bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Autologous mitochondrial microinjection; a strategy to improve the oocyte quality and subsequent reproductive outcome during aging
Authors: Mobarak Halimeh , Heidarpour Mohammad , Tsai Pei-Shiue Jason , Rezabakhsh Aysa , Rahbarghazi Reza , Nouri Mohammad , Mahdipour Mahdi
Published: November 2019

Along with the decline in oocyte quality, numerous defects such as mitochondrial insufficiency and the increase of mutation and deletion have been reported in oocyte mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) following aging. Any impairments in oocyte mitochondrial function have negative effects on the reproduction and pregnancy outcome. It has been stated that infertility problems caused by poor quality oocytes in women with in vitro fertilization (IVF) and repeated pregnancy failures are associated with aging and could be overcome by transferring large amounts of healthy mitochondria. Hence, researches on biology, disease, and the therapeutic use of mitochondria continue to introduce some clinical approaches such as autologous mitochondrial transfer techniques. Following mitochondrial transfer, the amount of ATP required for aged-oocyte during fertilization, blastocyst formation, and subsequent embryonic development could be an alternative modality. These modulations improve the pregnancy outcome in women of high reproductive aging as well. In addition to overview the clinical studies using mitochondrial microinjection, this study provides a framework for future approaches to develop effective treatments and preventions of congenital transmission of mitochondrial DNA mutations/diseases to offspring. Mitochondrial transfer from ovarian cells and healthy oocytes could lead to improved fertility outcome in low-quality oocytes. The modulation of mitochondrial bioactivity seems to regulate basal metabolism inside target oocytes and thereby potentiate physiological activity of these cells while overcoming age-related infertility in female germ cells.
Analyzing Alternative Food Networks sustainability in Italy: a proposal for an assessment framework
Authors: Mastronardi Luigi , Marino Davide , Giaccio Vincenzo , Giannelli Agostino , Palmieri Margherita , Mazzocchi Giampiero
Published: November 2019

The aim of the paper is to evaluate the sustainability of Alternative Food Networks in Italy through the construction of a composite indicator, the Global Sustainability Index. The index is able to provide decision-makers with indications on synergies and tradeoffs between the different dimensions of sustainability. The methodological approach is of the quantitative type, and the information used in the study comes from a direct survey that involved 226 producers. The results show that the environmental indicators that take the greatest value are those concerning problems of great impact on the actual debate such as the loss of genetic diversity and the use of packaging for agro-food products. Regarding economic sustainability, the indicator with the highest value is related to the ability of the Alternative Food Networks to diversify sales channels. This evidence confirms the producers’ increasing difficulty to adopt mono-directional strategies, favoring a differentiation of markets and, consequently, a reduction of economic risks. In terms of social sustainability, two interesting evidences emerge: the considerable importance attributed to the information of the features of the products and the increase in work involvement following participation in the Alternative Food Networks.
Effectiveness of different methods of salicylic acid application on growth characteristics of tomato seedlings under salinity
Authors: Souri Mohammad Kazem , Tohidloo Ghasem
Published: November 2019

Background

Soil salinity is a real challenge in nowadays crop production in many regions. Various strategies have been applied to increase plant salinity tolerance. Salicylic acid (SA) frequently has been reported to increase plant salinity tolerance; however, the comparative efficiency of soil (root) or foliar application of SA has not been well tested yet. In this study, the effects of root or leaf pretreatment, and leaf treatment with 100 mg L−1salicylic acid were evaluated on growth characteristics of tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicumMill) under salinity stress. The plants were grown 3 weeks in sand that were fed with Hoagland nutrient solution with or without 100 mM NaCl.

Results

The results showed that salinity significantly reduced tomato seedling growth and traits of plant height, leaf area, shoot fresh weight, and nutrient concentration of potassium, calcium, iron and zinc compared to control plants. However, leaf SPAD value, root fresh and dry weights, leaf concentration of sodium, proline and soluble sugars were significantly increased under 100 mM NaCl salinity compared to control plants. Application of salicylic acid particularly by foliar pretreatment increased the tomato plant growth and those traits that were reduced by NaCl salinity. Application of SA, particularly foliar pretreatment, also increased the root fresh and dry weights, leaf proline and soluble sugars concentrations as compared with salinity alone. Foliar SA pretreatment significantly increased leaf K and Fe concentrations, whereas leaf Ca was significantly increased by either root or leaf pretreatment with SA under salinity.

Conclusion

The results indicate that the most to least effective method of SA application was leaf pretreatment, root pretreatment and leaf treatment, respectively, to recover the reduced growth parameters of tomato plant under salinity stress.
An evaluation of the performance of vertical mixing parameterizations for tidal mixing in the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS)
Authors: Robertson Robin , Dong Changming
Published: November 2019

Vertical mixing is important in the ocean for maintaining its stratification, redistributing temperature and salinity, distributing nutrients and pollutants, and the energy cascade. It plays a key role in ocean energy transport, climate change, and marine ecosystems. Getting the mixing right in ocean circulation and climate models is critical in reproducing ocean and climate physics. Ocean models, like the Regional Ocean Modeling System (Rutgers ROMS 3.4), provide several options for determining vertical mixing through the vertical mixing parameterization schemes. To evaluate which of these methods best reproduces realistic vertical mixing by internal tides, simulations of baroclinic tides generated by a seamount were performed using seven different vertical mixing parameterizations: Mellor-Yamada 2.5 (MY), Large-McWilliams-Doney’s Kpp (LMD), Nakanishi-Niino’s modification of Mellor-Yamada (NN), and four versions of Generic Length Scale (GLS). The GLS versions in ROMS 3.4 severely overmixed the water column within a day and were not considered realistic. We suspect that a coding error has been introduced for it. We focused on the performance of the MY, LMD, and NN vertical mixing parameterizations. LMD was found to overmix the water column. The performance of MY and NN were nearly equivalent and both well reproduced the observed velocity and diffusivity fields. NN performed slightly better by having a lower rms for M2 and K1, less benthic mixing, more mid-water column mixing, less overmixing, and fewer extremely high diffusivities (> 1 m2 s−1).
Homogenized earthquake catalog and b-value mapping for Ethiopia and its adjoining regions
Authors: Lamessa Geremew , Mammo Tilahun , K.Raghuvanshi Tarun
Published: November 2019

The Ethiopian rift which is part of East African Rift system passes through the middle of the country making it one of the most seismically active regions in the world. Thus, significant and damaging earthquakes have been reported and recorded in the past in this region. A homogeneous earthquake catalog is of basic importance for studying the earthquake occurrence pattern in space and time and for many engineering applications including assessment of seismic hazard, estimation of peak ground accelerations and determination of long-term seismic strain rates.

The first earthquake catalogue for Ethiopia was prepared by Pierre Gouin and later, different authors attempted to compile a catalogue using different time period intervals and different earthquake magnitude scales. The b-value mapping and its implication never done for Ethiopia and its environs. The main purpose of the study is therefore first compile and homogenize earthquake catalog of Ethiopia including Read Sea and Gulf of Aden regions into Moment magnitude Mw scale through completeness analysis in time and magnitudes. Secondly, mapping b-values for different Seismgenic regions and understand its implications for magma induced Seismicity in the regions.

During the present study, a new homogenized earthquake catalog in moment magnitude scale (Mw), covering about 3814 events is prepared for Ethiopia including Red sea and Gulf of Aden regions. The present study area is bounded within Latitude (40N − 200)N and Longitude (340N − 480)N E and have a magnitude range of Mw (3.0–7.1) with a total coverage period of 56 years (1960 to 2016). The catalog has been analyzed for magnitude completeness (Mc) using Gutenberg’s Frequency Magnitude Distribution law and it is found to be complete respectively for Mc ≥ 4.6 ± 0.03, Mc ≥ 4.6 ± 0.03, Mc ≥ 3.2, Mc ≥ 3.1 and Mc ≥ 5.1 for Afar including red sea and Gulf of Aden, Afar rift and Dabbahu Volcano, Northern, Central, and Southern Main Ethiopian Rifts. Further, the corresponding average b-value of the regions Afar including Red Sea and Gulf of Aden, Afar and Dabbahu Volcano separately, Northern Main Ethiopian Rift, Central Main Ethiopian Rift and Southern Main Ethiopian Rift respectively are estimated to be 1.17 ± 0.05, 1.15 ± 0.05, 0.843, 0.826 and 1.03 with respective period of completeness from 2003 to 2014, 2005 to 2014, 2001 to 2003, 2001 to 2003 and 1960 to 2016 for the regions. Later, mapping of the b-values in the Gutenberg-Richter relation from the newly developed catalog was performed by binning the regions into minimum of 0.050x0.050for Afar and Dabbahu region, 0.10x0.10for Main Ethiopian rifts and 0.20x0.20for the other regions. Thus, the b-value characteristics of various seismogenic zones within the area have been discussed. Hence, in this study, we clearly observed that magma chamber movement including mapping of volcanic centers and magmatic segments are mapped using b-values.
Comparison of cytotoxicity of black phosphorus nanosheets in different types of fibroblasts
Authors: Song Su-Jin , Raja Iruthayapandi Selestin , Lee Yu Bin , Kang Moon Sung , Seo Hee Jung , Lee Hyun Uk , Han Dong-Wook
Published: November 2019

Background

Two-dimensional black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNSs) have recently emerged as a successive novel nanomaterial owing to their uniqueness in optical and electrical properties. Although BPNSs have found a wide range of biomedical applications, their biosafety is still a major concern to be addressed.

Methods

In this study, we have prepared layered BPNSs using liquid exfoliation procedure, and evaluated their physicochemical properties using Fourier Transform-infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and Zetasizer analyses. We have investigated potential cytotoxicity of BPNSs against three different types of fibroblast cells, i.e. mouse embryonic fibroblast (NIH3T3), primary cultured normal human dermal fibroblast (nHDF), and fibrosarcoma (HT1080). Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was carried out to assess cellular metabolic activity in cells whereas lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity assay was helpful to study plasma membrane integrity.

Results

Our salient research findings showed that BPNSs were polydispersed in solution due to aggregation. Toxic response of BPNSs against fibroblast cells was in the order, HT1080>nHDF>NIH3T3. The nanosheets reduced the number of cancerous cells with significant difference to normal cells.

Conclusions

We suggest that BPNSs can be considered for cancer treatment as they destroy cancerous cells effectively. However, a comprehensive study is required to elucidate other biological effects of BPNSs.
Perioperative ultrasound imaging versus magnetic resonance imaging in management of lumbosacral spinal dysraphisms
Authors: Elmesallamy Wael Abd Elrahman Ali
Published: November 2019

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to correlate lumbosacral spinal ultrasound (LUS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in patients with lumbosacral spinal dysraphisms to evaluate the value of LUS in diagnosis, intraoperative use, and during follow-up of those patients.

Methods

A total of 24 patients aged up to 6 years old were operated for lumbosacral spinal dysraphisms at the Neurosurgery Department of Zagazig University hospitals during the period from January 2017 to August 2018. All patients were investigated preoperatively, intraoperatively, and on follow-up by LUS to compare the data with preoperative and follow-up MRI of the spine.

Results

The median age was 11 months at the time of surgery. The most common anatomical description from the LUS study was thickened filum (18 cases). Using MRI findings as the standard reference, the sensitivity of LUS in detecting a thickened filum was 77.8% preoperatively and 62.5% postoperatively, with a specificity of 100%. The sensitivity and specificity of detecting conus level, solid masses, and cystic masses were 100%.

Conclusions

Lumbosacral spinal dysraphisms can be evaluated well by ultrasound imaging in age group up to 6 years old with 100% specificity (true negative) in comparison with MRI.
Verification with the utility of an established rapid assessment of brain safety for newly developed vaccines
Authors: Kim Gwang-Ho , Yi Sun Shin
Published: November 2019

In the twenty-first century, high contagious infectious diseases such as SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome), MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome), FMD (Foot-and-Mouth Disease) and AI (Avian Influenza) have become very prevalent, causing treat harm to humans and animals in aspect of public health, and economical issues. The critical problem is that newly-reported infectious diseases that humans firstly experience are expected to continue to emerge, and these diseases will be spreading out rapidly. Therefore, rapid and safe supplies of effective vaccines are most pivotal to prevent the rapid prevalent of new infection, but international standards or assessing protocol the safety of urgent vaccines are not established well. In our previous study, since we established a module to assess the brain safety of urgent vaccines, therefore, it is necessary to verify that this established module for assessing brain safety could work effectively in commercially available two vaccines (one killed- and on live-vaccines). We compared the results of Evans blue (EB) assay and qPCR analysis by injection of two kinds of vaccines, PBS and Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) under the condition of the module previously reported. We confirmed that the brain safety test module for urgent vaccine we established is very reproducible. Therefore, it is believed that this vaccine safety testing method can be used to validate brain safety when prompt supply of a newly developed vaccines is needed.
Muscle structure governs joint function: linking natural variation in medial gastrocnemius structure with isokinetic plantar flexor function
Authors: Drazan John F. , Hullfish Todd J. , Baxter Josh R.
Published: November 2019

Despite the robust findings linking plantar flexor muscle structure to gross function within athletes, the elderly, and patients following Achilles tendon ruptures, the link between natural variation in plantar flexor structure and function in healthy adults is unclear. In this study, we determined the relationship between medial gastrocnemius structure and peak torque and total work about the ankle during maximal effort contractions. We measured resting fascicle length and pennation angle using ultrasound in healthy adults (N=12). Subjects performed maximal effort isometric and isokinetic contractions on a dynamometer. We found that longer fascicles were positively correlated with higher peak torque and total work (R2>0.41, p<0.013) across all isokinetic velocities, ranging from slow (30 degrees/second) to fast (210 degrees/second) contractions. Higher pennation angles were negatively correlated with peak torque and total work (R2>0.296, p<0.067). These correlations were not significant in isometric conditions. We further explored this relationship using a simple computational model to simulate isokinetic contractions. These simulations confirmed that longer fascicle lengths generate more joint torque and work throughout a greater range of motion. This study provides evidence that ankle function is strongly influenced by muscle structure in healthy adults.
Retroperitoneal fibrosis—the long and winding path
Authors: Suwathep Perawish , Khan Aazeb , Husein Rodwan , Huasen Bella , Bose Pentop , Brady Mark
Published: November 2019

Retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF) is a rare systemic disease. Two-third of the cases are idiopathic but assumed to have autoimmune process related to IgG-4. It is often a diagnosis of exclusion due to its non-specific clinical presentation. Early manifestation commonly causes back pain, raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate level and renal impairment. Investigations of choice are MRI and contrast-enhanced CT but biopsy should be performed for diagnostic confirmation. This case report describes a delay in diagnosing RPF in a 57-year-old female who initially presented to primary care with back pain, mild anaemia, raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate and progressive renal function decline. She was seen urgently in haematology clinic who arranged bone scan to rule out osteoblastic metastases, finding demonstrated possible pelviureteric junction dysfunction. The investigation was followed by a MAG3 renogram 4 weeks later instead of an abdominal CT leading to diagnostic delay. She then presented acutely 1 day after renogram with life-threatening hyperkalaemia and AKI 3. RPF was then suspected. Renal ultrasound scan and CT scan consecutively showed bilateral gross hydronephrosis and retroperitoneal mass around the aorta. The pelviureteric junction dysfunction was due to ureters getting embedded into the dense retroperitoneal fibrous tissue. She subsequently underwent bilateral ureteric stent placement and was commenced on steroid therapy, with satisfactory outcome on follow-up. Laparoscopic retroperitoneal biopsy later confirmed the diagnosis. This case not only highlighted important learning points on the presenting features and radiographic findings of RPF, but also the clinician’s cognitive biases leading to diagnostic delay of a rare but life-threatening disease.
Conceptions of Ability Influence the Learning of a Dance Pirouette in Children
Authors: Harter Natália Maass , Cardozo Priscila Lopes , Chiviacowsky Suzete
Published: November 2019

Conceptions of ability induced by instructions or feedback have been shown to influence motivation, reactions to failure, and learning in various populations. Few studies, however, have examined such effects on motor learning. The present study investigated the influence of conceptions
of ability on the learning of a dance pirouette in 10-year-old children. Two groups of participants were given either acquirable-skill (AS) or inherent-ability (IA) instructions before they began practicing the dance skill. All participants performed 15 practice trials of a (right) pirouette
in which the objective was to rotate as far as possible in a circle divided into eight equal sections, where the dependent variable was the number of sections rotated. One day later participants completed retention and transfer (left pirouette) tests, five trials of each, without ability conception
instructions. The induced conceptions of ability affected children's motor learning differently, with AS participants consistently scoring higher. These results demonstrate the advantage of using acquirable versus inherent conceptions of ability to promote the learning of dance skills in particular
and add to the growing body of research demonstrating the importance of socio-cognitive-affective variables in motor performance and learning generally.
Learning to make informed health choices: Protocol for a pilot study in schools in Barcelona
Authors: Martínez García Laura , Alonso-Coello Pablo , Asso Ministral Laia , Ballesté-Delpierre Clara , Canelo Aybar Carlos , de Britos Carol , Fernández Rodríguez Ana , Gallego Iborra Ana , Leo Rosas Victoria , Llaquet Paloma , Niño de Guzmán Quispe Ena Pery , Pérez-Gaxiola Giordano , Requeijo Carolina , Salas-Gama Karla , Samsó Jofra Laura , Terres Jordi , Urreta Iratxe , Rosenbaum Sarah
Published: November 2019

Introduction: The Informed Health Choices (IHC) project has developed learning resources to teach primary school children (10 to 12-year-olds) to assess treatment claims and make informed health choices. The aim of our study is to explore both the students’ and teachers’ experience when using these resources in the context of Barcelona (Spain).

Methods: During the 2019-2020 school year, we will conduct a pilot study with 4th and 5th-year primary school students (9 to 11-year-olds) from three schools in Barcelona. The intervention in the schools will include: 1) a workshop with the teachers, and 2) lessons to the students. The data collection will include: 1) initial assessment of the resources by the teachers, 2) non-participatory observations during the lessons, 3) semi-structured interviews with the students after a lesson, 4) assessment of the lessons by the teachers, 5) treatment claim assessment by the students, and 6) final assessment of the resources by the teachers. We will use ad hoc questionnaires and guides to register the data. We will perform a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the data to explore understandability, desirability, suitability, usefulness, facilitators and barriers of the resources. The most relevant results will be discussed and some recommendations on how to use, how to adapt (if needed), and how to implement the IHC resources to this context will be agreed. We will publish the study results in a peer-reviewed journal and in several Internet resources (web pages, electronic bulletins, and social media), and we will present them to the different users of interest in conferences, workshops, and meetings.

Ethical considerations: The study protocol has obtained an approval exemption from the Ethics Committee of the Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (Barcelona, Spain).
New Educational Practice As a Modification of the Social Campaign «Children for Children»
Authors: Skovran I.
Published: November 2019

The article draws attention to the fact that in the context of an increase in the pace of development of society, requirements for the younger generation, conditions should be created for the formation of children’s experience of cognitive and social activity. The features of the new educational practice, which appeared in the framework of the social campaign «Children for Children» in additional education at school, are revealed. The pedagogical results and eff ects of conducting classes by individual young children for peers in the system of additional education at school are noted. The importance of pedagogical support is indicated.
Expert-Analytical Paradigm in the Field of Recreational Services
Authors: Петрова Т. , Petrova T.
Published: November 2019

The growing demand for recreation and recreation has turned the recreational field of services into a very large sector of the economy. Market demand in the study is determined by the analysis of official statistics, the construction of time series, the assessment of the dynamics of indicators. The research was based on the methods of economic and statistical analysis, analytical substantiation of the findings, sample observation, comparison method, which allows to determine the differences or commonality of the object with an analog. The article analyzes the market demand for the main types of recreational services: hotel, tourist, Spa. Conclusions are drawn about the growing demand for recreational services. In the sanatorium-resort complex, the number of organizations is reduced at the expense of sanatoriums and children's sanatoriums, but this does not affect their capacity, characterized by positive dynamics. In terms of the volume of services per consumer, the steady leaders were hotel and tourist services, in the direction of the sanatorium-resort complex there is a trend of growth in the number of treated (vacationers), which indicates an increase in the efficiency of the use of the capacity of the bed capacity. Stimulating the development of the market in the recreational field of services and improving the competitiveness of recreational services can improve the state of the economy, in particular, increase the inflow of foreign capital, GDP growth, increase the number of job vacancies.
Interaction of System Analysis and Logistic Methods of Mathematical Modeling
Authors: Звягин Леонид , Zvyagin Leonid
Published: November 2019

The article is a research in the field of interrelation of system analysis and logistic methods of mathematical modeling. It reflects the basics and principles of these approaches in terms of their interaction in solving problems. Many studies have been conducted in this area and many theories have been put forward regarding their integration. But there is still no single approach to the solution of many problems facing the author. Because this topic is relevant today.
Reflexões sobre o ensinar e aprender Filosofia
Authors: Schütz Jenerton Arlan , Schwengber Ivan Luís
Published: November 2019

A partirda revisão bibliográfica, o presente escrito tematiza a relação entre filosofia e ensino, movimento que nos conduz à seguinte indagação: é possível aprender e ensinar filosofia? Consideramos que o ensino é um modo de comunicação ou exteriorização do pensamento, por meio do qual procuramos compartilhar algo com alguém. Não obstante, o ensino também é uma situação concreta na qual encontramos o Outro capaz de colocar todo o conhecimento em questão. Portanto, uma filosofia realmente autêntica é aquela que não pode ser separada da relação concreta do ensinar e do aprender.
INTENCIONALIDADE, SENTIDO E AUTOTRANSCENDÊNCIA: VIKTOR FRANKL E A FENOMENOLOGIA
Authors: Martins Filho José Reinaldo Felipe
Published: November 2019

Este trabalho pretende inserir-se no ponto de confluência entre filosofia e psicologia, estabelecendo o diálogo de ambas estas áreas por meio de dois significativos movimentos que marcaram o século XX. Em primeiro lugar, a fenomenologia, iniciada por Husserl e posteriormente desenvolvida por vários outras filosofias. Em segundo lugar, a psicologia de Viktor Frankl, cujo principal ponto distintivo põe em realce a questão do sentido e sua importância para a estruturação das consciências individual e coletiva. O texto procurará apontar pontos de aproximação entre fenomenologia e logoterapia, tendo como mote a insurgência de ambas estas reflexões como formas de combater o reducionismo cientificista que impregnava as ciências humanas na passagem do século XIX para o século XX, bem como imprimir a sua parcela de contribuição no resgate do que há de fundamental no ser humano, a saber: a sua capacidade de constituir um sentido. Para isso, se concentrará ao redor do conceito de intencionalidade, ponto fulcral para a fenomenologia, e explicitamente apontado por Frankl como tema para o desenvolvimento de seu discurso sobre a capacidade de autotranscendência do homem.
A anterioridade ontológica da individuação: terceiro estudo
Authors: Kreibich Susiane , Leite Thiago Soares
Published: November 2019

O artigo investiga a estrutura da pessoa humana na antropologia fenomenológica desenvolvida por Edith Stein. A pessoa humana é uma realidade composta pela unidade “alma” e “corpo”, os quais lhe permitem a experiência de si e a possibilidade de experienciar o mundo circundante. A unidade entre “alma” e “corpo” é garantida através de um princípio denominado “princípio de individuação”, o qual fundamenta o ser, tornando-o único e irrepetível. A unidade substancial do indivíduo precede a todos os acidentes. Como consequência, os acidentes, uma vez que são ontologicamente posteriores no ser, não tornam algo indivíduo. A estrutura da pessoa humana garante que o substrato ontológico denominado “indivíduo” possua primazia em relação à identidade. Desse modo, a individuação fornece o substrato ontológico a partir do qual as identidades são construídas. É necessário, portanto, que haja anteriormente o substrato ontológico denominado “indivíduo” em relação à constituição de identidade.
Cuerpo propio y cuerpo ajeno: Sobre la intersubjetividad en Husserl
Authors: Tenner Pedro Natán
Published: November 2019

En el presente trabajo ensayaremos una respuesta a ciertas críticas a la fenomenología de Husserl planteadas por Sartre, para quien la intersubjetividad que describe el autor alemán se funda en una concepción del otro que lo reduce a una categoría suplementaria del conocimiento. Intentaremos demostrar que el lugar central que tiene el cuerpo en la intersubjetividad husserliana abre un horizonte mucho más amplio que el de las posibilidades del conocimiento objetivo. Para ello, nos remitiremos a la quinta de las Meditaciones cartesianas, para luego apuntalar ciertos ejes conceptuales con temas desarrollados en textos de la Husserliana relativos a la intersubjetividad.
Feline systemic hypertension: the how and why of blood pressure
Authors: Pace Charlotte
Published: November 2019

Feline hypertension is a common disease seen in cats in veterinary practice. It can be idiopathic in origin, secondary to another disease process or medication, or occur as a result of stress. Left untreated, systemic hypertension can result in severe tissue injury to the renal, cardiovascular and neurological systems, as well as causing ocular changes. It is recommended in the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine Guidelines (2018) that senior cats and those with concurrent disease, or those at risk of target organ damage, should have blood pressure measurements taken regularly. These measurements need to be repeatable and reliable.
Fungal food spoilage of supermarkets' displayed fruits
Authors: Saleh Iman , Al-Thani Roda
Published: November 2019

Background and Aim: Post-harvest fungal infection of fruits and vegetables is mainly caused by fungal pathogens that can be harmful to both human and animals as they produce mycotoxins, post-harvest diseases in fruits and vegetables are a serious problem that results in the loss of a large percentage of crops reaching 50% in some fruits. This study aims at screening the post-purchasing shelf-life of four highly consumed fruits and vegetables and at identifying the fungal strains behind their spoilage in Qatar. Materials and Methods: Fruits and vegetables were collected from the market to study their post-purchasing shelf-life and to identify the fungal types involved in samples rotting. Factors that affect samples' shelf-life were also analyzed. Results: A total of 73 fungal isolates were isolated and identified, with the highest percentage of Penicillium (21.9%) followed by Rhizopus (17.8%). Interestingly, many mycotoxins producing and diseases inducing fungi were identified in this study; this includes Rhizopus, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Alternaria, Fusarium, Cladosporium, Botrytis, Geotrichum, and Colletotrichum. Statistical analysis shows that different fruits have significantly different shelf-life and different predispositions for spoilage. In many cases, a strong relationship was shown between the fungal types isolated and the country of origin of the fruit. Finally, the price of the commodity did not have a significant effect on its contamination level nor did the market from which the sample was purchased. This indicates that the fruit displaying methods in Qatar do not affect their contamination level. Conclusion: The study is among the first reports about fungal types involved in fruits and vegetables rotting in Qatar and it highlights the strong link between spoiling fungi and their country of origin.
A déli gondolkodás hagyománya
Authors: Balogh Dávid
Published: November 2019

Az írás a huszadik századi alulról építkező, kapitalizmus-ellenes társadalmi mozgalmak filozófiai hátterével foglalkozik. Albert Camus nyomán déli gondolkodásnak nevezi azt a fajta alapvetően humanista beállítódást, mely a környezettel való harmónia, a mértékletesség és a mindennapi élet piaci normák alól való felszabadítása nevében áll szemben a kapitalizmus elidegenedett, mértéktelen és pusztító tendenciáival. E radikális gondolati hagyomány a huszadik században csak néhányszor vált történelemformáló erővé, de mindegyik esetben egyformán elutasította a szovjet-típusú, a fasiszta és a nyugati jóléti kapitalista társadalomszervezési modelleket is. Az írás Camus totalizmus-kritikájától a hatvannyolcas felkelések gondolati magvát adó szituacionista társadalomkritikán át a századvég öko-anarchista(Bookchin) elméletéig tekinti át ezt a - némileg ellentmondásosan fogalmazva - "forradalmi hagyományt". A politikai eszmetörténet szintjén tekintve az I. Internacionálé latin ágaitól a hatvanas évek anarchokommunista (baloldali) marxizmusán át ível a bemutatni kívánt áramlat.
Antropológiai monizmus és dualizmus a korai Fichténél és a legfőbb jó kanti fogalmának módosítása
Authors: Hankovszky Tamás
Published: November 2019

Míg Kant antropológiai alapkérdése az volt, hogy mi az ember, és alapvetően dualista választ adott, Fichtét elsősorban az foglalkoztatta, hogy mi a rendeltetése. Emberképének már a kérdésben is implikált dinamikus jellege lehetővé tette, hogy a bennünk lévő kettősséget olyasvalamiként ábrázolja, mint amit az egység irányába fokozatosan meg kell, és meg is lehet haladnunk. A korai Fichte szerint ugyanis az a rendeltetésünk, hogy énünknek vessünk alá mindent, ami a nem-én hatása bennünk, így egyre inkább tiszta és abszolút énné váljunk. Maga az erkölcsi törvény írja elő számunkra, hogy legyünk maradéktalanul azonosak önmagunkkal, és ennek érdekében csak olyan meghatározottságaink legyenek, amelyeket mi adunk magunknak. Az így felfogott önazonosság azonban ugyanaz, mint amit Kant legfőbb jónak nevezett, hiszen a tőlünk különbözőtől való függetlenség elérése nemcsak az erény, hanem egyszersmind a boldogság állapota is volna. A legfőbb jónak ezért Fichténél nincs két komponense, és ezek összehangolásához nincs szükség Istenre, mint Kantnál, hanem maga az isteni attribútumokkal felruházott én, illetve a vele azonosított ember felelős érte. A tanulmány első két része Fichte két népszerű előadása alapján emberképének monista, illetve dualista jegyeit vázolja. A harmadik rész azt mutatja be, hogy ezek ötvözése hogyan vezet a legfőbb jó kanti fogalmának módosításához.
Habermas
Authors: Szabó Ferenc
Published: November 2019

A folyóirat Habermas-számának előszava.
What Were the Outcomes of the Self-Managed Economy in Socialist Yugoslavia?
Authors: Jakir Aleksandar , Lunic Anita
Published: November 2019

In this chapter, Aleksandar Jakir and Anita Lunic seek to address the economic system of socialist Yugoslavia that from the 1950s onwards was labeled workers' self-management. It is argued that economic crisis and reforms in socialist Yugoslavia triggered a slide towards political disintegration that can be traced back to the implementation of the social and economic system of self-management that was supposed to function as a kind of market socialism. The structural problems of this type of economy, with its contrast between the so-called developed and less-developed republics, brings the authors to the conclusion that it seems necessary to re-examine the system of self-management in the light of the fact that the socio-political system obviously produced increasingly greater inequalities. At the same time, this economy provided the political and economic elites in all republics with the possibility of obtaining a kind of »legitimation« from their »basis« by pointing to the given contradictions that were caused, and by stirring up national sentiments as the easiest way to explain why the results were far from expected. The chapter addresses the historiographical and sociological perspective of the Yugoslav economic system, the system of self-management, its concept and implementation, as well as the competition between the »developed« and the »underdeveloped«, portraying the socialist republics and provinces of Yugoslavia as political and economic (f)actors, and the position of workers within the system of workers' self-management is discussed, as well as strikes that arose from economic inequalities. It is argued that for a better understanding of the history of the disintegration of socialist Yugoslavia the connection between ethnic differentiation and prosperity or poverty has to be considered. Actually, it is not until economic conflicts had taken hold that we can find evidence of national mobilization of large parts of the population, so it seems justified not only to research historical, linguistic and cultural arguments in the process of disintegration but also the specific economic system of Yugoslavia's socialist self-management economy.
Film als Weltkunst
Authors: Priester Stefan
Published: November 2019

Von der Erfindung des Kinematographen 1895 bis zum Ende der Stummfilmära in den 1930er Jahren wandelte sich der Film von einer technischen Attraktion zu einer bis heute ebenso populären wie ästhetisch umstrittenen Kunstform. Stefan Priester rekonstruiert die Entwicklung der Filmkunst und der sie begleitenden filmästhetischen Kontroversen aus differenzierungstheoretischer Perspektive als Genese einer Weltkunst. Er zeigt, dass Filmkunst nicht als Durchsetzung künstlerischer Autonomie gegenüber externen Einflüssen entsteht. Konstitutiv für die Ausdifferenzierung der Filmkunst und ihrer Reflexionstheorie ist vielmehr der Rückgriff auf wechselnde Anlehnungskontexte wie Wirtschaft und Unterhaltung.
Die visuelle Kultur der Migration
Authors: Alkin Ömer
Published: November 2019

Worin besteht eine visuelle Kultur der Migration? Ömer Alkin liefert hierfür die erste umfassende Geschichte und Analyse des ›deutsch-türkischen Kinos‹. Mit seinem Konzept der »Polyzentrierung« macht er die populären Yesilçam-Filme aus der Türkei in der Historie des Genres sichtbar und wendet sich so gegen eurozentrische und epistemologisch vereinseitigende Modelle. Die postkolonialtheoretisch informierte Auseinandersetzung mit der Historie mündet so in medientheoretische Reflexionen: Ästhetische und kulturtheoretische Analysen zeigen, als was Migration in den Filmkulturen überhaupt sichtbar wird. Dabei werden die populären Filme zu »denkenden Medien«, die zu grundlegenden Erkenntnissen für die Bestimmung einer visuellen Kultur der Migration führen.
Big Data Biopolitics
Authors: Kafer Gary
Published: November 2019

This article considers the medial logics of American terrorist watchlist screening in order to study the ways in which digital inequities result from specific computational parameters. Central in its analysis is Secure Flight, an automated prescreening program run by the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) that identifies lowand high-risk airline passengers through name-matching algorithms. Considering Secure Flight through the framework of biopolitics, this article examines how passenger information is aggregated, assessed and scored in order to construct racialised assemblages of passengers that reify discourses of American exceptionalism. Racialisation here is neither a consequence of big data nor a motivating force behind the production of risk-assessment programs. Both positions would maintain that discrimination is simply an effect of an information management system that considers privacy as its ultimate goal, which is easily mitigated with more accurate algorithms. Not simply emerging as an effect of discriminatory practices at airport security, racialisation formats the specific techniques embedded in terrorist watchlist matching, in particular the strategies used to transliterate names across different script systems. I argue thus that the biopolitical production of racialised assemblages forms the ground zero of Secure Flight’s computational parameters, as well as its claims to accuracy. This article concludes by proposing a move away from the call to solve digital inequities with more precise algorithms in order to carefully interrogate the forms of power complicit in the production and use of big data analytics.
Uma aula sobre a gênese da escola ocidental moderna
Authors: Trindade Christiane Coutheux
Published: November 2019

Em mais de trinta anos de docência, não foram poucos os estudantes que tiveram o privilégio de aprender com Carlota Boto. A obra A Liturgia Escolar na Idade Moderna surge como uma generosa extensão dessa oportunidade a todos que se enredarem por suas linhas. Trata-se efetivamente de uma aula sobre a edificação da escola moderna por artífices daquele tempo: autores e atores que discursaram e agiram para desenhar os contornos de um novo modelo de escola, alinhado ao projeto civilizatório e às demandas de sua época. Entendo este livro como um feliz esforço narrativo, em que a autora atribui sentido não só ao fenômeno que se propõe estudar, mas também a seu percurso pessoal como professora que magistralmente inventa aulas desenhando teses. Como uma das pessoas que se sentaram em carteiras para ouvi-la, reconheço com alegria os itinerários de algumas de suas disciplinas, agora sistematizados de modo a nos permitir conhecê-los com uma profundidade e um rigor inacessíveis às nossas anotações de caderno. Para seus alunos, a leitura representa a nostalgia de uma conversa, com a possibilidade ímpar de voltar com mais maturidade para aquelas discussões, descortinando elementos antes despercebidos. Para novos leitores, constitui a chance de se apropriar de parte do abrangente e sofisticado repertório da autora. Para ambos, é um exercício de conhecer a escola por meio de condições históricas de sua existência, sob a lente de seu recorte.
“Na luta pela vida, uteis a si e á Pátria”: perfil biográfico-profissional do Professor Benjamin Flores
Authors: Ribeiro Betânia de Oliveira Laterza , Silva Elizabeth Farias da
Published: November 2019

Benjamin Flores (1872–1950) se empenhou em promover condições de existência e trabalho à sociedade de Belo Horizonte na primeira metade do século XX. Suas iniciativas incluem uma escola profissional para mulheres, quando a urbe se abria a uma atuação e produção social feminina maior na esfera pública. Tal ação pode ser vista como à frente de seu tempo, maturada num processo de autoconscientização de sua realidade social. Esse artigo incide na atuação profissional de Flores para reconhecer, em sua conduta, antecedentes de seu projeto educacional, com base em cartas, jornais e escrituração escolar, entrevistas e fotografias, fontes lidas com um olhar de intenção histórico-dialética para ver continuidades e permanências, convergências e contradições, coerência e fragmentação. Os resultados apontam como homem de sensibilidade quanto às demandas sociais que buscou atuar em instâncias variadas como agente público e, sobretudo, como professor que entendeu o ensino em suas várias facetas.
Leitura e escrita no governo de homens e coisas. Província de São Paulo - Século XIX
Authors: Giglio Celia Maria Benedicto
Published: November 2019

O artigo apresenta considerações preliminares de investigação sobre os usos da leitura e da escrita pelo Estado a partir de estudo que mapeou o desenvolvimento de práticas educativas disseminadas na Província de São Paulo entre 1836-1880. Privilegiando como fonte e objeto de estudo os relatórios dos presidentes da Província de São Paulo e com base na história cultural, mais especificamente nos escritos de Roger Chartier, apresentamos aspectos que apontam para os usos da leitura e da escrita como imprescindíveis no governo de homens e coisas. A partir da descrição de três eventos: a formação da estatística da província durante o período, a introdução do inquérito policial pela Reforma Judiciária de 1871 e o uso da leitura e da escrita na regeneração moral de sentenciados, demonstramos haver solo fértil para aprofundar o exame da escrita do Estado e considerarmos tal hipótese em investigações futuras.
El modelo organizativo de la Oficina de Gestión Judicial Poder Judicial de la Provincia de Santa Fe
Authors: Drago Mariana Jimena
Published: November 2019

Las políticas de diseño administrativo y de reorganización incluyen deliberaciones en torno a formas organizacionales, pero también implican luchas en torno a símbolos, legitimidad e identidad de la administración pública. Una teoría sobre la administración pública debe dar cuenta de la complejidad de la organización administrativa, de sus actores y del cambio que en ella opera. En el presente trabajo se efectuará un estudio organizativo aplicado a la Oficina de Gestión Judicial perteneciente al Poder Judicial de la Provincia de Santa Fe y se realizará una propuesta organizativa global. Se considerarán los ámbitos conceptuales fundamentales que agrupa cualquier organización pública: ámbito sociotécnico, ámbito políticocultura y ámbito de control y mejora. Por último, se aplicará la técnica de los Modelos de Orientación Estratégica (MOEs) a la Oficina de Gestión Judicial mostrando diferentes escenarios potenciales de cambio.
Modelo integrado de reputación: un constructo, cuatro dimensiones
Authors: Inostroza González Claudio Alejandro
Published: November 2019

La literatura académica en management no ofrece un consenso respecto del concepto de reputación. Esto hace pensar que el constructo posee una estructura multidimensional que incorpora interacciones y relaciones de múltiples atributos, que son percibidos por los stakeholders. Los enfoques existentes abordan la reputación organizacional, por lo general, desde una dimensión específica. Esta investigación analiza la reputación como recurso estratégico desde la perspectiva de Resource Based View para proponer un modelo teórico que incorpora cuatro dimensiones en su evaluación: prominencia, legitimidad, calidad y aspectos distintivos. El modelo puede ser utilizado para gestionar la reputación, manejando cada una de sus cuatro perspectivas. El entender sus relaciones permite a la organización tener un cuadro general de la situación en que se encuentra su reputación y saber cuáles son los aspectos que deben reforzar.