bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Effective Diabetic Ketoacidosis Prevention Intervention in Children With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Vitale Rebecca J. , Card Casey E. , Lichtman Judith H. , Weyman Kate , Michaud Camille , Sikes Kristin , Tamborlane William V. , Weinzimer Stuart A.
Published: November 2018

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a brief, office-based educational intervention to increase parent or patient recognition of the early warning signs and symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Forty-two patients aged > 13 years and 34 parents of children aged ≤ 13 years were given a pretest questionnaire about their knowledge of signs and symptoms of DKA and sick day management practices. They received a brief refresher course on sick day management specific to their treatment modality (pump vs. injection) and were given a take-home flow sheet of guidelines for diabetes sick day management. Subjects were retested with the same knowledge questionnaire after 6 to 12 months. Patients or parents scored higher on the posttest than the pretest and called the emergency line for assistance more frequently ( p = .032) following the intervention. Emergency department visits were significantly reduced in adolescents ( p = .024). A short educational intervention and printed management tool is effective in improving sick day and DKA knowledge and appears to be effective in reducing emergency department visits by increasing utilization of a diabetes emergency line for early outpatient intervention.
3D face recognition: a survey
Authors: Zhou Song , Xiao Sheng
Published: November 2018

3D face recognition has become a trending research direction in both industry and academia. It inherits advantages from traditional 2D face recognition, such as the natural recognition process and a wide range of applications. Moreover, 3D face recognition systems could accurately recognize human faces even under dim lights and with variant facial positions and expressions, in such conditions 2D face recognition systems would have immense difficulty to operate. This paper summarizes the history and the most recent progresses in 3D face recognition research domain. The frontier research results are introduced in three categories: pose-invariant recognition, expression-invariant recognition, and occlusion-invariant recognition. To promote future research, this paper collects information about publicly available 3D face databases. This paper also lists important open problems.
Genetic accommodation and the role of ancestral plasticity in the evolution of insect eusociality
Authors: Jones Beryl M. , Robinson Gene E.
Published: November 2018

For over a century, biologists have proposed a role for phenotypic plasticity in evolution, providing an avenue for adaptation in addition to ‘mutation-first’ models of evolutionary change. According to the various versions of this idea, the ability of organisms to respond adaptively to their environment through phenotypic plasticity may lead to novel phenotypes that can be screened by natural selection. If these initially environmentally induced phenotypes increase fitness, then genetic accommodation can lead to allele frequency change, influencing the expression of those phenotypes. Despite the long history of ‘plasticity-first’ models, the importance of genetic accommodation in shaping evolutionary change has remained controversial – it is neither fully embraced nor completely discarded by most evolutionary biologists. We suggest that the lack of acceptance of genetic accommodation in some cases is related to a lack of information on its molecular mechanisms. However, recent reports of epigenetic transgenerational inheritance now provide a plausible mechanism through which genetic accommodation may act, and we review this research here. We also discuss current evidence supporting a role for genetic accommodation in the evolution of eusociality in social insects, which have long been models for studying the influence of the environment on phenotypic variation, and may be particularly good models for testing hypotheses related to genetic accommodation. Finally, we introduce ‘eusocial engineering’, a method by which novel social phenotypes are first induced by environmental modification and then studied mechanistically to understand how environmentally induced plasticity may lead to heritable changes in social behavior. We believe the time is right to incorporate genetic accommodation into models of the evolution of complex traits, armed with new molecular tools and a better understanding of non-genetic heritable elements.
Art. 23 da LINDB - O equilíbrio entre mudança e previsibilidade na hermenêutica jurídica
Authors: Marques Neto Floriano de Azevedo
Published: November 2018

Article 23 of LINDB - The balance between change and predictability in legal hermeneutics O artigo analisa o art. 23, recém-introduzido à Lei de Introdução às Normas do Direito Brasileiro (LINDB). Para tanto, traz algumas considerações iniciais sobre o direito e os desafios contemporâneos que enfrenta, de forma a apresentar o contexto e a importância das mudanças promovidas na LINDB, suscitadas com o objetivo de promover a segurança jurídica, em especial na interpretação do direito público. Em seguida, prevê casos em que o art. 23 deve ser aplicado, a incluir as esferas administrativa, controladora e judicial e quem faria parte de cada uma delas. Também são interpretados termos essenciais do art. 23, como “decisões”, a incluir não só aquelas advindas da resolução de conflitos, mas também atos de caráter normativo ou integrativo. The paper examines art. 23, recently amended to the Introduction Law to Brazilian Law Standards. Initially, it presents some considerations concerning Law and its contemporary challenges, to demonstrate the context and the importance of the amendments and their effort to enhance legal certainty, especially regarding public law interpretation. Additionally, the paper presents in which cases the new article should be referred, in administrative, oversight and judicial field and which entities are part of each. Relevant terms from art. 23 are also interpreted, like “decisions”, which include not only those decisions arising from dispute resolution, but also those with normative and integrative aspects.
UK circulating strains of human parainfluenza 3: an amplicon based next generation sequencing method and phylogenetic analysis
Authors: Smielewska Anna , Emmott Edward , Ranellou Kyriaki , Popay Ashley , Goodfellow Ian , Jalal Hamid
Published: November 2018

Background:Human parainfluenza viruses type 3 (HPIV3) are a prominent cause of respiratory infection with a significant impact in both pediatric and transplant patient cohorts.  Currently there is a paucity of whole genome sequence data that would allow for detailed epidemiological and phylogenetic analysis of circulating strains in the UK. Although it is known that HPIV3 peaks annually in the UK, to date there are no whole genome sequences of HPIV3 UK strains available. 

Methods:Clinical strains were obtained from HPIV3 positive respiratory patient samples collected between 2011 and 2015.  These were then amplified using an amplicon based method, sequenced on the Illumina platform and assembled using a new robust bioinformatics pipeline. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out in the context of other epidemiological studies and whole genome sequence data currently available with stringent exclusion of significantly culture-adapted strains of HPIV3.

Results:In the current paper we have presented twenty full genome sequences of UK circulating strains of HPIV3 and a detailed phylogenetic analysis thereof.  We have analysed the variability along the HPIV3 genome and identified a short hypervariable region in the non-coding segment between the M (matrix) and F (fusion) genes. The epidemiological classifications obtained by using this region and whole genome data were then compared and found to be identical.

Conclusions:The majority of HPIV3 strains were observed at different geographical locations and with a wide temporal spread, reflecting the global distribution of HPIV3. Consistent with previous data, a particular subcluster or strain was not identified as specific to the UK, suggesting that a number of genetically diverse strains circulate at any one time. A small hypervariable region in the HPIV3 genome was identified and it was shown that, in the absence of full genome data, this region could be used for epidemiological surveillance of HPIV3.
СОПОСТАВИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ ИМЕН ЧИСЛИТЕЛЬНЫХ ДАРГИНСКОГО И НЕМЕЦКОГО ЯЗЫКОВ
Authors: Mishaeva Marianna Vladimirovna , Mutaeva Saida Ibragimovna
Published: November 2018

Цель. В статье проводится сопоставительный анализ числительных даргинского и немецкого языков. Основная цель нашего исследования заключается в исследовании числительного даргинского языка в последовательном сопоставлении с фактами немецкого языка.Метод и методология проведения работы. В работе использованы различные методы исследования: описательный, сопоставительный и структурно-семантический.Результаты. Авторы отмечают, что по своим образовательным и функциональным признакам числительное в исследуемых языках делится на специфические разряды. Числительные даргинского языка в атрибутивной функции не располагают какой-либо грамматической категорией. Неизменяемость определенных количественных числительных немецкого языка также является одной из отличительных черт грамматического строя данного языка. В немецком языке при сочетании имени числительного с именем существительным проявляются некоторые структурные особенности.Область применения результатов. Материалы данного исследования могут быть использованы в свете новых требований преподавания даргинского и немецкого языков в школе и в вузе.
ОБРАЗНАЯ РЕПРЕЗЕНТАЦИЯ ЛЕТНЕГО ВРЕМЕНИ ГОДА В РЕКЛАМНОМ ТУРИСТИЧЕСКОМ НАРРАТИВЕ
Authors: Men’shikova Ekaterina Evgen’evna
Published: November 2018

Цель. Цель исследования – определить языковые средства, за счет которых реализуется образ летнего времени года в рекламном туристическом нарративе.Метод или методология проведения работы. Методами исследования послужили общенаучные методы наблюдения и описания, а также семантический и лингвокультурологический анализ.Результаты. В ходе произведённого анализа установлено, что образная репрезентация летнего времени года в рекламном туристическом нарративе представлена различными тематическими сферами, представляющими природный ландшафт, солнце, цветовую гамму, чувства и эмоции и т.д. Под средствами реализации образности в данном исследовании понимаются изобразительные и выразительные средства языка, а именно метафора, метонимия, образное сравнение, эпитеты, олицетворение и другие. В статье сделан вывод о том, что данные средства языка заключают в себе особый потенциал эмоционального и экспрессивного воздействия.Область применения. Практическая значимость исследования заключается в возможности применения общих положений в лекционных курсах по общему языкознанию, лингвострановедению, культурологии. Материалы работы могут составить содержание спецкурсов и спецсеминаров по когнитивной лингвистике, лингвокультурологии.
Cultural-philosophical thought in Russia of XX - beginning of XXI century: faces, schools, ideas
Authors: Злотникова Татьяна , Zlotnikova Tat'yana
Published: November 2018

The textbook provides answers to topical issues of modern cultural studies: the life of the creative personality, the transformation of the artistic image inherited from the classics and created in the new cultural and historical conditions, the demythologization of cultural experience. The author's version of ideas about cultural and philosophical ideas, theories and works of domestic authors of the XX – beginning of the XXI century is offered.
It is addressed to undergraduate and graduate students of humanitarian specialties and directions, can be used in educational work with different segments of the population of Russia.
Protecting Scientists from Gordon Gekko: How Organizations Use Hybrid Spaces to Engage with Multiple Institutional Logics
Authors: Perkmann Markus , McKelvey Maureen , Phillips Nelson
Published: November 2018

Previous work on institutional complexity has discussed two solutions that organizations internally deploy when externally engaging with multiple institutional logics: blended hybrids, in which logics are combined throughout the organization, and structural hybrids, in which different logics dominate in different compartments within the organization. While blended hybrids have been extensively investigated, few studies have examined how structural hybrids are constructed and maintained. We address this imbalance by studying university–industry research centers as instances of distinct organizational spaces used to engage with a minority logic. We found that these spaces require three kinds of work: (a) leveraging, where dominant logic practices are drawn on to achieve minority logic objectives; (b) hybridizing, where the practices inside the space are modified to allow engagement with the minority logic; and (c) bolstering, where the space is shielded against excessive minority logic influence and anchored back into the organization. Furthermore, contrary to the existing literature, we found that the spaces were hybrid, rather than being dominated by a single logic. Our finding is likely generalizable across many instances of structural hybrids given the integration problems that organizations with pure single logic spaces would face, combined with the usefulness of hybrid spaces. Our study is novel in revealing the work needed to sustain hybrid spaces and questioning the previously held conceptualization of structural hybrids as made up of single-logic compartments.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2018.1228 .
Museu de momentos: poesia, memória e fotografia em Ana Martins Marques
Authors: Rocha Mariane Pereira , Martins Aulus Mandagará
Published: November 2018

Este ensaio propõe-se a analisar as relações entre poesia, memória e fotografia na obra poética de Ana Martins Marques, particularmente nos poemas “Museu” e “Aparador”, de O livro das semelhanças (2015). Interessa-nos investigar de que modo a temática da memória se apresenta na poesia de Marques, sobretudo no que diz respeito à fotografia enquanto dispositivo de armazenamento do passado. Para tanto, as reflexões de Agamben (2007; 2009) sobre a museificação do mundo e a fotografia servem como suporte teórico desta reflexão.  Verificamos, através deste estudo, que a fotografia, nos poemas de Ana Marques, não apenas procura captar ou registrar os fatos significativos de uma existência, mas sobretudo aquilo que é banal e insignificante, e, até mesmo, aquilo que não foi fotografado. Assim, a poeta propõe um museu de ninharias, de instantes banais, subvertendo o sentido comum atribuído à prática dos museus enquanto locais de armazenamento dos objetos e obras representativas da história e dos movimentos culturais ou artísticos.
À procura da palavra: silêncios
Authors: Oliveira Amaral Lara Luiza , Berloffa Tofalini Luzia Aparecida
Published: November 2018

O homem do nosso século, para evitar o vazio, a mudez e o silêncio, vive rodeado pelos gritos da televisão, pelas buzinas dos automóveis, pelos discursos incessantes de terceiros.  Ao partir do pressuposto de que esse sujeito se encontra na corda bamba do silêncio, equilibrando-se em palavras vagas, imperfeitas, inconclusas e mal posicionadas, correndo o risco de cair dentro de si e escutar o barulho oco do seu interior, é que encetamos esta análise do texto de Uma menina está perdida em seu século à procura do pai, de Gonçalo M. Tavares. Trata-se da inserção de uma menina com trissomia 21 em um mundo caótico de guerra. Na qualidade de leitores, seguimos, em todo o texto, os passos silenciosos dela e de seu companheiro, Marius. Atados pela narrativa fragmentada de Tavares, buscamos demonstrar ocorrências de silêncios que estruturam seu romance. Para tanto, recorremos aos estudos de autores como Sontag (1987), Steiner (1988), Breton (1997), dentre outros.
A gente se acostuma a tudo: os limites da ficção contemporânea
Authors: CHAVES Débora , Sylvestre Fernanda Aquino
Published: November 2018

São muitas as abordagens direcionadas à compreensão do contemporâneo; a própria ficção contemporânea tem sido cada vez mais pesquisada e analisada no campo da literatura e por isso, tem ganhado novas formas e perspectivas dentro do universo investigativo. Através de lugares, experiências, memórias e narrativas, essa ficção vem aumentando seu leque de opção de leitura e de análise, construindo possibilidades bastante significativas, sobretudo no que diz respeito à literatura e ao jogo representacional que a envolve. Nos últimos anos tem surgido textos e produções literárias que questionam, denunciam, reconhecem ou simplesmente, analisam o lugar dessa ficção na contemporaneidade. A partir de três crônicas publicadas no livro A gente se acostuma a tudo, de João Ubaldo Ribeiro, esse artigo propõe um passeio pela narrativa ficcional, a partir de elementos que são reconhecidos em experiências cotidianas que formulam uma troca entre o autor, o narrador e o leitor. Com isso, o objetivo deste artigo é analisar o papel dessa ficção inserida na contemporaneidade, ressaltando traços que se materializam na memória, na representação e nas identidades, usando como base teórica autores como Agamben (2009), Benjamin (1994) e Ricouer (2007).
Apresentação
Authors: Oliveira Paulo César Silva de , Da Conceição Douglas Rodrigues , Do Carmo Claudio
Published: November 2018

Apresentação da Soletras 36.
Resource management in tough times
Authors: Donnison Liam
Published: November 2018

Schools are having to get serious about how they manage their resources. Liam Donnison talks to the leader of a large cross-phase multi-academy trust about their approach to this crucial area
Metacognition strategies
Authors: Bromley Matt
Published: November 2018

The Teaching and Learning Toolkit ranks metacognition and self-regulation practices as among the most effective. Matt Bromley continues his focus on these strategies by offering six teaching approaches for the classroom
O zapomnianym polskim tłumaczeniu tzw. Parafrazy Modlitwy Pańskiej Ludolfa z Saksonii
Authors: Masłej Dorota
Published: November 2018

Celem artykułu jest analiza nieznanego tłumaczenia parafrazy Modlitwy Pańskiej Ludolfa z Saksonii na język wernakularny. Autor proponuje odmienny sposób spojrzenia na glosy do łacińskiego tekstu: nie są one jedynie pojedynczymi dopiskami, ale tworzą artystyczne tłumaczenie łacińskiej podstawy. Całość zapisków jest interpretowana jako tekst otwarty, możliwy do realizacji na kilka sposobów: w całości po łacinie, w całości po polsku oraz jako tekst dwujęzyczny.
Hierarchical Cognition Causes Task-Related Deactivations but Not Just in Default Mode Regions
Authors: Farooqui Ausaf A. , Manly Tom
Published: November 2018

The well-known deactivation of the default mode network (DMN) during external tasks is usually thought to reflect the suppression of internally directed mental activity during external attention. In three experiments with human participants we organized sequences of task events identical in their attentional and control demands into larger task episodes. We found that DMN deactivation across such sequential events was never constant, but was maximum at the beginning of the episode, then decreased gradually across the episode, reaching baseline towards episode completion, with the final event of the episode eliciting an activation. Crucially, this pattern of activity was not limited to a fixed set of DMN regions but, across experiments, was shown by a variable set of regions expected to be uninvolved in processing the ongoing task. This change in deactivation across sequential but identical events showed that the deactivation cannot be related to attentional/control demands which were constant across the episode, instead, it has to be related to some episode related load that was maximal at the beginning and then decreased gradually as parts of the episode got executed. We argue that this load resulted from cognitive programs through which the entire episode was hierarchically executed as one unit. At the beginning of task episodes, programs related to their entire duration is assembled, causing maximal deactivation. As execution proceeds, elements within the program related to the completed parts of the episode dismantle, thereby decreasing the program load and causing a decrease in deactivation.
Letter To The Editor
Authors: Colak Abdurrahim , Kaya Ugur , Ceviz Münacettin , Becit Necip , Sevil Fehimca , Kocak Hikmet
Published: November 2018

We read the letter of F. Rudman et al [Rudman 2017] about our article entitled “Utility of Omentoplasty in Mediastinitis Treatment following Sternotomy” [Colak 2016]. We thank them for their evaluations.
Books Reviewed by: Martin Chandler and Virginia Pow
Authors: Simpkin Sarah
Published: November 2018

Hayes, Derek. Historical Atlas of Early Railways. Madeira Park, BC: Douglas and McIntyre, Ltd., 2017. 320p. $49.95 CDN. ISBN 978-1-77162-175-5.

De Koninck, Rodolphe,  Pham Thanh Hai, and Marc Girard. Singapore’s Permanent Territorial Revolution: Fifty Years in Fifty Maps. Singapore: NUS Press, 2017. 168p.,130 colour maps, 33 b/w images, 16 b/w maps. $50 CND. ISBN 978-981-4722-35-3.
Pediatric Considerations Before, During, and After Radiological or Nuclear Emergencies
Authors: Paulson Jerome A. ,   COUNCIL ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH, Lowry Jennifer Ann , Ahdoot Samantha , Baum Carl R. , Bernstein Aaron S. , Bole Aparna , Byron Lori G. , Landrigan Philip J. , Marcus Steven M. , Pacheco Susan E. , Spanier Adam J. , Woolf Alan D.
Published: November 2018

Infants, children, and adolescents can be exposed unexpectedly to ionizing radiation from nuclear power plant events, improvised nuclear or radiologic dispersal device explosions, or inappropriate disposal of radiotherapy equipment. Children are likely to experience higher external and internal radiation exposure levels than adults because of their smaller body and organ size and other physiologic characteristics, by picking up contaminated items, and through consumption of contaminated milk or foodstuffs. This policy statement and accompanying technical report update the 2003 American Academy of Pediatrics policy statement on pediatric radiation emergencies by summarizing newer scientific knowledge from studies of the Chernobyl and Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant events, use of improvised radiologic dispersal devices, exposures from inappropriate disposal of radiotherapy equipment, and potential health effects from residential proximity to nuclear plants. Policy recommendations are made for providers and governments to improve future responses to these types of events.
Labile technogenic geological system of the flooded Shevchenko salt mine (Ukraine)
Authors: Bosevska L. , Chowdhury Anirban
Published: November 2018

This paper presents the analog ecological-mining-geological model of the labile technogenic geological system created at the Shevchenko flooded salt mine area within Artyomovsk rock salt deposit, which is the largest rock salt deposit in Europe. Description of all the system elements taking into account their interconnection and interaction are presented on the basis of the analytical processing and compilation of basic mining and geological data as well as the results of the long-term complex ecological-mining-geological monitoring.The paper describes both the geology of the mine area and the condition assessment of the mine including its shape, parameters, and layout. In addition, scientific interpretation of the mechanism of multi-act intrasystem destructive processes, which have been taking place in the last few decades are provided. Natural and technogenic factors determining the development of the created technogenic geological system (such as man-made karst and critical geomechanical deformations) are summarized and analysed. Predictive evaluation of the time-dependent deformation processes development has been carried out using theexisting methodology for assessing the geomechanical condition of the mined-out area of the salt massive. Correctness of the method for evaluation of stability of the unsupported workings system currently in use for the Artyomovsk rock salt deposit development has been confirmed. This work concerns the scientific problems of maintenance of the geo-ecological safety in the densely populated areas disturbed by underground salt mining. Hereinabove research results add information and analytical base to improve the deformation control system for ductile salt layers in various dynamic conditions of man-caused and natural loads. It is shown that such control is required for the aim of reduction of environmental risks and ensuring the safe operation of salt deposits, salt resources protection as well as infrastructure objects at the Earth’s surface nearby sites of modern salt mining activity.
Analysis of Territorial Differences of the Social Sphere elements in the Areas of the Carpathian-Podillia Region
Authors: Kuzyshyn A. , Poplavska I.
Published: November 2018

The article is devoted to the problem of the social sphere functioning of the areas in the Carpathian-Podillia region, in particular the emphasis is placed on the differ- entiation of the levels of its individual components, the dynamics of their changes and the complex analysis of functionality. The state of this sphere directly influences the economy and culture of the country and the region, and therefore the sectors of education, health care, culture, housing and communal services, etc. play a significant role in the economic development of the territory. Territorial boundaries of the research are defined within Transcarpathian, Lviv, Ivano-Frankivsk, Chernivtsi, Vinnytsia, Khmelnytskyi and Ternopil regions, among which there are established economic, labor-resource and informational-communicative connections, which also should be considered as the strong side of such cooperation. Several basic components of the social sphere (education, culture, medicine, housing and communal services, trade and mass catering, communication) were selected for studying the differentiation of the social sphere elements of the areas of the Carpathian-Podillia region, for each several criteria were chosen (in general over 20). All suggested criteria represent a qualitative component of functioning: in education. They are the amount of preschool institutions for children, the number of pupils / listeners / students per number of inhabitants. Medical sphere includes the providing the population with doctors, middle medical personnel, hospital beds, planned capacity of outpatient clinics. The sphere of culture deals with the provision of population with cultural institutions and their attendance. The housing and communal services sector embraces the level of equipped apartments and indicator of residential space. Retail and catering services cover the indicators of trade turnover for main groups of goods and providing a decent number of trade areas, the field of communication includes access to communication facilities for different variants of their activity. This allowed analysing the level of formation and functionality of the social sphere individual components of the region in general and in its individual areas. On this basis, the ranking of the areas of the Carpathian- Podillia region was carried out in terms of the social infrastructure elements formation. In addition, a comparative analysis of the social sphere development level to the indicators of the Western Ukrainian region and Ukrainian is provided. Official statistics from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, as well as regional statistical offices, were used for the survey.
Geological and structural prerequisites of gas-bearing capacity and gas hydrate formation in the World Ocean (in terms of the Black Sea)
Authors: Maksymova E. , Kostrytska S.
Published: November 2018

Gas hydrates occurring in the World Ocean are considered as the additional and perspective non-traditional resource of hydrocarbon materials. The proposed classification of deposits as for mining and geological conditions of their occurrence as well as methodological approach to their development and calculation of technological parameters of methane extraction from the World Ocean floor with minimum impact upon the Earth’s hydrosphere is of considerable importance in the context of current studies of new and most prospective source of energy in terms of the available experience gap as for the development of gas hydrate deposits. The approach to search for and explore gas hydrate deposits occurring on and under the World Ocean floor has been suggested; the approach is based upon the regularities of gas hydrate distribution in lithological varieties and geological structures. The necessity to take into consideration the pore space enclosing gas hydrate thicknesses to calculate their reserves has been substantiated. The overview of scientific literature sources summarizingthe results of marine expeditions as well as the analysis of publications of world scientific community dealing with the studies of gas hydrates has made it possible to determine that gas hydrate deposits are associated to the zones of jointing of continental plates and oceanic troughs. In their turn, those zones, due to different genesis, are made up of the corresponding various products of sedimentary rock accumulations. Detailed analysis of the Black Sea floor structure has been performed. Three geomorphological zones have been singled out; basic types of gas-bearing capacity manifestation and methane liberation from the interior have been represented. Quantitative evaluation of methane content in gas hydrate deposits has been given taking into account the detected ones. Data concerning gas-bearing capacity of the Black Sea floor proved by the map of mud volcanoes location within the areas of gas hydrate sampling have been considered. That was the basis to analyze peculiarities of the formation of bottom-sediment gas hydrates basing upon genetic origin of lithological composition of their enclosing rocks and their structures in terms of the Black Sea floor. Relation between the features of the World Ocean floor structure and the distribution of gas hydrate deposits has been determined. Theoretical approach to search for and explore gas hydrate deposits both in the Black Sea and in the World Ocean has been developed and proposed. Interaction between different zones of the World Ocean floor and types of gas hydrate deposits based upon the compositions of their enclosing rock has been shown. Lithological composition of the rocks enclosing gas hydrates has been analyzedin detail. That will make it possible to determine the type of any specific deposit and elaborate technological scheme to open and develop methane-containing gas hydrate deposits.
The main problems of healthcare and wellness tourism in Ukraine
Authors: Shablii O. , Zastavetska L. , Dudarchuk K. , Illiash I. , Smochko N.
Published: November 2018

The data of the conducted research testify to the high potential of Ukraine, taking into account factors such as favourable climate, location near two seas and rich natural resources for healthcare and wellness tourism. Significant weaknesses have been identified, which consist of an outdated infrastructure of healthcare and wellness enter- prises and the narrow range of services provided by them. Only 67% of the total number of establishments of the sanatorium and resort complex have service departments inside, but even if they are available, most of the health-improvement facilities according to the requirements of the National Standard for Accommodation do not even correspond to category 1. In the course of the conducted research, methods of statistical analysis were applied to study the dynamics of the number of sanatoria and health facilities in Ukraine and the number of tourists. Methods for diagnosing the state of development and modeling (including SWOT analysis, cluster approach) were used to study the functioning of tourist territories of different taxonomic ranks. It was found on the basis of study that although Ukraine has all the resources for the development of healthcare tourism, it is still a depressed industry owing to numerous problems. The materials of this research can become a practical basis for the development of this kind of tourism. The main problems of development of tourist infrastructure of healthcare tourism are described. The directions of its development are proposed: construction of new hotels, recreation centers, shelters, hotels, camping sites, etc. and reconstruction of available accommodation facilities. It was found that a similar situation is observed in the places of public catering (their significant insufficiency negatively affects the development of this sphere of tourism ). It is proposed to create an innovative cluster of health-improving type on mono-territories, which will allow the best possible social and economic development projects to be designed and implemented, as well as helping to effectively build and implement a strategy for long-term development of the territory, which has favourable conditions for sanatorium and resort treatment
Dynamics of ecological stability of small towns in Kyiv region
Authors: Yukhnovskyi V. , Zibtseva O.
Published: November 2018

The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive assessment and comparative analysis of the ecological balance of territories of the three key smalltowns in Kyiv region: Boyarka, Vyshneve and Irpin, as well as tracking the dynamics of ecological stability of the towns` territories in the system of general planning. The following indicators of anthropogenic transformation and natural protection of urban areas were calculatedaccording to known methodsbased on data available from the towns` new Master Plans: coefficients of anthro- pogenic impact, anthropogenic transformation, nature protection, and ecological stability, absolute and relative tension of the ecological and economic state. The rationality of general planning in terms of ecological balance of urban areas is estimated. The study established that the territory of the town Irpin is characterized by moderate anthropogenic impact, while Boyarka and Vyshneve demonstrated a high level of anthropogenic impact. The total area of the environmental fund on the territory of cities ranges from 13.9% (Vyshneve) to 47.5% (Irpin) of the total area of their territories, which is insufficient in all cases. Currently, the territory of Irpin is the most balanced in comparison with other towns. Implementation of the new Master Plans of the cities will improve the ecological balance of the Boyarka and Irpin areas; improvement in Boyarka will be notably extensive due to the expansion of the city boundaries by a threefold increase in the town`s area. The projected general development of Vyshneve will worsen the ecological balance of its territory, despite the foreseen expansion of its boundaries. The pressure from the ecological and economic status of the territories is not balanced by the degree of anthropogenic impact and the potential of the sustainability of nature. For the territory of towns, the potential for sustainability of nature is significantly exceeded and requires the expansion of the environment of a stabilizing group of lands. The areas of towns within the existing boundaries are environmentally unstable, the tensions in the ecological and economic conditions of the territories are not balanced, which testify to their ineffective organization. A significant correlation has been found between the calculated coefficients and the area percentage of the environmental fund of urban areas. The obtained data testifies to the expediency of using the indicated eco-geographical indicators within the system of general planning in order to optimize prospective solutions.
Посівні якості насіння найпоширеніших у західному регіоні України видів гіркокаштанів
Authors: Guz Mykola , Geval Volodymyr
Published: November 2018

У зелених насадженнях різних видів і типів західного регіону України найпоширенішими є чотири види гіркокаштанів: Aesculus hippocastanum L., Aesculus  pavіa L., Aesculus octаndra Marsh та Aesculus  carnea Hayne. Для цих видів гіркокаштанів здійснено комплекс досліджень з визначення посівних якостей насіння – чистоти, доброякісності, вологості, маси 1000 насінин, технічної і ґрунтової схожості, енергії проростання та посівної придатності. Насінню досліджуваних видів гіркокаштанів властиві високий рівень чистоти (94,4-96,7%) і доброякісності (83,0-97%) та значна варіабельність середньої маси 1000 шт. насінин (8,8-20,2 кг). Найвищим рівнем технічної схожості, незалежно від типу субстрату, вирізняється насіння A. pavіa (78,0-87,0%), найменшим – A. carnea (52,0-60,0%).

 Досліджено динаміку доброякісності та технічної схожості насіння впродовж 2000-2017 рр. Для видів A. pavіa, A. octаndra та A. carnea такі дослідження здійснено вперше.

У лісових і декоративних розсадниках рекомендовано використовувати уточнену норму висівання насіння A. hippocastanum: 375-400 г/м для осінньої  і 430-460 г/м – для весняної сівби. Вперше обґрунтовано норму висівання насіння для трьох видів гіркокаштанів (A. оctаndra, A.pavіa, A. carnea ) для осінньої і весняної сівби, відповідно, 340-400 та 400-460 г/м; 220-265  і 250-300 г/м; 600-700  і 690-800 г/м посівного рядка.
Silence or alignment. Organized crime and government as primary definers of news in Mexico
Authors: González Rubén Arnoldo
Published: November 2018

The aim of this article is to explain, through the concept of Conflict Discourse System, the influence that Mexican government and organized crime exert on the news-making process. The results of the analysis prove that, considered as sources of information, authorities and cartels frequently determine the agenda and framing of the coverage of their activities. This the outcome of the use of bribes and/or violence. As a result, at the moment of covering these beats, journalists frequently are obliged to choose between silence or alignment. Therefore, rather than reporters, members of the government and drug lords have become the primary definers of news.
Watching and Acting Together: Concurrent Plan Recognition and Adaptation for Human-Robot Teams
Authors: Levine Steven James , Williams Brian Charles
Published: November 2018

There is huge demand for robots to work alongside humans in heterogeneous teams. To achieve a high degree of fluidity, robots must be able to (1) recognize their human co-worker's intent, and (2) adapt to this intent accordingly, providing useful aid as a teammate. The literature to date has made great progress in these two areas -- recognition and adaptation -- but largely as separate research activities. In this work, we present a unified approach to these two problems, in which recognition and adaptation occur concurrently and holistically within the same framework. We introduce Pike, an executive for human-robot teams, that allows the robot to continuously and concurrently reason about what a human is doing as execution proceeds, as well as adapt appropriately. The result is a mixed-initiative execution where humans and robots interact fluidly to complete task goals.Key to our approach is our task model: a contingent, temporally-flexible team-plan with explicit choices for both the human and robot. This allows a single set of algorithms to find implicit constraints between sets of choices for the human and robot (as determined via causal link analysis and temporal reasoning), narrowing the possible decisions a rational human would take (hence achieving intent recognition) as well as the possible actions a robot could consistently take (hence achieving adaptation). Pike makes choices based on the preconditions of actions in the plan, temporal constraints, unanticipated disturbances, and choices made previously (by either agent).Innovations of this work include (1) a framework for concurrent intent recognition and adaptation for contingent, temporally-flexible plans, (2) the generalization of causal links for contingent, temporally-flexible plans along with related extraction algorithms, and (3) extensions to a state-of-the-art dynamic execution system to utilize these causal links for decision making.
Cooperative, Dynamics-based, and Abstraction-Guided Multi-robot Motion Planning
Authors: Le Duong , Plaku Erion
Published: November 2018

This paper presents an effective, cooperative, and probabilistically-complete multi-robot motion planner that enables each robot to move to a desired location while avoiding collisions with obstacles and other robots. The approach takes into account not only the geometric constraints arising from collision avoidance, but also the differential constraints imposed by the motion dynamics of each robot. This makes it possible to generate collision-free and dynamically-feasible trajectories that can be executed in the physical world.The salient aspect of the approach is the coupling of sampling-based motion planning to handle the complexity arising from the obstacles and robot dynamics with multi-agent search to find solutions over a suitable discrete abstraction. The discrete abstraction is obtained by constructing roadmaps to solve a relaxed problem that accounts for the obstacles but not the dynamics. Sampling-based motion planning expands a motion tree in the composite state space of all the robots by adding collision-free and dynamically-feasible trajectories as branches. Efficiency is obtained by using multi-agent search to find non-conflicting routes over the discrete abstraction which serve as heuristics to guide the motion-tree expansion. When little or no progress is made, the routes are penalized and the multi-agent search is invoked again to find alternative routes. This synergistic coupling makes it possible to effectively plan collision-free and dynamically-feasible motions that enable each robot to reach its goal. Experiments using vehicle models with nonlinear dynamics operating in complex environments, where cooperation among robots is required, show significant speedups over related work.
Robust Text Classification under Confounding Shift
Authors: Landeiro Virgile , Culotta Aron
Published: November 2018

As statistical classifiers become integrated into real-world applications, it is important to consider not only their accuracy but also their robustness to changes in the data distribution. Although identifying and controlling for confounding variables Z - correlated with both the input X of a classifier and its output Y - has been assiduously studied in empirical social science, it is often neglected in text classification. This can be understood by the fact that, if we assume that the impact of confounding variables does not change between the time we fit a model and the time we use it, then prediction accuracy should only be slightly affected. We show in this paper that this assumption often does not hold and that when the influence of a confounding variable changes from training time to prediction time (i.e. under confounding shift), the classifier accuracy can degrade rapidly. We use Pearl's back-door adjustment as a predictive framework to develop a model robust to confounding shift under the condition that Z is observed at training time. Our approach does not make any causal conclusions but by experimenting on 6 datasets, we show that our approach is able to outperform baselines 1) in controlled cases where confounding shift is manually injected between fitting time and prediction time 2) in natural experiments where confounding shift appears either abruptly or gradually 3) in cases where there is one or multiple confounders. Finally, we discuss multiple issues we encountered during this research such as the effect of noise in the observation of Z and the importance of only controlling for confounding variables.
A Complexity Approach for Core-Selecting Exchange under Conditionally Lexicographic Preferences
Authors: Fujita Etsushi , Lesca Julien , Sonoda Akihisa , Todo Taiki , Yokoo Makoto
Published: November 2018

Core-selection is a crucial property of rules in the literature of resource allocation. It is also desirable, from the perspective of mechanism design, to address the incentive of agents to cheat by misreporting their preferences. This paper investigates the exchange problem where (i) each agent is initially endowed with (possibly multiple) indivisible goods, (ii) agents' preferences are assumed to be conditionally lexicographic, and (iii) side payments are prohibited. We propose an exchange rule called augmented top-trading-cycles (ATTC), based on the original TTC procedure. We first show that ATTC is core-selecting and runs in polynomial time with respect to the number of goods. We then show that finding a beneficial misreport under ATTC is NP-hard. We finally clarify relationship of misreporting with splitting and hiding, two different types of manipulations, under ATTC.
Quantitative affinity parameters of synthetic hydroxyapatite and enamel surfaces in vitro
Authors: Fabritius-Vilpoux Kathia , Enax Joachim , Herbig Michael , Raabe Dierk , Fabritius Helge-Otto
Published: November 2018

Particulate synthetic hydroxyapatite (HAP) is rapidly gaining importance as a biomimetic agent in oral care products. The prerequisite for an adequate effect of the treatment is an efficient attachment of the HAP particles to the tooth substance. However, quantitative data about the interaction and affinity parameters involved are scarce. The authors used an in vitro approach with standardized bovine tooth enamel surfaces and aqueous dispersions of chemically pure synthetic HAP particles as a model system. Structural characterization of the HAP powder using high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows that the particles are micrometer-sized stable clusters of crystallites that closely resemble the structure of natural enamel. Using SEM image analysis, the authors investigated the influence of HAP particle concentration and particle size on the efficiency of attachment to bovine tooth enamel based on pure mineral–mineral interaction. The results show that both play an important role and can be tailored for optimizing the efficiency of corresponding oral care formulations. The results also reveal the presence of structures resembling mineral bridges at the interfaces between HAP particles and enamel that provide indications for possible interaction mechanisms.
The combined effects of multisized silver nanoparticles and pulsed magnetic field on K. pneumoniae
Authors: El-Khatib Ahmed Mohamed , Khalil Alaa Mahmoud , El-Kaliuoby Mai Ismail , Elkhatib Mostafa
Published: November 2018

Silver nanoparticles have been shown to have antimicrobial effects and remarkable disinfection efficacy against a range of water microorganisms. In the present work, Klebsiella pneumoniae was used as a water treatment model, as it survives in a wide range of water environments. Silver nanoparticles of higher stability and different sizes were synthesized by the arc discharge method. The combination of 30 min exposure to 0·32 mT, 20 Hz pulsed magnetic field and treatment with silver nanoparticles with serial concentrations (10:500 parts per million) and different sizes (94, 38 and 17 nm) was used to study the antibacterial effects against K. pneumoniae. Confirmation of silver nanoparticles by using an ultraviolet–visible spectrometer, a particle size analyzer and a high-resolution transmission electron microscope depicted three sizes (∼94, ∼38 and ∼17 nm) at rotational speeds (0, 350 and 950 revolutions/min, respectively). The antibacterial results indicated serially more inhibition of bacterial growth with increase in silver nanoparticle concentration, with the maximum effect of more than 70% inhibition produced by 17 nm silver nanoparticles. Particularly, the combination of pulsed magnetic field and silver nanoparticles (17 nm) indicated significant enhancement in growth inhibition by 56·7% compared to each alone. The study presents a new trend for water disinfection with significant impact of such combination effects on K. pneumoniae with low silver nanoparticle concentrations and less toxicity.