bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Toward Sustainable Development: The Causes and Consequences of Organizational Innovation
Authors: Chuang Li-Min , Lee Yu-Po
Published: May 2023

As society continues to evolve, environmental contextual factors continue to change. The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between organizational innovation and individual, organizational, and environmental context variables, as well as the impact of organizational innovation on the performance of an organization. This study will investigate the incorporation of relevant aspects of environment, society, and governance into organizational innovation, and investigate its influencing factors on innovation. The information electronics industry based at Hsinchu Science Park was selected to gather data for this study. Overall, the number of valid questionnaires recovered was 138, with an effective recovery rate of 45.25% (138/305). The findings of this study are in support of environmental and organizational variables having the largest explanatory power for organizational innovation, while individual creativity was found to have less of a correlation with organizational innovation. This study has expanded and continued to make breakthroughs and contributions in studies on ESG and sustainability-oriented organizational innovation.
Three Convergence Results for Inexact Iterates of Uniformly Locally Nonexpansive Mappings
Authors: Reich Simeon , Zaslavski Alexander J.
Published: May 2023

In 2006, together with D. Butnariu, we showed that if all iterates of a nonexpansive self-mapping of a complete metric space converge, then all its inexact iterates with summable computational errors converge too. In a recent paper of ours, we have extended this result to uniformly locally nonexpansive self-mappings of a complete metric space. In the present paper, we establish analogous results for uniformly locally nonexpansive mappings which take a nonempty closed subset of a complete metric space into the space. In the particular case of a Banach space, if the operator is symmetric, then the set of all limit points of its iterates is also symmetric.
Exploring the Benefits and Drawbacks of AR and VR Technologies for Learners of Mathematics: Recent Developments
Authors: Cevikbas Mustafa , Bulut Neslihan , Kaiser Gabriele
Published: May 2023

Despite the growing interest in the field, the overall impact of augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) on mathematics learning remains unclear, with previous studies reporting mixed results. Moreover, to date, no systematic review has evaluated the potential of AR/VR in mathematics education, including its benefits and drawbacks for learners. To address this gap, the present systematic literature review aims to identify research trends, determine characteristics and methodologies, and explore the potential benefits and drawbacks of AR/VR technologies in mathematics learning based on existing empirical studies. In accordance with the PRISMA guidelines, we analyzed 59 peer-reviewed journal articles published in English that focused on AR/VR implementation in mathematics education. The review determined that geometry was the most widely studied topic of mathematics, with several studies focusing on the use of AR/VR to assist students with learning disabilities. The present review offers evidence for the potential of AR/VR potential in consolidating learners’ socio-emotional, cognitive/meta-cognitive, and pedagogical development in mathematics learning. Nevertheless, a few issues, including technological glitches, cost, start-up effort, health issues, and unfamiliarity with AR/VR, pose challenges to the successful application of AR/VR in the classroom. This systematic review contributes to the existing body of knowledge in the field and recommends avenues for future research.
Use of System Dynamics Modelling for Evidence-Based Decision Making in Public Health Practice
Authors: George Abraham , Badrinath Padmanabhan , Lacey Peter , Harwood Chris , Gray Alex , Turner Paul , Springer Davinia
Published: May 2023

In public health, the routine use of linear forecasting, which restricts our ability to understand the combined effects of different interventions, demographic changes and wider health determinants, and the lack of reliable estimates for intervention impacts have limited our ability to effectively model population needs. Hence, we adopted system dynamics modelling to forecast health and care needs, assuming no change in population behaviour or determinants, then generated a “Better Health” scenario to simulate the combined impact of thirteen interventions across cohorts defined by age groups and diagnosable conditions, including “no conditions”. Risk factors for the incidence of single conditions, progression toward complex needs and levels of morbidity including frailty were used to create the dynamics of the model. Incidence, prevalence and mortality for each cohort were projected over 25 years with “do nothing” and “Better Health” scenarios. The size of the “no conditions” cohort increased, and the other cohorts decreased in size. The impact of the interventions on life expectancy at birth and healthy life expectancy is significant, adding 5.1 and 5.0 years, respectively. We demonstrate the feasibility, applicability and utility of using system dynamics modelling to develop a robust case for change to invest in prevention that is acceptable to wider partners.
Correction: Cabrera et al. Distinctions Organize Information in Mind and Nature: Empirical Findings of Identity-Other Distinctions (D) in Cognitive and Material Complexity. Systems 2022, 10, 41
Authors: Cabrera Derek , Cabrera Laura , Cabrera Elena
Published: May 2023

In the original publication [...]
Maternal Serum, Cord and Human Milk Levels of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS), Association with Predictors and Effect on Newborn Anthropometry
Authors: Mahfouz Maya , Harmouche-Karaki Mireille , Matta Joseph , Mahfouz Yara , Salameh Pascale , Younes Hassan , Helou Khalil , Finan Ramzi , Abi-Tayeh Georges , Meslimani Mohamad , Moussa Ghada , Chahrour Nada , Osseiran Camille , Skaiki Farouk , Narbonne Jean-François
Published: May 2023

Background: The understanding of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) health effects is rapidly advancing among critical populations. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess PFAS serum levels among Lebanese pregnant women, cord serum and human milk levels, their determinants, and effects on newborn anthropometry. Methods: We measured concentrations of six PFAS (PFHpA, PFOA, PFHxS, PFOS, PFNA and PFDA) using liquid chromatography MS/MS for 419 participants, of which 269 had sociodemographic, anthropometric, environmental and dietary information. Results: The percentage of detection for PFHpA, PFOA, PFHxS and PFOS was 36.3–37.7%. PFOA and PFOS levels (95th percentile) were higher than HBM-I and HBM-II values. While PFAS were not detected in cord serum, five compounds were detected in human milk. Multivariate regression showed that fish/shellfish consumption, vicinity to illegal incineration and higher educational level were associated with an almost twice higher risk of elevated PFHpA, PFOA, PFHxS and PFOS serum levels. Higher PFAS levels in human milk were observed with higher eggs and dairy products consumption, in addition to tap water (preliminary findings). Higher PFHpA was significantly associated with lower newborn weight-for-length Z-score at birth. Conclusions: Findings establish the need for further studies, and urgent action to reduce exposure among subgroups with higher PFAS levels.
Increasing the Passive Range of Joint Motion in Stroke Patients Using Botulinum Toxin: The Role of Pain Relief
Authors: Trompetto Carlo , Marinelli Lucio , Mori Laura , Bragazzi Nicola , Maggi Giulia , Cotellessa Filippo , Puce Luca , Vestito Lucilla , Molteni Franco , Gasperini Giulio , Farina Nico , Bissolotti Luciano , Sciarrini Francesco , Millevolte Marzia , Balestrieri Fabrizio , Restivo Domenico Antonio , Chisari Carmelo , Santamato Andrea , Del Felice Alessandra , Manganotti Paolo , Serrati Carlo , Currà Antonio
Published: May 2023

By blocking the release of neurotransmitters, botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) is an effective treatment for muscle over-activity and pain in stroke patients. BoNT-A has also been reported to increase passive range of motion (p-ROM), the decrease of which is mainly due to muscle shortening (i.e., muscle contracture). Although the mechanism of action of BoNT-A on p-ROM is far from understood, pain relief may be hypothesized to play a role. To test this hypothesis, a retrospective investigation of p-ROM and pain was conducted in post-stroke patients treated with BoNT-A for upper limb hypertonia. Among 70 stroke patients enrolled in the study, muscle tone (Modified Ashworth Scale), pathological postures, p-ROM, and pain during p-ROM assessment (Numeric Rating Scale, NRS) were investigated in elbow flexors (48 patients) and in finger flexors (64 patients), just before and 3–6 weeks after BoNT-A treatment. Before BoNT-A treatment, pathological postures of elbow flexion were found in all patients but one. A decreased elbow p-ROM was found in 18 patients (38%). Patients with decreased p-ROM had higher pain-NRS scores (5.08 ± 1.96, with a pain score ≥8 in 11% of cases) than patients with normal p-ROM (0.57 ± 1.36) (p < 0.001). Similarly, pathological postures of finger flexion were found in all patients but two. A decreased finger p-ROM was found in 14 patients (22%). Pain was more intense in the 14 patients with decreased p-ROM (8.43 ± 1.74, with a pain score ≥ 8 in 86% of cases) than in the 50 patients with normal p-ROM (0.98 ± 1.89) (p < 0.001). After BoNT-A treatment, muscle tone, pathological postures, and pain decreased in both elbow and finger flexors. In contrast, p-ROM increased only in finger flexors. The study discusses that pain plays a pivotal role in the increase in p-ROM observed after BoNT-A treatment.
Harmful Algae Impacting Aquatic Organisms: Recent Field and Laboratory Observations
Authors: Dorantes-Aranda Juan José
Published: May 2023

Algal blooms formed by some phytoplankton species can produce toxins or alter environmental conditions that can affect aquatic organisms and water quality, with impacts on the aquaculture and fisheries industries that can pose a risk to public health [...]
Analysis of Pre-Earthquake Ionospheric Anomalies in the Japanese Region Based on DEMETER Satellite Data
Authors: Lu Jingming , Hu Yaogai , Jiang Chunhua , Zhao Zhengyu , Zhang Yuannong , Ma Zhengzheng
Published: May 2023

The electron density (Ne), ion density (Ni), and electron temperature (Te) statistics recorded by the DEMETER satellite payload ISL (Instrument Sonde de Langmuir) were used to study the disturbance characteristics of the ionosphere before solid earthquakes of magnitude 6 or higher in Japan during the summer of 2005–2009, to provide more information and methods for the coupling mechanism and short-range earthquake prediction. In this paper, the region of ±10° of the epicenter is divided into 1°×1° pixels, and the background field of each parameter is constructed using data without earthquakes and relatively calm space weather. We also define a measure of the perturbation intensity of ionospheric parameters relative to the background field during the occurrence of earthquakes. The analysis results of the four Japanese earthquakes from space and time show an excellent synchronization in the time and area of the anomalies in ionospheric parameters of the four cases. All four instances showed Ne abnormalities, and three showed Ni and Te anomalies, in which Ne and Ni increased or decreased abnormally, while Te increased abnormally every time, and the anomalies mainly occurred about 9–12 days before the earthquake. This paper eliminates the influence of solar, geomagnetic, and satellite data defects on the experimental results as much as possible in data screening and method selection. The results partially agree with the conclusions reported in the existing literature, and the obtained anomalies are somewhat related to the ionospheric precursors of earthquakes.
Aurora Classification in All-Sky Images via CNN–Transformer
Authors: Lian Jian , Liu Tianyu , Zhou Yanan
Published: May 2023

An aurora is a unique geophysical phenomenon with polar characteristics that can be directly observed with the naked eye. It is the most concentrated manifestation of solar–terrestrial physical processes (especially magnetospheric–ionospheric interactions) in polar regions and is also the best window for studying solar storms. Due to the rich morphological information in aurora images, people are paying more and more attention to studying aurora phenomena from the perspective of images. Recently, some machine learning and deep learning methods have been applied to this field and have achieved preliminary results. However, due to the limitations of these learning models, they still need to meet the requirements for the classification and prediction of auroral images regarding recognition accuracy. In order to solve this problem, this study introduces a convolutional neural network transformer solution based on vision transformers. Comparative experiments show that the proposed method can effectively improve the accuracy of aurora image classification, and its performance has exceeded that of state-of-the-art deep learning methods. The experimental results show that the algorithm presented in this study is an effective instrument for classifying auroral images and can provide practical assistance for related research.
Functional Integrals in Geometric Approach to Quantum Theory
Authors: Frolov Igor , Schwarz Albert
Published: May 2023

In quantum mechanics, one can express the evolution operator and other quantities in terms of functional integrals. The main goal of this paper is to prove corresponding results in geometric approach to quantum theory. We apply these results to the formalism of L-functionals.
Current Situation of Bacterial Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles in Pet Rabbits in Spain
Authors: Fernández Mercedes , Garcias Biel , Duran Inma , Molina-López Rafael A. , Darwich Laila
Published: May 2023

Research on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in pet rabbits is very scarce. The aim of this study was to provide an overview of the current state of AMR in rabbits attended to in veterinary clinics distributed in Spain. Records of 3596 microbiological results of clinical cases submitted from 2010 to 2021 were analyzed. Staphylococcus spp. (15.8%), Pseudomonas spp. (12.7%), Pasteurella spp. (10%), Bordetella spp. (9.6%) and Streptococcus spp. (6.8%) were the most frequently diagnosed agents. Enterobacteriaceae, principally Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter cloacae, accounted for about 18% of the cases and showed the highest proportion of multi-drug resistance (MDR) isolates, with 48%, 57.5% and 36% of MDR, respectively. Regarding the antimicrobial susceptibility testing for a number of antimicrobial categories/families, the largest proportion of isolates showing resistance to a median of five antimicrobial categories was observed in P. aeruginosa, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Burkolderia spp. In contrast, infections caused by Staphylococcus, Streptococcus spp. and Pasteurella multocida were highly sensitive to conventional antimicrobials authorized for veterinary use (categories D and C). The emergence of AMR major nosocomial opportunistic pathogens such as P. aeruginosa, S. maltophilia and K. pneumoniae in pet rabbits can represent a serious public health challenge. Consequently, collaboration between veterinarians and human health professionals is crucial in the fight against antimicrobial resistance, to optimize, rationalize and prudently use antimicrobial therapies in domestic animals and humans.
Portovenography Findings Following Partial Polypropylene Versus Thin Film Band Attenuation of a Single Congenital Extrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt: A Prospective Randomized Study in Dogs
Authors: Lipscomb Victoria , Tivers Mickey , Kummeling Anne , van Sluijs Freek
Published: May 2023

The objective was to conduct a prospective, randomized study to compare mesenteric portovenogram findings following partial polypropylene suture versus thin film band extrahepatic portosystemic shunt attenuation in dogs. Dogs with extrahepatic portosystemic shunts that could not tolerate complete acute shunt closure received a partial attenuation with either a polypropylene suture or synthetic polymer thin film band. At a routine second surgery three months after shunt patency, missed shunt branches and/or development of multiple acquired shunts were assessed using intra-operative mesenteric portovenography. Twenty-four dogs were enrolled, 12 received partial polypropylene suture ligation, and 12 received partial thin film band shunt attenuation. Intra-operative mesenteric portovenography three months later demonstrated that nine dogs (75%) in the thin film band group had achieved complete shunt closure versus two dogs (16.7%) in the polypropylene suture group, which was significantly different (p = 0.004). No dogs in the polypropylene suture group and two dogs (16.7%) in the thin film band group developed multiple acquired shunts. This is the first study directly comparing follow-up intra-operative mesenteric portovenography imaging findings between two methods of partial portosystemic shunt attenuation in dogs. The study provides accurate information on the rates of complete anatomical shunt closure and development of multiple acquired shunts following partial shunt attenuation with either synthetic polymer thin film band or polypropylene suture.
Lignocellulose-Based Biosorbents for the Removal of Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs) from Water: A Review
Authors: Vasić Vesna , Kukić Dragana , Šćiban Marina , Đurišić-Mladenović Nataša , Velić Natalija , Pajin Biljana , Crespo João , Farre Marinella , Šereš Zita
Published: May 2023

Contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) are chemicals or materials that are not under current regulation but there are increasing concerns about their possible occurrence in the environment because of their potential threat to human and environmental health, with wastewater perceived as their primary source. Although various techniques for their removal from water have been studied, it should be emphasized that the choice should also consider the use of resources and energy within the removal processes, which must be minimized to avoid additional carbon footprints and environmental impact. In this context, the use of biomass-based sorbents might represent a cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach for the removal of CECs from water because they are based on preferably local renewable resources with lower negative impacts on the global carbon cycle through greenhouse gas emissions than the conventional nonrenewable ones. This paper provides an overview of the studies dealing with the application of such so-called biosorbents for the removal of CECs from water and discusses the use of their different forms: sorbents after a minimal pretreatment of the original lignocellulosic biomass; sorbents extracted from lignocellulosic biomass and/or modified; and biochar-based sorbents obtained after thermochemical conversion of biomass. It explains possible modifications of biosorbents and discusses the efficiency of various biosorbents for the removal of selected emerging compounds that belong to the classes of pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and pesticides and compares the adsorption capacities, kinetic models, and mechanisms reported in the relevant literature. Biochar-based sorption has been studied more often if compared to other considered biosorbents. In some cases, removal efficiencies of contaminants greater than 90% were achieved, but nonetheless a wide range of efficiencies for different CECs indicates that for successful simultaneous multicompound removal, a combination of different processes seems to be a more appropriate approach than the stand-alone use of biosorbents. Finally, this review discusses the reasons behind the limited commercial application of the considered biosorbents and provides directions for possible further research, in particular the use of spent biosorbents from a perspective of circular systems.
Reuse of Pretreated Agro-Industrial Wastewaters for Hydroponic Production of Lettuce
Authors: Afonso Alexandra , Regato Mariana , Patanita Mariana , Luz Silvana , Carvalho Maria João , Fernandes Annabel , Lopes Ana , Almeida Adelaide , Costa Idália , Carvalho Fátima
Published: May 2023

The utilization of agro-industrial wastewaters (AIWWs), pretreated by immediate one-step lime precipitation + natural carbonation, as a nutritive solution for the hydroponic production of lettuce was evaluated. The AIWWs studied were olive mill wastewater (OMW), winery wastewater (WW), and cheese whey wastewater (CWW). Lettuces (Lactuca sativa L. var. crispa) were grown in a closed nutrient film technique hydroponic system, using the pretreated AIWWs (OMW-T, WW-T, and CWW-T) and a control nutrient solution (CNS). The growth and sensory analysis of lettuces and the environmental parameters of effluents after hydroponics were evaluated. The average number of lettuce leaves obtained with nutrient solutions prepared with AIWW-T was lower than that from CNS, but the highest lettuce chlorophyll content was attained with CWW-T, which also presented the best grow results. In general, sensory analysis did not show significant differences from the lettuces grown in the different pretreated AIWWs and CNS. As for the environmental parameters of the effluents from hydroponics, according to the Portuguese legislation, only the chemical oxygen demand of the OMW-T and WW-T presented slightly higher values than that of the environmental limit values for discharge in surface waters, showing the feasibility of using pretreated agro-industrial effluents in hydroponic lettuce cultivation, while obtaining a treated effluent, in a circular economy perspective.
A Fundamental Study on the Extraction of Particulate Organic Carbon from Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants
Authors: Askari Lasaki Behnam , Maurer Peter , Schönberger Harald
Published: May 2023

In line with the strategy of transforming existing municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) from disposal facilities into systems for using domestic wastewater (WW) as a source of energy and raw materials, a concept consisting of chemical, physical, and biological steps has been set up as a pilot project in WWTP Büsnau, Stuttgart, Germany. The key part of the entire process is based on the use of advanced microsieving (MS) to eliminate remaining particulate organic carbon (POC) (mg/L) from the effluent of the primary sedimentation tank (PST). Therefore, in the primary stages of this project, it was necessary to have a broad vision and a true understanding of the particle size distribution (PSD) of municipal WW. As a novel approach, in the present study, the conventional PSD method was optimized by implementing certain modifications, and the tests were conducted in situ. The modified PSD analyses facilitated in-depth investigations of solid–liquid separation at WWTPs and showed that drying samples in the oven can result in a 20% to 30% deviation in the POC (mg/L) removal results. In addition, the idea of the substitution of PSTs with an MS was supported by the results of this study. It was determined that an MS with a pore size of 45 µm to 63 µm can provide the same elimination efficiency as a PST. Another significant outcome of this study was the introduction of suitable mesh sizes for the MS which were coupled with PST in order to extract the maximum amount of POC (mg/L) from the municipal WWTPs without the addition of any chemicals. The results revealed that up to 90% of the TSS (mg/L) and 70% of the COD (mg/L) can be removed if an MS with a mesh size between 4 µm and 20 µm is coupled with a PST.
Human Health Risk and Quality Assessment of Spring Water Associated with Nitrates, Potentially Toxic Elements, and Fecal Coliforms: A Case from Southern Mexico
Authors: Colín Carreño Manuel Alejandro , Esquivel Martínez Juan Manuel , Salcedo Sánchez Edith Rosalba , Álvarez Bastida Carolina , Padilla Serrato Jesús Guadalupe , Lopezaraiza Mikel Martha Elena , Talavera Mendoza Óscar
Published: May 2023

Spring water is important for human consumption, domestic use, agricultural activities, and ecotourism in the Buenavista de Cuéllar Aquifer (ABC), southern Mexico. The objective of this research was to assess the health risk from fecal coliforms, as well as the non-carcinogenic risk to human health for different age groups, by studying the oral and dermal routes. The analysis of the cartography of high-priority springs (the result of Multicriteria Evaluation (MCE)), access routes, and knowledge of the areas with high social insecurity risk enabled the selection of 20 springs to be sampled. In situ parameters were measured, major ions, fecal coliforms, and Potentially Toxic Elements (PTE). The non-carcinogenic health risk results indicated a higher risk by the oral route in children (average Hazard index (HI) value of 0.6371) and a higher risk by the dermal route in adults (average HI value of 1.2378). The highest dermal risks are in the south-southeast of the study area. On the other hand, the assessment of health risks due to fecal coliforms resulted in a medium risk for the dry season and a high risk for the rainy season. The results of this research will serve as a key reference for the management and protection of springs in order to preserve human health.
Application of a Fluorescence-Based Instrument Prototype for Chlorophyll Measurements and Its Utility in an Herbicide Algal Ecotoxicity Assay
Authors: Lázár Diána , Takács Eszter , Mörtl Mária , Klátyik Szandra , Barócsi Attila , Kocsányi László , Lenk Sándor , Domján László , Szarvas Gábor , Lengyel Edina , Székács András
Published: May 2023

Project Aquafluosense was designed to develop prototypes for a modular fluorescence-based instrumental setup for in situ measurement of major water quality parameters. A fluorometer was developed for algal density estimation based on the fluorescent excitation of chlorophyll. The appropriate type of sample holder microplate was determined, along with the need for dark acclimation, prior to the measurements during the instrument’s development. Model species of green (Raphidocelis subcapitata) and blue-green alga (Microcystis aeruginosa) were applied in forms of pure monocultures and their mixtures, and improved analytical limits of detection were achieved (3.70 × 103 cell/mL and 1.13 × 105 for R. subcapitata and M. aeruginosa, respectively). The fluorescence-based determination of algal density was validated by conventional methods, such as cell counting in a Bürker chamber, optical density measurement, and chlorophyll extraction with ethanol. The signals obtained by the fluorometer correlated well with the conventional methods. Pearson r coefficients (applied where the correlation was linear) were ≥0.988 and Spearman ρ coefficients (applied where the correlation was not linear) were >0.976, indicating a strong and positive correlation. The applicability of the developed fluorometer was demonstrated in a growth inhibition ecotoxicity assay on R. subcapitata using the herbicide active ingredient isoxaflutole. During the assay, light intensity (continuous, 104.9 ± 14.9 µE/m2/s), temperature (22 ± 2 °C), pH of algal media (pH = 6–7 for Zehnder and Allen media, as well), and intensity of stirring (continuous, 100 rpm) were controlled. The results indicated that the FluoroMeter Module is applicable for screening algal toxicity: the observed ratio of fluorescence decrease determined by fluorescence induction provided significantly lower toxicity values (EC50: 0.015 ± 0.001 µg/mL) compared to values determined by the optical density (EC50: 0.034 ± 0.004 µg/mL) and chlorophyll a content (EC50: 0.033 ± 0.000 µg/mL).
Analysis of the Specific Energy Consumption of Battery-Driven Electrical Buses for Heating and Cooling in Dependence on the Technical Equipment and Operating Conditions
Authors: Heß Louis , Dimova Daniela , Piechalski Jakub Wit , Rusche Stefan , Best Pascal , Sonnekalb Michael
Published: May 2023

This paper analyzes methods of heating battery-driven electrical buses. The examined buses were two identical airport transport buses and two buses used in local transportation. To heat the first buses, an electrical water heater with a heating capacity of 20 kW, and for air conditioning, a rooftop air conditioner with a cooling capacity of 20.6 kW was installed. Climate control in the city buses was achieved using an R744 heat pump with a cooling capacity of 25 kW and a heating capacity between 14 and 21 kW, along with an electrical water heater with a capacity of 32 kW. During the project, the measurement data of the buses described above were taken for a full year and evaluated. The analysis of the measurement data brought insights into the specific electrical energy consumption of climate control in the buses in real operating conditions at outdoor temperatures between 2 °C and 36 °C. The results of this project additionally provide information on the optimization potential for the climate control of buses.
Understanding the Role of Leisure in Portuguese Adolescent Wellbeing Experience
Authors: Caldwell Linda , Freire Teresa
Published: May 2023

Because adolescent leisure is important to development, we consider its role in Portuguese adolescent wellbeing. Data for this study came from 303 adolescents in grades 10, 11, and 12 living in a large urban area in northern Portugal. Self-report data were collected in classrooms using a cross-sectional design in two urban high schools. Hypothesis testing used seven hierarchical linear regression models. Except for subjective happiness, experiencing boredom in leisure and/or the ability to make a boring situation more interesting were strong predictors of each wellbeing experience in the predicted direction. Perceptions of healthy leisure were associated with higher levels of life satisfaction, subjective happiness, self-esteem, and positive affect. Active leisure was important to adolescent self efficacy and positive affect. Those who could restructure a boring situation into something more interesting exhibited higher levels of wellbeing experience. Adolescents who perceived parental autonomy control were more likely to experience boredom in leisure.
ON THE FORMATION OF A METHODOLOGY FOR OPTIMIZING THE PLANNING OF CAPITAL REPAIRS OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS AT THE STAGES OF OPERATION AND REPAIR
Authors: Merkulov S. , Esipov S. , Golikov G.
Published: May 2023

The sources available for research and analysis, including the current regulatory documents, contain a number of methods for determining and accounting for the physical wear of buildings and structures, however, many of them either contain too average data or contradict each other. This article discusses the developed approach to assessing the physical deterioration of residential buildings in terms of the frequency of restoration measures and major repairs. The necessity of improving the approach to monitoring the technical condition of residential buildings in order to optimize the costs of maintaining a working condition is described. The cases of various options for the application of decision-making policy in the field of operation of residential buildings are considered. A method for determining the dependence of the physical wear of a building on the service life is proposed. The cost of performing restoration work based on experimental data is estimated. The characteristic sections of the dependence curve "service life – physical wear" are determined with the analysis of factors and prerequisites for making managerial decisions regarding the capital construction object. Mathematical modeling is performed based on the data obtained. This allows developing recommendations regarding the timing and scope of restoration work during repairs at the operational stage.
Remarkable Wear Resistance in a Complex Concentrated Alloy with Nanohierarchical Architecture and Composition Undulation
Authors: Geng Yushan , Chen Wenyuan , Tan Hui , Cheng Jun , Zhu Shengyu , Yang Jun , Liu Weimin
Published: May 2023

Sustained wear damages on the sliding surfaces of alloys are generally the culprit responsible for the failure of various mechanical systems. Inspired by high-entropy effects, here we deliberately deploy nanohierarchical architecture with composition undulation in a Ni
50
(AlNbTiV)
50
complex concentrated alloy, which yields ultralow wear rate within the order of 10
−7
to 10
−6
mm
3
/Nm between room temperature and 800 °C. Such remarkable wear resistance heretofore represents one of the highest wear resistance reported for the bulk alloys or composites, and originates from the multi-type adaptive friction interface protection governed by intrinsically nano-coupled grains and nanoprecipitates. This cooperative heterostructure releases gradient frictional stress in stages upon wear at room temperature through the coexistence of multiple deformation pathways while activating a dense nanocrystalline glaze layer upon wear at 800 °C to minimize adhesive and oxidative wear. Our work uncovers a practical avenue for tailoring wear properties with multicomponent heterostructures over a wide temperature range.
A Typology of Civil Society: Type of discourse and Practice of public interest action
Authors:   The Korean Association 0f Ngo Studies, Cho Chulmin
Published: May 2023

This study construct a typological framework from the viewpoint of public interest actions as a cognitive tool to comprehensively and systematically figure out the flow and current situation of Korean civil society. Through the review of theoretical resources, it was discerned two key issues that are important to the typology of civil society from the perspective of public interest actions; ‘relationships’ between civil society and other realms, and ‘roles’ performed by civil society. While considering the main factors affecting the discourse and practice of public interest actions in civil society, a typological framework was constructed using two dimensions, the relationship and role of civil society, which contain different perspectives. Regarding relationships, the view that civil society should actively ‘involved’ in other areas such as government and market, versus the view that it should establish an ‘independent’ area from other areas; Regarding roles, the view of ‘conflictive’ that raise issues and pursue social changes, versus the view of ‘functional’ that complements roles are distinguished from roles of government and market. Then, by crossing two dimensions, set four type sub-sector of civil society: ‘opposition’ (involvement-conflict), ‘autonomy’ (independence-conflict), ‘charity’ (independence-function), and ‘resolution’ (involvement-function), and looked at researches and discourses on each sub-sectors. Finally, In order to verify whether the typological framework can adequately explain related phenomena, I applied this framework to the historical practice of civil society and public interest actions in Korea. As a result of the discussion, this typological framework is verified to have an explanatory power about the discourse and situation of civil society and public interest actions in Korea.
A Study on the Perception of Educational Officials and Experts on the Revitalization of the Original City School
Authors:   The Korean Association 0f Ngo Studies, Lee Dong Eun
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze how school education subjects and related groups recognize the original city school and what its meaning is in relation to the original city school revitalization plan. In addition, it is to explore what factors can affect the revitalization of the original city center school. The opinions of school officials and experts were collected through a group interview format, and the results were examined based on the qualitative data analysis method.
As a result of the study, the first problem facing the original downtown school in Happy City is that the phenomenon of ‘the poor and the poor’ is occurring by misclassifying the support area. The wrong regional classification also caused problems in granting additional points for promotion to teachers, making it difficult to secure excellent teachers in the original city center school. Second, another problem in the original downtown area of Happy City is that the educational environment is being damaged due to the revitalization of the tourism industry. In order to revitalize the original city school, the educational subjects in the school must first be able to voluntarily promote the project. In order to promote the school revitalization project, at least three teachers, including the principal, must be provided with conditions for continuous power. In addition, in the case of Happiness City, rural areas problem should be solved preferentially because these areas where promotion additional points are given are incorrectly selected. It is necessary to secure the conditions for devotional teachers to continue working in the original city school. Finally, in order for the original city school to be activated, it is necessary to be able to organize and implement effective programs suitable for the original city school. Considering that the proportion of students with poor family circumstances is high, education and welfare programs should be strengthened in original city schools than in other schools.
Sağlık İnanç Modeli’ne Dayalı Acil Durum Afetlere Bireysel Hazırlık ve Bunları Etkileyen Faktörler
Authors: ARSLANOĞLU Ali , ERDOĞAN Mustafa , DÜDÜKCÜ Yalçın , KEÇELİ Serdal
Published: May 2023

Çalışmanın amacı daha önce afet yaşamış kişilerin Sağlık İnanç Modeline göre acil durum/afet bilinci ve algılarına etki eden faktörlerin belirlenmesidir. Bu çalışma tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipte planlanmıştır. Veriler, araştırmacılar tarafından literatür taraması yapılarak, Sağlık İnanç Modeli’ ne dayalı alt faktörlerin tanımlanması ile oluşturulan anketlerle elde edilmiştir. Araştırmanın evrenini Kocaeli/Gölcük ilçesinde yaşayan 25.000 kişi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada örneklem seçiminde tabakalı örneklem metodu kullanılmıştır. Örneklem tespitinde Kocaeli Gölcük ilçesinde özellikle 1999 yılında yıkımın fazla olduğu merkez mahallelerde yaşayanlar çalışma kapsamına alınmıştır. Bu kapsamda hazırlanan anket katılımcıların sosyo-demografik özellikleri ile ilgili 14 soru ve Sağlık İnanç Modeli 33 maddesinden oluşmaktadır. Anketlerde verilen cevapların farklılık gösterip göstermediğini belirlemek amacıyla t testi ve tek yönlü ANOVA testi uygulanmıştır. Alt boyutlar arasındaki ilişkiyi görmek içinde Kolerasyon testi uygulanmıştır. Araştırmaya katılanların %62,9’unun erkek olduğu, %70,8’inin evli olduğu, %28,1’inin 26-33 yaş aralığında olduğu, %34,2’nin lise mezunu olduğu, %61,8’inin kamu çalışanı olduğu, %58,5’inin daha önce afet yaşadığı, %53,1’inin 17 Ağustos 1999 Marmara Depremini yaşamadığı, %71’inin acil durum/afetlere hazırlıklı olmadığı, %87,9’unun bireysel acil durum/afet çantasının olduğu, %50,4’ünün acil durumlar/afetler konusunda eğitim almadığı, %54,5’inin ilk yardım eğitimi almadığı, %83,3’ünün temel afet bilinci eğitimi almadığı, %97,1’inin toplum afet gönüllüsü eğitimi almadığı son olarak %4,7 sinin diğer eğitimleri aldığı görülmektedir. Öz yeterlilik ile eyleme geçiriciler arasında İstatistiksel olarak anlamlı, pozitif, doğrusal ve orta düzey bir ilişki vardır. Öz yeterlilik ile algılanan engeller arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı, pozitif, doğrusal ve çok zayıf bir ilişki vardır. Genel olarak bakıldığında, daha önce acil durumlar ve afetler ile doğrudan veya dolaylı şekilde bu durumu yaşamış ya da duyduklarından dolayı endişe ve korkuya kapılmış, böyle bir durumla bir daha karşı karşıya gelmemeyi isteyen ve bunu istese de bunun kaçınılmaz bir gerçek olduğunun farkında olan çalışanlar, kendilerini afet bilinçlerini, duyarlılıklarını, algıladıkları engelleri ve yararlarını, eyleme geçirici ve öz yeterlilik algılarını böylesi durumlara hazır hale getirmişlerdir.
ÇEVRESEL, SOSYAL VE KURUMSAL YÖNETİŞİM (ESG) DEĞERLERİNİN BANKA PERFORMANSI ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ: ABD BANKALARI ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: ÇETENAK Emin Hüseyin , AYTAÇ Aytekin , YAĞLI İbrahim
Published: May 2023

Son yıllarda firmalar belirsiz iş ve piyasa koşullarının zorlukları ile daha kolay baş edebilmek ve paydaşlarının çeşitli taleplerini karşılamak amacıyla raporlama ve iş modelleri geliştirme konusunda yeni arayışlar içerisine girmiştir. Firmaların çevresel, sosyal ve yönetişim (Environmental, Social, and Corporate Governance - ESG) ile ilgili faaliyetlerinden hareketle kurumsal sürdürülebilirliği değerlendirmek için kullanılan bir ölçüt olan ESG skorları, bu ihtiyaca cevap olarak ortaya çıkmış ve günden güne tüm paydaşların finansal kararları üzerinde daha belirleyici olmaya başlamıştır. Ekonomik kalkınma ve küresel ekonominin finansal istikrarında en önemli aktörlerden biri olan bankalar sahip oldukları önem ve sorumluluk nedeniyle bu gelişmelerin dışında kalmamış, geçmiş bankacılık skandallarının da etkisiyle çevre koruma, sosyal katılım ve kurumsal yönetim çalışmalarına odaklanmıştır. Çalışmada, ABD’de faaliyet gösteren ticari bankaların ESG skorlarının finansal performans üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. 2016-2020 yılları arasında ABD’de faaliyet gösteren ve SIC kodu 6021 olan 183 ticari bankanın verilerinden yararlanılarak yapılan analizlerde ESG skorları ile bankaların aktif kârlılığı ve piyasa performansı arasında ters U şeklinde doğrusal olmayan ilişki olduğu, belirli bir ESG seviyesine kadar performansın pozitif daha sonra negatif etkilendiği sonucu elde edilmiştir.
Leadership development in initial teacher training
Authors: Martínez-Mena María M. , Rivera-Gutiérrez Erika , Higuera-Zimbrón Alejandro
Published: May 2023

This research focused on analyzing the development of the most relevant leadership competencies for the initial teacher training of future education professionals through a systematic review. The development and formation of leadership competencies in education is a relevant topic which must be investigated. Since the role of teachers is fundamental for the formative processes of the students, leadership competencies must be developed in their initial training. The training processes include both the knowledge that students must acquire according to the curriculum, as well as the development of skills that help them grow as individuals. The research problem focused on the need to develop leadership skills in the initial teacher training that allows them to perform comprehensively in their professional life in the field of education. The purpose was to analyze the development of the most relevant leadership competencies for the initial teacher training of future education professionals through a systematic review. It was demonstrated with this research that the competencies of leadership, communication, emotional intelligence and teamwork are the most relevant for initial teacher training. In addition, the contribution that the development of these competencies in the initial training of education graduates has on professional performance was confirmed.
Euskal Dialektologia FLV aldizkarian
Authors: Camino Iñaki
Published: May 2023

Euskal Dialektologiak Fontes Linguae Vasconum aldizkariaren hogeita hamazazpi urteetan gaindi izan duen agerpena iruzkindu dugu. Gaia nolabait banatu behar eta, euskalkien historia, Bonaparteren lan egiteko moldeak, jakintzagaiaren egungo egoera, Euskal Herria osorik hartzen duten dialektologia lanak, ikerlan supradialektalak edo eremu handikoak, eskualde azterketak, herri bateko euskararen azterketak, mintzo baten atal zenbaiten ikerketak, kartografia lanak, berri historikoak eta lekukotasun interesgarriak dakartzaten atalen errekapitulazioa egin dugu. Hondarrean idazki eta datu multzo dialektalen zerrenda zabala ekarri dugu. Euskal Dialektologia ez da oraino bere goihen gradora heldu, baina aldizkari honetako bereko lan zenbaitek erakusten dute hondarreko hogeita hamazazpi urteak ez direla debaldetan joan.
Hizkuntzaren jabekuntzaz Fontes-en
Authors: Zubiri Lujambio Juan Jose
Published: May 2023

Lantxo honetan Fontes aldizkarian hizkuntzaren jabekuntzari buruz jarduten duten artikuluen bilketa eta artikulu horiei buruzko laburpen-iruzkinak egiten dira. Guztira, gaiarekin loturiko bi artikulu oso besterik ez dira, eta beste artikulu batean, zeharka, ataltxo bat eskaintzen zaio jabekuntzaren atalari. Bi artikuluek eremu honetan oso garrantzitsuak diren beste hainbat gai jorratzen dituzte. Batak, hasteko, euskararen gramatikazko egiturak erabiltzen ez diren garaiko ezaugarriak nolakoak diren zehazten ditu, eta segidan, egiturak agertzen hasten direnean zein mailaketa jarraitzen duten azaltzen du, eta beste artikuluak, elebitasunarekin loturikoa honako hau, bi hizkuntza aldi berean ikasten dituzten haurren sistemak nahasten diren edo ez azaltzen du, aspaldiko hipotesi bat zalantzan paratuz. Azken lan honetan, zehazki esateko, euskararen eta gaztelaniaren izen sintagmaren jabekuntzaren azterketaren bidez frogatzen da ez direla bi sistemen arauak nahasten, hasiera-hasieratik haurrek bi hizkuntzen arauak bereizten dituztela.
Iragankortasunaren dinamikaz zubereran: kasu adierazpen bikoitzekiko baliobiko aditzen ikerketaren lehen etapa
Authors: "Battittu" Coyos Jean-Baptiste
Published: May 2023

Artikulu hau zubereraren baliobiko aditz zenbaiten ikerketa baten lehen etapa da, «kasu adierazpen bikoitzekiko baliobiko aditzak» deitzen direnak. Gaurregun bi edo era ezberdin gehiagoz eraikitzen dira, ber adiera izanik. Hola da, adibidez, behatü «entzun», mintzatü edo hasi aditzekin. Izan aditz laguntzailearekiko eraikuntzak adineko hiztunek erabiliagoak dira, alderantziz gazteek *edün aditz laguntzailearekiko eraikuntzak nahiago dituzte. Aditzak banan-banan aztertuz, joera hori egiaztatzeko da, jakinez eraikuntza bikoitz horietarik zenbait testu zaharretan ere aurki daitezkeela eta batzutan ber idazlearen testuetan.

Lehen begi-ukaldian, aditz horiek oro apalak dira iragankortasun eskaleran, jasalearen hunkipenaren irizpidea kontuan hartuz adibidez. Argitaratua den bilakaera hori barneko hizkuntza ekonomiaren eraginaren ondorioa izan daiteke, sinkronian bi aditz-eraikuntzak elkarrekin bizi direlakotz hizkuntza sisteman, edo eragilea bi hizkuntzen kontaktua izan daiteke, zuberotar hiztun denak euskara-frantses elebidunak baitira edo, eta hori da hipotesia ausartena, hizkuntzaz kanpoko zergatiak izan daitezke, bizimodu eta pentsamoldearen bilakaera bezalakoak non egilearen eginkizuna ez aktibo eta kontrolik gabeko aktantei hedatua den, eta, zergatik ez, irizpide horien elkarketa.
Sobre el origen latino-románico de riojano-navarro yasa y vasco jasa
Authors: Nieto Ballester Emilio
Published: May 2023

En este trabajo se estudia la voz yasa, jasa, chaz de significado ‘torrentera’, ‘crecida’, presente en un amplio territorio que abarca partes de Aragón, Navarra y La Rioja y que parece tener alguna relación con vasco jasa ‘lluvia fuerte’, ‘aguacero’. A diferencia de un trabajo publicado en esta misma revista (F. González Bachiller, “Navarro y riojano yasa, vasco jasa: ¿paleoeuropeo *isa / *aisa?”, FLV, 94, 2003, pp. 469-482) se propone para este sustantivo un origen total y absolutamente latino-románico a partir de lat. *iacium ‘cama’, ‘lecho’, ‘lugar de reposo’. Se aducen nuevos datos aragoneses, gascones y catalanes que parecen mostrar en esta dirección. La evolución fonética parece excluir que en Aragón, La Rioja y Navarra el término sea totalmente autóctono, sino que se trataría de un préstamo de un romance vecino, bien el gascón, bien el catalán, con más probabilidad de este último. Por último, el vasco jasa tendría también el mismo origen románico, sin que sea fácil precisar cuál de los romances en contacto con la lengua vasca ha sido el origen último del préstamo.