bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Those Who Teach, Can Do: Characterizing the Relationship Between Teaching and Clinical Skills in a Residency Program
Authors: Smith C. Christopher , Newman Lori R. , Huang Grace C.
Published: July 2018

Background 

Teaching practice is presumed to have significant overlap with clinical skills, yet few studies to date have assessed how residents' teaching skills influence their clinical performance.

Objective 

We examined the relationship between the professional roles of residents as teachers and as practicing clinicians as well as how learning about teaching contributes to enhanced skills in the clinical realm.

Methods 

Using the framework method, the authors performed a 2-phased (exploratory and confirmatory) qualitative analysis on the data sets to characterize the relationship between resident teaching and clinical skills. To investigate the relationship between teaching and clinical work, we extracted qualitative data from 300 evaluations of clinical performance for residents in a large, urban, academic internal medicine residency program submitted over a 3-year period. Informed by the preliminary framework that evolved from this analysis, we conducted a focus group of 6 residents in a dedicated clinician-educator track to examine how teaching was related to clinical work.

Results 

We identified attributes and skills of good resident teachers that enhance clinical skills, categorized as 18 subdomains within 4 domains: relationships, communication, relation to self, and relationship with knowledge.

Conclusions 

Themes that link clinical and teaching skills are similar for both patient-physician and learner-teacher relationships. Improving residents' teaching skills may not only benefit the education of learners but also improve the care of patients.
Spatial and temporal changes of SO2 regimes over China in recent decade and the driving mechanism
Authors: Wang Ting , Wang Pucai , Theys Nicolas , Hendrick François , Van Roozendael Michel
Published: July 2018

Abstract. The spatial and temporal changes of SO2 regimes over China during 2005 to 2016 and their associated driving mechanism are investigated based on a state-of-the-art retrieval dataset. Climatological SO2 exhibits pronounced seasonal and regional variations, with higher loadings in wintertime and two prominent maxima centered in the North China Plain and the Cheng-Yu District. In the last decade, overall SO2 decreasing trends have been reported nationwide, with spatially varying downward rates according to a general rule – the higher the SO2 loading, the more significant the decrease. However, such decline is in fact not monotonic, but instead four distinct temporal regimes can be identified by empirical orthogonal function analysis. After an initial rise at the beginning, SO2 in China undergoes two sharp drops in the periods 2007–2008 and 2014–2016, amid which 5-year moderate rebounding or stagnation is sustained. Despite spatial coherent behaviors, different mechanisms are tied to North China and South China, delimited roughly by the Yangtze River. In North China, the same four regimes are detected in the time series of emission that is expected to drive the regime of atmospheric SO2, with a percentage of explained variance amounting to 81 %. Out of total emission, those from industrial sector dominate SO2 variation throughout the whole period, while household emission fluctuates little until 2008 but afterwards acts to partially offset the effect caused by industrial emission. In contrast to North China, SO2 emissions in South China exhibit a continuous descending tendency, due to the gradual cuts of industrial emissions together with a sudden downward shift of household emissions. As a result, the role of emissions only makes up about one third of the SO2 variation, primarily owing to the decoupled pathways of emission and atmospheric content during 2009 to 2013 when the emissions continue to decline but atmospheric content witnesses a rebound. Unfavorable meteorological conditions, including deficient precipitation, weaker wind speed and increased static stability, outweigh the effect of decreasing emissions and thus give rise to the rebound of SO2 during 2009 to 2013.
Direct effect of aerosols on solar radiation and gross primary production in boreal and hemiboreal forests
Authors: Ezhova Ekaterina , Ylivinkka Ilona , Kuusk Joel , Komsaare Kaupo , Vana Marko , Krasnova Alisa , Noe Steffen , Arshinov Mikhail , Belan Boris , Park Sung-Bin , Lavric Jošt Valentin , Heimann Martin , Petäjä Tuukka , Vesala Timo , Mammarella Ivan , Kolari Pasi , Bäck Jaana , Rannik Ullar , Kerminen Veli-Matti , Kulmala Markku
Published: July 2018

Abstract. The effect of an aerosol loading on solar radiation and further on photosynthesis is a relevant question for estimating climate feedback mechanisms. This effect is quantiﬁed in the present study using ground-based measurements from ﬁve remote sites in boreal and hemiboreal (coniferous and mixed) forests of Eurasia. The diffuse fraction of global radiation associated with the direct effect of aerosols, that is excluding the effect of clouds, increases with an increasing aerosol loading. The increase in the diffuse fraction of global radiation from approximately 0.11 on the days characterized by low aerosol loading up to 0.2–0.27 pertaining to relatively high aerosol loading leads to the increase in gross primary production (GPP) at all sites by 6–14 %. The largest increase in GPP (relative to the days with low aerosol loading) is observed for two types of ecosystems: a coniferous forest at the high latitudes and a mixed forest at the middle latitudes. For the former ecosystem the change in GPP due to relatively large increase in the diffuse radiation is compensated by the moderate increase in the light use efﬁciency. For 10 the latter ecosystem, the increase in diffuse radiation is smaller for the same aerosol loading, but the smaller change in GPP due to this relationship between radiation and aerosol loading is compensated by the higher increase in the light use efﬁciency. The dependency of GPP on the diffuse fraction of solar radiation has a weakly pronounced maximum related to clouds.
Micromechanical modeling of the Compression of the Damaged Zone experiment in the Callovo-Oxfordian formation
Authors: Bluthé Joffrey , Bary Benoît , Lemarchand Eric
Published: July 2018

Abstract. A theoretical model of the Compression of the Damaged Zone experiment is
proposed. The tools of micromechanics are used to represent the fractured
zone. Assuming an elastic behavior of the sound COx claystone and a
simplified geometry of the drift, an analytical solution is presented and the
crack closure is determined as a function of distance from the drift wall for
two loading cases: a prescribed 4 MPa pressure and a stress-free
strain with 1 % average value to describe the swelling due to resaturation.
The results are in agreement with experimental observations and give insights
into the heterogeneous character of self-sealing in the damaged zone.
Testing and evaluation of a new airborne system for continuous N2O, CO2, CO, and H2O measurements: the Frequent Calibration High-performance Airborne Observation System (FCHAOS)
Authors: Gvakharia Alexander , Kort Eric A. , Smith Mackenzie L. , Conley Stephen
Published: July 2018

Abstract. We present the development and assessment of a new flight system that uses a commercially available continuous-wave, tunable infrared laser direct absorption spectrometer to measure N2O, CO2, CO, and H2O. When the commercial system is operated in an off-the-shelf manner, we find a clear cabin pressure/altitude dependency for N2O, CO2, and CO. The characteristics of this artifact make it difficult to reconcile with conventional calibration methods, so we present a novel procedure employing a high-flow system with high-frequency, short-duration sampling of a known calibration gas. This approach corrects for cabin pressure dependency as well as other sources of drift in the analyzer while maintaining a ~ 90 % duty cycle for 1 Hz sampling. Assessment and validation of the flight system with both extensive in-flight calibrations and comparisons with other flight-proven sensors demonstrate the validity of this method. In-flight 1σ precision is estimated at 0.05 ppb, 0.10 ppm, 1.00 ppb, and 10 ppm for N2O, CO2, CO, and H2O respectively, and traceability to WMO standards is found to be 0.14 ppb, 0.34 ppm, and 2.33 ppb for N2O, CO2, and CO. We show the system is capable of precise, accurate 1 Hz airborne observations of N2O, CO2, CO, and H2O and highlight flight data illustrating the value of this analyzer for studying N2O emissions on ~ 100 km spatial scales.
Twin-plate ice nucleation assay (TINA) with infrared detection for high-throughput droplet freezing experiments with biological ice nuclei in laboratory and field samples
Authors: Kunert Anna T. , Lamneck Mark , Helleis Frank , Pöhlker Mira L. , Pöschl Ulrich , Fröhlich-Nowoisky Janine
Published: July 2018

Abstract. For efficient analysis and characterization of biological ice nuclei under immersion freezing conditions, we developed a Twin-plate Ice Nucleation Assay (TINA) for high-throughput droplet freezing experiments, in which the temperature gradient and freezing of each droplet is tracked by an infrared detector. In the fully automated setup, a couple of independently cooled aluminum blocks carrying two 96-well plates and two 384-well plates, respectively, are available to study ice nucleation and freezing events simultaneously in hundreds of microliter range droplets (0.1–40 µL). A cooling system with two refrigerant circulation loops is used for high-precision temperature control (deviations
GEOS-Chem High Performance (GCHP v11-02c): a next-generation implementation of the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model for massively parallel applications
Authors: Eastham Sebastian D. , Long Michael S. , Keller Christoph A. , Lundgren Elizabeth , Yantosca Robert M. , Zhuang Jiawei , Li Chi , Lee Colin J. , Yannetti Matthew , Auer Benjamin M. , Clune Thomas L. , Kouatchou Jules , Putman William M. , Thompson Matthew A. , Trayanov Atanas L. , Molod Andrea M. , Martin Randall V. , Jacob Daniel J.
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Global modeling of atmospheric chemistry is a grand
computational challenge because of the need to simulate large coupled systems
of ∼100–1000 chemical species interacting with transport on all scales.
Offline chemical transport models (CTMs), where the chemical continuity
equations are solved using meteorological data as input, have usability
advantages and are important vehicles for developing atmospheric chemistry
knowledge that can then be transferred to Earth system models. However, they
have generally not been designed to take advantage of massively parallel
computing architectures. Here, we develop such a high-performance capability
for GEOS-Chem (GCHP), a CTM driven by meteorological data from the NASA
Goddard Earth Observation System (GEOS) and used by hundreds of research
groups worldwide. GCHP is a grid-independent implementation of GEOS-Chem
using the Earth System Modeling Framework (ESMF) that permits the same
standard model to operate in a distributed-memory framework for massive
parallelization. GCHP also allows GEOS-Chem to take advantage of the native
GEOS cubed-sphere grid for greater accuracy and computational efficiency in
simulating transport. GCHP enables GEOS-Chem simulations to be conducted with
high computational scalability up to at least 500 cores, so that global
simulations of stratosphere–troposphere oxidant–aerosol chemistry at C180
spatial resolution (∼0.5∘×0.625∘) or finer
become routinely feasible.
Tropospheric mixing and parametrization of unresolved convection
as implemented into the Chemical Lagrangian Model of the
Stratosphere (CLaMS)
Authors: Konopka Paul , Tao Mengchu , Ploeger Felix , Diallo Mohamadou , Riese Martin
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Inaccurate representation of mixing in chemistry transport model, mainly suffering from an excessive numerical diffusion, strongly influences the quantitative estimates of the stratosphere-troposphere exchange (STE). The Lagrangian view of transport offers an alternative to exploit the numerical diffusion for parametrization of the physical mixing. Here, we follow this concept and discuss how to extend the representation of tropospheric transport in the Chemical Lagrangian Model of the Stratosphere (CLaMS). Although the current transport scheme in CLaMS shows good ability of representing transport of tracers in the stably stratified stratosphere (Pommrich et al., (2014) and the references therein), there are deficiencies in representation of the effects of convective uplift and mixing due to weak vertical stability in the troposphere. We show how the CLaMS transport scheme was modified by including additional tropospheric mixing and vertical transport due to unresolved convection by parametrizing these processes in terms of the dry and moist Brunt-Vaisala frequency, respectively. The regions with enhanced vertical transport in the novel CLaMS simulation covering the 2005-08 period coincide with regions of enhanced convection as diagnosed from the satellite observations of the Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR). We analyze how well this approach improves the CLaMS representation of CO2 in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, in particular the propagation of the CO2 seasonal cycle from the Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) into the lower stratosphere. The CO2 values in the PBL are specified by the CarbonTracker data set (version CT2013B) and the Comprehensive Observation Network for TRace gases by AIrLiner (CONTRAIL) observations are used to validate the model. The proposed extension of tropospheric transport increases the tropospheric influence in the middle and upper troposphere and at the same time influences the STE. The effect on mean age away from the troposphere in the deep stratosphere is weak.
Reconstructed natural runoff suggests imbalance in water scarcity between upstream and downstream regions of China's river basins
Authors: Zhou Xinyao , Yang Yonghui , Sheng Zhuping
Published: July 2018

Abstract. The increasing conflicts for water resources appeal for chronological insight into the imbalance water scarcity between upstream and downstream regions. While the changes of water scarcity in whole basins have been widely analysed, the divergent development of water scarcity between upstream and downstream regions received little concern. Here non-anthropologically intervened runoff (natural runoff) was first reconstructed in China's 67 basins for the period 1961–2010 using the Fu–Budyko framework and then systematically evaluated in comparison with the observed data. Divergent changes in water scarcity, including water stress and water shortage, between upstream and downstream regions were analyzed for the period of 1980s–2000s. The results showed that surface water withdrawal rapidly increased from 140.8 billion m3 (9 % of natural runoff) in 1980s to 189.7 billion m3 (14 %) in 2000s, with 73 % increase occurring in North China (North of the Yangtze River). This led to severe water scarcity of approximately 0.4 billion people (29 % of population) in 2000s in comparison with only ~ 0.2 billion people (17 %) in the 1980s, with all increase of water scarcity-threaten population in North China. Since 1990s, the increase of upstream water withdrawal came along with the decrease of downstream surface water availability in most northern basins, leading to slower increase in upstream water scarcity and faster increase in downstream water scarcity. Even though restrict water management policy restrained upstream surface water withdrawal in some northern basins over latest decade, the effect of such a reduction in upstream surface water withdrawal was too little to stop the continued decline in downstream surface water accessibility. Meanwhile, semi-arid/humid basins are following in the footsteps of arid basins by rapidly increasing upstream surface water withdrawal. The Chinese case study provides an all-round observation of the imbalance upstream–downstream development in water scarcity, as well as the experiences and lessons from different water management strategies.
Attributing the 2017 Bangladesh floods from meteorological and
hydrological perspectives
Authors: Philip Sjoukje , Sparrow Sarah , Kew Sarah F. , van der Wiel Karin , Wanders Niko , Singh Roop , Hassan Ahmadul , Mohammed Khaled , Javid Hammad , Haustein Karsten , Otto Friederike E.L. , Hirpa Feyera , Rimi Ruksana H. , Islam AKM Saiful , Wallom David C.H. , van Oldenborgh Geert Jan
Published: July 2018

Abstract. In August 2017 Bangladesh faced one of its worst river flooding events in recent history. This paper presents for the first time an attribution of this precipitation-induced flooding from a combined meteorological and hydrological perspective. Experiments were conducted with three observational data sets and two climate models to estimate changes in extreme 10-day precipitation event frequency over the Brahmaputra basin. The precipitation fields were then used as meteorological input for four different hydrological models to estimate the corresponding changes in river discharge, allowing for comparison between approaches and for the robustness of the attribution results to be assessed. In all three observational precipitation data sets the climate change trends for extreme precipitation similar to observed in August 2017 are not significant, however in two out of three series, the sign of this insignificant trend is positive. One climate model shows a significant positive influence of anthropogenic climate change, whereas the other simulates a cancellation between the increase due to greenhouse gases and a decrease due to sulphate aerosols. Considering discharge rather than precipitation, the hydrological models show that attribution of the change in discharge towards higher values is somewhat less uncertain than for precipitation, but the 95 % confidence interval still encompasses no change in risk. For the future, all models project an increase in probability of extreme events at 2 °C global heating since pre-industrial times, becoming more than 1.7 times more likely for high 10-day precipitation, and about a factor 1.5 more likely for discharge. Our best estimate on the trend in flooding events similar to the Brahmaputra event of August 2017 is derived by synthesizing the observational and model results: We find the change in risk to be greater than one and of similar order of magnitude (between 1 and 2) for both the meteorological and hydrological approach. This study shows that, for precipitation-induced flooding events, investigating changes in precipitation is useful, either as an alternative when hydrological models are not available, or as an additional measure to confirm qualitative conclusions. Besides, it highlights the importance of using multiple models in attribution studies, particularly where the climate change signal is not strong relative to natural variability or is confounded by other factors such as aerosols.
Tsunami Hazard assessment and Scenarios Database for the Tsunami Warning System for the coast of Oman
Authors: Aniel-Quiroga Íñigo , Álvarez-Gómez José A. , González Mauricio , Martínez Sánchez Jara , Parro Laura M. , Aguirre-Ayerbe Ignacio , Fernández Felipe , Medina Raúl , Al-Yahyai Sultan
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Advances in the understanding of tsunami impacts allow developing products to assess its consequences in tsunami-prone areas, as it is the case of the coast of the Sultanate of Oman. This paper presents the followed methodology and the obtained results for the assessment of the tsunami hazard of the coast of Oman and the development of the scenario database that feeds its Tsunami Warning System (TWS). Initially, a seismo-tectonic analysis of the area was carried out, focused on identifying the seismic areas whose earthquakes could generate tsunamis affecting the coast of Oman. A database of 3181 tsunamigenic sources was characterized by means of the parameters that define their focal mechanisms. This database includes scenarios with magnitudes Mw ranging from 6.5 to 9.25 within the study area, but it is especially focused on the Makran Subduction Zone (MSZ). The 3181 cases were numerically propagated to feed the database and to work as precomputed scenarios for the TWS: In case of tsunami, the results for the closest precomputed scenario (in location and magnitude) are shown. From the database, 7 worst-case scenarios were selected and computationally simulated at national and local scale, in 9 municipalities all along the coast of Oman, resulting in tsunami hazard maps containing relevant variables in the flooded area, such as the inundation water depth and the drag level (hazard degree for people instability). Finally, in order to manage conveniently the results, an online tool, called Multi-Hazard Risk Assessment System (MHRAS), was developed. This tool is a viewer that contains an easy-to-use application, including the results of the tsunami hazard assessment and the tsunami scenario database, and the selection algorithm to choose the proper case among the precomputed ones. The results of this research are part of the National Multi-Hazard Early Warning System of Oman (NMHEWS).
An Assessment of the Impact of Performance Management on Employee and Organization Performance - Evidence from Selected Private Organizations in Tanzania
Authors: Samwel Janes O.
Published: July 2018

Performance management is one of the important key activities performed by organizations to monitor the performance of their employees. Organizations must regularly evaluate the performance of their employees in order to understand their current and future abilities. The purpose of this paper is to assess the impact of performance management on employee and organizational performance. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey research design and involved a sample size of 120 human resource officers and managers from selected private organizations in Tanzania. Data was collected using structured questionnaires and interviews and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and the results presented using tables. The findings of the study reveal that private organizations practice performance management and have effective performance management system to evaluate/appraise the performance of their employees. Moreover, the findings reveal that there is a significant relationship between performance management and employee performance as well as between performance management and organizational performance. The study recommends the need of the private organizations to maintain and continue practising and implementing effective performance management systems, also to continue evaluating the performance of their employees frequently because it helps to determine training needs and at the same time acts as a motivational strategy hence leads to a better performance of employees and organization.
A Prospective Evaluation of a Modified Belt-Loop Gastropexy in 100 Dogs with Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus
Authors: Formaggini Luca , Degna Matteo Tommasini
Published: July 2018

Gastropexy is a surgical technique performed to prevent and decrease the recurrence rate of gastric dilatation and volvulus (GDV). The objective of this prospective, a descriptive cohort study on 100 client-owned dogs who were presented with GDV, is to describe a modified belt-loop gastropexy and determine its intraoperative complications and long-term efficacy.

The transversus abdominis muscle was used to make an oblique belt-loop. A seromuscular antral fold, instead of a seromuscular antral flap, was passed through the belt-loop, and then, the passed portion of the antral fold was sutured to the dissected edge of the abdominal wall. Intraoperative complications related to gastropexy were recorded, and the incidence of GDV recurrence was determined a minimum of 1 yr postoperatively via telephone with the referring veterinarians and the owners. There were no intraoperative complications related to the modified belt-loop gastropexy technique. Based on follow-up conversations, none of the dogs presented signs of GDV recurrence during the follow-up period. Based on the results, there is strong clinical evidence that a modified belt-loop gastropexy prevents recurrence of GDV in dogs surviving an acute episode.
Approaches to Canine Heartworm Disease Treatment Among Alumni of a Single College of Veterinary Medicine
Authors: Dixon-Jimenez Amy C. , Coleman Amanda E. , Rapoport Gregg S. , Creevy Kate E. , Roth Ira , Correa Maria , Moorhead Andrew R.
Published: July 2018

This descriptive study was designed to ascertain the current heartworm treatment strategies employed by veterinary graduates of a single college of veterinary medicine, to assess the frequency with which each of these treatment strategies is prescribed, and to report the motivation behind the use of these treatment strategies. A survey containing a combination of multiple-choice and open-ended questions was distributed via e-mail with an online link during 2013 to graduates of the University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine. Demographic data and opinions regarding treatment for cases of canine heartworm disease (HWD) were obtained, and motivation for recommending different treatment strategies was assessed. Nearly all 170 respondents (99%) indicated that they recommend melarsomine dihydrochloride for first-line treatment of canine HWD. Exercise restriction (80%) and monthly heartworm preventive (75%) were components of the treatment approach to HWD with no clinical signs. The majority of respondents (74%) indicated that when first-line treatment recommendations were declined, they endorsed long-term administration of ivermectin (i.e., “slow-kill” method) despite current American Heartworm Society guidelines that recommend against the use of long-term macrocyclic lactone administration for the monotherapy treatment of canine HWD. Respondents also indicated that owners’ financial concerns frequently result in modification of HWD treatment. Routine inclusion of exercise restriction is commonly, but not universally, utilized and may represent an opportunity for improvement in the management of this disease. In addition, when first-line recommendations for heartworm disease treatment are declined, a two-dose melarsomine protocol instead of the slow-kill method should be considered.
Pericardial Hemangiosarcoma in a 10-Year-Old Papillon
Authors: DeSandre-Robinson Dana M. , Quina Mariana T. , Lurie David M.
Published: July 2018

A 10 yr old papillon was evaluated for lethargy, inappetence, tachypnea, and labored breathing. Physical examination findings included dehydration, tachypnea, tachycardia, and muffled heart sounds. Thoracic radiographs revealed an enlarged cardiac silhouette. Echocardiography revealed a mild volume of pericardial effusion and no evidence of right atrial tamponade or a cardiac-associated mass. Cytological analysis of the pericardial effusion was consistent with blood. There was no evidence of neoplasia. Coagulation parameters were within normal limits. Initial treatment consisted of pericardiocentesis. A subtotal pericardiectomy was later performed. No surgical complications were noted, and the dog was discharged 2 days following surgery. Results of the histological examination of the pericardium revealed hemangiosarcoma. Treatment with doxorubicin was initiated 12 days after surgery, at which time, pulmonary metastasis was suspected. The dog survived for 18 days after subtotal pericardiectomy, when it was euthanized because of complications presumably related to pulmonary metastatic disease. This is the first published report of primary pericardial hemangiosarcoma. The dog had a short survival time; thus, the response to subtotal pericardiectomy combined with adjuvant doxorubicin treatment could not be determined. Pulmonary metastatic disease was suspected 12 days following surgery. Based on this case report, pericardial hemangiosarcoma carries a guarded prognosis.
Intramural Abscess Causing Obstruction at a Previous Jejunal Enterotomy Site in a Dog
Authors: Smeak Daniel Dwight , Turner Hannah , Hoon-Hanks Laura
Published: July 2018

This case report documents a novel late surgical complication in a 2 yr old dog following an enterotomy to remove a jejunal foreign body. Twenty-six days following the original surgery, the dog was re-presented with signs consistent with an intestinal obstruction. A mural intestinal abscess was found as the cause of the obstruction during exploratory surgery, and the site was successfully removed with a resection and anastomosis. Histopathology showed multifocal abscessation with cyst-like structures partially lined with mucosa. The dog recovered without complication and remains healthy 4 mo later. The exact cause of the lesion is not known; however, local contamination through a focal mucosal defect or complications related to the use of barbed suture in the original enterotomy repair may have contributed.
Editorial
Authors: Carballo Palma Anielka Patricia
Published: July 2018

La Revista Universidad y Ciencia presenta en este número una contribución al sector ganadero con la propuesta del efecto sobre la producción y calidad de la leche al usar harina de guácimo y guanacaste.  También se pueden leer dos artículos de salud, los cuales realizan estudios de caso, uno referido a los riesgos evisceración en pacientes sometidos a laparotomía y el segundo sobre toxoplasmosis ocular.
Efecto sobre la producción y calidad de leche de la suplementación con harina de guácimo y Guanacaste
Authors: Laguna Gámez Julio Cesar , Ordóñez Rodríguez Margarita
Published: July 2018

El experimento se realizó en la finca San Ramón, propiedad del señor Leonardo Castro, comunidad La Lima, San Ramón, Matagalpa.  Se empleó un diseño Balanced Complete Block Crossover Design, compuesto de dos tratamientos y un testigo.  El primer tratamiento consistió en someter tres vacas de raza Jersey de 360 kg a consumir la alimentación habitual que el productor les proporciona que consiste en Pasto Taiwán (Pennisetum purpureum) este fue el testigo.  El segundo tratamiento 2 kg de harina de guácimo (Guazuma ulmifolia).  El tercer tratamiento 2 kg de harina de guanacaste (Enterolobium cyclocarpum). Cada tratamiento con tres periodos y los periodos fueron las repeticiones, cada unidad experimental constituida por una vaca en lactación.  Cada tratamiento tuvo una duración de 12 días, con tres días de adaptación, seis días de evaluación y tres días de descanso, para una duración total de 36 días.  Las variables en estudio fueron la producción de leche y la calidad de la leche.  Se realizaron ANDEVA para cada variable y Prueba de rangos múltiple de Duncan.  Se determinó que harina de frutos de guanacaste contiene un nivel proteico de 20.42 % y harina de guácimo un 8.81 % mediante análisis bromatológico.  La suplementación con harina de guácimo incrementa la producción de leche hasta un 15.58% con respecto a la suplementación testigo. Se demuestra que la harina de guanacaste mejora la calidad de la leche en materia grasa y sólidos totales
Visita de estudios a Madrid en el Marco del Proyecto IRUDESCA
Authors: Gago García Violeta
Published: July 2018

La visita de estudio a Madrid fue la actividad final de una fase de “formación de 24 formadores en emprendimiento de 12 universidades de Centroamérica” contemplada en el marco del Proyecto IRUDESCA, que se inició en el mes de julio 2017 el cual fue liderado por la la Universidad Camilo José Cela (España), Escuela Superior de Comercio de París (ESCP Europe, sede Madrid) y Dinamia Sociedad Cooperativa (España). En la visita se conocieron nuevas formas de emprendimiento y estructuras empresariales, modelos de integración económica y cooperación empresarial europea. Este profesorado será el responsable de la formación a alumnos y Gerencias Asistidas posteriores. Para la UNAN-Managua fueron asignadas las Maestras, Misty Ramos y Violeta Gago.
Developing a quantitative hunting regionalization framework: A new game management tool
Authors: Rios-Saldaña C. Antonio , Farfán Miguel A. , Castro Francisca , Vargas Mario , Villafuerte Rafael
Published: July 2018

Aim of study: Monitoring and control the hunting activity is primordial to guarantee its sustainability. However, the governmental agencies responsible to manage hunting commonly are unable to adequately do this job because the thousands of small private hunting states, associated exclusively by political-administrative criteria. In this work, we provided a new management tool through the establishment of a hunting regions system.Area of study: Castilla-La Mancha region, central Spain.Material and methods: We used a two-stage procedure to establish the environmental units than, afterwards, were characterized on a set of hunting variables.Main results: We generate a hunting regionalization with 12 hunting regions and proposed regional hunting yields for each of the hunting regions.Research highlights: The use of hunting regions will permit to define the game management practices more appropriately on a large scale, but also, will facilitate the tasks of assessment, management and monitoring of game of the number hunting states included in each hunting region.
“É o que está acontecendo“: proposição didática para o desenvolvimento do letramento em língua estrangeira a partir do gênero tweet
Authors: Da Silva Aldimeres Ferraz , Moreno Ticiane Rafaela De Andrade
Published: July 2018

Desenvolvemos esta proposta didática para o ensino de línguas estrangeiras, destinada ao Ensino Médio, visando formar alunos autores críticos e reflexivos na cibercultura. Para tanto, utilizamos como cunho teórico-metodológico a Pedagogia dos Multiletramentos (GRUPO DE NOVA LONDRES, 2000; ROJO, 2012), buscando desenvolver o letramento digital, crítico, colaborativo e multissemiótico, a partir do processo de escrita colaborativa (ALLEN et al, 1997; MARCHIORI, GREEF, 2014; LOWRY, CURTIS, LORWY, 2004) e do estudo do gênero textual tweet (SILVA, 2013). De modo geral, desejamos que este trabalho possa contribuir com o ensino-aprendizagem de língua estrangeira na educação pública brasileira e, sobretudo, se constitua como caminho didático-metodológico a ser percorrido e lapidado no dia a dia das salas de aula, em prol da formação de alunos críticos e humanamente envolvidos na sociedade tecnológica contemporânea.
Leitura e produção de textos digitais: uma abordagem multimidiática do gênero meme
Authors: De Almeida Danielly , Amaral Tuanny Gomes Siqueira
Published: July 2018

O presente trabalho tem como principal objetivo apresentar uma proposta didática para o trabalho com o gênero meme, numa perspectiva multimidiática. Tal estudo se faz necessário devido ao impacto que o gênero causa em redes sociais, dentre as quais destacamos o Facebook como foco de nossa pesquisa. Dentro dessa perspectiva, propomos o trabalho com o gênero meme para o ensino de língua inglesa e, por meio de estratégias baseadas em estudos do letramento digital e dos multiletramentos, juntamente à vertente didática do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo, elaboramos uma Sequência didática que permita explorar as características do gênero para sua leitura e produção textual.
The effects of oat bran and soy flour on humoral immune response in rats fed hypercholesterolaemic diets
Authors: Lobato Luciana Pereira , Fernandes Eduardo Vignoto , Juliani Luiz Carlos , Ferrari Osny , Ramos Solange de Paula , Gerez Juliana Rubia , Vanat Niara , Balarin Mara Regina Stipp , Venancio Emerson José , Grossmann Maria Victoria Eiras
Published: July 2018

Previous studies have demonstrated the immunological and hypercholesterolaemic effects of soluble dietary fibre and soy protein in rats. In this study, we evaluated the effects of oat bran and soy flour on humoral immune response in Wistar rats fed hypercholesterolaemic diets. Animals (6 groups) fed with different diets for 6 wks were inoculated twice with antigen (IgY). Plasma samples were collected after each inoculation and anti-IgY antibody (IgM, IgG1 and IgG2a) levels were evaluated by ELISA. Animals receiving 1% cholesterol presented an increase in anti-IgY IgG1 and a reduction in anti-IgY IgM and IgG2a relative to control animals. These effects were abrogated in animals fed 1% cholesterol and oat bran or oat bran+soy protein, but not in animals fed 1% cholesterol and soy protein. Diets containing 1% cholesterol resulted in hepatic lesions and higher liver and spleen relative weights, but did not affect lipid profile, weight gain, food intake, or food conversion efficiency. In conclusion, a high-cholesterol diet influences classes of antibodies produced in response to an antigen in a way that can be reversed by oat bran.
Percepções de mulheres que utilizaram substâncias psicoativas durante a gestação quanto ao atendimento do profissional
Authors: Nascimento Vagner Ferreira do , Karla Corrêa Ingrid , Pereira Terças Ana Cláudia , Guimarães Lemes Alisséia , Villar Luis Margarita Antonia
Published: July 2018

Este estudo teve como objetivo conhecer as percepções de mulheres que utilizaram substâncias psicoativas durante a gestação quanto ao atendimento do profissional. Seguiu-se o método descritivoexploratório e com abordagem qualitativa. Participaram da pesquisa onze mulheres que utilizaram álcool e/ou outras substâncias psicoativas durante a gestação. A coleta de dados foi realizada entre março e maio de 2017 através de entrevista semiestruturada gravada. Utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo, à luz da Teoria de Peplau. A partir das narrativas, emergiram duas categorias: descoberta da condição de adicta pelo profissional e pontos positivos e negativos nos atendimentos. As participantes do estudo demonstraram satisfação pelas consultas de pré-natal, mas sinalizaram como ponto negativo a demora nos atendimentos, a comunicação difícil de médicos e formas desrespeitosas no cuidado hospitalar, passando por situações de violência. Diante disso, é importante rever a assistência ofertada às gestantes, em especial na condição de usuárias de drogas, para atenuar prognósticos materno-fetais desfavoráveis e não prejudicar a construção e manutenção das relações interpessoais entre clientes e profissionais.
Avaliação da acurácia de dois glicosímetros veterinários para uso em cães
Authors: Correa Maria Lopes , Leme Fabiola de Oliveira Paes , Val Adriane Pimenta da Costa
Published: July 2018

Os glicosímetros (GT) são estratégia importante para mensuração da glicemia. Devem estar dentro das especificações da ISO 15197:2013 e avaliados pela análise da grade de erros. Objetivou-se avaliar a acurácia de dois glicosímetros veterinários (GT1 e GT2), pela comparação dos valores de glicemia mensurados em sangue capilar, com aqueles fornecidos por métodos laboratoriais de referência em amostras plasmáticas, transformadas ou não em valores de plasma equivalente. Na avaliação de GT1 em amostras de sangue capilar e o método laboratorial hexoquinase obtiveram-se média das diferenças de 25,90 mg/dL e 26 % das amostras recaíram sobre os limites propostos pela ISO15197: 2013. A comparação de GT1 aos valores de glicemia estimados para plasma equivalente, mostrou média de diferenças de 10,89 mg/dL e 99 % das amostras atenderam aos limites pretendidos. Comparações avaliação de GT2 e o método laboratorial glicose oxidase em amostras de sangue total capilar, a média das diferenças foi 10,58 mg/dL e 22 % das amostras atenderam aos intervalos propostos pela ISO15197: 2013; quando avaliado pela glicemia estimada para plasma equivalente, a média das diferenças foi de 9,7029 mg/dL e 99% das amostras atenderam aos limites. Quando avaliados pela grade de erros de erros, 87% das amostras avaliadas por GT1 recaíram sobre as zonas de erros A e B e aquelas avaliadas por GT2 apresentaram 86% das amostras sobre tais zonas. Os glicosímetros avaliados não apresentaram a acurácia para mensuração da glicemia capilar conforme os padrões expostos pela normativa ISO 15197:2013.
A aplicação pelo juiz de medida diversa da estabelecida em sentença judicial condenatória: uma análise do ativismo e do garantismo judicial
Authors: Pinheiro Paulo Roberto Meyer , Barbosa Camila Gomes , Barreto Lima Martonio Mont'Alverne
Published: July 2018

A presente pesquisa analisa as decisões judiciais que estabelecem formas de cumprimento diversas do aplicado ao sentenciado, em virtude da ausência de vagas em estabelecimentos penais adequados. Tal ato do Poder Judiciário representa o exercício do ativismo judicial para a garantia de direitos fundamentais do preso, em especial, o direito da dignidade da pessoa humana. No desenvolvimento deste trabalho, examinaram-se as nuances do ativismo e do garantismo penal, bem como as decisões judiciais que aplicam regime diferenciado de pena diverso do estabelecido. A metodologia utilizada foi do tipo bibliográfica e documental, de abordagem qualitativa, com fins descritivos e exploratórios, concluindo-se que a aplicação do regime menos gravoso de pena, quando da ausência de vagas, no âmbito do sistema penitenciário, promove o garantismo penal por meio do ativismo judicial, como forma de concretização dos direitos e garantias individuais dos presos dispostos na Constituição Federal de 1988.
Imposto de renda da pessoa física e pessoalidade: uma relação precária e em deterioração
Authors: Canuto Coelho André Felipe , Borba Bruna Estima
Published: July 2018

O presente artigo compõe uma série de estudos que investiga o grau de concretização do princípio da capacidade econômica no que se refere ao imposto de renda das pessoas físicas (IRPF). Neste artigo, em especial, é pesquisada a natureza pessoal deste imposto. Utilizando o método indutivo e por meio da revisão doutrinária, normativa e jurisprudencial, as características deste imposto são analisadas.  Mediante o exame de dados disponibilizados pela Secretaria da Receita Federal, abrangendo o período de 2001 a 2014 e relativos aos grandes números dos rendimentos e deduções declarados, pretende-se demonstrar a precariedade da pessoalidade do IRPF e sua deterioração ao longo do período analisado.
Requisitos de projeto para o desenvolvimento de jogos digitais utilizando a interface natural orientados aos idosos
Authors: Bravo Pillon Carolina , Pierre da Silva Régio , Skilhan de Almeida Carla
Published: July 2018

O aumento da população de idosos implica em ações específicas para atender as suas necessidades e exigências. Nesse sentido, essa pesquisa visa oferecer suporte teórico e metodológico para o desenvolvimento de jogos digitais que atendam às necessidades dos idosos. Objetivo: estabelecer um conjunto de requisitos de projeto para apoiar o desenvolvimento de jogos digitais que utilizam a interface natural, a partir da perspectiva dos usuários idosos, a fim de contribuir para a melhora na qualidade de vida. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo de caso realizado durante oito semanas com três idosos frequentadores do projeto de extensão do Centro de Estudos de Lazer e Atividade Física do Idoso (Celari) da Escola de Educação Física (ESEF) da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Resultados: por meio da aplicação do Desdobramento da Função Qualidade (QFD), foi obtido um conjunto de requisitos de projeto sistematizados de acordo com o grau de importância atribuído pelos usuários idosos. Conclusões: os resultados encontrados nessa pesquisa podem, eventualmente, orientar o desenvolvimento de um jogo digital utilizando a interface natural para os idosos.
Antropologia e design: um estudo bibliométrico sobre a pesquisa antropológica em conexão com o design dentro de revistas científicas
Authors: Teixeira Samanta Aline , Apolinário Gomes Caroline , Hernán Boschilha Lastra Erick , Sasaoka Silvia , Paschoarelli Luis Carlos
Published: July 2018

O presente estudo objetiva ampliar a compreensão sobre antropologia no campo do design através de uma coleta de dados bibliométricos baseados em quatro revistas científicas. Consideram-se as revistas Estudos em Design, Horizontes Antropológicos, Revista Brasileira de Ciências Sociais e uma análise detalhada na revista Design Studies. Investiga-se a pesquisa científica entre antropologia e design e como essas áreas se conectam para gerar novas formas de conhecimento.
Adoção por casais do mesmo sexo: relatos de psicólogos do Judiciário
Authors: Ximenes Flávia , Scorsolini-Comin Fabio
Published: July 2018

Este estudo exploratório teve como objetivo investigar concepções de psicólogos que atuam no Judiciário acerca da adoção por casais do mesmo sexo. Participaram quatro psicólogos que atuam em Tribunais de Justiça dos Estados de Minas Gerais e São Paulo. As entrevistas semiestruturadas foram audiogravadas, transcritas, analisadas vertical e horizontalmente. Categorias encontradas: formação profissional; compreensão sobre a adoção; contato com processos de adoção por casais do mesmo sexo; perspectivas sobre a adoção por casais do mesmo sexo e a atuação da Psicologia nesse contexto. Três dos participantes já tiveram contato com esses processos de adoção. As principais dificuldades foram a escassez de conhecimentos e o preconceito que permeia o sistema judiciário no Brasil. Conclui-se que profissionais necessitam não apenas de formação específica sobre a área e a temática, mas também reflexão constante acerca de suas práticas, o que pode orientar os currículos em cursos de graduação e pós-graduação em Psicologia.
Classificação orientada a objeto (GEOBIA) aplicada à análise das alterações do uso e cobertura da terra da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio da Prata em Jardim e Bonito - MS
Authors: Coêlho do Nascimento Silva Laís , Matheus Bacani Vitor Matheus Bacani
Published: July 2018

O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar as mudanças no uso e cobertura da terra da bacia hidrográfica do Rio da Prata, MS, no período de 1986 a 2016, a partir da abordagem de classificação orientada a objeto (GEOBIA - Geographic Object-Based Image Analysis). Utilizaram-se as imagens Landsat 5, sensor TM (Thematic Mapper) para os anos de 1986, 1996 e 2006 e Landsat 8, sensor OLI (Operational Land Imager) para o ano de 2016. Aplicando técnicas de sensoriamento remoto e geoprocessamento, utilizou-se o software Envi 5.1 para a correção radiométrica e atmosférica e para classificação orientada a objeto: o Ecogntion 9, além do Arcgis 10.3. Foram definidas sete classes de uso da terra: agricultura, corpos aquosos, florestal, pastagem, áreas úmidas, vegetação arbórea e reflorestamento. Os resultados indicaram uma expansão agropecuária e consequentemente um decréscimo das áreas de vegetação arbórea. No período de 1986 a 2016, a pastagem teve um aumento de 13,11%, já as áreas de vegetação arbórea tiveram uma supressão de 21,37%. Sendo assim, destaca-se a importância da análise do uso da terra, com auxílio do sensoriamento remoto e geoprocessamento, para indicar estratégias para ordenamento ambiental na bacia do Rio da Prata, MS.
Contestado: o sagrado e o profano de uma guerra secular
Authors: Fraga Nilson Cesar , Gonçalves Cleverson , Galvão Cavatorta Mateus
Published: July 2018

A Guerra do Contestado ocorreu no início do século XX e foi um dos maiores conflitos da história do Brasil, porém é um fato ocultado pelo Estado Brasileiro e pelo estado do Paraná, é uma ferida aberta em ambos, e quando aborda-se o tema, é com preconceito, tratando os povos Caboclos como ignorantes e fanáticos religiosos. Fora da região envolvida com o combate pouco se dá importância ao tema, esse artigo não busca apontar os vilões e heróis, mas sim proporcionar uma reflexão sobre o tema, reflexões que partem mais do que um aspecto histórico, buscando análises através de elementos do sagrado e do profano que envolve-se com a Guerra. Conflito, que a mais de cem anos vem se alastrando em uma região marcada por uma forte desigualdade social.