bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
‘Eastern State Socio-Economic Policy': Mission (Not) Possible?
Authors:   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS, Minakir Pavel
Published: July 2021

The interim results of the implementation of the new economic policy in relation to the Russian Far East are considered. A comparison is made of the macroeconomic and social results of the functioning of the Far Eastern economy during the period of implementation of the policy region (2015–2020) with the results recorded in the previous period of 2010–2014. The paper analyzes the report of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Far East and the Arctic of the Russian Federation on the results of the economic and social development of the region in 2020, which assesses the effectiveness of the new economic policy. An assessment of the ministry’s conclusions on achieving goals for the two main blocks of state policy implementation is offered – the formation of a stable trend of outstripping economic growth and the consolidation of the population in the region. It is shown that, within the framework of both blocks, no stable trends have been formed so far, corresponding to the quantitative parameters of the state priority in relation to the Far Eastern macroregion
Administrative and Tax Regimes in the Russian Far East: Cooperation between Investors and the State
Authors:   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS, Krivelevich Maksim
Published: July 2021

Administrative and tax regimes Free ‘Port of Vladivostok (SPV)’ and ‘Territories of Advanced Social and Economic Development (TOR)’ have become a key mechanism for reconciling the interests of the state and investors within the state policy to stimulate the economic development of the Russian Far East. However, significant proportion of projects remains unfulfilled. The state almost always receives less budgetary efficiency than initially planned. The article proposes a model of the coordination of the interests between the investor and the state based on preliminary financial modeling of projects. The interaction between the investor and the state was studied in terms of Game theory. For discrete modeling on the side of the investor it is proposed to use an approach based on Bayes’ theorem. For a one-time assessment of the economic benefits of the project, applied by the state, the technology for evaluation of option’s premium based on the Black-Scholes theorem can be used. For each potential resident of the TOR or SPV, the calculations must be made individually, but the proposed model allows us to draw several general conclusions, which can be applied as we aim to grow the cooperation between investors and the government while using the administrative and tax regimes in consideration. It is recommended to regulate the amount of infrastructure support for projects depending on their expected budgetary efficiency. The development of the government’s strategy of differentiated support for residents of TOR or SPV can change the balance of risks and benefits for potential investors and attract significant amount of foreign direct investment into the economy of the Pacific Russia. For potential TOR residents, the proposed methodology will be useful as a tool to substantiate their claims for state support, which will allow ‘real’ projects to avoid competition for land or electricity with ‘fictitious’ ones
Cross-Border Trade of Russian Regions in 2013–2019
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography, Shubin Ilia
Published: July 2021

The article examines the cross-border trade of the Russian regions, taking into account the indicators of its volume and commodity structure, and the level of economic complexity. It is concluded that the cross-border trade in Russian regions has, in general, low intensity. This is due to several factors: most of the border areas are located on the economic periphery, both of Russia and of neighboring countries, there are physical and geographical barriers in many areas, and the development of the border area is low. In some cases, the low economic potential of a neighboring country or the existing geopolitical restrictions prevent the growth of trade. Against this background, two sections of the border area stand out: the Russian-Belarusian and the Russian-Chinese. In the first case, the development of trade is facilitated by the absence of customs barriers, historic ties and ethno-cultural proximity, a high degree of infrastructure development of border areas; in the second – by the huge scale of the economy of the neighboring country and a large potential volume of trade with it. In terms of the commodity structure of cross-border trade and its complexity, Russian border regions are usually suppliers of relatively simple goods: raw materials or products of the first processing stages, and import goods of higher complexity, which generally corresponds to the foreign trade specialization of Russia. In 2013–2019, the volume of cross-border trade in Russian regions significantly decreased, mainly due to a reduction in consumer and investment imports caused by a decrease in demand. The strongest decline occurred in cross-border trade with Ukraine. The volume of cross-border trade increased during this period in the Russian-Finnish and Russian-Estonian sections of the border (due to an increase in the volume of exports of nickel matte and mineral fertilizers). The changes in the commodity structure of cross-border trade that took place in 2013–2019 indicate the consolidation of the existing specialization of Russian border regions as suppliers of raw materials and simple products in trade with neighboring countries (except for the republics of the former USSR)
STRIVING FOR SUPERIORITY TOKOH HARUMI TAKASUGI DALAM MANGA TAKASUGI SAN CHI NO OBENTOU KARYA NOZOMI YANAHARA (SEBUAH KAJIAN PSIKOLOGI SASTRA ALFRED ADLER)
Authors: Suryandari Agustina , Noor Redyanto , Kistanto Nurdin Harry
Published: July 2021

Perjuangan adalah satu hal yang harus terus diusahakan untuk memperoleh keberhasilan. Manga Takasugi san chi no Obentou karya Nozomi Yanahara dengan jelas menunjukkan proses perjuangan seorang perjaka bernama Harumi Takasugi untuk menjadi wali seorang anak di bawah umur. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui bagaimana proses perjuangan tokoh Harumi Takasugi untuk menjadi wali yang bertanggung jawab dalam manga Takasugi san Chi No Obentou karya Nozomi Yanahara. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan psikoloi sastra, dengan memanfaatkan teori Striving for Superiority yang dikemukakan oleh Alfred Adler untuk menunjukkan awal kebangkitan seseorang dari rasa inferioritasnya. Data penelitian diambil dari beberapa adegan yang menunjukkan proses perjuangan tokoh Harumi Takasugi dari kondisi inferior sampai mencapai superioritasnya. Hasil penelitian proses striving for superiority menunjukkan dengan jelas bahwa keagresifan, motivasi diri, berpikir positif, rela berkorban, dan bekerja keras menjadikan striving for superiority yang dilakukan tokoh Harumi menjadi motor penggerak untuk mengalahkan perasaan inferiornya dan bahkan kepuasan menjadi kebahagiaan yang dirasakan tokoh Harumi di dalam manga Takasugi san Chi No Obentou karya Nozomi Yanahara.
Cyclodextrin-preferring glycoside hydrolases: properties and applications
Authors: Aroob Iqra , Ahmad Nasir , Rashid Naeem
Published: July 2021

Cyclodextrin-hydrolyzing enzymes are widespread in bacteria and archaea where they play their roles in carbohydrates metabolism. They were previously characterized as cyclodextrinases, neopullulanases and maltogenic amylases. In the Carbohydrate-Active enZyme (CAZy) database, most of these enzymes are grouped into the GH13_20 subfamily of the α-amylase family GH13. Here, we have summarized the information available on the substrate specificity, structural features, physiological roles and applications of cyclodextrin-preferring glycoside hydrolases. These enzymes form a distinct group in the α-amylase family. Members of this distinct group possess an extra extension at the N-terminus, which causes a modification of the active site geometry thus making these enzymes more specific for smaller molecules like cyclodextrins than for macromolecules such as starches or pullulan. Multi-substrate specificity, hydrolytic as well as transglycosylation activities make these enzymes attractive for applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. We have tried here to collect information available on their biochemical properties, three-dimensional structures, physiological roles and potential applications.
Educational reconstruction of size-depended-properties in nanotechnology for teaching in tertiary education
Authors: Metaxas Ioannis , Michailidi Emily , Stavrou Dimitris , Pavlidis Ioannis V.
Published: July 2021

There is an overarching theme in Science Education to integrate in the school and university curriculum interdisciplinary state-of-art innovations. The field of Nanotechnology is such an example, because it combines the aforementioned interdisciplinarity and novelty with a well-documented educational value. Herein, a novel teaching approach concerning size-dependent properties at the nanoscale for chemistry and physics undergraduate students is proposed. The analysis of the scientific content and its following reconstruction for teaching purposes is based on the theoretical framework of the Model of Educational Reconstruction (MER). This analysis yielded two fundamental concepts and a series of activities that can be the main core of teaching Nanotechnology at a university level.
On the 2-rank and 4-rank of the class group of some real pure quartic number fields
Authors: Haynou Mbarek , Taous Mohammed
Published: July 2021

Let K = ℚ

(

p

d

2

4

)

$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
(\sqrt[4]{pd^{2}})
\end{array}$

be a real pure quartic number field and k = ℚ(

p

$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
\sqrt{p}
\end{array}$

) its real quadratic subfield, where p ≡ 5 (mod 8) is a prime integer and d an odd square-free integer coprime to p. In this work, we calculate r
2(K), the 2-rank of the class group of K, in terms of the number of prime divisors of d that decompose or remain inert in ℚ(

p

$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
\sqrt{p}
\end{array}$

), then we will deduce forms of d satisfying r
2(K) = 2. In the last case, the 4-rank of the class group of K is given too.
Donsker’s fuzzy invariance principle under the Lindeberg condition
Authors: Urban Roman
Published: July 2021

We prove an analogue of the Donsker theorem under the Lindeberg condition in a fuzzy setting. Specifically, we consider a certain triangular system of d-dimensional fuzzy random variables

{

X

n
,
i

∗

}
,

$\begin{array}{}
\{X_{n,i}^*\},
\end{array}$

n ∈ ℕ and i = 1, 2, …, kn
, which take as their values fuzzy vectors of compact and convex α-cuts. We show that an appropriately normalized and interpolated sequence of partial sums of the system may be associated with a time-continuous process defined on the unit interval t ∈ [0, 1] which, under the assumption of the Lindeberg condition, tends in distribution to a standard Brownian motion in the space of support functions.
Perylene and perinone pigments
Authors: Christie Robert , Abel Adrian
Published: July 2021

Perylenes and perinones are separate groups of pigments categorized within the carbonyl chemical class. The two pigment groups show similarities, for example, in their chemical structural features and, to an extent, in their technical and application properties as high-performance organic pigments. Perylenes constitute a series of firmly established high-performance pigments, offering red and violet colors, and also extending to black. Synthetically, they are derived from perylene-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic acid. The perylenes tend to be quite expensive pigments, but their high levels of fastness properties mean that they are suitable for highly demanding applications. In particular, they offer very high heat stability. Two perinone pigments are used commercially. In their synthesis from naphthalene-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic acid, they are formed as mixtures of the two isomers, which can be separated. The trans isomer, CI Pigment Orange 43, is a highly important commercial pigment, especially for plastics, while the cis isomer, CI Pigment Red 194, is bordeaux in color and is of much lesser importance. The perinone, CI Pigment Orange 43, provides a brilliant orange color and has very good fastness properties. Its commercial manufacture involves a challenging multistage procedure and consequently it is one of the most expensive organic pigments on the market.
Stability analysis of a delayed predator–prey model with nonlinear harvesting efforts using imprecise biological parameters
Authors: Pal Amit K.
Published: July 2021

In this paper, the dynamical behaviors of a delayed predator–prey model (PPM) with nonlinear harvesting efforts by using imprecise biological parameters are studied. A method is proposed to handle these imprecise parameters by using a parametric form of interval numbers. The proposed PPM is presented with Crowley–Martin type of predation and Michaelis–Menten type prey harvesting. The existence of various equilibrium points and the stability of the system at these equilibrium points are investigated. Analytical study reveals that the delay model exhibits a stable limit cycle oscillation. Computer simulations are carried out to illustrate the main analytical findings.
Honismeret és helytörténetírás a Baranyai Művelődés hasábjain
Authors: Erdős Zoltán
Published: July 2021

A Baranya megyei Tanács V.B. Művelődésügyi Bizottsága 1954-ben indította útjára az Iskoláink – Nevelőink című folyóiratot, mely később Baranyai Népművelés, Művelődési Tájékoztató, majd 1958-tól Baranyai Művelődés címmel jelent meg. A lap három és fél évtizeden keresztül meghatározó szereplője volt a megye oktatásügyi, közművelődési és honismereti diskurzusának.

A tanulmány bemutatja a folyóirat könyvészeti sajátosságait, történetét, tematikájának, rovatszerkezetének és szakmai tartalmának alakulását, valamint a szerkesztői és szerzői kör összetételét. Ennek nyomán láthatóvá válik egyfelől a honismeret tudományrendszertani helye, intézményi beágyazottsága, és a rokon szakmákhoz való kapcsolódási pontjai. Másfelől annak nyomai is kitapinthatóvá válnak, hogy a megyei művelődési igazgatás – mint a kultúrpolitika helyi reprezentánsa – milyen szerepet tulajdonított és szánt a honismereti kutató- és gyűjtőmunkának.

A Baranyai Művelődés története lényegi mozzanatokkal járul hozzá ahhoz, hogy megértsük a honismeret mint diszciplína és mint gyakorlati tevékenység módszertani és szervezeti fejlődését, jelenlegi helyzetének és társadalmi szerepének kialakulását.
A felnőttkori tanulás és a felnőttoktatás jövője - Trendek és kérdések
Authors: Németh Balázs
Published: July 2021

E rövid elemzés összefoglalja felnőttkori tanulás és felnőttoktatás közeljövőjét érintő meghatározó aktuális trendeket és kérdéseket. Ezeket a trendeket a szerző a Nemzetközi Felnőttoktatási Tanács (ICAE) 2020. évi Adult Learning and Education (ALE) – Because the Future Cannot Wait c. közleménye, valamint az UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning (UIL) Embracing the Culture of Lifelong Learning c. kiadvány alapján jelzi. E két dokumentum az UNESCO-nak az ún. Futures of Education c. oktatáspolitikai jelentés-készítéséhez háttér-anyagokként kerültek megszövegezésre. Az elemzés elkészítésének hátterében az áll, hogy idén megkezdődik a hetedik felnőttoktatási világtalálkozóra (CONFINTEA VII) történő szakmai és szakpolitikai felkészülés és ennek során regionális találkozókra kerül sor, melynek keretében mérleget vonnak a szakemberek a felnőttek oktatását és képzését érintő eredményekről és kihívásokról.

Ennek okán érdemes a témához kapcsolódó és a közelmúltban jelentős visszhangot kapott két meghatározó dokumentumot megvizsgálni, s arra reflektálni, hogy ezek milyen módon és mértékben járulnak hozzá a szakpolitikai viták szélesítéséhez, a felnőttek tanulását valóban befolyásoló tényezők tényleges figyelembevételéhez, s ezzel a felnőttek tanulási részvételének és teljesítményének növeléséhez.
Idősoktatás az online térben. Lehetőségek és kihívások
Authors: Bajusz Klára
Published: July 2021

A Covid-19 járvány okozta kényszerű távolságtartás a legtöbb közösségi, tanulási programot az online térbe száműzte. Az irányelvek, módszertani segédletek a 60 év felettieket mint célcsoportot legtöbbször figyelmen kívül hagyják. A tanulmány azt vizsgálja meg, hogy a digitális eszközökkel zajló oktatás miként alkalmazható az idősoktatásban – a koronavírus-járvány során vagy az után mennyiben változhat meg az idősek jelenléte az online térben. Statisztikai adatok alapján képet kaphatunk arról, mennyire használják az idősek az internetet és a hagyományos média eszközeit, hogyan tipizálhatóak a szeniorok IKT-eszközhasználati szokásaik alapján. Sorra vesszük, milyen didaktikai sajátosságai vannak az online idősoktatásnak: hogyan jelenik meg a digitális analfabetizmus hátráltató tényezőként; a hozzáférési nehézségek, az eszközhasználati problémák miért jelentenek problémát; milyen nehézségei vannak a gyakorlatorientált idősoktatás online térbe való átültetésének. Kiemelt kérdés, hogy mennyiben jelent pótolhatatlan hiányt a gerontoedukációban a személyes jelenlét hiánya (tanár-diák, diák-diák viszony). A tanulmány kitér arra is, milyen előnyei és hátrányai vannak az online idősoktatásnak, időskori tanulásnak, és melyek azok az alapvető didaktikai kérdések, melyek a digitális eszközök használata esetén sem hagyhatóak figyelmen kívül.
A XXI. századi kompetenciák megjelenése a 2020-as NAT-ban
Authors: Egervári Dóra , Kovács Edina
Published: July 2021

A XXI. századi kompetenciák (IKT kompetencia, média- és információs műveltség, hatékony tanulási készség) egyre nagyobb hatással vannak az életünkre. Mind a magán, mind a szakmai életünkben használjuk az egyes készségeket, képességeket, kompetenciákat, amelyeket folyamatosan tanulnunk, fejlesztenünk kell. Pár évtizede senki nem gondolta volna, hogy a digitális vagy az innovációs kompetenciát kulcskompetenciaként fogjuk megjeleníteni. Pedig így lett, és egyre nagyobb teret hódítanak az egyes eszközök, technológiák, szoftverek alkalmazásával összefüggő készségek, emellett pedig kitüntetett figyelem jut a tanulási képességeknek, az élethosszig tartó tanulásnak, hiszen mindig képesnek kell lennünk új ismeretek befogadására, készségek alkalmazására.

Tanulmányunkban a 2020-as Nemzeti Alaptantervet vizsgáljuk meg szöveg- és tartalomelemzés segítségével olyan aspektusból, hogyan jelennek meg benne a XXI. századi kompetenciák, elsősorban az információs műveltség és a digitális kompetencia, illetve ezek részkészségei.

Vizsgálatunk alapján elmondható, hogy a 2020-as NAT elemeiben tartalmazza az egyes XXI. századi kompetenciákat, azonban nem egyenlő mértékben, némelyik csak érintőlegesen kap szerepet benne, az információs műveltség pedig fogalmi szinten sem jelenik meg a dokumentumban. Pozitív jelenségként értelmezhető, hogy a kompetenciafejlesztésen belül a digitális források használata mellett a hagyományos dokumentumok és ezek használatának képessége is szerephez jut. Ám az egyes tantárgyakon belül elvárt készségszintek sajnos több helyen nem épülnek egymásra, így inkoherens módon történik a kompetenciafejlesztés.
Dunaparti anziksz, mosónők a Dunán
Authors: Ferkov Jakab
Published: July 2021

Az emberiség mindig felhasználta a folyókban, valamint folyópartokban rejlő lehetőségeket és előnyöket, ezért gyakran számos település a folyók mellett jött létre. Ilyen település Mohács is, amelynek lakói messzemenően kihasználták a Duna által nyújtott előnyöket. Ezek a lehetőségek a történelmi eseményekkel, a technikai fejlődéssel párhuzamosan és a társadalmi elvárásoknak megfelelően idővel megváltoztak, és ezzel együtt átalakult a város folyópartja is.

Kutatásom célja a mohácsi folyópart panorámájára vonatkozóan bemutatni ezt a változást, valamint egy olyan tevékenységet, amelyet a város lakói, de főleg asszonyai, felhasználva a Duna lágy vizét még a 20. század második felében is gyakoroltak.

Eredményeim egyrészt a már korábban megjelent helytörténeti kutatásokra, másrészt orális forrásokra támaszkodnak, illetve válogattam a mohácsi Kanizsai Dorottya Múzeum fotógyűjteményének anyagából is.

A lehetőségek sorában kihasználták a víziközlekedést és az ezzel együtt járó kereskedelmet, a folyón való átkelést, a halászatot és a víz energiájának segítségével az úszó vízimalmokban való őrlést. A városnak egykor két kikötője és két átkelőhelye is volt, és a sorban később helyet kapott a vízisport is, míg a dunai mosás szinte mindvégig jelen volt. A folyóban való mosásnak más módja volt nyáron és más télen. Továbbá partszakasztól függően volt egy felső és egy alsó mosóhelye. Bár a folyóban való mosás szokása a 20. század utolsó harmadára már megszűnt, a 21. század elején mohácsi sokác hagyományként ismét felelevenítették.

Talán ez is rámutat arra, hogy ha a folyóban rejlő előnyöket hozzáigazítjuk a mai társadalmi elvárásokhoz, továbbra is sok előnye származhat ennek a Duna-parti városnak.
IMPACT OF CAROB EXTRACT SUPPLEMENTATION ON CHEMICAL AND SENSORY PROPERTIES OF YOGURT AND ICE CREAM
Authors: ARSLAN KULCAN Aslı , ZOUA ASSOUMOU Ursula , AYGÜN Mine , KUZU Şirin , YILDIZ Demet , KAYA Necihan , HACIOĞLU Ahmet , KARHAN Mustafa
Published: July 2021

In this study, yogurt and ice cream were enriched with carob extract, for giving them functional properties. Three different types of ice cream were produced with three formulations in terms of carob extract concentration. In the first type only carob extract in proportions of 8, 10 and 12% was added to the mixture. The second and third types were different from the first by their aromas: respectively lemon and chocolate. The yogurt samples were produced based on a set type of yogurt procedure. According to analytical data, considerable increments in D-pinitol content, total phenolic compounds content and antioxidant activity values were observed in both of yogurt and ice cream samples with increasing carob extract added (P < 0.05). The ice cream samples supplemented at a ratio of 8% had higher points in all examined sensory attributes. With respect to the results obtained from the yogurt samples, the one supplemented at a ratio of 10% was scored significantly higher (P < 0.05) on appearance, aroma and taste.
Weavers of Film
Authors: Hirschfeld-Kroen Leana
Published: July 2021

This article uses AT&T’s 1910s–30s “Weavers of Speech” campaign to read on-screen telegraph and telephone operators as vernacular translators of cinematic syntax and hypervisible avatars for the invisible cutter girls who “knitted the pieces of film together” on studio lots. While operators largely played peripheral roles in classical films, two transitional periods saw them rise to the surface of story en masse, as if temporarily hired to sew over a rupture. A comparative analysis of telephone girls’ enlistment as temp techno-pedagogues during US film’s introduction of crosscutting and European film’s polyglot transition to sound suggests women’s film-weaving labor as an alternative to the surgical rhetoric (suture) and auteur models that dominate theories of film editing. More broadly, the article suggests that the culturally conspicuous feminization of low-level information labor offers feminist film historians a crucial “mediatrix” for uncovering woman workers hidden in the cut of film.
Elderly people's experience facing social isolation in the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Gomes Maria Alice Cavalcante , Fernandes Cristina da Silva , Fontenele Natalia Ângela Oliveira , Galindo Neto Nelson Miguel , Barros Lívia Moreira , Frota Natasha Marques
Published: July 2021

Objective: to unveil the experience of the elderly with social isolation in the pandemic of COVID-19. Methods: qualitative study, with 14 elderlies in social isolation. The content was recorded and processed using the software Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires. Results: six classes were obtained, the first focused on spirituality and pre-pandemic pleasurable activities; the second was related to missing the extra-household routine and family life; the third, to the construction of a new routine; the fourth, to the strategies adopted for the prevention of COVID-19; the fifth, to the signs/symptoms experienced during the infection; and the sixth class, to the fear of dying. Conclusion: the experience of the elderly was permeated by the adaptation of routine, adoption of preventive measures and feelings of anguish in the face of uncertainties.
Zmiana społeczna a edukacja przyszłości
Authors:   Akademia Pedagogiki Specjalnej im. M. Grzegorzewskiej w Warszawie, Szymański Mirosław Józef
Published: July 2021

The article presents problems of schools’ functioning in the conditions of social change. Social change places new demands on the school concerning the scope of knowledge and type of skills students and graduates need in preparation for work and social life, as well as relationships with other people. The author presents in the article issues of how school functions under conditions of rapid change. He notes that it is a social institution, so it changes with the whole of society. In these new, complex conditions, the school cannot cope with the growing social and economic expectations. It is still an institution strongly rooted in tradition. Therefore, it does not meet the standards of an increasingly democratic society, it does not sufficiently respond to the needs of the labour market. In this situation, school crisis is more and more often discussed in Poland and in the world. The author poses the question: What will the education of tomorrow look like? In the text, he argues that it is difficult to make optimistic predictions about the successful construction of tomorrow’s education. This state of affairs will not change until the pool of contemporary scientific knowledge in the field of pedagogy and the entirety of decision-making in educational management become completely separate fields, each of which is governed by different principles and functions as an entity existing in and of itself.
Założenia, dziedzina i implikacje praktyczne koncepcji zintegrowanych dydaktyk przedmiotowych
Authors:   Akademia Pomorska w Słupsku, Kamińska Wanda
Published: July 2021

The article presents a proposal for a model integrating students’ know- ledge and skills in the current educational system. The topic covers the assumptions of the concept and selected practical consequences of it. The increasingly worsening positioning of the school as an institution in social life makes it necessary to look for corrections to the system enabling children and teenagers to prepare for life in the 21st century. The presented concept of integrated subject didactics should be distinguished from simple cross-subject correlations. The main thesis of the article is that the integration of didactics within individual stages of education is possible, provided that we recog nize analogous cognitive structures in the content of school subjects and arrange them from the simple to the complex, taking into account real goals in education. Then it will be possible to integrate the content of subjects at individual stages of education by creating „holistic” knowledge. The school will become responsible for increasing students’ competences.
Accelerated Foreign Language Learning: Theoretical Premises
Authors:   University of Modern Knowledge w Kijowie (Ukraina), Dobryansky Ihor , Zymomrya Mykola ,   Państwowy Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. I. Franki w Drohobyczu, Vovk Olena ,   Czerkaski Uniwersytet Narodowy im. Bohdana Chmielnickiego, Zymomrya Myroslava ,   Państwowy Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. I. Franki w Drohobyczu
Published: July 2021

This article focuses on the foundations of accelerated foreign language (FL) learning. The study arises out of a need to employ in the educational process an effective methodology of mastering a FL, which can boost communication skills of learners in a short time. An emphasis is placed upon the method of Suggestopedia, its fundamental principles, structure and procedure. The study also explains its theo retical grounds, principles, benefits, and flaws.
Rodzinne uwarunkowania kompetencji hermeneutycznych
Authors:   Uniwersytet Jana Kochanowskiego w Kielcach, Klasińska Barbara
Published: July 2021

This article discusses hermeneutic competences not only comprehensively, but also vertically and horizontally, emphasizing their family determinants in particular. In such a proposed set and arrangement of content it seems possible not only to isolate the essence of those competences, but also deepen their understanding, or even initiate a dialogue and a discussion about the need for and possibilities of their improvement and acquisition during academic education for social professions. The basis of hermeneutic competences is understanding oneself, another human being, and the world and their deep, humanistic sense manifests itself in the attitude towards an individual, realised in interactions; a broad spectrum of knowledge oscillating around certainty and uncertainty and between scientific knowledge and knowledge based on biographical experience or practical professional skills; a capability of deepened reflection, endurance and acceptance of reality, even if it is opaque and not always possible to plan for, and not persuading ourselves and others that that we have everything under control.
Wybrane możliwości współpracy środowiska rodzinnego i przedszkolnego
Authors:   Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy, Sobieszczyk Maria , Wojciechowska Katarzyna ,   Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy
Published: July 2021

A kindergarten gives extensive opportunities for cooperation with parents. The article is limited to present two aspects of cooperation. One area concerns health education, which can and should combine and integrate the activities of kindergarten teachers and parents, concerning children’s knowledge acquisition and formation of health-oriented behaviour. The second area concerns preparing preschool children for the future role of a tourist. Advantages of tourism for a child’s development were presented, including trips as an organizational form of kindergarten work. In addition to evidence confirming the numerous cognitive, health, cultural, and aesthetic values of trips, the importance of cooperation between a kindergarten and parents in this regard was highlighted. The article also contains many proposals for methodological solutions for the discussed issues.
Operation of geodetic GNSS instruments under chirp signal L1 jamming
Authors: Dimc Franc , Pavlovčič Prešeren Polona , Bažec Matej
Published: July 2021

This paper presents the results of a vulnerability test of several geodetic Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers in case of intentional signal interference in the frequency L1 for GPS (Global Positioning System). Nine instruments from different manufacturers (i.e., Leica Geosystems AG, Trimble Inc., Javad GNSS) were tested. The test was based on static and kinematic jamming. A static scenario with three-minute interruptions was followed by experiments with a stationary jammer located at distances from 10 m to 160 m from the receivers. For short-term kinematic interference, the jammer was installed in the vehicle, which passed the GNSS instruments at different speeds. An analysis of different scenarios showed that the jammer interrupted GPS but not GLONASS signals in certain situations. Since Galileo was not nominally operational at the time of the July 2019 measurements, only GPS and GLONASS were eligible for the study. The geodetic GNSS instruments reacted to the interruptions with a decreased signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) and either with a complete inability to determine the code/phase position or with an incorrect calculation of phase ambiguities (initialization), which also affected the quality of the positioning. The proximity of the jammer played the most significant role in the complete inability to receive the signal; however, for the incorrect positioning longer duration of jamming was also a reason.
Least-squares adjustment taking into account the errors in variables
Authors: Marjetič Aleš
Published: July 2021

In this article, we discuss the procedure for computing the values of the unknowns under the condition of the minimum sum of squares of the observation residuals (least-squares method), taking into account the errors in the unknowns. Many authors have already presented the problem, especially in the field of regression analysis and computations of transformation parameters. We present an overview of the theoretical foundations of the least-squares method and extensions of this method by considering the errors in unknowns in the model matrix. The method, which can be called ‘the total least-squares method’, is presented in the paper for the case of fitting the regression line to a set of points and for the case of calculating transformation parameters for the transition between the old and the new Slovenian national coordinate systems. With the results based on relevant statistics, we confirm the suitability of the considered method for solving such tasks.
Competência autoria digital de idosos: uma revisão sistemática da literatura acerca dos conceitos
Authors: Kin Slodkowski Bruna , Mayumi Akazaki Jacqueline , Rocha Machado Leticia , Alejandra Behar Patricia
Published: July 2021

O artigo tem por objetivo analisar acerca da autoria e competências digitais de idosos no contexto da educação. O número de ferramentas digitais desenvolvidas para a produção de materiais digitais cresce anualmente e, em paralelo, o interesse em criar conteúdo por idosos. Assim, é importante, investigar sobre o processo de autoria digital dos seniores nesse contexto. Nesta pesquisa, compreende-se que a autoria digital é uma competência. A metodologia adotada foi a revisão sistemática da literatura na qual se utilizou como fonte de pesquisa 9 bases no período entre 2015 e 2020. Foram analisados 138 artigos sobre a temática, sendo que somente 6 passaram pelos critérios de inclusão. Os dados apontaram que nenhum dos estudos compreendem a autoria digital como uma competência para idosos. A partir disso, foi possível perceber uma lacuna entre a conexão dos conceitos de competências, pois em 83,35% dos estudos estão dissociados. Por fim, constatou-se que em 100% das pesquisas a inclusão digital de idosos surge através de cursos educacionais, no qual é possível ensinar acerca das tecnologias digitais como parte de um processo para a construção de competências digitais.
The measurable parameters of balance trainings in case of young healthy adults: Improved balance confidence or better postural stability? A pilot study
Authors: Posa G. , Farkasinszky D. , Margithazi T. , Nagy E.
Published: July 2021

Purpose

The objective of this pilot study was to compare the effects of two parallel balance trainings on postural sway and balance confidence. The study was performed in different contexts with stable vs. unstable base of support and balance confidence was measured with a scale modified for young adults with higher functional level.

Materials/methods

Twenty healthy female physiotherapist students volunteered for the study and took part in a six-week balance training intervention. They were randomly assigned to two groups training on different support surfaces. Postural sway was recorded under various conditions: on different surfaces (firm, foam) and with different visual conditions (eyes open (EO), eyes closed (EC)). Modified Activities-specific Balance Confidence (mABC) scale was self-evaluated.

Results

Both types of training caused a significant improvement in the mABC scores. The sway path increased after the training in the less challenging balance situations. We found a tendency of decreasing sway path only in the more challenging balance situations, that is standing on foam mounted on force plate with EC.

Conclusions

Considering the improved balance confidence in the case of both groups, we suggest that an increase in sway path after balance training may be the behavioural sign of the higher confidence in the less challenging balance situations.
Visione messianica e realismo della storia in Giovanni Paolo II
Authors: Signifredi Massimiliano
Published: July 2021

Paweł Rojek in his Liturgia dziejów [Liturgy of History] rightly pointed the importance of Polish messianism for the understanding of John Paul II. It is especially convincing when one consider the early poetry of the future Pope, the testimony of his personal secretary sister Emilia Ehrlich, and the importance of suffering, both in theological reflexion, and personal life of John Paul II. Nevertheless, papal messianism was a very special kind. First, the concept of nation, adopted by John Paul II, did not exclude the universal dimension of humanity. The pope applied the principles of his theology of nation not only for Poland, but also for many others nations, and in many occasions prised the multinational political formations. Secondly, for him, the missions of nations were connected rather with martyrdom than historical victories. Most importantly, John Paul II united the messianistic vision with a very realistic approach to the history. In result, his ideas turned out to be a fatal threat for communist regimes in Eastern Europe. The Solidarity movement in Poland, inspired by John Paul II, might be seen as an attempt of realisation of this specific messianistic vision.
Supercritical carbon dioxide as a tool for improving the biocompatible properties of biopolymer and tissue specific scaffolds for tissue engineering
Authors: Nemets E. A. , Lazhko A. E. , Grigoryev A. M. , Belov V. Yu. , Surguchenko V. A. , Basok Yu. B. , Kirillova A. D. , Sevastianov V. I.
Published: July 2021

Objective: to investigate the efficacy of supercritical carbon dioxide (sc-CO2) for enhancштп the biocompatibility of biopolymer scaffolds from biodegradable materials and tissue-specific scaffolds from decellularized porcine liver slices (PLSs) or fine porcine cartilage particles (FPCPs).

Materials and methods. Biopolymer scaffolds of a polyoxy(butyrate-co-valerate) and gelatin copolymer composition, 4 mm in diameter and 80 mm in length, were formed by electrospinning (NANON-01A, MECC CO, Japan) and stabilized by incubation in glutaraldehyde vapor for 48 hours at room temperature. For decellularization, PLSs and FPCPs were incubated under periodic stirring in buffer (pH = 7.4) solutions of sodium dodecyl sulfate (0.1%) and Triton X-100 with increasing concentrations (1, 2, and 3%). Treatment in a sc-CO2 atmosphere was done at 150–300 bar pressure, 35 °C temperature, and 0.25–2.5 mL/min flow rate of sc-CO2 for 8–24 hours. 10% ethanol was introduced as a polarity modifier. Cytotoxicity was studied according to GOST ISO 10993-5-2011. The growth of NIH/3T3 in the presence of samples was studied using an interactive optical system IncuCyte Zoom.

Results. The effect of the sc-CO2 flow rate and pressure, and the effect of addition of ethanol, on the biocompatibility of scaffolds was investigated. It was found that treatment at a low sc-CO2 flow rate (0.25 mL/min) does not achieve the required cytotoxicity. Complete absence of cytotoxicity in biopolymer scaffolds was achieved in the presence of 10% ethanol, at a sc-CO2 flow rate of 2.5 mL/min, 300 bar pressure and 35 °C temperature after 8 hours of treatment. Effective removal of cytotoxic detergents from decellularized liver occurs already at a 150-bar pressure and does not require the addition of ethanol. Adding ethanol to sc-CO2 eliminates not only the cytotoxic, but also the cytostatic effect of tissue-specific scaffolds.

Conclusion. Sc-CO2 treatment is an effective way to enhance the biocompatibility of three-dimensional porous matrices produced using cytotoxic substances: bifunctional crosslinking agents for biopolymer scaffolds and surfactants in the case of tissue-specific matrices. Addition of ethanol as a polarity modifier improves the treatment efficiency by eliminating both cytotoxic and cytostatic effects.
Evaluation of the biocompatibility and antimicrobial properties of biodegradable vascular grafts of various polymer composition with atrombogenic and antimicrobial drug coating
Authors: Antonova L. V. , Krivkina E. O. , Silnikov V. N. , Gruzdeva O. V. , Rezvova M. A. , Akentieva T. N. , Glushkova T. V. , Tkachenko V. O. , Sakharova V. M. , Barbarash L. S.
Published: July 2021

Creation of vascular grafts with atrombogenic and antimicrobial coating is a very important area.

Objective: to evaluate the biocompatibility and antimicrobial properties of biodegradable vascular grafts of various polymer compositions with atrombogenic and antimicrobial drug coating.

Materials and methods. Modification of the surface of the biodegradable vascular grafts was performed through complexation with polyvinylpyrrolidone, which was polymerized with polymer scaffold surface by means of ionizing radiation at 10 and 15 kGy. Physical and mechanical properties, as well as hemocompatibility were evaluated. Bacteriological studies were carried out using test strains of gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms: Klebsiella pneumoniae spp. ozaena No. 5055, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Proteus mirabillis ATCC3177, Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Results. There was no influence of modifying manipulations with ionizing radiation on the physical and mechanical characteristics of biodegradable prostheses. Vascular grafts with atrombogenic and antimicrobial coatings exhibited atrombogenic properties upon contact with blood, reducing platelet aggregation by 5–7 times (p < 0.05). Also decrease in adhesion and platelets deformation index was found on the surface of drug-eluting scaffolds (for PCL-based prostheses, the latter decreased by 1.9 times relative to unmodified counterparts (p < 0.05), for PHBV/PCL-based prostheses – by 1.3 times relative to unmodified counterparts and 1.5 times relative to scaffolds with polyvinylpyrrolidone (p < 0.05). Bacteriological studies revealed a local inhibitory effect in the place where scaffolds with cationic amphiphile were applied on agar. No growth retardation zones were identified. Polymeric composition of the scaffolds and the used dose of ionizing radiation did not lead to a difference in the bacteriostatic properties of the scaffolds with amphiphile.

Conclusion. A full cycle of surface modification of biodegradable polymer prostheses based on both PCL and РHBV/PCL composition resulted in significant increase in the atrombogenic and antimicrobial properties of prostheses and did not worsen the physical-mechanical and biocompatible properties of the structures being developed.
Rotational coronary angiography in heart transplant recipients
Authors: Sakhovsky S. A. , Kalchenko E. A. , Mironkov B. L.
Published: July 2021

As a screening method for detecting coronary lesions, coronary angiography (CAG) is becoming increasingly important in the activities of transplant centers. Angiography examination of coronary arteries is performed in potential recipients of various organs, related donors, and annually in heart recipients. Given the grave condition of recipients in the early post-transplant period and annual angiographic studies, it is necessary to strive for reduction of radiation load on the body and reduction of dose of X-ray contrast agents used.

Objective: to assess the possibilities of using rotational CAG in the activities of transplant centers.

Materials and methods. We observed 254 patients who underwent CAG. Their ages ranged from 21 to 79 years (mean 46.92 ± 1), and 90% were men. All patients were divided into two groups: group 1 included 142 patients who underwent rotational CAG, while group 2 was the control group (where classical polyprojection CAG was performed) and included 112 patients. Group 1 was divided into 2 subgroups – the subgroup of patients after heart transplantation who underwent endomyocardial biopsy along with CAG (n = 51), and the subgroup of patients who underwent only rotational CAG.

Results. In 91% of patients, CAG was performed by radial access. In group 1, stenotic lesions were detected in 33 patients: 19 had single-vessel lesions, 9 had two-vessel lesions, and 5 had three-vessel lesions. A total of 56 hemodynamically significant stenoses were detected, 9 of which were chronic total occlusions. In 83 patients (60%), performing only 2 series of rotational scans (one left and one right coronary artery) was sufficient. In 32 (23%) patients, one more clarifying projection was required, in 17 patients two and in 9 – 3–5 additional projections. In 3 cases, we switched to polyprojection CAG. The average amount of contrast agent used was 24.4 ± 0.9 ml, the average X-ray dose was 34561.3 ± 1695.2 mGycm2. The need for a contrast agent was significantly higher in the comparison group – 24.4 ± 0.9 mL and 103.5 ± 1.7 mL, respectively. The average X-ray dose in the main group was 34561.3 ± 1695.2 mGycm2, in the comparison group 41430.9 ± 4141.7 mGycm2. However, there was no significant difference between the groups. Subgroup analysis showed that patients who underwent only rotational CAG had lower radiation exposure compared to patients who underwent CAG combined with endomyocardial biopsy biopsy (EMB), as well as significantly lower load compared to the control group.

Conclusion. Rotational CAG can be considered as the method of choice at transplant centers, where screening diagnostics of the state of the coronary bed is required, which is equivalent in terms of information content and safety. Rotational CAG allows to reduce the amount of injected contrast agent by more than three times, which in turn reduces the number of associated complications, as well as the radiation exposure of patients and medical personnel.
Coronavirus infection and nursing care for children and adolescents with cancer
Authors: Silva-Rodrigues Fernanda Machado , Silva Jennifer Kamila da , Felix Adriana Maria da Silva
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: Reflect on the implications of COVID-19 for the nursing care of pediatric oncology patients. Methods: Theoretical and reflective essay, based on recent scientific publications and expert recommendations on the care of pediatric patients under cancer treatment in the context of the current pandemic. Results: Reflected on the involvement of the pediatric population in general by COVID-19, the vulnerability of pediatric oncology patients to the complications of the disease and the likely challenges for their care. The pandemic demanded a rapid adaptation of health services in terms of patient care flow, care protocols, infection prevention measures, and redefinition of cancer therapy, with repercussions for professionals, patients, and their families. Final considerations: It is not yet known how often or how severely children with cancer have been affected by COVID-19, but therapeutic and care adaptations for the maintenance of these patients’ treatment in the pandemic context are noted.
Coping strategies, concerns, and habits of Brazilian men in the COVID-19 context
Authors: Sousa Anderson Reis de , Teixeira Jules Ramon Brito , Mota Tilson Nunes , Santana Thiago da Silva , Santos Sélton Diniz dos , Merces Magno Conceição das , Carvalho Evanilda Souza de Santana , Sousa Álvaro Francisco Lopes
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe coping strategies, concerns and habits of Brazilian men during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Cross-sectional, descriptive and nationwide study, carried out in 2020 with a total of 1015 men living in Brazil. A descriptive statistic was used. Results: Young (41.2%), black (61.4%), highly educated (66.8%), high income (33.2%), living with family/friends (49.7%) and formal workers (65.6%) predominated. As coping strategies predominated: exclusive use of the private health system (36.4%), support from family/friends (78.2%) and leisure (97.7%) and domestic activities (64.9 %). Social distancing (59.7%), economic (58.0%) and work situations (44.4%) were the main reasons for concern. Among the prevention/control attitudes, hand washing (94.3%) and social distancing (91.0%) prevailed. Media consumption (84.6%) and health risk (65.4%) were the main increased habits. Conclusion: Brazilian men adopted coping strategies recommended by health authorities, with concerns and habits of potential risk to physical and mental health.