bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improved Torque Control for In-Wheel AFPMSM Drives Using Fuzzy Logic and Neuro-Fuzzy Controller
Authors: Ha Vo Thanh
Published: June 2023

This paper will present the torque control design of an AFPMSM, one stator, and one rotor, using an FLC and ANFIS in-wheels fed by a three-level T-type inverter. The Surgeon ambiguous inference file of the FLC controller is built by two input vectors, the stator current error and the derivative of the stator error. These input variables include five membership functions, Negative big (NB), Negative small (NS), Equal zero (ZE), Positive small (PS), and Positive big (PB). The FLC controller is implemented with a 5x5 matrix so that the output stator voltage of the controller is required. The ANFIS controller for the neural network-based feature set and the fuzzy system. The neural network develops the dataset on the stator current error (e) and error integral (∆e). Then, the generated dataset is fed to the fuzzy logic method, and the control rules are developed. This ANFIS controller is caused by the training and testing phases. Finally, the FLC and ANFIS torque controllers are compared with the PI controller. The correctness of the proposed control structured solution is demonstrated by the simulation results of MATLAB/SIMULINK.
An Investigation of Approaches for Enhanced Reverse Flotation of Refractory Hematite Ore
Authors: Wu Zhongxian , Huang Hao , Shao Huaizhi , Tao Dongping , Tao Youjun
Published: June 2023

As hematite ores become lower in grade, finer in grain size, and more complex in compositions, their beneficiation by froth flotation to produce the high Fe grade concentrate has become increasingly more difficult. A systematic and in-depth process mineralogy study based on the multi-element chemical and MLA analysis combined with other characterization techniques was conducted to explore the fundamental reasons for difficulties in refractory hematite flotation separation. The results show that the valuable mineral in the sample was mainly hematite and gangue mineral was primarily quartz. Hematite had a fine particle size distributed over a range of 0~45 μm with a degree of mineral liberation of 90.19%. The particle size of quartz was relatively coarse and was mainly distributed in the range of 20~150 μm with a liberation degree of only 67.72%. Unliberated quartz was mainly associated with hematite and the composite particle content was 36.44%. The rougher flotation tests produced a flotation concentrate of 66.71% TFe grade at a recovery of 65.47%. The screening analysis results with rougher flotation products indicated that the main reasons for the poor performance of rougher flotation were the serious entrainment of fine hematite particles and the difficulty in effective collection of coarse low-grade composite particles. Possible approaches for improving hematite flotation performance have been proposed based on the results from this study.
Medication Review With Follow-up for End-stage Renal Disease: Drug-Related Problems and Negative Outcomes Associated With Medication. A Systematic Review
Authors: Pereira-Céspedes Alfonso , Jiménez-Morales Alberto , Palomares-Bayo Magdalena , Martínez-Martínez Fernando , Calleja-Hernández Miguel Ángel
Published: June 2023

(1) Background: This article reviews the available scientific literature on drug-related problems and negative outcomes associated with medications identified by medication review with follow-up for end-stage renal disease and discussed with the physicians; (2) Methods: A systematic review was conducted of the scientific literature retrieved from the following databases: MEDLINE (via PubMed), Web of Science, SCOPUS, Cochrane Library: The Cochrane Central Register and Control Trials (CENTRAL) and Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe (LILACS), Medicina en Español (MEDES), and the SciELO bibliographic database (collection of scientific journals). The following terms were used as descriptors and searched in free text: "end-stage renal disease", "medication review", and "drug-related problems” and “negative outcomes associated with medication". The following limits were applied: "humans" and "adults (more than 18 years)”; (3) Results: A total of 59 references were recovered and after applying inclusion/exclusion criteria, 16 articles were selected. Of these selected articles, 15 provided information on drug-related problems and only 1 on negative outcomes associated with medications; (4) Conclusions: It can be concluded that drug-related problems and negative outcomes associated with medication affect patients with end-stage renal disease, mainly those receiving renal replacement therapy. More evidence is needed, especially on negative outcomes associated with medication.
Primary Pulmonary Carcinomas With Spindle And/or Giant Cell Features: A Review With Emphasis in Classification and Pitfalls in Diagnosis
Authors: Moran Cesar A.
Published: June 2023

Primary carcinomas of the lung are vastly represented by the conventional types of adenocarcinomas or squamous cell carcinomas. However, there are other types of non-small cell carcinomas that although uncommon represent a meaningful group that often pose a problem not only in diagnosis but also in classification. Spindle and giant cell carcinomas although uncommon primary lung carcinomas are well known to occur. Important to highlight is that current criteria are rather ambiguous and likely not up to date, which renders the classification of these tumors somewhat more obscure. In addition, with the daily use of immunohistochemical stains, the classification of these tumors may also pose a different problem in the proper allocation of these tumors. Proper classification is highly important in the selection process that takes place using such material for molecular analysis. Current molecular characteristics of these tumors is limited and lacks more in-depth studies and analysis that can provide specific targets for the treatment of patients with these tumors. The current review attempts to highlight the shortcomings in the current classification and definitions of these neoplasms as well as the more current view regarding these tumors when the use of immunohistochemical stains is employed.
Who Matters the Most? The Role of Parents, Teachers, and Peers’ Support in Adolescents’ Well-being
Authors: Fino Edita , Kapllanaj Migena , Crocetti Elisabetta , Rubini Monica
Published: June 2023

(1) Background: Adolescent well-being is a multifaceted construct embedded in family, school, and peer socialization contexts. By adopting a social-psychological perspective we test the association between three sources of support (parents, teachers, peers) and specific components of subjective well-being (cognitive, affective, global-and-domain-specific) to determine whether there is a functional specialization of the role that these crucial socialization agents play for adolescents to attain well-being in specific life domains. (2) Methods: Cross-sectional Albanian data from Wave 3 of the Children’s Worlds International Survey (www.isciweb.org) were used, including 2,339 adolescents (age range 9-13; girls = 49.3%). A structural equation model (SEM) was employed to explore associations between supportive relationships with parents, teachers, and peers and adolescent well-being. (3) Results: Findings support a functional specialization hypothesis as parental support was significantly related to global cognitive and affective well-being; teacher support was significantly related with school satisfaction; and significant relations were found between peer support and almost all well-being variables (context-free, domain-based life satisfaction and affective subjective well-being). (4) Conclusions: Findings contribute to a more nuanced understanding of the role of supportive relationships with adults and peers in adolescents’ proximal socialization contexts (family, school, peer groups) and specific components of subjective well-being.
Effects of Restoration and Conservation of Riparian vegetation on Sediment Retention in the catchment area of Corumbá IV Hydroelectric Power Plant, Brazil
Authors: Fachinelli Natália Pezzy , Pereira Jr Amaro Olimpio
Published: June 2023

The concept of ecosystem services (ESs) provides a valuable approach to communicate societies' dependence on natural ecosystems, assisting in the evaluation of measures to protect vegetation in watersheds that promote water-related ESs. Vegetation cover and land use are important factors related to the capacity of ecosystems to provide soil loss regulation and sediment retention services, which are highly relevant for sediment management in watersheds draining into reservoirs with multiple water uses. This study aims to assess the relationship between potential changes in land use and land cover and the sediment retention service provided by riparian vegetation in a watershed draining into a hydroelectric reservoir in the Brazilian Cerrado. Sediment load was selected as a physical variable that affects different water uses in reservoirs, with these uses being dependent on the quality or quantity of stored water. Scenarios were analyzed to represent landscape reconfigurations from a baseline condition in order to account for the recovery of riparian vegetation by the agricultural sector, as foreseen in the Brazilian Forest Code. To map and quantify variations in annual sediment retention, the InVEST model was used, which allows estimating an integrated response of the drainage basin to large-scale land use changes over time and space. The results show that for the drainage basin of the Corumbá IV Hydroelectric Power Plant (HPP), the recovery of riparian areas occupied by annual crops has the potential to generate greater benefits to water use in the reservoir. In the studied catchment area, 14% of the total vegetation deficit in riparian areas is occupied by crops, while 86% is occupied by pastures. This highlights the buffering role of riparian vegetation as an effective practice for managing sediment flows originating from sheet erosion in agricultural landscapes. The methodology employed in this study allows for the quantification and mapping of the effects of soil and water conservation measures in river basins. This enables the prioritization of sectoral efforts for the restoration of native vegetation, considering the highest returns in benefits perceived by water users affected by sediment input in reservoirs. The study's results reinforce the importance of conserving vegetation in riparian areas and their surroundings for sediment retention, highlighting the role of these areas as assets in providing water-related ecosystem services.
Validation of Nutritrauma strategy for detection of harmful effects of medical nutritional treatment in critically ill patients in real life
Authors: Parisi Jordi , Martínez de Lagran Itziar , Serra-Prat Mateu , Roca Maria , Merino Raquel , De la Torre Maria del Carmen , Campins Lluis , Yébenes Juan Carlos
Published: June 2023

Aims: Medical Nutritional Treatment (MNT) can be complex and associated to potential meta-bolic complications, which has been recently described as Nutritrauma. There is no data on the effect of applying this strategy in clinical practice. The aim of our work is to describe if applica-tion of Nutritrauma concept in real live is useful to detect metabolic complications associated to the prescription of MNT in critically ill patients.
Methods: In this descriptive prospective study at a single center, we enrolled 30 consecutive crit-ical ill patients of a 14 beds medical – surgical Intensive Care Unit. The Nutritrauma strategy implementation was based in four M steps: Metabolic screening, MNT prescription, Biochemical Monitoring and Nutritional Management. The primary endpoint was to describe the metabolic complications of the MNT detected with Nutritrauma strategy. Secondary endpoint was to de-scribe the most frequent causes of inappropriate prescription.
Results: We analysed 28 patients (mean age 69,7 ± 11,3 years; APACHE II 18,1 ± 8,1, SOFA 7,5 ± 3,7; Nutric Score modified 4,3 ± 2,01 and mean BMI 27,2 ± 3,8). The most frequent disease on admission was sepsis (46,4%). Length of ICU stay was 20,6 ± 15,1 days and 39,3% died during the ICU stay. Enteral nutrition (82,1%) was more frequent than parenteral nutrition (17,9%). During nutritional monitoring 54 specific analytical determinations were made. Hyperglycemia was the most frequent metabolic alteration (83,3% of the determinations). Electrolyte disturbance were hypocalcemia (50%), hypophosphatemia (29,6%) and hypokalemia (27,8%). The most frequent lipid profile abnormality were hypocholesterolemia (64,8%) and hypertriglyceridemia (27,8%). Furthermore, nutritional prescription was modified in the 53,6% of patients: increase protein dosage (25%), increase caloric dosage (21,4%) and change to an organ-specific diet (17,8%).
Conclusions: The application of Nutritrauma strategy facilitate the detection of metabolic com-plications and the evaluation of the appropiate prescription of the MNT.
Resilient Localization and Coverage in the Internet of Things
Authors: Al Mtawa Yaser , Hassanein Hossam S. , Nasser Nidal
Published: June 2023

The proliferation of the Internet of Things (IoT) has revolutionized traditional services, giving rise to emerging smart infrastructures by connecting the physical and digital worlds. Sensory data is essential in IoT-based systems for providing context-aware and location-based services. Hence, the accurate localization of IoT devices is paramount. Anchor misplacement can significantly affect location information and coverage services in IoT. We study the effect of anchor misplacement in typical IoT settings where sensors are randomly deployed, can be mobile and may belong to multiple providers. We identify sensing coverage holes formed by anchor misplacement and analyze their presence and impact. To mitigate the impact of anchor misplacement on network reliability, we propose a framework to identify the affected sensor nodes and then identify and remove misplaced anchor nodes. The validity of our approach is verified, and its effectiveness is demonstrated by several experiments with different network topologies and parameters. Our results are promising and can be utilized in multiple coverage applications, such as smart agriculture systems and habitat monitoring, regardless of the sensors or deployment types. It also sheds light on best practices and methods for a reliable design of IoT-based systems.
Exploring the Evolutionary Relics of Sex-chromosomes of Divergent Animal Species through Comparative Analysis of the Predicted SSR Sequences and CpG Islands
Authors: Grewal Barinder Singh , Tewari Shilpa , Hægland Håkon , Mukhopadhyay Chandra Shekhar
Published: June 2023

DNA markers have high occurrence and mutation rates and are generally located around the controlling regions of some tissue-specific genes and housekeeping genes that can change the expression pattern. Microsatellites and CpG islands are stretches of DNA with repeats and are known to influence gene expression. Microsatellites are more prone to mutations than the rest of the genomic DNA which allows the straightforward genomic nucleotide evolutionary transformation rate in different species. In the present study, these DNA markers are mined and an in-silico comparison was carried out to understand their occurrence pattern and distribution frequency in sex chromosomes (X and Y) of 12 different animal species using Perl and R programming pipelines. It was found that female-dominant X chromosomes had higher occurrence and distribution frequencies for these DNA markers than that of male-dominant sex chromosome i.e. Y which means that the former has a higher number of the evolutionary sites. The density of DNA markers however, showed remarkable variation for different animal species The results obtained need validation through wet-lab experimentation. Tri- and hexa-nucleotide repeats are more abundant in exons, whereas other repeats are more abundant in non-coding regions.
Enhanced Diclofenac Photomineralization under Solar Light using Ce1-xZnxO2-x Solid Solution Catalysts: Synergistic Effect of Photoexcited Electrons and Oxygen Vacancies
Authors: ABBADI MERYEM , ABEGA AIME VICTOIRE , DANTIO NGUELA CHRISTIAN BRICE , LAGHZIZIL ABDELAZIZ , ROBERT DIDIER
Published: June 2023

The present work describes the synthesis, characterization and photomineralization activity of synthesized Ce1-xZnxO2-x solid solution catalysts allowing the degradation of Diclofenac as a model of anti-inflammatory medicines in water. Oxygen deficient photocatalysts Ce1-xZnxO2-x (CeZnx), produced with mixing ZnO and CeO2 have been characterized for their crystallographic parameters, specific surface area and morphology. Photomineralization activity determinations using TOC analysis have shown efficient diclofenac photooxidation under sunlight. Moreover, results indicate that coexistence of Zn2+, Ce4+ and oxygen vacancies rate in CeZnx solid solution are key factors for strong drug mineralization. Finally, CeZn0.1 which is one of the photocatalysts synthesized in the present work represents a cheap and efficient reagent for organic matter photomineralization in wastewater.
Ruminant Trace Minerals Deficiency and the Potential Link Between the Source and Rumen Interaction. A Review
Authors: Vigh Antal , Criste Adriana Dalila , Corcionivoschi Nicolae , Gerard Christine
Published: June 2023

Dietary inclusion of trace minerals (TM), such as copper (Cu), manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn) is of importance to cover the ever-evolving requirements for growth, production, and reproduction in ruminants. Various sources of TM are commercially available, such as inorganic (ITM), organic (OTM) or hydroxy (HTM) forms, however their bioavailability and efficiency to improve ruminant zootechnical parameters may be highly influenced by ruminal solubility and effects on the rumen environment. The objective of this review was to compile the most up-to-date information on the ruminal solubility of ITM, OTM and HTM, and their effects on fermentation parameters and rumen microbiota, aiming to support specialists from the animal feed industry when choosing TM products for ruminant supplementation. Some commonly used ITM sources, like sulfates, have a high ruminal solubility, while oxides are less soluble. The ruminal solubility of OTM is mostly found to be high, however data on these TM forms are still lacking. Regarding HTM, ruminal solubility is reported to be low, nevertheless results are inconsistent. Considering rumen fermentation, ITM show a negative effect, OTM might improve, while HTM do not affect parameters like dry matter degradability, volatile fatty acid production, pH, or microbial protein synthesis. As to rumen microbiota, ITM do not affect microbial populations; OTM could decrease abundance of some specific bacteria, like fibrolytic microorganisms, while studies with HTM are missing or inconclusive. Further research is necessary to better understand the ruminal solubility kinetics of TM sources and the different interactions with fermentation parameters and rumen microbiota to successfully apply precision TM supplementation of ruminants, tackling deficiency occurrences.
Classifying Epileptic Seizure Events from EEG Signals by a Lightweight Machine Learning Model
Authors: Schilling Josh , Venkataswamy Naveenkumar G , Imtiaz Masudul H
Published: June 2023

Due to the large interest and need, there has been much recent work in epileptic seizure detection using machine learning models. Using un-intrusive measurements of brain activity such as electroencephalograms (EEG) has allowed for large datasets to be constructed and used for computational intelligence to identify seizure events within EEG data. In this paper, we use a publicly avaibale EEG dataset to develop a lightweight Machine learning supervised model (simple Decision Tree) to classify seizure events from brain waves. The performance of this developed model was compared with a complex ML model (Support Vector Machine). The cross-validated Decision Tree model performed better for seizure event classification with an overall accuracy of 91.17%. This lightweight model will allow for developing mobile applications and user comfort
Improved Performance for PMSM Sensorless Control Based on LADRC Controller, ESO-type Observer, DO-type Observer, and RL-TD3 Agent
Authors: Nicola Claudiu Ionel , Nicola Marcel
Published: June 2023

Starting from the fact that in sensorless control systems of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) the load torque can have short and significant variations, this paper presents the sensorless control of a PMSM based on a Linear Adaptive Disturbance Rejection Controller (LADRC) type controller. Essentially, the successful operation of the LADRC controller to achieve PMSM rotor speed control performance depends on a good estimation of the disturbances acting on the system. Traditionally, an Extended State Observer (ESO) is used to make such an estimate. In this paper, it is proposed to use a Disturbance Observer (DO) to estimate the external disturbances, and after their rejection, the LADRC controller ensures an equivalent global behavior of the control system with an ideal double integrator, and thus increased ease in achieving the desired control performance. Control structures and Matlab/Simulink implementation of the sensorless PMSM control system based on LADRC controller with ESO/DO type observer are presented, as well as its use in tandem with a Reinforcement Learning Twin-Delayed Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (RL-TD3) specially trained agent that provides correction signals for more accurate estimation of external disturbances and hence improved control performance. Qualitatively superior performance is achieved by using LADRC with the RL-TD3 agent control structure in terms of parametric robustness, response time, and steady-state error. Also, by calculating the fractal dimension (DF) of the controlled signal and the PMSM rotor speed, it is found that the higher the DF, the better the performance of the control system. The validation of the superiority of the proposed control structures is carried out by means of numerical simulations in the Matlab/Simulink environment.
Dual Antiplatelet Therapy or Antiplatelet Plus Anticoagulant Therapy in Patients with Peripheral and Chronic Coronary Artery Disease: an Updated Review
Authors: Magnani Giulia , Denegri Andrea , Gurgoglione Filippo Luca , Barocelli Federico , Indrigo Elia , Catellani Davide , Signoretta Gianluca , Bettella Alberto , Tuttolomondo Domenico , Solinas Emilia , Nicolini Francesco , Niccoli Giampaolo , Ardissino Diego
Published: June 2023

Despite evidence-based therapies, patients presenting with atherosclerosis involving more than one vascular bed, such as those with peripheral artery disease (PAD) and concomitant coronary artery disease (CAD), constitute a particular vulnerable group characterized by enhanced residual long-term risk for major adverse cardiac events (MACE), as well as major adverse limb events (MALE). The latter are progressively emerging as a hard outcome to be targeted, being correlated with increased mortality.
Antithrombotic therapy is the mainstay of secondary prevention in both patients with PAD or CAD however, the optimal intensity of such therapy is still topic of debate, particularly in the post-acute and long-term setting. Recent well powered randomized clinical trials (RCTs) have provided data in favor of a more intense antithrombotic therapy, such as prolonged dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with aspirin and a P2Y12 inhibitor or a therapy with aspirin combined with an anticoagulant drug. Both approaches increase bleeding and patients selection is a key issue. The aim of this review is therefore to discuss and summarize the most updated available evidences for different strategies of anti-thrombotic therapies in patients with chronic PAD and CAD, particularly focusing on studies enrolling patients with both type of atherosclerotic disease and comparing a higher versus a lower intensity antithrombotic strategy. The final objective is to identify the optimal tailored approach in this setting, to achieve the greatest cardiovascular benefit and improving precision medicine.
Genetic Algorithms Optimization of Beams in Terms of Maxim-Izing Gaps Between Adjacent Frequencies
Authors: Domagalski Łukasz , Kowalczyk Izabela
Published: June 2023

The aim of this paper is to optimize thickness variation function of simply supported and cantilever beams, in terms of maximizing gaps between chosen neighboring frequencies and analyze obtained results. The optimization results are examined in terms of achieving the objective function (related to eigenproblem), but also in terms of their dynamics stiffness (forced vibrations excited by point harmonic load). In the optimization process, a Genetic Algorithm was used. Problems related to structural dynamics were solved by FEM implementation into the algorithm. Sample results were presented, and the developed algorithm was analyzed in terms of result convergence by examining several variable parameters. The authors demonstrated the validity of applying the described optimization tool to the presented problems. Conclusions were drawn regarding the correlation between stiffness and mass distribution in the optimized beams and the natural frequency modes in terms of which they were optimized.
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Cytology in Severe Equine Asthma Syndrome During Asymptomatic, Exacerbation, and Remission Phase: Cytocentrifugated Versus Sedimented Smear Preparations
Authors: Morini Maria , Gobbo Francesca , Rinnovati Riccardo , Romagnoli Noemi , Peli Angelo , Massarenti Chiara , Spadari Alessandro , Pietra Marco
Published: June 2023

Equine Asthma Syndrome (EAS) is a common respiratory problem that affects horses of any age. In the severe EAS form (historically referred to as recurrent airway obstruction or RAO) the diagnosis, based mainly on history and clinical signs, it is definitively confirmed by the cytological examination of the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), also very useful in monitoring lower airway inflammation in response to environmental management and medication. Cytocentrifugated preparation is usually the staging method for the BAL cytological interpretation. To evaluate whether the BAL cytology in horses with severe EAS under different environmental conditions and before and after treatment can undergo significant changes, and at the same time to investigate whether in the cytological evaluation of the BAL there are interpretative differences between two methods of smear preparation of the collected fluid, a study was carried out on a series of BAL samples (n=48) collected in 8 withdrawals from 6 EAS-affected horses subjected to process exacerbation through environmental stimuli and then to pharmacological treatment. Each BAL fluid collected was equally divided into duplicate portions: one set up by cytocentrifugation and one by sediment from simple centrifugation. The cytological examination revealed any significant difference between the EAS-affected horses in all experimental phases (asymptomatic, early exacerbation phase, late exacerbation phase, and remission phase). Diagnostic interpretive comparison between the two BAL preparations then showed no significant differences in results, suggesting how they can be used indifferently in the evaluation of BAL under conditions of airway inflammation in the horse. Thus, the concentrated smear preparation appears to be an equally diagnostically useful method in conditions where there is no possibility of using an appropriate cytocentrifuge.
Resistance to Multiple Foliar Fungal Diseases in Tomato
Authors: Panthee Dilip R. , Pandey Anju , Paudel Rajan
Published: June 2023

Foliar fungal diseases in tomatoes include early blight (Alternaria linariae), Septoria leaf spot (Septoria lycopersici), and late blight (Phytophthora infestans) which is oomycetes. These are one of the significant production constraints in tomatoes. We describe the etiology, host range, distribution, symptoms, and disease cycle to understand the biology followed by management practices emphasizing the resistance breeding approach for these diseases. In crop improvement efforts, we provide an analytical review, including conventional and molecular methods for improving this disease resistance. Modern breeding tools, including genomics, genetic transformation, and genome editing, can be used to improve these traits. There is a good possibility of using these tools in the future to improve these traits.
Progressive Collapse Resistance of Steel Frame Buildings and the Role of Beam-Column Connections
Authors: Stylianidis Panagiotis , Bellos John
Published: June 2023

The behaviour of steel frame buildings under progressive collapse conditions depends on a combination of several parameters including the interplay between different collapse resistance mechanisms mobilized in different structural components. Previous studies have shown that the extent to which these mechanisms may contribute to progressive collapse resistance depends on the ability of the beam-column connections to undergo large inelastic deformations prior to reaching their deformation capacity limits. For this reason, and due to the important role of their flexural strength and tying capacity in the development of essential collapse resistance mechanisms, the response of beam-column connections is one of the most important features of progressive collapse performance. Based on the knowledge gained through previous studies on the mechanics of the problem, the role of the connections is critically reviewed by examining the results of several experimental studies conducted during the past decade. The factors that may adversely affect progressive collapse resistance – such as failure modes of certain connection types – are evaluated, and novel approaches of limiting these factors which are currently under development are reviewed. The assessment of these parameters leads to useful conclusions of practical significance, while highlighting the aspects of the problem that need further study and understanding.
Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Anti-Lipoxygenase Activity of Berberis vulgaris L. Leaves, Fruits and Stem and Their LC MS/MS Polyphenolic Profile
Authors: Och Anna , Olech Marta , Bąk Kamil , Kanak Sebastian , Cwener Anna , Cieśla Marek , Nowak Renata
Published: June 2023

Berberis vulgaris L. is currently widely studied for its antioxidant and chemopreventive proper-ties, especially given the beneficial properties of its fruits in this regard. Although the bark and roots have been well known and used in traditional medicine since ancient times, little is known about the other parts of this plant. The aim of the research was to determine the antioxidant and LOX inhibitory activity effects of extracts obtained from leaves, fruits, and stems. Another aim of the work was to carry out the quantitative and qualitative analysis of phenolic acids, flavonoid aglycones, and flavonoid glycosides. Extracts were obtained with the use of ASE (accelerated solvent extraction). The total content of polyphenols was determined and was found to vary de-pending on the organ, with the highest amount of polyphenols found in the leaves extract. The free radical scavenging activity of the extracts was determined spectrophotometrically in relation to the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical, with results ranging from 63.88 mgTE/g for leaves to 65.25 mgTE/g for the stem. Antioxidant activity was also assessed using the ABTS test. The lowest value was recorded for the barberry fruit (117.93 mg TE/g) and the highest level was found for the barberry leaves (140.49 mgTE/g). The oxygen radical absorption capacity test (ORAC) showed the lowest value for the stem (167.70 mgTE/g) and the highest level for the leaves (267.81 mgTE/g). The range of percentage inhibition of LOX was determined as well. The percentage inhibition of the enzyme was positively correlated with the sum of flavonoids, TPC, TFC, and the content of selected flavonoids. For the first time, phenolic acids, flavonoid agly-cones, and flavonoid glycosides were determined qualitatively and quantitatively in individual parts of Berberis vulgaris L. The content of phenolic acids, flavonoid aglycones, and flavonoid glycosides was determined with the LC-MS/MS method. For the first time, the following phenol-ic acids were quantitatively and qualitatively identified in individual parts of Berberis vulgaris: 3-caffeoylquinic acid, protocatechuic acid, 5-caffeoylquinic acid, flavonoid glycosides: eleuthero-side E, rutin, isoquercitin, luteoloside, nar-cissoside, naringenin-7-glucoside, isorhamnetin-3-glucoside, afzeline, and quercitrin. Flavonoid aglycones: catechin, luteolin, and eriodictyol were determined qualitatively and quantitatively for the first time as well.
Microcirculation in Hypertension: A Therapeutic Target To Prevent Cardiovascular Disease?
Authors: Damiano Rizzoni , AGABITI ROSEI Claudia , Boari Gianluca E.M. , Muiesan Maria Lorenza , De Ciuceis Carolina
Published: June 2023

Arterial hypertension is a common condition worldwide and an important risk factor for cardio- and cerebrovascular events, renal diseases as well as microvascular eye diseases. Established hypertension leads to chronic vasoconstriction of small arteries as well as to decreased lumen diameter and thickening of the arterial media or wall with a consequent increased media-to-lumen ratio (MLR) or wall-to-lumen ratio (WLR). This process, defined as vascular remodeling, was first demonstrated in small resistance arteries isolated from subcutaneous biopsies and measured by micromyography, and this is still considered the gold-standard method for the assessment of structural alteration in small resistance arteries; however microvascular remodeling seems to represent a generalized phenomenon. An increased MLR may impair organ flow reserve, being relevant in the maintenance and, probably, also in the progressive worsening of hypertensive disease, as well as in the development of hypertension-mediated organ damage/cardiovascular events, possessing, therefore, a prognostic relevance. New, non-invasive techniques, such as Scanning Laser Doppler Flowmetry or Adaptive Optics, are presently under development, focusing mainly on the evaluation of WLR in retinal arterioles; recently, also retinal microvascular WLR was demonstrated to have a prognostic impact in term of cardio- and cerebrovascular events. A rarefaction of capillary network has also been reported in hypertension which may contribute to flow reduction and impairment in oxygen delivery to different tissues. These microvascular alterations seem to represent an early step in hypertension-mediated organ damage since they might concur to microvascular angina, stroke, and renal dysfunction. In addition, they could be a marker useful in monitoring the beneficial effect of antihypertensive treatment. Also conductance arteries may be affected by a remodeling process in hypertension, and a cross-talk may exist between structural changes in the small and large arteries. The review will address the possible relations between structural microvascular alterations and hypertension-mediated organ damage and their potential improvement with antihypertensive treatment.
Understanding the Relationship between Extraversion and Life Satisfaction, with Special Emphasis on the Interaction with Age
Authors: Bittmann Felix
Published: June 2023

For a long time, there has been interest in the relationship between personality traits and life satisfaction. However, many previous studies suffer from small sample sizes or selective sampling, sometimes leading to biased or imprecise results. The current study, which focuses on the trait of extraversion, attempts to overcome these limitations by using a large-scale German survey of more than 40,000 individuals aged 10 to 72. As the descriptive and regression results clearly show, there is a statistically significant relationship between extraversion and several dimensions of current life satisfaction. Depending on the type of satisfaction, the unstandardized regression coefficients range from 0.18 to 0.33. To gain further insight, age is added as an explanatory variable to test whether these associations change as a person ages. The results show that the effect sizes sometimes differ by age but remain robust and statistically significant. In conclusion, the study adds to the literature by providing convincing evidence that extraversion and life satisfaction are positively associated, at least in Western and industrialized countries, and that there are interaction effects with age.
Clinical Insights in Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome Based on Genetic Findings
Authors: Boles Richard G. , Bar Omri , Vahey Elizabeth , Ebenau Laurie , Mintz Mark
Published: June 2023

Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) is a frequently disabling condition defined by severe, discrete, stereotypical episodes of nausea and vomiting. In our previous report [1], a candidate gene list was evaluated in a group of 80 unrelated participants with CVS with extensive genetic sequencing (whole exome/genome). Twenty-two good candidate genes for CVS association were identified, from which a cellular model of aberrant cation transport and energy metabolism was proposed. Herein, we present additional clinical information on those 80 participants, including eight case reports to highlight general principles and clinical practices. Our participants demonstrate substantial phenotypic and genotypic heterogeneity in CVS, including a propensity for specific co-morbidities in the participants and relatives, evolution towards episodes in which vomiting is less apparent, labeling with “non-organic” diagnoses, multiple genes, polygenic inheritance, and association with variants not designated as Pathogenic. Our case reports illustrate how genetic information can guide clinical management and argue to the high clinical utility of appropriate genetic testing and analysis in CVS. Expression profiling of our 22 candidate genes suggests an anatomical model in a unit defined by vagal afferents and adjacent cells. Our models are consistent with multiple current hypotheses of CVS and the efficacy of commonly-recommended treatments.
Legal Policy of State Financial Losses Arrangement In A State-Owned Enterprise
Authors: Swardhana Gde Made , Monteiro Seguito
Published: June 2023

This research aimed to examine the elements of state loss in regulations concerning the legal policy of state financial arrangements in a bankrupt state-owned enterprise and to analyze the effort of asset recovery related to state loss due to corruption based on the prevailing law in Indonesia and China. This is normative legal research with a comparative approach, with China being taken as a comparison. The study indicated that the elements of state loss are short of money, securities, and goods; it was caused by unlawful actions, either intentionally or negligently; and losses whose amount can be calculated based on the findings of the authorized agency or appointed public accountant, in the Indonesian legal system, asset recovery efforts can be examined from the perspective of criminal law and administrative law. The substance of state finances reveals the same element, namely that the financial loss of SOEs is a loss to state finances. In the execution of court decisions on SOE-owned assets in bankruptcy cases, the regulation does not provide fair legal recognition, protection, certainty, and equal treatment before the law in the management and accountability of state finances.
Device Design of Ankle Joint Stretching System Controlled by the Healthy Side Ankle Joint Movement for Self-Rehabilitation
Authors: Toda Hideki , Kawamoto Hiroaki
Published: June 2023

An ankle joint stretching device controlled by healthy-side ankle movements was developed for self-rehabilitation. Physical therapists treat their patients to prevent a subject ankle joint’s contracture and improve their walking function. However, sufficient rehabilitation therapy cannot be performed because of the labor demands of ankle joint rehabilitation. There has long been a demand for a self-rehabilitation system to reduce the amount of labor required, with the rehabilitation system operated by a physical therapist using a machine. Self-rehabilitation has not yet been realized. By stretching the affected ankle through the movement of the ankle on the healthy side, a self-rehabilitation device that can be used according to the will of the patient can be developed. An experiment confirmed that the device can realize affected-side ankle joint stretching by moving a foot plate connected to a linear actuator using the angle of the healthy-side ankle joint as a trigger. Ankle joint rotation angles of the affected and healthy sides were measured using two acceleration sensors. Compared with the previously used button-push-type control, healthy-side control can realize a smooth and stable affected-side sole-pushing procedure. The proposed system, which does not require operation by a physical therapist during treatment, makes self-rehabilitation of the ankle joint possible.
Development of Flexion Posture Formation Mechanism in Wearable Type of Flexor Tendon Rehabilitation Equipment
Authors: Ikeda Takeshi , Matsutani Yuki , Sato Masanori , Furuno Seiji , Nagata Fusaomi
Published: June 2023

Rehabilitation robots and rehabilitation braces are in demand, as they aid in reducing a patient’s need for therapist’s attendance and guidance during therapy. This study focuses on the bending of fingers under the tension of the fingertips using clinical equipment and demonstrates the development of a small and versatile rehabilitation brace.
Slide-Gate Type Multi-Port Switching Valve
Authors: Kobayashi Takumi , Akagi Tetsuya , Dohta Shujiro , Cho Feifei , Shinohara Takashi , Yokota Masashi
Published: June 2023

In a typical pneumatic soft actuation system, the control valve is often heavy and expensive, making a compact and economical control valve highly desirable. In addition to improving the valve itself, reducing the number of valves required can also be beneficial. To address this requirement, this study proposes and tests a multi-port switching valve based on a slide-gate mechanism. This valve is designed to enable the supply or exhaust of multiple actuators simultaneously, thereby reducing the number of valves required to drive a complex pneumatic actuator with multiple chambers. The main components of the proposed valve are a rotational cam, multiple ports, and 12 gate pins. The construction and operating principle of the valve and a design method for a rotational cam are described in this study. Furthermore, the results of the designed valve for radial bending and extension of a flexible robot arm are also reported.
Variable Step Type Pneumatic Linear Stepping Actuator for Passive Exercise Device of Hip Joint
Authors: Shinohara Takashi , Oe Kota , Akagi Tetsuya , Dohta Shujiro , Cho Feifei , Kobayashi Wataru , Shimooka So
Published: June 2023

Because of the elderly society in Japan, a passive exercise device that can be used in homes or hospitals without assistance is desirable. In the device, a soft actuator that can move with both longer strokes and a larger force is useful. In the previous study, a pneumatic linear stepping actuator (PLSA) that can push and pull a flexible rod while changing the gripping position of a tube was developed. In this study, a variable step type PLSA is proposed and tested. Moreover, the development of a passive exercise device for the hip joint using three PLSAs and one connecter connected with three flexible rods and a knee supporter is described. The tracking position control of the knee supporter based on an analytical model is also described. The control system using developed actuators is also introduced.
Pocketable-Bones: Self-Augment Mobile Robot Mediating our Sociality
Authors: Ohshima Naoki , Iwasaki Katsuya , Mayumi Ryosuke , Hasegawa Komei , Okada Michio
Published: June 2023

Discussions on human-robot interactions abound in the fields of human-agent interaction and human-robot interaction. Although studies on communication through conversations and physical actions have been conducted, many of these studies focus on robot gaze while neglecting human gaze. In this study, we developed Pocketable-Bones, a mobile robot that can move with the human gaze in mind. This robot can fit in a breast pocket and follows and turns in the same direction a person faces. Notably, we have been investigating the realization of joint gazing in which two persons share interests and concerns through gazing. This study’s experiment results showed that Pocketable-Bones’ gazing behaviors satisfied the components of self-determination theory in well-being, notably autonomy, competence, and relationship.
Development of High Dynamic Range Six-Axis Force Sensor with Simple Structure
Authors: Kawahara Takamasa , Tsuji Toshiaki
Published: June 2023

We propose a six-axis force sensor with a simple structure that can measure small forces while affording a high load capacity. For a robot to perform complex motions in an unknown environment, the force sensor used must exhibit a high resolution and high load rating. Various studies have been conducted to simultaneously satisfy these two requirements. However, the high processing cost due to the complicated sensor structure is problematic. Therefore, we develop a column-type high dynamic range (HDR) six-axis force sensor using two types of strain gauges. The sensor was composed of a drawn pipe to solve structural problems that arise during manufacturing. By attaching strain gauges to the surface of the drawn pipe, the forces and torques in the six axes can be measured. HDR measurement was realizable using a semiconductor strain gauge for small loads and a metallic foil strain gauge for large loads. Based on the simulation results, the rated loads of the sensor were 1400 N in the Fx and Fy directions, 9000 N in the Fz direction, and 120 Nm in the Mx, My, and Mz directions. The performance of the fabricated force sensor was evaluated. The maximum nonlinearity errors of the semiconductor strain gauge and the metallic foil strain gauges were 1.21% and 1.81%, respectively. In addition, when comparing the S/N ratios, the minimum measurable values were 0.035 N and 0.13 N for Fy and Fz, respectively.
Indoor Positioning Scheme Using Off-the-Shelf Lighting Fixtures’ Fingerprints
Authors: Kobayashi Hiroyuki
Published: June 2023

This paper discusses an indoor positioning technique aimed at human-centric services such as pedestrian navigation or service robots. The method is called “CEPHEID” and uses a light flickering pattern as an environmental fingerprint. The authors found that each lighting fixture has unique and distinguishable flickering characteristics. In this paper, CEPHEID is introduced as a “classifier” and its validity is shown based on experimental results. Additionally, an approach for improving the positional precision is proposed. The classifier and regressor are combined to create a zone-classified regressor model for CEPHEID. The basic performance of this concept is also tested using an experiment.