bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A lexicon of plants traded in the Witwatersrand umuthi shops, South Africa
Authors: Williams V. L. , Balkwill K. , Witkowski E. T. F.
Published: July 2015

At least 511 medicinal plant species are traded commercially in 50 Witwatersrand  umuthi shops. The plants are listedalphabetically by genus and common (vernacular) name. The orthographic vernacular names, as well as the orthographicvariations in these names, are incorporated into the list. Annotations include the plant family, the number of umuthi shopsstocking the species, the language of the common name, and the plant part traded. The plant family in the region which hasthe highest number of species and infraspecific taxa in trade is Liliaceae  sensu lato., followed in descending order by  Fabaceae, Asteraceae. Euphorbiaceae and Amaryllidaceae. Approximately 88.6% of the vernacular names are in Zulu. Themean number of umuthi shops per species is 12.3. ranging from 1 to 41. Three hundred and fifty three species (69.2%) occurin the four northern provinces, and 23 species are listed as threatened on the Red Data List.
Thirty years of change in the fynbos vegetation of the Cape of Good Hope Nature Reserve, South Africa
Authors: Privett S. D. J. , Cowling R. M. , Taylor H. C.
Published: July 2015

This study used permanently marked 50 m: sites, surveyed at a 30 year interval, to provide a descriptive account of the temporal change in the fynbos vegetation of the Cape of Good Hope Nature Reserve. South Africa. Management records were used to examine the role of post-fire age. fire frequency and intensity, as well as biotic interactions (competition from overstorey proteoids and alien plants) in influencing vegetation composition over this time period. The mean similarity in species composition of sites between surveys was 62%, indicating an average of nearly 40% turnover in species over the 30 year period. The main causes of this change included differences resulting from different stages in the post-fire succession as well as the impact of differential fire regimes (especially frequency effects). Competition from serotinous Proteaceae. which proved highly mobile after fire, as well as invasive Australian acacias also impacted on the composition of the vegetation over time. The study demonstrated that fynbos communities are temporally dynamic and that the changes over time in species composition are caused by a variety of processes. The study also provided evidence for the role of temporal diversity in contributing to the high species diversity in fynbos systems.
Patterns of endemism within the Karoo National Park, South Africa
Authors: Rubin F. , Palmer A. R. , Tyson C.
Published: July 2015

A checklist of 864 plant taxa representing 355 genera and 93 families is given for the Karoo National Park. A total of 121 species are endemic to the Nama-Karoo, with Asteraceae the most common with 33 taxa. followed by Mesembryanthemaceae with 26 taxa. Phytochorological affinities indicate that 19.8% of the species are from the Nama- Karoo Biome only, another 19.8% are distributed over two biomes, and 41% of the species have a widespread distribution. The Karoo National Park conserves 30% of the recognized endemics of the Nama-Karoo Biome.
Vegetation-environment relationships in a catchment containing a dambo in central Zimbabwe
Authors: Mapaure I. , McCartney M. P.
Published: July 2015

Seasonally saturated wetlands, known as dambos. are a common landscape element throughout much of southern  Africa. The diversity of species composition within catchments containing dambos is widely attributed to hydrological conditions, but plant-water relationships are poorly established. In this paper a detailed classification and a vegetation map are presented for a small catchment in central Zimbabwe containing a dambo. Canonical Correspondence Analysis has been applied to explore the link between vegetation composition and environmental variables. This confirms that water is a key influence in species distribution and small-scale patterning of vegetation within the catchment.
Studies in the liverwort family Aneuraceae (Metzgeriales) from southern Africa. 1. The genus Aneura and its local representative
Authors: Perold S. M.
Published: July 2015

This is the first of several projected articles dealing with the southern African Aneuraceae H.Klinggr. The family is cosmopolitan and comprises two subfamilies, only one of which, the Aneuroideae. with two genera. Aneura Dumort. and Riccardia Gray, occurs locally. Because of the taxonomic problems associated with this family and the scarcity of  fruiting material, only one taxon in the genus Aneura, A. pinguis (L.) Dumort., has so far been accepted in this treatment. This is not meant to imply, however, that A. pseudopinguis Herzog does not occur in southern Africa: only, that the specimens I have examined, all belong to A. pinguis. A description and illustrations of A. pinguis. together with a distribution map are provided.
Clivia mirabilis (Amaryllidaceae: Haemantheae) a new species from Northern Cape, South Africa
Authors: Rourke J. P.
Published: July 2015

Clivia mirabilis Rourke is a new pendulous tubular-flowered species from Oorlogskloof Nature Reserve in Northern Cape. Its distribution area is some 800 km outside the previously accepted range of the genus Clivia. This sun-tolerant species is adapted to an arid Mediterranean climate, producing vegetative growth in winter and maturing its seeds rapidly in late summer/early autumn to synchronize with the arrival of winter rains.
THYMELAEACEAE: SYSTEMATICS OF PASSERINA TRUNCATA AND A NEW SUBSPECIES MONTICOLA
Authors: Bredenkamp C. L. , Van Wyk A. E.
Published: July 2015

SYSTEMATICS OF PASSERINA TRUNCATA AND A NEW SUBSPECIES MONTICOLA
THYMELAEACEAE
Authors: Beyers J. B. P.
Published: July 2015

A NEW SPECIES OF GNIDIA FROM THE KNERSVLAKTE. WESTERN CAPE. SOUTH AFRICA
LAMIACEAE
Authors: Herman P. P. , Retief E.
Published: July 2015

NEW COMBINATIONS IN THE GENUS ROTHECA IN SOUTHERN AFRICA
Pollen morphology and biometry of the genus Androcymbium (Colchicaceae) in southern Africa: taxonomic and biogeographic considerations
Authors: Membrives N. , Martín J. , Caujapé-Castells J. , Pedrola-Monfort J
Published: July 2015

Pollen characters in 16 southern African type specimens of Androcymbium Willd. that represent the three sections into which the genus is presently divided (Androcymbium,  Dregeocymbium and  Erythrostictus), were examined to assess the possibility of sectional characterization based on pollen traits and to explore the relationship between pollen traits and geo­graphic species distribution. Differences in pollen grain size, shape, number of apertures and exine pattern, were observed. Principal Component Analysis, using both qualitative and biometric pollen characters, distinguished four groups of species with four different pollen types. Most of the species have a microreticulate exine pattern with either diaperturate or tria- perturate grains. The remaining species have either a rugulate exine pattern with diaperturate grains, or a rugulate-reticu- late exine pattern with thickened (hypertrophied) muri with diaperturate grains. While section Dregeocymbium can be well delimited by the unique thickened muri. and by a significantly larger grain size, no diagnostic pollen traits were found for sections Androcymbium and  Erythrostictus. Similarly, although the six northern African species exhibit a microreticulate exine pattern, the high variability observed for this trait in their southern African counterparts, does not follow a geographic pattern.
OBITUARY
Authors: Glen H. F.
Published: July 2015

ANNA AMELIA OBERMEYER-MAUVE (1907-2001)
The genus Trichodesma (Boraginaceae: Boraginoideae) in southern Africa
Authors: Retief E.
Published: July 2015

Trichodesma R.Br. is a genus of about 45 species known from tropical and subtropical regions of Africa. Asia and Australia. The group comprises predominantly perennial herbs, the flowers characterized by anthers with prolonged connectives, often twisting above the thecae. and a prominent accrescent calyx. Five species and three subspecies of 7rii hodesma are currently recognized in southern Africa, with  T. angustifolium Harv. subsp. argenteum Relief A.E.van Wyk newly described. These taxa are widespread in southern Africa, occurring in various vegetation types. A key to the species, descriptions, distribution maps and illustrations of various micro- and macromorphological as well as palvnological features are provided.
Six new species and one new subspecies of Erica (Ericaceae) from Western Cape, South Africa
Authors: Oliver E. G. H. , Oliver I. M.
Published: July 2015

Two new species and one new subspecies belonging in §Ceramia of the genus Erica L. are described from the western half of the province—E. cavartica known from a single collection growing in a cave in the Cederberg. E. amalophylla con­fined to a shaded rocky overhang and known only from a single collection in the Porterville Mountains and  E. cymosa subsp. grandiflora occurring in the mountains between Ceres and Worcester. Four new species are described from mountains in the Little Karoo area—E. schelpeorum occurring widespread mostly in dry watercourses in arid vegetation at low altitudes,  E. lithophila found only in dry rock crevices at high altitude in the eastern Swartberg and Kammanassie Mountains, E. umbratica confined to shaded rocky habitats and known only from a few. very localized small populations at low altitude in Meiringspoort, and  E. annalis restricted to the arid habitats on lower northern slopes of Kammanassie Mountains. Each is provided with a detailed drawing and a distribution map.
Studies in the liverwort family Aneuraceae (Metzgeriales) from southern Africa. 4. Riccardia obtusa
Authors: Perold S. M.
Published: July 2015

For a clearer understanding of Riccardia obtusa S.W.Arnell, it is here described and illustrated in greater detail than in Arnell’s (1952) initial publication of his new species. Subsequently, with minor alterations. Arnell (1963) repeated his treatment of R. obtusa in Hepaticae of South Africa. Wigginton Grolle (1996) have, however, remarked that this species needs to be clarified, along with the other two Amellian species of Riccardia, namely R. capensis and R. rhodesiae, which will betreated in detail in future papers.
ASTERACEAE-ANTHEMIDEAE
Authors: Beyers J. B. P.
Published: July 2015

REDUCTION OF FOVEOLINA ALBIDA TO FOVEOLINA DICHOTOMA
ASTERACEAE
Authors: Manning J. C. , Goldblatt P.
Published: July 2015

A DISTINCTIVE NEW SPECIES OF FELICIA (ASTEREAE) FROM WESTERN CAPE. SOUTH AFRICA
PORTULACACEAE
Authors: Glen H. F.
Published: July 2015

THE SYNONYMY OF CERARIA NAMAQUENSIS (SOND.) H.PEARSON E.L.STEPHENS
AMARYLLIDACEAE
Authors: Rourke J. P.
Published: July 2015

THE TYPIFICATION OF CYRTANTHUS SMITHIAE WATT EX HARV.
POACEAE
Authors: Roodt R. , Spies J. J.
Published: July 2015

CHROMOSOME STUDIES ON AFRICAN PLANTS. 17. THE SUBFAMILIES ARUNDINOIDEAE AND DANTHONIOIDEAE
The genus Solanum (Solanaceae) in southern Africa: subgenus Leptostemonum, the introduced sections Acanthophora and Torva
Authors: Welman W. G.
Published: July 2015

In the genus Solanum L. (Solanaceae), subgenus Leptostemonum (Dunal) Bitter, section Acanthophora Dunal has four representatives in the Flora of southern Africa region (South Africa. Lesotho, Swaziland, Namibia. Botswana), namely  S. aculeatissimum Jacq.. S. capsicoides Allioni. S. mammosum L. (cultivated only) and S. viarum Dunal. Section  Ton a Nees has two representatives in southern Africa, namely S.  chnsotriclium Schltdl. (S.  hispidum auctt. non Pers.) and S.  ton um Sw.; both are naturalized weeds.  Solanum capsicoides, S. viarum and S.  torvum have not been listed before for southern Africa. All are introduced species native to the New World. Descriptions, discussions, illustrations and distribution maps of the naturalized species are presented, as well as keys to the species of both sections.
EUPHORBIACEAE
Authors: Burrows J. E. , Burrows S. M. , Loffler P. , Loffler L.
Published: July 2015

EXCOECARIA MADAGASCARIENSIS; A FIRST RECORD FOR THE FLORA OF SOUTHERN AFRICA REGION
ASTERACEAE
Authors: Netnou N. C. , Van Wyk B-E.
Published: July 2015

A NEW COMBINATION IN THE GENUS MACLEDIUM (MUTISEAE)
LYCOPERDACEAE-GASTEROMYCETES: AUTHOR CITATION AND PUBLICATION DATE OF THE NAME CALVATIA CRANIIFORMIS
Authors: Coetzee J. C. , Van Wyk A. E.
Published: July 2015

AUTHOR CITATION AND PUBLICATION DATE OF THE NAME CALVATIA CRANIIFORMIS
More accurate publication dates for H.C. Andrews’ The Heathery, particularly volumes 5 and 6
Authors: Cleevely R. J. , Nelson E. C. , Oliver E. G. H.
Published: July 2015

Using three types of evidence—dated watermarks; dates of flow ering of Erica L. species in cultiv ation in England: dates on which Andrews prepared the original drawings—it is concluded that the six volumes of Henry Charles Andrews’  The Heathery were published as follows: volume 1. not earlier than June 1805; volume 2. not earlier than 1806: volume 3. 1806; volume 4, 1807; volume 5, not before 1816; volume 6. late in 1828 Consequently, most, if not all. of Andrews' new names  for Erica species were first published in Coloured engravings of heaths..
Vegetation of the rock habitats of the Sekhukhuneland Centre of Plan Endemism, South Africa
Authors: Siebert S. J. , Van Wyk A. E. , Bredenkamp G. J. , Siebert F.
Published: July 2015

A hierarchical classification, description, and ecological and floristic interpretations are presented on the vegetation types of the ultramafic rock habitats of the Sekhukhuneland Centre of Plant Endemism. Relevés were compiled in 100 stratified random plots. A TWINSPAN classification, refined by Braun-Blanquet procedures, revealed 17 plant communities, which are classified into 13 associations belonging to four proposed alliances. Many new syntaxa are ecologically interpreted and described. For each syntaxon, the species richness, endemism and conservation status was determined. Much of the plant community distribution can be ascribed to specific habitat preference. The floristic and habitat information, proposed classification, general description and vegetation key are provided to aid future identification of conservation areas, land use planning and research. An ordination (DECORANA) based on floristic data confirmed potential relationships that could exist between the plant communities and associated habitats and environmental gradients.
Studies in the genus Riccia (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 26. A new species in section Pilifer, Riccia radiata, is described
Authors: Perold S. M.
Published: July 2015

Riccia radiata Perold, a new species endemic to southern Africa, is described. It is referred to section Pilifer O.H.Volk, which is characterized by the dorsal epithelium of the thalli consisting of short or long, free-standing, hyaline cell pillars.
ERICACEAE
Authors: Turner R. C. , Oliver E. G. H.
Published: July 2015

A NEW SPECIES OF INDEHISCENT-FRUITED ERICA FROM THE CENTRAL KOUEBOKKEVELD,WESTERN CAPE, SOUTH AFRICA
MESEMBRYANTHEMACEAE
Authors: Chesselet P. , Van Wyk A. E. , Smith G. F.
Published: July 2015

A NEW TRIBE AND ADJUSTMENTS TO INFRAFAMILIAL CLASSIFICATION
Grass assemblages and diversity of conservation areas on the coastal plain south of Maputo Bay, Mozambique
Authors: Siebert S. J. , Fish L. , Uiras M. M. , Izindine S. A.
Published: July 2015

A floristic analysis of the grass species assemblages of the Licuati Forest and Maputo Elephant Reserves south of Maputo Bay, Mozambique, is presented. Sampling of grass data was undertaken in six previously described, major vegetation types. TWINSPAN divisions distinguished grass assemblages that are characteristic for these major vegetation types of the study area. The results were supported by an Indirect Gradient Analysis. Further TWINSPAN divisions of a larger Maputaland data set indicated a floristic relationship between grass assemblages of similar major vegetation types in the study area and South Africa. This relationship was supported by high similarity values ( 65%), obtained with Sorenson's Coefficient. The coefficient also indicated varying degrees of similarity between grass assemblages of different major vegetation types within the study area. A rich diversity of 115 grass species and infraspecific taxa was recorded for the study area. The Chloridoideae and Panicoideae dominate the grass diversity and the genera with the most species include Eragrostis, Panicum and Digitaria. Most grass species in the study area are perennials and have a tufted growth form, but this varies considerably between vegetation types.
OBITUARY
Authors: Vorster P.
Published: July 2015

JOHANNES JACOBUS ADRIAAN VAN DER WALT (1938-2003)
Taxonomic notes and new species of the southern African genus Babiana (Iridaceae: Crocoideae)
Authors: Goldblatt P.
Published: July 2015

A member of Iridaceae subfamily Crocoideae. Babiana Ker Gawl. comprises some 80 species from southern Africa. Field studies have shown the need for several taxonomic and nomenclatural changes, while a number of new species have been discovered. The type of B flabellifolia Harv. ex Klatt is a short-tubed plant that matches B. truncata GJ.Lewis. and that name falls into synonymy. The name B. flabellifolia sensu GJ.Lewis (1959) has been misapplied to long-tubed plants from the western Karoo which are now renamed B. praemorsa sp. nov. In addition. B. truncata, as originally circumscribed, included two species, one short-tubed and a second with a longer tube, which we describe here as B. cuneata sp. nov. The type off?  hypogaea Burch, has also been misinterpreted and matches the species described as B.flavida. which thus falls into the synonymy of B hypogaea. A second species. B.falcata GJ.Lewis. closely matches this species and is also reduced to synonymy. The widespread southern African species long known as B hypogaea (hypogea sensu GJ.Lewis) matches the type ol  B. bainesii Baker and must now be known by that name. Babiana stricta var.  erectifolia (GJ.Lewis) GJ.Lewis is appropriately included in typical B. stricta (Aiton) Ker Gawl. However, var. regia GJ.Lewis is a very different plant and is treated as a separate species. B. regia comb, et stat. nov.. as is long-tubed var. grandiflora GJ.Lewis. which is described as the new species, B. longiflora sp. nov. Plants included in B. stricta var. sulphurea sensu GJ.Lewis are also included in var. stricta. We are unable to match the type of Gladiolus sulphureus Jacq.. basionym of var. sulphurea (Jacq.) Baker, with any known species and the name is thus excluded. Lastly, the name B. disticha Ker Gaw l., type of the genus, is superfluous for Gladiolus fragrans Jacq. and the new combination  B fragrans comb. nov. is made, reducing  B. disticha to synonymy. Babiana fragrans Eckl., which was thought to prevent the transfer of G. fragrans. is a nomen nudum and thus invalid and cannot be taken into account in considerations of nomenclatural priority.
Studies in the genus Riccia (Marchantiales) from southern Africa. 27. Riccia lanceolata and R. radicosa now also locally reported
Authors: Perold S. M.
Published: July 2015

Riccia lanceolata and R. radicosa are newly reported from southern Africa. Riccia lanceolata is quite widespread in sub-Saharan Africa, whereas R. radicosa has only been collected once before, namely in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Zaire). Both species are assigned to the group ‘Squamatae’, section Riccia, subgenus Riccia. but are easily distin­guished from one another.
FABACEAE
Authors: Hurter P. J. H. , Hurter A. E.
Published: July 2015

A NEW SPECIES OF ACACIA (MIMOSOIDEAE) FROM THE PROVINCE OF LIMPOPO. SOUTH AFRICA
HYACINTHACEAE
Authors: Manning J. C.
Published: July 2015

ORNITHOGALUM LAIKIPIENSE. A SYNONYM OF DRIMIA MACROCARPA
Extrafloral nectaries in Combretaceae: morphology, anatomy and taxonomic significance
Authors: Tilney P. M. , Van Wyk A. E.
Published: July 2015

Extrafloral nectaries (EFNs) in members of the Combretaceae are nectaries not involved with pollination and occurring on vegetative structures; they are believed to attract ants to protect plants against herbivorv by other insects. In the Combretaceae EFNs are reported in species of Terminalia L. and Pteleopsis Engl., putative EFNs in Meiostemon Exell Stace and Quisqualis L., and an absence of EFNs in Combretum Loefl. and Lumnitzera Willd. EFNs in the family are generally spherical in shape and may be raised, level with the surface or somewhat concave. They are similar in the Terminalia and  Pteleopsis species where they display varying degrees of internal zonation and are composed of small cells; those species observed in the field were all found to have functional EFNs. In Meiostemon tetrandrum (Exell) Exell Stace, Quisqualis indica L.. Q. littorea (Engl.) Exell and Q. paviflora Gerrard ex Sond.. apparent EFNs lack internal zonation and are composed of enlarged cells; confirmation is required as to whether these are functional . The formation of EFNs appears to be highly flexible. They are usually essentially associated with new growth but their occurrence is sporadic and they do not appear on every leaf or every' branch of a plant. The distribution of EFNs on leaves, when present, is of taxonomic significance to separate species of Pteleopsis and Terminalia: otherwise the presence or absence and distribution of EFNs are too variable and sporadic in occurrence to be of taxonomic significance at the species level. Indiscriminate use of the terms gland and domatium instead of EFN. and possible confusion with damage caused by other organisms, has probably con­tributed to many of these structures not previously being recorded as EFNs. Floral and extrafloral nectar samples of T. phanerophlebia Engl. Diels differed in sugar composition.
Cape heaths in European gardens: the early history of South African Erica species in cultivation, their deliberate hybridization and the orthographic bedlam
Authors: Nelson E. C. , Oliver E. C. H.
Published: July 2015

This paper discusses the horticultural history of southern African Erica spp. in Europe, and especially in Britain, during the late eighteenth and the early decades of the nineteenth century . We note evidence for the deliberate hybridization of the so-called Cape heaths by European horticulturists, in particular by the English nursery man William Rollisson and by the Very Rev. William Herbert. We discuss some of the nomenclatural consequences of the naming by miscellaneous botanists and nurserymen of the hundreds of new Erica species and hybrids, emphasizing the proliferation of eponyms. An appendix tabulates eponyms and their numerous orthographic variants published before 1835 within Erica, and provides the correct orthography for these epithets.
Three new species and a new synonym in Strumaria (Amaryllidaceae: Amaryllideae) from southern Africa
Authors: Snijman D. A.
Published: July 2015

Newly described are three species of Strumaria Jacq. subgenus Strumaria. S. prolifera Snijman from the Kourkammaberg in Namaqualand, South Africa, is a rare species closely allied to 5.  barbarae Oberm. S. speciosa Snijman from the Sonberg, southern Namibia and S. luteoloba Snijman from Namuskluft, southern Namibia and the Richtersveld in Northern Cape, South Africa, are rare species closely related to  S. phonolithica Dinter.  S. gigantea D.Mull.-Doblies U.Miill.-Doblies is formally presented as a new synonym of S.  phonolithica. A key to the species in Strumaria subgenus Strumaria is given.
LYCOPERDACEAE—GASTEROMYCETES: BOVISTA CAPENSIS, THE CORRECT NAME FOR BOVISTA PROMONTORII
Authors: Coetzee J. C. , Van Wyk A. E.
Published: July 2015

BOVISTA CAPENSIS, THE CORRECT NAME FOR BOVISTA PROMONTORII
BORAGINACEAE
Authors: Retief E. , Van Wyk A. E.
Published: July 2015

CODONOIDEAE, A NEW SUBFAMILY BASED ON CODON
POACEAE: NOTES ON ERAGROSTIS
Authors: Fish L.
Published: July 2015

NOTES ON ERAGROSTIS
RUBIACEAE
Authors: Herman P. P. J.
Published: July 2015

INFRASPECIFIC TAXA IN A SOUTHERN AFRICAN PAVETTA SPECIES
The genus Erica (Ericaceae) in southern Africa: taxonomic notes 2
Authors: Oliver E. G. H. , Oliver I. M.
Published: July 2015

This is a continuation in the series of notes from Bothalia 32 (2002) reflecting the status of species of Erica L. recognized in the Compton Herbarium. These notes cover the 43 species currently included in the section  Evanthe of Flora capensis. Five new species, E. ceraria. E. croceovirens. E. gerhardii. E. prolata and E. viridimontana and six new sub­species are described.
Two new species of Erica (Ericaceae) from the Langeberg, Western Cape, South Africa
Authors: Turner R. C. , Oliver E. G. H.
Published: July 2015

Two new species of the genus Erica L. from the north-facing slopes of the Langeberg are described— E turneri,  known only from the type locality on Zuurbraak Mountain and E. euryphylla,  occurring on the same mountain slope, as well as on the middle north-facing slopes   of Hermitage Peak near Misty Point in the Marloth Nature Reserve above Swellendam.
ASPHODELACEAE
Authors: Van Jaarsveld E. J. , Swanepoel W. , Van Wyk A. E.
Published: July 2015

ALOE KAOKOENSIS, A NEW SPECIES FROM THE KAOKOVELD. NORTHW ESTERN NAMIBIA
Two new species of Spiloxene (Hypoxidaceae) from the northwestern Cape, South Africa
Authors: Snijman D. A.
Published: July 2015

Newly described are two new species of Spiloxene Salisb.:  S. nana Snijman from the Bokkeveld Escarpment, Northern Cape Province, is a shade-loving plant with narrow, pale green leaves and small, white or rarely cream-coloured flowers; S. pusilla Snijman from the Matsikamma, Gifberg and Pakhuis Mountains. Western Cape Province, resembles S. nana in habit but the yellow- or white-tepalled flowers which are tetramerous or hexamerous have darkly coloured stamens and style and an ovary with a short, solid, narrow prolongation at the apex. Inhabiting rock overhangs formed by quartzitic sandstone sheets, both species are close allies of S. scullyi (Baker) Garside from Namaqualand.
Patterns of plant diversity and endemism in Namibia
Authors: Craven P. , Vorster P.
Published: July 2015

Species richness, endemism and areas that are rich in both species and endemic species were assessed and mapped for Namibia. High species diversity corresponds with zones where species overlap. These are particularly obvious where there are altitudinal variations and in high-lying areas. The endemic flora of Namibia is rich and diverse. An estimated 16% of the total plant species in Namibia are endemic to the country. Endemics are in a wide variety of families and sixteen genera are endemic. Factors that increase the likelihood of endemism are mountains, hot deserts, diversity of substrates and microclimates. The distribution of plants endemic to Namibia was arranged in three different ways. Firstly, based on a grid count with the phytogeographic value o f the species being equal, overall endemism was mapped. Secondly, range restricted plant species were mapped individually and those with congruent distribution patterns were combined. Thirdly, localities that are important for very range-restricted species were identified. The resulting maps o f endemism and diversity were compared and found to correspond in many localities. When overall endemism is compared with overall diversity, rich localities may consist of endemic species with wide ranges. The other methods identify important localities with their own distinctive complement of species.
Comparisons of invasive plants in southern Africa originating from southern temperate, northern temperate and tropical regions
Authors: Henderson L.
Published: July 2015

A subset of invasive alien plant species in southern Africa was analysed in terms of their history of introduction, rate of spread, countries/region of origin, taxonomy, growth forms, cultivated uses, weed status and current distribution in southern Africa, and comparisons made of those originating from south of the tropic of Capricorn, north of the tropic of Cancer and from the tropics. The subset of 233 species, belonging to 58 families, includes all important declared species and some potentially important species. Almost as many species originate from temperate regions (112) as from the tropics (121). Most southern temperate species came from Australia (28/36), most tropical species from tropical America (92/121) and most northern temperate species from Europe (including the Mediterranean) and Asia (58/76). Transformers account for 33% of  all species. More transformers are of tropical origin (36) than of northern temperate (24) and southern temperate origin (18). However. 50% of southern temperate species are transformers, compared to 32% of northern temperate and 29% of tropical species. Southern temperate transformer species are mainly woody trees and shrubs that were established on a grand scale as silvicultural crops, barriers (hedges, windbreaks and screens) and cover/binders. Most aquatics, herbs, climbers and succulent shrubs an. trom the tropics. Ornamentals are the single largest category of plants from all three regions, the tropics having contributed twice as many species as temperate regions.
Notes on new and misunderstood taxa of Cyrtanthus (Amaryllidaceae: Cyrtantheae) from the Western Cape, Eastern Cape and KwaZulu- Natal, South Africa
Authors: Snijman D. A.
Published: July 2015

Cyrtanthus aureolinus Snijman is a new, rare species of fire lily, which is localized in a vlei on the northern slopes of the Groot Swartberg, Western Cape. The upright or slightly spreading, yellow to cream-coloured flowers and the perigone tube which gradually widens to the throat suggest that it is closely related to the Western Cape endemic, C.  ochroleucus (Herb.) Burch, ex Steud., and C. mackenii Hook.f., a variable species from southern KwaZulu-Natal and Eastern Cape. The species differs mainly by the shape, size and position of the tepals and the length of the filaments. Cyrtanthus mackenii var. cooperi (Baker) R.A.Dyer is raised to subspecies rank as C.  mackenii subsp. cooperi (Baker) Snijman. Its hysteranthous leaf habit and grassland habitat differ from the riverine habitat of the evergreen C. mackenii subsp. mackenii. Described in detail are C. aureolinus, C. ochroleucus, and C. mackenii.
APOCYNACEAE
Authors: Bester S. P. , Nicholas A.
Published: July 2015

TRANSFER OF SCHIZOGLOSSUM UMBELLULIFERUMIO STENOSTELMA, AND ITS NEOTYPIFICATION (ASCLEPIADOIDEAE)
ASTERACEAE
Authors: Netnou N. C. , Van Wyk B-E.
Published: July 2015

A KEY TO DICOMA TAXA (DICOMEAE) IN SOUTHERN AFRICA
AMARYLLIDACEAE
Authors: Strydom A. , Kleynhans R. , Spies J. J.
Published: July 2015

CHROMOSOME STUDIES ON AFRICAN PLANTS. 20. KARYOTYPES OF SOME CYRTANTHUS SPECIES
OBITUARY
Authors: Oliver E. G. H. , Rourke J. P. , Linder H. P.
Published: July 2015

ELSIE ELIZABETH ESTERHUYSEN (1912-2006)
Name changes in the Old World Rhus and recognition of Searsia (Anacardiaceae)
Authors: Moffett R. O.
Published: July 2015

The background to and status of the genus Searsia F.A.Barkley (Anacardiaceae) is discussed and reasons given as to why it is the correct name for those Old World species in the Rhus complex fonnely regarded as subgenus  Thezera (DC.) K.Koch (section Gerontogeae Engl.). An annotated list of all the accepted 111 species and 28 fiirther infraspecific taxa in Searsia is presented, and where necessary, new combinations are made and types are designated.
New species and notes on Hesperantha (Iridaceae) in southern Africa
Authors: Goldblatt P. , Manning J. C.
Published: July 2015

Field studies of the sub-Saharan African and largely southern African Hesperantha conducted since 2003 have resulted in the discovery of three new species in this genus, bringing the total to 82. Hesperantha longistyla J.C.Manning Goldblatt. known from one collection from the mountains of SW Namibia, is a dwarf plant with moderately long-tubed, purple flowers and unusually long style branches, possibly allied to the Kamiesberg species,  H. latifolia. A second species,  H. helmei Goldblatt J.C.Manning, also known from a single collection from the interior mountains of Eastern Cape near Graaff- Reinet, has terete leaves and small flowers with tepals ± 8 x 2.5 mm, about as long as the perianth tube. It is apparently most closely allied to the Roggeveld species, H. cliolata. A third novelty, H. lithicola J.C.Manning Goldblatt. restricted to the Swartruggens range in the eastern Cold Bokkeveld, has bell-shaped corms with toothed margins, leaves 1-2 mm wide, and white flowers with a tube 10-12 mm long, and appears most closely allied to the widespread H. falcata. A new collection of H karooica from northeast of the Hantamsberg represents a small but significant range extension for this local endemic previously known from just two collections near Calvinia, south of these mountains. The flower size, especially dimensions of the tepals, confirms its status as a separate species allied to H. vaginata. Lastly, new collections o f the relatively uncommon, yellow-flowered variant of H. acuta show that this plant, confined to the eastem portion of the range of the species, differs consistently from the white-flowered form in several floral features, and it is raised to subspecies rank as H. acuta subsp.  tugwelliae.
IRIDACEAE: ARISTEA NIGRESCENS (SUBGENUS PSEUDARISTEA). A NEW SPECIES FROM WESTERN CAPE, SOUTH AFRICA WITH A NOVEL STRATEGY FOR POLLINATOR ATTRACTION
Authors: Manning J. C. , Goldblatt P.
Published: July 2015

ARISTEA NIGRESCENS (SUBGENUS PSEUDARISTEA). A NEW SPECIES FROM WESTERN CAPE, SOUTH AFRICA WITH A NOVELSTRATEGY FOR POLLINATOR ATTRACTION
IRIDACEAE: NIVENIA ARGENTEA MISUNDERSTOOD, AND THE NEW SPECIES NIVENIA INAEQUALIS (NIVENIOIDEAE)
Authors: Manning J. C. , Goldblatt P.
Published: July 2015

NIVENIA ARGENTEA MISUNDERSTOOD, AND THE NEW SPECIES NIVENIA INAEQUALIS (NIVENIOIDEAE)
Seasonal variation in soil seed bank size and species composition of selected habitat types in Maputaland, South Africa
Authors: Kellerman M. J. S. , Van Rooyen M. W.
Published: July 2015

Seasonal variation in seed bank size and species composition of five selected habitat types within the Tembe Elephant Park. South Africa, was investigated. At three-month intervals, soil samples were randomly collected from five different habitat types: a, Licuati forest; b, Licuati thicket; c, a bare or sparsely vegetated zone surrounding the forest edge, referred to as the forest/grassland ecotone; d, grassland; and e, open woodland. Most species in the seed bank flora were either grasses, sedges, or forbs, with hardly any evidence of woody species. The Licuati forest and thicket soils produced the lowest seed densities in all seasons.  Licuati forest and grassland seed banks showed a two-fold seasonal variation in size, those of the Licuati thicket and woodland a three-fold variation in size, whereas the forest/grassland ecotone maintained a relatively large seed bank all year round. The woodland seed bank had the highest species richness, whereas the Licuati forest and thicket soils were poor in species. Generally, it was found that the greatest correspondence in species composition was between the Licuati forest and thicket, as well as the forest/grassland ecotone and grassland seed bank floras.
A new species of Euclea (Ebenaceae) from ultramafic soils in Sekhukhuneland, South Africa, with notes on its ecology
Authors: Retief E. , Siebert S. J. , Van Wyk A. E.
Published: July 2015

Euclea sekhukhuniensis Retief, Siebert A.E.van Wyk. a new species with a restricted range in Sekhukhuneland, South Africa, is described, illustrated and compared with other members of the genus. It is a gregarious geoxylic sufthitex forming large, much-branched colonies. The species is closely related to the small tree/shrub E. linearis Zeyh. ex Hiem from which it can be distinguished by its larger fruits, broader leaves and exclusively suffrutex growth form. Geographical range and habitat preference also differ between the two taxa. E. sekhukhuniensis is endemic to the Sekhukhuneland Centre of Plant Endemism, where it is confined to the calcareous, heavy-metal soils of the Steelpoort River Valley.
ASPHODELACEAE: ALOOIDEAE - NEW EVIDENCE IN SUPPORT OF A DISJUNCT DISTRIBUTION OF ALOE KARASBERGENSIS
Authors: Klopper R. R. , Du Preez P. J. , Smith G. F.
Published: July 2015

NEW EVIDENCE IN SUPPORT OF A DISJUNCT DISTRIBUTION OF ALOE KARASBERGENSIS
APOCYNACEAE
Authors: Bruyns P. V.
Published: July 2015

A NEW SPECIES OF HUERNIA (ASCLEPIADOIDEAE-CEROPEGIEAE) FROM ANGOLA
Resource demand estimates for sustainable forest management: Mngazana Mangrove Forest, South Africa
Authors: Traynor C. H. , Hill T. R.
Published: July 2015

Since democratization in 1994, South African forest policies have promoted sustainable forest management. However, implementation has been problematic due to limited information concerning forest product utilization. This paper investigates and quantifies timber use from the Mngazana Mangrove Forest. Eastern Cape Province. South Africa. Three local communities utilize stems of the mangrove species Rhizophora mucronata Lam. and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) Lam. for building construction. There were two distinct building shapes, circular and rectangular. On average. 155 stems were used for circular buildings and 378 stems for rectangular buildings. Most buildings were constructed using mangroves as well as indigenous timber from coastal scarp forests. The proportion of mangrove stems in buildings varied from 0 to 95%. The annual demand for mangroves was estimated to be 18 400 stems. Due to the high annual demand, projected human population growth rates have a minor influence upon future demand values. For effective sustainable forest management, the standing stock at Mngazana should be restricted to the two mangrove species utilized for building construction, and a forest inventory performed so that demand for building can be compared to supply.
Systematics of the southern African genus Ixia (Iridaceae). 2. The filiform-leaved I. capillaris complex
Authors: Goldblatt P. , Manning J. C.
Published: July 2015

Field study and associated examination of herbarium specimens of the filiform-leaved species of section Morphixia o f the South African genus Ixia L. have resulted in an increase in the number of species with this derived leaf type.  Ixia capillaris and  I. pauciflora have until now been the only species with such leaves and they have not been regarded as immediately related in past accounts of the genus. The two foliage leaves, typically less than 2 mm w ide, with a leathery to succulent texture, and lacking a raised central vein or margins, are specialized in the genus. Associated finely fibrous corm tunics, spikes of 1-3 flowers, and when present, short, thread-like lateral branches, usually bearing 1 or 2 flowers, provide supporting evidence that the group is monophyletic.  I. capillaris as interpreted until now. comprises four species, three of them new and described here, and the large-flowered I. pauciflora includes two species, one of these described here. While I. capillaris has a branched stem, radially symmetric flowers with a penanth tube (4—)5—7(—8) mm long, tepals 11-15 mm long and thus substantially exceeding the tube, filaments typically exserted 1-2 mm. and anthers (3—)4—5 mm long. I. exiliflora has a tube 8-10 mm long and ± as long as the tepals, included filaments, and anthers 3.5—4.0 mm long. The new  I. dieramoides also has included filaments but a perianth tube 13—18(—22) mm long and tepals 11-18 mm long. A third new species. I. reclinata has large flowers with a tube 13-15 mm long, tepals 16-21 mm long, and unilateral, decimate stamens with the filaments exserted 8-10 mm. and anthers 4-5 mm long. Typical  I. pauciflora has flowers with unilateral stamens and filaments exserted 2-6 mm from the flower and anthers prominently displayed, but specimens until now included in that species w ith short, included filaments 3-5 mm long and anthers half included in the tube, are here regarded as I. dieramoides. The I. capillaris group astreated here, now includes five species.
CELASTRACEAE
Authors: Jordaan M.
Published: July 2015

A NEW SPECIES OF GYMNOSPORIA FROM SOUTH AFRICA AND SWAZILAND
BEGONIACEAE
Authors: Crouch N. R. , McLellan T.
Published: July 2015

BEGONIA SONDERIANA, A NEW KWAZULU-NATAL RECORD FROM THE SOUTHERN LEBOMBO RANGE, MAPUTALAND, SOUTHAFRICA
New species of Moraea (Iridaceae: Iridoideae), with range extensions and miscellaneous notes for southern African species
Authors: Goldblatt P. , Manning J. C.
Published: July 2015

Three new species are described in the largely sub-Saharan genus Moraea Mill. (± 200 spp.), all from its centre of diversity in the winter rainfall region of southern Africa. Moraea pearsonii, from Hottentotskloof near Ceres in Western Cape, flowers in late November and December when its leaves are ± dry, and has small, pale lilac, stellate flowers with the style branches each divided to the base into filiform arms.  Moraea tanquana, from the Tankwa River Basin in Northern Cape, resembles the southern Namaqualand M. deserticola but has broad, plane leaves, short anthers exserted from a shallower floral cup and a short style. In section Acaules, M. longipes from Namaqualand stands out in its early flowering habit, a stem consisting of a single long intemode reaching well above the ground, short style and unusually long anthers. Moraea jarmilae described from Ox Bow, Lesotho in 2002, is conspecific with M. albicuspa and is reduced to synonymy. Significant range extensions are reported for M. elsiae, M. falcifolia, M. pseudospicata, M. spathulata, M. tricolor, M. vegeta, M. verecunda, M. vespertina and M. vlokii. A yellow-flowered morph, local in the Perdebont Valley of the Little Karoo, is reported for the first time in typically blue- to violet-flowered M. bipartita, as well as the occurrence of a hybrid swarm, rare in Moraea, between M. bipartita and M. polyanthos.
A revision of Fumariaceae (Fumarioideae) in southern Africa, including naturalized taxa
Authors: Manning J. C. , Goldblatt P. , Forest F.
Published: July 2015

The native and naturalized species of Fumariaceae in southern Africa are reviewed, and keys and full descriptions are provided. All relevant regional synonyms are given and the indigenous species are illustrated. Three native genera with four species are recognized. The previously taxonomically unplaced genus Cysticapnos Mill. (3 spp.) is included with two other monotypic native South African genera, Discocapnos Cham. Schltdl. and  Trigonocapnos Schltr., in an enlarged circum­scription of subtribe Discocapninae, which is morphologically defined by tendrilliferous leaves and mostly sessile racemes with the lowermost flower basal. Two subspecies are recognized in Cysticapnos vesicaria (E.Mey. ex Bemh.) Lidén, subsp. vesicaria with fewer, smaller flowers and subsp. namaquensis J.C.Manning Goldblatt for plants from Namaqualand with more numerous, often larger flowers. C.  parviflora Lidén appears to be nothing more than a dwarf-fruited form of C. vesicaria, in which heterocarpy has long been known. C. pruinosa (E.Mey. ex Bemh.) Lidén is recorded for the first time to be a short-lived perennial and not an annual, thus unique in the tribe Fumarieae. Discocapnos mundii var.  dregei Harv. from the southern Cape is treated as subsp. dregei (Harv.) J.C.Manning Goldblatt on account of its slightly smaller fruits and significant geographical disjunction from subsp. mundii. Three introduced species are included, Fumaria capreolata L., F. muralis Sond. ex W.D.Koch subsp.  muralis and F. parviflora Lam. var. parviflora, although only the last two appear to be truly naturalized.
Two new species of Nemesia (Scrophulariaceae) from arid areas of the Northern Cape, South Africa
Authors: Steiner K. E.
Published: July 2015

Two new annual species of Nemesia Vent, are described from southern Africa. Nemesia suaveolens is characterized by magenta and yellow flowers. It differs from the closely related N. euryceras by having a lower lip that is yellow rather than white with pale violet margins, an upper lip with a conspicuous yellow rectangular patch just above the corolla opening, a spur that is ± equal to the length of the lower lip, not half the length, and a hypochile that is yellow rather than dark violet.This new species is known only from the arid Tanqua Karoo east of the Cedarberg Mountains. N. aurantia is characterized by orange saccate flowers with a brown and orange bearded palate. It is closest to N. versicolor, but differs from that species by its orange corolla, the absence of a spur, and its bearded palate with brown and orange trichomes. It is known from a single locality adjacent to the Swart Doting River in Namaqualand between Nuwerus and Garies.
Taxonomy and phylogeny of two subgroups of Pelargonium section Otidia (Geraniaceae). 1. The Pelargonium carnosum complex
Authors: Becker M. , Albers F.
Published: July 2015

This contribution deals with the taxonomy and phylogeny of the  Pelargonium carnosum complex, a group of closely related taxa of Pelargonium L’Hér. section  Otidia (Sweet) DC. (Geraniaceae) that is distributed in the winter rainfall area of South Africa. According to molecular analyses via AFLP, P. adriaanii M.Becker F.AIbers,  P. carnosum (L.) L’Uér., P.  ferulaceum (C'av.) Willd. and P. polycephalum (E.Mey. ex Harv.) R.Knuth form a monophyletic clade. Although hybridization may occur between the taxa, three are assigned to specific rank. The fourth taxon, P. ferulaceum is recognized as a subspecies ot'P carnosum. As is implied from the occurrence of morphological intermediates and partly from molecular evidence,hybridization does not only occur among the taxa in this complex but also involves species closely related to this group  (P. panifiorum J.C.Wendl., P. laxum (Sweet) G.Don, P. dasyphyllum R.Knuth). For the taxa in the P. carnosum complex, distribution areas are delineated and diagnostic features that have until now remained obscure, are outlined.
A review of the genus Curtisia (Curtisiaceae)
Authors: Yembaturova E. YU , Van Wyk B-E. , Tilney P. M.
Published: July 2015

A review of the monotypic southern African endemic genus Curtisia Aiton is presented. Detailed studies of the fruit and seed structure provided new evidence in support of a close relationship between the family Curtisiaceae and Comaceae. Comparisons with several other members of the Comales revealed carpological similarities to certain species of Comus s.I., sometimes treated as segregate genera Dendrobenthamia Hutch, and Benthamidia Spach. We also provide information on the history of the assegai tree, Curtisia dentata (Burm.f.) C.A.Sm. and its uses, as well as a formal taxonomic revision, including nomenclature, typification, detailed description and geographical distribution.
Asphodelaceae: Alooideae - formalizing the synonymy of Bulbine triebneri
Authors: Klopper R. R. , Smith G. F.
Published: July 2015

Asphodelaceae: Alooideae - formalizing the synonymy of Bulbine triebneri
Campanulaceae: Theilera Robusta, the correct name for Theilera Capensis
Authors: Cupido C. N.
Published: July 2015

Campanulaceae: Theilera Robusta, the correct name for Theilera Capensis
Ebenaceae: Typification and a new status in diospyros
Authors: Jordaan M.
Published: July 2015

No abstract available.
Thymelaeaceae: The true identity of Synaptolepis Kirkii
Authors: Jordaan M. , Bredenkamp C. L.
Published: July 2015

Thymelaeaceae: The true identity of Synaptolepis Kirkii
New records of pteridophytes from Annobón Island
Authors: Figueiredo E. , Gascoigne A. , Roux J. P.
Published: July 2015

Eight new records of pteridophytes are listed for the flora of Annobón (Equatorial Guinea). Specimen information is provided for 12 literature-based records in the Flora de Guinea Ecuatorial. An account of pteridophyte collecting on the island is provided. Pteridophyte diversity in Annobón is updated to 49 species.
RANUNCULACEAE
Authors: Manning J. C. , Goldblatt P. , Hoot S. B.
Published: July 2015

THE GENUS KNOWLTONIA SUBSUMED WITHIN ANEMONE
HYACINTHACEAE
Authors: Manning J. C. , Styles D. G. A. , Crouch N. R.
Published: July 2015

A NEW SUBSPECIES OF PSEUDOPROSPERO FIRMIFOLIUM (HYACINTHOIDEAE) FROM KWAZULU-NATAL
POACEAE
Authors: Fish L.
Published: July 2015

A NEW SUBSPECIES OF TRICHONEURA ELEUSINOIDES AND TWO NEW SPECIES OF PANICUM FROM SOUTH AFRICA
The South African Species of Rhus L.
Authors: Schonland S.
Published: July 2015

No abstract available
South African Gramineae.
Authors: Stent Sydney M.
Published: July 2015

Some new species of Digitaria.