bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Створення стратегій тестування для оптимального поєднання ручного та автоматизованого тестування в стартап-проектах
Authors: Mokrytska O. V. , Trukhan D.
Published: November 2024

The paper considers the creation of a testing strategy for a startup project that combines manual and automated testing. Automation is implemented using the AirTest IDE and the Python programming language. Particular attention is paid to the choice of tools to ensure high test coverage of the main project functions. Manual testing is used for more complex scenarios, while automation covers routine tasks. The strategy is aimed at improving the quality of the product with minimal resource consumption.
Smart E-learning – from the concept to practice
Authors: Pavliuk U. V. , Yarkun V. I. , Storozhuk O. L.
Published: November 2024

This work revealed that implementing Smart E-learning as one of the components of Smart Campus increases the efficiency of the educational process and provides an interactive and personalized learning environment. It was established that the key technologies that support this concept are cloud computing, IoT, artificial intelligence, and augmented reality. It was found that using these technologies contributes to improving the collection, analysis and use of data for making management decisions in the educational process. The impact of integrating modern technologies on the interaction between students and teachers was assessed, which allows optimization of the management of educational resources and increases students' motivation for learning. It was confirmed that the implementation of Smart E-learning contributes to the development of independent and research skills in students. It was confirmed that the implementation of Smart E-learning contributes to achieving sustainable development goals and increasing the overall efficiency of educational institutions.
Agility in FinTech: Implementing the Spotify Model in Financial IT Systems
Authors: - Sandeep Rachapudi
Published: November 2024

The growth of technology in fintech has been transformative, reshaping how financial services are delivered and consumed. The need for innovation with faster time to market has led to the need for adoption of scaled agile models. This paper explores the implementation of the Spotify model within financial IT systems, examining how its principles of agility, autonomy, and collaboration can enhance innovation and responsiveness in the FinTech sector. It highlights the benefits and challenges of this approach and provides a roadmap for financial institutions looking to adopt this model.
Correlation Between Parenting Pattern of Working Moms and Children's Independence at Kindergarten Hang Tuah 1 Surabaya
Authors: Widianingtyas Sisilia Indriasari , Widayati Marcellina Rasemi , Wahyuni Lucia Dwi Sri
Published: November 2024

Social and economic changes in modern society have increased the number of parents working outside the home. This phenomenon has a significant impact on family dynamics and parenting patterns. One important aspect that needs to be investigated is how working parents affect the development of children's independence.  Independence is an important aspect of child development, including the ability to make decisions, solve problems, and take responsibility for their actions. This study aims to explore the correlation between the parenting pattern of working moms and children's independence
aged 5-6 years. This research is an observational study (non-experimental) with a cross-sectional research design. This study aims to examine the correlation between parenting patterns of working mothers (independent variable) and the independence of children aged 5-6 years (dependent variable). The research was conducted at Hang Tuah 1 Surabaya Kindergarten. The instruments used in this study were a modified Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire-Short Version (PSDQ) and a questionnaire for children's independence. The statistical test used in this study is Spearman analysis. After processing the data using the spearman's rho test the results obtained p = 0.036 <0.05. These results, show that there is a correlation between parenting patterns of working mothers and the independence of children aged 5-6 years at Hang Tuah 1 Surabaya Kindergarten. Working mothers should provide attention, affection, and warmth so that children's independence both in the home and school environment will be higher.
Learning by Doing: Experience of Teaching Text and Image Studies Course at Stanford University
Authors: I Lo-fen
Published: November 2024

‘Learning by doing,’ a pedagogical theory developed by American pragmatist John Dewey (1859-1952), has sent reverberations through educational systems in the 20th century. As a teacher, sticking to the ‘Learning by doing’ principle has proved to be highly productive in my educational practices. This paper puts emphasis on my experience of teaching ‘Text and Image Studies’ course at Stanford University. Such a research approach is currently theorised by myself, aiming at exploring the visual perception of texts and images. With detailed course plans, this paper provides three specific teaching cases applying the ‘Learning by doing’ method to help students effortlessly understand the structural rules of Chinese characters, the narrative forms of scroll paintings, brush strokes in Chinese painting and calligraphy.
The Kuomintang Background of Jit Sin School Board Committee and Election Disputes
Authors: Ee Ooi Sing
Published: November 2024

Jit Sin Public School was founded in 1918 by the Philomatic Union and Hock Teik Cheng Sim Temple of Bukit Mertajam. Both of the organisations became the school board committee which gathered an intertwined network of commerce, temples, politics, and education to gain a foothold in the port. After the dissolution of the Philomatic Union and Kuomintang in 1925, Jit Sin Public School became an important reform organization in the city, and the school board committee became an area where various groups competed for power, as illustrated by two disputes over the election of a school board committee. The first election dispute occurred in 1938 when the Hock Teik Cheng Sim Temple was responsible for funding the construction of Jit Sin Public School, leading to a controversy over whether the Hock Teik Cheng Sim Temple should increase its number of seats on the school board committee. The second election dispute occurred in 1947, when Huang again manipulated the election, prompting protests from leftist school board members.

The issue of disputes over the powers of the Nanyang Overseas Chinese School Board Committee has been heard from time to time, however far too little discussion has been paid to the topic. This paper will examine the establishment of the leadership of the school board committee and the disputes over the powers of the school board committee which were occurred in 1938 and 1947.
A Spectral Critique of Hong Kong Films: A Reading of the Urban Spectre: Dr. Esther MK Cheung’s Essays in Hong Kong Film Studies
Authors: Ng Kok Hwa
Published: November 2024

Collected in the Urban Spectre are six essays (five being Chinese translations and one originally written in Chinese) of the late Dr. Esther MK Cheung (1958-2015) on Hong Kong films and urban problems. The aim of this compilation and translation is to construct a framework for analyzing Hong Kong films – spectral analysis or spectral critique, so as to guide more Chinese readers to ponder on the following question: How and why has there been a lasting presence of a lingering crisis consciousness, “homeless/rootless” feelings, and illusion of ruins in Hong Kong films since the late 1970s? This paper is divided into two parts. The first part interprets the references of “phantasmagoria”, “spectre” or “uncanny” in the book, and examines how the author manipulates the “spectral critique”. Extending from this book, the second part ruminates on whether Hong Kong films continue to be phantasmagoria (the discussion in the book stops at the films in 2010), and whether we can borrow the author’s “spectral vision” to portray a phantasmagoric map of sinophone cinemas since the late 20th century.
Rethinking Intellectual Legacies of the “May Fourth Period”: The Case of Hu Shih’s Interpretation of Ching-hua yüan （Flowers in the Mirror)
Authors: Pan Kuang-che
Published: November 2024

Given the significance of the May Fourth period in modern Chinese history, the scholarly projects pursued by intellectuals of the time and their legacies deserve further exploration. Focusing on Hu Shih’s interpretation of Ching-hua yüan （Flowers in the Mirror; hereafter CHY）, an early nineteenth-century Chinese fantasy fiction, this paper outlines some major threads of the May Fourth intellectual projects and their profound influences. For Hu, CHY was a fiction on the question of women’s rights, with which the author Li Ruzhen advocated equalities in wellbeing, education, and opportunity between men and women. This interpretation became virtually canonic since its publication in 1923. By contextualizing Hu Shih’s interventions in the “women question” of his time, we will be able to capture the intellectual origins of his interpretation of CHY, as well as its lasting significance. This case illustrates specifically how legacies of the May Fourth period shaped the development of modern Chinese thought.
The Tradition Studies Under Western Perspective: Ch’ien Chung-Shu’s Ideology of Literary History on “Take the old as the New”
Authors: Siew Wen Jia
Published: November 2024

As a Post-May Fourth scholar, Ch’ien Chung-Shu had gained a deep foundation for tradition studies from home, as well as underwent professional training on Western Literature. Thus, his literary perspective was much wider, familiar with the tradition and modern studies within Eastern and Western world. While comparing the Chinese and Western studies, the May Fourth scholars tended to promote “new voices” from the foreign land, taking strategic of enlarged the advances of Western studies plus highlighted the defect of Chinese studies, in order to shape the legality of New Literature. On the contrary, the Xueheng School (学衡派) tended to absorb new nutrients from the Western Classical Literature, even analyzed the Chinese tradition studies from Western perspective. Regrettably, the Xueheng School was considered as the opposition during the New Literature Movement, their approach usually obscured by the tense confrontation between the new and tradition studies. Between 1932-35, Ch’ien Chung-Shu graduated from the Department of Foreign Languages, Tsinghua University, then became a young lecturer in Shanghai Guanghua University. He had published a series of Chinese and English book reviews, including papers in Tsinghua Weekly, Crescent Monthly, Ta Kung Pao, Guofeng Bimonthly, T’ien Hsia Monthly publications. In early review articles, when Ch’ien Chung-Shu analyzed the Song Dynasty literary theory and poetry, he borrowed the ideology of “take the old as the new”, discussed about the breakthrough of the literary power circle. His English papers not only formed dialogue with the overseas sinologists, but also moved forward from the foundation of Xueheng School, which included the tradition studies within Western vision. He mentioned that through the meetings of the tradition and modern studies within Eastern and Western world, we could place the Classics in the literary history and the art palace.
Research on the Power and Subversion of Beauty Based on Yasunari Kawabata's “Make-up” Short Stories
Authors: Lee Ming Ren
Published: November 2024

The article “Makeup” by Yasunari Kawabata provides a slender insight into the horrible experience that people overlook – “the smile of a girl with makeup” - and thus peeks into the unknown secrets of human development. “Makeup” is a kind of mirroring catering for women, reflecting their own life values through the visual, linguistic and symbolic standards of men. In ancient times, women had a high and sacred status and were worshipped by men for their reproductive organs. Men turned to language and writing to create a world of history in an attempt to conceal the sublime nature of women, while women were gradually sculpted as “weak, subservient and beautiful” in men's eyes. In the symbolic world, men have unconsciously given women the power of beauty, which is the legacy of men's subversion of matriarchal society, but also the source of women's subversion of patriarchal power. Therefore, “make-up” is the attachment and sorrow for beauty in men'’s mirror image, but because of this, women are able to rely on their beauty to gather a huge power that can overwhelm the country and shake the civilization written by men. Therefore, this paper would like to clarify the meaning of make-up by means of semiotics, using Jacques Marie Emile Lacan's “mirror stage” to discuss how women construct their own identity in the mirror image given by men.
Whirling into the World: The Duality of Dance Hostesses' Labor and Social Praxis in Postwar Singapore
Authors: Kuo Mei Yao
Published: November 2024

Due to the ambivalent connotations propagated by print media, it is challenging to define the identity and positionality of Singapore dance hostesses. Since the advent of commercial dance halls in the 1930s, Singapore dance hostesses as a distinct social group has been subjected to public criticism for their sexualized image. At the same time, they have also established a positive social image for their enthusiastic dedication to social causes. This essay attempts to reconstruct Singapore dance hostesses of the postwar period from news articles and archives, discovering the historical and social features of the dance hostesses, and to observe the various dilemmas brought about by the ambiguity of dance hostesses’ social identity, and exploring the process of their self-empowerment.
A Preliminary Exploration of the Academic Origins and Developments of Duan Yucai
Authors: Zhang Qianqian , Ser Wue Hiong
Published: November 2024

Duan Yucai was renowned philologist and scholar during the Qianlong and Jiaqing periods of the Qing Dynasty. He possessed extensive knowledge and authored numerous works, with his masterpiece Shuo Wen Jie Zi Zhu gaining great recognition in academic circles. Duan Yucai’s family tradition is virtuous and studious, and he learned from Dai Zhen, inherited and developed the tradition of philological research, making significant contribution in both practical and theoretical aspects. He had close interactions and discussions with scholars such as Wang Niansun and Qian Daxin. Duan Yucai also actively supported and inspired younger academics, nurturing their talents. The importance of analyzing and documenting the academic interactions between Duan Yucai and his teachers, colleagues, and disciples is evident. This paper focuses on individuals as focal points and traces Duan Yucai’s academic career through a chronological perspective, primarily examining his scholarly exchanges with his mentors, peers and successors, thus revealing the academic lineage of Duan Yucai.
The Spatial and Temporal Evolution of Traditional Chinese Community Settlements in Singapore (1819-2000)
Authors: Ni William
Published: November 2024

This article uses archival map data and some historical materials from the early 19th century, and takes geographical organizations such as the Singapore Chinese Association and dialect communities as the research objects. From the perspective of historical geography, we sort out the traditional Chinese community settlements in Singapore from the opening of the port to the early 21st century. The origin, type characteristics, spatial distribution, and temporal and spatial evolution of the composition is the catalytic force for the construction of traditional Chinese community settlements; a series of town planning methods adopted by the British colonial government are the driving force for the birth of traditional Chinese community settlements; and the urbanization process in Singapore is the acceleration of time and space changes for traditional Chinese community settlements. Important lifting force.
The Perception of Mental Health Issues That Affect Workplace Productivity in Klang Valley, Malaysia
Authors: Law Kyra Ley Sy , Tiah Benjamin Joo Wei
Published: November 2024

The businesses have been converging on ways to enhance their employees’ productivity and motivations for their shaken productivity. With this knowledge, businesses conduct various types of research to find solutions to improve employee’s productivity. The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between mental health status and employee’s productivity. The primary data was collected by using a quantitative approach among working individuals in Klang Valley, Malaysia. A total of 161 respondents in Klang Valley was gathered, and the results show that depression and anxiety disorder have a significant relationship with employees’ workplace productivity, whereas job stress and post-traumatic stress disorder do not have a significant relationship with employees’ workplace productivity. This research also found out that anxiety disorder is the most significant variable that affects employees’ workplace productivity. Mental health issues are currently arising and hardly acknowledged by organisation; thus, the results of this research focussed on the field of mental health issue affecting employee’s productivity.
Mediating Effect of Technological Enablement on Entrepreneurial Adoption among Students in Higher Education: A Confirmatory Analysis of Technological Enablement Entrepreneurial Model (TEEM)
Authors: Keoy Kay Hooi , Koh Yung Jing , Chit Su Mon , Kwek Choon Ling , Genaro Japos , Lee Luqman , Thong Chee Ling
Published: November 2024

With the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic, students at higher education institutions have recently relied greatly on technological support for their studies and remote support from their universities. Technological enablement is a major determinant of entrepreneurial initiation among higher education students in Malaysia. Empirical studies demonstrate the growing interest in investigating the impact of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial success among the country’s higher education students. The focus areas include how governmental support, entrepreneurial intention, entrepreneurial education, and technological enablement (mediator factor) can influence entrepreneurial initiation. Therefore, this study aims to determine the factors that affect entrepreneurial initiation (action) among graduating students and the mediating effect of technological enablement on entrepreneurial adoption among students at higher education institutions in Malaysia. The study used Google Form to obtain information related to the topic. Data collection from 297 students in Peninsular Malaysia was voluntary and based on informed consent and anonymity. PLS-SEM (partial least squares structural equation modeling) with a formative-reflective model was adopted to assess the direct and indirect effects alongside the mediating factor. Hence, Smart PLS software was adopted for data analysis. Empirical results also proved that technological enablement as a mediating factor has a greater and significant impact on perceived entrepreneurial success. The results empirically demonstrate that the technological enablement factor has a major impact and influence when students at higher education institutions start businesses. Through such findings, policymakers at the institutional level will be able to identify and deliver the technological support and initiatives necessary to achieve a higher rate of entrepreneurial adoption success.
Robust Controller Design for a Grid-Connected VSI via an LCL Filter in the Presence of Unknown Grid Impedance
Authors: Gonzalez Juan Manuel , Busada Claudio A. , Solsona Jorge A.
Published: November 2024

Inverters connected to the grid can become unstable under specific grid impedance conditions. In order to find a solution to this problem, it is possible to ensure system stability and their robustness to R-L type grid impedances by satisfying two conditions. The first condition is to ensure that the closed-loop poles of the system are in stable positions to variations in the grid impedance. The second condition is reliant on the admittance model of the equivalent circuit. Specifically, the product of this admittance and the grid impedance must adhere to the Nyquist stability criterion. In this work, the stability of the converter connected to the grid through an LCL filter is analysed. For this purpose, the output admittance is modelled in the Laplace domain taking into account the behaviour of the discrete controller. In addition, to ensure that the closed-loop poles are in stable positions, the system open-loop response is analysed. These two conditions are examined across scenarios where system states are partially or completely fed back, for different system parameter values. Consequently, a robust controller is designed for variations of the R-L type grid impedance.
Accuracy of Fat Mass and Muscle Mass Measured by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis in Predicting Osteoporosis in Older Adults
Authors: Riviati Nur , Ari Dwi Prasetyo  , Rizki Bastari  , Surya Darma  , Erial Bahar
Published: November 2024

Background: Osteoporosis is a prevalent bone disease characterized by reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and increased fracture risk. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of fat mass (FM) and muscle mass measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) in predicting osteoporosis in older adults.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 109 outpatients aged 60 years and older. FM parameters (total fat mass, visceral fat level, and fat mass index [FMI]) and muscle mass parameters (total muscle mass, appendicular skeletal muscle mass [ASM], and appendicular skeletal muscle mass index [ASMI]) were measured using BIA. Osteoporosis was diagnosed based on BMD measurements using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine cut-off points and assess the accuracy of BIA parameters in predicting osteoporosis.
Results: The prevalence of osteoporosis was 52.3% (n=57). The optimal cut-off points for predicting osteoporosis were: total fat mass >36.25%, visceral fat level >12.05, FMI >7.82 kg/m2, total muscle mass <37.82 kg, ASM <16.795 kg, and ASMI <6.895 kg/m2. Among the FM parameters, visceral fat level had the highest accuracy (AUC = 60.9%, sensitivity = 64.9%, specificity = 78.8%) while FMI had the lowest (AUC = 53.5%, sensitivity = 56.1%, specificity = 57.7%). For muscle mass parameters, ASM showed the highest accuracy (AUC = 74.0%, sensitivity = 70.2%, specificity = 76.9%).
Conclusion: BIA-derived FM and muscle mass parameters, particularly visceral fat level and ASM can be used to predict osteoporosis in older adults with good accuracy. This non-invasive and accessible method may be useful as a screening tool for osteoporosis, especially in settings where DXA is unavailable.
Oversight Function of the Regional House of Representatives over Regional Budget Utilization in Mamuju Regency
Authors: Sudarsono Sudarsono , Kamal Muhammad , Razak Askari
Published: November 2024

This study aims to gain an in-depth understanding of how the Mamuju Regency House of Representatives carries out its oversight function and its accountability mechanisms over Regional Budget utilization in the Mamuju Regency. The study employs a normative legal research method with a statute approach. The collected legal materials are then analyzed qualitatively to describe the issues and address the research objectives. The results of this study indicate that the oversight function of the Mamuju Regency House of Representatives is an integral element of good local governance. This function is crucial in ensuring the accountability and transparency of Regional Budget utilization as a vital instrument for regional development. The optimization of the Mamuju Regency House of Representatives’s oversight function, including the exercise of the rights of interpellation, inquiry, and expressing opinions, is a determining factor in preventing corruption and guaranteeing the effectiveness of Regional Budget utilization. The accountability mechanisms for Regional Budget management encompass coherent and systematic stages, including the democratic and participatory formulation and enactment of the Regional Budget, the closely monitored implementation by the Mamuju Regency House of Representatives, and the submission of accountability reports and audit reports that present comprehensive evaluations. Therefore, it is recommended that the supporting elements of the Mamuju Regency House of Representatives enhance synergy and coordination in carrying out the oversight function. The Audit Board is expected to improve the quality of audits and expand the scope of audits over Regional Budget utilization. The Regency Government should enhance transparency and accountability in Regional Budget management. Public participation in overseeing Regional Budget utilization must also be enhanced through various mechanisms that facilitate public engagement.
Effects of Land Use Land Cover Change on Gully Development in Lugari Sub Catchment, Kakamega County in Kenya
Authors: Daniel Khisa Kauf , Murimi Shadrack Kiana , Makokha Mary
Published: November 2024

Worldwide Gully erosion has been considered a severe agricultural and environmental problem. In Kenya, gully erosion is treated as a serious and common socio-economic and environmental problem of different catchments. Thus, the objective of this research was to assess the diversity and effect of gully erosion in Lugari sub-catchments in Kakamega County, Kenya. The objective of the study was achieved by analysis of the data from the images and data obtained from the field observation, field measurement, GPS, interviews and household survey. The result of the study indicates that gully erosion was initiated in the mountainous area following the 1990s and 2000s land cover changes and human cause factors. In addition, the steepness of the slopes and the soil characteristics have triggered gully erosion in the study area. Gully erosion affects the physical, economic and social effects on an area. According to the group discussion and interview, the social-economic impacts of the gully were the loss of life of a 65-year-old man death and injuries to livestock and reduced yield. The result from field measurements and field observation indicated that loss of soil (1,519,487) and loss of vegetation are the major physical impacts of gully erosion. In Lugari sub-catchments there are promising rehabilitation conditions and their conditions are, availabilities for the labour force, transport serves presence of civic societies, NEMA and the green economy policy of the county. Thus, the county and National government and local communities need to set, a work plan and use the existing opportunities
Association between Socio-Demographic Characteristics and Drivers of Food Choice among Women of Reproductive Age
Authors: Muturi Christine Wairimu , Waudo Judith , Njogu Eunice
Published: November 2024

Food choices are influenced by a variety of factors, including sociodemographic characteristics and play a critical role in shaping dietary patterns. Among women of reproductive age, these decisions have significant implications for both individual health and public health outcomes. This study examined the association between socio-demographic factors and drivers of food choice among women aged 18-59 years in Kiambu County, Kenya. Understanding this relationship is crucial for informing nutrition policies and interventions aimed at improving dietary diversity and health outcomes in this population. A cross-sectional analytical design was employed, with a sample size of 383. Data was collected using questionnaires and a focus group discussion (FDG), assessing drivers of food choice such as health, convenience, sensory appeal, price, mood, religion, and ethical concerns. Socio-demographic variables, including age, marital status, education level, and income, were also collected to assess their influence on food choices. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 23.0 and data was presented using means and frequencies. Chi-square tests were used to determine associations between the variables, and a significance level was set at p<0.05. The results indicated that convenience and sensory appeal were the most influential drivers of food choice. Significant associations were observed between marital status and convenience (p=0.000), as well as income and access to food (p=0.031). Age also influenced ethical concerns, particularly regarding food packaging, with older women showing a greater preference for environmentally friendly packaging. Religion played a notable role in mood and health-related food choices, while women in lower-income brackets prioritized affordability over nutritional quality. The study highlights the need for targeted nutrition education and policy interventions tailored to the socio-demographic diversity of women in Kiambu County. Specifically, there is a need for programs focusing on promoting the affordability of healthy foods among younger and lower-income women
The Impact of the Textile Sector on the Pakistan Stock Exchange
Authors: Shakeel Talha , Qayyum Hamza , Fazal Shayan , Kayani Saleha Javed , Hasan Dr. Danish , Raza Usama
Published: November 2024

This research paper aimed to examine what impact does the textile industry has on the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX). In Pakistan’s economy, the textile industry holds a very significant position and this sector is regarded as one of the country’s largest and most vital sectors. This research study has aimed to examine the correlation between textile firms’ performance and the stock market, focusing on the PSX particularly. We have opted quantitative research approach after gathering the secondary data from the PSX and all financial reports of textile companies listed on the exchange. To assess the performance and influence of the textile industry on the stock market, various financial indicators such as trading volume, stock price, financial ratios and market capitalization are employed. The research tends to investigate the correlation between the textile industry indicators and stock market performance which is done through statistical analysis and regression models. The core objective of this study aims to shed light on the extent to which the textile industry affects investors sentiments, market trends, and market volatility. Furthermore, considering factors such as government policies, exports, global market trends, and foreign investment, the research explores the mechanism through which it affects the textile industry and PSX. This study also examines the interplay between the textile industry and other sectors within the stock exchange, finding potential spill-over effects and interdependencies.
Macrophage-derived cathepsin L promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and M2 polarization in gastric cancer
Authors: Xiao Lu-Xi , Li Xun-Jun , Yu Hai-Yi , Qiu Ren-Jie , Zhai Zhong-Ya , Ding Wen-Fu , Zhu Man-Sheng , Zhong Wu , Fang Chuan-Fa , Yang Jia , Chen Tao , Yu Jiang
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Advanced gastric tumors are extremely prone to metastasize the in 20%–30% of gastric cancer, and patients have a poor prognosis despite systemic chemotherapy. Peritoneal metastases from gastric cancer usually indicate the end stage of the disease without curative treatment.

AIM

To peritoneal metastasis for facilitating clinical therapy are urgently needed.

METHODS

Immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence staining were used to demonstrate the high expression of cathepsin L (CTSL) in human gastric cancer tissues and its localization in cells. Lentivirus transfection was used to construct stable cell lines. Transwell invasion assays, wound healing assays, and animal tests were used to determine the relationships between CTSL and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and tumorigenic potential in vivo .

RESULTS

We observed that macrophage-derived CTSL promoted gastric cancer cell migration and metastasis via the EMT pathway in vitro and in vivo , which involved macrophage polarization. Our findings suggest that macrophages improve extracellular matrix remodeling and hence facilitate tumor metastasis. Ablation of CTSL in macrophages within the tumor microenvironment may improve tumor therapy and the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis.

CONCLUSION

In consideration of our findings, tumor-associated macrophage-derived CTSL is an important factor that promotes the metastasis and invasion of gastric cancer cells, and the targeting of CTSL may potentially improve the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis.
Understanding gastric metastasis of small cell lung carcinoma: Insights from case reports and clinical implications
Authors: Nguyen Nhi Thi Y , Luong Thang Viet , Nguyen Dat Xuan , Le Linh Duy , Dang Hai Nguyen Ngoc
Published: November 2024

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a common type of primary lung cancer that contributes to approximately 15% of cases. It is closely associated with tobacco risk factors. It is also known as a type of lung cancer that has a high mortality rate within a short time due to its rapid growth rate (with tumor doubling time of 30 days) and its tendency to metastasize early in the disease process. The primary sites of metastasis in SCLC are similar to those in other primary lung cancers and often include the brain, bones, adrenal glands, liver, and lymph nodes. However, there are a few clinical reports of uncommon metastases, such as gastric metastasis from SCLC. Although the incidence of this clinical presentation is very low, reported cases have generally resulted in early mortality due to inadequate treatment. The purpose of this letter is to discuss the knowledge related to gastric metastasis from SCLC and remind clinical doctors not to miss atypical symptoms, thereby providing the right attitude to improve the prognosis for these patients.
ECONOMIC AND GEOGRAPHICAL ASPECTS OF KOVRAK CULTIVATION IN DEKHKANABAD DISTRICT
Authors:   Chirchik State Pedagogical University, Associate Professor of the Department of Geography, Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Associate Professor, Uzbekistan, Abduazizovich Namozov Jorabek , qizi Nurqobilova Yulduz Bahrom ,   Student of Karshi State University, Uzbekistan
Published: November 2024

The article provides information on the medicinal properties of the kovrak plant, measures for its current use. The importance of this plant in providing employment to the population of Dehqanabad district, its annual yield and income are scientifically analyzed. The prospects for kovrak cultivation are highlighted, including the costs and benefits of its cultivation, calculated in local currency and US dollars.
FORMATION OF THE ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF THE ENTERPRISE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE ORGANIZATIONAL AND METHODOLOGICAL SUPPORT OF THE PROCESS
Authors:   Doctoral student ofAndijan Machine-building Institute, Uzbekistan, Rashitovich Yuldashev Abduvakhob
Published: November 2024

The article developed the recommended organizational structure of the energy management system of the enterprise, the documentation of the energy management system, the program of measures for the implementation of the energy management system at the enterprise, The Matrix of responsibility developed for the measures, the stages of assessing the effectiveness and efficiency of the energy management system, the algorithm for assessing the efficiency and.
THE PLACE OF TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE TITLES OF MOVIES
Authors:   A Teacher of Termez University of Economy and Service, Uzbekistan, Abdukadirovna Safarova Dilarom
Published: November 2024

The article investigates the difficulties of translation of the titles of films. It explores the features of literal translation. The paper consists of translation the names of English movies and the examples which have the greatest difficulty in translation. It analyzes lexical difficulties in translation of literary texts. Translation of such works requires special skills in the field of translation, using appropriate types of transformations, concentration, knowledge, techniques and methods of translation.
LINGUISTIC HISTORY OF STUDY EXOTISMS
Authors:   Teacher of Termez state university, Uzbekistan, Baxtiyorovna Xasanova Kamila
Published: November 2024

Today in linguistics is gave a special attention to the study of vocabulary with national colours. In this article, we examined the use and study of exotisms, examples of scientific works of various linguists, and their distinctive features.
THE ROLE OF CREATIVE WRITING IN DEVELOPING ACADEMIC WRITING SKILLS
Authors:   Teacher at the Interfaculty Foreign Languages Department at Chirchik State Pedagogical University, Uzbekistan, Zuhra Jurayeva
Published: November 2024

This article explores the role of creative writing in developing academic writing skills, examining how the expressive freedom of creative exercises can enhance students' ability to communicate complex ideas within structured academic frameworks. By fostering a unique voice, expanding vocabulary, and cultivating critical thinking, creative writing contributes to a balanced skill set that strengthens students' academic writing capabilities. This blend of creativity and discipline encourages students to engage more deeply with the writing process, making their academic work both compelling and accessible. The article also highlights the practical applications of this dual skill set in real-world contexts, where adaptability and clarity in communication are essential.
SOCIO-POLITICAL ASPECTS AND ANALYSIS OF THE FORMATION OF GENDER CULTURE IN EASTERN SOCIETY
Authors:   Senior Lecturer of the Political Science Department of the Uzbek State University of World Languages, Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Political Science, Uzbekistan, Davronova Feruza Rakhmonovna
Published: November 2024

This article examines the social and political life of the formation of the culture of gentes in the societies of the Shark. The appearance of gender culture, the means of development of society, the work aimed at ensuring gender equality, institutional foundations, historical and economic factors were considered. The results of the study should reveal the products that include gentes in the spaces of the Shark.
SELECTION OF SPEAKING MATERIALS FOR A2 LEVEL LANGUAGE LEARNERS IN ACCORDANCE WITH COMMUNICATIVE APPROACH
Authors:   (Master of Foreign Language and Literature Studies), University of Exact and Social Sciences, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Saydillaevna Qurbanova Ziyoda
Published: November 2024

This article discusses selection criteria of speeking materials for A2 learners in accordance with communicative approach. To support the above mentioned point of view, several scholars’ works were looked through and analysed to reach conclusion. Moreover, peculiarities of speech materials are studied and main features are determined to select A2 speech materials to create new model of the research.
THE IMPORTANCE OF USING ELECTRONIC TEXTBOOKS IN IMPROVING THE SKILLS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHERS
Authors:   Professor of the Institute of Retraining and Advanced Training of Physical Education and Sports Specialists, Uzbekistan, Abdujaparovich Tolametov Abdujalil
Published: November 2024

In the article, the practical importance of the issue of using electronic textbooks in improving the qualifications of physical education teachers working in general secondary schools is reflected.
THE ROLE OF THE GREEN ECONOMY IN IMPROVING THE STATE BUDGET
Authors:   Senior teacher at Department of Economics at University of Science and Technology, Uzbekistan, Xamidovna Isayeva Nargiza
Published: November 2024

The green economy is a transformative economic model that aligns sustainability with fiscal efficiency, addressing critical environmental and economic challenges. This paper explores the role of the green economy in improving state budgets through revenue generation, cost reduction, and economic growth. It highlights mechanisms such as pollution taxes, carbon pricing, and green incentives that create new revenue streams, while showcasing the fiscal benefits of reduced spending on environmental damage and enhanced energy efficiency. The green economy also drives economic diversification by fostering green jobs and attracting sustainable investments. Despite its potential, challenges such as financial barriers, policy gaps, resistance from traditional industries, and limited awareness hinder its implementation. This paper calls for coordinated efforts from policymakers, industries, and citizens to embrace green economic principles, offering a vision for a sustainable future with long-term fiscal stability and environmental resilience.
PROVIDING INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE AGRARIAN SECTOR AND MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY
Authors:   Dosent., Tashkent university of applied sciences, TUAS, Uzbekistan, Kumakovich Bustonov Komiljon
Published: November 2024

The article analyzes the financial activities of the agricultural sector in the context of the digital economy, including, in recent years, the development of the agricultural sector in Uzbekistan has been given a high level of importance, the government has determined the consistent continuation of the cluster policy to ensure the rapid development of the national economy and high growth rates. Due to the fact that there is insufficient scientific research on the implementation of cluster activities, effective organization and improvement of the financing system, especially the principles of innovative organization, effective financing, as well as the study of the form of management structures and their main features, remain urgent tasks.
SOCIAL AND MORAL NORMS IN PROFESSIONAL PEDAGOGICAL ACTIVITY
Authors:   Associate professor of the department of fine and applied arts of Andijan State University, Uzbekistan, Turgunovna Shakirova Charoskhan
Published: November 2024

This article explores the significance of social and moral norms in professional pedagogical activity. It examines the theoretical foundation, practical application, and challenges of adhering to these norms. The findings emphasize their critical role in shaping educators’ ethical behavior and improving the educational environment. Strategies for the effective implementation of these norms through professional development, institutional policies, and reflective practices are also discussed, highlighting their contribution to fostering inclusive and ethically sound teaching practices.
EFFECTIVE EDUCATIONAL INDICATORS OF MULTI-VECTOR APPROACHES IN FORMING COLLABORATIVE SKILLS OF STUDENTS BASED ON PEDAGOGICAL METHODS OF INNOVATIVE EDUCATION
Authors:   Assistant, Department of Pedagogy and Psychology, Karakalpak State University named after Berdakh, Republic of Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan, Begibaevna Turemuratova Aziza , kizi Arzuova Juldız Azat ,   Students of Karakalpak State University named after Berdakh, Uzbekistan, kizi Sultamuratova Gulmira Nuratdin ,   Students of Karakalpak State University named after Berdakh, Uzbekistan
Published: November 2024

The purpose of thіs research іs to іdentіfy students’ collaboratіve skіlls through learnіng sharіng and jumpіng task on the topіc of redox reactіons. Collaboratіve skіlls are skіlls that must be possessed by each student іn accordance wіth the demands of the 2023 currіculum. Thіs research used descrіptіve analysіs method. The data were obtaіned through recordіng and observatіng. Transcrіpt Based Lesson Analysіs (TBLA) was used to analyze the transcrіpts.
THE CONCEPT OF AUTOCOMPETENCE: A KEY QUALITY FOR PRESCHOOL EDUCATION LEADERS
Authors:   Doctoral student at Namangan State University, Uzbekistan, Muminovich Normirzayev Farhodjon
Published: November 2024

Autocompetence, defined as the ability to self-regulate, reflect, and autonomously develop one’s skills, is increasingly recognized as a crucial quality for leaders in preschool education. This article explores the multifaceted concept of autocompetence, its theoretical foundations, and its practical significance in early childhood leadership. By examining current research and best practices, we discuss strategies for cultivating autocompetence among preschool education leaders. Fostering autocompetence enhances leaders’ effectiveness, promotes innovation, and creates supportive environments for both educators and children, ultimately contributing to improved educational outcomes and the holistic development of young learners.
THE ROLE OF PEDAGOGICAL METHODS BASED ON MULTI-VECTOR APPROACHES IN MODERN EDUCATION IN IMPROVING STUDENTS' COLLABORATIVE SKILLS
Authors:   Assistant, Department of Pedagogy and Psychology, Karakalpak State University named after Berdakh, Republic of Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan, Uzbekistan, Begibaevna Turemuratova Aziza , kizi Kengesbaeva Gulnaz Bakhitbay ,   Students of Karakalpak State University named after Berdakh, Uzbekistan, kizi Ilyasova Aylar Jumabay ,   Students of Karakalpak State University named after Berdakh, Uzbekistan, kizi Utepbergenova Umida Tolibay ,   Students of Karakalpak State University named after Berdakh, Uzbekistan
Published: November 2024

Collaboratіon, as presented іn thіs framework, іs consіdered іn the context of teachіng and assessіng the skіll, and as such requіres there to be an end goal, problem to be solved, or decіsіon to be made. Thіs defіnіtіon of collaboratіon іs sіtuated on the premіse that there іs purpose and necessіty to employіng the skіll. Thіs skіll development framework has been developed to address the challenges assocіated wіth teachіng and assessіng collaboratіon. Whіle there are many defіnіtіons of the skіll, few provіde a means to operatіonalіse collaboratіon іn the classroom. Thіs framework іs desіgned to synthesіse and harmonіse exіstіng theory and research on collaboratіon to provіde a holіstіc perspectіve.
THE ROLE OF STYLISTIC DEVICES IN SHAPING POLITICAL DISCOURSE AND PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT
Authors:   Student at Ferghana State University,Uzbekistan, qizi Maqsudova Nodirakhon Zafarjon
Published: November 2024

Researchers have always noted that there are stylistic features of political texts that would always see them as being effective tools in appealing and manipulating the audience.stic features. All these texts use tropes such as metaphor, reinforcement, parallelism, and appeal to emotion to convey messages with certain communication purposes. Such devices help politicians to work with emotions, to explain some ideas and to link themselves and their opinions with the society, so their information is considered and effective. When focusing on the stylistic and rhetorical features of political speeches we learn more about how language can be used to influence, mobilize and construct the world out there. In this article the necessity and function of such techniques in political discourse will be explained and illustrated.
ISSUES OF ENHANCING THE EFFICIENCY OF ORGANIZING STUDENTS' INDIVIDUAL ACTIVITIES IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE LESSONS
Authors:   A senior teacher at Tashkent State University of Economics,Uzbekistan, Raximdjanovna Shermukhamedova Dilnozaxon
Published: November 2024

The effectiveness of English language teaching is profoundly influenced by how well individual activities are organized and tailored to address learners’ specific needs. This paper examines the challenges and practical strategies involved in organizing individualized activities in English language lessons. Key areas explored include accommodating diverse proficiency levels, fostering learner autonomy, leveraging technology, and addressing motivational issues. The study highlights the role of differentiated instruction and personalized feedback in promoting language proficiency and enhancing student engagement. Recommendations for practical implementation and institutional support are provided to bridge the gap between theoretical frameworks and classroom practices.