bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Choice Between Free Combination of Antihypertensive Agents and Fixed Dosed Combinations in the Treatment of Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Levchenkova O. S. , Galimulina R. R. , Komev B. R. , Zagnet K. D.
Published: October 2024

Most patients with arterial hypertension require more than one antihypertensive drug for blood pressure target achievement. Some patients are recommended for a multi-pill antihypertensive regimen, others — treatment with fixed dosed combinations in one tablet. Analysis of elibrary and PubMed publications in the period mostly from 2014 to 2024 concerning the choice of two-component combined antihypertensive agents containing renin-angiotensin system inhibitor and diuretic or calcium channel blocker, revealed that fixed-dose combinations (FDC) use and taking one tablet once a day improves adherence to treatment and facilitates blood pressure control. Although the cost of FDC containing the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitor and a thiazide/thiazide-like diuretic or calcium channel blocker is in most cases higher than the same drugs taken separately, the use of fixed combinations, increasing patient adherence to therapy, has clinical advantage in terms of the effectiveness of lowering blood pressure, which confirms their economic feasibility. On the other hand, the use of free combination therapy in two different tablets, when taken separately during the day, can sometimes provide a more sustained antihypertensive effect over 24 hours. Evidence of the effectiveness of blood pressure control for FDCs is often extrapolated from data on free combinations. In addition, FDCs are characterized by less detection of possible ineffectiveness of one of the components. The range of FDCs and the dosage ratios of the components presented in them is gradually expanding, but the choice among free combinations is still wider. In addition, the list of vital and essential drugs (VED) for 2024 does not contain FDCs for antihypertensive drugs, which excludes the possibility of free receiving them on a preferential basis and gives the opportunity for the manufacturer to set prices for them. Despite the fact that recently the scientific community has recommended the use of FDC antihypertensive drugs as initial therapy due to better compliance with the regimen, and therefore clinical effectiveness and economic feasibility, it cannot be said that there is no space left for free combinations of antihypertensive drugs in the treatment of arterial hypertension. The choice of doctor, frequency of prescription, share of purchases of the FDCs in the Russian Federation, review of their consumption requires further analysis.
Sonographic Verification and Clinical Significance of the Features of Surrounding Structures in Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Skripnichenko E. A. , Lyalina V. V. , Pripisnova S. G. , Gоlubev V. G.
Published: October 2024

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee joint is one of the most dangerous diseases, the most significant manifestation of which is chronic pain syndrome. There is a low correlation between the radiographic stage of OA and pain progression. First of all, this is a variety of pain syndromes, among which is the pathology of periarticular structures (AS). To date, the contribution of this type to the clinical picture of OA has been sufficiently studied, primarily due to the fact that the list and frequency of these lesions have not yet been described.

Aim: to describe the basis of the main periarticular structures in patients with different radiographic stages of knee OA according to ultrasound data.

Materials and methods: The observational study has currently included 88 patients who had an outpatient appointment with a rheumatologist for knee osteoarthritis between 2021 and 2023. The study assessed 110 knee joints using clinical and ultrasound techniques.

Results: The most common periarticular ultrasound changes, regardless of radiographic stage, were pes anserine tendinopathy (57.3 %), Baker’s cyst (45.5 %), fibrosis of the severe Hoffa body (40 %) and ligamentopathy of the medial collateral ligament (36). ,4). %). A significant correlation was found between the number of changes according to ultrasound and the radiological stage (ρ=0.45 [95 % CI: 0.28, 0.59], p <0.001) as well as between the VAS and the definition of identified ultrasound changes (ρ= 0.29 [95 % CI: 0.11, p=0.002); In addition, it was shown that late stages of OA are associated with a greater content of changes (p <0.001).

Conclusion: Changes in periarticular structures are present in most patients with knee osteoarthritis; their number correlates with the VAS value and radiographic stage of OA. Details of these changes, their clinical significance and pathogenetic contribution to the progression of knee OA require further study.
LMNA-Cardiomyopathy in Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Resnik E. V. , Kovaleva A. A. , Shurdumova M. Kh. , Emelyanovich D. E. , Smirnov A. P. , Voinova V. Y.
Published: October 2024

Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy is a rare disease resulting from a genetic defect in nuclear envelope proteins, most commonly in emerin and lamin A/C. The disease is characterized by slowly progressing weakness of the scapular-brachial and pelvic-peroneal muscle groups, myodystrophy, primary joint contracture and cardiomyopathy with rhythm disorders and conduction abnormalities. Cardiovascular complications and life-threatening arrhythmias are the main cause of death in such patients at a young age. Depending on the leading symptoms and family history, patients are under the care of different specialists. Unfortunately, neurologists, cardiologists, cardio surgeons and orthopedics are not well informed about this rare condition and thus the disease tends to be not diagnosed in time. This article examines the data of epidemiology, pathophysiology, features of the course, diagnosis, approaches to the management of cardiovascular pathology in progressive Emery-Dreyfus muscular dystrophy with the development of LMNA cardiomyopathy. A clinical case of this disease is also given.
Using self-study approach to critique gender stereotyping and discrimination on family resources for girls and women: educational implications
Authors: Linda Kgomotlokoa , Thamae Mamothibe Amelia
Published: October 2024

Girls and women continue to suffer at the hands of patriarchal society that excludes them in family resource allocation. The primary objective of this paper is to examine the challenge that leads to the exclusion of family resource allocation in the form of educational resources for African girls and women. This paper adopts a self-study research approach, which is undergirded by interpretivism philosophical methodology. Intersectional feminism offers a lens for questioning the domination and supremacy of patriarchal society that perpetuates girls’ and women’s vulnerability in the acquisition of family resources in this age. We then discuss how girls and women lead lives marred by hunger, poverty, and inequality. Furthermore, we discuss gender violence and inequality, girl commodification, lessons from matriarchal and patriarchal polities, and gender discrimination at the workplace. We recommend that gender stereotypes and discrimination be eliminated in all social settings; and that at family, society and workplace levels. Finally, that educational institution should reconstruct curricula that should purposively interrogate girls and women's gender stereotyping and discrimination, GBV and other gender issues.
Towards effective web-based learning: An investigation of the management of learning management system at a university of technology
Authors: Khumalo Mbalenhle , Ramsuraj Trisha
Published: October 2024

The effectiveness of web-based learning has garnered significant attention in the global educational landscape, with numerous studies providing invaluable insights to transform education through technology. These research endeavors have generated theoretical frameworks that underpin the implementation and utilization of technology for educational enhancement. However, despite the remarkable contributions of these studies, concerns persist regarding the adept management of web-based Learning Management Systems (LMS). Hence, this paper addresses this critical concern by conducting an analysis of LMS management at a South African University of Technology. Utilising a mixed-methods approach, this study combines qualitative interviews with lecturers and quantitative analysis involving students to comprehensively assess the management of web-based LMS. By triangulating these diverse data sources, this research offers a holistic perspective on LMS management, thereby enriching the understanding of this multifaceted field. The findings of this study indicate that the University of Technology has made significant strides in adopting and implementing web-based learning technologies via Think Learn Zone (TLZ) Moodle platform. However, certain challenges were identified. Notably, inconsistencies in lecturer training, concerns about accessibility, and the demand for enhanced technical support for students. Moreover, the study highlights that while the LMS serves as a pivotal tool for disseminating educational content, its effectiveness hinges on the synergy between administrative decisions and faculty practices.
Investing in the social innovation for sustainability: Identifying the casual effects in pharmaceutical distributors targeting informal settlement areas in Nairobi city, Kenya
Authors: Gaitho Naomi M. , Kilika James M. , Muriuki Nancy
Published: October 2024

This study reports empirical findings of a survey conducted among pharmaceutical distributors serving informal settlement areas in Nairobi city county. The pharmaceutical distributors face several challenges when serving these areas calling the management of the distributors to resort to social innovation as a viable strategy for business survival. The concern however is how sustainable such a strategy is to the survival of the business undertaken by the pharmaceutical distributors. The study was guided by the postulates of the Three Cycle and Tripple Bottom Line models to answer three objectives that sought to address how social innovation has been adopted, the level of sustainability attained as well as the effect of the level of social innovation on the level of sustainability attained. The study drew its population from 30 pharmaceutical distributors targeting informal settlement areas in Nairobi and obtained primary data from managers heading 7 key departments in each distributor. The study was responded to by 168 managers from 30 pharmaceuticals representing 80.4% response rate. Two components of social innovation, namely promoting social values and community empowerment were extracted through Exploratory Factor Analysis and were found to be practiced to a moderate extent (M=3.6; SD=1.36) and contributed to high level of sustainability (M=3.808; SD=1.025). A path analysis constructed using structural equation modelling indicated that the two components of social innovation have varying degrees of contribution to the three pillars of sustainability (planet, people & profit) with the highest being that on people (R2=4.03) and the least on profit(R2=3.46). Overall social innovation has a negative effect on sustainability (?=-0.13; p<0.05). The findings provide useful insights on the role of social innovation as a viable strategy for the sustainability of the pharmaceutical industry and makes suggestions on how it can be deployed to enhance sustainability in the pharmaceutical industry. The findings raise important implications on the relevance of the Three Cycle and Triple Bottom Line Models in explaining the role of social innovation in attaining the goal of sustainability in organizations.
Pedagogical training of lecturers for higher education
Authors: Ramolula Kabelo , Nkoane Milton
Published: October 2024

The study aims to explore inadequate pedagogical training for higher education and strategies that could enhance effective teaching. The study adopted a constructivist paradigm and qualitative research design as it is qualitative in nature. Bandura’s social cognitive theory forms the basis for the study. The theory holds that learning occurs in a social context, interacts with the surroundings and actions, and applies the already stored schemata to acquire new knowledge. Data were generated from the critical review of the relevant literature. It was interpreted and analyzed thematically following Castle and Amanda’s five steps of thematic analysis. The results showed inadequate funding and wrong assumptions about the teaching abilities of lecturers with advanced degrees. In addition, there is also a lack of formal training programs, which contributes to the poor state of teacher training. The study revealed that enough funding and transparent lecturers’ pedagogical training structures can enhance lecturers’ teaching abilities. The study concludes that teacher training for higher education is insufficient. However, proper financial support for relevant and effective teacher training programmes could improve lecturers’ teaching skills and thus better students’ performance. The study recommends that all lecturers in higher education should go under formal teacher training. Universities should also source funds to enhance formal teacher training for novice lecturers. There should be frequent refresher courses on the latest teaching methods for gurus already in the field.
Culture of health as a strategy for designing and developing corporate welfare models
Authors: Tozzi Valeria Domenica , Pacileo Guglielmo
Published: October 2024

Improving population health requires the commitment of a multitude of community partners, including employers. Since 2008, successive economic crises have reduced the national health system's capacity to meet the needs of its citizens in Italy. ENI is an Italian oil company employing over 31,000 people in nearly 62 countries. In the Italian community of ENI, there are about 20,000 employees. Between 2022 and 2023, ENI made relevant services and goods available for each employee. This work aims to identify a framework to measure the culture of health in ENI. It is the first step in developing an in-depth analysis of the culture of health in ENI, which will be the subject of in-depth studies after this work. Today, promoting health cannot be the sole purpose of public healthcare systems in Western contexts. Italy is an emblematic context of these phenomena. The development of the corporate welfare case in ENI is an opportunity to reflect on the evolution of private expenditure concerning the interventions promoted by a multinational oil and gas company such as ENI towards its employees. In all this, the culture of health represents a valid approach to the design and the evolution of corporate welfare models over time. The idea of the culture of health is an essential framework that can support why companies must work towards complementarity in providing services and interdependence with public health systems. By incorporating strategies such as inclusive health education, community engagement and partnering with public health systems to address social determinants of health, companies can contribute to building a culture of health rooted in equity, providing employees with the resources and support needed for a better and more equitable life.
The relationship between transport infrastructure and output growth in rural nodal municipalities within South Africa
Authors: Jili Fatima , Gumede Sanele
Published: October 2024

Transport infrastructure is an integral part of economic and social development in many countries, including South Africa. Economic growth theories state that a sound transport system enhances accessibility and output. Despite this, rural areas in South Africa face widespread poverty, poor infrastructure and limited access to essential services. This paper aims to examine the impact of transportation infrastructure investment on the output growth of rural nodal district municipalities in South Africa. This study focuses on two main objectives 1) investigating the relationship between transport infrastructure investment and output growth in rural nodal district municipalities and 2) understanding the causal relationship between transportation infrastructure investment and output growth in rural nodal district municipalities—this analysis uses panel data from 2012 to 2019. We used Fisher type (ADF and PP) panel unit root tests (Maddala & Wu,1999) to determine if the variables were stationary. Additionally, we employed Pedroni tests (1999) to ascertain the presence of cointegration among the variables. Once cointegration was confirmed, our study utilised the Panel VECM. A Panel Granger was then conducted to analyse the direction of causality between transportation infrastructure investment and output growth. This study recommends that the government should improve investments in transportation to improve the output of rural nodal district municipalities.
A critical analysis of the marketing mix elements of small businesses in the retail sector in Durban Central Business District
Authors: Mahohoma Norman , Agbenyegah Albert Tchey
Published: October 2024

In an incisive analysis of the marketing mix's impact on small retail businesses in Durban's Central Business District (CBD), this study scrutinizes the extended 7Ps framework: product, price, place, promotion, process, people and physical evidence. Utilizing a quantitative methodology, data from 217 owner-managers, captured via a 5-point Likert scale, were analysed through ANOVA and Tukey's HSD tests, unearthing deep insights. The findings disrupt conventional marketing paradigms, revealing that an intense focus on product attributes does not correlate with enhanced performance. Small businesses that maintained competitive, yet balanced pricing mechanisms outstripped are those that engages in fierce price wars, underscoring the dangers of excessive price reductions. Strategic promotional activities and well-considered choice locations were pivotal, whereas overemphasis on physical evidence and internal processes proved detrimental. The study results advocate for a balanced, strategic approach to the marketing mix, urging small businesses to rethink traditional priorities. This study offers crucial guidance for business owners seeking to optimize performance and calls for targeted policy measures to support the retail sector’s growth and sustainability.
Perceptions on service quality at licensing service centres
Authors: Makgopa Sipho , Hlaka Pebetsi Cleopatra
Published: October 2024

Organisations in the public sector are faced with challenges in the delivery of high-quality services to clients. This research paper reports on a study conducted to determine clients’ perceptions of service quality at licensing service centres (LCSs) in the City of Tshwane (CoT) Metropolitan Municipality, South Africa. The research adopted a quantitative approach to realise the research objective. A convenience sampling method was used to collect primary data. 262 respondents participated in the research. A structured questionnaire was used to collect primary data from respondents. The research used the SERVPERF instrument to measure service quality. Respondents were asked to rate the level of service at LSCs. The descriptive data analysis method was used to analyse the primary data with the aid of a statistical software package, Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Cronbach's alpha values were used to measure the internal consistency and reliability of the measurement scales. The results revealed that all rated service quality dimensions were average, which means that respondents neither agreed nor disagreed with statements about the level of service offered by LSCs. The research paper includes recommendations on the continuous improvement of service quality at LSCs and on future research directions.
Adoption of artificial intelligence for manufacturing SMEs’ growth and survival in South Africa
Authors: Akoh Emmanuel
Published: October 2024

This study advances research and practice related to adopting artificial intelligence (AI) in the context of South Africa (SA). The study evaluated AI adoption by South African manufacturing Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs); established the challenges faced by manufacturing SMEs in adopting AI; and developed a framework for adopting AI for manufacturing SMEs’ growth and survival. The study adopted a systematic literature review approach. Articles from Scopus and Google scholar databases, ranging from the years 2018 to 2024, were used. Of the 206 articles found, 54 were shortlisted. The systematic review analysis was performed using the PRISMA framework. The results identified AI adoption by South African manufacturing SMEs is low, limiting their innovation and productivity. The results also show, despite the numerous benefits AI adoption can offer manufacturing SMEs in the country, a major constraint is the lack of a framework to enhance adoption and implementation. Hence, this study was conducted to develop a framework to improve AI adoption by South African manufacturing SMEs. The findings contribute to the body of knowledge and provide new insights to manufacturing SME owners/managers, policymakers and practitioners into AI adoption to enhance manufacturing SMEs’ ability to compete on the global stage.
Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Cardiac Disease: The Fort Fell
Authors: Paraskevaidis Ioannis , Kourek Christos , Farmakis Dimitrios , Tsougos Elias
Published: October 2024

Myocardial cells and extracellular matrix fulfil their goal thanks to the energetic availability. Indeed, mechanical and electrical properties of the heart are strongly depended on the energetic production-consumption equilibrium. The produced energy is used under several forms including kinetic, dynamic, thermal energy etc. Notably, as the time goes by; aging as well as in case of heart failure, although total energy remains almost constant the contribution of each energetic form is altered. Thermal energy is increased, whereas the dynamic and kinetic energy are decreased and hence unable to satisfy adequately the cardiac work. Consequently, toxic products, unfolded /misfolded proteins, free radicals etc. are accumulated within the myocardium. Myocardial cell contraction – relaxation coupling, ion exchange, cell growth etc. function is failed, control of cell apoptosis and necrosis is lacking and cardiac micro and macro-architecture change is the final result. Energy production and consumption depends on cardiac metabolic resources and on the functional status of the cardiac silhouette including cardiomyocytes and non-cardiomyocytes cells and their metabolic - energetic behavior. Mitochondria, are intra-cellular organelles producing more than 95% of ATP and fulfill all the above prerequisites being thus very important and as such we have to better understand their anatomy, function and homeostatic properties.
Photoprotective Effect of Ultrasonic-Assisted Ethanol Extract from Sargassum horneri on UVB-Exposed HaCaT Keratinocytes
Authors: Kirindage Kirinde Gedara Isuru Sandanuwan , Jayasinghe Arachchige Maheshika Kumari , Ko Chang-Ik , Ahn Yong-Seok , Heo Soo-Jin , Kim Eun-A , Cho Nam-Ki , Ahn Ginnae
Published: October 2024

The present study investigated the photoprotective effect of the ultrasonic-assisted ethanol extract (USHE) from Sargassum horneri, a brown seaweed containing fucosterol (6.22 ± 0.06 mg/g) and sulfoquinovosyl glycerolipids (C23H43O11S, C25H45O11S, C25H47O11S, C27H49O11S), against oxidative damage in ultraviolet B (UVB)-exposed HaCaT keratinocytes. USHE indicated the antioxidant activity with increasing ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging. Moreover, USHE increased cell viability by markedly reducing the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in UVB-exposed HaCaT keratinocytes. Additionally, USHE reduced the apoptosis, and sub-G1 cell population, and increased the mitochondrial membrane potential. Moreover, USHE modulated the protein expression levels of anti-apoptotic molecules (Bcl-xL, Bcl-2, and PARP), and pro-apoptotic molecules (Bax, cleaved caspase-3, p53, cleaved PARP, and cytochrome C). This modulation accorded with the upregulation of cytosolic heme oxygenase (HO)-1, NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO 1), and nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), collectively known as components of the antioxidant system. These findings suggest that USHE has a photoprotective effect in UVB-exposed HaCaT keratinocytes and can be utilized to develop cosmeceuticals for UVB protection.
Unveiling Roles of Beneficial Gut Bacteria and Optimal Diets for Health: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Kumar Suresh , Mukherjee Riya , Chang Chung-Ming , Gaur Pratibha , Raj V. Samuel , Pandey Ramendra Pati
Published: October 2024

The gut, often referred to as the "second brain," has significant contributions in the maintaining of the good bacteria contribute enormous role such as digestion, produce essential vitamins, support the immune system, and protect against harmful bacteria. The beneficial flora including Akkermansia muciniphila, Adlercreutzia equolifasciens, Barnesiella, Christensenella minuta, and Oxalobacter formigenes, along with their derived bioactive metabolites emerged as a key player in maintaining host metabolic and immune health. Dietary choices such as blending of prebiotic, fermented, symbiotic, anti-inflammatory foods, and secondary metabolites from a wide variety of plants and fruits promotes the diversity, composition, and stability of beneficial intestinal microbes. The colourful plant foods rich in phytochemicals bioactive compounds such as carotenoids, flavonoids, polyphenols, alkaloids, anthocyanins, and capsaicin offer a wide array of unique properties such as analgesics, antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobials effect and promoting the abundance of beneficial gut bacteria and their bioactive metabolites confer numerous health-promoting effects. Here, we present knowledge about most beneficial gut bacteria and their derived metabolites in terms of their sources and health benefits. Finally, we discuss best foods that skew towards promoting healthy intestinal microbes.
Neural Correlates of Exergame Interventions in Older Adults with or Without a Neurocognitive Disorder: A Systematic Review
Authors: Attoh-Mensah Elpidio , BEL Jean-François , El Ayoubi Karim , Boujut Arnaud , Ramanoel Stephen , Perrochon Anaïck
Published: October 2024

Exergames (EG) are interactive video games that require physical activity and use gamification to make exercise more engaging. EG interventions have shown various benefits for older adults, such as improved mental health, quality of life, and reduced fall risk. Enhanced cognition is thought to drive these benefits. This review aimed to identify neural correlates underlying cognitive improvements in healthy older adults and those with neurocognitive disorders. We systematically searched major databases and included 13 studies from 2,095 records. Findings revealed that EG interventions led to structural brain changes and improved functional connectivity in healthy adults, Parkinson patients, and those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Increased activity in the frontal, temporal, and precuneus regions during rest was specific to adults with neurocognitive disorders. Neuroplastic changes, such as elevated BDNF levels and increased neurovascular coupling, were observed in both groups. However, methodological limitations in some studies highlight the need for further high-quality research.
Operating key factor Analysis of a Rotary Kiln Using Predictive Model and Shapley Additive Explanations
Authors: Moon Sungil , YOO JEHYEUNG
Published: October 2024

The global smelting business of nickel using rotary kilns and electric furnaces is expanding due to the growth of the secondary battery market. Efficient operation of electric furnaces requires consistent calcine temperature in rotary kilns, which involves shearing processes. Direct measurement of calcine temperature in rotary kilns presents challenges due to inaccuracies and operational limitations, and while AI predictions are feasible, reliance on them without understanding influencing factors is risky. To address this challenge, various algorithms including XGBoost, LightGBM, CatBoost, and GRU were employed for calcine temperature prediction, with CatBoost achieving the best performance, followed by XGBoost, LightGBM, and GRU in terms of MAPE. The influential factors on calcine temperature were identified using SHAP from XAI in the context of the CatBoost model. By incorporating seven out of twenty operational factors, the calcine temperature increased from 840℃ in 2023 to 907℃ by April 2024, concurrently reducing the power ratio of the electric furnace by 7.8%.
Retrospective Cohort Study on Patients with Urinary Tract Infections in a Multidisciplinary Hospital in Romania
Authors: Anton Corina Ioana , Sima Cristian Sorin , Zamfir Madalina Maria , Ștefan Alexia Teodora , Ștefan Ion
Published: October 2024

Urinary tract infections (UTI) are a significant health concern, particularly among the elderly, often leading to hospitalization. A comprehensive study conducted at the "Dr. Carol Davila" Central Military Emergency University Hospital in Bucharest analyzed 948 adult patients hospitalized for symptomatic UTI. The findings revealed that the majority of admitted patients were elderly, presenting with high comorbidity rates and severe dependence. The study also identified common risk factors for multidrug-resistant pathogens, with one-third of patients hospitalized within 30 days preceding their current admission. The research uncovered several independent predictors of prolonged hospital stay, including the degree of dependence and comorbidity, female sex, obesity, and the presence of bacteremia. These findings underscore the changing landscape of UTI epidemiology and presentation in hospitalized patients. This study emphasizes the need for improved management strategies, particularly in areas such as urinary incontinence care, judicious use of catheterization, and preventive measures. As the elderly population continues to grow, healthcare providers must adapt their approaches to effectively address the evolving challenges associated with UTIs in this vulnerable population.
Neurological Sequelae of Post-COVID-19 Fatigue: A Review Of Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV-Mediated Cerebrovascular Complications
Authors: Che Mohd Nassir Che Mohd Nasril , Che Ramli Muhammad Danial , Jaffer Usman , Abdul Hamid Hafizah , Mehat Muhammad Zulfadli , Mohamad Ghazali Mazira , Ebrahim Nangarath Cheriya Kottakal
Published: October 2024

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a global pandemic affecting millions of people’s lives, which has led to ‘post-COVID-19 fatigue’. Alarmingly, severe acute respiratory syn-drome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) not only infects the lungs but also influences the heart and brain. Endothelial cell dysfunction and hypercoagulation, which we know occur with this infection, lead to thrombo-inflammation that can manifest as many myriad cardio-cerebrovascular disorders, such as brain fog, fatigue cognitive dysfunction, etc. Additionally, SARS-CoV-2 has been associated with oxidative stress, protein aggregation, cytokine storm, and mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases. Accordingly, the identification of molecular targets involved in these actions could provide strategies for preventing and treating this disease. In particular, the very common enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) has recently been identified as a candidate co-receptor for the cell entry of the SARS-CoV-2 virus with its involvement in infection. In addition, DPPIV has been reported as a co-receptor for some viruses such as Middle East respiratory syn-drome-coronavirus (MERS-CoV). It mediates immunologic reactions and diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, and hypertension, which have been considered the prime risk factors for stroke among other types of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. Unlike angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), DPPIV has been implicated in aggravating the course of infection due to its disruptive effect on inflammatory signalling networks and the neuro–glia–vascular unit. Regarding the neurological, physiological, and molecular grounds governing post-COVID-19 fatigue, this review focuses on DPPIV as one of such reasons that progressively establishes cerebrovascular grievances following SARS-CoV infection.
Numerical Simulation Model of the Infectious Diseases by Comparing Backward Euler Method and Adams-Bash forth 2-Step Method
Authors: Soomro Paras , Ahmed Israr , Soomro Faraz Ahmed , Mal Darshan
Published: October 2024

In this work, the Backward Euler technique and the Adams-Bashforth 2-step method—two numerical approaches for solving the SIR model of epidemiology are compared for performance. An essential resource for comprehending the transmission of infectious illnesses like COVID-19 in the SIR model. While the explicit Adams-Bash forth 2-step approach is well known for its computing efficiency, the implicit Backward Euler method is noted for its stability. The study evaluates the accuracy, strength, and computing cost of the two approaches to determine which approach is best for simulating the spread of infectious illnesses. The SIR Model was easily solved using the Adams Bashforth 2-step analysis and the Backward Euler method. The approaches' solutions are close to the exact requirements. There are important distinctions between the two-step Adams Bashforth and backward Euler procedures. The running time of the Adams Bashforth 2-step backward Euler method is shorter than that of the backward Euler method.
Mengartikulasikan Spiritualitas-Etis Taha Abdurrahman dalam Merespons Krisis Kemanusiaan Modern
Authors: Rahman Muhammad Minanur , Wafi Muhammad Yusron
Published: October 2024

Western modernity has turned humanity away from humanity itself. Western modernity has glorified rationality to the point of severing the connection between rationality and ethics. Humans, who are essentially ethical beings, are trapped in materialism that leads to colonialism. Departing from this phenomenon, Taha Abdurrahman was moved to reconceptualize modernity based on spiritual-ethics. So, this paper tries to articulate how his concept of modernity is able to answer the problem of humanitarian crisis. This paper is a library research using descriptive-analytic. The result of this research is that Taha Abdurrahman reconceptualizes western modernity into Islamic modernity that is close to spirituality-ethics. He criticizes Western modernism for favoring only rationalism. The new concept he offers is Islamic modernism which holds the principles of al-rusyd, al-naqdi and al-syumul. In addition, the concept of Islamic modernity initiated by Taha does not change or damage the local traditions that exist in each region because it is closely related to spirituality-ethics.
The Relationship Between Religiosity and Prosocial Behavior in Generation Z
Authors: Safitri Ajeng , Niko Puti Febrina , Mustika Diva , Kurniawan Yohan
Published: October 2024

Riau has a rich culture and a generally very religious society. It is important to understand the impact of religiosity on prosocial behavior in the local context, especially in Generation Z. This research aims to identify the relationship between religiosity and prosocial behavior in Generation Z in Riau and how strong this relationship is. The research respondents consisted of 93 college students from Islamic faculty backgrounds, and analysis was carried out using the Mann-Whitney nonparametric correlation test. The research results show a correlation coefficient of 0.396 with a significance of p = 0.000 (p < 0.05), which means there is a positive relationship of 39.6% between religiosity and prosocial behavior. Religiosity involves creed, worship, understanding, experience, and knowledge. Meanwhile, prosocial behavior involves the behavior of helping, sharing, donating, and cooperating. The higher the religiosity, the higher the prosocial behavior shown by Generation Z, and vice versa.
FERTILITY IN THE RUSSIAN FAR EAST: TRENDS, CAUSES, SOLUTIONS
Authors:   Pacific Institute of Geography, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia, Sukhoveeva Anna ,   Institute for Comprehensive Analysis for Regional Problems, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Birobidzhan, Russia
Published: October 2024

Significance. Given the current trends in demographic development, the existing disproportion between the population and the vast territory of the Far Eastern Federal District may significantly increase in the future, which will intensify certain concerns about a possible violation of the geopolitical balance out here. Fertility indicators have revealed the main demographic risk zones of the regions of the eastern territories. The purpose of the study is to analyze dynamics in birth rates in the Russian Far East, gender composition and age structure of the population to identify risk zones when taking effective measures to improve the situation. Material and methods. The analysis used World Health Organization data, databases and collections of Rosstat and the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation by federal district and region of Russia, information on the implementation of the National Demography Project. Results. Determining trends in dynamics in birth rates in the Russian Far East shows that in urban areas of the Far Eastern regions, the type of demographic behavior inherent in the newcomer population and focused on having one child prevails, while in rural areas the traditions of the indigenous population are preserved. Until 2015, relatively high birth rates were recorded in “national” regions with the predominance of populations belonging to the indigenous people of the North and the Far East, in whose culture large families are accepted. The mother’s average age is increasing, there was a shift in the age of first-time mothers (20-24 years) to an older age group (25-29 years and 30-34 years). A decline in fertility in the near future will be due to a significant reduction in the number of women of reproductive age, especially in its active phase (20–39 years). A new model of marital and, as a result, reproductive behavior of young families is being formed. From the point of view of marital behavior, it implies an increase in the age at first marriage, refusal of marriage, popularity of informal marriage, etc. From the point of view of reproductive behavior, it involves postponing births in marriage until material standards are achieved, as well as in the interests of increasing one’s social status. Conclusion. One of the promising areas for improving the demographic situation is the adoption of effective social measures and programs to increase birth rates in young families. Only a rising dynamics in birth rates can give a real and sustainable impetus to stabilizing fertility for the national security of the eastern territories.
Bitcoin Price Bubbles and The Factors Driving Bitcoin Price Formation
Authors: Akkaya Murat
Published: October 2024

The Bitcoin, one of the most discussed event of recent times, is the first cryptocurrency to be released. Bitcoin has the biggest market capitalization in the cryptocurrencies, and it is a decentralized payment tool that cannot be controlled by any government institution. Cryptocurrencies operate on top of a decentralized network, recording and verifying transactions using a technology called Blockchain. Many bubble price formations occurred in financial markets throughout history. Cryptocurrency markets are prone to manipulation because they are not connected to any center. This study aims to to investigate the buble formations in Bitcoin (BTC) US Dollar price for the period of 11 December 2017 - 31 July 2023, and also to determine the main financial variables affecting Bitcoin prices. ARDL Bounds test proves cointegration between Bitcoin price and dependent variables. Error Correction Model determines positive connection between BTC and Nasdaq100 index. A daily change in Nasdaq100 index leads to a 0.58% increase in BTC price. Model captures also negative relationship between Volatility Index, USD Index and BTC price. No long-term relationship emerges in the results. In the long run, unique and different variables shape BTC price formation.
Evaluating the association between COVID-19 transmission and mobility in Omicron outbreaks in China
Authors: Tsang Tim , Peng Liping , Ainslie Kylie , Huang Xiaotong , Cowling Benjamin , Wu Peng
Published: October 2024

Background Prior research has suggested a positive correlation between human mobility and COVID-19 transmission at national or provincial levels, assuming constant correlations during outbreaks. However, the correlation strength at finer scales and potential changes in relationships during outbreaks have been scarcely investigated.Methods We gathered case and mobility data (within-city movement, inter-city inflow, and inter-city outflow) at the city level from Omicron outbreaks in mainland China between February and November 2022. For each outbreak, we calculated the time-varying effective reproduction number (Rt). Subsequently, we estimated the cross-correlation and rolling correlation between Rt and the mobility index, comparing them and identifying potential factors affecting these correlations.Results We identified 57 outbreaks during Omicron wave 1 (February to June) and 171 outbreaks during Omicron wave 2 (July to December). Cross-correlation estimates varied between waves, with values ranging from 0.64 to 0.71 in wave 1 and 0.45 to 0.46 in wave 2. Oscillation models best fit the rolling correlation for almost all outbreaks, and there were significant differences between extreme values of rolling correlation and cross-correlation. Additionally, we estimated a positive relationship between the GRI and rolling correlation during the pre-peak stage, turning negative during the post-peak stage.Conclusions Our findings suggest a positive relationship between Omicron transmission and mobility at the city level. However, significant fluctuations in their relationship, as demonstrated by rolling correlation, indicate that assuming a constant correlation between transmission and mobility may lead to inaccurate predictions or decisions when using mobility as a proxy for transmission intensity.
Estrogen-induced circFAM171A1 regulates sheep myoblasts proliferation through the oar-miR-485-5p/MAPK15/MAPK pathway
Authors: Chi Runqing , Liu Yufang , Wang Peng , Yang Fan , Wang Xiangyu , He Xiaoyun , Di Ran , Chu Mingxing
Published: October 2024

Estrogen is an important hormone affecting muscle development in female animals. Studies have shown that estrogen can protect muscle cells from apoptosis by inhibiting MAPK signaling pathway. However, the molecular mechanisms by which estrogen-induced MAPK signaling regulates myoblasts growth and development remain unclear. In this study, RNA-seq was performed in the ovariectomized small-tailed Han (OR-STH) sheep and sham surgery small-tailed Han (STH) sheep groups to analyze the effect of estrogen on muscle growth and development in female animals. There were identified 8721 differentially expressed circRNAs (DECs), 143 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and 2238 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEGs) in the longissimus dorsi between the OR-STH and STH groups. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the differentially expressed gene MAPK15 was significantly enriched in the MAPK signaling pathway, which is important for muscle development. Therefore, we constructed the ceRNA network circFAM171A1/oar-miR-485-5p/MAPK15 and explored its effect on muscle growth and development. The results of molecular mechanism experiments indicated that circFAM171A1 could act as a sponge adsorbing oar-miR-485-5p to regulate MAPK15. Addition of the exogenous hormone estradiol (E2) to sheep myoblasts could induce circFAM171A1, regulate the expression of oar-miR-485-5p and MAPK15, and promote the proliferation of sheep myoblasts. The results showed that MAPK15 and circFAM171A1 significantly promoted proliferation of myoblasts and inhibited apoptosis of myoblasts in sheep, whereas oar-miR-485-5p inhibited expression of MAPK15 and circFAM171A1 and inhibited myoblast proliferation and promoted apoptosis. Furthermore, circFAM171A1 could attenuate the inhibitory effect of oar-miR-485-5p on myoblasts. In summary, estrogen induced the expression of circFAM171A1 in sheep myoblasts, and circFAM171A1 can act as a sponge for oar-miR-485-5p to promote the expression of the target gene, MAPK15, and finally regulated the proliferation of sheep myoblasts. This study provided new insights for molecular mechanism of estrogen regulation on muscle growth and development in female animals.
Using the Focus Group Technique to Explore Attitudes and Knowledge of Recreational Cannabis Regulation in Mexico
Authors: Paredes Jesús Manuel Icedo , Villarreal-Peralta Edna María , Salgado-Beltran Lizbeth
Published: October 2024

Amidst the ongoing global discourse on cannabis legalization, this study focuses on public perception and attitudes towards its sale in Mexico prior to regulation. The research aimed to understand how citizens perceive cannabis and their opinions on its legalization. Utilizing focus groups as a qualitative methodology, data was gathered from eight residents of Hermosillo, Sonora, aged 18 and above. Participants shared diverse insights into cannabis uses, both recreational and medicinal, and expressed varying views on its commercialization and the benefits of electronic marketing. Results highlighted a consensus on individual rights to cannabis consumption and emphasized the need for balanced regulations to mitigate associated risks. While participants showed concerns about excessive use and potential health effects, they also recognized therapeutic and economic benefits. In conclusion, the study underscores the importance of informed regulation to ensure responsible cannabis use and maximize its potential benefits.