bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VocabProfile
Authors: Silva Eduardo Batista
Published: September 2022

Tanto o aporte da linguística computacional como as contribuições da linguística de corpus colaboram para tornar o ensino-aprendizagem de língua inglesa mais profícuo. O objetivo geral deste trabalho é apresentar o Vocabprofile (VP), versão 3, um programa para análise lingüística que divide o texto em várias faixas de freqüência lexical. A fim de exemplificar o funcionamento do software, utilizamos inicialmente um trecho da obra literária escrita em língua inglesa e de domínio público: The Picture of Dorian Gray. Na página de resultados, o texto é recortado em partes que são indicadas em quatro categorias: 1) K1 words: as primeiras 1000 palavras mais freqüentes da língua inglesa, as palavras fundamentais, 2) K2 words: as próximas 1000 palavras mais freqüentes da língua inglesa, 3) AWL: As palavras utilizadas em textos científicos de diversas áreas de especialidades e 4) OFF-list: As palavras “difíceis” que não se encontram em nenhuma das outras três listas anteriormente mencionadas. Com relação ao trecho selecionado para estudo, os cálculos estatísticos do VP apontam o seguinte perfil lexical: K1= 85,50%, K2= 6,11%, AWL= 0,76% e OFF= 7,63%. Efetuamos também uma comparação entre dois corpora de gêneros distintos sob os auspícios do VP.
Discutindo nomes e abordagens didáticas
Authors: Vicente Renata Barbosa , Defendi Cristina Lopomo , Rauber André Luiz , Santos Elaine Cristina Silva , Sartin Elisangela Baptista de Godoy , Spaziani Lídia , Oliveira Anna Karolina Miranda , Ribeiro Marcello , Kuhlmann Mariana Corallo M. de A. , BI Mengyin , Ciocchi Karina Viana , Lima-Hernandes Maria Célia
Published: September 2022

Este artigo aborda as concepções veiculadas nos livros didáticos – LDs – em comparação com os conceitos das gramáticas tradicionais. Analisa-se como é construída a orientação didática e a forma de apresentação de seus exercícios que supostamente devem contribuir para a aprendizagem do aluno. Ainda verifica-se a pertinência de se falar em uma abordagem da língua em uso com o recurso a exemplos de língua falada culta do século XXI.
Estudos sobre Voçorocas: uma avaliação da produção científica brasileira (2009/2019)
Authors: Pereira Juliana Sousa , Rodrigues Silvio Carlos
Published: September 2022

A Bibliometria possibilita a observação do estado da ciência por meio dos registros acadêmicos. Configura-se em uma investigação fundamental direcionada para os estudos analíticos da produtividade em determinada área do conhecimento. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo caracterizar o panorama da produção científica em erosão dos solos por voçorocas a partir dos resumos de teses e dissertações publicadas por pesquisadores no Brasil, com o intuito de identificar os atores institucionais e contribuir para a construção de um banco de dados sólido capaz de oferecer subsídios para investigações futuras. Foram analisados junto ao Banco de Teses da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) 127 trabalhos publicados no período de 2009 a 2019. O software IRAMUTEQ foi empregado como ferramenta de análise textual, configurando-se um importante recurso no estudo bibliométrico. Os resultados apontam os anos de 2016 a 2018 os de maiores quantidades de defesas de teses e dissertações. Foi observado o predomínio da escala local sobre as demais em todas as pesquisas. Os programas de pós-graduação da ciência geográfica são responsáveis pela maior produção acadêmica, correspondendo a 47,2 % de todas as publicações no recorte temporal adotado. A região Sudeste apresenta a maior quantidade de universidades e, por conseguinte, o maior número de orientadores dos trabalhos voltados para a temática supracitada. É importante ressaltar, nesse contexto, a participação das instituições no papel da evolução da ciência, alicerçado pela multiplicidade dos trabalhos produzidos.
Presupozycje i modele partycypacyjnej debaty bioetycznej
Authors: Kaniowski Andrzej
Published: September 2022

Partycypacyjna debata bioetyczna jest pewną postacią partycypacji obywatelskiej i pewną postacią dyskursu. W artykule przedstawione są niektóre paradygmatyczne przykłady debat partycypacyjnych, w tym także debat bioetycznych. Następnie omówione też są różne ujęcia i sposoby rozumienia debaty, a także dyskusji, dialogu i szczególnie ważnej w tym kontekście formy komunikowania się i formy interakcji, jaką jest dyskurs. Spośród licznych już przykładów bioetycznych debat partycypacyjnych, jakie na przestrzeni ponad trzech dekad przeprowadzone zostały w wielu krajach świata zachodniego, nieco bliżej jest przedstawiony interesujący przykład edukacji przygotowującej – właśnie przez debatę – do uczestniczenia w bioetycznej debacie partycypacyjnej. Projekt przygotowany w formule diskurslernen zasługuje z tego względu na uwagę, że jest projektem przygotowującym do uczestniczenia zarówno w obywatelskich debatach partycypacyjnych, jak i w ogóle do uczestniczenia procedurach demokratycznego kształtowania opinii i wykształcania woli. Mimo pewnych obaw co do tego, czy debaty partycypacyjne nie służą czasem też innym celom aniżeli cele deklarowane, ich organizowanie i upowszechnianie jest czymś niezbędnym zarówno z punktu widzenia samej dyscypliny, jaką jest bioetyka, jak i przede wszystkim z uwagi na tę formę demokracji, do jakiej w swoim rozwoju doszła ona we współczesnych społeczeństwach świata zachodniego.
Antiviral effect of 18-mer-peptide (1b-4/21-C12) on Japanese encephalitis virus and Akabane virus
Authors: Yang Dong-Kun , Park Yu-Ri , Kwon Young Do , Kim Ha-Hyun , Hyun Bang-Hun
Published: September 2022

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) and Akabane virus (AKAV) are mosquito-borne viruses that cause encephalitis and reproductive disorders in horses and cattle, respectively. There is no treatment for JEV or AKAV infections in animals. Therefore, we evaluated the antiviral activity of 18-mer amphipathic peptides in the 1b-4/21-C series on JEV and AKAV using Vero cells in vitro and evaluated their effects on JEV in mice. Of 6 peptides, 1b-4/21-C12 had the lowest IC50 of 0.313 against JEV and its use as an antiviral against JEV and AKAV was examined. The IC50 of 1b-4/21-C12 against JEV and AKAV was 0.78 and 1.14 μM, respectively. Mice treated with 5 or 2 mg/kg of 1b-4/21-C12 had 32% and 16% survival rates, respectively, and the surviving mice treated with 1b-4/21-C12 began to gain weight beginning 8 days post challenge with the virulent Nakayama strain. Moreover, 20 μM 1b-4/21-C peptide had no cytotoxic effects on Vero cells. Our in vitro and vivo results indicate that 1b-4/21-C12 has antiviral activity against enveloped JEV and AKAV and might be useful as a therapeutic substance.
Undergraduate Student Perceptions of Industry Guest Speakers in the College Classroom
Authors: Jablon-Roberts Sara , McCracken Arienne
Published: September 2022

The use of guest speakers in college classes is a well-accepted pedagogical practice, but the academic literature has generally been based on instructor or event organizers’ anecdotal reflections about particular experiences. Moreover, research based upon students’ considerations of this practice have been especially sparse. The purpose of this study is to explore student perceptions of guest speakers to determine what value students find in them. One-hundred fourteen students participated in a qualitative survey, answering questions about their prior experiences with and expectations of industry guest speakers. The results showed that 86.1% of respondents who had previously been enrolled in a college class that featured an industry guest speaker visit liked the experience, especially if the guest currently worked in a field related to course content,  spoke enthusiastically and honestly, and answered questions. In particular, participants appreciated hearing insider information about the speaker’s day-to-day work life, as well as advice for their own career path. Recommendations are provided to university educators as guidance for improving student experiences and engagement with guest speakers, especially those from the fashion industry.
Reconsidering partnerships in education in emergencies
Authors: Menashy Francine , Zakharia Zeena
Published: September 2022

International actors increasingly advocate for partnerships in education in emergencies (EiE) to address the dire educational opportunities of school-aged children in sites of disaster, armed conflict, forced migration, and other humanitarian crises. This study explores the nature of partnerships in EiE. We examine the impetus behind an expansion of partnerships among diverse global actors and key characteristics, relationships, and dynamics within these partnerships. Using data collected from key informant interviews and documents from organizations involved in the Syria refugee education response (2018-2021), we detail two emerging characteristics of partnerships in EiE: (1) market-based principles in rhetoric and practice; and (2) a rise in private sector participation. While partnerships aim to improve coordination between agencies, our study uncovers the counterintuitive finding that competition characterizes the EiE partnership space more often than coordination. Furthermore, despite the education and humanitarian community’s promotion of a “localization agenda”—prioritizing full participation of affected local communities as partners in education policy and implementation—our research points to a maintained hierarchy where international actors hold most influence in EiE. We discuss the practical implications of this power asymmetry within the broader context of marketized humanitarianism, and raise concerns regarding equity within unchecked partnerships.
Justicia convencional: Cumplimiento de sentencias de la CIDH, Mandatos y perspectivas 2008-2020
Authors: Pardo Martínez Orlando
Published: September 2022

La Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos (CIDH), como órgano encargado de impartir justicia frente a los casos suscitados por vulneración de derechos de los Estados parte, emite sentencias en las que los declara responsables de haber violado garantías consagradas en la Convención o en otros instrumentos de protección, y determina la forma como debe reparar a la víctima.1 Dichas sentencias tienen como fin resarcir los perjuicios que han sido acusados. Para ello, la Corte hace un seguimiento al cumplimiento del fallo emitido. Después de un período estudia el progreso y, en caso de incumplimiento, determina un nuevo plazo. Este trabajo aborda el estudio de cumplimiento de las órdenes impartidas en las sentencias de la CIDH, mediante el análisis de los tipos de mandatos, los plazos y los términos de ejecución, así como los índices de cumplimiento, con miras a presentar un balance general.
The role of international organizations in the protection of human right in Ukraine
Authors: Voitsikhovskyi Andrii , Bakumov Oleksandr , Ustymenko Olena , Lohvynenko Yevheniia
Published: September 2022

State recognition of human rights and freedoms by enshrining them in the constitution and other legislative acts is the first and most urgent step towards their establishment and implementation. However, the role of the state should not be limited to this sole aspect. The state should make every effort to guarantee, protect, and defend both human and citizen rights and freedoms, which determines its main direction of humanization and humanitarian characteristics. Various international organizations, which constitute an international legal mechanism to protect human rights, play a significant role in the observance and protection of these rights and freedoms in Ukraine. The activity of these international organizations is primarily aimed at reforming the national system in this regard, rulemaking, and ensuring accountability, the rule of law, and dialogue between government and society. Consequently, these international organizations can be considered an additional guarantee for the observance and protection of human and civil rights and freedoms. This research aims to review the role and influence of international organizations such as the United Nations, the Council of Europe, the European Union, and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe in the formation of the national mechanism to protect human rights and freedoms in Ukraine. For this purpose, international legal documents adopted within these organizations were analyzed to determine their specific features, role, and implementation in the country.
Lo que ellas quieren: Suspensión de juicio a prueba y violencia contra la mujer
Authors: Laise Luciano Damian
Published: September 2022

En este trabajo sostendré que un rechazo categórico a la suspensión del juicio a prueba por delitos menores resulta inaceptable en el contexto de la violencia doméstica contra la mujer. Me concentraré en el supuesto de que la víctima consiente libre y autónomamente que el acusado se someta a todo lo que implica una suspensión del juicio a prueba por delitos menores. Con el fin de argumentar esta tesis, caracterizaré los requisitos para la suspensión de juicio a prueba, junto con los pasos para corroborar un consentimiento libre y autónomo de la víctima de violencia doméstica. De esta manera pondré de relieve una paradoja: con el supuesto propósito de proteger y “empoderar” a la mujer vulnerable ante situaciones de violencia, ella termina siendo considerada como una incapaz de hecho. La presente investigación se dirige a proponer una vía para superar tal paradoja. El objetivo es concretar la represión de delitos contra la mujer, su protección integral y, a la vez, la consideración de ella como sujetos de derecho capaces de tomar decisiones libres y autónomas.
El fenómeno del acaparamiento global de tierras. Análisis desde la optica de su impacto en los derechos humanos.
Authors: Del Valle Calzada Estrella
Published: September 2022

La globalización ha traído consigo la aparición de acuciantes desafíos para los derechos humanos, necesitados de respuestas internacionales eficaces para su salvaguarda y protección. Los nuevos actores se han erigido como propietarios del proceso y anteponen intereses empresariales y especulativos al propio bienestar de los individuos. Entre los numerosos retos encontramos el acaparamiento de tierras (land grabbing). El objeto de la presente contribución será ofrecer una visión holística de las prácticas asociadas a este fenómeno, con especial atención a sus implicaciones, desde la óptica del derecho internacional de los derechos humanos. Está dividida en cuatro apartados: la globalización y su impacto en el sector rural; el acaparamiento de tierras; algunas de las más graves vulneraciones de derechos humanos que acompañan a esta actividad, ubicada en el Sur Global y, por último, se estudia en qué sentido estas vulneraciones demandan la atención del derecho internacional y qué respuestas normativas surgen de los organismos internacionales
“Igualdad de género“ O “Equidad de género“ Como derecho humano: Un análisis del camino de Colombia frente a los retos de la agenda 2030*
Authors: Picarella Lucia , Guadarrama González Pablo
Published: September 2022

La lucha por la equidad o la igualdad de género ha adquirido mayor relevancia en las últimas décadas en América Latina y en particular en Colombia. Sin embargo, cuenta con antecedentes significativos desde la época colonial. Sus mayores expresiones se pusieron de manifiesto durante el proceso independentista, pero luego fueron incrementándose con la mayor consolidación de la vida republicana, en la medida en que otras contradicciones sociales e ideológicas se intensificaban. En tanto ha aumentado el protagonismo de las mujeres en la vida socioeconómica, política y cultural en esta región, se ha tomado mayor conciencia de que la igualdad de género —dadas las naturales diferencias no solo biológicas, sino también de las funciones societales entre hombres y mujeres— constituye una utopía abstracta. Sin embargo, las luchas por la equidad de género expresan un derecho humano algo más realizable, aunque no menos utópico, pero sin duda concreto.
La protección reforzada del consumidor en contratos de consumo
Authors: González Sinisterra Saray Viviana
Published: September 2022

Uno de los requisitos tradicionales en materia de cláusulas abusivas es la ausencia de negociación individual de la cláusula lesiva. Sin embargo, la legislación argentina extendió la protección a aquellas cláusulas que han sido negociadas individualmente por las partes en materia de consumo. La finalidad del presente artículo de investigación es establecer si en Colombia es posible emplear la teoría de las cláusulas abusivas para cláusulas negociadas individualmente en contratos de consumo; para ello, se expondrán las características de la teoría de las cláusulas abusivas en Colombia y Argentina y se revisarán algunos principios como la doctrina de los actos propios, el pacta sunt servanda y la presunción de mala fe, a la luz de la jurisprudencia de las altas cortes. La metodología consiste en un análisis cualitativo de derecho comparado de las normas en materia de consumo en Colombia y Argentina, el estudio de las posturas de los doctrinantes de ambos países y el examen de la jurisprudencia de los tribunales de cierre colombianos. De acuerdo con el estudio, se favorece la postura que sostiene que en Colombia no se debería permitir que la teoría de las cláusulas abusivas sea empleada para cláusulas negociadas individualmente, puesto que el consumidor no es un incapaz, hay que garantizar la seguridad jurídica de los contratos y se deben respetar el principio de pacta sunt servanda y la teoría de los actos propios.
Crimen organizado y derechos humanos en Colombia: Enfoques en el marco de la implementación del acuerdo de paz con las Farc-Ep*
Authors: Fernández Osorio Andrés Eduardo , Lizarazo-Ospina Yerlin Ximena
Published: September 2022

Este artículo analiza la evolución de la política pública colombiana para mitigar el crimen organizado y proteger los derechos humanos en el marco de la implementación del acuerdo de paz con las FARC-EP. Mediante un análisis cuantitativo de nueve variables presentes en 34 acuerdos de paz, se caracteriza el avance de las decisiones gubernamentales en la búsqueda de la reconciliación nacional. Como resultado se estableció la evolución favorable de cuatro indicadores en la implementación del acuerdo de paz: la tierra dedicada a la agricultura, el gasto en educación, el producto interno bruto per cápita y la fortaleza de la democracia. Asimismo, se determinó que el desempleo, la mortalidad y los homicidios son algunos indicadores desfavorables que demuestran la necesidad de diseñar estrategias más dinámicas que permitan robustecer la administración de justicia y la protección de los derechos fundamentales en todo el territorio nacional.
One case of iodine-125 therapy – A new minimally invasive treatment of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Chen Xinju , Chen Xiaoqi , Zhang Chuanlei , Wang Xinting , Yuan Changwei , Yang He , Yang Lixia
Published: September 2022

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is the second most common primary liver cancer associated with a poor prognosis. ICC accounts for about 10% of primary liver malignancies but with increasing incidence in recent years. Recently, some studies suggested that minimally interventional therapy can be used in the treatment of ICC. However, there are few references on interventional therapy for the clinical treatment of ICC. Herein we reported a case of a 48-year-old man who suffered from ICC. The patient was diagnosed with ICC by computerized tomography scan and pathological biopsy. The patient was completely cured by minimally interventional therapy with iodine-125 seed implantation. These results provide an important reference for the treatment option of ICC.
Effect of WC content on ultrasonic properties, thermal and electrical conductivity of WC–Co–Ni–Cr composites
Authors: Bilici Vildan Özkan
Published: September 2022

This study focused on the effect of WC on the ultrasonic properties, thermal and electrical conductivity of WC–Co–Ni–Cr composites. The samples were produced by powder metallurgy method for microstructural, physical, and ultrasonic characterization. Pulse-echo, hot disk, and four probe methods were used to evaluate the ultrasonic properties, thermal and electrical conductivity of WC–Co–Ni–Cr composites with different WC contents, respectively. Experimental results show that thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity of WC–Co–Ni–Cr composites increase linearly with increasing WC content and then decrease rapidly. The reason for this rapid decrease is expressed in the fact that the structure becomes more ceramic as the WC additive ratio increases. The same situation was observed in ultrasonic measurements. As the amount of WC particles in the sample increased, longitudinal and shear wave velocity, attenuation values, and elastic modulus increased.
Stability and Error Estimates of a Novel Spectral Deferred Correction Time-Marching with Local Discontinuous Galerkin Methods for Parabolic Equations
Authors: Zhou Lingling , Chen Wenhua , Guo Ruihan
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we discuss the stability and error estimates of the fully discrete schemes for parabolic equations, in which local discontinuous Galerkin methods with generalized alternating numerical fluxes and a novel spectral deferred correction method based on second-order time integration methods are adopted.
With the energy techniques, we obtain both the second- and fourth-order spectral deferred correction time-marching with local discontinuous Galerkin spatial discretization are unconditional stable.
The optimal error estimates for the corresponding fully discrete scheme are derived by the aid of the generalized Gauss–Radau projection.
We extend the analysis to problems with higher even-order derivatives.
Numerical examples are displayed to verify our theoretical results.
“You just have to join in” – A mixed-methods study on children’s media consumption worlds and parental mediation
Authors: Roth-Ebner Caroline
Published: September 2022

In contemporary society, childhood is characterized as mediatized and commercialized. Media consumption worlds (MCWs) are a phenomenon that mirrors both aspects. They are narratives that are presented through various media platforms, games, and merchandising products. In this paper, the concept of children’s MCWs is developed theoretically and investigated empirically using the case of primary school children’s appropriation of MCWs as well as parental mediation and attitude in Austria and Germany. A mixed-methods design was applied, starting with qualitative interviews with children and their parents and followed by an online survey for parents (N=327). The study revealed that children find individual ways to deal with MCWs, some of which foster creativity and self-expression but also consumerism. The parents’ attitude is ambivalent. They view MCWs as beneficial in terms of creativity, positive values, and as peer group experience. However, parents observe critically that MCWs lure children to the media and to consumption.
Novel benzodioxatriaza and dibenzodioxadiazacrown compounds carrying 1,2,4-oxadiazole moiety
Authors: Özer Besra , Dürüst Yaşar
Published: September 2022

A series of benzo (dibenzo)dioxadiaza and triazamacrocyclic ether compounds carrying 1,2,4-oxadiazole group has been successfully synthesized through N-substitution with 3-p-phenylsubstituted-5-chloromethyl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles. The structures of all the novel macrocycles were confirmed by spectral/physical data including HRMS measurements.
Data on the Population of Reduced Earnings Capacity-Pensioners in Germany, 2001–2020
Authors: Werhan Katharina
Published: September 2022

Pensions for reduced earnings capacity (REC) have yearly made up about 20% of all pensions granted by the German Pension Insurance in the past 25 years. The dataset described in this article is a time series of cross-sectional observations for the retirement cohorts 2001–2020. It enables researchers to have a detailed insight into the population of REC-pensioners and allows observing trends and effects of reforms over time. The article provides general information on the data, first descriptive analyses, examples on possible matching with other data of the FDZ-RV and information on how to access the data.
Life, learning, and legacy: retired Black educators and the quest for education
Authors: Beachum Floyd D. , Khabbaz Tashina , Hylton-Fraser Kadia
Published: September 2022

Students from culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) backgrounds face negative perceptions about their academic potential (Smith, C. A. (2005). School factors that contribute to the underachievement of students of color and what culturally competent school leaders can do. Educational Leadership and Administration: Teaching and Program Development, 17, 21–32). They are more often tracked into special education classes, and receive harsher punishments than their White peers (Shores, K., Kim, H. E., & Still, M. (2020). Categorical inequalities between Black and White students are common in US schools—but they don’t have to be. Brookings Center Chalkboard. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2020/02/21/categorical-inequalities-between-black-and-white-students-are-common-in-us-schools-but-they-dont-have-to-be/). Further, changing student demographics across the United States makes it imperative that students’ experiences within the classroom are positive, affirming, and reflective of their cultures and realities (Ladson-Billings, G. (2021). I’m here for the hard re-set: Post pandemic pedagogy to preserve our culture. Equity & Excellence in Education, 54(1), 68–78). While research in education has focused on the various teaching and leadership experiences of CLD educators, there are only a few which have specifically explored those of Black educators who taught in the era after the Great Migration. Unearthing such stories would be instructive for informing and improving current pedagogical practices for Blacks and other CLD students. Further, centering Black educators’ narratives is a way to disrupt the pervasive hegemonic narratives that typically focus on the experiences of White educators. Consequently, this small-scale study sought, through qualitative inquiry, to explore the perspectives of Black educational leaders and educators who attended segregated schools and then taught in more integrated settings after the Great Migration. Data collected through semi-structured interviews revealed three main themes: boundaries, community, and enhanced education. Importantly, the findings also revealed that as these Black educators shared their teaching and leadership experiences after migrating, they somehow could not escape the physical or psychological burden associated with being Black. The study has implications for how current educators interface with Black and CLD students to help them navigate a system that is still marked by anti-Black racism.
Children’s use of English as lingua franca in Swedish preschools
Authors: Larsson Karolina , Björk-Willén Polly , Haraldsson Katarina , Hansson Kristina
Published: September 2022

This paper highlights a current phenomenon reported from preschools placed in multilingual areas in Sweden, namely that some preschoolers with mutually different language backgrounds sometimes use English as lingua franca instead of Swedish during play. The data stems from a study of language environments in Swedish preschools situated in both monolingual and multilingual areas. The analyses reveal that many children are influenced by the English language in both areas, but to a much greater extent in multilingual areas. An interesting situation arises when the majority language of society, which is also the language of education and lingua franca of the preschool, acquires a less prevailing role in children’s accomplishment of everyday practices. Data show that the participating children are exposed to and speak English to a varying extent. They learn and teach each other English, and speak English in an array of pragmatic purposes; to position themselves in the social hierarchies of the preschool group, to create meaning within their shared peer culture and for the purpose of exclusion of intruders. English is also used as a secret language of friendship.
Laser cutting tobacco slice experiment: Effects of cutting power and cutting speed
Authors: Li Pengfei , Wang Shuiming , Xiong Bin , Tang Xiangbing , Tong Yuxing , Gao Song , Wen Shuangshuang , Huang Ming , Duan Zhoujun , Chen Qianjin
Published: September 2022

Due to their low melting point, low strength, uneven thickness, and sugar and moisture content, tobacco slices are very sensitive to the requirements of cutting parameters. In this article, the CO2 laser is used to study the specific process parameters in the cutting process of tobacco slices with a moisture content of 13%. The cutting powers and cutting speeds are varied to investigate the effects on the cutting quality of tobacco slices. The result reveals that the lower the cutting speed, the more conducive to the cutting of tobacco slices. And cutting speeds less than 2.5 m/s are preferable to the cutting of tobacco slices. But lower cutting speed means lower cutting efficiency. Meanwhile, the larger the cutting power, the more conducive to the cutting of tobacco slices. However, larger cutting power means larger energy consumption and higher requirements for the laser. Therefore, there is a compromise between cutting speed and cutting power. The preferable cutting power and speed parameters are summarized. The results obtained provide practical guidance for cutting high-quality tobacco slices.
Some life skills of female wheelchair basketball players
Authors: Ayad Mostefa , Kenioua Mouloud
Published: September 2022

Purpose: the current study aimed to know the level of life skills of female wheelchair basketball players and statistical differences in the life skills of female wheelchair basketball players according to team affiliation.

Material & Methods: the study was conducted on female wheelchair basketball players, where the study sample amounted to 30 players. The life skills scale prepared by Al-Sutri (2007), which contains four dimensions, was adopted; the skill of communication, the skill of teamwork and cooperation, the skill of taking personal responsibility, and the skill of physical and technical.

Results: the results showed that the mean values of the life skills dimensions ranged between (3.40 and 4.18), and the mean value of the total score of the scale amounted to (3.80), which indicates there were a high degree of life skills. And there were no significant differences between female wheelchair basketball players according to team affiliation in the life skills.

Conclusions: it was found that the level of life skills of female wheelchair basketball players is high. It is very important to develop special sports programs that enhance the life skills of persons (male/female) with disabilities, considering the type and severity of the disability.
Tuberculosis among health care workers treated at a university hospital in Bogotá, D.C., Colombia. 2008-2018
Authors: Romero Rojas Dolfus Santiago , Sanabria Oscar Orlando
Published: September 2022

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that usually affects the lungs and has a high morbidity and mortality rate.
Although it has been established that being a health care worker is an important risk factor for contracting TB, this link is sometimes difficult to prove, particularly in a country like Colombia where, despite being an endemic area, the population at risk does not always have the necessary personal protection equipment (PPE) or adequate diagnostic resources. Furthermore, in the specific context of health care personnel, there are few studies that provide a reliable picture of the disease situation in the health care sector at the national level.1
Pseudoaneurysm of the breast following a core needle biopsy: report of two cases
Authors: Assunção Ribeiro-da-Costa Rafael Everton , Barbosa-Bevilacqua José Luiz , Da Silva-Júnior Raimundo Gerônimo , Vieira Sabas Carlos
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Core needle biopsy (CNB) is the gold standard for histopathological diagnosis of breast masses. However, rare complications may occur after undergoing CNB, including hematoma and pseudoaneurysm (PA) of the breast. Cases presentation: Case 1: 66-year-old woman with a left breast mass who underwent a CNB without complications. Around eleven months later, she noticed a palpable and pulsatile mass in her left breast. She was diagnosed with a PA (1.6x1.3 cm) by means of a Doppler ultrasound (US) and a breast magnetic resonance imaging, which was surgically resected without any complication using local anesthesia. Case 2: 44-year-old woman with a left breast mass. After undergoing CNB, she developed ecchymosis and a palpable and pulsatile mass in her left breast. A Doppler US showed a 1.4x0.7 cm cystic lesion suggestive of a breast PA. The mass was surgically resected without complications using local anesthesia and sedation. Conclusion: Breast PA is an extremely rare complication of CNB, with only 17 cases reported in PubMed to date. However, breast PA must be highly suspected in the presence of warning signs such as bleeding, hematoma and a palpable and/or pulsatile breast mass after undergoing CNB.
Factores clínicos asociados a extubación fallida y a estridor laríngeo post-extubación en pacientes adultos con ventilación mecánica invasiva
Authors: Díaz-Díaz Sandra Cristina , Pérez-Cely Jairo Antonio , Espinosa-Almanza Carmelo José
Published: September 2022

Introducción. La intubación orotraqueal es un procedimiento que conlleva riesgos como la extubación fallida y el estridor laríngeo, los cuales aumentan el riesgo de morbilidad.
Objetivo. Identificar los factores asociados a extubación fallida temprana (≤24 horas) y al desarrollo de estridor laríngeo post-extubación en pacientes adultos con ventilación mecánica invasiva (VMI).
Materiales y métodos. Estudio de casos y controles con recolección prospectiva de información realizado en la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) de un hospital de IV nivel de Bogotá, Colombia, entre abril de 2019 y febrero de 2020. Se incluyeron 180 pacientes con VMI ≥24 horas y al menos ≥1 intento de extubación: 30 casos, definidos como pacientes con extubación fallida temprana (≤24 horas a la extubación) y 150 controles. Las diferencias en las variables consideradas entre casos y controles se determinaron mediante las pruebas t de Student y Chi 2 o exacta de Fisher. Además, se realizó un análisis multivariado (modelo de regresión logística no condicional) para determinar los factores asociados con extubación fallida y estridor laríngeo post-extubación, calculando los Odds ratio (OR) con sus respectivos intervalos de confianza al 95% (IC95%). Se consideró un nivel de significancia de p<0.05.
Resultados. La extubación fallida temprana y el estridor laríngeo tuvieron una prevalencia de 16.66% (n=30) y 3.89% (n=7), respectivamente. En el análisis multivariado, el antecedente de intubación (OR=4.27, IC95%=1.44-12.66), la presencia de cáncer activo (OR= 2.92, IC95%=1.08-7.90) y ser diagnosticado con neumonía (OR=2.84, IC95%=1.15-6.99) se asociaron significativamente con extubación fallida, mientras que la duración de la VMI (OR=1.53, IC95%=1.18-1.99) y el antecedente de intubación (OR=37.9, IC95%=2.22-650.8), con estridor laríngeo post-extubación.
Conclusiones. Con base en los resultados aquí obtenidos, se sugiere considerar factores como antecedente de intubación previa, comorbilidad con cáncer y diagnóstico de neumonía en la estratificación de estos pacientes críticos para aumentar la probabilidad de una extubación exitosa.
Conocimientos, percepciones y uso del rotulado de alimentos y bebidas en un grupo de adolescentes de Argentina
Authors: Noguera Milena Daniela , Moyano Daniela
Published: September 2022

Introducción El rotulado de alimentos es una herramienta importante para mejorar la nutrición y fortalecer la ciudadanía de los consumidores en las primeras etapas de la vida y en la adolescencia.

Objetivo Explorar los conocimientos, percepciones y el uso del rotulado de alimentos y bebidas en un grupo de adolescentes de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina, para el año 2019.
Metodología Diseño cualitativo con enfoque fenomenológico. La recolección de datos se realizó a través de una encuesta semiestructurada y grupos focales con selección de 29 estudiantes. Los resultados fueron analizados mediante la técnica de análisis de contenido.
Resultados El rótulo de alimentos tuvo baja utilización. El grupo de adolescentes reconoció la importancia que tendría su uso en la salud de las personas. Se observó una baja potencial utilización a futuro. Se encontraron diferencias de género en la percepción sobre la importancia que se le asigna a la alimentación. Los adolescentes realizaron recomendaciones de posibles mejoras de las etiquetas que incluya una perspectiva inclusiva.
Conclusión El nivel de conocimientos, el uso efectivo del rotulado de alimentos y la potencial utilización a futuro por parte de los/las adolescentes fue baja. Se recomienda repensar el diseño y generar estrategias de salud pública dirigidas a promover el uso de etiquetados nutricionales en grupos y contextos específicos.
Caracterización de una IPS de mediana complejidad en Ingeniería Clínica en Norte de Santander, Colombia
Authors: Quintana Villamizar Yeimy Liseth , Cruz Parra Lina Mayerly , Barrera Causil Carlos Javier
Published: September 2022

Objetivo Caracterizar, en lo que a ingeniería clínica se refiere, el estado actual de una IPS de nivel II de mediana complejidad del departamento de Norte de Santander (Colombia).
Metodología Se recopiló información de referencia sobre la disponibilidad de servicios de salud y los equipos médicos con el fin de determinar necesidades en tecnologías sanitarias basados en el análisis de los datos demográficos y epidemiológico.
Resultados En el estudio se encontró que el área de influencia es grande para la poca capacidad instalada con la que cuenta la IPS. Se debe priorizar la adquisición de equipos biomédicos para las enfermedades no transmisibles. Se determinó que existen necesidades en cuanto al equipamiento biomédico y recursos humanos para el oportuno desarrollo de la prestación de los servicios.
Discusión Teniendo en cuenta la situación actual de la pandemia ocasionada por el COVID-19, se evidencia que las IPS requieren que estas necesidades sean cubiertas con el fin de evitar un aumento en los casos de infectados y dar una atención oportuna a quienes padezcan esta enfermedad. Por ello se requiere un aumento de la capacidad instalada de equipos biomédicos y servicios asistenciales. Esta caracterización va apermitirles a las IPS determinar cuáles son las carencias en equipos biomédicos, lo cual se hace fundamental en este momento, cuando se requiere un fortalecimiento de los servicios de salud que se prestan en el país.
Wild animals housed at the IBAMA triage center in Southern Brazil, 2005–2021: a glimpse into the endless conflicts between man and other animals.
Authors: Farias Cruz Cláudio Estêvão , Silva Sores Camila Eloine , Bonamigo Hirt Gustavo , Carniel Wagner Paulo Guilherme , Andretta Inês , Nisa-Castro Neto Walter
Published: September 2022

Spurred on by the illegal billion-dollar revenue, the capture and trade of wild fauna remain the leading illegal activities in Brazil, and elsewhere. We present and discuss insights into the wild animals housed at the Wild Animal Triage Center in Southern Brazil. Recorded data from 2005 to 2021 were used. A total of 36,950 animals were sheltered in that period, and most of them were common passerines (24.182) such as the Saffron Finch, and Red-crested Cardinal, among many others confiscated after inspections or reports. Passerines have long been the top trafficked species in Brazil and abroad, where birdkeeping has strong cultural and economic values. The totals per class were 29,784 birds, 2,584 insects, 2,237 reptiles, and 2,170 mammals. Since they were mostly relinquished by the population rather than seized, most mammals, insects, and reptiles were probably unwanted guests in human spaces, tendency that illustrates the human difficulty in coexisting with wildlife. A total of 3,085 animals exhibited some threat or risk of extinction, which, as a general rule, grants them conservation priority. However, regardless of class, most animals (31,142) in this study were rated as least concern on the red lists, a trend in wildlife trafficking linked to the category criteria of being widely distributed species with abundant populations, and often, in close contact with human neighbors. Maintaining an abundance of common and nonthreatened species can be justified by the greater extent of their ecosystem services, from a local to global scale. Our results further highlight the urgent need to change our ways of interacting with wildlife.
Mokinių kritinio mąstymo raiška socialiai jautriame lytiškumo ugdymo turinyje
Authors: Bytautas Marius , Daukilas Sigitas
Published: September 2022

Įgyvendinant SLURŠ programą, mokyklose dažnai stebimas stručio sindromo reiškinys, skeptiškai vertinant programos siekinius ir įgyvendinimo strategijas, ypač dėl socialiai jautraus jos turinio. Straipsnyje argumentuojama socialiai jautraus lytiškumo ugdymo turinio pažinimo procesą grįsti kritinio mąstymo metodologine prieiga. Tyrimo metu identifikuotos socialiai jautrios lytiškumo ugdymo temos bei ištirti mokinių kritinio mąstymo raiškos požymiai socialiai jautriame lytiškumo ugdymo turinyje.
Mokinių matematikos pažangumo ir mokytojo elgesio, valdant klasę, sąsajos: ką rodo mokymosi duomenų pirminė analizė?
Authors: Brandišauskienė Agnė , Iurasova Olga
Published: September 2022

Straipsnyje analizuojamos mokinių matematikos pažangumo ir mokytojo elgesio, valdant klasę, sąsajos. Klasės valdymas yra vienas iš reikšmingiausių veiksnių, darančių įtaką mokinių pasiekimams, ir kartu tai labai sudėtingas reiškinys, apimantis pedagoginius, socialinius ir kultūrinius mokinio-mokytojo ir tarpusavio mokinių sąveikos aspektus. Teoriniu atžvilgiu galime matyti šešias skirtingas klasės valdymo prieigas, kurių įvairūs elementai, siekiant koreguoti netinkamą mokinių elgesį ugdymo realybėje, paprastai yra integruojami. Straipsnyje pristatomi 12-os mokyklų 2020-2021 m. mokymosi analitikos duomenys, analizuojant įvairių mokytojo elgesio kintamųjų (dažno vertinimo, pagyrimų, pastabų) įtaką mokinių matematiniam pažangumui.
Paauglių bendravimo su tėvais lytiškumo temomis vertinimas
Authors: Ustilaitė Stasė , Petrauskienė Alina , Česnavičienė Jūratė
Published: September 2022

Straipsnyje, naudojant klausimyną Bendravimo šeimoje apie lytiškumą koeficientas (The Family Sex Communication Quotient, FSCQ), siekiama atskleisti paauglių bendravimo su tėvais lytiškumo temomis aspektus ir kaip tai susiję su paauglių suvokiamu komfortu, informacijos ir tėvų vaidmens svarbos suvokimu. Nustatyta, kad paauglių bendravimo su tėvais lytiškumo temomis lygis yra vidutiniškas ir kad paaugliai labiau linkę šiais klausimais bendrauti su motinomis.
The Ideological Myth in a Society of Thwarted Westernization
Authors: Ershov Yurii G.
Published: September 2022

The article is written in connection with discussions about the content of ideological processes in post-Soviet Russia. The author agrees with the position that the course of modernization of society depends on the nature of the goals set. Consequently, the content of political ideology directly affects the design of the future and the management of society. Russia once again disrupted modernization, because it was once again carried out as Westernization — a direct uncritical borrowing of the values and institutions of Western civilization. The hybrid state of society manifested itself in the restoration of the features of traditional society in the constitutional shell of the modern legal state. The defeat of the USSR in the Cold War created a Weimar Russia that rejected the values of liberal democracy. The thirst for geopolitical revenge has led to the archaization of mass consciousness, the emergence of ideological myths cultivating the „neurosis of originality“, the psychology of „chosen common trauma“ and „chosen common glory“. The text emphasizes the flexibility and plasticity of hybrid political mythology, which allows manipulating mass consciousness. The paper highlights characteristic features of ideological myths and their socio-cultural consequences for the state and society. In them, the restoration of the idea of the exclusivity of the state (nation, people) is taking place, and, in its limits, it reaches the point of being chosen by God. The cultivation of one’s own superiority occurs through complex cultural and psychological mechanisms, through a system of direct, indirect and reverse means and techniques that acquire an aggressive form. The energy of this idea is created and fueled by the belief in the degradation of the creative forces of rival nations (states, civilizations).
The Test of Photography
Authors: Soyref Polina G.
Published: September 2022

This article aims to substantiate the interpretation of photography as a tool, artifact, and practice using the concept of test. The concept of test is chosen due to its complex semantic and functional meanings: to test is to check for durability, to find the truth; to be tested is to gain experience. In line with the double meaning o the genitive — we test the photograph, and the photograph tests us — (mutual, bidirectional testing), the article introduces the following headings: “The Test of Strength”, “The Test of the Viewer”, “The Test of the Gaze”, “Body Experience: Tested by the Gaze”, “The Test of Language”, and “The Test of Credibility”. The author’s position is to shift the focus from talking about photography as such to the possibilities of experience that it offers. The implementation of the approach relies on the dual nature of photography: the technical side of the genesis of the photographic image and photographic dualism of studium and punctum (R. Barth). Photography is at the junction between the subjective view of the choice of frame, and the technical registration of reality, which excludes the subject from the process of this registration. This juxtaposition of the subjective and the non-subjective in photographic practice determines the research topics presented in this article. The photographic image remains completely autonomous, not connected to human intervention, and this statement contributed to the introduction of the concept of the solid frame, which has the maximum potential for effect. A solid frame is an independent artifact that can last in the perception and memory of the viewer and create its field of meaning. The nature of the viewer’s particular fascination with photography is explored. The properties of photography —the claim to persuasiveness and the actual power of “lasting” photography — allow us to influence those looking at it (it doesn’t matter if it is the viewer or the photographer): we know that “it was”, we are in the field of the artifact that goes beyond its actual borders, we experience its content beyond cultural, artistic, linguistic boundaries. Photography turns out to be a practice that actualizes, intensifies, or transforms the experience of interacting with reality, a tool that allows us to experience it more intensely than in everyday life.