bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Snowball Throwing Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas XI pada Mata Pelajaran Sejarah Indonesia di SMA Pertiwi 1 Padang
Authors: Ramadhani Indah , Hastuti Hera
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya hasil belajar siswa kelas XI SMA Pertiwi 1 Padang pada mata pelajaran sejarah Indonesia. Berdasarkan hasil observasi awal, melalui wawancara kepada siswa dan juga guru mata pelajaran, diketahui penyebab rendahnya hasil belajar siswa karena kurang menariknya model pembelajaran. Pembelajaran sejarah memiliki peran yang sangat penting karena menyangkut pertumbuhan dan perkembangan karakteristik bangsa serta pembinaan integrasi yang menyangkut nasionalisme dan patriotisme.Dengan demikian guru-guru perlu menggunakan model pembelajaran yang lebih baik agar dapat melaksanakan pembelajaran secara efektif  dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar.Tujuan penelitian yaknimengetahui apakah ada pengaruh model pembelajaran snowball throwing terhadap hasil belajar siswa kelas XI pada mata pelajaran sejarah Indonesia di SMA Pertiwi 1 Padang. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian eksperimen. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan Teknik purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel 58 siswa yang terbagi dalam kelas eksperimen yaitu kelas XI MIPA 2 sebanyak 30 siswa dan kelas kontrol yaitu kelas XI MIPA 4 sebanyak 28 siswa. Data dalam penelitian ini adalah tes hasil belajar berupa Pretest dan Posttest. Teknik analisis data memakai uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, uji hipotesis, dan uji N-Gain. Hasil penelitian ini, diperoleh nilai rata-rata posttest kelas eksperimen sebesar 86,5. Pada kelas eksperimen diperoleh peningkatan pngetahuan N-Gain sebesar 0,7194 berada pada kategori tinggi. Dari hasil analisis diperoleh nilai rata-rata posttest kelas kontrol sebesar 74,4. Pada kelas kontrol diperoleh peningkatan pengetahuan N-Gain sebesar 0,5521 berada pada kategori sedang. Dan dari uji hipotesis (uji t) yang dilakukan , diperoleh hasil thitung sebesar 4,3872 dan ttabel sebesar 1,6725, sehingga nilai thitung lebih besar dan ttabel, maka H0 diterima artinya terdapat Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Snowball Throwing terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas XI pada Mata Pelajaran Sejarah Indonesia di SMA Pertiwi 1 Padang.
Kontribusi Kepemimpinan Atasan Langsung Terhadap Prestasi Kerja Pegawai Dinas Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Kabupaten Agam
Authors: Restiyandi Rhozi , Anisah Anisah , Marsidin Sufyarma , Susanti Lusi
Published: February 2024

This research was conducted by looking at the low contribution of direct superior leadership to employee work performance. The aim of this research is to obtain information about the contribution of direct superior leadership to the work performance of employees of the Agam Regency Education and Culture Service. The population of this study was 72 people and the number of samples for this study was 45 employees of the Agam Regency Education and Culture Service. The data collection technique used for research is instruments. Data analysis can determine the average percentage of each variable. Based on the analysis of research data, it can be concluded that there are several conclusions, namely (1) The leadership of direct superiors at the Agam Regency Education and Culture Service can be categorized as good with an average score of 88.86% (2) The work performance of employees at the Agam Regency Education and Culture Service can be categorized as high at 81.06%. (3) At the Agam Regency Education and Culture Service there is a direct leadership contribution to employee work performance at a significant level of 1%, with a regression coefficient of 27.6% and 72.4% influenced by other factors. It can be concluded that the contribution of superior leadership directly influences employee work performance.
Análisis historiográfico de la caricatura editorial de Unomásuno. (1977-1984)
Authors:   , Morales Esquivel Diego Francisco
Published: February 2024

Esta investigación se sitúa en lo que se ha conocido como el giro pictórico, que implica poner a las imágenes en el centro de la reflexión, y reconocimiento su relación con otras imágenes y otros discursos, a partir del mensaje que comunican. Así, pues, en esta Idónea Comunicación de Resultados se analiza la caricatura editorial de Unomásuno con valoraciones desde distintos registros, esto, para señalar cómo Unomásuno apostó por un proyecto visual en el que, tanto el fotoperiodismo, como la caricatura, fueron innovadores y se convirtieron, al menos por algunos años, en el referente obligado de la prensa mexicana. Así, hemos decidido organizar la explicación de este análisis historiográfico sobre caricaturas políticas en el período 1977-1984, en tres capítulos. En el primero, hacemos una contextualización histórica y teórica de cómo surge y el peso que adquirió el periódico Unomásuno. En el capítulo 2, a partir de la semblanza de Vázquez Lira, lo posicionamos en la tradición de los moneros, lo caracterizamos como un monero que, aunque crítico desde la postura liberal, sigue siendo tradicional, dando un lugar respetuoso a las figuras de autoridad. En el capítulo tercero, sobre la obra de Magú Planteamos a Magú, y al proyecto Unomásuno como una experimentación gráfica en la que, al lado del fotoperiodismo innovador de Pedro Valtierra, la caricatura editorial de ese diario apostó por responder a una realidad grotesca y violenta con el esperpento. En nuestras conclusiones retomamos, primero, las características señaladas para cada uno de los moneros en su capítulo. Esto para establecer semejanzas y distinciones dentro del contexto del periódico. Posteriormente hacemos una reflexión de cierre sobre cómo, en el periodo elegido, Unomásuno fue un referente del periodismo crítico mexicano.
Poder y censura cinematográfica en México, 1940-1964
Authors:   , Mino Gracia Fernando
Published: February 2024

Análisis de las maneras en que se consolidó la cultura visual moderna en el caso específico de México, en un periodo en que confluyeron profundos cambios sociales y políticos, pero también tecnológicos y experienciales. Una vertiginosa “aceleración de nuestro propio espacio de tiempo que ha convertido al globo en una unidad de experiencia”, en palabras de Reinhart Koselleck. Mi narración busca seguir los prolegómenos, para el caso mexicano, de la centralidad del “pensamiento visual” para interpretar nuestras maneras de estar en el mundo. Dicho relato se sostiene, y discute, a partir de una convención de la idea misma de cultura visual: las imágenes reproducidas mecánicamente son signos indexicales de la realidad y, por ende, tienen una cualidad performativa. Como sostiene W. J. T. Mitchell en su ensayo clásico, las imágenes no son signos dotados de un aura significante con poderes sobre sus espectadores, más bien, son medios que incitan ideas y emociones, en un diálogo entre lo visto y los que miran;5 en esa intersección se involucran también los actores e intereses que inciden en qué se mira y cómo debe mirarse. El tema central de este trabajo es la censura, un concepto fluido que se adapta y se oculta en diferentes tiempos y espacios, según el prestigio o descrédito forjado alrededor de la palabra. Censurar es preservar, defender, contener, regular, elevar. También es prohibir, mutilar, coartar, ocultar, reprimir. Es una palabra activa en el debate público del presente, aunque con una carga negativa inocultable. Su uso contemporáneo acusa las señales de un largo y sinuoso recorrido historiográfico, el cual suele soslayar sus contribuciones a los derroteros de un horizonte cultural determinado.
Beyond the call of duty: Reimagining military service through hero narratives in the US Army’s ‘The Calling’ campaign
Authors: Hyunyoung Moon
Published: February 2024

This study employs Erwin Panofsky’s iconographic analysis to decode the 2021 US Army recruiting campaign ‘The Calling’, situating it against the historical backdrop of military recruitment since the all-volunteer force’s inception. Panofsky’s framework allows for a dissection of the campaign’s layered narrative and its animated aesthetics, which notably diverge from prior campaign’s emphasis on the warrior archetype. The analysis progresses from a description of visual and narrative element’s (pre-iconography), to an investigation of symbolic meanings (iconography), culminating in an interpretation of underlying societal attitudes (iconology). ‘The Calling’ reimagines military enlistment as a heroic pursuit, echoing the superhero genre’s origin stories, and emerges as a response to waning interest in military careers. The campaign targets the zeitgeist of the young American population, offering a sense of heroism as compensation in a challenging recruitment climate marked by a robust economy and low unemployment. By presenting service as a ‘calling’, the Army navigates the complex terrain of contemporary cultural values, seeking to resonate with potential recruits on an ideological level, particularly within race and gender minority communities.
Attractiveness of the Workplace Environment of Educational Institutions in the Context of Sustainable Development
Authors: Kravale-Pauliņa Mārīte , Olga Ļivitina , Oļehnoviča Eridiana , Fjodorova Ilona
Published: February 2024

Overcoming the challenges of Covid-19, every person at an educational institution has faced changes in the workplace environment from working time, scope and content to the transformation of psychological, emotional and physical relationships. The attractiveness factors of workplace environment are essential in thinking of, developing and accepting sustainable attitude, sustainable education and sustainable development in everyday life. The aim of the article is to present the results of the research on the attractiveness factors of workplace environment and organizational culture of educational institutions from the point of view of teachers and heads of educational institutions, evaluating them in the context of sustainable development of education, based on theoretical analysis of literature sources and empirical research. Quantitative research method – survey – was used in the study. 97 participants (teachers (n=84) and heads of educational institutions (n=13)) from different educational institutions of one of the biggest cities in Latvia, Daugavpils, took part in the study. The data were processed in accordance with research ethics and personal data protection, visualized on the basis of numerical data units.

The gained data indicate that the most important factors for the attractiveness of the workplace environment for both teachers and heads of educational institutions are relationships, work fit and security. Respondent groups cite ‘responsibility’ and ‘location’ as the least important factors in making the workplace environment attractive. Workplace attractiveness factors are a combination of workplace environment and organizational culture, and they are interrelated concepts. The results of the study show that both teachers and heads of educational institutions value an innovative culture in the organization that is characterized by the following statements: ‘willing to take risks, a result-oriented, creative, stimulating, challenging’ and they appreciate a supportive culture in the organization that is characterized by the statements ‘willing to cooperate, encouraging and sociable, recognizing personal freedom’. There are statistically significant differences in opinions on the attractiveness of the workplace environment (such as ‘contribution’, ‘recognition’, ‘innovation’ and ‘responsibility’) among teachers and heads of educational institutions.
Cultivation of Saprobic Basidiomycetes (Bjerkandera adusta, Phlebiopsis gigantea and Sistotrema brinkmannii) Using Different Biological Waste Substrates
Authors: Burņeviča Natālija , Kļaviņa Dārta , Ciseļonoka Laima , Runģis Dainis E. , Gaitnieks Tālis
Published: February 2024

Development of new biological preparations to control Heterobasidion root rot is a complex process, but when a potential antagonist is identified, cultivation of the fungus is required. In this study, five different substrates (deciduous sawdust, coniferous sawdust, rye bran, straw and corn kernels) were tested as substrates for the cultivation of three fungal species: Bjerkandera adusta, Phlebiopsis gigantea, and Sistotrema brinkmannii, which could be potentially used against Heterobasidion spp. Mycelial growth was evaluated visually, and oidia production was estimated microscopically. In the straw substrate, P. gigantea produced significantly more (p < 0.05) oidia compared to the other substrates. In addition, oidia production at two different incubation temperatures were compared. As a result, the best substrate for cultivation of all three fungal species was coniferous sawdust.
Über neue und alte (Fehl)Anreize in der Reform der Vergütung von Krankenhausleistungen
Authors: Richter Wolfram F.
Published: February 2024

By international standards, Germany maintains oversized bed capacities that are spread across too many hospitals that are often also too small. It is the job of the federal states to adjust the current structure. However, they shy away from the political resistance of those directly affected, believing it is easier to let things run their course. In order to cover the costs of maintenance, hospitals often provide more treatment than is medically necessary. Federal Minister Lauterbach seeks to remedy this shortcoming, which has its true roots in inadequate planning incentives, by reforming the remuneration of hospital services. The articles shows that the goals of the reform cannot be achieved in the proposed way.
Green Growth oder Postwachstum – einige Anmerkungen zum Beitrag von Fabian Lindner
Authors: Heise Arne
Published: February 2024

In his latest article in this journal “No growth is no solution either – a critique of degrowth and post-growth approaches”, Fabian Lindner takes up an important debate: Can the goals of the Paris climate conference – limiting global warming to no more than +1.5 °C compared to the pre-industrial age – be reconciled with continued economic growth or does it require a shift away from economic growth, as suggested by the post-growth approach? Some further considerations are presented here for discussion.
Evaluation of The Risk of Falls in A Group of Older Adults: A Study in A Community in Paraíba
Authors: Barreira David Alex Magalhães , De Sousa Milena Nunes Alves
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Falls become more common with each year of aging of the elderly population, often causing irreparable consequences and becoming a public health problem. Objective: To evaluate the sociodemographic profile and prevalence of falls, as well as their perception of the fear of falling, in members of a group of elderly people at UBS Metódio de Araújo Leitão.
 
Material and methods: To assess the risk of falls, the Downton and FES-I scales were used, analyzing intrinsic and extrinsic factors that contribute to this risk. Material and methods: Interviews were carried out to understand the situations and social contexts of this population, as well as assessment with relevant clinical information, such as medical history, comorbidities, and use of medications. The data was statistically analyzed to identify fall risk patterns and associated factors.
 
Results: The average age established was 72.3 years (SD=5.47), and the variable “age group” was dichotomized around the median (72 years), with a predominance of females 13/15 (86.7 %), widowers 7/15 (50.0%), of which 10/15 (66.7%) are retired, who have an average income of up to one minimum wage 8/15 (53.03%), and live alone 6/15 (40.0%). After applying the Downton Scale to the sample, it was found that 8/15 (53.7%) of the participants had a low risk of falls, while 7/15 (46.7%) were categorized as having a high risk, mainly due to conditions such as hypertension (use of hypotensive drugs) and vision problems (use of glasses). The FES-I tool showed that the majority of participants 10/15 (66.7%) had a mild limitation in relation to the fear of falling during activities of daily living. This suggests that these individuals have moderate concerns or occasionally think about the possibility of falling, but still maintain a reasonable ability to carry out their activities without major interference from fear. Final considerations: The profile of elderly people who have suffered falls involves multiple factors, demonstrating the need for constant changes in the environment in which the elderly person lives, as well as broad and comprehensive prevention on the part of themselves and their family members.
Implementation of Partnerships Between Companies and Civil Society Organizations to Promote Financial Education in The Context of Intersectoral Esg Strategies
Authors: Lima Maria Luisa Barros , Cecchini Valeria Kabzas , Padula Roberto Sanches
Published: February 2024

Research objective: To verify how the relationship between the Third Sector and the Second Sector collaborates with the ESG agenda, aiming to answer the question “how partnerships between non-profit organizations and private companies can contribute to enabling actions focused on social, environmental and of governance, which are becoming increasingly relevant given the serious socio-environmental challenges we face?”.
 
Theoretical framework: Fischer (2002) says that the bases for building intersectoral alliances are, in Brazil, fragile and small for reasons such as: the distrust of non-profit organizations in relation to private companies and their leaders, and the lack of sensitivity of the Second Sector with socio-environmental issues.
 
Methodology: Case study of a financial education action carried out by C6 Bank in partnership with Fundação Almerinda Malaquias, in the city of Novo Airão, Amazonas, in 2022, through interviews and analysis of posts.
 
Results: It is possible to understand the important role that digital banks have been playing in financial inclusion. Social impact actions tend to be incorporated into the company's culture. The survey confirmed that C6 Bank actually went to Amazonas with the aim of providing financial education content and not just promoting itself.
Originality: Contributes to the understanding of a topic that is still little explored.
 
Theoretical and practical contributions: Creating and maintaining diverse partnerships can be a strategy in Third Sector organizations that contribute to the fulfillment of their mission and their institutional strengthening, as this process opens up new perspectives of collaboration and action for innovative organizational forms of community participation. civil society.
Dipole Magnets with a Homogeneous Field of the SKIF
Authors: Riabchenko К. К. , Starostenko А. А.
Published: February 2024

This article presents the results of calculations of C-designed dipole magnets that will be located in the SKIF storage device, four horizontal dipole magnets for the transport channel from LINAC to the booster and three dipole magnets for the channel from the booster to the storage device. The required field quality in the integral sense for the dipoles should be no worse than 5 × 10-4.
Impact of Sr-Containing Secondary Phases on Oxide Conductivity in Solid-Oxide Electrolyzer Cells
Authors: Rowberg Andrew , Slomski Heather , Kim Namhoon , Strange Nicholas , Gorman Brian , Shulda Sarah , Ginley David , Kweon Kyoung , Wood Brandon
Published: February 2024

Solid-oxide electrolyzer cells (SOECs) based on yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) oxide electrolytes are devices capable of producing hydrogen with excess thermal energy. However, beginning with initial materials sintering and extending through electrochemical aging, Sr diffusion within the Gd-doped CeO2 (GDC) barrier layer has been observed to lead to the formation of unwanted secondary phases such as SrO and SrZrO3. To establish the impact of these phases on SOEC performance, we perform firstprinciples calculations to determine secondary phase bulk oxide conductivities and compared them to that of the YSZ electrolyte. We find that SrO has a low conductivity arising from poor mobility and a low concentration of oxygen vacancies (V_O^2+), and its presence in SOECs should therefore be avoided as much as possible. SrZrO3 also has a lower oxide conductivity than YSZ; however, this discrepancy is primarily due to lower V_O^2+ concentrations, not V_O^2+ mobility. We find Y-doping to be a viable strategy to increase V_O^2+ concentrations in SrZrO3, with 16% substitution of Y on the Zr site leading to an ionic conductivity on par with that of YSZ. Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy obtained using scanning transmission electron microscropy on cross-sections of SOECs indicates that Y is the most common minority element present in SrZrO3 forming near the GDC—YSZ interface. Thus, we expect SrZrO3 to be rich in V_O^2+ and not to hinder long-term device performance. These results from our combined computational–experimental analysis can inform future materials engineering strategies designed to limit the detrimental effects of Sr-induced secondary phase formation on SOEC performance.
Toward High Selectivity of Sensor Arrays: Enhanced Adsorption Interaction and Selectivity of Gas Detection (N2, O2, NO, CO, CO2, NO2, SO2, AlH3, NH3, and PH3) on Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (MoS2, MoSe2, and MoTe2)
Authors: Szary Maciej Jan
Published: February 2024

Resistive gas sensors are essential for monitoring air quality, ensuring industrial safety, and controlling automotive emissions. However, conventional materials used for sensing layers often suffer from poor selectivity and require elevated operating temperatures, limiting their effectiveness. This study introduces a novel approach to address these challenges by utilizing the intrinsic physicochemical properties of Mo-bearing transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). The findings reveal that variable charge availability on TMD surfaces leads to highly selective adsorption enhancements, resulting in significant differences in the TMD responses to various molecules, even at room temperature. This results in an exceptional relative sensitivity of the TMD monolayers, which in the case of combustion products exceeds what is feasible under the same conditions by conventional sensing materials such as ZnO and TiO2 by three orders of magnitude. Such an unprecedented variation in responses results in distinct sensing profiles. This enables effective cross-referencing of responses, offering significant benefits for sensor arrays. Consequently, even in relatively simple setups, TMD-based devices have the potential to prevent false-positive signals and even enable the determination of the composition of gas mixtures, which, if utilized, could revolutionize the field of gas monitoring with innovative lab-on-a-chip solutions.
Atomically precise inorganic helices with a programmable irrational twist
Authors: Cordova Dmitri , Chua Kenneth , Kerr Tyler , Aoki Toshihiro , Knez David , Skorupskii Grigorii , Lopez Diana , Ziller Joseph , Fishman Dmitry , Arguilla Maxx
Published: February 2024

Helicity in atomic scale structures often arises from the precise ordering of cooperative intra- and inter-molecular bonding interactions. The exclusivity of these interactions to natural, organic, or molecular systems has limited the demonstration and understanding of helical motifs in densely packed solid-state lattices. Herein, we report that the ordering of Ga atoms in GaSeI, a representative crystal from an exfoliable class of atomically precise III-VI-VII 1D van der Waals (vdW) crystals, manifests the elusive Boerdijk-Coxeter (B-C) helix motif. B-C helicity is a rare non-repeating geometric pattern arising from the distinct face-sharing order of well-defined tetrahedra with adjacent vertices defined by an irrational rotational or twist angle, previously thought to only exist in macro- to molecular-scale structures but not at the atomic scale. Using InSeI and GaSeI as models, we show that the structural degree of freedom in a 1D vdW lattice generally allows for the systematic twisting of a tetrahelical lattice defined by a periodic 41 screw axis in InSeI to its infinitely extending B-C helix counterpart in GaSeI. Helical coordinate analysis of GaSeI reveals that the Ga atoms forming the [GaSe3I]∞ repeating motif display B-C helicity whereas Se and I atoms order as concentric tetrahelices that form B-C helix variants with systematically expanded helical radii. This discovery of ideal B-C helicity in optically active vdW lattices exfoliable down to single helix chains presents a distinctive materials platform towards understanding aperiodic helicity and chirality in low-dimensional solids, enabling new opportunities in designing well-defined solid state materials for quantum transport and long-range chirality-driven phenomena.
Light-Driven Polymer Recycling to Monomers and Small Molecules
Authors: Wimberger Laura , Ng Gervase , Boyer Cyrille
Published: February 2024

Only a small proportion of global plastic waste is recycled, of which most is mechanically recycled into lower quality materials. The alternative, chemical recycling, enables renewed production of pristine materials, but generally comes at a high energy cost, particularly for processes like pyrolysis. This review focuses on light-driven approaches for chemically recycling and upcycling plastic waste, with emphasis on reduced energy consumption and selective transformations not achievable with heat-driven methods. We focus on challenging to recycle backbone structures, mainly C‒C, which lack functional groups i.e. esters or amides, that facilitate chemical recycling e.g. by solvolysis. We discuss the use of light, either in conjunction with heat to drive depolymerization to monomers or via photocatalysis to transform polymers into valuable small molecules. The structural prerequisites for these approaches are outlined, highlighting their advantages as well as limitations. We conclude with an outlook, addressing key challenges, opportunities, and provide guidelines for future photocatalyst development.
Research and Application of Artificial Intelligence in Electric Guitar Performance
Authors: Li Tianchang
Published: February 2024

The article explores the application of artificial intelligence technology in electric guitar playing. It delvesinto the advantages of artificial intelligence and its seamless integration into electric guitar performance. Additionally, itinvestigates the application of artificial intelligence technology through an intelligent playing robot. The research aims tooffer substantial support for the advancement of artificial intelligence in electric guitar performance.
Coexistence of Pseudotumor Cerebri and Chiari Malformation Type 1
Authors: Ten Barış , Bağdatoğlu Celal , Yüksek Hasan Hüsnü , Temel Gülhan , Balcı Yüksel
Published: February 2024

Objective: To identify different radiological markers for the diagnosis of the coexistence of pseudotumor cerebri and Chiari malformation type 1. Method: Patients who were clinically suspected to have Chiari malformation type 1 and were referred to the Department of Radiology between 2007 and 2020, and whose diagnosis was radiologically confirmed through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), were retrospectively evaluated. A total of 49 Chiari malformation type 1 patients with both cervical and cerebral examinations and 49 control subjects of the same age and gender without a diagnosis of Chiari malformation type 1 were included in the study. In Chiari malformation type 1 diagnosed patients, the presence of pseudotumor cerebri, the presence of syringomyelia in cervical spinal MRI images, and the distance of cerebellar tonsils and obex according to McRae line were evaluated in millimeters. Result: In Chiari malformation type 1 clinically and radiologically diagnosed cases, the cerebellar tonsils and obex were located lower in patients with a radiological diagnosis of pseudotumor cerebri compared to those without, and the rate of accompanying syringomyelia appeared to be higher. However, no statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups. Conclusion: The coexistence of pseudotumor cerebri and Chiari malformation type 1 is more common than previously estimated. Different treatment protocols in the coexistence of pseudotumor cerebri and Chiari malformation type 1 emphasize the importance of making this diagnosis. Further radiological imaging studies are needed to identify different radiological markers for the diagnosis of the coexistence of pseudotumor cerebri and Chiari malformation type 1.
A Comprehensive Study on the Digestive Endoscopic Technique and Narrow-Band Imaging for Early Gastric Cancer Screening
Authors: Ma Jing
Published: February 2024

Objective: To explore the implementation of gastrointestinal endoscopy technology and endoscopic narrow-band imaging (NBI) in the early screening of gastric cancer and to observe and study their application effects. Methods: During the period from March 2023 to August 2023, 312 patients who received gastroscopy in the Kunming Guandu District People’s Hospital were selected, and they underwent both conventional gastroscopy and endoscopic NBI, with clinicopathological tissue biopsy serving as the gold standard. The application value for early screening of gastric cancer was observed and analyzed. Results: The scoring data showed that the clarity of gastric mucosal glandular tube structure, microvascular structure clarity, and lesion contour scoring data of conventional gastroscopy were lower than those of the NBI technology (P < 0.05). The screening rate of pathological biopsy in 312 patients was 18.59% (58 cases). Conventional gastroscopy showed a screening rate of 11.53% (36 cases), while NBI technology examined a screening rate of 17.63% (55 cases), and the two-by-two comparison of the screening rate data of the three groups was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of conventional gastroscopy appeared to be lower than those of NBI technology (P < 0.05). Conclusion: In the early screening of gastric cancer, endoscopic NBI technology can be applied to patients. Compared with conventional gastroscopy, it provides a clearer visualization of the structure of the gastric mucosal glandular structure and microvascular structure, with a certain screening rate. Additionally, its sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value are higher, demonstrating outstanding effectiveness.
Expression of CD151 in Gastric Cancer Tissues and Its Clinical Significance
Authors: Liu Chunhua , Song Dekuan , Gong Xiaoying , Hao Xin , Chang Baokun , Deng Bin
Published: February 2024

Objective: To explore the expression of CD151 in gastric cancer tissues and its clinical significance. Methods: Immunohistochemistry was employed to detect the expression of CD151 in gastric cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues.The relationship between CD151 expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of gastric cancer was analyzed. Results: The expression of CD151 in gastric cancer tissues was significantly higher than in adjacent normal tissues (P <0.05). It was associated with the degree of differentiation, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, and TNM staging ofgastric cancer. The survival time of patients with high CD151 expression was significantly shorter than that of those withlow expression (P < 0.05). Conclusion: High expression of CD151 in gastric cancer tissues is correlated with the malignantbiological behavior of gastric cancer and can serve as an indicator for evaluating the prognosis of gastric cancer.
Analyzing the Combination Effects of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Motor Control Training on Balance Function and Gait in Patients with Stroke-Induced Hemiplegia
Authors: Ma Xiaoqing , Ma Zhen , Xu Ye , Han Meng , Yan Hui
Published: February 2024

Objective: To analyze the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with motor control training on the treatment of stroke-induced hemiplegia, specifically focusing on the impact on patients’ balance functionand gait. Methods: Fifty-two cases of hemiplegic stroke patients were randomly divided into two groups, 26 in the control group and 26 in the observation group, using computer-generated random grouping. All participants underwent conventional treatment and rehabilitation training. In addition to these, the control group received repetitive transcranialmagnetic pseudo-stimulation therapy + motor control training, while the observation group received repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation therapy + motor control training. The balance function and gait parameters of both groups were compared before and after the interventions and assessed the satisfaction of the interventions in both groups. Results: Before the invention, there were no significant differences in balance function scores and each gait parameter between the two groups (P > 0.05). However, after the intervention, the observation group showed higher balance function scores compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The observation group also exhibited higher step speed and step frequency, longer step length, and a higher overall satisfaction level with the intervention compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The combination of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and motor control training in the treatment of stroke-induced hemiplegia has demonstrated positive effects. It not only improves the patient’s balance function and gait but also contributes to overall physical rehabilitation.
Detective Fiction in Victorian England
Authors: Sun Dawei
Published: February 2024

This paper explores the origins and evolution of detective fiction, debunking the myth surrounding SherlockHolmes’ famous quote and highlighting his enduring popularity. It traces the genre’s inception back to Edgar Allan Poe’sThe Murders in the Rue Morgue in 1841 and underscores the societal and political changes in 18th and 19th centuryEngland that paved the way for its rise. With the growth of the middle class and the demand for accessible entertainment,periodicals emerged as a key medium for short stories, with detective fiction becoming a prominent genre. This paper alsoemphasizes how Arthur Conan Doyle’s Sherlock Holmes stories achieved commercial success and influenced a generationof writers, while the public’s passionate response to his character’s temporary demise underscores the genre’s profoundimpact on readers and its enduring popularity.
KELAYAKAN LEMBAR PENUGASAN TERSTRUKTUR KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS PADA MATERI LAJU REAKSI UNTUK MELATIHKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS
Authors: Yumansyah Calvin Andana , Suyono Suyono
Published: February 2024

Penelitian LPT-KBKi bertujuan untuk menghasilkan Lembar Penugasan Terstruktur Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis yang memiliki kelayakan sebagai perangkat pembelajaran kimia pada materi laju reaksi dalam melatihkan keterampilan berpikir kritis. LPT-KBKi dikembangkan menggunakan metode Research and Develompment (R&D). 15 peserta didik SMAN 1 Tarik yang memperoleh materi laju reaksi sebagai sasaran uji efektivitas LPT-KBKi . Instrumen yang digunakan terdiri atas lembar telaah, lembar validasi, lembar angket respons peserta didik, dan lembar tes keterampilan berpikir kritis. Tahapan penelitian antara lain: (1) mengumpulkan penelitian pendahuluan; (2) merumuskan masalah dan potensi harapan; (3) merancang desain LPT-KBKi; (4) validasi LPT-KBKi; (5) revisi desain LPT-KBKi; (6) uji coba LPT-KBKi; (7) revisi LPT-KBKi. Hasil kevalidan LPT-KBKi untuk tiap soal dengan nilai Mo ≥ 4.  Hasil respons peserta didik terhadap komponen indikator keterampilan berpikir kritis sebesar 100% (sangat praktis). Pengujian efektivitas berdasarkan hasil tes berbentuk desain one group pretest-posttest. Berdasarkan hasil uji-t satu pihak diperoleh hasil thitung > ttabel, yaitu 37,25 > 1,76. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan terhadap penggunaan LPT-KBKi. Simpulan berdasarkan hasil tersebut Lembar Penugasan Terstruktur Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis (LPT-KBKi) menjadi perangkat pembelajaran yang layak untuk melatihkan keterampilan berpikir kritis.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI TERBIMBING PADA MATERI LAJU REAKSI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN LITERASI SAINS SISWA SMK
Authors: El-Haqq Wildan Takhis , Mitarlis Mitarlis
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan keterlaksanaan pembelajaran, aktivitas siswa, kemampuan literasi sains, hasil belajar, dan respon siswa terhadap penerapan model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing pada materi laju reaksi. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Sasaran penelitian ini adalah 25 siswa kelas XI jurusan kimia analis di SMKN 1 Pasuruan. Metode pengumpulan data yaitu metode pengamatan, tes, dan angket. Penelitian menunjukkan hasil sebagai berikut: (1) Keterlaksanaan pembelajaran memperoleh rata-rata 96,7 % termasuk kategori sangat baik. (2) Aktivitas siswa yang relevan sebesar 92,2% dan 95 % dengan kriteria sangat baik. (3) Hasil belajar siswa 100% telah tuntas memenuhi standar kriteria ketuntasan minimum. (4) Hasil kemampuan literasi sains siswa mengalami peningkatan kategori sedang 16% dan kategori tinggi 84% dengan rata rata skor N-Gain 0,7 dengan kategori tinggi. (5) Siswa memberikan respon baik terhadap model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing untuk meningkatkan kemampuan literasi sains.
Study of crucial factors for minimizing the roughness of chemical coatings with Ni – P and Ni – Cu – P alloys
Authors: Vinokurov E. G. , Gainetdinov C. R. , Grafushin R. V. , Skopintsev V. D. , Vasilev V. V. , Burukhina T. F.
Published: February 2024

The surface roughness of coatings has a significant impact on their functional properties and efficiency. We present the results of studying the effect of the main technological parameters on the roughness of chemical coatings with Ni – P and Ni – Cu – P alloys. The key factors affecting the roughness of coatings were determined by the Taguchi method. Parameters of the coating process were varied in the experiments: concentration of components in solution, pH, temperature, and the time of deposition. It is found that the surface roughness increases linearly with the thickness of coatings. The concentration of sodium hypophosphite and pH value have the greatest influence on the development of roughness. It is shown that the lowest roughness is observed at concentrations of sodium hypophosphite and copper salt 0.358 and 0.0012 mol/liter, pH 5.8 and temperature 90 °C. The rate of the surface roughness development for Ni – P and Ni – Cu – P coatings under optimal conditions is 0.68 and 0.97 %/μm (before optimization — 6.72 %/μm). The obtained results can be used to improve the methodology for reducing the roughness of coatings with Ni – P and Ni – Cu – P alloys and, accordingly, to improve the functionality, wear resistance and quality of coatings.
Antroposen Çağda İklim Değişikliği Anlatıları: Kurgusallaştırılmış Bilim Bilimselleştirilmiş Kurgu
Authors: TOSKA Sezgin
Published: February 2024

21. yüzyılda iklim krizi, yaşamın bir parçası haline gelen, nedenleri ve sonuçları göz önünde bulundurulduğunda insanların göz ardı edemeyeceği, yok sayamayacağı gündemlerden biri olmuştur. haline gelmiştir. Bu da beraberinde iklim krizinin ele alınması hususunda yeni anlatılara ihtiyaç duyulmasına neden olmuştur. İklim krizinin, yeryüzünün fiziksel, bilimsel, kültürel, felsefi, sosyolojik, psikolojik, spirütüel, politik vb. dönüşümlere tanıklık edilirken antroposen çağda yazılan iklim edebiyatında nasıl ele alındığı, nasıl ele alınması gerekliliği bir noktada yaşanan iklim krizinin kendisi kadar önemli hale gelebilmiştir. Bu noktada Antroposen çağda yazılan iklim edebiyatı kurgu-gerçek ilişkisi bağlamında bilim sanat ekseninde ele alınmaya çalışılacaktır. İklim edebiyatı içerisine dahil edilen eserlerin iklim krizini ele alırken bilimsel verileri nasıl kullandığı dahası bu bilimsel veri ve bilgilerin üzerine ne katabileceği seçilen örnekler üzerinden tartışılmaya çalışılacaktır. Kurgu anlatılar iklim krizinin/değişikliğinin sadece doğa/fen bilimleri özellikleriyle ilgili bilgi vermekle yetinmeyip, bu krizin somutlaştırılıp, gözle görülebilir, elle tutulabilir hale gelmesine yardımcı olacak imge, kavram ve örneklerle söz konusu krizin gündelik yaşamda, insanların psikolojisinde sosyal hayatlarında, yaşadıkları toplumda ve ülkelerde nasıl deneyimlenebileceği konusunda da fikir sahibi olmalarına yardımcı olabilmektedir. Bu bağlamda sanatsal ve edebi özellik ile gücünün yanı sıra ekokurgu anlatılar disiplinlerarası ve disiplinlerüstü çalışmaların sonuçlarının halka ulaşacağı bir köprü görevi görebilmekte ya da bu fen, sosyal ve insani bilimler alanları bu anlatılarda bir araya getirerek displinler arası ya da disiplinler üstü çalışmayı bizzat kendisi üzerine vazife edinerek organize edebilmekte böylesine bir potansiyele sahip olduğunu da ortaya koyabilmektedir. Bir yandan bilimsel disiplinlerle işbirliği sayesinde gerçekliğe sıkı bağlı kalırken diğer yandan sanatın ve kurgunun vermiş olduğu özgürlük alanını kullanarak söz konusu bilgilerin aktarımı ve farklı disiplinlerle ve farklı boyutlarıyla insanların üzerindeki farklı etkilere neden olabilecek imkanların oluşturulmasına da yol açabilmektedirler.
İdeal bir Türkçe Dersi Öğretim Programı nasıl olmalıdır?
Authors: YILDIRIM Dilek
Published: February 2024

Türkçe eğitimi akademisyenleri, Türkçe ders kitabı yazarları, Türkçe öğretmenleri ve Türkçe öğretmeni adayları; Türkçe Dersi Öğretim Programı’nın içeriği, yapısı, işleyiş ve anlayışı konularında yetkin olması gereken paydaşlarıdır. Araştırmanın amacı, ideal bir Türkçe Dersi Öğretim Programı’nın niteliklerini Türkçe eğitimi alanında çalışan akademisyenler, Türkçe ders kitabı yazarları, Türkçe öğretmenleri ve Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının görüşleri doğrultusunda belirlemektir. Araştırma nitel araştırma desenlerinden olgubilim deseni olarak planlanmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu; Millî Eğitim Bakanlığına bağlı devlet okullarında görev yapan yedi Türkçe öğretmeni, Türkçe eğitimi alan uzmanlığına sahip yedi akademisyen, ortaokula yönelik Türkçe ders kitabı yazmış olan dört Türkçe ders kitabı yazarı ve yedi Türkçe öğretmeni adayı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veriler üçgenleme yaklaşımı kullanılarak görüşme formu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında toplanan veriler, içerik analizi ile çözümlenmiştir. Araştırmada elde edilen veriler; dinleme/izleme becerisi, konuşma becerisi, okuma becerisi, yazma becerisi, söz varlığı öğretimi, dil bilgisi öğretimi, ölçme değerlendirme yaklaşımı çerçevesinde yorumlanmıştır. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre ideal bir Türkçe Dersi Öğretim Programı’nda kazanımların nitelikli olması, kazanımların sınıf seviyelerine göre düzenlenmesi, kazanımların ve beceri alanlarının teknoloji odaklı olması, becerilerin diğer becerilerle ilişkili olarak ele alınması, programın rehberlik edecek nitelikte olması, ölçme değerlendirme yaklaşım ve araçlarının çeşitlilik içermesi, ölçme değerlendirme kriterlerinin programda yer alması ve ölçme değerlendirme sürecinin uygulama boyutunun beceri odaklı, bilişsel taksonomiyle uyumlu, kazanımlara yönelik olması gerektiği belirtilmiştir.
Cognición extendida y símbolos de la velada mazateca con hongos psilocibios
Authors: Caynas Rojas Seriad , Mercadillo Roberto E.
Published: February 2024

El resurgimiento de la medicina psicodélica ha identificado los beneficios terapéuticos de la psilocibina, pero considerado pocos aspectos fuera de sus efectos neurobiológicos y sintomatologías psiquiátricas. La velada mazateca es una práctica tradicional de sanación mediante el uso de hongos psilocibios. En este trabajo, analizamos sus elementos simbólicos y los comprendemos bajo la cognición extendida y un resignificado efecto placebo. Mostramos que las creencias sobre la sacralidad de los hongos, el papel activo del paciente, la representación del chamán, y los espacios físicos y actos en la ceremonia, constituyen elementos simbólicos que inciden en los efectos farmacológicos de la psilocibina y en el bienestar del paciente. La velada brinda guías para incorporar elementos cognitivos extra-cerebrales en la resurgida medicina psicodélica.
Qualitative-environmental aspects of products improvement in SMEs from V4 countries
Authors: Siwiec Dominika , Pacana Andrzej , Gavurová Beáta , Ključnikov Aleksandr , Nagy Szabolcs
Published: February 2024

Sustainable development has caused companies to try to adapt their activities to changing customer expectations, but also to climate change. This poses a particular challenge for SMEs from developing countries. Therefore, the objective of the investigation was to analyse the qualitative-environmental aspects of the improvement of the products in SMEs from the countries of the Visegrad Group (V4). The results analysed constituted a research sample of 379 companies in the electrical machinery industry (machine processing industry), which were obtained in the period from March to September 2023 through a targeted survey. The area of analysis included, e.g.: (i) environmental issues of selected areas of activity, (ii) measures of environmental activity, and (iii) selected qualitative-environmental aspects. Analyses of the research results were carried out using quantitative and qualitative analyses, including comparative analyses, e.g. regarding the implementation status of ISO 14001, EMAS, and ISO 9001. These techniques were used: word cloud, ANOVA test and Mann Whitney U test at the significance level of α=0.05. It has been shown that SMEs in V4 countries focus their activities on improving products to improve their quality rather than limiting their negative environmental impact. Originality of the research is the identification of significant differences in the qualitative-environmental aspects undertaken when SMEs from V4 countries. Research results may contribute to the development activities more effective and coherent in the V4 countries, to achieve a stable and competitive advantage on the market as part of the qualitative and environmental improvement of the products. The research results and the conclusions drawn from them can be used by scientists and practitioners to shape the target states of enterprises in the period of increasing involvement in proecological ideas.
Built forms and underlying geometries in 20th century architecture: Muuratsalo House and Leicester Engineering Department Building
Authors: Cianci Maria Grazia , Calisi Daniele , Botta Stefano , Colaceci Sara , Fernandez Raga Sagrario , Rodriguez Fernandez Carlos , Schiaroli Michela
Published: February 2024

By starting from the notions of rhythm, rule, and the analogy between architecture and music, the research focuses on the analysis and the representation of architecture and, in particular, of facades by comparing two case studies: Muuratsalo House by Alvar Aalto (1952-53) and the Leicester Engineering Department Building by James Stirling and James Gowan (1959-63). The methodology is based on the comparison among some specific facade categories: texture, basic compositional signs (connection to the ground, windows, connection to the sky), and geometries. The operating methodology follows these phases: i) the analysis of project drawings and photographic documentation; ii) two-dimensional reconstruction in CAD of plans, fronts, and sections; iii) NURBS modeling. By analyzing Muuratsalo House’s facades through 2D representations and 3D models, the research highlights the proportional and compositional relationship between walls and openings as a leading principle. The study on the patio’s fronts shows how this association gets more complex because the textures, rhythm, and geometry of the materials become the main elements in the compositional grammar of the house. In the case of the Leicester Engineering Department, the model allows the understanding of the general volumetric articulation. The whole configuration is characterized by the juxtaposition of multiple volumes, which impacts the facades, whose openings direct rhythms, textures, and geometries.