bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Beyond Tumors: Gastric Syphilis Emulating a Gastric Neoplasia
Authors: Guerrero Muñoz Claudia , Castañeda Agredo Andres , Romero Valle Maria Jose , Silva Silva Andrés Mauricio , León del Campo Marta , Azpirtarte Sánchez Claudia , Domínguez Fraga Marta , Milán Pilo Manuel Vicente , Polo Lorduy Benjamin Arturo , González Guirado Agustina , Martín Relloso María Jesus , Sánchez-Fayos Calabuig Paloma , Bosch Esteva Orencio
Published: April 2024

We present the case of a 35-year-old male with a first-degree family history of gastric cancer (his father was diagnosed at the age of 45), who was presumed to have gastric cancer himself when evaluating the features of his upper endoscopy performed after hematemesis. Surprisingly, no cancer cells were found in the biopsies. Thanks to a different diagnostic suspicion subsequent to performing a full clinical history, a more favorable diagnosis was reached: gastric syphilis.
Study of CHF3/CH2F2 Adsorption Separation in TIFSIX-2-Cu-i
Authors: Wang Shoudong , Zhou Lei , Qin Hongyun , Dong Zixu , Li Haoyuan , Liu Bo , Wang Zhilu , Zhang Lina , Fu Qiang , Chen Xia
Published: April 2024

Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) have important applications in different industries; however, they are environmentally unfriendly due to their high global warming potential (GWP). Hence, reclamation of used hydrofluorocarbons via energy-efficient adsorption-based separation will greatly contribute to reducing their impact on the environment. In particular, the separation of azeotropic refrigerants remains challenging, such as typical mixtures of CH2F2 (HFC-23) and CHF3 (HFC-32), due to a lack of adsorptive mechanisms. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) can provide a promising solution for the separation of CHF3–CH2F2 mixtures. In this study, the adsorption mechanism of CHF3–CH2F2 mixtures in TIFSIX-2-Cu-i was revealed at the microscopic level by combining static pure-component adsorption experiments, molecular simulations, and density-functional theory (DFT) calculations. The adsorption separation selectivity of CH2F2/CHF3 in TIFSIX-2-Cu-i is 3.17 at 3 bar under 308 K. The existence of similar TiF62− binding sites for CH2F2 or CHF3 was revealed in TIFSIX-2-Cu-i. Interactions between the fluorine atom of the framework and the hydrogen atom of the guest molecule were found to be responsible for determining the high adsorption separation selectivity of CH2F2/CHF3. This exploration is important for the design of highly selective adsorbents for the separation of azeotropic refrigerants.
Completely Plant-Based Diets That Meet Energy Requirements for Resistance Training Can Supply Enough Protein and Leucine to Maximize Hypertrophy and Strength in Male Bodybuilders: A Modeling Study
Authors: Goldman David M. , Warbeck Cassandra B. , Karlsen Micaela C.
Published: April 2024

Despite increasing awareness of plant-based diets for health and athletic performance, athletes are cautioned that careful dietary monitoring is necessary. Whether commonly consumed plant-based diets are nutritionally adequate for maximal muscular hypertrophy remains unknown. This modeling study assessed the nutrient composition of completely plant-based diets scaled to the caloric demands of maximal muscle mass and strength development in adult male bodybuilders. To model calorie requirements, anthropometric data from bodybuilders were input into the Tinsley resting metabolic rate prediction equation, and an appropriate physical activity factor and calorie surplus were applied. Dietary data from a large cohort following completely plant-based diets were then scaled to meet these needs. Modeled intakes for nutrients of interest were calculated as 1.8 g/kg/day of protein and 2.75 g/meal of leucine, which surpass mean requirements for maximal increases in muscle mass and strength and muscle protein synthesis, respectively. Daily levels for all micronutrients, except vitamin D, also exceeded requirements. Saturated fat levels were aligned with dietary guidelines, although sodium levels exceeded recommended limits. Consumption of larger portions of commonplace plant-based diets, scaled to meet the energy demands of maximal accrual of muscle mass and strength, satisfied protein and leucine requirements without the need for additional planning.
Cornflower Extract and Its Active Components Alleviate Dexamethasone-Induced Muscle Wasting by Targeting Cannabinoid Receptors and Modulating Gut Microbiota
Authors: Nguyen Ngoc Bao , Le Tam Thi , Kang Suk Woo , Cha Kwang Hyun , Choi Sowoon , Youn Hye-Young , Jung Sang Hoon , Kim Myungsuk
Published: April 2024

Sarcopenia, a decline in muscle mass and strength, can be triggered by aging or medications like glucocorticoids. This study investigated cornflower (Centaurea cyanus) water extract (CC) as a potential protective agent against DEX-induced muscle wasting in vitro and in vivo. CC and its isolated compounds mitigated oxidative stress, promoted myofiber growth, and boosted ATP production in C2C12 myotubes. Mechanistically, CC reduced protein degradation markers, increased mitochondrial content, and activated protein synthesis signaling. Docking analysis suggested cannabinoid receptors (CB) 1 and 2 as potential targets of CC compounds. Specifically, graveobioside A from CC inhibited CB1 and upregulated CB2, subsequently stimulating protein synthesis and suppressing degradation. In vivo, CC treatment attenuated DEX-induced muscle wasting, as evidenced by enhanced grip strength, exercise performance, and modulation of muscle gene expression related to differentiation, protein turnover, and exercise performance. Moreover, CC enriched gut microbial diversity, and the abundance of Clostridium sensu stricto 1 positively correlated with muscle mass. These findings suggest a multifaceted mode of action for CC: (1) direct modulation of the muscle cannabinoid receptor system favoring anabolic processes and (2) indirect modulation of muscle health through the gut microbiome. Overall, CC presents a promising therapeutic strategy for preventing and treating muscle atrophy.
The Use of Additive Manufacturing Techniques in the Development of Polymeric Molds: A Review
Authors: Pelin George , Sonmez Maria , Pelin Cristina-Elisabeta
Published: April 2024

The continuous growth of additive manufacturing in worldwide industrial and research fields is driven by its main feature which allows the customization of items according to the customers’ requirements and limitations. There is an expanding competitiveness in the product development sector as well as applicative research that serves special-use domains. Besides the direct use of additive manufacturing in the production of final products, 3D printing is a viable solution that can help manufacturers and researchers produce their support tooling devices (such as molds and dies) more efficiently, in terms of design complexity and flexibility, timeframe, costs, and material consumption reduction as well as functionality and quality enhancements. The compatibility of the features of 3D printing of molds with the requirements of low-volume production and individual-use customized items development makes this class of techniques extremely attractive to a multitude of areas. This review paper presents a synthesis of the use of 3D-printed polymeric molds in the main applications where molds exhibit a major role, from industrially oriented ones (injection, casting, thermoforming, vacuum forming, composite fabrication) to research or single-use oriented ones (tissue engineering, biomedicine, soft lithography), with an emphasis on the benefits of using 3D-printed polymeric molds, compared to traditional tooling.
Performance Evaluation and Application Field Analysis of Precise Point Positioning Based on Different Real-Time Augmentation Information
Authors: Wu Mengjun , Wang Le , Xie Wei , Yue Fan , Cui Bobin
Published: April 2024

The most commonly used real-time augmentation services in China are the International GNSS Service’s (IGS) real-time service (RTS), PPP-B2b service, and Double-Frequency Multi-Constellation (DFMC) service of the BeiDou Satellite-Based Augmentation System (BDSBAS) service. However, research on the performance evaluation, comparison, and application scope of these three products is still incomplete. This article introduces methods for obtaining real-time augmentation information and real-time orbit and clock offset recovery. Based on real-time orbit and clock offset accuracy, positioning accuracy, and positioning availability, this article systematically evaluates the performance and analyzes the application fields of Centre National d’Études Spatiales (CNES), PPP-B2b, and BDSBAS augmentation information. The results of the evaluation revealed that the radial accuracy of the CNES and PPP-B2b real-time orbit product is consistent, and the Root Mean Square (RMS) is better than 5 cm. The CNES real-time orbit product can achieve centimeter-level accuracy in both along-track and cross-track components, surpassing PPP-B2b’s decimeter-level accuracy. Both services demonstrate consistent accuracy in the real-time clock offset, with PPP-B2b showing similar standard deviations (STDs) of 0.16 ns for different satellites. However, for CNES, the STD of the real-time clock offset varies, with values of 0.10 ns, 0.19 ns, and 0.60 ns, respectively, for GPS, BDS-3 Medium Earth Orbit (MEO), and BDS-3 Inclined Geosynchronous Satellite Orbit (IGSO) satellites. Centimeter-level accuracy is achieved after convergence and positioning availability exceeds 99% for CNES and PPP-B2b services. Therefore, the difference between the two services in application areas depends on the acquisition of augmentation information. However, BDSBAS, which concentrates on code observations, demonstrates inferior performance in real-time orbit, clock offset, positioning accuracy, and positioning availability when compared to the other two services. Its primary application is in the aviation and maritime domains, where there is a greater need for service integrity, continuity, and reliability.
Wildlife Real-Time Detection in Complex Forest Scenes Based on YOLOv5s Deep Learning Network
Authors: Ma Zhibin , Dong Yanqi , Xia Yi , Xu Delong , Xu Fu , Chen Feixiang
Published: April 2024

With the progressively deteriorating global ecological environment and the gradual escalation of human activities, the survival of wildlife has been severely impacted. Hence, a rapid, precise, and reliable method for detecting wildlife holds immense significance in safeguarding their existence and monitoring their status. However, due to the rare and concealed nature of wildlife activities, the existing wildlife detection methods face limitations in efficiently extracting features during real-time monitoring in complex forest environments. These models exhibit drawbacks such as slow speed and low accuracy. Therefore, we propose a novel real-time monitoring model called WL-YOLO, which is designed for lightweight wildlife detection in complex forest environments. This model is built upon the deep learning model YOLOv5s. In WL-YOLO, we introduce a novel and lightweight feature extraction module. This module is comprised of a deeply separable convolutional neural network integrated with compression and excitation modules in the backbone network. This design is aimed at reducing the number of model parameters and computational requirements, while simultaneously enhancing the feature representation of the network. Additionally, we introduced a CBAM attention mechanism to enhance the extraction of local key features, resulting in improved performance of WL-YOLO in the natural environment where wildlife has high concealment and complexity. This model achieved a mean accuracy (mAP) value of 97.25%, an F1-score value of 95.65%, and an accuracy value of 95.14%. These results demonstrated that this model outperforms the current mainstream deep learning models. Additionally, compared to the YOLOv5m base model, WL-YOLO reduces the number of parameters by 44.73% and shortens the detection time by 58%. This study offers technical support for detecting and protecting wildlife in intricate environments by introducing a highly efficient and advanced wildlife detection model.
Dirt Track Surface Preparation and Associated Differences in Speed, Stride Length, and Stride Frequency in Galloping Horses
Authors: Pfau Thilo , Bruce Olivia L. , Sawatsky Andrew , Leguillette Renaud , Edwards W. Brent
Published: April 2024

In racehorses, the risk of musculoskeletal injury is linked to a decrease in speed and stride length (SL) over consecutive races prior to injury. Surface characteristics influence stride parameters. We hypothesized that large changes in stride parameters are found during galloping in response to dirt racetrack preparation. Harrowing of the back stretch of a half-mile dirt racetrack was altered in three individual lanes with decreasing depth from the inside to the outside. Track underlay compaction and water content were changed between days. Twelve horses (six on day 2) were sequentially galloped at a target speed of 16 ms−1 across the three lanes. Speed, stride frequency (SF), and SL were quantified with a GPS/GNSS logger. Mixed linear models with speed as covariate analyzed SF and SL, with track hardness and moisture content as fixed factors (p < 0.05). At the average speed of 16.48 ms−1, hardness (both p < 0.001) and moisture content (both p < 0.001) had significant effects on SF and SL. The largest difference in SL of 0.186 m between hardness and moisture conditions exceeded the 0.10 m longitudinal decrease over consecutive race starts previously identified as injury predictor. This suggests that detailed measurements of track conditions might be useful for refining injury prediction models.
Thermal Imaging of the Tongue Surface as a Predictive Method in the Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Wziątek-Kuczmik Daria , Świątkowski Antoni , Cholewka Armand , Mrowiec Aleksandra , Niedzielska Iwona , Stanek Agata
Published: April 2024

Over the past 20 years, the high prevalence of diabetes has become a global public health problem. Background: The objective of this study was to develop a non-invasive screening method for diabetes which will enable the detection of the disease at an early stage. Methods: This study included 63 adult patients of both sexes: 30 patients with type 2 diabetes (t2DM) and 33 healthy volunteers. The temperature distribution on the tongue’s dorsum and apex surface was studied in patients after a mouth-cooling procedure had been introduced. The study used an FLIR T540 thermal imaging camera. An analysis of the correlation between the ∆T values of the tongue dorsum and apex and the glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level was performed. Results: The median of the average dorsum temperature measured 10 min after mouth rinsing was almost 0.8 [°C] lower than for healthy individuals. Also, studies showed a positive average correlation with a Pearson coefficient of r = 0.46 between the HbA1c level and the ∆T of the tongue dorsum. Conclusions: Tongue temperature measured using the IRT showed a correlation with standard biochemical parameters; it may also differentiate patients and constitute a specific screening method for patients with t2DM.
Nanosized Particles of Synthetic Silicon Dioxide Delay the Regeneration of Gastric Ulcers Created by N-Methyl-N′-Nitro-N-Nitrosoguanidine and Induce Hyper-Trophic Gastritis-like Symptoms
Authors: Iwasaki Ayaka , Kawai Yuichi , Onodera Akira
Published: April 2024

Synthetically produced silicon dioxide used as a food additive exhibits nanoparticle size and shape during the early stages of manufacturing. Even when processed into food products, these nanoparticles are detected. Although processing food ingredients into nanoparticles can improve absorption rates or enhance texture, there are concerns about the specific biological effects of nanoparticles. In this study, three types of silica particles, including nanosized particles, were repetitively administered to the stomach using a gastric tube or exposed to a single injection into the submucosal layer of the stomach. Macroscopic and microscopic examinations did not reveal acute toxicity. However, when silica particles were administered to the stomach during the healing and regeneration process of gastric ulcers (induced by injecting the alkylating agent of N-Methyl-N′-Nitro-N-Nitrosoguanidine into the submucosal layer), silica particles with a diameter of 70 nm (SiNPs-70) delayed regeneration more strongly than microsized silica particles with diameters of 300 nm or 1000 nm (SiMPs-300, -1000). Furthermore, fibrosis for tissue regeneration spread throughout the entire mucosa of the stomach, resulting in hypertrophic gastritis-like symptoms. The frequency of this symptom was over 50% with SiNPs-70, 20% with SiMPs-300, and 0% with SiMPs-1000. Although the silica particles used in this study differ from actual samples found in food, the impact of particle size, particularly the effects unique to nanosize, was identified as toxicity in the stomach healing process.
Grief Universalism: A Perennial Problem Pattern Returning in Digital Grief Studies?
Authors: O’Connor Mórna
Published: April 2024

The year 2024 marks one decade of scholarship in the new interdisciplinary field of Digital Death, concerning the study of death, dying and grief in the digital age. This paper addresses one key subfield of Digital Death Studies, here termed Digital Grief Studies, which centres on theory, research and design concerning grief in today’s digitally saturated contexts. It argues that a classic grand pattern in scholarly treatments of grief—Grief Universalism—with a long, problematic history in Grief and Bereavement Studies, is reappearing in Digital Grief Studies. The Continuing Bonds theory of grief and its application in theory, research and design in Digital Grief Studies is used to demonstrate Grief Universalism in action in our field via hypothetical and fictional examples. This builds toward this paper’s big aim: to illustrate what we as an emerging field stand to gain from positioning the established field of Grief and Bereavement Studies as a veritable goldmine of advances—as well as pitfalls, wrong turns, and recurrent problem patterns to be avoided—generated over a hundred years of scholarship concerning human grief. Harnessing this wealth of prior learning and leveraging it toward the furtherance of our field in the coming decade and beyond becomes more crucial as we repel the seemingly perennial magnetism of Grief Universalism, as we operate within an interdisciplinary field vulnerable to Universalism and as yet unaware of its perils, and amid contemporary digital cultures and environments that may preserve and reinforce universalist grief framings.
Eco-Anxiety and Trust in Science in Spain: Two Paths to Connect Climate Change Perceptions and General Willingness for Environmental Behavior
Authors: Vecina María Luisa , Alonso-Ferres María , López-García Laura , Díaz-Silveira Cintia
Published: April 2024

This article aims to better understand the mechanisms that connect climate change perceptions and general willingness to engage in pro-environmental behavior using Spanish cross-sectional data (N = 403) that included 102 members of environmental organizations. To do this, we first developed and validated the General Willingness for Environmental Behavior Scale (GWEBS), which includes the classical approach of voluntarily doing new actions but also actions implying not doing things (degrowth) and actions forced by social constraints. The exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis showed a good fit for the one-factor structure, which had adequate validity based on their relationship with other variables. Additionally, the GWEBS distinguished between women and men, left- and right-oriented people, and people who belonged to pro-environmental groups and people who did not. In the second place, we tested the parallel mediator role of eco-anxiety and trust in science in the relationship between climate change perceptions and the GWEBS. The results showed that eco-anxiety fully mediated and trust in science partially mediated such a relationship, making them crucial in terms of mobilizing the intention to act according to perceptions. This study contributes to understanding the psychological mechanisms that eventually drive pro-environmental behaviors and provides a clear direction for future research.
Resource Utilization of Solid Waste and Water Quality Evaluation
Authors: Yuan Ning
Published: April 2024

The rapid development of industrialization and urbanization has inevitably resulted in the generation of innumerable solid wastes and water contamination [...]
Building a Hierarchical Enablers Framework for Service Business Model Innovation for Sustainable Performance: Evidence from Ghana’s Electricity Sector
Authors: Arku Jason Kobina , Shao Yunfei , Ankrah Shadrach Twumasi
Published: April 2024

Selecting an appropriate business model innovation for sustainable performance is a complex decision that requires a decision support tool. However, despite the importance of business model innovation (BMI) for sustainable performance, there has been limited investigation into how a hierarchical enabler framework grounded in service-dominant logic contributes to the sustainability of service firms. This study examines the critical enablers of service business model innovation (SBMI) for sustainable performance within the utility sector, particularly the electricity supply sector in Ghana. Using the best–worst method (BWM), this study identifies and prioritizes three main enablers and eleven sub-enablers, addressing a notable gap in understanding their impact on sustainable performance. The findings reveal that service value creation innovation is the most critical primary enabler, with human capital, technological platforms, and value-based pricing constituting the top three sub-enablers for sustainability performance. This study contributes to the service-dominant logic and BMI discourse by providing a novel hierarchical framework that aids managerial decision making in service-oriented firms, particularly in developing economies. The results underscore the need for utility companies to prioritize investments in key areas, such as human capital, technological advancements, and customer-centric approaches, to drive sustainable business practices and improve overall performance.
Promoting (Safe) Young-User Cycling in Russian Cities: Relationships among Riders’ Features, Cycling Behaviors and Safety-Related Incidents
Authors: Useche Sergio A. , Alonso Francisco , Boyko Aleksey , Buyvol Polina , Makarova Irina , Parsin Gleb , Faus Mireia
Published: April 2024

Background: Promoting cycling, walking and other ‘active’ transportation means continues to be a shared guideline in urban planning, closely aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations. Nonetheless, young cyclists’ safety figures and their potential contributors, including behavioral issues, remain an ongoing concern for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers. Aim: This study aimed to analyze both risky and protective riding patterns of young Russian cyclists in relation to cycling safety factors using the Cycling Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ). Methods: This study used the data provided by 374 young Russian cyclists, aged M = 21.6 (SD = 4.8) years, who responded to an electronic survey on cycling behavior and safety outcomes. Results: Beyond demographic characteristics, the key road rule knowledge and risk perception of young cyclists were significantly associated with their self-reported cycling behaviors. Although both traffic violations and riding errors were negatively correlated with safety incidents, predictive analyses show that errors (though not violations) play a predictive role in young cyclists’ safety-related incidents. Conversely, positive cycling behaviors have been shown to be significant reducers of riding crash likelihood. Conclusion: The results of this study support the idea that addressing key issues such as risk perception, road rule knowledge and protective riding habits, while also targeting risky behaviors on the road, could enhance cycling safety outcomes. Additionally, these findings offer valuable insights into understanding the factors contributing to riding risks and crashes among young cyclists, particularly in the context of the increasing need to promote safer and more sustainable urban mobility in a country with a still young cycling culture.
The Impact of Artificial Intelligence Development on Urban Energy Efficiency—Based on the Perspective of Smart City Policy
Authors: Li Xiangyi , Wang Qing , Tang Ying
Published: April 2024

China’s economy is stepping into a new stage of high-quality development. The shift not only marks the optimization and upgrading of the economic structure, but also reflects the in-depth implementation of the concept of sustainable development. In this context, the development of AI technology is playing an important role in balancing economic growth and ecological protection with its unique advantages. This paper empirically studied the impact of AI development on urban energy efficiency by constructing panel data for 282 prefecture-level cities from 2006 to 2019 and then using the super-efficiency SBM model based on non-expected outputs to evaluate the urban energy efficiency indicators of prefecture-level cities. It was discovered that the development of AI had a key influence on increasing urban energy efficiency and the optimization of the energy structure by speeding up green technology innovation and digital economy development, which in turn improved urban energy efficiency. In terms of heterogeneity analysis, AI development had a greater impact on urban energy efficiency in the eastern region, which has higher levels of human capital, financial independence, and government intervention. This study combined the smart city pilot policy with a multi-period DID model, based on the treatment of endogeneity issues, in order to perform a parallel trend test and investigate further the effects of policy implementation on the advancement of AI in the context of improving urban energy efficiency. Accordingly, to achieve green and sustainable urban development, the relevant government departments should increase funding for AI research and development, pay attention to the introduction and cultivation of professionals, establish a platform for international exchanges and cooperation between AI and energy management, and continue to advocate for the pilot development of smart cities to increase urban energy efficiency.
An Innovative Passive Noise Control Technique for Environmental Protection: An Experimental Study in Explosion Noise Attenuation
Authors: Zanganeh Jafar , Kundu Sazal , Moghtaderi Behdad
Published: April 2024

Passive noise control techniques are an effective way of mitigating environmental noise pollution caused by industrial activities, assisting with long-term sustainability in workplace health and safety. Excessive noise from various sources such as mining, construction, manufacturing, air blasting and large-scale gas and dust explosion investigations is challenging as it produces a high level of noise. Excessive explosion noise can have a significant impact on the surrounding environment and people. To suppress the noise to satisfactory levels for nearby occupants, several layers of acoustic barriers are employed. The effectiveness of each level of acoustic barrier is presented. A bottom ash granule base layer with a 300 mm thickness reduced the peak noise levels (136 dBA) by approximately 33 dBA. In the next stage, an autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC)-based 200 mm acoustic barrier was introduced, which suppressed 24 dBA of noise. The inside of the AAC acoustic barrier was finally covered with a 50 mm thick noise attenuation composite material layer constituted of a sound barrier and a sound absorber, and this composite material attenuated the noise level by 6 dBA. The entire noise suppression mechanism was found to be an effective way to suppress gas and dust explosion noise and satisfy the requirement of the occupant and sound level.
Bioreceptive Ceramic Surfaces: Material Experimentations for Responsible Research and Design Innovation in Circular Economy Transition and “Ecological Augmentation”
Authors: Rotondi Carmen , Gironi Camilla , Ciufo Diana , Diana Maria , Lucibello Sabrina
Published: April 2024

The world demands suitable design solutions to transition toward a sustainable production system. The concept of sustainability evolves with technology’s ability to understand and replicate nature’s logic. There is a growing need to move beyond punctual solutions towards more intricate and multi-stakeholder considerations, including preemptive assessments of impacts. This article discusses the outcomes of cross-disciplinary material experimentation at Saperi&Co Center, Sapienza University of Rome. This research focuses on enhancing ceramic surfaces through circular economy practices, making them receptive to microorganism colonization—known as bioreceptivity. Through an iterative and repetitive approach, inspired by Research Through Design and material experimentation, several experiments were carried out to study how the innovative use of organic waste in clay-based mixtures can promote bioreceptivity and the design of green surfaces for urban regeneration. The results advance our knowledge on the multiple parameters the designer must consider to transform inert surfaces such as ceramics into “ecological augmentation” devices. The article also aims to raise awareness of bioreceptivity as a practice to educate communities about a symbiotic relationship with nature, promote local economic development and circular production, and prompt reflection on cultural aspects arising from contemporary scientific and technological advancements in line with Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) principles.
International Migration, Refugees, and Spread of Tuberculosis in Brazil: Analysis of Clusters, Trends, and Associated Factors (2010–2021)
Authors: Alves Yan Mathias , Berra Thaís Zamboni , Tavares Reginaldo Bazon Vaz , Popolin Marcela Antunes Paschoal , da Costa Fernanda Bruzadelli Paulino , de Jezus Sonia Vivian , Ferezin Letícia Perticarrara , Tártaro Ariela Fehr , Serrano-Gallardo Maria Del Pilar , Pinto Ione Carvalho , Maciel Ethel Leonor Noia , Arcêncio Ricardo Alexandre
Published: April 2024

Background: International migration is a global phenomenon with significant implications on the health–disease process due to exposures along transit routes and local/destination epidemiological indicators. We aimed to analyze the transmission and spread of tuberculosis among international migrants and refugees from a spatiotemporal perspective and the associated factors. Method: This was an ecological study of cases of tuberculosis in international migrants in Brazil, between 2010 and 2021. Annual incidence rates were calculated and spatiotemporal scan techniques were used to identify municipalities at risk. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with tuberculosis in international migrants. Results: A total of 4037 cases of tuberculosis were reported in Brazil in international migrants. Municipalities at risk for this event were identified using the spatiotemporal scan technique, and a cluster was identified with ITT: +52.01% and ETT: +25.60%. A higher probability of TB infection was identified in municipalities with a TB incidence rate >14.40 cases/100 inhabitants, population >11,042 inhabitants, Gini index >0.49, and illiteracy rate >13.12%. A lower probability was found in municipalities with average per capita household income >BRL 456.43. Conclusions: It is recommended that health authorities implement monitoring and rigorous follow-up in affected areas to ensure proper diagnosis and treatment completion for international migrants, preventing disease spread to other communities.
Special Issue “Viral-Induced Inflammation”
Authors: Araújo Simone de , Tavares Luciana P. , Costa Vivian Vasconcelos
Published: April 2024

Inflammation is a protective host response essential for controlling viral replication and promoting tissue repair [...]
The Effect of an Attenuated Live Vaccine against Salmonid Rickettsial Septicemia in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Is Highly Dependent on Water Temperature during Immunization
Authors: Olsen Rolf Hetlelid , Finne-Fridell Frode , Bordevik Marianne , Nygaard Anja , Rajan Binoy , Karlsen Marius
Published: April 2024

Salmonid Rickettsial Septicemia (SRS), caused by the bacterium Piscirickettsia salmonis, is the main reason for antibiotic usage in the Chilean aquaculture industry. In 2016, a live attenuated vaccine (ALPHA JECT LiVac® SRS, PHARMAQ AS) was licensed in Chile and has been widely used in farmed salmonids since then. In experimental injection and cohabitation laboratory challenge models, we found that the vaccine is effective in protecting Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) for at least 15 months against P. salmonis-induced mortality. However, the protection offered by the vaccine is sensitive to temperature during immunization. Fish vaccinated and immunized at 10 °C and above were well protected, but those immunized at 7 °C and 8 °C (the lower end of the temperature range commonly found in Chile) experienced a significant loss of protection. This temperature-dependent loss of effect correlated with the amount of vaccine-strain RNA detected in the liver the first week after vaccination and with in vitro growth curves, which failed to detect any growth at 8 °C. We found that good vaccine efficacy can be restored by exposing fish to 15 °C for the first five days after vaccination before lowering the temperature to 7 °C for the remaining immunization period. This suggests that maintaining the correct temperature during the first few days after vaccination is crucial for achieving a protective immune response with ALPHA JECT LiVac® SRS. Our results emphasize the importance of temperature control when vaccinating poikilothermic animals with live vaccines.
Determination of the Effects of Different Irrigation Levels and Vermicompost Doses on Water Consumption and Yield of Greenhouse-Grown Tomato
Authors: Boyacı Sedat , Kocięcka Joanna , Atilgan Atilgan , Niemiec Marcin , Liberacki Daniel , Rolbiecki Roman
Published: April 2024

This study was conducted in pots under a polycarbonate greenhouse to determine the effects of different irrigation levels and vermicompost doses on the morphological and phenological characteristics, water consumption, water use efficiency, and yield parameters of tomato plants. For this purpose, different irrigation levels of 100%, 75%, 50% (I100: full irrigation, I75, I50) and vermicompost (VC) doses of 0, 10% and 20% (VC0, VC10 and VC20, w/w) were applied as the treatments. The study’s results determined the irrigation levels and vermicompost doses affected the tomato plants’ morphological and fruit quality parameters. The highest and lowest plant water consumption (ET) values for the treatments were determined as 47.8 L (I100VC10) and 21.2 L (I50VC0), respectively. Moreover, irrigation water levels and vermicompost doses significantly influenced the total yield of tomatoes. The highest and lowest total and marketable yields were obtained from the I100VC20 and I50VC0 irrigation levels and vermicompost doses. Similarly, the highest and lowest total water use efficiencies were achieved from the I100VC20 (21.9 g L−1) and I50VC0 (11.0 g L−1) treatments. Furthermore, the highest and lowest marketable water use efficiencies were obtained from the I100VC20 (21.9 g L−1) and I50VC0 (7.8 g L−1) treatments. The yield response factor (ky) was found to be 1.42. Although the highest efficiency was achieved from 100% full irrigation and a 20% vermicompost dose in the study, it is suggested that 75% irrigation level and 10% fertilizer doses can also be applied in places where water is limited and fertilizer is expensive. The results revealed that the appropriate irrigation level and vermicompost doses could reliably be used to enhance tomato yield.
Application of the Tracer Test in a Hydrogeological Survey for a Pumped Storage Power Station
Authors: Chen Wanlin , Zhang Jie , Chen Liqiang , Miao Kehan , Dong Xiaosong , Huang Yong
Published: April 2024

In areas with complex hydrogeological conditions, the tracer test method is often used as an effective means in hydrogeological surveys. According to the results of tracer tests, hydrogeological parameters, including hydraulic gradient and permeability coefficient, fracture network leakage passages and their scale, and groundwater flow rate and direction can be quantitatively determined. This paper takes the upper reservoir of Yongxin Pumped Storage Power Station in Jiangxi Province as the research object, and focuses on the complex hydrogeological conditions of the upper reservoir. Three sets of tracer tests and multiple sets of single-hole flow rate and direction tests were conducted on the left and right banks of the reservoir and near surface gullies. The results showed that ZKS18 received tracers in all three tests, which indicates a close hydraulic connection between ZKS18 and the left bank, right bank, and surface gullies within the reservoir. Based on the single or multiple peak values of the tracer, it was determined that there are 1–6 leakage passages in the fractured rocks, with leakage passage sizes of 0.1–0.4 mm. According to the single-hole flow rate and flow direction tests, a self-developed instrument was used to determine the groundwater flow rate and flow direction at different depths in the test holes, which yielded results that were basically consistent with the results of the three-hole method. These results provide a basis for the use of tracer tests in hydrogeological surveys for water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and anti-seepage design of upper reservoirs.
Tecnología IoT para el monitoreo de salud animal en el sector ganadero
Authors: Viteri Guzmán Grace Katiuska , Monserrate Sánchez Ignacio Hugo , Arrese Vilche Alfredo Enrique
Published: April 2024

El artículo destaca dos modelos de prototipos innovadores de collares de medición, equipados con sensores avanzados para prevenir y monitorear la salud animal, en el contexto de la Ganadería 4.0, a través de la Internet de las Cosas (IoT). Uno de los modelos utilizó la placa MKR-NB1500 con conectividad celular LTE-M, mientras que el otro empleó la placa ESP8266, con conectividad a través de su módulo WIFI. Ambos prototipos incorporaron sensores para controlar la temperatura corporal mediante el sensor DS18B20, la presión arterial con el MAX30102, la actividad del ganado con el MPU6050 y la geolocalización con el módulo GPS NEO-6M. El esquema integró a la plataforma Arduino Cloud para la recopilación de datos generados por los sensores. La metodología descriptiva se utilizó para realizar una revisión exhaustiva de artículos científicos y un análisis de la tecnología IoT adecuada para el control de cada aspecto del monitoreo. Se llevó a cabo una encuesta en Google Forms y entrevistas a veterinarios para identificar las variables de monitoreo prioritarias, como la temperatura corporal, geolocalización, actividad y pulso cardíaco. La muestra incluyó ganaderos representativos de las provincias de Manabí, Los Ríos y Guayas en la costa ecuatoriana. Con la participación de 12 ganaderos, el método proporcionó una comprensión profunda de las expectativas de los usuarios clave antes de la implementación del prototipo, brindando información valiosa para adaptar y mejorar el diseño del collar en el contexto de la Ganadería 4.0.
CONSTRUCTIVE RELATIONS IN ELECTRIC MACHINES OF MECHATRONIC SYSTEMS WITH CONCENTRATED STATOR WINDINGS AND A TOOTHE NON-WINDING ROTOR
Authors: Korchagin O.
Published: April 2024

The issues of substantiation and selection of basic design relationships of induction machines with single-tooth windings, which can be part of newly developed mechatronic systems, are considered.

The relationships substantiated in this work can be applied in the development of new mechatronic systems, especially when the task of developing mechatronic modules for specified dimensions is often encountered in practice, which requires the development of both motors, new angle and speed sensors. In addition, this task becomes more urgent when setting harsh operating conditions, such as low and high temperatures, shocks, vibrations, and operation in submersible servos filled with oil. All this makes it difficult or impossible to use a number of other non-electromechanical sensors, such as optical, discrete Hall sensors, which further narrows the range of purchased products for embedding in the specified dimensions of the module. The considered ratios allows to implement sensors not only for different product dimensions, but also to take into account the purpose, accuracy requirements, and design meters with different electrical reduction, with different number of phases. An additional advantage of developing sensors according to these ratios is manufacturability, simplicity and speed of development and the ability to quickly launch into production.

In addition, the derived ratios make it possible to design an angle sensors, speed sensors, as well as electric motors and generators, which may be in demand in a number of special cases, for example, if it is necessary to minimize the moment of inertia of the motor rotor and to build high-speed machines.
Emmanuel Boos, praticien, théoricien et poète de la céramique
Authors: Bachelier Bernard
Published: April 2024

Lorsqu’il est arrivé en résidence à la manufacture de Sèvres, en octobre 2016, Emmanuel Boos avait déjà un riche parcours, pratique auprès de Jean Girel et théorique au Royal College of Art. Cet article, qui résulte d’entretiens avec l’artiste, montre que cette diversité de recherches et d’expériences est à l’origine d’une vision renouvelée et d’une esthétique contemporaine de la porcelaine.
Observaciones tafonómicas longitudinales de osamentas de guanaco en el Parque Provincial Ernesto Tornquist (provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina): primeros resultados
Authors: Morales Natalia Soledad , Catella Luciana , Barrientos Gustavo
Published: April 2024

En este trabajo se presentan los primeros resultados de un estudio longitudinal iniciado en el año 2016, orientado a analizar las trayectorias tafonómicas que siguen las osamentas de guanaco en el Parque Provincial Ernesto Tornquist (PPET), ubicado en el sector central del Sistema Serrano de Ventania, en el sudoeste de la provincia de Buenos Aires. La muestra está compuesta por siete individuos depositados en distintos ambientes del PPET y en diferente estado de desarticulación, dispersión y enterramiento de sus huesos. Se presenta una descripción detallada de cada caso, describiéndose la metodología de observación y de análisis de datos. Las observaciones efectuadas proporcionan información relevante acerca del impacto de los distintos agentes tanáticos y tafonómicos actualmente operantes en el área de estudio. En particular, los datos obtenidos permiten establecer diferencias en las tasas de descomposición, desarticulación y dispersión de los restos óseos en relación con casos registrados en otras áreas geográficas del país.
No hay sintaxis del discurso
Authors: Mackenzie John Lachlan
Published: April 2024

La Gramática Discursivo-Funcional (GFD) es una teoría del acto discursivo que aplica el término “sintaxis” a la ordenación de las unidades dentro de la expresión de dichos actos y no a los complejos discursivos en los que se producen estos actos; desde la perspectiva de la GFD, no existe una sintaxis del discurso. No obstante, las relaciones entre los actos discursivos pueden afectar a la estructura interna de las unidades sintácticas. Este breve artículo da algunas indicaciones iniciales sobre cómo la FDG, como teoría modular, explica las observaciones de que la oración puede entenderse útilmente como un minidiscurso, especialmente con respecto a sus elementos periféricos.
Salvage free flap reconstruction of deep sternal wound infections post coronary artery bypass: a case series
Authors: Law Jenaleen , Franke Malcolm , Soliman Bishoy , Gillies Rowan
Published: April 2024

The authors present cases of sternal reconstruction using the right internal mammary artery and vein as recipient vessels when the left IMA has been used for cardiac revascularisation.
Deep inferior epigastric artery donor for hypothenar hammer syndrome reconstruction: a case series
Authors: Briffa James , Chow Zi , Karunaratne Gehan , Thomson Michael , Bunker Daniel
Published: April 2024

The authors report an ulnar artery reconstructive option for hypothenar hammer syndrome with an autologous deep inferior epigastric artery graft.
Intraoperative computed tomography for the management of traumatic complex facial fractures: a narrative review
Authors: Haines Morgan , Karunaratne Yasiru , Alani Harith , Ngo Quan , Harish Varun , Langbart Marc
Published: April 2024

Successful facial reconstruction requires accurate restoration of the concealed three-dimensional facial skeleton. The key rationale for intraoperative computed tomography (iCT) is that it facilitates the most comprehensive assessment of fracture reduction. Real-time visual feedback is now considered an essential component in hand, spine and general orthopaedic surgery. Frequently proposed as the new gold standard of care, iCT has been widely adopted in maxillofacial surgery, especially internationally. In contrast, our Australian experience is that access to iCT and therefore uptake is relatively lacking. The craniofacial skeleton is a complex structure owing to its various convexities and concavities, sinonasal elements, biomechanical buttresses, visceral and occlusal components and neurovascular structures. Classic approaches to open reduction internal fixation aim to reduce incisions to prevent complications such as ectropion, salivary leak or nerve damage. However, intraoperative assessment of fractures in minimally-invasive techniques are hindered by the limited extent of exposure, especially in the setting of complex fracture patterns or those that involve dynamic or functional endpoints. With iCT, surgeons may visualise, adjust and revise fixation without wide exposure while the patient is on the operating table. This obviates an additional operation that may be required due to an unsatisfactory fixation. iCT is cost-effective and reduces radiation exposure. Challenges in integrating iCT include competing for availability with other specialties, training staff and lack of awareness about the benefits this technology offers. This narrative review discusses the role of iCT in the modern Australian operating theatre.
OSTEOPOROSIS IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Жуковская Е.В. , Крутикова Н.Ю.
Published: April 2024

Актуальность проблемы остеопенических состояний в педиатрии обусловлена риском развития осложненных форм остеопороза как на фоне моногенных наследственных заболеваний, так и в качестве коморбидных состояний у детей и подростков с тяжелыми хроническими заболеваниями. Своевременная диагностика и лечение остеопенических состояний у детей способствуют достижению максимальной костной плотности к 20-30 годам и, следовательно, снижению частоты развития остеопороза в старшем возрасте. Цель настоящего обзора литературы – изучение материалов по этиологии, лечению и профилактике остеопенических состояний, возникающих у детей и подростков. Патофизиология остеопороза является следствием нарушения баланса процессов синтеза и резорбции костной ткани. Основные механизмы развития остеопороза: цитокиновая дисрегуляции процессов формирования костной ткани, реализация генетически опосредованных метаболических путей и сдвиг дифференцировки кроветворных клеток в сторону остеокластов. Диагностика остеопороза базируется на определении минеральной плотности кости по данным рентгеновской денситометрии и ультразвуковой количественной остеометрии. Выявление генетических маркеров предрасположенности к остеопорозу позволяет осуществлять профилактику пациентам из соответствующих групп риска, оптимизировать терапию резистентных форм остеопороза.