bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Usaha Berbasis Mikro Kelompok Usaha Bersama (KUBE) Nurhikmah Di Kabupaten Batu Bara
Authors: Lubis Fadli Akbar
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kelayakan usaha industri karas-karas KUBE Nuhikmah di Kabupaten Batu Bara. Penelitian dilakukan secara purposive dengan pertimbangan bahwa wilayah ini merupakan daerah yang memiliki potensi dibidang usaha kuliner tradisional dan mayoritas penduduknya adalah suku Melayu, serta terdapat pengrajin usaha industri kue tradisional karas-karas. Dari hasil analisis investasi menggunakan rumus Benefit / Cost (B/C) usaha industri karas-karas KUBE Nurhikmah di daerah penelitian layak diusahakan dengan nilai B/C>1 yaitu 2,06>1. Dari analisis switching value, hasil perhitungan kenaikan maksimal dari biaya produksi sebesar 90 % serta penurunan penjualan sebesar 30% masih dapat ditoleransi dalam usaha industri karas-karas KUBE Nurhikmah.
The Influence of Pyramid Discussion towards Students’ Speaking Ability
Authors: Hasan Suhandi
Published: May 2021

The objective of this study was to find out the influence of pyramid discussion towards students’ speaking ability at the eleventh grade of SMA Negeri 11 Ambon in academic year of 2016/2017. The research design was quasi-experimental within pre-tests and post-tests given to both experimental class and control class. The students in experimental class were taught by using pyramid discussion while in the control class students were taught by using group investigation.
CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF GILLETTE® AUDIOVISUAL AD ENTITLED “WE BELIEVE: THE BEST MEN CAN BE”
Authors: Burhamzah Muftihaturrahmah , Alamsyah Alamsyah , Novia Lely
Published: May 2021

Advertising is one of the ways that can influence people to purchase products, services, or shaping one's mind for a way of life. The audiovisual ad gives more benefits over the audio one or the visual one because it is more attractive and can provide a clear view of the goods or the ideas by combining the audio and visual aspects. Bullying and sexual harassment have become a common issue that happened in society around the world. These issues give a negative impact on society, especially to the victims even to the men themselves. Gillette® had launched an audiovisual ad related to bullying and sexual harassment in 2019. The ad tries to convey the men to stop the bullying and sexual harassment issue caused by toxic masculinity happened worldwide. This study aims to critically study the text, the discursive practice, and the socio-cultural practice of the Gillette® audiovisual ad entitled “We Believe: The Best Man Can Be” by using the Fairclough’s method of Critical Discourse Analyses (CDA). From the textual analysis, it is found that the ad is using: (1) questioning form of sentences invoking the previous tagline of Gillette® “The Best a Man Can Get” to reinforce the campaign message of “The Best Man Can Be”; (2) using three kinds of tenses (present tense, future tense, and present perfect continues tense) in stating the fact related to toxic masculinity which has been going on far too long and also in saying the consequence of the ad's campaign message happened in the future; (3) using the pronoun "We" which refer to Gillette® as the influencer which has taken action in changing the toxic masculinity issue by describing the healthy version of what it means to be a man so it gives the impression of persuading to men; (4) using the conditional sentence to reinforce how important the message of the campaign willing to convey is. The analysis of the discursive practice of the ad that can be found is that Gillette®, as the producer, is using the #MeToo-inspired movement as the way to distribute the message of "The Best Man Can Be" to the men as the consumer. All of those ways are to campaign the healthy version of what it means to be a man motivated by a toxic masculinity phenomenon that happened in society as what has found from the socio-cultural practice analysis.
Imports and Import Substitution in Russia
Authors: Ivanov I.
Published: May 2021

The crisis of 2008 once more highlighted the problems of Russia economic security, of judicious combination of domestic production and imports, of protecting the interests of Russian producers. At this point, import performs quite important functions in the domestic reproduction process. It brings into the local market competition, prevents monopolization, covers the demand for the missing goods, forms a modern model of consumption, etc. However, the import’s excess significantly inhibits the process of import substitution. The lack of consistency in dealing with the import reduces its positive implications.
Problem of Population Ageing in Russia
Authors: Gontmakher E.
Published: May 2021

The author scrupulously considers the problem of population ageing in Russia and, highlights the global and individual features of the process. A special attention is paid to the analysis of the dynamics of the governmental expenditures on health care and pensions. Also, the author makes conclusions on the impact on the population ageing on the evolution of political system in Russia.
Political and Legal Aspects of Establishment of International Court on Former Yugoslavia
Authors: Nelaeva G. , Gizatullina Z.
Published: May 2021

In the beginning of the 1990-s there was growing interest on the part of the international community to establish international criminal tribunals meant to judge suspects charged with crimes perpetrated during armed conflicts. The International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) became the first tribunal in a number of international and quasi-international institutions that emerged after the end of the Cold War. It seems indispensable to examine the steps taken by the UN member states prior to the establishment of the ICTY in order to see the reasons why the decision to create such an institution had been taken.
North Korea Facing Collapse: Domestic Political and Social and Economic Situation
Authors: Leading Korean scholars no name
Published: May 2021

The paper deals with various aspects of economic and social crisis in the DPRK on the eve of 2010’s. Basically, there is an evident functional paralysis of the command economy that leads to its complete decay and breakdown. The result is emergence of a set of isolated sectors and segments living by different rules. Also, it triggers major social processes which undermine the stability of North Korean political system and its ideology. Different options of future developments are considered in the light of possible similarities with processes characteristic of the Soviet Union, East European countries and China in the past. Special attention is paid to actual and potential role of external factors, primarily to the influence of Chinese policy towards North Korea and the recent contacts with South Korea.
«Soft Power» as Contemporary Attribute of Great Power
Authors: Radikov I. , Leksyutina Y.
Published: May 2021

The concept of the U.S. "soft power" actualized by J. Nye in 1990s, which was based not only on potential capacities of this superpower, but also on impressive results of its external and internal policy, is considered in the article. Most states striving for playing a prominent role in world politics started to complement the battery of their foreign policy instruments with this concept. However, the degree of the state's impact on the world policy at the beginning of the XXth century is still determined by its synergistic national power, and the 'hard power" keeps playing one of the key roles in the modern world.
Regulation of Energy Derivatives Market
Authors: Maslennikov A.
Published: May 2021

In recent decades, the oil futures and so called paper oil market gained rapid development. There are different points of view on the issue, what influence the "paper" oil has on real oil prices: some experts believe that such influence doesn't exist, other specialists consider it to be essential. World financial crisis didn't stop the growth of derivatives exchange trading on the energy market. In the circumstances, the USA and the EU introduced its reform, but this process is going on very slowly. As a result, the restrictions presently existing on energy derivatives markets don't have a serious restraining effect on the volume of speculative trading.
Vietnam: Post-Socialist «Tiger»
Authors: Irishin G.
Published: May 2021

This publication presents regular materials of the scientific workshop "Modern Development Problems", which is held in the Center for Development and Modernization Studies of IMEMO RAN. The questions related to Vietnam's transition from a planned-distribution economy to a market economy started in 1986, to reforms implementation in a socio-political sphere which led to positive changes in the society and in life of population, are considered. The attention is drawn to the laws of development, common for transitional states and confirmed by Vietnam, and to its specific features of the modernization process.
Factors of Foreign Internship’s Efficiency
Authors: Tvorogova S.
Published: May 2021

The experience of being in a different environment, of resolving the professional, personal and cultural issues, of a high degree of autonomy definitely promote the personal growth. Internship program’s participants see greater opportunities for further development and raise the level of claims both to themselves and to the expectations of others. They expand the horizons of goal-setting, use the new tools for professional and personal growth. Expansion of international contacts has beneficial effects on the relationships with the external partners, as well on dynamics of their own lives, in which the new active people are included. All this suggests that the development of national and international programs is extremely important for our country. A positive foreign experience in this regard can not be overemphasized.
Belorussian Political Class under Conditions of 2011 Economic Crisis
Authors: Suzdal'tsev A.
Published: May 2021

The article is devoted to problems of development of modern Belarusian political class under the conditions of the gradual decomposition of the authoritarian regime of Alexander Lukashenko. The author concludes that recent development is triggered by the structural economic crisis that seriously the affected the Republic of Belarus in 2011. Thus, the political forces of the Republic, representatives of the nomenclature, business circles and the young Belarusian economic oligarchy are now facing difficult choices on which the future of Belarus will depends.
The Indo-Pacific: Indian View
Authors: Kupriyanov A.
Published: May 2021

Received 06.02.2021. The article focuses on the Indian version of the Indo-Pacific concept. The author notes that the Russian attitude towards Indo-Pacific is ambiguous, and argues that the reason is the vague and unstructured concept as such. The article analyzes the origin and history of the term Indo-Pacific itself. The author traces its history back 170 years and describes in detail how it was transformed during these years, consistently evolving from an exclusively geographical name to a geopolitical construct, then to an oceanographic term, then to a geopolitical construct again. Further, the author analyzes in detail the preconditions in the political, cultural, economic and security spheres, that had developed by the time of the emergence of the Indo-Pacific concept: India’s desire to form a sphere of political influence within the borders of the Indian Ocean region, confirming its status as a great power; concerns about Chinese expansion and the alleged “String of Pearls” strategy in the Indian Ocean; the desire to restore the cultural and civilizational unity of the Indosphere; an attempt to build a comprehensive economic strategy that would allow India with relying on regional organizations, bilateral ties and trade megablocks to catch up with China economically. Because of these preconditions the idea of the Indo-Pacific, proposed by the experts, was immediately accepted by the political elites of India and turned into one of the pillars of Indian foreign policy. The author identifies two main visions of the Indo-Pacific in Indian discourse: as an anti-Chinese concept and as a broader cultural and civilizational concept, which should serve as a basis for India’s further expansion into the Pacific. However, economic problems may prevent this concept from being further strengthened and turned into a full-fledged initiative. Nevertheless, India is unlikely to abandon the idea of the Indo-Pacific, so Russia should develop its own version of the Indo-Pacific concept, which would be combined with the Indian one and at the same time correspond to the interests of Russia.
Global Oil & Gas Corporations in the Race for Technological Superiority
Authors: Bereznoi A.
Published: May 2021

Received 16.12.2020. The article explores the key trends in R&D and innovation activities of the world’s largest oil&gas companies through the lens of dynamic shifts taking place in the competitive landscape of the global energy sector. The first area, where the author sees significant changes, relates to the appearance of the new powerful players in the technological domain of the world oil and gas industry. He draws attention to the growing roles of national oil companies and multinational oilfield service firms as increasingly important investors in R&D and innovations. These developments are analyzed in the context of the overall competitive positioning of Western-based supermajors whose technological dominance in the industry has never seriously been challenged before. Another significant change, noticed by the author, relates to the new technological priorities set by the world’s largest oil&gas companies for the foreseeable future. Two major sets of technologies are becoming increasingly important as strategic areas for investment by the industry giants. One of them, low-carbon technologies, reflects the dramatic evolution of the “Big Oil” attitude to the Energy transition. In contrast to a largely negativist (or at best ‘window-dressing’) approach to climate agenda, visible just a decade ago, most oil&gas giants have recently adopted individual low-carbon strategies driven to a large extent by the significantly increased pressure from the powerful institutional investors and the growing influence of the negative public opinion. The second top technological priority relates to the changing digital agenda in the oil and gas industry. It reflects the transition of the industry leaders to the next generation digital technologies (including internet of things, artificial intelligence, machine learning and robotics) but most importantly to a systemic approach in digital transformation contrasting with traditional “piecemeal” IT projects with limited operations coverage. The changing innovation management mechanisms are also considered by the author as one of the key trends in technological domain of the world oil and gas industry. Specific focus is devoted to the formation of the corporate innovation ecosystems, including various R&D and innovation collaborations with different innovation actors (business partners, professional research centers, universities and governments organizations) and the connected vast spread of open innovation-based instruments working within these alliances. Acknowledgements. The article was prepared within the framework of the Basic Research Program at the National Research University Higher School of Economics.
Simplified method for the rapid quantification of copper fractions in wine
Authors: Zhang Xinyi , Kontoudakis Nikolaos , Scollary Geoffrey R. , Clark Andrew C.
Published: May 2021

Simple and inexpensive methodologies for quantifying the total Cu concentration as well as various Cu fractions in wine have been recently developed, including the application of colorimetric analysis, and/or diatomaceous earth depth filtration. Compared to other conventional Cu analysis methods, the proposed approaches are more suitable for winery laboratories for reliable and affordable quantification of total Cu and its fractions during wine production.
A Control Approach Based on Observers of State and Uncertainty for a Class of Takagi–Sugeno Fuzzy Models
Authors: Zhao Jun , Han Hugang ,   School of Automation Engineering, Northeast Dianli Univeristy 169 Changchun Road, Jilin, Jilin, China,   Faculty of Information and Management Systems, Prefectural University of Hiroshima 1-1-71 Ujina-Higashi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Hiroshima 724-8558, Japan
Published: May 2021

Although the Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy model is effective for representing the dynamics of a plant to be controlled, two main questions arise when using it just as other models: 1) how to deal with the gap, which is referred to as uncertainty in this study, between the model and the concerned plant, and how to estimate the state information when it cannot be obtained directly, especially with the existence of uncertainty; 2) how to design a controller that guarantees a stable control system where only the estimated state is available and an uncertainty exists. While the existing studies cannot effectively observe the state and the resulting control systems can only be managed to be uniformly stable, this study first presents a state observer capable of precisely estimating the state regardless of the existence of uncertainty. Then, based on the state observer, an uncertainty observer is derived, which can track the trajectory of uncertainty whenever it occurs in a real system. Finally, a controller based on both observers is presented, which guarantees the asymptotic stability of the resulting control system.
Materializing Architecture for Processing Multimodal Signals for a Humanoid Robot Control System
Authors: Akikawa Motohiro ,   Department of Computer Science, School of Computing, Tokyo Institute of Technology  4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan, Yamamura Masayuki
Published: May 2021

In recent years, many systems have been developed to embed deep learning in robots. Some use multimodal information to achieve higher accuracy. In this paper, we highlight three aspects of such systems: cost, robustness, and system optimization. First, because the optimization of large architectures using real environments is computationally expensive, developing such architectures is difficult. Second, in a real-world environment, noise, such as changes in lighting, is often contained in the input. Thus, the architecture should be robust against noise. Finally, it can be difficult to coordinate a system composed of individually optimized modules; thus, the system is better optimized as one architecture. To address these aspects, a simple and highly robust architecture, namely memorizing and associating converted multimodal signal architecture (MACMSA), is proposed in this study. Verification experiments are conducted, and the potential of the proposed architecture is discussed. The experimental results show that MACMSA diminishes the effects of noise and obtains substantially higher robustness than a simple autoencoder. MACMSA takes us one step closer to building robots that can truly interact with humans.
Improved Tilt Feeling During Remote Control of Construction Machine by Tactile Sensation
Authors: Sakaniwa Hidenori , Tajiri Rikiya , Takano Masaki , Miyaki Mariko , Uwa Yuya , Yoshimoto Shunsuke , Yamamoto Akio ,   Center for Technology Innovation, Hitachi Ltd. 1-280 Higashi-koigakubo, Kokubunji, Tokyo 185-8601, Japan,   Global Center for Social Innovation, Hitachi Ltd. 1-280 Higashi-koigakubo, Kokubunji, Tokyo 185-8601, Japan,   The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
Published: May 2021

The aim of this work is to develop a technology that allows a remote operator of construction machine to feel the situations in a real working site to prevent fall accidents. In tele-operated maneuvering construction machine, it is difficult to recognize the tilt of the vehicle using only images from a camera mounted on the remote vehicle. Therefore, this study focuses on transmitting the feeling of the tilt using a controller with tactile stimulation. A gamepad-type tactile controller that performs palm pressurization is utilized to provide the tactile stimulus. The vehicle’s tilt is expressed by the palm pressure, which changes in corresponding to the vehicle’s pitch and roll angle. This study involves an experiment in which 10 subjects operate a vehicle remotely to climb on a slope. The subjects reported the tilt of the slope felt during the operation. The reported tilt is compared with those obtained by camera images only. The experiment results show that the accuracy of the recognized tilt was improved by 31.7% by utilizing a tactile stimulus when compared with the case involving operation using vision only. A subjective evaluation is performed using a five-point scale questionnaire. The results confirmed that the feeling of tilt, which is difficult to transmit using only video, was improved by 34%. This is an effective technology that transmits the feelings experienced in the remote field in real time. The proposed technology is thus expected to be useful for further development of teleworking technologies.
Speaker Localization Based on Audio-Visual Bimodal Fusion
Authors: Zhu Ying-Xin , Jin Hao-Ran ,   School of Automation, China University of Geosciences 388 Lumo Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China,   Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China,   Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Geo-Exploration, Ministry of Education Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
Published: May 2021

The demand for fluency in human–computer interaction is on an increase globally; thus, the active localization of the speaker by the machine has become a problem worth exploring. Considering that the stability and accuracy of the single-mode localization method are low, while the multi-mode localization method can utilize the redundancy of information to improve accuracy and anti-interference, a speaker localization method based on voice and image multimodal fusion is proposed. First, the voice localization method based on time differences of arrival (TDOA) in a microphone array and the face detection method based on the AdaBoost algorithm are presented herein. Second, a multimodal fusion method based on spatiotemporal fusion of speech and image is proposed, and it uses a coordinate system converter and frame rate tracker. The proposed method was tested by positioning the speaker stand at 15 different points, and each point was tested 50 times. The experimental results demonstrate that there is a high accuracy when the speaker stands in front of the positioning system within a certain range.
“Let Us Pick Up Our Books”: Young Adult Literature and the Refugee Experience
Authors: Darragh Janine J.
Published: May 2021

The complex and often controversial issue of the plight of refugees has been a hot-button topic of late. From local, national, and world news sources to Presidential debates to social media, one can find passionate opinions on both sides of this matter. In my work with preservice and inservice teachers of English language learners, I have heard multiple stories of how these often-polarizing opinions about refugees play out, sometimes in unfortunate ways, in the lives of the students they teach. With the wide array of opinions regarding refugees in the United States today, it is essential to spend class time discussing this topic in a safe space moderated by a knowledge-able educator. But how does a teacher even begin to broach the subject? Children’s and young adult (YA) literature that portrays the refugee experience may be just the place to start. In this article, I share a research project in which I sought to answer the question How is the refugee experience portrayed in middle and high school literature included on the Notable Social Studies Trade Books for Young People lists of the past five years? I follow this analysis with ideas for classroom implementation and other available resources for classroom use.
Book in Review: A Teaching Guide: Of Porcupines and Trusty Sidekicks and Road Trips to Infinity
Authors: Emert Toby
Published: May 2021

When I was a kid, my mother would send me or my younger brother to the attic—typically in late July or early August—to drag down the Samsonite suitcases to prepare for the annual family road trip to visit my father’s aunts, uncles, and cousins. In the late 1940s, my grandparents had plucked my father and his siblings from a backroad farm in the Tennessee hills and plunked them down on a similar backroad farm in Virginia. At the time, when telephones and car trips, even postage stamps, were luxuries, the comfort of family must have seemed a lifetime away. To maintain the bond, my grandfather’s nine sisters—none of whom ever moved more than 40 miles from the house they grew up in—hosted a summer family potluck. My grandfather always attended, even when he could not afford to take his family along. When my parents married, they made the trip to the reunion our annual “vacation.” The eight-hour road trip was a highlight of the year; it was essentially the only traveling my family did, and it required preparations. My mother spent the week prior to the trip choosing the clothes we would take, filling the toiletry case with small bottles of shampoo and new toothbrushes, and shopping for groceries for our in-route picnic lunch. My father disliked restaurants and air conditioning, so a shady picnic at a roadside table was a welcome relief from the sweaty backseat of our Chevrolet Impala. The hills of East Tennessee were dotted with “attractions”: air-brushed t-shirt shops, miniature golf greens, pancake houses, and steak-and-potato restaurants. After a few days, we would return home, mimicking the accents of our distant cousins and showing off our inexpensive souvenirs. Now, with the ubiquity of air travel, a journey of 350 miles seems inconsequential, but when I was young, the idea of a road trip possessed a sense of possibility. As the miles ticked by, moving me away from what I knew and understood best, the world across the state border shimmered with expectation.
Quién es quién en Morón de la Frontera a inicios de s. XVI (II): el "Bando de los particulares"
Authors: Martín Humanes José María
Published: May 2021

Resumen: La presente publicación forma parte de una serie de artículos dedicados al estudio prosopográfico de las principales personalidades de Morón de la Frontera en tiempos de los primeros condes de Ureña (ss. XV-XVI). A lo largo de los mismos, a modo de entradas personalizadas, se ofrecerán valiosos datos de archivo e informaciones de diversa procedencia sobre estas figuras, sus entramados familiares, estatutos jurídicos, oficios públicos, patrimonios o participaciones en la escena política cotidiana de la villa. En aquellos casos en los que la documentación lo ha hecho posible, se les ha acompañado de la respectiva representación genealógica y heráldica. En esta segunda entrega nos adentraremos en el universo de los bandos locales, presentando al conocido “bando de los particulares” y a una primera nómina de sus integrantes.Palabras clave: prosopografía, genealogía, poder y gobierno, elites locales, Morón de la Frontera, Sevilla, Temprana Edad Moderna.
«Cuya fachada y alzado forman la fábrica más agradable de aquel recinto». Andrés Antonio del Pino Ascanio y la portada del Palacio de los Condes de Santa Ana de Lucena (Córdoba)
Authors: Márquez Nereida Serrano
Published: May 2021

Resumen: El hallazgo del contrato inédito de la portada del Palacio de los condes de Santa Ana (Lucena) despeja muchos de los interrogantes que todavía envolvían a esta sobresaliente pieza de la arquitectura del Barroco cordobés. El presente trabajo ahonda en las circunstancias de su hechura y en su comitente, don Juan de Cuenca Mora, enlazando su ejecución con el proyecto más amplio de construcción de las casas principales por él emprendido y con la importante tradición de canteros lucentinos a la que pertenecieron sus artífices, Andrés Antonio del Pino Ascanio y Bartolomé y Andrés Hurtado de Rojas.Palabras clave: Portada; Barroco; Andrés Antonio del Pino Ascanio; Bartolomé y Andrés Hurtado de Rojas; Don Juan de Cuenca Mora
Las rectorías parroquiales en la ciudad de Córdoba durante el Antiguo Régimen: acercamiento a la cuestión
Authors: Rodríguez-Trenas Fernando
Published: May 2021

ResumenSi poco estudiado ha sido el estrato más bajo del clero en la ciudad de Córdoba, el pequeño núcleo que formaban los rectores parroquiales aún menos. Estas rectorías, de importancia supina para la labor pastoral y la administración de sacramentos, parecen no tener una forma definida durante la época moderna en Córdoba. La cuestión de su definición es el objeto de este artículo, para lo que se han consultado las constituciones sinodales de la diócesis, así como diversa información de archivo. Su carácter beneficial o no, así como la concesión de la cura animarum centran el debate. La adaptación al modelo tridentino de rectoría parroquial exigió un verdadero esfuerzo para la administración diocesana, que debió lidiar con las reticencias y alegaciones de una empoderada Universidad de Beneficiados que se había aprovechado de la indefinición de este cargo en la ciudad de Córdoba. Por ello, se destaca un punto de inflexión en esta situación en 1648, cuando el obispo Pimentel, animado desde Roma, plantea un modelo de patronato para estas rectorías que permitan la manutención de sus titulares sin el perjuicio de modificar cualquier reparto del diezmo parroquial, que hubiera supuesto una mayor oposición a la que ya hubo durante un siglo después.AbstractIf little studied has been the lower stratum of the clergy in the city of Córdoba, the small nucleus that made up the parish rectors even less. These rectories, of supine importance for pastoral work and the administration of the sacraments, seem to have no definite form during modern times in Córdoba. The question of its definition is the object of this article, for which the synodical constitutions of the diocese has been consulted, as well as various archival information. Its beneficial nature or not, as well as the granting of the cura animarum center the debate. The adaptation to the Tridentine model of parish rectory required a real effort from the diocesan administration, which had to deal with the reluctance and allegations of an empowered Universidad de Beneficiados, that had taken advantage of the lack of definition of this position in the city of Córdoba. For this reason, a turning point in this situation stands out in 1648, when the bishop fray Domingo Pimentel, encouraged from Rome, proposed a model of patronage for these rectories that would allow the maintenance of their holders without the detriment of modifying any distribution of the parish tithe, that it would have supposed a greater opposition to the one that already existed during a century later.
Combined Machine-Learning and Finite-Element Approach for Multiscale 3D Stress Modeling
Authors: Garcia-Teijeiro Xavier , Rodriguez-Herrera Adrian
Published: May 2021

In this paper, we propose a methodology that combines finite-element modeling with neural networks in the numerical modeling of systems with behavior that involves a wide span of spatial scales.

The method starts by constructing a high-resolution model of the subsurface, including its elastic mechanical properties and pore pressures. A second model is also constructed by scaling up mechanical properties and pressures into a coarse spatial resolution. Inexpensive finite-element solutions for stress are then obtained in the coarse model. These stress solutions aim at capturing regional trends and large-scale stress correlations. Finite-element solutions for stress are also obtained in high resolution, but only in a small subvolume of the 3D model. These stress solutions aim at estimating fine-grained details of the stress field introduced by the heterogeneity of rock properties at the fine scale.

A neural network is then trained to infer the transformation rules that map stress solutions between different scales. The inputs to the training are pressure and mechanical properties in high and low resolutions. The output is the fine-scale stress computed in the subvolume of the high-resolution model.

Once trained, the neural network can be used to approximate a high-resolution stress field in the entire 3D volume using the coarse-scale solution and only providing high-resolution material properties and pressures.

The results obtained indicate that when the coarse finite-element solutions are combined with the neural-network estimates, the results are within a 2 to 4% error of the results that would be computed with high-resolution finite-element models, but at a fraction of the cost in time and computational resources. This paper discusses the benefits and drawbacks of the method and illustrates its applicability by means of a worked example.
Identification of Ground Water Potential Zones Using GIS and Remote Sensing Techniques in the Case of Odiyo Watershed, Ethiopia
Authors: Deribe Habtamu , Debalke Dereje Biru
Published: May 2021

Background: The current study conducted to analysis the bottom water potential zones in Odiyo watershed. The study relies on the secondary data, which is collected from concern department and through internet. Totally nine parameters are consider for the study like drainage density, elevation, geology, geomorphology, land use and land cover, lineaments, rainfall pattern, slope gradient and soil texture. The chosen parameters are prepared and classified in GIS environment, then weightage for every parameter and its classes are assigned using Analytical Hierarchical Process, and eventually, weighted overlay analysis in ArcGIS accustomed discover the result. Results: The result relived that, about 183.87ha (0.613%) areas are having very high, 4846.23ha (16.18%) area are having high, 19229.4 ha (64.19%) having moderate, 5645.7ha (18.855) having low and 48.6ha (0.16%) area are having very low potential of well water. Conclusions: The knowledge on strength of ground water supported ground water zones help in management and development of the groundwater within the study area.
Speciation of Two Heavy Metals in Pastures and Animals: An Assessment of Health Risk
Authors: Chen Fu , Saqlain Laraib , Ma Jing , Khan Zafar Iqbal , Ahmad Kafeel , Ashfaq Asma , Sultana Razia , Muhammad Fatima Ghulam , Maqsood Ayesha , Naeem Majida , Malik Ifra Saleem , Munir Mudasra , Nadeem Muhammad , Yang Yongjun
Published: May 2021

The aim of study was access the cobalt and lead contamination in soil, forages and animals. Heavy metal pollution is a matter of prime significance in natural environment. Through food chain toxicity of heavy metals and their bioaccumulation potential are transferred into humans .Higher concentrations of metallic compounds are toxic to living organisms but these are essential to maintain body metabolism. Intake of food crops polluted with heavy metals is chief food chain channel for human exposure. Animals are exposed to heavy metal stress by the intake of richly contaminated food crops those are chief part of food chain. We collected samples of soil, plant, animal blood, hair and faeces to find contamination through wet digestion process in lab and metal analysis. Different forages were collected to study Zn amount in forages whilst soil and animals in Mianwali Pakistan. The health risk index (HRI) calculation was our major concern in this study. Our present findings also emphasized on the assessment of bio-concentration factor (BCF). We also calculated other significant indices i.e. Pollution load index (PLI), daily intake of metal (DIM), Health Risk Index (HRI) and Enrichment factor (EF). While the experimentation result showed different concentrations of metal in different seasons. When the Zn concentration in forages was (32.59-42.17mg/kg) and in soil (21.82-35.09 mg/kg). Soil samples showed higher level of (PLI) Pollution load index. Bio-concentration of zinc was (1.03-1.57mg/kg). It can be concluded as regular monitoring of the level metal is essential evaluate the contamination status.
Combination of ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids with 5-FU Inhibits SGC7901 Gastric Cancer Cell Growth via Rho-ROCK1 Signaling Pathway in Nude Mice
Authors: Yiyan Jiang , Keke Wang , Zhefeng Lou , Dan Hong , Tao Min
Published: May 2021

Background: Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancy with high mortality rate in the world. Systemic chemotherapy is thought to be an important treatment. However, due to the unsatisfactory efficiency and obvious side effects, it is urgent to detect new therapy strategy for gastric cancer. This study was aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of ω-3 polyunsaturated acids (PUFAs) combined with 5-FU on the growth of gastric cancer cells in nude mice. Methods: BALB/C nude mice were injected subcutaneously with SGC7901 gastric cancer cells to establish a tumor-bearing mouse model. The tumor growth in vivo was observed. Morphological of tumor specimens was observed by HE staining. The mRNA levels of RhoA, RhoC and ROCK1 in tumor tissues were detected by qPCR, and their protein levels were detected by immunofluorescence and Western Blot. Meanwhile, apoptosis –related proteins were also determined by Western Blot.Results: Compared with the NC control group, the tumor volume and weight in ω-3 PUFAs and 5-Fu groups were insignificantly lower, but significantly lower in the combination group. Compared with the abundant blood supply in the NC group, HE staining showed multifocal tumor necrosis in the three intervention groups, and this change was the most prominent in the combination group. And qPCR results showed that the mRNA levels of RhoA in the combination groups were significantly lower than this in the other groups. Immunofluorescence showed that the level of RhoA protein in the three intervention groups decline in varying degrees, especially in the combination group. Western Blot showed that the protein level of RhoA in the three intervention groups were significantly lower than those in the NC control group, especially in the combination group. Meanwhile, the protein level of ROCK1 in both 5-FU group and the combination group were significantly lower, especially in the combination group. Compared with the control group, the levels of Bcl-2 and Caspase-9 decreased in the combination group, the level of cleaved Parp was increased at the same time.Conclusion: ω-3 PUFAs combined with 5-FU may inhibit tumor growth through the Rho/ROCK pathway and promote apoptosis by down-regulating the levels of Bcl-2 and Caspase-9 and induce the increase of cleaved Parp level.
Description and Genome Analysis of Microvirga Antarctica Sp. Nov., A Novel Pink-Pigmented Psychrotolerant Bacterium Isolated From Antarctic Soil
Authors: Zhu Lin , Ping Weiwei , Zhang Siyue , Chen Ya , Zhang Ying , Zhang Jianli
Published: May 2021

During the investigation of exploring potential psychrotolerant species from Antarctica soil, a novel pink-pigmented bacterium designated strain 3D7T was isolated. Cells of the isolate were observed to be rod-shaped (0.7–0.9×1.0–2.2 µm), Gram-stain negative and non-motile. It was able to grow at 4–32 ℃, pH 7.0–10.0 and in the presence of 0–3 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain 3D7T belongs to the genus Microvirga and was most closely related to ‘Microvirga brassicacearum’ CDVBN77T (98.3 %), Microvirga subterranea DSM 14364T (96.8 %), Microvirga guangxiensis 25BT (96.5 %) and Microvirga aerophila DSM 21344T (96.5 %). The predominant quinone was ubiquinone 10 (Q-10), and the major fatty acids were summed feature 8 (C18:1ω7c and/or C18:1ω6c) and C19:0 cyclo ω8c. The predominant polar lipids were phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine. The genomic DNA G + C content of strain 3D7T was 63.5 mol%. Its genome sequence showed genes encoding phosphatases and lipases. Genetic machinery related to carbohydrate-active enzymes and secondary metabolites were also observed. The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA–DNA hybridization values based on whole genome sequences of strain 3D7T and its closely related species were below the threshold range for species determination. Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, phylogenetic and genomic analyses suggested that strain 3D7T represents a novel species of the genus Microvirga, for which the name Microvirga antarctica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 3D7T (= CGMCC 1.13821T = KCTC 72465T).
SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and characteristics of post-infection immunity in a general population cohort study in Catalonia, Spain.
Authors: Karachaliou Marianna , Moncunill Gemma , Espinosa Ana , Vinyals Gemma , Jiménez Alfons , Vidal Marta , Santano Rebeca , Barrios Diana , Puyol Laura , Carreras Anna , Mayer Leonie , Rubio Rocio , Cortés Beatriz , Pleguezuelos Vanessa , Gordo Cristina , Fossati Serena , Rivas Ioar , Casabonne Delphine , Vrijheid Martine , Izquierdo Luis , Aguilar Ruth , Basagaña Xavier , Aymerich Judith , de Cid Rafael , Dobaño Carlota , Kogevinas Manolis
Published: May 2021

Sparse data exist on the complex natural immunity to SARS-CoV-2 at the population level. We applied a well-validated multiplex serology test in 5000 participants of a general population study in Catalonia in blood samples collected from end June to mid November 2020. We detected a seroprevalence of 18.1% in adults (n=4740), and modeled extrapolation to the general population of Catalonia indicated a 15.3% seroprevalence. Antibodies persisted up to 9 months after infection. Immune profiling of infected individuals revealed that with increasing severity of infection (asymptomatic, 1-3 symptoms, ≥4 symptoms, admitted to hospital/ICU), seroresponses were more robust with a shift towards IgG over IgA and anti-spike over anti-nucleocapsid responses. Seropositive smokers showed lower seroresponses than non-smokers. In adolescents (n=260) seroprevalence was 11.5% and IgG anti-spike responses were dominant. Our study provides an unbiased estimate of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Catalonia and new evidence on the durability and heterogeneity of post-infection immunity.
Policies And Practice In Nigeria’s Pharmaceutical Sector: A Mixed Methods Exploration of Stakeholders’ Perspectives On Strategic Reforms
Authors: Adigwe Obi Peter
Published: May 2021

Background: Amongst other objectives, the National Drug Policy was designed to improve access to medicines, whilst also stimulating socioeconomic development. The policy was also intended to promote pharmaceutical research and development in Nigeria. Despite its criticality in the achievement of national Medicines’ Security, evidence suggests a policy failure with consequent implications on attendant national health indices. This study aimed at assessing the views of pharmaceutical sector practitioners and other stakeholders, on the status quo as well as on strategies that can improve access to health whilst developing the sector. Methods: Data were collected using questionnaires which were administered to stakeholders present during an event that focused on improving the Nigerian pharmaceutical sector. Questionnaires were completed and returned. Quantitative data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences, whilst textual data were analysed using thematic analysis.Results: Majority (48%) of the study participants indicated that current policy ecosystem was hostile for pharmaceutical sector growth and development. Also, a considerable proportion (97.3%) of the study participants indicated that increased investment in health research could stimulate the development of the pharmaceutical sector. Majority of the study participants indicated the need for collaboration between pharmaceutical companies, research institutes and the petrochemical industry.Conclusions: This study consequently identified several critical factors that can stimulate development in the sector, including increased funding of research; stringent implementation of existing policies; and prioritization of pharmaceutical sector by government and other key stakeholders.
Computer Simulation Algorithm of Gymnastics Formation Change Path Based on Wireless Sensor
Authors: Chen Bingxin , Kuang Lifei , He Wei
Published: May 2021

Today, with the rapid development of information age, the communication of science and technology is getting closer to each other, and our country has begun to conduct in-depth research on WSN. This study mainly discusses the computer simulation algorithm of gymnastics formation transformation path based on wireless sensor. In this study, an improved leader follower method is designed. In the research of gymnastics formation transformation of mobile nodes in wireless sensor network environment, the traditional three types of nodes are divided into four categories according to different formation responsibilities, namely coordinator, beacon node, leader and follower. When it makes accurate positioning with the help of beacon node information, it will send the information in the form of broadcast, and then the coordinator will send the information to the host computer through the serial port for tracking display. In order to make the mobile nodes in the network keep the current gymnastics formation moving towards the target point after completing the gymnastics formation transformation, this paper uses the L - φ closed-loop control method to modify the gymnastics formation in real time. The method based on the received signal strength is used to locate the mobile node. Combined with the positioning engine in the core processor CC2431 of the mobile node, the efficient and low-energy wireless positioning can be realized. Multiple mobile nodes coordinate and control each other, and each node communicates with each other through wireless mode, and senses its own heading angle information through geomagnetic sensor, so as to judge and adjust the maintenance and transformation of the current gymnastics formation. In the process of formation transformation, the analysis shows that the maximum offset of follower2 relative to the ideal path is + 0.28M in the process of marching to the desired position in the triangle queue. This research effectively realizes the computer simulation of autonomous formation.
Adjuvant Pelvic Radiotherapy in Ovarian Cancer: Outcomes By Risk Factors
Authors: Chen Jiarui , Mei Zijie , Hong Lu , Yang Chunxu , Chen Min , Xie Conghua , Qiu Hui
Published: May 2021

Background: Radiotherapy (RT) is not the current standard treatment option for ovarian cancer (OC) patients. The present study aims to explore the risk factors of adjuvant pelvic RT for patients with OC and to investigate prognostic factors associated with longer progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) period.Methods: From April 2004 to September 2020, OC patients administered with RT were collected retrospectively at our institution and those who received pelvic RT were selected for further analysis. Kaplan-Meier method was employed to estimate the PFS, OS and local control (LC) rate. Univariate and multivariate cox regression model were established to identify potential beneficiaries of pelvic RT.Results: Overall, a total of 89 OC patients underwent RT were identified, 70 of whom were treated with adjuvant pelvic RT and were eligible for final analysis. Median follow-up was 51.0 months. The estimated 3-year OS rate was 48.1% and 3-year PFS rate was 26.8%, respectively. CACTE grade 4 to 5 toxicities were observed in 2 patients. Multivariate cox model illustrated that high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC), advanced stage disease (FIGO stage III & IV), receiving pelvic RT during multiple relapses as well as no previous chemotherapy (CT) were independent risk factors for PFS. Additionally, patients with 0-1 risk factor had a longer PFS time than those with 2-4 risk factors.Conclusions: Pelvic RT was well tolerated and had favorable efficacy in OC patients with low risk factor (0-1), which might confer prolonged survival. However, further investigations are needed.