bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Índices de resistencia a los antibióticos en aislamientos clínicos en Santo Domingo, Ecuador
Authors: Ross Jessica , Larco Danny , Colon Olivia , Coalson Jenna , Gaus David , Taylor Katherine , Lee Shaun
Published: February 2020

La resistencia a los antibióticos (RA) sigue siendo uno de los más importantes problemas de salud global a la fecha. La RA en América latina específicamente, representa una de las grandes preocupaciones debido a los diferentes tipos de resistencia a los antibióticos que existen y el incremento de las tasas de aislamiento de los mismos. Iniciamos el análisis de las tasas de RA de aislamientos bacterianos de pacientes que asistieron a dos hospitales de la región rural de Ecuador desde el año 2017 hasta el año 2018. Un total de 907 aislados bacterianos fueron analizados, los cuales fueron recogidos desde el 1 de enero 2017 al 31 de diciembre 2018 y se evaluaron frente a 33 tipos de antibióticos diferentes. Cabe resaltar que más de la mitad de los aislamientos fueron resistentes a ampicilina (79.8%), ampicilina/sulbactam (57.5%), amoxicilina/ácido clavulánico (62.6%) en enterobacterias y a oxacilina (55.4%) en Staphylococcus aureus. De todos los aislamientos analizados 11 de los 33 antibióticos probados muestran un alto grado de resistencia (superior al 50 %). Se concluye que existen altas tasas de RA en zonas rurales del Ecuador, que siguen los patrones mundiales de resistencia ya publicados, y que deberían ser una contribución significativa a tomar en cuenta al momento de analizar la persistencia de la RA no solo en América latina sino en el mundo.
Evaluación de la satisfacción laboral en un grupo de enfermeras de cuatro ciudades del Ecuador en el mes de enero de 2020
Authors: Troya Carlos , Troya Carlos
Published: March 2020

Objetivo: Valorar el nivel de satisfacción laboral de los profesionales de enfermería que trabajan en primer y segundo nivel de atención y los factores asociados en cuatro ciudades del Ecuador en enero del año 2020. Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo analítico transversal el que se aplicó el cuestionario de Font Roja modificado para medir el grado de satisfacción laboral. Se aplicó el alfa de Cronbach para el análisis de consistencia interna del cuestionario modificado, y se realizó un análisis de factores. La relación entre las variables sociodemográficas el grado de satisfacción laboral fue estudiada mediante la técnica de chi cuadrado. Se utilizó el paquete estadístico SPSS versión 22 para el procesamiento de los datos.Resultados: La mayoría de participantes fue de sexo femenino (n=166, 86,5%), el estado civil no soltero fue mayoritario (n=110; 57,3%), muy pocos trabajaban en más un lugar (n=5; 2,6%), solo una quinta parte de los participantes ocupaba un puesto de liderazgo (n=35; 18,2%), la mayoría respondió trabajar en establecimientos de segundo nivel de atención (n=173; 90,1%). No se identificó asociación entre las variables sociodemográficas descritas y el grado de satisfacción laboral. El análisis de la satisfacción laboral global identifico una mayoría de profesionales satisfechos con su trabajo, sin embargo, el análisis de factores realizado permitió identificar que existen cuatro componentes en los cuales los profesionales puntuaron de forma insatisfactoria. Conclusiones: La población estudiada está satisfecha laboralmente en términos generales. Al mismo tiempo se señalan tres factores extrínsecos, y un factor intrínseco relacionados con la insatisfacción laboral que están presentes de forma muy temprana en la población estudiada.
Strategi Pengamen dalam Meningkatkan Ekonomi di Kawasan Wisata Pantai Puruih Padang
Authors: Nofrianti Dian , Susilawati Nora
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh penggunaan lokasi wisata Pantai Puruih, selain dimanfaatkan untuk tempat wisata juga dimanfaatnkan sebagai tempat untuk mencari nafkah. Salah satu pencari nafkah yang ditemukan yaitu pengamen. Pengamen memanfaatkan kawasan wisata Pantai Puruih yang banyak dikunjungi ini untuk mencari nafkah demi memenuhi kebutuhan keluarga. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan strategi pengamen dalam meningkatkan ekonomi di Kawasan Wisata Pantai Puruih Padang. Penelitian ini dianalisis dengan menggunakan teori tindakan sosial yang dikemukakan oleh Max Weber, yang menjelaskan tindakan yang berorientasi pada motif dan tujuan pelaku. Menurut Weber terdapat empat tipe tindakan sosial, pertama yaitu tindakan rasional instrumental, kedua yaitu tindakan rasional nilai, ketiga yaitu tindakan afektif, keempat yaitu tindakan tradisional. Pendekatan penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif dengan tipe penelitian studi kasus, teknik pemilihan informan purposive sampling dengan jumlah informan 13 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara wawancara dan observasi yang dianalisis dengan meggunakan teknik analisis data oleh Miles dan Huberman. Strategi pengamen dalam meningkatkan ekonomi yaitu dengan mengoptimalkan pendidikan anak. Pengamen memilih memenuhi kebutuhan sekolah anak-anaknya daripada membeli hal-hal lain dan menyisihkan sebagian hasil mengamen agar dapat menjadi modal untuk meningkatkan sumber mata pencahariannya.
Purposeful Interpersonal Interaction: What is it and How is it Measured?
Authors: Mehall Scott
Published: March 2020

AbstractDespite extensive studies surrounding the topic of interaction in online learning, faculty are often still relegated to an attempt at replicating their face-to-face course interactions in the online environment. Interpersonal interaction is a necessary yet nebulous concept in online learning. This paper attempts to build a quality lens to view interpersonal interaction in online learning through, called purposeful interpersonal interaction (PII) by exploring types of interpersonal interaction demonstrated in the literature to lead to better student outcomes. PII encompasses three main types of interaction: purposeful interpersonal instructional interaction, purposeful social interaction, and supportive interaction. These interaction types have been associated with important student outcomes like perceived learning, satisfaction, and academic achievement. Robyler and Wiencke’s (2003) rubric for assessing interactive qualities of distance courses (RAIQDC) includes many of the concepts identified as important to PII and has been established as a valid and reliable tool for assessing the amount of quality interpersonal interaction that occurs in an online course. Keywords: online learning, interaction, instructional design, online pedagogy
The Wife of Bath - Early Feminist?
Authors: Lohia Vandana
Published: March 2020

The Tale of the Wyf of Bathe - written in 14th century England - remains to be one of the most widely known tales from Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales. Chaucer gives voice to this pilgrim woman at a time when Richard II’s England was wrought with imbalance of power in the male dominated society. The purpose of this essay is to discern whether the Wife of Bath was an early feminist or not. She is commonly referred to as “the wife” and not her name - this is precisely the notion that she sets out to defy - that a woman, in a society, can only be identified by relation to a man, be it as a wife, mother, sister or a daughter.
Plight of Daksha: Identity Crisis and Communal Violence in Final Solutions
Authors: Sharma Himani
Published: March 2020

Mahesh Dattani is one among India’s avant garde dramatists. He worked as an actor, director, playwright, dancer and screenplay writer. He is one of the most serious contemporary playwrights writing in English. He is a master of language. He can express what he wants to say in any language. Throughout his dramas, he acts like a spokesman for all the marginalized people. His popular play ‘Final Solutions’ deals with the theme of communal hatred and violence. Exploring the issues of religion, hindu-muslim conflict, gender bias, generation thinking gap, Dattani seems to show the inner conflict inside each character in Play. Among all these characters, we sympathizes with Hardika the most. Her dear ‘Diary’ makes the things clear and we learn that she has witnessed this communal hatred for long time.
The Portrayal of the Suffering of Socially Denigrated, Suppressed and Silenced Class in Indian Fiction
Authors: Pratap Aastha
Published: March 2020

These lines are more appropriate to the present day. It’s a time when India is emerging as economic power, globalized culture and trends but still there lies an abominable and harrowing portrait of caste system behind this glittering appearance. It is so appalling that despite of 69 years of freedom from the clutches of imperialism, we are not yet free from our own social vices of stigmatizing the people belonging to the so called “lower classes”. It’s the harsh reality of our society that even in this 21th century there are some people called “Dalits or Untouchables”, who face discrimination, violence, and oppression from the higher castes or traditional upper classes particularly in access of jobs (works), education, health care, property and marriages etc. They are discriminated socially, economically, even in the matter of religion also. This paper intends to throw some light on the sordid saga of Dalit’s plight and their frequent subjection to oppression, silence to violence and marginalization. Their voice was suppressed so long, their rights has been violated, they are denied to access to land and forced to work in degrading conditions, also they are abused by police and upper- caste society routinely. Though things have changed with the flow of time but still dalits are suffering in many ways, which will be highlighted in this paper with the help of some fiction in Indian literature.
A Story of Scattered Hearts: Kiran Desai’s The Inheritance of Loss
Authors: Vaidya Dr. Varsha , Patil Mr. Siddharth
Published: March 2020

Human beings are so fragile and impatient that they are easily subjected on emotional basis. It is in human nature that they empathise everything that emotionally attach with them. Emotion plays a vital role in the entire world of human relationship. It is not inept to note here that our thoughts are often forms the core of our actions. It reflects the framework of our psychology greatly. There are instances in the world of living where one work affects because of the mood of a person. Deliberately, the writers across the world develop and circle their thoughts around emotional balance of human beings in various points. They successfully stress the effect of a particular crisis and it’s outcomes on human mind. The present research paper deals with the effects of such crisis on the lives of human being who are deeply engulfed in their normal life. The study is a sincere endeavour to bring to the fore a serious effect of Nepali-a politically motivated-uprising on the common man living peacefully, amicably in harmony with nature.
Empowering Research: An Interpretation of Umberto Eco's How to Write a Thesis
Authors: Mohsin Dr. Syed Wahaj
Published: March 2020

This paper delves into an erudite interpretation of Umberto Eco's acclaimed text entitled How to Write a Thesis. This work was originally published in Italy in 1977, and later translated into English and other languages across the globe. This literary contribution of Eco has proved to be of colossal value for students and teachers worldwide. Researchers of varying subjects can benefit from the wisdom of this book, but it is exceptionally useful for the scholars of humanities.

This book offers a spectrum of practical ideas and suggestions to guide the students who believe research to be a challenging and mammoth venture. Eco's practical suggestions, remarkable motivation and his occasionally hilarious tone make this work a literary masterpiece. With magnanimous technological advancements and ultra-modern gadgets the process of conducting research has undergone a significant transformation, but the basic guidelines and suggestions still serve as milestones. Eco amicably communicates with the readers to create an atmosphere that promotes a love of learning in the students. He believes that passion for scholarly excellence should complement intellectual growth and well-being.

This paper aims to provide a lucid understanding of Eco's practical and theoretical wisdom for the progress of the young minds. Teachers and scholars can acquire many useful strategies and ideas from this interpretation for improving their intellectual ability and making research a memorable journey for their students.
Past Verses Present; Metamorphosis in Different Spheres of Guwahati: A Study of Srutimala Duara’s Mindprints of Guwahati
Authors: Pandey Ankita
Published: March 2020

Guwahati derives its name from the Assamese word “Guwa” means areca nut and “Haat” means market. However, the modern Guwahati had been known as the ancient Pragjyotishpura and was the capital of Assam under the Kamrupa kingdom. A beautiful city Guwahati is situated on the south bank of the river Bramhaputra. Moreover, It is known as the largest city in the Indian state of Assam and also the largest metropolis in North East India. It has also its importance as the gateway to the North- East India. Assamese and English are the spoken languages in Guwahati.  In 1667, the Mogul forces were defeated in the battle by the Ahom forces commanded by Lachut Barphukan. Thus, in a sense Guwahati became the bone of contention among the Ahoms, Kochas and the Moguls during the medieval period.  Guwahati the administrative headquarters of Lower Assam with a viceroy or Barbhukan was made by the Ahom king.  Since 1972 it has been the capital of Assam.

The present paper will discuss the changes happened in Guwahati over the period of late 1970s till the present time. It will focus on the behavior of people, transformed temples, Panbazar of the city, river bank of Bramhaputra, old Fancy Bazaar, chaotic ways, festivals and seasons including a fifth man made season etc. It will also deal how over the years a city endowed with nature’s gifts and scenic views, has been changing as “a dirty city”. Furthermore, it will also present the insurgencies that have barged into the city. The occurrence of changes will be discussed through the perspective and point of view of Srutimala Duara as presented in her book Mindprints of Guwahati.
Noted: Horror stories confront journalists
Authors: Robie David
Published: March 2020

Phil Thornton specialises in documenting the lives of opressed ordinary people. Eight years ago he was attached to the University of the South Pacific programme during the George Speight 'coup' doing human rights stories that few other journalists were touching. 

In Restless Souls, Thornton provides colourful, evocative and tragic insights into the Karen people's struggle for freedom and the right to exist. He is based in part in the border town of Mae Sot—a bizarre community featuring aid peddlers, drug dealers, mercenaries, prostitutes, gem smugglers and freelance journalists.
Pacificness – telling our own side of the story
Authors: Kailahi Sandra
Published: March 2020

Pasifika people face increased marginalisation if they do not become active participants in any media discourse.  Newer, portable technologies open opportunities for smaller societies to become part of the media landscape. There are now more opportunities for smaller voices to express their Pasificness and be heard over the din of the mainstream. As a community, this commentary argues, Pacific people must make sure their side of the story is told in the digital era.
Intentional use of te reo Māori in New Zealand newspapers in 2007
Authors: Moewaka Barnes Angela , Borell Belinda , Gregory Amanda , Kaiwai Hector , McCreanor Tim , Nairn Raymond , Rankine Jenny
Published: March 2020

The study aimed to measure the intentional use of words in te reo Māori in a representative sample of newspaper news items about Māori issues.While te reo Māori was made an official language in 1987, it remains endangered and New Zealand remains one of the most monolingual countries in the world. The news items analysed were about Māori issues, and thus more likely to include Māori words. Only words with an alternative in English were counted, and the origin of articles was analysed. Forty-five percent of items included no Māori words. Only words with an alternative in English were counted, and the origin of articles was analysed. forty-five percent of items included no Māori words with an alternative in English, and the average across the sample was 2.4. More than half the Māori words counted described social culture. Use of te reo varied widely among newspapers. No regular Māori language promotion items appeared in the sample, and it provides little evidence of support for New Zealand's endangered indigenous official language.
A geo-political review of education for journalists
Authors: Bromley Michael
Published: March 2020

It is almost axiomatic in university journalism programmes everywhere that students embark on their tertiary studies unprepared by their schooling at secondary level. Learning in school is viewed, at one level, as being either inadequate (even non-existent) or muddle-head-ed, and, at another level, as deliberately subversive of the journalism project. As journalism programmes have grown in popularity, this tension, which could once be dismissed as marginal, has assumed greater importance as illustrative of the contemporary dilemma of negotiating a place for education in the facilitation of media literacy.
What price freedom? Global reporting trends and journalistic integrity
Authors: Cramer Chris
Published: March 2020

Commentary: On 18 May 2009, the ABC’s Ultimo Centre in Sydney, Australia, and on May 22, Massey University’s Wellington campus in New Zealand were host to twin conferences on war reporting.  Jointly organised by the global aid organisation International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) and the Australian Centre of Independent Journalism at the University of Technology, Sydney, and Massey’s School of Communication, Journalism and Marketing, the conferences were attended and contributed to by senior international and national news media people—including many who had themselves reported wars—as well as humanitarian, legal and military representatives.  The conferences addressed: the role and responsibilities of the journalist in reporting conflict; media, humanitarian and military relationships; an apparent increasing targeting of journalists in conflict zones; and the application of international humanitarian law in times of conflict. The following address by Chris Cramer was the keynote speech at both conferences.
War reporting, international humanitarian law and the legacy of Balibo
Authors: Maniaty Tony
Published: March 2020

Commentary: Organisations like the International News Safety Institute (INSI), formed in 2001 and based in Brussels, have created an impressive global network to help news workers facing danger on assignment; as well, big networks such as the BBC, CNN and the ABC have adopted measures including battlefield security courses, protective gear, first-aid training, and carefully-rehearsed exit strategies. Despite all this, reporters are still being targeted, and too many governments are still ignoring, and even giving support to, the killing of journalists.
‘Embedded journalism’: Some NZ military perspectives
Authors: Dransfield Martin
Published: March 2020

Commentary: On 22 May 2009, Massey University’s Wellington campus hosted a conference on war reporting. Jointly organised by the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) and Massey’s Department of Communication, Journalism and Marketing, the conference was attended and contributed to by senior international and national news media as well as humanitarian, legal and military representatives. This commentary is drawn from presentations by two military officers, management head Colonel Martin Dransfield and Director of Defence Communications Shaun Fogarty
Conflict reporting: Emotional attachment, a sense of morality and reporting objectively
Authors: Cohen Janine
Published: March 2020

This article explores how emotional attachment and a sense of morality often drive journalists to produce great work in areas of conflict, particularly those solo video journalists who produce long format current affairs. But it also questions if a sense of engagement can impede journalist’s ability to report objectively? And how relevant is this ideal today? Former BBC war correspondent Martin Bell changed his view on objectivity after covering the Balkans War. He advocated for a journalism of attachment especially in war zones and amid human suffering. There are some Australian video journalists whose sense of engagement has defined outstanding bodies of work. However, some practices in the field often defy concepts of impartiality. Issues of, if, or when, to put down the camera and give assistance; or how to remain fair and honest to the story while gaining the long term trust of sources, sometimes challenges journalists.
Tackling a persistent trail of gender obstacles
Authors: Oosterman Allison
Published: March 2020

Press history in New Zealand is still in its infancy and unless more interest is taken in the subject it will never reach adulthood. Research in this fi eld has been fragmentary. There have been some general studies, for example Guy Scholefield’s (1958) Newspapers in New Zealand and Patrick Day’s (1990) The making of the New Zealand press. There are some substantial histories of The Press (O’Neill, 1963), Independent Newspapers Ltd (Verry, 1985) and the NZPA (Sanders, 1979). There have been various centennial publications such as Karl du Fresne’s (2009) celebration of The Dominion. And in the last decade there have been positive signs of a resurgence of interest in the history of our newspapers with some exciting research underway or already published. Joanna Woods’ (2009) Facing the music: Charles Baeyertz and The Triad is a recent welcome addition and in the wings are works on New Zealand Truth (Redmer Yska), The Listener (Lyn Barnes) and parliamentary journalists (Nikki Hessell).
Noted: Innovative pathways open doors across Asia
Authors: Papoutsaki Evangelia
Published: March 2020

Stephen provides an interesting account of media convergence and innovative forms of journalism in Asia, using nine case studies from major media companies in this region including the Star Group in Malaysia, the China Daily Online, and the Hindustan Times Group in India. This book is not an account of corporate convergence, nor a discussion of technological convergence but rather a study of innovative ways of doing journalism in the Asia region.
Cook Islands: The Cook Islands News and the genesis of FOI
Authors: Woods John
Published: March 2020

Commentary: The Cook Islands News is challenging the Prime Minister and his Cabinet for maintaining secrecy and nondisclosure around all of Cabinet’s business in spite of the country’s Official Information Act. And the newspaper is fighting several defamation actions which in legal fees are chewing up the equivalent of a whole annual salary for a senior journalist. This is a waste of limited resources, but the cost of being a ‘free press’.
Freedom of information – Challenges and the way forward
Authors: Manek Cronox
Published: March 2020

Commentary: While the media has demonstrated that it can cover global and governance issues, it neglects the potential to be a responsible partner, especially in developing countries such as Papua New Guinea and to an extent the Pacific. However, this partnership can be strengthened with the media industry and government departments and agencies working to improve their ability to work with each to achieve social, economical and political mileage. Freedom of information and a free media is about upholding the freedom we currently enjoy in a democratic society, as it is about our freedom to express ourselves and be informed appropriately and responsibly.
REVIEW: A moment for self-reflection
Authors: Aslam Rukhsana
Published: March 2020

War Isn't Hell, Its Entertainment treats one of the most debated issues of our times i.e. the relationship between war and media, in a similar manner. The book offers no apology for the existence of such a relationship.
Threshold value of DC array current and DC string voltage for fault detection in grid-connected photovoltaic system
Authors: Muhammad Nurmalessa , Zakaria Nor Zaini Ikrom , Shaari Sulaiman , Omar Ahmad Maliki
Published: February 2020

The failure detection in a grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system has become an important aspect of solving the issue of the reduced energy output in the PV system. One of the methods in detecting failure is by using the threshold-based method to compute the ratio of actual and predicted DC array current and DC string voltage value. This value will be applied in the failure detection algorithm by using power loss analysis and may reduce the time, cost and labour needed to measure the quality of the energy output of the PV system. This study presented the threshold value of DC array current and DC string voltage to be implemented in the algorithm of fault detection in grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system under the Malaysian climate. Data from the PV system located at Green Energy Research Center (GERC) was recorded in 12 months interval using the monocrystalline PV modules. The actual data was recorded using five minutes interval for 30 consecutive days. The prediction of the data was calculated using the mathematical method. The threshold value was determined from the ratio between actual and predicted data. The results show that the DC array current threshold value, σ is 0.9816. While, DC string voltage threshold value, λ is 0.9261. The proposed value may be beneficial for the determination of threshold value for regions with the tropical climate.
Pertumbuhan, hasil dan kualitas tomat cv. Marta-9 pada berbagai sistem budidaya dalam rumah plastik di dataran medium Jatinangor
Authors: Onggo Tino Mutiarawati , Sumadi Sumadi , Fauziah R.
Published: March 2020

Penanaman tomat dalam rumah plastik dengan sistem budidaya hidroponik, meng-0hasilkan buah dengan kuantitas dan kualitas baik serta dapat dilakukan secara kontinu, namun kekurangan sistem tersebut adalah bahan kimia yang digunakan untuk hara tanaman mahal, sehingga perlu dicarikan sistem budidaya alter-natif yang dapat mengimbangi hasil dan kualitas hasil sistem hidroponik. Tujuan dilaku-kannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari berbagai sistem budidaya tanaman tomat dalam rumah plastik yang dapat diaplikasikan di dataran medium dengan biaya yang lebih murah serta menguji jumlah batang produksi yang dapat menghasilkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman serta kualitas tomat yang baik. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan Juni sampai dengan Oktober 2013 di rumah plastik Laboratorium Kultur Terkendali Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padja-djaran, dengan ketinggian tempat  730 m di atas permukaan laut.Percobaan dilakukan dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial yang terdiri dari dua faktor dan empat ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah sistem budidaya yang terdiri dari tiga taraf (hidroponik, semi hidroponik dan non hidroponik) dan faktor kedua adalah jumlah batang produksi yang terdiri dari dua taraf (batang tunggal dan batang ganda). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terjadi pengaruh interaksi antara sistem budidaya dan jumlah batang produksi terhadap pertumbuhan, hasil dan kualitas hasil tomat cv. Marta-9. Sistem budidaya semi hidroponik dan non hidroponik menghasilkan pertumbuhan tanaman yang lebih rendah dicirikan dengan tinggi tanaman, diameter batang,serta ukuran daun yang lebih rendah dibanding sistem budidaya hidroponik. Tingginya jumlah buah yang terkena blossom end rot pada sistem budidaya semi dan non hidroponik berimbas pada jumlah buah dan bobot buah per tanaman yang lebih rendah serta persentase bobot buah kualitas A yang lebih rendah dibandingkan sistem budidaya hidroponik. Perlakuan batang tunggal menghasilkan tanaman dengan tinggi tanaman serta ukuran daun yang lebih besar dibanding penggunaan batang produksi ganda, namun baik perlakuan batang tunggal atau ganda menghasilkan persentase jumlah dan bobot buah layak pasar serta persentase bobot dan jumlah buah kualitas A yang sama. Kata kunci : Hidroponik ∙ Non hidroponik ∙ Semi hidroponik ∙ Jumlah batang produksi ∙ Tomat kultivar Marta-9
Skrining fitokimia cangkang dan kulit batang tanaman jengkol asal Ciamis Jawa Barat sebagai inisiasi obat diabetes mellitus berbahan alam
Authors: Maxiselly Yudithia , Ismail Ade , Rosniawaty Santi , Anjarsari Intan Ratna Dewi
Published: March 2020

Pengembangan obat bahan alam semakin meningkat karena mempertimbangkan pola masyarakat yang kini lebih memilih hidup back to nature.Jengkol merupakan salah satu tanaman yang memiliki potensi sebagai obat bahan alam. Kandungan jengkol yang bermanfaat yaitu asam amino, vitamin, mineral, juga zat lain seperti saponin, flavonoid, dan tannin sangat dibutuhkan manusia. Potensi jengkol lainnya adalah mampu menurunkan kadar gula dalam darah sehingga dapat mencegah penyakit Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Bagian jengkol yang diteliti memiliki zat antidiabetes adalah kulit batang, cangkang buah dan bijinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat kandungan fitokimia pada cangkang dan kuit batang jengkol asal Ciamis Jawa Baratyang telah berhasil dikoleksi oleh Laboratorium Produksi Tanaman Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padja-djaran sebagai tahap awal untuk dikembang-kannya jengkol sebagai salah satu obat bahan alam. Penelitian dilakukan pada November 2013 – Januari 2014 di Laboratorium Farmasi Unpad dengan menggunakan 12 sampel yang terdiri dari bagian cangkang dan kulit batang jengkol. Hasil pengujian menunjukan terdapat variasi dari kandungan fitokimia yang ada pada cangkang dan kulit batang jengkol. Sepuluh dari dua belas sampel memiliki kandungan fenolat dan terpenoid sehingga berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai bahan alam yang salah satunya berfungsi  untuk menurunkan kadar gula darah. Kandungan lainnya yang terkandung pada sampel yang diuji adalah alkaloid, saponin, kuinon, dan flavonoid yang juga merupakan metabolit sekunder pada tanaman. Kata kunci : Jengkol ∙ Kandungan fitokimia ∙ Jawa Barat
Pengaruh tanaman penutup tanah Nephrolepis biserrata dan teras gulud terhadap aliran permukaan dan pertumbuhan kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)
Authors: Ariyanti Mira , Yahya S. , Murtilaksono K. , Suwarto Suwarto , Siregar Hasril Hasan
Published: March 2020

Penanaman tanaman penutup tanah (TPT) dikategorikan sebagai kegiatan yang mendukung ISPO (Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil System) yaitu pemeliharaan tanaman dalam mendukung produktivitas tanaman.  Nephrolepis biserrata merupakan salah satu gulma yang banyak tumbuh di kebun kelapa sawit, toleran naungan sehingga dapat ditanam sebagai TPT di areal kebun kelapa sawit menghasilkan. Secara mekanik, diaplikasikan teras gulud sebagai bangunan konservasi yang merupakan paduan penanaman TPT dalam mengurangi aliran permukaan, meningkatkan resapan air ke dalam tanah sehingga mendukung pertumbuhan dan produksi kelapa sawit. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui berapa besar N.biserrata dan teras gulud mengurangi aliran permukaan dan pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan kelapa sawit. Penelitian dilakukan bulan Agustus 2014-April 2015 di unit usaha Rejosari PTPN VII, Lampung Selatan, menggunakan rancangan blok terpisah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan lahan yang diberi teras gulud dan ditanami N.biserrata, tanpa teras gulud dan ditanami N.biserrata, teras gulud tanpa ditanami N.biserrata efektif mengurangi aliran permukaan berturut-turut sebesar 95.7 %, 80.0% dan 63.4%. Teras gulud dan tanaman penutup tanah N.biserrata mempengaruhi pertumbuhan kelapa sawit terutama pada peubah pertumbuhan jumlah pelepah dan jumlah pelepah patah. Kata kunci : Nephrolepis biserrata, tanaman penutup tanah, teras gulud, aliran permukaan, kelapa sawit
Pengaruh pupuk pelengkap cair dan sistem olah tanah terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil kacang tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.) kultivar nkancil pada inceptisols Jatinangor
Authors: Irwan Aep Wawan , Wicaksono Fiky Yulianto
Published: March 2020

Percobaan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dosis pupuk pelengkap organik cair dan sistem olah tanah terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil kacang tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.). Percobaan dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, dari bulan Januari 2015 sampai April 2015.Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 18 perlakuan dan 2 ulangan. Perlakuannya meliputi : kontrol (50 kg/ha Urea + 125 kg/ha SP-36 + 100 kg/ha KC1) + tanpa olah tanah, kontrol (50 kg/ha Urea + 125 kg/ha SP-36 + 100 kg/ha KC1) + pengolahan tanah minimum, kontrol (50 kg/ha Urea + 125 kg/ha SP-36 + 100 kg/ha KC1) + pengolahan tanah sempurna, 1 L/ha PPC + tanpa olah tanah, 1 L/ha PPC + pengolahan tanah minimum, 1 L/ha PPC + pengolahan tanah sempurna, 2 L/ha PPC + Tanpa olah tanah, 2 L/ha PPC + pengolahan tanah minimum, 2 L/ha PPC + pengolahan tanah sempurna, 3 L/ha PPC + tanpa olah tanah, 3 L/ha PPC + pengolahan tanah minimum, 3 L/ha PPC + pengolahan tanah sempurna, 4 L/ha PPC + tanpa olah tanah, 4 L/ha PPC + pengolahan tanah minimum, 4 L/ha PPC + pengolahan tanah sempurna, 5 L/ha PPC + tanpa olah tanah, 5 L/ha PPC + pengolahan tanah minimum, 5 L/ha PPC + pengolahan tanah sempurna. Nilai rata-rata tiap perlakuan diuji dengan menggunakan uji Scott-knott.Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa dosis pupuk pelengkap cair dan sistem olah tanah berpengaruh terhadap indeks luas daun, bobot kering tanaman, jumlah biji per tanaman, jumlah polong isi per tanaman, bobot 100 biji, bobot biji per tanaman dan bobot biji per petak. Perlakuan 5 L/ha PPC + pengolahan tanah minimum memberikan pengaruh terhadap indeks luas daun, bobot kering tanaman, jumlah biji per tanaman, jumlah polong isi per tanaman, bobot 100 biji, bobot biji per tanaman dan bobot biji per petak dibanding dengan perlakuan yang menggunakan pupuk pelengkap cair dan tidak berbeda dengan perlakuan kontrol 50 kg/ha Urea + 125 kg/ha SP-36 + 100 kg/ha KC1 + pengolahan tanah sempurna dan 5 L/ha PPC + pengolahan tanah sempurna. Kata kunci  : kacang tanah, pupuk organik cair, sistem olah tanah.
Pertumbuhan eksplan meristem bawang putih (Allium sativum L.) kultivar tawangmangu pada berbagai komposisi kinetin dan GA3 In Vitro
Authors: Sholihin Y. , Suminar Erni , Rizky Wieny Heriliya , Pitaloka G. G.
Published: March 2020

Bawang putih merupakan komoditas penting di Indonesia. Indonesia merupakan negara terbesar pengimpor bawang putih. Permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam teknik produksi benih secara konvensional menjadi salah satu faktor pembatas tidak optimalnya pengembangan dan penyebaran benih tersebut. Produksi benih  in vitro dapat dijadikan sebagai metode alternatif dalam perbanyakan benih sumber kultivar unggul. Penelitian ini bertujuanuntuk mendapatkan komposisi kinetin dan GA3 terbaik pada media dasar MS untuk regenerasi eksplan meristemsecara in vitro.Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Kultur JaringanBalai Pengembangan Benih Hortikultura dan Aneka Tanaman Pasir Banteng, Kecamatan Jatinangor, Kabupaten Sumedang, Provinsi Jawa Barat, yang berlangsung dari bulan April hingga Juli 2015. Eksplan yang digunakan adalah meristem bawang putih kultivar Tawangmangu. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 12 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Media yang digunakan adalah Murashige dan Skoog (MS) dengan penambahan zat pengatur tumbuh Kinetin (0,0 mg L-1; 1,5 mg L-1; 3,0 mg L-1; 4,5 mg L-1) dan GA3 (0,0 mg L-1; 0,5 mg L-1; 1,0 mg L-1).Perlakuan komposisi Kinetin dan GA3 pada media MS memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan bawang putih kultivar Tawangmangu in vitro, dan perlakuan yang terbaik diperoleh pada perlakuan 4,5 mg L-1 Kin + 1,0 mg L-1 GA3 untuk peubah jumlah daun, tetapi perlakuan media tanpa kinetinmemberikan pengaruh yang lebih baik terhadap tinggi tunas, jumlah akar, dan panjang akar pada pertumbuhan eksplan meristem bawang putih Kultivar Tawangmangu in vitro.Kata Kunci:Bawang Putih Kultivar Tawangmangu, Eksplan Meristem, GA3, In Vitro, Kinetin, Media MS
Pengaruh pemangkasan terhadap pertumbuhan: percabangan dan pembesaran bonggol tiga kultivar kamboja Jepang (Adenium Arabicum)
Authors: Suradinata Yayat Rochayat , Amalia Adinda Cikal , Nuraini Anne
Published: March 2020

Ornamental plant of Adenium arabicum has a selling value and a high aesthetic value. The beauty of the exotic stump and branching lots are characteristic that differentiates it from other species of Adenium. However, to get a lot of branching and stump enlargement require a long time, so that should an effort to speed up the desired form A. aracium, that is by pruning. This research aimed to determine the effect of pruning on growth, that is branching and stump enlargement three cultivars of A. arabicum. Experiment as done on April until June 2016 at Ciparanje Experimental Station, Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, Sumedang, West Java. The experiment used Factorial Randomized Block Design with three cultivars (Yak Saudi, RCN, and Thai Socotranum) and pruning (without pruning, pruning 7segments, and pruning 14 segments), with three replications. The result of the experiment showed that there was interaction between three cultivars and branching increased the diameter of the stump A. arabicum at 6 weeks after pruning. Interactions that occur, that was between Yak Saudi cultivars with without pruning. Treatment on three cultivars don’t showed different effects. Pruning 14 segments showed the best effect to increased the number of branches, branch length, number of leaves and leaf area on the plant of A. arabicum. Keywords: Adenium arabicum, pruning, RCN, Thai Socotranum, Yak Saudi.
Peran konservasi tanah terhadap cadangan karbon tanah, bahan organik, dan pertumbuhan kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis jacq.)
Authors: Asbur Yenni , Ariyanti Mira
Published: March 2020

Penerapan konservasi tanah di perkebunan kelapa sawit dapat dilakukan secara vegetatif dan mekanik. Secara vegetatif dengan memanfaatkan tanaman yang banyak tumbuh di bawah tegakan kelapa sawit seperti Asystasia gangetica dan Nephrolepis biserrata sebagai tanaman penutup tanah, sedangkan secara mekanik dengan memotong panjang lereng melalui pembuatan teras gulud. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui peran konservasi tanah terhadap cadangan karbon tanah, bahan organik, dan pertumbuhan kelapa sawit. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari Agustus 2014-April 2015 di perkebunan kelapa sawit (tahun tanam 2005) PTPN VII, Lampung Selatan. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan tersarang faktorial dengan enam ulangan tersarang di dalam perlakuan. Perlakuan terdiri dari teras gulud (tanpa teras gulud; dengan teras gulud), dan tanaman penutup tanah (tanpa tanaman penutup tanah; N.biserrata; A.gangetica). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penerapan konservasi tanah menggunakan tanaman penutup tanah dan teras gulud di perkebunan kelapa sawit meningkatkan cadangan karbon dan bahan organik tanah dibandingkan tanpa konservasi tanah, berturut-turut sebesar 4.44 t/ha dan 0.69% (N. biserrata tanpa teras gulud); 5.28 t/ha dan 0.83% (A. gangetica tanpa teras gulud); 7.04 t/ha dan 1.10% (teras gulud tanpa tanaman penutup tanah); 10.45 t/ha dan 1.64% (N. biserrata dengan teras gulud); 11.33 t/ha dan 1.78% (A. gangetica tanpa teras gulud). Penerapan konservasi tanah juga berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan kelapa sawit, terutama rataan panjang rachis dan jumlah pelepah sengkleh. Kata kunci : Nephrolepis biserrata, Asystasia gangetica, tanaman penutup tanah, teras gulud
Respons konduktansi stomata beberapa genotipe tebu sebagai parameter toleransi terhadap stress abiotik
Authors: Soleh Mochamad Arief , Manggala Ranu , Maxiselly Yudithia , Ariyanti Mira , Anjarsari Intan Ratna Dewi
Published: March 2020

Peningkatan produksi tebu saat ini akan terhambat dengan adanya fenomena pemanasan global yang disertai dengan perubahan iklim hingga mempengaruhi sebaran air hujan.  Akibatnya musim hujan sering terjadi secara sporadis dan kurang dapat diprediksi. Di sisi lain kondisi lahan kebanjiran akibat genangan air berpotensi menyebabkan stress abiotik pada tanaman tebu yang secara langsung berpengaruh terhadap produktivitas tanaman. Salahsatu sifat fisiologis yang berkaitan erat dengan ketahanan stress abiotik adalah respons konduktansi stomata (gs) sebagai representatif proses metabolisme tanaman berupa fotosintesis. Beberapa varietas tebu ditanam dalam kondisi genangan air memperlihatkan perbedaan nilai gs dari 240 mmol H2O·m-2·s-1 untuk Kidang Kencana (KK) sebagai varietas lokal sampai 516 mmol H2O·m-2·s-1 untuk PS921 sebagai varietas terbarukan. Perbedaan respons gs ini selaras dengan peningkatan suhu kanopi tanaman pada perlakuan genangan dibanding tanaman tanpa genangan. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan mampu memberikan informasi bagi para pemulia tanaman tebu dalam merakit tanaman yang lebih tahan stress abiotik berupa genangan air. Kata kunci: konduktansi stomata, tebu, cekaman abiotik, genangan.
Respons tanaman jagung (Zea mays L.) hibrida terhadap aplikasi paraquat pada lahan tanpa olah tanah (TOT)
Authors: Wahyudin Agus , Widayat Dedi , Wicaksono Fiky Yulianto , Irwan Aep Wawan , Hafiz Abdulah
Published: March 2020

Sari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung akibat persiapan lahan dengan menggunakan herbisida paraquat pada lahan tanpa olah tanah (TOT), serta memperoleh dosis yang tepat yang dapat digunakan dalam budidaya jagung untuk menggantikan olah tanah sempurna (OTS). Percobaan dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Ciparanje Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjajaran, Jatinangor, Kabupaten Sumedang, Jawa Barat dengan ketinggian tempat ± 750 meter diatas permukaan laut  dan ordo tanah Inceptisol serta tipe curah hujan C3 menurut Oldeman (1975). Percobaan dilaksanakan dari bulan Mei 2017 hingga Agustus 2017.  Metode percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok terdiri dari 6 perlakuan dan diulang sebanyak 4 kali. Perlakuannya adalah sebagai berikut : Perlakuan TOT + Herbisida Paraquat Diklorida Dosis 207g/L, TOT + Herbisida Paraquat Diklorida  Dosis 276g/L, TOT + Herbisida Paraquat Diklorida Dosis  345g/L, TOT + Herbisida Paraquat Diklorida Dosis  414g/L, TOT + Penyiangan Manual, dan  Kontrol (OTS). Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa pemberian herbisida paraquat 414 g/L untuk persiapan lahan dengan TOT pada tanaman jagung  dapat menyamai OTS.Kata kunci : Paraquat , Persiapan lahan, Jagung, Tanpa olah tanah  Abstract. This study aims to determine growth and yield of maize caused by land preparation using paraquat herbicide at zero tillage, then find the best dosage of paraquat that can be replaced full tillage in maize cultivation. The experiment was conducted at the experimental field Ciparanje, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang Regency, West Java at ± 750 meters above sea level, soil order was Inceptisols, the type of rainfall was C3 according Oldemann classification. The experiment conducted from May 2017 until August 2017. It used  randomized block design that consisted of 6 treatments and repeated four times. The treatments were: zero tillage + Paraquat Dicloride at the dosage 207g/L, zero tillage + Paraquat Dicloride at the dosage 276g/L, zero tillage + Paraquat Dicloride at the dosage 345g/L, zero tillage + Paraquat Dicloride at the dosage 414g/L, zero tillage +  weeding manual, and full tillage as control. The results of the experiments showed that application of paraquat 414 g/L can replace full tillage.Keyword : Land preparation, Paraquat, Maize, Zero tillage
Pengaruh dosis kascing dan bioaktivator terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman sawi (Brassica juncea L.) yang dibudidayakan secara organik
Authors: Wahyudin Agus , Irwan Aep Wawan
Published: March 2020

Sari. Peningkatan produktivitas sawi (Brassica juncea L.) dapat dilakukan secara organik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh dosis kascing dan penggunaan bioaktivator terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman sawi. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), terdiri atas sembilan kombinasi perlakuan dan diulang empat kali, masing-masing kombinasi perlakuan adalah: tanpa kascing dan tanpa bioaktivator; kascing 5 ton/ha dan tanpa bioaktivator; kascing 5 ton/ha dan bioaktivator 4 mL/L; kascing 10 ton/ha dan tanpa bioaktivator; kascing 10 ton/ha dan bioaktivator 4 mL/L; kascing 15 ton/ha dan tanpa bioaktivator; kascing 15 ton/ha dan bioaktivator 4 mL/L; kascing 20 ton/ha dan tanpa bioaktivator; serta kascing 20 ton/ha dan bioaktivator 4 mL/L.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk kascing dan bioaktivator memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, berat basah tanaman, dan berat kering tanaman dibandingkan dengan tanpa pemberian kascing dan bioaktivator. Dosis pupuk kascing 5 ton/ha tanpa bioaktivator merupakan dosis yang dianjurkan karena memberikan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, berat basah, dan berat kering yang sama dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya yang diberi pupuk kascing dan bioaktivator pada dosis yang lebih tinggi.Kata kunci: Pupuk Kascing, Bioaktivator, Tanaman Sawi, Budidaya Organik  Abstract: Brown mustard yield can be increased based on organic farming. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of vermine compost dose and bioactivactor application on the growth and yield of brown mustard.  The experimental design used Randomized Block Design. There were nine treatments: without vermi manure and without bioactivator; vermi manure 5 ton/ha and without bioactivator; vermi manure 5 ton/ha and bioactivator 4 mL/L; vermi manure 10 ton/ha and without bioactivator; vermi manure 10 ton/ha and bioactivator 4 mL/L; vermi manure 15 ton/ha and without bioactivator; vermi manure 15 ton/ha and bioactivator 4 mL/L; vermi manure 20 ton/ha and without biactivator; and vermi manure 20 ton/ha and bioactivator 4 mL/L; with four replications.  The results of experiment showed that all dosages of vermi manure fertilizer and bioactivator increased the plant height, number of leaves, and biomass of plant. Dosage 5 ton/ha vermi manure without biactivator gave the best result on biomass of plant.Keywords: Vermi Manure, Bioactivator, Mustard Green, Organic Farming
Juventud y movimientos sociales: reflexiones sobre la Generación Glocal latinoamericana
Authors: Ramírez Varela Francisco
Published: March 2020

La juventud ha tendido ha ser caracterizada mediante aspectos que se atribuyen a una generación producto de los procesos culturales e históricos que vive un grupo etario determinado pero sin atender a sus elementos distintivos. En América Latina, muchas de estas distinciones fueron cruzadas por elementos sociohistóricos, entre los que destaca la influencia de los movimientos sociales. En este artículo, el autor propone que la generación actual no es una excepción: en la segunda década del siglo XXI, los/as jóvenes se caracterizan por incorporar en sus movimientos sociales una ciudadanía y una cultura de lo global atravesadas por una perspectiva local, con énfasis en los elementos de socialización y de participación virtual que deben considerase para entender esta Generación Glocal.