bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hyper-Acute Stroke Systems of Care and Workflow
Authors: Kleinig Timothy J. , McMullan Patrick , Cloud Geoffrey C. , Bladin Prof Christopher , Ranta Anna
Published: August 2024

Purpose of review

Recent stroke treatment advances have necessitated agile, broad-scale healthcare system redesign, to achieve optimal patient outcomes and access equity. Optimised hyperacute stroke care requires integrated pre-hospital, emergency department, stroke specialist, radiology, neurosurgical and endovascular neurointervention services, guided by a population-wide needs analysis. In this review, we survey system integration efforts, providing case studies, and identify common elements of successful initiatives.

Recent findings

Different regions and nations have evolved varied acute stroke systems depending on geography, population density and workforce. However, common facilitators to these solutions have included stroke unit care as a foundation, government-clinician synergy, pre-hospital pathway coordination, service centralisation, and stroke data guiding system improvement. Further technological advantages will minimize the geographical distance disadvantages and facilitate virtual expertise redistribution to remote areas.

Continued treatment advances necessitate an integrated, adaptable, population-wide trans-disciplinary approach. A well-designed clinician-led and government-supported system can facilitate hyperacute care and scaffold future system enhancements.
Light-Activated Virtual Sensor Array with Machine Learning for Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Hu Jiawang , Qian Hao , Han Sanyang , Zhang Ping , Lu Yuan
Published: August 2024

Early non-invasive diagnosis of coronary heart disease (CHD) is critical. However, it is challenging to achieve accurate CHD diagnosis via detecting breath. In this work, heterostructured complexes of black phosphorus (BP) and two-dimensional carbide and nitride (MXene) with high gas sensitivity and photo responsiveness were formulated using a self-assembly strategy. A light-activated virtual sensor array (LAVSA) based on BP/Ti3C2Tx was prepared under photomodulation and further assembled into an instant gas sensing platform (IGSP). In addition, a machine learning (ML) algorithm was introduced to help the IGSP detect and recognize the signals of breath samples to diagnose CHD. Due to the synergistic effect of BP and Ti3C2Tx as well as photo excitation, the synthesized heterostructured complexes exhibited higher performance than pristine Ti3C2Tx, with a response value 26% higher than that of pristine Ti3C2Tx. In addition, with the help of a pattern recognition algorithm, LAVSA successfully detected and identified 15 odor molecules affiliated with alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, esters, and acids. Meanwhile, with the assistance of ML, the IGSP achieved 69.2% accuracy in detecting the breath odor of 45 volunteers from healthy people and CHD patients. In conclusion, an immediate, low-cost, and accurate prototype was designed and fabricated for the noninvasive diagnosis of CHD, which provided a generalized solution for diagnosing other diseases and other more complex application scenarios.
Development of bread wheat lines resistant to warrior yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) in a short time with the use of biotechnological methods
Authors: Salantur Ayten , Karaoğlu Cuma , Ölmez Fatih , Kızılgeçi Ferhat , Çetiner Buket , Turgay Emine Burcu , Mustafa Zemran , Kılıç Gökhan , Karaoğlu Tansu , Aydoğan Sinan
Published: August 2024

During the production of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), many diseases affect the yield and quality. One of the most important of these is yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici). When this disease creates an epidemic, it causes significant economic losses in wheat. Fungicides are widely used in disease control. In order to reduce the use of fungicides, the breeding of resistant cultivars, which is an environment-friendly and farmer-friendly approach, and the use of these cultivars in production are of vital importance. It is known that the Warrior race of yellow rust, which emerged in Europe in 2011, has overcome many important resistance genes except Yr-15, and wheat cultivars carrying those genes became susceptible. In this study, Yr-15 resistance gene was transferred to Tosunbey, which has high bread quality, with the help of KASP markers and homozygous DH lines were obtained using anther culture. Eighty-four of these lines were taken to the preliminary yield trial together with the Tosunbey standard cultivar. These lines were tested for grain yield, end-use quality and resistance to yellow rust. According to the trial results, 17 promising lines were selected among the Tosunbey-derived Yr-15 lines for advancement in a short period of totally 3 years. If one or more of these selected lines are registered, it will make a significant contribution to both the environment and the country's economy.
Towards a Less Habitable Ocean
Authors: Santana‐Falcón Yeray
Published: August 2024

Ocean warming and associated deoxygenation caused by anthropogenic global warming are impacting marine ecosystems. This article contextualizes and provides perspectives on key insights from a recently published study by Fröb et al. in Earth's Future (2024). The authors employ historical and high‐emission scenario simulations through a state‐of‐the‐art Earth system model to detect abrupt and persistent changes in the viability of marine habitats by leveraging an ecophysiological framework that quantifies how temperature and oxygen jointly limit the distribution of life in the ocean for a number of ecophysiotypes. A changepoint analysis is used to objectively detect shifts in decadal to multi‐decadal mean states in potential marine habitats. They observe a decrease in the ocean volume capable of providing viable habitats for those ecophysiotypes with positive sensitivity to hypoxia. About half of these decreases occur abruptly, thus highlighting potential risks on the capacity of marine organisms to cope with a changing environment.
A Folding Troposphere May Help Drive Cloud Formation
Authors: Bourzac Katherine
Published: August 2024

Scientists have observed atmospheric particles forming where the stratosphere folds into the troposphere, a finding that may deepen understanding of precipitation and climate.
Observational Evidence for Three Time‐Scale Modulations in the Pulsating Aurora
Authors: Chen Rui , Miyoshi Yoshizumi , Gao Xinliang , Lu Quanming , Tsurutani Bruce T. , Hosokawa Keisuke , Hori Tomoaki , Ogawa Yasunobu , Oyama Shin‐Ichiro , Kasahara Yoshiya , Matsuda Shoya , Nakamura Satoko , Matsuoka Ayako , Shinohara Iku
Published: August 2024

We report an Arase‐all sky imager (ASI) conjugate event in which the pulsating aurora (PsA) has a one‐to‐one correspondence with chorus bursts. Wavelet analysis displayed three peaks at ∼0.3 Hz, 4 Hz, and >10 Hz, corresponding to the main pulsation, internal modulation, and fast modulation, respectively. These correspond to the old terms of ∼5–15 s pulsations, chorus risers/elements and subelements/subpackets, respectively. Electron “microbursts” correspond to the 4‐Hz peak. The internal and fast modulations are further verified by the analysis based on fast Fourier transform analyses. Moreover, the spatial distributions of the Fourier spectral amplitude show that the internal and fast modulations are well‐structured within auroral patches. The above results indicate a paradigm shift away from quasilinear theory which implicitly assumes diffuse wave generation. The three time‐scale modulations are consistent with coherent chorus which has been theoretically argued to lead to pitch angle transport three orders of magnitude faster.
Multi‐Decadal Variability of Amundsen Sea Low Controlled by Natural Tropical and Anthropogenic Drivers
Authors: Dalaiden Quentin , Abram Nerilie J. , Goosse Hugues , Holland Paul R. , O’Connor Gemma K. , Topál Dániel
Published: August 2024

A crucial factor influencing the mass balance of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet is the Amundsen Sea Low (ASL), a climatological low‐pressure region situated off the West Antarctic coast. However, albeit the deepening of the ASL since the 1950s has been attributed to anthropogenic forcing, the multi‐decadal variability of the ASL remains poorly understood, because of a lack of long observations. Here, we apply a newly developed data assimilation method to reconstruct the ASL over 1870–2000. We study the forced and internal variability of the ASL using our new reconstruction in concert with existing large ensembles of climate model simulations. Our findings robustly demonstrate that an atmospheric teleconnection originating from the tropical Indo‐Pacific is the main driver of ASL variability at the multi‐decadal time scale, with resemblance to the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation. Since the mid‐20th century, anthropogenic forcing has emerged as a dominant contributor to the strengthening of the ASL.
Interactions and Multifrequency Radiation Characteristics of Bidirectional Leaders in Altitude‐Triggered Lightning
Authors: Fan Yanfeng , Zhang Yang , Lyu Weitao , Lu Gaopeng , Tian Yashun
Published: August 2024

Altitude‐triggered lightning provides favorable conditions for the research of bidirectional leader system. In the summer of 2023, altitude‐triggered lightning experiment was conducted on the Field Experiment Base on Lightning Sciences, China Meteorological Administration. The multifrequency radiation characteristics of bidirectional leaders and the interactions of both ends during the propagation are analyzed. Specifically, the discharge processes that produce LF‐MF magnetic radiations from bidirectional leaders are revealed by high‐speed images, and these LF‐MF radiations correspond to the VHF radiations generated by bidirectional leaders well. Unlike the strong correlation between LF‐MF radiation strengths and discharge intensities, the VHF radiation strengths exhibit significant variation even among similar‐intensity discharge events, as VHF radiations correspond to the random and microscopic discharge processes associated with streamers. Furthermore, the changes in leader speed and channel brightness before and after the initiation of bidirectional leaders indicate that the development of the two ends of bidirectional leaders is mutually reinforcing.
Reductions in Forest Resilience: Unraveling the Decoupling Between Gross Primary Productivity and Photosynthetic Efficiency
Authors: Zhang Yu , Liu Xiaohong , Wang Lixin , Zeng Xiaomin , Zhao Liangju , Wu Xiuchen , Luo Zhaohui , Yan Jianwu , Hong Yixue , Li Xing , Xiao Jingfeng
Published: August 2024

Ecosystem‐scale photosynthetic efficiency (EPE) is proposed as an effective indicator to quantify gross primary productivity (GPP), but how the coupling between EPE and GPP varies as vegetation resilience decreases has not been evaluated. Here, we quantified forest resilience with optimized Bayesian models. With the use of multisource satellite and modeling data, our study revealed that forests on the Loess Plateau and in the Qinba Mountains in China are experiencing rapid resilience loss and are already facing mortality warnings after 2010. Reductions in resilience also drove the marked decoupling of GPP from EPE. Notably, the decline in resilience was accompanied by a decrease in EPE in about 74% of the forests while GPP increased. The mechanism underlying this decoupling could be attributed to enhanced atmospheric water demand and soil water constraints. The dynamic relationships found here could help to improve forest mortality models and enhance photosynthesis‐based GPP evaluation.
GOLD Observations of the Thermospheric Response to the 10–12 May 2024 Gannon Superstorm
Authors: Evans J. S. , Correira J. , Lumpe J. D. , Eastes R. W. , Gan Q. , Laskar F. I. , Aryal S. , Wang W. , Burns A. G. , Beland S. , Cai X. , Codrescu M. , England S. , Greer K. , Krywonos A. , McClintock W. E. , Plummer T. , Veibell V.
Published: August 2024

After days of intense solar activity, active region AR3664 launched seven CMEs toward Earth producing an extreme G5 geomagnetic storm commencing at 17:05 UT on 10 May 2024. The storm impacted power grids, disrupted precision navigational systems used by farming equipment, and generated aurora seen around the globe. The storm produced remarkable effects on composition, temperature, and dynamics in the Earth's thermosphere that were observed by NASA's Global‐scale Observations of the Limb and Disk (GOLD) mission and are reported here for the first time. We use synoptic disk images of ΣO/N2 and neutral temperature (at ∼160 km) measured by GOLD to directly link dynamics resulting from the storm with dramatic changes in thermospheric composition and temperature. We observe a heretofore unseen spatial morphology simultaneously in ΣO/N2, neutral temperature, and total electron content. Equator‐to‐pole temperature differences reach 400 K with high latitude peak neutral temperatures near 160 km exceeding 1400 K.
QACDes: QoS-aware context-sensitive design of cyber-physical systems
Authors: Sidhanta Subhajit , Chokwitthaya Chanachok , Zhu Yimin , Mukhopadhyay Supratik
Published: August 2024

There is a lot of confusion and ambiguity regarding the quantification of the Quality of Service (QoS) of a system, especially for cyber-physical systems (CPS) involved in automating or controlling the operations in built environments and critical urban infrastructures, such as office buildings, factories, transportation systems, smart cities, etc. In these cases, the QoS, as experienced by human users, depends on the context in which they (i.e., humans) interact with these systems. Traditionally, the QoS of a CPS has been defined in terms of absolute metrics. Such measures are unable to take into account the variations in performance due to contextual factors arising out of different kinds of human interactions. Further, the QoS of a CPS has typically been evaluated by comparing the performance of the actual, fully realized system with the given QoS constraints only after the actual system has been completely developed. In the case of faults in the design exposed by observed deviations from the QoS constraints due to unpredicted variations in the contextual factors, the system needs to be re-designed and re-developed from scratch. Due to the above-mentioned reason, the validation approach associated with the traditional QoS makes the design of CPS systems prohibitively expensive, impractical, as well as infeasible in numerous application areas, such as civil and engineering works, since it may not be possible to modify the system once developed beyond a certain extent. To that end, we propose a context-aware definition of QoS of a CPS which facilitates the design of robust systems as elaborated below. In this paper, we define QoS as a function of contextual factors. A CPS designed according to our QoS specifications would always satisfy the QoS irrespective of any possible changes in contextual factors resulting from many different human interactions that may occur during operation of the system. We also present QACDes - a novel framework that provides a formal mechanism for validating the design of a CPS with respect to the specified QoS constraints at the design phase as well as after the realization of the actual system. QACDes can validate any given CPS, irrespective of its application domain, against a QoS guarantee: (A) as early as even before the design phase by comparing the proposed model with a baseline model, or (B) after the realization of the actual system based on logs collected from running the actual system. We consider a lighting control system that manages the light switches - switching it on/off depending on contextual factors, such as the presence of occupants and time of the day. Using the lighting control system in a building as a use case, we analyze and demonstrate the effectiveness of our QoS definition as well as the QACDes framework against the performance metric measured in an actual fully-realized CPS.
Nudging consumers about the issue of microplastics: an experimental auction study on valuation for sustainable food packaging
Authors: Nagy László Bendegúz , Nayga Rodolfo M. , Temesi Ágoston
Published: August 2024

Plastic, integral to food packaging since the 1950s, has become a global environmental concern due to its contribution to microplastic pollution. Microplastics harm ecosystems, impacting wildlife and human health. Amid increasing focus on sustainability, global initiatives target sustainable production and consumption, but consumers struggle to verify product claims, leading to potential greenwashing, particularly in the food industry. We conducted an experiment focusing on pasta products with varied packaging and labeling attributes. Findings suggest that consumers are willing to pay more for products with both biodegradable packaging and Product Environmental Footprint (PEF) labels, indicating heightened trust and perceived sustainability. Information about microplastics’ adverse environmental effects influenced consumer valuation, particularly among females, higher-income individuals, and those with stronger environmental concerns.
Noninstrumental Dysphagia Assessment and Screening: A Proposed Checklist
Authors: Brates Danielle , Peña-Chávez Rodolfo ,   on behalf of the FRONTIERS Collaborative
Published: August 2024

Purpose:

In the field of dysphagia research, there is a need to establish a framework for the critical appraisal of methodological reporting. A working group was formed to develop a tool to aid in such critical appraisal across various domains of dysphagia research (called the FRONTIERS [Framework for RigOr aNd Transparency In REseaRch on Swallowing] Framework). The goal of the current paper is to present and describe one domain of this tool: noninstrumental assessment and screening tools.

Method:

Methods describing the development of the FRONTIERS Framework and the associated tool are detailed in the prologue of this series.

Results:

A set of questions specific to the critical appraisal of transparency and rigor of research involving noninstrumental screening and assessment tools was developed. This included 13 “yes/no” questions, each of which is presented with a rationale for its inclusion and an example of its implementation.

Conclusions:

The use of this framework will serve researchers and those appraising the quality of research that uses noninstrumental dysphagia assessment and screening tools. More broadly, the FRONTIERS Framework will facilitate improved rigor and transparency across dysphagia research. Special considerations and future goals are discussed.
Sustainable solutions analysis of a bi-objective green inventory routing problem with heterogeneous fleet and different types of fuels
Authors: Mundim Arianne A.S. , Santos Maristela O. , Morabito Reinaldo
Published: August 2024

One of the main agents responsible for global warming is greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide (CO2) associated with fuel combustion. Most works in the literature address logistics transportation from an economic perspective, giving little attention to the existing trade-off with sustainability. In this work, we develop a bi-objective approach to the inventory routing problem with heterogeneous fleet, where we minimize costs while simultaneously reducing CO2 emissions. First, we present an explicit vehicular equation developed to calculate CO2 emissions for different types of vehicles and fuels. We demonstrate that this equation is statistically precise by conducting a study with a database in which machine learning techniques were applied to assess the predictive accuracy of CO2 emissions. The comparison between the explicit equation and machine learning models proves its efficacy as a suitable approximation for practical applications. Then, we propose an augmented ɛ-constrained method to find the efficient Pareto frontier using a branch-and-cut method. Computational experiments were conducted on 285 instances, of which 125 were adapted from the literature, solving the augmented ɛ-constrained optimally. Result analysis indicates the ability of the approach to trade off between economy and sustainability, where, on average, lexicographic solutions show a 58% reduction in emissions and a 36% increase in costs. We conclude with a managerial analysis providing insights into the proposed approach, highlighting the advantages of using different vehicles and fuels.
Strategic logistics service choices for online platforms: self-operated, third-party or agency logistics?
Authors: Yu Jing , Zhou Chi , Leng Mingming
Published: August 2024

Self-operated and third-party products in platform retailing can be delivered by self-operated or third-party physical distribution. However, how choosing the best logistics service mode represents a difficult problem for online platforms and sellers in practice. This paper analyzes the strategic logistics service mode choices for retail sales on an online platform. Equilibrium strategies are derived by solving game models considering three logistics service modes: self-operated, third-party and agency. The results show that the platform has an incentive to provide self-operated physical distribution to the seller when the distribution commission exceeds a threshold. More specifically, it achieves a win–win situation with the seller in the self-operated logistics service mode when the distribution commission falls within a moderate range. The platform is unwilling to provide any logistics services with a sufficient low distribution commission. Except in the case of high distribution commission and low self-operated distribution quality, the seller would prefer to accept the platform’s self-operated physical distribution. In addition, the third-party physical distribution company generally prefers the agency logistics service mode unless the self-operated distribution quality and commission are high.
Analysis of LNG flow and enhanced heat transfer characteristics within tubes with structural enhancements
Authors: Tian Zhongyun , Zheng Wenke
Published: August 2024

Natural gas is widely used as a clean energy source and because of its convenient transportation, high calorific value, and large reserves. It is therefore of great importance to study its liquefaction characteristics to improve its utilization rate and reduce energy consumption. In this paper, the liquid flow and heat transfer characteristics of natural gas in spiral tubes (both smooth tubes and those with internal structural enhancements such as grooves and ribs) are studied by numerical simulations. The results indicate that the structural enhancements have a notable impact on the fluid pressure drop, but no significant influence on the heat transfer coefficient. When a structural enhancement is aligns closely with the corresponding location of high-speed fluid flow, both the pressure drop and heat transfer tend to increase. However, the overall heat transfer coefficient does not reach a high level, despite these structural enhancements. Increasing the number of ribs increases the heat transfer capacity, while smaller ribs with enhanced surfaces are particularly beneficial for improving the overall heat transfer efficiency. An additional analysis is conducted on the temperature and velocity distributions of natural gas flow in the tubes, and the relationships between pressure drop, heat transfer coefficient, gas inlet velocity, and volume fraction during natural gas liquefaction are compared. Furthermore, the impact of the number, position, and size of the structural enhancements on condensation in the tubes is discussed, and a comprehensive evaluation factor is introduced.
Mice lacking
Astn2
have ASD-like behaviors and altered cerebellar circuit properties
Authors: Hanzel Michalina , Fernando Kayla , Maloney Susan E. , Horn Zachi , Gong Shiaoching , Mätlik Kärt , Zhao Jiajia , Pasolli H. Amalia , Heissel Søren , Dougherty Joseph D. , Hull Court , Hatten Mary E.
Published: August 2024

Astrotactin 2 (ASTN2) is a transmembrane neuronal protein highly expressed in the cerebellum that functions in receptor trafficking and modulates cerebellar Purkinje cell (PC) synaptic activity. Individuals with
ASTN2
mutations exhibit neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), learning difficulties, and language delay. To provide a genetic model for the role of the cerebellum in ASD-related behaviors and study the role of ASTN2 in cerebellar circuit function, we generated global and PC-specific conditional
Astn2
knockout (KO and cKO, respectively) mouse lines.
Astn2
KO mice exhibit strong ASD-related behavioral phenotypes, including a marked decrease in separation-induced pup ultrasonic vocalization calls, hyperactivity, repetitive behaviors, altered behavior in the three-chamber test, and impaired cerebellar-dependent eyeblink conditioning. Hyperactivity and repetitive behaviors are also prominent in
Astn2
cKO animals, but they do not show altered behavior in the three-chamber test. By Golgi staining,
Astn2
KO PCs have region-specific changes in dendritic spine density and filopodia numbers. Proteomic analysis of
Astn2
KO cerebellum reveals a marked upregulation of ASTN2 family member, ASTN1, a neuron–glial adhesion protein. Immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy demonstrate a significant increase in Bergmann glia volume in the molecular layer of
Astn2
KO animals. Electrophysiological experiments indicate a reduced frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs), as well as increased amplitudes of both spontaneous EPSCs and inhibitory postsynaptic currents in the
Astn2
KO animals, suggesting that pre- and postsynaptic components of synaptic transmission are altered. Thus, ASTN2 regulates ASD-like behaviors and cerebellar circuit properties.
Universal cold RNA phase transitions
Authors: Rissone Paolo , Severino Aurélien , Pastor Isabel , Ritort Felix
Published: August 2024

RNA’s diversity of structures and functions impacts all life forms since primordia. We use calorimetric force spectroscopy to investigate RNA folding landscapes in previously unexplored low-temperature conditions. We find that Watson–Crick RNA hairpins, the most basic secondary structure elements, undergo a glass-like transition below

T
G

∼
20
°

C where the heat capacity abruptly changes and the RNA folds into a diversity of misfolded structures. We hypothesize that an altered RNA biochemistry, determined by sequence-independent ribose–water interactions, outweighs sequence-dependent base pairing. The ubiquitous ribose–water interactions lead to universal RNA phase transitions below
T

G

, such as maximum stability at

T
S

∼
5
°

C where water density is maximum, and cold denaturation at

T
C

∼
−
50
°

C. RNA cold biochemistry may have a profound impact on RNA function and evolution.
Compression of Battery X-Ray Tomography Data with Machine Learning
Authors: Yan 颜 Zipei 子沛 , Wang 王 Qiyu 其钰 , Yu 禹 Xiqian 习谦 , Li 李 Jizhou 济舟 , K.-P. Ng 吴 Michael 国宝
Published: August 2024

With the increasing demand for high-resolution x-ray tomography in battery characterization, the challenges of storing, transmitting, and analyzing substantial imaging data necessitate more efficient solutions. Traditional data compression methods struggle to balance reduction ratio and image quality, often failing to preserve critical details for accurate analysis. This study proposes a machine learning-assisted compression method tailored for battery x-ray imaging data. Leveraging physics-informed representation learning, our approach significantly reduces file sizes without sacrificing meaningful information. We validate the method on typical battery materials and different x-ray imaging techniques, demonstrating its effectiveness in preserving structural and chemical details. Experimental results show an up-to-95 compression ratio while maintaining high fidelity in the projection and reconstructed images. The proposed framework provides a promising solution for managing large-scale battery x-ray imaging datasets, facilitating significant advancements in battery research and development.
Dual-objective optimal scheduling of grid-connected distributed photovoltaic systems considering life loss cost of energy storage
Authors: Li Yiming , Jin Xiaobing , Ma Tengfei , Sun Jian , Ke Deping , Xu Jian
Published: August 2024

Large-scale distributed photovoltaic (PV) connected to the grid brings great risk to the safety operation. Measures of cutting PV to reduce active power input are widely taken to stabilize the voltage during periods of large PV output, resulting in energy waste and economic losses for PV operators. To reduce PV cutting, energy storage (ES) units are considered to be applied to the distribution system with the cost of the ES operating model and the cost of the life loss model. Then, based on the Distflow model of power transmission constraint, a two-objective optimization model, including the minimum of comprehensive operating cost and the active power reduction by cutting PV is established. Lastly, to select a compromise solution, the linear membership function is used to search for the maximum satisfaction scheme from the Pareto solution set. The simulation of the IEEE 33-nodes example verifies the effectiveness of the proposed two-objective optimization model. Pareto solution sets with different weight coefficients provide a reference for decision makers and the maximum satisfaction scheme based on the linear membership function is a compromise solution of double objective function. The balance of the two strategies is realized while the voltage is not exceeded.
Short-term wind speed prediction based on time series trends and periodic characteristics
Authors: Li Jiawei , Han Xiaoming
Published: August 2024

In order to improve the accuracy of short-term wind speed prediction and ensure the stable operation of wind farms, a hybrid model combining contrast learning, convolutional neural network, and Transformer network is proposed to decouple and predict the period and trend characteristics of wind speed series to improve the accuracy of wind speed prediction. Based on the mutual information theory of contrast learning, the model uses the contrast loss function to train the adaptive convolutional module to extract the general information between the data of different periods and obtain the periodic features in the data. The trend characteristics of data are extracted through the Transformer network, and the two types of characteristics are combined for prediction. The model is verified by using an open data set, and the results show that the prediction error is effectively reduced by using this model to predict short-term wind speed.
Experimental research on heating performance of solar energy coupled with water source heat pump system
Authors: Gao Xuefeng , Zhang Xiaohan , Li Zhiyong , Han Bo
Published: August 2024

This paper establishes an experimental platform for a solar energy coupled water source heat pump system, tests the performance curve of the heat pump, and analyzes the system’s operational performance. The experimental study shows that under the conditions of compressor power (0.7 kW-2.2 kW) and evaporator inlet water temperature (14°C-21°C), for every 1°C increase in the heat pump inlet temperature, the Coefficient of Performance (COP) improves by an average of 0.07, and the heating capacity increases by an average of 0.15 kW; for every 0.4 kW increase in compressor power, the COP decreases by about 0.7, and the heating capacity increases by an average of 0.47 kW. The inlet and outlet temperatures of each component of the water source heat pump are related to the evaporator inlet water temperature. As the evaporator inlet water temperature rises, the inlet and outlet temperatures of all components increase, and vice versa. A standalone water source heat pump heating system, with a compressor power of 1 kW, has a COP of only 3.82, gradually decreasing as the power increases. The minimum COP of the solar-coupled water source heat pump system is 3.86, and it gradually increases with the intensity of solar radiation. This composite system not only improves the overall energy efficiency of the system but also avoids the high-power consumption drawbacks of traditional heat pumps. It can serve as one of the optional heating solutions for rural small-area residences.
Decarbonization management of solvent-storage carbon capture power plant
Authors: Wang Lingxian , Dai Bo , Zhao Xinyu , Mo Fanghua , Zhao Yueshan , Li Xiaodong
Published: August 2024

The imperative to mitigate climate change and protect the environment has placed traditional coal-fired power plants (CFPPs), major sources of carbon emissions, under severe scrutiny. Amid this context, the rapid growth of renewable energy sources, especially wind power, presents both an opportunity and a challenge in achieving a sustainable power system transition without undermining grid stability. Thus, this critical issue is settled by proposing the use of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology to upgrade conventional CFPPs. The research highlights the urgent need to reduce carbon emissions and the pivotal role of CCS in this endeavor. Meanwhile, the implementation of solvent-storage carbon capture power plants (CCPP) and the integration with wind power are being conducted. Through rigorous simulation experiments, the study validates the effectiveness of CCPP in significantly lowering carbon emissions while enhancing the capability of power plants to incorporate wind energy. This work provides essential insights and a practical framework for the future application and development of CCS technology in optimizing power systems.
Research on heat distribution and heat efficiency improvement in the middle and late stages of SAGD
Authors: He Wanjun , Zhang Junhao , Luo Chihui , Guo Hao , Wang Zhuangzhuang , Li Boliang , Li Binfei
Published: August 2024

Challenges faced in heavy oil development include low efficiency in heat utilization and high energy consumption. Numerical simulation methods were employed to study the thermal distribution and clarify the thermal evolution law during the middle and later stages of SAGD, aiming to enhance heat utilization efficiency. Furthermore, the impacts of reservoir conditions and nitrogen injection on thermal distribution in the intermediate-to-late stages of SAGD were investigated. The research results indicate that in the intermediate-to-late stages of SAGD development, the proportion of heat loss gradually increases, while the proportion of heat absorbed by the reservoir decreases. By the later stage of SAGD, the thermal distribution is basically stable, with the reservoir absorbing only 35%-40% of the heat, the cap rock heat loss accounting for about 30%, and the heat carried by the output fluid comprising approximately 30%. Besides, an increase in permeability and reservoir thickness in reservoir conditions leads to an increase in the proportion of heat absorbed by the reservoir. Additionally, injecting nitrogen during the middle stage of SAGD can reduce heat loss in the later stage and increase the proportion of heat absorbed by the reservoir.
Design and economic analysis of photothermal coupled compressed air energy storage system
Authors: Hu Zhenhai , Tian Yingnan , Zhang Xuelin , Zhou Zuxu , Wang Zijie , Chi Ran , Dong Zhen , Lai Yanhua
Published: August 2024

A 10 MW photothermal coupled compressed air energy storage system is established. The cycle efficiency of the system is increased greatly by adding a solar heat collector. The cycle efficiency is 77.57%, which is increased by 12.88%. In addition, the sensitivity of the system parameters to the change of environmental parameters is low through sensitivity analysis. Finally, the system’s economic analysis is carried out by using the whole life cycle evaluation method, and the income under the power spot market model is calculated. According to the calculation results, the capacity cost of the system is 5, 897.23 yuan /kW, the kWh cost is 0.53 yuan /kWh, the net present value is 2, 306.09 thousand yuan, the static investment payback period is 9.1 years, the dynamic investment payback period is 14.5 years, the rate of return on investment is 12.36%, and the internal rate of return is 11.95%.
Impedance characterization of battery aging paths in energy storage operation mode
Authors: Wang Kaifeng , Chen Jizhong , Yan Tao , Yang Shuili , Zhao Jun , Chang Xiao , Zhang Min
Published: August 2024

Batteries in different energy storage operation modes show different aging paths, reflecting the differences in the electrochemical impedance characterization of batteries. This paper uses the rated capacity of 60Aꞏh lithium-ion battery for energy storage as an experimental object, analyzes the aging paths of battery in different energy storage operation conditions, respectively, and analyzes the impedance characteristics of the battery before and after the cycle. The results show that the battery ohmic impedance increases to varying degrees in various conditions, indicating that some degree of aging of the battery after cycling can be slowed down by applying a combined path to the battery. The results show that the ohmic impedance of the battery in each condition increases to different degrees, indicating that the battery has a certain degree of aging after cycling, and the aging speed of the battery can be slowed down. Analyzing impedance characteristics of the different aging paths of the battery under different operating conditions can provide support for the optimal operation strategy from the perspective of the internal mechanism of the battery.
Battery state of health estimation based on voltage relaxation and an improved online sequential extreme learning machine
Authors: Yang Zhigang , Tian Yi , Dong Xinyu , Wu Lifeng
Published: August 2024

Accurate online estimation of battery state of health (SOH) is crucial for the safety and stability of electronic devices. In reality, the complete operating information is difficult to obtain, making it hard to extract suitable features. Moreover, the online sequential extreme learning machine (OS-ELM) cannot dynamically adjust the model based on the temporal relations of samples, resulting in poor learning ability for temporal features. To address these problems, this paper proposes an OS-ELM with a forgetting learning mechanism (FLOS-ELM). First, features are extracted from the relaxation curves independent of the charging/discharging process. Then, a forgetting learning mechanism is introduced in the OS-ELM to update the model adaptively and improve the ability to capture temporal features and learn online. Finally, a mapping model of degradation features and SOH is constructed via the proposed FLOS-ELM to achieve accurate SOH estimation. Experimental results on the publicly available datasets show that the RMSE is 0.9%, verifying the validity and accuracy of the model.
State of lithium-ion battery health evaluation based on reconstructed health features and DBO-CNN-GRU
Authors: Li Yuqi , Zhang Yanrong
Published: August 2024

In the feature extraction process of battery health state estimation, redundant features will lead to the increase of model complexity and exponential growth of training parameters, while a single feature will lose local features and lead to the decrease of battery health state estimation accuracy. Therefore, it is very significant to choose appropriate features to represent the health state. In this paper, a CNN-GRU model combining reconstructed health features and a DBO optimization algorithm is proposed for battery health state estimation. Firstly, the health features are extracted from the voltage and current data of the lithium-ion battery during charging and discharging. Secondly, the optimal variational mode decomposition is used to decompose the health features, and the DBO is introduced to optimize the hyperparametric of the CNN-GRU model. Finally, the NASA battery dataset is selected to design comparative experiments of different models. The results show that SOH can be predicted more accurately based on the reconstructed health features and DBO-CNN-GRU model, which verifies the feasibility of the proposed method.
Design of on-board energy storage system using SiC MOSFET
Authors: Pu Weijie
Published: August 2024

The use of energy storage devices instead of braking resistors has been proposed to better achieve train braking energy recovery and reduce DC bus voltage fluctuation during traction braking. In order to minimize volume and weight and achieve on-board installation, this paper adopts a design scheme that integrates a single-phase bidirectional Buck/Boost circuit and a supercapacitor, using SiC MOSFET to further improve performance and power density. The control method adopts a double closed-loop control of the outer loop of the network voltage and the inner loop of the inductance current to achieve efficient constant current charging and discharging of the supercapacitors. Finally, the functionality of the system was verified by simulation and experiment.
Adaptive droop control strategy considering hybrid energy storage power allocation
Authors: Zheng Hua , Xie Li , Zhai Hao , Zhao Liangliang , Li Changling , Yi Geng , Ye Xiaoyu , Peng Pei
Published: August 2024

To maximize the advantages of hybrid energy storage in reducing frequency deviations, this study proposes a power allocation strategy for hybrid energy storage based on dynamic adjustable droop control. The strategy is demonstrated by utilizing an energy storage station composed of supercapacitors and lithium-ion batteries. Based on the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage, the droop coefficient is dynamically adjusted using a logistic curve. Subsequently, the power demand of the hybrid power station is calculated. Additionally, an appropriate frequency regulation deadband is set to prevent system frequency from exceeding limits. Within the deadband, SOC self-recovery is considered to prevent frequency excursions. Outside the frequency regulation deadband, power allocation is determined by the state of charge of the hybrid energy storage system. Finally, simulation analyses using MATLAB/Simulink are conducted for step and continuous disturbances. The findings indicate that the devised control approach successfully enhances the performance of frequency control and refines frequency characteristics.
An Optimized charging method for lithium-ion batteries based on strain
Authors: Ren Wenju , Yi Yuan , Xie Xinyu , Qi Chenyang , Yang Yuhang , Zheng Taixiong
Published: August 2024

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are widely used in multiple fields due to their high efficiency and environmental protection characteristics. However, during rapid charging, the internal strain of the battery may lead to performance degradation and shortened lifespan. In the study, the LIBs are charged at different charge rates, and their strain value is measured at the same time. It is found that the strain is closely related to the charge rate. Based on this, a 2C-1C CCCV charging strategy is proposed, which can ensure the charging speed while effectively suppressing the strain increase, reducing the stress of the battery, and prolonging the battery life. This discovery provides a new theoretical basis for rapid charging and helps promote the development of new energy technologies.
An EGLOF method for tidal stream turbine blade impact fault detection
Authors: Wu Zhen , Wang Tianzhen
Published: August 2024

The fault detection of blade impact fault using the stator current signals can improve the stability of the Tidal Stream Turbine (TST) operation. However, the current signals are disturbed by waves and turbulence, which leads to a high false alarm rate for fault detection. This paper proposes an envelope geometric local outlier factor method (EGLOF) to solve this problem, which is divided into three steps: Firstly, the signal envelope samples are extracted by using the Teager-Kaiser energy operator (TKEO). Then, the geometric features of the envelope samples are calculated by the sliding window technique. Finally, the local outlier factor (LOF) model is introduced to calculate EGLOF values to detect the impact fault. The experimental results show that the proposed method has a lower false alarm rate compared with the traditional methods.
Design and application of multi-level grid agc collaborative control scheme adapting to distributed new energy control
Authors: Jiang Xinfan , Hu Dijun , Zhang Tailei , Wu Jinbo , Liu Li , Wang Mingli
Published: August 2024

The proportion of installed capacity and output of new energy generation in China has been increasing year by year. Due to the volatility, randomness, and unpredictability of new energy, the load fluctuation in the power grid is more frequent, and the demand for AGC regulation is intensifying. The proportion of conventional power AGC resources capacity is decreasing, and new energy will increasingly become a new type of AGC resource. However, the low voltage and distributed characteristics of new energy pose a challenge to the existing power grid AGC system targeting high voltage and large capacity AGC resources. This paper designs a multi-level grid AGC collaborative architecture suitable for new energy access control, proposes a collaborative strategy between conventional power AGC and new energy AGC, and proposes a provincial and prefectural AGC collaborative control scheme including model design, information exchange, and security verification. The scheme presented in the paper has been successfully applied in provincial and prefectural power grid dispatch automation systems.
Enhancing multi-resonant MCR WPT systems: A novel multi-frequency transmission approach with unipolar PWM and QEP-based analysis
Authors: Guo Zhirou , Chen Yiwei , Liu Jiaqing , Wang Yifan , Chen Kaijie , Wang Weisen , Ye Huaiwen
Published: August 2024

This paper introduces a multi-frequency resonant wireless energy transmission system employing a single-transmit multi-receive magnetic coupling structure, effectively overcoming the limitations of traditional single-frequency systems. Implementing a multi-frequency pulse width modulation strategy optimizes the energy transmission across multiple magnetically coupled resonant frequencies, significantly enhancing system adaptability and device compatibility. Additionally, the paper utilizes the Quadratic Eigenvalue Problem (QEP) as an analytical tool, strengthening the theoretical foundation for system design and optimization. Experimental validation confirms the technical feasibility of the proposed method, paving a new path for the development of wireless energy transmission technology.
Short-term photovoltaic power combination prediction based on DBO-VMD and CPO-LSTM
Authors: Li Dahua , Hao Hao , Li Dong , Gao Qiang , Tian He
Published: August 2024

Regarding how to promote the accuracy of photovoltaic power generation prediction, a photovoltaic power prediction model based on Dung Beetle Optimizer (DBO), Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD), Crested Porcupine Optimizer (CPO), and Long Short-Term Memory Network (LSTM) is established. First, the DBO is used to optimize the VMD parameters. Then, the power data is decomposed by using VMD. Secondly, an LSTM prediction model is established for each decomposed component, and the hyperparameters of the LSTM model are optimized by using CPO. Last, each component model is trained and tested, and the final power prediction result is obtained by superimposing the prediction results of each component. The experiment shows that the model can achieve good prediction performance in different seasonal types and compares it with other models to verify the effectiveness of this model.