bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMBANGUNAN ZONA INTEGRITAS DI PENGADILAN TATA USAHA NEGARA TANJUNGPINANG / DEVELOPMENT OF THE INTEGRITY ZONE IN TANJUNGPINANG ADMINISTRATIVE COURT
Authors: MOSEPA ANDRI , RAHMAN AGUS ABDUR , ROZARIUS FEBRIANSYAH
Published: March 2022

Lembaga pengadilan harus mendapatkan kepercayaan penuh dari masyarakat Indonesia dengan mewujudkan proses peradilan ke dalam suatu proses yang sederhana, cepat dan dengan biaya yang ringan tanpa mengesampingkan ketelitian dan kecermatan dalam mencari kebenaran dan keadilan. Salah satu hal yang dapat membantu mewujudkan hal tersebut adalah dengan penerapan Reformasi Birokrasi serta pelaksanaan Pembangunan Zona Integritas Menuju Wilayah Bebas dari Korupsi dan Wilayah Birokrasi Bersih dan Melayani. Pada tahun 2018, Mahkamah Agung RI melalui Sekretaris Mahkamah Agung RI menunjuk Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara Tanjungpinang sebagai salah satu pengadilan yang ditunjuk untuk mewujudkan Pembangunan Zona Integritas Menuju Wilayah Bebas dari Korupsi dan Wilayah Birokrasi Bersih dan Melayani. Pengadilan-pengadilan yang ditunjuk dalam hal ini ditugaskan untuk melaksanakan Pembangunan Zona Integritas Menuju Wilayah Bebas dari Korupsi dan Wilayah Birokrasi Bersih dan Melayani di satuan kerjanya masing-masing, yang kemudian akan dilakukan penilaian oleh Tim Penilai Internal dan Tim Penilai Eksternal serta dilanjutkan dengan survei dari Lembaga Survei Independen yang akan berujung kepada peninjauan skor Reformasi Birokrasi Mahkamah Agung RI. Hasil penilaian tersebut akan dijadikan sebagai bahan pertimbangan Tim Penilai Nasional yang diketuai oleh Wakil Presiden RI untuk menentukan kelayakan Mahkamah Agung RI dalam hal kenaikan tunjangan kinerja Pegawai Non-Hakim Mahkamah Agung RI.Court institutions should gain the trust from Indonesian society with achieving a simple, fast and cost-effective of judicial process without compromising on accuracy and precision to seek out the truth and justice. One of the things that can encourage is by the implementation of Bureaucratic Reforms as well as the Development of the Integrity Zone Towards Corruption-Free Zone nor Clean and Serving Bureaucracy Zone. In 2018, the Supreme Court of Republic Indonesia through the Secretary of the Supreme Court of Republic Indonesia was pointed Tanjungpinang Administrative Court as one of the courts in order to manifest the Development of the Integrity Zone Towards Corruption-Free Zone nor Clean and Serving Bureaucracy Zone. The nominated courts were assigned to implement the Development of the Integrity Zone Towards Corruption-Free Zone nor Clean and Serving Bureaucracy Zone in each court, which will be assessed by Internal Assessor Team and External Assessor Team and surveyed by Independent Survey Institution which will lead to Bureaucratic Reform score review for the Supreme Court of Republic Indonesia. The result will be considered by National Assessor Team that chaired by the Vice President of Republic Indonesia to determine the eligibility of the Supreme Court of Republic Indonesia to obtain performance allowances enhancement for Supreme Court of Republic Indonesia’s Non-Judge Employees.
ONRECHTMATIG OVERHEIDSDAAD OLEH PEMERINTAH DARI SUDUT PANDANG UNDANG-UNDANG ADMINISTRASI PEMERINTAHAN / ACT AGAINST THE LAW BY THE GOVERNMENT FROM THE VIEW POINT OF THE LAW OF GOVERNMENT ADMINISTRATION
Authors: BIMASAKTI MUHAMMAD ADIGUNA
Published: March 2022

Sejak diberlakukannya Undang-Undang No. 30 Tahun 2014 tentang Administrasi Pemerintahan, banyak terjadi perubahan paradigma di bidang Hukum Administrasi Pemerintahan, termasuk mengenai hukum acara dan kewenangan mengadili sengketa administrasi. Dahulu, Tindakan Administrasi yang berbentuk tidak tertulis (feitelijk handelingen) tidak dapat digugat kepada PTUN selaku peradilan administrasi. Kewenangan mengadili untuk Tindakan ini berada di Pengadilan Negeri dengan asumsi bahwa perbuatan tersebut adalah perbuatan melawan hukum layaknya PMH pada umumnya namun dilakukan oleh Penguasa, sehingga dikenal dengan sebutan Perbuatan Melawan Hukum oleh Pemerintah (Onrechtmatig Overheidsdaad). Namun kemudian dengan adanya Undang-Undang No. 30 Tahun 2014 Tentang Administrasi Pemerintahan ini maka terjadi pergeseran kewenangan dari Peradilan Umum kepada Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara, yang kemudian ditafsirkan pula oleh Mahkamah Agung melalui SEMA No. 4 Tahun 2016.Since the enactment of Law no. 30 of 2014 on Government Administration, there are many paradigm shifts in the field of Administrative Law, including the procedure law and the authority to hear administrative disputes. In the past, unwritten (Factual) Deeds of the Government (feitelijk handelingen) could not be sued to the Administrative Court. The authority to hear and decide for this dispute was in the District Court with the assumption that the act is an Unlawful Act (PMH) in general but done by the Government, thus known as The Unlawful Acts by The Government (Onrechtmatig Overheidsdaad). But then with the existence of Law No. 30 of 2014 on Government Administrastion, there is a shift of authority from the District (General) Court (Pengadilan Negeri) to the State Administrative Court (PTUN), which was then interpreted also by the Supreme Court (MA) through SEMA No. 4 of 2016.
ANGKANISASI SEBAGAI JAMINAN KEPASTIAN HUKUM DALAM KONTEKS UNDANG-UNDANG ADMINISTRASI PEMERINTAHAN
Authors: Elpah Dani , Manao Disiplin F.
Published: March 2022

Kepastian Hukum merupakan salah satu asas yang harus tercermin dalam materi muatan Peraturan Perundang-undangan, di antara tujuan diadakannya Undang Undang Administrasi Pemerintahan adalah untuk menciptakan kepastian hukum, Alternatif model yang di pergunakan untuk mengimplementasikan asas kepastian hukum dalam Undang-Undang Administrasi Pemerintahan adalah dengan metode angkanisasi.
Tantangan dan Peluang Kompensasi Ganti Rugi di Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara
Authors: Simanjuntak Enrico
Published: March 2022

AbstrakSebagai bagian dialog penegakan hukum dalam kerangka negara hukum, sinergi dan pembagian peran penegakan hukum antara kekuasaan eksekutif dan yudikatif sangat fundamental dan elemental. Bagaimana suatu putusan dilaksanakan (eksekusi) memang merupakan domain kekuasaan eksekutif. Namun implementasi pelaksanaan putusan pengadilan akan mempengaruhi efektifitas dan kepercayaan atas kekuasaan kehakiman, dalam jangka panjang menentukan tujuan penegakan hukum. Mekanisme kompensasi ganti rugi di Peratun membutuhkan pembenahan dan perhatian dari semua stakeholder terkait. Dengan pendekatan deskriptif-analitik, tulisan ini bermaksud mendiskusikan beberapa isu pokok yang mempengaruhi keterbatasan optimalisasi sarana pemulihan (remedy) melalui tuntutan ganti rugi dalam konteks penegakan keadilan administratif (administrative justice) di Indonesia.
Kedudukan Pengadilan Tinggi Tata Usaha Negara sebagai Pengadilan Tingkat Pertama (Jo. Pasal 51 ayat 3 UU 5/1986) Pasca Berlakunya Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2014 tentang Adminitrasi Pemerintahan
Authors: Mawardi Irvan
Published: March 2022

The Political Law of Act Number 30 of 2014 on Government Administration regulates do administrative effort must be taken before sues to administrative court. According to Article 76 paragraph 3 the Administrative Court has the authority to examine and adjudicate state administrative disputes after being taken by the Administrative Efforts. But on the other Act Number 05 of 1986 on Administrative Court concerning Article 48 jo. Article 51 Paragraph (3) also authorizes the High Administrative Court as the first degree court to examine and adjudicate on administrative decision that have been resolved through Administrative Efforts. This article try to analyze First, the pattern of administrative dispute resolution in the Administrative Court after ratification of Act Number 30 of 2014 on Government Administration. Second, the position and authority of the High AdministrativeCourt as the first degree court after ratification of Act Number 30 of 2014 on Government Administration?
Validation and Quality Assurance: Risk and Potential of Process Changes
Authors: Werner Rolf G.
Published: March 2022

The development of biotechnical processes is a very complex operation. It involves the creation and verification of a strong expression system, selection and characterization of an appropriate host cell, optimization of a fermentation media, design of a fermentation process yielding
high product titers, development of a tailor-made recovery process resulting in high yields and product quality, scale up of the biotechnical process to the commercial scale, formulation of the final product, validation of the entire process, analytical product characterization, and a comprehensive
stability programme of the cell line and the final product.In many cases the time frame for such a development programme is determined by the competitive situation, therapeutic needs, patent life-span, and the return on investment. In addition, host vector systems, manufacturing technologies,
and protein analytical methods improve rapidly and as a result regulatory standards become tighter.As a consequence of the rapid evolution in this field, a process can lose its economic value within five years after launch of the product and product quality might no longer correspond to
the actual state of the art. Both facts can be the driving force for process changes in the vector system, the host cell, the cell culture media, fermentation technology, scale, purification process and the manufacturing site.In order to comply with the clinical results of the Process
License Application (PLA) for the product, extensive development-chemistry is required to demonstrate product identity and efficacy after process changes.In cases where product quality is influenced by the manufacturing process, which is often the case for the production of complex glycoproteins,
the question of the pharmacological significance of different glycoforms is raised. Process changes with this impact certainly require bioequivalence studies with the product derived from the modified process in comparison to the product derived from the previous process. If the results of
such studies would show a significant difference between the products of both processes, phase III studies with an appropriate number of patients would have to be carried out.
Ein Umweltchemie-Praktikum an der Fachhochschule Darmstadt
Authors: Fischer Peter , Hüttenhain Stefan , Kramb Volker , Wiskamp Volker
Published: March 2022

It should be an aim of chemical education to make students meet aspects of environmental protection in the lab courses. Students at the Fachhochschule Darmstadt carry out model experiments on metal (Ag, Cu) and polymer (PMMA, PET, PS, paper) recycling and on air and water purification like gas washing, charcoal adsorption, or treatment with H2O2 and UV light. They are made familiar with analytical methods like AAS, UV/VIS spectroscopy and polarography to determine traces of heavy metals in the environment and work on a research project on decontamination of soil.
Biosynthesis of the Textile Dye Indigo by a Recombinant Bacterium
Authors: Ensley Burt D.
Published: March 2022

The biosynthesis of indigo by microorganisms can be manipulated through molecular biological techniques that alter the stability, activity, and final product of biosynthetic pathways in the cell. Transformed microorganisms may synthesize indigo at commercially significant rates and yields from glucose and other simple precursors. A cluster of five genes comprising the tryptophan biosynthetic operon and containing an altered trpB gene causes a host cell to synthesize high levels of indole from glucose after introduction into Escherichia coli. The addition of four genes encoding the naphthalene dioxygenase enzyme system enables the organism to rapidly oxidize indole to indigo, which is secreted into the fermentation medium. The synthesis by fermentation of indigo may be a cost-competitive approach if optimization and scale-up efforts are successful.
Neue Chromogene mit verdrillten π-Elektronensystemen – Über Indigo und 'Überindigo'
Authors: Beck Albert , Gompper Rudolf , Hartmann Karsten , Yokogawa Kazufumi
Published: March 2022

No abstract.
Herstellung und Anwendung von Carotinoiden
Authors: Paust Joachim
Published: March 2022

Schlüsselbausteine für Carotinoid-Synthesen werden aus petrochemischen Grundchemikalien aufgebaut. Breite Anwendung finden dabei sigmatrope Umlagerungen sowie Lithium- und Magnesium-organische Reaktionen. Im Zentrum stehen Synthesen der Polyen-Systeme durch Wittig-Olefinierung. Die anwendungstechnischen Arbeiten konzentrieren sich auf die Herstellung mikrokristalliner Wirkstoff-Dispersionen und deren Schutz vor oxidativer und photochemischer Zerstörung. Als physiologisch unbedenkliche Naturstoffe eignen sich Carotinoide zur Färbung von Lebensmitteln. Im Organismus wirken Carotinoide chemopräventiv, und zwar als Antioxidantien und Radikalfänger sowie durch Aktivierung der Zell-Zell-Kommunikation.
Malononitrile, a Synthetic Tool for New Chromophoric Systems
Authors: Adam Jean-Marie , Sutter Peter , Winkler Tammo
Published: March 2022

New near-IR-absorbing dyes were synthesized by condensation of the dicyanovinyl derivative of 1-acetyl-3-oxo-2,3-dihydroindole with nitroso compounds. The resulting products were found to be mixtures (ca. 9:1) of the (E)- and (Z)-isomers. The more bathochromic (E)-form could be converted into the (Z)-form by heating in methanol. At higher temperature new cyclization products were obtained. A mechanism of the isomerisation and cyclization is proposed.
Moleküldesign bei Fluoreszenzfarbstoffen
Authors: Hartmann Horst
Published: March 2022

For a better understanding of the relationships between the chemical structure and the fluorescence properties of organic dyes a larger group of such dyes which constitute from some common building blocks has been considered. These dyes could be prepared from certain phenolic or bridged
aniline educts by simple routes which require, in some cases, new synthetic strategies.
Intention to adopt Industry 4.0 technologies among small and medium
enterprises in the Malaysian dairy manufacturing industry
Authors: Saeedi S.A.W. , Juwaidah S. , Kelly W.K.S.
Published: March 2022

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are one of the key economic growth engines which
play vital roles in Malaysia’s economy. In the manufacturing sector, SMEs are considered
the backbone of industrial development. Presently, the dairy manufacturing industry is one
with high potential. Technology is one of the enablers that can assist companies to
improve their performances. Presently, SMEs are still hesitant to embrace and adopt new
technology. The fundamental objective of this study was to identify the determinants of
the intention to adopt Industry 4.0 technologies among SMEs in Malaysian. Data were
collected from 114 managers of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) and was analysed
using SPSS. The findings from multiple regression revealed that the intention of SMEs to
adopt Industry 4.0 Technologies was positively influenced by perceived usefulness (PU),
perceived ease of use (PEU), subjective norm (SN), perceived behaviour control (PBC)
and attitude (Att). Attitude had partial mediation effects on both relationships between PU
and intention. It also has relationships between PEU and intention in adopting Industry 4.0
Technologies. The paper concludes and supports the assumptions of two theories - Theory
of Planned Behaviour (TPB) and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). This study
contributes to enhancing managers and higher authority of SMEs in deciding the future
course of their manufacturing firms and policymakers in mapping out plans for Malaysian
SMEs in the dairy manufacturing industry.
Quality evaluation of millet (Panicum miliaceum) instant cereal product in
Cebu, Philippines
Authors: Cabrera A.P.P. , Salinasal J.C.A. , Abello N.F.H.
Published: March 2022

Millet is a collective term referring to several small-grained cereal crop plants belonging
to the grass family which are used as human food and is considered an important staple in
several countries in the arid and semi-arid tropics. With the increasing appreciation
concerning the benefits of millet, there has been an inclination towards their consumption.
Literature on the millet production, processing, and introduction of millet in the
Philippines has been minimal, even though a few millet species are successfully grown in
the Visayas region. This study was conducted to develop an instant cereal product from
millet. This includes the milling of millet to powder, cooked, and packed for the desired
amount. Five treatments representing five different concentration levels of millet (80%,
65%, 50%, 35%, and 20%) and five different concentration levels of powdered skimmed
milk (20%, 35%, 50%, 65%, and 80%). A single factor experiment arranged in a complete
randomized design (CRD) was used in the study. The study results showed that significant
differences were noted in the sensory attributes in terms of colour, aroma, taste, flavour,
mouthfeel, and the overall acceptability of the millet instant cereal product. The treatment
with a concentration mixture of 20% millet and 80% powdered skimmed milk (4 g millet
and 16 g powdered skimmed milk for a 30 g serving size) was considered the most
acceptable. Proximate analysis of the millet instant cereal product showed that it contains
4.53±0.21 moisture, 2.60±0.03 ash, 0.34±0.08 crude fibre, 3.95±0.05 fat, and 8.61±0.11
crude protein. Based on the prevailing market price of millet ($4/kg) and skim milk
powder ($3.5/kg), Treatment 5 had the least partial cost with $0.071 per serving size of 30
g. It can be noted that the lesser the amount of millet in the formulation, the better was the
acceptability of each sensory attribute as evaluated, and the cheaper it was to produce the
millet instant cereal.
Analisis Investasi Pada Proyek Pembangunan Perumahan Subsidi Kabupaten Jombang (Studi Kasus PT. Sami Karya)
Authors: Assoraya Laela Akmalinda , Kholis Nur , Yulianto Totok , Nugroho Meriana Wahyu
Published: March 2022

Pembangunan perumahan Permata Alam berlokasi di Kecamatan Diwek, Kabupaten Jombang, Jawa Timur. Merupakan proyek investasi pengembangan perumahan yang dikelola oleh PT. Sami Karya dengan menjual rumah sederhana dengan tipe 30 sejumlah 71 unit di atas tanah seluas 7.410 m2. Untuk mengetahui kelayakan proyek investasi perumahan Permata Alam, maka perlu dilakukan dengan analisis aspek pasar, dan aspek finansial. Analisis pasar pada observasi meliputi analisa permintaan dan analisa penawaran, digunakan metode time series analisis trend linier untuk memproyeksikan permintaan dan penawaran, kelayakan aspek pasar dicari dengan nilai pangsa pasar. Aspek finansial penelitian ditentukan dengan nilai Net present value (NPV), benefit cost ratio (BCR), dan internal rate of return (IRR). Hasil analisa aspek pasar menunjukan hasil nilai pangsa pasar pada tahun 2020 sebesar 97%. Hasil analisis finansial diperoleh Net Present Value (NPV) sebesar Rp. 4.218.274.740 > 0,Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) sebesar 2,358 > 1, dan Internal Rate of Return (IRR) 60% > 10% MARR. Hasil analisa kedua aspek pada pembangunan proyek perumahan Permata Alam dikatakan layak untuk dilaksanakan.
Fenomena Communita Pagurau dan Komunitas Lapau Dalam Konteks Bagurau Saluang Dendang Di Kota Payakumbuh
Authors: Laytsy Auliyaa Ul , Rustim Rustim , Nursyirwan Nursyirwan
Published: March 2022

Bagurau Saluang Dendang performances discussed in this study are the Bagurau Saluang Dendang in the Communita Pagurau and the Lapau Community. This study aims to discuss the shift in the pattern of the Bagurau Saluang Dendang performances carried out by the Communita Pagurau and the Lapau Community. The approach taken in this study uses the theory of creativity related to the commodification of performances. This study uses an ethnographic method, where this method is carried out by participant observation. In addition, ethnography is also a method of writing. The findings in this study are that the Bagurau Saluang Dendang in the Communita Pagurau and the Lapau Community experienced a shift which was divided into several things, namely material, musicians, performance venue, management, audience, rules, time and interaction.Keywords: Bagurau; Saluang Dendang; Communita Pagurau, Lapau Community; Performance Pattern ShiftPertunjukan Bagurau Saluang Dendang yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini adalah Bagurau Saluang Dendang dalam communita pagurau dan Komunitas Lapau. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membahas pergeseran pola pertunjukan Bagurau Saluang Dendang yang dilakukan oleh Communita Pagurau dan Komunitas Lapau. Pendekatan yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teori kreativitas yang terkait dengan komodifikasi pertunjukan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode etnografi, dimana metode ini dilakukan dengan observasi partisipan. Selain itu etnografi juga sekaligus sebagai metode penulisan. Hasil temuan dalam penelitian ini bahwa Bagurau Saluang Dendang dalam Communita Pagurau dan Komunitas Lapau mengalami pergeseran yang terbagi atas beberapa item, yaitu materi, musisi, tempat pertunjukan, pengelolaan, penonton, aturan, waktu dan interaksi.Kata Kunci: Bagurau; Saluang Dendang; Communita Pagurau; Komunitas Lapau; Pergeseran Pola Pertunjukan
Health Sector and Application of Big Data: A Case Study of India
Authors: MITRA Roma , DHINGRA Apaar
Published: March 2022

Aim: The paper aims to study and present the case study of the health sector of India. The paper also aims to identify the opportunities for the application of Big data in the health sector. The major stakeholders of the system viz. doctors, hospitals, clinics, insurance companies, pharmaceutical companies, research, and development organizations, industries manufacturing medical instruments, laboratories, medical data analysts, and many more are utilizing big data and predictive analytics in their critical decision making. The predicted revenue was expected to reach 280 billion by 2020 as per the statistics given by the Indian Brand Equity Foundation.

Research methods: A critical review has been conducted using electronic sources between 2015 and 2020, limited to English language articles and reports published from 2015 onwards. The reviews will be classified to identify the opportunities for future application of Big Data.

Conclusions: The paper presents a trend in the use of Big Data Analysis in the health sector. The paper also explores and identifies the areas of future application of big data to increase the efficacy of the system.

Originality/value of the article: This is an original piece of article in the context of India in terms of documenting the big data applications in the health sector and identifying the opportunities for the future application of the same.

 Implications of the research: This research holds a significant contribution towards the implications of the application of Big Data in the health sector. The newly identified areas of the health sector, which can be improved by using the big data analytics, are important for the policy makers of the organizations, including the Government.

 Limitations of the research: The research has been conducted based on the secondary data, which area available in the public domain. However, due to COVID 19, there could have been more innovations in the health sector in terms of using the big data, which may not have been published or are available in the public domain. Also, collection of the primary data in terms of an interview with the administrators/management can be explored in the future study.
Feasibility and potential of renewable and non-renewable energy investments in Tanzania
Authors: MNZAVA Bernard , PENNINK Bartjan , MWAMBULI Erick
Published: March 2022

Aim: In the context of renewable and non-renewable energy, this paper aims to explore a range of renewable energy resources in Tanzania that are primarily expected to play a leading role in the supply of energy services in the country. Tanzania, like other countries in the world is striving to invest in renewable energy for sustainable development goals accomplishment.

Research methods: The data used for analysis was collected from 45 businesses/organizations which are operating in the energy sector within the United Republic of Tanzania. The reason was to find out stakeholder’s response towards investment in the energy sector. We used purposive sampling to select our sample and asked the stakeholders to fill in the short questionnaire.

Findings: This paper found that there are several opportunities toward investments in renewable energy such as hydropower and geothermal energy; however, an investment in gas as a non-renewable energy source is a good option for Tanzanians.

Value of the paper: This study concludes that Tanzania is facing several challenges on the implementation of energy investments such as institutional, regulatory and legal, lack of human capital as well as economic and financial problems.

Limitations: We have not compared the practices of Tanzania with other countries especially those within sub Saharan African.
Pintilik mi Fakirlik mi: Mihaliçli Bedrî’nin Cimrilik Gazeli ve Gazeldeki Cimrilik Kavramı
Authors: KAPLAN Fahri
Published: March 2022

Hakkındaki bilgileri Latîfî Tezkiresi’nden edindiğimiz Bedrî, tahminen XV.-XVI. yüzyıllarda yaşamıştır. Latîfî, Mihaliç taraflarından garip bir şahıs olduğunu ve fakir bir hayat sürdüğünü belirttiği Bedrî’den bir şiir örneği de verir. Bu şiir şairin hâlinden haber veren “cimrilik” redifli bir gazeldir. Şiirin redifinde geçen “cimrilik”, bugünkü Türkçedeki gibi “eli sıkılık, pintilik” anlamında değil, “fakirlik” manasında kullanılmıştır. Bedrî, bu şiirinde kendi fakirliği üzerinden fakirlik anlamında kullandığı “cimrilik” kavramını mizahi hatta ironik bir dille işler. Fakirliğin doğuştan beri yakasını bırakmadığını söyleyen şair, fakirlik yüzünden güzel sevgilinin kendisinden kaçtığından yakınır. Annesinden babasından kendisine miras olarak sadece fakirlik kaldığını belirten şair, fakirlikten karpuz bile yiyemediğini, hıyarı (salatalığı) gözüne sürme diye çektiğini mizahi bir tarzda anlatır. Fakirlik evde de dışarıda da şairde itibar bırakmamıştır. Son beyitte ise Bedrî, fakirliğin kendisi ile (Bedrî gibi bir şaire sahip olmakla) övündüğünü, böyle bir şairin bile fakir olması sayesinde iftihar edebildiğini belirterek fakirliğine hoşça bir anlam yükler. Bedrî’nin bu gazeli, devrinin fakir bir şairinin penceresinden fakirlik kavramına mizahi tarzda düşülmüş dikkate değer bir haşiyedir.
كلمة العدد ( العربي)
Authors: ملاك سونيا
Published: March 2022

لا تخلو حياة الفرد والمجتمع من الأزمات، فهي حاضرة بثقلها على كافة الأصعدة والمستويات، وتتماهى آثارها حسب درجة الترابط بين الأفراد والمجتمع؛ بل قد تؤثر على الدول، فتتجاوز هذه الأزمات حدودها الوطنية ويتعقد الأمر أكثر حينما تصبح الأزمة ذات بعد عالمي. واهتمامًا منها بالبعد العالمي للأزمات؛ اختارت كلية القانون بجامعة قطر أن يكون مؤتمرها الدولي لهذا العام تحت عنوان: «القانون في مواجهة الأزمات العالمية – الوسائل والتحديات»، الذي انتظم يومي 7 و8 فبراير 2021. وقد شارك في هذا المؤتمر جملة من الباحثين من ذوي السمعة الأكاديمية والمهنية العالية من داخل وخارج دولة قطر، واختارت المجلة الدولية للقانون جملة من الأبحاث التي تم تحكيمها لتنشر في هذا العدد الخاص بالمؤتمر. وتقيّم الورقة البحثية الأولى (داود) «خطر عدم الأمن القانوني، وضرورة تفعيل الدور التشريعي - دراسة تحليلية مقارنة». أمّا الورقة الثانية (خليل وكحلة) فتناولت بالدراسة موضوع «نحو تحكيم سيبراني في فلسطين في ظل جائحة كورونا – دراسة مقارنة». وتركز الدراسة البحثية الثالثة (السيد) على «الأدوات القانونية للتصدي لجائحة فيروس كورونا المستجد (كوفيد-19) في دولة قطر». أمّا الورقة البحثية الرابعة (صفصاف) فتناولت بالبحث «قواعد القانون الدولي بشأن حماية الأشخاص من الكوارث». في حين تسعى الورقة البحثية الخامسة (الأحبابي) إلى تسليط الضوء على «أحكام مسؤولية الدولة عن الأعمال المخالفة دوليًا في ظرف الجائحة». وينصب اهتمام الورقة البحثية السادسة (العطور) على «مدى انعكاس الأزمات العالمية على المسؤولية الجنائية ». في حين تعلقت الورقة البحثية السابعة (قاعود) بـ«حالة الطوارئ وحماية حقوق الإنسان - مواجهة جائحة كورونا». بينما تركز الورقة البحثية الثامنة (إسماعيل) على «التأمين ضد المخاطر السيبرانية – المشكلات القانونية والحلول المقترحة دراسة في القانون القطري والمقارن». أما الورقة البحثية التاسعة (زين الدين) فاهتمت بـ«الاحكام القانونية لحق الاستئثار في براءات اختراع الدواء، في ضوء الاتفاقيات الدولية والقانون القطري - مدى عدالة حق الاستئثار بالدواء في ظل جائحة كوفيد-19 المستجد». وتم ختم جملة هذه الأوراق البحثية بذكر التوصيات المنبثقة عن المؤتمر. وتشكر أسرة التحرير جميع القائمين على تنظيم المؤتمر الدولي، وكل الباحثين الذين ساهموا في إنجاحه بمشاركاتهم ومداخلاتهم ونقاشاتهم البنّاءة. كما تثمن أسرة تحرير المجلة الدولية للقانون جهود من ساهم بأوراقه البحثية في هذا العدد الخاص بالمؤتمر السنوي الدولي لكلية القانون، وسعيهم في أن تكون المجلة الدولية للقانون رابطهم مع جمهور القراء الذين سيجدون ضالتهم في أبحاث تتميز بالأصالة والجدة والعمق.
Editorial in English
Authors: Malak Sonia
Published: March 2022

Life is full of crises, both at the individual and social levels. Their effects align according to the degree of interdependence between individuals and society. Those crises may as well affect countries, transcend their national borders, and the matter becomes more complicated when they become of a global dimension. Taking into account the global dimension of crises, the Qatar University’s College of Law chose to hold its international conference for this year under the title: “Law in the Face of Global Crises: Means and Challenges”, which was held on February 7 and 8, 2021. A number of researchers of high academic and professional reputation from Qatar and abroad participated in this conference. The International Review of Law chose a number of peer-reviewed papers to be published in this special issue of the conference. The first paper (Daoud) studies “The risk of legal insecurity and the necessity to activate the legislative role: A Comparative analytical study”. The second research paper (Khalil and Kahala) focuses on “Toward A Cyber Arbitration in Palestine in Time of Corona Pandemic: A Comparative Study”. The third study (Al-Sayed) deals with the "Legal tools to respond to the new Coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) in Qatar”. As for the fourth one (Sefsaf), it discusses the topic: “Protection of Persons from Disasters in International Law”. Meanwhile, the fifth research paper (Al-Hababi) seeks to address a topic related to the “On State Responsibility during an Epidemic”. The sixth research paper (Atour) focuses on “The extent reflection of Global Crises on Criminal Liability”. In addition, the seventh paper (Kaoud) sheds light on “States of Emergency and Protection of Human Rights: Facing the Corona Pandemic”. The eighth paper (Ismaeel) focuses on “Electronic insurance vs. Cyber Risks: Legal issues and suggested solutions (A study on Qatari and Comparative Law)”. As for the ninth research paper (Zaineddin), it deals with “The Legal Provisions of the Exclusive Right in relation to Drug Patents, in Light of International Conventions and Qatari law: An Evaluation of the Justness of the Ownership of the Exclusive Right to Drug Patents in light of COVID-19 Pandemic”. Lastly, these research papers are concluded by the recommendations emanating from the conference. The editorial board would like to thank all the organizers of the international conference, and all researchers who contributed to its success with their constructive participation and discussions. The editorial board of the International Review of Law also appreciates the efforts of those who contributed with their research papers to this special issue of the College of Law’s International Annual Conference. We hope that these studies will reach the largest number of readers who draw on original knowledge and in-depth research, in the Arab world and the world at large.
نحو تحكيم سيبراني في فلسطين في ظل جائحة كورونا – دراسة مقارنة
Authors: خليل أمير , كحلة تسنيم
Published: March 2022

تناولت الدراسة أحكام التحكيم السيبراني، من خلال إسقاط الضوء على مفهومه، ومزاياه، وأهمية اللجوء إليه، ودراسة مدى معالجة الأنظمة القانونية لأحكامه. وتوصلت الدراسة إلى أن عملية التحكيم السيبراني تتم باستخدام وسائل الاتصال الحديثة، بحيث تتم بعض إجراءات التحكيم من خلال الوسائل الإلكترونية الحديثة، كالاتفاق على التحكيم، أو جلساته، أو الاستماع إلى الشهود، أو إصدار القرار التحكيمي. بحيث يتمتع التحكيم السيبراني بالعديد من المزايا والخصائص، التي تجعل منه حلًا بديلًا لتفادي الإشكاليات، التي يمر بها كلٌ من التقاضي العادي والتحكيم العادي في ظل جائحة كورونا. وبمعالجة مدى تبني الأنظمة القانونية للتحكيم السيبراني، توصلت الدراسة إلى أن كلًا من قانوني التحكيم القطري والأردني قد تضمنا النص على استخدام الوسائل التكنولوجية في العملية التحكيمية، أما المشرع الفلسطيني فقد أخذ بمفهوم الكتابة بشكلها الواسع، وتطرق إلى مسألة الاتفاق الذي يتم عبر مراسلات تتم عبر وسائل إلكترونية، ولم يشر إلى إمكانية استخدام الوسائل الإلكترونية في عقد الإجراءات، أو التبليغات. وبخصوص قرار التحكيم وتنفيذه؛ اشترطت القوانين محل الدراسة أن يكون القرار مكتوبًا وموقعًا من المحكمين، وأن تبلّغ نسخة موقّعة منه للأطراف، ولم تشر إلى مدى الإلزامية، أو القيمة القانونية للقرارات التي تصدر عبر وسائل الاتصال الحديثة التي تعذر التوقيع عليها إلا بالطريقة الإلكترونية، وإخطار الأطراف إلكترونيًا بها. وأوصت الدراسة بضرورة تضمين التحكيم السيبراني في نصوص قانون التحكيم الفلسطيني والاستفادة من قانون المعاملات الإلكترونية رقم 15 لعام 2017 في مجال التحكيم فيما يتعلق بحجية التوقيع الإلكتروني، وكذلك النص صراحة على آلية تنفيذ قرارات التحكيم السيبرانية والإلكترونية منها.
حماية الأشخاص من الكوارث في القانون الدولي
Authors: صفصاف فاطمة الزهراء
Published: March 2022

لقد أكدت لنا جائحة كورونا أهمية إيلاء المزيد من الاهتمام بالقانون الدولي للاستجابة للكوارث؛ حيث تشير الدراسات العلمية إلى أن هذه الحائجة لن تكون الحلقة الأخيرة من نتائج سوء إدارتنا للطبيعة، خاصّة على مدى العقود الأخيرة. وتهدف هذه الورقة إلى الوقوف بشكل خاص على الجهود التي تبذل داخل الأمم المتحدة، وبشكل أخصَّ من قبل لجنة القانون الدولي بالأمم المتحدة؛ لوضع اتفاقية دولية بشأن حماية الأشخاص في حالات الكوارث؛ حيث ستقوم في البداية بتوضيح علاقة النهج القائم بشأن علاقتنا الراهنة بالطبيعة، وبالعديد من الكوارث التي شهدناها مؤخرًا بما فيها حائجة كورونا، ثم تستعرض أهم الجهود الخاصّة ببروز وتطوّر تقنين التعامل مع الكوارث على الصعد؛ الدولية، والإقليمية، ودون الإقليمية، والوطنية. وتركز بشكل خاصّ على جهود لجنة القانون الدولي بالأمم المتحدة بشأن إعداد مشاريع موادَّ تمثل أساسًا لاعتماد اتفاقية دولية بشأن حماية الأشخاص في حالات الكوارث، ثم تطرح الورقة عددًا من النتائج والتوصيات.
مدى انعكاس الأزمات العالمية على المسؤولية الجنائية
Authors: العطور رنا إبراهيم
Published: March 2022

في ظل الأزمات التي تطرأ على العالم؛ يثور التساؤل حول انعكاساتها على العدالة عمومًا والعدالة الجنائية خصوصًا، ومدى تأثّر السياسة الجنائية بتبعات تلك الأزمات العالمية التي تجتاح مختلف الأرجاء، فجاءت هذه الدراسة التي تتبع المنهج الوصفي التحليلي بهدف توضيح المفاهيم المتعلقة بالأزمة العالمية وانعكاساتها على المسؤولية الجنائية، وما رافقها من استحداث جرائم لإظهار مدى تمكن العدالة الجنائية وملائمتها؛ سواء من خلال التشريع، أم التطبيق القضائي، والاتجاه نحو تفعيل عقوبات بديلة خروجًا عن بيئة النظام العقابي التقليدي، وما يتطلب من تعديل قواعد الإجراءات الجنائية، مع المحافظة على البنية الرئيسية للقانون الجنائي المتمثل في مبدأ الشرعية، وضمانات المحاكمة العادلة، والتوسع في مفاهيم المصالحة الجنائية، والتطبيق الإيجابي الفعّال لوقف العقوبة.
التقرير الختامي وتوصيات المؤتمر السنوي الدولي «القانون في مواجهة الأزمات العالمية – الوسائل والتحدّيات»
Authors: شيحا إسلام إبراهيم
Published: March 2022

التقرير الختامي وتوصيات المؤتمر السنوي الدولي «القانون في مواجهة الأزمات العالمية – الوسائل والتحدّيات»
THIRD ORDER ITERATIVE METHOD FOR SOLVING NON-LINEAR PARABOLIC PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION IN FINANCIAL APPLICATION
Authors: Koroche Kedir Aliyi
Published: March 2022

In this paper, third order iterative scheme is presented for working the solution the non-linear stochastic parabolic equation in one dimensional space. First, the given result sphere is discretized by using invariant discretization grid point. Next, by using Taylor series expansion we gain the discretization of the model problem. From this, we gain the system of nonlinear ordinary difference equations.  By rearranging this scheme, we gain iterative schemes which is called gauss Jacobean iterative scheme. To validate the convergences of the proposed system, three model illustrations are considered and answered it at each specific grid point on its result sphere. The coincident (convergent) analysis of the present techniques is worked by supported the theoretical and fine statements and the delicacy of the result is attained. The delicacy of the present techniques has been shown in the sense of average absolute error (AAE), root mean square error norm and point-wise maximum absolute error norm and comparing gets crimes in the result attained in literature and these results are also presented in tables and graphs. The physical gets of results between numerical versus are also been presented in terms of graphs. As we can see from the table and graphs, the present system approach are approximates the exact result veritably well and it's relatively effective and virtually well suited for working the solution for non-linear parabolic equation.
Characterization of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) Stalk Pulp and Evaluation in Paper Production
Authors: ÇİÇEKLER Mustafa , ÖZDEMİR Ayşe , TUTUŞ Ahmet
Published: March 2022

In this study, the evaluability of chickpea stalks generated after harvest in chickpea production was investigated in pulp and paper production. Besides, paper production was carried out by blending the chickpea stalk fibers with primary and secondary fibers in certain proportions and the effects of chickpea stalk fibers on the paper properties were determined. Modified kraft method was used in the pulping of chickpea stalks and anthraquinone (AQ) was added to the cooking solution as a catalyst. Some chemical, mechanical and optical properties of the pulps produced with the addition of different AQ charges were compared and the optimum results were obtained from the 0.7% AQ added cooking experiment. The yield and viscosity values of the chickpea stalk pulps increased by 12.6% and 34.2%, respectively and the kappa number decreased by 46.7% with the addition of AQ to cooking liquor. Paper production was carried out by blending the fibers obtained from optimum cooking condition with primary and secondary fibers in certain rates and the effects of chickpea stalk fibers on the paper properties were examined. Depending on the amount of chickpea stalk fibers, the mechanical properties of the papers produced with secondary fibers and the optical properties of the papers produced with primary fibers improved. The strength losses that occur during the recycling of waste paper could be reduced by blending the chickpea stalk fibers with secondary fibers and it is possible to produce various paper types such as writing-printing paper by blending the short fiber chickpea stalk fibers and long fibers.
Kinetic Modeling of Heat and Mass Transfer During Deep Fat Frying of Churro
Authors: ERİM KÖSE Yağmur
Published: March 2022

The effect of deep fat frying temperatures, ranging from 160 to 190 oC, on frying parameters including the heat transfer coefficient (he), mass transfer coefficient (ke) and effective moisture diffusivity (De) were investigated during deep fat frying of churro that is fried dough pastry. Therefore experimental studies were conducted for both heat and mass transfer phenomena and mathematical model was developed for simultaneous transfer by using Newman technique for churro actual geometry (3-D cylindrical shape). Fourier’s and Fick’s laws were applied for computation of coefficients of heat and mass transfer. The he coefficients were 437.360-93.535 W/m2K in the temperatures range of 160 to 190 oC. However, the value of ke and De increased by an increase in oil temperature during frying. The maximum values were determined as 17.36 x10-5 m/s and 2.48 x10-5 m2/s at 190 oC for ke and De, respectively. Model and experimental data had good agreement and the transfer coefficients followed the first order kinetic model with high R2 and low RMSE values. There was found an Arrhenius equation between the effective moisture diffusivity and deep fat frying temperature, so the value of activation energy was calculated as 63.546 kj/mol.
Investigation of Microstructural and Intrinsic Defect States of Facile Synthesized WO3 Film
Authors: SARF Fatma , YAKAR Emin , GÜLEN Orhan
Published: March 2022

In this study, WO3 films were simply deposited onto In:SnO2 (ITO) substrates by chemical bath under pH=2 condition. Structural, mophological and optical properties of the synthesized WO3 film were investigated by using x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), Uv-Vis, photoluminescence (PL) and Raman spectrophotometer. From x-ray patterns, the tungsten oxide coating exhibits a monoclinic phase structure. Relative homogeneous particle distribution of nanorod/nano-tooth forms are observed on the surface and also surface roughness is less compared to similar studies in the literature. No impurity peak is detected from Uv-Vis spectrum. Band gap of the WO3 film is measured from Tauc plot. Surface defect emission peaks esepecially oxygen vacancies are determined from PL spectrum. Green emission is attributed to heterogeneous film growth process. W-O optical phonon modes are determined from Raman spectra. From these results, the aggregation–deposition mechanism is responsible to WO3 film growth process.
Effect of altitude on polysaccharide and lignin contents of brutian pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) wood and kraft pulp
Authors: YAŞAR Samim , GÜLER Gürcan
Published: March 2022

This study investigated the chemical properties of Brutian pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) wood samples collected at altitudes of 800 m, 900 m, and 1000 m and the behaviors of the chemical components of the same materials during kraft pulping. Chemical component analysis indicated that the wood and pulp sample from 1000 m contained higher quantities of holocellulose and α-cellulose, and a lower quantity of lignin. For both wood and pulp samples, a continuous increase in holocellulose and α-cellulose contents and a continuous decrease in lignin content were observed with increasing altitude. Gas chromatography analysis of monosaccharides determined that the highest cellulose and hemicellulose contents were obtained from the wood and pulp sample from 1000 m. Quantity of these components increased with increasing altitude. Lastly, kraft pulping degraded 14.10-15.70% of cellulose, 56.49-61.35% of galactoglucomannan, 65.75-69.61% of arabinoglucoronoxylan, and 92.42-93.48% of lignin in the samples.
Influence of waste sorting on the effectiveness of polymeric waste pyrolysis
Authors: Julius Gbenga Akinbomi  , Olawale Theophilus Ogunwumi  , Rosemary Ojone Daniel  , Omolade Olajumoke Eweje  , Samuel Adeola Oluwajobi  , Samuel Olamijuwon Elegbede  , Ahmed Ajao  , Olusola Oladeji
Published: March 2022

Pyrolysis of polymeric wastes, including waste plastic bottles, discarded rubber tyres and pure water sachets, is one of the environmental-friendly processes for waste valorization. However, continuous effort must be made to reduce the cost implication of the pyrolysis process in terms of time, money and energy requirement. Based on this premise, this study examined the justification regarding heat absorption rate and product yield, for sorting polymeric waste mixture before the pyrolysis process. The objective was achieved by carrying out pyrolysis of the separated and mixed plastic bottle, rubber tyre and water nylon sachet wastes using a semi batch pyrolysis system. The results indicated that at residence time of 100 minutes, maximum heat absorption rates of 128.63 and 89.38 kJ/min were obtained for pyrolysis of separated and mixed wastes, respectively, of plastic bottles and rubber tyres. For the pyrolysis of separated and mixed wastes of plastic bottles, rubber tyres and water nylon sachets; maximum heat absorption rates of 144.56 and 119.46 kJ/min, respectively, were obtained. It was also observed that the amounts of pyrolytic products produced after the pyrolysis of the separated polymeric wastes were greater than the amounts obtained after the pyrolysis of the mixed polymeric wastes. This indicates that sorting polymeric wastes into different categories before pyrolysis contributes to effective pyrolysis process.
Bulacan capitol building: A reconnaissance survey of art deco heritage structure designed by Arch. Juan M. Arellano
Authors: Arch. Dennis L Estacio
Published: March 2022

The Capitol building of the Province of Bulacan in the town of Malolos, erected in 1930. Bulacan Capitol Building is an Art Deco Style Architecture. The entrance of the building has Portico with Octagonal Concrete Columns with decorative concrete torch. It has three entrances of wooden frame door accentuated with wrought iron grills with design of rising Sun. Upon entering the lobby, you will be welcomed by Grand double return staircase. The façade of the building is of massive walls and columns with simplistic design painted with purely white color. The Bulacan Capitol Building was designed by Architect Juan Marcos Arellano. JUAN MARCOS ARELLANO (y de Guzman), one of the Philippines' founding fathers of architecture, was born on this day in Tondo, Manila. Among his most famous works are Manila's Metropolitan Theater (1935), Legislative Building (1926) (now the National Museum of the Philippines), the Manila Central Post Office Building (1926), and Jones Bridge. The researcher utilized Reconnaissance Survey Methodology, an extensive study of an entire area that might be used for analysis. Its purpose is to eliminate those buildings or site elements which are impractical or unfeasible and to identify the more promising buildings or site elements. The result showed that one of the famous landmarks in Bulacan is its Provincial Capitol Building. The building, erected in 1930, was destroyed during the Second World War. It was rebuilt in 1950 with the assistance of the American government. During the administration of President Corazon C. Aquino, the building was renovated and expanded. The building is a Cultural Heritage Property.
Bulacan state university library: Innovative services to support distance learning during Covid-19 of S.Y. 2020-2022
Authors: Dennis L Estacio  , Nerissa M Valencia  , Vim Kiester C River
Published: March 2022

This study aims to identify the Bulacan State University Library Services to Support Distance Learning during Covid-19 of 2020-2022. This research used documentary analysis of qualitative research in which documents are interpreted by the researchers to give voice and meaning around an assessment topic. Documents were assessed for their completeness; in other words, how selective or comprehensive the data is. Also of paramount importance upon evaluation of documents were the considerations that the data are “necessarily precise, accurate, or complete recordings of events that have occurred”. The study found that University Library provided and implemented eight new services such as: a.) Outdoor Library Book Return b.) Online Library Instruction c.) Online Book Request d.) Online Book Suggestion e.) Library and Information Research Assistance f.) Remote References and Information Access (RRIA) g.) Bulacan State University Library G-Site h.) Library Community Engagement.