bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Plasma Interleukin-6 Level: A Potential Prognostic Indicator of Emergent HBV-Associated ACLF
Authors: Wu Zhe-Bin , Zheng Yu-Bao , Wang Ke , Mo Zhi-Shuo , Zhen Xu , Yan Ying , Gao Zhi-Liang
Published: November 2021

Objective. To identify markers that predict the progression to hepatitis B virus-associated acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF). Methods. We recruited 125 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) between September 2013 and March 2017. During hospitalization, 25 patients progressed to LF and were classified as the LF group, while the remaining 100 patients were classified as the non-LF (NLF) group. We compared the kinetic changes in clinical and immune indicators including age, total bilirubin level, prothrombin time, model for end-stage liver disease score, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and IL-10 cytokine levels, and number of T helper 17 and regulatory T cells between groups to determine their association with progression to HBV-ACLF. The prognostic value of clinical and immune indicators was determined using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) value. Results. Cox regression analysis suggested that the plasma IL-6 level could predict CHB progression to HBV-ACLF (relative risk = 1.082, 95% confidence interval: 1.006–1.164;

P
=
0.034

). The AUC value, sensitivity, and specificity of baseline IL-6 level for predicting HBV-ACLF were 82.63%, 83.3%, and 82.9%, respectively (

P
=
0.001

). Conclusion. A high plasma IL-6 level in CHB patients could be an early biomarker for HBV-ACLF.
An Intelligent Wireless Charger Based on the Internet of Things
Authors: Zhang Xiaoqiang
Published: November 2021

With the development of the times and the progress of science and technology, people continue to explore new possibilities; the leap from wired to wireless is one of them, breaking the limitations. Similar to wireless mice and wireless microphones, this paper aims to study an Internet of Things-based smart wireless charger that, by using mathematical analysis and wireless charging technology, requires experiments to include wireless charging stations, associated chip areas, and home gateways that are used in combination with them. In the experiment, the control circuit, transmit circuit, and reception circuit of wireless charger are studied, and the wireless charging system is analyzed and calculated in detail, and a wireless charger is designed. Electromagnetic field sensing, radio wave transmission, and resonance methods are applied to achieve the shortest charging time and the best quality in order to prevent the charger from heating and burning during charging. Experimental data show that this Internet of Things-based smart wireless charger can fully replace wired chargers for 99% of small appliances; the charging efficiency of large electrical appliances such as desktop computer is also 1.4 to 1.6 times increased. Experimental data show that this Internet of Things-based smart wireless charger can efficiently and conveniently charge electrical appliances; however it is relatively expensive; the required technology is relatively complex but can make charging more efficient. It can be seen that wireless charging has a major breakthrough in the concept of future charging.
Design of the Wireless Network Hierarchy System of Intelligent City Industrial Data Management Based on SDN Network Architecture
Authors: Tan Wenken , Hu Jianmin
Published: November 2021

With the rapid development of the industrial Internet of Things and the comprehensive popularization of mobile intelligent devices, the construction of smart city and economic development of wireless network demand are increasingly high. SDN has the advantages of control separation, programmable interface, and centralized control logic. Therefore, integrating this technical concept into the smart city data management WLAN network not only can effectively solve the problems existing in the previous wireless network operation but also provide more functions according to different user needs. In this case, the traditional WLAN network is of low cost and is simple to operate, but it cannot guarantee network compatibility and performance. From a practical perspective, further network compatibility and security are a key part of industrial IoT applications. This paper designs the network architecture of smart city industrial IoT based on SDN, summarizes the access control requirements and research status of industrial IoT, and puts forward the access control requirements and objectives of industrial IoT based on SDN. The characteristics of the industrial Internet of Things are regularly associated with data resources. In the framework of SDN industrial Internet of Things, gateway protocol is simplified and topology discovery algorithm is designed. The access control policy is configured on the gateway. The access control rule can be dynamically adjusted in real time. An SDN-based intelligent city industrial Internet of Things access control function test platform was built, and the system was simulated. The proposed method is compared with other methods in terms of extension protocol and channel allocation algorithm. Experimental results verify the feasibility of the proposed scheme. Finally, on the basis of performance analysis, the practical significance of the design of a smart city wireless network hierarchical data management system based on SDN industrial Internet of Things architecture is expounded.
Structure Dynamic Response of Amphibious Aircraft Induced by Water-Taxiing
Authors: Lyu Jihang , Yang Rong , Huang Lingcai
Published: November 2021

The significant dynamic response under the combined impact of aerodynamic and hydrodynamic forces could be likely to appear because of the structural flexibility, when taxiing on the water surface for amphibious aircraft. Meanwhile, the modal characteristics of the structure are also affected by the additional motion of water. These require that the influence of the structural elasticity and the coupling effect between water and structure should be considered in dynamic response analysis of water-taxiing. According to the peculiarities of the amphibious aircraft, structural dynamics model is based on the distribution of stiffness and mass, Virtual Mass Theory is utilized to solve the wet modes on the water surface, rational function approximations of unsteady aerodynamic force in time-domain are constructed by the Minimum-State Approximation Formula, and loose coupling method is employed to simulate the hydrodynamic elastic response under the encounter of amphibian with single wave and repeated waves, respectively. Analysis of dynamic characteristics during the water-taxiing of the amphibious aircraft has been achieved in this work. The results show that wet natural frequencies of the aircraft have different degrees of decline compared with the dry frequencies because of the influence of added water on the hull, and the response amplitude of dynamic loads obtained by using the wet modes have some certain extent decrease compared with the dry modes. The dynamic amplitude of different locations changes in different degree relatives to the center of gravity position, which reflects the influence of structural elasticity. Due to the excitation of single wave and repeated waves, the structural vibration amplitude will increase rapidly, but the amplitude shows a certain divergence trend under the action of repeated waves with a given oscillation frequency, which is more severe for structural strength design.
Effects of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Pain and Sleep in Adults with Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Li Xin , Feng Yuwei , Xia Jianping , Zhou Xuan , Chen Nan , Chen Zhengquan , Fan Qimeng , Wang Hong , Ding Peiyuan , Du Qing
Published: November 2021

The objective of this study was to systematically review the literature on the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) on insomnia and pain in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health, and Web of Science databases were searched. Outcomes, including pain, sleep quality, and adverse events, were investigated. Differences were expressed using mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The statistical analysis was performed using STATA 16.0. Twelve trials with 476 TBI patients were included. The included studies did not indicate a positive effect of CBT on pain. Significant improvements were shown for self-reported sleep quality, reported with the Pittsburgh Self-Reported Sleep Quality Index (MD, -2.30; 95% CI, -3.45 to -1.15;

P
<
0.001

) and Insomnia Severity Index (MD, -5.12; 95% CI, -9.69 to -0.55;

P
=
0.028

). No major adverse events related to CBT were reported. The underpowered evidence suggested that CBT is effective in the management of sleep quality and pain in TBI adults. Future studies with larger samples are recommended to determine significance. This trial is registered with PROSPERO registration number CRD42019147266.
An Experimental Study: Benefits of Digoxin on Hepatotoxicity Induced by Methotrexate Treatment
Authors: Taskin Banu , Erdoğan Mümin Alper , Yiğittürk Gürkan , Alper Sibel , Erbaş Oytun
Published: November 2021

Purpose. The aim of the study is to examine the possible therapeutic effects of a known cardiac glycoside, digoxin, on a rat model of MTX-induced hepatotoxicity. Methods. The study was conducted on twenty-four male rats. While eighteen rats received a single dose of 20 mg/kg MTX to obtain an injured liver model, six rats constituted the control group. Also, the eighteen liver toxicity model created rats were equally divided into two groups, one of which received digoxin 0.1 mg/kg/day digoxin (Group 1) and the other group (Group 2) was given saline (% 0.9NaCl) with a dose of 1 ml/kg/day for ten days. Following the trial, the rats were sacrificed to harvest blood and liver tissue samples to determine blood and tissue MDA, serum ALT, plasma TNF-α, TGF-β, IL-6, IL-1-Beta, and PTX3 levels. Results. MTX’s structural and functional hepatotoxicity was observable and evidenced by relatively worse histopathological scores and increased biochemical marker levels. Digoxin treatment significantly reduced the liver enzyme ALT, plasma TNF-α, TGF-β, PTX3, and MDA levels and decreased histological changes in the liver tissue with MTX-induced hepatotoxicity in the rat model. Conclusion. We suggest that digoxin has an anti-inflammatory and antihepatotoxic effect on the MTX-induced liver injury model.
Higher-Order Riesz Transforms in the Inverse Gaussian Setting and UMD Banach Spaces
Authors: Betancor Jorge J. , Rodríguez-Mesa Lourdes
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we study higher-order Riesz transforms associated with the inverse Gaussian measure given byπn/2ex2dxonℝn. We establishLpℝn,ex2dx-boundedness properties and obtain representations as principal values singular integrals for the higher-order Riesz transforms. New characterizations of the Banach spaces having the UMD property by means of the Riesz transforms and imaginary powers of the operator involved in the inverse Gaussian setting are given.
Crack-Considered Elastic Net Monitoring Model of Concrete Dam Displacement
Authors: Zhang Jingmei , Gu Chongshi
Published: November 2021

Displacement monitoring data modeling is important for evaluating the performance and health conditions of concrete dams. Conventional displacement monitoring models of concrete dams decompose the total displacement into the water pressure component, temperature component, and time-dependent component. And the crack-induced displacement is generally incorporated into the time-dependent component, thus weakening the interpretability of the model. In the practical engineering modeling, some significant explaining variables are selected while the others are eliminated by applying commonly used regression methods which occasionally show instability. This paper proposes a crack-considered elastic net monitoring model of concrete dam displacement to improve the interpretability and stability. In this model, the mathematical expression of the crack-induced displacement component is derived through the analysis of large surface crack’s effect on the concrete dam displacement to improve the interpretability of the model. Moreover, the elastic net method with better stability is used to solve the crack-considered displacement monitoring model. Sequentially, the proposed model is applied to analyze the radial displacement of a gravity arch dam. The results demonstrate that the proposed model contributes to more reasonable explaining variables’ selection and better coefficients’ estimation and also indicate better interpretability and higher predictive precision.
Evaluation of the Effect of Hydroxyzine on Preoperative Anxiety and Anesthetic Adequacy in Children: Double Blind Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Aleo Esther , Picado Amanda López , Abancens Belén Joyanes , Soto Beauregard Carmen , Tur Salamanca Nuria , Esteban Polonios Carmen , Torrejón María José , Perrino Carlos González , Rivas Ana , Arias Eva , Rodríguez Diamelis , Rivas Mª. Ángeles , Rojo Marina Laura Rodríguez , García Patricia Fernández , Alarcón Jaime Rodríguez , San Pedro de Urquiza Borja
Published: November 2021

Surgical procedures can generate significant preoperative anxiety (POA) in as much as 70% of the paediatric population. The role of hydroxyzine and distractive techniques such as clowns in the management of anxiety is controversial. Our main objective was to evaluate the effect of hydroxyzine on the control of POA. The secondary objective was to assess the potential additive effect of hydroxyzine and distracting techniques. We performed a randomized double‐blind, controlled clinical trial in children aged 2–16 years undergoing outpatient surgery (n = 165). Subjects were randomized to hydroxyzine (group 1) or placebo (group 2). For the secondary objective, two further groups were made by allocation by chance to hydroxyzine plus accompaniment with clowns (group 3) and placebo plus clowns (group 4). All patients were accompanied by their parents as the standard procedure. POA was determined by a modified Yale scale of POA (m‐YPAS). Compliance of children during induction of anesthesia (Induction Compliance Checklist (ICC)) was also assessed. No differences (p = 0.788) were found in POA control at the time of induction measured by m‐YPAS (group 1: 39.2 ± 27.9; group 2: 37.0 ± 26.1; group 3: 34.7 ± 25.5; group 4: 32.4 ± 20.5). No differences were found in the level of ICC between the different treatment arms (group 1: 1.8 ± 3.4; group 2: 1.5 ± 3.0; group 3: 1.2 ± 2.4; group 4: 1.5 ± 2.7). The combination of all treatments (group 3) was the only effective strategy to contain the progression of anxiety. In conclusion, hydroxyzine was not effective to control POA in children. The combination of hydroxyzine and clowns avoided the progression of POA in our patients. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03324828 (registered 21 September 2017, subject recruitment started on 12th January 2018).
[Retracted] Schema‐Based Mapping Approach for Data Transformation to Enrich Semantic Web
Authors: Natarajan Senthilselvan , Vairavasundaram Subramaniyaswamy , Teekaraman Yuvaraja , Kuppusamy Ramya , Radhakrishnan Arun
Published: November 2021

Modern web wants the data to be in Resource Description Framework (RDF) format, a machine‐readable form that is easy to share and reuse data without human intervention. However, most of the information is still available in relational form. The existing conventional methods transform the data from RDB to RDF using instance‐level mapping, which has not yielded the expected results because of poor mapping. Hence, in this paper, a novel schema‐based RDB‐RDF mapping method (relational database to Resource Description Framework) is proposed, which is an improvised version for transforming the relational database into the Resource Description Framework. It provides both data materialization and on‐demand mapping. RDB‐RDF reduces the data retrieval time for nonprimary key search by using schema‐level mapping. The resultant mapped RDF graph presents the relational database in a conceptual schema and maintains the instance triples as data graph. This mechanism is known as data materialization, which suits well for the static dataset. To get the data in a dynamic environment, query translation (on‐demand mapping) is best instead of whole data conversion. The proposed approach directly converts the SPARQL query into SQL query using the mapping descriptions available in the proposed system. The mapping description is the key component of this proposed system which is responsible for quick data retrieval and query translation. Join expression introduced in the proposed RDB‐RDF mapping method efficiently handles all complex operations with primary and foreign keys. Experimental evaluation is done on the graphics designer database. It is observed from the result that the proposed schema‐based RDB‐RDF mapping method accomplishes more comprehensible mapping than conventional methods by dissolving structural and operational differences.
Research on Action Recognition Method of Dance Video Image Based on Human-Computer Interaction
Authors: Peng FenTian , Zhang Hongkai
Published: November 2021

Human-computer interaction technology simplifies the complicated procedures, which aims at solving the problems of inadequate description and low recognition rate of dance action, studying the action recognition method of dance video image based on human-computer interaction. This method constructs the recognition process based on human-computer interaction technology, constructs the human skeleton model according to the spatial position of skeleton, motion characteristics of skeleton, and change angles of skeleton, describes the dance posture features by generating skeleton node graph, and extracts the key frames of dance video image by using the clustering algorithm to recognize the dance action. The experimental results show that the recognition rate of this method under different entropy values is not less than 88%. Under the test conditions of complex, dark, bright, and multiuser interference, this method can make the model to describe the dance posture accurately. Furthermore, the average recognition rates are 93.43%, 91.27%, 97.15%, and 89.99%, respectively. It is suitable for action recognition of most dance video images.
Mitochondrial Mechanisms of Apoptosis and Necroptosis in Liver Diseases
Authors: Chu Qingfei , Gu Xinyu , Zheng Qiuxian , Wang Jing , Zhu Haihong
Published: November 2021

In addition to playing a pivotal role in cellular energetics and biosynthesis, mitochondrial components are key operators in the regulation of cell death. In addition to apoptosis, necrosis is a highly relevant form of programmed liver cell death. Differential activation of specific forms of programmed cell death may not only affect the outcome of liver disease but may also provide new opportunities for therapeutic intervention. This review describes the role of mitochondria in cell death and the mechanism that leads to chronic liver hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. We focus on mitochondrial-driven apoptosis and current knowledge of necroptosis and discuss therapeutic strategies for targeting mitochondrial-mediated cell death in liver diseases.
Effects of Hepatitis C Virus Elimination by Direct-Acting Antiviral Agents on the Occurrence of Oral Lichen Planus and Periodontal Pathogen Load: A Preliminary Report
Authors: Nagao Yumiko , Tsuji Masahide
Published: November 2021

Objective. The association between hepatitis C virus (HCV) and oral lichen planus (OLP) is well known, but the association with periodontal disease has been reported less often. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of periodontal bacteria and OLP lesions before and after HCV elimination. Subjects and Methods. The subjects were four OLP patients (mean age 72.5 years) with HCV infection. Six types of periodontal bacteria (Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella intermedia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, and Fusobacterium nucleatum) were quantified in saliva, and changes in OLP were examined before and after elimination of HCV by antiviral therapy. Biochemical blood tests also were performed. Results. The total number of periodontal bacteria, the numbers of P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, T. denticola, and F. nucleatum, and the risk of presenting with the red-complex bacteria (P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, and T.denticola), leading to periodontal disease progression, decreased after HCV elimination. OLP disappeared in three of the four patients and decreased in the other after sustained virological responses (SVRs). Conclusion. HCV elimination not only improved OLP lesions but also reduced the number of periodontal pathogens and the amount of red-complex periodontal pathogens.
Tic Disorder of Children Analyzed and Diagnosed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features under Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Wu Chunxia , Si Qingerile , Su Budegerile , Mu Lan , Bao Gaowa , Ji Musiguleng , Ao Daohu
Published: November 2021

This work aimed to explore the analysis and diagnosis of children with tic disorder by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features under convolutional neural network (CNN), to provide a certain reference basis for clinical identification. A total of 45 children diagnosed with tic disorder in hospital from January 2018 to June 2020 were selected as the research subjects. A total of 30 normal children were selected as the control group. MRI images were collected, and CNN was constructed for image processing. The results showed that the convolutional neural network could significantly improve the speed of MRI reconstruction and can improve the diagnostic accuracy. Compared with normal children, the metabolites in children with tic disorder were slightly increased, but there was no statistical significance

P
>
0.05

. The results of the Yale score showed that the proportion of children with moderate illness was significantly greater than that of children with mild and severe illness. In short, the pathological changes of tic disorder were effectively discovered by MRI based on CNN algorithms, which can provide a reference for clinical identification.
The Protein Kinase Activity of NME7 Activates Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling to Promote One-Carbon Metabolism in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Ren Xinxin , Rong Zhuoxian , Liu Xiaoyu , Gao Jie , Xu Xu , Zi Yuyuan , Mu Yun , Guan Yidi , Cao Zhen , Zhang Yuefang , Zeng Zimei , Fan Qi , Wang Xitao , Pei Qian , Wang Xiang , Xin Haiguang , Li Zhi , Nie Yingjie , Qiu Zilong , Li Nan , Sun Lunquan , Deng Yuezhen
Published: November 2021

Metabolic reprogramming by oncogenic signaling is a hallmark of cancer. Hyperactivation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling has been reported in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the mechanisms inducing hyperactivation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and strategies for targeting this pathway are incompletely understood. In this study, we find nucleoside diphosphate kinase 7 (NME7) to be a positive regulator of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Upregulation of NME7 positively correlated with the clinical features of HCC. Knockdown of NME7 inhibited HCC growth in vitro and in vivo, whereas overexpression of NME7 cooperated with c-Myc to drive tumorigenesis in a mouse model and to promote the growth of tumor-derived organoids. Mechanistically, NME7 bound and phosphorylated serine 9 of GSK3β to promote β-catenin activation. Furthermore, MTHFD2, the key enzyme in one-carbon metabolism, was a target gene of β-catenin and mediated the effects of NME7. Tumor-derived organoids with NME7 overexpression exhibited increased sensitivity to MTHFD2 inhibition. In addition, expression levels of NME7, β-catenin, and MTHFD2 correlated with each other and with poor prognosis in patients with HCC. Collectively, this study emphasizes the crucial roles of NME7 protein kinase activity in promoting Wnt/β-catenin signaling and one-carbon metabolism, suggesting NME7 and MTHFD2 as potential therapeutic targets for HCC.

Significance:

The identification of NME7 as an activator of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and MTHFD2 expression in HCC reveals a mechanism regulating one-carbon metabolism and potential therapeutic strategies for treating this disease.
Teatro para salvar el mundo
Authors: Spooner Claire
Published: November 2021

¿Puede el teatro salvar el mundo? ¿Logrará abrir una grieta en el orden preestablecido? ¿Cómo dibujar la cartografía silenciosa de los vencidos de la Historia? Frente a un orden inmóvil e inamovible, frente a una cartografía trazada con mano pétrea, unívoca, la obra de Juan Mayorga se inscribe en la falla, en la variante, en el foco alejado de la elipse para proponer una cartografía de la resistencia y de la imaginación, para cuestionar aquello que a diario se impone con una única significación. Memoria, ausencia, silencio, y unas pocas palabras verdaderas son los instrumentos para construir esta cartografía de la levedad. Si la estética de Mayorga es inmediatamente ética, es porque lo que se representa es inseparable de cómo se representa. La perspectiva alterada de una tortuga, o de una niña del gueto de Varsovia solamente se puede plasmar en una estética del fragmento, la única capaz de alterar el mapa de lo visible. El teatro es esa forma de resistencia, ese templo de la intimidad de lo singular hacia lo universal, palabra y cuerpo y su temblor en el espectador, espacio de imaginación que nos recuerda que no nos hundiremos por separado. Nos salvaremos juntos.
Dramaturgias del conflicto armado en el teatro colombiano contemporáneo
Authors: Sánchez Darío Gómez
Published: November 2021

En el presente artículo buscamos destacar algunas obras del teatro colombiano de las últimas décadas con el objetivo de enunciar algunas características de las dramaturgias contemporáneas del conflicto armado, entre ellas la fusión de elementos realistas y testimoniales con propuestas simbólicas o experimentales, la elaboración metafórica de los hechos, la recurrencia de algunos temas y personajes como mujeres, desplazados o masacres, y la contribución de tales dramaturgias a la memoria social del conflicto.
La música en éxtasis en el teatro de Carles Santos
Authors: Rekawek Jolanta
Published: November 2021

Este artículo se propone dar a conocer la obra teatral de Carles Santos –músico español, oriundo de la Comunidad Valenciana, que se convirtió en una referencia de la cultura universal y que a pesar de ello cuenta con escasa bibliografía académica que trate de su legado. El objetivo de este trabajo es destacar la importancia del arte de Santos para la sociedad tardo-moderna, analizada por el filósofo Byung-Chul Han que la define como una sociedad de rendimiento y en la que observa la hipertrofia de la positividad en detrimento de la negatividad y del asombro que son premisas fundamentales para tener experiencias. En el contexto de la sociedad del rendimiento, que nos priva de experiencias, abordamos la propuesta artística de Santos que consiste en crear el teatro a partir de la música dando origen a una forma híbrida que acabó consagrándole como un creador teatral que proporcionaba al público la oportunidad de cultivar la capacidad de asombrarse y así poder tener experiencias a través del teatro.
Las formas de lo nuevo: revistas literarias digitales en Cuba y el caso de 33 y 1/3
Authors: Maccioni Laura
Published: November 2021

A comienzos del siglo XXI y en un contexto de profundas transformaciones económicas, políticas y culturales una serie de revistas literarias que no contaban con la autorización oficial circularon en Cuba a través de medios de reproducción digital. El artículo analiza el caso de la revista 33 y 1/3, proyecto editorial que buscó sustraer la literatura de su tradicional función cívico pedagógica, apelando para ello al lenguaje de los medios y la cultura de masas, tendiendo un puente hacia la literatura pop contemporánea y explorando el lugar del lector y del mercado en los procesos de legitimación literaria.
Nonconvex Sparse Regularization for Deep Neural Networks and Its Optimality
Authors: Ohn Ilsang , Kim Yongdai
Published: November 2021

Recent theoretical studies proved that deep neural network (DNN) estimators obtained by minimizing empirical risk with a certain sparsity constraint can attain optimal convergence rates for regression and classification problems. However, the sparsity constraint requires knowing certain properties of the true model, which are not available in practice. Moreover, computation is difficult due to the discrete nature of the sparsity constraint. In this letter, we propose a novel penalized estimation method for sparse DNNs that resolves the problems existing in the sparsity constraint. We establish an oracle inequality for the excess risk of the proposed sparse-penalized DNN estimator and derive convergence rates for several learning tasks. In particular, we prove that the sparse-penalized estimator can adaptively attain minimax convergence rates for various nonparametric regression problems. For computation, we develop an efficient gradient-based optimization algorithm that guarantees the monotonic reduction of the objective function.
Predictive Coding, Variational Autoencoders, and Biological Connections
Authors: Marino Joseph
Published: November 2021

We present a review of predictive coding, from theoretical neuroscience, and variational autoencoders, from machine learning, identifying the common origin and mathematical framework underlying both areas. As each area is prominent within its respective field, more firmly connecting these areas could prove useful in the dialogue between neuroscience and machine learning. After reviewing each area, we discuss two possible correspondences implied by this perspective: cortical pyramidal dendrites as analogous to (nonlinear) deep networks and lateral inhibition as analogous to normalizing flows. These connections may provide new directions for further investigations in each field.
Dichoropetalum viarium (Apiaceae), a new species from Lorestan Province, Western Iran
Authors: LYSKOV DMITRY , ZARRE SHAHIN , SAMIGULLIN TAHIR , KLJUYKOV EUGENE
Published: November 2021

A new species, Dichoropetalum viarium (Apiaceae), is described from the Lorestan Province, Western Iran. The new species differs from D. paucijugum, D. aromaticum, and D. chryseum in the height, shape, diameter, and branching of the stem, shape of the terminal leaf lobes, shape of the bracteoles, shape and size of the mericarps, and shape of the stylopodium. In addition, D. viarium is recognized as a separate species by molecular analysis of nrITS.
Bioactive Compounds, High Performance Liquid Chromatography Screening of Phenolic Compounds, and Antioxidant Potential Activity of Saffron (Crocus sativus L.)
Authors: Saeed Alkaltham Mohammed , Hayat Khizar , Asif Ahmed Mohammed , Mohammad Salamatullah Ahmad , Sami Rokayya , Khojah Ebtihal , Al-Mushhin Amina A. M.
Published: November 2021

Saffron (Crocus sativus L) has been widely used for many therapeutic purposes such as a pain reliever, inflammation cure due to the highly bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activities. The effect of boiling time (5, 10, and 15 min) was investigated on the bioactive compounds
of saffron samples from different origins (Spain, Saudi Arabia, and Afghanistan). Depending on the origin of the saffron sample, the extraction time showed a different effect on their total polyphenol content (TPC). The highest TPC was noted in saffron from Spain boiled for 10 min (45.01 mg
GAE/g DW), followed by the sample from Saudi Arabia (44.03 mg GAE/g DW) and Afghanistan (43.54 mg GAE/g DW) boiled for 15 min, respectively. The Spanish saffron extracted for 10 min significantly (p < 0.05) exhibited the highest total flavonoid content (TFC) (12.26 mg CE/g DW), while the
Saudi saffron extracted for 5 min (6.06 mg CE/g DW) showed the lowest range among all the samples. There were no significant differences among the reducing power of Saudi Arabian saffron extracted for 10 min, and Spanish saffron extracted for 5 and 15 min, respectively. The reducing power
of saffron samples echoed the results of the TPC and TFC. 1,2-DHB (dihydroxy benzene), chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid are increased upon the increase of boiling time in Saudi Arabian saffron samples. In a word, 10 min and 15 min boiling times achieved the best extraction for Spanish saffron
followed by Saudi and Afghani saffron samples, respectively.
Three-Dimensional Rotating Flow of an Oldroyd-B Nanofluid with Relaxation-Retardation Viscous Dissipation
Authors: Nayak Manoj K. , Oyelakin Ibukun S. , Chamkha Ali J. , Mondal Sabyasachi , Sibanda Precious
Published: November 2021

The principal aim of this study is to explore the impact of relaxation-retardation viscous dissipation, nonlinear convection, variable chemical reaction, and nonlinear thermal radiation on the three-dimensional rotating flow of an Oldroyd-B nanofluid over an exponentially extended surface.
The Buongiorno model that takes into account the Brownian movement and thermophoresis responsible for nanoparticle motion. Exponentially varying temperature and concentration associated with convective heat transfer coefficients are assumed in the boundary conditions. The system of dimensionless
ODEs is solved by the spectral quasi-linearization method. The results of the analysis show, among other results that the relaxation time parameter opposes the momentum transport while assisting heat transportation. The retardation time parameter acts to support momentum growth while reducing
and resists heat transport. The present study focused on the investigation the effect of relaxation and retardation viscous dissipation on rotating flow of a non-Newtonian fluid (Oldroyd B fluid) past an exponential stretching sheet.
Second Law Analysis for Radiative Magnetohydrodynamics Slip Flow for Two Different Non-Newtonian Fluid with Heat Source
Authors: Olkha Amala , Dadheech Amit
Published: November 2021

The present article embraces an entropy analysis on Newtonian and Non-Newtonian fluid due to melting stretching surface in the presence of inclined MHD, non-liner chemical reaction implanted in porous medium with heat source and non-uniform radiations. Also second law analysis and three
different fluids namely Casson, Williamson and Viscous fluids has been taken into an account. This work is not priorly performed including the concept of Entropy generation of above mentioned three fluids. Utilizing the exercise of MATLAB tool along with algorithm of Runge-kutta technique
the arithmetic manipulations for the thermotic equations, mass concentration and momentum equations are executed. Influence of numerous pertinent parameters are investigated on the flow, heat and mass transfer concepts and are demonstrated graphically. The analysis discovered that Entropy
generation is improved for Magnetic field parameter M, porosity parameter Kρ as well as on the inclined magnetic field angle α but the contrary effects are observed on the amount of slip parameter.
Internal Bore Evolution across the Shelf near Pt. Sal, California, Interpreted as a Gravity Current
Authors: Spydell M. S. , Suanda S. H. , Grimes D. J. , Becherer J. , Mcsweeney J. M. , Chickadel C. , Moulton M. , Thomson J. , Lerczak J. , Barth J. , Macmahan J. , Colosi J. , Romeiser R. , Waterhouse A. F. , Calantoni J. , Feddersen Falk
Published: November 2021

Off the central California coast near Pt. Sal, a large-amplitude internal bore was observed for 20 h over 10 km cross shore, or 100–10-m water depth (D), and 30 km along coast by remote sensing, 39 in situ moorings, ship surveys, and drifters. The bore is associated with steep isotherm displacements representing a significant fraction of D. Observations were used to estimate bore arrival time tB, thickness h, and bore and nonbore (ambient) temperature difference ΔT, leading to reduced gravity g′. Bore speeds c, estimated from mapped tB, varied from 0.25 to 0.1 m s−1 from D = 50 to 10 m. The h varied from 5 to 35 m, generally decreased with D, and varied regionally along isobath. The bore ΔT varied from 0.75° to 2.15°C. Bore evolution was interpreted from the perspective of a two-layer gravity current. Gravity current speeds U, estimated from the local bore h and g′, compared well to observed bore speeds throughout its cross-shore propagation. Linear internal wave speeds based on various stratification estimates result in larger errors. On average bore thickness h = D/2, with regional variation, suggesting energy saturation. From 50- to 10-m depths, observed bore speeds compared well to saturated gravity current speeds and energetics that depend only on water depth and shelf-wide mean g′. This suggests that this internal bore is the internal wave analog to a saturated surfzone surface gravity bore. Along-coast variations in prebore stratification explain variations in bore properties. Near Pt. Sal, bore Doppler shifting by barotropic currents is observed.
Hospital Volume of Emergency General Surgery and its Impact on Inpatient Mortality for Geriatric Patients: Analysis From 3994 Hospitals
Authors: Ang Darwin , Sugimoto Jonathan , Richards Winston , Liu Huazhi , Kinslow Kyle , McKenney Mark , Ziglar Michele , Elkbuli Adel
Published: November 2021

Background

Previous investigations have shown a positive association between hospital volume of operations and clinical outcomes. However, it is unclear whether such relationships also apply to emergency surgery. We sought to examine the association between hospital case volume and inpatient mortality for 7 common emergency general surgery (EGS) operations among geriatric patients.

Methods

This is a population based retrospective cohort study using the Centers of Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) Limited Dataset Files (LDS) from 2011 to 2013. The 7 most common emergency surgeries included (1) partial colectomy, (2) small-bowel resection (SBR), (3) cholecystectomy, (4) appendectomy, (5) lysis of adhesions (LOA), (6) operative management of peptic ulcer disease (PUD), and (7) laparotomy with the primary outcome being inpatient mortality. Risk-adjusted inpatient mortality was plotted against operative volume. Subsequently an operative volume threshold was calculated using a best fit regression method. Based on these estimates, high- and low-volume hospitals were compared to examine significance of outcomes. Significance was defined as P-value < .05.

Results

The final cohort comprised of 414 779 patients from 3994 hospitals. The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) for high-volume centers were lower in 6 out of 8 surgeries examined. Small-bowel resection and partial colectomy operations had a significant decrease in mortality based on a volume threshold.

Conclusion

We observed decreased mortality with higher surgical volume for small-bowel resection and partial colectomy operations. Such differences may be related to practice patterns during the perioperative period, as complications related to the perioperative care were significantly lower for high-volume centers.
Resection Status Does Not Impact Recurrence in Well-Differentiated Liposarcoma of the Extremity
Authors: Olson Chelsea R. , Suarez-Kelly Lorena P. , Ethun Cecilia G. , Shelby Rita D. , Yu Peter Y. , Hughes Tasha M. , Palettas Marilly , Tran Thuy B. , Poultsides George , Tseng Jennifer , Roggin Kevin K. , Chouliaras Konstantinos , Votanopoulos Konstantinos , Krasnick Bradley A. , Fields Ryan C. , King David M. , Bedi Meena , Pollock Raphael E. , Grignol Valerie P. , Cardona Kenneth , Howard J. Harrison
Published: November 2021

Background

Well-differentiated liposarcoma (WDLPS) is a low-grade soft tissue sarcoma with a propensity for local recurrence. The necessity of obtaining microscopically free surgical margins (R0) to minimize local recurrence is not clear. This study evaluates recurrence-free survival (RFS) of extremity WDLPS in relation to resection margin status.

Methods

A retrospective review of adult patients with primary extremity WDLPS at seven US institutions from 2000 to 2016 was performed. Patients with recurrent tumors or incomplete resection (R2) were excluded. Clinicopathologic factors were analyzed to assess impact on local RFS.

Results

97 patients with primary extremity WDLPS were identified. The majority of patients had deep, lower extremity tumors. Mean tumor size was 18.2±8.9cm. Patients were treated with either radical (76.3%) or excisional (23.7%) resections; 64% had R0 and 36% had microscopically positive (R1) resection margins. Ten patients received radiation therapy with no difference in receipt of radiation between R0 vs R1 groups. Thirteen patients (13%) developed a local recurrence with no difference in RFS between R0 vs R1 resection. Five-year RFS was 59.5% for R0 vs 85.2% for R1. Only one patient died of disease after developing dedifferentiation and distant metastasis despite originally having an R0 resection.

Discussion

In this large multi-institutional study of surgical resection of extremity WDLPS, microscopically positive margins were not associated with an increased risk of recurrence. Positive microscopic margin resection for extremity WDLPS may yield similar rates of local control while avoiding a radical approach to obtain microscopically negative margins.
Understanding Preventable Deaths in the Geriatric Trauma Population: Analysis of 3,452,339 Patients From the Center of Medicare and Medicaid Services Database
Authors: Ang Darwin , Nieto Kenny , Sutherland Mason , O’Brien Megan , Liu Huazhi , Elkbuli Adel
Published: November 2021

Background

Patient safety indicators (PSIs) are avoidable complications that can impact outcomes. Geriatric patients have a higher mortality than younger patients with similar injuries, and understanding the etiology may help reduce mortality. We aim to estimate preventable geriatric trauma mortality in the United States and identify PSIs associated with increased preventable mortality.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study of patients aged ≥65 years, in the CMS database, 2017-second quarter of 2020. Risk-adjusted multivariable regression was performed to calculate observed-to-expected (O/E) mortality ratios for failure-to-prevent and failure-to-rescue PSIs with significance defined as P < .05.

Results

3 452 339 geriatric patients were analyzed. Patients aged 75-84 years had 33% higher odds of preventable mortality (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.33 and 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.31, 1.36), whereas patients aged ≥85 years had 91% higher odds of preventable mortality (aOR = 1.91 and 95% CI = 1.87, 1.94) compared to patients aged 65-74 years. Failure-to-prevent O/E were >1 for all PSIs evaluated with central line–related blood stream infection having a high O/E (747.93). Failure-to-rescue O/E were >1 for 10/11 (91%) PSIs with physiologic and metabolic derangements having the highest O/E (5.98). United States’ states with higher quantities of geriatric trauma patients experienced reduced preventable mortality.

Conclusion

Odds of preventable mortality increases with age. Perioperative venous thrombotic events, hemorrhage or hematoma, and postoperative physiologic/metabolic derangements produce significant preventable mortalities. United States’ states differ in their failure-to-prevent and failure-to-rescue PSIs. Utilization of national guidelines, minimization of central venous catheter use, addressing polypharmacy especially anticoagulation, ensuring operative and procedure-based competencies, and greater incorporation of inpatient geriatricians may serve to reduce preventable mortality in elderly trauma patients.
Sexual growth mindsets and rejection sensitivity in sexual satisfaction
Authors: Cultice Rachel A. , Sanchez Diana T. , Albuja Analia F.
Published: November 2021

Research suggests that having a sexual growth mindset (SGM), or believing that a person can become a better sexual partner over time, may improve sexual relationships. The present research investigated the impact of SGMs on a new sexual outcome: sexual rejection sensitivity. In Study 1, adults in romantic relationships completed measures of SGM and sexual rejection sensitivity from their own and from their partner’s perspective ( N = 377; 49.9% women; M age = 29.1 years, SD age = 12.2 years). Findings show that perceived partner, but not own, SGM is associated with lower sexual rejection sensitivity, and sexual rejection sensitivity mediated the link between perceived partner SGM and own sexual satisfaction. In Study 2, we replaced perceived partner SGM with actual partner SGM by recruiting both members of 104 different-sex romantic couples ( M age = 43.9 years, SD age = 14.5 years). Study 2 finds that partner, but not own, SGM was negatively associated with sexual rejection sensitivity. Further, sexual rejection sensitivity was negatively associated with sexual satisfaction in Study 1 and for women in Study 2. This work demonstrates the importance of sexual partners’ implicit beliefs about sexuality (perceived or reported) in understanding sexual outcomes.
Silica derived from variety of sources and its functionalized forms as an antiblock additive in polypropylene
Authors: Malik Omair , Joshi Tina , Goel Vishal , Kapur Gurpreet Singh , Nebhani Leena
Published: November 2021

Silica derived from a variety of sources and its functionalized form has been studied as an antiblock additive in polypropylene (PP). Commonly, inorganic antiblock additives are added to PP films to reduce the blocking and facilitate the separation of polymeric films. However, such types of additives can cause a reduction of clarity in transparent films. In the present work, a comparative analysis of silica obtained from various sources specifically from rice husk ash and its further functionalization/modifications using n-octyltriethoxysilane has been performed. Since silica synthesized via rice husk ash was obtained from waste (rice husk ash), this further solves the problem of ash disposal. The functionalized forms of various silica have been characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The morphological analysis was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The melt flow index (MFI), yellowness index, and other mechanical characterizations including tensile and impact strength were performed for 30–40 μm thick tubular quenched polypropylene (TQPP) films. These films were evaluated to have high transmittance (above 93%), high clarity (above 98%), and very low haze (less than 2%) indicating high transparency and improved optical properties. The blocking force and optical properties are quite similar for TQPP film containing silica synthesized from rice husk ash and commercially grade silica and hence proving silica synthesized from rice husk ash to be an effective substitute for commercial silica in TQPP films.
The Quiet Lake and the Hidden Spring: Locating the Ground in Kierkegaard's Works of Love
Authors: Marcar G. P.
Published: November 2021

At the end of the prayer with which he begins Works of Love (1847), Søren Kierkegaard notes that while ‘works of love’ might normally be viewed as a subset of worthwhile human endeavours or ‘works’, from heaven's perspective no work can be pleasing unless it is a work of love. From this arises the question—which Kierkegaard himself moves swiftly to address—of what distinguishes a work of ‘love’ from other, non-loving works? In this article, and with particular reference to Jacob Boehme (1575–1624), I highlight how Kierkegaard's answer to this question draws upon the theological tradition that Bernard McGinn has called ‘the mysticism of the ground’.