bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Immune Feedback Control Algorithm Based on BP Network Approximation in Intelligent Vehicle Steering System
Authors: Lan Yanting , Chen Xiaodong
Published: June 2019

Abstract—Steering system of intelligent vehicle is very difficult to execute precise control in driving due to many known and unknown disturbances. Therefore, design of steering algorithm has to be feasible for uncertain external interference, such as uneven pavement and horizontal wind, with automatic correction function for changes in the location of intelligent cars caused by road tilt and horizontal wind. As traditional PID control is impossible to meet the control requirements, according to mechanism of biological immunity, an immune feedback control method was proposed to approximate nonlinearity of T and B cells by BP network. Joint simulations of serpentine condition were carried out by Carsim and Simulink. The results show that trajectory tracking error, operating load, risk of rollover and slip and control stability of control system are synthetically evaluated. The comprehensive evaluation index of automatic steering algorithm under high speed operation is fairly advantageous. Experimental results also show that the algorithm effectively realizes tracking of intelligent vehicle for marking lines and avoidance of obstacles.
“Virtual Doctor” Management Technique in the Diagnosis of ENT Diseases
Authors: Naim Arshi , Khan Mohammad Faiz , Hussain Mohammad Rashid , Khan Nawsher
Published: June 2019

This research project is about the managing of an ENT ( Ear Nose Throat) diagnosis expert system through the virtual doctor that can assist physicians in diagnosing ENT related diseases. ENT problems can distress hearing, speaking, learning and many other significant behaviors and untreated ENT diseases can be serious. Therefore, early diagnose of ENT diseases is fundamental. This study is qualitative in nature where we have used the concept of Virtual Doctor under artificial intelligence (AI) based expert system, already designed to assist physicians in the diagnosis of ENT related disease in the absence of ENT experts. This system can reduce the excess created due to the busy schedules of ENT experts and enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of healthcare system. Virtual Doctor for ENT diagnosis uses rule based system for knowledge representation and has sub-systems which can enhance the physician’s ability in reaching a diagnosis decision with assurance. In this paper, we described the management system for application of Virtual Doctor for the diagnosis of  ENT related diseases which can be used by physicians in their daily practice.
Impact of Mobile Learning in the Cloud on Learning Competencies of Engineering Students
Authors: Mallya Ramananda K , B Srinivasan
Published: June 2019

It has been acknowledged that the mobile learning concept has extended numerous opportunities for teachers as well as students, as it makes way for an active learning atmosphere anywhere and anytime.  Mobile learning technology can be resourcefully improvised by extending the cloud technology into it. This study is an attempt to analyze the impact of mobile cloud computing on learning competencies of engineering students. The main intention is to experiment whether mobile learning using cloud technology has an impact on student’s performance by investigating the influence of this innovative teaching technique on course outcomes. The results illustrated that use of cloud based mobile learning in studying an engineering subject is rewarding and does has an encouraging impact on learning competencies of students. The results distinctively indicate that cloud based mobile learning can be effectively used for learning engineering subjects that results in superior attainment of course outcomes.
Prince Dipanagara’s Pilgrim’s Staff
Authors: Scheurleer Pauline Lunsingh
Published: June 2019

An unusual artefact, a staff crowned by an iron disc, which once belonged to prince Dipanagara, leader of the Java War (1825-1830), was recently brought into the open. The aim of this article is to discover its function. A help is a contemporaneous note, recording its use during tirakat (pilgrimage). Only special walking-sticks (cis) are used during tirakat. However, a cis is never topped by an iron finial. Iron finials are topping state lances (tumbak) in use at the courts in south-central Java. Dipanagara’s staff is a mixture of a cis and a tumbak. Dipanagara attached great importance to protection from the Upper World. Therefore, the many weapons he owned were actually amulets (jimat). For this reason the alleged provenance of the staff from a Sultan of Demak, a ruler of the first Islamic realm of Java, should also be considered.
Le substrat pré-hindou du culte des ancêtres : rites des morts à Bali
Authors: Couteau Jean , (Photos) Aimery Joëssel
Published: June 2019

Bali est connue comme une société hindoue, mais la réalité est plus complexe. Il y a certes eu indianisation, venue par Java et répandue par les maisons princières et brahmaniques, mais cette indianisation n’a fait qu’effleurer le rituel et le système de croyances. Sa principale influence est dans l’adoption du principe de réincarnation, les Balinais se réincarnant parmi les leurs et non selon la qualité de leur karma. Il n’y a pas, traditionnellement, de barrière conceptuelle entre le champ indigène, reposant sur le culte des ancêtres, et le champ indianisé, reposant sur la cosmogonie indienne. Les deux traditions s’imbriquent l’une dans l’autre sans contradiction apparente. Mais la campagne d’hindouisation dogmatique entreprise depuis quelques dizaines d’années par les autorités va peut-être troubler cet équilibre. L’article étudie un rite particulier du culte des ancêtres : l’exhumation des morts, qui illustre concrètement la rencontre des deux traditions lors du long cheminement de l’âme vers le séjour des âmes ancestrales au-dessus des hauteurs montagneuses.
Les échelles du commerce équitable : du commerce Nord-Sud au local
Authors: Rolland Lisa
Published: June 2019

Le commerce équitable, entendu comme un système international d’échanges marchands dont le but est de favoriser un développement local au Sud, pose la question de ses échelles et d’une lecture géographique. Son institutionnalisation et son intégration dans les politiques publiques, notamment via la campagne internationale Fair Trade Towns, étudiée en France (Lyon) et en Belgique (Bruxelles-Capitale), nous invitent à revisiter les espaces qui lui sont traditionnellement associés : Sud versus Nord, rural versus urbain, voire les modalités de consommation qui lui sont associées, international versus local. Cette évolution donne aussi une place nouvelle à la collectivité, une collectivité en tant que territoire labellisé équitable, et une collectivité en tant que nouvel acteur de la bonne santé du commerce équitable.
A Comparative Assessment between LQR and PID Strategies in Control of Two Wheeled Vehicle
Authors: Garziad Mouad , Saka Abdelmjid
Published: June 2019

The Modelling and control design of Two Wheel Vehicle represents an open and a challenging problem in terms of the complexity in these kind of vehicles. This article aims to represent a comparative analysis of two strategies of control which are modern controller LQR and Conventional Controller PID for the two wheeled vehicle. The main goal is to compare their performances in terms of the time specification and to determine the best control strategy. We begin our development with the implementation of the dynamic model of the two wheeled vehicle using Lagrange modeling with holonomic constraints. Further, the article deals with analyzing the eigenvalues of the linearized dynamic system at which the two wheeled vehicle lean and steer are stable. This research targets the development of the two controllers: PID and LQR. Those controllers are used to control both steer angle, and lean rate angle of two wheeled vehicle. The study includes as well a comparative assessment of those control strategies in terms of performance.
Influence of Pressure on Structural, Optical and Electronic Properties of As-ZnO
Authors: Xiao Ling Ping , Liu Yun Qin , Zeng Li
Published: June 2019

First-principles calculations are performed to study the electronic structures and optical properties of the As-doped ZnO under pressure up to 8 GPa. After doped, the electron density difference demonstrates the considerable electron charge density redistribution, which induces the effect of As-doped ZnO to increase the charge overlap between atoms. Moreover, as the pressure increases, the conduction and valence band shift to lower and higher energies, respectively. The shifts of the conduction and valence band result in a decreasing band gap. Additionally, the calculated optical constants of As-doped ZnO under pressure are also presented. Keywords: high pressure; As-doped ZnO; optical properties, Density functional theory.
Functionally Modified Zeolite Powders for Delivering Antibacterial Performance to Cellulosic Paper
Authors: Yuan Lin , Qian Xue Ren
Published: June 2019

Zeolite powders were first treated with hydrochloric acid, then reacted with sodium chloride, and sodium zeolite (Na-Zeolite) powders were obtained. Further Antibacterial zeolite powders were prepared by loading metal ions such as, Ag+ and Zn2+, Ag+ and Cu2+, Zn2+and Cu2+, Ag+ and Cu2+and Zn2+, through ion exchange. The powders were characterized by minimum Inhibitory concentration (MIC), SEM/EDXA and XRD. Antibacterial paper with antibacterial zeolite powders as filler was fabricated. The results demonstrated that MIC of loading (Ag++Zn2+) zeolite was 125ppm against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli . MIC of loading (Ag++Cu2++Zn2+) zeolite was 62.5ppm against Candida albicans and Aspergillus Niger. By adding 6% of (Ag++Zn2+), (Ag++Cu2+), and (Ag++Cu2++Zn2+) antibacterial zeolite powders, respectively, antibacterial paper were prepared; and the antibacterial rate of these papers against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans and Aspergillus Niger for 4h is close to 100%.
Cutting Edge: Synapse Propensity of Human Memory CD8 T Cells Confers Competitive Advantage over Naive Counterparts
Authors: Mayya Viveka , Judokusumo Edward , Abu-Shah Enas , Neiswanger Willie , Sachar Chirag , Depoil David , Kam Lance C. , Dustin Michael L.
Published: June 2019

Memory T cells are endowed with multiple functional features that enable them to be more protective than naive T cells against infectious threats. It is not known if memory cells have a higher synapse propensity (SP; i.e., increased probability to form immature immunological synapses that then provide an entry into different modes of durable interaction with APCs). In this study, we show that only human memory CD8 T cells have remarkably high SP compared with naive counterparts. Such a dichotomy between naive and memory cells is not observed within the human CD4 or murine CD8 T cell population. Higher SP in human memory CD8 T cells allows them to outcompete and prevent naive CD8 T cells from getting recruited to the response. This observation has implications for original antigenic sin and aging of the immune system in humans.
Key Enabling Materials for 3DIC Fabrication and Device Performance
Authors: Gallagher Michael , Anzures Ed , Auger Robert , Bell Rosemary , Paul Berry , Dong Hua , Ho Michelle , Lachowski Joe , Lee Yil-Hak , Kondo Masaki , Kozhukh Julia , Morganelli Paul , Okada Janet , Pokhrel Ravi , Prange Jonathan , VanHanehem Matthew
Published: June 2019

As the electronics industry reaches the limits of lithographic processing at sub-10nm dimensions, alternate approaches to meet the demand for increasing device density, reducing package size and improving device performance are being explored. Die stacking approaches to reduce the path length between CPU, GPU and memory devices using a heterogeneous 3DIC chip stacking technology have recently been announced, while memory manufacturers have been creating HBM die stacks for use in servers and highspeed applications. At DuPont Electronics & Imaging (E&I), we have been working to enable 3DIC technology through the development of chemicals and processes such as CMP pads and slurries for polishing all the critical materials, chemical cleaners to remove residues, and photoresists to pattern TSVs, pads and pillars. In addition to these materials, E&I also provides permanent materials for hybrid bonding, including electrodeposited copper for TSVs, pads and pillars as well as tin-silver for pillar capping. Another critical part of hybrid bonding is the adhesive bonding material, which needs to be planarized and yet still have sufficient flow to bond at the same time as the Cu-Cu or Cu-SnAg interconnect. This paper will demonstrate how these critical materials can be used together to fabricate 3DIC devices using a conventional bonding tool. Processing of wafers with sub-20 micron pillars has been completed with good metal joining and void-free bonding of the BCB-based polymer adhesive.
A Dialogic Approach to Teaching Person-Centered Care in Graduate Medical Education
Authors: Kuper Ayelet , Boyd Victoria A. , Veinot Paula , Abdelhalim Tarek , Bell Mary Jane , Feilchenfeld Zac , Najeeb Umberin , Piquette Dominique , Rawal Shail , Wong Rene , Wright Sarah R. , Whitehead Cynthia R. , Kumagai Arno K. , Richardson Lisa
Published: June 2019

Background

Training future physicians to provide compassionate, equitable, person-centered care remains a challenge for medical educators. Dialogues offer an opportunity to extend person-centered education into clinical care. In contrast to discussions, dialogues encourage the sharing of authority, expertise, and perspectives to promote new ways of understanding oneself and the world. The best methods for implementing dialogic teaching in graduate medical education have not been identified.

Objective

We developed and implemented a co-constructed faculty development program to promote dialogic teaching and learning in graduate medical education.

Methods

Beginning in April 2017, we co-constructed, with a pilot working group (PWG) of physician teachers, ways to prepare for and implement dialogic teaching in clinical settings. We kept detailed implementation notes and interviewed PWG members. Data were iteratively co-analyzed using a qualitative description approach within a constructivist paradigm. Ongoing analysis informed iterative changes to the faculty development program and dialogic education model. Patient and learner advisers provided practical guidance.

Results

The concepts and practice of dialogic teaching resonated with PWG members. However, they indicated that dialogic teaching was easier to learn about than to implement, citing insufficient time, lack of space, and other structural issues as barriers. Patient and learner advisers provided insights that deepened design, implementation, and eventual evaluation of the education model by sharing experiences related to person-centered care.

Conclusions

While PWG members found that the faculty development program supported the implementation of dialogic teaching, successfully enabling this approach requires expertise, willingness, and support to teach knowledge and skills not traditionally included in medical curricula.
Effects of different floor materials on the welfare and behaviour of slow- and fast-growing broilers
Authors: Çavuşoğlu Enver , Petek Metin
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Litter quality and fast growth rate are the two main issues in broiler welfare. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of genotype and floor material on broiler welfare and behaviour. In the study, slow-growing (Hubbard JA57) and fast-growing (Ross 308) broilers on a slatted floor and deep litter were used; there were four main groups (2 genotype × 2 housing) and each treatment group consisted of 5 replicates. Each replicate group consisted of 10 male chicks, and 200 birds were used in total. The experiment lasted for 8 weeks. The welfare parameters were recorded in weeks 6, 7, and 8, whereas behaviour data were collected in week 8 only. Results showed that welfare parameters of broiler chickens were affected by genotype and floor type. Slow-growing broilers had better welfare parameters than fast-growing broilers. The slatted floor had a positive effect on main welfare parameters of the birds. Slower-growing broilers had a longer distance in the avoidance distance test. Tonic immobility reaction was longer in slow-growing broilers compared to fast-growing broiler. On the other hand, floor type did not affect behaviour parameters. As a conclusion, slow-growing broilers had better welfare parameters than fast-growing broilers and slat flooring could be beneficial to improve broiler welfare, but further behavioural investigations are needed such as dust bathing and walking behaviour.
Schwierigkeiten mit der kritischen Geographie
Authors: Korf Benedikt
Published: June 2019

Abstract. This paper takes Foucault's and Sloterdijk's reception of the Greek cynics as an intellectual resource to critically examine critical geography's moralizing high ground. I analyse how, in 1983, Foucault and Sloterdijk paint the cynical impulse as a political practice of provocative truth-telling against the moral high-grounds of the dogmatic left of the 1970s: For Foucault and Sloterdijk, the cynics are anti-dogmatic, anti-theoretical and anti-scholastic. I will argue, however, that the cynical impulse is itself in danger of speaking from the moral high ground of anti-critique, a disposition that needs the anti-dote of skepticism.
Warming temperatures are impacting the hydrometeorological regime of Russian rivers in the zone of continuous permafrost
Authors: Makarieva Olga , Nesterova Nataliia , Post David Andrew , Sherstyukov Artem , Lebedeva Lyudmila
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Large Arctic river basins experience substantial variability in climatic,
landscape, and permafrost conditions. However, the processes behind the
observed changes at the scale of these basins are relatively poorly
understood. While most studies have been focused on the “Big 6” Arctic
rivers – the Ob', Yenisey, Lena, Mackenzie, Yukon, and Kolyma – few or no
assessments exist for small and medium-sized river basins, such as the
Yana and Indigirka River basins. Here, we provide a detailed analysis of
streamflow data from 22 hydrological gauges in the Yana and Indigirka River
basins with a period of observation ranging from 35 to 79 years up to 2015.
These river basins are fully located in the zone of continuous permafrost.
Our analysis reveals statistically significant (p<0.05) positive trends in
the monthly streamflow time series during the autumn–winter period for most
of the gauges. The streamflow increases in a stepwise pattern (post-1981) for
17 out of 22 gauges in September (average trend value for the period of
record is 58 % or 9.8 mm) and 15 out of 22 gauges in October (61 %
or 2.0 mm). The positive trends are seen in 9 out of 19 rivers that do not
freeze in November (54 %, 0.4 mm) and 6 out of 17 rivers that do not
freeze in December (95 %, 0.15 mm). Precipitation is shown to decrease
in late winter by up to 15 mm over the observational period. Additionally,
about 10 mm of precipitation that used to fall as snow at the beginning of
winter now falls as rain. Despite the decrease in winter precipitation, no
decrease in streamflow has been observed during the spring freshet in May and June
in the last 50 years (from 1966); moreover, five gauges show an increase of
86 % or 12.2 mm in spring floods via an abrupt change in 1987–1993. The
changes in spring freshet start date are identified for 10 gauges; the
earlier onset in May varies from 4 to 10 d over the observational period. We
conclude that warmer temperatures due to climate change are impacting the
hydrological regime of these rivers via changes in precipitation type (rain
replacing snow). Other factors, such as the melting of permafrost, glaciers, and
aufeis or changes in groundwater conditions, are likely to contribute as
well; however, no direct observations of these changes are available. The
changes in streamflow can have a significant impact on the ecology of the
zone of continuous permafrost, while the increasing freshwater fluxes to the
Arctic Ocean can impact the Arctic thermohaline circulation.
Resisting Structural Epistemic Injustice
Authors: Doan Michael
Published: June 2019

What form must a theory of epistemic injustice take in order to successfully illuminate the epistemic dimensions of struggles that are primarily political? How can such struggles be understood as involving collective struggles for epistemic recognition and self-determination that seek to improve practices of knowledge production and make lives more liveable? In this paper, I argue that currently dominant, Fricker-inspired approaches to theorizing epistemic wrongs and remedies make it difficult, if not impossible, to understand the epistemic dimensions of historic and ongoing political struggles. Recent work in the theory of recognition—particularly the work of critical, feminist, and decolonial theorists—can help to identify and correct the shortcomings of these approaches. I offer a critical appraisal of recent conversation concerning epistemic injustice, focusing on three characteristics of Frickerian frameworks that obscure the epistemic dimensions of political struggles. I propose that a theory of epistemic injustice can better illuminate the epistemic dimensions of such struggles by acknowledging and centering the agency of victims in abusive epistemic relations, by conceptualizing the harms and wrongs of epistemic injustice relationally, and by explaining epistemic injustice as rooted in the oppressive and dysfunctional epistemic norms undergirding actual communities and institutions.
“Prediscursive Epistemic Injury”: Recognizing Another Form of Epistemic Injustice?
Authors: Lobb Andrea
Published: June 2019

This article revisits Miranda Fricker’s Epistemic Injustice (2007) through one specific aspect of Axel Honneth’s recognition theory. Taking a first cue from Honneth’s critique of the limitations of the “language-theoretic framework” in Habermas’ discourse ethics, it floats the idea that the two categories of Fricker’s groundbreaking analysis—testimonial and hermeneutical injustice—likewise lean towards a speech-based metric (equating harm to the capacities to know with compromise to the capacity to speak of what one knows). If we accept, however, that there are also implicit, preverbal, affective, and embodied ways of knowing and channels of knowledge transmission, this warrants an expansion of Fricker’s original concept. By drawing on Honneth’s recognition theory (particularly his Winnicottian-inspired account of ‘first order’ recognition and basic trust), I argue it is possible to extend the account of epistemic injustice beyond Fricker’s two central categories, to glimpse yet another register of serious “wrong done to someone specifically in their capacity as a knower.” I define this harm as prediscursive epistemic injury and offer two central cases to illustrate this additional form of epistemic injustice.
Offending White Men: Racial Vilification, Misrecognition, and Epistemic Injustice
Authors: Richardson-Self Louise
Published: June 2019

In this article I analyse two complaints of white vilification, which are increasingly occurring in Australia. I argue that, though the complainants (and white people generally) are not harmed by such racialized speech, the complainants in fact harm Australians of colour through these utterances. These complaints can both cause and constitute at least two forms of epistemic injustice (willful hermeneutical ignorance and comparative credibility excess). Further, I argue that the complaints are grounded in a dual misrecognition: the complainants misrecognize themselves in their own privileged racial specificity, and they misrecognize others in their own marginal racial specificity. Such misrecognition preserves the cultural imperialism of Australia’s dominant social imaginary—a means of oppression that perpetuates epistemic insensitivity. Bringing this dual misrecognition to light best captures the indignity that is suffered by the victims of the aforementioned epistemic injustices. I argue that it is only when we truly recognize difference in its own terms, shifting the dominant social imaginary, that “mainstream Australians” can do their part in bringing about a just society.
La asimilación de la cultura irania por cinco califas abasíes
Authors: Rahimi Jafari Narges
Published: June 2019

En el presente artículo, se describe cómo los abasíes se apoyaron en los iranios para alcanzar el poder, y una vez logrado, siguieron dependiendo de ellos para regir su califato. Esta unión en un principio política, desembocó en la asimilación de ciertos componentes culutrales iranios por los abasíes. Este proceso histórico-cultural se inició con el primer califa abasí y continuó en los siguientes califas hasta alcanzar su cénit con al-Ma'mūn. Este artículo muestra cómo y en qué aspectos, cinco de los primeros califas abasíes emularon a los reyes sasánidas y en general a todos iranios.
La "aventura heroica" en el "Kitāb al-anwār" de los moriscos del siglo XVI: Mahoma como arquetipo del “héroe-niño”
Authors: Cruz Fernández Emil Leonardo
Published: June 2019

En este trabajo exploro cómo se despliega el modelo nuclear de la aventura heroica en la versión aljamiada del Kitāb al-anwār (Libro de las luces), relato pseudo- biográfico sobre el Profeta Mahoma. Analizo cómo en esta narración morisca del siglo XVI se exhiben las tres fases que competen a la aventura heroica —“salida”, “iniciación” y “retorno”—; asimismo examino la imagen del Mensajero de Alá como arquetipo del héroe-niño, cuyas vivencias incluyen temas o circunstancias que competen a este perfil heroico: “concepción milagrosa”, “exilio” y“regreso”. Mi estudio concluye que la imagen del profeta Mahoma como un héroe-niño, así como el modelo nuclear de la aventura del héroe en el Kitāb al-anwār, podría haber despertado en los lectores y oyentes moriscos del siglo XVI, el deseo de adherirse con vehemencia (pero clandestinamente) a sus prácticas religiosas, así como enfrentar las adversidades con coraje y tenacidad, teniendo en cuenta que, al igual que el Profeta Mahoma y sus antepasados, su fe, ejercicios espirituales y constancia los conducirían hacia elAlŷanna(Paraíso), dimensión metafísica prometida en el Corán a los musulmanes que permanezcan firmes a los preceptos islámicos.
Al-Mahdī: el mesías islámico en la obra de ibn ‘arabī
Authors: Shafik Ahmed
Published: June 2019

El tema de un Mesías procedente de la descendencia del Profeta, con matizaciones políticas bien marcadas, con reivindicaciones de justicia, de liberación política y dominación sobre los enemigos ha sido una idea predominante que corre a través de la literatura escatológica. El presente trabajo tiene la finalidad de estudiar y traducir el retrato de al-Mahdī, el Mesías esperado, en la obra de Ibn ‘Arabī: genealogía, acciones proféticas, dimensión política, Consejeros, ciencia.
Researching of the concentration distribution of soluble layers when mixed in the weight condition
Authors: Stadnyk Igor Yaroslavovych , Pankiv Juilia , Havrylko Petro , Karpyk Halina
Published: June 2019

The analytical and experimental analysis of the processes associated with the formation of structural systems, which includes adsorption, its main paths of formation, patterns of influence on the structure of the environment and its behavior at deformation influences is carried out. The ways of choosing the optimal variant of the adsorption diffusion process for providing the maximum or minimum value of parameters (criterion) are proposed. The physical essence of the relation of the length of the sorbent layer with the time of its protective action (number of bound substance) is considered, which allows to practically characterize the work of the sorbent layer under dynamic conditions. It is noted that the determination of dynamic combined power flow influences during the process of mixing of components plays an important role in the structure formation of the suspension and promotes the construction of calculations for the construction of mixing equipment. The obtained data give an answer a series of questions about the theory of adsorption and diffusion (adsorption actions of van der Walsh forces on surfaces) and the ability to regulate the effect of combined power flows directly affect these process transformations (concentrations). For a illustration and understanding of the general execution of research, depending on the method of applying force, the degree of its previous dispersion and its physical and mechanical properties, a scheme of causal relationships between components and parameters that determine the change in the structure of the components in mixing process on a new discrete machine. The principle of discrete-momentum mixing of components in the weight condition and mechanical influence of the formable working body is considered. Based on the process of mixing the components in the working chamber of the machine, a mathematical model is proposed.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Business and Economic Research, Vol. 9, No. 2
Authors: Young Daisy
Published: June 2019

Business and Economic Research (BER) would like to thank the following reviewers for reviewing manuscripts from March 1, 2019, to June 1, 2019. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Many authors, regardless of whether BER publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Macrothink Publishing appreciates the following reviewers’ rigorous and conscientious efforts for this journal. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review during this period. Abeer M. Ali Abd ElkhalekAlina IaniogloAlmir A. AlihodžićAntonio Ruiz-PorrasAriel Soto CaroBilal Khalaf SakarnehBratu (Simionescu) MihaelaDorjana NanoEddie John FisherEissa Hasan AbohulaikaGee Nee LimGerasimos T. SoldatosHengky Sumisto HalimHui Shan LeeLaura Baselga-PascualMamta SinghRoderikus A. TrihatmokoRomeo Victor IonescuSaid JaouadiSamuel Asumadu-SarkodieSantosh B. ManjegowdaSerhii KozlovskyiZakayo Samson KisavaZi-Yi GuoZoran Wittine
Steinbeck and America's Liberal Political Tradition
Authors: Zirakzadeh Cyrus Ernesto
Published: June 2019

This article examines John Steinbeck's statements about U.S. politics in light of America's constantly evolving liberal discourse. The article first looks at similarities between Steinbeck's commitment to creativity and six major tenets of liberal thought. The piece then discusses how Steinbeck's views on poverty and racism diverged from the policy agenda of the Great Society liberals. The article closes with thoughts about the relevance of Steinbeck's ideas after the election of President Donald Trump.
Teaching The Grapes of Wrath in the Digital Humanities Age
Authors: Wrobel David
Published: June 2019

My spring 2017 course “John Steinbeck's America” offered a chance to explore the intersection of history and literature during the period from the New Deal to the Great Society, through the work of one of its greatest authors, as well as an opportunity to use Digital Humanities (DH) tools to stimulate interest in Steinbeck and aid analysis of the “five layers” he said he wrote into his greatest novel. This articles explores the challenges and opportunities that accompanied the course's DH features.
Steinbeck's Plays
Authors: Hays Peter
Published: June 2019

Steinbeck wanted more people to read plays unencumbered by lengthy set descriptions or stage directions, so he set about writing novellas that could be staged, wherein the set descriptions were minimal, and everything else was conferred by dialogue between characters. The first of three such novella/plays was Of Mice and Men, based to some extent on Steinbeck's own experience and set in a recognizable California landscape. The next, The Moon Is Down, written for the propaganda wing of WWII's OSS, is set in an unnamed country invaded and occupied by unnamed forces. The third, Burning Bright, initially set in a circus, then on a farm, originally titled Everyman by Steinbeck, indicated his purpose: to preach a moral lesson. The three plays move from realism to abstraction, and in so doing, had shorter Broadway runs and much less audience involvement.
Privacy, Security, and Patient Engagement: The Changing Health Data Governance
Landscape
Authors: Holmes John H.
Published: June 2019

Context: The rapid emergence of new technologies support collection and use of a
wide variety of data from clinical, genomic, social and behavioral, environmental, and
financial sources, and have a great impact on the governance of personal health
information.Papers in the special issue: The papers in this special issue on governance
touch on the topic from a variety of focuses, including leadership perspectives, local
and federal case studies, and the future importance of patient engagement.Themes: This
special issue focuses on three major themes—that data governance is growing in
importance and presenting new challenges that must be addressed, that health care
organizations must prioritize governance design, implementation, and functions as a
priority, and that governance seems to be naturally converging on an archetype as
described by this set of papers.Future State of Governance: In order to deal with issues
such as data de- and re-identification, data governance must be studied as its own
field.
Radiation exposure in prone vs. modified supine position during percutaneous nephrolithotomy: Results with an anthropomorphic model
Authors: St-Laurent Marie-Pier , Doizi Steve , Rosec Maéva , Terrasa Jean-Baptiste , Villa Luca , Traxer Olivier , Cloutier Jonathan
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Radiation exposure during urologic procedures is still of concern in the urologist’s community. It has been reported that percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in supine position will have less irradiation as the puncture is mostly done under ultrasound guidance. However, it can also be done under fluoroscopy guidance. Unfortunately, data on radiation exposure during PCNL is more lacking since they are often drawn form generalization and extrapolation, or not evaluating new procedures or different positions. The aim of our study was to compare the radiation dose depending on the position of the surgeon.

Methods: A portable C-arm was used in standard mode (32 impulsions/second; 98kV, 3.8mA). Specific dosimeters were placed for lens, extremity and torso. Anthropomorphic models and hand phantom models were used to reproduce the position of surgeon and patient (with same bone density than human) during PCNL in prone and modified supine position. Fluoroscopy time (FT) was 6 minutes to obtain higher exploitable signal, and the results are given for a FT of 3 minutes (more realistic). Ten percent of the FT is done with an angulation of 15 degrees and the rest in anteroposterior position.

Results: The equivalent doses (ED) are given in uSV (uncertainty k=2). During the modified supine position: neck, lens, right index finger, left thumb and index finger received ED of 99 (20%), 62 (18%), 437 (10%), 112 (12%), 204 (10%), respectively. In a prone position, the phantom received ED on the neck, lens, right thumb and index finger, left thumb and index finger of 85 (20%), 92 (12%), 401 (10%), 585 (10%), 295 (10%), 567 (10%), respectively. In both position, the right hand seems more exposed than the left hand.

Conclusion: The effective dose is 1.5 and 1.3 fold higher for lens and extremities, respectively, in a prone position PCNL compared to a modified supine position. Both positioning are still well below the recommended limit for professional exposition.
The Effect of Outdoor Sports as Undergraduate Elective Course on Environmental Sensitivity
Authors: Arslan Yasin , Albay Faruk
Published: June 2019

This study aims to examine the views of students who take or do not take outdoor sports as undergraduate elective course at different departments of Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University on environmental sensitivity. The study group consists of 288 undergraduate students with a mean age of 20.9 ± 2.19 studying at the Faculty of Education, Vocational School of Higher Education, Faculty of Dentistry, and Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences. Of the students, 140 (90 males and 50 females) take Outdoor Sports as an elective course. Scanning method was employed in the study. A questionnaire on environmental sensitivity to determine the students’ knowledge, sensitivity and attitudes was conducted randomly as data instrument. In the evaluation of data, aside from descriptive statistical methods (arithmetic average, standard deviation, frequency-percentage), normality test was made for all variables in the research. All the variables comply with the normal distribution at p < 0.05 significance level. T-test was conducted for the independent variable in between-group comparisons of the parameters, with a statistical significance at p < 0.05 level. Within this study, a statistically significant difference was found between the general score averages of student views on environmental sensitivity by gender (p = 0.047). However, as far as taking Outdoor Sports as elective is concerned, there was not a statistically significant difference between the general score averages of student views on environmental sensitivity (p = .693). There was also no statistically significant difference between the general score averages of the views on environmental sensitivity of students who take and do not take the elective outdoor sports course (p < 0.05).
Investigating the Role of School-Based Extracurricular Activity Participation in Adolescents’ Learning Outcomes: A Propensity Score Method
Authors: Hsu Hsien-Yuan , Lee KoFan , Bentley John , Acosta Sandra
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this study was to apply a propensity score method that could control for selection bias at both the student-level and school-level in an investigation of the causal effect linking participation in school-based extracurricular activity (SBEA) to adolescents’ learning outcomes. The data for this study were drawn from the Education Longitudinal Study of 2002 (ELS: 2002) data set. The final sample comprised 12,247 10th graders; 6,026 (49.20%) were males. A propensity score method incorporating marginal mean weighting through stratification was implemented to analyze the data. Results showed that 10th graders who had proper intensity of participation in SBEA (6–15 hours a week) slightly outperformed peers who did not participate in SBEA on the performance of mathematics achievement in 12th grade. Regarding the link between SBEA participation and adolescents’ long-term learning outcomes, results indicated 10th graders in 2002 with low to moderate levels of intensity (i.e., 1–15 hours) were more likely to achieve higher education credentials by the year 2012 when compared to non-participating peers.
Will Adaptation Delay the Transition to Clean Energy Systems? An Analysis with AD-MERGE
Authors: Bahn Olivier , Bruin Kelly de , Fertel Camille
Published: June 2019

Climate change is one of the greatest environmental challenges facing our planet in the foreseeable future, yet, despite international environmental agreements, global GHG emissions are still increasing. In this context, adaptation measures can play an important role in reducing climate impacts. These measures involve adjustments to economic or social structures to limit the impact of climate change without limiting climate change itself. To assess the interplay of adaptation and mitigation, we develop AD-MERGE, an integrated assessment model that includes both reactive (‘flow’) and proactive (‘stock’) adaptation strategies as well as a range of mitigation (energy) technologies. We find that applying adaptation optimally delays but does not prevent the transition to clean energy systems (carbon capture and sequestration systems, nuclear, and renewables). Moreover, applying both adaptation and mitigation is more effective than using just one.
De voorgestelde wettelijke bedenktijd: een (on)gerechtvaardigde belemmering?
Authors: Traas R.
Published: June 2019

De voorgestelde wettelijke bedenktijd: een (on)gerechtvaardigde belemmering?

Deze bijdrage beschouwt de mogelijke strijdigheid van de voorgestelde wettelijke bedenktijd met het vrij verkeer van kapitaal en de vrijheid van vestiging. Meer specifiek wordt de door de minister aangedragen rechtvaardiging voor een eventuele belemmerende werking van wettelijke bedenktijd op deze beginselen aan Europees recht getoetst.
Automated Leaf Alignment and Partial Shape Feature Extraction for Plant Leaf Classification
Authors: Hamid Laith Emad , Al-Haddad Syed Abdul Rahman
Published: June 2019

The last few decades have witnessed various approaches to automate the process of plant classification using the characteristics of the leaf. Several approaches have been proposed, and the majority focused on global shape features. However, one challenge that faces this task is the high interclass similarity amongst the leaves of different species in terms of the global shape. Furthermore, there always has been an obstacle against full automation as several approaches require user intervention to align the leaf. Therefore, a new set of Quartile Features (QF) is proposed in this paper to describe the partial shape of the leaf, in addition to an automated alignment approach to automate the system. The QF are extracted from the horizontal and vertical leaf quartiles to describe the partial shape of the leaf and the relations among its parts. The well-known Flavia dataset has been selected for the evaluation of the proposed system. The experimental results indicate the ability of the proposed alignment algorithm to align leaves with different shapes and maintain a correct classification accuracy regardless of the orientation of the input leaf samples. Furthermore, the proposed QF indicated promising results by increasing the accuracy of the classification by a range of approximately 26% to 30% when combined with Hu’s Moment Invariants, using k-fold cross-validation technique.
Com que Roupa Eu Vou? Compreendendo o Consumo de Vestimentas Realizado por Empresárias de Confecções
Authors: Silva Marianny Jessica de Brito , Santana Shirley Arruda , Costa Marconi Freitas da
Published: June 2019

Objetivo: Este artigo visa analisar empresrias de um cluster regional de confeco e suas relaes com as roupas que escolhem vestir.Mtodo: A pesquisa qualitativa e estuda casos mltiplos a partir de entrevistas em profundidade, investigando-as por meio da anlise semntico-pragmtica da conversao.Originalidade/Relevncia: A principal originalidade desta pesquisa est no pblico investigado, que so as empresrias da Moda. As pesquisas realizadas nesse segmento investigam o consumidor final e as estratgias de varejo adotadas para influenciar a compra, mas um enfoque em entender as empresrias enquanto consumidoras e usurias do produto ainda no foi explorado.Resultados: Os achados desse estudo apontam os seguintes resultados: por meios das roupas que compram e vestem, as mulheres de negcios comunicam como so ou gostariam de ser; a profisso e a funo desempenhada podem influenciar na escolha do produto a ser comprado; o processo de compra no planejado e no sistematizado; as roupas podem comunicar o estilo gerencial e tambm podem indicar o papel social desempenhado, a individualidade, o status econmico e o grupo de afiliao ou aspirao dessas empresrias.Contribuies tericas: Este estudo oferece um avano terico ao identificar um fechamento bastante interessante do circuito cultural em que as criadoras viram criaturas. As empresrias analisadas criam objetos de consumo em suas empresas para serem desejados pelos consumidores(as); e so transformadas elas prprias, por meios dos desejos e comportamentos de compra, em objetos de consumo, imagens de sucesso a serem adquiridos e reproduzidos.
Hábitos e Preferências de Consumo de Pessoas Diagnosticadas com Depressão
Authors: Melo Francisco Vicente Sales , Alcoforado Daniela Gomes , Guedes Nathália Arraes
Published: June 2019

Objetivo: Estudos relacionando a depresso e o consumo de produtos em geral ainda so incipientes na literatura do comportamento do consumidor. Com isso, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar quais os hbitos e preferncias de consumo de indivduos diagnosticados com algum nvel de transtorno depressivo. Mtodo: Por meio de um survey, 451 participantes responderam a itens relativos depresso e ao consumo de bens e servios distribudos em doze categorias. Para verificar se os participantes apresentavam algum nvel de depresso, aplicou-se o Inventrio de Depresso de Beck-BDI. Originalidade/Relevncia: No se viu na literatura acessada estudos que pudessem indicar um perfil de consumo de pessoas com depresso, j que geralmente elas apresentam comportamentos relativamente distintos ou mais frequentes daqueles que no tem a doena, por conta dos seus sintomas. Com isso, percebe-se que h uma lacuna terica em estudos que avaliem os efeitos que esse transtorno pode gerar nos hbitos gerais e preferncias de consumo e de que modo as empresas podem desenvolver aes que venham melhorar o bem-estar dessas pessoas. Resultados: Os resultados revelaram que 26,2% dos respondentes apresentaram algum nvel de depresso. Constatou-se que h relao entre depresso e alguns hbitos especficos e preferncias de consumo, o que caracteriza um perfil especfico de consumidores. Contribuies tericas/metodolgicas: Este estudo contribui com a literatura do comportamento do consumidor ao apresentar um quadro com perfil mais frequente, hbitos e preferncias de consumo de pessoas com depresso, alm de apontar possibilidades de prticas para o desenvolvimento de polticas pblicas e empresariais, para gerao de bem-estar desses indivduos na sociedade.
EDUCATIONAL CLUSTER INVEST IN EDU – SUMMARY OF COOPERATION BETWEEN SCIENCE AND BUSINESS (2015-2018)
Authors: Detyna Beata , Mroczek-Czetwertyńska Agnieszka
Published: June 2019

Education for the needs of a rapidly changing labor market is undoubtedly a modern challenge for education and science, while for business, the acquisition of employees with the competences expected by employers. Therefore, effective methods of cooperation between socio-economic and academic communities are increasingly sought for. This article presents the concept of cooperation between business and science in form of the Educational Cluster “INVEST in EDU”, established in Wałbrzych, in February 2015. The Wałbrzych Special Economic Zone “INVEST-PARK” is the leader of this cluster - it is one of the largest Special Economic Zones in
Poland. Presentation of the conclusions that result from the summary (over three years) of the Educational Cluster “INVEST in EDU” functioning is purpose of this article. Authors analyzed existing clauses in the cluster’s strategic documents, as well as actions undertaken in 2015-2018. Final recommendations regarding further cooperation between business and science representatives were based, among others, on experience of The Angelus Silesius University of Applied Sciences in Wałbrzych, who became a member of the Cluster in June 2017.
THE PRIVILEGED STATUS OF FAMILY FARMS AS A SPECIAL FAMILY FORM IN CONDUCTING AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITY IN POLAND. ISSUES SELECTED IN THE FIELD OF ACQUIRING AGRICULTURAL LAND RIGHTS
Authors: Czerwińska-Koral Katarzyna
Published: June 2019

According to art. 23 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland, family farms form the basis of the agricultural system of the Republic of Poland. Family farms is a special type of farm run by an individual farmer. The legislator, realizing the assumptions of agricultural policy, concretes the constitutional norm by means of formal institutions, that is, regulations and legal regulations that prefer a family farm as a form of conducting agricultural activity. Thus, conducting business in this special form and - as a result - managing it is easier compared to other forms of activity. Particular facilities relate to the acquisition of agricultural land rights (possession of agricultural land). The purpose of this article is to draw attention to the preferences of the legislator in relation to family farms and individual farmers who run them.