bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Black, Slave, Woman—The Role of Slave Women in the Ante-bellum South
Authors: Chen Chin Yu
Published: February 2021

There is a famous Chinese proverb which says “a good man never fights with a woman.” From the viewpoint of this Chinese custom, women should always be respected. This maxim certainly was never applied to Black women in the Ante-bellum south of the United States prior to the Civil War. The intent of this paper is to bring to the attention of the reader some of the inhumanity practiced on slave women when they were required to work, without pay, on the plantations in the American South before that country’s Civil War. The women learned quickly to “respect” the “lash” which beat them if they did not do their work properly, or sassed their master. Slavery, at its best, is a terrible institution, and this paper does not address the subject of slavery in other parts of the world. This study is designed to study the plight of Black women, and their struggles, in that time of supposed Southern “gentility.” This study will also attempt to provide an insight into the work and family life of Black women in the era of the Antebellum South.
Media Literacy Education of Chinese College Students under the New Media Environment
Authors: Cuiting Wang
Published: February 2021

Aspects of new media technology to Chinese college students thinking, language, behavior and psychology have had a significant impact, fully understand and grasp the opportunities and challenges of the new media environment to ideological and political education, conduct media literacy education to enhance adaptability and effectiveness of ideological and political education is a priority China ideological and political education.
Blackboard Use by Faculty Members in the Colleges of Applied Sciences in the Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Al Naibi Salim Abdullah , Madarsha Kamal Basha , Ismail Nik Ahmad
Published: February 2021

This research was conducted to investigate the use of Blackboard by faculty members in the Colleges of Applied Sciences in the Sultanate of Oman and the factors affecting their use. A questionnaire was completed online by 257faculty members representing 43.05% of the total faculty population in these colleges. Results showed that Blackboard is still underutilized by faculty; it is mainly used as a depositary tool rather than for instructional and assessment purposes. Results also revealed that there are statistically significant differences in Blackboard use related to age, experience, specialization and college. However, other demographic variables (i.e. gender and academic rank) had no effect on Blackboard usage. Technology infrastructure and faculty support were identified as being the major factors leading to limited use of Blackboard in these colleges. It is recommended that immediate action be taken to address these issues; it is further recommended that additional research be undertaken to investigate student and faculty characteristics that relate to Blackboard usage.
Creating A Sense of Belonging For Gen Y at The Workplace
Authors: Zarim Zainal Abu , Zaki Hafizah Omar
Published: February 2021

The upbringing of today’s world has focused much on the advancement of the use of technology and where works are also technology driven. Correspondingly, the IT-Savvy are the Generation Y also known as “Gen Y”. The Gen Y are mostly immersed in the use of technology from an early age. They are more energetic, futuristic, multi-tasking, and are motivated towards their work. Despite the technology driven generation, they are also people oriented where meeting people and making networking are essential. As compared to the other three generations such as the Silent Generations, Baby Boomers, and Generation X; Generation Y prefer challenging and meaningful work that could lead to work betterment. The increasing number of young gen Y employees has made the study an important aspect of research. The purpose of running this short study is to identify the current trends in the workforce arena which involves Gen Y. This paper also discusses on the categorization of Gen Y, managing Gen Y, and specifically on creating a sense of belonging for Gen Y. Discussions on random surveys for gen Y employees in selected areas in Malaysia has been done. The survey in the form of one to one interview took place at malls and office buildings in Klang Valley targeted at random number of employees ranging from all facet of working sector. A number of 35 samples were successfully interviewed.
Solving Cubic Equations Using Direct Factoring in Complex Field
Authors: Lin Shinemin , Carrington Nichelle'le K
Published: February 2021

Cardano’s Method is not easily understood by undergraduate students. In this research project, we developed a method that students can understand without advanced mathematics skills. The method we developed only need to use the skills of factoring polynomials in complex field and finding cubic roots of a complex number.The procedures we developed are as following:1) Write cubic equation in the form of A3 + B3 + C3 – 3ABC = 0, where A is a function of x, B and C are complex numbers.2) Solve the quadratic equation Z2 – (B3 + C3)Z + B3 C3 = 0, which gives B and C.3) Factor equation of (1) into (A + B + C)(A +Bw + Cw2)(A +Bw2+Cw) = 0, where w is a complex rootof 1.4) Solve equations A+B+C = 0, A+Bω+Cω2 = 0, and A+Bω2+Cω = 0
Building for Success through edTPA Portfolios
Authors: Corliss Carolyn D.
Published: February 2021

Pre-service teacher candidates have been assessed for their knowledge of teaching theory and specific content knowledge, such as Social Science, Elementary, Special Education, etc. by passing written exams. When successful, they are recommended for a teaching certificate allowing them to practice their craft as classroom instructors.
Effects of Out-door Activities on Students’ Attitude towards Physics in Secondary Schools
Authors: OMOTADE AWODUN ADEBISI , S.A JEGEDE
Published: February 2021

The study investigated the effects of out-door activities on students’ attitude towards learning of Physics in Senior Secondary School Physics in Ekiti State, Nigeria. The research design adopted in the study was Pretest-Posttest Quasi-experimental. The sample for the study was 150 Senior Secondary One (SSI) Physics students (this sample was divided into the experimental and control groups in ratio 1: 1 i.e. 75 in each group), selected through the multistage sampling technique from a total population of 7,852 SS I students offering Physics in all the 184 public Senior Secondary Schools in Ekiti State. The instrument used to collect relevant data from the subjects was Physics Attitudinal Scale (PAS). The reliability of the instrument was determined through the split-half method with the reliability coefficient of 0.83. Two null hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The data collected were analysed using inferential statistics of t-test and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). The results of the analyses showed that there was significant difference in the attitude of students to Physics in the experimental and control groups in favour of experimental group. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended that non-conventional teaching approaches such as using out-door activities, should be introduced into the teaching of Physics in the nation’s secondary schools to reinforce the hitherto adopted conventional teaching method and Physics teachers should be encouraged to make use of these new teaching approaches.
Introducing Model-based Design Methodology with LabVIEW to Teaching ARM-based Embedded System Design
Authors: He Nannan , Mullapudi Lakshmi Teja
Published: February 2021

This paper presents our latest experience of introducing the new topic of model-based design (MBD) concepts and tools to a Programming Tools (PT) course for educating students to be capable of utilizing modern tools for correctly developing complicated ARM-based embedded systems. It describes the course contents, student outcomes and lecture and lab preparation for teaching this topic with the emphasis on two sub-topics. Firstly, we present the details of using NI LabVIEW tool in programming ARM Cortex-M MCUs or ARM Cortex-A9 MCUs on the embedded device like NI myRIO for fast developing embedded applications. Secondly, to integrate an on-going research effort on the model-based verification into this course, we also introduce model-checking and the tools that have been utilized in the research project. This new topic helps introducing students the latest research advances which promote the wide applications of the MBD in safety-critical embedded applications. Our primary experience shows that the project-based learning approach with the graphical programming tools and selected MCUs is efficient and practical to teach the MBD of 32-bit MCUs programming.
Effects Of The Global Financial Crisis On Bank Credit To Sme’s
Authors: M.I OLOYE , E.D OBADIARU , A. BAMIGBOLA
Published: February 2021

The aim of this study is to examine the impact of the global financial crisis on the availability of bank credit to the Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SME’s) sector of the Nigerian economy. In general terms, credit availability is a major catalyst to economic growth in any nation, and studies have shown that SME’s serve as the engine room for driving industrial development, wealth creation and financial independence. The effects of financial meltdown on SME’s is of great concern at this point in time. To achieve this aim, both secondary and primary data were used for the study. Chi square was used to analyze the primary data, while graph, percentages and the ordinary least square were used to analyze the secondary data. The findings of the study show that indeed the global financial crises negatively impacted the availability of credit to small and medium scale enterprises, thus worsening the credit rationing behavior of banks to the sector.
Analysis Of Working Conditions Of Support Staff In Public Secondary Schools In Nyamira County, Kenya.
Authors: Evans Nyaboga Nyagaka , Osero Peterson Ondieki , Ajowi Dr Jack
Published: February 2021

Secondary school support staffs are less satisfied with their posts in general, their contracts and conditions of employment, working arrangements for their post, training and development opportunities available to them are always demoralizing them. Going by the foresaid conditions of work, this study was set to analyze of working conditions of support staff in public secondary schools in Nyamira County, Kenya. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. The specific objective of the study was to: examine the working conditions of the support staff in public secondary schools. The study population consisted of 170 public secondary schools, 170 principals, 172 deputy principals and 170 BOM chairpersons with 1020 support staff, totaling to 1532. Simple random and stratified sampling techniques were used to select 16 secondary schools, out of which one principal, six support staff, one deputy principal and the BOM chairperson from each of the sampled schools were selected, making a total sample of 144 respondents for the study. The study established that support staff in Nyamira County work under very poor conditions. The findings reveals that support staff motivation depends on the working conditions set by the principal in a school also influence workers motivation to work. The study recommended that there should be salary increase to support staffs and that the yearly increment should be effected considering the fact that they were few and were doing too much work. Principals should avail adequate working tools.
Antihypertensive and hematological effects of Tribulus terrestris Aqueous Extract
Authors: Eljabri Niemat Ahmed El-Amin , Ahmed Ahmed Khalil , Ahmed Awatif
Published: February 2021

The effect of 100 and 50 mg/kg body weight Tribulus terrestris aqueous extract at on the cardiovascular system of rats was studied. Initial heart rate of 160, systolic100 & diastolic 40was considered as normal pressure.. One minute after extract administration the blood pressure and heart rate of rats were raised. The rats' blood pressure continued in a remarkable increasing manner reaching a 180 systolic, 150 diastolic mm/Hg and the heart rate beat were 200, no mortality was observed. Perfusion pressure was raised with the aqueous extract administration then reduced to the normal level after 90 minutes. It was concluded that aqueous extracts of Tribulus terrestris possess significant hypotensive activity in hypertensive rats. The hypotensive effects of Tribulus terrestris appeared may be due to the direct arterial smooth muscle contraction and membrane hypo polarization. These results suggested the curative effect of T. terrestris aqueous extract on hypertensive animals.
Critical Success Factors of IS Implementation
Authors: Saleh Iqbal Saad Al
Published: February 2021

Recently, the use of information technology has become important and critical, for organizations, as it enhance the quality of products and integrity of organizational services. However, the implementation of such systems is still problematic. Due to globalization and the variation in the monetary, social and technological environments, Information Systems (IS) have turned out to be an imperative feature and high priority for different kind of organizations. In this regard, critical success factors play a vital role in successful implementation of IS. This paper evaluates and analyzes the critical success factors (CSFs) of IS implementation from the Saudi managers’ perspective in different industries in Saudi Arabia. This study will also present the illustration or identification of 19 critical success factors, which are based on a review of literatures and the first phase of a study in Saudi industries. The study will also rank those 19 factors in a logical way and will characterize them into three categories of factors, including organisational, human and technological factors.
Government Guidance Strategies for the Development of Micro-enterprises
Authors: Chen Chun Liang
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this study is to identify the different strategies employed by micro- enterprises supporting by the government funding with different developmental stage of industrial life cycles. This paper used a multiple-cases study method and selected 48 cases micro-enterprises to analyse the developmental phases of these firms. From the results, we find that micro-enterprises tend to need government guidance in five respects at their different growth stages: product packaging, design and promotion; introduction of external resources; commercial community operation; new products/services delivery; and objective-oriented marketing.
Research on Music Appreciation Teaching of Non-Music Majors in Normal Universities
Authors: Lei Liu
Published: February 2021

Schools in China pay more attention to quality-oriented education. Music, an essential part in quality-oriented education, has been an indispensable part in education policy making process for a long time. During the crucial period transforming from examination-oriented education to quality-oriented education, music plays an irreplaceably special role in learning and teaching. According to the recent data, all the normal universities have set up the music curriculum, whether it is music, or non-music majors. It stresses the importance of music class in the form of compulsory or optional courses in the teaching content. However, there are some problems which are bothering the teachers. To solve those problems, the author will combine theoretical knowledge and practical experience and make a preliminary study and research of music appreciation teaching of non-music majors in normal universities.
Teach Astronomy A Comprehensive Online Astronomy Education and Outreach Resource
Authors: Impey Chris David , Hardegree-Ullman Kevin K. , Patikkal Anand , Austin Carmen L
Published: February 2021

A web site called Teach Astronomy (http://www.teachastronomy.com) has been created to serve astronomy instructors and their students, amateur astronomers, and members of the general public interested in astronomy. The content includes astronomy articles from an introductory level textbook and from the online resource Wikipedia, short video clips, astronomical images, podcasts, and recent news stories. This article describes the technology behind the delivery of those learning resources, which is relevant to the capabilities and limitations of the web site. One key innovation is the Wikimap, a Flash-based tool that presents the visual results of a real-time clustering analysis of hundreds or thousands of text items, displaying the item that best matches the search term and most closely related items. The clustering is carried out in a Lucene index, and it can operate on any database containing items of text. The astronomy content is routinely updated, in some cases daily. Due to the prevalence of smartphones, tablets, and other handheld devices, a simplified non-graphical version of the interface was developed using custom style sheets. Teach Astronomy has a large following of students taking introductory astronomy classes and members of the public with a recreational interest in astronomy. In the past year, there have been 250,000 unique visitors. Currently we are developing a new interface that uses HTML5 instead of Flash to display the Wikimap, an app version of the website for use on smartphones and tablets, and tool to support an instructor and learner community.
Jurisdiction in Arbitration
Authors: NDUMBARO DAMAS DANIEL
Published: February 2021

Importance of arbitration, as an Alternative Dispute Settlement mechanism, offers flexible, convenient and cost effective mode of solving the dispute. The cardinal point is the jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal which vests powers to the arbitral tribunal or arbitrator to legally arbitrate of the dispute. This paper discuss the cardinal point of the arbitral jurisdiction, tracing where the arbitral tribunal or arbitrator powers originate and what happen if there is abuse or ultra vires in the exercise of the powers vested. The papers, comparatively, takes a snap shot of Rwanda, which has one of the modern arbitration legislation and Tanzania which as the oldest one, dated as far back as 1931.
Effect of an m-Learning English Speaking Software App on Students in the Chiang Rai Municipality Schools 6 and 7 in Thailand
Authors: Bitter Gary Glen
Published: February 2021

Thailand is beginning to emphasize the teaching of elementary, junior and senior high students to speak English. One of the key problems has been the availability of an effective English learning program. This research study evaluated the effects of a mobile English speaking software app (Qooco Kids English) for two schools using mobile devices in which 95% of the phone s were Android, The research questions’ focus was on English speaking ability. Qooco Kids English is an online program delivered via a mobile device. The Qooco Kids English App was used to teach children to speak English fluently by providing English audio models and frequent speaking practice with immediate actionable feedback on the English speaking of the students. Qooco Kids English has twelve instant feedback lesson modules with gamified, progressive lessons which result in faster and more engaging learning lessons. Through a pre post experimental design, the researchers studied the speaking ability of 192 grade 5 and grade 6 students in Chiang Rai Municipality School 6 and 89 Junior and senior high students in Chiang Rai Municipality School 7 for one semester in Thailand. Specifically, effects on students' English speaking ability after one semester were measured through the iTest pre and post-tests. The significant statistical findings indicated that the Qooco software English speaking app increases student achievement in both spoken and written English for Grades 5 and 6 as well as junior and senior high school students.
Analysis Approach of User Centered Innovation for Call Center Services in Telecommunication
Authors: Chen An-Che , Huang Hau-Wei
Published: February 2021

The growing global market of telecommunication services continuously promotes expanding customer needs and customer cares. Despite the efforts to facilitate Web-based services for customer contacts, Call Center Services (CC) with Interactive Voice Response Systems (IVR) currently remain the primary channel for customer services in telecommunication industries. In reality, the development of the system structure for IVR and the subsequent Call Center Information System are mainly based on the perspectives from the internal function processes on the provider side, i.e., a rather technical- or business- function oriented approach. User centered approaches of system innovation are therefore needed for better user experiences for such customer services. This study aims to establish a template analysis framework for the system improvement towards user-centered customer services, through conducting an empirical study in a major telecom company in Taiwan. Sampled system records in IVR logs are extracted and further linked with the corresponding transaction records which are routinely reported by customer service representatives for call handlings. In addition, individual interviews with customer service agents are also the other primary part of this system analysis. The interview results show that the problematic repair service dispatch policy and the personnel proficiency in business inquiries are critical to the quality of customer services. By further cross-referencing the results of system analysis and agent interviews, practical suggestions for system innovation towards a user-centered customer service system as well as the implications for theoretical research are in further discussion.
Cultural Resistance to Imported Pedagogy
Authors: Tan Zhuxiu
Published: February 2021

Task-based language teaching (TBLT) is one way of translating some principles of communicative language teaching (CLT) into practice. It offers practical ways of establishing a balance in classroom instruction between developing ‘knowing how’ and ‘knowing what’, the latter of which is caused by the traditional English teaching ‘presentation, practice and production (PPP) model popular in English classrooms in the People’s Republic of China. However, TBLT has failed to make the biggest impact on English language teaching (ELT) as expected in Chinese context as an imported pedagogy. This paper investigates one of the most important potential constraints on the adaptation of TBLT in the English classroom, namely, the Chinese cultural of learning. It argues that TBLT and the Chinese cultural of learning are in conflict in several important aspects mainly including the following relationship: Input-oriented or output-oriented approach to language learning, teacher-centeredness or student-centeredness, language knowledge or language ability and so on. In view of such fundamental differences caused by the Chinese cultural of learning which puts great emphasis on the input of learning for students, this paper contends that it is sometimes counterproductive to adopt the pedagogy which originated and developed in a different sociocultural context. It concludes by arguing for the necessity of adopting a cautious approach to using the imported pedagogy in Chinese context and developing a sensible consciousness facing pedagogical choices in English teaching classrooms.
Agricultural Policies And Rural Development, The Case Of South Western Nigeria, 1945-1960
Authors: FAMILUGBA Jonathan Olu
Published: February 2021

Agriculture is fundamental to the growth and development of any Nation. In most developing economies, agriculture constitutes a major economic activity of the people either as producer, seller or marketer. Agriculture serves as the main foreign exchange earnings and major source of revenue for the government. It is against this background that this study investigates Agricultural policies and rural development in South Western Nigeria, 1945-1960. It examines the governmental Agricultural Policies adopted in the colonial period geared towards achieving increased agricultural production and the various strategies employed by the Regional government towards achieving the set goals. The paper went further to assess the extent to which the objectives were achieved, and what factors impeded the attainment of set goals. The paper adopts historical and descriptive method in analysing issues raised. The paper conclusively observed that the greater emphasis placed on the production of cash crops at the expense of food crops largely contributed to the food insecurity that is now prevalent in Nigeria. The paper made some recommendations on how Agricultural production could be improved upon and be made to contribute meaningfully to the growth and development of Nigerian economy.
Gender and Socio-economic Differences in Substance Use Among Academics in Niger Delta University, Bayelsa State of Nigeria
Authors: Inyingi Dimkpa Daisy , Wilcox Lydia Amonia
Published: February 2021

The use of substance by university academics in recent times is a cause for concern especially due to the negative implications of its misuse. The social climate in the university is gradually changing in spite of its setting which is meant for educating and reforming individuals, as new forms of social organizations have evolved wherein academics get involved in indiscriminate substance use as a result. This research was undertaken to investigate the reasons why academics engaged in substance use and to find out the difference in its use, based on gender and socio-economic status of the respondents. The study adopted the descriptive survey design. The population of the study comprised 833 academic staff. A total of 113 academics who were randomly selected from six out of twelve faculties in the university participated in the study. Three Research questions and two research hypotheses were generated to guide the study. A researcher designed instrument named ‘University Academics’ Substance Use Questionnaire’ was used to generate data, and analyzed using mean scores, standard deviations and the t-test. Results indicated that a higher number of male than female academics engaged in substance use due to emotional and psychological reasons; and that alcohol, tobacco and caffeine were the most frequently used substances. The predisposing factors to substance use were amongst others, early parental and cultural initiation. The t-test also showed statistically significant differences in substance use based on gender and socio-economic status of the respondents. Based on the findings, recommendations were made.
Students’ Attitude and Interest as Correlates of Students’ Academic Performance in Biology in Senior Secondary School
Authors: OMOTADE AWODUN ADEBISI , Funke ADEKUNLE Rachael , Oyewumi FEMI-ADEOYE Kudirat
Published: February 2021

The study examined the relationship in the students’ attitude to Biology and students’ interest and academic performance of student in Biology in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Students for the study were two hundred (200) SS II Biology students randomly drawn from five secondary schools in Ado Local Government Area of Ekiti State. The research design adopted was a descriptive survey research which was questionnaire based and past terminal continuous assessment results of the students involved in the study. The instruments used to collect relevant data from the students were Biology Attitudinal Scale (BAS), Biology Interest Scale (BIS) and terminal continuous assessment results. The instruments were subjected to validity and reliability mechanism. Pearson Product Moment correlation(r) statistical analysis was used to analysed the two null hypotheses formulated for the study. The findings showed that there is significant relationship in the students’ attitude to Biology and students’ academic performance in Biology, and the findings also revealed that there is significant relationship in the students’ interest in Biology and students’ academic performance in Biology. Conclusion and recommendations were also made in this paper.
Impact of Sociocultural factors on adoption of modern technologies in beekeeping projects among women groups in Kajiado County- Kenya
Authors: Keiyoro Peter Njenga , Muya B Irungu , Gakuo C. Mwangi , K Mugo
Published: February 2021

Sociocultural factors can have various impacts in projects during different project phases. These impacts can be either negative or positive. It is important for project implementers who target adoption of technology among people who hold onto certain cultures to understand what their clients believe and consider effective as well as acceptable. This research focused on sociocultural factors influencing adoption of modern technologies in beekeeping projects with particular focus to women beekeeping groups in Kajiado County in Kenya. The objective of the study was to establish the sociocultural factors that influence adoption of modern beekeeping technologies. The target population for this research was the beekeeping women groups in Kajiado County where a sample size of 116 respondents were drawn. The study employed the use of personal interviews, questionnaires, observation guides and key informant interview guides to collect data from the targeted respondents. The collected data was coded and entered into SPSS (version 21) for analysis. The findings of the study revealed that sociocultural factors have a positive and negative influence on adoption of beekeeping technologies. The factors identified were sex of the household head, marital status, size of the house hold, size of land and cultural beliefs. This conclusion confirmed the study carried out by the Kenya Beekeepers Association (K.B.A., 2005) which suggested that some of the sociocultural factors affecting adoption of new technologies could besex of household, marital status and size of the household among others.
The Connotation of University Teacher’s Dignity and Strategies to Safeguard It
Authors: He Yanqiu
Published: February 2021

The “dignity” of university teachers refers to the established and strengthened sense of self respect. University teachers would have a sense of belonging and a sense of control when they are self respected, self dignified and constantly strive to be stronger. As the multi cult ural era makes the way knowledge is imparted and information is received unprecedentedly convenient, teachers are no longer the only source for students to obtain knowledge from. It is true that the loss and deterioration of dignity among university teache rs is a fact facing us. In response to these problems, it is urgent to reshape and safeguard the dignity of university teachers. However, teachers, universities and government must work together before the dignity is reshaped and safeguarded as it is a sys tematic project.
Mapping the Paradigms of Brazilian Social Thought
Authors: Sinder Valter
Published: February 2021

One of the most constant traits in the intellectuals responsible for the history of Brazilian social thought in modern times is their attraction to the study of their own society. It is possible to identify in the historiography of Brazilian social thought, three great ruptures through which new ways of defining the country’s formation were introduced. Bearing in mind that this is not a strict and rigid period division, but one based on emphasis, we could name the first of these three periods as that of race, which comes up around the 1870’s; the second one, could be called the period of culture, placed around the 1930’s; and the last one, that of social frame, emerging around the 1950’s. This history of Brazilian social thought changed its course around the 1980’s. It is possible to detect at that moment a change in focus for Brazil; some kind of transition from a perspective that favoured territorial or stratal integration to a growing emphasis on cultural integration. Since then we can see the emergence of new themes, objects and approaches also within the field of Brazilian social thought. The inclusion of new participants in the dialogue that was being carried out was to give rise to unexpected effects.
ARCHITECTURAL PLANNING OF MINIA MOSQUES
Authors: Darwish Mahmoud Ahmed
Published: February 2021

Minia  maintains twenty-four archaeological mosques adopt several models follows: the local architectural planning between the courtyard and open riwaqs, and planning with naves without courtyard.

There are four mosques take planning component of the courtyard and riwaqs ranging in date from the Fatimid age, and twenty mosques planning to take the naves and overdraft without a courtyard ranging in date from the Fatimid and Muhammad Ali ages includes one mosque with five naves, eleven mosques with four naves, five mosques of three naves and three Mosques of two naves.

The objective of this study to highlight the evolution of the architectural planning of the mosques in Minia governorate, which was one of the most important provinces in Upper Egypt, in the architectural heritage,

The variables of comparison where mosques have been established since the Arab conquest of Egypt has maintained were noted in the planning and architectural elements, while in the mosques of the renovation and reconstruction in many periods, it retained Architectural assets, which was mostly to the Fatimid age, also found that the mosque has seen the upswing in the Mamluk and Ottoman ages.

Whether the planning with open Riwaqs around the courtyard or naves without courtyard, and the development of the architectural elements which include facades and entrances, minarets and arches.

The research, in the methodology followed, based on the identification of the architectural planning stages of the development of the mosques on:

1. The descriptive approach through the study of architectural planning and follows this through different ages.

2. The analytical and comparative approach by the various characteristics of the models and patterns of architectural planning and comparative study with a number of mosques.
MINTS The Next Economic Frontier for Investment – A Financial Analysis of the Pharmaceutical Industry
Authors: Jurkowski Joseph Henry , Daly Dion D
Published: February 2021

We have heard a great deal recently of the BRIC countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China), and the PIGS (Portugal, Italy, Greece, Spain) but now the focus seems to be on the MINT countries, (Malaysia, Indonesia, Nigeria, and Turkey) as the leading emerging economies in the world. Rising labor and other costs now have companies looking for new opportunities in rapid growth markets. But not without specific risks that companies must be willing to take. Corruption, rampant communicable disease, drug abuse and criminal activity, religious issues and disagreements are a few of the challenges companies must face in the new frontier. This paper will attempt to look at four pharmaceutical companies in each of the MINT countries to determine their potential profitability as an investment opportunity. This industry is especially unique since these countries have a growing population which will increase the labor force and also create a need for pharmaceutical products. Each of these countries is located in an advantageous geographical location which will provide an advantage in growing their economies. Mexico is next to the U.S. and the rest of Latin America. Indonesia is located in the heart of Southeast Asia with strong ties to China. Turkey has positioned itself to have both Eastern and Western influences. Nigeria is in a prime spot as it ls located in the prime economic powerhouse of a continent, Africa. If they get their acts together, solve their problems of corruption, energy, and infrastructure, these four countries could potentially overtake China as a leading economy of the world.
Influence of the Manager’s Characteristics on the SME Performance in Senegal
Authors: FAYE Oumar
Published: February 2021

The Small and Medium-sized Entreprises (SMEs) represent the most important part of companies in all economies. In Senegal, they constitute 90% of companies, contribute to up to 30% of job creations and participate in the national value added training for up to 20%. In most of the countries, the SME is defined by the number of employees, the turnover and the investment; but what characterizes it, in particular, is the manager’s central position (Julien, 1997). It is him who assumes the responsibility for defining the vision, combining the different resources and setting up strategies to lead the SME towards performance.In Senegal, very little work basically focuses on the SME manager and namely his or her personal characteristics. The ambition of this paper is also to study the manager’s characteristics which influence the performance of his company. It is based on the theoretical framework of the Upper Echelons Theory (UET) developed by Hambrick and Mason (1984).The results which are obtained from a sample of 202 Senegalese SMEs show that the manager’s characteristics namely the age and the high level of education have a positive impact on the SMEs performance.
Sinusoidal Temperature Model for Major Cities in Georgia
Authors: Bridges Meagan , Foster Jessica , Dolo Samuel Luogon
Published: February 2021

One of the periodic natural phenomena in life is temperature patterns.  A mathematical model based on periodicity called a sinusoidal temperature model has been formulated to describe and estimate the maximum and minimum temperature characteristics for the major cities in Georgia. The four parameters in the proposed sinusoidal temperature model that are used to predict or estimate temperature patterns are based on a thirty-year monthly means of the maximum and minimum temperature of cities in Georgia obtained from weather.com.  The model shows a high level of accuracy in predicting maximum and minimum temperature for major cities in Georgia.
New Online Teaching Mode of Higher Education with Information Technology
Authors: Wang Xin-Hong , Wang Jing-Ping
Published: February 2021

In this article, the current situation of online teaching of higher education in the information age was briefly described, and the characteristics of MOOC and SPOC was also analyzed and compared to propose and construct a new mode of post-MOOC online education based on "autonomous learning - collaborative learning – mixed learning and learning "SCH-SPOC teaching model; and taking the teaching of engineering graphics course exploration as an example, demonstrated the resource-sharing individualized learning mode, while co-teaching collaborative learning mode and flip classroom mixed learning The significance of the new model is to gradually break the traditional pattern of "full house".
knowledge and information in the connectivism theory
Authors: Kuntz Viviane Helena , Ulbricht Vania Ribas , Freitas Maria do Carmo Duarte
Published: February 2021

On the context of technological development and society organized on network, appears the learning theory for the digital age, the connectivism. It is about of a Siemens and Downes proposed, in 2004, that highlights the knowledge as result of established connections on the networks, what allows the capacity of reflection, deciding and sharing. In this context, it objectifies with this article searching the theoretical panorama of thematic about connectivism and its relation with knowledge and information. There is a search of quality approach and of exploratory nature that comes out of a Systematic Review of Literature adapted of Cochran Center. As result, it was observed that, on the searched basis, the number of publications in the period of 2011 to 2017 had the balance in total occurrences compared to the types of documents, events articles and periodicals, with a higher incidence of publication in 2015. For the paucity of thematic it was observed that has discussions about what refers the legitimacy of a theory for the connectivism.
Innovation, creativity and entrepreneurship as a teaching strategy
Authors: Da Silva II Gentil Luiz , Da Silva Juliano Bueno Barbosa , Da Silva Rafael Rocha , Costa Enio , Antonello Rafael Thyago
Published: February 2021

In today's times, the amount of information is huge. With this, the speed of transformation also reaches very high levels. With technological advances being humans are being gradually replaced by machines in their daily mechanical functions. Banking self-service providers, supermarkets, and other retail giants evidence these changes daily. In order for the professional to be able to face these new challenges, he must become an innovator by nature. However, this intrinsically human characteristic has been forgotten in the student formation. This work presents the creation of a new movement emerged called inovatisvimo (word in portuguese that means the fusion between three words: Inovação (Innovation), criatividade (creativity) e empreendedorismo (entrepreneurship). Innovation, creativity and entrepreneurship will be some of the essential pillars to differentiate us from the machines in the not so distant future. In which innovative, creative and entrepreneurial actions are stimulated and directed towards the students in order to face the challenges that the new world will present.
Attitudes towards Error Correction, Corrective Moves and Their Effects in College English Classrooms in China
Authors: Shi Guang
Published: February 2021

This study explored the relationships among teachers’ and students’ attitudes toward error correction, teachers’ actual corrective moves and their effects in college English classrooms in China. The major findings are as follows. Firstly, comparatively speaking, teachers are more negative toward errors and error correction than students. Secondly, Teachers and students have different views of how errors should be corrected. Finally, negotiation of form, favored by both teachers and students, has the best effects among all error correction types; explicit correction, welcomed by students but disliked by teachers, is less effective than negotiation of form but more effective than recast, which is favored by teachers but distasted by students.
‘Constructive reflection’ Getting the best out of reflective learning
Authors: Thanaraj Ann
Published: February 2021

This paper proposes a constructive reflective model that offers students a layered and developmental approach to embed learning and the application of learning within the seemingly constantly changing professional environment. The model is different from other popular reflective practice frameworks because it embraces the influences of personal epistemology of assumptions and consciousness and recognises how our identity, values, opinion and experiences impacts on the way we react or behave in particular situations. It recognises the need to facilitate the reconceptualization of knowledge and learning by questioning, evaluating and critique of knowledge to draw higher levels of cognitive and moral development, whilst it aims to explicitly raise awareness of the necessary competent knowable, skills and attributes for professional practice through its constructive and methodological process. This leads to a holistic and effective professional learning process.
Automatic Group Formation Method to Foster Innovation in Collaborative Learning at Workplace
Authors: Ferreira Deller James , Caetano Samuel Sabino , Junior Celso Gonçalves Camilo
Published: February 2021

Despite group formation in learning environments is commonly and successfully approached, there is a gap in the research literature with respect to its application in corporative learning. Regarding that creativity is as an important factor to increase innovation in companies, in the present research, we propose a group formation method, considering preferred roles and functional diversity, aiming to improve creativity in collaborative learning at workplace. We employed Tabu Search algorithm to automatically form groups based on Nonaka's knowledge creation theory and preferred roles from Belbin’s model. We performed a case study to compare the quality of socio-cognitive interactions duringcollaborative learning in groups formed by the proposed method and randomly formed groups. The results show that groups formed by preferred roles and functional diversity are more creative and present enhanced fluency and more elaborated products in comparison to randomly formed groups.
Analyzing trends in academic papers about ubiquitous virtual worlds in education using text mining
Authors: Krassmann Aliane Loureiro , Herpich Fabrício , Bercht Magda , Cazella Sílvio Cesar
Published: February 2021

Contemporary teaching and learning processes increasingly require exploration and discovery activities, rather than the organized sequence of methods used in the twentieth century. This paper aims to describe a research that uses text mining techniques on a corpus composed of 10 current academic papers about educational ubiquitous’ Virtual Worlds, aiming to obtain indications about the main trends in terms of development and applications in the area. As a result, some directions have been extracted and analyzed, which revealed research opportunities in the educational field.
Impact of Training Counselling Program to Developing Positive Thinking and Social Responsibility among Teachers of Learning Disabilities in Light of Professional Practice
Authors: Ahmed Eldood Yousif Eldood
Published: February 2021

This study was conducted during (2016-2017) in university of Jazan, faculty of education, department of special education. The study aimed to exploring impact of training counselling program to developing positive thinking and social responsibility among teachers of children with (LD) in light of professional practice. Researchers used experimental method, applied positive thinking and social responsibility scales, designed by researchers used as study tool. The community of study consisted of (20) from teachers of children with learning disabilities. The sample was chosen purposely included control group (10) teachers and experimental group (10) teachers, Researcher used SPSS depends on T-test for one sample, Pearson correlation coefficient, Alpha equation, regression. Finally, the results are as following: the level of social responsibility among teachers of children with learning disabilities is significant(high), the level of positive thinking among teachers of children with learning disabilities is significant(high), background is influence on social responsibility, age is influence on social responsibility. Training counselling program is effective to developing positive thinking and social responsibility.
role of socialisation in the development of phonological, syntactical and lexical aspects of language
Authors: Elotteebi Ghozayel Mohsen
Published: February 2021

Rapid linguistic development is believed to occur in early childhood because of the malleability of this period (Hutterlocher, et al., 1991; Maccoby, 1992). The aim of this paper is to evaluate the role of socialisation as a contributor to first-language acquisition in terms of the phonological, lexical and syntactical aspects of language. The relative importance of nativist-and usage-based approaches to language is examined. Following from that, the role of the amount, type and period of exposure to speech in the process of learning English as a first-language. This paper explores a number of studies of typical and atypical children in the relevant literature. It concludes that language acquisition is driven both by innate ability and by environmental factors, i.e. society, or social elements are significant as activators of the human being’s innate ability to acquire language. According to this paper, the deprivation of socialisation is critical to many aspects of language development, most importantly syntactic, and least importantly phonological. Deficits in phonological aspects are only seen in the case of atypical children, and the cases of autistic children, while lexical development can be seen in both cases; typical and atypical. The results of the studies investigated in this paper suggest that syntax is aspect of language most affected by inadequate exposure to language. It also concluded that these three aspects of language acquisition are also likely to be influenced by a critical period, which is a proposal of nativism.