bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ultrasonic microbubble VEGF gene delivery improves angiogenesis of senescent endothelial progenitor cells
Authors: Lee Yi-Nan , Wu Yih-Jer , Lee Hsin-I. , Wang Hsueh-Hsiao , Chang Chiung-Yin , Tien Ting-Yi , Lin Chao-Feng , Su Cheng-Huang , Yeh Hung-I.
Published: June 2021

The therapeutic effects of ultrasonic microbubble transfection (UMT)-based vascular endothelial growth factor 165 (VEGF165) gene delivery on young and senescent endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) were investigated. By UMT, plasmid DNA (pDNA) can be delivered into both young EPCs and senescent EPCs. In the UMT groups, higher pDNA-derived protein expression was found in senescent EPCs than in young EPCs. Consistent with this finding, a higher intracellular level of pDNA copy number was detected in senescent EPCs, with a peak at the 2-h time point post UMT. Ultrasonic microbubble delivery with or without VEGF improved the angiogenic properties, including the proliferation and/or migration activities, of senescent EPCs. Supernatants from young and senescent EPCs subjected to UMT-mediated VEGF transfection enhanced the proliferation and migration of human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs), and the supernatant of senescent EPCs enhanced proliferation more strongly than the supernatant from young EPCs. In the UMT groups, the stronger enhancing effect of the supernatant from senescent cells on HAEC proliferation was consistent with the higher intracellular VEGF pDNA copy number and level of protein production per cell in the supernatant from senescent cells in comparison to the supernatant from young EPCs. Given that limitations for cell therapies are the inadequate number of transplanted cells and/or insufficient cell angiogenesis, these findings provide a foundation for enhancing the therapeutic angiogenic effect of cell therapy with senescent EPCs in ischaemic cardiovascular diseases.
The use of air-lift adsorber with a floating filling from a cross-linked chitosan hydrogels for Reactive Black 5 removal
Authors: Jóźwiak Tomasz , Filipkowska Urszula
Published: June 2021

This work substantially extends knowledge on the possibilities of treating colored industrial wastewater via sorption under flow conditions. The presented study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Reactive Black 5 (RB5) dye sorption from aqueous solutions under dynamic (flow) conditions in an unconventional air-lift type loop reactor with a filling made of hydrogel chitosan sorbents. The dye was removed from mono-component solutions (deionized water + RB5) and synthetic dyeing wastewater containing RB5 dye, NaCl (3 g/L), and an anti-creasing agent—UNICREASE JET (2 g/L). The sorbents tested in the study included: unmodified chitosan (CHs), chitosan ionically cross-linked with sodium citrate (CHs-CIT), and chitosan covalently cross-linked with epichlorohydrin (CHs-ECH). Each experimental series aimed to determine: the bed break-through time (CE = 0.1 C0), time of depletion of the sorbent’s sorption properties (CE = C0), and maximal sorption capacity of the sorbents (Qmax). The data obtained under dynamic conditions were described using Thomas, Yoon–Nelson, and Bohart–Adams models. The volume of the solution effectively treated in the air-lift reactor was significantly affected by chitosan sorbent type. At C0 = 50 mg RB5/L, the adsorber with the filling made of 1 g d.m. CHs allowed for the effective treatment of 4.6 L of synthetic wastewater (Qmax = 1504.7 mg/g), whereas CHs-ECH ensured 34.6 L of the treated solution (Qmax = 3212.9 mg/g).
Antioxidant and cytoprotective effects of Nigella sativa L. seeds on the testis of monosodium glutamate challenged rats
Authors: Abd-Elkareem Mahmoud , Abd El-Rahman Mokhless A. M. , Khalil Nasser S. Abou , Amer Ayman S.
Published: June 2021

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is one of the most widely spread food additives that might cause male infertility. However,NigellasativaL. seeds (NSS) could provide a solution. This study was designed to investigate the potential effects of NSS on rats ingesting MSG. To achieve this aim, adult male albino rats were randomly equally assigned into three groups for 21 days: control group received no treatment, MSG group received MSG as 30 g/kg feed, and MSG + NSS group received MSG as 30 g/kg and NSS as 30 g/kg feed. Testis histomorphometry showed marked deterioration by MSG as atrophic seminiferous tubules with degeneration of their lining cells, damaged Leydig cells and decreased germ cells number. Periodic Acid Schiff stain indicated irregular interrupted basement membranes. Glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), and caspase-3 immuno-expressions increased in testicular cells. Testosterone levels were significantly decreased in MSG challenged rats along with significant increase in luteinizing hormone levels, whereas NSS normalized this hormonal profile. MSG exposure also caused significantly increased lipid peroxides (LPO), glutathione-S-transferase, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) whereas nitric oxide and SOD2 were significantly decreased. NSS succeeded in rebalance LPO and TAC and ameliorated the histoarchitectural disturbances. NSS mitigated MSG-induced testicular impairment by its antioxidant and cytoprotective activities.
Pentraxin 3 is a stromally-derived biomarker for detection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Goulart Michelle R. , Watt Jennifer , Siddiqui Imran , Lawlor Rita T. , Imrali Ahmet , Hughes Christine , Saad Amina , ChinAleong Joanne , Hurt Chris , Cox Catrin , Salvia Roberto , Mantovani Alberto , Crnogorac-Jurcevic Tatjana , Mukherjee Somnath , Scarpa Aldo , Allavena Paola , Kocher Hemant M.
Published: June 2021

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), characterized by dense desmoplastic stroma laid down by pancreatic stellate cells (PSC), has no reliable diagnostic biomarkers for timely detection. A multi-center cohort of PDAC patients and controls (chronic pancreatitis, intra-ductal papillary neoplasms, gallstones and otherwise healthy) donated serum in an ethically approved manner. Serum PTX3 above 4.34 ng/mL has a higher sensitivity (86%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 65–97%) and specificity (86%, 95% CI: 79–91%), positive predictive value (97%) and likelihood ratio (6.05), and is superior when compared to serum CA19-9 and CEA for detection of PDAC. In vitro and ex vivo analyses of PTX3, in human PDAC samples, PSCs, cell lines and transgenic mouse model for PDAC, suggest that PTX3 originates from stromal cells, mainly PSC. In activated PSC, PTX3 secretion could be downregulated by rendering PSC quiescent using all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA). PTX3 organizes hyaluronan in conjunction with tumor necrosis factor-stimulated gene 6 (TSG-6) and facilitates stellate and cancer cell invasion. In SCALOP clinical trial (ISRCTN96169987) testing chemo-radiotherapy without stromal targeting, PTX3 had no prognostic or predictive role. However, in STARPAC clinical trial (NCT03307148), stromal modulation by ATRA even at first dose is accompanied with serum PTX3 response in patients who later go on to demonstrate disease control but not those in whom the disease progresses. PTX3 is a putative stromally-derived biomarker for PDAC which warrants further testing in prospective, larger, multi-center cohorts and within clinical trials targeting stroma.
Weakening of resistance force by cell–ECM interactions regulate cell migration directionality and pattern formation
Authors: Hagiwara Masaya , Maruyama Hisataka , Akiyama Masakazu , Koh Isabel , Arai Fumihito
Published: June 2021

Collective migration of epithelial cells is a fundamental process in multicellular pattern formation. As they expand their territory, cells are exposed to various physical forces generated by cell–cell interactions and the surrounding microenvironment. While the physical stress applied by neighbouring cells has been well studied, little is known about how the niches that surround cells are spatio-temporally remodelled to regulate collective cell migration and pattern formation. Here, we analysed how the spatio-temporally remodelled extracellular matrix (ECM) alters the resistance force exerted on cells so that the cells can expand their territory. Multiple microfabrication techniques, optical tweezers, as well as mathematical models were employed to prove the simultaneous construction and breakage of ECM during cellular movement, and to show that this modification of the surrounding environment can guide cellular movement. Furthermore, by artificially remodelling the microenvironment, we showed that the directionality of collective cell migration, as well as the three-dimensional branch pattern formation of lung epithelial cells, can be controlled. Our results thus confirm that active remodelling of cellular microenvironment modulates the physical forces exerted on cells by the ECM, which contributes to the directionality of collective cell migration and consequently, pattern formation.
Advancing equitable health and well-being across urban–rural sustainable infrastructure systems
Authors: Pearsall Hamil , Gutierrez-Velez Victor Hugo , Gilbert Melissa R. , Hoque Simi , Eakin Hallie , Brondizio Eduardo S. , Solecki William , Toran Laura , Baka Jennifer E. , Behm Jocelyn E. , Brelsford Christa , Hinrichs Clare , Henry Kevin A. , Mennis Jeremy , Roman Lara A. , Rosan Christina , South Eugenia C. , Valletta Rachel D.
Published: June 2021

Infrastructure systems have direct implications for how health and well-being evolve across urban–rural systems. Scientists, practitioners, and policy-makers use domain-specific methods and tools to characterize sectors of infrastructure, but these approaches do not capture the cascading effects across interrelated infrastructure and governance domains. We argue that the development and management of sustainable urban infrastructure must focus on interactions across urban and rural places to advance equitable health and well-being. We call for a research agenda that focuses on urban–rural infrastructure systems, addressing trade-offs and synergies, decision-making, institutional arrangements, and effective co-production of knowledge across the diverse places connected by infrastructure.
The development of a wash-free homogeneous immunoassay method for the detection of tetracycline in environmental samples
Authors: Li Yinjun , Wang Jiayu , Tian Yonghui , Huang Zhijun , Qian Cheng , Duan Yixiang
Published: June 2021

Detection of tetracycline in environmental samples based on wash-free competitive immunoassay.
The roles of different Bacteroides fragilis strains in protecting against DSS-induced ulcerative colitis and related functional genes
Authors: Wang Chen , Li Sijia , Hong Kan , Yu Leilei , Tian Fengwei , Zhao Jianxin , Zhang Hao , Chen Wei , Zhai Qixiao
Published: June 2021

The role of supplementation with different Bacteroides fragilis (B. fragilis) strains in alleviating ulcerative colitis (UC) is unclear due to the controversial results from animal experiments.
Metal cation s lone-pairs increase octahedral tilting instabilities in halide perovskites
Authors: Gao Lingyuan , Yadgarov Lena , Sharma Rituraj , Korobko Roman , McCall Kyle M. , Fabini Douglas H. , Stoumpos Constantinos C. , Kanatzidis Mercouri G. , Rappe Andrew M. , Yaffe Omer
Published: June 2021

Lone-pair covalency can faciliate dynamic tilting of MBr6 octahedra and increase dynamic structural instabilities.
Reducing non-radiative recombination energy loss via a fluorescence intensifier for efficient and stable ternary organic solar cells
Authors: Liu Xuan , Liu Yang , Ni Yongfeng , Fu Ping , Wang Xuchao , Yang Qing , Guo Xin , Li Can
Published: June 2021

A highly fluorescent molecule was introduced into ternary organic solar cells to enhance PL emission and EQEELvia the FRET to acceptor component, reducing non-radiative recombination energy loss and thus improving open-circuit voltage up to 41 mV.
Insights into the growth of nanoparticles in liquid polyol by thermal annealing
Authors: Chauvin Adrien , Sergievskaya Anastasiya , Fucikova Anna , Corrêa Cinthia Antunes , Vesely Jozef , Cornil Jérôme , Cornil David , Dopita Milan , Konstantinidis Stephanos
Published: June 2021

The abnormal growth of metal and metal-oxide nanoparticles under thermal treatment in a polyol solution is explained. The process also allows the catalysis of carbon dot formation and the reduction of copper oxide.
Self-assembly in biobased nanocomposites for multifunctionality and improved performance
Authors: Olson Emily , Liu Fei , Blisko Jonathan , Li Yifan , Tsyrenova Ayuna , Mort Rebecca , Vorst Keith , Curtzwiler Greg , Yong Xin , Jiang Shan
Published: June 2021

Biobased polymers can improve their performance and create new functionality through self-assembly of the nanoparticles into clusters, networks, and layered structures within the polymeric matrix.
Access to diverse primary, secondary, and tertiary amines via the merger of controllable cleavage of triazines and site-selective functionalization
Authors: Wang Yuhan , Zheng Huitao , Xu Jiajia , Zhuang Canzhan , Liu Xiang , Cao Hua
Published: June 2021

An efficient approach for divergent synthesis of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines via the merger of controllable cleavage of triazines and site-selective functionalization is disclosed.
Tuning the photocatalytic/electrocatalytic properties of MoS2/MoSe2 heterostructures by varying the weight ratios for enhanced wastewater treatment and hydrogen production
Authors: Monga Divya , Basu Soumen
Published: June 2021

The 2D/2D-MoS2/MoSe2 catalysts with good photocatalytic/electrocatalytic properties can be potential materials for wastewater treatment and hydrogen production.
Preparation and characterization of nanofibrous cellulose as solid polymer electrolyte for lithium-ion battery applications
Authors: Sabrina Qolby , Ratri Christin Rina , Hardiansyah Andri , Lestariningsih Titik , Subhan Achmad , Rifai Abdulloh , Yudianti Rike , Uyama Hiroshi
Published: June 2021

Nanofibrous cellulose as solid polymer electrolyte for lithium-ion battery applications.
Preparation and characterization of novel bionanocomposites based on garlic extract for preserving fresh Nile tilapia fish fillets
Authors: Youssef Ahmed. M. , El-Sayed Hoda S. , EL-Nagar Islam , El-Sayed Samah M.
Published: June 2021

In current work a new bionanocomposite based on carboxymethyl cellulose, Arabic gum and gelatin, incorporating garlic extract and TiO2 nanoparticles as an edible coating for preserving the fresh Nile tilapia fish fillets during cold storage.
Correlations between ligand field Δo, spin crossover T1/2 and redox potential Epa in a family of five dinuclear helicates
Authors: Singh Sandhya , Brooker Sally
Published: June 2021

Choice of non-coordinated diazole heteroatom in five robust triply bridged dinuclear helicates tunes Δo, spin crossover and redox potential. Regardless of fraction high spin (0–0.81), DOSY NMR confirms the helicates are intact in solution.
Electrical conductivity of beech sawdust using graphite catalytic coating: unlocking the microwave-assisted thermolysis efficiency of lignocellulosic biomass
Authors: Bouxin Florent P. , Fan Jiajun , Budarin Vitaliy L. , Clark James H.
Published: June 2021

Graphite catalytic coating of the wood sawdust is a step-improvement toward higher efficiency of the microwave-assisted pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass.
Highly luminescent InP–In(Zn)P/ZnSe/ZnS core/shell/shell colloidal quantum dots with tunable emissions synthesized based on growth-doping
Authors: Shen Cong , Zhu Yanqing , Li Zixiao , Li Jingling , Tao Hong , Zou Jianhua , Xu Xueqing , Xu Gang
Published: June 2021

InP–In(Zn)P/ZnSe/ZnS core/shell/shell quantum dots synthesized based on growth-doping.
A two-dimensional ferroelectric ferromagnetic half semiconductor in a VOF monolayer
Authors: Xu Shaowen , Jia Fanhao , Zhao Guodong , Wu Wei , Ren Wei
Published: June 2021

A stable 2D multiferroic VOF monolayer is proposed, in which ferroelectric and ferromagnetic orders coexist with a negative Poisson's ratio.
Spoken Word Learning in Children With Developmental Language Disorder or Dyslexia
Authors: Adlof Suzanne M. , Baron Lauren S. , Bell Bethany A. , Scoggins Joanna
Published: June 2021

Purpose

Word learning difficulties have been documented in multiple studies involving children with dyslexia and developmental language disorder (DLD; see also specific language impairment). However, no previous studies have directly contrasted word learning in these two frequently co-occurring disorders. We examined word learning in second-grade students with DLD-only and dyslexia-only as compared to each other, peers with both disorders (DLD + dyslexia), and peers with typical development. We hypothesized that children with dyslexia-only and DLD-only would show differences in word learning due to differences in their core language strengths and weaknesses.

Method

Children (
N
= 244) were taught eight novel pseudowords paired with unfamiliar objects. The teaching script included multiple exposures to the phonological form, the pictured object, a verbal semantic description of the object, and spaced retrieval practice opportunities. Word learning was assessed immediately after instruction with tasks requiring recall or recognition of the phonological and semantic information.

Results

Children with dyslexia-only performed significantly better on existing vocabulary measures than their peers with DLD-only. On experimental word learning measures, children in the dyslexia-only and DLD + dyslexia groups showed significantly poorer performance than typically developing children on all word learning tasks. Children with DLD-only differed significantly from the TD group on a single word learning task assessing verbal semantic recall.

Conclusions

Overall, results indicated that children with dyslexia display broad word learning difficulties extending beyond the phonological domain; however, this contrasted with their relatively strong performance on measures of existing vocabulary knowledge. More research is needed to understand relations between word learning abilities and overall vocabulary knowledge and how to close vocabulary gaps for children with both disorders.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.14832717
Stability and robust performance analysis of grid‐connected inverter with high‐order filter: Resonances beyond the Nyquist frequency
Authors: Koiwa Kenta , Kuribayashi Toru , Zanma Tadanao , Liu Kang‐Zhi , Natori Kenji , Sato Yukihiko
Published: June 2021

Filters are inevitable for grid‐connected inverters to attenuate the current harmonics caused by the pulse width modulation which is usually used in power conversion systems. High‐order filters have attracted much attention because they attenuate the current harmonics effectively. Nevertheless, the high‐order filters have some resonances which cause instability of the system. In addition, the resonance frequencies shift to high as the inductors and capacitors are smaller. It implies that the resonance frequencies may be beyond the Nyquist frequency in downsizing the filter. This complicates the stability and performance analyses of the system. This paper investigates rigorous input–output stability and analyses a robust performance based on the sampled‐data control theory regardless of whether the resonance frequencies are beyond the Nyquist frequency or not. Our analysis contributes to downsizing the filter synthesis while the stability and the robustness are guaranteed even if the resonance frequencies are beyond the Nyquist frequency. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified through simulations and experiments.
Design and implementation of three‐dimensional electrospinning machine
Authors: Pattanapiboon Werachai , Nakmahachalasint Paiboon
Published: June 2021

In this study, a three‐dimensional (3D) electrospinning machine is designed and implemented as a new type of delta 3D printer that incorporates the fabrication of textiles directly into the 3D printing process. The newly designed 3D machine enables custom‐shaped electrospun nanofibre sheets to be fabricated in a single process. The implemented prototype allows controllable nozzle movements in 3D space. Four design patterns are successfully fabricated using a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) solution at an 18% weight concentration. The microscopic properties of the electrospun patterns are verified via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to investigate the fibre morphology. The SEM image at 14.5 kV shows that the PVDF electrospun nanofibres appear smooth and uniform with varying diameters in the range of 700–400 nm.
Deep social force network for anomaly event detection
Authors: Yang Xingming , Wang Zhiming , Wu Kewei , Xie Zhao , Hou Jinkui
Published: June 2021

Anomaly event detection is vital in surveillance video analysis. However, how to learn the discriminative motion in the crowd scene is still not tackled. Here, a deep social force network by exploiting both social force extracting and deep motion coding is proposed. Given a grid of particles with velocity provided by the optical flow, the interaction force in the crowd scene is investigated and a social force module is embedded in a deep network. A deep motion convolution was further designed with a 3D (DMC‐3D) module. The DMC‐3D not only eliminates the noise motion in the crowd scene with a spatial encoder–decoder but also learns the 3D feature with a spatio‐temporal encoder. The deep social force coding is modelled with multiple features, in which each feature can describe specific anomaly motion. The experiments on UCF‐Crime and ShanghaiTech datasets demonstrate that our method can predict the temporal localization of anomaly events and outperform the state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Theoretical and numerical studies on multi‐physical issues of space parabolic membrane antennas
Authors: Li Ming‐Jian , Li Meng , Liu Yu‐Fei , Cui Cheng‐Bo
Published: June 2021

Front‐fed parabolic reflectors are among the most commonly used antennas in the industry. While in spaceborne applications, membrane reflectors are very promising due to their lightweight and foldable features. However, considering the large size, small thickness and low stiffness, solar radiation and microwave radiation will have considerable influences on the antennas’ shape accuracy as well as the radiation characteristics. In this article, a theoretical approach is presented to solve the multi‐physical effects of the parabolic antenna. The deformation of the reflector is derived by the shallow shell theory, taking into account the solar pressure, the microwave pressure and the thermal effects due to solar and microwave heating. The far‐field electromagnetic radiation pattern is then obtained by considering the deformation of the reflector. On the other hand, a numerical approach combining the finite element method, the multi‐level fast multipole method, and the large element physical optics is also presented. Numerical examples suggest good agreement between the theoretical and numerical results. The methods have been applied into the analysis of design models in the Space Solar Power Station project. Also, these approaches can be directly extended into other space membrane reflector antennas.
DC‐side current compensation control in the rectifier terminal for power variations in back‐to‐back converters
Authors: Jiang Yuxia , Tian Yanjun , Li Yonggang , Wang Fei
Published: June 2021

Back‐to‐back (BTB) converters, which consist of an AC/DC rectifier cascaded with a DC/AC inverter, have been widely adopted in the interconnection of power systems. The DC link, being the interface between the rectifier and inverter terminals, is susceptible to disturbances, particularly from power fluctuations. Regardless of the magnitude of power or changes in the power flow direction, stability degradation will occur. To lessen the influence of power, a DC‐link current compensation control scheme is proposed and applied to the rectifier terminal. The proposed scheme reduces the DC link impedance gain of the rectifier terminal to balance the impedance at both ends, and thus enhance stability and controllability. The scheme is applied to a BTB converter to improve the system's resistance to disturbance, regardless of variations in power magnitude or power flow direction. The accuracy of the theoretical analysis and the effectiveness of the proposed scheme are verified using simulations and a scaled‐down experimental setup.
Probing protoplanetary disk evolution in the Chamaeleon II region
Authors: Villenave M. , Ménard F. , Dent W. R. F. , Benisty M. , van der Plas G. , Williams J. P. , Ansdell M. , Ribas Á. , Caceres C. , Canovas H. , Cieza L. , Hales A. , Kamp I. , Pinte C. , Principe D. A. , Schreiber M. R.
Published: June 2021

Context. Characterizing the evolution of protoplanetary disks is necessary to improve our understanding of planet formation. Constraints on both dust and gas are needed to determine the dominant disk dissipation mechanisms.

Aims. We aim to compare the disk dust masses in the Chamaeleon II (Cha II) star-forming region with other regions with ages between 1 and 10 Myr.

Methods. We use ALMA band 6 observations (1.3 mm) to survey 29 protoplanetary disks in Cha II. Dust mass estimates are derived from the continuum data.

Results. Out of our initial sample of 29 disks, we detect 22 sources in the continuum, 10 in 12CO, 3 in 13CO, and none in C18O (J = 2−1). Additionally, we detect two companion candidates in the continuum and 12CO emission. Most disk dust masses are lower than 10 M⊕, assuming thermal emission from optically thin dust. Including non-detections, we derive a median dust mass of 4.5 ± 1.5 M⊕ from survival analysis. We compare consistent estimations of the distributions of the disk dust mass and the disk-to-stellar mass ratios in Cha II with six other low mass and isolated star-forming regions in the age range of 1–10 Myr: Upper Sco, CrA, IC 348, Cha I, Lupus, and Taurus. When comparing the dust-to-stellar mass ratio, we find that the masses of disks in Cha II are statistically different from those in Upper Sco and Taurus, and we confirm that disks in Upper Sco, the oldest region of the sample, are statistically less massive than in all other regions. Performing a second statistical test of the dust mass distributions from similar mass bins, we find no statistical differences between these regions and Cha II.

Conclusions. We interpret these trends, most simply, as a sign of decline in the disk dust masses with time or dust evolution. Different global initial conditions in star-forming regions may also play a role, but their impact on the properties of a disk population is difficult to isolate in star-forming regions lacking nearby massive stars.
Study of two interacting interplanetary coronal mass ejections encountered by Solar Orbiter during its first perihelion passage
Authors: Telloni D. , Scolini C. , Möstl C. , Zank G. P. , Zhao L.-L. , Weiss A. J. , Reiss M. A. , Laker R. , Perrone D. , Khotyaintsev Y. , Steinvall K. , Sorriso-Valvo L. , Horbury T. S. , Wimmer-Schweingruber R. F. , Bruno R. , D’Amicis R. , De Marco R. , Jagarlamudi V. K. , Carbone F. , Marino R. , Stangalini M. , Nakanotani M. , Adhikari L. , Liang H. , Woodham L. D. , Davies E. E. , Hietala H. , Perri S. , Gómez-Herrero R. , Rodríguez-Pacheco J. , Antonucci E. , Romoli M. , Fineschi S. , Maksimovic M. , Souček J. , Chust T. , Kretzschmar M. , Vecchio A. , Müller D. , Zouganelis I. , Winslow R. M. , Giordano S. , Mancuso S. , Susino R. , Ivanovski S. L. , Messerotti M. , O’Brien H. , Evans V. , Angelini V.
Published: June 2021

Context.Solar Orbiter, the new-generation mission dedicated to solar and heliospheric exploration, was successfully launched on February 10, 2020, 04:03 UTC from Cape Canaveral. During its first perihelion passage in June 2020, two successive interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs), propagating along the heliospheric current sheet (HCS), impacted the spacecraft.

Aims.This paper addresses the investigation of the ICMEs encountered by Solar Orbiter on June 7−8, 2020, from both an observational and a modeling perspective. The aim is to provide a full description of those events, their mutual interaction, and their coupling with the ambient solar wind and the HCS.

Methods.Data acquired by the MAG magnetometer, the Energetic Particle Detector suite, and the Radio and Plasma Waves instrument are used to provide information on the ICMEs’ magnetic topology configuration, their magnetic connectivity to the Sun, and insights into the heliospheric plasma environment where they travel, respectively. On the modeling side, the Heliospheric Upwind eXtrapolation model, the 3D COronal Rope Ejection technique, and the EUropean Heliospheric FORecasting Information Asset (EUHFORIA) tool are used to complement Solar Orbiter observations of the ambient solar wind and ICMEs, and to simulate the evolution and interaction of the ejecta in the inner heliosphere, respectively.

Results.Both data analysis and numerical simulations indicate that the passage of two distinct, dynamically and magnetically interacting (via magnetic reconnection processes) ICMEs at Solar Orbiter is a possible scenario, supported by the numerous similarities between EUHFORIA time series at Solar Orbiter and Solar Orbiter data.

Conclusions.The combination of in situ measurements and numerical simulations (together with remote sensing observations of the corona and inner heliosphere) will significantly lead to a deeper understanding of the physical processes occurring during the CME-CME interaction.
Magnetic-buoyancy-induced mixing in AGB stars: Fluorine nucleosynthesis at different metallicities
Authors: Vescovi D. , Cristallo S. , Palmerini S. , Abia C. , Busso M.
Published: June 2021

Asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars are considered to be among the most significant contributors to the fluorine budget in our Galaxy. While observations and theory agree at close-to-solar metallicity, stellar models at lower metallicities overestimate the fluorine production with respect to that of heavy elements. We present 19F nucleosynthesis results for a set of AGB models with different masses and metallicities in which magnetic buoyancy acts as the driving process for the formation of the 13C neutron source (the so-called 13C pocket). We find that 19F is mainly produced as a result of nucleosynthesis involving secondary 14N during convective thermal pulses, with a negligible contribution from the 14N present in the 13C pocket region. A large 19F production is thus prevented, resulting in lower fluorine surface abundances. As a consequence, AGB stellar models with mixing induced by magnetic buoyancy at the base of the convective envelope agree well with available fluorine spectroscopic measurements at low and close-to-solar metallicity.
Histogram Method for Determining the Location of the Internal Dump in Coal Open Pits
Authors: Selyukov Alexei , Gvozdkova Tatiana , Janocko Juraj
Published: June 2021

With the deepening of open pit mining, the volume of worked out space increases and, along with it, the potential capacity for storing overburden. At the same time, the pits completely allocated for the internal dumps are used only by the end of the period of the open pit operation. The known theoretical approaches to determining the location of the internal dump are little implemented in the practice of surface mining, which is explained by two reasons. First, standard design solutions are based on wellknown theoretical provisions; secondly, a formalized template approach to substantiating certain design developments in the field of dumping of internal dumps prevails, which pushes them towards their fragmentary rather than integrated implementation. With regard to the conditions of the Kuzbass open-pit mines, the article proposes a modernized interpretation for the formation of structural schemes of the sequence of quarry fields on the basis of constructive-and-parametric studies of a multivariate adaptation of the internal dumping mode.
Inspection of the Scene at the Initial Stage of the Investigation of Criminal Violations of Safety Rules during Mining
Authors: Sergeev Oleg , Safargalieva Olga , Volgin Yuriy
Published: June 2021

The article examines the features of tactics for inspecting the scene of the incident when investigating criminal violations of safety rules during mining. When observing the preparatory stage, special attention in the inspection of the scene is paid to the membership. In particular, we believe that when investigating criminal violations of safety rules in the conduct of mining operations, it is inappropriate to involve attesting witnesses in the inspection. At the same time, it is advisable to expand the circle of specialists involved in the inspection of the accident site (electricians, mine surveyors, etc.). A feature of the tactics of the working stage, in our opinion, is the use of an eccentric research method, regardless of the type of accident. At the same time, when directly searching for traces, carriers of information, moving from the center to the periphery, one should be guided, first of all, by the type of man-triggered incident. The final stage consists of the following: a) finalization of the results of the inspection of the scene of the accident (we recommend that forensic experts be involved in this work – if there are corpses, and specialists of technical profiles corresponding to the type of accident; b) putting forward versions about the essence of what happened, its reasons, the perpetrators and determining the direction of the investigation.
Correlation of Personnel Management, Sustainable Development of Coal Mining Region and its Financial Security
Authors: Kopein Valeri , Frolova Tamara , Filimonova Elena
Published: June 2021

The article examines the problems of sustainable social and economic development of the region of the mineral and raw material cluster associated with the search for the effectiveness of personnel management at the enterprise level. It is stated that under the conditions of economic turbulence, stagnation of production, sluggish growth of real income and wages, the issue of motivation and its connection with labor productivity becomes a major goal. A field study of personnel motivation was carried out and the results of an assessment of the management concept were obtained. It has been found that the main form of the motivational complex is the motivation model in which the external positive incentive of the personnel prevails over the external negative incentive which is greater than the internal motivation of the personnel. The conclusion is made that the motivation to labour exceeds the compulsion which is higher than the personal inclination to labour. In this case, the personal desire to effective work is low and subsequently it reduces labor productivity and increases staff turnover. The statement is justified that a decrease in the importance of external negative motives and (or) an increase in the importance of external positive incentives and internal incentives will lead to better motivation to work, which will contribute to an increase in labor productivity. In its turn, an enterprise with such attitude will be more resistant to external influences. It is concluded that this will stimulate the financial stability of the region in general and have a positive effect on financial security.
Current Parameters of Investments in the Mining Industry
Authors: Frolova Viktoriia , Samokhvalova Zhanna , Novikova Marina
Published: June 2021

The article presents some aspects of the research related to changes in the organization of various components that support the activities of mining companies. ESG factors, requirements, directions of impact are presented, recommendations for bringing companies in line with this concept are given. The key positions of investors when making investment decisions from the point of view of modern non-quantitative criteria are analyzed. The impact of digital transformation on the performance and investment attractiveness of mining companies has been established.
MDFEM: Multivariate decomposition finite element method for elliptic PDEs with lognormal diffusion coefficients using higher-order QMC and FEM
Authors: Nguyen Dong T. P. , Nuyens Dirk
Published: June 2021

We introduce the multivariate decomposition finite element method (MDFEM) for elliptic PDEs with lognormal diffusion coefficients, that is, when the diffusion coefficient has the form a = exp(Z) where Z is a Gaussian random field defined by an infinite series expansion Z(y) = ∑j≥1yjϕj with yj ~ N(0,1) and a given sequence of functions {ϕj}j≥1. We use the MDFEM to approximate the expected value of a linear functional of the solution of the PDE which is an infinite-dimensional integral over the parameter space. The proposed algorithm uses the multivariate decomposition method (MDM) to compute the infinite-dimensional integral by a decomposition into finite-dimensional integrals, which we resolve using quasi-Monte Carlo (QMC) methods, and for which we use the finite element method (FEM) to solve different instances of the PDE. We develop higher-order quasi-Monte Carlo rules for integration over the finite-dimensional Euclidean space with respect to the Gaussian distribution by use of a truncation strategy. By linear transformations of interlaced polynomial lattice rules from the unit cube to a multivariate box of the Euclidean space we achieve higher-order convergence rates for functions belonging to a class of anchored Gaussian Sobolev spaces while taking into account the truncation error. These cubature rules are then used in the MDFEM algorithm. Under appropriate conditions, the MDFEM achieves higher-order convergence rates in terms of error versus cost, i.e., to achieve an accuracy of O(ε) the computational cost is O(ε-1/λ-d′/λ)=O(ε-(p*+d′/τ)/(1-p*)) where ε−1/λ and ε−d′/λ) are respectively the cost of the quasi-Monte Carlo cubature and the finite element approximations, with d′= d (1+δ′) for some δ′ ≥ 0 and d the physical dimension, and 0<p*≤(2+d′/τ)-1 is a parameter representing the sparsity of {ϕj}j≥1.
Les mécanismes de régulation de la glycosylation
Authors: Groux-Degroote Sophie , Foulquier François , Cavdarli Sumeyye , Delannoy Philippe
Published: June 2021

La glycosylation est l’une des modifications essentielles des protéines et des lipides. Elle s’effectue principalement dans le réticulum endoplasmique et l’appareil de Golgi et fait appel à une machinerie moléculaire spécifique, associant plusieurs centaines de glycosyltransférases, de glycosidases, de transporteurs et de protéines régulatrices. Des modifications de la glycosylation sont retrouvées dans certaines maladies, notamment dans les cancers. Ces altérations peuvent affecter toutes les formes de glycosylation réticulaires et/ou golgiennes, et conduire à des dysfonctionnements du métabolisme cellulaire. Dans cette revue, nous présentons l’état actuel des connaissances des mécanismes de la glycosylation. Nous illustrerons, au travers d’exemples représentatifs, comment l’altération de certains de ces mécanismes de régulation peut affecter les différentes formes de glycosylation des protéines et des lipides et participer au développement des cancers.
Le virus de la fièvre de la vallée du Rift et son étonnante protéine NSs
Authors: Léger Psylvia , Lozach Pierre-Yves
Published: June 2021

Le virus de la fièvre de la vallée du Rift (VFVR) est un agent pathogène transmis à l’homme et au bétail par la piqûre de moustiques. Ce virus, découvert au Kenya en 1930, est considéré par l’Organisation mondiale de la santé comme présentant un risque important de provoquer de vastes épidémies. Les moyens dédiés à la lutte contre le VFVR restent toutefois particulièrement limités et le virus est mal connu. Dans cette Synthèse, nous nous attacherons à présenter ce virus avant de nous intéresser plus spécifiquement à son facteur de virulence, la protéine NSs. Nous discuterons la capacité de cette protéine virale à former des fibrilles de type amyloïde et son implication dans la neurotoxicité du virus chez les animaux infectés.
Numerical simulation of rigid particles in Stokes flow: lubrication correction for general shapes of particles
Authors: Lefebvre-Lepot Aline , Nabet Flore
Published: June 2021

We address the problem of numerical simulation of suspensions of rigid particles in a Stokes flow. We focus on the inclusion of the singular short range interaction effects (lubrication effects) in the simulations when the particles come close one to another. The problem is solved without introducing new hypothesis nor model. As in Lefebvre-Lepot et al. [J. Fluid Mech. 769 (2015) 369–386], the key idea is to decompose the velocity and pressure flows in a sum of a singular and a regular part. In this article, the singular part is computed using an explicit asymptotic expansion of the solution when the distance goes to zero. This expansion is similar to the asymptotic expansion proposed in Hillairet and Kelai [Asymptotic Anal. 95 (2015) 187–241] but is more appropriate for numerical simulations of suspensions. It can be computed for any locally convex (that is the particles have to be convex close to the contact point) and regular shape of particles. Using Hillairet and Kelai [Asymptotic Anal. 95 (2015) 187–241] as an intermediate result, we prove that the remaining part is regular in the sense that it is bounded independently of the distance. As a consequence, only a small number of degrees of freedom are necessary to obtain accurate results. The method is tested in dimension 2 for clusters of two or three aligned particles with general rigid velocities. We show that, as expected, the convergence is independent of the distance.
Rehabilitation nach Hüftendoprothese
Authors: Bork Hartmut , Gottfried Thomas , Greitemann Bernd
Published: June 2021

Operationsverfahren sowie Liegezeiten und Altersgrenzen haben sich in den letzten Jahren bei hüftendoprothetischer Versorgung geändert. Während sich Krankenhäuser immer mehr spezialisieren und Patienten teilweise bereits nach 3–4 Tagen in die Anschlussrehabilitation entlassen, muss die nachversorgende Rehabilitationsklinik einen differenzierten Behandlungspfad vorhalten, um den unterschiedlichen Anforderungen und Bedürfnissen zwischen Fast-Track-Chirurgie und Orthogeriatrie gerecht zu werden.
Rehabilitation nach Major-Amputation der unteren Extremität
Authors: Ranker Alexander , Eckhardt Isabelle
Published: June 2021

Amputationsrehabilitation ist eine Kernkompetenz in der Rehabilitationsmedizin. Sie zeigt mustergültig die nötige Teamarbeit in der PRM auf, sowohl interprofessionell (Orthopädietechniker, Physiotherapeuten, Ergotherapeuten, Psychologen, Ärzte, usw.) als auch medizinisch interdisziplinär (Rehabilitationsmedizin, Chirurgie, Angiologie, Diabetologie, usw.) sowie zwischen den Sektoren. Der Facharzt für PRM kann dabei sowohl Bindeglied zwischen allen Professionen und Disziplinen als auch selbst wichtiger Teil der ICF-orientierten Therapie der Patient/innen mit Major-Amputation der unteren Extremität sein. Ein grundlegendes Wissen zum Prothesenaufbau, Arten von Prothesenversorgungen, Amputationshöhen, spezifischer klinischer Parameter sowie typischer Komplikationen ist dabei essenziell.
RehaInnovativen oder Wie soll die Leistungsfähigkeit der medizinischen Rehabilitation in Deutschland langfristig gesichert werden?
Authors: Glaesener Jean-Jacques
Published: June 2021

Im Juni 2015 hat das Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales (BMAS) in Kooperation mit der Deutschen Vereinigung für Rehabilitation (DVfR) das Projekt „RehaInnovativen“ ins Leben gerufen. Es war die Intention, rechtzeitig und effizient den Herausforderungen zu begegnen, mit denen das System der medizinischen Rehabilitation zunehmend konfrontiert wird. Dabei wurden als Herausforderungen insbesondere der demografische Wandel, die Anpassung an eine sich kontinuierlich wandelnde Arbeitswelt und schließlich auch das sich verändernde Krankheits- und Behandlungsspektrum genannt.
Postoperative Dysphagieprävalenz bei Kopf-Hals-Tumorpatienten im akutstationären Setting
Authors: Goeze Almut , Zaretsky Eugen , Lehner Uta , Wermter Laura , Mayer Miriam , Stuck Boris A. , Birk Richard , Neff Andreas , Fisher Ingo , Stöver Timo , Kramer Sabine , Ghanaati Shahram , Sader Robert , Hey Christiane
Published: June 2021

Hintergrund Dysphagie bildet eine häufige postoperative Funktionsbeeinträchtigung bei Kopf-Hals-Tumorpatienten. Diese kann in Aspiration bzw. Penetration sowie Oralisierungseinschränkung resultieren und ist dadurch häufig versorgungsrelevant. In dieser Studie wurden die Prävalenz einer postoperativen Dysphagie und der Zusammenhang zwischen Ausprägungsgrad und Tumorstadium, Tumorlokalisation, Patientenalter und -geschlecht im akutstationären Setting untersucht.

Material und Methoden Prospektiv wurden 201 erwachsene Kopf-Hals-Tumorpatienten (Altersdurchschnitt 63 Jahre) in 2 Universitätskliniken hinsichtlich Penetration/Aspiration, Oralisierungseinschränkung und Versorgungsrelevanz direkt nach der operativen Tumorbehandlung via FEES untersucht. In uni- und multivariaten Berechnungen wurde zudem der Einfluss der o. g. Patientenmerkmale auf diese 3 Parameter analysiert.

Ergebnisse Eine versorgungsrelevante Schluckstörung bestand bei 66,7 % (134/201) der Patienten. 57,2 % der Patienten benötigten eine Nasogastral- oder PEG-Sonde bei therapierelevanter Oralisierungseinschränkung, weitere 45,3 % aspirierten, 38,5 % von diesen still. Als signifikante Einflussfaktoren erwiesen sich ein höheres Tumorstadium und Patientenalter sowie männliches Geschlecht, die Tumorlokalisation dagegen nur marginal.

Schlussfolgerungen Die Studienergebnisse demonstrieren die klinische Bedeutung und die Notwendigkeit der konsequenten und systematischen Versorgung postoperativer Schluckstörungen bei Kopf-Hals-Tumorpatienten im akutstationären Aufenthalt zur Komplettierung moderner onkologischer Therapie.
Outcomes of Fixed-Hinged Knee Prosthesis for Distal Femoral Osteosarcoma in Skeletally Immature Patients: First Results
Authors: Zhao Zhiqing , Yang Yi , Yan Taiqiang , Tang Xiaodong , Yang Rongli , Guo Wei
Published: June 2021

The best surgical choice for distal femur osteosarcoma in skeletally immature patients remains controversial. A fixed hinged knee prosthesis has been designed to preserve the growth plates in the adjacent tibia, expecting tibial growth to be continued. This study aims to report the (1) clinical outcomes after prosthetic replacement, (2) postoperative complications, and (3) length of discrepancy of the operative tibia with the unaffected tibia. Thirty-four skeletally immature patients (averaged 9 years at surgery; range, 5–12 years) with distal femoral osteosarcoma underwent placement of this hinged knee prosthesis between January 2015 and August 2018. Postoperative function and complications were assessed. Length discrepancy was measured using a series of full-length standing anteroposterior radiographs of the bilateral lower extremity. The average follow-up duration was 34 months (2.8 years). In the last follow-up, four patients expired because of pulmonary metastasis. Two patients presented with local recurrence of the soft tissue. Postoperatively, the flexion range of the knee joint range was between 100 and 130 degrees, with an average of 115.2 degrees. The mean functional score of living patients evaluated using the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society scoring system was 89.2% (range, 76.7–100%). Types 1 (three patients), 2 (one patient), 3 (two patients), and 5 (two patients) complications exist. Among them, three patients received revision surgery. The proximal tibial physis still grew after surgery, with an average of 74.3% (range, 30–100%) growth potential compared with the unaffected proximal tibial physis. Moreover, 27 children exhibited tibial length discrepancy compared with the contralateral tibia, and the mean discrepancy in tibial length was 1.1 cm (range, 0.2–3.1 cm). This hinged knee prosthesis can keep the growth potential in the adjacent tibia, provides satisfying functional outcomes, and has a lower postoperative complication rate. Thus, it could serve as an alternative intervention for distal femoral osteosarcoma in skeletally immature patients.