bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Posterior surgical approach for excision of retrorectal epidermal inclusion cyst, a road less travelled by surgeon: case report
Authors: Kumar Vivek , Siddiqui Azaz Akhtar , Gupta Amrit Kumar , Kumar Arun , Goel Mahak
Published: June 2023

Retrorectal epidermal inclusion cysts are rare congenital cystic lesions, mostly an incidental finding usually diagnosed in middle-aged women. Surgical resection is the main stay of treatment and 3 operative approaches are commonly used: abdominal, trans-sacral/coccygeal (posterior), and combined abdomino-posterior depending on the nature and location of the lesion. We report a case of a 22-year-old male presented with complaints of on-off constipation since 4 years, perineal heaviness since 2 years. Based on digital rectal exam, trans-rectal ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging findings, a presumptive diagnosis of retrorectal cyst was made. Patient underwent excision of cystic lesion by posterior trans-coccygeal approach. Post operative histopathology confirmed diagnosis of the retrorectal epidermal inclusion cyst. On follow-up after one month, symptoms of constipation and perineal heaviness completely resolved. Posterior resection allows proximal extension for elimination of the infection and in cases of adherence of the cyst to surrounding structures or in malignancy, which require en bloc resection. Posterior approach for resection is preferred for patients with posterior retrorectal cyst or presacral cyst because it provides adequate exposure with minimum dissection.
Study of ossicular chain status in chronic otitis media patients at a tertiary care hospital in southern Bihar
Authors: Sinha Ankita , Singh Garima , Pandey Ranbir K. , Pandey Ranbir K. , Gupta Deepak K. , Diwakar Chandrakant
Published: June 2023

Background: The objective is to assess the ossicular status and statistically evaluate the extent of ossicular destruction intraoperatively in chronic otitis media (COM) patients. Knowledge of pattern of involvement of ossicular chain in COM cases may help us to determine the type of reconstruction needed during surgery. The findings of this study could be exploited to predict preoperatively the probability of having ossicular chain destruction in COM ears and thus patients could therefore be properly consented about these potential issues before surgery.
Methods: Prospective observational study conducted over 2 years in diagnosed patients posted for surgical management and fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Intraoperative status of ossicles was noted for various types of COM and outcome was evaluated.  
Results: Out of 92 patients, 59 (64.1%) had mucosal and 33 (35.9%) had squamosal disease. Ossicular chain was eroded in 41 cases (44.6%). 9 out of 59 (15.3%) mucosal cases and 32 out of 33 squamosal cases (97%) reported ossicular erosion. Most frequently involved was long process of incus (44.6%) >stapes (9.8%) >malleus (8.7%). Order of involvement (Austin-Kartush classification) was found as: type A (26.1%)>B (9.8%)>C (8.7%). 67.4% belonged in the group 15-30 years. Male: female ratio=1:1.5.
Conclusions: Degree of ossicular destruction is much greater in squamosal COM, owing to overproduction of cytokines and inflammatory mediators and due to presence of cholesteatoma and/or granulations. The long process of incus was found to be most vulnerable. Malleus was found to be the most resilient among all ossicles.
Conquering pyoderma gangrenosum: exploring non-steroidal treatment options
Authors: Chaurasia Sharad K. , Bhattacharya Ipshita , Dhaka Kanchan , Gupta Piyush , Dsouza Paschal
Published: June 2023

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare neutrophilic dermatosis frequently related to chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and often associated with exacerbation of intestinal disease and/or loss of treatment efficacy. The mainstay of treatment is long-term immunosuppression, often with high doses of corticosteroids or low doses of ciclosporin. PG has been reported to respond to TNF alpha inhibitors. We report a patient of recalcitrant PG who responded very well to treatment with golimumab. A 61-year-old known case of PG since 4 years, who also had history of hypertension, pulmonary TB (treated), had been treated with dapsone, thalidomide, colchicine and corticosteroids in the past with partial response and frequent relapses. In February 2021, the patient while being on low-dose oral corticosteroids and colchicine, presented with large painful ulcer over back of his right thigh, which rapidly worsened. In agreement with the pulmonologist, the patient was started on Injection golimumab in addition to intravenous dexamethasone with slow tapering of steroid dosage following the improvement of the cutaneous lesion. Patient reported a near-total resolution of lesion after two doses. He is maintaining well with golimumab. PG can be poorly responsive despite adequate treatment with conventional modalities. High dose steroid therapy with all expected iatrogenic complications and treatment with cyclosporine in such an elderly patient with hypertension and history of tuberculosis seemed to be inappropriate. For all these reasons, a treatment with the TNF alpha inhibitor golimumab, appeared to be the most reasonable therapeutic choice for a patient.
Mouth-rinses for children – A narrative review
Authors: Hiremath Mallayya C , Kumar Aarcha S , Srinath S K , Nayak Raja Jayadev
Published: June 2023

Mouth rinses are topical agents that can be used after adequate mechanical plaque control measures to help one keep the oral cavity clean. Children have less manual dexterity and motivation for adequate brushing or flossing. Hence, mouth rinses can act as an adjunct to mechanical plaque removal methods and help in preventing dental caries, halitosis, mucositis, and gingival/periodontal diseases in children.

Mouth rinses can provide effective biofilm control that can do wonders for oral health. From antibiotics to probiotics, various compositions of mouthwashes have been introduced from time immemorial to the 21 century. This review is an overview of the literature search on mouth rinses from 1942 to 2022. The purpose of this review was to compile the history and various types of mouth rinses that can be used in children, many of these are commercially available and some are under clinical trial.
Evaluation of pain, alignment efficiency, and post alignment anterior torque between I –Archwires and superelastic NiTi wires: A comparative study
Authors: Teja Prerna Hoogan , Rajan Karthik , Mittal Shruti , Nayar Ruchi , Sharma Rohini , Sharma Aditi
Published: June 2023

: to compare the aligning efficiency, pain experienced by the patient during alignment and the post alignment third order values of anterior teeth in I arch (study) group and conventional NiTi (control) wire group.

: A prospective clinical study.

: A total of 40 dental arches (maxilla/mandible) were divided into 2 study groups with 20 dental arches (maxilla/mandible) in each group based on the selection criteria. Group I. Twenty dental arches (maxillary/mandibular) having 0.018” preadjusted appliance (MBT) brackets (ORMCO), aligned with I –arch 0.016”x0.014” copper NiTi wires. Group II. Twenty dental arches (maxillary/mandibular) having 0.018” preadjusted appliance (MBT) brackets by ORMCO aligned with round super elastic NiTi archwires.

: I -arch copper NiTi (study group) was more efficient in alignment compared to the superelastic NiTi (control group) in the lower arch and the values are statistically significant. There was torque expression in the I-arch group as compared to the superelastic NiTi group. The subjects in the I-arch (study group) experienced lesser pain compared to the superelastic NiTi (control group) and the pain values are statistically significant.
Utilitarian fixed space maintainer in an 8-year old with multilateral dentoalveolar abscess- A case report
Authors: Varghese Nezy Susan , Kundra Ruchika , Thomas Abi M
Published: June 2023

Early exfoliation of primary molars is common among pediatric patients. Construction of a space maintainer should be in accordance with the age of the child and developmental status of the dentition. Pediatric dentists should not only address the space loss but also consider the functional, emotional and hygienic challenges the child might face. The subject was 8 years old and presented with multilateral dentoalveolar abscess and difficulty in chewing. Pain of the involved teeth was addressed through multidisciplinary approach followed by construction of utilitarian fixed space maintainer. The conclusion was that the construction of bilateral utilitarian fixed space maintainer not only addressed the preservation of leeway space but also restored the functional efficacy.
Surgical approach of impacted maxillary second premolar – A case to report
Authors: Wadewale Sanjana Narendra , Bhola Nitin
Published: June 2023

Impacted molars are frequently seen in clinical circumstances. When compared to other teeth, wisdom teeth and the cuspid are discovered to be significantly more impacted. Aside, impacted teeth have a likelihood of more extreme and significant issues, which include fostering the growth of cysts and other consequences because of their close association to the nasal and oral cavity, in addition to their debilitating nature and a likely functioning disruption they can cause. For the patient, managing it is crucial from a cosmetic and practical standpoint. Impaction on premolars is thought to occur at a rate of about 0.5%. We focus on the case of a 19- year-old girl who had an uncommonly affected maxillary second premolar tooth that was treated with surgical exposure and orthodontic traction.
TEACHING ENGLISH DURING WAR TIME
Authors: Rybinska Yuliia , Sarnovska Nataliia , Kholmakova Yuliia , Nikolaieva Tetiana , Burkalo Nataliia , Kuznetsova Anastasiia
Published: June 2023

The study explores the challenges, features, and opportunities of teaching English during wartime. The authors draw from their own experiences as Ukrainian teachers of English, who survived the military events of 2022 and whose life and perspectives changed dramatically after the attack on Kyiv, the Ukrainian capital.With the outbreak of war, many schoolchildren and students lost the opportunity to attend classes. Some had to move to safer areas or go abroad., Distance learning has become the main option for access to knowledge, and universities are trying to adapt their best practices to the new conditions during the pandemic. Teachers must now not only find teaching methods but also know psychological techniques that can help students get rid of stress and psychological consequences.As today’s practice has shown, teachers must have the knowledge and skills to provide crisis psychological help to respond and refer for professional psychological help promptly.In addition, teaching a foreign language has certain specific features during the war, which are considered in our work. And the process of learning a foreign language itself has a positive effect on the psychological state of students.We want our students to understand that finding oneself in the stressful and dangerous conditions that war creates can be very difficult. However, if you feel empowered to learn new things, take advantage of at least a few of the thousand opportunities.
THE PREFERENCE OF WRITING APPROACH AMONG ESL TEACHER TRAINEES IN PRIMARY EDUCATION
Authors: Thulasi Palpanadan Sarala , Ravana Venosha , Isac Khairunesa , Selvan Subramaniamd Tamil , Harun Hairuddin , Yassin Ibrahim Mohd
Published: June 2023

Deterioration in the command of English language among Malaysian students has been discussed far and wide. English as a Second Language (ESL) teachers strive to adopt and adapt various strategies to customize lessons, particularly the writing lessons to enable students to write in English. Thus, this study was conducted to investigate the writing instructions practised by the teacher trainees in selected ESL primary classrooms in Malaysia. The study scrutinized the details of the two writing approaches used with regard to the product approach and process approach. Ten teacher trainees were selected using the purposive sampling method. A mixed-method design was employed. The participants were observed using an observation checklist and interviewed. The data were analyzed using Rasch Measurement Model and thematic analysis. It was found that the Product Approach was preferred to the Process Approach due to its practicality in the application. The strategies of the Process Approach were found to be useful but the participants were unable to apply them rampantly due to time, institutional and pedagogical factors. Thus, this study recommends that educational intuitions and policymakers focus on more sophisticated writing strategies and approaches to enhance the writing abilities among students to cultivate independent writing skills and habits.
Development of a Minimum Data Set for Dental Implants Registry
Authors: Naemi Roya , Shahmoradi Leila , Rokn Amirreza , Sohrabi Niusha , Barikani Hamid Reza
Published: June 2023

Objectives: Registries are powerful tools for the collection and distribution of valid and reliable data. The initial step in health information management is to design a minimum data set that can improve the collection of high-quality data from the registry. The present pilot study aimed to determine the optimal minimum data set for dental implants to effectively utilize at Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019 at Tehran University of Medical Sciences. A minimum data set checklist was developed based on our previous systematic review. The content validity of the minimum data set was approved by the recruited experts and the final minimum data set was established using the Delphi technique.
Results: The minimum data set for dental implants consists of two separate sections - administrative and clinical data. The administrative portion includes two main segments: patient demographic data and clinic data, consisting of 12 data elements. The clinical part includes five main segments (patient clinical data, implant data, implant complications, implant loss, and implant follow-up), and contains 96 data elements.
Conclusion: This study suggests a minimum set of data for dental implants that can aid in efficient management of information, facilitate evidence-based decision-making, and enable high-quality clinical research, evaluation of treatment results, monitoring, and benchmarking of care.
The Relationship between House Type and Truck Traffic with Allergic Rhinitis in Adolescents
Authors: Nafei Zahra , Salmani Naiire , Behniafard Nasrin
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Although many studies have been conducted on allergic diseases, their risk factors including allergic rhinitis have not yet been fully understood. The present study aims to investigate the relationship between house type, floor, and frequency of truck traffic on the street of residences with allergic rhinitis in adolescents in Yazd.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 5141 adolescents aged 13-14 years, from February 2020 to June 2020, using the large-scale Global Asthma Network (GAN) survey data in Yazd. The data were collected electronically using the GAN standard questionnaire, and analyzed in SPSS software version 23 using descriptive and analytical statistics (Chi-square and logistic regression). The value of P < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: In this study, 11.2% of boys and 13.3% of girls had allergic rhinitis, indicating a significant difference by gender (P = 0.025). The prevalence of allergic rhinitis did not differ significantly according to the type of house (apartment or detached house with a yard) and the floor (P > 0.05). However, the prevalence of allergic rhinitis showed a significant correlation with the frequency of truck traffic on the street of residence (P = 0.001). If the truck passed through the street near the house almost all day, the chance of developing allergic rhinitis would be 2.4 times higher.
Conclusion: The risk of allergic rhinitis increases with the frequent truck traffic from the street near the house, but the type of house and floor do not have a significant effect.
Assessment of Heavy Metal Concentrations in Water Purifier Devices in Rafsanjan City
Authors: Eslami Hadi , Hasanshahi Najme , Ebrahimi Zahra , Ranjbar Askari Foad , Khodadadi Hassan , Nassab Hosseini Abdolreza
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Heavy metals (HMs) are one of the most important and dangerous pollutants in water resources. This study aimed to determine the HMs concentrations in city water purifier devices or stations in Rafsanjan, Iran in 2022.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted descriptively and on a laboratory scale on the input and output of 16 city water purifier devices stations in Rafsanjan in the summer of 2022. Heavy metals and other metals including arsenic (As), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), sodium (Na), and potassium (K) were tested by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrophotometry (ICP-MS). Also, t-test statistical analysis was used by SPSS software.
Results: The mean concentrations of HMs in the output of city water purifier devices for As, Pb, Cr, Cu, and Zn were ≤ 1, 2.84 ± 0.71, 8.48 ± 1.51, 2.51 ± 1.55, and 18.58 ± 9.24 µg/L, respectively. The difference between the output of water purifier devices and standard values ​​for As, Cr, and Cu was significant (p ≤ 0.001). Other metals concentrations in the output of water purifier devices for Fe, Mg, Ca, Na, and K were 0.03 ± 0.008, 6.72 ± 0.92, 8.38 ± 1.71, 64.11 ± 2.56, and 2.34 ± 0.08 µg/L, respectively. The HMs removal efficiency of city water purifier devices for As, Cu, and Pb were ≥ 99%, 83.33%, and 56.33%, respectively.
Conclusion: The HMs removal efficiency of city water purifier devices stations in Rafsanjan City was appropriate due to the use of filters containing alumina and iron hydroxide media.
What matters most? The Role of Local Leadership in Tourism Village Development in Bali
Authors: Arida I Nyoman Sukma , Pitanatri Putu Diah Sastri
Published: June 2023

Purpose of the study: The purpose of this study is to examine the extent to which local leadership plays a crucial role in the development of tourism villages in Bali, Indonesia. Specifically, the study focuses on eleven villages located in the Gianyar regency, where the management of tourist villages will be scrutinized in order to identify the key factors that contribute to successful tourism development.

Methodology: The present research employed a descriptive research method to gather data for analysis. In addition to this, various data collection techniques such as interviews, questionnaires, observations, and Focus Group Discussions (FGD) were employed to ensure the reliability and validity of the findings.

Main Findings: The study found that various factors including budget, quality of human resources, uniqueness and innovation, village leadership, promotion, networking, and momentum have significant contributions towards the success of the tourism development program in Bali. Moreover, the study highlights the significance of local leadership in ensuring the success of tourism communities, emphasizing the role of village leaders in promoting the development of sustainable tourism initiatives.

Applications of the study: The study has significant implications for policymakers and practitioners working towards sustainable tourism development in rural traditional villages.

Novelty/Originality of the study: This study is filling the knowledge gap on the crucial role of local leadership in promoting successful tourism initiatives.
The Changing Face of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Meiliana Anna , Wijaya Andi
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND: Statins have been used for around three decades as the primary way to lower cholesterol and reduce the risk of atherosclerosis, but in some groups, statin resistance is common, and the danger of atherosclerosis is still high.CONTENT: Atherosclerosis was once believed to be caused by cholesterol and thrombotic material passively accumulating in the walls of arteries. However, current knowledge shows that the immune cells and inflammatory processes are essential in the formation, progression, and consequences of atherosclerotic lesions, characterized by a persistent inflammatory response, including thrombotic complications. Study of genetic, creating risk score for atherosclerosis, add more information to create more new therapies targeting low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) receptor, and shows prospect.SUMMARY: Over time, atherosclerosis theories and treatment strategies have changed. While statins were widely used, they have now been supplanted by alternative options like the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PSCK9) inhibitor that manage atherosclerosis more effectively and comprehensive.KEYWORDS: atherosclerosis, cholesterol, inflammation, immune system, metabolism
Alpha Lipoic Acid (ALA) Alleviates Hepatocytes Toxicity of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles in Rats
Authors: Al-Maathadi Aiman , Karawya Fardous , Al-Dalaen Said , Aljabali Ahmed , Satari Anas
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND: Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) uptake may primarily cause adverse effects by inducing oxidative stress, resulting in cell damage, genotoxicity, inflammation, and immune response. To date, there are limited studies investigating the adverse effect of TiO2 NPs on liver health and no studies found a naturally occurring compound able to ameliorate such effect. Thus, this study investigated alpha lipoic acid (ALA) potential for reversing the biochemical and histopathological changes that TiO2 NPs exposure causes in rat liver.METHODS: Thirty adult male albino rats were divided into: control rats received distilled water, control rats treated with 50 mg/kg ALA, rats intoxicated with TiO2 NPs, and TiO2 NPs-intoxicated rats treated 50 mg/kg ALA. Rats were sacrificed before blood samples were collected to assess the liver function using parameters of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin, albumin and total protein. Liver tissue homogenates were prepared to assess hepatic antioxidant and oxidative stress using parameters of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Liver tissue sections were used for histopathological analysis and caspase-3 immunohistochemical analysis.RESULTS: TiO2 NPs produced deleterious effects on rat liver tissue, as confirmed through biochemical results, caspase-3 immunohistochemistry, and histological alterations. TiO2 NPs intoxication induced hepatocyte vacuolation, blood vessels congestion, biliary proliferation, apoptosis, and fibrosis. However, ALA treatment of TiO2 NPs-intoxicated rats significantly alleviated deleterious impact on the liver.CONCLUSION: Administration of 600 mg/kg TiO2 NPs to rats resulted in hepatic degenerative lesions, depletion of GSH, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. However, these changes were mitigated by ALA administration. Therefore, ALA offers protection against deleterious effects of TiO2 NPs intoxication.KEYWORDS: titanium dioxide nanoparticles, TiO2 NPs, hepatotoxicity, alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), rat
¿Volcanes en la Patagonia andina? Turismo y percepción del riesgo en la Norpatagonia argentina. El caso de San Carlos de Bariloche
Authors: Ezequiel Barrios Gonzalo , Pierucci Liliana Viviana
Published: June 2023

La ciudad de San Carlos de Bariloche, el lago Nahuel Huapi y sus alrededores fueron tempranamente valorados por sus paisajes y atractivos naturales. Esta localidad, por su ubicación geográfica, está comprometida en distinta medida por terremotos y erupciones volcánicas. Por medio del análisis documental de las principales instituciones involucradas (el gobierno local, la Administración de Parques Nacionales y el Servicio Geológico Minero Argentino), se problematiza la virtual invisibilización de las características geomorfológicas constitutivas del paisaje en la región. El presente trabajo aborda cómo el riesgo geológico, volcánico y sísmico fue estereotipado y re-presentado por dichas instituciones, y cómo este ha impactado de manera negativa en el devenir de los sucesos volcánicos de los últimos 60 años, para lo cual se hace hincapié en la erupción del Puyehue Cordón- Caulle en junio de 2011. A partir de las fuentes consultadas, se concluye que el turismo, como principal motor de desarrollo local, contribuyó a dicha invisibilización.
Formación en turismo sostenible: revisión de literatura de cara a la creación de un programa de maestría en el departamento del Magdalena (Colombia)
Authors: Vargas Leira Freddy de Jesús , Prada Julieth Lizcano
Published: June 2023

El departamento del Magdalena (Colombia) es considerado un territorio con vocación turística y potencial para convertirse en un destino consolidado. Sin embargo, el desarrollo y la competitividad del sector se han visto limitados, entre otros aspectos, por la carencia de formación de alto nivel en materia de turismo sostenible. Por medio de una revisión de la literatura y de planes de estudio de programas similares, este artículo presenta la pertinencia de ofertar una maestría en Gestión del Turismo Sostenible en el departamento. El alcance de este trabajo es descriptivo, su tipología es teórica y su diseño se considera un estudio de caso de corte cualitativo. Los resultados de esta investigación servirán como fundamento para la creación de los perfiles, las competencias y el plan de estudios del programa de maestría en Gestión del Turismo Sostenible propuesto.
Meme Kitlelerinde Eksizyonel ve İnsizyonel Biyopsi İşlemlerinin Seçim Kriterleri ve Sonuçları
Authors: HALAÇLAR Bülent , AYDIN Feray , ALBUZ Özgür
Published: June 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, biopsi endikasyonu görülen olgularda biopsi yöntemlerini ve biopsi sonrası cerrahi tedavi seçimleriyle patoloji sonuçlarını ortaya koyarak biopsi seçim kriterlerini netleştirmektir.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışma haziran 2020 ve haziran 2022 tarihleri arasında Genel Cerrahi Kliniğine başvuran ve biopsi endikasyonu konulan olgularda gerçekleştirildi. Esas olarak; Eksizyonel biopsi, tru-cut veya insizyonel biyopsi sonrası benign veya malign kitle tanıları konulan 18-70 yaş arası 62 hasta kayıtları retrospektif olerek incelemeye alınmış olup, verileri eksik ya da belirsiz olan olgular çalışmaya dahil edilmemiştir. Bu tanımlayıcı istatistikler ortalama±standart sapma, yüzde ve frekans olarak verilmiştir. İkili grupların karşılaştırılmasında sürekli değişkenler için bağımsız gruplarta student t test, ikili değişkenlerin karşılaştırılmasında χ2 testi kullanılmış ve %95 güven aralığındaki p
Negociaciones comerciales internacionales : texto y casos
Authors: Sierralta Ríos Aníbal
Published: June 2023

Análisis de temas relacionados a las negociaciones comerciales internacionales. Entre ellos se encuentran: estrategias, tácticas, técnicas, procesos, el arte de negociar, negociación en los foros internacionales y el lobby.
Refugiados ambientales : cambio climático y migración forzada
Authors: Altamirano Teófilo
Published: June 2023

Este libro analiza una de las principales consecuencias del calentamiento global: el cambio climático y su impacto sobre las poblaciones vulnerables. Asimismo, revisa de manera sistemática los resultados que estos cambios producen sobre los grupos humanos, con especial atención en la migración forzada producida por el estrés hídrico, la desertificación, la inseguridad alimentaria, la elevación del nivel del mar, la abundancia de lluvias torrenciales, la aparición de nuevas enfermedades y los conflictos socioambientales. El volumen busca también explicar cómo las migraciones climáticas forzadas desplazan poblaciones al interior y al exterior de las naciones y convierten a los grupos humanos afectados en refugiados ambientales. Para ello, se estudian los destinos de estos refugiados: centros urbanos, zonas rurales o campamentos. Finalmente, el libro analiza los procesos de readaptación física y mental de los refugiados y su inserción sociocultural. Se incluyen también los posibles escenarios futuros, que proyectan que los países tropicales y pobres serán los más afectados por el cambio climático mientras los países ricos en muchos casos se beneficiarán de este fenómeno.
Investigación fitoquímica : métodos en el estudio de productos naturales
Authors: Lock Sing de Ugaz Olga
Published: June 2023

Los seis años transcurridos desde la primera edición han sido de reafirmación de la importancia de las plantas medicinales como proveedoras de metabolitos secundarios o productos naturales. La presente publicación aparece en momentos en que se ha despertado un inusitado interés mundial por una de ellas, la Uncaria tomentosa, por los diversos efectos terapéuticos que se le atribuyen, algunos de los cuales están siendo científicamente comprobados; ello demuestra una vez más la imperiosa necesidad de conocer sus principios activos y en el cual la fitoquímica juega un rol trascendental. Con esta segunda edición ampliada y actualizada espero nuevamente contribuir al desarrollo de la investigación fitoquímica en el país, por supuesto, como parte de una investigación multidisciplinaria, habiendo incluído en la presente dos grupos de compuestos químicos de creciente interés como son las xantonas y las quinonas, así como nuevos ejemplos.
La utopía tupamarista
Authors: Szeminski Jan
Published: June 2023

Este libro es un intento de entender de qué manera describían su mundo los que siguieron a los líderes de la insurrección tupacamarista. Los documentos dejados por los insurrectos fueron escritos en castellano. Las masas que siguieron a sus líderes pensaron y expresaron sus objetivos en quechua. ¿Fueron los mismos que los descritos en castellano? ¿Qué diferencias pudo haber entre el programa de los líderes rebeldes y el de sus partidarios? Todas estas preguntas motivaron al autor a analizar, primero, el significado de diversos términos referentes a la estructura social y el programa rebelde contenidos en los documentos de la época. La siguiente etapa del trabajo consistió en analizar datos referentes a la imagen de la historia.
Sobre el tema de la pasión : mitología andino-amazónica
Authors: Ortiz Rescaniere Alejandro
Published: June 2023

Trabajo de mitología comparada entre los Andes y la selva amazónica occidental. De los secretos y antiguos y profundos lazos de parentesco entre lo que se narra en la sierra con lo que se cuenta a la luz de una fogata en plena selva. Una historia leída con atención y profundo desconcierto en la niñez, la de "La amante de la culebra", le sirve a Ortiz Rescaniere para indagar y llevarnos a ese fascinante y siempre atractivo mundo de la mitología. Sobre el tema de la pasión es un libro de amor frustrado. De pasiones prodigiosas y desconcertantes. De pasiones bestiales. Se inicia con el amorío de una hermosa joven con una culebra, en la que ella ve un apuesto galán. Y la muerte de este por la familia de la enamorada. Y ese relato nos lleva a otros, que el antropólogo va explicando y analizando. Como dice Ortiz Rescaniere, el "cosmos y su historia son el resultado de lo que hicieron unas familias míticas, pero también son el reflejo de familias concretas cotidianas"
Determination of Global Competence Levels of Pre-service Social Studies Teachers
Authors: PEHLİVAN YILMAZ Ayşegül
Published: June 2023

Many positive or negative changes occurring in the global era force countries to take the necessary steps to sustain social life and create healthier and more harmonious societies. In this context, especially under the leadership of the United Nations, Sustainable Development Goals were adopted with the participation of 193 countries in 2015. One of the competences related to the individual accepted within the scope of these goals is global competences that reveal the need to be a global citizen. Global competence is defined as the ability to examine local and global problems, to understand, respect and appreciate different perspectives, to communicate and interact openly and effectively with individuals from different places and cultures, and to take action for sustainable development as a common vision. The purpose of this study is to determine the global competence levels of pre-service social studies teachers in terms of variables such as gender, grade level, level of interest in global issues, frequency of following global issues and level of knowledge about global issues. Descriptive survey model, one of the quantitative research methods, was used in the study. The population of the study consisted of a total of 216 pre-service social studies teachers studying at Anadolu University Faculty of Education, Social Studies Teacher Education Undergraduate Programme in the autumn term of the 2022-2023 academic year, including 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th grades. The Global Competence Scale developed by Brantley-Todd (2017) and adapted into Turkish by Karaca-Akarsu and Özdemir (2021) was used as a data collection tool in the study. SPSS 24 programme was used for the analysis of the scale items. As a result of the research, according to the descriptive analyses of demographic variables, it was found that the level of interest of pre-service social studies teachers in global issues, their level of knowledge about global issues and their frequency of following global issues were at medium and high levels; however, the global competence levels of pre-service social studies teachers did not differ significantly in terms of variables such as gender, grade level, level of interest, frequency of following and level of knowledge.
Meningkatkan Kosa Kata, Pengucapan Kata, dan Motivasi Belajar Bahasa Inggris Siswa Melalui Penerapan Metode Pembelajaran Total Physical Responses [Increasing Vocabulary, Pronunciation, and motivation to Study English Through Implementation of Total Physical Responses]
Authors: Sukandi Steffina
Published: June 2023

Mastering English language is very important because it is the most spoken language in global interaction. In order to master English, early age linguistic education is required. Therefore, the most suitable method used in this research is the Total Physical Responses (TPR), which emphasizes on vocabulary, pronunciation, and motivation to study English. The purposes of this research are: 1) to increase English vocabulary by using the TPR teaching method in Kindergarten A at Ehipassiko School BSD; 2) to increase English pronunciation by using the TPR teaching method in Kindergarten A Ehipassiko School BSD; 3) to increase motivation to study English by using the TPR teaching method in Kindergarten A Ehipassiko School BSD. This research was conducted in Kindergarten A Ehipassiko School BSD with  participants of 18 students, consists of 8 boys and 10 girls. The type of this research is pre-experimental research. The results showed an increased vocabulary, pronunciation, and motivation to study English through the method of TPR. It can be seen from the results of the N-Gain, vocabulary 0.755 was in the high category, the pronunciation in the medium category was 0.45 and 0.54 for motivation which is fall into the medium category. Based on the results of this research can be concluded that the teaching of English through the TPR teaching method can increase vocabulary, pronunciation, and motivation to study English.
Meningkatkan Keterampilan Menggambar, Menulis, dan Membaca Anak dengan Penggunaan Sandpaper Letters [Increasing Children's Drawing, Writing, and Reading Abilities with the Usage of Sandpaper Letters]
Authors: Fitavera Ruth
Published: June 2023

Early drawing, writing, and reading are some good aspects that can be developed to nurture children’s language acquisition from early childhood.  Environment stimulation is also one of important aspects, of which includes learning resources and teacher’s awareness of the importance of personal approach toward students. The problem that is encountered by Kindergarten 2 teachers is some students have difficulties in their early drawing, writing, and reading. This issue had brought the researcher’s attention to analyze the problem and tried to find solution, which one of them is the use of Sandpaper Letters with Montessori approach to develop early drawing, writing, and reading abilities. This research is a weak experimental research to 10 Kindergarten 2 students recommended by the homeroom teachers. The treatment used sandpaper letters with the Montessori approach for six weeks with one on one session. The result from pretest and posttest of drawing skill was N-gain 0,64 (medium), the writing skills N-gain 0,7 (high), and reading skills N-gain 0,7 (high). Based on the result, it is showed that Sandpaper letters with Montessori approach could affect the improvement of difference pace learner in early drawing, writing, and reading skills at kindergarten.
I nuovi farmaci antidiabetici nelle persone che vivono con l’infezione da HIV.
Authors: Mirani Marco
Published: June 2023

L'infezione da virus dell'immunodeficienza umana (HIV) e la terapia antiretrovirale (ART) sono noti fattori di rischio indipendenti per lo sviluppo di disturbi metabolici come la lipodistrofia, la dislipidemia e l'insulino-resistenza, comportando un rischio maggiore per lo sviluppo del diabete mellito di tipo 2. Con la crescente efficacia dell'ART, la sieropositività dell'HIV sta diventando una malattia cronica, con una percentuale progressivamente crescente di persone anziane che vivono con l'HIV (PLWH), esponendole a un carico significativo di morbilità legate all'età, incluso il diabete. Date queste premesse, i PLWH dovrebbero essere considerati soggetti ad alto rischio cardiovascolare e il diabete coesistente dovrebbe essere adeguatamente trattato.
In questa review viene discussa l'importanza di una diagnosi rapida e di un trattamento appropriato del diabete di tipo 2 nei PLWH, analizzando la letteratura disponibile sull'effetto dei farmaci antidiabetici in questa popolazione selezionata, concentrandosi sui nuovi farmaci con comprovati benefici cardiovascolari.
Prospective Technologies for Strengthening the Main Trackbed with a Sub-Ballast Protective Layer Using High-Performance Complexes of Russian Production
Authors: Akulinin Sergey , Vorob'ev Vladimir , Ul'yanov Vitaliy
Published: June 2023

Purpose: To examine the necessity of conducting measures to strengthen the main trackbed of railway tracks in order to reduce the impact of track repairs on infrastructure, ensure and enhance the carrying capacity of railway lines. To demonstrate the need to increase the output of high-quality leading machines using closed-loop technology, as well as to propose additional measures aimed at optimizing the number of machines and personnel involved in the production process. Methods: A comparison is made between the currently employed technologies for strengthening the main trackbed with sub-ballast protective layers using automotive and tractor equipment and railway construction machinery, as well as track complexes of foreign production, with the proposed technology and the utilization of high-efficiency domestic track machinery. Analysis of productivity indicators and the selection of the optimal option. Results: The necessity of prioritizing domestic technologies and track machinery for conducting major track repairs is indicated as the most effective means of increasing the load-bearing capacity of the track superstructure. Current requirements for technological processes and track machinery to ensure the sustainable operation of railway tracks under growing freight traffic intensity are examined. Technical specifications of the new track machine for ballast excavation, compaction, and the creation of sub-ballast protective layers are presented. Details regarding the design features of the track machine are provided. Practical significance: The need for implementing high-tech equipment and innovative technologies with higher productivity compared to foreign counterparts is demonstrated, along with the potential economic benefits of adopting the proposed technologies. The suggested technology will increase the lifespan of railway tracks and reduce operating costs.
Interpersonal Relationships, Loneliness Experience and Temperament of Transport University Students
Authors: Slotina Tat'yana , Vasil'eva Irina
Published: June 2023

Purpose: to study the subjective assessment of interpersonal relationships, loneliness experiences and temperament characteristics among students of a transport university. The object of empirical research were: boys and girls aged from 17 to 22 years, 56 people, of which 25 girls and 31 boys of PGUPS. Methods. Analytical-theoretical, testing. The analysis of the results was carried out using mathematical and statistical data processing using the criteria of difference (Student's t-test), correlation analysis (Pearson correlation criterion). Methods: Subjective assessment of interpersonal relationships, S. V. Dukhnovsky, questionnaire of loneliness experiences in adaptation by E. A. Manakova, personality questionnaire by G. Aizenka. Results: It is proved that the indicators of all respondents are at an average level, which characterizes modern students as people with a moderate degree of intensity of tension, alienation, conflict in relationships, not vividly experiencing all types of loneliness. Gender differences were obtained: the results of the girls were significantly higher on the scales of "Neuroticism", "Tension", "Experiencing loneliness as a negative feeling", which characterizes the female sample as more vulnerable from the point of view of stress resistance. Young men tend to experience most of the types of loneliness with an increase in the desire to distance themselves from other people, lack of trust. At the same time, all the studied students are characterized by the development of negative interpersonal manifestations with increasing feelings of loneliness in relationships. Practical significance: The results of this study can be used in the framework of educational and correctional-developmental work at the university, as well as as the basis of programs aimed at the development of self-regulation, especially in a group of girls and communicative trainings for young men, which in the future will help future specialists in the field of transport to become successful professionals.
Refinement of the Mathematical Model of Inter-Car Coupling with Spring-Friction Absorbing Devices for the Study of Longitudinal Vibrations of a Freight Train
Authors: Bespal'ko Sergey , Zhuhin Nikita , Pudovikov Oleg
Published: June 2023

Purpose: To develop an improved model of inter-car coupling equipped with spring-friction absorbing devices of the PMK-110 type. This model should take into account both the features of the power characteristics of absorbing devices of this type and the deformation of the carriage bodies, as well as the energy dissipation of longitudinal forces arising in the train due to the viscous resistance to deformation of the car structure. Methods: Methods of analysis, mathematical and simulation modeling. Results: Based on two existing mathematical models of inter-car couplings with spring-friction absorbing devices, an improved model of inter-car coupling equipped with spring-friction absorbing devices of the PMK-110 type has been developed. It is shown that this model increases the reliability of calculating the values of the longitudinal forces arising in the absorbing devices of the intercar couplings of the train. Practical significance: The proposed model of inter-car coupling can be used in studies of longitudinal vibrations of a train, since it gives more reliable calculation results for all loading modes.
Synthesis of Cu-Ag core-shell nanoparticles and its electrochemical characterization
Authors: Sutanto Laurencia G. , Cristian Yeremia B. , Adzijah Jihan N , Widianti Imanda , Jiwanti Prastika Krisma
Published: June 2023

The Cu-Ag core-shell nanoparticles (Cu@Ag NPs) are prepared by chemical reduction method with polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) was used as a capping agent, ascorbic acid (C6H8O6) and sodium borohydride (NaBH4) was used as a reducing agent. Cu@Ag NPs were synthesized with three variations of (Cu:Ag) 1:3, 1:4, and 1:5.. The uniformity of Cu@Ag NPs samples with three variations was verified by the particle size analyzer test. The sizes of Cu@Ag 1:3, 1:4, and 1:5 was obtained sequentially at the range of 270-280 nm, 300-304 nm, and 690-700 nm respectively. Indications of the successful synthesis of Cu@Ag nanoparticles can be seen from UV-Vis spectra of Cu@Ag 1:3, 1:4, and 1:5 respectively forming AgNP at wavelengths of 434 nm, 450 nm, and 428 nm Furthermore, the stability of Cu@Ag NPs was carried out over a period of 0 days, 4 days, 7 days, 11 days, and 14 days. It can be observed that the variation of 1:5 tends to be more stable as the chart continues to experience significant improvements compared to the variation of 1:3 and 1:4. The electrochemical study was then performed by applying cyclic voltammetry from 0 V to 1.8 V. It is clearly shown that the peak of Cu oxidation is appeared at a potential of 1.2 V while the peak value of Ag oxidation is at a potential of 0.9 V.
A Novel Robotic GWO LDI Modeling and Control for Nonlinear Systems
Authors: Zhang Enlai Zhang , Chen Yi , Chen Xianyi , Zhang Junbo , Xu Pengwu , Zhuo Jianming
Published: June 2023

This works aims to develop a new and improved GWO (Grey Wolf Optimizer), the so-called Robotic GWO (RGWO). First, to improve GWO's update formula position with an optimal learning strategy, we adapt the algorithm to real mobile environments, including robots, so that tracking robots can move prey toward targets. Then, the nonlinear active suspension (AS) control system is linearized by a neural network (NN) based linear differential inclusion (LDI) using feedback and feedforward linearization. In theory, it is found that the general SM (Sliding Mode) optimal control cannot provide sudden optimal results for the active linearized suspension system, so a method is proposed to improve the shortcomings of the active linearized suspension system. By constructing an extended SM-optimal manifold function, an improved SM-optimal controller is designed, which incorporates information on the entire structure and the expected performance of the suspension. For comparison purposes, the performance of three kinds of controls: SM optimal refinement control, logic-fuzzy SM control, and PS (passive suspension), shows the proposed controller's advantages . Finally, our improved SM optimal control for nonlinear AS systems, in general, can achieve the actual nominal optimal suspension performance, as confirmed by the simulation results. The results also show that the improved SM optimal control method provides better robustness even when the operating conditions or parameters of the structure vary.
Tooth Base Geometrical Variability Effect on the Vibration Behavior of the Stator
Authors: Hallal Jaafar , Hammoud Mohammad , Druesne Frédéric , Issa Hussein , Lanfranchi Vincent , Chazot Jean-Daniel
Published: June 2023

The magnetic pressure generated in the stator of electric machines can be a significant source of noise and vibration. The vibration behavior of the stator and such mechanical structures primarily depends on their geometry. Although the stator is often considered a simple structure, its teeth are not included in this assumption. In this paper, we endeavor to evaluate the impact of stator geometrical variability on the vibration behavior of electric machines. Our sensitivity study reveals that natural frequencies and frequency response functions are highly sensitive to geometrical variability. To account for this, we conducted a variability propagation study using a stochastic finite element model. Our findings show negligible variability on the natural frequencies but a high variability on the frequency response functions, even with low input variability. As anticipated, our study highlights the critical role of accounting for geometrical variability to enhance the accuracy of finite element models and strengthen their predictive power. However, the main contribution of this work is that the vibration behavior of the stator is not coupled, implying that the impact on natural frequencies does not necessarily reflect the same effect on the frequency response function.