bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of the dynamics of heating anode units in a maskless nanolithograph based on an array of microfocus X-ray tubes
Authors: P. Yu. Glagolev  , G. D. Demin  , N. A. Djuzhev  , M. A. Makhiboroda  , N. A. Filippo
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we study the dynamics of heating the matrix of anode nodes membrane with a transmission-type target under the action of a field emission current generated in the electronic system of a maskless X-ray nanolithograph. The promising membrane materials that provide the most efficient heat removal from the matrix have been determined, among which diamond-like films have shown the best thermal stability. At the calculated power of soft X-ray radiation P_X=2.5 nW, scattered by a pixel with a size of 20 nm and an X-ray resist irradiation dose D=100 J/m2, the exposure time was 25 μs. It is shown that during the exposure of a 150 mm plate, a diamond-like anode membrane with a size of 300x300 elements heats up from 20 to 62oC, which is 15-25 times lower than the heating temperature of alternative anode materials (Cu, Fe, Ni, Si, Al). The technological route for the fabrication of the matrix of anode nodes is described, taking into account the proposed methods for optimizing its design, aimed at reducing the thermal effects of heating during X-ray nanolithography processes. The results obtained can be applied in the development of a thermostable system of microfocus X-ray tubes as part of a maskless X-ray nanolithograph. Keywords: X-ray nanolithography, microfocus X-ray tube, transmission-type target, matrix of anode nodes, electron bombardment heating, thermal expansion, Bosch-process.
Sexual Violence. Inadequate Reporting of a Silent Scourge in Secondary Schools in Cameroon
Authors: Tangwe Abraham Tamukum
Published: January 2023

The paper examined how boys and girls are affected by sexual violence in relation to their learning and foxed out of the study, how the learning of students is affected in schools by violence in Cameroon. Sexual violence is more often than not, linked to the female gender with the males always almost forgotten. The essence of the study is to investigate the effects of sexual violence on the learning abilities of students of both sexes in schools in the framework of global learning and in Cameroon. The study was conceived as an experimental group design with a cause-effect approach. The study used the quantitative approach with structured questionnaires that have been tested and validated through multinational and regional organizations and institutions. 924 students were randomly selected from eight secondary schools in one region of Cameroon. and used as the primary sample. Structured questionnaires were used to elicit data. The collected data was analysed using JAMOVI. The analysis was dependent on descriptive statistics. The study’s findings show high levels of sexual violence against both genders, with the males, more affected, by high levels of different forms of violence and poor school quality. This situation reduces schools to arenas of illicit sexual activities thereby compromising the learning and social justice for the students. In perspective, therefore, a lot of research needs to be undertaken to unravel such a teeming quagmire.
On Randić energy of graphs
Authors: Vaidya S. K. , Rathod G. K.
Published: January 2023

Let di be the degree of vertex vi of G then Randić matrix R(G) = [rij ] is defined as rij = 1/ √didj, if the vertices vi and vj are adjacent in G or rij = 0, otherwise. The Randić energy is the sum of absolute values of the eigenvalues of R(G). In this paper we have investigated Randić energy of m-Splitting and m-Shadow graphs. We also have constructed a sequence of graphs having same Randić energy.
A note on m-Zumkeller cordial labeling of graphs
Authors: Patodia Harish , Saikia Helen K.
Published: January 2023

Let G = (V,E) be a graph. An m-Zumkeller cordial labeling of the graph G is defined by an injective function f : V → N such that there exists an induced function f ∗ : E → {0, 1} defined by f ∗ (uv) = f (u) · f (v) that satisfies the following conditions- i. For every uv ∈ E, f ∗ (uv) = {█(1,if f (u) · f (v) is an m-Zumkeller number @ 0,otherwise )┤ ii. |ef ∗ (0) − ef∗ (1)| ≤ 1 where ef ∗ (0) and ef ∗ (1) denote the number of edges of the graph G having label 0 and 1 respectively under f ∗. In this paper we prove that there exist an m-Zumkeller cordial labeling of graphs in paths, cycles, comb graphs, ladder graphs, twig graphs, helm graphs, wheel graphs, crown graphs and star graphs.
Open global shadow graph and it’s zero forcing number
Authors: Raksha M. R. , Dominic Charles
Published: January 2023

Zero forcing number of a graph is the minimum cardinality of the zero forcing set. A zero forcing set is a set of black vertices of minimum cardinality that can colour the entire graph black using the color change rule: each vertex of G is coloured either white or black, and vertex v is a black vertex and can force a white neighbour only if it has one white neighbour. In this paper we identify a class of graph where the zero forcing number is equal to the minimum rank of the graph and call it as a new class of graph that is open global shadow graph”. Some of the basic properties of open global shadow graph are studied. The zero forcing number of open global shadow graph of a graph with upper and lower bound is obtained. Hence giving the upper and lower bound for the minimum rank of the graph.
Jordan product and fixed points preservers
Authors: Elhodaibi M. , Elouazzani S.
Published: January 2023

Let B(X) be the space of all bounded linear operators on complex Banach space X. For A ∈ B(X), we denote by F(A) the subspace of all fixed points of A. In this paper, we study and characterize all surjective maps φ on B(X) satisfying F(φ(T)φ(A) + φ(A)φ(T)) = F(T A + AT) for all A, T ∈ B(X).
Construcción de algoritmos como estrategia de aprendizaje en medicina
Authors: Pérez Romero Fernando René
Published: January 2023

Introducción: Los algoritmos están en casi todos los procesos de interacción y coordinación para completar tareas físicas y mentales exigentes a futuro, suponiendo en medicina, el paso de los algoritmos biológicos a los artificiales con eliminación del error y un manejo óptimo de la información con mayor beneficio para el humano.

Objetivo: Determinar la percepción de la utilidad en la aplicación de la teoría de algoritmos para la solución a problemas clínicos mediante la aplicación del razonamiento algorítmico.

Material y método: Para evaluar la percepción de la aplicación de la teoría de algoritmos en la solución a problemas clínicos, teóricos y reales, se exploró la percepción de la utilidad de la teoría de algoritmos en estudiantes de la carrera de medicina, mediante la aplicación de encuestas previas y posteriores a una intervención educativa.

Resultados: Posterior a la intervención, la percepción de los estudiantes es que la mayoría (más del 70%) considera que los algoritmos son indispensables para los médicos, que su uso es evidente en la literatura médica y que es necesario tener un conocimiento profundo del tema a tratar. En cuanto a la utilidad para el aprendizaje, la mayoría (más del 60%) considera que sirven para describir o recordar un tema, para explicar o resumir, y para organizar y establecer soluciones a un problema. Las opiniones del estudiantado fueron predominantemente positivas para la utilidad de los algoritmos.

Conclusión: La teoría de algoritmos proporciona una alternativa metodológica de aprendizaje, pues se integran distintas áreas del conocimiento médico, proporcionando una o varias vías de solución, que ayudan a la descripción o explicación de la patología, o para su aplicación en un contexto real de atención al paciente.
La aplicación electrónica “MedAPProc” para la evaluación formativa en el internado médico
Authors: Vives Varela Tania , Hamui Sutton Liz
Published: January 2023

Uno de los mayores retos de las universidades formadoras de médicos es repensar, investigar y adaptar las tecnologías para el aprendizaje y el conocimiento a procesos de comunicación empática, intercambio social, cultural, profesional y de armonía emocional para los actores universitarios. La evaluación del nivel de logro de las competencias que los médicos requieren alcanzar es una tarea fundamental en el proceso de formación de los mismos. Los celulares y tabletas electrónicas, brindan un gran número de posibilidades para incorporar nuevas formas de evaluación y registro de información durante el desarrollo de las competencias de los estudiantes.

En el marco de las evaluaciones por medio de las Actividades Profesionales Confiables, la implementación de las aplicaciones móviles (App) para capturar los datos y para ofrecer retroalimentación a los evaluados es cada día mayor. Se han realizado estudios para identificar los aciertos y las barreras en la incorporación de las App para evaluar las APROC. El propósito de este artículo es describir cómo se incorporaron las tecnologías para el aprendizaje y el conocimiento (TAC) en la implementación de una aplicación electrónica “MedAPProc” para la evaluación formativa por medio de Actividades Profesionales Confiables en el internado médico de la Licenciatura de Médico Cirujano de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Se relatan las necesidades, ventajas y limitaciones de migrar del papel hacia los formatos electrónicos para mejorar y hacer más eficiente la evaluación del desempeño de las competencias de los estudiantes.
La ontología como herramienta de representación terminológica: consideraciones para su construcción
Authors: Santos Solórzano Roberto , Sánchez Mendiola Melchor
Published: January 2023

Las ontologías son instrumentos que describen de manera formal los conceptos dentro de un dominio, las relaciones entre éstos y sus límites. Entre sus propósitos está generar una representación abstracta del campo de conocimiento que pueda ser comprendida tanto por seres humanos como por herramientas digitales, se trata de un sistema complejo de términos con explicaciones que definen un tema y que permiten mejorar la búsqueda, recuperación, visualización y análisis referentes a un campo o dominio, incluyendo la educación en profesiones de la salud. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo abordar aspectos y consideraciones generales sobre el diseño, el desarrollo y la construcción de ontologías, además aborda la importancia de estos instrumentos y atiende algunas dificultades en su definición y su clasificación.
Haga su diagnóstico
Authors: Reyes González Juan Pablo , Ramírez-Arias José Luis
Published: January 2023

A 28-year-old female patient, with no significant pathological history, attended the
ER with cramping right flank pain, nausea, and fever. Tomography of
abdomen with intravenous contrast.
Un Proceso Constituyente sin Conclusión
Authors: Cárdenas Gracia Jaime
Published: January 2023

El día 4 de septiembre de 2022, el 62.1% de los chilenos rechazó el texto de Constitución propuesto por la Convención Constitucional. En este ensayo estudiamos por qué durante décadas muchos sectores sociales, políticos y académicos han demandado sin éxito una nueva Constitución para Chile, explicamos por qué la transición a la democracia chilena ha sido tan lenta y accidentada, sin visos de consolidación plena, y por qué no se ha podido concretar el anhelo de contar con una nueva Constitución. También abordamos los motivos que desde nuestro punto de vista condujeron al rechazo de la propuesta constitucional.
Las Izquierdas y los Derechos Humanos
Authors: De la Barreda Solorzano Luis
Published: January 2023

El artículo aborda la actitud que han asumido las diferentes clases de izquierda ante los derechos humanos, tanto cuando han estado en la oposición como cuando han estado en el gobierno. Parte de la consideración de que las diferencias entre las izquierdas son abismales, aunque no hay izquierdista que no proclame que aspira a una sociedad en la que prevalezcan la justicia social y la igualdad. El texto expone las características y trayectorias de la izquierda revolucionaria, la izquierda populista y la izquierda socialdemócrata, subrayando la postura de cada una de ellas respecto de los derechos humanos. Con especial atención se abordan las acciones y omisiones del actual gobierno mexicano en relación con tales derechos.
El Estado del Arte de la Epistemología Jurídica (Aplicada) en Iberoamérica y sus Retos Frente al Derecho Procesal
Authors: López Olvera Carmen Patricia
Published: January 2023

A finales del siglo pasado, gracias al interés de unos cuántos filósofos del derecho nació una nueva rama de la filosofía jurídica: la epistemología jurídica aplicada cuyo objetivo es el estudio de las condiciones bajo las cuales es posible determinar la verdad en el derecho.

De la rápida acogida y propagación de esta nueva área del conocimiento ha ido surgiendo una interesante comunidad académica a nivel internacional, dentro de la cual se han ido conformando distintas subcomunidades, cada una de las cuales comienza a perfilarse con características distintivas, aunque todas unidas “como por un aire de familia”. En buena medida el futuro de la disciplina será el resultado de la evolución de cada “tribu académica” y su articulación.

El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una revisión del estado del arte de la epistemología jurídica aplicada, especialmente en Iberoamérica, con una aproximación comparativa de lo que se hace en Estados Unidos de Norte América y en Reino Unido. Para ello, presentaré lo que parece estar destinado a conformar distintas “escuelas” divididas en dos grandes grupos: las españolas y las latinoamericanas y emprenderé el análisis de los problemas que abordan, quienes son los teóri cos que las conforman, sus propuestas y los principales eventos académicos que organizan. En este sentido, la presente investigación se acerca a un estudio de sociología de la ciencia. Como era de esperarse, uno de los ámbitos que se han visto impactados por la epistemología jurídica aplicada es el derecho procesal donde también se ha abierto una nueva área de discusión relativa a lo que se ha dado en llamar derecho probatorio. Finalizo el trabajo delineando los retos que esta deberá enfrentar en el futuro.
La Sociología Jurídica desde la Dimensión de la Hermenéutica del Derecho
Authors: Conde Gaxiola Napoleón Rosario
Published: January 2023

En el presente escrito trataremos de conectar la sociología jurídica desde una dimensión analógica y hermenéutica. Es conocido que la hermenéutica ha sido, desde la época histórica aristotélica, el estudio de la interpretación. En el momento actual hay diversas orientaciones hermenéuticas, como sucede con la escuela francesa de Paul Ricoeur, la alemana de Hans Georg Gadamer, la italiana de Gianni Vattimo, y otras. En el caso de la hermenéutica analógica, se trata de una propuesta latinoamericana cuyo objeto de estudio y aplicación es la ciencia y el arte del texto, en aras de contextualizarlo y, en consecuencia, tener una visión relacional, totalizante, plural y práxica. La sociología en general ha sido fundada por el fundador del positivismo Augusto Comte en 1839, y la sociología jurídica por el movimiento alemán del derecho libre, encabezado por Eugen Ehrlich y Hermann Kantorowicz, a finales de la era decimonónica y principios de la pasada centuria. La idea es vincular la tradición hermenéutica con la sociología del derecho, con el propósito de aproximarnos a una visión innovadora, interpretativa y comprensiva de la realidad actual, caracterizada por una profunda crisis económica, sanitaria, política, social, ideológica y jurídica.
La Eventual Adopción de Medidas Provisionales y Cautelares en el Procedimiento Administrativo Sancionador
Authors: Villacreses Valle Jaime Andrés
Published: January 2023

En este artículo académico se propone reflexionar en qué casos procede la eventual adopción de las medidas provisionales o también llamadas medidas cautelares en el desarrollo del procedimiento administrativo sancionador. Se aborda el tema de la justificación del por qué y para qué existen estas instituciones jurídicas; su regulación en algunos países de Iberoamérica como son España, El Salvador, México, Ecuador y Perú; sus características; requisitos, pero, de manera especial, se enfatiza en el requisito de la motivación; la posibilidad de impugnación de estas; y, finalmente, se anotan unas reflexiones que son el resultado del estudio de las fuentes consultadas, desde la normativa comparada, la doctrina y la jurisprudencia.
Entrevista al dr. Pablo Raúl Bonorio Ramírez Catedrático de Filosofía del Derecho de la Universidade de Vigo.
Authors: Uscanga Barradas Abril
Published: January 2023

PABLO RAÚL BONORINO RAMÍREZ, es Doctor en Derecho por la Universidad de León (España), licenciado en Derecho por la Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (Argentina), Catedrático de Filosofía del Derecho de la Universidade de Vigo. Dirige el grupo de investigación interdisciplinario AGAF, financiado por la Xunta de Galicia en sus programas de excelencia. Es el investigador principal del proyecto “Sesgos cognitivos y discrecionalidad judicial” financiado por el MINECO y FEDER. Preside la Asociación Española de Derecho y Literatura creada a finales del año pasado. Coordina la Liga de Debate de la Universidade de Vigo desde el año 2013. Ha publicado artículos en revistas especializadas españolas y extranjeras y varias monografías en editoriales de reconocido prestigio. Su último libro es Sesgos, argumentación y decisión judicial publicado por la editorial Thompson-Reuters/ Aranzadi en el año 2022.”.
LPG Cylinder Level Indication and Automatic Gas Booking System
Authors: Mudda Mallikarjun , Saiteja Burugupalli , Kusumasri Muddasani , Srivani Sannidanam
Published: January 2023

Abstract: People may now live more effectively because of the quick growth of technology. When it comes to utilizing liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), one of the most frequent problems is that the tank is empty during prime cooking times. Other issues that may arise include failing to foresee the gas cylinder's operational days and being unaware of the gasoline's present level inside the container. One of the most frequent causes of these problems while using liquefied petroleum gas is a lack of awareness of the level of gasoline within the container. We frequently forget to order a new cylinder when the one we have is empty or consumed. The electronic gadget created here is highly helpful for domestic users in these situations since it automatically sends a booking notification to the appropriate authorities right before being emptied. The system designed here is used to measure continuously and display the gasoline content in the cylinder. And when the gasoline content is less the 10% of the original weight then the alert will be given with the buzzer alongside sending the text message to the LPG cylinder distributor to book the cylinder with the texted customer details. In this research, a framework is proposed for automating the whole LPG cylinder booking system without the need for human intervention. For the authorized LPG distributor to deliver the LPG chamber on time, this system continuously measures the weight of the cylinder, and if below 10% then delivers messages as a result to the LPG cylinder agent.
Blynk 2.0 based Smart Electricity Monitoring Meter
Authors: S Prabu
Published: January 2023

Abstract: Electricity is one of the basic needs of this society. Currently we have to go nearby the conventional meter and note the electricity consumption which is a tedious task when bill payer is in distant place. Thus, to automate this process IOT takes place which can save time by automating remote data collection. This paper gives the development of a cost-effective NodeMcu based smart electricity which includes the Internet of Things (IoT) technology. The NodeMcu board is employed element to coordinate the activities of the device and a Blynk server acting as a central server receiving all the data sent by the created system. Other components like AC voltage sensor (ZMPT101B), AC current sensor (SCT-013-030), LCD display which helps the user to read the values instantly from system and other RLC elements are used to measure the required quantities. Also, this paper has open source IOT server called Blynk 2.0 which is an analytic platform which can access the cloud and enables the user to live monitor the status of the meter using both Website and application.
Spatial Variation in Spring’s Water Quality in Chandel District, Manipur
Authors: Singh Nongthombam Premananda , Singh Nahakpam Hitler
Published: January 2023

Abstract: Physio-chemical parameters namely temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, total suspended solids, chloride content and rate of discharge of spring’s water from 92 (ninety-two) sampling locations in Chandel district were studied. Measurement of rate of discharge, temperature, electrical conductivity and pH were carried on the site of sampling, whereas other parameters were analysed in laboratory. The measurement and analysis results showed that the discharge of spring’s water at the sampling locations range from 0.014x 10-5 – 3.7 x 10-5 m 3 /s, temperature from 18 – 31˚C, pH from 6.5 – 9.2, electrical conductivity from 10 – 640 µS, Total suspended solids from 1 – 180 mgL-1 and chloride content range from 4 – 64 mgL-1 . The average values were 0.212 x 10-5 m 3 /s, 23.97˚C, 7.92, 131.65 µS, 13.66 mgL-1 and 19.52 mgL-1 respectively. By comparing the quality of spring water with the standards, the values of the parameters did not exceed and are within the permissible limit prescribed by World Health Organization (WHO). Further, multivariate analysis (using cluster analysis) was carried out to identify the spatial relationship of the spring’s water quality between the sampling locations. The results showed that out of total sampling station, 69 (sixtynine) has similarity of about 60-70 %, whereas 5(five) sampling locations has about 90% similarity and remaining 18 (eighteen) has only about 45% similarity. Amongst the spring’s water quality, the samples collected from Chakpikarong sub-division have higher water quality
Parametric Studies for Concrete Sheet Pile Wall Using GE05FINE
Authors: Kumar Amit , Pendharkar Dr. Umesh
Published: January 2023

Abstract: Based on the site conditions and lateral earth pressure of soil plays important role in the selection of sheet pile wall. In the present day different types of sheet pile wall present in the market like as steel sheet pile wall , concrete sheet pile wall and timber etc. Concrete sheet pile walls are common in use. Modification in the properties of the concrete sheet piles is easier making it more economical as the utility of the section can be considerably increased according to projects requirement. Sheet pile wall deformation is dependent on the materials properties. Consequently, it is essential to research how different material types and properties affect the deformation and stress distribution of cantilever concrete sheet pile walls. A parametric analysis was carried out numerically using a case study that makes use of a base model to determine how long a sheet pile wall should be at the bottom of an embankment with various material types for ditch with a depth of 3m, 5m and 7m.to safeguard and improve the stability of the embankment , a sheet pile wall was temporarily constructed near the toe of the embankment. Analysing simulation data was completed with the aid of GE05FINE. The analysis findings revealed that when subjected to the same loading situation, bending moment and shear force varies with the material properties. Therefore, it is wise to carefully select the sheet pile wall materials in accordance with the projects requirements.
Big Five personality traits and envy: The mediating role of emotional intelligence
Authors: Li Xiaojun , Zhang Wenrui , Xiang Yanhui
Published: January 2023

Envy is a typical negative social emotion that has negative effects on the physical and mental health of individuals. In this study we examined the relationship between the Big Five personality traits and envy, and the mediating role of emotional intelligence in these associations.
Participants were 811 university students in China who completed the Revised NEO Personality Inventory, the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale, and the Dispositional Envy Scale. Mediation analysis results showed that emotional intelligence played a partial mediating role in the relationships
between neuroticism and envy and between extraversion and envy, and played a complete mediating role in the relationships between agreeableness and envy, between openness and envy, and between conscientiousness and envy. We have found evidence for the personality basis of envy and provided
insight into the underlying mechanisms between personality and envy.
Childhood abuse and adolescent depression: Moderating roles of social support and friendship quality
Authors: Wang Zhichao
Published: January 2023

In this study I examined the links between childhood abuse and adolescent depression, and the preventive value of social support and friendship quality. Participants were 470 adolescents from two middle schools in China, who completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, the Social Support
Rating Scale, the Friendship Quality Questionnaire, and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. The findings suggested that childhood abuse significantly and positively predicted adolescent depression, and that social support and friendship quality were protective factors.
Specifically, higher degrees of social support and friendship quality can lessen the link between childhood abuse and depression. The results provide a reference for effectively improving the mental health of adolescents with a history of childhood abuse.
TERRITORIALIZAÇÃO DAS FEIRAS DE AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR EM SANTA CATARINA: UMA PROMESSA AINDA NÃO CUMPRIDA
Authors: Pizarro Muñoz Estevan Felipe , José Bosetti Cléber , Isabel Peixer Zilma , Ramos Kuznier Eduardo
Published: January 2023

As interações da agricultura familiar (AF) com os mercados se constituem num dos pontos nevrálgicos das suas organizações socioeconômicas. É este o contexto do presente artigo que objetiva compreender de que maneira os componentes territoriais interferem na edificação das feiras da AF em três regiões distintas no Estado de Santa Catarina - Oeste, Serra e Litoral - nos quais a trajetória histórica e econômica é diferenciada. Por meio de uma abordagem institucional dos mercados, buscou-se analisar os territórios selecionados durante agosto de 2020 a maio de 2021. Os dados primários foram obtidos através de entrevistas com diferentes agentes públicos de cada um dos municípios da amostra. Os dados secundários (estrutura fundiária, IDHM, PIB per capita, demografia) foram obtidos nas bases de dados do IBGE. Para a análise dos dados, a pesquisa utilizou-se da estatística descritiva, da correlação linear e da regressão linear simples. Os principais resultados demonstram que há correlações entre a configuração socioeconômica e territorial com as dinâmicas das Feiras da AF. Assim, embora a AF seja um componente importante na economia catarinense, a mesma nem sempre é valorizada. Isso contrasta com as identidades culturais articuladas no Estado, configurando uma promessa ainda não concretizada, mas, ao mesmo tempo, se apresentando como um potencial de autonomia e de desenvolvimento rural.
A EXPERIÊNCIA DO PROJETO OÁSIS EM APUCARANA-PARANÁ A PARTIR DE UM OLHAR PRAGMATISTA
Authors: De Lima Pereira Mahnic Chayne , Fiel Santos Diego
Published: January 2023

Este estudo buscou compreender as ações para a concepção e implementação do Projeto Oásis a partir dos dispositivos constituídos em uma perspectiva da interação humano e não humano, considerando a experiência dos atores sociais de Apucarana, Paraná. A escolha do Projeto Oásis para a realização de um estudo desenvolvido a partir da análise pragmatista se deve ao fato dessa política pública envolver a participação e a ação de diversos atores sociais e figuras não humanas. Parte-se do princípio de que a constituição dos dispositivos do projeto envolve a governança de relações estabelecidas entre os atores sociais e o seu envolvimento com a figura dos não humanos. Com base nos relatos e experiência vivenciada pela investigação é possível observar a prática como fator imbricado na relação de interações entre os proprietários rurais, agentes públicos e a água, e ambos estão envolvidos em uma experiência de convívio e de dependência para que possa existir a manutenção consensual e adequada do meio em que as interações são desenvolvidas. A água acaba sendo representada e representando o foco da atuação nas interações configuradas na situação de concepção e manutenção do Projeto Oásis.
A QUESTÃO DA ÁGUA EM ASSENTAMENTOS: UM ESTUDO DE CASO NO ASSENTAMENTO PERIURBANO MILTON SANTOS
Authors: Sugahara Cibele Roberta , Ferreira Denise Helena Lombardo , Mendes Jakeline Pertile , Contrigiani Ariele Carolina
Published: January 2023

A água é um recurso essencial a diversas atividades humanas. Entretanto, esse recurso encontra-se cada vez mais escasso em grandes centros urbanos e até mesmo em áreas rurais. Ressalta-se o Objetivo do Desenvolvimento Sustentável número 6 da Agenda 2030 que trata do acesso universal e equitativo à água potável e ao saneamento até 2030. Essa pesquisa visa apontar os desafios do Assentamento Milton Santos, situado em Americana/SP, quanto à disponibilidade e qualidade da água. A metodologia adotada no trabalho é pesquisa bibliográfica e descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa. Os resultados apontam que a questão da água nos assentamentos rurais tem se apresentado com um entrave. No Assentamento Milton Santos há problemas com a falta de água para o setor agrícola somado ao fato de que o resultado de análises de amostras da água demonstrou a sua contaminação. Destaca-se a importância de se preservar a agricultura agroecológica e sustentável nos assentamentos, pois o retorno não apenas ocorre para os próprios assentados como para a população no entorno desses assentamentos com a disponibilidade de produtos de qualidade a preços acessíveis.
A DINÂMICA DOS MERCADOS AGROALIMENTARES DE FRUTAS E HORTALIÇAS DA REGIÃO CENTRAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL
Authors: Pinto da Silva Gustavo , Bueno Camara Simone , Menezes Dias Jaqueline , Lichtnow Daniel
Published: January 2023

Este trabalho tem como objetivo mapear a diversidade e compreender os contextos de expressão de mercados e canais de comercialização de frutas e hortaliças na microrregião de Cachoeira do Sul, Região Central do Rio Grande do Sul - Brasil. Para isto, utilizou-se de um questionário semiestruturado aplicado a 129 produtores entre os meses de dezembro de 2019 e março de 2020, registros em diário de campo e pesquisa bibliográfica. Os dados foram processados no Statistical Package for the Social Sciences-SPSS e Power BI. A análise dos dados foi realizada através de estatística descritiva. Os resultados indicam predominância de canais de comercialização de mercados de proximidade, convencional e territoriais. Em relação aos contextos de expressão dos mercados e canais de comercialização foram encontrados quatro condicionantes principais: a presença da agricultura familiar, os arranjos organizacionais/institucionais, o território e a localização geográfica dos estabelecimentos. Assim, não se pode afirmar que alguma condição tenha mais peso do que outras, mas que as expressões de mercados e canais são resultados híbridos, com pesos e medidas e diferentes.
Tuberculosis combined with HIV infection in Russia in the period before — and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Tsybikova E. B.
Published: January 2023

Objective. Analysis of the main epidemiological indicators characterizing the situation of tuberculosis combined with HIV infection in Russia during the period before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Materials and methods. Information from Federal Statistical Observation Forms No. 8, No. 33 and No. 61 for 2012–2021. Rosstat data on the number of patients who died from tuberculosis and HIV infection, and the average annual population of Russia, for 2011–2021. Information from the Federal statistical Observation form No. 30 on the population of Russia covered by screening aimed at early detection of tuberculosis for the period from 2018 to 2021.

Results and discussion. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a noticeable impact on the implementation of the Tuberculosis Eradication Program in Russia in less than two years, breaking the 10-year stable rate of decline in tuberculosis morbidity and mortality. The reduction in screening time during the pandemic led to an increase in the number of people with common forms of tuberculosis, which could have been sources of tuberculosis infection among the population for a long time, and especially among people infected with HIV infection. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the proportion of patients with tuberculosis combined with HIV infection increased in the structure of the incidence of tuberculosis and HIV infection. Treatment of patients with HIV infection combined with tuberculosis with multiple and broad resistance of the pathogen is of considerable complexity and creates a high risk of death and an increase in mortality among patients of this group.
Combination of new coronavirus infection and HIV infection
Authors: Belashov E. A. , Isakov A. N. , Zinserling V. A.
Published: January 2023

Objective. Evaluation of different options for the formulation of a pathoanatomical diagnosis in the combined course of HIV infection and a new coronavirus infection COVID19

Materials and methods. The study included the protocols of clinical autopsies performed at the S. P. Botkin Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital from March 2020 to September 2021, with the simultaneous diagnosis of HIV infection and the new coronavirus infection COVID19.

Results and discussion. Among the secondary diseases in HIV infection in combination with a new coronavirus infection, no significant difference was found in comparison with HIV monoinfection. On the part of the new coronavirus infection, no relationship was found between the course of the infection and the manifestations of secondary diseases in HIV infection. In cases with a protracted new coronavirus infection against the background of a mild HIV infection, the dominant disease in thanatogenesis is COVID-19. In the presence of severe secondary diseases of HIV infection, it acts as the main infection. In cases of the presence of other competing diseases in PAD, they play a leading role in thanatogenesis, or have a significant impact on the course of the disease.

Conclusion. Based on the analysis of autopsy protocols with the simultaneous diagnosis of HIV infection and the new coronavirus infection COVID19, various options for the formulation of pathoanatomical diagnosis and encryption of observations are justified
RuSIDA: the online resource for the collection, storage and analysis of epidemiologicel, demographic and clinical laboratory data of patients
Authors: Kuznetsova A. I. , Bobkov V. G. , Lebedev A. V. , Tumanov A. S. , Kim K. V. , Chaikovskaia N. E. , Chudnovsky A. G. , Charushin A. N. , Pronin A. Yu. , Drobyshevskaya Е. V. , Shemshura A. В. , Turkin A. V. , Ilyina Е. A. , Shevchenko V. V. , Krylova T. V. , Kirillova I. L. , Begma E. N. , Bogatyreva T. I. , Prodanova K. G. , Sklyar L. F. , Kazennova Е. V. , Bobkova M. R.
Published: January 2023

Objective on creating a universal tool with Russian user interface (UI) to systematically collect and store epidemiological-demographic and clinical-laboratory data of patients with the possibility of their structured export for subsequent multifaceted analysis.

Materials and methods. When creating an online tool, the solutions of European colleagues used to conduct a multicenter study of EuroSIDA, including a list, algorithms for collecting, storing and exchanging data, were used as a model.

Research and discussion. A Russian UI online resource RuSIDA has been developed, hosted on the website http://hivgen.org/, designed to fulfill the tasks above. The tool requires authorized access and has been successfully tested on data collection from HIV-infected patients at several AIDS centers in the Russian Federation.

Conclusion. The developed online resource RuSIDA can be used to maintain medical electronic records, intralaboratory databases, as well as to conduct epidemiological monitoring of various nosologies and multicenter scientific studies.
Time-related changes in the titer of virus neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 after COVID-19 in patients with HIV infection
Authors: Pobegalova O. E. , Kozmovskaya N. V. , Monakhov N. E. , Kholodnaya A. N. , Danilenko D. M. , Antonova T. V. , Lioznov A. D.
Published: January 2023

Objective. To assess the time-related changes in the titer of virus neutralizing antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with HIV infection within 6 months after experienced COVID-19, and to identify factors associated with the intensity and duration of the natural humoral immune response.

Materials and Methods. А prospective study was performed in 102 HIV-infected patients who had COVID-19 without previous vaccination, the titer of virus neutralizing antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 was identified by microneutralization assay using the standard method, the follow-up period was 6 months. Patients were enrolled in St. Petersburg from October 2020 to January 2022. The possible impact of clinical and laboratory characteristics of HIV infection and the severity of COVID-19 on antibody titer was assessed.

Results and discussion. А high antibody titer (>1:160) was detected at 1 month in 15 patients (14.7%), at 3 months — in 5 of 44 patients; at 6 months — in 3 of 26 patients. There was a statistically significant positive correlation of the titer at 1 month with an undetectable HIV viral load and the Cd4+lymphocytes count in the blood. Cases of a late increase in antibody titer (after 3 and 6 months) were registered without COVID-19 re-infection along with improvement of the immune status on antiretroviral therapy.

Conclusion. А low incidence of effective humoral immune response 1 month after COVID-19 infection was demonstrated in HIV-infected patients without vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. Single cases of delay in antibody titer increase with an immune status improvement were observed.
Prediction of CD4+ ranges based on the total number of leukocytes in people living with HIV
Authors: Rodríguez Velásquez J. O. , Prieto E. , Pérez Díaz C. E. , Valdés Cadena C. A. , Bulla G. F. , Barrios Arroyave F. A. , López N. , López F.
Published: January 2023

Objective. To predict the amount of CD4+/μL3 in sequences of patient records with CD4 T lymphocyte values above 500 cells/μL3 and / or between 200 to 500 cells/μL3 from the absolute leukocyte count in the context of the theory of probability.

Materials and methods. Two mathematical inductions were performed to find predictive mathematical relationships for CD4+/μL3 when they are above 500 cells/μL3 and between 200 to 500 cells/μL3, from the absolute count of leukocytes. Subsequently, the probability of success of the predictions was calculated, two blind studies were performed on 80 remaining data, and sensitivity and specificity were calculated for both cases.

Results and discussion. If there are more than three records in time per patient, and these are above 500 CD4/μL3 cells or between 200 to 500 CD4/μL3 cells, finding that the absolute leukocyte count has a greater or equal value to three and lower to 4 for all the records, the following record will be maintained with a measurement of CD4 lymphocytes>500 or between [200, 500], if in the absolute count of leukocytes of the patient sequences a value of four is observed and CD4+ ranges from 200 to 500 cells/μL3, it can be deduced that there will be at least one measurement of CD4 +>500 cells/μL3 associated with a leukocyte measurement / μL3 greater than 3.7.

Conclusions. We established two temporal mathematical patterns capable of predicting the CD4+/μL3 count from the absolute leukocyte count.
Epidemiological features and psychoneurological disorders In humans caused by exposure to the monkeypox virus
Authors: Ulyukin I. M. , Rassokhin V. V. , Orlova E. S. , Sechin A. A.
Published: January 2023

The review analyzes the distribution, clinical manifestations and complications of monkeypox in humans with an emphasis on neuropsychiatric disorders that are important for human socialization and the necessary medical and social interventions in order to maintain a regime of sanitary well-being in society.
Syndrome of substance abuse, violence and HIV-infection/AIDS (SAVA) and some related factors among sex workers in 4 cities in Russian Federation
Authors: Barinova A. N. , Lebedeva A. A. , Ladnaya N. N. , Zaytseva E. E. , Plavinskii S. L.
Published: January 2023

Introduction. Social determinants of health are often a major topic for syndemic research. This is consistent with the fundamental idea of syndemic conditions that share common social factors and bio-social interactions. One of the earliest syndemies was the reported abuse of psychoactive substances in the United States, the experience of victimization from interpersonal violence and HIV infection (SAVA).

The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of SAVA syndrome and its relationship with risk factors for HIV infection in key groups — female sex workers (SW). 

Materials and methods. The analysis is based on data from a biobehavioral study carried out in 4 cities of the Russian Federation and involving 817 SWs (time-place sampling). The study included a questionnaire survey and determination of HIV status.

Results and discussion. The prevalence of SAVA syndemics in the groups of SWs and MSM was relatively low because of relatively low (in comparison with IDUs) prevalence of HIV infection. Full syndemics occurred in 1.27%, [95% CI=0.30–2.24%] female sex workers. Incomplete syndemics (excluding HIV infection from definition) was detected in 7.31%, [95% CI=4.59–10.02%] of SW.

SWs who were physically and sexually abused had HIV infection in 16.7% of cases, only physically abused — in 10% of cases, while among those who denied violence against them — only 6.5%.
Academic Achievement and Competency in Rural and Urban Family Medicine Residents
Authors: Peterson Lars , Morgan Zachary J. , Andrilla C. Holly A. , Pollack Samantha W. , Longenecker Randall , Schmitz David , Patterson Davis G.
Published: January 2023

Background and Objectives: The quality of training in rural family medicine (FM) residencies has been questioned. Our objective was to assess differences in academic performance between rural and urban FM residencies.
Methods: We used American Board of Family Medicine (ABFM) data from 2016–2018 residency graduates. Medical knowledge was measured by the ABFM in-training examination (ITE) and Family Medicine Certification Examination (FMCE). The milestones included 22 items across six core competencies. We measured whether residents met expectations on each milestone at each assessment. Multilevel regression models determined associations between resident and residency characteristics milestones met at graduation, FMCE score, and failure.
Results: Our final sample was 11,790 graduates. First-year ITE scores were similar between rural and urban residents. Rural residents passed their initial FMCE at a lower rate than urban residents (96.2% vs 98.9%) with the gap closing upon later attempts (98.8% vs 99.8%). Being in a rural program was not associated with a difference in FMCE score but was associated with higher odds of failure. Interactions between program type and year were not significant, indicating equal growth in knowledge. The proportions of rural vs urban residents who met all milestones and each of six core competencies were similar early in residency but diverged over time with fewer rural residents meeting all expectations.
Conclusions: We found small, but persistent differences in measures of academic performance between rural- and urban-trained FM residents. The implications of these findings in judging the quality of rural programs are much less clear and warrant further study, including their impact on rural patient outcomes and community health.
Rural Versus Urban Family Medicine Residency Scope of Training and Practice
Authors: Pollack Samantha W. , Andrilla C. Holly A. , Peterson Lars , Morgan Zachary J. , Longenecker Randall , Schmitz David , Evans David V. , Patterson Davis G.
Published: January 2023

Background and Objectives: Little is known about how rural and urban family medicine residencies compare in preparing physicians for practice. This study compared the perceptions of preparation for practice and actual postgraduation scope of practice (SOP) between rural and urban residency program graduates.
Methods: We analyzed data on 6,483 early-career, board-certified physicians surveyed 2016-2018, 3 years after residency graduation, and 44,325 later-career board-certified physicians surveyed 2014-2018, every 7 to 10 years after initial certification. Bivariate comparisons and multivariate regressions of rural and urban residency graduates examined perceived preparedness and current practice in 30 areas and overall SOP using a validated scale, with separate models for early-career and later-career physicians.
Results: In bivariate analyses, rural program graduates were more likely than urban program graduates to report being prepared for hospital-based care, casting, cardiac stress tests, and other skills, but less likely to be prepared in some gynecologic care and pharmacologic HIV/AIDS management. Both early- and later-career rural program graduates reported broader overall SOPs than their urban-program counterparts in bivariate analyses; in adjusted analyses this difference remained significant only for later-career physicians.
Conclusions: Compared with urban program graduates, rural graduates more often rated themselves prepared in several hospital care measures and less often in certain women’s health measures. Controlling for multiple characteristics, only rurally trained, later-career physicians reported a broader SOP than their urban program counterparts. This study demonstrates the value of rural training and provides a baseline for research exploring longitudinal benefits of this training to rural communities and population health.
Bacteria Diversity Within Honey Bees of Embu County Kenya
Authors: njoroge james , njire moses , nyabuga franklin , maina juliana , Mwirichia Romano , Ndirangu Julius
Published: January 2023

In Kenya, small-scale farmers are increasingly turning to honeybee
keeping to supplement their income. The decline of the honeybee
population in Kenya has raised concerns following the important economic
and ecological role played by the honeybees. By assessing microbial
diversity associated with honeybees in Embu County, Kenya, we sought to
determine the colony microbial composition of bees using
culture-independent sequencing. Honeybee-associated microbial community
in the hive materials was dominated by Lactobacillus, Leuconostoc,
Fructobacillus, Bacillus, Gilliamella, Frischella, Enterobacter,
Bombella and Serratia across the sampling environment. Across the sample
types adult worker bees lacked the Lactococcus genus but had the other
phylotypes consistently similar to those in the larvae samples. We
report a potential disruption of the microbial bacteria community
signified by the presence of genera Serratia and Enterobacter, which are
opportunistic environmental microorganisms.
Case report: Acute Liver failure; An Unusual Complication of Dengue Fever
Authors: Uzair Hafsa , Waseem Radeyah , Kumar Naresh , Hussain Muhammad Sheheryar , Shah Hussain Haider
Published: January 2023

Dengue is one of the most prevalent viral equatorial diseases which has
recently become a major health concern globally. This case report
exemplifies a case of Expanded DengueSyndrome in 29 years old male who
was received by a Tertiary Care Hospital in Karachi and expired due to
liver failure.