resulting version of QCDCL enjoys improved propagation and increased flexibility in choosing variables for branching while retaining ordinary (long-distance) Q-resolution as its underlying proof system. We show that dependency learning can achieve exponential speedups over ordinary QCDCL. Experiments on standard benchmark sets demonstrate the effectiveness of this technique.
(In)visible Bodies: Re-Theorizing the Consumption of Bodies Through Divine Possession in Post-War Sri Lanka
Authors: Dure Olivia
Published: June 2019

This paper examines the ritual of divine possession in post-war Sri Lanka, specifically looking to how the act of divine possession involves a powerful articulation of women’s bodily agency. Drawing from historical sources such as colonial era journals, legislation, chronicles, political speeches, and news coverage, as well as my own field work, I trace how women’s bodies are often depicted as sites of the nation and are forcefully consumed, through constructions of gendered norms, forms of labor, and legislation for the continuance of that nation. I posit that divine possession engages in a (re)consumption of women’s bodies that works to counter the violence of the nation/state by making community trauma legible on the body itself.
La seguridad después de la guerra: nuevos referentes de seguridad para el post acuerdo de paz en Colombia
Authors: Navia López Ángela
Published: June 2019

Los acuerdos de paz de La Habana presentan una visión moderna y cualitativamente nueva de seguridad. Aluden a la seguridad humana como un derecho de la sociedad. Sin embrago, la noción de seguridad no es unívoca. En Colombia ha persistido la visión clásica de seguridad reflejada en la Doctrina de Seguridad Nacional. El presente artículo analiza esta doctrina y argumenta la necesidad de transitar a otros paradigmas de seguridad, como la seguridad humana, como requisito para la construcción de paz. En primer lugar, se realiza un acercamiento a la conceptualización de seguridad. Posteriormente, se describen las principales características de la Doctrina de Seguridad Nacional, evidenciando su evolución histórica y lo imperioso de su abandono. Esto permite, finalmente, resaltar la importancia de la concepción de seguridad humana erigida en los acuerdos de paz.
Amparo universal de los derechos de los migrantes. Marco comparativo y convencional de protección
Authors: Gil Botero Enrique
Published: June 2019

En este texto se describen, en primer lugar, algunas de las principales dinámicas y situaciones de las crisis migratorias que se han venido evidenciando en la región durante los últimos años, así como también algunos elementos comunes a estas crisis. Posteriormente, se aborda el tema del debido proceso en el ejercicio de la política y el control migratorio y los estándares internacionales del procedimiento de determinación de la condición de refugiado. Finalmente, a partir de algunos de los principales casos que han sido resueltos por los órganos del Sistema Interamericano de Derechos Humanos – la Comisión y la Corte – y por el Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos, se muestran las contribuciones que se han generado en el desarrollo de estándares tendientes a garantizar los derechos humanos de las personas migrantes y otras en el contexto de la movilidad humana.
ANALYSIS OF COMPOSITE BIOMASS FUELS PROPERTIES
Authors: Cubars Edgars , Poiša Liena
Published: June 2019

There is a growing interest about the possibility of exploiting the local biomass as an energy source. The main resource for biofuel production in Latvia is wood. Water plants, like common reed, growing in nearly all of the water reservoirs in Latvia, and all cultivate plants and residues of cereal crops, also can be good alternative for solid bio fuels production. The aim of this paper is to analyze possibilities to make composite fuels from these recourses. The study reveals research of ash content and highest burning heat value in different composite biomass fuels. It contains analysis of samples obtained from various local Latvian biomass types, i.e. reed, wood, flax spray, hay, hemp and peat, by combining them in different proportions. The study contains optimal combining proportions of different biomass types for composite fuel production basing on the ash content and burning heat in them. The results of the study show that the value of wood highest burning heat is higher than another biomass types like reed, peat, hay, hemp and flax spray. It means that combining of different biomass types with wood, will reduce the calorific value of composite biomass. Also, wood is a fuel with a low ash content, and admixture of various biomass types available in Latvia, as well as admixture of coal dust to the wood in composite duels, increases ash content in the respective fuels. In order to increase the burning heat and decrease ash content value to the optimal level and to diversify raw materials necessary for biomass fuel generating process, the authors analyze possibilities of using composite fuels by combining wood and coal dust.
CLAY DETECTION IN LAKES OF LATGALE USING GROUND PENETRATING RADAR
Authors: Tretjakova Rasma , Kodors Sergejs , Soms Juris , Alksnis Aigars
Published: June 2019

The most common method to determine the presence of clay in lakebed is coring method. This method requires survey of the whole lake area using stratified sampling method which is time and physical labour consuming process. To lessen the amount of coring samples and narrow the area of clay survey thus making the whole process faster and more effective, research was made to determine the possibility to indentify clay and its sediments using georadar survey or ground penetrating radar (GPR) method. GPR data analysis and coring studies in lake Zeiļu were used to evaluate GPR as potential method in lake clay sediment research. GPR method was tested in summer and winter during ice-covered period.
DEVELOPMENT POSSIBILITIES OF THE GREEN ECONOMY IN LATVIA (EXAMPLE OF REZEKNE MUNICIPALITY)
Authors: Batare Sintija , Znotiņa Daina
Published: June 2019

Preserving natural capital is important topic in 21st century in order to ensure prosperity by sustaining qualitative ecosystem services that are both - non-material and material benefits provided by nature. As research outlines, green economy is based on three pillars of sustainable development - social, economic and environmental. It was concluded, that the main principles of the green economy are sustainable development, which stimulates economic growth, reduces poverty, while placing natural capital as a major asset; development adapted to the interests and opportunities of each country, regions and local areas ensuring participation of the population, social inclusion; promotion of green industries (renewable energy, waste management, sustainable agriculture); efficient use of natural resources. Research paper analyses the current situation and future potential of Latvia in the implementation of the green economy, taking as the example evaluation of the situation in the Rezekne Municipality. Research methods such as logical constructive method, document analysis, and interviews were used to gather, analyse and reflect information which was then used to create evaluation model that was used in the focus group to assess weaknesses and potential of Rezekne Municipality, for example, potential in the production of gas from waste. Also important is education of society and their involvement in non-governmental organizations, and the development of the greener way of thinking, where there are noticeable weaknesses. It is possible to take direct examples from other countries (case studies from Finland, France, Lithuania, and Great Britain) that already have experience and real results.
EFFECTS OF ANTHROPOGENIC IMPACT ON SEXUAL DIFFERENTIATION OF CERTAIN SPECIES OF THE GENUS SALIX
Authors: Konchina Tatyana , Oparina Svetlana , Sidorskaya Viola , Rostunov Alexander , Zhestkova Elena
Published: June 2019

Plant organisms actively respond to changes in the natural components of their environment. A sensitive indicator of the adaptation of the plant organism to the environment is the state of the reproductive system. The article discusses the results of a study of the sex composition of populations and the quality of pollen grains of two species of the genus Salix. The peculiarities of the sexual sphere Salix fragilis and Salix dasyclados revealed during the work show the feminizing effect on the sexual structure of the populations of these types of anthropogenic factors. During the increase of stress conditions the level of vitality and fertilizing ability of pollen grains decreases. The results of the study confirm the possibility of using these plants as bioindicators of the environment.
SAVING RESOURCES IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANTS
Authors: Balzannikov Mikhail
Published: June 2019

The article describes run-of-the-river hydroelectric power plants. The authors specify the importance of performing technical and economic calculations in justifying the large-sized units of the water-supplying channel of a run-of-the-river hydroelectric power plant: turbine pits and suction (discharge) pipes. The study shows that the amount of construction work and the total cost of building a hydroelectric power plant depend on the size of these water supply units. The research objective is to analyze the validity of establishing the main dimensions of the suction pipes for modern technical and economic conditions. The researchers use the discounted income method. The calculations are performed for a hydroelectric power plant with an elbow suction pipe. The analysis of how the operating conditions of a hydroelectric power plant influence the savings of construction resources is carried out. The analysis shows that saving construction resources by reducing the length of the suction pipe is justified if the hydroelectric power plamt is designed to work only at peak power loads. For hydroelectric power plants operating at semi-peak or base power loads, the additional construction costs would be appropriate if leading to the decrease in pressure loss and to the increase in electricity generation.
THE TECHNOLOGY OF CO-CULTURING OF POTATOES WITH HONEY PLANTS AND PROSPECTS OF ITS TECHNICAL SUPPORT
Authors: Voiku Ivan
Published: June 2019

The right way out of the crisis of the agro-based industries is the maximum use of the opportunities of scientific and technological progress and the orientation of the real economy to innovative development. One of the promising technologies of crop production is an innovative technology in potato growing, which provides for the co-culturing of potatoes with honey crops. Phacelia tanacetifolia (PhaceliatanacetifoliaBenth) is selected as honey crop, which is a valuable green manure. It allows to reduce the need for organic and mineral fertilizers, increases the ecological cleanness of products, favors the growth of potato yield, provides the additional honey yield. Phacelia significantly improves the soil structure, displacing a significant part of weeds, providing natural loosening of the soil, protection from drying out, from pests and parasites. The co-culturing of potatoes with phacelia protects the environment from the use of dangerous plant protection products. If the economic effect is defined as the difference between the profits of innovative and traditional technologies, then, according to preliminary calculations, the level of profitability of innovative technology in potato growing is 1.9 times higher, and the profit from 1 ha is 1.6 times higher compared with the traditional technology. Large-scale development of the proposed technology is hampered by the lack of potato planters and seed planters, which provide planting of potatoes and sowing seeds of honey crops simultaneously, in the Russian market and the markets of the European Union. An innovative technology - mounted seeder for potato planters was developed by the staff members of the Pskov State University. The article describes the main agro-technological requirements to this device. A general model and a kinematic scheme were developed to visualize the combination of the working elements of the potato planter and the mounted seeder. The developed model falls into the type of seed planters, which is designed to sowing in drills the seeds of honey crops (phacelia) in the furrow between potatoes at the time of the forthcoming closing of this furrow by soil, and can be used in agricultural engineering. Potential consumers of the proposed innovative technology in potato growing and the developed mounted seeder are farm enterprises and agricultural production cooperatives, which have small plots of land, use crop rotation systems in potato growing, and work for reducing costs and increasing the yield of potato cultivation.
MODIFICATION OF HUMIC SUBSTANCES FOR DEVELOPMENT OF MATERIALS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Klavins Maris
Published: June 2019

Humic substances are high molecular weight refractory polycationites formed during decay of living organic matter and through biosynthesis of low molecular weight organic substances (metabolites or decay products of living organisms). Presence of many functional groups in the structure of humic substances determines their ability to interact with metal ions forming stable complexes and influencing metal ion speciation in the environment and mobility, behaviour and speciation forms in the environment. Presently humic substances are a product of industrial scale and quantities in amounts of hundreds of tons are produced. The aim of this study is to analyse derivatization possibilities of humic substances. To achieve this aim derivatization of humic substances using acylation (at first introduction of acetylgroups, but also changing length acyl chains are considered) are used. Also alkylation is used. Mild oxidation can help to obtain modified products with reduced molecular weight. Another approach includes introduction of new functional groups and structures. To achieve this aim, conjugates with short peptides, amines and sugar derivatives using coupling with water-soluble carbodiimides are obtained. As basic characteristics elemental analysis as well as functional analysis have been used, supported with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry and other methods. Derivatives of humic substances containing sulpho, amino, and hydroxylgroups and thiolgroups were synthesized and their properties were analyzed in respect to their their elemental composition; functional group content changes in spectral characteristics. The derivatives of humic substances showed significant differences in the number and in ability to interact with the metal ions, which were reflected in their complexation properties towards metal ions. FTIR spectra gave evidence of the presence of metal ions, strongly bound and protected in inner sphere complexes. The obtained derivatives of humic substances can be used for remediation of environment contaminated with heavy metal ions.