bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation Of Sublethal Toxicity Of Nitrite To A Suite Of Aquatic Organisms In Support Of The Derivation Of A Chronic Environmental Water Quality Benchmark
Authors: Baker Josh , Matheson Graham , Gilron Guy , DeForest David
Published: March 2022

Nitrite is a naturally-occurring inorganic compound that occurs in aquatic environments as an intermediary between nitrate and ammonia in the nitrogen cycle. It is a contaminant of potential concern resulting from anthropogenic activities in some cases. While the acute toxicity of nitrite has been characterized in previous studies, its sublethal toxicity is less understood. To determine the sublethal toxicity of nitrite on freshwater organisms, a suite of organisms was tested including: two salmonids (Oncorhynchus mykiss and O. kisutch), an alga (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata), an aquatic macrophyte (Lemna minor), and three invertebrates (Ceriodaphnia dubia, Chironomus dilutus, and Neocloeon triangulifer). Test organisms were exposed to nitrite concentrations ranging between 0.02 and 1.28 mg/L nitrite (NO2-N). The toxicity tests were conducted according to procedures specified in standardized methods, allowing for the estimation of multiple endpoints for each test species. Species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) were generated using endpoints from the toxicity testing results, as well as data from previous studies, from which water chemistry approximated that used in the tests (i.e., < 5 mg/L chloride, an important toxicity-modifying factor for nitrite). The mayfly, N. triangulifer, was the most sensitive species, followed by the two salmonids (which represented the second and third most sensitive species), although they were not as sensitive to nitrite exposure as reported in previous studies. The fifth percentile hazard concentration (HC5) generated from the SSD could be used for derivation of regulatory benchmarks and threshold values for site-specific aquatic risk assessments.
Synthesis and Characterization of Nickel Nanoparticles of Gloriosa Superba and Its Anti-Angiogenic Activity in Cervical Cancer
Authors: S Mrudhulla , Ravi Anjali K , Muthukrishnan Saradhadevi , Shanmugam Velayuthaprabhu , Arumugam Vijaya Anand , Muthukrishnan Arun
Published: March 2022

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide that arises from the transformation of normal cells into tumour cells in a multi-stage process. There is always a stable demand for new therapies to treat cancer. Research communities is showing interest towards nanoparticles along with naturally-derived compounds as they are considered as less toxic compared to chemotherapy and radiation. The present study is to develop a fast, eco-friendly synthesis of Gloriosa superba nickel nanoparticles (GSNiNPs) using methanolic extract of Gloriosa superba tuber which acts as a reducing agent and has an active principle against cancer activity. Nickel nanoparticles are considered as good adsorbents due to their chemical and magnetic properties. The synthesised GSNiNPs were characterized using UV Visible spectroscopy, which showed a prominent peak at 350 nm verified the formation of NiNps by the reduction of bioactive compounds of Gloriosa superba towards metal salts. FTIR confirmed that the GSNiNPs were functionalized with biomolecules. SEM and TEM analysis revealed that GSNiNPs are slightly spherical and agglomerated nanoparticles. The in-vitro cytotoxic activity of Gloriosa superba nickel nanoparticles in HeLa cancer cell lines was analyzed using MTT assay, wound healing assay, DAPI staining and double staining. In vitro anti-angiogenic efficacy of Gloriosa superba-nickel nanoparticles was evaluated via the expression pattern of caspase 3 and 9, VEGF A and VEGF B through reverse transcriptase-PCR. The results revealed that Gloriosa superba nickel nanoparticles possess apoptotic and anti-angiogenic effects in HeLa cell lines by inhibiting VEGF A and B and increasing the levels of caspase 3 and 9. GSNiNPs can act as an effective anti-cancer therapeutic agent for cervical cancer cells. In conclusion, the synthesized GSNiNPs can bring a new approach to improve the bioavailability of drug-responsive for the treatment of cervical cancer.
The Role Of Peak Serum Estradiol Level In The Prevention Of Multiple Pregnancies In Gonadotropin Stimulated Intrauterine Insemination Cycles.
Authors: Bouet Pierre-Emmanuel , Bruand Mariette , Bellaïche Kevin , Vielle Bruno , Legendre Guillaume , Descamps Philippe , Corroenne Romain , May-Panloup Pascale , Hachem Hady El
Published: March 2022

The objective was to assess whether the measurement of serum estradiol (E2) level on trigger day in controlled ovarian stimulation with intrauterine insemination (COS-IUI) cycles helps lower the multiple pregnancy (MP) rate. We performed a unicentric observational study. We included all patients who underwent COS-IUI and had a subsequent clinical pregnancy (CP) between 2011 and 2019. Our main outcome measure were the area under Receiver-Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve.We included 455 clinical pregnancies (CP) obtained from 3387 COS-IUI cycles: 418 singletons, 35 twins, and 2 triplets. The CP, MP, and live birth rates were respectively 13.4%, 8.1% and 10.8%. The area under ROC curve for peak serum E2 was 0.60 (0.52-0.69). The mean E2 level was comparable between singletons and MP (260.1±156.1 pg/mL vs 293.0 ±133.4 pg/mL, p=0.21, respectively). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that E2 level was not predictive of MP rate (aOR: 1.13 (0.93-1.37) and 1.06 (0.85-1.32), respectively). Our study shows that, when strict cancelation criteria based on the woman’s age and follicular response on ultrasound are applied, the measurement of peak serum E2 levels does not help reduce the risk of MP in COS-IUI cycles.
Risk Factors Associated With The Adverse Outcome Of Residual Stones After PCNL For Upper Urinary Tract Calculi
Authors: Xie Feng , Deng Shidong , Fei Kuilin , Xu Hanfeng , Zhang Huihui
Published: March 2022

The study aims to investigate the risk factors associated with the adverse outcome of residual stones after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) for upper urinary tract calculi. 233 patients who underwent PCNL for upper urinary tract calculi and had postoperative residual stones were included. The adverse outcome of residual stones was defined as an increase in postoperative residual stone diameter or the recurrence of stone-related symptoms. The risk factors were analyzed from the patients’ records and the presence or absence of the adverse outcome. The factors examined were gender, age, location of the stone, the maximum diameter of stone, serum creatinine, calcium in blood, urine PH, size of residual stone, urine culture, hypertension, and diabetes. In addition, the difference was examined for stone composition and the type of bacteria in the urine culture. An adverse outcome of residual stones developed in 125 of 233 patients. Univariate analysis showed that the size of postoperative residual stones and positive urine culture were the risk factors for the adverse outcome. The probability of adverse outcome increased by about 1.694 times, when the diameter of residual stones increased by 1mm. The probability of adverse outcome in patients with positive urine culture was about 2.111 times higher than those with negative urine culture. However, other factors analyzed were not related to the adverse outcome of residual stone. In conclusion, longer diameter of residual stones and positive urine culture are risk factors associated with the adverse outcome of residual stones after PCNL for upper urinary tract calculi.
Strain-specific alterations in gut microbiome and host immune responses elicited by Bifidobacterium pseudolongum
Authors: Ma Bing , Gavzy Samuel J. , Saxena Vikas , Song Yang , Piao Wenji , Lwin Hnin Wai , Lakhan Ram , Lyyathurai Jegan , Li Lushen , France Michael , Paluskievicz Christina , WillsonShirkey Marina , Hittle Lauren , Munawwar Arshi , Mongodin Emmanuel F. , Bromberg Jonathan S.
Published: March 2022

Background: The beneficial effects attributed to Bifidobacterium are thought to arise from their host immunomodulatory capabilities, which are likely to be species- and even strain-specific. However, their strain-specificity in direct and indirect immune modulation remain largely uncharacterized. Results: We have shown that B. pseudolongum UMB-MBP-01, a murine isolate, is capable of suppressing inflammation and reducing fibrosis in vivo. To ascertain the mechanism driving this activity and to determine if it is specific to UMB-MBP-01, we compared it to B. pseudolongum type strain ATCC25526 of porcine origin using a combination of in vitro and in vivo experimentation and comparative genomics approaches. Despite many shared features, we demonstrate that these two strains possess distinct genetic repertoires in carbohydrate assimilation, differential activation signatures and cytokine responses in innate immune cells, and differential effects on lymph node morphology with unique local and systemic leukocyte distribution. Importantly, the administration of each B. pseudolongum strain resulted in major divergence in the structure, composition, and function of gut microbiota. This was accompanied by markedly different changes in intestinal transcriptional activities, suggesting strain-specific modulation of the endogenous gut microbiota as a key to host responses of immune modulation and changes in intestinal B. pseudolongum strains. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated a single probiotic bacterial strain can influence local, regional, and systemic immunity through both innate and adaptive pathways in a strain-specific manner. It highlights the importance to investigate both the endogenous gut microbiome in response to prophylactic supplementation strains and the intestinal responses, and advances our understanding of the mechanisms which drive the strain-specific association between prophylactic Bifidobacterium and health benefit.
The Prevalence and Associated Factors of Anemia among Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy: A prospective study
Authors: Muthanna Fares M.S , Karuppannan Mahmathi , Abdulrahman Egbal , Uitrakul Suriyon , Hassan Bassam Abdul Rasool , Mohammed Ali Haider
Published: March 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to ascertain the prevalence and factors associated with anemia (hemoglobin [Hb] 12 g/dL) in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Materials and Methods
We conducted a prospective longitudinal study to collect demographic and clinical data on adult breast cancer patients with or without anemia who were admitted to HKL, UMMC, and NCI. The incidence of anemia was determined by detecting whether or not anemia developed during the course of chemotherapy. Mild, moderate, or severe anemia was defined. A chi-square and logistic regression model were used to assess the effect of demographic and clinical factors on the incidence of anemia and multiple logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the associations of potential risk factors with the presence of CRA.
Results
The study enrolled a total of 292 breast cancer patients. Anemia occurred at a rate of 41.1% (n = 120). Our findings indicated that clinical factors such as the number of chemotherapy regimens, dose reduction, and type of chemotherapy e.g. docetaxel, as well as demographic covariates such as age and BMI, all contribute to the incidence of anemia in cancer patients.
Conclusions
According to this study, the prevalence of anemia in breast cancer patients is high. Patients' age, BMI, number of chemotherapy regimens, and docetaxel were risk factors; thus, protocols are needed to identify subgroups of breast cancer likely to benefit from novel management strategies.
Extreme events, trophic chain reactions, and shifts in phenotypic selection
Authors: Layton-Matthews Kate , Vriend Stefan , Grotan Vidar , Loonen Maarten , Sæther Bernt-Erik , Fuglei Eva , Hansen Brage Bremset
Published: March 2022

The demographic effects of rapid environmental change and extreme climatic events (ECEs) can cascade across trophic levels, while the potential evolutionary implications have rarely been explored empirically. Here, we show how an ECE in high Arctic Svalbard triggered a trophic chain reaction, affecting overwintering and migratory vertebrates, which eventually induced a shift in density-dependent phenotypic selection in barnacle geese. A record-breaking rain-on-snow event and ice-locked pastures led to reindeer mass starvation and a population crash, followed by a period of low mortality and population recovery. This caused lagged, long-lasting reductions in reindeer carrion numbers and resultant low abundances of the Arctic fox, a scavenger on reindeer and predator of migratory birds. The associated shift in gosling predation rates by Arctic foxes allowed for a rapid increase in barnacle goose population density. As expected from r- and K-selection theory, we show that the goose body condition maximising Malthusian fitness increased with this shift in population density. Thus, the ECE acting directly on the overwintering community indirectly led to selection for larger geese. This high Arctic case study provides rare empirical evidence of links between ECEs, community dynamics and evolution, with implications for how we understand the indirect eco-evolutionary impacts of global change.
Technology matters to cope with unforeseen pandemics: low COVID-19 fatality in countries with high numbers of medical ventilators
Authors: Coccia Mario
Published: March 2022

In the presence of global pandemic crisis of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), nations have applied containment policies of varying degree of strictness to mitigate mortality in society, but these non-pharmaceutical interventions have generated a low effectiveness. However, some countries though high levels of infections have experienced lower numbers of COVID-19 related deaths. Why? This exploratory research here analyzes the vital role of technological innovation of medical ventilators to cope with the initial stage of COVID-19 pandemic without specific pharmaceutical treatments (drugs and vaccines). Preliminary results, based on a comparative analysis of a small sample of countries, suggest that countries having a high number of medical ventilators (26.76 per 100,000 inhabitants) have in general a fatality rate lower (1.44% in December 2020) than countries with low average number of medical ventilators (10.38 per 100,000) that have a high fatality rate of 2.46% in the same period. These findings bring us to suggest a strategy of preparedness to cope with future pandemic threats, which focuses on high levels of R&D investments in healthcare sectors to support drug discovery process, new infrastructures and skilled human resources associated with modern technologies in high-tech medical ventilators that really can reduce negative effects of emerging infectious disease when specific drugs lack.
Eksplorasi Message Strategy dan Sub-Process Consumer Engagement di Akun Instagram @Netflixid
Authors:   Sekolah Bisnis dan Ekonomi, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Kampus BSD, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339, Muljono Ancilla Quena , Setiadi Ashanta Maktasaridewi ,   Sekolah Bisnis dan Ekonomi, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Kampus BSD, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339, Ardianto Eka ,   Sekolah Bisnis dan Ekonomi, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Kampus BSD, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339, Hartono Yudo ,   Sekolah Bisnis dan Ekonomi, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Kampus BSD, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339
Published: March 2022

Topik online consumer engagement menjadi topik yang semakin populer bagi riset pemasaran dikarenakan perannya yang penting dalam menciptakan keunggulan kompetitif merek. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi berbagai jenis message strategy yang digunakan oleh akun Instagram @netflixid dan jenis consumer engagement sub-processes di dalam kolom komentar @netflixid. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi bagaimana message strategy membentuk karakter dari consumer engagement sub-processes dan dalam pengembangannya terhadap consumer engagement rate. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metodologi netnografi, dan metode domain analysis dan narrative analysis, dengan bantuan aplikasi analisis data kualitatif, yaitu N-Vivo. Penelitian ini telah berkontribusi dalam pengembangan literatur yang terdiri dari penemuan sub-category baru yaitu empathy pada message strategy: affective dan penambahan 3 sub-proses consumer engagement baru, yaitu emoting, partaking, dan objecting. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa consumer engagement sub-processes menciptakan sebuah consumer engagement levels secara spesifik terhadap message strategy yang digunakan. Peneliti menyarankan agar brands menggunakan message strategy: engagement dalam konten yang diunggah pada akun Instagram dan menyertakan engagement cues yang spesifik untuk menciptakan sub-process: partaking pada kolom komentar yang dimana pada hasilnya akan menciptakan sebuah consumer engagement rate yang tinggi. Terlebih lagi, penelitian ini memberikan masukkan pada implikasi manajerial dengan memahami dinamika dalam membangun consumer engagement pada akun Instagram milik merek melalui eksplorasi message strategy dan consumer engagement sub-processes.
Forecasting 100-year changes of streamflow in the Mun River Basin (NE Thailand) under the HAPPI experiment using the SWAT model
Authors: Bridhikitti Arika , Ketuthong Arocha , Prabamroong Thayukorn , Renzhi Li , Jing Li , Gaohuan Liu
Published: March 2022

The Lower Mekong River is one of the significant rivers nurturing people on the Southeast Asian mainland. Its tributaries include the Mun River (NE Thailand), which often experiences extreme water events. In this study, the streamflow change in the year 2115 was simulated by relying on the Half a degree Additional warming, Prognosis and Projected Impacts (HAPPI) experiment and the Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate, version 5 (MIROC5) climate model for average global warming of 1.5 °C (Plus1.5) and 2.0 °C (Plus2.0) above pre-industrial levels and compared with the base year in 2015 for the Mun River Basin. The Soil–Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used for the streamflow simulation. The results showed an increasing air temperature against lowering rainfall and relative humidity (except for the post-monsoon months), suggesting overall rain suppression in response to the warming climate. The median projected annual streamflow to the Mekong River in 2115 decreased for both ‘Plus1.5’ (−32.5%, median) and ‘Plus2.0’ (−23.1%, median). However, increasing annual streamflow could be found only in the middle part. Seasonal streamflow changes revealed a different spatiotemporal response to climate change resulting in inconsistent streamflow changes across the basin. The adaptive measures for the middle part should be focused on flooding control, whereas the upper and the lower parts should be against drought.
Isolation and identification of potentially pathogenic free-living amoeba in drinking, surface, and stagnant water sources from Alborz Province, Iran
Authors: Javanmard Ehsan , Niyyati Maryam , Taghipour Ali , Fatemi Marziye , Mirjalali Hamed , Karanis Panagiotis
Published: March 2022

Free-living amoebas (FLAs) can cause neurological and ocular complications in humans. Water supplies play a critical role in transmitting FLAs to humans. The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of FLAs in various aquatic sources including drinking water, stagnant water, and surface water in Alborz province, northern Iran, using morphological and molecular techniques. A total of 70 water samples were collected from 34 drinking waters, 23 surface waters, and 13 stagnant waters. Filtration and cultivation were employed to isolate FLAs. PCR assay was applied by using the genus-specific primers on positive samples. Pathogenicity tests (osmo- and thermo-tolerance properties) were performed for Acanthamoeba spp., positive sample. Considering the morphological criteria, four positive samples of Acanthamoeba sp., three Vermamoeba sp., two mixed Vermamoeba sp. with Vahlkamfiids, and one mixed Acanthamoeba sp. with Vahlkamfiids were isolated. Five Acanthamoeba sp. isolates were amplified using the JDP primer pairs. Among them, two genotypes, T4 (three isolates) and T5 (two isolates) corresponding to A. lenticulata, were identified. Four V. vermiformis samples were confirmed using the sequencing. This study highlighted the occurrence of potentially pathogenic waterborne FLAs in water habitats associated with high human activity. The results of such research on the prevalence of FLAs, as a human hazard, should be communicated to health policymakers.
Vulnerability assessment of water resources in a karst mountainous area based on GIS/RS technology: a case study of Guiyang, Southwest China
Authors: Li Wei , Zhao Zulun , Lv Sisi , Zhao Weiquan , Su Weici
Published: March 2022

Water resource vulnerability in ecologically vulnerable karst areas is a key issue for regional sustainable development and the sustainable use of water resources. In this study, geographical information system (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) technology were employed to explore the vulnerability characteristics and spatial distribution of water resources in Guiyang City. The water resource vulnerability indicator in Guiyang ranged from 0.10 to 0.59, with an average value of 0.26. Yanglongsi Town, in Xifeng County, in the northern and main central urban area exhibited the highest water resource vulnerability, whereas Huaxi District in the south, and regions around Hongfeng Lake and Baihua Lake, in Qingzhen City, exhibited the lowest water resource vulnerability. Water resource vulnerability was predominantly mild, accounting for 35.85% of the total land area, followed by moderate (28.99%), with some non-vulnerable areas (13.60%) and very few extremely vulnerable areas (3.20%). Compared with traditional methods, the proposed index selection and assessment methods, based on GIS/RS, are both scientific and intuitive. In addition, the results are presented in detail, accurately reflecting the actual situation of water resource system vulnerability.
Spatial equilibrium model-based optimization for inter-regional virtual water pattern within grain trade to relieve water stress
Authors: Yao Liming , Tan Shiqi , Hou Shuhua
Published: March 2022

Realizing water usability and management sustainability represents one of the Sustainable Development Goals. Since grain cultivation consumes tremendous amounts of water, the inter-regional grain trade causes virtual water flow, increasing water stress in certain water-scarce regions. As the second-longest river in China, the Yellow River bears increasingly severe water stress. Considering water and food security, this study proposes a spatial equilibrium model (SEM) that combines partial equilibrium theory and transport models to maximize net social revenue and to balance grain supply and demand, thereby optimizing inter-regional grain trade to relieve water stress. According to different natural, technical and social conditions, we conceived five scenarios to predict regional water stress characterized with different water supplies, demographic structures, food demand compositions and water-saving technologies. Our simulation results suggest that the developed SEM can realize spatial equilibrium of food and water resources within the Basin, which is capable of resolving the problem of food demands in regions with varying extents (13%–55%), optimizing inter-regional grain trade and mitigating water stress. Finally, we recommend some constructive policies for different scenarios to relieve water stress.
An essential tool for WRRF modelling: a realistic and complete influent generator for flow rate and water quality based on data-driven methods
Authors: Li Feiyi , Vanrolleghem Peter A.
Published: March 2022

Modelling, automation, and control are widely used for water resource recovery facility (WRRF) optimization. An influent generator (IG) is a model, aiming to provide the flowrate and pollutant concentration dynamics at the inlet of a WRRF for a range of modelling applications. In this study, a new data-driven IG model is proposed, only using routine data and weather information, and without need for any additional data collection. The model is constructed by an artificial neural network (ANN) and completed with a multivariate regression to generate time series for certain pollutants. The model is able to generate flowrate and quality data (TSS, COD, and nutrients) at different time scales and resolutions (daily or hourly), depending on various user objectives. The model performance is analyzed by a series of statistical criteria. It is shown that the model can generate a very reliable dataset for different model applications.
Going beyond conventional wastewater treatment plants within circular bioeconomy concept – a sustainability assessment study
Authors: Marami Hadis , Tsapekos Panagiotis , Khoshnevisan Benyamin , Madsen Jeanette Agertved , Andersen Jacob Kragh , Rafiee Shahin , Angelidaki Irini
Published: March 2022

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) have extensive energy processes that undermine their economic and environmental performance. In this context, the integration of wastewater treatment with other biochemical processes such as co-digestion of sludge with organic wastes, and production of value-added products at their downstream processes will shift conventional WWTPs into biorefinery platforms with better sustainability performance. The sustainability of such a biorefinery platform has been investigated herein using an economic and life cycle assessment approach. This WWTP-based biorefinery treats wastewater from Copenhagen municipality, co-digests the source-sorted organic fraction of municipal solid waste and sludge, and upgrades biogas into biomethane using a hydrogen-assisted upgrading method. Apart from bioenergy, this biorefinery also produces microbial protein (MP) using recovered nutrients from WWTP's reject water. The net environmental savings achieved in two damage categories, i.e., −1.07 × 10−2 species.yr/FU in ecosystem quality and −1.68 × 106 USD/FU in resource scarcity damage categories along with high potential windows for the further environmental profile improvements make this biorefinery platform so encouraging. Despite being promising in terms of environmental performance, the high capital expenditure and low gross profit have undermined the economic performance of the proposed biorefinery. Technological improvements, process optimization, and encouraging incentives/subsidies are still needed to make this platform economically feasible.
Análise epidemiológica nacional de mamoplastias reconstrutivas pós-mastectomia com implante de próteses de 2009 a 2019
Authors: Portela Pereira Victória dos Reis , Moreira Lara Thaís , Baptiste de Paula Sara , Almeida Adorno Iara , Ferreira de Azevedo Mariana Luíza , Martins de Oliveira Maia Lucineide
Published: March 2022

O câncer de mama é a neoplasia maligna feminina mais incidente no Brasil, a qual tem como opção terapêutica a mastectomia. Assim como o diagnóstico, o tratamento da neoplasia desencadeia distúrbios físicos e emocionais nas pacientes, o que poderia ser minimizado pela reconstrução mamária, podendo ser feita com implante de próteses. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a epidemiologia nacional nos últimos 10 anos das mamoplastias reconstrutivas pós-mastectomia com implante de próteses. Para tal fez-se uma coleta de dados do DATASUS, de janeiro de 2009 a dezembro de 2019, analisando número de internações, distribuição geográfica, número de óbitos, tempo médio de internação, caráter de atendimento, complexidade, valores total e médio de internação. No período analisado, houve 15.775 procedimentos, sendo eles liderados pela região Sudeste (9.698), enquanto a região Norte apresentou o menor número de internações (280). A maioria apresentou caráter eletivo (85,12%), todos foram considerados de média complexidade, sendo obtidos resultados de 3 óbitos. A média de permanência hospitalar nacional foi de 2,0 dias e os valores total e médio foram, respectivamente R$ 14.176.879,60 e R$ 898,69. Desta forma, conclui-se que a região Sudeste apresenta o maior número de procedimentos e gastos, o que pode ser explicado pela sua concentração de especialistas e recursos. Ademais, é de suma importância destacar como a reconstrução mamária melhora a qualidade de vida das pacientes e, apesar disso, não é amplamente realizada no território brasileiro.

Palavras-chave: Mastectomia; Mamoplastia; Epidemiologia; Implantes de Mama.
Análise do panorama epidemiológico brasileiro da doença de Alzheimer de 2008 a outubro de 2020
Authors: Rocha de Almeida Carolina , Calmon Nogueira da Gama Pereira Ana Beatriz
Published: March 2022

De acordo com a transição demográfica, o envelhecimento populacional e a expectativa de vida dos brasileiros aumentaram exponencialmente, porém este acréscimo não é concomitante com a melhora da qualidade de vida. Isso ocorre devido à alta incidência de síndromes demenciais, como a Doença de Alzheimer (DA), constituindo a principal causa de mortalidade e prejuízo funcional da população idosa. Aproximadamente 20% da população brasileira é idosa, sendo que cerca de 10% das pessoas possuem chance de desenvolver ou já possui demência. Atualmente, esta doença representa um significativo problema de saúde pública no Brasil pela longa extensão e complexidade de manifestações funcionais, emocionais e consequências sociais, tanto para os idosos quanto para seus familiares. Esta doença cursa com comprometimento e incapacidade funcional de idosos, aumentando a demanda de cuidados, o que gera grande impacto na estabilidade de ambientes familiares e nos gastos públicos destinados a saúde. As heterogeneidades educacional e cultural da população brasileira geram características peculiares ao diagnóstico da DA. Este estudo sobre a morbimortalidade das cinco regiões brasileiras apresentou, a partir de dados fornecidos pelo DATASUS, que a região Sudeste possui maiores valores nas variáveis analisadas. Dessa forma, é uma doença de extrema importância no acompanhamento de pessoas que iniciam a terceira idade, necessitando, portanto, de mais cuidado com os indivíduos atingidos e destinação de verbas para prevenção e tratamento, visto que são fragilizados tanto pela doença quanto pela idade avançada.
Evolução da doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica: revisão de literatura
Authors: Miquelito Juliana , Conceição Siqueira Emílio
Published: March 2022

A doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica (DHGNA) é uma das mais frequentes causas de doença hepática, acometendo todas as faixas etárias e ambos os sexos. É considerada a hepatopatia crônica mais comum nos países ocidentais e é definida como o acúmulo excessivo de lipídeos no citoplasma dos hepatócitos, excedendo 5% do peso do órgão. Ademais, é uma condição patológica de amplo espectro e com elevada capacidade evolutiva, que inclui a esteatose hepática e a esteato hepatite, a qual pode evoluir para cirrose e carcinoma hepatocelular (CHC). Contudo, essa evolução não segue um padrão, visto que há uma elevação no desenvolvimento de CHC em pacientes com esteato hepatite que não avançaram para cirrose. O presente trabalho objetivou expor e correlacionar dados epidemiológicos e informações sobre a evolução da esteato hepatite, visto que a DHGNA pode ser prevenida ou minimizada, desde que seja diagnosticada precocemente e esteja associada a mudanças no estilo de vida. A metodologia fundamentou-se na pesquisa de artigos científicos nacionais e internacionais usando como base o Pubmed. Foram incluídos artigos originais indexados entre os anos de 2010 e 2020. Os dados analisados comprovam que dos pacientes com esteato hepatite acompanhados por até 9 anos, 27% progrediram para fibrose e 19% para cirrose, enquanto isso a maioria dos pacientes apenas com esteatose permaneceram sem lesão hepática mesmo com acompanhamento de até 20 anos. Portanto, conclui-se que o presente estudo se faz de grande destaque, visto que trata de um tema com expressiva prevalência e associa-se a diversas comorbidades.

Palavras - chave: Esteatose hepática; Esteato hepatite; Cirrose; Carcinoma hepatocelular.
Rim em ferradura em peça cadavérica e sua correlação clínica e cirúrgica: Relato de caso
Authors: Grillo de Freitas Karine , Emílio Conceição de Siqueira Emílio
Published: March 2022

O rim em ferradura consiste na má formação congênita de fusão renal de maior frequência, com ocorrência média de 0,25%da população, sendo duas vezes mais frequente no sexo masculino. Ademais, cursa com numerosas variações anatômicas associadas, principalmente no que tange a sua vascularização. Foi realizado um estudo de trabalhos nacionais e internacionais, visando identificar casos clínicos descritos sobre a condição estudada e correlacioná-los com a macroscopia da peça cadavérica exposta.  O estudo visa relatar o achado de um Rim em Ferradura no Instituto de Anatomia da Universidade de Vassouras e correlacioná-lo com a clínica, objetivando atualizar profissionais e estudantes da área médica quanto à suas repercussões clínicas e cirúrgicas. Foi avaliado um Rim em Ferradura que possui medidas de 28cm de comprimento total (40% acima do normal), 5 cm de largura e 2,5 cm de espessura, ambas consideras dentro do padrão de normalidade. O hilo renal está situado mais anteriormente que o normal e foi identificadas duplicação e dilatação das veias renais de cada lado. Observou-se também a compressão da artéria aorta abdominal e da veia cava inferior, posteriormente ao local de fusão dos rins. Além disso, há expressiva impressão da artéria mesentérica inferior sobre o parênquima renal que limitou a ascensão do órgão. Portanto, variações renais podem expressar uma influência significativa na predisposição a enfermidades, curso da doença, alterações nos exames clínicos e em exames complementares. Portanto, os cirurgiões e clínicos que possuem conhecimento prévio da anomalia podem minimizar iatrogenias cirúrgicas e minimizar sintomas.

Palavras- chave: Rim em ferradura; Aorta abdominal; Tumor de wilms.
Por um debate conceitual sobre arquivos a partir de Michel Foucault
Authors: Salcedo Diego
Published: March 2022

Pressupõe que boa parte dos estudantes universitários na atualidade demonstra dificuldade ou resistência no modo de entender o debate conceitual documento e arquivo e a sua relação com a práxis científica. O pressuposto está baseado na observação e no diálogo em sala nas disciplinas sobre pesquisa, ciência e filosofia ofertadas nos Cursos de Graduação em Biblioteconomia e de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Informação da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Este artigo tem como objetivo propor um debate conceitual sobre arquivos a partir de Michel Foucault e com algumas referências das áreas supracitadas. O procedimento metodológico foi exploratório e bibliográfico. Conclui que o senso comum estudantil não concebe o fazer científico com o debate conceitual. Colabora com a produção de bibliografia didático-teórica para uso dos estudantes. Põe em prática certa versão de confrontamento de conceitos que possam ser esboçadas, compartilhadas e debatidas, pois disso trata o arquivo, propriamente dito.
Folksonomia no contexto LGBTQIA+
Authors: Santana Sergio Rodrigues de , Santos Raimunda Fernanda , Melo Maytê Luanna Dias de , Girard Carla Daniella Teixeira
Published: March 2022

Tem como objetivo refletir acerca do preconceito e da discriminação no âmbito das práticas colaborativas de representação de conteúdos por meio da Folksonomia. A pesquisa possui caráter qualitativo e a hermenêutica enquanto método, aliado à interdisciplinaridade de campos e de teorias. Quando não considerados no âmbito da Folksonomia, o preconceito e a discriminação emergem como uma gap epistêmica, uma vez que ambos podem se apropriar da Folksonomia para prosperar. Destaca que a Folksonomia não pressupõe a imposição de regras para a seleção de tags a serem utilizadas pelos(as) usuários(as) em ambiente web, haja vista o seu caráter colaborativo. Por isso ela pode ser utilizada através da lógica do preconceito e discriminação, aplicada por humanos e/ou robôs (autônomos ou assistidos) para a rápida popularização de fake news e da cultura do cancelamento- algumas das estruturas perversas que promovem a vertigem da Sociedade da Informação, e que têm refletido sobre os sujeitos LGBTQIA+.
Research Progress of Quercetin Delivery Systems
Authors: Zhao Xingtao , Deng Ying , Xue Xinyan , Liao Li , Zhou Mengting , Peng Cheng , Li Yunxia
Published: March 2022

Quercetin is the main dietary flavonoid with a wide range of pharmacological activities. However, the poor gastrointestinal absorption and low bioavailability of quercetin curtails its clinical applications.. Enhancement the bioavailability of quercetin focuses on the application of delivery systems technologies such as microparticle delivery systems, solid dispersions, encapsulation, phospholipid complexes, and hydrogels , which have been systematically reviewed .And theirapplications in vitro and in vivo animal experiments also been described, promoting the development and optimization of drug delivery system for clinical applications.
Current Treatment and Future Trends of Immunotherapy in Breast
Cancer
Authors: Cescon David W. , Elliott Mitchell J. , Wilson Brooke
Published: March 2022

Immunotherapy continues to redefine the solid tumor treatment landscape, with inhibitors of
the PD-L1/PD-1 immune checkpoint having the most widespread impact. As the most common cancer
diagnosed worldwide, there is significant interest in the development of immunotherapy for the treatment
of breast cancer in both the early and metastatic settings. Recently reported results of several clinical
trials have identified potential roles for immunotherapy agents alone or in combination with standard
treatment for early and metastatic disease. While trials to date have been promising, immunotherapy
has only been shown to benefit a select group of patients with breast cancer, defined by tumor subtype,
PD-L1 expression, and line of therapy. With over 250 trials ongoing, emerging data will enable
the further refinement of breast cancer immunotherapy strategies. The integration of multiple putative
biomarkers and consideration of dynamic markers of early response or resistance may inform optimal
patient selection for immunotherapy investigation and integration into clinical practice. This review
will summarize the current evidence for immune-checkpoint blockade (ICB) in the treatment of early
and metastatic breast cancer, highlighting current and potential future biomarkers of therapeutic response.
Clinical Outcomes of Zinc Supplementation Among COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Giuliano Christopher A. , Berti Andrew D. , Kale-Pradhan Pramodini B. , Aprilliano Bianca N. , Miller Christopher R. , Alyashae Basma T. , Bhargava Ashish , Johnson Leonard B.
Published: March 2022

Background:

Zinc supplementation is frequently prescribed during the treatment of
COVID-19. However, the evidence supporting the efficacy of this intervention is mixed.

Objective:

Establish the clinical utility of zinc supplementation to alter disease severity in COVID-
19 illness.

Methods:

We performed a multicenter, retrospective, observational chart review of patients
admitted to Ascension St. John Hospital or Detroit Medical Center from January 1st, 2020 to May
31st, 2020. All included patients received concomitant hydroxychloroquine due to its zinc
ionophore activity. Our primary outcome was a change in Sequential Organ Failure Assessment
(SOFA) score with secondary outcomes including all-cause mortality, need for intubation, and QTc
prolongation as a safety outcome.

Results:

We identified 489 patients who received zinc and 587 patients who did not. The primary
outcome showed a small difference in the change in SOFA score in patients receiving zinc in
univariate analysis (1.08 vs. 1.43, p=0.02), but this difference was not significant after adjustment
for confounding factors such as receipt of corticosteroids and ICU admission. Mortality was not
different between those that received zinc compared to those that did not (32.7% vs. 35.9%,
p=0.268).

Conclusion:

Our retrospective study, including 1064 patients hospitalized in Detroit, demonstrated
no differences in mortality or disease severity with zinc combination. Furthermore, prospective
studies are needed to establish the utility of zinc in the treatment of COVID-19.
Design, Synthesis, and Pharmacological Evaluation of Substituted
Oxadiazole-Pyridazin-3-One Derivatives as Antioxidant and
Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Saini Minaxi , Das Rina , Mehta Dinesh K.
Published: March 2022

Background:

The chemical modification of pyridazinone leads to a potent therapeutic
agent.

Aim:

A series of novel analogues of 4,5-dichloro-6-(substituted-benzyl)-2-(5-mercapto-[1,3,4]-
oxadiazol-2-ylmethyl)-2H-pyridazin-3-one have been synthesized.

Objectives:

The novel synthesized pyridazinone derivatives were docked for possible targets,
followed by antimicrobial and antioxidant activities.

Methods:

The target compounds were synthesized using a nucleophilic substitution reaction. The
structures of newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR,
mass spectroscopy, and elemental analysis.

Results:

The novel synthesised compounds were screened for their antimicrobial and antioxidant
properties in vitro. Compound 5e showed good antibacterial and antifungal activity with MIC 25
μg/mL and 6.25 μg/mL against all the bacterial and fungal strains and in-vitro antioxidant
activity with an IC50 of 51.64. The experimental results were further supported by molecular
docking analysis using V-Life Science MDS 4.6 software and the GRIP batch docking method.

Conclusion:

All the compounds have been evaluated in vitro for antioxidant and antimicrobial
activities against several strains of microbes and have shown significant activity. The
experimental results were further supported by molecular docking analysis, describing improved
interaction patterns.
Development of a Maternal and Child mHealth Intervention With Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Mothers: Co-design Approach
Authors: Perkes Sarah Jane , Huntriss Belinda , Skinner Noelene , Leece Bernise , Dobson Rosie , Mattes Joerg , Hall Kerry , Bonevski Billie
Published: March 2022

Background

Despite their growing popularity, there are very few mobile health (mHealth) interventions for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people that are culturally safe and evidence based. A co-design approach is considered a suitable methodology for developing health interventions with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.

Objective

The aim of this study was to co-design an mHealth intervention to improve health knowledge, health behaviors, and access to health services for women caring for young Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children.

Methods

Aboriginal researchers led engagement and recruitment with health services and participants in 3 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities in New South Wales, Australia. Focus groups and interviews were facilitated by researchers and an app developer to gather information on 3 predetermined themes: design characteristics, content modules, and features and functions. Findings from the co-design led to the development of an intervention prototype. Theories of health behavior change were used to underpin intervention components. Existing publicly available evidence-based information was used to develop content. Governance was provided by an Aboriginal advisory group.

Results

In total, 31 mothers and 11 health professionals participated in 8 co-design focus groups and 12 interviews from June 2019 to September 2019. The 6 design characteristics identified as important were credibility, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander designs and cultural safety, family centeredness, supportive, simple to use, and confidential. The content includes 6 modules for women’s health: Smoke-free families, Safe drinking, Feeling good, Women’s business, Eating, and Exercising. The content also includes 6 modules for children’s health: Breathing well; Sleeping; Milestones; Feeding and eating; Vaccinations and medicines; and Ears, eyes, and teeth. In addition, 6 technology features and functions were identified: content feed, social connection, reminders, rewards, communication with health professionals, and use of videos.

Conclusions

An mHealth intervention that included app, Facebook page, and SMS text messaging modalities was developed based on the co-design findings. The intervention incorporates health behavior change theory, evidence-based information, and the preferences of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women and health professionals. A pilot study is now needed to assess the acceptability and feasibility of the intervention.
Statistical Methods for Item Reduction in a Representative Lifestyle Questionnaire: Pilot Questionnaire Study (Preprint)
Authors: Staffini Alessio , Fujita Kento , Svensson Akiko Kishi , Chung Ung-Il , Svensson Thomas
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND

Reducing the number of items in a questionnaire while maintaining relevant information is important as it is associated with advantages such as higher respondent engagement and reduced response error. However, in health care, after the original design, an a posteriori check of the included items in a questionnaire is often overlooked or considered to be of minor importance. When conducted, this is often based on a single selected method. We argue that before finalizing any lifestyle questionnaire, a posteriori validation should always be conducted using multiple approaches to ensure the robustness of the results.

OBJECTIVE

The objectives of this study are to compare the results of two statistical methods for item reduction (variance inflation factor [VIF] and factor analysis [FA]) in a lifestyle questionnaire constructed by combining items from different sources and analyze the different results obtained from the 2 methods and the conclusions that can be made about the original items.

METHODS

Data were collected from 79 participants (heterogeneous in age and sex) with a high risk of metabolic syndrome working in a financial company based in Tokyo. The lifestyle questionnaire was constructed by combining items (asked with daily, weekly, and monthly frequency) from multiple validated questionnaires and other selected questions. Item reduction was conducted using VIF and exploratory FA. Adequacy tests were used to check the data distribution and sampling adequacy.

RESULTS

Among the daily and weekly questions, both VIF and FA identified redundancies in sleep-related items. Among the monthly questions, both approaches identified redundancies in stress-related items. However, the number of items suggested for reduction often differed: VIF suggested larger reductions than FA for daily questions but fewer reductions for weekly questions. Adequacy tests always confirmed that the structural detection was adequate for the considered items.

CONCLUSIONS

As expected, our analyses showed that VIF and FA produced both similar and different findings, suggesting that questionnaire designers should consider using multiple methods for item reduction. Our findings using both methods indicate that many questions, especially those related to sleep, are redundant, indicating that the considered lifestyle questionnaire can be shortened.