bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social Preferences for Small-Scale Solar Photovoltaic Power Plants in South Korea: A Choice Experiment Study
Authors: Lee Hye-Jeong , Huh Sung-Yoon , Yoo Seung-Hoon
Published: October 2018

To reduce greenhouse gas emissions, the South Korean government plans to expand the installation of small-scale solar photovoltaic (SPV) power plants, which do not occupy large spaces and have a smaller environmental impact than large-scale SPV power plants. This article applies a choice experiment to evaluate quantitatively the value given by people to the attributes of the installation of small-scale SPV power plants. To reflect the preference heterogeneity of South Korean people, a Bayesian estimation of a mixed-logit model is successfully performed. According to the results, South Korean people consider the electricity bill, the operating body, and the installation location as being more important than other attributes. The respondents prefer small-scale SPV power plants that are located in residential areas, have a large scale of installation, are operated by a private corporation and produce electricity for self-consumption. For these attributes, the South Korean people are willing to pay an additional electricity bill of South Korean won (KRW) 4286/month, KRW 3712/kW, KRW 2885/month and KRW 3731/month, respectively. The results provide meaningful implications regarding the aspects of installation on which the government should focus. In addition, the results can be utilized in policy making and decision making related to the installation of small-scale SPV power plants.
Does Corporate Social Responsibility Mediate the Relation between Boardroom Gender Diversity and Firm Performance of Chinese Listed Companies?
Authors: Sial Muhammad Safdar , Zheng Chunmei , Cherian Jacob , Gulzar M.A. , Thu Phung Anh , Khan Tehmina , Khuong Nguyen Vinh
Published: October 2018

Although the relationship between board gender diversity and a firm’s financial performance has been investigated before, the current study provides a valuable contribution by exploring the complex phenomenon of the mediating impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance on a firm’s financial performance. The current study aims to explore whether corporate social responsibility (represented by the proxy variable of CSR reporting) mediates the relationship between boardroom gender diversity and firm performance. We use the pooled ordinary least square (OLS) regression to examine the above relationship by using data from 2008 to 2015. To control the likelihood of endogeneity we also use one-year lagged and two-stage least square (2SLS) regression models. Our results show that boardroom gender diversity is significant, positively correlated with firm performance, and CSR fully mediates the relationship between boardroom gender diversity and firm performance. In addition, four control variables (independent director, Chief executive officer (CEO power), board member meeting frequency, Big4, and leverage) have some influence on firm performance. These findings hold for a set of robustness tests. Our findings have the implication for the investors and regulators. For investors, our results show that the existence of female directors on the board can improve the firm performance. For regulators, our results advise the worldwide policy maker to give the importance to boardroom gender diversity. The paper contributes to the existing studies, by pioneering the investigations of the mediating role of CSR in the relation between boardroom gender diversity and firm performance in Chinese context.
Forecasting Energy-Related Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Thailand’s Construction Sector by Enriching the LS-ARIMAXi-ECM Model
Authors: Sutthichaimethee Jindamas , Kubaha Kuskana
Published: October 2018

The Thailand Development Policy focuses on the simultaneous growth of the economy, society, and environment. Long-term goals have been set to improve economic and social well-being. At the same time, these aim to reduce the emission of CO2 in the future, especially in the construction sector, which is deemed important in terms of national development and is a high generator of greenhouse gas. In order to achieve national sustainable development, policy formulation and planning is becoming necessary and requires a tool to undertake such a formulation. The tool is none other than the forecasting of CO2 emissions in long-term energy consumption to produce a complete and accurate formulation. This research aims to study and forecast energy-related carbon dioxide emissions in Thailand’s construction sector by applying a model incorporating the long- and short-term auto-regressive (AR), integrated (I), moving average (MA) with exogenous variables (Xi) and the error correction mechanism (LS-ARIMAXi-ECM) model. This model is established and attempts to fill the gaps left by the old models. In fact, the model is constructed based on factors that are causal and influential for changes in CO2 emissions. Both independent variables and dependent variables must be stationary at the same level. In addition, the LS-ARIMAXi-ECM model deploys a co-integration analysis and error correction mechanism (ECM) in its modeling. The study’s findings reveal that the LS-ARIMAXi ( 2 , 1 , 1 , X t − 1 ) -ECM model is a forecasting model with an appropriate time period (t − i), as justified by the Q-test statistic and is not a spurious model. Therefore, it is used to forecast CO2 emissions for the next 20 years (2019 to 2038). From the study, the results show that CO2 emissions in the construction sector will increase by 37.88% or 61.09 Mt CO2 Eq. in 2038. Also, the LS-ARIMAXi ( 2 , 1 , 1 , X t − 1 ) -ECM model has been evaluated regarding its performance, and it produces a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 1.01% and root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.93% as compared to the old models. Overall, the results indicate that determining future national sustainable development policies requires an appropriate forecasting model, which is built upon causal and contextual factors according to relevant sectors, to serve as an important tool for future sustainable planning.
Basic Study of Ventilation Using Semi-Transparent Organic Photovoltaic Sheets for Solar Chimney Systems
Authors: Hidaka Kishio , Miyazawa Akari , Hu Hong , Mitsuji Kazuya , Nagai Yasuo , Yoshimoto Naoki , Suenaga Yuko
Published: October 2018

An energy-efficient building ventilation system is presented that integrates semi-transparent organic photovoltaic (OPV) technology and solar chimney technology. It achieved a wind velocity of 0.25 m/s and electric power generation of about 1.03 W at an artificial light intensity of 320 W/m2, which corresponds to cloudy weather. These results support the basic study of systems combining ventilation and power generation. The integration of solar chimney ventilation with OPV power generation could be a promising system for energy savings in the future. The proposed integration could contribute to the generation of sustainable and renewable energy.
Recombinant GII.P16/GII.4 Sydney 2012 Was the Dominant Norovirus Identified in Australia and New Zealand in 2017
Authors: Lun Jennifer H. , Hewitt Joanne , Yan Grace J. H. , Enosi Tuipulotu Daniel , Rawlinson William D. , White Peter A.
Published: October 2018

For the past two decades, norovirus pandemic variants have emerged every 3–5 years, and dominate until they are replaced by alternate strains. However, this scenario changed in 2016 with the co-circulation of six prevalent viruses, three of which possessed the pandemic GII.4 Sydney 2012 capsid. An increased number of institutional gastroenteritis outbreaks were reported within the Oceania region in mid-2017. This study identified emerging noroviruses circulating in Australia and New Zealand in 2017 to assess the changing dynamics of the virus infection. RT-PCR-based methods, next generation sequencing, and phylogenetic analyses were used to genotype noroviruses from both clinical and wastewater samples. Antigenic changes were observed between the capsid of pandemic Sydney 2012 variant and the two new Sydney recombinant viruses. The combination of these antigenic changes and the acquisition of a new ORF1 through recombination could both facilitate their ongoing persistence in the population. Overall, an increased prevalence of GII.P16/GII.4 Sydney 2012 viruses was observed in 2017, replacing the GII.P16/GII.2 recombinant that dominated in the region at the end of 2016. This shift in strain dominance was also observed in wastewater samples, demonstrating the reliability of wastewater as a molecular surveillance tool.
Predicting Taste and Odor Compounds in a Shallow Reservoir Using a Three–Dimensional Hydrodynamic Ecological Model
Authors: Chong Suna , Lee Heesuk , An Kwang-Guk
Published: October 2018

The objective of this study was to establish a technique to predict the occurrence of algal bloom and the algal-derived taste and odor compounds 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) and geosmin using a three-dimensional (3D) model that could reflect the complex physical properties of a shallow reservoir. Water quality, phytoplankton, and taste and odor compounds monitoring was conducted at the Jinyang Reservoir in 2016. In June, there was a potential for a high concentration of 2-MIB (maximum 80 ng/L) to occur owing to the appearance of Pseudanabaena sp.; additionally, from July to August, there was potential for a high concentration of geosmin (maximum 108 ng/L) to occur, because of the presence of Anabaena sp. A 3D hydrodynamic model was coupled with an ecological model to predict cyanobacteria bloom and the presence of taste and odor compounds. Cyanobacteria producing either 2-MIB or geosmin were distinguished to enhance the accuracy of the modeled predictions. The results showed that the simulations of taste and odor compounds spatial distribution and occurrence time were realistic; however, the concentration of geosmin was overestimated when Microcystis sp. was blooming. The model can be used as a management tool to predict the occurrence of algal taste and odor compounds in reservoir systems and to inform decision-making processes concerning dam operation and water treatment.
Improved Soil Temperature Modeling Using Spatially Explicit Solar Energy Drivers
Authors: Halama Jonathan J. , Barnhart Bradley L. , Kennedy Robert E. , McKane Robert B. , Graham James J. , Pettus Paul P. , Brookes Allen F. , Djang Kevin S. , Waschmann Ronald S.
Published: October 2018

Modeling the spatial and temporal dynamics of soil temperature is deterministically complex due to the wide variability of several influential environmental variables, including soil column composition, soil moisture, air temperature, and solar energy. Landscape incident solar radiation is a significant environmental driver that affects both air temperature and ground-level soil energy loading; therefore, inclusion of solar energy is important for generating accurate representations of soil temperature. We used the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Oregon Crest-to-Coast (O’CCMoN) Environmental Monitoring Transect dataset to develop and test the inclusion of ground-level solar energy driver data within an existing soil temperature model currently utilized within an ecohydrology model called Visualizing Ecosystem Land Management Assessments (VELMA). The O’CCMoN site data elucidate how localized ground-level solar energy between open and forested landscapes greatly influence the resulting soil temperature. We demonstrate how the inclusion of local ground-level solar energy significantly improves the ability to deterministically model soil temperature at two depths. These results suggest that landscape and watershed-scale models should incorporate spatially distributed solar energy to improve spatial and temporal simulations of soil temperature.
Failure and Collapse of Ancient Agricultural Stone Terraces: On-Site Effects on Soil and Vegetation
Authors: Stavi Ilan , Rozenberg Tamir , Al-Ashhab Ashraf , Argaman Eli , Groner Elli
Published: October 2018

Ancient agricultural stone terraces, dated to the Roman and Byzantine ages, are prevalent across the Negev drylands of Southern Israel. The goal of these structures was to reduce hydrological connectivity by harvesting water runoff and controlling soil erosion, thus allowing cultivation of cereals. Land abandonment and the lack of maintenance have led to the failure and collapse of many of these stone terraces. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of failure and collapse of terraces on the on-site (on-field) geo-ecosystem functioning, as determined by vegetation cover and soil quality parameters. This was achieved by studying vegetal and soil properties in shrubby vegetation patches and inter-shrub spaces of intact-terrace plots and collapsed-terrace plots, as well as in the surrounding ‘natural’ lands. Mean cover of both shrubby and herbaceous vegetation was highest in intact terraces, intermediate in ‘natural’ lands, and lowest in collapsed terraces. The overall soil quality followed the same trend as the vegetation cover. Additionally, this study shows that the anthropogenic impact on geo-ecosystem functioning can be either beneficial or detrimental. While well maintained stone terraces benefit the soil and vegetation, abandoned and unmaintained terraces may result in accelerated soil erosion and land degradation.
Utilization of Non-Living Microalgae Biomass from Two Different Strains for the Adsorptive Removal of Diclofenac from Water
Authors: Coimbra Ricardo N. , Escapa Carla , Vázquez Nadyr C. , Noriega-Hevia Guillermo , Otero Marta
Published: October 2018

In the present work, the adsorptive removal of diclofenac from water by biosorption onto non-living microalgae biomass was assessed. Kinetic and equilibrium experiments were carried out using biomass of two different microalgae strains, namely Synechocystis sp. and Scenedesmus sp. Also, for comparison purposes, a commercial activated carbon was used under identical experimental conditions. The kinetics of the diclofenac adsorption fitted the pseudo-second order equation, and the corresponding kinetic constants indicating that adsorption was faster onto microalgae biomass than onto the activated carbon. Regarding the equilibrium results, which mostly fitted the Langmuir isotherm model, these pointed to significant differences between the adsorbent materials. The Langmuir maximum capacity (Qmax) of the activated carbon (232 mg∙g−1) was higher than that of Scenedesmus sp. (28 mg∙g−1) and of Synechocystis sp. (20 mg∙g−1). In any case, the Qmax values determined here were within the values published in the recent scientific literature on the utilization of different adsorbents for the removal of diclofenac from water. Still, Synechocystis sp. showed the largest KL fitted values, which points to the affinity of this strain for diclofenac at relative low equilibrium concentrations in solution. Overall, the results obtained point to the possible utilization of microalgae biomass waste in the treatment of water, namely for the adsorption of pharmaceuticals.
Le fond de cabane dans l'habitat rural Ouest-Européen : État des questions
Authors: Chapelot Jean
Published: October 2018

Les fonds de cabane sont des structures bâties simples que l'on trouve en nombre plus ou moins grand dans les habitats ruraux du haut Moyen Age. Leur étude suppose un développement de l'archéologie des sites ruraux du haut Moyen Age, ce qui n'est pas le cas dans tous les pays d'Europe occidentale, et des méthodes de fouille rigoureuses, notamment des décapages fins de grande surface.

Quand ces conditions sont réunies, on s'aperçoit que les fonds de cabane sont avant tout des constructions associées à des maisons construites au niveau du sol. Leur fonction est alors soit celle d' annexes, utilisées pour diverses activités domestiques, comme le filage ou le tissage, ou artisanales, soit celle d'habitation des populations d'esclaves ou serviles. La situation est très différente dans les pays slaves où le fond de cabane est la structure d'habitat exclusive pendant tout le premier millénaire.

L'exemple de quelques sites continentaux ou anglais du tout début de la période des Migrations permet d'ajouter que parfois des habitats entièrement ou quasiment entièrement constitués de fonds de cabane ont été bâtis par ces populations lors de leur déplacement vers l'ouest.

L'extrême irrégularité de notre documentation, notamment dans la moitié sud de l'Europe, restreint notre connaissance mais nous pouvons dire que le fond de cabane, connu dès avant notre ère en Europe occidentale, utilisé pendant tout le premier millénaire, est surtout courant pendant les IVe-VIe siècles, puis sort progressivement d'emploi dans l'habitat rural. On en connaît cependant quelques utilisations du XIe siècle à nos jours.

L'interprétation de l'emploi du fond de cabane et de sa fonction ne peut recevoir une seule réponse pour toutes ces périodes et pour tous les secteurs d'utilisation. Il est indispensable d'envisager son étude à l'intérieur d'une analyse d'ensemble de l'habitat rural médiéval et en liaison avec les autres structures bâties mises au jour dans des fouilles de grande surface.
Satisfaction With Work-Life Balance: Couples with Egalitarian Practices in their Transition to First-Time Parenthood in Spain
Authors: González María José , Lapuerta Irene , Martín-García Teresa , Seiz Marta
Published: October 2018

Cette étude analyse la satisfaction subjective des couples à double revenu quant à l’équilibre vie professionnelle-vie privée après la naissance de leur premier enfant. Nous avons effectué une analyse longitudinale qualitative sur 31 couples espagnols qui se répartissaient de manière égalitaire les tâches domestiques avant la naissance de l’enfant. Les couples participants ont été interrogés pendant la grossesse et environ 18 mois après la naissance. Nous avons étudié les sentiments individuels subjectifs de satisfaction quant à la répartition des tâches de soin à l’enfant. L’étude révèle que la moitié des couples a évolué vers une répartition traditionnelle des tâches, mais que cela n’a pas nécessairement entraîné d’insatisfaction concernant l’équilibre vie professionnelle-vie privée. La satisfaction d’équilibre vie professionnelle-vie privée dépend plus des attentes initiales que des arrangements spécifiques conclus au sein du couple.
Entre répression et prévention, retour sur l’antiterrorisme en France
Authors: Fragnon Julien , Roudier Karine
Published: October 2018

Si l’état d’urgence marque par sa durée une rupture dans le dispositif antiterroriste français, notre article démontre qu’il s’inscrit dans une histoire longue de l’antiterrorisme initiant assez tôt une inclination préventive. Ce dernier est marqué par la volonté du législateur de réprimer plus sévèrement le terrorisme par un dispositif dérogatoire au droit commun. Ce régime pénal spécifique et incrémental permettait aussi à l’Etat de lutter efficacement contre le terrorisme sans user de dispositifs d’exception grâce à la place centrale du juge judiciaire. Mais la campagne d’attentats débutée en 2015 favorisa l’organisation de la lutte dans une logique d’anticipation. Cette stratégie prit la forme de mesures de police administrative qui, de fait, sont soustraites au contrôle du juge judiciaire. Malgré un degré de perfectionnement élevé du dispositif et une érosion continue du rapport sécurité/liberté en démocratie, le système ne semble cependant jamais assez adapté pour rassurer la population et se voit renforcé régulièrement après chaque attentat.
La pratique religieuse personnelle du musulman face au principe français de laïcité. Regard du juriste
Authors: Camous David-André
Published: October 2018

À travers l’exemple de l’interdit alimentaire et de l’accessoire vestimentaire, nous verrons comment la pratique religieuse personnelle du musulman dans l’espace public (de la cantine scolaire à la plage en passant par l’hôpital) peut se heurter plus ou moins frontalement au principe de laïcité et quelle réponse le juge administratif apporte.
Aux limites de la diversité, la religion : un angle mort des politiques de lutte contre les discriminations
Authors: Doytcheva Milena
Published: October 2018

Alors que les convictions religieuses font partie des libertés fondamentales et qu’elles sont un éléments intégrant du dispositif juridique antidiscriminatoire depuis l’article 13 du Traité d’Amsterdam de 1997 et la première loi française qui transpose les mesures législatives européennes en 2001 1 , la « diversité religieuse » n’est pas visée par l’entreprise et n’y est pas non plus tout à fait admise, ou à condition d’être rendue invisible. C’est une lecture extensive des principes de la laïcité et de la loi de 2004 sur les signes religieux à l’école qui justifient cette posture 2 . Or, tout comme la législation sur l’école qui se veut en théorie générique, ces interdictions visent majoritairement dans les faits une population seule et unique, de confession musulmane.
Islam-République-Armée : une poursuite de la laïcité par d’autres moyens ?
Authors: Frécon Eric
Published: October 2018

L’armée française doit tenir compte de la présence de musulmans dans ses rangs. Etant donné le nombre croissant des opérations extérieures en général et les exigences du milieu maritime en particulier, se pose la question de l’islam au sein de la Marine nationale et la façon de le vivre au quotidien, avec les outils de la laïcité et dans le cadre du projet républicain. Or, dans la lignée de la loi de 1905 et après une prise de conscience dans les années 1990, tout est mis en œuvre pour veiller à la « liberté » de pratique (piliers de l’islam et nourriture halal), à l’« égalité » de traitement (mise en place des aumôniers musulmans en 2005) et à la « fraternité » face au combat, que l’ennemi soit musulman ou pas. Reste à savoir si les autorités n’en font pas trop, quitte à laisser la porte ouverte aux excès. A moins qu’il ne s’agisse que d’efforts de façade ? Il n’empêche, jusqu’à présent, un pragmatisme éclairé permet aux musulmans et non-musulmans de vivre en bonne intelligence.
Enfant « corps étranger » placé en famille d’accueil et « processus de greffe » : vers un modèle de compréhension des problématiques de rupture de lien
Authors: Bernard Alexandra , Sanahuja Maria de la Almudena
Published: October 2018

Alors qu’un nombre important de situations relevant d’une souffrance psychique du lien est régulièrement rapporté par les professionnels de la protection de l’enfance, peu d’études se sont penchées sur le processus psychique inconscient nécessairement à l’œuvre pour permettre l’accueil et l’intégration, même provisoire, dans une famille d’un enfant qui initialement n’en fait pas partie. Les auteurs de cet article cherchent à étudier la dynamique de fonctionnement psychique sous-jacent à l’accueil de l’enfant, en appui sur les conceptualisations théoriques psychanalytiques groupales et psychanalytiques familiales. Les propositions de lecture offrent un modèle de compréhension des ruptures de liens rencontrées dans les problématiques du placement familial.
Le tribunal de l’amirauté et les usages du métier. Une histoire « par en bas » du monde de la pêche (Dieppe, xviii e siècle)
Authors: Grancher Romain
Published: October 2018

Cet article étudie l’univers normatif des acteurs d’un monde de la pêche d’Ancien Régime à partir du cas de Dieppe au XVIII e  siècle. La première partie présente le fonctionnement du tribunal local de l’amirauté, qui exerçait sous l’Ancien Régime une compétence exclusive sur les choses de la mer et connaissait par conséquent des litiges entre armateurs, maîtres de bateau et matelots pêcheurs. Alors que l’historiographie maritime s’est longtemps focalisée sur les fonctions de contrôle et de surveillance dévolues à cette juridiction, les archives de la pratique judiciaire révèlent un tableau plus contrasté. Dans une proportion écrasante, les affaires portées devant les officiers de l’amirauté se résument à de petits conflits résultant d’accidents de pêche, de contrats rompus ou encore de salaires non versés, relevant autrement dit d’une procédure civile. Toutefois, un examen attentif de cette poussière de litiges permet de mettre en évidence les usages sociaux de la justice faits par les plaideurs. Loin d’être simplement un instrument de contrôle du rivage et de ses populations, le tribunal de l’amirauté remplit des fonctions qui débordent largement le terrain de la seule résolution des conflits du travail pour investir ceux de la certification des contrats ou de l’expertise des dommages. La dernière partie part du problème de la pluralité des systèmes normatifs en vigueur dans les mondes de la pêche d’Ancien Régime et montre comment il est possible de considérer le tribunal d’amirauté comme l’instance de production d’un droit local « venu d’en bas ».
The Role of WNT Signaling in Mature T Cells: T Cell Factor Is Coming Home
Authors: van Loosdregt Jorg , Coffer Paul J.
Published: October 2018

T cell factor, the effector transcription factor of the WNT signaling pathway, was so named because of the primary observation that it is indispensable for T cell development in the thymus. Since this discovery, the role of this signaling pathway has been extensively studied in T cell development, hematopoiesis, and stem cells; however, its functional role in mature T cells has remained relatively underinvestigated. Over the last few years, various studies have demonstrated that T cell factor can directly influence T cell function and the differentiation of Th1, Th2, Th17, regulatory T cell, follicular helper CD4+ T cell subsets, and CD8+ memory T cells. In this paper, we discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying these observations and place them in the general context of immune responses. Furthermore, we explore the implications and limitations of these findings for WNT manipulation as a therapeutic approach for treating immune-related diseases.
Deferiprone as Adjunctive Treatment for Patients with Invasive Mucormycosis: A Retrospective Case Series
Authors: Chitasombat Maria N. , Niparuck Pimjai
Published: October 2018

Mucormycosis is a life-threatening disease requiring multimodal treatment with antifungals and surgery. The mortality rate remains high, prompting consideration of alternative treatment strategies. Deferiprone has in vitro activity against Mucorales, but its efficacy has never been evaluated in humans. Here, we retrospectively analyzed patients with confirmed mucormycosis who received deferiprone from 2011 to 2017. Five patients had hematologic malignancies and one was diabetic. The sites of infection included sinus-orbit-cerebral (67%), lung (17%), and disseminated infection (17%). Surgery was performed in 83% of cases and achieved local control for 33% of patients. A combination regimen of polyenes plus echinocandins was administered with stepdown treatment using posaconazole. The median duration of antifungal treatment was 86 days (range: 46-435 days) days. Deferiprone was given as adjunctive treatment with a median dose and duration of 100 mg/kd/day (range: 86.2-100 mg/kg/day) and 25 days (range: 15-215 days), respectively. Overall, deferiprone was well-tolerated. Successful outcomes were observed at 12-week follow-up for 67% of patients. The mortality rate at 180- day follow-up was 50%. Adjunctive therapy with deferiprone showed safety and tolerability.
PERSPECTIVES IN THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTIONS
Authors: Denaro Maurizio , Landi Fabrizio
Published: October 2018

In a very large study performed in USA early diagnosis has been demonstrated to be a key factor in oncology showing more than 90% surviving rate after 5 years for almost all kinds of tumours if the diagnosis was performed in early stage. Moreover the great development in medical imaging techniques (MSCT, Dual EnergyCT, open MR, US) make it possible to combine in only one session diagnosis and surgical intervention: the so called interventional radiology where the same image used for diagnosis is guiding the minimally invasive surgical intervention. Cardiovascular procedures are particularly suited for such approach and balloon angioplasty/stent are widely used to open blocked blood vessels. In oncology mininvasive surgery is particularly used for abdominal organs. In this case US are considered the best mean for guidance during the intervention. The first results on a large number of patients demonstrate the usefulness of intraoperative radiofrequency thermoablation of liver tumour when they are correlate with an accurate ecographic analysis during the intervention and the follow up of the patient. For prostate tumours a new technique based on high-intensity focused ultrasounds (HIFU) has shown great potentialities.
GOR’KIJ E IL NUOVO MONDO: UNA SVOLTA NELL’IMPEGNO
Authors: Schiaffino Gabriella
Published: October 2018

L’intervento analizza i tre bozzetti, raccolti sotto il titolo “In America” (1906), che presentano le impressioni di Gor’kij su New York, i suoi abitanti e la loro vita e li confronta con le lettere scritte nello stesso periodo ad amici e parenti, come pure con alcuni atteggiamenti verso gli Stati Uniti diffusi nell’Europa della Belle Epoque.
PENSIERI INTEMPESTIVI ‘17-’18 RIFLESSIONI SULLA RILETTURA ODIERNA DELLA PUBBLICISTICA DI M. GOR’KIJ
Authors: Chapovalova Liudmila
Published: October 2018

M. Gor’kij divenne una figura di spicco a partire dagli anni ‘90 del XIX° secolo e nel corso della sua vita rimase al centro dell’attenzione della società russa ed internazionale.1 Diverse erano e tuttora sono le valutazioni e le percezioni della sua attività letteraria, della sua posizione politica, ideologica e civile, – fu senza dubbio un punto di riferimento e di attrazione per intellettuali, artisti, rivoluzionari di vario tipo.
ISCRIZIONI ETRUSCHE DI DEDICA: ENFASI DEITTICA PRONOMINALE E MARCATEZZA ANAFORICA VERBALE
Authors: Silvestri Domenico
Published: October 2018

Considering an extended collecting of texts recognized as dedication inscriptions we’ll try to solve or, at least, to give a new formulation to the problem of some oral forms supposed to be “perfective” (alice, turuce, mulvanice, etc.) that don’t introduce a symmetrical morphological relationship in comparison to the presumed “participial” e/o “nominal correspondent forms (aliqu, turu, mulu, etc.). We will also insist on the limits of the pretented “translations” of Etruscan texts for what the pragmalinguistics sphere of the offer, of the dedication, of the gift (etc...) is concerned, showing that the lexical translations are actually proposed as pseudosynonymic variations of a generic hyperonym of the transfer of an object from an emitting subject to a receiver. It will be taken under new light the problem of the morphological opposition among the “active” forms in -ce and the “passive” forms in - khe, releasing as much as possible the Etruscan from a typological parainflected perception (indoeuropean context of Ancient Italy).
Indice dei Nomi
Authors: Indice dei Nomi Indice dei Nomi
Published: October 2018

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CLINICAL ASPECTS AND MANAGEMENT OF MYOTONIC DYSTROPHIES
Authors: Meola Giovanni , Bugiardini Enrico , Renna Laura V. , Rizzi Francesca , Cardani Rosanna
Published: October 2018

Myotonic dystrophy (DM) is the most common adult muscular dystrophy, characterized by autosomal dominant progressive myopathy, myotonia and multiorgan involvement. To date two distinct forms caused by similar mutations have been identified. Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1, Steinertâ€™s disease) was described more than 100 years ago and is caused by a (CTG)n expansion in DMPK, while myotonic dystrophy type 2 (DM2) was identified only 18 years ago and is caused by a (CCTG)n expansion in ZNF9/CNBP. When transcribed into CUG/CCUG-containing RNA, mutant transcripts aggregate as nuclear foci that sequester RNA-binding proteins, resulting in spliceopathy of downstream effector genes. Despite clinical and genetic similarities, DM1 and DM2 are distinct disorders requiring different diagnostic and management strategies. DM1 may present four different forms: congenital, early childhood, adult onset and late-onset oligosymptomatic DM1. Congenital DM1 is the most severe form of DM characterized by extreme muscle weakness and mental retardation. In DM2 the clinical phenotype is extremely variable and there are no distinct clinical subgroups. Congenital and childhood-onset forms are not present in DM2 and, in contrast to DM1, myotonia may be absent even on EMG. Due to the lack of awareness of the disease among clinicians, DM2 remains largely underdiagnosed. The delay in receiving the correct diagnosis after onset of first symptoms is very long in DM: on average more than 5 years for DM1 and more than 14 years for DM2 patients. The long delay in the diagnosis of DM causes unnecessary problems for the patients to manage their lives and anguish with uncertainty of prognosis and treatment.
IL “CAVALIERE DELL’OCA” CACCIATO DALLA SCALA. IL FIASCO MILANESE DEL LOHENGRIN (1873) E IL SUO CONTESTO
Authors: Sala Emilio
Published: October 2018

In Milan the opposition Verdi vs Wagner became a well-defined cultural construction in the period starting with the triumph of Lohengrin Italian première (Bologna, 1871) up to the clamorous fiasco the opera received in Milan (1873). Through an analysis of new sources (also iconographical), mostly taken from the contemporary humor periodicals, this article aims to reconstruct the discursive context that shaped Milan rejection of Lohengrin. The premise for this archeo-genealogical investigation is that musical events cannot be separated from the discourses (in a Foucault-like sense) that frame and feed them. Another fundamental aspect that must be considered is the complexity of identity dynamics which characterizes Milan culture soon after Italian unification. As Axel Körner affirms, referring to Parma and Bologna, «the cities’ cultural representation speaks a local language as well as national and transnational language ». This is true, even more, for Milan.
Enforcement of the Protection of Personal Information (POPI) Act: Perspective of data management professionals
Authors: Kandeh Agbor T. , Botha Reinhardt A. , Futcher Lynn A.
Published: October 2018

Background: The urgency to enforce the Protection of Personal Information (POPI) Act is building up within South Africa, triggered by the appointment of the Information Regulator for POPI on 01 December 2016. However, for data management practitioners, the absence of a practical guideline on how to legally process personal information of employees, customers or other juristic persons in line with the POPI Act poses a day-to-day technical challenge, especially for those embarking on a maiden journey to comply with the POPI Act.Objectives: The objective of this article is to explore and analyse the unique perspectives of data management professionals who are vested with the responsibility of driving the successful enforcement of the POPI Act within their respective organisations, with the end goal of formulating a practical guideline for the enforcement of the POPI Act.Method: To achieve the objectives of this research article, semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive, convenience sample of 16 data management professionals within companies in South Africa. A recording of their views was obtained through one-on-one interviews and a group interview.Results: From the semi-structured interviews, group interview and response to the questions, several findings and learnings were elicited. Zooming into these findings showed close similarities in the actions taken by data management professionals operating in a similar industry. Based on these results, a high-level sequence of steps on how to enforce the POPI Act was formulated.Conclusion: Based on the formulated sequence of steps, it is safe to conclude that the actions of data management professionals can be used to create a practical guideline to enforce the POPI Act. However, to standardise these guidelines across the data management function, there is a need to perform testing with a wider spectrum of data management professionals.
Individual and Spatial Risk of Dengue Virus Infection in Puerto Maldonado, Peru
Authors: Salmón-Mulanovich Gabriela , Blazes David L. , Guezala V M. Claudia , Rios Zonia , Espinoza Angelica , Guevara Carolina , Lescano Andrés G. , Montgomery Joel M. , Bausch Daniel G. , Pan William K.
Published: October 2018

Dengue virus (DENV) affects more than 100 countries worldwide. Dengue virus infection has been increasing in the southern Peruvian Amazon city of Puerto Maldonado since 2000. We designed this study to describe the prevalence of past DENV infection and to evaluate risk factors. In 2012, we conducted a cross-sectional serosurvey and administered a knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) questionnaire to members of randomly selected households. Sera were screened for antibodies to DENV by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and confirmed by plaque reduction neutralization test. We created indices for KAP (KAPi). We used SaTScan (Martin Kulldorff with Information Management Services Inc., Boston, MA) to detect clustering and created a multivariate model introducing the distance of households to potential vector and infection sources. A total of 505 participants from 307 households provided a blood sample and completed a questionnaire. Fifty-four percent of participants (95% confidence interval [CI]: 49.6; 58.5) had neutralizing antibodies to DENV. Higher values of KAPi were positively associated with having DENV antibodies in the multivariate analysis (odds ratio [ORII]: 1.6, 95% CI: 0.6, 2.4; ORIII: 2.7, 95% CI: 1.3, 5.5; and ORIV: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.2, 5.0). Older groups had lower chances of having been exposed to DENV than younger people (OR20–30: 0.5, 95% CI: 0.2, 0.8; OR31–45: 0.5, 95% CI: 0.3, 0.9; and OR>45: 0.6, 95% CI: 0.3, 1.3). Multivariate data analysis from the 270 households with location information showed male gender to have lower risk of past DENV infection (OR: 0.6, 95% CI: 0.4, 0.9). We conclude that risk of DENV infection in Puerto Maldonado is related to gender, age of the population, and location.
The role of droplet sedimentation in the evolution of low-level clouds over southern West Africa
Authors: Dearden Christopher , Hill Adrian , Coe Hugh , Choularton Tom
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Large-eddy simulations are performed to investigate the influence of cloud microphysics on the evolution of low-level clouds that form over southern West Africa during the monsoon season. We find that, even in clouds that are not precipitating, the size of cloud droplets has a non-negligible effect on liquid water path. This is explained through the effects of droplet sedimentation, which acts to remove liquid water from the entrainment zone close to cloud top, increasing the liquid water path. Sedimentation also produces a more heterogeneous cloud structure and lowers cloud base height. Our results imply that an appropriate parameterization of the effects of sedimentation is required to improve the representation of the diurnal cycle of the atmospheric boundary layer over southern West Africa in large-scale models.
Aerosol liquid water content in the moist southern West African monsoon layer and its radiative impact
Authors: Deetz Konrad , Vogel Heike , Haslett Sophie , Knippertz Peter , Coe Hugh , Vogel Bernhard
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Water uptake can significantly increase the size and therefore alters the
optical properties of aerosols. In this study, the regional-scale model
framework COSMO-ART is applied to southern West Africa (SWA) for a summer
monsoon process study on 2–3 and 6–7 July 2016. The high moisture and
aerosol burden in the monsoon layer makes SWA favorable to quantify
properties that determine the aerosol liquid water content and its impact on
radiative transfer. Given the marked diurnal cycle in SWA, the analysis is
separated into three characteristic phases: (a) the Atlantic inflow
progression phase (15:00–02:00 UTC), when winds from the Gulf of Guinea accelerate
in the less turbulent evening and nighttime boundary layer, (b) the moist
morning phase (03:00–08:00 UTC), when the passage of the Atlantic inflow front
leads to overall cool and moist conditions over land, and (c) the daytime
drying phase (09:00–15:00 UTC), in which the Atlantic inflow front reestablishes
with the inland heating initiated after sunrise. This diurnal cycle also impacts,
via relative humidity, the aerosol liquid water content. We analyzed
the impact of relative humidity and clouds on the aerosol liquid water
content. As shown by other studies, accumulation-mode particles are the
dominant contributor of aerosol liquid water. We find aerosol growth factors
of 2 (4) for submicron (coarse-mode) particles, leading to a substantial
increase in mean aerosol optical depth from 0.2 to 0.7. Considering the
aerosol liquid water content leads to a decrease in shortwave radiation of
about 20 W m−2, while longwave effects appear to be insignificant,
especially during nighttime. The estimated relationships between total column
aerosol liquid water and radiation are -305±39 W g−1 (shortwave
in-cloud), -114±42 W g−1 (shortwave off-cloud) and about
−10 W g−1 (longwave). The results highlight the need to consider the relative
humidity dependency of aerosol optical depth in atmospheric models,
particularly in moist tropical environments where their effect on radiation
can be very large.
Ice crystal number concentration estimates from lidar–radar satellite remote sensing – Part 1: Method and evaluation
Authors: Sourdeval Odran , Gryspeerdt Edward , Krämer Martina , Goren Tom , Delanoë Julien , Afchine Armin , Hemmer Friederike , Quaas Johannes
Published: October 2018

Abstract. The number concentration of cloud particles is a
key quantity for understanding aerosol–cloud interactions and describing
clouds in climate and numerical weather prediction models. In contrast with
recent advances for liquid clouds, few observational constraints exist
regarding the ice crystal number concentration (Ni). This study
investigates how combined lidar–radar measurements can be used to provide
satellite estimates of Ni, using a methodology that constrains
moments of a parameterized particle size distribution (PSD). The operational
liDAR–raDAR (DARDAR) product serves as an existing base for this method,
which focuses on ice clouds with temperatures Tc<-30 ∘C. Theoretical considerations demonstrate the capability for accurate retrievals
of Ni, apart from a possible bias in the concentration in small
crystals when Tc≳−50 ∘C, due to the assumption of
a monomodal PSD shape in the current method. This is verified via a
comparison of satellite estimates to coincident in situ measurements, which additionally
demonstrates the sufficient sensitivity of lidar–radar observations to
Ni. Following these results, satellite estimates of
Ni are evaluated in the context of a case study and a preliminary
climatological analysis based on 10 years of global data. Despite a lack
of other large-scale references, this evaluation shows a reasonable physical
consistency in Ni spatial distribution patterns. Notably,
increases in Ni are found towards cold temperatures and, more
significantly, in the presence of strong updrafts, such as those related to
convective or orographic uplifts. Further evaluation and improvement of this
method are necessary, although these results already constitute a first encouraging
step towards large-scale observational constraints for Ni. Part 2
of this series uses this new dataset to examine the controls on
Ni.
Assessment of the pollution–health–economics nexus in China
Authors: Xia Yang , Guan Dabo , Meng Jing , Li Yuan , Shan Yuli
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Serious haze can cause contaminant diseases that trigger productive labour time by raising mortality and morbidity rates in cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. Health studies rarely consider macroeconomic impacts of industrial interlinkages while disaster studies seldom involve air pollution and its health consequences. This study adopts a supply-driven input–output model to estimate the economic loss resulted from disease-induced working-time reduction across 30 Chinese provinces in 2012 using the most updated Chinese multiregional input–output table. Results show a total economic loss of CNY 398.23 billion ( ∼ 1 % of China's GDP in 2012), with the majority coming from Eastern China and the Mid-South. The total number of affected labourers amounts to 82.19 million. Cross-regional economic impact analysis indicates that the Mid-South, North China, and Eastern China entail the majority of the regional indirect loss. Indeed, most indirect loss in North China, the Northwest and the Southwest can be attributed to manufacturing and energy in other regions, while loss in Eastern China, the Mid-South and the Northeast largely originate from coal and mining in other regions. At the subindustrial level, most inner-regional loss in North China and the Northwest originate from coal and mining, in Eastern China and Southwest from equipment and energy, and in the Mid-South from metal and non-metal. These findings highlight the potential role of geographical distance in regional interlinkages and regional heterogeneity in inner- and outer-regional loss due to distinctive regional economic structures and dependences between the north and south.
Djankuat Glacier Station in the North Caucasus, Russia: A Database
of complex glaciological, hydrological, meteorological observations
and stable isotopes sampling results during 2007-2017
Authors: Rets Ekaterina P. , Popovnin Viktor V. , Toropov Pavel A. , Smirnov Andrew M. , Tokarev Igor V. , Chizhova Julia N. , Budantseva Nadine A. , Vasil’chuk Yurij K. , Kireeva Maria B. , Ekaykin Alexey A. , Kozachek Anna V. , Aleynikov Alexander A. , Frolova Natalia L. , Tsyplenkov Anatoly S. , Polukhov Alexey A. , Chalov Sergey R. , Aleshina Maria A. , Kornilova Ekaterina D.
Published: October 2018

Abstract. The study presents a dataset on long-term complex glaciological, hydrological, meteorological observations and isotopes sampling in an extremely underreported alpine zone of the North Caucasus. The Djankuat research basin is of 9.1 km2, situated on elevations between 2500–4000 m, by 30 % covered with glaciers. The biggest in the basin – the Djankuat glacier was chosen as representative of the central North Caucasus during the International Hydrological Decade and is one of 30 "reference" glaciers in the world that have annual mass balance series longer than 50 years (Zemp et al., 2009). The dataset covers 2007–2017 and contains the result of yearly measurements of snow thickness and density; dynamics of snow and ice melting; measurements of water runoff, conductivity, turbidity, temperature, δ18O, δ2H on the main gauging station (844 samples in sum) with a one-hour or several-hours step depending on the parameter; data on δ18O and δ2H sampling of liquid precipitation, snow, ice, firn, groundwater in different parts of the watershed regularly in time during melting season (485 samples in sum); precipitation amount, air temperature, relative humidity, shortwave incoming and reflected radiation, longwave downward and upward radiation, atmospheric pressure, wind speed and direction – measured on several automatic weather stations within the basin with 15 min – one-hour step; gradient meteorological measurements to estimate turbulent fluxes of heat and moisture, measuring three components of wind speed at a frequency of 10 hertz to estimate the turbulent impulse heat fluxes over the glacier surface by the eddy covariance method. All the observations were done during ablation period (June–September) and were interrupted in winter. The dataset was published on knb.ecoinformatics.org long-term repository doi:https://doi.org/10.5063/F1H1307Q and will be further updated. The dataset can be useful for developing and verifying hydrological, glaciological and meteorological models for high elevation territories, to study impact of climate change on hydrology of mountain regions, using isotopic and hydrochemical approaches to study mountain territories. As the dataset includes the measurements of hydrometeorological and glaciological parameters during the catastrophic proglacial lake outburst in the neighboring Bashkara valley in September 2017, it is a valuable contribution to the study of this dangerous hydrological phenomena.