bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Healthy siblings’ perspectives about paediatric palliative care: A qualitative systematic review and meta-synthesis
Authors: Rajendran Priyadharshni , Jarasiunaite-Fedosejeva Gabija , İsbir Gözde Gökçe , Shorey Shefaly
Published: December 2023

Background:

Siblings of children requiring palliative care are often forgotten and overlooked, as the focus tends to be on the ill child and their parents. Limited knowledge of non-bereaved siblings’ perspectives makes it challenging to provide appropriate support for them. A review of existing literature is thus needed to better understand the experiences of these siblings and to identify research gaps that may require further examination.

Aim:

To consolidate the available qualitative evidence on the perspectives of non-bereaved healthy siblings regarding paediatric palliative care.

Design:

A qualitative systematic review using a meta-synthesis approach was conducted.

Data sources:

Six electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Embase, Scopus and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global) were searched from each database’s inception date until October 2022. The search included qualitative and mixed-method studies that reported the perceptions and associations of siblings of patients receiving paediatric palliative care. Data were synthesised using thematic analysis.

Results:

Eleven studies were included. The overarching theme of the review would be ‘A walking shadow: Living in the darkness shaped by the dying sibling’, and three key themes and nine subthemes were identified from the included articles: (1) Changing family dynamics; (2) Impact on school and socialisation and (3) Psychological impact and coping.

Conclusion:

Siblings demonstrated negative psychological impacts and were affected by changing family structure and relationships. However, socialisation with society, and varied coping skills such as cognitive coping and using distraction techniques, were significant for siblings to go through this journey and even led to some positive outcomes for them.
The impact of musicking on emotion regulation: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Peters Valerie , Bissonnette Josiane , Nadeau Danielle , Gauthier-Légaré Audrey , Noël Marie-Audrey
Published: December 2023

The ability to regulate one’s emotions is integral to well-being and recent studies have documented the relationship between music and emotion regulation strategies. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to examine the impact of musicking on emotion regulation. To achieve this objective, a systematic database search for randomized control trial (RCT) studies was conducted. Eight studies that met the inclusion criteria were selected, involving 441 participants, and employing a diversity of musicking intervention strategies including listening, playing, and creating. The overall effect size was d = 0.45; p < .01. Moderator analyses were conducted. The discussion focuses on perspectives for music education, prevention programs, and public policies for the general population and music as a potential resource contributing to well-being.
Research on Vehicle Scheduling Optimization Model of Precast Concrete Components Considering Carbon Emission Cost
Authors: Cheng Zhenghua , Chen Shuo , Xie Qiu , Yang Yu
Published: December 2023

The distribution of precast concrete (PC) components has the characteristics of high time penalty costs, transportation costs, long-term accumulated carbon emission, and long unloading waiting time. These characteristics result in increased distribution costs. Aiming at this problem, the vehicle scheduling (VS) optimization model was proposed to minimize total distribution costs, including transportation costs, unloading waiting costs, carbon emissions costs, and so forth. The proposed model was solved using the genetic algorithm. Finally, the proposed model is verified by a simulation study. The main conclusions are: 1) A PC-component VS model aiming at minimum cost is established, which can provide a better scheme for PC-component VS on the basis of minimizing fixed cost, transportation cost, unloading waiting cost, penalty cost, and carbon cost. 2) This paper constructs a VS model that reflects the loading characteristics of PC components. The type of PC component is added as a judgment variable in the model, and the actual loading weight is calculated according to the type of PC component and the loading requirements. It improves the accuracy of PC component VS results and expands the PC component VS model. 3) Based on this model, some valuable parameters have been sensitively analyzed and some valuable conclusions have been drawn to provide some references for similar cases. For example, carbon emission increases with the increase of freight volume and so on. The result of this study is to provide a cost-minimization VS model with PC components.
Predicting Damage Incidents, Fines, and Fuel Consumption from Truck Driver Data: A Study from the Netherlands
Authors: Driessen Tom , Dodou Dimitra , Waard Dick de , Winter Joost de
Published: December 2023

Trucks are disproportionately involved in fatal traffic accidents and contribute significantly to CO2 emissions. Gathering data from trucks presents a unique opportunity for estimating driver-specific costs associated with truck operation. Although research has been published on the predictive validity of driver data, such as in the contexts of pay-how-you-drive insurance and naturalistic driving studies, the investigation into how telematics data relate to the negative consequences of truck driving remains limited. In the present study, driving data from 180 truck drivers, collected over a 2-year period, were examined to predict damage incidents, traffic fines, and fuel consumption. Correlation analysis revealed that the number of fines and damage incidents could be predicted based on the number of harsh braking events per hour of driving, whereas fuel consumption was predicted by engine torque exceedances. Our analysis also sheds light on the impact of covariates, including the engine capacity of the truck operated and time of day, among others. We conclude that the damage incidents and fines incurred by truck drivers can be predicted not only from their number of harsh decelerations but also through driving demands that extend beyond the driver’s immediate control. It is recommended that transportation companies adopt a systemic approach to mitigating truck-driving-related expenses.
Relationship of Decisional Conflict About Driving Habits Between Older Adult Drivers and Their Family Members and Close Friends
Authors: Fowler Nicole R. , Johnson Rachel L. , Peterson Ryan , Schroeder Matthew W. , Omeragic Faris , DiGuiseppi Carolyn , Han S. Duke , Hill Linda , Betz Marian E.
Published: December 2023

This study examines the relationship of decisional conflict about driving habits between older adult drivers (≥70 years old) and their family members and close friends. This secondary analysis utilizes data originating from a multi-site randomized controlled trial assessing the effect of a driving decision aid (DDA) intervention. Decisional conflict about stopping or changing driving habits for drivers was measured with the Decisional Conflict Scale (DCS). Dyadic associations between drivers’ and study partners’ (SPs’) DCS scores were analyzed using an actor-partner interdependence model. Among 228 driver-SP dyads, Dyadic DCS was correlated at baseline ( r = .18, p < .01), and pre-intervention DCS was associated with post-intervention DCS ( p < .001 for SPs [β = .73] and drivers [β = .73]). Drivers’ baseline DCS and SPs’ post-intervention DCS were slighly correlated (β = .10; p = .036). Higher decisional conflict about driving among older drivers is frequently shared by their SPs. Shared decisional conflict may persist beyond intervening to support decision-making about driving cessation.
Spatial Analysis of Home and Community-Based Services and Number of Deaths Among Older Adults in Taiwan
Authors: Lin Tzu-Yu , Yu Hsiao-Wei
Published: December 2023

This study examined the geographical distribution of home- and community-based services (HCBS) resources in Taiwan’s Long-Term Care 2.0 policy and explored its association with the number of deaths among older adults. The main outcome of the study was determination of the number of deaths among older adults in townships ( N = 346) in 2021. The results showed that home-based HCBS had a significant positive association with mortality among older adults; moreover, community-based and complementary services, which are highly clustered within a township and among its neighbors, exert a significant protective effect on mortality among older adults. Stratified analyses showed a significantly lower mortality among older adults using adult foster care and transportation services, but a significantly higher mortality among older adults using home-based professional care and respite care services, after considering the sociodemographic characteristics of older adults, urbanization, and the number of long-term care resources in the spatial analysis.
Association Between States’ Certificate of Need Laws and Home Health Care Access in the US
Authors: Nataliansyah M. Muska , Ward Marcia M. , Zhu Xi
Published: December 2023

Home health care has a significant role in the care of Medicare beneficiaries. Certificate of Need (CON) laws for home health agencies limit their number in affected states. This study’s objective was to evaluate the association of CON laws with the availability and service utilization of urban and rural home health agencies in CON states and non-CON states using the generalized estimating equations (GEE) method. The results from this study indicated that CON states have fewer home health agencies for their Medicare population than non-CON states, regardless of urbanicity or rurality. Home health agencies in CON states also have less service utilization in terms of care episodes and visits per patient. This study provides an understanding of the effects of CON laws on Medicare beneficiaries' home health access and experiences.
The Odyssey of Ukrainian Universities: From quality assurance to a culture of quality education
Authors: Gurenko Olha , Suchikova Yana
Published: December 2023

This article addresses the evolution and importance of fostering a culture of educational quality in universities, focusing on the transformative experiences of Ukrainian institutions operating under a ‘university without walls’ model in the context of war and displacement. With an emphasis on integrating core values such as integrity, empathy and innovation, the article provides a nuanced understanding of institutional resilience beyond physical resources. Drawing upon Ukraine's unique circumstances, the article offers valuable policy insights and recommendations with global applicability. It advocates for an international dialogue to share these lessons to enhance educational institutions’ resilience, quality and ethical foundations worldwide.
Synthesis of polymethyl methacrylate/depolymerized polyethylene terephthalate blend reinforced by titanium dioxide nanoparticles for dental fillings applications
Authors: Jawad Doaa S , Nassir Nassier A , Alzuhairi Mohammed
Published: December 2023

The aim of this study is to use recycled waste materials to modify the performance of composites used as dental fillings. For this purpose, depolymerized polyethylene terephthalate (DPET) polymers were prepared by recycling waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) using the glycolysis process. DPET was then blended with polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) at different weight percentages. Polymer blends were subjected to mechanical, physical, and biological tests. It is evident that PMMA blended with a 5 wt% of DPET exhibits the highest compressive strength which is approximately two times that obtained from neat PMMA, highlighting the suitability of these resins to replace amalgam and to be considered for dental restorations. It was also found that the water absorption of the blends investigated is relatively stable at 5 wt% DPET. The SEM images showed no distinguishable phases, highlighting the high compatibility between DPET and PMMA. The biological tests, including in vitro cytotoxicity, showed that the cell viability mean values of PMMA containing 5 wt% DPET is higher than that of control group. Interestingly, in dental practice, the reliable in vitro cytotoxic approach is considered as an important aid in clinical procedures in the use of dental filling systems. The microbiology study has shown that the inhibition zones against Streptococcus mutans of PMMA: 5 wt% DPET is higher than the control group. According to the obtained results, the blend of PMMA: 5 wt% DPET was selected as an optimum blend, which was then reinforced with various weight percentages of nano-sized titanium dioxide (TiO2). The composites were then tested under compression, microhardness, and impact tests. The results demonstrated the significant impact of TiO2 on enhancing the properties of the composites investigated. This can provide a new protocol for synthesizing nanocomposite materials for dentistry.
Teaching nature and nation in the Swedish mobile preschool
Authors: Ekman Ladru Danielle , Millei Zsuzsa , Andersen Camilla Eline , Gawlicz Katarzyna , Gustafson Katarina , Lappalainen Sirpa
Published: December 2023

Ideas of nature, nation and childhood are intertwined in Nordic early childhood education. We explore in ethnographic data the ways nature is taught in Swedish mobile preschools. We show how everyday nationalism manifests in the teaching practices of ‘good’ pedagogy in nature. We argue that depending on who is teaching and learning, various constructions of nationhood emerge enabling the re-imagination of a single national imaginary to a plural one.
Nonlinear buckling and post-buckling analyses of functionally graded circular shallow arches
Authors: Atacan Ayfer Tekin , Yükseler Receb Faruk
Published: December 2023

Snap-through analysis of thin, functionally graded (FG), fixed, circular shallow arches subjected to uniformly distributed vertical load is examined in this paper. The modulus of elasticity varies gradually along with the normal to the axis of the arch in alliance with the power law form. The solution of the geometrically nonlinear problem is carried out by using a numerical scheme accounting for the moderately large deflections theory based on small strain and moderate rotation in the von Kármán sense. The combined effect of the parameters that is, the power law index, the ratio of the modulus of elasticity and the modified slenderness ratio on the support reactions, the snap-buckling and post-buckling behaviors of the fixed circular shallow arches are examined. It is found that the lowest buckling load is considerably affected by the variation of these parameters. In addition, the effects of the material distribution on internal forces, deformed configurations and rotation angle are presented at various stages of the deformation.
Measurement and prediction of thermal performance of automotive transmission radial lip seals
Authors: Nomikos Petros , Rahmani Ramin , Morris Nick , Rahnejat Homer
Published: December 2023

The paper reports on the use of a developed novel and specific test-rig for the assessment of performance of radial lip seals of automotive transmissions, with particular emphasis on determination of thermal performance. The test-rig can accommodate original components from a donor vehicle, thus accurately represents vehicular conditions. The specific aim is to experimentally determine the effect of shaft surface roughness parameters on the generated contact temperature. Excessive exposure to high temperatures can accelerate degradation and aging of elastomeric seals, resulting in increased wear. Corundum and CBN (Cubic Boron Nitride) ground shafts are used to ascertain the effect of surface roughness parameters in the shaft seal conjunction. An analytical thermal model is also developed in combination with temperature measurements to determine the exact temperature in the lip seal-shaft contact. It is shown that depending on the type of shaft surface grinding process some potential correlation exists between roughness parameters and generated contact temperatures. It is also shown that the contact temperature can be several degrees Celsius higher than those measured in the proximity of the seal contact.
Insecurity, deportability and authority
Authors: Vigneswaran Darshan , Bourbeau Philippe
Published: December 2023

Security is more than ever a central theme in the study of international migration. For the past twenty years, research on the securitization of migration has burgeoned. While these initiatives are to be applauded, we believe they may also have misdiagnosed the problem. For example, it may not be that the concept of ‘security’ needs to be ‘humanized’ in order to be more in tune with migrants’ concerns. Rather, the problem may lie in the use of the ‘migrant’ as an analytical category. The ‘migrant’ remains an inherently statist construct. The starting premise for the collection of articles in this special issue is that it is the tendency of academic research to mistake the statist category of the ‘migrant’ as an analytical category that has prevented the literature on the migration–security nexus from meaningfully reflecting the lived experience and aspirations of its human respondents, particularly as regards their encounters with forms of institutional authority, practices, resistance and resilience. We use the rubric of deportability to open up a variety of ways of thinking and talking about migration and security that do not fall back upon statist tropes. The authors in this collection take up this challenge by framing and employing concepts such as statelessness, sedentariness and expulsion to redefine our understanding of the relationship between movement and order. They take inspiration from multiple brands of social and political theorizing where conditions of violence and forced removal qualitatively differentiate the experiences and encounters of a particular group.
Ascetic, Alekha and Ambivalence: The Mahima Movement in Eastern India
Authors: Sahoo Subhasis , Mohanty Sital , Swain Pranay Kumar
Published: December 2023

Historians and sociologists stride on unchartered terrain when it comes to studying social movements, especially those termed ‘historyless’, the marginal communities. This paper deals with India’s most unique socioreligious movement called Mahima or Alekha Dharma, in which the marginalised sections such as Adivasis and Shudras challenged the beliefs of the powerful section of society. It aims to provide an overview of the Mahima cult of Odisha and attempts to see why the movement had started and what its outcomes were. The ethnographic fieldwork was carried out between October 2019 and February 2020 in Joranda, Odisha, in order to understand the world of the Mahima cult from the perspective of Mahima monks and followers. These field insights enabled us to understand how religion and social movements interact in several ways.
Connecting Communities to Promote Prevention of Child Sexual Abuse—The RACSHA Initiative
Authors: Ram Sreemoyee Sen , Ram Jai Ranjan
Published: December 2023

Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) is dishearteningly common in all societies and India is not an exception. Several methodologically robust epidemiological surveys have repeatedly affirmed the fact. Prevention of abuse is a societal prerogative, but it is an exceedingly complex task. Prevention of CSA needs synergistic, affirmative action by multiple stakeholders and cannot be addressed if individuals and organizations do not attempt to work in unison. A cursory review of the processes involved in protecting children from abuse in India paints a dismal picture of fractured services and absent coordination between health workers, teachers, social services, judiciary, and NGO’s. In India, the task of collaborative work to prevent CSA is made even more difficult by the fact that there is a culture of silence around the issues, which stifles conversation by invisibilizing the phenomena.
FDI and Growth: A Re-look at Evidence on Developing Economies
Authors: Majumder Trina , Roy Saikat Sinha
Published: December 2023

Using cross-country data, this article investigates the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on growth in developing economies during globalisation. The study adopts an approach different from existing studies by categorising countries from Asia, Africa, Latin America, and the Caribbean based on FDI growth and per capita gross domestic product (GDP) growth relationship in the two phases: 1991–2004 and 2005–2019. In a sample of 29 countries, the least-squares dummy variable (LSDV) estimation shows a significant negative relationship between FDI and per capita GDP controlling for both country-specific and time-specific effects and various other factors including gross domestic capital formation, inflation, physical infrastructure, human capital, trade openness, financial development and governance. This study confirms the positive impact of FDI in the earlier phase, while a significant negative impact in the later phase. The observed negative relationship holds for sub-sets of the sample countries for the entire period. These results are despite the importance of human capital, infrastructure, financial development, trade openness and governance along with FDI. These developing countries thus need to formulate complementary domestic economic policies, including institutional changes, which complement foreign direct investment in promoting per capita growth.

JEL: F21, F43, O11, C23
Pilot Feasibility of a Community Inclusion Preschool Program for Children With Autism
Authors: Jobin Allison , Stahmer Aubyn C. , Camacho Nora , May Gina C. , Gist Kristin , Brookman-Frazee Lauren
Published: December 2023

Few studies have reported outcomes from the delivery of naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions (NDBI) in group-based community care. Further, while the importance of inclusion for autistic individuals is well established, there is little research on the feasibility of community-based inclusion programs for preschool-aged autistic children. Positive outcomes have been reported from a few model inclusion programs. However, most involved extensive training from researchers, with limited available data on self-sustaining community-based programs. This quasi-experimental study tracked outcomes for 31 autistic preschool-aged children with verbal and play skills close to age level, who were enrolled in a community inclusion preschool program utilizing NDBI. Children, aged 2.5 to 5 years of age at entry, attended the program for 8 to 36 months. Paired sample t-tests indicated statistically significant improvements from time 1 to time 2 on standardized measures of adaptive behavior, social skills, and autism characteristics. Implications for the feasibility of using NDBI for autistic children in inclusive preschool settings and directions for future research are discussed.
Bone-Anchored Maxillary Protraction for Adolescents with Cleft Palate and Class III Malocclusion: A Case Series
Authors: Chin Madeline G. , Gishen Kriya E. , Bedar Meiwand , Huang Kelly X. , LaGuardia Jonnby S. , Moghadam Shahrzad , Lee Justine C. , Panchura Juliana , Wilson Libby F.
Published: December 2023

To describe the long-term treatment course of bone-anchored maxillary protraction (BAMP) and evaluate orthognathic surgical indications after BAMP

Retrospective case series

Craniofacial/Cleft Palate Program at the Orthopaedic Institute for Children in Los Angeles, CA

Twelve male patients with cleft palate (CP), unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), or bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) and Class III malocclusion treated with BAMP (mean age: 11.4 ± 2.6 years) were included.

BAMP treatment was performed by placement of bone-anchored maxillary and mandibular plates connected with intraoral Class III dental elastics or maxillary plates connected to a facemask.

We retrospectively assessed BAMP treatment variables, including age at surgery, revision surgeries, and treatment duration. The primary goal was correction to class I occlusion.

Twelve patients underwent BAMP treatment for an average of 4.4 ± 2.4 years. Two patients were corrected to class I occlusion at the time of this report. Le Fort I advancement was no longer required in two patients (16.7%), it was required for nine patients (75.0%) and was completed for one patient following BAMP treatment (8.3%).

This preliminary report demonstrated that BAMP treatment may be associated with a minimal reduction in the requirement for Le Fort I advancement at skeletal maturity. Future studies with larger sample sizes are necessary to confirm this association.
“Locked in a Jail Cell in Your Own Home”: Child Maltreatment Investigators’ Perspectives of COVID-19’s Effects on Maltreated Children
Authors: Baker Matthew , Berens Katie A. , Giesbrecht Crystal J. , Bruer Kaila C. , Evans Angela D. , Price Heather L. , Williams Shanna
Published: December 2023

Children were at a greater risk of adverse experiences, including maltreatment, during the COVID-19 pandemic given the increased stress experienced by families and reduced visibility outside the home. Child maltreatment investigators witnessed the effects of the pandemic on maltreated children and offer valuable insight regarding children’s experiences during the pandemic. The objective of this study was to examine child maltreatment investigators’ perspectives of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on maltreated children and their families in Canada. Sixteen child maltreatment investigators were recruited from agencies across Canada that investigate or offer services to children suspected of having been maltreated. Three focus groups were conducted, which followed a semi-structured interview guide developed by the researchers. Thematic analysis resulted in five primary themes regarding maltreatment investigators’ perceptions of the pandemic’s effects on children, including child maltreatment during the COVID-19 pandemic, increased exposure to violent and traumatic events, stress and challenges faced by families, reduced access to services, and challenges and delays with maltreatment investigations. Child maltreatment investigators perceived that the pandemic profoundly impacted maltreated children and their families. It is critical to ensure children and parents have access to services during future emergencies.
The gut microbiome and primary open angle glaucoma: Evidence for a ‘gut-glaucoma’ axis?
Authors: Krilis Matthew , Fry Lewis , Ngo Patrick , Goldberg Ivan
Published: December 2023

Glaucoma presents an epidemiological burden as the leading cause of irreversible blindness globally and the most common cause of preventable blindness. While elevated intraocular pressure is the strongest modifiable risk factor, the exact mechanisms of retinal ganglion cell damage leading to progressive vision loss are not entirely understood. Studies of other neurodegenerative diseases show a potential for human gut microbiome dysbiosis to play a pathogenic role. An investigation into whether the microbiome, a potential modifiable risk factor, has significance in glaucoma enables exploration of prophylactic or additive treatments. Elevated population levels of specific bacterial species have been noted in glaucoma patients, particularly Prevotellaceae, Enterobacteriaceae and Escherichia coli, while Megomonas is speculated to be protective. Evidence also points to systemic neuro-inflammation and disruption of autoimmune processes as a result of imbalances in both human and animal models, where heat shock proteins may contribute to pathogenesis. Further research into the influence of gut microbiome on pathogenesis offers a chance to minimise irreversible vision loss in glaucoma.
Myopia management algorithm. Annexe to the article titled Update and guidance on management of myopia. European Society of Ophthalmology in cooperation with International Myopia Institute
Authors: Tapasztó Beáta , Flitcroft Daniel Ian , Aclimandos Wagih A , Jonas Jost B , De Faber Jan-Tjeerd H N , Nagy Zoltán Zsolt , Kestelyn Philippe G , Januleviciene Ingrida , Grzybowski Andrzej , Vidinova Christina Nicolaeva , Guggenheim Jeremy A , Polling Jan Roelof , Wolffsohn James S , Tideman J Willem L , Allen Peter M , Baraas Rigmor C , Saunders Kathryn J , McCullough Sara J , Gray Lyle S , Wahl Siegfried , Smirnova Irina Yurievna , Formenti Marino , Radhakrishnan Hema , Resnikoff Serge , Németh János ,   SOE Myopia Consensus Group
Published: December 2023

Myopia is becoming increasingly common in young generations all over the world, and it is predicted to become the most common cause of blindness and visual impairment in later life in the near future. Because myopia can cause serious complications and vision loss, it is critical to create and prescribe effective myopia treatment solutions that can help prevent or delay the onset and progression of myopia. The scientific understanding of myopia's causes, genetic background, environmental conditions, and various management techniques, including therapies to prevent or postpone its development and slow its progression, is rapidly expanding. However, some significant information gaps exist on this subject, making it difficult to develop an effective intervention plan. As with the creation of this present algorithm, a compromise is to work on best practices and reach consensus among a wide number of specialists. The quick rise in information regarding myopia management may be difficult for the busy eye care provider, but it necessitates a continuing need to evaluate new research and implement it into daily practice. To assist eye care providers in developing these strategies, an algorithm has been proposed that covers all aspects of myopia mitigation and management. The algorithm aims to provide practical assistance in choosing and developing an effective myopia management strategy tailored to the individual child. It incorporates the latest research findings and covers a wide range of modalities, from primary, secondary, and tertiary myopia prevention to interventions that reduce the progression of myopia.
Gait pattern in patients treated with a total hip arthroplasty due to an acute displaced cervical neck fracture: a randomised comparison between 29 cases with a cemented femoral stem and 16 cases with an uncemented femoral stem
Authors: Zügner Roland , Tranberg Roy , Sharegi Bita , Kärrholm Johan
Published: December 2023

Background:

The choice between cemented or uncemented stem fixation in the treatment of a femoral neck fracture may influence patient rehabilitation and the resulting gait pattern, due to potential differences in implant positioning and fixation. We used gait analysis to study temporal gait parameters, hip kinematics and kinetics in patients who, 2 years previously, had been randomised to treatment with a cemented or uncemented stem and due to an acute femoral neck fracture.

Methods:

45 Patients implanted with a cemented Lubinus SP II ( n = 29) and an uncemented ( n = 16) Corail stem were studied. Gait analysis was performed using a 16-camera motion capture system and force plates. 28 subjects served as controls. Temporal gait parameters, hip kinematics and kinetics were analysed. The patients had no or minimum pain (median Harris pain score 44, range 40–44) and the majority had no limp (median Harris limp score 11, range 5–11).

Results:

Temporospatial gait parameters and abduction-adduction motions and moments did not differ between patients with cemented or uncemented stems ( p  > 0.05). Patients with cemented stems did, however, show more hip flexion and less extension during walking than those with an uncemented stem ( p < 0.05). Moreover, the flexion-extension range was less in the cemented group ( p < 0.04). Compared with controls, the hip fracture patients walked more slowly, with a shorter stride length and a longer stance phase.

Conclusions:

Increased hip flexion and reduced extension in patients using the Lubinus SP II cemented stem could be an effect of its anteverted neck, but this question requires further study. Despite acute treatment with THA, hip fracture patients demonstrated a change in gait pattern compared with controls 2 years after the operation. This suggests that these changes are caused by the presence of an implant, or the soft-tissue trauma partly caused by the surgery than by any degenerative disease present in patients undergoing elective surgery. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04791605
Previous external beam radiation therapy for pelvic malignancy increases complications of total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Pondugula Pushpak , Spiering Tyler , Parel Philip M , Agarwal Amil R , Bahoravitch Tyler J , Golladay Gregory J
Published: December 2023

Introduction:

External beam radiation therapy (EBRT) has known effects on bone health. No large database studies have looked at the effects of pelvic EBRT on total hip arthroplasty (THA) outcomes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate 90-day and long-term (>2 years) complication rates following THA in patients with a history of pelvic malignancy and EBRT.

Methods:

Patients were retrospectively identified using a national insurance claims database. Subjects who underwent THA for osteoarthritis or avascular necrosis were included if they had at least 2-year follow-up and were stratified into 3 cohorts: (1) prior pelvic malignancy diagnosis (prostate, cervical, uterine, ovarian, or rectal) and EBRT (Group A); (2) prior malignancy diagnosis but no EBRT (Group B); and (3) neither prior malignancy diagnosis nor EBRT (Group C). Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to evaluate for an association between prior EBRT and the incidence of 90-day and 2-year complication rates using chi-square, student t-tests, and logistic regression analyses where appropriate.

Results:

671,554 patients met the inclusion criteria. Group A had higher odds of all-cause revision, septic revision, and loosening with revision after 2 years when compared to Group C and Group B ( p < 0.001). Group A subjects had higher rates of 90-day deep vein thrombosis, sepsis, and stroke ( p < 0.001) than groups B and C.

Conclusions:

Prior EBRT for pelvic malignancy was associated with significantly increased rates of all-cause revision, septic revision, and loosening as well as 90-day medical complications.
Comparison of complications and indwelling time of midline catheter at different tip locations: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Huixin , Li Xin , Sun Weige , Zhang Ran , Cai Weixin
Published: December 2023

This review was performed to determine whether different tip locations of a midline catheter can cause differences in the incidence of complications and the catheter indwelling time. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang were systematically searched. RevMan 5.3 software was used for the meta-analysis. Heterogeneity was evaluated, and the mean differences or odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Eight studies met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis showed statistically significant differences in the complication rates (OR = 0.53; 95% CI = 0.34–0.84; p = 0.006) and incidence of catheter-related thrombosis (OR = 0.29; 95% CI = 0.11–0.76; p = 0.01) between midline catheter tip positioning in the subclavian vein and axillary vein. There were no significant differences in the catheter indwelling time or other complications such as phlebitis, catheter-related occlusion, catheter-related infiltration, pain, and catheter dislodgement between midline catheter tip positioning in the subclavian vein and axillary vein. There were statistically significant differences in the complication rates (OR = 0.23; 95% CI = 0.36–0.57; p < 0.001), incidence of catheter-related occlusion (OR = 0.29; 95% CI = 0.10–0.83; p = 0.02), and incidence of catheter-related infiltration (OR = 0.33; 95% CI = 0.17–0.63; p < 0.001) between midline catheter tip positioning in the proximal and distal axillary vein. Placement of the midline catheter tip in the subclavian vein was superior to that in the axillary vein in terms of complication rates and the incidence of catheter-related thrombosis. Whether different midline catheter tip locations lead to differences in the catheter indwelling time or the rates of other complications remains unclear. More high-quality studies incorporating relevant outcomes are needed for confirmation.
Serendipitous thrombolysis of a thrombosed arteriovenous graft during cardiopulmonary resuscitation and treatment of suspected pulmonary embolism
Authors: Titarenko Valentin , Schonefeld-Siepmann Eva , Recht Johanna , Eiselen Jonas Benjamin , Beyer Jochen Karsten , Heuer Jan Florian
Published: December 2023

Acute pulmonary embolism and cardiac arrest are rare complications of graft declotting interventions. This case report describes a successful serendipitous thrombolysis of a thrombosed arteriovenous graft during cardiopulmonary resuscitation and treatment of suspected pulmonary embolism in a 72-year-old male patient.
Diameter and depth of femoral vessels by duplex ultrasound
Authors: Zambetti Benjamin R , Kankaria Aman , Fang Francia , Kim Nahye , Nagarsheth Khanjan , Sarkar Rajabrata
Published: December 2023

Background:

The anatomy of the femoral artery and vein plays an integral role in vascular access. Both technical feasibility and complication rates are associated with femoral vessel diameter and depth. The goal of this study is to establish normative values for common femoral artery (CFA) and vein (CFV) depth and diameter using a large, diverse patient population.

Methods:

A retrospective review of all patients undergoing lower extremity venous duplex imaging over a 1 year period were reviewed. Patients with inadequate imaging or with evidence of deep vein thrombosis were excluded. The index image of all studies was a non-compressed view of the common femoral vein at the saphenous-femoral junction. All measurements were taken from this still. Vessel diameters were measured from intima to intima. Depth was measured from skin to intima. BMI and BSA were calculated using standard formulas. Chi square was used for univariate analysis. Linear regression was used to establish correlation.

Results:

Over the 1 year period, 983 patients met criteria for inclusion. The majority were male (53%) with a mean age of 55. The patients were 47% white and 44% black. The majority had hypertension (53%). The mean BMI and BSA were 29 and 2, respectively. Mean CFA depth was 1.7 cm, while mean CFV depth was 1.8 cm. The mean CFA and CFV diameters were 0.9 and 1.1 cm, respectively. Amongst height, weight, BMI, and BSA, weight correlated best with CFA ( R = 0.548) and CFV ( R = 0.552) depth, while BSA correlated best for diameter for both CFA ( R = 0.390) and CFV ( R = 0.440).

Conclusions:

This study establishes mean diameters and depths for the common femoral artery and vein using a large, diverse patient group. BSA was most closely associated with vessel diameter, while weight was correlated with depth. This study provides normative diameter and depth values for the common femoral vasculature, which may assist in vascular access planning for providers.
Complete stent graft relining of the hemodialysis access circuit for access salvage
Authors: Aronhime Shimon , Balan Shmuel , Cherniavsky Alexei , Avital Yaniv
Published: December 2023

Background:

Stent grafts (SGs) are widely used in hemodialysis access procedures to maintain function and patency of the access circuit. There are no reports to date describing complete relining of the access circuit with SGs for extreme access salvage.

Objective:

To report outcomes and experience with complete SG relining of the hemodialysis access circuit.

Methods:

From April 2020 to May 2023, all hemodialysis salvage procedures that included complete relining of the access circuit with SGs were retrospectively analyzed from a prospectively collected database of 970 hemodialysis access interventions. SGs were placed for various pathologies including residual stenosis, perforation, aneurysm, and thrombosis. Follow up outcomes included primary patency, primary assisted patency, and secondary patency.

Results:

A total of 16 patients were included in the study. Average stented length was 30 cm. Average follow up was 283 days (range 38–647 days). The primary patency of the entire covered segment was 80% and 68% at 6 and 12 months, respectively. The primary assisted patency of the segment was 88% and 77% at 6 and 12 months, respectively. Secondary patency of the access circuit was 94% at both 6 and 12 months. There were no issues with SG cannulation and zero cases of SG fracture or infection.

Conclusions:

Salvage of failing hemodialysis access circuits by complete SG relining should be considered for a limited subgroup of patients where the access circuit would otherwise be deemed unsalvageable. Complete SG relining has both good immediate outcomes and 6- and 12-month patency rates.
Gender affinity effects between female voters and women leaders in parliamentary elections: Cross-national evidence (1996-2016)
Authors: Ortega Carmen , Recuero Fátima , Oñate Pablo
Published: December 2023

An increasing amount of literature has demonstrated that party leaders affect voting behavior in parliamentary elections. However, the electoral impact of female leadership of political parties has been under-researched. The gender affinity hypothesis suggests that when women run for presidential or prime ministerial office, women are more likely than men to vote for them. Using data from the Comparative Study of Electoral Systems project, we tested gender affinity effects between female voters and female party leaders in mixed-sex legislative elections, that is, elections involving at least one female party candidate for prime minister, in parliamentary and semi-presidential systems. We analyzed 50 elections held from 1996 to 2016 in 24 countries. The results showed that female leaders were better evaluated by women and that women were more likely than men to vote for them. However, the gender affinity effects were small and not largely conditioned or not conditioned at all by other factors, such as some voters’ characteristics and electoral setting.
Parental attachment security and problematic internet use in children: The mediating role of maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies
Authors: Olmeda-Muelas Natalia , Cuesta-Zamora Cristina , Joiner Richard , Ricarte Jorge
Published: December 2023

Problematic Internet Use (PIU) is a growing problem among children. Insecure attachment has been associated with PIU and emotion dysregulation. Furthermore, there is evidence suggesting that maladaptive Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies (CERS), such as Self-blame, Rumination, Catastrophizing and Other-blame, lead to PIU, nevertheless, the mediating role of CERS between attachment and PIU has not been explored. A sample of 641 children (M = 10.15; SD = .89) participated in the study. The findings showed that there were significant differences between problematic and non-problematic users in terms of secure attachment and emotion dysregulation. Results show a negative association between attachment security and PIU and a negative association between attachment and maladaptive CERS, whilst maladaptive CERS were positively related with PIU. Finally, maladaptive CERS, particularly Rumination, were found to mediate the relationship between attachment security and PIU. However, Catastrophizing and Other Blame partially mediated the relationship between maternal attachment, but not the relationship between Father attachment and PIU. Limitations and implications are discussed, motivating the promotion of prevention and intervention programs.
Post-traumatic stress in older, community-dwelling adults with hypertension during the COVID-19 pandemic: An investigation of pre-pandemic sociodemographic, health, and vascular and inflammatory biomarker predictors
Authors: Troyer Emily A , Kohn Jordan N , Castillo Monica Feliz R , Lobo Judith D , Sanchez Yaniel Ramirez , Ang Gavrila , Cirilo Anthony , Leal Juan Andrew , Pruitt Christopher , Walker Amanda L , Wilson Kathleen L , Pung Meredith A , Redwine Laura S , Hong Suzi
Published: December 2023

COVID-19 pandemic-related traumatic stress (PRTS) symptoms are reported in various populations, but risk factors in older adults with chronic medical conditions, remain understudied. We therefore examined correlates and pre-pandemic predictors of PRTS in older adults with hypertension during COVID-19. Participants in California, aged 61–92 years ( n = 95), participated in a pre-pandemic healthy aging trial and later completed a COVID-19 assessment (May to September 2020). Those experiencing ⩾1 PRTS symptom ( n = 40), and those without PRTS symptoms ( n = 55), were compared. The PRTS+ group had poorer mental and general health and greater impairment in instrumental activities of daily living. Pre-pandemic biomarkers of vascular inflammation did not predict increased odds of PRTS; however, greater pre-pandemic anxiety and female gender did predict PRTS during COVID-19. Our findings highlight PRTS as a threat to healthy aging in older adults with hypertension; targeted approaches are needed to mitigate this burden, particularly for females and those with pre-existing anxiety.
Examining the political economy of heteronormativity in Southeast Asian queer migration biographies
Authors: Ee Ling Quah
Published: December 2023

This article examines the workings of heteronormativity in Southeast Asian queer migration biographies. By Southeast Asian queer migrants, the project refers to people self-identifying as gender and sexuality diverse from dominant gender and sexuality binary systems and people with variations in sex characteristics who have emigrated out of their home country in the Southeast Asian region. The exploratory study makes use of qualitative data collected from in-depth interviews with 15 queer migrants from Singapore, Malaysia, Vietnam and The Philippines and Thailand on their local and transnational familial care practices and needs. The respondents on one hand, through emigration, have attempted to veer off from discriminatory heteronormative structures in their home country and enjoyed relatively more space and opportunities in the receiving society to construct queer familial care practices. On the other hand, their queer migration biographies show how they continue to be implicated in the political economy of heteronormativity locally through their own queer familial practices and transnationally through their financial and emotional remittances to support heteronormative families of origin. The article argues that queer citizens and migrants deserve equal if not greater recognition for their unrelenting local and transnational care efforts to sustain heteronormative families in a global neoliberal economy and should not have to experience exclusion for being deemed as having deviated from heteronormative structures.