bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Melatonin improves cardiac remodeling and brain–heart sympathetic hyperactivation aggravated by light disruption after myocardial infarction
Authors: Jiao Liying , Wang Yuhong , Zhang Song , Wang Yueyi , Liu Zhihao , Liu Zihan , Zhou Yuyang , Zhou Huixin , Xu Xiao , Li Zeyan , Liu Zhihao , Yu Zhongyang , Nie Liqing , Zhou Liping , Jiang Hong
Published: August 2022

Light in the external environment might affect cardiovascular function. The light disruption seems to be related to changes in cardiovascular physiological functions, and disturbing light may be a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Prior studies have found that light disruption after myocardial infarction (MI) exacerbates cardiac remodeling, and the brain‐heart sympathetic nervous system may be one of the key mechanisms. However, how to improve light‐disrupted cardiac remodeling remains unclear. Melatonin is an indoleamine secreted by the pineal gland and controlled by endogenous circadian oscillators within the suprachiasmatic nucleus, which is closely associated with light/dark cycle. This study aimed to explore whether melatonin could improve light‐disrupted cardiac remodeling and modulate the brain‐heart sympathetic nervous system. Our study revealed that light disruption reduced serum melatonin levels, aggravated cardiac sympathetic remodeling, caused overactivation of the brain‐heart sympathetic nervous system, exacerbated cardiac dysfunction, and increased cardiac fibrosis after MI, while melatonin treatment improved light disruption‐exacerbated cardiac remodeling and brain‐heart sympathetic hyperactivation after MI. Furthermore, RNA‐Seq results revealed the significant changes at the cardiac transcription level. In conclusion, melatonin may be a potential therapy for light‐disrupted cardiac remodeling.
Genomic analyses reveal natural selection on reproduction related genes between two closely related Populus (Salicaceae) species
Authors: Tian Yang , Liu Shu‐Yu , Ingvarsson Pär K. , Zhao Dan‐Dan , Wang Li , Abuduhamiti Baoerjiang , Cai Jin‐Feng , Wu Zhi‐Qiang , Zhang Jian‐Guo , Wang Zhao‐Shan
Published: August 2022

Identifying the factors that cause reproductive isolation and their relative importance in species divergence is crucial to our understanding of speciation processes. In most species, natural selection is commonly considered to play a large role in driving speciation. Based on whole genome re‐sequencing data from 27 Populus alba and 28 Populus adenopoda individuals, we explored the factors related to reproductive isolation of these two closely related species. The results showed that the two species diverged ~5–10 million years ago (Ma), when the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau reached a certain height and the inland climate of the Asian continent became arid. In highly differentiated genomic regions, the relative divergence (FST) and absolute divergence (dxy) were significantly higher than the genomic background, θπ and shared polymorphisms decreased whereas fixed differences increased, which indicated that natural selection played a key role in the reproductive isolation of the two species. In addition, we found several genes that were related to reproduction that may be involved in explaining the reproductive isolation. Using phylogenetic trees resolved from haplotype data of Populus tomentosa and P. adenopoda, the maternal origin of P. tomentosa from P. adenopoda was likely to be located in Hubei and Chongqing Provinces.
Incidence of post‐transplant hepatitis B virus reactivation with the use of kidneys from donors with resolved hepatitis B virus infection
Authors: Yamada Ren , Morikawa Kenichi , Hotta Kiyohiko , Iwami Daiki , Tanabe Tatsu , Murai Sachiyo , Shinohara Nobuo , Yoshida Sonoe , Hosoda Shunichi , Kubo Akinori , Tokuchi Yoshimasa , Kitagataya Takashi , Kimura Megumi , Yamamoto Koji , Nakai Masato , Sho Takuya , Suda Goki , Natsuizaka Mitsuteru , Ogawa Koji , Sakamoto Naoya
Published: August 2022

Donors with resolved hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection may be a solution for the organ shortage for kidney transplantation (KT). The purpose of this study was to clarify the current state of HBV markers after KT from donors with resolved HBV infection to HBV naïve recipients and the rate of HBV reactivation in recipients with resolved HBV infection. Furthermore, we investigated HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) in transplanted organs from donors with resolved HBV infection and the capability of HBV replication in kidney cell lines. We retrospectively analysed the HBV status of 340 consecutive donors and recipients who underwent KT in a single centre. We prospectively measured cccDNA by real‐time polymerase chain reaction in kidney biopsy specimens of 32 donors with resolved HBV infection. HBV reactivation was found in three recipients with resolved HBV infection (4.8%, 3/63) after KT. We analysed 45 cases of transplantation from donors with resolved HBV infection to HBV‐naive recipients. One case (2.2%, 1/45) became seropositive for hepatitis B core antibody (anti‐HBc) and in another case (2.2%, 1/45), HBV‐DNA was detected qualitatively in an HBV naive recipient with a donor with resolved HBV infection. In the latter case, cccDNA was measured in the donor kidney during KT. HBV replication was observed in kidney cell lines with HBV plasmid transfection. In conclusion, the risk of reactivation in anti‐HBc‐positive donors is relatively low. However, post‐transplant HBV monitoring should be conducted in all at‐risk cases.
Severe impairment of patient‐reported outcomes in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection seen in real‐world practices across the world: Data from the global liver registry
Authors: Younossi Zobair M. , Yu Ming‐Lung , El‐Kassas Mohamed , Esmat Gamal , Castellanos Fernández Marlen I. , Buti Maria , Papatheodoridis Georgios , Yilmaz Yusuf , Isakov Vasily , Duseja Ajay , Méndez‐Sánchez Nahum , Hamid Saeed , Gordon Stuart C. , Romero‐Gómez Manuel , Chan Wah‐Kheong , Ong Janus P. , Younossi Issah , Lam Brain , Ziayee Mariam , Nader Fatema , Racila Andrei , Henry Linda , Stepanova Maria ,   the Global NASH Council™
Published: August 2022

Cure of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) can lead to improvement of health‐related quality of life and other patient‐reported outcomes (PROs). While extensive PRO data for CHC patients who were enrolled in clinical trials are available, similar data for patients seen in real‐world practices are scarce. Our aim was to assess PROs of CHC patients enrolled from real‐world practices from different regions and to compare them with those enrolled in clinical trials. CHC patients seen in clinical practices and not receiving treatment were enrolled in the Global Liver Registry (GLR). Clinical and PRO (FACIT‐F, CLDQ‐HCV, WPAI) data were collected and compared with the baseline data from CHC patients enrolled in clinical trials. N = 12,171 CHC patients were included (GLR n = 3146, clinical trial subjects n = 9025). Patients were from 30 countries from 6 out of 7 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) super‐regions. Compared with clinical trial enrollees, patients from GLR were less commonly enrolled from High‐Income GBD super‐region, older, more commonly female, less employed, had more type 2 diabetes, anxiety and clinically overt fatigue but less cirrhosis (all p < 0.001). Out of 15 PRO domain and summary scores, 12 were lower in GLR patients than in subjects enrolled in clinical trials (p < 0.001). In multiple regression models, anxiety, depression, and fatigue were associated with significant PRO impairment in CHC patients (p < 0.05). After adjustment for the clinico‐demographic confounders, the association of PRO scores of CHC patients with enrolment settings was no longer significant (all p > 0.05). In conclusion, hepatitis C patients seen in the real‐world practices have PRO impairment driven by fatigue and psychiatric comorbidities.
Deciphering the noisy landscape: Architectural conceptual design space interpretation using disentangled representation learning
Authors: Chen Jielin , Stouffs Rudi
Published: August 2022

Time and resource restrictions limit the architect's design scope. Computational design methods can offer support to overcome these limitations. Design exploration has been a long‐established task in computational‐aided generative design. However, conventional objective‐ and performance‐based systems have restrictions pertaining to the exploration scope. Without a quasi‐global cognition of the conceptual design space, the exploration scope is bound to be limited. This paper is a proposal for an epistemic shift toward the interpretation of conceptual design space per se. This topic receives limited attention in the current literature due to the scarcity of interpretation tools. Using a customized large‐scale architectural image database with high‐level visual diversity and latent data space coverage, this paper serves as a first attempt to investigate the possibilities of leveraging disentangled representation learning to structurally interpret architectural conceptual design space in both supervised and unsupervised manner. Various schemes of supervised disentanglement are tested, with analytical comparisons indicating discrepant structural traits of different latent spaces. The unsupervised interpretation scheme shows the preliminary capability of automatic feature disentanglement. Our long‐term objective is to offer designers a broader spectrum of creative design through innovative design systems.
Temperature‐sensitive male sterility in rice determined by the roles of AGO1d in reproductive phasiRNA biogenesis and function
Authors: Shi Chuanlin , Zhang Jie , Wu Bingjin , Jouni Rachel , Yu Changxiu , Meyers Blake C. , Liang Wanqi , Fei Qili
Published: August 2022

Phased secondary siRNAs (phasiRNAs) are broadly present in the reproductive tissues of flowering plants, with spatial–temporal specificity. However, the ARGONAUTE (AGO) proteins associated with phasiRNAs and their miRNA triggers remain elusive.

Here, through histological and high‐throughput sequencing analyses, we show that rice AGO1d, which is specifically expressed in anther wall cells before and during meiosis, associates with both miR2118 and miR2275 to mediate phasiRNA biogenesis.

AGO1d preferentially binds to miR2118‐triggered 21‐nucleotide (nt) phasiRNAs with a 5′‐terminal uridine, suggesting a dual role in phasiRNA biogenesis and function. Depletion of AGO1d causes a reduction of 21‐ and 24‐nt phasiRNAs and temperature‐sensitive male sterility. At lower temperatures, anthers of the ago1d mutant predominantly show excessive tapetal cells with little starch accumulation during pollen formation, possibly caused by the dysregulation of cell metabolism.

These results uncover an essential role of AGO1d in rice anther development at lower temperatures and demonstrate coordinative roles of AGO proteins during reproductive phasiRNA biogenesis and function.
Seeing shapes in clouds: the fallacy of deriving ecological hypotheses from statistical distributions
Authors: Warren Robert J. , Costa James T. , Bradford Mark A.
Published: August 2022

The explanations behind observations of global patterning in species diversity pre‐date the field of ecology itself. The generation of new species–area theories, in particular, far outpaces their falsification, resulting in a centuries‐old accumulation in species diversity theories. We use historical assessment and new data analysis to argue that one of the earliest recognized and most consistent patterns in species diversity is not strictly an ecological phenomenon and, when ecological mechanism is invoked, the range of potential mechanisms is too numerous for tractable hypothesis falsification. We provide a historical parallel in that the normal distribution once was treated as a pattern assuming a biological mechanism rather than a statistical distribution that can be generated by biological and non‐biological forces. Similarly, power law distributions are ubiquitous in aggregated data, such as the species–area relationship. That nearly identical broad‐scale aggregation patterns are observed for both ecological and non‐ecological data as a function of area suggest that these broad‐scale patterns reflect a statistical distribution that, in itself, cannot be used to discern between or among ecological and non‐ecological mechanisms. We argue that by seeking processes in such a ubiquitous pattern, ecologists may read ecological mechanism into statistical patterns, and we suggest that falsifying broad‐scale diversity distribution hypotheses should be a greater priority than generating or parameterizing new ones.
Multispecies biofilm behavior and host interaction support the association of Tannerella serpentiformis with periodontal health
Authors: Kendlbacher Fabian L. , Bloch Susanne , Hager‐Mair Fiona F. , Bacher Johanna , Janesch Bettina , Thurnheer Thomas , Andrukhov Oleh , Schäffer Christina
Published: August 2022

The recently identified bacterium Tannerella serpentiformis is the closest phylogenetic relative of Tannerella forsythia, whose presence in oral biofilms is associated with periodontitis. Conversely, T. serpentiformis is considered health‐associated. This discrepancy was investigated in a comparative study of the two Tannerella species. The biofilm behavior was analyzed upon their addition and of Porphyromonas gingivalis—each bacterium separately or in combinations—to an in vitro five‐species oral model biofilm. Biofilm composition and architecture was analyzed quantitatively using real‐time PCR and qualitatively by fluorescence in situ hybridization/confocal laser scanning microscopy, and by scanning electron microscopy. The presence of T. serpentiformis led to a decrease of the total cell number of biofilm bacteria, while P. gingivalis was growth‐promoting. This effect was mitigated by T. serpentiformis when added to the biofilm together with P. gingivalis. Notably, T. serpentiformis outcompeted T. forsythia numbers when the two species were simultaneously added to the biofilm compared to biofilms containing T. forsythia alone. Tannerella serpentiformis appeared evenly distributed throughout the multispecies biofilm, while T. forsythia was surface‐located. Adhesion and invasion assays revealed that T. serpentiformis was significantly less effective in invading human gingival epithelial cells than T. forsythia. Furthermore, compared to T. forsythia, a higher immunostimulatory potential of human gingival fibroblasts and macrophages was revealed for T. serpentiformis, based on mRNA expression levels of the inflammatory mediators interleukin 6 (IL‐6), IL‐8, monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 and tumor necrosis factor α, and production of the corresponding proteins. Collectively, these data support the potential of T. serpentiformis to interfere with biological processes relevant to the establishment of periodontitis.
Impaction Bone Grafting with Low Dose Irradiated Freeze‐Dried Allograft Bone for Acetabular Reconstruction
Authors: Li Hongxing , Tan Kelvin Guoping , Li Zhiling , Wu Xiaoxin , Cai Guangping , Zhu Weihong , Huang Tianlong , Wang Wanchun , Crawford Ross , Mao Xinzhan
Published: August 2022

Objective

Reconstruction of acetabular defects has been extremely challenging in both primary and revision total hip arthroplasty (THA). Impaction bone grafting (IBG) can restore the acetabulum bone mass and anatomically reconstruct the acetabulum. Our study aimed to report the short and medium‐term clinical and radiographic outcomes of IBG for acetabular reconstruction in the cemented THA in the Chinese population.

Methods

This was a single‐center retrospective review enrolling 57 patients between May 2013 and July 2019. The patients with acetabular defects were treated with IBG, using low dose irradiated freeze‐dried allograft bone with or without autograft bone, in the cemented THA performed by one senior surgeon. Harris hip score (HHS), standard pelvis anterior–posterior radiograph and lateral hip radiograph were obtained before operation and at 1 week, 3 months, 12 months, and yearly. Graft osteointegration was evaluated by Oswestry's criteria, and complication was documented at the last follow‐up. Independent sample ANOVA test and Pearson chi‐square tests are used for statistical analysis.

Results

There were 61 hips in 57 patients. The average follow‐up time was 35.59 months (5–77 months). According to AAOS classification, a total of 18 hips were identified as segmental bone deficiency (type I), with 21 and 22 hips for cavitary bone deficiency (type II) and the combined bone deficiency (type III), respectively. The average HHS was improved from 44.49 (range: 32–58) preoperatively to 86.98 (range: 78–93) postoperatively. Graft osteointegration was satisfactory (Oswestry score ≥2) in all patients. No dislocation occurred in the 57 patients (61 hips) during follow‐up. Although one cup migrated, no revision, re‐revision, radiographic loosening, graft bone lysis, or postoperative complications were detected at the final follow‐up.

Conclusions

IBG with low‐dose irradiated freeze‐dried allograft bone in acetabular bone defect reconstruction is a reliable technique for restoring acetabular bone defects in THA.
Single‐cell RNA‐seq reveals fate determination control of an individual fibre cell initiation in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)
Authors: Qin Yuan , Sun Mengling , Li Weiwen , Xu Mingqi , Shao Lei , Liu Yuqi , Zhao Guannan , Liu Zhenping , Xu Zhongping , You Jiaqi , Ye Zhengxiu , Xu Jiawen , Yang Xiyan , Wang Maojun , Lindsey Keith , Zhang Xianlong , Tu Lili
Published: August 2022

Cotton fibre is a unicellular seed trichome, and lint fibre initials per seed as a factor determines fibre yield. However, the mechanisms controlling fibre initiation from ovule epidermis are not understood well enough. Here, with single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq), a total of 14 535 cells were identified from cotton ovule outer integument of Xu142_LF line at four developmental stages (1.5, 1, 0.5 days before anthesis and the day of anthesis). Three major cell types, fibre, non‐fibre epidermis and outer pigment layer were identified and then verified by RNA in situ hybridization. A comparative analysis on scRNA‐seq data between Xu142 and its fibreless mutant Xu142 fl further confirmed fibre cluster definition. The developmental trajectory of fibre cell was reconstructed, and fibre cell was identified differentiated at 1 day before anthesis. Gene regulatory networks at four stages revealed the spatiotemporal pattern of core transcription factors, and MYB25‐like and HOX3 were demonstrated played key roles as commanders in fibre differentiation and tip‐biased diffuse growth respectively. A model for early development of a single fibre cell was proposed here, which sheds light on further deciphering mechanism of plant trichome and the improvement of cotton fibre yield.
Different item characteristics of a mild cognitive impairment screening tool in the community‐based Yilan Study: application of the item response theory
Authors: Ang Sin‐Ho , Hsu Nai‐Wei , Tsai Ping‐Huang , Pan Po‐Jung , Chen Hsi‐Chung , Chou Pesus , Lin Kuan‐Chia
Published: August 2022

Background

This study aimed to use item response theory (IRT) to explore the item‐by‐item characteristics of a mild cognitive impairment (MCI) screening tool using community‐based data.

Methods

The Yilan Study is a community‐based study that has been conducted since 2012. Until March 2020, 2230 older adults were interviewed according to the household registration data. IRT was applied to determine the item‐by‐item distinctive characteristics of the Eight‐item Interview to Differentiate Aging and Dementia (AD8).

Results

The MCI characteristics in the AD8 items have varying degrees of item response threshold. In all circumstances, item AD8‐8, which is related to self‐rated memory ability, had a low item response threshold. AD8‐5 and AD8‐7, which are related to the comparisons of time‐oriented functional status, had slightly lower thresholds, especially for those aged 65–79 years or without activity limitations. Conversely, AD8‐1, AD8‐2, AD8‐3, AD8‐4, and AD8‐6 had similar item response thresholds and discriminative power; these items have more detailed functional descriptions or examples for illustration.

Conclusions

Concise and understandable elements are often expected in community‐based screening tools. For community‐based health screening and population empowerment in the early detection of MCI, assessment tool items with detailed functional descriptions and examples for illustration have similar validities in most of the population. Items related to self‐rated memory ability might be less valid. More examples may be needed for items constructed for comparing time‐oriented functional status, especially in extremely old adults and individuals with activity limitations.
A clinical short‐cut to identifying short telomeres in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis?
Authors: Maher Toby M.
Published: August 2022

See related article
Barriers for women in the workplace: A social psychological perspective
Authors: Hanek Kathrin J. , Garcia Stephen M.
Published: August 2022

We present a social psychological perspective on the barriers that women face in the workplace. We begin by reviewing the prevailing theories of gender differences such as social role theory, role congruity theory, and prescriptive gender norms and stereotypes and then extrapolate from these social psychological mechanisms for gender differences in organizations to explain various barriers, including discrimination, prejudice, performance devaluation, backlash, and more. The genesis of many of these barriers thus result from the prescriptive, at times constrictive, social expectations that influence both the external social sanctions applied to women's behavior as well as women's individual preferences. We then review four domains in which women and men differ in their preferences and behavior in the workplace: leadership, decision‐making, negotiation, and influence. Finally, we acknowledge how the concept of gender is continuing to evolve, discuss its implications for economic inequality, and pose questions that will update our understanding of women in the workplace in the future.
Seed dormancy 4 like1 of Arabidopsis is a key regulator of phase transition from embryo to vegetative development
Authors: Zheng Lipeng , Otani Masahiko , Kanno Yuri , Seo Mitsunori , Yoshitake Yushi , Yoshimoto Kohki , Sugimoto Kazuhiko , Kawakami Naoto
Published: August 2022

Seed dormancy is an adaptive trait that enables plants to survive adverse conditions and restart growth in a season and location suitable for vegetative and reproductive growth. Control of seed dormancy is also important for crop production and food quality because it can help induce uniform germination and prevent preharvest sprouting. Rice preharvest sprouting quantitative trait locus analysis has identified Seed dormancy 4 (Sdr4) as a positive regulator of dormancy development. Here, we analyzed the loss‐of‐function mutant of the Arabidopsis ortholog, Sdr4 Like1 (SFL1), and found that the sfl1‐1 seeds showed precocious germination at the mid‐ to late‐maturation stage similar to rice sdr4 mutant, but converted to become more dormant than the wild type during maturation drying. Coordinated with the dormancy levels, expression levels of the seed maturation and dormancy master regulator genes, ABI3, FUS3, and DOG1 in sfl1‐1 seeds were lower than in wild type at early‐ and mid‐maturation stages, but higher at the late‐maturation stage. In addition to the seed dormancy phenotype, sfl1‐1 seedlings showed a growth arrest phenotype and heterochronic expression of LAFL (LEC1, ABI3, FUS3, LEC2) and DOG1 in the seedlings. These data suggest that SFL1 is a positive regulator of initiation and termination of the seed dormancy program. We also found genetic interaction between SFL1 and the SFL2, SFL3, and SFL4 paralogs of SFL1, which impacts on the timing of the phase transition from embryo maturation to seedling growth.
Use of antibiotics in patients who were attacked by animals that can transmit rabies
Authors: Valladales‐Restrepo Luis Fernando , Vargas‐Díaz Katherine , Peña‐Verjan Nathalia Marcela , Londoño‐Cano Diego Andrés , Álvarez‐Ayala Daniela , Orrego‐Giraldo María José , Machado‐Alba Jorge Enrique
Published: August 2022

Animal bites have a high probability of becoming infected. In high‐risk wounds, the use of antibiotics that kill the associated microorganisms is recommended. The aim of this study was to determine the use of inappropriate antibiotics in patients in different regions of Colombia who were attacked in 2020 by animals that can transmit rabies. This was a retrospective follow‐up study of a cohort of patients with wounds caused by animals; the patients were affiliated with the Colombian Health System. Sociodemographic, clinical and pharmacological data were collected. A total of 280 patients were analysed. The median age was 28.0 years, and 52.1% were men. The attacks were attributed to dogs (85.0%) and cats (15.0%), and 9.6% were classified as severe exposure. Antibiotics were used in 71.1% of cases for prophylaxis and in 4.3% of the cases for the treatment of superinfection; cephalexin (37.5%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (15.7%) and dicloxacillin (10.4%) were the predominant antibiotics used. A total of 72.0% of patients who received antibiotics received inadequate prescriptions, and 49.2% had no indication to receive prophylaxis. Being treated in the Caribbean region (OR: 4.09; 95% CI: 1.79–9.30) and receiving analgesics (OR: 3.15; 95% CI: 1.25–7.94) were associated with a greater probability of being prescribed antibiotics inadequately; attacks resulting in severe exposure were associated with a lower probability (OR: 0.40; 95% CI: 0.16–0.98). A significant proportion of patients had no indication for prophylactic antibiotics or was prescribed antibiotics not recommended by clinical practice guidelines. There was a low prevalence of prescriptions for amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, the most recommended antibiotic.
Effectiveness of physical rehabilitation in improving physical functioning and quality of life for long-term-care residents with dementia: a systematic review protocol
Authors: McArthur Caitlin , Alizadehsaravi Niousha , Affoo Rebecca , Cooke Karen , Douglas Natalie , Earl Marie , Flynn Trudy , Ghanouni Parisa , Hunter Susan , Middleton Laura , Moody Elaine , Searle Sam , Smith Cheryl , Weeks Lori
Published: August 2022

Objective:

The objective of this review is to evaluate the effectiveness of physical rehabilitation versus non-rehabilitation control in improving physical functioning and quality of life in long-term care residents with dementia.

Introduction:

Many long-term-care residents live with dementia and have impaired physical function and poor quality of life. Physical rehabilitation can improve physical function and quality of life for people living with dementia, yet many long-term-care residents with dementia do not receive this intervention, and health care providers are unsure of which rehabilitation interventions are effective. Studies synthesizing effective rehabilitation programs are needed to guide practice in the long-term-care sector where many residents live with dementia. Previous studies have focused broadly on long-term care, specific professions, interventions or outcomes, or people with dementia in the community. Our review will focus on long-term-care residents living with dementia and a broader definition of physical rehabilitation.

Inclusion criteria:

This review will include studies that evaluate physical rehabilitation in comparison with non-rehabilitation controls among long-term-care residents with any severity of dementia. We will include studies that measure the effect on performance-based physical functioning and self- or proxy-reported quality of life.

Methods:

Searches will be conducted in APA PsycINFO (EBSCO), CINAHL (EBSCO), MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane CENTRAL database with no date or language limitations. Two independent reviewers will conduct a critical appraisal of eligible studies, assess methodological quality, and extract the data. Where possible, studies will be pooled in a statistical meta-analysis.

Systematic review registration number:

PROSPERO CRD42022308444
Control Model and Optimization Study of Temperature Distribution Applied in Thermite Plugging and Abandonment Technology
Authors: Zhang Jie , Sun Ruitao , Li Zhilin , Li Xin , Tao Huaizhi , Wang Zhihang , Yu Sheng , Zhang Wenzhen
Published: August 2022

With the continuous exploration and development of oil wells, we must pay attention to the risk of leakage from abandoned wells. Therefore, it is necessary to plug and abandon the abandoned well. However, there are many limitations in the traditional plugging and abandonment (P&A) operation, for example, cement's bearing capacity, the cement's corrosion resistance, the problem of the extended operation time, and high cost. To overcome the aforementioned issues, a thermite plugging and abandonment (TP&A) technology is proposed in this field. The technology uses the aluminothermic reaction to melt the original or set materials for P&A operation. To promote the phase transformation of more materials in the well to form a plug with good plugging performance, the temperature distribution in the TP&A system was optimized. Based on the heat conduction theory and successive overrelaxation iterative method, a heat conduction model based on the temperature release law of aluminothermic reaction is established and solved. The temperature change law under different combinations of the downhole environment is studied. The optimized model can maintain the high-efficiency transfer of energy, fluid–structure interaction, and the interaction between fluids. The material after the phase change can be cooled to form a plug with good plugging performance.
Modal Analysis of Offshore Monopile Wind Turbine: An Analytical Solution
Authors: Pezeshki Hadi , Pavlou Dimitrios , Adeli Hojjat , Siriwardane Sudath C.
Published: August 2022

An analytical solution of the dynamic response of offshore wind turbines under wave load with nonlinear Stokes’s wave theory and wave–structure and soil–foundation interactions is developed. Natural frequencies and the corresponding modes are obtained. The effect of the wave–structure interaction, the added mass, the foundation stiffness, and the nacelle translational and rotational inertia on the motion of the structure is investigated. The nonlinear loading provided by the drag term of Morison’s equation is successfully handled. A parametric study to examine the effect of the structural parameters on the dynamic response is conducted, and the results of the proposed analytical solution are compared to numerical ones. The proposed method has the following advantages: (a) it is accurate and straightforward because of its analytical nature, (b) it does not ignore the drag term in the wave loading by keeping its nonlinearity nature, (c) the structure of the wind turbine is modeled as a continuous system, (d) it takes into account the effect of the rotational and translational inertia of the nacelle on the dynamic response, and (e) it provides an interpretation of the effect of the sea level variation in changing the natural frequencies.
Heat Transfer Augmentation of a Solar Air Heater Using a Twisted V-Shaped Staggered Rib Over the Absorber Plate
Authors: Kumar Dheeraj , Layek Apurba
Published: August 2022

An effort is made to study the performance of a solar air heater having the absorber surface roughened by providing staggered, twisted, and V-shaped ribs roughness. The liquid crystal thermography technique is applied to get the Nu distribution over the surface. Experimentation is done for Reynolds number ranges from 3000 to 21,000, relative roughness to pitch ratio (P/e) from 7–11 and relative staggered distance (d/e) of 2–6, for the fixed angle of attack (α), relative twist length (y/e), and relative roughness length (S/e). It is found that the maximum Nusselt number and friction factor augmentation are 3.43 and 2.57 times than that of the smooth duct. The maximum thermo-hydraulic performance (THP) value obtained is 2.69 for the P/e of 9 and d/e of 4. It can be inferred that staggered twisted V-shaped rib roughness helps to get the enhanced Nu with minimum friction penalty.
Understanding the Role of Directional Texture in Tribofilm Evolution
Authors: Bapat Salil , Malshe Ajay P.
Published: August 2022

This paper reports a study of the evolution of directional texture and its role in the manipulation of tribofilm layers under boundary lubrication (BL). The use of surface protective tribofilms/lubricant chemistries along with the use of textured surfaces has gained significant attention as an effective BL strategy to provide advanced lubrication. However, the evolution of surface texture in the direction of motion under continuous asperity-to-asperity contact remains unexplored, especially in correlation with the tribofilm properties on textured surfaces. Mechanical polishing using SiC abrasive paper was used to generate directional and concentric surface texture on 52100 steel discs. Tribological tests of varying time durations were performed using MoS2-based lubricant to systematically study the evolution of texture and tribofilm using a pin-on-disc rotational setup. A laser microscope was used for areal texture characterization while tribofilm was characterized using SEM/EDS, Raman, and FIB/TEM. The results show that directional texture manipulates the early onset and tribo-chemical reactions and the delivery of lubricant tribofilm on the asperities during the evolution process.
History of ultrasound in obstetrics and gynaecology from 1971 to 2021 on occasion of the 50 years anniversary of EFSUMB
Authors: Merz Eberhard , Evans David H , Dong Yi , Jenssen Christian , Dietrich Christoph F
Published: August 2022

Diagnostic ultrasound in obstetrics and gynaecology has experienced a fantastic evolution during the past seven decades. Initial steps with A-mode technology were followed by B-mode and B-mode real-time imaging, then by Doppler and colour Doppler ultrasound, and finally by 3D/4D ultrasound. Other evolutionary steps were the development of high-resolution transabdominal and transvaginal transducers providing high quality images in the first, second and third trimesters of pregancy, as well as in gynaecology and breast imaging.The progression from two-dimensional (2D) to three-dimensional ultrasound (3D) and 3D real-time imaging (4D) has brought new options in displaying anatomical structures. In comparison with CT or MRI, it is not a static but functional technique, cheap and safe, and applicable at any time.
Trajectory Calculations with Lift and Drag
Authors: Cross Rod
Published: August 2022

The trajectory of a ball in air is affected by aerodynamic drag and lift. In general, the trajectory needs to be calculated numerically since the acceleration varies with time in both the horizontal and vertical directions. If the trajectory remains approximately parabolic, then simple analytical solutions can be found, giving useful insights into the behavior of the ball as it travels through the air.
Optical Barrier Penetration
Authors: Greenslade Thomas B.
Published: August 2022

Recently I took a walk through the physics demonstration room at Kenyon College, where I first started teaching in 1964. On an upper shelf was the little home-built apparatus in Fig. 1. This was used for one of two short single-concept films that I made in the 1970s. Both “The Magnus Effect” and “Optical Barrier Penetration” were part of the Film and Slide Repository of the American Association of Physics Teachers. Looking back, my colleague Franklin Miller (1912–2012), the developer of the single-concept film, and I, once the chair of the Visual Aids Committee of the AAPT, were both involved in this project.
Effect of Prior Exercise on Postprandial Lipemia: An Updated Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review
Authors: Pearson Regis C. , Cogan Betsy , Garcia Sara A. , Jenkins Nathan T.
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this systematic review was to synthesize the results from current literature examining the effects of prior exercise on the postprandial triglyceride (TG) response to evaluate current literature and provide future direction. A quantitative review was performed using meta-analytic methods to quantify individual effect sizes. A moderator analysis was performed to investigate potential variables that could influence the effect of prior exercise on postprandial TG response. Two hundred and seventy-nine effects were retrieved from 165 studies for the total TG response and 142 effects from 87 studies for the incremental area under the curve TG response. There was a moderate effect of exercise on the total TG response (Cohen’s d = −0.47; p < .0001). Moderator analysis revealed exercise energy expenditure significantly moderated the effect of prior exercise on the total TG response (p < .0001). Exercise modality (e.g., cardiovascular, resistance, combination of both cardiovascular and resistance, or standing), cardiovascular exercise type (e.g., continuous, interval, concurrent, or combined), and timing of exercise prior to meal administration significantly affected the total TG response (p < .001). Additionally, exercise had a moderate effect on the incremental area under the curve TG response (Cohen’s d = −0.40; p < .0001). The current analysis reveals a more homogeneous data set than previously reported. The attenuation of postprandial TG appears largely dependent on exercise energy expenditure (∼2 MJ) and the timing of exercise. The effect of prior exercise on the postprandial TG response appears to be transient; therefore, exercise should be frequent to elicit an adaptation.
Sportspersonship Under Review: An Examination of Fair Play Attitudes Through the Contextualized Sport Alphabetization Model in Primary Physical Education
Authors: Sierra-Díaz Manuel Jacob , González-Víllora Sixto , Fernandez-Rio Javier
Published: August 2022

Purpose: The goal was twofold: (a) to analyze the evolution of sportspersonship attitudes and negative values along a learning unit using the contextualized sport alphabetization model and (b) to determine the associations between sportspersonship and self-determined motivation. Method: The study followed a preexperimental, cross-sectional design with pre-, mid-, and posttesting. Forty-one primary education students (10.17 ± 1.13 years) participated in a futsal-based unit using the contextualized sport alphabetization model. Data were analyzed through a set of Grade (4) × Time (3) repeated-measures analysis of variances. In addition, Pearson moment–product correlational analysis was conducted to observe any possible associations between sportspersonship and motivation. Results: Findings showed a positive significant evolution, as well as a positive relationship, between sportspersonship and self-determined motivation. Results also showed significant differences among grades. Discussion/Conclusion: This study provides empirical support for the implementation of the contextualized sport alphabetization model, encompassed within a learner-centered teaching practice, to promote positive values among students in physical education.
Efficacy of Artemether-Lumefantrine and Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum Malaria among Children in Western Kenya, 2016 to 2017
Authors: Westercamp Nelli , Owidhi Mary , Otieno Kephas , Chebore Winnie , Buff Ann M. , Desai Meghna , Kariuki Simon , Samuels Aaron M.
Published: August 2022

Antimalarial resistance threatens global malaria control efforts. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends routine antimalarial efficacy monitoring through a standardized therapeutic efficacy study (TES) protocol.
Dynamic Fluctuation and Niche Differentiation of Fungal Pathogens Infecting Bell Pepper Plants
Authors: Liu Lixue , Ma Luyao , Feng Jinsong , Lu Xiaonan
Published: August 2022

Bell peppers are widely consumed worldwide. Fungal pathogen infections of bell peppers lead to enormous economic loss.
Vertical and Horizontal Transmission of Cell Fusing Agent Virus in Aedes aegypti
Authors: Logan Rhiannon A. E. , Quek Shannon , Muthoni Joseph N. , von Eicken Anneliese , Brettell Laura E. , Anderson Enyia R. , Villena Marcus E. N. , Hegde Shivanand , Patterson Grace T. , Heinz Eva , Hughes Grant L. , Patterson Edward I.
Published: August 2022

Insect-specific flaviviruses (ISFs), are a group of nonpathogenic flaviviruses that only infect insects. ISFs can have a high prevalence in mosquito populations, but their transmission routes are not well understood.
Establishment and Characterization of an HBV Viral Spread and Infectious System following Long-Term Passage of an HBV Clinical Isolate in the Primary Human Hepatocyte and Fibroblast Coculture System
Authors: Liu Yang , Kornyeyev Dmytro , May Lindsey , Han Dong , Aeschbacher Thomas , Chang Silvia , Martin Ross , Mo Hongmei , Feierbach Becket
Published: August 2022

The existing cell culture-based methods to study HBV have limitations and do not allow for viral long-term passage. In this study, an HBV genotype A clinical isolate was subjected to multiple rounds of UV treatment and passaged in an optimized PHH/human fibroblast coculture system.
Cryo-EM Structure and Functional Studies of EBNA1 Binding to the Family of Repeats and Dyad Symmetry Elements of Epstein-Barr Virus
oriP
Authors: Mei Yang , Messick Troy E. , Dheekollu Jayaraju , Kim Hee Jong , Molugu Sudheer , Muñoz Leonardo Josué Castro , Moiskeenkova-Bell Vera , Murakami Kenji , Lieberman Paul M.
Published: August 2022

EBV latent infection is causally linked to diverse cancers and autoimmune disorders. EBNA1 is the viral-encoded DNA binding protein required for episomal maintenance during latent infection and is consistently expressed in all EBV tumors.
Specific Monoclonal Antibodies Targeting Unique HA Epitopes Block H7N9 Influenza A Viral Replication
Authors: Shen Wentao , Wang Qian , Wang Zhengxiang , Liu Minxuan , Du Yingying , Yuan Lvfeng , Han Lu , Smietanka Krzysztof , Chen Hualan , Xu Shuai , Zhu Qiyun
Published: August 2022

In 2013, H7N9 influenza viruses appeared in China and other countries resulting in more than 1,500 individual infections or death. There are still limited studies on vaccines or drugs for humans against H7N9 influenza viruses.
Community Dynamics in Structure and Function of Honey Bee Gut Bacteria in Response to Winter Dietary Shift
Authors: Li Chenyi , Tang Min , Li Xingan , Zhou Xin
Published: August 2022

The abilities to survive winter and to adapt to major food changes are key traits that have enabled successful range expansion of the honey bees from the tropic to temperate climate. Our results highlighted a new possibility that gut bacteria may have played an important role in host survival of the severe winter condition.
CD55 Facilitates Immune Evasion by Borrelia crocidurae, an Agent of Relapsing Fever
Authors: Arora Gunjan , Lynn Geoffrey E. , Tang Xiaotian , Rosen Connor E. , Hoornstra Dieuwertje , Sajid Andaleeb , Hovius Joppe W. , Palm Noah W. , Ring Aaron M. , Fikrig Erol
Published: August 2022

Borreliaspecies are causative agents of Lyme disease and relapsing fever infections in humans.B. crociduraecauses one of the most prevalent relapsing fever infections in parts of West Africa. In the endemic regions,B. crociduraeis present in ~17% of the ticks and ~11% of the rodents that serve as reservoirs.
Dual Targeting Factors Are Required for LXG Toxin Export by the Bacterial Type VIIb Secretion System
Authors: Klein Timothy A. , Grebenc Dirk W. , Shah Prakhar Y. , McArthur Owen D. , Dickson Brandon H. , Surette Michael G. , Kim Youngchang , Whitney John C.
Published: August 2022

Type VIIb secretion systems (T7SSb) are protein secretion machines used by an array of Gram-positive bacterial genera, including
Staphylococcus
,
Streptococcus
,
Bacillus
, and
Enterococcus
. These bacteria use the T7SSb to facilitate interbacterial killing and pathogenesis through the secretion of toxins.
An Improved 1.5-Gigabase Draft Assembly of Massospora cicadina (Zoopagomycota), an Obligate Fungal Parasite of 13- and 17-Year Cicadas
Authors: Stajich Jason E. , Lovett Brian , Ettinger Cassandra L. , Carter-House Derreck A. , Kurbessoian Tania , Kasson Matt T.
Published: August 2022

A 1.488-Gb draft genome sequence was assembled for the fungus
Massospora cicadina
, an obligate parasite of periodical cicadas. The
M. cicadina
genome has experienced massive expansion via transposable elements (TEs), which account for 92% of the genome.
Association of Cervical Dysbacteriosis, HPV Oncogene Expression, and Cervical Lesion Progression
Authors: Liu Hang , Liang Hua , Li Di , Wang Ming , Li Yan
Published: August 2022

The main findings of this study were that we clarified the associations of the different bacterial species with the expression of human papillomavirus (HPV) oncogenes at different stages of cervical cancer. Along with the severity of cervical lesions, the abundance of the genus and species of
Lactobacillus
obviously declined, while the aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, as well as the prevalence and expression of HPV E6/E7 oncogene, were increased dramatically.
Spatiotemporal Investigation of Antibiotic Resistance in the Urban Water Cycle Influenced by Environmental and Anthropogenic Activity
Authors: Tucker Keira , Mageiros Leonardos , Carstens Alno , Bröcker Ludwig , Archer Edward , Smith Katrin , Mourkas Evangelos , Pascoe Ben , Nel Daan , Meric Guillaume , Sheppard Samuel K. , Kasprzyk-Hordern Barbara , Botes Marelize , Feil Edward J. , Wolfaardt Gideon
Published: August 2022

The results from this study are of importance as they fill a gap in the data available on environmental AMR in South Africa to date. This study was done in parallel with co-investigators focusing on the prevalence of various antimicrobials at the same sites selected in our study, verifying that the sites that are influenced by informal settlements and WWTW influent had higher concentrations of antimicrobials and antimicrobial metabolites.
Constraint on the temperature of A-type magma from contact metamorphic aureole, Biesituobie batholith, West Junggar in NW China, Central Asian Orogenic Belt
Authors: Chen Yichao , Liu Jiahui , Zhou Renjie , Xiao Wenjiao , Zhang Ji’en , Zhang Zhiyong , Zhang Qian W.L. , Li Zhen M.G. , Wu Chunming
Published: August 2022

The Biesituobie A-type batholith in West Junggar in NW China of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt contains metapelite xenoliths derived from the contact metamorphic aureole. These xenoliths could be divided into two types: biotite-muscovite-andalusite hornfels and cordierite-alkaline feldspar-sillimanite-corundum gneiss, indicating prograde metamorphism. The phase equilibrium modeling on the cordierite-alkaline feldspar-sillimanite-corundum gneiss sample yielded a peak condition of P = 3.0−4.0 kbar, T = 760−800 °C. Similarly, the Na-in-cordierite geothermometer yielded a peak condition of T = 771−780 °C. The temperature of the peak metamorphism could be considered as a lower limit of the temperature of the Biesituobie A-type batholith. On the contrary, the Ti-in-zircon geothermometer applied to the Biesituobie A-type batholith zircons yields a mean temperature of 672 ± 22 °C. It suggested that the application of Ti-in-zircon geothermometer on A-type magma may involve a >100 °C underestimation. Zircon U-Pb dating indicates that the age of the contact metamorphism is between 263 and 286 Ma, consistent with the age of the pluton at 274 Ma. The result of 760−800 °C calculated from the contact metamorphic aureole of the Biesituobie batholith put a lower limit on considering the temperature condition of the A-type granite series from a metamorphic constraint.