bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploratory Analysis of Electronic Cigarette–Related Videos on YouTube: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Xie Zidian , Wang Xueting , Gu Yu , Li Dongmei
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use has become more popular than cigarette smoking, especially among youth. Social media platforms, including YouTube, are a popular means of sharing information about e-cigarette use (vaping).

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to characterize the content and user engagement of e-cigarette–related YouTube videos.

METHODS

The top 400 YouTube search videos related to e-cigarettes were collected in January 2020. Among them, 340 valid videos were classified into provaping, vaping-warning, and neutral categories by hand coding. Additionally, the content of e-cigarette videos and their user engagement (including average views and likes) were analyzed and compared.

RESULTS

While provaping videos were dominant among e-cigarette–related YouTube videos from 2007 to 2017, vaping-warning videos started to emerge in 2013 and became dominant between 2018 and 2019. Compared to vaping-warning videos, provaping videos had higher average daily views (1077 vs 822) but lower average daily likes (12 vs 15). Among 161 provaping videos, videos on user demonstration (n=100, 62.11%) were dominant, and videos on comparison with smoking had the highest user engagement (2522 average daily views and 28 average daily likes). Conversely, among 141 vaping-warning videos, videos on potential health risks were the most popular topic (n=57, 40.42%) with the highest user engagement (1609 average daily views and 33 average daily likes).

CONCLUSIONS

YouTube was dominated by provaping videos, with the majority of videos on user demonstrations before 2018. The vaping-warning videos became dominant between 2018 and 2019, with videos on potential health risks being the most popular topic. This study provides updated surveillance on e-cigarette–related YouTube videos and some important guidance on associated social media regulations.
The Sharing Economy in China’s Aging Industry: Applications, Challenges, and Recommendations (Preprint)
Authors: Hu Yaolin , Wang Jian , Nicholas Stephen , Maitland Elizabeth
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

All aging societies face the challenge of allocating limited resources for the highest value of use. The sharing economy provides one method to address the imbalance between the demand and supply of health services to the older adult population. With a substantial aging population, China’s practices in the sharing aging industry may set examples for other “getting old before getting rich” countries.

OBJECTIVE

There is a gap in both the data and research on China’s aging industry sharing economy. This paper addresses these data and research lacunae by constructing a framework for the application of a sharing model in China’s aging industry, by assessing the current state of the aging industry sharing economy, by setting out the challenges to the sharing aging health care and service economy, and by making recommendations for the development of the aging industry sharing economy.

METHODS

This paper constructs a sharing economy framework in the aging industry covering four aspects (people, facilities, capital, and information) to test the current state and future prospects of China’s aging industry sharing economy.

RESULTS

In people sharing, we analyzed the sharing of emotional companionship, doctors, nurses, nursing attendants, and domestic helpers. We discussed facility sharing models from the point of land and housing, medical devices, and other items such as pensioner meals and shared medicine bins. We acknowledge that crowdfunding platforms have developed fast in China, but many older adult users faced problems in their operation. Information sharing is a developing field, which can optimize users’ experiences and should help older adults filter out misinformation, but China currently does not have adequate sharing information platforms for older adults.

CONCLUSIONS

We identified four major challenges in China’s aging industry sharing economy: poor adaptability to technology for older adults, mediocre quality of shared services, one-size-fits-all and the concept of the useless elderly, and shortage of qualified practitioners. We make recommendations for specific measures by governments, communities, and enterprises to improve the sharing economy in the aging industry.
Notes From the Field: A Voice-Activated Video Communication System for Nurses to Communicate With Inpatients With COVID-19 (Preprint)
Authors: Dunn Mimi , Landman Adam , Cartright Jennifer , Bane Anne , Brogan Anne , Coy Caroline , Zhang Haipeng
Published: July 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

With the relaxing of telehealth regulations through the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) waiver notification for Telehealth Remote Communications during the COVID-19 Nationwide Public Health Emergency, our organization had the opportunity to pilot an innovative virtual care solution using a modified consumer-grade voice-activated video communication system (Amazon Echo Show 8) within one inpatient COVID-19 unit. In this brief report, we describe our experiences with implementing the system and general feedback from clinicians, and discuss areas for future development required to enable future scaling of this solution. Our pilot demonstrates the feasibility of deploying a consumer-grade voice assistant device in COVID-19 patient rooms. We found the devices engaging due to the voice technologies and Alexa functionalities for both clinician and patient entertainment. To enable future deployment at scale, enhancements to the Echo Show and data analytics will need to be further explored.
Stakeholder Perspectives on In-home Passive Remote Monitoring to Support Aging in Place in the Province of New Brunswick, Canada: Rapid Qualitative Investigation (Preprint)
Authors: Read Emily A , Gagnon Danie A , Donelle Lorie , Ledoux Kathleen , Warner Grace , Hiebert Brad , Sharma Ridhi
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

The province of New Brunswick (NB) has one of the oldest populations in Canada, providing an opportunity to develop and test innovative strategies to address the unique health challenges faced by older adults. Passive remote monitoring technology has the potential to support independent living among older adults. Limited research has examined the benefits of and barriers to the adoption of this technology among community-dwelling older adults.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to explore perceptions of in-home passive remote monitoring technology designed to support aging in place from the perspective of older adults, their family or friend caregivers, social workers, and government decision-makers in the province of NB, Canada.

METHODS

Between October 2018 and March 2020, a rapid qualitative investigation of 28 one-on-one interviews was conducted in person or via telephone. Participants included 2 home support services clients and 11 family or friend caregivers who had used passive remote monitoring technology in their homes; 8 social workers who had worked as case managers for home support services clients; and 7 individuals who were key government decision-makers in the adoption, policy development, and use of the technology in the province of NB. The interviews focused on the following topics: decision to adopt the passive remote monitoring system, barriers to adopting the passive remote monitoring system, benefits of the passive remote monitoring system, impact on client health outcomes, and privacy concerns. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and analyzed by a team of 6 researchers. Data analysis was conducted using a rapid assessment process approach that included matrix analysis.

RESULTS

Participants reported that the use of the remote monitoring system allowed older adults to live at home longer and provided caregiver relief. Stakeholders were invested in meeting the home support (home care) needs of older adults. However, when it came to the use of remote monitoring, there was a lack of consensus about which clients it was well-suited for and the role that social workers should play in informing clients and caregivers about the service (role ambiguity, gatekeeping, and perceived conflicts of interest).

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings highlight many benefits and challenges of the adoption of passive remote monitoring for clients, their family or friend caregivers, and public provincial health and social services systems. Passive remote monitoring is a valuable tool that can provide support to older adults and their family or friend caregivers when it is a good fit with client needs. Further work is needed in NB to increase public and social workers’ awareness of the service and its benefits.
A Privacy-Preserving Audit and Feedback System for the Antibiotic Prescribing of General Practitioners: Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Yigzaw Kassaye Yitbarek , Chomutare Taridzo , Wynn Rolf , Berntsen Gro Karine Rosvold , Bellika Johan Gustav
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

Antibiotic resistance is a worldwide public health problem that is accelerated by the misuse and overuse of antibiotics. Studies have shown that audits and feedback enable clinicians to compare their personal clinical performance with that of their peers and are effective in reducing the inappropriate prescribing of antibiotics. However, privacy concerns make audits and feedback hard to implement in clinical settings. To solve this problem, we developed a privacy-preserving audit and feedback (A&F) system.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to evaluate a privacy-preserving A&F system in clinical settings.

METHODS

A privacy-preserving A&F system was deployed at three primary care practices in Norway to generate feedback for 20 general practitioners (GPs) on their prescribing of antibiotics for selected respiratory tract infections. The GPs were asked to participate in a survey shortly after using the system.

RESULTS

A total of 14 GPs responded to the questionnaire, representing a 70% (14/20) response rate. The participants were generally satisfied with the usefulness of the feedback and the comparisons with peers, as well as the protection of privacy. The majority of the GPs (9/14, 64%) valued the protection of their own privacy as well as that of their patients.

CONCLUSIONS

The system overcomes important privacy and scaling challenges that are commonly associated with the secondary use of electronic health record data and has the potential to improve antibiotic prescribing behavior; however, further study is required to assess its actual effect.
Adding Mobile Elements to Online Physical Activity Interventions Targeted at Adults Aged 50 Years and Older: Protocol for a Systematic Design (Preprint)
Authors: Collombon Eline H G M , Bolman Catherine A W , Peels Denise A , de Bruijn Gert-Jan , de Groot Renate H M , Lechner Lilian
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

Physical activity (PA) can increase mental and physical health in adults aged 50 years and older. However, it has been shown that PA guidelines are often not met within this population. Therefore, our research group developed 2 computer-tailored intervention programs in the last decade to stimulate PA: Active Plus and I Move. Although these programs were proven effective, positive effects diminished over time and attrition rates were relatively high. To respond to this, we will integrate 3 interactive mobile elements into the existing programs: activity tracker, ecological momentary intervention program, and virtual coach app.

OBJECTIVE

The goal of the research is to define systematic and evidence-based steps for extending our online computer-based PA intervention programs with 3 interactive mobile elements.

METHODS

Components often included in other (eHealth) design models were identified as key components and served as a base for the definition of systematic steps: exploration of context, involvement of the target population, prototype and intervention testing, and implementation. Based on these key components, 10 systematic steps were defined. The initial step is a literature search, with the results serving as a base for development of the low-fidelity prototypes in step 2. The pilot phase comprises the 3rd to 6th steps and includes semistructured interviews, pilot tests, and adaptations of the prototypes with intensive involvement of the target population of adults aged 50 years and older, where particular attention will be paid to lower educated persons. The 7th step is an effect evaluation in the form of a randomized controlled trial. During the 8th step, the most effective intervention programs will be selected and reinforced. These reinforced intervention programs will be used during the design of an implementation plan in the 9th step and the subsequent field study in the 10th step.

RESULTS

The project will be executed from December 2019 to December 2023. During this period, the systematic approach presented will be practically executed according to the methodological procedures described.

CONCLUSIONS

Based on the 4 identified key components, we were able to design an evidence-based systematic design approach for separately adding 3 mobile elements to our existing online PA intervention programs. The 10 steps are presented as a useful approach to guide future eHealth design studies.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/31677
Cultural Competence Interventions for Health Professionals Working with Racialized Foreign-born Older Adults: Protocol for a Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Chowdhury Diya , Baiocco-Romano Leonardo , Sacco Veronica , El Hajj Karen , Stolee Paul
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

Integrating culturally competent approaches in the provision of healthcare services is recognized as a promising strategy for improving health outcomes for racially and ethnically diverse populations. Person-centered care, which ensures patient values guide care delivery, necessitates cultural competence of healthcare providers in order to reduce racial/ethnic health disparities. Previous work has focused on interventions to improve cultural competence among healthcare workers generally; however, little investigation has been undertaken regarding current practices focused on racialized foreign-born older adults.

OBJECTIVE

We seek to synthesize evidence from existing literature in the field to gain a comprehensive understanding of culturally competent interventions for health professionals who work with racialized foreign-born older adults. The aim of this paper is to describe the protocol for this review.

METHODS

Our protocol will follow the PRISMA guidelines (PRISMA-P) for systematic review protocols. We will conduct a systematic search for relevant studies from three electronic databases that focus on health and social sciences (PubMed, CINAHL, and Scopus). After selecting relevant papers using the inclusion and exclusion criteria, data will be extracted, analyzed, and synthesized to yield recommendations for practice and for future research.

RESULTS

The systematic review is currently at the search phase where authors are refining the search strings for the selected databases. We expect that the systematic review will be completed within 18 months from the publication of the protocol paper.

CONCLUSIONS

This study will inform future development and implementation of interventions to support culturally competent, person-centered care of racialized immigrant older adults.
Developing Reporting Guidelines for Social Media Research (RESOME) by Using a Modified Delphi Method: Protocol for Guideline Development (Preprint)
Authors: Kaushal Aradhna , Bravo Caroline , Duffy Stephen , Lewins Douglas , Möhler Ralph , Raine Rosalind , Vlaev Ivo , Waller Jo , von Wagner Christian
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

Social media platforms, such as Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram, are being increasingly used to deliver public health interventions. Despite the high level of research interest, there is no consensus or guidance on how to report on social media interventions. Reporting guidelines that incorporate elements from behavior change theories and social media engagement frameworks could foster more robust evaluations that capture outcomes that have an impact on behavior change and engagement.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this project is to develop, publish, and promote a list of items for our Reporting Guidelines for Social Media Research (RESOME) checklist.

METHODS

RESOME will be developed by using a modified Delphi approach wherein 2 rounds of questionnaires will be sent to experts and stakeholders. The questionnaires will ask them to rate their agreement with a series of statements until a level of consensus is reached. This will be followed by a web-based consensus meeting to finalize the reporting guidelines. After the consensus meeting, the reporting guidelines will be published in the form of a paper outlining the need for the new guidelines and how the guidelines were developed, along with the finalized checklist for reporting. Prior to publication, the guidelines will be piloted to check for understanding and simplify the language used, if necessary.

RESULTS

The first draft of RESOME has been developed. Round 1 of the Delphi survey took place between July and December 2021. Round 2 is due to take place in February 2022, and the web-based consensus meeting will be scheduled for the spring of 2022.

CONCLUSIONS

Developing RESOME has the potential to contribute to improved reporting, and such guidelines will make it easier to assess the effectiveness of social media interventions. Future work will be needed to evaluate our guidelines’ usefulness and practicality.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/31739
Evaluation of the Pathways for Survivors Program to Address Breast Cancer Survivorship–Associated Distress: Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Umashankar Saumya , Mamounas Matina Elise , Matthys Madeline , Hadeler Edward Kenji , Wong Emily Claire , Hicks Greg , Hwang Jimmy , Chien Amy Jo , Rugo Hope S , Hamolsky Deborah , Esserman Laura , Melisko Michelle
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

Patients with breast cancer frequently experience escalation of anxiety after completing curative treatment.

OBJECTIVE

This study evaluated the acceptability and psychological impact of a 1-day workshop to emphasize behavioral strategies involving intention and self-efficacy.

METHODS

Breast cancer survivors who attended a 1-day Pathways for Survivors workshop provided feedback and completed electronic quality of life (QOL) questionnaires at baseline, 1 and 6 weeks, and 6 months after the workshop. Attendees’ baseline QOL scores were compared to follow-up (FUP) scores. Scores from patients receiving routine FUP care were also compiled as a reference population.

RESULTS

In total, 77 patients attended 1 of 9 workshops. The mean satisfaction score was 9.7 out of 10 for the workshop and 9.96 out of 10 for the moderator. Participants’ baseline mean Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) anxiety and depression scores were 57.8 (SD 6.9) and 55.3 (SD 7.5), respectively, which were significantly higher than those of patients receiving routine FUP care (49.1, SD 8.3 and 47.3 SD 8.0, respectively). PROMIS anxiety and depression scores decreased, and the Happiness Index Profile (HIP-10) score—measuring intention and resiliency—increased significantly at 1- and 6-week FUPs.

CONCLUSIONS

The Pathways for Survivors program was favorably received. Anxiety and depression decreased significantly at 1- and 6-weeks after the workshop and remained below baseline at 6 months. Increased HIP-10 scores suggest that patients acquired and implemented skills from the workshop. A 1-day workshop led by a lay moderator significantly improved several psychological measures, suggesting that it may be a useful and time-efficient strategy to improve QOL in breast cancer survivors. We are investigating whether an abbreviated “booster” of the intervention at a later date could further improve and maintain QOL gains.
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on a Physician Group’s WhatsApp Chat: Qualitative Content Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Abdel-Razig Sawsan , Anglade Pascale , Ibrahim Halah
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

Social media has emerged as an effective means of information sharing and community building among health professionals. The utility of these platforms is likely heightened during times of health system crises and global uncertainty. Studies have demonstrated that physicians’ social media platforms serve to bridge the gap of information between on-the-ground experiences of health care workers and emerging knowledge.

OBJECTIVE

The primary aim of this study was to characterize the use of a physician WhatsApp (WhatsApp LLC) group chat during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS

Through the lens of the social network theory, we performed a qualitative content analysis of the posts of a women physician WhatsApp group located in the United Arab Emirates between February 1, 2020, and May 31, 2020, that is, during the initial surge of COVID-19 cases.

RESULTS

There were 6101 posts during the study period, which reflected a 2.6-fold increase in platform use when compared with platform use in the year prior. A total of 8 themes and 9 subthemes were described. The top 3 uses of the platform were requests for information (posts: 2818/6101, 46.2%), member support and promotion (posts: 988/6101, 16.2%), and information sharing (posts: 896/6101, 14.7%). A substantial proportion of posts were related to COVID-19 (2653/6101, 43.5%), with the most popular theme being requests for logistical (nonmedical) information. Among posts containing COVID-19–related medical information, it was notable that two-thirds (571/868, 65.8%) of these posts were from public mass media or unverified sources.

CONCLUSIONS

Health crises can potentiate the use of social media platforms among physicians. This reflects physicians’ tendency to turn to these platforms for information sharing and community building purposes. However, important questions remain regarding the accuracy and credibility of the information shared. Our findings suggest that the training of physicians in social media practices and information dissemination may be needed.
Karakterisasi Ekstrak Kurkumin dari Kunyit Putih (Kaemferia rotunda L.) dan Kunyit Kuning (Curcuma domestica Val.)
Authors: Malahayati Nura , Widowati Tri Wardhani , Febrianti Anita
Published: July 2021

This study was aimed to identify the chemical characteristics of white and yellow turmeric powder, and to investigate the influence of both types with three different solvents on yield, total phenolic content, curcuminoid, antioxidant, and antibacterial activity of curcumin crude extract. The curcumin extraction was performed by maceration using N-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol solvents. The results showed that the proximate analysis excluding carbohydrate content of white turmeric powder were lower compared to the yellow type. Curcumin crude extract of white turmeric powder had lower yield, total phenolic content, curcuminoid, antioxidant, and antibacterial activity compared to yellow turmeric extract. Moreover, turmeric extracted with ethyl acetate had higher total phenolic, curcuminoid, antioxidant, and antibacterial activity compared to turmeric extracted using N-hexane and ethanol. Based on the highest total phenolic (193.26 mg GAE/kg) and curcuminoid content (8.13 mg/L), the best treatment was yellow turmeric extract using ethyl acetate solvent. This treatment had the lowest IC50 (63.38 μg/ mL), and the highest clear zone size of S. aureus (6.59 mm) and E. coli (6.29 mm) at concentration of 2000 ppm.
Healthcare utilization and guideline-directed medical therapy in heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction
Authors: McCullough Peter A , Mehta Hirsch S , Barker Colin M , Houten Joanna Van , Mollenkopf Sarah , Gunnarsson Candace , Ryan Michael , Cork David P
Published: July 2021

Aim:
This study examines the effect of guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) on healthcare utilization in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction from Optum
®
 Integrated File from 1 January 2007 to 30 June 2020.
Materials & methods:
Patients with both a beta blocker and either an ACE inhibitor (ACE-I), angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) or angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor were assigned to the GDMT cohort. All others were not on GDMT.
Results:
Estimated annual all cause hospitalizations and emergency department visits per 100 patients was 29% (80 vs 62 patients) and 26% higher (54 vs 43 patients; p < 0.0001) and annualized hospital days were longer (1.88 vs 1.64; p = 0.0020) for patients not on GDMT.
Conclusion:
In a real-world population, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, patients not optimally managed on GDMT had higher annualized healthcare utilization when compared with patients on GDMT.
Bombesin receptors in GtoPdb v.2021.2
Authors: Battey Jim , Benya Richard V. , Jensen Robert T. , Moody Terry W.
Published: July 2021

Mammalian bombesin (Bn) receptors comprise 3 subtypes: BB1, BB2, BB3 (nomenclature recommended by the NC-IUPHAR Subcommittee on bombesin receptors, [115]). BB1 and BB2 are activated by the endogenous ligands neuromedin B (NMB), gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP), and GRP-(18-27). bombesin is a tetra-decapeptide, originally derived from amphibians. The three Bn receptor subtypes couple primarily to the Gq/11 and G12/13 family of G proteins [115]. Each of these receptors is widely distributed in the CNS and peripheral tissues [78, 115, 249, 278, 237, 362]. Activation of BB1 and BB2 receptors causes a wide range of physiological/pathophysiogical actions, including the stimulation of normal and neoplastic tissue growth, smooth-muscle contraction, gastrointestinal motility, feeding behavior, secretion and many central nervous system effects including regulation of circadian rhythm, body temperature control, sighing and mediation of pruritus [149, 202, 244, 115, 196, 249, 306, 68, 34, 332]. A physiological role for the BB3 receptor has yet to be fully defined although recently studies suggest an important role in glucose and insulin regulation, metabolic homeostasis, feeding, regulation of body temperature, obesity, diabetes mellitus and growth of normal/neoplastic tissues [148, 78, 162, 214, 346, 200]. Bn receptors are one of the most frequently overexpressed receptors in cancers and are receiving increased attention for their roles in tumor growth, as well as for tumour imaging and for receptor targeted cytotoxicity [202, 276, 8, 161].
Los egresados de la primera universidad indígena en México
Authors: Lloyd Marion , Hernández Fierro Víctor
Published: July 2021

A casi 20 años de la fundación de la primera universidad para indígenas en México, que desembocó en la creación de un subsistema de 11 universidades interculturales (UI), sabemos muy poco sobre los efectos del modelo en sus egresados. En este artículo se presentan los resultados de la primera encuesta a gran escala aplicada a los egresados de la Universidad Autónoma Indígena de México (UAIM), la pionera y la más grande de estas instituciones. La encuesta, que incluye respuestas de más de 350 egresados de todas las generaciones y en 13 carreras, representa el estudio más extenso sobre las trayectorias laborales y percepciones de los egresados de estas instituciones. El estudio permite analizar las diferencias entre las llamadas carreras “convencionales” e “interculturales”, en temas como: el nivel de ocupación de los egresados, los sectores en donde laboran, los sueldos percibidos, la composición de género de las carreras, entre otras.
Bullying a la niñez trans en las escuelas chilenas y sus efectos en los cuerpos disidentes
Authors: Poblete Melis Rolando , Ramírez Muñoz Felipe , Galaz Valderrama Caterine
Published: July 2021

Pese al aumento de la preocupación pública por la inclusión de personas de sexualidades disidentes en los entornos escolares, en Chile se mantienen las prácticas de bullying y de violencia en las escuelas, tanto entre pares como desde profesores/as y directivos/as. El mundo educativo se enmarca en una matriz binaria, heteronormativa y patriarcal que tiene una eficacia simbólica y directa en el tratamiento que se da a niños/as LGTB en su cotidianidad, y que afecta, especialmente en los últimos años, a la niñez trans. A partir de un estudio cualitativo se visualizan las vivencias de rechazo, acoso y violencia que experimentan niños/as trans en las escuelas, como también las consecuencias negativas en las trayectorias de vida de éstos/as y en sus procesos de subjetivación e identificación. Asimismo, se exponen diferentes formas de control, disciplinamiento y normalización de los cuerpos trans dentro de las escuelas.
¿Cómo te preparas para un examen?
Authors: Chiecher Analía Claudia , Bossolasco María Luisa
Published: July 2021

El artículo describe las estrategias de aprendizaje que ponen en juego estudiantes universitarios para prepararse para un examen en las modalidades presencial y distancia; y las compara en estudiantes con distintos rendimientos académicos. Participaron 213 estudiantes de una universidad pública argentina, quienes se encontraban cursando el primer año de carreras de ciencias económicas, en modalidades presencial y distancia. Finalizado el primer cuatrimestre se administró un cuestionario en el marco del cual se requirió, mediante una pregunta abierta, describir el modo de prepararse frente a un examen. Los datos fueron analizados desde una lógica cualitativa, con el soporte del software IRaMuTeQ. Los resultados muestran diferencias en los modos de prepararse frente a un examen entre estudiantes de distintas modalidades, así como entre estudiantes de dispar rendimiento académico. La discusión gira en torno de algunas recomendaciones que podrían considerarse para favorecer trayectorias de logro en estudiantes presenciales y de modalidad a distancia.
Disease Prediction and Doctor Recommendation System using Machine Learning Approaches
Authors: Kumar Anand
Published: July 2021

In our everyday life we go over numerous individuals who are experiencing some sort of Diseases. Prediction of disease is an integral part of treatment. In this project the disease is accurately predicted by looking at the symptoms of the patient where the patient can input his/her symptom and the system will predict the disease patient is suffering from. Classification Algorithms like the Naïve Bayes (NB), Random Forest, Logistic Regression and KNN have been broadly utilized to anticipate the Disease, where different accuracies were obtained. In corresponding to a particular Disease, for example, Heart Disease, Diabetes and so on is additionally anticipated by demonstrating “True” or “False” i.e. if an individual is having or not having that Disease. Prediction of such a system can have a very large potential in the medical treatment of the future. Once the Disease is predicted by the system, It then recommends which type of doctor to consult. In this paper, an audit of some new works identified with utilization of Machine Learning in expectation of disease is predicted. An interactive interface is built as front-end to facilitate interaction with the symptoms. The whole model is implemented using Django and is connected to the Django Server.
EXPRESSION OF THE CONCEPT “THICK” IN BURYAT AND CHINESE: PERCEPTIVE ASPECT
Authors:   BABASAN D. TSYRENOV The Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, TSYRENOV BABASAN D. , KHAIDAPOVA MARINA B.-O. ,   MARINA B.-O. KHAIDAPOVA Buryat State University named after D. Banzarov
Published: July 2021

The article discusses the patterns of expressing the concept "thick" in two typologically and genetically unrelated languages - Buryat and Chinese. The research of different concepts manifestation in unrelated languages has recently become widespread, and the comparative study of Buryat and Chinese in this regard is conducted for the first time. Translation dictionaries and electronic corpora of the languages were taken as sources for the material from which the necessary tokens were selected using continuous sampling method. To interpret the obtained examples in various contexts, we applied a general scientific method and comparative analysis techniques. As a result, it was discovered that despite the difference in the genesis and typology of Buryat and Chinese, common patterns in the concept expression were found. The common pattern is the differentiation by "topological type", which dictates the use of synonymous words to denote the thickness of objects with different geometric parameters. According to the topological parameter, the objects can be classified as relatively flat (zuzaan, Chinese 厚 hou) or relatively cylindrical (buduun and粗 si), and this can also be applied to the parameters of the human body. Another common feature is the expression of human fatness (fat) in correlation with domestic animals’ fatness degree: targan and 肥 fei. In this context, the definition of fatness has negative connotation.
SOCIOLINGUISTIC DESCRIPTION OF VERNACULAR WORDS: SEMANTICS AND FUNCTIONING OF ADJECTIVES
Authors:   Tamara I. Erofeeva Perm State National Research University, EROFEEVA TAMARA I.
Published: July 2021

The paper describes vernacular lexis in the speech of standard Russian Perm speakers. 20 adjectives were selected to examplify the vernacular word status: 1) expressive seme, 2) usage in many local accents. The second part of the research considers functional and stylistic features of the adjectives on their way from venacular to standard. For this purpose, data from modern standard Russian dictionaries are used. As a result, the adjectives were classified into 2 groups according to the vernacular features: 1) wide use of a lexeme in the changed word-building pattern compared to standard (word-building doublets), 2) expression. The adjectives fell into groups in the proportion of 12/8. Data analysis enabled to conclude that the process of locating a word from one variety to another demonstrates the following pattern: dialect → vernacular → standard with the variations of dialect → vernacular or vernacular → standard.
REVIEW OF THE MONOGRAPH BY I. G. KOSHEVAYA «TEXT-FORMING STRUCTURES OF LANGUAGE AND SPEECH»
Authors:   Tatiana N. Fedulenkova Vladimir State University, FEDULENKOVA TATIANA N.
Published: July 2021

The review highly appreciates the monograph by I. G. Koshevaya “Text-forming structures of language and speech” examining the issues of form, meaning and categories that characterize linguistic and speech structures. The major focus is made on the structure of the speech complex and its boundaries. The book also touches upon related issues that receive an extraordinary interpretation including a) the similarity and difference between linguistic and speech structures, b) constants and transitors, c) nominativeness, predicativeness and limiting, d) position - sentence - speech complex, e) recurrent centers, e) plot perspective. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of functional dependencies in the context of various types of text segments. The originality of interpretations, relevance, novelty, theoretical and practical significance of the work make it possible to use it not only for scientific, but also for linguistic and pragmatic purposes.
PRIMARY TAXIS: PROTOTYPES AND THEIR SURROUNDINGS
Authors:   Irina V. Arkhipova Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, ARKHIPOVA IRINA V. , SHUSTOVA SVETLANA V. ,   Svetlana V. Shustova  Perm State University
Published: July 2021

The article considers the issues of prototypical semantics actualization of the primary taxis in statements with prepositional deverbatives. The focus is made on statements with prepositional deverbatives with taxis-forming prepositions während, seit, vor, nach, bis, in, bei, mit in the temporal meaning. Such statements, related to the sphere of primary (chronological, logically unconditioned) taxis, are characterized by taxis-chronological meanings of simultaneity and non-simultaneity without accompanying adverbial elements of logical conditioning (mode of action, purpose, concession, condition, cause, following, etc.). Modern fiction and non-fiction excerpts taken from German corpora served as the material for the study. Continuous sampling methods was used to select 1500 tokens containing the prepositions that were further analyzed using onomato-semasiological approach. The obtained results enabled to draw several conclusions. First, in sentences with the temporal preposition während and the heterogeneous taxis prepositions in, bei, mit in the temporal meaning, the primary taxis categorical situations of simultaneity are actualized...
VALIDIZATION OF THE MOST INFORMATIVE TECHNIQUES FOR ULTRASOUND DIAGNOSTICS OF VISCERAL OBESITY
Authors:   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University, Bondarenko V.M. , Pimanov S.I. ,   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University, Makarenko E.V. ,   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University
Published: July 2021

Objectives. To validate the ultrasound method of diagnosing visceral obesity in patients with cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome. Material and methods. The study involved 115 people aged from 19 to 60 years, who represented a continuous random sample (examination sample). The diagnostic efficacy of shear wave ultrasound elastography of the lower perirenal visceral adipose tissue (VAT) was evaluated in 59 patients. Ultrasound examination was performed on the Logiq E9 ultrasound machine (GE Healthcare, USA); convex 3.5 MHz and linear 10.0 MHz sensors were used. Results. To assess visceral obesity, the following measurements are recommended: the area of the lower perirenal adipose tissue (AT), the distance between the surface of the rectus abdominis muscle and the anterior wall of the aorta, the thickness of the epicardial and pericardial AT, as well as the elastography of the lower part of the perirenal AT. According to the results of the performed validation of ultrasound VAT measuring techniques, the accuracy of visceral obesity diagnosing in patients with arterial hypertension with the use of the boundary values of the lower part perirenal AT area made up 87.8%. The accuracy of visceral obesity diagnosing in patients with coronary heart disease, taking into account the boundary values of the epicardial AT thickness equalled 86.2%, and pericardial AT thickness amounted to 95.4%. Diagnosing of visceral obesity in patients with metabolic syndrome by measuring four ultrasound parameters (area of the lower part of perirenal AT, thickness of intraabdominal AT, epicardial and pericardial VAT) was carried out with an accuracy of 86.1%. Elastic modulus determination during elastography of the lower part of the perirenal AT using the boundary values, established for patients with metabolic syndrome, was performed with an accuracy of 91.5%.
IMMUNITY AND BACTERIAL BIOFILMS: CURRENT STATUS OF THE MATTER (LITERATURE REVIEW)
Authors:   Center for Urology and Andrology, Plotnikov P.V. , Movsesyan N.A. ,   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University, Lepteeva T.N. ,   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University, Torosyan T.A. ,   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University, Ziamko V.Y. ,   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples' Friendship Medical University, Ilyin E.A. ,   Vitebsk City Clinical Hospital of Emergency Care
Published: July 2021

The problem of prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in practical health care is one of the most difficult, unsolved and priority ones. At the same time, the fact of biofilm formation by microorganisms-causative agents of infectious diseases has already been proved, which leads to an increase in the resistance of pathogens of infectious-inflammatory diseases to antibacterial drugs, chronization of the infectious process, and an atypical course of the disease. The results of numerous studies have shown the relationship between the immune system and bacterial biofilms. The effect of the links of humoral and cellular immunity on the matrix of biofilms or some of its components has been described. Neutrophils, that play a key role in phagocytosis rank first in antibiofilm immunity. However, it has been shown that the polysaccharide matrix of biofilms reduces phagocytosis by inhibiting the phagocytic clearance of biofilm bacteria. Bacteria of biofilms have become able to use many protective reactions of the immune system, designed to fight with microorganisms for their own purposes for development, growth, nutrition. For example, lysozyme enhanced the adhesion of S. aureus to the surface, triggering biofilm formation. Several studies have shown the destruction of biofilms when exposed to blood serum. Other studies have demonstrated the activation of the complement system in the presence of biofilm.
Application of the parallelogram mechanism with the effect of quasi-zero stiffness in the vibration protection systems of the operator’s chair of a road construction machine
Authors:   Siberian State Automobile and Highway University, Korytov M.S. , Sherbakov V.S. ,   Siberian State Automobile and Highway University, Pochekueva I.E. ,   Siberian State Automobile and Highway University
Published: July 2021

For vibration protection of operators of construction and road machines, a promising direction is the use of passive vibration protection systems based on mechanisms with quasi-zero rigidity. Passive vibration isolation systems, being less complex than active ones, require less frequent maintenance, are cheaper to manufacture and more reliable than active ones. The problem of selecting the optimal, most reliable and simple design of the mechanism with the effect of quasi-zero rigidity remains urgent. In this case, the most widespread use of elements that create negative stiffness. This requires elements with positive stiffness in the mechanism, which complicates the design. More promising structures of mechanisms, where elements with negative stiffness are not separated into a separate structure. In mechanisms such as the parallelogram, studied in this work, a section with quasi-zero stiffness can be provided with just one tension spring, which simplifies the design and reduces the cost of the entire vibration protection system. By the method of direct analytical inference for the presented diagram of a parallelogram mechanism with one spring, analytical expressions are obtained for the tensile force of the spring necessary to compensate for the force of gravity of the chair with the operator on the height of the chair and the length of the spring. As an example, the graphical dependences of the spring tensile force on the chair lift and on the spring’s own length are given as an example. It was found that the static force characteristic of the spring is a straight line passing through the origin. That is, the zero force corresponds to the zero spring length, which is not technically feasible. It is proposed to use a mechanism that replaces the tension spring, which will provide a given power characteristic.
Load simulation of a base station chassis of the mobile transport and overloading rope complex
Authors:   Bryansk Automobile Plant JSC, Tarichko V.I. , Shalupina P.I. ,   Bryansk Automobile Plant JSC
Published: July 2021

The article deals with the issues of modeling the stress-strain state of a chassis designed to accommodate the equipment of a mobile transport and overloading rope complex. The main computational cases are determined. Geometric and computational finite element models are constructed, taking into account the features of the metal structure and suspension elements. The method of gluing elements of the grid model is applied. On the basis of the performed calculations, conclusions are drawn about the compliance of the developed structure with the requirements of strength and rigidity.
Investigation of the relationship between the design and technological parameters of vibration and oscillating rollers
Authors:   Pacific national university, Shishkin E.A. , Ivanchenko S.N. ,   Pacific national university, Sidorkov V.V. ,   Pacific national university, Mamaev L.A. ,   Bratsk State University, Smolyakov A.A. ,   Pacific national university
Published: July 2021

Simulation is an important step in the design of new road roller models. In the process of modeling, it is possible to exclude options that do not allow obtaining the optimal structure or parameters of the designed machine. To carry out this stage, it is necessary to have information about the range of values of the design parameters of the roller, the main of which is the operating weight. The mass per axle of a road roller depends on its operating mass and consists of the mass of the frame part and the mass of the drum, the value of which is required in the dynamic simulation of the vibrating drum-compacted material system. Manufacturers of road rollers do not give the drum weight in their technical documentation, so it is difficult to determine its value. In the proposed study, the analytical dependence of the drum mass on the technological parameters of the vibrating and oscillating roller was obtained, and the statistical analysis carried out showed that for calculations the drum mass can be taken equal to 20% of the operational roller mass. As a result of the analysis of the system of forces acting on the drum, it was found that with the same mass, the oscillating drum, in comparison with the vibration, develops a greater driving force. In addition, the impulse of the driving force of the oscillating drum is higher than the impulse of the vibratory drum. The research results can be used to simulate the interaction of a smooth drum of a road roller in the design of new machine models.
Classical and quantum speed limits
Authors: Bolonek-Lasoń Katarzyna , Gonera Joanna , Kosiński Piotr
Published: July 2021

The new bound on quantum speed limit (in terms of relative purity) is derived by applying the original Mandelstam-Tamm one to the evolution in the space of Hilbert-Schmidt operators acting in the initial space of states. It is shown that it provides the quantum counterpart of the classical speed limit derived in Phys. Rev. Lett. 120 (2018), 070402 and the ℏ→0 limit of the former yields the latter. The existence of classical limit is related to the degree of mixing of the quantum state.
Nearly tight Trotterization of interacting electrons
Authors: Su Yuan , Huang Hsin-Yuan , Campbell Earl T.
Published: July 2021

We consider simulating quantum systems on digital quantum computers. We show that the performance of quantum simulation can be improved by simultaneously exploiting commutativity of the target Hamiltonian, sparsity of interactions, and prior knowledge of the initial state. We achieve this using Trotterization for a class of interacting electrons that encompasses various physical systems, including the plane-wave-basis electronic structure and the Fermi-Hubbard model. We estimate the simulation error by taking the transition amplitude of nested commutators of the Hamiltonian terms within theη-electron manifold. We develop multiple techniques for bounding the transition amplitude and expectation of general fermionic operators, which may be of independent interest. We show that it suffices to use(n5/3η2/3+n4/3η2/3)no(1)gates to simulate electronic structure in the plane-wave basis withnspin orbitals andηelectrons, improving the best previous result in second quantization up to a negligible factor while outperforming the first-quantized simulation whenn=η2−o(1). We also obtain an improvement for simulating the Fermi-Hubbard model. We construct concrete examples for which our bounds are almost saturated, giving a nearly tight Trotterization of interacting electrons.