bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lensless Imaging By Binary Mask Rotation
Authors: Song Weizhi , Zhou You , Xiong Bo , Cao Xun
Published: January 2023

We report a compact lensless microscopy by rotating a binary mask with random intensity distribution.
Bandgap engineering to control amplification in photonic time crystals
Authors: Sadhukhan Snehashis , Ghosh Somnath
Published: January 2023

We present an unconventional way to manipulate light dynamics in photonic time crystals by introducing isolated temporal defects as a new degree of control over the amplification of propagating pulse with momentum lying within bandgap.
Attosecond chronoscopy of correlations between Bloch electrons
Authors: Freudenstein J. , Borsch M. , Meierhofer M. , Afanasiev D. , Schmid C. P. , Sandner F. , Liebich M. , Girnghuber A. , Knorr M. , Kira M. , Huber R.
Published: January 2023

Multi-terahertz fields force electron-hole pairs in semiconductors onto closed recollision paths. Precisely clocking these trajectories reveals first-ever attosecond signatures of many-body correlations between delocalized Bloch electrons, opening unprecedented views of quantum dynamics and phase transitions.
Nonreciprocal optical nonlinear metasurfaces
Authors: Tripathi Aditya , Ugwu Chibuzor Fabian , Asadchy Viktar S. , Kravchenko Ivan , Fan Shanhui , Kivshar Yuri , Valentine Jason , Kruk Sergey S.
Published: January 2023

We demonstrate nonreciprocal one-way transmission through a half-a-micron-thick nonlinear silicon-VO2 metasurface for low-power CW excitation. Reciprocity is broken by optically self-induced phase transition of VO2 occurring at different intensities for the opposite directions of illumination.
Paper-Based Computational Multi-Peptide Optical Sensor for Point-of-Care Testing of Lyme Disease
Authors: Joung Hyou-Arm , Ghosh Rajesh , Goncharov Artem , Ngo Kevin , Palanisamy Barath , Veszpremi Marcell , Horn Elizabeth J. , Arnaboldi Paul M. , Dattwyler Raymond J. , Garner Omai B. , Di Carlo Dino , Ozcan Aydogan
Published: January 2023

We report a paper-based multi-peptide optical sensor processed by a neural network for point-of-care testing of Lyme disease. Using clinical serum samples, we demonstrate 91.7% sensitivity and 100% specificity without cross-reactivity with other diseases.
Coherent Perfect Absorber for Arbitrary Wavefronts
Authors: Slobodkin Yevgeny , Weinberg Gil , Hörner Helmut , Pichler Kevin , Rotter Stefan , Katz Ori
Published: January 2023

We demonstrate how a time-reversed degenerate-cavity laser can be used to realize the first coherent perfect absorber that is capable of absorbing arbitrary wavefronts (Science, 377, 995, 2022).
Photonic Integrated Circuit Phased Array XY/Ising Model Solver
Authors: Chalupnik Michelle , Singh Anshuman , Leatham James , Lončar Marko , Soltani Mo
Published: January 2023

We present an on-chip silicon photonic optical phased array as a compact and high-speed application-specific integrated circuit processor for solving all-to-all coupled XY/Ising model Hamiltonians.
Partially coherent Fractional Fourier transform vortex beams
Authors: Miao Wenrui , Zhang Yongtao , Gbur Greg
Published: January 2023

In this paper we design a partially coherent source based on the Fractional Fourier transform (FrFT) to create a deterministic vortex in a partially coherent beam at any propagation distance.
Boosted Topological Zero Modes in Elastomer Waveguide Arrays
Authors: Frank Angelina , Leykam Daniel , Smirnova Daria A. , Angelakis Dimitris G. , Ling Alexander
Published: January 2023

We demonstrate boosted topological zero modes in a strain-tuneable photonic polymer waveguide array. Modulating the topological defect speed illustrates the varying localization of the light field. Theoretical predictions and experimental observation are in good agreement.
Elongated active particles in speckle fields
Authors: Ciriza David Bronte , Van Baalen Carlijn , Isa Lucio , Maragò Onofrio. M. , Volpe Giorgio , Jones Philip H.
Published: January 2023

Non spherical active particles in a non-homogenous energy landscape follow preferential paths. The shape of the particle plays a fundamental role in determining its network of paths.
Spectral mitosis of the Stokes tone generated by two-tone pumped stimulated Brillouin scattering using a completely spectrally resolved model
Authors: Rodriquez Micheal , Marciante John R.
Published: January 2023

For the first time, a completely spectrally resolved model is used to study SBS for nontrivial spectra. A deeper understanding of Brillouin gain and new physics are revealed, including Stokes tone shifting, broadening, and splitting.
Diode-Pumped SESAM Mode-Locked Yb:YAB Laser
Authors: Zeng Huang-Jun , Lin Zhang-Lang , Xue Wen-Ze , Zhang Ge , Chen Yujin , Huang Yidong , Loiko Pavel , Mateos Xavier , Wang Li , Chen Weidong , Petrov Valentin
Published: January 2023

We report on a diode-pumped mode-locked Yb-laser based on the non-centrosymmetric YAl3(BO3)4 host-crystal generating 56-fs pulses at 1044.6 nm with an average output power of 76 mW at a pulse repetition rate of ~67.5 MHz.
8.5-Micron Infrared Response in Flexoelectric Bi2Te3 Thin Film Cells
Authors: Blevins Morgan , Lorenzi Bruno , Sandell Remington , Boriskina Svetlana
Published: January 2023

Thin film, polycrystalline Bi2Te3 cells are evaluated for broad and narrowband bulk photovoltaic response to visible and infrared wavelengths via the flexoelectric effect, specifically in the 8500 nm window. Discussion of the thermoelectric effect is included.
Thermally Stable Near-Infrared Emitter Using Refractory Ceramic Materials
Authors: Gong Tao , Duncan Margaret A. , Karahadian Micah , Leite Marina S. , Munday Jeremy N.
Published: January 2023

We report on a bilayer thermal emitter (reflectivity of < 0.1) in the near-infrared with miniscule temperature-dependence up to 1000 °C. The measured in-situ thermal emission is in excellent agreement with theoretical calculations.
Monolithic heterogeneous integration of PbS colloidal quantum dot photodiode on silicon nitride
Authors: Pang Chao , Deng Yu-Hao , Kheradmand Ezat , Petit Robin , Elsinger Lukas , Detavernier Christophe , Geiregat Pieter , Hens Zeger , Van Thourhout Dries
Published: January 2023

Monolithic integration of PbS colloidal quantum dot photodiodes on silicon nitride waveguides is demonstrated for the first time. Waveguide width and top cladding thickness are designed to meet the low saturation threshold of optical power.
Design and construction of an etched SMS sensor coated with PVA-AgNPs and GO.
Authors: Leyva Jacobo González , Castillo Guzmán Arturo A.
Published: January 2023

This article describes the construction process of a single-mode-multimode-single-mode (SMS) sensor. It has been developed by etching the sensing region and coating it with polyvinyl alcohol stabilized silver nanoparticles (PVA-AgNPs) and graphene oxide (GO).
Object tracking with data under Colored Measurement Noise (CMN)
Authors: Pale-Ramon Eli G. , Shmaliy Yuriy S. , Morales-Mendoza Luis J. , González-Lee Mario , Ortega-Contreras Jorge A. , Uribe-Murcia Karen J.
Published: January 2023

This work presents an object tracking process using Kalman and UFIR filters, standard and modified for Colored Measurement Noise (CMN). UFIR CMN showed favorable results with no ideal conditions, and KF CMN for ideal conditions.
Non-paraxial multiple scattering model for intensity diffraction tomography
Authors: Zhu Jiabei , Wang Hao , Tian Lei
Published: January 2023

We propose a novel intensity diffraction tomography reconstruction algorithm based on the split-step non-paraxial model for recovering the 3D refractive index distribution of multiple-scattering biological samples.
Democratizing produce waste reduction via hyperspectral imaging with low-cost home-built hyperspectral cameras
Authors: Darbha Dhruv , McAllister James P , Dempsey Dennis , Shim Bonggu
Published: January 2023

We demonstrate that hyperspectral imaging with a home-built low-cost portable hyperspectral camera can predict the ripeness factor of vegetables or fruits. This research aids in democratizing reduction of produce waste at the consumer level.
Simultaneous intracellular nanorheology and nanothermometry using diamond quantum sensing
Authors: Gu Qiushi , Shanahan Louise , Hart Jack W. , Belser Sophia , Shofer Noah J. , Atature Mete , Knowles Helena S.
Published: January 2023

We demonstrate a dual-modal quantum sensor capable of simultaneously sensing nanoscale temperature and rheology in a dynamic cellular environment. We illustrate intracellular nanothermometry and nanorheology by studying the intracellular temperature response to external thermal modulations.
Demonstration of Ultrastrong Coupling for Intersubband Transition in a Single Semiconductor Quantum Well
Authors: Paul Puspita , Addamane Sadhvikas J. , Liu Peter Q.
Published: January 2023

We experimentally demonstrate ultrastrong coupling between the intersubband transition(s) in a single semiconductor quantum well and the resonant mode of photonic nanocavities at room temperature. The Rabi splitting reaches 27% of the intersubband transition frequency.
No Tradeoff between Coherence and Sub-Poissonianity in Heisenberg-Limited Lasers
Authors: Ostrowski Lucas A. , Baker Travis J. , Saadatmand S. Nariman , Wiseman Howard M.
Published: January 2023

Let

ℭ

be the number of photons in a coherence time of a laser beam. The Heisenberg limit is

ℭ

= O(µ4), lying beyond the standard limit of

ℭ

= O(µ2). Here, we generalise this result for sub-Poissonian beams.
Enhancement of lasing via complex plasmonic structures
Authors: Tóth E. , Fekete O. , Bánhelyi B. , Csete M.
Published: January 2023

Spectral engineering was realized by tailoring complex patterns of spherical plasmonic nanoresonators achievable via integrated lithography. Enhancement of lasing was demonstrated on Babinet-complementary complex patterns, with multiple spectral peaks at the plasmonic resonances and gaps.
Jones matrix imaging using cyclic lateral shearing interferometry
Authors: Tiwari Vipin , Bisht Nandan S.
Published: January 2023

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a polarization driven lateral shearing interferometric technique for Jones matrix imaging of anisotropic samples. The feasibility of the proposed technique is tested by measuring the Jones matrix of an optical retarder in double shot.
Near-Perfect Two-Photon State Transfer in a Trimer of Three-Level Systems
Authors: Aiyejina Abuenameh , Wyke Ethan , Andrews Roger
Published: January 2023

We investigate single and double excitation transfer in a trimer of dipole-coupled three-level systems using a Gaussian laser pulse. We demonstrate near-perfect state transfer of a double excitation to the third three-level system.
Design and Simulation of Multiple Quantum Well Vertical Cavity Tunneling Injection Transistor Laser
Authors: Noorbakhsh Ghazaleh , Kaatuzian Hassan
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we proposed a Vertical Cavity Tunneling Injection graded-base Transistor Laser with three quantum wells. We achieved a 14.8 GHz improvement in optical bandwidth compared to previously reported results.
Photonics Probing of Structural Alterations in Alzheimer's Disease in Human Brain Cells/Tissues
Authors: Alharthi Fatemah , Apachigawo Ishmael , Khan Mohammad Moshahid , Pradhan Prabhakar
Published: January 2023

Alzheimer's disease alters tissue structures in the brain which starts at an early stage. Results of the nanoscale-sensitive PWS and IPR techniques show a higher degree of structural alteration with the progress of the disease.
Single-cycle Laser Pulses through Nonlinear Pulse Compression
Authors: Silva Mariana , Hariton Victor , Estrela Patrícia , Williams Gareth , Figueira Gonçalo , Daniault Louis , Lopez-Martens Rodrigo , Fajardo Marta
Published: January 2023

Near single-cycle pulses with 3.81fs of duration were achieved in the Voxel laboratory (GoLP/IPFN at Instituto Superior Técnico) by taking advantage of the Kerr effect, a nonlinear process. This was done with resource to a differentially pumped Hollow-Core Fiber (HCF) and a D-Scan system from Sphere Ultrafast Photonics.
Random lasing in a random media with unevenly distributed scattering particles
Authors: Yashchuk Vasil P. , Zhuravsky M.V.
Published: January 2023

The distribution of random lasing in a limited random media is analyzed with Monte-Carlo method. The photons density much increases as the size decreases, which may be applied to the mapping of nonuniformly scattering objects.
Single-Mode Lasing Induced by Nonlinearity and the Non-Hermitian Skin Effect
Authors: Zhu Bofeng , Wang Qiang , Leykam Daniel , Xue Haoran , Wang Qi Jie , Chong Y. D.
Published: January 2023

We propose a laser that is multimodal for weak pumping, but single-modal at high pump strength. This behaviour is caused by an interaction between nonlinearity and the non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE).
On-chip Brillouin gain with Orbital Angular Momentum Modes in Silicon Photonic waveguides
Authors: Yadav Deepanshu , Subham B. Om , Venkataraman Vivek , Choudhary Amol
Published: January 2023

We present the excitation of forward Brillouin scattering using orbital angular momentum modes in silicon waveguides through numerical simulations. The highest gain coefficients (~540W-1m-1) are obtained for equal charges of the pump, and Stoke’s modes.
-Studying Curved, Expanded and inclined Patterns of Grating Rotating Around 3 Axes
Authors: Peng Hui
Published: January 2023

We propose the cylindrical screen to provide the position of each order of the non-uniform, curved, expanded and inclined diffraction patterns for studying the orientation-dependence of the patterns of the grating rotating around 3 Axes.
Optical Neural Networks with Arbitrary and Wideband Photonic Functionality
Authors: Amiri Ali Najjar , Vit Aycan Deniz , Gorgulu Kazim , Magden Emir Salih
Published: January 2023

We demonstrate a highly scalable silicon photonic neural network architecture enabling arbitrarily complex, on-chip optical functionality. We use this architecture to demonstrate wideband power splitters, achieving near-lossless and flat-top transmission bands.
Transmission Grating Producing both Transmission Pattern and Reflective Pattern in Same Experiment Simultaneously
Authors: Peng Hui
Published: January 2023

We show experimentally that a binary transmission grating acts as both a transmission grating and a reflective grating, and produces both a transmission diffraction pattern and a reflective diffraction pattern in the same experiment simultaneously.
Normal Texture Mapping in Analytical Polygon-Based Computer-Generated Holography
Authors: Dong Jiaqi , Hu Jiani , Yang Bo-Ru , Qin Zong
Published: January 2023

We simplify the rendering of a high poly model using normal texture mapping in analytical mesh-based computer-generated holography, which can significantly reduce the calculated polygons and not lose image quality.
Fast Rendering Method for Computer-Generated Integral Imaging Light Field Displays
Authors: Cheng Yunfan , Dong Jiaqi , Yang Bo-Ru , Qin Zong
Published: January 2023

A new method pre-calculating a voxel-pixel lookup table is proposed for elemental image array generation for light field displays, which has much faster speed and higher accuracy. With this method, real-time rendering is expected.
Application of GA-SVM method combined with serum Near-Infrared spectroscopy in the screening of breast cancer
Authors: Du Yu , Xie Fei , Wu Guohua , Yin Longfei , Yang Yang , Hu Xuege , Wang Shu
Published: January 2023

Serum near-infrared spectroscopy combined with the support vector machine algorithm was used for breast cancer screening. The genetic algorithm was used to optimize the support vector machine parameters to further improve the classification accuracy.
Development of long-wave infrared guided-mode resonant optical components
Authors: Magnusson Robert , Lee Kyu Jin , Simlan Fairooz Abdullah , Ko Yeong Hwan , Gupta Neelam
Published: January 2023

We address design, fabrication, and characterization of long-wave infrared (LWIR) optical components grounded in leaky Bloch mode resonance. Example devices include polarized and unpolarized notch filters.
Periodicity and Lattice Resonance: Transmission Control of the High Contrast Dielectric Metasurface
Authors: Sultana Hosna
Published: January 2023

The periodicity of the dielectric metasurface element influences the transmission. Here disparity in the transmission order of the orthogonal polarization states is activated by lattice resonance by twisting the periodicity of the array of nanoantenna’s.
2D-Grating Experiments:Non-Uniform, Curved, Expanded and Inclined Patterns---Rotating 2D Grating Around 3 Axes
Authors: Peng Hui
Published: January 2023

We show the non-uniform, curved, expanded and inclined diffraction patterns of 2D-grating experiments attributed to the rotation of the 2D-grating around 3 axes sequentially. The orientation dependence of the diffraction patterns has been studied systematically.
Optical Studies of Dysprosium Doped Novel Niobate Based Phosphor for W-led Application
Authors: Poria Kanishk , Deopa Nisha , Shahi Jangvir Singh
Published: January 2023

A series of dysprosium doped niobate-based phosphor was successfully synthesized for the first time. Their crystal structure and steady-state luminescence characteristics were investigated. Study of CIE chromaticity diagram showed its potential application in w-LED.
Interference Fringes from Non-Stationary Light Sources
Authors: van der Veen Joscelyn , James Daniel
Published: January 2023

We discuss the visibility of Young’s interference fringes for non-stationary fields, such as optical fields considered for a short period of time, and contrast the usefulness of different time-frequency representations to determine this visibility.
Plasmonic resonators for carrier envelope phase read-out
Authors: Szenes A. , Vass D. , Bánhelyi B. , Csete M.
Published: January 2023

Sensitivity of various plasmonic nanoresonators to the carrier envelope phase was numerically inspected. Geometry tuning ensured to achieve maximal near-field enhancement at the central wavelength. Phase sensitive structures to 795 nm central wavelength were designed.
Investigation on Modulation Instability in Multiple Coupled Quantum Wells
Authors: Halder Kritika , Shwetanshumala S. , Mishra Manoj , Konar Swapan
Published: January 2023

The article investigates the MI of a CW in an MCQW incorporating giant Kerr and quintic nonlinearities arising due to quantum coherence and interference effects under EIT wherein expression for gain spectrum has been obtained.
Diluting Convective Effects in Femtosecond Laser Induced Thermal Lens Measurements with Thermally Active Constituents
Authors: Chakraborty Subhajit , Mishra Amit Kumar , Rawat Ashwini Kumar , Goswami Debabrata
Published: January 2023

We report Thermal Lens measurements on the binary liquid mixtures of Methanol and Phenol with femtosecond pulse excitations. The photothermal response is found to be strongly dependent on relative concentrations and the constituents’ molecular properties.
All-Analog Current Repeater for Scalable Photonic Neural Networks
Authors: Garofolo James , Wu Ben
Published: January 2023

We propose an all-analog current repeater for use in highly scalable Photonic neural networks. This circuit samples and indefinitely reproduces photodetector currents. It is fully parallelizable and compatible with constant value and spiking architectures.
Voltage-controlled superradiance above an indium tin oxide thin film structure
Authors: Iqbal Saleem , Alam M. Zahirul , Boyd Robert W.
Published: January 2023

We numerically demonstrate suppression of superradiance through interference in atomic arrays resonant with the epsilon-near-zero region of a nearby indium tin oxide film, and propose a simple gold-oxide-ITO structure for switching superradiance on and off.
Efficient Frequency-Doubling in a Type-II, Fiber-Pigtailed MgO:ppLN Ridge Waveguide
Authors: Angural Akanksha , Kumar Ramesh , Ghosh Joyee
Published: January 2023

A compact, fiber-pigtailed, periodically-poled, type II phase-matched, MgO-doped congruent lithium niobate (MgO:ppLN) ridge waveguide module is characterised by 1560nm to 780nm conversion through frequency-doubling at an overall conversion efficiency of 1.408%/W.
Metal-organic framework decorated dielectric metasurfaces for optical sensing of VOC
Authors: Manjunath Shridhar , Karawdeniya Buddini I. , John Alisba T. , Murugappan Krishnan , Tricoli Antonio , Neshev Dragomir
Published: January 2023

We employ dielectric high-quality factor nanoresonators coated with metal-organic frameworks to obtain high sensitivity towards a target VOC. We have demonstrated LOD of 400 ppm in ambient conditions which aid to diagnose hyperglycemic conditions.
Control of Self-Similar Droplets of Light in Tapered Graded-Index Waveguide
Authors: Bhatia Sanjana , Kumar C N
Published: January 2023

We investigate the existence and manipulation of self-bound states in a 1-D photon-fluid confined in an inhomogeneous-nonlinear waveguide. Such droplet states are stabilized by the balance of repulsive cubic-nonlinearity and net attractive dispersion and quadratic-nonlinearity.
Jamming-Resilient LiDAR based on Photonic Blind-Source Separation
Authors: Garofolo James , Qi Yang , Shi Taichu , Wu Ben
Published: January 2023

We propose a system that cancels LiDAR interference signals in real time. This system uses blind source separation to separate signals in the same bandwidth, and is compatible with electro-optical analog circuitry.
Shearography device with Parallel Slits and Splitted Lens
Authors: de Lima T. P. , de Oliveira B. C. F. , G. A. Albertazzi
Published: January 2023

The proposed device for spatial shearography measurement uses a mask with parallel slits and a splitted converging lens.
Polarization based statistical parametric Stokes mapping of human erythrocytes
Authors: Mann Priyanka , Thapa Pramila , Mehta Dalip Singh
Published: January 2023

We report polarization-based study of human erythrocytes by quantifying the stokes mapping and analyzing statistical parameters of normal and clustered RBCs. This can be employed for the samples in blood storage and various biological applications.
Hexagonal Spiral shaped PCF based on Surface Plasmon Resonance biosensor
Authors: Mittal Shweta , Shrivastava Piyush , Saharia Ankur , Tiwari Manish
Published: January 2023

This work proposed a hexagonal spiral PCF based on SPR biosensor. This work report the phase matching resonance condition at 680 nm for the refractive index of 1.39 having confinement loss of 1.92x10-6 dB/cm.
Complex amplitude modulated holographic data storage based on one phase spatial light modulator
Authors: Hao Jianying , Lin Xiao , Hirayama Soki , Fujimura Ryushi , Tanaka Yoshito , Tan Xiaodi , Shimura Tsutomu
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we proposed a simple complex amplitude modulated holographic data storage（HDS）system and retrieved both the amplitude and phase data by deep learning from a single-shot intensity image. The complex amplitude of signal beam is modulated by a single spatial light modulator (SLM) based on double phase hologram method, and one object intensity image is captured by the detector. Two convolutional neural networks (CNN) are used to build the relationships between the captured intensity and complex amplitude data pages, respectively. After training the neural networks, both the amplitude and phase information can be directly decoded from one intensity image.
Photolithography of Nanophotonic Lithium Niobate Films Optical Strip Waveguide
Authors: Salim Evan T. , Fakhri Makram A. , Kadhim Ahmed C. , Azzahrani Ahmad S. , Alsultany Forat H.
Published: January 2023

In this part, the process of preparing LiNbO3 in the laboratory is defined. The morphological analysis showed that a particle size of the deposited nanomaterials could be found in the range of 30-130nm.
Enhancing Data Security in Optical Fiber Communication Through Dual Layer Encryption with Randomized Phases
Authors: Shahriar Kh Arif , Khalil Mostafa , Chan Adrian , Chen Lawrence R. , Kuang Randy , Plant David V.
Published: January 2023

We experimentally demonstrate a novel encryption technique that implements physical layer security in optical fiber communication through two layers of phase randomization. 160 Gb/s transmission over 80 km of SMF is achieved with 16-QAM modulation.
Low Loss Power Nano-Photonic LiNbO3 Optical Waveguide
Authors: Kadhim Ahmed C. , Azzahrani Ahmad S. , Salim Evan T. , Fakhri Makram A. , Alsultany Forat H.
Published: January 2023

LiNbO3 optical waveguide is prepared at different wavelengths to investigate and measure the propagation loss and the efficiency. The results show that high efficiency is maintained at a stirring time of 48 hours at 630nm.
Internal Structure of Hollow Microbubble Resonators
Authors: Jalaludeen Mohammed Zia , Li Shilong , Chormaic Síle Nic
Published: January 2023

The internal structure of hollow whispering gallery mode (WGM) microbubble resonators is investigated. Further verification experiments such as X-ray imaging are mandatory.
Demonstration of the Optical de Broglie-Mackinnon Wave Packet
Authors: Hall Layton A. , Abouraddy Ayman F.
Published: January 2023

We observe for the first time the de Broglie-Mackinnon wave packet through the use of spatio-temporally structured optical pulse propagating through a medium in its anomalous group-velocity dispersion regime.
Comparing the Lorentz and Einstein & Laub deformations of a dielectric water droplet
Authors: Warner Cael , Chau Kenneth J.
Published: January 2023

Microscopic Lorentz and Einstein & Laub theories predict unique deformation and acceleration of a water droplet subjected to a tightly-focused 532 nm wavelength Gaussian beam, which can be simulated using coupled electrodynamic and kinetic lattice- Boltzmann methods.
Ultrafast Saturable Absorber in Controlled MoS2/WS2 Heterostructure
Authors: Sharma Ankit , Taank Pravrati , Yadav Rajesh Kumar , Adarsh K. V.
Published: January 2023

We studied nonlinear optical properties of dispersed MoS2/WS2 heterostructure with controlled concentration by using an ultrafast open-aperture Z-scan. Our studies revealed an equal-concentration of heterostructure shows a better response in stark contrast with other compositions.
Grazing Incidence Femtosecond Filamentation Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy of Sparse Powdered Samples
Authors: Narlagiri Linga Murthy , Satani Sampath Kumar , Soma Venugopal Rao
Published: January 2023

We demonstrate here a novel experimental geometry for the detection of sparse samples using Femtosecond filamentation for mowing the very fine graphite powder on the brass substrate for filamentation-induced breakdown spectroscopy evading the substrate interference.
Magnetically Reconfigurable Terahertz Active Superlattice Metasurfaces
Authors: Karmakar Subhajit , Varshney Ravendra Kumar , Chowdhury Dibakar Roy
Published: January 2023

We experimentally propose effectual method towards tailoring characteristics of metasurfaces by externally exerted low-intensity magnetic field. Metasurfaces consist of periodic disposition of nonmagnetic and ferromagnetic metals, may lead to efficient terahertz devices for magnetic applications.
Stiles Crawford Effect and Sequencing Images of Truncated Sine-Wave Pattern By a Human Eye
Authors: Ghosh Sumit
Published: January 2023

Theoretical computations of image formations for a human eye have been attempted in order to study the impact of Stiles Crawford Effect of the First Kind on irradiance distribution of truncated sine wave shaped objects.
Holographic Imaging by Single-Beam Scanning without Interference
Authors: Liu Jung-Ping , Tsai Chen-Ming , Poon Ting-Chung , Tsang P.W.M. , Zhang Yaping
Published: January 2023

Interferenceless optical scanning holography (IOSH) is demonstrated to realize three-dimensional imaging. In IOSH, the scanning patterns are displayed by a digital micromirror device and projected to raster scan the object. Therefore, IOSH owns the merits of simple, stable and low cost.
A geometric analysis of pixel super-resolution phase retrieval
Authors: Gao Yunhui , Cao Liangcai
Published: January 2023

We revisit pixel super-resolution phase retrieval from a signal processing perspective by revealing the benign geometric properties which facilitate provable convergence. In addition, the uniqueness of the solution is empirically verified and visually illustrated.
Plasmonic nanotags for Surface-Enhanced Raman scattering imaging of folate receptor-positive cancer cells
Authors: Smirnov A.N. , Shevchuk A.I. , Svinko V.A. , Demenshin A.I. , Smirnov A.A. , Solovyeva E.V.
Published: January 2023

The optical behavior of anisotropic gold nanotags modified with Cy5.5 amine fluorophore and folic acid in PANC-1 cancer cells was studied using SERS and SEM. The results prove the promise of these nanotags for medicine.
Improving Phase Locking with Intra-Cavity Adaptive Optics
Authors: Pando Amit , Gadasi Sagie , Davidson Nir
Published: January 2023

In this work we show an improvement in the phase locking of a coupled laser array by implementing an adaptive optics scheme inside the laser cavity to correct for optical aberrations, misalignment, and fabrication errors.
Fabrication of Alvarez Lenses Prototypes Using a 3D Printer
Authors: Gonzalez-Utrera Dulce , Villalobos-Mendoza Brenda , Aguirre-Aguirre Daniel
Published: January 2023

Alvarez lenses are fabricated by using a Formlabs Form3 3D-printer. These prototypes are characterized, and experimental images are presented, showing that this method is suitable to prototype freeform surfaces in a fast and easy way.
Towards the Optical Control of Resonantly Bonded Materials: An Ultrafast X-ray Study
Authors: Huang Yijing
Published: January 2023

We use ultrafast X-ray scattering to study resonantly bonded materials, with an emphasis on their non-equilibrium states. The work presented advances the methodology of ultrafast X-ray scattering enabled by the free-electron lasers (FELs), and shows how these novel methodologies help us understand how electrons and phonons interact in their natural length scale and time scale, and how new non-equilibrium states of matter, possibly related to new functionalities, are created.
Time-resolved HBT interferometry of an integrated pulsed biphoton frequency comb
Authors: Seshadri Suparna , Myilswamy Karthik V. , Liu Junqiu , Kippenberg Tobias J. , Weiner Andrew M. , Lukens Joseph M.
Published: January 2023

We use electro-optic phase modulation to characterize the time-resolved second-order coherence of a multimode signal field generated via pulsed spontaneous four-wave mixing in an integrated 40.5 GHz Si3N4 microring.
Inhibiting Phase Drift in Multi-Atom Clocks Using the Quantum Zeno Effect
Authors: Shringarpure Saurabh U. , Franson James D.
Published: January 2023

We investigate using the quantum Zeno effect to inhibit phase drifts in multi-atom clocks. Frequent quantum measurements confine the atomic evolution to the desired subspace where the phase drift is suppressed.
Maxwell and the Modern Quantum Vacuum
Authors: Leuchs Gerd , Hawton Margaret , Sánchez-Soto Luis L.
Published: January 2023

Maxwell’s equations perfectly describe the spatio-temporal structure of the electromagnetic field also in vacuum. But the modern quantum vacuum can e. g. be polarized. We show that there is an intimate relation hidden in QED. © 2022 The Authors
Vortex and Anti-Vortex Lasing Modes from Topological Disclination States
Authors: Hwang Min-Soo , Kim Ha-Reem , Leykam Daniel , Kivshar Yuri , Park Hong-Gyu
Published: January 2023

We demonstrate vortex and anti-vortex nanolasers with the unity orbital angular momentum based on topological disclination states. The lasing modes with unique topological features are identified by measuring both polarization states and interference patterns.
Chiral Resonant Metaphotonics
Authors: Kivshar Yuri
Published: January 2023

We discuss linear and nonlinear circular dichroism in dielectric metastructures empowered by optically induced electric and magnetic Mie resonances and bound states in the continuum, including the demonstration of second- and third-harmonic generation and chiral lasing.
Dynamics of Cavity Multipolaritons formed from Quasi-degenerate Porphyrin Excitons
Authors: Avramenko Aleksandr G. , Rury Aaron S.
Published: January 2023

Multipolaritons are hybrid light-matter states formed from the ultrafast exchange of energy between a cavity photon and resonant excitons. We show evidence that multipolariton formation in extended cavities enables dynamical averaging of excitonic energetic disorder and delays polariton-mediated energy transfer.
Metagrating meets the geometry-based efficiency limit for AR waveguide in-couplers
Authors: Goodsell Jeremy , Xiong Pei , Nikolov Daniel K. , Vamivakas A. Nick. , Rolland Jannick P.
Published: January 2023

Recently, augmented reality (AR) displays have attracted considerable attention due to the highly immersive and realistic viewer experience they can provide. One key challenge of AR displays is the fundamental trade-off between the extent of the field-of-view (FOV) and the size of the eyebox, set by the conservation of etendue sets this trade-off. Exit-pupil expansion (EPE) is one possible solution to this problem. However, it comes at the cost of distributing light over a larger area, decreasing the overall system's brightness. In this work, we show that the geometry of the waveguide and the in-coupler sets a fundamental limit on how efficient the combiner can be for a given FOV. This limit can be used as a tool for waveguide designers to benchmark the in-coupling efficiency of their in-coupler gratings. We design a metasurface-based grating (metagrating) and a commonly used SRG as in-couplers using the derived limit to guide optimization. We then compare the diffractive efficiencies of the two types of in-couplers to the theoretical efficiency limit. For our chosen waveguide geometry, the metagrating's 28% efficiency surpasses the SRG's 20% efficiency and nearly matches the geometry-based limit of 29% due to the superior angular response control of metasurfaces compared to SRGs. This work provides new insight into the efficiency limit of waveguide-based combiners and paves a novel path toward implementing metasurfaces in efficient waveguide AR displays.
Effective linewidth compression of a single-longitudinal-mode fiber laser with randomly distributed high scattering centers in the fiber induced by femtosecond laser pulses
Authors: Feng Ting , Su Jing , Wei Da , Li Dongyuan , Li Changheng , Yan Fengping , Steve Yao X.
Published: January 2023

Femtosecond lasers can be used to create many functional devices in silica optical fibers with high designability. In this work, a femtosecond laser-induced high scattering fiber (HSF) with randomly distributed high scattering centers is used to effectively compress the linewidth of a fiber laser for the first time. A dual-wavelength, single-longitudinal-mode (SLM) erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) is constructed for the demonstration, which is capable of switching among two single-wavelength operations and one dual-wavelength operation. We find that the delayed self-heterodyne beating linewidth of the laser can be reduced from >1 kHz to <150 Hz when the length of the HSF in the laser cavity increases from 0 m to 20 m. We also find that the intrinsic Lorentzian linewidth of the laser can be compressed to several Hz using the HSF. The efficiency and effectiveness of linewidth reduction are also validated for the case that the laser operates in simultaneous dual-wavelength lasing mode. In addition to the linewidth compression, the EDFL shows outstanding overall performance after the HSF is incorporated. In particular, the optical spectrum and SLM lasing state are stable over long periods of time. The relative intensity noise is as low as <−150 dB/Hz@>3 MHz, which is very close to the shot noise limit. The optical signal-to-noise ratios of >85 dB for single-wavelength operation and >83 dB for dual-wavelength operation are unprecedented over numerous SLM fiber lasers reported previously. This novel method for laser linewidth reduction is applicable across gain-medium-type fiber lasers, which enables low-cost, high-performance, ultra-narrow linewidth fiber laser sources for many applications.
Anomalous reflection with customized high-efficiency bandwidth
Authors: Dai Yuhang , He Tao , Wei Zeyong , Wang Zhanshan , Cheng Xinbin
Published: January 2023

Anomalous reflection from metasurfaces with 100% efficiency at optical frequencies was not achieved until an all-dielectric quasi-three-dimensional subwavelength structure was proposed. The desired nonlocal control of light waves is realized by designing phase responses of multilayer films at a single wavelength. However, a high-efficiency bandwidth is not controllable by designing only the phase response at a single wavelength. Here, we propose the use of a multilayer metasurface to achieve anomalous reflection with a customized high-efficiency bandwidth. The interference of the successive light waves scattered from the structure at multiple wavelengths is controlled by phase dispersion regulation of multilayer films. As a proof of concept, two sets of multilayer films with different phase dispersions were designed to realize broadband (∼110 nm) and narrowband (∼15 nm) anomalous reflections, both with an efficiency of over 80%. The results offer a general strategy to design high-efficiency anomalous reflection with arbitrary bandwidth and might stimulate various potential applications for metadevices.
Highly birefringent one-air-hole panda fiber
Authors: Jin Wa , Zhang Xiang , Liu Xiao Qing
Published: January 2023

This Letter proposes a highly birefringent one-air-hole panda fiber, which is fabricated by corroding a single stress zone of the traditional panda-type polarization-maintaining fiber (PMF). An additional geometric asymmetry is induced in the fiber to increase the birefringence effect and enhance the light–matter interaction, which improves the performance of the sensor and the device applications of the special fiber. A theoretical and experimental analysis of the one-air-hole panda fiber demonstrates that the birefringence of the fiber can be of the order of 10−3, which is one order of magnitude higher than that of the traditional panda-type fiber. The corroded region provides a microchannel to be filled with a functional material to compose optical fiber sensors; a sample of a salt solution was filled into the microchannel to measure the refractive index with a sensitivity of 3760 nm/RIU (refractive index units).
Self-design of arbitrary polarization-control waveplates via deep neural networks
Authors: Liu Zhengchang , Dang Zhibo , Liu Zhixin , Li Yu , He Xiao , Dai Yuchen , Chen Yuxiang , Peng Pu , Fang Zheyu
Published: January 2023

The manipulation of polarization states beyond the optical limit presents advantages in various applications. Considerable progress has been made in the design of meta-waveplates for on-demand polarization transformation, realized by numerical simulations and parameter sweep methodologies. However, due to the limited freedom in these classical strategies, particular challenges arise from the emerging requirement for multiplex optical devices and multidimensional manipulation of light, which urge for a large number of different nanostructures with great polarization control capability. Here, we demonstrate a set of self-designed arbitrary wave plates with a high polarization conversion efficiency. We combine Bayesian optimization and deep neural networks to design perfect half- and quarter-waveplates based on metallic nanostructures, which experimentally demonstrate excellent polarization control functionalities with the conversion ratios of 85% and 90%. More broadly, we develop a comprehensive wave plate database consisting of various metallic nanostructures with high polarization conversion efficiency, accompanying a flexible tuning of phase shifts (0–2π) and group delays (0–10 fs), and construct an achromatic metalens based on this database. Owing to the versatility and excellent performance, our self-designed wave plates can promote the performance of multiplexed broadband metasurfaces and find potential applications in compact optical devices and polarization division multiplexing optical communications.
Diversity and evolution of computationally predicted T cell epitopes against human respiratory syncytial virus
Authors: Chen Jiani , Tan Swan , Avadhanula Vasanthi , Moise Leonard , Piedra Pedro A. , De Groot Anne S. , Bahl Justin
Published: January 2023

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of lower respiratory infection. Despite more than 60 years of research, there is no licensed vaccine. While B cell response is a major focus for vaccine design, the T cell epitope profile of RSV is also important for vaccine development. Here, we computationally predicted putative T cell epitopes in the Fusion protein (F) and Glycoprotein (G) of RSV wild circulating strains by predicting Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I and class II binding affinity. We limited our inferences to conserved epitopes in both F and G proteins that have been experimentally validated. We applied multidimensional scaling (MDS) to construct T cell epitope landscapes to investigate the diversity and evolution of T cell profiles across different RSV strains. We find the RSV strains are clustered into three RSV-A groups and two RSV-B groups on this T epitope landscape. These clusters represent divergent RSV strains with potentially different immunogenic profiles. In addition, our results show a greater proportion of F protein T cell epitope content conservation among recent epidemic strains, whereas the G protein T cell epitope content was decreased. Importantly, our results suggest that RSV-A and RSV-B have different patterns of epitope drift and replacement and that RSV-B vaccines may need more frequent updates. Our study provides a novel framework to study RSV T cell epitope evolution. Understanding the patterns of T cell epitope conservation and change may be valuable for vaccine design and assessment.
Interspecific comparison of gene expression profiles using machine learning
Authors: Kasianov Artem S. , Klepikova Anna V. , Mayorov Alexey V. , Buzanov Gleb S. , Logacheva Maria D. , Penin Aleksey A.
Published: January 2023

Interspecific gene comparisons are the keystones for many areas of biological research and are especially important for the translation of knowledge from model organisms to economically important species. Currently they are hampered by the low resolution of methods based on sequence analysis and by the complex evolutionary history of eukaryotic genes. This is especially critical for plants, whose genomes are shaped by multiple whole genome duplications and subsequent gene loss. This requires the development of new methods for comparing the functions of genes in different species. Here, we report ISEEML (Interspecific Similarity of Expression Evaluated using Machine Learning)–a novel machine learning-based algorithm for interspecific gene classification. In contrast to previous studies focused on sequence similarity, our algorithm focuses on functional similarity inferred from the comparison of gene expression profiles. We propose novel metrics for expression pattern similarity–expression score (ES)–that is suitable for species with differing morphologies. As a proof of concept, we compare detailed transcriptome maps of Arabidopsis thaliana, the model species, Zea mays (maize) and Fagopyrum esculentum (common buckwheat), which are species that represent distant clades within flowering plants. The classifier resulted in an AUC of 0.91; under the ES threshold of 0.5, the specificity was 94%, and sensitivity was 72%.
Perceptions of social media challenges and benefits during the Covid-19 pandemic: Qualitative findings from a cross sectional international survey
Authors: Schoultz Mariyana , Lamph Gary , Thygesen Hilde , Leung Janni , Bonsaksen Tore , Ruffolo Mary , Price Daicia , Watson Paul , Kabelenga Isaac , Chiu Vivian , Østertun Geirdal Amy
Published: January 2023

Since the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic in January 2020 the need for rapid information spread grew and social media became the ultimate platform for information exchange as well as a tool for connection and entertainment. With the rapid information spread along came the various public misconceptions and misinformation which consequently influenced perceptions and behaviors of the public towards the coronavirus pandemic. Thus, there was a need for identification and collation of public perceptions information to address future public health initiatives. This cross-national study aimed to examine the challenges and benefits of using social media during the Covid-19 pandemic outbreak. This study was a content analysis of the open-ended questions from a wider cross-sectional online survey conducted in Norway, UK, USA, and Australia during October/November 2020. 2368 participants out of 3474 respondents to the survey provided the open text responses included in the qualitative analysis. Thematic analysis was conducted independently by two researchers. All statements were coded to positive and negative sentiments. Three overarching themes were identified: 1. Mental health and emotional exhaustion 2. Information and misinformation; 3. Learning and inspiration.While providing a powerful mode of connection during the pandemic, social media also led to negative impact on public perceptions, including mistrust and confusion. Clarity in communications by institutions and education about credible information sources should be considered in the future. Further research is required in exploring and documenting social media narratives around COVID-19 in this and any subsequent incidents of pandemic restrictions. Understanding the public perceptions and their social narratives can support the designing of appropriate support and services for people in the future, while acknowledging the uncertainty and overwhelming impact of the pandemic that may have skewed the experiences of social media.
Immigrating and vicinity are not risk factors in the prevalence and transmission rate of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1: A Survey in an endemic region of Iran and Afghan refugees
Authors: Mahdifar Maryam , Akbari-Eidgahi Mohammad Reza , Mosavat Arman , Pourreza Alireza , Akbarin Mohammad Mehdi , Valizadeh Narges , Rezaee Seyed Abdolrahim , Rafatpanah Houshang
Published: January 2023

Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a retrovirus associated with two life-threatening diseases; HAM/TSP and ATLL. Due to the slow-growing HTLV-1 infection worldwide, WHO urged for elimination. A large border with Afghanistan, northeast Iran is an endemic region for HTLV-1 infection. Historically, Afghanistan has common sociocultural similarities to Persian peoples. This study was conducted to evaluate HTLV-1 prevalence in Afghan refugees. Also, the HTLV-1 transmission rate and understanding of whether or not the Silk Road has been the route of HTLV-1 infection to Iran were investigated. This case-control study was conducted in a rural area of Fariman city, with Afghan residents who migrated around 165 years ago, from 1857, the Treaty of Paris at the end of the Anglo-Persian war, and a refugee camp in Torbat-e-Jam city. These populations in HTLV-1 endemic area were compared to a segregated population of Afghan refugees in Semnan, the centre of Iran. Blood samples of 983 volunteers were assessed with the ELISA method for the presence of HTLV-1 antibodies and then confirmed by PCR technique. All samples from Afghan refugee camps, Semnan and Torbat-e-Jam, were negative for HTLV-1 infection. However, the prevalence of HTLV-1 infection in Fariman, a rural population of Afghan origin, was approximately 2.73%. The results showed that HTLV-1 is not endemic in Afghanistan, a war-stricken region with refugees distributed worldwide. The land Silk Road has not been the route of HTLV-1 transmission to Northeastern Iran. Importantly, HTLV-1 endemicity might occur during a long time of living in an endemic area.