bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Racial and Religious Determinants of Terrorism in Western Europe
Authors: Marysyuk Kostyantyn B. , Huzela Mykhailo V. , Slotvinska Nataliia D. , Svoboda Ivo , Kudrya Igor G.
Published: January 2022

The gradual rapprochement between peoples, cultures, beliefs involve numerous conflicts with indigenous peoples on ethnic or religious grounds. These conflicts tend to turn into articulation of radical positions and extremist activities. The aim of this study was to analyze the current state of terrorist acts and identify the determinants of terrorism on racial and religious grounds in Western Europe. The statistical method, comparison, graphic analysis, analysis of the Global Index of Terrorism; The European Union reports on the situation and trends of terrorism, as well as the research on terrorism-related issues for 2011-2021, were used as empirical research methods. It is determined that the UK, France, Germany, Greece, Belgium, Spain, Italy, and Sweden are subject to the highest risk of terrorist acts. It was proved that the determinants of terrorism are localized in relation to key issues related to the state of the economic sphere, social development, as well as the spiritual and cultural sphere. Emphasis is placed on the need to overcome the problems associated with terrorist activities by formulating a policy of national means of resolving ethnic and racial issues and active international cooperation. Further research will identify key determinants of terrorism in Eastern Europe.
European Union as a Set of New Values in State-Building Processes in EU Enlargement Candidate Countries
Authors: Gerasymova Elvira M. , Kutsepal Svitlana V. , Vykhovanets Zorina S. , Kravchenko Olena P. , Yukhymenko Nataliia F.
Published: January 2022

The aim of the research was to analyze the latest values of the EU in the context of their adaptation in the process of state-building in the candidate countries for enlargement with a view to reforming the legal field of the States. The main method was the observation method as a component of the experimental procedure with subsequent interpretation of the results (description). The results of the study demonstrate the axiological importance of the EU’s main values. At the same time, the need for a gradual implementation of reforms in the sphere of state-building is argued, given the desirability of preserving national identity. It is concluded that the low level of adaptation of the EU pyramid of core values is corroborated and confirmed by statistical data, which requires a qualitative transformation of the reform strategy of the state-building processes of the candidate countries for EU enlargement. Scientific research was concerned with the search for the optimal and effective concepts of the integrated application of European values in the state-building processes in the candidate countries for EU enlargement.
Legality of Applying Coercive Medical Measures in Criminal Law
Authors: Kalinina Iryna V. , Kupriienko Volodymyr M. , Shulhan Iryna I. , Pylypenko Dmytro O. , Kozeratska Olena A.
Published: January 2022

The objective of the study was to determine the legality of the application of coercive medical measures and to develop recommendations to improve the legislative regulation of their use. The study included data on the number of offenders with mental disorders; the empirical background was the decision of the European Court of Human Rights on the application of coercive medical measures; provisions of the legislation of 31 countries. Methods of system approach, comparison, descriptive analysis, pragmatic approach, prognosis were used. The national criminal law of most states regulates the application of coercive medical measures to persons who have committed a crime in a state of limited sanity or insanity or have acquired it before sentencing or during the execution of the sentence, but its practical application causes several complications. It is concluded that the legislative definition of coercive medical measures corresponds to human rights legislation. But there are problems with its practical application. Proposals were made to amend national and international legislation: to broaden the range of grounds for the application of coercive medical measures; regulate the possibility of early termination of a coercive medical measure; oblige the courts to determine the appropriate terms.
Criminal Liability of Legal Entities for Environmental Crimes: Problems of Law Enforcement Practice
Authors: Danylevska Yuliia O. , Sokur Tetiana A. , Bodnaruk Oleksandr M. , Shevchuk Andrii V. , Stratiy Oleksiy V.
Published: January 2022

The aim of the article was to conduct a comparative legal analysis of the features and problems of criminal prosecution of legal entities for environmental crimes. The research objectives were fulfilled through modern methods of cognition. The leading practical method was the method of observation. The study allowed to form a conceptual understanding of theoretical ideas about environmental crimes of legal entities in Ukraine. Currently, Ukraine is trying to focus in its legislative innovations on the implementation of progressive approaches to the introduction of a comprehensive institution of criminal law measures regarding the liability of these entities. Relevant legal mechanisms and comments identified in the practice of the European Union and substantiated by scholars, can be implemented in the legislation of Ukraine. Amendments to the rules governing the procedure for effective prevention of environmental crimes by legal entities are proposed. It seems reasonable to introduce an active monitoring analysis of anthropogenic activities of companies, and the creation of special units to identify relevant violations. The mechanisms for implementing the set of preventive and monitoring measures outlined in the article, set the background for further scientific research.
Criminal Liability for Providing Inaccurate Information about the Spread of the COVID-19 Epidemic
Authors: Danylevskyi Andrii A. , Akimov Mykhailo A. , Kutsenko Vladyslav I. , Savka Oleksandr I. , Leonenko Tetiana Ye.
Published: January 2022

The aim of this study was to identify problems related to the establishment of criminal liability for providing inaccurate information about the spread of the Covid-19 epidemic, and propose the ways to solve them. To aim involved the following methods: systemic approach, descriptive statistics, comparative approach, descriptive analysis, pragmatic approach, and forecasting. The effectiveness of health authorities’ response to outbreaks of diseases depends on the completeness and accuracy of the information disseminated. In fact, national legislations do not provide criminal liability for providing inaccurate information about the epidemiological situation in a pandemic. Therefore, there is a need to develop Interim Guidelines to ensure the accuracy of information on the epidemiological situation in a pandemic. A rule that criminalizes the provision of inaccurate information or the dissemination of inaccurate information about the incidence in an epidemic and/or pandemic, should be one of the rules on liability for crimes against national security, and should be punishable by imprisonment for a certain period and deprivation of the right to hold certain positions and engage in certain activities. This study is not exhaustive and opens up prospects for further research in this area.
Protection of the Rights of Persons Who Have Lost Their Jobs Because of the Spread of COVID-19
Authors: Kyian Volodymyr Ya. , Kolosov Ruslan V. , Bilianska Nataliia V. , Churpita Hanna V. , Dovban Igor M.
Published: January 2022

The aim of the study was to identify possible ways to protect the rights of people who have lost their jobs due to the spread of COVID-19, and thus to analyze the effectiveness of international experience. The information in this article is obtained by three methods: direct observation, comparison, and analysis of the content of the documents. However, at the beginning of the pandemic, the regulation of guarantees and social protection of the rights of dismissed people was not enough. In the future, job seekers must learn the skills of the most popular professions and specialties: in the field of healthcare, in the field of digital technology and transportation. In turn, government programs should promote the reconversion of the most vulnerable groups in the labor market through free courses and online learning programs, and assistance in the employment of people with disabilities. It is concluded that, during the pandemic, most countries modified their labor regulations and provided labor subsidies to preserve jobs. However, during recovery after the pandemic, governments in all countries must change their approach.
Suicide in the era of digital transformations (crime investigation practices)
Authors: Pidykov Petro P. , Roshchina Inna O. , Servetsky Ivan V. , Bondarenko Olena G. , Bondarenko Yevhen V.
Published: January 2022

The objective of this article was to identify the characteristics of crime investigation in the action of provoking someone's suicide on the Internet, identifying the main problems, characteristics of the investigation and prospects for improvement of the crime investigation methodology. For the development of the article the following methods were used to meet the objectives: comparative legal method, historical and comparative methods, which made it possible to analyze the state, problems, and prospects for the development of Ukrainian legislation in the field of liability for causing someone to commit suicide. The article also involves the method of systematization, which provided the opportunity to study the genesis and changes in the legislation that regulates the matter. It was concluded that there was a lack of good practices and an effective system for investigating Internet crimes, due to the peculiarities of the development and use of the Internet, as well as rapid technological advancement. Comparing the experience of the EU and the US, it was determined that preventive and educational functions are the main ones in this area, helping to prevent relevant crimes.
Experience in the legal regulation of international cooperation in police activity
Authors: Mykhailyk Oleksandr , Yurakh Vitalii , Denysiuk Denys , Korniichenko Anastasia , Shevchenko Nadiya
Published: January 2022

The objective of the research was to reveal the experience in the legal regulation of international collaboration in the police and further define opportunities to use this experience in Ukraine. The need to study the successful experience of administrative and legal regulation of international police cooperation, is emphasized in order to determine the possibility of using this experience proactively, and developing ways to improve the quality of administrative and legal regulation of international police cooperation in Ukraine. Materials and methods based on the analysis of documentary sources were used. It is concluded that the main advantages of administrative and legal regulation of international police cooperation in the investigated countries, should be taken into account to improve the mechanism of administrative and legal regulation of international cooperation in the National Police of Ukraine, with respect to implementing better and more effective provisions of its activities, which includes: introduction of special international training programs, retraining, advanced training (internship) of police personnel for the creation of an institute for international cooperation in various spheres of its activity.
Problems of implementing international digitalisation standards of criminal investigation
Authors: Bozhyk Valerii I. , Streliuk Yan V. , Maziychuk Vitaliy A. , Voightko Anatoliy O. , Kokoshko Myroslava V. , Kisliy Anatoliy M.
Published: January 2022

The study consisted of identifying the existing problems in the implementation of international standards of digitization of criminal investigation at the legislative level. The research was carried out in stages as a summary, based on the logic of presentation of the material, to achieve and meet the objectives set out in the article. The method of direct observation, the method of comparison and analysis of the content of the documents, the method of systemic and pragmatic approach were used. The key results of the study were the analysis of the experience of implementing digital standards in forensic activities in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Denmark, England, Austria, Estonia, and Ukraine. It is concluded that the problems that exist in the implementation of these standards, were identified from the criteria of evaluation of the efficiency and capacity of digital data processing by the agencies involved in the criminal investigation. In addition, the problems and difficulties faced by the authorities in implementing existing international digitization standards, indicate the need for comprehensive measures to organize criminal investigations. To overcome them, appropriate measures must be taken in the field of legislative changes.
Criminal protection of children's life and health: international experience
Authors: Babanina Viktoria , Ivashchenko Vita , Grudzur Oleg , Oleksandr Yurikov
Published: January 2022

Through a documentary methodology, the article examines the characteristics of the criminal protection of the life and health of children in Ukraine and some other countries. The problem of determining the time of the beginning of the protection of a child's life and health, is analyzed in the light of the European experience. It is noted that in Ukraine it is necessary to recognize the right to live of the child at any stage of fetal development, to ensure the criminal protection of the child before birth. This approach is enshrined in several international legal acts, as well as confirmed by legal guarantees in the legal systems of many countries around the world. In addition, the article analyzes criminal law measures to guarantee the rights and interests of the child under modern Ukrainian law. The list of socially dangerous acts against minors is a result, so reinforced criminal liability is provided for considering the interests of minors. It has been concluded that in all post-Soviet countries the components of crimes against a person's health, considering the legislator's reaction to causing harm to the health of children during their commission, are clearly divided into three separate groups.
Principles of administrative procedural law of Ukraine in the modern conditions of the present time
Authors: Denysyuk Stanislav , Lata Natalya , Samonova Viktoriia , Morshynin Yevhen , Dzihora Yelyzaveta
Published: January 2022

The objective of the research was to analyze the regulations of administrative law and the doctrine of administrative procedural law, in terms of determining the nature and transcendence of the basic principles that underpin its structure, social orientation, and basic properties of the legal regulation of this branch of law, and that, in addition, create the appropriate organizational and functional conditions for administrative procedure activities. Materials and methods of documentary research were implemented. Everything allows us to conclude that the principles of administrative procedural law can be divided into those that directly reflect the specificity and content of this branch of law, determine its characteristics, purpose, objectives, and intention, and, on the other hand, administrative procedural principles, that is, basic principles enshrined in the administrative procedure. It does not undergo significant changes, which determines the nature and content of the activities of all subjects of administrative procedural relations in general.
The Role of Public Authorities in Combating Gender-Based Violence
Authors: Havronska Tetiana , Krasnolobova Iryna , Bortniak Valerii , Bondar Dmytro , Boiko Antonina
Published: January 2022

The objective of the research was to identify the factors that contribute to the increase in rates of gender-based violence and to clarify the role of the authorities in the fight against this problem. To achieve this objective, the following methods were used: statistical analysis, hypothetical-deductive model, factor analysis, generalization and analogy and correlation analysis. It was found that there is a negative relationship between the level of violence against women and the economic situation, the level of gender inequality, the level of development of social norms and the level of gender development (only for violence against women who are not intimate partners). A positive relationship between the level of gender development and the level of domestic violence was demonstrated. Factors that directly negatively affected rates of gender-based violence were identified: cultural, traditional, religious beliefs about the status of women in society; authorities' restrictions on the rights of individuals associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. The authorities' tools to counter gender-based violence were identified. The perspective of further research is the identification of the social and legal aspects of this global phenomenon.
El Fenómeno del votante ucraniano moderno: esencia, peculiaridades y tendencias de su desarrollo
Authors: Oleksenko Roman , Malchev Bogdan , Venger Olga , Sergiіenko Tetiana , Gulac Оlena
Published: January 2022

The article reveals the peculiarities of the modern Ukrainian voter as a special phenomenon in political science. The main objective of the research is to form a portrait of the modern voter based on data from some sociological surveys, as well as to address the emergence and formation of the image of a desirable candidate for the voter. Historical and statistical analysis methods as well as the comparison method were used. In the results they emphasize that in the personality of the voter we will understand a subject who makes a conscious choice of that political figure that he (the voter) considers capable of solving urgent problems of life, both State and of his person. In this regard, the focus is on revealing the moods in modern Ukrainian society, to describe the image of "an ideal candidate" in the eyes of a modern voter. Special attention was paid to personality as an integral element of the socio-political space and the worldview of the political and electoral sphere. It is concluded that the historical context is very important in the formation of the Ukrainian political environment, which makes us glimpse analytically the peculiarities of the meaning of the act of suffrage.
International Aspects of the Protection of Victims' Rights in the Conditions of Armed Conflict in Ukraine
Authors: Sosnina Olha , Mykytiv Oleksandr , Mykytiv Halyna , Kolenichenko Tetiana , Holovach Andrii
Published: January 2022

Using a comparative methodology based on documentary, the objective of the research was to analyze the international aspects involved in the defense of the rights of the victims of the armed conflict in eastern Ukraine. The priority of using military force to resolve questionable issues, national contradictions of an ethical, religious, political, territorial, economic, etc. nature that are in dispute, remains one of the essential characteristics of today's realities. Everything allows us to conclude that in almost all regions where there are armed conflicts, laws are violated and prohibited means and methods of warfare are used, related to the violation of the principles of distinction, of proportionality admitted in the process of artillery rocket attacks and air attacks of rockets and bombs, recruitment, training, financing and/or use of mercenaries in military activities, destruction of human settlements, executions in the form of intentional killings for reasons of hatred or political, ideological, racial, national, religious enmity, torture, among other inhumane behaviors and appalling atrocities, which by their nature and degree of brutality cannot go unpunished and constitute war crimes and crimes against humanity.
About the need to introduce a presumption of consent for organs transplantation and other human anatomical materials
Authors: Pороva Liliya , Pороva Svitlana , Krainyk Hrуhorii , Bandurka Iryna , Fedosova Olena
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the article is to discuss the need to introduce a presumption of consent for the transplantation of organs and other human anatomical materials in Ukraine. Therefore, the object of the study is the presumption of consent for organ transplantation. The authors of the article have used methods of deduction, analysis and synthesis, comparative, and legal methods. The need to make amendments to the legislation of Ukraine regarding the introduction of the presumption of consent for the transplantation of organs and other human anatomical materials from a person and the feasibility of the practical implementation of these changes, namely, mean a major improvement and elimination of problems in the field of transplantation. It is concluded that at present one of the main problems governing the matter is the absence of presumption of consent for transplantation in Ukrainian legislation and, at the same time, the lack of significant funding of the medical sector, together with the low awareness of the rights of actors involved in organ transplant processes.
Legal regulation of combating illegal migration in Ukraine and the EU
Authors: Kuryliuk Yurii , Slyvka Mariia , Kushnir Yaroslav
Published: January 2022

Through a methodology of legal interpretation and analyze the stages of formation of migration policy and legislation in Ukraine since its independence. It was determined that in the initial stage the main elements of the legal regulation of migration processes in Ukraine were the development of the legal framework on migration, the initiation of international cooperation and the creation of organizational structures that address migration issues. The article also analyzes the extensive system of normative acts developed in Ukraine today, aimed at the legal regulation of migration processes and the fight against illegal migration. In this context, the details of the fight against illegal immigration in EU countries are described. Finally, the guidelines for EU migration policy in the field of combating illegal immigration are studied. It is concluded that, unlike Ukraine, where the fight against illegal immigration is mainly limited to the establishment of prohibitions and fines for illegal immigrants, the EU has developed a system of incentives and measures aimed at supporting third countries, among other aspects.
Postmodern neoliberal discourses vs postfeminist theories and practices
Authors: Vlasova Tetiana , Vlasova Olha , Bilan Nataliia , Zavaruieva Inna , Bondarenko Larysa
Published: January 2022

The aim of the article is considered the conceptual reconstruction of the relationship between postmodern feminism and the notional field of contemporary neoliberalism. The analytical methods used were based on the assertion that the complexity of textual interventions requires interdisciplinary approaches. The findings and results of the research carried out accentuate that COVID-19 has contributed greatly to the contradictions of the current global landscape in the contexts of neoliberalism and feminism. Feminism asserts as a discourse that the conceptual apparatus of neoliberalism has not served its goals; in fact, postfeminism has not yet chosen its route in the neoliberal context. The assumption that women cannot win their “vindication battle” in the world where "the game is fixed" continues to be taken as an axiom, even though the coronavirus pandemic causes some observers to proclaim the return of influential governments and social contracts. The latter accentuates the role of female representation in neoliberal social, cultural, and political discourses at the global level.
Apuntes para la crítica del discurso progresista históricamente existente
Authors: Svitlana Krylova , Levchenko Lesia , Sulieimanova Liia , Khanas Ulyana , Kharchenko Larysa
Published: January 2022

From a dialectical hermeneutic methodology that discusses different ideological texts produced in particular political contexts of power, the objective of the article lies in defining a critical line that points out inconsistencies and contradictions before what generically can be defined without much conceptual precision as progressive discourse, that is: a discursive formation that brings together different social movements, civil organizations and political parties --in theory-- of frank counter-hegemonic character. It is concluded that morally the progressive discourse is not by itself bad, good, or neutral, everything will depend, ultimately, on the tastes and preferences of each person built by their cultural biases and, more specifically, in the heat of the processes of political socialization by which they have been conditioned ontologically. Therefore, rather than a critique of the historically existing progressive discourse, a review must be made of the tendentious way in which certain political actors use this discourse to validate their hegemonic interests in their context of action. In addition, in many verifiable respects this discourse can mean the justification of authoritarian practices that contravene the enjoyment and enjoyment of fundamental rights, which does not mean that the authors bet on conservative political and ideological positions.
Concept and grounds for the acquisition of ownership rights in the civil law of the Russian Federation
Authors: Aleeva Svetlana S. , Zhukova Maria Ye. , Ivanova Svetlana A. , Kachmazova Albina V. , Kozlova Elena B.
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the article was to study the legal nature, concept, and motives for the acquisition of property rights in Russian civil law. The main method of documentary research. The article also uses the inductive method, the method of systematic scientific analysis, comparative legal methods, and historical methods. The main method underlying the solution of the problem is to study the legal bases and characteristics of the acquisition of property rights. The article demonstrates the theoretical irresoluble of the problem of scientific understanding of the grounds for acquiring property rights in the civil law of Russia and other countries. The authors of the article consider that the interpretation of Russian legal norms on property rights is multidimensional in contrast to the relatively recent past. It is concluded that judicial argumentation has occupied an important place in the modern scientific interpretation of civil law rules on property rights. Both the modern legal state and the constitution were created by interpretation and argumentation, including the rules of the property law institute.
Historical overlook on the birth and formation of the institute of departmental procedural control in predictional criminal court proceedings in Russia
Authors: Ivanov Dmitriy A. , Moskovtseva Kristina A. , Khimicheva Olga V. , Potapov Vasily Dz. , Alimamedov Elmir N.
Published: January 2022

The authors submit to a detailed analysis the historical milestones of the origin and formation of the institution of departmental procedural control in criminal proceedings in Russia. Taking the generally accepted classification as the basis for constructing a preliminary investigation and highlighting seven periods of the formation of the institution of departmental procedural control, the principles for establishing a particular institutional model of a concrete historical period are reflected. As the main method in the process of writing this article, the general systemic method of cognition was used, which made it possible to comprehensively consider and analyze the process of origin and formation of the institution of departmental procedural control in pre-trial criminal proceedings in Russia. In addition, the authors argue that the institution of departmental procedural control of judicial control in the Russian Federation is quite young and its mechanisms need in-depth study. It is concluded that, through the analysis of statistical data, law enforcement practice, as well as the opinions and developments of scientists-processes, made it possible to identify the optimal ways to solve existing problems and directions for improving criminal procedure legislation.
Constitutional foundations and principles of the formation of a sovereign, secular, and democratic state in India: history and modernity
Authors: Serdyukov Artem Arturovich
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the research was to study the fundamental provisions of the Constitution of India and the amendments made to it, which regulate the constitutional foundations and principles of the formation of a sovereign, secular, and democratic state. In addition, the article discusses the constitutional provisions relating to the acquisition of independence, the freedom of India, the formal establishment and consolidation of the fundamental rights and freedoms of its citizens and the abolition of the institution of untouchability. The study of the role and importance of the political and legal views of the leader of the national liberation movement, the philosopher and jurist Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi in shaping the constitutional foundations and state structure of India is of some interest. The author used a complex of scientific methods to achieve the objective. It is concluded that the achievement of India's political independence, the declaration of equal rights and freedoms and the abolition of the untouchable caste in the state Constitution, is a significant contribution to the development of this country and a rapid step in increasing India's importance in the world.
The current state of copyright and intellectual property in the IT field
Authors: Yavorska Oleksandra S. , Kosovych Vitaliy M. , Boiko Ihor Y. , Tarasenko Leonid L. , Shpuhanych Iryna I.
Published: January 2022

Fast improvement of the IT field requires relevant safety of intellectual assets rights. The legal protection of laptop applications, software programs and foreign legal practices is a contentious issue. With the rapid development of the IT sector within the international context, the issues of copyright safety, patenting and non-disclosure of personal data have gained urgency. The research methodology involved the use of methods of analysis and synthesis, logical and system - structural analysis, control methods, structural and functional analysis in combination with the method of case study and the method of content analysis. The article comprehensively analyses the modern perspective of intellectual belongings proper and copyright in IT outsourcing. The scope of unconventional challenges in the sphere of copyright safety inside the area of IT sphere are exemplified using the case of Ukraine. The case addresses opportunities to enhance the regulatory framework for copyright safety of experts engaged in IT outsourcing. It is stressed that the existing legal procedures and methods are slower in responding to changes in the field of IT outsourcing than the world's quickest trends in this sphere.
The concept and structure of activities in the field of organizing and holding elections to government bodies in the theory of constitutional law
Authors: Keshikova Natalia , Demeshko Igor
Published: January 2022

The article aims to study the concept and structure of activities in the field of the organization and holding of elections to governing bodies in the theory of constitutional law. The main method was the analysis of systems that allows to study the system of activities in this field. The latter can be represented by different structures depending on the stage of their cognition as an object or their internal processes. In addition, the article used the historical method, deduction, induction, etc. It is concluded that the system of activities in the field of the organization and holding of elections to the governing bodies is a unit of their properties and integral elements, order and their interaction, as well as stable connections between them, based on the principles of preservation or invariance, which are organized as appropriate relations between the structural elements themselves and their external environment, that is, the sphere of the organization and conduct of elections to the governing bodies.
Criminal policy in countering corruption crimes related to bribery and other illegal remuneration (legislative aspect)
Authors: Nikonov Pavel
Published: January 2022

Criminal policy is part of state policy, defining the main objectives and means to influence crime through legislative activities related to change, first, criminal, criminal-procedural, criminal-executive legislation. Through a scientific methodology of a documentary nature, the objective of the research is to analyze the criminal and legal policy of the State in the fight against crimes related to bribery and other illegal remuneration. It should be noted that the criminal policy of crimes related to bribery and other illegal remuneration is currently in crisis. It is concluded that there is a tendency to increase the range of criminal acts related to illegal remuneration, to broaden the scope of the criminal regulation of liability for illegal remuneration by making changes and additions to the composition of offences related to illegal remuneration, and to criminalize new types of acts related to unlawful remuneration, which is associated with the assessment of the role of illegal remuneration as a particularly dangerous criminal phenomenon, which has a significant negative impact on protected public relations.
Escasa eficiencia en costos y plazos en proyectos de inversión en Arequipa y Moquegua 2004-2020
Authors: Flores Arocutipa Javier Pedro , Huallpa Jorge Jinchuña , Cornelio Aira Rocío Claribel , Soto Moisés Chacolla , De la Paz Ramos José Miguel , Fernández Sosa Luís Enrique
Published: January 2022

Objective: To demonstrate the low efficiency in costs and timeframes in 22 investment projects (PIP) of the Regional Government of Moquegua and Arequipa, which generated higher costs and timeframes between the ex ante and ex post in the period 2004-2020. Method: Inductive, basic, not experimental. Results: Based on the Wilcoxon test, it was shown that the costs of 12 projects in Moquegua, before and after, were different with asymptotic significance (bilateral) 0.006, from 127 to 220 million; and the "t" test for related samples generated the significance (bilateral) of 0.000. It was observed that the average calculated in days was different, that the average of the ex ante period turned out to be 339 days while the average of the actual period was 2307 days. In 10 projects in Arequipa, the Wilcoxon test generated 0.007 and the costs went from 1030 to 1585 million soles; the difference in terms generated a p-value of wilcoxon of 0.004 from an average of 15.4 to 57.5 months. Conclusion: The costs of the previous and subsequent period are different, as are the proposed deadlines and actual deadlines in both regions.
The transition of insurgent-guerrilla movements to radical terrorist methods of struggle: retrospective features
Authors: Baksheev Andrey Ivanovich , Butorov Sergey Alekseevich , Kurenkova Evgeniya Alekseevna , Kuraev Aleksey Nikolayevich , Rybakov Andrey Vyacheslavovich
Published: January 2022

The realities of modern reality indicate that there are a significant number of unjustified attempts to resolve controversial issues based on the use of force. The article shows the evolutionary processes of the transition of insurgent-guerrilla movements to radical terrorist methods of struggle in the period of 1991-2001 and reveals the reasons for this process. The article analyzes the definition of "international terrorism" in the modern sense, analyzes the characteristic features of international terrorism of the 1990s, the reasons for its spread, new forms of terrorist activity. The following methods were used in the study of the chosen topic: historical-genetic, comparative-historical; problem-chronological, the method of historical modeling. Authors conclude, there is no doubt that all the insurgent-guerilla movements, without exception, pursued their own goals. The most effective way to achieve them at the turn of the century turned out to be precisely terrorist attacks, which, with all the strength of state structures, were not possible to fend off. Thus, terrorism has become a strong weapon in the hands of weak players in the international arena.
Estudio de política experimental de tecnologías preservadoras de salud: sobre el ejemplo de rehabilitación sistémica de jóvenes estudiantes
Authors: Zavatska Nataliia , Semenov Oleksandr , Kaptalan Natalia , Semenova Nataliia , Kazibekova Viktoriia , Kononenko Oksana
Published: January 2022

The aim of the article was to conduct an experimental study and provide evidence for systemic rehabilitation of student youth with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Psychodiagnostic methods that are valid and reliable with standard test forms were used. It was stated that psychological protective mechanisms such as displacement, regression, substitution, compensation, and reactive formation were more active in psychological youth with PTSD (n=112). Assimilation (n=38; 33.93%), accommodation (n=48; 42.86%), and disharmonious (n=26; 23.21%) disorders were identified. A comparison of the control and experimental groups was carried out. A cluster structural model of respondents’ PTSD types was constructed. Respondents with a high level of PTSD manifestations were shown to have excessive internal tension, dysphoria, explosiveness, and a low level of integration with the environment. It was established that the proposed systemic rehabilitation is an essential component of working with the affected contingent. It was generalized that the application of experimental results from the study of health technologies operationalizes the educational process’s work with students who have experienced post-traumatic stress disorder.
Legal procedure in roman law and its reflection in modern civil procedure
Authors: Serhij Kravtsov , Serhii Vlasenko , Oleh Rozhnov , Malinovska Iryna
Published: January 2022

Tremendous efforts of legislators are directed towards the development of an ideal judicial system and procedure of administering justice. However, current trends of judiciary reformation are easier to comprehend and accept if we turn to the origins of legal protection of human rights which, undoubtedly, go back to the Roman law. Methodology: From this point we use comparing methods for analizing the legislative provisions; the structural method and historical method was used for the background of Legal procedure in roman law. Results and conclusions: In this article we will outline the main stages of formation of legal protection of human rights in Roman law and characterize types of these processes – namely legis actiones, formulary procedure and cognitio. By analyzing the original sources that have survived to our times, namely the Law of Twelve Tables, Gaius`s Institutions and Justinian`s Digestes, we will examine what peculiarities of consideration and resolution of cases each of these stages demonstrated; how the traditional views on the behavior of the parties and the court in the process were established; which main requirements were applied to justice in civil matters in Roman law. The course of the work the following methods were used: essential, comparative, general historical.
Standards of fair justice and their relationship to standards of proof in criminal proceedings
Authors: Kovalchuk Serhii , Korytko Liliia , Kret Galyna , Fomin Serhii , Hryniuk Volodymyr
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the article is to define the concept, system and content of fair justice standards and outline their relationship to standards of evidence in criminal proceedings. The purpose of the study is to reveal the content of the right to a fair trial, distinguish fair justice standards and establish its relationship with standards of evidence in criminal proceedings. The research methodology consists of comparative law, structural system methods and formal legal methods. The study found that testing standards are covered by justice standards, expanding, specifying, and clarifying their content. The content of the fair justice standards "examination of the case by an independent and impartial tribunal established by law", "adversarial procedure", "equality of the parties", "frankness of the examination of evidence", "presumption of innocence" and reveals the "motivation of judicial decisions". It is concluded that each of these concepts is a heuristic contribution to test standards. As a result of the study, the author's definition of the concept of "fair justice standards" is formulated and the concept is based on its relationship with the standards of evidence in criminal proceedings.
Anti-corruption mechanism in Ukraine:
content actualization under the conditions of normative innovations
Authors: Kivalov Serhii V.
Published: January 2022

The aim of the investigation was to determine the most appropriate avenues for further implementation of the European concept of anti-corruption. To carry out this article, general and special research methods have been applied, such as systems analysis, dialectical, formal logical and structural functional methods, as well as a series of empirical methods. Statistical analysis has been used to demonstrate anti-corruption measures, undertaken in 2016 - 2020. The anti-corruption mechanism has been analyzed through the prism of combined institutional and instrumental systems, with the aim of preventing corruption. The priorities for transforming the anti-corruption mechanism have been defined as follows: (a) increased accountability for corruption offences; (b) introduction and appropriate application of corruption detection tools. It is concluded that the current trend demonstrates a decline in the implementation of anti-corruption preventive tools in Ukraine due to the following factors: change of the vector of public interest towards compliance with anti-Covid-19 measures, destabilization of authority and lack of collaboration between authorized subjects in solving corruption problems.
PENGARUH LIKUIDITAS DAN MANAJEMEN MODAL KERJA TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS PADA CV. MITRA KARYA MEDAN
Authors: Zebua Ningsih Ani , Septriawan Reza
Published: January 2022

To assess the company's finances, a profitability ratio can be used. Profitability isthe company's ability to earn a profit in relation to sales, total assets and owncapital. For companies, the problem of profitability is very important because itcan include other ratios, including the ratio of liquidity and working capital.Liquidity is the company's ability to meet short-term obligations smoothly and ontime. The level of liquidity of the company can be shown by liquid assets that areeasily converted into cash, including cash, bank, accounts receivable, marketablesecurities, and inventories. Working capital is a fund needed so that companyoperations can run smoothly in accordance with the policies that have beendetermined for the achievement of company goals. The formulation of the problemin this study is how the influence of liquidity and working capital managementeither partially or simultaneously on profitability at CV. Mitra Karya Medan ?. Theresearch objective was to determine and analyze the effect of liquidity and workingcapital management either partially or simultaneously on profitability at CV. MitraKarya Medan. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis, determinationtest and t test, with the help of the SPSS test tool. Based on the research results, itis known that there is a partial effect of the current ratio on the net profit margin atCV. Mitra Karya Medan, this is shown from the results of the t test where t count>t table (4.807> 2.13185) so that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, which meansthat the current ratio variable has a significant (significant) effect with the net profitmargin variable. In addition, there is a partial effect of the debt to equity ratio onthe net profit margin at CV. Mitra Karya Medan, this is shown from the results ofthe t test where t count> t table (3.064> 2.13185) so that H0 is rejected and Ha isaccepted, which means that the debt to equity ratio variable has a significant(significant) effect with the net profit margin variable. Based on the researchresults, it is known that there is an effect of the current ratio and the debt to equityratio simultaneously on the net profit margin at CV. Mitra Karya Medan, and thepercentage of the relationship between the current ratio variable (X1) and the debtto equity ratio (X2) to the net profit margin (Y) is 34.2%, while the remaining 65.8%is influenced by other factors not examined
PENGARUH SISTEM PENGENDALIAN INTERNAL TERHADAP KINERJA PERUSAHAAN (STUDI KASUS CV. SUKSES ABADI)
Authors: Purwaningsih Fauziah Nur , Amalia Mekar Meilisa
Published: January 2022

A very important part of the company's operational management that reflects thecondition of the company's performance is internal control. Effective internalcontrol can help companies safeguard company assets, ensuring the availability ofaccurate financial reports. To determine the internal control system affectscompany performance at CV. Sukses Abadi is the goal of this study. Quantitativeresearch is a type of this research. The saturated sample is a sampling techniquefor this study. The analysis method used in this research is descriptive analysismethod and simple linear regression analysis were the tests carried out includevalidity, reliability, classical assumption tests (normality test, heteroscedasticitytest), partial test (t-test) and to determine the relationship between each variableusing correlation coefficient analysis. The results of the study explained that thecorrelation value (R) was 0.561. From the output, the coefficient of determination(R Square) is 0.330, which means that the influence of the independent variable(internal control system) on the dependent variable (company performance) is33.00% and the rest is 67.00%. Furthermore, the results of research on theinfluence of internal control systems on company performance at CV Sukses Abadican conclude that there is a significant and positive influence of internal control oncompany performance at CV. Sukses Abadi in Deli Serdang Regency which isshown based on the results of the t value of 2.054> t table of 2.048 and a probabilityvalue of 0.049 <0.05 means that the better internal control carried out by themanagement of CV. Sukses Abadi, the higher the company's performance