bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recalcitrant Emotions: A Phenomenological View
Authors: Laasik Kristjan
Published: April 2020

In this paper, I sketch an account of emotion that is based on a close analogy with a Husserlian account of perception. I also make use of the approach that I have limned, viz., to articulate a view of the kind of “conflict without contradiction” (CWC) which may obtain between a recalcitrant emotion and a judgment. My main contention is that CWC can be accounted for by appeal to the rationality of perception and emotion, conceived as responsiveness to experiential evidence. The conflicts in question can be regarded as obtaining between different strands of evidence, and our perceptual and emotional experiences can be thus conflicted even among themselves, not only in the special case of a conflict with a judgment.
Understanding Corruptors’ Imagination Concerning Money Through Their Metaphors
Authors: Hadiyansyah Dhuha , Hidayat Didin Nuruddin
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTThis study illustrates the imagination of corrupt politicians from the Prosperous Justice Party (PKS) about money through observing the metaphors they use to replace the word "money" when conducting cell phone conversations revealed in court. The discussion focuses on the metaphorical expressions of two PKS politicians, in the case of bribery by Commissioner of PT Cahaya Mas Perkasa, So Kok Seng, related to road reconstruction projects in Maluku and North Maluku in 2017. The Conceptual Metaphor theory is used to uncover the semantic fields of the metaphors they create. Thus, the corruptor's imagination can be revealed. It was found that through metaphors they think of money as a sacred object like the Holy Book.ABSTRAKStudi ini menganalisa imajinasi politisi korup dari Partai Keadilan Sejahtera (PKS) tentang uang dengan mengamati metafora yang mereka gunakan untuk mengganti kata "uang" ketika melakukan percakapan telepon seluler yang diungkapkan di pengadilan. Penelitian ini berfokus pada ekspresi metaforis dari dua politisi PKS, dalam kasus suap oleh Komisaris PT Cahaya Mas Perkasa, So Kok Seng, terkait dengan proyek rekonstruksi jalan di Maluku dan Maluku Utara pada tahun 2017. Teori Metafor Konseptual digunakan untuk mengungkap bidang semantik dari metafora yang mereka buat. Dengan demikian, imajinasi koruptor dapat terungkap. Melalui metafora mereka menganggap uang sebagai objek suci seperti Kitab Suci. How to Cite: Hadiyansyah, D., Hidayat, D.N. (2019). Understanding Corruptors’ Imagination Concerning Money Through Their Metaphors. IJEE (Indonesian Journal of English Education), 6(2), 109-118. doi:10.15408/ijee.v6i2.15465.
Digital resources in the current journalistic narrative: Uses and limitations of hypertext, multimedia and interactivity
Authors: Palau-Sampio Dolors , Sánchez-García Pilar
Published: April 2020

El relato periodístico multimedia, caracterizado por el multilenguaje y multiformato, conforma una nueva ‘arqueología de la composición’ (Manovich, 2005) rebautizada como una ‘nueva textualidad’ (Anichini, 2003). Justo cuando los medios digitales cumplen 25 años de vida (Salaverría, 2019) esta investigación surge con el objetivo de comprobar el estado actual de esa narrativa en las informaciones periodísticas de actualidad. Así, se estudian los elementos definitorios de la narrativa multimedia en los medios de información generalista, a través de la observación de los recursos de hipertextualidad, multimedialidad e interactividad. Esta investigación recurre a la metodología de análisis de contenido que permite sistematizar la observación y descripción de parámetros predominantes mediante el estudio comparativo de cuatro medios: dos nativos digitales (elconfidencial.com y eldiario.es) y dos con matriz impresa (elpais.com y elmundo.es). La muestra (N=560) se conforma con un amplio espectro de las noticias de actualidad más inmediata posicionadas como las más relevantes por los medios en su portada web. Los resultados principales reflejan un uso limitado de los elementos multimedia en la ‘narrativa de inmediatez’. Se detecta especialmente un abuso ineficaz de la hipertextualidad, una interactividad carente de protagonismo y una escasa presencia de recursos multimedia, procedente de agencias más que de producción propia. Un panorama que confirma la visión más escéptica de la ‘tecnoeuforia’ que caracterizó los primeros tiempos de los medios digitales y que apunta a la necesidad de enriquecer la narrativa multimedia pegada a la actualidad, más allá de la mera yuxtaposición de recurso digitales, que caracteriza el contexto del primer cuarto de siglo de existencia.
Trust and fake news: Exploratory analysis of the impact of news literacy on the relationship with news content in Portugal
Authors: Paisana Miguel , Pinto-Martinho Ana , Cardoso Gustavo
Published: April 2020

In order to understand the role of contemporary journalism and the media system it is vital to consider consumers’ relationship with news content in terms of trust and perception of dubious content. This analysis is particularly relevant in a context where intense flows of information raise serious questions about individual ability to interpret, validate, and reproduce content. This analysis explores a news literacy scale used by Maskl et al. (2015) and Fletcher (in Newman et al., 2018) to investigate the links between news literacy profiles and their relationship with content, with particular focus on illegitimate/doubtful news pieces. Results suggest individuals with higher news literacy tend to trust news in general but not when content originates in social media. Higher literacy profiles are also associated with increased concern regarding online content legitimacy. These conclusions are particularly relevant in the currently volatile media sphere, highly dependent on a substantially informed public to ensure the legitimacy and importance of journalistic content and to distinguish it from other kinds of content flooding communication networks. These efforts depend not only on the journalistic sphere but also on democratic systems themselves as they rely on a well-informed public to guarantee a healthy and inclusive debate.
Politicians or influencers? Twitter profiles of Pablo Iglesias and Albert Rivera in the Spanish general elections of 20-D and 26-J
Authors: Suau-Gomila Guillem , Pont-Sorribes Carles , Pedraza-Jiménez Rafael
Published: April 2020

The Spanish general elections of 20 December 2015 and 26 June 2016, which can be understood as an electoral continuum, were notable for being the first case of a repeated election in Spain’s history, the consequence of the difficulty in forming a government due to the emergence of two new political forces, Podemos and Ciudadanos, led by Pablo Iglesias and Albert Rivera, respectively. We analysed the Twitter communications of these political leaders in both election campaigns using quantitative and qualitative research techniques, we also compare the overall results with the results of the Top Discussion Indicator (TDI). The main objectives of the study were: a) to determine the degree of influence and the ability to create community of both political leaders; b) to identify strategic communication differences between the two leaders and changes between the two campaigns; and c) to investigate the interconnections between their Twitter profiles and media profiles (mainly Spanish newspapers and TV channels). Our findings indicate that issues linked to their own campaigns were the most discussed by these politicians. It is noted that political leaders have little capacity to influence beyond their own community on Twitter, in this sense, hybridization with traditional media and, in particular, with television helps to penetrate beyond the digital sphere. In addition, it was found that Pablo Iglesias and Albert Rivera interacted most with Atresmedia and Prisa group media.
The far-right’s influence on Twitter during the 2018 Andalusian elections: an approach through political leaders
Authors: Rivas-de-Roca Rubén , García-Gordillo Mar , Bezunartea-Valencia Ofa
Published: April 2020

New technologies allow politicians to spread their messages omitting the role of mediators. In this context, the Internet has also promoted the emergence of a new actor, digital opinion leaders, who go beyond traditional politics and seek to set the public agenda. One of the main questions nowadays is whether social media, and in particular Twitter as a consolidated tool for political communication, is only used as a sounding board for their political statements, spurring the messages of populist forces. With this in mind, the main objective of this research is to explore the influence of the far-right in the public debate of political leaders on Twitter, analyzing the specific case of the Andalusian regional elections held in December 2018. These elections can be considered a political turning point, with an extreme right party winning seats in a Spanish regional election for the first time in 35 years. In this paper we analyze if Vox used a differentiated strategy via this social network compared to the candidates of the traditional parties: PSOE, PP, Ciudadanos, and Adelante Andalucía. Using content analysis on Twitter as a method, this research determines how Vox candidates worked as influencers of the digital political debate, despite being extra-parliamentary. Vox marked the agenda for the rest of the leaders, while generating great expectation among the audience.
Brexit and female leadership in Spanish digital media from a linguistic perspective. The case of Theresa May’s decline
Authors: Arrieta-Castillo Carolina , Berdasco-Gancedo Yolanda
Published: April 2020

The United Kingdom’s departure from the European Union (broadly known as Brexit) is one of the most outstanding historical events of the 21st Century to date. Two major figures have led this process politically: Theresa May and Boris Johnson, the two Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom since 2016. This paper, however, focuses on the former, as she is a female politician in a controversial situation, and thus the way she is presented can serve an example of how women in power are represented by the media. This research was designed with the aim of discovering the roles attributed to Theresa May by Spanish digital media throughout this process. The fact that people in Spain are becoming deeply concerned with women’s advances in society was motivated the desire to test how Spanish media represent female leaders, such as May. To complete this study, fifty-four publications from three different Spanish digital media leaders of audience (El Mundo, El País and El Español) were taken as a reference. The methodological procedure used was Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), based on semantic relationships, and although some comparisons between relative and absolute frequencies were made, the general approach is basically qualitative. Through this analysis, it has been discovered that Theresa May is presented in a different way depending on the remaining characters, usually masculine, who participate in the action. These differences are mainly observable between those articles in which May relates to her European counterparts and those in which she deals with her British colleagues.
Analyzing the communicative strategies of Egyptian political influencers: content and discourse analyses of Twitter accounts
Authors: Abdulmajeed Maha , El-Ibiary Rasha
Published: April 2020

The advantages of social media platforms as interactive information sources raise the importance of examining how they are used by political digital opinion leaders to influence public perceptions. Twitter, especially, played a major role in Egypt’s January 25 revolution facilitating news dissemination, public discussions and debates. Analyzing the communicative strategies of two Egyptian political influencers –Ammar Ali Hassan and Ezzedine Fishere– ten years after Egypt’s political change, and the role they play in public discourse through their Twitter accounts, this research offers an overview of the current role played by Egyptian digital political influencers in influencing public opinion. Focusing on the content and discourse of their tweets for two months, October and November 2019, the digital political influencers were selected based on the number of followers divided by the amount of interactivity on their tweets, such as retweets and favorites. The unit of analysis is the tweet that received the largest amount of interactivity. Results showed that both influencers had a unidirectional opinion strategy. While Hassan’s tweets, @ammaralihassan, seemed purposeless, not yielding any clear and valuable content to the reader, Fishere, @FishereEzzedine, was more outspoken and clearer in his communicative strategy, using evidence in defending human rights in Egypt and the Arab World. The analysis indicated more fact-based tweets by Fishere, who seems to play a more significant role in his communication network, despite minimal interaction.
Naturaleza humana y diferencia sexual
Authors: Conderana-Cerrillo Jesús-Manuel
Published: April 2020

La prohibición del incesto en sentido estricto figura entre los universales éticos más claros, pues es aceptado por todas las culturas conocidas. Algunas interpretaciones colocan el incesto como fundamento de la distinción entre sexo y género. Posiciones antropológicamente reduccionistas desacreditan esta distinción. Tampoco nosotros la aceptamos, pero por razones basadas en una noción muy diferente de «naturaleza humana», que no puede ser entendida solamente como «lo biológicamente dado». Por eso proponemos recuperar el concepto teleológico de naturaleza en el que la referencia al bien y a la verdad permite integrar la dimensión corporal y espiritual de la persona en orden a la plenitud humana.
La constitucionalidad de la LO 1/2014 relativa a la jurisdicción universal
Authors: Vázquez-Serrano Irene
Published: April 2020

El Tribunal Constitucional resolvió a finales de 2018 el recurso de inconstitucionalidad que había sido presentado contra la Ley Orgánica 1/2014 de modificación de la jurisdicción universal. Tras un análisis de los diversos motivos, materiales y formales, el tribunal ha declarado la constitucionalidad de la reforma así como la existencia de un modelo constitucional de aplicación extraterritorial de la jurisdicción penal española.
Observaciones de una amica curiae en el caso Al-Bashir ante la Corte Penal Internacional
Authors: Gamarra Yolanda
Published: April 2020

Este trabajo expone mi experiencia como amica curiae en el caso Al-Bashir ante la Corte Penal In­ternacional (CPI). La presentación de observaciones sobre cuestiones de interés ante la Sala de Apelaciones de la CPI fue una excelente oportunidad para reflexionar sobre di­ferentes problemas que afectan al derecho internacional contemporáneo, en particular: (i) el conflicto de fuentes entre el Estatuto de Roma y tratados y costumbres inter­nacionales sobre inmunidades; ii) la cooperación vertical requerida por el Consejo de Seguridad de Naciones Uni­das (NU) a todos los Estados con respecto a la detención y entrega de Al-Bashir de conformidad con el artículo 89 del Estatuto, y iii) las obligaciones internacionales deriva­das del Estatuto de Roma y la Resolución 1593 (2005) del Consejo de Seguridad de NU y sus obligaciones en virtud de otras convenciones bilaterales o multilaterales.
Quevedo y la cuestión de las emociones
Authors: Checa Jorge
Published: April 2020

Este artículo compara y contrasta distintas actitudes de Quevedo con respecto a la dimensión emocional de los seres humanos, concentrándose en varios poemas y en algunos tratados filosóficos y morales. El principal punto de referencia será la intensa y problemática relación del autor y el estoicismo clásico, en la que la admiración hacia figuras como Séneca y Epicteto debe coexistir con el rechazo agustiniano de la apatía estoica. Tal coexistencia produce evidentes tensiones en la obra de Quevedo, cuya defensa de la distancia y el autodominio afectivos entra en fricción con la exhortación a usar virtuosamente las emociones susceptibles de contribuir a nuestra salvación eterna. La poesía devocional de Quevedo va más allá de las perspectivas estoicas y neoestoicas sobre las emociones. Aquí Quevedo propone lo que podría calificarse como una inversión económica de las pasiones pecaminosas, con la esperanza de obtener sabiduría moral y arrepentimiento a través de la dolorosa experiencia del desengaño.
Using Herbicides to Restore Native Species and Improve Habitat on Rangelands and Wildlands
Authors: Clark Shannon L.
Published: April 2020

Invasive winter annual grasses are one of the largest threats to the arid and semiarid rangelands and wildlands in the Intermountain West of North America. The most impactful species include downy brome (Bromus tectorum), medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae), ventenata
(Ventenata dubia), and to a lesser extent Japanese brome (Bromus japonicus), feral rye (Secale cereale), and jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica). These winter annuals can germinate in the fall, winter or early spring, exploiting soil moisture and nutrients before
native plant communities begin active growth in the spring. These characteristics impart a competitive advantage in the perennial grass dominated natural landscapes of the Intermountain West. Downy brome, a winter annual grass native to Eurasia, is the most widespread invasive species in the
western US covering an estimated 22 million ha and a projected 14% annual spread rate. Invasive winter annuals negatively impact these ecosystems by depleting soil moisture and nutrients, reducing native plant productivity and diversity, altering fire frequency, and diminishing pollinator
and wildlife habitat. Large amounts of litter which act as a fuel source are left after these grasses senesce early in the summer, greatly increasing the frequency and spread of wildfires in invaded areas. Historically, fire frequency in the 41 million ha sagebrush steppe occurred every 60
to 110 years, but this interval has been shortened to less than every five years since the introduction of invasive annual grasses. Annual grasses quickly (re)invade after these fires while sagebrush (Artemisia spp.), the dominant vegetation type in the sagebrush steppe, can take decades
to recover. Therefore, the altered fire regime has resulted in a substantial loss of sagebrush and converted millions of hectares into monocultures of winter annual grass. This altered fire regime also negatively impacted the abundance of small mammals, birds, larger browsing mammals, and
pollinating insects in the sagebrush steppe. Managing the weed seedbank is the key to long-term control of invasive winter annual grasses on rangelands and wildlands. Past herbicides have provided adequate short-term control but have often failed due to annual grasses reinvading from the soil
seedbank. Indaziflam is a new tool for land managers to achieve multi-year control of the annual grass seedbank while promoting restoration of native species. As wildlife and pollinator habitat continue to be degraded and fragmented through development and agricultural production, indaziflam
is a viable option for restoring the rangelands and wildlands impacted by winter annual grasses in the Intermountain West that serve as critical habitat areas.
Coconstrução do apego no primeiro semestre de vida: o papel do outro nessa constituição
Authors: Neder Kaira , Ferreira Ludmilla D. M. P. , Amorim Katia de Souza
Published: April 2020

Resumo A sobrevida do bebê humano é possibilitada pelo sistema de apego, na medida em que ele busca proximidade, emitindo comportamentos mediadores em direção a uma figura que lhe proporciona segurança. Reflexões provindas da existência de uma intersubjetividade inata e evidências de habilidades mais refinadas do que se conhecia à época da formulação da teoria de Bowlby levaram à hipótese de que o comportamento de apego pode ser observado antes do proposto por esse autor. Empreendeu-se um estudo de caso, em que se analisaram videogravações do primeiro semestre de vida de Marina. Selecionaram-se e analisaram-se microgeneticamente episódios de comportamento diferencial do bebê com seus cuidadores antes dos seis meses de idade; e mapearam-se os comportamentos mediadores com cada cuidador. O comportamento diferencial com uma figura discriminada foi visualizado já aos três meses de vida. Discutiram-se os processos dialógicos e culturais que repercutiram na seleção da mãe como figura de apego.
Gene stacking as a strategy to confer characteristics of agronomic importance in plants by genetic engineering
Authors: Ceccon Cássia Canzi , Caverzan Andréia , Margis Rogerio , Salvadori José Roberto , Grando Magali Ferrari
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT: Gene stacking refers to the introduction of two or more transgenes of agronomic interest in the same plant. The main methods for genetically engineering plants with gene stacking involve (i) the simultaneous introduction, by the co-transformation process, and (ii) the sequential introduction of genes using the re-transformation processes or the sexual crossing between separate transgenic events. In general, the choice of the best method varies according to the species of interest and the availability of genetic constructions and preexisting transgenic events. We also present here the use of minichromosome technology as a potential future gene stacking technology. The purpose of this review was to discuss aspects related to the methodology for gene stacking and trait stacking (a gene stacking strategy to combine characteristics of agronomical importance) by genetic engineering. In addition, we presented a list of crops and genes approved commercially that have been used in stacking strategies for combined characteristics and a discussion about the regulatory standards. An increased number of approved and released gene stacking events reached the market in the last decade. Initially, the most common combined characteristics were herbicide tolerance and insect resistance in soybean and maize. Recently, commercially available varieties were released combining these traits with drought tolerance in these commodities. New traits combinations are reaching the farmer’s fields, including higher quality, disease resistant and nutritional value improved. In other words, gene stacking is growing as a strategy to contribute to food safety and sustainability.
Genomic characterization of Canine circovirus detected in a dog with intermittent hemorrhagic gastroenteritis in Brazil
Authors: Cruz Taís Fukuta , Batista Thiago Neves , Vieira Ester Mariane , Portela Luiz Marcos Frediani , Baccarin Amanda Mahnke , Gradiz Jéssica Jehle , Araújo Junior João Pessoa
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT: Because Canine circovirus (CanineCV) is a new species of the genus Circovirus, several issues related to its epidemiology, pathogenesis and clinical disease remain unknown. Thus, this study aimed to perform the characterization of the first complete genome sequence of CanineCV detected in a dog with diarrhea in Brazil. A stool sample was collected of a ten-month-old female German Shepherd dog which had signs of intermittent hemorrhagic gastroenteritis, vomiting, and a history of eating raw pork. The complete CanineCV genome was sequenced by Next-Generation Sequencing. The sequence had 2,063 nucleotides, showed a typical genomic organization for circovirus, and was grouped with strain 214 described in the United States by phylogenetic analysis. One amino acid change was found in the replicase protein, and because of that it was considered unique to CanineCV. Therefore, the characterization of the complete genome of Brazilian CanineCV can be used in future studies of molecular epidemiology, pathogenesis and development of diagnostic tools for the prevention and control of this disease.
Análise Microestrutural e Cristalográfica da Fratura de Corpos de Prova de Impacto Charpy-V da Região de Grãos Grosseiros da ZAC Simulada de Aço TMCPa
Authors: Borba Tadeu Messias Donizete , Santos Odair José dos , Modenesi Paulo José
Published: April 2020

Resumo: Nesse trabalho investigou-se a fratura de corpos de prova de impacto Charpy-V da região de grãos grosseiros da zona afetada pelo calor (GGZAC) de dois aços de 355 MPa de limite de escoamento. Um dos aços foi produzido por laminação controlada seguida de resfriamento acelerado (TMCP – Thermomechanical Controlled Process) e outro por laminação convencional seguida por tratamento térmico de normalização. As GGZACs estudadas foram produzidas em condições de soldagem de elevado aporte térmico através da simulação termomecânica no equipamento Gleeble. As análises foram efetuadas em seção transversal ao plano de fratura dos corpos de prova, utilizando técnicas de microscopias óptica e eletrônica de varredura com detector de difração de elétrons retroespalhados (EBSD – Electron Backscatter Diffraction) acoplado. Foi observado que o tamanho de grão, próximo à fratura, da austenita prévia do aço TMCP foi consideravelmente menor do que o do aço convencional e que a unidade de fratura por clivagem relacionou-se a estruturas de menor dimensão, presentes internamente ao grão austenítico. Por meio de EBSD, verificou-se que o aço TMCP apresentou uma densidade superior de contornos de grão de alto ângulo e pacotes cristalográficos menores quando comparado com o aço convencional, fatores esses que favorecem a resistência ao impacto Charpy-V do material. Essas características podem estar associadas ao efeito de ancoramento do grão austenítico por precipitados coerentes de TiN.
Soldagem Dissimilar da Liga de Alumínio 5052 H34 e do Aço SAE 1020 pelo Processo Hybrid Friction Stir Welding Assistido por Plasma: Análise da Resistência Mecânica, do Desgaste da Ferramenta e dos Esforços de Soldagem
Authors: Cota Bruno Silva , Bracarense Alexandre Queiroz
Published: April 2020

Resumo: Esta pesquisa tratou da primeira aplicação do processo Hybrid Friction Stir Welding na soldagem dissimilar alumínio-aço com a utilização de uma fonte de pré-aquecimento por plasma. Um dos benefícios em se utilizar o pré-aquecimento da junta é a possibilidade de coalescer o material e reduzir sua resistência mecânica, viabilizando assim a utilização de ferramentas fabricadas em aço, além de tornar a mistura mais eficiente por meio da introdução da ferramenta diretamente na interface de soldagem (Offset igual a zero). Nesta pesquisa, foram realizadas juntas soldadas a topo do aço carbono SAE 1020 e da liga de alumínio 5052 H34 com 3 mm de espessura utilizando um cabeçote desenvolvido especialmente para essa aplicação, que foi adaptado a um robô antropomórfico COMAU NJ5000 de 6 graus de liberdade e capacidade de 500 kg. O pré-aquecimento das amostras foi realizado pela adaptação de uma máquina de corte a plasma, em que a temperatura e a corrente foram variadas em: 0 °C (sem pré-aquecimento), 250 °C (40 A), 350 °C (50 A) e 450 °C (60 A). O deslocamento da ferramenta (offset) foi variado em zero e -2,5 mm. Foi identificado o aumento da resistência mecânica das juntas com o aumento da temperatura de pré-aquecimento. Quando a temperatura de pré-aquecimento foi de 450 °C houve o aumento de aproximadamente 111% da resistência mecânica quando comparado ao processo sem pré-aquecimento. Foi verificado também a redução dos esforços de soldagem e do desgaste da ferramenta com o aumento da temperatura de pré-aquecimento.
DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE RENDA, CRESCIMENTO ECONÔMICO E MUDANÇA ESTRUTURAL NA TRADIÇÃO DO ESTRUTURALISMO LATINO-AMERICANO: UMA SISTEMATIZAÇÃO EM QUATRO MOMENTOS
Authors: Vergnhanini Rodrigo , Biancarelli André Martins
Published: April 2020

RESUMO O artigo investiga contribuições da literatura estruturalista latino-americana com relação às dinâmicas internas entre crescimento, mudança estrutural e distribuição de renda. A partir da análise da literatura primária e secundária, reúne as contribuições em quatro importantes “momentos”: (i) “insuficiência dinâmica”; (ii) “estilos de desenvolvimento”; (iii) “transformação produtiva com equidade”; e (iv) “abordagem integrada”. Em termos conclusivos, o artigo destaca três lições para a análise do desenvolvimento hoje: do ponto de vista teórico, a suposição de relativa autonomia entre os determinantes do crescimento, distribuição de renda e estrutura produtiva; do ponto de vista analítico, a importância da consideração conjunta dessas dimensões num corpo analítico amplo, que seja capaz de considerar diferentes possibilidades ou “estilos” de desenvolvimento econômico; e, do ponto de vista normativo, a defesa de “estilos” que sejam socialmente desejáveis e que possam orientar a atuação das políticas econômicas.
Vídeo com Pacientes Virtuais na Avaliação do Conhecimento dos Internos de Medicina sobre Cefaleias
Authors: Bastos Mariana Cota , Vilela Rosana Quintella Brandão , Canuto Ângela Maria Moreira
Published: April 2020

Resumo: Introdução: As Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais enfatizam que os currículos médicos devem se basear nas necessidades de saúde da população. Por entender que a cefaleia é um problema de saúde pública, ela deve estar entre as competências exigidas para a atuação profissional em nível da atenção primária. Assim, a avaliação do ensino das cefaleias na graduação de Medicina é fundamental. O objetivo do trabalho é apresentar uma metodologia inovadora de avaliação que utiliza vídeo com personagens virtuais para avaliar o conhecimento dos estudantes de Medicina sobre as cefaleias. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, quantitativa, em que o conhecimento dos internos de Medicina de uma universidade pública federal foi avaliado por meio de casos clínicos com pacientes virtuais. Os dados foram analisados de acordo com as categorias a priori: 1. diagnóstico da cefaleia, 2. tratamento agudo da cefaleia, 3. tratamento profilático da cefaleia e 4. necessidade de exames complementares ou avaliação com especialista. Resultados: Dentre os 155 estudantes matriculados no internato, 31 participaram da pesquisa. A análise mostrou que apenas 16,13% identificaram a enxaqueca crônica, 93,55% reconheceram os sinais de alarme para a cefaleia secundária e 96,77% diagnosticaram a cefaleia tensional. No tratamento da fase aguda da enxaqueca, as classes mais prescritas foram os anti-inflamatórios e analgésicos simples. No caso da cefaleia secundária, de etiologia infecciosa, a maioria (69,56%) prescreveu antibioticoterapia empírica. Com relação à terapia profilática, 87,09% a indicaram na enxaqueca e apenas 29,03%, na cefaleia tensional. Na indicação de exames complementares, 77,42% não a consideraram adequada na enxaqueca, enquanto 77,42% indicaram o estudo do líquido cefalorraquidiano na cefaleia secundária. A maioria dos estudantes solicitou parecer da neurologia para a cefaleia secundária e não o solicitaram na cefaleia tensional. A ferramenta avaliativa foi eficaz na avaliação do conhecimento sobre cefaleia. A utilização de vídeos com pacientes virtuais é uma ferramenta útil na avaliação do conhecimento sobre cefaleias. Conclusões: Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que existem lacunas no diagnóstico e manejo das cefaleias durante a graduação de Medicina da universidade estudada, e, por isso, é imperativa a definição de uma matriz de competências mínimas para o ensino, no Brasil, da cefaleia na graduação de Medicina.
Fruit Fly, Drosophila melanogaster, as an In Vivo Tool to Study the Biological Effects of Proton Irradiation
Authors: Nakajima Koichiro , Gao TianXiang , Kume Kazuhiko , Iwata Hiromitsu , Hirai Shuichi , Omachi Chihiro , Tomita Jun , Ogino Hiroyuki , Naito Munekazu , Shibamoto Yuta
Published: April 2020

The clinical superiority of proton therapy over photon therapy has recently gained recognition; however, the biological effects of proton therapy remain poorly understood. The lack of in vivo evidence is especially important. Therefore, the goal of this study was to validate the usefulness of Drosophila melanogaster as an alternative tool in proton radiobiology. To determine whether the comparative biological effects of protons and X rays are detectable in Drosophila, we assessed their influence on survival and mRNA expression. Postirradiation observation revealed that protons inhibited their development and reduced the overall survival rates more effectively than X rays. The relative biological effectiveness of the proton beams compared to the X rays estimated from the 50% lethal doses was 1.31. At 2 or 24 h postirradiation, mRNA expression analysis demonstrated that the expression patterns of several genes (such as DNA-repair-, apoptosis- and angiogenesis-related genes) followed different time courses depending on radiation type. Moreover, our trials suggested that the knockdown of individual genes by the GAL4/UAS system changes the radiosensitivity in a radiation type-specific manner. We confirmed this Drosophila model to be considerably useful to evaluate the findings from in vitro studies in an in vivo system. Furthermore, this model has a potential to elucidate more complex biological mechanisms underlying proton irradiation.
Influence of failure mechanism on seismic bearing capacity factors for shallow foundations near slopes
Authors: Yang Shangchuan , Leshchinsky Ben , Cui Kai , Zhang Fei , Gao Yufeng
Published: April 2020

The bearing capacity of shallow foundations may decrease when located near slopes, particularly under seismic conditions. However, there is limited work that isolates the destabilising influences of seismicity and finite slope geometry on ultimate bearing capacity in terms of conventional bearing capacity factors. Herein, analytical solutions based on upper-bound kinematic limit analysis are used to isolate both the mechanism of failure and bearing capacity factors (Nc, Nγ and Nq) for shallow foundations near slopes subject to seismic action without using principles of superposition. The analytical solutions of ultimate seismic bearing capacity show good agreement and accuracy compared with numerical results. Seismic bearing capacity factors are assessed considering transitions in failure mechanism, soil properties and finite configurations of slope and footing geometry. The results presented demonstrate significant non-linearity in bearing capacity factors that have not been previously demonstrated, primarily owing to the transition in governing mechanism with geometry, shear strength or seismic loading. This study shows that the isolation of bearing capacity factors without superposition is possible considering slope and footing geometry, and is greatly influenced by the failure mechanism.
Sesbilgisel Farkındalık Öğretiminin, Erken Okuryazarlık Becerilerinin Gelişimine Etkisi
Authors: GÖKKUŞ İclal , AKYOL Hayati
Published: April 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı, sesbilgisel farkındalık öğretiminin, ilkokul birinci sınıf öğrencilerinin erken okuryazarlık becerilerinin (sesbilgisel farkındalık, yazı farkındalığı ve kelime bilgisi) gelişimine olan etkisini belirlemektir. Ön test- son test kontrol gruplu yarı deneysel desende planlanan araştırma, 24 deney; 23 kontrol grubu olmak üzere 47 ilkokul birinci sınıf öğrencisi ile yapılmıştır. Çalışma grubundaki öğrencilere, Ses Bilgisi Farkındalık Ölçeği, Fonolojik Farkındalık Ölçeği, Yazı Farkındalığını Değerlendirme Kontrol Listesi ve Peabody Resim Kelime Testi deneysel işlem öncesinde ve sonrasında uygulanmıştır. Deney grubundaki çocuklara, sesbilgisel farkındalık öğretimi, sekiz hafta boyunca uygulanarak deneysel işlem gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucunda, uygulanan sesbilgisel farkındalık öğretiminin, erken okuryazarlık becerilerinin gelişiminde yüksek düzeyde bir etkiye sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Max-Neef en die strukturele kwesbaarheid van dagloners in Mbombela en Emalahleni, Suid-Afrika
Authors: Schenck R , Blaauw D , Matthee M
Published: April 2020

Binne die konteks van die groterwordende werkloosheid en armoede in Suid-Afrika is dit belangrik om die kwesbaarheid van persone wat 'n lewe probeer maak in die informele sektor te bepaal, sodat ondersteunende beleid en strukture in plek gestel kan word. Die doel van die artikel was om die strukturele kwesbaarheid van dagloners te ondersoek deur n vergelyking te tref tussen twee gevallestudies. Dagloners in Emalahleni, 'n sosiaal-ekonomies kwynende myngemeenskap, en die meer sosiaal-ekonomies stabiele hoofstad Mbombela, in die provinsie Mpumalanga in Suid-Afrika, is hiervoor gebruik. Honderd-en-tien (110) vraelyste is voltooi met dagloners in die twee stede, die data is ontleed en die resultate met mekaar vergelyk. Max-Neef se fundamentele menslike behoefte (FMB)-matriks is gebruik om die multidimen-sionele analises te maak, te orden en te beskryf. Die resultate het duidelik aangedui dat die dagloners in Emalahleni meer struktureel kwesbaar is as die dagloners in Mbombela, met minder ondersteuningsisteme tot hul beskikking. Maatskaplike diensprofessies sal ernstige aandag daaraan moet skenk om veiligheidsnette te ontwikkel vir werkloses, beleid te formuleer wat werks- en inkomstemoontlikhede kan open en gesindhede en perspektiewe te verander van diegene wat hul bestaan in die informele sektor maak.
Die veranderende wêreld van Afrikaanse drama-vertalings en -verwerkings: Enkele opmerkings
Authors: Keuris M
Published: April 2020

n Historiese oorsig van die rol wat vertaling (asook verwerking) binne die Afrikaanse drama-en teatertradisie gespeel het - en nog steeds speel - kan onmoontlik gegee word in die bestek van n enkele artikel. Daarvoor is die omvang van n doktorale studie waarskynlik nodig - of selfs van verskeie studies. In hierdie artikel lig ek slegs enkele aspekte uit wat my opval binne hierdie tradisie: (1) Die groot rol wat dramavertalings gespeel het in die vroegste vestiging van n Europese teater in Suid-Afrika waaruit die Engelse en Afrikaanse toneeltradisies ontstaan en ontwikkel het; (2) Die duidelike verbintenis tussen Afrikaanse dramavertalings en -verwerkings met die ontwikkeling van die Afrikaanse taal (van sy vroegste jare af tot met sy vestiging as amptelike taal in 1925 en die dekades daarna, asook tydens die hoogbloei van Afrikanernasionalisme in die vyftiger- tot tagtigerjare van die 20ste eeu); en (3) Die skuif binne hierdie toneeltradisie van konvensionele dramavertalings (vanaf aanvanklik binne streng beperkings tot meer vrye vertalings) na die huidige tendens van verwerking, herwerking en herskepping van die bronteks binne n nuwe sosio-kulturele raamwerk tot n nuwe drama- en/of teaterteks in die periode na 1994. In die bespreking word verskeie bekende voorbeelde van dramavertalings en hulle vertalers gegee, terwyl ook uitgewys word dat dit dikwels vertaalde dramas was wat by luisterryke geleenthede (byvoorbeeld die inwyding van teaters - selfs die Pretoria Staatsteater in 1981) opgevoer is. Die gebruik van vertaalde werk is egter nie uniek tot die Suid-Afrikaanse situasie nie en mens vind eintlik regoor die wêreld soortgelyke praktyke. Ook Afrikaanse dramas word vertaal en oorsee opgevoer (byvoorbeeld die werk van Reza de Wet). In elke periode gee ek ook n aanduiding van hoe teaterpraktisyns dramavertalings en -verwerkings benader het. Hierbenewens verwys ek in hierdie besprekings na bepaalde teoretiese insigte van kontemporêre navorsers (onder andere Aaltonen, Mueller-Vollmer en Pavis) in die veld van dramavertaling om te demonstreer hoe elke periode geleidelik die teorie en praktyk van dramavertaling ontwikkel het in Afrikaans.
AAU-nCoV-2019_Tailed_Long_Amplicon_Sequncing v2
Authors: Aarre Sorensen Emil , M. Karst Søren , Knutsson Simon
Published: April 2020

This protocol describes the preparation of long read amplicon libraries of nCoV-2019 for sequencing with the Oxford Nanopore MinION platform. The protocol is based on samples of rRNA extracts of the nCoV-2019 virus. Sequences for primers can be found under guidelines, currently using V3.1 from CJ020. The protocol is based on the ARTIC Networks nCoV-2019 sequencing protocol and modified to our lab at Aalborg Univeristy. https://www.protocols.io/view/ncov-2019-sequencing-protocol-bbmuik6w
SILICONE INDUCED GRANULOMA OF BREAST IMPLANT CAPSULE v1
Authors: Fleury Eduardo
Published: April 2020

Objective: To evaluate the ability of BMRI to detect silicone gel bleeding in a prospective observational study including consecutive patients referred for a BMRI scan. Methods: From January 2017 until now, patients referred for BMRI were evaluated in a prospective observational study. Patients who had breast implants were included. BMRI recorded 9 findings according to BI-RADS lexicon and SIGBIC findings, considered equivocal features to detect gel bleeding (GB). Three new original imaging features were added for SIGBIC diagnosis: black drop signal; T2* hypersignal mass; and delayed contrast enhancement, considered as irrevocable signs. The presence of silicones corpuscles was confirmed by percutaneous biopsy or surgical capsulectomy. The accuracy of BMRI SIGBIC findings to predict GB was determined. We also used univariate analysis for the equivocal features for GB diagnosis. The Backward method was applied for a multivariate Logistic Regression model for the equivocal features.
Beyond Sex/Work: Understanding Work and Identity of Female Sex Workers in South China
Authors: Ding Yu
Published: April 2020

While scholars and activists often advocate using the term ‘sex worker’ in preference to prostitute, in my research I found that female prostitutes in the Pearl River Delta area, south China, do not like to be addressed as such, and prefer the title xiaojie in Chinese. ‘Sex worker’ generalises the heterogeneity of meanings these women identify and attribute to what they do; it does not capture the complex cultural meanings involved in the term xiaojie. It is stigmatising in that what is exchanged within the transaction is less defined by sexual acts and more by a diversified range of activities. The women employ what is useful to them and infuse new meanings in it to construct gender images and identities to resist the sex worker stigma and to express their desires as rural-to-urban migrants. Using xiaojie becomes a destigmatising and gender tactic. I also found that the women discard the idea of finding alternative jobs partly because of the practical difficulty, and partly because they do not want to work (gongzuo) any more in the future. This study highlights the importance of exploring desire and agency to understand the lived experiences of this particular group of women.
Left Behind? Migration Stories of Two Women in Rural China
Authors: Fan C. Cindy , Chen Chen
Published: April 2020

Women being left behind in the countryside by husbands who migrate to work has been a common phenomenon in China. On the other hand, over time, rural women’s participation in migration has increased precipitously, many doing so after their children are older, and those of a younger generation tend to start migrant work soon after finishing school. Although these women may no longer be left behind physically, their work, mobility, circularity, and frequency of return continue to be governed by deep-rooted gender ideology that defines their role primarily as caregivers. Through the biographical stories of two rural women in Anhui, this article shows that traditional gender norms persist across generations. Yingyue is of an older generation and provided care to her husband, children, and later grandchildren when she was left behind, when she participated in migration, and when she returned to her village. Shuang is 30 years younger and aspires to urban lifestyle such as living in apartments and using daycare for her young children. Yet, like Yingyue, Shuang’s priority is caregiving. Her decisions, which are in tandem with her parents-in-law, highlight how Chinese families stick together as a safety net. Her desire to earn wages, an activity much constrained by her caregiving responsibility to two young children, illustrates a strong connection between income-generation ability and identity among women of the younger generation. These two stories underscore the importance of examining how women are left behind not only physically but in their access to opportunities such as education and income-generating activity.
Privileged Daughters? Gendered Mobility among Highly Educated Chinese Female Migrants in the UK
Authors: Tu Mengwei , Xie Kailing
Published: April 2020

The one-child generation daughters born to middle-class Chinese parents enjoy the privilege of concentrated family resources and the opportunity for education overseas. We focus on the “privileged daughters” who have studied abroad and remained overseas as professionals. Using three cases of post-student female migrants who were of different ages and at different life stages, we situate their socioeconomic mobility in the context of intergenerational relationships and transnational social space. Drawing on further interview data from the same project we argue that, although the “privileged daughters” have achieved geographical mobility and upward social mobility, through education and a career in a Western country, their life choices remain heavily influenced by their parents in China. Such findings highlight the transnationally transferred gendered burden among the relatively “elite” cohort, thus revealing a more nuanced gendered interpretation of transnational socioeconomic mobility.
Left Behind? The Status of Women in Contemporary China
Authors: Walker Robert , Millar Jane
Published: April 2020

The status of women in China has deteriorated markedly since 2006 relative to other countries, according to the World Economic Forum Gender Gap Index. Taking a longer view, the position of women has greatly improved since the founding of the People’s Republic of China but, after the ‘opening up’ of the economy, the logic of the market and the legacy of patriarchy have worked to the detriment of women. After briefly reviewing trends in China’s economic, demographic and social development, this editorial follows the structure of the thematic issue in focusing on the processes which may have caused women to slip behind. Socio-economic and political factors are considered first before focusing on the impact of unprecedently large scale migration. The circumstances and experiences of women ‘left outside’ mainstream society are explored next before reflecting on the lives of women left behind in poverty.
Kimya Öğretmenlerinin Alan Eğitimi Bilgisi Temelinde Öğretim Programı Bilgilerinin Fiziksel ve Kimyasal Değişimler Konusu Kapsamında İncelenmesi
Authors: ŞEN Ayse Zeynep , NAKİBOĞLU Canan
Published: April 2020

Alan eğitimi bilgisi (AEB), öğretmenlerin bir şeyi
öğretme konusunda sahip oldukları bilgidir ve farklı alt bileşenleri
bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan biri, bu araştırmanın da odak noktası olan öğretim
programı bilgisidir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, deneyimli kimya öğretmenlerinin öğretim
programı bilgisini dokuzuncu sınıf kimya dersi öğretim programı bağlamında
incelemektir. Araştırma durum çalışması modeline göre tasarlanmış ve
katılımcılar farklı öğretim deneyimlerine sahip dört kimya öğretmenidir.
Veriler; gözlem, görüşme ve ders planı ile toplanmış ve daha sonra içerik
analizine göre analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonunda, katılımcıların
dokuzuncu sınıf kimya dersi öğretim programının felsefesinin kısmen farkında
oldukları söylenebilir. Bunların yarısı öğretim programının felsefesinin günlük
yaşam ile kimya kavramları arasında bir ilişki kurmak olduğunu, geri kalanı ise
kimyaya giriş olarak algıladığını ifade etmiştir. Ek olarak, katılımcıların
fiziksel ve kimyasal değişimler (FKD) konusundaki kazanım ve açıklamaları
belirlemeleri istendiğinde, sadece bir öğretmenin programda yer alan kazanımı
yazdığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Diğer öğretmenlerden ikisi kazanımı programdan
almak yerine kendileri yeni bir kazanım yazmışlardır.  Son olarak, katılımcıların FKD’nin öğretiminde
ders planına yazdıkları kazanım ve açıklamaları ne derece gerçekleştirdikleri
incelendiğinde katılımcıların bu kazanım ve açıklamalar ışığında konunun
öğretimini gerçekleştirdikleri söylenebilir.