bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implant rehabilitation of edentulous maxilla in digital dentistry: A case report utilizing CAD/CAM technologies
Authors: Matsubara Victor Haruo , Gurbuxani Amit Prem , Francis Sammy , Childs Robert J
Published: July 2021

The replacement of missing teeth utilizing dental implants and digital dental technologies has gained significant popularity in daily clinical practice over the last decade. Partially dentate patients present more anatomical references to guide the implant position and prosthetic reconstruction as compared to completely edentulous arches. Therefore, the management of edentulous maxilla using implant digital dentistry represents a challenging clinical situation where a thorough treatment plan is paramount to achieve a final prosthetic result that meets both functional and esthetic requirements. This case report discusses the oral rehabilitation of an edentulous maxilla and partially dentate mandible using a digital workflow for both the surgical and prosthetic phases of the implant therapy. Protocols for clinical assessment, treatment planning, and restorative management are described to provide a predictable and prosthetic-driven treatment for implant-supported prostheses.
Prophylactic Role of Lactobacillus paracasei Exopolysaccharides on Colon Cancer Cells through Apoptosis Not Ferroptosis
Authors: Rahbar Saadat Yalda , Pourghassem Gargari Bahram , Shahabi Arman , Nami Yousef , Yari Khosroushahi Ahmad
Published: July 2021

Background: Nowadays despite conventional methods in colon cancer treatment, targeting vital molecular pathways and induction of various forms of cell death by safe probiotic components like exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are of great importance and are considered as potential therapeutic agents. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of the EPS of L. paracasei on different colon cancer cell lines (SW-480, HT-29, and HCT-116). Methods: For this purpose, several cellular and molecular experiments including MTS assay, DAPI staining, Annexin V/PI assay, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and some important ferroptosis-related assays were performed. Results: Based on the findings, L. paracasei EPS can induce apoptosis confirmed by all apoptosis related assays and could not act through ferroptosis pathways. L. paracasei EPS could hinder the Akt1, mTOR, and Jak-1 mRNAs, and induces apoptosis through down-regulation of the antiapoptotic gene (Bcl-2), up-regulation of pro-apoptotic genes (BAX, caspase-3, 8). Conclusion: The exploited EPS of an indigenous probiotic strain with anticancer potential with low/insignificant cytotoxicity to normal cells is proposed for future applications in molecular targeted therapy of colon cancer treatment. Furthermore, in vivo and clinical trials should be performed to evaluate the applicability of this component besides conventional methods to increase the survival rate of colon cancer patients.
Investigation of Protective Effects of Quercetin on Oxidative Stress Induced by Vinblastine in Bone Marrow of Rats
Authors: Aramjoo Hamed , Ebrahim Zadeh Habibollah , Hemmati Mina
Published: July 2021

Background: Chemotherapy drugs such as vinblastine cause oxidative stress in the bone marrow resulting changes in blood cell production and anemia. In this study, the antioxidant and therapeutic potential of quercetin was evaluated. Methods: Twenty-one male Wistar rats were divided into three groups; The Control group received a daily dose of normal saline, group 2 received a single dose of 2 mg/kg b.w. vinblastine intraperitoneally (i.p.) on the first day of study, and group 3 received a single dose of vinblastine (2mg/kg b.w. i.p.) along with quercetin (20 mg/kg b.w. i.p.) for 14 days. To evaluate oxidative stress in bone marrow; malondialdehyde (MDA), Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) and Pro-Oxidant/Antioxidant Balance (PAB) were also measured using specified methods. Results: The blood analysis showed that the mean level of RBC, Hemoglobin, and Hematocritwere significantly higher in the vinblastine group compared to the control group. Treatment with quercetin could elevate them into the normal range. Administration of vinblastine elevated the levels of bone marrow MDA and PAB significantly (p<0.05) compared to the control group but had no effect on total antioxidant capacity. The use of quercetin with vinblastine showed a decrease in the levels of bone marrow MDA and PAB compared to the vinblastine group alone. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that quercetin at a dose of 20 mg/kg could improve the anemia induced by vinblastine chemotherapy, and it can also be useful in improving vinblastine-induced lipotoxicity.
Muscodor sp. IBRL OS-94, A Promising Endophytic Fungus of Ocimum sanctum with Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Mat Jalil Mohd Taufiq , Hairudin Nabila Husna , Ibrahim Darah
Published: July 2021

Background: An endophytic fungus, Muscodor sp. IBRL OS-94 isolated from the leaf of Ocimum sanctum was believed to possess significant antimicrobial activity and several assays were carried out to evaluate its pharmaceutical potential. Methods: Agar plug diffusion and the disk diffusion assays were performed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the fungal extract. Also, the broth microdilution assay was done to investigate the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the fungal extract. Meanwhile, the scanning electron microscope (SEM) was employed to observe the structural degeneration of the microbial cells treated to the extract. Results: The results revealed that fungal isolate showed favorable antimicrobial activity through agar plug diffusion assay and the disk diffusion assay demonstrated that most of the test microorganisms were susceptible to extracellular extract compared to extracellular extract. As for the MIC and MLC values, the extracellular fungal extract exerted a bactericidal/fungicidal effect against all five Gram-positive bacteria, four Gram-negative bacteria, one yeast, and none of the test fungi. Meanwhile, the intracellular fungal extract exhibited bactericidal/fungicidal activity against three Gram-positive bacteria, one Gram-negative bacterium, and one yeast. The structural degeneration study via SEM revealed that various cell abnormalities including severe damage to the cell wall which led to microbial cell death. Conclusion: The present study suggests the fungal extract from Muscodor sp. IBRLOS-94 as an antimicrobial agent.
Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Mediated by Garcinia Fruits andTheir Biological Applications
Authors: Kureshi Azazahemad A , Vaghela Hiral M , Kumar Satyanshu , Singh Raghuraj , Kumari Premlata
Published: July 2021

Background: Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using medicinal plant extract is an emerging area of research due to their applicability in nanomedicines. Methods: In this study, aqueous extracts prepared from fruit-pericarps of two Garcinia species, G. indica (GI) and G. cambogia (GC) fruits which are important medicinally and commercially have been utilized for the synthesis of AuNPs. Various analytical techniques were utilized to characterize the synthesized AuNPs. The synthesized AuNPs were investigated for their biological properties such as antioxidant activity using the (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) DPPH model, cytotoxicity against MCF-7 (breast) cancer cell line, and antibacterial activity against two bacterial strains viz. B. subtilis and E. coli. Results: The absorption peak of the AuNPs is observed at 541 nm using UV–Visible spectroscopy. The high resolution – scanning electron microscopy images showed spherical with a triangular shape AuNPs and their average sizes were ranging from 2 – 10 nm and it was found to be in good agreement with the particle size of 8 – 11 nm determined using X-ray diffraction analysis. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that water-soluble biomolecules from the aqueous extracts of the Garcinia species played a crucial role in the formation of AuNPs. The synthesized AuNPs exhibited considerable cytotoxicity with IC50 values 34.55 µg/ml (GI) and 35.69 µg/ml (GC) against the MCF-7 cancer cell line. Furthermore, synthesized AuNPs also demonstrated significant antioxidant and antibacterial properties comparable to the standards used. Conclusion: AuNPs have been synthesized using a simple green approach. The synthesized AuNPs demonstrated promising cytotoxicity, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties.
Active Learning and Competency Preconditioning Strengthen Osteopathic Medical Student Performance, Physician Attributes, and Competency Assessments
Authors: Joshi Vivek R , Younger Michael J , Joshi Bhargavi
Published: July 2021

Background: Medical education has been reliant on didactic lectures, which are predominantly teacher-centered learning. Competency-based education was introduced in North America and with this came a paradigm shift in how schools conceptualize curricula and measure learning outcomes. This modern approach started a change away from traditional lecture-based and teacher-centered curricula to a more student-centric approach using various tools. Competency based education is widely regarded as an outcome-based approach to design, implement and evaluate the curriculum using widely accepted competencies. Authorities recommend seven core competencies which have various indicators to address student performance. The main purpose of this research is to utilize active learning tools to enhance this approach and then assess competencies in the first year of medical school to improve academic outcomes as well as exposing students to competency domains on which they will be assessed and to ultimately create a complete physician. Methods: The study was conducted at a medical school during the first semester of medical school and included 145 students. Various active learning tools, such as modified case-based learning, quizzes, and case discussions, were used to assess competency in a biochemistry and genetics course, and these were compared to questions based on concepts delivered by the traditional lecture method. Results: Student performance on high-stakes examinations after active learning sessions on content and concepts had statistically higher average percentages on the second, third and fourth examinations. The average Diff (p) for the second, third, and fourth examination to the questions being considered for the study were (Diff p= 0.84, 0.83, and 0.92) with a positive moderate correlation for the second examination (r= 0.535) and strong positive correlation for the third and fourth examination (r=0.745 and r=0.856) for their final biochemistry grades. Conclusion: The study shows some positive and significant results that active learning methods are a useful and meaningful way to deliver a curriculum for a competency-based education system, and may be better suited than traditional lectures for providing content and assessing competencies which are necessary to become a complete physician.
Design, Implementation and Evaluation of Student-centric learning in Physiology
Authors: Teli Shivayogappa. S. , Senthilvelou M. , Soundariya K. , Velusami Deepika , K Senthamil selvi. , S Mangani Mangalavalli.
Published: July 2021

Background: The quality of teaching and learning in health education determines the competency of doctors produced and ultimately the patient care. Realizing the necessity of active learning at the undergraduate level, curricular reforms are crucial to ensure that students play an active role in their learning process and absorb the prerequisite qualities of a competent health professional. The current study aimed to implement and evaluate case-based learning in a physiology curriculum. Methods: The study included 150 first-year MBBS students using a mixed methods research design. A short lecture on anemia was followed by two sessions of case-based learning with a gap of one week. A structured questionnaire usinga 5-point Likert scale was used to collect students’ perceptions. The internal consistency of the questionnaire had a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.8. Faculty feedback was collected using a Focus Group Discussion. Results: Of 145 participants, 117 provided feedback. Students perceived that the case-based learning method promoted meaningful learning (83%); helped in the future application of knowledge (81%);helped to understand physiology concepts better (72%); improved studentteacher relationships (72%); was effective in understanding the anemia topic (71%); led to the development of problem-solving abilities (70%); encouraged teamwork (69%); motivated selfdirected learning (66%); and improved communication skills (65%). Faculty members suggested developing an assessment plan for future case-based learning sessions. Conclusion: According to student and faculty feedback, case-based learning is an effective, active teaching-learning tool that improves students’ understanding of basic concepts, clinical knowledge, problem-solving abilities, teamwork, communication skills, student-teacher relationship, and self-directed learning.
Impact of Covid-19 on Fisheries Sector
Authors: Kanchana S , Rajamohan S
Published: July 2021

Fisheries sector plays an important role in global food security. Fisheries industry is one of the fastest growing food sectors across the frontiers of nation. The coronavirus pandemic, which has been started in late 2019, is one of the devastating crises that has affected sectors of seafood especially fisheries industry. Fisheries industry is the most highly traded commodities all over the world. This paper highlights the impacts of covid-19 in Fisheries industry market, this study forms a basis from which to focus on the market conditions of the fisheries sector.  The purpose of this information paper is to update information on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the fisheries, especially in TAMILNADU region, there were many adjustments by governments and the private sector to the evolving situation of the coronavirus pandemic. There have been new challenges, as well as innovations by governments in order to ensure a smooth flow of production as well as consumption pattern of the consumers. The paper relies on information collected through secondary sources (e.g., media articles, newsletters of Tamil nadu fisheries department), and publicly available data.
A Study on Customer Relationship Management Practices in Indian Banks With Special Reference to Chennai City
Authors: Kumar T S , Kalairaja K
Published: July 2021

The banking landscape has undergone a paradigm shift from welfare oriented banking to profit oriented banking over a period of three decades. The deregulation has completely transformed a very complexion of commercial banks in the early nineties. Prior to deregulation syndrome, the customers were given short shrift in the social sector banking era. The customers were made to run from pillar to post to get an ordinary personal loan. Only those who can afford to offer security were made eligible for big ticket loans. The borrowers had to wait endlessly for various types of consumer loans. The customers in the current era of liberalized environment are enjoying the privilege of choosing their banks in terms of various considerations. The main objectives of the study is to examine the current customer relation strategies adopted in Indian Banks, to identify the deficiencies in the existing customer satisfaction variables which lead to Bridge the customers and the bank, to study the difference in perception of the customers of the bank toward various services provided by bank and to analysis the satisfaction level of customer services provided by the bank. The survey reveals that assenters are satisfied in most of the aspects and they want to continue with their respective banks. So now if the banks use proper strategies to overcome the shortcomings faced by customers, the banks can easily build a strong relationship and that will allow the bank to earn profit in the competitive environment.
Impact of Surrogate Advertisement: An Unconventional and Revolutionary Tool of Marketers
Authors: Rout Debasish , Mishra Somabhusana Janakiballav , Mishra Ashamayee , Mehta Vineet
Published: July 2021

Like making mountain out of a mole hill, if right form of advertising is done, we can make small things larger and put it in the right perspective in front of a customer. The customer will be so fascinated with the advertisement, that he will not get scope to realize that he has been completely bowled over. But it is a different thing that some ads are misleading and even sometimes done unethically to sale the prohibited products like tobacco and alcohol. Even some of the famous celebrities of filmdom and sports do not hesitate to endorse surrogate advertising. Direct advertising of the prohibited products has been banned by the govt because of which companies are forced to adopt surrogate advertising.The current study has been undertaken to examine the useful and antagonistic effect of surrogate advertising on the youth of Bhubaneswar city with more than 100 responses.
Conceptualisation of ‘Needs’ in ESP Needs Analysis: A Plethora of Terms
Authors: Nduwimana Arcade
Published: July 2021

Although there exists extensive literature on needs analysis in English for Specific Purposes (ESP), there is still a disagreement over the exact definition of the term needs. Consequently, there is a plethora of terms used synonymously with the word needs. Terms such as necessities, wants, lacks, desires, deficiencies preferences, requirements, etc. are often encountered in the literature on ESP. Senior scholars or people already familiar with the field of ESP may take these terms for granted. Yet, students and/or novice researchers may find themselves confused about the meaning of these terms. This paper is therefore intended to shed the light on how the term ‘needs’ is conceptualised by different ESP scholars. It shall demonstrate the meaning overlap that exists between the terms used to refer to the concept of needs and discuss the recent categorisation of needs which may prove useful to students and novice scholars in the field of ESP.
Procrastination and Work Productivity of Academic Staff: Implications to the Institution
Authors: R. Asio John Mark
Published: July 2021

Procrastination in the academic institution is not new since it prevails from students even to staff. This might create problems, especially in the individual’s output. This study analyzed the relationship, procrastination level, and the work productivity of academic staff from a tertiary education institution in Central Luzon, Philippines. Using a convenience sampling technique, 70 academic staff took part in the survey. This study used a descriptive-correlational design with an adapted questionnaire from McCloskey (2011) and Buuri (2015) as an instrument. For the statistical analysis, the study used SPSS 23 to analyze the gathered data. The study found that the academic staff “often” subject themselves to procrastination, and they “agree” that they are productive in their work. There were significant differences found in the procrastination level and work productivity of the academic staff when grouped according to sex, civil status, and years in service. In terms of relationship, the study confirmed a low direct relationship between the level of procrastination and work productivity of the academic staff. Based on the aforementioned results, the researcher provided some implications for the institution to consider.
Teknik Hypno-breastfeeding Untuk Kecukupan Asi pada Ibu Menyusui
Authors: Carolin Bunga Tiara , Suralaga Cholisah , Lestari Ferdita
Published: July 2021

ABSTRAKWorld Health Organization (WHO) menetapkan target pemberian ASI pada bayi sekurang – kurangnya 50% pada tahun 2025. Capaian ASI di dunia saat ini sebesar 36%. Di indonesia (2019) cakupan ASI eksklusif masih 52,3%, dibawah target nasional. Berdasarkan laporan formulir pencatatan ASI eksklusif di Puskesmas baros bulan September beberapa desa masih berada dibawah target yaitu tidak mencapai 45 %. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh teknik hypnobreastfeeding terhadap kecukupan ASI bayi pada ibu menyusui di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Baros. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan desain quasi experiment dengan one group pretest-postest design. Populasi adalah 30 ibu menyusui yang berada di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Baros. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode systematic random sampling. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 15 responden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah paired T-Test. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan ada peningkatan signifikan kecukupan asi dengan p-value 0,000, berarti ada pengaruh pemberian teknik Hypno breastfeeding terhadap kecukupan ASI. Ada pengaruh pemberian teknik Hypno breastfeeding terhadap kecukupan ASI. Diharapkan tekhnik hypnobreastfeeding ini dapat menjadi solusi bagi ibu menyusui yang mengalami masalah pengeluaran ASI. Kata kunci: ibu menyusui; kecukupan ASI; teknik hypno breastfeeding  Hypno-breastfeeding Techniques on Adequacy of Breast Milk among Breastfeeding Women ABSTRACT The World Health Organization has set a target of breastfeeding infants at least 50% by 2025. The achievement of breastfeeding in the world is currently 36%. In Indonesia (2019), exclusive breastfeeding coverage is still 52.3%, below the national target. Based on the report on the exclusive breastfeeding registration form at the Baros Health Center in September, several villages were still below the target, which was not reaching 45%. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the hypno-breastfeeding technique on the adequacy of breast milk for baby on breastfeeding mothers at Baros District Health Center. The study used a quasi-experimental design with one group pretest-posttest design. The population was 30 breastfeeding mothers who are in the area the Baros District Health Center. The sampling technique used systematic random sampling method. The research subjects were 15 respondents who met the inclusion criteria. The statistical test used is the paired T-Test. The results showed that there was a significant increase in the adequacy of breastfeeding with a p-value of 0.000, meaning that there is an effect of the Hypno-breastfeeding technique on the adequacy of breastfeeding. There is an effect of giving Hypno-breastfeeding technique to the adequacy of breast milk. It is hoped that this hypno-breastfeeding technique can be a solution for breastfeeding mothers who have problems with breastfeeding. Keywords: breastfeeding mother; adequacy of breast milk; Hypno-breastfeeding Technique
Razones de Cobertura con Futuros de los Indices Accionarios de Brasil y México
Authors: de Jesús Gutiérrez Raúl , Bucio Pacheco Christian , Carvajal Gutiérrez Lidia
Published: July 2021

El objetivo del trabajo es introducir el modelo VAR bayesiano para estimar las razones dinámicas de cobertura de mínima varianza. El método evalúa la efectividad de las estrategias de cobertura utilizando datos de los mercados accionarios y futuros de Brasil y México. Los hallazgos muestran que el modelo VAR bayesiano presenta el mejor desempeño fuera de la muestra para minimizar la varianza del portafolio de cobertura en la mayoría de los horizontes de tiempo. La originalidad del trabajo se atribuye a que el modelo VAR bayesiano no ha sido aplicado en el diseño de estrategias de cobertura en mercados accionarios desarrollados y emergentes, particularmente para Brasil y México. Entre las limitaciones, la eficiencia de la cobertura puede llegar a ser inestable para los diferentes horizontes de tiempo debido al efecto de la reducción del tamaño de la muestra.
Evolución de la producción del maíz en Veracruz, México
Authors: Bada-Carbajal Lila Margarita , Osorio-Antonia José , Ramírez-Hernández Zarahemla
Published: July 2021

El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la evolución productiva del maíz en el estado de Veracruz, México 2014-2019 mediante mapas productivos. Para el análisis se utilizó Sistema de Información Agroalimentaria y Pesquera (SIAP) y los mapas geo referenciados; empleando el software QGIS. El tipo de investigación es descriptiva-explicativa y método deductivo. Los resultados indican una concentración geográfica de la producción de maíz en el sur del estado: San Andrés Tuxta, las Choapas y Minatitlán con la excepción del municipio de Papantla, ubicado en el norte. La producción revela una alta variabilidad y dependencia de factores hidro-meteorológicos, afectación productiva por sequias atípicas. Los hallazgos muestran un enfoque en la producción de maíz blanco al autoconsumo como una externalidad del Tratado de Libre Comercio de América del Norte (TLCAN) y una fuerte orientación a la demanda interna pues México tiene la tasa per cápita más alta del mundo. Entre las limitaciones se encuentra la variación en el área a nivel satelital tomada con Sistema de Posicionamiento Global (GPS) para los metadatos del Sistema de Información Geográfica (SIG).
El rol de los organismos regionales: Celac, Mercosur y Alianza del Pacifico, frente a las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación en el periodo del 2005 al 2015
Authors:   , Sforzin Verónica Elena
Published: July 2021

Este trabajo investigativo, desde una mirada geopolítica, intenta situar a la región, a través de los organismos regionales, como ordenadores de una temática estratégica: las nuevas tecnologías; para lo cual se evidencian las fortalezas y debilidades de los procesos integracionistas y de sus instituciones. La masificación del uso y consumo de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) en la región, produjeron, en las últimas décadas, tensiones entre una realidad económica y comunicacional instalada aceleradamente; y las políticas y legislaciones regionales que pregonaron ciertas líneas de acción, con escasa resonancia. Se busca interpelar el rol de los organismos regionales, específicamente de la Comunidad de Estados Latinoamericanos y Caribeños (CELAC), el Mercado Común del Sur (MERCOSUR) y la Alianza del Pacifico; en relación a la situación de masificación y expansión de las TIC en nuestra región, entre los años 2005 y 2015. A su vez se aborda el contexto de las relaciones de poder internacionales y la relación de las TIC con el modo de producción, para poder significar los desafíos de la región en las disputas de poder en el periodo de estudio.
Results of clinical and laboratory research in the complex treatment of mild chronic periodontitis us-ing photodynamic therapy
Authors: Samusenkov V.O. , Tsarev V.N. , Ippolitov E.V. , Podporin M.S. , Grishaeva K.S.
Published: July 2021

The study analyzed the results of clinical evaluation of the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy for mild chronic periodontitis, as well as clinical and laboratory evaluation of the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy for this pathology, including microbiological research.
Observations were carried out for a period of up to 1 year, during which photodynamic therapy proved to be one of the most effective methods of treatment that have an antimicrobial effect, which positively affects the condition of periodontal tissues, as well as has a beneficial effect on the microbiocenosis of the oral cavity.
Genetic Structure of Groundwater Runoff to the Ivankovo Reservoir
Authors:   Akhmetyeva N.P., Lapina Y.Y.
Published: July 2021

Calculation of portions of different genesis groundwater in the Volga River many-year average flow at the Tver-Dubna range (Ivankovo Reservoir) has been carried out. Two calculation methods were applied: according Darcy formula and mix formula. Pressure, ground and spring (for the first time) portions have been distinguished; the obtained outputs will enable to get a detailed quantity of pollutants carried with underground runoff to Ivankovo Reservoir, a source of drinking water supply for Moscow.
Selection of Sample-preparation Method in Photometric Determination of Fluorid-Ions Mass Concentration in Waters with Metal Ions High Content
Authors:   Ioshin A.A., Oboldina G.A., Popov A.N.
Published: July 2021

The article presents outcomes of investigation of effectiveness of sample preparation methods in photometric determination of fluorid-ions concentration in waters with metal ions high content: cation exchange, distillation with vapor, adding of various chemical agents. It has been stated that cation exchange and vapor distillation are effective methods of sample preparation in photometric determination of fluorid ions concentration in the solutions under investigation.
Setting of Water-protective Activity Priorities in a River Basin on the Basis of Water Quality Objectives (the Ob River Basin as a Case Study)
Authors:   Belyaev S.D., Mikhailova T.I., Odintseva G.Y., Chaikina T.I.
Published: July 2021

The authors’ method of setting surface water bodies’ water quality objectives defined upon the outputs of application at a number of river basins has been given. An algorithm of determination the priority water-protective measures in a river basin on the basis of water quality objectives has been proposed Practical application of the approaches proposed by the authors has been illustrated by examples from the Scheme of Water Bodies’ Integrated Use and Protection for the Ob River basin.
Foundations of the Operational Data Base on Surface Waters Quality Formation
Authors:   Nikanorov A.M., Minina L.I., Yemelyanova V.P., Lobchenko Y.Y., Akavets A.A., Anapalyan I.A.
Published: July 2021

Approaches to formation of a new kind of informational/analytical system, namely “Operational Data Base “Hydrochemistry”, alongside with the currently functioning “Regime Reference Data Bank “Surface Waters Quality” of the state monitoring of the Russian Federation water bodies, have been considered. The principal idea was securing of improved organization of the systems of collection, processing, structuring, storage updating, converting and output of initial and processed hydro/chemical data for information support of decision making process in the sphere of water/economic complex management both at regional and Federal levels. The operational data base concept takes into account both emergencies’ registration by regular monitoring and additional collection of surface water quality data by different expeditions and agencies.
Anthropgenic Transformation of Ecological Status and Pollutants’ Transport along the Kuban River Length
Authors:   Nikanorov A.M., Bryzgalo V.A., Reshetnyak O.S., Kosmenko L.S., Kondakova M.Y.
Published: July 2021

Variability of the water environment component composition and ecosystems’ status along the Kuban River length have been considered on the basis of overview of the long-term regime hydro/chemical information. Importance of such researches was caused by occurring changes of the ecological status and deterioration of the river water environment quality in current conditions of anthropogenic impact. The ecosystems ecological status’ transformation at individual sites along the Kuban River as an effect of anthropogenic impact upon the basin aquatic ecosystems has been investigated. Calculation of chemical substances input volume along the watercourse length has been made and pollutants’ downstream transport has been considered.
Hydrodynamic Simulation of the Vyatke River in the Middle Reach: Target Setting and the Calculation Results
Authors:   Lepikhin A.P., Lyubimova T.P., Lyakhin Y.S., Tiunov A.A., Bogomolov A.V., Perepelitsa D.I., Parshakova Y.N.
Published: July 2021

Possibility of the hydrodynamic model application for evaluation of velocity and level modes’ changes in the process of non-metallic construction materials mining in the Vyatka River channel and floodplain in the vicinity of the towns of Kirovo-Chepetsk and Kirov has been investigated. Mechanisms of the Vyatka River pollution formation and spreading and results of the model calculations for washing of floodplain water bodies have been presented.
Spatiotemporal Dynamics of the River Waters’ Chemical Composition of the Ussury River Basin Russian Part
Authors:   Lutsenko T.N., Shesterkin V.P., Shesterkina N.M.
Published: July 2021

Spatiotemporal dynamics of the Ussury river basin waters chemical composition has been considered. Reduction of the biogenic elements concentration and predominance of nitrate nitrogen in the mineral forms’ composition in water of upper and middle reaches of the Ussury river and increase of the nitrogen oxide forms content in water of left bank party in the lower reach of the river have been noted. The priority role of the Lake Khanka in the transfer of phosphorous to the Ussury River has been ascertained.
Formation of Domestic Purpose Groundwater on the Territory of the Lower Volga Region
Authors:   Myazina N.G.
Published: July 2021

Analysis of the principal regularities of fresh groundwater formation and distribution of the territory of the Lower Volga region has been done. Hydro/geo/chemical data has been generalized. The prospect of domestic purpose groundwater mineral/raw material basis expansion has been substantiated.
Reconstruction of Rain Flood at the Adagum River on the Basis of Mathematical Models for Discharge Formation
Authors:   M.V. Bolgov, Y.A. Korobkina
Published: July 2021

The authors developed and presented a method of setting objectives in terms of surface water bodies’ water quality; it was elaborated and specified in accordance with the results of its application at a number of river basins. An algorithm of water/protective measures prioritizing in a river basin on the basis of water quality objectives was proposed. Practical application of the proposed approaches was illustrated by examples from the Scheme of Water Bodies; Integrated Use and Protection for the Ob River basin.
Adaptive Potential of Higher Water Plants with Various Accumulative Abilities
Authors:   Borisova G.G., Chukina N.V., Maleva M.G.
Published: July 2021

Ecological aspects associated with the assessment of higher aquatic plants’ adoptive mechanisms have been discussed. A comparative analysis of physiological/biochemical indicators of two prevalent species of higher aquatic plants with different accumulative strategy has been conducted. It has been demonstrated that the plants with higher accumulative ability have more sophisticated anti-oxidant systems that secure their resistance to the water environment contamination and higher phyto-remediation potential.
Mathematical Model of the Ufa River Tandem Reservoir System
Authors:   Lepikhin A.P., Tiunov A.A., Voznyak A.A.
Published: July 2021

With the use of HEC-ResSim 3.0 software a mathematical model of the Ufa River tandem reservoir system functioning has been made with taking into account requirements of the standing regulations of the Russian Federation water legislation in accordance with the current conditions and prospects of water use development. The model is aimed at carrying out water/economic, water/energetic and hydraulic calculations in the process of the development of draft Regulations for Water Resources Use for the Ufa River tandem reservoir system.
Water Use in the Irrigation Zone and Current Environmental Challenges
Authors:   Rzayev M.A.
Published: July 2021

This article focuses on the problems of irrigation water use in the Kur – Araz lowland of the Azerbaijan Republic. Based on the analysis of the current condition of the irrigation management, it has been proposed the ways of its improvement, taking into account the peculiarities of arid zones of the country with consideration of the ongoing global climate changes and connected with the latter the necessity of optimization of water resources use and environmental protection of the irrigated areas. Importance of climate changes’ consideration in the process of reconstruction and new construction of waterwork facilities in order to ensure the condition for the sustainable irrigation systems operation, allowing improving water use efficiency through the rational use of the available water resources and achieving of the high cropyield has been substantiated.
THE STRATEGIES USED BY LECTURERS IN TEACHING TRANSLATION OF IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS
Authors: Yunus Kamariah , Hmaidan Marvet Abed Ahmad
Published: July 2021

It is known that the lexicon of a particular language is much more than a list of individual words. The English language is full of somewhat formulaic language, especially established idiomatic expressions. Considering everyday situations in which such expressions are used and the significant role that they play in communication, there has been increasing awareness of these expressions in second language teaching and learning. It is therefore very important for lecturers to create strategies to make these expressions more understandable and memorable to their students as possible. This study investigates teaching strategies used by lecturers in teaching translation of idiomatic expressions to translation students and to what extent are these strategies effective. The researchers conducted informal open-ended interviews with experts in the field of translation that analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings of the study revealed that lecturers employ several different strategies in teaching translation of idiomatic expressions to improve students’ comprehension, which are authentic materials from real life, teaching within context, using L1 to comprehend L2 expressions, pictures, exercises, and activities, and dialogues and role play. In addition, the lecturers consider these strategies effective and useful in teaching figurative expressions. In light of these findings, the researcher recommends that idiomatic language should be taught inside classrooms before encountering the real English world, and it is the lecturers’ role to raise students’ awareness of these expressions and explore strategies that can improve students’ comprehension and production of these expressions. The study offers pedagogical suggestions on using multimodal strategies to teaching translation of English idiomatic expressions.
IDENTIFYING THE MENTAL STRESS OF MALAY STUDENTS WHO EXPERIENCING HYSTERIA PHENOMENON USING KRAEPELIN TEST
Authors: Paramasivam Nagarubini
Published: July 2021

Hysteria is a symptom of emotional distress and mental illness that is prevalent among teenage girls. It happens a lot in schools during class. Hysteria frequently starts with one student and then spreads to other pupils, sometimes as many as 20-50 at a time. Its strange symptoms include uncontrollable screaming, struggle, crying for no apparent cause, speaking incoherently, and body paralysis. Many elements that create hysteria have been recognized in previous studies on the subject by psychologists, psychiatrists, and physicians from an alternative Islamic perspective. Hysteria can be influenced by cultural elements as well as personal values and beliefs. Psychologists feel that the patient's mental stress is the main cause of hysteria. One way for these patients to express themselves is through hysteria. Hysteria, according to psychiatrists, can be caused by intense emotional stress resulting from long-standing, unsolved, and unspoken emotional issues. The purpose of this study is to identify the mental stress of Malay students thus involved in hysteria by using the Kraepelin test. The Uchida-Kraepelin (U-K) test is a simple mathematic that requires intense concentration and effort and has been used as a tool to induce mental stress. This test used to identify mental stress among Malay students who attacked by hysteria. Hysteria is a social problem, which always occurs among school students in Malaysia. 10 hard hysteria students from four different schools were selected for this research. Mental stress status was assessed using the Kraepelin test. The state of mental speed reflects the state after they involved in hysteria. 10 students between the ages of 13 and17 from four different schools participated.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF A CURIOSITY TOWARDS PRIMARY STEM EDUCATION QUESTIONNAIRE INSTRUMENT
Authors: Ahmad Jamilah , Siew Nyet Moi
Published: July 2021

The Curiosity towards STEM Education Questionnaire Instrument (CQI-STEM) was developed to measure the level of curiosity towards STEM education among primary school students. CQI-STEM consisted of 10 items measuring the two constructs of curiosity towards STEM, namely stretching, and embracing. A total of 166 years five students aged 10 to 11 years enrolled in five urban schools in the Tawau district, Sabah was involved as a research sample. Rasch Measurement Model was applied to determine the validity and reliability of CQI-STEM. The results of the validity analysis found that the polarity of the items through the PTMEA-CORR values showed that all 10 items were > .00 (+). Through item fit analysis, all items were retained because items meet the requirements of the range in MNSQ outfit, ZSTD outfit, and PTMEA-CORR. The value of Raw Variance Explained by Measures was 63.1% (excellent) and the value of Unexplained variance in the first contrast was below 15%, showing that the instrument had strong dimensionality and high construct validity. The CQI-STEM instrument was found to have high reliability with a Cronbach’s alpha value (KR-20) of .93. Results also showed that CQI-STEM has excellent item reliability and moderate-high item separation value of .96 and 4.83 respectively. CQI-STEM also has high person reliability and person separation value of .92 and 3.48 respectively. In conclusion, CQI-STEM has good validity and high reliability in measuring curiosity towards STEM Education among year five students in primary schools.
INSTRUCTIONAL LEADERSHIP OF SCHOOL PRINCIPALS IN SABAH ISLAND: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Silam Dexter , Pang Vincent , Lajium Denis
Published: July 2021

In the 21st century, the basic concept of instructional leadership has not changed much but its needs are still relevant and have become an important pulse for principals’ leadership towards the achievement of curricular excellence in schools. This study aims to identify instructional leadership practices and their implementation by island school principals in the state of Sabah. The qualitative study using this case study approach involved principals, senior curriculum assistants, and school subject teachers as study participants. The study data collected through interview, document analysis, and observation methods were processed and analyzed using ATLAS software. ti 8. The findings of the study show that the practice of instructional leadership in terms of defining the mission of the school, managing instructional programs, and creating a positive school climate is very important to ensure school excellence can be achieved. Principals of island schools should practice instructional leadership in their leadership not just to achieve curricular excellence but as a platform to perform their responsibilities as change leaders in schools in driving schools towards effective schools according to current changes. In conclusion, the instructional leadership practices of school principals are very important in ensuring curriculum excellence and the effectiveness of teachers' teaching and learning can be achieved in a planned and systematic manner and able to keep up with the current changes in the context of global education.
NEW PRAGMATIC APPROACH TO FISCALIZATION OF PUBLIC FINANCE
Authors: KRYSOVATYY Andriy
Published: July 2021

Introduction. Turbulence in the field of public finance on both national and global scale testifies to the existence of unresolved problems in reconciling the scientific postulates behind transformation and development of the institution of state. Crisis of the early twentieth century and the pandemic of 2019-2020 have revealed the ineffectiveness of liberal models of statehood, thus heightening the urgency of reinforcing scientific efforts directed at studying and fixing the aforementioned issue.

The purpose of the article is to systemize the scientific grounds of the latest theoretical dimensions of the public finance institute and to determine a new pragmatic approach to its fiscalization.

Methods. The methods of dialectic analysis, synthesis and logical generalization, as well as comparison and formalization are used.

Results. The essential parameters of the relationship between global crises and changes in the technological framework have been revealed. Financial policy is viewed as the art of managing finance with the purpose of creating conditions for sustainable socio-economic develop ment. The contradictions accumulated in the field of public finance and fiscal space have been analyzed and the evolution of the institution of state has been traced. It has been proven that in view of the new directions of societal development precipitated by the globalization crisis and the pandemic it is advisable to determine a new pragmatic approach to fiscalization of public finance, which would be defined by values, formal and informal institutions, and policy based on the main features of the coincidence theory.
FEATURES OF SOCIAL PROTECTION UNDER CONDITIONS OF DECENTRALIZATION OF BUDGETARY POWERS
Authors: IVANOVA Anna
Published: July 2021

Introduction. One of the indicators of society's development is the current system of social protection, its effective organization ensures the stable development of society. In the context of decentralization of budgetary powers, local authorities become guarantors of social protection and direct providers of public services, whose main task is to provide citizens with an adequate level of social protection, which is carried out in accordance with state standards.

The purpose of the article is to research of the social protection of the population in the conditions of budget decentralization and substantiation of proposals for its improvement in terms of improving the efficiency of social services.

Results. The centralized and decentralized models of social protection in Ukraine were considered. The powers of central and local authorities in the implementation of social protection and the provision of social services were systematized. The dynamics of expenditures on social protection from the state budget, local budgets and state extra-budgetary funds was analyzed. Data on changes in the distribution of expenditures between state and local budgets were presented.

Conclusions. The main directions of financing the social protection system were indicated. The advantages of the decentralized model of public services over the centralized one were emphasized. In the context of improving the effectiveness of social protection and the quality of social services, it is proposed to reduce the hierarchical network of budgetary institutions in the field of social services, monitoring and analyzing the number of socially vulnerable groups and providing social services on a competitive basis. The implementation of the proposed measures will improve the social protection system and will allow more rational use of public funds.