bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lyα Absorption in a “Croissant-like” Heliosphere
Authors: Powell Erick , Opher Merav , Kornbleuth Marc Z. , Baliukin Igor , Michael Adam T. , Wood Brian E. , Izmodenov Vladislav , Toth Gabor , Tenishev Valeriy
Published: January 2024

Lyα absorption profiles have been used to detect astrospheres and heliospheric absorption from the hydrogen wall and heliotail. Using magnetohydrodynamic models of the heliosphere, we can compare simulated to observed Lyα profiles to probe the neutral hydrogen within and near the heliosphere. There is an ongoing controversy whether the heliosphere has a long “comet-like” tail or a short “croissant-like” tail. Here we present the first Lyα absorption investigation using a croissant-like heliosphere. With identical boundary conditions we compare the BU model, which presents a croissant-like tail, and the Moscow model, which presents a comet-like tail. The BU and Moscow models present nearly identical Lyα profiles toward nose targets (α Cen and 36 Oph). Differences in Lyα profiles are shown toward the tail target (HD 35296). Despite the shortened heliotail of the croissant model, significant downwind heliosheath absorption is seen, just 5% shallower and shifted by 4 km s−1. This implies that an extended tail model is not required to reproduce the heliosheath Lyα absorption observations. Finer observation gratings may be able to resolve this shift. Additionally, when using higher interstellar medium (ISM) neutral and plasma densities and lower magnetic field (∣B
LISM∣ = 3.2 μG, α
BV ≈ 40°) than in the Moscow model, we find better agreement with observed Lyα profiles. None of the models presented show agreement in all directions simultaneously. Furthermore, we show that for the ISM conditions with the least certainty (n
p,LISM, n
H,LISM, T
LISM, B
LISM), B
LISM has the most significant effect on the structure of the hydrogen wall and Lyα profiles.
VaDAR: Varstrometry for Dual AGN Using Radio Interferometry
Authors: Schwartzman Emma , Clarke Tracy E. , Nyland Kristina , Secrest Nathan J. , Pfeifle Ryan W. , Schmitt Henrique , Satyapal Shobita , Rothberg Barry
Published: January 2024

Binary and dual active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are an important observational tool for studying the formation and dynamical evolution of galaxies and supermassive black holes. An entirely new method for identifying possible AGN pairs makes use of the exquisite positional accuracy of Gaia to detect astrometrically variable quasars, in tandem with the high spatial resolution of the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA). We present a new pilot study of radio observations of 18 quasars (0.8 ≤ z ≤ 2.9), selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey DR16Q and matched with the Gaia DR3. All 18 targets are identified by their excess astrometric noise in Gaia. We targeted these 18 quasars with the VLA at 2–4 GHz (S band) and 8–12 GHz (X band), providing resolutions of 0.″65 and 0.″2, respectively, in order to constrain the origin of this variability. We combine these data with ancillary radio survey data and perform radio spectral modeling. The new observations are used to constrain the driver of the excess astrometric noise. We find that ∼44% of the target sample is likely to be either candidate dual AGN or gravitationally lensed quasars. Ultimately, we use this new strategy to help identify and understand this sample of astrometrically variable quasars, demonstrating the potential of this method for systematically identifying kiloparsec-scale dual quasars.
Monte Carlo Stellar Dynamics near Massive Black Holes: Two-dimensional Fokker–Planck Solutions of Multiple Mass Components
Authors: Zhang Fupeng , Amaro Seoane Pau
Published: January 2024

In this study we present a novel Monte Carlo code, referred to as GNC, which enables the investigation of dynamical relaxation in clusters comprising multiple mass components in the vicinity of supermassive black holes at the centers of galaxies. Our method is based on two-dimensional Fokker–Planck equations in the energy and angular momentum space, and allows the evolution of multiple mass components, including stars and compact objects. The code demonstrates remarkable flexibility in incorporating additional complex dynamics. By employing a weighting method, we effectively enhance the statistical accuracy of rare particle results. In this initial publication, we present the fundamental version of our method, focusing on two-body relaxations and loss cone effects. Through comparisons with previous studies, we establish consistent outcomes in terms of relaxation processes, energy and angular momentum distributions, density profiles, and loss cone consumption rates. We consistently observe the development of tangential anisotropy within the cluster, while the outer regions tend to retain near-isotropic characteristics. GNC holds great promise for exploring a wide range of intriguing phenomena within galactic nuclei, including relativistic stellar dynamics, providing detailed and insightful outcomes.
Enhanced Three-minute Oscillation above a Sunspot during a Solar Flare
Authors: Wang Ya , Fletcher Lyndsay , Mulay Sargam , Ji Haisheng , Cao Wenda
Published: January 2024

Three-minute oscillations are a common phenomenon in the solar chromosphere above a sunspot. Oscillations can be affected by the energy release process related to solar flares. In this paper, we report on an enhanced oscillation in flare event SOL2012-07-05T21:42 with a period of around 3 minutes that occurred at the location of a flare ribbon at a sunspot umbral–penumbral boundary and was observed in both chromospheric and coronal passbands. An analysis of this oscillation was carried out using simultaneous ground-based observations from the Goode Solar Telescope at the Big Bear Solar Observatory and space-based observations from the Solar Dynamics Observatory. A frequency shift was observed before and after the flare, with the running penumbral wave that was present with a period of about 200 s before the flare coexisting with a strengthened oscillation with a period of 180 s at the same locations after the flare. We also found a phase difference between different passbands, with the oscillation occurring from high-temperature to low-temperature passbands. Theoretically, the change in frequency was strongly dependent on the variation of the inclination of the magnetic field and the chromospheric temperature. Following an analysis of the properties of the region, we found the frequency change was caused by a slight decrease of the magnetic inclination angle with respect to the local vertical. In addition, we suggest that the enhanced 3 minute oscillation was related to the additional heating, maybe due to the downflow, during the EUV late phase of the flare.
Using the Two-point Correlation Function to Understand the Assembly Histories of Milky Way–like Galaxies
Authors: Zhang Yike , Wang Wenting , Han Jiaxin , Yang Xiaohu , Rodriguez-Gomez Vicente , Palau Carles G. , Tan Zhenlin
Published: January 2024

The two-point correlation function (2PCF) is a powerful statistical tool to measure galaxy clustering. Although 2PCF has also been used to study the clustering of stars on subparsec to kiloparsec scales, its physical implication is not clear. In this study, we use the Illustris-TNG50 simulation to study the connection between the 2PCF of accreted halo stars and the assembly histories of Milky Way-mass galaxies. We find, in general, that the 2PCF signal increases with the increase in galactocentric radii, r, and with the decrease in the pair separations. Galaxies that assemble late on average have stronger 2PCF signals. With z
1/4, z
1/2, and z
3/4 defined as the redshifts when galaxies accreted one-fourth, half, and three-fourths of their ex situ stellar mass today, we find they all show the strongest correlations with the 2PCF signals at r < ∼ 0.2R
200. z
3/4 shows the strongest correlations than those of z
1/4 or z
1/2. However, the correlations have large scatters. The 2PCFs in the velocity space show weaker correlations with the galaxy formation times within ∼0.35R
200 than real-space 2PCFs, and the scatter is considerably large. Both the real- and velocity-space 2PCFs correlate with the assembly histories of the host dark matter halos as well. Within 0.3R
200, the real-space 2PCF shows stronger correlations with the galaxy formation histories than with the halo formation histories. We conclude that it is difficult to use 2PCF alone to precisely predict the formation times or assembly histories of galaxies.
Evolution and Final Fate of Solar Metallicity Stars in the Mass Range 7–15 M
⊙. I. The Transition from Asymptotic Giant Branch to Super-AGB Stars, Electron Capture, and Core-collapse Supernova Progenitors
Authors: Limongi Marco , Roberti Lorenzo , Chieffi Alessandro , Nomoto Ken’ichi
Published: January 2024

According to a standard initial mass function, stars in the range 7–12 M
⊙ constitute ∼50% (by number) of the stars more massive than ∼7 M
⊙, but in spite of this, their evolutionary properties, and in particular their final fate, are still scarcely studied. In this paper, we present a detailed study of the evolutionary properties of solar metallicity nonrotating stars in the range 7–15 M
⊙, from the pre-main-sequence phase up to the presupernova stage or an advanced stage of the thermally pulsing phase, depending on the initial mass. We find that (1) the 7.00 M
⊙ star develops a degenerate CO core and evolves as a classical asymptotic giant branch (AGB) star in the sense that it does not ignite the C-burning reactions, (2) stars with initial mass M ≥ 9.22 M
⊙ end their lives as core-collapse supernovae, (3) stars in the range 7.50 ≤ M/M
⊙ ≤ 9.20 develop a degenerate ONeMg core and evolve through the thermally pulsing super-AGB phase, (4) stars in the mass range 7.50 ≤ M/M
⊙ ≤ 8.00 end their lives as hybrid CO/ONeMg or ONeMg WDs, and (5) stars with initial mass in the range 8.50 ≤ M/M
⊙ ≤ 9.20 may potentially explode as electron-capture supernovae.
Starburst-induced Gas–Star Kinematic Misalignment
Authors: Cenci Elia , Feldmann Robert , Gensior Jindra , Bullock James S. , Moreno Jorge , Bassini Luigi , Bernardini Mauro
Published: January 2024

A kinematic misalignment of the stellar and gas components is a phenomenon observed in a significant fraction of galaxies. However, the underlying physical mechanisms are not well understood. A commonly proposed scenario for the formation of a misaligned component requires any preexisting gas disk to be removed, via flybys or ejective feedback from an active galactic nucleus. In this Letter, we study the evolution of a Milky Way mass galaxy in the FIREbox cosmological volume that displays a thin, counterrotating gas disk with respect to its stellar component at low redshift. In contrast to scenarios involving gas ejection, we find that preexisting gas is mainly removed via the conversion into stars in a central starburst, triggered by a merging satellite galaxy. The newly accreted, counterrotating gas eventually settles into a kinematically misaligned disk. About 4% (8 out of 182) of FIREbox galaxies with stellar masses larger than 5 × 109
M
⊙ at z = 0 exhibit gas–star kinematic misalignment. In all cases, we identify central starburst-driven depletion as the main reason for the removal of the preexisting corotating gas component, with no need for feedback from, e.g., a central active black hole. However, during the starburst, the gas is funneled toward the central regions, likely enhancing black hole activity. By comparing the fraction of misaligned discs between FIREbox and other simulations and observations, we conclude that this channel might have a non-negligible role in inducing kinematic misalignment in galaxies.
The millipede family Polydesmidae Leach, 1816 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) from Vietnam, with a description of a new cavernicolous species
Authors: Nguyen Anh D. , Vu Tam T. T. , Eguchi Katsuyuki
Published: January 2024

The millipede family Polydesmidae Leach, 1816 is reviewed in the scope of the Vietnamese fauna. The distribution of the species, Polydesmus vietnamicus Nguyen, 2009 is extended northward to Ha Giang Province. A new cavernicolous polydesmid, Pacidesmus tuachuasp. nov., is described from two caves in northwestern Vietnam, representing the first record of the genus from Vietnam. Extensive illustrations and DNA barcodes are provided for both species, a revised key is presented to all 12 species of Pacidesmus Golovatch, 1991, as well as a key to all eight genera of Asian Polydesmidae.
Goodwill : un retour vers le futur ? Simulation des effets attendus d’un retour vers un amortissement systématique
Authors: Bessieux-Ollier Corinne , Blum Véronique , Walliser Élisabeth
Published: January 2024

Le document de travail DP/2020/1 « regroupements d’entreprises » émis par l’IASB questionne le choix fait il y a deux décennies de supprimer l’amortissement du goodwill et de le remplacer par un test de dépréciation annuel. Nous proposons une simulation permettant d’étudier les effets d’un changement de méthode comptable avec un retour vers l’amortissement systématique du goodwill pour un échantillon de 57 entreprises issues du SBF 120. Nos résultats indiquent une détérioration importante de la performance et de la structure financières des entreprises.
Trente ans de recherche française en comptabilité de gestion : fin d’un cycle ?
Authors: Meyssonnier François
Published: January 2024

Un état de l’art des recherches françaises sur les calculs et la gestion des coûts est effectué. On met en évidence les différentes phases dans la production scientifique, les méthodes déployées, les objets de recherche étudiés, l’impact des publications et les controverses dans la communauté. On constate que les recherches en comptabilité de gestion diminuent fortement depuis quelques années. La modélisation des coûts n’est plus une préoccupation centrale ni pour les académiques ni pour les professionnels.
Provisionnement par l’approche des pertes de crédit attendues et réduction de la procyclicité
Authors: Dao-Le Flécher Phu , Paget-Blanc Eric
Published: January 2024

L’article vise à déterminer si les nouvelles règles de provision permettent de réduire le caractère procyclique des provisions, en se fondant sur la crise de la Covid-19. La discrétion accrue en matière de provision a été exacerbée par les mesures prises par les régulateurs pour limiter l’impact de la crise. À partir d’un échantillon de 94 banques européennes et américaines cotées, nous constatons qu’en 2020, les encours à risque ont diminué et les dépréciations pour risque de crédit n’ont que légèrement augmenté en Europe, malgré la diminution sensible du PIB. Nous concluons que la norme IFRS 9, fondée sur l’approche par les pertes de crédit attendues et associée à des mesures d’assouplissement réglementaires en période de crise, permet de réduire la procyclicité des provisions.
Marseille face à la peste
Authors: Vigié Marc
Published: January 2024

Comme la guerre, l’épidémie est pour une société un moment de vérité. Elle tue, beaucoup et sans distinction. Son assaut brutal suspend le cours de l’ordinaire, confronte les croyances aux connaissances, teste la robustesse et la résilience des structures politiques, sociales, économiques, morales et culturelles. Elle exige une réaction collective. Surtout, elle pose une question essentielle : comment la vaincre ? L’exemple de la peste qui ravage Marseille et la Provence entre 1720 et 1722 le montre.
Qu’est-ce que vaincre dans une perspective monothéiste ?
Authors: Hanne Olivier
Published: January 2024

Les trois monothéismes formalisent différemment la dynamique qui conduit à la victoire : profondément éthique dans le judaïsme, nécessairement spirituelle dans le christianisme, multiforme dans l’islam. Pourtant, chaque mouvement religieux a su adapter, et parfois trahir, ses textes sacrés pour répondre aux circonstances historiques, sans jamais négliger l’idée d’un inachèvement de toute victoire dans le temps et dans l’Histoire.
OTAN. Gagner ou vaincre selon les différents alliés
Authors: Bathurst Ben , Fernández Sánchez Javier , Giacomin Dario , Goisque Jérôme
Published: January 2024

Quatre généraux alliés, siégeant côte à côte au sein du comité militaire de l’ otan , se sont prêtés au jeu d’une définition du mot « vaincre ». Loin des définitions académiques, leur analyse révèle le caractère profondément paradoxal de cette notion. Finalement, qu’est-ce que vaincre ?
L’ Iliade ou la victoire amère
Authors: Andruétan Yann
Published: January 2024

En profanant le cadavre d’Hector qu’il vient de vaincre en combat singulier, Achille commet un acte terrible, précipitant Grecs et Troyens dans une montée aux extrêmes qui ne peut se terminer que par l’anéantissement de l’un ou de l’autre des adversaires. La philosophe Simone Weil montre que c’est la force qui agit à travers les héros. La force qui subjugue les vainqueurs comme les vaincus et qui conduit à faire d’autrui une chose. La force dont l’exercice peut conduire à des extrémités dangereuses, qui implique de pouvoir s’empêcher d’agir.
Vaincre ou rallier les Marocains : le dilemme de la France au temps de la conquête
Authors: Rivet Daniel
Published: January 2024

Quelle méthode employer pour conquérir le Maroc et l’intégrer à l’empire que la iii e République est en train de fonder ? Telle est la question qui divise la France coloniale au début du xx e siècle. Faut-il, par une politique des tribus, croquées l’une après l’autre, recourir exclusivement à la manière forte des militaires, ou bien faut-il procéder par en haut, en satellisant l’État marocain en prenant appui sur le sultan et sur son appareillage étatique encore embryonnaire, à l’instar du protectorat tunisien réalisé en 1881, comme le soutiennent les diplomates et les financiers ?
La royauté française dans la guerre de Cent Ans : une victoire inéluctable ?
Authors: Hélary Xavier
Published: January 2024

Comment Charles VII a-t-il réussi à vaincre l’ennemi anglais ? Au début de l’année 1429, rien n’était joué. Et si Jeanne d’Arc a fait pencher la balance de son côté, il est possible que, même si elle n’avait pas été là, les choses auraient quand même tourné en sa faveur. C’est peut-être que la victoire finale de la royauté française ne s’est pas jouée uniquement dans les batailles. Comment l’expliquer ? Deux personnalités, qui incarnent chacune à sa façon le courage malheureux, vont nous y aider : Jean le Bon et Jeanne d’Arc.
Peut-on encore rendre les honneurs à un vaincu ?
Authors: Jordan Frédéric
Published: January 2024

Les coutumes de la guerre, comme celle de rendre les honneurs au vaincu, semblent aujourd’hui s’effacer. Faut-il donc accepter de voir ces pratiques disparaître sous prétexte que le champ de bataille aurait changé de nature au regard des engagements de plus en plus complexes auxquels nous sommes confrontés ? Il s’agit de démontrer que nos soldats doivent continuer de se les approprier pour pouvoir vaincre.
Vaincre sans humilier
Authors: Abel Olivier
Published: January 2024

Peut-on vaincre sans humilier ? La loi de la force, qui impose à l’autre l’obligation de se mesurer ou de disparaître, est barbare, et abandonne tôt ou tard les vainqueurs eux-mêmes. Comment mener la guerre en sachant qu’on ne sera pas toujours victorieux, et de manière à ce que la paix soit encore ensuite un jour possible ? La force victorieuse est écrasante et dévastatrice par les passions terribles qu’elle déchaîne, car on hait et on méprise ceux à qui on a fait du mal, et les puissances de la vengeance sont insatiables. Il s’agit ici de comprendre à quelles conditions elles pourraient être apaisées.
Instruire pour vaincre. Une somme de « petits riens »
Authors: Erbland Brice , Garin Laurent , Marteau Jordan , Cotard Jean-Luc
Published: January 2024

« Ils s’instruisent pour vaincre » est la célèbre devise de l’École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr qui accompagne les élèves-officiers de l’armée de terre depuis plus de deux siècles. Elle mérite que l’on s’y attarde. C’est ce que font ici le colonel Erbland, aujourd’hui à la tête du premier bataillon de saint-cyriens, et ses deux adjoints, en charge, entre autres, de ce qui ne peut réellement être décrit dans un inventaire de formation : l’éducation au savoir-être militaire. C’est pourtant dans cet aspect essentiel et difficilement normalisable que se trouve l’enseignement de l’esprit permettant d’aller jusqu’au bout et de vaincre.
Developing learning skills through game-based learning in complex scenarios: A case in undergraduate logistics education
Authors: Pacheco-Velazquez Ernesto , Rodés Virginia , Salinas-Navarro David
Published: January 2024

This study investigates the impact of game-based learning (GBL), an increasingly popular educational approach, on the development of self-directed learning (SDL) skills in complex scenarios, particularly in undergraduate logistics education. A key component of the three year study is LOST (Logistics Education Simulator), a serious game platform, deployed in an undergraduate engineering course in Mexico. An extensive literature review was carried out using Scopus to examine recent works published between 2019 and 2024, providing a state-of-the-art overview of the field. Subsequently, a survey based on the scale created by Fisher, King, and Tague (2001), known for its extensively evaluated internal consistency, revealed five distinct factors of self-directed learning. The findings underscore that the LOST platform significantly enhances self-directed learning, promoting the development of Self-management Skills, Openness to Learning Opportunities, Initiative and Independence in Learning, Self-concept as an Effective Learner, and Love of Learning. The students demonstrated a significant increase in their perception of these skills over the course of the study, highlighting the effectiveness of GBL in promoting such learning skills. These findings highlight the multidimensional nature of learning skills that can be fostered through GBL. The study concludes by discussing the vital role of GBL in complex scenarios, particularly in enhancing the development of self-directed learning skills in undergraduate logistics education.
Towards digital competence from the conception of students in language instruction: A study within the master's degree in teaching in Andalusia
Authors: Heredia Ponce Hugo , Romero Oliva Manuel Francisco , Trigo Ibáñez Ester
Published: January 2024

The use of smart mobile devices and the integration of social networks into the educational setting is a reality that has been widely studied by the research community. Their integration into the educational environment has increased following the declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic. In light of the need to explore the conceptions of future educators regarding the integration of these technologies in the classroom after having experienced a health crisis, this study aims to describe the basic components of the conceptions of teacher trainees with regard to the usefulness of smartphones and social media in language teaching in the master’s degree in teaching. During the 2022-2023 academic year, a total of 139 registered students in the Spanish language and literature and foreign languages specialties as part of the master’s degree in teaching in the Andalusian Unified District (Distrito Único Andaluz, DUA) participated in this study. The respondents completed the Usefulness of the Social Media and Smartphones for Educational Action questionnaire (known as the CURSAE, according to its Spanish initials). The results show a trend toward positively viewing the use of smartphones and the social media in the classroom and as an element to establish communication with the various educational agents. The gender variable showed no statistically significant differences, as opposed to age and the specialization studied, which did reveal such differences. The use of these technologies was more widely accepted by younger students and those specializing in Spanish language and literature. These results are extremely useful for improving the initial training of secondary education and baccalaureate teachers.
Analysis of self-perceived digital competences in future educators: A study at the university of Granada
Authors: Alonso García Santiago , Victoria Maldonado Juan José , Martínez Domingo Jose Antonio , Berral Ortiz Blanca
Published: January 2024

Digital competence is a key aspect to be taken into account in training at all stages. It is especially necessary to emphasize higher education stages and specifically on initial teacher training, as future teachers have the responsibility to promote these competencies and to be the first to introduce them into their programs. However, for this to happen, they must have previously established a framework of reference on which to train in digital competence, and they must be prepared to transmit this knowledge in this context that framework is DigCompEdu. For this reason, in the present research a correlational study is carried out with a retrospective ex-post-facto design to analyse the digital competencies of future teachers in the Faculty of Education Sciences at the University of Granada.The main results of the research carried out are that the self-perceived digital competence varies according to the sex of the students, being more positive in the case of men, while other factors such as the course or degree do not have a significant relevance. However, the majority of students at the Faculty of Education of the University of Granada have a self-assessed level of B1 as their level of digital competence, which is insufficient for transmission to future generations. This is also maintained because, according to the students, spaces, and training related to this aspect are not generated, although there are disparities according to the degree of this thinking.
Vademecum of artificial intelligence tools applied to the teaching of languages
Authors: Mateos Blanco Belén , Álvarez Ramos Eva , Alejaldre Biel Leyre , Parrado Collantes Milagrosa
Published: January 2024

A qualitative documentary research of software and multimedia artificial intelligences was chosen to enable the ontological understanding of the object of study that aims to explore the potential for learning through Artificial Intelligence (AI). Besides, it is shown how AI, as a novel component within the digital education landscape, contributes to educational technological capital. In light of our research area, the focus is on determining how AI can be harnessed to enhance the development of communicative competence. This entails identifying and categorizing AI tools relevant to language didactics. The sample size for this study is 120 AI applications, sourcing and compiling data on AI tools from specialized websites. This sample serves as a paradigm justifying a mixed-method study capable of combining quantitative and qualitative data.The variables supporting this study consider four characteristics related to the specific typify of the digital tool in the pedagogical context. The first aspect pertains to the classification of generative AI tools with potential educational use. AI tools enriches and enhances the dimensions of learning underscoring the urgent need for literacy in this technology. The second variable was linked to the Pedagogical Competences of Teachers and the areas. The category in language education pertains to educators' ability to create, adapt, and employ digital resources that enhance language teaching and learning. The third and fourth identify the skills related to language learning. In the context of learning environments with AI tools, it is essential to contemplate the role of linguistic competence as subordinate to communicative competence.
Airborne exposure to laboratory animal allergens: 2005–2022
Authors: Mason Howard , Jones Kate
Published: January 2024

Exposure to laboratory animal allergens has been a significant cause of IgE-mediated allergic symptoms and occupational asthma (OA). Mice are the predominant species used in medical and scientific facilities. We have previously published a review of our air monitoring data of mouse and rat major allergens (mus m 1 and rat n 1) expressible in ng·m−3 from 2005–2016. We have now reassessed all this largely United Kingdom (UK) air monitoring data from 2005–2022, which include 77% and 47% additional mouse and rat results, respectively. Where possible, we have categorized the results to specific tasks and areas to identify those associated with higher exposures and explored temporal trends in exposure together with an estimation of the annual incidence of OA in 2005 and 2018. A downward shift in mouse results for personal samples was apparent from 2014, with evidence of a decrease in the 90th percentile, but both personal and static rat samples confoundingly showed an apparent increase from 2017. Activities of “cage changing”, “cage cleaning”, and “cage washing, dirty side” suggested substantial personal exposures in some facilities, while “bedding dumping” and “cage scraping” suggested generally high exposures, albeit modified by any respiratory protective equipment worn. Individually ventilated cages reduce exposure, but filter changing/cleaning can still lead to high exposures. Exposure from experimental and husbandry duties were generally lower, but in some facilities activities where animals are handled outside of cages can cause significant exposures. The reduction in personal exposure to the predominant species is consistent with an estimated 55% decrease in the UK annual incidence rate of OA in 2018 from 2005. The data may help facilities to improve exposure control by identifying higher risk activities, benchmarking their own monitoring data and help further reduce the risk of sensitization and subsequent allergic respiratory ill-health.
Isolation, genetic identification of Amazonian yeasts and analysis of thermotolerance and alcohol tolerance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae from Theobroma grandiflorum and Eugenia stipitata
Authors: Fernandes Flávia da Silva , da Silva Luan Reis Honorato , de Souza Érica Simplício , Carneiro Lívia Melo , Silva João Paulo Alves , Zelski Steven , de Souza João Vicente Braga , Batista Jacqueline da Silva
Published: January 2024

Although yeasts of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae species are industrially significant, few studies have investigated their presence in environmental samples from the Amazon rainforest. This study aimed to isolate S. cerevisiae yeasts associated with trees of the Amazon Forest and investigate their thermotolerance, alcohol tolerance, and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) characteristics, along with those of regional strains from previous research and reference strains from the industry. We collected fruits, bark and decaying plant material from Theobroma grandiflorum, Spondias mombin L., Mangifera indica L., and Eugenia stipitata, and isolated yeasts using the culture media. To identify the yeasts, we conducted morphological and biochemical analyses, including sugar assimilation and fermentation, and sequencing analyses of the rDNA (ITS and LSU (D1 and D2)). We also performed fermentation tests to determine the optimum temperature, thermotolerance and ethanol tolerance. Finally, we subjected the selected strains to SNP analysis to study the reported genes that are important for alcohol tolerance in S. cerevisiae: FPS1 (farnesyl diphosphate synthase1) and ASR1/YPR093 (alcohol sensitive RING/PHD finger1) genes. As a result, we isolated 53 yeasts, and 10 of which exhibited a sugar assimilation and fermentation profile that was similar to that of S. cerevisiae. These ten isolates were identified using sequencing of the ITS and LSU regions, which revealed the species to be Wickerhamomyces anomalus (n = 4), Torulaspora pretoriensis (n = 3), Debaryomyces hansenni (n = 1), and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (n = 2). Through the analysis of the ASR1 and FPS1 regions, we found an SNP at nucleotide 1552 A > G (FPS1), which was associated with ethanol tolerance under our experimental conditions. This work is significant because it is one of the first studies to focus specifically on the isolation of S. cerevisiae from samples in the Amazon region. Furthermore, the SNP analysis allowed us to differentiate isolates that showed greater tolerance to ethanol.
Color image encryption by piecewise function and elliptic curve over the Galois field $ {G}{F}\left({2}^{{n}}\right) $
Authors: Rehman Hafeez Ur , Hazzazi Mohammad Mazyad , Shah Tariq , Aljaedi Amer , Bassfar Zaid
Published: January 2024

Elliptic curve (EC) cryptography supplies an efficient, secure, and lightweight method for executing computer cryptographic protocols. Its widespread use in various applications, including secure communications, digital signatures, and key agreement protocols, highlights its importance in modern computing. Moreover, EC-based image encryption is gaining popularity in cryptography as it offers strong protection with a relatively smaller key size than other famous cryptosystems. Inspired by this, we proposed a novel image encryption scheme that leverages ECs over a binary extension field (BEF). This approach also reduces computational workload using EC over BEF instead of large primes. Also, BEF can represent large numbers in a compact form, which is helpful in applications that require efficient data storage and transmission. Our scheme involves three main steps. Initially, we utilize points of an EC over a BEF and a piecewise function to mask the plain image. Next, to introduce a high level of confusion in the plain text, we create a substitution box (S-box) based on the EC and operation of BEF of order 256, which is then used to permute the pixels of the masked image. Finally, we generate pseudo-random numbers (PRNs) using EC coordinates and BEF characteristics to create diffusion in the image and obtain a cipher image. In addition, we accomplished computational experiments demonstrating that our proposed cryptosystem provides excellent security against linear, differential, and statistical attacks compared to existing cryptosystems.
Libros del Viejo Mundo para casos del Nuevo. Alonso de la Vera Cruz, lector: uso y anotación del libro impreso en los conventos misioneros novohispanos
Authors: Egío García José Luis , Iñigo Silva Andrés
Published: January 2024

Tras subrayar el papel fundamental que ocuparon las bibliotecas conventuales en los conventos misioneros americanos, el artículo se concentra en la figura de un lector y anotador de libros muy particular, el fraile agustino Alonso de la Vera Cruz, organizador de algunas de las primeras bibliotecas en el Nuevo Mundo. Se identifican y estudian, por primera vez, diversos libros con los que trabajó en Tiripetío (Michoacán) y otros conventos novohispanos, caracterizando y clasificando sus abundantes marginalia. Este análisis nos permite, a su vez, seguir al detalle la transición entre la lectura, la anotación y la escritura, entendidas como partes de complejos procesos de traducción cultural de criterios normativos.
Carlos Prío Socarrás y Francisco Franco: Balance de las relaciones hispano-cubanas, 1948-1952
Authors: Figueredo Cabrera Katia
Published: January 2024

El presente artículo apunta al análisis de varios aspectos claves en las relaciones entre Cuba y la España franquista durante la presidencia en la isla de Carlos Prío Socarrás. En concreto, el período seleccionado, 1948-1952, se caracterizó por sus altos momentos de tensión y por el colapso de todas las esperanzas del envío de un embajador a Madrid, a pesar de la alineación del Gobierno cubano a las directrices norteamericanas en el naciente mundo bipolar de la Guerra Fría y de la progresiva disminución de los enconados enemigos del régimen franquista en el continente americano.
Investigating the Role of Augmented Reality in Supporting Collaborative Learning in Science Education: A Case Study
Authors: Kuanbayeva Bayan , Shazhdekeyeva Nurgul , Zhusupkalieva Galiya , Mukhtarkyzy Kaussar , Abildinova Gulmira
Published: January 2024

This study investigates the application of augmented reality (AR) technology to facilitate collaborative learning in science education. The study involved 30 secondary school students in Kazakhstan, who were divided into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group utilized an AR platform to facilitate collaborative learning during their science lessons, while the control group received traditional teaching methods. The study aimed to investigate the impact of AR on students’ learning outcomes, communication and collaboration skills, and overall satisfaction with science education. The research design involved pre- and post-tests, as well as a survey of students’ perceptions of the AR experience. The results indicated that the experimental group demonstrated statistically significant improvement in their science test scores compared to the control group. Furthermore, the students in the experimental group reported a high level of engagement and satisfaction with the AR platform, along with enhanced communication and collaboration skills. The study suggests that AR technology has the potential to improve collaborative learning in science education and provides new opportunities for engaging students and enhancing their learning outcomes. The findings have significant implications for educators interested in integrating AR technology into their teaching practices as well as for researchers exploring the use of AR in education. Further research is necessary to investigate the long-term effects of AR on learning outcomes and to determine the most effective methods for incorporating AR technology into science education.
The Gringos’ Batucada: Emerging debates on cultural appropriation in the context of Brazilian popular street music in the 2000s
Authors: Vaillant Anaïs
Published: January 2024

This article describes the emergence in the 2000s of debates about the globalized appropriation of traditional Brazilian percussion music by mostly amateur members of foreign groups called batucadas (particularly in France or samba schools, blocos, maracatus depending on the musical genre). The notion of cultural appropriation did not at the time necessarily explicitly belong to an accusatory rationale. However, the observation of situations in the musical field in which a transmission occurred between legitimate owners of the music and learners, whether foreign tourists or Brazilians from outside the traditional community, already revealed conflicts and strategies on both sides of the “exchange”. Ethnographic observation, carried out as part of my PhD between 2004 and 2009 revealed the emergence of heated and sometimes intractable arguments about opposing conceptions of culture, and more specifically identified a vague feeling of plunder overlying inequalities of class and race. Cultural appropriation is described in practical occurrences in the field, and the problems it raises cause us to re-examine contemporary cultural issues. What is a cultural tradition? Why is it coveted by foreigners? How does the concept of intangible culture reinforce the phenomenon of appropriation? In this article, I attempt to show how the problem of cultural appropriation can be approached and observed on different scales and from different perspectives, while avoiding the risk of essentializing culture.
Who owns Islam? The prism of authenticity and the specter of appropriation among American Muslims
Authors: Galonnier Juliette
Published: January 2024

This article discusses the controversies over the desired interaction between “religion” and “culture” within contemporary American Islam, where several interpretive communities (formed at the intersection of theological positionings, class affiliations and racial categorizations) express divergent conceptions of both Islam and the United States. Relying on interviews and ethnographic observations among Muslim converts in Chicago, the article unpacks these controversies by placing them in the social context in which they arise. It shows that American Muslims often make use of the prism of “authenticity”, whether cultural or religious, to define what is “truly” Islamic or “truly” American, but that these qualifications of authenticity are also haunted by the specter of appropriation and inseparable from an appraisal of the relations of domination that run through the American Muslim minority. After outlining a brief history of borrowings from the Islamic tradition by groups holding different positions in the U.S. social and racial stratification system, the article examines one by one three registers of discourse on the notion of culture in Islamic circles: acculturation, exculturation and inculturation. These three registers are based on different understandings of “authenticity” and give rise to contrasting views of what constitutes appropriation.
Des crises sémantiques comme crises politiques : à propos de Res publica de Claudia Moatti
Authors: Fournel Jean-Louis
Published: January 2024

Le terme de République est un mot dont l’évidence et la présence dans notre culture politique contemporaine n’ont d’égales que ses indéterminations de longue durée. La première de ces indéterminations tient d’ailleurs à l’origine de « république » dans le syntagme latin res publica avec le sens immédiatement complexe et polysémique d’une notion que l’on retrouve abondamment utilisée sous la République romaine proprement dite mais aussi sous l’Empire. Questionner la res publica, c’est donc évidemment questionner un pan crucial de l’histoire politique romaine mais c’est aussi intervenir dans l’histoire politique tout court et dans la réflexion méthodologique sur la langue de cette politique. Pas de modélisation stabilisée donc et pas plus de recherche de « l’essence de la chose », pas non plus de prétention à une définition de l’objet d’étude puisqu’une suite d’effacements et de réapparitions des noyaux de sens est le propre de la res publica. L’enquête dynamique porte sur une question qui devient, selon un syntagme présent, de façon significative, dans la dernière page de l’ouvrage de Claudia Moatti, « référence mobilisatrice », politique donc. En effet, dans ce parcours, l’acceptation de l’incertitude et de l’indétermination devient en quelque sorte le prix à payer pour retrouver la vie des mots et leur charge historique, en tant qu’ils se lient à l’action des hommes, à leur engagement dans le monde, sans s’appuyer sur les certitudes sémantiques ni sur un programme à mettre en œuvre mais en partant de questions ouvertes justement parce qu’aucune des réponses proposées ne s’est avérée satisfaisante. La comparaison avec un autre moment de crise politique et sémantique, le moment machiavélien, permettra en conclusion d’illustrer la fécondité de la perspective adoptée.
Les banquets publics sous la République romaine : des banquets pour le populus ?
Authors: Badel Christophe
Published: January 2024

La catégorie du banquet public existait dans la société romaine qui opposait convivium privatum et convivium publicum. Contrairement à l’idée reçue, le terme latin epulum ne désignait pas toujours, et pas seulement, le banquet public, car les mots convivium et cena pouvaient aussi s’y appliquer. À l’origine, les banquets publics – banquets rituels ou banquets d’investiture des prêtres et magistrats (cena aditialis) – ne concernaient que les prêtres et les magistrats, parfois les sénateurs (Epulum Iovis). Ces participants disposaient du epulandi publice ius. En 217, le banquet des Saturnales fut ouvert au populus, mais ce cas resta isolé dans le cadre rituel. En revanche, à partir du début du IIe siècle, les nobles prirent l’habitude d’offrir des banquets au peuple lors de leurs funérailles familiales, puis au Ier siècle, les imperatores le firent d’abord lors de la Dîme d’Hercule puis lors de leurs triomphes. Dans ces circonstances, le convivium publicum devenait alors l’epulum populi romani et l’epulandi publice ius concernait les membres du populus, sans doute répertoriés sur une liste.Une telle évolution montre que la présence du populus n’était pas, sous la République, consubstantielle au banquet public. Elle montre aussi que le caractère public d’un banquet n’était pas déterminé par le statut du donateur ou l’origine des fonds mais par la qualité de représentants de la cité des bénéficiaires (magistrats, sénateurs ou citoyens), ainsi que par sa localisation dans un lieu public.
Dans le labyrinthe
Authors: Moutot Gilles
Published: January 2024

Cet article propose une analyse du livre sur Beethoven auquel, sans avoir eu le temps de l’achever, Adorno a travaillé durant plus de 30 ans. Longtemps attendue, la traduction française permet aujourd’hui de prendre pleinement la mesure de l’importance de ce volume, tour à tour atelier ou chambre d’écho de l’œuvre entière d’Adorno. Ligne de force de l’ouvrage, le rapprochement entre Beethoven et Hegel porte ainsi l’enjeu d’un rapport entre l’identité et la différence tel que l’altérité ne se laisse pas absorber dans l’économie de la pensée spéculative. À cet égard, on a d’abord été attentif au fait que, pour Adorno, c’est dans la mesure même où la forme beethovénienne vise la constitution d’une « totalité intensive », qu’elle conduit à mettre au jour – au sein de l’apparence esthétique et par elle – le caractère arbitraire d’un tel primat accordé au tout. Si telle est la « teneur de vérité » de cette musique, on peut alors considérer que le « style tardif » de Beethoven (motif présent du premier au dernier des textes qu’Adorno a consacrés au compositeur) en constitue le plein déploiement, en tant que critique, immanente au matériau musical, de l’illusion du réconcilié. S’il est connu que, notamment, les derniers quatuors ou les dernières sonates sont exemplaires d’un tel geste, on a voulu montrer que celui-ci se trouvait à la fois dédoublé et altéré dans la composition de la Missa solemnis, qu’Adorno dit ne pas parvenir à comprendre. On soutient alors l’hypothèse suivante : exprimant de façon éminente une intempestivité qui traverse l’ensemble de l’œuvre beethovénienne, cette tension entre deux formes de distanciation, ou d’« estrangement » (Verfremdung), cristallise du même coup les exigences théoriques fondamentales de cette réforme de la dialectique qu’Adorno appelle dialectique négative et, indissociablement, celles de la conception d’une temporalité historique non linéaire et non téléologique.
Preoperative Evaluation of Inferior Venae Cava Collapsibility Index to Predict Post Induction Hypotension Under General Anaesthesia
Authors: Fanai Annie Lalliankimi , Sharma Arti , Pathania Jyoti , Sethi Arvind
Published: January 2024

Post induction hypotension (PIH) is a largely debated topic in anaesthesia , without any definitive consensus on ideal method for its accurate identification. We hypothesized that inferior venae cava collapsibility index (IVCCI)measured pre-operatively before general anaesthesia could predict this hypotension .The patients were categorized on the basis of their American Society of Anaesthesiologists physical status classification(ASA) to find the optimal cutoff value and sensitivity of this index in predicting PIH.In this prospective observational study, 157 patients (79 ASA I and 78 ASA II) undergoing routine general anesthesia for surgical procedures were enrolled and their preoperative IVCCI measurements were correlated with non-invasive hemodynamic parameters measured till 12 minutes post induction. The overall incidence of PIH was 46% (12.7% in ASA I and 79.49% in ASA II patients). The optimal cutoff value of IVCCI for predicting hypotension was 47% .The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) at 95%CI was 95% (87-98%), 97% (90-99%), 100% and (90%- 97.1%) with ROC (Receiver operating characteristic) of 0.972 (95%CI, P<0.0001). ASA status (β=2.924, OR (Odd ratio) 18.611;P<0.0001), baseline DBP (β=0.056, OR-0.946; p<0.004) and IVC-CI <50 (β=0.410, OR -1.506; p<0.0001) had significant correlation with PIH in linear regression logistic model.Preoperative IVCCI measurements, baseline DBP and ASAII physical status of patients could significantly and accurately predict PIH before general anaesthesia.
Overcoming the Physiological Challenges Encountered in Recent Advances in Surgery: BS Perera Oration 2020 – College of Anaesthesiologists and Intensivists of Sri Lanka
Authors: Pinto Vasanthi
Published: January 2024

No abstract available
Enhancing advanced airway skills in trainees amid crisis: A call for comprehensive training programs
Authors: Ratnayake Ashani , Pinto Vasanthi
Published: January 2024

No abstract available