bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Propofol Pretreatment Prevents Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/Reoxygenation (OGD/R)-induced Inflammation Through Nuclear Transcription Factor κB (NF-κB) Pathway in Neuroblastoma Cells
Authors: Hu Fang , Jiang Jianhua , Yu Guocan , Zang Hongcheng , Sun Haoliang
Published: December 2019

Background:

Inflammation is one of the causes of neuroblastoma progression. Propofol
attenuates inflammation by repressing nuclear transcription factor κB (NF-κB) in different diseases.
But its effect on oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)-induced inflammation
is not known.

Objective:

This study investigated the role and mechanism of action of propofol on OGD/Rinduced
inflammation in mouse N2A neuroblastoma cells.

Methods:

MTT was performed on mouse neuroblastoma cells N2A to assess and select the maximum
safe dose of propofol. Next, N2A cells were pretreated with propofol and then, exposed to
the OGD condition for 3 h and reoxygenated for 6 h. The content of the inflammatory factors,
interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), in the medium was measured
by ELISA, while their protein expression was detected by western blot and immunofluorescence.
The protein expression of P65, p-P65, IKBα and p-IKBα belonging to the NF-κB pathway was
also determined by western blot in N2A cells. To further confirm the mechanism of propofol on
OGD/R-induced inflammation in mouse N2A cells, P65 was over-expressed and the above experiments
were repeated.

Results:

Propofol did not affect cell viability of N2A cells even at the maximum concentration
used (30 µM), thus, 30 µM of propofol was selected to perform our experiments. Besides, OGD/R
induced inflammation and activation of NF-κB pathway with increased p-P65 and p-IKBα expression,
and propofol pretreatment inhibited OGD/R induced inflammation and activation of NF-κB
pathway in N2A cells. Over-expression of P56 abolished the effects of propofol on OGD/Rinduced
inflammation and activation of NF-κB pathway in N2A cells.

Conclusion:

Our work demonstrated for the first time that propofol pretreatment ameliorated
OGD/R induced inflammation via NF-κB pathway modulation in mouse neuroblastoma N2A cells,
indicating that propofol might be considered as a potential therapeutic approach to reduce inflammation
in neuroblastoma.
Integrated Protocol to Design Potential Inhibitors of Dipeptidyl Peptidase- 4 (DPP-4)
Authors: Pantaleão Simone Queiroz , Philot Eric Allison , de Oliveira Almeida Michell , Lima Angelica Nakagawa , de Sairre Mirela Inês , Scott Ana Ligia , Honorio Kathia Maria
Published: December 2019

Background:

A strategy for the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus is the inhibition of the
enzyme known as dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4).

Aims:

This study aims to investigate the main interactions between DPP-4 and a set of inhibitors, as
well as proposing potential candidates to inhibit this enzyme.

Method:

We performed molecular docking studies followed by the construction and validation of
CoMFA and CoMSIA models. The information provided from these models was used to aid in the
search for new candidates to inhibit DPP-4 and the design of new bioactive ligands from structural
modifications in the most active molecule of the studied series.

Result:

We were able to propose a set of analogues with biological activity predicted by the CoMFA
and CoMSIA models, suggesting that our protocol can be used to guide the design of new DPP-4 inhibitors
as drug candidates to treat diabetes.

Conclusion:

Once the integration of the techniques mentioned in this article was effective, our strategy
can be applied to design possible new DPP-4 inhibitors as candidates to treat diabetes.
Synthesis of New Piperazine Substituted Chalcone Sulphonamides as Antibacterial Agents
Authors: Tang Yan-Ling , Li Yong-Kun , Li Min-Xin , Gao Hui , Yang Xiao-Bi , Mao Ze-Wei
Published: December 2019

Background:

Infection is a global threat to human health, and there is an urgent need to develop
new effective antibacterial drugs to treat bacterial infections.

Objective:

To study the antibacterial activity of piperazine substituted chalcone sulphonamides.

Materials and Methods:

A series of novel piperazine substituted chalcone sulphonamides have been prepared,
and in vitro antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli strains
were evaluated.

Results:

The results showed that derivatives 6a, 6c and 6h displayed good antibacterial activity against
Bacillus subtilis with MIC values of 4.0-8.0 mg/mL.

Conclusion:

Piperazine substituted chalcone sulphonamides may be used as potential antibacterial agents.
Food Services Menu Engineering: Preference, Acceptability, and Popularity Index of Local Food Package Menus to Control the Glycemic Responses of T2DM Subjects
Authors: Hakimah Nurul , Rahman Nur , Sucipto Sucipto , Wignyanto Wignyanto , Aulanni'am Aulanni'am
Published: December 2019

Background:

The purpose of this study was to analyze the menu engineering data:
preferences, acceptances, and popularity indexes of local food package menus with low to moderate
glycemic index and how these variables affect the glycemic response of subjects with type 2 diabetes
mellitus (T2DM).

Methods:

This study was a one group pre and post-test experimental study with 21 T2DM
participants. A total of 1,764 menu engineering data were obtained during the two-week study
period. Fifteen food service survey questions were distributed and anthropometric and glycemic
responses were measured.

Results:

The popularity indexes of the main and snack package menus were significantly different
(p=0,000). There was a significant decrease (p<0.05) in Δ RBG levels by 59.6±115.8 mg/ dL
(26.7%) and Δ % albumin glycated by 1.5±1.0 (6.1%) (p = 0.000) on 38% subjects with good
glycemic control who consumed less food outside the study (12.5%). Price, type of food, type of
foodstuff, nutrient content, portion size, food appearance, food texture, GI values, food menu name,
and menu conformity to the environment were important considerations in the menu preference and
popularity.

Conclusion:

This study showed that the local food package menu can control the glycemic response
of T2DM participants while having a high popularity index. This finding provides an opportunity for
the foodservice industry to operate sustainably by considering the factors desired by consumers with
T2DM in controlling their long-term glycemic response.
Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Expression Levels in Macrophages; An Approach to Develop Indazolpyridin-methanones as Novel Inflammation Medication
Authors: Alagumuthu Manikandan , Srivastava Vanshika , Shah Manisha , Arumugam Sivakumar , Sonaimuthu Mohandoss , Arumugam Napoleon Ayyakannu
Published: December 2019

Background:

Macrophages play a serious part in the instigation, upkeep, and
resolution of inflammation. They are activated or deactivated during inflammation progression.
Activation signals include cytokines (IF-γ, granulocyte-monocyte colonystimulating
factor (GM-CSF), and TNF-α), extracellular matrix proteins, and other chemical
mediators. Activated macrophages are deactivated by anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-
10 and TGF-β (transforming growth factor-beta) and cytokine antagonists that are mainly
produced by macrophages. Based on this, the present study aimed to develop novel (E)-
Benzylidene-indazolpyridin methanones (Cpd-1-10) as effective anti-inflammatory agents
by analyzing pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels in macrophages.

Objectives:

To determine the anti-inflammatory effect of indazolpyridin-methanones by
examining pro- and anti-inflammatory interleukin levels in J77A.1 macrophages.

Methods:

Expression of cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 serum levels
measured by ELISA method. Anti-cancer and cytotoxicity studies were carried out by
MTT assay. COX-2 seems to be associated with cancers and atypical developments in the
duodenal tract. So, a competitive ELISA based COX-2 inhibition assay was done. To validate
the inhibitory potentials and to get more insight into the interaction of COX-2 with
Cpd1-10, molecular docking was performed.

Results:

Briefly, the COX-2 inhibitory relative activity was found to be in between the
range of 80-92% (Diclofenac showed 84%, IC50 0.95 μM).

Conclusion:

Cytotoxicity effect of the compounds against breast cancer cell lines found
excellent and an extended anticancer study ensured that these compounds are also alternative
therapeutic agents against breast cancer. Among all the tested cancer cell lines, the anti-
cancer effect on breast cancer was exceptional for the most active compounds Cpd5 and
Cpd9.
Role of Subclinical Iatrogenic Hyperthyroidism in the Setting of Heart Disease and Arrhythmic Burden
Authors: Mastroianno Sandra , Di Stolfo Giuseppe , Maggio Angela , Pacilli Michele , Potenza Domenico Rosario , Massaro Raimondo , De Luca Giovanni , Russo Aldo
Published: December 2019

Background:

Subclinical hyperthyroidism is defined by a subnormal serum thyroidstimulating
hormone (TSH) level with normal free thyroxine (FT4) and free triiodothyronine (FT3)
levels. Its prevalence varies from 0.6% to 16% in the elderly and can increase to 20% in patients receiving
thyroid hormone replacement therapy. Thyroid disease and/or replacement therapy are frequently
associated with cardiovascular involvement.

Cases Presentation:

We report three clinical cases of patients with initial subclinical hyperthyroidism
and cardiological manifestations, including supraventricular and ventricular extrasystoles, prolapse of
the mitral valve with severe regurgitation, higher mean heart rate and deterioration of the arrhythmias
on arrhythmogenic dysplasia substrate.

Conclusion:

We discuss the role of appropriate and early correction of thyroid dysfunction in improving
cardiological manifestations.
Performance Analysis of Cluster-Based DDoS Defense System with Different Reactive Routing Protocols
Authors: Nehra Deepa , Dhindsa Kanwalvir Singh , Bhushan Bharat
Published: December 2019

Background & Objective:

DDoS attack poses a huge threat to communication and security of mobile nodes in MANETs. The number of approaches proposed to defense against DDoS attacks in MANETs is much less as compared to those for the wire-based networks. The aim of this paper is to test the effectiveness of proposed cluster based DDoS attacks mechanism with various reactive routing protocols.

Method:

The scheme proposed here is clustering based DDoS defense mechanism, in which the Accepted: cluster heads monitors the incoming traffic to identify the presence of suspicious behaviour. After the successful identification of suspicious behavior, the flow responsible behind it will be identified and confirmed whether it is related to DDoS attack or not. Once DDoS attack is confirmed, all the packet related to it will be discarded.

Results & Discussions:

OMNeT++ along with the INET framework is used to evaluate the effectiveness
of the proposed defense scheme with different routing protocols. In attack situations,
DYMO exhibited higher throughput and able to deliver approximately 95% legitimate packets.
DYMO, in comparison to AODV and DSR, managed to control end-to-end delay at its best levels
(i.e. 0.40 to 0.70 seconds). In terms of packet delivery ratio, AODV and DYMO both perform better
than DSR and able to maintain PDR at their highest levels (i.e. 0.90 to 0.94).

Conclusion:

The attack detection mechanism proposed here performs various tasks like monitoring, characterization, and identification of attack traffic from the incoming flow with the help neighbouring cluster heads. The flow identified as attack is discarded and attack related information would be shared with neighbouring cluster heads to achieve distributed defense. The performance of proposed defense system is assessed with different reactive routing protocols and identified that DYMO protocols performs better than AODV and DSR.
Synthesis of Pt-MWCNT Nano Composite in Trioctylmethyl Ammonium Hydrogen Phthalate (TOMAHP) Ionic Liquid Using Ultrasonic Cavitation
Authors: Biswas Sujoy , Dasgupta Kinshuk , Sahu M.L. , Srivastave Amit
Published: December 2019

Background:

Synthesis of nano composite materials is very important topic in recent times for its wide application as a catalyst in various chemical processes. Among various nano composite platinum-mutliwall Carbone Nano Tubes is of particular interest in recent past due to its unique application in methanol fuel cell as a catalyst. Now the challenge is to make a chemical process for definite size and shape selective platinum-mutliwall Carbone Nano Tubes catalyst/composite with well distribution and easy scale up.

Methods:

The aim of the present work is to develop a chemical process for synthesis of platinum- Mutliwall Carbone Nano Tubes nano catalyst/composite with very low size (1-3nm) using reduction of Pt4+and subsequently deposition to the Mutliwall Carbone Nano Tubes surface using ultrasound technique.

Results:

The platinum nano materials synthesized in trioctylmethyl ammonium hydrogen phthalate is characterized using TEM technique. The results show that the particle size of platinum nano are in the range of 1-3 nm. The platinum-mutliwall Carbone Nano Tubes catalyst/composite prepared using ultrasound technique does not change the particle size of the platinum nano particles. The distribution of platinum nano on Functionalized Mutliwall Carbone Nano Tubes surface is uniform compared to Non-functionalized Mutliwall Carbone Nano Tubes.

Conclusion:

The preparation of platinum-mutliwall Carbone Nano Tubes nano composite with very low size of platinum (1-3nm) is achieved in trioctylmethyl ammonium hydrogen phthalate as functionalized ionic liquid in presence of ultrasound.
Analyzing Medical Research Results Based on Synthetic Data and Their Relation to Real Data Results: Systematic Comparison From Five Observational Studies
Authors: Reiner Benaim Anat , Almog Ronit , Gorelik Yuri , Hochberg Irit , Nassar Laila , Mashiach Tanya , Khamaisi Mogher , Lurie Yael , Azzam Zaher S , Khoury Johad , Kurnik Daniel , Beyar Rafael
Published: December 2019

Background

Privacy restrictions limit access to protected patient-derived health information for research purposes. Consequently, data anonymization is required to allow researchers data access for initial analysis before granting institutional review board approval. A system installed and activated at our institution enables synthetic data generation that mimics data from real electronic medical records, wherein only fictitious patients are listed.

Objective

This paper aimed to validate the results obtained when analyzing synthetic structured data for medical research. A comprehensive validation process concerning meaningful clinical questions and various types of data was conducted to assess the accuracy and precision of statistical estimates derived from synthetic patient data.

Methods

A cross-hospital project was conducted to validate results obtained from synthetic data produced for five contemporary studies on various topics. For each study, results derived from synthetic data were compared with those based on real data. In addition, repeatedly generated synthetic datasets were used to estimate the bias and stability of results obtained from synthetic data.

Results

This study demonstrated that results derived from synthetic data were predictive of results from real data. When the number of patients was large relative to the number of variables used, highly accurate and strongly consistent results were observed between synthetic and real data. For studies based on smaller populations that accounted for confounders and modifiers by multivariate models, predictions were of moderate accuracy, yet clear trends were correctly observed.

Conclusions

The use of synthetic structured data provides a close estimate to real data results and is thus a powerful tool in shaping research hypotheses and accessing estimated analyses, without risking patient privacy. Synthetic data enable broad access to data (eg, for out-of-organization researchers), and rapid, safe, and repeatable analysis of data in hospitals or other health organizations where patient privacy is a primary value.
Human capital formation and economic growth across the world: a panel data econometric approach
Authors: Cuevas Ahumada Víctor Manuel , Calderón Villarreal Cuauhtémoc
Published: December 2019

This paper estimates 12 dynamic panel data models to assess the impact of human capital formation and other key variables on the economic growth of 52 countries over a 13-year period. Several methodological and empirical contributions are made to assemble country groups, lower measurement errors and reduce the omitted variable bias while keeping the models parsimonious. Among other things, the evidence indicates that the responsiveness of economic growth to physical capital accumulation, institutional development, human capital formation, and total factor productivity varies across country groups to a certain extent. The policy implications of these findings are relevant on several grounds.
Aproximación a las Pedagogías Alternativas: de la Pedagogía de la Diversidad a las Pedagogías de la Resiliencia en el marco del Postacuerdo
Authors: Mora-García José Pascual
Published: December 2019

El artículo aborda las Pedagogías Alternativas como soporte epistemológico de la Línea de Investigación Pedagogías, Paz y Poblaciones Resilientes, en el marco del Postacuerdo de la región andina Cundiboyacense. Esta línea de investigación se macera en el Doctorado en Ciencias de la Educación, en el CADE, de la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia (UPTC-Tunja) y el emergente programa de Doctorado en la Universidad de Cundinamarca (U de C- Fusagasugá). Las categorías centrales que se abordan son: Pedagogías, Paz y Resiliencia. Desde el punto de vista metodológico se retoma la Historia de las mentalidades para su acercamiento a la investigación social. En ese sentido, resultado de la investigación se propone a la comunidad científica que entre las Pedagogías Alternativas, se incorpore el desarrollo de la Pedagogía Geomental, para el estudio de los andamios mentales resilientes en el tiempo estructural, a fin de superar las patologías sociales que inducen a la mentalidad de la violencia.Respecto a la categoría Postacuerdo, en el sentido del Acuerdo final para la Terminación del Conflicto y la Construcción de una Paz estable y duradera. Igualmente, las Pedagogías Alternativas se inspiran en la diversidad epistemológica, entre las cuales se destacan, las Epistemologías del Sur, el Paradigma emergente al interno de la Sociedad de Historia de la Educación Latinoamericana (Shela) (Mora-García, Soto-Arango y Lima Jardilino (2017), las Pedagogías indígenas, entre otras. Se propone finamente, delinear el quiebre de las alcabalas que en el pasado llevaron a la intelectualización del saber pedagógico divorciado de las prácticas sociales; la mirada a la Paz, que se ofrece, es una paz con sentido decolonial, emancipador y duradero.
El modelo Tyleriano de curriculum y el papel de los objetivos conductuales. ¿Tyler fue realmente conductista?
Authors: Garcia Garduño Jose María
Published: December 2019

El propósito de este trabajo de investigación es clarificar algunas omisiones y distorsiones acerca de la obra de Tyler desde finales de la década de los 70, sobre todo el papel de los objetivos conductuales en el currículo, así como presentar algunos aspectos de su vida que no son muy conocidos en Iberoamérica. Parte de la información que se emplea en este trabajo se basa en diversas fuentes bibliográficas y entrevistas que el autor dio a lo largo de su vida. Se concluye que aunque Tyler empleó los objetivos conductuales, fue un crítico de los mismos. Asimismo, el pensamiento tyleriano nunca fue estático. Al final de su vida el pensamiento del autor tenía ciertos tintes constructivistas.
Economía de la educación: un análisis dialógico
Authors: Suárez Martínez Ana Isabel , Fernández Diego Andrés
Published: December 2019

Este artículo presenta un análisis sobre la realidad de la educación en América Latina, enfatizando aspectos económicos de afectación directa sobre todas sus dinámicas. Se pretende, entonces, evidenciar cómo, en esa interacción, se desvirtúa el objetivo primordial de la educación a favor de intereses economicistas y cómo el sentido de la escuela se ha tergiversado a merced de la industria, lo que propende por una dicotomía polivalente en el que la concepción de capital humano cada vez es más cercana a los fines mercantilistas propuestos por las agencias internacionales.
Gestión humana y construcción de paz: una aproximación teórica
Authors: Bedoya Dorado Cristian , Salas Arbeláez Laura , García Solarte Mónica
Published: December 2019

Los escenarios de postconflicto apelan de aportes provenientes de distintos actores para la construcción de paz, y la no repetición del conflicto violento. Experiencias en algunos países del mundo sugieren que las empresas juegan un papel fundamental en estos escenarios, debido a que aportan al desarrollo social y económico de las sociedades, lo que constituye un pilar para la construcción de paz especialmente desde las prácticas de gestión humana. El objetivo del presente artículo es identificar cuáles son los macro-procesos de la gestión humana que aportan desde las organizaciones en la construcción de paz. Para ello la investigación empleó como método la revisión de la literatura académica señalando los aportes de diferentes autores. Los principales resultados señalan que los macro-procesos de gestión humana que aportan a la construcción de paz son organización y planificación del área, incorporación y adaptación de las personas a la organización, compensación, dada principalmente por los beneficios y desarrollo del personal otorgada por formación. Igualmente, los resultados señalan que estos macro-procesos se orientan principalmente al desarrollo económico como dimensión de la construcción de paz. Lo anterior implica que se requiere los procesos de gestión humana para que las organizaciones participen activamente en la construcción de paz en los escenarios de posconflicto.
Cálculo del valor agregado generado por la Universidad de Nariño en relación a las pruebas saber 11 - saber pro 2010-2014
Authors: Burgos Flórez Marco Antonio , Ruales Suárez Katherin Julieth , Bastidas García Yhony Estivel , Ortiz Benavides Edinson
Published: December 2019

El presente artículo surge como resultado del proyecto de investigación con el mismo nombre realizado con financiación otorgada por la Universidad de Nariño a través del Sistema de Investigaciones en la Convocatoria Docente 2017, cuyo objetivo es la medición y análisis de los efectos generados por la Universidad de Nariño en los estudiantes que culminaron los estudios de pregrado en el periodo 2010-2014, mediante la estimación del valor agregado suscitado por la Universidad de Nariño a partir del cálculo de la diferencia entre los resultados de las Pruebas Saber 11 y Saber Pro. Este cálculo surge de la necesidad de evaluar el papel de la Universidad en la instrucción de sus estudiantes en las competencias básicas y ciudadanas. El enfoque de la investigación es cuantitativo y se utilizó información secundaria tanto de la Universidad como del Instituto Colombiano para la Evaluación de la Educación ICFES, encontrándose que la Universidad generó un valor agregado del 10% en el período estudiado.
Does CSR encourage customer loyalty: A case study – Libyan telecom sector?
Authors: Eltweri Elhadi , Eltweri Ahmed
Published: December 2019

The study aims to the determination of the degree of customer awareness in relation to activities for customer social responsibility that should be undertaken by a company that is socially responsible, as well as to establish the influence that CSR has upon the loyalty of customers in the Libyan telecom sector. Given that, there is a great variety of developed countries that have well-developed telecom sectors which are closely monitored; however, the literature in developing countries that address the impact of CSR on customer loyalty is very limited. Therefore, the examination of the sector customers is of worth so that the meeting of needs for Libyan telecom sector customers can be assured. The survey was completed by 154 participants in total, and there was a recording of the web survey and analysis of the findings. Variables utilised for measurement of the influence of CSR upon the loyalty of customers were taken from the framework of theory with the inclusion of an economic CSR component, the legal CSR component, the philanthropic and ethical components of CSR and the loyalty of customers. The web-survey findings showed that customers had a great awareness of the activities of CSR that ought to be engaged in by responsible companies. In addition, the results showed that CSR did have an impact upon loyalty within the Libyan telecom sector and that customers had a willingness to buy from the firm because of the engagement of them in CSR activities.
Challenges of Teaching Clinically Applied Anthropology and Cultural Psychiatry in India: An Evolving Partnership between a UK University and an Indian NGO
Authors: Derges Jane , Jain Sumeet , Littlewood Roland , Gopikumar Vandana , Dijkxhoorn Mirjam , Jadhav Sushrut
Published: December 2019

The current emphasis on Global Mental Health risks losing the focus on the local and the particular and rendering anthropological insight pertinent. A more critical examination of pedagogical methods and curricula, and of the challenges of establishing collaborative, balanced partnerships is required. Since 2006, a group of clinical anthropologists1 based at UCL and members of The Banyan2, have been working together on an innovative series of short, annual courses on social science theory and methods applied to mental health in South Asia. A UCL/BALM3 research unit was also established in 2008 employing local researchers to conduct joint studies into mental health and its related stigma in the Indian context. Following a brief history and outline of the collaboration, this paper discusses specific challenges: institutional issues and local economics; history and power dynamics; teaching versus training; working within mixed disciplinary and �cultural� domains both in the UK and India; and the spatial and temporal challenges of supervising research across continents. The paper concludes by reflecting on the contribution this collaboration has made to knowledge flow, examining localised and culturally specific understandings of pedagogy. These insights offer potential for similar international organisations seeking to establish inclusive and effective partnerships between frequently disparate contexts.
Teaching for Human Rights Advocacy in Guatemala: The Case for Transdisciplinarity
Authors: Hall-Clifford Rachel , Frank Gelya
Published: December 2019

The NAPA-OT Field School in Guatemala is a transdisciplinary, applied medical anthropology field school program that puts students from anthropology and occupational therapy in a common framework focused on human rights issues. This paper by the co-directors of the field school will highlight the situated learning-by- doing strategy that underpins the NAPA-OT program and critically examine the benefits and challenges that arise for both students and the host community. Within the context of post-civil war Guatemala, field school students learn ethnographic methods by contributing to applied projects advancing health as a human right; however, the field school must confront critical issues in maintaining student safety to enable effective learning in a sometimes volatile setting. Local collaborators, in turn, are able to build research capacity and utilize the social capital of outsiders to advance local development projects. For example, field school students have examined inequalities in access to health care by conducting a study of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) providing referrals for surgical care, and the report generated by that study is being utilized by NGOs to build a shared surgical referral system to improve access to services. Ultimately, educators �in the field� have the opportunity to expose students to lived realities that would remain theoretical in a traditional classroom setting, but they also bear the responsibility of ensuring that their programs bear real benefits for the host community.
Teaching in the Field as Participant Observation: Anthropology and the Ethics of Education in Nickerie, Western Suriname
Authors: Marchand Iris
Published: December 2019

Teaching during fieldwork is not a common anthropological research method. In this paper, I will share my involvement with a local non-governmental initiative of setting up and teaching at the Volkshogeschool (a school for adult education) during my fieldwork in Nickerie, Western Suriname. By reflecting on some of the ethical and methodological challenges involved in teaching during anthropological fieldwork, I will show the potential of teaching in the field as a form of empowerment both in terms of responding to educational and other social needs of members of the local community and to those of the fieldworker. While being aware that education for all is not a universally held value, or good, I suggest that deliberately changing a part of the field during the research is not necessarily unethical. Indeed, to intervene more drastically in people�s lives than simply by being there, through actively stimulating education, may in some cases be a more ethical choice than not to intervene. I will argue that if we understand fieldwork to be a dialogical interaction of teaching and learning, teaching in the field can be considered a form of participant observation. In my experience with the Volkshogeschool in Nickerie, teaching in the field was an inextricable part of the fieldwork endeavour.
Researcher or Teacher? Reflections on Negotiated Roles in the Field
Authors: Kaland Ole Johannes
Published: December 2019

This paper discusses the ethical and methodological issues related to taking on the role of teacher to one�s informants. Drawing on the author�s fieldwork in Shanghai, it argues that as long as researchers are mindful of the problems created by such dual roles, teaching in the field may provide valuable insights that would otherwise not be available.
A new methodology for determination of water of crystallization for uranyl nitrate samples using scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray, and MCPN-5
Authors: Shaban Sameh , Hazzaa Mohamed , El-Tayebany Rasha
Published: December 2019

The scanning electron microscope and its attached X-ray unit are valid tools for conducting surveys to determine whether or not the studied samples contain nuclear material. To verify their structure, ten solid uranyl nitrate specimens with various enrichment values (0.1 % to 1 %) were analyzed. The used samples have different numbers of hydrated water molecules; consequently, the properties of these materials in analytical chemistry and computational methods are not the same. Scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive X-ray are used in this work to visualize and analyze the sample of hexahydrate uranyl nitrate (natural 0.72 %). The specimen has been screened under optimal microscopy circumstances. In spite of the reliability of these tools, they are not accurate, particularly when carrying out complete qualitative and quantitative analysis. With the aid of the Monte Carlo code (MCNP-5), the approach presented here can resolve the limitations that tackle the microscope and X-ray testing. The suggested approach relates to the Monte Carlo calculations and X-ray elemental analysis. This relationship depends on the chemical composition of the material and was developed like software. The concentration and count rate calculation software has been established to determine the water of crystallization for uranyl nitrate samples.
Blokzincir Teknolojisinin Dijital Kimlik Yönetiminde Kullanımı: Bir Sistematik Haritalama Çalışması
Authors: KARAHAN Çetin , TÜFEKCİ Aslıhan
Published: December 2019

Çevrimiçi
sunulan birçok ürün ve hizmete internet üzerinden erişerek işlem
gerçekleştirmek için kullanılması zorunlu olan dijital kimlik, gerçek dünya
kimlikleri ile güvenli biçimde ilişkilendirildiğinde insanların gerçekten iddia
ettikleri kişi olduklarını kanıtlamalarını sağlamakta olup dijitalleşmenin en
önemli unsurlarından biridir. Dijital kimliklerin tasarımı, kullanılması,
yönetimi ve güvenliği gibi konularda mevcut uygulamalarda bazı sorunlar
yaşanmaktadır. Bu sorunlardan en önemlileri arasında kimlik sistemlerinin
devletler ya da büyük teknoloji şirketleri gibi merkezi otoritelerin
kontrolünde olması, bu durumun verilerin usulsüz kullanımı ve mahremiyetin
ihlal edilmesi risklerini doğurması, aynı bilgilerin farklı otoritelerce
tutulması zorunluluğundan kaynaklanan veri tutarsızlıkları ve verimsiz iş
süreçleri sayılabilir. Blokzincir teknolojisinin yapısal özellikleri mevcut
sistemdeki bu verimsizlik ve problemleri gidermek için oldukça uygundur. 2008
yılında ilk ortaya çıkmasından bu yana sürekli olarak artan bir ilgiyle takip
edilen ve uygulama sahası sürekli olarak genişleyen blokzincir teknolojisi
konusunda hem devletler hem de Birleşmiş Milletler ve Avrupa Birliği gibi
uluslararası kuruluşlar ve özel sektör tarafından dijital kimlik özelinde araştırma,
model ve prototip geliştirme çalışmaları yürütülmektedir. Bu çalışmada,
blokzincir teknolojisinin dijital kimlik alanında kullanımına ilişkin
çalışmalar ve elde edilen çıktılar hakkında bütünsel bir fikir edinmek ve
geleceğe yönelik bir perspektif sunmak amacıyla, sistematik haritalama metodu
kullanılarak konu incelenmiştir.
Special Features of the Border Geopolitical Standoff of Russia and Ukraine
Authors:   Branch of Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Kharybin Alexander Nikolaevich
Published: December 2019

The political crisis of 2013–2014 in Ukraine, which brought to power representatives of anti-Russian political forces, threatened the security of the inhab-itants of the Crimean peninsula with its predominant Russian and Russian-speaking population and pro-voked the secession of the Republic of Crimea from Ukraine and its subsequent merger into Russia. This fact not only provoked an aggravation of Rus-sian-Ukrainian relations and generated cross-border disputes, but also provoked an international crisis, the consequences of which Russia is still overcom-ing. Against this background, the paper studies the interstate border as a geopolitical category in the context of Russian-Ukrainian relations. It performs a historical and political analysis of the formation of the borders between Ukraine and Russia, studies the main documents that were signed by the states in the process of establishing the borders. The author notes the interconnection of the process of estab-lishing borders and political relations between the states, reveals the negative consequences of the Ukrainian crisis, and concludes that Eurasian integration processes are of crucial meaning for Russia and that it is important to build-up efforts to activate international connections and promote a positive image of Russia through official and public diplomacy.
The Potential of Migration Processes in the Context of Ensuring Economic Security
Authors:   Tyumen State University, Luzina Tatyana Viktorovna , Elfimova Olga Stanislavovna ,   Tyumen State University, Vysotskaya Valeria Gennadievna ,   Tyumen State University
Published: December 2019

The study of migration process is essential for na-tional and economic security of the state. The paper discusses migration issues in terms of its positive opportunities for achieving the economic goals of the state (region). The authors explain the impact of migration on the level of GDP/GRP of the host terri-tory. The regression analysis was used to identify the relationship between GRP and migration flows. The model of changing the dynamics of GRP was built, taking into account the characteristics as the number of employed population and migration bal-ance. The calculations showed a direct correlation between the growth of GRP and the number of em-ployed population. The approach to determining the threshold of the indicator “migration security” is proposed taking into account the determination of the permissible boundaries of migrant flows and their impact on the parameters of the migration ca-pacity of the labor market.
Dynamic Processes in the Electoral Behavior of Cherepovets Voters at the Elections of 2011–2018
Authors:   Cherepovets State University, Markov Evgeny Alfeevich
Published: December 2019

The paper analyzes changes in the electoral behav-ior of the residents of the city of Cherepovets in 2011–2018 based on the data of a number of socio-logical studies. It identifies the factors and causes that influence the formation of voters’ preferences and decisions during elections at different levels. The author believes that studying transformations that occur in the electoral behavior of voters is a very important research objective, as activeness or inactiveness of voters to a large extent determines public sentiment and ultimately reflects on the socio-economic development of the region. Vot-ers’ activeness or inactivity shapes attitudes in soci-ety and affects the socio-economic development of the region. To conduct this study, comparative his-torical, quantitative and qualitative, as well as socio-psychological and communicative approaches were applied. In conclusion, the author proposes the measures that could increase voter interest in elec-tion.
Evolution of Regional Political Leadership in The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
Authors:   North-Eastern Federal University, Petrov Yuriy Dmitrievich , Parfenova Olga Afanasievna ,   North-Eastern Federal University
Published: December 2019

In the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) the institute of regional political leadership, represented by the post of head of the region, undergoing evolutionary changes has emerged at the present stage. The pa-per is devoted to the analysis of these changes in the activities of such political leaders as M.E. Niko-laev, V.A. Shtyrov, E.A. Borisov, A.S. Nikolaev. Politi-cal analytics of the federal and republican levels, media publications, and electoral statistics are used as research material. An attempt to compare leaders by various status parameters, and also to highlight a number of characteristic features of the Yakut re-gional leaders as a whole is made. In addition, is-sues of tribalism and the typology of territorial polit-ical leadership are examined. The authors come to the conclusion about the decrease of public interest in the elections of the head of the region, and at the same time an increase of requirements of the re-gional political leader.
DNA Extraction of Sumatran Striped Rabbit from Tissue Samples
Authors: Saputra Rio Firman , Setiawan Arum , Yustian Indra , Patriono Enggar
Published: December 2019

The Sumatran Striped Rabbit (Nesolagus netscheri ) is  a naturally rare, which is a protected animal based on Government Regulation Number 7 of 1999 and renewal of Permen LHK No. P.106 which are categorized as Data Deficient  by the IUCN (International Union of Conservation of Nature) since 2019. Samples were obtained from Pagar Alam, South Sumatra. Most commonly found at elevations  above 600 m in montane and sub-montane primary habitat. Molecular genetic characterization of sumatran striped rabbit is to know genetic information and genetic identification of N. netscheri. Primers 12S rRNA were used in this study to characterize Sumatran striped rabbit. A 1 band were detected ranged from 900 to 1000 bp. Molecular markers represent reliable tools which may have a great impact in rabbit breeding and genetic improvement of rabbits. Molecular markers on Nesolagus netscheri is expected to tools in the identification of Sumatran striped rabbits from South Sumatra.
Politics as Personal Freedom: An Analysis of Max Weber’s Speech “Politics as a Vocation”
Authors: Mishurin Alexander
Published: December 2019

This article covers a research devoted to the concept of politics articulated in Max Weber’s speech “Politics as a Vocation”. The article is divided into three parts. The first part highlights the historical and occasional contexts of the speech. In the second part, the three definitions of politics given by Weber are sequentially studied and linked with each other; then the picture of the politics of the immediate future is partially reconstructed in which politics as freedom is associated with domination or with the fight for domination. In the third part an assumption is made on whom Weber sees as a politician of not the immediate but of the distant future, a politician in the highest sense of this word, whom Weber calls a “hero”.
Typical Expression Of Cognitive Dissonance And Consonance In The Course Of Argumentation Among Primary-School Children Playing Chess
Authors: Mirzakhanyan Ruben K. , Gevorgyan Srbuhi R. , Karapetyan Vladimir S. , Dallakyan A.M. , Berberyan Asya S.
Published: December 2019

The research aims to reveal the typical expressions of cognitive dissonance and consonance among the primary-school children by their argumentations upon their deed. The relevance of the research stems from the applicability of the study of the phenomena of dissonance and consonance, which inherently emerge in the sphere of argumentation among the children who study how to play chess. Cognitive dissonance and consonance in the sphere of argumentation in the course of the game of chess are gradually transforming both into the respective reference points – relevant to the situation given, and into the emotional and behavioural manifestations – either adequately or inadequately expressed and, by the logical and inner conflict, are observed as the result of juxtaposition of the realms of emotions and logic.

The present research evidences that, in the case of similar chess skills, the manifestation of cognitive dissonance, and the own argumentation as well are detectable within the domain of extroversion – emotional instability. Such children, even more than the introverts, need the school psychologist’s support. The cognitive consonance is typical of those of the children involved who are ready to gain new experience and appear to be more positively charged towards their rivals or opponents.
Szczepienia ochronne u dzieci w trakcie i po leczeniu onkologicznym oraz w wybranych chorobach hematologicznych: rekomendacje Polskiego Towarzystwa Onkologii i Hematologii Dziecięcej
Authors: Kołtan Sylwia , Urbańczyk Anna , Grześk Elżbieta , Dąbrowska Anna , Ewertowska Marlena , Kałwak Krzysztof , Szczepański Tomasz , Młynarski Wojciech , Wysocki Mariusz , Styczyński Jan
Published: December 2019

Streszczenie

Zakażenia są jednym z największych zagrożeń dla chorych w trakcie i po leczeniu chorób nowotworowych. Dla dzieci z nieonkologicznymi schorzeniami hematologicznymi infekcje wiążą się ze zwiększonym ryzykiem powikłań, a także mogą być czynnikiem spustowym wystąpienia lub zaostrzenia problemu zdrowotnego. Jedynym skutecznym i bezpiecznym sposobem zapobiegania zakażeniom są szczepienia ochronne. Zalecenia odnośnie do ich realizacji zmieniają się w czasie, w zależności od aktualnej sytuacji epidemiologicznej, dostępu do szczepionek, a także danych dotyczących bezpieczeństwa ich stosowania w grupach ryzyka. Prezentowana praca przedstawia aktualne rekomendacje Polskiego Towarzystwa Hematologii i Onkologii Dziecięcej, dotyczące zasad immunizacji dzieci z chorobami nowotworowymi i schorzeniami hematologicznymi.
Profilaktyka reaktywacji zakażeń HBV – rekomendacje grupy roboczej profilaktyki reaktywacji HBV
Authors: Pawłowska Małgorzata , Flisiak Robert , Gil Lidia , Horban Andrzej , Hus Iwona , Jaroszewicz Jerzy , Lech-Marańda Ewa , Styczyński Jan
Published: December 2019

Streszczenie

Reaktywacja zakażenia HBV jest istotnym problemem u chorych poddawanych terapiom, które poprzez działanie immunomodulujące wpływają na upośledzenie odporności przeciwwirusowej, takim jak: leczenie biologiczne (np. przeciwciała monoklonalne powodujące deplecję limfocytów CD20, przeciwciała anty-TNF), chemioterapia, leczenie immunosupresyjne (np. kortykosteroidy, cyklosporyna, azatiopryna). Ryzyko reaktywacji wiąże się również z nowymi terapiami stosowanymi w leczeniu nowotworów hematologicznych, takimi jaki inhibitory kinaz tyrozynowych, inhibitory proteasomu czy przeciwciało anty-CD38, daratumumab. Populacją szczególnie zagrożoną są chorzy poddawani transplantacji komórek krwiotwórczych, w szczególności chorzy po transplantacji allogenicznej, u których prowadzone jest leczenie immunosupresyjne. W pracy przedstawiono epidemiologię, czynniki ryzyka reaktywacji oraz aktualne zasady postępowania dotyczące profilaktyki reaktywacji zakażenia HBV.
Lichens from Sisimiut in West Greenland and their Climatic Preferences
Authors: Hansen Eric Steen
Published: December 2019

A total of 165 lichen taxa collected from Sisimiut in West Greenland in summer 2017 were reported and categorized toward their climatic preferences. Almost 68% of the 165 lichens are more or less equally distributed in continental and oceanic areas of Greenland. More than 26% of the lichens occur most frequently in oceanic areas and more rarely in continental areas. Almost 5% of the lichens occur most frequently in continental areas and more rarely in oceanic areas. Two lichens are distinctly oceanic. No distinctly continental lichens were found in the present investigation. The results are in good accordance with those obtained from similar investigations in West Greenland. Two different climatic scenarios and their influence upon the lichen communities are discussed.
Effect of Nanofertilizers and Biofertilizers on Yield of Maize: Biplot Analysis
Authors: Nouraein Mojtaba
Published: December 2019

One of the newest and most interesting fields of science is nanotechnology, which is exploiting many areas such as life sciences; however, its application in agriculture is rarely studied. In order to examine the environmentfriendly fertilizers (nano-sized and biological fertilizers), and control the agricultural nonpoint source pollution from the source, a field experiment was arranged to study the effects of bulk fertilizers (NPK, nitrogen biofertilizer, and phosphorus biofertilizer), nanofertilizers (nanoboron, nanozinc and nanocomplete) and no fertilizer treatment (control) on morphological traits of maize. The first two Principal Components (PCs) were used to create a biplot, which accounted for 72% of the variance of the treatment × trait interaction. The nanozinc fertilizers following nanoboron fertilizer were the best in most of the biological yield, seed yield, harvest index, and 100-grain weight. The vector-view biplot revealed a strong positive association between chlorophyll and protein content, seed yield with the number of kernels per ears and the number of rows per kernel. Nanocomplete fertilizer was the best treatment for chlorophyll content, protein percent and straw yield, while NPK did not high increase in the most traits of maize. This investigation indicated that treatment × trait biplot can graphically show the interrelationships among traits and facilitate visual comparison of fertilizers. In conclusion, it was found that zinc and boron nanofertilizers increased the production of most of the traits in maize. This study indicated that nano types of fertilizers could promote the studied traits in maize plant.
Photoautotrophic Production of Hydrogen in Carteria Crucifera AARL G045 Co-Cultured with Bacterial Flora
Authors: Duangjan Kritsana , Nakkhunthod Watsamon , Pumas Chayakorn
Published: December 2019

This study reports on high potential of photoautotrophic biohydrogen production in co-culture of the novel hydrogen producing microalga Carteria crucifera AARL G045 with its bacterial flora. Hydrogen production from immobilised and free cells were compared under photoautotrophic and photofermentation conditions. Two bacterial floras of Carteria crucifera AARL G045 cultures were isolated and identified by 16S rDNA sequence analysis as Agrobacterium tumefaciens G045-01 and Aeromicrobium kwangyangensis G045-02. As a result, co-culture of Carteria crucifera AARL G045 and A. kwangyangensis G045-02 generated higher level of hydrogen gas than that of the mono algal culture by about 1.32 times. In addition, co-culture of both free cells of the microalga and the bacterium produced higher hydrogen than both co-immobilisation in calcium alginate by about 2.04 times.