bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Avalanches and micrometeorology driving mass and energy balance of the lowest perennial ice field of the Alps: a case study
Authors: Mott Rebecca , Wolf Andreas , Kehl Maximilian , Kunstmann Harald , Warscher Michael , Grünewald Thomas
Published: April 2019

Abstract. The mass balance of very small glaciers is often governed by
anomalous snow accumulation, winter precipitation being multiplied by snow
redistribution processes (gravitationally or wind driven), or suppressed snow
ablation driven by micrometeorological effects lowering net radiation and/or
turbulent heat exchange. In this case study, we analysed the relative
contribution of snow accumulation and ablation processes governing the long-
and short-term mass balance of the lowest perennial ice field of the Alps,
the Ice Chapel, located at 870 m a.s.l. in the Berchtesgaden National
Park (Germany). This study emphasizes the importance of the local
topographic setting for the survival of a perennial ice field located far
below the climatic snow line. Although long-term mass balance measurements of
the ice field surface showed a dramatic mass loss between 1973 and 2014, the
ice field mass balance was rather stable between 2014 and 2017 and even
showed a strong mass gain in 2017/2018 with an increase in surface height by
50 %–100 % relative to the ice field thickness. Measurements suggest
that the winter mass balance clearly dominated the annual mass balance. At
the Ice Chapel surface, 92 % of snow accumulation was gained by snow
avalanching, thus clearly governing the 2017/2018 winter mass balance of the
ice field with mean snow depths of 32 m at the end of the accumulation
period. Avalanche deposition was amplified by preferential deposition of
snowfall in the wind-sheltered rock face surrounding the ice field. Detailed micrometeorological measurements combined with a numerical analysis
of the small-scale near-surface atmospheric flow field identified the
micrometeorological processes driving the energy balance of the ice field.
Measurements revealed a katabatic flow system draining down the ice field
throughout the day, showing strong temporal and spatial dynamics. The
spatial origin of the thermal flow system was shown to be of particular
importance for the ice field surface energy balance. Numerical simulation
indicates that deep katabatic flows, which developed at higher-elevation shaded
areas of the rock face and drained down the ice field, enhance sensible heat
exchange towards the ice field surface by enhancing turbulence close to the
ice surface. Conversely, the shallow katabatic flow developing at the ice
field surface appeared to laterally decouple the local near-surface
atmosphere from the warmer adjacent air suppressing heat exchange. Numerical
results thus suggest that shallow katabatic flows driven by the cooling
effect of the ice field surface are especially efficient in lowering the
climatic sensitivity of the ice field to the surrounding rising air
temperatures. Such micrometeorological phenomena must be taken into account
when calculating mass and energy balances of very small glaciers or
perennial ice fields at elevations far below the climatic snow line.
Using information literacy to teach medical entrepreneurship and health care economics
Authors: Carroll Alexander J. , Hallman Shelby J. , Umstead Kelly A. , McCall James , DiMeo Andrew J.
Published: April 2019

Objective: Entrepreneurship and innovative product design in health care requires expertise in finding and evaluating diverse types of information from a multitude of sources to accomplish a number of tasks, such as securing regulatory approval, developing a reimbursement strategy, and navigating intellectual property. The authors sought to determine whether an intensive, specialized information literacy training program that introduced undergraduate biomedical engineering students to these concepts would improve the quality of the students’ design projects. We also sought to test whether information literacy training that included active learning exercises would offer increased benefits over training delivered via lectures and if this specialized information literacy training would increase the extent of students’ information use.Methods: A three-arm cohort study was conducted with a control group and two experimental groups. Mixed methods assessment, including a rubric and citation analysis, was used to evaluate program outcomes by examining authentic artifacts of student learning.Results: Student design teams that received information literacy training on topics related to medical entrepreneurship and health care economics showed significantly improved performance on aspects of project performance relevant to health care economics over student design teams that did not receive this training. There were no significant differences between teams that engaged in active learning exercises and those that only received training via lectures. Also, there were no significant differences in citation patterns between student teams that did or did not receive specialized information literacy training.Conclusions: Information literacy training can be used as a method for introducing undergraduate health sciences students to the health care economics aspects of the medical entrepreneurship life cycle, including the US Food and Drug Administration regulatory environment, intellectual property, and medical billing and reimbursement structures.
Evidex
Authors: Hupe Meghan A.
Published: April 2019

Advera Health Analytics launched Evidex in 2016. The database provides information on drug safety and adverse events.
Errata for trial publications are not uncommon, are frequently not trivial, and can be challenging to access: a retrospective review
Authors: Farrah Kelly , Rabb Danielle
Published: April 2019

Objective: The research sought to determine the prevalence of errata for drug trial publications that are included in systematic reviews, their potential value to reviews, and their accessibility via standard information retrieval methods.Methods: The authors conducted a retrospective review of included studies from forty systematic reviews of drugs evaluated by the Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health (CADTH) Common Drug Review (CDR) in 2015. For each article that was included in the systematic reviews, we conducted searches for associated errata using the CDR review report, PubMed, and the journal publishers’ websites. The severity of errors described in errata was evaluated using a three-category scale: trivial, minor, or major. The accessibility of errata was determined by examining inclusion in bibliographic databases, costs of obtaining errata, time lag between article and erratum publication, and correction of online articles.Results: The 40 systematic reviews included 127 articles in total, for which 26 errata were identified. These errata described 38 errors. When classified by severity, 6 errors were major; 20 errors were minor; and 12 errors were trivial. No one database contained all the errata. On average, errata were published 211 days after the original article (range: 15–1,036 days). All were freely available. Over one-third (9/24) of online articles were uncorrected after errata publication.Conclusion: Errata frequently described non-trivial errors that would either impact the interpretation of data in the article or, in fewer cases, impact the conclusions of the study. As such, it seems useful for reviewers to identify errata associated with included studies. However, publication time lag and inconsistent database indexing impair errata accessibility.
The Medical Library Association Guide to Developing Consumer Health Collections
Authors: Earl Martha F.
Published: April 2019

The Medical Library Association Guide to Developing Consumer Health Collections provides an information resource for all librarians, though the focus is on the novice. It is written in a clear, well-organized style, using practical tips and copious examples to illustrate concepts.
The No-Nonsense Guide to Born-Digital Content
Authors: Blobaum Paul M.
Published: April 2019

The No-Nonsense Guide to Born-Digital Content addresses the growing problem of the proverbial gorilla in the room: Librarians are not keeping up with managing the digital materials that are originally created in an electronic format.
Unpaywall
Authors: Dhakal Kerry
Published: April 2019

Unpaywall, created by Jason Priem and Heather Piwowar of ImpactStory in 2017, is a plug-in tool for individual users to access and find OA articles, regardless of where they are searching for those articles.
Rhetorical Movement, Vulnerability, and Higher Education
Authors: Bernard-Donals Michael
Published: April 2019

Mobility is the engine that makes rhetoric work. It's integral to rhetoric itself and yet is also potentially destabilizing of both human subjectivity and of the institutions—including higher education—in which we reside. This essay defines rhetoric's mobility by considering Burke's action-motion pair, Giorgio Agamben's stasis, and Deleuze and Guattari's nomadism, taking account of how rhetoric moves us, and how we move, rhetorically, in and amid institutions. Rhetorical movement has less to do with movement from here to there and more to do with flux, disturbance, and—potentially—vulnerability and violence. This essay takes up this premise about rhetoric's mobility—as disturbance, potential, “more”—in order to understand what it would mean to deploy rhetoric in discussions about the future of higher education.
Does the Payment Method Affect Patient Satisfaction? An Analytical Study in 10 Hospitals in Central Sulawesi
Authors: Demak Indah Puspasari Kiay , Mutiarasari Diah , Bangkele Elli Yane
Published: April 2019

Indonesia has started reforms in the health system over the past five years, aiming to increase access of all people to health services. At present, there is public concern about quality health services, where the success of hospitals in meeting patient expectations is a major determinant in increasing patient satisfaction and trust. Patient satisfaction is an important measure for the process of evaluating the quality of services to patients in hospitals. However, the evaluation of patient satisfaction based on their payment methods is still very limited. The purpose of this study was to measure differences in hospital service satisfaction based on payment methods in Central Sulawesi.

This an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional approach. Samples were taken using purposive sampling technique from 10 hospitals in Center Sulawesi. The samples were 107 respondents for each hospital or 1,070 respondents overall.

The highest overall level of patient satisfaction on all elements was experienced by respondents who paid using NHIS (77.50%) while the lowest was felt by respondents who paid with KIS (70.74%). The Kruskal Wallis test results for all elements indicated that there were significant differences in satisfaction levels based on the payment methods in all elements with p-value = 0.000, (p-value <0.05). The results of this study indicated that there were significant differences in satisfaction levels based on the payment methods in all elements of service.
Synthesis, Characterization, Antifungal and Antibacterial Activities of Novel Amide Derivatives of 1,3-Dioxolane
Authors: Begum Zahra , Khan Momin , Khan Sher Wali , Imran Muhammad , Rehman Noor , Umar Muhammad Naveed , Kamil Atif , Muhammad Turghun
Published: April 2019

L-Tartaric acid which is chiral compound and commercially available, was converted into 1,3-dioxolane. In the synthetic sequence, 1,3-dioxolane was first formed via protection and partial hydrolysis of L-tartaric acid. Treatment with altered substituted aromatic amines, 1,3-dioxolane gave the desired amides i.e. ethyl 2,2-dimethyl-5-(phenylcarbamoyl)-1,3-dioxolane-4-carboxylate 3a,

2-(4-(ethoxycarbonyl)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-5-carboxamido)benzoic acid 3b, ethyl

5-(4-iodophenylcarbamoyl)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4-carboxylate 3c, ethyl

5-(2-chlorophenylcarbamoyl)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4-carboxylate 3d and ethyl

5-(2,4-dichlorophenylcarbamoyl)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4-carboxylate 3e. These chiral derivatives were purified through column chromatographic technique and characterized by different spectroscopic techniques i.e IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and EIMS. The antimicrobial activities of these compounds were determined at different concentrations against different strains of bacteria and fungi.
Synthesis and Styrene Copolymerization of Novel Chloro and Fluoro Ring-Trisubstituted Propyl Cyanophenylpropenoates
Authors: Bates Jessica , Krider Ashleigh L. , Malik Sana A. , May Denny P. , Stryelkina Maryana , Williams Chloe G. , Wood Daniel T. , Rocus Sara M. , Kharas Gregory B.
Published: April 2019

Novel trisubstituted ethylenes, ring-substituted propyl 2-cyano-3-phenyl-2-propenoates, RPhCH=C(CN)CO2C3H7 (where R is 2,3,6-trichloro, 2,3,4-trifluoro, 2,3,5-trifluoro, 2,4,5-trifluoro, 2,4,6-trifluoro, 3,4,5-trifluoro) were prepared by the piperidine catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation of ring-trisubstituted benzaldehydes and propyl cyanoacetate.

The ethylenes when copolymerized with styrene in solution with radical initiation (ABCN) at 70°C resulted in formation of copolymers. The composition of the copolymers was calculated from nitrogen analysis. The structures and properties were characterized by IR, 1H and 13C-NMR, GPC, DSC, and TGA.
Necessary and Sufficient Conditions for Liquidity Management
Authors: de França José Antonio , Sandoval Wilfredo Sosa
Published: April 2019

Liquidity as a measure of payment capacity must incorporate the attributes of efficiency, sustainability and synergy. Traditionally, liquidity is measured by financial indicators, centered in the current ratio (CR) as an indicator of nominal payment capacity. However, this indicator generates a gap in the liquidity assessment because it does not measure financial efficiency nor liquidity sustainability. This research paper proposes an indicator that combines nominal capacity with effective payment capacity that indicates the liquidity sustainability and financial efficient status, addressing a gap in the literature concerning liquidity management, and revealing the existence of financial synergy. In order to test this proposition, data from financial statements of 37 manufacturing firms from 2000 to 2015 were used, via parametric and nonparametric methods. In the analysis showed here, financial efficiency ratio (FER) and the liquidity sustainability ratio (LSR) were used to assess financial efficiency and sustainable liquidity. Robust empirical evidence was found showing that the main status of the firms’ liquidity is weakly sustainable and therefore does not produce financial synergy. The results suggest that the combination of financial efficiency and nominal liquidity is a robust technique to indicate the firm’s liquidity status.
Study of Four Onion Varieties Drying Kinetics in an Oven and a Solar Greenhouse
Authors: Beye Ngoné Fall , Ayessou Nicolas Cyrille , Kane Cheikhou , Mbaye Mariame Niang , Talla Cheikh , Sene Abdou , Diop Codou Mar
Published: April 2019

Onion production (Allium cepa L.) in Senegal reached 390 000 tons in 2016. Due to post-harvest losses, annual demand (150 000 and 250 000 tons) is being met through imports. This work consists in proposing a drying process at a lower cost to overcome this dependence and preserve the quality of the product. The optimization of local onion varieties drying in an oven and in solar greenhouse, as well as the physicochemical characterization of the products were carried out. The moisture of fresh onion bulb varies between 85.56 ± 0.60 and 89.13 ± 0.69 (%). To obtain a moisture £ 8.89 ± 0.16 (%) ensuring stability, the optimal drying conditions in the oven are 60° C / 6H (Galmi Violet) and 7H (Safari, Gandiol F1 and Orient F1). Under these conditions, the content of polyphenols in g equivalent of gallic acid / 100 g db increases (0.111 ± 0.0040 to 0.312 ± 0.0041 before drying, 0.546 g ± 0.0117 to 0.837 ± 0.0091 after drying). Optimum solar drying in a greenhouse is obtained between temperatures of 35 to 65° C / 8H-9H. From a perspective of sustainable development, the perspective is the modeling of drying kinetics in a solar greenhouse.
CFD Modeling and Validation of Tracer Gas Dispersion to Evaluate Self-pollution in School Buses
Authors: Luna Guevara , Alejandro Fredy , Luna Guevara , Andrés Marco , Cerón Belalcázar , Carlos Luis
Published: April 2019

The exhaust gases expelled from the tailpipe during the transit of the buses are composed by different pollutants, each of them dangerous to the human health in different ways. Self-pollution has been detected as a phenomenon related with the passengers exposition to pollutants inside transport buses during their travels. The emissions from the tailpipe make their way to the cabin of the bus, exposing the passengers to toxic gases and particulate matter during the whole time of the trip they are making. The quantitative and detailed modeling of the pollutants in-cabin is important due to the sensitive nature of the children population to respiratory disease related to air pollution. This study assesses self-pollution in school buses using CFD modeling, this is achieved by simulating the dispersion of a tracer gas Sulfur Hexa-Fluoride (SF6) inside and outside the bus. Two previous studies datasets were used to validate the CFD model performance, and accuracy in its capacity to quantitatively describe the phenomenon. The CFD model developed and validated considered the turbulence through the k-epsi-lon realizable model. The system was considered as a multicomponent single-eulerian-phase flow with the “species to transport” model. Transient formulation and energy were implemented. Mesh was optimized to polyhedral elements, reducing considerably the simulation time by 35%, and mesh size to 25%. The model was able to determine the behavior of the tailpipe emissions and the self-pollution phenomenon into the bus, showing that the highest concentrations (and therefore the maximum exposure) are located in the rear part of the bus. Validation of the CFD results with previous experimental measures and modeling results, reported in two previous studies, determined an error of 12% and 17% for the concentrations outside and inside the bus respectively, correlation coefficient (R2) values between 0.5 and 0.9 were obtained between CFD results for SF6 concentrations and validation dataset.
ASPECTS OF MANAGEMENT OF TRIPLE HELIX OF SCIENCE-BUSINESS-ADMINISTRATION IN POLISH ACADEMIC CITIES
Authors: Odzimek Tomasz
Published: April 2019

Contemporary economy is typically knowledge based. To entrepreneurs, knowledge represents the source of new technologies and products and, consequently, improved competitiveness. In order to create or acquire knowledge, enterprises have to collaborate with universities. The prerequisite for this collaboration is activity of local administration by creation of so-called triple helix of science-business-administration. Universities and local administration must operate more
effectively than before, in conjunction with the model of new public management. The key problem is the process of management of triple helix by public entities, which, unlike the sector of enterprises, do not operate from the standpoint of profitability and profits. Therefore, the research aim of this study was to obtain the answer to the question about the quality of management of science-business-administration collaboration in Polish academic cities by local entities of the
public sector. In this area, questionnaire surveys were carried out in 20 large academic cities in higher education institutions, city offices and local innovation centers dealing with the coordination of the triple helix. Due to the existence of a very large number of enterprises in the triple helix, the research was limited to the aspect of public management. The paper is divided into the theoretical and empirical parts, which present the results of the study and conclusion concerning the management of the triple helix in Polish academic cities.
Badania właściwości wybranego homogenicznego paliwa rakietowego przed i po przyspieszonym starzeniu
Authors: Czerwińska Magdalena , Żmuda-Gołębiewska Agnieszka , Prasuła Piotr
Published: April 2019

W procesie przechowywania znaczący wpływ na prawidłowe zadziałanie ziarna paliwa rakietowego oraz całego silnika rakietowego mają zachodzące w nim reakcje chemiczne i procesy fizyczne, takie jak ubytek stabilizatora, migracja i parowanie nitrogliceryny, rozkład łańcuchów nitroglicerynowych i nitrocelulozowych itp. Właściwości termiczne i mechaniczne sta-łych materiałów rakietowych badano za pomocą dynamicznej analizy mechanicznej (DMA). Jest to skuteczna i bezpieczna technika, która umożliwia uzyskanie wielu informacji o badanej próbce w jednym cyklu pomiarowym. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na wyznaczenie temperatury zeszklenia badanego paliwa rakietowego. Ponadto zastosowano różnicową kalorymetrię skaningową (DSC) i termograwimetrię (TG). Określono energię aktywacji. W obliczeniach kinetycznych zastosowano metody Kissingera i Ozawy. Średnią masę cząsteczkową nitrocelulozy i jej rozkład przed i po przyspieszonym starzeniu mierzono techniką chromatografii żelowej (GPC). Badania właściwości mechanicznych, termicznych i fizycznych paliwa rakietowego mogą pomóc w jego lepszym projektowaniu, w opracowywaniu bardziej wydajnych procesów produkcyjnych,w dostosowaniu poszczególnych etapów produkcji w celu ulepszenia właściwości pro-duktu końcowego lub nawet mogą zostać wykorzystane do przeprojektowania całego proce-su produkcji.
Undervisningstraditioner i naturvetenskaplig undervisning i relation till svenska utbildningsreformer i skolår 6
 Teaching traditions in Science Education in compulsory school and its relation to educational reform in Science Education in year 6
Authors: Lidar Malena , Engström Susanne , Lundqvist Eva , Almqvist Jonas
Published: April 2019

In this paper we survey different teaching traditions in Swedish Science Education. The purpose is to map and investigate patterns in teachers’ views of what constitutes “good” Science education in the middle years of compulsory school in Sweden. This is done with the background of a new curriculum with national testing and grading being introduced, which could potentially alter teachers’ views of what is relevant content. A web-based questionnaire to teachers all throughout Sweden (response rate 43%, N=796) was used. The results show that groups can be formed with teachers emphasizing different teaching objectives including emphasis on; scientific facts and concept, laboratory work, everyday knowledge, and political and moral questions, even though the groups had a lot of similarities. The teachers indicate that they changed their instruction to a considerable extent after the three parallel reforms carried out 2011-13.
Att betygsätta elevers kunskaper – möjligheter och begränsningar
 Grading pupils' knowledge – possibilities and limitations
Authors: Bach Frank , Frändberg Birgitta , Hagman Mats , West Eva , Zetterqvist Ann
Published: April 2019

National tests in the natural sciences for grade 6 were carried out 2013 - 2015. One aim was to provide information about students’ scientific knowledge according to the “abilities”: communicating, exploring and explaining, as stated in the syllabus. Are these “abilities” possible and reasonable to distinguish from each other? Answers (60,000) were used for exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and controlled for dimensionality in a Rasch model. The results show that the tests mainly capture one overall ability. It was not possible to separate the three “abilities” in a reliable way. Thus, our analyses show that dividing the test into subscales for grading the “abilities” jeopardize test validity. A more reliable option might be to let students’ strong and weak performances in relation to different parts of the syllabus compensate for each other. Lastly we discuss our results in relation to the Swedish educational legislation.
Realisering av utdanning for bærekraftig utvikling (UBU) – slik erfart av et utvalg naturfagslærere i videregående skole
 Education for sustainable development. - Experienced by science teachers in upper secondary school in Norway
Authors: Sundstrøm Elina Maria , Killengreen Siw Turid , Misund Stig , Köller Hans-Georg
Published: April 2019

Education for sustainable development has been implemented in the Norwegian teaching curriculum since 2005. The goal was initially to give the students knowledge in order for them to live more sustai­nable lives. We conducted interviews and a questionnaire survey to investigate how science teachers in upper secondary school teach this subject, and what they considered to be the challenges. Results from this survey show that teachers mainly use traditional classroom teaching, and to a little extend educated the students the way intended when sustainable development was included in the curricu­lum. In addition, they felt that the subject is not prioritized from the school administration, and the interdisciplinary collaboration is insufficient. In 2020, a revised version of the Norwegian curriculum is completed, and the findings from this survey emphasize the importance of a stronger implementation of education for sustainable development in the Norwegian school system.
Effects of inclusion level and amino acid supplementation on energy values of soybean oil determined with difference or regression methods in growing pigs
Authors: Wang Qiuyun , Huang Chengfei , Liu Mei , Liu Ling , Zhang Shuai
Published: April 2019

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of inclusion level and amino acid (AA) supplementation on energy values of soybean oil (SO) as determined by difference method or regression method when fed to growing pigs.Methods: Thirty-six barrows (initial body weight: 28.0±1.3 kg) were randomly assigned to one of 6 dietary treatments, which included 2 control diets formulated using a basal diet with or without AA supplementation, and 4 experimental diets with 5% or 10% SO addition in the 2 control diets, respectively. All pigs were individually housed in metabolism crates for 19 d, and during the last 5 d, total urine and feces production were collected. The nutrient digestibility in diets and the digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) values of SO were determined using the difference method and the regression method, respectively.Results: Our results showed that there were no interaction effects (p>0.05) between AA supplementation and SO inclusion levels on energy values of SO and dietary nutrient digestibility. The DE and ME values of SO determined by the difference method were not affected (p>0.05) by AA supplementation, however, the ME value of SO increased (p<0.05) as the inclusion level of SO increased. Moreover, the energy values of SO determined using the regression method were close to those determined using difference method with 10% SO inclusion, but were greater than those obtained using difference method with 5% SO inclusion.Conclusion: We concluded that the DE and ME values of SO increased with the inclusion level but were not affected by AA supplementation in the range of 0% to 10%. The difference method can substitute for the regression method to determine the DE and ME values of SO when the inclusion level is 10%, but not at 5% inclusion level.
Orally administered Lactobacillus casei exhibited several probiotic properties in artificially suckling rabbits
Authors: Shen Xue Mei , Cui Hong Xiao , Xu Xiu Rong
Published: April 2019

Objective: Lactobacilli in rabbit intestine is rare and its function in rabbit gut health is not fully understood. The present study aimed to evaluate in vivo the probiotic potential of Lactobacillus casei for suckling rabbits.Methods: Two healthy 5-day-old suckling rabbits with similar weights from each of 12 New Zealand White litters were selected and disturbed to control group and treatment group. All rabbits were artificially fed. The treatment group had been supplemented with live Lactobacillus casei in the milk from the beginning of the trial to 13 days of age. At 15 days of age, healthy paired rabbits were slaughtered to collect intestinal samples.Results: i) Oral administration of Lactobacillus casei significantly increased the proportion of Lactobacilli in the total intestinal bacteria (p<0.01) and obviously reduced that of Escherichia-Shigella (p<0.01); ii) treatment increased the length of vermiform appendix (p<0.05); iii) a higher percentage of degranulated paneth cells was observed in the duodenum and jejunum when rabbits administered with Lactobacillus casei (p<0.01); and iv) the expression of tolllike receptor 9, lysozyme (LYZ), and defensin-7-like (DEFEN) in the duodenum and jejunum was stimulated by supplemented Lactobacillus casei (p<0.05).Conclusion: Orally administered Lactobacillus casei could increase the abundance of intestinal Lactobacilli, decrease the relative abundance of intestinal Escherichia-Shigella, promote the growth of appendix vermiform, stimulate the degranulation of paneth cells and induce the expression of DEFEN and LYS. The results of the present study implied that Lactobacillus casei exhibited probiotic potential for suckling rabbits.
Du canot à glace sur le Saint-Laurent au parapluie de berger des Pyrénées : les inventaires du patrimoine culturel immatériel au Québec et en Aquitaine
Authors: Heiniger-Castéret Patricia , Lamothe Mathilde
Published: April 2019

Avec le projet d’Inventaire des ressources ethnologiques du patrimoine immatériel (IREPI) débuté en 2003-2004, le Québec figure parmi les pionniers à mener un inventaire du patrimoine culturel immatériel sur son territoire. Sélectionnant des personnes-ressources ou « porteurs de patrimoine », la Chaire de recherche du Canada du patrimoine ethnologique de l’Université Laval a développé une méthodologie alliant des techniques d’entretien et des techniques audiovisuelles pour mener des enquêtes de terrain. Ces données collectées sont valorisées par le biais des nouvelles technologies en créant un inventaire multimédia sur internet, et non par la méthode « classique » d’un simple inventaire papier ou par fiche. En 2006, la France se lance dans cette entreprise en s’inspirant de la méthodologie utilisée au Québec. L’une des opérations-pilotes, menée en Aquitaine, se tourne également vers les outils audiovisuels pour mettre en image l’inventaire du patrimoine culturel immatériel, en suivant une méthode de recherche alliant démarche empirique, fiches d’inventaire (description textuelle et réalisation de court-métrages) et valorisation sous forme d’exposition physique et virtuelle. Si les méthodes d’investigation pensées sur le mode ethnologique semblent similaires, ces inventaires émergent dans un contexte historique, social et politique particulier qui les façonne et les modèle en fonction de la rhétorique patrimoniale ou du cadre institutionnel et juridique en vigueur de chaque côté de l’Atlantique. Les problèmes de temporalités du travail d’enquête, de conservation et d’exploitation des données collectées, de « regard patrimonial » et de sa construction sont également inhérents à ces projets de recherche appliquée.
Patrimoine oral et transcription – exemple de deux variétés de français canadiens : acadien vs laurentien (Est et Ouest)
Authors: Giancarli Pierre-Don
Published: April 2019

Le patrimoine immatériel que constituent les témoignages enregistrés ont ceci de particulier qu’ils sont souvent exploités à partir de leur transcription écrite. C’est cette étape de la transcription que, à partir de treize corpus acadiens et laurentiens de l’Est et de l’Ouest, nous souhaitons mettre ici en relief, en montrant qu’elle n’est pas le rendu à l’identique d’une tranche de « réel » mais un construit à la fois plus ou moins appauvri et éventuellement enrichi, qui est le résultat d’une succession de choix motivés et de résolution de problèmes qui ne sont pas sans conséquence sur le travail interprétatif du chercheur.
La construction d’une communauté interprofessionnelle interne à un établissement scolaire suisse romand
Authors: Rebetez Frédérique
Published: April 2019

Cette étude de cas a cherché à comprendre comment des enseignant⋅e⋅s apprennent à construire une communauté interprofessionnelle interne à un établissement scolaire. Quatre dimensions ont été considérées : le scénario, les interactions, le climat d’apprentissage et l’interdépendance entre les professionnel⋅le⋅s. Cette recherche a mis en évidence que la construction d’une communauté ne repose pas sur l’injonction de collaborer par la direction, mais demande des objets d’apprentissage à portée collective impliquant une interdépendance entre les membres de la communauté, suppose la possibilité de se côtoyer et de partager des espaces de travail, et questionne le coeur de métier et le rôle des professionnel⋅le⋅s.
La passion politique des patrons : le système représentatif à l’épreuve de la loi Macron
Authors: Riot Elen , Ramanantsoa Bernard
Published: April 2019

L’examen de la loi pour la croissance, l’activité et l’égalité des chances économiques (dite loi Macron) nous offre l'occasion d'analyser les discours publics qui ont accompagné son examen parlementaire de la loi. Nous nous penchons sur le rôle joué par la représentation patronale en France telle qu’il se donne à lire dans les principaux organes de la presse nationale. Nous observons aussi d’autres parties prenantes sont la situation et la position méritent notre intérêt. Dans la tradition d’Albert O. Hirschman, nous cherchons à comprendre en quoi et dans quelle mesure le système représentatif actuel favorise le débat public et quel est le rôle des arguments rhétoriques au regard d’autres tactiques de contrôle du champ.
Beyond Dichotomy: The Curvilinear Impact of Employee Ownership on CEO entrenchment
Authors: Hollandts Xavier , Aubert Nicolas , Ben Abdelhamid Abdelmehdi , Prieur Victor
Published: April 2019

Employee stock ownership gives employees a voice and therefore may have a major impact on corporate governance. Thus, employee stock ownership may be a powerful mean to protect CEOs from both market for corporate control and dismissal threat. In this paper, we examine the relationship between employee stock ownership and CEO entrenchment. Following the recent French legislative changes, we use a comprehensive panel dataset of the major French listed companies over the 2009-2012 period. We document inverted U-shaped relationships between employee stock ownership and CEO entrenchment. Board employee ownership representation also plays a role and increases the inflexion points of these curvilinear relationship.
La gestion des tensions organisationnelles dans les coopératives multisociétaires à vocation sociale : le cas d’une Société Coopérative d’Intérêt Collectif dans le secteur du logement social
Authors: Maignan Marion , Arnaud Charlène , Chateau Terrisse Pascale
Published: April 2019

Cette recherche explore la nature et la gestion des tensions au sein d’une coopérative multisociétaire à vocation sociale (CMSVS). Une analyse de la littérature rappelle les tensions organisationnelles auxquelles sont soumises les CMSVS. La méthodologie déployée consiste en une étude de cas unique, s’appuyant sur une analyse de contenu thématique des entretiens semi-directifs réalisés au sein de la coopérative étudiée. Les résultats relatifs à la caractérisation et à la gestion des tensions existantes sont présentés et discutés. Ils analysent le rôle d’un statut juridique intégrateur (la SCIC) dans la gestion des tensions. Ils proposent une nouvelle représentation des CMSVS comme noeuds de tensions.
La transition des individus par des épisodes de pauvreté : de l’ajustement de la consommation à la reconfiguration identitaire
Authors: Amine Abdelmajid , Toumi Alia
Published: April 2019

Cette recherche explore les stratégies d’ajustement de la consommation mises en oeuvre par les individus traversant des épisodes de pauvreté ainsi que les arrangements identitaires à l’oeuvre lors de ces transitions. Nos résultats montrent que ces individus déploient, outre les stratégies d’ajustement mobilisées par les consommateurs « durablement pauvres », des stratégies d’émancipation du marché reposant sur la résistance à la consommation et l’adoption de comportements déviants. Ces adaptations de la consommation se doublent d’accommodements identitaires permettant d’assurer une congruence du soi avec la situation précaire vécue. Enfin, des implications sont dressées en direction du marché, des pouvoirs publics et des organisations de la société civile en vue d’inclure ces consommateurs transitoirement pauvres.
LES PRATIQUES PROFESSIONNELLES DES EXPERTS EN MATIÈRE DE GARDE ET DE DROITS D’ACCÈS
Authors: Blanchet Jennifer , Poitras Karine
Published: April 2019

La preuve expert est un incontournable afin d’éclairer les tribunaux sur les modalités de garde et de droits d’accès les plus respectueuses du meilleur intérêt de l’enfant. Or, il s’agit d’un domaine où les exigences sont élevées pour les professionnels et les experts font régulièrement l’objet de critiques. La présente étude porte sur les pratiques et les conduites professionnelles et déontologiques de 53 professionnels agissant comme experts (28 travailleurs sociaux et 25 psychologues). Les résultats illustrent l’usage de pratiques diversifiées qui varie selon la profession. Le développement de meilleures pratiques et les besoins de formation sont discutés.
LES DÉFIS DÉONTOLOGIQUES DU PSYCHOLOGUE EXPERT : RÉFLEXIONS SUR LES NOTIONS DE CONSENTEMENT, DE CLIENT ET D’IMPARTIALITÉ
Authors: Maheux Julie , Poitras Karine , Paquin-Boudreau Amélie
Published: April 2019

L’expertise psychologique s’avère essentielle afin de soutenir les décisions émises par les tribunaux. Les recommandations qui en découlent sont déterminantes pour les juges, les procureurs et les clients qui font l’objet de l’évaluation. Le psychologue expert, qui doit prendre en considération plusieurs points de vue divergents, sera inévitablement confronté à des dilemmes éthiques et déontologiques au cours de sa pratique. Le présent article présente trois vignettes cliniques, dans lesquelles seront abordés le conflit d’intérêts, le consentement, la notion de client et l’obligation d’impartialité. Enfin, nous nous pencherons sur les balises et réflexions qui devraient encadrer la prise de décision.
LES CONFLITS SÉVÈRES DE SÉPARATION : LE POINT DE VUE ET LES BESOINS DES INTERVENANTS EN PROTECTION DE LA JEUNESSE
Authors: Godbout Élisabeth , Saini Michael , Turbide Catherine
Published: April 2019

Les familles aux prises avec des conflits sévères de séparation (CSS) représentent un défi de taille pour les services de protection de la jeunesse. Cet article rend compte de l’expérience d’intervenants québécois (n = 309) dans ce type de dossiers à l’aide d’un sondage en ligne. Les résultats révèlent que cette problématique est mal définie selon les intervenants et que le mandat de la protection de la jeunesse manque de clarté dans ces dossiers. Une approche à la fois intégrée et différenciée des services psychojudiciaires est discutée pour le développement futur de l’intervention dans ce domaine.
“THINGS I CANNOT CHANGE”
Authors: Baker Collins Stephanie , Cranmer-Byng Sheila
Published: April 2019

Moral distress is an important topic, particularly given the impact of unacknowledged moral distress on professional practice, including social work. Interviews with Ontario Works (OW) case managers working in regional offices in southern Ontario form the backdrop of an analysis of moral distress in the context of a highly rule-bound environment combined with unmet needs. This study focuses particularly on the role of structural constraints, such as policy restrictions as contributors to moral distress. The concept of moral distress is complicated by noting that distress is not always in response to a desire to act in the best interest of the client. An argument is developed that situating moral distress in a discussion of professional and feminist ethics encourages a deeper analysis of the implications of moral distress for professionals working in restrictive policy environments.
RELIER LES INDIVIDUS À LEUR COMMUNAUTÉ D’APPARTENANCE
Authors: Roy Mathieu , Généreux Mélissa
Published: April 2019

La personnalisation des services est de plus en plus populaire dans le réseau de la santé et des services sociaux. Plutôt que de piger parmi des offres de services existantes, l’usager coconstruit des services selon ses besoins. Or, malgré les avancées dans ce domaine, peu d’approches de personnalisation des services existent pour répondre aux besoins des communautés. Dans ce texte, nous souhaitons contribuer au champ de la personnalisation des services en l’enrichissant d’une perspective communautaire. Vers cet objectif, nous recensons diverses approches employées en santé publique qui tiennent compte des besoins spécifiques des communautés. Nous déclinons ces approches au moyen d’interventions locales pour illustrer comment elles contribuent au développement d’une perspective communautaire à superposer au modèle actuel de personnalisation des services. Nous soutenons que la fonction promotion de la santé en santé publique permet de relier les individus à leur communauté d’appartenance au sein d’un modèle unique de personnalisation des services. Nous pensons que ce modèle intégré de personnalisation des services permettra d’une part, la coproduction de services individuels et communautaires et d’autre part, qu’il favorisera le rapprochement des acteurs des domaines de la santé publique et des services sociaux autour d’un projet commun de développement de communautés productrices de bien-être.
RESTRUCTURING SOCIAL WORK FIELD EDUCATION IN 21ST CENTURY CANADA
Authors: Ayala Jessica , Drolet Julie , Fulton Amy , Hewson Jennifer , Letkemann Lorraine , Baynton Myra , Elliott Grace , Judge-Stasiak Angela , Blaug Carrie , Gérard Tétreault Alice , Schweizer Elizabeth
Published: April 2019

Social work field education in Canada is in a state of crisis. For over two decades field education has faced increasing challenges and barriers within neoliberal contexts in higher education and the health and social services sector. These challenges have been magnified by an unprecedented growth in social work education programs and student enrolments, which has increased demand for field placements to an unsustainable level. Although some strategies for restructuring social work field education have been developed, to date little work has been done to formally identify, evaluate, and share information about these strategies across Canadian social work education programs. This article explores the current state of crisis from a solution-focused lens and describes three inter-related strategies to address critical problems with current models, practices, and processes. The strategies are presented as a Sustainability Model for Field Education. The results of a two-year study that sought to identify alternative delivery mechanisms for social work field education and promote sharing of information across social work education programs are discussed. A key recommendation is to restructure and move away from a crisis management approach by implementing strategies for enhancing the sustainability of field education.
Schlüsselwörter im Diskurs über die Frauenproteste von 2016 in Polen. Eine deutsch-polnische Vergleichsstudie
Authors: Matyjasik Krzysztof
Published: April 2019

The aim of the paper is the analysis of keywords in the discourse about the Polish womenʼs protests in 2016. The researched material consists of Polish and German press articles. In the paper, the keywords and their functions have been analyzed. On the basis of the comparative analysis, the similarities and di erences have been stated. Thanks to the conducted analysis, two views on Polish womenʼs protests have been reconstructed.
Epígrafes e diálogos na poesia de Machado de Assis
Authors: Miasso Audrey Ludmilla do Nascimento
Published: April 2019

Nas epígrafes que acompanham alguns dos poemas das Crisálidas (1864), de Machado de Assis, há o desfile de autores como Dante, Camões, Heine e Homero. O mesmo acontece nos livros de poemas seguintes, Falenas (1870) e Americanas (1875). A escolha desses nomes nos revela autores da biblioteca machadiana que o acompanharam durante toda sua carreira e que influenciaram seu modo de escrita. Tais nomes dialogam com a poesia machadiana e nos ajudam a melhor compreender a composição poética do autor, sendo não apenas fonte de abastecimento para os poemas, mas relacionando-se também com eles na questão do entendimento da obra, dando-lhes um novo sentido.
Physicochemical, Spectroscopic and Rheological Characterization of Anacardium occidentale gum Exudates
Authors: Eddy Nnabuk Okon , Udofia Inemesit , Okey Edward , Odiongenyi Anduang O. , Udofia Patrick
Published: April 2019

Anacardium occidentale gum exudate was analyzed for physicochemical, spectroscopic and rheological characteristics. Physicochemical analysis revealed that the gum is mildly acidic, ionic, extremely rich in carbohydrate and calcium. GCMS spectrum revealed the presence of some carboxylic acids, ketone and alkanes. The FTIR spectrum of the gum closely resembled those of other polysaccharides. Scanning electron micrograph revealed the presence of pores containing particles with irregular shapes. The average value of intrinsic viscosity of the gum was 3.28 dL/g, which compared favourably with those obtained for some plant gums. From the Huggins, Kraemer and Power law models, it was deduced that there is absence of molecular association and that the conformation of the gum is more rod like. Viscosity of the studied gum was found to be greatly influenced by the presence of urea, K+, Ca2+ and Al2+. Anarcadium occidentale gum exhibited a non-Newtonian property with characteristics dilatant and shears thickening properties.
Use of Information and Communication Technology by Small and Medium Enterprises in Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: Oyebiyi Oyediran George
Published: April 2019

Small and medium enterprises have emerged as promising opportunities to eliminate and reduce unemployment globally. Increasing levels of technological advancement has revolutionized the dynamics of the business terrain. However, SMEs in developing countries are yet to fully explore the benefits of Information and Communications Technology.

Survey data was collected from 75 SME ICT users and non-users in Abeokuta and Otta through a structured questionnaire using stratified random sampling technique.

Results of regression analysis revealed that demographic variable (Staff Strength) significantly influences use of ICT among SMEs while SME service delivery had no influence on ICT use. Also, analysis of variance on the categories of SMEs was not a determinant factor on the use of ICT.

The outcome of this study has implications for owners/ managers of SMEs, stakeholders, government and academic researchers in developing countries as it can provide patterns to help bridge the existing digital divide especially among Nigerian SMEs.
Kink Type Traveling Wave Solutions of Right-handed Non-commutative Burgers Equations via Extended (G0/G)-Expansion Method
Authors: . Harun-Or-Roshid
Published: April 2019

The extended (G0 /G)-expansion method is significant for finding the exact traveling wave solutions of nonlinear evolution equations (NLEEs) in mathematical physics. In this paper, we inhanced new traveling wave solutions of right-handed non-commutative burg- ers equations via extended (G0 /G)-expansion. Implementation of the method for searching exact solutions of the equation provided many new solutions which can be used to exploy some practically physical and machanical phenomena. Moreover, when the parameters are re- placed by special values, the well-known solitary wave solutions of the equation rediscovered from the traveling wave solutions and included free parameters may imply some physical meaningful results in fluid mechanics, gas dynamics, and traffic flow.