bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Percepción de la población sobre la función del área natural protegida xcacel xcacelito
Authors:   Universidad de Quintana Roo, Olivares Mendoza José Antonio , Pereira Corona Alberto ,   Universidad de Quintana Roo, Prezas Hernández Benito ,   Universidad de Quintana Roo
Published: May 2022

Las Áreas Naturales Protegidas (ANP´s) son fundamentales para la conservación de espacios importantes, por su diversidad biológica. Desde su decreto de creación en el año de 1998 como ANP, Xcacel Xcacelito ha concentrado sus esfuerzos en la protección de la tortuga marina, obteniendo excelentes resultados. Sin embargo, es poca la información existente sobre la relación que tiene la ANP con la población que habita en las cercanías, habitantes que deberían ser los principales involucrados en tales acciones de preservación. Así, el objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la percepción de la población local sobre la función del ANP mediante tres aspectos: 1) su conocimiento de los quelonios, 2) la relación de uso o disfrute de la ANP por parte de dicha población, y 3) su participación en las actividades de la ANP. A través de la aplicación de encuestas a 371 entrevistados, distribuidos en tres localidades adyacentes a Xcacel Xcacelito, los resultados revelan que la ANP, a pesar del reconocimiento internacional, todavía está desconectada de la población local colindante. A lo largo de estos 18 años, la población local participa poco en las actividades que ha venido desarrollando la ANP, y la mitad de ellos ni siquiera pueden nombrar las dos especies bajo protección de dicha ANP.
De(con)struction / (re)construction : urban scenography in Belgium in the 1960’s
Authors:   Université de liège, Houbart Claudine
Published: May 2022

In the decades following the second world war, the Belgian cities of Brussels and Liège, which didn’t suffer from any large-scale destruction during the conflict, are subjected to modernistic urban policies leading to the disappearance of whole sections of their traditional urban fabric. Helped by private agencies, cities’ administrations develop ambitious plans aiming to update their built environment and road system, in order to answer the needs of motorised traffic and modern lifestyle. This paper focuses on a practice developed in parallel to this prevailing tendency: under the direction of the city architects Jean Rombaux (Brussels) and Jean Francotte (Liège), some fragments of ancient buildings to be demolished are carefully dismantled and stored, with the aim of being reassembled in order to recreate fragments of idealised traditional townscapes. Through the examples of the Lombard-Violette and Saint-Georges blocks, respectively in the city centres of Brussels and Liège, this paper addresses the reasons behind the operations and the successive projects, and discusses the status of the results.
The site characterization of central jakarta soft soil using CPTu and laboratory test
Authors: Permana Andrianto Muliawan , Rahardjo Paulus Pramono
Published: May 2022

Construction activities has been named as one of the contributing factors to Jakarta’s alarming rate of land subsidence, which ranges between 1 to 15 cm annually, and up to 28 cm in some locations. This problem is commonly known as settlement, and the affected soft soil is usually attributed to under-consolidating soil (UC). In regards to that matter, this study aims to characterize the soft soil layer in Central Jakarta using the Cone Penetration Test with pore pressure measurement (CPTu) and laboratory assessment. In addition, Undrained Shear Strength () and Pore Pressure Ratio (and ) methods were used to estimate the over-consolidation Ratio (OCR) values. The data collected from 94 boreholes and 30 CPTu showed the soft soil layers in Central Jakarta, which was dominated by high-plasticity silty clay (CH) and clayey silt (MH). The layers are detected between the depth of 0 – 25 m and are characterized by high natural moisture content, void ratio, liquidity index, and compression index values. Within this layer of under consolidated soils, the indication of relatively low dry unit weight was also present. Furthermore, the laboratory tests showed several correlations related to under-consolidating soil, i.e. void ratio to in-situ effective stress, void ratio to compression index, and compression index to natural moisture content. The CPTu test interpretations returned a number of under-consolidation soil layer samples in Central Jakarta. Moreover, the result also indicates the presence of under-consolidating properties, as well as normally consolidated and lightly over-consolidated.
Implementasi Pendidikan Akhlak di Pondok Pesantren Studi Pada Lembaga Pendidikan Pondok Pesantren Tazkiyatunnufus
Authors: Edy Edy , Hadawiyah Robiatul
Published: May 2022

Moral education is an important aspect in educational purpose. It is related to the increasing and varied phenomenon of moral decadence that occurs in our society and in government circles. Moral education is the right answer to these problems and Islamic boarding schools are a place for Islamic religious education, especially to build a good character and moral values in children. In Islamic teachings, moral education is a process of shaping good morals, personality and character, who is responsible for the tasks that Allah has given in order to carry out His commands and obey His prohibitions. In this study the authors conducted a study at a boarding school located in Cibinong, Kab. Bogor which named Tazkiyatunnufus Islamic boarding school. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the implementation of moral education for students at the Tazkiyatunnufus Islamic boarding school and to understand the various processes of implementing moral education in the Tazkiyatunnufus Islamic boarding school. The method used in this research is a qualitative method of the type of field study (field study). The process of implementing moral education at the Tazkiyatunnufus Islamic boarding school uses a variety of methods, namely through diniyah, story telling, muthola’ah, giving good examples, and through reward and punishment.

Keywords:  Moral education, Islamic boarding school.
Plantas nativas e introducida utilizadas como fibras en Paraguay; morfología, aprovechamiento y estado de conservación.
Authors: Benítez F. Bonifacia , Pereira S. Claudia , González Fidelina , Bertoni Siemens
Published: May 2022

Este trabajo de investigación, comprende el estudio de 3 especies nativas y 1 introducida, que son aprovechadas por las fibras que poseen en sus órganos vegetativos. Los sitios de estudio están ubicados en localidades de los Departamentos Central, en la Ciudad de Areguá (S 25º 19’ 2.4” WO 57º 22’ 59”) y Capiatá, (S 25º 22’22” WO 57º 27’ 44,5”); Cordillera, en Isla Pucú; (S 25º 15’ 40,2” WO 56º 54’ 26,4”) y en Paraguari, Ciudad de Escobar, Compañía Chircal, (S 25º 41’ 13,1” WO 56º 59’ 42,6”). Las especies nativas tratadas en este trabajo son: Copernicia alba Morong ex Morong & Britton, Schoenoplectus californicus (C. A. Mey.)Soják, Cyperus giganteus Vahl y Typha domingensis Pers., utilizadas para la fabricación de productos artesanales como bolsos, sombreros y esteras. Al igual que Sorghum bicolor (L.)Moench, especie introducida, utilizada para la producción de escoba. Se ha estudiado aspectos referentes a la estructura morfo-anatómica de cada una, así como las diferentes etapas del proceso de aprovechamiento y el estado de conservación.
Micrografia foliar de Laurus nobilis L. (Lauraceae) como herramienta para el control de calidad de muestras comerciales.
Authors: Pereira S. Claudia , González Fidelina , Benítez Bonifacia
Published: May 2022

Laurus nobilis L pertenece a la familia Lauraceae, conocida vernacularmente como laurel, las hojas son utilizadas en la medicina tradicional como aperitivo, eupéptico, estomacal, tónico del sistema nervioso, hipoglucemiante, sudorífico y anticatarral. El 80% de la población mundial no tiene acceso al sistema moderno de salud y por ende a fármacos de síntesis, motivo por el cual se debe exigir la calidad, seguridad y eficiencia de los productos vegetales comercializados como medicinales. En Paraguay, no se cuentan con patrones micrográficos que puedan ser útiles en el control de calidad, y más específicamente en la certificación de la identidad botánica del producto vegetal, con este objeto es llevado a cabo el presente trabajo en el que se define el patrón micrográfico foliar para L. nobilis, necesarios para la determinación botánica de muestras comerciales. Los caracteres anatómicos foliares son epidermis unistrata; la epidermis adaxial de contorno celular ondulado y levemente ondulado en la cara abaxial, estomas paracítico en el envés, el haz vascular es colateral, presencia de tricomas eglandulares. En el mesófilo, se encuentran células secretoras globosas con contenido amarillento. El índice estomático para Laurus nobilis L medio es 18.54. El peciolo posee contorno semi-circular, la cara dorsal con tricomas eglandulares. Los caracteres exomorfológicos y anatómicos de la hoja y el peciolo de Laurus nobilis L. son de relevancia taxonómica y deben ser considerados para el control de calidad de muestras comerciales.
Conformational, Toxic, Physicochemical and Molecular Docking Analysis of the Anticancer Acalabrutinib Molecule
Authors: ÇELİK Sefa , DEMİRAG A. Demet , ARSLAN Samet , ÖZEL Ayşen , AKYÜZ Sevim
Published: May 2022

Acalabrutinib is an inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) activity and prevents the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway. For having these properties acalabrutinib recently was approved for medical use as an anticancer drug. Determining the conformational properties of a bioactive molecule is necessary to reveal its bioactivity. For this reason, the conformational states of the acalabrutinib were examined first. The AM1, a semi-experimental method, was used to examine the stable conformations of the acalabrutinib molecule. Nine lowest energy conformers of the acalabrutinib molecule were determined and their relative energies were calculated. Afterwards, the interactions of the most stable conformer of acalabrutinib with DNA and integrin were examined by docking simulations, and the most active interaction sites and binding affinities were determined.
Optimization of Cutting Parameters Affecting Cutting Force and Surface Roughness in Machining of AISI P20 Die Steel
Authors: AKGÜN Mahir , ÖZLÜ Barış
Published: May 2022

This study focuses on optimizing cutting parameters effective on cutting force (Fc) and surface roughness (Ra) in the machining of AISI P20 steel. The turning experiments have been performed in CNC lathe at three different cutting speeds (Vc) (120, 180, and 240 m/min), three different feed rates (f) (0.12 0.21 and 0.3 mm/rev), and three different depths of cut (a) (0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 mm) according to Taguchi L9 orthogonal array. The effect levels of the cutting parameters on Fc and Ra have been determined with analysis of variance (Anova). The analysis results indicate that the depth of cut is the most significant parameter affecting Fc while the feed rate is the most significant parameter affecting Ra. Moreover, the result analysis shows that cutting speed of 240 m/min, feed rate of 0.12 mm/rev, and depth of cut of 0.4 mm) factor levels were the optimum cutting parameters for the output parameters (Fc and Ra). In turning experiments performed at optimum cutting parameters, the lowest Fc and Ra values were measured as 178N and 0.412 µm, respectively.
Modification of PVDF Membranes Using Dopamine/Zinc Oxide for Lead Removal from Aqueous Media
Authors: ÜÇEL İrem Sevim , DEMİREL Elif
Published: May 2022

Ultrafiltration (UF) have long been a leading separation technology with a strong historic track record for a wide range of applications such as the treatment of groundwater and wastewater. The fast development of techniques for producing nanostructured materials and nanoparticles has led to breakthroughs in a membrane preparation. In the present work, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) based nanocomposite membranes modified with zinc oxide (ZnO), polydopamine (PDA), and ZnO/PDA powders were fabricated using phase inversion technique. ZnO/PDA nanoparticles, which were synthesized via sol-gel method, were incorporated into the membrane matrix by blending and PDA powders were incorporated into the PVDF membrane matrix by coating methods. Surface and cross-sectional morphology, thermal behavior, and mechanical strength of the membranes were characterized using both analytical techniques and instruments. Filtration performance of nanocomposite membranes was tested in terms of water flux, sodium alginate (SA) rejection, and antifouling properties in comparison to those of pristine PVDF membrane. Moreover, lead (Pb+2) removal of the prepared membranes from aqueous solutions complexed with chitosan was thoroughly investigated. Although modification of pristine PVDF membrane using different powders could not improve water flux and SA rejections substantially, anti-fouling properties could be enhanced markedly. PVDF/ZnO/PDA membrane was found to exhibit the best performance in filtration experiments with 92% flux recovery ratio and 97% SA rejection and had the highest lead removal (88.5%) from aqueous solutions.
Bürgermeister mit Migrationshintergrund
Authors: Holtkamp Lars , Garske Benjamin , Müller Frederik
Published: May 2022

Die Unterrepräsentation von Menschen mit Migrationshintergrund ist auf allen Ebenen des politischen Systems weiterhin eklatant. Gerade im Bürgermeisteramt sind die Anteile sowohl von Amtsinhabern als auch von Kandidaten mit Migrationshintergrund gering, insbesondere bei türkischem Migrationshintergrund. Von besonderer Bedeutung ist hierfür die Rolle der Parteien als gate keeper, deren Nominierungsprozesse zumeist von Männern aus der Mehrheitsgesellschaft dominiert werden. Dass Personen mit Migrationshintergrund vor allem dann aufgestellt werden, wenn eine Kandidatur eher geringe Erfolgsaussichten hat, passt hier durchaus ins Bild. Im empirischen Zeitvergleich hat sich die Situation zwar leicht gebessert, doch bleibt die Unterrepräsentation von Personen mit Migrationshintergrund deutlich. Ein Lösungsansatz könnte in der Begrenzung möglicher Amtszeiten von Bürgermeistern liegen (sog. term limits). Wahlen würden hierdurch in der Regel wieder offener ausfallen und der Amtsinhaberbonus auf Wiederwahlchancen würde begrenzt. Neben einer erwartbar höheren Wahlbeteiligung dürften sich auch die Kandidatenfelder diversifizieren, was zu einer besseren deskriptiven Repräsentation von Menschen mit Migrationshintergrund, wenigstens unter den Kandidierenden, führen könnte.
Ein Fall für Soziale Arbeit
Authors: Hansjürgens Rita
Published: May 2022

„Fälle“stellen in der Sozialen Arbeit zentrale Kristallisationspunkte fachlichen Handelns und Forschens dar. Unklar ist jedoch, was eine möglicherweise sozialarbei- terische Spezifität ihrer Entstehung und Bearbei- tung ausmachen könnte. Dieser Artikel versucht hierauf aus handlungstheoretischer Perspektive auf der Basis des Konzepts von Burkhard Müller zur multiperspektivischen Fallarbeit eine Antwort zu geben.
Auf steinigen Wegen oder wie das empirische Forschen über die Polizei erschwert wird
Authors: Kemme Stefanie , Clasen Julia , Groß Eva , Häfele Joachim , Kammigan Ilka , Taefi Anabel , Zähringer Ulrike
Published: May 2022

Durch den Prozess der Akademisierung und die Reform der Polizeiausbildung zeigt sich die Polizei inzwischen in vielen Bereichen wissenschaftsoffener als noch in den 1990er Jahren. Doch auch wenn sich die Erkenntnis der Nützlichkeit empirischer Forschung bei vielen Akteur:innen in der Polizei durchgesetzt zu haben scheint, sind die Grenzen, nicht anders als schon zu Beginn der empirischen Polizeiforschung, bei gesellschaftlich hoch sensiblen Themen dann erreicht, wenn durch empirische Forschung in der und über die Polizei das Bild bzw. der Ruf der Organisation in Frage gestellt werden könnte. Zugangsschwierigkeiten zum Feld betreffen regelmäßig auch Forscher:innen an polizeilichen Hochschulen. Der nachfolgende Beitrag zeigt auf, inwiefern die Struktur der Polizeihochschulen und Stakeholder wie Polizeiführung, Gewerkschaften, Personalräte, Innenbehörden und Medien sicherheitspolitische empirische Forschung erschweren können. Die Ausführungen werden mit Beispielen aus der Studie „Demokratiebezogene Einstellungen und Werthaltungen in der Polizei Hamburg“ (DeWePol) untermauert.
Police Accountability: Neue Perspektiven auf Fehlerkultur, demokratische Einhegung und Kontrolle der Polizei
Authors: Grau Hannah Espín , Piening Marie-Theres , Singelnstein Tobias
Published: May 2022

Der vorliegende Beitrag diskutiert vor dem Hintergrund bestehender Probleme klassischer Instrumente zur Bearbeitung polizeilichen Fehlverhaltens das Konzept der Police Accountability und sein Potential für den deutschen Kontext hinsichtlich einer demokratischen Einhegung der Polizei. Hierzu werden zunächst klassisch rechtsstaatliche Aufarbeitungsmechanismen und deren Defizite erläutert, um in einem nächsten Schritt innovative Police Accountability-Mechanismen zu fokussieren, die u. a. in internationalen Standards zu guter Polizeiarbeit begründet werden. Unter Rückbezug auf die Public Accountability Studies werden bereits detaillierter bestimmte Accountability-Ansätze auf die deutsche Polizei übertragen und ein vorläufiges Police Accountability-Regime für den deutschen Kontext skizziert. Hervorgehoben wird die Notwendigkeit von Weiterentwicklung und Ausbau polizeiexterner, legislativer und gesellschaftlicher Accountability-Mechanismen für eine demokratisch eingehegte Polizei.
Anticipating the impact of sharing economy drivers on consumer intention for using a sharing economy service
Authors: Živojinović Tanja , Zornić Nikola
Published: May 2022

This paper explores main drivers that influence consumers’ decision related to the usage of a sharing economy service: trust, interaction, and experience. These three driving forces are put together in the functional form in order to explore its synergy influence on potential consumers’ interest in SES. The theoretical contribution of the paper is reflected in the design of the original simulation model for predicting the number of potential sharing economy users. Our findings and qualitative cluster analysis provide an insight into the behaviour of sharing economy customers which might help sharing economy providers to thoroughly analyse target users in order to meet their preferences. The proposed approach is tested through a small-scale experiment for the peer-to-peer carsharing service.
Knowledge overconfidence among entrepreneurs from Austria and North Macedonia
Authors: Ilieva Viktorija , Janeska-Iliev Aleksandra , Debarliev Stojan , Nakov Leonid , Drakulevski Ljubomir , Brudermann Thomas
Published: May 2022

Entrepreneurial decision-making is often characterized by unrealistic optimism. This so-called “overconfidence bias” has consequently received an increasing amount attention from the authors of literature on entrepreneurship research. Most empirical studies, however, that target the overconfidence bias have been conducted with students or samples from the general population. This study contributes to the entrepreneurial decision-making literature by explicitly targeting entrepreneurs from Austria and North Macedonia (n = 187), defined as individuals who have started their own businesses or are in the process of doing so. The entrepreneurs were asked to complete a general-knowledge questionnaire and to estimate the accuracy of their answers. The results suggest that the most of these entrepreneurs exhibit overconfidence (and some, underconfidence) with regard to the accuracy of their knowledge. Significant differences were observed between the bias scores and confidence scores of the Austrian and Macedonian respondents, but not the accuracy scores. The so-called “hard-easy effect,” which indicates that individuals display overconfidence when answering hard questions, but underconfidence when answering easy questions, was observed among the Austrian but not among the Macedonian entrepreneurs.
Das Virus und das Digitale
Authors: Notz Anna v.
Published: May 2022

Das neue Buch von Robert Simanowski „Das Virus und das Digitale“ kommt nüchtern daher, deutlich nüchterner jedenfalls als „Der Todesalgorithmus“, wie das letzte Buch des Kultur- und Medienwissenschaftlers hieß. Stilistisch aber bleibt sich Simanowski treu: Sein Text nähert sich dem Zusammenspiel von Corona-Pandemie und Digitalisierung nicht systematisch-umfassend, sondern essayistisch-offen mit Freude am Spekulativen, Gegensätzlichen und Vorläufigen.
Vaginal Swabs Are Non-inferior to Endocervical Swabs for Sexually Transmitted Infection testing in the Emergency Department
Authors: Krause Andrew , Miller Joseph , Samuel Linoj , Manteuffel Jacob
Published: May 2022

Study Objective: Emergency department (ED) testing for sexually transmitted infections (STI) in women is typically performed with a pelvic examination and an endocervical swab. However, vaginal swabs are effective for STI testing and the preferred specimen type according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The utility of using vaginal swabs in the ED for STI screening has not been thoroughly investigated. Our objective was to assess detection rates for two bacterial STIs before and after implementing a screening protocol using vaginal swabs.

Methods: We conducted a quasi-experimental, pre-post study using standardized data from electronic health records across nine metropolitan Detroit hospital EDs. Patients included women who were tested for Chlamydia trachomatis or Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the ED between April 2018– December 2019. Pre-implementation tests from April 2018-February 2019 were done using endo-cervical swabs, and post-implementation tests from February 2019-December 2019 were done with vaginal swabs. We used non-inferiority testing for proportion with a non-inferiority margin of one percentage point absolute difference in detection rates of STI.

Results: The study included 22,291 encounters with 11,732 in the pre-implementation and 10,559 in the post-implementation phases. The C. trachomatis detection rates were 7.5% pre-implementation and 7.6% post-implementation (between-group difference, 0.1 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.7, 0.4; p<.01 for non-inferiority). The N. gonorrhoeae detection rates were 3.1% pre-implementation and 3.6% post-implementation (between-group difference, 0.5 percentage points; 95% CI: -0.8, 0.04; p<.01 for non-inferiority).

Conclusion: Using vaginal swabs for STI testing in the ED may be a non-inferior alternative to using endocervical swabs
Comparison of the Effect of Entecavir and Tenofovir on Serum HBsAg Levels in Chronic HBe-Negative Hepatitis B Patients
Authors: Plesniak Robert , Karpinska Ewa , Duczkowska Marta , Wawrzynowicz-Syczewska Marta
Published: May 2022

Background: The quantification of hepatitis B surface antigen (qHBsAg) was proposed as a helpful tool to monitor treatment efficacy with nucleos(t)ide analogs (NA) in HB e antigen-negative chronic HB. Objectives: The present study aimed to assess the effect of entecavir (ETV) and tenofovir dipivoxil (TDF) on qHBsAg kinetics and estimate the time necessary to achieve HBsAg clearance with each of these drugs. Methods: The study was conducted on 93 patients, 54 and 39 of whom were treated with ETV and TDF for a median time of 42 months, respectively. The qHBsAg was measured in 6-month intervals with the Elecsys HBsAg II Quantitative assay. The estimated time to undetectable HBsAg was calculated using the best-fitted curve analysis. Results: There was a significant decrease in qHBsAg titers in 79 (84.9%) patients with no difference between ETV and TDF groups (P = 0.754). The median quantitative HBsAg drop was 2003 IU/mL (interquartile range: 638.1 - 5010). The HBsAg levels decreased by 40.3 ± 25.9% on average. The expected time required for HBsAg clearance was comparable in both groups, equaling 104 and 114 months for TDF and ETV, respectively. Conclusions: The HBsAg clearance can be achieved in a substantial proportion of patients after additional 5 years of treatment with NA. The potency of TDF and ETV in qHBsAg reduction is similar.
Microbiome Analysis in Patients with Colorectal Cancer by 16S Ribosomal RNA Sequencing in the Southeast of Iran
Authors: Abdi Hosseinali , Kordi-Tamandani Dor Mohammad , Lagzian Milad , Bakhshipour Alireza
Published: May 2022

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignant tumor worldwide. Emerging evidence suggests that dysbiosis of the colon microbiome may be involved in CRC development. Objectives: The present study aimed to compare the composition and diversity of the colon microbiome by high-throughput 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing between CRC patients and healthy controls. Microbiome composition and diversity were also examined based on gender. Methods: The colon microbiome richness and diversity of samples from 17 CRC patients and 13 healthy controls were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Alpha and beta diversity were calculated to determine the differences in colon microbiome diversity. Results: Alpha and beta diversity showed significant differences between the CRC and healthy control groups regarding the microbiome. Our results showed that CRC samples had the highest richness and diversity. The total number (P ≤ 0.01), phylogenetic diversity (P ≤ 0.01), Chao1 (P ≤ 0.01), Shannon (P ≤ 0.05), and Simpson (P ≤ 0.01) indices were significantly higher in the CRC group than in the healthy control group. In addition, the comparison between females and males showed that the microbiome diversity was higher in the CRC female (CRC-F) group than in other groups. Prevotella, Fusobacterium, Akkermansia, Leptotrichia, Streptococcus, and Parabacteroides were more commonly observed in the CRC group, while Bacteroides, Enterobacteriaceae (unknown genus), Ruminococcus, and Campylobacter were more commonly observed in the healthy control group. Conclusions: This study showed differences between the CRC and healthy control groups regarding the diversity and composition of the colon microbiome, suggesting a contribution of the microbiome in the development and progression of CRC.
Montelukast as an Add-on Drug in Induced Azotemia in Humans Following Gastroenteritis
Authors: Moradi Shamami Farzane , Yousefichaijan Parsa , Hashemi Mojtaba , Dorreh Fatemeh , Arjmand Ali , Karimi Matloub Saeed , Rezagholizamenjany Masoud
Published: May 2022

Background: Gastroenteritis, as a rare and heterogeneous condition, is characterized by patchy or diffuse infiltration of gastrointestinal tissue. Induced azotemia in humans following gastroenteritis has been evaluated in some studies. Objectives: The aim of present study was to evaluate the effect of montelukast on induced azotemia in humans following gastroenteritis. Methods: This study examined children with gastroenteritis with moderate dehydration and more than 3 years of age. The cases had a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) less than 90 and were evaluated in two groups of control (n = 20) and intervention (n = 20). Montelukast (5-mg tablets) was given to patients in the intervention group for 5 days. Normal saline at a rate of 20 cc/kg was given to both groups within 20 minutes until clinical symptoms improved. Finally, the improvement of renal function was evaluated and compared between the 2 groups using SPSS. Results: Out of 40 evaluated patients, the mean age of the control and intervention groups was 5.52 and 5.15 years, respectively. Also, 13 cases (65.0%) in the control group and 9 cases (45.0%) in the control group were males. The mean creatinine (Cr) was significantly reduced after treatment in the intervention group (P = 0.001). Also, the mean GFR after treatment was significantly higher in the intervention group (P = 0.001), and GFR improvement duration was significantly lower in the intervention group (P = 0.002). Conclusions: Montelukast as an add-on drug was effective in reducing the time of GFR enhancement; thus, we can consider it as an add-on drug in azotemia.
ESTRATÉGIAS PARA POTENCIALIZAR A RETENÇÃO E DISPONIBILIDADE DE ÁGUA NO SOLO
Authors: Klein Claudia , Klein Vilson Antonio
Published: May 2022

O solo é conhecido pelo seu robusto potencial na armazenagem de água. No entanto, haveriam formas de potencializar a armazenagem de água no solo especialmente em períodos de secas? Sabe-se que a dinâmica da água é regida por vários fatores, tais como precipitação, infiltração, estrutura do solo, matéria orgânica, entre outros, por isso é difícil de ser prevista e melhorada, e esta revisão tem como objetivo salientar as principais técnicas de manejo que beneficiem a retenção e disponibilidade de água para a exploração agrícola. Técnicas como adição de matéria orgânica, biocarvão, polímeros sintéticos (hidrogéis), bem como, construção de barragens subterrâneas e reservatórios (Dammer Diker) têm mostrado resultados promissores quanto a retenção de água no solo, embora algumas destas necessitem de estudos mais aprofundados. Para que a produção de alimentos aumente, com qualidade e sem necessitar de irrigações adicionais é necessário que os estudos sobre este tema continuem, especialmente em campo e em solos característicos no Brasil.
Gravimetria de resíduos sólidos depositados em aterro sanitário antes e durante a pandemia de covid-19
Authors: Gomes Luciana Paulo , Marques Vinícius Martins , Caetano Marcelo Oliveira , Grando Marchello Luiz , Grondona Atilio Efrain Bica , Urruth Greice Carvalho
Published: May 2022

É de suma importância o conhecimento de quais resíduos estão sendo descartados nos aterros, para que seja possível identificar processos que auxiliarão em uma maior eficácia no uso destas áreas, evitando que resíduos que tenham potencial de reciclagem ou compostagem tenham esse destino final. Além disso, o cenário da pandemia de Covid-19 trouxe incertezas quanto a taxa de geração e gravimetria dos resíduos. Com isso, este estudo objetiva determinar a gravimetria dos RSU enviados para o aterro sanitário de São Leopoldo, durante os anos de 2019 e 2020, através do monitoramento de entrada de caminhões no aterro. Evidenciou-se que os RSU são oriundos de coletas regulares municipais, além de outros grandes geradores, como empresas, indústrias e supermercados. Desta forma, através das gravimetrias municipais, obtidas nos PMSB destas localidades, foi possível determinar o montante de cada tipo de RSU e assim estimar a gravimetria durante os períodos analisados. Como resultado final, este estudo indicou que houve crescimento de 1,88% no montante anual depositado, porém quando observadas as gravimetrias, a alteração foi mínima, com o percentual de matéria orgânica putrescível variando de 41% a 40%, os Contaminantes Biológicos e Outros de 27% para 28% e os recicláveis 32% durante todo o período analisado. Diante disto, independente do cenário da pandemia, sugere-se que seja implantada uma Central de Triagem, bem como um pátio de compostagem, afim de otimizar o uso do aterro, evitando que materiais com potencial de reciclagem ou compostagem tenham esta destinação final.
Análise do amortecimento das vazões e da poluição difusa da lagoa de detenção do Guará II - DF
Authors: Henz Stefanie Katrin Fischer , Costa Maria Elisa Leite , Paula Ana Carolina Vieira de , Koide Sergio
Published: May 2022

A crescente urbanização resulta em um aumento da poluição difusa, a qual é de difícil mensuração. O escoamento superficial transporta todos os poluentes advindos das atividades antropogênicas até os corpos hídricos, deteriorando a qualidade da água desses. Como medida estrutural para reduzir os impactos da poluição e aumento das vazões encontram-se as lagoas de detenção, essas são bastante utilizadas no Distrito Federal. Esta pesquisa buscou analisar a eficiência de uma dessas estruturas de drenagem urbana localizada no Guará II– DF, por meio do monitoramento quantitativo e qualitativo, a análise dos nutrientes (nitrogênio e fósforo), matéria orgânica e coliformes. Para isso foram recolhidas amostras na entrada e na saída da lagoa em um evento chuvoso de março de 2019, e foram analisados parâmetros de qualidade da água com o auxílio de polutogramas. A lagoa apresentou um amortecimento das vazões com eficiência maior que 96%, porém não foi tão eficiente na diminuição de poluentes, que apresentaram pequena redução de concentração entre a entrada e a saída da estrutura. Conclui-se que a lagoa de detenção é uma boa alternativa para a preservação da capacidade de suporte do corpo hídrico receptor de águas pluviais, porém poderia ser mais eficiente na redução da concentração de poluentes se funcionasse como retenção.
O paisagismo em Wetlands Construídos
Authors: Amadeu Isabella Eunice Cáspar , Melo Elisa Dias de
Published: May 2022

Os sistemas de tratamento de efluentes líquidos, quando inexistentes ou ineficientes, impactam os ecossistemas aquáticos e o bem-estar de milhões de pessoas. Além de problemas relacionados aos custos de implantação, operação e manutenção dos diferentes sistemas de tratamento, há ainda a questão estética e o odor gerado nas áreas adjacentes aos mesmos. Os Wetlands Construídos (WC) surgem nesse cenário, promovendo a redução da concentração de poluentes, tendo as macrófitas como principal agente no tratamento de efluentes. Assim, aproveitando essas habilidades do sistema, o efeito paisagístico se faz um elemento de importância para diminuição de preconceito e rejeição à instalação de sistemas de tratamento por parte da população. Observa-se, porém, uma lacuna nos estudos relacionando espécies de macrófitas e o potencial paisagístico, nos WC. Portanto, foi realizada revisão bibliográfica em diferentes bases de dados disponíveis no portal eletrônico de Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes), dentre outras fontes de pesquisa de relevância ao tema. Após a análise das informações levantadas, foram selecionadas as espécies de macrófitas Typha latifolia, Cyperus giganteus, Canna indica, Canna glauca e Cymbopogon citratus, para aplicação em projeto paisagístico para um WC de fluxo horizontal existente no município de Agronômica, localizado em Santa Catarina. Para a elaboração de maquete virtual 3D do projeto paisagístico foram empregados softwares específicos para ambientação em 3D e renderização fotorealística. A maquete virtual 3D gerada permite fácil compreensão e ampla divulgação do projeto paisagístico proposto para um sistema de WC específico, mas que poderá ser empregado como modelo para outros sistemas, atendendo às especificidades locais, como clima e características dos efluentes a serem tratados.
Changes in Daily Life and Quality of Life of the Elderly due to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Focusing on a Comparison between Single-Family and Multi-Family
Authors: Lee Seoyeon , Chang Mina
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study is to understand the changes in the daily life and quality of life of the elderly due to the spread of COVID-19. This study attempted to supplement the limitations of quantitative analysis by performing both quantitative and qualitative analysis. A large-scale representative data, the Elderly Survey 2017 and 2020, were analyzed, and in-depth interviews were conducted with a total of 16 elderly people in Gwangju and Seoul. As a result, it was found that the overall quality of life was positively changed compared to before Corona. The frequency of contact and visits with family members decreased whereas the time spent watching TV increased. The elderly's adaptation to daily life has a series of processes since the first outbreak of COVID-19. At the beginning of the outbreak, there were fear, anxiety, and depression due to isolation, but gradually made efforts to adapt to the new situation. They reported that they realized the importance of human relationships, especially spouses, in a crisis situation and that there were some positive aspects as well. Finally, in all these results a difference was found between single-person households and multi-person households. Through the above research results, academic and policy measures were discussed.
The Structural Relationships among Maternal Reflective Function, Preschoolers' Empathy, Executive Functions, and Caring Behaviors
Authors: Lee Yoonjeong , Lim Jiyoung , An Sunjung
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships among mothers’ reflective function, preschoolers’ empathy, executive function, caring behaviors. Subjects for this study were 498 preschoolers and their mothers. Mothers’ reflective function was assessed by the Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire(PRFQ). Preschoolers’ empathy was assessed by the Questionnaire of Cognitive and Affective Empathy(QCAE). Preschoolers’ executive function was assessed by the Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Functions-Preschool Version(BRIEF-P), and caring behaviors were assessed by the caring behaviors scale(Kim, 2015). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis(CFA), and structural equation model(SEM) with the SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 23.0 program.
The major results of this study were as follows. First, mothers’ reflective function showed direct effects on preschoolers’ empathy, executive function, and caring behaviors. Second, the preschoolers’ empathy and executive function showed direct effects on preschoolers’ caring behaviors. Third, preschoolers’ empathy mediated the effects of mothers’ reflective function on preschoolers’ caring behaviors. The findings of this study will contribute to designing intervention programs to improve preschoolers’ empathy, executive function, and caring behaviors.
Resilience among Undergraduate Freshmen during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Development of Resource Promotion Program
Authors: Kim Jae Yoon , Lee So Young , Park Eunyoung , Mana  , Baek Joon Sang , Kang Min Ju
Published: May 2022

Undergraduate freshmen are currently encountering numerous difficulties in adapting to college life due to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, several studies have underlined the need to develop interventions focused on undergraduate students’ resilience during this situation. We adopted the service design method in identifying the difficulties faced by undergraduate freshmen during this pandemic, and also developed interventions for raising their resilience. The service design method is a person-centered approach which adopts the user’s viewpoint in developing solutions, thereby enabling their requirements to be satisfied. Surveys and in-depth interviews revealed that undergraduate freshmen were experiencing psycho-emotional problems which were derived from schoolwork and college life. This is particularly the case with students who are experiencing greater levels of academic difficulty, and were insufficiently equipped with resources such as stress-coping strategies and social support. Four undergraduate freshmen were recruited online to test the effectiveness of a resource promotion program aimed at enhancing their resilience. This program has proved to be helpful in relieving daily/academic stress and in building relationships among freshmen, regarding which the participants showed a high level of satisfaction. The results were discussed by focusing on psycho-emotional difficulties and resources of college freshmen, as well as the effectiveness of the resource promotion program. Further research is required in order to verify the efficiency of the program and to confirm conclusions.
Physicochemical Properties of Traditional Kochujang Added with Naked Oat Flours
Authors: Jung Lan-Hee , Jeon Eun-Raye
Published: May 2022

The physicochemical properties of traditional kochujang added with naked oat flours (0, 5, 10, 15%) were periodically examined during fermentation for 20 weeks at 25°C(± 2 °C). The proximate composition of roasted naked oat flours were as follows: water 0.67%, ash 1.63%, fat 10.37%, protein 13.63%, carbohydrates 73.70%. The water contents of traditional kochujang added with naked oat flours decreased gradually according to the addition level. The pH of traditional kochujang added with naked oat flours increased according to the added level, whereas pH decreased gradually during fermentation. The acidity was opposite to pH. The L (lightness), a (redness) and b (yellowness)-values of samples increased according to the amount of added naked oat flours, whereas they decreased gradually during fermentation. The salinity and sweetness of samples decreased according to the amount of added naked oat flours. Amino acid composition of traditional kochujang added with naked oat flours was higher than that of the control during fermentation. Aspartic acid, alanine, leucine, and arginine were high in the case of traditional kochujang added with 0% naked oat flours, and aspartic acid, leucine, alanine, proline. And arginine were high in the case of traditional kochujang added with 15% naked oat flours. The dietary fiber content was 5.38g/100g in the case of 0% addition and 5.75g/100g in the case of 15% addition. As a result of the above results, it was found that the physicochemical properties of traditional kochujang added with naked oat flours could be improved, and the possibility of developing a traditional kochujang beneficial to health was confirmed.
Solvent effect on ultrafast decay of uracil studied by femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy
Authors: Shen Huan , Hua Lin-Qiang , Wei Zheng-Rong ,   College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China,   State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China,   Faculty of Physics and Electronic Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
Published: May 2022

As one of the building blocks in RNA chain, uracil and its derivatives have attracted a great deal of interest since its ultrafast dynamics is closely related to mutagenic and carcinogenic effects. In this study, the solvent effect on the ultrafast decay of excited uracil is studied by femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy in the UV region. The uracil molecule is populated to the 1(π, π*) state (i.e. S2 state) with a pump pulse at 264 nm. Broad-band white light continuum in the UV region from 280 to 360 nm is used as the probe. With a detail analysis of the measured transient spectra, two decay time constants, i.e. 9.8 ps and > 1000 ps, are directly obtained at 300 nm in the solvent of acetonitrile. Compared with our previous experiments, where no obvious triplet population is observed in water, triplet population is found to play an important role in acetonitrile. A comparison of excited-state dynamics among different solvents is also carried out. It reveals that the decay from the 1(n, π*) state (i.e., S1 state) to the T1 state shows a clear dependence on the H bonding of the solvents. With stronger H bonding, the 1(n, π*) excited state decays faster and has less chance to transfer to the triplet state. These results suggest that only when the 1(n, π*) state has excess vibrational energy can it transit to the triplet state through the intersystem crossing process. With this new information obtained in the present measurement, the decay dynamics of uracil on the S2 excited state can be further understood.
Change management in the implementation of electronic health records (EHR) systems at Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, South Africa
Authors: Msomi Mandisa , Kalusopa Trywell , Luthuli Lungile Precious
Published: May 2022

For decades, public hospitals have relied on managing records manually using different formats of classification. However, driven by an eHealth strategy, hospitals in South Africa are now changing to electronic health records (EHR) systems for their day-to-day functioning. Earlier studies conducted on health records management in the South African provinces of KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), Limpopo, Eastern Cape, Gauteng and Western Cape, all point to minimal evidence of change management in EHR system implementation in public hospitals. This paper presents empirical results of an investigation into the management of change in the implementation of an EHR system at the Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Public Hospital in the eThekwini area of KZN. The findings show that an ill-defined change management approach in the EHR system implementation hinders the progress of the implementation and thus the improvement of health service delivery. The study recommends that the implementation of a robust and functional EHR system be accompanied equally by a viable, parallel and executable change management blueprint.
Drosophila gustatory projections are segregated by taste modality and connectivity
Authors: Engert Stefanie , Sterne Gabriella R , Bock Davi D , Scott Kristin
Published: May 2022

Gustatory sensory neurons detect caloric and harmful compounds in potential food and convey this information to the brain to inform feeding decisions. To examine the signals that gustatory neurons transmit and receive, we reconstructed gustatory axons and their synaptic sites in the adult Drosophila melanogaster brain, utilizing a whole-brain electron microscopy volume. We reconstructed 87 gustatory projections from the proboscis labellum in the right hemisphere and 57 from the left, representing the majority of labellar gustatory axons. Gustatory neurons contain a nearly equal number of interspersed pre- and postsynaptic sites, with extensive synaptic connectivity among gustatory axons. Morphology- and connectivity-based clustering revealed six distinct groups, likely representing neurons recognizing different taste modalities. The vast majority of synaptic connections are between neurons of the same group. This study resolves the anatomy of labellar gustatory projections, reveals that gustatory projections are segregated based on taste modality, and uncovers synaptic connections that may alter the transmission of gustatory signals.
Ageing- and AAA-associated differentially expressed proteins identified by proteomic analysis in mice
Authors: Ren Jinrui , Wu Jianqiang , Tang Xiaoyue , Chen Siliang , Wang Wei , Lv Yanze , Wu Lianglin , Yang Dan , Zheng Yuehong
Published: May 2022

Background

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a disease of high prevalence in old age, and its incidence gradually increases with increasing age. There were few studies about differences in the circulatory system in the incidence of AAA, mainly because younger patients with AAA are fewer and more comorbid nonatherosclerotic factors.

Method

We induced AAA in ApoE−/− male mice of different ages (10 or 24 weeks) and obtained plasma samples. After the top 14 most abundant proteins were detected, the plasma was analyzed by a proteomic study using the data-dependent acquisition (DDA) technique. The proteomic results were compared between different groups to identify age-related differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the circulation that contribute to AAA formation. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analyses were performed by R software. The top 10 proteins were determined with the MCC method of Cytoscape, and transcription factor (TF) prediction of the DEPs was performed with iRegulon (Cytoscape).

Results

The aortic diameter fold increase was higher in the aged group than in the youth group (p < 0.01). Overall, 92 DEPs related to age and involved in AAA formation were identified. GO analysis of the DEPs showed enrichment of the terms wounding healing, response to oxidative stress, regulation of body fluid levels, ribose phosphate metabolic process, and blood coagulation. The KEGG pathway analysis showed enrichment of the terms platelet activation, complement and coagulation cascades, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, carbon metabolism, biosynthesis of amino acids, and ECM-receptor interaction. The top 10 proteins were Tpi1, Eno1, Prdx1, Ppia, Prdx6, Vwf, Prdx2, Fga, Fgg, and Fgb, and the predicted TFs of these proteins were Nfe2, Srf, Epas1, Tbp, and Hoxc8.

Conclusion

The identified proteins related to age and involved in AAA formation were associated with the response to oxidative stress, coagulation and platelet activation, and complement and inflammation pathways, and the TFs of these proteins might be potential targets for AAA treatments. Further experimental and biological studies are needed to elucidate the role of these age-associated and AAA-related proteins in the progression of AAA.