bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effects of boar on susceptibility to swine inflammation and necrosis syndrome in piglets
Authors: Kuehling Josef , Eisenhofer Kathrin , Lechner Mirjam , Becker Sabrina , Willems Hermann , Reiner Gerald
Published: January 2021

Inflammation and necrosis can appear in pigs in several parts of the body simultaneously. The signs can affect newborns, suckling piglets and older pigs, and recent studies suggest that the syndrome is primarily endogenous. Inflammation and necrosis indicate impaired animal welfare, and thus should be controlled in pig production. This can be achieved by improving husbandry conditions. However, the variation in signs also appears to have a genetic component. The aim of the present study was therefore to test the effects of different boars from the Duroc and Pietrain breeds on the prevalence of swine inflammation and necrosis syndrome in their offspring. For this purpose, 646 suckling pigs from 39 sows (two herds) and 19 boars were made available. On the third day of life, the piglets were examined for clinical signs of inflammation and necrosis at tail base, tail tip, ears, face, teats, navel and claws. For the evaluation, we included the boar within the breed and the breed as fixed effects and the sow within the herd as random effects. More than 70% of the piglets were affected at the tail base, ears, coronary bands and heels. Bristle loss, swelling, redness, venous congestion and claw wall bleeding occurred most frequently. Exudation and necrosis affected fewer piglets. None of the piglets was completely free from signs of SINS. Offspring from Duroc boars had significantly lower SINS scores (4.87 ± 0.44) than offspring from Pietrain boars (10.13 ± 0.12). Within the Pietrain breed, significant effects of the boar were observed on inflammation and necrosis levels. Under the present study conditions, using Duroc boars instead of Pietrain boars resulted in a 59% reduction in the SINS scores of their offspring. The SINS score in the offspring of the most favourable Pietrain boar was almost 40% lower than that of offspring in the least favourable. These findings confirm considerable genetic effects on the outcome of SINS under a given husbandry. Further studies are necessary to characterise the genetic effects in detail and to make them useful to combat the syndrome.
Genomic variability of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae within pig lung lobes
Authors: Tonni Matteo , Boniotti M. Beatrice , Gasparrini Sara , Guarneri Flavia , Formenti Nicoletta , Pieters Maria , Pasquali Paolo , Alborali Giovanni L.
Published: January 2021

Background

Genotypic variability in M. hyopneumoniae has been reported within and among herds. However, information regarding VNTR types within single lung lobes is lacking. The objective of his study was to analyse M. hyopneumoniae infections and their association with VNTR types and lung lesions at the lobe level. Lungs from 300 pigs from 10 farms experiencing an enzootic pneumonia outbreak were collected and scored. M. hyopneumoniae was detected by real-time PCR and genotyped by MLVA assay in all samples.

Results

The results showed genotypic variability within single pigs and among lung lobes. At the lobe level, infection with one VNTR type (SN infection) was dominant. Lobes with lesion scores > 0 were associated with positive results for real-time PCR. At the lobe level, no relationship was observed between infections with more than one genotype (MX infections) and the proportion of Mycoplasma-like lesions. Lesion-free lobes presented a higher proportion of MX infections than lobes scored > 0. M. hyopneumoniae was detected more frequently in the right lobe of the lung (p < 0.05), with a similar distribution within lobes for SN and MX infections. The anatomic conformation of swine lungs led to a higher prevalence of infections in the right lobe. However, this study showed that this condition did not affect the distribution of infections with multiple VNTR types. Nevertheless, careful consideration of sample selection should be practised for M. hyopneumoniae genotype analyses, including lung lobes with no visible lesions.

Conclusion

The results did not show a significant association between the number of detected genotypes and the severity of the lesions at the lung lobe level, but revealed the unexpected detection of M. hyopneumoniae genotypes in lesion-free lobes. These results imply that a representative sampling of all lobes may lead to an accurate identification of the VNTR-type distribution. Further studies including factors that can affect pathogenetic evolution of this bacterium could shed light on the complexity of the relationship between genotypes and the lung lesions magnitude.
Correction to: Design of high performance and low resistive loss graphene solar cells
Authors: Rezaei Kourosh , Sabaeian Mohammad , Hajati Yaser
Published: January 2021

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
Translation and cultural adaptation of IPOS (integrated palliative care outcome scale) in Estonia
Authors: Laissaar Merli , Hallik Riina , Sillaste Pille , Ragun Ulvi , Pärn Mari-Leen , Suija Kaiu
Published: January 2021

Background

Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) are questionnaires that could be used in palliative care (PC) to evaluate patient well-being and monitor their care. PROMs enable a focus on what is important to patients by putting the patient at the center of care. Adapting an existing PROM requires considering cultural differences, general usability and understandability of translated terms.

Aim

To translate and culturally adapt both the patient and staff three and seven day versions of the Integrated Palliative care Outcome Scale (IPOS) into Estonian. The IPOS consist of 10 questions (staff versions 9 questions) and 17 close ended items. The sub aim is to describe the differences and discrepancies found during the adaptation process and compare the results with previous research.

Methods

The translation and adaptation process of IPOS was conducted using recommended guidelines consisting of six phases and included cognitive interviews with patients (n = 11) and palliative care multidisciplinary team members (n = 8). The study was conducted in two major Estonian hospitals.

Results

The Estonian IPOS demonstrated face and content validity, acceptance by patients and staff. As a result of expert group review and cognitive interviews with patients and staff, 9 semantic changes were implemented.

Conclusions

Patient and staff versions of the IPOS with a recall of 3 or 7 days were translated and culturally adapted for Estonia. The Estonian IPOS four versions are ready for use in Estonia.
Targeted tibio-peroneal re-entry during subintimal revascularization using the Outback® catheter
Authors: Rippel K. , Ruhnke H. , Jehs B. , Decker J. , Kroencke T. , Scheurig-Muenkler C.
Published: January 2021

Background

Re-entry devices are used regularly in subintimal recanalization of chronic occlusions of the iliac and femoro-popliteal arteries and significantly contribute to the high success rate of these interventions. However, the use in tibio-peroneal arteries has only been described in few cases so far. The present work is a retrospective evaluation of the Outback® re-entry device for gaining targeted true lumen access at the level of the tibio-peroneal arteries.

Methods

From 9/2017 until 10/2020 the Outback® catheter was used in case of failed spontaneous re-entry at the level of the tibio-peroneal arteries in 14 patients either instead of the usual retrograde approach via a pedal/distal-crural access (n = 11) or in combination with it (n = 3). Baseline demographic and clinical data, morphologic characteristics of the occlusions, procedural succedss, as well as the Society of Vascular Surgery (SVS) runoff score before and after revascularization were documented.

Results

All patients (median age: 78 years; range: 66–93) suffered from peripheral artery occlusive disease Rutherford stage 4 to 6 with a median lesion length of 12 cm (range: 7–35). Technical and procedural success was achieved in all 14 patients. The mean re-entry accuracy was 0.25 cm (range: 0–0.8). The SVS runoff score improved from a median of 14.5 (interquartile range IQR: 10.8–16.4) to 7 (IQR: 6.3–7) (p < 0.01).

Conclusions

The use of the Outback® catheter for targeted tibio-peroneal re-entry is associated with a high technical and procedural success rate and should be considered in case of otherwise failed ante- and retrograde recanalization.
Recent developments towards closing the gap in osteoporosis management
Authors: El Miedany Yasser
Published: January 2021

Background

A fracture that occurs in people with low bone mass in the setting of minimal trauma—such as a fall from standing height—meets the criteria for the clinical diagnosis of osteoporosis and qualifies this particular individual for being at high risk of further fractures, particularly in the first 2 years after the index fracture. Therefore, it is vital to identify those individuals at very high and high fracture risk with the potential of instantly starting osteoporosis therapy.

Main body

Currently, there are unmet needs in the management of bone fragility and fracture prevention. Therefore, re-stratification of the people according to their risk of fracture, and, also, identify what is and is not achievable using different osteoporosis therapies, represent a major step forward. In 2020, the dichotomisation of high risk into high and very high-risk categories, which represent a new concept in osteoporosis assessment, was published by the IOF and the ESCEO. This coincided with proliferation of the available therapies with different modes of action and new therapeutic targets for treating osteoporosis. Fear of complications, even though rare, associated with long-term bisphosphonates and the positive impact of osteoanabolic agents on fracture reduction and bone quality, have changed the prescribing patterns and paved the way for sequential and combined therapy.

Conclusion

The incorporation of recent concepts in osteoporosis and the development of new interventional thresholds have positive implication on strategies for osteoporotic patients’ diagnosis and management.
T-Cell Therapy for Lymphoma Using Nonengineered Multiantigen-Targeted T Cells Is Safe and Produces Durable Clinical Effects
Authors: Vasileiou Spyridoula , Lulla Premal D. , Tzannou Ifigeneia , Watanabe Ayumi , Kuvalekar Manik , Callejas Wendy L. , Bilgi Mrinalini , Wang Tao , Wu Mengfen J. , Kamble Rammurti , Ramos Carlos A. , Rouce Rayne H. , Zeng Zihua , Gee Adrian P. , Grilley Bambi J. , Vera Juan F. , Bollard Catherine M. , Brenner Malcolm K. , Heslop Helen E. , Rooney Cliona M. , Leen Ann M. , Carrum George
Published: January 2021

PURPOSE

Patients with relapsed lymphomas often fail salvage therapies including high-dose chemotherapy and mono-antigen–specific T-cell therapies, highlighting the need for nontoxic, novel treatments. To that end, we clinically tested an autologous T-cell product that targets multiple tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) expressed by lymphomas with the intent of treating disease and preventing immune escape.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

We expanded polyclonal T cells reactive to five TAAs: PRAME, SSX2, MAGEA4, SURVIVIN, and NY-ESO-1. Products were administered to 32 patients with Hodgkin lymphomas (n = 14) or non-Hodgkin lymphomas (n = 18) in a two-part phase I clinical trial, where the objective of the first phase was to establish the safety of targeting all five TAAs (fixed dose, 0.5 × 107 cells/m2) simultaneously and the second stage was to establish the maximum tolerated dose. Patients had received a median of three prior lines of therapy and either were at high risk for relapse (adjuvant arm, n = 17) or had chemorefractory disease (n = 15) at enrollment.

RESULTS

Infusions were safe with no dose-limiting toxicities observed in either the antigen- or dose-escalation phases. Although the maximum tolerated dose was not reached, the maximum tested dose at which efficacy was observed (two infusions, 2 × 107 cells/m2) was determined as the recommended phase II dose. Of the patients with chemorefractory lymphomas, two (of seven) with Hodgkin lymphomas and four (of eight) with non-Hodgkin lymphomas achieved durable complete remissions (> 3 years).

CONCLUSION

T cells targeting five TAAs and administered at doses of up to two infusions of 2 × 107 cells/m2 are well-tolerated by patients with lymphoma both as adjuvant and to treat chemorefractory lymphoma. Preliminary indicators of antilymphoma activity were seen in the chemorefractory cohort across both antigen- and dose-escalation phases.
Adrenal Venous Sampling in Young Patients with Primary Aldosteronism. Extravagance or Irreplaceable?
Authors: Gkaniatsa Eleftheria , Sakinis Augustinas , Palmér Magnus , Muth Andreas , Trimpou Penelope , Ragnarsson Oskar
Published: January 2021

Context

Current clinical guidelines suggest that adrenal venous sampling (AVS) may not be mandatory in young patients with primary aldosteronism (PA) and a solitary adrenal adenoma on imaging.

Objective

The aim of this study was to further elucidate whether conventional imaging alone is sufficient to distinguish unilateral from bilateral PA among patients aged 40 years or younger.

Methods

This was a retrospective study where data from 45 patients with PA, aged between 26 and 40 years, who underwent successful AVS between 2005 and 2019, were analyzed. Results concerning laterality on imaging studies and AVS were recorded. Outcome in surgically treated patients was assessed according to the Primary Aldosteronism Surgical Outcomes criteria.

Results

In 4 of 25 patients with unilateral aldosterone production according to AVS, computed tomography inaccurately suggested bilateral disease. Following unilateral adrenalectomy, all 4 patients showed complete clinical success. Five of 20 patients with bilateral aldosterone production according to AVS had a solitary adrenal nodule (8-19 mm) on imaging. Two of these 5 patients were treated with unilateral adrenalectomy, neither having complete biochemical and/or clinical success postoperatively. Two of 16 patients younger than 35 years had discordant results, 1 with unilateral and 1 with bilateral aldosterone production, according to AVS.

Conclusion

Imaging studies inaccurately predicted laterality in a significant number of young patients with PA. In contrast to current clinical guidelines, our results support AVS for subtype evaluation in young adults with PA, including patients 35 years or younger.
Mechanisms underlying gut microbiota–host interactions in insects
Authors: Schmidt Konstantin , Engel Philipp
Published: January 2021

Insects are the most diverse group of animals and colonize almost all environments on our planet. This diversity is reflected in the structure and function of the microbial communities inhabiting the insect digestive system. As in mammals, the gut microbiota of insects can have important symbiotic functions, complementing host nutrition, facilitating dietary breakdown or providing protection against pathogens. There is an increasing number of insect models that are experimentally tractable, facilitating mechanistic studies of gut microbiota–host interactions. In this Review, we will summarize recent findings that have advanced our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the symbiosis between insects and their gut microbiota. We will open the article with a general introduction to the insect gut microbiota and then turn towards the discussion of particular mechanisms and molecular processes governing the colonization of the insect gut environment as well as the diverse beneficial roles mediated by the gut microbiota. The Review highlights that, although the gut microbiota of insects is an active field of research with implications for fundamental and applied science, we are still in an early stage of understanding molecular mechanisms. However, the expanding capability to culture microbiomes and to manipulate microbe–host interactions in insects promises new molecular insights from diverse symbioses.
Direct Electron Transfer Reaction of Cytochrome c Immobilized on a Bare ITO Electrode
Authors: Matsuda Naoki , Okabe Hirotaka , Nagamura Toshihiko , Nakano Koji
Published: January 2021

To measure the direct electron transfer (DET) reaction of cytochrome c (Cytc) immobilized on a bare ITO electrode after removing the adsorbed molecules, automated solution exchange (ASE) processes were performed to induce their desorption. By fitting the absorbance decay curve observed at the Soret band peak position of Cytc at around 408 nm during the ASE processes with a double exponential equation, the final immobilized fraction was estimated to be 58.6% of the Cytc adsorbed on bare ITO electrodes under the experimental conditions. Cyclic voltammograms (CVs) of Cytc adsorbed on the bare ITO electrodes were measured for 60 min to elucidate the DET activity of immobilized Cytc. After repeated CV measurements, approximately 90% of immobilized Cytc was found to remain from the evaluation based on the coulombic amount of reduction and oxidation peaks. The scan rate dependent peak separation data from the immobilized Cytc between reduction and oxidation peaks in CVs produced 2.7 times larger DET reaction rate constant than that previously reported for the Cytc adsorbed on the bare ITO electrode.
Testing the Waters: Behavior across Participant Pools
Authors: Snowberg Erik , Yariv Leeat
Published: January 2021

We leverage a large-scale incentivized survey eliciting behaviors from (almost) an entire undergraduate university student population, a representative sample of the US population, and Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) to address concerns about the external validity of experiments with student participants. Behavior in the student population offers bounds on behaviors in other populations, and correlations between behaviors are similar across samples. Furthermore, non-student samples exhibit higher levels of noise. Adding historical lab participation data, we find a small set of attributes over which lab participants differ from non-lab participants. An additional set of lab experiments shows no evidence of observer effects. (JEL C83, D90, D91)
Die Bibliothek 2.0 ist tot – es lebe der Bibliothekar 2.0
Authors: Tréfás David
Published: January 2021

DOI: 10.12685/027.7-1-1-12Schweizer Bibliotheken bekunden Mühe mit ihren Auftritten im Internet. Insbesondere ihre Facebook-Seiten werden nur ungenügend genutzt. Dieser Artikel stellt die These in den Raum, wonach der Misserfolg der Bibliotheken vor allem darauf beruht, dass sie die Handlungsweisen ihrer Nutzer nicht der Umgebung des Web 2.0 anpassen. Erst wenn sich Bibliotheken als gleichberechtigte Mitglieder einer Community sehen, kann beispielsweise die Nutzung von Facebook wirklich gelingen.Swiss libraries have difficulties with their web presence. Especially their facebook pages are not being used sufficiently. This article suggests that the libraries’ failure is due to false expectations of user behaviour in a web 2.0 environment. Only if libraries regard themselves as equal members of a web community, can their web 2.0 presence and especially facebook presence unfold fully.
Die Diktatur der Suchmaschinen
Authors: Spinnler-Dürr Alice
Published: January 2021

DOI: 10.12685/027.7-1-2-31Die „Googlisierung“ mit ihren Algorithmen hat sich in der Bibliothekswelt breit gemacht. Die Einschlitzsuche scheint notwendig geworden zu sein, damit die BenutzerInnen auch im Bibliothekskatalog einfach und schnell ihre Informationen finden können. Bei näherer Analyse erweist sich dies als Illusion, denn auch mit der Einschlitzsuche ist ein grosser Teil der BenutzerInnen überfordert. Dafür werden sinnvolle Suchmöglichkeiten (zum Beispiel Erweiterte Suche und Indexsuche), die ergänzend zur Ein­schlitzsuche benutzt werden könnten, ausrangiert. Der in diesem Artikel entworfene „OPAC 2000plus“ versucht, die alten Tugenden mit den neuen Möglichkeiten, die die Suchmaschinentechnologie bietet, zu vereinen.„Googlisation“, i.e. the use of algorithms, has spread more and more widely in the library world. Single search features seem to be necessary, since they allow users of library catalogues to easily find the information they need. A closer look however reveals this assumption to be an illusion: A great part of the users are still unable to cope with the single search. At the same time, useful supplementary alternatives like extended search and indexed search are being discarded more and more. The article suggests that old and new search possibilities could be united in a catalogue called „OPAC 2000plus“.
The Consortium of European Research Libraries (CERL): twenty years of promoting Europe’s cultural heritage in print and manuscript
Authors: Versprille Ingeborg , Lefferts Marian , Dondi Cristina
Published: January 2021

DOI: 10.12685/027.7-2-1-50The Consortium of European Research Libraries (CERL, http://www.cerl.org) is a membership organisation, involving an active community of c. 190 libraries each with a keen focus on cultural heritage in the form of early printed books and manuscripts. Collaboratively, CERL member libraries and researchers in the field develop products and services. These include the HPB, the CERL Thesaurus, MEI and the CERL Portal. This article comprises a description of CERL’s strategy, activities and ways to contribute.
Die Übersetzung von RDA ins Deutsche
Authors: Oehlschläger Susanne
Published: January 2021

DOI: 10.12685/027.7-3-2-63Deutsch soll weiterhin die Ansetzungs- und Arbeitssprache bei der Erschliessung in Deutschland, Österreich und der deutschsprachigen Schweiz bleiben. Dieser Beschluss des Standardisierungsausschusses ist eine der Grundlagen für die Übersetzung des Standards Resource Description and Access (RDA) ins Deutsche. Im folgenden Beitrag werden die Hintergründe, die Herangehensweise und verschiedene Aspekte erläutert, die zur Vorbereitung und Umsetzung der Übersetzung notwendig waren. Dabei werden auch Schwierigkeiten benannt, die während dieses Prozesses aufgetreten sind.German shall remain the working language for cataloguers in Germany, Austria and the German-speaking parts of Switzerland. Amongst others, this agreement of the Committee for Library Standards is the basis for the translation of the standard Resource Description and Access (RDA) into German. The article below explains the approach and the various aspects necessary to prepare the translation and the real translation work. It also names issues arising during the translation process.
Ideen-Jäger und -Sammler für Hamburgs Bibliothekssystem
Authors: Schröder Sina
Published: January 2021

DOI: 10.12685/027.7-3-3-73Die Bücherhallen Hamburg betreiben seit 2013 ein systematisches Ideen- und Innovationsmanagement. Zu diesem Zweck wurde ein Innovationszirkel gegründet, der sich aus Mitgliedern unterschiedlicher Unternehmensbereiche zusammensetzt. Das Gremium bewertet in monatlich stattfindenden Sitzungen Ideen und Vorschläge von Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeitern. Der Arbeitsauftrag lautet, innovative Ideen aus dem gesamten System an einer zentralen Stelle zu sammeln, zu besprechen und zu kanalisieren.Since 2013, a systematic idea and innovation management has been operated at the public library system of Hamburg (Bücherhallen Hamburg). For this purpose, an innovation circle, whose members belong to different business sectors, has been established. In monthly meetings, the panel evaluates ideas and suggestions from employees. Its goal is to collect, discuss, and canalize innovative ideas from the entire system at one central point.Les bibliothèques publiques de la ville de Hambourg (Bücherhallen Hamburg) ont mis en place une gestion systématique des idées et de l’innovation en 2013. Dans ce contexte, un « cercle de l’innovation » a été fondé qui est constitué de représentants de différents secteurs de l’institution. Au cours de réunions mensuelles, ce groupe évalue les idées et propositions venant du personnel. L’objectif fixé est de disposer d’une unité centrale qui rassemble, discute et canalise les idées innovantes générées par l’ensemble de l’institution.
Pricing bei wissenschaftlichen Zeitschriften
Authors: Dettwiler Raymond
Published: January 2021

Der Artikel beschreibt die drei Preisverfahren, die im Preismanagement angewendet werden und zeigt, dass trotz neuer Preisverfahren die Preismodelle bei wissenschaftlichen Zeitschriften immer noch kostenorientiert oder wettbewerbsorientiert sind. Das nutzenorientierte Preisverfahren wartet noch auf seine Umsetzung.This article describes the three modes of pricing which have been applied by price management. Although new pricing models are existing pricing models at scientific journals remain cost oriented or competitor oriented. The value oriented pricing is still waiting for realisation.
„Korporatheken“: Die digitale und verdatete Bibliothek
Authors: Bubenhofer Noah , Rothenhäusler Klaus
Published: January 2021

Mit dem digitalen Zeitalter ergeben sich für die Geisteswissenschaften neue methodologische Möglichkeiten, deren Wurzeln jedoch weit zurück reichen. Am Anfang steht der Index, der inzwischen mit viel weniger Aufwand als früher zum Volltextindex wird. Mit der anschliessenden „Verdatung“ werden Sprachdaten verrechenbar und damit anders nutzbar. Welche Rolle können Bibliotheken in einer verdateten Welt spielen? Der folgende Beitrag betont nicht nur die technischen Möglichkeiten, sondern auch die Probleme, spezifisch aus geistes- und kulturwissenschaftlicher Sicht.The digital era produces a whole range of new approaches for research in the humanities whose origins, however, can be traced far back. Their very source is the index, which can take the form of a full text index much easier than before. By turning text into data it becomes computationally tractable and can be used in novel ways. Which role can libraries play in a digitized world? This paper explores technical possibilities but it also points to problems specific for arts and social sciences.
Measuring the Societal Impact of Research with Altmetrics: An Experiment
Authors: Oberst Ursula
Published: January 2021

All research at Dutch universities is assessed on a regular basis following the Standard Evaluation Protocol (SEP). From 2015 onwards, one of the protocol’s criteria for measuring research success is the societal impact of the research. As traditional metrics do not provide an indication of public reach and influence, the African Studies Centre in Leiden (ASCL) decided to experiment with the new suite of alternative metrics – altmetrics – that measure the number of times a research output is viewed, downloaded or mentioned online. I analyzed the presence of altmetric indicators in 148 publications using Altmetric.com and evaluated the content that Altmetric.com tracked. This paper describes the ASCL Altmetric experiment and reports on its results.
Determinants of regulatory compliance in health and social care services: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Dunbar Paul , Browne John P. , O'Connor Laura
Published: January 2021

Background: The delivery of high quality health and social care services is a fundamental goal for health systems worldwide. The measurement of quality in health and social care services is a complex task as there are a myriad of determinants and outcome measures to choose from. Researchers in this field have assessed a range of organisational and environmental factors (for example: staff composition, facility ownership, facility size) for an association with various measurements for quality. Compliance with regulations is one such quality measure. Compliance with regulations is variable and the determinants of this variability are under-investigated. Identifying the determinants of compliance has the potential to improve regulatory processes and can inform quality improvement initiatives undertaken by service providers and policy makers. This protocol describes a systematic review which will review literature from a wide range of study designs and sources to develop an overview of the determinants of regulatory compliance in health and social care services.

Methods: A wide range of study designs and grey literature will be sought for this review. Searches will be conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycInfo, SocINDEX and CINAHL databases. The studies included in the review will be subject to quality appraisal with reference to the collection of tools available from the Joanna Briggs Institute. Data extraction will be informed by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). A narrative synthesis will be conducted with reference to the CFIR and Normalisation Process Theory (NPT). GRADE-CERQual will be used to grade the overall body of evidence.

Conclusion: The findings of this review will be useful to regulators to inform regulatory policy and practice. Service providers and policy makers may also use the findings to inform quality improvement initiatives aimed at improving compliance and quality across a range of health and social care services.
IMAGENS MÍTICAS E FANTÁSTICAS EM “OS COMENSAIS”, DE MURILO RUBIÃO
Authors: Zaratin Daniele Aparecida Pereira , Faqueri Rodrigo De Freitas
Published: January 2021

Este estudo se propõe a analisar o conto “Os comensais” (1974), de Murilo Rubião, a partir de uma dupla perspectiva interpretativa complementar: por um lado, indicaremos e refletiremos sobre presença de referências e simbologias míticas no conto do autor mineiro e, por outro, analisaremos os procedimentos linguístico-temáticos que dialogam com a estética do fantástico e que colaboram para a plurissignificação da composição do espaço narrativo. Para tanto, utilizaremos o apoio teórico de estudos como os realizados por Eliade (1963), Graves (2008), Sardas (2014) e Magri (2018), referentes à esfera mítico-simbólica, e de Furtado (1980), Schwartz (1981), Ceserani (2006), Batalha (2007) e Frois (2009), no que tange ao universo do fantástico. Com isso, esperamos sublinhar a singularidade da escrita rubiana e sua indiscutível presença como autor fantástico, precursor dessa estética na literatura brasileira.
O LUGAR DE MURILO RUBIÃO NA LITERATURA BRASILEIRA: UM PONTO FORA DA CURVA?
Authors: Batalha Maria Cristina
Published: January 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir o lugar ocupado por Murilo Rubião e sua opção estética na historiografia e na crítica brasileiras, considerando os momentos de aceitação e/ou de incompreensão de sua poética inovadora, representativa daquilo que podemos definir como o “fantástico moderno”.
‘Los Argentinos Somos Derechos y Humanos’: A Política Externa da Ditadura Civil-Militar Argentina (1976-1983) Diante da Visita da Comissão Interamericana de Direitos Humanos l `Los Argentinos Somos Derechos Y Humanos’: Argentine Foreign Policy During The Civil-Military Dictatorship (1976-1983) Towards The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights’ On-Site Visit
Authors: Dauer Gabriel Roberto
Published: January 2021

As violações de direitos humanos na ditadura civil-militar argentina (1976-1983) foram tema de foros multilaterais, sendo um deles a Comissão Interamericana de Direitos Humanos (CIDH) da Organização dos Estados Americanos. Nesse contexto, este trabalho analisa como a ditadura respondeu às críticas aos direitos humanos, particularmente quando da visita in loco da CIDH na Argentina em 1979 até a publicação de seu informe em 1980. Utilizamos da Análise de Política Externa para compreender as tomadas de decisão da ditadura para receber a CIDH, os atores envolvidos e as consequências nacionais e internacionais desse evento. A visita transformou o campo de oportunidades de denúncia e visibilidade de opositores ao expor as atrocidades da ditadura. Contudo, as decisões do regime não foram lineares: os militares não eram os únicos interessados em defender seus interesses; grupos de direitos humanos, exilados e organizações internacionais disputaram esse campo, somadas desavenças internas na Junta Militar que dificultaram uma congruência diplomática.Palavras-chave: Argentina; Ditadura; Comissão Interamericana de Direitos Humanos.ABSTRACTHuman rights violations during the Argentine civil-military dictatorship (1976-1983) were a theme on multilateral forums, such as the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) of the Organization of American States (OAS). The article analyzes how the dictatorship reacted to criticisms regarding human rights violations in Argentina, especially during the IACHR's on-site visit in Argentina in 1979 until the publication of its report in 1980.  Theoretically, Foreign Policy Analysis concepts were articulated to understand the decision-making of the dictatorship to receive the IACHR, the actors involved, and the national and international consequences of the event. IACHR's visit transformed the field of human rights actors’ opportunities of complaints and the visibility of opponents by exposing the atrocities of the dictatorship, whose decisions were not linear: the military was not the only interested actor in defending its interests; human rights groups, exiles, and international organizations also disputed this narrative, while internal disputes in the Military Junta made Argentina's diplomatic congruence difficult.Keywords: Argentina; Dictatorship; Inter-American Commission on Human Rights. Recebido em: 19 Nov. 2020 | Aceito em: 01 Jan. 2021
Predicting intentions of physical activity in patients with coronary artery disease: attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control
Authors: Kanan Shadi , Shahrour Ghada , Broome Barbara , Bernert Donna , Alibrahim Muntaha , Hansen Dana
Published: January 2021

Background/Aims

Coronary artery disease is responsible for over 7 million deaths a year worldwide. In developing countries, such as Jordan, the incidence of coronary artery disease exceeds that of developed countries. One contributing factor to this disparity is decreased physical activity among the population, for reasons related to specific cultural and religious values. Using the theory of planned behaviour, the purpose of this study was to investigate the intentions of Jordanian patients with coronary artery disease regarding physical activity.

Methods

A total of 109 patients with coronary artery disease were recruited for this cross-sectional study from King Abdullah University Hospital in Jordan. A 15-item questionnaire based on the theory of planned behaviour was used to assess participants' attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control and intentions towards engagement in physical activity.

Results

Perceived behavioural control was found to have the strongest significant relationship with participants' intentions to engage in physical activity. Barriers to physical activity included lack of time, lack of support from family or friends, and feelings of exhaustion.

Conclusions:

Lifestyle interventions for patients with coronary artery disease should focus on fostering a sense of control over the environment to encourage patients to engage in physical activity.
Shock by capture: my first placement
Authors: Marsh Ellie
Published: January 2021

Ellie Marsh is completing her MSc in Adult Nursing at London South Bank University. In this first instalment of our new Student Column, she shares her experiences and lessons learned from her first time on placement.
ECG of the month
Authors: Bloe Charles
Published: January 2021

In this issue's ECG of the month, Charles Bloe highlights a case of a 36-year-old woman presenting with severe acute chest pain after previously being lost to follow up post ST-elevation myocardial infarction.
Evidence for non-medical management in MS: optimised management and patient participation
Authors: Peel Charlie
Published: January 2021

With a growing evidence base that lifestyle and behavioural changes form a meaningful part of optimal treatment for multiple sclerosis, what does this mean for how we practise medicine and support people to manage their MS? Charlie Peel investigates.
Use of a proforma to improve documentation of the post-take ward round and encourage initiation of the comprehensive geriatric assessment in the care of the older people's service
Authors: Xu Allan , Chan Li Yuan , Abedin Muhammad , Sivapathasuntharam Dhanupriya
Published: January 2021

Aims/Background

The post-take ward round is often the first time that a senior clinician reviews a patient on the acute medical take. Despite this, there is no official guidance regarding structure or documentation of the post-take ward round. The aim of this quality improve project was to develop a ward round proforma specifically tailored to the care of the older people's service to improve quality of documentation and to encourage initiation of the comprehensive geriatric assessment.

Methods

An initial audit was carried out assessing the documentation of key information and the initiation of the comprehensive geriatric assessment during the post-take ward round. A proforma was subsequently designed and implemented with the aims of improving the quality of documentation and increasing the number of patients for whom the comprehensive geriatric assessment was started. A repeat audit was conducted to assess the effectiveness of the proforma.

Results

The results demonstrated an improvement in documentation of all key information criteria and an increase in the initiation of the comprehensive geriatric assessment.

Conclusions

Use of a specifically tailored post-take ward round proforma improves the quality and consistency of documentation and encourages the initiation of the comprehensive geriatric assessment.
Variables predicting prognosis following nerve mobilisation in individuals with cervicobrachial pain
Authors: Sharma Tinu , Subbiah Kanthanathan , Aseer P Antony Leo
Published: January 2021

Background/Aims

The causes of cervicobrachial pain are highly variable and it is often difficult to predict patient response to multimodal treatments, such as neural mobilisation. Little research has focused on identifying subgroups of patients who may show improvement following neural mobilisation. This study aimed to identify the variables that may influence response to nerve mobilisation in individuals with cervicobrachial pain.

Methods

A quasi-experimental prospective single-arm study was conducted with 50 participants. Data were collected on various potentially prognostic variables from baseline questionnaires, medical history and physical examination. Participants received 10 days of pain modulation treatment and nerve mobilisation exercises. The Neck Disability Index, Numeric Pain Rating Scale and Upper Limb Tension Test were performed before and after treatment to determine the effect of nerve mobilisation. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, univariate correlation, multivariate stepwise logistic regression and non-parametric testing at α≤0.05.

Results

Four variables had a positive influence on treatment outcome: age <41 years, duration of symptoms ≤1 year, fasting blood glucose level ≤5.6 mmol/L (≤100 mg/dL) and systolic blood pressure ≤140 mmHg. On multiple linear regression, the presence of hypertension and diabetes were strongly associated with poor outcomes following nerve mobilisation.

Conclusions

Younger individuals with normal fasting blood glucose and systolic blood pressure who have had cervicobrachial pain for less than a year are more likely to benefit from pain modulation and neural mobilisation.
The value of a consultant physiotherapist within a primary care musculoskeletal interface service: part of the spinal multidisciplinary team
Authors: Angus Michelle L , Dickens Victoria , Yasin Naveed , Greenwood James , Siddique Irfan
Published: January 2021

Background/aims

The national low back pain pathway in the UK suggests practitioners managing patients with spinal pathology should be specifically trained to do so and have the ability to link with tertiary spinal services when required. The aim of this study was to ensure referrals through to a tertiary spinal surgical centre are appropriate and patients get the correct advice early in their management pathway.

Methods

A retrospective review of 700 cases were discussed at a spinal case-based discussion meeting in a primary care interface service, compared to services without this model. A convenience sample of cases were analysed with the consultant physiotherapist and those referred from other allied health professionals into the tertiary spinal surgical centre. Case-based team discussion took place before every referral into the tertiary spinal service, with spinal surgical discussion where required.

Results

Patients referred from other interface services were more likely to require further work-up such as investigations, or be discharged from clinic on their first attendance than those who had been through the case-based discussion.

Conclusions

A consultant physiotherapist working as part of the spinal team of a tertiary referral centre can help advanced practitioners with their clinical decision making to help prevent unnecessary referrals to spinal surgical services.
Therapeutic farriery of the hind feet for horses with hindlimb orthopaedic injuries
Authors: Clements Peter
Published: January 2021

Low heels and negative plantar angles in the hind feet are the most common hind foot conformational abnormality. A causal relationship has been demonstrated between these conditions and hindlimb lameness. It is important these abnormalities are recognised during thorough orthopaedic examinations, so they can be quantified with radiography and appropriately treated with therapeutic farriery to restore optimal hoof conformation, balance and function. This is an essential part of a holistic approach to treating horses with hindlimb lameness. Farriery intervention for these abnormalities involves returning the plantar half of the foot to a load-sharing plane between the frog and heels, restoring phalangeal alignment and providing increased ground surface plantar to the centre of rotation of the distal interphalangeal joint.
Coronavirus infection in hip fractures (CHIP) study
Authors: Mahmood Aatif , Rashid Fatima , Limb Richard , Cash Thomas , Nagy Mathias Thomas , Zreik Nasri , Reddy Gautam , Jaly Ibrahim , As-Sultany Mohammed , Chan Yuen Ting Carol , Wilson Graeme , Harrison W. J.
Published: January 2021

Aims

Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, incidence of hip fracture has not changed. Evidence has shown increased mortality rates associated with COVID-19 infection. However, little is known about the outcomes of COVID-19 negative patients in a pandemic environment. In addition, the impact of vitamin D levels on mortality in COVID-19 hip fracture patients has yet to be determined.

Methods

This multicentre observational study included 1,633 patients who sustained a hip fracture across nine hospital trusts in North West England. Data were collected for three months from March 2020 and for the same period in 2019. Patients were matched by Nottingham Hip Fracture Score (NHFS), hospital, and fracture type. We looked at the mortality outcomes of COVID-19 positive and COVID-19 negative patients sustaining a hip fracture. We also looked to see if vitamin D levels had an impact on mortality.

Results

The demographics of the 2019 and 2020 groups were similar, with a slight increase in proportion of male patients in the 2020 group. The 30-day mortality was 35.6% in COVID-19 positive patients and 7.8% in the COVID-19 negative patients. There was a potential association of decreasing vitamin D levels and increasing mortality rates for COVID-19 positive patients although our findings did not reach statistical significance.

Conclusion

In 2020 there was a significant increase in 30-day mortality rates of patients who were COVID-19 positive but not of patients who were COVID-19 negative. Low levels of vitamin D may be associated with high mortality rates in COVID-19 positive patients. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(4):782–787.
“For Such Purposes As”: Towards an Embedded and Embodied Understanding of Torture’s Purpose
Authors: Cakal Ergün
Published: January 2021

Purpose is a constitutive element of torture under article 1 of the UN Convention Against Torture (UNCAT). It is increasingly and widely accepted as being the determinative aggravating factor differentiating between tortureandforms of cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment or punishment (hereafter “CIDTP” or “ill-treatment”). Compared to the depth of discussion on other constitutive elements such asseverity of pain and sufferingandofficial capacity, the dimensions ofpurposehave remained relatively and unduly overlooked in scholarship on torture. As the significance of purpose asdifferentiatorbecomes increasingly established, there is a corresponding need to better understand its dimensions—particularly to question the rationale for having it mark an aggravation of state violence. This paper will draw and build upon the literature and jurisprudence pertaining to a functionality-oriented, teleological construction of torture, before situating the discussion in torture's broaderecologyin order to critically examine and expand understandings of its purpose,bottom-up, situationallyandinstitutionally.
Nickel-vanadium layered double hydroxide nanosheets as the saturable
absorber for a passively Q-switched 2  µm solid-state laser
Authors: Xu Jianyi , Cai Enlin , Zhang Shuaiyi , Fan Xiaoyan , Wang Mingjian , Lou Fei , Wang Maorong , Wang Xia , Xu Lin
Published: January 2021

Nickel-vanadium (NiV)-layered double hydroxide (LDH) was fabricated
into a novel saturable absorber (SA) by the liquid phase exfoliation
method and utilized as the laser modulator for the first time, to our
best knowledge. We investigated a passive

Q

-switched Tm:YAG ceramic laser at 2 µm
with the NiV-LDH SA. Under an absorbed pump power of 7.2 W, the
shortest pulse width of 398 ns was obtained with an average output
power of 263 mW and a pulse repetition frequency of 101.8 kHz,
corresponding to a single pulse energy at 2.30 µJ. The results
indicate that the NiV-LDH SA has great research potential in the field
of laser modulation.
Surface plasmon resonance sensor based on U-shaped photonic quasi-crystal fiber
Authors: Liu Qiang , Jiang Yu , Sun Yudan , Hu Chunjie , Sun Jiudi , Liu Chao , Lv Jingwei , Zhao Jin , Yi Zao , Chu Paul K.
Published: January 2021

A high-sensitivity surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor is designed and analyzed numerically. The sensor is constructed on the eightfold U-shaped photonic quasi-crystal fiber (PQF) and coated with indium tin oxide (ITO). The coupling between the core mode and surface plasmon polariton mode is enhanced due to shortening of the distance between the core and the ITO layer, so that the PQF-SPR sensor exhibits high refractive index (RI) sensitivity in the near-infrared region. The maximum wavelength sensitivity and the corresponding resolution of this sensor are 42,000 nm/RIU and

2.38

×

10

−
6

R
I
U

, respectively. The average wavelength sensitivity is 12,750 nm/RIU in the refractive index range of 1.306–1.386. This advanced sensor is suitable for the determination of RIs in the near-infrared region.