bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlation analysis of serum levels of H19 and CRP levels and ulcerative colitis
Authors: Wang Aihua , Jiang Yongkang
Published: December 2022

Background: To elucidate clinical applications of detecting serum levels of H19 and CRP in predicting the severity of ulcerative colitis (UC). Methods: Two hundred UC patients were recruited, and classified to mild/moderate group and severe group according to the Truelove-Witts grading system. Serum levels of H19 and CRP in UC patients were detected by turbidimetric inhibition immuno assay and qRT-PCR. Differences in serum levels of H19 and CRP between mild/moderate group and severe group were analyzed. By plotting ROC curves, the diagnostic potentials of H19 and CRP in UC were evaluated. Kappa conformance test was conducted to validate the conformance of detecting serum levels of H19 and CRP to clinical diagnosis of UC. Results: Serum levels of H19 and CRP were higher in UC patients of severe group than those of mild/moderate group. Their levels were both positively correlated to the severity of UC. High sensitivity (83.3%) and specificity (80.0%), as well as the maximum Youden index (0.633) were obtained at the cut-off value for H19 level of 2.755, and AUC was 0.8835. Meanwhile, Kappa coefficient (k) was 0.760 at the cut-off value for H19 level of 2.755, showing a high conformance to clinical diagnosis of UC. In addition, acceptable sensitivity (68.49%) and high specificity (85.83%), as well as the maximum Youden index (0.543) were obtained at the cut-off value for CRP level of 6.390 mg/L, and AUC was 0.8018. k was 0.435, showing an acceptable conformance to clinical diagnosis of UC based on serum level of CRP. Conclusions: Serum levels of H19 and CRP increase with the deterioration of UC. Detecting their serum levels has a consistent result to clinical diagnosis of UC, with a superior performance of H19 than that of CRP.
Bayesian tests of two proportions: A tutorial with R and JASP
Authors: Hoffmann Tabea , Hofman Abe , Wagenmakers Eric-Jan
Published: December 2022

The need for a comparison between two proportions (sometimes called an A/B test) often arises in business, psychology, and the analysis of clinical trial data. Here we discuss two Bayesian A/B tests that allow users to monitor the uncertainty about a difference in two proportions as data accumulate over time. We emphasize the advantage of assigning a dependent prior distribution to the proportions (i.e., assigning a prior to the log odds ratio). This dependent-prior approach has been implemented in the open-source statistical software programs R and JASP. Several examples demonstrate how JASP can be used to apply this Bayesian test and interpret the results.
Creating a Census County Assessment Tool for Visualizing Census Data
Authors: Youngs Isabel , Prevost Ronald , Dick Christopher
Published: December 2022

The 2020 Census County Assessment Tool was developed to assist decennial census data users in identifying deviations between expected census counts and the released counts across population and housing indicators. The tool also offers contextual data for each county on factors which could have contributed to census collection issues, such as self-response rates and COVID-19 infection rates. The tool compiles this information into a downloadable report and includes additional local data sources relevant to the data collection process and experts to seek more assistance.
Mexican Hometown Associations in the U.S.
Authors: Trans Lars Ove
Published: December 2022

Most of the literature on Mexican hometown associations (HTAs) hasfocused on their role as development agents and often emphasized therapprochement carried out by the Mexican state in order to attractremittances. Although the Mexican state plays an important part in theproliferation of HTAs in the United States, the reasons for migrantinvolvement in HTAs are often left unexplored and typicallyexplained as a result of ‘emotional attachments’. This article,however, taking a Weberian approach, argues that it is important toconsider a wider range of motives of the individual migrants fortransnational engagement such as involvement in HTAs andhometown development. The article is based on ethnographicfieldwork carried out among migrants from the state of Oaxaca,Mexico, living in Los Angeles, California.
Desarrollo turístico en comunidades norteamericanas en México
Authors: Clausen Helene Balslev , García Mario Alberto Velázquez
Published: December 2022

The article analyses how a group of North American immigrants in a Mexicancity close to the Mexican/US border influences the development of tourism inthe region. We propose a new concept intimate experience economy to showhow the North American group creates a type of tourism as a form of socialactivity that permits the tourists to be part of and in contact with scenes,spaces and landscapes far away from their own every day experiences. Thearticle concludes that this way the immigrant group creates the possibility toemphasize certain aspects of the Mexican culture as they believe characterizeMéxico.
El escenario turístico en Puerto Peñasco
Authors: Acosta Jesus Angel Enríquez
Published: December 2022

Sun and beach tourism is an important economic activity in Mexico. In recentyears, Rocky Point in the State of Sonora has become one of the largestresorts in the Northwest of Mexico. This importance has a huge impact on thecity and its inhabitants. Tourism changed the natural landscape, made the citygrow, and brought new urban problems. The article analyses the developmentof the urban image that seems to be similar to the main tourist destinations inother parts of the world.
O próprio e o alheio em el delirio de turing
Authors: Londero Rodolfo Rorato
Published: December 2022

The objective of this paper is to analyze the novel El delirio deTuring (2003), by Bolivian writer Edmundo Paz Soldán, mainly in itrelationship with the cyberpunk fiction, subgenre of science fiction appearedoriginally in the North American context of 1980's. This relationship appears,at once, in the epigraphs of the work, where a cyberpunk writer (NealStephenson) is quoted: actually, this writer's two works, Snow Crash (1992)and Cryptonomicon (1999), appear as intertexts in El delirio de Turing. ButPaz Soldán, as member of McOndo generation – a globalizated parody ofGarcía Márquez's Macondo –, also maintain an intense dialogue with theirLatin-American antecedents, the writers of magic realism. It is in thatcollision between the own and the alien (Carvalhal), between Latin and NorthAmerican literary references, that we will understand Paz Soldán's work.
Dos grandes tendencias políticas en América latina
Authors: Alcazar Alfredo Crespo
Published: December 2022

Two Great Tendencies in Latin America: Democratic Strengthening Versus Slowdown of Populism The recent electoral processes in Latin America (Chile, Uruguay and Colombia) have shown that the Populists-chavistas manoeuvres to consolidate and extend their influence in the region have failed. Alternation (Chile) and continuism (Uruguay and Colombia) have characterized these elections. The conclusion is that the institutional system of these countries has been fortified. The result is that the processes of institutional consolidation characterize a part of the Latin American region. Consequently, the Populist project seems to have been relegated to five great countries (Venezuela, Ecuador, Nicaragua, Bolivia and Cuba). This tendency has motivated the Venezuelan government, as the main exponent of the populist model, to try to extend its horizons, having established a complex framework of external relations with political regimes with which it does not share characteristics in form but in thinking.
(Neo)populismo Argentino desde el discurso Kirchnerista.
Authors: Lieberman Alejandro
Published: December 2022

This paper analyzes the formation of the (neo)-populist process under the aegis of the Kirchner government in Argentine, paying special attention to the discourse produced in the last seven years. This movement is a sort of contemporary expression of the mass populism that had Juan Domingo Peron as the major figure. From this perspective, the (neo)-populism in Argentina represents a deployment of the concept of pluralistic and popular democracy in the sense that the general will exercised and expressed in the elections is interpreted by the government in a peculiar way. This (neo)-populism involves programmatic actions of pressure and alienation of intitutions, concentration of power in the hands of a leader and the application of the conspiracy theory both through the rethoric of false dilemmas and the demagogic rethoric, both used concurrently to carry out government policies and actions.
El Gaucho y el Comerciante. Dos modelos político-económico-sociales de los primeros tiempos de la independencia latinoamericana
Authors: Chalupa Jirí
Published: December 2022

The article analyzes the bases and results of Rosas´ regime in Argentina andPortales’ political system in Chile. The author compares and evaluates the Chileanand Argentinian solution to the chaotic situation that occurred after the expulsion ofthe Spaniards from Latin America. It seems that the two apparently very differentregimes of Argentine dictator Juan Manuel de Rosas and the Chilean statesmanDiego Portales hide a surprising number of similar or even identical elements.
O sertão inventado
Authors: Dos Santos Raimundo Lima
Published: December 2022

This text mentions the construction of a look at the sertões Maranhão, establishedby the Portuguese military Francisco de Paula Ribeiro on the threshold of thenineteenth century. Cutting the work done in Portuguese, the installation of RoyalFarms and demarcation of the borderline between the captaincies Maranhão andGoiás, Paula Ribeiro traveled throughout the hinterland and reported through hismemoirs written, geographical aspects, economic and cultural region. This set ofprints made during the first two decades of the century, is here cognominado of"creating perceptions." Are creating at the time the main intellectuals who wroteabout the sertões in the first half of the twentieth century kept part of theimpressions ribeirianas, corroborating to fix images in the recovery geographical,demonstration of abandonment and loss of indigenous human element in favor ofcattlemen.
Los intelectuales en los intersticios de la política (Brasil, 1940-45)
Authors: De Melo Ana Amélia de Moura Cavalcante
Published: December 2022

Since the 1920 literature in Brazil was designed by a group of intellectuals as acommitment to cultural life of the country. Mario de Andrade and São Paulo's modernistinfluence the formation of the writers on that commitment in the years 30 and 40 aregeneralized. The literature that is written in this period central theme is the social andpolitical drama, very similar to the sociological and historical essays. This article seeksto reflect on such Brazilian intellectuals organize and act through the BrazilianAssociation of Writers. Try to understand how they perceive the national reality, whichare developed and analyzes how they think their role in society
El turismo. Aproximación general
Authors: Clausen Helene Balslev , Velázquez Mario Alberto
Published: December 2022

El turismo. Aproximación general
La formulación de las políticas públicas de turismo en México. El caso del programa federal “Pueblos Mágicos” 2001-2012
Authors: García Mario Alberto Velázquez
Published: December 2022

This article analyzes the consequences of public policies that are developed based onsocially constructed definitions of the different actors. I will focus on the nationalMexican Tourism program “Magic Villages” to explore the role and impact that publicpolicy might have on shaping the national Mexican identity. I argue that tourism is notonly to be understood as an economic factor, but also as significant symbolic space ofinteractions in the contemporary societies.
Lo efímero y la ciudad turística. A propósito de los haceres y lugares del turismo en el espacio urbano
Authors: Aragón Milton
Published: December 2022

The article explores the possibility of being tourists as the locals, and lives theeveryday life of the locals in a city. The ephemeral plays an important role. The pointof departure is the tourists their dreams embedded in the tourist places. The articleanalyses how the tourist sites operate.
Prefacio
Authors: Fernández Susana S. , Pozzo María Isabel
Published: December 2022

Prefacio
Construyendo estrategias para una escritura autónoma en ELE
Authors: Quiroga Ingrid Viñas
Published: December 2022

En este artículo ofrecemos una propuesta de enseñanza de la escritura9 basadaen un enfoque sociocognitivo procesual e interactivo. Se parte de los modelosclásicos de Flower (1981), Flower y Hayes (1980, 1984) y Bereiter yScardamalia (1987) complementados con el último de Hayes (2000). Estaconcepción busca integrar los tres problemas más significativos de una teoría dela producción de textos: el procesamiento cognitivo del individuo y sus metas,emociones, motivaciones, creencias; los recursos textuales y lingüísticos(conocimiento previo del tema de escritura y restricciones lingüísticas, de género,entre otros) y los factores contextuales (entorno de la tarea, contextocomunicativo y audiencia). El enfoque procesual cognitivo se apoya en estosprincipios: a) los procesos de escritura son interactivos –procesamiento enparalelo en muchos niveles– y potencialmente simultáneos –por oposición aseriales–; b) la escritura es una actividad guiada por metas y c) los escritoresexpertos escriben en forma diferente a los novatos.Una mirada sociocognitiva de la producción escrita propone integrar a laconcepción cognitiva que da cuenta de los procesos mentales e individuales de unescritor, la consideración de la cultura y de los contextos específicos en laproducción de un texto, esto es, cómo los escritores construyen significado en uncontexto determinado y qué estrategias utilizan para resolver los problemas a loscuales se ven enfrentados. Presentamos una propuesta estructurada de secuenciasdidácticas en la que progresivamente se pasa de un trabajo con activaparticipación del docente a un trabajo colaborativo entre pares, para finalmentellegar a la escritura y revisión individual. El objetivo es que el estudiante logreautonomía, desarrolle criterios para escribir correcta y adecuadamente, adquieracapacidad crítica para juzgar sus escritos y pueda transferir lo aprendido a otrassituaciones. Partimos de experiencias personales llevadas a cabo en programas deELE dependientes de la Prosecretaría de Relaciones Internacionales de laUniversidad Nacional de Córdoba.
Diseño de materiales
Authors: Seguí Elisa Verónica , Valles Verónica
Published: December 2022

Tanto cuando se enseña como cuando se aprende una lengua extranjera seestablece una comunicación intercultural. Por ello, el MCER (Consejo de Europa,2001) como el Plan Curricular del Instituto Cervantes (I. Cervantes, 2008)establecen que tanto la práctica en clase cuanto los materiales de estudio no solodeben tener por objetivo el desarrollo de la competencia lingüística de losestudiantes sino también el de su competencia intercultural, es decir, saber haceren la cultura nativa y en la ajena, tener una serie de habilidades que permitandesenvolverse satisfactoriamente en situaciones de comunicación intercultural.Para alcanzar una competencia intercultural es necesaria la asociación de losámbitos cognitivo y emotivo. En relación con el primero podemos afirmar, juntocon Rodrigo Alsina, que ‘para establecer una comunicación intercultural hacefalta un mínimo de conocimiento’ (Alsina, 1997). Indudablemente, mientras másse conoce a la otra cultura, mejor puede desarrollarse la competencia interculturaly se es más capaz de superar estereotipos, que son simplificaciones de la realidady que surgen cuando se desconoce la cultura extranjera para buscar explicacionessocialmente aceptables, pero generalmente falsas.
El CILES (Certificado internacional de lengua española)
Authors: Bosio Iris , De Anglat Hilda Difabio , Ginevra Gloria , Sacerdote Carolina
Published: December 2022

En la actualidad, convive en el mundo hispanohablante un número importantede certificaciones de ELSE (Español como lengua segunda y extranjera), como elCELU (Certificado de Español Lengua en Uso), el DELE (Diploma de Españolcomo Lengua Extranjera), el EPLE (Examen de Posesión de la Lengua Española)y el CILES (Certificado Internacional de Lengua Española), entre otros. El IIICongreso Internacional de la Lengua Española, celebrado en Rosario (Argentina)en noviembre de 2004, marcó el inicio de acciones tendientes a evitar ladispersión y el solapamiento de esfuerzos en el ámbito de la certificación enELE. Una de estas acciones fue la creación del SICELE (Sistema Internacionalde Certificación de Español como Lengua Extranjera), conformado porinstituciones educativas entre las que se encuentran, por una parte, asociacionesde universidades y de rectores universitarios (como la Asociación Colombiana deUniversidades –ASCUN– y la Asociación Venezolana de Rectores Universitarios–AVERU–); y por otra parte, instituciones a título individual (como el InstitutoCervantes y la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso o la UniversidadNacional de Rosario). El I Seminario Internacional de SICELE, realizado enMendoza, Argentina, el 24 de noviembre de 2010, da cuenta de la importanciaque ha adquirido la certificación de ELSE en el mundo hispanohablante y de suproyección.
Español estándar y variedad lingüística en el ámbito del léxico en los exámenes DELE
Authors: Botero Isabel Guzmán
Published: December 2022

La enseñanza de segundas lenguas y lenguas extranjeras es un asunto quepuede ser abordado desde una gran variedad de perspectivas; áreas diversas comola lingüística aplicada, la lingüística comparada, la dialectología, lasociolingüística y la didáctica de la enseñanza de lenguas, confluyen paraoptimizar la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de una segunda lengua (L2) o de unalengua extranjera (LE)46 (Ávila, 2005: 720).De acuerdo con Andión (2008a) en el siglo XXI la lengua española seenfrenta a la conquista de un lugar privilegiado como segunda lengua del mundocon sus más de 450 millones de hablantes y a estas cifras acompañan una enormeextensión geográfica y gran vitalidad cultural, pero también –y comoconsecuencia de ello– una manifiesta diversidad lingüística. Así pues, el españolL2/LE ha tomado fuerza a nivel mundial y, siendo la segunda lengua máshablada en el mundo, suscita cada vez mayor interés tanto por parte deaprendices como de instituciones dedicadas a la enseñanza de lenguas (Caffarel,2009: 7; Andión, 2008a; Gómez, 2003: 82).
La competencia intercultural como objetivo en la clase de ELE
Authors: FERNÁNDEZ SUSANA S. , POZZO MARÍA ISABEL
Published: December 2022

El presente capítulo tiene por objeto delimitar el concepto de competencia intercultural y su lugar en la clase de ELE desde la perspectiva del docente. Luego de una delimitación terminológica y un repaso teórico del concepto de interculturalidad, destacaremos los ideales, las formas de trabajo y las dificultades expresadas por docentes de ELE. La recolección de datos se llevó a cabo a través de una encuesta implementada en el contexto de las IV Jornadas y III Congreso Internacional de Enseñanza de Español como Lengua Extranjera, evento realizado en Rosario, Argentina, durante marzo de 2013. Las reflexiones de docentes de distintos países del mundo dan cuenta de la dificultad de llevar a la práctica los ideales de enseñanza intercultural a la que todos aspiran. Los resultados obtenidos hacen patente la necesidad de trabajos como los incluidos en esta antología, que intentan aportar soluciones a dilemas tales como la integración de la interculturalidad en otros aspectos de la enseñanza (sección 3 de este libro), la evaluación del componente intercultural (sección 4) o su relación con el objetivo de la autonomía del aprendiz (sección 2). En las últimas décadas, la concepción acerca de lo que comprende la enseñanza y aprendizaje de una lengua extranjera se ha ido ampliando y diversificando con respecto a la tradicional sobreestimación del papel de la gramática. En tal sentido, es ya generalizada la aceptación de una clase que incluya a su vez el componente cultural y la reflexión acerca del mismo, meta que ha sido sintetizada en la expresión “competencia intercultural”. Lo que no logra aún total acuerdo es la forma de implementar dicha perspectiva en función de condicionantes institucionales, didácticos (de los recursos disponibles y de las capacidades docentes) y psicológicos (ideas y creencias de los profesores, expectativas de los alumnos y otros integrantes de la comunidad académica). Entre estos últimos, el presente trabajo se aboca a la competencia intercultural como objetivo de la clase de español como lengua segunda y extranjera desde la perspectiva del profesor. De esta consideración se desprende el lugar de las actividades y el de la evaluación.
As Time Goes By
Authors: Winther Marianne Søndergaard
Published: December 2022

Contrary to popular belief, the current financial crisis has not made theundocumented immigrants residing in the United States leave the country.Accordingly, it continues to be of scholarly interest to investigate how life evolvesfor these almost 11 million immigrants of predominantly Latin American origin.Focusing mainly on women from Mexico and Central America, this article showsthat not only physical but also social immobility is a predominant feature ofundocumented, migrant women’s everyday life in the United States. Based onanthropological fieldwork in California and drawing on the work of PierreBourdieu, this article focuses on the way time is experienced by undocumentedimmigrants as they struggle to obtain social mobility while dealing with theconsequences of their illegal status.
Representaciones y beneficencia. Mujeres alemanas y judías en Argentina, siglo XX
Authors: De Chervonagura Elisa Cohen , Lupprich Edith
Published: December 2022

Recently, historical and migration studies have started to pick up the multiple contributionsof native and immigrant women to the construction of the Argentinian nation, especially bytheir participation in welfare, political and union associations. In this paper, we look intotwo groups of women, Jewish and German women in Argentina. We focus on three textsabout German immigration to Argentina, with the aim to find out which is the discursiverepresentation of women in these texts, which properties and activities are predicated aboutthem, and to which extend they appear with independence of other (male) family members.We detect that two texts support a 'traditional' representation, where women stay in thebackground and have hardly any function with independence of their husbands or teachers.The third text partly presents the same traits, whereas in other opportunities it highlightsfemale achievements.
Status Jurídico-Constitucional de las Lenguas Indígenas en América Latina
Authors: Irarrázabal César Cisternas
Published: December 2022

The constitution is the fundamental norm that rules the modern Nation-States.Consequently, what it is stipulated in it gives an idea of the relevance that the incorporated(or not incorporated) elements have to the State. The present research analyses the juridicalconstitutionalstatus of the indigenous languages in the countries of Latin America, fromthe perspective of the sociology of language. The method chosen is the content analysis ofthe constitutional articles referring to language and the nature of the Nation-State. It hasbeen found that only seven countries (mainly from the Andean region of SouthernAmerica) have declared official the vernacular languages, which implies that a 60.5% of theindigenous people from the subcontinent dwells in countries in which it has not been giventhat character to their ancestral languages.
Theatre, Gender Diversity and Border Pedagogy
Authors: Vargas Vagner de Souza , Bussoletti Denise Marcos
Published: December 2022

The way as society deals, understands and treats gender diversity affects drastically therelationships for people who are identified as transgender, transsexual, as well as thoseidentified as gender fluid or non-binary gender. Our group from a university in southernBrazil develops several activities seeking dialogue with different social groups, bringingdiversity as an issue for debates, actions and thoughts. Through interventions, artisticpresentations and educational activities, we promote debates and reflection, and encouragethe understanding of and respect for diversity in society. The aim of this article is todescribe a project about theatre playwriting addressing diversity as the central theme.Furthermore, we explain how these actions are guided in our proposals for a BorderPedagogy and Aesthetics of Ginga. Dealing with these issues in our local society, theplaywritings were fundamental for unveiling these people and stimulating their self-esteemby showing their stories as nobody else had done before.
Modernidades americanas
Authors: Rodríguez Gabriel Alemán
Published: December 2022

This article addressed, in a general way, the figure of the intellectual in theLatin-American modernity and the role that they played from theindependence revolutions, through the formation of the national States, untilthe first decades of the twentieth century. I am interested in explaining abouttheir formations, discussions, concerns and vicissitudes, and how these wereshared by their Western counterparts, but with some particularities thatdistinguish them from the latter. From that perspective, I propose to link theintellectual trends in Latin-America with which dominated in the Caribbeanto leave established their common places and their differences. Emphasis isplaced on the widespread concern that lettered has in matters such as thenation, identity and the crisis, especially at the beginning of the twentiethcentury.
What is left of the protests?
Authors: Pischetola Magda
Published: December 2022

Over the past few years, new forms of socialization of politics throughsocial media have found expression in collective mobilizations. The paperexamines the case of the recent uprisings in Brazil. It presents the results ofa qualitative research carried out between June 2013 and June 2015, withfocus on the actors involved, their reasons to participate, as well as thecontinuity of their action. Three research tools were used in the study: socialmedia mapping, an online survey and interviews with activists. The findingsgive credit to the existence of a connective logic on the social networks, asthey illustrate that what attracted the masses in June 2013 was mainly the‘event of a protest’. Nevertheless, political engagement was found toincrease in smaller circles, among groups of youth who got involved duringthe uprisings, and are motivated by the idea of a political resistance up topresent days.
‘The Intellectual as Transgressor’
Authors: Streck Danilo R.
Published: December 2022

The article analyses the contribution of Richard Shaull (1919-2002), a protestant North American theologian and a pioneer of Theology of Liberation, to Latin American pedagogical thinking. As a missionary in Colombia and Brazil, between 1942 and 1962, he was profoundly touched by Latin American reality and, at the same time, left important imprints on a generation of young people and since then maintained a dialogue with intellectuals that are a reference in Latin American pedagogy: Orlando Fals Borda (1925-2008), Paulo Freire (1921-1996) and Rubem Alves (1933-2014). Places will be presented where the biographies of these four intellectuals meet, as well as marks of transgression of their thinking regarding knowledge and vision of society.
Notas para un abordaje de la literatura policial argentina desde una perspectiva de la sociología de la cultura
Authors: Maltz Hernán
Published: December 2022

En el presente escrito pretendemos exponer algunos núcleos de ideas en miras aconceptualizar una historia de la literatura policial argentina que no se base solamente en unasucesión de ficciones. Partimos de la idea de que dicha historia incluye una historia de lostextos pero se trata, también, de una historia de traducciones, editoriales, ediciones,colecciones, premios, concursos, grupos, formaciones, lectores, etcétera. De este modo,además de comentar trabajos específicos sobre literatura policial que apuntan en estadirección, consideramos pertinente incorporar un marco de conceptualizaciones cercano a laselaboraciones de Pierre Bourdieu y Howard Becker, a fin de elaborar algunas pautas que unahistoria de la literatura policial argentina no debería soslayar.
Apresentação
Authors: R. Ioris Antônio A. , Neto Vitale Joanoni
Published: December 2022

Apresentação
Políticas públicas de enfrentamento da violência contra mulheres no Brasil
Authors: Klanovicz Luciana Rosar Fornazari , Pienegonda Fernanda
Published: December 2022

Busca-se apresentar a trajetória destas políticas públicas de combate à violência contra mulheres no Brasil, com ênfase na sua efetivação na realidade local de Guarapuava, no estado do Paraná. Busca-se analisar de que maneira as políticas públicas de enfrentamento a essa violência tem sido efetivadas, a partir de documentos legais e de organizações sociais locais e nacionais.
The autonomy dilemma
Authors: Schubmann Lena
Published: December 2022

This paper explores the emergence of conflict between the Miskito and the Nicaraguan Sandinista government in the early years after the overthrow of the Somoza dictatorship. Outlining the polarisation of the debate in the late 1980s between supporters and opponents of the Sandinistas and their views of its revolutionary project and noting the lack of agency attributed to the Miskito themselves in these arguments, the article rejects arguments centred around race or ideology as an explanation for the conflict. Instead, use is made of Kate Crehan’s development of Gramscian analysis to explore the contrasting meanings ascribed to notions of territoriality and autonomy in public statements by Miskito and Sandinista leadership in the early 1980s.
La imagen, lo real y lo ficcional
Authors: Gustafsson Jan
Published: December 2022

The aim of this article is to study the complex relation between photography and narrative fiction in relation to the use of the former in novels or short stories. As a first hypothesis, I claim that the photographic medium is completely different from other sign-forms or representational vehicles. It is so, due to the consequences of the basic photographic technique: it is, by force, a representation of the “real” and, contrary to most other representations, it “freezes” its object in time. Due to this, the photographic media is directly opposed to narrative fiction, which is, probably, a main reason for the relatively scarce use of photography in narrative literature. However, I suggest that exactly these oppositional features may add a tension to the verbal fiction text and create a metafictional level very attractive for contemporary narrative. These reflections are followed by a discussion of the use of photography in three twenieth-century authors.
Evolución de la relación entre texto e imagen en la poesía chilena
Authors: Cifuentes-Aldunate Claudio
Published: December 2022

The present reflection focuses on the phenomenon of writing and image. It is an evolutionary revision within the Chilean poetry from the moment in which the non-scriptural image made its appearance through the calligrams of Vicente Huidobro to later give way to the artifacts of Nicanor Parra arriving, finally, at the Installations of objects in “box-books” by Juan Luis Martínez. The present study addresses the type of relationship that evolves between image and text from the image “within” the text, passing through the text ‘within’ the image and, finally, arriving at/to/until the object-image. The “absent” text, which gives it meaning, arises as a responsibility of the reader. The reflection addresses the rejection of “pure writing” as an element that eradicates these texts from the metaphysics of the presence of logos, especially in the first two cases (Huidobro and Parra), while there would seem to be an ambiguity in Martínez, insofar as he is not giving all the elements necessary (for the reader) to construct the sense. Martinez encourages the reader to take charge of giving meaning to the elements that he provides (antilogocentric gesture), and, at the same time, he delivers the elements in his “box-books” which are impregnated with a beloved “authenticity”(hyperlogocentric gesture). This is why it is possible to speak of ambiguity.
Fair trade and sustainable development practices
Authors: Andersson Vibeke
Published: December 2022

There is consumer interest in organic and fair trade products globally. This has created a growing interest for producing agricultural products, which meet the standards for organic and fair trade products. This paper critically discusses fair trade as notion and in practice and connects the analysis of production of fair trade quinoa in a community in Southern Bolivia with Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). According to World Fair Trade Organization fair trade will improve environmental sustainability both at local level and globally as peasants in global South have opportunities to export organic products to markets in the global North, which will also have the result of empowering producers. This paper poses the question whether fair trade is alleviating poverty and supporting local producers creating environmentally sound technologies (Sustainable Development Goal 12, Target 12a) – in this case in communities in the highlands (Altiplano) in Southern Bolivia. The paper critically discusses sustainable development and the Sustainable Development Goals and questions whose interests Sustainable Development Goal 12 is primarily serving: consumers or producers. The discussion concludes that initiatives like fair trade and policies based on global goals can have unintended consequences, which are disadvantageous to local communities.
Reflexões decoloniais sobre conhecimento e educação a partir do diálogo em Paulo Freire
Authors: Ribeiro Débora , Melo Alessandro de
Published: December 2022

O objetivo deste texto é apresentar algumas contribuições de Paulo Freire para a construção de uma educação decolonial, com foco em sua concepção do diálogo como fundacional da prática educativa. Oposta à educação de tipo bancária, a proposta de Freire converge com uma concepção decolonial de conhecimento e de ruptura com as estruturas coloniais e eurocêntricas também presentes na educação. Diante disso, trazemos algumas reflexões sobre o conhecimento moderno-ocidental, eurocêntrico e colonial, assim como as contribuições freireanas centradas no diálogo como forma de construir outros conhecimentos e sociabilidades, inclusive em sala de aula. Assim, uma pedagogia decolonial centra-se em uma educação não bancária, e, portanto, uma educação baseada no diálogo de saberes, de convivências epistemológicas e ontológicas, com um currículo aberto para saberes outros não eurocêntricos, para sujeitos outros.
Cuba’s casas particulares: an analysis of informality, social capital, entrepreneurship and sustainability
Authors: Ditlefsen Sune , Hamilton Stephanie , Meaker Elyse Nightingale
Published: December 2022

As part of the growing tourism industry in Cuba, staying in a private person’s home as a tourist, in what is known as casas particulares, has become increasingly popular. This paper utilizes qualitative, short-term ethnographic methods to research casas particulares (also referred to as casas) and the conditions they operate under. Networks, social capital and collectivism play an important role in the running of casas. These are affected by the entrepreneurial climate, which is unique in Cuba. Likewise, informality is a key element in the running and development of casas. To this, we conclude that the informal economy fills the gaps where formalized resources are not available. Yet, these types of transactions and exchanges are not included in most government strategies. Further, in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), informality is seen as a transition-based development step. We urge governments to be more inclusive in their strategies and consider the opportunities informality can provide under certain circumstances.
Informalidad y heterogeneidad social: eficiencia y cooperación en comunidades y sociedades
Authors: Millán Valenzuela Henio
Published: December 2022

La informalidad es la forma en que las sociedades heterogéneas producen equilibrios entre actores sociales modernos y premodernos. Estos se expresan en una institucionalidad blanda y negociable, que debilita las capacidades del Estado para resolver los problemas de cohesión social y de bienestar asociados con la modernidad y el mercado libre y competitivo. Sin embargo, la informalidad y los equilibrios son necesarios para gestar y administrar el orden y la gobernabilidad, principales preocupaciones de las estructuras del poder. En consecuencia, se ven obligadas a mantener esos equilibrios y a perpetuar la informalidad y la heterogeneidad social.
Memória, imaginário e subjetividade: notas a uma categoria estética à rememoração da história de horror brasileira
Authors: Cardoso Fernando da Silva , Gomes Graciele Maria Coelho de Andrade , Carvalho Mário de Faria
Published: December 2022

This study discusses the theoretical-analytical concept “aesthetic memory”. We argue for the relevance of this concept for the field of memory studies as a possible tool for the reconstruction of human rights violations. We analyze sensitive elements of remembrance of violence that occurred during the Brazilian civil-military dictatorship present in works by the plastic artist from Pernambuco Abelardo da Hora. Abelardo da Hora’s artistic production uses image regimes, symbols, archetypes and schèmes that, based on mystical and imagistic elements, invoke the horror and the state of exception of the military dictatorship in Brazil. We conclude that concept aesthetic memory can contribute to the analysis of the subjectivity of subject-victims in the construction of collective memories about the recent past of serious violations of human rights.
Uma grande agroaceleração por procuração: a Japan International Cooperation Agency na América do Sul
Authors: Klanovicz Jó
Published: December 2022

Discuto a atuação da Japan International Cooperation Agency (Jica) na construção de uma grande agroaceleração japonesa na América do Sul, na segunda metade do século XX. Para isso, uso algumas fontes primárias e secundárias ligadas à agência, tecendo uma análise documental. Para descrever grande parte dessa atuação, apresento dois processos de cooperação tecidos pela Jica na América do Sul, com ênfase no Brasil: o desenvolvimento da sojicultura no Cerrado e da fruticultura de clima temperado na Mata Atlântica. Percebe-se que projetos de larga escala ligados à agricultura em países como Brasil reforçam o papel da Jica na grande aceleração do uso de recursos e da produção de alimentos perfazendo uma história global de circulação de peritos, de dinheiro e de variedades agrícolas da segunda metade do século XX.
Interruptoras: asepsia digital y tecnopoéticas responsables en las escritoras hispánicas
Authors: Sánchez-Aparicio Vega
Published: December 2022

Partiendo de una perspectiva que asume la materialidad digital en los textos impresos, este trabajo se plantea tres preguntas básicas: ¿cómo se articula un lenguaje feminista desde la ‘masculinidad abstracta’ (Hartsock) de los algoritmos? ¿Puede el software ser feminista? ¿Puede conmoverse la materialidad del código? En el presente artículo se revisarán prácticas de escritura en español producidas por mujeres, concretamente los trabajos Cristina Rivera Garza (Tamaulipas, 1964), María Ángeles Pérez López (Valladolid, 1967) y Verónica Gerber Bicecci (Ciudad de México, 1981), que han desarrollado un discurso ético, a través de una estética disidente con la retórica del software, para visibilizar y, por consiguiente, subvertir hegemonías, roles y estereotipos de género aún persistentes en la cultura contemporánea.
Estética de la obsolescencia: escritura y cultura digital. Sobre “Recuerdos de un computador personal” de Alejandro Zambra
Authors: González Rodrigo
Published: December 2022

Este trabajo analiza el cuento “Recuerdos de un computador personal” del escritor chileno Alejandro Zambra (Mis documentos, 2013) para evidenciar cómo la irrupción de lo digital en lo doméstico re/des-configura las relaciones interpersonales y promueve una imbricación entre la subjetividad del usuario digital y la del escritor analógico. A partir de una representación nostálgica de la cultura digital del 2000, el cuento presenta a Max, quien adquiere su primer computador para uso doméstico y transcribe en él sus poemas. El aparato, marcado por la obsolescencia que lo corroe desde el momento en que es adquirido, metaforiza la decadencia de las relaciones interpersonales y el fracaso de la paternidad, a la vez que evoca una idea hegemónica de la cultura digital tecnocapitalista: la novedad del dispositivo está siempre diferida (Kozak, 2019). Por último, se evidencia cómo el relato entrega una representación de la escritura afectada y mediatizada por las nuevas tecnologías: el computador altera la escritura, descentra y mecaniza los procesos, e inaugura nuevas maneras de entender lo literario.
Consejo Editorial
Authors: Bogantes Claudio
Published: December 2022

Consejo Editorial
Esclavitud y Espectáculo Punitivo en el Brasil Decimonónico
Authors: Filho Benedito Souza
Published: December 2022

Esclavitud y Espectáculo Punitivo en el Brasil Decimonónico
Lo cotidiano y lo simbólico en la escultura popular del Medio San Francisco
Authors: Brasil Vanesaa M.
Published: December 2022

el artículo privilegia el “arte popular” y más especialmente, un tipo de escultura en madera denominada Carranca, cuya simbología hace parte del cotidiano de la población ribereña del Medio San Francisco.
Colombia
Authors: Égüez Renata
Published: December 2022

Colombia: una cultura bajo el signo de la ambivalencia
O mito de Caliban na interpretação do Brasil Acerca do americanismo na República Velha Brasileira
Authors: Ramos Flores Maria Bernadete
Published: December 2022

O mito de Caliban na interpretação do BrasilAcerca do americanismo na República Velha Brasileira
Caboclismo, Vadiagem e Recrutamento Militar entre as populações indígenas do Espírito Santo (1822-1875)
Authors: Moreira Vânia Maria Losada
Published: December 2022

Na historiografia sobre a América Latina, o recrutamento forçado para o serviço militar tem sido identificado não apenas como um meio de garantir ao Estado os efetivos de soldados, mas também como um importante instrumento de controle social e de coerção ao trabalho, já que, freqüentemente, recai sobre as populações consideradas “vadias” e/ou “perigosas”. Menos conhecido, no entanto, é o impacto do recrutamento entre as populações indígenas brasileiras durante o Império, embora as evidências históricas demonstrem que os índios foram, desde o período colonial, objeto dos cálculos militares e estratégicos do Estado.No presente artigo, pretendemos discutir o recrutamento militar entre a população indígena da província do Espírito Santo, composta, aliás, por dois tipos bastante diversos de índios: os “mansos” ou “caboclos”, oriundos das antigas missões jesuíticas, que viviam nas vilas ou em seus arredores, e os “selvagens”, provenientes de tribos recém-contatadas, conhecidos como Botocudos. A partir da análise de uma documentação primária de caráter normativo e administrativo, composta sobretudo por decretos, avisos e correspondências sobre o recrutamento e sobre as atividades da vila indígena de Nova Almeida, reconstruímos as diferentes formas de recrutamento de índios no Espírito Santo e os objetivos postulados com tais práticas. Trabalhamos com a hipótese de que, além de ter sido um meio de controle social e de coerção ao trabalho, o recrutamento militar entre os indígenas da província também funcionou como um mecanismo de integração forçada à ordem social dominante. Focalizaremos nossa análise principalmente em duas questões centrais: o serviço militar como um tributo pago pelos pobres e a associação entre caboclismo e vadiagem, o que redundou na transformação dos índios em um dos alvos preferenciais do recrutamento forçado.
Brazil’s Two Africas, or which Africa to find in what Brazil?
Authors: Kier Rune
Published: December 2022

The article investigates the idea of Africa as central to theimagining of the Brazilian nation. It agues that the popular beliefsand the black movement differ significantly in their views ofBrazil as well as the images of Africa they each use to explain theplace of black people in the New World. Thereby the meaning ofboth Brazil and Africa are a matter of conflict depending onwhether Brazil is seen to be a racial democracy or fraught withstructural racism, and whether Africa is a place of famine, civilwar and deceases having lost its past glory or in fact a gloriousplace of proud kings and queen. Each picture of Africa and Brazilconnotes different positions for black Brazilians. The picture isfurther complicated by the Roots Tourism from North Americarecombining the elements from each to create a place of origin, anAfrica in Brazil.
Políticas de lugar en los movimientos sociales contemporáneos
Authors: Durán Durán Armando
Published: December 2022

What types of relations are there between the theoreticaladvances on the subject of social movements and the recent socialtransformation rehearsals in Latin America? The presentdocument suggests that policies of place displayed by somecontemporary social movements constitute a hint of the denserelationship between the production of knowledge about thephenomenon and the recent collective experiences of socialtransformation. The policies of place are understood as potentialqualities that defy dichotomous, naturalized and universal visionsof a good living idea, capable of opening possibilities for creatingother worlds.
Formas políticas peri-urbanas
Authors: Cielo Cristina
Published: December 2022

This essay explores the production of peri-urban participatorypractices in the city of Cochabamba, Bolivia. We seek to identify thedistinctive and productive elements of local forms of social andpolitical organization, constructed both in spite of and in the contextof the city’s exclusions. We begin by examining the historical andinstitutional frameworks that have created a discriminated andexcluded area of the city. We then consider the formation oforganizational relations in this context, identifying everydayparticipatory practices of inhabitants of two neighborhoods in theperipheries of the city. We highlight, in particular, those localpractices that point towards alternatives to two fundamental elementsof liberal citizenship: its enduring division between the private andthe public, and its individualization of socio-political claims. Finally,we explore the importance of peri-urban practices and logics in thecurrent socio-political panorama of the country.
Entre la literatura y la eugenesia
Authors: Fernández Cristina Beatriz
Published: December 2022

The aim of this paper is to analyse the process of naturalization –conceptual and rethorical– applied to the concept of ideal in the JoséIngenieros works. The concept of ideal de amor is inherited fromStendhal, and Ingenieros modifies this concept to the point of satisfy,simultaneously, the rhetorics treatment of the subject –according tothe modernismo aesthetics– and his proper understanding of eugenicsdevelopment of the humankind.It is interesting to note that, while Stendhal talks about the loveprocess in methaphorical terms, Ingenieros treats the topic in aextremely literal sense, and as a process exclusively natural, evenwhen he is informing about his pathological deviations. It is anexample about the rol performed by the biological sciences in the finde-siècle, when they were transformed in a cognitive diallect usedliteral and metaphorically to explain the natural and social reality.