bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Arte-Educação e Ciberespaço: Ponderações sobre o Contexto Pós-moderno
Authors: Gusmão Roney
Published: June 2022

Entendemos o ciberespaço como arquétipo da vida pós-moderna, tanto porque revela especificidades do comportamento dos sujeitos contemporâneos, como também porque maximiza a desestabilização de referenciais monolíticos legados pela modernidade. Para a arte-educação, a cibercultura se torna fundamental porque evidencia características contextuais desta espetacularização de imagens e seus apelos sensórios, além de contribuir com deslocamentos discursivos pertinentes à desessencialização de códigos estéticos. Interessa-nos interpretar discursos de professores de artes sobre os usos possíveis dos espaços virtuais, tendo como propósito refletir sobre o cenário pandêmico recente e os dilemas postos à prática educativa numa perspectiva pós-moderna. Para tanto, estamos realizando entrevistas com professores de artes do Ensino Médio, tendo em vista compreender os efeitos da realidade remota na abordagem da arte-educação.

Palavras-chave: Pós-modernidade. Arte-educação. Ciberespaço.
Câhız’ın Ahlâk Teorisine Göre Mizacın Değişmesi ve Pratik Değeri
Authors: BAYIR Emine
Published: June 2022

Mizaç, asıl itibarıyla tıp alanının konusu olmakla beraber zamanla psikoloji, felsefe ve ahlâk gibi ilimlerin içerisinde yer almıştır. Ontolojik olarak insanın yapısını içeren bir konu olması nedeniyle tarihsel süreçte bu ilimlerde değişik açılardan ele alınmış, geliştirilmiş ve genişleyerek günümüze kadar gelmiştir. Köklü ve kadîm bir konu olması, muhtelif ilimlerde incelenmesi nedeniyle de oldukça geniş bir literatüre sahiptir. Kökleri eski Mısır’a kadar uzanan bu teoriyi Hipokrat tıp alanında, Galen biyolojik alanda geliştirmiş, İslâm ilim dünyasında da başta Câhız olmak üzere bazı âlimler eserlerinde ele almıştır. Mizaç, ilk olarak bedendeki yapısına dair ahlât-ı erbaa (dört hılt/karışım: kan, balgam, sarı safra, kara safra) teorisiyle açıklanmıştır. Bu dört sıvının vücutta değişip değişmediği hususu ise tarihi boyunca zamanın ve zeminin koşullarında tartışılan bir mesele olmuştur. Galen’in görüşlerinden etkilenen Câhız’ın, mizaçla ilgili müstakil bir eseri bulunmamaktadır. Bununla beraber o, bazı eserlerinde mizacın değişmesine dair görüşler ileri sürmüş ancak dağınık bir yazı tarzı olduğundan bunları sistematik olarak ele almamıştır. Bu makalede Câhız’la ilgili yapılan çalışmalardan ve bazı eserlerinden tespit ettiğimiz kadarıyla onun bu görüşlerini derleyerek iki aşamada sistematize etmeyi amaçladık. Çalışmamızda mizacın değişmesiyle kastettiğimiz şey, insanda var olan kötü huyun/mizacın ortadan kalkması, yerine iyi mizacın getirilmesi hususudur.

Câhız, mizacın değişebilmesi için insanı bir çabanın öznesi olarak görür ve bunu iki aşamada değerlendirir. Ona göre insan, ilk olarak zihinsel bir çaba içerisine girer ve bu aşamada, havâtır, tekellüf ve telkin gibi birtakım süreçlerden geçer. Bu noktada iyi’nin alınması kötü’nün terkedilmesi hususunda aklın önemine dikkat çeker. Peki, Câhız’a göre mizacın değişmesi için bu süreçler yeterli midir? Deney ve gözlem analizlerine dayanarak Câhız, sadece bu yöntemlerle insanın zorlanacağını kabul ederek onu, ikinci bir çabaya davet eder. Bunun için de dışarıdan mutlaka takviye alınmasını uygun görür. Ona göre, din, eğitim, toplum içinde olma, siyasi otorite mizacın değişmesine etki eden unsurlardır. Câhız, özellikle halk arasında âdeta bir tabu olarak kabul edilegelmiş “can çıkar ama huy/mizaç çıkmaz” anlayışını ortadan kaldıracak mahiyette görüşler ileri sürmektedir. Açık ve anlaşılır bir üslupla mizacın/huyun değişebileceğini, günlük hayatta bunun uygulanabilirliğini asırlar öncesinden bizlere aktarmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Câhız’ın mizaçla ilgili görüşleri diğer çalışmalardan farklı olarak iki aşamada değerlendirilmiş, insanın mizacı tebdil-i ahlâk zemininde ele alınarak kelâm alanına katkısı düşünülmüştür.
Ebû Hanîfe’nin İmanda Eşitlik Görüşü ve Sosyal Hayata Yansıması
Authors: AKIN Murat
Published: June 2022

Ebû Hanîfe (ö. 150/767), tarihi süreç itibariyle ilk dönemde kelâm ilminin temel konularını ele almış ve bu konularda bid'at gördüğü fırkalar karşısında tercih ettiği görüşleri beyan etmiştir. Daha sonra kelamcılar, belirlenen bu görüşleri değişen şartlara ve zamana göre farklı argümanlarla temellendirmeye çalışmışlardır. Şüphesiz kelâm ilmi açısından Ebû Hanîfe’nin söylediği ve daha sonraki nesillere aktardığı konular içerisinde en önemlilerinden birisi de imanla ilgili olanlardır. Zira iman, inananın yaratıcısıyla kurduğu en sıkı ve köklü bir bağdır. Birey bu bağ vesilesiyle dünyasını ve ahiretini şekillendirir. Diğer taraftan iman, içerisinde şüpheyi barındırmayıp kesinlik taşıyan bir olgudur. Bu yönüyle kişi kesin bir şekilde iman ettikten sonra inananlarla aynı kategoriye dâhil olup Kur’ân’ın ifadesiyle mümin veya Müslüman olarak isimlendirilmektedir. Zira hangi ırktan veya renkten olursa olsun aynı esaslara inandığından aynı ismi almaktadır. Müslümanların kendi içerisinde farklılaştıkları ve doğal olarak görüş ayrılıklarının arttığı bir dönemde yaşayan Ebû Hanîfe, İslâm’ın temel ilkelerine vurgu yaparak imanı ortak payda kabul etmektedir. Ebû Hanîfe bunu “imanda müsâvât/eşitlik” olarak belirtmektedir. İmanın mahiyeti ile ilgili konulardaki farklılaşmanın bir neticesi olarak tartışılan imanda eşitlik meselesi, amelin imandan sayılıp sayılmamasına göre şekillenmektedir. Ebû Hanîfe, ameli imanın bir cüz’ü olarak değerlendirmediğinden imanda eşitliği savunmuş olmaktadır. Bu görüş, daha sonraları Mâtürîdî geleneğinde birçok âlim tarafından da devam ettirilmiştir. Hanefî-Mâtürîdî geleneğinde imanda tasdik ve kesinlik gibi konuların yanı sıra imanda eşitlik meselesi de Ebû Hanîfe’nin fikirlerine dayalı olarak şekillendiği görülmektedir. İmanda eşitlik kabul edildiğinde bir kimsenin diğerinin imanını sorgulaması ve kendi imanının diğerinden daha üstün olduğunu söylemesi engellenmektedir. Çünkü bunu bilebilecek olan sadece Allah’tır. Diğer taraftan imanda eşitlik anlayışı ile dış görünüşün ve şekilciliğin, kişinin dini hayatında belirleyici olmasının önüne geçilmiş olmaktadır. Böylelikle iman eden kişi, iman ettiği halde amelinde eksiklik olan din kardeşini tekfir etmemeli ve dışlamamalıdır. Bu durum sosyal hayatta birlik ve beraberliğin sağlanmasında önemli bir etken olmaktadır. Ebû Hanîfe’nin imanda eşitlik görüşü çağdaş paradigmalara göre okunduğunda onun bugüne hitap eden insan sevgisi, hoşgörüsü ve ümmetin birliğine yaptığı vurgusu açıklıkla müşahede edilmektedir. Dolayısıyla teolojik bir meselenin toplumsal hayata yansımasının da ön plana çıkarıldığı düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışma, Ebû Hanîfe’ye nispet edilen ve günümüze ulaşan risalelerden hareketle imanla ilgili konular içerisinde “imanda eşitlik” meselesini ve bunun sosyal hayata yansımasını incelenmeyi hedeflemektedir.
Ruhçu Düşünceye Karşı Bir Argüman Olarak Ayrık-Beyin Vakası
Authors: YILMAZ Aykut Alper
Published: June 2022

Ruhçu anlayışın temel problemlerinden biri, hiçbir maddi özelliğe sahip olmayan ruhun nasıl olup da maddi bir bedeni etkilediğidir. Zira gayri-maddi bir varlığın nasıl maddeyle etkileşime geçtiğini anlamak güçtür. Bilhassa beynin çalışma tarzına ve psikolojimizi nasıl etkilediğine dair bilimsel anlayışımız arttıkça, zihin için bir ruha gereksinim olup olmadığı sorusu da kendisini daha güçlü bir biçimde gösterir. Bu bağlamda beyin ve zihin arasındaki sıkı bağa dair güncel veriler, ruh anlayışına karşı bir itiraz olarak çokça dillendirilir. Yakın zamanda ruh anlayışına karşı ağır bir darbe vurduğu öne sürülen güncel verilerden biri de ayrık-beyin vakası oldu. Ayrık-beyin vakası, beyin yarıküreleri cerrahi bir müdahaleyle birbirinden ayrılan hastaların durumuna verilen isimdir. Bu vakanın düalizme karşı kullanılan diğer vakalardan farkı ise bilincin bütünlüğünün de beyne bağlı olduğuna işaret etmesiydi. Zira daha önce, zihinsel pek çok işlevle beyin arasında bağ kurulmuşsa da bilincin bütünlüğü arasında kurulmamıştı. Hatta aksine, beynin çok parçalı bir yapı olması sebebiyle bilinç bütünlüğünü sağlayamayacağı, bu nedenle de bölünemeyen bir ruhun gerekli olduğu şeklinde argümanlar ruhun varlığı lehine kullanılıyordu. Oysa ayrık-beyin vakasında, beyin yarıküreleri birbirinden ayrılan hastalar, farklı iki kişi gibi düşünebiliyor ve hareket edebiliyordu. Bu ise binlerce yıldır bireyin ve ruhun bölünemez olduğunu savunan ruhçu teorinin aksine bir durum olarak yorumlanmaktadır. Elinizdeki çalışma da ayrık-beyin vakasının gerçekten de düalizme karşı güçlü bir argüman sunup sunmadığını ele almaktadır. Burada öncelikle, ayrık-beyin vakasına ilişkin daha detaylı bilgiler verilecektir. Ardından bu vakayı düalizme karşı kullananların argümanları ve meselenin niçin ruhçu teori açısında problemli göründüğü meselesi ele alınacaktır. Sonrasında ise düalistlerin bu problem karşısındaki tavırlarını ve sundukları bazı çözüm önerilerini değerlendirilecektir. Düalistlerin bu noktada izledikleri üç farklı stratejiden bahsedilebilir. Bunlardan birincisi, ayrık-beyin vakası sonucunda bilincin bölündüğü fikrini ikincisi ise ruhun bölünemez olduğu fikrini reddeder, üçüncü yol ise her ikisini birden kabul etmekle birlikte bunların çelişmediğini, zira tek bir ruhun bölünmüş bilince sahip olacağını savunur. Burada her üç görüşün de avantajlarını ve dezavantajlarını gördükten sonra, bu çözüm önerilerinin ayrık-beyin meselesine iyi bir açıklama sunup sunmadıklarını değerlendireceğim. Benim iddiam, ayrık-beyin vakası sonucunda birden fazla bilinç akışının ortaya çıktığı kabul edildiği takdirde dahi bunun düalizm için bitirici bir darbe olarak görülemeyeceğidir. Buna rağmen söz konusu vaka, düalizme karşı güçlü bir argüman olarak kabul edilebilir. Zira bir karşı argümanın güçlü olması için karşı çıktığı şeyin yanlışlığını kesin bir şekilde göstermesi gerekmez. Onun doğru olma ihtimalinin zayıflığını göstermesi bile yeterlidir. Bu açıdan ayrık-beyin vakası, düalizmin doğru olma olasılığını büyük ölçüde zayıflatmaktadır.
Self-Paced Learning: Islamic Religious Education Learning Method in Elementary School during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Astuti Efi Tri , Maulana M Fahmi , Ali Hussein Saadi Mohammed
Published: June 2022

Teachers must be creative educators and be able to choose the right learning methods. This study aims to describe the implementation of the Self-Paced Learning method in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning at SDN Pucangsewu, Pacitan District, Pacitan Regency. This study uses a qualitative approach, with a descriptive qualitative approach. The results of the study indicate that the application of the Self-Paced Learning method in Islamic Religious Education learning can help students increase enthusiasm, response, material understanding, and learning outcomes for fourth and fifth grade students. The application of this method is very relevant to the conditions of the physical distance policy. This method has the concept of independent learning with flexible time and is in accordance with Islamic Religious Education material. The learning media used include YouTube, Website, WhatsApp, and E-Books. The teacher provides material through media that is in accordance with the material during face-to-face learning at school. The evaluation process is carried out according to the provisions of the 2013 curriculum. Besides having a positive impact on students, it also has an impact on teachers, namely increasing teacher creativity. However, the application of this method has drawbacks, depending on the availability of mobile devices.
Specifications for Textbook Materials at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah
Authors: Suwardi Suwardi , Habibi Burhan Yusuf
Published: June 2022

This study aims to find the specification of textbook material for grade 1 Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) in Salatiga City. This study used descriptive qualitative and descriptive quantitative approaches. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed to describe the data obtained through the interview method, with the type of guided interview. The interview method used an interview guide instrument, analyzed through the stages of analyzing data, reducing data, categorizing data, interpreting data, and drawing conclusions. Meanwhile, a quantitative descriptive approach was utilized to describe the data obtained through a questionnaire, which used a filling type questionnaire. Questionnaire data were then analyzed using descriptive statistical formulas. The study results found that the material specifications for the MI grade 1 textbook in Salatiga City had been adjusted to the core competencies (KI) and basic competencies (KD) set by the government; the development of the material was sourced from information technology that can be accounted for and from similar books; the material was adapted to the students' abilities; the material was adapted to the conditions of the student's cultural environment; the material paid attention to the condition of student diversity; the material contains factual truths and concepts; supporting learning; the material begins with question and command sentences. The theoretical implication of this finding is that it can be used as a reference in assessing and developing textbooks at MI.
Bioética clínica e ensino-aprendizagem de estudantes de Farmácia
Authors: Rodrigues de Menezes Frederico , Ferreira Gomides Lindisley , Soares de Souza Lima Bruna
Published: June 2022

De maneira geral, a atenção em saúde engloba atividades que demandam dos profissionais farmacêuticos a atuação clínica segura. Essa atuação considera a relação aperfeiçoada com os pacientes por meio de atributos para lidar com cenários conflitantes, os chamados “problemas ético-morais”. Nesse sentido, o método deliberativo de Diego Gracia atua na discussão democrática prudente de casos com base em fatos, valores e deveres, formando comitês multiprofissionais. O estudo em questão apresenta contribuições da aplicação do método deliberativo em sala de aula, com a abordagem de problemas relevantes para a atividade farmacêutica e humana sob o olhar da Bioética contemporânea trabalhado em conjunto com discentes do curso de Farmácia dos 6o e 10o períodos, respectivamente. A deliberação como estratégia de ensino possibilitou a reflexão dos alunos quanto às inúmeras perspectivas na tomada de decisão em saúde, considerando aspectos como cultura, religião e sociedade; além disso, exaltou a importância das disciplinas concernentes à Deontologia e à Bioética na matriz curricular.
Modeling of changes in the cerebral cortex under low radiation exposure
Authors: Gundarova O. P. , Fedorov V. P. , Kvaratskheliya A. G. , Maslov N. V.
Published: June 2022

The aim of the investigation was to reveal changes in the neurons of the cerebral cortex depending on the dose of γ-irradiation, the dose rate of exposure, the mode of exposure (acute and chronic) and to establish the priority of each of the influencing factors (γ-irradiation, recovery time and their joint impact) in the end result.

Material and methods. The experiment, in compliance with the rules of bioethics, was carried out on 300 adult white rats that were exposed to acute and chronic γ-irradiation in total doses from 10 to 100 cGy with a dose rate of 50 to 660 cGy/h. The sensory and motor areas of the cerebral cortex were studied throughout life after exposure to radiation using traditional neuromorphological, histochemical, and statistical methods, followed by mathematical modeling of the obtained evaluation criteria.

Results. Despite the peculiarities of the regimes of radiation exposure, all of them did not cause statistically significant changes in functionally different areas of the cerebral cortex. Throughout the entire recovery period, both in control and experimental animals, phase stochastic changes were observed in various neuromorphological indicators of the state of nerve cells, which, as a rule, had a borderline character, and the level of their significance fluctuated in relation to the control within insignificant limits. At the same time, the change in some neuromorphological parameters was more influenced by the dose or dose rate of γ-irradiation, while others were influenced by the recovery time. With the combined effect of the radiation factor and the duration of the recovery period, most of the indicators corresponded to the age control.

Conclusion. Statistically significant changes in the state of neurons in both sensory and motor areas of the cerebral cortex under the considered modes of γ-irradiation in total doses up to 100 cGy were not revealed.
Giovanni Sartori (2011). Cómo hacer ciencia política. Lógica, método y lenguaje en las ciencias sociales. Madrid: Taurus
Authors: Ahedo Unai
Published: June 2022

En esta obra, el politólogo italiano Giovanni Sartori nos insiste en la necesidad que tenemos en las ciencias sociales de contar con conceptos, términos y categorías con un significado ampliamente consensuado, claro y preciso. Para el autor, contar con un lenguaje propio y especializado constituye el pilar sobre el que se debe asentar toda disciplina científica. Por tanto, antes de optar por el “llámalo como quieras” o de ahogarnos en un mar de datos, politólogos y sociólogos debemos tratar de determinar sobre qué estamos hablando. Solo así podremos avanzar como disciplinas científicas.
TEACHING ENGLISH USING WHATSAPP DURING LEARNING FROM HOME: IMPACTS TO STUDENTS AND IMPLICATION TO TEACHERS
Authors: Fauzi Iwan
Published: June 2022

This research departed from the result of training on the development of online learning design for secondary school teachers before the pandemic. On that training, WhatsApp is the best choice to be implemented by the teachers. In this research, WhatsApp-based learning design is chosen to facilitate English teachers during learning from home. As a result, the impact for students is that their learning outcomes were positively correlated to their perception, knowledge, motivation, and attitudes during learning from home using WhatsApp. Then, the implication of this research is that English teachers have competitiveness and also competence in the utilization of digital technology, especially in developing English learning designs while they taught from home.
Exploring Upper Primary School Novice EFL Teachers Application of Pedagogical Content Knowledge during Speaking Lessons: The Case of East Shawa Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Dhinsa Wakjira Gabisa , Duguma Melaku Wakuma
Published: June 2022

There have been contentions on the significance between content and pedagogical knowledge among language scholars. The introduction of PCK (Pedagogical Content Knowledge) seems to merge the disparity. PCK is a special amalgam between content and pedagogy, which is unique to teachers and especially to experienced teachers. However, teacher training institutions place different emphasis on content and pedagogy. As a result, novice teachers encounter various challenges in their professional career in applying appropriate PCK in the classrooms. This study was aimed at exploring EFL novice teachers’ implementation of PCK in upper primary schools during speaking lessons. The results show that upper primary school EFL novice teachers had gaps in Subject Matter Knowledge (SMK) and PCK to teach EFL speaking skills though they believe that they are equally important to teach speaking skills which they consider as one of the most difficult areas for them to teach. Hence, teacher training colleges need to provide trainees with strong content and pedagogical backgrounds.
Anticipatory Resource of Temporary Regulation of Sensorimotor Action
Authors: Plokhikh Viktor , Popovych Ihor , Koval Iryna , Stepanenko Larysa , Nosov Pavlo , Zinchenko Serhii , Boiaryn Liliia , Zavatskyi Vadym
Published: June 2022

The aim of the study is to determine the composition and functional significance of anticipatory resources in the process of temporal regulation of sensorimotor action. Materials and methods. The subjects were male (35 people) and female (31 people) students. The tasks of a simple sensory response, a choice reaction (three alternatives), and a “double choice” were implemented in a computer version of the experiment. In the “double choice” task, the stimulation variation was first provided (possible stimuli: one or three), and then a stimulus for a fast motor response was presented after some time, the orientation time (independent variable). Results. The participants’ initial reaction to the option with three alternative stimuli in the “double choice” task was negative. The time of the motor response falls linearly as the orientation time increases in both the male and female groups for the variant with one possible stimulus and the frequency of anticipatory effects and premature actions increases in a quadratic pattern. It must be noted that with enough orientation time, determining the expected duration of the sensorimotor action is quite straightforward. It was demonstrated that, in the presence of a margin of orientation time, operational estimates and revisions of the time required to accomplish an action dramatically improve the likelihood of anticipatory effects. Conclusions. Actualization of the anticipatory resource (which includes temporary memory standards, the ability to accurately determine and correlate the durations of processes and time intervals, time estimation skills, and individual characteristics that influence decision making) ensures the determination of the total duration of a sensorimotor action, prompt correction of its implementation, and a significant reduction in the time it takes to respond to a motor stimulus.
Functional Implications of Oral Papillomatosis
Authors: Andrei Elena-Cristina , Busu Oprea Valentin , Bobilca Valentina Gabriela , Paun Irina
Published: June 2022

The papillomatous lesion has a number of implications that destabilize the normal functioning of the stomatognathic system, but also it has psychological implications. A patient with a papilloma located in an area of maximum visibility tends to be less exposed in public, to reduce socialization, to feel embarrassed. Oral papilloma affects the masticatory function, phonation, but also aesthetics.
Understanding how local immunity works in patients diagnosed with oral papilloma is essential. Local immunity influences the evolution of the papillomatous oral lesion. Toll-like receptors are extremely important in the immune process of oral papilloma. Toll-like receptors can be used as indicators of lesion progression. A reduced expression of these receptors in the focus of the lesion is suggestive of pathological progress. It is also emphasized that in the oral cavity we find a well-represented local immune system which cells have an immune role and whose expression influences the evolution of the disease. The most incriminating factor in the occurrence of oral papilloma is HPV infection. The persistent inflammatory process produced by the HPV virus stimulates the development of oral, pharyngeal, laryngeal neoplasms. The HPV virus acts as a direct inducer in the process of transforming the benign lesion into a malignant lesion. Macrophages play an important role in the malignancy potential induced by the HPV virus. Macrophages are activated by increasing the metabolic rate and fighting tumor cells.
Neuropsychological Approach in the Study of Linguistic Phenomena in the Context of the Study of the Conceptual Sphere of People’s Morality
Authors: Skrypnyk Nadiia , Khomiak Ivan , Lebed Iuliia , Spatar Iryna , Overchuk Olena , Golopyc Inna
Published: June 2022

The research focuses on the study of speech phenomena developed in the context of the conceptual sphere as an effective approach to the use of neuropsychology. Neuropsychology considers the acquisition of new knowledge on human perception and processing of new information as a separate mental process. This paper studies the formation of linguistic phenomena in the context of the cultural development of man, which in the course of evolutionary-historical process has created distinctive linguistic-ethnic linguistic images. The linguistic identity of man is created in the representation of man and is represented by a set of concepts, i.e. it is a conceptual sphere. The current state of the humanities has led to the relevance of ethno linguistic studies, which present the results of studies of the reflection in the national consciousness of extra linguistic phenomena that form the basis for a holistic worldview and function as concepts. The latter are cultural, mental and linguistic phenomena that are integral mental-linguistic constructs, but can be studied for each of the components, including language. Cognitive experience, which can be identified and analyzed in language phenomena, is a verbalized (fixed to a bilateral linguistic unit) reflection of sensual and rational experiences of an individual (group, society, ethnicity) of a number of events, impressions, often located in speech - in dialect, literary language, the carrier of which he is). General scientific and special linguistic methods will ensure the complexity of the study of verbalizers of the concepts of folk morality.
Classification of Brain Tumor using Hybrid Deep Learning Approach
Authors: Singh Manu , Shrimali Vibhakar
Published: June 2022

Diagnosis of tumor at its early stage is the most challenging task for its treatment in the area of neurology. As, brain tumor is the most common problem in the world, so tremendous research is being carried out to find out the cancer during its onset stages. The task of diagnosis as well as its automation has been extremely difficult using conventional image processing methods. In view of this, a novel technique has been proposed based on convolutional neural network architecture to classify the brain tumor which assists radiologists and physicians to make their decision fast and accurate. The proposed deep learning structure helps to analyze and produce better feature maps to classify the variations in the normal and malignant cases. The proposed method i.e. Hybrid Deep Neural Network (H-DNN) architecture is the combination of two different DNN. First Deep Neural Network (DNN-1) uses the spatial texture information of the cranial Magnetic Resonance (MR) images, whereas in the second method Deep Neural Network (DNN-2) uses the frequency domain information of the MRI scans. Finally, we combine both neural networks to produce better classification result based on prediction score. The training input to the DNN-1 is the texture which is computed by Local Binary Patterns, whereas the DNN-2 uses the frequencies, which have being calculated by Wavelet Transformation as its training input. Here two Dataset have been used for the evaluation of the proposed model i.e. Real MRI dataset and BraTS 2012 MRI Dataset for T2- weighted MRI scans. In this study, the proposed model provides 98.7% classification accuracy, which outperforms the other methods as reported in the related work. Also comparisons of Accuracy, Sensitivity and Specificity of the proposed method has been done with DNN-1 and DNN-2 architecture to indicate that the reported model gives better results when compared to the other methods.
Gut microbiome and neurocritically ill patients
Authors: Dono Antonio , Esquenazi Yoshua , Choi Huimahn A.
Published: June 2022

Since the times of Rokitansky and Cushing, we have been fascinated by the connections between the gut and the brain. Recent advances in next-generation sequencing techniques have shown that this relationship is even more complex and integral to our sense of self than previously imagined. As these techniques refine our understanding of the abundance and diversity of the gut bacterial microbiome, the relationship between the gut and the brain has been redefined. Now, this is understood as a complex symbiotic network with bidirectional communication, the gut-brain axis. The implication of this communication involves an intense focus of research on a variety of chronic psychiatric, neurological, neurodegenerative, and neuro-oncological diseases. Recently, the gut-brain axis has been studied in neurologically ill patients requiring intensive care. Preliminary studies have shown that acute brain injury changes the bacterial phenotype from one that is symbiotic with the host human to one that is pathologic, termed the “pathobiome.” This can contribute to nosocomial pneumonia and sepsis. The first studies in neurologically ill patients in the neurointensive care unit (NeuroICU) demonstrated changes in the gut microbiome between neuroICU patients and healthy matched subjects. Specifically, a decrease in short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria and increase in harmful gut microbes have been associated with mortality and decreased function at discharge. Although these preliminary findings are exciting and have opened a new field of research in the complex NeuroICU population, there are several limitations and challenges. Further investigation is needed to confirm these correlations and understand their implications on patients in a complex intensive care environment.
At the Dawn of Legal History: Teaching Law in Ancient Mesopotamia
Authors: Fijałkowska Lena
Published: June 2022

The article presents an outline of legal teaching in ancient Mesopotamia, with emphasis on the available sources and the difficulties they present. Though our knowledge of this topic is still fragmentary, for several periods the scribal curriculum can be reconstructed, as well as the place of legal education therein. The innate conservatism of Mesopotamian culture notwithstanding, it turns out that the latter managed to produce surprisingly skilled and creative legal professionals.
Thinking Like a Lawyer: The Case for Roman Law
Authors: Du Plessis Paul
Published: June 2022

The aim of this piece is to present an overview of certain recent trends which have emerged in the study and teaching of Roman law. These trends are identified and placed within the larger context of the role and function of the teaching of Roman law in Law Schools during the twentieth century. In addition, it is argued in this piece that trends regarding the study of Roman legal sources which have emerged in the context of U.S. Law Schools have the potential to enrich the discipline and to permit new questions to be asked about Roman law.
Development of the European Market for Environmental Goods and Services and its Financial Support
Authors: Skorokhod Iryna , Skorokhod Daryna
Published: June 2022

The purpose of the article is to analyze and assess the situation of the market for environmental goods and services in the EU as well as the formation of its support and regulation system.

Methodology: The market for environmental goods and services has experienced the dynamic growth and development in the last two decades, especially in economically developed countries. The research concerns the peculiarities of the development of the organic products market, sources of support for the development of organic production in the EU. The research uses the  desk  research  method,  which  provides a possibility  of  using  a  wide  range  of materials  in  various  areas  and  periods. Additionally, relevant legal acts, official documents and reports were used in the study.

Results of the research: The structure of certified agricultural lands in the EU is thoroughly analyzed in the article. Emphasis is placed on the study of the EU market for organic products development peculiarities, which include a constant growth of demand for these products and their rising prices. The main elements of the ecological goods and services market regulation system are also characterized. The conclusions contained in the article refer to the possibility of using one of these instruments: financing from the European Agricultural Guarantee Fund and the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development, crediting, venture financing, green bonds, fundraising, crowd funding, crowd landing as well as own means of enterprises. Generally, financial support should be more flexible and tailored to the needs of beneficiaries.
Accounting information and stock returns in Vietnam securities market: Machine learning approach
Authors: Hung Dang Ngoc , Van Vu Thi Thuy , Le Dao Thi Nhat
Published: June 2022

This paper studies the relationship between accounting information reflected in financial statements and stock return in Vietnam Stock Market. The authors propose a research model to define the relationship. Besides, machine learning algorithms are used in researching and forecasting, with data obtained from observed firms during the period from 2009 to 2020. Research results show that gradient boosting algorithm has the best self-reporting performance and finan-cial ratios also have great impact on stock returns, including operating income growth, stock earnings volatility, dividend yield, earnings before tax-to-equity ratio, cash holding ratio, and accrual quality. Based on the research results, the authors make some recommendations for investors, firms, and policy makers.
La enseñanza, el aprendizaje y el conocimiento científico desde la perspectiva de futuros profesores de Ciencias Naturales
Authors: Guirado Ariza Ana María , Gimenez Perez Yanina , Mazzitelli Lanzone Claudia
Published: June 2022

En este artículo se presenta una investigación desarrollada en el ámbito de la formación docente inicial en Ciencias Naturales, desde una perspectiva cualitativa, con el objetivo de identificar las representaciones sociales vinculadas con la enseñanza, el aprendizaje y el conocimiento científico, a fin de analizarlas y compararlas. Se trabajó con dos cohortes de estudiantes de profesorados en una cátedra de formación pedagógica. Se utilizó una técnica de evocación y jerarquización y una técnica con imágenes que permitieron identificar las representaciones. Los resultados muestran diversas representaciones en cada cohorte, con algunas características comunes en relación con los sujetos y el conocimiento científico específico. También evidencian la necesidad de favorecer instancias de reflexión para contribuir a formar docentes capaces de superar sus propias limitaciones y que sean críticos de su propia tarea.
Reflexiones en torno a la enseñanza del derecho en un contexto latinoamericano
Authors: Mora Amezcua Haydee Maricela
Published: June 2022

En el presente texto, se busca reflexionar en cuanto a la disciplina jurídica y los retos que tiene en la educación universitaria. La ciencia jurídica, a lo largo de su historia, ha permanecido intacta en su proceso pedagógico, sin tomar en cuenta las necesidades educativas vigentes, por lo que se cuestiona esta educación tradicional y se proponen alternativas para llevar a cabo una educación jurídica de la mano de las necesidades de la sociedad actual.
Un análisis del ordenamiento y alomorfía en la flexión verbal del quechua ayacuchano desde la morfología distribuida
Authors: Martel Paredes Víctor Arturo
Published: June 2022

Este trabajo presenta una nueva propuesta al (re)ordenamiento de morfemas de SUJETO y de OBJETO en la concordancia verbal del quechua ayacuchano. El análisis se basa en la morfología distribuida (Halle y Marantz 1993), que propone operaciones sobre morfemas en el componente morfológico. Se concluye que el rasgo OYENTE del morfema de OBJETO de segunda persona -nki gana en especificidad y, por tanto, se realiza en posición de SUJETO, con el costo de la aparición de –yki como alomorfía y la aparición de –su. Finalmente, proponemos que –su es un morfema transicional defectivo con rasgo OYENTE, que no puede ser interpretado como pronominal de tercera ni de segunda persona.
Esquemas de formación de palabras en solidaridad
Authors: Ponce de León Ramón F. Zacarías
Published: June 2022

La formación de palabras en español por afijación muestra un comportamiento mayoritariamente concatenativo en el que las relaciones de forma y significado se establecen linealmente. Sin embargo, existen muchos casos que no pueden describirse a partir de la adjunción recurrente de afijos. Una de estas correspondencias no concatenativas es la que se establece entre pares de sufijos que se correlacionan a nivel del significado, pero no formalmente, tal es el caso muy conocido de los sufijos -ismo e -ista (comunismo, comunista). Analizaremos este tipo de relaciones a partir del concepto de solidaridad propuesto por Beniers (1996). Estudiaremos, además del ya mencionado -ismo, -ista, los pares -ero, -ería; -nte, -ncia y -azo, -iza. Discutiremos el concepto de solidaridad, sus antecedentes y los trabajos previos basados en este tipo de análisis. Después, analizaremos cada una de estas solidaridades para establecer sus características y restricciones. Finalmente, concluimos que este tipo de análisis permite una descripción más precisa y adecuada de este tipo de relaciones derivativas no concatenativas.
Del Paraguay del centenario a la antigüedad clásica. Superposición de temporalidades en Canto secular (1911) de Eloy Fariña Núñez
Authors: Villalba Rojas Rodrigo Nicolás
Published: June 2022

En 1911 Eloy Fariña Núñez publicó en Buenos Aires el extenso poema Canto secular para conmemorar el centenario de la independencia del Paraguay. La obra exhibe una impronta modernista, pero también subyacen en ella algunos rasgos del arielismo, filosofía política latinoamericana que otorgaba protagonismo político a la juventud, y reconocía una doble ascendencia cultural americana y grecolatina. Este artículo propone realizar un abordaje intertextual e interdiscursivo del Canto secular, con el propósito de descubrir en el poema una operación literaria de fundación de un locus enunciativo, donde se superponen dos coordenadas espaciotemporales, recreadas literariamente: el Paraguay campesino en la transición hacia la urbanidad, y la antigüedad clásica sintetizada en algunos valores y modelos jurídicos.
The Role of the Indonesian National Amil Zakat Agency in Social Finance Management As an Effort to Alleviate Poverty
Authors: Hasibuan Riyadi , Pimada Laila M. , Rabbani Alfan Mufti , Malik Syafiq
Published: June 2022

Poverty is one of the problems in everycountry, including Indonesia. Indonesia has enormous potential in utilizingIslamic economic instruments, namely zakat becauseit is a majority Islamic country and the country with the largest Muslim population in theworld. The large potential of zakat can be utilized by the Indonesian government in alleviating poverty in Indonesia, therefore this study was conducted to find out the role of BAZNAS Indonesia in managing social finance in an effort to alleviate poverty. The research method applie disusing a qualitative approach accompanied by a study of literature with reference materials are nationally accredited journals, books and articles relevant to research, and using various trusted websites. The National Amil Zakat Agency (BAZNAS) is an institution created by the government in collecting and distributing zakat. BAZNAS also has a special program for the welfare of the community, namely the existence of economic development programs, improving education, health and humanity. These programs show the seriousness of BAZNAS in alleviating poverty in Indonesia. The benefits of this research are as information and knowledge to the public regarding the performance of BAZNAS, as reference material for academics who want to do research, and other things
Global Risk Factors and Macroeconomic Conditions Affect Jakarta Islamic Index (JII): Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Husnah Siti Syavinatul , Nugraha Deni Pandu , Rizal Sofyan
Published: June 2022

This study aims to analyze three things, namely analyzing the causality relationship between variables. Analyze the short-term relationship between macroeconomic variables with JII Stock Price and Trade Volume and analyze the long-term relationship between macroeconomic variables with JII Stock Price and Trade Volume. The sample used is the JII30 Index and the trading volume from JII 30 from 2008-2020. The results of this study indicate three things, firstly it is found that several variables have a causal relationship in either one or two directions, then from testing the short-term effect it is found that only the oil price variable has a significant effect on JII while other variables do not, while the short-term effect test It was found that all macroeconomic variables had no significant effect on volume. Finally, from the long-term test results, only the Inflation variable has no significant effect on the JII variable in the long term, while only the BI Rate and Inflation variables have no significant effect on trading volume.
Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine and its Impact on Global Geopolitics
Authors: Tampubolon Manotar
Published: June 2022

On February 24, 2022, Russia attacked Ukraine. Here as consequence, Russia was subjected to a slew of international sanctions aimed at pressuring it to de-escalate the issue. Even though the economic sanctions issued against Russia were designed to harm this country, all of them had unintended consequences on the economic system of the world, essentially due to global supply chains disruptions. Power, commodities, as well as commerce flow disruptions emerged from the military attacks. Such issue resulted in energy costs got much higher, commodity prices, as well as food prices, all of which contributed to greater inflation on a worldwide scale in several nations. Despite the fact that many attempts of negotiation were created in resolving the conflict between Ukraine and Russia, its political, social, and economic impacts lasted in numerous countries of Europe and other regions around the world.
Spatio-Temporal Assessment of Shoreline Changes and Management of the Transgressive Mud Coast, Nigeria
Authors: Popoola Olusola Olalekan
Published: June 2022

This study investigated changes due to erosion and the consequences of rising sea levels on the Transgressive mud coast of Nigeria using multispectral Landsat images and ALOS PALSAR (AW3D30) elevation models with the view of proffering a management strategy for a sustainable coast. Endpoint Rate (EPR) and Linear Regression Rate (LRR) techniques within the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) were used to assess the rates of changes along the shoreline between 1986 and 2021. Inundation models were developed in line with sea-level rise scenarios of the Green House Gas emissions (SSP5-8.5) with GIS to assess sea-level rise’s impact on land and structures. Likewise, spatially disaggregated population and economic activity datasets projected to the year 2100 were overlaid on the inundation models to generate exposure indices for the coast. The study revealed that 49.8 km (64.67%) of the shoreline experienced retreat over the entire study period. This rapid rate of shoreline retreat has caused a land loss of 15.1 sq. km to the Atlantic over the last 35 years, which could trigger an additional 1.26 sq. km by the year 2032. Furthermore, the impact of sea-level rise is severe on the transgressive coast triggering submergence of the mud coast by inundation to the extent of 201 sq. km which will increase to 551 sq. km by 2100. Losses in terms of structures, population, and economic activity are recorded. To curtail the ongoing coastal changes, the study recommends the full adoption of the shoreline management plan (SMP) for sustainable shoreline management.
Una aproximación al aprendizaje en espacios de producción en artes visuales
Authors: Saavedra Vega Ricardo Antonio , Hernández Quintero Birmah Nathalia Stephania
Published: June 2022

This article presents an approach to learning in spaces of artistic creation, whose central axis is based on the practical actions inherent to various production methodologies in the visual arts creation processes. Methodologically, the research uses a documentary review to describe and analyze learning practices in research/creation, visual semiotic reading, and creative actions, which converge in the search for holistic development in the formation of the student. The main finding shows that artistic practice, from its experimental and experiential characterization, favors the development of skills in academic formation, disciplinary domain, and sociocultural areas developed in spaces of interdisciplinary relationship.
ATTITUDE AND BEHAVIOR OF RELIGIOUS FIGURE AHLUSSUNNAH WAL JAMAAH IN FACING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Faraz Faraz , Ashadi Willi , Nashori Fuad , Rabbani Muhammad Dhia Rafid , Bengke Kamelia Derbi , Musa Muwaga
Published: June 2022

This research aims to find out the thoughts, attitudes, and actions of Islamic religious authorities (ulama, kyai, or ustad) concerning the COVID-19 epidemic. This investigation was prompted by the fact of the enormous number of kyai or ulama who were exposed to COVID-19. The research technique ised mixed methods, essentially mixing qualitative and quantitative methodologies. The participants involved in the first (qualitative) stage were 14 persons, 13 males and 1 woman. They are Islamic religious figures who live in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. The second step was conducted by utilizing a questionnaire (Google form) and succeeded to gather 85 participants. The findings indicated that although all the participants were Ahlussunah Wal Jamaah (NU and Muhammadiyah), the discrepancies in their ideas, attitudes, and conduct regarding the COVID-19 epidemic were obvious. On average, Muhammadiyah is more inclined or tends to think towards complete endeavour, or its method of thinking tends to be Jabariyah, whereas NU is more likely to think towards entire submission or Qodariah, however certain situations are the contrary. This data demonstrates that in the face of a novel phenomena involving an unknown virus such as COVID-19, Indonesian Muslims, particularly Islamic religious leaders, cling to what they believe, not changing the norm.
THE EFFECT OF INTUITIVE REFLECTIVE AL-FATIHAH READING TRAINING TOWARDS REDUCING POST-TRAUMA ANXIETY LEVEL IN LOMBOK EARTHQUAKE VICTIMS
Authors: Nurwardani Mayreyna , Julianto Very , Handayani Navia Fathona
Published: June 2022

Al-Fatihah is one of the surahs in the Al-Qur'an that must be memorized by all Muslims. The role of Al-Qur'an, especially Surah Al-Fatihah as a non-pharmacological therapy has begun and widely studied because of the benefits, not only for physical but also psychological health. This study aim to examine the effect of Al-Fatihah reflective intuitive reading training to Post-trauma anxiety level of Lombok’s earthquake victims in 2018. The study using an experimental method with pretest-posttest control group design. Each group consist of 12 adult woman. Post-trauma anxiety level was measured using anxiety sub-test from Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 42 (DASS). The result of Wilcoxon statistical test aim to examine the difference level of anxiety before and after treatment from one group. The result of Wilcoxon analysis showed that Al Fatihah reflective-intuitive reading training could reduce anxiety level significantly after training in experimental group (p = 0.002; p<0.05). Furthermore, Man-Whitney U analysis showed that the difference of anxiety level between control and experiment group (p= 0.001; p<0.05). This study showed that Al Fatihah reflective-intuitive reading training decrease anxiety level of Lombok’s earthquake victims.
Evaluation of current earthquake activity on the Ganos Fault: MONGAN network test analysis
Authors: YALÇINKAYA Eşref , BOHNHOFF Marco , ALP Hakan , BENTZ Stephen , PINAR Ali , ALVER Fatih , KILIÇARSLAN Ömer , TAMTAŞ Burçin Didem , GÖRGÜN Burçak
Published: June 2022

The Ganos Fault MONGAN earthquake monitoring network data presents significant opportunities and challenges for earthquake detection, location and magnitude calculations, source mechanism solutions, and discovery of fault zone waves. This study consists mostly of primary data analysis and seismological evaluations. While stations located in a local area allow the discovery of earthquakes at micro earthquake level, they create significant difficulties in determining the source parameters of these earthquakes. Extracting small earthquakes from continuous data shows that special strategies need to be developed. Network data revealed the presence of many earthquakes with magnitude M