bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exact solution of Singular Cauchy problem for Euler-Poisson-Darboux equation
Authors: John Z.
Published: March 2021

In this work we studied Lie group symmetry of non-linear ordinary differential equations and partial differential equations. And we tried solve a singular Cauchy problem for Euler-Poisson-Darboux equation by use this method because we want to found exact solution. Lie group symmetry takes exact solution if and only if any equation is invariant. When we applied lie group symmetry on a singular Cauchy problem for Euler-Poisson-Darboux equation we have got a polynomial of equations and we equal this polynomial for zero, after that we got many equations equal to zero, when we solve those equations we can’t found infinitesimal transformation of a singular Cauchy problem for Euler-Poisson-Darboux equation. And for this reason, we raised the order of the derivative to a higher level, we also derived a new generator corresponding to the order of the new equation. When we solve new equation we can find infinitesimal transformation of these equations by many method of Mathematics, and by used algorithm of Lie group Symmetries, we got general solution of singular Cauchy problem for Euler-Poisson-Darboux equation.
Effect of Climate Change on the Distribution of Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Iraq
Authors: Al-Obaidi Mohammed J. , Ali Hayder B.
Published: March 2021

Phlebotomus papatasi sand fly is the main vector of Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ZCL) in Iraq. The aim of this study was to assess and predict the effects of climate change on the distribution of the cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) cases and the main vector presently and in the future. Data of the CL cases were collected for the period (2000-2018) in addition to sand fly (SF) abundance. Geographic information system, R studio and MaxEnt (Maximum entropy niche model) software were used for analysis and predict effect of (elevation, population, Bio1-19, and Bio28-35) on CL cases distribution and SF occurrence. HadGEM2-ES model with two climate change scenarios, RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 were used for future projections 2050. The results showed that the CL case trend was increased over the period (2000-2018) with highest peak observed in 2017. Incidence rate for same period was varied and increased. Near perfect crimination (SF as vector) led to high predictive performance of the model in 2050. The study concluded that the climate conditions are the major determinants of ZCL distribution and SF occurrence. Habitats suitability for the ZCL and SF will be stay in the future comparing with the current conditions. Evaluation of the effect of environmental conditions and bioclimatic factors on ZCL distribution and SF occurrence may provide a guide for CL prevention and control programmers.
A Proactive Model for Optimizing Swarm Search Algorithms for Intrusion Detection System
Authors: Alkafagi Salam Saad , Almuttairi Rafah M.
Published: March 2021

This paper proposes a novel a Proactive model for Swarm Optimization for feature selection (PMSO) of intrusion detection system. The proposed model potentially enhances the search process and initial value of population for swarm optimization algorithms. The swarm optimization often suffering from falling in a local optimum, one of the main causes of this problem is the initial value of the population. Our proposed model is applied with the aim to address these challenges by restarting generate the population when system sensed the search process go forward stagnation. This process will give high exploration and reduce the probability of Stagnation in local optima. Benchmark datasets, namely, NSL-KDD datasets is used to demonstrate and validate the performance of the proposed model for intrusion detection. Experimentally, the machine learning accuracy has provided better classification results with proposed system (%2) than swarm optimization (Particle Swarm Optimization and Bat Algorithm).
In Vitro and in Vivo Measurements of ROS Scavenging Activity and White Blood Cells Activity by Chemiluminescence of a New Selena-Diazole Derivative Compare to Dipyrone Activity
Authors: Neamah Nadheerah Falih , Naaeem Khudair Abdul-Razzak , Al-Jadaan Shaker A. N.
Published: March 2021

Reactive oxygen species ROS scavenging activity of whole Blood and White Blood Cells were measured. The estimation depends on the principle of luminol oxidation by ROS produced during phagocytosis. The study aimed to evaluate ROS production of Whole Blood and WBCs activity. CL measured using Luminol-dependent CL reader, and the recording system is Scaler Time ST7. The female rats in four groups received T and/or Di, or received only 2mL of DW for 30 days. CL Invitro antioxidant activity the result exhibited T&Di group was significant reduction in CL. Invivo CL of T group CL activity of whole blood was significant elevated CL than all groups. While T&Di group CL activity was reduced essentially than T, Di group; Functional WBC/100cells invitro CL activity of T&Di decreased significantly than DW CL while the Di, and T groups had no important changed than DW group WBCs CL activity. The results of WBCs invivo CL were T&Di activity was significantly higher than DW activity. Also, in Di the CL activity of WBCs significantly elevated than DW. While T the WBC activity showed non-significant alteration with DW. It was concluded that T compound had a potent ROS scavenging activity with reduced WBCs activity.
Schultz and Modified Schultz Polynomials for Edge – Identification Chain and Ring – for Pentagon and Hexagon Graphs
Authors: Abdullah Mahmood M. , Ali Ahmed M.
Published: March 2021

In a connected graph G, the distance function between each pair of two vertices from a set vertex V(G) is a shortest distance between them and the vertex degree v, deg
v, is the number of edges which are incident to the vertex v. The Schultz and modified Schultz polynomials of G are have defined as :Sc(G; x) = ∑( deg
v + deg
u) x

d
(u, v) and Sc ∗ (G; x) = ∑ (deg
v. deg
u) x

d
(u, v), respectively, where the summations are taken over all unordered pairs of distinct vertices in V(G) and d(u, v) is the distance between u and v in V(G). We shall find the general forms of Schultz and modified Schultz polynomials and indices of the edge – identification chain and ring – pentagon and hexagon graphs in the present work.
Fréchet Spaces via Fuzzy Structures
Authors: Jasim Ahmad Ghanawi , Al-Nafie Z. D.
Published: March 2021

The concept of fuzzy Fréchet space Z introduced in two equivalent ways, the first way when Z considered as a fuzzy F − locally convex topological vector space and the second one when Z defined as a complete fuzzy topological vector space whose fuzzy topology generated by a countable separating collection of fuzzy seminorms. Moreover, many classes of continuous mappings between these spaces are established and specified that the class of continuous, strongly continuous and sequentially continuous mappings between these spaces are equivalent.
Annihilator large-superfluous submodules
Authors: Abbas M. S.
Published: March 2021

In this paper, we investigate certain class of submodules which contains that of superfluous submodules. A submodule W of an R-module M is annihilator large-superfluous, if ℓS(V) ≠ 0 implies that W + V ≠ M where V is a large in M and S = End R(M). Several properties and characterizations of such submodules are consider. For α∈ S, we study under what conditions the image of α, Im(α) being annihilator large – superfluous submodule in M. We show that WS(M) = { α∈ S │Im(α) is annihilator large-superfluous in M } equal to { α∈ S │ lm(α) is large-superfluous } under certain class of projectivity. The sum ER (M) of all such submodules of M contains Je(M) and Zs(M). If M is cyclic, then ER(M) is the unique largest annihilator large-superfluous in M. MSC (2010): Primary: 16010; Secondary 16080.
Robust Encryption System Based Watermarking Theory by Using Chaotic Algorithms: A Reviewer Paper
Authors: Al-Asady Heba Abdul-Jaleel , Al-Thahab Osama Qasim Jumah , Hreshee Saad S
Published: March 2021

In the previous decade, the mixing between chaotic supposition and cryptography frames considers a significant field of data security. Chaos-based image encryption is given a lot of attention in the exploration of data security moreover a great deal of picture encrypting calculations have been proposed concerning chaotic maps. Because of some inveterate highlights of media like information limit and high information excess, the encryption of images not quite the same as that of texts; accordingly it is hard to deal with them by conventional encryption strategies. This paper presents a short review of robust digital watermarking systems that used chaotic algorithms such as Logistic, Tent, Baker, Hyper, Fibonacci, and Arnold maps for encryption of the data presented in several years.
An Analysis of Multiple Variance for The Multivariate Split-Block Design
Authors: Razzaq Swadi Khawla Abdul
Published: March 2021

This paper studies an important type of multi-factor experiments designs called (Split-Blocks experiment Design). And we’re going to use the orthogonal matrix to convert the observation matrix. Also, we study the analysis of variance for the Multivariate split-Blocks design. And we discuss the test statistics for Lawley-Hotelling test, Roy’s Union-Intersection test and Walks, Lambda test.
A New Version of the Exponentiated Burr X distribution
Authors: Ahmed Mohammed T. , Khaleel Mundher A. , Oguntunde Pelumi E. , Abdal-Hammed Moudher Kh.
Published: March 2021

A new version of the Exponentiated Burr X (EBX) distribution was introduced and studied in this paper. The method of Nadarajah and Kotz (2006) that was based on Gupta et al., (1998) proposition was used. Mathematical and statistical properties of the EBX distribution such as the limit behaviour, quantile function, moments, moment generating function, entropy and order statistics were explicitly derived. Further, the maximum likelihood estimators of the model parameters were obtained. These estimators were employed in a simulation study using varying sample sizes and true parameter values to assess the performance of this distribution. Application to real data set shows that the EBX distribution has a good model fitting capacity using several selection statistical criteria
Petrophysical Properties of Euphrates, Bajwan, Jribe and Dihban Formations at Iraqi Gas Reservoir, in the north of Iraq
Authors: Taha AlKanaani Nuhad Abdul_Sada
Published: March 2021

Petrophysical Properties of Euphrates, Bajwan, Jribe, and Dihban Formations at Iraqi Gas Reservoir is distinguished from data interpretation of Open Hole Logs recorded in the field. A calculations were made for the total porosity (effective), secondary porosity, volume of shale and hydrocarbon saturation, water saturation (both moveable and non-movable in invaded zone and non-invaded zone beside). Some Interpretation and cross plots are done by Interactive Petrophysics (IP) software. The Interpretation also includes determination of Volume of Clay and Saturation of Water (Sw) by different Methods. It is concluded that dihban is cap rock, while the formations have good reservoir characteristics as it provided from log analysis.
Micro-generalized Pre-minimal closed sets in Micro-topological spaces
Authors: Mohsen Saja S.
Published: March 2021

A desired outcome in this notepaper is to describe exactly the definitions and devotion study in a new category of things having some property of sets named micro-generalized pre-closed and micro-generalized pre-minimal closed in micro-topological spaces. Some fundamental properties of Micro-generalized pre-closed sets and micro-generalized pre-minimal closed are also researched.
Computation Offloading in the Internet of Connected Vehicles: A Systematic Literature Survey
Authors: Abdullah Dhuha Basheer , Mohammed Hesham Hashim
Published: March 2021

Nowadays, there is a rapid development in vehicles world. Vehicles are equipped with smart systems as well as infotainment applications. But such systems consume vehicles’ computation or storage capacity. However, when the vehicle encounters a computation and/storage hungery applications or near real time applications that need high Quality of experience (QoE), it must offload it, either partially or entirely, to a more powerful and resourceful entity. At the beginnings this entity was a remote cloud. Although clouds are powerful in terms of computation and storage capacities, the process of task offloading to a remote cloud consumes the network bandwidth, which is not suitable to delay sensitive applications. As a solution, researchers propose to use cloudlets as third entity closer to the network edge. This will make the offloading much faster, but unfortunately due to the fact that cloudlets less computation and storage capacity than clouds, offloading will cause resource starvation. These factors motivate the appearance of Vehicular Cloud Computing (VCC). VCC proposes collecting the on-board units of multiple vehicles to form an on-ground cloud. This allows vehicles to offload their computational task to other vehicles in the vicinity. In this paper, we first provide a summery on concepts that are related to edge computing and task offloading process, and then we review a set of papers that use different approaches to execute computation offloading and scheduling.
The Entropy Transformed Rayleigh Distribution: Properties and Applications
Authors: Wahid Aziz Ahmed Abdul , Husain Qasim N. , Ahmed Mohamed T.
Published: March 2021

In this paper, we introduce a new one-parameter continuous model, called the T-Rayleigh distribution which is obtained by applying transform of entropy, the new function was investigated and found to meet the conditions of the probability function. Some mathematical properties of this distribution, such as density function, cumulative function, moments, moment generating function, mode, median, skewness, kurtosis, Shannon and Renyi entropy are derived. The model parameter is estimated by the maximum likelihood method. Finally, we illustrated the importance of this model by the means of three different real data sets, we conclude that the new model performs better than the original Rayleigh distribution, via the three applications.
Anti-Corrosive Substance as Green Inhibitor for Carbon Steel in Saline and Acidic Media
Authors: Al-Mashhadani Haider Abdulkareem , Alshujery Mohannd Kadhim , Khazaal Fatma A. , Salman Ali M. , Kadhim Mustafa M. , Abbas Zaid M. , Farag Sajad K. , Hussien Hasan Fadhil
Published: March 2021

Ficus (FIC) leaf extract used as corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel alloy (C.S) in two corrosive environments (saline and acidic) with four concentrations (1, 2, 3 and 4 ppm) at varied temperature range between (298-328 K) using electrochemical polarization measurements. The importance of this work focused on the use the green chemistry that is far from the chemical materials effect. The results of polarization presented the FIC inhibitor consider a mixed type (anodic and cathodic) inhibitor. Tafel curve used to evaluate the corrosion inhibition activity. In a saline medium, the best inhibitor efficiency reaches to (87%) in 2 ppm and IE% reach to (99%) for HCl medium inhibited by 1ppm. Langmuir isotherm obeys the study by thermodynamic parameters and confirms the physical adsorption.
Environment-Induced Effects on The Nonlinear Refractive Index of Methyl Orange at Different Spectral Regions
Authors: Majeed Hassan A. , Sharba Ahmed. B.
Published: March 2021

The current study investigates the effects of solvent on the linear absorption and nonlinear refraction n

2
of Methyl orange dye at different spectral regions. The study shows that the effects of the solvent depend on the excitation wavelength. The peak value of the dye absorbance is similar in water and ethanol. However, the properties of water lead to shift the absorption curve to the short wavelengths side. At wavelengths located outside the resonance band, the dye dissolved in ethanol shows almost identical nonlinear response. This response is lower than that at wavelength within the resonance band. The behaviour of the dye is different in water where n

2
is maximum at short wavelength (405 nm) and decreases at longer wavelengths (473 and 532 nm). Water induces dissimilar effects at different wavelengths. Increasing the polarity of water by adding large amounts of NaCl does not clearly affect the absorbance or the nonlinear refraction of the dye.
I - Convergence of Difference Double Sequence Space of Fuzzy Real Number Defined by Double Orlicz Function
Authors: Moussa Hasan Ali , Battor Ali Hussein
Published: March 2021

In this paper, we introduced I - Convergence of Difference Double Sequence Space of Fuzzy Real Number Defined by Double Orlicz Function and study different topological properties of these sequence space like solidity, symmetricity, etc. We also obtain some inclusion relations involving these sequence spaces.
Evaluation of Triple Integrals with Singular Partial Derivatives or Singular Integrands in both Ends of the Region of Integration by Numerically Method of Newton-Cotes Composite Formulas (MTS)
Authors: Kadhim Shubbar Adnan Waseel
Published: March 2021

The main aimof this research is evaluation thevalues of the triple dimension integrals numerically, when its integrands are either continuous with singular partial derivatives or singular in all ends of the region of integration. Through this derivation the errors (correction terms) to the numerically method (MTS) such that the letter S refer to Simpson’s rule on the dimension x and the letter T refer to Trapezoidal Rule on the dimension x and the letter M refer to Mid-point rule on the dimension z and to improve the results of the triple integrals weused Romberg’s accelerating method by depending on these correction terms that we found, andwe indicate this method by (RMTS), we can depend on it to calculate the triple integrals when its integrands singular or continuous with singular partial derivatives or singular in all ends of the region of integration and give higher accuracy inthe results by few sub intervals.
Resolution of Weyl module for two-rowed in the case (8,7) / (t, o) where t = 1, 2
Authors: Rida A. S. , Hassan H. R.
Published: March 2021

The main goal of this paper is to clarify and study the application of Weyl module and it’s resolution in the case of two-rowed. Which would be known by skew-partition (8,7) / (t,0) where t = 1,2 through using the contracting homotropy and the latter place algebra polarization.
Acousto-optic Design to Measure Glucose Level for Diabetic Patients Non-invasively
Authors: Bachache Lina Nasseer , Hasan Jamal A , Al-Neami Auns Qusai
Published: March 2021

Due to increasing numbers of diabetic patient and the dangerous of life threatening some cases that need a continuous monitoring of the glucose level. Recently the demand for a non-invasive system is raised. This study aims to design an optimized noninvasively acousto-optic monitoring glucose system device to limit the possibility of secondary risk that raised from infection of invasive blood sample or from glucose fluctuation due to fewer number of glucose checking. There is a great demand for painless, glucose sensitive and commercial equipment. The current design methodology depends on the liaison between the penetrated electromagnetic wave through tissue and glucose level based on acousto-optic interaction technique. We can exceed the complication of acousto-optic design for biological tissue testing practically, the complication are with light and sound penetration, heat generation, and others. This work study both of Raman-Nath and Bragg interaction methods of acousto-optic technique with their advantages and disadvantages, with the possibility to reach the optimization in sensing blood glucose.
Synthesis and study the liquid crystalline properties of new compounds containing 5-methyl-2,4-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one
Authors: Al-Obaidi Omar B. , Tomma Jumbad H.
Published: March 2021

The new compounds of pyrazolines were synthesized from the reaction of different acid hydrazide with ethylacetoacetate and ethanol under reflux. These compounds were obtained from many sequence reactions. The 4-acetyl-5-methyl-2,4-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one compounds synthesized from the reaction of 5-methyl-2,4-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one with acetyl chloride in calcium hydroxide and 1,4-dioxane. Finaly, Schiff bases were prepared via condensation reaction of products of mono- and tri ketone derivatives[IV]a, b with phenyl hydrazines as presented in (Scheme 1, 2). The synthesized compounds were identification by using FTIR, NMR and Mass spectroscopy (of some of them). The mesomorphic behaviour of these derivatives were examined under OPM. The compound [IV]a exhibited enantiotropic liquid crystal (Smectic A on heating and Nematic on cooling) while the compound [V]c showed Smectic A and nematic phases only on cooling (monotropic). Also the two compounds [V]a and [VI]b exhibited nematic mesophase on cooling. The compound [IV]b, [V]b, d and [VI]a, c, d did not show any mesomorphic properties.
Tribological behavior and microstructural characterization of austenitic stainless steel stabilized with Nb and V
Authors: Gharbi A. , Himour A. , Ghelloudj O. , Bouhamla K. , Abderrahmane S. , Chouchane T. , Ramoul C. E. , Berdjane D.
Published: March 2021

This study deals with the influence of the addition of vanadium and niobium with concentrations of 1.2% and 0.14%, respectively, on the variation of the microstructure, and the tribological behavior of an AISI309 austenitic stainless steel. The studied specimens were structurally characterized by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) X-ray diffraction and and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). These samples were also subjected to a tribological study using the friction wear test. The results show that the addition of vanadium and niobium causes a precipitation of stable carbides (VC, NbC) which in mm causes a decrease of the chromium carbide precipitation rate. Tribological test results have also shown that the addition of these two elements improves the wear resistance of AISI309 austenitic stainless steel by decreasing the coefficient of friction fr om 0.824 to 0.554.
A New Results of Injective Module with Divisible Property
Authors: Hammad Fawzi N. , Abed Majid Mohammed
Published: March 2021

In this paper, we will present a new result that clarify the relationship between divisible module and Injective module. But before starting to give the most important results, we need to present the following lemma with some basic definitions that help us reach the desired goal.
A Move Recent Review of The Integral Equations and Their Applications
Authors: Jaabar Sahar Muhsen , Hussain Ahmed Hadi
Published: March 2021

In many branches of pure analysis, Integral Equations are one of the most useful techniques, such as functional analysis theories and stochastic processes. It is one of the most significant branches of mathematical analysis, in many fields of mechanics and mathematical physics,. In this research, we will address the integral equations in many physical issues and their applications. They are also associated with mechanical vibration problems, analytic function theory, orthogonal systems, quadratic form theory of infinitely many variables.
Comparative Study on The Corrosion Behavior of High Strength Pipe Steel After Thermal and Thermomechanical Treatments
Authors: Berdjane D. , Maalem B. , Ghelloudj O. , Gharbi A. , Tairi L. , Djemili S.
Published: March 2021

The corrosion behaviour of X80 steel samples rolled and other quench-tempered in 3.5% NaCl have been studied. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, potentiodynamic polarization tests and electrochemical impedance measurements are the techniques used to characterize the samples. The results show that the tempered steel has a low corrosion current density compared to the rolled steel. The impedance measurements show the presence of a single capacitive loop attributed to the load transfer phenomenon.
Relational Database Watermarking Techniques: A Survey
Authors: Alqassab Asmaa , Alanezi Mafaz
Published: March 2021

While data is used in cooperative milieus for information extraction; Thus, it is vulnerable to security threats concerning ownership rights and data abusing. Due to unauthorized access to the data that may alter the originality, it results in significant losses of the organization. The relational databases which are free on-hand are used by research society for mining new information regarding their research works. These databases are vulnerable to security issues. The reliability of the data source must be authenticated before using it for any application purpose. Thus, to check the ownership and reliability of data, watermarking is applied to the data. Watermarking is used for the protection of the possession rights of shared Relational Data and for providing the solution for manipulating and tampering of data.
On Subclass of Meromorphic Analytic Functions Defined by a Differential Operator
Authors: Al-Khafaji Aqeel Ketab
Published: March 2021

In this work, using the differential operator and the concept of meromorephic analytic functions we introduce and investigate the class

Σ

β
,
λ

α
,
m

(
A
,
B
,
Y
,
β
)

, of functions of the form

f
(
z
)
=

z

−
1

+

∑

n
=
1

∞

a

n

z

n

,

a

n

≥
0

, which are analytic and meromorphic univalent in the punctured unit disk

U

*

=
{
z
∈
C
:
0
<

|

z

|

<
1
}

, satisfying

|

A

[
γ

z

2

(

D

β
,
λ

α
,
m

f
(
z
)
)

′
′
′

+
z
(
3
Υ
+
β
)

(

D

β
,
λ

α
,
m

f
(
z
)
)

′
′

+
(
Υ
+
β
)

(

D

β
,
λ

α
,
m

f
(
z
)
)

′

]

B

[
Υ
z

(

D

β
,
λ

α
,
m

f
(
z
)
)

′
′

+
(
Υ
+
β
)

(

D

β
,
λ

α
,
m

f
(
z
)
)

′

]

|

<
1

. Further, coefficient bounds, Hadamard product, radius of close to-convexity, inclusive properties and neighbourhoods of functions in our class are obtain.
Maximum Likelihood Estimation and Bayesian Estimation of three-parameter Weibull Distribution Based on Interval-Censored Data
Authors: Ameen Abdullah A. , Akkash Uday A.
Published: March 2021

The interval-censored data is that represents adjacent inspection times that surround an unknown failure time. This paper gives a review of the classical approach of the maximum likelihood estimating method to parameters of three-parameters Weibull distribution with interval-censored data. It also considers the Bayes’ estimators under asymmetric three loss functions squared error loss (SEL), linear-exponential (LINEX), and generalized entropy loss (GEL) functions. For the unknown parameters of three-parameters Weibull distributions with interval-censored data. We use Lindley’s approximation to compute the Bayes estimates. Then we will apply a Monte Carlo simulation study is carried out to compare the performances of the methods using the R programming language to compute and compare the performance of the proposed estimators. A real data application is also presented. The study observed that the Bayesian estimator under generalized entropy loss (GEL) functions is preferred over the classical maximum likelihood estimator for all parameters of scale, shape, and location.
Novel Methods to acceleration Simpson’s 3/8 Rule
Authors: Hassan Adel Mohamed , Aflook Salah Mahdi
Published: March 2021

The main goal of this report is to find new accelerations of Newton-Coates methods. Especially the Simpson 3/8, Boole’s and Weddle’s rules and use them to find numerical results for continuous integrations. The results are faster and more accurately. The error rate is less than previous methods. The derivation of new accelerated laws is trigonometric, hyperbolic and exponential for each of the Simpson 3/8, Boole’s and Weddle’s rules.
Gait and Full Body Movement Dataset of Autistic Children Classified by Rough Set Classifier
Authors: Al-Jubouri Ahmed A. , Ali Israa Hadi , Rajihy Yasen
Published: March 2021

Gait and body movement are a window to human brain which make these activities unique for each person. These activities are used to diagnose some disorders related to parts of brain which causes have not been known such as Autism Disorders (AD). The traditional diagnostic methods of AD are time-consuming and highly dependent on clinician’s judgment which is based on behaviour assessment. This approach leads to subjective interpretations that differ from doctor to another and affect by strengths and weaknesses of patient. Therefore this paper aims to diagnosis of AD based on gait and body movement analysis. At first, Kinect v2 uses to create a 3D dataset, which includes three dimensional joints positions, joints trajectories video, skeleton movement video captured by Kinect v2, and color videos captured by Samsung Note 9 camera. This paper also aims to classify children with autism from normal children by proposed system based on four stages: Augmentation of the database by using seven transformations to deal with small number of autism cases; Extracting features that we think play an important role in classification; Reducing data dimensions using Principal Component Analysis; using Rough Set to classify dataset. Results show that classification is 92% after augmentation.
ON Socale-Prime Submodules
Authors: Shahad Haithab Abood , Al-Muthafar Nuhad Salim
Published: March 2021

Let R be a commutative with non-zero identity, let A be a R-module. In this paper submodule H of an R-module A to be Soc-prime if whenever r ∈ R, a ∈ A with < a > ≤ Soc(A) and ra ∈ H then either a ∈ H or r ∈ [H: A]. We give a number of characterizations of Soc-prime submodules.
Common Fixed Points Results of Self-Mapping Satisfies Ĉλ Condition on N-Banach Spaces
Authors: Salman Enas Dawood , Jamil Zeana Zaki
Published: March 2021

In this paper, we proved the existence of common fixed point for a pair of self mappings satisfies (Ĉλ) condition, using iteration scheme to compute the common fixed points of two mappings which is one of Ishikawa type iteration scheme.
Electronic and Spectral Properties of (PMMA-C102) by Using DFT
Authors: Talib Zahraa Abbas , Najeeb Hussein Neama
Published: March 2021

In this research, the electronic and spectral properties of PMMA with coumarin dye were studied. The suggested compounds are designed at the Gauss View 5.0.8 program and then relaxed by performing the three parameters Lee-Yang-Parr B3LYP hybrid functional density functional theory DFT method together with SDD basis sets at the Gaussian 09 package of programs to study of their ground state and spectroscopic properties. The electronic properties study included the ionization potential, electronic affinity, hardness, and electrophilicity, while the spectral properties included studying the IR spectra of the suggested compounds.
IoT Based Smart Garbage Collection Using RFID Andsensors
Authors: Ranjana P. , Varsha S , Eliyas Sherin
Published: March 2021

Most of the places in India suffer from poor garbage disposal. In Indian cities due to the growth of population garbage disposal has become a challenging task for the municipality authority. Trashes are spread over the roads and vacant land in most of the places. This is due to disposal of garbage on the road instead of garbage bins. People are not able to dispose the garbage in garbage bin due to garbage overflow and not disposing the garbage frequently. If a city is aiming for smart city then it has to maintain the hygienic condition of the city, if garbage is not disposed properly then it becomes a crucial health issues since maintaining hygiene becomes a challenging task. So to overcome this and to maintain the garbage system the dust bins are attached with sensors and the data collected through the sensors are sent to the corporation office control room. This is enabled used a wireless communication technology. The level of the garbage is supervised using an Graphical user Interface which is integrated with the Android application. The dust bin location is traced with a help of GPS enabled in the garbage bin. The location of dustbin information is also tracked using the GPS system integrated with the garbage bin. If these devices are integrated then it will enable to reduced the overall time in tracking and disposing the dustbin on time, thus the dustbin in regularly monitored. The bin is attached with RFID reader, load cell, gas sensors, and humidity sensors. The bin is operated based on the RFID reader and sensors which opens the bin according to the dry and wet waste. The RFID tag is given to the public. The public needs to display the RFID tag to throw the trash in to the dustbin. The person who is throwing the maximum number of garbage is rewarded with points. The weight of the garbage thrown by the user is calculated by the load cell placed in the dustbin. By this way we can avoid the public throwing the garbage on streets. The humidity sensor is placed to separate the wet and dry waste. Thus it helps in the disposal of the garbage and avoid in spreading of diseases due to the trashes spread across the streets.
Design of Modified Counter based PWM generator for closed-loop DC-DC Voltage Regulation
Authors: Prathap Joseph Anthony , Shanmugasundaram Ravivarman , Kranthi Kiran Reddy M. , Harika K.
Published: March 2021

This paper proposes the design of a novel Modified Counter based Digital Pulse Width Modulation generator to analyze the performance of the closed-loop DC-DC buck converter. The closed-loop DC-DC buck Converter uses the Proportional Integral controller to regularize the output voltage and the bio-inspired algorithms namely Particle Swarm Optimization and Ant Colony Optimization are considered for the generation of the optimal values for the PI gains namely KP and KI. Conventionally, the switching of the buck converter is controlled by the PWM signals that exhibit complexity in design. The updated Digital Pulse Width Modulation techniques were suitable for voltage regulation at the cost of high clock frequency requirement, increase in the design area for real implementation, and the trade-off between the switching frequency and the component size of the buck converter. To overcome these, the modified Counter based Digital Pulse width modulation that generates the high switching frequency DPWM is developed in HDL. Then the proposed technique is validated in the closed-loop PI-based DC-DC buck converter using the System Generator MATLAB SIMULINK. To regularize the voltage output, the PI controller is included along with the optimization algorithms such as Particle Swarm Optimization and Ant Colony Optimization to optimize the PI gains. The time transient analysis of the proposed method exhibits improvement in the ACO based design compared to the PSO based method. The power and area are manipulated by using the Cadence and Xilinx tools
Voltage Sag Mitigation in PV Boot-Strap Converter Inverter System
Authors: Jyothi Kesa , Ravikishore D. , Jain H.S.
Published: March 2021

This-effort displays an idea to straightforwardly mitigate sag in PV-Inverter system. ‘This effort deals with designing, modeling &comparison of PV fed Bootstrap converter and three phase inverter (PVBSCTPI) system with and without LVRT (Low voltage ride through). Here, PV is utilized as a source.„_The-Simulink-models for-PVBSCTPI with and without LVRT have been-developed using the-elements of Simulink&-investigations are executed. The outcomes are compared-in terms-of output voltage, Real & Reactive power. The outcomes represent that voltage sag of PVBSCTPI system is mitigated using a DVR. The improved performance-in terms-of voltage has been obtained with LVRT based - PVBSCTPI system. The output voltage and power are found to be higher with LVRT.
The what, why, and how of changing cooling energy consumption in India’s urban households
Authors: Khosla Radhika , Agarwal Anna , Sircar Neelanjan , Chatterjee Deepaboli
Published: March 2021

India’s urbanising middle class is at the brink of an unprecedented increase in residential cooling demand, yet little is understood about the dynamics of changing cooling consumption. Based on empirical analyses, this research examines a set of fundamental questions around India’s cooling transition. How is cooling conceptualised and what cooling strategies do households use? How, when and why are people purchasing and using their air conditioners (ACs)? Who is buying energy-efficient ACs? Is cooling consumption gendered? Using descriptive statistics, machine learning, and regression analysis to characterize AC usage, we examine a sample dataset (n = 2092) that is representative of areas in Delhi with above average AC penetration. We unpack perceptions of thermal comfort, and characterize the conditions under which households have greater AC use and make energy efficient purchase choices. AC usage is found to be a function of household habits (such as exposure to ACs in the workplace or schools), structural factors, and socio demographic features. While most ACs are in the middle energy-efficiency range, preferences, behaviours and awareness around energy efficiency are found to affect AC use as well as influence the purchase of more efficient ACs. Notable gender differences are observed, and women are found to be less involved in decision-making around cooling appliances and less aware of the technical know-how or energy-efficient schemes. Policy recommendations for a low-carbon cooling trajectory are discussed.
Local number variances and hyperuniformity of the Heisenberg family of determinantal point processes
Authors: Matsui Takato , Katori Makoto , Shirai Tomoyuki
Published: March 2021

The bulk scaling limit of eigenvalue distribution on the complex plane

C

of the complex Ginibre random matrices provides a determinantal point process (DPP). This point process is a typical example of disordered hyperuniform system characterized by an anomalous suppression of large-scale density fluctuations. As extensions of the Ginibre DPP, we consider a family of DPPs defined on the D-dimensional complex spaces

C

,

D
∈
N

, in which the Ginibre DPP is realized when D = 1. This one-parameter family (

D
∈
N

) of DPPs is called the Heisenberg family, since the correlation kernels are identified with the Szegő kernels for the reduced Heisenberg group. For each D, using the modified Bessel functions, an exact and useful expression is shown for the local number variance of points included in a ball with radius R in

R

2
D

≃

C

D

. We prove that any DPP in the Heisenberg family is in the hyperuniform state of class I, in the sense that the number variance behaves as R
2D−1 as R → ∞. Our exact results provide asymptotic expansions of the number variances in large R.
Rice yield estimation in An Giang province, the Vietnamese Mekong Delta using Sentinel-1 radar remote sensing data
Authors: Hoang-Phi P , Nguyen-Kim T , Nguyen-Van-Anh V , Lam-Dao N , Le-Van T , Pham-Duy T
Published: March 2021

Rice production in Vietnam has been developing rapidly and sustainably in recent years, contributing to ensuring national food security. However, it is facing the effect of climate change, sea-level rise, salinity intrusion, drought, and flood which threatens food production, especially in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. For this reason, building a tool that allows estimating rice yield is necessary. SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) remote sensing data from Sentinel-1 satellites is provided by European Space Agency (ESA) with no cost, large coverage, and high spatio-temporal resolution, which has the advantage of observation in cloudy, foggy, rainy weather and independent of solar radiation. Therefore, this data is suitable for rice monitoring in countries with tropical monsoon climate like Vietnam. This paper presents the results of estimating the Winter-Spring rice yield in 2018 by using multitemporal Sentinel-1 data with C-band. The estimated rice yield was compared with the in-situ yield, which shows that the average values of the samples of estimated and surveyed yield were equivalent with 6.5 ton/ha and 6.6 ton/ha respectively, and the standard deviation between the estimated and surveyed yield was 0.80 ton/ha. The results demonstrate the applicability of the multitemporal SAR Sentinel-1 data for estimating rice yield in the study area, An Giang province, the Vietnamese Mekong Delta.
The influence of satellite image spatial resolution on mapping land use/land cover: a case study of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen-Van-Anh V , Hoang-Phi P , Nguyen-Kim T , Lam-Dao N , Vu TT
Published: March 2021

Different spatial resolutions of optical satellite imagery provide different details in land use/land cover (LULC) mapping. Therefore, it is essential to decide the appropriate classification system for specific spatial resolution. This study used the same classification system to extract land use/land cover for District 2 and District7 of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam in 2018 from two different spatial resolutions, Sentinel-2 (10 m) and VNREDSat-1 (2.5 m), images. Using the same set of ground truth data, the accuracy of the classified maps was assessed to select the right image for the study area corresponding to the given classification system. The outcomes revealed that both optical satellite images produced high overall accuracy (83% for Sentinel-2 images and 86% for VNREDSat-1 images) on the same classification system. It is easier to classify the cropland, grassland, roads, and industrial zones with VNREDSat-1 image whereas perennials, bare land, and aquaculture were easily classified with Sentinel-2 due to their homogeneity at a lower spatial resolution. This shows the importance of choosing the right spatial resolution following the requirements of the classification system.
Rapid determination of mixed soil and biochar properties using a shortwave near infrared spectroscopy approach
Authors: Darusman D , Juwita I R , Munawar A A , Zainabun Z , Zulfahrizal Z
Published: March 2021

Presented study aimed to apply the near infrared spectroscopy approach in determining some related properties of soil mixed by biochars. Spectra data of soil samples were acquired using a self-developed NIRS instrument (PSD NIRS i16) in shortwave near infrared (SW-NIRS) range from 1000 to 1750 nm with optical gain 4x and co-added of 32 scans per acquisitions. Spectra data were corrected and enhanced using mean centering and peak normalization. Multivariate analysis namely principal component regression (PCR) were employed to develop NIRS based models followed with leverage validation. The results showed that mixed soil samples with biochar properties (K and N) can be determined simultaneously with maximum correlation coefficient are 0.86 and 0.77 for K and N respectively. Based on this obtained performance, it may conclude that SW-NIRS approach can be applied to determine related properties of mixed soil biochar samples rapidly.
Screening of biological control agent fungi against peanut stem rot (Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.) in the peatlands of Kuala Pesisir Nagan Raya, Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Subandar I , Hakim L , Suliansyah I , Syakur S
Published: March 2021

Peanut stem rot disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. is a problem that needs special attention in peatlands. Peatlands that are wet, acidic and contain high organic matter should be able to support and increase the pathogenicity of S. rolfsii. However, this is not the case for the peatlands of Kuala Pesisir Nagan Raya, have been other components cause these pathogens not to develop. Here we try to examine the biological elements, namely the existence of biological control agents from the fungal group, which generally like the same environmental conditions as pathogens. This study aims to obtain peat soil antagonistic fungi that can control S. rolfsii. This research was conducted in Kuala Pesisir, Nagan Raya Regency, Aceh, Indonesia. Research activities include isolation, morphological identification, pathogenicity testing, antagonist testing, and molecular identification. The results obtained 46 fungal colonies from three sources, namely weed rhizosphere around peanut farming, peanut rhizosphere, and groundnut roots. The results showed that there were antagonistic fungi that could suppress S. rolfsii, namely Trichoderma asperellum.
Removal of methylene blue from water using sugar palm agro industry waste adsorbent
Authors: Hakim H M A , Supartono W
Published: March 2021

This research was batch experiment conducted using palm powder waste (SPPW) from the palm agro industry. Variables studied were initial of solution pH and SPPW dose. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were used for equilibrium analysis. For kinetics analysis, this study used Lagergren's pseudo-first-order kinetics model, Ho’s pseudo-second-order kinetics, ritchie and intraparticle diffusion. The study was found that the increase solution pH would increasing of adsorption capacity from 30.31 mg g-1 at pH 2 to 66.70 mg g-1 at pH 8. The dye removal was increase from 83% to 95% for the adsorbent dose from 0.5 gL-1 to 2 gL-1 while adsorption capacity was reduced from 66.70 to 19.01 mg g-1. The equilibrium studies well interpreted by the Freundlich and maximum adsorption capacity (qm) is 312.5 mg g-1. The kinetic studies found that the adsorption followed the pseudo second order.
Classification of Gayo Arabica coffee ethanol extract using FTIR-PCA
Authors: Akbar Z , Idroes R , Yusuf M , Karma T , Ginting B , Rahimah S , Idroes G M , Paristiowati M , Tallei T E
Published: March 2021

The classification of the bean and powder ethanol extracts of Gayo Arabica coffee has been carried out using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Coffee samples were obtained from 3 locations in Bener Meriah Regency, namely Pegasing, Celala, Jagong, and 3 locations in Aceh Tengah regency, namely Permata and Bandar and Wihpesam. Each extract was analyzed by FTIR at wavenumbers in the range of 4000 - 400 cm-1. The obtained FTIR spectra were identified by PCA. The results showed that only the PCA plot of coffee powder extract showed a grouping pattern based on the sample location, namely Bener Meriah and Aceh Tengah. This showed that the ethanol extract of coffee powder could be used as a reference in the classification of coffee samples using FTIR-PCA.
The effectiveness of rice flow in large-scale rice refineries in Bireuen Regency
Authors: Kasimin S , Desparita N , Zakiah
Published: March 2021

Effective rice supply chains are needed to continuously increase activity in customer service including fulfilment of demand, punctuality in delivery, and rate of return of goods by consumers for certain reasons (return). The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of rice supply chains in large-scale rice refineries in Bireuen Regency. The descriptive qualitative method was used to identify effectiveness of rice flow using the Food Supply Chain Networking (FSCN) framework. The results showed that the characteristics of the rice procurement process at large-scale rice refineries will be more efficient in producing and distributing rice if each party within the supply chain is a member of the procurement process, including farmers, collectors, wholesalers, and retailers. These parties should rely on a formal partnership contract so that the financial flow can be completed quickly to reduce late payments which are detrimental to the large- scale rice refineries in Bireuen Regency.