bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formulations of Bacillus Spp. and Pseudomonas Fluorescens for Biocontrol of Cantaloupe Root Rot Caused by Fusarium Solani
Authors: Sallam Nashwa Atef , Riad Shaimaa Nagy , Mohamed Mohamed Samy , El-eslam Ahmed Seef
Published: September 2013

The aim of this study was to evaluate the different carrier formulations of antagonistic bacteria on incidence of root rot disease of cantaloupe. Twenty-seven isolates of bacteria isolated from rizosphere cantaloupe plants (collected from different localities of the Assiut Governorate, Egypt) were tested in vitro against the growth of Fusarium solani. The tested isolates exhibited varied percentages of mycelial inhibition of F. solani. The highly antagonistic bacteria isolates were identified as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, and Pseudomonas fluorescens. The effect of talc based powder and wood flour as various carrier formulations of antagonistic bacteria were tested on incidence of cantaloupe root rot disease in greenhouse and field experiments. All tested carrier formulations of antagonistic bacteria significantly decreased the disease index percentage (p > 0.05) of root rot disease compared with the control, in greenhouse or in field experiments. Application of the wood flour formulation to the infested soil at the time of planting, gave the lowest disease (21.75%) index percentage compared to an application fifteen days before planting (26.83%). The reverse effect occurred in the case of the talc based powder formulation application. In field experiments, during the two growing seasons of 2009 and 2010, wood flour formulation gave the same effect in the reduction of the disease index when added before planting or at the time of planting to soil infested with the pathogen. However, application of the talc formulation at the time of planting showed the least disease index compared to when it was applied fifteen days before planting. In general, wood flour formulation significantly decreased the disease index when compared with the talc formulation. In all the formulations, a number of viable colonies of bioagents were decreased gradually by prolonging the storage time at 4°C. Storage time was prolonged up to five months. But in the case of B. subtilis on talc and B. cereus on wood flour formulations, storage time needed to be prolonged up to seven months
Effect of Plant Oils on the Infestation of Rhyzopertha Dominica (Fab.) in Wheat, Triticum Aestivum Linn.
Authors: Kumawat Kailash Chand , Naga Bhanwar Lal
Published: September 2013

Six oil treatments, viz., Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss), Castor (Ricinus communis), Karanj (Pongamia pinnata), mustard (Brassica juncea), Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus melanophloia) and Taramira (Eruca sativa) were evaluated at three dose levels (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0% v/w) against the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (Fab.) infesting wheat, Triticum aestivum Linn. An untreated check (the control) was maintained for comparison. The maximum protection was provided by Neem oil at 1.0 per cent (no adult emerged up to 270 days) followed by castor oil and Taramira oil at 1.0 per cent (no adult emerged up to 90 days of treatment). The maximum number of adults were recorded in the grain treated with Eucalyptus oil used at 0.1 per cent (9.3-22.0), Karanj oil at 0.1 per cent (6.0-20.7), and castor oil at 0.1 per cent (2.0-23.0). The maximum grain damage was recorded with use of Eucalyptus oil at 0.1 per cent (28.7-64.7), Karanj oil at 0.1 per cent (18.7-60.0%), and Eucalyptus at 0.5 per cent (18.0-58.0%). No grain damage was recorded in 1.0 per cent Neem oil-treated grain, for up to 270 days. For up to 90 days of treatment, no grain damage was recorded in 1.0 per cent castor oil treated grain, and no grain damage was recorded in 1.0 per cent Tarmira oil treated grain for up to 90 days of treatment. No adverse effect of plant oils was observed on seed viability for up to 270 days of treatments
Damages caused by Polish cavalry in Tyszowce starosty in 17th-18th century
Authors: Frykowski Janusz Adam
Published: September 2013

Non-city starosty of Tyszowce was located in the province of Belz and received the status of royal land in 1462. Its territory included the town of Tyszowce and villages: Mikulin, Perespa, Klatwy and Przewale. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries the starosty suffered from a significant increase of various negative phenomena. The crown lands had bitterly tasted devastating fires, epidemics, contributions, requisitions, robberies and field devastations. All these disasters were caused mainly by war and military activities. Marches of soldiers and quartering of troops greatly contributed to the situation and were usually associated with the need of maintaining the soldiers. The requisitions of food, alcohol, cattle, horses and poultry were particularly burdensome for the people. The greatest economic devastation as regards the resources of the starosty and its people was caused by monetary contributions, usually several times higher than the financial capacity of the town and its inhabitants. This work focuses on damages to the starosty caused by the royal cavalry. According to the literature, it is clear that the behavior of the troops in Tyszowce Starosty was not different from the behavior of soldiers in other areas of Poland. It must be admitted that the reprehensible behavior of the army was influenced by many conditions, from the recruitment of people from backgrounds often involving conflict with law, as well as foreigners, to the accommodation system under which the soldiers were forced to supply themselves “on their own.”
The reasons and the character of unemployment in Lublin during the interwar period
Authors: Dolecka Marta
Published: September 2013

One cannot discuss unemployment in general but only in its different forms, which requires special approaches. This is due to the complexity of this timeless and challenging question. During the interwar period, the unemployment in Lublin, being of permanent character, was the most important economical and social problem in the city. Poor development did not provide new jobs. In addition, the capital of the region, due to its central location, attracted people not only from the nearby counties. Unemployed people from the whole country kept coming occasionally, looking for any kind of job. The officials were trying to help them by conducting various activities. However, they were not always sufficient. The important point, however, was that unemployed people were not left alone.
Henryk Raabe - rector of UMCS in the columns of Lublin newspapers 1944-1989
Authors: Kruszyński Marcin
Published: September 2013

The Maria Curie-Sklodowska University (UMCS) in Lublin was established on 23 October 1944 by the Polish Committee of National Liberation's pro-Moscow decree. The person chosen to be the vice-chancellor of the university was a pre-war socialist, Henryk Raabe. He met all the criteria demanded by the new communist regime. Firstly, he was a left-winger, but on the other hand, he was not a communist; he was not a member of the unpopular Polish Workers' Party. As such, he had a greater opportunity to create a necessary team of co-workers. Furthermore, as a socialist, he reflected the values promoted by propaganda, i.e. political pluralism and the alleged willingness to create a democratic state, in which there would be space for debate and diversity of views. The article approaches Henryk Rjaabe and opinions on him presented in the local press (1944-1989).
Identifying Improved Standardized Tests for Measuring Cement Particle Size and Surface Area
Authors: Ferraris Chiara , Garboczi Edward
Published: September 2013

The Blaine fineness (Blaine) of a cement powder is a single parameter that is meant to characterize the specific surface area of a cement; Blaine is assumed to be linked to physical and mechanical properties of the hydrated cement such as strength, setting time, and rheology. However, a single parameter cannot characterize the particle-size distribution of a cement powder, on which the hydration kinetics and solid properties depend. As the cement industry continues to develop more sophisticated blended cements, it will be even more clearly seen that a single parameter fails to capture the true complexity of a cement. In addition to measuring the Blaine, cement producers use the laser diffraction measurement of the entire particle-size distribution for quality control of their cements. Despite the wide use of this measurement by the cement industry, laser diffraction is not a standardized test. This project's goal was to examine various tests, such as laser diffraction and Blaine, that measure the particle-size distribution and total surface area of cement powder and then to determine the most appropriate test on the basis of correlation with the macroproperties of the cement paste or mortar. The shape of the cement particles for a partial particle size range was determined with X-ray computed microtomography (X-ray CT); the relationship between X-ray CT, the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area method, laser diffraction, and Blaine measurements was explored. The more fundamental and sophisticated experiments, nitrogen BET and X-ray CT, were used as ground truth to critically evaluate the laser particle-size distribution and Blaine fineness measurements. The standardization of the laser diffraction test method is proposed.
Improving Concrete Sustainability and Performance with Use of Portland–Limestone Cement Synergies
Authors: Cost V. Tim , Howard Isaac L. , Shannon Jay
Published: September 2013

The increased use of portland–limestone cements (PLCs) in the United States is anticipated in response to a new provision that has been added to blended cement specifications for PLCs containing up to 15% limestone. Published research has documented the performance synergies of cementitious mixtures with finely ground limestone (which has particle sizes generally smaller than cement particle sizes), especially in combination with certain supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). Time of setting and strength development benefits are reported, generally in proportion to limestone fineness. It appears possible to fully develop the potential for these performance synergies in mill-ground PLCs, in which limestone comprises the majority of the finest particles. This study further investigated performance trends observed in concrete with PLC using separately proportioned, commercially ground limestone and ordinary portland cement, as well as cement mill–ground PLC samples. The influences of variables such as SCM type and limestone fineness were evaluated with laboratory paste mixtures. Set acceleration increased with limestone fineness for all combinations, including mixtures without SCMs. Strength improvements were clearly evident with all SCMs, more significantly with Class C ash and slag cement than with Class F ash. All strength trends improved as limestone fineness was increased. Consistently enhanced setting and strength performance appear achievable with PLCs. Optimizing particle fineness will be a key factor in achieving these benefits. As performance contributions of SCMs in combination with PLCs may exceed those of similar mixtures with traditional ordinary portland cements, SCM use can be maximized and related sustainability impacts further extended.
Influential Depth by Water Absorption and Surface Drying in Concrete Slabs
Authors: Wei Ya , Gao Xiang , Hansen Will
Published: September 2013

Water is one of the major factors that contribute to the deformation and deterioration of concrete structures. The top surface of structures such as slabs or pavements on the ground can be subject to external drying, and the bottom surface can be in contact with water from ineffective drainage. A knowledge of moisture distribution significantly improves durability prediction. The water-to-cement ratio, the environment relative humidity (RH), and the moisture transport properties of concrete affect moisture distribution in slabs. This study investigated the effects of surface drying, self-desiccation, and bottom water absorption on moisture profiles in concrete slabs at water-to-cement ratios of 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5. The RH distributions along slab depths were measured continuously from final set with specially designed RH sensors. The hydraulic diffusivity of concretes was obtained through sorptivity testing. An analytical procedure that considered external drying, self-desiccation, and water absorption was implemented for RH simulation of slabs exposed to different environmental conditions. Experimental measurements and simulations showed that the influential depth is about 50 to 100 mm from the external surface drying. The influential depth from water absorption is about 50 mm. An equivalent temperature gradient (DTe) can be used to quantify the moisture gradient effect. Given that the environmental conditions are the same, the analytical simulation suggests that greater DTe results in a concrete slab with a higher water-to-cement ratio.
Factors that Influence Electrical Resistivity Measurements in Cementitious Systems
Authors: Spragg Robert , Villani Chiara , Snyder Ken , Bentz Dale , Bullard Jeffrey W. , Weiss Jason
Published: September 2013

The electrical resistivity of cement-based materials can be used in quality control or service life prediction as an indicator of the fluid transport properties of these materials. Although electrical tests have the advantage of being easy and rapid to perform, several key factors can influence the results: (a) specimen geometry, (b) specimen temperature, and (c) sample storage and conditioning. This paper addresses these issues and compares the measurements from several commercially available testing devices. First, the role of sample geometry is explained with the use of three common geometries: surface, uniaxial, and embedded electrodes. If the geometry is properly accounted for, measurements from different test geometries result in electrical resistivity values that are similar. Second, the role of sample temperature is discussed for both pore solution and uniaxial tests on cylinders. Third, the paper examines the importance of sample curing, storage, and conditioning. Sample storage and conditioning influence both the degree of hydration and the degree of saturation. The role of sample volume to solution volume is discussed, as this ratio may influence alkali leaching and pore solution conduction. This paper is intended to identify factors that influence the results of rapid electrical test measurements and to help identify areas of future research that are needed so that robust specifications and standard test methods can be developed. Standardization will enable electrical tests to provide rapid, accurate, repeatable measurements of concrete's electrical properties.
Probabilistic Design of Freeway Entrance Speed-Change Lanes considering Acceleration and Gap Acceptance Behavior
Authors: Fatema Tazeen , Hassan Yasser
Published: September 2013

An adequate length of entrance speed-change lanes (SCLs) is required for vehicles’ acceleration and gap-searching purposes so that vehicles can merge onto the freeway comfortably. The current design guides use a deterministic approach for the design of SCL length based only on the acceleration behavior of vehicles in the SCL. This study introduces a probabilistic approach for the design of the length of SCLs that considers both acceleration and gap acceptance behavior of drivers during the merging process. A microscopic simulation, coupled with a Monte Carlo simulation technique, is used to develop a probabilistic model to evaluate the probability of a forced merge by vehicles in the SCL, termed the probability of noncompliance (PNC). Reliability measures can be developed on the basis of the distribution of PNC values for all simulated SCL vehicles at a specific site. Several such measures are estimated for seven study sites and are shown to have high potential to indicate the safety performance at entrance SCL sites. As an example application of the developed model, the mean PNC is estimated to the SCL lengths recommended in North American design guides for a specific freeway design speed but different values of controlling curve design speed and traffic volume in the freeway right lane. The results indicate that the mean PNC may change with the change of either the design speed of the ramp controlling curve or the traffic volume on the freeway right lane.
Overview of the Draft Roadway Access Management Guidelines for the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey
Authors: Ginder Alan , Rivera Jose M. , Baig Mirza Rizwan , Lepore Armando , Gluck Jerome , Lorenz Matthew
Published: September 2013

This paper provides an overview of the efforts by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey (port authority) to develop and implement roadway access management guidelines for its airports and ports. The paper first summarizes the process used, including extensive intra-agency coordination, to develop and refine roadway access management guidelines tailored for port authority facilities. The paper then provides an overview of the draft guidelines recommended for each primary guidance area (e.g., traffic signal spacing and unsignalized driveway spacing). In many cases, the guidelines formalize the practices already used so that access management may be applied more consistently. The draft guidelines are under review by management in the port authority's Engineering and Architecture Design Division. Administrative aspects, such as the variance procedure and language related to intra-agency coordination, are a primary focus. The guidelines include an access classification system with associated design criteria tailored to the specific functions of the agency's roadway facilities.
Research needs and opportunities in Context-Based Sustainability
Authors: McElroy Mark W. , Baue Bill
Published: September 2013

In recent years, a new, literalist approach to managing the sustainability performanceof organizations has emerged, the makeup of which stands in stark contrastto the prevailing, incrementalist approach. Unlike the incrementalist approach,which is predicated on the view that progress in sustainability occurs whenevermarginal improvements in the social and environmental impacts of organizationsare made, the literalist approach takes a more rigorous stand. Under the literalistdoctrine (also known as context-based sustainability, or CBS), an organization'ssustainability performance is a function of what its social and environmental impactsare relative to specific norms, standards, or thresholds for what such impactsmust be in order to be sustainable. Here the literalist doctrine relies on the principleof sustainability context, or the general idea that sustainability performance assessmentsmust be made in light of social and ecological limits, and never withoutthem. Actual implementations of sustainability context in practice, however, arestill the exception, not the rule, mainly because generally-accepted guidelines forhow to do it do not yet exist. In response, this paper takes up the question of whatthe research and development needs and opportunities are in the field of CBS, andwhich must be addressed if moving sustainability context from the realm of theoryinto practice is to have any chance of succeeding. The authors begin by definingCBS, explaining the logic and epistemology behind it, and then continue by identifying and discussing specific issues of interest for further research and developmentin the social and environmental accounting domains.
Seroprevalence of Human Herpesvirus-8 in HIV-1 Infected and Uninfected Individuals in Cameroon
Authors: Mbondji-Wonje Christelle , Ragupathy Viswanath , Lee Sherwin , Wood Owen , Awazi Bih , Hewlett Indira
Published: September 2013

We evaluated the prevalence of HHV-8 antibodies in 516 plasma samples collected from HIV positive and negative patients from blood banks and urban areas of Cameroon. Among HIV-1 positive samples, HHV-8 seropositivity rate was 61% based on combined reactivity using both ELISA and IFA techniques. HIV negative samples showed 62% seropositivity rate for HHV-8 antibodies. Our results indicate a high HHV-8 prevalence rate in both HIV infected and uninfected individuals in Cameroon.
Development of a One-Step SYBR Green I Real-Time RT-PCR Assay for the Detection and Quantitation of Araraquara and Rio Mamore Hantavirus
Authors: Machado Alex , De Souza William , De Pádua Michelly , Da Silva Rodrigues Machado Aline , Figueiredo Luiz
Published: September 2013

Hantaviruses are members of the family Bunyaviridaeandare an emergingcause of diseaseworldwidewithhighlethalityin the Americas. In Brazil, thediagnosis forhantaviruses is basedonimmunologictechniquesassociatedwithconventionalRT-PCR.Anovelone-stepSYBRGreenreal-timeRT-PCRwasdevelopedfor the detectionandquantitationofAraraquarahantavirus(ARAV)and Rio Mamore hantavirus (RIOMV). Thedetectionlimitof assay was 10copies/µLofRNA in vitro transcribed of segment S. The specificity of assay was evaluatedbymeltingcurveanalysis, which showed thattheAraraquaravirusamplifiedproductgenerate dameltpeak at80.83±0.89°C without generating primer-dimersornon-specificproducts.The assay was more sensitive than conventional RT-PCR and we detected two samples undetected by conventional RT-PCR. The one-step SYBR Green real-time quantitative RT-PCR is specific, sensible and reproducible, which makes it a powerful tool in both diagnostic applications and general research of ARAVand RIOMVand possibly other Brazilian hantaviruses.
La musique dans Yawar Fiesta
Authors: Borras Gérard
Published: September 2013

La música ocupa un sitio importante en Yawar Fiesta (1941), la primera novela de José Maria Arguedas. Se trata aquí de analizar las funciones narrativas que el autor asigna a esa expresión de la cultura de los dominados, que interviene tanto en los conflictos entre los diferentes grupos como en el fenómeno de « indianización » que sufren los miembros de la clase dominante.
Le culte d'Héra à Pérachora (VIII-VIe s.) : essai de bilan
Authors: Lefèvre-Novaro Daniela
Published: September 2013

The analysis of the epigraphical, literary and archaeological evidences lead to a better understanding of the cult of Hera at Perachora in 8th - 6th centuries B.C. The cultic functions examined (the relation with the sea and the navigation ; the protection of the women, of the fertility and of the new generations ; the oracular function) underline the chthonic characterization of the goddess and her role in the initiation rites.
La géographie de l'Égypte selon Platon. Remarques sur un passage du Timée (21E)
Authors: Reynard Jean
Published: September 2013

La quasi-totalité des traducteurs du Timée, quand ils suivent le texte de J. Burnet, n'ont pas tenu compte d'une leçon nouvelle qu'il a retenue et qui en modifie nettement le sens. Il s'agit du passage où Platon mentionne la situation géographique du nome saïtique dans le Delta (21e). L'article vise à justifier la leçon de Burnet, à en proposer une traduction satisfaisante et à en tirer parti pour préciser le projet littéraire de Platon au début du dialogue.
Plutarque, E de Delphes 387 d2-9. Une interprétation philosophique de l'épisode de l'enlèvement du trépied par Héraclès : une erreur de jeunesse
Authors: Lernould Alain
Published: September 2013

A la fin du chapitre six de l'E de Delphes de Plutarque (en 387d2-9), Théon, le représentant du stoïcisme, pour qui le mystérieux Ε consacré à Apollon est le « si » (Eὶ) introduisant le syllogisme hypothétique, couronne sa défense de la dialectique par une évocation du mythe d'Héraclès enlevant le trépied, en donnant à cette agression criminelle une explication qui repose sur l'opposition entre deux périodes dans la vie du héros, celle de la jeunesse (et de l'inculture), celle de l'âge mûr (et de la sagesse). Parce que l'expression καὶ διαμάχεσθαι πρὸς τὸν θεὸν ὑπὲρ τῆς τέχνης, juste après la mention du rapt du trépied, peut suggérer l'idée d'une rivalité dans le domaine de la dialectique entre Héraclès et Apollon, et donc celle d'une conversion du héros à la dialectique, on a été conduit à penser que Théon donnait ici une interprétation allégorique, typiquement stoïcienne, du rapt du trépied, en vertu de laquelle un « exploit » malheureux est présenté comme l'image inversée d'une perfection morale. Pour mieux plier le texte à cette lecture, qui revient aussi à rapporter le vol du trépied à l'âge mûr d'Héraclès, on a été amené à faire voler en éclats le segment « si le premier, alors le second », Ε (= ει) τὸ πρῶτον, τὸ δεύτερον, en donnant aux deux ordinaux la valeur d'adverbes de temps : « d'abord » Héraclès, jeune, s'est moqué du Ε (Le. de la dialectique), « ensuite », plus âgé, il a décidé de voler le trépied et de rivaliser avec le dieu. Cette lecture, communément retenue (notamment par Flacelière, dans l'édition Budé), constitue un vrai contre-sens. Loin de signifier, dans l'esprit de Théon, une conversion à la dialectique (même ironique), le vol du trépied et la lutte avec le dieu figurent la négation de la philosophie par son contraire, la brutalité (au sens propre du terme), personnifiée par Héraclès et mise sur le compte de la jeunesse du héros. On peut alors, sans aucune difficulté, rétablir l'unité du segment « si le premier, alors le second », et montrer comment l'interprétation théonienne du rapt du trépied permet, selon un geste « pascalien », de retourner cet épisode en faveur de la thèse de la suprématie universelle de la dialectique et de la sagesse d'Apollon, le dieu « philosophe » et « dialecticien par excellence ».
Lots héroïques : remarques sur le tirage au sort de l'Iliade aux Sept contre Thèbes d'Eschyle
Authors: Demont Paul
Published: September 2013

Le vocabulaire et la scène typique du tirage au sort dans l'épopée sont d'abord étudiés ainsi que les différents traitements de cette scène et leur sens du point de vue de l'histoire des mentalités, notamment dans le chant VII de l'Iliade, où l'insistance sur le choix d'Ajax pour le combat contre Hector, en l'absence d'Achille, par tirage au sort, contraste avec les traditions du cycle troyen sur l'ὅπλων κρίσις qui attribuent par jugement les armes d'Achille non à Ajax, mais à Ulysse. Le cas particulier du tirage au sort entre frères pour la division du patrimoine fait l'objet de la seconde partie. La troisième partie analyse le traitement tragique de la scène épique dans les Sept contre Thèbes, d'abord, dans la première moitié de la pièce, au service de la progression dramatique, par le contraste entre le tirage au sort des Sept et les décisions d'Etéocle, ensuite, dans la seconde moitié de la pièce, au niveau symbolique, par la description lyrique du duel entre les deux frères au moyen de l'image d'un tirage au sort corrompu. La conclusion rappelle la nécessité de prendre en compte les mythes héroïques pour mettre en perspective les premiers emplois connus du tirage au sort dans le domaine politique.
Commerce, monnaies locales et monnaies communes dans les États hellénistiques
Authors: Marcellesi Marie-Christine
Published: September 2013

In the Hellenistic period, Alexanders and other coins of Attic weight were used as common currency, but local currency didn't disappear. While several states adopted a closed or open monetary system, many cities chose a mixed system where both local and common currencies were admitted in circulation. Epigraphic and literary sources provide us interesting informations about this system, especially about public and prived use of both coinages. Some products and services could only be purchased in local currency, whereas some others were regularly paid for in common currency. Such a system was flexible and advantageous.
Notes linguistiques et critiques sur le livre II des Coniques d'Apollonius de Perge (2e partie)
Authors: Federspiel Michel
Published: September 2013

Suite et fin de l'article dont la première partie a paru dans la Revue des Études Grecques, t. 112 (1999/2), 409-443. Cette deuxième partie est consacrée à l'examen des propositions 31-53 du Livre II des Coniques. Comme la première partie, elle peut aussi servir à compléter le Dictionnaire historique de la terminologie géométrique des Grecs de Ch. Mugler. — Elle se termine par un Supplément aux notes critiques sur le Livre I des Coniques.
La pitié comme émotion chez Aristote
Authors: Konstan David
Published: September 2013

All emotions, according to Aristotle, are accompanied by pleasure or pain, and pity in particular is defined as a kind of pain. But why is pity painful ? I argue that the pain in question does not derive from sympathetic identification with the suffering of the one who is pitied (as in the views of Hume or Schopenhauer) ; rather, it is the fear for oneself that accompanies the perception of the (undeserved) misfortune of the other — that is, the anticipation that one is oneself vulnerable to a like misfortune — that makes pity painful and renders it, according to Aristotle's definition, an emotion.
Le ronflement des Tarsiens : l'interprétation du Discours XXXIII de Dion de Pruse
Authors: Bost-Pouderon Cécile
Published: September 2013

L'étonnante polysémie du verbe ῤέγκειν, le style allusif de l'orateur et le ton sarcastique de sa diatribe, souvent à la limite de la parodie, autorisent des lectures multiples du Premier discours aux Tarsiens de Dion de Pruse. Mais si les réseaux de significations s'entre-croisent, ils n'en tissent pas moins entre eux une toile cohérente : comme il le faisait aux Alexandrins (discours XXXII), le rhéteur reproche aux Tarsiens un comportement trop oriental, en rupture avec les valeurs de la παιδεία grecque. C'est là, nous semble-t-il, le maître-mot de cette curieuse diatribe, que notre orateur s'est plu à décliner sur un mode vigoureusement imagé en développant, non sans bigarrures, un « dit » attribué à Antisthène dans la littérature gnomologique, celui de l'ἀπαίδευτος présenté comme un « rêveur éveillé », et qui n'était sans doute devenu à son époque plus qu'un lieu-commun de la prédication cynico-stoïcienne.
Xenoi en Sicile dans la première moitié du Ve siècle (Diod. XI, 72,3)
Authors: de La Genière Juliette
Published: September 2013

Who were the xenoi frequently mentioned by Diodorus Siculus in his account of the revolt of the mercenaries in south-eastern Sicily around the middle of the Vth century B.C. ? Were they Greeks from other cities ? Or Barbarians ?

One tries here to demonstrate, studying the peculiarities of certain grave goods of Gela, that these mercenaries were not Greeks, but Barbarians whose greater part had come from Campania since the beginning of the fifth century B.C.
Biometric Authentication Based on Hand Vein Pattern
Authors: Prasad Munaga V. N. K. , Kavati Ilaiah
Published: September 2013

Recently, a new biometric technology based on human hand vein patterns has attracted the attention of many researchers. This chapter discusses vein pattern authentication, which uses the vascular patterns of the back of the hand as personal authentication data. Vein information is hard to duplicate because veins are internal to the human body. Vein authentication is one of the most accurate and reliable biometric technologies, which is widely employed in mission-critical applications such as banking, etc. A dynamic ROI extraction algorithm was presented through which more features can be extracted when compared to the fixed ROI. The extracted ROI was enhanced, and then the noise content was removed. The key features that represent the geometric information of the vein pattern were extracted; they are the bifurcation and ending points. This chapter presents a new vein pattern recognition system by assigning different weights to bifurcation and ending points. The approach is tested on a vein pattern database of 60 different hands. Experimental results show the approach achieves 2.5% of Equal Error Rate (EER) and recognition accuracy of 98.24%.
Stereo Vision-Based Object Matching, Detection, and Tracking
Authors: Saifuddin Mohamed , Yeong Lee Seng , Phooi Seng Kah , Li-Minn Ang
Published: September 2013

Computer vision has become very important in recent years. It is no longer restricted to a single camera that is only capable of capturing a single image at any given time. In its place, stereo vision systems have been introduced that not only make use of dual cameras to capture multiple images at once, but they also simulate the exact same nature of the human eye vision. Stereo vision has turned out to be an important research component in the subdivision of computer vision and image processing that deals with the extraction of information from images for the purpose of video surveillance systems, mimicking the human vision for the visually impaired, for robotics, to control unmanned vehicles, for security purposes, virtual reality and 3 Dimensional (3D) televisions, etc. In this chapter, a comprehensive review of all recent algorithms such as stereo matching, object detection, tracking techniques for stereo vision are presented.
Recognition of Humans and Their Activities for Video Surveillance
Authors: Kushwaha Alok Kumar Singh , Srivastava Rajeev
Published: September 2013

Human Activity Recognition is an active area of research in computer vision with wide-scale applications in video surveillance, motion analysis, virtual reality interfaces, robot navigation and recognition, video indexing, browsing, HCI, choreography, sports video analysis, etc. The analysis of vision-based human activities in videos is an area with increasingly important consequences from security and surveillance to public place and personal archiving. Several challenges at various levels of processing-robustness against errors in low-level processing, view and rate-invariant representations at mid-level processing, and semantic representation of human activities at higher-level processing make this problem hard to solve. The task is challenging due to variations in motion performance, recording settings, and inter-personal differences. In this chapter, the authors explicitly address these challenges. They present a survey of existing work and describe some of the more well-known methods in these areas. They also describe their own research and outline future possibilities. Detailed overviews of current advances in the field are provided. Image representations and the subsequent classification processes are discussed separately to focus on the novelties of recent research. Moreover, the authors discuss the limitations of the state of the art and outline promising directions of research.
Video Authentication
Authors: Upadhyay Saurabh , Tiwari Shrikant , Parashar Shalabh
Published: September 2013

With the growing innovations and emerging developments in sophisticated video editing technology, it is becoming highly desirable to assure the credibility and integrity of video information. Today digital videos are also increasingly transmitted over non-secure channels such as the Internet. Therefore, in surveillance, medical, and various other fields, video contents must be protected against attempts to manipulate them. Video authentication has gained much attention in recent years. However, many existing authentication techniques have their own advantages and obvious drawbacks. The authors propose a novel authentication technique that uses an intelligent approach for video authentication. This chapter presents an intelligent video authentication algorithm for raw videos using a support vector machine, which is a non-linear classifier, and its applications. It covers both kinds of tampering attacks, spatial and temporal. It uses a database of more than 2000 tampered and non-tampered videos and gives excellent results with 98.38% classification accuracy. The authors also discuss a vast diversity of tampering attacks, which can be possible for video sequences. Their algorithm gives good results for almost all kinds of tampering attacks.
Negative ethical behaviors in Saudi hospitals: How prevalent are they perceived to be? - Statement agreement study
Authors: Fayez R , Nawwab A , Al-Jahdali H , Baharoon S , Binsalih S , Sayyari A Al
Published: September 2013

Background: There is limited information about the prevalence of unethical behavior and how is perceived among health care providers. The aim of this study is to assess such behavior and how is perceived. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study among three groups of professionals. Total participants were 370 and included medical staff, medical residents, and nurses in five medical specialties in four tertiary hospitals in Saudi Arabia (two Ministry of Health Hospitals and two military Hospitals). Participants were asked to rate their agreement with occurrence of 15 "negative" unethical behavior scenarios in their workplace. The scenarios covered areas of "respect for persons", "interprofessional relationships," and "empathy with patients". Results: Majority of respondents agreed that "unethical" behavior occurred in their workplace, including confidentiality being compromised (36.3%), informed consent not taken properly (60.2%), and bad news not well-delivered (62.2%). Other significant area agreement included doctors lacking empathy (47.8%), patient autonomy not fully respected (42.5%), discrimination (41.2%), and being pressurized to write inaccurate reports (31.2%). Respondents in medicine had the lowest rate of agreement and those in psychiatry had the highest (mean of 49.8% and 82.3%, respectively). Respondents with length of employment of less than 6 years had significantly higher agreement that unethical behavior occurs compared to those with length of employment of more than 6 years. Males were more likely than females to agree that unethical behavior occurs. The biggest difference was seen in the behavior of "informed consent not properly taken" with a gender margin of 18.7% (P = 0.001). Conclusion: There is high prevalence of behavior that is considered unethical as perceived by various health care workers at Saudi hospitals.
The Ontological Function of the Patent Document
Authors: Chin Andrew
Published: September 2013

None
Prisoners of Congress: The Constitutional and Political Clash Over Detainees and the Closure of Guantanamo
Authors: Frakt David J. R.
Published: September 2013

None
The Art of Law & Macroeconomics
Authors: Salama Bruno Meyerhof
Published: September 2013

None
Bankruptcy Insurance: a Modular Approach to Systemic Risk
Authors: Klaber Ben
Published: September 2013

No Abstract
“Fetal Monstrosities”:
Authors: Cusumano Nicola
Published: September 2013

A naturalistic sensitivity emerges that is disengaged from transcendental presuppositions, and which reflects in a broad sense a medical conception based less on “cosmic causes” and more on “human and social” aspects. Starting with an analysis of the important work by Ingrassia, this study will then draw a comparison both with contemporary teratological treatises and with subsequent thought on monstrous births in Sicily during the Enlightenment. In this remote corner of Europe, in fact, in the eighteenth century—and thus in a radically different cultural context—the discussion of monsters converges in a regressive movement far removed from the most daring positions expressed by Ingrassia in his sixteenth-century treaty.
The Anatomy of a Monster:
Authors: Marie Boyer Tina
Published: September 2013

In this anatomical study of a single monster and its birth, the questions as to its form and function are raised. Monsters do not emerge out of a cultural void; they have a literary and cultural heritage. Yet when they are newly conceived, the need to construct a background becomes imperative. Since Slender Man is a prohibitive monster, but without a clear explanation as to what lines may or may not be crossed, the arbitrariness of his actions and characteristics offered a variety of possible backgrounds. The first narratives to emerge were linked to Norse and Native American mythology and medieval art (the danse macabre). Despite the culturally diverse character of the Internet, the folkloric and mythic sources used to form a social background for Slender Man were typical of the Western tradition. In terms of legend making and oral tradition, social networks have become a focal point of sharing traditional folklore and myth patterns. The shift from oral storytelling to the Internet forms of writing, blogging, and videotaping is intriguing because it shows no difference in dynamic. The creation of Slender Man demonstrates that legend making and telling—even without the direct oral link—obeys the same rules of performativity, critique, embellishment, and progression as it does in the oral telling of a story. The audience and the primary story creator share the legend as a performance to stage their ideas of reality and normative social expectations within a construct of bizarre and preternatural circumstances.
Binding Energies and Linear and Nonlinear Optical Properties of a Donor Impurity in a Three-Dimensional Quantum Pseudodot
Authors: Kirak Muharrem , Yilmaz Sait
Published: September 2013

A theoretical study of the electronic properties of the ground state and excited states and the linear and the third-order nonlinear optical properties (i. e., absorption coefficients and refractive indices) in a spherical GaAs pseudodot system is reported. The variational procedure has been employed in determining sublevel energy eigenvalues and their wave functions within the effective mass approximation. Our results indicate that the chemical potential of the electron gas and the minimum value of the pseudoharmonic potential have a great influence on the electrical and optical properties of hydrogenic impurity states. Also, we have found that the magnitudes of the absorption coefficient and the refractive index change of the spherical quantum dot increase for transitions between higher levels.
La théorie du développement moral défendue par Elliot Turiel et Larry P. Nucci peut-elle apporter un fondement empirique à l’éthique minimale ?
Authors: Maillard1 Nathalie
Published: September 2013

Les recherches menées dans le champ de la psychologie morale par Larry P. Nucci et Elliot Turiel conduisent à identifier le domaine moral avec le domaine des jugements prescriptifs concernant la manière dont nous devons nous comporter à l’égard des autres personnes. Ces travaux empiriques pourraient apporter du crédit aux propositions normatives du philosophe Ruwen Ogien qui défend une conception minimaliste de l’éthique. L’éthique minimale exclut en particulier le rapport à soi du domaine moral. À mon avis cependant, ces travaux de psychologie morale ne permettent pas du tout d’affirmer que nous sommes, empiriquement parlant, des minimalistes moraux. Les résultats des recherches de Nucci et Turiel montrent que les personnes considèrent intuitivement que le domaine personnel – le domaine des actions qui affectent prioritairement l’agent lui-même – doit échapper au contrôle ou à l’interférence des autres personnes. Mais affirmer que c’est l’agent lui-même qui possède l’autorité légitime de décider dans le domaine personnel ne signifie pas que tout ce qu’il y fait soit moralement indifférent.
Differential effects of abandonment on the demography of the grassland perennial Succisa pratensis
Authors: van der Meer Sascha , Dahlgren Johan Petter , Mildén Mikael , Ehrlén Johan
Published: September 2013

Abandonment of traditional land‐use practices can have strong effects on the abundance of species occurring in agricultural landscapes. However, the precise mechanisms by which individual performance and population dynamics are affected are still poorly understood. To assess how abandonment affects population dynamics of Succisa pratensis we used data from a 4‐year field study in both abandoned and traditionally grazed areas in moist and mesic habitats to parameterize integral projection models. Abandoned populations had a lower long‐term stochastic population growth rate (λS = 0.90) than traditionally managed populations (λS = 1.08), while λS did not differ between habitat types. The effect of abandonment differed significantly between years and had opposed effects on different vital rates. Individuals in abandoned populations experienced higher mortality rates and lower seedling establishment, but had higher growth rates and produced more flower heads per plant. Population viability analyses, based on a population survey of the whole study area in combination with our demographic models, showed that 32 % of the populations face a high risk of extinction (>80 %) within 20 years. These results suggest that immediate changes in management are needed to avoid extinctions and further declines in population sizes. Stochastic elasticity analyses and stochastic life table response experiments indicated that management strategies would be most effective if they increase survival of small plants as well as seedling establishment, while maintaining a high seed production. This may be achieved by varying the grazing intensity between years or excluding grazers when plants are flowering.
Short-time asymptotics of hydrodynamic dispersion in porous media
Authors: Brosten Tyler R.
Published: September 2013

We consider convection–diffusion transport of a passive scalar within porous media having a piecewise-smooth and reflecting pore–grain interface. The corresponding short-time expansion of molecular displacement time-correlation functions is determined for the generalized steady convection field. By interpreting the generalized short-time expansion of dispersion dynamics in the context of low-Reynolds-number flow through macroscopically homogeneous porous media, we demonstrate the connection between hydrodynamic permeability and short-time dynamics. The analytical short-time expansion is compared with numerical simulation data for steady low-Reynolds-number flow through a random close-pack array of mono-disperse spheres. The quadratic short-time expansion term of the dispersion coefficient closely predicts the numerical data for a mean displacement of at least 10 % of the sphere diameter for a Péclet number of 54.49.