bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Dilemma for Sterba
Authors: Russell Bruce
Published: August 2022

James Sterba argues that a good God is not logically possible. He argues that what he calls the Pauline Principle, which says that we should never do evil that good may come of it, implies that a good God would prevent horrendous evil consequences of immoral actions. However, there are plenty of examples of such actions in our world. So, a good God does not exist. I offer an example from Derek Parfit, and one of my own, that calls the Pauline Principle into question. Sterba believes that what he calls Moral Evil Prevention Requirements (MEPRs) follow from the Pauline Principle, and that they are necessary truths which imply that a good God would prevent horrendous evil consequences of immoral actions. Whether these (MEPRs) follow from the Pauline Principle or do not, they may be necessary truths that could form the basis of Sterba’s argument. However, I argue that they are not necessary truths. If modified to become such, Sterba faces a challenge from the Skeptical Theists that can only be met by turning his argument into an evidential version of the problem of evil. I compare Sterba’s argument with my version of the evidential argument from evil that says that if God exists, there is not excessive, unnecessary suffering and whose second premise says there is. I argue that it is easier to establish that there is excessive, unnecessary suffering than to establish Sterba’s second premise (once his principles are modified). That second premise will say that there are no goods that logically require God to allow immoral actions that have horrendous evil consequences. Sterba faces a dilemma: either he has an unsound logical argument or a weak evidential argument for the non-existence of God. In either case, he does not have a good logical argument for atheism.
Religious Persecution in Sub-Saharan Africa: Jihadism and ICC Prosecution
Authors: Quirós-Fons Antonio
Published: August 2022

The most intense violations of religious freedom have been recently perpetrated in Asia, by governments, and in Africa, by jihadist terrorists linked to intercommunal violence, especially in the Sub-Saharan region. This work focuses on African countries where states have failed to manage the threats to the most fundamental human rights, posed by terrorist groups on religious terms. It analyzes whether and how those atrocities perpetrated by both al-Qaeda and the Islamic State, and their associates, can be prosecuted by the International Criminal Court. For this purpose, the Al Mahdi case constitutes an exceptional precedent regarding jurisdiction, accountability, and judgement.
Compression of Text in Selected Languages—Efficiency, Volume, and Time Comparison
Authors: Stecuła Beniamin , Stecuła Kinga , Kapczyński Adrian
Published: August 2022

The goal of the research was to study the possibility of using the planned language Esperanto for text compression, and to compare the results of the text compression in Esperanto with the compression in natural languages, represented by Polish and English. The authors performed text compression in the created program in Python using four compression algorithms: zlib, lzma, bz2, and zl4 in four versions of the text: in Polish, English, Esperanto, and Esperanto in x notation (without characters outside ASCII encoding). After creating the compression program, and compressing the proper texts, authors conducted an analysis on the comparison of compression time and the volume of the text before and after compression. The results of the study confirmed the hypothesis, based on which the planned language, Esperanto, gives better text compression results than the natural languages represented by Polish and English. The confirmation by scientific methods that Esperanto is more optimal for text compression is the scientific added value of the paper.
Split Ring Resonator Network and Diffused Sensing Element Embedded in a Concrete Beam for Structural Health Monitoring
Authors: Pittella Erika , Schiavoni Raissa , Monti Giuseppina , Masciullo Antonio , Scarpetta Marco , Cataldo Andrea , Piuzzi Emanuele
Published: August 2022

The aim of this work is to propose two different and integrated sensors for the structural health monitoring of concrete beams. In particular, a diffused sensing element and a split ring resonator network are presented. The first sensor is able to detect the variations in the dielectric properties of the concrete along the whole beam length, for a diffuse monitoring both during the important concrete curing phase and also for the entire life cycle of the concrete beams. The resonators instead work punctually, in their surroundings, allowing an accurate evaluation of the permittivity both during the drying phase and after. This allows the continuous monitoring of any presence of water both inside the concrete beam and at points that can be critical, in the case of beams in dams, bridges or in any case subject to a strong presence of water which could lead to deterioration, or worse, cause serious accidents. Moreover, the punctual sensors are able to detect the presence of cracks in the structure and to localize them.
Research on Straightness Perception Compensation Model of FBG Scraper Conveyor Based on Rotation Error Angle
Authors: Song Yang , Fang Xinqiu , Wu Gang , Chen Ningning , Liang Minfu , Xu Ziyue , Zhang Fan
Published: August 2022

The accurate perception of straightness of a scraper conveyor is important for the construction of intelligent working faces in coal mines. In this paper, we propose a precision compensation model based on rotation error angle to improve the accuracy of the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) curvature sensor of a scraper conveyor. The correctness of the model is verified by theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and experiments. Finally, the feasibility of the model is analyzed and discussed for field application in a coal mine. When the rotation error angle is within the range of 0~90°, according to the strain of FBG obtained by numerical simulation, the radius of the curvature is inversely calculated by the compensation model. The relative error of each discrete point is within ±0.9%, and the relative error after fitting is less than 0.2%. The experiment shows that the relative error of the curvature radius after fitting according to the theoretical formula is less than ±3%, and the relative error of the curvature radius value obtained by the inverse deduction of each discrete point is less than ±6%, which verifies the correctness and applicability of the compensation model. In addition, the compensation model with the FBG curvature sensor has broad application prospects in coal mine underground conveyors, submarine pipelines and ground pipelines.
The current state of the fisheries industry of the Russian Federation (review)
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, Russia, Novosibirsk, Pishchenko E.V.
Published: August 2022

The main results of the activity of the fisheries industry of the Russian Federation in 2021 and 2022 are considered. The volumes of extraction, production of aquaculture products, mariculture, processing, etc. are shown. It is emphasized that the increase in the volume of commercial aquaculture production is due to the increasing demand and the related interest of entrepreneurs in carrying out activities in the field of commercial aquaculture. In the prospects up to 2030, a targeted increase in the production of industry products is expected. Further increase in the volume of catch from natural reservoirs. Much attention is also paid to the production of marine and freshwater aquaculture products. Currently, there is an equalization of the production volumes of fish caught and grown in aquaculture products in the global fish production, therefore, further increase in the production volumes of the industry in our country is impossible without the development of this segment. It is necessary to increase the attractiveness of the industry for employees, increase the number of students, and stimulate professional development with modern personnel. The review is based on data from free sources.
Macrozoobenthos of large lakes of the Omsk region
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, Russia, Novosibirsk, Balatskaya T.A. ,   Novosibirsk branch of the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Russia, Novosibirsk, Vizer L.S. ,   Novosibirsk branch of the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Russia, Novosibirsk, Balatsky P.S. ,   Novosibirsk branch of the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Russia, Novosibirsk, Pishchenko E.V. ,   Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, Russia, Novosibirsk
Published: August 2022

The results of hydrobiological studies during the growing season of 2020 are presented. Qualitative and quantitative indicators of macrozoobenthos as a food resource of lakes Ik and Saltaim-Tenis are studied. In the lake Ik 7 taxa of macrozoobenthos exclusively of the class insects (Insecta) were registered. In the zoobenthos of lake Saltaim-Tenis 9 taxa of three classes were noted: insects, oligochaetes (Oligochаeta), and roundworms (Nematoda). In a comparative analysis of the species similarity of the zoobenthos of the lake Ik from the lake Saltaim-Tenis, the Jaccard coefficient was 0,8, which indicates the complete correspondence of the species compositions of these lakes. Common to the lakes were species characteristic of mesoand eutrophic water bodies Ch. gr. plumosus, C. defectus, E. carbonaria, G.glaucus, P. choreus, P. ferrugineus, C. salinarius. The average seasonal number of zoobenthos of the lake Ik reached 747±47 ind./m2, Saltaim-Tenis was 67±4,6 ind./m2, which is 11 times less than in lake Ik. Biomass of zoobenthos of the lake Ik was characterized by high rates throughout the season and averaged 25,9±4,21 g/m2, Saltaim-Tenis averaged 2,62±0,2 g/m2, which is 9,8 times less than in lake Ik. The maximum abundance and biomass of zoobenthos in lake Ik, observed in spring. On the lake Saltaim-Tenis, the highest abundance was recorded in autumn, biomass — in summer. The minimum values of zoobenthos abundance on both lakes were noted in summer, biomass — in autumn. The ecological state of the lakes has been established. Trophic status of the lake Ik estimated from the summer biomass of zoobenthos corresponds to the β-eutrophic type, high productivity class, very high-feeding water body. The lake Saltaim-Tenis, according to the summer indicators of zoobenthos biomass, belongs to the medium-feeding water body. According to the trophic status, it belongs to the α-mesotrophic type of the moderate productivity class.
Estructura organizacional y su relación con la productividad científica
Authors: Jerónimo-Jiménez Deisy María , López-Rodríguez William Baldemar , Martínez-Jiménez Rosa María
Published: August 2022

Introducción: Las Instituciones de Educación Superior son consideradas como organizaciones que generan conocimiento a través de las investigaciones que realiza su personal académico. Los mecanismos organizacionales, como la estructura organizacional regulan las actividades de los empleados, la cual en la teoría del aprendizaje organizacional se le denomina Estructura Organizacional. Entre las interrogantes ¿qué se requiere para atraer y retener a los profesores investigadores? ¿qué se necesita para incrementar su productividad? 

Objetivo: demostrar sí existe relación entre algunas de las variables de la estructura organizacional con la productividad científica de los profesores investigadores.

Material y método: trabajo realizado en una universidad del sureste mexicano, teniendo como población objetivo a los profesores universitarios que hacen investigación, para lo cual se aplicó un instrumento de 53 ítems en escala de Likert, en 5 puntos, encuestando a 304 profesores, el método empleado fue cuantitativo, no experimental, se utilizó la herramienta estadística de regresión lineal.

Resultados: Se encontró que la variable independiente Especialización de la Estructura Organizacional explica en un 46% a la variable dependiente Productividad Científica, y al tener un ANOVA sig. menor a .05, queda demostrada una relación lineal. Aunque la variable Departamentalización tiene una relación lineal con Productividad Científica, varían en sentido negativo -20.9 %

Conclusiones: Las variables Jerarquía, Centralización y Formalización tienen valores de sig mayores a .05, por lo que se determinó de que existe evidencia estadística de una relación lineal con la variable dependiente.
59 Tuboovaryan Abse Olgusunun Klı̇nı̇k Yönetı̇mı̇
Authors: BAYRAM Feyza , ASLAN Mehmet Musa
Published: August 2022

Amaç: Retrospektif olarak, tubo-ovaryan abse (TOA) olgularının insidansını, risk faktörlerini, klinik ve laboratuvar sonuçlarını, komplikasyonlarını ve yönetim stratejilerini değerlendirmek.

Yöntem: Ocak 2016- Ocak 2021 yılları arasında, klinik ve sonografik olarak TOA tanısı ile kliniğimize yatışı yapılan 59 hastanın dosyası retrospektif olarak incelendi. Hastaların demografik verileri ve sonografik bulguları raporlandı. Hastaların klinik ve laboratuar sonuçları, uygulanan operasyon yöntemleri ve gelişen komplikasyonlar kaydedildi.

Bulgular: Hastaların ortalama yaşı 36.53 ∓ 9.26 idi. En sık pelvik ağrı (100%), vajinal akıntı (42,4%), ateş yüksekliği (35,6%) ve adet düzensizliği (30,5%) şikayetiyle başvuruldu. Ortalama abse boyutu 6.81 ∓ 2.08 [3-12] cm idi. Hastalar operasyon olanlar ve olmayanlar olarak iki gruba ayrıldı. Yirmi sekiz (47,5%) hastada sadece medikal tedavi yeterli olurken, 31 (52,5%) hastaya cerrahi tedavi uygulandı. Hastaların gravide, parite, BMI, evlilik süresi, PIH (pelvik inflamuar hastalık) öyküsü, geçirilmiş operasyon öyküsü ve ek sistemik hastalık açısından istatistiksel fark görülmedi. Rahim içi araç (RİA) varlığı ve kullanım süresi, TOA boyutu cerrahi yapılan grupta anlamlı olarak daha fazla bulundu. Sadece medikal tedavi uygulanan hastaların abse boyutları, operasyon gereken hastalara göre istatistiksel anlamlı olarak daha düşük saptandı (4.22 ∓ 1.94cm, 8.15 ∓ 2.28cm; p
Investigation of Factors Associated with Countries’ Covid-19 Disease Fatality Rates
Authors: YILDIRIM ÖZTÜRK Elif Nur , ÖZTÜRK Mustafa , UYAR Mehmet
Published: August 2022

Objective: In this study, it was aimed to investigate the factors associated with the Covid-19 disease fatality rate of countries.

Methods: The research is of ecological type. In the study, the relationship between Covid-19 disease fatality rates and variables like socioeconomic state, healthy life expectancy at birth, population ages 65 and above, cardiovascular disease frequency, tobacco use frequency, vaccination rates, Human Development Index, Gender Inequality Index and Global Gender Gap Index were investigated. Mean, standard deviation, median, minimum and maximum values were used to summarize data. Pearson/Spearman correlation coefficient was used to investigate the relationships and a linear regression model was established. P
Survey of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Investigating Reasons for Vaccine Refusal Among Healthcare Professionals
Authors: DİNDAR DEMİRAY Emine Kübra , ALKAN Sevil , ÖNTÜRK AKYÜZ Hatice
Published: August 2022

Objective: Although there are many vaccine developments, vaccine side-effect studies globally, limited literature information on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy/refusal. In our study, we aimed to investigate the factors for COVID-19 vaccine refusal of healthcare professionals (HCPs).

Methods: An online questionnaire was administered to HCPs employed who were not vaccinated with the COVID-19 vaccine during the study period at two pandemic hospitals.

Results: A total of 74 who were not vaccinated with COVID-19 vaccine HCPs participated in the survey. A large majority of respondents were female (n=49,66.2%) and nurses (n=35,47.3%), and the average age of HCPs was 32.2 ± 7.8. 55.4 % of HCPs were not vaccinated against COVID-19, and 44.6 % of HCPs were one dose COVID-19 vaccinated. 50% of HCPs were confused about the COVID-19 vaccine. 63.5% of HCPs were not vaccinated as they were waiting for a different form of the current vaccine. 58.1% of HCPs believe that the vaccine doesn't effective as vaccinated people became infected.

Conclusion: Measures should be taken to increase the COVID-19 immunization rates of HCPs. The level of knowledge of HCPs about COVID-19 vaccines should be increased. If possible, the opportunity to be vaccinated with different forms of COVID-19 vaccines should be given.
Kronik Hepatit Hastalarında Karaciğer Biyopsisi: Tek Merkez Deneyimimiz
Authors: KAVAK Şeyhmus , KAYA Şafak , ŞENOL Ayhan
Published: August 2022

Amaç: Kronik hepatit B hastalarında fibrozisin belirlenmesinde kullanılan karaciğer biyopsisi invaziv bir işlem olması nedeniyle beraberinde komplikasyonları da olabilmektedir. Biz bu çalışmada kör ve USG eşliğinde yapılan karaciğer biyopsilerini değerlendirmeyi, komplikasyonları karşılaştırmayı planladık.

Yöntem: Bu çalışma hastanemizde karaciğer biyopsisi yapılan toplam 436 kronik hepatit B hastasının verisini içeren bir çalışmadır.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan hastaların 150 (%34.4)’si kadın, yaş ortalaması 33.3±13.1 /yıl idi. Hastaların 174 (%39.9)’ünde komplikasyon gelişmişti. Bunların 110 (%51.9)’u kör biyopsi yapılan hastalarda,64 (%28.6)’ü ise USG eşliğinde biyopsi yapılan hastalarda gelişmişti ve aradaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlıydı (p
Avaliação do efeito e dosagens do Trichoderma endophyticum no crescimento e produtividade da cultura da soja (Glycine max)
Authors: Santos Rodnei dos , Grzegozewski Denise Maria , Azeredo Adriano Renato de , Azeredo Rafaela Porciuncula de , Azeredo Caren Alessandra Frizzo de
Published: August 2022

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência agronômica de diferentes doses do produto Endophytus (Trichoderma endophyticum 1 x 109 UFC g-1) na promoção do crescimento e no desenvolvimento da cultura da soja (Glycine max), e do possível efeito patogênico dos tratamentos à cultura utilizando-se a cultivar 58I60 RSF IPRO – BMX LANÇA IPRO. Para tal fim, foram instalados quatro estudos nas cidades de Ponta Grossa – PR, Paranapanema – SP, Bandeirantes – PR e Paranavaí – PR, na Safra 2020/2021. Os tratamentos aplicados foram: 1: Testemunha; 2: Co-Mo Platinum na dose de 150 mL 50 kg sementes-1; 3: ICB Nutrisolo Trichoderma na dose de 100 mL ha-1; 4: Inoculante Endophytus na dose de 50 g 50 kg sementes-1; 5: Inoculante Endophytus na dose de 100 g 50 kg sementes-1; 6: Inoculante Endophytus na dose de 150 g 50 kg sementes-1 e 7: Inoculante Endophytus na dose de 200 g 50 kg sementes-1, sendo aplicados via tratamento de sementes. Os resultados obtidos nas quatro localidades edafoclimáticas, evidenciaram que o inoculante Endophytus (Trichoderma endophyticum 1 x 109 UFC g-1) aplicado via semente, impactou positivamente na promoção do crescimento das plantas de soja e não causou quaisquer sintomas de fitotoxidade. A dose de 200 g 50 kg sementes-1 apresentou resultado mais constante na maior parte das variáveis analisadas, nos quatro locais, com ganhos nos parâmetros analisados em função da aplicação do inoculante Endophytus, proporcionando incrementos de até 13,63% em relação à testemunha na produtividade. Diante do resultado apresentado, recomenda-se o uso do inoculante Endophytus (Trichoderma endophyticum 1 x 109 UFC g-1) como promotor de crescimento vegetal na cultura da soja e incremento de produtividade, na dose de 200 g 50 kg sementes-1.
Postmodern Politics Found in Tamil Modern Poetry
Authors: S Martin Raja , M Rajasekaran
Published: August 2022

One of the two notable elements of modernist politics that emerged in the West was fundamentalism, and the other was identity politics. Postmodern politics encompasses the inadequacies of modernist politics and alternative political ideas. The three elements of unleashing politics, the politics of remnants, and the politics of difference give rise to a fundamental understanding of postmodern politics. It is also necessary to divide it according to the Tamil context into differential feminist politics, Dalit feminist politics, Dalit politics, rainbow coalition or fusion politics, marginal politics, and Periyarist politics. Based on this, the postmodern politics found in the poems of modern Tamil poets such as Salma, Sukirtharani, Sivakami, Thirumagan, M.T. Muthukumarasamy, and T. Kaverinadan have been explained through this article.
An Archaeological landscape of Sharif Abad (Solgi) settlement area in the Gamasi-Ab River Basin in Central Zagros
Authors: NOURALLAHI Ali
Published: August 2022

Solgi or Sharif Abad tepe (A&B) is one of the larger settlement sites of the Gamasi-Ab river basin in Nahavand plain. This site lies at the intersection of old ancient roads that go from Sahne, Harsin and Kangavar to Nihavand and the other eastern regions. In the study of this area, pottery from the Early Bronze Age (Godin IV-Yanik, Kura-Araxes), pottery related to Godin III, II and pottery of the historical period were obtained. The examination of these pottery artefacts reveals extensive cultural exchanges of the inhabitants of the region with the northwestern and neighboring areas in the Bronze and Iron Ages. In addition, a closer examination of the lifestyle in this settlement area gives us a complete view of these people’s use of biological resources and their interaction with the environment. Among the reasons for the location and development of this settlement in the Bronze and Iron Age the main one was easy access to water resources and fertile agricultural lands. This article provides a brief overview of the geographical situation of the region and the history of archaeological research conducted in Nihavand and then focuses on the natural landscape of Sharif Abad. The next part of it describes the archaeological data from this location and analyzes its chronology. The article is concluded by a succinct summary.
COVID-19 bei jugendlichen AthletenInnen: Diagnose und Return to Sports
Authors: Kriemler Susi , Siaplaouras Jannos , Förster Holger , Joisten Christine
Published: August 2022

Dieser Artikel entspricht einer Stellungnahme der Gesellschaft für Kindersportmedizin (GPS), die von den Autoren im gegenseitigen Einverständnis in der Zeitschrift SEMS sowie in der Paediatrica veröffentlicht werden. Kinder und Jugendliche sollen sportlich aktiv sein, und zwar so viel und oft wie möglich. Dies gilt auch gerade während der COVID-19-Pandemie, in der es zu massiven Einschränkungen im Lebensalltag von Kindern und Jugendlichen kam. Das Befolgen von Hygiene- und Distanzregeln, impfen und Fernbleiben vom Sport bei SARS-CoV-2 typischen Symptomen kann das Entstehen von Infektionsherden und die Übertragung von SARS-CoV-2 minimieren.
Diabetes und Sport
Authors: Tonella Paolo
Published: August 2022

«Mens sana in corpore sano»: Dieser Satz hat für Kinder und Jugendliche Typ 1 Diabetiker eine noch wichtigere Bedeutung als es in der Allgemeinbevölkerung gilt. Körperliche Aktivität erhöht die Insulinsensitivität, und vermindert somit den Insulinbedarf, mit einem potentiell senkenden Effekt auf den Blutzuckerverlauf.
Assessment und Management von unteren Rückenschmerzen bei Athleten im Wachstumsalter aus sportmedizinischer Sicht
Authors: Renggli Markus
Published: August 2022

Rückenschmerzen, insbesondere im unteren Rückenbereich, sind ein häufiger Grund für eine Konsultation in der sportmedizinischen Sprechstunde. Betroffen sind vor allem AthletInnen im Alter zwischen 9 und 14 Jahren. Dabei sind in erster Linie Leistungssportlerlnnen aus ästhetischen Sportarten wie Geräteturnen, Kunstturnen und Eiskunstlauf vertreten und in zweiter Linie MannschaftssportlerInnen mit hohen Anforderungen an die Rumpfstabilität wie beim Fussball, Handball, Eishockey- und Unihockey sowie Volleyball und Basketball. Während bei Ersteren die hohen Belastungen vom mehrfachen des Körpergewichts bei Flexion und Hyperextension auf die knöchernen und knorpligen Strukturen der Wirbelsäule einwirken, so sind es bei der zweiten Gruppe mehrheitlich muskuläre Überlastungssymptome aufgrund von Dysbalancen oder Verkürzungen, die Beschwerden verursachen. Während des pubertären Wachstumsschubes sind die deck- und bodenplattennahen Wirbelkörper-Wachstumszonen unter hormonellen Einflüssen mechanisch besonders fragil.
Alimentation pour enfants et adolescents sportifs
Authors: Reber Simone
Published: August 2022

C’est dans la nature des enfants de bouger. Lorsque le mouvement est orienté sur la performance, on appelle cela du sport. Comme pour l’adulte, l’alimentation devrait alors être adaptée aux besoins en énergie et nutriments accrus par le sport. Pourtant les enfants et adolescents ne sont pas simplement de petits adultes et ont, selon leur âge, des besoins spécifiques.
Oxidative stability of cottonseed oil enriched with Cameroonian plant leaves extracts
Authors: Teboukeu Boungo Gires , Parfene Georgiana Horincar , Constantin Oana Emilia , Kemtsop Michel Peguy , Womeni Hilaire Macaire , Râpeanu Gabriela
Published: August 2022

This work aimed to assess the oxidative stability of cottonseed oil enriched with natural antioxidants from Cameroonian plant leaves extracts. Total polyphenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity via DPPH radical scavenging assay were assessed in ethanolic extracts. These extracts were added to cottonseed oil at concentrations of 200, 500, 1250, and 2000 ppm. The cottonseeds’ oil oxidative stability was evaluated by determining their induction/stability times on Rancimat (120±1.6°C) and by measuring their oxidative state in Schaal oven during 30 days (samples were removed after 10 days) of storage at 60°C. The outcomes showed that Canarium schweinfurthii, Trichoscypha acuminate, Dacryodes edulis, and Psidium guajava leaves extracts are rich in polyphenols (18.56 to 42.70 mg/g) and flavonoids (2.14 to 5.36 mg/g). The ethanolic extracts, above 1250 ppm, were also efficient like synthetic antioxidants in inhibiting the oxidation of cottonseeds oil at high temperatures. The evaluation of oxidation parameters of enriched cottonseeds oil showed that different extracts at 2000 ppm can limit the appearance of both primary and secondary oxidation products in oils.
Optimization of phenolic compounds extraction from Bellis perennis flowers and assessment for antioxidant properties
Authors: Bouallag Ouardia , Zeghichi-Hamri Sabrina , Bachir-Bey Mostapha , Brahmi-Chendouh Nabila , Bouallag Nadia , Takka Melissa , Madani Khodir , Boulekabache Lila
Published: August 2022

Bellis perennis is an interesting daisy not for its ornamental usage but also for its bioactive compounds, particularly phenolics, and related biological effects that explain traditional application for many disorders. The objective of this study was the optimization of phenolic compounds extraction from B. perennis flower with microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) using response surface methodology (RSM) and assessing optimal extract for bioactive contents and in vitro biological properties. The optimization of phenolic extraction was performed by studying four parameters (solvent concentration, time, microwave power, and solvent to solid ratio). Furthermore, the optimal extract was analyzed for flavonoid content, antioxidant capacity, anti-inflammatory activity, and FTIR analysis. Data fitting to the secondary polynomial model revealed that optimal conditions allowing the best phenolic extraction regarding solvent concentration, time, microwave power, and solvent to solid ratio were 56%, 83s, 200 W, and 68 mL/g, respectively. The phenolic yield obtained using this optimal combination was 135.67 mg GAE/g dw. The obtained optimal extract demonstrated an interesting flavonoids content (27.68 mg EQ/g dw) and expressed a good antioxidant activity measured with DPPH free radical scavenging activity (46.4mg GAE/g dw), ABTS free radical scavenging activity (59.6mg TE/g dw), reducing power (288.0mg GAE/g dw), iron chelating activity (32.7mg EDTAE/g dw), and anti-inflammatory activity (7.9mg IbuE/g dw). FTIR analysis revealed the presence of characteristic functional groups of phenolic compounds in the studied extract. This investigation allowed the development of a validated mathematic model for phenolic compounds extraction from B. perennis flower using MAE and optimal extract expressed good bioactive contents with the best antioxidant properties.
LOCAL BORROWING AS A TOOL FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES
Authors: BENOVSKA Liliya
Published: August 2022

Introduction. At the present stage of development of Ukraine’s economy there is a problem of low level of capital expenditures of local budgets. Local borrowing can be an alternative source of financial resources for local budgets. The issue of increasing local borrowing must be considered not only in the context of their effective use, but also the increase of local debt.

The purpose of the article is to research and generalizate the theoretical foundations of local borrowing as a tool for the development of territorial communities.

Methods. In the study of the theoretical foundations of local borrowing, such general scientific methods as analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, abstraction, generalization were used.

Results. The article clarifies the economic content of local borrowing and the peculiarities of their implementation in Ukraine, identified shortcomings in the legislation. A study of the forms of local borrowing and their advantages and disadvantages. The classification of local borrowings was carried out, which allowed to deepen their essence.

Conclusions. Imperfect legal regulation of local borrowing reduces their role in ensuring investment development of communities. The implementation of local borrowing requires a balanced debt policy.
Enhancing Digitally-Mediated Human-Centred Design With Digitally-Mediated Community Based Participatory Research Approaches for the Development of a Digital Access-to-Justice Platform for Military Veterans and Their Families
Authors: Olusanya Olaoluwa , Collier William G.A. , Marshall Simon , Knapp Victoria , Baldwin Alex
Published: August 2022

Before the COVID-19 crisis, in-person engagement was the main method of ensuring community participation in participatory research processes. However, the pandemic accelerated the switch to digitally-mediated participatory research methods (DMPRMs). This article presents a case study of a digitally-mediated, human-centered design (DMHCD) process enhanced by digitally-mediated community-based participatory research approaches (DMCBPR) as part of our efforts to develop a digital access-to-justice platform for military veterans and their families. We reflect on our experience of enhancing DMHCD with DMCBPR approaches and include insights about how to facilitate the transition from in-person HCD+CBPR to DMHCD-DMCBPR. We also discuss the dual challenges of combining two different approaches while shifting to a virtual/online participatory research framework. Finally, the present study aims to achieve the following objectives: first, to add to a small—but growing—body of research around digitally-mediated participatory research methods; and second, to add to the emerging literature on HCD+CBPR integration approaches to design interventions for underserved populations.
‘Applied Social Prescribing Practice: A Focused Arts Based Participatory Action Research Study of Military Veteran Transition Into Civilian Life’
Authors: Yitka Graham , Plouviez Arabella , Clelland Alison , Fox Ann , Fowler Ger , Sargent John , Hayes Catherine
Published: August 2022

Experiences of transition into civilian life after active service differs widely for military personnel. For those who experience issues in this process of transition, life can often be characterized by perceptions of loneliness, social isolation, poor mental well-being, and a functional dependency on alcohol, alongside other negative behaviors, for coping with post-traumatic stress disorder.

This research employed action research methodology and the implementation of participatory action research methods. Both facilitated a systematic and pragmatic process of revealing new understandings about how social prescribing could act as a driver of transformation for veterans and their families (51 participants engaged across 18 individual workshops). This iterative exploratory process enabled a guided understanding of complex individual and collectively-shared experiences of veterans transitioning from military back to civilian lives. The facilitated collective arts experiences for veterans and their families were undertaken by specialist artists to foster a sense of active citizenship.

The study revealed that participants transitioning from military to civilian life reported an increased sense of well-being because of engaging in collective creative practice. Participants attributed this to the opportunity of learning new skills, gaining a sense of creative expression, and engaging in reflection on their military heritage and contribution to service alongside peers. Knowledge gained from this research enables consideration of how principles of participatory action research may have potential transferability to other similar contexts which serve to support veterans in their transition from military to civilian life.
CHANGES IN THE TREATMENT PLANS OF GLAUCOMA PATIENTS IN A REAL-WORLD SITUATION
Authors: Sadiq Muhammad , Mahsood Yousaf Jamal , Ahmad Waqar , Khan Mir Azam , Akhtar Farah
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE: To determine the changes in glaucoma prescriptions during a single visit in real-world situation at Al-Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. METHODS: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at Glaucoma Department of Al-Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan from September 1st, 2015 to February 29th, 2016 after the ethical approval. Of total 876 consecutive participants, 868 were included in the study. Complete ocular examination was carried out for each subject including intraocular pressure (IOP) by Goldmann, visual field and nerve fiber analysis if it was scheduled. Ocular and systemic co-morbidities as well as ocular surgeries were also noted. Number of topical medications including anti-glaucoma and other drugs were recorded before and after their visit. The changes in anti-glaucoma medications were then categorized as unchanged, changed, added or deleted. The results were analyzed via SPSS version-24. RESULTS: A total 1600 eyes of 868 patients were included in this study. Out of 868 patients, 507 (58.41%) were males and 291 (33.52%) were in 61-70 years age group. Majority of patients (n=680/868: 78.34%) had open-angle glaucoma. Out of 1600 eyes studied, 574 (35.87%) had moderate and 556 (34.75%) had severe stage of glaucomatous optic neuropathy. During single visit, glaucoma-related prescriptions were unchanged, changed, added and deleted in 618/868 (71.20%), 84/868 (9.68%), 95/868 (10.94%) & 71/868 (8.18%) patients respectively. In our study, 911/1600 (56.94%) eyes achieved target IOP ≤14 mmHg. CONCLUSION: In real-world situation, most of our glaucoma patients were stable and required no changes to their prescriptions in single visit.
CUT-OFF VALUES OF PROSTATE SPECIFIC ANTIGEN DENSITY– AN EFFECTIVE SCREENING MARKER BEFORE PROSTATE BIOPSY
Authors: Haroon Zujaja Hina , Bashir Qamar , Haroon Azka , Khalid Usama Bin
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE: To determine cut-off values for prostate specific antigen density (PSAD) in diagnosing prostate carcinoma in symptomatic patients. METHODS: This cross sectional, observational study conducted at Department of Chemical Pathology and Endocrinology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan from June 2020 to May 2021. Symptomatic patients (309) having prostatic enlargement on ultrasound were selected through consecutive sampling. All the patients underwent prostate biopsy for histopathological diagnosis. Prostate specific antigen density was calculated and compared between different age groups and different diseases. ROC curve was constructed and area under the curve was calculated to find out cut-off values value for PSAD. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were calculated at the cut-off values. RESULTS: Among 309 patients of median age was 68 years (IQR 43 – 75). There was a significant difference of PSAD in different age groups (p<0.001) and diseases like prostate carcinoma, benign prostatic hyperplasia and other prostatic disorders. PSAD had AUC of 0.878 at cut-off value of 0.135 ng/ml where sensitivity was 100%. A higher cut-off 0.20 ng/ml was suggested in younger age group as compared to the old age group where cut-off was found 0.135. CONCLUSION: Using PSAD as part of evaluation profile for prostate lesion, number of unnecessary biopsies can be significantly decreased. PSAD cut-off to aid in decision of invasive prostate biopsy is suggested to be 0.135 ng/ml with close biochemical follow up afterwards.
GLUTARIC ACIDEMIA TYPE 1: A CASE REPORT FROM PAKISTAN
Authors: Noor Noshaba , Waseem Hira
Published: August 2022

INTRODUCTION: Glutaric aciduria type 1 is a neurometabolic disorder occurring due to deficient activity of glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase. Multiple neurotoxic metabolites start accumulating in plasma, CSF and urine which are detected by mass spectrometry. Early new-born screening plays an important role in early diagnosis whereas typical radiographic features and metabolic workup supports the diagnosis. Treatment guidelines have been constructed to prevent acute encephalopathic crisis and remove neurotoxic metabolites from plasma to prevent brain damage, the goal of treatment. CASE PRESENTATION:  An eight month old male patient presented with fever, seizures and altered level of consciousness. He was macrocephalic with examination findings suggestive of upper motor neuron lesion. The typical radiologic features suggestive of glutaric aciduria type 1 were noticed in neuroimaging. Workup for inborn error of metabolism confirmed the same. Early treatment was started keeping a metabolic disease consultant on board. The patient was safely discharged from hospital after stabilization and is well till date. CONCLUSION: This case is being reported to emphasize the importance of early diagnosis, timely management and adherence to proper treatment in paediatric patients presenting with metabolic crisis. This can help prevent irreversible damage in patients especially in the ones diagnosed as glutaric aciduria type 1.
Effect of curvature on the activation energy of monomethylation of carbon belts: a DFT study
Authors: Kawabata Hiroshi , Tachikawa Hiroto
Published: August 2022

Alkylation of the cylindrical part of single-walled carbon nanotubes can improve solubility and oriented aggregation. In this study, the activation energy of the monomethylation of carbon belt surfaces was investigated using density functional theory to clarify the effect of curvature on nucleophilic radical addition. The activation energy decreases with increasing curvature, and at κ = 0.290 Å−1, it is approximately half (7.1 kcal·mol−1) of that of the monomethylation of flat graphene flakes. The curvature significantly affects the repulsive energy between the CH3 and carbon belt portions, as well as local deformation around the bonding site.
Enhancement Drip Dose Infusion Accuracy Based on Optocoupler and Microcontroller Sensor
Authors: Yudistira Marsya Puvindra  , Arief Marwanto  , Eka Nuryanto Budisusila  , Abdullayev Vugar
Published: August 2022

Setting the speed of infusion drops in a manual manner is by adjusting the clamp on the infusion set, where the nurse must count the number of infusion drops in the chamber at the same time as looking at the time on the watch. This makes the setting is subjective and cannot be shown with numbers. In addition, nurses cannot monitor the infusion rate continuously. Therefore, it is necessary to enhancement the accuracy of giving infusion drops so that they can be objective and can be shown with numbers and monitor continuously. This enhancement in accuracy is done by making a instrument with an optocoupler to detect infusion drops. For processing uses an arduino microcontroller to be the speed and the volume of infusion and detects changes in the rate of infusion drops significantly. And for the display uses a OLED display and a buzzer as an indicator. The results of this instrument, it can be seen that the optocoupler can detect infusion drops in the infusion set properly. This good sensor reading has implications for accurate readings of the infusion drop rate and infusion drop volume. This enhancement in accuracy is not only for the macro drip (20 drops/cc) but also for the micro drip (60 drops/cc). The accuracy of volume readings ranges from 95-99% for the macro drip and 94.5-97% with the micro drip. And for speed accuracy ranges from 92.37-98.46%. Based from the results of this test, enhancement the accuracy of the infusion drip dose administration can be done by making a patient infusion drip dose calculator. This equipment uses an optocoupler sensor, arduino microcontroller, OLED display and buzzer. With the use of this instrument, nurses can be more accurate in regulating the rate of infusion drops given to patients and can monitor it continuously if there is a significant change in infusion rate.
Social Policies Contributing to Improving the Quality of Life of Vietnam's Working Class Today
Authors: Vu Thanh Phuc Thi
Published: August 2022

Improving the material, cultural and spiritual life of the working class is one of the main contents affirmed by the Party and State in the guidelines, guidelines, and policies for economic - society development. It is also very important content that social policies need to ensure and influence to contribute to creating motivation and strength of employees. This article deals with the main impact of social policies to improve the living standards of the Vietnamese working class and improve the quality of human resources of the working class.
The Nature of Speaking in the Classroom: An Overview
Authors: Guebba Boutaina
Published: August 2022

Abstract: This article is a short review of a vital asset in language acquisition process. It addresses speaking as a language skill which is used to be disregarded for many years with traditional instructional approaches to language acquisition or learning. This article probes into the main two types of speaking which are speaking in terms of use and speaking in terms of usage. It also addresses the significance of speaking activities in improving learners’ language proficiency. To achieve this aim, the present paper is divided into seventh subsections. The first subsection provides an operational definition to speaking. The second subsection tackles two major types of speaking, namely speaking in terms of use and speaking in terms of usage. The third deals with the significance of adopting speaking activities in the classroom. The fourth probes into the various roles teachers play during speaking activities in the classroom. The fifth reviews the main components of communicative competence as cited by Canale and Swain (1980). The sixth explores the different conversational strategies speakers and students can resort to while speaking. The last subsection looks into the major speaking performances employed by teachers in their classrooms namely imitative, responsive, transactional and interpersonal, to name but few. The paper concludes with a sketchy sum up of what has been reviewed and addressed in this paper.
The Relationship between New Learning Organization on Human Capital Readiness of Smes in Industry 4.0
Authors: Saadah Lailatul , Hendarman Achmad Fajar
Published: August 2022

Learning organization is one of the strategic plans that support the development of an organization. Based on organizational literacy known that learning organizations are aimed at developing human resources as the main driver in creating and developing an organization. Learning organization in the Era of Industry 4.0 forces a rapid change in organizational models and has no exception. Implementing diversity within organizations and change-resistant is a global challenge that critically required us to increase the readiness for change. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between new learning organizations and human capital readiness to continue to develop as a phenomenon at the individual level in SMEs in facing the era of industrial revolution 4.0. The population of this research is all SMEs in Indonesia. By using the probability sampling technique, namely simple random sampling, the minimum number of samples is 45 SMEs. The statistical method using multiple linear regression. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between new learning organizations (holistic people experience and agile, digitally enable infrastructure) on human capital readiness in Industry 4.0. The significance value ≤ 0.05. This means that the learning organizations especially the better holistic people experience and agile, digitally enable infrastructure, the higher the human capital readiness in a SMEs in the Era of Industry 4.0.
The Role of Strategic Leadership in Managing Conflict and Resistance to Change at APIPSU Medan Private High School
Authors: Nasution Inom , Suwandi Suwandi , Akhir Muhammad , Nasution Asrul , Nasution Abdul Salam
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study is to explain the effect of conflict management strategies on teamwork performance. Conflict can happen to anyone and anywhere regardless of status, income and position. Someone who is not able to manage conflict will boomerang on his own performance and ultimately affect the company's performance. Thus, a conflict management strategy is needed as an effort to create good performance for individual employee performance and team performance. The results of the study prove that the hypothesis which states that conflict management strategies have a positive and significant effect on teamwork performance is accepted. This explains that conflict management strategies can contribute to teamwork performance through the ability of employees to accommodate ideas from co-workers, the ability to avoid differences of opinion by maintaining feelings and maintaining communication relationships, and collaborating on work methods. Suggestions for this research should be to improve conflict management strategies such as competing strategies at work by providing opportunities for other colleagues to use their expertise in making decisions and finding solutions to work completion.
Margin Analysis and Marketing Efficiency of Bali Cattle Post Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ayu Gemuh Rasa Astiti Ni Made
Published: August 2022

This research is a literature study on margins and marketing efficiency. This study aims to analyze the margins and marketing efficiency of Bali cattle post covid-19 pandemic. The research method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method. The type of data used in this study is qualitative data, which is categorized into two types, namely primary data and secondary data. Sources of data are obtained through library research techniques (library study) which refers to sources available both online and offline such as scientific journals, books, and news sourced from trusted sources. The results of the study concluded that based on the marketing margin, farmer's share, and the efficiency of the marketing channel pattern that had been carried out, it was concluded that the Bali cattle marketing system was efficient. This can happen because it is influenced by several factors, namely the general condition of Bali cattle business actors.