bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Вплив комбінованої терапії із застосуванням альфа-ліпоєвої кислоти на рівень фракталкіну в пацієнтів з ішемічною хворобою серця та цукровим діабетом 2-го типу
Authors: Zhuravlyova L.V. , Lopina N.A.
Published: December 2016

Мета дослідження — оцінити рівні фракталкіну в пацієнтів з ішемічною хворобою серця (ІХС) залежно від наявності цукрового діабету (ЦД) 2-го типу та характеру ураження коронарних артерій до терапії та в процесі проведення стандартної і запропонованої терапії з додаванням альфа-ліпоєвої кислоти. Матеріали та методи. Обстежений 131 пацієнт з ІХС (89 чоловіків та 42 жінки), середній вік яких становив 59,60 ± 9,11 року. Контрольну групу становили 20 практично здорових добровольців відповідної статі та віку. Залежно від наявності ЦД 2-го типу хворі ІХС були розділені на дві групи: перша група (n = 70) — хворі із супутнім ЦД 2-го типу, друга (n = 61) — хворі на ІХС без супутнього ЦД 2-го типу. Усім пацієнтам для верифікації діагнозу ІХС проводилася коронарографія. Усі пацієнти залежно від характеру ураження коронарних артерій та проведеної терапії були розподілені на дві підгрупи — IА (стандартної терапії) і IВ (комбінованої терапії). У всіх хворих оцінювалися рівні фракталкіну до терапії та через 3 місяці лікування. Результати. Під час дослідження було виявлено, що в пацієнтів з ІХС як із супутнім ЦД 2-го типу, так і без нього вірогідно підвищені рівні фракталкіну порівняно з групою контролю (р < 0,05). При порівнянні режимів терапії було виявлено, що в підгрупі стандартної терапії середній рівень фракталкіну до початку лікування становив 485,07 ± 106,55 пг/мл, а через 3 місяці терапії — 444,08 ± 99,86 пг/мл, при цьому вірогідної різниці між початковим значенням і досягнутим через 3 місяці не було (р = 0,08), хоча відзначалася тенденція до зниження рівня даного показника. У пацієнтів підгрупи IВ (n = 105), у яких проводилася комбінована терапія, була відзначена вірогідна тенденція до зменшення рівня фракталкіну через 3 місяці порівняно з початковим значенням до терапії (510,49 ± 103,95 пг/мл проти 575,56 ± 123,86 пг/мл; р = 0,00001). При цьому відносне зниження рівня фракталкіну в підгрупі IА становило 8,45 %, в підгрупі ІВ — 11,3 %. Висновки. Отримані під час дослідження результати демонструють вплив на розвиток і прогресування атеросклерозу дисфункції ендотелію, особливо вираженої на тлі супутнього ЦД 2-го типу. Застосування в схемах комбінованої терапії альфа-ліпоєвої кислоти сприяє вірогідному зниженню рівня фракталкіну, а отже, веде до зменшення дисфункції ендотелію і, як наслідок, можливого поліпшення прогнозу в даній групі пацієнтів.
Рання діагностика гіпотиреозу як фактора прогресування остеоартрозу та коморбідних процесів, особливості фітокорекції
Authors: Voloshynа L.O.
Published: December 2016

Мета: вивчити поширеність і форми гіпотиреозу у хворих на остеоартроз (ОА) та дослідити вплив фітозасобу зобофіт на функціонально-морфологічний стан щитоподібної залози, прояви коморбідних захворювань, оксидантний статус, фібринолітичну і протеолітичну активність крові. Матеріал і методи. У 312 хворих на ОА досліджено прояви коморбідних процесів і серед них — явища гіпотиреозу. Використовували клінічні, біохімічні, радіоімунологічні, ультразвукові методи. Результати. У всіх хворих на ОА після 50 років відзначаються зростаюча кількість і вираженість коморбідних процесів. Серед них у 4,48 % виявлено маніфестний і у 13,78 % — субклінічний гіпотиреоз. Ознаки гіпотиреозу спостерігаються в осіб після 55, особливо 60 років. Субклінічний гіпотиреоз незначно погіршував клінічну симптоматику ОА та коморбідних процесів, але посилював явища оксидативного стресу, зниження фібринолітичної і підвищення протеолітичної активності крові, погіршення швидкості клубочкової фільтрації нирок. Зазначене розглядається як неспецифічна патофізіологічна основа прогресування виявлених хвороб. Тримісячне застосування фітозасобу зобофіт у більшості пацієнтів нормалізувало тиреоїдний гомеостаз, покращило загальні результати лікування основного і коморбідних захворювань, зменшило вираженість метаболічних порушень. Висновки. У хворих на ОА у віці старше 50 років і з високим рівнем коморбідності необхідно здійснювати скринінг на гіпотиреоз. При виявленні ознак субклінічного гіпотиреозу в такого контингенту хворих доцільно застосування полікомпонентних фітозасобів із різноплановою тиреоїдотропною дією.
PERMINTAAN GULA RAFINASI PADA INDUSTRI MAKANAN MINUMAN DAN FARMASI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Fajrin Ainunnisa El , Hartono Slamet , Waluyati Lestari Rahayu
Published: December 2016

The demand of food, beverage and pharmacuetical industries’ products directly affected the demand of refined sugar. In Indonesia, refined sugar are fullfilled by local products from 11 refined sugar mills and imported products. The volume of imported refined sugar are suspected over capacity, so that there is a excess supply of refined sugar that leak into plantation white sugar market. It caused an unstable condition for plantation white sugar price. This research aims to determine the demand of refined sugar for food, beverage and pharmaceutical industries, then to forecast the demand for the next 10 years and also to determine the correlation between the volume of imported refined sugar and the white plantation sugar price. The method used is a multiple linear regression analysis, simple linear corellation analysis and trend analysis. This research used national data of large and medium industries from 1991 to 2012. The result shows that the factors affected refined sugar demand for food and pharmaceutical industries are world refined sugar prices, exchange rate, sugar beet prices and tariff. The factors affected refined sugar demand for beverage industries are sugar beet prices and tariff. The tendency of refined sugar demand in food, beverage and pharmaceutical industries for the next 10 years is increasing. There is also a positive correlation between volume of imported refined sugar and plantation white sugar prices for consumer.
ANALISIS PRODUKSI TEBU DAN GULA DI PT. PERKEBUNAN NUSANTARA VII (PERSERO)
Authors: Apriawan Derry Candia , Irham Irham , Mulyo Jangkung Handoyo
Published: December 2016

The study was conducted in Bungamayang District PT. Perkebunan Nusantara VII (Persero), Lampung Province. The objective of this study are: (1) to see the trend of production, productivity and input use of sugarcane and sugar production, (2) to know factors affecting production of sugarcane, (3) to identify factors affecting production of sugar, and (4) to estimate the profit of sugar and molasses. The method used was descriptive quantitative analysis. Sampling location was determined by purposively. The data used are secondary data during 30 years (1984-2013). Trend analysis, multiple linear regression (Cobb-Douglas function), and profit analysis we used in this study. The results of trend analysis show that the production of sugar, sugar productivity, and rendemen has a positive trend, while the number of labour has a negative trend. The result of regression analysis shows that increase in harvested area could increase the production of sugarcane. The result of regression analysis also shows that increase in harvested area, rendemen, and rainfalls could increase the production of sugar, post amalgamation Bungamayang District and PT. Perkebunan Nusantara VII (Persero) could give better sugar production, while the increase in the number of labour would decrease the production of sugar because the number of labour has reached the maximum level. From the results of the study show that the highest profit of sugar and molasses in Bungamayang District PT. Perkebunan Nusantara VII (Persero) is the Ratoon Cane I cropping pattern, followed by Ratoon Cane II, Ratoon Cane III, and the lowest profit obtained in Plant Cane.
ANALYSIS OF MARKETING MIX AND SALES PERFORMANCE OF “INDUSTRI HILIR TEH WALINI” PRODUCT
Authors: Oktaviyanti Dwi , Masyhuri Masyhuri , Mulyo Jangkung Handoyo
Published: December 2016

This research as a case study in “Industri Hilir Teh Walini” aimed to: (1) describe the marketing mix strategy, (2) examine the influence of marketing mix strategy on sales, (3) know the sales performance of products, (4) forecast the future demand of primary products, and (5) explore the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT).Descriptive explanation, multiple linear regression analysis, one way analysis of variance, moving average forecasting, and SWOT analysis were conducted. This research showed that in the product mix as a component of marketing mix, this business unit offers tea products in various packaging and flavoring. The price determination conducted based on cost, market competition, and standards in certain lines. The promotion mix used are Above and Below The Line communication strategy. The place mix conducted by distributing products through selective distribution channel and direct channel. Promotion cost and flavor variants variables of the marketing mix were proven to have positive significant influence on the sales. Based on the one way analysis of variance, grouped tea product sales of tea bag, loose and instant tea, and ready to drink tea were significantly different. Forecast of black tea bag, lemon flavored black tea bag, and green tea bag sales volume in 2014 which give the best sales performance tend to be fluctuated. The SWOT analysis showed that this business unit’s position is in quadrant 1 which supports the SO (Strengths-Opportunities) strategy.
ANALISIS NILAI TAMBAH DAN KONTRIBUSI INDUSTRI KERAJINAN BAMBU PADA DISTRIBUSI PENDAPATAN MASYARAKAT DI KABUPATEN SLEMAN
Authors: Wulandari Nurul Trya , Darwanto Dwidjono Hadi , Irham Irham
Published: December 2016

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) mengetahui besarnya nilai tambah bambu pada berbagai jenis produk kerajinan bambu serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya, (2) mengetahui kontribusi industri kerajinan bambu (IKB) pada distribusi pendapatan masyarakat, dan (3) memformulasikan strategi pengembangan IKB di Kabupaten Sleman. Sampel dipilih secara simple random sampling sebanyak 40. Analisis nilai tambah menggunakan metode Hayami menunjukkan pengolahan bambu menjadi produk besek, gedek aten, serta meja dan kursi bambu masing-masing nilai tambahnya sebesar Rp 12.935,47/batang, Rp 9.945,07/batang, dan Rp 35.326,29/batang. Jumlah output tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai tambah sedangkan harga bahan baku berpengaruh signifikan dan negatif terhadap nilai tambah. Analisis indeks Gini menunjukkan adanya pemerataan pada distribusi pendapatan masyarakat di semua kecamatan. Hasil analisis SWOT dan matriks IFAS-EFAS menunjukkan IKB di Kabupaten Sleman berada di kuadran I dengan faktor peluang lebih besar dari kekuatan internal, artinya kekuatan internal yang dimiliki masih kurang untuk memanfaatkan peluang yang ada. Dengan demikian, nilai tambah paling tinggi ada pada meja dan kursi bambu. Harga bahan baku berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai tambah bambu. Pendapatan dari usaha IKB mampu memperbaiki distribusi pendapatan rumah tangga pengrajin yang ditunjukkan dengan penurunan indeks Gini di semua kecamatan. Strategi pengembangan usaha IKB di Kabupaten Sleman yang dapat dilakukan: peningkatan kualitas dan diversifikasi produk, perluasan jaringan distribusi pemasaran, memanfaatkan fasilitas pinjaman modal untuk pengembangan usaha, meningkatkan promosi di dalam dan luar negeri, pengembangan sistem kelembagaan dan kemitraan usaha, serta meningkatkan ketersediaan bambu lokal.
ANALISIS EFISIENSI PERSEDIAAN SPARE PARTS MATA PISAU DI PT.INDOLAMPUNG PERKASA, KABUPATEN TULANG BAWANG
Authors: Soekartawi Eni , Masyhuri Masyhuri , Suryantini Any
Published: December 2016

Persediaan merupakan asset yang penting dalam kegiatan perusahaan. System persediaan menentukan tingkat persediaan yang harus dijaga. Kapan harus tersedia dan berapa besar order yang harus dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah 1) mengetahui biaya persediaan EOQ (Economic Older Quantity)spareparts mata pisau 2) mengetahui jumlah persediaan pengaman (Safety Stock) untuk spareparts mata pisau 3) mengetahui titik pemesanan ulang (Reorder Point) untuk spareparts mata pisau di PT.Indolampung Perkasa. Metode dasar penelitian adalah metode deskriptif analitik dengan teknik penelitian survey. Penelitian dilakukan di Warehouse dan Inventory PT.Indolampung Perkasa. Obyek penelitian yaitu 15 mata pisau yang digunakan pada kegiatan pengolahan tanah dan machinery maintenance pada tahun 2010-2012. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata permintaan mata pisau terbesar adalah Knife 4,5 x 90 x 260 mm sebesar 61,32% trekecil adalah Round Cutter 32” sebesar 0.10%. selisih jumlah pemesanan optimal dengan actual terbesar adalah Cut Knife No.19 sebesar 361,54% (tahun 2010) terkecil adalah Plough Head 20-25ha sebesar 6,29% (tahun 2012) . interval pemesanan ekonomis yang terbesar adalah Round Cutter 32” (tahun 2012) sebesar 86,45%, terkecil  adalah Plough Head 20-25ha sebesar 37.5% (tahun 2012). Selisih biaya persediaan actual dengan optimal terbesar adalah Plough Wall sebesar 1.038,35%(tahun 2012), terkecil adalah Round Cutter 32” sebesar 0.10% (tahun 2010). Safety stock terbesar Disc Cutway 22” dan Share Point sebesar 63,13% yang terkecil adalah Plough Head 20-25ha sebesar 50,72%. Titik pemesanan kembali terbesar adalah Disc Cutway 22” sebesar 35,82% (tahun 2012), yang terkecil adalah Knife 4,5 x 90 x 260 mm sebesar 0.43%(tahun 2012).
Analisis Usabilitas Sistem Informasi Perpustakaan (Sipus) Integrasi UGM
Authors: Arif Ikhwan , Santoso Budhi
Published: December 2016

It is important to assess usability of Integrated Library Information System (SIPUS) at UGM in order to find out whether the system that has been developed by the Central Library of UGM is useful and accepted by user libraries spread out within the campus. There are three criteria of usability assessment based on the standard of ISO 9241-11 (1998), i.e. efficiency, effectiveness, and satisfaction. This ISO standard is used because it has a series of assessment criteria relevant with the problems of SIPUS implementation at various libraries within UGM. The study was descriptive quantitative. Data collected during the study were analyzed using statistical method and interpreted. Population of the study were the librarians at UGM. Samples consisted of 30 librarians/library staff at faculty libraries, Central Library, the library of vocational school and Jakarta Campus. The result of analysis and discussion showed that usability, effectiveness and efficiency of integrated SIPUS implementation werevery high.
Pengaruh Soft Skill Staf Perpustakaan Terhadap Pelayanan Prima di Perpustakaan Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta
Authors: Rochmah Nur
Published: December 2016

This study aimed to: (1) find out soft skills of library staff at the Library of the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) Yogyakarta; (2) identify excellent services of the Library; (3) identify the influence of the soft skills of library staff to the excellent services of the Library. The study used quantitative descriptive method. The population of the study consisted of all members of the Library of the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences UGM Library registered until February 2016, with the total number comprising 5,990 users. The sampling used accidental sampling technique. Data were collected through questionnaires, observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis used mean and grand mean, Product Moment Correlation and Simple Linear Regression. The data were processed using IBM SPSS Statistics Version 22. The results of this study showed that the soft skills of library staff at the Library of the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences UGM belonged to good category as indicated from the calculation of the mean and grand mean of 2.97. Meanwhile the excellent services at the Library of the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences UGM also belonged to good category, as indicated from the calculation of the mean and the grand mean of 3.01. The level of correlation was significant with a value of 0.692. The direction of correlation was positive and correlation level was strong.
Persepsi Pemustaka dari Latar Belakang Sosial yang Berbeda terhadap Fungsi Perpustakaan (Studi di Perpustakaan Kota Yogyakarta)
Authors: Nurislaminingsih Rizki , Partini Partini
Published: December 2016

Nowadays, the existence of technology in the middle of the society does not only give the abundant information, but also causes confusion and boredom in searching for the information. Such situation also has influenced the society's demand with different social stratifications in their easiness of accessing the information. Yogyakarta City Library, which in fact is an information center for the whole society layers, is expected to be able to be a bridge for the impacts of technology existence in information searching process. This study aimed at finding out the influence of social environment in building perceptions towards the library functions and how the library functions were viewed by readers with different social stratifications. The method used in this study was the combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches with Concurrent Triangulation design, in which two approaches were used simultaneously. However, data gathering and data analysis processes were done separately. The respondents were fifty users selected through random sampling. The in-depth interview was done towards ten informants. The result of the study indicated that social environment was not only influential in building the society's perceptions towards the library functions, but also motivated the readers to visit the library. Besides, it was found out that there was the change regarding to the society's perceptions with different social backgrounds towards the library functions. Recently, a library has not only been viewed as a book storage or solely an information provider, but has also been viewed as a rare collections preserver, an amusement place, simply a spot for hanging out with friends, and a positive game facility among children and parents. In addition, a library has also been viewed as a successor of the education missions and as a medium for channeling the society's talent and creativity.
Model of Electronic Office for a Graphic Disciplines Teacher
Authors: A.Nabi Yskak
Published: December 2016

This work aims at development of a model of electronic office for a graphic disciplines teacher and its study. Method: modeling is used as main method. Results: on a basis of analysis of the notions “model” and “modeling” is revealed the form and content of the model of an e-office for a graphic disciplines teacher; the model is developed as a unity of the parameters: input, processing and output; the content of all parameters is revealed; a variant of a mockup is given; the model is study on conformity by requirements to the models. Conclusion: developed model correspond to requirements to the models and perhaps is realized in a computer program form.
Editorial: "Amanhã há de ser um outro dia!"
Authors: Limonad Ester
Published: December 2016

Editorial - Volume 18 | Número 3 (set./dez. 2016).
O campo e a práxis transformadora do Planejamento: reflexões para uma agenda brasileira
Authors: Klink Jeroen Johanes , Momm Sandra , Zioni Silvana , Favareto Arilson , Mencio Mariana
Published: December 2016

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar, a partir dos conceitos bourdieusianos de campo, habitus e capital, como processos de reestruturação na economia, na política e na própria sociedade geraram uma série de desafios e oportunidades para a formação e atuação no planejamento do espaço e dos territórios no Brasil. Argumenta-se que as transformações no período pós-1970 produziram novas competências e habilidades para o planejamento que transbordaram a formação tradicional. Ao mesmo tempo, observase que o complexo brasileiro de instituições responsáveis pela formação e atuação profissional ainda está desarticulado e com alcance limitado para absorver as novas demandas que cercam o planejamento do país. É apresentada, sinteticamente, uma experiência em andamento na Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC): um bacharelado interdisciplinar em planejamento territorial a partir da implantação da pósgraduação em planejamento e gestão dos territórios. Conclui-se com uma reflexão sobre a necessidade de uma agenda nacional pautada nesse tema.
Ocupações urbanas: a poética territorial da política
Authors: Lelis Natália
Published: December 2016

Este trabalho propõe uma reflexão sobre as recentes ocupações urbanas organizadas da Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte. Ele procura explorar conflitos e contradições que envolvem a constituição e a dinâmica cotidiana desses espaços, tendo como contribuições teóricas principais alguns conceitos de Rancière e de Lefebvre. Defendemos que a própria constituição deles é poiesis política e que o seu cotidiano, marcado por contradições, heterogeneidades e conflitos, aponta para a impossibilidade da política como ordem instituída. Além disso, como espaços diferenciais escavados no espaço abstrato, essas ocupações se tornam espaços do que difere e do que não difere, bem como do conflito entre ambos. Elas se inscrevem no movimento de produção-reprodução que muda e repete o cotidiano da metrópole. Com isso, recolocam a questão da possibilidade do planejamento em relação ao que é efetivamente político.
Urbanização planetária ou revolução urbana? De volta à hipótese da urbanização completa da sociedade
Authors: Castriota Rodrigo
Published: December 2016

Os trabalhos contemporâneos de Neil Brenner e Christian Schmid permitiram que a urbanização planetária (re)emergisse como uma das grandes narrativas no campo dos estudos urbanos. Neste trabalho, apresentamos a crítica desses autores ao “citadismo” metodológico nos estudos urbanos e ao discurso da era urbana, bem como suas teses em urbanização, que pretendem caminhar rumo a uma nova epistemologia do urbano. Finalmente, tomando como referência as elaborações de Roberto Monte-Mór acerca do urbano e da urbanização extensiva – também fundadas na hipótese lefebvriana de urbanização completa da sociedade –, expomos pontos de diálogo e de tensão entre essas teorizações, culminando na crítica da concepção contemporânea da urbanização planetária.
Estilos de resolución de conflictos en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Parra Cabrera Héctor Fabián , Jiménez Bautista Francisco
Published: December 2016

El artículo tiene como objetivo identificar los estilos de resolución de conflictos de los estudiantes universitarios; sigue un enfoque cuantitativo, diseño de campo con análisis factorial. Utilizó cuestionario de estilos de resolución de conflictos en una muestra por conglomerados de 1300 estudiantes universitarios. Resultados: estudiantes universitarios resuelven conflictos por evitación, compromiso y acomodación. Conclusión: estilos de solución de conflictos de jóvenes universitarios se dan por evitación explicados por la competición.
Caracterización del desertor y diseño del sistema de alertas tempranas -SAT- para la Facultad de Minas de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Authors: Hernández Betancur Juan Esteban , Rojas López Miguel David , López García Yesid
Published: December 2016

En los últimos años se ha incrementado el interés del Gobierno Nacional de Colombia por la educación como herramienta para disminuir la brecha social; reconoce como parte de la problemática a la deserción en la educación superior. La Facultad de Minas- FM, hace parte de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia –UN. Esta cuenta con 12 programas de pregrado, los cuales son responsables de gran parte de la formación en el área de ingeniería de la región y del país; este proceso de formación no es ajeno a la problemática de la deserción: para el año 2011 la sede Medellín de la UN se encontraba en 50,1% de deserción por cohorte y la FM en promedio en 47,4%, cifras que se encuentra por encima de la meta nacional, 40%, propuesta por el Estado colombiano para el año 2010 (Ministerio de Educación Nacional-MEN, 2006). Este artículo pretende exponer una metodología para mitigar los niveles de deserción basado en la caracterización del posible desertor y en un sistema de alertas tempranas –SAT, diseñado a partir del análisis de factores y componentes rotados sobre datos académicos y socioeconómicos de estudiantes que desertaron entre el primer periodo del 2009 y el segundo periodo del 2013.
análisis del autismo desde la perspectiva de su influencia en familias y la tecnología como facilitador en el manejo de esta condición
Authors: Casas Rodríguez Jesica Paola , Aparicio Pico Lilia Edith
Published: December 2016

El presente artículo contiene un análisis detallado de las particularidades del desarrollo que se generan en las personas con Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA). Se comienza por una profunda investigación de los síntomas comunes, tomando referentes históricos para entender el desarrollo de este trastorno en niños, teniendo en cuenta características de quienes la presentan y la manifestación en su comportamiento. A manera de reflexión, es necesario realizar el análisis de la influencia que tiene esta condición sobre el comportamiento de los padres y cómo se ha manejado desde diferentes perspectivas y alternativas que sumadas con el apoyo de la tecnología y de instituciones gubernamentales, puede llegar a verse como un caso controlado. Finalmente, se muestra como la tecnología ha contribuido a contrarrestar el síndrome que sufren los padres y familiares de los niños con TEA, siendo este el principal objeto de reflexión.
Remoción de sustancias disruptoras endocrinas "levonorgestrel" en fuentes hídricas
Authors: Rodríguez Miranda Juan Pablo , Cifuentes Cetina Angie Rocío , Ávila Viatela Joahan Katherine
Published: December 2016

La sostenibilidad global del agua depende en parte de su reutilización efectiva, en particular, de las aguas residuales siendo fundamental para el riego y el aumento de abastecimiento de agua potable. Sin embargo, hay preocupación por la presencia de concentraciones de trazas de los productos farmacéuticos y los EDC en las aguas residuales. Debido a que los efectos de los procesos naturales o antropogénicos impulsados, como el flujo natural de temporada o la variabilidad climática/sequía prolongada, son factores que pueden alterar drásticamente las concentraciones de estos compuestos. Para este trabajo se realizó una revisión de los contaminantes emergentes que se encuentran presentes en las fuentes de agua en específico los compuestos disruptores endocrinos, debido a que el impacto de estas progestinas como el levonorgestrel (LNG) puede afectar negativamente la reproducción y crecimiento de organismos acuáticos. El interés de este tema de investigación es proponer una estrategia que permita el tratamiento y control del LNG en las aguas residuales, a partir del cumplimiento de la normatividad y el uso de diferentes tecnologías de remoción o conversión de estos contaminantes, debido a que se hace necesario obtener información precisa sobre la eliminación de estos contaminantes, su atenuación natural en el ambiente y el impacto de las descargas de aguas residuales en cuerpos de aguas superficiales o subterráneas.
Índices de calidad en cuerpos de agua superficiales en la planificación de los recursos hídricos
Authors: Rodríguez Miranda Juan Pablo , Serna Mosquera Jorge Antonio , Sánchez Céspedes Juan Manuel
Published: December 2016

Este artículo considera una revisión de la literatura de los principales métodos de índices de calidad del agua aplicados en cuerpos de aguas superficiales, propuestos para la evaluación de la significancia de parámetros de calidad del agua en la evaluación de las corrientes hídricas superficiales y que usualmente son utilizados en la toma decisiones para la intervención de medidas de prevención y estratégicas por los responsables de la conservación y preservación de las cuencas hidrográficas a donde pertenecen estos cuerpos de aguas. Se aplicó una metodología exploratoria para concretar la conceptualización de cada índice. Como resultado, se observa que existen varios métodos relevantes para su determinación, aplicado en los cuerpos de agua superficial.
Formar bioéticamente para contribuir al desarrollo sostenible
Authors: Striedinger Meléndez Martha Patricia
Published: December 2016

El presente artículo analiza la problemática de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de la bioética en el contexto de la educación superior, enfatizando en el pregrado de las Facultades de Medicina y apuntando al desarrollo sostenible.  El objetivo es exponer que una de las alternativas para dar a conocer la bioética en las universidades, es formando bioéticamente a cada comunidad, lo que implica que el docente sea un modelo de vida para los estudiantes: no solo que enseñe la bioética, sino que la viva.  En la primera parte, hace referencia a generalidades de la bioética y del desarrollo sostenible para comprender la evolución de estos conceptos, su situación en el presente y los retos en el futuro. La segunda parte, se centra en las estrategias metodológicas en el proceso de educación de la bioética con el ánimo de formar a los estudiantes de instituciones universitarias, siempre pensando en que con ello se puede conseguir el desarrollo sostenible, pero no abordándolo de manera tradicional debido a que el desarrollo sostenible también se refiere a bienestar, sino formando bioéticamente, lo que conlleva a mejorar el  modo de funcionamiento de la sociedad. La conclusión es que las instituciones de pregrado de medicina, deben brindar a los docentes y estudiantes, herramientas para que resuelvan problemas que son prioritarios para la humanidad. Una de ellas es el desarrollo sostenible y se puede conseguir con ayuda de la bioética.
Innovación pedagógica desde la perspectiva de comunidades profesionales de aprendizaje
Authors: Sánchez Cortés Ana María
Published: December 2016

En este estudio se buscó comprobar la relación que existe entre la participación de los docentes en comunidades profesionales de aprendizaje y las prácticas de enseñanza asociadas con el modelo socio – constructivista. Para ello, se realizó un diseño cuantitativo no experimental de tipo transversal, a partir de los resultados de la encuesta “Teaching and learning international survey”, aplicada por la OCDE en 2008 en un grupo de 24 países. Los resultados obtenidos en el estudio permitieron determinar que las dimensiones asociadas con las comunidades de aprendizaje tienen una relación positiva débil con las categorías de las prácticas de enseñanza en el aula. Adicionalmente, se determinaron las diferencias en las respuestas de los profesores de acuerdo con aspectos como la edad, el género, el tiempo de experiencia docente y el nivel de formación.
Análisis de la penalización del cibercrimen en países de habla hispana
Authors: Rojas Parra Jaime Hernán
Published: December 2016

El presente artículo, propone un análisis de la tipificación y penalización de conductas punibles relacionadas con la delincuencia informática en cada uno de los  20 países de habla hispana a nivel mundial, así como la descripción de la normalización de sus leyes con respecto a los instrumentos y convenios de carácter internacional, relacionados con la regulación de uso de tecnologías de la información. Este análisis se realiza desde las siguientes tres (3) perspectivas: estudio de la legislación penal existente y vigente, identificación de los delitos informáticos tipificados, selección del delito informático con mayor penalización y participación de cada uno de los países indagados en el convenio de la ciberdelincuencia de Budapest (como referencia mundial en este campo). Asimismo, se presentan las tablas y gráficas comparativas entre los países motivo de estudio, mediante las cuales se identifican los países con mayor y menor cantidad de delitos informáticos tipificados, así como los rangos de penalización máxima y mínima en cada uno de los mismos.
TIC en la enseñanza de las ecuaciones diferenciales de primer orden
Authors: Rincón Leal Olga Lucy
Published: December 2016

Esta investigación se ha propuesto evaluar las relaciones entre los elementos que intervienen en el proceso de aprendizaje de ecuaciones diferenciales de primer orden, antes y después de la incorporación de herramientas tecnológicas de apoyo. Se sigue un diseño de estudio descriptivo donde se determina la importancia de la tecnología en el aula de clase y cómo esta puede llegar a generar un cambio de actitud en los estudiantes. La muestra estuvo conformada por 40 estudiantes en edades entre 18 y 23 años. El instrumento de recolección de información consistió en una escala de actitudes que se aplicó al inicio y final del experimento. Los resultados muestran que el uso de las TIC como instrumento mediador, produce un cambio de actitudes positivas y favorables hacia las aplicaciones de las ecuaciones diferenciales de primer orden, apoyando la adquisición de conocimientos, logrando estimular la creatividad de los estudiantes y contribuyendo en el diseño de nuevas estrategias metodológicas en el ámbito de la Educación Superior.
Food safety as a field in supply chain management studies: a systematic literature review
Authors: Auler Daniel P. , Teixeira Rafael , Nardi Vinícius
Published: December 2016

The increasing number of food contamination events has called the attention of both practitioners and scholars to food safety problems and their consequences. Many of these events are related to the supply chain because food production is now a global process of commoditized goods, made by large corporations that purchase inputs from producers in many countries. Given the linkage between supply chain and food safety issues, we investigated how studies in the supply chain management area have examined food safety issues, exploring some of their important characteristics. To do so, we conducted a systematic literature review of 46 papers, published in 23 journals, indexed in the Web of Science database. As a result, we pointed out some main characteristics of these papers, including journal attributes, authorship data, citation network, methodological characteristics, and theoretical approaches. Results serve as a reference to scholars and allow us to discuss some potential opportunities for future research in the field of food safety in the supply chain management area.
Agency costs and organizational architecture of large corporate farms: evidence from Brazil
Authors: Chaddad Fabio , Valentinov Vladislav
Published: December 2016

Drawing inspiration from American institutionalism and new institutional economics, this paper discusses the rise of large corporate farms as the transition from the classic capitalist firm to the corporate form of organization based on the separation of ownership and control. Three case studies from the Brazilian cerrado show the rise of large corporate farms to be enabled and impelled by the advance of agricultural production technologies and the search for scale economies. The key finding from the case studies is that complex technology not only necessitates large-scale farming but also generates technical and organizational solutions to the potentially pervasive agency problems. In addition to the use of sound corporate governance practices, these solutions include organizational architecture encompassing computer-aided accounting and budgeting systems, incentive-based compensation, clear definition of performance goals, and delegation of operational decisions to farm managers. Furthermore, organizational architecture has been shown to promote a culture of trust and accountability, which counteract the opportunistic tendencies of farm managers and workers.
Political risk factors in South Africa: Sources, analysis and insurance flexibility
Authors: Essel Rudolf , Mostert Frederik J.
Published: December 2016

Political risk factors are of prime importance to business operations around the world, as they may impact negatively on the financial performance thereof and may even lead to the financial failure of enterprises and industries. As political risk factors are often abundant in developing countries with emerging market economies, this study is undertaken in South Africa which is classified accordingly. The objective of this research focuses on the improvement of financial decision-making concerning the sources, analysis and insurance flexibility of political risk factors. To achieve the objective of the paper, a literature study and an empirical survey, involving the agents of political risk insurance in South Africa, were undertaken. Due attention is paid to identifying the most important sources of political risk factors, as well as the analysis of the political risk factors by the underwriters concerned. The importance of flexibility concerning the various aspects of political risk insurance is also addressed. The perceptions of the agents of political risk insurance in South Africa provide a valuable contribution to the empirical results and conclusions of this paper.
Two common steps in firms’ failing path
Authors: Agostini Marisa
Published: December 2016

This paper aims to identify two steps which are common to the path of all failing firms and result from their financial statements. Their identification support the explanation of business failure (in both fraud and no-tort cases) as encouraged by authoritative literature (Cybinski, 2001; Parker, 2012).
The analysis has been conducted through all the fraud cases (and the matched not-tort cases) mentioned by WebBRD. It has been developed through different phases: content analysis for the identification and categorization of micro-failures, a deep analysis of time variable and the implementation of survival analysis for the failing path explanation.
This paper shows that, during the failing path, firms encounter two “steps” (i.e. micro-failures and macro-failures) that make the process neither atypical nor sudden at the same time. After the identification of the relevant micro-failures, a survival analysis has been implemented to demonstrate that fraud lets firms earn time in the path to macro-failure, but its disclosure make firms fall down macro-failure very fast. This paper sight to encourage business failure explanation and fraud deterrence: fraud lets firms earn time and hope more to avoid macro-failure, but, after the disclosure moment, fraud firms fall down macro-failure faster than not-tort firms. The results suggest that only after a such explanation of business failure, its prediction can be properly conducted. This paper examines in an original way failure as a path and emphasizes relations between time dimension, failure stages and accounting information.
Implementation of South African national credit act and its impact on home loans market: The case of First National Bank
Authors: Naicker Bathmanathan Vasie , Kabir Md. Humayun
Published: December 2016

Since it has been observed that credit granting is a serious problem across the entire credit market, South Africa introduced National Credit Act 34 of 2005 in order to regulate the credit industry and protect credit consumers from becoming over-indebted. The study highlights and examines the implementation of the Act in relation to the South African home loans market, focussing on First National Bank home loans portfolio. The study documents that the current state of consumer indebtedness shows that both credit institutions and consumers were responsible for over extending retail credit. The study noticed that credit industry has significantly managed to regulate the retail credit through the implementation of the Act. Furthermore, the study finds that a new stakeholder such as a debt counsellor has been introduced into the retail credit value chain for debt counselling for over-indebted clients. However, the study recommends that internal forums within banks as well as industry-wide forums should be used in order to ensure that the implementation of a regulation that impacts the entire credit industry is implemented with all stakeholders to limit any possible misinterpretation of key sections of a new regulation.
The Australian stock market development: Prospects and challenges
Authors: Nyasha Sheilla , Odhiambo Nicholas M.
Published: December 2016

This paper highlights the origin and development of the Australian stock market. The country has three major stock exchanges, namely: the Australian Securities Exchange Group, the National Stock Exchange of Australia, and the Asia-Pacific Stock Exchange. These stock exchanges were born out of a string of stock exchanges that merged over time. Stock-market reforms have been implemented since the period of deregulation, during the 1980s; and the Exchanges responded largely positively to these reforms. As a result of the reforms, the Australian stock market has developed in terms of the number of listed companies, the market capitalisation, the total value of stocks traded, and the turnover ratio. Although the stock market in Australia has developed remarkably over the years, and was spared by the global financial crisis of the late 2000s, it still faces some challenges. These include the increased economic uncertainty overseas, the downtrend in global financial markets, and the restrained consumer confidence in Australia.
Supply chain cost improvement opportunities through streamlining cross-border operations
Authors: Havenga Jan Hendrik , van Eeden J. , Pienaar Wessel
Published: December 2016

The Cross-Border Road Transport Agency (CBRTA) in South Africa aims to encourage and facilitate trade between South Africa and its neighbouring countries. The CBRTA sponsored a study by Stellenbosch University (SU) to determine the logistics cost impact of cross-border delays between South Africa and its major neighbouring trading partners, and prioritise opportunities for improvement. SU is the proprietor of both a comprehensive freight demand model and a logistics cost model for South Africa, which enable extractions and extensions of freight flows and related costs for specific purposes. Through the application of these models, the following information is identified and presented in this paper: South Africa’s most important border posts (based on traffic flows); a product profile for imports and exports through these border posts; the modal split (road and rail); the annual logistics costs incurred on the corridors feeding the border posts, as well as the additional costs incurred due to border delays. The research has proved that the streamlining of border-post operations that take a total supply chain view (i.e. of both border operations and those that could be moved from the border) is beneficial.
The persistence of risk levels of general equity funds in an emerging market economy
Authors: Lötter Rousseau
Published: December 2016

The persistence of risk levels of local General Equity unit trusts is evaluated. Variations in absolute and market-adjusted returns are measured to determine whether investors can use historical risk as a proxy for future risk levels. The General Equity funds are fairly homogenous, and different funds should exhibit stable risk levels if the fund managers’ investment mandates and investment styles remain stable over time. The results indicate a degree of absolute and market-adjusted risk stability over time. The market-adjusted risk and return relationship remained stable through the 2008 global crises, indicating that, on average, the fund managers maintained their benchmark-related risk exposures. Both the absolute and market-adjusted results indicate no statistically significant relationship between risk and return for the 2000 to 2012 period.
Experimentality: The friendly face of power? The interactive new media as tools of discretionary governance and risk management
Authors: Heydebrand Wolf
Published: December 2016

The interactive new media (INM) are a powerful information technology (IT) with contradictory consequences for the nature of work, creativity, and innovation. Digital interactivity shortens both time and distance within and across global networks. It reduces labor time and transaction costs, eases the shift from manual to mental labor, and raises efficiency, productivity, and profits. It facilitates quick responses to changing conditions and new opportunities, and it encourages experimentation, risk taking, discovery, and innovation. IT and INM constitute the technical infrastructure of advanced business and consulting services like advertising, management consulting, and accounting. They are popular components of the globalizing culture industry. But INM are also instruments of discretionary governance and neoliberal governmentality. They have an unaccountable influence on financial, actuarial, cybernetic and ideological forms of power, and they serve to extend the mechanisms of indirect and anonymous social control into everyday life. The INM are widely adopted for purposes of discretionary governance and risk management, but tend to escape autonomous social and democratic regulation. The paper examines the effects of INM on small project teams as well as on aspects of neoliberal experimentality such as informalism and flexibility at work, the hacker work ethic, social networking, and techno-libertarianism. The conclusion reconsiders the intrinsic tension between neoliberal experimentality and governmentality.
Impact of pulling down regulatory state barriers on uranium in Australia: Is there a need in order to maintain and increase Australia’s global market share of uranium?
Authors: Gurrib Ikhlaas , AlShahrani Saad
Published: December 2016

This paper sets a prospective framework to study the impact of opening more mines to meet future growing demand on Australia’s economy. The structure is aimed at decomposing investments and exports variables into Uranium exports and Uranium Exploration expenditure and analyse their impacts on each State GSP (Goods State Product) and for Australia as a nation. The demand and supply factors affecting the uranium market are defragmented before providing the research methodology and data specifics. Later analysis is expected to have policy implications by serving as a guide to pull down State Regulatory barriers like those imposed currently in Queensland, which is rich with uranium deposits and allow only uranium exploration but no uranium mining. Empirical findings would suggest whether exporting the carbon free energy would add value to Australia’s different competing states and as a whole globalized economy.
Securitization, loan modification and the supply of subprime mortgage credit in the US
Authors: Theunissen Anton
Published: December 2016

This paper develops a continuous time, contingent claims model of mortgage valuation with strategic behavior to show that mortgages that are securitized are characterized by significantly higher loan to value ratios than mortgages held on the balance sheet of the originator, if securitized mortgages cannot be renegotiated. Insofar as securitization inhibits loan modification, it serves as a credible threat to the borrower that default will provoke foreclosure. This enhances the value of the lender’s claim on the loan collateral, the home, and she is willing to lend more per dollar of collateral value. An important implication of the analysis is that the higher loan to value ratio for the securitized mortgage does not imply that the securitized mortgage is characterized by looser underwriting standards than the mortgage held on balance sheet. Higher loan to value ratios for securitized mortgages do not necessarily constitute evidence that securitization encourages risky lending.
The effectiveness of R&D support in Italy. Some evidence from matching methods
Authors: Aiello Francesco
Published: December 2016

In this study several matching procedures have been used to evaluate the impact of public R&D support received by Italian manufacturing firms over the three-year period 2004-2006. Data are from the Capitalia-UniCredit survey and estimations refer to a sample of 605 treated firms (untreated are 2414). The evidence is mixed and depends on the objective-variable under consideration. As far as the total amount of R&D investments is concerned, the role of public support to innovation is positive and significant, while no impact has been found when considering the R&D intensity and the share of sales due to innovative-products. These differences in results are quite regular, whatever the matching method applied in the evaluation.