bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Radiology Estimates of Viable Tumor Percentage in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Ablation Cavities Correlate Poorly With Pathology Assessment
Authors: Hanson Joshua Anspach , Ason Regina , Weinreb Jeffrey , Van Dyke Alison , Mitchell Kisha Anne
Published: March 2013

Context.—No study has evaluated radiology/pathology correlation of percentage viable tumor (PVT) estimates in ablated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to examine the reliability of radiologic estimates.

Objective.—To determine how well interdisciplinary PVT estimates correlate and identify pathologic factors that influence this correlation.

Design.—Pathologists and radiologists established blinded PVT estimates in 22 HCC ablation cavities. Paired sample t tests examined the differences between the interdisciplinary estimates.

Results.—Fifteen cavities had pathologic viable tumor (VT) (68%) and 6 had radiographic VT (22%). Radiology's sensitivity for detecting VT was 40% and the specificity was 100%. Pathology detected significantly more VT than radiology (pathology mean = 22.3% versus radiology mean = 2.6%; P = .005). Five cavities had tumor growth in a discontinuous rim pattern, 7 in a nodular pattern, and 3 in a solid pattern. Radiology did not detect VT in cavities with a discontinuous rim pattern (sensitivity = 0%) but did detect VT in 3 cavities with a nodular pattern (sensitivity = 43%), and in all cavities with a solid pattern (sensitivity = 100%). There was no significant difference in PVT estimates in cavities 3.5 cm or larger (P = .07), but there was a significant difference in cavities smaller than 3.5 cm (P = .01).

Conclusion.—This study clarifies that the risk of underestimation by imaging is greatest in small lesions (<3.5 cm), though the sensitivity of detection depends primarily on the tumor growth pattern within the cavity. This underestimation raises the question of whether basing treatment decisions on a radiologic impression of complete ablation is valid.
La musique dans la vie des jeunes enfants : recension, analyse et critique de quelques théories du développement musical
Authors: Bolduc Jonathan
Published: March 2013

Les recherches concernant le développement des capacités musicales chez les jeunes enfants sont en plein essor. Inspirés par différentes théories constructivistes et socioconstructivistes, quelques psychologues de la musique ont, depuis les 30 dernières années, élaboré différents modèles afin d’éclairer les savoirs musicaux présents à la période préscolaire. Cet article recense, analyse et critique cinq des principaux modèles qui ont été développés au cours de ces trois décennies. Il réitère également l’importance qui doit être accordée à l’éducation musicale au cours de la petite enfance, et du rôle positif quelle peut jouer dans le cadre d’un enseignement interdisciplinaire.
Privileging Narratives: Singing, the Polish Tatras, and Canada
Authors: Wrazen Louise
Published: March 2013

The traditional singing of Górale from the Tatra mountain region of Podhale favours a single phrase of melody and two lines of text. The narrative significance of this singing is traced from homeland to diaspora: collectively, these songs constitute a regional narrative that in Poland provided the framework for personal expressions constructed spontaneously in performance and embedded in social discourse; in Canada, the individual story is subsumed in favour of a collective narrative that locates a meaningful space between these two worlds. Ultimately, the centrality of music in the experience and deliberate expression of difference within an evolving multicultural, transnational, globalized reality is reinforced.
Le magazine canadien-français : un média américain ?
Authors: Saint-Jacques Denis , des Rivières Marie-José
Published: March 2013

L’article examine la qualification d’« américain » donnée au magazine canadien-français du premier tiers du xxe siècle. Si l’opinion des contemporains et la présentation matérielle apparaissent comme des indices en ce sens, une comparaison avec les formes dominantes des magazines français et américains de la même époque révèle aussi un critère « d’esprit » qui confirmerait la justesse de cette appréciation. Pourtant, un autre aspect fondamental, le contenu de fiction, s’affirme absolument français et conduit à réévaluer l’américanité de ce média.
Enjeux culturels et sociaux de la circulation de la chanson J’attendrai dans les années 1940
Authors: Beaudet Simon-Pierre , Savoie Chantal
Published: March 2013

Cette analyse aborde le cas singulier de la circulation de la chanson J’attendrai dans la culture des années 1940, dont l’analyse des variantes permet de cerner les rapports mouvants d’une chanson aux genres chansonniers et musicaux, aux goûts et aux pratiques du public, ainsi qu’à leur ancrage au sein des champs culturels nationaux. Elle permet même, parfois, de sonder les modalités de l’évolution des modèles des rapports sociaux entre les sexes présents dans différentes versions. Ce sont ainsi autant les enjeux artistiques, culturels, sociaux et intimes à l’oeuvre qui guident notre analyse de ce cas de transfert culturel, que le repérage de vecteurs permettant de formuler une équation de la circulation culturelle des chansons à succès.
Albert Tessier, agent de transmission d’une idée du Québec en France entre 1930 et 1950
Authors: Nadeau Brigitte
Published: March 2013

Dans les années 1920, Albert Tessier agit comme médiateur culturel entre le régionalisme mistralien et le Québec, dans le but d’adapter l’identité canadienne-française rurale et catholique au monde moderne. Entre 1930 et 1950, il participe à la transmission, en France, d’une idée du Québec comme pays de haute moralité et de nature. Il sélectionne ses intermédiaires à partir de critères régionalistes. Il répond à la demande française, mais s’interpose comme un filtre entre le Québec et les passeurs Georges Cerbelaud Salagnac, Raoul Blanchard, Maurice Genevoix et Marie Le Franc. Tessier fait du Québec un relais en retournant à la France un régionalisme mistralien remanié. Il sert sa propre cause de consolidation de l’identité canadienne-fraçaise en proposant le Québec comme société-mémoire de la France.
Un valentin au grand Maurice — Léon Bloy, Olivar Asselin et Robert LaPalme : essai sur un problème de transfert culturel dans l’histoire de la caricature au Québec
Authors: Hardy Dominic
Published: March 2013

En partant d’une caricature remarquablement violente de Maurice Duplessis, dessinée par Robert LaPalme et publiée dans l’hebdomadaire Vrai en février 1958, la présente étude fait état de certains défis que posent l’analyse et l’interprétation de l’image satirique dans l’histoire et, plus généralement, dans l’histoire de la culture littéraire et artistique au Québec. Les recherches sur la carrière de LaPalme montrent l’importance qu’il faut accorder à son milieu intellectuel et idéologique, de par son association avec quelques-uns des plus influents journalistes-éditeurs de son temps. Or une figure surprenante émerge de ces recherches : celle de l’écrivain français Léon Bloy. Les traces de son influence semblent nombreuses mais demeurent difficiles à dégager. Nous croyons pourtant qu’il s’agit bel et bien d’un cas de transfert culturel qui s’opère depuis la littérature polémique bloyenne du tournant du xxe siècle vers cette autre littérature polémique, souvent illustrée, qui est pratiquée au Québec dans les années 1930-1950 par les Olivar Asselin, Claude-Henri Grignon, André Laurendeau et, bien entendu, Robert LaPalme.
Les sites Internet des conseils scolaires francophones canadiens en milieu minoritaire : ressources indispensables pour les couples mixtes (interlinguistiques / interculturels)
Authors: Rocque Jules
Published: March 2013

L’article présente les résultats d’une cueillette de données virtuelles (2008 et 2010) à partir d’un échantillon de sites Internet de la Fédération nationale des conseils scolaires francophones (FNCSF). À la lumière de la transformation du profil de la clientèle qui fréquente les écoles de langue française en milieu francophone minoritaire (63 % provenant de couples mixtes ayant l’anglais comme langue de fonctionnement), l’étude cherche à voir quelle place occupe la langue anglaise dans les sites Internet et, plus particulièrement, quel type d’information est disponible pour les parents qui ne parlent pas le français. Malgré une certaine amélioration dans l’information disponible en anglais, l’auteur propose des recommandations qui pourraient améliorer la communication entre les autorités scolaires et leur clientèle.
Un regard critique sur les initiatives d’éducation inclusive des élèves immigrants en milieu scolaire fransaskois
Authors: Carlson Berg Laurie
Published: March 2013

En prenant comme cadre d’analyse les formes d’éducation qui s’opposent à l’oppression, le présent article propose une analyse des initiatives d’inclusion dans trois communautés scolaires fransaskoises. Trois directeurs d’école ont été interviewés afin de connaître leurs points de vue sur la population étudiante changeante. Les transcriptions des entretiens ont été analysées sur le plan du discours et sur le plan des catégories d’éducation qui s’opposent à l’oppression. D’abord, seront décrites les initiatives d’inclusion dans les écoles participantes, puis la consultation qui a été effectuée par la chercheure. L’article se conclura par des recommandations sur la façon dont les écoles pourraient élargir leurs initiatives actuelles afin de miser davantage sur des pédagogies critiques.
Pneumoconiosis and malignant mesothelioma in a family operated metal casting business that used industrial talc from New York state
Authors: Finkelstein Murray M.
Published: March 2013

Background

The United States is second only to the People's Republic of China in annual talc production. U.S. talc is used in the production of ceramics, paint, paper, plastics, roofing, rubber, cosmetics, flooring, caulking, and agricultural applications. A number of U.S. talc deposits consistently contain talc intergrown with amphiboles such as tremolite and/or anthophyllite. It has long been recognized that miners and millers of talc deposits are at risk for pneumoconiosis and it has recently been reported that it is prudent, on the balance of probabilities, to conclude that dusts from New York State talc ores are capable of causing mesothelioma in exposed workers. This is a report of the diagnosis of pneumoconiosis and mesothelioma in a husband and wife who operated a small metal casting business that used industrial talc from New York as a parting agent.

Methods

Case reports, including medical records and exposure histories, were provided by an attorney who had also commissioned laboratory investigation of the industrial talc product used in the factory.

Results

Mrs X was diagnosed with pneumoconiosis characterized by interstitial fibrosis and heavily calcified pleural plaques. Mr X had calcified pleural plaques and developed a fatal pleural mesothelioma. Samples of the industrial talc contained fibrous tremolite and anthophyllite.

Conclusions

The author concludes that end users of industrial talc from New York State may be at risk of pneumoconiosis and malignant disease. End users of talcs from other regions of the United States, where talc formation arose from processes driven by regional metamorphism, might also be at risk. Am. J. Ind. Med. 56:550–555, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Long‐Term Efficacy of a Program to Prevent Beryllium Disease
Authors: Thomas Carrie A. , Deubner David C. , Stanton Marcia L. , Kreiss Kathleen , Schuler Christine R.
Published: March 2013

Background

In 2000, a manufacturer of beryllium materials and products introduced a comprehensive program to prevent beryllium sensitization and chronic beryllium disease (CBD). We assessed the program's efficacy in preventing sensitization 9 years after implementation.

Methods

Current and former workers hired since program implementation completed questionnaires and provided blood samples for the beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test (BeLPT). Using these data, as well as company medical surveillance data, we estimated beryllium sensitization prevalence.

Results

Cross‐sectional prevalence of sensitization was 0.7% (2/298). Combining survey results with surveillance results, a total of seven were identified as sensitized (2.3%). Early Program workers were more likely to be sensitized than Late Program workers; one of the latter was newly identified. All sensitization was identified while participants were employed. One worker was diagnosed with CBD during employment.

Conclusions

The combination of increased respiratory and dermal protection, enclosure and improved ventilation of high‐risk processes, dust migration control, improved housekeeping, and worker and management education showed utility in reducing sensitization in the program's first 9 years. The low rate (0.6%, 1/175) among Late Program workers suggests that continuing refinements have provided additional protection against sensitization compared to the program's early years. Am. J. Ind. Med. 56:733–741, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Predictors of respiratory sickness absence: An international population‐based study
Authors: Kim Jeong‐Lim , Blanc Paul D. , Villani Simona , Olivieri Mario , Urrutia Isabel , van Sprundel Marc , Storaas Torgeir , Le Moual Nicole , Zock Jan‐Paul , Torén Kjell
Published: March 2013

Background

Respiratory tract‐related occupational disability is common among adults of working age. We examined occupational vapors, gas, dust, or fume (VGDF) exposure as a predictor of disability, based on respiratory sickness absence among the actively employed, at an early point at which prevention may be most relevant.

Methods

Currently employed European Community Respiratory Health Survey II participants (n = 6,988) were classified into three mutually exclusive, condition/symptom‐based categories: physician‐diagnosed asthma, self‐reported rhinitis, and wheeze/breathlessness (n = 4,772). Logistic regression analysis estimated the odds of respiratory sickness absence (past 12 months) by VGDF exposure.

Results

In the condition/symptom groups, 327 (6.9%) reported respiratory sickness absence. Exposure to VGDF was associated with increased odds of respiratory sickness absence: asthma odds ratio [OR] 2.0 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1–3.6), wheeze/breathlessness OR 2.2 (95% CI 1.01–4.8); rhinitis OR 1.9 (95% CI 1.02–3.4).

Conclusion

One in 15 currently employed with asthma, breathlessness, or rhinitis reported respiratory sickness absence. VGDF exposure doubled the odds of respiratory sickness absence, suggesting a focus for disability prevention. Am. J. Ind. Med. 56:541–549, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Dominance style of female white‐faced capuchins
Authors: Bergstrom Mackenzie L. , Fedigan Linda M.
Published: March 2013

Dominance style, the level of tolerance displayed by dominant individuals toward subordinate ones, is exhibited along a continuum from despotic to relaxed. It is a useful concept to describe the nature of dominance relationships in macaque species and it bridges among multiple features of dominance hierarchies, aggression, kinship and conflict resolution. Capuchins share many behavioral similarities with Old World monkeys and like macaques, may exhibit a suite of covarying characteristics related to dominance. Here, we provide an assessment of dominance style by examining measures of aggression and kin bias in 22 adult female white‐faced capuchin monkeys (Cebus capucinus) in three social groups at Santa Rosa Sector, Costa Rica. We found that bidirectionality of aggression was low (mean = 6.9% ± SE 1.6). However, there were few significant correlations between kin relatedness and social behavior (approaching, grooming, proximity, and co‐feeding), even though the intensity of kin bias in grooming was moderate and higher in the larger group. We conclude that patterns of aggression and kin‐biased behavior in our study animals are dissimilar to the patterns of covariation observed in macaque species. While unidirectional aggression suggests a despotic dominance style, the moderate expression of kin bias suggests an intermediate to relaxed classification when compared with results from an analysis of 19 macaque species. Additional studies of capuchin species and behaviors associated with dominance style (i.e., conciliatory tendencies) would help to create a comparative framework for the genus Cebus, and allow for more detailed cross‐species comparison of dominance relationships across all primates. Am J Phys Anthropol 150:591–601, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Antibacterial antiadhesion membranes from silver‐nanoparticle‐doped electrospun poly(L‐lactide) nanofibers
Authors: Liu Shen , Liu Shenghe , Liu Xudong , Zhao Jingwen , Cui Wenguo , Fan Cunyi
Published: March 2013

Electrospun fibrous membranes have been used frequently in biomedical applications, but their simultaneous use as antibacterial agents and in the prevention of cell adhesion on repaired tendons after injury has not been investigated. In this study, silver‐nanoparticle (SN)‐loaded poly(L‐lactide) (PLLA) fibrous membranes were prepared by the electrospinning of SNs into PLLA fibers. Micrograph results showed that these membranes were composed of electrospun fibers and that the fibers were incorporated with SNs. From the results of X‐ray diffraction and thermogravimetry, we concluded that the SNs were physically mixed into the fibers at the desired content. The mechanical properties were not significantly changed. The preliminary antibacterial effects on Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus and the synergistic antiproliferative effects of the SN‐loaded PLLA fibrous membranes were observed. Taken together, these results demonstrate that SNs can be directly loaded onto a biodegradable PLLA fibrous membrane via electrospinning to achieve proper material properties with preliminary potential as antibacterial antiadhesion barriers for tendon injury. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
d‐penicillamine capped cadmium telluride quantum dots as a novel fluorometric sensor of copper(II)
Authors: Mohammad‐Rezaei Rahim , Razmi Habib , Abdolmohammad‐Zadeh Hossein
Published: March 2013

d‐penicillamine‐capped cadmium telluride quantum dots (DPA‐capped CdTe QDs) were synthesized as the new fluorescent semiconductor nanocrystal in aqueous solution. Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, ultraviolet‐visible and photoluminescence spectroscopy were used for characterization of the QDs. Based on the quenching effect of Cu2+ ions on the fluorescence intensity of DPA‐capped CdTe QDs, a new fluorometric sensor for copper(II) detection was developed that showed good linearity over the concentration range 5 × 10–9–3 × 10–6 m with the detection limit 0.4 × 10–9 m. Owing to the strong affinity of the DPA to copper(II), the sensor showed appropriate selectivity for copper(II) compared with conventional QDs. The DPA‐capped CdTe QDs was successfully applied for determination of Cu2+ concentration in river, well and tap waters with satisfactory results. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Steric Control in the π‐Dimerization of Oligothiophene Radical Cations Annelated with Bicyclo[2.2.2]octene Units
Authors: Tateno Masaki , Takase Masayoshi , Iyoda Masahiko , Komatsu Koichi , Nishinaga Tohru
Published: March 2013

A Two series of oligothiophenes 2(nT) (n=4,5), annelated with bicyclo[2.2.2]octene (BCO) units at both ends, and quaterthiophenes 3 a–c, annelated with various numbers of BCO units at different positions, were newly synthesized to investigate the driving forces of π‐dimerization and the structure–property relationships of the π‐dimers of oligothiophene radical cations. Their radical‐cation salts were prepared through chemical one‐electron oxidation by using nitrosonium hexafluoroantimonate. From variable‐temperature electron spin resonance and electronic absorption measurements, the π‐dimerization capability was found to vary among the members of the 2(nT)+.SbF6− series and 3+.SbF6− series of compounds. To examine these results, density functional theory (DFT) calculations at the M06‐2X/6‐31G(d) level were conducted for the π‐dimers. This level of theory was found to successfully reproduce the previously reported X‐ray structure of (2(3T))22+ having a bent π‐dimer structure with cis–cis conformations. The absorption bands obtained by time‐dependent DFT calculations for the π‐dimers were in reasonable agreement with the experimental spectra. The attractive and repulsive forces for the π‐dimerization were divided into four factors: 1) SOMO–SOMO interactions, 2) van der Waals forces, 3) solvation, and 4) Coulomb repulsion, and the effects of each factor on the structural differences and chain‐length dependence are discussed in detail.
ChemInform Abstract: Soft Chemistry Synthesis of High‐Crystalline Orthogermanate CeGeO4: A New Photocatalyst.
Authors: Xing Jun , Yang Chen , Li Wei Kun , Gong Xue Qing , Yang Hua Gui
Published: March 2013

Nanocrystals of the title compound are synthesized by hydrothermal reaction of Ce(NO3)3 and GeO2 in aqueous NaOH (autoclave, 200 °C, 24—72 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Ce2AgYb5/3Se6, La2CuErTe5, and Ce2CuTmTe5: Three New Quaternary Interlanthanide Chalcogenides.
Authors: Babo Jean‐Marie , Albrecht‐Schmitt Thomas E.
Published: March 2013

The new title compounds are prepared from the elements in molten NaBr (evacuated silica tube, 850 °C).
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Asymmetric Direct Vinylogous Michael Addition of α,β‐Unsaturated γ‐Butyrolactam to Nitroolefins.
Authors: Choudhury Abhijnan Ray , Mukherjee Santanu
Published: March 2013

Aliphatic, aromatic and heteroaromatic nitroolefins are suitable substrates for the title reaction using cinchona alkaloids as catalysts.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Silica Bromide as Heterogeneous Reagent and Its Application to Conversion of Alcohols to Alkyl Bromides.
Authors: Mohanazadeh Farajollah , Zolfigol Mohammad A. , Sedrpoushan Alireza , Veisi Hojat
Published: March 2013

The reagent is highly efficient for the preparation of a broad spectrum of aliphatic and aromatic bromides.
ChemInform Abstract: Aerobic Organocatalytic Oxidation of Aryl Aldehydes: Flavin Catalyst Turnover by Hantzsch′s Ester.
Authors: Chen Shuai , Foss Frank W. Jr.
Published: March 2013

The Dakin oxidation can also be carried out with air as oxygen source, although longer reaction times are required.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohols Using the Catalytic System Sulfoxide/Oxo‐Complexes.
Authors: Sousa Sara C. A. , Bernardo Joana R. , Fernandes Ana C.
Published: March 2013

Conditions A) are elaborated as the most efficient ones: primary alcohol substrates afford good to excellent yields of the corresponding aldehydes, whereas secondary alcohols (V) produce only moderate yields.
ChemInform Abstract: SN2′ Alkylation of Cyclopropanols via Homoenolates.
Authors: Das Pragna Pratic , Belmore Ken , Cha Jin Kun
Published: March 2013

The stereoselective approach to the title compounds proceeds via mixed zinc/copper homoenolates of ketones.
ChemInform Abstract: Three‐Component Reactions of CF3‐Substituted Boranes, Ethyl Diazoacetate and Imines.
Authors: Elkin Pavel K. , Levin Vitalij V. , Dilman Alexander D. , Struchkova Marina I. , Arkhipov Dmitry E. , Korlyukov Alexander A.
Published: March 2013

The process renders possible the preparation of various β‐amino acid derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Sunlight‐Promoted Palladium‐Catalyzed Mizoroki—Heck, Suzuki—Miyaura and Sonogashira Reactions.
Authors: Chaudhary Anju R. , Bedekar Ashutosh V.
Published: March 2013

Mizoroki—Heck reactions in the presence of sunlight give considerable amounts of (Z)‐products due to photochemical isomerization of initially formed (E)‐alkenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Rh‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Carbenoid Functionalization of Aromatic C—H Bonds by α‐Diazomalonates.
Authors: Chan Wai‐Wing , Lo Siu‐Fung , Zhou Zhongyuan , Yu Wing‐Yiu
Published: March 2013

A mild Rh(III)‐catalyzed carbenoid ortho C—H cross‐coupling with diazomalonate (II) and related diazoesters is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed C(sp3)—H Arylation of Diarylmethanes at Room Temperature: Synthesis of Triarylmethanes via Deprotonative‐Cross‐Coupling Processes.
Authors: Zhang Jiadi , Bellomo Ana , Creamer Andrea D. , Dreher Spencer D. , Walsh Patrick J.
Published: March 2013

Diarylmethanes undergo a base‐promoted Pd(II)‐catalyzed reaction with bromoarenes to yield triarylmethanes under mild conditions in a chemoselective manner.
ChemInform Abstract: Cerium Metal Mediated Reformatsky‐type Reaction with Ethyl Bromosuccinate for the Synthesis of Novel Paraconic Acid Analogues.
Authors: Rodrigues Shirley M. M. , Nardini Viviani , Constantino Mauricio G. , da Silva Gil Valdo J.
Published: March 2013

The organocerium compound derived from ester (I) readily reacts with symmetrical and unsymmetrical ketones to give γ‐butyrolactones as main components and symmetrical diols such as (IV) as by‐products.
ChemInform Abstract: General Switch in Regioselectivity in the Mukaiyama Aldol Reaction of Silyloxyfuran with Aldehydes in Aqueous Solvents.
Authors: Woyciechowska Marta , Forcher Gwenael , Buda Szymon , Mlynarski Jacek
Published: March 2013

The regioselectivity is controlled by simple solvent tuning and the process is successfully applied to achiral and chiral versions.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of Dimethyl (S)‐2‐(p‐Tolyl)cyclopropane‐1,1‐dicarboxylate with Acetonitrile.
Authors: Chagarovskiy A. O. , Ivanov K. L. , Budynina E. M. , Ivanova O. A. , Trushkov I. V.
Published: March 2013

The reaction occurs with total loss of optical activity furnishing pyrroline (III).
ChemInform Abstract: A Three‐Component Reaction Toward the Synthesis of 1‐Carboxamido‐isoindoles.
Authors: Zhang Yanfeng , Lee Chi Lung , Liu Han , Li Xuechen
Published: March 2013

Various functionalized isoindole derivatives are readily available.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Four‐Component Synthesis of Some Novel Octahydroquinolindiones Using ZnO as an Efficient Catalyst in Water.
Authors: Azzam Sadeq Hamood Saleh , Siddekha Aisha , Pasha M. A.
Published: March 2013

A rapid process provides the title compounds (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Direct Amination of sp2 C—H Bonds for the Synthesis of N‐Aryl Acridones.
Authors: Zhou Wang , Liu Yong , Yang Youqing , Deng Guo‐Jun
Published: March 2013

The reaction is conducted under neutral conditions and allows the preparation of various medicinally important acridine derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: From Biomass to Medicines. A Simple Synthesis of Indolo[3,2‐c]quinolines, Antimalarial Alkaloid Isocryptolepine, and Its Derivatives.
Authors: Uchuskin Maxim G. , Pilipenko Arkady S. , Serdyuk Olga V. , Trushkov Igor V. , Butin Alexander V.
Published: March 2013

The preparation of indoloquinolines (IV) is based on an unusual furan‐to‐indole recyclization as the key step, caused by an acid‐induced reaction of furylanilines (I) with aromatic aldehydes (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Protolytic Opening of the Furan Ring in the Synthesis of 5H,10H‐Dipyrrolo[1,2‐a:1′,2′‐d]pyrazines.
Authors: Nevolina T. A. , Shcherbinin V. A. , Shpuntov P. M. , Butin A. V.
Published: March 2013

A novel route for the synthesis of dipyrrolopyrazines (II) based on a recyclization of furan derivatives (I) is given.
ChemInform Abstract: Shape‐Controlled Synthesis of LiMnPO4 Porous Nanowires.
Authors: Pei Zhenzhao , Zhang Xia , Gao Xiang
Published: March 2013

LiMnPO4 porous nanowires are prepared from solutions of MnSO4, H3PO4, and LiOH in a mixture of glycol and water (autoclave, 140 °C, 10 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Lanthanoid Coordination Compounds: Synthesis, Characterization and Biochemical Aspects
Authors: Agarwal Ram K. , Prasad Surendra , Singh Upma
Published: March 2013

Review: 53 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: From Containers to Catalysts: Supramolecular Catalysis within Cucurbiturils
Authors: Pemberton Barry C. , Raghunathan Ramya , Volla Sabine , Sivaguru Jayaraman
Published: March 2013

Review: 77 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral DMAP‐Type Catalysts for Acyl Transfer Reactions
Authors: Furuta T. , Kawabata T.
Published: March 2013

Review: 126 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Enamine Catalysis of Mannich Reactions
Authors: Benohoud M. , Hayashi Y.
Published: March 2013

Review: 114 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Carbohydrate Research Based on Organic Electrochemistry
Authors: Nokami Toshiki , Saito Kodai , Yoshida Jun‐ichi
Published: March 2013

Review: 59 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Development of a Nonenzymatic Kinetic Resolution of α‐Allenic Alcohols
Authors: Wang Yan , Hoen Rob , Hong Ran
Published: March 2013

Review: ca. 80 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Macroscopic Self‐Propelled Objects
Authors: Zhao Guanjia , Pumera Martin
Published: March 2013

Review: construction and sources of energy used by both millimeter‐ and centimeter‐sized self‐propelled macroscopic objects; 38 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Thermochemistry of Organoselenium and Organotellurium Compounds
Authors: Liebman Joel F. , Slayden Suzanne W.
Published: March 2013

Review: 152 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Macrocyclic Ligands for Fe(II) ParaCEST and Chemical Shift MRI Contrast Agents
Authors: Tsitovich Pavel B. , Morrow Janet R.
Published: March 2013

Review: 56 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Comprehensive Method Based on Model Free Method and IKP Method for Evaluating Kinetic Parameters of Solid State Reactions
Authors: Han Yunqing , Li Tianxiang , Saito Kozo
Published: March 2013

Review: 77 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recycling CO2? Computational Considerations of the Activation of CO2 with Homogeneous Transition Metal Catalysts.
Authors: Drees Markus , Cokoja Mirza , Kuehn Fritz E.
Published: March 2013

Review: 73 refs.
Evaluation of the CHADS2 Risk Score on Short‐ and Long‐Term All‐Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality After Syncope
Authors: Ruwald Martin Huth , Ruwald Anne‐Christine , Jons Christian , Lamberts Morten , Hansen Morten Lock , Vinther Michael , Køber Lars , Torp‐Pedersen Christian , Hansen Jim , Gislason Gunnar Hilmar
Published: March 2013

Background

Syncope risk stratification is difficult and has not been implemented clinically.

Hypothesis

The CHADS2 score can be applied as a risk stratification tool for predicting mortality after an episode of syncope.

Methods

All patients discharged from emergency departments with a first‐time diagnosis of syncope from 2001 to 2009 where identified from nationwide registers in Denmark and matched on sex and age with a control population. Risk of all‐cause or cardiovascular death was analyzed by multivariable Cox models.

Results

A total of 37 705 patients were included. There were a total of 7761 deaths (21%), of which 52% were cardiovascular vs 27 862 (15%) deaths in the control population. The risk of cardiovascular death was significantly increased with increasing CHADS2 score (CHADS2 score: 1–2, hazard ratio [HR]: 9.11, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 8.25‐10.07; CHADS2 score: 3–4, HR: 17.32, 95% CI: 15.42‐19.47; CHADS2 score: 5–6, HR: 26.66, 95% CI: 21.40‐33.21) relative to CHADS2 score of 0. A CHADS2 score of 0 was associated overall with very low event rates (15.1 deaths per 1000 person‐years) but was associated with increased relative risk in the syncope population compared to controls. Syncope predicted 1‐week, 1‐year, and long‐term mortality across CHADS2 scores compared to controls but did not reach significance in CHADS2 scores of 5 to 6.

Conclusions

Increasing CHADS2 score significantly predicts mortality in patients discharged with a diagnosis of syncope, and a CHADS2 score of 0 was associated with a very low absolute mortality. Compared to controls, syncope was associated with increased short‐ and long‐term mortality, particularly in the lower CHADS2 scores.
Sildenafil and Diastolic Dysfunction After Acute Myocardial Infarction Trial: Rationale and Design
Authors: Andersen Mads J. , Gustafsson Finn , Hassager Christian , Køber Lars , Møller Jacob E.
Published: March 2013

Aims

Diastolic dysfunction following myocardial infarction is an important predictor of outcome, irrespective of left ventricular systolic function. Previous studies suggest that phosphordiesterase‐5 inhibition has a favorable effect on the myocardium as well as on the pulmonary and systemic vasculature.

Methods

Patients ≥50 years old with recent myocardial infarction, preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (≥45%), and echocardiographic evidence of diastolic dysfunction (ratio between early [E] transmitral filling velocity and early diastolic tissue Doppler velocity [e′] ≥8 and left atrial volume ≥34 mL/m2) will be double‐blindly randomized 1:1 to receive 9 weeks of treatment with 40 mg sildenafil, 3 times per day, or comparable placebo. Before randomization and after 9 weeks of treatment, resting Doppler echocardiography, resting right heart catheterization, and symptom‐limited supine cycle exercise testing with simultaneous echocardiography and right heart catheterization will be performed. The primary end point is filling pressure at rest and at peak exercise.

Statistics

With a power of 80% and a significance level of .05, a study group of 60 patients is needed to detect a 15% reduction at peak exercise, which is considered clinically relevant. To account for dropouts and noncompliance, 70 patients will be enrolled in the study.

Conclusions

In addition to determining if sildenafil can reduce filling pressure at rest and at peak exercise, the Sildenafil and Diastolic Dysfunction After Acute Myocardial Infarction trial will provide additional hemodynamic information to help phenotypically classify this growing population of patients with diastolic dysfunction and preserved ejection fraction following myocardial infarction.
Human disturbance and stage‐specific habitat requirements influence snowy plover site occupancy during the breeding season
Authors: Webber Alyson F. , Heath Julie A. , Fischer Richard A.
Published: March 2013

Habitat use has important consequences for avian reproductive success and survival. In coastal areas with recreational activity, human disturbance may limit use of otherwise suitable habitat. Snowy plovers Charadrius nivosus have a patchy breeding distribution along the coastal areas on the Florida Panhandle, USA. Our goal was to determine the relative effects of seasonal human disturbance and habitat requirements on snowy plover habitat use. We surveyed 303 sites for snowy plovers, human disturbance, and habitat features between January and July 2009 and 2010. We made multiple visits during three different sampling periods that corresponded to snowy plover breeding: pre‐breeding, incubation, and brood‐rearing and used multi‐season occupancy models to examine whether human disturbance, habitat features, or both influenced site occupancy, colonization (probability of transition from an unoccupied site to an occupied site), and extinction (probability of transition from an occupied site to an unoccupied site). Snowy plover site occupancy and colonization was negatively associated with human disturbance and site extinction was positively associated with human disturbance. Interdune vegetation had a negative effect on occupancy and colonization, indicating that plovers were less likely to use areas with uniform, dense vegetation among dunes. Also, dune shape, beach debris, and access to low‐energy foraging areas influenced site occupancy, colonization, and extinction. Plovers used habitat based on beach characteristics that provided stage‐specific resource needs; however, human disturbance was the strongest predictor of site occupancy. In addition, vegetation plantings used to enhance dune rehabilitation may negatively impact plover site occupancy. Management actions that decrease human disturbance, such as symbolic fencing and signage, may increase the amount of breeding habitat available to snowy plovers on the Florida Panhandle and in other areas with high human activity. The specific areas that require this protection may vary across snowy plover life history stages.
Two Members of the {X4Nb16O56} Family (X = Ge, Si) Based on [(GeOH)2Ge2Nb16H2O54]12– and [K(GeOH)2Ge2Nb16H3O54]10–
Authors: Zhang Xin , Liu Shu‐Xia , Li Shu‐Jun , Gao Yu‐Huan , Wang Xue‐Na , Tang Qun , Liu Yi‐Wei
Published: March 2013

Two new heteropolyniobate compounds, (C2N2H10)6[(GeOH)2Ge2Nb16H2O54]·25H2O (1) and [Cu(en)2(H2O)2]5K10[K(GeOH)2Ge2Nb16H3O54]2·38H2O (2, en = ethylenediamine), have been prepared under hydrothermal–conventional combination conditions and structurally characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, powder and single‐crystal XRD, diffuse reflection spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. Compounds 1 and 2 are based on [(GeOH)2Ge2Nb16H2O54]12– and [K(GeOH)2Ge2Nb16H3O54]10– building blocks, respectively. Compound 1 represents the initially isolated Nb/Ge lacunary derivative and compound 2 exhibits 1D ladderlike chains. The photoluminescence properties and electrochemical properties of compounds 1 and 2 have been investigated.
Water flux and sediment transport within a forested landscape: the role of connectivity, subsurface flow, and slope length scale on transport mechanism
Authors: Ghahramani Afshin , Ishikawa Yoshiharu
Published: March 2013

The connectivity and upscaling of overland runoff and sediment transport are important issues in hillslope hydrology to identify water flux and sediment transport within landscape. These processes are highly variable in time and space with regard to their interactions with vegetation and soil surface conditions. The generation of overland runoff and its spatial connectivity were examined along a slope to determine the variations in the transport mechanism of runoff and soil particles by rain splash and overland runoff. Field experiments were conducted by erosion plots on a steep hillslope at lengths of 5, 10, and 15 m. The overland runoff connectivity and flow transport distance decreased with the slope length, while spatial variability of infiltration increased significantly with the slope length. Observation of subsurface flow revealed that surface soil and litter layer could have important role in water transport. However, the surface soil water content and water flux transport along the slope was highly variable for different storm events; the variability was related to the complexity of the system, mainly by way of the initial wetness conditions and infiltration characteristics. Only net rain‐splashed soil was measurable, but examination of the water flux, overland runoff and sediment transport connectivity, characteristics of sheetwash, and the variability in spatial infiltration indicated an increase in the contribution of the rain splash transport mechanism along the slope. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sea‐surface hydrographical conditions off South Faeroes and within the North‐Eastern North Atlantic through MIS 2: the response of dinocysts
Authors: CAULLE CLÉMENCE , PENAUD AURÉLIE , EYNAUD FRÉDÉRIQUE , ZARAGOSI SÉBASTIEN , ROCHE DIDIER M. , MICHEL ELIZABETH , BOULAY SÉBASTIEN , RICHTER THOMAS
Published: March 2013

The last glacial period, showing the progressive development of large boreal ice sheets, was punctuated by large climatic excursions. These excursions were triggered mainly by atmosphere–ocean–ice coupled dynamics and are thus exemplary case studies of natural climate variability. To characterize the sea‐surface palaeohydrographical changes accompanying these oscillations along the European margin, we have integrated new palynological data (dinocysts) acquired on core MD99‐2281 (60°N, Faeroe Margin) during Marine Isotope Stage 2 in a latitudinal transect including published cores MD95‐2002 (47°N, Celtic Margin) and MD95‐2010 (66°N, Vöring Plateau). This transect is superimposed on the modern North Atlantic Drift pathway, but also at the outskirts of glacial European ice sheets, thus ideally located to track sea‐ice extent and ice‐sheet instabilities through time. The results show a coherent and sensitive response of sea‐surface environments to the complex chain of abrupt events that punctuated the end of the last glacial period. The Last Glacial Maximum was marked by large seasonal contrasts of temperatures, whereas Heinrich events (HE) were characterized by a sharp cooling and sea‐ice development. A tripartite structure is identified within HE1, with indices of melting at 19k cal a BP, followed by a temperate phase synchronous of a relative stability of ice sheets, and a terminal phase (17.5–15k cal a BP) characteristic of the ‘conventional Laurentian’ HE1. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Positive and negative impacts of specialty malts on beer foam: a comparison of various cereal products for their foaming properties
Authors: Combe Alexander L , Ang Justin K , Bamforth Charles W
Published: March 2013

Background

The foam stability of beer is dependent on the presence of foam‐stabilizing polypeptides derived from the cereals from which it is made. It has long been argued that there is a tendency to boost the foam‐stabilizing capabilities of these polypeptides at the heating stages involved in the production of the grist materials. The present study started with the intent to confirm whether these changes occurred and to assess the extent to which different cereal products differed in their foam‐stabilizing tendencies.

Results

Cereal products differ enormously in their foam‐stabilizing capabilities. Heavily roasted grains, notably black malt and roast barley, do have superior foaming properties. However, certain specialty malts, notably crystal malts, display inferior foam performance. The observed foaming pattern is a balance between their content of foam‐positive and foam‐negative components. Products such as pale malt do contain foam‐negative materials but have a net balance in favour of foam‐stabilizing entities. By contrast, wheat malt and especially black malt have a heavy preponderance of foam‐positive components. Crystal malt displays the converse behaviour: it contains low‐molecular‐weight foam‐negative species. Several of the cereal products appear to contain higher‐molecular‐weight foam inhibitors, but it appears that they are merely species that are of inherently inferior foam‐stabilizing capability to the foaming polypeptides from egg white that were employed to probe the system. The foam‐damaging species derived from crystal malt carried through to beers brewed from them.

Conclusion

Intense heating in the production of cereal products does lead to enhanced foam performance in extracts of those products. However, not all speciality malts display superior foam performance, through their development of foam‐negative species of lower molecular weight. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
An assessment of feeding jejunostomy tube placement at the time of resection for gastric adenocarcinoma
Authors: Patel Sameer H. , Kooby David A. , Staley Charles A. , Maithel Shishir K.
Published: March 2013

Background

Feeding jejunostomy tubes (J‐tube) are often placed during gastrectomy for cancer to decrease malnutrition and promote delivery of adjuvant therapy. We hypothesized that J‐tubes actually are associated with increased complications and do not improve nutritional status nor increase rates of adjuvant therapy.

Methods

One hundred thirty‐two patients were identified from a prospectively maintained database that underwent gastric resection for gastric adenocarcinoma between 1/00 and 3/11 at one institution. Pre‐ and postoperative nutritional status and relevant intraoperative and postoperative parameters were examined.

Results

Median age was 64 years (range 23–85). Forty‐six (35%) underwent a total and 86 (65%) a subtotal gastrectomy. J‐tubes were placed in 66 (50%) patients, 34 of whom underwent a subtotal and 32 a total gastrectomy. Preoperative nutritional status was similar between J‐tube and no J‐tube groups as measured by serum albumin (3.5 vs. 3.4 g/dL). Tumor grade, T, N, and overall stage were similar between groups. J‐tube placement was associated with increased postop complications (59% vs. 41%, P = 0.04) and infectious complications (36% vs. 17%, P = 0.01), of which majority were surgical site infections. J‐tubes were associated with prolonged length of stay (13 vs. 11 days; P = 0.05). There was no difference in postoperative nutritional status as measured by 30, 60, and 90‐day albumin levels and the rate of receiving adjuvant therapy was similar between groups (J‐tube: 61%, no J‐tube: 53%, P = 0.38). Multivariate analyses revealed J‐tubes to be associated with increased postop complications (HR: 4.8; 95% CI: 1.3–17.7; P = 0.02), even when accounting for tumor stage and operative difficulty and extent. Subset analysis revealed J‐tubes to have less associated morbidity after total gastrectomy.

Conclusion

J‐tube placement after gastrectomy for gastric cancer may be associated with increased postoperative complications with no demonstrable advantage in receiving adjuvant therapy. Routine use of J‐tubes after subtotal gastrectomy may not be justified, but may be selectively indicated in patients undergoing total gastrectomy. A prospective trial is needed to validate these results. J. Surg. Oncol. 2013;107:728–734. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Effect of Trazodone on Standardized Field Sobriety Tests
Authors: Ip Eric J. , Bui Quang V. , Barnett Mitchell J. , Kazani Amin , Wright Roger , Serino Melissa J. , Perry Paul J.
Published: March 2013

Study Objective

To evaluate the effects of a single dose of trazodone on the standardized field sobriety test (SFST).

Design

A randomized, double‐blinded, repeated‐measures study.

Participants

Forty‐five healthy adult subjects.

Setting

University campus.

Measurements and Main Results

The SFST consists of the horizontal gaze nystagmus, walk‐and‐turn, and one‐leg stand tests. Subjects were administered a baseline SFST and at 2 hours after the administration of either trazodone 100 mg (30 subjects) or acetaminophen 650 mg (15 subjects). At 2 hours post drug administration, there were no statistical differences in failure rates between the trazodone and acetaminophen groups (53.3% vs 20.0%, p=0.054). However, the trazodone group exhibited more impairment clues within the individual tests of the SFST than the acetaminophen group.

Conclusions

A one‐time dose of trazodone 100 mg does not result in an increased SFST failure rate at 2 hours postdosing compared to acetaminophen 650 mg. However, the number of individual impairment clues detected is increased with trazodone. Trazodone 100 mg may cause cognitive driving impairment.
Asthma Drugs and the Risk of Congenital Anomalies
Authors: Vasilakis‐Scaramozza Catherine , Aschengrau Ann , Cabral Howard J. , Jick Susan S.
Published: March 2013

Study Objective

To estimate the prevalence of congenital anomalies between the offspring of women exposed and unexposed to asthma drugs during early pregnancy.

Design

Matched cohort study.

Database

The United Kingdom's General Practice Research Database.

Patients

Women exposed to asthma drugs during early pregnancy and a sample of matched unexposed pregnant women.

Measurements and Main Results

The prevalence of any anomaly among unexposed and exposed women was 27.8 (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.4–30.6)/1000 pregnancies and 31.3 (95% CI 27.7–35.5)/1000 pregnancies, respectively (relative risk [RR] 1.1 95% CI 1.0–1.3).

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that asthma drugs, overall, do not increase the risk of congenital anomalies in the offspring when taken during the first trimester of pregnancy.
Die Stärke der Stärke
Authors: Vilgis Thomas
Published: March 2013

In den meisten Fällen werden Emulgatoren genutzt, um Wasser‐Öl‐Gemische zu stabilen Emulsionen herzustellen. Allerdings können dazu auch kleine Feststoffpartikel dienen. Derartige Emulsionen werden nach ihrem Entdecker Spencer Pickering benannt. In der Küche lässt sich dieser Effekt nutzen. Stärkekörner stabilisieren Öl‐in‐Wasser‐Emulsionen. Mehr noch, nach dem Erwärmen verkleistert die Stärke, die Emulsion wird schnittfest.
Beschleunigungen messen mit SPARKvue
Authors: Kuhn Jochen , Vogt Patrik , Wilhelm Thomas , Lück Stephan
Published: March 2013

Die App SPARKvue arbeitet mit dem in iPhone, iPod touch oder iPad befindlichen Beschleunigungssensor. Zudem können auch weitere externe Sensoren ausgelesen werden, welche die Firma Pasco vertreibt und die über Bluetooth ihre Sensordaten an das Mobilgerät senden.