bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A STEREO Survey of Magnetic Cloud Coronal Mass Ejections Observed at Earth in 2008–2012
Authors: Wood Brian E. , Wu Chin-Chun , Lepping Ronald P. , Nieves-Chinchilla Teresa , Howard Russell A. , Linton Mark G. , Socker Dennis G.
Published: March 2017

We identify coronal mass ejections (CMEs) associated with magnetic clouds (MCs) observed near Earth by the Wind spacecraft from 2008 to mid-2012, a time period when the two STEREO spacecraft were well positioned to study Earth-directed CMEs. We find 31 out of 48 Wind MCs during this period can be clearly connected with a CME that is trackable in STEREO imagery all the way from the Sun to near 1 au. For these events, we perform full 3D reconstructions of the CME structure and kinematics, assuming a flux rope (FR) morphology for the CME shape, considering the full complement of STEREO and SOHO imaging constraints. We find that the FR orientations and sizes inferred from imaging are not well correlated with MC orientations and sizes inferred from the Wind data. However, velocities within the MC region are reproduced reasonably well by the image-based reconstruction. Our kinematic measurements are used to provide simple prescriptions for predicting CME arrival times at Earth, provided for a range of distances from the Sun where CME velocity measurements might be made. Finally, we discuss the differences in the morphology and kinematics of CME FRs associated with different surface phenomena (flares, filament eruptions, or no surface activity).
Rotational Spectra in 29 Vibrationally Excited States of Interstellar Aminoacetonitrile
Authors: Kolesniková L. , Alonso E. R. , Mata S. , Alonso J. L.
Published: March 2017

We report a detailed spectroscopic investigation of the interstellar aminoacetonitrile, a possible precursor molecule of glycine. Using a combination of Stark and frequency-modulation microwave and millimeter wave spectroscopies, we observed and analyzed the room-temperature rotational spectra of 29 excited states with energies up to 1000 cm−1. We also observed the 13C isotopologues in the ground vibrational state in natural abundance (1.1%). The extensive data set of more than 2000 new rotational transitions will support further identifications of aminoacetonitrile in the interstellar medium.
Multicolor Optical Monitoring of the Quasar 3C 273 from 2005 to 2016
Authors: Xiong Dingrong , Bai Jinming , Zhang Haojing , Fan Junhui , Gu Minfeng , Yi Tingfeng , Zhang Xiong
Published: March 2017

We have monitored the quasar 3C 273 in the optical V, R, and I bands from 2005 to 2016. Intraday variability (IDV) is detected on seven nights. The variability amplitudes on most of the nights are less than 10%, and on four nights, more than 20%. When considering the nights with time spans >4 hr, the duty cycle (DC) is 14.17%. Over the 12 years, the overall magnitude and color index variabilities are

,

,

, and

, respectively. The largest clear IDV has an amplitude of 42% over just 5.8 minutes, and the weakest detected IDV is 5.4% over 175 minutes. The BWB (bluer when brighter) chromatic trend is dominant for 3C 273 and appears at different flux levels on intraday timescales. The BWB trend exists for short-term timescales and intermediate-term timescales but different timescales have different correlations. There is no BWB trend for our whole time-series data sets. A significant anticorrelation between the BWB trend and length of timescales is found. Combining with V-band data from previous works, we find a possible quasi-periodicity of P = 3918 ± 1112 days. The possible explanations for the observed variability, BWB chromatic trend, and periodicity are discussed.
The Velocity Dispersion Function of Very Massive Galaxy Clusters: Abell 2029 and Coma
Authors: Sohn Jubee , Geller Margaret J. , Zahid H. Jabran , Fabricant Daniel G. , Diaferio Antonaldo , Rines Kenneth J.
Published: March 2017

Based on an extensive redshift survey for galaxy clusters Abell 2029 and Coma, we measure the luminosity functions (LFs) and stellar mass functions (SMFs) for the entire cluster member galaxies. Most importantly, we measure the velocity dispersion functions (VDFs) for quiescent members. The MMT/Hectospec redshift survey for galaxies in A2029 identifies 982 spectroscopic members; for 838 members, we derive the central velocity dispersion from the spectroscopy. Coma is the only other cluster surveyed as densely. The LFs, SMFs, and VDFs for A2029 and Coma are essentially identical. The SMFs of the clusters are consistent with simulations. The A2029 and Coma VDFs for quiescent galaxies have a significantly steeper slope than those of field galaxies for velocity dispersion

. The cluster VDFs also exceed the field at velocity dispersion

. The differences between cluster and field VDFs are potentially important tests of simulations and of the formation of structure in the universe.
Checklist of bees (Apoidea) from a private conservation property in west-central Montana
Authors: Kuhlman Marirose , Burrows Skyler
Published: March 2017

Here we present preliminary results from the first three years of a long-term bee survey conducted at a 3,840-ha private conservation property in the northern Sapphire Mountains and Bitterroot River Valley, and a pilot study at an associated 80-ha property in the Swan River Valley, Missoula County, Montana, USA. The survey includes hand-net, bowl-trap, and blue-vane trap collections. The resulting checklist comprises 229 bee species and morphospecies within 5 families, 38 genera and 91 subgenera. Of the total species in the list, 34 of them represent first state records Montana. This survey expands the number of bee species recorded in Montana to 366. Included in these species is Megachile (Eutricharaea) apicalis Spinola, showing a range expansion for this introduced bee.

We present new distributional records for 34 bee species, including Megachile (Eutricharaea) apicalis Spinola, an introduced bee that was discovered to be resident in North America in 1984 in Santa Barbara County, California. This species has since expanded its range in the across the west, but had not been previously recorded in Montana.
La concordance des temps
Authors: Patarin-Jossec Julie
Published: March 2017

Tentant de rompre avec une représentation de la sérendipité comme produit du hasard et de la chance relatifs à « l’esprit scientifique », il s’agit ici d’analyser comment la sérendipité peut être le produit d’une concordance des « temporalités de champs » résultant d’une combinatoire de temps d’habitus, d’activité et d’institution propres à chaque champ. Ces temporalités de champs rythmant leurs luttes pour le monopole de la pratique scientifique, elles constituent un point de concordance entre champs à partir desquels s’agencent les conditions de production et d’identification d’une découverte « par sérendipité ». Une telle approche a, au reste, l’avantage de combler un point aveugle de la littérature sociologique (la centralité de la temporalité dans la structure des champs) et de proposer une analyse structuraliste du processus de découverte scientifique permettant de l’appréhender comme « pratique coordonnée d’institution ».
Art, retard, hasard
Authors: Labastie Claire
Published: March 2017

Dans certains récits poïétiques, des artistes trouvent par hasard au sein de leur expérience perceptive une solution à un problème de réalisation artistique en un moment imprévu, en un lieu inattendu, à la suite d’un temps devenu vacant par un retard ou une circonstance involontaires. De Léonard de Vinci à l’artiste surréaliste Max Ernst, sont analysées les relations entre ces temps vacants de diverses natures psychologiques et circonstancielles avec la capacité, qui leur succède, à saisir une sollicitation imprévue pour l’intégrer à leur démarche artistique. Tournure stylistique et dramatique pour mieux faire ressortir l’instant fertile sérendipien ? Rhétorique de l’ironie, qui retourne la durée morne en moment d’intense création ? Repos nécessaire pour mieux aiguiser l’attention qui succède ? Ou plongée dans l’inconscient riche d’images, qui souffle parfois des solutions époustouflantes de justesse ? Ces moments vides, quelle qu’en soit la teneur, tiennent probablement un rôle plus soutenu qu’il n’y paraît dans la temporalité de la démarche sérendipienne chez nombre d’artistes. Aussi, même s’il n’est pas question ici de sacraliser leur activité, faut-il considérer leurs temps apparemment vides, comme une chance d’une possible sérendipité artistique.
Pseudo-sérendipité et contre-sérendipité dans les conceptions temporelles révolutionnaires
Authors: Lamoureux-Lafleur Olivier
Published: March 2017

Les nombreux débats conflictuels entourant l’application du principe de grève de masse (Massenstreik) au sein du Parti social-démocrate allemand (SPD) témoignent de la lente agonie des idéaux marxistes au sein de ce parti de masse. La fragile victoire des idéaux prônés par la faction radicale du Parti contre ceux des réformistes, entre 1900 et 1906, connaît un retour de balancier sans appel après la première révolution russe. De 1906 à 1910, la logique légalo-parlementaire allait progressivement devenir la seule voie légitime aux yeux des dirigeants du Parti. Ce changement de tactique et de stratégie visant à conquérir le pouvoir, sera grandement contesté par plusieurs militants influents du Parti. Le conflit intellectuel entre Rosa Luxemburg et Karl Kautsky, qui éclata publiquement en 1910 alors que les mouvements contestataires en Allemagne étaient très forts, nous permet de comprendre, par l’analyse du discours de ces penseurs marxistes, les raisons qui conduisirent le SPD à ne pas appliquer la grève de masse. Ceci, alors qu’une motion favorable à ce principe avait été votée en 1905 lors du Congrès d’Iéna. Du point de vue pseudo-sérendipien qui était le sien, Luxemburg croyait fermement que la temporalité était favorable à l’application de la grève de masse. L’interprétation temporelle et électoraliste de Kautsky l’amènera plutôt à critiquer les effets pseudo-sérendipiens, non contrôlés par le SPD, entourant ce type d’action politique.
Microstructure Modification of Tool Steel X38CrMoV5-1 by Fibre Laser
Authors: Šebek Martin , Kováč František , Petryshynets Ivan , Balko Ján
Published: March 2017

In the present work, we investigate the influence of laser radiation on the evolution of microstructure and wear resistance of X38CrMoV5-1 tool steel in hardened and tempered condition. The microstructure of the laser surface hardened zone consists of fine and coarse grained carbides (M23C6, M7C3, MC or M2C) which are dispersed within martensite matrix. On the other hand, the laser melted microstructure is characterized by martensite, retained austenite and fine carbides precipitated in the inter-dendritic zone. The laser surface affected zone microstructure exhibits the enhanced hardness in the range from 857 to 775 HV in comparison with quenched and tempered conditions (720-655 HV) and decreases from the surface to the soft zone with a typical hardness of 530 HV. The wear resistance of the laser treated samples is investigated by “ball on disc” method, which shows a significant improvement as compared to that in quenched and tempered condition.
Microstructure Evaluation of Heterogeneous Electron Beam Weld between Stabilised Austenitic and ODS Ferritic Steel
Authors: Jan Vít , Čupera Jan , Sohaj Pavel , Havlik Petr
Published: March 2017

The weldability of advanced heat resistant ODS metallic materials in combination with conventional materials is a prior requirement for their wider use in energy production. The microstructure of ODS steels is composed of alpha iron based matrix with dispersed oxide particles. Due to heating during conventional welding, the microstructure and properties of the resulting weld joints are affected and the joints often become the weakest point of the structure. The electron beam welding with its reduced heat affected zone size may be an answer in this. The presented article is focused on thorough metallographic evaluation of the structure of heterogeneous electron beam welds which combine stabilized austenitic stainless steel with the MA956 ferritic ODS steel. EB welded joints were evaluated by light and analytical electron microscopy including EDS and phase EBSD analyses in the as-welded state and after post-weld heat treatment. Mechanical properties of the weld were evaluated from the results of micro hardness profiles. Achieving an appropriate structure of such welds and correct welding parameters are crucial aspects for future successful application of similar joints in energy industry
Structure and Mechanical Properties of Welded Joints for Nuclear Power Plants of Type MIR 1200
Authors: Kander Ladislav , Čížek Petr , Hermanová Šárka , Říha Zdeněk
Published: March 2017

The paper deals with research, development and verification of production technology of selected welded joints for pressure vessels of primary circuits of nuclear power plants of type MIR 1200. Effect of various welding technology including simulation heat treatment on mechanical and fracture properties have been studied. Four type of homogenous 10GN2MFA – 10GN2MFA type of welded joints have been prepared for experimental programme. Conventional mechanical properties (tensile and impact test) as well as unconventional mechanical properties (fracture mechanics, low-cycle fatigue and stress corrosion cracking in water environment) have been studied. Effect of elevated working temperature on structure and material properties has been evaluated. Temperature dependencies of shear fracture have been plotted and effect of welding procedure on transition temperature shift has been evaluated. Experimental data have been compared with numerical simulation using FEM.
Structural Analysis of Plastic Deformation around the Crack Initiated in Austenitic Stainless Steel
Authors: Oravcová Monika , Palček Peter , Chalupová Mária , Uhríčik Milan
Published: March 2017

Metallic implants should have the following basic characteristics as excellent biocompatibility, high corrosion resistance, suitable mechanical properties (strength, fracture toughness...) and high wear resistance in order to serve safely and adequately for a long-time period without rejection. Austenitic stainless steels are popular for implant applications because of their availability, lower cost, excellent fabrication properties, accepted biocompatibility and toughness. The mechanical working conditions within human body are tough, because surgical implants are subjected to static and dynamic mechanical loading and exposed to surrounding aggressive environment such as human body. As the material is subjected to cyclic loading, micro-plastic deformation occurs around the crack [1,2]. The aim of this paper is to observe the area around the originated crack on the testing bar. The microstructural analysis of initial state and after three-point bending was performed by optical and scanning electron microscopy. Hardness measurement was performed under the crack originated after cyclic loading.
Effect of Temperature Dropping during Solution Treatment in Rejuvenation Heat Treatment and its Long-Term Heating Simulation on Microstructures of Nickel Base Alloy, Udimet 520
Authors: Saelor Kritsayanee , Wangyao Panyawat
Published: March 2017

Udimet 520 is a low precipitation strengthened nickel-based superalloy, which was designed and developed to be gas turbine blades at elevated temperatures. However, after long-term service under high stresses and temperatures, the microstructure of the turbine blades could be continually degraded. Therefore, the mechanical properties could be worse than the new ones. The rejuvenation heat treatment of degraded turbine blades, which were made of cast Udimet 520, was following by solution treatment at 1,121oC / 4 hours and then double aging processes including primary aging at 843 oC / 24 hours and secondary aging at 760oC / 16 hours, respectively. However, in practical reheat treatment processes, the temperature during solution treatment could be dropped by error or malfunction of high temperature heating furnace because the furnace has to be operated continually at very high temperature for very long time resulting in final reheat treated microstructures in many nickel base superalloys. To simulate this effect, the droppings of temperature during solution treatment are chosen and performed for 3 levels; 840oC, 800oC and 760oC, which could happen in practical working then heated up again immediately to solution temperature level. The maximum number of temperature dropping during the single solution treatment is up to 3 times. Received results show that the effect of temperature dropping during solution treatment has influenced on the final rejuvenated microstructures slightly due to the low precipitation behavior of the alloy. The long term heating at 800oC and 900oC / 1000 hours provided much effect in gamma prime particle coarsening.
Analysis of Damaged Crane Stroke Rope Caused by Contact with an Electric Trolley
Authors: Duška Jaroslav , Drotár Atila , Mašlejová Alicia , Hrabčáková Lucia
Published: March 2017

Lifting equipment is an important part of metallurgical operations as it ensures continuity of the processes between technology nodes. Ropes are an integral part of the lifting equipment. Their quality and good conditions are a guarantee of the proper functioning of equipment, especially of its security and, therefore, the control of ropes is an important part of the operation of cranes. Malfunction of ropes can be caused by several factors and may occur for several reasons. A common cause of damage to ropes in operation is wear, but sometimes premature damage or failure of rope strands occur. Occasionally, it happens that the rope comes into contact with an electric trolley and consequently, the running short-circuit current melts the rope. This paper is aimed at the damage itself, but also a potential impact on the changes to the structure and possible changes of mechanical properties of ropes in the area struck by ​​electric discharges.
Influence of Calcium on the Structure and Mechanical Properties of Biodegradable Zinc Alloys
Authors: Pospíšilová Iva , Soukupová Věra , Vojtěch Dalibor
Published: March 2017

In this work, Zn-1.5Mg-0.5Ca alloy was studied. The alloy composition was chosen according to the results of our previous work that was focused on the research of biodegradable materials. The mechanical properties of such cast alloy are similar to the characteristics of human bones. Moreover, Zn-1.5Mg alloy itself satisfies biocompatibility requirements. The main goal of this work was to improve the mechanical properties of this alloy. A small addition of calcium affected both the alloy microstructure and mechanical properties. Light microscope and scanning electron microscope were used for the analysis of microstructure. After calcium addition, secondary phases were visible in observed micrographs; their composition was verified by XRD. Mechanical properties (Vickers hardness, compressive and tensile tests) were studied and compared with the Zn-1.5Mg alloy prepared in our previous work. Based on presented results, Zn-1.5Mg-0.5Ca alloy is intended for use in medicine as a suitable material for temporary implants.
Linear Potentiodynamic Characterization of ECAPed Biocompatible AZ91 Magnesium Alloy
Authors: Borko Kamil , Fintová Stanislava , Hadzima Branislav
Published: March 2017

Mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of Mg alloys basically depend on their chemical composition. Both the mentioned can be influenced by mechanical or heat treatment. In this work was studied the effect of production technology and resulting microstructure on the corrosion resistance of AZ91 alloy. Corrosion resistance of the alloy (AZ91) was analyzed for material after casting and after treatment by ECAP. Result of ECAP treatment is fine grained microstructure of AZ91 alloy and uniform distributed of present intermetallic phases. Corrosion resistance of the experimental material was analyzed in 0.1 molar solution of NaCl through potentiodynamic tests. The ultra-fine grained microstructure after ECAP results in movement of thermodynamic curves to more positive values of corrosion potential (Ecorr). From thermodynamic point of view, this means, that AZ91 alloy after ECAP has slightly higher corrosion resistance, as AZ91 alloy after casting; however the improvement of corrosion resistance is only minor due to the high reactivity of the magnesium in the corrosion environment.
YBCO Bulk Superconductors with Sm Addition
Authors: Volochová Daniela , Antal Vitaliy , Kováč Jozef , Diko Pavel
Published: March 2017

The influence of Sm addition on the microstructure and superconducting properties of Y-Ba-Cu-O (YBCO) bulk superconductors has been studied. Precursor powders YBa2Cu3O7-δ (Y-123), Y2O3 and CeO2 were enriched with different amounts of SmBa2Cu3Oy (Sm-123) or Sm2O3 powders with the aim to increase critical current density, Jc,by introducing additional pinning centers. YBCO bulk superconductors with SmBa2Cu3Oy (Y123-Sm) or Sm2O3 (Y123-SmO) powder addition were prepared by the optimized top seeded melt growth process in the form of single grains. Microstructure analysis revealed that Sm2O3 addition leads to a higher amount of smaller Y2BaCuO5 (Y-211) particles, what is related to high critical current densities (Jc ~ 7 x 104 A/cm2) of the YBCO samples with Sm2O3 addition in low magnetic fields. The effect of Sm addition in the form of SmBa2Cu3Oy as well as Sm2O3 powder on Y2BaCuO5 particle size, critical temperature, Tc, and critical current density, Jc, is reported.
Possibilities of Stereological Analysis of Grain Boundary Orientation in Longitudinal Sections of Precision Cold Drawn Seamless Steel Tubes
Authors: Ridzon Martin , Martinkovič Maroš , Mojžiš Milan , Turňa Ján , Domovcová Lucia , Parilák Ľudovít
Published: March 2017

Cold drawing of steel tubes refers to a forming operation where a precision steel tube is being formed in a die while reducing tube cross-section, altering the wall thickness and making the final tube much longer than the original hollow. The forming itself takes several drawing passes (a.k.a. draws) depending on the final tube dimension requested. The selection of relative reduction for a particular tube diameter plays an important role because an excessive reduction during drawing causes stresses that induce substantial plastic deformation, eventually leading to cracking. In this paper we evaluate the effect of selected reductions on the longitudinal grain boundary orientation in cold drawn tubes, taking tube sample measurements and making necessary calculations of grain boundary orientation in selected planes.
Manufacturing and Mechanical Characterization of Bio-Based Laminates and Sandwich Structures
Authors: Fojtl Ladislav , Rusnáková Soňa , Žaludek Milan , Čapka Alexander , Maňas Lukáš
Published: March 2017

Jute fabric is well-known reinforcing material in composite science, however, there is a necessity to treat these fabrics to reduce moisture uptake and improve properties. Nevertheless, every modification increases the cost and reduces the possible applications. Presented research deals with an investigation of possibility to use untreated jute in various fabric weight as a reinforcing material in sandwich structures facings. Untreated jute reinforcements and two types of cork cores were saturated in one step during vacuum infusion creating a lightweight sandwich composite. All samples were mechanically tested in three-point bending test. Experimental results showed the most appropriate material combination and produced sandwich structure are proposed for design applications.
Effect of Double Electron Beam Remelting on Microstructure of HVOF and CGDS Bond Coat
Authors: Gavendová Krajňáková Petra , Dlouhy Ivo , Čížek Jan , Čupera Jan , Shvab Ruslan
Published: March 2017

This work focuses to investigate the influence of the parameters used in electron beam (EB) remelting including the effect of double remelting of CoNiCrAlY coatings fabricated on Nickel based super alloy substrates by using the high velocity oxygen-fuel (HVOF) and cold gas dynamic spraying (CGDS) methods. The microstructures of as sprayed and remelted coatings were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and the phase analysis by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results obtained show that there are advantages at using the pulsed EB surface modification technique. Double EB treatment provides a smooth surface and low porosity level and at last but not least this study demonstrate that low-temperature processing of CoNiCrAlY bond coat represents an interesting and promising alternative for their manufacturing.
Effect of Si/Al Ratios on the Structure and Catalytic Properties of Alkaline-Treated ZSM-5 Catalysts
Authors: Luo Cai Wu , Li Xiang Yang , Chao Zi Sheng
Published: March 2017

A series of hierarchical HZSM-5 catalysts were synthesized by alkaline (denoted as HZSM-5-At) and/or alkaline-acid (denoted as HZSM-5-At-acid) treatments, and they as catalyst pairs were employed for the synthesis of glycerol and ammonia toward pyridine bases in a series-connected two-stage reactor. The characterization was analysed by means of N2-physorption and NH3-TPD techniques. The catalytic evaluation showed that the lower Si/Al ratio (Si/Al = 25 before treatment) in catalyst pairs (HZSM-5-At + ZnO/HZSM-5-At-acid) possessed the highest total yield of pyridine bases among all the catalyst pairs, but the suitable Si/Al ratio in alkaline-treated ZSM-5 (Si/Al = 38 before treatment) in the first stage of reactor and ZnO/HZSM-5-At-acid (Si/Al = 25 before treatment) in the second stage of reactor had the stronger stability relative to other catalyst pairs. The characterization revealed that the amount of acid sites play a vital role in the formation of pyridine bases whereas the appearance of mesoporous structure and the declined concentration of acid sites were main reasons for promoting the stability.
Characterization of the Welded-Joint of High-Strength High-Toughness Seamless Steel Pipe under High-Cycle Fatigue Condition
Authors: Tian Qing Chao , Dong Xian Ping , Cui Hai Chao , Xu Ke
Published: March 2017

The welded joint of a S890QL grade steel pipes containing 1.2% Ni have been prepared to characterize the use performance under high cycle fatigue test. It has been found that the fatigue strength of the welded joint is 290MPa with a fatigue life of more than 10 million cycles, and the obtained Basquin equation is σa=488*(2N)-0.02758 . It is found that the steel exhibits the whole bainite microstructure when the cooling rate is less than 1°C/s. The welded joint is divided into the weld zone, the coarse grain zone, the fine grain zone, the softening zone and the matrix. The fine grain characteristic in the welded area determines the good anti fatigue performance of the investigated steel.
Graphene Oxide PMMA Solid on the Absorption of Lead Ion
Authors: Lo Po Sang , Yeung Chun Ki
Published: March 2017

GO-PMMA solid was used to test its ability on absorbing the lead ion obtained from standard solution. Samples of the test solution were collected at 0 min, 10 min, 30 min, 50 min and 70 min. The results analyzed from ICP reveal that GO-PMMA solid could absorb lead (II) ion sup to 68.6%, which is 65.8% higher than the control setup, i.e. PMMA solid, at room temperature and pressure. The dry mass of GO-PMMA solid is around 119.82g and the mass after testing is around 124.21g. The ability of absorption could be easily refreshed by washing with ethanol and distillated water (80/20 v/v) several times. Structure of GO-PMMA solid was characterized by FRIR and optical microscope. The oxygen-containing functional groups and the rough surface of the GO-PMMA solid are determined to be the contributing factors of the adsorption of lead (II) ion onto GO-PMMA solid. The high removal efficiency of GO-PMMA suggests its adsorption capability on lead (II) ion and can be applied to remove lead (II) ions from water.
Challenges for a Sustainable Financial Foundation for Antimicrobial Stewardship
Authors: Dik Jan-Willem H. , Sinha Bhanu
Published: March 2017

Antimicrobial resistance is a worldwide threat and a problem with large clinical and economic impact. Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs are a solution to curb resistance development. A problem of resistance is a separation of actions and consequences, financial and clinical. Such a separation makes it difficult to create support among stakeholders leading to a lack of sense of responsibility. To counteract the resistance development it is important to perform diagnostics and know how to interpret the results. One should see diagnostics, therapy and resistance as one single process. Within this process all involved stakeholders need to work together on a more institutional level. We suggest therefore a solution: combining diagnostics and therapy into one single financial product. Such a product should act as an incentive to perform correct diagnostics. It also makes it easier to cover the costs of an antimicrobial stewardship program, which is often overlooked. Finally, such a product involves all stakeholders in the process and does not lay the costs at one stakeholder and the benefits somewhere else, solving the misbalance that is present nowadays.
Financial Burden Faced by Families due to Out‑of‑pocket Expenses during the Treatment of their Cancer Children: An Indian Perspective
Authors: Sneha Latha M , Sai Jeyanth , Ashwini S , Ramaswamy Sunitha , Rajan Mahalakshmi , Scott Julius X
Published: March 2017

Context: Life-saving cancer therapy is costly and may result in financial burden for these families. Financial costs for treating childhood cancer care are traditionally assessed based on the amount spent for diagnostic tests, hospitalization, and chemotherapy. The financial costs for travel, accommodation, out-of-pocket expenses for food, phone bills, and loss of income due to reduction or termination of parental employment are hidden nonmedical expenses that are rarely accounted for. Studies on the financial implications of pediatric cancer treatment are based on the Western model of healthcare with good government/state insurance coverage and hence literature on lifestyle implications for families in developing nations with limited resources is still scarce. Aims: The aim of this study is to find out the details of out-of-pocket expenses incurred by the families during their treatment of cancer children and its implications on their quality of life. Settings and Design: This study was conducted in a tertiary care center for pediatric malignancies for over 1-year period. Subjects and Methods: About seventy families whose children were diagnosed with acute leukemia and undergoing treatment at our center were asked to fill a questionnaire detailing their out-of-pocket expenses. Results: Nonmedical expenses accounts for about 46% of their monthly household income of parents from rural areas and 22% of their household income from urban areas. On an average, a family from rural area spends four times the normal amount spent on home for their daily food expenditure. Thirty-eight percent of families have borrowed money from money lenders with an average interest rate of about 12.5% which pushes them to a state of debt for the next few years. Conclusions: Out-of-pocket expenses contribute a significant proportion to the financial burden of the families with childhood malignancies and these invisible expenses should be recognized and provide adequate support to lessen the burden of this economic impact.
Contribuciones del documental interactivo a la renovación de las narrativas periodísticas: realidades y desafíos
Authors: Vázquez-Herrero Jorge , Negreira-Rey María-Cruz , Pereira-Fariña Xosé
Published: March 2017

El ciberperiodismo encuentra en la no ficción interactiva un lugar adecuado para el desarrollo de los relatos. Los medios adoptan las nuevas formas interactivas e híbridas para enfrentarse al desafío de Internet y dar respuesta a las necesidades de unas audiencias más activas y permanentemente conectadas. Metodología: En este artículo, se presentan los resultados del análisis cualitativo de diez documentales interactivos publicados entre los años 2010 y 2016. Al mismo tiempo, se identifican tendencias en la renovación del periodismo junto a la propuesta de parámetros basados en la caracterización de esta forma narrativa. Resultados y conclusiones: El documental interactivo se encuentra en una fase de diversificación, ya consolidado en países como Francia, Estados Unidos y Canadá. En referencia a las características del género, se percibe un notable desarrollo y un destacado potencial, en contraste con el reto que supone un contexto en cambio.
Phish's A Live One
Authors: Holland Walter
Published: March 2017

Twenty years after its release, Phish’s double-CD collection A Live One has something rare and precious going for it: it still doesn’t sound like anybody else. Oversized, perverse, requiring an unusual amount of listener background knowledge? Yes to all. Yet the collective improvisations it captures, unprecedentedly coherent yet freewheeling and open-ended, are unique in rock ‘n’ roll.

This book considers the music and moment of Phish's ecstatically inventive 1995 live document, a mix of weirdo acid-psych, ambient moonscapes, vaudevillian Americana, and riotous arena-rock energy, all filtered through bandleader Trey Anastasio's screwball compositional sensibility and the band’s idiosyncratic approach to spontaneous group creativity. It places Phish and their fandom in historical and cultural context, and picks apart the mechanics of their extended group jams. And it examines the mystery of how a quartet of nice boys from Burlington, VT could have been, all at once, one of America’s biggest touring acts and one of its best-kept secrets.
Blondie's Parallel Lines
Authors: McLeod Kembrew
Published: March 2017

Released in the US in 1978, Blondie’s Parallel Lines brought the band their first commercial success. By mixing punk, disco and radio-friendly rock with nostalgic influences from 1960s girl groups, pop and surf rock, the album was a departure from Blondie’s earlier two albums. Parallel Lines embraced the diversity of New York City’s varied music scenes, and embodied the social conflicts that played out between fans of disco, pop, punk and mainstream rock.

Kembrew McLeod’s critical account of Parallel Lines and the story of Blondie’s rise also serves as an alternative history of 1970s American popular music. It challenges the conventional wisdom that dismissed disco as fluffy (and implicitly feminine) prefab schlock, while at the same time elevating punk’s pop influences.
Bobbie Gentry's Ode to Billie Joe
Authors: Murtha Tara
Published: March 2017

July, 1967: It seems the entire country stopped to listen to a husky voice steeped in the simmering secrets of the South tell a tragic tale of teenage suicide. So much for the Summer of Love. Ode to Billie Joe knocked the Beatles’ “All You Need is Love” off the top of the charts, and Bobbie Gentry became an international star. Almost 50 years later, Gentry is as enigmatic and captivating as her signature song. Of course, fans still want to know why Billie Joe McAllister jumped off the Tallahatchie Bridge. They also wonder: Why did Bobbie Gentry, who has not performed or made a public appearance since the early 1980s, leave it all behind?

Through extensive interviews and unprecedented access to career memorabilia, Murtha explores the real-life mysteries ensnarled within the much-disputed origin of Ode to Billie Joe. The result is an investigative pop history that reveals, for the first time, the full breadth of Bobbie Gentry's groundbreaking career-and just may help explain her long silence.
Dylan and Cohen
Authors: Boucher David
Published: March 2017

Bob Dylan and Leonard Cohen are widely acknowledged as the great pop poets of the 1960s, transforming the popular song into a medium for questionng the personal, social, and political norms of their times. They emerged at a time when the music industry was transforming the revolutionary sound of black music into something bland, homogenous, and fit for mass consumption. For many members of their generation, Dylan and Cohen were able to articulate what they were feeling and could not express: anti-establishement anger, angst, and despondency.

Dylan and Cohen is a fascinating political, psychological and artistic profile of these two iconic writers and performers. With reference to both biographical details and lyrics. David Boucher explores their similarities and differences, tracing the development of religious political, and social themes in their work and the ways in which those ideas engaged a new audience.

A must-read for all serious fans of either Dylan or Cohen, this book will also engage anyone interested in the North America of the 1960s, or more generally in the relationship between music, identity and politics.
Inside the Music of Brian Wilson
Authors: Lambert Philip
Published: March 2017

Inside the Music of Brian Wilson is, as author Phillip Lambert writes in the prologue “completely, and intensely, focused on the music of Brian Wilson, on the musical essence of his songs and the aesthetic value of his artistic achievements. It acknowledges the familiar biographical contexts of his songs, but it tells completely new stories about the birth and evolution of his musical ideas, identifying important musical trends in his work, heretofore undisclosed inter-song connections within his music, or between his music and that of others, and the nature and extent of his artistry. It aims not just to identify great songs, but to explain exactly what makes them so.”

Lambert, a renowned musicologist, brings to this work to life with both his professional expertise and an infectious personal appreciation of the power of pop music. His clear, engaging tone and accessible writing style allows even a musically inexperienced reader to follow him as he traces Wilson’s musical evolution, with a particular focus on the years leading up to the writing and recording of Pet Sounds and SMILE, albums which many consider to be the masterpieces of his oeuvre. Inside the Music of Brian Wilson is the definitive book on Wilson’s music and is essential reading for fans of Brian Wilson, the Beach Boys, and great pop music.

Includes THREE amazing Appendixes:

Appendix 1: Brian Wilson Song Chronology*

Appendix 2: Four Freshmen Albums, 1955-1961

Appendix 3: Favorite Songs and Influences Through 1961

*The most complete song chronology ever published.
Abba's Abba Gold
Authors: Vincentelli Elisabeth
Published: March 2017

Perhaps more than any other Greatest Hits compilation, Abba Gold has come to define a band’s career on one disk. More than that, itsrelease in 1992 heralded the critical rehabilitation of a group which had, since its demise a decade earlier, become little more than amemory of trashy costumes and cheesy tunes to many people. Here, Elisabeth Vincentelli charts the circumstances surrounding the birth of Abba Gold, looks at the impact it had on the music world, and tells the stories behind some of the greatest pop songs ever recorded.
My Bloody Valentine's Loveless
Authors: McGonigal Mike
Published: March 2017

Loveless remains an enigma, 15 years after its release - an album so influential and groundbreaking that its chief creator, Kevin Shields, has been unable or unwilling to release an official follow-up. In his book, Mike McGonigal talks to all the members of My Bloody Valentine, in an almost certainly futile attempt to get at the essence of this extraordinary record.
Neil Young's Harvest
Authors: Inglis Sam
Published: March 2017

Neil Young’s Harvest is one of those strange albums that has achieved lasting success without ever winning the full approval of rock critics or hardcore fans. Even Young himself has been equivocal, describing it in one breath as his “finest” album, dismissing it in the next as an MOR aberration. Here, Sam Inglis explores the circumstances of the album’s creation and asks who got it right: the critics, or the millions who have bought Harvest in the 30 years since its release?

Excerpt

The White Falcon’s split pickup might have been just a gimmick from the early days of stereo, but the way Neil Young uses it on ‘Alabama’ is remarkable. His muted picking brings stabbing notes first from one speaker, then the other, as though we were hearing not one but two guitarists, playing with an unnatural empathy. The electric guitar has seldom sounded so menacing, and Young’s growling rhythm and piercing lead notes are tracked perfectly by Kenny Buttrey’s bare-bones drumming. The build to the chorus is beautifully judged, and when Young and his celebrity backing singers let rip, there’s an almost physical sense of release.
Patti Smith's Horses
Authors: Shaw Philip
Published: March 2017

Described as the perfect fusion of poetry and garage band rock and roll (the original concept was “rock and Rimbaud”), Horses belongs as much to the world of literary and cultural criticism as it does to the realm of musicology. While Horses pays homage to the record’s origins in the nascent New York punk scene, the book’s core lies in a detailed analysis of Patti Smith’s lyrics and includes discussions of lyrical preoccupations: love, sex, gender, death, dreams, god, metamorphosis, intoxication, apocalypse and transcendence. Philip shaw demonstrates how Horses transformed the possibilities of both poetry and rock music; and how it achieved nothing less than a complete and systematic derangement of the senses.
Sonic Youth's Daydream Nation
Authors: Stearns Matthew
Published: March 2017

Daydream Nation is the kind of gorgeous monstrosity (born of extremes, rife with difficulties, and mythic in proportion) that can crush the will of the most resilient, well-intentioned listener if the necessary preparations haven't been made. Matthew Stearns explores the album from a range of angles, including a track-by-track analysis and a look at the historical and cultural context within which the album was made. Featuring a foreword by Lee Ranaldo and exclusive interviews with the band, this truly is the definitive guide to Daydream Nation.
Television's Marquee Moon
Authors: Waterman Bryan
Published: March 2017

A thoroughly researched study of the origins of the New York City punk scene, focusing on Television and their extraordinary debut record.
The Beach Boys' Pet Sounds
Authors: Fusilli Jim
Published: March 2017

Pet Sounds is, rightly, one of the most celebrated pop albums ever released. It has also been written about, pored over, and analyzed more than most other albums put together. In this disarming book, Jim Fusilli focuses primarily on the emotional core of the album, on Brian Wilson’s pitch-perfect cry of despair. In doing so, he brings to life the search for equilibrium and acceptance that still gives Pet Sounds its heart almost four decades after its release. For all the ups and downs, the scandals and, finally, the good times that are associated with Brian Wilson and the Beach Boys, nothing can diminish the beauty of Pet Sounds – its sense of adventure, its insight into the boundless mysteries of young love and how all its elements seem to coalesce to lay bare an insecure teen confronted by the uncertainties of adulthood, a man who wishes life were as simple as he believed it once was. More than a wonderful work that has easily withstood the test of time, Pet Sounds raises pop to the level of art through its musical sophistication and the precision of its statement which, taken together, celebrate the fulfillment of Brian Wilson’s ambition.
The Beach Boys' Smile
Authors: Sanchez Luis
Published: March 2017

Smile is not merely a great unfinished album, but a living work of art that is all at once expansive, indeterminate, and resolutely pop.

In the early 1960s, The Beach Boys rose from the suburbs of Hawthorne, California to become emissaries of a post-war American dream that fused middle-class aspiration and mobility with images of youth. Led by dream master Brian Wilson, their music gave voice to a Southern California mythos and compelled an audience across the nation and beyond to live out their own versions of the fantasy. By 1966, the encroaching counterculture added new dimensions of creative possibility to popular music. Looking to revise and expand, Brian Wilson sought collaboration with a brilliant musician named Van Dyke Parks. Together they began work on Smile, an ambitious album of music that refracted The Beach Boys’ naïveté into a visionary exploration of American consciousness. Smile edged so close to greatness it seemed destined to become one of the most significant musical advances of its time. But the story didn’t end quite like this.

In this book of evocative essays, Sanchez traces the musical journey that transformed The Beach Boys from West Coast surf heroes into America’s pop luminaries, and ultimately why Smile represents a tumultuous turning point in the history of popular music.
Chemical transport model simulations of organic aerosol in southern California: model evaluation and gasoline and diesel source contributions
Authors: Jathar Shantanu H. , Woody Matthew , Pye Havala O. T. , Baker Kirk R. , Robinson Allen L.
Published: March 2017

Abstract. Gasoline- and diesel-fueled engines are ubiquitous sources of air pollution in urban environments. They emit both primary particulate matter and precursor gases that react to form secondary particulate matter in the atmosphere. In this work, we updated the organic aerosol module and organic emissions inventory of a three-dimensional chemical transport model, the Community Multiscale Air Quality Model (CMAQ), using recent, experimentally derived inputs and parameterizations for mobile sources. The updated model included a revised volatile organic compound (VOC) speciation for mobile sources and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation from unspeciated intermediate volatility organic compounds (IVOCs). The updated model was used to simulate air quality in southern California during May and June 2010, when the California Research at the Nexus of Air Quality and Climate Change (CalNex) study was conducted. Compared to the Traditional version of CMAQ, which is commonly used for regulatory applications, the updated model did not significantly alter the predicted organic aerosol (OA) mass concentrations but did substantially improve predictions of OA sources and composition (e.g., POA–SOA split), as well as ambient IVOC concentrations. The updated model, despite substantial differences in emissions and chemistry, performed similar to a recently released research version of CMAQ (Woody et al., 2016) that did not include the updated VOC and IVOC emissions and SOA data. Mobile sources were predicted to contribute 30–40 % of the OA in southern California (half of which was SOA), making mobile sources the single largest source contributor to OA in southern California. The remainder of the OA was attributed to non-mobile anthropogenic sources (e.g., cooking, biomass burning) with biogenic sources contributing to less than 5 % to the total OA. Gasoline sources were predicted to contribute about 13 times more OA than diesel sources; this difference was driven by differences in SOA production. Model predictions highlighted the need to better constrain multi-generational oxidation reactions in chemical transport models.