bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Joaquín Edwards Bello: “Yo me comí la revolución con todos mis sentidos”
Authors: Antelo Raúl
Published: March 2022

En vísperas de la Primera Guerra Mundial, el arte impugnó valores políticos y sociales. Esa subversión de cualquier autoridad otorgó a muchas escenas artísticas un tono dominantemente anarquista que se manifiesta en cada obra. La escena de Edwards Bello es la Revuelta del Latigazo, un motín naval que él presenció en Rio de Janeiro (1910).
La escucha como modo de habitar el campo cultural. A propósito de María Moreno y Pedro Lemebel
Authors: Adagio Julieta Viú
Published: March 2022

Hay una marca distintiva en la crónica contemporánea que provoca un quiebre en la historia del género. Ciertos cronistas que valoran la escucha se afirman ante la cultura por lo que han oído. Este posicionamiento que cobra particular relieve en Pedro Lemebel y María Moreno discute la legitimidad de la lectura como herramienta privilegiada de conocimiento. La priorización de lo auditivo sobre lo visual, configura un saber antiacadémico y la representación subjetiva “yo escucho”, al disputar la hegemonía de la letra escrita, materializa desvíos de la norma letrada.
Uma adaptação teatral do romance Chão dos Lobos, de Dalcídio Jurandir
Authors: Bolle Willi
Published: March 2022

Este roteiro cênico é um dos resultados da oficina teatral que realizei entre 2009 e 2014 com um grupo de professores e alunos de uma escola pública de ensino médio no bairro de Terra Firme, na periferia de Belém. Elaboramos roteiros cênicos e realizamos apresentações teatrais dos cinco romances do escritor paraense Dalcídio Jurandir, que têm como cenário os subúrbios de Belém: de Passagem dos Inocentes (1963) até Chão dos Lobos (1976). Este romance narra a vida do jovem Alfredo na favela “Não-Se-Assuste”, que é propriedade de latifundiários: os Lobos. Na nossa adaptação teatral condensamos o conteúdo deste romance de 300 páginas em dez cenas, num total de 15 páginas. Apresentamos os diálogos de Alfredo com os moradores da favela, seus contatos com festas populares, sua viagem-fuga ao Rio de Janeiro e sua volta à periferia de Belém. Com este romance e os quatro anteriores, Dalcídio Jurandir superou a forma tradicional de representação da Amazônia nos moldes do regionalismo. Ele tornou-se precursor de uma nova visão, que é global e apresenta a periferia de Belém como um caso paradigmático do nosso mundo atual, que foi denominado com muita propriedade pelo urbanista e historiador Mike Davis de Planeta Favela (2006).
O fictício literário amazônico: imaginário, realidades e literatura
Authors: Maltez Juliano Fabrício de Oliveira , Volcean Tamiris Tinti , Ferreira Rafael Rodrigo
Published: March 2022

Editorial da Revista Opiniães de número 19.
Evidence-Based Process Performance Measures and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Incident Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction: A Danish Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Schjødt Inge , Johnsen Søren P. , Strömberg Anna , DeVore Adam D. , Valentin Jan B. , Løgstrup Brian B.
Published: March 2022

Background:

Data on the association between quality of heart failure (HF) care and outcomes among patients with incident HF are sparse. We examined the association between process performance measures and clinical outcomes in patients with incident HF with reduced ejection fraction.

Methods:

Patients with incident HF with reduced ejection fraction (n=10 966) between January 2008 and October 2015 were identified from the Danish HF Registry. Data from public registries were linked. Multivariable regression analyses were used to assess the association between 6 guideline-recommended HF care processes (New York Heart Association assessment, use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers, beta-blockers, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, exercise training, and patient education) and all-cause and HF readmission, all-cause and HF hospital days, and mortality within 3 to 12 months after HF diagnosis. The associations were analyzed according to the percentages of all relevant performance measures fulfilled for the individual patient (0%–50% [reference group], >50%–75%, and >75%–100%) and for the individual performance measures.

Results:

Fulfilling >75% to 100% of the performance measures (n=5341 [48.7%]) was associated with lower risk of all-cause readmission (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.68–0.89]) and HF readmission (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.71 [95% CI, 0.54–0.92]), lower use of all-cause hospital days (adjusted mean ratio, 0.73 [95% CI, 0.70–0.76]) and HF hospital days (adjusted mean ratio, 0.79 [95% CI, 0.70–0.89]), and lower mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.42 [95% CI, 0.32–0.53]). A dose-response relationship was observed between fulfilling more performance measures and mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.62 [95% CI, 0.49–0.77] fulfilling >50%–75% of the measures). Fulfilling individual performance measures, except mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist therapy, was associated with lower adjusted all-cause readmission, lower adjusted use of all-cause and HF hospital days, and lower adjusted mortality.

Conclusions:

Fulfilling more process performance measures was associated with better clinical outcomes in patients with incident HF with reduced ejection fraction.
NF-κB Signaling-Mediated Activation of WNK-SPAK-NKCC1 Cascade in Worsened Stroke Outcomes of Ang II–Hypertensive Mice
Authors: Bhuiyan Mohammad Iqbal H. , Young Cullen B. , Jahan Israt , Hasan Md Nabiul , Fischer Sydney , Meor Azlan Nur Farah , Liu Mingjun , Chattopadhyay Ansuman , Huang Huachen , Kahle Kristopher T. , Zhang Jinwei , Poloyac Samuel M. , Molyneaux Bradley J. , Straub Adam C. , Deng Xianming , Gomez Delphine , Sun Dandan
Published: March 2022

Background:

Worsened stroke outcomes with hypertension comorbidity are insensitive to blood pressure-lowering therapies. In an experimental stroke model with comorbid hypertension, we investigated causal roles of ang II (angiotensin II)–mediated stimulation of the brain WNK (with no lysine [K] kinases)-SPAK (STE20/SPS1-related proline/alanine-rich kinase)-NKCC1 (Na-K-Cl cotransporter) complex in worsened outcomes.

Methods:

Saline- or ang II–infused C57BL/6J male mice underwent stroke induced by permanent occlusion of the distal branches of the middle cerebral artery. Mice were randomly assigned to receive either vehicle dimethyl sulfoxide/PBS (2 mL/kg body weight/day, IP), a novel SPAK inhibitor, 5-chloro-N-(5-chloro-4-((4-chlorophenyl)(cyano)methyl)-2-methylphenyl)-2-hydroxybenzamide (ZT-1a‚ 5 mg/kg per day, IP) or a NF-κB (nuclear factor-κB) inhibitor TAT-NBD (transactivator of transcription-NEMO-binding domain‚ 20 mg/kg per day, IP). Activation of brain NF-κB and WNK-SPAK-NKCC1 cascade as well as ischemic stroke outcomes were examined.

Results:

Stroke triggered a 2- to 5-fold increase of WNK (isoforms 1, 2, 4), SPAK/OSR1 (oxidative stress-responsive kinase 1), and NKCC1 protein in the ang II–infused hypertensive mouse brains at 24 hours after stroke, which was associated with increased nuclear translocation of phospho-NF-κB protein in the cortical neurons (a Pearson correlation r of 0.77,
P
<0.005). The upregulation of WNK-SPAK-NKCC1 cascade proteins resulted from increased NF-κB recruitment on
Wnk1, Wnk2, Wnk4, Spak
, and
Nkcc1
gene promoters and was attenuated by NF-κB inhibitor TAT-NBD. Poststroke administration of SPAK inhibitor ZT-1a significantly reduced WNK-SPAK-NKCC1 complex activation, brain lesion size, and neurological function deficits in the ang II–hypertensive mice without affecting blood pressure and cerebral blood flow.

Conclusions:

The ang II–induced stimulation of NF-κB transcriptional activity upregulates brain WNK-SPAK-NKCC1 cascade and contributes to worsened ischemic stroke outcomes, illustrating the brain WNK-SPAK-NKCC1 complex as a therapeutic target for stroke with comorbid hypertension.
Exploring Citizen Diplomacy’s Local Impact: The Case of Global Ties Kalamazoo
Authors: Popkova Anna
Published: March 2022

This article examines the local impact of citizen diplomacy through the case study of a volunteer-driven citizen diplomacy organisation Global Ties Kalamazoo (GTKzoo) based in Kalamazoo, Michigan (United States). Drawing on the data from 25 in-depth interviews with GTKzoo volunteers, this study demonstrates that citizen diplomats view citizen diplomacy as more authentic compared to traditional diplomacy. Representation as a key component of citizen diplomacy is also discussed, with GTKzoo volunteers struggling to reconcile their desire to ‘show the good parts of America’ with their understanding that ‘the good parts’ alone are not giving visitors a complete picture. This study also introduces two approaches to assessing the local impact of citizen diplomacy — instrumental and reflexive. The study concludes that the reflexive approach dominates citizen diplomats’ discussions as they focus on learning from the visitors, feeling inspired to be better community members, and seeing their local community through a more nuanced perspective.
Allegories of Light and Fire: Ignatian Effigies Painted on Copper
Authors: Zierholz Steffen
Published: March 2022

This article examines two small portraits of Ignatius of Loyola painted on copper between 1598 and 1622. Rather than focusing on the true likeness of the founder of the Jesuits, it sheds light on the neglected early history of the Ignatius-ignis pun, according to which his name is juxtaposed with the Latin word for fire. For this purpose, the article connects to the growing interest in the materiality of art. In contrast to traditional supports, the use of copper generates extraordinarily brilliant pictorial effects. This “magical” production of light plays, I argue, a crucial role in representing both Pedro Ribadeneyra’s account of Ignatius’s fiery physiology and Filippo Neri’s report concerning Ignatius’s supernatural splendor. However, the presence of light is no metaphor of the divine but is closely related to the contemporary physics and metaphysics of light. With Francesco Patrizi da Cherso in mind, the portraits can be construed as allegories of light and fire.
Scutellaria jishouensis (Lamiaceae), a new species from Hunan, China
Authors: TAN LU , XIANG XIAO-MEI , LIU BING , WANG ZHI-CHENG , ZHANG DAI-GUI , CHEN GONG-XI
Published: March 2022

A new species of Scutellaria (Lamiaceae), Scutellaria jishouensis G. X. Chen, L. Tan & X. M. Xiang, sp. nov from Dehang Scenic Spot, Hunan Province of China, is described and illustrated. Scutellaria jishouensis is morphologically similar to S. indica and S. calcarata, but can be easily distinguished by its creeping, spreading to erect or ascending-erect, stem with forked adventitious roots; leaves membranous, sparsely crenate or entire; racemes 1-10 cm, corolla sparsely pilose or glabrous on adaxial, glabrous inside, and flowering and fruiting in late April-June. Phylogenetic analyses, based on the nuclear ribosomal internal and external transcribed spacers, showed that S. jishouensis and S. calcarata were sister species with good support. The results of both morphological data and the phylogenetic analysis support the specific rank of S. jishouensis.
Polystichum jinpingense (subg. Haplopolystichum; Dryopteridaceae), a new fern from southeastern Yunnan, China
Authors: LIANG ZHEN-LONG , YU ZHI-YONG , CHEN WEN-HONG , TUNÇKOL BILGE , ZHANG LIANG , ZHANG LI-BING
Published: March 2022

A new fern species, Polystichum jinpingense, a member of P. subg. Haplopolystichum sect. Haplopolystichum, is described and illustrated from southeastern Yunnan, China. Polystichum jinpingense is most similar to P. subacutidens in plant size and having numerous pinnae, but the former has thinner (0.7–0.9 mm in diam.) rachis, oblong pinnae, pinna margins undulate, and pinna apex cuspidate, whereas the latter has thicker (1.1–1.4 mm in diam.) rachis, triangular pinnae, pinna margins serrate, and pinna apex acuminate. Polystichum jinpingense has an extremely narrow distribution and is classified as Critically Endangered (CR) following IUCN Red List Criteria.
Implementation of Mental Health Care Act, 2017: Issues and Way Forward
Authors: Vashist Ashutosh , Kukreti Ishita , Taneja Pawan Kumar
Published: March 2022

The Government of India preferred legislative lever of public policy over economic incentives, funding support, public awareness campaigns levers by enacting the Mental Health Care Act (MHCA) in the year 2017. MHCA 2017 mandates for mental healthcare and services for persons with mental illness and to protect, promote and fulfil the rights of such persons during delivery of mental healthcare and services. MHCA 2017 is supposed to bring socio-cultural and structural changes to mental health issues in India. This article seeks to identify the various issues and challenges in the implementation of the Act at the macro level, specifically in the areas of prevention of mental morbidities, treatment gaps, reintegration and rehabilitation of the patient. It also suggests the way forward to remove the identified barriers.
Chronic Pain and Prescription Opioid Use Among Socially Marginalized Nigerian Women: Exploring Supply Channels and Pathways to Misuse
Authors: Nelson Ediomo-Ubong E. , Alichie Bridget O.
Published: March 2022

This study explores pathways to prescription opioid misuse and supply channels based on in-depth interviews with 16 socially marginalized Nigerian women suffering chronic pain. The pathways identified were medical pain treatment, prior substance use and opioid use for recreation and coping with psychological distress. Facing barriers to prescription opioids due to prescribing restrictions and provider stigma, many resorted to unlicensed chemist stores and street drug dealers for opioid analgesics, including fake and potentially harmful products. Patterns of prescription opioid misuse were woven into multiple and overlapping dynamics of marginalization shaping the lives of these women, including homelessness, sex work, substance use and intimate partner violence. Findings show a need to improve access to prescription opioids and other evidence-based approaches, framed within a trauma-informed approach to pain management. Further, integrating substance abuse treatment and pain management could make services responsive to the inter-related problems of chronic pain and prescription opioid misuse.
A Longitudinal Examination of Enacted Goal Attention in End-of-Life Communication in Families
Authors: Scott Allison M.
Published: March 2022

Drawing on theoretical principles related to goal pursuit and inference, the present study investigated the extent to which specific message features led to better or worse conversational outcomes of end-of-life discussions between older adults and their adult children. Actor-partner interdependence modeling analysis of longitudinal reports from 66 parent/child dyads revealed that tactical attention to identity, relational, and task goals in conversation predicted change over a 1-year period in advance directive completion, concordance accuracy, and relationship satisfaction and closeness. Quantity features of communication (i.e., number of conversations, number of topics discussed) were not related to the measured outcomes. Routine relationship maintenance and explicit decision making had a positive impact on the outcomes, and underaccommodation, strategic relationship maintenance, avoidance, elaboration, and implicit decision making had a negative impact on the outcomes of end-of-life family talk. The findings provide insight on how to practically improve the quality of end-of-life conversations in families.
Design of optimized interval type-2 fuzzy logic controller based on the continuity, monotonicity, and smoothness properties for a cart-pole inverted pendulum system
Authors: Kelekci Ethem , Yaren Tugce , Kizir Selcuk
Published: March 2022

In this study, an interval type-2 fuzzy logic controller design method is proposed and validated on the real-time under-actuated nonlinear inverted pendulum system for swing-up and stabilization control problems. The swing-up algorithm is designed to give a faster response and the stabilization controller is designed based on continuity, monotonicity, and smoothness theorems for worst and best cases using the Mamdani fuzzy inference system in order to show the effectiveness of the proposed method. Outstanding type reduction methods are analyzed for the stabilization controller based on the design approach to determine the best type reduction algorithm for the effective and robust control performance. Real-time experiments are conducted to investigate the capability of the proposed controller in terms of adaptation performance and robustness ability. The controller also is able to handle structured and unstructured uncertainties such as measurement noise, external payload, undesirable internal/external disturbances, and parameter uncertainties. The results show that the proposed method clearly improves the control performance of the system in six experimental tasks conducted.
Association between magnetic resonance imaging characteristics and pathological findings in entire posterior cruciate ligament with mucoid degeneration
Authors: Sasaki Ryo , Nagashima Masaki , Takeshima Kenichiro , Otani Toshiro , Okada Yoshifumi , Aida Shinsuke , Ishii Ken
Published: March 2022

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of a tram-track appearance and celery stalk appearance in mucoid degeneration of the cruciate ligament are valuable; however, their pathological basis is unclear. Because these appearances are generally seen throughout the entire ligament, the association between MRI findings and pathological findings must be verified in specimens of the whole degenerated ligament, including the ligamentous attachments to bone. We herein report two cases of mucoid degeneration of the posterior cruciate ligament with osteoarthritis of the knee requiring total knee arthroplasty. The entire degenerated ligament, including the ligamentous attachments to bone, was removed and pathologically evaluated. On pathological examination, the central portion of the lesion showed typical mucoid degeneration, whereas the marginal and adherent portions showed normal ligament tissue, consistent with a tram-track appearance on T2-weighted MRI. The fibrous normal ligament tissues in the longitudinal direction in regions of mucoid degeneration were consistent with a celery stalk appearance on T2-weighted MRI. No mucoid degeneration was found in the attachment area. The tram-track appearance and celery stalk appearance of mucoid degeneration on MRI can be explained by the pathological findings.
Anodal tDCS Over the Left Frontal Eye Field Improves Sustained Visual Search Performance
Authors: Gan Tian , Huang Yanyan , Hao Xin , Hu Lina , Zheng Yan , Yang Zhen
Published: March 2022

Monotonous and repetitive tasks cause vigilance, or sustained attention decrement, which possibly leads to irreparable accident consequences in the aerospace and nuclear industry. Buffering the decrement of vigilance in visual search tasks is essential for cognitive enhancement and ergonomic research. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied to the left frontal eye field (FEF) to improve the performance of the sustained visual search. Twenty-seven healthy participants received anodal and sham tDCS of 2 mA for 28.8 min and completed a visual search task lasting for approximately 40 min without any break. For the online effect, results showed that the d′ hit rate and accuracy under anodal tDCS were significantly higher than those under sham conditions during 0–19.2 min time intervals. For the after-effect, compared with sham, anodal tDCS caused significantly higher d′ in the 10 min after completing the tDCS. Our findings suggest that anodal tDCS over the left FEF could effectively mitigate the decline of visual vigilance performance by buffering cognitive resource depletion.
Immunogenicity of erenumab: A pooled analysis of six placebo-controlled trials with long-term extensions
Authors: Zhou Yanchen , Zhang Feng , Starcevic Manning Marta , Hu Zheng , Hsu Cheng-Pang , Chen Po-Wei , Peng Cheng , Loop Brett , Mytych Daniel T , Paiva da Silva Lima Gabriel
Published: March 2022

Background

Immunogenicity of erenumab, a human anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor monoclonal antibody developed for migraine prevention, has been evaluated throughout clinical development.

Methods

Integrated post hoc analysis assessing immunogenicity of erenumab across six clinical trials in patients with episodic and chronic migraine (N = 2985). Anti-erenumab antibody incidence and potential impact on pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety were evaluated in short-term (double-blind treatment phase 12–24 weeks) and long-term (double-blind treatment phase plus extensions of up to 5 years) analyses.

Results

Anti-erenumab binding antibody incidence was low with few patients developing neutralizing antibodies. Antibody responses were mostly transient with low magnitude. Binding antibodies developed as early as 2–4 weeks after the first dose; the majority developed within the first 6 months and very few after the first year. Serum concentrations of erenumab in antibody-positive patients were generally lower than, but within the range of, antibody-negative patients. There was no impact of anti-erenumab antibodies on erenumab efficacy or safety with no differences between antibody-positive and antibody-negative patients in change in monthly migraine days or adverse event rates.

Conclusions

This pooled analysis showed that immunogenicity had no meaningful clinical impact on efficacy or safety of erenumab in patients with migraine. Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01952574; ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02456740; Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02483585; Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02174861; Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02630459; Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03812224
Probabilistic Modeling of Bus Rapid Transit Station Loading Area Selection for Bus Capacity Estimation
Authors: Bunker Jonathan M
Published: March 2022

The critical station of a bus rapid transit facility governs facility capacity. This study developed an improved model of a typical station with three linear offline loading areas and a passing lane, using a probabilistic approach to the modeling of loading area selection and blockage of buses. The principal operational parameter of the model was station effective utilization: the expected number of buses that are clearing or dwelling. Bus arrival rate, theoretical capacity, and degree of saturation were determined for each loading area. The critical loading area controls station operation. The model quantified station excess time to evaluate passenger quality of service. It quantified interior, upstream, and total utilizations to evaluate queuing. It quantified production elasticity as a function of dwell utilization (output) and excess utilization (input), which was important to understanding station capacity because small values reflect where little improvement is possible. The model was calibrated using data collected during twenty-four 6-min episodes across a range of effective utilization at a busy Brisbane station. The association between observed and model estimates of loading area selection probabilities was significant. Existing deterministic methodologies assume that all loading areas contribute to station capacity homogeneously, however, the results of this study highlighted the need to model each loading area discretely. Elasticities calculated for each episode were used to qualify operation from very efficient to congested. Congested operation must be considered case by case. The new model provided a far richer appreciation of station operation through model output parameters, including those that mark congestion.
Rooming-In Practice During the Pandemic: Results From a Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Costa Simonetta , Priolo Francesca , Fattore Simona , Tedesco Marta , Rubortone Serena Antonia , Giordano Lucia , Chioma Roberto , Neri MD Caterina , Lanzone Antonio , Buonsenso Danilo , Valentini Piero , Vento Giovanni
Published: March 2022

Background:

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic emerged in December 2019 and spread rapidly worldwide. So far, evidence regarding the breastfeeding and rooming-in management of mothers with COVID-19 and their newborn infants is scarce.

Research Aims:

1) To assess the rate of exclusive breastfeeding at discharge among mothers with COVID-19 and their newborn infants managed either using a rooming-in or a separation regimen; and 2) to evaluate different neonatal outcomes, including the need for re-hospitalization related to COVID-19 among newborn infants in the two groups.

Method:

We conducted a retrospective two-group comparative observational study. The sample was participants with COVID-19 and their newborn infants ( N = 155 dyads) between March 1, 2020, and April 30, 2021. Two time periods were outlined resulting from the two different clinical practices of mother–infant separation and rooming-in.

Results:

Within the sample, 145 (93.5%) were asymptomatic. All neonates had documented Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) test results, and six tested positive by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction within 48 hr of life. The rate of exclusive breastfeeding was significantly higher ( p < .0001) within the rooming-in group. Length of hospital stay was significantly lower ( p = .001) within the rooming-in group.

Conclusions:

Protected rooming-in practice has proven to be safe and effective in supporting breastfeeding: None of the infants enrolled were hospitalized due to COVID-19 infection and the rate of exclusive breastfeeding at discharge was increased compared to those infants separated from their mothers.
Examining Homeownership Bias in Indian Housing Policy Using Frame Analysis
Authors: Khaire Manav , Jha Shishir Kumar
Published: March 2022

Literature examining Indian housing policy broadly focuses on the shifting role of the state from a provider of housing to a facilitator of housing markets. Using frame analysis method, this article explores the underlying policy frames responsible for this shift and the factors influencing the homeownership bias in Indian housing policy. The analysis moves forward in two steps: First, we present the policy frames analysis method and describe the data sources used for analysis. Second, we identify the policy frames and discuss their linkages to homeownership bias in Indian housing policy. We identify four policy frames over the years: housing as an unproductive activity, housing as an economic activity, housing as a market good and housing as a commodity. We conclude by highlighting that market-based housing policies work in favour of perpetuating homeownership bias, which, in turn, arrests the development of alternatives like rental housing and cooperative housing.
Design and performance evaluation of piezoelectric tube stack energy harvesters in railway systems
Authors: Cao Yalei , Zong Rui , Wang Jianjun , Xiang Hongjun , Tang Lihua
Published: March 2022

Capturing vibration energy of track structures using piezoelectric energy harvesters has attracted increasing attention for powering wireless sensor networks along railway line. To better use the vertical space below steel rail, a kind of piezoelectric tube stack energy harvesters is proposed in this paper, which can be placed at the bottom of the steel rail to harvest the vibration energy of the vertical displacement induced by the moving train. The harvester consists of a displacement transmission rod, a compression spring, a force transmission metal tube, a piezoelectric tube stack, a whole metal shell, screw bolts, and a wire hole. The advantage of this design is to fully combine the heights of the compression spring, the force transmission metal tube and the piezoelectric tube stack, which helps reduce the vertical height of the device and enables its wide application to a variety of tracks, including, ballast track, ballastless track, and steel-spring floating slab track. Energy harvesting performance of the developed piezoelectric tube stack energy harvester is investigated experimentally, which is consistent with the theoretical results of the simplified model of such a harvester reported. Effects of displacement amplitude, displacement frequency, spring stiffness, resistance, and key parameters of piezoelectric tube stack on the energy harvesting performance of the harvester are also discussed. The present study provides a new design concept for developing piezoelectric energy harvesters used in railway systems with the smaller vertical space below steel rail.
Phishing—A Cyber Fraud: The Types, Implications and Governance
Authors: Ali Mazurina Mohd , Mohd Zaharon Nur Farhana
Published: March 2022

Internet users are becoming ignorant with their data and the transparency of information due to the nature of high-speed internet today. Regrettably, internet users are deceived by engineering tactics performed by highly trained people, namely cybercriminals. Thus, in order to combat phishing attacks, internet users should be educated on security concerns, the influence of social engineering and anti-phishing knowledge. This paper presents a literature review of phishing, a type of cyber fraud, covering the types of phishing, the implications and governance. This study benefits the public to mitigate phishing attacks and increase phishing awareness.
Health-Related Quality of Life of Omani Colorectal Cancer Survivors
Authors: Al-Shandudi Maryam , Al-Mandhari Mansour , Chan Moon Fai , Al-Hajri Thuraiya , Al-Balushi Muna , Al-Azri Mohammed
Published: March 2022

Background

Colorectal cancer (CRC) patients often experience physical and psychological symptoms which affect quality of life (QOL).

Purpose

This study aimed to identify factors affecting QOL among adult Omani CRC survivors.

Methods

A prospective cross-sectional study of 124 adult CRC survivors was conducted at the two main oncology referral hospitals in Oman. A validated Arabic version of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer-Quality of Life Questionnaire for Colorectal Cancer-29 (EORTC QLQ-CR29) was used to collect data.

Results

Of the 118 participants (response rate: 95.2%), 59 (50.0%) were male. The mean age was 52.7 years. Overall, 102 (86.4%) had been diagnosed with CRC at stages II or III. High mean scores on the QLQ-CR29 functional scale were reported for body image (88.9), weight (79.3), and anxiety (75.4). Mean scores for sexual interest were lower in men (31.4) compared to women (62.2). Severe anxiety was reported in 12 survivors (10.2%). Age, gender, the presence of comorbidities, and tumor location were significant predictors of QOL ( P ≤.05).

Conclusion

Omani CRC survivors demonstrated satisfactory QOL, although men reported more anxiety and sexual problems. Healthcare providers in Oman should conduct regular assessments of CRC survivors and offer counseling services if necessary.
“Outcomes of optical penetrating keratoplasty with the large sized donor for failed therapeutic grafts for infectious keratitis from the tertiary eye care center, South India”
Authors: Anitha Venugopal , Ravindran Meenakshi , Jacob Ann Divya , Ghorpade Aditya , Uduman Mohammed Sithiq
Published: March 2022

Purpose

To evaluate the preoperative risk factors, complications, and postoperative outcomes following regraft with the large-sized donor for failed therapeutic grafts.

Methods

In this retrospective interventional case series, patients who underwent optical penetrating keratoplasty for failed therapeutic keratoplasty (TPK) from 2010 till 2019 were studied at the Cornea clinic, Tertiary eye care center, with a maximum follow-up period of 3 years within the study period. Demographic patterns, preoperative risk factors, graft survival, visual outcomes, and complications were reviewed from the electronic medical records.

Results

A total of 77 eyes of 77 patients underwent optical penetrating keratoplasty, with the mean age of 46.18 ± 12.56 years. The median interval between the two procedures was 10.29 months (IQR: 9.0-15.5) and a mean follow-up of 31.27 months. Non-healing fungal keratitis (n = 48) was the most common indication for TPK. The mean size of the donor used was 10 mm (IOR: 9.5-11 mm). The presence of Peripheral anterior synechiae (p < 0.001) and deep limbal vessels (p = 0.011) showed a significant association with the graft outcomes. Four eyes (5%) developed graft reinfection, one patient (1.2%) underwent evisceration, 28 eyes (39%) had graft rejection; among them, 11 eyes (14.28%) resolved with treatment, and in 17 eyes (22.07%), graft failed. Forty-seven eyes (61%) had secondary glaucoma, of which in 32 eyes (68.08%), intraocular pressure was controlled with anti-glaucoma medications; fifteen eyes (31.19%) needed surgery. The graft's cumulative success rate was 83.1% at six months, 58.4% at one year, and 35.1% at three years.

Conclusion

We conclude that despite the high complication rate following optical penetrating keratoplasty for failed therapeutic grafts, the visual and clinical outcomes are satisfactory for such high-risk grafts. Hence, it is imperative to venture surgical intervention to salvage these eyes.
Comparison of the characteristics of journal bearings determined according to ISO 7902:2020 and obtained by other methods
Authors: Smykla Jan , Fillon Michel , Olszewski Artur , Żochowski Tomasz , Gałda Lidia
Published: March 2022

The article presents selected characteristics of journal bearings calculated with the use of various methods and compared to the results obtained with application of the basic bearing characteristics calculation procedure, as described in the ISO 7902:2020 standard. Additionally, the presented calculation results were compared with the parameters measured during experimental tests of the sliding bearings, working under loads and at sliding velocity, and maintaining other operating conditions, as assumed in theoretical research. The regula falsi iteration method was successfully implemented. The research results have confirmed the usefulness of various calculation methods since the values of selected characteristics of the journal bearing obtained were comparable.
Framing the meaning of COVID-19 and the psychological responses to it: Insights gleaned from selected theoretical approaches
Authors: Gouzman Julia , Soskolne Varda , Dekel Rachel
Published: March 2022

This viewpoint article reviews theoretical approaches that are relevant to studying COVID-19 and the psychological reactions to it. We suggest that the published research can be viewed from four major theoretical perspectives: as a stress situation, traumatic event, shared reality/shared trauma, and loss and grief situation. We detail the terms and the main theory/ies underlying each approach and suggest how COVID-19 characteristics and the its’ psychological consequences may be conceptualized in accordance with each approach. Additionally, we discuss the challenges and facets of each theoretical conceptualization that should be addressed in further research, and the necessity of exploring implications for practice.
“Why wasn’t I doing this before?”: Changed school social work practice in response to the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Phillippo Kate , Lucio Robert , Shayman Emily , Kelly Michael
Published: March 2022

The American education system has been significantly disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led schools to shut down and convert to remote learning environments in spring 2020. However, long before these school closures, school social workers (SSWs) have faced significant practice dilemmas, as they have encountered obstacles to their engagement in best practices. While initial pandemic school closures presented SSWs with a range of uncertain situations, they also provided the possibility to respond to practice demands in different and dynamic ways. This article explores the pandemic's impact upon SSWs’ practice, and how SSWs responded in turn as they quickly adapted their practice during this widespread, ongoing crisis. Informed by crisis theory, previous analyses of SSW practice trends and dilemmas, and a review of traditional social work values and ethics, we conducted three focus groups in July 2020 with SSWs during the pandemic’s early months. From these interviews, we learned that participants’ work was disrupted by dramatic shifts in school and community settings, as well as changes in support needs within their respective school communities. Those disruptions gave way to substantial shifts in practice, which reflect a more prominent role for systemic practice and for traditional social work values in SSW decision-making. These findings offer implications for post-pandemic practice, and practice in other host settings.
Compatibility and challenges in machine learning approach for structural crack assessment
Authors: Omar Intisar , Khan Muhammad , Starr Andrew
Published: March 2022

Structural health monitoring and assessment (SHMA) is exceptionally essential for preserving and sustaining any mechanical structure’s service life. A successful assessment should provide reliable and resolute information to maintain the continuous performance of the structure. This information can effectively determine crack progression and its overall impact on the structural operation. However, the available sensing techniques and methods for performing SHMA generate raw measurements that require significant data processing before making any valuable predictions. Machine learning (ML) algorithms (supervised and unsupervised learning) have been extensively used for such data processing. These algorithms extract damage-sensitive features from the raw data to identify structural conditions and performance. As per the available published literature, the extraction of these features has been quite random and used by academic researchers without a suitability justification. In this paper, a comprehensive literature review is performed to emphasise the influence of damage-sensitive features on ML algorithms. The selection and suitability of these features are critically reviewed while processing raw data obtained from different materials (metals, composites and polymers). It has been found that an accurate crack prediction is only possible if the selection of damage-sensitive features and ML algorithms is performed based on available raw data and structure material type. This paper also highlights the current challenges and limitations during the mentioned sections.
“My Blood Is Boiling When I Think About Advising”: The Role of Academic Advising in STEM Student Retention
Authors: Rozhenkova Veronika , Sato Brian K. , Buswell Natascha Trellinger
Published: March 2022

Student attrition from STEM disciplines is one of the most pressing issues in higher education. To better understand the causes of this attrition, this study examines STEM students’ college experiences and uncovers their perspectives on the existing support systems with a specific focus on the role of academic advising. Our research reveals that students from a particular STEM major identified academic advising as problematic, serving as one of the main factors pushing them out of the major, while the STEM major they transferred to did not have this issue. We examined whether this difference was also evident in the perspectives of the student affairs offices by interviewing academic counselors. This research emphasizes the responsibility of academic counselors in students’ decisions to leave STEM majors and the importance of care in their work. The findings suggest a need for STEM departments to re-assess academic advising philosophies and practices while creating more supportive learning environments.
Propensity Score-Matched Comparison of Right Ventricular Strain in Women and Men Before and After Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation
Authors: Kislitsina Olga N. , D. Rich Jonathan , Wilcox Jane E. , E. Vorovich Esther , Wu Tingqing , Churyla Andrei , S. Harap Rebecca , Andrei Adin-Christian , McCarthy Patrick M. , Yancy Clyde W. , Pham Duc Thin
Published: March 2022

Objective: Adverse events following left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation are more common in women than in men, but the impact of gender differences on right ventricular (RV) failure is not well defined. Therefore, we calculated RV strain before and after LVAD implantation in matched groups of men and women to determine if gender differences in RV failure after LVAD might account for the gender differences in overall outcomes. Methods: RV free wall longitudinal strain (FWS) and fractional area change were calculated preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively using speckle-tracking echocardiography analysis. A total of 172 patients (86 women, 86 men) were then propensity score matched (1:1) for comparison. Results: Although women had higher preoperative CHA2DS2-VASc scores and more frequent moderate mitral regurgitation than men ( P = 0.018), the preoperative hemodynamic parameters were similar. Preoperative RV-FWS was −6.7% in women and −6.0% in men ( P = 0.65). Postoperatively, women had more progression to severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) than men (15% vs 7%, P = 0.06). At 3 months the RV-FWS was −7.7% in women and −7.0% in men ( P = 0.59). Postoperative TR was moderate–severe in 20% of women and in 9% of men ( P = 0.001). Women had a higher incidence of venous thromboembolism, cardiac arrhythmias, and bleeding compared with men. Women also had higher mortality rates at discharge and 30 days after surgery, but the survival rates at 5 years were similar. Conclusions: RV strain measurements track standard hemodynamic and echocardiographic parameters and confirm that gender differences in outcomes following LVAD implantation are not related to gender differences in RV failure rates.
Gender Diversity in Hand Surgery Leadership
Authors: Brisbin Alyssa K. , Chen Wendy , Goldschmidt Ezequiel , Smith Brandon T. , Bourne Debra A.
Published: March 2022

Background:

Diversity in leadership drives innovation; however, women are underrepresented in leadership positions across academic medicine. The aim of this study was to assess the current gender representation in hand surgery leadership positions.

Methods:

This was a cross-sectional analysis of leaders in hand surgery. Leaders were defined as President, Board and Committee members of the American Society for Surgery of the Hand and the American Association for Hand Surgery, as well as hand surgery fellowship program directors and physician lead editors of peer-reviewed hand journals. The representation of women in leadership was compared to the percentage of female hand fellows over the same period. Years in practice, academic rank, additional degrees, h-index, m-index, National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding, publications, and citations were compared between male and female leaders.

Results:

Twenty-nine of 213 leadership positions (13.6%) are held by women which is fewer than would be expected based on hand surgery fellowship composition. Female leaders were earlier in practice than their male counterparts (13.5 ± 5.7 versus 20.8 ± 11.1 years, P < .01). Women were more likely to hold position of assistant professor and less likely to be full professors ( P < .05). There was no gender difference in NIH funding, h-index, m-index, publications, or citations. The greatest gender disparity was at the level of National Society President, which is a title held by only 2 women and 119 men.

Conclusions:

Gender disparities in hand surgery exist and are accentuated at the leadership level. Further work is needed to decrease leadership promotion disparities between men and women.
Systematic Comparison of Ligament Reconstruction With Tendon Interposition and Suture-Button Suspensionplasty for Trapeziometacarpal Osteoarthritis
Authors: Wininger Austin E. , Orozco Erin I. , Han Alex , Burn Matthew B. , Liberman Shari R.
Published: March 2022

Ligament reconstruction tendon interposition (LRTI) and suture-button suspensionplasty (SBS) are both common treatment options for trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis. The primary purpose of this systematic review was to compare the subjective improvement in patient-reported outcomes in regard to disability for patients undergoing LRTI and SBS for trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis. A secondary purpose was to compare the subjective improvement, objective outcome scores, and complication rates following both procedures. We performed a systematic review using PubMed, Scopus, and Embase to compare the clinical outcomes of LRTI and SBS. Inclusion criteria were level I-IV evidence articles reporting postoperative Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) or QuickDASH scores. Study methodological quality, risk of bias, and recommendation strength were assessed. This systematic review included 31 studies for final analysis with 1289 thumbs undergoing LRTI (25 studies) and 113 thumbs undergoing SBS (6 studies). Both procedures demonstrated similar improvement in DASH and/or QuickDASH scores, while key pinch and grip strength inconsistently improved following both procedures. Complication rate was similar between the 2 procedures; LRTI 12% and SBS 13%. Although both LRTI and SBS seem to provide improved short-term patient-reported functional improvement and objective strength, there was significant heterogeneity within the included studies, and those studies discussing SBS were of lower quality evidence than those of LRTI. Thus, to truly delineate whether a difference exists between these 2 techniques for the treatment of first carpometacarpal joint arthritis, larger prospectively designed studies of high-quality evidence are necessary.
Nationalistic voices from Chinese elites at the World Economic Forum’s Annual Meeting in China
Authors: Gao Fei
Published: March 2022

While nationalism as a mental model that can be represented in text and talk, it has not been sufficiently examined in discourse studies. This study examines the discourse of nationalism in spoken texts of an elite cohort of Chinese speakers at the World Economic Forum. Through methodological integration of nationalism (as a conceptual/theoretical tool) with the socio-cognitive approach anchored in critical discourse analysis, this study examines the structures of ‘national-We’ and ‘foreign-Others’ pervading discourse and linguistic levels with reference to China-specific origins of nationalistic ideology. By scrutinising appraisals, referential nouns/pronouns and value-laden metaphors as linguistic realisations, this study reveals three nationalistic discourses: an economic-leadership discourse for Self, a deterrent/delegitimisation discourse regarding Others’ threatening actions/views, and a common-community Self discourse that aims to solidify more countries with China in a common community with shared interests and future. The study suggests there is value in integrating sociology-oriented conceptual/theoretical tools with the socio-cognitive approach in disclosing latent ideological configurations.
Factors associated with self-reported pain and hand function following surgical A1 pulley release
Authors: Koopman Jaimy E. , Hundepool Caroline A. , Wouters Robbert M. , Duraku Liron S. , Smit Jeroen M. , Selles Ruud W. ,   the Hand-Wrist study group, Zuidam J. Michiel
Published: March 2022

Surgical A1 pulley release can considerably reduce pain and improve hand function, but individual outcomes are highly variable. This study aimed to identify factors contributing to self-reported pain and hand function 3 months postoperatively. We included 2681 patients who had received surgical treatment for a trigger finger or thumb and who completed the Michigan Hand outcomes Questionnaire (MHQ). Hierarchical linear regression models were used to investigate patient and clinical characteristics associated with postoperative pain and hand function. For both pain and hand function, the most influential factors associated with worse outcomes were worse MHQ scores at baseline (β 0.38 and 0.33, respectively) and ≥3 preoperative steroid injections (β –0.36 and –0.35). These factors indicated that patients with severe preoperative symptoms represent a group with a more advanced disease that is more difficult to treat. These findings can assist clinicians in patient counselling, expectation management and decision-making about the timing of the intervention.

Level of evidence: II