bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CURRENT PROBLEMS OF RAPPROCHEMENT OF THE EAST AND WEST OF GERMANY
Authors:   Institute of Europe, RAS, Kotov Alexander
Published: August 2023

The paper describes actual problem of socio-economic inequality between the East and West of Germany. We examine the analysis of sociological differences between parts of the country in terms of the results of German unity policies, the introduction of coronavirus restrictions, technological equipment and economic potential. All those issues are considered with key works of German literature of recent years on understanding the contradiction «East-West». It is determined that the ongoing intellectual attempts have not overcome the split in the country. Additionally, we examine the federal government’s concept of a «new look to the East» was explored. The results show that as an independent region, for which the western part of the country does not serve as an indisputable reference point. Most likely, in fact, this approach has shifted the focus from the traditionally important internal chronic shortages of new lands in economic power, labor, infrastructure and technology. This problem is particularly relevant in connection with the lack of representation of people from East Germany in key positions in many areas of society and politics. This explains why its that these issues will be considered in a special concept of the federal government, adopted at the beginning of 2023. The second part of the state's efforts is related to changes in approaches to the implementation of regional policy in the country and financing of measures to improve the economic structures of the regions. The author concludes that they are synchronized with the tasks of ensuring energy security and accelerating the transformation at oil refineries and ports in eastern Germany after the cessation of oil and gas supplies from Russia. In this regard, we consider that the continuation of the polycrisis in the country makes a decisive contribution to the growing disillusionment of East Germans in politics. On the example of this analyses, we obtained that they do not reject democracy as such, but are much more critical of political actions than the population of the western part of Germany.
TRANSFORMATION OF COLONIAL EXPERIENCE REFLECTION IN THE BELGIAN PUBLIC DISCOURSE
Authors:   Institute of Europe, RAS, Oskolkov Petr , Sivov Dmitry ,   Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia
Published: August 2023

In the article, the dynamics in the perception of the Belgian colonial experience in Congo are examined on the evidence of public discourse produced by public political actors in contemporary Belgium. Apart from the universally accepted postcolonial and decolonial optics, the authors suggest employing the five stages of grief model by Kübler-Ross, widespread in psychoanalysis. The concluding stage of acceptance took place in the 2020s caused mainly by public demand; it was performatively landmarked by the return of the Congolese prime minister's remains to his homeland. The authors demonstrate the complexity of the common historical experience reflection in the European and African states and the necessity of this reflection for the dynamic development of bilateral and multilateral ties.
HASS AVOCADO LEAVES: OPTIMIZATION OF MICROWAVE-ASSISTED EXTRACTION PARAMETERS, PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS, ANTIOXIDANT, AND ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITIES
Authors: KURT Nevriye , AYDIN Ebru , ÖZKAN Gülcan
Published: August 2023

Avocado leaves, typically considered as pruning residues, possess a significant amount of bioactive compounds. This research aimed to optimize the extraction of phenolic compounds from Hass avocado leaves using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and response surface method (RSM). The extraction yield and total phenolic content (TPC) were maximized by determining the optimal process conditions, which were found to be 47°C for 5 minutes and a solid/solvent ratio of 1.13 g dry leaf/100 mL, respectively. The predicted values of all models were found to be statistically significant (p <0.001). The aqueous extracts' antidiabetic and antioxidant activities were 64.59% and 235.6 mg TE/100 g, respectively. The amount of TPC was 591.76 μg GAE/g extract, and chlorogenic acid was the main phenolic component. These results indicated that MAE proved efficient with low energy consumption, yielding phenolic-rich avocado leaf extracts, which possess high antioxidant and antidiabetic activities.
Individual Differences in Vulnerability Factors for Anxiety Disorders: A Study on the Acquisition, Extinction, and Renewal of Avoidance, and the Concomitant Dynamics of Relief
Authors: Cobos Pedro L. , Valle Tania M. , Quintero María J. , López Francisco J.
Published: August 2023

We conducted an experiment to assess the role of trait anxiety (TA) and prospective intolerance of uncertainty (P-IU) in the extinction and renewal of avoidance and distress. In this experiment, we used an extinction procedure in which making the avoidance response did not prevent participants from noticing that the US did not follow warning stimuli. Renewal was assessed through a re-extinction phase conducted in a context different from that used in the acquisition and extinction phases. Our dependent measures included participants’ scores on P-IU and TA, the frequency of avoidance responses per trial, and participants’ post-trial relief ratings (used to infer the degree of distress suffered during the previous trial). We found that higher P-IU scores were associated with heightened relief ratings to a safety signal that had never been followed by the US in the avoidance acquisition phase, and with an overall less steep reduction in relief ratings during the re-extinction phase. Increased TA was associated with heightened avoidance frequency in safety-signal trials during the avoidance acquisition phase, along with a less steep overall reduction in frequency of avoidance responses and slower extinction in the extinction phase. Our results were inconclusive regarding individual differences in the renewal effect. In general, our results provide evidence for the role of individual differences in vulnerability factors for pathological anxiety in the acquisition and extinction of avoidance and relief.
Forum—Centering Discomfort in Global Music History
Authors: Law (Convenor) Hedy , Bloechl Olivia , Perea Jessica Bissett , Carrico Alexandria , Wangpaiboonkit Parkorn , Palomino Pablo , Castro Pantoja Daniel F.
Published: August 2023

This forum presents a conversation among seven scholars who explore the theme of discomfort in the emergent field of global music history. Prompted by Yvonne Liao and Olivia Bloechl, co-founders of the American Musicology Society’s Global Music History Study Group in 2019, these contributions address ideas of globality by decentering knowledge production and productively engage different ways to resist hegemonic pasts, narratives, and processes entrenched at home, whatever and wherever home may be. This forum thus confronts home-based challenges that resist or obstruct the implementation of this decentering principle: What does it mean to locate a “home” and to identify various “discomforts” in the global musical and sonic spheres? How does the thinking of “home” relative to “discomfort” help to theorize the concepts of agency, locality, temporality, community, regionalism, and nationality?

All seven articles share one structural feature––an extensive self-introduction in the spirit of Jessica Bissett Perea’s call for “intertribal visiting protocols” developed by critical Indigenous studies. This grounds each contribution by exposing the contingency of arguments and allows for a weaving of themes of space, boundary, and interconnection across articles. The forum’s topics range from world-making to relationality, from cripping musical taste to making Siamese music legible to colonial ears, and from listening for political taboos to problematizing “Latin American” music and theorizing intimacy through the notion of “scale” itself. Writing with candor, all contributors bring global music history into uncomfortable terrains.
Estudio de factibilidad para un sistema de manejo de desechos orgánicos y eliminación de gastos logísticos
Authors: Villalobos Fabián
Published: August 2023

En el municipio de Chía, los principales generadores de contaminación de las fuentes hídricas y del suelo son los desechos sólidos generados por las empresas que trabajan en sectores como los cultivos de flores y en trabajos de paisajismo y poda. Este artículo plantea un estudio de factibilidad para la empresa SANVAL DE COLOMBIA LTDA., ubicada en la localidad de Chía, que desarrolla sus actividades en poda, jardinería y paisajismo en la misma localidad realizando un análisis de costos, análisis multicriterio por medio del método AHP y TOPSIS y análisis de variables usando la herramienta MIC MAC. Con ello, se plantean estrategias de manejo de los residuos orgánicos por medio de logística inversa
Propuesta de formación e-learning para el mejoramiento de competencias laborales técnicas en el personal de soldadura del sector metalmecánico en Colombia
Authors: Esteban Ojeda Catherine , Delgado Candia Vicky
Published: August 2023

Se desarrolló una estrategia para mejorar las competencias laborales técnicas, que requiere el personal de soldadura del sector metalmecánico en Colombia, mediante una propuesta (curso) de formación virtual (e-learning), bajo el modelo instruccional ADDIE (análisis, diseño, desarrollo, implementación y evaluación) en su construcción y ejecución. Así mismo, es importante resaltar que los programas de formación actuales son en su gran mayoría presenciales.

Durante el análisis, se hizo la revisión de la bibliografía, esencial en el diagnóstico de las competencias laborales técnicas. En las fases de diseño y desarrollo, las dinámicas giraron alrededor del conocimiento, la motivación frente al aprendizaje autónomo y la dimensión pedagógica como base. En la implementación y la evaluación, las actividades se integraron en la secuencia didáctica, midiendo la eficacia y eficiencia de la formación.

Al finalizar, se identificó que la propuesta (curso) e-learning es el adecuado para la formación virtual. Las respuestas de los participantes en la encuesta final y el juicio del experto confirmaron la contribución al progreso de las competencias técnicas, lo que condujo a una mejoría en su productividad y competitividad en este sector del país.
Instrumental motivation and Reading goals: Case study of Spanish L2 learners in Chile
Authors: Soliman Maha
Published: August 2023

Teaching-learning process involves reading texts to construct knowledge. In this context, a certain pedagogical goal is chosen to guide the reading and the way of interacting with texts. Somehow, this interaction used to be attributed to the intrinsic or internal motivation of the reader. However, instrumental motivation to learn a second language was not considered as an influential factor in reading assignments. Objective: Hence, the aim of this investigation is to explore the relationship between instrumental learning motivation and the reading goals of both the learner and the institution hosting the reading activity. Methodology: A qualitative case study has been applied and data were collected from four courses belonging to a Spanish L2 student exchange program in Chile during the first semester of 2019. Results: The results of Nvivo 12 analysis suggest that students learn Spanish for practical reasons that do not match with specific or complex reading content assigned in class by professors. Conclusion: Didactic material should engage students and be coherent with their language proficiency level to guarantee efficient learning process.
Articulación de la escuela y el contexto: un caso de la modelación del precio del lulo (solanum quitoense) desde el aula de clase
Authors: Pérez Perdomo Juan Pablo , Mora Delgado Jairo
Published: August 2023

El objetivo del artículo es describir el proceso de modelación matemática desarrollado en el aula de clases durante dos añosescolares, años que comprende la educación media en Colombia, este tipo de propuestas son escasas y poco implementadas en laescuela; esta investigación se aborda desde un enfoque cualitativo; describiendo, interpretando y comprendiendo todo el proceso desde la observación, interacción, producción escrita y oral desde el aula de clase para el caso del precio del lulo en Colombia, este proceso es realizado como un ejercicio de aula; dentro de sus principales resultados se encuentra la articulación de los contenidos escolares con el contexto de los estudiantes y en el cual se describen los diferentes momentos que se evoca al enfrentar el caso del precio del lulo en Colombia; lo anterior, permitiendo captar el interés de los estudiantes durante todo el proceso, logrando identificar la articulación de los contenidos escolares al enfrentar la solución del problema y describir cada uno de los momentos de la modelación matemática desde la perspectiva de Blum.
Emergentes en educación superior, competencias blandas y específicas de la enseñanza de la lengua castellana en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Parra Méndez César Augusto , Pineda Romero Margarita María , Santos Méndez Diego Julián
Published: August 2023

Esta investigación muestra la importancia de las pedagogías emergentes en educación superior que integran saberes, transversalizando competencias blandas y específicas para la enseñanza de las humanidades y Lengua Castellana. El objetivo consistió en desarrollar la dimensión estética y expresiva de la enseñanza de la dramática en tiempos de pandemia en el marco de la atención educativa remota mediada por las TICs implementada en Colombia, como una herramienta que puede ser arteterapéutica en los estudiantes de la Universidad de Pamplona de la Licenciatura en Humanidades y Lengua Castellana del curso de dramática que involucró sus entornos familiares y sociales cercanos. El enfoque metodológico que sustenta este proyecto es cualitativo, procesual, utilizando la espiral metodológica: investigación acción educativa, formativa, interconectada con los métodos específicos de la videocreación y el arte escénico, concretada en análisis del contexto, reconstrucciones anecdóticas de experiencias, producción textual, creación audiovisual y la respectiva evaluación del proceso. A partir de esta investigación en el aula se permitió reconocer las bondades de las pedagogías emergentes al igual que los beneficios del arte terapia y la video creación para mejorar y reforzar el bienestar físico, mental y emocional de los estudiantes durante el periodo de aislamiento de la pandemia de la Covid 19.
Estrategia didáctica para la construcción de competencias ciudadanas mediante el uso de las TIC y de los saberes intergeneracionales
Authors: Parra Contreras María Isabel , Gómez Martínez María Trinidad , Moreno Cubides Wilson , Pinilla Elluz Tatiana
Published: August 2023

El objetivo general del proyecto fue aplicar una estrategia didáctica para promover la construcción de competencias ciudadanas en estudiantes de educación básica de dos municipios santandereanos con vocación agrícola y población rural, a partir de la investigación sobre saberes intergeneracionales con apoyo de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación. La metodología de corte cualitativo, permitió contemplar la investigación educativa como un proceso de búsqueda de opciones que iluminan la práctica pedagógica.  En la primera fase se caracterizaron las estrategias didácticas implementadas por docentes de la región; a partir de entrevistas y el análisis de los registros de  guías y cuadernos de estudiantes en tiempos de aislamiento preventivo y alternancia; en la segunda fase se diseñó la estrategia con la participación de docentes; en la tercera fase se aplicó la estrategia en tres aulas; la última fase consistió en el proceso de reflexión sobre los resultados obtenidos.  Entre los principales resultados se encuentra el paso a paso de la estrategia didáctica, aplicada en tres aulas de clase y a partir de la cual se promovió la investigación sobre los saberes tradicionales de la región. Como conclusiones se presenta la necesidad de seguir capacitando y acercando, tanto a docentes como estudiantes rurales, a las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación y al uso educativo de los aparatos electrónicos disponibles; el trabajo en comunidad y a partir de temas del entorno cercano es una oportunidad para conectar a los estudiantes con sus familias, sus saberes, y aprovechar didácticamente el celular.
A Conformable Inverse Problem with Constant Delay
Authors: Sa'idu Auwalu , Koyunbakan Hikmet
Published: August 2023

This paper aims to express the solution of an inverse Sturm-Liouville problem with constant delay using a conformable derivative operator under mixed boundary conditions. For the problem, we stated and proved the specification of the spectrum. The asymptotics of the eigenvalues of the problem was obtained and the solutions were extended to the Regge-type boundary value problem. As such, a new result, as an extension of the classical Sturm-Liouville problem to the fractional phenomenon, has been achieved. The uniqueness theorem for the solution of the inverse problem is proved in different cases within the interval (0,π). The results in the classical case of this problem can be obtained at α=1. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification. 34L20,34B24,34L30.
Adolescent sexuality and problems of sex education in Ukraine
Authors:   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University 4, Svobody Sq., Kharkiv, 61122, Ukraine, Kyslova O. M. , Nikolaievska A. M. ,   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University 4, Svobody Sq., Kharkiv, 61122, Ukraine
Published: August 2023

The article dwells on analysing the main trends characterizing the sexual life of modern teenagers using the example of Ukrainian high school students. The authors present an overview of scientific approaches to the study of sexual life, in particular, sociological studies of the sexual behaviour of young people in the West and modern Ukraine. The paper draws attention to some of the consequences of the “sexual revolution” regarding the impact on sexual health (HIV/AIDS; sexually transmitted diseases; teenage abortions, sexual violence, etc.). The analysis of features inherent in the modern sexual behaviour of adolescents (frequency of sexual contacts; the number of sexual partners; age and gender characteristics of sexual behaviour of respondents) is based on the results of three representative sociological studies among schoolchildren in Kharkiv and Kharkiv region (1999 and 2013) and four regions of Ukraine (2021). Sociologists of V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University and the Sociological Association of Ukraine carried out these studies. Such characteristics of social behaviour as “age of sexual debut” and the dynamics of changes of this indicator were analyzed based on the data of Ukrainian and Western sociologists. Some negative consequences of early sexual life are described (sexual development disorders, mental disorders, sexually transmitted diseases, unwanted teenage pregnancies, teenage prostitution, etc.). Attention is paid to issues of systematic sexual education and sexual enlightenment of adolescents to preserve reproductive and sexual health. The authors analyze the role of parents, the educational process in school, and sexual education programs in the formation of safe sexual behaviour skills and a responsible attitude of adolescents to their health and the health of loved ones.
Digest of U-Report surveys: 2nd quarter of 2023 (intimate partner violence, education and migration sentiments, career guidance)
Authors:   NGO “YouthUp” 29/6, Shota Rustaveli Str., Kyiv, 01033, Ukraine, Demchuk V. S.
Published: August 2023

The paper demonstrates the results of surveys of the innovative youth project U-Report for April – June 2023: intimate partner violence, education and migration sentiments, career guidance
Rare plant gene pool of the Steppe of Ukraine in the war zone
Authors: Dubуna D. V. , Ustymenko P. M. , Vakarenko L. P. , Baranovski B. O. , Karmyzova L. O. , Ivanko I. A.
Published: August 2023

The results of field and camera studies on the collection and compilation of information on the presence of rare, endangered, and typical natural plant groups that are subject to protection in the territories of nature reserves in the war zone and occupied territories are presented. It was established that two biosphere reserves (BZ) (40% of the total number), 9 nature reserves (PZ) (45%) 10 national natural parks (NPP) (17%) and 23 regional landscape parks (RLP) (30%), 48 protected tracts (6%), 48 reserves of national importance (15%). In addition, a number of protected areas were in the war zone and have now been liberated from occupation, namely one radiation-ecological biosphere reserve, one nature reserve, 8 national natural parks, 8 regional landscape parks, 65 protected tracts, 20 nature reserves of national importance. The conducted analysis of the rare phytocenofund of Ukraine showed that in the pre-war period in the current zone of military operations and in the occupied territories there were plant groups of 58 formations and 513 associations of almost all the main types of vegetation of Ukraine (except meadow), which is 36% of formations and 52% of rare associations from of the entire rare phytocenofund of Ukraine. According to their sociological status, they are divided into 149 associations of 25 formations of rare natural plant communities that are subject to protection; 248 associations of 23 formations of natural plant groups that are under threat of extinction and subject to protection; 116 associations of 10 formations of typical natural plant communities that are subject to protection. Negative impact on natural ecosystems in the territories of the PZF. The work also provides an assessment of the negative impact on rare groups in the territories of the PZF, located in the combat zone and occupied territories.
Phytochemical study of leaves and inflorescences of two genus Sorbus L. species native for the Ukrainian flora
Authors: Lykholat Y. V. , Liashenko O. V. , Khromykh N. O.
Published: August 2023

Rowan species (genus Sorbus L., Rosaceae Juss.) are widespread in the Northern Hemisphere under different climatic and ecological conditions. Recent molecular-phylogenetic studies confirmed that genus Sorbus L. is polyphyletic and must be divided into the segregate genera. Accordingly, the native for the Ukrainian flora species Sorbus domestica L. and Sorbus torminalis (L.) Crantz., having very distant morphological features of vegetative and generative organs, must belong to different genera. In this regard we assumed the chemotaxonomic importance of the specificity in the phenolic content and composition of two indicated rowan species. Young leaves and inflorescences of S. domestica and S. torminalis were collected in Botanical Garden of Oles Honchar DNU in May 2023. Analyses of isopropanol plant extracts revealed the higher levels of total phenolic content (2.5 times), flavonoids (1.5 times) and phenolic acids content (3.2 times), as well as ferric-reducing power (1.2 times), and total antioxidant capacity (1.7 times) in leaves of S. domestica, as compared to S. torminalis leaves. In general, S. domestica leaves accumulated higher total phenols, flavonoids and phenolic acids content than the inflorescences, while the opposite ratio was found for S. torminalis. Study results confirmed the chemotaxonomic importance of polyphenols content and composition of two rowan species. However, more detailed investigations are necessary to establish the correlation between the individual phenolic compounds and the rowan species features.
Analysis and research of the state of Lake Sukorivshchyna as a result of anthropogenic influence, as well as hydroecological and geomorphological conditions of species coexistence
Authors: Poleva J. L. , Varyshkina O. O. , Demyanov V. V.
Published: August 2023

This article is devoted to the study of Lake Sukorivshchyna in the Pishchanska united rural community of Novomoskovsk district. When studying the characteristics of the lake, the landscape location, hydrochemical and hydrobiological characteristics, and the degree of their anthropogenic transformation were taken into account. In the conditions of the northern part of the steppe zone of Ukraine, lakes are located exclusively in valley-terrace landscapes, the constituent elements of which differ in the most significant biodiversity. Ecosystems of lakes, despite their considerable similarity, also have many differences: their size and shape, trophic level, and degree and nature of overgrowth with macrophytes. There are examples of typologies of continental bodies of water, including lakes, but for the steppe zone of Ukraine, where the lakes have an insignificant area, and number and ecological differences inherent in water bodies of the steppe zone, a separate typology for them has not been developed. The quality of water at all times has been and is one of the main indicators of the standard of living. Therefore, all developed societies make every effort to provide the population and economy with a sufficient amount of water of a quality that is adequate to the requirements of the consumer. Most of the water comes from natural sources – rivers, lakes, and reservoirs, the water quality of which must not only be assessed, but also predicted. Two main components are responsible for the quality of water in nature – the catchment basin and the ecological system of the water body. Each of them is located in certain conditions of geography and climate, characteristic of the region under study, which in our research is the Steppe zone of Ukraine. This article reflects the studies of Lake Sukorivshchina, and also shows the role of the location of the studied water body, and reveals the patterns of the reaction of the aquatic ecosystem to human activity, which was carried out without scientific justification and proper recommendations for action.
Honey Production in the Urals: Sweet Products of the Bitter First Post-War Years
Authors: Mamyachenkov Vladimir N. , Motrevich Vladimir P.
Published: August 2023

Introduction. The problem of the development of such a specific branch of animal husbandry as beekeeping within the boundaries of the Ural Economic Region (UER) in the first post-war years (1946–1950) is investigated. The relevance of the topic lies in the fact that the Urals was characterized by a well-developed bee industry, and the collection of honey ensured the supply of valuable products to the population and industry of the country.

Materials and Methods. The main source base of the study is the materials of the USSR CSI stored in the Russian State Archive of Economics, which made it possible to trace the development of the industry and the dynamics of honey collection in the republics and regions of the Urals for all categories of farms. The work is based on the use of a complex of methods: general scientific and special scientific (historical-genetic, historical-comparative, historical-systemic).

Results. The analysis of honey production by both public and individual sectors of agriculture of the Urals is carried out. It is emphasized that the climatic conditions of the UER as a whole in a significant part of its space cannot be considered favorable for the development of beekeeping. It is argued that the beginning of the period under study was not the most successful period of the development of the Ural beekeeping due to the just ended the Great Patriotic War. It is stated that during the war the number of apiaries and the number of bee colonies has significantly decreased. Attention is focused on the fact that in the studied five-year period for beekeeping in most regions of the Urals, there were two clearly unfavorable years – 1947 and 1950.

Discussion and Conclusion. Beekeeping is a rather specific branch of animal husbandry and agriculture in general, designed to provide the population, first of all, with its main products – honey. Due to a number of reasons, there was no significant increase in honey production in the Urals during the study period. One of the reasons mentioned was that it was in the years under study that there was a sharp and widespread increase in sugar consumption. It is established that the superiority in honey collection both in the pre-war and in the first post-war years belonged to Bashkiria, beekeeping was also well developed in the Molotov region. Most of the honey was collected by collective farms, but over the years under study, their role gradually decreased. At the same time, the role of individual farms of the population, both collective farmers and workers and employees, increased
Tensiones en la formación académica de grado entre la pandemia y la sindemia
Authors: Díaz Argueta Julio César
Published: August 2023

Introducción: Los años 2020-22 fueron críticos para el mundo debido a la pandemia por COVID-19. En la región latinoamericana evidenció la realidad, compleja y aguda, caracterizada por la pobreza, vulnerabilidades, desigualdades, exclusiones e inequidades, los recursos escasos y una crisis de sobrevivencia, con una deficiente gestión de la salud pública que transita de la pandemia a la sindemia, situación que dejó a muchas familias afectadas o sin sus seres queridos.
Objetivo: Establecer el contexto de las políticas sociales entre la pandemia y la sindemia, al identificar las tensiones en la formación académica de grado, causada por la sindemia.
Método y técnicas: El artículo tiene un alcance reflexivo y de sistematización que combina lo descriptivo e interpretativo, transita de lo abstracto a lo concreto, de lo deductivo a lo inductivo, combina lo general y lo particular. Las técnicas empleadas fueron el análisis de contenido, observación participativa, y la combinación con el testimonio de lo experimentado por estudiantes y docentes, con un enfoque crítico y participativo a través de la investigación y la docencia realizada durante la sindemia hasta la fecha.
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Trabajo Social más allá del aula: en la atención del COVID-19
Authors: Meoño Molina Rita , Quesada Méndez María Laura
Published: August 2023

Introducción: El artículo sistematiza el proceso y resultados de una experiencia entre la academia y las autoridades de Salud de Costa Rica. La iniciativa encuentra su génesis durante el año 2020, en medio de la crisis social y sanitaria enfrentada a nivel mundial debido a la Pandemia del COVID-19. Autoridades del Ministerio de Salud de la zona de San Carlos y la Escuela de Trabajo Social de la Universidad de Costa Rica acordaron una alianza para apoyar a los equipos de salud en el seguimiento de personas diagnosticadas por COVID-19 en la región.
Objetivos: Con la participación de un equipo de personas docentes, estudiantes y administrativas de la ETSoc, se asumió el desafío de sumarse activamente a los esfuerzos nacionales para detener la propagación del COVID-19 y atender a la población afectada.
Método y técnica: La atención psicosocial permitió abordar las necesidades básicas, emocionales y sociales de las personas a las que se les dio seguimiento. La entrevista estructurada realizada telefónicamente utilizando un formulario, facilitó el procesamiento y análisis de la información en tiempo real.
Resultados: El proyecto logra dar seguimiento telefónico sobre el estado de salud física y emocional de personas en cuarentena, sumándose a los esfuerzos institucionales para controlar la cadena de transmisión del COVID-19 y ofrecer primeros auxilios psicológicos a la población meta.
Conclusiones: Los resultados evidencian la pertinencia de las alianzas interinstitucionales en la atención de la emergencia nacional y el gran potencial de la acción social universitaria como actividad sustantiva de la universidad pública.
Evolution of artificial intelligence for application in contemporary materials science
Authors: Gupta Vishu , Liao Wei-keng , Choudhary Alok , Agrawal Ankit
Published: August 2023

Contemporary materials science has seen an increasing application of various artificial intelligence techniques in an attempt to accelerate the materials discovery process using forward modeling for predictive analysis and inverse modeling for optimization and design. Over the last decade or so, the increasing availability of computational power and large materials datasets has led to a continuous evolution in the complexity of the techniques used to advance the frontier. In this Review, we provide a high-level overview of the evolution of artificial intelligence in contemporary materials science for the task of materials property prediction in forward modeling. Each stage of evolution is accompanied by an outline of some of the commonly used methodologies and applications. We conclude the work by providing potential future ideas for further development of artificial intelligence in materials science to facilitate the discovery, design, and deployment workflow.

Graphical abstract
Diversification and Performance in Credit Unions: A Non-Linear Approach
Authors: Vieira Laís Karlina , Bressan Valéria Gama Fully
Published: August 2023

This study verified the existence of a non-linear relationship between diversification and the performance of Brazilian credit unions by analyzing panel data from 455 credit unions from June 2012 to December 2019. Through three regression models, estimated by the Systemic Generalized Method of Moments, it was identified that diversification has a non-linear U-shaped relationship with performance. This result demonstrates the existence of a minimum point for diversification, from which increases in diversification of financial products would provide positive effects on performance. This study stands out for bringing a curvilinear model for diversification in credit unions. This finding facilitates the understanding of which level of diversification is beneficial for the performance of credit unions, in addition to favoring the formation of strategies and analysis of the implementation of new financial products in credit unions.
Personality and Society in the Theory of Self-Organized Criticality
Authors: Zhukov Dmitry S.
Published: August 2023

Emerged in the domain of natural science, the theory of self-organized criticality (SOC) has spread to various fields over the past decades, achieving the status of an interdisciplinary paradigm. This article aims to answer three questions: Is SOC really a ubiquitous property of social reality? Does the SOC theory really substantiate the fundamental unpredictability and inevitability of social catastrophes? What contribution can the SOC theory make to clarifying the fundamental mystery of the relationship between human will and historical necessity? I performed a meta-analysis of the latest literature and summarized the results of my own case studies. So far, there is not enough empirical data to confirm that SOC is ubiquitous, although it has been proven that SOC is characteristic of many social systems—especially those in a borderline, transitional state. The SOC theory supports the idea that in some social systems for a fairly long time (even by historical standards), human will, act, and opinion can have a fundamental impact on the development of the whole of a system.
Selection parameters for improvement of yield and quality in tomatillo
Authors: Elsayed Ahmed Youssef Abdelnabi Mohamed , Hassan Bushra Amin Abdalsalam , Hassanin Abdallah Abdelazem , Zyada Hany Gamal , Ismail Hany Elsayed Mohamed , Aguilera Jorge González
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT The extended use of the same variety by farmers over successive generations and reuse of the “seeds” caused natural variability that can be a magnificent opportunity for genetic improvement of tomatillo. Two successive seasons were accomplished to select genotypes with good performance from a heterogeneous population of the local tomatillo “Balady”. The results revealed significant differences in early yield as fruit number and average fruit weight over the original population. Additionally, the results revealed a highly significant correlation between fruit set percentage and total soluble solids (TSS) at 60 days and the marketable yield with fruit length and TSS at 60 days. In conclusion, the path analysis along with heritability and selection genetic gain showed that early yield and fruit set are the two most critical component traits for fruit yield in tomatillo. In addition, the average fruit weight showed a low indirect effect on fruit yield per plant. Twenty promising genotypes were selected as a kernel for pure line development through further breeding programs.
BRAZIL AND PORTUGAL: AN ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL INCLUSION POLICIES FOR HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors: Mattei Tatiane Salete , Ferreira Elsa , Alves Lucir Reinaldo , Rego Conceição
Published: August 2023

Este artigo descreve e analisa as políticas de inclusão social no ensino superior implementadas no Brasil e em Portugal, com base na revisão da literatura e análise de conteúdo. Estas políticas visam promover condições para a melhoria do acesso, frequência e realização deste nível de ensino por parte dos grupos sociais desfavorecidos. A criação e desenvolvimento de políticas tem evoluído, em paralelo, com a diversidade de estudantes que chegam ao ensino superior. Este estudo permite concluir que as medidas adotadas em ambos os países são diferentes. Em termos de acesso, no Brasil, predominam iniciativas que buscam a equidade, atentando para a origem socioeconômica e, posteriormente, a cor e a etnia;em Portugal, medidas que consubstanciam alguma orientação favorecem os adultos já inseridos no mercado de trabalho, bem como jovens provenientes da formação profissional. As políticas de apoio à permanência mais comuns, em ambos os países, são as medidas financeiras.
Progress in Natural Killer T Cell-Based Immunotherapy for Cancer: Use of Allogeneic and Gene-Edited Cells
Authors: Aoki Takahiro , Motohashi Shinichiro
Published: August 2023

Immune cell therapy has received attention in the clinical setting. However, current chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapies require individualized manufacturing based on patient cells, resulting in high costs and long processing times. Allogeneic immune cell therapy, which involves the use of immune cells from other donors, is emerging as a promising alternative that offers multiple advantages, including off-the-shelf availability, standardized manufacturing, and potentially stronger effector functions. Natural killer T (NKT) cells are a type of T cell that can be activated without being restricted by HLA, indicating their potential use in allogeneic cell immunotherapy. They exhibit cytotoxic activity against various cancer targets. However, their low frequency in blood limits their use in ex vivo amplification for treatment. This has led researchers to focus on allogeneic NKT cells as a potential treatment agent. In this study, we review the research on NKT cell-based immunotherapy and focus on the recent progress in clinical trials related to NKT cell-based immunotherapy worldwide. NKT cell-based therapy is not limited to specific cancer types and has been investigated in many ways worldwide over the past decade. Some clinical trials targeting NKT cells have shown promising results; however, the number of trials is low compared to those using T and natural killer cells. The use of allogeneic NKT cells may revolutionize the treatment of cancer and other diseases. However, further research and clinical trials are necessary to fully understand their efficacy, safety, and long-term benefits.
A COMPACT 1 × 2 MIMO ELLIPTICAL PATCH ANTENNA FOR 5G 3.5 GHz APPLICATIONS
Authors: Sree G. Ramya , Nelaturi Suman , Reddy V. Venkateswara
Published: August 2023

For 5G 3.5 GHz applications, a compact 1×2 multiple inputs and multiple outputs (MIMO) elliptical patch antenna is proposed. An antenna that has dimensions of 21.5 × 43 × 1.6 mm3 with MIMO is constructed on a FR4 substrate with 4.4 relative permittivity. Rectangular cuts are employed on an elliptical patch, and antenna elements are arranged orthogonally to achieve a better isolation of -20.08 dB at the resonant frequency of 3.5 GHz. A 3.29-3.8 GHz bandwidth is produced below -10 dB through ground plane construction. The proposed antenna gain is 2.36 dB. The MIMO features are calculated with good results, including ECC < 0.003, DG > 9.9998, TARC < -10 dB, CCL < 0.3, and MEG.
A Multidisciplinary approach to innovations in biomedical engineering for improved patient care and well-being
Authors: Ali Mohammadiounotikandi
Published: August 2023

Biomedical engineering has experienced significant growth by combining engineering principles with biomedical sciences. This multidisciplinary approach has led to the development of innovative medical equipment, improved medical imaging techniques, advancements in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, as well as the integration of data analysis and medical informatics. These developments have the potential to enhance patient care, improve quality of life, and address healthcare challenges. Ongoing interdisciplinary cooperation and the application of scientific discoveries will continue to shape the field of biomedical engineering.
NCBI submission protocol for microbial pathogen surveillance v2
Authors: Timme Ruth
Published: August 2023

PURPOSE: Step-by-step instructions for submitting pathogen whole genome sequence data to NCBI and to the NCBI Pathogen Detection portal. This protocol covers the steps needed to establish a new NCBI submission environment for your laboratory, including the creation of new BioProject(s) and submission groups. Once these are step up, the protocol then walks through the process for submitting raw reads to SRA and sample metadata to BioSample through the Submission portal. SCOPE: for use by any laboratory submitting WGS data for bacterial pathogens, including pathogens under surveillance at NCBI Pathogen Detection. (This includes US laboratories in GenomeTrakr, NARMS, Vet-LIRN, PulseNet, and other non-US networks and submitters). For new submitters, there's quite a bit of groundwork that needs to be established before a laboratory can start its first data submission. We recommend that one person in the laboratory take a few days to get everything set up in advance of when you expect to do your first data submission. If you need a pipeline for frequent or large volume submissions, follow Step 1 to get your NCBI submission environment established, then contact gb-admin@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov to set up an account for submitting through the API. This protocol covers submissions using NCBI's Submission Portal web-interface. Version history: V9: Updated external protocol links and modified Step 2.5 to reflect the option to choose the most appropriate metadata package. V8: Corrected the multi-species umbrella project accession in Step 1.5 V7: Updated guidance for creating new BioProjects, including projects for non-targeted species V6: minor edits including updating links out to other protocols. V5: Linking directly to the metadata template guidance instead of including duplicate copies of the files in this protocol. Updated screenshot for choosing the pathogen template to reflect changes at NCBI. V4: updated screenshots to reflect NCBI submission portal changes. Updated custom BioSample template.
Using Agile in Implementing Agriculture AI Projects and Farm Management
Authors: AlJafa Hasan , László Várallyai
Published: August 2023

The world's population has been increasing rapidly at an unprecedented rate In recent decades. This increase poses significant challenges to the agricultural and farming sector. With more mouths to feed, old farming techniques can’t meet the demand. It has become increasingly crucial to adopt advanced management techniques and cutting-edge technologies to boost agricultural productivity, reduce harvesting waste and meet the growing demand for food. This necessitates a paradigm shift in managing farms and agriculture, moving from traditional methods to more innovative and efficient approaches. Two approaches that have recently gained considerable attention are Agile management and Artificial Intelligence (AI). Farmers and agricultural managers can streamline their operations, increase efficiency, and improve their decision-making capabilities by adopting Agile and AI. This paper aims to explore the unique benefits and challenges of implementing Agile management and AI technologies in the agricultural sector and provide insights into their potential to revolutionise the industry. A theoretical implementation model was created with tips and guides for implementation.
Farmers’ usage of information and communication technologies for integrated farm management: An analytical study focusing on rural households of Bangladesh
Authors: Rana Md. Masud
Published: August 2023

Agricultural farming consists of multiple components and information related to farm management is one of the crucial factors. Information and communication technologies (ICTs) provide reliable and need based information in an effective way. This study focuses on investigating the extent of ICTs usage for integrated farm management and to clarify the underlying factors in Gauripur upazila (sub-district) under Mymensingh district of Bangladesh. To achieve the purpose of the study, data were collected from 75 randomly sampled farmers using structured questionnaire. Both descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were applied to obtain the findings of the study. The findings of the study clearly revealed that the highest proportion of the farmers (46%) had the tendency to use ICTs to a moderate extent. The analytical findings from the study showed that among the socio-demographic attributes annual income, training received, access to information sources and knowledge level were significantly associated with the usage of ICTs by the farmers. The step-wise multiple regression analysis indicated that knowledge on ICT usage, annual income and access to information sources were the most influential factors affecting the usage of ICTs by the farmers. The policy implications of the study suggests paying more attention to increase the operational knowledge and access to ICTs with provision to hands-on training and economic incentives for rural poor farmers. The integrated approach combining both public and private sectors can be effective to improve the extent of ICT usage for efficient farm management.
Endophytic microorganisms of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.): biodiversity, functions and biotechnological potential
Authors: Karamova Nazira S. , Tuama Ammar A. , Stasevski Zenon
Published: August 2023

Endophytic communities represent a fascinating inner world of the plants. Endophytes are found in all plant species studied, though the number of microbial cells and their species diversity can differ a lot. The potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is economically important staple food crop, and the induction of plant resistance to various infections as well as the search for the effective eco-friendly preparations could provide higher potato yields and are very promising for modern agriculture. In this review, we focus on the biodiversity of the potato endophytes and the aspects of their functional importance and possible application in the biological control of plant pathogens. We have systematized literature data regarding the prevention of the harmful effect of pathogenic fungi, bacteria, viruses, and insects resulting from the vital activity of the endophytic microorganisms within the potato plants.