bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A generative adversarial network with “zero-shot” learning for positron image denoising
Authors: Zhu Mingwei , Zhao Min , Yao Min , Guo Ruipeng
Published: January 2023

Positron imaging technology has shown good practical value in industrial non-destructive testing, but the noise and artifacts generated during the imaging process of flow field images will directly affect the accuracy of industrial fault diagnosis. Therefore, how to obtain high-quality reconstructed images of the positron flow field is a challenging problem. In the existing image denoising methods, the denoising performance of positron images of industrial flow fields in special fields still needs to be strengthened. Considering the characteristics of few sample data and strong regularity of positron flow field image,in this work, we propose a new method for image denoising of positron flow field, which is based on a generative adversarial network with zero-shot learning. This method realizes image denoising under the condition of small sample data, and constrains image generation by constructing the extraction model of image internal features. The experimental results show that the proposed method can reduce the noise while retaining the key information of the image. It has also achieved good performance in the practical application of industrial flow field positron imaging.
Artificial intelligence-based radiomics for the prediction of nodal metastasis in early-stage lung cancer
Authors: Shimada Yoshihisa , Kudo Yujin , Maehara Sachio , Fukuta Kentaro , Masuno Ryuhei , Park Jinho , Ikeda Norihiko
Published: January 2023

We aimed to investigate the value of computed tomography (CT)-based radiomics with artificial intelligence (AI) in predicting pathological lymph node metastasis (pN) in patients with clinical stage 0–IA non-small cell lung cancer (c-stage 0–IA NSCLC). This study enrolled 720 patients who underwent complete surgical resection for c-stage 0–IA NSCLC, and were assigned to the derivation and validation cohorts. Using the AI software Beta Version (Fujifilm Corporation, Japan), 39 AI imaging factors, including 17 factors from the AI ground-glass nodule analysis and 22 radiomics features from nodule characterization analysis, were extracted to identify factors associated with pN. Multivariate analysis showed that clinical stage IA3 (p = 0.028), solid-part size (p < 0.001), and average solid CT value (p = 0.033) were independently associated with pN. The receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the area under the curve and optimal cut-off values of the average solid CT value relevant to pN were 0.761 and -103 Hounsfield units, and the threshold provided sensitivity, specificity, and negative predictive values of 69%, 65%, and 94% in the entire cohort, respectively. Measuring the average solid-CT value of tumors for pN may have broad applications such as guiding individualized surgical approaches and postoperative treatment.
Urine cell-free DNA multi-omics to detect MRD and predict survival in bladder cancer patients
Authors: Chauhan Pradeep S. , Shiang Alexander , Alahi Irfan , Sundby R. Taylor , Feng Wenjia , Gungoren Bilge , Nawaf Cayce , Chen Kevin , Babbra Ramandeep K. , Harris Peter K. , Qaium Faridi , Hatscher Casey , Antiporda Anna , Brunt Lindsey , Mayer Lindsey R. , Shern Jack F. , Baumann Brian C. , Kim Eric H. , Reimers Melissa A. , Smith Zachary L. , Chaudhuri Aadel A.
Published: January 2023

Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) sensitivity remains subpar for molecular residual disease (MRD) detection in bladder cancer patients. To remedy this problem, we focused on the biofluid most proximal to the disease, urine, and analyzed urine tumor DNA in 74 localized bladder cancer patients. We integrated ultra-low-pass whole genome sequencing (ULP-WGS) with urine cancer personalized profiling by deep sequencing (uCAPP-Seq) to achieve sensitive MRD detection and predict overall survival. Variant allele frequency, inferred tumor mutational burden, and copy number-derived tumor fraction levels in urine cell-free DNA (cfDNA) significantly predicted pathologic complete response status, far better than plasma ctDNA was able to. A random forest model incorporating these urine cfDNA-derived factors with leave-one-out cross-validation was 87% sensitive for predicting residual disease in reference to gold-standard surgical pathology. Both progression-free survival (HR = 3.00, p = 0.01) and overall survival (HR = 4.81, p = 0.009) were dramatically worse by Kaplan–Meier analysis for patients predicted by the model to have MRD, which was corroborated by Cox regression analysis. Additional survival analyses performed on muscle-invasive, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and held-out validation subgroups corroborated these findings. In summary, we profiled urine samples from 74 patients with localized bladder cancer and used urine cfDNA multi-omics to detect MRD sensitively and predict survival accurately.
Racial and ethnic disparities in a real-world precision oncology data registry
Authors: Cheung Alexander T. M. , Palapattu Elina L. , Pompa Isabella R. , Aldrighetti Christopher M. , Niemierko Andrzej , Willers Henning , Huang Franklin , Vapiwala Neha , Van Allen Eliezer , Kamran Sophia C.
Published: January 2023

Biorepositories enable precision oncology research by sharing clinically annotated genomic data, but it remains unknown whether these data registries reflect the true distribution of cancers in racial and ethnic minorities. Our analysis of Project Genomics Evidence Neoplasia Information Exchange (GENIE), a real-world cancer data registry designed to accelerate precision oncology discovery, indicates that minorities do not have sufficient representation, which may impact the validity of studies directly comparing mutational profiles between racial/ethnic groups and limit generalizability of biomarker discoveries to all populations.
Biomechanical, biophysical and biochemical modulators of cytoskeletal remodelling and emergent stem cell lineage commitment
Authors: Putra Vina D. L. , Kilian Kristopher A. , Knothe Tate Melissa L.
Published: January 2023

Across complex, multi-time and -length scale biological systems, redundancy confers robustness and resilience, enabling adaptation and increasing survival under dynamic environmental conditions; this review addresses ubiquitous effects of cytoskeletal remodelling, triggered by biomechanical, biophysical and biochemical cues, on stem cell mechanoadaptation and emergent lineage commitment. The cytoskeleton provides an adaptive structural scaffold to the cell, regulating the emergence of stem cell structure-function relationships during tissue neogenesis, both in prenatal development as well as postnatal healing. Identification and mapping of the mechanical cues conducive to cytoskeletal remodelling and cell adaptation may help to establish environmental contexts that can be used prospectively as translational design specifications to target tissue neogenesis for regenerative medicine. In this review, we summarize findings on cytoskeletal remodelling in the context of tissue neogenesis during early development and postnatal healing, and its relevance in guiding lineage commitment for targeted tissue regeneration. We highlight how cytoskeleton-targeting chemical agents modulate stem cell differentiation and govern responses to mechanical cues in stem cells’ emerging form and function. We further review methods for spatiotemporal visualization and measurement of cytoskeletal remodelling, as well as its effects on the mechanical properties of cells, as a function of adaptation. Research in these areas may facilitate translation of stem cells’ own healing potential and improve the design of materials, therapies, and devices for regenerative medicine.
Plagued by a cryptic clock: insight and issues from the global phylogeny of Yersinia pestis
Authors: Eaton Katherine , Featherstone Leo , Duchene Sebastian , Carmichael Ann G. , Varlık Nükhet , Golding G. Brian , Holmes Edward C. , Poinar Hendrik N.
Published: January 2023

Plague has an enigmatic history as a zoonotic pathogen. This infectious disease will unexpectedly appear in human populations and disappear just as suddenly. As a result, a long-standing line of inquiry has been to estimate when and where plague appeared in the past. However, there have been significant disparities between phylogenetic studies of the causative bacterium, Yersinia pestis, regarding the timing and geographic origins of its reemergence. Here, we curate and contextualize an updated phylogeny of Y. pestis using 601 genome sequences sampled globally. Through a detailed Bayesian evaluation of temporal signal in subsets of these data we demonstrate that a Y. pestis-wide molecular clock is unstable. To resolve this, we developed a new approach in which each Y. pestis population was assessed independently, enabling us to recover substantial temporal signal in five populations, including the ancient pandemic lineages which we now estimate may have emerged decades, or even centuries, before a pandemic was historically documented from European sources. Despite this methodological advancement, we only obtain robust divergence dates from populations sampled over a period of at least 90 years, indicating that genetic evidence alone is insufficient for accurately reconstructing the timing and spread of short-term plague epidemics.
Optogenetic and pharmacological interventions link hypocretin neurons to impulsivity in mice
Authors: Tyree Susan M. , Jennings Kimberly J. , Gonzalez Oscar C. , Li Shi-bin , Nicholson Janet R. , von Heimendahl Moritz , de Lecea Luis
Published: January 2023

Neurons in the lateral hypothalamus expressing the neuropeptide Hypocretin, also known as orexin, are known critical modulators of arousal stability. However, their role in the different components of the arousal construct such as attention and decision making is poorly understood. Here we study Hypocretin neuronal circuit dynamics during stop action impulsivity in a Go/NoGo task in mice. We show that Hypocretin neuronal activity correlates with anticipation of reward. We then assessed the causal role of Hypocretin neuronal activity using optogenetics in a Go/NoGo task. We show that stimulation of Hypocretin neurons during the cue period dramatically increases the number of premature responses. These effects are mimicked by amphetamine, reduced by atomoxetine, a norepinephrine uptake inhibitor, and blocked by a Hypocretin receptor 1 selective antagonist. We conclude that Hypocretin neurons have a key role in the integration of salient stimuli during wakefulness to produce appropriate and timely responses to rewarding and aversive cues.
Formation mechanism of thermally controlled pH gradients
Authors: Matreux Thomas , Altaner Bernhard , Raith Johannes , Braun Dieter , Mast Christof B. , Gerland Ulrich
Published: January 2023

Spatial proton gradients create energy in biological systems and are likely a driving force for prebiotic systems. Due to the fast diffusion of protons, they are however difficult to create as steady state, unless driven by other non-equilibria such as thermal gradients. Here, we quantitatively predict the heat-flux driven formation of pH gradients for the case of a simple acid-base reaction system. To this end, we (i) establish a theoretical framework that describes the spatial interplay of chemical reactions with thermal convection, thermophoresis, and electrostatic forces by a separation of timescales, and (ii) report quantitative measurements in a purpose-built microfluidic device. We show experimentally that the slope of such pH gradients undergoes pronounced amplitude changes in a concentration-dependent manner and can even be inverted. The predictions of the theoretical framework fully reflect these features and establish an understanding of how naturally occurring non-equilibrium environmental conditions can drive pH gradients.
Focused surface plasmon polaritons coherently couple to electronic states in above-threshold electron emission
Authors: Dreher Pascal , Janoschka David , Frank Bettina , Giessen Harald , Meyer zu Heringdorf Frank-J.
Published: January 2023

When an intense light field strongly interacts with the band structure of a solid, the formation of hybrid light-matter quantum states becomes possible. Examples of such Floquet-Bloch states have been reported, but engineering of the band structure using Floquet states can suffer from dissipation and decoherence. Sustaining the necessary quantum coherence of the light-matter interactions requires robust electronic states in combination with strong fields of suitable polarization and frequency. Here, we explore the quantum coherent coupling of nano-focused surface plasmon polaritons (SPP) to distinct electronic states in the band structure of a solid. We observe above-threshold electron emission from the Au(111) Shockley surface state by the absorption of up to seven SPP quanta. Using time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy the coherence of the interaction of the SPPs with the surface state during electron emission is investigated and the process is shown to be similar to light-driven above threshold electron emission. Ultimately, our work could render SPP-based Floquet engineering in nano-optical systems feasible.
Energetic overturning flows, dynamic interocean exchanges, and ocean warming observed in the South Atlantic
Authors: Chidichimo María Paz , Perez Renellys C. , Speich Sabrina , Kersalé Marion , Sprintall Janet , Dong Shenfu , Lamont Tarron , Sato Olga T. , Chereskin Teresa K. , Hummels Rebecca , Schmid Claudia
Published: January 2023

Since the inception of the international South Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation initiative in the 21st century, substantial advances have been made in observing and understanding the Southern Hemisphere component of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). Here we synthesize insights gained into overturning flows, interocean exchanges, and water mass distributions and pathways in the South Atlantic. The overturning circulation in the South Atlantic uniquely carries heat equatorward and exports freshwater poleward and consists of two strong overturning cells. Density and pressure gradients, winds, eddies, boundary currents, and interocean exchanges create an energetic circulation in the subtropical and tropical South Atlantic Ocean. The relative importance of these drivers varies with the observed latitude and time scale. AMOC, interocean exchanges, and climate changes drive ocean warming at all depths, upper ocean salinification, and freshening in the deep and abyssal ocean in the South Atlantic. Long-term sustained observations are critical to detect and understand these changes and their impacts.
Large variations in afforestation-related climate cooling and warming effects across short distances
Authors: Rohatyn Shani , Rotenberg Eyal , Tatarinov Fyodor , Carmel Yohay , Yakir Dan
Published: January 2023

Climate-related benefits of afforestation depend on the balance of the often-contrasting effects of biogeochemical (carbon sequestration) and biogeophysical (radiation balance) effects. These effects are known to vary at the continental scale (e.g., from boreal to tropical regions). Here, we show in a four-year study that the biogeochemical vs. biogeophysical balance in paired forested and non-forested ecosystems across short distances (approximately 200 Km) and steep aridity gradient (aridity index 0.64 to 0.18) can change dramatically. The required time for the forestation cooling effects via carbon sequestration, to surpass warming effects associated with the forests’ reduced albedo and suppressed longwave radiation, decreased from 213 years in the driest sites to 73 years in the intermediate and 43 years in the wettest sites. Climate-related benefits of forestation, previously considered at large-spatial scales, should be considered at high-spatial resolutions in climate-change mitigation programs aimed at taking advantage of the vast non-forested dry regions.
Revisiting Mt Fuji’s groundwater origins with helium, vanadium and environmental DNA tracers
Authors: Schilling O. S. , Nagaosa K. , Schilling T. U. , Brennwald M. S. , Sohrin R. , Tomonaga Y. , Brunner P. , Kipfer R. , Kato K.
Published: January 2023

Known locally as the water mountain, for millennia Japan’s iconic Mt Fuji has provided safe drinking water to millions of people via a vast network of groundwater and freshwater springs. Groundwater, which is recharged at high elevations, flows down Fuji’s flanks within three basaltic aquifers, ultimately forming countless pristine freshwater springs among Fuji’s foothills. Here we challenge the current conceptual model of Fuji being a simple system of laminar groundwater flow with little to no vertical exchange between its three aquifers. This model contrasts strongly with Fuji’s extreme tectonic instability due to its unique location on top of the only known continental trench–trench–trench triple junction, its complex geology and its unusual microbial spring water communities. On the basis of a unique combination of microbial environmental DNA, vanadium and helium tracers, we provide evidence for prevailing deep circulation and a previously unknown deep groundwater contribution to Fuji’s freshwater springs. The most substantial deep groundwater upwelling has been found along Japan’s most tectonically active region, the Fujikawa-kako Fault Zone. Our findings broaden the hydrogeological understanding of Fuji and demonstrate the vast potential of combining environmental DNA, on-site noble gas and trace element analyses for groundwater science.
Instant detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing bacteria from the urine of patients using infrared spectroscopy combined with machine learning
Authors: Abu-Aqil George , Suleiman Manal , Sharaha Uraib , Lapidot Itshak , Huleihel Mahmoud , Salman Ahmad
Published: January 2023

Early detection of ESBL-producing bacteria is crucial for effective and accurate treatment and simultaneously limits the development and spread of MDR bacteria.
Preliminary exploration of direct mercury speciation in solid samples by using thermal release coupled to electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry
Authors: Troitskii Dmitrii Yu. , Bekesha Ivan A. , Shuvaeva Olga V. , Plyusnin Pavel E.
Published: January 2023

Direct mercury speciation in solid samples is of particular importance for assessing its impact on the environment.
Cellular metabolism: a link connecting cellular behaviour with the physiochemical properties of biomaterials for bone tissue engineering
Authors: Chaudhary Shivani , Ghosal Doyel , Tripathi Pravesh , Kumar Sachin
Published: January 2023

This review highlights the importance of cell metabolism as a missing link connecting the cellular behavior and physicochemical properties of biomaterials and serves as a guiding principle for designing scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.
Biological anolyte regeneration system for redox flow batteries
Authors: Simoska Olja , Rhodes Zayn , Carroll Emily , Petrosky Katia N. , Minteer Shelley D.
Published: January 2023

A microbial-based system for redox flow battery (RBF) electrolyte regeneration system to address failure mechanisms in RBF devices.
A phototoxic thulium complex exhibiting intracellular ROS production upon 630 nm excitation in cancer cells
Authors: Obitz Daniel , Gkika Karmel S. , Heller Marvin , Keyes Tia E. , Metzler-Nolte Nils
Published: January 2023

A thulium(iii) terypyridine complex was synthesized with a pendant light harvesting antenna. The complex shows significant promise as a photosensitiser (PS) for photodynamic therapy (PDT) upon excitation in the therapeutic window (> 590 nm).
Emerging catalysts for the ambient synthesis of ethylene glycol from CO2 and its derivatives
Authors: Ye Runping , Huang Yuan-Yuan , Chen Chong-Chong , Yao Yuan-Gen , Fan Maohong , Zhou Zhangfeng
Published: January 2023

This review comments on the ambient synthesis of ethylene glycol from the thermocatalytic, photocatalytic, and electrocatalytic CO2 and its derivatives.
Dearomative bis-functionalization of quinoxalines and bis-N-arylation of (benz)imidazoles via Cu(ii)-mediated addition of boronic acids
Authors: Khandelia Tamanna , Ghosh Subhendu , Patel Bhisma K.
Published: January 2023

A Cu(OTf)2-mediated regioselective dearomative aryl-hydroxylation across the C(sp2)N bond of 2-aryl quinoxalines and bis-N-arylation of (benz)imidazoles were developed using aryl boronic acids.
Recent developments in visible light induced polymerization towards its application to nanopores
Authors: Förster Claire , Andrieu-Brunsen Annette
Published: January 2023

This review summarizes the state of the art of visible light induced polymerizations and highlights their potential for nanopore functionalization.
Investigating the Eley–Rideal recombination of hydrogen atoms on Cu (111)viaa high-dimensional neural network potential energy surface
Authors: Zhu Lingjun , Hu Ce , Chen Jialu , Jiang Bin
Published: January 2023

A prototypical Eley–Rideal reaction between incident H/D atoms and pre-covered D/H atoms on Cu (111) is studied by molecular dynamics simulations using a neural network potential with first-principles accuracy.
Cyano(fluoro)borate and cyano(hydrido)borate ionic liquids: low-viscosity ionic media for electrochemical applications
Authors: Riefer Jarno , Zapf Ludwig , Sprenger Jan A. P. , Wirthensohn Raphael , Endres Sebastian , Pöppler Ann-Christin , Gutmann Marcus , Meinel Lorenz , Ignat'ev Nikolai V. , Finze Maik
Published: January 2023

Low-viscosity room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) and [BnPh3P]+ salts with the cyano(fluoro)borate anions [BF(CN)3]− (MFB), [BF2(CN)2]− (DFB), and [BF3(CN)]− as well as the new mixed-substituted anion [BFH(CN)2]− (FHB) are described.
Correction: Factors impacting the aggregation/agglomeration and photocatalytic activity of highly crystalline spheroid- and rod-shaped TiO2 nanoparticles in aqueous solutions
Authors: Degabriel Thomas , Colaço Elodie , Domingos Rute F. , El Kirat Karim , Brouri Dalil , Casale Sandra , Landoulsi Jessem , Spadavecchia Jolanda
Published: January 2023

Correction for ‘Factors impacting the aggregation/agglomeration and photocatalytic activity of highly crystalline spheroid- and rod-shaped TiO2 nanoparticles in aqueous solutions’ by Thomas Degabriel, Elodie Colaço et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2018, 20, 12898–12907, https://doi.org/10.1039/C7CP08054A.
A unified ML framework for solubility prediction across organic solvents
Authors: Vassileiou Antony D. , Robertson Murray N. , Wareham Bruce G. , Soundaranathan Mithushan , Ottoboni Sara , Florence Alastair J. , Hartwig Thoralf , Johnston Blair F.
Published: January 2023

A generic framework for enhancing an initial solubility prediction with ML, even with simple methods and a modestly sized, sparse dataset. We dissect the setup to show the model “locking on” to the target system as more data are made available.
Easy preparation of small crystalline Pd2Sn nanoparticles in solution at room temperature
Authors: Dardun Vincent , Pinto Tania , Benaillon Loïc , Veyre Laurent , Galipaud Jules , Camp Clément , Meille Valérie , Thieuleux Chloé
Published: January 2023

We describe here a simple protocol yielding small (<2 nm) crystalline Pd2Sn nanoparticles (NPs) along with Pd homologues for sake of comparison.
Switching of the redox centers of a tris-2-mercaptophenolato chromium(iii) metalloligand by a guest metal ion
Authors: Wakizaka Masanori , Matsumoto Takeshi , Chang Ho-Chol
Published: January 2023

This work demonstrated the S-site binding tri-nuclear structure using a tris-type 2-mercaptophenolato metalloligand and switching of the redox centers.
Near thermal, selective liberation of hydrogen from formic acid catalysed by copper hydride ate complexes
Authors: Ma Howard Z. , Canty Allan J. , O'Hair Richard A. J.
Published: January 2023

Copper hydride ate complexes can effectively catalyse the selective decomposition of formic acid into carbon dioxide and hydrogen.
Two temperature-induced 1D CuII chain enantiomeric pairs showing different magnetic properties and nonlinear optical responses
Authors: Li Xi-Li , Li Yanan , Wang Ailing , Gao Congli , Cui Minghui , Liu Cai-Ming , Zhou Liming
Published: January 2023

We demonstrate that reaction temperature has a significant impact on the structures of two 1D CuII chain enantiomeric pairs and subsequently results in their completely distinct magnetic properties and large difference in NLO responses.
Mechanistic understanding of N2 activation: a comparison of unsupported and supported Ru catalysts
Authors: Reyes Yves Ira A. , Yang Kai-Shiang , Thang Ho Viet , Coluccini Carmine , Chen Shih-Yuan , Chen Hsin-Yi Tiffany
Published: January 2023

Our density functional theory calculations reveals a N2 activation mechanism that explains the different dissociation barriers of N2 on models of unsupported Ru(0001) terraces, Ru B5 sites, and polar MgO(111)-supported Ru B5 homologues.
Dietary full-fat rice bran prevents the risk of heart ferroptosis and imbalance of energy metabolism induced by prolonged cold stimulation
Authors: Sun Guodong , Su Wei , Bao Jiaxin , Teng Teng , Song Xin , Wang Jiawei , Shi Baoming
Published: January 2023

Prolonged cold stimulation activates ferroptosis via oxidative stress and disrupts energy metabolism in the heart of pig models. Dietary full-fat rice bran prevents the risk of heart ferroptosis and imbalance of energy metabolism.
A sustainable delamination method to completely separate spent cathode foils via biomass-derived γ-valerolactone
Authors: Fang Zheng , Duan Qiangling , Peng Qingkui , Wei Zesen , Jiang Lihua , Sun Jinhua , Wang Qingsong
Published: January 2023

The highly efficient and complete delamination of cathode foils in bio-derived γ-valerolactone is realized at a mild temperature, proposing a closed-loop recycling strategy for spent lithium-ion batteries.
Conformational-switch biosensors as novel tools to support continuous, real-time molecular monitoring in lab-on-a-chip devices
Authors: Parolo Claudio , Idili Andrea , Heikenfeld Jason , Plaxco Kevin W.
Published: January 2023

We argue that the introduction of high-frequency, real-time biosensors into LoCs could be used to establish high-value feed-back control functionalities.
Nanoparticle protein corona: from structure and function to therapeutic targeting
Authors: Bashiri Ghazal , Padilla Marshall S. , Swingle Kelsey L. , Shepherd Sarah J. , Mitchell Michael J. , Wang Karin
Published: January 2023

Representation of the influence of biological and nanoscale factors on protein corona conformation and function in a healthyversusa pathogenic biological environment.
Electrospun PVDF-based piezoelectric nanofibers: materials, structures, and applications
Authors: Zhang Mengdi , Liu Chengkun , Li Boyu , Shen Yutong , Wang Hao , Ji Keyu , Mao Xue , Wei Liang , Sun Runjun , Zhou Fenglei
Published: January 2023

Effects of filler doping and structural modification on the output properties and the applications of electrospun PVDF-based piezoelectric nanofiber films in the fields of health care, environmental monitoring, and energy collection are reviewed.
From CO2 to CS2: a theoretical investigation of the cycloaddition to aziridines mediated by metal-free porphyrin-based catalytic systems
Authors: Damiano Caterina , Panza Nicola , Nagy Jakub , Gallo Emma , Manca Gabriele
Published: January 2023

DFT studies revealed mechanistic similarities between CO2 and CS2 cycloaddition to aziridines for the synthesis of added-value sulfur-containing heterocycles.
Nickel vacancy tuning to tame polysulfide for Li–S batteries
Authors: Li Xuanyang , Tan Jian , Fang Zhan , Ye Mingxing , Shen Jianfeng
Published: January 2023

Ni vacancies causes redistribution of electrons and increases the surface polarity, which simultaneously enhances chemisorption and catalytic conversion of LiPSs.
Carboxamide and carbamate substituted π-conjugated polymers: the effect of hydrogen bonding on photovoltaic properties
Authors: Yang Wei , Zhang Dayong , Yu Junsheng , Zhang Qing
Published: January 2023

Thiophene–pyrazine–thiophene building blocks with carboxamide or carbamate substituents were synthesized. The synergistic effect between hydrogen bonding and π-conjugation improved the photovoltaic performances of semiconducting polymers.
Green synthesis of 3D cesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals and 2D Ruddlesden–Popper nanoplatelets in menthol-based deep eutectic solvents
Authors: Chatterjee Shovon , Sen Arghya , Sen Pratik
Published: January 2023

To overcome organic solvent hazards, deep eutectic solvents have been employed for the synthesis of cesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals/nanoplatelets.
Gold nanoparticle-based lateral flow immunoassay for the rapid detection of flutriafol residues in food
Authors: Liu Yang , Liu Liqiang , Xu Xinxin , Xu Chuanlai , Xu Liguang
Published: January 2023

We developed gold nanoparticle-based lateral flow immunoassay for the rapid detection of flutriafol residues in food, with a visual LOD in rice, tomatoes, and grapes of 0.5 mg kg−1, 0.2 mg kg−1 and 0.5 mg kg−1, respectively.
The fluorescence quenching mechanism of tetrazine-functionalized fluorogenic labels with integrated π-conjugations: internal conversion to a dark state
Authors: Shen Tianruo , Zhang Wenda , Yadav Priya , Sun Xiao Wei , Liu Xiaogang
Published: January 2023

We formalized a unique working mechanism – internal conversion to a dark state (ICDS) to rationalize the fluorogenicity of the tetrazine-fused fluorophores with integrated π-conjugations.
Bi2O3 modified TiO2 nanotube arrays and their application towards unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine degradation in wastewater by electroassisted photocatalysis
Authors: Zeng YiZhi , Zhou Feng , Gao Yuan
Published: January 2023

The preparation process parameters of TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNAs) prepared by anodic oxidation were systematically studied by the orthogonal experimental method. The TNAs were applied to bias potential assisted photocatalytic degradation of UDMH.
In situsynthesis of polythiophene encapsulated 2D hexagonal boron nitride nanocomposite based electrochemical transducer for detection of 5-fluorouracil with high selectivity
Authors: Muthukumaran Magesh Kumar , Govindaraj Muthukumar , Raja Bharathi Kannan , J Arockia Selvi
Published: January 2023

A PTh/h-BN composite was successfully fabricated for the first time, realizing excellent 5-fluorouracil sensing in the real sample with high sensitivity and selectivity, lowest LOD, wide linear range, and stability.
In vitro magnetic hyperthermia properties of angle-shaped superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles synthesized by a bromide-assisted polyol method
Authors: Kim Hoonsub , Im Pyung Won , Lee Chaedong , Hong Hwichan , Lee Wooseung , Koo Changhyuk , Park Sang Yoon , Im Hyung-Jun , Paek Sun Ha , Piao Yuanzhe
Published: January 2023

Currently, research on superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) for magnetic hyperthermia applications is steadily increasing.
A doped-polymer based porous silicon photonic crystal sensor for the detection of gamma-ray radiation
Authors: Sayed Fatma A. , Elsayed Hussein A. , Mehaney Ahmed , Eissa M. F. , Aly Arafa H.
Published: January 2023

In this research, a theoretical investigation of the one-dimensional defective photonic crystals is considered for the detection of gamma-ray radiation.
A binuclear aluminium complex as a single competent catalyst for efficient synthesis of urea, biuret, isourea, isothiourea, phosphorylguanidine, and quinazolinones
Authors: Bano Kulsum , Sharma Jyoti , Jain Archana , Tsurugi Hayato , Panda Tarun K.
Published: January 2023

A highly efficient chemoselective insertion of secondary amines, alcohols, thiols, and phosphine oxide as well as guanylation/cyclisation of acid aminoesters with heterocumulenes using a binuclear Al complex as a single competent catalyst is reported.
Long-term spatiotemporal and highly specific imaging of the plasma membrane of diverse plant cells using a near-infrared AIE probe
Authors: Zuo Jiaqi , Zhu Engao , Yin Wenjing , Yao Chuangye , Liao Jiajia , Ping Xinni , Zhu Yuqing , Cai Xuting , Rao Yuchun , Feng Hui , Zhang Kewei , Qian Zhaosheng
Published: January 2023

An AIE-active probe with NIR emission was designed to achieve ultralong-term spatiotemporal imaging of the plasma membranes of plant cells, and its long-term monitoring ability and wide applicability to diverse plant cells were demonstrated.
A nickel(ii)-based one-dimensional organic–inorganic halide perovskite ferroelectric with the highest Curie temperature
Authors: Ni Hao-Fei , Ye Lou-Kai , Zhuge Peng-Cheng , Hu Bo-Lan , Lou Jia-Rui , Su Chang-Yuan , Zhang Zhi-Xu , Xie Li-Yan , Fu Da-Wei , Zhang Yi
Published: January 2023

Organic–inorganic halide perovskites (OIHPs) are very eye-catching due to their chemical tunability and rich physical properties such as ferroelectricity, magnetism, photovoltaic properties and photoluminescence.
Insights into alloy/oxide or hydroxide interfaces in Ni–Mo-based electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution under alkaline conditions
Authors: Luo Min , Yang Jietian , Li Xingang , Eguchi Miharu , Yamauchi Yusuke , Wang Zhong-Li
Published: January 2023

The activity of Ni–Mo catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction originates from the interfaces of alloy–oxide or alloy–hydroxide, in which the oxide or hydroxide promotes water dissociation and the alloy accelerates hydrogen combination.
Maximized axial helicity in a Pd2L4cage: inverse guest size-dependent compression and mesocate isomerism
Authors: Bloch Witold M. , Horiuchi Shinnosuke , Holstein Julian J. , Drechsler Christoph , Wuttke Axel , Hiller Wolf , Mata Ricardo A. , Clever Guido H.
Published: January 2023

The extreme axial twist of a Pd2L4cage facilitates tight encapsulation of mono-anions through prolate-oblate cavity adaptation. In the absence of a suitable guest, the helical cage exists in equilibrium with an ‘unwound’ mesocate isomer.
Chemical signal regulated injectable coacervate hydrogels
Authors: Wu Bohang , Lewis Reece W. , Li Guotai , Gao Yifan , Fan Bowen , Klemm Benjamin , Huang Jianan , Wang Junyou , Cohen Stuart Martien A. , Eelkema Rienk
Published: January 2023

Incorporation of reversible Michael addition controlled coacervate crosslinks in a polymer hydrogel led to injectable gels that are responsive to nucleophilic chemical signals, enabling accelerated degradation in culture media after injection.
Resourceful utilization of methylene blue-contaminated water for the fabrication of an ultra-stable supercapacitor device
Authors: Acharya Sourav , Bag Subhodip , De Shrabani , Maity Chandan Kumar , Nayak Ganesh Chandra
Published: January 2023

A cost-effective approach to simultaneously mitigate problems of dye contaminated water and energy storage via fabrication of asymmetric supercapacitor using Methylene Blue adsorbed and stabilized carbonised grass-SnS2 composite.
Correction: Protective mechanisms of Zanthoxylum bungeanum essential oil on DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in mice based on a colonic mucosal transcriptomic approach
Authors: Zhang Huan , Guo Zhiqing , Wang Xiao , Xian Jing , Zou Liang , Zheng Chuan , Zhang Jinming
Published: January 2023

Correction for ‘Protective mechanisms of Zanthoxylum bungeanum essential oil on DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in mice based on a colonic mucosal transcriptomic approach’ by Huan Zhang et al., Food Funct., 2022, 13, 9324–9339, https://doi.org/10.1039/D1FO04323D.
Correction: Preparation of gypsum/sawdust green composite with spray coating
Authors: Dai Dasong , Fan Mizi
Published: January 2023

Correction for ‘Preparation of gypsum/sawdust green composite with spray coating’ by Dasong Dai et al., RSC Adv., 2015, 5, 96965–96971, https://doi.org/10.1039/C5RA18707A.
High‐speed target detection based on short‐time Fourier transform and sequence reversing transform
Authors: Wang Hui , Yi Jianxin , Luo Qianqian , Liu Huiheng , Zhu Juan
Published: January 2023

This letter addresses the coherent integration problem for detecting high‐speed target. A fast coherent integration method based on the short‐time Fourier transform (STFT) and sequence reversing transform (SRT), that is, STFT‐SRT, is proposed. In this method, STFT is first employed to obtain the velocity and improve the SNR without additional calculation. After that, SRT is presented to remove range migration (RM). Finally, the Fourier transform (FT) is conducted to achieve the coherent integration. The proposed algorithm can be easily implemented by using complex multiplications and the fast FT (FFT). Both simulated and real data results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Research on potential user identification and optimal planning of the multiple time scale cloud‐based location sharing energy storage
Authors: Jiang Wei , Dong Xingyu , Su Xiaoyun , Wang Yifei , Zhang Lizong , Jiang Zhengwei
Published: January 2023

Cloud energy storage is considered a promising application in future power systems. It focuses on optimally leveraging the capacity of centralized large‐scale energy storage compared with the requirements of small‐scale localized users. In this paper, to satisfy the small‐ and medium‐scale timely energy storage requirement from localized users, the concept of the cloud‐based location sharing energy storage is proposed. The modular mobile energy storage system is flexibly configured and deployed at different sites to fulfil the long‐term seasonally dynamic transformer capacity increment and short‐term daily energy arbitrage based on economic values. To optimize the overall incomes of the energy storage investment, a two‐step user potential identification algorithm is proposed to discover the most valuable users at different time scales from the regional power usage profile. Then, the number/capacity optimal planning algorithm is proposed to optimally share the mobile energy storage system among users seasonally and total profits are further increased through daily energy arbitrage at less valuable seasons. Finally, the structure and dispatching strategy of the cloud‐based location sharing energy storage management system is illustrated. Case study results prove that the proposed identification algorithm can excavate the most valuable users at different time scales and the optimal planning and operation strategy is able to guarantee the overall income benefits.
Self‐adaptive electrostatic discharge performance of ZnO microvaristors doped silicone rubber composites
Authors: Sun Ya , Yuan Zhikang , Hu Jun , Huang Zhiwen , Liu Xuan , Sun Gang , Li Qi , He Jinliang
Published: January 2023

With the increase in applied voltage and the decrease in volume, integrated electronic modules have become electrostatic sensitive. ZnO microvaristors doped silicone rubber (SiR) composite, with electric field‐dependent conductivity, shows promising prospects for solving the electrostatic problem. In this study, 20 vol% to 50 vol% ZnO/SiR composite films, filled with 10–30 μm ZnO microvaristors, were prepared and put into the test of electrostatic discharge. Compared with the insulating and conducting materials, ZnO/SiR composites achieve the lowest initial voltage and a short time constant of electrostatic discharge. With the increase of ZnO microvaristors volume fraction, from 20% to 50%, the initial voltage and the time constant of electrostatic discharge drop from 1.78 to 0.72 kV and 3.1 ms to 0.4 μs. When the ZnO volume fraction is higher than 30%, there is no residual voltage after 0.1 s. To explore the reason behind different electrostatic discharge performances of the ZnO/SiR composites, the conductivities of the composites were measured. It is found that the break‐over voltage of the composite drops with the increase in the ZnO microvaristors volume fraction. When a high voltage impulse is applied on the ZnO/SiR film, the composite will turn to the conducting state and release the electrostatic charge adaptively so that the initial voltage can be controlled. This work supplies a novel electrostatic discharge idea for electric and electronic devices.
GAGCN: Generative adversarial graph convolutional network for non‐homogeneous texture extension synthesis
Authors: Xie Shasha , Qian Wenhua , Nie Rencan , Xu Dan , Cao Jinde
Published: January 2023

In the non‐homogeneous texture synthesis task, the overall visual characteristics should be consistent when extending the local patterns of the exemplar. The existing methods mainly focus on the local visual features of patterns but ignore the relative position features that are important for non‐homogeneous texture synthesis. Although these methods have achieved success on homogeneous textures, they cannot perform well on non‐homogeneous textures. Thus, it is desirable to model the dependence between pixels to improve the synthesis performance. To ensure synthesis results from both the local detail structure and the overall structure, this paper proposes a non‐homogeneous texture extended synthesis model (GAGCN) combining the generate adversarial network (GAN) and the graph convolutional network (GCN). The GAN learns the internal distribution of image patches, which makes the synthetic image have rich local details. The GCN learns the latent dependence between pixels according to the statistical characteristics of the image. Based on this, a novel graph similarity loss is proposed. This loss describes the latent spatial differences between the sample image and the generated image, which helps the model to better capture global features. Experiments show that our method outperforms existing methods on non‐homogeneous textures.
SOAP-GPU: Efficient spectral modeling of stellar activity using graphical processing units
Authors: Zhao Y. , Dumusque X.
Published: January 2023

Context. Stellar activity mitigation is one of the major challenges in the detection of Earth-like exoplanets in radial velocity measurements. Several promising techniques are being developed to investigate the use of spectral time series and differentiate between stellar and planetary perturbations. In this context, developing a software that can efficiently explore the parameter space of stellar activity at the spectral level is of great importance.

Aims. The goal of this paper is to present a new version of the Spot Oscillation And Planet (SOAP) 2.0 code that is able to model stellar activity at the spectral level using graphical processing units (GPUs).

Methods. We took advantage of the computational power of GPUs to optimise the computationally expensive algorithms behind the original SOAP 2.0 code. For that purpose, we developed GPU kernels that allow for stellar activity to be modeled on any given wavelength range. In addition to the treatment of stellar activity at the spectral level, SOAP-GPU also includes a change of spectral line bisectors from center to limb. It can also take PHOENIX spectra as input to model the quiet photosphere, spots, and faculae, allowing for simulations of stellar activity for a wider space in terms of stellar properties.

Results. Benchmark calculations show that for the same accuracy, this new code improves the computational speed by a factor of 60, as compared to a modified version of SOAP 2.0 that generates spectra, when modeling stellar activity on the full visible spectral range with a resolution of R = 115 000. Although the code now includes the variation of spectral line bisector with center-to-limb angle, the effect on the derived RVs is minimal. We also show that it is not possible to fully separate the flux from the convective blueshift effect when modeling spots, due to their lower temperature and the subsequent appearance of molecular absorption in their spectra. Shown to be rather negligible for the Sun, this degeneracy between the flux and convective blueshift effect becomes more important when we move to cooler stars. However, this issue does not impact the estimation of the total effect (flux plus convection), demonstrating that users can trust this output.

Conclusions. The publicly available SOAP-GPU code allows us to efficiently model stellar activity at the spectral level, which is essential for testing further stellar activity mitigation techniques at the level of spectral time series that are not affected by other sources of noise. Besides a huge gain in performance, SOAP-GPU also includes more physics and is able to model different stars than the Sun, from F to K dwarfs, thanks to the use of the PHOENIX spectral library. However, we do note that due to the limited understanding of stellar convection and activity on other stars than the Sun, the more we move away from the solar case and the more carefully we ought to consider the output of the code.
The Planck clusters in the LOFAR sky
Authors: Jones A. , de Gasperin F. , Cuciti V. , Botteon A. , Zhang X. , Gastaldello F. , Shimwell T. , Simionescu A. , Rossetti M. , Cassano R. , Akamatsu H. , Bonafede A. , Brüggen M. , Brunetti G. , Camillini L. , Di Gennaro G. , Drabent A. , Hoang D. N. , Rajpurohit K. , Natale R. , Tasse C. , van Weeren R. J.
Published: January 2023

Context. It is well established that shock waves in the intracluster medium launched by galaxy cluster mergers can produce synchrotron emission, which is visible to us at radio frequencies as radio relics. However, the particle acceleration mechanism producing these relics is still not fully understood. It is also unclear how relics relate to radio halos, which trace merger-induced turbulence in the intracluster medium.

Aims. We aim to perform the first statistical analysis of radio relics in a mass-selected sample of galaxy clusters, using homogeneous observations.

Methods. We analysed all relics observed by the Low Frequency Array Two Metre Sky Survey Data Release 2 (LoTSS DR2) at 144 MHz, hosted by galaxy clusters in the second Planck catalogue of SZ sources (PSZ2). We measured and compared the relic properties in a uniform, unbiased way. In particular, we developed a method to describe the characteristic downstream width in a statistical manner. Additionally, we searched for differences between radio relic-hosting clusters with and without radio halos.

Results. We find that, in our sample, ∼10% of galaxy clusters host at least one radio relic. We confirm previous findings, at higher frequencies, of a correlation between the relic-cluster centre distance and the longest linear size, as well as the radio relic power and cluster mass. However, our findings suggest that we are still missing a population of low-power relics. We also find that relics are wider than theoretically expected, even with optimistic downstream conditions. Finally, we do not find evidence of a single property that separates relic-hosting clusters with and without radio halos.
Foncier irrigué et accès à l’eau dans les rizières d’Asie du Sud
Authors: Aubriot Olivia
Published: January 2023

Cet article propose une réflexion à partir d’une relecture de mes données de terrain, au Népal et en Inde du Sud, suscitée par la notion de foncier irrigué. La première partie se penche sur la façon de penser cette notion pour les rizières. Celles-ci occupent en effet en Asie du Sud une place discriminante dans les classifications administrative et vernaculaire des terres, bousculée par l’irrigation par eau souterraine. Certaines rizières, par ailleurs, peuvent être cultivées sans irrigation grâce aux pluies de mousson, ce dont ne rendent pas compte les représentations visuelles classiques des périmètres irrigués (photo aérienne, image satellitaire, cartes de réseaux d’irrigation) qui occultent les difficultés d’accès à l’eau des riziculteurs. La notion de foncier irrigué montre alors des limites en riziculture, si les rizières non irriguées ne sont pas distinguées. Cette notion a toutefois l’avantage d’inciter à traiter des liens entre droit à l’eau et droit au foncier, objectif de la deuxième partie de l’article. Dans un contexte de pluralisme juridique, les exemples présentés illustrent la diversité de ces interactions : soit la définition du droit à l’eau est modifiée pour augmenter le foncier irrigué ; soit les interactions dynamiques entre droit à l’eau et droit à la terre font que l’eau est utilisée afin d’obtenir un droit foncier légitime. En revanche, en cas de faire valoir indirect, le statut foncier continue de compromettre l’accès à l’eau. Le statut du foncier irrigué (ou potentiellement irrigable) est important à prendre en considération pour saisir les dynamiques de gestion de l’eau.