bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simulation of time–frequency characteristics of a chirped laser beam in a XeF(C-A) amplifier of a THL-100 laser system
Authors: Yastremskii A. G. , Yampolskaya S. A. , Losev V. F. , Panchenko Yu. N. , Puchikin A. V.
Published: June 2023

An algorithm for numerical simulation of time–frequency energy distribution of chirped Gaussian laser beams during amplification is proposed. The algorithm is based on a time–frequency description of laser radiation by the Wigner distribution function and the concept of a physical spectrum, which allows one to use the photon transfer equation for modeling the evolution of space, energy, and spectra characteristics of laser radiation. A comparison of the numerical simulation results and experimental measurements of laser radiation characteristics in a XeF(C-A) gas amplifier of a THL-100 hybrid laser system confirmed the applicability of the proposed model.
Modelling red blood cell optical trapping by machine learning improved geometrical optics calculations
Authors: Tognato R. , Bronte Ciriza D. , Maragò O. M. , Jones P. H.
Published: June 2023

Optically trapping red blood cells allows for the exploration of their biophysical properties, which are affected in many diseases. However, because of their nonspherical shape, the numerical calculation of the optical forces is slow, limiting the range of situations that can be explored. Here we train a neural network that improves both the accuracy and the speed of the calculation and we employ it to simulate the motion of a red blood cell under different beam configurations. We found that by fixing two beams and controlling the position of a third, it is possible to control the tilting of the cell. We anticipate this work to be a promising approach to study the trapping of complex shaped and inhomogeneous biological materials, where the possible photodamage imposes restrictions in the beam power.
Classical cutoff energies for electron emission and scattering at field-enhancing nanostructures with large ponderomotive amplitudes
Authors: Mann Joshua , Rosenzweig James
Published: June 2023

Electron rescattering using laser-enhancing nanostructures is a topic of particular interest for specialized high-brightness cathodes and attosecond high-harmonic generation. With ever-increasing ponderomotive amplitudes, the structure-induced longitudinal field profile is becoming more impactful on achievable energies. Using a classical approach, we investigate the limiting energies of electron emission and high-harmonic generation from nanostructures in the high-field regime. We perform generalized calculations for these cutoff energies for various structures by taking into account their particular spatial field profiles. We provide the peak electron emission and scattering energies as functions of the spatial adiabaticity parameter for decaying field profiles of the form r−1,r−2, and e−r/δ for nanoblades, nanotips, and plasmonics, respectively. These results are summarized in double-exponential fitted functions for ease of use. The maximal energies from each field profile differ by up to a factor of the ponderomotive energy. We also perform a simple near-field averaging analysis that produces satisfactorily accurate results. The introduction of a temporal Gaussian envelope decreases energies in most cases and modifies the ponderomotive force factor in a predictable manner. The effects of the carrier–envelope phase are exacerbated for few-cycle and shorter pulses.
Low-loss microwave photonic switching for satellite communication
Authors: Yang Jiasi , Zheng Zhennan , Xue Hanxiao , Liu Lu , Cai Jiazhen , Che Chunyu , Gao Xinlu , Zhao Xinchao , Huang Shanguo
Published: June 2023

For traditional switching architecture, packet switching performs fine granularity data packet forwarding, but its digital signal processing (DSP) has high power consumption (PC). All-optical switching provides rapid exchange of wavelength resources, which has coarse granularity. In scenarios where the PC is limited, such as broadband satcom, a switching architecture with lower PC and finer granularity than optical switching would be useful. In this paper, we propose a novel, to the best of our knowledge, low-loss microwave photonic switching architecture that can exchange subband signals across beams and frequency bands. The switching process is realized by exchanging optical carriers instead of payload signals, which does not degrade the signal power, guaranteeing the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). We conducted a proof-of-concept experiment of 2 × 2 switching with two 1.2-GBaud quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) signals; an error vector magnitude (EVM) of or less than 13.87% is realized after forwarding. The proposed system has the advantages of low PC, high SNR, and fine granularity, and is very promising for flexible forwarding in future satcom systems.
Switchable supermode emission in a doubly-coupled-ring system for multifunctional integrated photonic devices
Authors: Chen Changdong , Xue Ming , Liu Youwen , Zhao Lina , Yang Yannan , Hu Xiaopeng , Fu Yangyang
Published: June 2023

Effective integration of optical modes within chip-scale devices is critical to realize functional light emission, as it offers abundant physics and a versatile ability to control the mode evolution. Here, we present an efficient approach to achieve switchable emission by flexibly controlling supermode states in a doubly-coupled-ring system with four guided modes. The lasing conditions, which rely on the system’s Hamiltonian, are revealed to yield multiple supermode states, including an exceptional-point state, a (quasi-)dark state, and a bright state. By freely engineering the coupling rate via phase-change material, the proposed system allows the generation of any desired states, enabling switchable and multifunctional emissions in fixed on-chip structures. Beyond the manipulation of various supermode emission states, our work presents a promising path toward the development of multifunctional integrated photonic devices, which may have applications in light storage, optical isolation, sensing, and so on.
Virtual reality as a means to explore assistive technologies for the visually impaired
Authors: Ricci Fabiana Sofia , Boldini Alain , Ma Xinda , Beheshti Mahya , Geruschat Duane R. , Seiple William H. , Rizzo John-Ross , Porfiri Maurizio
Published: June 2023

Visual impairment represents a significant health and economic burden affecting 596 million globally. The incidence of visual impairment is expected to double by 2050 as our population ages. Independent navigation is challenging for persons with visual impairment, as they often rely on non-visual sensory signals to find the optimal route. In this context, electronic travel aids are promising solutions that can be used for obstacle detection and/or route guidance. However, electronic travel aids have limitations such as low uptake and limited training that restrict their widespread use. Here, we present a virtual reality platform for testing, refining, and training with electronic travel aids. We demonstrate the viability on an electronic travel aid developed in-house, consist of a wearable haptic feedback device. We designed an experiment in which participants donned the electronic travel aid and performed a virtual task while experiencing a simulation of three different visual impairments: age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma. Our experiments indicate that our electronic travel aid significantly improves the completion time for all the three visual impairments and reduces the number of collisions for diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma. Overall, the combination of virtual reality and electronic travel aid may have a beneficial role on mobility rehabilitation of persons with visual impairment, by allowing early-phase testing of electronic travel aid prototypes in safe, realistic, and controllable settings.
Linkages between women’s empowerment, religion, marriage type, and uptake of antenatal care visits in 13 West African countries
Authors: Onah Michael Nnachebe , Onah Roseline Chinwe , Onah Felix Ezema
Published: June 2023

Characteristics which reflect a particular context and unique to individuals, households, and societies have been suggested to have an impact on the association between women’s empowerment and women’s well-being indicators. However, there is limited empirical evidence of this effect. We used access to antenatal care (ANC) to examine the main and interaction effects of women’s empowerment, religion, marriage type, and uptake of services in 13 West African countries. Data was extracted from Phase 6 and 7 of the Demographic and Health Survey, and we measured women’s empowerment using the survey-based women’s empowerment (SWPER) index for women’s empowerment in Africa. ANC visits as the outcome variable was analyzed as a count variable and the SWPER domains, religion, and marriage type were the key independent variables. We utilised ordinary least square (OLS) and Poisson regression models where appropriate to examine main and interaction effects and analyses were appropriately weighted and key control variables were applied. Statistical significance was established at 95% confidence interval. Findings suggest that being Muslim or in a polygynous household was consistently associated with disempowerment in social independence, attitude toward violence, and decision-making for women. Although less consistent, improved social independence and decision-making for women were associated with the probability of increased ANC visits. Polygyny and Islamic religion were negatively associated with increased number of ANC visits. Decision-making for Muslim women appear to increase the probability of increased number of ANC visits. Improving the conditions that contribute towards women’s disempowerment especially for Muslim women and to a lesser extent for those who reside in polygynous households is key towards better uptake of antenatal care services. Furthermore, targeting of interventions and polices that could empower women towards better access to health services should be tailored on existing contextual factors including religion and marriage type.
Diverse policy maker perspectives on the mental health of pregnant and parenting adolescent girls in Kenya: Considerations for comprehensive, adolescent-centered policies and programs
Authors: Obonyo Georgina , Nyongesa Vincent , Duffy Malia , Kathono Joseph , Nyamai Darius , Mwaniga Shillah , Yator Obadia , Levy Marcy , Lai Joanna , Kumar Manasi
Published: June 2023

The pregnancy rate in Kenya among adolescent girls is among the highest in the world. Adolescent girls experience increased risk of anxiety and depression during pregnancy and postpartum which can result in poor health outcomes for both mother and baby, and negatively influence their life course. Mental health is often given low priority in health policy planning, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). There is an urgent need to address the treatment gap and provide timely mental health promotion and preventative services, there is a need to focus on the shifting demographic of SSA—the young people. To understand perspectives on policymakers on the mental health prevention and promotion needs of pregnant and parenting adolescent girls, we carried out a series of interviews as part of UNICEF funded helping pregnant and parenting adolescents thrive project in Kenya. We interviewed 13 diverse health and social policy makers in Kenya to understand their perspectives on the mental health experiences of pregnant and parenting adolescent girls and their ideas for optimizing mental health promotion. Six principal themes emerged including the mental health situation for adolescent girls, risk factors for poor mental health and barriers to accessing services for adolescent girls, health seeking behavior effect on maternal and child health outcomes, mental health promotion, protective factors for good mental health, and policy level issues. Examination of existing policies is required to determine how they can fully and effectively be implemented to support the mental health of pregnant and parenting adolescent girls.
‘Compression makes every movie a melodrama’: A conversation with Laura U. Marks on the Small File Media Festival
Authors: Rossouw Martin P.
Published: June 2023

This article presents a conversation with Laura U. Marks, a distinguished scholar of film and new media who launched the Small File Media Festival in 2020. Marks’ message is that large-file streaming is harmful to the planet and that we need to act against its growing yet under-the-radar carbon footprint. The festival’s goal is to demonstrate that movies can be captivating and immersive even if they are not large in file size, and encourages creators to experiment with low-energy technologies and techniques. Given the high stakes, the festival’s organizers hope that small-file media will become increasingly influential as an aesthetic movement.
Two divergent cinematic readings of enslavement in ‘An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge’
Authors: Melbye David
Published: June 2023

Ambrose Bierce’s Civil War story ‘An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge’ was adapted in 1959 as a television episode of Alfred Hitchcock Presents and in 1962 as Robert Enrico’s French film La Rivière du hibou, which was presented as an episode of The Twilight Zone in turn. Although the common reading of this story aligns it with the author’s other ‘antiwar’ narratives, African American enslavement comes to the fore in both these audio-visual adaptations, but with opposite connotations. Examining their digression in narrative and stylistic directions illustrates the dichotomies of motion-picture aesthetics: low vs. high art, mainstream vs. avant-garde, escapism vs. social critique – and demonstrates the cultural possibility for these contrasting approaches to register concurrently as popular media products.
Virulence factors and quorum sensing as targets of new therapeutic options by plant-derived compounds against bacterial infections caused by human and animal pathogens
Authors: Kitpipit Warangkana , Scholfield C. Norman , Sangkanu Suthinee , Nissapatorn Veeranoot , Pereira Maria de Lourdes , Paul Alok K. , Mitsuwan Watcharapong
Published: June 2023

The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and hospital-acquired bacterial infection has become rampant due to antibiotic overuse. Virulence factors are secondary to bacterial growth and are important in their pathogenesis, and therefore, new antimicrobial therapies to inhibit bacterial virulence factors are becoming important strategies against antibiotic resistance. Here, we focus on anti-virulence factors that act through anti-quorum sensing and the subsequent clearance of bacteria by antimicrobial compounds, especially active herbal extracts. These quorum sensing systems are based on toxins, biofilms, and efflux pumps, and bioactive compounds isolated from medicinal plants can treat bacterial virulence pathologies. Ideally, bacterial virulence factors are secondary growth factors of bacteria. Hence, inhibition of bacterial virulence factors could reduce bacterial pathogenesis. Furthermore, anti-virulence factors from herbal compounds can be developed as novel treatments for bacterial infection. Therefore, this narrative review aims to discuss bacterial virulence factors acting through quorum sensing systems that are preserved as targets for treating bacterial infection by plant-derived compounds.

Keywords: antibiotic resistance, pathogens, phytochemicals, quorum sensing system, virulence factors.
In vitro regeneration of hybrid Dendrobium sect. Spatulata through pseudobulb segment culture
Authors: Raden Roro Rifka Annisa  , Arkan Setiaji  , Purnomo  , Sutikno  , Aries Bagus Sasongko
Published: June 2023

The low rate of Dendrobium regeneration through seed culture is a significant limitation of mass propagation development in new hybrids. An efficient protocol of in vitro regeneration through pseudobulb segment culture has been established for Dendrobium ‘Danny Dame’. Leaves and roots of seven-month-old seedlings were detached from the pseudobulb. Unsegmented pseudobulb and segments of apical, medial, and basal excised from seedlings. The four types of explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with different combinations of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzyl amino purine (BAP). The highest number of shoots was observed in 1 mg L-1 BAP and 0.1 mg L-1 NAA using unsegmented pseudobulb explant after 2 months of culture. The unsegmented pseudobulb had a higher survivability rate and the number of shoots per explant than segmented pseudobulbs. However, if accumulated, segmented pseudobulbs can produce the number of shoots 2-4 times more than unsegmented pseudobulbs. The segment that had the highest average number of shoots was the basal segment. Two types of shoots were observed, both single shoot and multi shoot.  The new shoots formation was developed from protuberance and or axillary bud. Roots were kept to grow only on the basal part of unsegmented explants and basal segment.
Yeast biocontrol against green mold in pear orange postharvest
Authors: Leal Rodrigues Pablo , Gleyce Julião Bomfim Aline , Leal dos Santos Welington , Tiago Correia Oliveira João , Aparecida Moreira Keila , Galvão Jessivaldo Rodrigues , Pacheco Mauro Junior Borges
Published: June 2023

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the enzyme β-1, 3-glucanase and the mechanisms of action produced by yeasts in the biological control ofgreen mold in post-harvest oranges of the pear variety. The Fully Casualized Delineation(FCD) was used. The results were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA), in triplicate,compared with Tukey's test at a 5% probability level (p < 0.05), using the statisticalsoftware Sisvar. It was found that the killer activity was observed in 85.7% of the yeastsevaluated. The yeast Candida peltata URM4681 showed better production of β-1.3-glucanase, between 1.071 and 5.422 µg mL -1 . A factorial delineation 2 3 was used in amedium composed of yeast extract, soybean extract and meat extract to increaseenzymatic production, reaching an increase of 4.351 times comparing the assay of lowerand higher activity. The in situ assays showed a reduction in the number of infected fruitstreated with the enzymatic extract, being on average 78.5% when compared with thecontrol treatment (distilled water). As for sporulation, the enzymatic extract, which had anaverage of 8.4 spores, did not differ statistically from the IMZ and TBZ fungicides, both in apreventive and curative manner. Regarding the severity of the disease, it was noted thatthe fruits treated with enzymatic extract, had an average damage of 7.57 %, also notdiffering statistically from fungicides, both preventive and curative. Our studies suggestthat C. peltata URM4681, makes this a good candidate for biocontrol against green mold.
A Revisit to Islamic Inter-Polity Legal Theory
Authors: Abbasi Salar
Published: June 2023

Thisarticle delves into the jurisprudential and legal theory aspects of the religionof Islam in regard to inter-polity laws and relations. The conceptualization ofIslamic inter-polity commands and laws follows a bright line criterion, for itclearly defines non-Muslim polities and people, categorizes them, and commandsIslamic polity’s approach in regard to non-Muslims in unequivocal terms. Theapproach of this article is neither polemic, nor protectionist; though itindeed is critical. To recognize veneration of an ideology is not tantamount todiscrediting or hampering critical explorations about it; and Islam is not an exception.The concern of this article is to shed light on fundamental pillars upon whichIslam’s inter-polity commands are formed and textually reinforced as beinglegally unquestionable and intrinsically legitimate. The discourses throughwhich the Islamic inter-polity legal theory is scrutinized, in this piece, arethe following: intrinsic legitimacy of the territorial and ideologicalexpansionism of Islam, and Islam’s ‘group identity’ politics in its private andpublic laws particularly reverberated in the notion of ‘Ummah’ orIslamic community.
Redarquía a la ignaciana
Authors: Segura Segura Anna
Published: June 2023

En un mundo en constante cambio, en plena era de la colaboración, no podemos ni debemos permitirnos un liderazgo jerárquico en nuestros centros educativos. Debemos exigirnos la adopción de procesos, políticas y estructuras que promuevan, mantengan y no contradigan los principios y valores para y en los que educamos. En esta dirección es hacia donde se encamina nuestra redarquía a la ignaciana: facilitar estructuras y relaciones de acción compartida, para vivir con sentido y plenitud con y para los demás.
Percepciones de los formadores sobre el acompañamiento pedagógico
Authors: Taveras-Sánchez Berki Yoselin , López-Yáñez Julián
Published: June 2023

El acompañamiento pedagógico es un procedimiento de formación del profesorado dirigido a mejorar la enseñanza-aprendizaje mediante el análisis y reflexión sobre la práctica pedagógica. Este artículo persigue analizar las percepciones sobre la práctica de acompañamiento pedagógico de acompañantes de República Dominicana: coordinadores pedagógicos, directores y técnicos. Participaron 340 acompañantes, quienes respondieron un cuestionario autoadministrado validado mediante cuatro modalidades complementarias. Se encontró que los acompañantes tienen una concepción constructivista en las dimensiones analizadas: prácticas pedagógicas, planificación, características y finalidad del acompañamiento. Los resultados mostraron algunas contradicciones y limitaciones conceptuales de los mentores acerca de su impacto en las prácticas pedagógicas y la participación del profesorado en el proceso de acompañamiento. Esto sugiere una formación insuficiente en enseñanza-aprendizaje, formación docente y acompañamiento pedagógico. Como las percepciones pedagógicas de los acompañantes influyen en qué y cómo lo hacen, es indispensable intervenir sobre estas para cambiar las prácticas pedagógicas de acompañamiento inadecuadas, mejorar la formación de los acompañantes y, en consecuencia, la educación. Se sugiere continuar desarrollando programas de formación de mentores, con énfasis en el acompañamiento pedagógico.
ANXIETY AS A CAUSE OF MURDERS, COMMITTED BY WOMEN
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Evstratenko Elena
Published: June 2023

The article deals with the issues of women killing their child, including the determinants of this phenomenon, anxiety as the basis of the causal complex of these crimes. The aim of the work is to analyze anxiety as a cause of crimes committed by women against their children. The paper analyzes a traumatic situation and its role as a factor influencing the appearance of anxiety. The characteristics of a person with signs of anxiety and measures to prevent a murder committed by women are given. Conclusions and recommendations can be used in the educational process when studying the course "Criminology", as well as for solving practical issues on the provision of compulsory free legal assistance in the event of divorce of persons with minor children.
PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE PERFORMANCE OF THEIR DUTIES BY FORENSIC SPECIALISTS WHILE INSPECTING THE INCEDENT SCENE
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Ordan Anatoly , Yastrebova Tatiana
Published: June 2023

The article shows the psychological aspects that are refracted through the special knowledge of forensic specialists in the performance of their duties at the incedent scene. The issues of solving such a confrontation contribute to the greatest comfort for the goals and solving the tasks facing both the investigator and the forensic specialist while inspecting the scene. Specific organizational ways of resolving such a difficult situation from a psychological point of view of the interaction of the inspection participants are proposed.
APPLICATION OF ALGORITHMS IN JURISPRUDENCE
Authors:   Moscow State Law University named after O. E. Kutafin (MSLA), Moscow, Russia, Komin Alexey
Published: June 2023

The article explores the problems of applying algorithms by lawyers in legal activities and beyond. The author considers the meaning of the concept of "algorithm" and ways of describing algorithms by lawyers. The paper notes the positive effect of the algorithmization of legal work in the so-called paper form, even without the use of automation tools for such work. In addition, the obstacles that stand in the way of the algorithmization of legal processes by the efforts of the lawyers themselves are explored. The author's statements are illustrated by examples of practical situations in which the use of legal algorithms can increase the efficiency of a lawyer. Among the examples given is the algorithm for qualifying a transaction made by a company as a major one. The study also examined the established practice of compiling due diligence reports of companies, and within it identified processes that are already algorithmic in nature. In addition, the author highlights the role of machine-readable law in the automation of legal activities, and also points out the obstacles still standing in the way of such automation. The author analyzes the possible role of algorithms in the verification of judicial acts and the potential advantages of such an approach. At the end of the article, a conclusion is made about the importance of acquiring the necessary skills for lawyers to algorithmize their tasks, as well as the role of universities in this process.
BRAZIL: CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL BASIS OF POST-SECULARISM
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Shumakova Natalia
Published: June 2023

The article examines the historical features of the development of the Brazilian state that determined its structure, identifies the constitutional and legal foundations of Brazilian postsecularism, analyzes the statistics of anti-religious crimes and judicial practice in cases of violation of religious freedom. The purpose of the study is to identify the risks of legislatively securing a special position for one confession in a state with many religions.
ON THE ISSUE OF THE «RIGHT OF WAR»
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Zyrianov Aleksey
Published: June 2023

This article is devoted to a theoretical analysis of the current, today, the problem of international relations based on the rules of law, experiencing significant dysfunction. The armed confrontation of countries, as the most radical way to remove contradictions, in fact, has its own economic, geopolitical and cultural foundations, objectively inherent in the historical development of human civilization. It is important to study the factors leading to the state of war in order to determine the patterns of its onset - the hypothesis of the norm of the "right of war", its state legitimation. The recent history of Russia is a vivid example of the fact that the ancient Roman thesis "Si vis pacem, para bellum" (from Latin – "if you want peace, prepare for war") remains relevant to this day. It is the domestic science that should pay special attention to the designated problem, in connection with the need to prepare a doctrinal basis for the creation of new provisions of the "law of the world", which, as you know, are always written by the winners.
UNDERSTANDING AND ESSENCE OF LEGAL PROCESSES AS DYNAMIC SYSTEMS
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Kukovsky Anton , Petrov Alexander ,   North-Western Branch of the Russian State University of Justice, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: June 2023

The authors consider the legal process (set of procedures) as dynamic and non-linear, controlled, in addition to procedural norms, by special rules for managing dynamic processes. An attempt is made to identify the practical significance for updating approaches to understanding the process as a category in law, methodological tools of the theory of law. Through the reception of individual tools of knowledge, analysis and synthesis of theoretical material on the problems of applying a synergetic approach in the natural and human sciences, a new methodological tool has been developed for the purpose of studying processes in law.
Evaluation of Ruta graveolen, coriander and basil seed extracts as natural additives on productive performance, blood profiles and egg quality of White Leghorn layers
Authors: Tessema S. , Girma M. , Yirgalem M. , Ameha N. , Zeryehun T.
Published: June 2023

The study was conducted to investigate the effect of mixtures of Ruta graveolen (Rg), coriander (C), and basil (B) seed extracts on productive performance, blood profiles, egg quality and egg chemi-cal composition of White Leghorn (WL) layers. One hundred eighty WL layers at twenty- six weeks of age were randomly distributed to four treatments, each replicated three times with fifteen layers per replications in a completely randomized design and kept on a deep litter system for eight weeks. The treatments (T) were water containing mixtures of Ruta graveolen, coriander, and basil seed extract with the proportion of 0 ml (T1), 2 ml (T2), 4ml (T3), and 6 ml (T4) per liter of water. The hen day egg pro-duction (HDEP) was significantly (P<0.05) higher for layers in T3 (50.75%). Serum cholesterol and LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol levels decreased significantly while, HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol and globulin increased significantly (P<0.01) when compared with the control. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) among treatments in egg weight, albumen weight, yolk weight, shell weight and thickness. Generally; the mixtures of Rg, C, and B seed extracts in 4ml/1lt in drinking water could increase HDEP and egg quality and reduce serum cholesterol.
Effects of rumen-protected fat on changes of metabolites and reproductive genes in testes of Malin rams
Authors: Ismail A. , Muhammad A. I. , Kee L. T. , Chwen L. T. , Samsudin A. A.
Published: June 2023

The effects of RPF on metabolites and reproductive genes in testes of Malin ram was investigated. Twenty Malin rams (36.6kg ± 5.57 kg of bodyweight), were subjected to four dietary treatments; A: basal diet without rumen-protected fat (RPF), B; basal diet with 2% prilled fat, C; basal diet with 2% calcium salt and D; basal diet with 2% canola oil. At the end of the experiment four out of five animals from each group were slaughtered. The testes were excised for metabolites and gene expression stud-ies. The genes tested were associated to testes development and spermatogenesis (ODF1, SERPINA10, CatSper4, AdipoR2 and DAZL). Feeding RPF with calcium salt (Treatment C) has resulted in the up-regulation more than two folds in all reproductive genes. There were metabolites changes occurred between the groups and identified 44 important putative metabolites present in the testes. In conclu-sion, feeding of RPF to the animals as a source of energy has up-regulated the genes and identified the metabolites involve in the male reproductive tissues and activities.
Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship of 3-Thiocyanate-1H-Indoles Derived Compounds as Antileukemia by AM1, PM3, and RM1 Methods
Authors: Iswanto Ponco , Firdaus Irvan Maulana , Dafaulhaq Ahmad Fawwaz , Ramadhani Ahmad Ghifari , Saputri Maylani Permata , Ekowati Heny
Published: June 2023

Cancer is a disease with fatal consequences; thus, searching for innovative compounds with anticancer properties remains an active pursuit. One of the highly promising candidates is a compound derived from 3-thiocyanato-1H-indoles. However, the number of derivative compounds is currently limited. A quantitative structure and activity relationship (QSAR) study was conducted on derivate compounds 3-thiocyanato-1H-indoles to establish equations that predict the anticancer activity of more effective derivatives. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of the AM1 (Austin Model 1), PM3 (Parameterized Model 3), and RM1 (Recife Model 1) semiempirical methods, which are new techniques implemented in the Hyperchem version 8.0. Twenty experimental data were used, 16 derivatives of 3-thiocyanate-1H-indoles as regression compounds (fitting) and four derivates as test compounds. QSAR analysis was performed based on multiple linear regression calculations on 3-thiocyanate-1H-indoles derivative compounds by plotting IC50 (µM) as the dependent variable and descriptors as the independent variable. The best QSAR equation was obtained from the AM1 semiempirical calculation method with the following equation: IC50 = -1.705 + 0.511(Delta) + 0.346(Dipol) + 18.287(qC9) – 0.645(Log P) + 13.952(qC6), with n =20; r =0.814; r2 =0.662; The standard error (SE) =1.044; Fcount/Ftable =1.851; PRESS =15.219.
The Idea of War in Russian Political Thought after 1991
Authors: Diec Joachim
Published: June 2023

As time passed, in Russian political thought after the collapse of the Soviet Union, militarism or even an apology for war came to the fore. The aim of the study was to detect the most important models of this trend, taking into account the timeline of the Crimean events in 2014, and to attempt to explain its background in the absence of significant military threats to Russia from the international environment. Four main models of post-Soviet militarism have been distinguished: a) the rational model, pointing to the effects of military action in the modern world; b) the dualistic model of a clash between the traditionalist Russian civilization and the corrupt and expansionist West; c) the fatalistic concept of war as an inevitable aspect of the maturation of societies; d/the revivalist model, where war is treated as a device of social mobilization.
Determinants of Entrepreneurial Employee Activity in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Basingab Ahmed , Turro Andreu , Urbano David
Published: June 2023

Literature shows that entrepreneurial employee activity is positively related to organisational growth and competitiveness. A significant number of studies have focused on the determinants of entrepreneurial employee activity. However, there are aspects of these determinants that remain unexplored; in particular, the role of factors at the environmental level and their moderating effect has rarely been tested. Based on Human Capital Theory and Institutional Theory, this paper aims to analyse the direct and moderating effects of the determinants of entrepreneurial employee activity. Data were obtained from the 2016 Global Entrepreneurship Monitor for the context of Saudi Arabia (1499 observations). By applying a logistic regression model, we found that intrapreneurial skills, education and social status have significant and direct effects on entrepreneurial employee activity. In addition, ease of business and social status moderate and reinforce the effect of intrapreneurial skills on entrepreneurial employee activity. The results suggest that context plays a major role in the antecedents of entrepreneurial employee activity and that its effect may be different in the case of Saudi Arabia as compared to Western countries. Theoretical and practical implications are derived from these findings.
Multi- and plurilingual professional communication – a model
Authors: Roelcke Thorsten
Published: June 2023

On the basis of a general model of professional communication which differs from concepts of professional language, a new model is developed which consistently integrates their multilingualism. This takes into account various individual languages such as German, English or Chinese as well as professionally relevant varieties such as every day and educational language including various languages for specific purposes in individual professions or professional contexts as well as the corresponding competences of the people working in these professions or contexts. Such a model not only provides an exhaustive and detailed coverage of plurilingual professional communication for itself, it also allows for numerous applications in the fields of language planning, language policy and language didactics.
Thermal stability of Al3BC3 powders under a nitrogen atmosphere
Authors: Yu Chao , Xing Guangchao , Ke Lu , Ding Jun , Di Jinghui , Zhu Hongxi , Wang Zhoufu , Deng Chengji , Yu Puliang
Published: June 2023

The thermal stability of Al3BC3 powders under nitrogen was studied. AlN–BN composites were generated during the nitridation of Al3BC3. Possible reaction mechanisms responsible for the thermal decomposition of Al3BC3 powders were discussed. The relatively weaker Al–C bonds in Al3BC3 promoted the fast diffusion of Al and the generation of AlN–BN layers inhibited the deeper nitridation, thus the thermal decomposition was governed by surface reaction. The formed nitrides resulted in a volume change and cracked the resulting layers as the reactions progressed, facilitating the diffusion of N2 and enhanced the decomposition of Al3BC3. The intensive reaction involving Al3BC3 and N2 could be attributed to the prolonged reaction time at high temperature and continued escape of vaporized Al and B. This result contributes to a theoretical basis of high-temperature application of Al3BC3 under nitrogen.
Two-dimensional heterostructure quasi-BIC photonic crystal surface-emitting laser with low divergence
Authors: Tang Renjie , Shi Yilin , Shang Hongpeng , Wu Jianghong , Ma Hui , Wei Maoliang , Luo Ye , Chen Zequn , Ye Yuting , Jian Jialing , Zheng Xiaorui , Lin Hongtao , Li Lan
Published: June 2023

High beam quality, large-area output, and small footprint are significant pursuing goals for vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs), which impose strict requirements on tight light confinements with minimized radiation losses. To achieve this, bound states in the continuum (BICs) have been demonstrated as an effective way of trapping light. Here, we combine BICs and photonic bandgaps to realize a quasi-BIC single-mode photonic crystal (PhC) laser on a colloidal quantum dots (CQDs)/silicon oxide (SiO2) hybrid integrated platform. The PhC cavity is a defect-free hexagonal heterostructure with three regions, and the thin CQDs film is embedded within the SiO2 nanopillar planar array as both an optical gain material and a backbone for the PhC. The mode gaps between different regions provide the lateral confinement while the quasi-BICs near the Γ-point generate the small-divergence vertical radiation coupling, resulting in a well-defined emission concentrating within ±1.85° of the normal surface direction and an optical pumping energy density threshold of 216.75 μJ/cm2. Our results demonstrate the design flexibility and versatility of the quasi-BIC laser even with a low contrast of a refractive index between the PhC slab and the substrate, which has potential applications in cavity quantum electrodynamics, nonlinear optics, and integrated photonics.
Label-free, ultra-low detection limit DNA biosensor using high quality optical microcavity functionalized by DNA tetrahedral nanostructure probes
Authors: Wan Hongdan , Zhang Shuai , Gu Yu , Xiong Jinxin , Xu Ji , Wan Cheng , Chao Jie
Published: June 2023

This study proposes and demonstrates a novel label-free DNA biosensor using high quality optical microcavity functionalized by 3D DNA nanostructure probes. To achieve ultra-low limit DNA biosensing, optical sensing interface of the hollow-core, thin wall-thickness microcavity was functionalized by self-assembled DNA tetrahedral nanostructure (DTN) probes with size of 17 bp and length of ∼5.8 nm. High efficiency binding of the DTN probes with the optical sensor interface and the target ssDNA are achieved. Whispering gallery mode (WGM) spectra with high-Q factor of >107 are excited and traced for DNA detection inside the microfluidic channel of the microcavity, with a small sample volume of nL. Incorporation of nanoscale DTN probes onto surface of the optical microcavity makes it an effective way for increasing efficient probe density and eliminating entanglement between DNA probes, thus ∼1000 times lower detection limit is achieved as compared to using 1D ssDNA probes. Due to its desirable merits of label-free, ultra-low LoD, real time and compact size, the proposed DNA biosensor has broad application prospects in bioengineering and medical diagnosis.
Diacronía de los resultados secundarios del diptongo /ue/ en judeoespañol
Authors: Arias Álvaro
Published: June 2023

Judeo-Spanish presents some surprising results as regards the secondary evolution of the diphthong /ˈue/. Contrary to Spanishjueves‘Thursday’,tuerto‘one-eyed’,sueño‘dream’,nuera‘daughter-in-law’, Judeo-Spanish hasĵugüeves,tugüerto,(e)sfueño, andelmuera. That is, /ˈue/ has evolved either into /u.ˈgue/, it has developed a fricative before the diphthong (/ˈsue/ > /s.ˈfue/), or labialized the previous nasal (/ˈnue/ > /ˈmue/).In this study we present an explanation for this phenomenon that combines the regular Ibero-Romance phonic evolution and some language-specific features of the evolution of Judeo-Spanish, without an explicit appeal to exceptional solutions. Our hypothesis is based on the realization of the sequence /ˈue/ as a hiatus (ĵu.e.ves,tu.er.to,su.e.ño,nu.e.ra) which eventually developed an epenthetic consonant. This epenthesis was velar (ĵugueves,tuguerto), the latter case also involving further vowel insertion in agreement with the historical phonetics of Judeo-Spanish (ĵugüeves,tugüerto). Examples with labial fricatives or nasals preceding the diphthong have followed this evolution and then lost the pretonic vowel, giving way to a consonantal cluster in which the second consonant is partially assimilated to the first (sueño> *s(u)güeño>sfueñooresfueño;nuera>n(u)güera> *enmuera>elmuera,ermuera>muera).
The diachronic path ofacharin Portuguese: from a propositional to an epistemic verb
Authors: Pinto Clara
Published: June 2023

In this article I investigate the diachronic path of the Portuguese verbachar‘to find/consider’, from a main propositional verb (in the sense of Traugott 1989), in earlier stages of the language, to a verb with epistemic reading, which is the default interpretation in Contemporary European Portuguese (CEP). Based on a sample corpus of texts comprehended between the 13th and the 17th century, I have concluded that the epistemic reading ofacharwas incipient until the 16th century, despite the existence of a few examples in the 13th century. This grammaticalization process seems to be recent in the language since epistemic readings remain infrequent until the 17th century and I did not find parenthetical uses in the corpus. Nevertheless, data under analysis allowed me to identify two possible syntactic contexts that may have favoured the semantic change: complement clauses and transitive-predicative constructions. The evolution ofachar‘to find/consider’ seems to follow the pattern of semantic change proposed by Traugott (1989) and Traugott/Dasher (2002) under the notion ofsubjectification, withacharstarting with an objective meaning and later acquiring an epistemic reading, following the assumption that meanings tend to become centered in the subjective belief or attitude of the speaker.
The Public Perception of Police Corruption in Venezuela and its Effect on National Government
Authors: Marek Jennifer
Published: June 2023

It is not surprising that many citizens of Latin American countries believe public officials are corrupt. Decades of authoritarian rule, crime, and highly publicized corruption scandals have reduced confidence in many, if not all, government institutions. The public perception of corruption in Venezuela however, presents an intriguing case. Traditional explanations—economic factors, regime stability, and quality of life—are unable to account for the high levels of perceived corruption in government. This author argues, the public perception of police corruption strongly influences the perception of corruption in national government in Venezuela. Using OLS regression, the author statistical analyzes national-level Latinobarómetro data from 2002-2010. The results indicate a strong, significant relationship between perception of police and government corruption.
La Cooperación Brasileña y Venezolana en Bolivia y Ecuador en el Marco del Nuevo Regionalismo Sudamericano: un Análisis Comparativo
Authors: Benzi Daniele , Guayasamín Mogrovejo Tomás Gustavo , Zapata Mafla Ximena
Published: June 2023

En el marco de la consolidación de un nuevo regionalismo sudamericano, el ensayo pretende explorar los nexos entre política exterior, esquemas de integración y cooperación Sur-Sur en la sub-región andina, tomando como casos de estudio las políticas de Brasil y Venezuela, respectivamente, hacia Bolivia y Ecuador. La perspectiva de análisis adoptada propone un acercamiento teórico triple, el cual emplea como referencia básica los debates acerca del papel jugado por las potencias regionales en la conformación de un incipiente orden internacional multipolar, su incidencia en la dinámica y evolución de los procesos y proyectos de integración regional y, por último, su rol como “nuevos donantes” o “donantes emergentes” en el sistema de cooperación internacional al desarrollo. En términos metodológicos, el enfoque integra en una óptica comparada elementos de análisis geopolítico e histórico-sociológico y una recopilación e interpretación de datos relativos a las relaciones y áreas de cooperación entre los cuatro países.
¿PUEBLO O MULTITUD? EN BUSCA DEL SUJETO
Authors: Rodríguez Edwin Cruz
Published: June 2023

Este trabajo realiza una lectura comparativa de dos enfoques teóricos sobre el sujeto político que han tenido gran influjo en América Latina a la hora de pensar los problemas de la acción colectiva, el formulado por Antonio Negri y Michael Hardt en torno al concepto de “multitud” y el que construyó Ernesto Laclau sobre la construcción discursiva del pueblo y la hegemonía. La comparación se realiza en torno a tres ejes problemáticos. En primer lugar, se examina la relación que ambos enfoques establecen entre la consecución de la unidad en la diversidad mediante las apuestas de la multitud y el pueblo, y sus consecuencias en relación con la representación y el Estado. En segundo lugar, se analiza el lugar que ambos enfoques asignan a lo político y a la acción política. Finalmente, se contrastan sus orientaciones normativas y descriptivas.
CONTROLE INTERNO DO PODER EXECUTIVO FEDERAL E O ESTADO DA BAHIA
Authors: Mascarenhas Bisneto José Pereira , Fraga Igor Dantas , Borges Siméa Azevedo Brito
Published: June 2023

A difusão de conceitos que envolvem o controle da gestão da coisa pública e a accountability dos gestores é uma temática que tem crescido em importância. No Brasil, a evolução das concepções de controle ocorreu através de um contexto histórico e institucional, onde o controle interno do Poder Executivo da União passa por uma transformação do controle formalista e procedimental, para um controle voltado à avaliação das políticas públicas, combate à corrupção e fomento ao controle social. O presente trabalho justifica-se na necessidade de promover maior conhecimento sobre a Controladoria Geral da União-CGU, criada em 2003, e estimular discursões sobre esta temática nos meios social e acadêmico. O objetivo principal foi analisar se a CGU, no estado da Bahia, vem apresentando performance corresponde a infraestrutura que dispõe. Para o cumprimento deste fim foi realizada consulta à literatura específica e uma coleta de dados junto à CGU-Bahia, através da aplicação de questionário que permitiram verificar que o Instituição possui uma estrutura de pessoal auditando adequada a seus fins, ainda que haja no estado uma grande demanda por auditorias e que não houve desinvestimento nas atividades de controle interno do Poder Executivo Federal no estado da Bahia em tal período.