bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ВЫБОР И ОБОСНОВАНИЕ АРХИТЕКТУРЫ ВИРТУАЛЬНОЙ ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕННОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ДЛЯ ПЛАНИРУЕМОГО ПОРТФЕЛЯ ЗАКАЗОВ
Authors: Западня Ксения Олеговна , Гайденко Олег Александрович , Пуйденко Вадим Алексеевич
Published: May 2019

The task to form and research the virtual production system (VPS) operation for the planned portfolio of orders (PPO) has been stated and solved. Due to the complexity of the proposed task, the solution is implemented in several stages. At the first stage the research of the main indicators of the formed VPS has been made. First of all, this concerns the composition of the VPS that according to its characteristics should meet the basic requirements of the PPO. For this purpose a set of potential enterprises – VPS candidates – have been formed using a precedent base (PB). A qualitative scale in the form of Latin alphabet was used to evaluate each enterprise in terms of key indicators and requirements of PPO. By lexicographic ordering of options in the PB, the most suitable enterprises are selected to make the VPS. To adapt the enterprises (equipment, technologies) to the specific requirements of PPO, the choice of activities for the modernization of production is made. The adaptation costs have been selected as an objective function to evaluate the set of activities. The time to make the activities and the acceptable risks are taken as limitations for the task. In order to study the VPS operation an agent simulation model has been constructed. The analysis of the VPS "supply-production-marketing" logistics chain has been carried out on the basis of this model. The results of the simulation make it possible to estimate the time of PPO implementation, the impact of the risks and, if necessary, to make the further restructuring of the VPS architecture. The proposed approach is expedient to be used at the initial stage of VPS architecture development taking into account the basic requirements associated with the planned portfolio of orders
ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ХОЛОДНОГО ГАЗОДИНАМИЧЕСКОГО НАПЫЛЕНИЯ ДЛЯ ЗАЩИТЫ И ВОССТАНОВЛЕНИЯ ДЕТАЛЕЙ ИЗ МАГНИЕВЫХ СПЛАВОВ
Authors: Шоринов Александр Владимирович
Published: May 2019

Magnesium alloys are widely used in modern technology, especially in the aviation and automotive industries, primarily due to low density, which allows reducing the weight of products and structures significantly. However, one of the main disadvantages of magnesium alloys is low corrosion resistance, which limits the possibilities of their wide application. A large number of magnesium parts of helicopters are prone to corrosion in places of contact with parts made of other metals forming a galvanic couple. Moreover, magnesium alloys are also susceptible to surface damage due to impact, which often occurs in the manufacture, repair and maintenance of aviation equipment. Scratches and damage can lead to local corrosion. It is shown that energy- and resource-saving cold spraying technology is effective and advanced technology for repairing and recovering of magnesium parts against corrosion. The cold gas-dynamic spraying technology is a relatively new industry among the processes of thermal spraying. The cold spray process is based on accelerating the metal powder particles with a supersonic gas stream in the Laval nozzle followed by an impact on the substrate and the formation of a coating. The process is characterized in that the powder material used in the spraying process does not melt and therefore the oxidation of the coating decreases; there are no phase changes in the material and no considerable heating of the substrate. The results of the analysis of the current state of cold spraying of protective and restorative coatings as well as the analysis of the aviation engines magnesium parts manufactured by «MOTOR SICH», their damages, in particular corrosion, causes of occurrence and current protection methods are accomplished. The works aimed to deposition of cold spray corrosion-resistant coatings and its application for restoration and protection of magnesium parts against corrosion are analyzed. The previous work in the field of cold spraying of anticorrosive coatings was mainly aimed to achieving maximum density of coatings, since the absence of through porosity provides reliable protection of the base material. Coatings with a minimum porosity were obtained using the high-pressure cold spray systems. The analysis showed that the issue of using low-pressure cold-spray equipment remains open and confirms the urgency of further research
ФОРМУВАННЯ АВІАЦІЙНИХ КОНСТРУКЦІЙ МЕТОДОМ 3Д ДРУКУ
Authors: Закревський Андрій Олегович , Козей Ярослав Сергійович , Cухов Віталій Вікторович
Published: May 2019

The subject of the study in the article is the principles of the formation of a constructive-power scheme for the glider of an unmanned aerial vehicle and the possibility of using additive technologies for its creation. The goal is the formation of a structural and power scheme for the glider of an unmanned aerial vehicle of minimum mass, providing the necessary strength parameters and investigating the possibility of 3D printing of the resulting structure. The tasks to be solved are: based on the results of topological optimization in the package of Siemens PLMNX and Solid Works 2018; to choose the constructive-power scheme of the fuselage and the wing; after carrying out optimization, create a three-dimensional assembly of the airframe; perform the manufacture of the necessary aggregates and parts on a 3D printer. The following results are obtained. Topological optimization of the design of the wing and fuselage of an unmanned aerial vehicle using the Siemens PLMNX package and Solid Works 2018 was carried out. In selected CAM/CAD/CAE systems, topological optimization analysis was carried out in terms of speed, quality and processing of the TO results. The optimal design of the fuselage's fuselage structure and wings was developed, and a three-dimensional airframe assembly was created. The possibility of 3D printing of the received structure is investigated. With the help of 3D printer, the basic units of the glider of the unmanned aircraft are made. Using the capabilities of 3D printer along with topological optimization allows creating non-standard designs. When designing thin-walled parts for 3D printing, it is necessary to take into account such factors as insufficient adhesion of the layers. To avoid delamination, it is necessary to strengthen the part, in the case of the wing - add stringer or spar. Topological optimization allows rational use of the material and greatly facilitates the entire structure. Conclusions. It is reported that the use of 3D printer capabilities, together with topological optimization, makes it possible to obtain a glider of an unmanned aerial vehicle of minimum mass
Estudio de ingresos y gastos de las familias de la Parroquia de Bolívar
Authors: Montenegro Arellano Gillermo Fausto , Urresta Yépez Ramiro Fernando , García Ibarra Verónica Jannet
Published: May 2019

La presente investigación se realizó en la  parroquia de Bolívar, cantón Bolívar, provincia del Carchi; con el objetivo de conocer algunas características socioeconómicas, principalmente, los ingresos y gastos de las familias y su capacidad de cubrir las necesidades básicas. Las variables críticas fueron: Ocupación y/o Empleo, Ingresos y Gastos. Se encuestó a un total de 388 jefes de hogar. De los resultados obtenidos se desprende que los ingresos de la gran mayoría de la población de estudio no superan la canasta básica vigente. El Procedimiento de este estudio consta de las siguientes partes: Elaboración de instrumento, Aplicación de encuestas, Prueba del cuestionario, Recopilación, tabulación de la información y Elaboración de informe. El 91,5 % de las personas entrevistadas son los jefes del hogar padre o madre de familia que nos da confiabilidad en la información proporcionada para esta investigación. El 65% de los entrevistados poseen casa propia, El total de ingresos promedio mensual de los hogares de Bolívar es de 455.46 dólares, cantidad que no alcanza a cubrir el costo de una canasta familiar básica. El 50 % de las familias obtienen ingresos mensuales de hasta 375 dólares, solamente un 10 % de las familias obtienen ingresos mensuales mayores de 1000 dólares, el 75% de los encuestados tiene ingresos que no superan los 600 dólares mensuales, un 25% de encuestados tiene ingresos de 250 dólares o menos al mes. En promedio los gastos de las familias ascienden a 500 dólares mensuales, si tomamos en cuenta al 75 % de los hogares tienen un gasto de 556.82 dólares mensuales. Realizando una comparación en los diferentes cuartiles de la población los gastos se ajustan a los ingresos de las familias y solamente el 10 % de la población alcanzaría a cubrir la canasta básica familiar.
Cultura organizacional de las PYME, sector manufacturero de barniz, Municipio de Pasto-Nariño(Colombia)
Authors: Trejos Moncayo Carlos Rubén , Villota Urbano Claudia Dolores
Published: May 2019

La globalización y los avances tecnológicos han traído consigo cambios políticos, sociales y económicos; los cuales han influenciado progresivamente en el desarrollo de sus nactividades comerciales. REstos cambios se ven reflejados en la cultura del ser humano, facilitándole las actividades diarias y ofreciéndole variedad en información, productos de consumo y servicios. Ante tal diversidad , es indispensable que las organizaciones tiendan a ser competitivas y por ende analicen y perfilen su Cultura Organizacional, ya que ésta incide notablementeen el éxito de la empresa y la continua adaptación de la misma  en el mercado externo. Con éste artículo se pretende dar aconocer los resultados del estudio de la Cultura Organizacionalde las Pyme del sector manufacturero de barniz, ubicadas en el centro del municipio de Pasto, Departamento de Nariño(Colombia); estudio realizado durante el segundo semestre del año 2015. Se realiza un análisis cuantitativo, estableciendo las variables inherentes a su cultura Organizacional. Se emplean encuestas que dan a conocer la interrelación empresa_empleados, se consulta sobre el direccionamiento estratégico y se identifica que el proceso de construcción legal de la Pyme del sector manufacturero del barniz, aún carece de formalidad. Se trata de microempresas, que tienen contratados a menos de cinco personas y en la mayoría  de los casos, la limitante de su crecimiento es la informalidad. Por lo anterior, el acceso a nuevos mercados a través del fortalecimiento de su producctividad. Como aporte al conocimiento, los autores plantean un esquema relacional de variables que puede considerar como una estrategia de mejoramiento para su situación actual, a partir de la cultura organizacional.
The Analisis Manajemen Keuangan Petani dan Perkembangan Ekonomi Keluarga
Authors: Kholili Isa
Published: May 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui macam-macam metode yang digunakan para petani dalam mengelola (manajemen) keuangan hasil pertaninnya dan juga untuk mengetahui dampak dari berbagai macam macam metode yang digunakan.
            Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis Deskriptif komparatif yaitu dengan membandingkan dan menggali sumber sumber data terkait dengan manajemen keuangan petani yang sering digunakan sekelompok petani Tebu dan kopi dalam mengelola hasil panen.
Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan Hasil Panen masyarakat menggunakn dua metode yaitu hasul panen lansung dijual dan di timbun, yang kedua-duanya mempunyai kelebihan dan kelemahan. Kelemahan metode hasil panen langsung dijual mereka sulit dalam penggunaan uang mengingat kebutuhan sehari-hari kurang bisa terkontrol dengan anggapan mereka terdorong untuk selalu menggunakan uangnya, sedangkan kelebihan dari metode ini adalah mereka beranggapan bahwa metode ini lebih bisa merasakan hasil pertanian mengingat uang yang mereka terima bersifat kumulatih secara langsung.
Efek Merokok Berat terhadap Jumlah Leukosit dan Jenis Leukosit pada Pria Usia Produktif di Kelurahan Tanjung Pinang Kota Palangka Raya
Authors: Ardina Rinny , Soraya Nada
Published: May 2019

Prevalence of productive men smokers in Kalimantan Tengah in 2013 has been reached 64.9% with a mean of smoking about 12.3 cigarettes a day. Cigarette smoke contains 1015 of oxidative free radicals which can cause oxidative stress. It will trigger of activation of inflammatory genes and increase of cytokines release by increasing of leukocytes and activate some of the differential leukocytes. Continual inflammation can cause atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. This study aimed to determine the effects of heavy smoking on white blood cell count and differential leukocyte count in productive men in Kelurahan Tanjung Pinang, Palangka Raya. This study used a descriptive observational method with a cross-sectional design. The sample obtained by 28 people with purposive sampling technique with criteria: men, active smoker, smoking more than ten years, working as a farmer, fish farmer, or laborer, and willing to become a respondent. White blood cell count and differential leukocyte count were analyzed by an automatic method using Hematology Analyzer. The results showed that 3.6% of active smokers had high white blood cell count and others had low white blood cell count (3.6% ). Whereas differential leukocyte count showed that 2 persons had high of eosinophils (7.10%), 5 people had low of eosinophils (17.9%), one person had little of neutrophils (3.6%), 2 persons had high of lymphocytes (7.20%), 10 people had little of lymphocytes (35.7%), and 15 people had high of monocytes (53.6%). To reduce the risks, preventive and educative actions from medical personnel are needed for active smokers and their families.
Evidence-based pancreatology 2018 (review of research results on diseases and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency)
Authors: Gubergrits N. B. , Byelyayeva N. V. , Klochkov A. Ye. , Lukashevich G. M. , Fomenko P. G. , Berezhnaya E. V.
Published: May 2019

The article presents a detailed review of the research results in the field of pancreatology published in 2018. Certain parts of the review are devoted to the pathogenesis, diagnostics, course of pancreatitis, its treatment, as well as autoimmune, hereditary pancreatitis, pancreatic pathology in children, as well as treatment.

In studying the pathogenesis of pancreatitis, attention is paid to genetic markers of pancreatitis along with a role of bacterial overgrowth syndrome in the small intestine, both in terms of worsening of the course of pancreatitis and the lack of effectiveness of enzyme replacement therapy. The study of the role of alcohol abuse and smoking in the pathogenesis of pancreatic pathology is still in progress.

Diagnostics is going on. Endosonography remains the most informative method.

A number of studies have been devoted to the studying of exocrine and endocrine pancreatic insufficiency both upon pancreatitis, pancreatic tumors, and in functional dyspepsia and HIV infection.

Autoimmune pancreatitis is increasingly being diagnosed, a number of studies are devoted to its diagnostics and treatment.

Pancreatic diseases in children develop mainly on the background of genetic predisposition, while functional pancreatic insufficiency occurs in adult patients.

The study of the peculiarities of the effect of enzyme replacement therapy continues. The immediate and remote results of the surgical treatment of pancreatic pathology are assessed.
Adherence of patients to medical recommendations (compliance) as an important factor in increasing the effectiveness of treatment (by example of acid-dependent diseases)
Authors: Tsimmerman Y. S. , Vologzhanina L. G.
Published: May 2019

List of medical terms has been recently supplemented with relatively new notions of compliance (adherence), which means “consent, compliance with your wishes” in English. They are used to denote the patient’s strict adherence to medical recommendations, especially with regard to pharmacotherapy (use of the drug at the recommended dose with the necessary frequency and duration), correction of lifestyle, rationalization of dietary habits, getting rid of bad habits. High compliance is very important in the treatment of acid-related diseases: organizing a lifestyle, following advice on dietary restrictions and habits, avoiding stressful situations and physical exertion significantly affect the effectiveness of therapeutic measures in gastroesophageal reflux disease, gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, non-atrophic gastritis, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, chronic gastritis induced by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Optimization of compliance (adherence), control over the implementation of prescriptions, elimination of factors that impede the realization of medical recommendations will improve the effectiveness of treatment of acid-related diseases. The key to successful treatment of any pathology is an active involvement of a patient in the treatment process.
Causative Organisms of Hospital Acquired Infections Among The Pediatric Patients In Tertiary Level Hospitals of Dhaka City
Authors: Miah Khorshed Ali , Chowdhury Md Zaforullah , Johora Fatima Tuj , Khatun Sumaiya
Published: May 2019

Hospital acquired infections (HAI) are important causes of morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study was to see the type of HAI and causative organisms of these infections among the paediatric patients in tertiary level hospitals of Dhaka city. This cross sectional study was conducted in three tertiary level hospitals in Dhaka City over a period of two years. A total of 1055 patients were observed and the study population comprised of all the admitted paediatric patients irrespective of sex and basic diseases who were found present during data collection period as admitted patients in the paediatric wards of the hospitals under study. Among 1055 pediatric patients admitted in all the three hospitals under study a total of 115 (10.9%) were affected by hospital acquired infections. Higher prevalence (14.0%) of Hospital-Acquired Infections (HAI) was found in surgery ward and the lower prevalence (9.2%) of HAI was found in medicine ward. The most common type of HAI was surgical wound infection 26(22.6%). Out of 115 HAI patients highest number 44(38.3%) were affected by staphylococcus aureusfollowed by E. coli23(20%).

Update Dent. Coll. j: 2019; 9 (1): 23-28
NILAI-NILAI SOSIAL DALAM NOVEL TENTANG KAMU KARYA TERE LIYE KAJIAN SOSIOLOGI SASTRA
Authors: Sari Novita Linda , Agustina Emi , Lubis Bustanuddin
Published: May 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan nilai-nilai sosial yang terdapat dalam Novel Tentang Kamu karya Tere Liye. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan sosiologi sastra. Penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan nilai-nilai sosial dalam novel Tentang Kamu karya Tere Liye. Hasil pembahasan dalam penelitian ini yaitu didapatkan fakta cerita yang berkaitan dengan nilai sosialnya yakni kekerasan, memulai usaha, marketing produk, peristiwa malari (malapetaka 15 Januari), pertemanan, dan pengkhianatan. Sedangkan nilai sosial yang terdapat dalam novel Tentang Kamu karya Tere Liye antara lain: sabar, patuh, pemaaf, membantu orang lain, peduli orang lain, bekerja keras, kesetiaan, saling percaya antar teman, tolong-menolong antar teman, dan jujur. Kata kunci: Nilai sosial, tentang kamu, sosiologi sastra.
IMPLEMENTASI PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA BERBASIS TEKS DI SMA NEGERI 1 BENGKULU TENGAH KELAS XI
Authors: Vidya Dharma Purnama Sari , Ariesta Ria , Purwadi Agus Joko
Published: May 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan pembelajaran berbasis teks di kelas XI IPS dan IPA di SMA Negeri 1 Bengkulu Tengah pada pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskripsi dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Sumber data adalah dua guru Bahasa Indonesia yang mengajar di kelas XI IPS 4, IPS 5, IPA 3, IPA 4, dan siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan validasi data. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa lembar observasi perencanaan, dan pelaksanaan. Guru mambuat rancangan pembelajaran sebelum pelaksanaan pembelajaran berlangsung, yaitu RPP. Hasil penelitian tentang perencanaan pembelajaran berbasis teks dari dua RPP yang dibuat guru, keduanya sudah mengambarkan langkah pembelajaran berbasis teks dengan kegiatan pembelajaran. Hasil pelaksanaan pembelajaran berbasis teks menunjukkan bahwa dari keempat tahap pembelajaran berbasis teks, satu tahap tidak dilaksanakan yaitu langkah membangun teks secara mandiri. Alokasi waktu perencanaan pembelajaran kurang sesuai dengan alokasi waktu pelaksanaan pembelajaran berbasis teks. Jam belajar yang singkat dan adanya kegiatan sekolah berdampak pada pelaksanaan pembelajaran berbasis teks dilaksanakan kurang efektif. Hasil penilaian guru terhadap siswa menunjukkan selama proses implementasi pembelajaran berbasis teks yang dilakukan tercapai. Kata kunci : implementasi, pembelajaran, berbasis teks.
NEED ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH FOR TOUR AND TRAVEL DEPARTMENT OF VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL IN BENGKULU CITY
Authors: Salisna Rahamdina , Harahap Alamsyah , Sofyan Dedi
Published: May 2019

This research aimed to investigate the English needs of Tour and Travel Department at Vocational High School Negeri 1 and Vocational High School Negeri 7 in Bengkulu City. The research used mixed method and convergent parallel design. The sample of this research consisted of three groups of respondents. First group was students, consisted of 28 active students and 4 alumni. Second group was English teachers, consisted of 2 English teachers. The third group was stakeholders, consisted of two heads of the Tour and Travel Department, two assistances of curriculum, hotel, and tour staffs. The data of this research were gathered by using adapted questionnaire and interview. The questionnaire was analyzed quantitatively and interview was analyzed qualitatively. The data were combined by using convergent parallel design. Results of this research indicated that listening and speaking are the two prioritized skills needed by the tour and travel department. Topics of speaking which has the greatest importance are flight reservation, prices and payment, tourist destination, tourist attraction, direction, and booking hotels. Topics of listening which has the greatest importance are flight reservation, booking hotels, direction, job interview, complaints, and cultural tourism.  Topics of reading which has the greatest importance are memos, letters, cultural tourism, handling a complaint, and tourism terms. Topics of writing which has the greatest importance are rules and regulation, instruction.
INCREASING STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY ACQUISITION BY MASTER AND MASTERY CARDS GAME
Authors: Sahrin Venolia , Hasan Mulyadi
Published: May 2019

The objective of this research is to explain how the Master and Mastery cards game improves students’ vocabulary acquisition and participation learning process of applying Master and Mastery cards game in teaching vocabulary for tenth-grade students of a vocational school. This research was carried out with a classroom action research design. Field notes were the instruments to collect the qualitative data. While the vocabulary test and gained the quantitative data that strengthen the quantitative data. The increasing of the test 1 and test 2 was 22.83 point. Responding to that result the teacher-researcher decided to stop the cycle at cycle two. According to the researcher and co-observer’s observation students participated actively while playing Master and Mastery vocabulary cards game. This research significantly increased students’ vocabulary acquisition as well as participation.Keywords: Master and Mastery Cards Game, Vocabulary Acquisition, Participation
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FLASHCARDS ON THE MOTIVATION TO INCREASE ENGLISH VOCABULARY AMONG THE FOURTH ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Authors: Lisa Helda
Published: May 2019

The primary objective of this study is to find out whether the illustrated flashcards have positive effect on the motivation to increase English vocabulary among elementary school fourth grade students. The problem of this study is why students of elementary school fourth-grade still find difficulties in understanding and comprehending the English material and especially that for vocabulary. The result of the analysis shows that there is a significance difference between the motivation to learn English vocabulary among the elementary school fourth-grade students before the implementation of flashcards and that after the implementation (76,6%), and there is a significant difference between English vocabulary mastery of elementary school fourth-grade students taught by using flashcards and that of those taught without using flashcards(t=7,74).
Ikan Asing Invasif, Tantangan Keberlanjutan Biodiversitas Perairan
Authors: Syafei Lenny S , Sudinno Dinno
Published: May 2019

Dikenal sebagai salah satu negara dengan mega-biodiversitas tertinggi, Indonesia juga tercatat memiliki kekayaan jenis ikan nomor tiga di dunia, setelah Brasil dan Cina. Sumber daya alam yang tidak dapat dipulih ini, berupa kekayaan jenis ikan; merupakan tanggung jawab bersama selaku bangsa. Karenanya, berbagai kondisi yang menekan perkembangan kekayaan jenis ikan asli, perlu mendapat perhatian yang serius. Satu diantaranya adalah kehadiran jenis ikan asing invasif yang masuk ke perairan tawar: danau dan sungai; baik disengaja/terprogram maupun tidak disengaja masuk kedalam perairan. Oleh karena itu, tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengulas kondisi terkini ancaman dari jenis ikan asing invasif terhadap keberlanjutan biodiversitas perairan. Hasil dari tulisan ini adalah berbagai upaya yang dapat dilaksanakan untuk mempertahankan keberlanjutan biodiversitas perairan, khususnya perairan tawar.
Using Short Stories to Teach Language Skills
Authors: Pardede Parlindungan
Published: May 2019

The notion that the main objective of EFL teaching is to help students to communicate fluently in the target language cause many teachers still believe that an EFL class should focus on mastering linguistic elements only. However, recent trend in EFL teaching indicates the necessity of integrating literature because of its rich potential to provide an authentic model of language use. Among literary genres, short stories seem to be the most suitable choice for this due to its potential to help students enhance the four skills—listening, speaking, reading and writing—more effectively because of the motivational benefit embedded in the stories. The purpose of this article is to familiarize EFL instructors with the effectiveness of using short stories in EFL instruction. After presenting criteria for selecting a short story, discussion is focused on how to exploit a short story for enhancing students’ language skills.
Students’ Perception on EFL Speaking Skill Development
Authors: Nazara Situjuh
Published: May 2019

This paper is based on a study conducted in December 2010 to investigate the perceptions of the students of the English Teaching Study Program of FKIP-UKI Jakarta on their English speaking skill development. The findings revealed that all respondents viewed speaking important and they were willing to deal with the necessities to master it. Although they got interesting materials, empowering activities, and proper opportunity to practice speaking, they insisted to have longer time to practice. In addition, some respondents tended to avoid speaking due to their fear of lecturers’ ‘scolding’ and classmates’ laughing. The paper concludes by suggesting the need to create a friendly and conducive environment in the classroom.
Teachers’ and Undergraduate Students’ Perceptions of the Use of the Internet to Study English
Authors: Floris Flora Debora
Published: May 2019

The purpose of this study was to find out teachers’ and undergraduate students’ perception of the importance of using the Internet to study English. This was measured through the use of questionnaires distributed to 10 teachers and 100 students; and interviews conducted with 5 teachers and 20 students. Based on the findings, it was concluded that in learning English, students need interactions with their teachers and friends. To facilitate the interactions, the Internet, particularly the websites designed for learning English is a good alternative. However, it should not be the only instrument used to improve the learners’ language proficiency. Numerous strategies teachers can choose to implement it are also recommended.
Using Story Reading Technique to Improve EFL Young Learners’ Vocabulary
Authors: Siahaan Sri Darma
Published: May 2019

This study was conducted to improve young leaners’ English vocabulary. To attain the objective, athree-cycled action research, taught vocabularies by using the story reading technique, was conductedto the 10 students of the K-1 grade in Grace Kids Preschool, Jakarta. The quantitative data collected using tests were analyzed using SPSS, andthe qualitative datacollected using observation and interview techniques were analyzed descriptively. The results indicated that the story reading techniques improved the participants’ vocabulary mastery, as shown by the increase of the mean scores ofthe tests conducted, i.e. 42 (in the pre-test) to 62 (post-test of cycle I) to 80 (post-test of cycle II), and to 92 (post-test of cycle III); the use of stories significantly increased the students’ vocabulary mastery. Based on the findings, it could be concluded that the use of story reading technique was effective to improve kindergarten students’ vocabulary mastery.
The Effect of Using YouTube Video on the Tenth Graders’ Writing Procedural Text Achievement at SMA Corpatarin
Authors: Sitorus Carolina Junianti
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis research was aimed to determine whether youtube video significantly effected the tenth graders’ writing procedural text achievement at SMA Corpatarin or not. This research was experimental research. The population of this research were 38 students and through random sampling method, control class (19 students) and experimental class (19 students) were taken. To attain the objective, data were colleted by the pre and post-test to both classes. The quantitavie data analysis was conducted with the SPSS version 17. To test the hypotheses, the researcher used normality test and homogeneity test. The results of the data analysis showed that the sample data of this research was normally distributed and homogeneous population variance and based on hypotheses test showed Sig.2-tailed (0.000) < Sig.level (0.05). It can be concluded that youtube video significantly affected the tenth graders’ writing procedural text achievement at SMA Corpatarin.

Keyword: Youtube video, writing procedural text, experimental method
The Effect of Using English Video on Students’ Vocabulary Mastery at SMP PSKD 6 Depok
Authors: Grathia Ellyah
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTThe main objective of this research is to find out whether or not there is any significant effect of using English video on students‟ vocabulary mastery at SMP PSKD 6 Depok. This study is an experimental research that consists of two classes, the experimental class and control class. The research was done on April 2016 until May 2016. The subject of the research was eighth graders‟ students VIII B and VIII C at SMP PSKD 6 Depok. The consisted of 20 students. The instruments of the test were pre-test and post-test. The improvement of the eighth graders‟ vocabulary scores can be seen from the results of the pre-test and post-test. The mean scores of the experimental class in the pre-test was 57.35 points. While the mean scores of the control class in the pre-test was 52.60 points. The average score of the experimental class in the post-test was 71.40 points. While the average scores of the control class in the post-test was 60.00 points. The data obtained clarified that there was a significant effect of using English video on students‟ vocabulary mastery. By using English video, students‟ in experimental class ranged of the average score from 57.35 points until 71.40 points. The hypotheses tested in this research showed that there was a significant effect of English video. The value of Sig. of equality variances (0.760) was higher than Sig. α (0.05). This finding indicates that the sample data were taken from homogeneous population variances. Based on the result of the research, it was concluded that the use of English video on students‟ vocabulary mastery at SMP PSKD 6 Depok. The writer suggests using English video is one of the effective technique to improve students‟ vocabulary, especially in teaching English in eighth graders.

Keyword: experimental research, English video, vocabulary
The Effectiveness of Short Story Use On Students’ Speaking Skill Development at SMPN 160 Jakarta
Authors: Ompusunggu Retta Mestika
Published: May 2019

The use of short story as an essential component of second and foreign language teaching has recently been resurrected. Current studies also indicated that short story can facilitate effective learning of speaking. This study aimed at investigating whether short stories use was effective to develop students’ speaking in English as a foreign language (EFL) context. To achieve the aim, a pretest-posttest experiment design using two groups of experimental (n=30) and control (n=30) was conducted at SMPN 160 Jakarta. The control group was taught speaking using short stories, while the control group was taught speaking in the routine procedure of the English classes. The experiment occurred in six weeks, two forty-five-minutes-sessions per week. Data was collected using tests administering the interview technique. The results of the hypothesis test employing SPSS22.00demonstrated that short story use had a significant effect on the participants' speaking skills improvement. It was, therefore, recommended to use short story to help students develop their speaking performance.

Keywords: EFL, short story, speaking skills
Pre-Service EFL Teachers’ Perception of Blended Learning
Authors: Pardede Parlindungan
Published: May 2019

Due to its great prospects to maximize the advantages of both online learning and faceto-face learning, blended learning (BL) has been growing as one of the most important educational advances of the 21st century. Current studies have revealed that BL is very potential to help address students’ diverse need and learning style, advance students’ learning experience by developing their engagement, motivation, and capacity for reflection, and provide learners with direct experience with technology-supported skills essential for 21st-century success style. This study aimed at investigating the perception of pre-service EFL teachers of blended learning in learning English as a foreign language (EFL) setting. Employed a mixed methods research design, quantitative and qualitative data were collected from 32 students of the English Education Department of Universitas Kristen Indonesia Jakarta. The findings revealed thatthe students’ perception towards blended learning was positive. The participants also valued learning using the online platform not only because it offers convenience, flexibility, and immediate access but also increases their engagement and independence and develops their technical and information literacy skills. However, they viewed face-to-face instruction more effective for it is more realistic due to the presence of direct interaction, immediate response, and the convenience of reading printed texts.
Developing Computer–Based Instructional Media for English Speaking Skill at Senior High School
Authors: Rohmah Farida Noor
Published: May 2019

This research aimed at developing computer-based instructional media using Adobe Flash for the tenth graders’English speaking skill material. The studyemployed research and development method. The results showed (1) the product is a computer-based instructional media in a combined format of tutorial and drilling facilitating semiinteractive learning consisting of thanking, complimenting, congratulating, surprise and disbelief materials; (2) the expert validation showed that the product quality in terms of media is categorized very good (4.51) and in terms of the material and instructionalare categorized good (3.91). The results of the field trials showed that the quality of the product in terms of material, media, and instructional is categorized very good (4.32). In conclusion, the developed media is eligible to be implemented in speaking learning activities.

Keywords: computer-based instructional media; Adobe Flash; speaking skill
Effect of Short- and Long-Term Administration of Baclofen on Spatial Learning and Memory in Rats
Authors: HOLAJOVA M. , FRANEK M.
Published: May 2019

Baclofen is the only clinically available metabotropic GABAB receptor agonist. In our experiment, we tested the hypothesis that long-term baclofen administration can impair learning and memory in rats. The experiment consisted of three parts. In the first part of the study the drug was administered simultaneously with the beginning of the behavioral tests. In the second and third part of the experiment baclofen was administered daily for 14 days and for one month before the tests. In each part of the experiment, adult rats were randomly divided into four treatment groups. Three groups were given an injection of baclofen at doses of 1 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, while the fourth group was injected with saline. The injections were given after each session. Spatial learning and memory were tested using the Morris water maze, involving three types of tests: Acquisition, Probe, and Re-acquisition. This work reveals that baclofen did not affect spatial learning at any of the tested doses and regardless of the length of administration. Memory was observed to be affected, but only at the highest dose of baclofen and only temporarily. This conclusion is in line with previously published clinical cases.
Effects of Pioglitazone on Ventricular Myocyte Shortening and Ca2+ Transport in the Goto-Kakizaki Type 2 Diabetic Rat
Authors: SALEM K. A. , SYDORENKO V. , QURESHI M. , OZ M. , HOWARTH F. C.
Published: May 2019

Pioglitazone (PIO) is a thiazolidindione antidiabetic agent which improves insulin sensitivity and reduces blood glucose in experimental animals and treated patients. At the cellular level the actions of PIO in diabetic heart are poorly understood. A previous study has demonstrated shortened action potential duration and inhibition of a variety of transmembrane currents including L-type Ca2+ current in normal canine ventricular myocytes. The effects of PIO on shortening and calcium transport in ventricular myocytes from the Goto-Kakizaki (GK) type 2 diabetic rat have been investigated. 10 min exposure to PIO (0.1-10 µM) reduced the amplitude of shortening to similar extents in ventricular myocytes from GK and control rats. 1 μM PIO reduced the amplitude of the Ca2+ transients to similar extents in ventricular myocytes from GK and control rats. Caffeine-induced Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum and recovery of Ca2+ transients following application of caffeine and myofilament sensitivity to Ca2+ were not significantly altered in ventricular myocytes from GK and control rats. Amplitude of L-type Ca2+ current was not significantly decreased in myocytes from GK compared to control rats and by PIO treatment. The negative inotropic effects of PIO may be attributed to a reduction in the amplitude of the Ca2+ transient however, the mechanisms remain to be resolved.
ANALISA HASIL BIOGAS MENGGUNAKAN ISI RUMEN SAPI SEBAGAI STARTER
Authors: Renilaili Renilaili
Published: May 2019

Biogas is an environmentally friendly energy. The purpose of this experiment is to find out whether it is correct, by using a cumen rumen filler starter, the fermented biogas volume will become larger (more), compared to fermented cows fesses with water but not adding starter fluid of cow rumen contents. In this experiment 4 experiments were performed with the comparison (cows fesses: water: cow rumen fluid) are (1: 2: 0), (1: 2: 1), (1: 2: 2), and (1: 2 : 3). The experiment lasts for 40 days, but within 10 days it has already produced biogas, this biogas will continue and there is reaction of asidogenesis and methanogenic reaction. From the observations made, the amount of biogas volume is also influenced by raw material ratio and fermentation time (25,80 cm3) with raw material ratio (1: 2: 2) and fermentation time for 30 days. The result of this biogas is quite significant (59.3%,) more, here the starter function is quite dominant to increase the expected biogas production
Regulating Consensual Sexual Behaviour between Older Children: The Case against the Current Approach under the Sexual Offences (Scotland) Act 2009
Authors: Callander Isla
Published: May 2019

The purpose of this article is to critically examine the current approach to regulating the consensual sexual behaviour of older children in Scots law. At present, blanket criminalisation applies to all consensual sexual intercourse and oro-genital sexual activity between two older children, defined by statute as those aged 13 to 15, through specific offences under section 37 of the Sexual Offences (Scotland) Act 2009. The first part of this article will describe the nature of, and background to, section 37. This will then be contextualised against the evidence of the relatively widespread occurrence of sexual intercourse amongst older children, and the very limited number of prosecutions under the provision in practice. While acknowledging that there are clear reasons to encourage older children to delay their first sexual experiences, the second part of the article will use an inter-disciplinary approach to show the extent to which the current criminal law approach is genuinely problematic. This is in terms of its conformity to rule of law principles, possible adverse social consequences and potential ineffectiveness. The final part of the article will conclude that the current approach in Scotland is wholly inappropriate, and that a more appropriate approach would be for Scots law to move towards a revised section 37 offence which incorporates an element of exploitation which the prosecution should have to prove.
Peeble them wi’ stanes: Twenty years of the Scottish Parliament
Authors: McCrone David
Published: May 2019

Twenty years of the Scottish Parliament requires assessment of its impact. What do people in Scotland think of it so far? Has it fulfilled their expectations and needs? This article focuses on evidence from Scottish Social Attitudes surveys over the period, and in particular how the performances of Scottish Government vis-à-vis UK Government are judged by public opinion. To what extent has the devolution conundrum, identified in the first session of the parliament, namely, that the Scottish tier of government gets the credit for any successes, and the UK government the blame for failures been reversed? How do people rate the respective tiers of government In terms of willingness to listen, and trust in governments to work in Scotland's long-term interests and judgements about fairness? How are these differences best explained in terms of people's social and demographic characteristics as well as their political and constitutional views? The article concludes that Scottish Government has maintained early expectations, and established itself as the premier tier of government despite its constitutional position as a devolved institution. It has become, in the eyes of people in Scotland, the main framework through which politics and policy-making in Scotland are carried out.
An inductive classification of types of social innovation
Authors: Slee Bill
Published: May 2019

Though widely regarded as ill-defined and lacking conceptual clarity, social innovation has been heralded as a desirable response to social economic and environmental challenges arising from market and policy failures. Based on a definition of social innovation as involving the reconfiguration of social practices through civil society engagement, this paper offers an inductive classification of the diverse types of social innovation found in Scotland, based primarily on rural examples. It is argued that not only does social innovation occur in a diverse range of fields and in many different forms, but also that the Scottish Government policy has explicitly connected to social innovation as a means of delivering a communitarian policy agenda. However, without affirmative action, the community empowerment agenda is likely to widen the gap between communities with strong social capital and those with weaker social capital, thus undermining another strong strand of Scottish policy which supports greater equality and social inclusion.
Place-based public service delivery: A method to mitigate social risk?
Authors: Karlsson Paula Sonja
Published: May 2019

This study examines the approach taken by one Scottish council in the use of a place-based approach, aiming to investigate whether systemic mitigation of social risk can be achieved with place-based social innovation. Many local authorities have utilised the ‘Total Place’ ideology in the UK as a means of redesigning the public service system. This paper presents a longitudinal review of The City of Edinburgh Council's approach to Total Place, based on qualitative documentary and interview data collected over five years from 2012–2017. The paper presents the experiences from approaches implemented in the city and learning points put forward to the council. It finds that social risk can be mitigated locally, but continued commitment and conscious effort to use the learning from their Total Places is required from the local authority in whatever future approach they take to localities working.
The 2014 Scottish Referendum in the Chinese imagination
Authors: Hua Minchao
Published: May 2019

This paper lays out the perceptions of three different regions to describe Chinese perspectives on the 2014 Scottish Independence Referendum. Mainstream newspapers, cyber-opinions, and scholarly writings are three vectors to assess Mainland Chinese perception. Considering the limited number of academic reports about the referendum in Taiwan and Hong Kong, compared to that on the mainland, our conclusion about their perceptions is primarily based on mainstream newspapers. The article identifies two ideologically opposed perspectives. On the one hand, the dominant view in Mainland China (and in mainstream newspapers in Hong Kong and Taiwan) framed the referendum in negative terms, presenting it as a ‘threat’ and a ‘problem’. On the other hand, the dominant view in Hong Kong and Taiwan praised the Scottish referendum as a model of participatory democracy. These contrasting perspectives are deeply rooted in distinctive ideologies and historical experiences.
What makes a European in Scotland?
Authors: McCrone David
Published: May 2019

Why, if few people in Scotland give priority to being ‘European’, vis-à-vis being ‘Scottish’ or being ‘British’, did a significant majority vote Remain in the 2016 Brexit referendum? Much depends on how questions on territorial identities are asked in surveys. Employing a 7-point scale ranging from ‘weakly European’ to ‘strongly European’ we find that as many as 45% put themselves at the strongly European end of the scale in Scotland. Furthermore, and contrary to expectations, being European correlates more strongly with being British than with being Scottish north of the border. Using linear regression analysis, four variables contribute significantly to being strongly European: having liberal (‘libertarian’) values, high levels of education, supporting the SNP and Independence, and feeling ‘British’. Being ‘Scottish’ has lesser effect because it is ubiquitous across the social spectrum, and, in any case, national identity in Scotland, in contrast with England, did not account significantly for the 2016 Brexit vote in Scotland. There is evidence, however, that, post-Brexit, being ‘European’ has taken on more political-constitutional meanings, even though the binary divide between Remain and Leave does not properly reflect the range of policy preferences people adopt concerning the European Union.