bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Partnership between Local Government and Corporations in Optimizing Public Services in Paser Regency
Authors: Muhsin Palinrungi  , Hamsu Abdul Gani and Rifdan
Published: May 2024

The Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program is the social responsibility of every company operating in the Paser Regency. However, not all companies carry out CSR programs. This qualitative research explores and fully describes the problems of regional government and company partnerships in implementing CSR programs. Primary data collection is carried out by in-depth interviews and observation. Secondary data collection techniques are data collection techniques carried out through the collection of library materials and other documentation. The research results show that (1) a CSR program partnership in the form of increasing community capacity, community development, and community service/social assistance has been implemented by PT. Kideco Jaya Agung with a relatively large budget allocation. Meanwhile, PT. Gunatama's prediction is more dominant in the form of social and religious assistance (charity) and small budget allocations; (2) Program synchronization is carried out between the Paser Regency Government and PT. Kideco Jaya Agung through the implementation of CSR Musrebang in the sub-district. Meanwhile PT. Gunatama Prediction does not carry out program planning mechanisms with the community before the CSR program is implemented. Distribution of responsibilities is carried out by dividing responsibilities in the CSR program between the Paser Regency Government and PT. Kideco Jaya Agung. Meanwhile, with PT. Gunatama's predictions have not been implemented optimally; (3) The strategic partnership model between the Regional Government and companies offered based on the theory of cross sector partnership and New Public Service is by synchronizing planning through the CSR Musrenbang followed by signing a written agreement. Implementation of CSR programs places greater emphasis on community empowerment. Monitoring, evaluation and reporting are carried out periodically. Furthermore, awards are given to companies that make positive contributions to CSR programs, and conversely, sanctions are given to companies that do not carry out CSR programs well.
A Contrastive Analysis of Plant Proverbs in English and Vietnamese
Authors: Tran Thi Thuy Loan  , Pham Thi Kim Tuoi  , Vu Hong Ngoc
Published: May 2024

This paper demonstrates how plant metaphors in Vietnamese and English proverbs reflect cultural values through an analysis. It contends that proverbs serve as a means of transmitting cultural knowledge. The essay demonstrates the influence of cultural context on metaphorical language by contrasting proverbs that convey similar meanings ("Every rose has its thorn" and "Hồng nào mà chả có gai"). Additionally, it examines proverbs that convey the same meaning but employ distinct metaphors, such as "Cơm tẻ là mẹ đẻ" versus "Corn is the staff of life." In conclusion, the essay recognizes culture-specific proverbs and asserts that comprehension of them promotes effective intercultural communication.
Role Of Youth Information Centers And Counseling In Minimizing Premature Wedding Events
Authors: Putri Hernisa Trisna , Yuliana Fitri , Mahdiyah Dede , TM M. Fajriannor
Published: May 2024

Latar Belakang: Pusat Informasi Konseling Remaja (PIK-R) adalah suatu wadah yang dikembangkan dalam program GenRe, yang dikelola dari, oleh dan untuk remaja guna memebrikan pelayanan informasi dan konseling kepada remaja salah satunya upaya pendewasaan usia perwakinan untuk meminimalkan kejadian dari pernikahan usia dini. Kejadian pernikahan usia 15-19 tahun pada tahun 2018 Barito Kuala menduduki peringkat tertinggi sedangkan pada tahun 2022 barito Kuala menduduki peringkat ke 12.Tujuan: Mengetahui peranan Pusat Informasi Konseling remaja (PIK R) dalam meminimalkan kejadian pernikahan usia dini di Barito Kuala.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif, informan dalam penelitian sebanyak lima orang informan utama dan empat orang informan triangulasi. Pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara mendalam dengan analisis isi.Hasil: Pernikahan usia dini yang terjadi di Barito Kuala masih sering terjadi dengan beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhinya yaitu pengetahuan, pergaulan, orang tua dan kebiasaan turun-temurun. Peran dari PIK R sendiri sudah cukup baik, namun SDM untuk PIK masih kurang, sehingga pelayanan yang diberikan masih sangat terbatas.Simpulan: Pusat Informasi Konseling Remaja di Barito Kuala berperan dalam meminimalkan kejadian pernikahan di usia dini.Saran: Diharapkan untuk meningkatkan promosi PIK R di kalangan remaja, agar peranan dari PIK R sendiri bisa terjalankan dengan baik Kata Kunci: pernikahan usia dini, Pusat Informasi Konseling Remaja (PIK R), remaja ABSTRACT Background: The youth counseling information center (PIK R) is a vessel developed in genre, run of, by, and for youth to provide information services and counseling to youth, one of which is an  effort to increase the age of the delegation to minimize incidents of premature marriage. The incidence of a 15-19 - year - old wedding in 2018 named Barito Kuala finished its high rating by 2022; Barito Kuala received its 12th.Objective: Knowing the role of the youth counseling information center (PIK R) in minimizing youth wedding events in Barito Kuala.Methods: Qualitative descriptive methods, Informant in research as many as five key informant and four persons informant triangulation. Data collection USES in-depth interviews with content analysis.Results: Early marriage that takes place in barito Kuala Lumpur is not uncommon with some factors affecting his knowledge, associations, parents, and past customs. Whereas the role of the PIK R itself was good enough, however, because human resources for PIK R were so small that service was still so limited.Conclusion: The role of the youth counseling information center in Barito Kuala plays in minimizing premature marriage events.Suggestion: It is hoped to enhance the PIK R promotion among teenagers, so that the role of PIK R properly carried out. Keywords: youth,  Youth Counseling Information Center (PIK R), Youth marriage,
The effectiveness of oxytocin massage on breast milk production: A literature review
Authors: Kharisma Muhsanatia  , Sulastri Sulastri
Published: May 2024

Background: Breast milk, produced by the mother's breast glands, acts as a natural and superior source of high-nutrient, high-energy nourishment for infants since birth. Inadequate milk production can lead to mothers not supplying sufficient nutrition to their babies. Oxytocin massage is a technique that can help boost breast milk production.
Purpose: To determine the effectiveness of oxytocin massage on breast milk production.
Method: This research utilized a literature review approach, employing a descriptive narrative analysis of various studies focused on enhancing breast milk production in lactating mothers. The researcher adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for the selection and assessment of research articles. Articles were sourced from databases such as ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar, covering publications from 2019 to 2023.
Results: Oxytocin massage positively impacts breast milk production. According to the findings from the reviewed articles, combining oxytocin massage with lavender aromatherapy, music listening, acupressure therapy, and date milk consumption can further boost breast milk production. These approaches notably enhance milk production and can be considered non-pharmacological options.
Conclusion: Oxytocin massage significantly influences breast milk production.
Pemerkasaan Institusi Masjid Sebagai Pusat Bantuan Ekonomi Lokal Di Malaysia
Authors: Abd Wakil Muhammad Najib , Ab Rahman Azman , Baharuddin Ahmad Syukran
Published: May 2024

Masjid merupakan institusi penting dan sinonim dengan kehidupan Muslim. Masjid mempunyai peranan yang mapan dalam pembinaan sosial, agama dan termasuklah melestarikan ekonomi umat Islam. Namun begitu, peranan masjid dalam menjaga kemaslahatan ekonomi umat Islam sering dipolemikkan dari sudut bentuk serta peranan bantuan-bantuan tersebut terhadap ekonomi umat Islam. Oleh itu, kajian ini akan mengkaji bentuk-bentuk bantuan ekonomi di sebahagian masjid di Malaysia. Kajian ini juga akan mengkaji impak-impak bantuan yang telah dikenal pasti serta kesannya kepada ekonomi umat Islam. Kajian ini adalah berbentuk kualitatif dengan menggunakan kaedah analisis dokumen di samping berlandaskan dapatan temu bual yang dijalankan bersama beberapa orang pihak berautoriti tempatan. Kajian ini mendapati bahawa institusi masjid di Malaysia ada mengaplikasikan beberapa mekanisme dalam membantu pertumbuhan ekonomi umat Islam seperti melalui zakat, wakaf dan pemberian-pemberian lain. Kajian ini dilihat mampu memberikan pencerahan kepada para pembaca, institusi masjid, institusi agama Islam negeri serta keseluruhan umat Islam akan kepentingan masjid dalam memacu dan membantu kebajikan ekonomi umat Islam di Malaysia. Kajian mencadangkan agar kuasa masjid diperluaskan dengan mengimplementasi model mini pengurusan zakat di masjid-masjid tempatan.
Strengthening Pancasila Values through Conventional Traditional Wisdom
Authors: Siregar Iskandarsyah
Published: May 2024

The long process of economic modernization and political democracy in Indonesia has changed the face of Indonesian society, making it more focused on the industrial sector but has still not succeeded in moving the people's economic sector effectively. However, the dynamics of democratic politics in Indonesia are still far from the ideal mandated by the Pancasila deliberative values. Recent political and economic changes, such as development policies that pay less attention to local wisdom and increasingly widespread political liberalization, have had a negative impact on Indonesia's cultural diversity and identity. This research aims to rebuild understanding of local knowledge and political values held by various ethnic groups and communities in Indonesia, with the hope of discovering potential social capital that can be used to improve democratic political practices. The focus of this research is divided into two main aspects: first, analysis of ethnic groups with an emphasis on the Wajo and Minang tribes, and second, a review of several communities living in city parks on the island of Java. The theoretical approach applied is consultative democracy theory, which focuses on the importance of deliberation in the political decision-making process. Within the framework of political anthropology, this research is considered a case study that aims to understand more deeply the dynamics of local politics, as well as the cultural values contained therein. The research method used is qualitative-interpretive, which allows researchers to explore hidden meanings and understandings in the views and experiences of research subjects. Thus, it is hoped that this research will make an important contribution in strengthening the cultural and social foundations for more inclusive and sustainable democratic political practices in Indonesia
Comparative analysis of essential oil efficacy against the Asian longhorned tick Haemaphysalis longicornis (Acari: Ixodidae)
Authors: Islam Mohammad Saiful , Haque Md. Samiul , You Myung-Jo
Published: May 2024

This study evaluated the potential repellent and acaricidal effects of 4 essential oils (clove, eucalyptus, lavender, and mint) against the Asian longhorned tick Haemaphysalis longicornis, a vector of various tick-borne diseases in medical and veterinary contexts. Selected for their potential repellent and acaricidal properties, the 4 essential oils were tested on adult and nymph H. longicornis ticks at different concentrations. The experiment assessed mortality rates and repellency, particularly during tick attachment to host skin. There was a significant increase (p<0.05) in tick mortality and repellency scores across all groups. At a 1% concentration, adult tick mortality ranged from 36% to 86%, while nymph mortality ranged from 6% to 97%. Clove oil exhibited notable efficacy, demonstrating high mortality rates of nymphs and adults. Clove oil also displayed strong repellency properties, with a repellency index of 0.05, surpassing those of mint, eucalyptus, and lavender oils. Clove oil showed the highest effectiveness in deterring nonattached adult ticks (90%) and nymphs (95%) when applied to skin. Clove oil was the most effective against adult and nymph ticks, achieving mortality rates of 86% and 97%, respectively, and led to the highest nonattachment rates when applied to skin. In conclusion, essential oils such as clove, eucalyptus, lavender, and mint oils present promising results for tick population control.
The anti-amoebic activity of Pinus densiflora leaf extract against the brain-eating amoeba Naegleria fowleri
Authors: Lê Hương Giang , Kim Woong , Kang Jung-Mi , Võ Tuấn Cường , Yoo Won Gi , Cheong Hyeonsook , Na Byoung-Kuk
Published: May 2024

Naegleria fowleri invades the brain and causes a fatal primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM). Despite its high mortality rate of approximately 97%, an effective therapeutic drug for PAM has not been developed. Approaches with miltefosine, amphotericin B, and other antimicrobials have been clinically attempted to treat PAM, but their therapeutic efficacy remains unclear. The development of an effective and safe therapeutic drug for PAM is urgently needed. In this study, we investigated the anti-amoebic activity of Pinus densiflora leaf extract (PLE) against N. fowleri. PLE induced significant morphological changes in N. fowleri trophozoites, resulting in the death of the amoeba. The IC50 of PLE on N. fowleri was 62.3±0.95 μg/ml. Alternatively, PLE did not significantly affect the viability of the rat glial cell line C6. Transcriptome analysis revealed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between PLE-treated and non-treated amoebae. A total of 5,846 DEGs were identified, of which 2,189 were upregulated, and 3,657 were downregulated in the PLE-treated amoebae. The DEGs were categorized into biological process (1,742 genes), cellular component (1,237 genes), and molecular function (846 genes) based on the gene ontology analysis, indicating that PLE may have dramatically altered the biological and cellular functions of the amoeba and contributed to their death. These results suggest that PLE has anti-N. fowleri activity and may be considered as a potential candidate for the development of therapeutic drugs for PAM. It may also be used as a supplement compound to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of drugs currently used to treat PAM.
A case of disseminated strongyloidiasis diagnosed by worms in the urinary sediment
Authors: Lee Young-Ha
Published: May 2024

Strongyloidiasis is a chronic infection caused by the intestinal nematode parasite Strongyloides stercoralis and is characterized by a diverse spectrum of nonspecific clinical manifestations. This report describe a case of disseminated strongyloidiasis with urination difficulty, generalized weakness, and chronic alcoholism diagnosed through the presence of worms in the urinary sediment. A 53-year-old man was hospitalized for severe abdominal distension and urinary difficulties that started 7–10 days prior. The patient also presented with generalized weakness that had persisted for 3 years, passed loose stools without diarrhea, and complained of dyspnea. In the emergency room, approximately 7 L of urine was collected, in which several free-living female adult and rhabditiform larvae of S. stercoralis, identified through their morphological characteristics and size measurements, were detected via microscopic examination. Rhabditiform larvae of S. stercoralis were also found in the patient’s stool. During hospitalization, the patient received treatment for strongyloidiasis, chronic alcoholism, peripheral neurosis, neurogenic bladder, and megaloblastic anemia, and was subsequently discharged with improved generalized conditions. Overall, this report presents a rare case of disseminated strongyloidiasis in which worms were detected in the urinary sediment of a patient with urination difficulties and generalized weakness combined with chronic alcoholism, neurogenic bladder, and megaloblastic anemia.
Prostaglandin synthase activity of sigma- and mu-class glutathione transferases in a parasitic trematode, Clonorchis sinensis
Authors: Kim Jiyoung , Sohn Woon-Mok , Bae Young-An
Published: May 2024

Sigma-class glutathione transferase (GST) proteins with dual GST and prostaglandin synthase (PGS) activities play a crucial role in the establishment of Clonorchis sinensis infection. Herein, we analyzed the structural and enzymatic properties of sigma-class GST (CsGST-σ) proteins to obtain insight into their antioxidant and immunomodulatory functions in comparison with mu-class GST (CsGST-μ) proteins. CsGST-σ proteins conserved characteristic structures, which had been described in mammalian hematopoietic prostaglandin D2 synthases. Recombinant forms of these CsGST-σ and CsGST-μ proteins expressed in Escherichia coli exhibited considerable degrees of GST and PGS activities with substantially different specific activities. All recombinant proteins displayed higher affinities toward prostaglandin H2 (PGS substrate; average Km of 30.7 and 3.0 μm for prostaglandin D2 [PGDS] and E2 synthase [PGES], respectively) than those toward CDNB (GST substrate; average Km of 1,205.1 μm). Furthermore, the catalytic efficiency (Kcat/Km) of the PGDS/PGES activity was higher than that of GST activity (average Kcat/Km of 3.1, 0.7, and 7.0×10-3 s-1μm-1 for PGDS, PGES, and GST, respectively). Our data strongly suggest that the C. sinensis sigma- and mu-class GST proteins are deeply involved in regulating host immune responses by generating PGD2 and PGE2 in addition to their roles in general detoxification.
Molecular cloning, identification, transcriptional analysis, and silencing of enolase on the life cycle of Haemaphysalis longicornis (Acari, Ixodidae) tick
Authors: Haque Md. Samiul , Rahman Md. Khalesur , Islam Mohammad Saiful , You Myung-Jo
Published: May 2024

Ticks, blood-sucking ectoparasites, spread diseases to humans and animals. Haemaphysalis longicornis is a significant vector for tick-borne diseases in medical and veterinary contexts. Identifying protective antigens in H. longicornis for an anti-tick vaccine is a key tick control strategy. Enolase, a multifunctional protein, significantly converts D-2-phosphoglycerate and phosphoenolpyruvate in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis in cell cytoplasm. This study cloned a complete open reading frame (ORF) of enolase from the H. longicornis tick and characterized its transcriptional and silencing effect. We amplified the full-length cDNA of the enolase gene using rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The complete cDNA, with an ORF of 1,297 nucleotides, encoded a 432-amino acid polypeptide. Enolase of the Jeju strain H. longicornis exhibited the highest sequence similarity with H. flava (98%), followed by Dermacentor silvarum (82%). The enolase motifs identified included N-terminal and C-terminal regions, magnesium binding sites, and several phosphorylation sites. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis indicated that enolase mRNA transcripts were expressed across all developmental stages of ticks and organs such as salivary gland and midgut. RT-PCR showed higher transcript levels in syn-ganglia, suggesting that synganglion nerves influence enolase,s role in tick salivary glands. We injected enolase double-stranded RNA into adult unfed female ticks, after which they were subsequently fed with normal unfed males until they spontaneously dropped off. RNA interference significantly (P<0.05) reduced feeding and reproduction, along with abnormalities in eggs (no embryos) and hatching. These findings suggest enolase is a promising target for future tick control strategies.
Virus-like particles expressing microneme-associated antigen of Plasmodium berghei confer better protection than those expressing apical membrane antigen 1
Authors: Kim Min-Ju , Chu Ki Back , Yoon Keon-Woong , Kang Hae-Ji , Lee Dong-Hun , Moon Eun-Kyung , Quan Fu-Shi
Published: May 2024

Malaria is a global disease affecting a large portion of the world’s population. Although vaccines have recently become available, their efficacies are suboptimal. We generated virus-like particles (VLPs) that expressed either apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA1) or microneme-associated antigen (MIC) of Plasmodium berghei and compared their efficacy in BALB/c mice. We found that immune sera acquired from AMA1 VLP- or MIC VLP-immunized mice specifically interacted with the antigen of choice and the whole P. berghei lysate antigen, indicating that the antibodies were highly parasite-specific. Both VLP vaccines significantly enhanced germinal center B cell frequencies in the inguinal lymph nodes of mice compared with the control, but only the mice that received MIC VLPs showed significantly enhanced CD4+ T cell responses in the blood following P. berghei challenge infection. AMA1 and MIC VLPs significantly suppressed TNF-α and interleukin-10 production but had a negligible effect on interferon-γ. Both VLPs prevented excessive parasitemia buildup in immunized mice, although parasite burden reduction induced by MIC VLPs was slightly more effective than that induced by AMA1. Both VLPs were equally effective at preventing body weight loss. Our findings demonstrated that the MIC VLP was an effective inducer of protection against murine experimental malaria and should be the focus of further development.
Modelo de gestión del clima organizacional como estrategia de mejora del desempeño laboral
Authors:   Pontífica Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Hernández Espinoza Alexis Leonel , Alarcón Quinapanta Mónica Del Rocío ,   Pontífica Universidad Católica del Ecuador
Published: May 2024

La identificación del estado del clima organizacional puede mostrar una serie de elementos que tratados de forma correcta contribuyen a mejorar el rendimiento laboral de los trabajadores. El objetivo del presente estudio fue diseñar un modelo de gestión del clima organizacional como estrategia de mejora del desempeño laboral en instituciones públicas del Ecuador. Para esto se realizó una investigación básica, no experimental y descriptiva. El universo estuvo constituido por 321 personas, 289 trabajadores y 32 administrativos; todos pertenecientes a la empresa de servicios públicos Petroecuador, sede Cuenca. Los principales resultados incluyen un promedio de edad de 47,51 años y un predominio de trabajadores con 4 o más años de trabajo (66,67%). Todos los ítems relacionados con el clima organizacional alcanzaron valoración predominante inadecuada. En cuanto al rendimiento laboral individual y colectivo la autopercepción predominante fue en ambos casos como buena (51,72% y 57,32%). Se identificaron las principales causas o condicionantes que influyen negativamente en el clima organizacional y en el rendimiento laboral. Estos permitieron diseñar un modelo de gestión del clima organizacional para la empresa pública Petroecuador, sede Cuenca. La implementación del modelo permitirá elevar el rendimiento laboral de los directivos y trabajadores.
Aplikasi Deteksi Pelanggaran Merokok di Tempat Larangan Merokok
Authors: Nurul Arifiah Gunarsih  , Slamet Wiyono  , Dwi Intan Af’idah
Published: May 2024

Merokok merupakan kebiasaan yang umum dilakukan di berbagai negara, termasuk Indonesia. Meskipun masyarakat sudah menyadari bahaya merokok, perilaku merokok tetap menjadi bagian dari budaya yang sulit diubah. Tembakau telah menyebabkan jutaan kematian, terutama di negara berkembang termasuk Indonesia. Penegakan larangan merokok di tempat umum menjadi semakin penting, namun masih menghadapi tantangan. Dalam penelitian ini, kami mengusulkan penggunaan teknologi kecerdasan buatan (Artificial intelligence) dengan algoritma YOLO (You Only Look Once) dalam pembuatan aplikasi deteksi larangan merokok. Aplikasi ini menggunakan jaringan saraf tunggal untuk mendeteksi perilaku merokok dan memberikan notifikasi kepada pengguna dan pihak berwenang. Metode penelitian meliputi studi literatur, pengumpulan data gambar dan anotasi, pengembangan aplikasi, dan pengujian performa. Diharapkan aplikasi ini dapat meningkatkan efektivitas penegakan larangan merokok di tempat umum, meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat tentang bahaya merokok, dan menciptakan lingkungan yang lebih sehat dan nyaman bagi semua orang. Penelitian ini bertujuan meningkatkan efektivitas penegakan larangan merokok di tempat umum melalui aplikasi deteksi larangan merokok berbasis kecerdasan buatan dengan algoritma (YOLO). Aplikasi ini tidak hanya menciptakan lingkungan sehat dan nyaman, tetapi juga meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat terhadap bahaya merokok. Dengan mengukur performa aplikasi, penelitian ini berkontribusi pada perubahan perilaku merokok dan memberikan solusi inovatif untuk tantangan merokok di Indonesia.
Aplikasi Pemantauan Distribusi Air Minum dalam Kemasan (AMDK) Berbasis Website (Studi Kasus: CV. Sentosa Abadi)
Authors: Jaya Tri Kusuma , Ripanti Eva Faja , Asrin Fauzan
Published: May 2024

Aplikasi pemantauan distribusi air minum dalam kemasan merupakan kegiatan yang melakukan proses pengelolaan data distribusi yang memiliki fungsi atau peran dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan seputar pencatatan, perhitungan, pembuatan laporan pendistribusian air minum dalam kemasan. Saat ini pendistribusian air minum dalam kemasan pada CV. Sentosa Abadi Sekadau kerap ditemukan adanya permasalahan, seperti belum adanya teknologi informasi pendukung untuk melakukan proses pencatatan, perhitungan serta penyimpanan data-data terkait pendistribusian, proses mengelola order, pencatatan produksi, pencatatan produk  yang masih dikerjakan secara konvensional sehingga kerap terjadinya salah perhitungan maupun kehilangan data. Hal ini berdampak dalam pengelolaan pendistribusian air minum dalam kemasan menjadi tidak efektif dan efisien. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan sebuah teknologi informasi yang mampu untuk mewujudkan proses pemantauan distribusi menjadi lebih akurat dan optimal. Sistem yang dirancang ini menggunakan metode SDLC dengan pendekatan model Prototype  dengan perancangan sistem menggunakan  pemodelan Unified Modelling Language (UML). Hasil pengujian Black Box Testing dan User Acceptance Test (UAT) yang dilakukan menunjukan hasil positif bahwa proses yang ditampilkan telah sesuai harapan dan aplikasi berjalan dengan baik pada saat diuji dengan pengujian Black Box Testing dan diperoleh nilai dari pengujian User Acceptance Test (UAT) dari hasil kuesioner menggunakan Google Form dengan perhitungan Skala Likert kepada pengguna dengan keseluruhan nilai persentase 92% dengan hasil pengujian tersebut dapat dikatakan sangat setuju. Total responden yang mengisi kuesioner pengujian User Acceptance Test (UAT) berjumlah 11 responden. Berdasarkan dari hasil pengujian yang telah dilakukan pada pengguna bahwa aplikasi yang dibangun layak untuk diterapkan.
Non-viral expression of chimeric antigen receptors with multiplex gene editing in primary T cells
Authors: Cappabianca Dan , Li Jingling , Zheng Yueting , Tran Cac , Kasparek Kassandra , Mendez Pedro , Thu Ricky , Maures Travis , Capitini Christian M. , Deans Robert , Saha Krishanu
Published: May 2024

Efficient engineering of T cells to express exogenous tumor-targeting receptors such as chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) or T-cell receptors (TCRs) is a key requirement of effective adoptive cell therapy for cancer. Genome editing technologies, such as CRISPR/Cas9, can further alter the functional characteristics of therapeutic T cells through the knockout of genes of interest while knocking in synthetic receptors that can recognize cancer cells. Performing multiple rounds of gene transfer with precise genome editing, termed multiplexing, remains a key challenge, especially for non-viral delivery platforms. Here, we demonstrate the efficient production of primary human T cells incorporating the knockout of three clinically relevant genes (B2M, TRAC, and PD1) along with the non-viral transfection of a CAR targeting disialoganglioside GD2. Multiplexed knockout results in high on-target deletion for all three genes, with low off-target editing and chromosome alterations. Incorporating non-viral delivery to knock in a GD2-CAR resulted in a TRAC-B2M-PD1-deficient GD2 CAR T-cell product with a central memory cell phenotype and high cytotoxicity against GD2-expressing neuroblastoma target cells. Multiplexed gene-editing with non-viral delivery by CRISPR/Cas9 is feasible and safe, with a high potential for rapid and efficient manufacturing of highly potent allogeneic CAR T-cell products.
Advancements in tissue engineering for cardiovascular health: a biomedical engineering perspective
Authors: Razavi Zahra-Sadat , Soltani Madjid , Mahmoudvand Golnaz , Farokhi Simin , Karimi-Rouzbahani Arian , Farasati-Far Bahareh , Tahmasebi-Ghorabi Samaneh , Pazoki-Toroudi Hamidreza , Afkhami Hamed
Published: May 2024

Myocardial infarction (MI) stands as a prominent contributor to global cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality rates. Acute MI (AMI) can result in the loss of a large number of cardiomyocytes (CMs), which the adult heart struggles to replenish due to its limited regenerative capacity. Consequently, this deficit in CMs often precipitates severe complications such as heart failure (HF), with whole heart transplantation remaining the sole definitive treatment option, albeit constrained by inherent limitations. In response to these challenges, the integration of bio-functional materials within cardiac tissue engineering has emerged as a groundbreaking approach with significant potential for cardiac tissue replacement. Bioengineering strategies entail fortifying or substituting biological tissues through the orchestrated interplay of cells, engineering methodologies, and innovative materials. Biomaterial scaffolds, crucial in this paradigm, provide the essential microenvironment conducive to the assembly of functional cardiac tissue by encapsulating contracting cells. Indeed, the field of cardiac tissue engineering has witnessed remarkable strides, largely owing to the application of biomaterial scaffolds. However, inherent complexities persist, necessitating further exploration and innovation. This review delves into the pivotal role of biomaterial scaffolds in cardiac tissue engineering, shedding light on their utilization, challenges encountered, and promising avenues for future advancement. By critically examining the current landscape, we aim to catalyze progress toward more effective solutions for cardiac tissue regeneration and ultimately, improved outcomes for patients grappling with cardiovascular ailments.
Salivary biomarkers as pioneering indicators for diagnosis and severity stratification of pediatric long COVID
Authors: Tyrkalska Sylwia D. , Pérez-Sanz Fernando , Franco-Martínez Lorena , Rubio Camila P. , Tvarijonaviciute Asta , Martínez-Subiela Silvia , Méndez-Hernández María , González-Aumatell Alba , Carreras-Abad Clara , Domènech-Marçal Èlia , Cerón José J. , Cayuela María L. , Mulero Victoriano , Candel Sergio
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Long COVID, or post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), manifests as persistent and often debilitating symptoms enduring well beyond the initial COVID-19 infection. This disease is especially worrying in children since it can seriously alter their development. Presently, a specific diagnostic test or definitive biomarker set for confirming long COVID is lacking, relying instead on the protracted presence of symptoms post-acute infection.

Methods

We measured the levels of 13 biomarkers in 105 saliva samples (49 from children with long COVID and 56 controls), and the Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyse the correlations between the levels of the different salivary biomarkers. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine which of the 13 analysed salivary biomarkers were useful to discriminate between children with long COVID and controls, as well as between children with mild and severe long COVID symptoms.

Results

Pediatric long COVID exhibited increased oxidant biomarkers and decreased antioxidant, immune response, and stress-related biomarkers. Correlation analyses unveiled distinct patterns between biomarkers in long COVID and controls. Notably, a multivariate logistic regression pinpointed TOS, ADA2, total proteins, and AOPP as pivotal variables, culminating in a remarkably accurate predictive model distinguishing long COVID from controls. Furthermore, total proteins and ADA1 were instrumental in discerning between mild and severe long COVID symptoms.

Discussion

This research sheds light on the potential clinical utility of salivary biomarkers in diagnosing and categorizing the severity of pediatric long COVID. It also lays the groundwork for future investigations aimed at unravelling the prognostic value of these biomarkers in predicting the trajectory of long COVID in affected individuals.
Weathering the storm: diagnosis and treatment of a life-threatening disseminated Nocardia otitidiscaviarum infection
Authors: Zhang Li-Yan , Wang Liang , Umar Zeeshan , Huang Yuan-Hong , Gu Bing
Published: May 2024

Nocardiosis demonstrates a temporal categorization that includes acute, subacute, and chronic stages alongside distinct typical localizations such as pulmonary, cutaneous, and disseminated forms. Disseminated nocardiosis, commonly caused by Nocardia asteroides, N. brasiliensis, and N. farcinica, continues to result in substantial morbidity and mortality. Herein, we report a life-threatening disseminated nocardiosis caused by Nocardia otitidiscaviarum in a patient with minimal change disease. This study emphasizes the difficulty in the diagnosis and treatment of unknown infections in clinical settings and highlights the important role played by laboratories in solving infectious diseases caused by rare pathogens.
Harnessing the power of artificial intelligence in predicting all-cause mortality in transcatheter aortic valve replacement: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sazzad Faizus , Ler Ashlynn Ai Li , Furqan Mohammad Shaheryar , Tan Linus Kai Zhe , Leo Hwa Liang , Kuntjoro Ivandito , Tay Edgar , Kofidis Theo
Published: May 2024

Objectives

In recent years, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) models to generate individualised risk assessments and predict patient outcomes post-Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI) has been a topic of increasing relevance in literature. This study aims to evaluate the predictive accuracy of AI algorithms in forecasting post-TAVI mortality as compared to traditional risk scores.

Methods

Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) standard, a systematic review was carried out. We searched four databases in total—PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Cochrane—from 19 June 2023–24 June, 2023.

Results

From 2,239 identified records, 1,504 duplicates were removed, 735 manuscripts were screened, and 10 studies were included in our review. Our pooled analysis of 5 studies and 9,398 patients revealed a significantly higher mean area under curve (AUC) associated with AI mortality predictions than traditional score predictions (MD: −0.16, CI: −0.22 to −0.10, p < 0.00001). Subgroup analyses of 30-day mortality (MD: −0.08, CI: −0.13 to −0.03, p = 0.001) and 1-year mortality (MD: −0.18, CI: −0.27 to −0.10, p < 0.0001) also showed significantly higher mean AUC with AI predictions than traditional score predictions. Pooled mean AUC of all 10 studies and 22,933 patients was 0.79 [0.73, 0.85].

Conclusion

AI models have a higher predictive accuracy as compared to traditional risk scores in predicting post-TAVI mortality. Overall, this review demonstrates the potential of AI in achieving personalised risk assessment in TAVI patients.

Registration and protocol

This systematic review and meta-analysis was registered under the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO), under the registration name “All-Cause Mortality in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Assessed by Artificial Intelligence” and registration number CRD42023437705. A review protocol was not prepared. There were no amendments to the information provided at registration.

Systematic Review Registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/, PROSPERO (CRD42023437705).
Effects of renin-angiotensin system inhibitor and beta-blocker use on mortality in older patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction in Japan
Authors: Kawada Kei , Ishida Tomoaki , Fukuda Hitoshi , Hyohdoh Yuki , Kubo Toru , Hamada Tomoyuki , Baba Yuichi , Hayashi Toshinobu , Aizawa Fuka , Yagi Kenta , Izawa-Ishizawa Yuki , Niimura Takahiro , Abe Shinji , Goda Mitsuhiro , Kitaoka Hiroaki , Ishizawa Keisuke
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Guideline-directed medical therapy with renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors and beta-blockers has improved the survival of patients with heart failure (HF) and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (HFrEF). However, it is unclear whether RAS inhibitors and beta-blockers can be administered to older patients with HF. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of beta-blockers and RAS inhibitors on the prognosis of older patients with HFrEF.

Methods

Demographic, clinical, and pharmacological data from 1,061 patients with acute decompensated HF, enrolled in the Kochi Registry of Subjects with Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (Kochi YOSACOI study), were analyzed to assess their impact on mortality. Additionally, a machine learning approach was applied to complement the conventional statistical model for analysis. Patients with HFrEF (n = 314) were divided into the all-cause mortality within 2 years group (n = 80) and the survivor group (n = 234).

Results

Overall, 41.1% (129/314) of the patients were aged ≥80, and 25.5% (80/314) experienced all-cause mortality within 2 years. Furthermore, 57.6% (181/314) and 79.0% (248/314) were prescribed RAS inhibitors and beta-blockers, respectively. Our analysis showed that RAS inhibitor use was associated with reduced all-cause mortality and cardiac death in patients with HFrEF of all ages (P < 0.001), and beta-blocker use had an interaction with age. Machine learning revealed that the use of beta-blockers altered the risk of mortality, with a threshold of approximately 80 years of age. Beta-blocker use was associated with lower all-cause mortality and cardiac death in patients with HFrEF aged <80 years (P < 0.001) but not in those aged ≥80 years (P = 0.319 and P = 0.246, respectively). These results suggest that beta blockers may differ in their all-cause mortality benefits according to age.

Conclusions

RAS inhibitors prevented all-cause mortality and cardiac death at all ages, whereas beta-blockers had different effects depending on the patient's age. This study suggested that the choice of beta-blockers and RAS inhibitors is more important in older patients with HFrEF than in younger patients with the same condition.
The role of the kynurenine pathway in cardiovascular disease
Authors: Yang Yuehang , Liu Xing , Liu Xinyi , Xie Chiyang , Shi Jiawei
Published: May 2024

The kynurenine pathway (KP) serves as the primary route for tryptophan metabolism in most mammalian organisms, with its downstream metabolites actively involved in various physiological and pathological processes. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) serve as the initial and pivotal enzymes of the KP, with IDO playing important and intricate roles in cardiovascular diseases. Multiple metabolites of KP have been observed to exhibit elevated concentrations in plasma across various cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and acute myocardial infarction. Multiple studies have indicated that kynurenine (KYN) may serve as a potential biomarker for several adverse cardiovascular events. Furthermore, Kynurenine and its downstream metabolites have complex roles in inflammation, exhibiting both inhibitory and stimulatory effects on inflammatory responses under different conditions. In atherosclerosis, upregulation of IDO stimulates KYN production, mediating aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-induced exacerbation of vascular inflammation and promotion of foam cell formation. Conversely, in arterial calcification, this mediation alleviates osteogenic differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells. Additionally, in cardiac remodeling, KYN-mediated AhR activation exacerbates pathological left ventricular hypertrophy and fibrosis. Interventions targeting components of the KP, such as IDO inhibitors, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, and anthranilic acid, demonstrate cardiovascular protective effects. This review outlines the mechanistic roles of KP in coronary atherosclerosis, arterial calcification, and myocardial diseases, highlighting the potential diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic value of KP in cardiovascular diseases, thus providing novel insights for the development and application of related drugs in future research.
Spontaneous coronary artery dissection and fibromuscular dysplasia: insights into recent developments
Authors: Eltabbakh Ayah , Khudair Ahmed , Khudair Aiman , Fredericks Salim
Published: May 2024

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD), an uncommon cause of acute coronary syndrome, continues to be a poorly understood disease predominantly affecting females. It is characterized by an abrupt separation in the coronary arterial wall due to intramural bleeding. Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is a non-atherosclerotic arteriopathy manifesting in medium and small-sized arteries. It is a concomitant disease found among SCAD patients. In some studies, FMD prevalence in SCAD patients ranges between 25%–86%, which can be explained through varying screening techniques or modalities. The potential association has been elucidated in some studies; notably, not only has a genetic link been recently delineated between SCAD and FMD, but there is data to suggest that FMD not only can predispose to SCAD but can also be a potential predictor of its recurrence. However, a clear-cut correlation between the two has still not been established due to conflicting reports in the literature. To further dive into its pathology, it is crucial to highlight the importance of systematic screening in SCAD in order to identify associated risk factors and to be used as a method of FMD detection in such patients. Together, the two pathologies pose unique challenges in understanding its pathophysiology, diagnosis and management, as there is no clear evidence of a definitive treatment plan for patients with SCAD and FMD. A potentially beneficial modality of management is physical exercise, which is currently understudied in the long-term approach to treatment for patients with concomitant SCAD and FMD. Limited research in this field brings disadvantages to the understanding of the association between these two diseases, in order to give rise to better management recommendations. This mini-review aims to highlight the recent developments in the association between SCAD and FMD, its potential genetic association and some insights in screening, diagnosis, and management.
A study on the mechanism and control technology of strong mine pressure in parallel coal pillar and hard roof mining
Authors: Zhou Haifeng , Huang Qingxiang , He Yanpeng , Wang Qingxiong , Wei Yehao
Published: May 2024

In multi-seam mining, as mining ranges expand and depths increase, the strong ground pressure exerted on the lower coal-seam working faces (WFs) or roadways by coal pillars (CPs) and the hard roof between the interburdens becomes increasingly severe, leading to periodic roof-fall accidents. This study focused on the 42108 WF of the 4–2 coal seam in the Buertai Coal Mine of Shandong mining. It combined field tests, theoretical research, and numerical calculations to investigate the superposition or amplification of ground pressure as WF traversed the CP with the hard roof between interburdens. The ground pressure behavior of WF entering and exiting the CP stage progressed from strong to weak: exiting the CP > under the CP > entering the CP, with the CP stage being prone to a strong ground pressure occurrence. We proposed the influence mechanism of strong ground pressure and a seesaw structural mechanics model under the mining conditions with parallel CPs and hard roofs. The relationship between the geometric structure movement and stress evolution of the seesaw space of the overlying hard roof was analyzed, revealing the mechanism behind stress increase, evident damage, and the likelihood of dynamic disasters within 5–10 m from the CP boundary of the WF. The stress concentration factor (SCF) of the advance abutment pressure in the coal wall was the primary controlling factor determining seesaw instability, effectively ensuring safe and efficient mining practices. This research holds significant theoretical importance and practical engineering value for controlling strong mine pressure under the overlying CPs and hard roofs.
Smoothelin-like protein 1 promotes insulin sensitivity and modulates the contractile properties of endometrial epithelial cells with insulin resistance
Authors: Keller Ilka , Ungvári Ádám , Kinter Richárd , Szalmás Fanni , Kókai Endre , Lontay Beáta
Published: May 2024

Introduction

The incidence of infertility is significantly higher in women with diseases linked to impaired glucose homeostasis, such as insulin resistance. Defective glucose metabolism interferes with fertilization; however, the molecular mechanism underlying this interference is unclear. Smoothelin-like protein 1 (SMTNL1) was isolated from muscle and steroid hormone-responsive tissues and regulates the contractile functions of various cell types through the inhibition of myosin phosphatase (MP) holoenzyme. In addition, SMTNL-1 after phosphorylation at Ser301 by protein kinase A translocates to the nucleus and functions as a transcriptional co-activator of the progesterone receptor-B. SMTNL1 null mice exhibit reduced reproductive fitness and are more prone to type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, the role of SMTNL1 in endometrial epithelial cells is not known.

Methods

The effect of SMTNL1 overexpression was investigated in pregnancy and in gestational diabetic endometrial epithelial cell models by immunofluorescent staining, cell migration, and semi quantitative Western blot analysis and glucose uptake assay.

Results

We show that SMTNL1 promotes the differentiation of endometrial epithelial cells in a progesterone-dependent manner to attenuate insulin resistance. Furthermore, SMTNL1 hampers the migration capacity of epithelial cells in a gestational diabetes model by inhibiting the expression of MYPT1, the regulatory subunit of MP, and the activity of the holoenzyme, resulting in increased phosphorylation of the 20 kDa regulatory myosin light chain. SMTNL1 also acts as an insulin-sensitizing agent by increasing the gene expression of PP2A and DUPS9 protein phosphatases, resulting in decreased ERK1/2 activity and, hence, decreasing the phosphorylation of IRS-1 at Ser612 under gestational diabetes conditions.

Conclusion

SMTNL1 may have therapeutic relevance to the progesterone-dependent inhibition of endometrial epithelial cell migration under hyperglycemic conditions and insulin sensitivity in the endometrium in gestational diabetes or other metabolic disorders.