bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Context Tree Maximizing
Authors: Nguyen Phuong , Sunehag Peter , Hutter Marcus
Published: June 2022

Recent developments in reinforcement learning for non-Markovianproblems witness a surge in history-based methods, among which weare particularly interested in two frameworks, PhiMDP and MC-AIXI-CTW. PhiMDP attempts to reduce the general RL problem, where the environment's states and dynamics are both unknown, toan MDP, while MC-AIXI-CTW incrementally learns a mixture of contexttrees as its environment model. The main idea of PhiMDP is toconnect generic reinforcement learning with classical reinforcementlearning. The first implementation of PhiMDP relies on astochastic search procedure for finding a tree that minimizes acertain cost function. This does not guarantee finding theminimizing tree, or even a good one, given limited search time. As aconsequence it appears that the approach has difficulties with largedomains. MC-AIXI-CTW is attractive in that it can incrementally andanalytically compute the internal model through interactions withthe environment. Unfortunately, it is computationally demanding dueto requiring heavy planning simulations at every single time step.We devise a novel approach called CTMRL, which analytically andefficiently finds the cost-minimizing tree. Instead of thecontext-tree weighting method that MC-AIXI-CTW is based on, we usethe closely related context-tree maximizing algorithm that selectsjust one single tree. This approach falls under the PhiMDPframework, which allows the replacement of the costly planningcomponent of MC-AIXI-CTW with simple Q-Learning. Our empiricalinvestigation show that CTMRL finds policies of quality as good as MC-AIXI-CTW's on sixdomains including a challenging Pacman domain, but in an order ofmagnitude less time.
Learning Games from Videos Guided by Descriptive Complexity
Authors: Kaiser Lukasz
Published: June 2022

In recent years, several systems have been proposed that learn the rules of a simple card or board game solely from visual demonstration. These systems were constructed for specific games and rely on substantial background knowledge. We introduce a general system for learning board game rules from videos and demonstrate it on several well-known games. The presented algorithm requires only a few demonstrations and minimal background knowledge, and, having learned the rules, automatically derives position evaluation functions and can play the learned games competitively. Our main technique is based on descriptive complexity, i.e. the logical means necessary to define a set of interest. We compute formulas defining allowed moves and final positions in a game in different logics and select the most adequate ones. We show that this method is well-suited for board games and there is strong theoretical evidence that it will generalize to other problems.
Multi-Label Learning on Tensor Product Graph
Authors: Jiang Jonathan
Published: June 2022

A large family of graph-based semi-supervised algorithms have been developed intuitively and pragmatically for the multi-label learning problem. These methods, however, only implicitly exploited the label correlation, as either part of graph weight or an additional constraint, to improve overall classification performance. Despite their seemingly quite different formulations, we show that all existing approaches can be uniformly referred to as a Label Propagation (LP) or Random Walk with Restart (RWR) on a Cartesian Product Graph (CPG). Inspired by this discovery, we introduce a new framework for multi-label classification task, employing the Tensor Product Graph (TPG) — the tensor product of the data graph with the class (label) graph — in which not only the intra-class but also the inter-class associations are explicitly represented as weighted edges among graph vertices. In stead of computing directly on TPG, we derive an iterative algorithm, which is guaranteed to converge and with the same computational complexity and the same amount of storage as the standard label propagation on the original data graph. Applications to four benchmark multi-label data sets illustrate that our method outperforms several state-of-the-art approaches.
Generating Coherent Summaries with Textual Aspects
Authors: Zhang Renxian , Li Wenjie , Gao Dehong
Published: June 2022

Initiated by TAC 2010, aspect-guided summaries not only address specific user need, but also ameliorate content-level coherence by using aspect information. This paper presents a full-fledged system composed of three modules: finding sentence-level textual aspects, modeling aspect-based coherence with an HMM model, and selecting and ordering sentences with aspect information to generate coherent summaries. The evaluation results on the TAC 2011 datasets show the superiority of aspect-guided summaries in terms of both information coverage and textual coherence.
Collective Nominal Semantic Role Labeling for Tweets
Authors: Liu Xiaohua , Fu Zhongyang , Wei Furu , Zhou Ming
Published: June 2022

Tweets have become an increasingly popular source of fresh information. We investigate the task of Nominal Semantic Role Labeling (NSRL) for tweets, which aims to identify predicate-argument structures defined by nominals in tweets. Studies of this task can help fine-grained information extraction and retrieval from tweets. There are two main challenges in this task: 1) The lack of information in a single tweet, rooted in the short and noisy nature of tweets; and 2) recovery of implicit arguments. We propose jointly conducting NSRL on multiple similar tweets using a graphical model, leveraging the redundancy in tweets to tackle these challenges. Extensive evaluations on a human annotated data set demonstrate that our method outperforms two baselines with an absolute gain of 2.7% in F1.
The Linear Distance Traveling Tournament Problem
Authors: Hoshino Richard , Kawarabayashi Ken-ichi
Published: June 2022

We introduce a linear distance relaxation of the n-team Traveling Tournament Problem (TTP), a simple yet powerful heuristic that temporarily "assumes"' the n teams are located on a straight line, thereby reducing the n(n–1)/2 pairwise distance parameters to just n–1 variables. The modified problem then becomes easier to analyze, from which we determine an approximate solution for the actual instance on n teams. We present combinatorial techniques to solve the Linear Distance TTP (LD-TTP) for n = 4 and n = 6, without any use of computing, generating the complete set of optimal distances regardless of where the n teams are located. We show that there are only 295 non-isomorphic schedules that can be a solution to the 6-team LD-TTP, and demonstrate that in all previously-solved benchmark TTP instances on 6 teams, the distance-optimal schedule appears in this list of 295, even when the six teams are arranged in a circle or located in three-dimensional space. We then extend the LD-TTP to multiple rounds, and apply our theory to produce a nearly-optimal regular-season schedule for the Nippon Pro Baseball league in Japan. We conclude the paper by generalizing our theory to the n-team LD-TTP, producing a feasible schedule whose total distance is guaranteed to be no worse than 4/3 times the optimal solution.
POMDPs Make Better Hackers: Accounting for Uncertainty in Penetration Testing
Authors: Sarraute Carlos , Buffet Olivier , Hoffmann Jörg
Published: June 2022

Penetration Testing is a methodology for assessing network security, by generating and executing possible hacking attacks. Doing so automatically allows for regular and systematic testing. A key question is how to generate the attacks. This is naturally formulated as planning under uncertainty, i.e., under incomplete knowledge about the network configuration. Previous work uses classical planning, and requires costly pre-processes reducing this uncertainty by extensive application of scanning methods. By contrast, we herein model the attack planning problem in terms of partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDP). This allows to reason about the knowledge available, and to intelligently employ scanning actions as part of the attack. As one would expect, this accurate solution does not scale. We devise a method that relies on POMDPs to find good attacks on individual machines, which are then composed into an attack on the network as a whole. This decomposition exploits network structure to the extent possible, making targeted approximations (only) where needed. Evaluating this method on a suitably adapted industrial test suite, we demonstrate its effectiveness in both runtime and solution quality.
A Multi-Path Compilation Approach to Contingent Planning
Authors: Brafman Ronen , Shani Guy
Published: June 2022

We describe a new sound and complete method forcompiling contingent planning problems with sensingactions into classical planning. Our method encodesconditional plans within a linear, classicalplan. This allows our planner, MPSR, to reasonabout multiple future outcomes of sensing actions,and makes it less susceptible to dead-ends. MPRS,however, generates very large classical planningproblems. To overcome this, we use an incompletevariant of the method, based on state sampling,within an online replanner. On most currentdomains, MPSR finds plans faster, although itsplans are often longer. But on a new challengingvariant of Wumpus with dead-ends, it finds smallerplans, faster, and scales much better.
Belief Functions on Distributive Lattices
Authors: Zhou Chunlai
Published: June 2022

The Dempster-Shafer theory of belief functions is an important approach to deal with uncertainty in AI.In the theory, belief functions are defined on Boolean algebras of events. In many applications of belief functions in real world problems, however, the objects that we manipulateis no more a Boolean algebra but a distributive lattice. In this paper, we extend the Dempster-Shafer theory to the setting of distributive lattices, which has a mathematical theory as attractive as in that of Boolean algebras.Moreover, we apply this more general theory to a simple epistemic logic the first-degree-entailment fragment of relevance logic R, provide a sound and complete axiomatization for reasoning about belief functions for this logic and show that the complexity of the satisfiability problem of a belief formula with respect to the class of the corresponding Dempster-Shafer structures is NP-complete.
Approximating the Sum Operation for Marginal-MAP Inference
Authors: Cheng Qiang , Chen Feng , Dong Jianwu , Xu Wenli , Ihler Alexander
Published: June 2022

We study the marginal-MAP problem on graphical models, and present a novel approximation method based on direct approximation of the sum operation. A primary difficulty of marginal-MAP problems lies in the non-commutativity of the sum and max operations, so that even in highly structured models, marginalization may produce a densely connected graph over the variables to be maximized, resulting in an intractable potential function with exponential size. We propose a chain decomposition approach for summing over the marginalized variables, in which we produce a structured approximation to the MAP component of the problem consisting of only pairwise potentials. We show that this approach is equivalent to the maximization of a specific variational free energy, and it provides an upper bound of the optimal probability. Finally, experimental results demonstrate that our method performs favorably compared to previous methods.
Symbolic Variable Elimination for Discrete and Continuous Graphical Models
Authors: Sanner Scott , Abbasnejad Ehsan
Published: June 2022

Probabilistic reasoning in the real-world often requires inference incontinuous variable graphical models, yet there are few methods for exact, closed-form inference when joint distributions are non-Gaussian. To address this inferential deficit, we introduce SVE -- a symbolic extension of the well-known variable elimination algorithm to perform exact inference in an expressive class of mixed discrete and continuous variable graphical models whose conditional probability functions can be well-approximated as piecewise combinations of polynomials with bounded support. Using this representation, we show that we can compute all of the SVE operations exactly and in closed-form, which crucially includes definite integration w.r.t. multivariate piecewise polynomial functions. To aid in the efficient computation and compact representation of this solution, we use an extended algebraic decision diagram (XADD) data structure that supports all SVE operations. We provide illustrative results for SVE on probabilistic inference queries inspired by robotics localization and tracking applications that mix various continuous distributions; this represents the first time a general closed-form exact solution has been proposed for this expressive class of discrete/continuous graphical models.
Mining Context-Aware Significant Travel Sequences from Geotagged Social Media
Authors: Majid Abdul , Chen Ling , Mirza Hamid , Hussain Ibrar , Chen Gencai
Published: June 2022

Geotagged photos of users on social media site, i.e., Flickr provide plentiful location-based data, which has been exploited for location-based services, such as mapping geotags to places and recommendation of personalized landmarks. As users’ preferences to visit a location or multiple locations in a certain sequence could be affected by their current temporal, and weather context. This paper considers the problem of mining context-aware significant semantic travel sequences from geotagged photos.
Matching State-Based Sequences with Rich Temporal Aspects
Authors: Zheng Aihua , Ma Jixin , Tang Jin , Luo Bin
Published: June 2022

A General Similarity Measurement (GSM), which takes into account of both non-temporal and rich temporal aspects including temporal order, temporal duration and temporal gap, is proposed for state-sequence matching. It is believed to be versatile enough to subsume representative existing measurements as its special cases.
Large Scale Temporal RDFS Reasoning Using MapReduce
Authors: Liu Chang , Qi Guilin , Yu Yong
Published: June 2022

In this work, we build a large scale reasoning engine under temporal RDFS semantics using MapReduce. We identify the major challenges of applying MapReduce framework to reason over temporal information, and present our solutions to tackle them.
Exploiting Shared Resource Dependencies in Spectrum Based Plan Diagnosis
Authors: Gupta Shekhar , Roos Nico , Witteveen Cees , Price Bob , DeKleer Johan
Published: June 2022

In case of a plan failure, plan-repair is a more promising solution than replanning from scratch. The effectiveness of plan-repair depends on knowledge of which plan action failed and why. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an Extended Spectrum Based Diagnosis approach that efficiently pinpoints failed actions. Unlike Model Based Diagnosis (MBD), it does not require the fault models and behavioral descriptions of actions. Our approach first computes the likelihood of an action being faulty and subsequently proposes optimal probe locations to refine the diagnosis. We also exploit knowledge of plan steps that are instances of the same plan operator to optimize the selection of the most informative diagnostic probes. In this paper, we only focus on diagnostic aspect of plan-repair process.
Failure Handling In a Planning Framework
Authors: Karapinar Sertac , Sariel-Talay Sanem
Published: June 2022

When an agent plans a sequence of actions, some unexpected events may occur during the execution of these actions. These unexpected events may prevent the agent to replan and achieve its goal. In this work, our purpose is to recover from plan execution failures by reasoning the causes of these faulties. We combine the TLPlan forward chaining temporal planner with the PROBCOG reasoning tool in order to handle failures. It is also quite important to decide whether the failure we are dealing with is permanent. We propose that inferring some properties of the failure source helps us handle failures and determine the failure types.
Search-Based Path Planning with Homotopy Class Constraints in 3D
Authors: Bhattacharya Subhrajit , Likhachev Maxim , Kumar Vijay
Published: June 2022

Homotopy classes of trajectories, arising due to the presence of obstacles, are defined as sets of trajectories that can be transformed into each other by gradual bending and stretching without colliding with obstacles. The problem of exploring/finding the different homotopy classes in an environment and the problem of finding least-cost paths restricted to a specific homotopy class (or not belonging to certain homotopy classes) arises frequently in such applications as predicting paths for unpredictable entities and deployment of multiple agents for efficient exploration of an environment. In [Bhattacharya, Kumar, Likhachev, AAAI 2010] we have shown how homotopy classes of trajectories on a two-dimensional plane with obstacles can be classified and identified using the Cauchy Integral Theorem and the Residue Theorem from Complex Analysis. In more recent work [Bhattacharya, Likhachev, Kumar, RSS 2011] we extended this representation to three-dimensional spaces by exploiting certain laws from the Theory of Electromagnetism (Biot-Savart law and Ampere's Law) for representing and identifying homotopy classes in three dimensions in an efficient way. Using such a representation, we showed that homotopy class constraints can be seamlessly weaved into graph search techniques for determining optimal path constrained to certain homotopy classes or forbidden from others, as well as for exploring different homotopy classes in an environment. (This is a condensed, non-technical overview of work previously published in the proceedings of Robotics: Science and Systems, 2011 conference [Bhattacharya, Likhachev, Kumar, RSS 2011].)
Research Challenges in Combinatorial Search
Authors: Korf Richard
Published: June 2022

I provide a personal view of some of the major research challenges in the area of combinatorial search. These include solving and playing games with chance, hidden information, and multiple players, optimally solving larger instances of well-known single-agent toy problems, applying search techniques to more realistic problem domains, analyzing the time complexity of heuristic search algorithms, and capitalizing on advances in computing hardware, such as very large external memories and multi-core processors.
Delivering the Smart Grid: Challenges for Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems Research
Authors: Rogers Alex , Ramchurn Sarvapali , Jennings Nicholas
Published: June 2022

Restructuring electricity grids to meet the increased demand caused by the electrification of transport and heating, while making greater use of intermittent renewable energy sources, represents one of the greatest engineering challenges of our day. This modern electricity grid, in which both electricity and information flow in two directions between large numbers of widely distributed suppliers and generators — commonly termed the ‘smart grid’ — represents a radical reengineering of infrastructure which has changed little over the last hundred years. However, the autonomous behaviour expected of the smart grid, its distributed nature, and the existence of multiple stakeholders each with their own incentives and interests, challenges existing engineering approaches. In this challenge paper, we describe why we believe that artificial intelligence, and particularly, the fields of autonomous agents and multi-agent systems are essential for delivering the smart grid as it is envisioned. We present some recent work in this area and describe many of the challenges that still remain.
Usage-Centric Benchmarking of RDF Triple Stores
Authors: Morsey Mohamed , Lehmann Jens , Auer Sören , Ngonga Ngomo Axel-Cyrille
Published: June 2022

A central component in many applications is the underlying data management layer. In Data-Web applications, the central component of this layer is the triple store. It is thus evident that finding the most adequate store for the application to develop is of crucial importance for individual projects as well as for data integration on the Data Web in general. In this paper, we propose a generic benchmark creation procedure for SPARQL, which we apply to the DBpedia knowledge base. In contrast to previous approaches, our benchmark is based on queries that were actually issued by humans and applications against existing RDF data not resembling a relational schema. In addition, our approach does not only take the query string but also the features of the queries into consideration during the benchmark generation process. Our generic procedure for benchmark creation is based on query-log mining, SPARQL feature analysis and clustering. After presenting the method underlying our benchmark generation algorithm, we use the generated benchmark to compare the popular triple store implementations Virtuoso, Sesame, Jena-TDB, and BigOWLIM.
Teaching Aspects of Constraint Satisfaction Algorithms Via a Game
Authors: Hatzilygeroudis Ioannis , Grivokostopoulou Foteini , Perikos Isidoros
Published: June 2022

In an Artificial Intelligence course, a basic concept is Constraint Satisfaction (CS), which is acknowledged as a hard domain for teachers to teach and student to understand. In this paper, we present a game based learning approach to assist students in learning CS algorithms, such as arc consistency and search algorithms, for problem solving in an easy, interactive and motivating way. Preliminary valuation has showed promising results.
Teaching Localization in Probabilistic Robotics
Authors: Martin Fred , Dalphond James , Tuck Nat
Published: June 2022

In the field of probabilistic robotics, a central problem is to determine a robot’s state given knowledge of a time series of control commands and sensor readings. The effects of control commands and the behavior of sensor devices are both modeled probabilistically. A variety of methods are available for deriving the robot’s belief state, which is a probabilistic representation of the robot’s true state (which cannot be directly known). This paper presents a series of five weekly assignments to teach this material at the advanced undergraduate/graduate level. The theoretical aspect of the work is reinforced by practical implementation exercises using ROS (Robot Operating System), and the Bilibot, an educational robot platform.
Pedagogical Explorations in Computational Perception for Performance
Authors: O’Hara Keith
Published: June 2022

Experience using computational perception within the context of art and performance is reported. Four different types of pedagogical projects are presented: a new non-majors introductory computing course, an upper-level course covering computer vision and graphics in an integrated manner, an interactive dance piece, and a peer-led tele-workshop outreach series.
Breaking conventions? Political ideology of films with explicit sex
Authors: Kenny Oliver
Published: June 2022

Explicit sex in films on general release remains rare, even if it has significantly increased since the late 1990s. Commentary on explicit arthouse films has tended to focus on those also containing sexual violence, and debates have often revolved around whether explicit imagery constitutes art or pornography. Relatively little attention has been paid to explicit romantic films, and to what leads some of them to gain notable international visibility, while others languish in obscurity. This article examines 9 Songs and Love, two of the most discussed and financially successful arthouse films with a romantic storyline that also devote significant screen time to explicit images of sex. It argues that their success can be attributed in part to their conservative sexual and gender politics, and their ideological proximity to conventional heterosexual pornography. They are contrasted with The Story of Richard O. and Daughters of Fire, two explicit films that struggled to gain critical attention or financial reward. These latter films are shown to have fundamentally different ideological foundations, including radical ideas about sex and gender, and an embrace of the artistic value of the pornographic. Such an ideological gap can be considered a contributory factor in the divergent destinies of these explicit romantic films. 
TAECon, a web-based platform to promote STEM
Authors: Boada Imma , Rodríguez Antonio , Llenas Berta , Xiberta Pau
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we present TAECon, a web-based platform designed to support STEM promotion sessions carried out by the Polytechnic School of Girona's University at higher schools. The platform combines gamification, serious games, content editors, and automatic correction strategies in a single framework. TAECon is used to prepare game sessions that turn around a central story with eight main characters from different ethnicities and genders that have to recover their identification cards. Players working in groups or individually and in face-to-face or virtual sessions have specific editors to design and enter solutions of challenges (or problems) and enigmas (or subproblems) created by STEM experts using the content editors of the platform. According to the type of enigma correction techniques automatically evaluate responses and assign the corresponding reward. The platform has been used by more than a thousand students from fifty secondary schools. To collect the platform impressions more than 250 students answered a questionnaire and 17 secondary school teachers were interviewed. As reported by the information collected, the platform was appreciated by both students and teachers. Users enjoyed the challenges and the game sessions. To conclude, TAECon can be considered a good strategy to promote STEM.
Re-examining the Constitutional Court's Approach to the Property Question Since First National Bank of SA Ltd T/A Wesbank v Commissioner, South African Revenue Service; First National Bank of SA Ltd T/A Wesbank v Minister of Finance 2002 4 SA 768 (CC)
Authors: Sono Nhlanhla
Published: June 2022

The First National Bank of SA Ltd t/a Wesbank v Commissioner, South African Revenue Service; First National Bank of SA Ltd t/a Wesbank v Minister of Finance 2002 4 SA 768 (CC) (FNB) decision led to the development of several questions that need to be answered when deciding whether there had been a deprivation of property for the purposes of section 25(1) of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 (the Constitution). The first question that needs to be asked when deciding whether there has been deprivation is whether that which was taken away from the property holder qualified as property for the purposes of section 25(1).
It appears that the Court in post-FNB case law fails to decide the first question in a principled manner. In some cases the Court simply assumed that the interests at issue were property for the purposes of section 25 without a thorough investigation or clear guidelines regarding whether such interests were indeed property. Analysis of post-FNB case law also indicates that there are seemingly two approaches that may need to be followed to decide complicated categories of property interest. The Court has not made it clear which approach should be followed.
In this article, I examine the Constitutional Court's approach to deciding what property is for section 25(1) purposes. The purpose is to determine how and to what extent the Court has decided what constitutes property for constitutional purposes. After an examination of the FNB decision and post-FNB case law, as well as analysing academic criticism, I suggest guidelines that the Court may follow to decide what constitutes property for section 25(1) purposes in future cases.
[RETRACTED] FoliPrime Reviews *Fraudulent Results?* Customer Scam Exposed! v1
Authors: H Tzachi
Published: June 2022

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[RETRACTED] Condor CBD Gummies:-Scam Or Legit? v1
Authors: CBD Gummies Condor
Published: June 2022

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[RETRACTED] Cannaleafz CBD Gummies Canada: (Legit Or Scam) Critical CA Report Reviews Revealed! v1
Authors: not provided health
Published: June 2022

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Authors: not provided getcondor
Published: June 2022

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SimpliHealth ACV Keto Gummies Shark Tank, Price, Benefits 2022 v1
Authors: not provided simplihealthketogummies
Published: June 2022

SimpliHealth ACV Keto Gummies Shark Tank, Price, Benefits 2022
Mouse Stereotaxic Surgery v1
Authors: Nelson Alexandra
Published: June 2022

This protocol describes the steps for performing stereotaxic surgery in mice. It is applicable to intracranial injections (e.g. virus, drug) and placement of implants (e.g. optical fibers, electrode arrays) into targeted regions of mouse brains.
From Page to Screen: Exploring Wordsworth’s “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud” Through the Computational Lens of “Transpoemation”
Authors: Zid Mounir Al-Jilani Ben , Amri Humoud Saleh Al
Published: June 2022

Literary critics value the process of “close reading” which involves focused word-by-word and line-by-line reading of a literary work to derive meaning from the entire corpus and establish the role of different aspects of text in this process. As this strategy may yield previously unnoticed connotations, it is rarely performed using computer software. Although this is a widely established view, in this paper, we posit that “distant reading” using an appropriate combination of automatic/computer-assisted analytical methods can still achieve this purpose. While we do not undermine the value of the traditional process, we demonstrate that a detailed visualization of the literary work in focus (in our case a poem by William Wordsworth) through digital tools like “transpoemation” could augment the literary analysis process.
COVID-19 Outbreak, State of a Questionable Dilemma, or a Learning Escape: Second Language Acquisition Within Virtual Learning and Social Contact
Authors: Attiyat Nazzem Mohammad Abdullah , Abu-Snoubar Tamador Khalaf , Al-Shboul Yasser , Ismael Malak Mohammad Hasan
Published: June 2022

Digital learning, social contact and COVID-19 outbreak are three different phrases have been often heard, read or spoken about since 2020. Undoubtedly, these phrases have brought fear of uncertainty, but also hope to find a new perspective to keep life matters on-going including learning in general, and language acquisition in particular. In order to find the impact of virtual learning and social contact on second language acquisition, a total of 389 second language university students have either online surveyed or been interviewed to validate the results and avoid any misleading. After analyzing the data, results revealed that virtual learning has given the learner a chance to develop understanding of different aspects of learning a second language. Flexibility, free-learning, and richness of knowledge source are positive aspects of virtual learning. Likewise, social contact has an essential role in deepen the understanding of contextual use, semantics and lexis, and other aspects of second language acquisition. Interestingly, both social and virtual aspects of learning motivate the learner to reach language mastery. Therefore, the findings urge the use of virtual learning regarding social contact in developing linguistic skills in second language acquisition. Further insights are recommended to enrich the future research in this topic.
On Morphology-Phonology Interface: Insights From Diminutives in Jordanian Arabic
Authors: Mashaqba Bassil , Huneety Anas , Guba Mohammed Abu , Zeidan Zainab
Published: June 2022

This study explores the morphology-phonology interface to be found in the formation of diminutives in Jordanian Arabic (JA). As evident in a corpus of diminutives in Bedouin and urban varieties, the results demonstrate that JA mainly depends on a non-concatenative (discontinuous) patterning of diminutive structures. Intriguingly, diminutives in JA not only are derived from nouns and adjectives, but also from perfective verbs. The diminutive verb adheres to the C1VC2VC3-eet template and is produced by children and by adults addressing children. Based on a rough frequency test, the most frequently used diminutive pattern in urban JA is C1aC2C2uuC3 whereas Bedouin JA enjoys a variety of diminutive structures. It is also reported that JA dialects vary in stress assignment with diminutive structures: urban JA mainly prefers the iambic CVC.'CVVC structure, while the Bedouin dialect demonstrates a variety of trochaic and iambic patterns. More importantly, although residues of transfer effects on diminutives were reported in Bedouin JA, no significant transfer effects have been found between diminutive and non-diminutive structures in urban JA. As such, it is concluded that diminutive formation in urban JA supports the root-based approach over the stem-based one.
Estimation procedures for partially accelerated life test model based on unified hybrid censored sample from the Gompertz distribution
Authors: Lone Showkat Ahmad , Panahi Hanieh
Published: June 2022

The accelerated life testing is the key methodology of evaluating product
reliability rapidly. This paper presents statistical inference of Gompertz
distribution based on unified hybrid censored data under constant-stress
partially accelerated life test (CSPALT) model. We apply the stochastic
expectation-maximization algorithm to estimate the CSPALT parameters
and to reduce computational complexity. It is shown that the maximum
likelihood estimates exist uniquely. Asymptotic confidence intervals and
confidence intervals using bootstrap-p and bootstrap-t methods are constructed. Moreover the maximum product of spacing (MPS) and maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimates of the model parameters and accelerated factor are discussed. The performances of the various estimators of
the CSPALT parameters are compared through the simulation study. In
summary, the MAP estimates perform superior than MLEs (or MPSs) with
respect to the smallest MSE values.
Administração segura de medicamentos pelos profissionais de enfermagem no ambiente hospitalar: protocolo de scoping review
Authors: Sátiro Luana Silva Pereira , Silva Maria Amália Lima , Araújo Amanda Lisboa de , Rodrigues Cláudia Cristiane Filgueira Martins , Alves Kisna Yasmin Andrade , Tibúrcio Manuela Pinto , Salvador Pétala Tuani Candido de Oliveira
Published: June 2022

Objetivo: mapear estratégias para administração segura de medicamentos pelos profissionais de enfermagem no ambiente hospitalar. Método: scoping review conduzida de acordo com a metodologia do Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guiada pela questão de pesquisa: Quais estratégias para administração segura de medicamentos têm sido utilizadas pelos profissionais de enfermagem no contexto hospitalar? A busca será realizada em seis bases de dados e na literatura cinzenta, com a utilização do software Rayyan para gerenciamento da coleta e seleção de estudos. Será realizada a avaliação do título e do resumo de todos os estudos identificados, com base nos critérios de inclusão e exclusão estabelecidos, por dois revisores de forma independente e por um terceiro revisor para resolver possíveis divergências. Os dados serão sintetizados de forma descritiva. Um resumo narrativo acompanhará os resultados tabulados e mapeados e descreverá como os resultados se relacionam com o objetivo e a questão da revisão.
Presentación
Authors: Fernández Cardo José María
Published: June 2022

Presentación al Cuadernos Monográfico n. 3 André Malraux et l'Espagne
Noelia López-Souto e Inés Velázquez-Puerto (eds.): VII Libros, imprenta y censura en la Europa meridional del siglo XV al XVII, Salamanca, IEMYRhd, 2020, 218 pp.
Authors: Baldacchino Laura
Published: June 2022

Reseña
LUIS ALBERTO DE CUENCA, Por fuertes y fronteras, edición crítica y prólogo de Rodrigo Olay Valdés, Madrid, Reino de Cordelia, 2021, 229 págs.
Authors: Suárez Martínez Luis Miguel
Published: June 2022

Reseña
Research on the change of fertility level and the development of China’s population structure under the comprehensive two-child policy
Authors: Zhang Pengfei
Published: June 2022

Through the construction of population actuarial model and parameter design, this paper studies the dynamic trend of China’s population structure development from 2018 to 2050 under the comprehensive two-child policy The study found that for every 0.1 increase in the total fertility rate under the comprehensive two child policy, the average annual growth rate of the total population will increase by 0.06%-0.07%, the average annual growth rate of population aging will decrease by 0.15%-0.19%, the average annual growth rate of the total dependency ratio will increase by 0.080%- 0.036%, the average annual growth rate of the elderly dependency ratio will decrease by 0.17%-0.23%, and the average annual growth rate of the child dependency ratio will increase by 0.09%-0.18%, The annual average decline rate of gender ratio between men and women will be reduced by 0.001% This shows that the increase of the total fertility rate under the comprehensive two child policy can significantly alleviate the decline rate of the total population, significantly improve the rising rate of China’s population aging, significantly reduce the rising rate of the elderly dependency ratio, but also significantly increase the rising rate of the total dependency ratio and the child dependency ratio, and significantly inhibit the decline rate of the gender ratio of men and women At the same time, even if every couple has two children from 2018 to 2050, China’s population change situation is still not optimistic Finally, based on the empirical results, policy suggestions are put forward.
¿Consenso de Washington o Consenso de Beijing? Dilemas y contradicciones del Ecuador en el siglo XXI
Authors: Menon Gustavo , Iglecias Wagner
Published: June 2022

Este artículo busca discutir la situación económica ecuatoriana desde la perspectiva de su política exterior durante los albores del siglo xxi. Con este fin, la investigación analiza los flujos comerciales de los gobiernos de Rafael Correa (2007-2017) y Lenin Moreno (2017-2020) y, sobre todo, los volúmenes de préstamos administrados por los respectivos presidentes. Se destaca el alineamiento sino-ecuatoriano frente al escenario del superciclo de commodities en la experiencia de la revolución ciudadana y, más recientemente, en un campo antagónico, la reanudación de una agenda neoliberal bajo el mandato de Lenin Moreno.
Estudo do software livre QGIS no desenvolvimento do projeto geométrico de rodovias
Authors: Marques Suelem Teixeira , Faria Filho Reynaldo Furtado
Published: June 2022

O método de ensino brasileiro vem evoluindo cada vez mais. O conhecimento teórico deve sempre estar aliado ao conhecimento prático, principalmente através da aplicação de situações reais dentro das salas de aulas. Além disso, a tecnologia trouxe diversos meios de acesso à informação, como os softwares livres e gratuitos. Sendo assim, pensando na aplicação destas novas tecnologias nas disciplinas oferecidas nas Universidades, o presente estudo propôs a análise do potencial do software livre QGIS para o cálculo geométrico de uma rodovia. Para isto, foi escolhido um trecho que liga a BR 354 ao povoado de Capela do Abaeté localizado na região do Alto Paranaíba em Minas Gerais. Os parâmetros de projeto se basearam no Manual de Projeto Geométrico de Rodovias Rurais do DNER. Ainda, utilizou-se o software Civil 3D para gerar o anteprojeto da mesma rodovia, com o objetivo de complementar a análise realizada no Quantum GIS. Analisou-se também quais etapas podem ser calculadas por cada software. Concluiu-se que o QGIS é capaz de realizar poucas etapas de um projeto de rodovias, mas que se o software for aperfeiçoado através da criação de novos complementos específicos para este uso, ele possui grande potencial para gerar um projeto completo de uma estrada.
Цифровизация бизнес-процессов как фактор формирования конкурентного преимущества предприятия
Authors: Замалиева Г.В. , Уразбахтина Л.Р.
Published: June 2022

В данной статье рассматриваются тенденции развития цифровизации бизнеспроцессов предприятий в различных сферах деятельности. Дано определение понятия «цифровая трансформация бизнеса», рассмотрены основные этапы управления бизнеспроцессами в условиях цифровизации. Обосновывается важность и актуальность цифровизации в деятельности любой современной компании как фактор конкурентного преимущества на рынке.
The Role of Social Support and Caregiver Burdens among Parents of Children with Cancer
Authors: Roozbeh Behzad , Naemi Mahsa , Soltani Gerdefaramarzi Maryam , Pourmovahed Zahra
Published: June 2022

Background: Cancer is the most common disease in the present century and the number of affected children is increasing. It can cause many problems for family caregivers. This study assessed the correlation between social support and care-giving burden among parents of children with cancer.
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted by convenience sampling method on 230 parents (115 mothers and 115 fathers) referring to Oncology Clinic and Oncology Ward  in Yazd Shahid Sadoughi Hospital (Iran) from March to August 2020 (Covid-19 Pandemics). Researchers asked the patients' parents to answer the questionnaires. The data were gathered by the demographic questionnaire, Care Burden Scale (CBS), and Social Support Scale and analyzed with SPSS21 using Pearson correlation coefficient, Chi-square, and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) (P=0.05).
Results: The mean of the care burden of parents was 52.19 2.48 and the social support of them was higher than that (78.78± 13.21). There was no significant correlation between social support and domains of general strain (P=0.90), disappointment (P=0.52), emotional involvement (P=0.53), environment (P=0.95), and isolation (P=0.40) of the care burden.
Conclusions: There was no correlation between social support and care burden in the parents of children with cancer.  Other factors may be involved in care burden of the parents. More research  is needed with more samples in the future.
Investigating the Relationship between Leadership Styles and Positive Organizational Behavior and Stress of COVID 19
Authors: Hosseini Mehri Zadeh , Karimiankakolaki Zohreh
Published: June 2022

Background: Leadership style is a specific behavioral pattern that is constantly manifested during organizational work and others recognize that person. This study investigated the relationship between leadership styles and positive organizational behavior and stress of COVID-19 in the staff of Shahrekord Health Centers in 2021.
Methods: This research was an applied descriptive correlational study. The sample included 148 people from the staff of Shahrekord health centers in 2021. The participants were selected randomly. The tools used in this research were three questionnaires: Likert leadership style questionnaire, Lutans positive attitude organizational behavior questionnaire, and COVID-19 stress questionnaire. Data were analyzed with SPSS20 using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation test.
Results: According to the results, the majority of participants were in the age range of 30 to 35 years, the mean score of leadership style was 86.75 that was high. The mean score of positive organizational behavior was 79.23 that was high, and the mean score of stress of COVID19 was 7.23 that was low. The mean score of leadership style in all cases was positively and significantly correlated with the score of positive organizational behavior (r=0.322, P<0.001) and inversely correlated with the score of stress of COVID-19 (r=-0.314, P<0.001).  Also, the mean score of positive organizational behavior was inversely correlated to the score of stress of COVID19 (r=-0.374, P<0.001).
Conclusion: Positive organizational behavior was at a high level in the staff of Shahrekord health centers during the Corona pandemic.  The participatory leadership style was more considered, and had a negative relationship with the stress of Covid-19. Therefore, it seems that it will be possible to establish a correct management style and positive organizational behavior by reducing the stress of Covid-19.
The Moral Development Based on Kohlberg's Theory among Medical Students
Authors: Bidaki Reza , Saghafc Fatemeh , Mansouri Majoumard Mohammad , Nadershahbaz Mahshid , Hadavi Maryam , Sajadi Mohammad Ali , Sepehrig Fariba , Ghazalbash Hadi , Sahebnasagh Adeleh
Published: June 2022

Background: One of the main issues in treating, preserving and promoting the human dignity is caring for patients' satisfaction and preventing harm, maltreatment, or damage to the patient. Therefore, the level of moral development based on Kohlberg's theory was studied among medical students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences.
Methods: In the current cross-sectional study, eligible medical students (N=220) of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences were enrolled over a 12-months period. Data were collected by demographic checklist and Kohlberg's ethical evolution questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SPSS-20, by Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, ANOVA, and t-tests.
Results: There were no significant differences in terms of gender, educational level, marital status, and place of residence for decision-making positions and questions The mean and standard deviation of the scores related to “questions, priority, decision-making position and degree” showed that the highest mean was obtained in “priority” with 17.9 ± 3.6 and the lowest in “degree” with 1. 9 ± 1.09. The frequency and percentage of similar decision-making were reported in the study participants; the highest score was related to the decision-making in position 3 (Adults death wish) with frequency of 94 and percentage of 41.6% and the lowest score was related to position 5 (Patient at the end stage of disease) with frequency of 8 and percentage of 3.5%. None of the indicators of age, sex, marital status, and the level of admission was not significant in this study and cannot be mentioned as a predicator in the stages of moral evolution.
Conclusion: Given the importance of discussing ethics as one of the most important modalities of the human and social sciences and its impressive impact on all aspects of human life, it is clear that applying a scientific approach can determine all aspects of the factors that affect the observance of ethical principles.