bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative characteristics of medium-maturing varieties of fiber-flax of Smolensk selection
Authors: Traburova Elena , Konova A. , Gavrilova A. , Zuyeva Svetlana , Chekhalkov S.
Published: January 2020

Abstract. The purpose of the research was to assess the average-ripe varieties of fiber-flax Smolensk selection on the complex of economic and useful features. The research was carried out on sod-podzolic, medium-loamy, medium-cultivated soil in the experimental fields of the Smolensk Institute of agriculture (ex. Smolensk state farm). The object of the study are 3 medium-ripe varieties of fiber-flax selection of Smolensk ISH: S-108 (on average for 2007–2009), Smolich (on average for 2011–2013) and Impul’s (on average for 2016–2018). Tab experiments, observations and records were performed according to generally accepted methods. The system of agriculture is typical for the Smolensk region. Results and practical significance. The article presents a comparative characteristic of the studied varieties of fiber-flax. It was established that all varieties belonged to the group of medium-ripened with a vegetation period of 80 days. Varieties S-108 and Impulse (80 cm) were the tallest along the length of the stem. Smolich lagged behind in growth from the above varieties on 5 sm. All varieties had a high resistance to lodging and optimal density of standing plants before harvesting. The highest yield of flax seeds and flax straw was noted in the variety S-108 (7.5 and 53.5 c/ha, respectively). The yield of all fiber varieties S-108 and Impul’s were at the same level (14.9 and 14.8 c/ha, respectively). The variety S-108 (29.0 % and 22.3 % respectively) was also distinguished by the content of all fiber in the stems and the yield of long fiber. According to the qualitative characteristics, the most durable fiber was in the Smolich variety (33.4 kg/s). The flexibility of all the studied varieties was approximately at the same level. Scientific novelty. Improvement of already existing varieties of fiber-flax with ecological plasticity.
Changes in the microbiocenosis of the rumen and digestibility of the dry matter of the diet with the introduction of gobies together fatty addition of ultrafine iron particles
Authors: Levakhin Yu. , Nurzhanov B. , Ryazanov V. , Dzhulamanov E.
Published: January 2020

Abstract. The gastrointestinal tract of cattle is a large and complex biomechanism for processing substances coming from outside, with their further assimilation by the animal’s body, to ensure normal life and productive growth. A special role is played by the rumen of cattle, in which the biosynthetic processes of the conversion of some chemicals and elements to others, under the action of enzymes of microorganisms, which have a responsible role in the processing of food components, as well as in a symbiotic relationship to each other. So, a disruption in the work of certain microorganisms under the influence of food factors leads to a disruption in the synthesis and work of the rest of the microbiota, which generally affects the state of the animal bioreactor as a whole. The aim of the study was to establish the effect of various dosages of ultrafine particles of Fe in combination with a fat supplement, as part of rations on the digestibility of dry matter of the feed, basic indicators of scar content, such as microbial fermentation of the feed and biomass of microorganisms and fatty acid composition. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that the effect of a complex of ultrafine particles of iron of different dosages ϲ a fat supplement on the cicatricial digestion of bulls raised for meat was studied. Methodology and methods. To conduct research, 12 bulls were bred in the conditions of the Pokrovskiy agricultural college-branch of the Orenburg State Agrarian University of the Orenburg region of the Orenburg region. Of these, four groups were selected according to the principle of analogues – control and three experimental, three animals in each, which, according to A. A. Aliyev were imposed scar fistulas. Results and scope. Thus, during the experiment it was found that the optimal dosage of iron nanoparticles mixed with a fat supplement in the diet was 425.6 mg per head per day, which contributes to better digestibility of dry matter by 8.98 % and a higher content of VFA in scar fluid by 2.28 % compared to ϲ control.
Coexistence of jaguars (Panthera onca) and pumas (Puma concolor) in a tropical forest in south–eastern Mexico
Authors: Ávila–Nájera D. M. , Chávez C. , Pérez–Elizalde S. , Palacios–Pérez J. , Tigar B.
Published: January 2020

The biological ranges of the jaguar (Panthera onca) and puma (Puma concolor) overlap in the Yucatan Peninsula, corresponding to the most important population of jaguars in Mexico. The goal of this study in the El Eden Ecological Reserve (EER) was to investigate the factors that permit these two predators to coexist in the dense vegetation of medium–stature tropical forest and secondary forest in the north–eastern Yucatan Peninsula. We assessed their spatial and temporal overlap using Pianka’s index, and evaluated their habitat use by applying occupancy models. A total sampling effort of 7,159 trap–nights over 4 years produced 142 independent photographic records of jaguars, and 134 of pumas. The felids showed high to very high overlap in their use of different vegetation (0.68–0.99) and trail types (0.63–0.97) and in their activity patterns (0.81–0.90). However, their peak activity patterns showed some temporal separation. Time of day, particularly for peak activity time, was the best predictor to explain the coexistence of the felids in this habitat. While occupancy models showed that the presence of potential prey species and vegetation type could predict the presence of felids in the study area. Natural disturbances during 2010 (hurricane) and 2011 (fire) drastically changed habitat use and activity patterns, resulting in pumas and jaguars adjusting their resource–use and activity pattern through a strategy of mutual evasion.
The Dynamics of Exchange Rate and Stock Return Before and After the Fed Policy Normalization: Evidence from Fragile Five Countries
Authors: Javidiar Arsya , Ekaputra Irwan Adi
Published: January 2020

Abstract: This research aims to examine the correlation between exchange rate and stock price return in each fragile five countries; Indonesia, Brazil, India, Turkey and South Africa. Using daily data, we investigate and then divide it into two periods; before Fed funds rate normalization (2013-2015) and after normalization (2016-2018), to find out whether the Fed funds rate hike caused a difference in the correlation between the two variables in each fragile five country. The methods used for this analysis are granger causality test and Vector Autoregression (VAR) using Eviews 9 program. Further investigation by analyzing the Dynamic Conditional Correlation-Multivariate GARCH (DCC MGARCH) method using Stata 15 program, which aims to find out the dynamic correlation between stock markets and also between currencies in fragile five countries. Granger test results found a difference in the relationship between variable exchange rates and stock price returns in Indonesia, India, and Turkey after the Fed normalization. Additionally, we learn that exchange rate lead stock price return in these three countries. Furthermore, the results of the DCC MGARCH test show that there is a significant positive dynamic correlation on the stock price index returns between markets. Moreover, we found similar results in testing positive and significant dynamic correlations between the exchange rates of each country.

Key words: fragile five, exchange rate, stock return, VAR, DCC MGARCH
Factors Influence Brand Awareness Towards Purchasing Intention on Susu Kental Manis Frisian Flag
Authors: Gemmy Herliani , Haryanto Jony Oktavian
Published: January 2020

Frisian Flag as a market leader dairy product in Indonesia has a large market share. However last year, brand value of Susu Kental Manis Frisian Flag has decreased dramatically. In addition, this study aimed to determine the factors that influenced brand awareness towards purchasing attention on Susu Kental Manis Frisian Flag. The type of this research was survey research by using questionnaire and took 200 respondents who knew and have tried Susu Kental ManisFrisian Flag. The data processing used structural equation modelling, this research result showed that positive factors which influenced brand awareness were attractiveness of advertisement and distribution intensity. While, brand awareness affects actual purchasing intention positively.
Obszary depopulacyjne w Polsce w latach 2002–2014
Authors: Majdzińska Anna
Published: January 2020

Depopulation is understood as a real population loss in an area represented by a negative population change. In the present-day Poland, the process is particularly distinct in the economically underperforming areas situated on the peripheries of large urban centres, but some of the most populous cities are also affected by it.

The purpose of the presented research using Webb’s typology was to identify Polish poviats that were depopulating in all the years from 2002 to 2014 as a result of natural population decline and negative migration balance (two-factor depopulation).

In the research, special attention was given to the rate of change in the number of population (total and by age group) and to a net natural and migration loss in the selected poviats. Selected characteristics of the 2014 population age structure in Poland were also evaluated.

The basis for all findings presented in the paper is vital and migratory statistics for the years 2002 to 2014 and the data on poviats’ population age structure from 2002 and 2014 published by the Central Statistical Office.
Characterization of breakthrough hemolysis events observed in the phase 3 randomized studies of ravulizumab versus eculizumab in adults with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Authors: Brodsky Robert A. , Peffault de Latour Régis , Rottinghaus Scott T. , Röth Alexander , Risitano Antonio M. , Weitz Ilene C. , Hillmen Peter , Maciejewski Jaroslaw P. , Szer Jeff , Lee Jong Wook , Kulasekararaj Austin G. , Volles Lori , Damokosh Andrew I. , Ortiz Stephan , Shafner Lori , Liu Peng , Hill Anita , Schrezenmeier Hubert
Published: January 2020

Eculizumab is first-line treatment for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH); however, approximately 11%-27% of patients may experience breakthrough hemolysis (BTH) on approved doses of eculizumab. Ravulizumab, a new long-acting C5 inhibitor with a four-times longer mean half-life than eculizumab, provides immediate, complete, and sustained C5 inhibition over 8-week dosing intervals. In two phase 3 studies, ravulizumab was noninferior to eculizumab (Pinf ≤0.0004) for the BTH endpoint; fewer patients experienced BTH with ravulizumab versus eculizumab in both studies (301 [complement inhibitor-naive patients], 4.0% vs 10.7%; 302 [patients stabilized on eculizumab at baseline], 0% vs 5.1%). In the current analysis, patient-level data were evaluated to assess causes and clinical parameters associated with incidents of BTH reported during the 26-week treatment periods in the ravulizumab phase 3 PNH studies. Of the five BTH events occurring in ravulizumab-treated patients across the studies, none were temporally associated with suboptimal C5 inhibition (free C5 ≥0.5 μg/mL); four (80.0%) were temporally associated with complement-amplifying conditions (CACs). Of the 22 events occurring in eculizumab-treated patients, eleven were temporally associated with suboptimal C5 inhibition, including three events also associated with concomitant infection. Six events were associated with CACs only. Five events were unrelated to free C5 elevation or reported CACs. These results suggest that the immediate, complete, and sustained C5 inhibition achieved through weight-based dosing of ravulizumab reduces the risk of BTH by eliminating BTH associated with suboptimal C5 inhibition in patients with PNH. Clinicaltrials.gov identifiers: Study 301, NCT02946463; Study 302, NCT03056040.
Expanded circulating hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells as novel cell source for the treatment of TCIRG1 osteopetrosis
Authors: Capo Valentina , Penna Sara , Merelli Ivan , Barcella Matteo , Scala Serena , Basso-Ricci Luca , Draghici Elena , Palagano Eleonora , Zonari Erika , Desantis Giacomo , Uva Paolo , Cusano Roberto , Sergi Sergi Lucia , Crisafulli Laura , Moshous Despina , Stepensky Polina , Drabko Katarzyna , Kaya Zühre , Unal Ekrem , Gezdirici Alper , Menna Giuseppe , Serafini Marta , Aiuti Alessandro , Locatelli Silvia Laura , Carlo-Stella Carmelo , Schulz Ansgar S. , Ficara Francesca , Sobacchi Cristina , Gentner Bernhard , Villa Anna
Published: January 2020

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the treatment of choice for autosomal recessive osteopetrosis caused by defects in the TCIRG1 gene. Despite recent progress in conditioning, a relevant number of patients are not eligible for allogeneic stem cell transplantation because of the severity of the disease and significant transplant-related morbidity. We exploited peripheral CD34+ cells, known to circulate at high frequency in the peripheral blood of TCIRG1-deficient patients, as a novel cell source for autologous transplantation of gene corrected cells. Detailed phenotypical analysis showed that circulating CD34+ cells have a cellular composition that resembles bone marrow, supporting their use in gene therapy protocols. Transcriptomic profile revealed enrichment in genes expressed by hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). To overcome the limit of bone marrow harvest/ HSPC mobilization and serial blood drawings in TCIRG1 patients, we applied UM171-based ex-vivo expansion of HSPCs coupled with lentiviral gene transfer. Circulating CD34+ cells from TCIRG1-defective patients were transduced with a clinically-optimized lentiviral vector (LV) expressing TCIRG1 under the control of phosphoglycerate promoter and expanded ex vivo. Expanded cells maintained long-term engraftment capacity and multi-lineage repopulating potential when transplanted in vivo both in primary and secondary NSG recipients. Moreover, when CD34+ cells were differentiated in vitro, genetically corrected osteoclasts resorbed the bone efficiently. Overall, we provide evidence that expansion of circulating HSPCs coupled to gene therapy can overcome the limit of stem cell harvest in osteopetrotic patients, thus opening the way to future gene-based treatment of skeletal diseases caused by bone marrow fibrosis.
Clinical Features of Patients presented with Extra Dura Haematoma Attended at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka City
Authors: Salam Md Abdus , Rahman Md Mahfuzur , Uddin Kalim , Islam Md Rafiqul , Khan Amir Mohammad , Mukharjee Sudipta Kumar , Nayeem Abu , Hossain Sk Sader
Published: January 2020

Background: The clinical presentation of head injury may vary.
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the clinical features of patients presented with extra dural haematoma.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Neurosurgery at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2010 to June 2011 for a period of one year and six months. All patients who underwent surgery with traumatic head injury having extradural haematoma were included in the study. The clinical features of the patients were recorded.
Result: Eighty (80) patients of traumatic head injury within and after 24 hours of head injury were enrolled in this study. In this study unconsciousness was in 32(40.0%) cases. However, convulsion was found in 12 (15.0%). Vomiting was the most common presenting features which was 71(88.7%) cases. Headache was reported in 48(60.0%) cases. The normal pupillary response was found in 42(52.5%) cases. The rest 38(47.5%) cases were dilated pupil.
Conclusion: In conclusion vomiting is the most common clinical features of patients presented with extra dura haematemases vomiting followed by unconsciousness and headache.
Bang. J Neurosurgery 2020; 9(2): 126-129
Fiskarsin ruukin tuotannolliset vaiheet ja niiden vaikutus ruukkimiljööseen
Authors: Sairinen Rauno
Published: January 2020

Vuonna 1649 perustettu Fiskarsin rautaruukki on vuosisatojen varrella tullut tunnetuksi yhtenä suomalaisen raudan- ja kuparintuotannon ja –jalostuksen syntypaikoista. Myöhemmissä vaiheissa metallinjalostus muuttui konepaja- ja hienotaetuotteiden suunnitteluksi ja tuotannoksi. Monille tutut Fiskarsin sakset, veitset ja aurat ovat syntyneet siellä. Fiskarsin ruukki on kokenut viimeisen kolmenkymmenen vuoden aikana voimakkaan rakennemuutoksen. Teollinen rautaruukki hiljeni ja muuntui taiteilija- ja käsityöläisruukiksi, ja samalla myös matkailu- ja asumisruukiksi. Ruukki on elänyt monia teknologisten muutosten kausia; ollut välillä muutosten perässä kulkija, mutta usein myös uuden kehittäjä ja innovoinnin keskus. Tässä artikkelissa analysoidaan Fiskarsin ruukin tuotannollisia siirtymiä ja niiden vaikutusta ruukkimiljöön muotoutumiseen koko sen 370-vuotisen historian aikana. Artikkeli jakaantuu kolmeen osatehtävään: 1) Fiskarsin ruukin teollistuotannollisten vaiheiden ja siirtymien analyysi ulottaen tarkastelu viimeiseen siirtymään kulttuuri- ja matkailuruukiksi. 2) ’Ruukkimiljöön’ eli ruukkiyhdyskunnan fyysisen ja maankäytöllisen muotoutumisen vaiheet ja näiden suhde tuotannollisiin siirtymiin. 3) Analyysi muutoksissa vaikuttaneista muutosajureista ja alueen omista muutosresursseista ja sopeutumiskyvystä. Ruukin omat ja siellä kehittyneet resurssipohjat, kuten energia- ja luonnonvarat, liikenneyhteydet, osaaminen ja riittävä työvoima, ovat olleet olennaisia sopeutumisessa ympäröivän maailman muutoksiin. Viimeisissä muutoksissa menestyksen keskeisiä tekijöitä ovat olleet historiallisen miljöön säilyttäminen ja hyödyntäminen sekä matkailun, kulttuurialojen ja pysyvän asumisen kytkeminen toisiinsa.
The Linguistic Heritage of Industry
Authors: Kolehmainen Leena , Sivula Anna
Published: January 2020

The goal of this article is to introduce the notion of industrial linguistic heritage into the study of industrial heritage. By combining viewpoints of cultural heritage research and language studies, the article opens new insights into the identities and cultural resources of industrial communities. The linguistic heritage of industry is investigated in the light of two case studies from selected linguistic landscapes of Varkaus, a small industrial community in eastern Finland. The case studies illuminate both multilingualism of the industrial community as industrial linguistic heritage and language as a means to verbalize and commemorate the industrial past of the community. The examination of the linguistic landscape data shows that language is an important strategic means to verbalize the past, to restore shared histories and participatory experiences, and to carry out commemorative identity work in the industrial heritage community.
HEALTH OF CHILDREN IN DIFFICULT LIFE SITUATIONS
Authors: Makarova V. I. , Pastbina I. M. , Poskotinova A. I. , Shumov A. V. , Plaksina N. Y. , Babikova I. V.
Published: January 2020

Improving health care system for children is one of the priorities of the state, and children in difficult life situations require special attention. The aim of this study is to assess the health status of children in this group, based on the data of medical preventive examinations conducted in 2017 on the territory of the Arkhangelsk region. Methods: an observational analytical retrospective cohort study. A cluster sampling procedure was applied. Altogether, 2 929 children from substitute families and 2 099 children from state institutions comprised the study base. Results: More than 90 % of children were covered by prophylactic medical examination according to the orders 216н and 72н of Ministry of Health. Indicators of physical development generally correspond to the average data for the Arkhangelsk region, although in the group of pupils of closed institutions their alignment is gradual, as the proper care of children and implementation of the recommendations of specialists. In the distribution of children by health groups, attention is drawn to the low percentage of practically healthy children with a clear predominance of persons with chronic somatic pathology (with a large number of children with group V health in public institutions explained by the participation in the study of specialized institutions). Recommendations for additional screening are implemented in about 50 % of children; this figure is higher only in children from orphanages (> 90 %). Conclusion: The health status of children in difficult life situations differs from that of children raised in biological families: the majority of children belong to groups II and III of health with a low percentage of healthy children (group I) and a relatively high percentage of children with disabilities (group V). Leading places in the structure of pathology are diseases of the musculoskeletal and digestive systems.
HEART RATE VARIABILITY IN GAS INDUSTRY EMPLOYEES IN THE NORTH
Authors: Govorukhina A. A. , Slyusar E. N.
Published: January 2020

Aim: to study heart rate variability in 102 women working as engineers at Surgut Research Industrial Institute in relation to duration of stay in the North and age. Methods: Heart rate variability was assessed using a diagnostic set "VNS-range" by the company 'Neurosoft'. Categorical data were analyzed using chi-squared tests. Statistica software was used for all calculations. Results: With increasing age, the values of the total power index (TP), the power of the very low frequency (VLF), and stress index (IS) significantly increase. The root-mean-square deviation of successive RR-intervals (SDNN), TP and the power of the high-frequency oscillation spectrum (HF) are significantly increase while the power of the low-frequency oscillation spectrum (LF) and the activation index of subcortical centers (IASC) decrease with increase in the duration of stay in the North. Thus, parasympathetic influences predominate with a tendency to vagotonia. At the same time, increases a state of stress to system of cardiohemodynamics. But, female engineers living in the North for up to 10 years have seen a significant tension in regulatory systems, since higher control levels are included in the regulation process, which leads to suppression of autonomous circuit activity and a decrease in the adaptive capabilities of the cardiovascular system. It can be assumed that the activation of the sympathetic link is considered as a nonspecific component of the adaptation reaction in response to various stressful effects. Decrease in heart rate variability indices indicates a changes in vegetative control and its regulation. The highest rates of HRV are recorded in healthy young people and living in the North for a short time. Decrease in these indicators may indicate adverse changes in the regulation of the cardiovascular system.
The multimodality of the adolescents' personological profile in the context of the gender-role identity
Authors: Tokareva N.
Published: January 2020

The article deals with the analysis of the issue of the variability of the juveniles' personal development under the conditions of the modern socio-cultural space. It has been identified that the personological constructs of the transition-to-adulthood entities explicate the mental matrices of an individual's socialization in accordance with the cultural dimensions of the society. It has been found that the gender-role identity is a necessary indicator of the egalitarian consciousness of a transition-to-adulthood entity. The author regards the phenomenology of the gender-role identity as an integrative personological construct that determines a person's awareness of his/her belonging to a gender and the formatting of his/her life experience relative to his/herself. The sociocultural conditionality of the gender-role differences in the juveniles' behavior has been substantiated. The gender-role standards are defined in the article as typical patterns (models) of emotionally colored perceptions regarding feminine and masculine scenarios of behavior and personality traits. Based on the analysis of the empirical material, the article outlines the tendencies of the manifestation of the multimodality of gender-role concepts of resilience and the locus of control of a juvenile individual. The distinctive features of the development of the personal constructs of juveniles of different genders as a dimension of the integrative individual profile of a person during his/her transition to adulthood have been ascertained. Generalized statistically average results of the empirical measurement of the juvenile students' personal constructs are presented. It has been statistically corroborated that the constructs being researched of the subjective profile of an individual are formatted at the juvenile age, which exactly should be the object of corrective and preventive interventions in the dynamic context of the psychological support for the transition to adulthood. The results obtained substantially complement the materials presented by the scientific community regarding the trends in the conceptualization of indicators for the transition to adulthood of the present-day young people.
Current trends in the development of virtual addiction: impulse control disorder and escaping
Authors: Lysenko O.
Published: January 2020

The development of information technology is continually evolving due to the need to improve the quality of human life. Quick and efficient search for the necessary information, the possibility of free and immediate access to a wide range of goods and services, entertainment applications for devices, etc. - these are convenient ways of the personal high-performance self-fulfilment.  That is why, in recent years, there has been a tendency to the rapid increase in the use of Internet resources and media devices. Although, it is worth noting that the virtual fantasy environment can perform not only the useful part in the achievement of the success in the financial stability, in the educational and professional engagement, but it can also provoke an emotional attachment and concurrent dangerous psycho-physical diseases. Virtual addiction has five main types; they are as follows:   gaming, a tendency to excessive spending through online resources (gambling, shopping on the Internet), viewing pornographic materials, activities on social networks, rampant information search and so on. Also, this pathological condition causes the neurobiological changes in the cerebrum. Virtual addiction is characterized by a kind of rebound syndrome with negative emotional colouring due to the appearance of the discomfort of varying severity against the background of the lack of access to the digital environment. One of the significant factors influencing the development of this condition is the escaping phenomenon. Escaping is formed on the basis of the negative processes of everyday life in the case when a person decides to engage in distracting activities from emotionally-traumatic irritants. In some cases, this method can be useful; however, the main threat of escaping in the context of the development of virtual addiction is the progression of personal difficulties, since the lack of timely solutions to critical situations can contribute to the strengthening of adverse life events.  Taking into consideration that the problem of the pathological use of digital space and Internet networks is a relatively new area, researchers are still in the scientific and creative search for optimal methods for diagnosing and treating the above disorder. It creates a critical need for the development of high-quality research designs to obtain reliable results that will be conveniently implemented in the practice of health professionals (therapists, psychologists, psychotherapists, psychiatrists, etc.)  That is why the present work provides an overview of current trends in the development of virtual dependence, taking into consideration impulse control disorders and such phenomenon as escaping.
Features of the value orientations formation in the middle - older preschool age range
Authors: Karabayeva I.
Published: January 2020

The article, based on empirical research, outlines the results of qualitative restructuring and dynamic changes in the formation of value orientations in preschool children in the age range of 5 - 6 years. The paper demonstrates that the process of becoming value orientations at six years is the most dynamic despite all the individually variational features. The author emphasizes that between 5 and 6 years there is a significant increase in important components of value orientations and their adequately motivated expression. It is claimed that in the age range from middle to older preschool age, meaningful orientations change in the filling of its constituent components towards greater differentiation (components become more), completeness (transition from external characteristics to behavioural manifestations, personality traits and semantic categories), awareness (the importance and significance of the conscious components increases) and resilience (increasing the number of persistent traits and qualities that describe pre-schoolers’ value orientations). The author describes personal centralization as one of the peculiarities of the value orientations formation at children in children of middle and older preschool age.
Pro-Inflammatory Gene Expression in Adipose Tissue of Patients With Atherosclerosis
Authors: ČEJKOVÁ S. , KRÁLOVÁ LESNÁ I. , FRONĚK J. , JANOUŠEK L. , KRÁLOVÁ A. , ŽDYCHOVÁ J. , Thieme F. , POLEDNE R.
Published: January 2020

Inflammatory changes, both in the arterial wall and adipose tissue, play a crucial role in the development of atherosclerosis. We measured the gene expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in adipose tissue (AT) of living kidney donors (LKD) and patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and flow cytometry analyses were performed in subcutaneous (SAT), visceral (VAT), and perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT). Data of PAD patients showed significantly higher expression in VAT in all three genes (TNFα 5-fold, p<0.05; MCP-1 3.6-fold, p<0.05; IL-6 18.8-fold, p<0.001). The differences in PVAT and SAT were less significant. Total body pro-inflammatory status was documented by higher TNFα concentration in patients (4.86±1.4 pg/ml) compared to LKDs (2.14±0.9 pg/ml; p<0.001), as was hsCRP (11.8±7.0 in PAD; 1.5±0.48 in LKDs; p=0.017). We found no age-dependent relationship between gene expression vs. TNFα and hsCRP concentrations in both compared groups. No effect of the atherosclerosis score on gene expression and circulating inflammatory markers within the PAD group was observed. Our results suggest that the AT of PAD patients infiltrated with macrophages produces more cytokines involved in the development of inflammation and atherosclerosis.
Proteomic Approach for Identification of IgA Nephropathy-Related Biomarkers in Urine
Authors: PRIKRYL P. , VOJTOVA L. , MAIXNEROVA D. , VOKURKA M. , NEPRASOVA M. , ZIMA T. , TESAR V.
Published: January 2020

Proteinuria is often used as a surrogate marker in monitoring and predicting outcome in patients with chronic kidney diseases, but it is non-specific. IgAN belongs to the most common primary glomerulonephritis worldwide with serious prognosis. The main aim of this work was to assess differences in urine proteins in patients with IgA nephropathy and to identify abnormal proteins as potential biomarkers of IgA nephropathy or the renal disease. In our pilot project, we selected 20 patients and compared them with 20 healthy volunteers. Protein quantification was performed using iTRAQ (isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation) labeling method. The peptides were separated by the isoelectric focusing method (IEF) and nano-LC with C18 column and identified by mass spectrometry using MALDI-TOF/TOF MS. Proteins´ lists obtained from IEF-LC-MS-MS/MS analysis were combined and contained 201 proteins. It was found out that 113 proteins were common in both experiments. 30 urinary proteins were significantly up- or down-regulated in patients with IgA nephropathy. We characterized potential biomarkers such as alpha-1-antitrypsin, apolipoprotein A-I, CD44 antigen or kininogen. Potential biomarkers of IgAN should be validated in further studies.
Chronic Administration of Quercetin Induces Biomechanical and Pharmacological Remodeling in the Rat Coronary Arteries
Authors: MONORI-KISS A. , KISS F. , RESTIFO J. M. , MONOS E. , NADASY G. L.
Published: January 2020

Acute dilation brought about by the dietary flavonoid quercetin in coronary arterioles has been described earlier, but no information is available on its chronic effects. Male Wistar rats (body weight about 190 g) were divided to two groups: the quercetin-treated group (n=22) had quercetin supplementation of approximately 30 mg/kg/day, whereas the control group (n=20) had none. After eight weeks of treatment, intramural coronary arterioles with identical passive diameters (178±14 µm and 171±9 µm) were prepared and their biomechanics and pharmacological reactivities were tested using pressure arteriography ex vivo. The spontaneous tone of quercetin-treated arteries was higher (16.5±1.9 % vs. 12.9±0.9 %), which resulted in a reduced lumen size (144±9 μm vs. 167±12 μm), thicker vascular wall (22.6±1.8 μm vs. 17.4±1.6 μm) and decreased tangential wall stress (16.8±1.1 kPa vs. 20.5±1.6 kPa) in supplemented animals (in spontaneous tone at 50 mm Hg, p<0.01 in all these comparisons). Elevated basal NO release resulted in increased endothelial dilation in quercetin-treated animals, especially at higher intraluminal pressures (10.8±2.5 % vs. 5.7±1.3 % at 70 mm Hg, p<0.01). We found remodeling of the geometry of coronary arterioles to ensure higher dilatory reserve and nitrogen monoxide production, as well as lowered elastic stress of the vessel wall.
Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Memory Impairment in Rats: a Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: ZAKARIA R. , WAN YAACOB W. M. H. , OTHMAN Z. , LONG I. , AHMAD A. H. , AL-RAHBI B.
Published: January 2020

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a primary cause of dementia in the middle-aged and elderly worldwide. Animal models for AD are widely used to study the disease mechanisms as well as to test potential therapeutic agents for disease modification. Among the non-genetically manipulated neuroinflammation models for AD, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced animal model is commonly used. This review paper aims to discuss the possible factors that influence rats’ response following LPS injection. Factors such as dose of LPS, route of administration, nature and duration of exposure as well as age and gender of animal used should be taken into account when designing a study using LPS-induced memory impairment as model for AD.
Moderate Exercise Based on Artificial Gravity Preserves Orthostatic Tolerance and Exercise Capacity During Short-Term Head-Down Bed Rest
Authors: LI X.-T. , YANG C.-B. , ZHU Y.-S. , SUN J. , SHI F. , WANG Y.-C. , GAO Y. , ZHAO J.-D. , SUN X.-Q.
Published: January 2020

Numerous countermeasures have been proposed to minimize microgravity-induced physical deconditioning, but their benefits are limited. The present study aimed to investigate whether personalized aerobic exercise based on artificial gravity (AG) mitigates multisystem physical deconditioning. Fourteen men were assigned to the control group (n=6) and the countermeasure group (CM, n=8). Subjects in the CM group were exposed to AG (2 Gz at foot level) for 30 min twice daily, during which time cycling exercise of 80-95 % anaerobic threshold (AT) intensity was undertaken. Orthostatic tolerance (OT), exercise tests, and blood assays were determined before and after 4 days head-down bed rest (HDBR). Cardiac systolic function was measured every day. After HDBR, OT decreased to 50.9 % and 77.5 % of pre-HDBR values in control and CM groups, respectively. Exercise endurance, maximal oxygen consumption, and AT decreased to 96.5 %, 91.5 % and 91.8 % of pre-HDBR values, respectively, in the control group. Nevertheless, there were slight changes in the CM group. HDBR increased heart rate, sympathetic activity, and the pre-ejection period, but decreased plasma volume, parasympathetic activity and left-ventricular ejection time in the control group, whereas these effects were eliminated in the CM group. Aldosterone had no change in the control group but increased significantly in the CM group. Our study shows that 80-95 % AT aerobic exercise based on 2 Gz of AG preserves OT and exercise endurance, and affects body fluid regulation during short-term HDBR. The underlying mechanisms might involve maintained cardiac systolic function, preserved plasma volume, and improved sympathetic responses to orthostatic stress.
Effect of Pre- and Post-Weaning High-Fat Dietary Manipulation on Intestinal Microflora and Alkaline Phosphatase Activity in Male Rats
Authors: ŠEFČÍKOVÁ Z. , BUJŇÁKOVÁ D.
Published: January 2020

We investigated the impact of a high-fat (HF) diet during pre- and post-weaning periods on the intestinal microbiota and alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity in male rats. Nutrition from birth was influenced by feeding rat dams with either a standard or HF diet. After weaning male pups nursed by control dams continued on a standard diet (CC) or HF diet (C→HF), while offspring nursed by HF dams continued on HF diet (HF) or standard diet (HF→C). The numbers of Bacteroides/Prevotella (BAC) and Lactobacillus/Enterococcus (LAB) in the gut were determined by FISH technique. HF pups displayed enhanced adiposity and increased AP activity (19 %), as well as higher LAB (P<0.001) and lower numbers of BAC (P<0.001) in the jejunum and colon than controls. In HF→C rats, post-weaning lower fat intake resulted in decreased fat deposition accompanied by reduced AP activity (20 %) compared to HF rats. Composition of the intestinal microbiota in these rats was not influenced. In contrast, in comparison with controls, C→HF rats displayed higher LAB (P<0.001) and lower BAC (P<0.001) together with increased adiposity and AP activity (14 %). These results indicate that consumption of diet with different fat content could modulate gut microbial/functional conditions depending on the period when the nutritional manipulation occurs.
Early Morphologic Alterations in Renal Artery Wall and Renal Nerves in Response to Catheter-Based Renal Denervation Procedure in Sheep: Difference Between Single-Point and Multiple-Point Ablation Catheters
Authors: TÁBORSKÝ M. , RICHTER D. , TONAR Z. , KUBÍKOVÁ T. , HERMAN A. , PEREGRIN J. , ČERVENKOVÁ L. , HUSKOVÁ Z. , KOPKAN L.
Published: January 2020

Renal sympathetic hyperactivity is critically involved in hypertension pathophysiology; renal denervation (RDN) presents a novel strategy for treatment of resistant hypertension cases. This study assessed effects of two RDN systems to detect acute intravascular, vascular and peri-vascular changes in the renal artery, and renal nerve alterations, in the sheep. The procedures using a single-point or multi-point ablation catheters, Symplicity FlexTM, Medtronic versus EnligHTNTM, St. Jude Medical were compared; the intact contralateral kidneys served as controls. Histopathological and immunohistochemical assessments were performed 48 h after RDN procedures; the kidney and suprarenal gland morphology was also evaluated. Special staining methods were applied for histologic analysis, to adequately score the injury of renal artery and adjacent renal nerves. These were more pronounced in the animals treated with the multi-point compared with the single-point catheter. However, neither RDN procedure led to complete renal nerve ablation. Forty-eight hours after the procedure no significant changes in plasma and renal tissue catecholamines were detected. The morphologic changes elicited by application of both RDN systems appeared to be dependent on individual anatomical variability of renal nerves in the sheep. Similar variability in humans may limit the therapeutic effectiveness of RDN procedures used in patients with resistant hypertension.
Aplikasi BRT Trans Semarang Berbasis Android
Authors: Ardiana Priskila Penny , Erawan Lalang
Published: January 2020

BRT Trans Semarang adalah sarana transportasi yang disediakan pemerintah Kota Semarang. Pemerintah Kota Semarang memberikan fasilitas yang nyaman serta memberikan kemudahan bagi pengguna. Salah satunya yaitu dengan mengembangkan aplikasi berbasis android. Aplikasi yang dikembangkan dapat membantu pengguna dalam memperoleh informasi halte BRT dan pencarian rute. Namun, aplikasi tersebut masih terdapat kekurangan yaitu aplikasi belum memberikan informasi letak halte di 6 koridor, letak halte transit, informasi rute pada 6 koridor BRT dan informasi halte terdekat. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan aplikasi BRT Trans Semarang agar dapat menutupi kekurangan dari aplikasi yang sudah dikembangkan. Pengembangan aplikasi menggunakan metode waterfall dengan tools android webview. Dengan pengembangan yang dilakukan, diperoleh hasil berupa aplikasi BRT Trans Semarang berbasis android yang dapat memberikan informasi letak halte di 6 koridor, letak halte transit, dan rute pada 6 koridor. Selain itu, aplikasi juga dapat memberikan informasi halte terdekat serta dapat membantu dalam pencarian rute
New genus and first record of Hybotinae (Diptera: Empidoidea: Hybotidae) in middle Miocene Dominican amber
Authors: Solórzano-Kraemer Mónica M. , Delclòs Xavier , Peñalver Enrique , Sinclair Bradley J.
Published: January 2020

A new fossil genus of the family Hybotidae is described, based on male and female specimens. The new genus is monotypic: Syneproctus caridadi gen. et sp. nov. It belongs to the subfamily Hybotinae and shares some characters with the extant genera Syneches Walker, 1852, Stenoproctus Loew, 1858 and Chillcottomyia Saigusa, 1986; however, the differences, principally in the wing venation (shortened cua cell, horizontal m-cu crossvein) and sclerotized mouthparts, support the description of a new genus. This is the first description of a new taxon of the subfamily Hybotinae from specimens preserved in Dominican amber.
Guajirus serpentinicus: a new genus and species of minute grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Ommatolampidinae) from Cuba
Authors: Perez-Gelabert Daniel E.
Published: January 2020

Guajirus serpentinicus gen. nov., sp. nov., is described from the serpentine plant communities of Matanzas province located less than 100 km east of Havana, Cuba. The genus can be distinguished by its distinctive combination of characters: very small size (<10 mm), compact body, variegated coloration, large rounded eyes in a small head, relatively long and tongue-like remnants of the tegminae, tympanum present, furculae barely present and male subgenital plate with a wide rounded concavity. These small grasshoppers appear adapted to the special conditions of living in the serpentine communities of western Cuba.
Especie nueva de Epimeria (Amphipoda: Epimeriidae) del Golfo de Panamá
Authors: Varela Carlos
Published: January 2020

Se describe una especie nueva perteneciente al género Epimeria de material colectado durante la expedición del B/I John Elliott Pillsbury en las aguas profundas del Golfo de Panamá. Esta nueva especie puede ser distinguida de las otras especies del género por la combinación de los siguientes caracteres: rostro largo, alcanza la mitad del artejo 2 de la antena 1; ojos ausentes; coxopodito 4 con margen anterovental casi recto dirigido hacia abajo; coxopodito 5 con esquina posteroventral puntiaguda extendiéndose hasta el pleonito 2; pleonitos 5?7 con dientes mediodorsales agudos dirigidos hacia atrás; margen posterior del telson, liso. Este es el primer registro de un representante de la familia Epimeriidae para el Golfo de Panamá.
The Feasibility of Blood Pressure Control with Autonomic-Assisted Hypertension Therapy Versus JNC 8 Therapy
Authors: Murray Gary L , Colombo Joseph
Published: January 2020

Background: Over one billion people have Hypertension (HTN); mortality and morbidity are increasing. The Parasympathetic and Sympathetic (P&S) nervous systems prominently affect the onset and progression of HTN, yet P&S measures are not used to assist in management. Our objective was to determine the feasibility of HTN control using P&S-guided to JNC 8 HTN therapy.
Methods: 46 uncontrolled HTN patients were randomized prospectively to P&S-assisted management, adjusting JNC 8 therapy using the ANX 3.0 Autonomic Monitor and adding (r) Alpha Lipoic Acid (Group 1) vs. JNC 8 (Group 2).
Results: The two Groups were similar in: 1) age (mean 66 vs. 70 y/o for Groups 1 and 2, respectively; 2) initial resting home Blood Pressure (BP, Group 1 mean=162/90 mmHg vs. Group 2 mean=166/87 mmHg, 3) initial resting office BP Group 1 mean=151/75 mmHg vs. Group 2 mean=155/73 mmHg, and 4) ethnicity. Upon follow-up (mean=8.35 mo.): 1) mean resting home BPs were 145/77 mmHg (Group 1, 74% of patients at JNC 8 goal) vs. 155/83.5 mmHg (Group 2, 30.4% at JNC 8 goal), and 2) mean resting office BPs were 138/71 mmHg (Group 1) vs. 146/65 mmHg (Group 2). At the studys conclusion, Group 1 Sympathetic tone was lower than that for Group 2 both at rest and upon standing, and Group 1 Parasympathetic tone was higher than that for Group 2 both at rest and upon standing.
Conclusion: P&S-assisted HTN therapy is feasible, resulting in improved BP control, through healthier P&S tone on fewer prescription medications.
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI MATEMATIS SISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL CERITA MELALUI PENDEKATAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH
Authors: Karlimah Karlimah , Lestari Dania Fuji
Published: January 2020

The objective of the study were to develop learning plan and describe the implementation and results of student learning through problem-solving approach in order to improve the communication skills of students in solving mathematical case test problems. A model of classroom action research was used and held in April 2010 at SDN 1 located at Saguling Village, District of Baregbeg, Ciamis Regenc, West Java Province. Data collection was conducted in 3 cycles out of 28 fourth grade students and a teacher who acts as a reseacher of the study. Research instrument consisted of assessment format of lesson plan, format observation of teaching activities nd learning actvities, student worksheet and test. Data were analyzed using a triangualation method, saturation, and common sense. The result revealed that the mathematical problem solving approach was one of alternatives to improve the communication skills of students in solving mathematical case test. In order to improve students mathematical communication skills, it is advisable to use Polya problem solving approach. Similarly, evaluation test should contain aspects that demonstrate mathematical ideas in the form of images, linking images to the sentences and complete the process of the algorithm.

 

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan rencana pembelajaran dan menggambarkan pelaksanaan dan hasil belajar siswa melalui pendekatan pemecahan masalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi siswa dalam memecahkan masalah uji kasus matematika. Sebuah model penelitian tindakan kelas digunakan dan dilaksanakan pada bulan April 2010 di SDN 1 di Desa Saguling, Kecamatan Baregbeg, Ciamis Regenc, Provinsi Jawa Barat. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan 3 siklus dari 28 siswa kelas IV dan guru bertindak sebagai peneliti studi. Instrumen penelitian terdiri format penilaian RPP, format pengamatan kegiatan mengajar dan kegiatan belajar, lembar kerja siswa dan tes. Data dianalisis menggunakan metode triangualation, saturasi, dan akal sehat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan pemecahan masalah matematika adalah salah satu alternatif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi siswa dalam memecahkan kasus uji matematika. Dalam rangka meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi matematika siswa, disarankan untuk menggunakan pendekatan masalah Polya. Demikian pula , uji evaluasi harus mengandung aspek yang menunjukkan ide-ide matematika dalam bentuk gambar, menghubungkan gambar ke kalimat dan menyelesaikan proses algoritma.