bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anatomical, histological, and histochemical alterations in portio vaginalis uteri with an evaluation of the vaginal artery vascularity during the luteal and early pregnant stages in domestic buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)
Authors: Abouelela Yara S. , Shaker Nora A. , El-Shahat Khaled H. , Bashir Dina W. , El-Sherbiny Hossam R. , Abdelnaby Elshymaa A.
Published: December 2023

The portio-vaginalis uteri (PVU) and its mucus secretion have shown an essential role in conception. A significant endeavour to improve buffaloes' reproductive efficiency is the investigation of their basic reproductive pattern, which provides a reference for applications in breeding and pregnancy. The present study aimed to evaluate the anatomical and histological alterations in PVU regarding to the vaginal artery (VA) hemodynamic at luteal and early pregnant stages in buffalos. Egyptian live buffaloes (n = 16) and fresh genitals (n = 25) of mature buffalo were used. Different luteal and early pregnant stages were macroscopically identified with the shape and mucosal colouration with discharges of the PVU. Histological examination showed a significant difference in area % of alcian blue and periodic acid Schiff positive granules which considered an indication for presence of acidic and neutral mucins respectively in the epithelial cells of PVU mucosa which increased in pregnant stage than in other luteal stages. VA assessment demonstrated an increase in luminal diameter and thickness of tunica muscularis in pregnant stage than other stages (P < 0.05). Middle uterine (MUA) and VA arteries peak velocity point (PSV mm/sec) were elevated (P < 0.05) in pregnant stage, with a marked reduction in both resistance and pulsatility indices (RI and PI), and ratio of systolic /diastolic (S/D). Positive correlation was detected between VA. PSV and, MUA. PSV (r = 0.87), but a negative relation was detected with VA. S/D (r = -0.77), VA.PI (r = -0.89), VA. RI (r = -0.97), MUA. S/D (r = -0.94), MUA. PI (r = -0.85), and MUA. RI (r = -0.88). Doppler indices were negatively corrected with the VA. PSV (r = -0.68). It was concluded that there was a significant alterations in histological features of the cervical PVU at different physiological stages (luteal and early pregnant) in buffalos in relation to the MUA and VA hemodynamic pattern and that hypotheses can be established regarding the female cyclicity that affected by both arteries hemodynamics change.
Identification of risk factors for ewe mortality during the pregnancy and lambing period in extensively managed flocks
Authors: Flay K. J. , Chen A. S. , Yang D. A. , Kenyon P. R. , Ridler A. L.
Published: December 2023

Background

Ewe mortality during pregnancy and lambing is an issue for sheep producers globally, resulting in reduced productivity and profitability, compromised ewe welfare, and poor consumer perception. Despite these negative consequences, there was little investigation into factors associated with ewe death during this time. Therefore, this study aimed to assess associations between ewe body condition score (BCS), weight, reproductive parameters, and risk of mortality during pregnancy and lambing.

Methods

Four cohorts from three commercial New Zealand farms participated, with 13,142 ewe lambs enrolled and followed over time. Data were collected for five consecutive lambings. Visits aligned with key on-farm management times, specifically: prior to breeding, at pregnancy diagnosis (PD), prior to lambing (set-stocking), and, at weaning of their lambs. At each visit, ewes were weighed, BCS assessed and reproductive status was recorded when relevant (litter size at PD and lactation status after lambing). Ewes that died or were culled were recorded, and any ewes that were absent from consecutive visits were presumed dead. Logistic regressions were developed to assess the relationship between weight and BCS at each visit, PD result (single or multiple-bearing) and lactation status (wet or dry) in each year, and, risk of mortality during the pregnancy and lambing period in each year.

Results

In the PD to weaning period, mortality incidence ranged from 6.3 to 6.9% for two-tooth (18-months-old at breeding) to mixed-age (54-months-old at breeding) ewes. For ewe lambs (7 to 8-months-old at breeding), mortality was 7.3% from set-stocking to weaning. Heavier ewe lambs at PD were less likely to die during lambing (OR: 0.978, p = 0.013), as were those with greater set-stocking BCS. In subsequent years, BCS was a predictor of ewe death, with odds of mortality greatest for ewes < BCS 2.5. Additionally, for poorer BCS ewes, increasing weight reduced risk of mortality, but there was no impact of increasing weight in greater BCS ewes.

Conclusions

This study identified risk factors associated with ewe mortality during the pregnancy and lambing period. Flock owners can use these to either cull at-risk ewes or proactively intervene to reduce likelihood of mortality, thereby improving flock productivity, profitability and welfare.
Prognosis prediction based on methionine metabolism genes signature in gliomas
Authors: Zhou Sujin , Zhao Xianan , Zhang Shiwei , Tian Xue , Wang Xuepeng , Mu Yunping , Li Fanghong , Zhao Allan Z. , Zhao Zhenggang
Published: December 2023

Background

Glioma cells have increased intake and metabolism of methionine, which can be monitored with 11 C-L-methionine. However, a short half-life of 11 C (~ 20 min) limits its application in clinical practice. It is necessary to develop a methionine metabolism genes-based prediction model for a more convenient prediction of glioma survival.

Methods

We evaluated the patterns of 29 methionine metabolism genes in glioma from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). A risk model was established using Lasso regression analysis and Cox regression. The reliability of the prognostic model was validated in derivation and validation cohorts (Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas; CGGA). GO, KEGG, GSEA and ESTIMATE analyses were performed for biological functions and immune characterization.

Results

Our results showed that a majority of the methionine metabolism genes (25 genes) were involved in the overall survival of glioma (logrank p and Cox p < 0.05). A 7-methionine metabolism prognostic signature was significantly related to a poor clinical prognosis and overall survival of glioma patients (C-index = 0.83). Functional analysis revealed that the risk model was correlated with immune responses and with epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Furthermore, the nomogram integrating the signature of methionine metabolism genes manifested a strong prognostic ability in the training and validation groups.

Conclusions

The current model had the potential to improve the understanding of methionine metabolism in gliomas and contributed to the development of precise treatment for glioma patients, showing a promising application in clinical practice.
Impact of stress hyperglycemia ratio, derived from glycated albumin or hemoglobin A1c, on mortality among ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients
Authors: Liao Wang , Chen Yuwen , Gao Qiyue , Gan Rongrong , Li Ming , Liu Zhenliang , Liang Jiasheng , Cui Henghua , Ren Kaida , Liu Yabin , Wang Zhengdong , Jiang Jun , Wei Qucheng
Published: December 2023

Background

Stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR), associated with adverse outcomes in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), has several definitions. This study aims to assess the prognostic value of SHR, derived from hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) or glycated albumin (GA), to mortality.

Methods

The study comprised 1,643 STEMI patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in two centers. SHR1 was calculated using fasting blood glucose (FBG)/GA, while SHR2 was calculated using the formula FBG/(1.59*HbA1c-2.59). The primary endpoints were in-hospital death and all-cause mortality, with a median follow-up duration of 1.56 years.

Results

Higher SHR1 and SHR2 values are associated with increased risks of in-hospital death and all-cause mortality. Each standard deviation increase in SHR1 corresponded to a 39% and 22% escalation in in-hospital death and all-cause mortality, respectively. The respective increases for SHR2 were 51% and 26%. Further examinations validated these relationships as linear. Additionally, the areas under the curve (AUC) for in-hospital death were not significantly different between SHR1 and SHR2 (p > 0.05). Incorporating SHR1 or SHR2 into the base model significantly improved the discrimination and risk reclassification for in-hospital and all-cause mortality. A subgroup analysis revealed that the effects of SHR1 and SHR2 were more pronounced in patients with hypercholesteremia.

Conclusion

SHR1 and SHR2 have emerged as robust and independent prognostic markers for STEMI patients undergoing PCI. The SHR calculation based on either HbA1c or GA can provide additional predictive value for mortality beyond traditional risk factors, helping to identify high-risk STEMI patients.
People’s political views, perceived social norms, and individualism shape their privacy concerns for and acceptance of pandemic control measures that use individual-level georeferenced data
Authors: Kwan Mei-Po , Huang Jianwei , Kan Zihan
Published: December 2023

Background

As the COVID-19 pandemic became a major global health crisis, many COVID-19 control measures that use individual-level georeferenced data (e.g., the locations of people’s residences and activities) have been used in different countries around the world. Because these measures involve some disclosure risk and have the potential for privacy violations, people’s concerns for geoprivacy (locational privacy) have recently heightened as a result, leading to an urgent need to understand and address the geoprivacy issues associated with COVID-19 control measures that use data on people’s private locations.

Methods

We conducted an international cross-sectional survey in six study areas (n = 4260) to examine how people’s political views, perceived social norms, and individualism shape their privacy concerns, perceived social benefits, and acceptance of ten COVID-19 control measures that use individual-level georeferenced data. Multilevel linear regression models were used to examine these effects. We also applied multilevel structure equation models (SEMs) to explore the direct, indirect, and mediating effects among the variables.

Results

We observed a tradeoff relationship between people’s privacy concerns and the acceptance (and perceived social benefits) of the control measures. People’s perceived social tightness and vertical individualism are positively associated with their acceptance and perceived social benefits of the control measures, while horizontal individualism has a negative association. Further, people with conservative political views and high levels of individualism (both vertical and horizontal) have high levels of privacy concerns.

Conclusions

Our results first suggest that people’s privacy concerns significantly affect their perceived social benefits and acceptance of the COVID-19 control measures. Besides, our results also imply that strengthening social norms may increase people’s acceptance and perceived social benefits of the control measures but may not reduce people’s privacy concerns, which could be an obstacle to the implementation of similar control measures during future pandemics. Lastly, people’s privacy concerns tend to increase with their conservatism and individualism.
Magnitude and factors associated with sexual re-victimization among adolescent girls and young women in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo: a retrospective multicenter study
Authors: Biluala Fifiya , Kayembe Harry César , Batumbo Doudou , Kapour Germain , Mumbanza Félicitée , Bokabo Eric , Longo-Mbenza Benjamin , Zinga Berthe
Published: December 2023

Background

Adolescent girls and young women are more exposed to sexual violence. A significant proportion of victims of sexual abuse are victims of sexual re-victimization. However, information on the burden of sexual re-victimization among AGYW in contexts other than conflict-affected areas in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) is limited. The aim of this study was to assess the magnitude of sexual re-victimization among AGYW and to identify associated risk factors in the capital, Kinshasa.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective multicenter cohort study in which sexual violence records between 2015 and 2020 were used to extract and analyze victims’ sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics and profiles of sexual violence perpetrated. Multivariate logistic regression models were employed to identify factors associated with sexual re-victimization using the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with its 95% confidence interval (95% CI) and p value < 0.05.

Results

We found that 74 (31%) of the 241 AGYW included in this study had experienced sexual re-victimization. Sexual re-victimization was associated with being older (> 19 years), sexually active, and living in a single-parent family, and with perpetrator types, particularly intimate partners and family members.

Conclusions

Our findings provide tools for developing and implementing targeted prevention and intervention programs to reduce sexual violence in general and sexual re-victimization in particular.
Association of hardware removal with secondary osteonecrosis following femoral neck fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jiang Qilong , Deng Yu , Liu Yang , Zhao Zhi , Chen Yu , Bai Xinwen , Hong Hao
Published: December 2023

Background

It has been controversial that whether hardware removal will increase the risk of osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH) in fracture-healed patients who underwent internal fixation for femoral neck fractures (FNFs). This meta-analysis aimed to clarify the association of hardware removal with secondary hardware removal-induced ONFH (HR-ONFH).

Methods

Four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library) were searched for eligible studies published up to March 10, 2023. Studies reporting the relative risk of hardware status (i.e., risk rate, odds ratio [OR], or hazard ratio [HR]) were included. Newcastle–Ottawa scale (NOS) was used to assess risk of bias of included observational studies. Review Manager software was used to pool ORs and adjusted ORs.

Results

Five studies were included into quantitative synthesis. Hardware removal was associated with a reduced risk of HR-ONFH in the synthesis of crude odds ratios (OR, 0.62, 95% CI 0.39–0.96). In the synthesis of adjusted odds ratios, hardware removal was associated with an increased risk of HR-ONFH (OR, 1.76, 95% CI 1.23–2.51).

Conclusion

This study demonstrates that hardware removal was associated with an increased incidence of HR-ONFH in fracture-healed patients who underwent internal fixation due to FNFs.
Impact of informal caregiving on caregivers’ subjective well-being in China: a longitudinal study
Authors: Cheng Mingmei , Yang Hualei , Yu Qian
Published: December 2023

Background

While informal caregiving is crucial for improving and maintaining health of the elderly, there is limited evidence of its potential effect on caregivers’ wellbeing. Understanding this effect is important for policy makers to design effective long-term care policies. This longitudinal study aims to investigate the impact of informal caregiving on caregivers’ subjective wellbeing in China.

Methods

Three waves (2016, 2018, 2020) of data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) are constructed for empirical analysis. Ordered logit model is first used to estimate the effect. Fixed effects ordered logit model and mixed effects ordered logit model are further employed to control for the possible bias from unobserved individual heterogeneity.

Results

Informal caregiving significantly reduces caregivers’ subjective wellbeing and the negative effect is stronger for high-frequency caregivers. Subgroup analysis reveals that informal caregiving imposed greater negative impacts on women, those living in rural areas, being married, working, and living separately from parents. Further analysis of mechanism indicates that decrease in wage income, leisure and sleep time were channels through which informal caregiving affects caregivers’ well-being.

Conclusion

When policy makers formulate sustainable long-term care policies and home support services, interventions to improve caregivers’ stress-coping skills and ensure their engagement in leisure and social activities could be adopted to mitigate the negative effects on caregivers’ subjective well-being.
Experimental Investigation on the Properties of Sustainable Pervious Concrete with Different Aggregate Gradation
Authors: Zhang Junyu , Sun Haoran , Shui Xiaotian , Chen Wenxuan
Published: December 2023

Pervious concrete (PC) as a green infrastructure material has been increasingly used due to its positive environmental impacts, such as controlling storm water runoff, removing water pollutants and reducing heat island effect. The aggregate gradation is a critical factor influencing the physical properties of PC. Therefore, this paper represents an attempt to determine the effects of aggregate gradation on the various physical properties of PC, and then to explore relationships between them. To this end, three aggregate gradations 4.75–9.5 mm, 9.5–19 mm and 19–31.5 mm were recombined with various proportions (20–80%) to obtain five different gradations named as A, B, C, D and E. PC mixtures were prepared with these five aggregate gradations. Then, physical and mechanical properties of PC including porosity, permeability, compressive strength and water stability were investigated, according to the available specification. The results suggested that it was feasible to use waste concrete for permeable pavement, because all the specimens provided required specification requirements. Different linear relationships were also found between the maximum aggregate size and porosity, permeability coefficient, compressive strength and its loss rate. That is, porosity and permeability increased with the proportion of larger size aggregate increased, however, compressive strength reduced. Thus the compressive strength had an inverse correlation with the porosity and water permeability. Among five different aggregate gradations, group C (20% of 4.75–9.5 mm aggregate, 50% of 9.5–19 mm aggregate and 30% of 19–31.5 mm aggregate) can be seen as the optimum gradation and is suitable for base layer materials of permeable pavements.
The classification of obesity based on metabolic status redefines the readmission of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma—an observational study
Authors: Dong Hang , Guo Honglin , Du Jing , Cheng Yiping , Wang Dawei , Han Junming , Yuan Zinuo , Yao Zhenyu , An Ran , Wu Xiaoqin , Poulsen Kyle L. , Wang Zhixiang , Shao Shanshan , Fan Xiude , Wang Zhen , Zhao Jiajun
Published: December 2023

Background

The relationship between obesity and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) was controversial, which may be due to the crudeness definition of obesity based on body mass index (BMI). As obesity and metabolic abnormalities often coexist, we aimed to explore whether the classification of obesity based on metabolic status can help to evaluate the real impact of obesity on the readmission of NHL.

Methods

In this retrospective cohort study, utilizing the 2018 Nationwide Readmissions Database, we identified NHL-related index hospitalizations and followed them for non-elective readmission. The patients with NHL were classified as metabolically healthy non-obese (MHNO) and obese (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy non-obese (MUNO) and obese (MUO). Readmission rates for each phenotype were calculated at 30-day intervals. Multiple COX regression was used to analyze the association of metabolic-defined obesity with 30-day, 90-day, and 180-day readmission rates in patients with NHL.

Results

There were 22,086 index hospitalizations with NHL included. In the multivariate COX regression, MUNO was associated with increased 30-day (HR = 1.113, 95% CI 1.036–1.195), 90-day (HR = 1.148, 95% CI 1.087–1.213), and 180-day readmission rates (HR = 1.132, 95% CI 1.077–1.189), and MUO was associated with increased 30-day (HR=1.219, 95% CI: 1.081-1.374), 90-day (HR = 1.228, 95% CI 1.118–1.348), and 180-day readmission rates (HR = 1.223, 95% CI 1.124–1.33), while MHO had no associations with readmission rates.

Conclusions

The presence of metabolic abnormalities with or without obesity increased the risk of non-selective readmission in patients with NHL. However, obesity alone had no associations with the risk of non-selective readmission, suggesting that interventions for metabolic abnormalities may be more important in reducing readmissions of NHL patients.
A mobile phone intervention to reduce heavy drinking: a preliminary analysis of anchoring heuristics
Authors: Palacios-Delgado Jorge , Garduño Fabiola Aimeé Guerrero
Published: December 2023

Background

Preliminary evidence has been presented for interventions focused on preventing alcohol consumption or reducing the occurrence of episodes of excessive drinking. The anchoring text message intervention is a newly proposed theory-based approach to reducing heavy drinking among youth. The current study tests the preliminary efficacy of this intervention for reducing heavy drinking among Mexican youth.

Methods

Focusing on a sample of sixteen Mexican youths—nine not-heavy drinkers and seven heavy drinkers—the participants completed a survey on alcohol consumption and anchoring heuristics. Pretest and post-test questionnaire data were collected to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention. The anchoring text messages consisted of strategies to limit alcohol use and feedback reminder messages. Assessments were conducted at baseline, four weeks of intervention, and post-intervention.

Results

Logistic regression analyses indicated a significant effect on heavy drinking episodes post-intervention. The post-intervention anchoring effects among the heavy drinker participants were different from those among the non-heavy drinkers in terms of reporting heavy drinking and future drinking. The anchoring heuristic-based intervention reduced the quantity of drinking and the future estimation of drinking and improved the ability to reject alcohol in the heavy drinker group.

Conclusions

These findings provide preliminary support for the effectiveness of the anchoring heuristic-based intervention, conducted through text messages sent by mobile phone to reduce alcohol consumption. The intervention promoted a reduction in alcohol consumption. Future research should be directed toward investigating the anchoring effects among heavy drinkers.
The toxic tango: TKI and ICI cardiotoxicities
Authors: Del Cid Fratti Juan , Paleru Vijayasree , Bajaj Madhuri , Bhardwaj Chetan
Published: December 2023

Background

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) are effective for several types of cancers, but they can have several cardiotoxicity sides effects. We present a case of TKI-ICI toxicity resulting in multiorgan inflammatory syndrome with myocarditis and thrombotic STEMI that were successfully treated with high-dose steroids and PCI.

Case presentation

Seventy-two year-old man patient treated with on pembrolizumab 200 mg IV every 3 weeks and Axitinib 5 mg PO q12h for the past 5 months complained of acute shortness of breath, altered mental status, and chronic diarrhea. Coronary angiography demonstrated a thrombotic lesion in the right coronary artery (RCA) that was treated successfully with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Despite PCI he continued to complain of shortness of breath further workup with Cardiac MRI (CMR) was obtained showed an ejection fraction of 38%, small pericardial effusion, and delayed gadolinium enhancement (DGE) in the inferior wall suggestive of myocarditis. An empirical trial of high-dose steroids improved all patient symptoms and ejection fraction; therefore, the chemotherapy regimen was changed.

Conclusion

This case report highlights the potential vasculogenic effects of Axitinib and immune-related myocarditis of pembrolizumab. Cardiologists and oncologists should be vigilant for the cardiotoxic effects of Axitinib and pembrolizumab.
Chromosome-1 abnormalities in Childhood B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia – An analysis with reference to clinical variables and survival outcome
Authors: Mansoor Neelum , Rafiq Naila , Jamal Saba , Ehsan Aamir
Published: December 2023

Background: Chromosome-1 abnormalities (C1As) are common genetic aberrations in hematological malignancies. We sought to evaluate significance of these abnormalities with reference to clinical characteristics and survival outcome in a pediatric B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-ALL) cohort.

Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted in cytogenetic section of Indus Hospital and Health Network. Data was retrieved from October 2020 to July 2022 for childhood B-ALL cases exhibiting C1As. Chromosome analysis was performed on Cytovision MB8 using G-banded metaphases derived from unstimulated bone marrow culture. Results were recorded according to the International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (ISCN-2020). Data analyzed using SPSS, version 24.0.

Results: C1As were observed in 60/450 (13.3%) cases of B-ALL. Among C1As, 29 (48%) cases had t(1;19). There were 13 (45%) balanced and 16 (55%) unbalanced translocations. The aberrations without t(1;19) were seen in 31 (52%) cases including 1q duplication with hyperdiploidy in 14 (45%) cases. The median age for C1As with and without t(1;19) was eight years and six years while the median leukocyte count was 32 x 109/L vs. 17 x 109/L. Event-free survival (EFS) for cases with and without t(1;19) was 69% and 74.2% respectively.

Conclusion: Despite the fact that the t(1;19) positive group had a higher median age, a higher white cell count and more CNS positives, the difference in EFS is statistically insignificant when compared to the t(1;19) negative cases. Furthermore, we found a survival difference between balanced and unbalanced t(1;19) groups, which is statistically insignificant but warrants large-scale prospective studies for further understanding.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.2(ICON).8946

How to cite this: Mansoor N, Rafiq N, Jamal S, Ehsan A. Chromosome-1 abnormalities in Childhood B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia – An analysis with reference to clinical variables and survival outcome. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(2):S47-S52. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.2(ICON).8946

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Case Report: Role of comprehensive rehabilitation In gaining recovery in a rare case of Polymyositis
Authors: Seth Nikita H. , Deodhe Nishigandha , Qureshi Irshad
Published: December 2023

Polymyositis (PM) is an inflammatory myopathy, a group of illnesses characterized by the presence of inflammatory infiltrates in striated muscle. Proximal muscular weakness is the most common clinical symptom of polymyositis. The exact cause of polymyositis is uncertain, however current research points to an autoimmune condition. We report a rare case of 27-year-old female that presented with the complaints of weakness in upper and lower limbs bilaterally for 2 years which was gradually progressive in nature along with difficulty in swallowing. So after physiotherapy assessment the patient was advised to undergo blood investigations which suggested an increased creatinine phosphokinase enzyme level along with reduced vitamin B12. To make a confirmatory diagnosis the patient underwent electromyography which suggested the presence of myopathy. Although polymyositis is more common in people aged 50 to 70 years this case suggests that it can have an earlier presentation. So along with medical management, a structured physiotherapy protocol was planned. Early diagnosis and management is key to recovery and better quality of life.
Cleaning aunts and police uncles in action. Unveiling gender dynamics in Estonian compound words
Authors: Kaukonen Elisabeth
Published: December 2023

This paper focuses on the use of compound words ending with tädi ‘aunt’ and onu ‘uncle’ in the 2021 Estonian Web Corpus. The aim is to determine the frequencies and semantic categories of such compounds as well as to analyze how occupational titles that incorporate these gender-specific words are used. Therefore, this paper primarily seeks to understand why terms related to kinship, like tädi and onu, are integrated into compound words denoting occupations. The data is subjected to corpus-assisted discourse analysis, revealing that compound words ending with tädi and onu express various semantic categories, and these occupational titles serve several purposes in Estonian public discourse. Additionally, the study shows that such compounds carry gender stereotypes and that titles ending with tädi are more often associated with lower prestige.
Kokkuvõte. Elisabeth Kaukonen: Koristajatädid ja politseionud tegustemas. Tuvastades soodünaamikat eesti keele liitsõnadest. Artikkel keskendub tädi- ja onu-lõpuliste liitsõnade kasutusele 2021. aasta eesti keele veebikorpuses, eesmärgiga välja selgitada seesuguste sõnade esinemissagedused ja tähendusrühmad. Lähemalt on analüüsitud tädi- ja onu-lõpulisi ametisõnu. Seega püüab artikkel peamiselt vastust leida küsimustele, miks kasutatakse sugulusele osutavaid termineid, nagu tädi ja onu, ametit väljendavates liitsõnades ning millised on seesuguste sõnade kasutusmustrid. Materjali analüüsiti korpuspõhise diskursuseanalüüsi meetodiga. Tulemused näitavad, et tädi- ja onu-lõpulised liitsõnad väljendavad mitmesuguseid tähendusvaldkondi ning et sellistel ametisõnadel on eesti keele avalikus diskursuses palju kasutusvõimalusi – näiteks kasutatakse tädi- ja onu-liitsõnu nii positiivses kui ka negatiivses tähenduses. Sellele lisaks on tulemustest ilmne, et seesugused liitsõnad ja nende kasutus peegeldavad soostereotüüpe ning et tädi-lõpulised liitsõnad on sageli seotud madalama prestiižiga kui onu-lõpulised.
Krążenie wokół przepaści. Warianty zakończeń „Nie-Boskiej komedii” i wieczne pytania
Authors: Tomaszewska Grażyna B.
Published: December 2023

W artykule interpretacyjnej uwadze poddano warianty Nie-Boskiej komedii Zygmunta Krasińskiego, a zwłaszcza różne jej zakończenia. Pozwala na to najnowsza edycja dramatu w opracowaniu Magdaleny Bizior-Dombrowskiej (Toruń 2017). Materiał edytorski umożliwia wnikliwsze przyjrzenie się bezpośrednim, organicznym niemal związkom Krasińskiego z tworzonym dziełem, niejako wiecznie niezakończonym. Unaocznia także szczególnie wyraziście uporczywość pytań związanych z kierunkiem rozwoju ludzkiej społeczności i nadzieją, że istnieje jednak jakaś droga wyjścia z kręgu, w którym ustawicznie dochodzi do triumfu nienawiści, zbrodni, śmierci. Na różne warianty zakończenia można by spojrzeć jak na wciąż niesatysfakcjonujące formy „pozytywnej” odpowiedzi, że taka nadzieja istnieje, mimo nieoczywistości zarówno pozytywnych, jak i negatywnych ludzkich wartości. Taka perspektywa pozwala przyjrzeć się i współczesnym marzeniom/zaklęciom organizującym imaginarium człowieka XXI wieku.
Bałamutny diabeł. O polskiej twórczości Józefa Juliana Sękowskiego (pogranicza i romantyczny kanon)
Authors: Węgrzyn Iwona
Published: December 2023

W prezentowanym artykule omówiono specyfikę polskiej twórczości Józefa Juliana Sękowskiego – powszechnie znanego jako rosyjski prozaik i wydawca „Bibljotieki dla Cztenija”. Wbrew wcześniejszym ustaleniom Mieczysława Inglota udało się wykazać, że wiele niepodpisanych artykułów publikowanych na łamach „Bałamuta” w latach 1830–1836 wyszło spod pióra Sękowskiego. Stanowią one ciekawy przykład kontynuacji tradycji kręgu „Wiadomości Brukowych”, ale przede wszystkim są świadectwem zainteresowania ich autora współczesnością. Jak wykazują badania Louisa Pedrottiego i Melissy Frazier, twórczość Sękowskiego może być potraktowana jako intrygujący przykład „romantycznych spotkań” – Wschodu i Zachodu, peryferii i centrum, tradycji i nowoczesności, wreszcie literatury i prasy. Z perspektywy badań nad polskim wiekiem XIX może zaś stanowić uzupełnienie zbudowanego na „paradygmacie mickiewiczowskim” kanonu romantycznego. Prezentowany artykuł jest także propozycją przedyskutowania szans wydania polskich utworów Sękowskiego.
Wydania poezji Mieczysława Romanowskiego wobec tyrtejskiego kanonu poety
Authors: Chołojczyk Magdalena
Published: December 2023

Mieczysław Romanowski jest jednym z nielicznych poetów krajowych, którzy doczekali się tak wielu wydań swojej poezji. Niewątpliwy talent, a także otaczająca go legenda „poety-powstańca” przyczyniły się do tego, że podczas gdy inni krajowi romantycy popadli w zapomnienie, utwory Romanowskiego wciąż były wydawane. Legenda bohatera powstania styczniowego sprawiała jednak, że każda z tych edycji kreowała tyrtejski kanon twórczości poety. Dawały one bowiem złudne wrażenie, że jego poezja była poświęcona jedynie sprawie narodowowyzwoleńczej.
Autorka artykułu przygląda się temu, przy pomocy jakich zabiegów edytorskich tworzono tyrtejski kanon poety, i skoncentrowała się zwłaszcza na czterotomowym wydaniu Jana Amborskiego z 1883 roku. To właśnie Amborski, przygotowując swoją edycję, dokonywał selekcji rękopisów Romanowskiego, tym samym wskazując, które utwory są według niego warte zapamiętania ze względu na ich patriotyczny charakter.
W artykule pokazano, jak bardzo potrzebna jest nowa edycja krytyczna tekstów poety; edycja, która obejmowałaby nie tylko tyrtejski wybór jego utworów, ale także sięgała po nieznane dotąd autografy o różnorodnej tematyce. Takie wydanie ukazałoby nam inny – o wiele bogatszy i bardziej skomplikowany – obraz Romanowskiego jako twórcy. Dzięki niemu zyskamy świadomość, że nasza dotychczasowa wiedza o dorobku literackim tego najwybitniejszego przedstawiciela ostatniej generacji romantyków ograniczała się głównie do legendy „poety-powstańca”.
Mickiewicz przemawia obrazem
Authors: Taranek-Wolańska Olga
Published: December 2023

Rec. Poezye Adama Mickiewicza, t. 1, teksty poetyckie tłumaczyła R. Koženiauskienė, publikację przygotowała R. Griškaitė, ilustracje wykonał S. Eidrigevičius, Vilniaus Universiteto Leidykla, Wilno 2022.
Przewodnik edytorski za 2023 rok
Authors: Płońska Katarzyna , Bukowski Filip
Published: December 2023

Przewodnik edytorski za 2023 rok.
Convergence Analysis of Accelerated Stochastic Gradient Descent Under the Growth Condition
Authors: Chen You-Lin , Na Sen , Kolar Mladen
Published: December 2023

We study the convergence of accelerated stochastic gradient descent (SGD) for strongly convex objectives under the growth condition, which states that the variance of stochastic gradient is bounded by a multiplicative part that grows with the full gradient and a constant additive part. Through the lens of the growth condition, we investigate four widely used accelerated methods: Nesterov’s accelerated method (NAM), robust momentum method (RMM), accelerated dual averaging method (DAM+), and implicit DAM+ (iDAM+). Although these methods are known to improve the convergence rate of SGD under the condition that the stochastic gradient has bounded variance, it is not well understood how their convergence rates are affected by the multiplicative noise. In this paper, we show that these methods all converge to a neighborhood of the optimum with accelerated convergence rates (compared with SGD), even under the growth condition. In particular, NAM, RMM, and iDAM+ enjoy acceleration only with a mild multiplicative noise, whereas DAM+ enjoys acceleration, even with a large multiplicative noise. Furthermore, we propose a generic tail-averaged scheme that allows the accelerated rates of DAM+ and iDAM+ to nearly attain the theoretical lower bound (up to a logarithmic factor in the variance term). We conduct numerical experiments to support our theoretical conclusions.
Arthroscopic findings after manipulation under anesthesia in idiopathic capsulitis of the shoulder: A prospective study
Authors: Mlv Sai Krishna , Mittal Ravi , Chauhan Nitin
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

Manipulation under anesthesia (MUA) of the shoulder joint is a commonly used method for the treatment of adhesive capsulitis. Though it has been known to be associated with a variety of complications, there is a paucity of studies describing the arthroscopic findings after MUA.

AIM

To describe the arthroscopic findings in patients with idiopathic adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder after MUA.

METHODS

We recruited 28 patients with idiopathic adhesive capsulitis who underwent arthroscopic capsular release. Manipulation of the shoulder was performed under anesthesia in all of these patients before capsular release. Intra-articular findings were recorded during arthroscopic capsular release in these patients.

RESULTS

All patients showed the presence of synovitis. Twenty-seven patients showed tears in the capsule on the anterior aspect. One patient had an avulsion of the anterior rim of the glenoid and labrum following the manipulation. Four patients had partial rotator cuff tears, and one patient showed a superior labrum anterior posterior lesion, which was not diagnosed preoperatively on magnetic resonance imaging.

CONCLUSION

MUA leads to rupture of the capsule, which is the desired outcome. However, the site of rupture of the capsule is dependent on the maneuvers of MUA. In addition, partial tears of the rotator cuff and osteochondral fractures of the glenoid can also occur.
Adult localized Langerhans cell histiocytosis: A case report
Authors: Yang Pan-Pan , Hu Su-Ye , Chai Xu-Ya , Shi Xiao-Meng , Liu Li-Xia , Li Ling-E
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare clonal proliferative disease of Langerhans cells with unknown pathogenesis. An increasing number of clinicians recognize that LCH has a wide clinical spectrum and a highly varied course. Adults rarely develop LCH. Here, we report a case of adult localized LCH.

CASE SUMMARY

A 32-year-old woman presented with plaques and ulcers on the vulva and crissum, accompanied by pain that persisted for more than one year. Physical examination revealed a red-infiltrating plaque with ulcerations and exudates in the vulva and crissum. Pathological examination revealed a diffuse infiltration of lymphocytes, eosinophilic granulocytes, and histiocytoid cells in the superficial dermis. Proliferative histiocytoid cells showed mild atypia, partly with kidney-shaped nuclei. Immunohistochemical examination showed that the histiocytoid cells were positive for S100 protein and CD1 and weakly positive for CD68 (20% +), with a Ki-67 index of 30%. Laboratory tests did not reveal any other systemic damage. The patient was diagnosed with adult localized LCH and was prescribed oral prednisone (20 mg) once daily. The skin lesions gradually improved and are still being followed-up.

CONCLUSION

Adult localized LCH is rare and must be differentiated from other common conditions.
Anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein antibody and anti-aquaporin-4 antibody double-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: A case report
Authors: Jin Ting-Yu , Lin Bing-Tong , Dai Li-Jv , Lu Xia , Gao Han , Hu Jin
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

A case of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) with positive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) anti-aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4-IgG) and anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein IgG (GFAP-IgG) at the time of relapse was reported. The exact roles of GFAP-IgG in NMOSD are not fully understood and are the subject of ongoing research. This study revealed the possible connection between GFAP-IgG and the occurrence or development of diseases.

CASE SUMMARY

A 19-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital due to a constellation of symptoms, including dizziness, nausea, and vomiting that commenced 1 year prior, reoccurred 2 mo ago, and were accompanied by visual blurring that also began 2 mo ago. Additionally, she presented with slurred speech and ptosis, both of which emerged 1 mo ago. Notably, her symptoms deteriorated 10 d prior to admission, leading to the onset of arm and leg weakness. During hospitalization, magnetic resonance imaging showed high T2-fluid attenuated inversion recovery signals, and slightly high and equal diffusion-weighted imaging signals. The serum antibody of AQP4-IgG tested positive at a dilution of 1:100. CSF antibody testing showed positive results for GFAP-IgG at a dilution of 1:10 and AQP4-IgG at a dilution of 1:32. Based on these findings, the patient was diagnosed with NMOSD. She received intravenous methylprednisolone at a daily dose of 500 mg for 5 d, followed by a tapering-off period. Afterward, the rate of reduction was gradually slowed down and the timely use of immunosuppressants was implemented.

CONCLUSION

The CFS was slightly GFAP-IgG-positive during the relapse period, which can aid in the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
Biomimetic vascularized adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells bone-periosteum graft enhances angiogenesis and osteogenesis in a male rabbit spine fusion model
Authors: Fu Tsai-Sheng , Chen Wei-Chuan , Wang Ying-Chih , Chang Chia-Wei , Lin Tung-yi , Wong Chak-Bor
Published: December 2023

Aims

Several artificial bone grafts have been developed but fail to achieve anticipated osteogenesis due to their insufficient neovascularization capacity and periosteum support. This study aimed to develop a vascularized bone-periosteum construct (VBPC) to provide better angiogenesis and osteogenesis for bone regeneration.

Methods

A total of 24 male New Zealand white rabbits were divided into four groups according to the experimental materials. Allogenic adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) were cultured and seeded evenly in the collagen/chitosan sheet to form cell sheet as periosteum. Simultaneously, allogenic AMSCs were seeded onto alginate beads and were cultured to differentiate to endothelial-like cells to form vascularized bone construct (VBC). The cell sheet was wrapped onto VBC to create a vascularized bone-periosteum construct (VBPC). Four different experimental materials – acellular construct, VBC, non-vascularized bone-periosteum construct, and VBPC – were then implanted in bilateral L4-L5 intertransverse space. At 12 weeks post-surgery, the bone-forming capacities were determined by CT, biomechanical testing, histology, and immunohistochemistry staining analyses.

Results

At 12 weeks, the VBPC group significantly increased new bone formation volume compared with the other groups. Biomechanical testing demonstrated higher torque strength in the VBPC group. Notably, the haematoxylin and eosin, Masson’s trichrome, and immunohistochemistry-stained histological results revealed that VBPC promoted neovascularization and new bone formation in the spine fusion areas.

Conclusion

The tissue-engineered VBPC showed great capability in promoting angiogenesis and osteogenesis in vivo. It may provide a novel approach to create a superior blood supply and nutritional environment to overcome the deficits of current artificial bone graft substitutes.

Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2023;12(12):722–733.
The modified Spitzy shelf acetabuloplasty for the dysplastic hip
Authors: Oe Kenichi , Iida Hirokazu , Otsuki Yosuke , Kobayashi Fumito , Sogawa Shohei , Nakamura Tomohisa , Saito Takanori
Published: December 2023

Aims

Although there are various pelvic osteotomies for acetabular dysplasia of the hip, shelf operations offer effective and minimally invasive osteotomy. Our study aimed to assess outcomes following modified Spitzy shelf acetabuloplasty.

Methods

Between November 2000 and December 2016, we retrospectively evaluated 144 consecutive hip procedures in 122 patients a minimum of five years after undergoing modified Spitzy shelf acetabuloplasty for acetabular dysplasia including osteoarthritis (OA). Our follow-up rate was 92%. The mean age at time of surgery was 37 years (13 to 58), with a mean follow-up of 11 years (5 to 21). Advanced OA (Tönnis grade ≥ 2) was present preoperatively in 16 hips (11%). The preoperative lateral centre-edge angle ranged from -28° to 25°. Survival was determined by Kaplan-Meier analysis, using conversions to total hip arthroplasty as the endpoint. Risk factors for joint space narrowing less than 2 mm were analyzed using a Cox proportional hazards model.

Results

The mean Merle d'Aubigné clinical score improved from 11.6 points (6 to 17) preoperatively to 15.9 points (12 to 18) at the last follow-up. The survival rates were 95% (95% confidence interval (CI) 91 to 99) and 86% (95% CI 50 to 97) at ten and 15 years. Multivariate Cox regression identified three factors associated with radiological OA progression: age (hazard ratio (HR) 2.85, 95% CI 1.05 to 7.76; p = 0.0398), preoperative joint space (HR 2.41, 95% CI 1.35 to 4.29; p = 0.0029), and preoperative OA (HR 8.34, 95% CI 0.94 to 73.77; p = 0.0466).

Conclusion

Modified Spitzy shelf acetabuloplasty is an effective joint-preserving surgery with a wide range of potential indications.

Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2023;4(12):932–941.
VISÃO HISTÓRICA DA AVALIAÇÃO: DA AVALIAÇÃO CLASSIFICATÓRIA À AVALIAÇÃO FORMATIVA
Authors: De Magalhães Franco Oliveira Heslem , Neri de Souza Dayse , Neri de Souza Francislê
Published: December 2023

Este artigo evoca o panorama da avaliação escolar destacando a avaliação em larga escala. Faz referência ao seu percurso histórico desde o início do século XX. Apresenta o caminho da avaliação da aprendizagem ao nível internacional e nacional, abordando os olhares de educadores sobre a avaliação diagnóstica, formativa, somativa e avaliação em larga escala ou avaliação externa, ressaltando a importância de o professor utilizar a avaliação como função básica didática-pedagógica, em que serve de instrumento para melhoria da aprendizagem. Para isso, seguimos uma metodologia de revisão de narrativa histórica com sistematização de teóricos brasileiros e sobre três tipos de avaliações. Os resultados desta revisão teórica mostram a complexidade do tema da avaliação na educação, destacando a necessidade de uma abordagem mais inovadora. Enfatiza historicamente que a avaliação não deve ser apenas um meio de classificar os alunos ou as instituições, mas sim um processo contínuo que contribui para a melhoria da aprendizagem, incentivando a aprendizagem ativa dos alunos e o desenvolvimento de habilidades e competências.
Verbal Violence and Patterns of Words: Poe, Bowles, and an Alternative American Tradition
Authors: Reese Sam
Published: December 2023

In 1950, Paul Bowles published the influential volume of short stories The Delicate Prey , which he dedicated, obliquely, to Poe. This article considers the hitherto neglected relationship between Bowles and Poe, and the ways in which Bowles’s short stories adapted formal and stylistic aspects from his imagined literary ancestor. It also examines the cultural conditions that influenced Bowles’s invocation of Poe and, by analyzing the critical reception of Bowles’s anthology, suggests some of the reasons that Poe himself was out of place in mid-twentieth-century America.
The Southern Origins of Bohemian New York: Edward Howland, Ada Clare and Edgar Allan Poe
Authors: Whitley Edward
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT: The first Americans to identify as artistic bohemians gathered at a Manhattan beer cellar in the 1850s. They counted Walt Whitman as one of their number, and considered Edgar Allan Poe a bohemian avant la lettre . But New York’s first bohemians were not displaced Parisians living in a section of the Latin Quarter magically transplanted to the United States. Rather, bohemianism in the United States has roots in Charleston, South Carolina—the hometown of both Ada Clare (the “Queen of Bohemia” and host of a weekly literary salon) and Edward Howland (the financial backer for the bohemians’ literary weekly, the New York Saturday Press) , as well as the setting of Poe’s “The Gold-Bug” (1843), which influenced the first literary representation of American bohemianism in Fitz-James O’Brien’s short story “The Bohemian” (1855). Charleston’s cotton plantations provided Howland and Clare with the money to fund the institutions that were essential for bohemianism to flourish: the periodical and the salon. With Poe at the imaginative center of American bohemia and Clare and Howland at its financial center, US bohemianism emerges as a complex network of people, money, and ideas circulating between the North and the South as well as New York and Paris.