bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determine stormwater pond geometrics and hydraulics using remote sensing technologies: A comparison between airborne-LiDAR and UAV-photogrammetry field validation against RTK-GNSS
Authors: Zhao Guohan , Rasmussen Michael R. , Larsen Kim G. , Srba Jiri , Nielsen Thomas D. , Goorden Martijn A. , Qian Weizhu , Nielsen Jesper E.
Published: May 2023

Flow-regulated stormwater ponds providing safe outflow discharges prevail as the primary stormwater management tool for stream protections. Detailed pond geometries are essential metrics in pond monitoring technologies, which convert the point-based water level measurements to areal/volumetric ponding water estimations. Unlike labour-intensive surveys (e.g., RTK-GNSS or total stations), UAV-photogrammetry and airborne-LiDAR have been advocated as cost-effective alternatives to acquire high-quality datasets. In this paper, we compare the use of these two approaches for stormwater pond surveys. With reference to RTK-GNSS in-situ observations, we identify their geometric and hydraulic discrepancies based on six stormwater ponds from three aspects: (i) DEMs, (ii) stage-curves and (iii) outflow discharges. Three main findings are outlined: (i) for wet ponds where moisture environments are dominant, UAV-photogrammetry outperforms (infrared) airborne-LiDAR, where airborne-LiDAR yields 0.15–0.54 NSEoutflow, which is unacceptable; (ii) for dry ponds, UAV-photogrammetry obtains 0.88–0.89 NSEoutflow as poor vegetation penetrations; two correction methods (i.e., grass removal and shifted stage-curves) are proposed, indicating good alignment to RTK-GNSS observations and (iii) UAV-photogrammetry delivers <0.1 m resolution in outlining break-line features for stormwater pond structures. With significant economic advantages, the multi-UAV collaborative photogrammetry would address the shortcomings of a single UAV and thus pave the way for large urban catchment/watershed survey applications.
Isolation, Synthetic Studies and Biological Activities of the Marine Triindole Alkaloids
Pseudellone C, Metagenetriindole A, Araiosamine A-D and Bengacarboline
Authors: Majik Mahesh S. , Parvatkar Rajesh R.
Published: May 2023

The indole nucleus is one of the most important ring systems for pharmaceutical development. Various natural products of new molecular structures with diverse biological activities have been reported from marine flora and fauna, thus ensuring motivation in the search for newer natural products. The unique structural features of triindole containing three indole rings and impressive biological activities make these alkaloids an attractive target for drug discovery. This mini-review highlights the significance of various strategic innovations towards these structurally unique and simplest alkaloids of marine origin (i.e., pseudellone C, metagenetriindole A, araiosamine and bengacarboline) and highlights the isolation, structure, synthesis, biosynthesis and biological activities covering literature till 2023.
Cannabidiol and Indole-3-carbinol Reduce Intracellular Lipid Droplet
Accumulation in HepaRG, A Human Liver Cell Line, as well as in Human
Adipocytes
Authors: Senthilkumar Sanjanaa , Solan Megan E. , Fernandez-Luna Maria T. , Lavado Ramon
Published: May 2023

Introduction:

An increase in obesity-related diseases is becoming an alarming worldwide problem. Therefore, new therapeutic methods are constantly sought to prevent, treat, and alleviate symptoms of the diseases associated with obesity.

Method:

This study investigates the effects of two natural compounds (indole-3-carbinol, I3C, a bioactive indolic compound found in cruciferous vegetables; cannabidiol, CBD, the active ingredient derived from the hemp plant) on the fatty acid accumulation in the human liver cell line HepaRG, a well-established model for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and in human pre-adipocytes (adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells, MSC).

Results:

EC50s of each compound were in the high µM range (approximately 30 mg/L), showing the low toxicity of these compounds. Determination of the selected compounds in cell media showed no significant differences during the exposure, suggesting that no significant metabolism or degradation happened during the exposure time. Quantification of the bioaccumulation of lipid droplets on exposed HepaRG revealed a significant reduction and mitigation of fatty acid accumulation when exposed to 1 nM of I3C and 100 nM of CBD.). On MSC cells a significant inhibition of lipogenesis and adipocyte differentiation was observed in cells exposed to 0.1 nM of I3C and 1 nM of CBD.

Conclusion:

This study provides a significant contribution to advancing the understanding of preventative dietary strategies that target adipocyte differentiation and NAFLD.
Evaluation of clinical efficacy of the Vigomax Forte Tablet in Male Sexual Dysfunction
Authors: Akshay Singh
Published: May 2023

Aim of the study: To study the effects of Vigomax Forte Tablet in male sexual dysfunction following certain physical and mental exhaustion states. Materials and Methods: Male patients complaining of sexual dysfunction as a result of stress, alcohol, diabetes or anti-hypertensive drugs were considered for the study. 64 patients satisfying the above-mentioned inclusion criteria were selected for the study. Patients of each group were randomly administered Vigomax Forte Tablet / Placebo Tablets in the dose of 1 Tablet twice a day. Each patient was asked to follow up every 4 weeks, when he was examined and the beneficial or adverse effects of the drug treatment were noted. Results: There was a statistically significant improvement in all the parameters evaluated. Conclusion: Thus, in this study, Vigomax Forte Tablet enhanced libido as well as erectile function in patient population with varied etiology of erectile dysfunction. Vigomax Forte Tablet was also well tolerated. Based on these data, Vigomax Forte Tablet may have the potential to become a safe & effective treatment option for erectile dysfunction.
To study the Ayurvedic perspective of Multiple Sclerosis with special reference to Dhatukshayajanya Vaatvyadhi
Authors: Diksha U. Ambhore  , P. S. Bhende
Published: May 2023

Ayurveda is an ancient holistic science of life that has put forth etiology of various diseases along with principles for its treatment. The advancement and research in the field of Ayurveda has led to acceptance of Ayurvedic principles and concepts in the understanding and treatment of newly evolving diseases, which are not mentioned in classical texts. Of which Multiple Sclerosis is the one. Multiple Sclerosis, is an autoimmune disease, characterised by chronic inflammation and demyelination with remissions and exacerbations of clinical signs and symptoms. We do not get any direct narration of Multiple Sclerosis in the Ayurvedic text. But on the basis of similarities with the Lakshana and involvement of Dosh, Dushya and Srotas in the etiology of the disease, it can be correlated with Dhatukshyajanya Vaatvyadhi. Vatavyadhi is a broad term, which implies the vitiation of other Dosha and Dushya in a special way by Vayu to produce diseases in the entire body or in a specific part of the body. Thus, the present paper will be a sincere effort to study Multiple Sclerosis under the umbrella of Dhatukshyajanya Vaatvyadhi, which may be useful in identification and treatment of Multiple Sclerosis with the Ayurvedic aspect.
A review on Kottam Thagaradi Agada Lepa in Mandalivisha Sopham
Authors: Anjali P.P  , Shidhin K. Krishnan  , Anagha Madhusoodhanan  , Hima V.H.
Published: May 2023

Ashtanga Hrudaya Uttarasthana explained about the classification of Sarpa as Darvikara, Mandali, and Rajimantha based on their predominant Dosha Vata, Pitta, Kapha respectively. Kottam Thakaradi Agada Yoga for Mandali Vishaja Sopha is explained in Vishavaidya Jyothsnika by Karattu Namboothiri. Here an attempt is made to carry out a review on the action of Kottam Thakaradi Agada Lepa in Mandali Vishaja Sopham.
Review of Shodhana in Rasashastra
Authors: R. Magesh  , R. Jayalekshmi
Published: May 2023

Ayurveda, the science of life is being practised by Aryans from Vedic period. Kalpana is the process through which a substance transformed into different medicine form according to the need. In Rasashastra almost all the drugs are advised to be processed with specific Shodhana process before their internal uses. Shodhana, which literally means purification and converting drug fit for further procedure. Hence, the Shodhana process is aimed to remove impurities present in the drugs. Shodhana procedure is necessary for every drug before taking it for adding in any compound or subjecting it for further processes. After Shodhana process the drug - Physical, Chemical and biological changes take place, which are required for proper therapeutic action of the end product.
Importance of Jain Darshan in Mental Health
Authors: Paras Jain  , Lajwanti Keswani  , Salil Jain  , Trupti Jain  , Gopal Wankhede  , Tejalrani Jaiswal
Published: May 2023

Jainism is said to be existed from eternal period of time and Thirthankar’s are the promoters of Jain religion. Principles of Jain Darshan are extremely precious and based on scientific values and researches. In present time peoples are suffering from various mental health issues. According to WHO, A complete health status includes physical, mental and social well-being, so mental health stability is very much important and for these various principles are must include in our life. The principles of Jain Darshan teach us about self-control, concentration, positive emotions through 5 Anuvritta viz 1. Ahimsa (non-violence) 2. Aparigraha (abstinence) 3. Satya (truth) 4. Brahmacharya (celibacy) 5. Asteya (non-stealing) and 10 Dharma’s viz 1. Kshama (forgiveness) 2. Mardava (kindness) 3. Arjava (honesty) 4. Satya (truthiness) 5. Shauch (purity) 6. Sanyam (austerity) 7. Tapa (tenacity) 8. Tyaga (renunciation) 9. Akinchana (non-attachment) 10. Brahmacharya (celibacy). These principles of Jainism can contribute in parity of mental health.
Shree Anna: Elixir of Life
Authors: Parul Rani  , Dinesh Kumar Maurya  , Mandeep Jaiswal  , Anil Kumar Varshney
Published: May 2023

Global population growth necessitates addressing food and health issues caused by an imbalanced diet of high-calorie fast foods. The so-called universal diseases of the modern day include issues with obesity, diabetes, cardiac arrests, porous bones, depression, and others. There are a tonne of cereal options that are tasty, affordable, but unhealthful. People today place a high value on their health. In the age of pandemics, millets are considered one of the richest sources of nutrients and have many health advantages. Sorghum (Jowar), Pearl (Bajra), Finger (Mandua or Ragi), Foxtail (Kangni or Kanguni), Porso (China or Barre), Kodo (Kodon or Kodara), Little (Kutki), and Barnyard (Sanwa or Shyama) millets are only a few of the many varieties of millet. Researchers are demonstrating that millet is a superior cereal choice over other grains. Protein, nutrients, minerals, vitamins, phytochemicals, and energy are all present. It may be possible to address the detrimental effects of agriculture and food security by using value-added millets. In order to improve consumption of health, the review concentrated on millet's nutritional content and health benefits.
Exploring the Medicinal Importance of Kantakari: A Review
Authors: Gupta Vanya , Om Prakash Gupta  , Priyanka  , Aditi Yadav
Published: May 2023

The use of therapeutic herbs for healing is as old as humanity itself. There is substantial proof that man and his hunt for natural remedies have a long history, including written records, surviving monuments, and even the first plant medicines. The knowledge of using medicinal plants came about as a result of man's long-standing battles with disease, which taught him to look for pharmaceuticals in the barks, seeds, fruit bodies, and other parts of plants. Modern pharmacology includes various plant-based medications that have been used for centuries and were known to ancient cultures. Modern science has recognized their active effect. Kantakari, also known as Yellow Berried Nightshade, is a medicinal plant that is mostly found in India's arid areas. This plant, which is a member of the Solanaceae family, has a range of pharmacological and phytochemical traits. Studies and research conducted over the years have revealed that the plant's medicinal benefit includes anti-inflammatory, bronchodilator, anti-microbial, wound-healing, anti-cancer, and insecticidal properties. The review that follows provides a critical analysis of the existing literature while integrating details on Kantakari, including a mention of its botanical description, chemical composition, and Ayurvedic medicine applications.
PENGARUH JARAK DAN PANAS SINAR LASER TERHADAP HASIL ENGRAVING PADA MATERIAL KAYU MENGGUNAKAN MESIN CNC LASER DIODE
Authors: Sugiyanto Didik , Uyun Aep Saeful , Jihad Dzul Mujahid
Published: May 2023

Testing the effect of distance and laser beam heat on engraving results using two specimens as test materials, namely teak wood and durian wood. The testing process is to make circles and rectangles with a diameter of 20 mm which are inputted into the program followed by the engraving process. The results of the engraving are measured how many differences occur so that the results that are closest to the level of precision are obtained with variations in distance and heat in the laser beam. From the results of the distance test, it was found that durian wood has a more precise engraving accuracy with a size of 0.15-0.35mm, while for teak wood with a size of 0.2-0.4mm. With reference to the general tolerance of medium in sizes >6-30mm is 0.2mm, the best result for the use of spacing is 70mm. From the results of laser heat testing, it was found that durian wood has a more precise engraving accuracy with a size of 0.05 - 0.7mm, while for teak wood with a size of 0.1-0.8mm. With reference to the general tolerance of medium in size >6-30mm is 0.2mm and size >30-120mm is 0.3mm, the best temperature result for use is 400C with a tolerance size of 0.05mm.
DESIGN DAN PEMBUATAN PEMODELAN ENERGI HYBRID BERBASIS ENERGI MATAHARI DAN ENERGI HYDRO DENGAN BACK FLOW WATER SYSTEM
Authors: Suripto Heri , Anwar Saiful , Abdulah Amri
Published: May 2023

Hybrid power is a combination of two or more alternative energy sources to produce high-efficiency electrical energy under different load conditions. Hybrid energy research has been carried out through previous research, including combining solar and wind, solar and biomass, hydro, thermal, wind, solar and solar with thermoelectric generators. This study designs a hybrid power plant model based on solar and hydroelectricity with a water circulation system. Water falling from the upper reservoir into the lower reservoir is returned to the upper reservoir using an electric pump, and this study is a development of previous research related to alternative hydropower. The method used in this study is the Pahl and Beitz method, including design sketches, material selection, fabrication, and testing phases. The solar cell frame design produced by the Pahl and Beitz process is 100 cm high and 65 cm wide, and the module type used is a 3-piece polycrystalline module. The average power output produced by the 3 solar panels to the cells was 19.76 watts. The test produced 850 watts of total hybrid power, 600 watts DC from solar, and 250 watts DC from hydro.
KARAKTERISASI SIFAT MEKANIK DAN STRUKTUR MIKRO PADA BAJA PADUAN RENDAH HASIL PROSES HARDENING
Authors: Chamim Moch. , Margono Margono , Hidayah Fatimah Nur , Atmoko Nugroho Tri
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine how the mechanical properties and microstructure formed on low alloy steel (tooth bucket) heated at temperatures of 850 ⁰C and 850 ⁰C then held for 15 minutes after that it was cooled with oil. The material hardening process was carried out by testing the Vickers hardness, impact, and observing the microstructure using an optical microscope with 200x magnification. Hardness values obtained from low alloy steel after heat treatment at temperatures of 800 ⁰C and 850 ⁰C are 389.2 HV and 414.6 HV. The optimum hardness is obtained at a temperature of 850 ⁰C with an increase of about 1.14% compared to that of raw material, which is 364.5 HV. From the results of the impact test on heat treatment with a temperature of 850 ⁰C, the highest impact value is 0.574 Joule/mm2. Furthermore, the results of the microstructure on heat treatment at a temperature of 850 ⁰C resulted in homogeneous microstructures, namely chrome, martensite, and bainite.
KARAKTERISASI BIODIESEL PRODUK TRANSESTERIFIKASI MENGGUNAKAN VARIASI KECEPATAN SENTRIFUGASI PADA PROSES PEMISAHAN FAME
Authors: Dewi Sukhma Kusuma , Yuliati Lilis , Widodo Agung Sugeng
Published: May 2023

The biodiesel production by transesterification method has five stages, namely: (1) the preparation process; (2) the transesterification process, (3) the separation process, (4) the washing process; and (5) the drying process. Separation occurs independently using a split funnel and gravity force, which takes approximately 120 minutes. The length of this separation process makes it less time efficient in the biodiesel production process. Therefore, a centrifuge separates FAME and glycerol while accelerating the process. This study aimed to determine the quantity and quality of biodiesel made from CPO and VCO using centrifugal speed and separation time variations. The rotation speed is varied between 2000 rpm and 4000 rpm, while the separation times are 5 minutes and 10 minutes. The result showed that the highest quantity of biodiesel from CPO and VCO was obtained using high centrifugation speeds of 4000 rpm and a 10-minute separation. The result showed biodiesel produced with this variation has good quality which met with SNI.
ANALISIS PENGARUH ARUS PADA PENGELASAN BERTINGKAT (MULTILAYER WELDING) TERHADAP STRUKTUR MIKRO, KEKERASAN DAN KUAT TARIK SAMBUNGAN MATERIAL ASTM A106
Authors: Tri Atmoko Nugroho , Bilak Lopo Elkana , Chamim Moch , Lilih Wijayanto Hendi
Published: May 2023

This aims of this study to determine the effect of multilayer welding on ASTM A106 type carbon steel pipe material on the characteristics of the microstructure, hardness and maximum tensile strength of the material. ASTM A106 type carbon steel pipe is used as a raw material for welding using the Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) method. Welding on material joints is carried out in three layers (multilayer welding), namely the root pass, hot pass, and capping layers. There are two variations of welding specimens carried out in this study, namely in specimen 1 the currents used were 60, 70 and 80 A while in specimen 2 the currents used were 70, 80 and 90 A. To determine the effect of current variations on each specimen carried out three include Vickers Testing, microstructure testing and tensile testing. The results show that the base metal area is dominated by the ferrite phase, which indicates that the area has low hardness while the weld shows more perlite phase than ferrite besides the grain size is smaller and denser; this indicates that the hardness level will increase when compared to base metal. The results of the hardness test for all variations of the specimen concluded that the highest hardness value was in the weld. From the tensile test, it can be concluded that specimen 2 has a greater tensile strength of 2.5% when compared to specimen 1.
PROSES PENGERINGAN NPK BERDASARKAN EVALUASI ROTARY DRYER DAN KADAR AIR NPK DI PT. PETROKIMIA GRESIK
Authors: Fauziah Marintika Guluh , Cundari Lia , Kurniawan Farid Hayu
Published: May 2023

Drying is an important process in the production of NPK fertilizers. The average NPK water content in August 2021 – January 2022 was 1.64%, still exceeding a good NPK water content of < 1.5%. The high NPK moisture content resulted that review are needed in drying process through rotary dryer evaluation and observation by creating multiple linear regression math. The average thermal efficiency is calculated based on the actual data, which is 73%, do not decrease significantly and still close to the value of the design data of 90%. The mathematical equation obtained is Y1 = 114.9292 + 0.000338X1 + 0.0439062X2 -1.711792X3 -0.3749378X4 with a regression coefficient of 0.8657472. Factors that affect the NPK fertilizer water content are the air temperature of dryer, the flow rate of incoming NPK water mass, the flow rate of NPK mass and the flow rate of air dryer mass.
PENGEMBANGAN DESAIN CIRCULAR DAN SQUARE CRASHBOX DENGAN PENAMBAHAN HONEYCOMB SEBAGAI FILLER PADA MODEL BEBAN FRONTAL DAN OBLIQUE
Authors: Wicaksono Bayu Agung , Choiron Moch. Agus , Purnowidodo Anindito
Published: May 2023

In the previous study, several researchers had developed circular and square crash box designs to enhance energy absorption. In this study, circular and square honeycomb filled crash box is investigated by varying the honeycomb cell dimension. Honeycomb filled is selected due to lightweight and high strength to weight ratio. The crash box modelling was carried out using the finite element method with a frontal and oblique load model. Honeycomb cell dimensions vary by using five models, which are 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%. This ratio compares the size of honeycomb pitch cell with the inner diameter of crash box. The inner diameter and the crash box thickness are 40 mm and 2 mm, respectively. The single cell wall and the double wall honeycomb thickness are 0,5 mm and 1 mm, respectively. The load model used is an impactor mass of 600 kg with a speed of 15 m/s. For oblique load model, the angle for the load is 300. In this study, energy absorption, deformation pattern and efficiency of the collision force (CFE) were observed, based on the results of computer simulations. The results show that square model with 25% honeycomb filled ratio (S25) has the highest energy absorption, both on frontal and oblique loading. Otherwise, the circle model with 25% honeycomb filled ratio (C25) has the highest CFE value for frontal loading, and S50 has the highest CFE value for oblique loading. The high CFE value is due to the reaction-displacement curve, which is quite stable. The deformation pattern on S25 model due to frontal load model is a diamond mode with five folds. This pattern shows a higher number fold than other square models. Whereas, on oblique load model, the S25 model generates a greater number of folding due to the number of honeycomb cells.
PENGARUH SOLUTION TREATMENT DAN MEDIA PENDINGIN PADA PROSES HOT ROLLING TERHADAP KEKUATAN BAJA MANGAN AUSTENITIK
Authors: Frendyta Nadya Salsabila , Tjahjono Arif , Paristiawan Permana Andi
Published: May 2023

A steel with high hardness but relatively low ductility and toughness is called austenitic manganese steel. This steel implementation often suffers from defect and failure. Responding to this problem, the study was done by manipulating a heat treatment process in order to change the microstructure, refine the grain, and improve its mechanical properties thereby increasing its ductility and toughness. It was begun by heating the austenitic manganese steel to austenizing temperature (1000°C) and holding for 100 minutes. The solution treatment process is carried out by a hot rolling process with a temperature of 1100 °C. Quenching process is done using water cooler and ice water as media. Temperature variation selection aimed to find out the phase change in microstructure and its effect on mechanical properties. In solution treatment process with water cooling, austenitic manganese steel indicated a significant microstructure with little martensite and more dominant in austenite and ferrite microstructure. This phenomenon gave the hardness reduction effect which in turn indicated the increase of ductility and toughness on austenitic manganese steel with high tensile and elongation test result. Therefore, austenitic manganese steel which is the result of a solution treatment process with water cooling will have a better lifetime in its implementation in industrial world.
PENGARUH UKURAN PARTIKEL SERBUK EVAPORATION BOATS DALAM PEMBUATAN KOWI (CRUCIBLE) TERHADAP KEKUATAN IMPACT DAN STRUKTUR MAKRO
Authors: Siswoyo Jurdan Fulandy , Rusiyanto Rusiyanto , Widodo Rahmat Doni , Sunyoto Sunyoto , Fitriyana Deni Fajar
Published: May 2023

Kowi or crucibles come from refractory materials. This study aims to determine the effect of the powder particle size of evaporation boats on impact resistance and macro structure. The research method used is experimental research. The variation applied was a variation of the particle size of the evaporation boats (80, 100, and 120 mesh) as much as 50% (grams) mixed with 25% (gram), kaolin, and 25% (gram) mortar. The mixture of these ingredients is added 15% (grams) of water from the total weight of the mixture. Mixing using a mixer for 1 hour and adding water. Then the material is put into a specimen mold with ASTM D256 standards and compacted at 60kg/cm2 using a hydraulic press. Sintering at 1000˚C was carried out using an oven with a heating rate of 5˚C / minute and a holding time of 2 hours. The highest impact price on average of 0.002828936 Joule/mm2 was obtained for the use of mesh 120 evaporation boats particle size and the lowest average impact price of 0.002633081 Joule / mm2 was obtained for the use of mesh 80 evaporation boats powder particle size. The macro structure of firing results and the best density is obtained from the use of the mesh 120 and 100 evaporation boats particle size and a fracture occurs on the flatter surface of the specimen than 80 and 100 evaporation boats mesh.
Long-term Clinical Results of Treatment of Periodontal Tissue Diseases in Teenagers and Young Adults Who Smoke
Authors: Lisetska Iryna , Rozhko Mykola
Published: May 2023

Diseases of periodontal tissues rank second among dental pathologies after caries and constitute an important medical problem. According to the modern concept, periodontal tissue diseases arise under the influence of many causes, both local and general in nature. The harmful habit of smoking is a manageable risk factor that causes diseases specific to smokers, and also contributes to the occurrence, deepening and progression of dental diseases, such as periodontal tissues. Therefore, the issue of developing effective schemes of a complex of therapeutic and preventive measures for teenagers and young adults who smoke is urgent.

The aim of the study is to study the long-term results of the clinical effectiveness of the proposed complex treatment of periodontal tissue diseases in teenagers and young adults who smoke.

Materials and methods of the study. To achieve the goal, changes in periodontal tissues were studied immediately after treatment and in the long term in 114 teenagers and young adults aged 15 to 24, who were divided into groups: 26 people who regularly smoke traditional cigarettes were included in the first group; group II - 22 people, who smoke Vapes; in the III group - 23 people who regularly smoke devices for heating tobacco (IQOSs); in the IV group - 43 people, without the harmful habit of smoking.The dynamics of the OHI-S, PMA and PBI indexes before, after and in the long term of treatment with the proposed complex were analyzed: in general - "Quertin", "Supervit" and "BioGaya ProDentis"; locally - "Stomolik" and "Holisal" in comparison with the generally accepted treatment protocol for this disease.

Results of the study. In the course of treatment, a positive trend of the studied indices was recorded in all observation groups, however, better results were recorded in the groups where the proposed local treatment was applied, which was confirmed by objective examination data. Analyzing the results obtained in the long term of treatment, it was established that the results achieved immediately after treatment slightly worsened after six months of follow-up. Moreover, worse results were registered in patients of subgroups who received generally accepted treatment, compared with patients who received the proposed complex treatment. These results indicate the high effectiveness of the proposed complex treatment, but the need to repeat the treatment and preventive actions more often after six months.

Conclusions. Comparison of the results of treatment of periodontal tissue diseases in the observation groups in the remote periods of treatment by various methods indicates the advantages of the proposed complex treatment and allows us to conclude about its high clinical effectiveness.

Key words: teenagers and young adults, diseases of periodontal tissues, treatment, smoking.
Clinical and Laboratory Assessment of Dental Status: Age Characteristics, Dynamics of Indicators of Resistance of Oral Fluid
Authors: Barabash Oleh
Published: May 2023

As a result of aging process, the state of human body homeostasis undergoes the changes. In the tooth-jaw system, such changes lead to a shift of the balance in the remodeling-demineralization processes. Their intensity and dynamics depend on the properties of oral fluid, which plays an important role for the ensuring of physiological processes of oral cavity. The purpose of the work was clinical assessment of the dental status, examination of calcium homeostasis, activity of phosphatases and protein metabolism of oral fluid in patients of different age groups and their features under conditions of dental prosthetics. 103 patients aged from 18 to 89 years were examined who were assessed for the intensity of dental caries damage (DMF index), the state of hygiene and soft tissues (OHI-S and PMA indexes). The level of total and ionized calcium, the activity of acid and alkaline phosphatases, the content of total protein, and the state of its acid-base balance (pH) were determined in the oral fluid. It was found that with the age in the oral fluid the concentration of total and ionized calcium increases, acid and alkaline phosphatases become active, the content of total protein rises against the background of a decrease the intensity of salivation, the acid-base balance shifts to the alkaline side, the mineralization of tooth enamel increases, and the risk of hard dental deposits formation increases. Age characteristics of oral fluid resistance correlate with the intensity of dental caries damage, the state of hygiene and periodontal tissues. The changes of studied parameters in persons of the older age groups correlate with the results, that were found in patients with significant tooth loss (most of them are advanced and senile). It was found that the use of prostheses for replacement of dentition defects has a positive effect on the parameters of oral fluid, which ensure the resistance of hard teeth tissues and the bone base of the alveolar processes.
Methods of Prevention of Postoperative Peritonitis
Authors: Droniak Mykola , Droniak Volodymyr
Published: May 2023

The aim of the study. To explore the causes and improve methods of prevention of postoperative peritonitis.

Materials and methods. From 2012 to 2022 in the surgical department of municipal non-profit enterprise “Regional clinical hospital of the Ivano-Frankivsk Regional Council” were performed 10687 surgical interventions for various diseases and injuries of organs of the abdominal cavity. In 244 (2.3%) patients the postoperative period was complicated by the development of peritonitis, which led to repeated surgical intervention. We analyzed the results of treatment of this category of patients aged 20 to 84 years. Local peritonitis was diagnosed in 125 (51.2%) of them, diffuse peritonitis in 119 (48.8%).

Research results. For today approaches to methods of surgical prevention of postoperative peritonitis are quite uninformative, due to the fact that in most cases the main rules of asepsis and antiseptics and appropriate surgical tactics are followed in combination with conservative intensive infusion therapy and antibacterial drugs.

Complete removal of pathological contents from the abdominal cavity is a mandatory stage of surgery for postoperative peritonitis and one of the key factors in preventing such complications in the postoperative period as septic shock and multiple organ failure. Based on the information from the analysis of the literature, as well as on our own observations, we have developed a method of lavage of the abdominal cavity, which affects various pathogenetic factors in postoperative peritonitis.

Conclusion. Fundamental meaning in the prevention of the development of postoperative peritonitis are the timely execution and adequate volume of the operation, the maximum evacuation of the pathological contents with subsequent lavage of the abdominal cavity by the proposed method, careful handling of the organs of the abdominal cavity (suture of questionable areas and injuries of the intestine), careful hemostasis, active-passive drainage of not only loose areas of the abdominal cavity, but also of anastomosis and abscess cavities.
Towards Femtoscan-Assisted Analysis of Liquid Crystal Self-Organization on Different Polymer and Glass Surfaces for Lab-on-a-Chip and Lab-on-a-Dish Applications, Including Optofluidic and Flexoelectric Ones
Authors: Adamovich Eugene , Buryanskaya Eugenia , Elfimov Anthon , Maklakova Irina , Gradov Oleg , Gradova Margaret , Orehov Theodor K.
Published: May 2023

In this paper, starting with an introductory review of the applications of liquid crystals and polymer-dispersed liquid crystal systems in (bio)sensors and microfluidics, the possibilities of visualizing self-organization products of liquid crystalline media or field-induced instabilities of liquid crystalline systems are considered. In particular illustrated cases, it is proposed to use FemtoScan software-containing metrological complexes to visualize instabilities in liquid crystalline systems and products of self-organization in liquid crystalline media.
Comportamiento productivo, requerimientos hídricos y nutricionales de la lima ácida Tahití (Citrus latifolia Tanaka) en fase productiva
Authors: Ríos Rojas Liliana , Rebolledo R. Alexander , Dorado Diana Y. , López G. Jairo
Published: May 2023

Con esta investigación se determino el comportamiento productivo de la lima acida Tahití en tres zonas productoras de Colombia: Lebrija (Santander), El Espinal (Tolima) y Santo Tomás (Atlántico), y se confirma que su adecuado balance entre la nutrición y el suministro hídrico al cultivo, es posible incrementar el rendimiento y mejorar la calidad del fruto, con un consecuente ahorro de agua y energía al disminuir el tiempo de bombeo.
The Use of Photoplethysmography in the Assessment of Mental Health: Scoping Review
Authors: Lyzwinski Lynnette Nathalie , Elgendi Mohamed , Menon Carlo
Published: May 2023

Background

With the rise in mental health problems globally, mobile health provides opportunities for timely medical care and accessibility. One emerging area of mobile health involves the use of photoplethysmography (PPG) to assess and monitor mental health.

Objective

In recent years, there has been an increase in the use of PPG-based technology for mental health. Therefore, we conducted a review to understand how PPG has been evaluated to assess a range of mental health and psychological problems, including stress, depression, and anxiety.

Methods

A scoping review was performed using PubMed and Google Scholar databases.

Results

A total of 24 papers met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. We identified studies that assessed mental health via PPG using finger- and face-based methods as well as smartphone-based methods. There was variation in study quality. PPG holds promise as a potential complementary technology for detecting changes in mental health, including depression and anxiety. However, rigorous validation is needed in diverse clinical populations to advance PPG technology in tackling mental health problems.

Conclusions

PPG holds promise for assessing mental health problems; however, more research is required before it can be widely recommended for clinical use.
COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Patients Recovered From COVID-19 Infection in Wuhan, China: Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study
Authors: Huang Yiman , Zhang Ling , Fu Jiaqi , Wu Yijin , Wang Hao , Xiao Weijun , Xin You , Dai Zhenwei , Si Mingyu , Chen Xu , Jia Mengmeng , Leng Zhiwei , Cui Dan , Su Xiaoyou
Published: May 2023

Background

Although patients recovered from COVID-19 already have immunity gained from natural infection, they are still at risk of reinfection due to the emergence of new variants of COVID-19 and the diminishing of naturally acquired immunity over time. Vaccination is associated with efficacious protection against COVID-19 infection and could boost infection-acquired immunity; however, various COVID-19 survivors have not been vaccinated due to vaccine hesitancy.

Objective

The aim of this study was to investigate COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and related factors among COVID-19 survivors.

Methods

A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among patients who recovered from COVID-19 infection in Wuhan, China, between June 10 and July 25, 2021. The questionnaire included sociodemographic information, items on COVID-19 infection, the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy scale based on the 3Cs (complacency, convenience, and confidence) model, trust in vaccine manufacturers and health facilities, and reasons for the decision to accept COVID-19 vaccination. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.

Results

Among the 1422 participants, 538 (37.8%) were not vaccinated against COVID-19. The COVID-19–recovered patients who self-reported having a current unhealthy status expressed more hesitancy about the COVID-19 vaccine than those who perceived themselves to be healthy (odds ratio [OR] 0.45, 95% CI 0.28-0.71). Compared to the asymptomatic patients, patients with mild symptoms were more likely to receive a COVID-19 vaccine (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.02-2.82). Regarding the 3Cs model, high complacency (P=.005) and low convenience (P=.004) were significant negative factors for COVID-19 vaccination. Trust in vaccine manufacturers and health facilities was a significant positive factor for COVID-19 vaccination (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.09-1.19). “Self-needs” was the main reason for patients to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, whereas “already have antibodies and do not need vaccination” was the main reason for patients to not receive the COVID-19 vaccine.

Conclusions

Among the three major factors of vaccine hesitancy, complacency proved to be the most notable among COVID-19–recovered patients. Therefore, educational campaigns can focus on raising the awareness of risk of infection and the benefits of vaccination to reduce complacency toward vaccination among this population. In particular, for individuals who have recovered from COVID-19, improving factors related to convenience such as transportation, the environment of vaccination, and providing door-to-door service was also deemed necessary to facilitate their vaccination. In addition, addressing the concerns about vaccination of COVID-19–recovered patients could foster trust and promote their uptake of vaccination.
Crowdsourcing Knowledge Production of COVID-19 Information on Japanese Wikipedia in the Face of Uncertainty: Empirical Analysis
Authors: Yang Kunhao , Tanaka Mikihito
Published: May 2023

Background

A worldwide overabundance of information comprising misinformation, rumors, and propaganda concerning COVID-19 has been observed in addition to the pandemic. By addressing this data confusion, Wikipedia has become an important source of information.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate how the editors of Wikipedia have handled COVID-19–related information. Specifically, it focused on 2 questions: What were the knowledge preferences of the editors who participated in producing COVID-19–related information? and How did editors with different knowledge preferences collaborate?

Methods

This study used a large-scale data set, including >2 million edits in the histories of 1857 editors who edited 133 articles related to COVID-19 on Japanese Wikipedia. Machine learning methods, including graph neural network methods, Bayesian inference, and Granger causality analysis, were used to establish the editors’ topic proclivity and collaboration patterns.

Results

Overall, 3 trends were observed. Two groups of editors were involved in the production of information on COVID-19. One group had a strong preference for sociopolitical topics (social-political group), and the other group strongly preferred scientific and medical topics (scientific-medical group). The social-political group played a central role (contributing 16,544,495/23,485,683, 70.04% of bits of content and 57,969/76,673, 75.61% of the references) in the information production part of the COVID-19 articles on Wikipedia, whereas the scientific-medical group played only a secondary role. The severity of the pandemic in Japan activated the editing behaviors of the social-political group, leading them to contribute more to COVID-19 information production on Wikipedia while simultaneously deactivating the editing behaviors of the scientific-medical group, resulting in their less contribution to COVID-19 information production on Wikipedia (Pearson correlation coefficient=0.231; P<.001).

Conclusions

The results of this study showed that lay experts (ie, Wikipedia editors) in the fields of science and medicine tended to remain silent when facing high scientific uncertainty related to the pandemic. Considering the high quality of the COVID-19–related articles on Japanese Wikipedia, this research also suggested that the sidelining of the science and medicine editors in discussions is not necessarily a problem. Instead, the social and political context of the issues with high scientific uncertainty is more important than the scientific discussions that support accuracy.
The Past, Present, and Future of Psychotherapy Manuals: Protocol for a Scoping Review
Authors: Wislocki Katherine , Tran Mai-Lan , Petti Emily , Hernandez-Ramos Rosa , Cenkner David , Bridgwater Miranda , Naderi Ghazal , Walker Leslie , Zalta Alyson K
Published: May 2023

Background

Psychotherapy manuals are critical to the dissemination of psychotherapy treatments. Psychotherapy manuals typically serve several purposes, including, but not limited to, establishing new psychotherapy treatments, training providers, disseminating treatments to those who deliver them, and providing guidelines to deliver treatments with fidelity. Yet, the proliferation of psychotherapy manuals has not been well-understood, and no work has aimed to assess or review the existing landscape of psychotherapy manuals. Little is known about the breadth, scope, and foci of extant psychotherapy manuals.

Objective

This scoping review aims to identify and explore the landscape of existing book-based psychotherapy manuals. This review aims to specify the defining characteristics (ie, foci, clinical populations, clinical targets, treatment type, treatment modality, and adaptations) of existing book-based psychotherapy manuals. Further, this review will demonstrate how this information, and psychotherapy manuals more broadly, has changed over time. This project aims to make a novel contribution that will have critical implications for current methods of developing, aggregating, synthesizing, and translating knowledge about psychotherapeutic treatments.

Methods

This scoping review will review book-based psychotherapy manuals published from 1950 to 2022.This scoping review will be informed by guidance from the Joanna Briggs Institute Scoping Review Methodology Group and prior scoping reviews. Traditional search and application programming interface–based search methods will be used with search terms defined a priori to identify relevant results using 3 large book databases: Google Books, WorldCat, and PsycINFO. This review will leverage machine learning methods to enhance and expedite the screening process. Primary screening of results will be conducted by at least 2 authors. Data will be extracted and double-coded by research assistants using an iteratively defined codebook.

Results

The search process produced 78,600 results, which were then iteratively deduplicated. Following deduplication, 50,583 results remained. The scoping review is expected to identify common elements of psychotherapy manuals, establish how the foci and content of manuals have changed over time, and illustrate coverage and gaps in the landscape of psychotherapy manuals. Results from this scoping review will be critical for future work focused on developing, aggregating, synthesizing, and disseminating knowledge about psychotherapeutic treatments.

Conclusions

This review will provide knowledge about the vast landscape of psychotherapy manuals that exist. Findings from this study will inform future efforts to develop, aggregate, synthesize, and translate knowledge about psychotherapeutic treatments.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/47708
Enhancing Learning About Epidemiological Data Analysis Using R for Graduate Students in Medical Fields With Jupyter Notebook: Classroom Action Research (Preprint)
Authors: Kumwichar Ponlagrit
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND

Graduate students in medical fields must learn about epidemiology and data analysis to conduct their research. R is a software environment used to develop and run packages for statistical analysis; it can be challenging for students to learn because of compatibility with their computers and problems with package installations. Jupyter Notebook was used to run R, which enhanced the graduate students’ ability to learn epidemiological data analysis by providing an interactive and collaborative environment that allows for more efficient and effective learning.

OBJECTIVE

This study collected class reflections from students and their lecturer in the class “Longitudinal Data Analysis Using R,” identified problems that occurred, and illustrated how Jupyter Notebook can solve those problems.

METHODS

The researcher analyzed issues encountered in the previous class and devised solutions using Jupyter Notebook. These solutions were then implemented and applied to a new group of students. Reflections from the students were regularly collected and documented in an electronic form. The comments were then thematically analyzed and compared to those of the prior cohort.

RESULTS

Improvements that were identified included the ease of using Jupyter R for data analysis without needing to install packages, increased student questioning due to curiosity, and students having the ability to immediately use all code functions. After using Jupyter Notebook, the lecturer could stimulate interest more effectively and challenge students. Furthermore, they highlighted that students responded to questions. The student feedback shows that learning R with Jupyter Notebook was effective in stimulating their interest. Based on the feedback received, it can be inferred that using Jupyter Notebook to learn R is an effective approach for equipping students with an all-encompassing comprehension of longitudinal data analysis.

CONCLUSIONS

The use of Jupyter Notebook can improve graduate students’ learning experience for epidemiological data analysis by providing an interactive and collaborative environment that is not affected by compatibility issues with different operating systems and computers.