bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of advective solute infiltration into porous media by pulsed focused ultrasound-induced acoustic streaming effects
Authors: Van Reet Jared , Tunnell Kate , Anderson Kara , Kim Hyun-Chul , Kim Evgenii , Kowsari Kavin , Yoo Seung-Schik
Published: September 2023

Purpose: Acoustic streaming induced by applying transcranial focused ultrasound (FUS) promotes localized advective solute transport in the brain and has recently garnered research interest for drug delivery and enhancement of brain waste clearance. The acoustic streaming behavior in brain tissue is difficult to model numerically and thus warrants an in vitro examination of the effects of using different sonication parameters, in terms of frequency, intensity, and pulse duration (PD).Methods: Melamine and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) foams were used to mimic the porous brain tissue, which contains leptomeningeal fenestrations and perivascular space, while agar hydrogel was used to emulate denser neuropil. FUS was delivered to these media, which were immersed in a phosphate-buffered saline containing toluidine blue O dye, across various frequencies (400, 500, and 600 kHz; applicable to transcranial delivery) in a pulsed mode at two different spatialpeak pulse-average intensities (3 and 4 W/cm2).Results: Image analysis showed that the use of 400 kHz yielded the greatest dye infiltration in melamine foam, while sonication had no impact on infiltration in the agar hydrogel due to the dominance of diffusional transport. Using a fixed spatial-peak temporal-average intensity of 0.4 W/cm2 at 400 kHz, a PD of 75 ms resulted in the greatest infiltration depth in both melamine and PVA foams among the tested range (50-150 ms).Conclusion: These findings suggest the existence of a specific frequency and PD that induce greater enhancement of solute/fluid movement, which may contribute to eventual in vivo applications in promoting waste clearance from the brain.
Application of O-RADS US combined with MV-Flow to diagnose ovarian-adnexal tumors
Authors: Ruan Linlin , Liu Hui , Xiang Hong , Ni Yongkang , Feng Yuling , Zhou Huili , Qi Mengtong
Published: September 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the application of Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System Ultrasound (O-RADS US) combined with MV-Flow (Samsung Medison Co., Ltd.) to diagnose ovarian-adnexal masses.Methods: A total of 112 ovarian-adnexal masses (81 benign and 31 malignant) from 105 consecutive patients were analyzed. The O-RADS US and vascular index from MV-Flow (VIMV) were measured and compared with the reference standard. O-RADS US and MV-Flow were tested for consistency.Results: Receiver operating characteristic curves were drawn for O-RADS US, MV-Flow, and their combination. The combined methods had the largest area under the curve (0.955), followed by O-RADS US (0.929) and MV-Flow (0.923). A mass was considered malignant when the O-RADS US classification was 5 and VIMV was ≥7.15. With this definition, MV-Flow had the highest sensitivity (87.10%), with consistent findings for the combined diagnostic methods and O-RADS US (83.87%). The specificity of the combined diagnostic methods (93.83%) was higher than that of MV-Flow (91.36%). O-RADS US had the lowest specificity (90.12%). The combined diagnostic methods had the highest coincidence rate (91.07%), and MV-Flow (90.18%) had a significantly higher coincidence rate than O-RADS US (88.39%). Both O-RADS US and MV-Flow showed good consistency among different physicians (former kappa, 0.974; latter intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC], 0.986). MV-Flow had a high consistency for the same physician (ICC, 1).Conclusion: O-RADS US and MV-Flow exhibited good diagnostic efficacy, and their combined diagnostic efficacy was higher than that of each individually. O-RADS US and MV-Flow can improve the diagnosis of benign and malignant ovarian-adnexal masses.
Artificial intelligence in breast ultrasound: application in clinical practice
Authors: Fruchtman Brot Hila , Mango Victoria  L.
Published: September 2023

Ultrasound (US) is a widely accessible and extensively used tool for breast imaging. It is commonly used as an additional screening tool, especially for women with dense breast tissue. Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have led to the development of various AI systems that assist radiologists in identifying and diagnosing breast lesions using US. This article provides an overview of the background and supporting evidence for the use of AI in hand held breast US. It discusses the impact of AI on clinical workflow, covering breast cancer detection, diagnosis, prediction of molecular subtypes, evaluation of axillary lymph node status, and response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Additionally, the article highlights the potential significance of AI in breast US for low and middle income countries.
Ultrasound-guided ethanol ablation versus the Sistrunk operation as a primary treatment for thyroglossal duct cysts
Authors: Ahn Dongbin , Kwak Ji Hye , Lee Gil Joon , Sohn Jin Ho
Published: September 2023

Purpose: This study compared ethanol ablation (EA) with the Sistrunk operation (SO) with regard to feasibility, treatment efficacy, and cost-effectiveness. The goal was to evaluate whether EA could replace SO as a primary treatment modality for thyroglossal duct cysts (TGDCs).Methods: This retrospective case-control study included patients with TGDCs who were treated with either EA or SO between 2016 and 2022. The primary outcome variables evaluated were treatment efficacy (as measured by the volume reduction rate [VRR] and treatment success rate), complications, and cost-effectiveness.Results: A total of 72 patients were enrolled, with 33 in the EA group and 39 in the SO group. The procedure or operation times for the EA and SO groups were 9 and 82 minutes, respectively (P<0.001). At the final follow-up appointment, the VRR was 94.1% for the EA group and 100.0% for the SO group (P<0.001). Treatment success was achieved for 32 patients (97.0%) in the EA group and for all 39 patients (100.0%) in the SO group (P=0.458). The overall complication rates were 0.0% and 17.9% in the EA and SO groups, respectively (P=0.013). The total costs, including all treatment procedures and follow-up ultrasound examinations, were $485 and $1,081.7 for the EA and SO groups, respectively (P<0.001).Conclusion: EA demonstrates superiority over SO in terms of feasibility, safety, and costeffectiveness, while maintaining comparable treatment efficacy. Despite the need for multiple treatment sessions in approximately one-quarter of patients, EA can serve as a primary treatment modality for selected patients with TGDCs, supplanting SO.
EXPERIÊNCIA DAS PRÁTICAS INTEGRATIVAS E COMPLEMENTARES NO CUIDADO EM SAÚDE MENTAL EM TERRAS BAIANAS
Authors: Muricy Andrezza Lima , Cortes Helena Moraes , Pinho Paula Hayasi
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: analisar as experiências das práticas integrativas e complementares em saúde (PICS) como estratégia de cuidado pelos trabalhadores e usuários de saúde mental num município baiano. Método: utilizou-se o referencial teórico de Boas Práticas em Saúde Mental Comunitária pelo método da Pesquisa Convergente Assistencial. Realizaram-se entrevistas semiestruturadas com usuários e trabalhadores. O cenário do estudo deu-se na região metropolitana de Salvador, em seis unidades de saúde, que ofertam práticas integrativas e complementares. Analisaram-se os dados pela técnica da análise temática. Resultados: foram agrupados na categoria temática: PICS como experiência de cuidado ampliado em saúde mental. Conclusão: PICS possibilitam a garantia de cuidado integral, considerando a complexidade das pessoas que adoecem e possibilitam a ampliação da oferta terapêutica respeitando aos desejos individuais dos sujeitos.
A extensão universitária na promoção à saúde
Authors: Bezerra Isaac Newton Machado , Nascimento Jânio Luiz do , Ferreira Brenda Nayara Carlos , Lima Jônia Cybele Santos , Guerra Eliana Costa
Published: September 2023

Este estudo retrata as experiências de estudantes de graduação da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) na construção de espaços de discussão acerca de temas relevantes na formação em saúde. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, tipo relato de experiência, no contexto das ações do projeto de extensão “Saúde em Foco”, realizado junto à comunidade acadêmica da UFRN e ao público externo, no semestre 2018.1. Foram realizadas três mesas-redondas, em que foram debatidos temas como saúde da mulher; gravidez na adolescência; violência obstétrica e saúde sexual e reprodutiva da mulher em privação de liberdade; saúde do trabalhador; retirada de direitos dos profissionais da saúde, dupla jornada de trabalho e práticas integrativas e complementares em saúde como alternativa de cuidado para esses profissionais; luta antimanicomial; reforma psiquiátrica, práticas manicomiais e saúde mental. A construção de espaços ricos de troca de saberes foi extremamente importante para o desenvolvimento crítico dos participantes, em que os conhecimentos técnicos e vivenciais puderam ser partilhados de forma a completar um ao outro, além de contribuir com a formação em saúde e ampliar debates.
Conhecimento e práticas dos profissionais de saúde e das gestantes no uso de plantas medicinais
Authors: Lima Maria Valéria Chaves de , Oliveira Kalyane Kelly Duarte de , Queiroz Janaina Maciel de , Lima Thaina Jacome Andrade de
Published: September 2023

Este texto objetiva identificar o saber e a prática dos profissionais de saúde e das gestantes acerca do uso de plantas medicinais durante a gravidez. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, de abordagem quantiqualitativa, realizado em cinco unidades de saúde da zona urbana com maior demanda de atendimentos de pré-natal e uma unidade da zona rural de um município do interior do Nordeste brasileiro. A amostra da pesquisa, aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética, foi composta por 18 profissionais de saúde, sendo cinco médicos, cinco enfermeiros e oito agentes comunitários de saúde, além de 16 gestantes. Realizou-se a análise dos resultados segundo metodologia adotada por Bardin (2009). Como resultado tem-se a prática de uso de plantas medicinais por gestantes ocorre sem as devidas orientações, sendo o aprendizado adquirido por saberes tradicionais. Os profissionais de saúde sentem-se incapacitados para intervir ou utilizar esta modalidade terapêutica. É necessário investir em capacitações que abordem a temática, buscando orientar profissionais de modo seguro quanto ao uso adequado de plantas medicinais. Essa prática terapêutica permite inovar no cuidado e na valorização do saber popular, fortalecendo o vínculo entre usuários e profissionais.
O impacto de métodos ativos no ensino de Química para alunos da EJA
Authors: Dias Kleber Mendes Pereira , Dias Claudio Mendes , Rego Sheila Cristina Ribeiro , Sasaki Daniel Guilherme Gomes
Published: September 2023

Esta pesquisa objetivou avaliar o impacto dos métodos ativos Instrução pelos Colegas (IpC) + Ensino sob Medida (EsM) nas crenças dos alunos do ensino médio da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) de um colégio da rede federal do Rio de Janeiro, em relação às aulas de química. Para isso, os alunos tiveram aulas sobre ligações químicas com os métodos IpC + EsM e aulas regulares expositivas sobre os demais tópicos da disciplina, visando compará-las. Coletamos os dados por meio de uma escala de diferencial semântico e os analisamos estatisticamente por teste de hipóteses, além de fazermos entrevistas com os alunos. Os resultados sugerem que o método IpC impactou as crenças dos alunos positivamente, além de revelarem que o método EsM não teve a adesão esperada.
Comunidades quilombolas, práticas corporais e Educação Física Escolar
Authors: Campos Félix William Medeiros , Maldonado Daniel Teixeira
Published: September 2023

O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender a cultura das práticas corporais realizadas nas comunidades quilombolas, com a intencionalidade de analisar se essas manifestações culturais fazem parte das aulas de Educação Física Escolar em uma perspectiva da educação popular. A produção de conhecimento acerca da temática foi analisada no catálogo de dissertações e teses da CAPES com as palavras-chave “Práticas Corporais Quilombolas” e “Educação Física Escolar”. O levantamento de dados aconteceu entre os meses de dezembro de 2022 e janeiro de 2023, e onze estudos foram separados para a leitura na íntegra. O material empírico foi submetido à análise de conteúdo e evidenciou-se que poucas pesquisas problematizam as práticas corporais quilombolas na Educação Física Escolar. A demanda maior de trabalhos ainda se dá no campo da educação e com objetos pautados no cotidiano vivido pelos povos quilombolas, como a formação da identidade negra e a sua cultura. As práticas corporais realizadas nessas comunidades demonstram a importância de jogos, brincadeiras, danças e expressões corporais, pois são passados de geração em geração e refletem as concepções culturais da formação dos quilombos em territórios brasileiros. Defendemos que é necessário descolonizar o currículo da Educação Física com projetos político-pedagógicos que tematizem as práticas corporais quilombolas.
Economic Feasibility Study of Rooftop Solar Power Plant 32 kWp in PT KPJB Office Building, PLTU Tanjung Jati B, Kabupaten Jepara
Authors: Sensa Ritzky Cinicy Oky , Windarta Jaka , Saptadi Singgih
Published: September 2023

Strategic initiatives in an effort to increase the role of New and Renewable Energy in the energy mix as a supply of power plants, one of which is the development of Solar Power Plants (PLTS) for own use at PLN's existing Power Plants. In 2021, the percentage of self-use power at PLTU Tanjung Jati B reaches 5.25% or the equivalent of 543 GWh, where PT. KPJB office building is one of the loads that receives self-use from the PLTU grid. Rooftop Solar Power Plant (PLTS) has been implemented on to replace the role of supplying electrical energy from the PLTU to several equipment to support the company's operations. After conducting an economic feasibility study with 3 calculation methods, namely Net Present Value (IDR. 210,436,003.12), Benefit Cost Ratio (1.17), and Payback Period (16.90), theoretically implementing a 32 kWp PLTS Rooftop can indeed said worthy. But with the three calculation results that can be considered very low with an estimated return on investment reaching almost 17 years.
Welsh Language Fanfiction in Light of Welsh Cultural and National Identity and Language Revitalisation
Authors: Zduńczyk Nikola , Rogulska Marta , Sokulski Daniel
Published: September 2023

While the field of fan studies is constantly growing, it has been scarcely researched in relation to minority languages and language revitalisation. In this paper we have undertaken to explore the small and previously unexplored realm of Welsh-language fanfiction, focusing on the motivations to read and write it. The aim was to explore the possible role of fanfiction in language revitalisation by investigating a relationship between these motivations and the cultural and national identity of the authors and readers, as well as their attitude towards the Welsh language. The article presents the results of a study conducted in 2022 through the use of online surveys on a sample of readers of Welsh-language fanfiction found on the Tumblr platform, and semi-structured interviews with authors of fanfiction posted on Archive of Our Own. The study revealed that the decision to participate in the fandom was strongly connected to the cultural, and in particular linguistic identity of authors and readers, and to a much lesser extent to their national identity. Two out of three major motivations emerging from the study: a wish to broaden the use of language online and the wish to learn it can be connected with language revitalization. Engagement with fanfiction was perceived as an accessible form of leisure available in Welsh and as a safe space for both learners and native speakers to creatively use the language without fear of criticism, which suggests the importance and possible use of fandom in language revitalisation. However, the study also points to some difficulties in developing a fan community around Welsh fanfiction, mostly due to technical limitations and the small amount of popular media created originally in Welsh.
Computer-based analysis of the taper connection strength of different revision head and adapter sleeve designs
Authors: Meier Johanna , Hembus Jessica , Bader Rainer , Vogel Danny
Published: September 2023

Objectives

Ceramic revision heads, equipped with titanium adapter sleeves, are used in femoral head revision in total hip arthroplasty to avoid ceramic fracture due to the damaged taper.

Methods

A finite element analysis of the taper connection strength of revision heads with varying head diameters combined with adapter sleeves of different lengths was conducted. The influence of various assembly forces, head diameter, and length of the adapter sleeves was evaluated. For two combinations, the pattern of contact pressure was evaluated when applying a simplified joint load (3 kN, 45° load angle). Experimental validation was conducted with 36 mm heads and adapter sleeves in size S, as well as 28 mm heads and adapter sleeves in size XL.

Results

The pull-off force increased with higher assembly forces. Using larger head diameters and adapter sleeves led to decreased pull-off forces, a reduced contact surface, and less contact pressure. The contact pressure showed significant peaks and a diagonal pattern under 45° angle loading when assembly forces were less than 4 kN, and larger adapter sleeves were utilized.

Conclusion

A sufficient assembly force should be ensured intraoperatively, especially with an increasing head diameter and adapter sleeve size, as lower assembly forces might lead to reduced taper connection strength.
Effects of a full-body electrostimulation garment application in a cohort of subjects with cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, and stroke on upper motor neuron syndrome symptoms
Authors: Hahn Andreas , Moeller Susan , Schlausch Arne , Ekmann Matilda , de Chelle Gautier , Westerlund Marie , Braatz Frank , Mayr Winfried
Published: September 2023

Objectives

Dysfunction of the central nervous system may inflict spastic movement disorder (SMD). Electrical stimuli were identified as promising therapeutic option. Electrical stimulation provided by a 58-electrode full body garment was investigated based on data from regular trial fittings.

Methods

Data from 72 testees were investigated. Age averages 36.6 (19.8) ys with 44 females. The cohort spans infantile cerebral paresis (CP) (n=29), multiple sclerosis (MS) (n=23) and stroke (n=20). Data were stratified by etiology and an entry BBS Score<45.

Results

Effect sizes (Cohen`s d) related BBS, TUG, FGA, 10mWT, WMFT, EQ5D5L and Pain. Significance levels are indicated by *: p<0.05, **: p<0.01, ***: p<0.001, (t): p<0.1: CP: 1.64***, 0.29*, 1.59***, 0.76(t), 1.00***, 0.5*, 1.28***; MS: 1.83***, 0.83***, 1.28**, 1.07***, 0.93*, 1,11**, 0.78*; Stroke: 1.28**, 0.78**, 0.89, 0.92**, 0.71, 1.26*, 0.78*.

Conclusions

Multi-site transcutaneous electrical stimulation may increase ambulation related skills in subjects with SMD stemming from CP, MS and stroke. The results indicate effects on static and dynamic balance, fall risk, mobility, upper extremity improvement and an overall increase in health utility and a reduction in spasticity related pain. Effects are immediate as well as sustained. These results may inspire individual trial fittings and inform further controlled trials.
Documenting and validating metrological traceability of serum alanine aminotransferase measurements: a priority for medical laboratory community for providing high quality service in hepatology
Authors: Panteghini Mauro
Published: September 2023

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) represents the first-level test to detect individuals with hepatocellular damage of any etiology. However, it has been highlighted that the lack of assay harmonization may lead to overdiagnosis and unnecessary further testing if guideline-recommended fixed cut-offs are uncritically employed. To solve the issue of ALT (dis)harmonization and improve the interpretation of its values, a series of urgent actions for documenting and validating metrological traceability of serum ALT measurements, as described in this paper, are no longer postponeable. It is time that all medical laboratory stakeholders (in vitro diagnostic manufacturers, laboratorians, external quality assessment scheme organizers) actively co-operate to implement the ALT standardization in a concerted action following well-established theoretical assumptions and applying experimental approaches described in literature.
Diurnal temperature variation and the implications for diagnosis and infectious disease screening: a population-based study
Authors: Miller Aaron C. , Koeneman Scott H. , Suneja Manish , Cavanaugh Joseph E. , Polgreen Philip M.
Published: September 2023

Objectives

Fevers have been used as a marker of disease for hundreds of years and are frequently used for disease screening. However, body temperature varies over the course of a day and across individual characteristics; such variation may limit the detection of febrile episodes complicating the diagnostic process. Our objective was to describe individual variation in diurnal temperature patterns during episodes of febrile activity using millions of recorded temperatures and evaluate the probability of recording a fever by sex and for different age groups.

Methods

We use timestamped deidentified temperature readings from thermometers across the US to construct illness episodes where continuous periods of activity in a single user included a febrile reading. We model the mean temperature recorded and probability of registering a fever across the course of a day using sinusoidal regression models while accounting for user age and sex. We then estimate the probability of recording a fever by time of day for children, working-age adults, and older adults.

Results

We find wide variation in body temperatures over the course of a day and across individual characteristics. The diurnal temperature pattern differed between men and women, and average temperatures declined for older age groups. The likelihood of detecting a fever varied widely by the time of day and by an individual’s age or sex.

Conclusions

Time of day and demographics should be considered when using body temperatures for diagnostic or screening purposes. Our results demonstrate the importance of follow-up thermometry readings if infectious diseases are suspected.
Postdemokratie als Krisendiagnose
Authors: Kersting Daniel
Published: September 2023

The article looks into the critical potential, but also the limits of the current discussion on post-democracy and the crisis of democracy and proposes an examination of the concept of crisis. The thesis is that the current talk of a crisis of democracy suggests an uncritical, namely restitutive understanding of the crisis that could be appropriated for an apology of Western liberal democracy. In contrast, the text argues for a renewed focus on the self-reflexive and critical potential of the term. Based on a pragmatist concept of problem and action, “crisis” is defined as a certain kind of problem-solving problem and further determined on the basis of four criteria. The contribution this definition makes to the current debate is shown by the example of Jacques Rancière’s diagnosis of post-democracy, which can be read as a diagnosis of crisis in the defined self-reflexive and critical sense.
The hybrid pulse amplitude width modulation scheme: high efficiency technique for dimmable VLC systems
Authors: El Jbari Mohamed , Moussaoui Mohamed
Published: September 2023

Visible-light communications (VLC) is an environmentally friendly optical wireless communication (OWC) technology that operates in the 400–800 THz frequency band. It is currently a critical technology for 5G and 6G wireless indoor applications due to its high data rates, low latency, and superior reliability. Intensity modulated direct detection (IM/DD) is widely used in VLC systems. A channel modulation scheme is designed using L-level pulse modulation techniques such as on–off keying (OOK), amplitude modulation (PAM), position modulation (PPM), and the width modulation (PWM). We introduce a novel hybrid modulation scheme n-M-PAWM based on both PAM and PWM schemes to improve throughput and significantly increase power and spectrum efficiency in VLC communication systems. The performance of our proposed hybrid n-M-PAWM scheme is studied in several aspects, including the number of transmitted bits per symbol, average BER, information rate ratio (IRR), PAPR, bandwidth, and power requirement. In an extremely noisy VLC system, the proposed 2-M-PAWM modulation outperforms both PPWM and PAPM modulation schemes due to its better BER performances. Additionally, we examine the performance of the VLC system in terms of spectral efficiency (SE) using our proposed PAWM-based dimming control system by varying the number of pulses transmitted during one symbol period. We demonstrate through simulation results that our PAWM-based dimming control system performs significantly better compared to the other pulse modulation schemes. All results of this research show that our proposed hybrid PAWM modulation scheme has high potential for VLC technology in indoor and noisy environments.
Clinical analysis of AN69ST membrane continuous venous hemofiltration in the treatment of severe sepsis
Authors: Gao Yuqiang , Huang Xiaohong , Yang Yanan , Lei Zhenlin , Chen Qingan , Guo Xu , Tian Jia , Gao Xiaoxin
Published: September 2023

We aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy of blood purification technology based on cytokine adsorption in the treatment of sepsis. Sixty patients with sepsis were randomly divided into control (n = 30) and experimental (n = 30) groups. Both groups were given routine treatment and continuous venovenous hemofiltration, and on this basis, the experimental group received acrylonitrile/sodium methacrylate (AN69ST) blood purification. The levels of C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, white blood cell count, albumin, platelets, total bilirubin, creatinine, lactic acid, and APACE II score, as well as secretion of inflammatory factors interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) were compared. The hospitalization time, mechanical ventilation (MV) time, drug use time, and mortality were analyzed. After treatment, the secretion levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were decreased, and other indicators were significantly improved compared with those before treatment (P < 0.05), especially in the experimental group (P < 0.05). The hospitalization time, MV time, and drug use time in the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05), and the mortality was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, blood purification technology based on cytokine adsorption can significantly improve various indicators of sepsis patients, reduce hospitalization time, reduce mortality, and improve the prognosis.
Effects of infill patterns and densities on crack propagation behavior in additive manufactured parts: a comparative study
Authors: Arikan Volkan
Published: September 2023

This study investigates the influence of infill patterns and densities on crack propagation behavior in additive manufactured parts. Through three-point bending tests, force–displacement data were obtained for specimens with different infill patterns, densities, and crack sizes. The results demonstrate that infill density significantly affects the mechanical properties and fracture characteristics of the parts. Higher infill densities result in increased strength but reduced tolerance for deformation, leading to a more abrupt failure mode. The findings highlight the importance of carefully selecting the infill pattern and density to optimize the mechanical performance of 3D-printed parts. Understanding these relationships is crucial for designing robust and reliable structures for various applications in additive manufacturing.
Stabilization of Soft Clay with Sustainable Binders for Dry Deep Mixing Design
Authors: López Ramírez Alejandra , Zhang Yinning , Forsman Juha , Korkiala-Tanttu Leena
Published: September 2023

Dry deep mixing (DDM) is a soil stabilization method widely used in countries with large soft clay areas, such as in the Nordic countries. In Finland, DDM is performed using a binder material that commonly consists of cement and lime in a 50:50 or 30:70 ratio. However, both lime and cement generate large amounts of emissions of carbon dioxide, which has led to a shift toward alternative materials in recent years. This paper presents the results of an extensive testing program where samples of Finnish sensitive soft clay are stabilized with eight different low emissions binders and tested by means of the uniaxial compression strength test. The alternative binders comprise different by-products and/or pozzolanas in varied percentages, which include lime kiln dust (LKD), biomass-based fly ash from bioenergy production, gypsum, blast furnace slag, as well as lime and cement in reduced amounts. The tests were performed on samples stabilized at different binder densities (60, 70, 100, 120, 140, and 160 kg/m3) and after 28 days of curing to determine the optimum densities for DDM design purposes. The results showed that binders such as blast furnace cement, the cement- quicklime-gypsum (33:33:33), and the LKD-cement (50:50) exhibited higher strength than the traditional lime/cement binders at different binder densities. In addition to these results, a simplified CO2 emissions calculation procedure is proposed for a DDM design supporting a road embankment, and two different emissions factors are obtained for the investigated binders. The results showed that some alternative binders can provide high binding efficiency with low CO2 emissions.
Rethinking Early Marriages in Indonesia: Advocating for Reform to Tackle Domestic Conflict, Violence, and Rights Infringements
Authors: Utami Ria Anggraeni , Pradityo Randy , Karo Lidia Br. , Karinda Risna
Published: September 2023

The significance of establishing an age limit for marriage cannot be overstated, as marrying at a young age often leads to heightened domestic conflicts, encompassing instances of domestic violence and an increased likelihood of divorce. This study employs an empirical juridical research method, combining field research and library materials, to delve into the factors contributing to child marriages. The findings reveal various drivers of child marriages, notably rooted in economic hardships within families (poverty), parental-arranged marriages, influence from peer groups with a high prevalence of early marriages, cultural perspectives on marriage age, discontinued education, and instances of premarital sexual activities. The repercussions of child marriages extend beyond the act itself, jeopardizing fundamental rights that the young individuals may have otherwise enjoyed. This research underscores the vulnerability of several rights in the context of child marriages, including the right to education, the right to a sustainable livelihood, the right to holistic growth and development, and the right to live free from violence. The forms of violence stemming from child marriages are manifold, encompassing both physical and psychological abuse perpetrated by partners or individuals with familial ties, such as blood relations, marital bonds, and guardians residing in the household. Addressing these multifaceted factors is crucial for the protection and well-being of individuals ensnared in early marriages, paving the way for more informed policies and interventions.
An abnormal LPA/LPAR1–NHE1 axis leads to the autophagy deficiency of trophoblast cells in recurrent spontaneous abortion
Authors: Chen Min , Shi Jia-Lu , Zheng Zi-Meng , Lin Zhi , Li Ming-Qing , Shao Jun
Published: September 2023

In brief

Autophagy is important for trophoblast cells at the maternal–fetal interface during early pregnancy. This study suggests that trophoblast cells can promote the autophagy under a regulation of the LPA/LPAR 1–NHE1 axis.

The autophagy of trophoblasts is necessary for developing and maintaining a healthy pregnancy. Autophagy dysfunction in trophoblast cells is linked to recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). However, the mechanism underlying trophoblast autophagy is unknown. In this study, we investigated the expression of autophagy-related genes in both normal and RSA villi. We also examined the production of LPA and LPAR1 in trophoblast cells during early pregnancy. We found that the activation of the LPA–LPAR1 axis triggered the autophagy of trophoblast cells and increased the expression of NHE1. Inhibition of NHE1 suppressed the autophagy in trophoblast cells and we confirmed that NHE1 regulates LPA production in trophoblast cells. Additionally, we found decreased expression of autophagy-related genes and LPAR1 in villi from RSA patients. These observations indicate that the LPA/LPAR1–NHE1 axis regulates the autophagy of trophoblast cells during pregnancy. Insufficient autophagy and poor expression of LPAR1 in trophoblast cells may result in the dysfunction of the trophoblasts and an increased risk of spontaneous abortion. Overall, our research elucidated that a positive LPA/LPAR1–NHE1 axis can promote the autophagy of trophoblast cells and the abnormal axis leads to the autophagy deficiency of trophoblast cells in recurrent spontaneous abortion.
Desarrollando el aula nuevo humanista: mediaciones pedagógicas para fomentar el pensamiento crítico
Authors: Baraona Cockerell Miguel , Sancho Ugalde María , Fallas Monge Johnny
Published: September 2023

This article presents in a summary some pedagogical principles and educational practices for the development of the teaching experience within theframe of what we term as the new humanistic classroom, whether be it physical and/or virtual. This text begins with a very brief presentation of our understanding of humanism, New Humanism, The Tri Dimensional Paradigm (TDP), of New Humanism, in order to address in a summarized way, the 14pedagogical principles (14 PPS) of New Humanism derived from the TDP, which promote on a daily basis critical.
Decálogo para una Enseñanza Eficaz
Authors: Murillo F. Javier , Martinez Garrido Cynthia , Hernandez-Castilla Reyes
Published: September 2023

Una de las líneas de investigación más prometedoras para mejorar la calidad de la educación es aquélla que busca determinar cuáles son los factores de aula que contribuyen más eficazmente a que los alumnos aprendan y cómo tiene que desarrollarse la acción educativa en el aula para que se logren sus objetivos. En este artículo se presenta una revisión de las lecciones aprendidas en las miles de investigaciones desarrolladas en todo el mundo sobre enseñanza eficaz. Hemos agrupado en diez grandes factores las características que, según la investigación internacional, definen a una enseñanza eficaz: Implicación y compromiso del docente, Clima de aula, Altas expectativas y autoestima, Lecciones estructuradas, Enseñanza interactiva, Atención a la diversidad, Buena gestión del tiempo, Organización y gestión del aula, Utilización de los recursos didácticos y, Evaluación, seguimiento y retroalimentación continuas; de esta forma se propone lo que sería un “Decálogo para una enseñanza eficaz”.
Los Mapas de Competencias: Una Herramienta para mejorar la Calidad de la Formación Universitaria
Authors: García SanPedro María José , Gairín Sallán Joaquín
Published: September 2023

Los mapas de competencias se presentan como una herramienta necesaria para la formación y la evaluación en la Educación Superior. Pueden considerarse  como una estrategia para favorecer la transparencia, la comunicación de resultados y el desarrollo organizativo. Este trabajo describe los resultados de un Estudio de 12 Casos en España. Se revisan los fundamentos, posibilidades y dificultades del trazado de los mapas como herramienta para mejorar la calidad, así como también los diversos enfoques que se aplican actualmente para adoptar las directrices del Proceso de Bolonia. Los resultados resaltan la complejidad que se asocia al trazado de los mapas de competencias y destacan la necesidad de implantar procesos más participativos para favorecer la responsabilidad colegiada sobre el desarrollo y la evaluación de las competencias.
Aprendiendo de las Voces de los Alumnos y Alumnas para Construir una Escuela Inclusiva
Authors: Sandoval Mena Marta
Published: September 2023

Este artículo comprende fundamentalmente una revisión bibliográfica extensa sobre la temática de la voz de los alumnos desde el marco de la investigación inclusiva considerando que las visiones, perspectivas y apoyos de los alumnos representan aportaciones de inestimable valor para construir una escuela para todos. Se exponen y analizan las modalidades de participación del alumnado en la investigación educativa, centrándonos especialmente en la consulta y en los alumnos como investigadores por ser ambas las formas más frecuentes recogidas en la literatura. Se abordará de forma específica la participación de los alumnos que están en riesgo de exclusión educativa. Por último, se analizarán algunos obstáculos que los investigadores encuentran cuando llevan a cabo estudios de esta índole.
Establishing a Permanent Food Pantry in a Pediatric Emergency Department
Authors: Anderson Brit , Lehto Elizabeth , Hardin-Fanning Frances , Hirst Joelle , Storm Joy , Montgomery Elizabeth , Hussain Amber , Caperell Kerry
Published: September 2023

Childhood food insecurity is associated with adverse health outcomes. Food pantries housed within healthcare facilities have the potential to reduce childhood food insecurity. An interdisciplinary team established a permanent food pantry in the pediatric emergency department of a metropolitan children’s hospital. Members of the team included attending and resident physicians, nurse practitioners, nurses, patient care technicians, a volunteer coordinator, Prevention and Wellness staff, and environmental services staff. The development process, formative evaluation, and impact of the pantry during the first 15 months of use is described. Families presenting to the emergency department were notified of the food pantry and offered a bag of groceries. Data collected included number of adult and children in the household, age ranges of family members, and whether food was accepted. The food pantry provided aid to 2199 households from January 2021 to April 2022. Recipients of food assistance included 4698 children, 3565 adults, and 140 seniors. In addition, the interdisciplinary approach to the development process elucidated barriers to and facilitators of the project’s success, thereby maximizing the food assistance outcome.
Особливості функціонування українського медіаринку на тлі світового (2022 р. — перше півріччя 2023 р.)
Authors: Hotsur Oksana , Lozynskyi Marian
Published: September 2023

У науковій розвідці здійснено аналіз стану медіаринку в Україні у контексті світового медіаринку. Зауважено, що сучасний кризовий період розвитку українських медіа пов’язаний як з внутрішньодержавними подіями, так зі світовими. Тут мова не тільки про російсько-українську війну з лютого 2022 р., але й про пандемію COVID-19, наслідки якого світова економіка переживає до сьогодні. Війна обумовила нову конфігурацію масмедійного ринку України, на якому змогли втриматися не всі традиційні медіа (газети та журнали, телеканали, радіо) та потужні медіагрупи, наприклад, «Медіа Група Україна».

Визначено специфіку загального стану медіаринку, відстежено зміни та певні характеристики його розвитку в умовах російсько-української війни та загальної світової економіки. Звернено увагу на роль соціальних мереж та інтернет-медіа в загальній конфігурації інформаційного ринку. При аналізі кожного сегмента медіаринку, а саме ринку друкованих ЗМІ, радіо- і телемовлення, ринку реклами та онлайн-медіа виявлено певні труднощі в їх розвитку. Так, ринок друкованих медіа програє іншим ринкам за фінансовими показниками, адже не витримує конкуренції з іншими видами ЗМІ. Але він досить успішно адаптується через застосування власних онлайн-версій та сервісів. Ринок друкованих медіа та ринок онлайн-медіа тісно перетинаються. Важливо, що в Україні, орієнтуючись на європейське правове регулювання, ухвалили закон «Про медіа». Також із ринком онлайн-медіа перетинаються інші два ринки — реклами та радіо- і телемовлення, що відповідає світовій тенденції. Стосовно України, то в 2022 р. відбулося скорочення радіо- і телемовників. Ринок реклами лише в цьому році зможе вийти на довоєнні показники. На сьогодні ж функціонує реклама відомих брендів та бренди фармацевтичного бізнесу.

У розвідці також звернено увагу на штучний інтелект, який уже змінює практичну журналістику (його застосовують у написанні новин, сценаріїв, створенні відео, анімації тощо), а згодом, на нашу думку, вплине на журналістську освіту.
Confessional pilgrimage in Ukraine and Germany as a social and communication interaction in the context of modern transformations
Authors: Panchenko Svitlana
Published: September 2023

The article emphasizes that confessional pilgrimage as a social and communicative interaction in the context of modern transformations includes new approaches in Ukraine and Germany. The author describes pilgrimage trips to the cities and villages of Transcarpathia and Bavaria, taking into account the specifics of the routes and socio-communication features. Ukraine should be able to attract foreign and domestic tourists with its historical heritage. In addition, all monuments should be restored in accordance with the relevant programs and laws and be able to be maintained, developed and maintained at the expense of tourists. In addition, it should always be remembered that everything starts with culture in general and the attitude towards cultural monuments in particular. It is important to respect both the educational and cultural heritage of the country, and especially in times of war.

Pilgrimage guidebooks, as well as specialized, documentary, and feature films on relevant topics, stories, and interviews with other pilgrims about making sacred journeys, are of great importance for making a pilgrimage. Therefore, writing a guidebook is appropriate from the point of view of social communication, and it is in this plane that the author tries to reveal the significance of this means of communication through the collection of information, analysis of sources, visits to sacred places, photos, and videos. The development of a guide to pilgrimage sites in the cities and villages of Transcarpathia, as well as cities and villages of Bavaria, is a necessary part of the author's educational research.

The article uses cultural, comparative, and religious studies methods, which allowed the author to analyze issues of religious tourism, pilgrimage taking into account the specifics of this sphere. The author also used historical, systemic and informational approaches.
Information and communication activities and analytics during the Russian-Ukrainian war (on the example of social networks)
Authors: Afanasiev Illia , Novokhatko Leonid , Sinko Andrii
Published: September 2023

The article analyzes the importance of information and communication activities during the war. In particular, it is determined that today there is a battle between Ukraine and the Russian Federation for a narrative, where both countries are looking for legitimacy and success in spreading correct information for themselves, because the perception of these narratives directly affects the course of hostilities. The article outlines the main narratives promoted by Ukraine and Russia.

 The research hypothesis is that the world's first war of social networks is taking place in Ukraine. The interdependence between the spread of the mobile Internet, access to modern gadgets and the activity of propaganda activities in social networks is analyzed.

The main attention in intelligence is paid to the Internet as one of the most influential channels of communication, which is capable of reaching the maximum number of recipients in the shortest possible time, who then distribute the necessary information independently. The article proves that it is social networks that contain a large share of disinformation, which is "thrown in" by information scraps and fake pages. It is noted that fake or untrue content has a much higher chance of spreading than true information.

The article reveals the communication and technological specificity of the Internet environment in terms of propaganda influence, for which even the leading Ukrainian broadcasters (STUDIYA "1+1", "UA: First", "Rada", "ICTV", "STB" and "Ukraine 24 ") united in the joint telethon "Edyni Novyni" to show the official position of the state, sometimes use unverified information from the Internet and, accordingly, resort to spreading fakes or disinformation. In this context, the activity of the single news marathon against the background of the single information pool of Russia, which is under the control of the Kremlin, is analyzed.
Nanogenerators and piezotronics: From scientific discoveries to technology breakthroughs
Authors: Wang Zhong Lin
Published: September 2023

Nanogenerators is a field that uses the piezoelectric and/or triboelectric effect for converting low-grade mechanical energy (termed as high-entropy energy) into electric power, with a great potential for applications in the Internet of Things, self-powered sensors, robotics, medical science, and even artificial intelligence. Piezotronics is a field that utilizes the piezoelectric polarization in third-generation semiconductors for controlling the charge-carrier transport in semiconductor devices. These two fields were first coined by Wang’s group in 2006 and 2007, respectively. This article reviews the background and initial ideas based on which we introduced the following original discoveries and effects: piezoelectric nanogenerators; triboelectric nanogenerators; self-powered sensor; hybrid cell; nano energy; high-entropy energy; piezotronics; and piezo-phototronics. As inspired by these original discoveries, the current technologies developed based on the scientific discoveries of nanogenerators and piezotronics are also reviewed.

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Gas-phase electron microscopy for materials research
Authors: Unocic Raymond R. , Stach Eric A.
Published: September 2023

Detailed studies of interfacial gas-phase chemical reactions are important for understanding factors that control materials synthesis and environmental conditions that govern materials performance and degradation. Out of the many materials characterization methods that are available for interpreting gas–solid reaction processes, in situ and operando transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is perhaps the most versatile, multimodal materials characterization technique. It has successfully been utilized to study interfacial gas–solid interactions under a wide range of environmental conditions, such as gas composition, humidity, pressure, and temperature. This stems from decades of R&D that permit controlled gas delivery and the ability to maintain a gaseous environment directly within the TEM column itself or through specialized side-entry gas-cell holders. Combined with capabilities for real-time, high spatial resolution imaging, electron diffraction and spectroscopy, dynamic structural and chemical changes can be investigated to determine fundamental reaction mechanisms and kinetics that occur at site-specific interfaces. This issue of MRS Bulletin covers research in this field ranging from technique development to the utilization of gas-phase microscopy methods that have been used to develop an improved understanding of multilength-scaled processes incurred during materials synthesis, catalytic reactions, and environmental exposure effects on materials properties.

Graphical abstract