bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Responsible Tech Innovation Through Design: A Participative, Reflective, and Systemic Approach
Authors: Vita Jane , Mäkelä Tiina , Leinonen Teemu
Published: January 2025

Technological progress has offered humanity many opportunities, though innovators need to gain knowledge in anticipating the impacts of their creations and dedicate themselves to more caring strategies, as many times technological advancements cause harm to the environment and people. In addition, organizations tend to respond to business externalities reactively, which has proven unsustainable. Understanding and identifying biases and expanding learning during the technological innovation process are essential to prevent unintended consequences. The future of responsible technology relies on achieving a more holistic view and enabling more systemic, sustainable, and responsible strategies. This study presents the formation of a substantive theory that explores the phenomena and development needs for designers successfully support responsibility in the technological innovation process. It reviews and compares designerly strategy models, methods, and frameworks. More concretely, it presents the process for defining a theoretical and methodological approach for a responsible, participatory, reflective, and systemic design.
THE ROLE OF MYTHOLOGICAL CREATURES IN THE C.S LEWIS’ THE LION, THE WITCH, AND THE WARDROBE: EXPLORING SYMBOLISM AND THEMES
Authors: Yuniawan Adinda , Prameswari Anggita , Fitriyah Fitriyah
Published: January 2025

Literary works have always been influenced by mythological traditions, which offer a wealth of symbolism and thematic complexity. The research aims to analyse the novel's characters, themes, and symbols. With an emphasis on how the incorporation of mythological themes enriches the novel's moral and spiritual aspects, this research explores the function of literary tradition and mythology in C.S. Lewis's The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe. The research uses a descriptive qualitative method. The steps for collecting and analysing data are reading the novel, categorizing and identifying the characters, and then analyse them. The study identifies eleven mythological characters and analyse their symbolic roles. The characters are Mr. Tumnus, The White Witch, Ginnarbrik, Mr. and Mrs Beavers, Maugrim, Santa Claus, Aslan, Centaurs, Giants, Dryads and Naiads, and Werewolf. The benefit of the research is to provide a greater knowledge of how mythology continues to impact modern literature and our understanding of human nature by evaluating the ways in which Lewis creates the characters and shapes the plot by drawing on mythical traditions.
EXPLORING THE TEMOKAN TRADITION IN JAVANESE WEDDINGS: AN ANTHROPOLINGUISTIC APPROACH
Authors: Ramadhayani Nanda , Perangin-angin Alemina Br , Mulyani Rozanna
Published: January 2025

This study explores the textual, contextual, and non-contextual elements of the Temokan tradition, a vital aspect of Javanese traditional wedding ceremonies. Specifically, it examines the interplay between text, co-text, and context within these ceremonial performances. Data were collected through interviews with informants and analyzed using a descriptive qualitative method combined with an ethnographic approach. The research identifies 10 distinct performances and 10 associated texts, involving 8 types of objects classified based on their co-textual features. The co-text in the Temokan tradition includes material elements such as objects used in the ceremonies, the spatial arrangement and distance between participants, and gestures that convey symbolic meaning. Contextual elements encompass ideological, social, cultural, and situational factors, illustrating the depth and richness of the tradition. These elements are further embedded with values and norms, including religious, logical, ethical, and aesthetic dimensions. Norms such as etiquette, customary practices, legal expectations, and habitual behaviors further reflect the tradition's cultural significance. From an anthropolinguistic perspective, the study highlights key performances such as Gantalan Sadak, Wiji Dadi, Wiji Suku, Sindur Binayang, Pangkon Timbang, Tanduring Pengantin, Kacar-Kucur, Dahar Kembul, Martuwi, and Sungkeman. These performances encapsulate the symbolic, cultural, and social meanings that sustain the Temokan tradition's role in preserving Javanese identity and heritage. This research contributes to understanding how linguistic and cultural practices interweave in traditional ceremonies.
THE TRANSLATION OF IMPLICIT COMPLIMENTS IN SUBTITLE OF BUMI MANUSIA: CROSS-CULTURAL PRAGMATICS
Authors: Damayanti Alfira Andini , Sudarwati Emy
Published: January 2025

Implicit compliments were one of the speech acts forms, often found in high-context cultures such as Indonesia, in which implicitly attributed credit to someone other than the speaker, conveying admiration indirectly.  The study aimed to provide a new perspective that not only contributed to the existing literature on cross-cultural pragmatics and translation studies, but also addressed the possible challenges posed by implicit compliments in movie translation in terms of Indonesian cultural context. The data for this study were collected by watching the movie “Bumi Manusia” on Netflix, observing both the original Indonesian dialogue and the English subtitles. Through the analysis, the study identified two main types of implicit compliments, those referring to achievements and those involving comparisons based on Boyle's (2000) framework. From the 28 data collected, the findings indicated that translators employed several translation procedures proposed by Newmark (1988), such as modulation, transposition, transference, and cultural equivalence to convey the meaning of implicit compliments. Furthermore, this study also highlighted the inherent challenges associated with the translation of implicit compliments, particularly in terms of cultural and linguistic aspects, including symbolic cultural meaning, language structure, and culturally specific terms.
EXAMINING ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING CHALLENGES IN SULAYMANIYAH PRIMARY SCHOOLS: A COMPARATIVE CASE STUDY
Authors: Muhammed Areen Ahmed
Published: January 2025

This research investigates the challenges faced by primary school students in Sulaymaniyah City/Kurdistan Region/Iraq in learning English, focusing on both public and private schools. The main objective of the research is to discover the contradictory approaches to English language learning among primary school students, particularly concerning the influence of teachers and the surrounding educational environment in public and private primary schools in Kurdistani Iraq. By analyzing data collected through questionnaires (n=100) which were 15 statements to be answered and interviews (n=4) with students and teachers which were 3 questions to be asked, the research highlights significant differences in the English language learning experiences between public and private schools. The key findings of this research reveal that students’ proficiency in English is influenced by various factors, including their motivation, family background, and school environment. Moreover, teachers’ instructional methods play a crucial role, as students benefit from engaging and diverse teaching strategies. Furthermore, the research underscores that a supportive and well-resourced learning environment—characterized by adequate classroom facilities, minimal noise, and effective teaching materials—significantly impacts students’ ability to learn English. The research suggests that enhancing teacher training, updating classroom resources, and fostering supportive home environments could improve English language learning outcomes for students across both types of schools. Overall, this comparative case study provides valuable insights into how different educational contexts influence English language acquisition. The research offers recommendations for improving educational practices in primary schools generally and public schools, specifically in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq.
ANALISIS TINGKAT KERAWANAN BANJIR, KECAMATAN PALARAN, KOTA SAMARINDA, PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TIMUR
Authors: Sari Putri Kurnia
Published: January 2025

Secara administratif, lokasi penelitian ini berada di Kecamatan Palaran, Kota Samarinda, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat kerawanan banjir yang terdapat pada Kecamatan Palaran. Analisis tingkat kerawanan banjir dilakukan menggunakan SIG (Sistem Informasi Geografi), dengan melakukan penskoran pada tiap parameter yaitu kemiringan lereng, ketinggian (elevasi), jenis tanah, curah hujan, penggunaan lahan, dan buffer sungai, kemudian setiap parameter yang digunakan diberi bobot dan dilakukan overlay untuk mendapatkan kelas-kelas dari kerawanan banjir.Tingkat kerawanan banjir didominasi dengan daerah terancam hingga rawan. Pada daerah terancam memiliki luas 9827,37 ha dengan persentase 51,49%, pada daerah rawan memiliki luas 2227,15 ha dengan persentase 11,67%. Faktor geologi yang mempengaruhi daerah banjir yaitu geomorfologi, dimana didominasi oleh kemiringan lereng yang landai hingga datar berkisar 0 hingga 15%, sedangkan jenis tanah di dominasi oleh jenis tanah aluvial.
APLIKASI METODE TURUNAN KEDUA VERTIKAL DATA GRAVITASI UNTUK INTERPPRETASI SESAR CUGENANG, JAWA BARAT
Authors: Farrasha Muthia , Yeri Nazhifah Ananda , Dani Ilham , Rasimeng Syamsurijal
Published: January 2025

Wilayah Cianjur di Jawa Barat menjadi subjek studi geologi yang bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi sesar dengan menggunakan metode gayaberat. Beberapa penelitian telah difokuskan pada fitur struktural dan identifikasi sesar di area ini. Selain itu, sebuah studi lain difokuskan pada mengidentifikasi sub-cekungan dan struktur sesar subsurface melalui analisis turunan dan pemodelan 2D ataupun 3D menggunakan metode gayaberat. Studi-studi ini mencerminkan pentingnya memahami struktur geologi dan sistem sesar di wilayah Cianjur, yang sangat penting untuk menilai bahaya seismik dan mengurangi risiko yang terkait. Wilayah Cianjur dilintasi oleh Sesar Cugenang, menjadikan wilayah ini rawan terhadap bahaya gempabumi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Gayaberat untuk memetakan distribusi densitas bawah permukaan daerah penelitian. Pemetaan distribusi densitas dapat memberikan informasi tambahan mengenai anomali gayaberat di daerah penelitian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan pola daerah sesar Cugenang dengan menggunakan data gayaberat metode Second Vertical Derivative (SVD). Pengolahan menggunakan metode Parasnis diperoleh estimasi nilai densitas permukaan sebesar 2,42 gram/cm3 dan Anomali Bouguer Lengkap yang berada pada rentang nilai 150 mGal sampai 450 mGal. Setelah didapatkan anomali residual, dilakukan analisis FHD dan SVD untuk mengidentifikasi struktur bawah permukaan yang menghasilkan sekitar 4 struktur yang teridentifikasi pada hasil pengolahan.
ANALISIS MIKROFASIES BATUGAMPING DAERAH BATU CERMIN FORMASI BEBULUH, KOTA SAMARINDA, PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TIMUR
Authors: Mangalik Dian
Published: January 2025

Daerah penelitian berada di daerah Batu cermin, kelurahan Sempaja Utara, kecamatan Samarinda Utara, Kota Samarinda, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur. Daerah Batu Cermin merupakan salah satu penyumbang batugamping bahan bangunan untuk daerah Samarinda dan sekitarnya. Saat ini keberadaan batugamping dalam bentuk singkapan berangsur habis karena masifnya penambangan batugamping sehingga perlunya penelitian yang berfokus pada batugamping pada daerah tersebut sehingga informasi mengenai segala aspek yang mencakup batugamping dapat didokumentasikan melalui hasil penelitian yang dilakukan dengan tujuan utama penelitian yaitu menentukan fasies dengan klasifikasi (Dunham, 1962) dan klasifikasi (Embry & Clovan, 1971) serta menentukan lingkungan pengendapan batugamping yang mengacu pada mengacu pada Standard Microfacies (SMF) menurut Flügel (1982) lalu dihubungkan dengan Zona Fasies menurut (Wilson, 1975). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deksriptif dan analisis. Metode deskriptif dilakukan untuk membuat prediksi dan mendapatkan manfaat dari suatu permasalahan yang akan dipecahkan, sedangkan untuk metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis petrografi, analisis mikrofasies, analisis dan analisis stratigrafi. Hasil pengamatan lapangan dan laboratorium melalui pendeskripsian diketahui pada daerah Batu Cermin tersusun atas satuan fasies batulanau, satuan fasies floatstone, satuan fasies wackestone, satuan fasies grainstone  dan satuan fasies batupasir. mengacu pada Standard Microfacies (SMF) menurut Flügel (1982) berada pada SMF 8 dan SMF 11 Jika dihubungkan dengan Facies Zone (FZ)  menurut (Wilson, 1975) Batugamping di daerah penelitian terendapkan pada lingkungan FZ 7 (Open Marine) dan FZ 6 (Platform Margin Sand Shoals).
PENENTUAN MORFOLOGI BENTUKLAHAN DENGAN ANALISIS ASPEK GEOMORFOLOGI MENGGUNAKAN DATA SPASIAL DAN DATA LAPANGAN DAERAH BHUANA JAYA DAN SEKITARNYA
Authors: Sasmito Koeshadi , Rindawati Puspa Indah
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini  bertujuan untuk untuk melakukan pemetaan geomorfologi yang di dalamnya akan memperoleh variasi bentuklahan, kemiringan lereng, analisis jenis dan pola pengaliran yang berkembang di daerah penelitian. Topografi atau kemiringan lereng merupakan pengontrol bagaimana jenis aliran yang akan terbentuk. Daerah penelitian memiliki morfografi datar sampai tegak, dimana morfografi datar sangat mendominasi pada daerah penelitian mencangkup 60% dengan aspek kuantitatif 0-2%. Morfografi landai mencangkup 20% dengan aspek kuantitatifnya 2-7%. Morfografi miring memiliki 15% dengan apsek kuantitatif 7-15%. Sedangkan aspek morfografi tegak mencangkup 5%, dengan nilai kuantitatif lebih besar dari 140%. Dari beberapa faktor tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa pola pengaliran yang berkembang di daerah penelitian adalah pola pengaliran Subdendritik (Howard, 1967). Morfologi daerah penelitian terdapat 3 bentuk asal yang terbagi menjadi 5 satuan bentuklahan yaitu  terdiri dari bentuklahan perbukitan terkikis bergelombang sedang (D1), perbukitan terkikis bergelombang kuat (D2), dataran bekas rawa(F1), dataran alluvial (F2) dan bentuklahan tambang terpakai (A1) dasar pembagian yang digunakan adalah menurut morfografi, morfometri, morfostruktur pasif, morfostruktur aktif, dan morfokronologi menurut Van Zuidam (1983).
Gaining Effective Profitability with Training in Factory Overhead Cost Calculation for Printing Businesses
Authors: Wati Yenny , Yusrizal Yusrizal , Irman Mimelientesa , Fadrul Fadrul , Renaldo Nicholas
Published: January 2025

Inadequate information and the ineffective ability to distribute factory overhead costs to determine production costs might lead to lower-than-optimal earnings. This problem is the basis for this PKM action because the business owner's intended strategy is ineffective. This PKM activity wants to assist and boost efficiency in obtaining profits for printing entrepreneurs by developing knowledge and capacity to accurately calculate the cost of production, particularly factory overhead costs, to estimate a business's profit or loss each period. The approaches used in this PKM action include empowerment, instruction, and practice. On Saturday, September 7, 2024, the owner of a printing business and three of his employees participated in PKM offline. In line with evaluation findings, instruction, and practice boosted competency by 75%. This improved ability is the outcome of mistakes being identified through offline instruction and the PKM team suggesting fixing any difficulties that exist. This PKM action can maximize the annual profit gained for the printing business's long-term viability. This PKM was held so that the printing business may develop, improve, and actively contribute more to Indonesia's economic growth.Pengetahuan yang minim dan kemampuan mengalokasikan biaya overhead pabrik yang tidak efektif dalam menentukan harga pokok produksi dapat mengakibatkan laba yang diperoleh kurang optimal. Permasalahan tersebut menjadi dasar dilakukan kegiatan PKM ini karena strategi bisnis yang direncanakan oleh pemilik usaha menjadi tidak tepat. Kegiatan PKM ini bertujuan untuk membantu dan meningkatkan efisiensi dalam pencapaian laba bagi pelaku usaha percetakan dengan meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kemampuan dalam menentukan biaya produksi khususnya biaya overhead pabrik secara akurat untuk mengetahui besarnya laba maupun rugi suatu bisnis setiap periodenya. Metode dalam kegiatan PKM ini adalah pemberdayaan, pelatihan, dan praktik. Pelaku usaha percetakan dan tiga orang pegawainya mengikuti PKM secara luring pada Sabtu, 7 September 2024. Bersumber pada data evaluasi, setelah latihan dan praktik, kemahiran berkembang sebesar 75%. Kemahiran yang meningkat tersebut disebabkan kekeliruan bisa diketahui dalam pelatihan secara luring dan tim PKM menyampaikan rekomendasi untuk membenahi kekeliruan yang terjadi. Kegiatan PKM ini bisa mengoptimalkan pendapatan laba yang diperoleh setiap tahun berjalan untuk kelangsungan usaha percetakan. PKM ini diadakan agar usaha percetakan dapat berkembang, meningkat, dan berperan aktif dalam pertumbuhan perekonomian Indonesia.
Optimization of Assik Website Services (Arek Suroboyo Siap Kerjo) in Expanding Employment Opportunities in Surabaya
Authors: Rufianty Zahwa Dalya , Takarini Nurjanti
Published: January 2025

Unemployment remains a major issue in Surabaya, despite a decline in the Open Unemployment Rate (TPT) over the past three years. This program aims to assist job seekers through direct mentoring and career counseling using the ASSIK Website (Arek Suroboyo Siap Kerjo). The methods include observation, guidance on CV and cover letter writing, and teaching how to utilize ASSIK. Assistance is routinely provided at the Surabaya City Department of Industry and Manpower, involving an average of 30 daily visitors. The study results indicate that 28 job seekers were satisfied with the services, gained an understanding of how to use the digital platform, and improved their readiness for the job selection process. Job placements managed by the Surabaya City Department of Industry and Manpower using the ASSIK Website showed a significant 30% increase compared to the previous year. Challenges include limiteds service capacity and the need to enhance ASSIK features. Recommendations include implementing an efficient queuing system and offering virtual mentoring services to reach more job seekers.

Pengangguran tetap menjadi isu utama di Kota Surabaya meskipun telah menjadi penurunan Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka (TPT) dalam tiga tahun terakhir. Program ini bertujuan mendukung pencari kerja dengan memanfaatkan Website ASSIK (Arek Suroboyo Siap Kerjo) melalui pendampingan langsung dan konseling karir. Metode yang digunakan mencakup observasi, bimbingan penyusunan CV dan surat lamaran, serta bimbingan cara menggunakan Website ASSIk. Pendampingan dilakukan secara rutin di Dinas Perindustrian dan Tenaga Kerja Kota Surabaya dengan melibatkan 30 pengunjung harian. Hasil dari penelitian, 28 pencari kerja merasa puas dengan layanan, pemahaman cara menggunakan platform digital dan kesiapan menghadpi proses seleksi kerja. Penempatan kerja yang dikelola Dinas Perindustrian dan Tenaga Kerja Kota Surabaya melalui penggunaan Website ASSIK menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan sebesar 30% dibanding tahun sebelumnya. Namun, tantangan yang dihadapi meliputi keterbatasan kapasitas layanan dan kebutuhan pengembangan fitur ASSIK. Disarankan untuk mengimplementasi sistem antrian lebih efisien dan menyediakan layanan pendampingan virtual untuk menjangkau lebih banyak pencari kerja.
Raising Environmental Awareness: Plastic Pollution Awareness and Handling Training
Authors: Eunike Prisca , Yuliawati Livia , Sandjaja Meilani
Published: January 2025

Plastic Bank Indonesia (PBI) has done trainings and evaluated its results through two modules and tests. However, it does not yet have a standardized tool to evaluate the participants’ understanding.Therefore, the purpose of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of PBI’s trainings across two modules in order to develop a standardized tool for evaluation. This is quantitative research with a quasi-experimental design involving one experimental group without a control group and using post-test measurement only. The participants of the experinmental group are heads of warehouses and plastic collectors who received training and tests by PBI. Results show that the average score of the test falls into the category of Average and Good using an ideal norm, indicating that this training was effective in raising participants’ awareness of plastic waste. Results of the t-test show that there is no significant difference between the average scores of heads of warehouses (N=220) and plastic collectors (N=678). However, the results of the distractor test show that the majority of items are not a good distractor, which indicates that the test is still quite easy. Based on the reliability test, the majority of items have a moderate reliability (Cronbach’s alpha .5 to .7). The implication of these findings is that ineffective distractors should be revised to enhance the accuracy of evaluating participants’ understanding.

Plastic Bank Indonesia (PBI) telah melakukan beberapa pelatihan dan mengevaluasi hasilnya melalui tes yang dilangsungkan dalam dua modul. Namun sejauh ini masih belum memiliki alat ukur untuk mengevaluasi pemahaman peserta pelatihan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur efektivitas pelatihan yang dilakukan PBI dalam modul 1 dan 2 dengan harapan agar terdapat alat ukur yang baku untuk digunakan sebagai saran evaluasi. Metode penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan desain kuasi-eksperimen dengan satu kelompok eksperimen tanpa ada kelompok kontrol dengan pengukuran post-test saja. Sebanyak 898 peserta kelompok eksperimen yaitu kepala gudang dan kolektor di Indonesia yang diberikan pelatihan lalu diminta mengisi tes. Hasil rata-rata skor tes masuk dalam kategori Cukup dan Baik menggunakan normal ideal sehingga pelatihan ini efektif untuk menumbuhkan pemahaman peserta pelatihan. Hasil uji beda menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan signifikan antara rata-rata kepala gudang (N=220) dan kolektor plastik (N=678). Namun, hasil uji distraktor menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas butir tes masih memiliki distraktor yang kurang baik yang mengindikasikan bahwa pertanyaan tes tergolong mudah. Dari hasil uji reliabilitas, mayoritas butir tes memiliki reliabilitas sedang (Cronbach’s alpha .5 sampai .7). Implikasi dari hasil ini distraktor yang kurang baik dapat direvisi untuk meningkatkan evaluasi pemahaman peserta yang lebih akurat.
Source material for naked barley breeding in the Northwest of the Russian Federation
Authors: Lukina K. A. , Loskutov I. G. , Khoreva V. I. , Kovaleva O. N.
Published: January 2025

Background. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is the earliest in maturity and most flexible cereal crop, with a wide variety of forms. There are the groups of covered and naked varieties within the cultivated barley species. The interest in naked barley has currently re-emerged due to easy separation of floral glumes from the kernel during threshing and increased content of biochemical components. However, breeders in Russia are still paying much less attention to naked barleys that they do to covered ones.

Materials and methods. In 2021–2023, 271 naked barley accessions from the VIR collection were studied in the experimental field of Pushkin and Pavlovsk Laboratories of VIR. The set included two-row (115 accessions) and six-row (156 accessions) barleys of various ecogeographic origin. Their growing season duration, yield, and protein content were analyzed.

Results. Field and laboratory studies resulted in making agrobiological descriptions of the accessions and identifying sources of individual agronomic traits (earliness, high yield, and good grain quality) and their combinations under the conditions of the Russian Northwest. The diversity of naked barleys of various origin was shown for all the studied traits.

Conclusion. Twelve ultra-early and 53 early naked barley accessions were selected as potential sources of earliness for breeders. Ten two-row and 10 six-row accessions were identified as high-yielding, while 8 two-row and 15 six-row accessions had the highest protein content (above 20%). Correlations among the studied traits were specified for the studied set of naked barleys. The selected source material will be offered to the leading breeding centers of Russia for the development of new cultivars with desired traits.
Apricot cultivars approved for production in Chelyabinsk Province
Authors: Gasymov F. M.
Published: January 2025

Background. The life in an industrial region, with hard labor and harmful emissions from enterprises, is far from healthy, so high-quality and vitamin-rich diets are needed. Apricot fruits are considered among the most beneficial for human health, due to their high nutritional value, rich biochemical composition, and diverse vitamin content. They are consumed fresh or processed into juices, fruit drinks, jams, candies or dried fruits. One of the ways to meet the demand for fresh fruits is to introduce apricot cultivars adapted to local conditions.

Materials and methods. The study was targeted at local and introduced apricot cultivars planted in 2008–2009. Conventional methods were applied to assess them for winter hardiness and yield in 2020–2023. The analysis of variance with Microsoft Excel was used for statistical processing of the results.

Results and conclusion. The results of apricot breeding and variety studies under the conditions of Chelyabinsk Province are analyzed. In the framework of the apricot breeding program launched in the Southern Urals, the breeding sources and cultivars from the collection of the South Ural Research Institute of Horticulture and Potato Growing were tested to assess their winter hardiness and yield potential. As a result of breeding efforts, new adaptable apricot cultivars ‘Uralets’ and ‘Prizer’ were released and included in the State Register for Selection Achievements Admitted for Usage in 2022 and 2023, respectively. The economic indicators of these cultivars (profitability ratios are 220.2% for ‘Uralets’ and 233.9% for ‘Prizer’) witness to their suitability for both commercial and amateur cultivation in Chelyabinsk Province.
Molecular screening of rare cucurbit accessions for the presence of markers for genes and QTls controlling resistance to powdery mildew
Authors: Markova E. N. , Berensen F. A. , Gashkova I. V. , Antonova O. Yu.
Published: January 2025

Powdery mildew (Podosphaera xanthii (Castagne) Braun & Shishkoff ) is considered the most common disease of cucurbitaceous crops, especially in the northwestern and southern regions of Russia. For example, in Krasnodar Territory, the largest domestic squash producer, the damage from powdery mildew reaches 20–40%, which leads to significant economic losses. A possible solution to this problem is to increase the resistance of host plants to pathogens by introducing resistance genes from wild species or rare crop relatives, since other options, including the use of fungicides, can disrupt ecosystems and harm living organisms. Marker-assisted molecular breeding techniques make it possible to quickly identify necessary DNA fragments in order to find resistant and susceptible forms of donor plants. Assuming the presence of original genes for resistance to powdery mildew in rare cucurbits, we conducted molecular screening of 50 sponge gourd (Luffa cylindrica M. Roem.), 50 bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.), and 10 Cucumis sp. accessions from the VIR collection for the presence of 15 markers of powdery mildew resistance genes known for widespread and rare cucurbitaceous crops, and clarified the effectiveness of 3 molecular markers.
THE VALUE OF SUBAHNALE IDENTITY IN THE DIGITAL DESIGN MATARAM CITY REGIONAL ELECTION MASCOT
Authors: Hasbullah Hasbullah , Swandi I Wayan , Udayana Anak Agung Gde Bagus , Dewi Alit Kumala
Published: January 2025

Subahnale’s existence is not only in digital mascot designs but is widely used by the younger generation in illustration designs and others. However, what values are contained in Subahnale’s motives in communicating in the Mataram city elections? This research aims to examine the value of Subahnale’s identity in the digital design of the Mataram City Pilkada mascot. Using qualitative methods, data collection was carried out through interviews, visual analysis of Subahnale motifs, and literature reviews and was based on Roland Barthes' semiotic theory. The research results show that Subahnale’s mascot design will increase its aesthetic appeal. Subahnale is digitally relevant in modern visual communication, demonstrating emotional value that encourages community involvement and strengthens local identity. The implications of the results of this research strengthen the political value of branding in safe, honest, and fair regional election activities.
The Sullivan Principles as a Way to Struggle Against the Apartheid Regime in South Africa
Authors: Sidorenko Leonid
Published: January 2025

The article covers the history of the foundation and application of the Sullivan Principles, proposed in 1977 as a voluntary set of rules for corporate social responsibility of American companies operating in South Africa, which, according to their compiler, were supposed to accelerate the elimination of the apartheid regime. The author of the article examines the biography of Leon Sullivan, an African-American activist for racial equality, who relied on nonviolent methods of struggle, which predetermined the concept of the Sullivan Principles as a way of peaceful corporate pressure on the apartheid regime. Although Sullivan’s initiative was not totally original, being based on the experiment of Polaroid Corporation, it turned out to be a convenient solution for American companies, which, accepting the Principles, freed themselves from the reputational losses connected to the cooperation with the apartheid regime while continuing to reap the profits from their businesses in South Africa. But by the early 1980s, due to increased public pressure on the US authorities and because of their passivity in introducing comprehensive measures against South Africa, the Sullivan Principles became an object of criticism. That is why their author began to toughen his position, joining the supporters of full-fledged economic sanctions in 1987. Thus, the Sullivan Principles turned out to be a very limited method of fighting apartheid, beneficial to corporations, and significant only in the absence of opposition to the racist regime by the US authorities. However, after the fall of the apartheid regime, the Principles did not lose their relevance, and in 1999, under the auspices of the United Nations, they were updated as the Global Sullivan Principles, designed to improve corporate ethics around the world.
Ten Simple Rules for Being a Co-author on a Many-Author Non-Empirical Paper
Authors: Kohrs Friederike E. , Drude Natascha Ingrid , Bandrowski Anita , Weissgerber Tracey Lynn
Published: January 2025

Many-author non-empirical papers include “how to” articles, recommendations or consensus statements, roadmaps for future research, catalogs of ideas, or calls to action. These papers benefit the research community and broader academic ecosystem by addressing unmet needs or introducing new perspectives and approaches. Large, diverse authorship teams that examine an issue from many different perspectives can create valuable resources that individual co-authors could not develop independently, or in smaller groups. Realizing the potential of many-author non-empirical papers, however, requires very different strategies than researchers would typically use to write papers with fewer authors. A core team of lead writers typically work together to lead the content generation and writing processes, while many co-authors collaboratively create content and provide feedback on outlines and drafts. Challenges for co-authors may include learning to write a different type of paper, adapting to high volume feedback, and understanding the very diverse perspectives shared by fellow co-authors. This paper outlines ten simple rules for being a co-author on a many-author non-empirical paper. Although the rules were developed for papers with at least 30 authors, some rules may be useful for many-author research papers, or for non-empirical papers with fewer authors. Co-authors may also want to consult our companion paper on ten simple rules for leading a many-author non-empirical paper, as understanding the challenges faced by lead writers will help co-authors to contribute more efficiently and effectively.
Integrating Virtual Reality and Cognitive Neuroscience: Enhancing Learning Outcomes Through α5-GABAA Receptor Modulation
Authors: Lawson Ethan , Carter Liam , Johnson Alexander , Baston George
Published: January 2025

Virtual reality (VR) has emerged as a transformative tool in healthcare and educational research, offering immersive environments for clinical training and cognitive neuroscience investigations. This study examines the intersection of VR applications and cognitive neuroscience, emphasizing the role of VR in modulating neurophysiological pathways critical for learning and adaptation. Specifically, we focus on the α5-GABAA receptor, which is instrumental in mediating synaptic plasticity and memory consolidation processes. Recent findings suggest that VR-based interventions can influence α5-GABAA receptor activity, thereby enhancing cognitive outcomes and alleviating stress associated with high-stakes clinical scenarios. By integrating VR with neurobiological mechanisms, such as the modulation of inhibitory neurotransmission, this review explores its potential to bridge the gap between theoretical learning and practical applications in healthcare education. The findings aim to establish a framework for designing VR experiences that optimize both user engagement and neurocognitive efficacy.
Thermoelectric generators versus photovoltaic solar panels: Power and cost analysis
Authors: Marzouk Osama Ahmed
Published: January 2025

In the current study, the concept of building a power plant using thermoelectric generator (TEG) modules is investigated, both technically and economically. The hypothesized thermoelectric generation power plant is a modular system, consisting of a large array of electrically connected thermoelectric generator units for generating clean electricity with-out greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, noise, or hazardous solid wastes. The envisioned thermoelectric generation power plant (TEGPP) considered here is assumed to utilize solar radiation as a heat source, and water as a heat sink. The viability of such a concept is examined in the current study based on available specifications of a high-output thermo-electric generator module released in the market (TEG1-24111-6.0). Benchmarking is carried out considering a high-efficiency photovoltaic (PV) panel in the market (SunPower SPR-MAX3-400), assuming that it operates under standard solar radiation of 1,000 W, and with a standard panel temperature of 25 °C, causing it to give an output electric power of 400 W (DC or direct current). It is found that in order to have an electric power of a thermoelectric generator unit similar to that of a photovoltaic panel of equal surface area, the temperature at the hot side of the thermoelectric generator unit should be about 70 °C if the cold-side temperature is 30 °C. However; under this output power equivalence, the price of the thermoelectric generator unit is about 90 times that of a photovoltaic panel of equal size (based on prices of October 2023). At an elevated hot-side temperature of 300 °C for the thermoelectric generator unit (with the cold-side temperature being still 30 °C), the thermoelectric generator unit can generate electric power that is about 25 times the power generated by a photovoltaic panel of an equal geometric area. This big boost in the output power still does not counteract the large cost difference be-tween the thermoelectric generator technology and the photovoltaic technology, where the per-watt(electric) cost in the case of thermoelectric generators is 3.5 times its value in the case of photovoltaic panels. Thus, the TEG technology in its intensified generation mode is still relatively more expensive compared to the PV technology. The practical implications of the current study are excluding the thermoelectric generation (based on the Seebeck effect) concept from large-scale commercial power plants, and viewing thermoelectric generators as sources of small electric power for waste heat management or convenient power sources for small mobile devices.
Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions with Youth in K–12 Schools: The State of the Science
Authors: Phan Mary L. , Daehler Sarah , Renshaw Tyler L
Published: January 2025

This chapter provides an overview of research on mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) and compassion interventions (CIs) in K–12 schools. It begins by outlining the historical development and application of MBIs and CIs within educational settings. A summary of findings from systematic reviews, encompassing 11 reviews on MBIs and 7 on CIs with K–12 youth, is presented to highlight the current state of the science. The chapter concludes by discussing future directions for implementing and tailoring school-based MBIs and CIs to better support historically marginalized youth.
Metacognition in Motion: The Interplay Between Motor Evidence and Visual Information in Shaping Sensorimotor Confidence
Authors: Culot Catherine , Notebaert Wim , Gevers Wim
Published: January 2025

This study examines the role of internal motor signals and visual information in the detection of and confidence in Partial-errors (PEs), subtle endogenous motor corrections. Using electromyographic (EMG) recordings, we captured motor activations during a conflict task in which participants reported the presence of PEs and rated their confidence. Two experiments were conducted: Experiment 1 provided visible visual conflict through supraliminal primes, while Experiment 2 reduced visual feedback using subliminal primes. In both Experiments, participants demonstrated limited PE detection and above-chance metacognitive efficiency. Notably, when participants reported the absence of a PE, confidence was lower when a PE was actually present (unaware PE) compared to when there was no PE (correct rejection), suggesting implicit sensitivity to motor activation. Detection and confidence were systematically influenced by motor signals, with larger PE amplitudes and longer correction times leading to higher detection rates and confidence levels. However, a metacognitive bias emerged: confidence was paradoxically lower for detected PEs than for undetected ones, despite strong motor evidence. Visual information modulated the reliance on motor signals. In Experiment 2, where subliminal priming reduced visual feedback, motor signals had a more pronounced influence on both detection and confidence. These findings highlight the complementary roles of internal motor signals and external visual information in shaping sensorimotor confidence.
Analysis of settlement patterns of the Upper Zarrineh River Basin in the Iron Age III
Authors:   Islamic Azad University, Tehran Science and Research Branch, Salehiyeh Salar , Naderi Rahmat ,   Diyarmehr Institute for Paleolithic Research, Geravand Morteza ,   University of Tehran
Published: January 2025

The archaeological site of Ziwiye in the upper Zarrineh River basin is considered one of the key sites for understanding the cultural and political developments of Iron Age III societies of the northwest Iran. However, despite years of excavation at Ziwiye, key questions about this area still remain unanswered. It seems that sites such as Ziwiye, Qalaichi, Zandan-Soleimian, Rabat and Hasanlu indicate a widespread settlement pattern with a political centrality role in the northwestern Iran during the late Iron Age. The pattern in which the local states centered on these sites dominated the entire cultural and geographical area through regional interaction. Therefore, in the present research, with the archaeological survey of the Upper Zarrineh River Basin, focusing on the role and significance of Ziwiye in the political and cultural structure of this region, an attempt has been made to provide a model of regio­-
nal-political development to understand the developments of the late Iron Age in this region. The studied pottery from the field survey indicates that Ziwiye was not an isolated castle and had an organized cultural and political interaction with the surroun­ding archaeological sites. In order to understand the status of sites like Ziwiye in the geographical region of the northwestern Iran, in the first step it is necessary to determine its position in the more limited cultural area around it, in the Upper Zarrineh River basin, so that it is possible to recognize the status of Ziwiye in the area of complex cultural–political geography of northwestern Iran in the Iron Age III. Based on this, the study of the Upper Zarrineh River basin was undertaken. Although some studies had previously been conducted in this basin, to understand the settlement position of Ziwiye in relation to its surrounding sites, an archaeological survey around Hasanlu was carried out within a radius of 15 km in the mountains and 30 km in the plains, which is the same distance a horse rider could travel per day. The results of this research indicate that the Ziwiye site was the most important settlement in the upper Zarrineh River basin, which had political, military and cultural dominance over the surrounding area.
On the origin of certain Early Iron Age populations of Western Siberia. Part I. Synchronic analysis
Authors:   Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (the Kunstkamera) of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kozintsev Alexander
Published: January 2025

Ten male Early Iron Age cranial samples from Western Siberia — early Bol’shaya Rechka (Zavyalovo), three Kamen’, three Sargat, Gorokhovo, Kashino, and Kulay — were compared with 62 samples of the same period from adjacent territories using the D2 distance measure corrected for sample size. The distance matrix was subjected to nonmetric multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis. A new graphic method of combining two-dimensional representation with clustering is proposed. The vast majority of samples are arranged into two clusters, unequal in size. The morphologically “western” one includes 67 samples, the morphologically “eastern” one, four. All Western Siberian groups of the Early Iron Age, except Kulay, fall into the central part of the “western” cluster, evidently attesting to admixture between them; Kulay belongs to the “eastern” cluster, taking an isolated position within it. Within the “western” cluster”, two vectors of between-group variation are observed. The first one evidences admixture of two autochthonous components, Bol’shaya Rechka (Zavyalovo) and Kulay, with Saka immigrants. resulting in the emergence of the Kamen’ populations, among which the Novosibirsk population is not closer to Early Bol’shaya Rechka (Zavyalovo) but further from it than are the other two Kamen’ groups. The second vector mirrors the decline of the Andronovo component, mostly expressed in the Tagar samples. This vector links the Pazyryk group from the Ursul Ri­ver, obviously Tagar by origin, with Sargat, Kashino, and early Bol’shaya Rechka (Zavyalovo). The origin of the latter group could have been affected by pre-Sauromatians; that of Sargat and Kashino, by Sauromato-Sarmatian tribes. Gorokhovo is intermediate between the two vectors. Kulay is opposed to other Western Siberian populations, showing the highest concentration of eastern traits and resembling only two Altai-Sayan groups — Kopto and Kara-Koba. The Permian tendency of Kashino is not supported. Resemblance betweet Kamen’, early Sargat, and early Ananyino may be related to the “Uralic” tendency displayed by cranial nonmetrics in these Western Siberian groups.
Pigments from the cultural layer and the male burial of Sungir: preliminary results
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Zhitenev Vladislav , Lavrova Vladislava , Anisovets Yulia , Vinogradova Ekaterina , Statkus Mikhail
Published: January 2025

Mineral pigments are one of the most common categories of finds at the sites of the Upper Paleolithic. The authors’ approach to the study of pigments is based on a detailed study of all available samples. The results of the archaeological study are complemented by the results of natural science analyses and expand the understanding of the utilitarian and symbolic use of ochre on the sites of the Upper Paleolithic. Statistical processing of the results makes it possible to compare pigments from different areas of sites. The article presents the results of studying 36 samples of pigments from the cultural layer of Sungir, as well as personal ornaments. The presence of a clay component in a thick mass prepared and used for staining a funeral costume is demonstrated. The main features of the use of pigments characteristic to the Sungir settlements include the use for household purposes of both hard and soft types of ochre, up to suspensions of varying degrees of density. The domestic use of pigments finds wide analogies on the Early and Middle Upper Paleolithic European sites, including the use of ochre as a part of the mixture originating from the filling of hearth. However, so far no materials have been identified on Sungir for the reconstruction of the entire сhaîne opératoire for the preparation of colorful substances. The symbolic use of pigments in graphic activities and practices of coloring symbolic objects on Sungir has fully similar, but not identical features with the materials of the Pavlovian sites. This is especially evident in the field of burial rite organization (staining the bottom of the grave), the use of plastic mass for thick staining of clo­thing, headdress, and the application of some personal ornaments on it, possibly partially interconnected, in the preparation of mortuary clothing. The use of suspensions of varying degrees of density on Sungir materials is shown for the first time. The methods of placing ornaments on the head associated with the burial tradition, which have direct analogies in the Moravian Pavlovian materials, have also not been discussed before.
Migration and Farmland Abandonment in Nepal: A Systematic
Authors: Tiwari Pradip Raj
Published: January 2025

This systematic review aims to synthesize current knowledge on farmland abandonment in Nepal through the lens of migration. Specifically, it addresses the question: How does the existing literature on farmland abandonment incorporate migration issues in Nepal? By exploring this question, the review contributes to the broader discourse on the effects of migration on farmland abandonment, offering insights that can inform policy and research on land use and rural development in Nepal. The relationship between farmland abandonment and migration in Nepal is complex and multifaceted, driven by economic, social, cultural, environmental, and policy-related factors. The reviewed articles focused more on drivers of farmland abandonment and migration and treated the drivers rather than their cause-effect relationship on farmland abandonment. So, farmland abandonment research needs to focus on migration issues to gain a comprehensive understanding of the issues. By understanding these relations, stakeholders can develop integrated strategies to address migration and farmland abandonment, ensuring sustainable rural development in Nepal.
Infographics Of Review Process
Authors: Aryal Vijay
Published: January 2025

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