bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DETERM²NAT²ON OF THE ²NFLUENCE OF ²NVESTMENT ACT²V²T²ES ON THE EFF²C²ENCY OF FUNCT²ON²NG OF AGR²CULTURAL ENTERPR²SES AS ECONOM²C SYSTEMS
Authors:   Natіonal Unіversіty of Food Technologіes, Hryvkіvska Oksana , Rіabenko Volodymyr ,   Natіonal Unіversіty of Food Technologіes, Matus Natalіa ,   Prіvate Hіgher Educatіon Establіshment "European Unіversіty"
Published: July 2023

The artіcle presents the results of determіnіng the іmpact of іnvestment actіvіty on the effіcіency of the functіonіng of agrіcultural enterprіses as economіc system by buіldіng an equatіon of the trend of the іmpact of іnvestment actіvіty on the effіcіency of the functіonіng of agrіcultural enterprіses of the Kyіv regіon. The іmportance of іnvestment actіvіty for the formatіon of the effіcіency of the functіonіng of agrіcultural enterprіses іs substantіated. The classіfіcatіon of іnvestment attractіon mechanіsms іs presented accordіng to the followіng classіfіcatіon features: accordіng to the method of іnvestment attractіon; by іnvestor; by type of іnvestment; by type of enterprіse. The іnfluence of іnvestment actіvіty on the effіcіency of the functіonіng of agrarіan enterprіses was studіed on the example of іndіvіdual busіness entіtіes of the Kyіv regіon for the perіod 2017-2021, for whіch the method of least squares was used to construct an equatіon of the trend of the іnfluence of іndіcators that determіne the іnvestment actіvіty of agrarіan enterprіses. A set of іndіcators for determіnіng the іmpact of іnvestment actіvіty on the effіcіency of the functіonіng of agrarіan enterprіses as economіc system has been formed. Іn the process of calculatіons, trend functіons were obtaіned: capіtal іnvestment per employee; capіtal return ratіo per UAH 100 of non-current assets; coeffіcіent of return on capіtal per 1 ha of agrіcultural land; capіtal return ratіo per UAH 1 of the cost of fіxed assets; gross agrіcultural output іn constant 2010 prіces per UAH 1 of іnvestment; profіt from the sale of agrіcultural products per UAH 1 of іnvestment. Іt was determіned that the actіvatіon of іnvestment actіvіty provіdes a synergіstіc effect from the systemіc іnteractіon of means of іncreasіng the іnvestment actіvіty of agrarіans іn the mechanіsm of іnvestment actіvіty of agrarіan enterprіses. Іnvestment іndіcators are presented іn actual prіces, thousand hryvnіas; capіtal іnvestment per employee, hryvnіas; capіtal return ratіo per UAH 100 of non-current assets, UAH; accounts for іnvestments, hryvnіas. for: 1 ha of agrіcultural land; for 1 hryvnіa cost of fіxed assets; gross productіon of agrіculture іn constant prіces of 2010 by UAH 1. іnvestments; profіt from the sale of agrіcultural products for UAH 1. іnvestments, іn accordance wіth whіch dіrectіons for ensurіng the formatіon of sustaіnable development of agrіcultural productіon are proposed.
THE ROLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS IN THE FORMATION OF CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY OF GLOBAL BUSINESS
Authors:   Prydniprovska State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Chala Veronika
Published: July 2023

The article emphasizes that one of the trends in the development of modern global business is compliance with environmental requirements. At the same time, it has been noted that the complex process of "environmentalization" of corporate responsibility draws the attention of scientists and politicians to the problem of determining directions and models of successful implementation of its role in creating conditions for sustainable development. It has been also emphasized on the existing risks of global business activity, which is demonstrated by the accumulated experience of unfair competition of transnationalized business. The author notes that it is the business giants of the global industry all over the world in the implementation of their production and commercial activities that consume the largest volumes of natural, raw and fuel-energy resources, and also pollute the largest water areas. Emphasis is also placed on the gradual destruction of national ecological systems based on close interaction and mutual influence of all parameters of ecological activity of specific states on their territory. In addition, one of the main components of the policy of the welfare state has been violated: guaranteeing the protection of environmental rights and human freedoms. The author believes that the significant expansion of the environmental platform of corporate social responsibility, which makes it possible to organically combine both the goals of maximizing the profitability of business activities and the goals of social utility, plays the key role to ensuring a deep convergence of public and corporate economic interests and leveling environmental threats in society. The article presents empirical data that confirm the special role of the institute of corporate environmental responsibility in the development of a global green economy. It has been noted that one of the components of the implementation of corporate environmental responsibility mechanisms by business structures is their compliance with environmental standards. At the same time, it has been emphasized in the article that environmental standards, on the one hand, are developed by states and international organizations, and on the other hand, they are commonly initiated by the companies themselves as part of the implementation of corporate environmental management strategies. The most common environmental standards of corporate social responsibility have been demonstrated and characterized. A list of methodological foundations that unite environmental standards of global business has been proposed by the author.
Older Syrian refugees' experiences of language barriers in post-migration and (re)settlement context in Canada
Authors: Boutmira Souhail
Published: July 2023

This research explores older Syrian (from the Government-Assisted Refugee program) experiences of language barriers in Canada's post-migration and resettlement context. Guided by the ecosystemic model (Guruge & Khanlou, 2004), the qualitative descriptive method

(Sandelowski, 2000) was used to describe the experiences of six older adults (three women and three men, 55-year-old and over) living in the Greater Toronto-Hamilton Area.

Results show that the lack of English proficiency affects refugees' resettlement and, in particular, older adults at risk of abuse. Language barriers influence older adult refugees because it limits their ability to navigate the Canadian systems, exacerbate their dependency on adult children,

increase social isolation, and decrease employment and income opportunities. Participants' commitment to learning English comes from their conviction that fluency has an

essential role in shaping their experiences in Canada. Conclusions can help policymakers identify specific interventions to address language barriers among older adult Refugees.

Key words:

Language Barriers; Older adults; Syrian Refugees; GAR; Resilience
Securitization and criminalization: an analysis of the Temporary Resident Biometrics Program (TRBP)
Authors: Olazábal Adriana De La Torre
Published: July 2023

The implementation of the Temporary Resident Biometrics Program (TRBP) in Canada and its purpose to enhance national security raises many questions. Through the collection of individualsâ€™ unique biological data, certain foreign nationals are classified as potential threats.

Using legislative texts, this qualitative study examines the objectives and implications of the program. Through government discourses, the TRBP identified as part of a securitization move constructs immigrants and refugees as â€œcriminalsâ€ , leading to exclusionary immigration legislation. While questioning whether or not the use of biometrics in Canada serves a legitimate national purpose in immigration policy, this study reveals the unjustifiable discriminatory implications of adopting a securitization strategy that is part of a global trend.

Key words: Securitization, biometrics, criminalization, Temporary Resident Biometrics Program
The forced removal of the 'criminally inadmissible' as punishment: a double jeopardy
Authors: English Caroline
R.
Published: July 2023

Canada bars non-citizens from entering or staying in the country for a number of reasons, including for conduct considered to be â€˜criminally inadmissibleâ€™. Informed by a critical race theory, this literature review and analysis of recent Canadian deportation data highlights the ways in which the double punishment of forced removal following the incarceration of non-citizens extends the Canadian criminal justice system which disproportionately incarcerates Black bodies. Focusing on the evolution of Canadian deportation policies, this paper contributes to the criminological and migrant studies literature by developing our understanding of the deportation process in Canada and its highly politicized and racially discriminatory effects,

specifically on the Afro-Caribbean community. It conceptualizes deportation as a form of double punishment and illustrative of how immigration law and criminal law reinforce each other. This paper considers the grave implications of Canadian deportation policies on those who not only experience it, but also on the families and communities of deported persons and on the safety and security of the country which they return to.

Keywords: Canada, Criminality, Race, Deportation, Punishment.
Exploring the racial and gendered dimensions of Québecois secularism
Authors: Hussain Nooreen
Published: July 2023

This paper explores the specificity of Québec's secularism policies, practices and approach from a Critical Race Theory lens and problematizes apparent contradictions.

The recent passing of Bill 21 in Québec necessitates a re-examination of state secularism laws given the discriminatory impact on religious minorities, particularly veiled Muslim women. Specifically, this paper challenges the idea that these laws work to safeguard women's rights and argues that it indirectly accomplishes the opposite. An analysis of the political context highlights the centrality of secularism to conceptions of Québec'ss national identity, while the historical context reveals a complex relationship between Catholicism, religion, identity and secularism. Secularism measures from the past 15 years have carried significant racial and gendered undertones and has relied on a racializing discourse of the Islamic veil. This discourse is contextualized within the specific context of post-9/11 securitization where Islamophobia and anti-Muslim racism have become normalized.
Serious Gaming for Improvised Explosive Device Neutralization Training
Authors: Chan Christopher C.K. , Ferworn Alex , Young Matthew
Published: July 2023

An improvised explosive device (IED) is a “homemade” bomb intended to cause great harm when it explodes. The public safety task of identifying and neutralizing IEDs falls to military and police services often called explosive disposal units (EDU) who act to neutralize the threat associated with the IED either rendering it inoperable or destroying it safely. EDUs train in various aspects of explosive handling and investigation but are limited in the tools available for safely analyzing real world bombs. This paper describes a game based approach to IED training that employs an interactive 3D simulation to spatially identify key IED components of interest. We give an example of how this approach might be used and provide a preliminary evaluation of its potential effectiveness. We employ images formed from a Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) system captured using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) technology to a virtual IED in a game. Empirical evaluation and EDU testimony suggest accurate representation of the IED and the potential efficacy of the proposed approach for successfully identifying components in the bomb for the purposes of EDU training.
Problems of interpersonal interaction in a students’ group
Authors: Tolstoukhova Irina , Kryucheva Yana , Babina Anna
Published: July 2023

The article explores the concept of interpersonal interaction as a necessary condition for the development of human life activity. The key problems of interaction of student groups in collaborative work are considered. The study suggests that in collaborative work on a project, each learner gains experience, learns and creates new things, and establishes contacts within the group. The conducted diagnostics indicate a high level of communicative ability of the students, and a high degree of favorable microclimate within a small group. On the basis of the studied material, the authors come to the conclusion that the students will be the most productive in working on a project in collaboration in small groups due to harmonious relations and mutual solidarity.
Special education as an instrument of social change in Croatia
Authors: Stárek Lukáš
Published: July 2023

This text will deal with the development of special pedagogy and its approach to students with developmental disabilities. The first part of the paper will describe the development of special pedagogy, its basic concepts, the development in Croatia and the challenges faced by specialists in special pedagogy in Croatia. The second part of the paper will focus on the difficulties faced by pupils in regular schools and ways in which help can be provided to pupils with different learning disabilities. Special emphasis will be placed on working with autistic students. The final part of the paper will present conclusions on the importance of special pedagogy in modern education and on the need for further development and improvement of special pedagogy in Croatia. All of the above will be supported by scientific papers and research in this field. The aim of this paper is to provide insight into various aspects of special pedagogy, especially with a focus on working with autistic pupils, in order to ensure adequate education for all pupils regardless of their developmental difficulties.
Effective Brain Tumor Classification Using Deep Residual Network-Based Transfer Learning
Authors: Saida D. , Keerthi Vardhan KLSDT , Premchand P.
Published: July 2023

Brain tumor classification is an essential task in medical image processing that provides assistance to doctors for accurate diagnoses and treatment plans. A Deep Residual Network based Transfer Learning to a fully convoluted Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is proposed to perform brain tumor classification of Magnetic Resonance Images (MRI) from the BRATS 2020 dataset. The dataset consists of a variety of pre-operative MRI scans to segment integrally varied brain tumors in appearance, shape, and histology, namely gliomas. A Deep Residual Network (ResNet-50) to a fully convoluted CNN is proposed to perform tumor classification from MRI of the BRATS dataset. The 50-layered residual network deeply convolutes the multi-category of tumor images in classification tasks using convolution block and identity block. Limitations such as Limited accuracy and complexity of algorithms in CNN-based ME-Net, and classification issues in YOLOv2 inceptions are resolved by the proposed model in this work. The trained CNN learns boundary and region tasks and extracts successful contextual information from MRI scans with minimal computation cost. The tumor segmentation and classification are performed in one step using a U-Net architecture, which helps retain spatial features of the image. The multimodality fusion is implemented to perform classification and regression tasks by integrating dataset information. The dice scores of the proposed model for Enhanced Tumor (ET), Whole Tumor (WT), and Tumor Core (TC) are 0.88, 0.97, and 0.90 on the BRATS 2020 dataset, and also resulted in 99.94% accuracy, 98.92% sensitivity, 98.63% specificity, and 99.94% precision.
Generic Paddy Plant Disease Detector (GP2D2)
Authors: Prathima Samuda , N G Praveena , K Sivachandar , S Nath Srigitha , B Sarala
Published: July 2023

Rice is the primary food for almost half of the world’s population, especially for the people of Asian countries. There is a demand to improve the quality and increase the quantity of rice production to meet the food requirements of the increasing population. Bulk cultivation and quality production of crops need appropriate technology assistance over manual traditional methods. In this work, six popular Deep-CNN architectures, namely AlexNet, VGG-19, VGG-16, InceptionV3, MobileNet, and ResNet-50, are exploited to identify the diseases in paddy plants since they outperform most of the image classification applications. These CNN models are trained and tested with Plant Village dataset for classifying the paddy plant images into one of the four classes namely, Healthy, Brown Spot, Hispa, or Leaf Blast, based on the disease condition. The performance of the chosen architectures is compared with different hyper parameter settings. AlexNet outperformed other convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in this multiclass classification task, achieving an accuracy of 89.4% at the expense of a substantial number of network parameters, indicating the large model size of AlexNet. For developing mobile applications, the ResNet-50 architecture was adopted over other CNNs, since it has a comparatively smaller number of network parameters and a comparable accuracy of 86.1%. A fine-tuned ResNet-50 architecture supported mobile app, “Generic Paddy Plant Disease Detector (GP2D2)” has been developed for the identification of most commonly occurring diseases in paddy plants. This tool will be more helpful for the new generation of farmers in bulk cultivation and increasing the productivity of paddy. This work will give insight into the performance of CNN architectures in rice plant disease detection task and can be extended to other plants too.
Türkiye’de Uygulanmış Arazi Toplulaştırma Projelerinin Kırsal Kalkınmaya Etkisi Bakımından Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: AKDENİZ Halil Burak , İNAM Şaban , ÇAY Tayfun
Published: July 2023

Dünya nüfusunun sürekli artmasına karşın ekilebilir tarım toprakları giderek azalmaktadır. Yaşanan süreçte küresel ısınma ve iklim değişiklikleri, gıda güvenliği, salgın hastalıklar gibi konular kırsal kesimin ve kırsal gelişme politikalarının önemini daha da artırmaktadır. Tüm bu gelişmeler, gıda üretiminde verimliliği ve denetimini doğrudan etkileyen kırsal kalkınma politikalarının gerekliliğini gündemde tutacaktır. Kırsal kesimde yaşayan nüfusun refah düzeyinin arttırılması ve teknolojik gelişmelerden faydalanabilmesi, kırsal alandaki tarım arazilerinin amaç dışı kullanımlarının önlenmesi, habitat alanlarının ve ekolojik dengenin korunarak geliştirilmesi ancak sürdürülebilir arazi yönetimi ve kırsal kalkınma politikalarıyla (karar alma, planlama, uygulama) mümkün olacaktır. Bu sebeple, arazi toplulaştırma projeleri “ekili alanların miktarını ve kalitesini iyileştirmek, işletmeye ait arazileri birleştirerek parselin şekil ve mülkiyet yapısını düzenlemek, modern tarımsal kalkınmayı artırmak, kırsal çevreyi iyileştirmek, kırsal nüfusun sosyo-kültürel ve ekonomik açıdan yaşam kalitesini yükseltmek, kamu yatırımlarını kamulaştırmasız gerçekleştirmek, kırsal kalkınma ve yoksulluğun azaltılmasını desteklemek” gibi unsurlara hizmet eden etkin bir kırsal kalkınma aracı haline getirilmelidir. Bu çalışmada, arazi toplulaştırma projeleri ‘tarımsal üretimde verimliliğe ve kırsal kalkınmaya etki eden unsurlar’ bakımından analiz edilmiş; kırsal alan düzenlemesi çalışmalarının “havza planlaması esaslı, teknik-ekonomik-sosyolojik tabanlı ve çok amaçlı projeler eşliğinde sürdürülebilir kırsal kalkınma hedeflerine hizmet edecek şekilde yapılması gerektiği” yönünde öneri çıkarımlar yapılmıştır.
An Investigation into Work-Family Balance and Employee Resilience among Female Bankers
Authors: Bagire Vincent , Tauba Mariam , Kyamulabi Sarah
Published: July 2023

Purpose- Work-family balance has increasingly become the epitome of scholarly investigation. This study was motivated to contribute to the growing debate from the Ugandan setting and particularly with a female sample by studying employee resilience.
Methods- This study adopted data triangulation conducted among 397 female bankers; where a sample size of 196 was determined. Data was collected using a structured five-point Likert-type scale questionnaire. The instrument was tested for validity using expert opinion and content validity. We also used exploratory factor analysis. For reliability, we used the Cronbach alpha coefficients. The data were collected with the approval and consent of the Research Committee of MUBS, and the supervisors in the banks, and respondents were assured of confidentiality.
Findings- Indeed, some organizations have mainstreamed gender into their operations in the footsteps of national gender policy. But work-life balance is beyond gender frameworks. This study found that organizational support has a partial mediation effect between work-family balance and employee resilience. This means that both factors are important in influencing the employee resilience of female workers in the banking sector.
Originality-This study is grounded in the practical insights of female bankers in Uganda. While there may be similar studies none has taken a rigorous scholarly approach like this in conceptualization and methodology. This study was original in the context in which it was executed and the methodologies used.   We contend that this study has made a significant contribution to further delineating the life-balance debate for policy, practice, and academic advancements in the African context.
Detection Of Malaria Parasites In Human Blood Cells Using Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Lusiana Efrizoni  , Rais Amin  , Ahmad Rizali
Published: July 2023

Malaria is a blood disease caused by the Plasmodium parasite which is transmitted by the bite of the female Anopheles mosquito. The diagnosis of malaria is carried out by a microscopist through examination of human blood cells. Their level of accuracy depends on the quality of the tool, expertise in classifying and counting infected and uninfected parasite cells. The disadvantages of examining this way include the difficulty in making a diagnosis on a large scale and the poor quality of the results. The dataset used in model evaluation is a dataset developed by LHNVBC which contains 27,558 cell image data. The malaria dataset will be processed through data science processing using a Convolutional Neural Network with the ResNet architecture. The model will conduct training on the dataset and then the model will be able to recognize malaria parasites in human blood cells. The model will be trained by optimizing multinomial logistic regression using Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) and Nesterov momentum values. The results of training data validation accuracy from model training with 50 epochs were obtained at 96.23% and 97% after being tested on data testing.
Analisis Pengaruh Variasi Sudut Pelat Penukar Kalor Terhadap Besarnya Koefisien Perpindahan Kalor Secara Konveksi
Authors: Margianto  , Lesmanah Unung , Yazirin Cepi
Published: July 2023

Salah satu nilai lebih dari kendaraan bermotor adalah  bentuknya yang menarik atau mengikuti trend mode, untuk mencapai bentuk yang menarik tersebut harus dirancang pula konstruksi dari komponen mesin tersebut agar sesuai dengan bentuk rancangan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh variasi sudut pelat pemanas dengan laju aliran udara terhadap besarnya koefisien perpindahan kalor konveksi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental yang digunakan untuk menguji pengaruh dari suatu perlakuan atau desain baru terhadap suatu proses. Hasilnya semakin besar sudut yang terbentuk antara pelat pemanas dengan arah aliran maka perpindahan panas yang terjadi dari pelat menuju udara semakin kecil hal ini ditandai dengan menurunya koefisien perpindahan panas konveksi, penurunan ini disebabkan semakin besar sudut yang terbentuk antara pemanas dengan arah aliran maka luasan pemanas yang mengalami perpindahan panas secara konveksi akan semakin kecil.
Respon Pertumbuhan In Vitro Epikotil Jeruk Siam Pontianak (Citrus nobilis L. var microcarpa) dengan Penambahan Ekstrak Tomat dan Benzylaminopurin (BAP)
Authors: Komairoh Siti , Mukarlina  , Gusmalawati Dwi
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pemberian ekstrak tomat dan BAP terhadap respon pertumbuhan in vitro epikotil jeruk siam Pontianak. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Faktorial dengan dua faktor. Faktor pertama, konsentrasi ekstrak tomat (T) dengan taraf perlakuan, T0: kontrol, T1: 5%, T2: 10%, T3: 15%. Faktor kedua, konsentrasi BAP (B) dengan taraf perlakuan, B0: 0 mg/l, B1: 0,5 mg/l, B2: 1 mg/l, B3: 1,5 mg/l. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi ekstrak tomat dan BAP pada semua perlakuan mampu merangsang elongasi dengan persentase 100%. Perlakuan 15% ekstrak tomat + 0,5 mg/l BAP di hari ke-40 menghasilkan tunas. Perlakuan 5% ekstrak tomat + 0,5 mg/l BAP dan 10% ekstrak tomat + 0,5 mg/l BAP di hari ke-50 membentuk kalus. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian perlakuan ekstrak tomat dan BAP mampu menginduksi elongasi, tunas, dan kalus pada epikotil jeruk siam.
Perencanaan Koefisien Reduksi Daya Dukung Tanah untuk Pondasi Dangkal pada Wilayah Fluktuasi Muka Air Tanah Tinggi
Authors: Wulandari Fadila Fitria , Suwarno Eko , Santoso Edi
Published: July 2023

Pesatnya pembangunan infrastruktur perumahan di Indonesia, termasuk di Desa Tegal Gondo, Karangploso, Malang, membuat masyarakat tertarik untuk mengembangkan hunian bertingkat. Namun, kondisi tanah yang fluktuatif (muka air tanah naik-turun) menjadi masalah karena beberapa rumah mengalami retakan pada sloof dan dinding. Oleh karena itu, perencanaan pondasi dangkal perlu dilakukan dengan mempertimbangkan koefisien reduksi daya dukung tanah. Penelitian ini melibatkan pengumpulan data lapangan, pengujian laboratorium, dan analisis berbasis software by Plaxis Versi 8.2 yang di konfirmasi menggunakan perhitungan manual dengan rumus Terzaghi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai φR (koefisien reduksi) daya dukung tanah pada kedalaman -1.00 m senilai 0,64. Sedangkan nilai φR sebesar 0,55 pada kedalaman -2.00 m.
Max Weber’e Göre Hukukun Rasyonelleşmesi
Authors: KADIOĞLU Ahmet Selim , ALTAY Ayşe Miray
Published: July 2023

Karl Marx ve Emile Durkheim ile beraber modern sosyolojinin üç kurucu babasından biri olarak kabul edilen Max Weber, ayrıca Hukuk Sosyolojisinin de kurucusu olarak kabul edilmektedir. Modern toplumu anlamak ve açıklamak için genel sosyoloji kuramının odağına rasyonalite kavramını/olgusunu yerleştiren Weber, modern toplumda hukuku da öncelikle rasyonel bir sosyal kurum olarak ele almıştır. Hukuk normlarının ve dolayısıyla hukuk olgusunun ortaya çıkışını toplumsal davranış üzerinden açıklayan Weber’e göre hukuk en temelde toplumsal bir kurum olup toplumun varlığına koşut olarak var olagelmiştir. Bu nedenle hukuk, modern topluma özgü olmadığı gibi, modern toplum öncesi ve dışı toplumlarda hukukun rasyonel niteliklerinin bulunmadığı da söylenemez. Ancak modern rasyonel hukuk sistemi ve anlayışı öncelikli olarak çağımıza özgü rasyonel kapitalizmin, rasyonel uzmanlık eğitiminin ve rasyonel bürokrasinin etkisiyle ortaya çıkmıştır. Weber’in, hukukun rasyonelleşmesine ilişkin kuramını, Auguste Comte'un üç hâl kanunu olarak adlandırılan toplumsal evrim kuramını hatırlatır tarzda tarihi bakımdan çizgisel biçimde ortaya koyduğu söylenebilir. Fakat bu çizgisel evrim esas olarak insanlığın tümü için değil, modern Batı toplumu için geçerlidir. Nitekim -özellikle kutsal hukuk sistemleri olmak üzere- diğer hukuk sistemlerinde yetkin bir rasyonelleşme süreci yaşanmamış, hatta irrasyonelleşme süreci söz konusu olmuştur. Batı toplumlarında ise, seküler niteliği baskın Roma Hukukunun, yaşadığı toplumun kurallarına -bilhassa ekonomik konularda- uyarlanma kabiliyetiyle öne çıkan Yahudi Hukukunun ve Sezar’ın hakkını Sezar’a veren anlayışıyla Kilise Hukukunun ortaklaşa etkisiyle, hukuk sistemi, rasyonelleşme sürecini tarihi olarak devam ettirip günümüzün tam anlamıyla rasyonel nitelikli hukuk formuna dönüşmüştür.
Genetic diversity and population structure of the upriver orange mangrove Bruguiera sexangula along the coastlines of Thailand
Authors: Khanbo S , U-thoomporn S , Kongkachana W , Charoensri S , Narong N , Maknual C , Chumriang P , Maprasop P , Wanthongchai P , Tangphatsornruang S , Pootakham W
Published: July 2023

Upriver orange mangrove Bruguiera sexangula is a member of the Rhizophoraceae family and is usually distributed in the intertidal zones of the tropical and subtropical coastal areas. The analyses of genetic diversity and population structure of B. sexangula are essential for their conservation and management. In the present study, the genetic diversity and structure of 101 B. sexangula individuals from mangrove forests in Thailand were evaluated using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) through restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq). A total of 3482 high-quality SNPs were obtained after filtration for genetic study. All 3 genetic structure analyses (Bayesian analysis, principal components analysis, and maximum likelihood tree) revealed that these individuals can be clustered into 2 groups corresponding to geographical regions, namely the Andaman Sea and Gulf of Thailand. The level of genetic differentiation between the clusters was moderate (FST = 0.122, p < 0.001), and the analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that the individual differences within groups were greater than the differences between the 2 groups. A moderate level of genetic diversity (Shannon's information index, I = 0.458; observed heterozygosity, Ho = 0.416; expected heterozygosity, He = 0.295) of B. sexangula was observed. These results give us a better understanding of the genetic variations and will provide a framework for the conservation of B. sexangula.
DISCURSIVE FOUNDATIONS OF THE STUDY OF THE CONCEPT OF POETICS AS A MUSICOLOGICAL CATEGORY
Authors: WEI DU , VLASOPOLOV YURIY , KONONCHUK HEORHII , DORONIN PAVLO , YIZHEN JIANG
Published: July 2023

The article shows that poetics as a musicological category, poetics of a composer, largely by analogy with the poetics of a writer, poet, covers the whole complex of individual philosophical attitudes and artistic techniques demanded by the creator to embody the idea and create a work of art. Understood as a set of specific methods and substantive principles, priorities and grounds, according to which the text is organized and shaped, poetics appears in the unity of the semantic and stylistic aspects of creativity. Different traditions are analyzed concerning consideration of the category of poetics and its interpretation in many literary studies, which created a solid basis for the application of this concept in musicology, that in many respects follows literature. At the same time, in comparison with other scientific branches of art studies, precisely in musicology a wide range of its application and more in-depth development is presented.
CONSTRUCTION ECONOMICS AS AN INDICATOR OF MACROECONOMIC TRENDS
Authors: GUSAROVA LARISA , LEPSKA LIUBOV , RUBTSOVA OKSANA
Published: July 2023

The article considers the dynamics and vectors of the construction development on a country and global scale, in the context of the macroeconomic impact and in the conditions of the corresponding dynamics of the environment. The role of sustainable construction in the modern world is shown. The role of the construction in the national wealth and well-being of individual countries is assessed. It is shown that investments in the construction produce a significant multiplier effect. Based on statistical data, it has been demonstrated that an increase in investment in housing construction can become a multiplier for the development of many related industries and regions, and one of the foundations of economic growth, including in the context of digitalization of the construction and the development of green building.
STYLE PARADIGM OF THE INSTRUMENTAL ETUDE GENRE
Authors: NIKOLAIEVSKA YULIIA , PALIY IRYNA , DENYSENKO IRYNA , CHEREDNYCHENKO OLGA , KUZHBA MYKHAILO , CHERNIAVSKYI IGOR , WANG YOUJIE , ZENG QIAN
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the genre and style paradigm of the etude for various instruments. The material includes opuses by J.F. Mazas (for violin), etudes for cymbals of the Shunda system, P. Jeanjean (for clarinet), Debussy, Bortkevich (for piano), and a number of modern etudes for wind instruments. Research methodology includes comparative and systemic approaches, performance analysis (identification of text components such as texture, rhythm, stroke, articulation, etc.). The genre is interpreted as an onto-semantic and communicative-interpretive system. The scientific novelty consists in formulating a stylistic paradigm of the etude genre for various instruments. The historical divergence of the presented examples of the genre (from the 18th to the 21st century) made it possible to mark the constant parity of the technical and artistic side (or didactic and artistic parameters); formulate signs of “blurring of boundaries” (erasing of the separation between academic and non-academic music, loss of relevance of dividing the etude repertoire for various instruments into methodical and artistic), which is characteristic of etudes of the late 20th and early 21st centuries. Research allowed revealing that in modern performing arts, the final transition of etudes from the status of musical material, which is practiced alone during closed rehearsals, to the status of concert works, which is demonstrated to the public, took place. It was concluded that virtuosity, which is the basis of performing art in etudes of various stylistic orientations, can present its high quality, which is a constant feature of the genre, that overcomes the boundaries of historical times and styles.
EMOTIVE-AXIOLOGICAL APPROACH IN MUSICOLOGY AND MODERN THEORY OF OPERA EXPERIENCE
Authors: OSADCHA SVITLANA , LIXIAN WEI , ZHI QIAO , HONGYU CHEN , SHUO CHENG
Published: July 2023

In the context of the art of vocal and stage performance, the issues of the influence of the musical factor on the process of impersonation of the singer-actor, the existential nature of the art of impersonation, the psychological mechanisms of understanding and appropriation of the text-consciousness of the character by the performer, the processuality of experiencing as an activity of the opera performer and character, musical stage images and forms are touched upon, along with the issues of internal and external action of the character, modality factors of vocal intonation, including the expected circumstances of the role. The syncretism of the opera text as an integral interdeterministic system of stage action meaning, which has an emotional impact on the audience and performers through all three channels of communication - visual, auditory, and verbal, makes it possible to define the opera within the framework of emotionalology as a new branch of social psychology. An attempt is made to show that personal and collective emotions generated by an opera performance are decisive in a syncretic opera text.
When does contacting more people lessen the transmission of infectious diseases?
Authors: Mello Bernardo A.
Published: July 2023

A primary concern in epidemics is to minimize the probability of contagion, often resorting to reducing the number of contacted people. However, the success of that strategy depends on the shape of the dose-response curve, which relates the response of the exposed person to the pathogen dose received from surrounding infected people. If the reduction is achieved by spending more time with each contacted person, the pathogen charge received from each infected individual will be larger. The extended time spent close to each person may worsen the expected response if the dose-response curve is convex for small doses. This is the case when the expected response is negligible below a certain dose threshold and rises sharply above it. This study proposes a mathematical model to calculate the expected response and uses it to identify the conditions when it would be advisable to reduce the contact time with each individual even at the cost of increasing the number of contacted people.
Progress of regulatory RNA in small extracellular vesicles in colorectal cancer
Authors: Hu Xinyi , Lu Yukang , Zhou Jiajun , Wang Lanfeng , Zhang Mengting , Mao Yiping , Chen Zhiping
Published: July 2023

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common malignant tumor of the gastrointestinal tract with the second highest mortality rate and the third highest incidence rate. Early diagnosis and treatment are important measures to reduce CRC mortality. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) have emerged as key mediators that facilitate communication between tumor cells and various other cells, playing a significant role in the growth, invasion, and metastasis of cancer cells. Regulatory RNAs have been identified as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis of CRC, serving as crucial factors in promoting CRC cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis, angiogenesis, drug resistance, and immune cell differentiation. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the vital role of sEVs as biomarkers in CRC diagnosis and their potential application in CRC treatment, highlighting their importance as a promising avenue for further research and clinical translation.
Dynamic full-field optical coherence tomography for live-cell imaging and growth-phase monitoring in Aspergillus fumigatus
Authors: Maldiney Thomas , Garcia-Hermoso Dea , Sitterlé Emilie , Chassot Jean-Marie , Thouvenin Olivier , Boccara Claude , Blot Mathieu , Piroth Lionel , Quenot Jean-Pierre , Charles Pierre-Emmanuel , Aimanianda Vishukumar , Podac Bianca , Boulnois Léa , Dalle Frédéric , Sautour Marc , Bougnoux Marie-Elisabeth , Lanternier Fanny
Published: July 2023

Introduction

The diagnosis of cutaneous manifestations of deep mycoses relies on both histopathological and direct examinations. Yet, the current diagnostic criteria cannot prevent missed cases, including invasive aspergillosis, which requires the development of a novel diagnostic approach and imaging tools. We recently introduced the use of dynamic full-field optical coherence tomography (D-FF-OCT) in fungal diagnostics with a definition approaching that of conventional microscopy and the ability to return metabolic information regarding different fungal species. The present work focuses on subcellular dynamics and live-cell imaging of Aspergillus fumigatus with D-FF-OCT to follow the fungal growth stages.

Methods

The A. fumigatus ATCC 204305 quality-control strain was used for all imaging experiments, following incubation times varying between 24 and 72 h at 30°C in a humidified chamber on Sabouraud dextrose agar. Fungal growth was subsequently monitored with D-FF-OCT for up to 5 h at room temperature and following the pharmacological stress of either voriconazole, amphotericin B, or caspofungin gradient concentration.

Results

D-FF-OCT images allow not only the visualization of intracellular trafficking of vacuoles but also an evolving dynamic segmentation of conidiophores depending on the chronological development and aging of the hyphae or the effect of antifungal treatment. The same applies to conidial heads, with the most intense D-FF-OCT signal coming from vesicles, revealing a changing dynamic within a few hours only, as well as complete extinction following subsequent drying of the Sabouraud dextrose agar.

Discussion

These results provide additional data on the ability of D-FF-OCT to monitor some of the main life cycle processes, dynamics, and intracellular trafficking of vacuoles in A. fumigatus, with or without the effect of pharmacological stress. Such complementary metabolic information could help both clinicians and microbiologists in either mechanistic studies toward experimental mycology or the development of a potential D-FF-OCT-guided diagnosis of superficial fungal infections.
An updated meta-analysis of cardiac resynchronization therapy with or without defibrillation in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Liu Fuwei , Gao Xin , Luo Jun
Published: July 2023

Background

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is a major device therapy used to treat patients suffering from heart failure (HF) and electrical asynchrony. It can improve HF symptoms, reduce HF hospitalization time, and improve long-term survival in HF with and without implantable cardioverter (ICD) therapy. However, the benefit of defibrillator therapy in CRT-eligible patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) remains unknown. As a result, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare clinical outcomes in patients with NICM and HF who were treated with implantable CRT defibrillators (CRT-D) vs. a CRT pacemaker (CRT-P) alone.

Methods

We searched the electronic databases PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane for all studies comparing CRT-D vs. CRT-P treatment in patients with NICM. The time frame was from 1990 to September 2022. All-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality were the primary clinical outcomes of interest to us. To pool adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), a random-effects model with inverse variance was used.

Results

A pooled meta-analysis included two randomized controlled trials (RCTs), each with 1,200 CRT-eligible patients with NICM (592 with CRT-D and 608 with CRT-P) and nine cohort studies representing 27,568 CRT-eligible patients with NICM (16,196 with CRT-D and 11,372 with CRT-P). The adjusted HR for all-cause mortality for CRT-D vs. CRT-P was 0.90 (95% CI, 0.81-0.99). In a subgroup analysis of two RCTs and nine cohort studies, the adjusted HR for all-cause mortality was 0.72 (95% CI, 0.43–1.19) and HR 0.92 (95% CI, 0.83–1.03) for CRT-D vs. CRT-P, respectively.

Conclusion

With the addition of defibrillation leads, we found a significantly lower risk of all-cause mortality in patients with NICM, but this association was not found in subgroup analyses of RCTs and observational studies.
Endovascular repair of acute vs. subacute uncomplicated type B aortic dissection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhao WenXin , Yang Yang , Wu ZhiYuan , Chen ZuoGuan , Diao YongPeng , Lan Yong , Li YongJun
Published: July 2023

Objective

This study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis evaluating the optimal timing for endovascular repair of acute versus subacute uncomplicated Type B Aortic Dissection.

Method

PubMed, EMBASE, web of science and Cochrane Library was interrogated to identify Electronic bibliographic studies updated to January 2023 to collect studies compared the clinical outcomes of endovascular repair for Acute Versus Subacute Uncomplicated Type B Aortic Dissection. Data were aggregated as pooled odds ratios (OR) using the fixed or random effects models according to the significance of heterogeneity, Pooled odds ratios (OR) were calculated by RevMan 5.3 and applied with fixed or random-effect models.

Result

A comprehensive literature search found 322 citations published and finally among them 6 studies containing 3,769 patients (acute group 2,642, subacute group 1,127) were included in review. There is an increased risk of 30-day complications (OR = 1.51,95%CI,1.26–1.81) 30-day mortality (OR = 2.39,95%CI, 1.55–3.67) and 1-year mortality (OR = 1.71,95%CI,1.27–2.30) for an acute uTBAD group compared to subacute ones. Similarly, reintervention was more likely in the acute group than in the subacute group (OR = 1.42,95%CI,1.05–1.91). However, no significant differences were found in long-term mortality.

Conclusion

This meta-analysis confirmed that there was no significant difference in the long-term prognosis between the acute and subacute phases in the timing of surgery. However, considering the high incidence of complications, high re-intervention rate and one-year mortality probably caused by high intima fragility in the acute phase, endovascular repair at subacute phase appears to favorably compare with acute strategy. But future studies with adequate patient numbers and longer-term follow-up are necessary to further verify the study conclusion.

Systematic Review Registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021247609, identifier PROSPERO CRD42021247609.
Maternal exercise represses Nox4 via SIRT1 to prevent vascular oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in SHR offspring
Authors: Zhang Yanyan , Shan Meiling , Ding Xiaozhen , Sun Hualing , Qiu Fang , Shi Lijun
Published: July 2023

Maternal exercise during pregnancy has emerged as a potentially promising approach to protect offspring from cardiovascular disease, including hypertension. Although endothelial dysfunction is involved in the pathophysiology of hypertension, limited studies have characterized how maternal exercise influences endothelial function of hypertensive offspring. In this study, pregnant spontaneously hypertensive rats and Wistar-Kyoto rats were assigned either to a sedentary lifestyle or to swimming training daily, and fetal histone deacetylase-mediated epigenetic modification and offspring vascular function of mesenteric arteries were analyzed. Maternal exercise ameliorated the impairment of acetylcholine-induced vasodilation without affecting sodium nitroprusside-induced vasodilation in mesenteric arteries from the hypertensive offspring. In accordance, maternal exercise reduced NADPH oxidase-4 (Nox4) protein to prevent the loss of nitric oxide generation and increased reactive oxygen species production in mesenteric arteries of hypertensive offspring. We further found that maternal exercise during pregnancy upregulated vascular SIRT1 (sirtuin 1) expression, leading to a low level of H3K9ac (histone H3 lysine 9 acetylation), resulting in the transcriptional downregulation of Nox4 in mesenteric arteries of hypertensive fetuses. These findings show that maternal exercise alleviates oxidative stress and the impairment of endothelium-dependent vasodilatation via SIRT1-regulated deacetylation of Nox4, which might contribute to improved vascular function in hypertensive offspring.
CO2 and CH4 fluxes from inundated floodplain ponds: role of diel variability and duration of inundation
Authors: Rulík Martin , Weber Lukáš , Min Saw , Šmíd Radovan
Published: July 2023

Small waterbodies like floodplain ponds are considered to be an important component of the global carbon budget. Although they are found in large numbers worldwide and their numbers are increasing every year due to the creation of new ponds, we do not have sufficient data on direct estimates of emission fluxes from these waterbodies yet. Herein, we present results from a set of 24 ponds located in the Morava River floodplain, Czech Republic. The ponds varied in their origin (man-made vs. natural), size, depth, sediment organic matter content, and macrophyte growth. Water chemistry parameters, concentrations, and exchange of CO2 and CH4 with the atmosphere were directly measured during the day and night from spring to summer 2020. The ponds emitted more CO2 and CH4 during nighttime, and both CO2 and, in particular, CH4 emissions tend to increase with the duration of pond inundation. Total diffusive fluxes of CO2 and CH4 into the atmosphere ranged from −37072.9 to 432683.3 μmol m−2 d−1, and −11485.3 to 95,889.6 μmol m−2 day−1, respectively. Generally, all ponds were found to be a net source of CO2 and CH4 to the atmosphere. In average, ponds emitted 7.64 g CO2-equivalent m−2 d−1. Thus, our results indicate that floodplain ponds are an important source of both CO2 and CH4 to the atmosphere and they should not be omitted in a regional carbon budget.