bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Joint effect of temperature and insect chitosan on the heat resistance of Bacillus cereus spores in rice derivatives
Authors: Valdez María Inés , Úbeda-Manzanaro María , Narvaes Cristian , Rodrigo Dolores , Martínez Antonio
Published: September 2022

The heat resistance of Bacillus cereus spores inoculated in a rice substrate supplemented with insect chitosan as an alternative antimicrobial was studied. Two concentrations of insect chitosan were considered in order to assess the role of the insect chitosan concentration during the heat process. Results of the study indicated that the DT values were higher in the substrate without chitosan than in the substrate containing chitosan thus indicating a greater heat resistance to heat treatment of the microorganism inoculated in the substrate without chitosan. This behaviour was also evidenced in the survival curves. There were no great differences between either of the insect chitosan concentrations tested regarding the DT values. The z values were 9.8°C on rice substrate and8.9°C on rice substrate supplemented with insect chitosan at 150 μg/mL and 10.7°C on rice substrate supplemented with 250 μg/mL of insect chitosan. The chitosan concentration appears to affect the z value of the microorganism. Our results indicate that the combination of heat with insect chitosan as an antimicrobial on foodstuffs subjected to cooking is feasible and can improve the safety of rice derivatives.
Huddling with families after disaster: Human resilience and social disparity
Authors: Wang Weiguang , Foutz Natasha Z. , Gao Guodong (Gordon)
Published: September 2022

Disasters, from hurricanes to pandemics, tremendously impact human lives and behaviors. Physical closeness to family post-disaster plays a critical role in mental healing and societal sustainability. Nonetheless, little is known about whether and how family colocation alters after a disaster, a topic of immense importance to a post-disaster society. We analyze 1 billion records of population-scale, granular, individual-level mobile location data to quantify family colocation, and examine the magnitude, dynamics, and socioeconomic heterogeneity of the shift in family colocation from the pre- to post-disaster period. Leveraging Hurricane Florence as a natural experiment, and Geographic Information System (GIS), machine learning, and statistical methods to investigate the shift across the landfall (treated) city of Wilmington, three partially treated cites on the hurricane’s path, and two control cities off the path, we uncover dramatic (18.9%), widespread (even among the partially treated cities), and enduring (over at least 3 months) escalations in family colocation. These findings reveal the powerful psychological and behavioral impacts of the disaster upon the broader populations, and simultaneously remarkable human resilience via behavioral adaptations during disastrous times. Importantly, the disaster created a gap across socioeconomic groups non-existent beforehand, with the disadvantaged displaying weaker lifts in family colocation. This sheds important lights on policy making and policy communication to promote sustainable family colocation, healthy coping strategies against traumatic experiences, social parity, and societal recovery.
Gene expression profiling identifies candidate biomarkers for new latent tuberculosis infections. A cohort study
Authors: Herrera Mariana , Keynan Yoav , McLaren Paul J. , Isaza Juan Pablo , Abrenica Bernard , López Lucelly , Marin Diana , Rueda Zulma Vanessa
Published: September 2022

Objective

To determine the gene expression profile in individuals with new latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), and to compare them with people with active tuberculosis (TB) and those exposed to TB but not infected.

Design

A prospective cohort study. Recruitment and follow-up were conducted between September 2016 to December 2018. Gene expression and data processing and analysis from April 2019 to April 2021.

Setting

Two male Colombian prisons.

Participants

15 new tuberculin skin test (TST) converters (negative TST at baseline that became positive during follow-up), 11 people that continued with a negative TST after two years of follow-up, and 10 people with pulmonary ATB.

Main outcome measures

Gene expression profile using RNA sequencing from PBMC samples. The differential expression was assessed using the DESeq2 package in Bioconductor. Genes with |logFC| >1.0 and an adjusted p-value < 0.1 were differentially expressed. We analyzed the differences in the enrichment of KEGG pathways in each group using InterMiner.

Results

The gene expression was affected by the time of incarceration. We identified group-specific differentially expressed genes between the groups: 289 genes in people with a new LTBI and short incarceration (less than three months of incarceration), 117 in those with LTBI and long incarceration (one or more years of incarceration), 26 in ATB, and 276 in the exposed but non-infected individuals. Four pathways encompassed the largest number of down and up-regulated genes among individuals with LTBI and short incarceration: cytokine signaling, signal transduction, neutrophil degranulation, and innate immune system. In individuals with LTBI and long incarceration, the only enriched pathway within up-regulated genes was Emi1 phosphorylation.

Conclusions

Recent infection with MTB is associated with an identifiable RNA pattern related to innate immune system pathways that can be used to prioritize LTBI treatment for those at greatest risk for developing active TB.
Differential personality change earlier and later in the coronavirus pandemic in a longitudinal sample of adults in the United States
Authors: Sutin Angelina R. , Stephan Yannick , Luchetti Martina , Aschwanden Damaris , Lee Ji Hyun , Sesker Amanda A. , Terracciano Antonio
Published: September 2022

Five-factor model personality traits (neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness) are thought to be relatively impervious to environmental demands in adulthood. The coronavirus pandemic is an unprecedented opportunity to examine whether personality changed during a stressful global event. Surprisingly, two previous studies found that neuroticism decreased early in the pandemic, whereas there was less evidence for change in the other four traits during this period. The present research used longitudinal assessments of personality from the Understanding America Study (N = 7,109; 18,623 assessments) to examine personality changes relatively earlier (2020) and later (2021–2022) in the pandemic compared to pre-pandemic levels. Replicating the two previous studies, neuroticism declined very slightly in 2020 compared to pre-pandemic levels; there were no changes in the other four traits. When personality was measured in 2021–2022, however, there was no significant change in neuroticism compared to pre-pandemic levels, but there were significant small declines in extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness. The changes were about one-tenth of a standard deviation, which is equivalent to about one decade of normative personality change. These changes were moderated by age and Hispanic/Latino ethnicity, but not race or education. Strikingly, younger adults showed disrupted maturity in that they increased in neuroticism and declined in agreeableness and conscientiousness. Current evidence suggests the slight decrease in neuroticism early in the pandemic was short-lived and detrimental changes in the other traits emerged over time. If these changes are enduring, this evidence suggests population-wide stressful events can slightly bend the trajectory of personality, especially in younger adults.
Hybrid encryption technique: Integrating the neural network with distortion techniques
Authors: Abu Zitar Raed , Al-Muhammed Muhammed J.
Published: September 2022

This paper proposes a hybrid technique for data security. The computational model of the technique is grounded on both the non-linearity of neural network manipulations and the effective distortion operations. To accomplish this, a two-layer feedforward neural network is trained for each plaintext block. The first layer encodes the symbols of the input block, making the resulting ciphertext highly uncorrelated with the input block. The second layer reverses the impact of the first layer by generating weights that are used to restore the original plaintext block from the ciphered one. The distortion stage imposes further confusion on the ciphertext by applying a set of distortion and substitution operations whose functionality is fully controlled by random numbers generated by a key-based random number generator. This hybridization between these two stages (neural network stage and distortion stage) yields a very elusive technique that produces ciphertext with the maximum confusion. Furthermore, the proposed technique goes a step further by embedding a recurrent neural network that works in parallel with the first layer of the neural network to generate a digital signature for each input block. This signature is used to maintain the integrity of the block. The proposed method, therefore, not only ensures the confidentiality of the information but also equally maintains its integrity. The effectiveness of the proposed technique is proven through a set of rigorous randomness testing.
Optimized protocol for translatome analysis of mouse brain endothelial cells
Authors: Kim Namsuk , Jun Mi-Hee , Jeong Jin-Young , Oh Won-Jong
Published: September 2022

Brain endothelial cells (BECs) are important conduits that deliver oxygen and nutrients, protect parenchyma cells from toxins, and drain wastes to maintain brain homeostasis. Impairment of BECs has been implicated in diverse neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. Therefore, molecular analysis of BECs is important for understanding the molecular pathogenesis of these neurological diseases. Even though many transcriptome analyses for BECs have been developed, mRNA levels do not necessarily correlate with the levels of actively translated proteins. Translatome analysis using RiboTag mice, in which Rpl22, a ribosomal component, is tagged by the hemagglutinin epitope under Cre recombinase activation, could serve as an excellent tool that overcomes these caveats. However, implementation of this technique is limited by high noise-to-signal ratios as well as the low yield of mRNAs from BECs, which limits bulk gene expression analysis. In this study, we established a protocol to isolate highly pure mRNAs from BECs in the cortex of eight- to twelve-week-old male Tie2-Cre; Rpl22HA/HA mice by using a cell strainer to trap blood vessels prior to immunoprecipitation. According to the results of RT–PCR, the specificity of the mRNA pools isolated by our protocol was much higher than that of the pools isolated by the standard protocol. We were also able to generate a high-quality cDNA library for RNA-seq with the small amount of mRNA isolated with our protocol. Thus, this optimized method will be useful for future studies of BECs at the molecular level.
Scientific X-ray: Scanning and quantifying the idea evolution of scientific publications
Authors: Li Qi , Wang Xinbing , Fu Luoyi , Wang Jianghao , Yao Ling , Gan Xiaoying , Zhou Chenghu
Published: September 2022

The rapid development of modern science nowadays makes it rather challenging to pick out valuable ideas from massive scientific literature. Existing widely-adopted citation-based metrics are not adequate for measuring how well the idea presented by a single publication is developed and whether it is worth following. Here, inspired by traditional X-ray imaging, which returns internal structure imaging of real objects along with corresponding structure analysis, we propose Scientific X-ray, a framework that quantifies the development degree and development potential for any scientific idea through an assembly of ‘X-ray’ scanning, visualization and parsing operated on the citation network associated with a target publication. We pick all 71,431 scientific articles of citation counts over 1,000 as high-impact target publications among totally 204,664,199 publications that cover 16 disciplines spanning from 1800 to 2021. Our proposed Scientific X-ray reproduces how an idea evolves from the very original target publication all the way to the up to date status via an extracted ‘idea tree’ that attempts to preserve the most representative idea flow structure underneath each citation network. Interestingly, we observe that while the citation counts of publications may increase unlimitedly, the maximum valid idea inheritance of those target publications, i.e., the valid depth of the idea tree, cannot exceed a limit of six hops, and the idea evolution structure of any arbitrary publication unexceptionally falls into six fixed patterns. Combined with a development potential index that we further design based on the extracted idea tree, Scientific X-ray can vividly tell how further a given idea presented by a given publication can still go from any well-established starting point. Scientific X-ray successfully identifies 40 out of 49 topics of Nobel prize as high-potential topics by their prize-winning papers in an average of nine years before the prizes are released. Various trials on articles of diverse topics also confirm the power of Scientific X-ray in digging out influential/promising ideas. Scientific X-ray is user-friendly to researchers with any level of expertise, thus providing important basis for grasping research trends, helping scientific policy-making and even promoting social development.
Becoming Dialogical: Psychotherapy or a Way of Life?
Authors: Seikkula Jaakko
Published: September 2022

After birth the first thing we learn is becoming a participant in dialogue. We are born in relations and those relations become our structure. Intersubjectivity is the basis of human experience and dialogue the way we live it. In this paper the dilemma of looking at dialogue as either a way of life or a therapeutic method is described. The background is the open dialogue psychiatric system that was initiated in Finnish Western Lapland. The author was part of the team re‐organizing psychiatry and afterwards became involved in many different types of projects in dialogical practices. Lately the focus has shifted from looking at speech to seeing the entire embodied human being in the present moment, especially in multifarious settings. Referring to studies on good outcomes in acute psychosis, the contribution of dialogical practice as a psychological resource will be clarified.
Three Wise Young Men, a Cyber Community and Music — Counselling As Social Action: Storying a Community of Care in the Aftermath of Violence
Authors: Kotzé Elmarie , van Duuren Linda , Small Judy
Published: September 2022

This article describes counselling practice as social action, reporting on a case of children witnessing community violence and its aftermath. Highlighted is the role of friends who made a stand of solidarity against such violence. Outsider witness practices helped recruit and grow a community of care for the client and his friends. This community of care was significantly enhanced by the involvement of a lawyer/musician/activist who composed a song with the three friends to take a stance against guns and violence in their society. Caring solidarity, generosity and doing hope together formed small but significant alliances against entrenched practices of violence.
Why the ‘Ideal Victim’ Persists: Queering representations of victimhood in human trafficking discourse
Authors: Forringer-Beal Anna
Published: September 2022

The image of a young, victimised woman bound and gagged for implied sexual exploitation persists in the imagination, promotional material, and reports of the anti-trafficking sector. She is presented as the ‘ideal’ victim, and while people who have experienced this undoubtedly exist, many victim accounts deviate from this prescriptive path. Why then does the image of a universal, ideal victim endure? This paper argues that the idealised subject of contemporary trafficking law is not merely a symptom of uncritical representation, but intrinsic to the formation of anti-trafficking law. Often feminised, she becomes a tool for maintaining heteronormative and white nationalism, but one which never existed beyond her confines of anti-trafficking law. To unearth her production, I present a queer genealogy of the human trafficking subject from British campaigns against white slavery in the late nineteenth century to contemporary law. A queer reading of this history demonstrates that rather than preceding laws, the ideal victim serves to personify cultural anxiety over race and gender housed in anti-trafficking policy. This is essential because without contending with this history and restrictive definition of victimhood, it would be impossible for current trafficking law in developed countries to adequately protect LGBTQ+ and irregular migrants who often do not conform to idealised forms of victimhood. Furthermore, a critical analysis of the ideal victim is essential to moving away from a hierarchical evaluation of victimhood altogether.
Antibacterial effects of oak bark (Quercus robur) and heather herb (Calluna vulgaris L.) extracts against the causative bacteria of bovine mastitis
Authors: Šukele Renāte , Skadiņš Ingus , Koka Rudīte , Bandere Dace
Published: September 2022

Background and Aim: Bovine mastitis has a negative impact on animals, and improper antibiotic use has caused an increase in bacterial resistance. Therefore, medicinal plants could serve as an alternative treatment for this condition. Polyphenols have potential as antibiotic agents. Oak bark has long been used as a medicine and has shown antibacterial effects. Moreover, research on heather plant demonstrated that it has antibacterial properties. This study aimed to assess the antibacterial effects of oak (Quercus robur) bark and heather (Calluna vulgaris L.) herb extracts against common bovine mastitis pathogens. Materials and Methods: Dried oak bark and heather herb were used to prepare extracts using 30%, 50%, and 70% ethanol and acetone as solvents. Their polyphenol content was determined using the Folin–Ciocalteu method. Bovine mastitis-inducing clinical isolates of Escherichia coli, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus uberis, Serratia liquefaciens, Staphylococcus aureus, and reference cultures of S. aureus and E. coli were used for antibacterial tests. All extracts were screened through a disk diffusion test to ascertain their antibacterial effects, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined for the most effective extracts. Results: Oak bark extracts had variable antibacterial effects against S. aureus and Streptococcus strains, but no statistically significant difference was observed in activity against E. coli. The disk diffusion test showed that the oak bark extracts obtained using acetone and ethanol at 30% yielded the best results. However, the 70% acetone oak extract alone affected all types of bacteria. Further antibacterial tests of 70% acetone and 30% ethanol oak extracts revealed that the lowest MIC and MBC scores were against S. aureus strains and E. coli reference cultures. Conversely, the heather herb extracts exhibited broader activity against all types of bacteria, although better results were observed against Gram-positive bacteria. There was also a negative correlation between solvent concentration and antibacterial effect (p < 0.05, r = –0.507). The highest inhibition zone scores and broadest spectrum were observed in samples prepared in 30% ethanol. There was no statistically significant correlation between the phenolic content of plants and their antibacterial effects. Conclusion: Oak bark and heather extracts could be used as potential antibacterial agents against bovine mastitis pathogens.
Utilizing Yellow Fluorescent Protein Tagging to Determine Location of Histone H3.1 Protein in
Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Rao Kiran , Keller David , Blee Kristopher
Published: September 2022

The objective of this study was to identify the final destination of the Histone H3.1 protein in the root tip of
Arabidopsis thaliana plants. Histones are present in heterochromatin in the form of nucleosomes. Consequently, identifying H3 protein location provides insight into its cellular interactions and functions in the root tip of
A. thaliana. H3.1 protein subcellular localization will be accomplished via yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) tagging technique. I hypothesize that the insertion of YFP between the core and tail of the histone gene will result in a fluorescent H3.1 protein located in the nucleus of a transgenic plant. Tri-Template PCR was used to incorporate YFP into the At1g09200 gene (an H3.1 gene). The plant embryo was inoculated with Agrobacterium containing the linearized H3.1-YFP transgene. The transgene would translate into a protein with a fluorescent tag. Areas of fluorescence during plant growth could be recorded to identify the location of the protein within the root of the transgenic plant. Observations of plant growth could not be recorded due to circumstances. Therefore, genetic databases were referenced to formulate predictions of where the H3.1 protein will fluoresce in the plant cell and plant root. We predict fluorescence in the root apical meristem of the plant and at the periphery of the nucleus, indicating the presence of H3.1 protein in heterochromatin in the form of nucleosomes. Localization of the H3.1 protein using YFP tagging will facilitate our exploration of histone protein functions such as DNA packaging and transcriptional regulation.
The moderating effect of HIV-stigma on the relationship between sources of perceived social support and self-efficacy among adult patients living with HIV, in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Authors: Luthuli Muziwandile Qiniso , John-Langba Johannes
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND:For people living with HIV (PLWH), treatment adherence self-efficacy is considered as a critical predictor of psychosocial well-being and adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART). Through previous studies social support and HIV-stigma have been noted to be independently linked with adherence to ART among adult PLWH. However, the process through which the HIV-stigma moderate the relationship between sources of perceived social support and HIV adherence self-efficacy is not fully known. Therefore, the study investigated whether the relationship between sources of perceived social support and HIV adherence self-efficacy is moderated by HIV-stigma.
METHODS:The study was conducted between October andNovember 2020at King Edward VIII hospital based in Umbilo Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Using a cross-sectional survey design a total of 201 adult patients 71% (n=142) female and 29% (n=59) male, aged 18-75 years receiving ART completed a self-administered questionnaire measuring self-efficacy (Adherence Self-Efficacy Scale [ASES]), social support (Multidimensional Perceived Social Support [MPSS]), and HIV-stigma (Short Version of HIV Stigma Scale [HSS]). The data were analysed using hierarchical multiple regression analyses through SPSS version 27.
RESULTS:The results showed that treatment adherence self-efficacy was significantly and positively predicted by social support from family (r= .47, p <0001) friends (r= .37, p <0001), and significant other (r= .35 , p <0001) Furthermore, the results of hierarchical moderated regression analyses indicated that HIV-stigma moderated the direct relationship of social support and self-efficacy from both sources of support namely family (B= -0.027, t= -2.58, p <.011) and friend (B= -0.029, t= -2.65, p <009). The analyses also revealed that the relationship between social support from significant other and self-efficacy was not moderated by HIV-stigma (B= -0.004, t= -0.351, p >.726).
CONCLUSIONS:The findings suggested that the sources of social support remain an invaluable resource to bolster treatment adherence self-efficacy among PLWH, however the future interventions should also consider targeting HIV-stigma to improve adherence to ART among this population.
Technology Fields in Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Jerbi Khaled
Published: September 2022

"Artificial Intelligence"

AI

"Pattern Recognition"

"Sentiment Analysis"

"Computer Vision"

"Cyber Security"

Robotics

"speech recognition"
A unidade informacional de Introdutor Locutivo no português do Brasil
Authors: Maia Rocha Bruna , Raso Tommaso
Published: September 2022

Neste artigo é apresentada a análise da unidade informacional usada na fala para sinalizar que o espaço locutivo subseqüente apresenta um ponto de vista unitário que difere daquele do restante do texto. A unidade é denominada Introdutor Locutivo (INT) na a Teoria da Língua em Ato (TLA), base teórica do estudo. A TLA parte da teoria dos Atos de Fala e analisa a estrutura informacional de um enunciado levando em consideração a interface prosódica entre locução e ilocução. Para este estudo foi analisado um subcorpus composto de 10 textos de cerca de 1500 palavras cada, extraídos do corpus C-ORAL-BRASIL, portador da maior variação diafásica possível, com o objetivo de obter, assim, uma gama variada de ilocuções e estruturações informacionais. São descritas as características funcionais, distribucionais, prosódicas, morfossintáticas e lexicais do INT em PB. Os resultados, contribuem para o estudo da estrutura informacional em PB e permitem a comparação interlingüística com línguas às quais já foi aplicada a mesma base teórica.
Molecular Interplay between Vitamin D and Immunity can Aid Antitubercular Treatment Vitamin D in Immunomodulation of TB
Authors: Das Priya , Banerjee Asesh , Karak Dr Prithviraj
Published: September 2022

Tuberculosis (TB) causes maximum mortality and morbidity worldwide. 25 per cent of the global population harbour Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and therefore are at risk of developing active disease. Of late, the disseminated diseases of TB are on the increase. Nearly one-third of all TB infections can be classified as extrapulmonary-TB (EPTB). TB can spread to the bone, brain, intestine, peritoneum, genitourinary system, and female genital sites leading to problems of conception. Therefore undoubtedly, TB has turned out to be a tremendous public health problem globally. The emergence of drug-resistant bacteria calls for new anti-tuberculous drugs to enhance response to antimicrobial therapy for active TB. However, discoveries of very effective anti-TB new medicines have not materialised yet. Thus, nutritional anti-TB intervention is highly important. In the pre-antibiotic era, Vitamin D was used for the treatment of TB. Its active component 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 was shown to display anti-TB activity in vitro. Vitamin D deficient humans display greater susceptibility to TB. Vitamin D deficiency induces worse disease progression in TB cases as observed in many clinical trials. The efficacy of the addition of vitamin D supplements in TB treatment has also been estimated. Thus, by now, the role of vitamin D in TB prevention and treatment is well established. Knowledge of the molecular mechanism of vitamin D is crucially vital for new anti-TB drug design. This review article discusses the recent advancement regarding the molecular mechanism of vitamin D-related anti-TB action. Further elucidation of this area may help novel anti-TB drug development.
Analysis of Physicochemical Properties, Available Nutrients of Soil and their Correlation with Incidence of Telya Disease of Pomegranate at Northern Nasik, Maharashtra
Authors: Jain Khushboo , Marwal Avinash , Sharma Kanika , Desai Neetin
Published: September 2022

Maharashtra government reported 10,000 crore production loss of Pomegranate every year, due to the incidence of Telya disease. The present study was aimed to analyse the physical, chemical properties, and available micro-macronutrients in the soil of pomegranate orchards infected with Telya disease. Estimation of incidence and severity of disease was done on fifty selected orchards from different villages that were MangiTungi, Daswel, Dasane, Mulher, and Sompur. Results revealed that minimum incidence (58.66%) and severity (59.89%) were recorded in Sompur village whereas maximum incidence (74.40%) and severity (68.70%) were recorded in Daswel and MangiTungi village respectively. The pH (7.5-7.9) and free lime concentration 7.4-9.4%) were exceptionally very high for all test and control samples. Deficiency of essential macronutrients N (<150-250 Kg/ha) and K (<125-200 Kg/ha) was recorded in all test samples along with additional deficiency of Zn micronutrient (<1.0-2.0 ppm). In the case of mock orchards, all the parameters were in accordance with reference values.Statistical analysis of data declared that there was a significant difference among parameters of tested groups (P>0.05) while for control fields there were no significant differences (P<0.05). Further, a positive correlation between macro-micronutrients (Na, Ca, N, P, K, Mn) and incidence of disease was recorded which concludes that an imbalance in nutrients promotes growth of pathogens and increases susceptibility of plants to pathogenic attack. Further, balancing nutrients through fertilisers or foliar spray could be an effective strategy for an integrated pest management system.
Surgical Bone Adhesives with Potential Maxillofacial Applications A Systematic Review
Authors: Bhandari Amit , Jain Vanshika , Muktawat Kirtika , Bhandari Rashi , Gupta Ranjan
Published: September 2022

The reduction and stabilisation of fractured bone fragments have always been a challenging task for thesurgeon. A micro-platesystem for maxillofacial fracture treatment provides excellent results. However, plates and screws are difficult toadapt to the thin bone, and small fragments often lead to the weakening of bone causing secondary fractures. Surgical bone adhesives promise as a viable alternative for issues with micro-plates, but a lotremains desired for successful usefor clinical application. The present systematic review aims to identify the bone adhesive materials available at various stages in animal or human models in the last decade and enumerate their characteristics for potential use in non-load bearing maxillofacial fractures. PubMed electronic database searched using a combination of keywords to identify English language articles between January 2011 and December 2020 yielded a total of 1204 records, of which 15 were included for final review after applying PRISMA guidelines. Cyanoacrylate was the commonly used adhesive material followed by fibrin glue and calcium phosphate-based materials. Although encouraging, results with each material still lack human randomised control trials thus presenting inconclusive evidence. Studies on these lines are suggested along with the development of newer materials to overcome the shortcomings in the currently available systems.
Experiencias educativas para la formación del pensamiento crítico: un desafío para la educación pospandemia
Authors: Muñoz-Barriga Andrea , Fandiño-Parra Yamith José , López-Díaz Rodolfo Alberto
Published: September 2022

El presente artículo tiene como propósito divulgar los resultados preliminares de la primera fase descriptiva del proyecto de investigación titulado “El desarrollo del pensamiento crítico en la formación docente: experiencias educativas innovadoras de los docentes de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación”, en la Universidad de La Salle. Esta investigación busca, en términos generales, analizar la configuración de las experiencias educativas de los docentes para la formación del pensamiento crítico mediante una metodología de carácter exploratorio y descriptivo. Sobre esa base, en un primer momento pretende caracterizar las percepciones de los docentes y estudiantes de la Facultad respecto al pensamiento crítico y su formación. Posteriormente, se propone comprender cómo se configuran las experiencias educativas de los profesores en ese campo, para finalmente establecer implicaciones pedagógicas y didácticas como aporte a los contextos educativos universitarios. Entre los resultados más relevantes sobre las percepciones de los profesores se encuentra la influencia de la perspectiva cognitiva en la conceptualización del pensamiento crítico, derivada de la multiplicidad de propuestas teóricas que clasifican una serie de habilidades complejas y básicas involucradas en la formación de dicho proceso. En esta mirada, los profesores de la Facultad tienden a privilegiar el desarrollo de capacidades complejas como a) el análisis contextual, b) la toma de decisiones/toma de posturas, c) la resolución de problemas y d) la argumentación, las cuales suponen el ejercicio de otro tipo de habilidades como la inducción, deducción, analogía, abducción, inferencia, interpretación y evaluación.
Hacia prácticas pedagógicas facilitadoras de aprendizajes significativos en estudiantes con discapacidad cognitiva leve
Authors: Moreno-Bogotá Juan Pablo , Moreno-Bogotá Nelson Enrique
Published: September 2022

Se realizó un estudio mixto que aporta conocimiento necesario y pertinente acerca de prácticas pedagógicas inclusivas y el aprendizaje significativo en estudiantes con diagnóstico médico de Discapacidad Cognitiva Leve (DCL). Se partió del supuesto de que los estudiantes con DCL tienen la misma capacidad de adquirir aprendizajes significativos que cualquier otro estudiante, debido, entre otras razones, a la plasticidad del cerebro que permite cambios en la estructura cognitiva si se da el escenario adecuado para que esto suceda. Se comprobó que las prácticas pedagógicas que están desarrollando los docentes no están conduciendo a que los estudiantes con DCL adquieran aprendizajes significativos debido a factores tanto internos como externos, así como a características cognitivas de algunos estudiantes, situación que cobró mayor visibilidad en la virtualización a la que obligó la pandemia del coronavirus, y cuyas consecuencias se están empezando a notar en el retorno a la presencialidad en las instituciones educativas.
Generar metacognición desarrollando problemas matemáticos en aulas virtuales gamificadas
Authors: García-Cruz Johanna , Valbuena-Duarta Sonia
Published: September 2022

El objetivo principal que enruta la investigación es la motivación de experiencias significativas desde entornos virtuales gamificados para generar procesos metacognitivos desde la enseñanza de la matemática a estudiantes en condición de discapacidad. La investigación de corte cualitativo se realiza bajo el diseño investigación-acción participativa, la cual estimuló una práctica recursiva que benefició a profesores y estudiantes en condición de discapacidad participantes del estudio de una institución educativa de carácter oficial en un municipio al oriente del departamento del Atlántico. La información se recaba con cuestionarios, pruebas de conocimiento, encuentros en jornada contraria a la escolar, observación participante y no participante. Los resultados evidencian prácticas tradicionales que tienden a coartar la libertad creativa del estudiante, incluyendo la falta de estrategias didácticas que permita un aprendizaje significativo e integral. Basados en los análisis de los hallazgos, se diseña una propuesta que en tiempos de aislamiento y trabajo virtual favorezca a los estudiantes y genere una verdadera interacción y construcción de su propio conocimiento basado en entornos virtuales gamificados, la cual se valida por pilotaje y tuvo un apoyo total por parte de los padres de familia y la institución. Se concluye la necesidad de fomentar la creación de propuestas educativas innovadoras que motiven la interacción y el aprendizaje significativo en el aula, generando aprendizajes contextualizados con la realidad y los intereses del estudiante. De esta manera, será posible la comprensión e interpretación de su propia realidad, y con ello transformar su conocimiento.
Editor's Letter
Authors: Skidmore Max J.
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Editor‐in‐Chief Max J. Skidmore discusses the articles, features, and reviews of Issue 2 of PPP's fourth volume, and repeats the invitation for interested readers to submit their qualifications as reviewers of books relevant to poverty issues. Additionally, he urges readers who will be attending the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association in New Orleans this year to attend panel on “Poverty and Public Policy,” sponsored by the journal and by APSA's Caucus on Poverty, Inequality, and Public Policy, which will take place on Thursday, 30 August, at 10:15 and also to renew their affiliations with the Caucus. He also urges attendance at the Policy Studies Organization's panel, “Promoting the General Welfare,” held on Friday, 31 August, at 8:00 a.m.
Review of Remedy and Reaction: The Peculiar American Struggle over Health Reform
Authors: Clendenin Barry
Published: September 2022

Health reform's history in the United States has taken unexpected turns over the past century, often reflecting political and philosophical divisions underlying US society. Paul Starr, a Pulitzer Prize author for his book The Social Transformation of American Medicine (1984), has written a thoroughly readable and carefully documented history of health reform from the perspective of a historian, sociologist and a participant in health reform's policy debates.
Learner-internal and learner-external factors for boredom amongst Chinese university EFL students
Authors: Li Chengchen , Han Ye
Published: September 2022

Despite the ubiquity of boredom and its aversive effects in educational contexts, it has received scant attention from second/foreign language (L2) researchers until very recently. This article reports on one of the first empirical attempts to explore boredom in L2 learning and its sources in Chinese tertiary-level EFL contexts through eliciting responses of 1,502 university students to open-ended questions and conducting 16 individual semi-structured interviews. The qualitative data analysis revealed that participants perceived wide-ranging learner-internal and learner-external factors as sources of their foreign language learning boredom: (1) task characteristics, (2) teaching and learning activities, (3) student factors, (4) course content, (5) classroom factors, (6) teacher factors, and (7) feeling unoccupied in the class. Moreover, open-ended responses showed greater prominence of the first three categories of factors than others, lending support to the central role of control-value appraisals in inducing boredom, and suggesting situation-sensitive nature of boredom. Additionally, the study revealed that multiple factors, both learner-internal and learner-external, can interact and jointly shape control-value appraisals, which suggests the congruence between the person-in-context perspective on SLA and the control-value theory, and the potential to integrate the two approaches to extend L2 emotion research.
Patchworking the Log-critical locus of planar curves
Authors: Lang Lionel , Renaudineau Arthur
Published: September 2022

We establish a patchworking theoremà laViro for the Log-critical locus of algebraic curves in(ℂ∗)2{(\mathbb{C}^{\ast})^{2}}. As an application, we prove the existence of projective curves of arbitrary degree with smooth connected Log-critical locus. To prove our patchworking theorem, we study the behaviour of Log-inflection points along families of curves defined by Viro polynomials. In particular, we prove a generalisation of a theorem of Mikhalkin and the second author on the tropical limit of Log-inflection points.
Transparent conductive far-infrared radiative film based on polyvinyl alcohol with carbon fiber apply in agriculture greenhouse
Authors: Wang Beiting , Thio Tzer Hwai Gilbert , Chong Hock Siong
Published: September 2022

In this study, a transparent conductive film is developed using polyvinyl alcohol as the substrate material and carbon fiber is deposited for electrical conductivity. The two materials are mixed into a solution and then cast to form a transparent conductive film suitable for usage in agricultural greenhouses. The designed film with a dimension of 200 mm × 200 mm has an average edge-to-edge resistance of 560.87 + 118.17 Ω, block resistance (BR) of 1.4 + 0.29 Ω/cm2, light transmittance of 70.07% over a wavelength of 400 to 780 nm, and a heating capability of 72 W/m2 via far-infrared light over a wavelength of 25–1,000 µm. Being highly transparent, the film can be integrated into the structure of agricultural greenhouses as it allows adequate sunlight penetration for the necessary photosynthesis of crops while providing heating capability during cold climates in seasonal regions such as northern China, thus replacing the need for conventional electrical heaters. A proof-of-concept is conducted at an agricultural greenhouse in Shandong, China, in rural settings where electricity may not be available. The films were powered with 200 custom-made aluminum-air (Al-air) batteries rated for 12 V, 20 mA. The electrolyte used for the batteries is potassium sulfate (K2SO4), which is a kind of agricultural chemical fertilizer that is easily available in agricultural greenhouse settings. For 7 weeks, the films were successfully powered by the batteries and operated to provide constant heating to maintain the nighttime temperature inside the greenhouse at above 10.06°C with outside temperatures dropping as low as 3.8°C.
The effect of microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) in dust storm on human health
Authors: Jasim Saade Abdalkareem , Mohammadi Mohammad Javad , Patra Indrajit , Jalil Abduladheem Turki , Taherian Masoume , Abdullaeva Ugiloy Yakubovna , Sharma Sandhir , Ekrami Hafez Ajam , Mousavion Kiana , Alborzi Marzie
Published: September 2022

Dust storms expose people suspended particles, microorganisms and potential allergens that have been absorbed by dust particles during airborne transport. The purpose of this study was investigation effect of microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) in dust storm on human health. Databases used to for searched were the PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Springer and Science Direct (Scopus). 58 papers based on abstract and article text filtered. In the end after sieve we selected 10 papers. Identify all relevant studies published 1978-2022. The literature showed that green spaces created by city officials in different areas include a set of trees and shrubs in accordance with the effect of microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) in dust storm on human health. Based on the result the many studies are conducted every year on the characteristics and different sources of dust, one of the most important of which is the ability of these storms to carry pathogenic microorganisms. the purpose of this study is the effect of bacteria and fungi in dust storms on human health. The findings of this study showed that the evaluation of various studies showed that with the occurrence of dust storms that originate from different sources, in addition to transporting suspended solids, pathogenic bacteria and fungi are also transmitted by dust storms from near and far places and cause various diseases of these include respiratory and pulmonary problems, upper respiratory tract infections, and cardiovascular disease.
Créativité musicale à l’ère numérique : une étude d’explorations sonores conduites par les élèves du primaire à l’aide d’une station audionumérique
Authors: Robichaud Xavier
Published: September 2022

Cette recherche sur la créativité musicale a pour objectif de dégager les éléments clés du processus créatif et la trajectoire de la créativité d’élèves du primaire. Elle propose un modèle explicatif du processus créatif musical alimenté par la technologie numérique. Il s’agit d’étudier le processus créatif d’élèves de 8 ans qui ont travaillé avec le logiciel GarageBand. L’analyse des données est faite à partir du discours de chaque élève enregistré avec des entretiens d’explicitation. Les résultats montrent qu’un élève engagé dans son acte créatif suit un parcours transformateur qui peut amener l’originalité et une nouvelle forme d’apprentissage en milieu scolaire.
TRAKYA YÖRESİ BALLARININ MİNERAL İÇERİĞİ VE BAZI TİPİK KALİTE PARAMETRELERİ AÇISINDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: APAYDIN Demet
Published: September 2022

Çalışmanın amacı, Trakya bölgesi çiçek ve salgı ballarının mineral içeriği ve bazı kalite parametrelerinin belirlenmesidir. Bu amaçla Trakya Bölgesi'nde yerel olarak üretilen 16 adet ayçiçeği, 2 adet karaçalı, 3 adet kanola, 3 adet meşe ve 1 adet ıhlamur balı olmak üzere toplam 25 adet bal örneğinde 8 farklı mineral (Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, Zn, P, Se) düzeyi ve bazı tipik kalite parametreleri (çözünür kuru madde, pH, elektriksel iletkenlik, serbest asitlik, HMF ve şeker içeriği) analiz edilmiştir. Bal örneklerinin mineral içerikleri İndüktif Eşleşmiş Plazma Optik Emisyon Spektrometresi (ICP-OES) ile analiz edilmiştir. Ballarda en çok bulunan mineraller sırasıyla potasyum, fosfor ve kalsiyum olup 18.91–1018.74, 244.40–429.98 ve 8.50–140.82 mg/kg arasında belirlenmiştir. Kalite parametreleri ortalama olarak pH 4.42 (3.86-6.54), çözünür kuru madde 81.4°Bx (79.3-83.0), serbest asitlik 15.66 mEq/kg (9.00-28.00), HMF 13.00 mg/kg (0.16-33.45), elektriksel iletkenlik 595 μS/cm (207-1376), glukoz %33.66 (25.51-38.58), fruktoz %38.17 (33.32-47.91), sakkaroz %0.17 (0.01-0.67) olarak tespit edilmiştir.
The Tower of Babel and Language Corruption
Authors: Minets Yuliya
Published: September 2022

This paper analyzes a set of ideas about language attested by late antique Christian writers—namely, their speculations on what kind of transformation languages undergo over time and their ethical, theological, and historical assessments of linguistic change and linguistic diversity. The incident that triggered the diversification of languages was normally associated with the biblical story about the Tower of Babel (Gen 11.1–9), the single dramatic event that once and for all changed the linguistic makeup of humanity and could be considered a disaster par excellence. And yet, the attitudes of late antique writers to the event and the subsequent linguistic diversification ranged from overtly negative (divine punishment and revenge) to reservedly positive (a minor inconvenience that prevented further wrongdoing) to a wholeheartedly optimistic reaction. Similarly, the gradual process of language change that always happens over time was often described in terms of “corruption” and “decline.” Observations of ancient writers that languages “get corrupted” due to multiple factors presuppose the slippery slope of a slow, empirically unimpressive, but steady and sure catastrophe. Its consequences are more threatening the less attention people pay to it. Comparing the two conceptual frames late antique writers employed to approach linguistic transformations—the sudden dramatic confusion of tongues at Babel and the everyday “slow catastrophe” of language corruption—this study challenges our own scholarly views on what constituted a disaster for intellectuals in Late Antiquity.
Apollinarios, the Chalcedonian Theodosian
Authors: Yirga Felege-Selam
Published: September 2022

This paper argues that the Chronicle of John, the bishop of Nikiu, in Egypt, a late seventh-century world chronicle, preserves two passages that suggest the Egyptian Chalcedonian patriarch Apollinarios (551–570 CE) was chosen by a coalition of Chalcedonians and anti-Chalcedonian Severan-Theodosians as a bulwark against the growing popularity of the aphthartist Gaianites during the reign of Justinian I. The accidental preservation of this memory in a rather unpopular text suggests that the lines separating the Severan-Theodosian (or proto-Coptic) miaphysite church from its doctrinal rivals were contingent and often remarkably blurry.