bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Awareness of the hair stroke technique among eyebrow semi-permanent makeup techniques
Authors: Kim Yeo Jin
Published: February 2025

As the modern semi-permanent makeup market develops in line with the trend, a new eyebrow technique, the hair stroke technique, which is a new eyebrow technique that informs the trend in the Korean semi-permanent makeup industry, is attracting attention recently. Among the semi-permanent makeup eyebrow techniques, there are studies on techniques related to embossing, resin, and combo, but there are no prior studies on the hair stroke technique. The purpose of this study is to investigate the recognition of the existing semi-permanent makeup technique and the hair stroke technique.
In this study, a survey on the awareness of the differentiated hair stroking technique among the existing eyebrow semi-permanent techniques was conducted for consumers and operators from February 25 to March 20, 2024, and technical statistics were conducted using SPSS, a commercial program for statistical analysis. The results of the study analyzing the survey of a total of 315 people are as follows. First, the demand for the hair stroking technique was lower than that of the existing eyebrow semi-permanent technique of consumers. Second, as most of the cases showed that the practitioners knew about the hair stroking technique compared to the consumers, but had never seen anyone who had undergone the procedure, it was found that there were not many technicians performing the hair stroking technique in Korea. Third, it was found that the operator and the consumer knew more about the difference in perception of the hair stroking technique than the consumer. Fourth, it was found that 88.4% of those who had not experienced the hair stroking technique were high, and 11.4% of those who had experienced it were significantly low, indicating that consumers lacked awareness of the hair stroking technique and there were still insufficient technicians to perform the procedure.
The conclusions of the results of this study are as follows. Since the recognition and demand of the hair stroke technique are low, many follow-up studies need to be conducted to systematically train Korean hair stroke technique experts to revitalize consumer construction so that consumers can increase the demand for hair stroke techniques in the future and become an important treatment technique for existing semi-permanent makeup.
Developing 5 Nail Mixed Media Using the F/W 2024/2025 Pantone Color Trends
Authors: Park Ji-Eun
Published: February 2025

The colors that Pantone releases each year have a significant impact on many industries. Nail art is no exception to this trend, with many creative designs using seasonal colors. Previous studies have analyzed nail design works using Pantone colors every year, including 2018, 2020, and 2021, but there is a lack of nail mixed media research on Pantone color trends for 2024. The purpose of this study is to propose five nail mixed media based on the study of the characteristics of each of the five NYFW 2024/2025 New Classics colors and the results of image conception and analysis.
To do so, we examined the New Classics colors, analyzed the characteristics and images of each of the five colors (White Swan, Raw Umber, Dark Gull Gray, Baritone Blue, and Buckthorn Brown), and developed nail mixed media pieces.
As a result, first, the unique features of the New Classics colors, White Swan, Raw Umber, Dark Gull Gray, Baritone Blue, and Buckthorn Brown, were utilized and applied to the design. Second, the five color features and images were conceived and expressed as a swan image of White Swan, an elegant flower image of Raw Umber, a sophisticated image of Dark Gull Gray houndstooth, a mysterious image of the deep sea of Baritone Blue, and a natural image of Buckthorn Brown with an antique feel.
These results show that Pantone colors are an influential part of nail design. They can be used to create new designs through various techniques that deviate from the usual nail art,
It is recommended as a follow-up study to effectively utilize color trends, present differentiated styles, and develop multi-faceted nail trends.
Analysis of Makeup Education Needs of Silver Generation Women
Authors: Jung Hyun
Published: February 2025

Korean women of the silver generation demonstrate a strong interest in managing their appearance but often find it challenging to identify and adopt suitable beauty practices.
The purpose of this study was to understand the willingness of silver generation women to participate in makeup education and their perception and attitude toward makeup depending on whether they have completed makeup education.
An online survey was conducted from August 20 to September 20, 2024, targeting 265 socially active, mentally and physically healthy women aged 60 and older. The findings are as follows: First, 75.8% of participants reported no prior makeup education, while 82.2% expressed a need for makeup education programs, and 79.9% showed a high willingness to participate. Among those interested, 58.7% preferred training durations of less than one month, and 58.0% opted for weekly sessions. Second, the most requested program was a “basic makeup course and wrinkle-covering techniques” (83%), and the most preferred training venue was a welfare center (76.6%). Third, younger participants exhibited significantly higher demands for programs such as personal color makeup (F=4.757, p<.01) and preferred lifelong education centers as venues (F=3.535, p<.05).
In this study, we analyzed the demand for makeup education for silver generation women and confirmed the need for development of makeup education at the national level. We suggest that follow-up research be conducted to deeply analyze the demand and trends for makeup education for the silver generation and develop a practical curriculum.
Pilihan Child Free Pada Era Kontemporer: Studi Q.S Al-Furqan Ayat 54 Dalam Kajian Tafsir Maqasidi
Authors: Syah Irwan , Taufiq Muhammad
Published: February 2025

Fenomena child-free menjadi salah satu topik yang banyak dibicarakan di era modern, terutama dalam konteks masyarakat Muslim yang menjunjung tinggi nilai keluarga dan keberlanjutan generasi. Pilihan untuk tidak memiliki anak dianggap bertentangan dengan prinsip-prinsip agama, sehingga memerlukan telaah yang lebih mendalam. QS. Al-Furqan/25: 54, yang mengupas penciptaan manusia, hubungan kekerabatan, dan hikmah di baliknya, dijadikan landasan utama untuk memahami isu ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis fenomena child-free melalui pendekatan tafsir maqasidi guna menilai kesesuaiannya dengan tujuan-tujuan utama syariat Islam, khususnya perlindungan keturunan (hifzh al-nasl). Penelitian menggunakan metode studi pustaka (library research) dengan pendekatan deskriptif-kualitatif. Sumber data utama mencakup tafsir klasik seperti Tafsir al-Baidhawi dan Tafsir al-Qurtubi, serta tafsir kontemporer dan literatur modern yang membahas fenomena ini. Teori maqasid syariah menjadi kerangka analisis untuk menggali relevansi ayat dalam menjawab permasalahan sosial kontemporer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pilihan child-free bertentangan dengan maqasid syariah yang menekankan pentingnya keberlangsungan generasi untuk kelangsungan umat. Namun, analisis maqasidi juga menekankan pentingnya mempertimbangkan konteks individu, seperti kesehatan atau alasan darurat, yang dapat memengaruhi keputusan tersebut. Kesimpulannya, pengaturan kelahiran diperbolehkan dalam Islam, tetapi penolakan keturunan secara permanen tidak dibenarkan. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pendekatan dakwah berbasis maqasid syariah yang tidak hanya menyoroti nilai-nilai agama tetapi juga memberikan edukasi komprehensif mengenai dampak sosial dan spiritual dari pilihan child-free. Dengan demikian, pendekatan ini diharapkan dapat memberikan pemahaman yang lebih holistik bagi umat Islam di era modern.
Larangan Menjadikan Al-Qur'an Sebagai Sumber Penghasilan Perspektif Imam Nawawi Dalam Kitab at-Tibyan Fi Adabi Hamalatil Qur'an
Authors: Rahman M Khairul , Rahman Arif
Published: February 2025

Tulisan ini memebahas tentang larangan menjadikan sebagai sumber penhasilan, al-Qur’an tidak hanya sebagai ladang dakwah, lebih dari itu mereka menyisipkan niat untuk mencari uang bahkan ladang bisnis dengan mematok tarif-tarif ataupun upah dari hasil mereka membaca al-Qur’an baik melalui khataman maupun dalam bentuk haflah tilawah al-Qur’an, hingga tatkala bisyaroh yang mereka dapatkan tidak sesuai ekspetasi mereka cenderung mengungkit kembali apa yang telah mereka lakukan. Berbeda dengan masa para ulama salaf yang mengajarkan al-Qur’an merupakan sebuah kewajiban bagi mereka tanpa mengharapkan sesuatu apapun dari manusia dan hanya mengharapkan ridho Allah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. yang mana di dalamnya terdapat terdapat proses pengumpulan data di berbagai sumber seperti kitab dan buku-buku yang relafan dengan penelitian, kemudia di komparasikan dengan keadaan masa kini. Hasil peneliian menunjukan bahwa para ulama berbeda dalam menentukan hukum menerima dan memberi upah terhadap para pengajar al-Qur’an, mulai ada yang membolehkannya secara mutlak hingga mengharamkannya secara mutlak dan adapula yang membolehkannya dengan syarat-syarat tertentu. Hukum kebolehan mengambil upah dari mengajarkan al-Qur’an ada yang membolehkan secara mutlak sebagaimana madzhab imam Syafi’i dan Maliki dan ada juga yang haramkannya secara mutlak seperti madzhab imam Hanafi serta ada pula yang membolehkan dengan syarat harus adanya kebutuhan terhadapnya. Imam Nawawi dalam kitabnya al-Tibyan Fi Adabi Hamalatil Qur’an yang cenderung menghimbau para hamil al-Qur’an agar senantiasa memurnikan niat semata-mata karena Allah ta’ala kendatipun beliau tidak memberikan penegasan mengenai hukum bagi dia yang menjadikan al-Qur’an sebagai sumber penghasilan.
Konsep Pendidikan Beradaskan Term Al-Mau’idzah Dalam Al-Qur’an, QS. Al-Nahl/16: 125, Al-Baqarah/2: 232, Al-Nisa/4: 34, 66, Yunus/10: 57
Authors: Taufan  , Aminullah Muhammad
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini mengkaji konsep pendidikan berdasarkan konsep al-Mau’idzah yang terdapat dalam beberapa ayat al-Qur'an, yaitu surah al-Nahl ayat 125, surah al-Baqarah ayat 232, surah al-Nisa ayat 34 dan 66, serta surah Yunus ayat 57. Al-Mau’idzah, secara etimologis, merujuk pada nasihat, pengajaran, atau bimbingan yang disampaikan dengan penuh hikmah dan kebijaksanaan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merumuskan pemahaman mendalam tentang nilai-nilai pendidikan yang terkandung dalam ayat-ayat tersebut dan bagaimana nilai-nilai tersebut dapat diterapkan dalam konteks pendidikan moderen. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif terhadap ayat-ayat al-Qur'an yang relevan, dengan memanfaatkan pendekatan tafsir dan studi komparatif terhadap pandangan para ahli. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa konsep al-Mau’idzah menekankan pentingnya pendidikan yang komprehensif, yang mencakup aspek spiritual, moral, dan intelektual. Dalam konteks ini, pendidikan diartikan sebagai proses menyampaikan nilai-nilai kehidupan yang dapat membentuk karakter dan moralitas individu secara menyeluruh. Penelitian ini menyoroti Implikasi konsep al-Mau’idzah dalam pengembangan teori dan praktik pendidikan Islam, hal ini mencakup penekanan pada pendekatan pendidikan yang berorientasi pada nilai-nilai, penguatan karakter, dan pembentukan kepribadian yang kuat. Dengan memahami konsep-konsep ini, pendidik dapat mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai al-Mau’idzah ke dalam kurikulum dan metode pengajaran untuk mencapai tujuan pendidikan yang holistik dan berkelanjutan dalam masyarakat kontemporer. Studi ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi penting dalam literatur pendidikan Islam, dengan memperluas wawasan tentang relevansi nilai-nilai al-Mau’idzah dalam membangun masyarakat yang lebih baik melalui pendidikan yang bermakna dan berdampak positif.
Assessment of nitric oxide and peroxiredoxin along with frap in newly diagnosed patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Kidwai Mohd Zaid , Bindra Maninder
Published: February 2025

Background: The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) involves oxidative stress and impaired antioxidant defense systems.
Objective: Hence, we aimed to assess Nitric Oxide (NO), Peroxiredoxin, and Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma (FRAP) levels in newly diagnosed patients with T2DM.
Method: In this case-control study, we included 63 patients as cases (newly diagnosed T2DM patients) and 63 as controls (healthy individuals). Detailed clinic-demographic data were recorded for all participants. Furthermore, fasting and post-prandial plasma glucose, HbA1c, NO, FRAP and peroxiredoxin were calculated. Statistical analysis was conducted to compare the findings between the two groups.
Results: The preponderance of cases and controls were aged between 61 and 65. Male patients were the majority in both groups. The majority of reported cases involved alcohol consumption (p=0.0314*). The study revealed significant differences in kidney function, lipid profile, fasting and postprandial plasma glucose, and Hba1c levels between cases and controls (p<0.05). NO and FRAP levels in the case group were significantly lower (p<0.0001*), while peroxiredoxin levels were significantly higher (p<0.0001*).
Conclusion: T2DM is associated with increased oxidative stress, indicated by elevated levels of Peroxiredoxin and decreased levels of FRAP and NO. These alterations in antioxidant defence mechanisms may serve as early indicators for the development of T2DM complications.
Treatment of perineal wounds using complementary alternative therapies: Evidence based case review
Authors: Rahmah Lailatul , Yuliana Fitri , Palimbo Adriana , Wahdah Rabia , Rahayu Irma Putri
Published: February 2025

Background: Perineal wounds can cause pain, inflammation, and mechanical trauma and even affect daily mobility. Furthermore, over a long period, prolonged pain can also cause women to become irritable, tired, and even depressed. Midwives are responsible for providing episiotomy pain management services and offering evidence-based good practices for such problems or complaints.
Objective: This evidence-based case review aims to determine the results of alternative treatments in relieving and healing perineal wound pain, both spontaneous tears during childbirth and suture wounds.
Method: This review is based on a good practice stage report carried out by a group of midwife professional program students who handled midwifery care in the Fatimah Azzahra postpartum ward, Islamic Hospitals, Banjarmasin, in June 2023 with cases including spontaneous lacerations, episiotomies, and second-degree suturing. Then, three articles were assessed and analyzed to provide comparison and evidence relevant to our case report.  Criteria indicators use the PICO format.
Findings: The problem was seen in episiotomy wound pain, with some differences in intervention, including lavender oil, ice blocks, rosemary cream, and lavender oil vapor. Furthermore, the comparison between the studies was the group of material used, method, and design of interventions. The outcomes were reduced local temperature of the skin and subcutaneous tissue and a lower rate of the wound in the intervention.
Conclusion: Complementary therapy of midwifery care in hospitals has been implemented quite well as long as it does not conflict with procedures, raw materials are easy to obtain, and it is also under continuous supervision by other practitioners.
The correlations between the determinants of women's health during pregnancy to the incidence of stunting
Authors: Lathifah Nur , Kusumawati Linda , Palimbo Adriana , Jannah Fathonatun
Published: February 2025

Background: WHO's target of reducing stunting below 20% has not been achieved in Indonesia, especially in Banjar Regency, with a prevalence of 33.45%. Lok Buntar village became the locus of stunting, where 38.7% of the 116 children under five were stunted, with several determining factors including age at pregnancy, a woman's height, birth spacing, nutritional status, and anemia.
Objective: This study aims to determine the relation between determinants of maternal health during pregnancy and the incidence of stunting in Lok Buntar Village, Banjar Regency.
Method: This type of observational analytic research with a retrospective design case-control approach. The total sample of 90 pregnant women, consisting of 45 cases and 45 controls, was taken by random sampling technique. Secondary data collection instruments used were checklists, cohorts of mothers and toddlers, and MCH books.
Results: Findings show that the age of women during pregnancy is 84.0% at risk between 20 to 35 years, p-value 0.000. The spacing of births within two years was 70.4%, while the spacing of more than two years was 41.3%, with a p-value of 0.021. Respondents who have a height below 150 cm are 68.6%, with a p-value of 0.009. The nutritional status of pregnant women experiencing caloric energy deficiency is 84.2%, with a p-value of 0.002. Meanwhile, anemia and the risk of stunting were 89.7%, with a p-value of 0.000.
Conclusion: The determinants of women's health during pregnancy have significant correlations with the incidence of stunting.
Effect of demonstration-method counseling on the understanding of correct breastfeeding techniques among pregnant women
Authors: Fatmawati  , Meldawati  , Palimbo Adriana , Mahdiyah Dede
Published: February 2025

Background: Exclusive breast milk is food with nutritional content most suitable for the baby's needs, protects against various infections, and provides a loving relationship that supports all aspects of the baby's development, including the baby's health and intelligence. The success of breastfeeding depends on the understanding of the breastfeeding technique used by the mother.
Objective: Analyzed the effect of demonstration-method counseling on understanding correct breastfeeding techniques among pregnant women.
Method: The research used a quasi-experimental design with pre- and post-tests. Based on established criteria, 55 samples were taken purposively from 133 pregnant women who underwent examinations at the Muara Koman Community Health Center. Demographic data and pregnant women's understanding of breastfeeding techniques were collected using questionnaires. Analysis was carried out using SPSS.
Results: Counseling with demonstration methods for pregnant women can increase understanding of correct breastfeeding techniques. This is shown in the pretest results before being given demonstration method counseling with a score of 30 (52.6%), increasing to a score of 51 (89.5%). Comparative analysis of the pre-and post-tests showed a significant effect of counseling using the demonstration method on the level of understanding of pregnant women about correct breastfeeding techniques with a p-value <0.05.
Conclusion: Counseling with a suitable demonstration method is provided to increase pregnant women's understanding of breastfeeding correctly.
Factors influencing the occurrence of exclusive breastfeeding failure in six-month-old infants
Authors: Nathalia Ayu , Rahmawati Dwi , Nastiti Kunti , Salmarini Desilestia Dwi
Published: February 2025

Background: Mother's milk is the best food for babies aged 0 – 6 months. Babies who are not exclusively breastfed have a greater risk of death due to malnutrition. The failure factor for exclusive breastfeeding can be caused by various circumstances and regional factors.
Objective: Knowing what are the factors that influence the failure of exclusive breastfeeding in six-month-old babies
Method: The research design used is cross-sectional, using a total sampling technique. The sample used was 28 respondents who were tested using the Chi-square test. Data was collected using a closed questionnaire where respondents provided responses in the form of answer choices on the questionnaire. Data analysed using Fisher’s exact test, the p-value used was 0.05.
Results: The results showed that there was no relationship between maternal age with a p-value of 0.284, education level with a p-value of 0.114, knowledge of breast milk with a p-value of 1.000, maternal employment with a p-value of 1.000 with exclusive breastfeeding failure and there was a relationship between family support with a p-value of <0.001 to exclusive breastfeeding failure. the cause of exclusive breastfeeding failure. evidenced by the existence of a relationship with a p-value <0.05.
Conclusion: There is no relationship between maternal age, education, knowledge, and occupation. There is a relationship between family support and factors that influence the occurrence of exclusive breastfeeding failure.
Healthy lifestyle for women of childbearing age
Authors: Hestiyana Nita , Hidayah Nurul , Anisa Fadhiyah Noor , Zulliati
Published: February 2025

Background: Maternal nutrition before and during pregnancy is a key determinant of pregnancy outcomes and long-term health for both mother and child. The preconception period is crucial for improving maternal well-being and reducing risks such as preterm birth, low birth weight, and developmental issues. However, many women of childbearing age (WCA) lack adequate nutritional knowledge, increasing the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Case presentation: In collaboration with the Terminal Health Center, a program was implemented to educate WCA on the importance of balanced nutrition and healthy lifestyles to prepare for pregnancy. Activities included a field survey to assess nutritional knowledge, educational outreach through information sessions and leaflets, and monitoring and evaluation of participants' knowledge improvement. Participants actively engaged in discussions, revealing prior gaps in understanding balanced nutrition and its role in pregnancy preparation.
Discussion: The preconception period presents an optimal window for nutritional interventions. Addressing micronutrient deficiencies and promoting healthier diets can reduce the risk of complications such as gestational diabetes and preeclampsia. The program demonstrated that educational interventions delivered through community-based healthcare centers can significantly enhance awareness and encourage long-term behavioral changes, ultimately contributing to better maternal and child health outcomes.
Conclusion: This intervention successfully increased nutritional literacy among WCA, emphasizing the importance of balanced nutrition in preparing for pregnancy. Cross-sectoral collaborations between healthcare providers and community leaders are essential to sustain these efforts and improve maternal and child health outcomes. Future programs should focus on expanding outreach and continuous evaluation to maintain positive behavioral changes.
Effectiveness of Citronella oil aromatherapy in enhancing appetite among stunted toddlers
Authors: Kasmirah  , Zulliati  , Kusvitasari Hairiana , Yuliantie Putri
Published: February 2025

Background: Stunting is a major public health concern, affecting millions of children worldwide, particularly in Indonesia, where 27.7% of children under five are affected. Poor appetite is a common issue among stunted children, contributing to malnutrition. Citronella oil, known for its appetite-stimulating properties, offers a potential intervention.
Objective: To measure the effect of citronella oil aromatherapy on appetite in stunted toddlers.
Method: A one-group pretest-posttest design was employed, involving 33 stunted toddler and parents at Long Kali Community Health Center. Appetite was assessed using the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) before and after exposure to citronella oil. Paired t-tests were used to analyze the data, with significance set at p < 0.05.
Result: The results showed a significant improvement in appetite after the intervention, with the mean CEBQ score increasing from 23.76 to 60.45 (p < 0.001). Prior to the intervention, 81.8% of toddlers exhibited poor appetite, but post-intervention, 81.8% demonstrated good appetite. These findings suggest that Citronella oil aromatherapy is an effective method for stimulating appetite in stunted toddlers. The aroma activates the olfactory system, positively influencing the brain's limbic system, which regulates appetite and emotions.
Conclusion: The statistically significant improvements highlight the potential for integrating Citronella oil into nutritional interventions for stunted children, particularly in resource-limited settings. This study contributes to the growing body of evidence supporting the use of aromatherapy as a complementary approach to addressing malnutrition and poor appetite in pediatric populations.
Social support for parents of children with leukemia
Authors: Carolin Putri , Fetriyah Umi Hanik , Palimbo Adriana , Mahmudah Rifa'atul
Published: February 2025

Background: The prevalence of children with leukemia tends to increase. Leukemia treatment requires a long period of time which has physical, psychological and social impacts on children and parents which affect their quality of life. Social support obtained protects parents in facing times of stress.
Objective: To determine social support for parents who have children with leukemia.
Method: Quantitative research type. The research sample consisted of 30 respondents taken using convenient sampling techniques. Data collection instrument using a questionnaire. Data were analysed with descriptive statistics.
Results: The majority of parents who have children with leukemia are over 35 years old (73.3%), have elementary education (43.3%), work as housewives (53.3%), and most parental category is mothers (80.0%). Mean value of social support (66.43), highest social support category (76.7%). Social support questionnaire items are highest in the family dimension of form of emotional support and lowest form of emotional support. Friend dimension is lowest form of instrumental support and highest form of emotional support. The dimension of closest person is the highest form of emotional support and lowest is the form of instrumental support.
Conclusion: Social support from family, friends, and close people is needed for parents who have children with leukemia. Because it can provide positive energy for parents and children, the attention, security, and comfort provided can increase their confidence. Recommendations for friends and parents to provide instrumental support in form of being ready to help parents who have children with leukemia when experiencing difficulties both facilities and material.
Association between breast care knowledge and smooth breast milk production in post-caesarean mothers
Authors: Agustin Hellis Tria , Rahmawati Dwi , Gaghauna Eirene Eunika Meidiana , Hasanah Siti Noor
Published: February 2025

Background: Sectio caesarean (SC) is increasingly common, with significant challenges for breastfeeding due to factors like postoperative pain and mobility limitations. Proper breast care can support milk production, yet many mothers lack adequate knowledge about its importance and techniques. Understanding the relationship between breast care knowledge and breastfeeding outcomes in post-SC mothers is critical to improving maternal and child health.
Objective: This study aimed to examine the relationship between breast care knowledge and smooth breast milk production among post-SC mothers.
Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 30 post-SC mothers at Ibunda Mother and Child Hospitals, Tanah Laut, from September to November 2023. Participants were selected through accidental sampling. Data on breast care knowledge and milk production were collected using validated instruments and analyzed using chi-square tests.
Results: Most respondents had sufficient breast care knowledge (73%), and 90% reported smooth breast milk production. However, no significant association was found between breast care knowledge and milk production (p = 0.78). This indicates that while knowledge is vital, other factors such as psychological and physiological conditions also play a role.
Conclusion: Although most participants demonstrated good knowledge and milk production, this study highlights that breastfeeding success is multifactorial, requiring holistic approaches that address physical, psychological, and social dimensions. Integrating education with practical support could enhance breastfeeding outcomes.
Effectiveness of consuming dates in increasing hemoglobin levels in pregnant women with anemia
Authors: Nurdin Nur Aini , Meldawati  , Mariana Frani , Darsono Putri Vidiasari
Published: February 2025

Background: Anemia in pregnancy is a major global health issue, affecting maternal and fetal outcomes. It is often caused by iron deficiency due to increased physiological demands and inadequate nutritional intake. Dietary interventions, including consuming dates (Phoenix dactylifera), are gaining attention as complementary strategies to address this issue.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of consuming dates in improving hemoglobin levels among pregnant women with anemia.
Method: A quasi-experimental study with a one-group pre-test and post-test design was conducted. Twenty-two anemic pregnant women from the Tanjung Aru Public Health Center participated, consuming seven tamr dates (approximately 100 g) daily for 14 days. Hemoglobin levels were measured pre- and post-intervention using the Point of Care Testing (POCT) method. Data were analyzed using paired t-tests to determine statistical significance.
Results: Before the intervention, 68.2% of participants had mild anemia, and 31.8% had moderate anemia, with no cases of normal hemoglobin levels. Post-intervention, 45.4% of participants achieved normal hemoglobin levels, while cases of mild and moderate anemia decreased to 36.4% and 18.2%, respectively. The mean hemoglobin level increased significantly from 13.81 g/dL pre-intervention to 14.62 g/dL post-intervention (p = 0.013).
Conclusion: Consuming dates effectively improved hemoglobin levels in pregnant women with anemia, offering a promising, culturally appropriate dietary intervention. Further research with larger populations is recommended to validate these findings and explore long-term outcomes.
Breast cancer screening in postpartum mother: A literature review
Authors: Rahmawati Dwi , Dona Sismeri , Mahdiyah Dede , Budiwinata Winarta , Widodo Hariadi
Published: February 2025

Background: Breast cancer remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among women, with early detection playing a critical role in improving outcomes. Postpartum mothers face unique challenges related to breast cancer screening due to physiological changes in breast tissue, lactation, and competing demands of infant care.
Objective: This literature review explores breast cancer screening practices in postpartum mothers, identifies barriers and facilitators, and proposes strategies to improve screening uptake during this critical period.
Method: A narrative review was conducted by analyzing studies from peer-reviewed journals. Articles were selected based on their relevance to breast cancer screening, postpartum mothers, and early detection methods. The data were synthesized to highlight key findings, identify gaps, and provide actionable insights.
Results: Postpartum mothers experience significant barriers to breast cancer screening, including hormonal changes, lactation-related conditions, and limited awareness. Physiological remodeling of breast tissue can obscure early symptoms, delaying diagnosis. Despite these challenges, self-breast examination (BSE) and acupressure are effective techniques for early detection and breast health improvement. Studies show that BSE reduces mortality by up to 20%, while targeted acupressure enhances lactation and breast tissue awareness. Healthcare provider interventions, such as counseling and education during postpartum visits, improve screening adherence.
Conclusion: Breast cancer screening during the postpartum period is essential yet underutilized. Tailored education and integrated care approaches are critical to overcoming barriers and enhancing awareness among postpartum mothers. Further research should explore innovative technologies and interventions to optimize early detection in this population.
Formal managerial authority and frontline managers' perceived ability to lead in public organizations: results from Danish hospitals
Authors: Østergaard-Nielsen Mathias Rask , Graversen Mette Stennicke , Jacobsen Christian Bøtcher
Published: February 2025

Formal managerial authority is the right to make managerial decisions for a delimited part of an organization and its employees. Based on the literature, this article develops a measure of formal managerial authority that is used to examine the distribution of formal managerial authority. Results from a survey of 181 managing physicians and 451 managing nurses show that formal managerial authority varies significantly across types of managerial decisions and professional groups. An exploratory cross-sectional analysis shows that formal managerial authority is positively associated with self-reported visionary leadership and the perception of being able to complete leadership tasks within the allotted time. We find no association with self-reported use of verbal recognition or the perception of having the necessary leadership skills.
Leadership of democratic communities: Municipal politicians’ motivation to take responsibility
Authors: Hansen Ane-Kathrine Lundberg , Bundgaard Laura , Andersen Lotte Bøgh , Pedersen Lene Holm
Published: February 2025

Given that political party membership continues to decrease, it is relevant to investigate what motivates people to engage in political leadership of democratic communities. There is a lack of research-based knowledge on how sense of community responsibility (SOC-R) relates to political leadership behavior among politicians. Using survey data from all Danish municipal politicians in 2019 and 2023, we examine the longitudinal associations between SOC-R and two elements of democratic leadership: consensus building and visionary leadership. We employ both fixed and random effects panel regressions. The main finding is that SOC-R is positively associated with visionary leadership behavior, while findings are less certain for consensus building. This underscores the importance of continuing research into the conditions for leading democratic communities to prevent the erosion of political engagement.
Tillidens muligheder i velfærdsledelse: fra hierarki og marked til moral og sociale relationer
Authors: Vallentin Steen
Published: February 2025

Modeller for udvikling af den danske velfærd bliver ved med at trække på tillid som en væsentlig ressource. Det kommer til udtryk i bestræbelser på at fremme afbureaukratisering, selvledelse og frisættelse. Men hvad er det for en tillid, vi taler om, når vi taler om tillid i det offentlige? Udgangspunktet for denne artikel er, at tillid ikke er en entydig størrelse, men kommer til udtryk på forskellige måder, som er rodfæstet i forskellige modeller for offentlig ledelse og styring og deres underliggende antagelser. Der argumenteres således for, at tillidens funktionsmåde kan sammenfattes i fire paradigmer: institutionel tillid, økonomisk tillid, moralsk tillid og relationel tillid. Artiklen præsenterer de analytiske og ledelses- og styringsrelaterede indsigter, der er forbundet med de fire paradigmer og deres indbyrdes samspil og kommer med forslag til, hvordan en relationelt orienteret forskningsdagsorden om offentlig tillid kan se ud.
Visionary leadership: Development dialogues that increase value congruence, vision valence, and employee engagement
Authors: Haunstrup Jørgen Skovhus
Published: February 2025

Engaged employees are a central part of a well-functioning public organization. When leaders practice visionary leadership, they can support value congruence, vision valence, and employee engagement. However, it can be challenging to implement this form of leadership, and the literature does not provide many suggestions on how to approach visionary leadership in practice. This article unfolds how goal-oriented development dialogues can serve as a framework for exercising visionary leadership and offers a practical model for conducting such dialogues. The article is based on a 15-month field experiment involving 226 Danish leaders and 4,442 job center employees. The empirical findings show that goal-oriented development dialogues increase the alignment between employees’ personal values and the organization’s values, and that the dialogues enhance employees’ vision valence and work engagement. The findings also demonstrate that leadership training programs designed with a combination of classroom-based training, action learning elements, and digital leadership tools can promote leaders’ adoption of these development dialogues.
Slaget om Grønttorvet
Authors: Andersen David
Published: February 2025

Søren Kolstrup, Slaget på Grønttorvet, Aarhus Universitetsforlag, 2024.
ДУБРОВАЧКО ПИСМО ВОЈВОДИ РАДИЧУ САНКОВИЋУ ПОВОДОМ СЛУЧАЈА ПОКРАЈЦА ТАСОВЧИЋА
Authors: Смиљанић Аранђел
Published: February 2025

Дубровачком писму претходио је долазак Будисава Милшића, посланика Радича Санковића, у град подно Срђа. Од њега су добили војводино писмо. Он им је и усмено саопштио неке новости из околине њиховог града. На тај начин Дубровчани су сазнали како је војвода Радич ухватио Покрајца Тасовчића. Они су том приликом изражавали своју радост због тог чина, јер је Покрајац износио лажи о дубровачким лошим намјерама према војводи Радичу Санковићу. У завршном дијелу писма, Дубровчани су изражавали жељу да и у будућности одржавају добре међусобне односе.
Cultural diplomacy as a promoter of China’s foreign policy
Authors: Qiu Shuangshuang
Published: February 2025

The relevance of the study is due to the rapid development of cultural diplomacy in the PRC against the background of the confrontation between the People's Republic of China and the US for world domination. The object of the study is the cultural diplomacy of the People's Republic of China. The subject of the study is the cultural diplomacy of China. A research objective is to determine the role of cultural diplomacy in the foreign policy of the People's Republic of China. The main tasks of the research are to investigate the history of Chinese cultural diplomacy after the formation of the People's Republic of China, to identify key changes in the PRC’s cultural diplomacy against the background of the deterioration of bilateral relations with the USSR, to analyze the PRC’s cultural diplomacy at the current stage, to define the main tools of implementation of cultural diplomacy of the People's Republic of China. This study is based on the "power transition" theory, explaining the process of changing the global leader in the world scene and its accompanying processes. The scientific novelty of this study is to define key tools of cultural diplomacy of the PRC at the current stage, which can include academic exchanges, dissemination of Chinese language, cinema, video games; to establish Western youth as a key goal of Chinese cultural diplomacy. The main conclusions of the study are analisys of the cultural diplomacy of the PRC, establishment of the main directions of PRC's cultural diplomacy, identification of a change in the vector of cultural diplomacy of the PRC against the background of the deterioration of bilateral relations with the USSR, identification of the key tools of cultural diplomacy of the PRC at the current stage.
Health Reform and the Medicaid Expansion: Planning for Tennessee’s Fiscal Future
Authors: Thigpen Allison
Published: February 2025

In March 2010, Congress approved large changes for the health care industry, including an expansion of the existing Medicaid program. This paper explores the potential fiscal impacts of this Medicaid expansion for the state of Tennessee. First, the development of Medicaid and TennCare, the current recession, and the broader health reform law are outlined to contextualize the Medicaid expansion. Second, the population to be covered by the expansion is characterized to understand cost implication and reveal strategies for cost containment and health improvement. Next, the costs of the program are estimated under set assumptions and the strength of the impact of two main variables -- inflation and enrollment -- are analyzed. Additionally, this section looks at savings the state may realize as well as some corollary consequences of the increased federal funding to the state.
In silico screening and experimental validation of Carissa carandas L. extract against cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity in Wistar rats
Authors: Desaipatti Roopadevi , Kudatarkar Namit , Gudasi Sachin
Published: February 2025

The aim of this study was to evaluate the cardioprotective effects of Carissa carandas L extract against cardiotoxicity which was induced by cyclophosphamide (CP) in male Wistar rats. The target proteins related to C. carandas L. were selected from super pred databases and constructed Compound–targets–pathways network. General observation determination of cardiac markers enzymes, heart tissue homogenate analysis, body weight assessment, electrocardiogram (ECG) pattern analysis, and histopathological studies were conducted. Network pharmacology analysis identified the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway as a key pathway modulated by the compound, with a false discovery rate of 2.78E-05 and a strength of 1.21. A protein-pathway compound interaction network was established, highlighting MAPK1, NOS3, EP300, and STAT3 as having the highest edge counts at 14, 11, 9, and 9. CP administration significantly decreased body weight and increased heart weight. CP elevated levels of biomarker enzymes like creatine kinase isoenzyme MB, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase. Furthermore, CP-induced rats showed significant deviations in these parameters compared to the normal group (heart rate: 264.83 ± 3.06 beats per minute; P-R interval: 0.064 ± 0.0001 msec; Q-T interval: 0.068 ± 0.0003 msec; R wave amplitude: 0.24 ± 0.004 mV), indicative of cardiotoxicity and significantly reduced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, elevated cardiac malondialdehyde levels and decreased glutathione levels. The histopathological examination provided evidence indicating a potential cardioprotective effect, as it revealed a decrease in the severity of cellular damage within the myocardium. These findings suggest the potential therapeutic utility of C. carandas L in managing chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity, highlighting its significance in improving the quality of life and treatment outcomes for cancer patients.
Targeting SLC7A11-mediated cysteine metabolism for the treatment of trastuzumab resistant HER2 positive breast cancer
Authors: Hua Yijia , Duan Ningjun , Sun Chunxiao , Yang Fan , Tian Min , Sun Yanting , Zhao Shuhan , Gong Jue , Liu Qian , Huang Xiang , Liang Yan , Fu Ziyi , Li Wei , Yin Yongmei
Published: February 2025

Trastuzumab resistance remains a challenge for HER2 positive breast cancer treatment. Targeting metabolic reprogramming would provide novel insights for therapeutic strategies. Here, we integrated metabolomics, transcriptomics and epigenomics data of trastuzumab sensitive and primary resistant HER2 positive breast cancer to identify metabolic alterations. Aberrant cysteine metabolism was discovered in trastuzumab primary resistant breast cancer at both circulating and intracellular levels. The inhibition of SLC7A11 and cysteine starvation could synergize with trastuzumab to induce ferroptosis. Mechanistically, increased H3K4me3 and decreased DNA methylation enhanced SLC7A11 transcription and cystine uptake in trastuzumab resistant breast cancer. The regulation of epigenetic modifications modulated cysteine metabolism and ferroptosis sensitivity. These results revealed an innovative approach for overcoming trastuzumab resistance by targeting specific amino acid metabolism.
Serial ‘deep-sampling’ PCR of fragmented DNA reveals the wide range of Trypanosoma cruzi burden among chronically infected hosts and allows accurate monitoring of parasite load following treatment
Authors: White Brooke E , Hodo Carolyn L , Hamer Sarah A , Saunders Ashley B , Laucella Susana A , Hall Daniel B , Tarleton Rick L
Published: February 2025

Infection with the protozoan parasite
Trypanosoma cruzi
is generally well-controlled by host immune responses, but appears to be rarely eliminated. The resulting persistent, low-level infection results in cumulative tissue damage with the greatest impact generally in the heart in the form of chagasic cardiomyopathy. The relative success in immune control of
T. cruzi
infection usually averts acute phase death but has the negative consequence that the low-level presence of
T. cruzi
in hosts is challenging to detect unequivocally. Thus, it is difficult to identify those who are actively infected and, as well, problematic to gauge the impact of treatment, particularly in the evaluation of the relative efficacy of new drugs. In this study we employ DNA fragmentation and high numbers of replicate PCR reaction (‘deep-sampling’) to extend the quantitative range of detecting
T. cruzi
in blood by at least 3 orders of magnitude relative to current protocols. When combined with sampling blood at multiple time points, deep sampling of fragmented DNA allowed for detection of
T. cruzi
in all infected hosts in multiple host species. In addition, we provide evidence for a number of characteristics not previously rigorously quantified in the population of hosts with naturally acquired
T. cruzi
infection, including, a > 6-log variation between chronically infected individuals in the stable parasite levels, a continuing decline in parasite load during the second and third years of infection in some hosts, and the potential for parasite load to change dramatically when health conditions change. Although requiring strict adherence to contamination-prevention protocols and significant resources, deep-sampling PCR provides an important new tool for assessing new therapies and for addressing long-standing questions in
T. cruzi
infection and Chagas disease.
Transcriptional antitermination integrates the expression of loci of diverse phage origin in the chimeric Bartonella Gene Transfer Agent BaGTA
Authors: Korotaev Aleksandr , Niggli Quirin , Dehio Christoph
Published: February 2025

Gene Transfer Agents (GTAs) are mobile genetic elements derived from bacteriophages that mediate genome-wide horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in diverse groups of prokaryotes. BaGTA, encoded by all the pathogens of the genus
Bartonella
, is a chimeric GTA that evolved by the domestication of two phages. The run-off-replication module ROR of one phage is integrated with the capsid production, DNA packaging and lysis machinery Bgt of a second phage. Restricted to a self-sacrifying subset of the bacterial population, the position-specific DNA amplification and packaging of a genomic plasticity region enriched for genes involved in host interaction and adaptation selectively enhances the HGT frequency of these pathogenicity genes. This feature of BaGTA is considered a key innovation underlying the evolutionary success of
Bartonella
. Little is known, however, about the mechanism mediating the coordinated expression of the
ror
and
bgt
loci. Here, we established the regulatory hierarchy, with
ror
acting upstream of the capsid gene cluster
bgtA-K
. BrrG, encoded by the
ror
locus, controls the transcription of the
bgtA-K
operon by functioning as a processive antiterminator. This study provides the first insights into the mechanism controlling the coordinated expression of the two BaGTA modules of divergent phage origin. Beyond BaGTA, we propose that antitermination is a broadly relevant mechanism for controlling HGT by GTAs of the Alphaproteobacteria.