bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Croatia - a Revived Geographic fact on the Adriatic
Authors: Magaš Damir
Published: July 2017

In the paper the author discusses some new facts about the Republic of Croatia, which appeared again as an independent state on the international scene after more than eight hundred years. It caused some new relations on the Adriatic Sea as well as in the Mediterranean zone. Occupying a great deal of long East Adriatic Sea coast with plenty of virgin but strategically important islands, Croatia, after the war events (1991-1995), can develop relevant economic activity. Tourism, shipbuilding, mariculture, fishery and shipping, enable Croatia to incorporate more and more into well developed countries of West European and Mediterranean. Some sea border defining problems, should obviously be solved by the strict application of international sea law orders as soon as possible.
Nature Park "Telašćica" on Dugi otok (Croatia) - some aspects of environmental planning
Authors: Magaš Damir
Published: July 2017

The Nature Park "Telašćica" covers the southern part of the island Dugi Otok (Long Island), one of the bigger islands along the Croatian coast. It is only 25 km away from Zadar in southern direction, neighbouring National Park "Kornati" which extends towards south-east. The central office is in Sali, the main administrative centre of the Dugi Otok (1190 inh. 1991). N. P. "Telašćica" is proclaimed in 1988 after being divided apart from N. P. "Kornati". It covers an area of 25,95 km2 of the land (Dugi Otok and belonging islets), and 44,55 km2 of the sea, altogether 70,50 km2. Although the environmental plan had been made there, some problems of its protection and sustainable development have not been solved yet. The conflict between the idea of complete protection and that of an intensive exploitation of the territory has been existed. The Environmental Plan of N. P. "Telašćica", made in 1990 suggests a series of actions to be started in order to insure functional and comprehending protection of biological and physical nature.
Mali hrvatski otoci – radno-rezidencijalni prostor i/ili prostor odmora i rekreacije
Authors: Faričić Josip , Graovac Vera , Čuka Anica
Published: July 2017

The paper discusses modern geographic processes on Croatian small inhabited islands. For centuries, Croatian small islands have been continuously inhabited area characterized by different social and economic activities. However, in the last several decades, the islands have experienced a severe depopulation, and on the other hand, the interest for occasional use of that attractive insular space for recreational purposes increased. Consequently, the basic insular functions have changed, which, among other things, contributes to changes of insular landscape and to the changed role of small islands in regional socio-economic systems.
Višeimenost u jadranskoj nesonimiji (na primjeru Kornatskog otočja)
Authors: Skračić Vladimir
Published: July 2017

The article seeks to emphasise the need for greater cooperation between toponomasticians and cartographers, since both of these disciplines deal with marking a natural referent by way of a name or a drawing. The second important issue raised in the present article is the analysis of the toponomastic systems without a permanent linguistic centre which, through speech and linguistic practice, normally regulate the consistency of the toponomastic monovalence (one island = one name). As a centre for research of this phenomenon does not exist in the Kornati Archipelago, numerous communities in the vicinity of this group of islands practice the naming of islands po svoju (in their own way), which results in bi-namedness and tri-namendness. Modern cartography is right in ignoring this fact and offers complete monovalence. However, geographic maps through the history reveal that this has not always been so, and that this region has been characterised by considerable confusion in naming relevant islands. Among those who contributed to this confusion were the cartographers of earlier times.
Neki suvremeni sociogeografski procesi u povijesnoj jezgri grada Dubrovnika
Authors: Đukić Antonije , Jerković Senta
Published: July 2017

Historical centers of European cities are continually adapting to modern developments. This trend has also caught the historical old city of Dubrovnik. Requirements for new tourist products have influenced its transformation. Daily visits have made it possible for the old city to be "exploited" as a unique tourist resource. This process has started some negative population trends. The number of citizens in the old city fell from 5181 to 1241 during the period 1953-2006. The socio-economic structure has separated into two levels, seasonal and out of season. Today there are three times more work positions in the old city than citizens. The number of visitors of the old city is huge. In the summer months the historic city receives 30,000 to 40,000 visitors daily. From this number 87.7% are tourists. In the last few years this process has been enhanced by cruising tourism. In this way the historic old city has developed into a cultural tourist product.
Prilozi za dopunu i modifikaciju regionalizacije Republike Hrvatske
Authors: Pavić Radovan
Published: July 2017

1. The contribution considers the possibility and need for the standard regional structure of the Republic of Croatia divided into Pannonian, central (mountainous) and maritime part, to be supplemented and modifiedin the way that the central part i.e. Mountainous Croatia is defined in the dual way: The Gorski Kotar region as specially mountainous, and Lika as a special mountain depression (or mountain-encircled valley) space, thus making the undivided Mountainous Croatia.2. Instead of the expression regional division of Croatia the better expression is regional structure, because the concept of division has in itself political and geopolitical burdens. Countries normally consist of particular regions, whereas the division is something else: structure is a geographical aspect, and division has in itself political/geopolitical tension. Thus Croatia consists of regions and counties, and it is not divided in that way; Switzerland in the same way is not divided into ethnic groups, but it consists of them. However, there are those who consciously or unconsciously acknowledge ''division'' of Croatia in the way that: Istria and ''Croatia'' instead of Istria and the rest of Croatia. Unlike the mentioned, Belgium is divided (the Wallons and the Flemish), Ukraine is divided (Uniates and Eastern Orthodox).3. To understand a certain space it is necessary to have knowledge in geographical and historical sense, i.e. to perceive geography in a historical manner, and vice versa, which implies that it is the matter of historical geography, and at the same time about geographized history and historized geography.4. The major part of the work is devoted to the problem of geographical and functional location. Thus the region is specially located in the central part of Croatia, but has not taken over its central function due to many geographical, historical and geopolitical reasons.5. The position of the region can be, partly, equalled with the position in the space of "Croatian threshold", which is conquered only in the 21st century. Although centrally located in Croatia – after the Croatian space between the rivers Una and Vrbas (later Turkish Croatia) had been definitely lost in the 15th c. – the region did not also take over the role of functional central position. Consequently, the constant contrast between central location and absence of central functions remains. In historical and geographical meaning, the region, as a result, had a divisional meaning also because of relief and historical and geopolitical reasons (height relief, divisional role of the Croatian Military Border). In that way essential characteristic of the Croatian development of sovereignty is observed – it started in the maritime region, in the triangle Nin – Knin – Cetina, in this way the Zagreb region became the new region of the nucleus from the 15th and the 16th c.
Urbano geografska preobrazba Zadra - Elementi prometnog sustava 1945.-1991.
Authors: Magaš Damir
Published: July 2017

In this paper, which is part of a complex study of the urban-geographical development of Zadar, the author elaborates the main components of its traffic system. Special attention has been paid to the town traffic and to the importance of Zadar traffic function for its region and for Croatia. The elements of the urban traffic system: streets, roads and town bus lines have been treated in particular. The importance of the transit and regional traffic function of Zadar has been pointed out. There are characteristic indicators of the number of travellers and cargo quantities in the ship, railway, bus and airway traffic. Consideration has been dedicated to the significance and development of the Zadar sea port as well as to necessities of an efficient future development of all traffic functions in conformity with the necessities of town, region and Croatia.
Potopljeni krš – živ ili mrtav? Primjeri s istočne obale Jadrana (Hrvatska)
Authors: Surić Maša
Published: July 2017

Numerous karst features submerged by the Late Pleistocene-Holocene transgression are found along the Eastern Adriatic (Croatian) coast. Generally, most of karstification processes cease at the base level, that is, in case of coastal karst, the sea level. However, evidence of continued karstification (corrosion) and related processes (mechanical erosion and bioerosion), as well as remarkable change in hydrogeological settings of some hydrological systems, are quite common in Croatian submarine and coastal area.
Kartografska generalizacija i prilozi njezinoj automatizaciji
Authors: Bićanić Zlatimir , Solarić Radovan
Published: July 2017

The purpose of cartographic generalization is to represent a particular situation adapted to the needs of its users, with adequate legibility of the real situation and its perceptional congruity with the representation. Interesting are those situations which to some degree vary from the real situation in nature. This is purposeful generalization where attention is directed towards particular, thematically valuable objects and their details. Difficulties in accomplishment of the cartographic generalization objectives are reflected in the basic approach. Some cartographers encourage the idea of complete prevalence of subjective approach to the process, yet accepting partial solutions that enable automated data processing of certain chart elements. Others stand for objectifying of all procedures, or schematic solving of all issues in the process, which will gradually lead up to the level where it could be termed automated. The latter is considered more acceptable by the authors of this paper, implying the necessary human intervention in the generalization, yet not to determine the course of the process, but just to act as a mediator.
Problemi suvremene socio-geografske preobrazbe otoka Oliba
Authors: Magaš Damir , Faričić Josip
Published: July 2017

The island of Olib, one of the small Croatian islands, is a rural space of striking depopulation and economic regression. Centuries-long development dynamics within the framework of the Mediterranean polycultural production has been seriously disrupted by the deagrarianism and an intensive emigration. It has considerably weakened the demographic basis, which is the main factor of the socio-economic development. In the recent half-century period the way of life has changed radically, which, among other things, manifested also in the changes of island (rural) landscape. Arable areas are fewer and fewer, social fallow dominates, and the physiognomy of the only island settlement has also significantly changed. The appearance and functions of a traditional Mediterranean island settlement have been replaced by an urbanely nuanced "spatial mechanism", where newbuilt weekend houses and renewed old village homes, primarily intended for rest and recreation, have predominant importance.
Köppenova podjela klima i hrvatsko nazivlje
Authors: Šegota Tomislav , Filipčić Anita
Published: July 2017

In this didactic article a systematic review of Köppen's climatic classification is given. The aim is to accept this most rational and quantitative classification of climates widely accepted all over the world. Like in all other languages the present Croatian terminology is confused. This is the reason why we accepted the original Köppen's terms.
Suvremeni aspekti geografske regionalizacije i upravno-teritorijalni ustroj Hrvatske
Authors: Magaš Damir
Published: July 2017

Considering some contemporary aspects of the geographical regionalization and administrative-territorial organization of Croatia, the author introduces the thematic through a retrospect of geographic thought development in the question of regionalisation. Main changes in administrative-territorial organization of Croatia from World War II to the beginning of the 21st century as well as some problems of applying geographical regionalization principles in the defining of regional units have been discussed. Finally the characteristics of the actual regionalization in Croatia have been analysed and an attempt of defining the functional regionalization of the country in the contemporary circumstances at the beginning of the 21st century has been given.
Quanto Pesa a Mulher com Obesidade? / How Much Does the Woman With Obesity Weight?
Authors: Gelsleichter Mayara Zimmermann , Zucco Luciana Patrícia
Published: July 2017

O presente artigo investiga como os estudos de gênero se apresentam na produção de conhecimento científico sobre obesidade e pobreza, a partir de um levantamento bibliográfico realizado na plataforma Scielo online. Tal estudo, de abordagem qualitativa, foi realizado ao longo de 2015. Para a organização e a interpretação dos dados, utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo na modalidade temática. Foram identificados 13 artigos, tendo como principal resultado: a predominância dos aspectos políticos referentes à alimentação; a abordagem da obesidade através de uma leitura epidemiológica; e, as atribuições e representações de gênero. Estas se apresentam no âmbito da família, do trabalho e em suas trajetórias de vida, assim como, nas relações estabelecidas com o corpo e o alimento, aspectos paradoxais no cotidiano das mulheres pobres. Concluiu-se que os estudos de gênero aparecem de forma residual no corpus sendo manifestados expressivamente em quatro revistas, nestas, assumem significância quando se identifica a relação obesidade e pobreza a partir da leitura empreendida sobre o feminino.
A Interdisciplinaridade e o Serviço Social: estudo das relações entre profissões / Interdisciplinarity and Social Work: study of relations between professions
Authors: Jorge Ediane Moura , Pontes Reinaldo Nobre
Published: July 2017

O presente artigo trata das relações profissionais entre Assistente Social, Pedagogo e Psicólogo e estuda como se dá o diálogo entre esses sujeitos profissionais, no processo de intervenção da realidade comum no Centro de Referência Especializado da Assistência Social-CREAS em Belém. Analisam-se se nesse espaço de trabalho as relações entre os profissionais alcançam ou não o nível da interdisciplinaridade. A metodologia utilizada baseia-se em pesquisa qualitativa fundamentada no método dialético-crítico. Encontram-se aproximações de práticas interdisciplinares, mostrando ser possível adotar a perspectiva de interdisciplinaridade quando se constroem condições objetivas para seu exercício.
Negação de Direitos Socioassistenciais para Transfronteiriços Indocumentados: desafios para as cidades gêmeas / The Denial of Social Assistance Rights to Undocumented Transboundary People: challenges for twin towns
Authors: Silva Vini Rabassa da , Ugoski Daiane Da Rosa , Dravanz Glória Maria Gomes
Published: July 2017

A migração internacional tem merecido destaque, na atualidade, como expressão de barbárie. Este trabalho apresenta uma das particularidades desse problema macrossocietário, problematizando a negação de direitos socioassistenciais para transfronteiriços indocumentados, oriundos de cidades gêmeas do Uruguai e da Argentina, os quais não podem acessar a proteção social prevista na Política Nacional de Assistência Social (PNAS) pela ausência de nacionalidade brasileira ou de comprovante de residência no Brasil. Questiona-se o limite geográfico como determinante para a negação do acesso a serviços e benefícios socioassistenciais e aponta-se para a importância da criação de acordos entre países limítrofes, que permitam a prestação desses serviços aos transfronteiriços indocumentados, em situação de risco e vulnerabilidade social, considerando que, na PNAS, a concepção de cidadania está atrelada ao Estado-nação.
A pesquisa e a extensão no processo de ensino-aprendizagem da Graduação e Pós-Graduação em Serviço Social / The research and extension in the teaching-learning process of the Graduation and Post-Graduation in Social Work
Authors: Prates Jane Cruz
Published: July 2017

Editorial.
A historic humanitarian collaboration in the Pacific context
Authors: Mitchell Robert Bradley , Grills Nathan John
Published: July 2017

This article reports on an historic collaboration between Australian church-based development agencies and their partners in the Pacific – the largest in scale to date. It is now incontrovertible that climate change is damaging health and wellbeing in Pacific communities – especially in terms of climate-related disasters. Churches in the Pacific have a unique role and responsibility within the civil society in the region. This article traces some of the historical factors that have contributed to their social resonance. The article looks at how a network approach can be well suited to tackling difficult social challenges, and makes the case for the involvement of the Pacific churches in building community resilience through disaster risk reduction activities. A shared faith identity and trust are identified as two vital factors that help church-based consortia to coalesce. The article concludes that a focus on orthopraxy in its broader sense by Christian faith-based actors is a helpful perspective in achieving collaboration.
Why World Vision supports healthy timing and spacing of pregnancies to improve maternal and child health: a faith-based perspective
Authors: Allison Adrienne A. , Basikoro Eloho E.
Published: July 2017

World Vision, a Christian humanitarian organization, began large family planning programs in 2007, with support from the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). As new data were published in 2008 and again in 2014, measuring the impact of the length of the preceding birth-to-conception interval on maternal, infant, and child mortality and child stunting, World Vision adopted the term “healthy timing and spacing of pregnancies” (HTSP) as its approach to family planning. This term refocused family planning efforts to emphasize the health benefits for mothers and children, and was quickly accepted by faith leaders. The data are explained, and the consequences of shorter and longer birth intervals outlined.
Reframing the Lampedusa Cross
Authors: Breene Morgan Lynn
Published: July 2017

In the fall of 2015, the British Museum acquired the Lampedusa Cross, a cross of the Latin type crafted from wood salvaged from a migrant vessel which wrecked off of the coast of Lampedusa in 2013, killing nearly two thirds of the 566 people on board. The Musuem has displayed the object since December 2015 as a testament to the ongoing Mediterranean migrant crisis and a physical manifestation of the “suffering and hope” experienced by those making the journey. Questions must be raised however, about the appropriateness of this particular object as representative of the crisis and whether it obscures, rather than promotes, the experiences of migrants and the European response to their plight.
Lessons from the Bakken Oil Patch
Authors: Caraher William , Weber Bret , Rothaus Richard
Published: July 2017

This article summarizes the recent work of the North Dakota Man Camp Project to understand the largely undocumented migrants arriving in the Bakken Oil Patch for work. It argues that efforts to document short-term labor in the Bakken exposes particular challenges facing the archaeology of the modern world ranging from the ephemerality of short-term settlements to the hyper-abundance of modern objects. The use of photography, video, interviews, and descriptions produced an abundant archive of archaeological ephemera that in some ways parallels the modern character of temporary workforce housing. The final section of this article offers some perspectives on how work in the Bakken oil patch can inform policy, our understanding of material culture in the modern world, and the role of the discipline in forming a shared narrative.
1947 Partition of India and Pakistan
Authors: Riggs Erin , Jat Zahida Rehman
Published: July 2017

The nation state, as a concept, relies on an assumption of boundedness—on the idea that governable units are culturally unified and locationally discrete. Displacement often works to make this boundedness a material reality. Demographics are reshuffled in accordance with essentialist understandings of cultural origins. Yet, displacement also exposes the impossibility of a national sovereignty based neatly on historic spatiality. Even if people are ‘going home’ to what is seen to be an ancestral homeland, they are leaving familiar landscapes shaped by their own personal pasts. In this paper, we discuss the 1947 Partition of India and Pakistan as an example. We describe the yet contended uses and meanings of built landscapes associated with out-migrating Partition refugees on both sides of the border. Through this example, we assert that displacement is not a singular moment, but a long, drawn out negotiation of access and national belonging. Thus, archaeologies of forced and undocumented migration must not begin and end in discussion of hardship-filled border crossings and momentary homelessness. We must also consider the anxiety of post-journey existence within material landscapes that evidence the recent and long-standing occupations of others.
“We Palestinian Refugees”
Authors: Butler Beverley , Al-Nammari Fatima
Published: July 2017

Our joint research addresses the complex role of heritage in selected Palestinian refugee camps in Jordan. Informed by the ‘We Refugee’ theses of Arendt (1943) and Agamben (1995) we see these ‘heritage ethnographies’ as a means to explore the paradoxes confronted by refugees as subject to both a ‘bio-political rites of passage’ that consigns them to ‘spaces of exception’ as ‘homo sacre’ and ‘bare life’ and as simultaneously obligated to the imperative of being the ‘vanguard of their people’. Our interest is in the ‘lived experiences’ of refugee communities vis-à-vis their perspectives and reflections on heritage which we argue characterise a potent ‘popular heritage rites’. We see these ‘heritage rites’ as activated heritage forms and powerful ritual acts of communion, magical thinking and wish-fulfilment that create new ‘factness’ and ‘realities’ on the ground. Thus articulated through objects (domestic-personal mementoes and souvenirs) connecting people to the Palestinian ‘lost homeland’ as cosmic centre/axis mundi, or via public art/ murals and as sensoriums synonymous with the preparation and ingestion of traditional food. We explore how not only traditional performances of dabke dancing but new media of rap and film-making form a fundamental part of this complex context. The Palestinian refugee voices cited in this paper see the ‘thobe’ - embroidered Palestinian dress - as best encompassing their understanding of heritage, similarly ‘we/us’, as heritage critics and contemporary archaeologists, should embrace a paradigm shift that re-situates heritage within a theory of subjectivity and recognise the efficacy of popular heritage rites to ‘clothe’ ‘bare life’ and thus to empower persons not just in the future but in the present, and thereby take on the complexities and paradoxes that being human means especially in conditions of extremis.
Neoadjuvant Therapy with Weekly Nanoparticle Albumin-Bound Paclitaxel for Luminal Early Breast Cancer Patients: Results from the NABRAX Study (GEICAM/2011-02), a Multicenter, Non-Randomized, Phase II Trial, with a Companion Biomarker Analysis
Authors: Martín Miguel , Chacón José I. , Antón Antonio , Plazaola Arrate , García-Martínez Elena , Seguí Miguel A. , Sánchez-Rovira Pedro , Palacios José , Calvo Lourdes , Esteban Carmen , Espinosa Enrique , Barnadas Agusti , Batista Norberto , Guerrero Angel , Muñoz Montserrat , Romio Estefania , Rodríguez-Martín César , Caballero Rosalía , Casas María I. , Rojo Federico , Carrasco Eva , Antolín Silvia
Published: July 2017

Background

Nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-Paclitaxel) is an alternative to standard taxanes for breast cancer (BC) treatment. We evaluated nab-Paclitaxel efficacy as neoadjuvant treatment for early estrogen receptor-positive (ER+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) disease.

Materials and Methods

Women with ER+, HER2-, stage II–III BC were treated preoperatively with four cycles of weekly nab-Paclitaxel (150 mg/m2), 3 weeks on and 1 week off. We hypothesized that poor pathological response rate (residual cancer burden [RCB] III; Symmans criteria) would be ≤16%.

Results

Eighty-one patients with a median age of 47 years were treated; 64.2% were premenopausal, and 69% of tumors were stage II. Residual cancer burden III rate was 28.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 18.6%–38.2%), RCB 0+I (good response) rate was 24.7% (95% CI: 15.3%–34.1%) and RCB 0 (complete response) rate was 7.4% (95% CI: 1.7%–13.1%). Objective response rate by magnetic resonance imaging was 76.5% and rate of conversion to breast conserving surgery was 40.0%. The most frequent grade 3 and 4 toxicity was neutropenia (12.3% and 3.7% of patients, respectively), without any febrile neutropenia. Sensory neuropathy grade 2 and 3 were seen in 25.9% and 2.5% of patients, respectively. Tumor secreted protein, acidic, cysteine-rich (SPARC) overexpression was significantly associated with RCB 0 (odds ratio: 0.079; 95% CI: 0.009–0.689; p = .0216).

Conclusion

Despite failing to confirm an RCB III rate ≤16% in nab-Paclitaxel-treated patients, the RCB 0+I rate indicates a significant drug antitumor activity with low rates of grade 3–4 toxicity. Our exploratory biomarker analysis suggests a potential predictive role of complete response for SPARC. Confirmatory analyses are warranted, adapting dose and schedule to decrease peripheral neurotoxicity. (Trial registration: European Clinical Trials Database study number: 2011-004476-10; ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01565499).
The characteristic strength of jet-grouted material
Authors: Toraldo C. , Modoni G. , Ochmański M. , Croce P.
Published: July 2017

In spite of being one of the most popular ground improvement techniques, jet grouting is often viewed with suspicion, its properties underestimated and its role downgraded to provisional or subsidiary, mostly because of the lack of reliable methods to manage uncertainty. The random composition and scattered properties of the material observed at the small scale of laboratory tests lead designers to assume arbitrarily unjustified over-conservative strength. A methodology is herein introduced to quantify uncertainty, characterising the different factors of variability in the jet-grouted material and simulating their effects on representative structural elements. An experimental database representative of a broad range of situations, consisting of laboratory tests on samples cored from jet-grouted columns and sonic tomography scans performed on large blocks, is first examined to characterise the mechanical response of the jet-grouted material and its variability. Probabilistic and autocorrelation functions are then introduced to simulate the stochastic and spatially correlated variability and virtually reproduce realistic populations of samples. The virtual simulation of uniaxial compression tests on these samples with a three-dimensional finite-element method code leads to the statistical distribution of the strength being obtained and the mean and variance being computed. Repeating systematically this process for the variable parameters of the original functions and for different shapes and dimensions of the samples leads to general formulas expressing the statistical distribution of the uniaxial compressive strength. The inferred relations are finally combined to calculate correcting factors giving the characteristic strength of prismatic jet-grouted elements with variable dimensions and slenderness, starting from the distribution observed at the laboratory scale.
Mesangial Cell Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 Activation Results in Mesangial Expansion
Authors: Nagai Kojiro , Tominaga Tatsuya , Ueda Sayo , Shibata Eriko , Tamaki Masanori , Matsuura Motokazu , Kishi Seiji , Murakami Taichi , Moriya Tatsumi , Abe Hideharu , Doi Toshio
Published: July 2017

Human glomerular diseases can be caused by several different diseases, many of which include mesangial expansion and/or proliferation followed by glomerulosclerosis. However, molecular mechanisms underlying the pathologic mesangial changes remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the role of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1)–S6 kinase pathway in mesangial expansion and/or proliferation by ablating an upstream negative regulator, tuberous sclerosis complex 1 (TSC1), using tamoxifen-induced Foxd1-Cre mice [Foxd1ER(+) TSC1 mice]. Foxd1ER(+) TSC1 mice showed mesangial expansion with increased production of collagen IV, collagen I, and α–smooth muscle actin in glomeruli, but did not exhibit significant mesangial proliferation or albuminuria. Furthermore, rapamycin treatment of Foxd1ER(+) TSC1 mice suppressed mesangial expansion. Among biopsy specimens from patients with glomerular diseases, analysis of phosphorylated ribosomal protein S6 revealed mesangial cell mTORC1 activation in IgA nephropathy and in lupus mesangial proliferative nephritis but not in the early phase of diabetic nephropathy. In summary, mesangial cell mTORC1 activation can cause mesangial expansion and has clinical relevance for human glomerular diseases. This report also confirms that the tamoxifen-induced mesangium-specific Cre-loxP system is useful for studies designed to clarify the role of the mesangium in glomerular diseases in adults.
Human dignity - Our supreme constitutional value
Authors: Goolam Nazeem MI
Published: July 2017

As far as constitutional interpretation and statutory interpretation in general is concerned, South Africa is undergoing a transformation from a formal, positivistic vision of law to a substantive, natural law vision of law. And the single most significant factor in this transformation is the existence of constitutional values. For the first time in South Africa, courts (in particular the Constitutional Court) must decide cases on the basis of these values. It is therefore simply erroneous and naive to say that 'the Constitutional Court has been so fixated with the role of 'values' in the first year of its existence' and that the court is 'obsessed' with the role of 'values'. Of these values, the three most fundamental in any open and democratic society are human dignity, equality and freedom. Amongst this trinity of values human dignity finds pride of place. Some of the pertinent questions briefly addressed in this article are: (1) What does human dignity entail?; (2) Is human dignity a right or a duty?; (3) How should it be understood in a plural society such as ours?; (4) What about the impact of modern technology on human dignity?; (5) Is our understanding of the concept/value/idea of human dignity not too European/Western in nature? For example, the issue of gays and lesbians is a human rights and human dignity question in the West, while other cultures find homosexuality abhorrent and uncivilized; and (6) Should we explore a religious and spiritual philosophy of human dignity?
De Periode 1795-1798: de Geboorte van Nederland als ‘Democratische’ Eenheidsstaat
Authors: Elias Arthur , Swanepoel HL
Published: July 2017

Ik behoef u niet uit te leggen, waarom ik mij verheug vandaag weer in uw midden te zijn. Ik bezoek de Nordwes-universiteit en met name de Kampus Potchefstroom sinds 1993 nu voor de zesde maal. Ik voel me hier dus erg thuis en ‘ek voel my ook bevooreg om vandag op hierdie besonderse dag saam met u te kan wees’.
Editorial
Authors: Venter Francois
Published: July 2017

In this first of at least three editions planned for 2006, the focus is on environmental law:

 Professor Verschuuren of Tilburg University attributes the high moral value of the principles of environmental law to the ideal of sustainable development.  

 Advocate Paschke and Professor Glazewski of Cape Town offers strong arguments against allowing retrospective environmental authorisation as militating against the purposes of environmental assessment.
Continuous Robust Sound Event Classification Task v1
Authors: Mcloughlin Ian
Published: July 2017

The task described here is that used in the PLoS ONE paper entitled "Continuous Robust Sound Event Classification Using Time-Frequency Features and Deep Learning". It builds upon the long established standard isolated sound evaluation task first describedby Jonathan Dennis, and widely used by a number of other authors - for evaluating classifiers of isolated sounds. By contrast the current task extends this to potentially overlapping sounds with no a priori knowledge of start and end points. The advantage of having a standard taskis obvious: it makes experiments easily repeatable by others, and eases the comparison of results when other authors make use of the same method to evaluate their own research. With at least 15 state-of-the-art sound classification papers published with Dennis' isolated sound event detection method, it is easily the most popular task defined to date. In this current task, exactly the same raw material is used, butis extended through protocol and setup into a continuous, overlapping and robust classification task. The task uses freely available sound recordings from the Real World Computing Partnership (RWCP) Sound Scene Database in Real Acoustic Environments. These must be obtained directly by the RWCP, and are free for non-commercial or academic users, whilecommercial users are charged a small free. Robustness evaluation is performed by mixing rawsounds with background noises from the NOISEX-92 database at several signal-to-noise (SNR) levels. The NOISEX-92 data is widely available online for download.
Ewangelicy z Tomaszowa Mazowieckiego w powstaniu styczniowym
Authors: Witczak Krzysztof Tomasz
Published: July 2017

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Errata to the Stanisław Czernik’s Biography: 1949
Authors: Gardocki Wiktor
Published: July 2017

The subject of this paper is the writing activity of Stanisław Czernik in 1949. Czernik was an esteemed writer but concurrently he worked as censor in The Ministry of Culture and Art. He reviewed novels of many writers in the same department of Ministry where his novels were reviewed too. This paper discusses a number reviews wrote by Czernik and some reviews of Czernik’ books wrote by another censors of The Ministry.
“Criticamente em perigo” e “ameaçado de extinção” – status de alguns animais taxidermizados presentes no memorial da EE “Culto à Ciência” de Campinas/SP/Brasil
Authors: Souza Tamiris Pinheiro de , Silva Jovana Cristina Ferreira da , Panhan Cristiana Maria Mendonça , Cason Silvia Regina , Menezes Maria Cristina
Published: July 2017

O Arquivo Histórico Documental da Escola Estadual “Culto à Ciência” em Campinas/SP/Brasil, local onde se desenvolve o Projeto “Preservação dos Acervos Históricos da EE ‘Culto à Ciência’”, coordenado pela Profa. Maria Cristina Menezes, CIVILIS/ FE/UNICAMP, é composto por diversos acervos; dentre os quais está o acervo dos exemplares de animais taxidermizados.
Multiple Attribute Decision Making (MADM) in Proportional-Stop-Loss Reinsurance
Authors: Wang Jiexuan
Published: July 2017

This article addresses reinsurance decision making process, which involves the insurance company and the reinsurance company, and is negotiated through reinsurance intermediaries. The article proposes a decision flow to model the reinsurance design and selection process. In contrast to existing literature on pure proportional reinsurance or stop-loss reinsurance, this article focuses on the combination into Proportional-Stop-loss reinsurance design which better addresses interest of both parties. In terms of methodology, the significant contribution of the study is to incorporate Multiple Attribute Decision Making (MADM) into modelling the reinsurance selection. The Multi-Objective Decision Making (MODM) model is applied in designing reinsurance alternatives. Then MADM is applied to aid insurance companies in choosing the most appropriate reinsurance contract. To illustrate the feasibility of incorporating intelligent decision supporting system in reinsurance market, the study includes a numerical case study using simulation software @Risk in modeling insurance claims, and programming in MATLAB to realize MADM. Managerial implications could be drawn from the case study results. More specifically, when choosing the most appropriate reinsurance, insurance companies should base their decision on multiple measurements instead of single-criteria decision making models for their decisions to be more robust.
TINGKAT KESESUAIAN RUANG PUBLIK DENGAN KONSEP LIVABLE CITY DI KOTA SURAKARTA
Authors: Farida Ifni , Yudana Galing , Rini Erma Fitria
Published: July 2017

Abstract: Development of the urban population in Indonesia that growing rapidly these days, of course will cause impacts for the city itself, including in terms of environmental degradation. Therefore, society needs of a comfortable and livable city is getting higher, which is known as the concept of livable city. One of the key principles of the concept of livable city is the availability of public space as a place to socialize and interact. Surakarta, within 5 (five) years, being actively promote provision of public green space, as one of the public space, as evidenced by the increase of public green space area 23,16% in 2016. In a study titled Indonesia Most Livable City Index, Surakarta has a livable city index reached 69,38% above the national average. The problem in this research is how the level of conformity of the public space in Surakarta with the concept of livable city? This study aims to determine the level of conformity of the public space in Surakarta with the concept of livable city, which covers several aspects, including: availability, coverage, accessibility, comfort, amenity, and supporting activity. The method in this study using deductive research approach and scoring analysis technique. Based on the analysis, it can be seen that the level of conformity of the public space in Surakarta with the concept of livable city included into the category of medium-level conformity. Nonetheless, it needs improvement in some aspects of public space in Surakarta whose value is still low, in order to realize the public space in Surakarta according to the concept of livable city.

 

Keywords: level of conformity, public space, livable city, scoring analysis
RUMAH SAKIT KHUSUS STROKE DENGAN PENERAPAN HEALING ENVIRONMENT DI SUKOHARJO
Authors: Pratiwi Karina Putri , Purnomo MDE , Muqoffa Mohamad
Published: July 2017

Abstract: Design of Special Hospital Stroke in Sukoharjo effected by the increase in cases of stroke from time to time, the main cause of death almost all hospitals are there in Indonesia, as well as yet of the existence of special handling psychologically for stroke patients particularly in Central Java, one area of Shorkot ever several times had the highest stroke cases. Design issues include: how to realize the design of container recovery process of health stroke patients by creating the quantity and quality of space or that can help cure using the application Healing Environment. The purpose of this design is as a container that hosts the health service in the territory of the People devoted to the sufferers of stroke that is designed using the method of healing by structuring the physical environment health facilities that can speed up the recovery time of the patient's health both physically and psychologically. The method used is the method of programming Architecture Palmer. The result is the design of hospitals that can accelerate the recovery process of health stroke patients both physically and psychologically with the application of the concept of the Healing Environment in outer space or space in hospitals, particularly in the treatment rooms.

 

Keywords: Healing Environment, Psychological, Special Hospital, Stroke.
Cultural Memory and the Sri Lankan Civil War in Shobaskthi’s Short Story, ‘The MGR Murder Trial’
Authors: Vasan Preetha
Published: July 2017

This paper looks at the intersection of cultural memory, war and literary narrative in the specific context of the civil wars that raged Sri Lanka. It would consider the dynamics of cultural memory of an ethnic minority group during a civil war. To achieve this, the paper would attempt a close study of Shobasakthi , the Tamil Eelam writer’s titular short story “The MGR Murder Trial” from his short story anthology. The use of a popular cultural icon is deliberate in the story. The paper would consider the symbolism of this usage and thereby arrive at the author’s response to the civil war.
A Mixed‐Effects Regression Modeling Approach for Evaluating Paddy Soil Productivity
Authors: Zou Ganghua , Li Yong , Huang Tieping , Liu De Li , Herridge David , Wu Jinshui
Published: July 2017

Core Ideas

Cation exchange capacity, Ca2+, K+, available soil potassium, pH, and clay significantly affect paddy soil productivity.

A mixed‐effects linear regression model evaluates soil productivity well.

The two‐layer soil stratification scheme is the best for assessing soil productivity.

Soil productivity (SP) is a description of the soil's inherent capacity for crop production and approximates the long‐term average crop yield. Knowledge of the key driving factors of SP is essential for short‐term soil management and long‐term agricultural sustainability. Representative 50‐cm intact soil profiles from high‐, moderate‐, and low‐yielding paddy fields with long rice (Oryza sativa L.)‐production histories were collected in southern China. Each profile was stratified into 10 layers at 5‐cm intervals. Multiple linear (MLM) and mixed‐effects (MEM) regression models were developed from the basic soil properties, with the MEM using four different combinations of soil depth of sampling, to evaluate paddy SP. Soil cation exchange capacity (CEC), Ca2+, K+, available potassium (AVK), pH, and clay content were correlated with SP (n = 60, r = 0.25–0.59, p < 0.05), while soil organic C and N contents were poorly related to SP (r = 0.03–0.07, p > 0.05). A MEM with three fixed effects [log (AVK), CEC, and pH] and two random effects [log (Na+) and clay] with two‐layer stratification (0–20 and 20–50 cm) best estimated SP (n = 12, R2 = 0.96, p < 0.001). We concluded that the combination of soil stratification and mixed effects could make SP assessment in paddy fields more efficient.
Genetic Diversity and Population Structure in the Landrace Accessions of Gossypium hirsutum
Authors: Kaur Baljinder , Tyagi Priyanka , Kuraparthy Vasu
Published: July 2017

In this study, genetic diversity and population structure was assessed in a set of 185 Gossypium hirsutum L. landrace accessions, collected mainly from Central America during the mid‐1900s using genomewide simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Genotyping the diversity panel using 122 SSRs detected 143 marker loci. A total of 819 alleles were identified across 143 markers loci, and out of these, 23.3% were unique alleles, observed only in one accession. Average genetic distance between accessions was 0.36, suggesting higher levels of genetic variation present in the cotton tropical landrace germplasm. Using Bayesian model‐based structure analysis, five major subgroups were identified that roughly corresponded to the geographical origins of accessions. Substantial admixture was observed as accessions from different geographical locations were grouped together. Results from phylogenetic analysis, principal component analysis, and analysis of molecular variance supported clustering based on STRUCTURE analysis. Pairwise kinship estimates suggested that most of the accessions were unrelated. Finally, core sets representing various levels of allelic richness were identified using POWERMARKER. Assessing genetic diversity, population structure, and identifying the core sets in the landraces will facilitate the utilization of unexploited tropical genetic diversity towards developing improved cotton cultivars.
Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Brachiaria Species and Breeding Populations
Authors: Triviño Narda Jimena , Perez Juan Guillermo , Recio Maria Eugenia , Ebina Masumi , Yamanaka Naoki , Tsuruta Shin‐ichi , Ishitani Manabu , Worthington Margaret
Published: July 2017

Several apomictic Brachiaria (Trin.) Griseb. (syn. Urochloa P. Beauv.) species are commercially important tropical forage grasses, but little is known about the interspecific diversity and population structure within this genus. Previously published genus‐level Brachiaria phylogenies were conducted with few genotypes and contradicted well‐established morphological evidence and proven interspecific fertility in the B. brizantha (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) Stapf., B. decumbens Stapf., and B. ruziziensis (R. Germ. & C.M. Evrard) agamic complex. In this study, we characterized the genetic diversity and population structure of 261 genotypes from 14 Brachiaria species and a Panicum maximum Jacq. outgroup using 39 simple sequence repeat primers with 701 polymorphic bands. The genotypes included in the panel included germplasm accessions, commercial cultivars, and sexually reproducing breeding populations. Results of STRUCTURE, neighbor joining, unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean, and multiple correspondence analyses confirmed the relatedness of the important commercial species B. brizantha, B. decumbens, and B. ruziziensis. Brachiaria decumbens was most closely related to B. ruziziensis, and the diploid sexual and tetraploid apomict B. decumbens accessions formed into two related but distinct groups. The close relationship between B. humidicola (Rendle) Schweick and B. dictyoneura (Figari. and De Not) Stapf. and the unique genetic makeup of the lone sexually reproducing B. humidicola accession were also corroborated by these results. Our findings largely supported morphology‐based taxonomic groupings in Brachiaria and indicated that genus‐level phylogenies are made more robust by the inclusion of many polymorphic markers and multiple genotypes from each species.
M$_k$ models: the field theory connection
Authors: Fokkema Thessa , Schoutens Kareljan
Published: July 2017

The M_kk
models for 1D lattice fermions are characterised by
{\cal N}=2
supersymmetry and by an order-kk
clustering property. This paper highlights connections with quantum
field theories (QFTs) in various regimes. At criticality the QFTs are
minimal models of
{\cal N}=2
supersymmetric conformal field theory (CFT) - we analyse finite size
spectra on open chains with a variety of supersymmetry preserving
boundary conditions. Specific staggering perturbations lead to a gapped
regime corresponding to massive
{\cal N}=2
supersymmetric QFT with Chebyshev superpotentials. At ‘extreme
staggering’ we uncover a simple physical picture with degenerate
supersymmetric vacua and mobile kinks. We connect this kink-picture to
the Chebyshev QFTs and use it to derive novel CFT character formulas.
For clarity the focus in this paper is on the simplest models,
M_11,
M_22
and M_33.