bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Folgenabschätzung der Krankenhausreform für die Neurologisch-Neurochirurgische Frührehabilitation Phase B
Authors: Dohle C. , Stranke T.
Published: October 2024

Fur die Definition von Leistungsgruppen (LG) der geplanten Krankenhausreform sollen Elemente der Qualitatskriterien der Krankenhausplanung aus Nordrhein-Westfalen (NRW) ubernommen werden. Zusatzlich soll eine Mindestfallzahl pro Leistungsgruppe eingefuhrt werden. Da in NRW die Leistungsgruppe Intensivmedizin als Voraussetzung fur die Neurologisch-Neurochirurgische Fruhrehabilitation Phase B (NNFR-B) definiert ist, befurchten die Fachgesellschaften eine erhebliche Gefahrdung des Angebots. Diese Annahme wurde anhand von OPS-Daten aus den Qualitatsberichten der Krankenhauser uberpruft. Hierdurch wurden in Deutschland im Jahr 2019 insgesamt 33.816 Fälle identifiziert mit einer sehr grosen Streubreite der Fallzahl pro Einrichtung. Nach diesen Daten verfugen 57,8 % der Einrichtungen mit 62,7 % der Falle uber keine eigene Intensivstation (ITS) und waren damit perspektivisch von der Leistungserbringung ausgeschlossen. Andererseits sind Einrichtungen der NNFR-B mit einer ITS haufiger an Akutkrankenhausern und behandeln nur kleine Fallzahlen. Diese Einheiten wurden vermutlich das Fallzahlkriterium nicht erfullen. Die Daten belegen eindrucklich, dass eine bundesweite Ubernahme der Qualitatskriterien aus NRW mit erganzendem Fallzahlkriterium praktisch das gesamte Segment der neurologischneurochirurgischen Fruhrehabilitation bedroht, mit entsprechenden Folgen fur die Akutversorgung schwerst kranker Patientinnen und Patienten und den Bedarf an auserklinischer Intensivpflege. Schlüsselwörter: neurologisch-neurochirurgische Fruhrehabilitation, Stroke-Unit, Intensivstation, Fachklinik, Mindestfallzahl, Phasenmodell, Krankenhausversorgungsverbesserungsgesetz
SWISSNEUROREHAB – Technologie-assistiertes Continuum of Care in der Schweizer Neurorehabilitation
Authors: Sokolov A.A. , Serino A.
Published: October 2024

Die Neurorehabilitation steht vor zahlreichen systemischen Herausforderungen. Dazu gehören unzureichende Vernetzung zwischen den verschiedenen Phasen und Leistungserbringern, eine zu niedrige Behandlungsdosis und oft fehlende Validierung und Standardisierung der Therapieverfahren. Neue Technologien eröffnen Perspektiven, um diese Herausforderungen zu überwinden und ein Continuum of Care in der Neurorehabilitation zu entwickeln. Das interdisziplinäre SWISSNEUROREHAB-Projekt zielt darauf ab, den Übergang vom stationären in den ambulanten Bereich mit Hilfe neuer Technologien zu optimieren. Bei positiven Ergebnissen im multikulturellen, jedoch sicherlich räumlich begrenzten Kontext der Schweiz könnte SWISSNEUROREHAB als Konzept für ähnliche Initiativen in anderen Ländern dienen. Keywords: Neurorehabilitation, Digital Therapeutics, Neurotechnologie
Einsatz eines humanoiden Roboters als Therapieassistenz in der Neurorehabilitation – ist das möglich?
Authors: Platz T. , Umlauft A.N. , Pedersem A. L.
Published: October 2024

Weltweit wird eine Zunahme an Behinderungen durch Schlaganfall beobachtet. Eine zumindest partielle funktionelle Erholung des Gehirns ist oftmals möglich. Dafür bedarf es in der Regel eines Trainings mit spezifischem Inhalt, hoher Intensität und ausreichender Dosierung. Schlaganfall- Betroffene bedürfen dabei einer professionellen Anleitung, individualisierten Rückmeldungen und einer persönlich angemessenen Betreuung. Der steigende Bedarf für neurorehabilitative Therapie ist derzeit und zukünftig absehbar nicht ohne Weiteres mit den zur Verfügung stehenden humanen Ressourcen alleine umsetzbar. In diesem Kontext stellt sich die wissenschaftliche Frage, ob der Einsatz eines humanoiden Roboters als Therapieassistenz in der Neurorehabilitation eine sinnvoll Option sein könnte, um ein Mehr an Therapie zu ermöglichen. Denkbar und medizinisch sinnvoll ist dies für evidenzbasierte, gut standardisierbare und dabei individualisierte Therapieformen und wenn eine inhaltlich adäquate sowie auch motivierende soziale/therapeutische Interaktion digital implementiert und durch humanoide Roboter-Technologie vermittelt wird. Im Verbundforschungsprojekt »Evidenzbasierte Roboter- Assistenz in der Neurorehabilitation«, kurz »E-BRAiN« wurde eine Professions-basierte künstliche Intelligenz und Digitalisierung für mehrere Therapieformen entwickelt. Auf diese Weise konnte eine praxisgerechte neurorehabilitative Therapie abgebildet werden. Ihr Einsatz wird derzeit klinisch geprüft. Keywords: Robot Training, Arm, Schlaganfall, Interaktion sozial, Künstliche Intelligenz
THE IMPACT OF E-COMMERCE IMPLEMENTATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF MICRO AND SMALL INDUSTRIES IN INDONESIA
Authors: Silaban Soeripto , Kusnadi Nunung , Feryanto Feryanto
Published: October 2024

The micro and small industries play an important role in the growth of the national economy, as evidenced by the increasing number of micro and small business units every year and their contribution to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). However, the COVID-19 pandemic has decreased revenue for micro and small industry players, forcing them to make efficiency measures in their business. To overcome this difficult situation, implementing e-commerce in micro and small industries is considered an important marketing strategy to maintain business continuity. In fact, only a few micro and small business actors apply e-commerce. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the implementation of e-commerce in micro and small industries, as well as the impact of e-commerce implementation on the performance of micro and small businesses in Indonesia. The data used in this study were secondary data from the 2019 survey of micro and small industries conducted by the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), and the respondents were categorized into two groups: micro and small industries (SMI) that implement e-commerce and those that do not. The data was analyzed using propensity score matching. The study results showed that the implementation of e-commerce has a positive and significant impact on the performance of micro and small industries, namely an increase in employees, revenue, and business profit.
PRICE FLUCTUATIONS AND VOLATILITY OF NATIONAL STRATEGIC FOOD COMMODITIES IN INDONESIA
Authors: Matondang Muhammad Ridwansyah , Krisnamurthi Bayu , Herawati Herawati
Published: October 2024

Meeting the food needs of the Indonesian population is a top priority, and national strategic food plays a vital role in achieving this goal. However, the unstable nature of national strategic food prices can have significant implications, particularly for those with low incomes. This volatility can hinder access to healthy and nutritious food, ultimately impacting the nation's food security. In recent times, food prices have risen sharply, which is expected to have far-reaching consequences. Therefore, it is imperative to analyze the volatility of national strategic food prices to comprehend price fluctuations and patterns. This study analyzed the volatility of national strategic food prices in Indonesia from 2018 to 2022, focusing on commodities such as shallots, garlic, red chilies, cooking oil, and rice. The ARCH-GARCH method used to conduct the analysis, revealing that all five commodity prices were volatile at the national level. The red chili and shallot exhibits a distinctive pattern, characterized by an increase volatility during the second quarter of each year. This can be attributed to the rise in demand during the Ramadan. Conversely, garlic volatility was high in early 2019 and 2020, while remaining relatively stable during other periods. Cooking oil volatility remained stable until the end of 2020, but started to increase in early 2021. This closely related to cooking oil crisis that occurred in Indonesia. Lastly, rice price volatility was high in early 2018. Subsequently, exhibited relatively stable volatility until first quarter of 2022, although there were some periods where the volatility exceeded its average.
FACTORS INFLUENCING FARMERS' PERCEPTIONS OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION PERFORMANCE IN TAMAN DISTRICT PEMALANG DISTRICT
Authors: 'Adlih Ba'itsuddin , Prayoga Kadhung , Mariyono Joko
Published: October 2024

A small number of agricultural extension workers and the budget for extension activities could affect farmers' perceptions of the performance of agricultural extension workers in Taman District, Pemalang Regency. The research was conducted to analyze farmers' perceptions of the performance of agricultural extension workers in Taman District, Pemalang Regency, and analyze the influencing factors. This research was conducted in January – February 2023 in Taman District, Pemalang Regency. The research method used was a survey with a proportionate stratified random sampling of 108 farmers. Data collection techniques in this study were observation, interviews, and documentation. The type of data was primary data including data on farmers' perceptions of the performance of agricultural extension agents and their factors, the identity of farmers and the identity of extension agents, regarding extension activities carried out, as well as their functions and duties and secondary data includes regional conditions and statistics and farmer documents. The analytical method used was descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that farmers' perceptions of the performance of agricultural extension workers in Taman District, Pemalang Regency, obtained an average score of 1919 with an index score of 76.00% which means it was categorized excellent. The variables of farmer activity, farmer age, farmer education level, length of farming, and land area simultaneously influenced farmers' perceptions of the performance of agricultural extension agents in Taman District, Pemalang Regency.While only partially farmer activeness variable that influenced farmers' perceptions of the performance of agricultural extension workers in Taman District, Pemalang Regency. Suggestions that can be conveyed were that the government needs to increase the number of agricultural extension workers and provide a budget to improve their performance so that farmers can increase their prosperity.
OPTIMIZATION OF GEDONG GINCU MANGO DISTRIBUTION COSTS IN MAJALENGKA DISTRICT
Authors: Sulaksana Jaka , Marina Ida , Fatimah Inka
Published: October 2024

Facing free trade, Indonesia is required to increase the performance of mango production in order to compete with mangoes from other countries, but the performance of gedong gincu mango agribusiness still faces a number of obstacles, both on farm and off farm. One of them is to optimize distribution costs by designing a transportation model to determine the amount of goods that must be sent from each source to each destination in such a way that the total transportation cost is minimum. The transportation model used is Vogel's Approximation Method. The purpose of this research was to find out the description of the distribution of gedong gincu mangoes in Majalengka District, the distribution costs incurred from source to destination and find out the optimization of distribution costs. The method used was quantitative with survey research techniques. The results of this research were an overview of the distribution of Gedong Gincu mangoes involving 5 parties, namely farmers, collectors, dealers, retailers and consumers which can be done with 4 marketing channels. The distribution costs incurred were different, on the four channels the lowest distribution costs are Rp 29,000 and the highest fee is Rp 74,000/kg. In channel I, it did not carry out cost optimization calculations because it did not make shipments out of town, for optimization in channel II it is Rp 13,950,000, channel III is Rp 249,100,000 and channel IV is Rp 250,980,000. Thus, it can be concluded that the lowest cost is on ordinary channel II. Further research is recommended to perform optimal testing by means of a stepping stone.
A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS: RESEARCH OF URBAN FARMING IN INDONESIA PERIOD 1991-2023
Authors: Rochim Nazulah Mufarichah , Heriqbaldi Unggul
Published: October 2024

This research is related to urban farming as a major variable in this publication. The aim of this research is to investigate the profile of original scientific articles along with reviews on the topic of urban farming in Indonesia in the period 1991-2023 using bibliometric analysis. Journals related to urban farming in Indonesia published between 1991-2023 are taken from Scopus. The records analyzed and taken from the research material as characteristic of the subsequent quotation containing the distribution of the author's name, year of publication, principal author institution, publisher processed using Microsoft Excel 2016 and VOSviewer v.1.61 are used to create bibliometric diagrams. A total of 81 journals published in Scopus were written by 160 identified authors. The number of published articles continued to increase from 1991 to 2023, with the majority of articles written in English. The most cited article is Aquaculture Research with a 10-year quotation. Visualization analysis based on the accuracy of connected words in titles and abstracts has revealed several groups of research. This research contributes to providing a systematic overview of the productivity and visibility of research projects focused on urban farming in Indonesia, which is expected to be used to organize and prioritize future research.
BUSINESS INCUBATORS AS ENABLERS TO INNOVATION CAPABILITIES OF MSMEs: AN EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIA
Authors: Faisol Faisol , Nurdiwaty Diah , Widiawati Hestin Sri , Winarko Sigit Puji
Published: October 2024

Business incubators are seen as crucial enablers of innovation, offering mentoring and other support to the budding entrepreneurs and enterprises. Numerous investments have been made by the Governments and other agencies to support the growth of business incubators, including those in the infrastructure, finance, human resources and communication technologies. Using cross-section data from 156 representatives of MSMES in the City of Kediri (East Java Province of Indonesia), this study examines how business incubator capability is perceived to affect the innovation performance of regional MSMEs. Data has been analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling - Partial Least Squares techniques. Service Capacity, Financial Strength and Incubation Capacity has been identified as three important characteristics of the business incubators to support the innovation capability of MSMEs. Additionally, this study found that communication infrastructure in business incubators plays a significant moderating role to influence the innovation performance of MSMEs being incubated. In order to assist the growth of domestic technology entrepreneurs and innovation performance, this study supports the idea that developing economies should prioritize free knowledge transfer platforms through the over business incubators.
DYNAMIC MODEL SIMULATION OF SAGO RICE AVAILABILITY TO SUPPORT RESILIANCE CASE STUDY IN MERANTI ISLANDS DISTRICT
Authors: Harmaidi Desma , Zargustin Dedi , Putri Vivin Jenika , Rahmah Anania
Published: October 2024

Sago is a typical Southeast Asian plant that is often found in water areas such as Meranti Regency. Even though Meranti Islands Regency in Sumatra is the largest center for sago growth, public consumption of sago is not yet in line with the high potential of this plant as a source of carbohydrates. In facing population growth and increasing food needs, sago has become a strategic commodity to maintain food security. This research uses dynamic modeling with Powersim Studio 7 to simulate planning scenarios to ensure the availability of sago in the future. Simulations show that Meranti Islands Regency can achieve the target of sago plantation area in 2032 with an accelerated growth policy, producing 3,915,168.71 tons of sago rice in 2040 and 499,182.72 tons in 2022.
TRANSFORMATION OF MILLENNIAL FARMERS: BETWEEN EXPECTATIONS AND REALITY
Authors: Wastutiningsih Sri Peni , Partini Partini , Nugroho Novendra Cahyo , Fatonah Siti
Published: October 2024

As the guardian of food security as well as the pillar of national economy, the agricultural sector has gone through many changes thanks to digitalization. Millennial farmers are expected to have the ability to transform the agricultural system from conventional to contemporary agriculture that farmers should also be competent agripreneurs. This research aimed to examine the readiness of millennial farmers to cope with disruption as well as to analyze their regeneration in realizing agripreneurship for sustainable agricultural development. This research was conducted during August-December 2022 in Bantul and Klaten Regency by applying a critical constructivism approach to farmer informants, extension workers and other related stakeholders. Data was collected through observation, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. The results indicated that: Becoming resilient millennial farmers in facing the digitalization of agricultural system was done by transforming technology and social media, as well as commodifying agricultural products from food crops to horticultural crops and even extending to the livestock subsector. Networking can also shape millennial farmers with competent agripreneurship. The choice to work in horticulture farming and livestock sub-sectors further strengthens the position of millennial farmers. Following this success can cause social transformation, which can also change the stigma, values, and mindset of the farmer's society. The existence of millennial farmer groups can be positioned as an image medium for the agricultural sector. Millennial farmers can be placed as an image to change the mindset of farmers towards the agricultural sector, and they can be a bridge for senior farmers to see market opportunities for agricultural products. And in the end, agriculture is seen as a business unit, not just a job to fulfill family food needs.
A PERSPECTIVE OF TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE MODEL ON THE AGRICULTURE EXTENSION STAFFS USING CYBER EXTENSION
Authors: Padmaningrum Dwiningtyas , Mani La , Retnaningtyas Triya Ayu , Sujatmiko Tri , Subejo Subejo , Widiyanti Emi
Published: October 2024

Cyber extension web facilitates agriculture extension staffs to leverage this media communication system to strengthen their capability and capacity for improving extension services. Through the Technology Acceptance Model approach, this study examines the use of cyber extension and the affect of self-efficacy, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, subjective norms, and attitude toward usage on cyber extension usage by agriculture extension staffs in Central Java Province. This study was conducted from April to May 2023 using a quantitative approach. The population includes agriculture extension staffs within the scope of the Central Java Provincial Agriculture Office. Sampling was done using convenience sampling, with 377 agriculture extension staffs spreading across 28 districts and five cities. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares - Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The study showed that use of the cyber extension web can be categorized as low-level; meanwhile, self-efficacy, perceived ease of use, subjective norms, and attitudes towards positive use were relatively high. Cyber extension usage was directly affected by perceived ease of use, subjective norms, and attitude toward usage. As a recommendation, interventions are needed to improve and continue to update content variations. It is necessary to develop and optimize the use of cyber extension at the provincial and or district level.
UNA RECONSTRUCCIÓN DEL CONCEPTO SMITHIANO DE OBLIGACIÓN POLÍTICA*
Authors: Darat Guerra Nicole
Published: October 2024

El texto se propone reconstruir el concepto smithiano de obligación política, a partir de la revisión crítica de tres de sus principales obras: Teoría de los sentimientos morales, Lecciones de jurisprudencia y La riqueza de las naciones. Si bien no se trata de un concepto central en su teoría, la propuesta del autor, en continuidad con la de Hume, presenta una lectura alternativa a las lecturas dominantes basadas en el consentimiento. Aunque este cuestionamiento tiene potencial crítico, el apego del escocés a las jerarquías heredadas como garantes del orden social, tendrán efectos conservadores que serán refutados por los hechos históricos posteriores.
Economía Plateada: Desarrollo en el Perú y Perspectivas de Crecimiento
Authors: Aranibar Ramos Edgar Romario
Published: October 2024

Silver economy reflects the economy of the elderly, 55 years and over, whose participation by 2021 in the Peruvian context represents 17.75% in both genders, 18.21% women and 17.28% men. However, an upward trend is perceived in the following years. Due to this, it is analyzed the reality of the silver economy in Peru, as well as its growth prospects, applying for such purposes a multimodal systematic review methodology, selecting 37 sources with a cross section. Results show a convergence of 8 generations in society and, consequently, in the economy; notorious changes in the structures of pension savings systems, both public and private; the management with a short-term approach of the State regarding the release of pension funds; 3 aspects for the promotion of the silver economy: consumer, entrepreneur/entrepreneur and work. Finally, the study of social programs in the elderly, motivation for participation in voluntary pension savings funds and export of services to elderly people in developed countries is recommended.
Effect of the Application of Vibration Foam Rollers Before and After Resistance Exercise on Blood Muscle Injury Markers and Muscle Stiffness
Authors: YE Dahyeon , KIM Dohyun , KIM Eunsook , BYUN Younghyun , YOON Sungjin
Published: October 2024

Background: This study aimed to compare the effects of applying a vibrating foam roller before resistance exercise versus after resistance exercise on changes in serum muscle damage markers, muscle stiffness, and range of motion. This study also aimed to provide foundational data for optimizing the timing of vibrating foam roller application to enhance recovery after resistance exercise in practical settings.Methods: Twelve healthy adult males were recruited as participants. Each participant was subjected to three interventions in a random order with a washout period of at least 5 days: vibration foam rolling before resistance exercise, vibration foam rolling after resistance exercise, and resistance exercise without vibration foam rolling. Blood creatine kinase, knee flexion range of motion, and muscle stiffness were measured before, immediately after, 24 hours after, and 48 hours after exercise and foam rolling protocols.Results: Creatine kinase levels in vibration foam rolling after resistance exercise were significantly lower than those in vibration foam rolling before resistance exercise at 24 and 48 hours post-exercise. Muscle stiffness was significantly lower immediately and 24 hours post-exercise in vibration foam rolling after resistance exercise than in vibration foam rolling before resistance exercise and resistance exercise without vibration foam rolling. Knee flexion range of motion was significantly lower in resistance exercise without vibration foam rolling than in vibration foam rolling after resistance exercise at 24 and 48 hours post-exercise.Conclusions: The application of vibration foam rolling after resistance exercise was more effective than that before exercise in decreasing muscle damage markers, reducing muscle stiffness, and improving the range of motion.
Clinical Validation of a Mobile-Based ACR (Urine Albumin-to-Creatinine Ratio) Test Kit: Comparative Analysis with Benchtop Devices
Authors: RYU Jiwon , PARK Eung-Kyu , JANG JunHyuck , LEE Dong-Hoon
Published: October 2024

Background: Albuminuria, a marker for diabetes complications and kidney disease, is typically tested in hospitals, limiting patient monitoring. The mobile-based ACR (urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio) test, QSCheck-UISACR, was developed for easy detection of albuminuria. This study aimed to validate its clinical efficacy compared to a conventional benchtop device (Cybow R-50S) for early kidney disease diagnosis. Methods: Conducted in three hospitals with 303 kidney disease patients, urine samples were tested using both the mobile ACR kit and the benchtop device. Parameters measured included microalbumin, creatinine, and their ratio (albumin-to-creatinine ratio). Exact Agreement and Within One Block Agreement were calculated to compare methods.Results: Data collected from three university hospitals were aggregated and analyzed, showing that the microalbumin Exact Agreement was 73.3%, with a Within One Block Agreement of 96.0%. For creatinine, the Exact Agreement was 75.6%, and the Within One Block Agreement was 95.7%. Based on these two test results, the albumin-to-creatinine ratio analysis demonstrated an Exact Agreement of 78.5% and a Within One Block Agreement of 98.0%. These findings highlight the robust performance of the tests across the evaluated biomarkers.Conclusions: The mobile-based ACR test kit demonstrated high accuracy and comparability to the benchtop device, suggesting its potential as a reliable tool for early kidney disease screening in primary care settings, enhancing patient accessibility and reducing healthcare costs.
Random Selection of Herbs and Weak Knowledge of Plants or Why Different Plants Were Used to Treat the Same Diseases in Slavic Folk Medicine
Authors: Kozłowska-Doda Jadwiga
Published: October 2024

SZCZEŚNIAK KRYSTYNA, 2022, Świat zamów światem roślin na pograniczu wschodniej i zachodniej Słowiańszczyzny, Gdańsk: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego, s. 884.
Machine-Based and Auditory Identification of Slavic Languages
Authors: Kudera Jacek , Stevanović Jovana
Published: October 2024

This paper presents a comparison of auditory and machine-based identification of linguistic origins. Two studies were conducted to assess the ability of lay listeners and a stateof-the-art machine approach to identify Slavic L1 from delexicalized speech samples. The first study involved 228 native speakers of the four Slavic languages (Bulgarian, Czech, Polish and Russian) who had not received any prior training in Slavic philology, phonetics, linguistics, or forensic science. Their task was to identify the linguistic origins of speakers when exposed to limited phonetic cues. The stimuli consisted of meaningless logatomes to control for the lexical information. The second study employed machine-based identification of a spoken language, based on two distinct approaches: (1) formant structure of phonetic signal and (2) a neural network and vector representation of speech samples. The data showed that Slavic native speakers, even when exposed to limited auditory cues, are able to identify speakers’ L1s. Interestingly, in the context of the Bulgarian language, the machine-based identification method performed better than the lay listeners. The results of the experiments provide insight into the advantages of hybrid approaches in investigations related to LADO (Language Analyses for the Determination of Origin). Furthermore, the outcomes of this comparison may contribute to the debate on the involvement of native speakers in L1 identification procedures for closely related languages.
The human body in different spaces
Authors: Hernández Araujo Diana Karen
Published: October 2024

Space Medicine has revolutionized the way of understanding human physiology in extra-terrestrial environments, such as microgravity. Research in this field attempts to maintain synchrony between scientific and medical development, with the goal of improving the overall health and performance of astronauts. Engineering also plays a crucial role in the design of spacecraft and spacesuits to ensure the safety and health of astronauts on extended missions to the Moon and Mars. Radiation exposure in space poses health concerns, but strategies such as radiation control and shielding are being implemented to mitigate these risks. NASA is actively investigating how the human body reacts to long-duration spaceflight, with the goal of preparing for future extended space missions.
Influence of chemical composition and quenching temperature on austenite grain size and hardness of tool steel
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Aftandiliants Y.G.
Published: October 2024

Alloying elements and impurities influence ambiguously on the factors that determine the process of the austenite structure formation. This does not make it possible to qualitatively predict the direction of their influence on the change of austenite grain dispersion during austenitizing heating and the hardness of tool steel. To date, there is no information on mathematical models that reliably describe the influence of chemical composition and quenching temperature on the specified characteristics of tool steels. The influence of the chemical composition and quenching temperature on the austenite grain size and the hardness of tool steels was studied, with the development of mathematical models of such influence with the determination of the effectiveness of these factors. It was established that the size of the austenite grain and the hardness of the quenched tool steel are mainly determined by the nature and quantity of alloying elements, the degree of distortion of the crystal lattice and the quenching temperature. The main influence on the austenite grain size of tool steels is the quenching temperature and the quantity of carbon, molybdenum and tungsten in the steel. An increase in the heating temperature leads to growth, and the quantity of elements - to the dispersion of the austenite grain. According to the increase in the specific efficiency of the influence of 1% alloying element on the decreasing of the austenite grain size, they can be arranged in the following sequence: W, Mo, C, and the efficiency of their relative influence is, respectively, 1 : 1.4 : 6.7. The hardness of tool steel is mainly determined by the content of carbon, silicon, tungsten and molybdenum in the steel and the degree of distortion of the crystal lattice by them, as well as the quenching temperature. The evaluation of the effectiveness of the factors showed that the influence of carbon is 26%, tungsten – 22%, molybdenum – 20%, tempering temperature – 17% and silicon – 15%. The obtained regression equations can be used by scientists for further research and by practitioners in the selection of materials for making tools. Keywords: steel, chemical composition, temperature, quenching, grain, austenite, hardness
TRABALHO COLABORATIVO ENTRE COMUNIDADES ACADÊMICAS NO MERCOSUL: A PESQUISA SOBRE ESTRATÉGIAS INSTITUCIONAIS PARA A QUALIDADE DA EDUCAÇÃO SUPERIOR (LASA – 2019)
Authors: Isabel da Cunha Maria
Published: October 2024

A temática que aglutina a ação investigativa aqui apresentada tem sustentação na sólida trajetória de pesquisa e formação dos grupos envolvidos e na qualificação dos pesquisadores, todos experientes e compromissados com o campo da educação superior.
QUALIDADE E INTERNACIONALIZAÇÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO SUPERIOR: INDICADORES
Authors: Costa Morosini Marilia
Published: October 2024

A internacionalização da educação superior e a qualidade fazem parte de um mesmo processo, reflexo da Sociedade do Conhecimento, seja pela quebra de fronteiras geográficas e o desenvolvimento dos sistemas comunicacionais, seja pela necessidade de padrões mínimos que possibilitem a circulação de diplomas e títulos entre os sistemas educativos. Recentemente, esta imbricação e seus desafios foram destacados pela Organização para a Cooperação Econômica e Desenvolvimento (OCDE1, 2008, p. 5).
O ENSINO SUPERIOR PORTUGUÊS: OS DESAFIOS DA ACESSIBILIDADE E DA DEMOCRATIZAÇÃO (LASA – 2017)
Authors: Luísa Machado Cerdeira Maria , Lourdes Machado Taylor Maria
Published: October 2024

O financiamento da educação, nomeadamente, da educação de nível superior, tornou-se um dos problemas globais mais importantes para a governação, nas últimas décadas. No caso particular da Europa Ocidental, o declínio do Estado Providência afecta a oferta gratuita — ou quase gratuita — de inúmeros bens de natureza social, especificamente, a oferta educativa.
Estado de salud, discapacidad y consumo de sustancias entre las mujeres sin hogar en Nicaragua
Authors: Berrios- Ballesteros Alberto , Panadero Sonia , Lenta Malena , Vásquez José Juan
Published: October 2024

Nicaragua es uno de los países con menor renta de Latinoamérica. En Nicaragua se carece de información sobre las mujeres sin hogar, quienes conforman un colectivo especialmente vulnerable, que experimenta condiciones de extrema pobreza y exclusión social. Este trabajo analiza el estado de salud, discapacidad y consumo de sustancias en una muestra de mujeres que sufren sinhogarismo (n = 30) en las ciudades de León y Chinandega (Nicaragua). Las participantes respondieron a una entrevista estructurada. Los resultados mostraron que este grupo de mujeres en Nicaragua presenta una mala percepción de su propia salud, un elevado padecimiento de enfermedades graves o crónicas y una elevada tasa de discapacidad. El consumo de alcohol o drogas (principalmente pegamento inhalado) parece afectar, en mayor medida, a las mujeres más jóvenes y durante el período de deslizamiento al sinhogarismo. Se observaron grandes similitudes entre las mujeres sin hogar de países de renta baja y países de renta alta, pese a las considerables diferencias culturales. El estilo de vida derivado de la adaptación a la vida en la calle somete a estas mujeres a un proceso acelerado de deterioro. La inadecuada alimentación, la falta de higiene y las barreras para acceder al sistema de salud perjudican su situación sanitaria, lo cual parece incidir importantemente en su prolongada permanencia en el sinhogarismo.
Primer uso de métodos anticonceptivos en dos cohortes de mujeres en México, 2018
Authors: Ortiz-Ávila Elsa
Published: October 2024

Introducción: En México, una de las explicaciones más importantes que se han dado a la rápida reducción de la fecundidad ha sido el amplio uso de métodos anticonceptivos a partir de los años setenta. No obstante, las diferencias en el uso de estos responden a contextos socioculturales muy diferentes que se han ido debilitando con el paso del tiempo. Por lo que el objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar y describir el cambio en el uso de métodos anticonceptivos en dos cohortes de mujeres en México. Metodología: El análisis del calendario y la intensidad del primer uso de métodos anticonceptivos y de la relación sexual se efectuó con el método de Kaplan-Meier. Además, se calcularon indicadores vinculados a estos eventos como: el tipo de utilizado, el número de hijos previos y las razones de no uso de métodos anticonceptivos. La fuente de información con la que se lleva a cabo el objetivo es la Encuesta Nacional de la Dinámica Demográfica del 2018. Resultados: Por una parte, se observó que uno de los motivos más frecuentes de no uso de métodos anticonceptivos en la primera relación sexual se debe a que no se planeaba tener relaciones sexuales o no se contaba con la información necesaria. Por otra parte, se evidenció una disminución de la edad mediana del primer uso de métodos anticonceptivos entre las mujeres de las dos cohortes de nacimiento analizadas, la cual pasó de 30.5 a 26.0 años. Conclusiones: Los principales resultados revelan que, cada vez más, las mujeres usan métodos anticonceptivos por primera vez durante su primera relación sexual; sin embargo, no se puede decir que este uso sea constante y por convicción propia.
Trabajo remoto y hábitos alimentarios en participantes del Estudio Longitudinal de Salud del Adulto (ELSA-Brasil) durante el COVID-19
Authors: Xavier Martins Haysla , Herzog Siqueira Jordana , De Oliveira Aprelini Carla Moronari , Enriquez-Martinez Oscar Geovanny , Härter Griep Rosane , Mendes da Fonseca Maria de Jesus , Silva Pereira Taísa Sabrina , Bisi Molina Maria del Carmen
Published: October 2024

Introducción: En el escenario de restricciones sociales para detener la propagación del virus SARS-CoV-2 se produjeron cambios en los hábitos de vida y alimentación de las poblaciones de todo el mundo. Objetivo: Evaluar los hábitos alimentarios asociados al trabajo remoto durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Metodología: Estudio transversal con trabajadores activos del ELSA-Brasil, durante la colecta de datos nombrada Ola-COVID (julio, 2020 a febrero, 2021). Los datos se recopilaron en línea a través de cuestionarios autoaplicados.  Para los hábitos alimentarios se tuvieron como variables dependientes el aumento en la adquisición de alimentos ultraprocesados; el aumento en la adquisición de alimentos in natura; la puntuación de calidad de la alimentación; el uso semanal de comida rápida a domicilio; el cambio en la preparación de alimentos. La variable de exposición fue la modalidad de trabajo (remoto o presencial). Para el análisis estadístico, se utilizó SPSS 21.0, con significancia de p < 0,05. Resultados: Se evaluaron 2463 personas (44 a 83 años de edad), de las cuales, el 78 % se encontraba trabajando de forma remota. Después del ajuste de las variables, los cambios en la preparación de los alimentos se mantuvieron asociados con el trabajo remoto, es decir, tanto los hombres (OR = 2,45 IC95 % 1,75-3,42) como las mujeres (OR = 2,93 IC95 % 2,19-3,92) tuvieron mayores posibilidades de cocinar. No se observó diferencia entre la puntuación de la calidad de los alimentos y el tipo de trabajo. Sin embargo, cuando se evaluó la puntuación de la calidad de alimentos, a mayor frecuencia semanal de pedidos de comida rápida a domicilio, peor fue la calidad de la alimentación. Conclusiones: Las personas que trabajaban remotamente durante el COVID-19 implementaron cambios en la preparación de los alimentos, en especial, una mayor probabilidad de cocinar. No se halló una asociación permanente entre los demás hábitos alimentarios evaluados y la modalidad de trabajo.
El comportamiento de la fecundidad en las regiones de Argentina entre 2010 y 2021: Cambios en el calendario reproductivo de las poblaciones
Authors: Loyola Víctor Francisco , Peláez Enrique
Published: October 2024

Introducción: Entre 2001 y 2014, la fecundidad en Argentina presentó un comportamiento con escasas variaciones. Posteriormente, desde 2015 hasta 2021, se registró una caída abrupta, situando la tasa global de fecundidad (TGF) por debajo de 2.1 hijos por mujer a partir de 2018. En el presente trabajo se analiza el comportamiento regional de dichos cambios, considerando las modificaciones en el calendario reproductivo. Metodología: Se presenta un análisis cuantitativo en el que se calculan TGF; tasas específicas de fecundidad (TEF); TGF no condicionales por orden de nacimiento (TGFi); edades medias a la maternidad generales (EMM) y de los primeros nacidos vivos (EMM1); y TGF ajustadas al efecto tempo (TGF*). Los nacimientos por edad de la madre y orden fueron provistos por la Dirección de Estadísticas e Información de la Salud (DEIS) del Ministerio de Salud; las estimaciones de población se obtuvieron de las estimaciones y proyecciones calculadas por INDEC. Resultados: Entre 2010 y 2014, las regiones experimentaron leves descensos de su fecundidad, junto a un comportamiento sin muchos cambios en las EMM y las TGF*. Entre 2015 y 2021, todas las regiones situaron sus TGF por debajo de 2.1 hijos por mujer, aglutinaron la mayoría de sus nacimientos en el grupo de 25-29 años de las mujeres, y presentaron incrementos en el efecto tempo. Conclusiones: Se estima que la notable reducción de la fecundidad reciente en las regiones de Argentina se asocia con el retraso del calendario reproductivo.
Effect of Rhizobium Bacteria Inoculation Rate on Yield and Yield Components of Field Pea (Pisum sativum L.) at Awi Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: ABEBAW Birhanu Gebeyehu
Published: October 2024

Field peas (Pisum sativum L.) is economically a significant crop in Ethiopia. The yield of field peas in our country has fell due to poor management practices of Bio fertilizer rates usage. Three rates of bio fertilizer (0, 250 and 500g ha-1) were laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Number of nodules per plant, Pod numbers per plant, plant height, and effective nodule number of productive tillers, total biomass yield, grain yield, and straw yield were recorded and significantly affected by bio-fertilizer rate application. The determined or the highest grain yield (2671kg ha-1) was recorded from 250 g ha-1 bio-fertilizer rate. Almost 250g ha-1 bio fertilizer rates were superior for the research area. Nevertheless, more investigation has to be done under different locations and seasons to come up with practical recommendations correlated to the current study.
Morpho-physiological Characteristics under Salinity Stress of Triticum aestivum L. var. Alex
Authors: TRUȘCĂ Mădălina , GÂDEA Ștefania , VÂTCĂ Anamaria , RACZ Ionuț , STOIAN Valentina , VÂTCĂ Sorin
Published: October 2024

The aim of the study was to highlight morpho-physiological changes like plant height, spike characteristics and stomata features in wheat induced by salt stress. Seeds of wheat var. Alex were sown, in mezo-phyto-cosmos, in five repetitions, under six saline doses, 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, and 75 mM NaCl. The experiment was conducted under field conditions. The assessments including plant height, arista, and spike length were taken and evaluated at the end of the experiment. Adaxial stomatal imprints have been sampled and the stomata density (number of stomata/mm2) and their size were assessed under the microscope. Wheat morphological parameters were affected by the highest salinity dose. Plant height was significantly reduced in the 60 and 75 mM NaCl doses by 16% and 20%. The spike length showed a significant reduction only in the highest saline dose treatment. Arista length registered the highest value in the 15 mM NaCl treatment with 23% more compared to the control. Stomata density reported the highest value in the 15 mM NaCl treatment, significantly higher compared to the 0 mM NaCl dose. The highest salinity doses significantly reduced plant height and spike length. Arista length and stomata density showed similar patterns.
Effects of Low-Dose Organic Trace Minerals Supplementation on the Mineral Excretion and Physiological Mineral Status in Small Ruminants
Authors: VIGH Antal , PUTRINO Soraia , GERARD Christine
Published: October 2024

This study investigated the effects of replacing inorganic trace mineral (ITM) supplementations of Mn, Zn and Cu by iso or lower doses of organic TM (OTM) on mineral status and mineral excretion of sheep. Following a Latin square design, nine castrated rams were divided to three experimental treatments: supplementation either with ITM (INORG) or OTM (ORG) following the recommended levels, and OTM at a reduced dosage (ORGLow). After an adaptation period, samples of feces, urine and blood were collected for 12 days in metabolic stalls. Serum mineral content showed differences only for Cu, which was significantly higher (p<0.01) with ORGLow when compared to INORG and ORG (0.79, 0.74 and 0.69 mg/kg, respectively). Total daily feces mineral excretions were downregulated with ORGLow compared to the INORG or ORG: 77.2, 89.2 and 91.6mg/day; 38.8, 56.0 and 57.0 mg/day; 5.70, 8.15 and 7.06 mg/day for Mn, Zn and Cu, respectively. The results of this study suggest that supplementing sheep with a low dosage of OTM significantly reduces mineral excretion without a negative effect on the physiological mineral status of the animals. Further long-term studies are necessary to assess the mineral mobilization from body storages during supplementation with low dosages of OTM.
New Method of Obtaining Proteolytic Enzymatic Preparation from Fungal Strain Fusarium gibbosum CNMN FD 12
Authors: CLAPCO Steliana , CILOCI Alexandra , DVORNINA Elena , LABLIUC Svetlana
Published: October 2024

Proteases, that are able to hydrolyze the peptide bonds in proteins and polypeptides, occupy a key position in diverse fields, such as food, agriculture, animal feed. Considering the increasing demand for microbial proteases, identification of new way for improving the productivity of producers is of great importance. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a new coordination compound [Fe(H2L)(H2O)2](NO3)3∙2.5H2O  (where H2L = 2,6-diacetylpyridine bis(picolinoylhydrazone)) on the activity of proteolytic complex synthesized by the micromycete Fusarium gibbosum CNMN FD 12 under the submerged fermentations in shake flask, as well as in lab-scale fermenter. It was found that [Fe(H2L)(H2O)2](NO3)3∙2.5H2O exerts a significant positive effect on proteolytic activity in F. gibbosum CNMN FD 12 both in flasks and bioreactor and can be used as stimulator and regulator of proteases activity. By varying the concentration of the coordination compound and the duration of cultivation, it is possible to obtain proteolytic complexes enriched in different types of proteases (acid, neutral or alkaline), depending on the practical needs.
Microbial Diversity of Aquatic Environment as Source of Enzymes
Authors: SÎRBU Tamara , BURȚEVA Svetlana , BOGDAN-GOLUBI Nina , BÎRSA Maxim , SLANINA Valerina , ȚURCAN Olga , MOLDOVAN Cristina
Published: October 2024

This research consisted of studying the ability of new strains of microorganisms isolated from water of the "La izvor" lake system to synthesize enzymes: amylase, catalase, cellulase, lipase and selecting those with significant enzymatic potential. Express tests were performed to determine the enzymatic capacity: amylase, catalase, cellulase and lipase of 25 strains of actinobacteria, 25 strains of bacteria, 8 strains of microalgae and cyanobacteria, 35 strains of fungi. When determining the enzymatic capacity, specific indicators were used for each enzyme: amylase - Lugol's solution, catalase - H2O2 (3%), cellulase – carboxymethyl cellulose and Congo red, lipase – Tween 80. As a result of this study, 3 strains of actinobacteria, 9 strains of bacteria, 4 strains of fungi, and 5 strains of microalgae and cyanobacteria with significant enzymatic potential as prospects for biotechnology were selected.
Effects of Gypsum Application at Different Levels of Nutrient Solution Electrical Conductivity on Yield, Quality and Antioxidant Activity of Soilless Strawberry Grown in Cocopeat
Authors: MURARIU Otilia C. , TALLARITA Alessio V. , STOLERU Vasile , COZZOLINO Eugenio , MIRABELLA Massimo , HAMBURDA Silvia Brindusa , LOMBARDI Pasquale , CUCINIELLO Antonio , MAIELLO Roberto , CENVINZO Vincenzo , CARUSO Gianluca
Published: October 2024

Research on strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) was carried out in greenhouse in 2022-2023, arranging a 4 x 2 factorial experiment, consisting of four levels of electrical conductivity of the nutrient solutions (1.2, 1.7, 2.2, and 2.7 dS m-1) and application of gypsum (without application – control and application). The plants were grown in coconut fibre substrate from late October to early June. The 2.2 dS m-1 ECsol resulted in the highest yield, whereas the highest values of dry matter and soluble solids were recorded under 2.7 dS m-1 ECsol. Gypsum application resulted in the increase of dry matter, soluble solids, firmness and colour components. The 2.2 and 2.7 dS m-1 ECsol led to the highest levels of hydrophilic and lipophilic antioxidant activities as well as polyphenols and vitamin C. From the research carried out on strawberry grown in coconut fibre, it arose that the 2.2 dS m-1 EC of the nutrient solution showed the best effect on yield, but it did not generally differ from 2.7 dS m-1 regarding the quality of the 'fruits'. Gypsum treatment represents an effective strategy to improve some important qualitative characteristics of strawberry 'fruits', under the perspective of sustainable management of crop systems.