bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimal Method for Allocation of Tractors and Trailers in Daily Dispatches of Road Drops and Pull Transport
Authors: Chen Hao , Wang Wenxian , Cheng Birong , Zhou Min
Published: October 2022

The domestic road drop and pull transportation system allows only tractors and semitrailers. In this mode, any tractors can only run with one semitrailer at a time or with no load. By optimizing the tractor scheduling plan, the no-load mileage of the tractor can be reduced, which can improve the efficiency and reduce the number of tractors. In this article, we have developed an optimization model for the tractor routing scheme to minimize the total cost of the drop and pull transportation system, which can limit the total number of tractors because the tractor can transport as many semitrailers to the destination as possible within the time window. Focusing on this mixed integer nonlinear problem, an improved ant search algorithm is designed. Finally, with Sichuan’s Anji Logistics Enterprise as the background, this tractor scheduling optimization model is applied to an ideal network and a real scenario. The results show that the optimized system reduces total cost by approximately18.7% and the ratio of tractors to semitrailers is approximately 1 : 3.31.
The Seepage‐Destruction Mechanism of Water Inrush Channel of Sandstone Fault Filling Using the EDEM‐Fluent Method
Authors: Cai Wenya , Wang Yan , He Fujun , Zhang Pengyuan , Sun Shuo
Published: October 2022

By the EDEM‐Fluent coupling calculation method, the formation mechanism of the seepage failure water inrush channel and the migration of particles in the sandstone fault filling body are studied. Under the condition of variable hydraulic gradient, the whole seepage process can be divided into three stages: slow seepage stage, sudden seepage stage, and stable seepage stage. In the stage of slow seepage, the mass of lost particles is small. In the stage of sudden seepage, particles are lost on a large scale. In the stable seepage stage, the model is basically in a stable state. During the seepage process, the particles in the outlet zone will move before the particles in the inlet zone under the action of the seepage force. The overall movement trend of particles can be predicted, while the movement trajectory of a single particle is irregular. The change trend of the contact quantity between particles is basically consistent with the change in the quality of the lost particles. Moreover, the change in the contact quantity of particles is caused by the loss of the filler particles.
Ultrasonography Combined with Blood Biochemistry on the Early Diagnosis of Diabetic Kidney Disease
Authors: Lin Jing , Liu Guangde , Lin Yuxuan , Wei Chao , Liu Sujun , Xu Youhua
Published: October 2022

Objective. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has been well recognized as a microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus. Perfusion of intrarenal arteries is closely related with development of DKD. The aim of the present study was to investigate relation of ultrasonography performance of intrarenal arteries and grade of DKD. Methods. From May to December at 2021, a total of 54 DKD patients and 36 non-DKD cases were recruited. Ultrasonography performance of intrarenal and arteries at lower extremity was examined by high-resolution ultrasound diagnostic equipment; maximum (Vsmax) as well as minimum (Vdmin) blood velocity of arteries were recorded, and resistance index (RI) of arteries were calculated. Blood routine and biochemical parameters were determined from clinical laboratory of our hospital. Results. According to eGFR grading, 42.50% of the 54 DKD cases are at Grade 1, and 18.52%, 11.11%, 9.26%, and 18.52% cases were at Grade 2, 3a, 3b, and 4-5, respectively. Blood urea and creatinine were significantly positively related with progress of DKD, while level of Hb was negatively related with DKD. By ultrasonography; we found that Vsmax and Vdmin of main renal artery (MRA), segmental renal artery (SRA), and interlobular renal artery (IRA) were significantly reduced compared with healthy cases; IR of the above arteries was dramatically elevated, and changes of the above data were more obvious than that of lower extremity. Vdmin of MRA, SRA, and IRA was negatively related with grading of DKD, while RI was positively related with the grading. Converging from RI and level of Hb, we found that the level of Hb is positively related with healthy status of the kidney, while RI of the arteries is negatively with that. Conclusions. Resistance index (RI) of intrarenal arteries, obtained from ultrasonography combining with level of hemoglobin (Hb), is the predictor of progress of DKD.
New Subclass of
K
-Uniformly Univalent Analytic Functions with Negative Coefficients Defined by Multiplier Transformation
Authors: Alharayzeh Ma’moun I. Y. , Ghanim Firas
Published: October 2022

In this work, we shall derive a new subclass of univalent analytic functions denoted by

H

α
,
β
,
γ
,
k
,
λ
,
m

in the open unit disk

D
=

z
∈
ℂ
:

z

<
1

which is defined by multiplier transformation. Coefficient inequalities, growth and distortion theorem, extreme points, and radius of starlikeness and convexity of functions belonging to the subclass are obtained.
Connection Characteristics and Hierarchical Structure of China’s Urban Network‐Based on the Communications Technology Service Industry
Authors: Liu Hailong , Zhang Yu , Sang Ziyu , Wang Weiqiao , Zhang Liping , Li Man
Published: October 2022

Considering the importance of China’s digital economy, industrial Internet, and high‐quality development, this study analyzed China’s urban network from the perspective of the communications technology service industry. Three sub‐networks (R & D, sales, and investment) and a comprehensive network were constructed. The density, centrality, and cohesive subgroups of the above network were identified. The results show that: (1) cohesion of urban networks in China is weak and resource sharing is low. (2) From west to east, the urban network forms a multilevel diamond structure in the periphery, a parallelogram structure in the semiperiphery, and a triangle structure in the center. (3) The spatial distribution of cohesive subgroups is scattered, disobeying the first law of geography. By constructing sub‐networks and a comprehensive network, the subnetworks that dominate China’s urban networks were identified and their typical characteristics described. This study clarifies the technical support pattern behind China’s digital economy development and industrial internet construction and provides a basis for policy‐makers to optimize the country’s high‐quality development in the future.
Rhino-Orbital-Cerebral Mucormycosis: A Rare Complication of Uncontrolled Diabetes
Authors: Alanazi Rahaf F. , Almalki Abdulrahman , Alkhaibary Ali , AlSufiani Fahd , Aloraidi Ahmed
Published: October 2022

Introduction. Fungal infection of the central nervous system has become more common over the past two decades. It is frequently diagnosed in patients with underlying pathological conditions. We herein report a case of rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis by outlining the clinical presentation, radiological images, histopathological findings, management plan, and its clinical outcome. Case Description. A 47-year-old man, known to have type 2 diabetes mellitus, presented with severe headache involving the left side of the face, numbness along the left V2 trigeminal nerve, ptosis and dryness of the left eye, short-term memory loss, and right hand numbness. He had a social history of being a bee farmer for which he was exposed to bee stings several times in the past. Neuroradiological imaging showed a left temporal ring-enhancing lesion, suggestive of abscess. The patient underwent craniotomy and resection of the lesion. The histopathological evaluation was suggestive of cerebral mucormycosis, fungal sinusitis, and invasive skull base mucormycosis. Conclusion. Rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis is a fulminant fungal infection commonly diagnosed in patients with uncontrolled diabetes. Early diagnosis with radiological and histopathological evaluation is required to identify patients at risk of rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis.
Does Rocuroinum Dose Adjusted Due to Lean Body Weight Provide Adequate Intubation Conditions?: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Demiroz Duygu , Colak Yusuf Ziya , Iclek Sumeyye Koc , Erdogan Mehmet Ali , Yagci Neslihan Altunkaya , Durmus Mahmut , Gulhas Nurcın
Published: October 2022

Introduction and Aim. There is no consensus on the weight parameters to use when titrating the dosage of the neuromuscular blocking agents during intubation. In our study, we administered rocuronium, based on either the lean body weight (LBW) or the total body weight in patients with body mass index (BMI) of 18.5 to 34.9 and compared the duration of action of the drug and its effects on tracheal intubation conditions and hemodynamic parameters. Methods. This is a prospective, observational study. Patients between the ages of 18 and 65 with BMI of 18.5–34.9, who are expected to be under general anesthesia for less than 6 hours, were divided into 3 groups according to their BMI (Group 1 BMI = 18.5–24.9, Group 2 BMI = 25–29.9, Group 3 BMI = 30–34.9). These groups were randomly divided into 2 subgroups: Groups LBW; 1 LBW, 2 LBW, and 3 LBW were given rocuronium intubation dosages based on their LBW while control groups; 1K, 2K, and 3K were given 0.6 mg/kg rocuronium according to their total body weight. The data on the duration of action of rocuronium and its effects on the endotracheal intubation conditions were evaluated. Results. In Group 1, T1 time was found to be significantly longer (

p
=
0.001

). Intubation score and the use of additional rocuronium dose were found to be significantly higher in Group 1 LBW than in Group 1K (

p
=
0.001

). In Group 1, an additional rocuronium dose was needed to achieve optimal intubation conditions for subgroup 1 LBW. Rocuronium duration of action was found to be significantly longer in control groups 2 and 3, that received TBW-based dosage. Conclusion. In adult patients with a BMI of 18.5 and 24.9 BMI, we report optimal intubation conditions with the LBW-adjusted rocuronium dosage. This trial is registered with NCT05476952.
Intelligent Ensemble Deep Learning System for Blood Glucose Prediction Using Genetic Algorithms
Authors: Kim Dae-Yeon , Choi Dong-Sik , Kang Ah Reum , Woo Jiyoung , Han Yechan , Chun Sung Wan , Kim Jaeyun
Published: October 2022

Forecasting blood glucose (BG) values for patients can help prevent hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia events in advance. To this end, this study proposes an intelligent ensemble deep learning system to predict BG values in 15, 30, and 60 min prediction horizons (PHs) based on historical BG values collected via continuous glucose monitoring devices as an endogenous factor and carbohydrate intake and insulin administration information (times) as exogenous factors. Although there are numerous deep learning algorithms available, this study applied five algorithms, namely, recurrent neural network (RNN), which is optimized for sequence data (e.g., time‐series), and RNN‐based algorithms (e.g., long short‐term memory (LSTM), stacked LSTM, bidirectional LSTM, and gated recurrent unit). Then, a genetic algorithm (GA) was applied to the five prediction models to optimize their weights through ensemble techniques and to yield (output) the final predicted BG values. The performance of the proposed model was compared to that of the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model as a baseline. The results show that the proposed model significantly outperforms the baseline in terms of the root mean square error (RMSE) and continuous glucose error grid analysis. For the valid 29 diabetic patients for the multivariate models, the RMSE was 11.08 (±3.19), 19.25 (±5.28), and 31.30 (±8.81) mg/DL for 15, 30, and 60 min PH, respectively. When the same data were applied to univariate models, the RMSE was 11.28 (±3.34), 19.99 (±5.59), and 33.13 (±9.27) mg/DL for 15, 30, and 60 min PH, respectively. Both the univariate and multivariate models showed a statistically significant difference compared with the baseline at a 5% statistical significance level. Instead of using a model with a single algorithm, applying a GA based on each output of a model with multiple algorithms was found to play a significant role in improving model performance.
Intelligent Evaluation Algorithm of English Writing Based on Semantic Analysis
Authors: Wang Jing , Liu Bin
Published: October 2022

In order to solve the intelligent evaluation of English writing, this paper proposes a method based on the English semantic neural network algorithm. This paper first briefly analyzes the research background of the English semantic analysis system, then expounds on the relevant technologies of the English distance similarity algorithm, semantic analysis intelligent algorithm structure, word analysis algorithm, sentence part of speech analysis algorithm, sentence semantic analysis algorithm, and neural network algorithm, and finally expounds the database and method implementation of the English semantic analysis system, so as to provide guarantee for the design of the English semantic analysis system. The experimental results show that the recognition accuracy of the BRF network for English characters can reach 96.35%, which is 7.79% higher than that of the BP network; the AUC of the BRF network reaches 0.89, which is closer to 1 compared with 0.72 of the BP network. The test results are in good agreement with the antinoise curve test results of the figure. It is proved that the English semantic neural network algorithm can effectively improve the accuracy of English translation and further improve the efficiency of the system.
Relationship Discovery and Hierarchical Embedding for Web Service Quality Prediction
Authors: Bu Hualong , Xia Jing , Wu Qilin , Chen Liping
Published: October 2022

Web Services Quality Prediction has become a popular research theme in Cloud Computing and the Internet of Things. Graph Convolutional Network (GCN)-based methods are more efficient by aggregating feature information from the local graph neighborhood. Despite the fact that these prior works have demonstrated better prediction performance, they are still challenged as follows: (1) first, the user-service bipartite graph is essentially a heterogeneous graph that contains four kinds of relationships. Previous GCN-based models have only focused on using some of these relationships. Therefore, how to fully mine and use the above relationships is critical to improving the prediction accuracy. (2) After the embedding is obtained from the GCNs, the commonly used similarity calculation methods for downstream prediction need to traverse the data one by one, which is time-consuming. To address these challenges, this work proposes a novel relationship discovery and hierarchical embedding method based on GCNs (named as RDHE), which designs a dual mechanism to represent services and users, respectively, designs a new community discovery method and a fast similarity calculation process, which can fully mine and utilize the relationships in the graph. The results of the experiment on the real data set show that this method greatly improved the accuracy of the web service quality prediction.
Petrophysical Regression regarding Porosity, Permeability, and Water Saturation Driven by Logging-Based Ensemble and Transfer Learnings: A Case Study of Sandy-Mud Reservoirs
Authors: Zhang Shenghan , Gu Yufeng , Gao Yinshan , Wang Xinxing , Zhang Daoyong , Zhou Liming
Published: October 2022

From a general review, most petrophysical models applied for the conventional logging interpretation imply that porosity, permeability, or water saturation mathematically have a linear or nonlinear relationship with well logs, and then arguing the prediction of these three parameters actually is accessible under a regression of logging sequences. Based on this knowledge, ensemble learning technique, partially developed for fitting problems, can be regarded as a solution. Light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM) is proved as one representative of the state-of-the-art ensemble learning, thus adopted as a potential solver to predict three target reservoir characters. To guarantee the predicting quality of LightGBM, continuous restricted Boltzmann machine (CRBM) and Bayesian optimization (Bayes) are introduced as assistants to enhance the significance of input logs and the setting of employed hyperparameters. Thereby, a new hybrid predictor, named CRBM-Bayes-LightGBM, is proposed for the prediction task. To validate the working performance of the proposed predictor, the basic data derived from the member of Chang 8, Jiyuan Oilfield, Ordos Basin, Northern China, is collected to launch the corresponding experiments. Additionally, to highlight the validating effect, three sophisticated predictors, including k-nearest neighbors (KNN), support vector regression (SVR), and random forest (RF), are introduced as competitors to implement a contrast. Since ensemble learning models universally will cause an underfitting issue when dealing with a small-volumetric dataset, transfer learning in this circumstance will be employed as an aided technique for the core predictor to achieve a satisfactory prediction. Then, three experiments are purposefully designed for four validated predictors, and given a comprehensive analysis of the gained experimented results, two critical points are concluded: (1) compared to three competitors, LightGBM-cored predictor has capability to produce more reliable predicted results, and the reliability can be further improved under a usage of more learning samples; (2) transfer learning is really functional in completing a satisfactory prediction for a small-volumetric dataset and furthermore has access to perform better when serving for the proposed predictor. Consequently, CRBM-Bayes-LightGBM combined with transfer learning is solidly demonstrated by a stronger capability and an expected robustness on the prediction of porosity, permeability, and water saturation, which then clarify that the proposed predictor can be viewed as a preferential selection when geologists, geophysicists, or petrophysicists need to finalize a characterization of sandy-mud reservoirs.
Prenatal and Early Postnatal Outcomes for Fetuses with Anatomic or Functional Renal Agenesis
Authors: Ogundipe Eniola A. , Behrendt Nicholas , Leavitt Colton , Reynolds Regina , Vemulakonda Vijaya M.
Published: October 2022

Introduction: The advent of novel fetal interventions has increased interest in interventions for previously “lethal” anomalies such as bilateral renal agenesis or other congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) associated with in utero renal failure. While there have been rare reports of successful births following intervention in these cases, there is a paucity of data regarding the risks, benefits, and outcomes of intervention. To address this gap, this study presents our experience with fetal intervention for anatomic or functional renal agenesis. Case Presentation: A retrospective review was conducted for patients referred to the Colorado Fetal Care Center (CFCC) between 2013 and 2019 for evaluation of CAKUT anomalies. Eligibility was determined by a multidisciplinary team. Amnioinfusion was scheduled prior to 24 weeks gestation, with normal saline or lactated ringers infused as needed to obtain a “normal” amniotic fluid volume. During this time period, a total of 5 cases received fetal amnioinfusion for treatment of bilateral renal agenesis or bladder outlet obstruction. All 5 cases reached birth. 3/5 cases expired on day one of life. 1/2 of the remaining infants expired at 3 months secondary to peritoneal dialysis failure. The remaining infant is 4 years. Developmentally, she is on track with cognitive and language skills but is behind with general motor skills. We observed a 30-day mortality of 60% and 1-year mortality of 80%. Conclusions: Individuals carrying a pregnancy complicated by CAKUT anomalies face a difficult choice when considering intervention. Morbidity and mortality remain high at this stage of this evolving therapy, including difficulty with retaining infused intra-amniotic fluid >72 h and complications with peritoneal dialysis after birth. The surviving infant in this case series is 4 years. She currently awaits renal transplantation. These findings reinforce that treatment of these cases should remain experimental and large-scale multicenter trials are needed to determine the optimal indications for prenatal intervention.
Temperature increase impairs recognition among nestmates in the social wasp Polybia paulista H. von Ihering, 1896 (Vespidae: Polistinae: Epiponini)
Authors: Michelutti Kamylla Balbuena , Batista Nathan Rodrigues , Lima-Junior Sidnei Eduardo , Cardoso Claudia Andrea Lima , Antonialli-Junior William Fernando
Published: October 2022

Cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) of most terrestrial arthropods primarily serve as a protective barrier against desiccation and infection. Throughout evolution, these compounds have acquired another fundamental function: the exchange of signals during interactions between nestmates. However, even though cuticular hydrocarbons perform a dual function in social insects, little is known about the effect(s) of one function on the other in social insects, and no study has evaluated this relationship in social wasps. Therefore, the present study tests the hypothesis that the level of aggressiveness presented during induced encounters between nestmates of Polybia paulista who were subjected to different conditions temperature is different than between nestmates who remained under the same temperature conditions. If the hypothesis is confirmed, it is likely because the cuticle of the wasps that had been exposed to temperature variation adjusted to these conditions leading them not to recognize the cuticular chemical signature of their colony. To test this hypothesis, workers were exposed to temperature variation in a BOD chamber and then subjected to encounters with workers who were maintained at a constant temperature of 24℃. We also used control groups to evaluate the effect of isolation alone among the groups. According to our results, our hypothesis was confirmed, the level of aggressiveness presented between nestmates who were exposed to temperature variation and those who remained at 24℃ was significantly higher than the levels of aggressiveness presented between nestmates who remained isolated but under constant temperature during the same period, in some cases, it was similar to the aggressiveness presented in encounters between wasps from different colonies. During these encounters, wasps performed alarm behavior, bites, and stings not seen during encounters between wasps that remained under the same temperature, but in isolated groups. The lack of aggressive behavior under isolated conditions indicates that isolation had no effect on chemical recognition signature. These results suggest that temperature variation may have caused some change in the cues that allow recognition between nestmates. On the other hand, these results were not caused by isolation or stress generated by the study design and difference in the CHC profile of workers, as described in the literature, is consistent with our results.
The Dynamic Conception of Being in the First Philosophers and the Notion of φύσις
Authors: Cordero Nestor-Luis
Published: October 2022

According to Aristotle, the "object" of study of the first philosophers was the φύσις. Even though the term appears for the first time in Heraclitus, the early answers to the question "what is the 'being' of τὰ ὄντα" present already it as a source of active and dynamic life, according to the etymology of φύσις. This is the meaning in Homer (Od. X.303), and this is also the case of water (Thales), air (Anaximenes), and the γόνιμα contained in the φύσις ἄπειρον (Anaximander, apud Ps.-Plutarch). The φύσις of Heraclitus inherits this meaning, because, for him, reality, "changing, is at rest" (fr. 84a).
Física e Metafísica no Estoicismo Antigo
Authors: Hamelin Guy
Published: October 2022

The Stoic School takes up the tripartite division of philosophy of the post-Platonic Academy, in which physics occupies, alongside dialectics and ethics, a prominent place. In this tripartition, there is no metaphysics, nor in the two subdivisions of Stoic physics. For the thinkers of the Stoa, there is nothing beyond physics. In spite of this statement, we try to discover, in this article, the presence of a study devoted to first philosophy among the various topics investigated by the Stoics in their physics. It is with this aim that we first examine what precisely Aristotle deals with in the Metaphysics. This preliminary investigation will serve as a point of reference for determining what can be considered as metaphysics, at least in ancient Greece. Afterwards, we are interested in the Stoic view of nature itself since nothing superior exists. This examination leads us to scrutinize the Stoic conception of the Good, a notion closely linked to the subject of physics. We then take a good look at each one of the topics found in the two Stoic divisions of physics, highlighting the matters approaching Aristotelian metaphysics. On that occasion, a specific analysis is devoted to the two Stoic principles, due notably to the relevance of the subject in relation to first philosophy. From the diversity of the elements found in the course of our study, we come to the final part, in which we establish the position of the Stoic School on metaphysics.
Do It Yourself, Rain! Dabbling Drops, Splashes, and Waves: Experiments in Art and Science
Authors: Närhinen Tuula
Published: October 2022

The author’s visual practice draws from the natural sciences. Playful installations create “portraits” of naturally occurring phenomena. The artworks invite the viewer to witness the spontaneous emergence of patterns and traces induced by water. Facilitated by the artist, the drops and splashes are allowed to manifest in autographic renderings, generated by exposing sensitized substrates to rainfall or to waves. The article describes the empiric scientific method, followed by a discussion of the information the visual inscriptions contain. Drawing analogies between the experimental approaches of art and science, the article considers the impact of images in shaping the world we inhabit.
Symbiosis, Anarchy, and Fermentation
Authors: Katran Sergey
Published: October 2022

In this article, artist Sergey Katran reflects on practice-based interaction with live nonhuman agents. A kombucha, cultivated at home, gradually assumes anthropic qualities and, promoted by the artist, even starts participating in exhibitions and roundtable discussions. This can be viewed as the first step in establishing and developing ideas of biocentrism within an artistic community. The author also views this case as precedent for the participation of other biological species (and nonhuman agents) in exhibitions normally intended for humans. As the cultivating of kombucha normally involves double fermentation, the artist then proceeds contemplating on the process and its possible outcomes. Fermentation, which brings about rapid change in the environment with subsequent synthesis of various substances, while yeast fungi and bacteria continue producing necessary ferments, is metaphorically linked to major changes in art and society.
Macrobrachium irwini sp. nov., a new species of freshwater shrimp from Western Ghats, India (Caridea: Palaemonidae)
Authors: KUNJULAKSHMI K. , SANTOS MACLEAN ANTONY , PRAKASH S.
Published: October 2022

A new species of the freshwater shrimp of the genus Macrobrachium irwini sp. nov., is described from the Nandhini River near Kateel, Karnataka region of Western Ghats, India. 11 specimens of Macrobrachium irwini sp. nov. were collected from Nandhini river running through a secondary forest with heavily vegetated banks. The morphological analyses revealed that the new species can be clearly distinguished from the closely related species, M. snpurii and M. scabriculum based on the shape and dentition on rostrum, antennular peduncle, segmental ratios of first pereiopod, tubercles along the cutting edges of immovable and movable fingers of second major pereiopod and telson. Additionally, we provided the striking colour patterns on the new species which could be distinguish this species from congeneric species.
Urbanization-Induced Increases in Heavy Precipitation are Magnified by Moist Heatwaves in an Urban Agglomeration of East China
Authors: Li Chenxi , Gu Xihui , Slater Louise J. , Liu Jianyu , Li Jianfeng , Zhang Xiang , Kong Dongdong
Published: October 2022

Heavy precipitation (HP) events can be preceded by moist heatwaves (HWs; i.e., hot and humid weather), and both can be intensified by urbanization. However, the effect of moist HWs on increasing urban HP remains unknown. Based on statistical analyses of daily weather observations and ERA5 reanalysis data, we herein investigate the effect of moist HWs on urban-intensified HP by dividing summer HP events into NoHW- and HW-preceded events in the Yangtze River delta (YRD) urban agglomeration of China. During the period 1961–2019, the YRD has experienced more frequent, longer-lasting, and stronger intense HP events in the summer season (i.e., June–August), and urbanization has contributed to these increases (by 22.66%–37.50%). In contrast, urban effects on HP are almost absent if we remove HW-preceded HP events from all HP events. Our results show that urbanization-induced increases in HP are associated with, and magnified by, moist HWs in urban areas of the YRD region. Moist HWs are conducive to an unstable atmosphere and stormy weather, and they also enhance urban heat island intensity, driving increases in HP over urban areas.

Significance Statement

The contribution of urbanization to increases in heavy precipitation has been widely reported in previous studies. HP events can be preceded by moist heatwaves (hot and humid extremes); however, it is unknown whether moist HWs enhance urban effects on HP. We choose the Yangtze River delta urban agglomeration to explore this question and find that urbanization contributes to the increasing frequency, duration, maximum intensity, and cumulative intensity of HP events in the summer season. However, this urban signal is not detectable if we remove HW-preceded events from all HP events. In other words, moist HWs play a key role in magnifying urbanization-induced increases in HP. Given that urban areas are projected to continue expanding and moist HWs are projected to occur with increasing frequency and intensity in the future, the role of HWs in the urban water cycle merits further investigation.
Strength in Numbers: The Tail End of Typhoon Songda Combines with Local Cyclones to Generate Extreme Sea Level Oscillations on the British Columbia and Washington Coasts during Mid-October 2016
Authors: Rabinovich Alexander B. , Šepić Jadranka , Thomson Richard E.
Published: October 2022

From 12 to 16 October 2016, a series of three major low pressure systems, including the tail end of Typhoon Songda, crossed the coasts of British Columbia (BC) and the state of Washington (WA). Songda was generated on 2 October and, after traveling northward along the coast of Japan, turned eastward toward North America. Once there, it merged with two extratropical cyclones moving along the coast of Vancouver Island. The combined lows generated pronounced storm surges, seiches, and infragravity waves off southern BC and northern WA. Here, we examine the event in terms of sea levels measured by tide gauges and offshore bottom pressure recorders, together with reanalysis data, and high-resolution air pressure and wind measurements from 182 meteorological stations. Surge heights during the event typically exceeded 80 cm, with maximum heights of over 100 cm observed at La Push (WA) and New Westminster (BC). At Tofino, on the west coast of Vancouver Island, there was a sharp 40-cm increase in sea level on 14 October in response to a marked air pressure disturbance; slightly lower sea level peaks were also observed at other outer coast locations. In all cases, the sea level response was 1.5–2.5 times as great as that expected from the inverted barometer effect, consistent with local topographic amplification. The sea level oscillations at Tofino had the form of a forced solitary wave (“meteorological tsunami,” or meteotsunami), whereas those on the southwestern shelf off Vancouver Island are well described by classical standing-wave theory. A numerical model closely reproduces the observed meteotsunami peaks and standing-wave oscillations.
Papini esoterico: L’occultismo come “millenario intruglio di ermetismo e di cabala”
Authors: Bozzato Daria
Published: October 2022

Agli inizi del Novecento, grazie alla frequentazione di fucine esoteriche come la Biblioteca Filosofica di Firenze e il caffè delle Giubbe Rosse, Giovanni Papini alimentò il suo interesse nei confronti della tradizione esoterica, dal momento che questa permetteva un allontanamento dall’eccesso razionale proprio del positivismo e, di conseguenza, una trasformazione della sensibilità umana. Come evidenziato in alcuni articoli pubblicati nella fase finale del Leonardo, Papini ammirava, però, solo alcuni aspetti dell’occultismo e ne criticava la mancanza di metodo e la superficialità di osservazioni. Il rapporto ambiguo di Papini con l’occulto rafforza, di fatto, i tratti non lineari e ossimorici del suo pensiero, tratti che saranno caratteristici anche del periodo post conversione. A differenza di precedenti studi sul rapporto tra Papini e l’occulto che si soffermano soprattutto sulla fase iniziale del Leonardo, l’obiettivo di questo saggio è evidenziare come l’intellettuale fiorentino, anche nella fase successiva alla conversione del 1919, continuò a parlare di maghi ed occultisti in maniera ambigua. Questo è ben evidente in un manoscritto inedito scoperto presso l’archivio Papini della Fondazione Primo Conti di Fiesole dal titolo Occultisti, che il seguente articolo esaminerà e citerà per la prima volta in maniera parziale.
‘What I shall miss’: European heritage in Tom Lanoye’s Fortress Europe (2005)
Authors: Van Weyenberg Astrid , Spaans Didi
Published: October 2022

Tom Lanoye’s ‘theatre novella’ Fort Europa: Hooglied van Versplintering ( Fortress Europe: A Canticle of Fragmentation) (2005) features a range of characters who probe Europe’s possible future by turning to its past. The Eurocentric heritage narratives on which they draw perpetuate an idea of Europe as a civilization founded on Christianity and on the Enlightenment and racially defined as White. The way in which Lanoye stages these conservative narratives and the way in which he employs irony, however, invites critical reflection, thus calling for a postcolonial perspective on Europe and on European heritage. We approach Fortress Europe as a literary text that reflects on and intervenes in dominant heritage discourses. Through close reading, we investigate how this work stages and engages with European heritage and how it thereby explores specific ideas about European culture and identity. Our focus is on the literary means by which Lanoye reflects on the place of heritage in narratives of Europe.
The Association of Avoidance Coping with Gestational Weight Gain among Pregnant Black Women
Authors: Hyer Suzanne , Vaughan Sarah , Davis Jean W. , Xie Rui , Misra Dawn , Giurgescu Carmen
Published: October 2022

Gestational weight gain (GWG) outside recommended parameters can lead to pregnancy or birth complications. Avoidance coping may influence GWG. We examined the association of avoidance coping with GWG among a sample of 112 pregnant Black women in the Midwest. Participants completed avoidance coping questionnaires at three time points throughout pregnancy. Data were abstracted from medical records for BMI and GWG. Overall, 23.2% gained inadequate weight, 30.4% adequate weight, and 46.4% excess weight. Multinomial logistic regression models indicated associations between avoidance coping and GWG adjusted for covariates. Participants with higher avoidance coping scores at 22–29 weeks’ gestation were more likely to experience excess weight gain (odds ratio [ OR] = 1.19, 95% CI [1.02, 1.37]). Participants with higher avoidance coping scores at 30–36 weeks’ gestation were less likely to experience excess weight gain, ( OR = 0.82, 95% CI [0.72, 0.93]). The impact of higher avoidance coping on excess weight gain depends on the time period in pregnancy.
Global impact on human obesity – A robust non-linear panel data analysis
Authors: Munir Mubbasher , Zakaria Zahrahtul Amani , Baig Atif Amin , Mohamad Mumtazimah Binti , Arshed Noman , Alhajj Reda
Published: October 2022

Purpose: Recent studies in economics showed that humans are bounded rational. This being consumers, they are not perfect judges of what matters for the standard of living. While with a marked increase in economic and social wellbeing, there is a consistent rise in obesity levels, especially in the developed world. Thus, this study intends to explore the empirical and socio-economic antecedents of human obesity across countries using six global indexes. Methods: This study used the data of 40 countries between 1975 to 2018 and used the Panel FGLS Regression with the quadratic specification. Findings: The results showed that health and food indicators increase global human obesity, environment and education indicators decrease global human obesity, and economic and social indicators follow an inverted U-shaped pattern in affecting global human obesity. Originality: Previous studies have used infant mortality and life expectancy as the major health indicator in determining the standard of living while overlooking global human obesity as a major deterrent to welfare. This study has provided a holistic assessment of the causes of obesity in global contexts.
L2 acquisition and L1 attrition of VOTs of voiceless plosives in highly proficient late bilinguals
Authors: Saud Alharbi Amirah , Foltz Anouschka , Kornder Lisa , Mennen Ineke
Published: October 2022

While much research has examined second language (L2) phonetic acquisition, less research has examined first language (L1) attrition in terms of the voice onset time (VOT) of voiceless stops. The current study examined L2 acquisition and L1 attrition in the VOT of word-initial voiceless stops among late English–Arabic and Arabic–English bilinguals in order to explore the role of phonetic similarity in L2 acquisition and L1 attrition of speech. The study included 60 participants: 15 monolingual Arabic speakers, 15 monolingual English speakers, 15 English–Arabic bilinguals and 15 Arabic–English bilinguals. The bilinguals had been living in their L2 environment for more than 15 years. The participants narrated two cartoons in Arabic and/or three in English. The monolingual groups’ results revealed clear cross-language differences in the VOT of voiceless plosives between the two languages. Phonetic similarity affected L2 acquisition in that those L2 sounds that were close in phonetic space to L1 sounds (i.e. /t/ and /k/) were more difficult to acquire than those that were dissimilar to L1 sounds (i.e. /p/). However, L1 attrition showed an asymmetric pattern, occurring only in the English–Arabic bilinguals’ productions of the English /k/. We suggest that markedness might contribute to explaining this asymmetry.
K+ontrol rapidly and efficiently reduces potassium in donor blood during ex vivo circulation
Authors: Harea George T , Thrailkill Marianne , Garcia Isabella , Beely Brendan M , Wendorff Daniel S , Roberts Teryn R , Golobish Thomas D , Gruda Maryann , Kovacs Tim , Guliashvili Tamaz , Chan Phillip P , Stewart Ian J , Chung Kevin K , Guda Teja , Batchinsky Andriy I
Published: October 2022

Background

Patients with kidney failure are at risk for lethal complications from hyperkalemia. Resuscitation, medications, and hemodialysis are used to mitigate increased potassium (K+) levels in circulating blood; however, these approaches may not always be readily available or effective, especially in a resource limited environment. We tested a sorbent cartridge (KC, K+ontrol CytoSorbents Medical Inc., Monmouth Junction, New Jersey) which contains a resin adsorber for K+. The objective of this study was to test the utility of KC in an ex vivo circulation system. We hypothesized that KC reduces K+ levels in extracorporeal circulation of donor swine whole blood infused with KCl.

Methods

A six-hour circulation study was carried out using KC, a NxStage (NxStage Medical, Inc., Lawrence, MA) membrane, blood bag containing heparinized whole blood with KCl infusion, 3/16-inch ID tubing, a peristaltic pump, and flow sensors. The NxStage permeate line was connected back to the main circuit in the Control group ( n = 6), creating a recirculation loop. For KC group ( n = 6), KC was added to the recirculation loop, and a continuous infusion of KCl at 10 mEq/hour was administered for two hours. Blood samples were acquired at baseline and every hour for 6 h.

Results

In the control group, K+ levels remained at ∼9 mmol/L; 9.1 ± 0.4 mmol/L at 6 h. In the KC group, significant decreases in K+ at hour 1 (4.3 ± 0.3 mmol/L) and were sustained for the experiment duration equilibrating at 4.6 ± 0.4 mmol/L after 6 h ( p = 0.042). Main loop blood flow was maintained under 400 mL/min; recirculation loop flow varied between 60 and 70 mL/min in the control group and 45–55 mL/min in the KC group. Decreases in recirculation loop flow in KC group required 7% increase of pump RPM.

Conclusions

During ex-vivo extracorporeal circulation using donor swine blood, KC removed approximately 50% of K+, normalizing circulating levels.
Elite Female Athletes Demonstrate a Comparable Improvement in Midterm Patient-Reported Outcome Scores and Rate of Return to Sport Compared With Elite Male Athletes After Hip Arthroscopic Surgery: A Sex-Based Comparison in Professional and Collegiate Athletes
Authors: Owens Jade S. , Lee Michael S. , Jimenez Andrew E. , Maldonado David R. , Lall Ajay C. , Domb Benjamin G.
Published: October 2022

Background:

Few studies have compared outcomes, return to sport (RTS), and continuation of sport (CTS) after primary hip arthroscopic surgery between matched groups of male and female athletes with a minimum 5-year follow-up.

Purpose:

(1) To report minimum 5-year patient-reported outcome (PRO) scores as well as RTS and CTS rates for elite female athletes undergoing hip arthroscopic surgery for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) and (2) to compare clinical results with those of a matched control group of elite male athletes.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

Data were prospectively collected and retrospectively reviewed for elite (collegiate or professional) female athletes who underwent primary hip arthroscopic surgery for FAIS between March 2009 and March 2016. Inclusion criteria were preoperative and minimum 5-year scores for the modified Harris Hip Score, Nonarthritic Hip Score, Hip Outcome Score–Sport Specific Subscale, and visual analog scale for pain. Exclusion criteria were Tönnis grade >1, hip dysplasia, previous ipsilateral hip surgery/conditions, and those unwilling to participate. Rates of achieving the minimal clinically important difference (MCID), Patient Acceptable Symptom State (PASS), and maximum outcome improvement satisfaction threshold (MOIST) were recorded in addition to RTS. CTS was also recorded and defined as athletes reporting continued sport activity at a minimum 5-year follow-up after initially reporting returning to sport. Elite female athletes were propensity matched in a 1:1 ratio to elite male athletes for comparison.

Results:

A total of 81 hips in elite female athletes that underwent primary hip arthroscopic surgery met the inclusion criteria, and follow-up was available for 65 hips (80.2%) at a mean of 67.6 ± 6.5 months, with a mean age of 24.3 ± 6.8 years. Female athletes demonstrated significant improvements in all recorded PRO scores; achieved the MCID, PASS, and MOIST at high rates; returned to sport at a rate of 80.4%; and continued sport at a rate of 97.1%. Female athletes demonstrated lower preoperative PRO scores compared with male athletes, but postoperative PRO scores; improvements in scores; rates of achieving the MCID, PASS, MOIST; and RTS and CTS rates were similar between female and male athletes.

Conclusion:

Elite female athletes undergoing primary hip arthroscopic surgery for FAIS demonstrated favorable PRO scores and high RTS and CTS rates at a minimum 5-year follow-up. These results were comparable with those of a propensity-matched control group of elite male athletes.
The Measurement of Precarious Work and Market Conditions: Insights from the COVID-19 Disruption on Sample Selection
Authors: Alon Sigal
Published: October 2022

The precarious work construct combines employment instability and employment-contingent outcomes. Yet, I argue that confining the scope of the investigation to employed individuals creates a sample selection that disguises the heterogeneous nature of employment instability. The COVID-19 skyrocketing unemployment rate provides both a compelling motivation and a unique opportunity to revisit the construct of precarious work. Using pre-COVID and COVID-19 era data of the working-age population in Israel, the results demonstrate that by pushing less stable individuals out of employment, the COVID-19 recession strengthened the negative relationship between volatility and employment opportunities and accentuated sample selection. Because the selection into employment was not random, this introduces a bias into the measurement of precarious work, one that is more severe during a recession than in a full-employment market. The discussion highlights the broader significance of this lacuna and suggests a way to hone the conceptualization and operationalization of the precarious work construct.
Efficacy and Safety of Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Stable Coronary Artery Disease and Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ma Fang , Yuan Li , Wen Xinli , Wang Yangyang , Li Qiaofei , Chen Chu
Published: October 2022

Direct Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs) , which partially replace warfarin, have been developed as a safe and effective therapy for patients with stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) and atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the choice of DOACs and warfarin remains controversial. We conducted a network meta-analysis (NMA) using randomized controlled trials (RCTs) through a systematic literature review to evaluate the the efficacy and safety of DOACs in SCAD and AF patients. Five RCTs with 6524 patients were included. The results showed that patients taking DOACs had a lower risk of stroke/systemic embolism (OR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.54-0.76, P < .00001, I2 = 89%), intracranial bleeding (OR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.26-0.64, P = .0001, I2 = 0%), major bleeding (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.81-1.148, P = .80, I2 = 88%), and all-cause mortality (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.88-1.22, P = .66, I2 = 51%) than those taking warfarin. Compared to warfarin, rivaroxaban (20 mg, once/day) was more advantageous in preventing stroke/systemic embolism, as was apixaban (5 mg or 2.5 mg, twice/day) in reducing major bleeding (OR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.48-1.3) and all-cause mortality (OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.69-1.4). Different doses of DOACs showed obvious advantages against intracranial hemorrhage, without significant differences. Thus, DOACs have more effective than warfarin in clinical efficacy and safety.