bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Production and assortment of dry beans in Serbia
Authors: Vasić Mirjana , Šeremešić Srđan , Marinković Jelena , Tepić-Horecki Aleksandra , Zdravković Milan , Ilić Aleksandra , Ječmenica Maja
Published: November 2021

Dry beans belong to pulses, species from Fabaceae family. Its dry grain is used in human nutrition. It is valued as traditional and modern food and medicine, protein source, and high-energy concentrated food. It is an important crop in agricultural production and international trade of many countries, economically viable and good preceding crop. Dry beans are considered the national dish of all people from Balkans, and it is inviolable in Serbia. Crossing of important trade routes, land and climate, turbulent history, which caused frequent population migrations, led to a great divergence of bean germplasm in our area. Domestic bean populations are exceptional genetic potential for breeding of new varieties that could give satisfactory results in these environmental conditions, with the application of appropriate cultivation technology. Areas under beans in Serbia are declining. Due to short vegetation and other biological traits, bean is very intensive and sensitive crop. This is emphasized by exceptional sensitivity to polyphagous insects, as well as the presence numerous pathogens. Low average yield is affected by weather, primarily high temperatures and drought. Yields could be increased by correct and timely application of modern agronomic knowledge, irrigated cultivation, in a joint crop or by sowing as second crop.
The most important viruses of beans
Authors: Milošević Dragana , Ignjatov Maja , Stanković Ivana , Nikolić Zorica , Vasiljević Sanja , Tamindžić Gordana , Krstić Branka
Published: November 2021

Over 200 diseases with different etiologies have been determined in dry beans and green beans. However, viral diseases seem to cause the greatest economic da-mage to legume production in most parts of the world. Dry beans can be infected by 44 different viruses including Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV), Bean common mosaic necrosis virus (BCMNV), Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Transmission through seeds and/or spread by aphids in non-persistent manner play important role in worldwide distribution of bean viruses. Viral diseases on dry and green beans can have an array of symptoms. The most common symptoms are the mosaic pattern, variegation or deformation of leaves and pods, resulting in reduced plant growth and yield.
The most important diseases and pests of beans and green beans and the possibility of their control
Authors: Vuković Slavica , Šunjka Dragana , Alavanja Aleksandra , Bošković Dragana , Žunić Antonije
Published: November 2021

The production of beans and green beans in our country takes place in relatively small areas, and it is additionally reduced by the presence of various harmful agents (pests and diseases). Economically significant diseases of beans and green beans are gray rot (Botrytis cinerea), white rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum), seedling rot, and seedling blight (Pythium sp.), Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporumf. sp. phaseoli), bean rust (Uromyces phaseoli), anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum), gray leaf spot (Mycosphaerella pinodes), brown leaf spot or bacterial blight (Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli), and bean mosaic virus. Five plant protection products (PPPs) based on four active substances have been registered in our country for the control of pathogens in beans and green beans. Signifi cant pests of beans and green beans in our country are black aphid (Aphis fabae), thrips (Kakothrips robustus), plant aphids (family Aphididae), cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera), as well as red spider mite and Atlantic (strawberry) spider mite (Tetranichus urticae and Tetranichus turkestani). Eight PPPs, based on seven active substances, have been registered for the control of pests in the crop of beans and green beans. This paper aimed to present the registered PPPs in the Republic of Serbia for the control of the most economically important pathogens and pests of beans and green beans, classified according to the mode of action.
Methodology of cash flows analysis
Authors: Pavlović Miloš , Gligorić Čedomir , Cvijić-Rodić Jana
Published: November 2021

Cash flows are one of the main indicators of liquidity and solvency of the company. In practice, the Statement of cash flows is very often done as "following document" to Balance sheet and Income statement. This is wrong. The statement of cash flows can give the information to its users about the ability of the company to make cash. The balance sheet and Income statement, due to their accrual basis, are not saying anything about the cash flows of the accounting period, and that is why the Statement of cash flows is very important. A good analysis of this statement can be the basis and support to the process of decision making both for internal and external users of financial information. In this paper we are presenting the methodology of the Statement of cash flows report analysis. The subject of this paper is the analysis of the Cash Flow Statement. The aim of this paper is to point out the importance of reporting on cash flows and its information capabilities to users of accounting information.
Restoration of the cultural heritage sites in Bosnia and Herzegovina as the basis for intercultural dialogue and development of tourism
Authors: Ćorović Adi , Obralić Ahmed
Published: November 2021

This study deals with the buildings and sites destroyed during the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina, mostly carrying cultural and historical importance. In the last two decades in Bosnia and Herzegovina, there has been an actual reconstruction or restoration of cultural heritage, some of which have been included on the UNESCO World Heritage List. Indeed, "facsimile" reconstruction is often the case, based on the concept "as it was, where it was". Citizens of other faiths and nationalities have often given material and/or moral support to the reconstruction of "different" religious sites, confirming the thesis that they associate one part of their identity with "different". It was the first major war in Europe after World War II, where a great number of cultural goods were destroyed as symbols related to the identities of entire nations. Therefore, the response related to the reconstructions was similar to Europe's response after 1945 and represented a contribution to reconciliation, alleviation of collective trauma, and the development of intercultural dialogue and tourism. The study included an observation method for data collection. Based on conducted observations, the archival method was used for the investigation of documents and textual material, finding data inform of historical documents on architects, designers, the purpose of the settings, constructions, reconstructions, their interaction with areas, proofs on heritage values, and significance for the tourism of Bosnia and Herzegovina. A ll the aforementioned confirms the thesis that from today's perspective, the restored or reconstructed areas are the bearers of intercultural dialogue and the tourist potential of local communities and that reconstruction as the method has a very big role in the peace-building process.
Bienes públicos, propiedad privada y nueva Constitución (primera parte)
Authors: Zúñiga Urbina Francisco , Peroti Díaz Felipe
Published: November 2021

Este artículo aborda sucintamente una evolución del derecho de propiedad y de los bienes públicos en las constituciones de Chile, así como el surgimiento de la función social. Además, aborda los tipos de bienes privados y públicos, tipos de propiedad y los términos teórico-prácticos de esta cuestión. Por otra parte, este trabajo define el dominio público, sus características y el régimen de permisos y concesiones que permite la explotación privada de los bienes públicos. Finalmente se enfoca la cuestión prospectivamente en el marco del debate constituyente en torno a la nueva Constitución que Chile aprobará en el año 2022. Para los autores, el poder constituyente originario desatado en noviembre de 2019 permite un amplio abanico de reconfiguración del derecho de propiedad y de los bienes públicos; subordinando la propiedad y los bienes privados al interés general de la nación.
Nuevos derechos frente a la neurotecnología: la experiencia Chilena
Authors: Reche Tello Nuria
Published: November 2021

Chile, en el marco de un nuevo proceso constituyente, aborda en primicia la reforma del artículo 19 nº 1 de su Constitución para hacer frente a los usos indebidos de las neurotecnologías, una enmienda que se desarrolla a través de un proyecto de Ley en el que se reconocen los conocidos como «neuroderechos », en terminología acuñada en la Neuroright Initiative de la Universidad de Columbia, New York, y que dirige el neurobiólogo español Rafael Yuste. En este artículo se analiza el proceso legislativo y sus enmiendas, con la finalidad de profundizar en el debate acerca de la regulación de las neurotecnologías reivindicando la presencia necesaria del derecho constitucional.
Relato de experiência do funcionamento do programa de puericultura pelo curso de enfermagem na Faculdade Guaraí-FAG
Authors: Rocha Barbara Núbia Silva , Mota Brian Souza Cruz Da , Couto Giullia Bianca Ferraciolli do , Santos Juliane Marcelino dos , Dias Adriana Keila , Pereira Reobbe Aguiar , Markus Glaucya Wanderley Santos
Published: November 2021

O termo puericultura configura-se como informação referente aos cuidados no processo de evolução e crescimento da criança e para acompanhar esse desenvolvimento foi instituído o Programa de Puericultura, que visa acompanhar o crescimento do indivíduo, orientando quanto a cobertura vacinal, estimulando a prática do aleitamento materno, orientando quanto a alimentação complementar e prevenindo as complicações comuns nos bebes no decorrer do dezoitos primeiros meses. Objetivo geral em relatar a experiência quanto ao funcionamento do programa de puericultura acompanhado pelos acadêmicos do curso de enfermagem na Faculdade Guaraí. A metodologia utilizada envolve a análise das fichas de acompanhamento às crianças, bem como relato das atividades desenvolvidas durante o acompanhamento, desde a sua implantação, fundamentando os aspectos apresentados por meio de publicações referentes ao tema. Conclui-se que as experiências dissertadas evidenciam que o programa atende satisfatoriamente à comunidade e contribuem para que os acadêmicos aperfeiçoem seus conhecimentos teóricos prático, ressaltando o compromisso da instituição quanto ao comprometimento da formação acadêmica.
A sexualidade na percepção dos acadêmicos da Faculdade Guaraí – FAG
Authors: Dias Jane Aparecida da Silva , Marin Letícia Helena Teixeira , Dias Adriana Keila , Santos Juliane Marcelino dos , Couto Giullia Bianca Ferraciolli do , Pereira Reobbe Aguiar , Markus Glaucya Wanderley Santos
Published: November 2021

A sexualidade é tida como uma das primícias da humanidade, isso por suas características multifacetárias que podem influenciar em todos os aspectos e áreas da vida. Tem como objetivo em caracterizar o comportamento sexual e sua implicância na vida dos acadêmicos. Este estudo é uma pesquisa de campo de abordagem quantitativa, exploratório-descritivo. A população deste estudo é composta por 146 acadêmicos de todos os cursos da faculdade. Os resultados surgidos na pesquisa são de maioria concordante com autores conhecidos de nível nacional, os mesmos contemplam os seguintes: O comportamento sexual dos acadêmicos entrevistados apontou que todos já possuem uma vida sexualmente ativa. A maioria possui parceiro fixo (82%) e em decorrência deste fator, apenas uma minoria faz uso do preservativo (14%), por confiarem em seus parceiros (as), relatando que o uso do preservativo é desconfortável (70%). Tal comportamento acaba expondo os participantes a ocorrência de uma gravidez não planejada ou IST, sendo que as IST’s são mais propensas a acontecerem, levando em consideração que de 146 participantes, 62 indivíduos utilizam preservativo e 84 fazem uso de demais métodos contraceptivos, deixando claro que a principal intenção é prevenir uma possível gravidez indesejada. Conclui-se então que os resultados indicam falhas no auto cuidado dos jovens, que adotaram comportamentos errôneos pela ausência de educação sexual.
Does Board Composition Influence CSR Disclosure? Evidence from Dynamic Panel Analysis
Authors: Dang Rey , Houanti L’Hocine , Lê Nhu-Tuyen , Sahut Jean-Michel
Published: November 2021

Given the importance of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and corporate governance, this study examines the association between board composition and CSR disclosure on a sample of S&P 500 firms over the period from 2004 to 2015. Unlike existing studies, we control for potential sources of endogeneity using a system-generalized method of moments (system GMM) estimator. In doing so, we find no evidence that board size, board independence or CEO duality has any significant influence on CSR disclosure. Rather, our results suggest that, when the problem of endogeneity is correctly taken into account, the link between board composition and CSR disclosure is neutral.
Responsabilité Sociétale de l’Entreprise et réponse sociétale : cas des PME tunisiennes
Authors: Turki Ahmed
Published: November 2021

Après la révolution de janvier 2011, les PME tunisiennes sont sollicitées pour développer de nouvelles formes de réponses destinées à la société. L’objectif de cette recherche est d’analyser les réponses sociétales apportées par les PME tunisiennes ainsi que leur processus de développement. Afin d’atteindre cet objectif, une étude qualitative a été menée sur 10 PME. Les résultats montrent que les réponses sociétales sont essentiellement de nature sociale. Aussi, celles-ci sont développées en adoptant soit une approche tactique soit une approche stratégique. L’approche tactique s’oriente vers la manipulation des parties prenantes à travers la mise en place des actions sociétales sans négociation avec les parties concernées. Quant à l’approche stratégique, elle vise une mise en oeuvre conjointe des actions sociétales.
PLASIRANJE PROIZVODA U FILM
Authors: Babić Miloš , Babić Aleksandar
Published: November 2021

Plasiranje proizvoda i pozicioniranje brendova putem filma odavno se odomaćilo u holivudskoj produkciji, a posebno posle 80-ih godina. Ovo je pregledan rad i predstavlja analizu načina i sadržaja plasiranih proizvoda u visokorangiranim filmovima kao i pregled značajnijih stavova i kritike. U radu se uočavaju i određeni modeli oglašavanja i definiše njihov koncept pozicioniranja. Najčešće kategorije proizvoda koje se plasiraju u filmu su transport i elektronski uređaji. Proizvode najčešće promovišu glavni glumci filma i oni su u uskoj vezi sa njima, ponekad za njih i proizvedeni, ili su deo njihovog okruženja. U radu se bavimo i etičkim i estetskim diskutabilnim pitanjima.
ULOGA DRŽAVE U PREVAZILAŽENJU ETIČKIH, RELIGIJSKIH I KULTUROLOŠKIH RAZLIKA, SA ASPEKTA UTICAJA GLOBALNIH MEDIJA I MEĐUNARODNOG FAKTORA, KAO MERILO SAVREMENOSTI POLITIČKOG SISTEMA
Authors: Petrović Slobodan
Published: November 2021

Država je klasna organizacija koja štiti interese vladajuće klase aparatom prinude fizičke sile kojim raspolaže. Međutim, država je determinanta politike koja se sprovodi nad narodom koji u njoj živi. Samo nadnacionalna kulturološka i religijska politika mogu obezbediti da se kroz proces obrazovanja koji započinje u obdaništu kod dece razvije osećaj prihvatanja različitosti. To je dugotrajan proces koji zahteva višedecenijski napor i obrazovno zalaganje. Fobija od jačanja ekstremizma javlja se u društvima koja imaju realan problem da budu ugrožena od strane onih koji nisu prošli kroz proces obrazovne indoktrinacije ili je pak ta obrazovna indoktrinacija imala previše snažan religijski karakter. Kroz svetsku, pa i evropsku prošlost, religija i kultura, kao sastavni elementi šireg fenomena – etike, često su se mešale, ali i sukobljavale. Uvek iz sukoba nastane krvoproliće. Svaki rat ima isključivo ekonomsko-ideološki karakter, religija je samo izgovor, a kultura predmet lažne odbrane. U desničarski orijentisanim društvima (državama) uticaj religije je dominantan i to je u direktnoj suprotnosti sa kosmopolitizmom kao svetskim fenomenom. Uloga države je da stvori nacionalno svestan, kulturno odgovoran i religijski neuticajan poredak, a taj proces se postiže strateškim dugoročnim obrazovanjem. Da bi se ovakva politika mira širila svetom neophodno je da međunarodne institucije zauzmu jasan stav i stimulišu razvoj sveobuhvatnog kosmopolitizma. Politički sistem je osnova progresivne političke misli u jednom društvu, što će umnogome doprineti razvoju same države. Religija i kultura sastavni su deo identiteta političkog sistema, odatle i potiče interakcija koja može dati pozitivan ili negativan efekat na celokupno društvo.
ULOGA NASTAVNIKA U IZGRADNIJI KRITIČKOG STAVA UČENIKA PRI IZBORU SADRŽAJA IZ MASOVNIH MEDIJA
Authors: Milošević Sanda
Published: November 2021

Razvoj vještina kritičkog mišljenja sve češće se postavlja kao jedan od ciljeva u području vaspitanja i obrazovanja. Nažalost, zalaganje za razvoj kritičkog mišljenja još uvijek je prisutnije u teoriji, nego u praksi. U radu se ukazuje na važnu ulogu koju nastavnici imaju u razvijanju znanja, moralnih vrijednosti i shvatanja koja se odnose na sva područja života. Cilj rada je analiziranje uloge nastavnika u savremenoj školi koji je sve manje „izvor informacija“, a sve više posrednik između učenika i znanja koja dolaze iz različitih izvora. Metodom anketiranja obuhvaćeni su učenici i nastavnici jedne osnovne škole da bi se uz pomoć kvantitativnih pokazatelja saznalo koliko se učenici upućuju na selektivni i kritički izbor sadržaja koji su dostupni putem globalnih medija. Analiza rezultata pokazuje da nastavnici nedovoljno upućuju učenike na različite izvore znanja i vještina za kontakt sa materijalnom društvenom sredinom te se dolazi do zaključka da se proces socijalizacije uglavnom svodi na metodičnu školsku socijalizaciju i da se pred učenike postavljaju samo određeni isječci društvene stvarnosti.
POSLOVNA ETIKA U OBLASTI PRIVATNE (KORPORATIVNE) BEZBEDNOSTI
Authors: Simović Slobodan , Soković Kristina
Published: November 2021

Centralna figura bezbednosti uopšte je čovek, kao najviša štićena vrednost i kao osnovni nosilac te iste delatnosti. Etika se temelji na ljudskim vrednostima i moralnim načelima, kao polazištima i ishodištima smisla ljudskog postojanja. To znači da se kvalitetna bezbednost ne može izgraditi bez razumevanja mesta i uloge etike i morala u profesionalnom bavljenju delatnošću bezbednosti.
EFEKTI AKTIVNIH RADNIH POLITIKA NA TRŽIŠTE RADA
Authors: Macura Rajko , Konda Iva , Popović Slobodan
Published: November 2021

Recesija i globalna ekonomska kriza, a samim tim i smanjenje ekonomskih aktivnosti, značajno su uticale na tržište rada. Od 2006. godine udio radno sposobnog stanovništva pokazuje negativan rast od 5%. Tržište rada u BiH karakterišu visoka stopa nezaposlenosti i visok nivo neformalnog zapošljavanja. Zavodi za zapošljavanje se uglavnom bave pasivnim radnim politikama. Učinke aktivnih mjera je teško izmjeriti, zbog čega se i značajno razlikuju rezultati istraživanja. Navedeno ukazuje na potrebu pažljivog pristupa izboru mjera aktivnih politika, praćenju njihovog učinka i korigovanja. Ovim radom se nastojao analizirati uticaj mjera aktivnih radnih politika na uključivanje nezaposlenih u tržište rada. Rađena je potrebna komparativna analiza tržišta rada BiH i susjednih zemalja, kako bi se odredile efikasne mjere za uključivanje nezaposlenih u tržište rada.
Television Series Review
Authors: McAndrew Michael
Published: November 2021

Showtime’s Couples Therapy (2019-2021) has done something very few shows have done well-showcase real therapeutic treatment on television. The advent of “prestige tv” has led to a proliferation of programs which show the therapeutic relationship in hi definition between protagonists and their therapists, such as HBO’s The Sopranos (1999-2007), and the recently revived In Treatment (2008-2010, 2021). Prior to this the “real” therapy seen on television was limited to the so-called “reality television” trend that gave us the wildly popular Intervention on A&E (2005-ongoing) and the seedier Celebrity Rehab with Dr. Drew (2008-2012).
Towards an Arabic Sign Language (ArSL) corpus for deaf drivers
Authors: Abbas Samah , Al-Barhamtoshy Hassanin , Alotaibi Fahad
Published: November 2021

Sign language is a common language that deaf people around the world use to communicate with others. However, normal people are generally not familiar with sign language (SL) and they do not need to learn their language to communicate with them in everyday life. Several technologies offer possibilities for overcoming these barriers to assisting deaf people and facilitating their active lives, including natural language processing (NLP), text understanding, machine translation, and sign language simulation. In this paper, we mainly focus on the problem faced by the deaf community in Saudi Arabia as an important member of the society that needs assistance in communicating with others, especially in the field of work as a driver. Therefore, this community needs a system that facilitates the mechanism of communication with the users using NLP that allows translating Arabic Sign Language (ArSL) into voice and vice versa. Thus, this paper aims to purplish our created dataset dictionary and ArSL corpus videos that were done in our previous work. Furthermore, we illustrate our corpus, data determination (deaf driver terminologies), dataset creation and processing in order to implement the proposed future system. Therefore, the evaluation of the dataset will be presented and simulated using two methods. First, using the evaluation of four expert signers, where the result was 10.23% WER. The second method, using Cohen’s Kappa in order to evaluate the corpus of ArSL videos that was made by three signers from different regions of Saudi Arabia. We found that the agreement between signer 2 and signer 3 is 61%, which is a good agreement. In our future direction, we will use the ArSL video corpus of signer 2 and signer 3 to implement ML techniques for our deaf driver system.
A fast vectorized sorting implementation based on the ARM scalable vector extension (SVE)
Authors: Bramas Bérenger
Published: November 2021

The way developers implement their algorithms and how these implementations behave on modern CPUs are governed by the design and organization of these. The vectorization units (SIMD) are among the few CPUs’ parts that can and must be explicitly controlled. In the HPC community, the x86 CPUs and their vectorization instruction sets were de-facto the standard for decades. Each new release of an instruction set was usually a doubling of the vector length coupled with new operations. Each generation was pushing for adapting and improving previous implementations. The release of the ARM scalable vector extension (SVE) changed things radically for several reasons. First, we expect ARM processors to equip many supercomputers in the next years. Second, SVE’s interface is different in several aspects from the x86 extensions as it provides different instructions, uses a predicate to control most operations, and has a vector size that is only known at execution time. Therefore, using SVE opens new challenges on how to adapt algorithms including the ones that are already well-optimized on x86. In this paper, we port a hybrid sort based on the well-known Quicksort and Bitonic-sort algorithms. We use a Bitonic sort to process small partitions/arrays and a vectorized partitioning implementation to divide the partitions. We explain how we use the predicates and how we manage the non-static vector size. We also explain how we efficiently implement the sorting kernels. Our approach only needs an array of O(log N) for the recursive calls in the partitioning phase, both in the sequential and in the parallel case. We test the performance of our approach on a modern ARMv8.2 (A64FX) CPU and assess the different layers of our implementation by sorting/partitioning integers, double floating-point numbers, and key/value pairs of integers. Our results show that our approach is faster than the GNU C++ sort algorithm by a speedup factor of 4 on average.
Upper and Lower Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Lesions in Patients with Unexplained Iron Deficiency Anaemia- A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Reddy Shrigouri , Vaishnav Bhumika , Sharma Pragya , Tonde Tushar , Bamanikar Arvind , Barla Dasaradha Ramu , Basha Farhanulla
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Anaemia, due to iron deficiency, is very common in India. In many cases, the underlying cause of iron deficiency remains unknown even after detailed laboratory investigations. It is often due to malabsorption of iron from the gut and occult blood loss from the Gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Bidirectional GI endoscopy can help in finding these causes. Aim: To study the upper and lower GI endoscopic lesions in patients with unexplained Iron Deficiency Anaemia (IDA). Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study, conducted on 75 patients with unexplained IDA in Dr. DY Patil Medical College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India, between June 2019 to June 2020. Patients above the age of 18 years and with Haemoglobin (Hb) of less than 13 g/dL (males) and less than 12 g/dL (females) underwent upper GI endoscopy and colonoscopy with biopsies, after ethics committee approval and informed consent. Complete haemogram with blood indices, iron studies and faecal Occult Blood Test (OBT) were conducted for all the patients. The patients were divided into Group A, those with upper/lower GI endoscopy lesions thought to be responsible for IDA and Group B, those without GI endoscopic lesions. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 21.0 and statistical tests (Chi-square test, Student’s t-test and multivariate logistic regression analysis, with 95% Confidence Interval (CI) and p-value <0.05 was taken as significant) were used when required. Results: There were 44 females and 31 males in the study, with the age range of 20-81 years. The mean age of patients in Group A (n=44) was 58.57±11.68 years and Group B (n=31) was 49.68±14.45 years. On multivariate analysis, advance age, history of weight loss and faecal occult blood were statistically significantly associated with the presence of GI endoscopic lesions responsible for IDA (p-value<0.05). Maximum lesions responsible for IDA were found in stomach (48%), erosive and inflammatory lesions causing IDA were more common in upper GI tract. Peptic ulcers were found in 12% cases. The GI malignancies were found in 14.66% subjects. Colorectal cancers (8%) were more common than upper GI cancers (6.66%). Conclusion: In patients with IDA, erosive oesophagitis and haemorrhagic gastritis were commonly found followed by peptic ulcers and malignant GI lesions on bidirectional endoscopy. GI endoscopy is a very important tool to diagnose the cause of IDA. All patients with advanced age, history of weight loss and a positive faecal OBT should undergo bidirectional GI endoscopy routinely.
Clinico-epidemiological Profile and Outcomes of COVID-19 Patients Admitted in Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Hospital: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Husaini Syed Haider Mehdi , Abqari Shaad , Siddiqui Obaid Ahmad , Nadeem Abu , Urfi . , Waseem Shah Mohammad Abbas , Siddiqui Shahid Ali , Khan Haris Manzoor
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) has taken the world by storm since its detection in China. The pandemic swept across the globe and affected India. The presence or absence of co-morbidities may determine the clinical outcome. Clinical manifestations include cough, fever and dyspnoea mainly. Aim: To elucidate epidemiological findings, clinical features, co-morbidities of COVID-19 disease and clinical outcomes in first 500 COVID-19 patients admitted at a tertiary care teaching hospital in Northern India. Materials and Methods: The retrospective observational study was conducted at Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Hospital (JNMCH), Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India, from 21st April to 27th October 2020 on first 500 Reverse Transcription- Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR)/Rapid Antigen or TruNatBeta positive patients. During January to March 2021 period data was collected and analysed. Data was analysed for epidemiological parameters, symptoms and clinical hospital outcomes of patients. Data was analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0 IBM and p-value <0.05 was taken as significant. Results: Out of total patients, 284 (56.80%) and 216 (43.20%) were males and females respectively and 11.12% of females were pregnant. Difference in mean ages of males and females was significant (p-value <0.001). The results show that 434 patients (86.80%) recovered fully and were discharged (more males were discharged), whereas 47 (9.40%) patients died. Out of total 500 patients 75.60% patients stayed in the hospital for more than 72 hours and 24.40% stayed for less than 72 hours. The mean age of patients who stayed for less than 72 hours was 48.85±17.93 as compared (44.23±17.45) to those who stayed for more than 72 hours and the difference was significant (p-value=0.012). Most common symptom was fever (58%) followed by cough (32%) and dyspnoea (31%). The association between the duration of stay and clinical outcome was significant (p-value <0.001). Conclusion: Gender, advancing age, duration of stay and associated co-morbidities appear to play role in infection and outcome of COVID-19
Accelerating Sulfur Redox Reactions by Topological Insulator Bi2Te3 for High‐Performance Li‐S Batteries
Authors: Song Xueqin , Tian Da , Qiu Yue , Sun Xun , Jiang Bo , Zhao Chenghao , Zhang Yu , Fan Lishuang , Zhang Naiqing
Published: November 2021

Polysulfide shuttling and sluggish sulfur redox kinetics hinder the cyclability and rate capability of lithium‐sulfur (Li‐S) batteries. Accelerating sulfur redox reactions is considered a promising way toward the capture and utilization of soluble sulfur species. Herein, topological insulator (TI) Bi2Te3 is reported as an electrocatalyst for accelerated sulfur electrochemistry. The findings indicate that Bi2Te3 can effectively anchor soluble sulfur species and form seamless electron transport pathways with the adsorbed polysulfides. Both the sulfur reduction reactions and the reverse processes are found to be boosted by Bi2Te3. The incorporation of Bi2Te3 enables efficient operation of Li‐S batteries in terms of impressive rate capability of 857 mAh g−1 at 3 C and very low capacity decay of 0.033% per cycle over 1000 cycles. This work extends the application of TI to the field of Li‐S electrochemistry and may inspire further explorations.
Ultrahigh‐Performance Optoelectronic Skin Based on Intrinsically Stretchable Perovskite‐Polymer Heterojunction Transistors
Authors: Liu Kai , Bian Yangshuang , Kuang Junhua , Huang Xin , Li Yi , Shi Wei , Zhu Zhiheng , Liu Guocai , Qin Mingcong , Zhao Zhiyuan , Li Xifeng , Guo Yunlong , Liu Yunqi
Published: November 2021

The optoelectronic skin is acknowledged as the world's current cutting‐edge technology in the fields of wearable healthcare monitoring, soft robotics, artificial retinas, and so on. However, the difficulty in preparing stretchable photosensitive polymers and the high‐crystallization nature of most reported photosensitive materials (such as perovskites) severely restrict the development of skin‐like optoelectronic devices. Herein, a surface energy‐induced self‐assembly methodology is proposed to form easily transferrable and flexible perovskite quantum dot (PQD) films with a worm‐like morphology. Furthermore, intrinsically stretchable phototransistors (ISTPTs) are fabricated based on a stretchable photosensitive layer heterojunction consisting of worm‐like PQD films and hybrid polymer semiconductors. The obtained ISTPTs display highly sensitive response to high‐energy photons of X‐ray (with a detection limit of 79 nGy s−1, that is 560 times lower than commercial medical chest X‐ray diagnosis) and ultraviolet (with photosensitivity of 5 × 106 and detectable light intensity of 50 nW cm−2 among the highest performance of reported photodetectors). In addition, these ISTPTs demonstrate desirable e‐skin characteristics with high strain tolerance, high sensing specificity, high optical transparency, and good skin conformability. The surface energy‐induced self‐assembly methodology for the preparation of ISTPTs is a critical demonstration to enable low‐cost and high‐performance optoelectronic skins.
Mie Sensing with Neural Networks: Recognition of Nano‐Object Parameters, the Invisibility Point, and Restricted Models
Authors: Movsesyan Artur , Besteiro Lucas V. , Wang Zhiming , Govorov Alexander O.
Published: November 2021

In this work, artificial neural networks (ANNs) are used to recognize nano‐objects solely from the absorbance spectrum of a macroscopic sample. For this, ANNs with two recognition schemes are constructed. The first one is designed to recognize ensembles of dielectric scatterers. The second ANN model recognizes the dimensions of gold nanospheres in a mixture and the refractive index of a matrix. A challenge in the first scheme arises at and near the invisibility point, i.e., when the refractive index of nanoparticles is close to that of the medium. Of course, particle recognition in this regime faces fundamental physical limitations. However, such recognition near the invisibility point is possible, and this study reveals its unique properties. Interestingly, the recognition process for the refractive index in the vicinity of the invisibility point shows very small errors. In contrast, the errors for recognition of the radius grow strongly near this point. Another regime with limited recognition occurs when the extinction spectra are not unique and can correspond to different realizations of nanoparticle mixtures. The recognition schemes proposed and investigated herein can find their applications in sensing.
“Porous and Yet Dense” Electrodes for High‐Volumetric‐Performance Electrochemical Capacitors: Principles, Advances, and Challenges
Authors: Pan Zhenghui , Yang Jie , Kong Junhua , Loh Xian Jun , Wang John , Liu Zhaolin
Published: November 2021

With the ever‐rapid miniaturization of portable, wearable electronics and Internet of Things, the volumetric performance is becoming a much more pertinent figure‐of‐merit than the conventionally used gravimetric parameters to evaluate the charge‐storage capacity of electrochemical capacitors (ECs). Thus, it is essential to design the ECs that can store as much energy as possible within a limited space. As the most critical component in ECs, “porous and yet dense” electrodes with large ion‐accessible surface area and optimal packing density are crucial to realize desired high volumetric performance, which have demonstrated to be rather challenging. In this review, the principles and fundamentals of ECs are first observed, focusing on the key understandings of the different charge storage mechanisms in porous electrodes. The recent and latest advances in high‐volumetric‐performance ECs, developed by the rational design and fabrication of “porous and yet dense” electrodes are then examined. Particular emphasis of discussions then concentrates on the key factors impacting the volumetric performance of porous carbon‐based electrodes. Finally, the currently faced challenges, further perspectives and opportunities on those purposely engineered porous electrodes for high‐volumetric‐performance EC are presented, aiming at providing a set of guidelines for further design of the next‐generation energy storage devices.
Exploration of the Unique Structural Chemistry of Sulfur Cathode for High‐Energy Rechargeable Beyond‐Li Batteries
Authors: Sungjemmenla  , Soni Chhail Bihari , Vineeth S. K. , Kumar Vipin
Published: November 2021

The increased demand for energy has prompted users to seek alternative energy storage devices. Post‐Li‐ion battery chemistries have been considered potential contenders for the development of next‐generation battery technologies. The high specific capacity (≈1675 mAh g−1) and high natural abundance (≈953 ppm) of sulfur provide opportunities to meet the rigorous requirements of the market's demands, such as high energy density and low cost. When combined with a high capacity metal anode (e.g., Na ≈ 1165 mAh g−1, Mg ≈ 2205 mAh g−1, and Al ≈2980 mAh g−1), it leads to high energy density that can outperform the existing battery technologies, including high‐energy Li‐ion batteries. Despite the unique attributes of the sulfur‐based battery system, it remains in infancy owing to the complex reaction chemistry of sulfur cathode, and the level of complexity increases with an increase in valency of metal ions. This review summarizes the unique aspects of a sulfur cathode essential to stabilizing sulfur cathode‐based high‐energy rechargeable batteries. Furthermore, deeper insight into the electrochemical performance of various metal–sulfur‐based systems has been provided. This review may pave the path for the researchers to accelerate the development of sulfur cathode for post‐Li‐ion batteries.
Pyrazine‐interior‐embodied MOF‐74 for selective CO2 adsorption
Authors: Zhao Meng , Ban Yujie , Chang Ze , Zhou Yingwu , Yang Kun , Wang Yuecheng , Cao Na , Yang Weishen
Published: November 2021

A series of pyrazine‐interior‐embodied metal–organic framework‐74 composites (py‐MOF‐74) were successfully synthesized by a post‐synthetic vapor modification method. Here, pyrazine molecules occupy the cavity to block the wide pores of MOF‐74, which accentuates the difference in adsorption of a pair of gases on MOFs and consequently reinforces the adsorption selectivity. Different from the “physical confinement” of occupants, the pyrazine molecule with dual “para‐nitrogen” atoms donates one N atom to bond with the open metal ion of MOF‐74 for stability and the other N atom for potential CO2 trapping. Typically, py‐MOF‐74c with the highest pyrazine insertion ratio displays selectivity greatly superior to that of MOF‐74 in equimolar CO2/CH4 (598 vs. 35) and in simulated CO2/N2 flue gas (471 vs. 49). Py‐MOF‐74 entities are long‐lived adsorbents, and their CO2 capacity can be maintained even after storage for 1 year in air. Py‐MOF‐74 also showed a sharp molecular sieve property in fixed‐bed cycle adsorption tests, which implies its great potential in real applications.
Extending the phenotype of DeSanto‐Shinawi syndrome: A case report and literature review
Authors: Ho Stephanie , Luk Ho‐Ming , Lo Ivan F. M.
Published: November 2021

DeSanto‐Shinawi syndrome (DESSH, OMIM #616708) is a rare autosomal dominant neurodevelopmental disorder caused by loss‐of‐function variants in the WAC gene. Affected individuals are characterized by neonatal hypotonia, developmental delay, intellectual disability, behavioral problems, and dysmorphism. Epilepsy is present in some of the patients with DESSH. By far, less than 30 affected individuals have been reported worldwide. Herein, we report a 9‐year‐old Chinese girl with molecularly substantiated DESSH with a de novo nonsense c. 1648C>T p.(Arg550*) variant identified in the WAC gene. Aside from developmental delay and the characteristic facial gestalt, our proband also exhibited tethered cord syndrome due to filar lipoma and left duplex kidney complicated with hydronephrosis, features not observed in any of the previously reported individuals with DESSH.
Neurofibromatosis 1 in the setting of dual diagnosis: Diagnostic and management conundrums
Authors: Muthusamy Karthik , El‐Jabali Aseel , Ongie Laura J. , Dhamija Radhika , Babovic‐Vuksanovic Dusica
Published: November 2021

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a common neurocutaneous disorder characterized by development of pigmentary skin changes, neurogenic tumors, and other manifestations involving multiple organ systems. Penetrance is complete, though expressivity is quite variable even among the family members. Given that NF1 is a common hereditary condition, existence of a second genetic disorder in NF1 patients is not unexpected. During comprehensive evaluations of individuals with NF1, we encountered 11 patients with dual diagnosis who contributed to phenotypic complexity and challenges for long‐term management. Examples include Prader–Willi Syndrome, Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease, Down syndrome, infantile myofibromatosis, Craniosynostosis, cleft lip and palate, 47,XYY, 22q11.2 duplication, 15q13.3 deletion syndrome, and BRCA2‐ and ATM‐ related cancer predisposition syndromes. Presence of dysmorphism, developmental delay, atypical tumors, and family history of other genetic disorders including cancers appears as determinants to consider a second genetic etiology and helps to differentiate from an extreme phenotypic spectrum of NF1. Clinicians should have high index of suspicion to exclude coexisting disorders, as apart from providing comprehensive medical care. This also has potential implications in genetic counseling. Long‐term effects of the synergistic mechanisms leading to phenotypic complexity and patient outcomes are yet to be characterized, with follow‐up needed.
Engineering Modular 3D Liver Culture Microenvironments In Vitro to Parse the Interplay between Biophysical and Biochemical Microenvironment Cues on Hepatic Phenotypes
Authors: Wang Alex J. , Allen Allysa , Sofman Marianna , Sphabmixay Pierre , Yildiz Ece , Griffith Linda G.
Published: November 2021

In vitro models of human liver functions are used across a diverse range of applications in preclinical drug development and disease modeling, with particular increasing interest in models that capture facets of liver inflammatory status. This study investigates how the interplay between biophysical and biochemical microenvironment cues influences phenotypic responses, including inflammation signatures, of primary human hepatocytes (PHHs) cultured in a commercially available perfused bioreactor. A 3D printing‐based alginate microwell system is designed to form thousands of hepatic spheroids in a scalable manner as a comparator 3D culture modality to the bioreactor. Soft, synthetic extracellular matrix (ECM) hydrogel scaffolds with biophysical properties mimicking features of liver are engineered to replace polystyrene scaffolds, and the biochemical microenvironment is modulated with a defined set of growth factors and signaling modulators. The supplemented media significantly increases tissue density, albumin secretion, and CYP3A4 activity but also upregulates inflammatory markers. Basal inflammatory markers are lower for cells maintained in ECM hydrogel scaffolds or spheroid formats than polystyrene scaffolds, while hydrogel scaffolds exhibit the most sensitive response to inflammation as assessed by multiplexed cytokine and RNA‐Seq analyses. Together, these engineered 3D liver microenvironments provide insights for probing human liver functions and inflammatory response in vitro.
Inhibition of lipid oxidation in mayonnaise by finger millet seed coat polyphenols
Authors: Velur Balasubramaniam Geetha , Sukumar Sathvika , Alagarsamy Meena , Velpandi Pon Sharmila Devi , Palaniappan Ayyappan , Roy Leema Mary , Antony Usha
Published: November 2021

Auto‐oxidation of food emulsions leads to rancidity which significantly reduces the shelf life of the finished products. Polyphenols are potent antioxidants that can play a crucial role in inhibiting lipid oxidation. The effect of polyphenols derived from finger millet (Eleusine coracana v. GPU 28) seed coat (FMSC) on inhibiting auto‐oxidation in full‐fat mayonnaise was evaluated against a synthetic antioxidant (BHT). Mayonnaise samples with added FMSC polyphenols had higher overall acceptability with better texture (softer product). The viscosity of all samples decreased on storage. Enhanced lipid stability with FMSC polyphenols was evident from the low peroxide value of 5.523 ± 0.07 meq kg−1, acid value of 3.9 ± 0.25 mg KOH g−1, and thiobarbituric acid reactive species value of 0.41 ± 0.02 mg MDA kg−1, in comparison to mayonnaise treated with BHT (6.76 ± 0.08 meq kg−1, 4.2 ± 0.3 mg KOH g−1, and 0.51 ± 0.01 mg MDA kg−1) when stored for 7 weeks at 4°C. FMSC polyphenols are effective in inhibiting lipid oxidation in mayonnaise. The study is the first to report the potential of finger millet seed coat polyphenols as strong antioxidants on par with the synthetic BHT in retarding lipid oxidation. Considering the need for natural ingredients, the polyphenols from FMSC may be utilized in high‐fat products by the food industry in place of synthetic antioxidants.
Strongly structured populations and reproductive habitat fragmentation increase the vulnerability of the Mediterranean starry rayRaja asterias(Elasmobranchii, Rajidae)
Authors: Catalano Giusy , Crobe Valentina , Ferrari Alice , Baino Romano , Massi Daniela , Titone Antonino , Mancusi Cecilia , Serena Fabrizio , Cannas Rita , Carugati Laura , Hemida Farid , Manfredi Chiara , Melis Riccardo , Scarcella Giuseppe , Sion Letizia , Stagioni Marco , Tinti Fausto , Cariani Alessia
Published: November 2021

The Mediterranean starry ray (Raja asterias) populations within the Mediterranean Sea are susceptible to high rates of bycatch in the multispecies trawl fisheries. Understanding its population structure and identifying critical habitats are crucial for assessing species vulnerability and setting the groundwork for specific management measures to prevent population decline.

To assess the population structure ofR. asteriasin the Mediterranean, the genetic variation in nine population samples at one mitochondrial marker and eight nuclear microsatellite loci was analysed. Moreover, 172 egg cases collected in the Strait of Sicily were identified at species level using integrated molecular and morphological approaches.

Genetic analyses revealed that the Mediterranean starry ray comprises three distinct units inhabiting the western, the central‐western, and the central‐eastern areas of the Mediterranean. An admixture zone occurs in the Strait of Sicily and the Ionian Sea, where individuals of the central‐western and central‐eastern population units intermingle.

The joint morphometric–genetic analyses of rajid egg cases confirmed the presence of more than one species in the admixture area, with a predominance of egg cases laid byR. asterias. DNA barcoding revealed that egg cases and embryos ofR. asteriasshared several haplotypes with adult individuals from the central‐western and central‐eastern Mediterranean Sea, revealing that females of both populations laid numerous eggs in this area.

According to these findings, detailed taxonomic determination of egg cases, when combined with seasonal migration studies, could improve the capability to identify important spawning or nursery areas for the Mediterranean starry ray, particularly in those admixture zones relevant to maintaining genetic diversity.

Finally, these new insights should be considered to update the Action Plan for the Conservation of Cartilaginous Fishes in the Mediterranean Sea with effective measures to reduce the impact of skate bycatch in trawling and safeguard egg cases in nursery areas.