bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hubungan Dokter Pasien sesuai Harapan Konsil Kedokteran Indonesia Tinjauan pada Profesi Dokter
Authors: Siswosaputro Andy Yok , Herawati Dahlia
Published: January 2017

Latar Belakang. Pelayanan medis oleh dokter mupun dokter gigiberpedoman pada Undang-Undang dan etika yang pada hakekatnya untuk melindungi masyarakat. Konsil Kedokteran Indonesia (KKI) bertugas menjaga kualitas pelayanan medis sebagai upaya perlindungan kepada masyarakat penggunya, dalam pelaksanaan Undang-Undang no 29 tahun 2004 tentang Praktek Kedokteran. Fungsi pengawasan KKI meliputi pembinaan terhadap penyelenggaraan praktek kedokteran, terutama dalam rangka mempertahankan profesionalisme dan peningkatan mutu pelayanan medis. Selain itu KKI juga mensosialisasikan hal-hal yang berhubungan dengan dokter dan pelayanan kesehatan pada masyarakat luas. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah agar dokter-dokter gigi dapat memahami dan melaksanakan tindakan kedokteran sesuai harapan KKI dalam rangka membina hubungan dokter dengan pasie. Tinjauan Pustaka. Hubungan yang baik antara dokter dan pasien akan berjalan baik jika dokter memahami pada 1. Esensi hubungan dokter-pasien; 2. Aspek hukum hubungan dokter-pasien; 3. Kesetaraan dalam hubungan dokter-pasien; 4. Persetujuan tindakan kedokteran. Kesimpulan. Dokter dituntut bersikap bijaksana, memperlakukan pasien penuh tanggung jawab secara etika maupun keilmuan. Background. Medical services by a physician or dentist referring to the Law and ethics in truth to protect society. Konsil Kedokteran Indonesia (KKI) working preserve the quality of medical services in an attempt to cover user communities, in the implementation of Law No 29 of 2004 on the Practice of Medicine. KKI oversight functions include the construction of maintenance medical practice, especially in order to maintain proessionalism and improving the quality of medical services. Additionally KKI also socialize matters relating to doctors and health services in the community. The purpose of this paper is that doctors/dentists can understand and implement the medical actions appropiate expectations KKI in order to foster the relationship between doctor and patient. Review of Literature. Good relationship between doctor and patient will work well if the doctor understands the 1. Essence of the doctor-patient relationship; 2. Legal aspects of the doctor-patient relationship; 3. Equality in the doctor-patient relationship; 4. Medical consent. Conclusion. Physicians are required to be wise, treat patients with ethically responsible and science.
Pengaruh Ozonated Water sebagai Antiseptik dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Staphilococcus Aureus (in vitro)
Authors: Kristanti Yulita , Dessy D.
Published: January 2017

Latar Belakang. Penelitian seputar ozonazed water akhir-akhir ini cukup banyak diminati karena bahan ini mempunyai potensi antibakteria yang menjanjikan. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh ozonated water pada pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus Aureus. Metode Penelitian. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara mencampurkan 1 ml larutan bakteri 106 CFU/ml dengan 10 ml ozonated water konsentrasi 4 ppm selama 10 detik (kelompok I), 20 detik (kelompok II), 30 detik  (kelompok III), dan 40 detik (kelompok IV), akuades (kontrol negatif) kemudian semua diencerkan dengan akuabides 10ml. selanjutnya dari masing-masing kelompok diambil 0,01 ml untuk ditanam pada MHA, inkubasi 24 jam pada suhu 370 C dalam anaerobic jar kemudian dilakikan perhitungan koloni. Data dianalisis dengan Avana satu jalur dilanjutkan dengan uji LSD. Hasil. Avana satu jalur memperlihatkan adanya perbedaan yang bermakna antar kelompok perlakuan. Uji LSD menunjukkan perbedaan rerarta yang bermakna (p<0,05) antar kelompok I, II, III, IV dengan kelompok V (akuedes) terdapat perbedaan rerata yang bermakna antara kelompok I dan kelompok VI (iod). Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok II, III, IV terdapat kelompok VI (oid). Uji korelasi Produk Momen Pearson menunjukkan adanya korelasi negatif yang sangat kuat. Kesimpulan. Ozonated Water 4 ppm memiliki daya antibakreri dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Staphylococcus Aureus. Semakin lama waktu kontak, daya anti bakterinya semakain besar. Background. Some previous research show that the antibacterial effect of ozonated water is very promi-sing. The aim of this study was to know the antibacterial effect of ozonated water on staphylococcus aureus. Method. One ml of 106 CFU/ ml S. aureus suspension was mixed with 10 ml ozonated water for 10 second (group I), 20 second (group II), 30 second (group III), 40 second (group IV)As negative control S. aureus was mixed with aquadest (group V), and as positive control S. aureus was mixed with iod (groupVI). Furthermore, 0,01 ml from each group was cultivated on MHA, incubated for 24 hours-37C followed by colony caunting. Data was analyzed using one way anova followed by LSD. Result. One way anova show significant difference among the group and LSD test show significant mean different between group I, II, III, IV, and V. Significant difference can also be seen between group I and V. No significant difference between group II, III, IV and VI. Product momen test show strong negative correlation. Conclusion. Ozonated water 4 ppm has antibacterial effect on S. aureus. The longer the contact time, the stronger the antibacterial effect.
Pleomorfik Adenoma pada Palatum
Authors: Hasan Cahya Yustisia , Rahmat Muhammad Masykur
Published: January 2017

Latar Belakang: Pleomorfik adenoma (mixed tumor) adalah tumor kelenjar ludah yang paling sering terjadi (65%) pada kelenjar ludah mayor dan minor. Lokasi intraoral yang paling sering ditemukan adalah palatum. Tujuan: membahas gambaran klinis dan penatalaksanaan pleomorfik adenoma pada platinum. Kasus: dilaporkan 2 buah kasus pleomorfik adenoma pada palatum. Kasus pertama seorang laki-laki usia 29 tahun dengan benjolan pada palatum kanan ukuran 3x2 cm, konsistensi kenyal, berbatas tegas, warna seperti jaringan sekitar dan tidak nyeri. Pasien pernah menjalani operasi pada palatum kanan pada tahun 2005, dan kira-kira 3 tahun setelah operasi benjolan tersebut kambuh di tempat yang sama. Hasil biopsi aspirasi jarum halus adalah mixed tumor. Kasus kedua seorang wanita 22 tahun dengan benjolan pada palatum kiri ukuran 2x1,5 cm, timbul sejak 3 tahu yang lalu, warna seperti jaringan sekitar, konsistensi kenyal, dan tidak nyeri. Riwayat pesien menggunakan kontrasepsi hormonal. Hasil biopsi condong pada adenoma pleomorfik dengan bagian onkositik adenoma dan clear sel adenoma. Penatalaksanaan: dilakukan eksisi luas di bawah anestesi umum pada kedua kasus tersebut, dengan batas 1 cm dari tepi lesi pada jaringan sehat. Kesimpulan : telah dilakukan eksisi luas untuk penanganan kedua kasus pleomorfik adenoma dan palatum. Tidak di temukan rekurensi 1 tahun setelah operasi (kasus 1) dan 2 tahun setelah operasi (kasus 2). Blackground: pleomorphic adenoma (mixed tumor) is the most common tumor of the salivary glands (65%) of the major dan minor salivary glands. Palatum is the most common site in intraoral. Purpose: to elaborate clinical feature and management of pleomophic adenoma of palate. Cases: we reported 2 cases pleomorphic adenoma of palate. The first case was a29 years old male patient with a swelling at the right side of the palate, 3x2 cm sized mass, rubbery in consistency, well demarcated, pinkish in color, and pain less. He had undergone an operation at the right palate in 2005, but 3 years after the operation he got reccurence. The result of fine needle aspiration biopsy was mixed tumor. The second case was fermale 22 years old patient with a swelling at the left side of palate, 2x1,5 cm sized mass, was present 3 years before coming to the clinic, pinkish color, rubbery consistency and painless. She has been using hormonal contraception. The result of incisional biopsy was pleomorphic adenoma with the oncocityc adenoma part and clear cell adenoma. Management: widw exicion was performed under general anesthesia in both cases, with a limit 1 cm clinical margin at its periphery. Conclusion: both patients with pleomorphic adenoma ao palate were treated by wide excision. No recurrence were observed in 1 year (firs case) and 2 years (second case) after the surgery.
Exfoliative Cheilitis dan Penatalaksanaannya
Authors: Agustina Dewi , Subagyo Goeno
Published: January 2017

Latar Belakang: Exfoliative cheilitis adalah suatu keadaan inflamatori kronis superfisisal yang ditandai dengan adanya pengelupasan permukaankeratin bibir sedangkan area yang lain terjadi pembentukan lapisan keratin. Tujuan: untuk melaporkan suatu  kasus Exfoliative cheilitis yang diikuti +  selama 2 bulan beserta penatalaksanaanya. Laporan kasus: seorang wanita berusia 52 tahun mengeluh bibir bawahnya pecah-pecah, terasa kering dan panas berdasarkan pemeriksaan subyektif dan klinis, Exfoliative cheilitis ditetapkan sebagai diagnosis kerja. Penatalaksanaanya: Komunikasi-Informasi-Edukasi (KIE) diberikan kepada pasien pada awal kunjungan disertai pemberian metil prednisolon, Vitamin B1,6,12 dan anjuran untuk menghentikan kebiasaan menjilat-jilat bibir bawah, menghindari stress dan meningkatkan asupan makanan yang mengandung vitamin A. Pada kunjungna berikutnya pemberian metil prednisolon dihentikan karena terdeteksi adanya peningkatan tekanan darah. Untuk selanjutnya kondisi bibir bawah dievaluasi +  selama 2 bulan. Kesimpulan: Progresitas Exfoliative cheilitis dapat dihentikan dengan bantuan KIE serta menghindari faktor pemicu stress, yang pada akhirnya akan dapat meminimalisir aktivitas factitious berupa menjilat-jilat bibir bawah.  Background: Exfoliative cheilitis is a chronic superficial inflammatory condition that is characterized by regular peeling of a superficial excessive layer of karatin, on the other hand, keratinization is developed in the other area. Aim: to report an Exfoliative cheilitis case monitored for two months and its management. Case Report: a 52 year female has been suffering from fissured lower lip with dry and burning sensations. According to subjective and clinical examinations, Exfoliative cheilitis was determined as the working diagnosis. Management: Communication-Information-Education (CIE) were given to the patient at the first visit, besides metyl prednisolon and vitamin B1,6,12 administrations. Patient was also suggested to stop licking the lower lip, to avoid any stress and to increase vitamin A containing food. For the next visit, metyl prednisolon administration was stopped since increasing blood pressure detected. Then, evaluation to the lower lip was conducted during around two months. Conclusion: Progression of exfoliative cheilitis can be stopped by CIE and stress avoidance, in turn, factitious activity (licking the lower lip) can be minimalized.
Perawatan Maloklusi Kelas 1 Angle dengan Agenese Gigi 12, 14, 34, 44 dan Gangguan Sendi Temporomandibular dengan Alat Ortodontik Cekat Teknik Begg Disertai Pemakaian Trainer For Braces
Authors: Mahayeni Komang Sri , Iman Prihandini
Published: January 2017

Background: TMJ disorder is define as a condition of acute or chronic inflammation of TMJ in association with mandibular, myofunctional condition, teeth malposition and or malocclusion. TMJ disorder could lead to significant pain and anatomical damage. There are signs and symptoms of TMJ disorder, such as devition of jaw movement, clicking when openingor close the jaw, mastication disorder and decreasing interincisal distance. Purpose: To describe the result of orthodontic treatment with begg technique and trainer for braces on angle’s class I malocclusion with agenese involving 12, 14, 34, and 44 along with TMJ disorder and bad habit which is one side mastication. Case: 19 years old female complaining limited mouth opening, pain on the right side of TMJ when opening the mouth and when chewing hard food and also complaining of multiple diastema on upper and lower teeth. Diagnose : Angle’s class I with  bidental protrusive, 3mm midline midline shifting  to the left side, agenese involving 12,13,34,44, and one side mastication. Treatment : Patient treated witg begg technique and braces which is wear 1 hour at day time distance, and feel comfort when chewing hard  foord  and after 24 months of treatment with fixed begg appliance, malposition and interdigitation are corrected.
Terapi Bedah Flep dan Cangkok Tulang pada Periodontitis Agresif di Regio Gigi Anterior Mandibula
Authors: Mulya Levina , Masulili Sri Lelyati C
Published: January 2017

Background: Aggressive periodentitis is a multifactorial disease that usuallyOccurs at a young age with the disease spreading fast and found the bacteria. Commonly aggressive periodontitis associated with hereditary factors and lack of immune system so as to reveal any family history with the same disease, and found savere alveolar bone destruction that may ultimately lead to tooth loss. Aggressive periodontitis and generalized aggressive periodontitis. The development of aggressive periodontitis is difficult to predict, so the mechanical therapy is not sufficient, and required antibiotic therapy or surgical therapy. Aim: the purpose of this case report is to explain the procedures and result of surgical treatment of the flap surgery with bone graft in anterior teeth of the patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis. Case report: Cases one and two with complaints of anterior teeth mobility. On clinical examination teeth mobility two and three degree, absolute pocket depth 4-6 mm. Radiograpic examination bone loss reached one third apical in all region. The diagnosis of both cases in generalized aggressive periodontitis. Treatment: After initial theraphy heve been evaluated, flap surgery with bone graft done in booth cases. Control evaluation after 6 month from surgery, in clinically reduced pocket depth 1-2m and tooth mobility, in radiographically increased bone height and bone fill. Conclusion: Flap surgery with bone graft in generalized aggressive periodontitis can assist periodontal regeneration.
Burning Mouth Syndrome pada wanita Menopause dengan Hiposalivasi, Coated Tongue dan Gangguan Pengecapan serta Penatalaksanaannya
Authors: Hadiati Sri
Published: January 2017

Blackground: Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a disorder that is characterized by a burning sensation of the oral cavity in the absence of visible local or systemic abnormalities. Affected patient often present with multiple oral complaints, including burning, dryness and taste alterations. The exact cause of burning mouth syndrome often is difficult to pin point. Conditions that have been reported in association with burning mouth syndrome include menopause, hyposlivation, coated tongue, taste alterations and psychologic condition. Objective: To report a case of burning mouth syndrome in postmenopausal women with hyposalivation, coated tongue, taste alterations and psychologic condition and its management. Case and management: a case of burning mouth syndrome in women with menopause, hyposalivation, coated tongue, and taste alterations, was managed effectively by gabapentin 100mg, probiotic chewing gum, diazepam 2mg and vitamin B1, B6, B12. Conclusion: Oral burning appears to be most prevalent in postmenopausal women often present with multiple oral complaints, including burning, dryness and taste alterations, in this case was managed effectively by gabapentin 100mg, prebiotic chewing gum, diazepam 2mg and vitamin B1, B6, B12.
Apeksifikasi pada Gigi Insisivus Kanan Maksila dengan Mineral Trioxide Aggregate
Authors: Widiadnyani Ni Kadek Eka , Mulyawati Ema
Published: January 2017

Trauma pada gigi permanen imatur non vital dengan apikal terbuka sering terjadi dan melibatkan kurang lebih 30% populasi anak. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) adalah bahan pilihan terbaik yang dipakai sebagai bahan apeksifikasi untuk pembentukan apikal barrier dan penyembuhan pada gigi imatur. Tujuan laporan kasus adalah untuk melaporkan keberhasilan penutupan apikal dengan menggunakan MTA pada gigi permanen insisivus non vital dengan apikal terbuka yang diakibatkan trauma. Pasien perempuan 18 tahun dengan keluhan gigi depan atas kanan patah dan berubah warna. Kejadian trauma sejak 6 tahun yang lalu karena jatuh dari sepeda. Pemeriksaan klinis, gigi non vital dengan fraktur Ellis klas IV disertai apikal terbuka dan diskolorasi oleh karena trauma. Periapikal radiografis menunjukkan apikal masih terbuka dengan saluran akar yang besar serta terdapat radiolusensi periapikal. Apeksifikasi dilakukan dengan MTA dilanjutkandengan  pemasangan pasak pita fiber, pembuatan inti dan restorasi mahkota jaket porselin fusi metal. Simpulan hasil perawatan menunjukkan bahwa apeksifikasi dengan MTA dapat mempersingkat waktu kunjungan dengan pembentukan barier apikal yang merangsang penyembuhan dan dapat langsung dilanjutkan dengan restorasi akhir.Apexification With Mineral Trioxide Aggregate In Right Maxillary Incisor. Traumatic injury in non-vital immature permanent teeth with open apex is common, and it comprises approximately 30% of the pediatric population. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is the best material to be used as an ingredient for apexification procedure for apical calcific barrier formation and healing. The aim of the present case study is to overview the successful closure of root apex in pulpless permanent incisors with wide open apices as a consequence of trauma using MTA. The examination was conducted to an 18 year-old female patient who complained about her broken and discolored right upper front teeth. The traumatic injury of her teeth had happened since 6 years ago after she fell from bike. On clinical examination, she suffered from non-vital teeth with fracture Ellis class IV, apex open and discoloration accompanied by trauma. Periapical radiographic evaluation showed that root formation with wide open apices with root canal was large and indicated a periapical radiolucency. Therefore, apexification with MTA was performed followed by ribbon fiber-reinforced, core making and restoration of full crown porcelain fusion metal. From the treatment, it can be concluded that the time visit for apexification treatment using MTA is shortened, and MTA can heal and stimulate apical barrier formation immediately after final restoration.
Perawatan Kaninus Maksila Ektopik dengan L Loop pada Alat Cekat Teknik Begg
Authors: Prahastuti Novarini , Hardjono Soekarsono , Pudyani Pinandi Sri
Published: January 2017

Gigi kaninus berperan penting dalam kestabilan serta perkembangan bentuk lengkung gigi, fungsi oklusi dan kesimetrisan profil wajah. Kaninus maksila walaupun ektopik dalam perencanaan perawatan ortodontik biasanya keberadaannya tetap dipertahankan, sehingga perlu dikoreksi. Koreksi kaninus maksila ektopik membutuhkan gaya untuk mengekstrusi sekaligus distalisasi gigi tersebut. Tekukan L loop pada   wire dapat memberikan gaya ke arah vertikal - horisontal pada gigi secara bersamaan. Perawatan ortodontik dengan alat cekat teknik Begg dapat mengkoreksi malposisi gigi dengan gaya yang ringan  tanpa membutuhkan waktu lama pada tahap I. Tujuan. memaparkan hasil perawatan kaninus maksila ektopik dengan L loop pada alat cekat teknik Begg. Perempuan 28 th mengeluhkan gigi-giginya berjejal dan gingsul  sehingga mengganggu penampilan dan mengurangi rasa percaya diri. Diagnosis: Maloklusi Angle Klas I tipe skeletal klas II dengan retrognatik bimaksiler, bidental protrusif, shalow bite  dan midline mandibula bergeser ke kanan 1 mm disertai crossbite, openbite serta malposisi gigi. Penanganan dilakukan menggunakan alat cekat teknik Begg dengan pencabutan 4 gigi premolar pertama. L loop pada wire dibuat untuk koreksi kaninus maksila ektopik pada tahap I perawatan Kesimpulan dari hasil perawatan menunjukkan perbaikan malrelasi, gigi berjejal, overjet dan overbite. L loop pada alat cekat teknik Begg dapat digunakan untuk mengkoreksi kaninus maksila ektopik dengan gaya yang ringan. Maj Ked Gi; Desember 2013; 20(2): 208-216.
Perawatan Maloklusi Kelas I Bimaksiler Protrusi disertai Gigi Berdesakan dan Pergeseran Midline menggunakan Teknik Begg
Authors: Rahmawati Erna , Hardjono Soekarsono
Published: January 2017

Maloklusi Angle kelas I  dengan bimaksiler protrusi merupakan maloklusi yang paling sering dijumpai. Kelainan yang banyak menyertai maloklusi kelas I bimaksiler protrusi adalah gigi depan berdesakan dan pergeseran midline.  Adanya persepsi negatif di masyarakat terhadap gigi dan bibir yang protrusi mendorong pasien untuk melakukan perawatan ortodontik. Perawatan pada kasus ini bertujuan untuk  mengurangi kecembungan wajah dengan meretraksi gigi anterior atas maupun bawah, mengoreksi midline rahang atas dan bawah serta gigi berdesakan anterior dengan perawatan ortodontik teknik Begg sehingga dapat memperbaiki estetik wajah.  Pasien wanita usia  34 tahun mengeluhkan gigi depan atas dan bawah sangat berdesakan dan pasien mengalami  kesulitan dalam menutup mulut. Diagnosis pasien adalah Maloklusi Angle kelas I dengan bimaksiler protrusi disertai gigi berdesakan anterior, pergeseran midline rahang atas dan rahang bawah. Pasien dirawat menggunakan alat cekat teknik Begg. Sebelum perawatan dilakukan pencabutan gigi premolar pertama rahang bawah kanan dan kiri dan rahang atas kanan. Pada rahang atas kiri dilakukan pencabutan gigi insisivus lateral yang berada diluar lengkung. Kesimpulan perawatan setelah 2 tahun terlihat bimaksiler protrusi, gigi berdesakan anterior dan midline terkoreksi.
Perawatan Ulang Saluran Akar Insisivus Lateralis Kiri Maksila dengan Medikamen Kalsium Hidroksida-Chlorhexidine
Authors: Ariani Ni Gusti Ayu , Hadriyanto Wignyo
Published: January 2017

Banyak faktor yang menyebabkan kegagalan terapi endodontik antara lain pembersihan dan membentuk saluran akar yang tidak sempurna dan obturasi tidak hermetis sehingga menyebabkan kurangnya kemampuan untuk menghilangkan mikroorganisme yang ada. Saluran akar yang terinfeksi membutuhkan suatu medikamen untuk menunjang keberhasilan dalam perawatan saluran akar.Kalsium hidroksida merupakan salah satu bahan medikamen yang efektif karena memiliki sifat antibakteri dengan spektrum luas, pH tinggi, biokompatibilitas baik, mampu menetralkan endotoksin bakteri, memiliki sifat toksik yang paling rendah, serta menstimulasi pembentukan jaringan keras. Tujuan laporan kasus untuk menunjukan keberhasilan perawatan ulang saluran akar gigi insisivus lateralis kiri maksila dengan lesi periapikal menggunakan medikamen kalsium hidroksida- chlorhexidine. Pasien wanita umur 53 tahun, gigi insisivus lateralis kiri maksila dengan lesi periapikal.Radiografi tampak obturasi kurang hermetis dan radiolusen daerah periapikal. Perawatan ulang saluran akar,diikuti pemasangan pasak fiber frefabricated dan restorasi porselin fuse metal.Keseimpulan setelah evaluasi setelah enam bulan pasca perawatan ulang saluran akar, radiografi menunjukan radiolusen mengecil dan gigi dapat berfungsi dengan normal.Re-Treatment of Root Canal of Maxillary Left Lateral Incisor with Calcium Hydroxide-Chlorhexidine Medicament. There are many factors that cause failure of endodontic therapy. For instances, incomplete cleaning and shaping of root canal and inadequate obturation that results in difficulty to remove the microorganisms. Infected root canal requires a medicament for the success of the root canal treatment. Calcium hydroxide is one of the effective ingredients as medicament because it has broad spectrum antibacterial properties, high pH, good biocompatibility, and it is able to neutralize bacterial endotoxins, decrease tissue toxicity, and stimulate the formation of hard tissue. The purpose of this case report is to show the success of root canal treatment of the left maxillary lateral incisor with periapical lesions using calcium hydroxide-chlorhexidine medicaments. The patient was a woman aged 53, complaining about her left maxillary lateral incisor with periapical lesion. Based on the radiographic evaluation, there was less hermetic obturation and a radiolucent in the periapical. Root canal re-treatment was continued with fiber prefabricated post and porcelain fused to metal crown. After six months of evaluation and endodontic retreatment, it is found that there is a decrease of radiolucency periapical lesion, and her teeth are able to function normally.
Restorasi Resin Komposit Menggunakan Pasak Tapered Self Threading Pada Molar Ketiga Kiri Mandibula
Authors: Krisanti Ellen , Untara Tri Endra
Published: January 2017

Morfologi saluran akar gigi molar mandibula ketiga memiliki variasi yang lebih kompleks dibandingkan gigi molar lainnya.   Pada gigi molar ketiga sering dilakukan pencabutan, namun dalam keadaan tertentu gigi molar ketiga dapat dipertahankan. Perawatan saluran akar satu kunjungan merupakan pilihan untuk terapi kasus ini. Tujuan laporan kasus ini untuk memperlihatkan keberhasilan dari perawatan saluran akar satu kunjungan pada gigi molar ketiga nekrosis pulpa disertai restorasi resin komposit dengan pasak tapered self theading. Pasien wanita 20 tahun datang ke RSGM Prof Soedomo FKG UGM dengan keluhan sakit saat pengunyahan pada gigi molar ketiga dan positif pada perkusi. Gambaran radiografis menunjukkan restorasi yang tidak sempurna, terdapat celah antara kavitas dengan restorasi. Rencana perawatan pada kasus ini, perawatan saluran akar satu kunjungan dan resin komposit dengan pasak tapered self threading sebagai restorasi akhir. Kesimpulan dari perawatan saluran akar satu kunjungan memiliki rekontaminasi mikroorganisme yang lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan multi kunjungan sehingga menjamin keberhasilan perawatannya. Restorasi resin komposit secara direkdengan pasak tapered self threadingmerupakan restorasi alternatif pasca perawatan endodontikkarena lebih cepat dan kuat.Composite Resin Restoration Using Tapered Self Threading Poston Left Mandibular Third Molar. Root canal morphology of mandibular third molar has more complex variation than the other molars. In third molar, the extraction teeth are often executed; however, the third molar can be maintained in other conditions. One visit root canal treatment is a therapy option for this case. The purpose of this case report is to show the success of one visit root canal treatment in third molar with pulp necrosis by restoring the composite resin through tapered self-treading post. A 20 year-old female patient who came to the Prof Soedomo RSGM, FKG UGM complained about the pain when chewing food on her third molar and positive in percussion. The radiographs showed that there was an incomplete restoration. There was a gap between cavities with restoration. The treatment plan for this case was one visit root canal treatment and composite resin with tapered self-threading post as final restoration. From the case, it can concluded that one visit root canal treatment results in a smaller chance for microorganism recontamination than the multi-visit in order to ensure the success of the treatment. Direct composite resin restoration with tapered self-threading dowel is an alternative restoration after endodontic treatment because it works out faster and more retentive.
Restorasi Fiber Reinforced Composite Pada Gigi Premolar Pertama Kanan Mandibula Pasca Perawatan Saluran Akar
Authors: Dhamayanti Intan , Nugraheni Tunjung
Published: January 2017

Gigi yang telah dilakukan perawatan saluran akar membutuhkan restorasi yang tepat untuk mencegah terjadinya fraktur. Restorasi menggunakan fiber reinforced composite (FRC) memiliki resistensi yang tinggi terhadap fraktur dan estetiknya memuaskan. Laporan kasus ini bertujuan melaporkan restorasi menggunakan FRC pada gigi premolar pertama kanan mandibula pasca perawatan saluran akar. Pada kasus ini, pasien wanita 35 tahun, gigi premolar pertama kanan mandibula mengalami nekrosis pulpa. Untuk mengatasi kasus ini dilakukan perawatan saluran akar dengan metode crown down dan obturasi dengan single cone. Restorasi menggunakan FRC dibuat sebagai restorasi akhir. Kesimpulan penanganan kasus, restorasi menggunakan FRC dapat menjadi pilihan restorasi pada gigi premolar pertama kanan mandibula pasca perawatan saluran akar.Fiber Reinforced Composite Restoration on Right Mandibular First Premolar Tooth after Root Canal Treatment. Endodontically treated tooth requires precise restoration that can prevent fracture. Restoration using fiber reinforced composite (FRC) has high resistance to the fracture and aesthetical satisfaction. This case report aims to describe the restoration using FRC on right mandibular first premolar tooth after root canal treatment. In this case, the patient was a 35 year-old woman who suffered from pulp necrosis on her right mandibular first premolar tooth. To treat this case, root canal treatment with crown down method and single cone’s obturation was done. Restoration using FRC is made as the final restoration. From treatment, it can be concluded that restoration using FRC can be an option for restoration of right mandibular first premolar tooth after root canal treatment
Pengambilan Lentulo Patah Pada Perawatan Saluran Akar Gigi Molar Satu Kiri Bawah Nekrosis Pulpa
Authors: Syafri Muhammad , Nugraheni Tunjung
Published: January 2017

Selama prosedur preparasi saluran akar, kemungkinan patahnya instrumen selalu ada. Saat ini instrumen yang patah dapat dikeluarkan dengan menggunakan alat ultrasonik seperti jarum Miller yang dihubungkan dengan tip ultrasonik endo, selain itu diperlukan juga akses dan visibilitas yang baik sehingga memudahkan operator untuk mengeluarkan instrumen yang patah tersebut. Tujuan laporan kasus ini adalah untuk melaporkan keberhasilan pengambilan  lentulo patah di dalam saluran akar menggunakan jarum miller yang dihubungkan dengan tip ultrasonik endo dikombinasikan dengan hedstroem no 25. Dalam makalah ini dilaporkan satu kasus perawatan saluran akar gigi molar satu kiri bawah pulpitis irreversibel pada pasien wanita 20 tahun, namun terjadi patah lentulo saat pengaplikasian bahan sterilisasi saluran akar. Pengambilan lentulo berhasil dilakukan pada kunjungan kedua dengan menggunakan jarum miller yang dihubungkan dengan tip ultrasonik endo serta hedstroem file no 25. Visibilitas didapatkan dengan melakukan coronal flaring menggunakan heroshaper dari mikro mega yang dihubungkan dengan alat rotary. Setelah 1 minggu, gigi diobturasi dengan teknik single cone pada saluran akar distal dan teknik kondensasi lateral pada saluran akar mesiobukal dan mesiolingual. Pada kunjungan berikutnya, gigi direstorasi dengan resin komposit disertai pasak dentatus screw. Setelah 2 bulan diamati secara radiografis dan klinis, tidak ada keluhan dari pasien.Broken Lentulo Removal During Root Canal Treatment On The First Molar Mandible Sinistra With Pulp Necrosis. During root canal preparation procedure, there is always potential for instrument breakage. Nowadays, broken instruments can be removed using ultrasonic instruments such as a needle miller connected to endo ultrasonic tip, but it needs good access and visibility in order to make it easier for the operator to remove the broken instruments. The aim of this case report is to present the successful removal of a broken lentulo left in a root canal by using smooth broach connected to a ultrasonic endo tip combined with an hedstroem file no 25. This paper reports a case of molar root canal treatment of the lower left irreversible pulpitis in 20 year-old female patient, but the incident of broken lentulo occured while applying root canal medicament. The effort to remove lentulo was successful on the second visits using a needle miller connected to endo ultrasonic tip and headstrom file no 25. Visibility was obtained by using a coronal flaring of micro mega hero shaper associated with the rotary tool. In the following week, the teeth was obturated with single cone technique on the distal root canal applying the lateral condensation technique on mesiolingual and mesiobuccal root canal. In the next visit, the teeth were restored with composite resin with dowel dentatus screw. After 2 months of being observed radiographically and clinically, there is no more complaint from the patient
Perawatan Impaksi Gigi Premolar Pertama Mandibula Pada Maloklusi Angle Klas II Divisi 2 Subdivisi Dengan Teknik Be
Authors: Kusumasmara Apreka Tigor , Ardhana Wayan , Christnawati Christnawati
Published: January 2017

Impaksi gigi terjadi karena gigi gagal untuk erupsi secara sempurna pada posisinya akibat terhalang oleh gigi lain maupun jaringan lunak atau padat di sekitarnya. Gigi yang sering mengalami impaksi adalah gigi geraham ketiga rahang bawah, gigi kaninus rahang atas, dan gigi premolar kedua. Impaksi premolar sering terjadi karena pencabutan prematur dari gig geraham desidui. Gigi premolar pertama jarang terjadi impaksi dibandingkan premolar kedua. Tujuan laporan kasus adalah untuk memaparkan penatalaksanaan perawatan untuk mengkoreksi impaksi gigi premolar pertama mandibula menggunakan alat cekat teknik Begg tanpa prosedur bedah. Pria 21 tahun mengeluhkan gigi yang berjejal pada rahang atas dan rahang bawah. Gigi kaninus desidui kiri rahang atas dan rahang bawah belum tanggal. Diagnosis pasien adalah Maloklusi Angle Klas II  divisi 2 bimaksiler protrusif dengan hubungan skeletal klas II, gigi anterior maksila retrusif, disertai impaksi gigi premolar pertama mandibula kiri. Perawatan dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat cekat teknik Begg dan pencabutan gigi desidui, Kesimpulan, impaksi gigi premolar pertama mandibula dapat tercapai pada tahap pertama teknik Begg tanpa pendekatan tindakan bedah, tahap selanjutnya yang akan dicapai adalah tahap memperbaiki inklinasi aksial gigi.Treatment Of Class II Division 2 Angle Malocclusion With Mandibular Premolar Tooth Impaction Using Begg Technique. Tooth impaction is a tooth that fails to erupt perfectly to its position because of the other tooth, surrounding soft or hard tissue that blocks its eruption. Premolar often fails to erupt due to a premature extraction of deciduous molar. This case study aims to illustrate the treatment of mandibular first premolar impaction using Begg technique for fixed appliance. The experiment was conducted to a 21 year-old male patient who complained about his crowding of upper and lower teeth, also the persistence of his upper and lower left deciduous canine. The case was diagnosed as class II division 2 angle malocclusion with bimaxillary protrusion with class II skeletal relation, and maxillary anterior teeth retrusion. The left mandibular of first premolar teeth was impacted. The treatment using Begg technique has helped to fix the appliance with the extraction of the deciduous teeth. From the evaluation, it can be concluded that the treatment of impacted mandibular first premolar is achieved on the first stage of Begg technique without surgical approach. The next objective of the treatment is to correct the teeth axis.
Perawatan Teknik Begg Pada Maloklusi Klas I Dengan Kaninus Impaksi dan Insisivus Lateral Agenesis
Authors: Gunawan Kristina Wijaya , Ardhana Wayan , Christnawati Christnawati
Published: January 2017

Impaksi kaninus maksila sering dijumpai pada sisi palatal daripada labial. Agenesis adalah anomali pertumbuhan akibat tidak ada satu atau lebih benih gigi. Laporan kasus ini bertujuan memaparkan kemajuan perawatan kasus Maloklusi klas I dengan kaninus impaksi dan insisivus lateral agenesis menggunakan alat cekat teknik Begg. Seorang pasien usia 20 tahun datang mengeluhkan gigi-gigi depan atas dan bawah yang berjejal sehingga mengganggu penampilan. Perawatan bertujuan untuk koreksi Maloklusi Angle klas I tipe dentoskeletal dengan deepbite, crossbite gigi 25 terhadap 35, pergeseran midline dental maksila dan mandibula ke kanan sebesar 2,5 mm dan 3,0 mm, 13 impaksi vertikal pada sisi labial, 42 agenesis, dan edentulous parsial regio 36. Koreksi dilakukan dengan pencabutan 14, 25, pemanfaatan ruang bekas pencabutan 36 dan exposure gigi kaninus yang impaksi. Tahap pertama teknik Begg adalah leveling, unraveling, dan bite opening, diikuti dengan koreksi midline dan penutupan sisa ruang bekas pencabutan. Kesimpulan: perawataan ortodontik menggunakan teknik Begg yang dilakukan simultan dengan exposure kaninus impaksi labial dengan closed eruption technique dapat memberikan hasil yang memuaskan.Treatment for Class I Malocclusion with Impacted Canine and Agenesis Lateral Incisor Using Begg Technique. Maxillary canine impaction occurs commonly on the palatal than labial side. Agenesis is a developmental anomaly condition because of the absence of one or more tooth buds. This case report aims to explain the treatment progress of class I malocclusion with impacted canine and agenesis lateral incisor using fixed appliance through Begg technique. A 20-year-old female patient complained about her upper and lower anterior dental crowding that disturbed her appearance. The treatment aims to correct the Angle class I malocclusion dentoskeletal types with deepbite, crossbite 25 to 35, maxillary and mandibulary dental midline shift to the right by 2.5 mm and 3.0 mm, 13 labially vertical impacted, 42 agenesis, and partial edentulous 36. The correction was obtained through extraction 14 and 25, and the use of former space from extraction 36 and exposure of impacted canine. The first step of treatment using Begg technique is to leveling, unraveling, and bite opening. The second step is midline correction and space closure. Finally, it can be concluded that orthodontic treatment using Begg technique which is done simultaneously and exposure of labial- canine impaction with closed eruption technique can give satisfactory results.
Presentación
Authors: Velásquez Óscar
Published: January 2017

El I Simposio Patrístico de Antofagasta, espléndidamente organizado por la Dra. Eva Reyes y los miembros del Instituto Superior de Ciencias Religiosas de la Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, ha sido una oportunidad para diversos estudiosos de la patrística de compartir sus investigaciones, conversar con todo tipo de miembros de la academia, y conocer a personas del ámbito. El tema central del amor, la amistad y la virtud –que marcó las diversas ponencias entre el 14-16 de junio de 2016– dio un especial impulso a la presentación de estudios sobre el pensamiento de diversos Padres en estas materias. Estas quedaron inscritas en el programa, como el estudio sobre la Prima Clementis, del Dr. Felipe Pardo; sobre Tertuliano, del Dr. Eduardo Oliveira; sobre Atanasio de Alejandría, del Dr. Samuel Fernández; sobre Dionisio el Areopagita, de la Dra. Anneliese Meis. Orígenes fue el autor en la ponencia del Mg. Fernando Soler. Asimismo, se presentaron re?exiones sobre aspectos de la Iglesia primitiva, a cargo del Dr. Rodrigo Polanco, o de Padres de la Iglesia de los siglos IV-V, del Dr. Pawel Wygralak. San Agustín de Hipona fue el Padre examinado en la ponencia del Mg. Peter Downes, en la del Lic. profesor Ignacio López, y del Dr. Oscar Velásquez; y Boecio, en la del Dr. Gerald Cresta. En la mesa de presentación de últimos trabajos de investigación, expuso asimismo el Mg. Oscar Gayoso.The I Patristic Symposium of Antofagasta, organized by Dr. Eva Reyes and the members of the High Institute of Religious Sciences of Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, has been an oportunity to patristics scholars to share their researches, talk with members of the academia, and to know people on the area. The main topic of love, friendship and virtue - that marked the lectures between June 14 and 16 of 2016- gave a special impulse to the presentations of studies on the thought of different Fathers, on this matters. Like the study on Prima Clementis, by Dr. Felipe Pardo; on Tertulianus, by Dr. Eduardo Oliveira; on Athanasius of Alexandria, by Dr. Samuel Fernández; on Dionysius the Areopagite, by Dr. Anneliese Meis. Origen was the author on the lecture by Mg. Fernando Soler. Also, there was reflections on aspects of the primitive Church, by Dr. Rodrigo Polanco, or on Fathers of the Church in IV-V centuries, by Dr. Pawel Wygralak. Saint Augustine of Hippo was the Father on the lecture by Mg. Peter Downes, and also on Bc. Ignacio López and Dr. Oscar Velásquez; and Boethius, on Dr. Gerald Cresta's. On the presentation table on the last researches, Mg. Oscar Gayoso also exposed.
Boecio: conocimiento intelectible y fundamento divino. Notas sobre el amor al bien como estructura metafísica de los entes.
Authors: Cresta Gerald
Published: January 2017

Boethius distinguishes knowledge directed to the objects of reason (intelligible) from knowledge referring to the objects of pure thought (intellectible). This difference entails a type of knowledge understood as love to God as, on the one hand, every entity seeks the good with an ontological purpose; on the other hand, Boethius identifes the unity of God with the transcendental truth and good. The innate knowledge of God, which is the intellectible par excellence, coincides with the natural tendency oriented to the origin in which it is possible to fnd perfect happiness and beatitude. 
This paper analyzes Boethius’ proposal of intellectible concepts as a contribution to a broader understanding of the transcendental concepts of being, on the basis of a participation ontology enriching the formal-categorial ontology used as the fundamentals of sciences.
Familia cristiana como la comunidad del amor y de la responsabilidad. Reflexiones de los padres de Capadocia.
Authors: Wygralak Pawel
Published: January 2017

The article presents the teaching of the Cappadocian Fathers on the subject of the family as a community of love and mutual responsibility. The basis for the study is formed by the selected works of Basil the Great, Gregory of Nazianzus, Gregory of Nyssa and Asterius of Amasea - for the most part, the testimonies of their family life where they were raised. According to their concept, the love that joins a family community should have its foundation in the love of God. The Fathers underscore that all members of the family are responsible for each other. What plays an important role in the upbringing of children is the parents’ example. It should be noted that the teaching of the Cappadocian Fathers presents the picture of a perfect family. Yet it makes for a good model in the formation of all Christian families.
Socio-economic risk factors of foreign land acquisition in a developing country
Authors: Augustine Ujunwa , Okoyeuzu Chinwe , Igwe Anthony , Ukpere Wilfred Isioma
Published: January 2017

Large investment in African land has generated serious interest among academicians, policy makers, international and local development agencies as well as civil organization. The debates centre on the phenomenal trajectory and the drivers of this investment in Africa. The inaccuracy or ambiguities in number of deals and institutional specificities has brought in the main, the need to undertake country by country study of foreign land deals in agricultural investment. To suggest vital information that will aid policy formulation and deliberation at country level, the study is on Congo-Brazzaville. This paper explores the factors that influenced foreign land acquisition in Congo, the impact of such investment on the host communities, and faults the decision of the government to make the attraction of foreign investment in agriculture a priority without fashioning out institutional framework that will regulate the investors and promote market discipline. Based on the above, the paper recommends strategies the government should earnestly pursue to mitigate the negativities of the investment and leverage on the benefits of commercial farming in the country, especially, in the area of skill transfer.
Networking optical antenna of space laser communication
Authors: Zhang Tao , Mao Shan , Fu Qiang , Cao Guixing , Su Shi , Jiang Huilin
Published: January 2017

Laser communication network technology has not been broken through and it needs to meet the demands of “high-speed, real-time, dynamic and big range” among platforms, which seriously restricts large-scale engineering application and space network system. To solve the problem of communication platform for networking, a new solution based on rotating parabolic model and a new scheme of laser communication networking antenna system has been put forward in the paper. Depending on the operation mode of the system, multiple mathematical optimization models have been established. Tracking communication range, emission energy efficiency, and receiving energy efficiency have been analyzed and optimized. Relationship among opening up and low apertures, lens unit aperture, focal length of lens unit as well as rotating parabolic focal length have been analyzed. After preliminary optimized design of the system, demand of three satellites in 1000 km, 360° circumferential range, pitch range greater than 20° under the condition of network communication can be reached. Under the background of three LEO (low earth orbit) satellites within 1000 km distance of 2.5 Gbps rate in networking, communication link energy is analyzed and calculated to meet the smallest and the lightest of laser emission energy. Relationship between track angle and receiving as well as emission energy is analyzed. Conclusions can promote various fields of engineering, large-scale applications, and updated generations.
Os visigodos: de saqueadores de Roma a padrão de nobreza
Authors: Feldman Sergio Alberto
Published: January 2017

O artigo reflete sobre a construção do conceito de nobreza em relação aos visigodos pelo clero ibérico, em especial, pelo bispo Isidoro de Sevilha, bem como a associação dos visigodos à identidade cristã, à nobreza e à monarquia. Descreve a transformação dos conceitos de civilização e barbárie, esta última associada, inicialmente, a todos os povos germânicos, e a gradual mudança da imagem dos visigodos, que se transformam em defensores da fé, nobres e pilar da identidade cristã hispânica.
Coruche e as suas gentes na Idade Média
Authors: Araújo Julieta
Published: January 2017

As terras de Coruche e as suas gentes assistiram durante a Idade Média a várias disputas, mas neste trabalho vamos apenas salientar alguns episódios que ocorreram entre muçulmanos e cristãos, ou, entre Portugal e Castela.
O casamento nas leis, costumes e estilos portugueses
Authors: Campos Alzira Lobo de Arruda , Gomes Marcos Cardoso , Gomes Maria Helena Scalabrin Cardoso
Published: January 2017

O estudo do casamento em Portugal possui notáveis analogias com as normas e os comportamentos sociais sobre a mesma instituição vigente no Brasil. Do ponto de vista legal, Igreja e Coroa se uniam na política comum de aumentar a população, observando regras destinadas a conservar o statu quo social, posto em risco, se os indivíduos passassem a fazer escolhas de parceiros, ao arrepio da tábua social de valores. Por meio da legislação, mas também de documentos provindos da cultura popular, é possível conhecer o processo que levava as pessoas a se unirem conjugalmente a outras, suas iguais, sob as bênçãos de Deus e do Rei, em terras lusitanas.
As artes da guerra: antes e depois de pombal. América portuguesa no século XVIII
Authors: Mello Christiane Figueiredo Pagano de
Published: January 2017

Este artigo busca analisar a segunda metade do século XVIII na América Portuguesa como constituída por duas concepções simultâneas de poder e de espaço: de um lado, a do governo da metrópole e seus representantes ultramarinos, com suas exigências centralizadoras; de outro, a comunidade local da colônia, organizada de acordo com uma lógica fundamentalmente local, isto é, corporativa. Temos como objetivo demonstrar que, diferentes concepções político-territoriais resultam em diversas estratégias de defesa militar. E quando inseridas nas necessidades práticas da efetivação de planos estarão sujeitas a inúmeros confrontos entre si e também serão compelidas a negociarem na busca de possíveis consonâncias.