bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMUNICAÇÃO ORGANIZACIONAL NA ERA DIGITAL: ANÁLISE DE CANAIS NO YOUTUBE EM HOSPITAIS QUE ATENDEM PACIENTES COM CÂNCER
Authors: Sueli Alves Albuquerque Amaral Amanda , de Andrade Silva Karine , Ferreira Santana Pinto de Lana Maicon , Sallum Bacco Thaisa , Gomes Barbosa Victor , Asaph Yanraphel da Silva Souza William
Published: February 2019

Twenty years ago, when one sought the meaning of something unknown, one went to the dictionary. With theemergence of the internet, search platforms have become the fastest and most used means of healing doubts and acquiring knowledge. Proportionally, new platforms emerged and communication developed. Considering this scenario, the present article had as general objective to reflect which are the journalistic tools currently used to work the values of an organization in the health area. The methodology applied was qualitative research of the exploratory type. The procedures adopted for the collection and collection of data were bibliographic research and field research. For the collection of data, it was made the observation of channels on YouTube of institutions that offer treatment against cancer. Through the observations collected and the triangulated data analysis, the theoretical bases of organizational communication and the use of YouTube as a corporate tool for hospitals offering oncological care were analyzed.
QUALIDADE AMBIENTAL E URBANA NA HABITAÇÃO SOCIAL EM PRESIDENTE PRUDENTE -SP:O CASO DO CONJUNTO HABITACIONAL ANA JACINTA
Authors: Fonseca de Oliveira Fernanda , Guilherme Oliveira Jean , Bonfim Dias Tiago , Pissutti Albano Vieira Mayara
Published: February 2019

The right to suitable housing has become recognized and accepted by the international community since its inclusion in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948, whosetext, in its article 25, alleges that everyone has the right to an adequate standard of living for the family’s health and welfare, including food, clothing, medical care and the necessary social services. In Brazil, low constructive and architectural quality mark the production of social housing, culminating on the reduction of the beneficiary’s quality of life and environmental problems. Therefore, the present work aims to submit surveys and analysis of Ana Jacinta housing complex in the city of Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, in order to evaluate the environmental and urban quality of the units delivered to beneficiaries in the early 1990s. The methodology isbased in bibliographic and documentary surveys.
Geographical Variation in the Giant Freshwater Crayfish, Astacopsis gouldi: Deductions from a Large Opportunistic Database
Authors: Richardson Alastair , Walsh Todd
Published: February 2019

An on-going opportunistic tagging program marked almost 600 giant freshwater crayfish, Astacopsis gouldi, between 22-222 mm carapace length from 123 localities on 62 rivers in Tasmania since 1998. Eighty animals were recaptured once, 50 more than once, and the longest period between initial and latest capture was 8 years. These data were analysed to examine differences in size and growth between the sexes, between the disjunct eastern and western ranges of the species, and between catchments on nutrient-poor and nutrient-rich rocks. Male animals were heavier per unit length than females, as were animals from the western part of the range compared to the naturally disjunct eastern range. Males grew slightly faster than females. Animals from a catchment underlain by nutrient-poor quartzite rocks grew more slowly than those in a neighbouring catchment on richer dolerite. Individual growth histories varied considerably and suggest that there may be fast-growing and slow-growing animals within the population.
Sexual Dichromatism of “Rusty” Spots in a Population ofFaxonius rusticus(Girard)
Authors: Hartzell Sean
Published: February 2019

Sexual dichromatism is a common phenomenon among animal taxa and consists of differing coloration between sexes in a species. Specimens of the crayfish Faxonius rusticus (Girard) typically have a distinct “rusty” red spot on each side of the cephalothorax. These spots can display variation in both redness and size among specimens; however, little work appears to have been done examining variation in this trait. As a means of investigating possible sexual differences in the color and relative spot size (RSS) of the “rusty” spot in F. rusticus, this work utilized digital image analysis techniques to quantify the color and size of spots in a population of this species. Analyses revealed no difference in RSS between sexes; however, spots of females were significantly redder than those of males. Sexual dichromatism in the spot color of F. rusticus in this population could be relevant to mate discrimination during mating; however, this or other possible functions of this sexual color difference will need to be examined by behavioral studies.
Body Size in Freshwater Crayfish: An Intercontinental Comparison
Authors: Richardson Alastair
Published: February 2019

Body sizes (overall length) of 125 Australian and 230 North American freshwater crayfish were extracted from the literature in order to compare the two major radiations of freshwater crayfish. The size distribution of Australian species is strongly skewed to the right and contains at least 13 species that exceed the maximum size of North American crayfish, however the median size class (74 mm) is the same for both faunas. When the burrowing habits of each species are overlain on the distribution, the Australian fauna is shown to have a higher proportion of primary burrowers, and these are significantly smaller than North American primary burrowers. These differences are discussed in terms of the perceived absence of large predators in Australia, and the long term drying and unpredictability of the Australian climate, but no firm causes can be deduced.
Cultura de compartilhamento em processos avaliativos.
Authors:   Centro Universitário Belas Artes de São Paulo, Garcia Maria Carolina
Published: February 2019

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar de que maneira o modelo de apresentação dos trabalhos de conclusão dos cursos de Design do Centro Universitário Belas Artes de São Paulo converteu-se na mostra BA Creative Collectibles. Igualmente, apresenta seu impacto a longo prazo para os egressos de Design de Moda da instituição. Para tanto, o estudo de caso considera o conceito de economia de compartilhamento desenvolvido por Gansky (2011) e o entendimento de metadesign em sistemas complexos proposto por Alão (2015) como elementos de ressignificação simbólica de processos avaliativos. Assim, observa de que maneira o BA Creative Collectibles eliminou as bancas de defesa, compostas majoritariamente por docentes, em prol de um sistema de avaliação em formato de exposição interativa, que inclui como avaliadores acadêmicos, pesquisadores e profissionais do mercado brasileiro de design. Como resultado, os estudantes tiveram acesso a distintas oportunidades de colocação profissional e foi possível observar que a força e a diversidade do ecossistema da Economia Criativa dependem de uma educação ampla e balanceada. Essa proposta desenvolve um largo espectro de caminhos para a criatividade, com forte foco em uma vida cultural ativa, na sistematização de habilidades de comunicação e na pró-atividade e caráter empreendedor do estudante. Consequentemente, os parâmetros de excelência acadêmica garantem posicionamento e visibilidade no mercado tanto para os egressos quanto para a instituição de ensino.
Design para o sensível: política e ação social na contemporaneidade
Authors:   UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista FAAC - Faculdade de Arquitetura, Artes e Comunicação Programa de Pós-Graduação em Design Departamento de Design, Moura Monica Cristina
Published: February 2019

O Design Contemporâneo atua perante as possibilidades e desafios de compreensão do ser humano em sua complexidade e a leitura e análise deste tempo, das pessoas e suas maneiras de estar no mundo, as possibilidades, expressões, projetos, produtos, objetos, ambientes e serviços – materiais ou imateriais – para dar voz e expressão às diversas sensibilidades e subjetividades diferenciadas (tanto do designer quanto do usuário) alterando métodos e destacando o papel da autoria individual ou coletiva expandindo percepções e diversidades. Tem como objetivo explorar no design contemporâneo o universo do sensível no caminho para a ação política, social e de cidadania a partir da consciência das problemáticas da atualidade. Nesse sentido este texto apresenta uma breve retomada histórica da questão social no campo do design examinando a constituição de novas fronteiras e territórios em sua relação com a sociedade entremeando a estética, a política e a questão do sensível. Toma como referência a “partilha do sensível” de Ranciére e de textos que fundamentam a questão da responsabilidade social dos designers, e como essa questão está sendo tratada na atualidade. O referencial teórico adotado compreende os seguintes autores: Manzini (2015), Rancière (2009), Weber (2008, 2010), Margolin (2006, 2004), Cooper (2005), Heller e Vienne (2003), McCoy (2003), Glaser (2003, 2013), Krippendorf (2000), Redig (1978, 1977), Papanek (1971). Este texto foi desenvolvido a partir do resultado de pesquisas exploratórias com abordagem qualitativa e adota as seguintes etapas metodológicas: revisão de literatura, pesquisa documental e estudos de caso que pautaram as análises e sínteses apresentadas.
A criatividade no ensino do Design de Vestuário de Moda: uma experiência acadêmica
Authors:   Universidade do Minho (UMINHO), Braga, Broega Ana Cristina Luz
Published: February 2019

Este artigo pretende expor as práticas pedagógicas no âmbito do Design de Vestuário, associadas ao desenvolvimento de competências na área da criatividade. Relata exercícios de fomento à criatividade, nomeadamente técnica de "Brainstorming" como incentivo ao “Pensamento Lateral”, assim como “Mapas Mentais” e “Analogias por Fantasia”, adaptadas à metodologia tradicional de desenvolvimento de coleções em design de moda, aplicados aos alunos do Curso de Licenciatura em Design e Marketing de Moda, da Universidade do Minho, Guimarães, Portugal.
Intertextualidades interlinguísticas: alguns parâmetros para análises correlacionais.
Authors:   Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Oliveira Sandra Regina Ramalho e , Jardim Filho Airton Jordani ,   Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC) / Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC)
Published: February 2019

Neste ensaio se tem como objetivo refletir sobre as relações existentes entre textos artísticos e estéticos, sejam eles expressos em uma mesma linguagem ou em linguagens distintas, das artes visuais ao cinema, da propaganda ao design, da moda de rua à moda das revistas, a fotografia em suas diversas modalidades, inclusive no jornalismo, das imagens efêmeras do teatro até as “imagens” sonoras da música, ou da miscigenação entre elas. Isto porque acreditamos que, ao acessar os modos de funcionamento da instauração dos efeitos de sentido em um texto qualquer, se enriquece e estimula o acesso a diferentes textos e linguagens, entre outras possibilidades. É um tema inesgotável e quase nunca explorado no ensino de arte e aqui propomos parâmetros para análises comparativas.
O ensino de história da moda no sul do país
Authors:   Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianópolis, SC, Sant'Anna Mara Rúbia
Published: February 2019

Estudo exploratório a partir de dados coletados junto às instituições de ensino superior de Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul, tendo como objetivo discutir a dimensão do ensino de história da moda nos cursos de Design de Moda, cotejando a importância do desenvolvimento da consciência histórica crítica dos estudantes e, para tanto, são analisados as metodologias de ensino aplicadas e os objetivos gerais que as motivaram conforme encontrados nos planos de ensino pesquisados, bem como, ponderados a formação e capacitação dos professores atuantes no ensino de história na época da pesquisa de campo. Os resultados indicam um caminho de reflexão a ser percorrido tanto por instituições de ensino como por parte dos professores e profissionais envolvidos no trabalho universitário.
O Trabalho docente universitário como prática relacional: assuntos, saberes e instituições
Authors:   Universidade Nacional do Sul, Argentina, Walker Verónica Soledad
Published: February 2019

Este artigo discute a dimensão relacional do trabalho docente universitário a partir da análise da bibliografia especializada e das informações coletadas por meio de entrevistas realizadas por professores universitários argentinos e espanhóis. Sugere-se que o trabalho docente constitua uma prática social que coloca os professores em um quadro de múltiplas relações com outros sujeitos, conhecimentos específicos, instituições particulares e com a sociedade em geral. Ao longo da escrita, analisam-se as relações entre colegas e as formas adquiridas pela cultura do trabalho docente na Universidade; As características que a ligação estudantil assume; O vínculo entre os professores e a instituição universitária e a organização da sociedade, bem como a relação com certos saberes que requerem o exercício do trabalho docente universitário. O reconhecimento da rede de múltiplos relacionamentos, dos quais os professores exercem seu trabalho cotidiano, permite que pensem no ensino como uma prática heterogênea atravessada por múltiplas tensões.
Intervenção pedagógica em modelagem: construindo a base do corpo feminino sob um novo olhar
Authors:   Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina – Campus Gaspar, R. Adriano Korman, 456, Bela Vista, 89110-971 Gaspar - SC, Macedo Káritha Bernardo de ,   Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Centro de Artes, 1907, Av. Me. Benvenuta - Itacorubi, 88035-901, Florianópolis - SC, Brasil., Alves Andressa Schneider ,   Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina – Campus Gaspar, R. Adriano Korman, 456, Bela Vista, 89110-971 Gaspar - SC
Published: February 2019

Este trabalho refere-se à intervenção pedagógica realizada na unidade curricular “Modelagem”, com carga de 80h, da 7a fase (turma V7) do Curso Técnico Integrado ao Ensino Médio em Vestuário, do Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Gaspar. Com a intervenção, espera-se apresentar alternativas e aprimoramentos para o estado atual da referida unidade curricular. Assim, o objetivo foi capacitar as alunas a compreender o processo de planificação do corpo feminino, e a construírem a base do corpo feminino tomando suas medidas individuais como parâmetro, a fim de obter uma base de modelagem com encaixe adequado e anatômico. Para tanto, aplicou-se um projeto de quatro etapas, distribuídas em três encontros de quatro horas cada: 1) Apresentação expositiva e visual sobre os conceitos iniciais da modelagem; 2) Tirar medidas do corpo humano (do colega); 3) Moulage da base do corpo feminino utilizando manequim; 4) Construção da base do corpo feminino a partir das técnicas de modelagem plana. Notou-se que os exercícios das etapas 1, 2 e 3 foram constantemente acessados para possibilitar a compreensão da construção da modelagem plana, de forma que a experiência se provou muito útil.
A inclusão das culturas afrobrasileira e africana nas grades curriculares dos cursos de Moda e Indumentária
Authors:   Universidade Federal de São João del Rei, Martins Morgana Fernandes , Costa Carla Aparecida da
Published: February 2019

O presente artigo pretende contribuir para o debate acerca da Lei brasileira 10.639/03, que em 2018 completou quinze anos de existência. O artigo faz um recorte temático e traz como foco central o ensino da cultura africana e afro-brasileira nas escolas de moda. A relevância deste tema consiste na reflexão sobre a importância da introdução nos currículos escolares do conteúdo que aborda prioritariamente um dos três eixos de formação sociocultural brasileira: a cultura africana. Para o desenvolvimento desse estudo serão abordados materiais teóricos de autores que analisam as perspectivas da Lei 10.639/03 e seus reflexos no âmbito da educação. Pesquisas e publicações de Kabenguele Munanga e Nilma Lino Gomes contribuem para a reflexão sobre a metodologia do ensino da história e culturas africana e afro-brasileira no contexto escolar. A partir desses estudos, buscaremos compreender os motivos pelos quais as escolas de moda ainda possuem resistência em aplicar a Lei, sendo elas umas das grandes formadores de comportamento e pensamento que podem contribuir de forma positiva para o combate ao racismo.
A modelagem por trás dos moldes: experiências em sala de aula
Authors:   IFMA - Instituto Federal do Maranhão, Lima Márcio Soares , Silva Lucilene Rodrigues da , Uchôa Jandeina Maria Barbosa , Noronha Raquel Gomes ,   Universidade Federal do Maranhão - UFMA
Published: February 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é identificar, analisar, confeccionar e testar os roteiros de confecção de moldes que são apresentados por autores nos cursos de vestuário, com o intuito de tornar um aprendizado mais acessível e dinâmico. A dificuldade de didática nas disciplinas de modelagem reuniu professores do IFPI e IFMA com a intenção de refletirem sobre essas práticas. As ferramentas metodológicas utilizadas na pesquisa foram entrevistas e grupo focal, com alunos e professores envolvidos no contexto. Encontramos, como resultados preliminares de uma pesquisa em andamento, discrepâncias de entendimentos dos roteiros, interpretações variadas no passo a passo, além de identificarmos folgas de grande proporção no molde básico. Essas características nos impulsionam a continuarmos a pesquisa e desejarmos entender as dificuldades e facilidades de cada roteiro de confecção de moldes propostos aos estudantes da área de vestuário.
Ensino da inclusão na moda: uma proposta pedagógica
Authors:   FURB, Scoz Emanuella , Arruda Niguelme Cardoso ,   IFSC Criciúma
Published: February 2019

Este artigo aborda o ensino da inclusão na Moda e teve a participação do grupo de para desporto de Blumenau. Descreve-se aqui uma atividade pedagógica iniciada em Maio de 2017 com alunos de um curso de Moda na modalidade presencial, que levou seis meses para ser concluída. A atividade foi baseada nos princípios da reforma de Córdoba, de ensinar para a sociedade, com objetivo de refletir o ensino da inclusão na Moda e o papel do profissional de Moda ao desenvolver coleções. Traz uma discussão sobre as transformações do trabalho inspirada em o Adeus ao Trabalho de Antunes (1995), para abordar os objetivos e os resultados da atividade, a mudança no percurso da atividade e as conclusões, provindas dos estudantes, da existência de uma Moda exclusiva e segregadora.
The cellular basis of mechanosensory Merkel-cell innervation during development
Authors: Jenkins Blair A , Fontecilla Natalia M , Lu Catherine P , Fuchs Elaine , Lumpkin Ellen A
Published: February 2019

Touch sensation is initiated by mechanosensory neurons that innervate distinct skin structures; however, little is known about how these neurons are patterned during mammalian skin development. We explored the cellular basis of touch-receptor patterning in mouse touch domes, which contain mechanosensory Merkel cell-neurite complexes and abut primary hair follicles. At embryonic stage 16.5 (E16.5), touch domes emerge as patches of Merkel cells and keratinocytes clustered with a previously unsuspected population of Bmp4-expressing dermal cells. Epidermal Noggin overexpression at E14.5 disrupted touch-dome formation but not hair-follicle specification, demonstrating a temporally distinct requirement for BMP signaling in placode-derived structures. Surprisingly, two neuronal populations preferentially targeted touch domes during development but only one persisted in mature touch domes. Finally, Keratin-17-expressing keratinocytes but not Merkel cells were necessary to establish innervation patterns during development. These findings identify key cell types and signaling pathways required for targeting Merkel-cell afferents to discrete mechanosensory compartments.
A second HD mating type sublocus of Flammulina velutipes is at least di-allelic and active: new primers for identification of HD-a and HD-b subloci
Authors: Wang Wei , Mukhtar Irum , Chou Tiansheng , Jiang Siyuan , Liu Xinrui , van Peer Arend F. , Xie Baogui
Published: February 2019

Background

Sexual development in Flammulina velutipes is controlled by two different mating type loci (HD and PR). The HD locus contains homeodomain (Hd) genes on two separate HD subloci: HD-a and HD-b. While the functionality of the HD-b sublocus has been largely confirmed, the status and content of the HD-a sublocus has remained unclear.

Methods

To examine the function of the HD-a sublocus, genome sequences of a series of F. velutipes strains were analyzed and tested through series of amplification by specific primer sets. Furthermore, activity of di-allelic HD-a locus was confirmed by crossing strains with different combinations of HD-a and HD-b subloci.

Results

Sublocus HD-b contained a large variety of fixed Hd1/Hd2 gene pairs, while the HD-a sublocus either contained a conserved Hd2 gene or, a newly discovered Hd1 gene that was also conserved. Identification of whole HD loci, that is, the contents of HD-a and HD-b subloci in a strain, revealed that strains with similar HD-b subloci could still form normal dikaryons if the two genes at the HD-a sublocus differed. At least di-allelic HD-a sublocus, is thus indicated to be actively involved in mating type compatibility.

Conclusions

HD-a sublocus is active and di-allelic. Using the new information on the HD subloci, primers sets were developed that specifically amplify HD-a or HD-b subloci in the majority of F. velutipes strains. In this way, unknown HD mating types of F. velutipes can now be quickly identified, and HD mating type compatibility conferred by HD-a or HD-b can be confirmed by PCR.
From data compilation to model validation: a comprehensive analysis of a full deep-sea ecosystem model of the Chatham Rise
Authors: McGregor Vidette L. , Horn Peter L. , Fulton Elizabeth A. , Dunn Matthew R.
Published: February 2019

The Chatham Rise is a highly productive deep-sea ecosystem that supports numerous substantial commercial fisheries, and is a likely candidate for an ecosystem based approach to fisheries management in New Zealand. We present the first end-to-end ecosystem model of the Chatham Rise, which is also to the best of our knowledge, the first end-to-end ecosystem model of any deep-sea ecosystem. We describe the process of data compilation through to model validation and analyse the importance of knowledge gaps with respect to model dynamics and results. The model produces very similar results to fisheries stock assessment models for key fisheries species, and the population dynamics and system interactions are realistic. Confidence intervals based on bootstrapping oceanographic variables are produced. The model components that have knowledge gaps and are most likely to influence model results were oceanographic variables, and the aggregate species groups ‘seabird’ and ‘cetacean other’. We recommend applications of the model, such as forecasting biomasses under various fishing regimes, include alternatives that vary these components.
Tracking down the lizards from Gravenhorst's collection at the University of Wrocław: type specimens ofCallopistes maculatusGravenhorst, 1838 and threeLiolaemusspecies rediscovered
Authors: Borczyk Bartosz , Skawiński Tomasz
Published: February 2019

Johann Ludwig Christian Gravenhorst’s herpetological collection at the Museum of Natural History, University of Wrocław included numerous important specimens of amphibians and reptiles. The majority, if not the entirety, of this collection has long been thought to be lost. However, we were able to rediscover some type specimens of lizards. The rediscovered specimens include the holotypes ofLiolaemus conspersusandL. hieroglyphicus, one syntype ofCallopistes maculatus(here designated as the lectotype) and two syntypes ofL. lineatus(one of which is herein designated as the lectotype). Reexamination of these specimens indicates that previous synonymies proposed forL. conspersusand two syntypes ofL. hieroglyphicusare problematic; furthermore, more complex taxonomic work is needed to resolve this issue. Two rediscovered syntypes ofL. lineatusdiffer in several scalation traits and are possibly not conspecific. The type specimens of several other species of lizards from Gravenhorst’s collection (Liolaemus marmoratus,L. unicolorand two other syntypes ofL. lineatus,Leiocephalus schreibersiiandChalcides viridanus) were not found and are probably lost.
Population structure of the Pacific angel shark (Squatina californica) along the northwestern coast of Mexico based on the mitochondrial DNA control region
Authors: Ramírez-Amaro Sergio , Ramírez-Macías Dení , Vázquez-Juárez Ricardo , Flores-Ramírez Sergio , Galván-Magaña Felipe , Gutiérrez-Rivera Jesús N
Published: February 2019

Population structure has direct consequences on species evolution, local adaptation, and the capacity of a metapopulation to adapt to climate change. In this study we assess the genetic structure and demographic history of the Pacific angel shark, Squatina californica, along the northwestern coast of Mexico using the mitochondrial control region. Results showed high levels of genetic diversity and reveal genetic differentiation between the samples from the Pacific coast of the Baja California Peninsula and those from the Gulf of California. These genetic differences are consistent with ontogenetic differences previously reported for S. californica off the northwestern coast of Mexico. Our findings can be explained by the low dispersal ability and habitat preference of the angel shark and by the complex geomorphology off the northwestern coast of Mexico. Contrasting historical demographic patterns were observed: population expansion in the gulf and population stability, with a declining trend, in the Pacific; however, more studies are required to corroborate demographic patterns in both populations. Our results point to 2 distinct management units of the Pacific angel shark in the study area, and this may have direct implications for the management and conservation of this species in Mexico.
Carbon Rich Mangrove Forests: An Overview for Strategic Management and Climate Change Mitigation
Authors: Shedage Swati , Shrivastava P. K. , Behara L. K.
Published: February 2019

Carbon dioxide (CO2) once emitted to the atmosphere, takes centuries for natural removal. Every 4 giga tones of carbon (GtC) emitted to the atmosphere results in a rise of one ppm of CO2 in the atmosphere.  Mangroves growing near the coast play an important role in carbon sequestration by acting as sink for carbon, thereby receiving considerable international attention.  In India Mangroves occupy 4740 sqkm, about 3 % of the world’s mangrove cover. Sundarbans in India is the largest mangrove site in the world, colonized with many threatened animal species. The paper attempts to highlight the Carbon storage in Mangrove living biomass and sediments particularly of South Asian and Indian regions. Reviews suggest that C storage in mangroves at different climatic regions, sites, stands and different depths of soils store more carbon per unit area. All the reviews suggest that mangroves are a globally significant contributor to the carbon cycle.
Analysis of Occupational Hazards and Poverty Profile among Cassava Processors in Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Adepoju A. A. , Oladeebo J. O. , Toromade A. S.
Published: February 2019

The study examined effect of occupational hazards on poverty status of cassava processors in the study area. Specifically, the study profiled the cassava processors based on their poverty status and determined the factors influencing it. It identifies the general processing activities, the occupational hazard associated with cassava processing and safety measures used.

A multistage sampling technique was applied. Three local governments areas (LGAs) were purposively selected based on large cassava producers and processors in the area. Two wards each from the LGAs, forms the second stage and the processors were selected using. In all, 215 cassava processors from the study area were used for the study. Data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Ordinary least square regression analysis. The result showed that the mean age of the cassava processors is 48 years. It also revealed that majority of the cassava processor in the study area were women (86.51%) and married (77.21%). The mean household size in the study area was7 persons and it implies that the cassava processors had fairly large household size. The average years spent in school was 7 years. The regression analysis result revealed that poverty status of the cassava processors is influenced by household size (5%), work experience (10%), cost of treatment for eye irritation (5%) and general cut (1%). Inhalation of smoke ranked highest among the occupation hazard identified while the least rank in this category was damage done to the lungs due to inhaled smoke. The use of sun hats/ caps to prevent excessive heat ranked highest amongst the safety measure adopted to combat the occupational hazard.  It was recommended that extension agent should further enlighten and orientate the processors on the importance of using safety guards such as foot wear so as to prevent snake bite, use of modern methods of processing cassava that will minimize or eradicate the identified hazards in the study area.
Effect of Social Capital on Poverty Alleviation among Fish Farming Households in Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Adepoju A. A.
Published: February 2019

This study investigates the effect of social capital investment on poverty reduction among fish farming households of Oyo State, Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was adopted in the selection of the respondents. Primary data were collected using a structured questionnaire from a representative sample size of 359 households in four local government areas representing the four agricultural zones, namely Ibadan-ibarapa, Oyo, Ogbomoso and Saki in Oyo State, Nigeria. The study used a multinomial logit regression model to examine the effect of social capital on household poverty. The estimates of the regression model indicated that, in addition to the socio-economic characteristics of some households, social capital endowments have significant effect on the probability of a household being poor. The study concluded that, among other factors, social capital is very important in reducing household’s poverty. It was therefore recommended that stakeholders should be encouraged to invest in households’ social capital to accelerate poverty reduction among the fish farmers in the study area.
Artificial Intelligence: Opportunities, Issues and Applications in Banking, Accounting, and Auditing in Nigeria
Authors: Ukpong Eno Gregory , Udoh Imeofon Idongesit , Essien Iniabasi Thomas
Published: February 2019

Artificial Intelligence (AI) could be a game-changer for business generally and  professional services in particular. With the rapid developments in machine learning, data mining and cognitive computing, the next decade promises to see huge leaps forward. While the excitement over the potential applications of AI is understandable, there are issues related to adaptation and application in developing countries, particularly Africa and indeed, Nigeria. This paper reviews the nature of accounting and auditing problems and the need for application of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies to the discipline. The discussion includes current accounting issues for which new AI development should be fruitful, particularly auditing. This research employed both a qualitative and quantitative research design. The study was carried out using a descriptive survey research design, employing secondary quantitative data. This study was conducted in Nigeria using stakeholders such as bank executives and university dons with majors in accounting and economics from Universities in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Purposive sampling was used to select 45 stakeholders to form part of the sample. The researchers’ development instrument titled “Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Accounting in Africa Questionnaire” was used for data collection. The frequency and Mean were used to answer the research questions. This paper concludes with future roles of banks going forward and the impacts AI could have on auditing systems.
Impact of Institutional Rules on Policy Performance
Authors: Hai Do Phu
Published: February 2019

The objective of this research is to evaluate the impact of institutional rules on policy performance based on the background of public policy science. The policy performance is possibly affected by the institutional rules of the political system in certain policy fields. The focus of this article is to analyse the interaction of institutional rules which was observed in EU and OECD states with specific elements of the political system. The research was done by the minimum configuration analysis of these restraint impact of institutional rules on policy performance to toward sustainable development which is interpreted by studying 16 policy fields grouping regarding economic, social and environmental sustainability.
Partial Replacement of Ordinary Portland Cement with Sawdust Ash in Concrete
Authors: Gwarah L. S. , Akatah B. M. , Onungwe I. , Akpan P. P.
Published: February 2019

The investigation of sawdust ash (SDA) as a partial replacement for cement in concrete was studied owing to the high cost and increasing demand for cement in a harsh economy and considering the presence of limited construction materials and waste to wealth policy. Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) was replaced by 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% of SDA. Slump test and consistency test (flow table apparatus test) were conducted on the freshly mixed concrete sample, and compressive strength test was conducted on the hardened concrete cubes of 150mm2, which was cured between 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. The results revealed that the slump decreases as the SDA content increases in percentage, while the consistency of the freshly mixed concrete remarkably moves from high, medium to low as the SDA content increases. The compressive strength of the hardened concrete undergone a decrease in strength, as the partial replacement of OPC with SDA increases. By the results interpretation, it is observed that 5% to 10% SDA when replaced with OPC can still result in the desired strength of concrete.
Surveillance of Hepatitis B Biomarkers in Borno State, Nigeria
Authors: Oyinloye S. O. , Bukbuk D. N. , Sanda F. A.
Published: February 2019

Background: Hepatitis B virus infection is a major global health problem of public health importance. The World Health Organization (WHO) African Region has reported an approximately 100 million people with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and Nigeria has been classified as endemic.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to determine (i) the prevalence of hepatitis B infection (ii) the immune status to hepatitis B among patients (iii) the susceptibility rate.

Methods: A total of four hundred and ten (410) sera were collected at random from patients attending various hospitals in Borno state. A self-structured questionnaire was used to obtained demographic data which included age and sex, social status (e.g. trader, farmer, civil servant or student), pregnancy status, blood donor type. Sera samples were obtained for qualitative detection of HBsAg using rapid chromatographic immunoassays with test kits from Qingdao Hightop Biotech Co., China having sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 99%, 97% and 98.5% respectively.

Results: This is a first-phase result of a surveillance of hepatitis B biomarkers in Borno state Nigeria. The proportion of male (248:60.5%) was higher than female (162:39.5%). Out of the 410 samples assayed, overall prevalence of 7.1%, 2%, 0%, 47.1% and 45.6% for HBsAg (Hepatitis B surface antigen), HBsAb (anti-HBs), HBeAg (Hepatitis B envelop antigen), HBeAb (Anti-HBe) and HBcAb (Anti-HBcore) respectively were obtained. A total of 24.1% (7/29) of the HBsAg positives were negative for all other biomarkers suggesting new cases in the acute phase. The later comprise of 2 pregnant women, 1 blood donor, 3 farmers and 1 civil servant. Sixteen (3.9%) of the 410 samples were negative for all the biomarkers. Of these, 11(68.8%) were pregnant women, 1 private blood donor and 2 students and 2 civil servants. Gender-based prevalence of HBsAg among male was 8.5% (21/248) and 4.9% (8/162) among female. Out of 29/410 (7.1%) HBsAg positives, 89.7% (26/29) were between 15–34 years old. Out of 150 blood donors, the prevalence of HBsAg was 8.7% (13/150) while among 50 pregnant women it was 8% (4/50). HBsAg positivity proportion was (10/29) among students; civil servants (7/29); traders (6/29) and farmers (6/29).

Conclusion: Hepatitis B infection continues to be a public health hazard due to existence of susceptible individuals and emerging new cases as observed in this study. Therefore, routine vaccinations at all levels should be invigorated while continuous surveillance of the infection is maintained until population immunity can be achieved.
Nematicidal Properties of Moringa oleifera, Chromolaena odorata and Panicum maximum and their Control Effects on Pathogenic Nematodes of Yam
Authors: Mainoo Anthony A. , Banful Ben K.
Published: February 2019

A field study was conducted at Atonsu, Sekyere Central District, Ghana from 2013 to 2014, to (i) determine the effects of Moringa oleifera, Chromolaena odorata and Panicum maximum as ex-situ mulches, on soil nematodes population after two years of yam cropping and (ii) assess the effects of the soil nematodes on the yield and physical tuber quality of yam. The field experiment was a 3x3 factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The first factor was ex-situ mulch types at three levels; Panicum maximum (farmers’ choice), Chromolaena odorata and Moringa oleifera. The second factor was natural fallow aged systems at three levels:  3, 5, and 7 years old. Data collected included nematode population changes, total tuber yield of yam and tuber physical quality assessment. Generally, Meloidogyne spp., Pratylenchus spp., and Scutellonema spp. were the nematode genera identified. However, Scutellonema spp. was found to be the most pathogenic nematode affecting yam tuber yield and physical quality. Chromolaena and Moringa mulches suppressed Scutellonema spp. populations by 80.7% and 76.2% respectively as compared to the Panicum maximum mulch. The suppressed Scutellonema spp. population significantly contributed to higher tuber yields and good tuber physical quality under the M. oleifera and C. odorata mulches in comparison to the P. maximum mulch.
Comparative Study on the Effect of Matricaria chamomile and Achillea millefolium Capsules on Primary Dysmenorrhea Intensity of Dormitory Students of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, 2018
Authors: Radfar Shiva , Shahoie Roonak , Noori Bijan , Jalilian Fereshteh , Nasab Leila Hashemi
Published: February 2019

Background: Menstrual pain is the most common pain and one of the main causes of referral to a doctor among young women. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Achillea millefolium (Yarrow) and Matricaria chamomile plants to treat menstrual pain.

Methods: This double-blind randomized controlled trial study was performed on 50 female students of Kurdistan Medical Sciences residing in dormitory in 2018. Individuals were randomly divided into two groups of chmomile and yarrow using sealed envelopes. Twenty for people received 250 mg chamomile capsules every 8 hours and 26 people received 150 mg hydroalcoholic capsules of yarrow every 8 hours during the first three days of menstruation in two menstrual cycles. The data collection tool was a questionnaire and the severity of pain was assessed using visual analogue scale for the pain (VAS).

Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of pain severity and duration of pain before taking the drug (p > 0.05). The average pain severity in the first menstrual cycle in the two groups decreased significantly (p< 0.05), which was more noticeable in the yarrow group. However, the average pain severity in the yarrow capsule group was lower than that of the chamomile capsule group, but this difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: Both capsules of yarrow and chamomile reduce the severity of pain, but the yarrow capsule, with its long-lasting sedative effect, proved more helpful to reduce the severity of menstrual pain and could be effective in solving one of the issues among women.
Fuzzy adaptive control of a class of nonlinear systems with unmodeled dynamics
Authors: Shen Qikun , Shi Peng , Wang Shuoyu , Shi Yan
Published: February 2019

This paper investigates the tracking control problem for a class of pure‐feedback systems with unmodeled dynamics. The useful properties of the fuzzy basis functions and membership are explored to be used for stability analysis, and an alternative Lyapunov function depending on both control input and system state is utilized. Then, an adaptive fuzzy controller is designed to ensure that the tracking error is within a small adjustable neighborhood of the origin, where some conventional assumptions imposed on the unmodeled dynamics have been relaxed. Finally, simulation results are given to validate the theoretical results.
Electrical and Mechanical Self‐Healing in High‐Performance Dielectric Elastomer Actuator Materials
Authors: Zhang Yan , Ellingford Christopher , Zhang Runan , Roscow James , Hopkins Margaret , Keogh Patrick , McNally Tony , Bowen Chris , Wan Chaoying
Published: February 2019

Dielectric elastomers are of interest for actuator applications due to their large actuation strain, high bandwidth, high energy density, and their flexible nature. If future dielectric elastomers are to be used reliably in applications that include soft robotics, medical devices, artificial muscles, and electronic skins, there is a need to design devices that are tolerant to electrical and mechanical damage. In this paper, the first report of self‐healing of both electrical breakdown and mechanical damage in dielectric actuators using a thermoplastic methyl thioglycolate–modified styrene–butadiene–styrene (MGSBS) elastomer is provided. The self‐healing functions are examined from the material to device level by detailed examination of the healing process, and characterization of electrical properties and actuator response before and after healing. It is demonstrated that after dielectric breakdown, the initial dielectric strength can be recovered by up to 67%, and after mechanical damage, a 39% recovery can be achieved with no degradation of the strain–voltage response of the actuators. The elastomer can also heal a combination of mechanical and electrical failures. This work provides a route to create robust and damage tolerant dielectric elastomers for soft robotic and other applications related to actuator and energy‐harvesting systems.
Elaborately Modified BiVO4 Photoanodes for Solar Water Splitting
Authors: Kim Jin Hyun , Lee Jae Sung
Published: February 2019

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells for solar‐energy conversion have received immense interest as a promising technology for renewable hydrogen production. Their similarity to natural photosynthesis, utilizing sunlight and water, has provoked intense research for over half a century. Among many potential photocatalysts, BiVO4, with a bandgap of 2.4–2.5 eV, has emerged as a highly promising photoanode material with a good chemical stability, environmental inertness, and low cost. Unfortunately, its charge transport properties are modest, at most a hole diffusion length (Lp) of ≈70 nm. However, recent rapid developments in multiple modification strategies have elevated it to a position as the most promising metal oxide photoanode material. This review summarizes developments in BiVO4 photoanodes in the past 10 years, in which time it has continuously broken its own performance records for PEC water oxidation. Effective modification techniques are discussed, including synthesis of nanostructures/nanopores, external/internal doping, heterojunction fabrication, surface passivation, and cocatalysts. Tandem systems for unassisted solar water splitting and PEC production of value‐added chemicals are also discussed.
Nanoarchitectonics for Transition‐Metal‐Sulfide‐Based Electrocatalysts for Water Splitting
Authors: Guo Yanna , Park Teahoon , Yi Jin Woo , Henzie Joel , Kim Jeonghun , Wang Zhongli , Jiang Bo , Bando Yoshio , Sugahara Yoshiyuki , Tang Jing , Yamauchi Yusuke
Published: February 2019

Heterogenous electrocatalysts based on transition metal sulfides (TMS) are being actively explored in renewable energy research because nanostructured forms support high intrinsic activities for both the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein, it is described how researchers are working to improve the performance of TMS‐based materials by manipulating their internal and external nanoarchitectures. A general introduction to the water‐splitting reaction is initially provided to explain the most important parameters in accessing the catalytic performance of nanomaterials catalysts. Later, the general synthetic methods used to prepare TMS‐based materials are explained in order to delve into the various strategies being used to achieve higher electrocatalytic performance in the HER. Complementary strategies can be used to increase the OER performance of TMS, resulting in bifunctional water‐splitting electrocatalysts for both the HER and the OER. Finally, the current challenges and future opportunities of TMS materials in the context of water splitting are summarized. The aim herein is to provide insights gathered in the process of studying TMS, and describe valuable guidelines for engineering other kinds of nanomaterial catalysts for energy conversion and storage technologies.
3D Scaffolds to Study Basic Cell Biology
Authors: Hippler Marc , Lemma Enrico Domenico , Bertels Sarah , Blasco Eva , Barner‐Kowollik Christopher , Wegener Martin , Bastmeyer Martin
Published: February 2019

Mimicking the properties of the extracellular matrix is crucial for developing in vitro models of the physiological microenvironment of living cells. Among other techniques, 3D direct laser writing (DLW) has emerged as a promising technology for realizing tailored 3D scaffolds for cell biology studies. Here, results based on DLW addressing basic biological issues, e.g., cell‐force measurements and selective 3D cell spreading on functionalized structures are reviewed. Continuous future progress in DLW materials engineering and innovative approaches for scaffold fabrication will enable further applications of DLW in applied biomedical research and tissue engineering.
ATG7 Promotes Bladder Cancer Invasion via Autophagy‐Mediated Increased ARHGDIB mRNA Stability
Authors: Zhu Junlan , Tian Zhongxian , Li Yang , Hua Xiaohui , Zhang Dongyun , Li Jingxia , Jin Honglei , Xu Jiheng , Chen Wei , Niu Beifang , Wu Xue‐Ru , Comincini Sergio , Huang Haishan , Huang Chuanshu
Published: February 2019

Since invasive bladder cancer (BC) can progress to life threatening metastases, understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying BC invasion is crucial for potentially decreasing the mortality of this disease. Herein, it is discovered that autophagy‐related gene 7 (ATG7) is remarkably overexpressed in human invasive BC tissues. The knockdown of ATG7 in human BC cells dramatically inhibits cancer cell invasion, revealing that ATG7 is a key player in regulating BC invasion. Mechanistic studies indicate that MIR190A is responsible for ATG7 mRNA stability and protein overexpression by directly binding to ATG7 mRNA 3′‐UTR. Furthermore, ATG7‐mediated autophagy promotes HNRNPD (ARE/poly(U)‐binding/degradation factor 1) protein degradation, and in turn reduces HNRNPD interaction with ARHGDIB mRNA, resulting in the elevation of ARHGDIB mRNA stability, and subsequently leading to BC cell invasion. The identification of the MIR190A/ATG7 autophagic mechanism regulation of HNRNPD/ARHGDIB expression provides an important insight into understanding the nature of BC invasion and suggests that autophagy may represent a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of human BC patients.