bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound-guided perisaphenous tumescence infiltration improves the outcomes of long catheter foam sclerotherapy combined with phlebectomy of the varicose tributaries
Authors: Cavezzi Attilio , Mosti Giovanni , Di Paolo Sonia , Tessari Lorenzo , Campana Fausto , Urso Simone Ugo
Published: April 2015

A prospective comparative observational study was performed to assess the short--term efficacy and safety of the peri-saphenous infiltration of tumescence solution (PST) in great saphenous vein (GSV) long catheter foam sclerotherapy (LCFS) combined with phlebectomy of the varicose tributaries. Since November 2006 through November 2010 fifty-one consecutive patients (16 males and 35 females, mean age 51.5 years) who underwent LCFS of GSV + multiple phlebectomies were prospectively enrolled, without any pre-selection criteria, in three different groups (17 patients per group) and reviewed as to their outcomes: i) patients without additional PST; ii) with PST under visual control; iii) with ultrasound-guided PST. All procedures were performed in local anesthesia and an average of 7 mL [interquartile range (IQR) 6.5-7.5] of 3% sodiumtetradecylsulfate CO2+O2-based sclerosant foam was injected in the diseased segment of GSV (median caliber 7) (IQR 6-8) by means of a 4F long catheter. Clinical and color-duplex ultrasound (CDU) follow-up was performed at regular intervals, the last of which 14 months after the treatment. At 14 months follow-up no varicose veins were visible in 94%, 94% and 100% of the cases in group I, II and III respectively. The CDUbased outcomes were the following: 71%, 71% and 84% GSV occlusion rate in group I, II and III respectively; reflux was found in 5, 4 and 1 cases in group I, II and III respectively. Clinical and CDU morphologic and hemodynamic results were assembled and scored through an arbitrary system. The relative statistical analysis showed a significant (P<0.0001) improvement of the results for patients who received ultrasound guided PST over the other two groups. No relevant complications were recorded in all 51 cases. GSV treatment by means of LCFS + phlebectomy of varicose tributaries proved to be effective and safe in this prospective observational study. The addition of ultrasound guided PST resulted in a significant improvement of GSV occlusion rate and of varicose vein clinical resolution.
Financialisation and the sub-prime crisis: a stock-flow consistent model
Authors: Caverzasi Eugenio , Godin Antoine
Published: April 2015

Our opinion is that the so-called sub-prime mortgage crisis has been a structural crisis of the US's financial capitalism. In analysing the complex combination of factors that led to those events, we try not to focus on the most contingent aspects but to clarify the underlying structure that made the crisis endogenously emerge from the US's economic system. To reach this goal, we base our analysis on existing economic theories. In particular, the combination of the Financial Instability Hypothesis by Hyman Minsky, the theory of Capital Market Inflation by Jan Toporowski, and the post-Keynesian literature on financialisation represent the foundation of our analysis. The results of our analysis will then be reproduced through a simulated stock-flow consistent model to test their logical coherence.
Modelling the Economic Impacts of Climate Change on Global and European Agriculture. Review of Economic Structural Approaches
Authors: Fernández Francisco J. , Blanco Maria
Published: April 2015

The economic effects of climate change on agriculture have been widely assessed in the last two decades. Many of these assessments are based on the integration of biophysical and agroeconomic models, allowing to understand the physical and socio-economic responses of the agricultural sector to future climate change scenarios. The evolution of the bio-economic approach has gone through different stages. This review analyses its evolution: firstly, framing the bio-economic approach into the context of the assessments of climate change impacts, and secondly, by reviewing empirical studies at the global and European level. Based on this review, common findings emerge in both global and regional assessments. Among them, the authors show that overall results tend to hide significant disparities on smaller spatial scales. Furthermore, due to the effects of crop prices over yield changes, several authors highlight the need to consider endogenous price models to assess production impacts of climate change. Further, major developments are discussed: the progress made since the last two decades and the recent methods used to provide insights into modeling uncertainties. However, there are still challenges to be met. On this matter, the authors take these unresolved challenges as guidelines for future research.
Relative drifts and biases between six ozone limb satellite measurements from the last decade
Authors: Rahpoe N. , Weber M. , Rozanov A. V. , Weigel K. , Bovensmann H. , Burrows J. P. , Laeng A. , Stiller G. , von Clarmann T. , Kyröla E. , Sofieva V. F. , Tamminen J. , Walker K. , Degenstein D. , Bourassa A. E. , Hargreaves R. , Bernath P. , Urban J. , Murtagh D. P.
Published: April 2015

Abstract. As part of ESA's climate change initiative high vertical resolution ozone profiles from three instruments all aboard ESA's Envisat (GOMOS, MIPAS, SCIAMACHY) in combination with ESA's third party missions (OSIRIS, SMR, ACE-FTS) are to be combined in order to create an essential climate variable data record for the last decade. A prerequisite before combining data is the examination of differences and drifts between the datasets. In this paper, we present a detailed analysis of ozone profile differences based on pairwise collocated measuerements, including the evolution of the differences with time. Such a diagnosis is helpful to identify strengths and weaknesses of each data set that may vary in time and introduce uncertainties in long-term trend estimates. Main results of this paper indicate that the 6 instruments perform well in the stratosphere particularly between 20 and 40 km with a mean relative difference of ±5% (middle latitudes) to ±10% (tropics). Larger differences and variability in the differences are found in the upper troposphere lower stratosphere region and in the mesosphere. The analysis reveals that the relative drift between the sensors is not statistically significant for most pairs of instruments.
Impact of seawater [Ca2+] on the calcification and calciteMg / Ca of Amphistegina lessonii
Authors: Mewes A. , Langer G. , Thoms S. , Nehrke G. , Reichart G.-J. , de Nooijer L. J. , Bijma J.
Published: April 2015

Abstract. Mg / Ca ratios in foraminiferal tests are routinely used as paleotemperature proxies, but on long timescales, they also hold the potential to reconstruct past seawater Mg / Ca. The impact of both temperature and seawater Mg / Ca on Mg incorporation in Foraminifera has been quantified by a number of studies. The underlying mechanism responsible for Mg incorporation in foraminiferal calcite and its sensitivity to environmental conditions, however, has not been fully identified. A recently published biomineralization model (Nehrke et al., 2013) proposes a combination of transmembrane transport and seawater leakage or vacuolization to link calcite Mg / Ca to seawater Mg / Ca and explains inter-species variability in Mg / Ca ratios. To test the assumptions of this model, we conducted a culture study in which seawater Mg / Ca was manipulated by varying [Ca2+] and keeping [Mg2+] constant. Foraminiferal growth rates, test thickness and calcite Mg / Ca of newly formed chambers were analyzed. Results showed optimum growth rates and test thickness at Mg / Ca closest to that of ambient seawater. Calcite Mg / Ca is positively correlated to seawater Mg / Ca, indicating that it is not absolute seawater [Ca2+] and [Mg2+] but their ratio that controls Mg / Ca in tests. These results demonstrate that the calcification process cannot be based only on seawater vacuolization, supporting the mixing model proposed by Nehrke et al. (2013). Here, however, we suggest transmembrane transport fractionation that is not as strong as suggested by Nehrke et al. (2013).
The bivalve Glycymeris planicostalis as a high-resolution paleoclimate archive for the Rupelian (Early Oligocene) of central Europe
Authors: Walliser E. O. , Schöne B. R. , Tütken T. , Zirkel J. , Grimm K. I. , Pross J.
Published: April 2015

Abstract. Current global warming is likely to result in a unipolar glaciated world with unpredictable repercussions on atmospheric and oceanic circulation patterns. These changes are expected to affect seasonal extremes and the year-to-year variability of seasonality. To better constrain the mode and tempo of the anticipated changes, climatologists require ultra-high-resolution proxy data of time intervals in the past, e.g., the Oligocene, during which boundary conditions were similar to those predicted for the near future. In the present paper, we assess whether such information can be obtained from shells of the long-lived bivalve mollusk Glycymeris planicostalis from the late Rupelian of the Mainz Basin, Germany. Our results indicate that the studied shells are pristinely preserved and provide an excellent archive for reconstructing changes of sea surface temperature on seasonal to interannual timescales. Shells of G. planicostalis grew uninterruptedly during winter and summer and therefore recorded the full seasonal temperature amplitude that prevailed in the Mainz Basin ~ 30 Ma. Absolute sea surface temperature data were reconstructed from δ18Oshell values assuming a δ18Owater signature that was extrapolated from coeval sirenian tooth enamel. Reconstructed values range between 12.3 and 22.0 °C and agree well with previous estimates based on planktonic foraminifera and shark teeth. However, temperatures during seasonal extremes vary greatly on interannual timescales. Mathematically re-sampled (i.e., corrected for uneven number of samples per annual increment) winter and summer temperatures averaged over 40 annual increments of three specimens equal 13.6 ± 0.8 and 17.3 ± 1.2 °C, respectively. Such high-resolution paleoclimate information can be highly relevant for numerical climate studies aiming to predict possible future climates in a unipolar glaciated or, ultimately, polar-ice-free world.
The Yale Interactive terrestrial Biosphere model: description, evaluation and implementation into NASA GISS ModelE2
Authors: Yue X. , Unger N.
Published: April 2015

Abstract. The land biosphere, atmospheric chemistry and climate are inextricably interconnected. We describe the Yale Interactive terrestrial Biosphere (YIBs) model, a land carbon cycle model that has been developed for coupling to the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) ModelE2 global chemistry–climate model. The YIBs model adapts routines from the mature TRIFFID and CASA models to simulate interactive carbon assimilation, allocation, and autotrophic and heterotrophic respiration. Dynamic daily leaf area index is simulated based on carbon allocation and temperature- and drought-dependent prognostic phenology. YIBs incorporates a semi-mechanistic ozone vegetation damage scheme. Here, we validate the present day YIBs land carbon fluxes for three increasingly complex configurations: (i) off-line local site-level (ii) off-line global forced with WFDEI (WATCH Forcing Data methodology applied to ERA-Interim data) meteorology (iii) on-line coupled to the NASA ModelE2 (NASA ModelE2-YIBs). Off-line YIBs has hourly and on-line YIBs has half-hourly temporal resolution. The large observational database used for validation includes carbon fluxes from 145 flux tower sites and multiple satellite products. At the site level, YIBs simulates reasonable seasonality (correlation coefficient R > 0.8) of gross primary productivity (GPP) at 121 out of 145 sites with biases in magnitude ranging from −19 to 7% depending on plant function type. On the global scale, the off-line model simulates an annual GPP of 125 ± 3 petagrams of carbon (Pg C) and net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of −2.5 ± 0.7 Pg C for 1982–2011, with seasonality and spatial distribution consistent with the satellite observations. We assess present day global ozone vegetation damage using the off-line YIBs configuration. Ozone damage reduces global GPP by 2–5% annually with regional extremes of 4–10% in East Asia. The on-line model simulates annual GPP of 123 ± 1 Pg C and NEE of −2.7 ± 0.7 Pg C. NASA ModelE2-YIBs is a useful new tool to investigate coupled interactions between the land carbon cycle, atmospheric chemistry, and climate change.
Analysis of changes in post-seismic landslide distribution and its effect on building reconstruction
Authors: Yang W. T. , Wang M. , Kerle N. , Van Westen C. J. , Liu L. Y. , Shi P. J.
Published: April 2015

Abstract. Six years after the devastating Ms 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake, new landslides, debris flows, and flash floods still occur frequently in the earthquake-stricken regions. This shows that the geological hazards that occur after a major earthquake in a mountainous environment can be a long-term threat. However, post-earthquake reconstruction and relocation of local residents often neglect this evolving threat, and its interaction with existing and rebuilt houses has not been well studied. Here we show that the evolving mountain environment, including the changed geographic distribution of new landslides and the continuously uplifting riverbed, creates emerging risks for existing and rebuilt houses. We use spatial analysis of landslide debris and the location of houses from high-resolution images and field survey in the study area and find that new landslides and the houses rebuilt after the Wenchuan earthquake have a similar trend of moving to lower elevations, gentler slopes, and closer to rivers. This study confirms that the persistent downward movement of landslide debris has rapidly filled up riverbeds over the past 6 years. The elevated riverbeds make the study area extremely susceptible to flash floods, creating further risks to newly rebuilt houses that are closer to the river. We highlight the often neglected dynamic process that involves changes in the natural environment and man-made constructions and their interaction. This dynamic process requires long-term monitoring and adaptive management of mountainous regions after major earthquakes that can fully consider the sophisticated evolving risks caused by the changing environment, exposure, and vulnerability in the region.
Recent trends in daily rainfall extremes over Montenegro (1951–2010)
Authors: Burić D. , Luković J. , Bajat B. , Kilibarda M. , Ducić V.
Published: April 2015

Abstract. More intense rainfall may cause a range of negative impacts upon society and the environment. In this study we analyzed trends in extreme ETCCDI (Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices) rainfall indices in Montenegro for the period 1951–2010. Montenegro has been poorly studied in terms of rainfall extremes, yet it contains the wettest Mediterranean region known as Krivošije. Several indices of precipitation extremes were assessed including the number of dry days and rainfall totals, and their trends to identify possible changes. The results generally suggest that the number of days with precipitation decreased while rainfall intensity increased particularly in south-western parts of the country. A slight tendency towards intense rainfall events is suggested. Calculated trends for each index are spatially presented and examined using a plotGoogleMaps software package. This study also examined spatial pattern of relationship between extreme rainfall indices and North Atlantic Oscillation. Results suggested negative, mainly statistically significant correlations at annual, winter and autumn scale.
Geo-hydrological hazard and urban development in the Mediterranean area: an example from Genoa City (Italy)
Authors: Faccini F. , Luino F. , Sacchini A. , Turconi L. , De Graff J. V.
Published: April 2015

Abstract. The Ligurian area has always suffered from significant geo-hydrological events causing casualties and serious damage. The atmospheric circulation in autumn and winter coupled with landform peculiarities are the main causes this hazard becoming a risk to human life, structures, and infrastructures. Genoa city and the surrounding metropolitan area are commonly subject to heavy rainfall that induces violent flash floods and many shallow landslides. The most recent rainfall events occurred on 9–10 October and 15 November 2014, again causing loss of human lives and widespread damage. A troubling trend since the beginning of the new century, is the recurrence of such events with greater frequency than in the past. The city of Genoa serves as a very interesting case-study for geo-hydrological risks. Cloudbursts of few hours seem to have a rainfall intensity basically greater than in the past; that causes increase of hydrometric levels of the watercourses that quickly reach alarming values close to the overflowing. This meteorological factor, added to growing urbanization of the valley floors and slopes located north of Genoa, has inevitably produced a general trend of increasing risk for the city. Urbanization is particularly notable for the narrowing process in all cross-sections of Genoa's watercourses, both in the main ones and in the secondary streams that flow directly into the Gulf of Genoa. The narrowing of the sections resulted from the increasing demand for new spaces owing to both industrial development (which started initially at the coastal areas of Genoa), and the growth of the Genoa population. The number of inhabitants grew from fewer than 200 000 at the beginning of the 19th century tool a peak of over 800 000 in the 1970s modifying the water balance of the basins and increasing the geo-hydrological risk in an unacceptable way. Among the important topics analyzed in this paper are: (i) the meteorological characteristics of these events, (ii) the changes in the rate of daily precipitation, and (iii) the most significant periods of the urban land development determining important changes of the territory above all on the hydrographic network.
Integrated water resources management using engineering measures
Authors: Huang Y.
Published: April 2015

Abstract. The management process of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) consists of aspects of policies/strategies, measures (engineering measures and non-engineering measures) and organizational management structures, etc., among which engineering measures such as reservoirs, dikes, canals, etc., play the backbone that enables IWRM through redistribution and reallocation of water in time and space. Engineering measures are usually adopted for different objectives of water utilization and water disaster prevention, such as flood control and drought relief. The paper discusses the planning and implementation of engineering measures in IWRM of the Changjiang River, China. Planning and implementation practices of engineering measures for flood control and water utilization, etc., are presented. Operation practices of the Three Gorges Reservoir, particularly the development and application of regulation rules for flood management, power generation, water supply, ecosystem needs and sediment issues (e.g. erosion and siltation), are also presented. The experience obtained in the implementation of engineering measures in Changjiang River show that engineering measures are vital for IWRM. However, efforts should be made to deal with changes of the river system affected by the operation of engineering measures, in addition to escalatory development of new demands associated with socio-economic development.
Thickness of the lithosphere beneath Turkey and surroundings from S-receiver functions
Authors: Kind R. , Eken T. , Tilmann F. , Sodoudi F. , Taymaz T. , Bulut F. , Yuan X. , Can B. , Schneider F.
Published: April 2015

Abstract. We analyze S-receiver functions to investigate the variations of lithospheric thickness below the entire region of Turkey and surroundings. The teleseismic data used here have been compiled combining all permanent seismic stations which are open to public access. We obtained almost 12 000 S-receiver function traces characterizing the seismic discontinuities between the Moho and the discontinuity at 410 km depth. Common-conversion-points stacks yield well-constrained images of the Moho and of the lithosphere–asthenosphere boundary (LAB). Results from previous studies suggesting shallow LAB depths between 80 and 100 km are confirmed in the entire region outside the subduction zones. We did not observe changes of LAB depths across the North and East Anatolian Faults. To the east of Cyprus, we see indications of the Arabian LAB. The African plate is observed down to about 150 km depth subducting to the north and east between the Aegean and Cyprus with a tear at Cyprus. We also observed the discontinuity at 410 km depth and a negative discontinuity above the 410, which might indicate a zone of partial melt above this discontinuity.
Complaints concerning communication reported by users of healthcare in a specific region in Sweden
Authors: Hadziabdic Emina , Higginbottom Gina
Published: April 2015

Introduction: Effective communication between patients and healthcare staff is important in all healthcare services. Previousstudies investigating criticism and complaints concerning treatment reported by patients and relatives in a healthcare context pointto the most common complaints were unsatisfactory information, unsatisfactory respect and unsatisfactory empathy, but furtherinvestigation is needed. Objective: The aim of this study was to explore complaints reported by patients and relatives in a countycouncil area in the context of communication between patients and healthcare staff, and to investigate the impact complaints canhave on the safety and quality of healthcare.Methods: An exploratory descriptive design was used with a participatory approach. 115 complaints from patients and relatives,collected from various contexts relating to healthcare, were analyzed through qualitative content analysis.Results: Four categories emerged from the analysis of complaints: 1) inadequate communication; 2) inadequate individualisticand holistic healthcare; 3) unprofessional attitude of healthcare staff; and 4) the complaints had both a negative and positiveimpact on the organization of healthcare. The study showed that complaints were related to a lack of adequate verbal and writtencommunication, the patients’ feelings that the healthcare staff did not taking their experiences seriously, and an unprofessional,indifferent and discriminatory attitude among the healthcare staff. The complaints had both a negative and positive impact on theorganization of healthcare.Conclusions: This study highlights how it is possible to learn from complaints about healthcare, and demonstrates that this is aprerequisite for improving healthcare practice. Knowledge about where healthcare practice is failing can be increased, and thiscan be fed into policies for patient safety and quality healthcare.
The Diet and Behaviour Scale (DABS): Testing a New Measure of Food and Drink Consumption in a Cohort of Secondary School Children From the South West of England
Authors: Richards Gareth , Malthouse Alice , Smith Andrew
Published: April 2015

A multitude of instruments exist to assess dietary intake. Many, however, are time-consuming to administer, focus primarily on macronutrient composition or the effects of specific micronutrients, and do not consider the effects of foods and drinks that fail to add significant nutritional contributions (e.g. energy drinks, chewing gum). In order to address these issues the current paper introduces the Diet and Behaviour Scale (DABS). This 29-item questionnaire is used to measure both the frequency and amount of consumption of common foods and drinks, with a particular onus on functional foods and dietary variables of current concern. The DABS was administered to a large cohort of secondary school children from the South West of England at two time-points. At Time 1 (December, 2012) the cohort consisted of 3071 pupils, 2030 of whom responded to the questionnaire; at Time 2 (June, 2013) 3323 pupils made up the cohort, and 2307 completed the questionnaire. Factor analysis yielded a four-factor solution labelled Junk Food, Caffeinated Soft Drinks/Gum, Healthy Foods, and Hot Caffeinated Beverages. When investigating how these factors were related to demographic and lifestyle variables, Chi-square analyses uncovered the following relationships: being male was associated with high Junk Food intake; sleeping for fewer hours than average, achieving low school attendance, and having poor general health were associated with high intake of Caffeinated Soft Drinks/Gum; lower school year, more sleep, more frequent exercise, and good general health were associated with high intake of Healthy Foods; and being male, having a special educational needs status, reporting fewer hours of sleep, and being in an older school year were associated with a high intake of Hot Caffeinated Beverages. Whilst controlling for demographic and lifestyle variables, logistic regression analyses determined that poor general health was predicted by high consumption of Caffeinated Soft Drinks/Gum and low consumption of Healthy Foods. Though additional studies are required to further test the questionnaire and its associated factor structure, the DABS is considered to be a useful self-report measure of certain aspects of dietary intake, and is proposed as a useful tool for future research investigating dietary influences on psychological variables such as mental wellbeing.
Accompagnement psychoéducatif et processus de mobilisation dans les services de garde à la petite enfance : recherche partenariale
Authors: Manningham Suzanne , Rancourt Valérie
Published: April 2015

L’objectif premier de cet article est d’illustrer, dans le domaine de la recherche appliquée et partenariale, une utilisation du modèle psychoéducatif s’inspirant de la théorie historico-culturelle de Vygotski (1929/2004; 1934/1978). De plus, les auteures tentent d’intégrer au processus d’apprentissage présenté les étapes du changement de Pastor et Bréard (2004), lesquelles s’inspirent des écrits de Lewin (1951) visant une coconstruction des changements. L’exemple de mise en application donné permet de mettre en relief les efforts des intervenants dans les centres de petite enfance (CPE), des organisations d’économie sociale des régions de l’Abitibi-Témiscamingue et du Nord-du-Québec afin, dans un premier temps, de s’engager dans un processus d’amélioration continue de la qualité éducative et, par la suite, de maintenir ces efforts pour que les pratiques nouvelles s’intègrent à leur quotidien.
The Development of Early Childhood Education as an Academic Discipline in Finland
Authors: Hujala Eeva
Published: April 2015

Early Childhood Education (ECE) as an academic discipline has gained an academic legitimacy in Finland in 2005. In accordance with internationally established practice, Early Childhood Education as an academic field and a field of research has been set to cover the period from birth to eight years of age. The focus of ECE re- search is to analyse and define the development and upbringing of young children, including such themes as learning and teaching and the complex connection between child development to the growth environment. In recent years in Finland, the internal paradigmatic discussions within academic ECE have been both enlightened and critical. The emergence of an academic Early Childhood Education paradigm has been apparent in the discussions of early pedagogy, professional growth, leadership, management and quality and as a definer of pedagogy to support children’s learning. The challenge of academic Early Childhood Education is to introduce into the discussion ontological and epistemological issues of early childhood and thereby activate teachers and other professional educators and parents to consider personal and professional conceptions of the child, of learning and of the role of adults in the upbringing of young children from birth to eight years of age.
Från görande till lärande och förståelse; En studie av lärares lärande inom estetik
Authors: Asplund Carlsson Maj , Pramling Niklas , Pramling Samuelsson Ingrid
Published: April 2015

The aim of this article is to analyse teachers' changing ways of talking about children's aesthetic learning in the early years as a result of a research and development project. With a point of departure in developmental and variation theory, a praxis oriented project was designed with the aim of finding out whether collaborative talk and meta-cognitive dialogues could contribute to children's learning of music, dance and poetry. The participating teachers were offered in-service training in order to develop a new way of teaching and new ways of thinking about the curriculum and children's learning. Interviews with the teachers were carried out at the beginning and the end of the project. The teachers' learning was expressed in changed ways of talking about aesthetics and learning. From an emphasis on personality development and the teacher's lack of expertise with the aesthetic subjects as an obstacle, the teachers expressed a view of having become more aware of the concept of learning objects in the aesthetics, of their own role as teachers in directing children's attention and to listen to children. The teachers thus gained a new way of talking about themselves as teachers and about children’s learning within music, dance and poetry.
Barnehagen i et utdanningspolitisk kraftfelt
Authors: Tveter Thoresen Ingeborg
Published: April 2015

The author focuses on the educational and political context in early childhood and care institutions (ECEC), a context which is dominated by an international learning discourse. A study of official educational documents shows a shift towards learning in officially defined functions of the kindergarten. The author links her critique and examination of possible consequences of this shift to international research findings. She also draws upon Nordic research that can strengthen Nordic pre-school policy and pedagogy in its encounter with learning discourse and instrumental policy and practice.
Barns frågor under en naturvetenskaplig aktivitet i förskolan
Authors: Thulin Susanne
Published: April 2015

Childrens questions during science education in ECEC: In this study children's questions during theme work about what is soil are analysed. Children's questions are seen as expressions for children's experiencing and sense making. Activities in preschool are observed through video recordings. Twelve children, three to five years, and three teachers are included in the study. The results are presented on the basis of the focus of the children's questions and discussed in relation to children's perspectives, learning and the development of the theme work over time. The results point at children’s questions as important didactic starting points when interacting about a specific content.
Et skjerpet blikk med kvalitetssikrede verktøy
Authors: Rugtvedt Lisbet
Published: April 2015

Innledning på konferansen Kartlegging i barnehagen: Innhold og konsekvenser. Utdanningsforbundet, Oslo, 20 juni 2010.
Analytiske perspektiver på sproglig evaluering i daginstitutioner
Authors: Holm Lars
Published: April 2015

Foredrag fra konferansen Kartlegging i barnehagen: Innhold og konsekvenser. Utdanningsforbundet, Oslo, 20 juni 2010.
Kartlegging av barns språk: Godt for hvem – godt for hva?
Authors: Gjems Liv
Published: April 2015

Title: Screening of children’s language: Who is it good for? What is it good for? Abstract: In this article I discuss the importance of teacher’s knowledge regarding children’s language learning as a qualification for screening of language in preschools. Teachers have to be able to use the screening results in ways that support children’s further language learning and development. Screening, whether standardized or not, will not give teachers any information about how they can assist the children who are struggling with language learning. Tests and screening may reveal when and at which age a child masters something or not. They do not display how a child learns language and can be assisted in her or his learning process. A study of 46 early childhood teacherstudents in language interactions with children showed that many of them offered children little language support. They rarely invited children to talk and their vocabulary did not contatin many known or unknown words. Screening of children’s language skills gives little effect if the teachers lack knowledge of the importance of a rich language environment and how to support children’s language learning.
Mer papirarbeid i barnehagen? Om arbeidstidsordninger i barnehagen
Authors: Kolstad Lasse
Published: April 2015

Foredrag fra konferansen Kartlegging i barnehagen: Innhold og konsekvenser. Utdanningsforbundet, Oslo, 20 juni 2010.
Forebyggende muligheter ved dynamisk språkkartlegging med TRAS-observasjoner i barnehagen
Authors: Johansen Lyngseth Else
Published: April 2015

Foredrag fra konferansen Kartlegging i barnehagen: Innhold og konsekvenser. Utdanningsforbundet, Oslo, 20 juni 2010.
En förändrad yrkesidentitet: Förskollärares berättelser fyra och tolv år efter examen
Authors: Hensvold Inger Eline
Published: April 2015

Title: A changed professional identity: Preschools teachers’ narratives twelve years after examination.Abstract: How do preschool-teachers describe their professional work with children four and twelve years after their graduation? The purpose was also to identify important factors concerning their professional development and identity. The empirical data are the narratives of three Swedish preschool-teachers, four and twelve years after their teacher graduation. The narrative is considered, according to Giddens (2008) as an expression of the professional identity, which is regarded as a relational concept and deals with the ability to be occupied with a specific narrative. Three recurrent themes were identified in the narratives, which show a changed professional identity. The first is a changed professional identity concerning a process from adaption to challenge in relation to the preschools self-narratives. The second is about a changed professional identity in relation to care and education. The third theme describes a change from focusing the teacher’s listening to the child into supporting and challenging the child’s learning process.
Orden og arbejdsdelinger i daginstitutionen
Authors: Olsen Bent
Published: April 2015

Title: Keeping order: On the division of labour in kindergartens.Abstract: The article presents a research project that deals with aspects of division of labour among assistants and the professionalized group of social care workers in Danish kindergartens. Theories of P. Bourdieu, M. Douglas and E. Goffman have supported a main hypothesis questioning some possible division of labour and relations of domination in the interchange between the two staff member groups. The empirical part of the research work are primarily gathered around observational studies of four educational assistants in three day care centres situated in three different social locations. The conclusions point out, that the daily social exchanges do not exhibit any evident division of labour among the assistants and the professionalized group of social care workers. The assistant can’t on this basis be regarded as the social care workers’ assistant. On the contrary, two of the assistants are positioned in some central organising and managing positions within their specific unit.
Images of Writing and the Writing Child
Authors: Hermansson Carina
Published: April 2015

This article uses a discursive lens to illuminate how writing and the writing child is constructed in different texts since the nineteenth century. The concept ‘image’ is used as an analytical tool to gain perspective on dominant ideas about children as writers and their educational writing practices. These images are produced in educational practices, theories of writing, societal conceptions and didactic models, which together are referred to as a formation. The article ends by reflecting upon what consequences may be seen if taking a critical child perspective. The article provides an analysis against which writing teachers, teacher educators and researchers can gain a perspective on dominant ideas about young writers and their educational writing practices.Abstract: This article uses a discursive lens to illuminate how writing and the writing child is constructed in different texts since the nineteenth century. The concept 'image' is used as an analytical tool to gain perspective on dominant ideas about children as writers and their educational writing practices. These images are produced in educational practices, theories of writing, societal conceptions and didactic models, which together are referred to as a formation. The article ends by reflecting upon what consequences may be seen if taking a critical child perspective. The article provides an analysis against which writing teachers, teacher educators and researchers can gain a perspective on dominant ideas about young writers and their educational writing practices.
Demokrati som möjlighet i små barns liv och verksamhet
Authors: Qvarsell Birgitta
Published: April 2015

Title: Democracy as a possibility in young children’s life and activitiesAbstract: In this article influence and partaking in decisions as fundamental preconditions for young children’s democratic possibilities and development are questioned. In a cultural democratic view, which is here proposed, other conditions may be more important, such as having to do with creative activities and ways to express oneself in various modes. Examples are given from daily life in and around preschool, to illustrate the reasoning of how democracy may grow and be expressed by young children, in terms of affordances, meaning making and room for action. Problems as well as possibilities are in the end a question of whose control and power will be most decisive in preschool daily life. However, it is also a question of respect. How active and autonomous may children be allowed to become?
Using the Infant/Toddler Environment Rating Scale for examining the quality of care for infants and toddlers in Norwegian day care centers
Authors: Baustad Anne-Grethe
Published: April 2015

Abstract: The purpose of the presented study is to explore whether ITERS-R is an appropriate tool to use for examining the quality of care for infants and toddlers in Norwegian day care centers. The study is based on a pedagogical perspective of quality, a perspective which takes into account that it is possible both to define and assess the quality in day care centers. This study indicates that ITERS-R can be an appropriate tool to use in examining pedagogical quality in Norwegian day care centers, and especially the concept of process quality. The fit between the values and goals given in the Norwegian Framework Plan and the areas and quality indicators in the ITERS-R is also good; even if there are differences which need to be dealt with. The results are interpreted and discussed within the Norwegian day care center context and the values and goals of Norwegian day care centers. The following four interacting and interdependent dimensions of pedagogical quality made the basis for the discussion: those of the society, the child, the staff (teacher/ teachers) and the learning context (Sheridan, 2007, 2009).
Spor etter kjønnsdiskurser i barnehagepersonalets praksisfortellinger
Authors: Moe Randi , Nordvik Grete
Published: April 2015

Abstract: Gender discourses provide conditions for children's constructing of gender. The empirical basis of this article is stories from practice written by staff in two kindergartens in Norway. Our purpose is to trace how gender discourses manifests in the stories. In the analysis of the texts we have been inspired by Foucault's theory of discourse, power and control. The main findings of the analysis show that we can trace discourses that emphasize gender as a difference, and gender as complex. We discuss how various gender discourses work together with educational discourses and provide different opportunities for children's constructing of gender
Små barns livsverdener: Klassespesifikke erfaringsrom?
Authors: Stefansen Kari
Published: April 2015

Title: Young children’s life worlds: Class specific spaces of experienceAbstract: The significance of class for children’s everyday life has received limited attention in Norway. In recent years a number of studies from the UK and the US have explored this topic. This paper presents analysis from a research project inspired by this growing body of research. It explores classed patterns in parents’ interactions with the institution of formal day-care. The paper also discusses how parenting practices of different sorts contribute to the reproduction of classed ways of being in the world. Special attention is given to the life worlds of middle-class and working-class children, and what is perceived as parallels between these life worlds and parents' class experiences.
Hvordan forstå barn? En vandring fra barns levende ord via stivnet tekst til meningsfull viten
Authors: Mørland Bodil Mørland
Published: April 2015

This article discusses how children's own statements about being a child can contribute to new knowledge about children. Interpretation of the statements relates to the context and the sensuous close the meeting. With hermeneutic gaze of science I seek ways to interpret the child's living word. The background is a qualitative study of interviews with kindergarten children about their thoughts and experiences of being a child. In the research process converts these living words into stiffened text and undergoes a process of interpretation. As a companion to such a process meaningful knowledge can be created.
Tid till att bli svensk: En studie av mottagandet av nyanlända barn och familjer i den svenska förskolan
Authors: Lunneblad Johannes
Published: April 2015

This paper is from a study about the integration of young refugee children and their families in Sweden. The preschool has here a special responsibility in this mission for children in the age 1-5. The setting for the study is a multiethnic area located on the outskirts of the city. Methodologically an extended case is used. The study has so far been conducted during a period of 14 months doing fieldwork 1-2 days a week. The analyse focus on how the educators educate practice and talk about how the immigrant parents raise and foster their children. This is described as part of a wider ambition to integrate immigrants in Swedish society.
Et løfte om inkludering: Barnehagens rammer for samhandling mellom hørselshemmede og hørende barn i barnehagen
Authors: Kristoffersen Ann Elise , Simonsen Eva
Published: April 2015

In Norway today, most deaf children are in their local nursery school together with hearing children. To facilitate inclusive settings where deaf and hearing children can interact on equal terms require knowledge about deafness and the needs of these children. This study shows that nursery schools have challenges in developing such inclusive settings especially concerning knowledge and competence. We discuss how the framework for the nursery school curricula, programs and expertise may impact deaf children’s opportunities for collaboration in significant literacy events.
Vennskap mellom de yngste barna i barnehagen
Authors: Greve Anne
Published: April 2015

Vennskap er både et fenomen og en begrepsmessig konstruksjon, som man kan hevde er problematisk for en utenforstående å observere. Med utgangspunkt i et livsverdensfenomenologisk perspektiv har jeg studert hvordan vennskap mellom små barn kan komme til uttrykk. Artikkelen tar utgangspunkt i min doktorgradsavhandling (Greve, 2007) der jeg har studert vennskap mellom toåringer. Sentrale stikkord her er: Et felles vi, møtet og kommunikasjonen i møtet, å skape mening sammen, og til sist humor. Dernest ønsker jeg å se i hvilken grad de samme uttrykksmåtene kan observeres mellom ettåringer. Dette er en del av min pående Post-doc studie, og må derfor anses å være foreløpige funn. Vennskap er både et fenomen og en begrepsmessig konstruksjon, som man kan hevde er problematisk for en utenforstående å observere. Med utgangspunkt i et livsverdensfenomenologisk perspektiv har jeg studert hvordan vennskap mellom små barn kan komme til uttrykk. Artikkelen tar utgangspunkt i min doktorgradsavhandling (Greve, 2007) der jeg har studert vennskap mellom toåringer. Sentrale stikkord her er: Et felles vi, møtet og kommunikasjonen i møtet, å skape mening sammen, og til sist humor. Dernest ønsker jeg å se i hvilken grad de samme uttrykksmåtene kan observeres mellom ettåringer. Dette er en del av min pående Post-doc studie, og må derfor anses å være foreløpige funn.
Didaktisk diskussion om barnträdgårdslärares möjligheter att arbeta med matematik i finländsk småbarnsfostran
Authors: Björklund Camilla
Published: April 2015

Title: Didactical discussion on pre-school teachers’ prerequisites for working with mathematics in Finnish early childhood educationAbstract: Finnish teachers encounter an increased focus on learning aspects and a revised legislation strengthens teachers’ professional role for early learning, which also has impact on pre-school teachers’ work in early childhood education (children 0–5 years). The paradigm in early childhood education in recent years emphasizes development, learning and teaching. Mathematics is one content area that has been given a lot of attention in Nordic discussions on education for early years. However, the Finnish national curricula and guidelines for early childhood education give limited support for developing stimulating and goal-oriented educational practice in so called academic fields of knowledge, for example mathematics. This article aims at pointing at some of the prerequisites for working with mathematics in Finnish early childhood education in relation to new research on mathematical development and didactics suitable for early childhood education. Three authentic examples of traditional pre-school activities with toddlers are taken as a starting point for the didactical discussion.
Børns perspektiver på trivsel. Aktivitet og underaktivtet i børnehaven
Authors: Koch Anette Boye
Published: April 2015

Mange studier har vist, at børns trivsel skabes i relationer internt i børnegruppen, men få har udforsket de voksnes rolle. Jeg vil i denne artikel vise, hvordan børns perspektiver på glæde i børnehaven fører til en beskrivelse af trivsel som noget, der sker mellem børn, men som ligeledes indbefatter en balanceakt. Børn balancerer mellem at være en del af et børnefællesskab, udfordre de voksnes regler og samtidig bibeholde en god relation til både børn og voksne. Trivsel kan ikke eksistere uafhængig af voksne, men den kan opstå i børnenes ’aktiviteter under aktiviteten’, hvor god balancekompetence er lig med god trivsel.