bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Changes in the Suicide Rate under the Influence of Daily Activities in EU Countries
Authors: Korotkov P. A. , Trubyanov A. B. , Zagaynova E. A. , Zverev A. I.
Published: December 2020

The article examines the impact of daily activities on the suicide rate on the basis of data from the European Detailed Mortality Database of the World Health Organization and the Harmonized European Time Use Survey.

Purpose. To evaluate the relation between the suicide rate and duration of the main daily activities of employees in the spheres of work, household and leisure activities in terms of the multifactor models.

Materials and methods. Daily activities are understood as time spent on work, household and leisure activities. In order to analyze the relation between the variables an end-to-end linear regression model arranged by all years and countries is used; the panel data structures are not taken into account in the model (as we have to deal with pseudo panel data). In addition, in order to weaken prerequisites of parametric models, a non-parametric estimate is used. The calculations are made in the econometric package STATA IC 16. The source of the data on the suicide rate (total, men, women) at the ages of 15-74 is the European Detailed Mortality Database of the World Health Organization; the source of the data on time spent on the main daily activities of employees in the spheres of work, household and leisure activities and the level of employees’ occupation is Eurostat.

Results. The analysis revealed that with the increase in time spent on TV and video the suicide rate increases for the employed men; and with the increase in time spent on housekeeping the suicide rate increases for the employed women. In addition, during working days employed men are expected to be at risk of suicide due to the time spent on work, related activities and travel to and from work; employed women remain at risk due to the time spent on housekeeping. The duration of TV and video watching and housekeeping is a referent of suicide risk factors – loneliness and retreat from the society. It has been established that a possible shift to a four-day working week with an increase in the working hours while maintaining weekly hours leads to the suicide rate increase.

Conclusion. In order to reduce the suicide rate in European countries, it is necessary to have such an organization of labour, daily routine and leisure activities, which will allow male employees to reduce their working hours to a minimum of 7.4 hours and to displace watching TV and video on the periphery of the hierarchy of occupations, primarily on weekends, as well as to eradicate "kitchen slavery" among female employees. While evaluating the possible shift to a four-day working week, it is necessary to conduct more research on the impact of the number (ratio) of working days and full days off on the suicide rate.
Evaluation of the effects of acepromazine and xylazineon viability in an equine dermal cell line
Authors: Silveira Jéssica Grace da , Cappelari Bruno Egídio , Varela Ana Paula Muterle , Teixeira Thais Fumaco , Araujo Giovana Dantas de
Published: December 2020

Xylazine and acepromazine are drugs used exclusively in veterinary medicine. Xylazineis used as a sedative, analgesic, and tranquilizer while acepromazine is used as a sedative, pre-anesthetic, and anesthetic adjuvant. In vitrodrug toxicity experimentation is essential to predict possible damage associated with treatment. This study was carried out to evaluate and compare the in vitroeffects of acepromazine and xylazine on cell viability. Equine Dermis cells lines were used to examine different drug concentrations (0.02 mg/mL, 0.01 mg/mL, 0.005 mg/mL and 0.0025 mg/mL). An MTT assay was carried out to reveal cell viability. Both tested drugs reduced the viability of ED cells at 0.02 and 0.01 mg/mL. At 0.005 mg/mL, only acepromazine presented an effect. These results corroborate previous studies with xylazine. On the other hand, this is thefirst report about acepromazine and cell viability. Previous studies suggest that the mechanisms involved in reducing cell viability are apoptosis for xylazine and the activation of the autophagic pathway for acepromazine. Both mechanisms have been seen in other drugs of the same classes. These findings reveal that both acepromazine and xylazine cause concentration-dependent cytotoxicity in vitro. Future experiments could further elucidate the mechanisms by which this effect happens and thus circumvent therisk of potential tissue damage in vivo.
Savory cereal bars made with seed, fruit peel, and fish meal
Authors: Matiucci Marcos Antonio , Chambo Ana Paula Sartório , Mikcha Jane Martha Graton , Souza Maria Luiza Rodrigues de
Published: December 2020

Cereal bars are practical, popular, and represent a multicomponent food with market potential. This work aimed to develop tasty cereal bars with kabocha seeds (Cucurbita moschata), kabochapeels, pineapple peel (Ananassp.), and passion fruit peel (Passiflorasp.) with different levels of fishmeal, as nutritional enrichment. To this purpose, the fish meal was prepared with tilapia and salmon carcasses added to the basic ingredients of the bar. The fish concentrate levels used were 0% (control), 5%, 10% and 15%, amounting to four treatments, with five replications. The elaborated bars were analyzed for proximate compositional, sensory properties, and microbiological contamination. The resultsindicated high levels of protein (49.65%) and lipid (32.40%) for fishmeal. The inclusion of this concentrate in cereal bars interfered with their composition by increasing protein content and reducing the content of carbohydrates and caloric value. As forsensory properties, the average scores were around 6, which indicates that the panelists slightly liked the product. It can be concluded that the addition of up to 15% of tilapia fishmeal with salmon in savory cereal bars containing seed and fruit peel, improve their nutritional composition without adversely affecting their sensory quality.
Mold species and fungi load of washed and unwashed table eggs
Authors: Dantas Naiara Silva Menezes , Vasconcelos Luciene Almeida Siqueira de , Costa Neto Pedro de Queiroz , Santos Felipe Faccini dos
Published: December 2020

Egg quality has been widely studied, mainly because defects in quality can pose risks to public health, as well as economic losses.Nevertheless, studies about fungiin eggsare scarce. The objective was to compare the fungal microbiota from washed and unwashed eggs in the rainy season and dry season of the year. This exploratory research consisted in the analysis of large size white table eggs acquired from 48 different lots. Two manufacturers were sampled considering the main characteristic of washed or unwashed eggs. From each lot, a 30-egg pack were purchased and six of those eggs were used for mycological analyzes. The eggs were analyzed externally with 0.1% peptone salt solution wash of the eggshells and internally with aliquots being sampled from a pool made from the six eggs content. Samples were inoculated in Potato Dextrose Agar and isolated colonies were passed to test tubes. When sporulated, the isolates were subjected to decimal dilutions using 0.1% Tween 80 to dissociate the conidia. Microcultures were carried out for optical microscopy observation of the reproductive structures of fungi, stained with lactophenol. Aspergillusspp. was the most frequently isolated fungi isolated, with A. nigerand A. flavuspredominant in the dry season, while A. fumigatusand A. terreusin the rainy season. Low numbers of fungi were identified from egg shells, with a higher amount from unwashed eggs. The seasondid not influence the numberof fungi in eggs, despite having influenced the fungal diversity.
Post-traumatic calcaneal tenorrhaphy associated to plaque and external skeletal fixative in dog: case report
Authors: Soares Trayse Graneli , Cardoso Leonardo Palhares , Rosado Isabel Rodrigues , Martin Ian , Madeira Marina Cazarini , Alves Endrigo Gabellini Leonel
Published: December 2020

The common calcaneal tendon is one of the most injured tendons in dogs. Regardless the cause, if untreated, the injury may increase permanently compromising the injured limb function. This is a case reported in a seven years old, male, 31.5 Kg, very hecticbehavior, Labrador dog. The dog had been suffered a cut by walking on a wasteland. At the clinical examination, he presented claudication, knee hyperextension and tarsal hyperflexion. At the common calcaneal tendon palpation, a loss of continuity was realized characterizing a rupture. The injury was surgically treated by approximating the tendon ́s stumps. Aiming to reduce the tension over the tendon, a plaque was sutured in the tendon caudal surface and the tarsocrural joint was temporarily immobilized. The calcaneal tenorrhaphy with modified Kessler suture associated to an orthopedical plaque and external skeletal fixative showed to be efficient to promote a dog ́s common calcaneal tendon early repairing. The healing occurred by first intention and the injured limb had a deambulatory restoration even in the first postoperative week. Such conducts have also to be considered in calcaneal tenorrhaphies in active, heavy and/or uncooperative patients.
The Fight against Human Viruses: How NMR Can Help?
Authors: Vincenzi Marian , Leone Marilisa
Published: December 2020

Background:

COVID-19 has brought the world to its knees, and there is an urgent
need for new strategies to identify molecules capable of fighting the pandemic. During
the last few decades, NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) spectroscopy has emerged
as an intriguing structural biology instrument in the antiviral drug discovery field.

Objective:

The review highlights how a variety of NMR-based tools can be employed to
better understand viral machineries, develop anti-viral agents and set-up diagnostic and
therapeutic routes.

Methods:

Works summarized herein were searched through PubMed database and the Web.

Results:

The review focuses on a subset of human viruses that have been largely studied
through NMR techniques. Indeed, NMR solid- or solution-state methodologies allow to
gain structural information on viral proteins and viral genomes either in isolation or
bound to diverse binding partners. NMR data can be employed to set up structure-based
approaches to design efficient antiviral agents inhibiting crucial steps of viral life cycle.
In addition, NMR-based metabolomics analyses of biofluids from virus-infected patients
let identify metabolites biomarkers of the disease and follow changes in metabolic profiles
associated with antiviral therapy thus paving the way for novel diagnostic and therapeutic
approaches.

Conclusion:

Considering the NMR-based work conducted on different viruses, we believe
that in the near future, much more NMR efforts will be devoted to discovering novel
anti SARS-CoV-2 agents.
OX40 and OX40L Interaction in Cancer
Authors: Lu Xinjie
Published: December 2020

Background:

OX40 (CD134) and its binding partner, OX40L (CD252), are expressed
on activated CD4, CD8 T-cells, and several other lymphoid and non-lymphoid
cells. OX40L belongs to a TNF family member, a 34 kDa type II transmembrane protein.
The crystallized complex of human OX40 and OX40L is a trimeric contableuration of
one OX40L (trimer) and three OX40 monomers. OX40 and OX40L regulate cytokine
production from T-cells, antigen-presenting cells, and natural killer (NK) cells, and modulate
cytokine receptor signaling.

Methods :

In this review, an updated overview of the structural features of OX40/OX40L
and their interactions with cancer are provided.

Results:

Recent studies have shown that stimulation of OX40 is useful for therapeutic immunization
strategies for cancer. OX40 serves as a secondary costimulatory immune
checkpoint molecule; the binding of OX40 to its ligand enhances the augmentation, survival,
memory formation, effector function, and recall responses of both CD4+ and CD8+
T-cells.

Conclusion:

This review highlights that OX40-OX40L interactions play crucial roles in
both CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells. Signals through OX40 can abolish the suppressive activity
of Tregs, prevent the induction of Tregs from effector T-cells, reduce Foxp3 expression,
and induce the proliferation of memory and effector T lymphocytes. Additionally, when
transferred into tumor-bearing recipients, they generate proliferation capability and successfully
eliminate the established tumor.
Molecular Docking and Pharmacoinformatics Studies Reveal Potential Phytochemicals Against HCV NS5B Polymerase
Authors: Khalid Hina , Ashfaq Usman Ali
Published: December 2020

:

Background: Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is one of the serious health issues affecting one-third of the world’s
population. The high variations of the HCV genome are ascribed to quick replication by NS5B Polymerase and are thus the
most attractive target for developing anti-HCV agents.
Objective: The current study aimed to discover novel phytochemicals that harbor the potential of NS5B polymerase
inhibition.
Method: In this computational study, a molecular docking approach was used to screen phytochemicals with the best
binding and spatial affinity with NS5B at the Palm I region. The top-ranked compounds were then subjected to in-silico
pharmacokinetic and toxicological study.
Results and Conclusion: The virtual screening provided seven ‘hit compounds’ including Betanin, 3,5'-
dihydroxythalifaboramine, Diarctigenin, 6'-desmethylthalifaboramine, Cephalotaxine, 5alpha-O-(3'-dimethylamino-3'-
phenylpropionyl) taxinine M and IsoTetrandrine with minimum binding score compared to the reference drug, Sofosbuvir
(−14.7 kcal/mol). The absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) and thorough toxicological
analysis revealed a favorable and the safety profile of these compounds. The study would demonstrate the phytochemicals
identified might serve as potential antiviral compounds that can potentially an alternative approach for amelioration of HCV
Synthesis of Novel Hydrazones of Levofloxacin Related Molecule and
their In Vitro Evaluation as Antioxidant, and Molecular Docking Studies
Authors: Kashid Bharat B. , Kilbile Jaydeo T. , Wani Kishor D. , Pawar Suhas. M. , Khedkar Vijay M. , Ghanwat Anil A.
Published: December 2020

Objective:

The research work aims synthesis of novel series of hydrazones, antioxidant screening, evaluate the
binding affinities, and in silico methods for the identification of possible drug targets of synthesized compounds.

Methods:

This report briefly explains the synthesis of novel series of hydrazones was synthesized via. hydrazinolysis of
esters to obtain hydrazide, treated with aldehyde and acetophenone to get hydrazones. The spectral confirmed hydrazones
exhibited excellent to comparable anti-oxidant as compaired to the standard drugs Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and
Ascorbic acid. Molecular docking on myeloperoxidase (MPO) demonstrated the ability of this scaffold to correctly
recognize the target and engage in significant bonded and non-bonded interactions with key residues therein.

Results and Discussion:

In this study, we report an effectively synthesized compounds BK-35, BK-41, BK-26, BK-28 and
BK-39 showed the best DPPH radical scavenging activity. The docking results clearly showed the binding mode of
hydrazones into the active site of Myeloperoxidase (MPO). An in-silico results, no any of the synthesized compounds BK24 to BK-41 violated Lipinski’s rule of five (miLog P ≤ 5).

Conclusions:

In vitro preliminary antioxidant screening results in support by in Silico binding affinity data of novel
hydrazones of levofloxacin related molecules BK-24 to BK-41 reported here have emerged as excellent antioxidant agents.
The inference derived from the in vitro antioxidant screening data and the quantitative insights derived from the per-residue
interaction analysis with MPO enzyme, are now being fruitfully utilized for site specific mutation around the nucleus to
identify selective and potent antioxidants.
A Study on Ecotoxicological Effects of Nano-copper Oxide Particles to Portunus trituberculatus
Authors: Li Tiejun , Hu Hongmei , Yang Chenghu , Zhang Bo , Ma Limin
Published: December 2020

Background:

As an important nano-material, nano-copper oxide particles (CuO-ENPs)
harbor a vast range of characteristics, including an electronic correlation effect, thermal stability,
catalytic activity, sterilization, and other properties. At present, the mechanism of ecotoxicological
effects of CuO-ENPs is unclear and has been inconclusive. Therefore, we aimed to explore the ecotoxicological
effects of nano-copper oxide particles (CuO-ENPs) on Portunus trituberculatus.

Objective:

The crabs were exposed to seawater containing different concentrations of CuO-ENPs to
conduct the acute toxicity test and chronic accumulation test.

Methods:

Acute toxicity, metal accumulation, and SOD activity in different tissues were determined.

Results:

We found that the lethal concentration of 50% 96 h LC50 of CuO-ENPs to Portunus trituberculatus
belonged to low toxicity. The accumulation of CuO-ENPs in different tissues from high
to low was: gill > haemolymph > muscle > hepatopancreas > heart and stomach, and decreased
gradually with time after reaching the maximum.

Discussion:

Subsequently, it was in a relatively steady state after a certain period and showed an
obvious concentration effect. With the increment of exposure time and concentration of CuO-ENPs,
the SOD activities in different tissues were quite different. In conclusion, the 96 h LC50 of CuOENPs
to Portunus trituberculatus was 49 mg/L, and its toxicity belonged to low toxicity.

Conclusion:

With the increment of exposure time and concentration of CuO-ENPs, the SOD activities
in different tissues were quite different, which were increased remarkably in gill and hepatopancreas,
but were suppressed at an early stage of exposure in muscle and haemolymph.
A Review on Screening Models for Potential Therapeutic Candidates and Targets Against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Das Mohana , Kumar Manish , Jha Abhishek , Madhukiran D.R. , Bharti Kanchan , Mondal Shomedeep , Mishra Brahmeshwar
Published: December 2020

Coronaviruses are a group of known RNA virus which primarily infect the respiratory
tract, and also neurological, enteric, and hepatic systems. Endemic outbreaks of Middle East Coronavirus
Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus
(SARS-CoV) have been observed in recent decades. A new strain named the SARS CoV-2(-
COVID-19) virus has now spread across the globe. SARS-CoV-2 is highly communicable and has
culminated in a massive pandemic of COVID-19. Currently, no successful treatment is available.
Therefore, an urgent need is there for new screening models that can aid in identifying the drugs
with potential activity against COVID-19. The current review aims to discuss various in-silico, in-
-vitro and in-vivo screening methods that can potentially be used to expedite the discovery of new
active therapeutic candidates and vaccines, drug targets, and repurposing the commercially available
drugs against COVID-19 for the effective management of the infection and thereby controlling
this pandemic. Further, the current status of drugs and vaccines under clinical investigation
has been summarized.
Comparison of Postpartum Hemoglobin and Hematocrit Levels In Conventional and Physiological Delivery in Iran: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Oshvandi Khodayar , Masoumi Seyedeh Zahra , Shayan Arezoo , Oliaei Seyed Saleh , Mohammadi Afshin , Kazemi Farideh
Published: December 2020

Background:

Despite the great importance of controlling and preventing postpartum
hemorrhage, no evidence has been provided to reduce postpartum hemorrhage physiologically compared
to conventional vaginal delivery. While it is claimed that physiological delivery can be better
than conventional delivery, in many ways, there is insufficient available information about the effect
of the delivery method on postpartum hemoglobin and hematocrit levels.

Objective:

The current study aimed to compare postpartum hemoglobin and hematocrit levels in conventional and
physiological delivery methods in Fatemieh Hospital of Hamedan.

Methods:

This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 400 pregnant women candidates for
physiological delivery and 400 pregnant women for conventional vaginal delivery in 2019. Mothers
in the physiological delivery group were provided with the necessary training. In the conventional
vaginal delivery group, the mother went through the usual procedures upon hospitalization. All
mothers' venous blood samples were analyzed for hemoglobin and hematocrit levels at the time of
hospitalization and six hours after delivery. The significance level was considered at p = 0.05.

Results:

The outcomes indicated that by controlling the confounding variables, the mean of hemoglobin in the physiologic
delivery group was significantly higher than conventional vaginal delivery, 11.93 (1.20) and 11.64 (1.20) respectively (P
<0.001), but the Cohen's d value of 0.25 indicated a weak relationship between the mean of hemoglobin level six hours after
delivery and the type of delivery. The results also indicated that by controlling the effect of confounding variables, the mean of hematocrit in the physiological group was significantly more than conventional vaginal delivery (36.53 (3.33) and 35.50
(3.33) respectively) (p <0.001) but the Cohen's d value of 0.31 indicates a weak relationship between mean hematocrit 6
hours after delivery and the type of delivery.

Conclusions:

The results indicated that physiologic delivery did not show a valuable/considerable or the expected effect on
improving postpartum maternal hemoglobin and hematocrit levels comparing to conventional delivery.
Novel Salt-Assisted Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Technique for Environmental,
Food, and Biological Samples Analysis Applications: A Review
Authors: Pasupuleti Raghavendra Rao , Gurrani Swapnil , Tsai Pei-Chien , Ponnusamy Vinoth Kumar
Published: December 2020

Background:

Sample preparation has gained significant recognition in the chemical analysis workflow. Substantial efforts have been made to simplify the comprehensive process of sample preparation that is focused on green sample preparation methodology, including the miniaturization of extraction method, elimination of the sample pre-treatment as well as the post-treatment steps, elimination of toxic as well as hazardous organic solvent consumption, reduction in sample volume requirements, reducing the extraction time, maximization of the extraction efficiency and possible automation.

Methods:

Among various microextraction processes, liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) is most abundantly used in the extraction of the target analytes. The salting-out phenomenon has been introduced into the LPME procedure and has been raised as a new technique called the ‘Salt-Assisted Liquid-Liquid Microextraction (SALLME)’. The principle is based on decreasing the solubility of less polar solvent or analyte with an increase in the concentration of the salt in aqueous solution leading to two-phase separation.

Conclusion:

SALLME is mainly based on the salting-out phase separation phenomenon. It is important
to optimize the SALLME experimental parameters, such as solvent volume, salt amount, and extraction
time, to achieve the maximum extraction capacity of the target analytes from the sample matrices.

Conclusion:

SALLME proved to be a simple, rapid, and cost-effective sample preparation technique
for the efficient extraction and preconcentration of organic and inorganic contaminants from
various sample matrices, including environmental, biological, and food samples. SALLME exhibits
higher extraction efficiency and recovery and is compatible with multiple analytical instruments. This
review provides an overview of developments in SALLME technique and its applications to date.
An Extracellular Matrix-based Culture System for Generation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Derived-hepatocytes
Authors: Forouzesh Mehdi , Hosseini Mojgan , Ataei Mehran , Farzaneh Maryam , Khoshnam Seyed Esmaeil
Published: December 2020

Liver disease (hepatic disease) adversely affects the normal function of the liver and
causes liver problems. Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) can be predicted by primary human hepatocytes.
However, the sources of hepatocytes for large-scale drug toxicity screening are limited. To
solve this problem, pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and hepatic
stem cells (HSCs) have emerged as attractive cell sources for cell-based therapies. Human PSCs, including
embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have the ability to
undergo self-renewal and differentiate into lineages of ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. Human
PSC can be used for the generation of hepatocytes to facilitate the development of novel drugs
for the treatment of severe liver diseases. The therapeutic potential of PSC-derived hepatocytes for
liver failure have been identified to enhance the development of chemically defined and xenogenic-
free 3D culture methods. To date, several hepatic differentiation strategies and various extracellular
matrix (ECM) components have been employed to produce hepatocytes or hepatic-like
cells (HLCs) in vitro. In this review, we focused on the potential of Matrigel, collagen type 1, Ro-
Gel, and laminin as ECM on the differentiation and function of hESC- and hiPSC-derived hepatocytes.
The hepatic differentiation of human ESCs and iPSCs would offer an ideal tool for cell therapy
and liver diseases.
Evaluation of Thermodynamic and Optical Properties of Sixteen Ionic Liquids at Different Temperatures
Authors: Ramakant  , Shrivastava Subhash Chandra , Srivastava Shekhar , Pandey Jata Dhari
Published: December 2020

Introduction:

Based on the dimensional analysis, ρ -u- thermodynamic and ρ -uoptical
properties correlations have been applied to sixteen ionic liquids at different temperatures.
The objective of the present work is to employ these relations to ionic liquids. The
experimental values of ρ and u have been reported in the literature at different temperatures.
We have computed thermal expansivity (α), isothermal compressibility (βT), heat capacities
ratio (γ), internal pressure (Pint), pseudo-Grüneisen parameter (Г), the energy of vaporization
(ΔEV), enthalpy of vaporization (ΔHV), cohesive energy density (ced), solubility parameter
(δ), refractive index (n), molar refraction (RM) and polarisability (αp) for these liquids.

Method:

Correlations between density-sound velocity and several thermodynamic properties
have been derived on the basis of dimensional analysis On the basis of dimensional analysis,
a number of useful and important thermodynamic relations were deduced in terms of
density (ρ) and speed of sound (u).

Result:

Results were found to be quite satisfactory. Keeping in view = uncertainty in the
experimental values of ρ and u, as well as some approximations used, the agreement between
experimental and theoretical values was found to be quite satisfactory.

Discussion:

Density (ρ) and ultrasonic speed (u) data of sixteen RTILs at different temperatures
have been taken from the literature. Calculated values of α, βT, Pint, γ, CP-CV, and, Г
were obtained from empirical relations. The experimental values of α were given for making
a comparison.

Conclusion:

Based on the dimensional analysis, our recently developed correlations between
ρ-u- thermodynamic and ρ-u- optical properties have been found to be quite successful when
applied to sixteen ionic liquids for the first time. α, βT, γ, Pint, γEVap, ΔHVap, ced, δ as well as
RM and αp were calculated at various temperatures.
Gang Involvement, Mental Health Difficulties and Exposure to Violence in 11-16-Year-Old School Students
Authors: Naldrett Georgia A. , Wood Jane L
Published: December 2020

Background and goals:

The current study investigated the relationship
between gang involvement and multiple mental health difficulties; anxiety,
depression, paranoia, victim trauma and perpetrator trauma. Additionally, it
examined the mediating influence of an individual’s exposure to violence within
this relationship.

Method:

One hundred adolescents aged 11-16 years old completed two
questionnaires and an interview which investigated their friendship groups,
exposure to violence and mental well-being. Eighteen participants were identified
as current or ex-gang members and the other eighty-two were classified as the nongang
comparison group.

Results:

Findings show that gang members displayed more symptoms of depression
and perpetrator trauma compared to non-gang members. The relationship between
gang involvement and these mental health difficulties was mediated by exposure to
violence.

Conclusions:

Discussion focuses on the need for researchers, practitioners and
policymakers to acknowledge the relationship between gang involvement and
mental health difficulties and implement additional strategies to support young
people currently or previously involved in gangs.
Wi-Fi Radiation Negatively Influences Plant Growth and Biochemical Responses of Capsicum annuum L var. Pusa Jwala
Authors: Nikalje Ganesh , Rajam Pooja
Published: December 2020

Background::

Internet browsing has become an indispensable part of day-to-day life.
Computers and the internet have occupied almost all sectors of human life. However, it is an artificial
source of electromagnetic radiation, which has adverse effects on all living things in dose-dependant
manner.

Objective::

To understand the impact of electromagnetic radiations on plant, Capsicum annuum L.
var. Pusa jwala emitted by Wi-Fi routers.

Methods::

For the germination experiment, Chilli seeds were kept in close vicinity (5 cm) of a Wi--
Fi router for 10 days. For growth and biochemical analysis, different growth and biochemical attributes
were studied after 21 days of exposure. Control seeds/plants were kept in another room
with almost identical conditions like light, temperature, etc. Plant growth was measured in terms of
fresh weight, shoot length, root length, leaf length, leaf breadth and leaf area index. In Biochemical
analysis, chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, total chlorophyll, soluble protein, lipid peroxidation and proline
contents were measured as per standard protocols.

Results::

The seed germination in the vicinity of the Wi-Fi router was reduced to 75% and other
growth-related parameters like root and shoot length, leaf length, leaf width, leaf area index and
fresh weight were significantly reduced. In the biochemical analysis, chlorophyll pigments (Chl. a,
b and total chlorophyll) were observed to be reduced by 4.8, 7.2 and 5.7 fold, respectively and protein
content reduced by 1.5 fold under the influence of electromagnetic radiations. The product of
lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde) (18 fold) and proline content (10 fold) was found to be increased
synergistically.

Conclusion::

The electromagnetic radiations emitted by the Wi-Fi router have a negative influence
on the growth and biochemical responses in Chilli plants.
Effect of Polyherbal Drug Majun Falasfa on the Transgenic Drosophila
Model of Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Siddique Yasir Hasan , Naz Falaq , Rashid Mohammad
Published: December 2020

Aim:

The effect of Majun Falasfa (MF) was studied on the transgenic Drosophila expressing
human alpha synuclein panneurally.

Background:

MF is a Unani medicine used for enhancing mental power and treating kidney, joint
pains and urinary tract diseases. It is also used for phlegmatic diseases. It is also being used in age
related dementia and to counter the effects of ageing.

Methods:

The equivalents of recommended dose for human were established for 20g of fly food
i.e. 0.0014, 0.0028, 0.0042 and 0.0056g per 20g of diet. The PD flies were allowed to feed on it for
24 days before studying its effect on cognitive and oxidative stress parameters. Immuno-histochemistry
was also performed to study the effect of MF on human alpha synuclein expression.

Results:

The exposure to MF increased the life span and improved the activity of PD flies. MF delayed
the loss of climbing ability of PD flies. The exposure of PD flies to MF significantly reduced
the oxidative stress and improves the antioxidant enzymes homeostasis compared to unexposed PD
flies. The exposure to MF reduces the formation of Lewy bodies as is evident by immunohistochemistry.

Conclusion:

MF is potent in reducing the PD (Parkinson’s disease) symptoms being mimicked in
the transgenic flies.
Suberosin Attenuates the Proliferation of MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells in Combination with Radiotherapy or Hyperthermia
Authors: Nodooshan Saeedeh Jafari , Amini Peyman , Ashrafizadeh Milad , Tavakoli Saeed , Aryafar Tayebeh , Khalafi Leila , Musa Ahmed Eleojo , Mahdavi Seyed Rabie , Najafi Masoud , Ahmadi Akbar , Farhood Bagher
Published: December 2020

Aim:

The aim of this study was to determine the proliferation of MCF-7 following irradiation
or hyperthermia as alone or pre-treatment with suberosin.

Background:

Radiotherapy is a major therapeutic modality for the control of breast cancer. However,
hyperthermia can be prescribed for relief of pain or enhancing cancer cell death. Some studies
have attempted its use as an adjuvant to improve therapeutic efficiency. Suberosin is a cumarin-
derived natural agent that has shown anti-inflammatory properties.

Objective:

In this in vitro study, possible sensitization effect of suberosin in combination with radiation
or hyperthermia was evaluated.

Methods:

MCF-7 breast cancer cells were irradiated or received hyperthermia with or without treatment
with suberosin. The incidence of apoptosis as well as viability of MCF-7 cells were observed.
Furthermore, the expressions of pro-apoptotic genes such as Bax, Bcl-2, and some caspases were
evaluated using real-time PCR.

Results:

Both radiotherapy or hyperthermia reduced the proliferation of MCF-7 cells. Suberosin
amplified the effects of radiotherapy or hyperthermia for induction of pro-apoptotic genes and reducing
cell viability.

Conclusion:

Suberosin has a potent anti-cancer effect when combined with radiotherapy or hyperthermia.
It could be a potential candidate for killing breast cancer cells as well as increasing the
therapeutic efficiency of radiotherapy or hyperthermia.
Twitter Trends Reveals: Focus of Interest in the Sleep Trend Analytics on Response to COVID-19 Outbreak
Authors: Bhatia Surbhi , Tyagi Anubhav
Published: December 2020

Background:

The unprecedented pressures have arrived from pandemic on each
country to make compelling requisites for controlling the population by assessing the cases
and properly utilizing available resources. The rapid number of exponential cases globally
have become the apprehension of panic, fear and anxiety among people. Currently, more than
two million people tested positive. Therefore, it’s the need of the situation to implement different
measures like lockdown and social distancing to prevent the country by demystifying
the pertinent facts and information.

Methods:

The goal of this work is to extract the tweets having different users and different
geographic locations, preprocess it by applying the filtration tasks and then data engineering
methods to identify how the mental and physical health is directly proportional to this pandemic
disease; because of the rapid spread of the false information on social media.

Results:

This work focuses on observing the increase in frequency of tweets and the last logout
timings on twitter during lock down of different users in India by using data analytics. The
study claims that it has having adverse effects and is directly affecting the sleep pattern which
may prove to be the root causes of several diseases such as depression in future.

Conclusions:

It has been observed that prevalence of lockdown has actually led to disorder in
the sleep pattern of individuals. The study validates through experiments and have shown
analysis that people tend to tweet more in night-time past (twelve am) which shows the growing
trend of sleep disorders.
El aprendizaje en valores en videojuegos independientes: Análisis de Cart Life
Authors: Marcos Mar , Fernández Horton Malco , Santorum González Michael
Published: December 2020

This work investigates the possibilities of the "indie" video game as a way of learning values ranging from freedom to justice, including inclusion, equality, privacy, security, trust and diversity, in the context of the digital revolution. In this sense, designers and developers activate their personal "critical play", weaving narrative and expressive networks capable of affecting an active and receptive player in an interactive virtual scenario, populated by beings committed to the social vindication of less favoured groups. The text applies the VAP methodology (Flanagan and Nissenbaum), which systematizes the incorporation of social issues in the creation of games with a supposed social conscience. The questions asked by the VAP method aim to answer, first, the research of values in the context of a technical design with scientific rigor; second, the integration of these values in the design of the "software" and, finally, the experimentation through the tasks proposed by the game design. This methodology will be applied to the video game entitled "Cart Life", a piece in which an artistic design with an independent vocation converges with the exploration of values through which to learn concepts such as personal autonomy, inclusion or gender equality.
MIMOMÚ: Programa digital de estimulación musical temprana
Authors: Rodriguez Nereida , Torrente-Patiño Alvaro
Published: December 2020

Este artículo expone un Trabajo Fin de Grado presentado en el Grado de Comunicación Audiovisual de la Universidade da Coruña. Se trata de un proyecto enfocado a la creación de un programa digital de estimulación musical temprana desarrollado a través de las nuevas tecnologías y basado en nuevos recursos pedagógicos.

Para este proyecto se ha diseñado un sitio web, una aplicación móvil y diversos videotutoriales que funcionarán como motor del programa y podrán disfrutarse desde las dos plataformas mencionadas anteriormente.
RPG digital para formação de estudantes de escolas públicas em turismo de base comunitária no antigo Quilombo Cabula
Authors: Da Silva Francisca de Paula , Alves Katiane , Matta Alfredo E.
Published: December 2020

Este trabalho apresenta o resultado de uma pesquisa desenvolvida durante o mestrado acadêmico em educação e contemporaneidade, cuja finalidade foi construir conhecimento sobre educação para o Turismo de Base Comunitária (TBC) no Antigo Quilombo Cabula (AQC), aplicando o jogo Rolling Player Game (RPG) Digital como instrumento pedagógico para estudantes de escolas públicas. Como se trata de uma proposta de pesquisa aplicada, utilizou-se como abordagem metodológica Design-Based Research (DBR), que favorece a contribuição coletiva de múltiplos sujeitos, e tem como etapas de investigação a aplicação e refinamento da solução visando desenvolver soluções práticas.
Vulnerabilities Faced by Women Widowed by Kedarnath Disaster: An Explorative Case Study
Authors: Mohan Kishore , Bonin Yamuna S
Published: December 2020

This paper is aimed at exploring the vulnerabilities of women widowed during the Uttarakhand floods of India in 2013. Generally, widows in the Northern States of India, are perceived as a second-class citizen and is usually associated with social neglect, isolation, restrictions and poverty. The study consisted of 20 women who lost their husband in the floods. The results indicate that they are facing financial difficulties and profound helplessness. Their economic concerns primarily revolved around providing primary education and decent nutrition for their children. Governmental compensation and pension were reported to be insufficient to cover daily needs.
Keywords: Widowhood; Vulnerability; Disaster; Floods
eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bsby e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5iSI3.2530
Development and Implementation of a Web-Based Learning Environment for an Inpatient Internal Medicine Team: Questionnaire Study
Authors: Carson Thaddeus Y , Hatzigeorgiou Christos , Wyatt Tasha R , Egan Sarah , Beidas Sary O
Published: December 2020

Background

The notion of anytime, anyplace communication is characteristic of the current generation of learners. Such communications have facilitated the growth and integration of a blended or hybrid learning platform in multiple educational settings. However, there are limited reports on the use of an anytime, anyplace communication platform in clinical inpatient medical education.

Objective

The setting of a high-demand inpatient clinical rotation is ideal for the use of collaborative software, and this integration is expected to positively influence medical education. The purpose of this study is to evaluate medical students’ and residents’ educational experiences with incorporating a simple, web-based content management and file sharing platform into an internal medicine inpatient rotation.

Methods

During an inpatient internal medicine rotation, faculty and learners jointly used collaborative software for educational purposes, and a postrotation survey tool was used to measure the educational influence of the software.

Results

Based on the results of the postrotation survey, the integration of a collaborative software application during clinical rotations improved the learning experience. Learning climate, the communication of rotation goals, and self-directed learning all scored favorably, but feedback from the survey participants was mixed. The learners enthusiastically accepted the practical use of this tool for both communication and information sharing.

Conclusions

This generation of learners is accustomed to frequent electronic communication. Based on our survey, these learners appear to be highly receptive to this web-based intervention design for improving clinical education during active patient care. Adding effective blended learning features to a traditional clinical setting is achievable.
Первичная артропластика как метод выбора при лечении чрезвертельных переломов у лиц пожилого и старческого возраста
Authors: Kanziuba A.I. , Klimovitskiy V.G. , Popurkanich P.P.
Published: December 2020

Актуальность. Первичное эндопротезирование применяется как альтернатива внутреннему остеосинтезу при остеопоротических чрезвертельных переломах у пациентов пожилого и старческого возраста. Существуют контраверсийные взгляды хирургов на выбор показаний, хирургического доступа, технику реконструкции вертельной области, технику имплантации бедренного компонента эндопротеза и травматичность операции. Цель работы — обосновать собственный подход к первичной артропластике при чрезвертельных и межвертельных переломах у пациентов пожилого и старческого возраста с позиции оценки ближайших и среднего срока клинико-функциональных результатов. Материалы и методы. В период с 2015 по 2019 год первичная цементная артропластика выполнена у 44 пациентов. Возраст пациентов — от 72 до 89 лет (средний возраст — 77,34 ± 2,10 года). В соответствии с классификацией АО у 13 переломы относились к типу 31-А1, у 25 — 31-А2, у 6 — 31-А3. Перед имплантацией бедренного компонента выполняли реконструкцию вертельной области с восстановлением калькара по собственной методике. Результаты. Мы не наблюдали осложнений, связанных с реконструкцией вертельной области и имплантацией эндопротезов. Продолжительность хирургических вмешательств варьировала от 50 минут до 1 часа 20 минут. Средняя интраоперационная кровопотеря составила 280 ± 60 мл. Продолжительность лечения в отделении — от 6 до 11 дней (в среднем 8,3 ± 2,6 дня). Клинико-рентгенологические результаты изучены у 32 (72,72 %) пациентов в сроки от 4 до 14 месяцев. У всех восстановлена функция ходьбы с опорой на поврежденную ногу. При контрольной рентгенографии отмечены репаративные процессы в области реконструкции, удовлетворительная плотность кости вокруг цементной мантии и ножки эндопротеза. Согласно опросу, восстановленная функциональная активность соответствовала уровню до травмы. Выводы. Общая оценка анатомических и функциональных результатов подтверждает целесообразность применения первичной артропластики как альтернативного метода лечения остеопоротических вертельных переломов.
Функціональне значення однонуклеотидного поліморфізму (RS11204981) в гені філагрину (FLG) для лікування бронхіальної астми у дітей з атопічним дерматитом
Authors: Volosovets O.P. , Dosenko V.Ye. , Kryvopustov S.P. , Pavlyk O.V. , Yemets O.V. , Stroi D.O.
Published: December 2020

Мета. Метою даного дослідження було визначити зв’язок однонуклеотидного поліморфізму в гені філагрину й експресії мРНК філагрину в букальному епітелії з фенотипом бронхіальної астми з атопічним дерматитом в анамнезі у дітей. Методи. Генотипування філагрину (rs11204981) проводили в групі хворих із бронхіальною астмою і контрольній групі за допомогою ПЛР у реальному часі. Рівень експресії мРНК оцінювався з використанням зворотної транскрипції та наступної ПЛР у реальному часі. Результати. Ми виявили, що 5 % пацієнтів основної групи і 2 % контрольної групи мали мінорну алель (АА), 27 і 36 % відповідно мали гетерозиготну алель, 67 і 61 % відповідно — мажорну алель. Варіанти з генотипом АА з rs11204981 FLG виявилися в 2,4 раза частіше у пацієнтів основної, ніж контрольної групи. Гетерозиготний варіант мав значно вищу експресію філагрину в букальному епітелії. Висновки. Ми вважаємо, що поліморфізм в гені філагрину (rs11204981) може служити як важливий прогностичний маркер для фенотипу бронхіальної астми та атопічного дерматиту і що високий рівень експресії в гетерозиготному стані може свідчити про протекторну роль даного генотипу у розвитку алергії.
Asthenia in Children with Chronic Viral Hepatitis
Authors: Lembryk I.S.
Published: December 2020

In the article results of own researches concerning peculiarities of the course of asthenic syndrome in school-aged children with chronic hepatitis B, C and mixed forms are provided. It is established that chronic hepatitis C as well as a mixed hepatitis are accompanied by more evident symptoms of deadaptation and somatogenic asthenia than hepatitis B in which psychogenic manifestations prevailed. The degree of endogenous intoxication was also higher at hepatitis C.
Гастроінтестинальна форма харчової алергії у дітей — актуальна проблема сучасності
Authors: Okhotnikova O.M. , Hladush Yu.I. , Bondarenko L.V. , Mellina K.V. , Fedushka H.M. , Pidvyshenna T.V. , Borovyk Yu.R. , Ukraiinska T.L. , Pidhirna N.V. , Shestakova O.S. , Zarudna O.F. , Hryshсhenko O.M.
Published: December 2020

Мета: визначення особливостей гастроінтестинальної алергії у дітей з алергічною і соматичною патологією.Пацієнти і методи. Обстежено 106 дітей: основна група — 60 пацієнтів з алергією, група порівняння — 46 дітей суто з патологією органів травлення. Проведено клінічні, лабораторні (загальний імуноглобулін Е) та ендоскопічні й морфологічні дослідження. Результати. Причиною харчової алергії частіше були білки коров’ячого молока, цитрусові, шоколад, полуниці. Шлунково-кишкові симптоми при алергії проявлялись больовим і диспептичним синдромами (нудота, печія), порушенням випорожнення. У 28 % хворих абдоміналгія була відсутня. Еозинофілія крові виявлена у 61,7 % дітей. Ендоскопічно рухова функція характеризувалась порушенням моторики шлунка, стравоходу або дванадцятипалої кишки, переважно рефлюксами. Незмикання кардії було діагностично значущим (χ2(1) = 14,095, φ = 0,374) для харчової алергії. Візуальні особливості слизової оболонки (лімфоїдна гіперплазія, наліт за типом «манної крупи») верхніх відділів травного тракту не мали значущого зв’язку у хворих основної і порівнюваної груп (χ2 не вище критичного значення). Відзначались випадки поєднання бронхіальної астми, алергічного риніту і харчової алергії з нормальним рівнем IgE, що зумовлено не-IgE-залежними реакціями.Висновки. Ендоскопічне й морфологічне дослідження варто застосовувати в диференціальній діагностиці алергічних і неалергічних уражень слизової оболонки травного тракту.