bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perimetria da cintura e abdômen: pontos distintos para a estratificação do risco cardiometabólico
Authors: de Oliveira Chaves Tiago , de Albuquerque Maurício Clóvis , Silva Reis Michel
Published: September 2024

Introdução: A circunferência da cintura é um parâmetro importante para a avaliação do risco cardiometabólico. Objetivo: Mensurar e confrontar duas referências anatômicas distintas com o intuito de checar se essas duas variáveis podem ser aplicadas com o mesmo objetivo na determinação do risco cardiometabólico. Métodos: 80 homens e 77 mulheres (18-55 anos), aparentemente saudáveis, foram selecionados. Foram mensurados os pontos antropométricos: circunferência da cintura (entre a última costela e a borda da crista ilíaca) e circunferência abdominal (em cima da cicatriz umbilical). Posteriormente, foram submetidos ao teste de normalidade (Kolmogorov-Smirnov test) e homogeneidade (Levene test). Em seguida, foi aplicado o teste t de Student não pareado e os resultados apresentados em média ± desvio-padrão. O nível de significância adotado foi (p < 0,05) e as análises foram realizadas com o software SigmaPlot for Windows versão 11.0, copyright © 2008 Systat Software, Inc. Além disso, foi calculada a diferença e delta percentuais dos respectivos grupos. Resultados: O grupo do sexo feminino apresentou diferença significativa entre os pontos antropométricos (p = 0,001), diferença percentual de 46,8% e delta percentual de 53,2%. Os homens não apresentaram diferença estatística, diferença percentual de 1,25% e delta percentual de 1,25%. Conclusão: Observou-se que, nas mulheres, as distintas medidas antropométricas possuem diferença não apenas no ponto anatômico, mas também em sua perimetria. Além do mais, grande parte da amostra avaliada do sexo feminino estaria classificada de maneira equivocada, caso fosse adotado como ponto de corte a CAB, ao invés da CC, conforme demonstrado nos cálculos das diferenças percentuais e também no delta percentual. Palavras-chave: Síndrome metabólica; obesidade; exercício físico; estilo de vida; atenção primária à saúde.
Data Science Principles for Interpretable and Explainable AI
Authors: Sankaran Kris
Published: September 2024

Society’s capacity for algorithmic problem-solving has never been greater. Artificial Intelligence is now applied across more domains than ever, a consequence of powerful abstractions, abundant data, and accessible software. As capabilities have expanded, so have risks, with models often deployed without fully understanding their potential impacts. Interpretable and interactive machine learning aims to make complex models more transparent and controllable, enhancing user agency. This review synthesizes key principles from the growing literature in this field. We first introduce precise vocabulary for discussing interpretability, like the distinction between glass box and explainable models. We then explore connections to classical statistical and design principles, like parsimony and the gulfs of interaction. Basic explainability techniques – including learned embeddings, integrated gradients, and concept bottlenecks – are illustrated with a simple case study. We also review criteria for objectively evaluating interpretability approaches. Throughout, we underscore the importance of considering audience goals when designing interactive data-driven systems. Finally, we outline open challenges and discuss the potential role of data science in addressing them. Code to reproduce all examples can be found at https://go.wisc.edu/3k1ewe.
Assessing the Effectiveness of Blended Learning in ESL Education
Authors: Babazade Yasin
Published: September 2024

Blended learning, a hybrid educational approach combining face-to-face instruction with online resources, has become increasingly influential in English as a Second Language (ESL) education. This article assesses the effectiveness of blended learning in ESL by examining its impact on student engagement, personalized learning, and flexibility. By integrating digital tools and traditional methods, blended learning caters to diverse learner needs, promoting autonomy and improving digital literacy. However, challenges such as technological barriers, teacher preparedness, and student motivation must be addressed to optimize outcomes. This study highlights key benefits and explores strategies for overcoming obstacles, offering insights into the future of ESL education in a blended environment.
The Role of Technology in Modern Language Education
Authors: Urbaite Gerda
Published: September 2024

This article explores the transformative role of technology in modern language education, highlighting the significant advancements over the past thirty years. It begins with an overview of traditional language teaching methods and their limitations, followed by a discussion on the integration of the Internet, which has revolutionized access to language learning resources and facilitated virtual classrooms. The article delves into the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly its recent widespread adoption since 2022, in creating personalized and adaptive learning experiences. It also examines interactive and immersive technologies such as Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR), which provide engaging, real-world practice scenarios. Additionally, the benefits and challenges of technology in language education are analyzed, supported by case studies and testimonials. The article concludes by exploring emerging trends and the need for a balanced approach between traditional methods and technological advancements to create effective and inclusive language learning environments.
A VINCULAÇÃO DA ADMINISTRAÇÃO PÚBLICA AOS PRECEDENTES DO STF: IMPLICAÇÕES PARA O BENEFÍCIO ASSISTENCIAL AO IDOSO E À PESSOA COM DEFICIÊNCIA
Authors: Portela Bruna Carvalho
Published: September 2024

Este artigo analisa a obrigatoriedade da Administração Pública em seguir os precedentes vinculantes do Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF), com ênfase no impacto dessas decisões na concessão do Benefício de Amparo Assistencial ao Idoso e à Pessoa com Deficiência, conforme previsto na Lei Orgânica da Assistência Social (LOAS). A pesquisa busca compreender como a jurisprudência consolidada pelo STF tem influenciado a atuação administrativa na concessão desse benefício, além de explorar as dificuldades enfrentadas pelos gestores públicos em adequar suas práticas às decisões judiciais. Utilizando uma metodologia baseada na análise jurisprudencial e revisão bibliográfica, o estudo identifica os principais desafios enfrentados pela Administração Pública, tais como a complexidade da aplicação de precedentes e as implicações no tempo de tramitação dos processos. Os resultados indicam que, embora a vinculação aos precedentes do STF tenha como objetivo uniformizar as decisões administrativas, ainda há lacunas na sua implementação, comprometendo a celeridade e a efetividade na concessão dos benefícios assistenciais.
Effect of Fuel Injection Parameters on Engine Performance in A Conventional Single Cylinder Spark Ignition Engine
Authors: Orman Recep Çağrı
Published: September 2024

In this study, a 1D model was created using the Ricardo-Wave program for a single-cylinder, spark ignition, four-stroke, direct injection engine with a stroke volume of 398 cc. Air-fuel ratio (AFR), mixture temperature (MT), and start of injection (SOI) were used as fuel injection parameters. Using these parameters, 343 different cases were created. Brake power, thermal efficiency, and fuel consumption were used as engine performance parameters. By holding one injection parameter constant, a contour plot was created to examine the effect of the other two parameters on the engine performance parameter. According to the results, the effect of MT and SOI on brake power is 1%, the effect of AFR on brake power is 9.6%, the effect of MT and SOI on thermal efficiency is 1%, and the effect of AFR on thermal efficiency is 12.8%. The effect of MT and SOI on fuel consumption is 0.04%, the effect of AFR on fuel consumption is 22.9%, and the effect of AFR on brake specific fuel consumption is 22.9%. These results indicate that the most significant effect is provided by AFR, while MT and SOI also have a slight impact on engine performance.
A randomized controlled study of Bhumyamalaki Mula Churna and Yastimadhu Churna in the management of Raktapradara (DUB).
Authors: SHREYES SHREYES S , Bali M.R Yogitha
Published: September 2024

Background:   
Dysfunctional uterine bleeding that can be correlated in Ayurveda as Rakta Pradara is the common problem most suffered and came across by Gynaecologist in current practice. It’s more prevalent and growing higher due to modernization and change in our daily dietary habits and physical activities.
Design: This was a randomized controlled comparative clinical study including 40 patients in two groups, Group A and Group B with 20 patients each. The present study assessed the parameters before and after the treatment on pain, duration of the menstrual flow, Interval between the Menstrual cycle, Amount of Menstrual bleeding loss, Consistency of bleeding, Staining, Intensity of pain during menstruation and Colour of menstrual bleeding.
Intervention: Group A recieved Bhumyamalaki mula churna 3gms with tandulodaka anupana before food, thrice a day for 30 days from 5th day of the menstrual cycle in 3 cycles. Group B received Yastimadhu churna 3gms with sita and tandulodaka as anupana before food, thrice a day for 30 days from 5th day of the menstrual cycle in 3 cycles.   
 
Results: Both between and within groups with repeated measures analysis of variance (RMANOVA) with Bonferroni showed significant changes in Group A (Bhumyamalaki mula churna) compared to Group B (Yastimadhu churna) on pain, duration of the menstrual flow, Interval between the Menstrual cycle, Amount of Menstrual bleeding loss, Consistency of bleeding, Staining, Intensity of pain during menstruation and Colour of menstrual bleeding with (p≤0.05).  
Conclusion: Bhumyamalaki mula churna is effective compared to Yastimadhu churna in patients suffering from Rakta pradara.
An open label -single arm surgical trial on sootika stana vidradhi w.s.r breast abscess.
Authors: SHREYES SHREYES S , Bali M.R Yogitha
Published: September 2024

Breast abscess usually occurs as a complication of mastitis and is defined as a localized collection of purulent material within the breast parenchyma. In Ayurveda, breast abscess may be correlated with Stana Vidradhi. Susrutha, an Ancient Surgeon has described about Abscess as Vidradhi and explains the features and treatment of Stana Vidradhi similar to that of Vidradhi which depends on the Pakvata (ripen) and Apakvata (unripe) stage of Vidradhi that includes both abhyantara and sthanika chkitsa. This was an open label single arm surgical trial that included 30 sootika patients diagnosed with Stana vidradhi. All 30 patients received the classical shastra karma explained in Ayurvedic science with Modern approach that included Bhedana, Visravana, Vrana prakshalana and Vrana ropana. Duration of the study was 7 days with before and after assessment. Assessments were made on 1st day and on the 8th day after the treatment. Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test showed that there was a significant reduction in visual analog scale, pain, swelling, slough, discharge, granulation tissue, and wound size with (p≤0.005) after the treatment. This study showed that shastra karma (Surgical intervention) explained in Ayurvedic science is effective in the management of Sootika Stana Vidradhi that included a comprehensive approach of Modern aid that included Bhedana, Visravana and Ayurvedic intervention of Vrana prakshalana and Vrana ropana.
Ayurvedic management of Blepharospasm - A Case Report
Authors: Puthiyara Munavvara Thasleena
Published: September 2024

Blepharospasm is a focal dystonia in which the extraocular muscles contract repetitively, leading to excessive blinking and forced eyelid closure. Case:  A 60-year-old male patient, k/c/o type 2 DM- (since 25 years under insulin administration), a diagnosed case of blepharospasm for 4 years presented to our OPD, Dpt. Of Salakyatantra, GAVC TPRA for ayurvedic management. Intervention: The patient underwent ayurvedic management consisting of oral medicine dhanadanayanadi Kashaya, shodhana kriyas including vamana and thakradhara and locally given netra seka, netra pichu and netra tharnpana. Result: Assessment showed improved involuntary eyelid movements and reduced facial muscular spasms on lids. Conclusion: Results indicate that ayurvedic management is safe and effective in reducing blepharospasm symptoms by improving the patient's quality of life.
Literary review on Dhoopana Karma quoted in various ayurvedic classics for the management of pain and inflammation
Authors: Kalkurak Sphatika , Kumar Arhant , Mahalakshmi M S Mahalakshmi , Vidyalakshmi Vidyalakshmi
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Dhoopana Karma (fumigation therapy) is mentioned in various scriptures of Ayurveda as Rakshoghna Karma (protective action) to prevent and cure diseases. It is less practiced for pain management in Ayurveda, whereas it is widely practiced in the Chinese Medicine System. Dhoopana Karma can be used effectively when there is involvement of Kapha Dosha along with Vata Dosha, where Kleda (discharge) is more. But in Ayurvedic classics, we get very few references regarding Dhoopana Karma as Chikitsa for Shoola (pain). Sukshma Srotogamitva (subtle channel penetration) of Dhoopana Dravya (fumigating substance) is due to Akasha, Vayu, and Agni Mahabhoota. Hence, they possess properties like Kledaghna (reduces discharge), Shoolaghna (pain-alleviating), Vranaropaka (wound-healing), and Shothahara (anti-inflammatory), etc. Dhoopana Karma also improves blood circulation, which helps to reduce pain and inflammation. In this article, an attempt is made to understand the anti-inflammatory action of Dhoopana Karma mentioned in various Ayurvedic treatises.
Key words:  Dhoopana, Shoolahara, Shothahara, Pain and inflammation.
Importance of Super-Specialty Courses in Ayurveda for Addressing Contemporary Healthcare Challenges
Authors: Kulkarni Reena , Patil Vasant
Published: September 2024

The focus of Ayurvedic education policy has traditionally centered on mainstreaming basic knowledge and promoting community practices. Efforts to reintroduce specialty courses and revitalize familial practices through Gurukula training have been undertaken, showcasing the clinical applications and practices of Ayurveda. However, the presence of super specialty clinics specializing in areas such as eye treatment, arthritis, urology, pediatric care, and maternity care remains sparse and largely unrecognized by the mainstream population. These clinics, though limited in number, face challenges in disseminating their principles of practice to the wider medical community due to a lack of standardized practices, skills, documentation, and scientific publications. With the rising prevalence of non-communicable diseases, malignancies, environmental and occupational hazards, and the growing geriatric population, there is an urgent need to modernize and advance the principles of Ayurveda. Therefore, the introduction of super-specialty courses in Ayurveda is imperative to provide comprehensive knowledge and expertise in specific areas of Ayurvedic medicine. These courses will cater to the increasing demand for highly skilled professionals capable of addressing complex health issues using Ayurvedic principles. Therefore, prioritizing super-specialty education is imperative. It necessitates a deliberate, thorough, and rational approach, taking into account the advancements in technology, when designing the curriculum and course structure.
Anatomical perspective of basti marma and its clinical significance
Authors: Sidar Dr. Rajnarayan Singh
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT:
Ayurveda  is a system of medicine, which gives the way of perfect living with nature. The one and only purpose of Ayurveda is maintaining the health of healthy person while treating the diseased individual by maintaining the state of health(mentally, physically and spiritually). In Ayurveda, concept of marma is of utmost important concept of applied or surgical anatomy. Marma is defined as the anatomical area where the five principal anatomical structure mamsa, sira, snayu, asthi and sandhi are present , they are critical point in body  with different organs, structure and nerves lies underneath. Unique concept of trimarma is explained by Acharya Charak. He was the first to give this great science in its mortal form. The trimarma adhyaya is the special attribute to the marma chikitsa which represents the emergency  aspect of ayurvedic treatment. Basti marma is the basic authoritative organ representing the urinary system of the body. Basti marma is sadyapranhara and thus it is the centre of vata dosha and so physiologically it play vital responsibility in maintaining the health. Injury of basti marma causes immediate death, due to severe injury. Since the basti is seats of vata and vata is responsible for majority of diseases. So, it is very important to keep basti healthy to keep vata dosha in healthy condition.
Study of Role of Aahar in Vyadhikshamatava w.s.r. to “Aaharadev Abhivriddhih Balam Aarogyam”
Authors: Kanyal Kavita , Pandey Vijay Shankar
Published: September 2024

Introduction- During the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, when there was neither a vaccine available nor any proven remedy to protect against the virus, individuals eagerly sought out foods that could be incorporated into their diets to strengthen their immune systems and, consequently, combat the infectious disease. Ayurvedic literature addresses a wide range of topics related to Aahar or food, including the variety of natural sources, their characteristics linked to seasons and locations, and their particular roles in both physiological and pathological conditions. Dhatus, Dosha, and Mala of the body are being constantly decayed by the respective fires every day. In order to compensate this loss an adequate supply of Aahar is required. Aahar nourishes the body, gives quick strength, maintains the body, and increases Ayu(lifespan), Teja, Utsaah(enthusiasm), memory, Oja, and Agni. Consuming all the six Rasas in the Aahar and by following the Aaharvidhi Vidhan auspicious results are drawn. The concept of Aahar Satmya also plays a role in understanding our tolerance towards diseases i.e., Vyadhikshamatava. Aim & Objective- Study of the relation of Aahar and Vyadhikshamatava. Method- In light of the instructions given by the CCIM/Government of India for preventing COVID panic, this study was started in 2021 as a Dissertation. Result- Aahar and Vyadhikshamatava are closely linked to each other.
Conclusion- Aahar in accordance with the principles of Swabhavopram and Kshanabhangurvaad, as well as modern medical science plays a crucial role in the continuous process of wear and tear in the body contributing to both damage and regeneration.
Phytochemical and chromatographical evaluation of Madanphala (Randia dumetorum Lamk.) from different Desha based on Akashadi Panchamahabhoota
Authors: Dundi Manjunath , Shree Madhushree
Published: September 2024

Aims & Objective:- Evaluation of phytochemical and chromatographical constitution of Madanaphala, collected from different desha based on Akashadi mahabhoota. Madanaphala is the best vamana dravya. As per classics the best place to collect these vamana dravya is the land which is predominant of the Agni, Vayu and Akash mahabhoota. In this study we are going to evaluate the phytochemical and chromatographical qualities of the Madanaphala collected from Jangala desha (Kappatagudda) which is the ideal collection area mentioned by Acharya’s for vamana karma and the Madanaphala collected from the Anupa desha(Jamboti).
Methodology:- 2 samples of Madanaphala, collected from the two different desha’s, one sample collected from Kappatagudda region and the other sample collected from Jamboti region. The collected fruits are dried, cleaned, powdered and were analyzed for phytochemical and chromatographical evaluation.
Conclusion:- The phytochemical analysis of Madanaphala collected from two different region Kappatagudda and Jamboti didn’t show any changes. TLC of both the samples showed the presence of phytochemicals at different Rf values but the sample collected from Kappatagudda has more number of Rf values which indicate presence of more number of phytochemicals than in Madanaphala collected from Jamboti. The standard Rf value of Oleanolic acid is 0.57. In the HTPLC result the nearest Rf value observed was 0.51 which is found in the Madanaphala collected from Kappatagudda, but no nearest Rf value was observed in Madanaphala collected from Jamboti.
So we can justify the reference which is explained by our Acharya Sushruta in the context of Bhumipravibhagiyamadhyaya that vamana dravya should be collected from desha predominant of Akash, Vayu and Agni mahabhoota. As our study also showed that Madanaphala collected from Kappatagudda region which is predominant of Agni, Vayu and Akash mahabhoota predominenet is of superior quality than the Madanaphala collectd from Jamboti region having Parthiva and Aap mahabhoota.
Ayurvedic management of PCOS: A case study
Authors: Wagh Sheetal , Deshmukh Jayashri S
Published: September 2024

Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome is a relatively common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age group. It is found in around 70% of women who have ovulation difficulties leading to infertility. Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common metabolic and reproductive disorders among women of reproductive age. Women suffering from PCOS present with a collection of symptoms associated with menstrual dysfunction and androgen excess. PCOS women may be at increased risk of multiple morbidities, including obesity, insulin resistance, type II diabetes mellitus, chronic anovulation, hyperandrogenism, psychological disorders, and infertility. A case 24-year-old female suffering from PCOS reported was treated successfully at Ayurveda Hospital within 3 months by various Ayurveda medicine and panchakarma procedures. The improvement is evident from the regularity of the menstrual cycle and also from the ultrasonography (USG) reports.
Anti-Oxidant and Anti-Cancerous properties of Phanera Vahli against PC-3- In Vitro
Authors: Sharma Lalit Mohan , Sharma Neetu
Published: September 2024

Background: Prostate cancer is the fastest-growing cancer in men, leading to mortality. Many medicinal practices are recommended for various cancers. Ayurveda and homeopathy are also contributing a lot. Plants with antioxidant properties are now being harvested by different solvents to withdraw different chemical compounds to cure prostate cancer. Objective: The purpose of the current study was to examine the anti-cancer and antioxidant properties of aqueous extract of Phanera vahli (PV) flowers against PC-3 cancer cell lines. Materials and Methods: The total phenolic content of the extract was determined by using a folin-ciocalteu reagent. The DPPH, ABTS, and H2O2 assay were used to measure the free radical scavenging activity of the PV flower extract. The MTT assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxic efficacy of the aqueous extract of the plant flowers against PC-3 at various concentrations. Results: Based on the result, the total phenolic content was present in the aqueous extract of PV flowers.  Conclusion: According to the current study, PV flower extract significantly possesses antioxidant and anti-cancer properties against prostate cancer cell lines. This effect may be used in the future to the extract's ability for scavenging free radicals.
Palmoplantar keratoderma -An Ayurveda Approach
Authors: Jain Prashanth , Bhat Ramyashree , Markande Geetha B.
Published: September 2024

Skin diseases are a major health problem affecting a high proportion of the population in India. Palmoplantar Keratoderma is one of the common disorders of Keratinisation, it is Characterised by a diffuse or focal thickening of the stratum corneum of the palms and soles . All the skin diseases in Ayurveda are broadly classified under the umbrella of kushta .Vipadika is one among the kshudra kushta, characterised by Sphutana and teevra vedana in pani - pada . In the present case -report a patient c/o cracked and dry lessions over both the palms and feet associated with severe itching since 10 months , was treated with oral medicines and external applications respectively. After complete treatment for 3 months there was complete remission in the symptoms and there is no recurrence till date. From the current case report , it can be inferred that Palmoplantar Keratoderma can be treated with the appropriate Ayurveda medications.
Effective management of Meniere’s disease through Ayurveda- A case report
Authors: Kumbar Ashwini , Kumbar Suraj
Published: September 2024

Meneirs disease is inner ear disease characterized by episodic vertigo, fluctuating hearing loss and tinnitus. The pathophysiology of the disease is obscure but theories postulated and stated that, due to decreased absorption or increased secretion of endolymphatic fluid in membranous labyrinth of the inner ear leads to pressure increase thus manifests the disease. There is no promising cure to this disease in conventional science only with life style adjustments, low salt diet, diuretics and surgery are used to manage the condition. The present case study patient with meniers disease was successfully managed with ayurveda treatment. A 55yrs old male patient complained of giddiness, reduced hearing and tinnitus since 9months which was hampering his daily activities was treated with panchakarma procedures and internal medicines. The exact meniers disease is not mentioned in samhitas but on the basis of symptoms and dosha predominance it is considered as vata-pitta pradhana tridoshaja vyadhi. As per dosha predominance it is treated with virechana (Purgation), Pratimarsha nasya (nasal medication) and internal medicines with Dhanadhanyadi kashaya, Cap ksheerabala and cap palsineuron, Tab Kamaduga rasa was administered. On functional scale level the stage 5 was reduced to 1 which shows good improvement. Meniers disease may satisfactory be managed with Ayurveda treatment.
Navigating Doshapaka and Dhatupaka in Health and Disease Across Traditional and Modern Perspectives.
Authors: Shah Chinmayi , Pandya Umang J
Published: September 2024

In Ayurvedic classics, Rogapariksha i.e.,Pancha-Nidana which  has  encompasses  five  aspects  of clinical diagnosis viz.,Hetu (etiological considerations), Poorva-rupa (prodromal   symptoms), Rupa (clinical features), Samprapti (patho-physiological  processes), and Upashaya-anupashaya (therapeutic  diagnostics). Review:  Doshapaka is a stage which is favorable for the treatment of diseases. This is because ama is separated from the doshas in this condition. The doshas get digested, the vitiation of doshas get settled down. The doshas which have got dissociated from ama either tend to become normal or start moving towards visceral organs.  Dhatupaka is a pathological and unfavorable condition of body, it is a condition in which tissues are severely destructed in quick time. This leads to manifestation of many diseases and loss of immunity and strength. Conclusion: The knowledge of Doshapaka helps a physician in  preventing  errors  while  treating  the Doshic conditions,  administering     cleansing. Knowledge of tissue destruction and suppuration would help physician to diagnose this condition as early as possible, support tissues with tissue forming and balancing intervetions and also to save life of patient.
Role of agni in Panchakarma
Authors: Myageri Ningamma
Published: September 2024

Agni refers to fire. Fire is one among pancha mahabhuta. Nature shows the existence of living beings. Human beings are among the different species of nature. That’s why it has been said as Prakruti Purusha samya in ayurveda. According to the Ayurveda, components of Sharira are Dosha, Dhatu, and mala. Sharira is also called as purusha. Combination of panchamahabhuta, chetana and manas is purusha. Panchakarma has become most popular now a days as detoxification procedure. It is not only restricted to detoxification but also helps in preventing and maintaining a healthy body. Main purpose of panchakarma is elimination of toxins from each cell of the body. If procedure carried in normal agni it helps in reaching the potency of dravya to each cell and can achieve the target without any complications. Jathara agni is one among 13 types of agni which is very  important and can be said as the main agni which maintains other agni in our body. If disturbed leads to impaired functions of metabolic process and hampers other systemic circulations which can be correlated to srotodusti in Ayurveda.
Transición de una comunidad moderna hacia una smart community fase II
Authors:   Universidad Gerardo Barrios, Espinoza Gisela
Published: September 2024

En los últimos años, las ciudades han jugado un papel fundamental en el desarrollo socioeconómico de cualquier región. Se han convertido en ejes clave del crecimiento económico, de la innovación, del progreso social, de la cultura, del conocimiento y de la diversidad. Y fruto de ello y de la calidad de los servicios básicos, como el de salud, se han transformado en polos de atracción de población (Tecno & Catalunya, 2012). Uno de los grandes retos que prácticamente todos los países van a enfrentar en este siglo es la planificación, administración y gobernanza de las ciudades de forma sostenible, maximizando las oportunidades económicas y minimizando los daños medioambientales. Es necesario utilizar mejor los recursos públicos y explotar los activos naturales de forma consciente y responsable (BID, 2016a). Para administrar y mejorar las ciudades, se opta por un proceso de transición hacia un modelo inteligente en el cual se pueda gestionar de forma eficiente los recursos, proyectos, procesos de comunicación y participación; pero para que ese cambio sea posible es importante definir una guía que establezca de manera general el camino hacia ese cambio.
Transferencia de conocimientos y desarrollo de capacidades a vendedores, emprendedores y organizaciones de sociedad civil del centro histórico de San Miguel
Authors:   Universidad Gerardo Barrios, Gavidia Guerrero María Fernanda
Published: September 2024

Este documento forma parte de los productos establecidos en el marco de la iniciativa denominada “Desarrollo de Herramientas Tecnológicas de Información y Comunicaciones para Apoyar el Proceso de Revitalización del Centro Histórico de San Miguel”, la cual se ejecuta desde la Universidad Gerardo Barrios (UGB) gracias al apoyo del Pueblo de los Estados Unidos de América, a través de la Agencia de los Estados Unidos para el Desarrollo Internacional (USAID). En este contexto, se han ejecutado las actividades relativas al objetivo 3 de la iniciativa, el cual se enuncia como: transferencia de conocimientos y desarrollo de capacidades a la municipalidad, emprendedores y organizaciones de sociedad civil del Centro Histórico de San Miguel sobre inteligencia de negocios, diversificación económica y gestión del sector informal. Las actividades se han ejecutado a través de la Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Proyección Social de la UGB, las cuales consisten a grandes rasgos en el desarrollo de talleres de transferencia de conocimientos dirigidos especialmente hacia Vendedores en la Vía Pública (VVP), emprendedores y empresarios localizados en el Centro Histórico de San Miguel (CHSM). Para el desarrollo de los talleres, se ha contemplado el diseño de las agendas temáticas en función de un estudio diagnóstico de necesidades los cuales se procesaron mediante grupos focales dirigidos a la población de interés, se desarrollaron también los diseños metodológicos e instruccionales a través de especialistas en las áreas temáticas definidas, se construyeron mecanismos de evaluación siguiendo el modelo pedagógico UGB y se realizó producción de los materiales didácticos requeridos incluyendo montaje de entornos virtuales para el aprendizaje.
GIẢI PHÁP NÂNG CAO CÔNG TÁC XÚC TIẾN ĐẦU TƯ VÀO TỈNH THANH HÓA ĐẾN NĂM 2025, TẦM NHÌN ĐẾN NĂM 2030
Authors: Lường Đức Danh , Lê Huy Chính
Published: September 2024

Để thu hút các dự án FDI đầu tư, chính quyền địa phương phải chủ động tiến hành các hoạt động xúc tiến với các nhà đầu tư nước ngoài. Thông qua hoạt động xúc tiến, các địa phương sẽ cung cấp cho các nhà đầu tư nước ngoài những thông tin về lợi thế, chính sách ưu đãi… của địa phương. Dựa trên cơ sở này, các nhà đầu tư nước ngoài sẽ ra quyết định đầu tư. Chính vì vậy, hình thức, công cụ và phương thức xúc tiến đầu tư là nhân tố quan trọng trong hoạt động thu hút các dự án FDI. Nghiên cứu phân tích công tác xúc tiến đầu tư của tỉnh Thanh Hóa giai đoạn 2018 - 2022, chỉ ra những kết quả đạt được cũng như những hạn chế và nguyên nhân. Trên cơ sở đó, chúng tôi đề xuất một số giải pháp nâng cao công tác xúc tiến đầu tư vào tỉnh Thanh Hóa đến năm 2025, tầm nhìn đến năm 2030.
CÁC NHÂN TỐ ẢNH HƯỞNG ĐẾN HÀNH VI MUA BÁNH KẸO NỘI ĐỊA CỦA NGƯỜI DÂN VIỆT NAM
Authors: Phan Thanh Nam , Ngô Chí Thành
Published: September 2024

Thị trường bánh kẹo ở Việt Nam đang bị các doanh nghiệp bánh kẹo nước ngoài lấn át. Nghiên cứu này đề xuất và xác minh mô hình các yếu tố ảnh hưởng hành vi của người tiêu dùng đối với bánh kẹo nội địa của Việt Nam và sự sẵn sàng ủng hộ của người tiêu dùng. Nghiên cứu thực hiện khảo sát 493 người dân Việt Nam, kết quả cho thấy có 5 nhân tố ảnh hưởng đến hành vi mua bánh kẹo nội địa, bao gồm: uy tín thương hiệu, chất lượng cảm nhận, giá cả, xúc tiến và chuẩn mực chủ quan; trong khi đó phân phối được tìm thấy không có mối quan hệ với hành vi mua hàng của người dân. Từ kết quả phân tích hồi quy, chúng tôi đề xuất các giải pháp nhằm thúc đẩy hành vi mua bánh kẹo của các thương hiệu Việt Nam, từ đó nâng cao khả năng cạnh tranh của doanh nghiệp.
NGHIÊN CỨU CÁC NHÂN TỐ ẢNH HƯỞNG ĐẾN SỰ THÀNH CÔNG CỦA DOANH NHÂN NỮ TRÊN ĐỊA BÀN THÀNH PHỐ THANH HOÁ
Authors: Đào Thu Trà
Published: September 2024

Nghiên cứu này nhằm xác định các nhân tố tác động đến sự thành công của các nữ doanh nhân tại thành phố Thanh Hoá thông qua năm biến số: vốn tài chính, vốn nhân lực, vốn xã hội, sự đổi mới và cân bằng giữa công việc và cuộc sống. Để đáp ứng mục tiêu của nghiên cứu này, tác giả đã tiến hành khảo sát 400 doanh nhân nữ trên địa bàn và thu được 369 phản hồi đảm bảo yêu cầu để đưa vào phân tích. Lý thuyết quan điểm dựa trên nguồn lực và lý thuyết xung đột được sử dụng làm nền tảng xác định các nhân tố chính tác động đến sự thành công của doanh nhân nữ. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy cả năm biến độc lập được đưa vào mô hình nghiên cứu đều có mối liên hệ tích cực đến sự thành công của nữ doanh nhân. Từ kết quả nghiên cứu, tác giả đề xuất các hàm ý quản trị thúc đẩy sự thành công của phụ nữ trong kinh doanh.
The Impact of Zodiac Signs on Sales Performance and Turnover Rates: A Case Study of Kinlong Hardware in China
Authors: Bai Tian
Published: September 2024

As a senior executive at a Chinese company included in the MSCI Index, the author considered the personality mix of marketing personnel when recruiting, aiming to balance performance and stability. In practice, I found that the performance of marketing personnel is closely related to their zodiac signs, although biases from senior management, particularly in HR, had to be carefully mitigated to ensure objective results. Salespeople with fire signs and other extroverted signs often perform better but are also more impulsive, easily influenced by external environments, and more likely to leave. We collected sales personnel data from the company’s Oracle database from 2014 to 2023, with a valid sample size of 9,291 people, using the logit model and OLS model to explore the performance and stability of employees with different zodiac signs. Results show that, holding other factors constant, extroverted signs have a 2.37% higher probability of turnover and an 8.00% higher average performance than introverted signs. This data, while novel, is framed within the limitations of using zodiac signs as a proxy for personality traits, a subject where more established scientific literature is lacking. We recommend that companies configure their sales teams with 60% extroverted personnel to drive innovation and 40% introverted personnel to ensure team stability.
Bagaimana Supervisi Kepala Sekolah, Efikasi Diri dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Guru ?
Authors: Himadrazzaq Asal
Published: September 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah Untuk mengetahui pengaruh Supervisi Kepala Sekolah,  Efikasi Diri dan Motivasi Kerja secara parsial dan simultan terhadap Kinerja Guru di SMP Kecamatan Citta Kabupaten Soppeng. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada SMP Kecamatan Citta Kabupaten Soppeng. pun sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 34 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang diukur dengan skala likert. Instrumen kuesioner diuji dengan pengujian validitas dan reliabilitas. Sedangkan, metode analisis yang digunakan adalah model regresi linier berganda untuk melakukan uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan supervisi kepala sekolah, efikasi diri, dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja guru di SMP Kecamatan Citta Kabupaten Soppeng baik secara parsial maupun simultan. Artinya, ketika Supervisi Kepala Sekolah, Efikasi Diri, dan Motivasi Kerja guru semakin baik, maka Kinerja Guru di SMP Kecamatan Citta Kabupaten Soppeng juga akan semakin baik, namun sebaliknya ketika Supervisi Kepala Sekolah, Efikasi Diri, dan Motivasi Kerja kurang baik, maka Kinerja Guru di SMP Kecamatan Citta Kabupaten Soppeng juga akan semakin kurang baik
Profesionalisme Guru terhadap Peningkatan Mutu Pendidikan di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Swasta (SMKS)
Authors: Mukhtar Mukhtar
Published: September 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah Untuk menganalisis pengaruh manajemen berbasis sekolah dan profesionalisme guru terhadap peningkatan mutu pendidikan di SMKS Karya Teknik Kabupaten Soppeng. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMK Swasta (SMKS) Karya Teknik Kabupaten Soppeng dengan sampel sebanyak 31 orang guru. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuisioner, dokumentasi, dan observasi. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Manajemen berbasis sekolah dan profesionalisme guru secara parisal maupun simultan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap peningkatan mutu pendidikan di SMKS Karya Teknik Kabupaten Soppeng. Artinya, baik buruknya manajemen berbasis sekolah dan profesionalisme guru akan menyebabkan perubahan yang searah kepada tingkat mutu pendidikan di SMKS Karya Teknik Kabupaten Soppeng.
Da Lógica à Natureza: a posição de Hegel não-romântica e pós-kantiana da Naturphilosophie
Authors: Pinkard Terry , Nakamura Emmanuel
Published: September 2024

This is to lay out the issues involved in an appropriately post-Kantian interpretation of Hegel’s Naturphilosophie, which I translate not as “philosophy of nature” but as “natural philosophy”. Pure thought as Kant argued is empty, but he thought that he could supply pure content to it by the combination of pure intuitions and the unity of self-consciousness. His successors, especially Fichte, did not think that resolved matters, and Hegel tried to make good on what he saw as the failures of Fichte’s attempt to do Kantian philosophy without pure intuitions. Hegel however also saw that one could not begin with self-consciousness per se or with Fichte’s “I.” Instead, Hegel proposed a Logic that would give an internally self-enclosed system of pure thoughts as what was needed to make sense of making sense. Famously, he concluded the system with some not entirely clear ideas about its needing a move to a Naturphilosophie that was not a move in terms of a “transition.” Pure thought thus developed a concept of that which would be external to pure thought itself (like Fichte’s “Not-I”) but still something intrinsically linked to pure thought. This is the very concept of “externality to pure thought itself,” which first appears as space and time. The development of the simple thought of “external to pure thought” leads to a non-empiricist account of nature. Empiricists study regularities of nature in the Humean sense, but these regularities, although existent, are not fully “actual” in that they are not what is doing the work of explanation. What explains the regularities themselves are the various pure objects of the Naturphilosophie: The mechanical, the physical, the chemical and the biological fields of nature, each of which manifests a power [Potenz] that explains why the empirically found regularities in nature actually hold. The basic objects of a true Naturphilosophie present a unified field of investigation that is defined by the field’s powers and which in turn calls out for an empirical investigation of how these powers actually operate in the vast continuum of nature. Each of these distinct fields moreover has its own distinct form of causality, culminating in the causality of freedom in the human realm. It is then suggested that the reason for the transition from Logic to Nature is that pure thought on its own is powerless and finds itself filled with only the shadows of the world as a whole. This has implications for how we think of Hegel’s system as a whole.
Investigation of injuries occurring within competitive waterskiing in the UK
Authors: Loughlin Sarah L.
Published: September 2024

To date, most waterskiing research has been on recreational waterskiers from the USA. Our aim was to determine if the tournament waterskiing population in the UK had the same injury patterns as these previously studied populations. We hypothesised that the number of injuries, body parts injured and type of injury would vary by gender, event and competitive level. An online questionnaire was distributed to all British Water Ski Federation (BWSF) tournament licence holders. There were 90 participants: 24 female and 66 male (mean age 37 ± 15). Chi- squared and Fishers Exact Test was used to analyse the data. Forty-five skiers reported 71 injuries. The most common body part injured was back/trunk (38.8%); the most common type of injury was strain/sprain (64.6%). There was no association between gender and incidence of injury, however males had significantly more strains and sprains than females. Skiers in the lower competitive levels reported significantly more falls than the higher-level skiers. Slalom skiers reported the most injuries (76.8%), with 23.2% of injures in jump and none in trick. A high percentage of strains and sprains highlight the need for more specific physical conditioning. Longitudinal studies are needed to make causal links between injury factors.
Meningkatkan Pengetahuan Ibu Hamil tentang Pentingnya Deteksi Dini melalui Penyuluhan Kehamilan
Authors: Yusnida Hera , Listiyorini Dewi
Published: September 2024

Deteksi dini komplikasi kehamilan sangatlah penting untuk memastikan kesehatan ibu dan bayi. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang pentingnya deteksi dini melalui penyuluhan kehamilan. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang pentingnya deteksi dini setelah mengikuti penyuluhan.
Konsep Dasar Dan Implementasi Dalam Pendidikan (Etika, Nilai, Karakter Dan Akhlak)
Authors: Sofiah Lailia Farhatus , Birohmatin Salimna , Lestari Tri
Published: September 2024

Pada dewasa ini, terdapat banyak sekali pendidikan terkait moralitas, seperti pendidikan etika, pendidikan karakter, pendidikan akhlak dan pendidikan nilai. Istilah etika, karakter, nilai dan akhlak memiliki makna dan konsep dasar yang berbeda. Namun keempat istilah tersebut saling berkaitan. Karena pada dasarnya pendidikan-pendidikan tersebut bertujuan untuk membentuk kepribadian pada diri seseorang sesuai dengan norma Pancasila, norma masyarakat dan norma agama. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pustaka (library research). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji konsep dasar dari etika, nilai, karakter dan akhlak, serta bagaimana implementasi keempat istilah tersebut dalam dunia pendidikan.
Publisher's Note: Introducing Rock Mechanics Letters
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: September 2024

Publisher's Note: Introducing Rock Mechanics Letters
Investigation of local mechanical behavior during the shear process of rough rock joints using DEM
Authors: Huan Jiuyang , Zhuo Yaoyao , Zhao Yuhao , Wan Zhiwen , Yu Weijia , Ge Chen , Huan Weitao , Lan Xinyu
Published: September 2024

Rough joints are prevalent in natural rock masses, and their shear mechanical properties are crucial for ensuring the safety and stability of these masses. Existing studies often neglect the contribution of various joint asperities to shear stress resistance. This study addresses this gap by eluci-dating the local shear mechanisms of different asperities in rough joints throughout the shear process. This was achieved through a combination of quantitative and qualitative analyses using the Discrete Element Method (DEM). Initially, Barton's ten standard roughness joint profiles were dig-itized, and rough joints were modeled using the Modified Smooth Joint Model (MSJM). Direct shear tests on joint specimens under constant nor-mal stress were performed using servo-controlled methods. Subsequently, the shear stress behavior was analyzed in relation to the test results. The failure modes of the joint specimens were examined in detail using crack tracking and force chain analysis. The study also explored the relation-ship between the number of cracks and shear stress. Additionally, variations in average stress across ten different segments of joints during shear were monitored using the measuring circle function. The shear resistance contributions of local joint segments were quantitatively assessed using three stress indices: maximum stress, upper limit of maximum stress, and the distribution range of maximum stress. The Joint Roughness Coeffi-cient (JRC) of joints was found to correlate well with these indices. Overall, the progressive failure of local joint segments was analyzed both qual-itatively and quantitatively. The study confirmed that the local shear mechanisms of different joint segments during the shear process are distinct.
Les enchevêtrements de l’anglais au Groenland contemporain
Authors: Jacobsen Ushma Chauhan
Published: September 2024

La présence internationale du Groenland est étroitement liée à son statut émergent de nation arctique autonome et à la reconfiguration des identités postcoloniales de son peuple. Dans cet article, j’explore les positions et les pratiques de l’anglais au Groenland et leurs relations avec deux conditions d’ambivalence : L’ambivalence de l’anglais, à la fois impérialiste et habilitant, et l’ambivalence qui structure les relations postcoloniales entre les Kalaallit et les Danois. J’examine comment l’exploration des arguments, des désirs et des contestations de l’anglais, recueillis à travers divers fragments empiriques, exige de prêter attention aux enchevêtrements d’aspirations multidirectionnelles, de communautés diverses, de nouvelles technologies et de géographies modifiées. Les liens avec l’anglais apparaissent dans les pratiques quotidiennes de communication des habitants du Groenland et dans les demandes des organisations et des industries. Ces liens sont tout aussi formidables que ceux qui découlent de la rhétorique et des politiques. Je propose que l’importance de l’anglais soit en cours d’élaboration et je conclus en soulignant trois domaines de recherche collaborative pour suivre ce développement pour les Kalaallisut, pour les relations entre les Kalaallit et les Danois et pour produire de nouvelles formes d’égalité et d’inégalité.