bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFFECTS OF A DEVELOPED FLIPPED CLASSROOM PACKAGE ON NCE STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY CONCEPTS IN SOUTHWEST, NIGERIA
Authors: Kunle OLASEDIDUN , Sade GANIYU
Published: June 2022

Purpose: This study was carried out in Colleges of Education in South-west, Nigeria to investigate the effects of a developed flipped classroom package on academic performance of NCE students in selected concepts of Educational Technology.

Methodology: The study adopted 2 x 2 x 3 factorial matrix quasi-experimental design of pre-test, post-test, non-randomized, non-equivalent control group type. Two hypotheses were raised and tested for the study. Data were analysed using inferential statistics. A sample of three hundred and sixty respondents drawn from twelve government owned colleges of education in south-west, Nigeria participated in the study. The research instruments used were grouped into two, namely, Treatment Instrument (TRI) and Test Instrument (TEI) on Educational Technology. The treatment instrument was the flipped classroom package designed to deliver instruction to students in the experimental group. The Test Instrument was used to determine both pre-test and post-test performance of both groups. Instrument reliability was tested using Cronbach Alpha formula and reliability co-efficient of 0.89 was gotten.

Findings: Findings from the study revealed that NCE students performed better when taught using flipped classroom package compared with their counterparts taught with conventional method of teaching and that NCE female students performed better than their male counterparts when taught using flipped classroom package in Educational Technology concepts.

Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: It was, therefore, recommended among others that Educational Technologists should expose NCE students to ICT-Based instructional strategies like Flipped classroom to promote students’ autonomy to knowledge acquisition, discovery learning and student-centered instructional approach. Educational Technologists should endeavour to develop and utilize FC for teaching Educational Technology Concepts. This will further increase teachers’ knowledge on new innovations in ICT-Based instructional strategies. Teacher trainers should endeavour and be encouraged to use flipped classroom as an instructional delivery method for the improvement of instructional quality that would enhance students’ centred learning theory which would promote learning styles, peer assisted, collaborative learning, cooperative learning and problem based learning that will bring about active learning for overall development of the learners. The regulatory agency for colleges of education (National Commission for Colleges of Education) should mandate the management of colleges of education to take cognizance of importance of flipped classroom and put it into use. This study was premised on the students’ centred learning theory identified above. This implies that the students’ centred learning theory could be applied to similar studies in the future.
A PRESUNÇÃO DE INOCÊNCIA NOS CRIMES CONTRA A DIGNIDADE SEXUAL: O VALOR PROBATÓRIO DA PALAVRA DA VÍTIMA VS IN DUBIO PRO REO
Authors: Mendes Walker Castro , Nascimento Isabel Cristina Silva , Leonel Juliano de Oliveira
Published: June 2022

A presente pesquisa se assenta dentro do contexto nacional, pois se consagra na análise do conflito entre a presunção de inocência e o valor probatório diferenciado da palavra da vítima no julgamento de crimes contra a dignidade sexual. Tem-se por problema de pesquisa constatar se a recepção dessa prova com valor especial descaracteriza a presunção de não culpabilidade. A importância desse estudo reside em analisar se os tribunais brasileiros atuam de acordo com a finalidade garantista do processo penal e de que forma o Poder Judiciário brasileiro lida com a garantia constitucional de não culpabilidade do réu. O estudo foi desenvolvido através de pesquisa bibliográfica do tipo narrativa com abordagem dedutiva, por se fazer necessária a fundamentação teórico-metodológica para este trabalho.
The Effect of Semi-Occluded Vocal Tract Exercise (SOVTE) and Traditional Vocal Warm-up (TVW) on the Vocal Quality of Untrained Female Singers in Malaysia: A Comparison
Authors: Shean Ter Wei , Yie Wong Kwan
Published: June 2022

Vocal warm-up has garnered much research attention these recent years. This study compared the short-term effects of straw phonation (SP) with a traditional vocal warm-up (TVW) on the vocal quality of untrained female singers. It also determined the effect of exercise type on the vocal economy and skill acquisition. Vocal quality was measured using voice range profile (VRP), multi-parametric index, acoustic, and aerodynamic parameters. Eighty participants were randomly recruited and divided into two equal groups to perform vocal warm-ups at a frequency of two 10-minute sessions per day for three weeks. Voice data were collected using Praat and Vocalgrama software, while the statistical results were analysed using Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS). As a result, some parameters, i.e., fundamental frequency maximum (F0-max), maximum intensity (max Int) and area of VRP, fundamental frequency (F0), jitter, shimmer, harmonics-to-noise ratio (HNR), and dysphonia severity index (DSI), projected significant changes after three weeks of warming up exercise in TVW group. In the SP group, the participants experienced significant changes in max Int and area of VRP only. Both groups did not exert significant changes to min Int, which indirectly measures phonation threshold pressure (PTP), signifying no improvement for the vocal economy. Participants from the TVW group benefitted the most from vocal warm-ups due to notable improvement in vocal quality, technical singing skills (i.e., skill acquisition), and vocal efficiency. Meanwhile, the SP group only benefitted in terms of enhanced vocal efficiency.
Acoustic parameters, aerodynamic, dysphonia severity index, semi-occluded vocal tract exercise, traditional vocal warm-up, vocal quality, voice range profile
Academic Stress Among Pre-University Students of the Commerce Stream: A Study in Karnataka
Authors: Sureshramana Mayya Shreemathi , Martis Maxie , Mayya Arun , Ramesh Iyer Vani Lakshmi , Ramesh Anirudh
Published: June 2022

Academic-related demands that exceed students’ adaptive capabilities are collectively known as academic stress. High levels of academic stress are associated with an increased likelihood of depression, insomnia, substance addiction, self-harm, suicidal ideation, and subsequently, quitting education. Globally, academic stress is now a common phenomenon due to COVID-19-induced changes in the education system. Knowledge of the magnitude of academic stress and its factors can enable early recognition, intervention, and alleviation of the problem. The objective of this study was to assess the magnitude of perceived academic stress and identify the main stressors through a cross-sectional survey using the Manipal Inventory of Academic Stress scale. The study participants involved 2152 Grade 11 and 12 Commerce students enrolled in 34 pre-university colleges in coastal Karnataka. A stratified cluster sampling method was used in the study. Statistical methods, namely descriptive statistics, multiple linear regression analysis, two-sample independent t-test, and one-way ANOVA tests, were used in the study. The study observed that one in every four pre-university students experienced high levels of perceived academic stress. Parent expectations, academic queries from neighbours and relatives, and lack of time for revision were identified as the top three stressors. Gender, grade, and mother’s education were associated with academic stress. Interventions at the individual, family, institutional, and community levels are the need of the hour to safeguard adolescents from negative experiences that might deprive them of wellness in their future.
Kesalahan Bacaan dalam Bahasa Melayu oleh Murid Disleksia Berdasarkan Perspektif Teori Levinson
Authors: Subramaniam Vijayaletchumy , Abd Wahid Puteri Roslina , Abd Rahim Normaliza , Kunasegran Kavenia
Published: June 2022

Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengkaji kesalahan bacaan bahasa Melayu dalam kalangan murid disleksia. Sampel kajian terdiri daripada 100 kanak-kanak disleksia yang dipilih daripada 10 cawangan Persatuan Disleksia Malaysia. Kajian ini bersandarkan Teori Levinson (1994) yang bertunjangkan tujuh jenis mekanisme kesalahan bacaan, iaitu pengguguran, pemindahan, penyisipan, penggantian, pembalikan, pemeluwapan, penambahan atau agakan/suka-suka. Data kajian dikumpulkan melalui kaedah pemerhatian dan pengujian. Pengkaji menggunakan teks bacaan bahasa Melayu mengikut kesesuaian tahap pembelajaran sebagai alat kajian dalam meneliti kesalahan bacaan murid disleksia. Hasil kajian membuktikan murid disleksia menunjukkan kesukaran dalam beberapa aspek bacaan, iaitu jenis pengguguran, pembalikan, penggantian, penyisipan dan agak-agakan. Kelima-lima jenis kesalahan bacaan tersebut didapati menyokong Teori Levinson Disleksia (1994), manakala hasil kajian juga telah membuktikan beberapa kesalahan bacaan dalam kalangan murid disleksia di luar jangkaan teori tersebut
Financial Planning for Retirement Models: An Integrative Systematic Review
Authors: Ghadwan Ahmad Saleh , Wan Ahmad Wan Marhaini , Hanifa Mohamed Hisham
Published: June 2022

Hundreds of financial planning literature reviews exist; only a few papers discuss the context of retirement. This paper aims to give researchers clarity and confidence on financial planning for retirement (FPR) by incorporating diverse perspectives, including theories, methodologies, and determinants of FPR. Given the importance of conceptual models to test hypotheses and predict information in a scientific study, the literature illustrated a dearth of model adoptions in examining the determinants that shape individuals’ perceptions of FPR behaviours. This paper highlights the pertinent gaps in the literature regarding the significant outcomes of empirical and theoretical contributions that relate to cognitive, psychological, and external variables influencing FPR. This review consists of two steps. The first step contains database searches, whereas the second step retrieves and screens all pertinent articles extensively covered over nearly 20 years between 2000–2019. In addition, this paper provides researchers with primary key features in prior publications, such as publication trends in years and countries, sample types, and statistical techniques employed.
Research of immunohistochemical biomarkers and Consensus Molecular Subtypes to characterize early-stage colorectal cancer patients
Authors:   , Azcue Sanromán Pablo
Published: June 2022

The work done for this doctoral thesis has, as a main objective, to better characterize patients with early‐stage (defined as stage II and III) colon cancer (CC). Similar efforts are already underway; however, our interest was that we should provide a solution that was useful, easy to implement, and with a defined methodology for the assessment of biomarkers. Ultimately, if the results of the study were positive, the use of the proposed biomarkers could be adopted into most hospitals quickly given the existing experience with immunohistochemistry (IHC) and without the burden of a high investment in human and economic resources. IHC was used to assess several biomarkers in our cohort. Our first approach was to understand the most current characterization efforts (the Consensus Molecular Subtype or CMS through transcriptomics) as well as the proposed IHC concordant panel. However, the intention was to assess it into a more homogenized cohort of early‐stage CC patients. Moreover, we used one additional biomarker that could help bring clearer prognostic value to this CMS classification. We then continued our research for different biomarkers that allowed a better classification of the full cohort, independently of the CMS. Such biomarkers needed to be accessible and validated in most hospitals, they also were required to have biological plausibility specially if they were founded on the experiences learned from transcriptomic analysis, and lastly, they had to show clinical value through overall survival or disease‐free survival. As a result of this study, we propose a novel biomarker panel for early‐stage CC patients comprised by MMR, PD‐L1, GLUT1 and CDX2. Based upon previous biological understanding of CC at various levels (genetic, epigenetic, signalling pathways, tumour microenvironment, clinical characteristics) our biomarker panel is capable of discerning patients according to their prognosis of survival or progression. By providing clearer expectations to both, patients and physicians, our hope is that the biomarker panel better informs treatment decisions and helps towards a more personalized medicine approach in this difficult‐to‐treat disease.
Análisis de los efectos generados por la pandemia mundial COVID-19 en el sector turístico ecuatoriano
Authors:   Universidad de Guayaquil, GARABIZA Bella R. , FRANCO Christian E. ,   Universidad de Guayaquil
Published: June 2022

El estudio analizó los efectos generados por la pandemia mundial COVID-19 en el sector turístico ecuatoriano. Se realizó una investigación documental para revisar indicadores como el Producto Interno Bruto (PIB) Turístico, la balanza turística y el empleo. La medida de restricciones de movilidad de las personas para frenar los niveles de contagio ocasionó un descenso en la demanda de productos turísticos y el cierre de algunas empresas, provocando un menor crecimiento y desarrollo económico del sector.
Estudio de un sistema de energía renovable para la producción de biogás a partir del estiércol de ganado en la hacienda Nueva Esperanza (Cotopaxi, Ecuador)
Authors:   Instituto Superior Tecnológico Cotopaxi, AYALA Silvia A. , JIJON Pedro F. ,   Instituto Superior Tecnológico Cotopaxi, CHACHA Pamela M. ,   Instituto Superior Tecnológico Cotopaxi
Published: June 2022

Diseñar un biodigestor práctico, reproducible, económico y sostenible que se convierta en una herramienta versátil que beneficie a las fracciones con limitaciones económicas en el sector agropecuario. Este trabajo ayuda a potenciar la productividad y a optimizar el uso de estiércol que de otra forma sería un desecho, por ende, un costo y un inconveniente ambiental. Producir biogás es un avance biotecnológico, que contribuye al manejo de los residuos sólidos orgánicos de la locación.
Percepciones de los docentes sobre el modelo pedagógico incluyendo sus prácticas de aula, un estudio fenomenológico
Authors:   Universidad de Córdoba, RAMOS Keila P.
Published: June 2022

La investigación buscó explorar las percepciones de los docentes de una institución privada de la Costa Atlantica colombiana sobre la implementación del modelo pedagógico institucional, incluyendo sus prácticas de aula. En el estudio con enfoque cualitativo y diseño fenomenológico trascendental, se utilizaron técnicas como entrevistas en profundidad y el diario del investigador que facilitó la aplicación del Bracketing. Los resultados se dan a conocer en los temas emergentes provistos por los participantes, cuya esencia es la estructura fundamental del fenómeno.
Sistema cultural de creencias religiosas populares del bicentenario. La presencia mariana en Chiquinquirá (Colombia)
Authors:   Secretaría de Educación Boyacá, CORTES Johanna E.
Published: June 2022

Este artículo de investigación está situado en el papel de la iglesia en la concepción cultural de la presencia mariana en un contexto local del bicentenario de Colombia, basado en una perspectiva metodológica de carácter sociológico que tiene en cuenta el Análisis Estructural de Contenido (AEC), desde la premisa de que los sistemas de creencias son una institución cultural desde el punto de vista de Hiernaux. Se relaciona con la actualidad concreta de su efecto en el municipio de Chiquinquirá, Boyacá, Colombia.
İPSALA’DA BİR OSMANLI HATIRASI: ALACA MUSTAFA PAŞA CAMİİ
Authors: KARADEMİR Murat , KAYIN Ayben
Published: June 2022

1361’de Osmanlılar tarafından fethedilen ve daha sonra başkent olan Edirne, siyasi ve kültürel açıdan olduğu kadar anıtsal mimarisi ile de dikkat çeken bir kent olmuştur. Osmanlıların kenti almasıyla birlikte bölgenin imarına önem verilmiş, kent merkezinin yanı sıra Edirne çevresinde de önemli eserler inşa edilmiştir.

Bilindiği üzere Osmanlı Kentlerinde olduğu gibi Edirne kentinin kurulup gelişmesinde öncelikle ülkenin sosyal ve ekonomik bakımdan önde gelen kişileri etkili olmuştur. Bunda sultan ve ailesinin yanı sıra üst düzey yöneticiler ve ekonomik yönden güçlü kişiler özellikle vakıf sistemi içinde yaptırdıkları eserlerle bölgenin gelişimine katkı sağlamışlardır. Bu gelişim sadece kent merkezinde meydana gelmemiş aynı zamanda merkeze yakın yerleşim yerlerinde de kendisini göstermiştir. Bu yerleşim yerlerinden birisi de İpsala’dır.

İpsala, Edirne’ye bağlı, oldukça köklü tarihi geçmişi olan bir yerleşim yeridir. Edirne kent merkezinin güneybatısında merkeze oldukça uzak konumda bulunan bölge, aynı zamanda bugün Yunanistan sınır kapısının bulunduğu ilçedir.

İpsala, Türkler tarafından fethedilmeden önce de pek çok kültüre ev sahipliği yapmış ama asıl önemini Osmanlı Devleti tarafından fethedildikten sonra göstermiştir. Fetihten sonra bölgenin önemi giderek artmıştır. Bu dönemde yörede pek çok mimari eser inşa edilmiş olsa da bu yapıların büyük bir bölümü günümüze ulaşamamıştır. Bugün Edirne’ye bağlı küçük bir ilçe konumunda olan İpsala’nın en önemli anıtsal eseri Alaca Mustafa Paşa tarafından yaptırıldığı bilinen ve kendi ismiyle tanınan camisidir.

Bu çalışmanın amacı İpsala ilçe merkezinde bulunan ve ilk kez tarafımızca ayrıntılı olarak ele alınan Alaca Mustafa Paşa Camisi’ni malzeme, plan, yapı elemanları ve süsleme özellikleri açısından inceleyerek Türk sanatı içindeki yerini belirlemek ve yapının tarihlendirilmesi üzerine kısa bir değerlendirme yapmaktır.
FROM CUNEIFORM TEXTS TO ANCIENT WRITERS: BEROSSOS
Authors: YILDIRIM Ercüment
Published: June 2022

While ancient historians create their works, they make citations to the narrative of previous authors and they did text quotes. These quotations were meant to enrich both the author's work and to provide wider information about the previous nations. Ancient writers used the narrations of the authors of these societies while giving information about the history of distant nations, such as Egypt and Mesopotamia. Many ancient historians have benefited from the nonextant work of Berossos for the history of Mesopotamia and mythological narratives known to have gone back thousands of years. These authors included the work of the Berossos, especially the king's lists, the Flood myth and the descriptions of the Oannes, adding their own interpretations. This situation has led the Greek community to arrive in the Hellenic world with the historical thought system of Mesopotamia and the tradition of mythological expression. While some of this information has been adopted with great appreciation by the Hellenic community, some of its credibility has been skeptical. The main reason for this situation can be claimed to be the cultural difference between the two communities. This study aims to reveal the effects of Mesopotamian wisdom on the Hellenic thought style by explaining how the narratives of the Hellenic community were found in the works of the historians of the era through the work of Berossos.
IoT Based Battery Monitoring System for Electric Vehicle
Authors: Prof. P. S. Mali  , Patil Arti S  , Gavade Pratibha S  , Mane Mrunal A  , Patil Aniket A
Published: June 2022

This paper describes the application of IoT Technology for monitoring different parameters of battery of electric vehicle. Electric vehicle totally depends upon the source of energy from the battery. In this project, the idea of monitoring the performance of the vehicle using IoT techniques is proposed, so that monitoring can be done easily and directly. The objective of the project is to promote green power and to improve smartness of electric vehicle by monitoring the battery parameters such as voltage, temperature, current and charge avaibility. Also, these values displayed in cloud, which brings the concept of Internet of Things (IoT). The IoT based battery monitoring system consist of two major parts i) Monitoring device and ii) User interface. Based on experimental results, the system is capable to detect battery performance.
Development and Validation of Analytical RP HPLC Method for Benidipine Hydrochloride
Authors: Gadhave Harshada D  , Mohape Vaishali R  , Chaudhari Pooja S  , Khaladkar Shraddha M
Published: June 2022

The aim of the present study is development and validation of analytical reverse phase (RP) high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) from Benidipine Hydrochloride. HPLC method is used for quantification, identification and purification of particular analyte or compound. The developed HPLC chromatographic technique was validated based on international conference on harmonization (ICH) Q2 guidelines for accuracy, precision, linearity, range and robustness. High performance liquid chromatography technique is rapid and precise technique. Advance for the validated of Benidipine Hydrochloride in pure and tablet dosage form. Diethyl ether was extracted from plasma in the presence of 5M NaOH (Sodium Hydroxide) Diethyl ether is used as internal standard like Benidipine and Benidipine d5. Benidipine is dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, which is used in the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris and is used to examine the efficacy and safety of therapy with Benidipine in elderly hypertensive patients.
IOT Surveillance Robot Car
Authors: Mrs. A. Jansi Rani  , Ms. A. Afna  , Ms. A. Remsitha Banu  , Ms. E. Sophiya
Published: June 2022

The Technology behind this paper is to develop a Robot to perform the act of surveillance in domestic areas. Nowadays robots plays a significant role in our day today life thus reducing human labor and human error. Robots are going to be manually controlled. In this project, one can manage the Robot with the help of mobile through Internet and might conjointly get the live streaming of video each in daytime furthermore as at night time with the help of wireless camera in the robot. The mechanism are going to be controlled manually with ESP32 CAM with TTL. This robot uses motor driver to the controller that controls the mechanism.
Formação do Terapeuta Centrado na Pessoa: Ética e Figuras de Alteridade
Authors: Abreu Ana Clara Vieira , Vieira Emanuel Meireles , Branco Paulo Coelho Castelo
Published: June 2022

Este estudo objetiva refletir como a dimensão ética perpassa a formação do terapeuta centrado na pessoa, a partir de uma leitura inspirada por Emmanuel Lévinas. Inicialmente, aponta os elementos formativos presentes na Psicologia de Carl Rogers e argumenta que tal formação decorre de uma ética de valores e atitudes relacionais que estão além das dimensões técnicas da clínica. Em seguida, pondera que os elementos éticos, presentes nessa formação, servem perceber com a pessoa como o Outro que não pode ser totalizado pelo terapeuta e o transcende. Depois, indica três figuras de alteridade que comparecem nessa formação, o: Outro do Desconhecimento; Outro da Diferenciação; Outro da Sensibilidade. Conclui que a ética da alteridade radical pode ser implicada à proposta não-diretiva desde que se pense a formação do terapeuta centrado na pessoa como um terapeuta centrado no Outro. Essa perspectiva possibilita, portanto, um aprendizado não técnico dos valores não-diretivos e das atitudes de congruência, consideração positiva incondicional e compreensão empática.
Money and Banking
Authors:   Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Hock Tsen Wong
Published: June 2022

Money and banking are about money, payment systems, banking and the central bank in an economy. The information on money and banking enables economic agents to make a better financial decision in the economy. Money is an exchange for goods and services and to settle debts. There is a link between the money supply and the monetary base. The money supply will increase or decrease when the monetary base or the money multiplier increases or decreases. The value of money will deteriorate fast when inflation is high. A payment system is an arrangement for exchange, which can be categorised into store-of-value systems and account-based systems. Asymmetric information can lead to adverse selection and moral hazard problems and thus, the asymmetric information problem can trigger the financial crisis problem. Banks can be commercial banks, investment banks and Islamic banks. Banks pool savings, provide safekeeping, accounting services and the payment systems, provide liquidity, diversify risk and provide financial information. Banking development is said to have a vital role in economic growth. Balance sheet management is important for the smooth running of the business of banks. Theory of term structure of interest rate attempts to explain the shape of the yield curve over time. Interest rate risk is a significant risk in the bank as a change in interest rate can affect both sides of the balance sheet of the bank. Financial innovation and bank consolidation are important issues in money and banking. The central bank manages monetary policy and oversees the financial system in an economy. The independence of the central bank can be a goal and operational independence. There are pro and con for the independence of the central bank and for the central bank to prick asset price bubble. This book can be divided into three main parts, namely money and the payment systems, banking and central bank. Chapter 1 to Chapter 2 explains money and the payment systems. Chapter 3 to Chapter 7 are banking. Chapter 8 is the central bank. Chapter 9 is concluding remarks. This book provides some fundamentals in money and banking for the economic agents, namely households, firms, governments and foreigners.
Water Gathering for Al-Thirthar Lake and Its Strategic Importance in Achieving of Development
Authors: Al-Duliemi Othman Mohammed Hussien
Published: June 2022

Supplying water is a concern in the world because of the decline in low rainfall in most of the world as a result of rising temperatures and increased evaporation/transpiration، which cause decreasing of farming areas and supplying food under high population numbers and effects on supplying them with food. This research study included determining the best sites that are suitable for creating available watersheds which serve the region in the future. Through the analysis of natural and geomorphological maps، declination، soil، natural vegetation as well as the analysis of information results through modern technology programmes which helped to identifying best places to create watersheds in the basin of Al- Thirthar Lake. Al- Thirthar Lake has a significant impact in increasing the region، the Euphrates and the Tigris River with water needs time of water scarcity، which could serve the region at the present and in the future. There are three sites in the basin of Al- Thirthar Lake which are suitable for the watersheds of dams، small lakes and different types. When those sites are invested correctly and successfully، then will have a clear impact in setting appropriate plans to encourage the future development process in the region and to be suitable with the dry and semi-arid environmental conditions، which suffer from a significant shortage of water resources in addition to the decline in population and geographical distribution in the region. Through the development of this strategy، it will achieve a great goal of the population settlement and invest those potentials in providing water، utilization of agricultural lands and provide the food needs of the country very dramatically، and this provides job opportunities for the unemployed and achieve the stability of life in the region.
A (IN)EFICÁCIA DA LEI GERAL DE PROTEÇÃO DE DADOS N° 13.709/18, SOB O PRISMA DOS DIREITOS DO CONSUMIDOR
Authors: Anunciação Weslley Silva da , Sousa Silvana Almeida de
Published: June 2022

O presente artigo tem o objetivo de apresentar a (in)eficácia da lei geral de proteção de dados n° 13.709/2018, sob a prisma dos direitos do consumidor. Neste sentido, será abordado os riscos do consumidor nas relações contratuais, quanto a divulgação e vazamento de dados pessoais, feito pelas empresas. A eficácia desta lei, está ligada diretamente nas relações envolvendo os dados pessoais, gerando a expectativa de privacidade e confiança ao titular dos dados, ou a presunção de excluir a vulnerabilidade dos consumidores, quanto ao compartilhamento de seus dados, bem como extinguir a autonomia das empresas na divulgação e vazamento dos dados pessoais dos consumidores. Os objetivos específicos deste trabalho, é apresentar as garantias asseguradas ao consumidor nas relações de consumo, bem como demonstrar os deveres das empresas devem seguir diante do tratamento dos dados, para prevenir de atos ilícitos, e por fim apresentar a (in)eficácia da aplicabilidade da referida lei, dentro das relações de consumo, analisando os atos ilícitos das empresas. Este estudo foi realizado por meio de revisão de literatura, realizando levantamentos bibliográficos acerca do assunto que nesse projeto foi trabalhado.
A LEI GERAL DA PROTEÇÃO DE DADOS (LGPD) E SUA APLICAÇÃO NA RELAÇÃO DE TRABALHO
Authors: Santos Andreia Xavier da Silva , Duarte Icaro de Souza
Published: June 2022

Os dados pessoais muitas vezes foram compartilhados sem autorização, com o aumento do uso da internet esse compartilhamento acabou ocorrendo de forma célere. A proteção de dados há tempos vem sendo abordado no ordenamento jurídico, porém ainda não tendo uma lei específica, em 2018 foi publicada a Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados (LGPD). Esse trabalho, pretende discutir quais os impactos ocorridos na relação de trabalho com a vigência da LGPD. Realizando uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Esta lei teve como base a Regulamento Geral de Proteção de Dados (GDPR) e, tem como objetivo proteger os direitos fundamentais do titular dos dados, seguindo alguns princípios. A LGPD além da proteção também aborda as sanções com multa limitada de R$50.000,00 (cinquenta milhões de reais) por infração ou até 2% (dois por cento) do faturamento de uma empresa, aplicadas em caso de descumprimento, em 2022 a proteção de dados pessoais foi inserida como um direito fundamental na Constituição Federal. Assim o empregador durante todas as fases da relação de trabalho com seus colaboradores, deve realizar processos e definir ações para o melhor desenvolvimento da empresa respeitando o que exige a LGDP, pois mesmo com um curto período de vigência a sua temática já vem sendo amplamente discutido nas instâncias do poder jurídico brasileiro.
Seasonal forecasting skill for the High Mountain Asia region in the Goddard Earth Observing System
Authors: Massoud Elias Charbel , Andrews Lauren , Reichle Rolf , Molod Andrea , Park Jongmin , Ruehr Sophie , Girotto Manuela
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Seasonal variability of the global hydrologic cycle directly impacts human activities, including hazard assessment and mitigation, agricultural decisions, and water resources management. This is particularly true across the High Mountain Asia (HMA) region, where water resource needs change depending on the seasonality and intensity of the hydrologic cycle. Forecasting the atmospheric states and surface conditions, including hydrometeorological relevant variables, at subseasonal-to-seasonal (S2S) lead times of weeks-to-months is an area of active research and development. NASA’s Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS) S2S prediction system has been developed with this research goal in mind. Here, we benchmark the forecast skill of GEOS-S2S (version 2) seasonal hydrometeorological forecasts in the HMA region, including a portion of the Indian Subcontinent, at 1-, 2-, and 3-month lead times during the retrospective forecast period, 1981–2016. To assess forecast skill, we evaluate 2-m air temperature, total precipitation, fractional snow cover, snow water equivalent, surface soil moisture, and terrestrial water storage forecasts against MERRA-2 and independent reanalysis, satellite observations, and data fusion products. Anomaly correlation is highest when the forecasts are evaluated against MERRA-2 and especially in variables with long memory in the climate system, possibly due to similar initial conditions and model architecture used in GEOS-S2S and MERRA-2. When compared to MERRA-2, results for the 1-month forecast skill ranges from anomaly correlation of Ranom=0.18 for precipitation to Ranom=0.62 for soil moisture. Anomaly correlations are persistently lower when forecasts are evaluated against independent observations; results for the 1-month forecast skill ranges from Ranom=0.13 for snow water equivalent to Ranom=0.24 for fractional snow cover. Hydrometeorological forecast skill is dependent on the forecast lead time, the memory of the variable within the physical system, and the validation dataset used. Overall, these results benchmark the GEOS-S2S system’s ability to forecast HMA hydrometeorology on the seasonal timescale.
Primary productivity measurements in the Ross Sea, Antarctica: a regional synthesis
Authors: Smith Jr. Walker O.
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Polar systems are undersampled due to the difficulty of
sampling remote and challenging environments; however, these systems are
critical components of global biogeochemical cycles. Measurements on primary
productivity in specific areas can quantify the input of organic matter to
food webs and so are of critical ecological importance as well. However,
long-term measurements using the same methodology are available only for a
few polar systems. Primary productivity measurements using 14C-uptake
incubations from the Ross Sea, Antarctica, are synthesized, along with
chlorophyll concentrations at the same depths and locations. A total of 19 independent cruises were completed and 449 stations occupied where
measurements of primary productivity (each with seven depths) were completed.
The incubations used the same basic simulated in situ methodology for all.
Integrated water column productivity for all stations averaged 1.10 ± 1.20 g C m−2 d−1, and the maximum was 13.1 g C m−2 d−1.
Annual productivity calculated from the means throughout the growing season
equalled 146 g C m−2 yr−1. The mean chlorophyll concentration in
the euphotic zone (the 1 % irradiance level) was 2.85 ± 2.68 mg m−3 (maximum observed concentration was 19.1 mg m−3). Maximum
photosynthetic rates above the 30 % isolume (normalized to chlorophyll)
averaged 0.98 ± 0.71 mg C (mg chl)−1 h−1, similar to the
maximum rate found in photosynthesis–irradiance measurements. Productivity
measurements are consistent with the temporal patterns of biomass found
previously, with biomass and productivity peaking in late December; mixed
layers were at a minimum at this time as well. Estimates of plankton
composition also suggest that pre-January productivity was largely driven by
the haptophyte Phaeocystis antarctica and summer productivity by diatoms. The data set (https://doi.org/10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.863815.2, Smith, 2021) will be
useful for a comparison to other Antarctic regions and provide a basis for
refined bio-optical models of regional primary productivity and
biogeochemical models for the Southern Ocean.
The sensitivity of Landscape Evolution Models to DEM grid cell size
Authors: Skinner Christopher J. , Coulthard Thomas J.
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Landscape evolution models (LEMs) are useful for understanding how large scale processes and perturbations influence the development of planetary surfaces. With their increasing sophistication and improvements in computational power they are finding greater uptake in analyses at finer spatial and temporal scales, however. For many LEMs, the planetary surface is represented by a grid of regularly spaced and sized grid cells, or pixels, referred to as a Digital Elevation Model (DEM), yet despite the importance of the DEM to LEM studies there has been little work to understand the influence of grid cell size (i.e. resolution) on model behaviour and outputs. This is despite the choice of grid cell size being arbitrary for many studies, with users needing to balance detail with computational efficiency. Using the global sensitivity analysis Morris Method, the sensitivity of the CAESAR-Lisflood LEM to the DEM grid cell size is evaluated relative to a set of key user-defined parameters, showing it had a similar level of influence as a key hydrological parameter and the choice of sediment transport law. Outputs relating to discharge and sediment yields remained stable across different grid cell sizes until the cells became so large that the representation of the hydrological network degraded. Although total sediment yields remained steady when changing the grid cell sizes, closer analysis revealed that using larger grid resulted in it being built up from fewer yet more geomorphically-active events, risking outputs that are ‘the right answer but for the wrong reasons”. These results are important considerations for modellers using LEMs and the methodologies detailed provide solutions to understanding the impacts of modelling choices on outputs.
Technical note: Hydrograph separation: How physically based is recursive digital filtering?
Authors: Eckhardt Klaus
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Recursive digital filtering of hydrographs is a widely used method to identify the groundwater-borne portion of streamflow. In this context, a distinction is often made between physically based and non-physically based algorithms. The algorithm of Furey and Gupta (2001), for example, is counted among the former. In this paper, it is contrasted with the algorithm of Eckhardt (2005). This algorithm represents a whole class of recursive digital filters based on the assumption that the aquifer is a linear reservoir. It is shown that the algorithm of Eckhardt (2005) is not merely a low-pass filter, but that it is largely identical to the aforementioned physically based algorithm of Furey and Gupta (2001). The algorithm of Eckhardt (2005) differs from the algorithm of Furey and Gupta (2001) only in the time delay assumed between precipitation and the exfiltration of groundwater into surface waters, and in the fact that two parameters are combined into one, BFImax. This parameter can thus be interpreted physically and an approach for its calculation emerges.
Evaluating the impact of post-processing medium-range ensemble streamflow forecasts from the European Flood Awareness System
Authors: Matthews Gwyneth , Barnard Christopher , Cloke Hannah , Dance Sarah L. , Jurlina Toni , Mazzetti Cinzia , Prudhomme Christel
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Streamflow forecasts provide vital information to aid emergency response preparedness and disaster risk reduction. Medium-range forecasts are created by forcing a hydrological model with output from numerical weather prediction systems. Uncertainties are unavoidably introduced throughout the system and can reduce the skill of the streamflow forecasts. Post-processing is a method used to quantify and reduce the overall uncertainties in order to improve the usefulness of the forecasts. The post-processing method that is used within the operational European Flood Awareness System is based on the model conditional processor and the ensemble model output statistics method. Using 2 years of reforecasts with daily timesteps, this method is evaluated for 522 stations across Europe. Post-processing was found to increase the skill of the forecasts at the majority of stations in terms of both the accuracy of the forecast median and the reliability of the forecast probability distribution. This improvement is seen at all lead times (up to 15 d) but is largest at short lead times. The greatest improvement was seen in low-lying, large catchments with long response times, whereas for catchments at high elevation and with very short response times the forecasts often failed to capture the magnitude of peak flows. Additionally, the quality and length of the observational time series used in the offline calibration of the method were found to be important. This evaluation of the post-processing method, and specifically the new information provided on characteristics that affect the performance of the method, will aid end users in making more informed decisions. It also highlights the potential issues that may be encountered when developing new post-processing methods.
The influence of vegetation water dynamics on the ASCAT backscatter–incidence angle relationship in the Amazon
Authors: Petchiappan Ashwini , Steele-Dunne Susan C. , Vreugdenhil Mariette , Hahn Sebastian , Wagner Wolfgang , Oliveira Rafael
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Microwave observations are sensitive to plant water content and could therefore provide essential information on biomass and plant water status in ecological and agricultural applications. The combined data record of the C-band scatterometers on the European Remote-Sensing Satellites (ERS)-1/2, the Metop (Meteorological Operational satellite)
series, and the planned Metop Second Generation satellites will span over 40 years, which would provide a long-term perspective on the role of vegetation in the climate system. Recent research has indicated that the unique viewing geometry of the Advanced SCATterometer (ASCAT) could be exploited to observe vegetation water dynamics. The incidence angle dependence of backscatter can be described with a second order polynomial, the slope and curvature of which are related to vegetation. In a study limited to grasslands, seasonal cycles, spatial patterns, and interannual variability in the slope and curvature were found to vary among grassland types and were attributed to differences in moisture availability, growing season length and phenological changes. To exploit ASCAT slope and curvature for global vegetation monitoring, their dynamics over a wider range of vegetation types needs to be quantified and explained in terms of vegetation water dynamics. Here, we compare ASCAT data with meteorological data and GRACE equivalent water thickness (EWT) to explain the dynamics of ASCAT backscatter, slope, and curvature in terms of moisture availability and demand. We consider differences in the seasonal cycle, diurnal differences, and the response to the 2010 and 2015 droughts across ecoregions in the Amazon basin and surroundings. Results show that spatial and temporal patterns in backscatter reflect moisture availability indicated by GRACE EWT. Slope and curvature dynamics vary considerably among the ecoregions. The evergreen forests, often used as a calibration target, exhibit very stable behavior, even under drought conditions. The limited seasonal variation follows changes in the radiation cycle and may indicate phenological changes such as litterfall. In contrast, the diversity of land cover types within the Cerrado region results in considerable heterogeneity in terms of the seasonal cycle and the influence of drought on both slope and curvature. Seasonal flooding in forest and savanna areas also produced a distinctive signature in terms of the backscatter as a function of incidence angle. This improved understanding of the incidence angle behavior of backscatter increases our ability to interpret and make optimal use of the ASCAT data record and vegetation optical depth products for vegetation monitoring.
Lessons for 4-H Youth Member Recruitment and Retention From the First-Generation College Student Literature
Authors: Parra Ashley Patricia , Morris Nicholas A. , Elliott-Engel Jeremy
Published: June 2022

4-H is the largest positive youth development organization in the United States and is implemented by the land grant university system. To achieve program expansion, the century-old organization will need to recruit and retain millions more youth that reflect their increasingly diversified communities. Higher education has also worked to recruit and retain youth previously not engaged in college. This paper explores the hypothesis that there are lessons to be learned by the 4-H program from the literature on first-generation college students. Literature on risk factors and retention are presented for both first-generation college students and 4-H youth members. The two literatures are compared for similarities. Parallels existing between the experience of a first-generation college student entering an undergraduate program and the experience of a first-generation 4-H youth member entering the 4-H program were explored. Considerable overlap is found between recruitment and retention challenges in both audiences prior to enrollment/participation and during matriculation/participation providing considerable opportunities for 4-H and positive youth development organizations to identify adaptations to support first-generation youth members.
Social Media Friends From Afterschool are Associated With Positive Youth Development in Digital Settings
Authors: DeSouza Lisette M. , Charmaraman Linda , Vargas Emily , Hall Georgia S.
Published: June 2022

Positive youth development has been extensively documented in contexts such as the family, school, and afterschool. Emerging theory and research indicate that digital contexts such as social media may also be venues through which young people develop skills and attributes associated with the 5 Cs model of positive youth development and thriving. This research attempted to understand if and how middle school youth’s in-person and online networks connect, and if they do connect, do these connections relate to engaging in beliefs and behaviors associated with PYD. Results suggest that in this sample, middle school youth include peers from afterschool in their online networks, and those who have friends from afterschool and school engaged in PYD- related social media behaviors at higher rates than those who were not connected to in-person networks. No association was found between the amount of time spent in after-school contexts and any of the positive or problematic social media outcomes in this study. Implications for youth development professionals considering the influence of social media on youth, and next steps for research on after-school activities and social media use of middle school youth are discussed.