bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ИНТЕГРАЦИЯ И РАЗДЕЛЕНИЕ «ЯЗЫКА»: ЯЗЫКОВАЯ ПОЛИТИКА МОНГОЛЬСКИХ НАРОДОВ В СССР И МОНГОЛИИ в 1920–1940 гг.
Authors: Юкиясу Араи
Published: August 2023

Статья посвящена вопросам языковой политики монгольских народов СССР и Монголии, а именно бурят, калмыков и монголов в 1920-1940-е годы – наиболее турбулентный и судьбоносный период в истории письменностей данных народов, по которому отсутствуют исследования обобщающе-сопоставительного характера. Автор прослеживает историю письменностей монгольских народов с момента их возникновения и до 1941 года в широком историческом контексте. Детально рассмотрены процессы латинизации, кириллизации, деятельность известных лингвистов и общественных деятелей того времени. Отдельно автор останавливается на конференции монгольской группы народов по вопросам письменности и языка 1931 г., которая рассматривается как несбывшийся шанс единения монгольских народов на основе письменности. Делается вывод о том, что разделение монгольских языков на халха-монгольский, бурятский и калмыцкий в действительности было результатом языковой политики того периода. Визуализация речи посредством алфавитов и орфографии определила границы между данными языками.
THEORIES AND PRACTICES OF CHINA’S LANGUAGE RESOURCES
Authors: Yuming Li
Published: August 2023

Forty years have passed since the concept of language resources was proposed. In the 1980s, Australia formulated the National Language Policy based on this concept. Since the beginning of the 21st century, China has started to put this concept into practice. National Language Resources Monitoring and Research Center was established, and projects such as the Chinese Language Audio Database Resources and the National Project of Chinese Language Resource Preservation were carried out. China has successfully held International Conference on Role of Linguistic Diversity in Building a Global Community with Shared Future in cooperation with the UNESCO and has adopted the Yuelu Proclamation. China has been outstanding in advocating the concept of language resources and implementing language protection. Research on China’s language resources is carried out on the basis of the practices of language planning. The focus of research has moved from the nature of language as resources and their classification to the understanding of the functions of language resources. This article offers a detailed historical survey of the theories and practices of China’s language resources. It classifies language resources into three categories: oral, written, and derivative resources, and analyzes three functional domains of language resources: language reservation, language information processing, and language learning. In addition, this article proposes the view of language knowledge and regards language as not only a semiotic system, but also a bank for storing human language knowledge system and cultural system.
СОЦИОЛИНГВИСТИКА В КИТАЕ: ИСТОРИЯ СТАНОВЛЕНИЯ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ
Authors: Каплунова Мария Яковлевна
Published: August 2023

Языковая ситуация в Китае, обусловленная полиэтническим и мультикультурным составом населения, представляет определенный интерес для социолингвистов. Тем не менее проблемы функционирования китайского языка,выполняющего роль этнообъединяющего языка в стране; проблемы языков национальных меньшинств и другие ключевые вопросы языка и общества в Китае стали объектами взвешенной языковой политики сравнительно недавно, ввиду того, что китайская социолингвистика является молодой наукой, начало которой было положено в период реализации провозглашенной в 1978 г. политики реформ и открытости в КНР. За последние сорок лет социолингвистика в Китае прошла этапы возникновения, становления и развития, описанию которых посвящена данная статья. Кроме того, активное вовлечение социолингвистов в современную языковую политику страны позволяет определить период с начала XXI в. и по настоящее время как «этап устойчивого развития социолингвистики», а повсеместное внедрение социолингвистических методов исследования в рамках реализации принципов языковой политики и языкового строительства страны позволяет судить о перспективах дальнейшего развития социолингвистики в Китае.
MODO-TEMPORAL MICRO-SYSTEMS IN CONTEMPORARY ORAL FRENCH
Authors: Ponchon Thierry
Published: August 2023

The ability to use verbal modes and tenses in spoken French differently from standard French is undeniably aphenomenon that is part of social usage, especially among young people. Indeed, faced with a great variety and complexity of modes and tenses in written French, the speaker will tend to use in his speech only grammatical forms strictly necessary for immediate communication. This article is based on a survey carried out over a period from 2005to 2010, put into understanding with another independent oral corpus, in order to better underline the contrasts. The resulting cross-analysis shows not only the evolution of the language as a sociolect, but also the ability of some speakers to adapt their speech to the minimalist need for interlocution. First, it focuses on the opposition between the modal-temporal organization of written French and of contemporary spoken language. In a second step, itcharacterizes in this field the differentiation of use in “standard” oral French and in “spontaneous” oral French, to end up delineating the modo-temporal architectonics of the latter. By highlighting the fact that the variations and thetrends identified are a social trait and are part of the vitality of the language, thus, this study contributes to a more precise definition of “spontaneous” oral French as a social language and is intended to be an illustration of the contemporary socio- pragmatic use of the French language.
ФРАНЦУЗСКИЙ ЯЗЫК В КВЕБЕКЕ: ОСНОВНЫЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ
Authors: Кожемякина Валентина Алексеевна
Published: August 2023

Статья посвящена сопоставительному описанию особенностей квебекского варианта французского языка, который сформировался на территории Квебека с начала освоения французами Северной Америки. Описание морфологической системы и лексического состава квебекского французского языка позволило выявить его основные характеристики. Материалом исследования послужили словари и труды, посвященные квебекскому языку, а также собственные выводы автора при анализе речи квебекцев. При доминирующей тенденции к стандартному французскому языку язык франкоквебекцев характеризуется наличием архаизмов и диалектизмов, утраченных французским языком метрополии или сохранившихся только в диалектах. Определенную группу лексики составляют англицизмы, хотя их количество не так велико, как можно было бы ожидать. Особенный слой лексики представляют канадианизмы, которыми французские колонисты обозначали новые для них растения, животных, явления природы. Новая лексика либо заимствовалась, либо создавалась заново. При сопоставлении французского и квебекского французского языков можно с уверенностью сказать, что язык франкоквебекцев — это вариант французского языка, отмеченный особенностями, вытекающими из условий его развития.
СОВРЕМЕННАЯ СОЦИОЛИНГВИСТИЧЕСКАЯ СИТУАЦИЯ В ГОРОДЕ МАЙКОПЕ
Authors: Кузнецов Никита Александрович
Published: August 2023

Целью данной статьи является описание и анализ актуальной на сегодняшний день социолингвистической ситуации в городе Майкопе и его окрестностях. В статье показаны те особенности развития города Майкопа как «переселенческого» центра в начале его истории, а затем как города в статусе столицы национально-территориального образования, которые повлияли и/или до сих пор оказывают влияние на языковую ситуацию в нем. Подробно рассмотрены ключевые этнолингвистические компоненты (русский и адыгейский языки и говорящие на них этнические группы), показаны процессы усиления их доминирования над прочими языками. Представлены примеры языкового сдвига, особенно сильно проявляющегося в ситуации культурно близких этносов. Полно освещен вопрос корреляции между языком, этнической принадлежностью и самоидентификацией, весьма остро стоящий в адыгоязычной среде. Затронуты вопросы билингвизма на изучаемой территории. Миноритарные этнолингвистические компоненты разделены на группы, дан краткий анализ состояния отдельных представителей этих групп (арабский, армянский, греческий, татарский, турецкий языки и этнические группы). Рассмотрен фактор связи с основным массивом бытования языка с точки зрения его сохранения в диаспоре (на примере адыгов, татар и греков).
К ВОПРОСУ О НАЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ ЯЗЫКОВОЙ КОМПЕТЕНЦИИ
Authors: Юймин Ли
Published: August 2023

В статье рассматривается комплексное понятие национальной языковой компетенции в контексте языкового планирования в Китайской Народной Республике. Несмотря на то, что языковое планирование в разных странах мира сильно различается, его цели в общем смысле схожи: во-первых, это управление языковой жизнью, основанное на интересах государства; во-вторых − удовлетворение требований, предъявляемых к языку в связи с решением задач государственного управления. Применительно к Китаю первую цель можно сформулировать как «создание гармоничной языковой жизни», вторую – как «повышение национальной языковой компетенции» ввиду ее недостаточного уровня по сравнению с развитыми странами и не соответствующего современным требованиям развития страны. В связи с этим автор предлагает ряд мер для повышения национальной языковой компетенции в Китае, основанных на исследовании нынешней языковой ситуации в стране. Данные меры включают разработку языкового планирования в отношении иностранных языков в Китае, разработку стратегии международного распространения китайского языка в сфере науки, всестороннее развитие языковой компетенции граждан, развитие современных языковых технологий, а также повышение уровня управления языковой жизнью страны.
Thermal Diffusion and Diffusion Thermo Effects on MHD 3D Mixed Upper Convective Flow of Maxwell Nanofluid Flow Past using Nonlinear Radiative Heat Flux
Authors: Neeraja Gopalam  , Saila Kumari Annareddy
Published: August 2023

This article aims to investigate the effect of nanoparticles and magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) on the transfer of heat and mass using a three-dimensional upper-convected Maxwell (UCM) nanofluid flow across a stretched surface in the presence of diffusion thermo and thermal diffusion. A nonlinear radiative heat flow was included in formulating the equation that describes energy. The nonlinear partial differential equations of the issue are transformed into ordinary differential equations utilizing the similarity transformation. These equations are then solved using the well-known shooting approach in conjunction with the Runge-Kutta integration process of order four. To increase the dependability of our findings, we additionally make use of the bvp4c built-in function that is available in MATLAB. On the velocities, temperatures, and concentrations of the particles, the graphical and numerical representations of the effects of the main parameters, such as the Dufour parameter, the Brownian motion parameter, the Prandtl number, the thermophoresis parameter, and the magnetic parameter, are presented. It has been shown that the flow velocity decreases as a function of both the linear and nonlinear thermal radiation parameters. In addition, increasing values of the Brownian motion parameter have the effect of reducing the nanoparticle concentration profile
Numerical Study of Comparison of Thrust Bearing Slip - No Slip Condition on Acoustic Performance
Authors: Imam Syafaat  , Luky Rika Sari  , Muchammad Muchammad  , Mohammad Tauviqirrahman  , Eflita Yohana  , Jamari Jamari  , Budi Setiyana
Published: August 2023

The acoustic power level (APL) produced by a thrust bearing during operation has a major effect on its performance. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the impact of slip engineered on the noise generated by thrust bearings. A numerical approach was used to simulate open pocket bearings with varying film thickness depths. At the initial location of the slip area, three bearing models were analyzed: pocket slip, pocket no slip, and smooth slip. The results show that implementing slip can reduce noise levels, turbulence kinetic energy (TKE), and turbulence eddy dissipation (TED) rate. The average APL, TKE, and TED values were the lowest at the high film thickness
A Note on Two-Fluid Starting Flow in a Porous Spaced Channel with a Magnetic Field
Authors: Komal Goyal  , Suripeddi Srinivas
Published: August 2023

This study is concerned with starting flow of immiscible fluids in porous space owing to a sudden pressure gradient in the presence of a transverse magnetic field. The flow is divided into two regions, Region1(upper layer) and Region2(lower layer), and they are of variable widths. The required eigenvalues and eigenfunctions, along with the orthogonality, are developed. The analytic solution took on an infinite series structure due to the time-dependent initial transient component of the velocity. Analytical expressions for fluid velocity, volumetric flow rate, and shear stress are evaluated for pertinent parameters. We take cases when channels are filled with air over water and oil over water for analyzing the results. Channel with air over water illustrates that the upper layer is filled with air and the lower layer is filled with water. Similarly, a channel with oil over water illustrates that the upper layer is filled with oil, and the lower layer is filled with water. The effect of Hartmann number and time on velocity profiles has been seen in this study for variable fluid widths in both cases. It is observed that the starting flow velocity slows down with the increase of Hartmann number and porous medium parameter. The effect of the Hartmann number and porous medium parameter on the volumetric flow rate for oil over water case is also shown graphically. For a better understanding of the physical characteristics, the results of shear stress on the lower and upper walls of the channel also have been presented in tabular form.
Analysis of Blood Flow in Human Brain Vessels for Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Blood Properties
Authors: Nayeem Imtiaz Imtiaz  , Tasfia Siam Siam
Published: August 2023

The cerebral artery system can be affected by various diseases such as stroke, carotid stenosis, vertebral stenosis, intracranial stenosis, aneurysms, and vascular malformations. Understanding the blood flow specific to each patient's cerebral arteries can provide crucial information about how these diseases progress and guide potential treatment options. A patient-specific Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan of a human brain was utilized to create a 3D model of the arterial system. Blood flow simulations were conducted using the ANSYS (Fluent) R2021 software package. The ICEM meshing tool within the ANSYS software was employed to prepare the models. The velocity rise and pressure drop were observed in the branching of the basilar artery. This can provide valuable patient specific information on various cerebral diseases, and drug delivery cases. The non-Newtonian properties of blood were established by inputting the Power Law parameters into the ANSYS Fluent system. It was observed that the effects of non-Newtonian properties of blood are relatively negligible for the large vessels studied (> 200 um).
CFD Investigation on Thermal Comfort in Open Spaces Library in Tropical Climate
Authors: Djabir Abdoulaye Djabir  , Mohamad Nur Hidayat Mat  , Azian Hariri
Published: August 2023

Libraries consist of large indoor open spaces with comfortable environments for studying activities. Hence, library occupants are exposed to microclimatic conditions in the indoor environment of the library. This problem can lead to a series of thermal condition symptoms (cold or hot) and general discomfort. Therefore, this study aimed to develop computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model and validated the model with the field measurement data of the indoor open space located at the second floor of Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) library. Parameters validated inside the indoor open space library were air temperature, relative humidity, and mean radiant temperature measured at eight sampling points located 0.5 m height from the floor for first and second days (morning and afternoon session). Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) values and Thermal Sensation Vote (TSV) values were also validated. Then, the developed model was used to get the average comfort temperature that satisfied the PMV and TSV value between +0.5 and -0.5. The results showed that the relative errors between simulation and field measurement were less than 5.5% for air temperature, relative humidity, and mean radiant temperature. The relative error for PMV and TSV value between simulation and field measurement were less than 12.2% and 2.7% respectively. The experiment and the simulation value for all parameters investigated were in good agreement with acceptable relative error value. The study concluded that the average value of comfort temperature and relative humidity for thermal comfort value of PMV and TSV in the investigated open spaces in the library were 24˚C and 57% respectively
Pelatihan Pembuatan Flash Card untuk Mengembangkan Kreatifitas Guru PAUD dalam Mengajar
Authors: Novitasari Nurul , Alfatur Rosyida Eka , Maslakah Siti , Azkiyya Chilyatul , Shofiyana Aina
Published: August 2023

Guru adalah fasilitator bagi siswanya yang mana dituntut harus kreatif dalam menyiapkan bahan pembelajaran. Guru juga harus mengetahui 6 aspek perkembangan anak yang harus distimulasi agar dapat berkembang secara optimal. Berbagai macam penerapan pembelajaran dapat diimlementasikan melalui pelatihan. Oleh karena itu, PKM ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan kreatifitas guru dalam mengajar. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelkitian ini yaitu Participation Action Research (PAR), dan pendampingan guru berkolaborasi dengan mahasiswa Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM), PAR merupakan pendekatan dalam penelitian yang mendorong peneliti dan orang-orang yang mengambil manfaat dari penelitian untuk bekerja bersama-sama secara penuh dalam semua tahapan penelitian. PKM ini memberikan gambaran salah satu upaya untuk mengembangkan kreatifitas guru dalam mengajar dengan menggunakan bahan pembelajaran yang menarik bagi siswa contohnya yaitu pembuatan flas card. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: upaya mengembangkan Mengembangkan Kreatifitas Guru dalam Mengajar Di Kelompok Bermain & Raudlatul Athfal Bismilah Parengan peneliti mengajak guru untuk membuat salah satu Alat Permainan Edukatif (APE). Guru sangat bersemangat dan antusias dalam proses pembuatan mulai dari: mencari tema flas card, membuat desain, menempel di kertas karton serta mengguntingnya.
Impact Inces Marham pada Anak (Studi Kekekrasan Seksual pada Anak)
Authors: Machmud Hadi
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendalami Kekerasan seksual anak yang dilakukan oleh Muhrim (Ayah, Paman, dan Kakek) atau dikenal dengan inces di Kota Kendari. Penelitian ini meruapakan kualitatif studi kasus. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi dengan dukungan dokumentasi, kemudian di olah dan dianalisis dengan proses penyeleksian, mengklasifikasi, penyimpulan serta uji ulang. Hasil penelitian adalah anak mengalami kekerasan seksual dengan pemerkosaan yang dilakukan oleh muhrim yakni ayah, paman dan kakek, dengan latar belakang, penyebab dan motif berbeda yakni, anak sering ditinggal bersama di rumah, diajak bepergian bersama, diancam akan dibunuh, dilukai, diiming-iming sesuatu, diberikan obat tidur dan narkoba. Dampak fisik anak yang korban pemerkosaan oleh muhrin adalah; infeksi pada vagina (bernanah, berdarah dalam waktu yang lama, alat reproduksi bermasalah, hamil dan tidak dinikahkan karena tidak cukup usia dan dilarang dalam agama, sakit-sakitan, pucat, sedangkan dampak psikhis yakni trauma (ketakutan, menyendiri), kesakitan terutama alat vagina dan reproduksi, mengurung diri, orang tua bercerai, keluarga dijauhi dan dikucilkan masyarakat. Pemerintah dalam hal ini Dinas Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Perlindungan Anak telah melakukan berbagai upaya dalam menangani anak yang korban perekosaan oleh muhrimnya bekerjasama dengan dinas terkait, LSM perempuan serta psikolog dengan pendampingan dan pemulihan, memberikan bantuan materi,  melakukan penyuluhan pada masyarakat dilingkungan tempat tinggal korban.
Implementasi Manajemen Pembelajaran Proyek Berbasis Kurikulum Merdeka di Lembaga PAUD
Authors: Elok Endang Rasmani Upik , Wahyuningsih Siti , Winarji Bambang , Jumiatmoko Jumiatmoko , Eka Nurjanah Novita , Shofiatin Zuhro Nurul , Fitrianingtyas Anjar , Agustina Putri , Kristiani Wahyu Widiastuti Yuanita , Diah Putri Nazidah Milla , Ayu Sekar Prashanti Nabilla
Published: August 2023

Salah satu pilar utama dalam kurikulum merdeka yaitu pembelajaran yang dilaksanakan adalah Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek. Berdasarkan hasil temuan permasalahan oleh tim pengabdi di lapangan terkait penerapan pembelajaran berbasis proyek, maka tim pengabdi melaksanakan pengabdian yang terkemas dalam kegiatan Diseminasi Best Practices kepada guru dan tenaga pendidikan TK Islam Permata Hati Surakarta. Metode pengabdian yang digunakan adalah Service Learning. Adapun tahapan yang dilakukan antara lain: Tahap 1 Pemetaan Kebutuhan,; Tahap 2 Sosialisasi Best Practices manajemen Project Based Learning (PjBL); Tahap 3. Inisiasi; Tahap 4. Implementasi manajemen Project Based Learning (PjBL);Tahap 5. Evaluasi hasil implementasi manajemen Project Based Learning (PjBL). Kegiatan pengabdian yang dilakukan melalui diseminasi Best Practices ditujukan agar dapat memberikan kebaruan pengetahuan dan pemahaman para pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan di TK Islam Permata Hati, terkait  Implementasi Manajemen Pembelajaran Proyek berbasis Kurikulum Merdeka di Lembaga PAUD. Lebih lanjut, dengan adanya diseminasi Best Practices ini, TK Islam Permata Hati mampu memperoleh stimulasi dan referensi untuk menuangkan ide-ide kreatifnya dalam upaya melakukan implementasi manajemen pembelajaran proyek berbasis kurikulum merdeka.
The Effect Of Operating Cash Flow And Net Profit On Cash Dividend In Index Companies Kompas 100 On The Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: STIRMAN Ivone Gabriella , MORASA Jenny , PUSUNG Rudy
Published: August 2023

Cash dividends are one of the benefits obtained by investors as a form of profit sharing generated by the company, the profits obtained from cash dividends are expected to provide more certainty than capital gains. This study aims to determine the effect of operating cash flow and net profit on cash dividends in kompas 100 index companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2019-2021 period. This research uses quantitative methods with an associative approach. Sampling was carried out using the purposive sampling method and obtained by 36 companies that are members of the compass index 100. The results showed that partially the operating cash flow did not have a significant effect on cash dividends, and net profit had a significant effect on cash dividends, while simultaneously operating cash flow and net profit had a significant effect on cash dividends
Observations and Chemical Modeling of the Isotopologues of Formaldehyde and the Cations of Formyl and Protonated Formaldehyde in the Hot Molecular Core G331.512–0.103
Authors: Mendoza Edgar , Carvajal Miguel , Merello Manuel , Bronfman Leonardo , Boechat-Roberty Heloisa M.
Published: August 2023

In the interstellar cold gas, the chemistry of formaldehyde (H2CO) can be essential to explain the formation of complex organic molecules. On this matter, the massive and energetic protostellar object G331 is still unexplored; hence, we carried out a comprehensive study of the isotopologues of H2CO, the formyl cation (HCO+), and protonated formaldehyde (H2COH+) through the APEX observations in a spectral window of ∼159–356 GHz. We employed observational and theoretical methods to derive the physical properties of the molecular gas combining LTE and non-LTE analyses. Formaldehyde was characterized via 35 lines of H2CO,

H

2

13

CO, HDCO, and H2C18O. The formyl cation was detected via eight lines of HCO+, H13CO+, HC18O+, and HC17O+. Deuterium was clearly detected via HDCO, whereas DCO+ remained undetected. The H2COH+ was detected through three clean lines. According to the radiative analysis, formaldehyde appears to be embedded in a bulk gas with a wide range of temperatures (T ∼ 20–90 K), while HCO+ and H2COH+ are primarily associated with colder gas (T ≲ 30 K). The reaction H2CO+HCO+ → H2COH+ + CO is crucial for the balance of the three species. We used the Nautilus gas–grain code to predict the evolution of their molecular abundances relative to H2; their values at timescales of ∼103 yr matched the observations in G331: [H2CO] = (0.2–2) × 10−8, [HCO+] = (0.5–4) × 10−9, and [H2COH+] = (0.2–2) × 10−10. Based on the molecular evolution of H2CO, HCO+, and H2COH+, we hypothesized about the young lifetime of G331, which is consistent with the active gas–grain chemistry of massive protostellar objects.
Coagulation–Fragmentation Equilibrium for Charged Dust: Abundance of Submicron Grains Increases Dramatically in Protoplanetary Disks
Authors: Akimkin Vitaly , Ivlev Alexei V. , Caselli Paola , Gong Munan , Silsbee Kedron
Published: August 2023

Dust coagulation in protoplanetary disks is not straightforward and is subject to several slowdown mechanisms, such as bouncing, fragmentation, and radial drift to the star. Furthermore, dust grains in UV-shielded disk regions are negatively charged due to collisions with the surrounding electrons and ions, which leads to their electrostatic repulsion. For typical disk conditions, the relative velocities between micron-sized grains are small, and their collisions are strongly affected by the repulsion. On the other hand, collisions between pebble-sized grains can be too energetic, leading to grain fragmentation. The aim of the present paper is to study the combined effect of the electrostatic and fragmentation barriers on dust evolution. We numerically solve the Smoluchowski coagulation–fragmentation equation for grains whose charging occurs under conditions typical for the inner disk regions, where thermal ionization operates. We find that dust fragmentation efficiently resupplies the population of small grains under the electrostatic barrier. As a result, the equilibrium abundance of submicron grains is enhanced by several orders of magnitude compared to the case of neutral dust. For some conditions with fragmentation velocities of ∼1 m s−1, macroscopic grains are completely destroyed.
Hepatic Hemodynamics in Chronic Heart Failure of Ischemic Genesis
Authors: Zhannat M. Nurmakhanova , Akmaral B. Abdykulova , Maira O. Barmenbaeva , Zhantleu A. Dauren , Zoya Zh. Yensegenova , Marzhan S. Matchanova , Daniyar R. Sultankulov , Saltanat T. Makhmut , Nadezhda I. Toleuova , Aigul U. Myrzabayeva
Published: August 2023

Heart remodeling processes in the development of chronic heart failure (CHF) play a key role in systemic damage to organs and systems. With worsening of CHF, the linear velocities of the liver blood flow (bf) decrease, the diameters of both the common hepatic artery and the portal vein increase. Changes in arterial bf in patients with CHF had a multidirectional character from group to group, narrowing of the lumen of the vessel at the initial stages of the disease and its progressive expansion to functional class IV, fully reflect changes in central hemodynamics, and are explained by the structure of the vessel and its lability in relation to neurohumoral influences characteristic of the development of CHF.
Differences in Decreasing Bacteria Colonization Wound Irrigation using 0.9% Nacl Compared with Wound Irrigation using Active Ingredients Polyhexanide 0.1% and 0.1% Betaine in Open Fractures of Long Bone
Authors: Raditya I. Nyoman Yuda , Ridia K. G. Mulyadi , Aryana I. G. N. Wien , Fatmawati Ni Nengah Dwi , Suyasa I. Ketut
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND: An open fracture is an emergency case that must be treated quickly to prevent infection. The use of an irrigation solution containing 0.1% of the antimicrobial polyhexanide and 0.1% of the surfactant betaine has been associated with more satisfactory wound healing.
AIM: This study was comparing irrigation with polyhexanide 0.1% and betaine 0.1% (P + B) in reducing bacterial colonization of open fractures compared to using 0.9% natrium chloride (NaCl) solution.
METHODS: This study uses a pre- and post-control group design. Sampling was carried out in the operation room of the emergency care installation, inpatient installation, and outpatient installation of prof. Hospital. Dr. I.G.N.G Ngoerah Denpasar, between September and  November  2022. From a sample population suffering from open fractures of the lower extremities, samples of patients were taken who were irrigated with 0.9% NaCl solution with a mixture of polyhexanide 0.1% and betaine 0.1%. The presence or absence of bacterial colonization was examined using a surgical wound base swab with the Levine technique.
RESULTS: In the 30 patients in this study, there was a significant decrease in bacterial levels (Log colony-forming unit [CFU]/g) after irrigation, both from irrigation with NaCl (p = 0.04) and NaCl + P + B (p < 0.001). The reduction in bacterial levels was more significant with NaCl + P + B compared with NaCl alone, at post-irrigation (p < 0.001), H+3 (p = 0.003), and H + 7 (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: Wound irrigation using a combination of 0.9% NaCl, 0.1% polyhexanide, and 0.1% betaine reduced bacterial colonization more than using 0.9% NaCl-only solution in open fractures of long bones.
Unveiling the identity of Diaurora Cockerell, 1903 (Bivalvia, Unionidae): morphology, molecular phylogenetics, and the description of a new species
Authors: Chen Zhong-Guang , Dai Yu-Ting , Ouyang Shan , Huang Xiao-Chen , Wu Xiao-Ping
Published: August 2023

The monotypic freshwater mussel genus Diaurora Cockerell, 1903 has long been enigmatic due to its rarity and morphological confusion with Acuticosta. In this study, we comprehensively redescribed Diaurora aurorea (Heude, 1883) through a detailed analysis of shell morphology and molecular phylogenetics of recently collected specimens. Moreover, a new species, Diaurora laevesp. nov., was identified from the Fuyishui River, a tributary of the Zishui River in Shaoyang County, Shaoyang City, Hunan Province, China. Molecular phylogenetic analyses showed that D. aurorea and D. laevesp. nov. were reciprocally monophyletic and formed a clade as sister to Schistodesmus. Our study underscores the necessity of further exploring the diversity of freshwater mussels in understudied small tributaries throughout China.
Thermodynamic explanation and criterion for the exhibition of melting inability in molecular species
Authors: Tsioptsias C.
Published: August 2023

Thermodynamic properties of matter e.g., melting point, are important for various applications. However, in some substances the primary observed effect upon heating is decomposition which in some cases is accompanied by fluidization. Thus, it would be very useful to be able to predict if a given substance will be able to melt or will exhibit melting inability upon heating. In this work, a thermodynamic explanation for the melting inability of molecular solids is provided and a corresponding criterion is proposed for the prediction of melting ability or inability of a given substance. One key concept is to study the strength of the weakest chemical bond rather than overall enthalpy of reaction. This arises from the fact that if decomposition occurs, then, regardless of the extent of decomposition, the transition cannot be considered to be melting. The criterion can be combined with sophisticated modeling in order to derive accurate values. Here, a simple method is proposed and an approximate index is developed which allows for a rapid and massive implementation of the criterion. The index is based on the concept of group contributions methods (estimation of the enthalpy of the maximum possible interactions, ${\mathit{\Delta}} H_{max }$) and on a distorted version of Trouton's rule (correlation of $ {\mathit{\Delta}} H_{max }$ with the heat required for melting). The correlation factor (${x}_{melting}$) was found to be equal to 40.6%. The index is successfully applied in various organic substances, including (bio)molecules of pharmaceutical/nutraceutical interest. Index values between −30 and 0 correspond to marginal cases of rather high uncertainty. Positive index values clearly point out melting inability. The proposed index successfully predicts the melting ability/inability in more than 80% of the studied substances.
La cerámica común del castro de Saa (A Pastoriza, Lugo). Estudio del sector oeste (campañas 2016-2018)
Authors: Barbazán Domínguez Sara , Ramil Rego Eduardo , Lozano Hermida Hugo
Published: August 2023

En este trabajo presentamos los resultados del estudio de la cerámica común procedente del castro de Saa, situado en A Pastoriza, en el interior de la provincia de Lugo. Nos centraremos en la caracterización de las producciones de cerámica común procedentes de las campañas que tuvieron lugar entre el año 2016 y el año 2018, centradas en el sector oeste del yacimiento. Este castro, según los datos que aportan las excavaciones realizadas, parece iniciar sus ocupaciones en un momento anterior al cambio de era, mostrando, por el momento, una ocupación altoimperial. En este trabajo trataremos de caracterizar tipológicamente estas producciones cerámicas y determinar su evolución, ayudándonos, en la medida de lo posible, de las fases establecidas previamente sobre su contexto. Su estudio nos ayudará a definir en mayor profundidad las producciones cerámicas de esta época y a precisar el ámbito de influencia de la antigua ciudad romana de Lucus Augusti, situada a unos 40 km de distancia del asentamiento.
[gl] Neste traballo presentamos os resultados do estudo da cerámica común procedente do castro de Saa, situado na Pastoriza, no interior da provincia de Lugo. Centrarémonos na caracterización das producións de cerámica común procedentes das campañas que tiveron lugar entre o ano 2016 e o ano 2018, centradas no sector oeste do xacemento. Este castro, segundo os datos que achegan as escavacións realizadas, parece iniciar as súas ocupacións nun momento anterior ao cambio de era, mostrando, polo momento, unha ocupación altoimperial. Neste traballo trataremos de caracterizar tipolóxicamente estas producións cerámicas e determinar a súa evolución, axudándonos, na medida do posible, das fases establecidas previamente sobre o seu contexto. O seu estudo axudaranos a definir en maior profundidade as producións cerámicas desta época e a precisar o ámbito de influencia da antiga cidade romana de Lucus Augusti, situada a un 40 km de distancia do asentamento.
El arte de la relojería en la Compostela dieciochesca. Tiempo y sociedad en la Galicia moderna
Authors: Mena Acevedo Daniel
Published: August 2023

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo estudiar la historia de la relojería en Santiago de Compostela durante el siglo XVIII desde un punto de vista difusionista. Para este fin, emplearemos una amplia variedad de fuente impresas, notariales, fiscales y judiciales, entre otras. Abordaremos los cauces de la difusión técnica, sobre todo los tratados de relojería publicados en España entre 1698 y 1802; el perfil social y profesional de los relojeros que trabajaron en Galicia, especialmente de aquellos que sirvieron al cabildo catedralicio compostelano; y las transformaciones en el consumo de relojes, que se generalizaron como objetos de prestigio y distinción entre las elites sociales de la ciudad.
[gl] Este traballo ten como obxectivo estudar a historia da reloxería en Santiago de Compostela durante o século XVIII desde un punto de vista difusionista. Para este fin, empregaremos unha ampla variedade de fontes impresas, notariais, fiscais e xudiciais, entre outras. Abordaremos as vías da difusión técnica, sobre todo os tratados de reloxería publicados en España entre 1698 e 1802; o perfil social e profesional dos reloxeiros que traballaron en Galicia, especialmente daqueles que serviron ao cabido catedralicio compostelán; e as transformacións no consumo de reloxos, que se xeneralizaron como obxectos de prestixio e distinción entre as elites sociais da cidade.
Joaquín Galiacho y su Fábrica de Fundición y Loza La Victoria: el despegue industrial coruñés del siglo XIX
Authors: Teijeiro Mosquera Daniel Lucas
Published: August 2023

La Fábrica de Fundición y Loza La Victoria fue fundada por Joaquín Galiacho y Sierra en Monelos (A Coruña) y mantuvo su actividad productiva entre 1844 y 1858. A partir de la localización y análisis de diversos documentos gráficos y escritos, se da a conocer por primera vez su evolución empresarial, la especificación de su producción, su fisionomía arquitectónica y el impacto urbano que ocasionó en el desarrollo industrial de A Coruña.
[gl] A Fábrica de Fundición e Louza La Victoria foi fundada por Joaquín Galiacho y Sierra en Monelos (A Coruña) e mantivo a súa actividade produtiva entre 1844 e 1858. A partir da localización e análise de diversos documentos gráficos e escritos, dáse a coñecer por primeira vez a súa evolución empresarial, a especificación da súa producción, a súa fisonomía arquitectónica e o impacto urbano que ocasionou no desenvolvemento industrial da Coruña.
Antonio Fernández Fernández. O legado construído do indiano de Barallobre
Authors: García Castro José Manuel
Published: August 2023

Antonio Fernández Fernández puede ser un ejemplo más de tantos gallegos que tomaron el camino de la emigración, a finales del siglo XIX, en la búsqueda de una vida mejor. Partirá de su parroquia natal de Barallobre, en el ayuntamiento de Fene, en el año 1889, rumbo a la ciudad cubana de Cienfuegos. Tras hacer fortuna en la emigración como carpintero y constructor, regresará convertido en un indiano y será, precisamente en su parroquia natal, donde llevará a cabo sus obras más singulares. Entre ellas, se incluye su propia casa, uno de los ejemplos más destacados de la arquitectura indiana, ademáis de la construcción de lanchas de pasaje e incluso una sala de cine. El objetivo del presente texto será, por lo tanto, la puesta en valor de la figura de Antonio Fernández a través del exhaustivo estudio de su legado construido.
[gl] Antonio Fernández Fernández pode ser un exemplo máis de tantos galegos que tomaron o camiño da emigración, alá por finais do século XIX, na busca dunha vida mellor. Partirá da súa parroquia natal de Barallobre, no concello de Fene, no ano 1889, rumbo á cidade cubana de Cienfuegos. Tras facer fortuna na emigración como carpinteiro e construtor, regresará convertido nun indiano e será, precisamente na súa parroquia natal, onde levará a cabo as súas obras máis singulares. Entre elas, inclúese a súa propia casa, un dos exemplos máis destacados da arquitectura indiana, ademais da construción de lanchas de pasaxe e incluso unha sala de cine. O obxectivo do presente texto será, polo tanto, a posta en valor da figura de Antonio Fernández a través do exhaustivo estudio do seu legado construído.
Fog Computing for Spatial Data Infrastructure: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Ahmad Munir , Ali Asmat , Khiyal Malik Sikander Hayat
Published: August 2023

Fog computing is a promising approach to address the challenges faced by traditional spatial data infrastructure when processing large-scale and real-time data. This chapter examined the opportunities and challenges of using fog computing in SDI through the service dominant logic framework. The study showed that fog computing can improve SDI by providing real-time data processing, improved data security and privacy, and increased accessibility of geospatial data. However, challenges such as data quality and interoperability, collaboration, technical infrastructure, and governance policies need to be addressed. The chapter suggested ways to improve the value co-creation process between fog computing and SDI users, including collaboration and partnership, investment in technical infrastructure, and capacity building initiatives. Future research can investigate the practical implementation and evaluation of fog computing in SDI applications.
The Development of STEM Education in the Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Shahat Mohamed A. , Al-Balushi Sulaiman M.
Published: August 2023

This overview includes the impact of STEM programs in Oman, significant improvements in delivery, and plans for the future. The chapter outlines the research efforts underway in Oman regarding STEM and describes a nationally-funded strategic project by His Majesty Trust Fund Strategic Grants to enhance teachers' capabilities in STEM-based competencies and students' interest in STEM-related specialties. The chapter sheds light on the different scholarship opportunities offered by on the Oman Ministry of Higher Education, Research, and Innovation for students to pursue further education in specific disciplines of study in higher education institutions (HEIs) in Oman and abroad. The chapter also clarifies the stages of implementing the STEM Oman program in schools. The chapter includes a detailed description of training programs designed to prepare science teachers for the STEM Oman program. Next, the authors discuss the future development and plans for STEM Oman.
Opportunities and Challenges of Introducing Digital Health Training in Medical and Health Sciences Education in Palestine
Authors: Ghosheh Mohammad J. , Ghosheh Ghadeer O.
Published: August 2023

Over the past decade, there has been an increase in the spread of digital health tools in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), including Palestine. This spread is changing the role of medical and health sciences students, which necessitates educational training to prepare a new generation of professionals. This chapter reviews the programs in Palestine in terms of offering classes in the three main areas in Digital Medicine, Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, and Genomics. Each of the areas is discussed in terms of state-of-the-art applications, opportunities and challenges that could be faced regarding its inclusion in Palestinian education programs. While many Palestinian universities offered classes that target computer skills, most programs lacked a focus on new applications that are projected to change the future of healthcare. The chapter concludes by discussing the promise of developing competencies in digital health on job opportunities and improving the Palestinian education indicators for medicine and health sciences on the local and international levels.
Reimagining Curriculum
Authors: Bateiha Summer , Mir Sadia
Published: August 2023

The authors of this chapter propose that the decolonization of Western course content and teaching practice is one of the necessary next steps to build a more equitable and inclusive mathematics curriculum in Qatar. Decolonization of curriculum and pedagogy involves a multilayered process including recognition of constraints placed upon curriculum and pedagogy, a disruption of these constraints, and a creation of alternatives. In this chapter, the authors outline three areas of concern: non-Eurocentric representation, single ways of learning, and elitism in mathematics; and offers pedagogical strategies as a roadmap forward towards decolonization of mathematics curriculum. This is followed by a description of a series of workshops designed for and held with teachers in the community. Finally, the authors present data about teacher perceptions of adopting culturally relevant storytelling as a tool for math education when combined with best practices in mathematics pedagogy.
Opportunities and Challenges in Digitization of Indigenous Knowledge and Implication for Educational Management in the Nigerian Context
Authors: Asuquo Michael Ekpenyong , Okenjom Godian Patrick , Okpa Ovat Egbe , Eyiene Ameh Eyiene
Published: August 2023

This chapter focuses on opportunities and challenges in digitizing indigenous knowledge with implications for educational management in the Nigerian context. Digitization provides an avenue for safeguarding and sharing traditional knowledge that may be at risk of being lost or marginalized. By converting indigenous knowledge into digital formats, it can be documented, archived, and easily accessed by future generations, thereby contributing to the preservation of cultural heritage. Specifically, this chapter addresses the overview of indigenous knowledge, digitization of indigenous knowledge, management of indigenous knowledge in the digital age, opportunity in the digitization of indigenous knowledge and challenges of digitization of indigenous knowledge.
Efficacy of Acquiring and Transferring Indigenous Medicinal Knowledge Among Its Owners and Practitioners in uMhlathuze in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Khanyile Nokwanda Charity , Dlamini Petrus Nhlavu , Masenya Tlou Maggie
Published: August 2023

Most of the population in Africa is still dependent on indigenous medicinal knowledge for treating and managing ailments. However, it is still not yet understood how this valuable knowledge is acquired and transferred from one generation to the next. The aim of this chapter was to assess the process of acquiring and transferring indigenous medicinal knowledge among its owners and practitioners. The study adopted a qualitative research approach. The findings revealed that indigenous medicinal knowledge is acquired in many different ways including visions, dreams and vigorous training and it is transferred to specially chosen children and trainees through vigorous training.
Enhancing African Indigenous Knowledge Collection Management in Ugandan Public University Libraries
Authors: Rugambwa Nina Olivia , Akena Francis Adyanga , Nabutto Claire Clement Lutaaya , Bugembe Grace Kamulegeya
Published: August 2023

Various studies in library and information science have emphasized that indigenous knowledge management is still a neglected area and a challenge in the discipline of information management. However, the rationale for this neglect and driving challenges in university libraries has not been documented from the practitioner's perspective. This chapter shares lived experiences from experienced senior staff of public University libraries in Uganda regarding the management of African Indigenous knowledge collections. The study uses the theoretical lens of Wilson's information behavior model interpolated with participants' views to gain insight into the perspectives of the practitioners. The findings revealed challenges in lack of appropriate metadata descriptors to accommodate this knowledge, biased knowledge organization tools that are incompatible with African indigenous knowledge metadata characteristics, and limited funding in university libraries for research and indigenous knowledge collection development.
Turbulences in Repackaging Traditional Knowledge in an Era of Sovereignty
Authors: Chisita Collence Takaingenhamo , Kaddu Sarah
Published: August 2023

Traditional or Indigenous systems have always been the bedrock of Africans' socioeconomic and political livelihoods before the dawn of colonialism in developing countries like Uganda and Zimbabwe. Indigenous practices are important to people's daily lives. This chapter looks to strengthen classical African systems and methods for decoloniality. The study explored traditional knowledge with a focus on its meanings and critical features, reviewed the laws protecting traditional knowledge in Uganda and Zimbabwe, and how libraries can contribute to preserving such classical knowledge in Zimbabwe and Uganda. It explored the factors that affect the preservation of traditional and proposed strategies to enhance conventional conservation by libraries in Zimbabwe and Uganda. An Afrocentric paradigm underpins the chapter, and data were collected from the literature review and the researchers' personal experiences as members of indigenous communities.