bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SITUATION OF FARMING OF SON LA PROVINCE IN THE PERIOD 1900 – 1930s
Authors: Tran Thi Phuong
Published: February 2021

Besides cultivation, breeding is one of important parts in Vietnamese traditional agricultural economy. Especially to mountainous place as Son La, this type of economy plays an essential role. Farming provides a main source of food for humans, especially for ethnic minorities because Thai people hold mostly ricefield. By investigating primary materials, mainly French documents keeping in the Vietnam National Archives Center No.I (Hanoi), this paper describes the raising situation of Son La province in the early twenty century with some main issues as following: changes of breeding policies of the French colonial government, types of animals; breeding technics, the quantity and quality, productivity and output of this economic activity. Beyond that, this article argues that there were some new factors on farming in this period.
Impact of determinants on nutritional status among children up to five years at tertiary care hospital, HIMS, Sitapur, Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Pachori Ravi , Sillapasuwan Jiratithigan
Published: February 2021

Background: Malnutrition in children occurs as a complex interplay among various factors like maternal health, dietary practices, hand washing and other hygiene practices, low birth weight, episode of diarrhoea and acute respiratory infection within the last 6 months are often associated with undernutrition in most developing nations including India. Objective of the study were to assess the determinants of maternal and child health, hygienic practice, health services for underweight and their association among apparently healthy children. Methods: The present study was hospital based descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from June 2019 to December 2019. The sample size calculated was 410, and accounting for 10% nonresponsive, the sample size calculated was 451. The data obtained were compiled and entered in MS-excel 2010 and analysed by using institutional SPSS (22.0). Results: Mother’s age at marriage <18 years belong to 68 (15.1%) children significantly low proportion as compared to marriage >18 years 383 (84.9%) including underweight 41 (22.5%) and mother’s age at child birth <18 years belong to 46 (10.2%) children significantly very low proportion in comparison to child birth >18 years including underweight 30 (16.6%). Birth weight <2.5 kg belongs to significantly 136 (30.1%) children including underweight 72 (39.8%) and significantly birth order >2 belong to 135 (29.9%) children including underweight 39 (21.6%). Exclusive breast feeding belongs to 149 (33.0%) children including underweight 62 (34.2%)Conclusions: Health education and its reinforcement especially in the area of maternal & child health care services is required.
POMADA “VOVÔ PEDRO”: O RITUAL DE FÉ EM BUSCA DA CURA
Authors: Hott Márden Cardoso Miranda
Published: February 2021

A pomada “Vovô Pedro” é um fitoterápico manipulado e fornecido gratuitamente em diversos pontos de distribuição no Brasil, notadamente do seguimento Espírita. A elaboração do medicamento envolve um ritual de fé e cooperação entre voluntários do plano físico e, supostamente, do espiritual. O produto vem sendo utilizado pela população como recurso terapêutico para o recobro da saúde e tem integrado um emaranhado contexto filosófico e antropológico da religiosidade para o entendimento do processo de cura. Este ensaio destaca que, com base no que é observável, independente de comprovações científicas quanto à eficácia do remédio, muitos usuários relatam sua ação benéfica para tratar variadas doenças.
MEMÓRIAS DE UMA JUDIA: CONTRADIÇÕES, VERDADE E FÉ EM EDITH STEIN
Authors: Rocha Magna Celi Mendes da , Antunes Mitsuko Aparecida Makino , Peretti Clélia
Published: February 2021

Tomando como referência “Vida de uma família judia e outros escritos autobiográficos” (2018), de Edith Stein (1891-1942), objetiva-se subsidiar a leitura integral dos escritos autobiográficos da autora. Vida e obra estão intrinsecamente ligadas e complementam-se para compreender seu pensamento. Stein iniciou tais escritos no emblemático 1933, na Alemanha, contrapondo-se à visão preconceituosa e caricatural disseminada pelo nazismo. O método aqui utilizado foi a narrativa de história de vida, buscando-se o fio condutor que dá sentido aos acontecimentos. Notamos que as vivências narradas por Stein vão forjando sua personalidade, conduzindo-a por caminhos não planejados, mas livremente assumidos, até suas últimas consequências.
SEMELHANÇAS E APROXIMAÇÕES DA MÍSTICA JUDAICA NA OBRA DE VIKTOR FRANKL
Authors: Aquino Thiago Antonio Avellar de , Cruz Josilene Silva da
Published: February 2021

O objetivo do presente artigo foi identificar as influências do judaísmo, sobretudo da mística judaica, na vida e na obra de Viktor Emil Frankl. Para tanto, realizou-se uma revisão da literatura buscando as referências judaicas nas obras de Viktor Frankl. Dentre as aproximações encontradas, destacam-se o ‘ídiche kop’, que se correlaciona com a perspectiva frankliana de sentido oculto; e a sua concepção de Suprassentido, que se aproxima da mística cabalística no que se refere ao entendimento do ser inacessível. Constatou-se que Frankl utiliza a sua cultura judaica para expressar os conceitos teóricos da logoterapia e aprofundar temas do seu existencialismo.
A HISTÓRIA DA LITERATURA SEGUNDO WALTER BENJAMIN E O DIÁLOGO COM A HERMENÊUTICA BÍBLICA
Authors: Da Silva Nelson Maria Brechó
Published: February 2021

O presente artigo pretende analisar, por um lado, o fragmento de 1922 de Benjamin acerca das Afinidades eletivas de Goethe. Por outro lado, examinar o texto de 1931 sobre a História da Literatura. Além disso, apontamos, inicialmente alguns versos de Charles Baudelaire, especialmente Le Spleen de Paris, I - L’Étranger, de 1869, no qual ele descreve a vida moderna. Há vários pontos de contato entre os autores: a descrição da modernidade e a união da Literatura com a História (Geschichte). Assim, seguimos um esquema triádico: primeiro, literatura atual – filologia / Benjamin – crítica x comentário; segundo, interpretação dos elementos – tarefa do crítico; terceiro, história das obras – preparação crítica. Nesse sentido, colocamos em diálogo o pensamento hermenêutico crítico de Benjamin com a hermenêutica bíblica, por meio de algumas passagens do Primeiro e Segundo Testamentos.
PRO LITTERIS: QUANDO O SILÊNCIO SE FAZ VERBO. CONVOCAÇÃO.
Authors: Rita Annabela De Carvalho Vicente
Published: February 2021

Esta resenha visa observar de que modo o livro Pro Litteris, de Isabel Ponce de Leão, se sugere como um ofício religioso (no sentido etimológico do termo) das Letras e das Artes, constituindo um encantatório libelo de defesa da Literatura e do diálogo que ela mantém com as outras Artes e com toda a nossa memória cultural e existencial.
O DAIMONISMO ESPÍRITA E A DEFINIÇÃO GEERTZIANA DE RELIGIÃO NO ROMANCE GRANDE SERTÃO: VEREDAS
Authors: Signates Luiz , Teixeira Gismair
Published: February 2021

O presente artigo apresenta a relação entre o daimonismo e o espiritismo franco-brasileiro presente no discurso narrativo do romance Grande sertão: veredas, de João Guimarães Rosa, discutindo aspectos específicos da definição oferecida pelo antropólogo Clifford Geertz para o que seja religião e como suas asserções se projetam no páthos da personagem Riobaldo. A partir dos dados culturais que vinculam a doutrina espírita e a conceituação em torno do daimon grego, o estudo expõe uma exegese para um ponto central da narrativa rosiana, o pacto de Riobaldo com o diabo, com base num recorte da definição geertziana de religião.
A LINGUAGEM DA VIOLÊNCIA DE DEUS COMO COMPENSAÇÃO SIMBÓLICA
Authors: Reimer Haroldo
Published: February 2021

O texto é um response ao texto de NN sobre “Gewalt in der Bibel”. Inicialmente, faz-se um breve review dos argumentos principais do texto em questão. Em seguida, no response propriamente dito, se apresenta na hipótese de a linguagem da violência terminativa atribuída a Deus trata-se de uma forma de compensação simbólica para o empoderamento (simbólico) das pessoas vulneráveis tomados na crítica social dos profetas como parâmetro para um agir ético.
Características fisicoquímicas, nutricionales y morfológicas de frutas nativas
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos Lima Peru, Obregón-La Rosa Antonio José , Augusto-Elías-Peñafiel Carlos César ,   Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos Lima Peru, Contreras-López Eliana ,   Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos Lima Peru, Arias-Arroyo Gladys Constanza ,   Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos Lima Peru, Bracamonte-Romero Michael ,   Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos Lima Peru
Published: February 2021

There are many native fruits in Peru containing essential nutrients for health and that have not been fully studied. The objective of this research was to determine the physicochemical, nutritional and morphological characteristics of five varieties of native fruits from the central Andean region and the northern Peruvian jungle: goldenberry (Physalis peruviana), sanky (Corryocactus brevistylus), cocona (Solanum sessiliflorum), yellow pitahaya (Selenicereus megalanthus) and camu camu (Myrciaria dubia). The fruits were washed, peeled, pulped, fleshed, and lyophilized, to determine, using standardized analytical methods, the nutrient content, such as vitamin C, fiber, soluble solids. The goldenberry, sanky and camu camu fruits presented the highest vitamin C content (43.0, 57.1 and 2,780 mg per 100g of fresh weight, respectively), while cocona and pitahaya had 4.54 and 8.0 mg per 100g of fresh weight, respectively. The goldenberry and pitahaya (26.85 and 9.75%) yielded the highest content of reducing sugars. At the same time, goldenberry and cocona reported the highest fiber values (4.9 and 2.5%, respectively). Regarding the content of soluble solids (°Brix), pitahaya and goldenberry showed the highest values (16.2 and 13.3 respectively). In conclusion, the results obtained show that the native fruits studied represent an important source of nutrients that can be beneficial for human health.
The Effect of Policy Implementation, Personnel Competency, and Community Participation on the Performance of the department of Women Empowerment, Child Protection and Community Empowerment, Medan, Indonesia
Authors: Napitupulu Robert Antonius , Supriatna Tjahja , Hubeis H. Musa , Sulistyani Dewi
Published: February 2021

The background of this research is the low performance of the Office of Women's Empowerment, Child Protection and Community Empowerment (P3PAD) Medan City. This study aims to analyze and understand the effect of policy implementation, HR competence, and community empowerment on the performance of the Medan City P3APD office either partially or jointly. This research focuses on the variables of Policy Implementation, HR Competence, Community Empowerment and Performance. This research method is a quantitative approach method, data collection techniques using documentation techniques, questionnaires, and literature study. This research data collection tool is a questionnaire based on the Likert scale, observation, interviews. The data analysis technique in this research is validity test, F test and t test. The sampling technique in this study was proportionate stratified random sampling. The results of this study prove that Policy Implementation has an effect of 83.6%, HR Competence has an effect of 99.9%, Community Participation has an effect of 91.3%, Policy Implementation, HR Competence and Community Empowerment together have an effect of 99.9%. on the Performance of the Office of Women's Empowerment, Child Protection and Community Empowerment (P3PAD) Medan City. As a recommendation for the results of this study, namely: (1) carry out monitoring and evaluation of local regulations related to DP3APM agencies so that it describes the financing of work programs supported by the e-budgeting system, e-money for community empowerment in Medan City, etc., (2) increasing cooperation between multi stakeholders in the city Medan in increasing the competence of human resources through increasing knowledge based on science and technology and IMTAQ, (3) The regional government is expected to involve stakeholders in the health sector in order to increase the effectiveness of the community empowerment program in Medan City through socialization efforts, ToT, training and workshops so that occupational health and safety are in empowerment programs. Medan city community is more secure.
Implementation of E-Commerce Crime Law Enforcement at the West Nusa Tenggara Regional Police
Authors: Azizah Siti Zahratul , Asikin Zainal , Parman Lalu
Published: February 2021

This study aims to analyze the implementation of e-commerce criminal law enforcement in the NTB police institution related to how the law enforcement of e-commerce crime in the NTB Regional Police agency and how the legal protection of e-commerce consumers in the NTB Regional Police agency. Through empirical legal research related to law enforcement of e-commerce crimes in the NTB Regional Police. Based on the statutory approach, conceptual approach, and sociological approach to law. The legal basis for law enforcement of the NTB police e-commerce crime is the Criminal Code and Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions. Enforcement of criminal law against e-commerce in article 378 of the Criminal Code, the penalty is too light, so the police apparatus uses article 28 paragraph (1) and article 45A paragraph (1) of Law number 19 of 2016 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions. In e-commerce crime, the police have difficulties such as difficulty finding evidence, finding anonymous accounts and electronic identities. In addition, the NTB Police agency does not have the authority to intercept and block accounts used by e-commerce criminals. The NTB Regional Police's legal protection measures for consumers include conducting checks at internet cafes, collecting evidence related to crimes, tracking related crimes, confiscating electronic evidence, disclosing (blocking bank accounts) or detaining based on preliminary evidence or so-called evidence enough.
Transformational Leadership, Knowledge Management, Work Motivation, and Employee Performance among Construction Employees in Jakarta
Authors: Baskoro Bimmo Dwi , Sudarmadji Sudarmadji , Suherman Suherman , Yani Ahmad , Simanjuntak Robby
Published: February 2021

This study aims to analyze the influence of transformational leadership (TL) and knowledge management (KM) on employee performance (EP) through work motivation (WM) at construction companies in Jakarta, Indonesia. The data was collected from construction firms that have grade high qualification in Jakarta, Indonesia. A sample of 138 companies representatives was drawn from 138 construction firms in Jakarta. The structural equation modelling – partial least squares (SEM-PLS) was used to test the proposed hypothesizes. TL has a significant effect on EP through WM. KM has a significant effect on EP through WM. The relevance of the research stems from the context of a major city in Jakarta, Indonesia. Furthermore, this research is one of the initial attempts to investigate EP by considering TL and KM and its applicability to Jakarta construction firms.
Antennal Sensilla of Chrysis shanghalensis (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae), a Larval Ectoparasite of Monema flavescens (Lepidoptera: Limacodidae)
Authors: Yang Shu Z. , Yang Mei H. , Xu Yun , Zhang Jin T.
Published: February 2021

Chrysis shanghalensis Smith (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae) is an ectoparasitoid and important natural enemy of Monema flavescens Walker (Lepidoptera: Limacodidae), a serious defoliator of a number of tree species. The external morphology of the antennal sensilla of this parasitoid was examined by scanning electron microscopy, and types and distribution of sensilla were recorded. The antennae of C. shanghalensis were geniculate in shape and composed of a scape with radicula, a pedicel, and a flagellum divided into 11 flagellomeres in males and females. Cuticular pore and 14 types of sensilla were identified on the antennae of both sexes. These included aporous Böhm's bristles, sensilla trichodea 1, 2, and 3 (nonporous), sensilla trichodea 4 (multiporous), two types of sensilla chaetica (nonporous), four morphological types of sensilla basiconica (multiporous), two morphological types of sensilla coeloconica (multiporous), and one type of sensillum campaniforme (nonporous).
A Sugarcane Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) “Super-Clone” Remains on U.S. Sorghum and Johnsongrass and Feeds on Giant Miscanthus
Authors: Harris-Shultz Karen , Ni Xinzhi
Published: February 2021

Since 2013, the sugarcane aphid, Melanaphis sacchari Zehntner, has been a perennial pest to U.S. sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench, production with yield declines in susceptible hybrids ranging from 50 to 100%. Previous studies have found that a single clonal genotype predominates in samples collected from sugarcane (Saccharum spp.), sorghum, and Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense [L.] Persoon), from 2013 to 2017 in the continental United States. We sought to determine if the “super-clone” persists in sugarcane aphid samples collected in 2018 from five U.S. states and one territory and to identify the multilocus lineage of samples collected in 2018–2019 from a new host, giant miscanthus, Miscanthus sinensis× Miscanthus sacchariflorus Greef & Deuter ex Hodkinson & Renvoize. Thirty-one samples collected from Columbus grass (Sorghum almum Parodi), Johnsongrass, sorghum, and giant miscanthus in 2018 were genotyped using 9 simple sequence repeat markers; 29 samples had identical alleles to the multilocus lineage F super-clone. All samples (n = 7) collected from giant miscanthus in 2018–2019 also had identical alleles to the predominant genotype.
Concentration–Mortality Response of Mexican Populations Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to Commercial Formulations of Bacillus Thuringiensis
Authors: del Carmen Lara-Becerra María , Tejeda-Reyes Manuel Alejandro , Lagunes-Tejeda Ángel , Silva-Aguayo Gonzalo , Rodríguez-Maciel J. Concepción
Published: February 2021

The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is the most economically important pest of maize (Zea mays L.) grown in Mexico. In order to identify biologically based management tactics for this pest, we determined the concentration–mortality response of 16 S. frugiperda populations collected in Mexico to two commercial formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt) (XenTari® [Bt subsp. aizawai] and DiPel® [Bt subsp. kurstaki]; Valent de México SA De CV, Jalisco, México). Laboratory bioassays established median lethal concentrations (LC50s) for each Bt formulation × population combination. We also determined mean larval weight 7 d after exposure and the number of larvae that reached the third instar of development. The populations were susceptible to both Bt formulations but they were, overall, more susceptible to Bt subsp. aizawai (XenTari) than to Bt subsp. kurstaki (DiPel). These results can serve as a reference to detect changes in S. frugiperda response to these Bt commercial products over time.
MODERN ASPECTS OF THE ORGANIZATION OF MEDICAL CARE FOR PATIENTS WITH LEUKOPLAKIA OF THE ORAL MUCOSA
Authors: Berezin konstantin , Shulaev Aleksey , Saleev Rinat , Usmanova Irina , Statseva Elena , Berezin Veniamin , Ismagilov Oskar
Published: February 2021

Subject. At the present stage, the organization of medical care for patients with precancerous diseases of the oral mucosa is one of the most important tasks of the dental service. This is due to the fact that timely detection and treatment of patients at the early stages of the disease provide a long-term and persistent clinical effect and allows you to achieve satisfactory clinical results. The purpose of the review: the work contains a review of the literature of recent years with a detailed review of measures in the management of medical care for patients with keratosis of the oral mucosa. Methodology. The article deals with current issues about the key points of early detection and treatment of precancerous diseases of the oral mucosa. It is noted that approaches to solving the problems of medical and social care for patients with leukoplakia of the oral mucosa are not only in the field of medicine, but also in the social side of human activity. Attention is paid to the discussion of the use of the screening method for determining diseases of the oral mucosa. The issues of perspective development of issues of improvement of scientifically based and acceptable for dental institutions methods of conducting medical preventive examinations are highlighted. Measures to improve the detection of patients with hyperkeratosis of the oral mucosa, as well as to improve the results of treatment of identified patients, are due to the interaction of various practical health services and should be solved comprehensively from the standpoint of a single systematic approach. The necessity of conducting this study as a criterion for evaluating the system of organization of dental services for patients with keratosis is shown. Results and conclusions. The conducted research review allowed us to identify areas for improving the organization of dental care for patients with hyperkeratosis of the oral mucosa. The study of the results obtained should be taken into account when forming prevention programs, taking into account the implementation of the developed standards and recommendations.
Self-medication consultations in community pharmacy: an exploratory study on teams’ performance, client-reported outcomes and satisfaction
Authors: Veiga Paulo , Cavaco Afonso M. , Lapão Luís V. , Guerreiro Mara P.
Published: February 2021

Background: Community pharmacy teams (CPTs) have an established role in assisting self-medication, contributing to the safe and effective use of non-prescription medicines.

Objective: The study aimed to describe CPTs’ performance in self-medication consultation, client-reported outcomes, and satisfaction. A secondary purpose was to develop an explanatory model for better understanding clients’ satisfaction with this service.

Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional exploratory study. Data were collected in a purposive sample of pharmacy clients recruited in six community pharmacies in Portugal. CPTs adopted a structured approach to self-medication consultations, encompassing 11 quality criteria (five for case evaluation and six for counselling). An evaluation score, a counselling score and an overall quality score were estimated. Client-reported outcomes and satisfaction were ascertained via a follow-up telephone interview. Besides descriptive statistics, the association with several independent variables on the clients’ overall satisfaction was explored, using linear regression. 

Results: Product-based dispensing was more frequent for lower educated clients. Reported compliance with the criteria by CPTs was overall high (93.95% of maximum compliance), mostly missing the ‘other medication’ questioning. Most clients (93%) reported improvement after the consultation. Clients’ satisfaction score was 4.70 out of 5. The variables that seem to better explain clients’ overall satisfaction are pharmacy loyalty, the evaluation score, and the female gender.

Conclusions: Clients’ reported outcomes were favourable, as well as satisfaction with the service. Clients’ satisfaction appears to be determined by consultation quality (evaluation score), suggesting the advancement of the pharmacists’ clinical role. A larger study is warranted to confirm these findings.
Razones de una ausencia. Institución y política en Merleau-Ponty
Authors: Eiff Leonardo Daniel
Published: February 2021

El artículo parte de una perplejidad. Comienza advirtiendo una notable ausencia en el conocido curso merleaupontyano sobre La institución. En el curso no hay lugar para la institución de la política. A partir de ello, preguntamos: ¿por qué la política no merece un tratamiento específico a diferencia de la vida, la cultura, la historia? La respuesta nos lleva a indagar en las relaciones entre la filosofía de Merleau-Ponty y la política. El objetivo central del artículo es el siguiente: hallar un principio de explicación para el vínculo paradójico que establece Merleau-Ponty con la política en el curso sobre la institución: una intensa preocupación por las cuestiones políticas que no encuentra como correlato una reflexión teórica coherente. Para ello, en primer lugar, indagamos el vínculo con la filosofía de la historia de raigambre hegeliano-marxiana; en segundo lugar, identificamos un momento propiamente político ligado al nombre de Maquiavelo; en tercer lugar, destacamos las razones de la desvinculación entre la comprensión maquiaveliana de la política que alienta Merleau-Ponty y la novedosa perspectiva de la institución. Finalmente, nos preguntamos si esa desvinculación, que en el curso sobre la institución se convierte en ausencia, no puede ser indicación para escudriñar otra manera de pensar la política, ligada a las nuevas figuras conceptuales merleaupontyanas: vida, tiempo e institución. Las tres figuras fueron movilizadas por Merleau-Ponty para horadar el predominio de las filosofías de la conciencia son capaces de abrir nuevas hipótesis en torno a lo político y a la ligazón entre lo instituyente y lo instituido.
Dewey as experience
Authors: Montenegro Ortiz Carlos Manuel
Published: February 2021

What did John Dewey mean by the experience? Researchers of John Dewey’s work (philosophers, psychologists, artists and educators, among many others) often attempt to decipher the American thinker’s thesis, statements and postulates. However, specific approaches have probably become inexact when interpreting many of his concepts, even thinking that they are superficial idealism. Detailed state-of-the-art review during the past decade, in terms of the idea of experience in Dewey, makes it possible to think that this concept –although not precisely defined as that of a dictionary– can be analyzed more accurately. The last is the debate and reflection that will be open to the academic community in this paper; to clarify and, subsequently, define the concept, two fundamental and inherent aspects are presented in this document: first, the pragmatist line that addresses an epistemological framework of the idea; second, two Deweyan elements will be enlightened, these are the living organism and nature, which, as the axis of an empirical influence, are analyzed from the Vermont philosopher’s perspective. This concept also addresses three essential perspectives: biological, psychological and social, bearing in mind that, according to Dewey, real experiences occur if “meaning” comes after. Finally, an interpretative approach will answer, as possible, the question posed at the beginning of this abstract.
El amor líquido en las relaciones de pareja: hacia la utopía viable de la alegría del amor. Aproximación desde Zygmunt Bauman y el Papa Francisco
Authors: Velásquez Camelo Edgar Enrique
Published: February 2021

El objetivo del presente artículo, derivado de un proceso de investigación documental, es realizar una aproximación a las dinámicas de las relaciones de pareja desde lo líquido y, de este modo, descubrir cómo aprovechar las crisis, dificultades y problemas como una posibilidad para superar la lógica del amor líquido bajo la categoría de utopía viable. Las dinámicas amatorias de las relaciones de pareja han sido objeto de reflexión de diversos campos de acción académica. De ahí que, el aporte del sociólogo y filósofo Zygmunt Bauman al referirse acerca de la liquidez del mundo actual, metáfora que indica uno de los aspectos de la realidad social, no pueden pasar desapercibidos, ni mucho menos dejados a un lado por las consecuencias sociales al aceptar que están al acecho de la inestabilidad, la incertidumbre y la huida al compromiso en las relaciones de pareja. El amor líquido hace parte de los elementos que configuran la cultura del descarte; así como el Papa Francisco en la carta encíclica Laudato Si´, sobre el cuidado de la casa común, advirtió la relación entre el descarte de objetos con el desecho de las personas, así puede pasar en las relaciones de pareja: en muchos casos no existe la intención de un vínculo perdurable porque se corre el riesgo de fracasar en la relación. Hoy son más llamativas las relaciones virtuales, de bolsillo, descartables que satisfagan la abrumadora realidad de la soledad o el desfogue pulsional erótico. La utopía viable del amor es posible cuando se reconoce en las crisis y problemas una oportunidad para madurar en la vivencia del amor en la pareja.
López López, Andrés Felipe. Psicología pura de la primera infancia y las experiencias fundantes. Dos meditaciones fenomenológicas y una disertación lírica sobre la educación. Medellín: Editorial Bonaventuriana, 2017. 230 pp.
Authors: Duque Naranjo Nicolás
Published: February 2021

El libro que tengo el placer de reseñar en estas páginas, es decir, de presentar a la comunidad académica y de comentar muy brevemente, es el resultado de una investigación realizada en el contexto del Programa Postdoctoral de Investigación en Ciencias Sociales, Niñez y Juventud, que el autor pudo realizar entre septiembre de 2015 y abril de 2017. En otras palabras, es su tesis postdoctoral publicada como libro de investigación, el cual “[…] no trata de discernir un tramo de la vida del hombre, la primera infancia, sino de probar las estructuras de la conciencia humana desde su origen y qué son ellas, cómo funcionan”. En cuanto a la organización formal del texto hay que decir que se compone fundamentalmente de tres partes: las dos primeras son dos meditaciones fenomenológicas tituladas Vida humana fenomenológica. Balance sobre la relación entre el sujeto humano y el sujeto trascendental en la fenomenología de Edmund Husserl, y Fenomenología de la primera infancia y las experiencias fundantes, respectivamente; la tercera es una disertación lírica sobre la educación, la cual se titula El trabajo de ser profesor es convertirse en nuevo Prometeo.
Undergraduate Images of Research + Arts Competition: Lessons Learned and Future Directions
Authors:   Ohio State University, Wallace Lorraine S. , Dzotsi Mikafui , Daniel Kayla
Published: February 2021

In 2018, the Office of Undergraduate Research & Creative Inquiry (UR&CI) at The Ohio State University (OSU) established an Images of Research + Arts (IR+A) Competition for undergraduates to capture and share the essence of their research in a unique and visually stimulating format (UR&CI 2020). This vignette describes the process, lessons learned, and future directions of the IR+A Competition.
Introduction: Nontraditional Approaches to Undergraduate Research
Authors:   Northeastern University, Mabrouk Patricia Ann
Published: February 2021

Table of Contents of SPUR winter 2020, vol. 4, no. 2, on "Nontraditional Approaches to Undergraduate Research"
The History and Future of the Society of Undergraduate Humanities Publications
Authors:   Yale University, Jacob Henry
Published: February 2021

The vignette describes the Society of Undergraduate Humanities Publications, a national consortium of elite undergraduate publications based on egalitarian principles.
Book Review--The Naylor Report on Undergraduate Research in Writing Studies
Authors:   University of Alabama in Huntsville, Weber Ryan
Published: February 2021

This collection presents discussion, observations, and conclusions from the 2018 Naylor Symposium on Undergraduate Research in Writing Studies, and it captures both the findings and the spirit of the symposium itself. The text covers key issues in undergraduate research (UR) such as mentoring, introducing research methods, structuring research experiences, creating new knowledge, and sharing findings with audiences.
Implementing, Strengthening, and Iterating Digital-First Undergraduate Research Operational Procedures during Major Disruptions
Authors:   VA Tech, Briganti Jonathan , Brown Anne M.
Published: February 2021

In spring 2020, a research lab at Virginia Tech (a multidisciplinary, computational research group with more than 30 undergraduate students) successfully adapted to remote work and incorporated students from other research groups into its training program to assist labs that could not facilitate an online-only structure.
Piloting an Oral History–Based CURE in a General Education Writing Course for First-Year Students
Authors:   University of Kentucky, Parsons Joshua R. McConnell , Parsons Jannell C. McConnell , Kohls Kathryn , Ridolfo Jim
Published: February 2021

The authors of this study evaluate findings from a pilot implementation of a course-based undergraduate research experience integrated into a first-year general education writing classroom. In this initial pilot phase, two sections of the course were offered in fall 2018. Course partici-pants completed retrospective precourse and postcourse measures designed to assess the course’s impact on their acquisition of research skills and their confidence related to inquiry and research. Demographic data also were collected to explore outcomes of underrepresented minority and first-generation students. Findings show a statistically significant increase in perceived research skills and in confidence related to abilities as a researcher. Moreover, although there was not a large enough sample for statistical significance, first-generation students showed large gains in confidence.
Teaching Research Skills to Vocational Learners: Teaching Chefs to Research
Authors:   Culinary Institute of America, Zhen Willa
Published: February 2021

This article focuses on teaching and mentoring course-based undergraduate research in a vocationally focused higher education setting. At the Culinary Institute of America (CIA), students are immersed in hands-on experiential classes. Their education begins with basic culinary techniques, and they gradually progress toward more specialized cooking skills such as the techniques of specific world regions or the production of specialty products such as chocolates and wedding cakes. The author discusses pedagogical techniques used to teach these learners, who are not the usual participants in independent research projects during a senior capstone. This article examines how to blend and utilize hands-on, experiential activities as part of teaching data gathering and the research process.
Conceptual usage model of big data generated by social media
Authors: Sabaitytė Jolanta , Karpovičiūtė Roberta
Published: February 2021

The digital revolution and the communication platforms provided by the Web 2.0 virtual space era, such as social media, social networks, other tools and channels, create new opportunities for better marketing decisions based on user-generated data analysis. Every day customers of social media and other virtual tools are creating huge amounts of their actions-caused data, and businesses lack management tools supporting this process, which could create knowledge in the areas of deeper cognitive customer profiles and preferences. The growing number of social media users indicates the popularity of these communication tools among the information society, but science today lacks a deeper knowledge of social media-generated data and other algorithms for this kind of data usage. Therefore, the purpose of the article can be defined as the development of a conceptual model of big data generated by social media usage in business. The formation of the conceptual model is based on the analysis of big data assumptions and application possibilities, social media classification peculiarities and different channel specifics, identification of big data analysis methods and analysis of big data applications generated by social media. The conceptual model creates preconditions for deeper knowledge of user-generated big data in nowadays’ widely used communication platforms, as well as creation of the decision support tool for marketing specialists in order to use big data from social media in deeper cognitive customer profiles and preferences. The methods employed in this research are literature and other references analysis, synthesis and logical analysis of information, comparison of information, systemisation and visualisation.
 
Keywords: Big data, data mining, social media, social networks, internet marketing.
Advances in understanding plant root behaviour and rootzone management in soilless culture systems
Authors:   University of Guelph, Canada, Zheng Youbin
Published: February 2021

A healthy and vigorous root system is essential in soilless plant cultivation. The primary function of roots in soilless systems is water and nutrient uptake. Root nutrient uptake has three characteristics: (1) selective, (2) accumulative, and (3) genotype dependent. Many factors can affect root health and root water and nutrient uptake. To create and maintain a healthy and vigorous root system, it is important to take an integrated rootzone management approach, considering the above characteristics and all the environmental factors. This chapter is a review of our current understanding of root, rootzone, and rootzone management in soilless systems; and it also discusses future research directions in this area.
Developments in inorganic materials, synthetic organic materials and peat in soilless culture systems
Authors:   Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, USA, Fields Jeb S. , Gruda Nazim S. ,   University of Bonn, Germany
Published: February 2021

Soilless substrates utilised in traditional hydroponics are often inorganic or synthetic materials, as opposed to organic substrate components utilised in other forms of soilless culture. As growers seek more precision production applications, more operations are shifting to soilless culture production for increased resource control. The standard substrate components utilised in soilless production have been well researched and engineered to fit into specific operations. Understanding the relationship between the substrate, water, and fertiliser in a container and knowing the movement within will allow for continued beneficial improvements in soilless culture and container horticulture industry. However, as we progress agricultural practices, new substrate materials optimised substrate materials must be developed. Here we present the traditional inorganic, synthetic organic materials and peat and how these components are developed, engineered, and processed.
Advances in liquid- and solid-medium soilless culture systems
Authors:   Ege University, Turkey, Tüzel Yüksel , Balliu Astrit ,   Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania
Published: February 2021

There are two types of soilless cultivation. Liquid systems are the growing of plants in the nutrient solution or under the mist of nutrient solution without a solid substrate. Solid-medium systems use inorganic, or organic materials for the plant roots. The chapter reviews a number of liquid systems: deep water culture (DWC), nutrient film technique (NFT), floating system, deep flow technique (DFT), aeroponics and dry hydroponics. Solid systems described include: gravel culture, sand culture, bag culture, container culture and trough culture. The chapter also assesses aquaponics, bioponics and vertical farming systems. The chapter discusses open and closed nutrition systems before looking at ways of optimising water and nutrient supply: growing medium and solution volume per plant, root zone temperature, oxygen enrichment and plant density. The chapter concludes with a case study on rocket production in liquid and solid medium systems.
Advances in irrigation/fertigation techniques in greenhouse soilless culture systems (SCS)
Authors:   Ministry of Agriculture, Rural Development and Environment, Cyprus, Nikolaou Georgios , Neocleous Damianos ,   Ministry of Agriculture, Rural Development and Environment, Cyprus, Kitta Evangelini ,   University of Thessaly, Greece, Katsoulas Nikolaos ,   University of Thessaly, Greece
Published: February 2021

The objective of this chapter is to describe the most common soilless culture system (SCS) irrigation and fertigation methods. The chapter summarizes common types of irrigation/fertigation system and types of management system. It then discusses the shift to real-time plant-based sensing and monitoring systems together with models to analyze this data and translate it into irrigation management decisions. A case study is included to illustrate these systems in practice. The chapter concludes by identifying new directions in the application of internet of things (IoT), artificial intelligence and phyto-sensing technologies to optimize input use.
Advances in nutrient management modelling and nutrient concentration prediction for soilless culture systems
Authors:   Seoul National University, Korea, Son Jung Eek , Ahn Tae In ,   Seoul National University, Korea, Moon Taewon ,   Seoul National University, Korea
Published: February 2021

In closed-loop soilless culture systems (SCS), ion concentration and ionic balance are important factors to be considered for stable management of nutrient solutions. For maintaining appropriate ion concentration and ion balance, various techniques of nutrient analysis and prediction are required. Through nutrient management modelling, nutrient variations in the closed-loop soilless culture systems using nutrient replenishment methods can be better understood and predicted. Deep learning algorithms could be a methodology to predict ion concentrations using environments and growth data. A trained deep learning model has been found to accurately estimate ion concentration and balance in closed-loop SCS. Applications of theoretical modelling and artificial intelligence can thus be useful for the nutrient management of closed-loop SCS in greenhouses and vertical farms.
Advanced hydroponics design for plant cultivation in cities
Authors:   DISTAL – University of Bologna, Italy, Pennisi Giuseppina , Pistillo Alessandro ,   DISTAL – University of Bologna, Italy, Appolloni Elisa ,   DISTAL – University of Bologna, Italy, Orsini Francesco ,   DISTAL – University of Bologna, Italy, Gianquinto Giorgio ,   DISTAL – University of Bologna, Italy
Published: February 2021

The growth of the world urban population altogether with the detrimental effects of climate change and resource scarcity are currently exerting extreme pressure on our food systems. Innovation in vegetable crop production is being driven by plant cultivation technologies that are independent of soil fertility and availability, highly efficient in the use of water and mineral nutrients and adapted to protected environments with resilience to both biotic and abiotic stresses. Soilless culture systems (SCS) are most suited to tackle these challenges, and in recent years their innovation has mainly targeted the adaptation of the growing techniques developed in traditional commercial greenhouse systems into advanced hydroponic designs fitted to diverse urban environments. This chapter describes the most recent innovations in SCS for plant cultivation within urban settings. These include rooftop farms and cultivation inside buildings through the use of artificial lighting. Finally, the chapter looks ahead to future research trends in this area.
Advances in soilless cultivation of tomatoes and other fruit vegetables
Authors:   Futura Gaïa, France, Truffault V. , Legast E. ,   Centre Technique Interprofessionnel des Fruits et Légumes (CTIFL), France
Published: February 2021

Fruit vegetables are a rich nutritive source for the human diet and highly appreciated for their taste. Tomato, sweet pepper or cucumber crops have specific growth requirements linked to their physiology and their architecture (plant bearing fruits). Soilless culture system (SCS) are characterized by high performance, product quality and profitability for growers and solves agronomical issues such as input use efficiencies and out-of-season production. Recent advances in soilless cultivation of fruit vegetables are reviewed in this chapter: from climate and nutrients requirements to ‘speaking plant’-based approaches and establishment of fruit quality.
Advances in soilless culture strawberry production
Authors:   formerly Massey University, New Zealand, Nichols Mike
Published: February 2021

The majority of strawberries produced in the world are grown in the open field, and only in the past 50 years has protected cropping become established as a commercially viable system. Soilless culture (hydroponics) is an important component of this form of intensive production because it enables the strawberry crop to be grown above the ground (table top system) which can provides an improved root environment, nutrition and irrigation and at the same time easier fruit harvesting. Solid media systems predominate over liquid based systems with peat and coir being the most popular media. Future production appears to be increasingly towards year round production by the improved control of the plant environment, combined with reducing harvesting costs by robotic harvesting.
Advances in soilless culture of ornamentals
Authors:   Wageningen University & Research, The Netherlands, van Os Erik , Kromwijk Arca ,   Wageningen University & Research, The Netherlands
Published: February 2021

In the production of cut flowers and pot plants there are slow developments towards closed growing systems with recirculation of the surplus nutrient solution. In some countries, such as in The Netherlands, legislation to reduce discharges is a steering factor, as well as the advantages of a disease free start, higher potential production and quality. Crops such as rose and gerbera with less than 10 plants per m2 are now grown in completely closed growing systems and are on their way towards zero liquid discharge. Crops such as freesia, amaryllis and chrysanthemum, are still experimenting with soilless culture systems. Phalaenopsis is the most important pot plant grown in The Netherlands and is on the way towards a closed growing system. This chapter discusses the progress made, key challenges and how they are being overcome.
ÁREAS DE PRESERVAÇÃO PERMANENTE E RESERVA LEGAL: UMA ANÁLISE SOBRE A (IN) CONSTITUCIONALIDADE DO NOVO CÓDIGO FLORESTAL
Authors: Reis Ernesto Santana dos , De Deus Santana dos Reis Rosane
Published: February 2021

RESUMOAs Áreas de Preservação Permanente e a Reserva Legal são instrumentos de proteção ambiental instituídos pelo Código Florestal de 1965 e mantidos, com alterações, no Código de 2012, reconhecidos por sua importância no tocante à garantia ao meio ambiente equilibrado. O objetivo deste trabalho é contextualizar as recentes divergências provocadas pelo tema, num contraponto à posição do STF, tão somente pelo respeito ao debate, não atribuindo qualquer juízo de valor a este ou àquele entendimento.