bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The mRNA vaccine BNT162b2 demonstrates impaired TH1 immunogenicity in human elders in vitro and aged mice in vivo
Authors: Brook Byron , Fatou Benoit , Checkervarty Abhinav , Barman Soumik , Sweitzer Cali , Bosco Anna-Nicole , Sherman Amy , Baden Lindsey (R) , Morrocchi Elena , Sanchez-Schmitz Guzman , Palma Paolo , Nanishi Etsuro , O'Meara Timothy , McGrath Marisa , Frieman Matthew , Soni Dheeraj , Haren Simon van , Ozonoff Al , Diray-Arce Joann , Steen Hanno , Dowling David , Levy Ofer
Published: December 2022

mRNA vaccines have been key to addressing the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic but have impaired immunogenicity and durability in vulnerable older populations. We evaluated the mRNA vaccine BNT162b2 in human in vitro whole blood assays with supernatants from adult (18-50 years) and elder (≥60 years) participants measured by mass spectrometry and proximity extension assay proteomics. BNT162b2 induced increased expression of soluble proteins in adult blood (e.g., C1S, PSMC6, CPN1), but demonstrated reduced proteins in elder blood (e.g., TPM4, APOF, APOC2, CPN1, and PI16), including 30-85% lower induction of TH1-polarizing cytokines and chemokines (e.g., IFNγ, and CXCL10). Elder TH1 impairment was validated in mice in vivo and associated with impaired humoral and cellular immunogenicity. Our study demonstrates the utility of a human in vitro platform to model age-specific mRNA vaccine activity, highlights impaired TH1 immunogenicity in older adults, and provides rationale for developing enhanced mRNA vaccines with greater immunogenicity in vulnerable populations.
Ground state solutions for a class of fractional Kirchhoff-Choquard equations
Authors: yang jie , liu lintao , chen haibo
Published: December 2022

Note: Please see pdf for full abstract with equations.
We study the following fractional Kirchhoff-Choquard equation
(a + b∫RN |(−Δ)s/2u|2dx)(−Δ)su + V(x)u = (Iμ ∗ F(u))ƒ(u), in RN,
u ∈ Hs(RN),
where a, b are positive constants, N ≥ 3s, μ ∈ (N − 2s,N), s ∈ (0, 1), Iμ is the Riesz potential. Under certain assumptions on V and ƒ, combing a monotonicity trick and global compactness lemma, we prove that the equation has a ground state solution.
2000 Mathematics Subject Classification. 35R11, 49J35.
WITHDRAWN: The Impact of Innovative Human Resources Management on Organizational Performance: A Systematic Review
Authors: Dawsari Fahid ,   Najim Mukhtar1
Published: December 2022

This study provides a brief overview of the research on novel approaches to HRM. When it comes to creative HRM, a review of 47 articles reveals three main schools of thought. HRM innovation is, at its most basic, just that. Another area of study is how human resource management handles novelty. Third, the term "innovative HRM" can be found in business studies of inventiveness. Each of these three methods is discussed, as well as their theoretical foundations. The note concludes with a discussion of the implications for future research and practice.
Establishment of Tall Fescue Seeded after Postemergence Broadleaf Herbicide Application
Authors: McFadden Dani , Fry Jack , Keeley Steve
Published: December 2022

Successful weed control before seeding is necessary for proper turfgrass establishment. However, herbicide labels differ in the time required between application and seeding. The objective of this research was to determine the influence of four postemergence broadleaf combination herbicides on tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) cover, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and canopy height when seeded 0, 3, 7, and 14 days after herbicide application. Herbicide treatments included the following: 1) a nontreated control; 2) 0.03 lb/acre carfentrazone-ethyl + 0.09 lb/acre methylchlorophenoxypropionic acid (MCPP) + 1.44 lb/acre 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) + 0.30 lb/acre dicamba; 3) 0.20 lb/acre fluroxypyr + 0.01 lb/acre halauxifen-methyl + 1.44 lb/acre 2,4-D choline; 4) 0.20 lb/acre triclopyr + 0.003 lb/acre pyraflufen-ethyl + 1.72 lb/acre 2,4-D + 0.14/acre dicamba; and 5) 0.04 lb/acre penoxsulam + 0.04 lb/acre sulfentrazone + 0.40 lb/acre 2,4-D + 0.11 lb/acre dicamba. Penoxsulam + sulfentrazone + 2,4-D + dicamba reduced tall fescue cover, NDVI, and canopy height compared with the nontreated. This research demonstrates seeding between 0 to 14 days after an application of carfentrazone-ethyl + MCPP + 2,4-D + dicamba, fluroxypyr + halauxifen-methyl + 2,4-D choline, or triclopyr + pyraflufen-ethyl + 2,4-D + dicamba will result in successful tall fescue establishment under the conditions evaluated in these experiments.
Optical and reconstructive surgery of a patient with a contusion damage of the eyeball and iridodialysis of 180 degrees: a clinical case
Authors: Sobolev N. P. , Teplovodskaya V. V. , Soboleva M. A. , Kornienko A. Yu. , Sudakova E. P.
Published: December 2022

Traumatic eyeball damages is a topical issue in present-day ophthalmology as they constitute one of the main causes of vision loss in people of working age. Purpose: to assess the feasibilty, effectiveness and safety of one-time early-stage microinvasive optical reconstructive surgery of a patient with traumatic eyeball damage consequences: a swelling cataract, lens ligamentous apparatus defect, iridodialysis, and traumatic mydriasis. Material and methods. Patient V., 27, was under observation with the following diagnosis: “OS — condition after a contusion damage to the eyeball: traumatic swelling cataract; stage II subluxation of the lens; traumatic mydriasis, iridodialysis of 180 degrees”. OS visual acuity — correct light projection. The patient underwent an ORO of the left eye: phacoaspiration of a swelling cataract with implantation of an intracapsular ring and an intraocular lens in combination with closed iridoplasty. Results. No intraoperative complications took place. In the postoperative period, the best corrected visual acuity was 0.6, IOP remained stable, the lens was centered in the capsular bag, the iris sutures were consistent, the pupil rounded, centered, 4 mm in diameter. The patient felt satisfied with the cosmetic and functional result of surgery. Conclusion. One-time iridoplasty in combination with cataract surgery is an effective and safe method of surgical treatment of traumatically damaged iris and lens.
The role of thrombocytopenia in the clinical management of patients with liver cirrhosis: opinion of experts in therapeutic and surgical hepatology
Authors: Maevskaya M. V. , Bessonova E. N. , Geyvandova N. I. , Kitsenko E. A. , Korochanskaia N. V. , Morozov V. G. , Khoronko Y. V.
Published: December 2022

Seven of the country’s leading  experts  in the field of therapeutic and surgical hepatology answer  questions on this issue: how relevant  is thrombocytopenia in patients with CLD for clinical practice, what  is the  average  proportion  of patients who need correction  of thrombocytopenia before scheduled and emergency  surgical/invasive interventions and how is thrombocytopenia correction  performed. All experts  are unanimous in the opinion that thrombocytopenia is most common at the stage  of cirrhosis. Further, the experts  discussed  the issues of the total number of patients with CLD, the proportion  of patients with thrombocytopenia at all, the proportion  of patients with thrombocytopenia in need of surgical interventions, the experts were asked to provide schemes  for correcting  thrombocytopenia, which they use in their  clinical practice. The focus of the  experts’ attention was on the discussion of patients who have a platelet level of less than 50 000/µl and need scheduled surgical interventions / invasive procedures. All experts  unanimously stratify these  interventions according to the risk of hemorrhagic complications:  high – more than  1.5%, low – less than  1.5%. The most common and available  method  for the correction  of thrombocytopenia at present is platelet transfusion. Details of all this information, as well as statistical data, can be found in this article.
Network Frame Hostile Encounter in Russian Internet Comments
Authors: Devyatiyarov Dmitriy
Published: December 2022

The article deals with the structure and content of the network frame hostile encounter in the Internet comments to a Russian video that featured the special military operation in Ukraine. The current political situation has turned many Internet resources into a platform of information-psychological warfare. Network discourse is anonymous and moderated by the resource owners. For instance, YouTube videos and comments can have a manipulative effect on Internet users, who develop certain mental frames as a result of interaction of mental and language structures. Charles Fillmore defined frames as structured knowledge that unites elements and associations related to specific cultural realities, situations, and events from human experience. The author believes that Internet comments may shape certain network variants of frames. The analysis of the network frame hostile encounter made it possible to identify the lexical units that make up its core, as well as to analyze the content of its obligatory and non-obligatory elements within the linguistics of information-psychological warfare.
The fourth generation of numerical modelling in hydraulics
Authors: Abbott Michael B. , Havnø Karsten , Lindberg Sten
Published: December 2022

First-generation modelling was concerned only with computer adaptations of established, human-friendly methods. In second-generation modelling, on the other hand, methods were used that were more specifically “computer friendly”, even if “human-unfriendly” (e.g., finite-difference and finite-element methods). In third-generation modelling, these methods were incorporated into modelling systems, or “shells”, with which a model of any area could be constructed and run automatically by the system when provided with a suitably-formatted description of the area and its ancillary conditions. During the course of the second- and third-generation developments, however, modelling became an increasingly specialised and hermetic activity, confined for most practical purposes to computational-hydraulics experts. The fourth generation then builds on this earlier development, but in such a way as to provide modelling systems that can be used by professional engineers who are not computational-hydraulicsexperts.

The paper describes a typical system for fourth-generation modelling, it outlines the manner of transformation of a third-generation system into a fourth-generation system, and it discusses some of the limits of fourth-generation modelling. It is emphasised that fourth-generation modelling demands a serious research commitment that is, however, not scientific research in its usually-understood sense.
Sustained effectiveness evaluation two years after two water systems were installed in Haitian communities
Authors: Sagar Shruti , DiMascio-Donohue Dorothy , Rayner Justine , Gallandat Karin , Ritter Michael , Joseph Myriam Leandre , Lantagne Daniele
Published: December 2022

As a 2010 earthquake and cholera response project, in 2013–2014, an international non-governmental organization, working with local organizations, installed water systems in two Haitian communities. In 2016, 2 years after installation, we conducted a mixed-methods evaluation to assess sustained effectiveness, including 20 infrastructure assessments, 199 household surveys, water quality testing, 30 key informant interviews, and financial analysis of two water committee records. One of 14 (7.1%) installed kiosks were functional during the evaluation, with 42–60% of survey respondents near installed sources reporting using system water for drinking. No household water sample had detectable chlorine residual and non-detectable E. coli, except when household water treatment was reported. Informants expressed appreciation for the project, and discussed difficulties with operations, maintenance, and community engagement. Revenue was initially sufficient for operations and maintenance, although not sustainable because lack of trust led to poor quality service and then lack of payment. While the functional kiosks did provide water to some residents, overall project sustained effectiveness was not reached due to operational and maintenance issues, and lack of governance and community engagement. We recommend future implementers of small-scale water systems in complex contexts like Haiti plan for the technical and social components necessary for sustained effectiveness.
Municipal wastewater treatment with corrugated PVC carrier anaerobic baffled reactor
Authors: Ullah Nadeem , Sheikh Zeshan , Badshah Malik
Published: December 2022

The anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) is a promising solution for decentralized wastewater treatment due to its low operation cost as compared to the activated sludge process, but it requires comparatively higher hydraulic retention time (HRT). This ultimately increases land requirement, capital and construction cost of treatment plant. This study investigates performance of ABR using polyvinyl chloride (PVC) corrugated pipe as carrier media to improve biomass retention capacity and treatment performance of reactor with the aim to reduce HRT. Comparative performance of two ABRs with and without carrier media was analyzed under mesophilic conditions (35 ± 1 °C) for organics and total suspended solids (TSS) removal at HRTs of 24, 18, 12, 8, 6 and 4 h. Results showed that at HRTs of 24–08 h, the organics removal performance of the carrier anaerobic baffled reactor (CABR) was better than ABR and was in the range of 77–81% for CABR as compared to 64–70% for ABR. However, on further decrease in HRT to 6 h, CABR sustained the treatment with organics removal of 80%, while ABR performance reduced to 58%, creating a performance difference of 38%. Average total suspended solids (TSS) removal was in the range of 76–83% at all HRTs for both reactors. Therefore, this study identified CABR with PVC carrier media as an effective low-HRT reactor for organics and SS removal with less land area requirement.
Monthly precipitation prediction in Luoyang city based on EEMD-LSTM-ARIMA model
Authors: Zhao Jiwei , Nie Guangzheng , Wen Yihao
Published: December 2022

At present, the method of using coupled models to model different frequency subseries of precipitation series separately for prediction is still lacking in the research of precipitation prediction, thus in this paper, a coupled model based on Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD), Long Short-Term Memory neural network (LSTM) and Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) is proposed for month-by-month precipitation prediction. The monthly historical precipitation data of Luoyang City from 1973 to 2021 were used to build the model, and the modal components of different frequencies obtained by EEMD decomposition were divided into high-frequency series part and low-frequency series part using the Permutation Entropy (PE) algorithm, the LSTM model is used to predict the high-frequency sequence part, while the ARIMA model is used to predict the low-frequency sequence part. Monthly precipitation forecasts are obtained by superimposing the results of the two models. Finally, the predictive performance is evaluated using several assessment metrics. The indicators show that the model predictive performance outperforms the EMD-LSTM (Empirical Mode Decomposition), EEMD-LSTM, EEMD-ARIMA combined models and the single models, and the model has high confidence in the prediction results of future precipitation.
Importancia de la ética empresarial en los colaboradores de la corporación Corrales - Lima, 2022
Authors: Seminario Unzueta Randall Jesús , Pomaquispe Vargas John Teodosio , Mendez Tunquipa María  Angelica , Castro Huaman Enrique , Tam Wong Fernando Luis
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: Determinar la importancia de la ética empresarial en los colaboradores de la corporación CORRALES - Lima, 2022. Materiales y métodos: El estudio de esta investigación está centrado en un enfoque cuantitativo, de un corte transversal e incluso es una investigación no experimental; en vista de que, se trata de una investigación que no hace variar de manera intencional la variable autónoma para visualizar su efecto sobre otras, además es de nivel descriptivo, es por eso que solo se observara el fenómeno tal cual, en su forma natural, para luego analizarlo. Para este estudio se considera una población de 50 colaboradores, con un tamaño de muestra de 45 colaboradores. Resultados: Al aplicar la estadística descriptiva se determinó que en la corporación CORRALES Lima – 2022; tan solo, el 51,11% manifestó que a veces se refleja la ética en la empresa; además el 33,3% manifestó que casi nunca se refleja una adecuada gestión de la dirección empresarial, con respecto a delegar funciones y establecer propósitos para que la empresa pueda desarrollarse y generar un crecimiento continuo; incluso el 57,8% manifestó que a veces se refleja que la empresa demuestra la función empresarial; solo el 82,2% manifestó que casi nunca se tomó malas decisiones empresariales. Conclusiones: Los resultados han demostrado que la totalidad de los 45 colaboradores de la empresa CORRALES SAC a veces muestra una ética adecuada en función de la empresa
Desafios de implementação e reforma no Ensino Médio
Authors: Vieira Sofia Lerche , Andrade Francisca Rejane Bezerra , Vidal Eloisa Maia
Published: December 2022

Este artigo objetiva fomentar uma reflexão acerca da complexa articulação entre a formulação e implementação de políticas no contexto educacional cearense. De abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa e de natureza descritiva e explicativa, constitui-se um estudo de caso e discute os três principais tipos de oferta – ensino médio regular, ensino médio integrado à educação profissional e ensino médio em tempo integral – apresentando dados sobre a distribuição de matrículas nos últimos sete anos. Argumenta-se que o modelo implementado contribui para a manutenção e aprofundamento de desigualdades educacionais no interior da rede, criando subredes com status distintos. Para além dessas reflexões, são feitas considerações sobre o desafio da reforma desta etapa da educação básica, diante de uma realidade de 74 municípios cearenses que possuem apenas uma escola de ensino médio. Passados cinco anos da aprovação da lei nacional de reforma do ensino médio, sua implementação revela-se improvável em parte significativa do território cearense.
Dysregulation of Angiopoietin-like-4 Associated with Hyperlipidemia-induced
Renal Injury by AMPK/ACC Pathway
Authors: Liu Qingquan , Lv YongMan , Qiu Wenhui , Huang Luyang , Li YueQiang
Published: December 2022

Background:

Angiopoietin-like protein 4 (Angptl4) is a glycoprotein that is involved in regulating lipid metabolism, which has been indicated as a link between hypertriglyceridemia and albuminuria in glomerulonephropathy. Deregulated lipid metabolism is increasingly recognized as an important risk factor of glomerulonephropathy. This study aimed to investigate the Angptl4 expression in renal tissue and podocyte under hyperlipidemia conditions and explore the potential molecular mechanisms.

Objective:

The role of Angptl4 in hyperlipidemia-induced glomerular disease and the detailed underlying mechanisms are unclear. This study sought new insights into this issue.

Methods:

We measured Angptl4 levels in the plasma and urine from patients with hyperlipidemia and healthy people. Rats were fed a high fat diet (HFD) to induce dyslipidemia model and the human podocytes were stimulated by palmitic acid as in vivo and in vitro experiments. The podocytes injury and the Angptl4 level in renal tissues were evaluated. Furthermore, the mechanism of Angptl4 on podocytes injury was investigated.

Results:

The urinary Angptl4 level was gradually upregulated in both patients with hyperlipidaemia and high fat-diet-induced rats. HFD rats showed increased 24h-urinary protein and glomerular tuft area at week 12. The levels of nephrin and WT-1 were down-regulated, but the Angptl4 levels were markedly upregulated on the glomerular of rats on HFD. In the human podocytes, lipid accumulation accompanied by increases of Angptl4, but the expression of nephrin, WT-1, p-AMPKα and p-ACC was decreased after palmitic acid treatment. However, this injury effect was mediated by the aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1β-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR), activator of the low energy sensor AMPK/ACC signaling.

Conclusion:

This study was the first of its kind to show that podocyte damage induced by dyslipidemia could be associated with upregulated Angptl4 and that patients with hyperlipidemia might have relatively high urinary Angptl4 expression. The dysregulation of Angptl4 in the podocytes under hyperlipidemia is possibly carried out through AMPK/ACC signaling pathway.
Epigenetic Regulation in Urothelial Carcinoma
Authors: Li Ke , Qi Lin , Tang Guyu , Xu Haozhe , Li Zhi , Fan Bo , Li Zhongbei , Li Yuan
Published: December 2022

Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is a common malignancy that remains a clinical
challenge: Non-muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma (NMIUC) has a high rate of recurrence
and risk of progression, while muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma (MIUC) has
a high mortality. Although some new treatments, such as immunotherapies, have
shown potential effects on some patients, most cases of advanced UC remain incurable.
While treatments based on epigenetic mechanisms, whether combined with traditional
platinum-based chemotherapy or emerging immunotherapy, show therapeutic
advantages. With the advancement of sequencing and bioinformatics, the study of
epigenomics, containing DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling,
and non-coding RNA, is increasingly linked with the occurrence and progression
of UC. Since the epigenetics of UC is a constantly developing field of medicine, this
review aims to summarize the latest research on epigenetic regulation of UC, generalize
the mechanism of epigenetics in UC, and reveal the potential epigenetic therapies
in the clinical setting, in order to provide some new clues on the discovery of new
drugs based on the epigenetics.
Self Nanoelmusifying Drug Delivery System of Rosuvastatin: Bioavailability
Evaluation and In vitro – In vivo Correlation
Authors: Phan Nghia Thi , Tran Yen Thi Hai , Nguyen Linh Tran , Hoang Yen Kieu , Bui Cuong Khac , Nguyen Hoa Dang , Vu Giang Thi Thu
Published: December 2022

Background:

Rosuvastatin, most commonly used in the form of calcium salt, belongs to the
statin groups of synthetic antihyperlipidemic agents. Rosuvastatin possesses high permeability, however,
its aqueous solubility is poor, causing a slow dissolution rate in water. Consequently, this dissolution
rate has a decisive role in the release and absorption of rosuvastatin in the gastrointestinal tube.

Objective:

The aims of this study were to evaluate the absorption of the drug from the self-nano emulsifying
drug delivery system of rosuvastatin (Ros SNEDDS) compared to rosuvastatin substance and to
develop a level-A in vitro-in vivo correlation (IVIVC) for Ros SNEDDS.

Methods:

An in-house developed LC-MS/MS method was used to determine the concentrations of
rosuvastatin in dog plasma. Six beagle dogs received an intravenous dose, Ros SNEDDS, rosuvastatin
substance. In vitro dissolution of the Ros SNEDDS was carried out with different conditions. Correlation
models were developed from the dissolution and absorption results of Ros SNEDDS.

Results:

The results showed a 1.7-fold enhanced oral bioavailability and 2.1-time increase of rosuvastatin
Cmax in Ros SNEDDS form, compared to the rosuvastatin substance. A 900 ml dissolution medium
of pH of 6.6 has demonstrated its suitability, the in vitro dissolution model was studied and supported
by the Weibull equation with a weighting factor of 1/y2 as it presented the lowest values of AIC.

Conclusion:

Ros SNEDDS demonstrated higher bioavailability of rosuvastatin in comparison to
rosuvastatin substance and established a level A IVIVC used in future bioequivalence trials.
Modelling the Interplay Between Neuron-Glia Cell Dysfunction and Glial
Therapy in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Unnisa Aziz , Greig Nigel H. , Kamal Mohammad Amjad
Published: December 2022

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complicated, interpersonally defined, static condition
of the underdeveloped brain. Although the aetiology of autism remains unclear, disturbance of neuronglia
interactions has lately been proposed as a significant event in the pathophysiology of ASD. In recent
years, the contribution of glial cells to autism has been overlooked. In addition to neurons, glial
cells play an essential role in mental activities, and a new strategy that emphasises neuron-glia interactions
should be applied. Disturbance of neuron-glia connections has lately been proposed as a significant
event in the pathophysiology of ASD because aberrant neuronal network formation and dysfunctional
neurotransmission are fundamental to the pathology of the condition. In ASD, neuron and glial
cell number changes cause brain circuits to malfunction and impact behaviour. A study revealed that
reactive glial cells result in the loss of synaptic functioning and induce autism under inflammatory
conditions. Recent discoveries also suggest that dysfunction or changes in the ability of microglia to
carry out physiological and defensive functions (such as failure in synaptic elimination or aberrant microglial
activation) may be crucial for developing brain diseases, especially autism. The cerebellum,
white matter, and cortical regions of autistic patients showed significant microglial activation. Reactive
glial cells result in the loss of synaptic functioning and induce autism under inflammatory conditions.
Replacement of defective glial cells (Cell-replacement treatment), glial progenitor cell-based
therapy, and medication therapy (inhibition of microglia activation) are all utilised to treat glial dysfunction.
This review discusses the role of glial cells in ASD and the various potential approaches to
treating glial cell dysfunction.
Perinatal Hemolytic Disorders and Identification Using End Tidal Breath
Carbon Monoxide
Authors: Christensen Robert D. , Bahr Timothy M. , Pakdeeto Sasikarn , Supapannachart Sarayut , Zhang Huayan
Published: December 2022

Hemolytic disorders can cause severe morbidity or can be life-threatening. Before the re-cent development of practical and inexpensive testing for hemolysis by quantifying carbon monox-ide in end-tidal breath, some hemolytic disorders in perinatal patients were not detected until se-verely problematic hyperbilirubinemia and/or anemia occurred. Here we review studies aimed at es-tablishing the normal reference intervals for end tidal breath carbon monoxide (ETCO) in various perinatal populations. We also review reports, and new theories, about using this methodology to diagnose and quantify hemolytic disorders in term and premature neonates, anemic pregnant wom-en, and fetuses in utero. The purposes of making these measurements are to; (1) identify patients who have hemolytic disorders, (2) characterize the severity of the hemolysis in each hemolytic pa-tient, and (3) predict and prevent co-morbidities, thereby improving outcomes.
Can we Reduce the Symptoms of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome by
Regulating Micronutrients? A Review
Authors: Kurtbeyoğlu Emine , Akduman Gül , Güneş Fatma Esra
Published: December 2022

Introduction:

Deficiencies of some micronutrients have been observed in chronic fatigue
syndrome patients, but the underlying cause has not been fully understood. The aim of this
study was to investigate whether there is a relationship between CFS and micronutrients.

Methods:

Related articles searched the combinations of the following terms which were used for
the search in the Web of Science database: “Chronic Fatigue Syndrome” OR “Chronic Fatigue-
Fibromyalgia Syndrome” OR “Postviral Fatigue Syndrome” AND “vitamins” OR “minerals” OR
“micronutrients”. Articles that met the inclusion criteria were included.

Results:

The initial search resulted in 225 studies, with 11 studies fully meeting the inclusion criteria.
In these studies, it has been shown that micronutrients may play a role in the etiology of
CFS, and that supplemented micronutrients can positively affect the symptoms of CFS.

Conclusion:

Although there seems to be a close relationship between CFS-related syndromes
and nutritional status, the literature on this subject remains limited. The results of the studies
were not compatible with each other due to differences in the studies. Therefore, new studies are
needed to fully explain the relationship between CFS and micronutrients.
Cholinesterase Aging Phenomenon Following Acute Ethoprophos Poisoning:
A Case Report
Authors: Chefirat Bilel , Touer El Haouaria , Bensaid Nour El Houda , Rezk-Kallah Haciba
Published: December 2022

Background:

Acute poisoning by Ethoprphos, an organophosphorus pesticide, leads to a veritable cholinergic syndrome whose diagnosis is based on the determination of cholinesterase activity. The treatment relies on the administration of atropine and pralidoxime to regenerate cholinesterases before their ageing.

Case:

We report a case of a two-year-old child, hospitalized for ethoprophos poisoning, with seizures associated with tight myosis, bronchial congestion, fever, and sialorrhea. The determination of butyrylcholinesterase and acetylcholinesterase showed low rates throughout the hospitalization. Knowing that pralidoxime was introduced from the 5th day of the poisoning, these rates could be explained by aging of cholinesterases. This phenomenon is well established for organophosphate pesticides (OPs) with methylated or ethyl alkyl groups in contrast to others that are much less documented such as dipropyled OPs such as ethoprophos. The recovery of the enzyme rates was very slow with good clinical improvement.

Conclusion:

Ethoprophos poisoning may cause a life-threatening prognosis with a possible phenomenon of cholinesterase aging in the absence of rapid management with administration of pralidoxime.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Conditioned Medium; An Effective Cell-Free
Therapeutic Option for in vitro Maturation of Oocytes
Authors: Pour Fatemeh Khojasteh , Gale Dari Mahrokh Abouali , Ramazii Mohammad , Keivan Mona , Farzaneh Maryam
Published: December 2022

Infertility is a major reproductive health issue worldwide. One of the main problems in infertile
women is the failure to generate or release a mature egg. Therefore, the development of new technologies
for in vitro generation or induction of mature oocytes can improve various ART procedures. Recently,
stem cell-based therapy has opened a new window for several pathological complications. Mesenchymal
stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells with the capacity to self-renew and differentiate into the
mesodermal lineage. MSCs contain various bioactive molecules which are involved in the regulation of
key biological processes. They can secret multiple paracrine factors, such as VEGF, IGF, HGF, EGF, and
FGF to stimulate egg maturation. Although MSCs represent a promising source for cell therapy, the potential
risk of tumor development reduces their clinical applications. Recent studies have suggested that
the supernatant or conditioned medium of MSCs also contains similar components and regulates the oocyte
behavior. The MSC-conditioned medium can eliminate the safety concerns associated with MSC
transplantation and avoid rejection problems. Although MSC and MSC-CM could improve oocyte quality,
ovarian function, and fertility, these improvements have not yet been demonstrated in clinical trials in
humans. Hereby, we summarized recent research findings of MSCs-derived conditioned medium in in
vitro development of immature oocytes.
Reduced Expression of RBP7 is Associated with Resistance to Tamoxifen In Luminal
A Breast Cancer
Authors: Yan Xiaolu , Chen Chuan , Gao Zhe , Zhang Lixia
Published: December 2022

Background:

Tamoxifen is the most commonly used hormonal treatment for ERα-positive breast cancer.
Tamoxifen resistance is still a big problem for ERα target therapy. RBP7 is a member of the cellular retinol-binding
protein family.

Objective:

This study aims to investigate the prognostic role of RBP7 and the relationship between RBP7 expression
and sensitivity or resistance to tamoxifen in ERα-positive breast cancer.

Methods:

A bioinformatics method was used to investigate RBP7 expression and the prognostic value of RBP7 in
different subtypes of breast cancer. The relationship between RBP7 expression and sensitivity or resistance to tamoxifen
was studied using clinical data (GSE1379) and cell line data (GSE27473, GSE2645923, GSM3715281, and
GSM3715282). Transfection of RBP7 experiments was used to testify to the function of RBP7 in MCF7 cell.

Result:

RBP7 is a member of the family of cellular retinol-binding proteins. RBP7 expression was down-regulated at
both mRNA and protein levels in breast cancer and was not associated with different TNM (Tumor, Node, Metastasis)
stages. High expression of RBP7 was significantly related to good relative percent survival in the luminal A subtype,
but in negative breast cancer, the result was opposite. The ROC plot showed that RBP7 had a significant predictive
value for the tamoxifen response in the luminal A subtype. The expression of RBP7 from patients with recurrence
treated with tamoxifen was significantly reduced. Gene Expression Omnibus showed that RBP7 expression was reduced
considerably in tamoxifen-resistant MCF7 cells and T47D cells. The expression of RBP7 was positively correlated
with some microRNAs involved in negatively regulating tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer. We also found that
the expression of RBP7 decreased significantly in tamoxifen-resistant MCF7 cells, and transfection of RBP7 increased
the sensitivity of resistant cells to tamoxifen.

Conclusion:

Reduced expression of RBP7 is associated with resistance to tamoxifen in luminal A breast cancer. Our
research may help to explore the mechanisms of resistance of breast cancer to tamoxifen.
Protective Effect of Nigella sativa Seed Extract and its Bioactive
Compound Thymoquinone on Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Khan Samar Saeed , Zaidi Kamal Uddin
Published: December 2022

Background:

The lack of a substantial breakthrough in the treatment of diabetes, a
global issue, has led to an ongoing quest for herbs that contain bioactive elements with hypoglycemic
properties.

Objective:

To investigate the potential protective effect of Nigella sativa seeds ethanol extract and
its active ingredient, thymoquinone, on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Methods:

To induce diabetes, the male Wistar rats were administered an intraperitoneal injection
of STZ at a dosage of 90 mg/kg body weight in 0.9 percent normal saline after being fasted for 16
hours and made diabetic Group 1; 7 rats non-diabetic control (saline-treated), Group 2; 7 untreated
diabetic rats, Group 3; 7 diabetic rats treated orally with N. sativa extract at a dose of 100 mg/kg
body weight, Group 4; 7 diabetic rats treated orally with thymoquinone at a dose of 10 mg/kg body
weight and Group 5; 7 diabetic rats treated orally with Metformin at a dose of 5 mg/kg body
weight. After the treatment of 28 days, all groups were examined for body weight and biochemical
alterations.

Results:

The results showed a significant decrease in blood glucose, urea, creatinine, uric acid,
total protein, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and very low-density lipoprotein, while
high-density lipoprotein was increased. Hepatic enzymes, alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase,
and alkaline phosphate were also normalized and significantly increased body
weight.

Conclusion:

These preliminary findings demonstrate that the ethanol extract of N. sativa seeds and
its active ingredient, thymoquinone have a protective effect against streptozotocin-induced diabetic
rats. The present study opens new vistas for the use of N. sativa and its bioactive compound, thymoquinone,
regarding its clinical application as a new nontoxic antidiabetic agent for managing
diabetes mellitus.
Insights Into Resveratrol as an Inhibitor Against Aβ1-42 Peptide Aggregation:
A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study
Authors: Borah Priyanka , Mattaparthi Venkata Satish Kumar
Published: December 2022

Background:

Resveratrol (RSV), a polyphenolic compound, is reported to have anti-aggregation properties against Amyloid-beta peptides. It is, therefore, significant to understand the mechanism of inhibition of Aβ1-42 peptide aggregation by the RSV at the molecular level. We have used Molecular docking along with Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation techniques to address the role of RSV in the inhibition of Aβ1-42 pep-tide aggregation.

Objective:

To understand the role of Resveratrol on the Aβ1-42 peptide aggregation.

Method:

In this computational study, we have docked the RSV to Aβ1-42 peptide using Molecular Docking software and then performed MD simulation for the Aβ1-42 peptide monomer Aβ1-42 peptide-RSV complex using the AMBER force field. From the analysis of MD trajectories, we obtained salient structural features and determined the Binding Free Energy(BFE) and Per-residue Energy Decomposition Analysis (PRED) using MM-PBSA/GBSA method.

Results:

The secondary structure and the conformational analysis obtained from MD trajectories show that the binding of RSV with the Aβ1-42 peptide monomer causes an increase in the helical content in the structure of the Aβ1-42 peptide. The BFE and PRED results show a high binding affinity (GBtotal=-11.07 kcal mol-1; PBtotal= -1.82 kcal mol-1) of RSV with Aβ1-42 peptide. Also, we found the RSV to interact with cru-cial residues (Asp 23 and Lys 28) of the Aβ1-42 peptide. These residues play a signif-icant role in facilitating the formation of toxic amyloid oligomers and amyloid fibrils. The salt bridge interaction between these residues D23–K28 was found to be destabi-lized in the Aβ1-42 peptide when it is complexed with RSV.

Conclusion:

In summary, it can be concluded that Resveratrol greatly aids the preven-tion of Aβ1-42 peptide aggregation. Therefore, it can be considered a possible drug candidate for therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer’s disease.
OPTIMAL SPLINE TRAJECTORY OF THE SHIP INFORMATIVE ROUTE IN THE MAP-AIDED NAVIGATION
Authors: Yuyukin I. V.
Published: December 2022

The task of organizing an informative route as an optimal spline trajectory of a moving object with an assessment of the informativeness of the map-aided navigation standard is completed. From the perspective of the planning approach, an optimal geometric path, passing through pre-determined iconic intermediate points, taking into account the avoidance of navigational hazards as “obstacle spots” has been formed. Within the framework of the strategy of informative planning of the spline path, the actuality of solving the problem of synthesizing the optimal trajectory in two variants is noted: by the methods of B-splines and classical polynomial interpolations as the implementation of the tactics of a mobile object movement in a conflict environment. A comparative characteristic of two alternative algorithms for solving the problem, specifying the advantages and disadvantages of each option, is given. As a demonstration of the practical applicability of the interpolation approach, the spline trajectory of an illustrative example in route of map-aided navigation is designed against the background of a contour map of isolines. Emphasis is placed on the possibility of forming the shape of the navigation isosurface due to the effective use of the curvature of the spline trajectory as a reproductive template for constructing an axonometric projection. A forecast about the trends of the possible use of a separate optimal trajectory of the object movement directly for the construction of the informative field profile of any degree of complexity is made. A hypothesis about the feasibility of practical use of chaotic architecture of spline gradients for effective planning of the optimal trajectory is put forward. The fan of spline gradient vectors with a personal orientation in the direction of the maximum change in the navigation function on each segment of the piecewise polyline of the path in the vessel routing procedure is considered. The issue of ensuring the possibility of making a coordinated decision on the vessel management by personnel due to the automated formation of spline trajectories in real time with synchronous representation of geometric computer support to the watch assistant, which allows us to offer integration of the tasks under consideration into the cloud-based intelligent technology of “augmented reality” is formulated.
OPERATIONAL RISK ASSESSMENT FOR MARINE AUTONOMOUS VESSELS
Authors: Gams A. V. , Akmaykin D. A. , Ilchenko A. A.
Published: December 2022

The topic of the study is the issue of assessing the safety of the use of autonomous type vessels and suitable criteria for the mode of operation, which has a priority status, since currently a large number of prototypes of such vessels are planned to be launched. It is noted that classification societies determine the rules of classification and construction of this type of vessels. Using the method of analyzing the types and consequences of failures, which is well-established in the aerospace industry in the second half of the last century, is suggested in the paper. For this purpose, the concept of risk priority taken from the analysis of the ratings of the failures occurrence and consequences is used. All parameters for determining the priority of risk are obtained during the analysis of accidents of the various types of vessels, including those, which are without crew. The rating of the failure mode occurrence in autonomous navigation, the rating of the failure mode critical consequences and the failure mode detection rating for autonomous vessels are considered. Each of these types of rating includes ten levels. The assessment of failure levels consists of four stages. Initially, it is necessary to identify potential failure modes. Then the parameters of the risk priority concept and the type of failure are evaluated. For each operational mode of operation, namely manual control, remote or autonomous control, the risk priority concept scenario is calculated. The analysis of the calculation results is carried out and proposals are formulated and recommendations of corrective actions are given. The results obtained have shown that under the same conditions, the range of the risk level varies depending on the operating modes of an autonomous vessel. The results are presented in the table of the choice of corrective actions and given graphically for visual assessment and direction of danger. The proposed approach makes it possible to choose the most safe mode of operation for this level of risk, as well as to predict the necessary corrective actions.
CYBERNETIC SECURITY OF ALTERNATIVE OFFLINE NAVIGATION FROM THE STANDPOINT OF SPLINE TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Yuyukin Igor V.
Published: December 2022

The issues of cybernetic security are considered in the aspect of effective proposals of alternatives to the satellite system in order to be able to promptly reorient to a backup positioning system in case of any technical problems. The assessment of the use of computer-specific competencies in the field of information technologies of the marine fleet as a secondary factor of end-to-end cybernetic security management is given. Information processing in a duplicate analogue of the positioning system is based on the technology of spline functions in order to extract the advantages of piecewise approximation for practical navigation purposes. The functionality of the navigator is analyzed within the framework of the «augmented reality technology» of the bridge of the future with the possibility of observational fixation of the look of the watch officer based on improved virtual professional scenarios against the background of the flow of typical navigation information. In addition to alternatives to the traditional positioning system, the requirements of space all-weather, system noise immunity and round-the-clock use in emergency situations, military conflicts and man-made disasters are formulated. In the circumstances of uncertainty of satellite systems, the problems of their vulnerability are theoretically leveled due to the intended use of navigation equipment based on other physical principles of operation. Correlation-extreme navigation through natural geophysical fields, the innovative e-LORAN project and the means of celestial navigation automated on the basis of computing resources of the onboard computer are highlighted as promising variants of the autonomous positioning principle. The research carried out in this work is combined with the results of experiments within the framework of the magnetic navigation project on the practical implementation of autonomous aviation positioning. Validation of the characteristics of the isotropic field as an informative standard of correlation-extreme navigation is confirmed by practical implementations of various fragments of geophysical fields in the form of three-dimensional visualizations of spline synthesis. The accuracy of geolocation with «terrain-referenced navigation» by extreme indicators is analysed. The forecast of achievability of the predictability effect of a mobile object location in a satellite-based environment is given with optimal motion control using predictive modeling, provided that an accurate assessment of the uncertainty of the navigation system is foreseen. The algorithms tested on the methods of spline functions to ensure authoritative positioning are performed as an intellectual support for the ship’s management staff in an emergency situation.
RESEARCH OF NAVIGATIONAL AND HYDROGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF FLAW POLYNYAS OF THE EASTERN SECTOR OF THE NORTHERN SEA ROUTE
Authors: Isaulova Kristina Ya.
Published: December 2022

The possibility of using the areas of flaw polynyas in the Eastern sector of the Northern Sea Route in planning and choosing the routes for navigation of transport ships is considered in the paper. It is noted that shipping in the Arctic seas is associated with an increased level of risk, shallow seas and difficult hydrometeorological conditions, and is also characterized by insufficient or completely absent hydrographic knowledge of the bottom topography. The main data characterizing the increase in the number of issued permits for ships navigation in the water area of the Northern Sea Route, and the percentage of ships depending on the ice class are given. It is noted that in the cold season, the main navigable straits of the Northern Sea Route are covered with fast ice. Due to circulation and under-ice currents, flaw polynyas, which can be used when planning navigation routes, are formed. The main flaw polynyas of the Eastern Sector of the Northern Sea Route are presented; data on their width, length and range of depths are provided. It is noted that the flaw polynyas of the East Siberian and Chukchi seas are deeper than the polynyas of the Laptev Sea. The ships classification depending on the draft is presented in the paper; an analysis of the characteristic routes for each category of ships is performed. An analysis of the data received from the automatic identification system of vessels has revealed that the choice of route is seasonal and directly depends on the ice conditions of the water area. The relevance of the topic is due to the need to increase the duration of navigation in the Eastern sector of the Northern Sea Route, in order to achieve targets for the volume of cargo transportation. This can be achieved by choosing the route of the transport vessel along the areas of ice polynyas, which are a strip of open water and young ice.