bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MULTIMEDIA CLOUD COMPUTING IN VEHICLES
Authors: Trisal Kunal , M. Bagde Aparna ,   NBN Sinhgad School of Engineering
Published: October 2022

Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSs) means services to improve safety and traffic efficiency. For example, vehicle-to-vehicle communication for road safety. In ITSs, vehicles are equipped with a number of sensors which provide different functions like weather forecast, temperature, GPS etc. All these features make the drive better and smooth. As a result, these vehicles produce a large amount of multimedia related data, which is critical and delay-sensitive, and requires on-time processing. The standalone devices embedded in the vehicles cannot do the required fast-processing due to their limited computation facilities. Cost minimisation, Quality of Experience, and resource allocation are some more problems related to multimedia related content processing, which have arrived in recent times. Thus, the concept of merging cloud computing with vehicles has emerged. Still conventional cloud computing is not suitable for this critical and delaysensitive multimedia related data. So a new computing paradigm called Multimedia Cloud Computing (MCC) has emerged. Thus, in this paper, a Dynamic Priority-based Efficient Resource Allocation and Computing scheme is proposed to overcome the above-mentioned issues.
BRAIN TUMOR CLASSIFICATION USING DEEP LEARNING
Authors:   Mukesh Patel School of Technology Management & Engineering, Dave Himank , Kant Nikhil , Dave Nishank , Ghorui Divya ,   St. Francis Institute of Technology
Published: October 2022

The early detection of the tumor plays an important role in the recovery of the patient. In our proposed model, we have collected MRI scans as it helps with the information about the blood supply inside the brain. Thus, for the recognition of anomaly, for examining the increasing of the ailment, and for the diagnosis, we prepared a data set consisting of various MRI images. We then focused on removing unwanted noise and image enhancement. The image characteristics can be enhanced by using image preprocessing techniques. The image enhancement depends upon different factors like computational time, computational cost, quality of the uncorrupted image, and the techniques used for noise elimination. We have made use of various filters for the image pre-processing. In our next step, image segmentation, an image is divided into several regions. We have implemented different types of segmentation techniques including active contours snakes, fuzzy C means, and regionderived triple thresholding. We have further implemented two hybrid segmentation models and used computer-aided detection techniques. Post-processing of the data is done using artificial bee colony optimization and watershed filtering and extraction. We then classify two images into tumor and non-tumor category using the VGG-16 CNN model. The features of the segmented images were further classified into various types of tumors, including Glioma tumor, Meningioma tumor, Pituitary tumor, and no tumor using one-hot encoding. This approach was further validated using synthetic and real MR image dataset from Kaggle (name of data set), to detect and classify different types of tumor.
STUDY ON IOT BASED WOMEN SAFETY DEVICES WITH SCREAMING DETECTION AND VIDEO CAPTURING
Authors:   SPMVV, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India, Suma TP , Rekha G ,   SPMVV, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
Published: October 2022

To propose an idea for implementing wearable IoT devices using the Raspberry Pi, which is equipped with a sound sensor, camera module, GPS, and GSM. When the sound sensor detects screaming, the SVM (support vector machine) algorithm in machine learning eliminates unnecessary noise and evaluates only the victim screaming. After assessing the victim's scream, the gadget promptly activates the camera module, which takes 30 seconds of footage. GPS will track the geographical coordinates and, using the GSM module, will send an alert message and an emergency call to the nearest police station. When the victim activates the switch in the second scenario, the camera module is immediately activated, and a 30-second clip is captured. The GPS will be active, and GSM will send an alert message with the status. The idea's major goal is to present a smart gadget for a woman that is entirely comfy and portable. When compared to other existing safety devices, the first and most crucial difference is the smart band's ability to shrink the size of gadgets.
A Case Study on the Idea Contest for Student Design Curriculum
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Jeon Jonghee
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this study is to present the operation process and results based on the student-designed liberal arts curriculum idea contest, and to draw discussion and future directions. This contest was held in the first semester of 2022 as part of the liberal arts education extra-curricular program at K University. This is to encourage students to actively suggest ideas for liberal arts subjects in various fields by reflecting the currents of the times, social demands, and personal needs. To this end, the application notification, examination, and result announcement were made between May and June 2022. A total of 28 applications were received for this contest, and 13 cases(grades 1 to 3) were selected. The evaluation criteria were timely themes, content fidelity, suitability for liberal arts subjects, and differentiation from existing subjects. A total of 5 faculty members for each college conducted the evaluation. According to the selection result, there are various ideas such as 2 language subjects of basic liberal arts and 1 character education subject in 1st grade, 4 advanced liberal arts subjects and 2 character education subjects in 2nd grade, 1 character education subject and 4 advanced liberal arts subjects in 3rd grade. Through this study, it will be possible to obtain educational implications for student-centered liberal arts curriculum design and reorganization and operation of the liberal arts curriculum.
Discussion on the Importance of Korean Language Education in the PostPandemic Gwanju Goryeoin-Village
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Cha Nohui
Published: October 2022

This paper attempted to explore the discourse on the importance of Korean language education in Gwangju GoryeoinVillage after the pandemic. Gwangju GoryeoinVillage, the subject of the study, was once a branded area due to lack of communication after COVID19. For this reason, indepth interviews were conducted with Koreanrelated organizations or educational institutions to examine the current status and problems of Korean language education in Gwangju GoryeoinVillage and what government policies should be supported. To solve these problems, the interviewees said that the first should be customized education systems and facilities for Goryeoin, and the second should be institutional support to make it easier for Goryeoin to obtain permanent residency. Even in the results of this derivation, it can be said that the limitation of the study is that all the interviewees of Goryeoin education and organizationrelated people are Korean.
A Sstudy on the Aspects of Conflict Discourse through a Communicational Perspective: Focusing on the Conflict Discourse Situation in K-Drama
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Lee Yunhee
Published: October 2022

This study suggested a way of analyzing the conflict discourse from a communicational perspective by focusing on the conversations in K-Dramas, which are reproduced by reflecting reality. Speakers in a conflicting communication situation use various defense mechanisms to express unfriendly emotions. This study has analyzed the formal mechanisms that are utilized in speech-act in conflict situations using the Principle of Politeness by Brown & Levinson (1987) and Relevance Theory by Sperber and Wilson (1986, 1995), as conversations in the K-Dramas as the study subject. The communication aspects of conflict discourse situation include inappropriate utterance that is irrelevant to the situation, the strategic linguistic mechanism to hide the speaker’s intention, answering in the form of a question that is deviated from the typical example of question and answer, silence as a strategy to avoid answering to the question, and passive participation in the conversation. The Face Threatening Act as a linguistic expression that does not match the title of the other, or using oppressive words or sentences have become a marker for conflict discourse.
The Effects of Theory of Constraints for Education Learning on the Logical Thinking and Problem Solving Ability of Adult Learner
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Park Jounggeum , Yoon Byungseop , Chae Myungsin
Published: October 2022

Now that creative problem solving based on logical thinking is required for various and complex problem solving, this study quantitatively measures the learning effect of TOC for Education useful for deriving an overall optimal solution, and found that it is effective for logical thinking and problem solving. The logical thinking improvement process, which has been implicitly known, was embodied and specified, and it was confirmed that the TOC for Education was a problem-solving method focusing on the flow of logic, and at the same time, it was proved that only logical thinking could be solved regardless of the degree of self-efficacy. This is because clear logical thinking creates a virtuous cycle of problem-solving, and this result can be seen as providing the basis for applying TOC for Education to Korean education and strategic implications.
Surprised by Joy and the Menippean Solution
Authors: Birmingham Carrie
Published: October 2022

The boarding school chapters of C.S. Lewis’s Surprised by Joy have been criticized for their questionable veracity, uneven quality, and disturbing strangeness – not what readers of Lewis normally expect. Identifying Surprised by Joy as a Menippean satire responds to these criticisms and clarifies its message. Its digressions and disjointedness; its encyclopaedic, opaque, densely academic passages; and Lewis’s ambivalent responses to otherwise shocking, carnivalistic events contribute to a deeply unsettling narrative. These would be out of place in milder genres, but combined, they constitute many of the features that give Menippean satire its peculiar identity. On the surface, Surprised by Joy tells the story of Lewis’s reconversion to Christianity. Beneath the surface, Surprised by Joy is a critique of a constellation of ideas and values that Lewis considered threats to truth and intellectual freedom, as witnessed in boarding-school and adult life. The strangeness and harshness of Menippean satire provides an appropriate genre to communicate Lewis’s serious critique about what he believed to be a seriously problematic ideology.
Who Is Palomides? Closer Look at the Character in Charles Williams’s Taliessin Cycle
Authors: Thompson Joseph
Published: October 2022

This articles examines the character arc of Palomides in Charles Williams’s Taliessin poems to see how it brings together several key themes in Williams’s work: Romantic Theology, the relationship of spirit and matter, and the problem of evil. It examines Palomides’s struggle to overcome his own internal antagonisms and allow himself to accept his own limitations, as a model that is salutary to readers of the poems. The article uncovers some of the abstract symbolism that appears in ‘The Death of Palomides’ and demonstrates the coherence of Williams’s use of disparate images in that poem. Lastly, the article asks what the progression of Palomides’s character reveals about Williams’s philosophical and theological attitudes, especially how Williams understood the nature of conversion.
Was C.S. Lewis a Rational Determinist?
Authors: Davis Richard Brian
Published: October 2022

In his recently published book C. S. Lewis (Wiley-Blackwell, 2018), Stewart Goetz argues that C.S. Lewis endorsed a form of rational determinism, according to which we are causally determined to draw the conclusions we do. Our inferences are not within our control; they happen to us whether we like it or not. If Goetz is right, then incredibly we must say that reasoning is not something Lewis ever did. I shall attempt to show that (taken in context) the texts to which Goetz appeals fail to support his thesis. In fact, upon closer analysis, they indicate precisely the opposite: Lewis was no rational determinist.
PRINCIPLES OF FORMATION OF CITY TRANSPORT DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
Authors:   National Transport University, Komanchuk Serhii
Published: October 2022

The article examines the state of operation of motor transport enterprises in Ukraine. It was established that the invasion of the Russian Federation caused crises in all sectors of the national economy. The transport industry currently has the mission of meeting the needs of the civilian population and the defense forces of Ukraine. But despite this, the main thing remains the formation of principles that will help to quickly change the strategic direction of the activities of motor transport enterprises. In the scientific world, more and more attention is paid to the strategic development of the motor transport industry. But the proposed strategic vectors in the modern conditions of martial law are not sufficiently productive and effective. It was established that city transport was in decline even before the war. Thus, the renewal of non-current assets during the specified period took place only at KP "Kyivpastrans" and PrJSC "Lvivske Komunalne ATP No. 1", but very passively, not exceeding the value of 2%. All other motor transport enterprises did not receive additional funding. That is, the main problem remains the outdated rolling stock, which currently cannot meet the needs of consumers of motor transport services. The article carries out a SWOT analysis of the transport industry of Ukraine. The analysis was carried out taking into account the state and development trends of the regions of the country. Currently, it is clear that the main factor holding back the strategic development of urban transport is the war. In addition to the general study of the motor transport sector of Ukraine, the article conducted a questionnaire survey of urban transport consumers to identify the level of consumer satisfaction with the service. It was established that the current assessment of ensuring the reliability and quality of passenger transportation is significantly complicated by indicators of the country's transport system development. Currently, quality standardization is not carried out at motor transport enterprises, there are no criteria in the reports of the enterprises characterizing the reliability of their work. On the basis of the conducted research, the article offers a selection of the main principles of the formation of the city transport development strategy. The presented principles will allow the management of the motor transport company in the conditions of war to quickly form an anti-crisis management strategy.
STRATEGIC ROAD PLANNING CONCEPT
Authors:   National Transport University, Lykhostup Mykola , Usychenko Olena ,   National Transport University
Published: October 2022

The article discusses possible expert-analytical approaches to the formation of concepts for the road sector development, depending on the capabilities of the participants involved in specific work programs implementation processes and the formation of an infrastructural basis for their successful implementation. At the first stage of a model for determining the preferred option for strategic modeling forming, the initial opportunities and prospective trends in the employment of each participant in the development of the road sector are analyzed, aimed at reliable support in the operational condition of the roads. The cross-section and combination of perspective trends of different participants form the so-called local strategies of possible options for their activities planning. Information processing of local strategies is possible using various approaches - mathematical data processing, expert analysis or graphical interpretation. The choice of the best cumulative strategy for the activity of participants is carried out according to the criterion of minimizing the costs of their activities.
Communicating Climate Risk: A Toolkit
Authors: Walton Jo Lindsay , Levontin Polina , Barons Martine J. , Workman Mark , Mackie Erik , Kleineberg Jana
Published: October 2022

The Communicating Climate Risk toolkit draws together best practice on the effective communication of climate information from across STEM, social sciences, and arts and humanities. It provides users with insights, recommendations, and tools for all forms of climate-related communication and decision-making, and identifies open problems.
COMPETITIVENESS OF TOURISM DESTINATIONS: A MIXED-METHOD BIBLIOMETRIC APPROACH
Authors: John Ashna , Firoz C Mohammed
Published: October 2022

Even after almost three decades of introduction of competitiveness into tourism sector, there is still a rising trend in literature on Tourism Destination Competitiveness (TDC). Though there are a few systematic and traditional reviews in the domain, there has been no study of the bibliometric variables. This study utilises Web of Science (WoS) database to conduct a bibliometric analysis of 166 documents on TDC, revealing the domain's research trend in terms of authors, sources, and publications. The science mapping tool bibliometrix R-package is used to analyse the trend of scientific publications in the area, untapped knowledge, possible future trends, and implications. The analysis is undertaken on three levels: source, author, and document, as well as three types of knowledge structures: conceptual, intellectual, and social. The bibliometric data analysis consists of a descriptive analysis of the bibliographic data frame and network analyses and its graphical visualization. As per the analysis, competitiveness of natural/cultural destinations is rarely assessed in the global scenario. Maximum number of studies in the domain are carried out in European countries. The findings can guide researchers to focus on less developed themes/areas.
CONTENT VALIDITY OF RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS: ASSESSING DOMESTIC ECOTOURISM IN PROTECTED AREAS
Authors: Nordin Mohammad Ridhwan , Jamal Salamiah A. , Anuar Nor Asmalina Mohd
Published: October 2022

The assessment of content validity is a critical and complex step in the instrument development process, frequently used to measure complex constructs in social science research. Nevertheless, there is scarce documentation in the field of tourism and hospitality on how content validity should be analysed. This study aimed to present the assessment of content validity of an instrument developed to assess domestic ecotourism in protected areas. A 54-items survey was designed based on previous literature. Content validity assessment was conducted by recruiting a panel of experts to evaluate the instrument’s elements and rate them based on their relevance to provide a content validity index for each item.
Book Review: Poverty and Development: Problems and Prospects
Authors: Paddison Brendan
Published: October 2022

Book Review:

Poverty and Development: Problems and Prospects, edited by Michal Apollo and Pahlaj Moolio eds., 2021, Channel View Publications.
La ceca de ASIDO, Medina Sidonia (Cádiz)
Authors: Puerta Diego Manuel Calderón
Published: October 2022

La ceca de Asido es un taller que acuña moneda entre los siglos II y I a.C. con caracteres libio-fenicios. Los hallazgos numismáticos fueron durante mucho tiempo la única fuente que hacía pensar a la historiografía sobre la posibilidad del origen fenicio de la ciudad. En este artículo se van estudiar las emisiones acuñadas en Asido.
Inscripciones sobre tegulae y ladrillos en el Museo de Jerez (Cádiz)
Authors: Barrionuevo Francisco , Gimeno Helena , Del Hoyo Javier
Published: October 2022

En este artículo se publican una tegula romana y diez piezas inéditas de material latericio, la mayoría de ellas de la tardo-antigüedad, que se conservan en el Museo de Jerez.
Una OFFICINA FERRARIA en la MANSIO de Arriaga (Marchamalo, Guadalajara)
Authors: Pérez Macias Juan Aurelio
Published: October 2022

En este trabajo se presentan los análisis de los materiales metalúrgicos del asentamiento de El Tesoro (Marchamalo, Guadalajara).  Estos materiales revelan que en este sitio existió una importante producción de hierro, de la que quedan como mejor reflejo las escorias plano-convexas de refino de forja. Este trabajo siderúrgico se relaciona con los yacimientos minerales próximos del Sistema ibérico y la existencia de una importante vía de comunicación, de la que el propio yacimiento forma parte como una mansio que se ha identificado con Arriaca.
El Poblamiento meridional de la Baeturia Céltica a partir de la aplicación de métodos y técnicas SIG
Authors: Galloso Cordero Antonio José , Bermejo Meléndez Javier
Published: October 2022

La Baeturia Céltica ha sido estudiada en innumerables ocasiones y, en tiempos recientes, son numerosas las investigaciones basadas en la aplicación de nuevas tecnologías que se han llevado a cabo, aportando datos de gran interés. Por ello, el presente estudio analiza mediante la aplicación de SIG los modelos de poblamiento y explotación de recursos de los asentamientos prerromanos de la Rivera del Chanza y sus transformaciones durante el proceso de conquista y colonización romana del territorio, cuya máxima expresión sería la fundación de la ciudad de Arucci.

Todo ello nos permitirá saber más sobre si estas poblaciones presentaban, o no, relaciones de subordinación, si la conquista romana pudo aprovechar la realidad social previa a su favor, qué papel desempeñan los recursos naturales del entorno en todo ello o cómo se traducen estas cuestiones en el modelo de poblamiento.
Objectos miniaturizados de Fribolite da Beira interior (Portugal). Caracterização, contextos e simbolismo numa perspectiva diacrónica
Authors: Vilaça Raquel
Published: October 2022

Los autores se centran en un conjunto de hachas/azuelas en miniatura hechas de fibrolita (variedad fibrosa del mineral sillimanita – Al2SiO5) de Beira Interior (Portugal). La rareza de los nódulos de esta roca, que pueden transformarse en objetos, y su excepcional dimensión estética (textura, cromatismo), ayudan a comprender cuánto se apreció esta materia prima desde el Neolítico y el Calcolítico. Esta contribución demuestra que la fibrolita no solo continuó siendo manipulada en la Edad del Bronce Final, sino que el simbolismo inherente a este tipo de artefactos dentro del alcance del fenómeno de la miniaturización persistió en el tiempo. Su estudio y el de los respectivos contextos, cuando se conocen, se valoran con los resultados de los análisis de fluorescencia de rayos X, que ofrecen algunas pistas sobre la problemática de la circulación de fibrolitas en la mitad más occidental de la Península Ibérica.
La cerámica del aljibe del Castillo de Viana de Mondéjar (Guadalajara)
Authors: Alcón García Israel Jacobo , BATANERO NIETO ANTONIO
Published: October 2022

Como consecuencia del proyecto de construcción de una Estación Base de Telecomunicaciones (BTS) en el paraje conocido con el nombre de Eras del Castillo en la localidad de Viaja de Mondéjar (Guadalajara) en abril de 2015, se realizó un estudio histórico-arqueológico y patrimonial ante la posible afección de esta singular zona de la comarca de La Alcarria. Sorprendentemente los resultados ofrecieron el hallazgo de un aljibe tallado en el manto rocoso calizo, colmatado por un paquete bastante homogéneo de escombro, que ha sido fechado por los numerosos fragmentos cerámicos documentados en su interior.
Produtividade total do trabalho e estrutura produtiva: uma análise da economia brasileira a partir de subsistemas
Authors: Santini Theo , De Acypreste Rafael
Published: October 2022

O progresso técnico de um país contribui para o crescimento econômico e para a variação de sua estrutura produtiva. Uma análise multissetorial da evolução da produtividade dos setores econômicos demanda medidas que deem conta de toda sua cadeia produtiva, permitindo capturar o efeito de propagação de progresso técnico entre os setores, fato comumente ignorado em medidas convencionais. Com efeito, este trabalho pretende avaliar a produtividade total do trabalho no Brasil, entre 2000 e 2018, a partir do arcabouço teórico dos subsistemas, que considera o trabalho direto e indireto demandado por dado setor, advindos dos outros setores e de si mesmo, para atender à demanda final. Diante disso, nota-se que os setores industriais apresentam encadeamentos produtivos mais robustos, mas que vêm apresentando baixas taxas de crescimento de produtividade e perda na composição dos empregos no país. O setor agrícola, por outro lado, apresentou taxas de crescimento da produtividade elevados, o que indica alta competitividade, mas com sensível redução de requerimentos de mão de obra, tanto diretos quanto indiretos. Embora este setor tenha menos encadeamentos produtivos, ele ajudou a propagar progresso técnico para os demais setores que adquirem seus produtos como insumos, direta ou indiretamente.
How can students in vocational education be motivated to learn mathematics?
Authors: Muhrman Karolina
Published: October 2022

The aim of this article is to discuss how mathematics teaching with a closer connection to students’ vocational orientation can increase their motivation to learn mathematics. This article uses a motivation theory called self-determination theory to analyse interviews and observations made in two different studies investigating mathematics in vocational education. The results indicate that there are many vocational students who are unmotivated to learn mathematics because they do not see any relevance in the subject. However, there seem to be positive aspects regarding vocational students’ motivation to learn mathematics when they are given the opportunity to work with vocational-integrated mathematics tasks, especially in a vocationally authentic environment. In relation to self-determination theory, it is possible to see increased motivation linked to a sense of meaningfulness, competence and self-determination, as well as increased social collaboration. However, teachers need to be observant of students’ goals for their studies, so that even those who do not see a future in the vocation they are training for will find motivating factors for their learning in mathematics.
Potential Interactions Between Cerebellar Dysfunction and Sleep Disturbances in Dystonia
Authors: Salazar Leon Luis E. , Sillitoe Roy V.
Published: October 2022

Dystonia is the third most common movement disorder. It causes debilitating twisting postures that are accompanied by repetitive and sometimes intermittent co- or over-contractions of agonist and antagonist muscles. Historically diagnosed as a basal ganglia disorder, dystonia is increasingly considered a network disorder involving various brain regions including the cerebellum. In certain etiologies of dystonia, aberrant motor activity is generated in the cerebellum and the abnormal signals then propagate through a “dystonia circuit” that includes the thalamus, basal ganglia, and cerebral cortex. Importantly, it has been reported that non-motor defects can accompany the motor symptoms; while their severity is not always correlated, it is hypothesized that common pathways may nevertheless be disrupted. In particular, circadian dysfunction and disordered sleep are common non-motor patient complaints in dystonia. Given recent evidence suggesting that the cerebellum contains a circadian oscillator, displays sleep-stage-specific neuronal activity, and sends robust long-range projections to several subcortical regions involved in circadian rhythm regulation, disordered sleep in dystonia may result from cerebellum-mediated dysfunction of the dystonia circuit. Here, we review the evidence linking dystonia, cerebellar network dysfunction, and cerebellar involvement in sleep. Together, these ideas may form the basis for the development of improved pharmacological and surgical interventions that could take advantage of cerebellar circuitry to restore normal motor function as well as non-motor (sleep) behaviors in dystonia.
Prospects of dietary seaweeds and their bioactive compounds in sustainable poultry production systems: A symphony of good things?
Authors: Mlambo Victor , Mnisi Caven M. , Matshogo Tumisang B. , Mhlongo Godfrey
Published: October 2022

Modern poultry production systems face numerous economic, environmental, and social sustainability challenges that threaten their viability and acceptability as a major source of animal protein. As scientists and producers scramble to find cost-effective and socially acceptable solutions to these challenges, the dietary use of marine macroalgae (seaweeds) could be an ingenious option. Indeed, the incredible array of nutritive and bioactive compounds present in these macroscopic marine organisms can be exploited as part of sustainable poultry production systems of the future. Incorporating seaweeds in poultry diets could enhance feed utilization efficiency, growth performance, bird health, meat stability and quality, and consumer and environmental health. Theoretically, these benefits are mediated through the putative antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, antithrombotic, neuroprotective, hypocholesterolemic, and hypoglycemic properties of seaweed bioactive compounds. Despite this huge potential, exploitation of seaweed for poultry production appears to be constrained by a variety of factors such as high fibre, phenolics, and ash content. In addition, conflicting findings are often reported when seaweeds or their extracts are used in poultry feeding trials. Therefore, the purpose of this review paper is to collate information on the production, phytochemical components, and nutritive value of different seaweed species. It provides an overview ofin vivoeffects of dietary seaweeds as measured by nutrient utilization efficiency, growth performance, and product quality and stability in poultry. The utility of dietary seaweeds in sustainable poultry production systems is explored, while gaps that require further research are highlighted. Finally, opportunities that exist for enhancing the utility of seaweeds as a vehicle for sustainable production of functional poultry products for better global food and nutrition security are presented.
A pilot clinical validation study of a self-collected vaginal swab device for the detection of chlamydia trachomatis in women
Authors: Muljadi Michael , Cheng Chao-Min , Yang Chung-Yao , Chang Ting-Chang , Shen Ching-Ju
Published: October 2022

Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) is one of the most prevalent preventable sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in the world. In women, C. trachomatis infection can lead to long-term complications such as pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), and other related conditions such as ectopic pregnancies and even tubal factor infertility. These complications are preventable given early detection and clinical intervention, but these efforts are often hampered by asymptomatic silent infections, and non-compliance to screenings for STDs. Some women do not get tested out of concerns for violation of privacy, and fear of discomfort. Clinicians often use a multitude of tests to determine if a patient is infected by C. trachomatis, including a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test of First catch urine (FCU) samples. However, these tend to be inconvenient to store and transport, as they carry risk of spillage and have stringent refrigeration requirements. Moreover, given the gold-standard recommendations set forth by the Centres for Disease Control (CDC), the current technique can be inconvenient in remote areas where refrigeration and transport may not always be reliable. The current study therefore looks at the potential of a self-collected vaginal swab device that relies on Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests (NAATs), is dry-stored, and does not require refrigeration, to detect the presence of C. trachomatis in women. The study found evidence to suggest that the self-collection device has the potential to aid clinicians in the diagnosis of C. trachomatis in women when compared to doctor-collected vaginal discharge samples as the designated standard, FCU, and blood serology. Moreover, as a self-collection device it has the potential to break down some of the barriers to STD screening especially in young women, such as violation of privacy. The device therefore has a potential to encourage screening and therefore a potentially effective tool in the fight against the spread of preventable sexually transmitted diseases.
Research progress of cartilage lubrication and biomimetic cartilage lubrication materials
Authors: An Haoming , Liu Yubo , Yi Jiafeng , Xie Hongbin , Li Chao , Wang Xing , Chai Wei
Published: October 2022

Human joints move thousands of times a day. The articular cartilage plays a vital role in joints’ protection. If there is dysfunction in cartilage lubrication, cartilage cannot maintain its normal function. Eventually, the dysfunction may bring about osteoarthritis (OA). Extensive researches have shown that fluid film lubrication, boundary lubrication, and hydration lubrication are three discovered lubrication models at cartilage surface, and analyzing and simulating the mechanism of cartilage lubrication are fundamental to the treatment of OA. This essay concludes recent researches on the progress of cartilage lubrication and biomimetic cartilage, revealing the pathophysiology of cartilage lubrication and updating bio-inspired cartilage lubrication applications.
Ultraviolet dosage and decontamination efficacy were widely variable across 14 UV devices after testing a dried enveloped ribonucleic acid virus surrogate for SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Buhr Tony L. , Borgers-Klonkowski Erica , Gutting Bradford W. , Hammer Emlyn E. , Hamilton Shelia M. , Huhman Brett M. , Jackson Stuart L. , Kennihan Neil L. , Lilly Samuel D. , Little John D. , Luck Brooke B. , Matuczinski Emily A. , Miller Charles T. , Sides Rachel E. , Yates Vanessa L. , Young Alice A.
Published: October 2022

Aims: The dosages and efficacy of 14 ultraviolet (UV) decontamination technologies were measured against a SARS-CoV-2 surrogate virus that was dried onto different materials for laboratory and field testing.

Methods and results: A live enveloped, ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus surrogate for SARS-CoV-2 was dried on stainless steel 304 (SS304), Navy Top Coat-painted SS304 (NTC), cardboard, polyurethane, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) materials at > 8.0 log10 plaque-forming units (PFU) per test coupon. The coupons were then exposed to UV radiation during both laboratory and field testing. Commercial and prototype UV-emitting devices were measured for efficacy: four handheld devices, three room/surface-disinfecting machines, five air disinfection devices, and two larger custom-made machines. UV device dosages ranged from 0.01 to 729 mJ cm−2. The antiviral efficacy among the different UV devices ranged from no decontamination up to nearly achieving sterilization. Importantly, cardboard required far greater dosage than SS304.

Conclusion: Enormous variability in dosage and efficacy was measured among the different UV devices. Porous materials limit the utility of UV decontamination.

Significance and impact of the study: UV devices have wide variability in dosages, efficacy, hazards, and UV output over time, indicating that each UV device needs independent technical measurement and assessment for product development prior to and during use.
Improved contractile potential in detrusor microtissues from pediatric patients with end stage lower urinary tract dysfunction
Authors: Gerwinn Tim , Salemi Souzan , Schori Larissa J. , Planta Dafni , Eberli Daniel , Horst Maya
Published: October 2022

Autologous cell-based tissue engineering has been proposed as a treatment option for end stage lower urinary tract dysfunction (ESLUTD). However, it is generally accepted that cells isolated from patient bladders retain the pathological properties of their tissue of origin and therefore need to be improved before they can serve as a cell source for tissue engineering applications. We hypothesize that human three-dimensional (3D) microtissues of detrusor smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are valuable ex vivo disease models and potent building blocks for bladder tissue engineering. Detrusor SMCs isolated from bladder wall biopsies of pediatric ESLUTD patients and healthy controls were expanded and cultured into 3D microtissues. Gene and protein analyses were performed to explore the effect of microtissue formation on SMC viability, contractile potential, bladder wall specific extracellular matrix (ECM) composition and mediators of ECM remodeling. Through microtissue formation, remodeling and intensified cell-cell interactions, the ESLUTD SMCs lost their characteristic disease phenotype. These microtissues exhibited similar patterns of smooth muscle related contractile proteins and essential bladder wall-specific ECM components as microtissues from healthy control subjects. Thus, the presented data suggest improved contractile potential and ECM composition in detrusor SMC microtissues from pediatric ESLUTD patients. These findings are of great relevance, as 3D detrusor SMC microtissues might be an appropriate cell source for autologous cell-based bladder tissue engineering.
Dephosphorylation in nuclear reassembly after mitosis
Authors: Archambault Vincent , Li Jingjing , Emond-Fraser Virginie , Larouche Myreille
Published: October 2022

In most animal cell types, the interphase nucleus is largely disassembled during mitotic entry. The nuclear envelope breaks down and chromosomes are compacted into separated masses. Chromatin organization is also mostly lost and kinetochores assemble on centromeres. Mitotic protein kinases play several roles in inducing these transformations by phosphorylating multiple effector proteins. In many of these events, the mechanistic consequences of phosphorylation have been characterized. In comparison, how the nucleus reassembles at the end of mitosis is less well understood in mechanistic terms. In recent years, much progress has been made in deciphering how dephosphorylation of several effector proteins promotes nuclear envelope reassembly, chromosome decondensation, kinetochore disassembly and interphase chromatin organization. The precise roles of protein phosphatases in this process, in particular of the PP1 and PP2A groups, are emerging. Moreover, how these enzymes are temporally and spatially regulated to ensure that nuclear reassembly progresses in a coordinated manner has been partly uncovered. This review provides a global view of nuclear reassembly with a focus on the roles of dephosphorylation events. It also identifies important open questions and proposes hypotheses.
Therapeutic effect of natural polyphenols against glioblastoma
Authors: Beylerli Ozal , Beilerli Aferin , Shumadalova Alina , Wang Xiaoxiong , Yang Mingchun , Sun Hanran , Teng Lei
Published: October 2022

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive tumor of the central nervous system, which has a highly invasive growth pattern, which creates poor prospects for patient survival. Chemotherapy and tumor surgery are limited by anticancer drug resistance and tumor invasion. Evidence suggests that combinations of treatments may be more effective than single drugs alone. Natural polyphenolic compounds have potential as drugs for the treatment of glioblastoma and are considered as potential anticancer drugs. Although these beneficial effects are promising, the efficacy of natural polyphenolic compounds in GBM is limited by their bioavailability and blood-brain barrier permeability. Many of them have a significant effect on reducing the progression of glioblastoma through mechanisms such as reduced migration and cell invasion or chemosensitization. Various chemical formulations have been proposed to improve their pharmacological properties. This review summarizes natural polyphenolic compounds and their physiological effects in glioblastoma models by modulating signaling pathways involved in angiogenesis, apoptosis, chemoresistance, and cell invasion. Polyphenolic compounds are emerging as promising agents for combating the progression of glioblastoma. However, clinical trials are still needed to confirm the properties of these compounds in vitro and in vivo.
Compressive stress drives adhesion-dependent unjamming transitions in breast cancer cell migration
Authors: Cai Grace , Nguyen Anh , Bashirzadeh Yashar , Lin Shan-Shan , Bi Dapeng , Liu Allen P.
Published: October 2022

Cellular unjamming is the collective fluidization of cell motion and has been linked to many biological processes, including development, wound repair, and tumor growth. In tumor growth, the uncontrolled proliferation of cancer cells in a confined space generates mechanical compressive stress. However, because multiple cellular and molecular mechanisms may be operating simultaneously, the role of compressive stress in unjamming transitions during cancer progression remains unknown. Here, we investigate which mechanism dominates in a dense, mechanically stressed monolayer. We find that long-term mechanical compression triggers cell arrest in benign epithelial cells and enhances cancer cell migration in transitions correlated with cell shape, leading us to examine the contributions of cell–cell adhesion and substrate traction in unjamming transitions. We show that cadherin-mediated cell–cell adhesion regulates differential cellular responses to compressive stress and is an important driver of unjamming in stressed monolayers. Importantly, compressive stress does not induce the epithelial–mesenchymal transition in unjammed cells. Furthermore, traction force microscopy reveals the attenuation of traction stresses in compressed cells within the bulk monolayer regardless of cell type and motility. As traction within the bulk monolayer decreases with compressive pressure, cancer cells at the leading edge of the cell layer exhibit sustained traction under compression. Together, strengthened intercellular adhesion and attenuation of traction forces within the bulk cell sheet under compression lead to fluidization of the cell layer and may impact collective cell motion in tumor development and breast cancer progression.
Nanoengineered, magnetically guided drug delivery for tumors: A developmental study
Authors: Chen Tieyu , Kou Yanyu , Zheng Ruiling , Wang Hailun , Liang Gang
Published: October 2022

Fighting against tumors is an ongoing challenge in both medicinal and clinical applications. In recent years, chemotherapy, along with surgery, has significantly improved the situation to prolong life expectancy. Theoretically, and regardless of dosage, we now have drugs that are strong enough to eliminate most tumors. However, due to uncontrollable drug distribution in the body, it is difficult to increase treatment efficiency by simply increasing dosages. For this reason, the need for a drug delivery system that can release “bombs” at the target organ or tissue as precisely as possible has elicited the interest of researchers. In our work, we design and construct a silica-based nanocomposite to meet the above demand. The novel nanocomposite drug carrier can be guided to target tumors or tissue by a magnetic field, since it is constructed with superparamagnetic Fe3O4 as the core. The Fe3O4 core is clad in a mesoporous silica molecular sieve MCM-41 (represented as MS, in this article), since this MS has enormous ordered hexagonal caves providing sufficient space to hold the drug molecules. To modify the magnetically guided carriers so that they become both magnetically guided and light-responsive, benzophenone hydrazone is coupled into the molecular sieve tunnel. When a certain wavelength of light is imposed on the gating molecules, C=N double bonds vibrate and swing, causing the cavity that holds the drug molecules to change size and open the tunnels. Hence, the nanocomposite has the ability to release loaded drugs with light irradiation. The structure, loading abilities, and the size of the nanocomposite are inspected with a scanning electron microscope, a transmission electron microscope, thermogravimetry analysis, N2 adsorption/desorption, and dynamic light scattering The biocompatibility and in vitro drug molecule controlled release are tested with an SMMC-7721 cell line.
CO2-assisted fabrication of silica gel adsorbent in honeycomb rotary wheels for air dehumidification
Authors: You Junjie , Qin Junbo , Du Chuanqing , Fu Jianhua , Cheng Siqing
Published: October 2022

A honeycomb rotary wheel fabricated from sheet adsorbent of silica gel is a competitive drying facility for air dehumidification in modern drying and air conditioning industries due to its large contacting area (3,000 m2/m3) and the rapid diffusion of the adsorbate compared to silica gel pellets. The delicate preparation procedure of hygroscopic silica gel is paramount for improved adsorption capacity by optimizing the surface area, pore size, and pore volume of silica gel. In this article, silica gel adsorbent in a honeycomb rotary wheel was fabricated by neutralizing the impregnated water glass solution with a modulus of 3.3 on the glass fiber sheet of the honeycomb matrix using CO2 at different pressure at room temperature instead of corrosive acids. The as-obtained silica gel absorbent was characterized by XRD, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), specific surface area and pore size analysis, and dynamic vapor/gas sorption analysis. The results showed that the as-obtained silica gel adsorbent is uniform in size and tunable in terms of specific surface area, pore size, pore volume, and adsorption capacity by CO2 pressure. The typical silica gel fabricated by CO2 of 0.25 MPa with a specific surface area of 764.86 m2/g, an average micropore size with a diameter of 2.94 nm, and a pore volume of 0.45 ml/g delivers a saturated adsorption capacity of as high as 287.24 mg/g at RH 50%, which is the best in adsorption performance compared to the previously reported results. This provides a new strategy for environment-friendly manufacturing of silica gel adsorbent in honeycomb rotary wheels for air dehumidification.