bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification and analysis of stress-assiciated protein (SAP) encoding genes in papaya (Carica papaya L.) by using in silico methods
Authors: Le Thi Man , Tran Thi Thanh Huyen , Le Chi Toan , Tran Thi Thanh Loan , Cao Phi Bang
Published: June 2021

By using the in silico methods, total of seven stress-associated protein encoding genes have identified in the geneome of papaya (Carica papaya L.). The full-length genomic sequence of papaya SAP genes were ranging from 416 to 813 nucleotides. These genes had single intron or were intronless. The predicted protein sequences included from 114 to 270 amino acids, according to the molecular weight ranged from 13.10 to 29.63 kDa. These proteins were alkaline with a pI value ranging from 8.82 to 9.95. Based on the protein structure and the phylogeneic analysis, the papaya SAP were divided into two groups, I (five members) and II (two members). The papaya SAP had a highly conserved level of structure including two conserved regions, A20-AN21 (group I), or AN21 domains only (group II). RNA-seq analysis showed that all of seven SAP genes expressed in papaya leaves and were induced by freeze thaw awakening treatment (in comparison with control treatment). CpSAP2 showed the highest relative expression level in compared to other SAP genes of papaya. The results of this work have an important significance and are base of the further research on gene cloning, functional analysis of SAP genes and breeding of papaya in response to environmental abiotic stresses.
Chloritis caseus (Pfeiffer, 1860): a newly recorded species for the fauna of Vietnam (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Camaenidae)
Authors: Do Duc Sang , Nguyen Thanh Son
Published: June 2021

The genus Chloritis H. Beck, 1837 comprises 160 species in the world and is restricted to South-east Asia with numerous species having usually small distributional ranges. There were eight Chloritis species discovered in Vietnam. Specimens of Chloritis caseus (Pfeiffer, 1860) have been found in Dak Lak Province as a new record for the fauna of Vietnam, thus so far, there is a total of nine species of the genus Chloritis reveated for terrestrial molluscs of Vietnam. Chloritis caseus has some the following characters as: shell medium, dextral, yellowish-brown in colour; shell rather flat with slightly elevated spire; body whorl keeled, somewhat shouldered due to slight depression from ventrolateral direction; whorls 4½, convex, separated by impressively deep suture; approximately quarter of the last whorl turns obliquely downwards, so the aperture is directed toward umbilicus; aperture rounded, peristome expanded, reflexed and thickened; parietal callus present only; umbilicus open.
Structure, biosynthesis, and biological activities of cyclooligomer depsipeptides from fungi
Authors: Nguyen Thi Thuy Van , Nguyen Dinh Viet , Duong Minh Lam
Published: June 2021

Cyclooligomer depsipeptides (CODs) are peptolides, in which their symmetric structure ring structure has two or more ester bonds formed and alternately arranged between amino and α-hydroxy acid. CODs belong to four main groups of cyclotetrapeptides, cyclohexadepsipeptides, cyclooctadepsipeptides and diketomorpholines. These compounds have been mainly isolated from Acremonium, Aspergillus, Beauveria, Cordyceps, Fusarium, Isaria, Nigrospora, Peacilomyces, and Verticillium. The biosynthesis of CODs takes place outside the ribosome by giant multi-domain enzymes called nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs). Two different models about the formation of these depsipeptides were proposed. Fungal CODs are known to exhibit various biological activities, especially insecticidal, antitumoral, antimicrobial and antiviral activities. Therefore, CODs are considered to be natural substances with extremely potential applications in medicine and agriculture. This review highlights the structures, classification, biosynthesis, and biological activities of the fungal CODs.
Study on the effect of substrates on some growth and yield indicators of red reishi mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum)
Authors: Nguyen Xuan Lam , Nguyen Phuong Thao , Pham Thi Van , Ngo Van Thang
Published: June 2021

The research aimed to evaluate the effects of 3 types of substrate (containing the main ingredient being Bodhi sawdust, which was treated and mixed according to 3 different formulas) on the growth and productivity of red reishi mushrooms. The results of the study showed that, of the three types of research medium formulations, Bodhi sawdust treated long-term with incubating for 168 hours was the substrate for the highest mushroom yield, reaching 96.73 g\bag, showing through the indexes of the number of fruiting body bunches\bag (3.47 bunches), fruiting body thickness (1.09 cm), fruiting body diameter (14.8 cm), polysaccharide content of mushroom (2.128%). Meanwhile, the substrate containing 70% sawdust and 30% straw substrates had the highest mycelial growth rate (1.02 cm\day) and the shortest mycelial growth time (the mushroom silk covered the whole bag at 26.3 days). Compared with the above two types of media, the formula using sawdust for short-term treatment (incubated for 48 hours) is ineffective in both the mycelial growth and fruiting body formation stages. The obtained research results contribute to perfecting the production process of red reishi mushrooms on the substrate of agricultural by-products, reducing environmental pollution and bringing economic efficiency to the farmers.
Assessment of mangrove forest change in Ca Mau province using satellite images in the period of 1988 - 2018
Authors: Phung Thai Duong , Ton Son
Published: June 2021

On the basis of using practical methods, satellite image processing methods, the vegetation coverage classification system of the study area, interpretation key for the study area, classification and post-classification pro cessing, this research introduces how to exploit and process multi-temporal satellite images in evaluating the changes of forest area. Landsat 4, 5 TM and Landsat 8 OLI remote sensing image data were used to evaluate the changes in the area of mangrove forests (RNM) in Ca Mau province in the periods of 1988 - 1998, 1998 - 2013, 2013 - 2018, and 1988 - 2018. The results of the image interpretation in 1988, 1998, 2013, 2018 and the overlapping of the above maps show: In the 30-year period from 1988 to 2018, the total area of mangroves in Ca Mau province was decreased by 28% compared to the beginning, from 71,093.3 ha in 1988 reduced to 51,363.5 ha in 2018, decreasing by 19,729.8 ha. The recovery speed of mangroves is 2 times lower than their disappearance speed. Specifically, from 1988 to 2018, mangroves disappeared on an area of 42,534.9 hectares and appeared on the new area of 22,805 hectares, only 12,154.5 hectares of mangroves remained unchanged. The fluctuation of mangrove area in Ca Mau province is related to the process of deforestation to dig shrimp ponds, coastal erosion, the formation of mangroves on new coastal alluvial lands and soil dunes in estuaries, as well as planting new mangroves in inefficient shrimp ponds.
Flood hazard zoning in Ngan Sau, Ngan Pho river basin, Ha Tinh province using GIS and analytical hierarchical process
Authors: Dang Thi Tuyet Minh
Published: June 2021

This paper introduces the AHP method integrated with GIS technology to provide information for flood hazard analysis in the Ngan Sau and Ngan Pho river basins. The factors ìnluencing the occurrence of floods in a study area include slope, rainfall, drainage density, soil, relative slope length, and land cover. These data are used for establishing a flood hazard zone map in a GIS environment. The obtained results indicate that the two main causes of flooding are rainfall and slope with weights of 45% and 25.5%, respectively. The resultant map has shown about 82.78% of the total catchment area is having a high and very high probability of flood and areas under high flood hazard only covers 17.22% of the study area. The validation of the flood hazard zone map was conducted based on flood evens in the field. The results showed that the AHP technique and GIS are reliable methods for the assessment of the flood hazard potential, specifically in spare-data regions.
Two outstanding literary phenomena of the Chinese literature at the end of the 20th century
Authors: Nguyen Thi Mai Chanh
Published: June 2021

Song thực ra, nếu không có cái định mệnh như thế thì đã không có lịch sử văn học đích thực. Việc đặt vấn đề nghiên cứu một cách khách quan những đóng góp của các hiện tượng văn xuôi nổi bật cuối thế kỉ XX đối với sự phát triển của văn học đương đại Trung Quốc là điều hết sức cần thiết. The emergence of some literary phenomena in Chinese literature at the end of the 20th century was the last hit to the collapse of the literature order that had been established since several centuries ago after the founding of new China (1949). This emergence is considered equivalent to the establishment of an innovative literary concept, bringing literary composition and delivery closer to the nature of the literature. Nowadays, upon discussing the Chinese literary phenomenon at the end of the 20th century, it is inevitable to connect it with the life-long career of an aging generation of writers. To unearth the contribution of this generation is somehow similar to an archeologist’s work and also comparable to the critical observation of a turning point in the literary history. Elements that those literary phenomena used to strive to overthrow in order to replace them with new concepts have been eradicated or outdated, which seems to be the “fate” of any “pioneering” movement. However, that fate is inevitable during the course of literary history. Therefore, it is deemed vital to conduct an objective research on the contributions of the outstanding literary phenomena at the end of the 20th century to the development of modern Chinese literature.
Narrative viewpoint in the Indian Ramayana epic
Authors: Le Thi Bich Thuy
Published: June 2021

Viewpoint is a key structural matter. The author can not describe and narrate any events about life without selecting a viewpoint for things and phenomena. The artistic point of view is just a means that helps the readers and listeners have a deeper look at the artistic structure of the work to better understand the ideological content and values as well as artistic values of the work. When studying the narrative viewpoint in the Indian Ramayana epic, we want to consider the technique of choosing the author’s position in the spatial and temporal coordinates to observe and tell to the listeners and readers. We have found that the narrative viewpoint is structured very flexibly in the creation of the epic writer, and narrator in the Ramayana epic. That is the narrator’s omniscient viewpoint with the shift of point of view in space and time, showing the attitude and feelings of descendants with the “absolute past” at the unchanging viewpoint.
The unwomanly face of war by Svetlana Alexievich - The war’s hidden corners through the againsting voice of women
Authors: Nguyen Thi Hai Phuong , Trieu Thi Ngoc Linh
Published: June 2021

In the article “The unwomanly face of war (Svetlana Alexievich) - The war’s hidden corners through the againsting voice of women”, we would like to mention two main points: The first thing is the suppression of the maleist ideology in the view of war and the second one is the voice of women that againsts the maleist ideology. In this work, it can be seen that war is happened through the discourse of women; Svetlana Alexievich gave women (The others) the voice to speak up and thereby the author showed us the hidden corners, the down sides of war.
About the narrative organization in The Kon Tum prison by Le Van Hien and The Prison by Thien Giang
Authors: Pham Van Dai
Published: June 2021

For any prose works, narrative plays an important role in creating the structure of the work. Besides, they also important meaningful in choosing, organizing, giving issues, events, phenomena, specific objects described in the word make the content and plot of these works that make these works always deployed, not stagnant or stalled. Approaching the work The Kon Tum prison by Le Van Hien and The Prison by Thien Giang through narrative aspect will help readers understand clearly about structure and contents of the works with the lofty image of patriotic soldiers who yearn for freedom, willing to sacrifice themselves for the revolutionary ideals.
Landscape assessment for space orientation for ecological tourism development in Van Ho district, Son La province
Authors: Pham Anh Tuan
Published: June 2021

The paper presents the results of landscape assessment serving the spatial orientation of ecotourism development in Van Ho district, Son La province. The input data includes: Terrain (elevation, slope, slope direction, ground roughness); Natural (temperature, rainfall, geology and soil); Environment (vegetation cover density, land use activity, protected\ protected area, distance from water source); Socio-economic (distance from residential points, distance from major roads, distance from cultural sites, distance from negative points). The weights of the criteria are determined through AHP method. The component values of the indicators and the overall landscape value were determined by overlaying the maps. The results show that: About 75% of the district area is not suitable for ecotourism development, about 25% of the area is suitable for ecotourism development, distributed in the east and southeast of the district.
On Truncated Zeghdoudi Distribution : Posterior Analysis under Different Loss Functions for Type II Censored Data
Authors: Talhi Hamida , Aiachi Hiba
Published: June 2021

We perform a Bayesian analysis of the upper trunacated Zeghdoudi distribution based on type II censored data. Using various loss functions including the generalised quadratic, entropy and Linex functions, we obtain Bayes estimators and the corresponding posterior risks. As tractable analytical forms of these estimators is out of reach, we propose the use of simulations based on Markov chain Monte-carlo methods to study their performance. Given nitial values of model parameters, we also obtain maximum likelihood estimators. Using Pitmanw closeness criterion and integrated mean square error we  compare their performance with those of the Bayesian estimators. Finally, we illustrate our approach through an example using a set of real data.
Classical and Bayesian inference approaches for the exponentiated discrete Weibull model with censored data and a cure fraction
Authors: Achcar Jorge Alberto , Martinez Edson Zangiacomi , Lopes de Freitas Bruno Caparroz , Peres Marcos Vinicius de Oliveira
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we introduce maximum likelihood and Bayesian parameter estimation for the exponentiated discrete Weibull (EDW) distribution in presence of randomly right censored data. We also consider the inclusion of a cure fraction in the model. The performance of the maximum likelihood estimation approach is assessed by conducting an extensive simulation study with different sample sizes and different values for the parameters of the EDW distribution. The usefuness of the proposed model is illustrated with two examples considering real data sets.
Traumatic infratentorial epidural haematoma: presentation and treatment outcome at the Jos University Teaching Hospital, North Central Nigeria
Authors: Shilong Danaan J. , Bot Gyang M.
Published: June 2021

Background: Traumatic infratentorial epidural haematoma (TIEH), also called posterior fossa epidural haematomas when compared to their supratentorial counterparts, are very rare and their presentation nonspecific, accounting for 0.1-0.3% of all head trauma. Data on TIEH in our environment is very scanty. Our objective was to document the different presentations of TIEH and the outcome of management of these patients in our setting.Methods: This was a retrospective study of consecutive patients with head injury in whom non contrast cranial CT scan showed the presence of an infratentorial epidural haematoma and who presented to the Jos university teaching hospital between January 2012 to December 2020. The patients’ demographics, aetiology, clinical features, CT scan findings and outcome of treatment were extracted from the case folders and analysed using simple proportions.Results: There was a total of seven patients with TIEH out of a total of 308 patients with traumatic epidural haematoma, thus accounting for 2.3% of epidural haematomas in our series. All the TIEH were caused by road traffic collisions, all but one (85.7%) occurred in adults. Six (85.7%) of the patients had occipital skull fractures detected with cranial CT scan or at surgery. Two (28.6%) of the patients were managed non-operatively under close monitoring and did well. Five (71.4%) of the patients were managed surgically. There was one death, giving an overall mortality of (14.3%).Conclusions: TIEH is rare, the presentation is non-specific and early surgical decompression is lifesaving in selected patients.
Endodontic regenerative treatment for internal radicular resorption using bio-ceramic material, case report
Authors: Duque-Urióstegui Cristhal , Duque-Urióstegui Carla B. , Barrera-Mera Baltazar , Díaz-Bárcenas Rebeca J. , Alavez-García Tonatiuh , Vega-Arenas Lucía , Bolaños-Lezama Karla A. , López Andrea Anaya , Alarcón-Méndez Sandra J. , Castañeda-Palacios Gabriela , Cruz-Zúñiga Miguel A. , Muñoz-Ramírez Yanirethe I. , Jimenez-Banda María F. , Pérez-Ortega Emilio , Valderrama-Treviño Alan Isaac
Published: June 2021

The internal resorption of the internal radicular conduct is a process than can be both physiological or pathological, being the osteoclasts, odontoclasts and dentinoclast responsible for said process. 49-year-old female patient, refers orthodontic treatment at age 20, attends a dental check-up due to pain when chewing. Dental organ (DO) #11 was diagnosed with internal root resorption and symptomatic, suppurative apical periodontitis. Treatment started performing an endodontic access and taking a conductometry reading with an apical foramen locator, using a precision hybrid instrumentation technique and applying hypochlorite irrigation, the intra-canal was medicated with chemically pure calcium hydroxide for 7 days. The canal obturation was repaired infiltrating a bio-ceramic material (BIO-C Sealer) followed by the placement of the single cone using a vertical condensation technique.
David procedure for aortic root aneurysm in the background of Marfan syndrome patient with severe kyphoscoliosis and previous mitral valve replacement
Authors: Zulkifli Mohd Faizal Effendi , Marican Muhamad Azri Muhamad , Nor Mohamad Arif Muhammad , Jasid Abdul Muiz , Kamarulzaman Mohd Hamzah
Published: June 2021

Cardiac complication is one of the diseases that usually develop in Marfan syndrome patient such as mitral valve regurgitation and aortic root aneurysm. Apart from that, other congenital anomalies also tend to occur in this group of patients such as pectus excavatum and scoliosis. We report a case of successful high-risk surgery involving a Marfan syndrome patient who had underlying severe kyphoscoliosis and previous mitral valve replacement that underwent redo sternotomy and valve sparing aortic root repair (David procedure). The surgery was challenging due to the need to perform redo-sternotomy on severe pectus patient, performing valve sparing aortic root repair, and complicated with injury to right coronary artery require modified Cabrol modification for implantation of the coronary artery. The available literature about redo sternotomy on severe pectus excavatum for aortic root repair is limited, hence this paper aims to highlight the successful of performing the procedure, and the complication that might occur during the procedure.
Clinical and biochemical profile of neonatal seizures admitted in neonatal intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital
Authors: V. Mohanram , Russelian Arulraj , V. Palpandi
Published: June 2021

Background: Several factors contribute to seizures among neonates. To avoid complications from under recognition of clinical seizures and the adverse effects of medications administered, the diagnosis and management of neonatal seizures necessitate an interprofessional approach. Present study was done to study the clinical and biochemical profile of neonates with seizures admitted to a tertiary care hospital, Chennai.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted where all the neonates from birth to 28 days of life who got admitted in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of a tertiary care hospital-Shri Sathya Sai medical college and research institute were included in the study. Baseline characteristics of all the babies were noted on the prescribed proforma. Thorough physical examination was done and seizures were diagnosed by clinical observation. Clinical details of each seizure episode were recorded like age at onset of seizures, duration of seizure, number and type of seizure.Results: In the present study, 50 neonates satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. The main mode of delivery was normal vaginal delivery (50%) followed by LSCS (40%) and assisted delivery (10%). 54% were male and 46% were female and majority of babies were delivered at term i.e., 72% and 28% were pre term babies. The mean day of onset of seizures in the present study was 3.18±2.09. Based on day of onset of seizures, with in 24 hrs (28%), 24 hrs to 72 hrs (46%), 4th day to 1 week (22%), more than 1 week (4%). Based on type of seizure 64% had subtle type, 26% had tonic type and 10% had clonic type of seizures. In this study, 24% had hypoglycemia, and 10 (20%) had hypocalcemia, 14% in the present study had hyponatremia, and 2 (4%) had hypomagnesemia, 2 (4%) had hypernatremia, 6% had combination of hypocalcemia and hypoglycemia.Conclusions: Hypocalcemia, hypoglycemia, hyponatremia were the common biochemical abnormalities observed in our study. Subtle seizures were the common type of seizures observed among both pre term and term infants.
A literature review of the current major intraoral digital impression systems and their accuracy
Authors: Mezied Maha , Alnasser Norah , Owaid Reema Al , Bakhsh Rand , Alkhudhayr Lama , Almazyad Aseel
Published: June 2021

The accuracy of the intraoral digital impression systems has been previously reported to refer to the quality of the obtained data from the related scanning procedures, irrespective of the quality of the clinical outcomes and the estimated costs. Trueness and precision have been frequently found among studies in the literature as two terms describing the accuracy of the intraoral digital impression systems. Various digital impression modalities have been proposed among studies in the literature and were investigated for estimation of their accuracy. The paper aims to review and discuss the most common literature regarding the current common systems and their accuracy among the different studies in the literature. According to the results, Chairside Economical Restoration of Esthetic Ceramic (CEREC) systems appear to have the highest estimated rates of trueness and precision as compared to the other modalities while the iTero system appears to have the lowest estimated rates. However, some studies have reported contradicting results and the current evidence is mainly based on findings from in vitro investigations. Accordingly, further studies might be needed for further validation of the current evidence and strengthening the quality of the future potential implications for clinicians.
Prevalence, etiologies and complications of teeth hypomineralization in pediatrics
Authors: Amer Ameera Ibrahim , Alsaadi Rana Ali , Almajed Malak Abdullah , Alzhrani Rana Ahmad , Asiri Sara Abdullah , Binthabit Haifa Mohammed , Alazmi Awadh Owaidh , Alanazi Abdulelah Abdulrahman , Almutairi Ayman Saeed , Alharbi Abrar Zainalabiddin , Kufiyah Aseel Khalid
Published: June 2021

Dental hypomineralization represents a major problem in childhood health that can cause serious problems and may even affect the permanent dentition. In previous literature review, the term molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) has been frequently reported among different studies. However, the clinical problems and complications of the condition are not commonly described among studies in the literature, which adds a value to this current study. The present study was a literature review that aimed to discuss the problems of hypomineralization in baby teeth and the reported common problems according to recent studies in the literature. Tooth loss, anesthetic problems within the anterior teeth, hypersensitivity and the presence of underlying inflammation are potential complications that might affect these patients. Moreover, it was also previously reported that the subsurfaces of the affected enamels are usually porous and soft. On other hand, the surfaces of the intact enamels are usually hypermineralized, hard and smooth, owing to the subsequent post-eruptive maturation. Identification of the underlying etiology and risk factors is important for the proper management of these cases. A systemic origin of the disorder was strongly suggested while other environmental and genetic factors had been suggested. Moreover, establishing a proper diagnosis can be hard due to the presence of some similar disorders. Therefore, a differential diagnosis should be established as it is discussed in this literature.
Iatrogenic tooth discoloration by obturating materials: a literature review
Authors: Abulhamayel Abdulkader Abdulelah , Alhudaithi Mohammed K. , Alharbi Bayan H. , Busaeed Ammar R. , Alkhalaf Hassan E. , Abunayan Abdulmaleek S. , Alshahrani Mazen H. , Alkhathami Mohammed M. , Alazaiqi Mohammed A. , Alkahtani Fahdah M. , Alharthi Turki I.
Published: June 2021

Tooth discoloration might constitute a major problem for patients undergoing endodontic procedures, including obturation. Iatrogenic teeth discoloration might be a burden because it is time-consuming and hard to blench even if it were effective in removing the tooth stains in compared with traumatic tooth discoloration which is easy to deal with. Accordingly, clinicians must have a comprehensive understanding of the potential discoloration effects of the current sealers that are indicated for administration in many of the obturation procedures to enhance the prognosis and the relevant outcomes. In the present study, the aim to conduct a literature review about the potential iatrogenic discoloration effects of some endodontic sealers when conducting obturation procedures, based on the current evidence from the relevant studies. Among the reported agents to induce discoloration, calcium hydroxide, zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE), resin, glass ionomer, and silicon-based sealers have been reported to cause significant degrees of discoloration. Moreover, among the included studies AH-26 seems to be the least significant modality to include discoloration;however, discoloration could still be detected. With the recent technological advances, bioceramic sealers should be able to overcome this problem, especially for areas with the highest esthetic concerns. Accordingly, further investigations might be needed to enhance the quality of the current modalities and to obtain better outcomes.
ЛИЦЕНЗИРОВАНИЕ АЭС В СТРАНАХ-ЧЛЕНАХ ЕАЭС
Authors: ЛИЗИКОВА М.С.
Published: June 2021

In the article researched the experience of licensing of nuclear power plants of member states of the EAEU, both already having functioning nuclear power plants and planning its construction. It noted the different approaches of states to the licensing of the activity in this area, which can lead to increased time and unnecessary increase in the cost of construction of nuclear power plants. On the basis of the analysis it makes the conclusion on the necessity of harmonization of the process of licensing activity of nuclear power plants in member states of the EAEU, as well as it exprecces an opinion on the expediency of developing unified norms of licensing of activity in the field of usage of atomic energy withing the integration unification and reflection of its in the relevant international-legal act of the EAEU.
Attitudes Toward COVID-19 Lockdown As A Risk Predictor In Panama
Authors: Matus Ericka , Molino Jay , Matus Lorena
Published: June 2021

This document describes an investigation undertaken to examine attitudes towards lockdowns through COVID-19 as a psychosocial risk predictor in Panama. We conducted the study through a cross-sectional, prospective, and correlational approach. The study was constructed containing psychometric characteristics in the form of 36 Likert scale items to collect data. The instrument was sent to 233 participants via Google form between April 17 and April 30, 2020. The participants responded fully to the questionnaire. We analyzed the data by mean comparisons, correlation, and regression. There is a significant correlation between each of the studied factors and attitudes. The results indicate that women and people over the age of 51 have a positive attitude towards lockdown. Finally, from the predictive risk model in which 99.9% of the data fit., the affective factor represents 68%, the cognitive factor 22%, and the behavioral factor 10% of predictive importance for lockdown attitudes to COVID-19.
SolidaritÃ© Associative Et RÃ©silience Traumatique : Le Cas De lâ€™Association SÃ©nÃ©galaise Des Victimes De Mines (ASVM)
Authors: Sene IsmaÃ¯la
Published: June 2021

En Casamance, la multiplication des accidents de mines antipersonnel et antichars dans le contexte du conflit armÃ© a entrainÃ©, chez les victimes, un Ã©tat de vulnÃ©rabilitÃ© qui sâ€™est exprimÃ© Ã  travers un affect traumatique. Cette situation a favorisÃ© la mobilisation dâ€™une dynamique dâ€™assistance au centre de laquelle on trouve lâ€™Association SÃ©nÃ©galaise des Victimes de Mines (ASVM). Câ€™est donc le rÃ´le de cette organisation dans la rÃ©silience des victimes de mines que cet article se propose dâ€™analyser Ã  travers une mÃ©thodologie exclusivement qualitative. Ainsi, grÃ¢ce Ã  la conduite dâ€™entretiens rÃ©alisÃ©s avec vingt-sept (27) victimes de mines, deux responsables de lâ€™ASVM et trois responsables au niveau des structures impliquÃ©es dans lâ€™assistance aux victimes de mines, lâ€™Ã©tude dÃ©montre que le recours Ã  la solidaritÃ© associative a contribuÃ© Ã  lâ€™expression dâ€™un soutien par les pairs. Ce soutien sâ€™est avÃ©rÃ© dÃ©cisif dans la rÃ©silience des victimes de mines. Cet article qui se situe Ã  la croisÃ©e de la sociologie des organisations et de la psychologie sociale, renouvelle notamment la pensÃ©e sur les dynamiques de solidaritÃ© associative. Ce faisant, il sâ€™inscrit dans le champ thÃ©matique de la sociologie des organisations tout en contribuant Ã  diversifier la rÃ©flexion sur le handicap.
In Casamance, the multiplication of landmine and anti-tank accidents in the context of the armed conflict has led to a state of vulnerability among the victims, which has been expressed through traumatic affect. This situation has led to the mobilization of a dynamic of assistance at the center of which is the Senegalese association of landmine victims (ASVM). It is therefore the role of this organization in the resilience of landmine victims that this article proposes to analyze through an exclusively qualitative methodology. Through interviews with twenty seven (27) landmine victims, two ASVM leaders, and three leaders of structures involved in assisting landmine victims, the study demonstrates that the use of associative solidarity has contributed to the expression of peer support. This support has proven to be decisive in the resilience of landmine victims. This article, which is at the crossroads of organizational sociology and social psychology, renews thinking on the dynamics of associative solidarity. In doing so, it is part of the thematic field of organizational sociology while contributing to the diversification of thinking on disability.
Assessment Of The Effect Of Socio-Economic Infrasturcture On Rural Economy In Kaduna State, Nigeria
Authors: Saheed Zakaree  S. , Obianuju Chima K.
Published: June 2021

The paper examines the effect of socio-economic infrastructure of the rural areas on the rural economy in Kaduna State. The study adopts a correlation analysis, a Multicollinearity and Cronbach Alpha Reliability tests as well as regression analysis on primary data. Findings from the study reveal that there is a positive relationship between socioeconomic infrastructure and rural economy, while the multicollinearity test shows absence of high correlation among the independent variables and the Cronbach Alpha confirms internal consistency of the variables. Furthermore, the regression analysis indicates that socio-economic infrastructure, particularly road, electricity supply, market and telecommunication infrastructure all have positive and statistically significant effects on the rural economy. The paper therefore, recommends that governments should increase efforts towards developing the infrastructure in the rural areas in order to facilitate the growth of the economy in the rural sectors.
Developing Sports for Economic Growth and Development in Developing Countries
Authors: Acquah-Sam Emmanuel
Published: June 2021

Many developing countries still struggle to industrialise to speed up the pace of economic growth and development. Given this, they continue to search for antidotes to the challenges of their underdevelopment. Sports development is touted by many as one of the antidotes to the underdevelopment challenges of developing countries. However, the major challenges developing countries face in recent times are how they can develop sports and how they can adequately harness its benefits for economic growth and development. This paper sought to holistically explore the challenges of sports development in developing nations, the long-term complementary strategies or cardinal pillars of sports development in developing nations, and the benefits of sports development and their effects on economic growth and development of developing nations. This paper employed a narrative overview research approach to arriving at its conclusions. It concludes that sports development hinges on the holistic development of ten long-run complementary strategies or cardinal pillars. In addition, sports development offers eight significant benefits that can help achieve economic growth and development in developing nations. One of the study's main recommendations is that sufficient and sustained levels of all kinds of investment in sports, coupled with strong institutions, good governance, and practical and interrelated policies, are critical for sports development and economic growth and development in developing countries.
Risk Assessment Providing Solid Grounds For Strategic Management In The Insurance Industry
Authors: Drakulevski Ljubomir , Kaftandzieva Tamara
Published: June 2021

The insurance industry is undergoing more turbulence than any other industry since nowadays it is faced with a variety of strategic risksâ€“emerging threats and challenges: change in regulation, customer behavior, distribution channels, competition, and new innovative technologies. The aim of this study is to propose strategic management directions towards risk assessment in the insurance companies, which could implicate the overall performance of many engaged in this sector. Given the growing importance of the insurance companies, profitability is considered as one of the key performance metrics which is under major influence of internal factors. This type of analysis is an important tool in determining the quick and decisive response of the managers to important new challenges and opportunities, especially in absence of a risk management regulatory framework. For this purpose, the data of 11 non â€“ life insurance companies operating in North Macedonia from the period 2012 â€“ 2019 is examined. The estimated model with random effects on panel data suggests a negative and significant influence of the loss ratio, the expense ratio, the retention rate, and the premium to surplus ratio on the profitability of non â€“ life insurers, as measured by the return on assets (ROA), whereas the size has a positive impact on the profitability. The influence of remaining variables on the profitability was not found to be statistically significant. The obtained results were alighed in recommendations which can be used to potential future improvement and viable business strategies considering the specific and vulnerable Macedonian insurance context.
Albania: Motivation Factors Among 15-Year-Old Students, Especially Disadvantaged Ones
Authors: Sula Gentiana
Published: June 2021

The importance of the study lies in the analysis of youth productivity and employment. From the data so far it is underlined that the potential of Albanian youth will be realized only for 56% if no measures are taken. Referring to the literature review, there is a division of scholars' attention towards vocational education and employment or secondary and higher education, without emphasizing the potential of basic education in guiding the student towards clarity. In other words, they do not stimulate students' motivation towards a certain profile. The article is based on mainly secondary data analysis. The pourpose of this article seeks to verify some motivation factors among 15-year-old students, especially disadvantaged ones, for instance the attitude toward learning, access to books, and the reach of career guidance services in basic education schools in Albania. Some conclusions from the data analysis show that in the circumstances of youth unemployment, the motivation to perform better among 15-year-old students may be more related to seeing success and being more productive at work. Albanian students show little vision of their future careers, especially the most disadvantaged. Factors that can influence the growth of students' career goals can be: their attitude towards books and reading, school choice and access to career guidance services in schools in Albania.
The Open Secret Of Male Prostitution In The Philippines: A Descriptive Phenomenological Study
Authors: Sanchez Soren R.
Published: June 2021

This study attempts to describe the lived experiences of the male teenager and adult sex workers of Cebu City, Philippines in terms of their attitude and behavior, reasons for indulging in prostitution, clientele, challenges, and coping mechanisms. A descriptive phenomenological design with personal interviews and a naturalistic paradigm were used to gather data from the purposely chosen participants. Triangulation was carried to validate the participantsâ€™ responses. Results show that male teenagers and adult sex workers tend to be covert of their work, neglectful of othersâ€™ judgment about prostitution, and view prostitution as any other job. Poverty, lack of parental guidance and support, early exposure to pornography, peer pressure, unemployment due to poor educational attainment were their reasons for indulging in prostitution. They catered to random bisexual and transgender clients. They encountered various problems such as awkwardness with their partner, financial instability, public distress, and fear of HIV transmission. Getting motivation from the money as payment, sustaining their own and familyâ€˜s needs were their means of coping up. Resorting into prostitution is a story to tell. Male teenagers and adult sex workers experienced poverty as their common denominator of indulging in prostitution. Though they are condemned by society for entering prostitution they intend to provide and suffice their needs. Prostitution, therefore, is a means to survive amidst living in poverty.
Ã‰tude comparative des peuplements ichtyologiques de lâ€™Aire Marine ProtÃ©gÃ©e de Joal-Fadiouth et des pÃªcheries des zones du pourtour non protÃ©gÃ©es Ã lâ€™exploitation halieutique
Authors: Sarr Serigne Modou , Ndiaye Mamadou , Thiam Alassane , Mane Fokina
Published: June 2021

L'effondrement des stocks de poisson est dÃ» Ã  la surexploitation des peuplements ichtyologiques consÃ©cutifs aux mauvaises pratiques de pÃªche au SÃ©nÃ©gal. Cette situation a amenÃ© les Ã©cologistes marins et les gestionnaires de l'environnement Ã  rÃ©Ã©valuer les mÃ©thodes traditionnelles de gestion des ressources halieutiques. Pour connaitre la dynamique des peuplements ichtyologiques, nous avons menÃ© une Ã©tude comparative des peuplements ichtyologiques de lâ€™Aire Marine ProtÃ©gÃ©e de Jaol-Fadiouth et des pÃªcheries des zones non protÃ©gÃ©es Ã  lâ€™exploitation halieutique durant la saison froide 2015. Ainsi, lâ€™exploitation des donnÃ©es de pÃªches expÃ©rimentales rÃ©alisÃ©es au niveau de 16 stations dans les deux zones a permis de faire lâ€™Ã©tude. Lâ€™analyse des paramÃ¨tres environnementaux relevÃ©s sur chaque station montre que la zone de lâ€™aire marine protÃ©gÃ©e est similaire Ã  celle des zones non protÃ©gÃ©es Ã  lâ€™exploitation halieutique. Par consÃ©quent, les Ã©ventuelles diffÃ©rences de peuplement ne s'expliquent pas par la variabilitÃ© des paramÃ¨tres physicochimiques. Lâ€™analyse de paramÃ¨tres physico-chimiques, des indicateurs de biodiversitÃ© Ã  savoir : la richesse spÃ©cifique, les indices de diversitÃ© de Shannon-Weaver et dâ€™Ã©quitabilitÃ© Pielou ont permis de dÃ©terminer les caractÃ©ristiques environnementales, la composition et la nature des peuplements, d'Ã©valuer l'impact des mesures de gestion des diffÃ©rentes zones.
 
The collapse of fish stocks is due to the overexploitation of fish populations as a result of poor fishing practices in Senegal. This situation has led marine ecologists and environmental managers to re-evaluate traditional methods of managing fishery resources. In order to know the dynamics of the ichthyological populations, we conducted a comparative study of the ichthyological populations of the Jaol-Fadiouth Marine Protected Area and the fisheries of the areas not protected from fishing during the 2015 cold season. Thus, the exploitation of data from experimental fisheries carried out at 16 stations in the two areas allowed the study to be carried out. The analysis of the environmental parameters recorded at each station shows that the area of the marine protected area is similar to that of the areas not protected from fisheries exploitation. Therefore, any differences in population size cannot be explained by the variability of physico-chemical parameters. The analysis of physico-chemical parameters, biodiversity indicators such as species richness, the Shannon-Weaver diversity index and the Pielou equitability index allowed us to determine the environmental characteristics, the composition and the nature of the populations, and to evaluate the impact of the management measures of the different areas.
Interrelationships Between the Posterior Pharyngeal Space and the Dento-Maxillary Anomalies
Authors: Radu Mihailescu , Cosmin Serbanoiu Dan , Hilda Kallos Henrietta , Rares Mocan
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Nocturnal breathing problems have become more common and cause problems during the day for both those affected by this condition and those around them. These problems are caused in most cases by a decrease in the size of the pharyngeal posterior space, which is associated with various abnormalities of the facial skeleton, and the positioning of the tongue. Purpose: The present study has the purpose to determine the existence of a correlation between different facial skeletal abnormalities and the size of the pharyngeal posterior space. Materials and methods: In the present study we performed the analysis of 131 teleradiographs from the database of the department of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics within UMFST â€œTÃ¢rgu MureÈ™â€ performed on patients in order to perform an orthodontic treatment. Patients range in age from 10 to 21 years. Results: To observe the existence of a link between the median differences in values in the lower pharyngeal space between class I and class II, we used the Mann-Whitney U test to compare median values. Thus, the median value in class I is 0, while the median value in class II is 0.3. It was concluded that this difference is statistically significant (p = 0.02). Conclusion: Patients with skeletal class II have smaller dimensions of the lower pharyngeal space than patients with class I and class III. Patients with skeletal class II have an increased risk compared to those with class I or class III of developing obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome during their lifetime.
Etude Comparative des Techniques Chirurgicales dans la Chirurgie de la Cataracte au Niger
Authors: Abba Kaka H.Y. , Diori N.A. , Roufaye L.
Published: June 2021

Objectif: Le but de cette Ã©tude est de comparer les techniques chirurgicales dans la chirurgie de la cataracte au Niger. Patients et mÃ©thode: Il sâ€™agissait dâ€™une Ã©tude retrospective sur 12 mois du 1er Janvier au 31 DÃ©cembre 2012 portant sur les patients opÃ©rÃ©s de cataracte pendant les camps de chirurgie foraine dans les 8 regions du Niger. RÃ©sultats: Au total 1727 yeux cataractÃ©s ont Ã©tÃ© opÃ©rÃ©s dont 908 (52.58%) par phaco-alternative et 819 (47.42%) par lâ€™extraction extra capsulaire. A J30 post opÃ©ratoire la Phacoalternative a donnÃ© 29% de moyennes et bonnes acuitÃ©s visuelles comparÃ© Ã  27% pour lâ€™extra-capsulaire. Les implants standards de 22 dioptries Ã©taient les plus utilisÃ©s avec 26.21%. Les implants de puissance entre 21 et 22 dioptries Ã©taient responsables des meilleures acuitÃ©s visuelles Ã  J60. Conclusion: La Phaco-alternative comparÃ©e Ã  lâ€™extraction extra-capsulaire donnait de meilleurs rÃ©sultats post-opÃ©ratoires dans la chirurgie de la cataracte au Niger.
 
Aim: This paper focuses on comparing the surgical technics in cataract surgery in Niger. Patients and Method: It was a retrospective study which consisted of about 1,727 operated eyes of cataract during advance cataract surgical camps in the 8 regions of Niger. This happened over a period of 12 months from 1st January to 31st December of the year 2012. RÃ©sultats: A total of 1,727 cataract eyes were operated on during the study period. 908 patients (52.58%) were operated by phaco-alternative and 819 (47.42%) patients were operated by extra capsular extraction. On D30 postoperatively, phaco A gave 29% of good results compared to 27% for the extra-capsular. Standard 22 diopter implants were the most used in 26.21% of cases. Power of implants between 21 and 22 diopters were responsible for the best visual acuity at D60. Conclusion: Phaco-alternative technic compared to extra capsular gave better postoperative results in cataract surgery in Niger.
Effect of an Aqueous Extract of Alchornea Cordifolia (Euphorbiacea) Leaves on Sperm Parameters and Reproductive Function of Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Allassane Kone , Goueh Gnahoue , Daouda Diabate , Koffi Kouakou
Published: June 2021

Alchornea cordifolia (euphorbiaceae) is a tree whose leaves are used in traditional medicine to cure several health problems. Little information, however, exist on the effects of this herb on the male reproductive system. In order to assess the effect of Alchornea cordifolia on reproductive male parameters and testosterone production, twenty-four male wistar rats divided into four groups of six rats were used. The aqualus extract of Alchornea cordifolia was administered at a dose of 100 mg/kg of bw, 200 mg/kg of bw, and 400 mg/kg of bw per day, orally for 60 days. A significant increase in androgen-dependent organs, testosterone quantity, mobility, and sperm concentration was observed at doses of 200 mg/kg of bw and 400 mg/kg of bw. Only the unwinger sperm count significantly increased at the 100 mg/kg of bw dose. These results revealed that the aqualius extract of the leaves of Alchornea cordifolia has the potential to improve sperm quality and have positive effects on the reproductive system.