bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CAPP Based on Automatic Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation
Authors: Tang W. , Gu Li Zhi
Published: January 2010

The evaluation of technological process in CAPP based on fuzzy mathematics was explored and researched. Aiming at fuzzy auto-evaluation，factors set, weight set and assessment set were built with the applying membership function and weight of fuzzy mathematics .Then the evaluation matrix of technological process was received through fuzzy matrix calculation. According to the principle of maximum membership degree, the grade of technological process was determined. The optimum technological process was obtained on the comparison among the grades of processes, giving an example of the automatic fuzzy comprehensive evaluation for the disc-like component.
A Model for Evaluating the Service Quality of Transshipment Logistics
Authors: Chou Chien Chang
Published: January 2010

The service quality of transshipment logistics of container port is an important issue in the international trade container transportation industry. The aim of this paper is to construct a SERVQUAL method to evaluate the service quality of transshipment logistics of container port. This assessment model is tested by a case of the port of Kaohsiung in Taiwan. The results show that the assessment model proposed in this paper seems to be promising. Finally, some interesting conclusions and useful suggestions are given to Kaohsiung port to improve the service quality.
Study on the Kinematics of the Lips of the Twist Drill on the Axial Vibration Part 1: Axial Locus and Vibration Pattern
Authors: Gu Li Zhi , Zhang Z.J , Xiang Chun Jiang
Published: January 2010

Loci were studied of the lips movement with axial vibration for both non-disjunction and dis-junction pattern of the twist drill, with the proof that for the dis-junction pattern the chip might be broken by the special loci of the lips without any additional external forces. Positions of the same two points on the two major cutting edges were presented in detail with the rotation angle between the two points, 180 deg. Difference of the two loci, h, was the chip thickness that altered instantly and when it was zero the chip broke. Minimum difference hmin was taken as a criterion for vibration drilling pattern. Non-disjunction pattern of vibratory drilling came out when hmin ＞0 and disjunction pattern arrived otherwise. Expressions for the two patterns showed that vibratory parameters and cutting parameters have influenced h considerably.
Effect of Heat Load on the Residual Stress of Seal Edge in Vacuum Plate Glazing
Authors: Zhang Rui Hong , Miao Hong , Zuo Dun Wen
Published: January 2010

Based on the vacuum plate glazing produced in laboratory, the residual stress field of seal edge in vacuum plate glazing caused by heat load was researched by electrometric method, and the distribution of residual stress field were successfully measured. The residual stress field of seal edge in vacuum plate glazing was analyzed by numerical calculation, and then the established mathematical model was solved by finite element method and distribution rule of its residual stress was obtained. The effect of linear expansibility and coupled stress of the solder in seal edge on the residual stress of vacuum plate glazing was discussed. The result showed that calculated and experimental results were similar. The relation between intensity of residual stress and elasticity modulus was obtained. The theoretical principle was provided for analyzing allowable value of the residual stress of seal edge in vacuum plate glazing.
Effective Dumbbell-Tool in Nanotechnology System from Optical Device of Computer Display
Authors: Pa Pai Shan
Published: January 2010

The low yield rate of the transparent conducting oxide (TCO) is easily existent through the processes of semiconductor production. A nanotechnology system of the recycling process for removing the TCO-layer from displays’ color filter surface of computer display is presented. By establishing a recycling process for the ultra-precise removal of the thin film nanostructure, the semiconductor optoelectronic industry can effectively reclaim defective products, reducing both production costs and pollution for the technical application. In the current experiment, the major interest is the design mechanism features of the removal process for a thin layer of TCO and an effective design dumbbell-tool. For the recycling processes, a small diameter of the positive-electrode, a small gap-width between the negative-electrode and the positive-electrode corresponds to a higher removal rate for the TCO-layer. A high rotational speed of the dumbbell-tool, or a high flow velocity of the electrolyte increases the dreg discharge mobility and improves the removal effect. A higher working temperature or a higher concentration of the electrolyte corresponds to a higher removal rate for the TCO-layer. An enough electric power corresponds with a higher feed rate of the displays’ color filter produces a fast removal rate and reduces the production costs. An effective design of the system mechanism and the machining tool in the electroremoval processes requires quite a short time to make the TCO-layer remove easily and cleanly.
Influence of Basalt Fiber on Performance of Cement Mortar
Authors: Jiang Chao Hua , McCarthy T.J. , Chen D. , Dong Q.Q.
Published: January 2010

This paper presents initial work with the application of basalt fiber (BF) in the field of reinforced cement composites. Effect of BF on mortar drying shrinkage, mechanical prosperities and bond performance were studied. The results showed that adding of BF reduced markedly dry shrinkage of mortar especially at early ages. BF mortar had a greater compressive and flexural strength at early hydration period，but had a little less strength at the age of 28-days than mortar without fiber. Four point bending tests shows that addition of BF increased effectively toughness of mortar specimen at 28-days at the same loading, but had not a remarkable effect on fracture strength. A good bond was observed between BF and mortar matrix interface zone by SEM in early ages and there was debonding phenomenon between BF and mortar matrix in the long-term ages.
Simulation and Fuzzy Control Study on the CVT Metal V Belt Axial Misalignment of Car
Authors: Zang Fa Ye
Published: January 2010

Based on the analysis of the belt misalignment of the metal V belt CVT, the reason of the belt misalignment has been discussed. In order to control the misalignment, an electro-hydraulic control system has been designed. After deeply analyzing the structure and principle of the electro-hydraulic control system, the mathematical model of the electro-hydraulic control system has been established. Being varieties of the working situation of car and the non-linearity of the electro-hydraulic control system, A Fuzzy PID algorithm has been designed. Then the simulation of the belt misalignment has been conducted, and the simulation results show that the electro-hydraulic control system and the fuzzy controller could not only control ratio, which had a higher accuracy of the stable state and a stronger robust of the driving condition, but also eliminated the belt misalignment, improved the dynamic performance of the metal V belt CVT.
Synthesis and Properties of Linear Chloroacetylated Polystyrene
Authors: Zhao Hong Chi , Guo Juan Li , Sun Ai Juan , Gao Ling Ling
Published: January 2010

Polystyrene (PS) was synthesized by emulsion polymerization. The linear chloroacetylated PS was prepared high effectively by Friedel-Crafts acetylation of PS using chloroacetyl chloride and anhydrous aluminium chloride as chloroacetylation reagent and catalysts, respectively. The structure of chloroacetyl group is similar to that of chloromethyl group. In this method, carcinogenic compound (chloromethyl ether etc.) was avoided and the reactions of secondary cross link and multi-substitute could be eliminated. The resultant polymers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometery (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis. The effects of reaction conditions on chloroacetylation were studied, and the optimum reaction conditions were obtained. Chloroacetyl group was introduced into benzene ring of PS because of the appearance of the absorption peaks at 1695cm-1 (due to C=O bonds) and 644cm-1 (due to C-Cl bonds) in the FTIR spectrum. The thermal stability of the chloroacetylated PS was decreased with increasing chloroacetyl group. Moreover, there were two decomposing stages. The glass transition temperature of chloroacetylated PS increased with substitution value increasing. The effects of the reaction conditions such as reaction temperature, the solvent amount and the concentration of chloroacetyl chloride and anhydrous aluminium chloride on the chloroacetylation of PS were obvious. The certain loading can be controlled when it is lower than the maximum loading of chloroacetylated PS. The reaction condition is gentle and the operation is safe, simple and economical so that Friedel-Crafts acetylation of PS is an ideal reaction method.
Synthesis of Zero-Birefringence Polymers Based on Positive and Negative Birefringence Polymer
Authors: Yang Wen Jun , Liu Guo Zhu , Wang Ji Min , Xia Du Ling
Published: January 2010

Birefringence of a polymer is caused by polymer chain orientation during an injection-molding, extrusion processing or heat drawing. Birefringence of polymers degrades the performance of optical devices that require focusing by lenses or maintaining the polarization state of incident light. Optical polymers which exhibit no birefringence with any orientation of polymer chains are desirable to realize high performance optical devices that handle polarized light. In this study we demonstrate the random copolymerization method for synthesizing the zero-birefringence polymers in which positive and negative birefringence homopolymer are blended. We synthesize a polymer that exhibits no orientational birefringence with any orientation degree in a system that is composed of Methyl methacrylate/Styrene/Benzyl methacrylate.
Synthesis and Properties of Liquid Crystalline Polyurethanes from 4,4-bis (6-hydroxyhexoxy) Biphenyl and 3,3'-Dimethyl-4, 4’-Biphenylene Diisocyanate
Authors: Chen Xiao Dong , Zhou Nan Qiao , Zhang Hai
Published: January 2010

A thermotropic liquid crystalline polyurethane (LCPU) was synthesized by the polyaddition reaction of 3,3'-dimethyl-4,4'-biphenylene diisocyanate (TODI) with 4,4-bis(6-hydroxyhexoxy)biphenyl (BHHBP). The liquid crystalline behavior of the polymer was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarized optical microscopy (POM), wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). The LCPU exhibited a nematic phase with a threaded texture and had a wide mesophase temperature range. And thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicated the decomposition temperature of the LCPU was >300°C. The observation of POM showed that the LCPU was a thermotropic nematic liquid crystalline polymer at certain temperature range.
Synthesis and Characterization of Biphenylnate Liquid Crystalline Polyurethanes
Authors: Ban Jian Feng , Lu Shao Rong , Zhang Chen Xi
Published: January 2010

A series of novel biphenylnate liquid crystalline polyurethanes (BLCPs) were synthesized by polyaddition reaction of 4,4’-dihydroxybiphenyl with 2,4-TDI(2,4-toluenediisocyanate) and diethylene glycol through changing the molar ratio of diphenol and diol. The thermotropic properties, the melting point (Tm) and the isotropization temperature (Ti) of the synthesized polyurethanes were characterized by FT-IR, DSC, POM and WXRD. The results of experiments showed that all of the polyurethane polymers exhibited thermotropic liquid crystalline properties between 130°C and 230°C. The transition temperature (Tm and Ti) decreased with an increase in the length of the flexible chain.
Ionic Conductivity Induced Loss of Birefringence of Banana-Shaped Liquid Crystal
Authors: Huang Yuan Ming , Zhai Bao Gai
Published: January 2010

The effects of ionic conductivity on the electro-optical properties of a chiral banana-shaped liquid crystal 1,3-phenylene bis{4-[3-chloro-4-(3,7-dimethyloctyloxyl)] phenyliminomethyl} benzoate were investigated with the techniques of polarizing optical microscopy and dielectric spectroscopy. When the banana-shaped liquid crystal was experienced a low-frequency (1 Hz) triangular waveform electric field, its polarizing optical microscopic textures were first turned into gray and then into black at about 95oC, a few degrees lower than the clearing temperature of the banana-shaped liquid crystal. Detailed dielectric spectroscopic characterizations showed that ionic conductivity increased exponentially as the temperature increased from 72 to 110oC. Our results suggested that dominant ionic conductivity near its clearing temperature is responsible for the electric-field induced loss in the birefringence of the banana-shaped liquid crystal.
Laser Beam Induces Reorientation in Nematic Liquid Crystals
Authors: Jiang I Min , Chen Yu Jen , Hung Wen Chi , Kuo C.T. , Jang D.J. , Shih Chia Chi , Tsai Ming Shan
Published: January 2010

Nematic liquid crystals (NLCs) can be easily reoriented by the laser beam at the temperature closed to the nematic–isotropic phase transition (TNI). At the temperature closed to TNI, the propagating mode of laser beam and the optically induced phase transition were explored by using a microscopic conoscope technique. This investigation demonstrates the formation of soliton at particular beam propagation modes. The interaction between nematic liquid crystals and the laser beam with different polarizations showed the nonlinearity in optical alignment.
Effect of Dithiocarboxylate Anchoring Group on Electronic Transport in 4,4′-Biphenyldithiol Molecular Junction
Authors: Xia Cai Juan , Liu Han Cheng , Cheng Peng Fei , Fang Chang Feng
Published: January 2010

Using nonequilibrium Green’s function and first-principles calculations, we investigate the effects of different molecular conformations induced by torsion angle on electronic transport and their stability in 4,4′-biphenyl bis (dithiocarboxylate) molecular junction under an applied electric field. The results indicate that there are two stable conformations existed in this molecular junction as external bias increasing. An electric field can be used to “switch” one conformation to the other, and there is an abrupt change in the degree of torsion angle in this process. This change is expected to cause a conductance switching in the system. Furthermore, the transport mechanism of this conformational molecular switch is discussed in detail.
Electrically Switched Liquid Crystal Color and Device Applications
Authors: Lu Shin Ying , Chien Liang Chy
Published: January 2010

We demonstrate a polymer-stabilized cholesteric liquid crystal (PSChLC) where the reflected color can be electrically-switched to reflect a different color at a shorter wavelength (blue-shift). A polymerizable additive formulation is used to ensure a wider range of color tuning and anisotropic reflection where on side reflects and the other side transmits the incident light in response to applied voltage. A second electrically switched color based on polymer-stabilized blue phase (PSBP) liquid crystal is also demonstrated. Applying an electric field across the cell results in a red-shift in Bragg reflected wavelength due to the electrostriction effect. These switchable color devices of are color filters and polarizers free which are suitable for electronic papers.
Influence of Cooling Rates on Phase Transitions of Bent-Core Liquid Crystal 1,3-Phenylene-bis[4-(hexylcarboyloxyl)benzylideneamine]
Authors: Huang Yuan Ming , Ma Qing Lan , Zhai Bao Gai
Published: January 2010

The influence of cooling rate on the phase transitions of a three-benzene-ring containing bent-core liquid crystal 1,3-phenylene-bis[4-(hexylcarboyloxyl)benzylideneamine] has been investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry and polarized optical microscopy. Our results show that the cooling rates in the second cooling run pose significant effects on the phase transitions of the bent-core liquid crystal despite the cooling rates in the first cooling run pose little effects on the phase transitions. In the second cooling run, the banana phases survived only when the cooling rates were in the range of 14~15oC/min whereas both slow cooling rates which were less than 13oC/min and fast cooling rates which were higher than 16oC/min made the banana phases disappeared.
Influences of Flexoelectric Polarization on Easy Direction and Director Distribution of Non-Symmetric NLC Cell
Authors: Guan Rong Hua
Published: January 2010

Considering flexoelectric polarization, the equilibrium equation and boundary condition for tilt angle are derived. The influence of flexoelectric polarization on cell with different anchoring for the two substrates (i.e. a non-symmetric cell) is investigated. We show that, the easy direction is changed by flexoelectric polarization. The planar anchoring cell may equivalent to hybrid aligned cell under certain conditions. The influence of flexoelectric polarization on the director distribution is simulated by numerical method.
Laser Diffractions in Lyotropic Liquid Crystal Formed by Sodium Dodecyl Sulfonate
Authors: Liu Wei Wei , Huang Yuan Ming
Published: January 2010

The laser diffractions phenomenon of surrounding bubbles of lyotropic liquid crystal formed by sodium dodecylsulfonate were investigated with polarized optical microscope and helium-neon laser, respectively. The eleven orders of diffractions can be observed when a beam of helium-neon laser is perpendicularly incident on the surrounding bubbles of lyotropic liquid crystal formed by sodium dodecyl sulfonate. The wavelength of the incident light is 633nm. And we have calculated the periodicity, p, of the grating was 0.211mm, and the small diffraction angle was 0.1146o. So we have simulated the microstructure of surrounding bubbles in the lyotropic liquid crystal formed by sodium dodecyl sulfonate.
Alignment Behaviors on ITO Glass and Electrical Properties of Triphenylene Compound
Authors: Zhang Chun Xiu , He Zhi Qun , Pu Jia Ling , Ning Yu , Wu Hao , Wang Chuan Yue , Zhang Ming
Published: January 2010

The alignment of 2, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11-hexapentaloxy triphenylene (HAT5) on ITO glasses was investigated by polarizing optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimeter, X-ray diffraction and scan scanning electron microscope in this study. The results showed that the alignment of 2, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11-hexapentaloxy triphenylene can be fixed at room temperature by heating the sample to the isotropic temperature and annealing at 100°C overnight and then cooling slowly back to room temperature; the ordered arrangements of the micro structures are disconnected. The disconnection of the microstructure and the size of columnar assemblies can also be confirmed from the SEM observations.
Photo-Alignment Effect in Liquid-Crystal Films Containing Nanoparticles and Azo-Dye
Authors: Lin Tsung Hsien , Chen Wen Zheng
Published: January 2010

This work reports the photo-alignment effect in a liquid-crystal film doped with nanoparticles and azo-dye. Vertical alignment induced by the nanoparticles polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) can be switched to homogeneous alignment by the absorption of photo-excited azo-dye. Both electro-optical and surface properties are analyzed to verify this effect. Using this photo-alignment technique in nanoparticle- and azo-dye-doped liquid crystal, the phase grating is also demonstrated. The diffraction efficiency is related to the polarization of the probe light and can be controlled by applying voltage. Both nanoparticle- and azo-dye-induced vertical and homogeneous alignments are non-contact aligning methods. Thus, the technique based on dopant-induced alignment has potential for practical applications.
A Smart Bent-Core Liquid Crystal to Write Chinese Characters
Authors: Huang Yuan Ming , Zhai Bao Gai , Ma Qing Lan
Published: January 2010

We demonstrate that a bent-core liquid crystal 1,3-phenylene-bis(4-butoxybenzylidene amine) can write the Chinese character 人, which means a person in English, when the bent-core compound gets cooled from its isotropic phase. The polarized optical microscopic graphs illustrate that the bent-core molecules are able to self-assemble themselves into the Chinese character either in a sequential order or in a reverse order. Our results reveal that bent-core molecules have the capability of being smart materials.
Alignment Change of Discotic Liquid Crystal Domains with Wavelength Tunable CO2 Laser Irradiation
Authors: Monobe Hirosato , Shimizu Yo
Published: January 2010

Infrared-induced alignment change with wavelength tunable CO2 laser irradiation for columnar liquid crystal domains was investigated for a triphenylene-based discotic liquid crystal. A uniformly aligned alignment change of domains was observed when a plused linearly polarized infrared laser light corresponding to the wavelength of the aromatic C-O-C stretching vibration band (9.65µm) was irradiated while it was not re-aligned uniformly with continious wave irradiation. The results strongly imply that the infrared irradiation is a possible technique for device fabrication by use of columnar mesophase as a liquid crystalline semiconductor.
Calculation and Prediction: An Effective Security Device Consisted of Photo Alignment Nematic Liquid Crystal Films and Polarizers
Authors: Zhou Ji Wei , Ke Guang Ming , Wang Bin , Liu Wei Dong , Li Rui Xing
Published: January 2010

The paper reports the methods for making a novel optical device consisted of photo alignment nematic liquid crystal films and polarizers. The color shift of the device depends on not only the viewing angle but also the viewing orientation. The retardation and intensity of the reflected light are theoretically calculated on the basis of Jones Matrix, and a spectral-RGB transition program is introduced to display colorful results directly. The theoretical results show excellent agreement with experimental data. It is an effective method for predicting interference color and optimizing key parameters of the device. The device can be used to protect valuable documents against fraud because of its special optical variable effects which is caused by interference of polarized light.
Controllable Viewing-Angle Display Using GHLC Cell as Backlight Panel
Authors: Yang Wen Jun , Leng Jin Bi , Huang Zi Qiang , Chen Xiao Xi , Wang Ji Min
Published: January 2010

There is a desire for a display technology which can change the display viewing angle. Controllable Viewing Angle (CVA) device has been developed by using a Guest-Host liquid crystal cell which allows a high light-shielding effect and the control with a wide range of available viewing angle. By putting the CVA device on a Thin-Film Transistor ( TFT ) Liquid-Crystal Panel, or placing a Guest-Host Liquid Crystal (GHLC) device between the LED and the backlight, we have realized a simple controllable viewing-angle LCD which could be switched in the narrow and normal(wide) viewing angle. The viewing angle can decrease to 40° when power is on but it also can shift to normal viewing angle when power is off.
An Easy Way to Make Liquid Crystal Cells for Laboratory Uses
Authors: Zhai Bao Gai , Huang Yuan Ming
Published: January 2010

We present an easy way to make liquid crystal cells for laboratory uses. It is demonstrated that a homemade LC cell can be made out of two pieces of ITO glasses, a tiny amount of glue and four tiny pieces of thin Mylar films as spacers. The flatness of the thin panels is evaluated with an ultraviolet-visible spectrometer by measuring the transmission spectra for a series spots on the homemade LC cell. Tests of our homemade LC cells filled with a banana-shaped LC show that the quality of our homemade LC cell is good enough for regular laboratory tests of newly synthesized LC compounds.
Precision Recycle Module for Digital-Paper Display Using Twins-Cylinder Tool
Authors: Pa Pai Shan
Published: January 2010

A new effective fabrication module was developed to mediate the problem of the low yield of Indium-tin-oxide (ITO) nanostructures deposition uses micro electroremoval technology and a design of twins-cylinder tool as a precision etching process to remove the defective Indium-tin-oxide (ITO) from the optical PET diaphragm surfaces of digital-paper displays. For the removal-process, a small gap width between the negative electrode and the workpiece (optical PET diaphragm) surface corresponds to a higher removal rate for the ITO. A small diameter of the anode or a small diameter of the cathode of the twins-cylinder tool provides large electric current density and takes less time for the same amount (20 nm) of ITO removal. High rotational speed of the twins-cylinder tool the discharge mobility and results in improving the removal effect. Providing enough electrical power can uses fast feed rate of the optical PET diaphragm combined with a fast removal rate for ITO. With increasing in current rating, pulsed direct current can improve the effect of dregs discharge and is advantageous to associate with the fast feed rate of the optical PET diaphragm. By establishing a recycling process using the ultra-precise removal of thin-film nanostructures, through the micro electroremoval and the twins-cylinder electrodes requires only a short period of time to remove the ITO thin-film easily and cleanly. The optoelectronic semiconductor industry can effectively recycle defective products, minimizing both production costs and pollution.
Dependence of Optical Properties of UV-Curable Sealant on Amount of Catalyst N, N-Dimethylbenzylamine
Authors: Ma Qing Lan , Huang Yuan Ming
Published: January 2010

In the presence of the catalyst N, N-dimethylbenzylamine, a series of ultraviolet-curable sealants 1-6 were synthesized by varying the catalyst amount from 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 part in the process of polymerizing the epoxy resin (25 parts) with acrylic acid (17.5 parts). After having been cured by UV light, the transmittance of equally-thick films of the sealants changed with the amount of the catalyst. Furthermore, we recorded the transmittance of UV-cured sealant films when aged in air at high temperatures. Our results have demonstrated that the amount of catalyst poses limited effects on the transmittance of the synthesized sealants
System Design on a Field Emission with Phosphor Detection
Authors: An Ji Yu , Deng Chao , Li Yong Jun , Sun Tie Zhen
Published: January 2010

It is well-known that the phosphor is widely used for the field emission display (FED), and its luminescent and temperature properties are very important for the effect of display. In this paper, we propose a measurement scheme for the phosphor, and design a test-equipment to test the luminescent and temperature properties of phosphor. Furthermore, the equipment can also be used for the life-test of the phosphor because it can generate a great excitation power. Finally, there are design principle, structure and some data and result which we obtained in the experiment. These data will be very useful for the design of FED.
Crystallization of Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon by Rapid Thermal Method
Authors: Jin Rui Min , Li Ding Zhen , Chen Lan Li , Guo Xin Feng , Lu Jing Xiao
Published: January 2010

Amorphous silicon films prepared by PECVD on silex glass substrate has been crystallized by rapid thermal annealing (RTA), From the Raman spectra and scanning electronic microscope (SEM), it was found that the Raman spectra wa best crystallized at 950°C for 5 min. The thin film made by RTA was smoothly and perfect structure.
ZnO Films Growth at Different Temperature on the Substrate of Corning Glass by MOCVD
Authors: Tang W. , Yang X. , Wang C. , Zhao C. , Gao X. , Yang J. , Liu B. , Liang H. , Zhao Jie , Sun J. , Du G.
Published: January 2010

We deposited ZnO films on Corning glass substrate by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). We found the diffraction (002) peak at ~34.46°, indicating that the ZnO thin films were C-oriented. ZnO films were highly transparent with a transmission ratio larger than 85% in the visible range. The surface morphology of the films was observed by atomic force microscopy (AFM).
Temperature Distribution in Focused Area of a Cell by Short Pulse Laser
Authors: Wang Ya Wei , Han Guang Cai , Liu Ying , Lei Hai Na , Bu Min , Cheng Xiao Nong , Wyrowski Frank
Published: January 2010

For studying the effect between short laser pulse and red blood cell (RBC) in a more accurate and powerful way, the light beam characters of a focused femtosecond pulse are studied with a simulation method, and then, a mixed wave-propagating model (MWP) is put forward after analyzing these characters, in which, light beam is thought as propagating in a Gaussian focused shape. In addition, a mathematical processing and linear absorption model in the focused irradiated region of RBC is built based on analyzing its physical mechanism. Finally, the temperature distribution within the RBC is gotten by data simulating calculation, which shows that the temperature variety caused by linear absorption in the focal region is rather small.
Influence of Annealing Process on the Magnetic Induction Effect of FeSiB Amorphous Alloy Ribbons
Authors: Wang Xiao Jun , Fu Xiao Guang
Published: January 2010

The influences of frequency, magnetic field density, importing waveform and annealing process on the rangeability of Fe78Si9B13 amorphous alloy ribbon’s magnetic induction effect were studied. The results showed that the rangeability increased with the magnetic field density increased when frequency below 75 kHz, but decreased with the field density increased when frequency over 75 kHz. Compared with quenched ribbons, the rangeability increase after annealed, and the rangeability reached maximum annealed at 300°C for 1.5 hours. When the input waveform is 75 kHz positive pulse and field intensity is 358A/m, the rangeability the quenched ribbons was 2.27V but it reached to 2.85V after annealed at 300°C for 1.5hours.
Temperature Cycle Measurement System Based on Single Chip Computer
Authors: Yin Xi , Wang Xiao Jun , Xie Yong Que
Published: January 2010

This thesis introduces a low cost and high precision temperature cycle measurement system with adoption of PT100 as temperature sensor, with single chip computer as the core. The method of sub-three-wire connection is proposed for engineering practice, then, can eliminate the effects of lead wire resistance and simplify the external cable connection. We discuss and research circuit component selection, circuit design, improving system reliability, and a software method of piecewise linearization process is adopted, thus we ensure exact and reliable measure and the system characteristic of low cost and high precision.
Effect of Mortar-Pestle Grinding on Conductivity of Ferric Chloride Doped Polypyrrole
Authors: Huang Yuan Ming , Zhou Fu Fang , She Zhuo Ran , Pan Chun Xu
Published: January 2010

With four-probe technique, we investigated the effects of the mortar-pestle grinding on the conductivity of ferric chloride doped conducting polymer polypyrrole, which had been synthesized by in situ polymerizing the monomer pyrrole in aqueous solutions in the presence of the oxidant iron (III) chloride. As the mortar-pestle grinding duration increased from 0 to 4 hours, the conductivity of the synthesized polypyrrole was found to decrease from about 100 to 10 S/m. In the meantime, the sizes of the grinded polymeric particles were found to decrease from 40.6 to 3.36 m as the grinding duration increased from 0 to 4 hours. Our results demonstrated that the grinding shortened conjugation lengths of the polymeric chains should be responsible for the decrease in the conductivity of the polymer.
Fabrication of ZnO Thin Film Transistors Based on the Substrate of Glass
Authors: Yang X. , Wang C. , Zhao C. , Tang W. , Gao X. , Yang J. , Liu B. , Qi X. , Du G. , Cao J.
Published: January 2010

In our paper, we induced the process of ZnO based thin film transistors (ZnO-TFTs) fabricated on the substrate of glass. The photolithographic plate designed for using in the ZnO-TFT devices fabrication process was shown in our paper. The ZnO-TFT devices were fabricated successfully, the Ion/off ratio is ~104.
Synthesis and Mesomorphic Property of 2,5-Aryl-1,3,4-Oxadiazole/Thiadiazole Derivatives Bearing a Terminal Thiophene Unit
Authors: Han Jie , Zhang Feng Yan , Wang Juan Yu
Published: January 2010

The synthesis and characterization of a series of heterocyclic compounds 2a-2d based on 1,3,4-oxadiazole/ thiadiazole, furan and thiophene units are reported. The thermal behaviors of these compounds were investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarizing optical microscopy (POM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivative 2b exhibited enantiotropic smectic C and A mesophases with wide temperature range and good thermal stability, while all of the other compounds did not show liquid crystalline behaviors. The results indicate that 1,3,4-thiadiazole-based compounds are more beneficial to form stable mesophases than the corresponding 1,3,4-oxadiazole analogues, and the compounds with a central furan unit as the rigid core may result in the loss of the meosgenic behaviors due to the non-linear molecular structure.
Characteristics of Networked Manufacturing Resources
Authors: Yin Kai , Tu Juan , Wang Xiao Jun
Published: January 2010

Along with the networked manufacturing technology development and deep research of resources classification, the question of resource management appears prominently. Resources attribute constitution has been analyzed under the network manufacture environment from the resources classification management; the resources attribute and the data exchange form have been proposed under the isomerism environment
Research on Quantum State in Fabricating Poly-Si Films
Authors: Jin Rui Min , Chen Lan Li , Luo Peng Hui , Guo Xin Feng , Lu Jing Xiao
Published: January 2010

Amorphous silicon films prepared by PECVD on glass substrate have been crystallized by rapid thermal annealing (RTA). By means of micro-Raman scattering and scanning electronic microscope (SEM), the quantum states in these processions are found and discussed.
Microstructures of Strontium Aluminates and Polystyrene Phosphorescent Composite Films
Authors: Guo Ye Tang , Huang Yuan Ming
Published: January 2010

Strontium-aluminates-based phosphorescent composite films were prepared by homogeneously distributing the green light emitting phosphors within polystyrene hosts. The composite films have the unique properties of flexibility of the polymers and the long-lasting phosphorescence of the strontium-aluminates-based phosphors. The microstructures of the flexible composite films were characterized with scanning electron microscopy. The results indicated that the organic and inorganic materials can be combined with each other better, and the composite films can be easily rolled but will not generate cracks. Therefore, this composite technology can effectively enhance the moisture resistance of the phosphors and the films can be used in the filed of information display.
Preparation and Properties of PZN-PZT/PVDF Piezoelectric Composites Modified by Graphite
Authors: Hu Shan , Shen Shang Yue , Han Hong Chang
Published: January 2010

The graphite-modified PZN-PZT/PVDF composites were fabricated by hot-pressed process using PZN-PZT ceramic powder, PVDF and graphite powder. The effect of graphite content on the electrical properties of the piezoelectric composites was investigated. The results indicated that the piezoelectric constant d33 could be enhanced obviously by adding suitable content of graphite into the composites. When 0.8wt% graphite was added, the PZN-PZT/PVDF composites showed the excellent properties: σ=3.31×10-6S/m, εr=133, tanδ=0.066, Kp=0.228, Qm=22.8 and d33=40.6pC/N, which showed 28% higher than that of the composites without graphite.
Super Liquid Crystal
Authors: Yang Guo Chen
Published: January 2010

If a spontaneous orientation order appears in the liquid crystal- droplets system of a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC), and the order parameter satisfies Ś =  ≠ 0, then the corresponding state is called as the super-liquid-crystal (SLC).It is suggested that by reforming the ordinary PDLC making-scheme assumed SLC state may be observed in experiments.
A Novel Denoising Algorithm Based on Fuzzy Clustering and Wavelet Transform
Authors: Wei Shan , Ou Yang Chun Juan , Wei Si Min
Published: January 2010

According to analyzing the different wavelet coefficients' transmission property of signals and noises under different scales of the wavelet transform, LEFC denoising algorithm based on fuzzy clustering and wavelet transform is proposed. Our experimental evaluations show that the algorithm is effective and robust to restore the images compared with the other wavelet soft-thresholding algorithms. When the ratio exceeds 40 %, LEFC gives superior performance.
Effects of Red and Green Laser Irradiations on the Optical Properties of an Azo-Containing Bent-Core Liquid Crystal
Authors: Huang Yuan Ming , Zhou Fu Fang , Zhai Bao Gai
Published: January 2010

With the ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, we have investigated the effects of red laser (633 nm) and green laser (532 nm) irradiations on the optical absorption of the ethyl alcohol solutions of an azo-containing bent-core liquid crystal. As the irradiation duration increases, the optical absorptions at about 360 nm of the bent-core compound exhibit concentration dependent and irradiation-time dependent features. The absorptions of dilute solutions (~2.2 mg/litter) are not sensitive to the laser irradiation duration whereas the absorptions of higher concentrations (~10 mg/litter) decrease as the laser irradiation continues. Our results have demonstrated that laser irradiation induced thermolysis is responsible for the dissociation of the azo-linkages in azo-containing bent-core compound. The mechanisms on the red and green light irradiations are discussed.
Studies of Transmission Properties of Guest-Host Black Liquid Crystal Device
Authors: Chen Xiao Xi , Huang Zi Qiang , Yang Wen Jun , Leng Jin Bi
Published: January 2010

This research is to develop a black-white liquid crystal adjustable grating using the period distributed electronic field pulsing on guest-host liquid crystal. The transmission properties of parallel or twisted-alignment liquid crystal cells have been investigated by means of numerical simulating and experiencing the guest-host liquid crystal cells, and analyze how the parameters of the LC cell effects such basic characteristics of LCDs as the contrast, brightness and polarity of the viewing angles. The result is the alignment impact on the transmittance of the liquid crystal cell. A good agreement between the experimental result and the calculated data was achieved.
Influence of Surface Finishing on Corrosion Behaviour of Mg-Al Hydrotalcite Doped Hybrid Sol-Gel Coatings on Al Alloy in Saline Environment
Authors: Álvarez D. , Collazo A. , Hernández Miguel , Nóvoa Xosé R. , Pérez C.
Published: January 2010

The behaviour of hybrid sol-gel coatings doped with hydrotalcite-like compound applied on AA2024-T3 alloy was investigated in the present work. The hybrid sol-gel coatings were prepared by copolymerization of 3-Glycydoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) and tetra-n-propoxyzirconium (TPOZ). Three different surface finishing on the aluminium alloy AA-2024-T3, grounded, chemical etching and degreased were studied. A sol-gel film with hydrotalcite 5% w/w was deposited by dip coating procedure. The presence of hydrotalcite particles was confirmed by means of X-ray diffraction technique. The different surface morphologies were characterised using mechanical profilometry. The corrosion resistance properties were studied by means of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and salt fog spray cabinet. The results show higher barrier properties in grounded aluminium substrates.
Modification of the Surface Layers of Fluoropolymer Films by DC Discharge for the Purpose of the Improvement of Adhesion Properties
Authors: Gilman A. , Piskarev M. , Shmakova N. , Yablokov M. , Kuznetsov A.
Published: January 2010

The effect of dc discharge treatment at the anode and cathode on the surface properties of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), tetrafluoroethylene–hexafluoropropylene copolymer (FEP) and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) polymer films was studied. It was found that the modification of the films under conditions that ensure the separation of the discharge active species acting on the polymer materials makes it possible to achieve substantially lover values for the contact angle and higher values for the surface energy than in the case of other modes of discharge. The changes in the composition and structure of the films were studied by means of IR spectroscopy and electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA). It was found that new oxygen-containing groups are formed on the polymer surface as a result of dc discharge treatment. To appreciate the adhesion characteristics of fluoropolymer films modified by dc discharge, American Society for Testing and Materials Standard Test Method for Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test (ASTM D3359-02) was used. The adhesion tape Scotch 810 and vacuum metallization of the film surface are account for the basis of this method. It was found that the adhesive bonding strength of the plasma treated films substantially increased.
Structure and Corrosion Resistance of Zn-Ni and Zn-Ni-W Coatings
Authors: Popczyk Magdalena , Budniok Antoni
Published: January 2010

Zn-Ni and Zn-Ni-W coatings were prepared by the electrodeposition under the galvanostatic conditions (jdep. = -0.020 A cm-2) from the zinc bath containing additionally ions of nickel (Zn-Ni) and ions of nickel and tungsten (Zn-Ni-W). The Zn-Ni coating after electrodeposition was subjected to outside passivation and in the Zn-Ni-W coating the passive function performs tungsten (inside passivation). The surface morphology of the coatings was studied using a scanning electron microscope (JEOL JSM - 6480). Chemical composition of obtained coatings was determined by the X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF). Phase composition investigations were conducted by X-ray diffraction method using a Philips diffractometer. Electrochemical corrosion resistance investigations were carried out in the 3% NaCl, using potentiodynamic and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods. On the basis of these investigations it was found that Zn-Ni coating is more corrosion resistant than the
Zn-Ni-W coating.
The Production and Properties of Electrolytic Zn-Ni Layers Deposited by Pulse Current Method
Authors: Wykpis Katarzyna , Budniok Antoni
Published: January 2010

The Zn-Ni layers were obtained by electrolytic method in the conditions of pulse current with symmetric current pause. The austenitic steel (OH18N9) was used as the cathode. The morphology, phase and surface chemical composition of the layers deposited at reduction current densities ic = 5 – 25 mAcm2, were defined. The surface morphology of deposited layers and surface chemical elements distribution were studied using a scanning electron microscope (JEOL JSM-6480). On the basis on this research, the possibility of deposition of Zn-Ni layers contained about 8 – 10 % at. Ni was exhibited. The optimal pulse current condition of Zn-Ni layers deposition were proposed namely ic=20mA•cm2, ton = toff = 2ms. It was stated, that surface chemical composition of Zn-Ni layers is independent on pulse current densities of deposition, whereas development of Zn-Ni surface increases with the increase in the pulse current density of deposition. The corrosion resistance investigations showed that passivation and heat treatment improved the corrosion resistance of Zn-Ni layers in 5% NaCl solution. Higher corrosion resistance of heated Zn-Ni layers is caused by the creation of Ni5Zn21 intermetallic phase. Moreover the heated Zn-Ni layers are characterized by slightly higher corrosion resistance compared with metallic Cd. Microhardness of the layers was investigated by Vickers diamond testing machine.
Large Surface Area of HMDS Plasma Polymerized Thin Film Used for Production of Miniaturized Structures
Authors: Silva Lilian Marques , Lima Roberto R. , Fachini E.R. , Simões E.W. , Pecoraro E. , Silva Maria Lucia Pereira
Published: January 2010

The aim of this work was the production of a large surface area of hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) plasma-deposited thin films and their applicability in a miniaturized structure useful for preliminary analysis of organic mixtures. The HMDS plasma films were produced with different surface areas and morphologies, and all films adsorbed polar and non-polar organic compounds. A low cost miniaturized structure was manufactured in glass using a Milling cutter and covered with HMDS plasma films. Good agreement was observed between simulation and experimental results on those microstructures. The observed different performance between pure and mixtures of organic compound samples suggests that the proposed system is a simple setup that could be useful for rough analysis of a fuel.
Perfluorocompound and Hexamethyldisilazane Thin Film Composite Material Used for Surface Modification
Authors: Lima Roberto R. , Fachini E.R. , Silva Lilian Marques , Matsuy E.Y. , Pecoraro E. , Silva Maria Lucia Pereira
Published: January 2010

The aim of this work was to produce, to characterize and test selective membranes based on derivatives from organic fluorinated/silicon compounds. The produced composites presented silicon and fluorinated species on the surface. The morphology of these non uniform surfaces showed big domains in the micrometer scale but a closer view reveals structures also in the nanometer range. Contact angle measurements showed a mildly hydrophobic and organophilic surface. Polymeric tapes treated with this composite showed an increase on permeation rate for the organic compounds. An acrylic device that employed this modified polymeric tape was manufactured and used for sample pretreatment during chemical analysis.
Lead Free CaTiO3-Based Ceramics: Sintering, Phase Transitions and Dielectric Properties
Authors: Taïbi-Benziada Laldja , Nemouchi Samira
Published: January 2010

Various chemical compositions (1-x)CaTiO3+xMgF2+xLiF were prepared and dry-ground. The powder mixtures were pressed to pellets and co-fired at 900°C for 2h. The obtained ceramics were investigated by XRD, SEM, DSC and dielectric measurements. A new solid solution with nominal composition Ca1-xMgx(Ti1-xLix)O3-3xF3x occurred in the initial composition range 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.25. The fluoride additive MgF2+LiF lowered significantly the sintering temperature of pure CaTiO3. Above room temperature, one or two second order phase transitions were detected by DSC and confirmed by dielectric measurements. Moreover, below room temperature, a frequency peak dependent on the permittivity and losses was observed and the quantum paraelectric behaviour of CaTiO3 disappeared with increasing x. These oxifluorides could be of interest for electronic applications.
Material Parameter Identification of Cazacu’s Model for Ti6Al4V Using the Simulated Annealing Algorithm
Authors: Gilles Gaëtan , Habraken Anne Marie , Duchêne Laurent
Published: January 2010

Phenomenological yield criteria are generally described by many material parameters. A technique to identify these parameters is required to find the best fit to the results of the mechanical tests. The parameter identification by the classical simulated annealing technique is presented in this paper. This algorithm, based on works by Metropolis et al, is a global optimization method that distinguishes between different local optima to reach the global optimum. The anisotropic model used in this study is the one proposed by Cazacu et al. To prove the efficiency of the proposed algorithm, the material parameters of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy are identified and compared with those obtained using different identification procedures and the same experimental data.