bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Processing of Advanced Battery Materials—Laser Cutting of Pure Lithium Metal Foils
Authors: Jansen Tobias , Blass David , Hartwig Sven , Dilger Klaus
Published: August 2018

Due to the increasing demand for high-performance cells for mobile applications, the standards of the performance of active materials and the efficiency of cell production strategies are rising. One promising cell technology to fulfill the increasing requirements for actual and future applications are all solid-state batteries with pure lithium metal on the anode side. The outstanding electrochemical material advantages of lithium, with its high theoretical capacity of 3860 mAh/g and low density of 0.534 g/cm3, can only be taken advantage of in all solid-state batteries, since, in conventional liquid electrochemical systems, the lithium dissolves with each discharging cycle. Apart from the current low stability of all solid-state separators, challenges lie in the general processing, as well as the handling and separation, of lithium metal foils. Unfortunately, lithium metal anodes cannot be separated by conventional die cutting processes in large quantities. Due to its adhesive properties and toughness, mechanical cutting tools require intensive cleaning after each cut. The presented experiments show that remote laser cutting, as a contactless and wear-free method, has the potential to separate anodes in large numbers with high-quality cutting edges.
Late Effects and Survivorship Issues in Patients with Neuroblastoma
Authors: Friedman Danielle Novetsky , Henderson Tara O.
Published: August 2018

Over the past two decades, marked progress has been made in understanding the biology of neuroblastoma; this has led to refined risk stratification and treatment modifications with resultant increasing 5-year survival rates for children with neuroblastoma. Survivors, however, remain at risk for a wide variety of potential treatment-related complications, or “late effects”, which may lead to excess morbidity and premature mortality in this cohort. This review summarizes the existing survivorship literature on long-term health outcomes for survivors of neuroblastoma, focusing specifically on potential injury to the endocrine, sensory, cardiovascular, pulmonary, and renal systems, as well as survivors’ treatment-related risk for subsequent neoplasms and impaired quality of life. Additional work is needed to assess the potential late effects of newer multimodality therapies with the aim of optimizing long-term medical and psychosocial outcomes for all survivors of neuroblastoma.
Measurements of Dynamic Contributions to Coherent Neutron Scattering
Authors: Jaksch Sebastian , Koutsioubas Alexandros , Mattauch Stefan , Holderer Olaf , Frielinghaus Henrich
Published: August 2018

In this manuscript, we are investigating the contribution of dynamic membrane properties of phospholipid membranes to coherent scattering signals under grazing incidence. Spectroscopic measurements under grazing incidence can provide useful insight into the properties of biological membranes; however, they are often impeded by weak signals. By using grazing-incidence small-angle neutron scattering (GISANS) to identify a dynamic scattering contribution, we are able to independently corroborate the existence of a previously found dynamic mode, now measured by grazing-incidence neutron spin echo spectroscopy (GINSES). Additionally, by increasing the speed of measurement compared to GINSES from several days to hours, we were able to explore the temperature behavior of this mode in phospholipid membranes. These dynamic modes of the membranes show a wavelength of around 700 Å in-plane of the membrane and are most pronounced around 37 ∘C and strongly decrease at lower temperatures below 25 ∘C before vanishing at 20 ∘C. We therefore speculate that they may be linked to biologically relevant functions of the membranes themselves. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an investigation of that membrane mode by means of GISANS.
The Hydraulic Cavitation Affected by Nanoparticles in Nanofluids
Authors: Chen Min-Rui , Qian Jin-Yuan , Wu Zan , Yang Chen , Jin Zhi-Jiang , Sunden Bengt
Published: August 2018

When liquids flow through a throttling element, the velocity increases and the pressure decreases. At this point, if the pressure is below the saturated vapor pressure of this liquid, the liquid will vaporize into small bubbles, causing hydraulic cavitation. In fact, a vaporization nucleus is another crucial condition for vaporizing, and particles contained in the liquid can also work as the vaporization nuclear. As a novel heat transfer medium, nanofluids have attracted the attention of many scholars. The nanoparticles contained in the nanofluids play a significant role in the vaporization of liquids. In this paper, the effects of the nanoparticles on hydraulic cavitation are investigated. Firstly, a geometric model of a perforated plate, the throttling element in this paper, is established. Then with different nanoparticle volume fractions and diameters, the nanofluids flowing through the perforated plate are numerically simulated based on a validated numerical method. The operation conditions, such as the ratio of inlet to outlet pressures and the temperature are the considered variables. Additionally, cavitation numbers under different operating conditions are achieved to investigate the effects of nanoparticles on hydraulic cavitation. Meanwhile, the contours are extracted to research the distribution of bubbles for further investigation. This study is of interest for researchers working on hydraulic cavitation or nanofluids.
Democracy and Inter-Regional Trade Enhancement in Sub-Saharan Africa: Gravity Model
Authors: Durmaz Nazif , Kagochi John
Published: August 2018

There has been considerable research on the effect of democracy on trade openness since the 1980s when development strategies toward free trade and democracy were rapidly adopted in developing countries. Most studies have focused on Asian, Latin American, and former soviet bloc countries and few studies have focused on Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This study is an attempt to fill that gap and uses a gravity model approach to test the effects of democracy in SSA on trade. Our results show that democracy has substantial impact on openness to trade and SSA democratic countries will trade more with other countries irrespective of their level of democracy, when compared to non-democratic countries. The results do not vary much even when we use different sources of democracy variable. Also, democratic countries trade more among each other perhaps due to having a shared business environment.
Sinus Hemodynamics in Representative Stenotic Native Bicuspid and Tricuspid Aortic Valves: An In-Vitro Study
Authors: Hatoum Hoda , Dasi Lakshmi Prasad
Published: August 2018

(1) The study’s objective is to assess sinus hemodynamics differences between stenotic native bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) and native tricuspid aortic valve (TrAV) sinuses in order to assess sinus flow shear and vorticity dynamics in these common pathological states of the aortic valve. (2) Representative patient-specific aortic roots with BAV and TrAV were selected, segmented, and 3D printed. The flow dynamics within the sinus were assessed in-vitro using particle image velocimetry in a left heart simulator at physiological pressure and flow conditions. Hemodynamic data calculations, vortex tracking, shear stress probability density functions and sinus washout calculations based on Lagrangian particle tracking were performed. (3) (a) At peak systole, velocity and vorticity in BAV reach 0.67 ± 0.02 m/s and 374 ± 5 s−1 versus 0.49 ± 0.03 m/s and 293 ± 3 s−1 in TrAV; (b) Aortic sinus vortex is slower to form but conserved in BAV sinus; (c) BAV shear stresses exceed those of TrAV (1.05 Pa versus 0.8 Pa); (d) Complete TrAV washout was achieved after 1.5 cycles while it was not for BAV. (4) In conclusion, sinus hemodynamics dependence on the different native aortic valve types and sinus morphologies was clearly highlighted in this study.
WEBSEIDF: A Web-Based System for the Estimation of IDF Curves in Central Chile
Authors: Pizarro Roberto , Ingram Ben , Gonzalez-Leiva Fernando , Valdés-Pineda Rodrigo , Sangüesa Claudia , Delgado Nicolás , García-Chevesich Pablo , Valdés Juan B.
Published: August 2018

The lack of reliable continuous rainfall records can exacerbate the negative impact of extreme storm events. The inability to describe the continuous characteristics of rainfall from storm events increases the likelihood that the design of hydraulic structures will be inadequate. To mitigate extreme storm impacts and improve water governance at the catchment scale, it is vital to improve the availability of data and the array of tools used to model and forecast hydrological processes. In this paper, we describe and discuss the implementation of a web-based system for the estimation of intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) curves (WEBSEIDF) in Chile. The web platform was constructed using records from 47 pluviographic gauges available in central Chile (30–40° S), with at least 15 years of reliable records. IDF curves can be generated for durations ranging from 15 min to 24 h. In addition, the extrapolation of rainfall intensity from pluviograph to pluviometric gauges (i.e., 24-h rainfall accumulation) can be carried out using the storm index (SI) method. IDF curves can also be generated for any spatial location within central Chile using the ordinary Kriging method. These procedures allow the generation of numerical and graphical displays of IDF curves, for any selected spatial location, and for any combination of probability distribution function (PDF), parameter estimation method, and type of IDF model. One of the major advantages of WEBSEIDF is the flexibility of its database, which can be easily modified and saved to generate IDF curves under user-defined scenarios, that is, changing climate conditions. The implementation and validation of WEBSEIDF serves as a decision support system, providing an important tool for improving the ability of the Chilean government to mitigate the impact of extreme hydrologic events in central Chile. The system is freely available for students, researchers, and other relevant professionals, to improve technical decisions of public and private institutions.
Analyzing the December 2013 Metaponto Plain (Southern Italy) Flood Event by Integrating Optical Sensors Satellite Data
Authors: Lacava Teodosio , Ciancia Emanuele , Faruolo Mariapia , Pergola Nicola , Satriano Valeria , Tramutoli Valerio
Published: August 2018

Timely and continuous information about flood dynamics are fundamental to ensure an effective implementation of the relief and rescue operations. Satellite data provided by optical sensors onboard meteorological satellites could have great potential in this framework, offering an adequate trade-off between spatial and temporal resolution. The latest would benefit from the integration of observations coming from different satellite systems, also helping to increase the probability of finding cloud free images over the investigated region. The Robust Satellite Techniques for detecting flooded areas (RST-FLOOD) is a sensor-independent multi-temporal approach aimed at detecting flooded areas which has already been applied with good results on different polar orbiting optical sensors. In this work, it has been implemented on both the 250 m Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and the 375 m Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (SNPP) Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS). The flooding event affecting the Basilicata and Puglia regions (southern Italy) in December 2013 has been selected as a test case. The achieved results confirm the RST-FLOOD potential in reliably detecting, in case of small basins, flooded areas regardless of the sensor used. Flooded areas have indeed been detected with similar performance by the two sensors, allowing for their continuous and near-real time monitoring.
Simulation of Marine Bio-Composite Using Empirical Data Combined with Finite Element Technique
Authors: Roy Himanshu , Pahlevani Farshid , Cholake Sagar , Echeverria Claudia , Banerjee Amborish , Sahajwalla Veena
Published: August 2018

After development of world-first marine bio-composite from 100% waste materials, the necessity of obtaining a simulation tool to predict the performance of this novel material under different conditions has arisen. This study examines the combination of empirical optimization and finite element simulation method as an economic and time-effective tool to predict the mechanical performance of novel complex bio-composite mixtures at the design phase. Bio-composite panels were manufactured introducing marine bio-fillers as secondary reinforcements in a wood–polypropylene particulate blend, from 100% waste resources. The particulate panels were subject to tensile test for mechanical characterization. Based on these results, some of the necessary parameters for finite element simulation has defined empirically and a finite element model was developed utilizing ANSYS software, performing a simulation series. Post-processing of the simulation results was carried out to predict the deformation behavior of the material during the three-point bending test. To validate this technique of material definition, the simulated static bending test results were verified with factual physical tests, and both techniques were well in accordance with each other. This simulation method demonstrated reliable feedback on the behavior of materials for the development of innovative complex materials. Therefore, the time invested, materials used and experimental procedures can be significantly reduced, having significant economic benefits for research and industrial projects.
User-Centered Predictive Model for Improving Cultural Heritage Augmented Reality Applications: An HMM-Based Approach for Eye-Tracking Data
Authors: Pierdicca Roberto , Paolanti Marina , Naspetti Simona , Mandolesi Serena , Zanoli Raffaele , Frontoni Emanuele
Published: August 2018

Today, museum visits are perceived as an opportunity for individuals to explore and make up their own minds. The increasing technical capabilities of Augmented Reality (AR) technology have raised audience expectations, advancing the use of mobile AR in cultural heritage (CH) settings. Hence, there is the need to define a criteria, based on users’ preference, able to drive developers and insiders toward a more conscious development of AR-based applications. Starting from previous research (performed to define a protocol for understanding the visual behaviour of subjects looking at paintings), this paper introduces a truly predictive model of the museum visitor’s visual behaviour, measured by an eye tracker. A Hidden Markov Model (HMM) approach is presented, able to predict users’ attention in front of a painting. Furthermore, this research compares users’ behaviour between adults and children, expanding the results to different kind of users, thus providing a reliable approach to eye trajectories. Tests have been conducted defining areas of interest (AOI) and observing the most visited ones, attempting the prediction of subsequent transitions between AOIs. The results demonstrate the effectiveness and suitability of our approach, with performance evaluation values that exceed 90%.
Mood Selection in Relative Clauses by French–Spanish Bilinguals: Contrasts and Similarities between L2 and Heritage Speakers
Authors: Alba de la Fuente Anahí , Cruz Enríquez Maura , Lacroix Hugues
Published: August 2018

In this paper, we explore three issues related to the acquisition of mood selection in Spanish relative clauses by second language (L2) and heritage (HL) speakers of Spanish: (1) whether HL speakers are more native-like than L2 learners; (2) whether the speakers’ performance differs depending on task modality (written vs. oral), since HL speakers are known to perform better in oral tasks and L2 learners tend to do better in written tasks; and (3) whether knowledge of French as an L1/dominant language (DL) has an impact on the acquisition of Spanish subjunctive, since both languages include this mood in their grammars, but it is used more productively in Spanish. Results from a sentence combination felicity task (SCFT) in Spanish—in written and oral forms—and a written elicited production task (EPT) in French, administered to advanced L2 and HL speakers of Spanish whose L1/DL is French and two monolingual (Spanish and French) control groups, revealed that L2 learners pattern more closely with the control group than HL speakers in the SCFT, both written and orally. In the EPT, all bilingual speakers display higher levels of subjunctive use than the control group, showing a potential influence from the L2/weaker language on the L1/DL.
Unravelling the Complexity of Supply Chain Volatility Management
Authors: Nitsche Benjamin
Published: August 2018

Managing supply chain volatility (SCV) is often identified as one of the major challenges of modern supply chain management. While research has predominantly focused on describing the multidimensional areas of SCV and its negative impacts, clear guidelines on how to manage SCV for efficiency, and prioritize the areas on which to focus, are sparse. This study seeks to fill this gap in the research by: (1) assessing the relative impact of SCV sources, and (2) proposing means to deal with them. Based on an Analytical Hierarchy Process conducted with 17 SCM practitioners, the paper assesses the relative impact of sources of SCV, and further contextualizes them according to factors such as product lead time and production strategy, providing more fine-grained insights for SC managers seeking to manage SCV. Subsequently, the paper applies the Nominal Group Technique with the same group of practitioners in order to identify and condense strategies for dealing with the most impactful sources of SCV (intra-organizational misalignment, inaccurate forecasting, long lead times, erratic behavior of decision makers in the supply chain, erratic behavior of customers, and high level of competition), leading to a set of 44 SCV-management strategies.
Glancing Angle Deposition Effect on Structure and Light-Induced Wettability of RF-Sputtered TiO2 Thin Films
Authors: Vrakatseli Vasiliki E. , Kalarakis Alexandros N. , Kalampounias Angelos G. , Amanatides Eleftherios K. , Mataras Dimitrios S.
Published: August 2018

Crystalline TiO2 films were prepared on unheated glass substrates by radio frequency (RF) reactive magnetron sputtering at normal angle of incidence (a = 0°) and at glancing angle (a = 87°). The effect of the glancing angle on the structure, microstructure, and wetting properties of the films was investigated. The inclination of the substrate led to phase transformation of the deposited films from rutile to either rutile/anatase or anatase, depending on the working pressure. Extreme shadowing at 87° results in a remarkable increase of the films’ porosity and surface roughness. The mechanism of the glancing-angle-induced crystalline phase formation is thoroughly discussed based on the thermodynamic, kinetic, and geometrical aspects of the nucleation and is related with the microstructural changes. Both crystalline phase and microstructure significantly affect the wetting properties of the TiO2 films. Glancing-angle-deposited anatase TiO2 exhibits a high degree of porosity and roughness, a high rate of UV-induced wettability conversion, and a long-term highly hydrophilic nature in dark. Therefore, anatase TiO2 is potentially a good candidate for applications as dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC)/perovskite solar cells, microfluidic devices, and self-cleaning surfaces prepared on thermosensitive substrates.
The Species-Specific Responses of Freshwater Diatoms to Elevated Temperatures Are Affected by Interspecific Interactions
Authors: Zhang Yun , Peng Chengrong , Wang Zhicong , Zhang Jinli , Li Lijie , Huang Shun , Li Dunhai
Published: August 2018

Numerous experimental simulations with different warming scenarios have been conducted to predict how algae will respond to warming, but their conclusions are sometimes contradictory to each other. This might be due to a failure to consider interspecific interactions. In this study, the dominant diatom species in a seasonal succession were isolated and verified to adapt to different temperature ranges by constant temperature experiment. Both unialgal and mixed cultures were exposed to two fluctuant temperature treatments that simulated the temperature variations from early spring to summer, with one treatment 4 °C higher (warming scenario) than the other. We found that the specific response of diatoms to warming was affected by interspecific interactions. Spring warming had no significant effect on eurythermal species and had a positive effect on the abundance of warm-adapted diatom species, but interspecific interactions reduced this promotional effect. Cold-adapted species had a negative response to spring warming in the presence of other diatom species but had a positive response to early spring warming in the absence of interspecific interactions. In addition, warming resulted in the growth of all diatom species peaking earlier in unialgal cultures, but this effect could be weakened or amplified by interspecies interactions in mixed cultures. Our results suggest that the specific diatom species with different optimal growth temperature ranges responding to warming were expected if there were no interspecific interactions. However, in natural environments, the inevitable and complex interspecific interactions will influence the responses of diatoms to warming. This important factor should not be ignored in the prediction of organism responses to climate warming.
Structure Characterization and Hypoglycaemic Activities of Two Polysaccharides from Inonotus obliquus
Authors: Liu Ping , Xue Jiao , Tong Shisheng , Dong Wenxia , Wu Peipei
Published: August 2018

In the present study, two polysaccharides (HIOP1-S and HIOP2-S) were isolated and purified from Inonotus obliquus using DEAE-52 cellulose and Sephadex G-100 column chromatography. The structural characterization and in vitro and in vivo hypoglycaemic activities of these molecules were investigated. HPLC analysis HIOP1-S was a heterpolysaccharide with glucose and galactose as the main compontent monosaccharides (50.247%, molar percentages). However, HIOP2-S was a heterpolysaccharide with glucose as the main monosaccharide (49.881%, molar percentages). The average molecular weights of HIOP1-S and HIOP2-S were 13.6 KDa and 15.2 KDa, respectively. The β-type glycosidic bond in HIOP1-S and HIOP2-S was determined using infrared analysis. 1H-NMR spectra indicated that HIOP2-S contains the β-configuration glycosidic bond, and the glycoside bonds of HIOP1-S are both α-type and β-type. The ultraviolet scanning showed that both HIOP1-S and HIOP2-S contained a certain amount of binding protein. Congo red test showed that HIOP1-S and HIOP2-S could form a regular ordered triple helix structure in the neutral and weakly alkaline range. HIOP1-S and HIOP2-S showed strong α-glucosidase inhibitory activities and increased the glucose consumption of HepG2 cells. In addition, Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hyperglycaemic mice were used to evaluate the antihyperglycaemic effects of HIOP1-S and HIOP2-S in vivo. The results showed that HIOP2-S had antihyperglycaemic effects. Taken together, these results suggest that HIOP1-S and HIOP2-S have potential anti-diabetic effects.
Special Issue: Flavoenzymes
Authors: Van Berkel Willem J.H.
Published: August 2018

The 19th International Symposium on Flavins and Flavoproteins was held from 2–6 July 2017 in Groningen, The Netherlands.[...]
Towards Intelligent Drug Design System: Application of Artificial Dipeptide Receptor Library in QSAR-Oriented Studies
Authors: Bak Andrzej , Kozik Violetta , Walczak Malgorzata , Fraczyk Justyna , Kaminski Zbigniew , Kolesinska Beata , Smolinski Adam , Jampilek Josef
Published: August 2018

The pharmacophore properties of a new series of potential purinoreceptor (P2X) inhibitors determined using a coupled neural network and the partial least squares method with iterative variable elimination (IVE-PLS) are presented in a ligand-based comparative study of the molecular surface by comparative molecular surface analysis (CoMSA). Moreover, we focused on the interpretation of noticeable variations in the potential selectiveness of interactions of individual inhibitor-receptors due to their physicochemical properties; therefore, the library of artificial dipeptide receptors (ADP) was designed and examined. The resulting library response to individual inhibitors was arranged in the array, preprocessed and transformed by the principal component analysis (PCA) and PLS procedures. A dominant absolute contribution to PC1 of the Glu attached to heptanoic gating acid and Phe bonded to the linker m-phenylenediamine/triazine scaffold was revealed by the PCA. The IVE-PLS procedure indicated the receptor systems with predominant Pro bonded to the linker and Glu, Gln, Cys and Val directly attached to the gating acid. The proposed comprehensive ligand-based and simplified structure-based methodology allows the in-depth study of the performance of peptide receptors against the tested set of compounds.
Changes in Nutrient Profile and Antioxidant Activities of Different Fish Soups, Before and After Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion
Authors: Zhang Gaonan , Zheng Shujian , Feng Yuqi , Shen Guo , Xiong Shanbai , Du Hongying
Published: August 2018

Different kinds of freshwater fish soups show a diverse range of health functions, due to their different nutritional substances and corresponding bioactivities. In the current study, in order to learn the theoretical basis of the potential role fish soup plays in diet therapy functions, the changes of nutrient profiles and antioxidant activities in crucian carp soup and snakehead soup (before and after simulated gastrointestinal digestion) were investigated, such as chemical composition, free amino acids, mineral and fatty acid contents, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferrous ion chelating activity, hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity and the reducing power effect. Results show that the content of mineral elements in snakehead fish soup was significantly higher than that of crucian carp soup, especially for the contents of Ca, Zn, Fe. The content of total amino acid (TAA) of crucian carp soup (82.51 mg/100 mL) was much higher than that of snakehead fish soup (47.54 mg/100 mL) (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the antioxidant capacity of crucian carp soup was stronger than that of snakehead soup. The intensive profiles of nutritional composition and antioxidant activities of these two kinds of fish soups were expected to partly provide the theoretical basis of therapeutic effects.
A New Pathway for the Synthesis of a New Class of Blue Fluorescent Benzofuran Derivatives
Authors: Moldoveanu Costel , Mangalagiu Ionel , Isac Dragos Lucian , Airinei Anton , Zbancioc Gheorghita
Published: August 2018

In this study an efficient and straightforward method for obtaining a new class of blue fluorescent bezofuran derivatives, under microwave irradiation, as well as under conventional thermal heating, is presented. Under conventional TH the reactions occur selectively, and a single type of benzofuran ester derivative was obtained. The synthesis under MW irradiation also led to benzofuran derivatives, but in a time-dependent manner. Irradiation for a short period of time led to a mixture of two types of benzofuran derivatives (3a–c and 4a–c), while MW irradiation for a longer period of time led to a single type of benzofuran (3-methylbenzofuran), the reaction becoming highly selective. Taking into consideration the advantages offered by MW irradiation in terms of a substantial decrease of solvent consumed, a substantial reduction in reaction time (from days to hours), and a consequent diminution in energy consumption, these methods could be considered environmentally friendly. Here, feasible reaction mechanisms for the benzofuran derivatives formation are described. The absorption and fluorescence emission of the obtained benzofuran derivatives were studied, with part of these compounds being intense blue emitters. A certain influence of the benzofuran substituents concerning absorption and fluorescent properties was observed. Only compounds anchored with a carbomethoxy group of furan ring have shown good quantum yields.
Antioxidant Activity of Selected Polyphenolics in Yeast Cells: The Case Study of Montenegrin Merlot Wine
Authors: Đorđević Neda O. , Todorović Nevena , Novaković Irena T. , Pezo Lato L. , Pejin Boris , Maraš Vesna , Tešević Vele V. , Pajović Snežana B.
Published: August 2018

Screens of antioxidant activity (AA) of various natural products have been a focus of the research community worldwide. This work aimed to differentiate selected samples of Merlot wines originated from Montenegro, with regard to phenolic profile and antioxidant capacity studied by survival rate, total sulfhydryl groups and activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase and catalase in H2O2–stressed Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. In this study, DPPH assay was also performed. Higher total phenolic content leads to an enhanced AA under both conditions. The same trend was observed for catechin and gallic acid, the most abundant phenolics in the examined wine samples. Finally, the findings of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model were in a good agreement (r2 = 0.978) with the experimental data. All tested samples exhibited a protective effect in H2O2–stressed yeast cells. Pre-treatment with examined wines increased survival in H2O2–stressed cells and shifted antioxidative defense towards GPx–mediated defense. Finally, sensitivity analysis of obtained ANN model highlights the complexity of the impact that variations in the concentrations of specific phenolic components have on the antioxidant defense system.
Generic and Automatic Markov Random Field-Based Registration for Multimodal Remote Sensing Image Using Grayscale and Gradient Information
Authors: Yan Li , Wang Ziqi , Liu Yi , Ye Zhiyun
Published: August 2018

The automatic image registration serves as a technical prerequisite for multimodal remote sensing image fusion. Meanwhile, it is also the technical basis for change detection, image stitching and target recognition. The demands of subpixel level registration accuracy can be rarely satisfied with a multimodal image registration method based on feature matching. In light of this, we propose a Generic and automatic Markov Random Field (MRF)-based registration framework of multimodal image using grayscale and gradient information. The proposed approach performs non-rigid registration and formulates an MRF model while grayscale and gradient statistical information of a multimodal image is employed for the evaluation of similarity while the spatial weighting function is optimized simultaneously. Besides, the value space is discretized to improve the convergence speed. The developed automatic approach was validated both qualitatively and quantitatively, demonstrating its potential for a variety of multimodal remote sensing datasets and scenes. As for the registration accuracy, the average target registration error of the proposed framework is less than 1 pixel, while the maximum displacement error is less than 1 pixel. Compared with the polynomial model registration based on manual selection, the registration accuracy has been significantly improved. In the meantime, the proposed approach had the partial applicability for the multimodal image registration of large deformation scenes. It is also proved that the proposed registration framework using grayscale and gradient information outperforms the MRF-based registration using only grayscale information and only gradient information while the proposed registration framework using Gaussian function as spatial weighting function is superior to that using distance inverse weight method.
General Signal Model for Multiple-Input Multiple-Output GMTI Radar
Authors: Li Fuyou , He Feng , Dong Zhen , Wu Manqing , Zhang Yongsheng
Published: August 2018

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) ground moving target indication (GMTI) radar has been studied recently because of its excellent performance. In this paper, a general signal model is established for the MIMO GMTI radar with both fast-time and slow-time waveforms. The general signal model can be used to evaluate the performance of the MIMO GMTI radar with arbitrary waveforms such as the ideal orthogonal, code division multiple access (CDMA), frequency-division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), and Doppler division multiple access (DDMA) waveforms. We proposed a range-compensation method to eliminate the range-dependence of the FDMA waveforms. The simulation results indicate that the improved performance of FDMA waveforms is achieved utilizing the range-compensation method.
Soil Development under Continuous Agriculture at the Morrow Plots Experimental Fields from X-ray Diffraction Profile Modelling
Authors: Bakker Eleanor , Hubert Fabien , Wander Michelle M. , Lanson Bruno
Published: August 2018

Impact of continuous cropping on clay mineralogy was assessed on a collection of unfertilized soil samples from the Morrow Plots experimental fields covering 110 years of long crop rotations. Evolution of mineralogy was quantitatively determined by fitting X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns from four size fractions (50–2, 2–0.2, 0.2–0.05 and <0.05 µm) of the surface horizon (0–20 cm). The mineralogy of the three clay subfractions (2–0.2 µm, 0.2–0.05 µm and <0.05 µm) consists mainly of coexisting illite-smectite-chlorite whose compositions range from discrete illite (in the 2–0.2 µm subfraction) to discrete smectite (in the <0.05 µm subfraction). Mixed layers of similar compositions were used to fit XRD data from all clay subfractions. With decreasing size fractions, both the size of the coherent scattering domains and the proportion of illite-rich mixed layers decrease, thus accounting for the higher cation exchange measured in the <0.05 µm subfraction compared to other clay subfractions. The analysis of fine clay subfractions (<0.2 µm or lower) provided key information and constraints to a complete and accurate description of the bulk <2 µm fraction. Additional constraints derived from chemical treatments (K-saturation and heating) proved to be especially useful to propose a reliable structure model for these fine clay subfractions because of their weakly modulated diffraction signature. Mineralogy of all subfractions considered is essentially stable over the studied period (1904–2014), with the relative proportion of the different clay layer types (illite, smectite, kaolinite, chlorite) showing no significant evolution in the bulk <2 µm fraction. A century of continuous cropping thus results essentially in an increase of fine clay particles (<0.05 µm) and a decrease of the 0.2–0.05 µm subfraction, indicative of clay mineral dissolution and consistent with observed increase of cation exchange capacity with time. The relative proportion of the bulk <2 µm fraction is nearly constant over the studied period, indicative of minimal export of clay phases.
A Deeper Look at the New Milky Way Satellites: Sagittarius II, Reticulum II, Phoenix II, and Tucana III∗
Authors: Mutlu-Pakdil Burçin , Sand David J. , Carlin Jeffrey L. , Spekkens Kristine , Caldwell Nelson , Crnojević Denija , Hughes Allison K. , Willman Beth , Zaritsky Dennis
Published: August 2018

We present deep Magellan/Megacam stellar photometry of four recently discovered faint Milky Way satellites: Sagittarius II (Sgr II), Reticulum II (Ret II), Phoenix II (Phe II), and Tucana III (Tuc III). Our photometry reaches ∼2–3 magnitudes deeper than the discovery data, allowing us to revisit the properties of these new objects (e.g., distance, structural properties, luminosity measurements, and signs of tidal disturbance). The satellite color-magnitude diagrams show that they are all old (∼13.5 Gyr) and metal poor ([Fe/H] ≲ −2.2). Sgr II is particularly interesting, as it sits in an intermediate position between the loci of dwarf galaxies and globular clusters in the size–luminosity plane. The ensemble of its structural parameters is more consistent with a globular cluster classification, indicating that Sgr II is the most extended globular cluster in its luminosity range. The other three satellites land directly on the locus defined by Milky Way ultra-faint dwarf galaxies of similar luminosity. Ret II is the most elongated nearby dwarf galaxy currently known for its luminosity range. Our structural parameters for Phe II and Tuc III suggest that they are both dwarf galaxies. Tuc III is known to be associated with a stellar stream, which is clearly visible in our matched-filter stellar density map. The other satellites do not show any clear evidence of tidal stripping in the form of extensions or distortions. Finally, we also use archival H i data to place limits on the gas content of each object.
The Distinct Evolutionary Nature of Two Class 0 Protostars in Serpens Main SMM4
Authors: Aso Yusuke , Hirano Naomi , Aikawa Yuri , Machida Masahiro N. , Takakuwa Shigehisa , Yen Hsi-Wei , Williams Jonathan P.
Published: August 2018

We have observed the submillimeter continuum condensation SMM4 in Serpens Main using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array during its Cycle 3 in 1.3 mm continuum, 12CO J = 2–1, SO J

N
 = 65–54, and C18O J = 2–1 lines at angular resolutions of ∼0.″55 (240 au). The 1.3 mm continuum emission shows that SMM4 is spatially resolved into two protostars embedded in the same core: SMM4A showing a high brightness temperature, 18 K, with little extended structure and SMM4B showing a low brightness temperature, 2 K, with compact and extended structures. Their separation is ∼2100 au. Analysis of the continuum visibilities reveals a disk-like structure with a sharp edge at r ∼ 240 au in SMM4A, and a compact component with a radius of 56 au in SMM4B. The 12CO emission traces fan-shaped and collimated outflows associated with SMM4A and SMM4B, respectively. The blue and red lobes of the SMM4B outflow have different position angles by ∼30°. Their inclination and bending angles in the 3D space are estimated at i

b
 ∼ 36°, i

r
 ∼ 70°, and α ∼ 40°, respectively. The SO emission traces shocked regions, such as cavity walls of outflows and the vicinity of SMM4B. The C18O emission mainly traces an infalling and rotating envelope around SMM4B. The C18O fractional abundance in SMM4B is ∼50 times smaller than that of the interstellar medium. These results suggest that SMM4A is more evolved than SMM4B. Our studies in Serpens Main demonstrate that continuum and line observations at millimeter wavelengths allow us to differentiate evolutionary phases of protostars within the Class 0 phase.
Acceleration of X-Ray Emitting Electrons in the Crab Nebula
Authors: Giacinti Gwenael , Kirk John G.
Published: August 2018

We study particle acceleration at the termination shock of a striped pulsar wind by integrating trajectories in a prescribed model of the magnetic field and flow pattern. Drift motion on the shock surface maintains either electrons or positrons on “Speiser” orbits in a ring-shaped region close to the equatorial plane of the pulsar, enabling them to be accelerated to very high energy by the first-order Fermi mechanism. A power-law spectrum results:

, where α
e lies in the range −1.8 to −2.4 and depends on the downstream turbulence level. For sufficiently strong turbulence, we find α
e ≃ −2.2, and both the photon index and the flux of 1–100 keV X-rays from the Crab Nebula, as measured by NuSTAR, can be reproduced. The particle spectrum hardens to α
e ≃ −1.8 at lower turbulence levels, which may explain the hard photon index observed by the Chandra X-ray Observatory in the central regions of the Nebula.
Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) and Security and Defence Union (SDU) - Vitae parallelae?
Authors: Revelas Kyriakos
Published: August 2018

Cette étude explore des analogies, parallélismes et liens entre intégration monétaire et intégration en matière de défense au sein de l’Union européenne à l’aide de plusieurs dimensions : le contenu de la politique et la logique inhérente de chaque instrument ; facteurs qui déclenchent le processus d’intégration et son organisation ; aspects institutionnels ; intégration différenciée et la place relative pour la construction européenne. Malgré le caractère fondamentalement différent de l’organisation des deux domaines (supranational et inter-gouvernemental, respectivement) on peut affirmer que l’esprit de la construction européenne influence la forme des débats, négociations et compromis, ce qui indique une sorte de fertilisation croisée entre domaines de politique. Étant donné le degré différent d’avancement, l’expérience de l’union économique et monétaire pourrait être analysée de façon à bénéficier la création de l’union de sécurité et de défense. L’étude évoque également des liens entre les deux domaines, l’écart entre dispositions du Traité et réalisations concrètes ainsi que le rôle du couple franco-allemand.
Science réglementaire en santé publique : de quoi parle-t-on ?
Authors: Camadro Marie , Benamouzig Daniel , Barouki Robert , Trouvin Jean-Hugues , Astagneau Pascal
Published: August 2018

Cet article porte un éclairage sur un concept peu connu des acteurs de la santé publique en France : la science réglementaire ou regulatory science , utilisé pour décrire l’ensemble des activités scientifiques servant à produire les connaissances mobilisées pour appuyer, développer ou adapter les décisions en matière de politiques publiques. Il s’agit de comprendre comment l’expression apparue au milieu des années quatre-vingt et formalisée en un concept sociologique sous la plume de l’américaine Sheila Jasasnoff en 1990, s’est progressivement imposée au sein des agences de régulation américaines, japonaises puis européennes comme une nouvelle discipline scientifique. L’article examine l’évolution du concept et les différentes approches proposées pour définir la science réglementaire. Il met en évidence sa nature hybride et hétérogène soulignant ainsi les différentes caractéristiques que l’expression recouvre suivant l’institution qui la formule (FDA, EMA, PMDA) et le champ d’application qu’elle couvre. En s’appuyant sur des exemples concrets d’application des pratiques de science réglementaire dans trois grands domaines du risque sanitaire (la toxicologie environnementale, les maladies infectieuses et la pharmacovigilance), l’article interroge surtout la place de la recherche dans le processus de décision en montrant comment l’apparition de nouvelles méthodes destinées à renforcer la capacité des régulateurs à exercer des fonctions de surveillance, de contrôle ou de réglementation, et le rôle des communautés académiques associées à cette démarche, contribuent au renforcement des politiques de santé publique en France, comme à l’échelle mondiale.
Coopération des équipes hospitalières avec les médecins et paramédicaux de ville
Authors: Le Cossec Chloé , Giacopelli Maud , de Chambine Sophie
Published: August 2018

Objectif : Mettre en évidence à partir d’une enquête déclarative, les actions de coopération entre équipes hospitalières et professionnels de ville, puis proposer une classification des types de coopérations recensées. Méthodes : Questionnaire diffusé aux services des hôpitaux de l’Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris. Un descriptif de l’action et les interlocuteurs concernés étaient notamment à renseigner. Le découpage et la classification ont été faits par les trois auteurs avec tests de cohérence. Résultats : 261 actions ont été déclarées par 138 services de 39 disciplines. La pédiatrie, la psychiatrie et la gériatrie ont déclaré le plus d’actions. Les actions concernaient pour 37 % l’accès aux soins hospitaliers, pour 25 % la formation, pour 22 % la continuité des soins après une prise en charge hospitalière, pour 13 % le suivi partagé entre ville et hôpital et pour 3 % la santé publique (population générale). L’accès aux soins hospitaliers se répartissait entre la facilitation de la prise de rendez-vous, le recours à l’expertise hospitalière et des organisations particulières. La continuité entre la transmission d’informations et l’orientation des patients. Le suivi partagé pouvait se faire au niveau d’un patient ou par répartition a priori d’une population de malades. La formation pouvait être à l’initiative des hospitaliers, de la ville ou être le fruit d’une collaboration. Conclusions : Cette enquête ayant été réalisée dans un centre hospitalier universitaire, ne présente que les coopérations concernées par ce type d’établissement et ne couvre pas tout le champ des relations entre la ville et l’hôpital. Cependant, la classification proposée peut servir dans une perspective de recherche, d’étude préliminaire ou de stratégie d’établissement dans le développement des relations avec les professionnels de ville. Elle permet d’appréhender le concept de « relations ville-hôpital » d’une manière plus concrète et cohérente avec les approches des professionnels de terrain.
Trans-generational and within-generational effects of two macrocyclic lactones on tunneller and dweller dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): a case study
Authors: Martínez M. I. , Kadiri N. , Gil Pérez Y. , Lumaret J.P.
Published: August 2018

Two distinct experiments were carried out to assess the trans-generational and within-generational effects of the parasiticides ivermectin and moxidectin to dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). In the first experiment, the fertility of Euoniticellus intermedius (Reiche) (Scarabaeinae) was assessed for individuals developing in dung containing 10 µg ivermectin/kg fresh dung, a residue concentration previously shown to be sublethal to larval development. Our results showed that the fertility of adults exposed to these residues as larvae was unaffected. In the second experiment, the fertility of Agrilinus constans (Duftschmid) (Aphodiinae) was determined after females were allowed to feed for three weeks on dung containing different concentrations of moxidectin residues (five concentrations ranging from 0.32–32.00 mg/kg dry dung). The fertility of females was not affected, regardless of the concentration to which they were exposed, even when they were exposed to high moxidectin residues that killed all the offspring. The combined findings of these two experiments emphasise that sublethal effects should be included in models that assess the nontarget effects of faecal residues to insects breeding in dung of livestock treated with veterinary medicinal products.
Mucinous neoplasm of the appendix: management according to reviewed histologic spectral aspects
Authors: Gomes Carlos Augusto , Soares Junior Cleber , Coccolini Federico , Montori Giulia , Resende da Silva Rafaela Clara , Souza do Amaral Vinicius Alvarez , Salgado Paula Varginha , De Ávila Priscila Viviani da Trindade , Gomes Felipe Couto , Gomes Camila Couto
Published: August 2018

Of the diseases affecting the cecal appendix, mucinous neoplasms, although rare, are the most common epithelial tumor. They are often asymptomatic and diagnosed by anatomopathological exams of sections, collected during appendectomies due to acute appendicitis. These tumors have the potential to become malignant, and their early surgical handling are the most important prognostic factor. So, clinical, image, operatory and histologic spectral aspects should always take into account. The present study reports a case of mucinous neoplasm of the appendix that manifested with intestinal partial obstruction and suggests the need for a comprehensive and uniform classification, which could address the best disease first approach. The information was obtained through a patient records review, photographic documentation of the diagnostic tests and histologic study of operative specimen. In addition, the manuscript opens a discussion about the approach of choice of this complex neoplasia, since great variability persists in clinical and pathological records, due to variations in classifications and definitions. This variability in disease nomenclature may significantly impact the treatment and prognosis.