bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of The Factors Affecting The Latent Period of Periviable Premature Rupture of Membranes Cases and Evaluation of Newborn Outcomes
Authors: kantarci Sercan , Karabulut Alaattin , Bulut Sertac , Cetinel Bilgesu , Ekin Atalay
Published: July 2024

OBJECTIVE: To determine the factors associated with the latent period in patients with periviable period PROM.
METHODS: 106 pregnant women were included in the study. All pregnant women with ruptured membranes between 22 and 26 weeks of age, who gave birth in our hospital and whose data can be accessed, were included in the study. Maternal and Neonatal characteristics were recorded
RESULTS The difference was found to be statistically significant. When the C-Reactive Protein (CRP) values of the patients at the time of admission were grouped as negative (<5) and positive (>5), it was seen that the average latent period of the negative group was 18.9 (±17.05) days and the positive group was 8.47(17,07) days.Chorioamnionitis was observed in 8 patients among 31 newborns whose data we could access. There is a statistically significant relationship between chorioamnionitis and NEC. (p=0.043)
CONCLUSION: When the factors that may affect the latent period were examined, it was seen that the latent period of the group in which tocolysis was used was statistically significantly longer (p=0.001). A statistically significantly longer latent period was observed in the group with a negative (<5) CRP value at the time of admission, compared to the group with a positive (>5) CRP value (p=0.001). It was observed that there was a statistically significant negative correlation between PROM week and latent period.(r=-0.361),p=.00)
“I need to change something before I drown”: Experiences Related to Turning Points in Leaving Abusive Relationships among Mothers in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Mantler Tara , Davidson Cara A. , Jackson Kimberley T. , Tryphonopoulous Panagiota , Stevenson Paige
Published: July 2024

Purpose: Intimate partner violence (IPV) – a global, pervasive, and significant public health concern – is a form of gender-based violence. Approximately one third of women in Canada experience IPV. With well-established negative health and psychosocial impacts of violence on mothers and their children, mothers’ decision to leave an abusive relationship is an important area of study. It has been suggested that there are ‘turning points’, events that initiate or precede the leaving process,in motherhood which are influenced by an awakened maternal identity as well as variable individual and sociocultural factors. Given that these factors are not well understood in the Canadian context, this study aimed to address the question, “How do Ontario mothers who have experienced IPV describe turning points”?
Methods: Nested within a larger, mixed-methods study, this post-hoc case study was grounded in Secco et al.’s (2016) understanding of awakened maternal identity and involved in-depth interviews with five mothers.
Results:Three distinct but interrelated themes emerged, including the mental shifts stemming from increased risk to the child(ren), planning to leave and prioritizing what is needed to ensure the safety of the child(ren), and the decision to leave which was made when mothers perceived the relationship to be over either as a result of culmination of events or a singular event that endangered the child(ren).
Conclusion: Mothers are faced with complex and challenging decisions around leaving abusive relationships, but ultimately are driven by doing what was best for their children. The findings from this study add to a small, but important body of knowledge around the experiences of mothers facing IPV in Ontario, Canada.
Protein crowding effects on hydration water dynamics
Authors: Torre Renato , Caminiti Luigi , Taddei Maria , Catalini Sara , Bartolini Paolo , Taschin Andrea
Published: July 2024

Water is not only a solvent in which biological molecules are dissolved, but it also plays an essential and active role in the proper development of biological processes within living organism. Water hydration shell surrounds biomolecules and has a plasticizing impact on their backbone, allowing them to execute their physiological activity in biochemical processes and biophysical modulations. Although the essential role of water in biology is evident, the comprehension of hydration water properties remains limited; the mutual influence between the protein surface and the hydration layers, on regulating structure and dynamics, remains a strongly debated question. In particular, the experimental and simulation findings on fast dynamics of hydration water are still controversial. We propose a time-resolved optical Kerr effect study of the structural and vibrational dynamics of the hydration water surrounding lysozyme on a very fast time scale. Measurements as a function of lysozyme concentration makes it possible to distinguish the hydration water contribution from that of both the bulk water and the protein. Our results provide the experimental evidence of the existence of two structural dynamics of hydration water, associated respectively with a hydrogen bond exchange relaxation process and with the reorganization of water molecules induced by protein structural fluctuations. Likewise, we evaluated the vibrational dynamics of the water hydration layer at sub-picosecond time scales. Our study of the dynamics of hydration water reveals a lysozyme clustering phenomenon prompted by the self-crowding environment, which is associated with the liquid-liquid phase separation mechanisms inherent in these protein solutions.
Parents' Preferences for Herbal Supplements in Managing Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders
Authors: Bükülmez Ayşegül , Köroğlu Ayşegül , Baş Melike Taşdelen
Published: July 2024

Gastrointestinal diseases in children and adolescents lead to a considerable impairment of the quality of life of children and parents. Accordingly, there are considerable socio-economic consequences for the family and society. Parents concerned about their children may seek alternative treatments and opt for traditional herbal supplements. The aim of this study was to determine the utilisation status and variety of herbal supplements by parents of children with functional gastrointestinal disorders. 216 study participants were given a socio-demographic questionnaire, a diagnostic questionnaire based on the ROME-IV criteria and a questionnaire with 20 plant names used in traditional treatments. 33.3% of parents reported using "ginger" for their children who were infants and suffered from infantile regurgitation. The herb most preferred by parents for their children with functional gastrointestinal disorders in childhood and adolescence was "garden mint" (28.9%). 57.9% of the parents participating in the study stated that they preferred plants/herbal supplements for their children. In addition, 40% of the participants stated that they use the plants with the advice of the referral. As a result, it has been shown that parents tend to use plants or herbal supplements, that they need to be educated in the use of these supplements and that they need access to the right plant and to reliable supplements derived from the right plant.
The non-pathogenic strain Fusarium oxysporum FO12 enhances sunflower and wheat performance by altering the phytohormone profile and soil properties
Authors: Sevillano-Caño Jesús , Agustí-Brisach Carlos , García-Mina José María , Zamarreño Ángel María , de Torre Vidal Barrón López , Sánchez-Rodríguez Antonio Rafael
Published: July 2024

Aims
Endophytic fungi (EF) such as the non-pathogenic strain Fusarium oxysporum FO12 have emerged as useful allies for plants as they could promote plant growth and protect from stresses. However, there remain some uncertainties about their performance under natural soil conditions and the effectiveness of some inoculation methods. The objective of this study was to assess the ability of FO12 to enhance plant growth and nutrition in sunflower and wheat plants grown on four different soils with contrasting fertility.
Methods
To bridge this gap in knowledge, we conducted in vitro and in vivo assays to assess the potential of FO12 for enhancing plant growth and nutrition in sunflower and wheat plants grown on non-calcareous and calcareous soils with contrasting availability of nutrients (Fe, Zn and P); and the effectiveness of two different FO12 application methods: seed dressing (Sd) and soil treatment (St).
Results
FO12 altered the pH of the culture medium, and increased Fe availability by 202%, Zn availability by 52% and P availability by 7% (in vitro). Both FO12 application methods boosted plant growth in by increasing plant height and sunflower and wheat reproductive biomass by up to 27−31% and 28-34% in non-calcareous and calcareous soils, respectively. FO12 additionally increased macro- and micronutrient uptake, especially with St. Finally, the fungus induced changes in plant phytohormone profile, but mainly with Sd.
Conclusions
FO12 stimulates plant growth by altering soil properties and physiological plant processes, and its effects on plant nutrition and production depend on the plant species and soil type.
Damped Coulomb explosion of a cluster core encapsulated in a He nanodroplet
Authors: Schomas Dominik , Heidenreich Andreas , Medina Cristian , Ltaief Ltaief Ben , Mandal Suddhasattwa , Krishnan Sivarama , Michiels Rupert , Debatin Markus , Stienkemeier Frank , Toleikis Sven , Passow Christopher , Ekanayake Nagitha , Ott Christian , Moshammer Robert , Pfeifer Thomas , Mudrich Marcel
Published: July 2024

The dynamics of an x-ray ionized two-component core-shell nanosystem is experimentally probed using doped helium (He) nanodroplets. First, a soft x-ray pump pulse selectively inner-shell ionizes the core cluster of heavy rare-gas atoms, causing electron migration from the He shell to the highly-charged core. This leads to a strong damping of the core cluster’s spatial expansion. Thus, He droplets act as a tamper that reduces the radiation damage of embedded nanostructures, a property that could be exploited for improving x-ray coherent diffraction images. A near-infrared probe pulse, igniting and then driving the formation of a He nanoplasma, is used to obtain time-resolved information about the tamper effect. As evidenced by molecular dynamics simulations, the tamper effect is manifested by the time constant of the falling edge of the pump-probe signal curve.
Study on Traditional Botanical Knowledge of the Tuva Mongolians in Xinjiang, China
Authors: Ushang Ulan , name Bayandala no family , Jiu Jiangtao
Published: July 2024

Background
Tuva is one of the ancient and mysterious Mongolian tribes; since ancient times, it has accumulated a wealth of traditional botanical knowledge and experience in a unique natural environment through its particular productive lifestyle of nomadic herding and hunting. This study investigated the utilization of traditional medicinal plant knowledge, traditional food plant knowledge, traditional building craft plant knowledge, traditional dye plant knowledge and folkloric forage plant awareness among the Tuva Mongols in China; the results of the study are of great significance for the conservation of traditional botanical knowledge of the Tuva Mongols and the diversity of plant culture, which is being rapidly lost.
Methods
This study used ethnobotanical research methods to carry out a study on traditional botanical knowledge of Tuva folk, documenting and organizing the traditional knowledge and experience of Tuva Mongolian folk in the use of wild plant resources. Folk names of plants and plant uses were recorded through interviews, while evidence plant specimens were collected and the plants were identified.
Results
A total of 95 species of traditional plants belonging to 25 families and 50 genera have been collected from the Tuva folklore; including 55 species of medicinal plants, 24 species of edible plants, 34 species of animal fodder, 29 species of building crafts and 3 species of dyes. The knowledge of medicinal plants includes the selection of medicinal parts of plants, the understanding of their functions and main treatment, and the practice of medicinal methods; Knowledge of wild edible plants can be categorized into five types: folk wild vegetable, wild ripe fruit, tea, seasoning, and other edible plants; asteraceae made up most of the forage plants at 32.3%, followed by Labiatae at 15%; traditional botanical knowledge for building crafts is mainly reflected in the construction of means of transportation, houses and barns, and the manufacture of utensils, musical instruments and handicrafts; knowledge of plants used for dyeing is reflected in the selection of plant parts for dyeing, the choice of collection seasons, and dyeing techniques.
Conclusion
Tuva Mongols have a rich traditional botanical knowledge with certain regional characteristics, and this study also reveals the multifunctional use of these plants, not only as medicine, but also for food and other cultural applications. Reflecting the deep ecological wisdom of the Tuva Mongols and their harmonious coexistence with nature, this traditional botanical knowledge should be further explored and developed.
Deciphering Domestication: Unique Soybean Pods at Wangjinglou
Authors: Tang Liya , Ju Jiaying , Wu Qian , Liu Xinyi , Liu Peiliang
Published: July 2024

The morphological attributes of soybean pods represent a fundamental criterion for distinguishing between domesticated and wild soybeans. Nevertheless, due to the infrequent preservation of pods in archaeological contexts, bean size remains a common method for identifying domesticated or wild soybean. This study undertook a comprehensive analysis of valued carbonized soybean remains, encompassing both beans and pods from the Wangjinglou site. Furthermore, this research serves as a pivotal reference for accurately identifying remains of the genus Glycine at the site. Radiocarbon dating has pinpointed the age of both kinds of soybean remains to approximately 1550 cal. BC. Through measurement and observation, it was determined that the small-bean group encased in the curled pods pertains to wild soybeans, in contrast the large-bean group aligns with domesticated soybeans. This suggests that the morphological variation between domesticated and wild soybeans in China transpired no later than 1550 cal. BC, signifying an advancement of approximately 170-400 years compared to prior studies.
Enhanced assessment for estimation the populations mean under PPS sampling
Authors: Ahmad Sohaib , Alomair Abdullah Mohammed
Published: July 2024

In some conditions, the size of the target population can vary considerably in their sizes. As an illustration, the size of health facilities and the number of sick person with a definite sickness can differ in a medical study. Also in the survey about household income, the number of siblings in a home can differ; for such condition the probability proportional to size sampling (PPS) provides effective results. In this article our goals is to suggest an improved class of estimators for population mean under PPS sampling. Calculating the bias and MSE numerically is possible up to the first approximation. A simulation study and four real data are used to evaluate the efficiency of estimators. The numerical results based on a simulation study and real-life data shown that the suggested estimators perform well in terms of least MSE and advanced PRE. Out of all the suggested estimators we examined that the second and fourth suggested estimators outperform the others estimators. The recommended estimators are better in terms of least MSE, as shown by the significant boost in efficiency.
Mathematical Subject Classification: 62D05
Examining the Challenges of Blood Pressure Estimation via Photoplethysmogram
Authors: Mehta Suril , Jain Mohit , Kwatra Nipun , Mcduff Daniel
Published: July 2024

The use of observed wearable sensor data (e.g., photoplethysmograms [PPG]) to infer health measures (e.g., glucose level or blood pressure) is a very active area of research. Such technology can have a significant impact on health screening, chronic disease management and remote monitoring. A common approach is to collect sensor data and corresponding labels from a clinical grade device (e.g., blood pressure cuff) and train deep learning models to map one to the other. Although well intentioned, this approach often ignores a principled analysis of whether the input sensor data have enough information to predict the desired metric. We analyze the task of predicting blood pressure from PPG pulse wave analysis. Our review of the prior work reveals that many papers fall prey to data leakage and unrealistic constraints on the task and preprocessing steps. We propose a set of tools to help determine if the input signal in question (e.g., PPG) is indeed a good predictor of the desired label (e.g., blood pressure). Using our proposed tools, we found that blood pressure prediction using PPG has a high multi-valued mapping factor of 33.2% and low mutual information of 9.8%. In comparison, heart rate prediction using PPG, a well-established task, has a very low multi-valued mapping factor of 0.75% and high mutual information of 87.7%. We argue that these results provide a more realistic representation of the current progress toward the goal of wearable blood pressure measurement via PPG pulse wave analysis.
For code, see our project page: https://github.com/lirus7/PPG-BP-Analysis
Robust analogue neuromorphic hardware networks using intrinsic physics-adaptive learning
Authors: Miao Feng , Wang Cong , Zhao Yichen , Yangdong Xing-Jian , Wei Wei , Yang Zai-Zheng , Shen Yu , Ding Shuo , Kong Dehe , Wang Xu , Shi Jingwen , Wang Pengfei , Yang Yuekun , Pan Chen , Cheng Bin , Liang Shi-Jun
Published: July 2024

Analogue neuromorphic computing hardware is highly energy-efficient and has been regarded as one of the most promising technologies for advancing artificial intelligence1-7. However, the robust deployment of these analogue neuromorphic systems is hindered by stochastic variations of analogue devices and dynamic changes in hardware structure8, 9. Here, we demonstrate an approach called intrinsic physics-adaptive learning (IPAL) that can effectively train analogue neuromorphic networks based on non-ideal hardware. This approach allows us to obtain gradients of the practical physical system by using two-step physical operations (i.e., applying stimuli to the physical system and observing its resulting response), eliminating the need for mathematical modelling of the physical system. Experiments validate the effectiveness of IPAL on a neuromorphic hardware network comprised of analogue in-memory computing arrays and analogue activation units. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the approach can effectively train analogue neuromorphic networks with unpredictable hardware variations or impairments, and restore their recognition accuracy even when 60% of electrical synapses and neurons fail to work. We also show that IPAL can be used for analogue neuromorphic networks based on emerging memristive devices. Our work paves the way for developing analogue neuromorphic computing hardware with superior fault-tolerant performance.
Genetic determinants of monocyte splicing are enriched for disease susceptibility loci including for COVID-19
Authors: Fairfax Benjamin , Nassiri Isar , Gilchrist James , Tong Orion , Lau Evelyn , Danielli Sara , Al-Mossawi Hussein , Neville Matthew , Knight Julian
Published: July 2024

Insights into variation in monocyte context-specific splicing and transcript usage are limited. We have performed paired gene and transcript QTL mapping across distinct immune states using RNA-seq of monocytes isolated from a cohort of 185 healthy Europeans incubated alone or in the presence of IFNγ or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We identify regulatory variants to 5,749 genes and 8,727 transcripts, with 291 context-specific tQTL colocalising with GWAS loci (PP.H4 > 0.8). Notable disease relevant associations (PP.H4 > 0.99) include IFNγ specific tQTL at COVID-19 severity locus rs10735079, where allelic variation modulates context-specific splicing of OAS1, and at rs4072037, a risk allele for gastro-esophageal cancer, which associates with context-specific splicing of MUC1. Assessment of DNA methylation from the same cells demonstrated frequent overlap between mQTL and causal context-specific eQTL, frequently permitting inference of the direction of effect. Finally, we identify a subset of eQTL that uncouple genes from proximally acting regulatory networks, creating ‘co-expression QTL’ (coExQTL) with differential allele-specific correlation networks. Our findings highlight the interplay between context and genetics in the regulation of the monocyte gene expression and splicing, revealing putative mechanisms of diverse disease risk alleles including for COVID-19 and cancer.
Lake chlorophyll-a linked to upstream nutrients across the CONUS
Authors: Dietrich Matthew , Golden Heather E. , Christensen Jay R. , Lane Charles R.
Published: July 2024

Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) is a commonly used proxy for algal biomass within surface waters, which can be indicative of harmful algal blooms. Excess nutrients, such as nitrogen or phosphorus, promote Chl-a production, often leading to eutrophication. However, little research exists on river nutrients-to-downstream lake Chl-a linkages at large watershed scales and across disparate climatic and physiographic regions. We found a significant positive relationship between measured total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorous (TP) concentrations in upstream rivers and Chl-a concentrations in downstream lakes at the watershed scale (average area = 99.8 km2 [35.8-628.6 km2], n = 254) throughout the conterminous United States (CONUS). Additionally, through random forest machine learning models, we demonstrate that a small number of explanatory variables (2-3 per model) can accurately predict (71%-83% accuracy) classifications of high or low riverine TN, TP, or lake Chl-a concentrations throughout the CONUS at the watershed scale. The most important model variables were vegetation type, runoff, tile drainage, temperature, and nitrogen inputs. This work supports the hypothesis that rivers supply nutrients that enhance Chl-a concentrations in downstream lakes and demonstrates the power of parsimonious models to elucidate primary landscape factors related to nutrient concentrations and algal blooms across the CONUS.
Synopsis
River nutrient concentrations are positively correlated with downstream lake chlorophyll-a and each can be effectively predicted by parsimonious models.
Towards upscaling of building-integrated perovskite photovoltaics
Authors: Rostamzadeh Hadi , Montazeri Hamid
Published: July 2024

A multiscale computational framework is proposed for scaling up perovskite photovoltaics from cell scale to building integration. This framework includes three key modeling components: (i) cell scale, incorporating a coupled optical-electrical-thermal model to characterize performance and hysteresis of small-area perovskite solar cells, (ii) module scale, designing monolithically interconnected perovskite minimodules and quantifying upscaling losses, and (iii) building scale, assessing complex interactions between environmental factors and building-integrated perovskite photovoltaics. Comprehensive scale-based validations are performed to assess the accuracy and reliability of each modeling component. The application of the framework is illustrated for perovskite photovoltaics integrated into the windward façade of a cubic building. The results reveal significant variability in power conversion efficiency (PCE) and hysteresis across the façade due to spatial variations in wind-induced forced convective heat flux. In this case, wind impacts both the ionic and electronic characteristics of perovskite solar cells, playing a double-edged role in building-integrated perovskite photovoltaics by enhancing PCE while inducing hysteresis. This wind-induced PCE enhancement originates at the interfaces, reducing recombination losses at the electron transport layer/perovskite interface and resistance to charge carrier transport at the perovskite/hole transport layer interface. The investigation also highlights that scaling up perovskite photovoltaics from small-area cells into monolithically interconnected minimodules is essential for advancing toward large-scale integration of perovskite solar cells into buildings. The developed multiscale computational framework aims to support the advancement of building-integrated perovskite photovoltaics by addressing critical challenges in performance, stability, and scalability, ultimately contributing to the wider adoption of sustainable energy solutions in the built environment.
Mobilitätsbezogene Barrieren der sozialen Teilhabe im Kontext finanzieller Armut
Authors:   , Rozynek Caroline
Published: July 2024

Finanzielle Armut prägt Mobilitätspraktiken und kann dabei zum Prozess von mobilitätsbezogener sozialer Exklusion beitragen. Zu den Personen, deren Armutsrisiko besonders hoch ist, zählen in Deutschland Haushalte mit Kindern, insbesondere Alleinerziehende. Ältere Menschen haben nicht die höchste Armutsgefährdung, jedoch besteht bei ihnen das Risiko von Verharrung in Armut, da die Möglichkeiten, die finanzielle Situation aus eigener Kraft zu ändern mit zunehmendem Alter sinken. Um ein tieferes Verständnis davon zu erhalten, wie finanzielle Armut die Mobilitätspraktiken und soziale Teilhabe von Haushalten mit Kindern sowie älteren Menschen prägt, wurden mit diesen beiden Personengruppen problemzentrierte Interviews in Ronnenberg (Region Hannover) geführt und analysiert. Die Ergebnisse belegen, dass, wenngleich alle Befragten mit ähnlich geringen finanziellen Ressourcen haushalten und Verzicht sowie Abwägungsprozesse notwendig sind, sich ihre Mobilitätspraktiken und Alltagsbewältigungsstrategien unterscheiden, was sich in zwei Typologien widerspiegelt. Erstens, eine Typologie der Mobilitätspraktiken von Haushalten mit Kindern: (i) autozentriert, (ii) autoreduziert, (iii) ÖPNV-orientiert und (iv) nichtmotorisiert. Zweitens, eine Typologie älterer Menschen anhand ihrer Mobilitätspraktiken: (i) aktive ältere Menschen mit vielseitigen sozialen Interaktionen, (ii) nachbarschaftsorientierte ältere Menschen mit lokalen Kontakten und (iii) ältere Menschen, die überwiegend zu Hause sind und wenig soziale Kontakte haben. Um herauszufinden, inwiefern mobilitätsbezogene Barrieren der sozialen Teilhabe reduziert werden können, wurden fünf Maßnahmen bezüglich ihrer Wirkung auf die Mobilitätspraktiken einkommensarmer Haushalte mit Kindern untersucht: einerseits die Wirkung des 9-Euro-Tickets anhand von problemzentrierten Interviews mit einkommensarmen Haushalten mit Kindern, andererseits anhand von Expert:inneninterviews die Wirkung von Radlernkursen für Frauen mit Migrationshintergrund, eines Mietertickets, eines Quartierstickets und der Verbesserung der Nahraum- und Aufenthaltsqualität am Beispiel von Tempo 30. Die Ergebnisse zum 9-Euro-Ticket belegen, dass ein erschwingliches ÖPNV-Ticket erheblich zur Reduzierung mobilitätsbezogener Barrieren der sozialen Teilhabe im Armutskontext beiträgt. Die Expert:inneninterviews zeigen auf, dass eine Förderung des Umweltverbunds zielführend ist, um zu einer sozial-ökologischen Verkehrswende beizutragen und insbesondere Maßnahmenbündel Wirkung auf die Reduzierung von mobilitätsbezogenen Barrieren der sozialen Teilhabe entfalten. Die Erkenntnisse dieser Dissertation ergänzen den wissenschaftlichen Forschungstand um ein tiefergehendes Verständnis der Wirkung von finanzieller Armut auf die Mobilitätspraktiken und soziale Teilhabe von Haushalten mit Kindern und älteren Menschen und helfen dabei, Maßnahmen zur Reduzierung mobilitätsbezogener Barrieren der sozialen Teilhabe zu konzipieren und umzusetzen.
Polimerização da Resina Composta Bulk-Fill com LEDs Monowaves e Polywaves: Revisão de Literatura
Authors: Medeiros Francielly de Lemos , Vasconcelos Marcelo Gadelha , Vasconcelos Rodrigo Gadelha
Published: July 2024

Introdução: A resina Bulk-Fill (RBF) permite a fotoativação de incrementos com até 5 mm de espessura. Possui em sua composição fotoiniciadores alternativos que são mais sensíveis a comprimentos de onda mais curtos, não correspondendo à faixa de emissão das unidades de diodos emissores de luzes (LEDs) monowaves, por isso, foram desenvolvidos os polywaves. Objetivo: realizar uma revisão da literatura sobre a RBF e analisar a eficácia da sua polimerização ao utilizar LEDs monowaves e polywaves. Métodos: uma revisão da literatura foi realizada por meio de artigos científicos publicados entre 2012 a 2021 presentes em bases de dados, como PubMed/ Medline, SciELO, Lilacs e Google Acadêmico. Resultados: Nos estudos incluídos, quatro deles obtiveram um maior grau de conversão monomérica com os LEDs polywaves, apenas um obteve com o monowave e em duas pesquisas não houveram diferenças significativas entre os dois tipos. Os LEDs polywaves obtiveram uma maior conversão apenas nas camadas mais superficiais, porém além de 2,5 mm não houve diferenças significativas entre os dois tipos. Conclusão: São necessárias evidências literárias conclusivas sobre qual tipo de LED é o melhor para a fotoativação das RBF.
Creencias Irracionales y Sintomatología Depresiva en Estudiantes Universitarios de Psicología en Honduras
Authors: Zelaya Guardado Vilma Odessa , Leiva Yanes Johan Oswaldo
Published: July 2024

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la relación entre creencias irracionales y sintomatología depresiva en estudiantes universitarios de Psicología en Honduras. Se utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo, un alcance descriptivo-correlacional y un diseño no experimental transversal correlacional. La muestra fue de 257 estudiantes universitarios de Psicología de dos universidades hondureñas. Para la recolección de datos se aplicó el Test de Creencias Irracionales y el Inventario de Depresión de Beck-II. Las principales creencias irracionales manifiestas por los estudiantes son culpabilización, altas autoexpectativas, influencia del pasado y evitación de problemas, y alrededor de un tercio sufre sintomatología depresiva de moderada a severa. Los estudiantes varones, menores de 31 años, pertenecientes a una universidad privada y que se encuentran solteros son los que tienen más altas creencias irracionales y mayores niveles de depresión, pero solo hay diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre el grupo etario y la sintomatología depresiva. Además, existe relación significativa entre creencias irracionales y cuatro de sus dimensiones (necesidad de aprobación, altas autoexpectativas, culpabilización e influencia del pasado) con sintomatología depresiva. Es urgente que las autoridades universitarias elaboren programas y servicios institucionales que prevengan y promuevan la salud mental, para disminuir los procesos mentales patológicos que pueden desencadenar problemas como el suicidio.
Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemleri ile Yeni Otobüs Tasarımında Koltuk Modeli Seçimi
Authors: Özmen Merve , Antmen Figen
Published: July 2024

Dünyada bireyleri bir yerden diğer bir yere taşıyan karayolu taşımacılığı ülkelerin ekonomisinin gelişmesi anlamında üzerinde durulması gereken önemli bir araştırma konusudur. Günümüzde her alanda olduğu gibi rekabet taşımacılık sektöründe de kendini göstermektedir. Otobüs üreticisi firmalar bu rekabet koşullarından dolayı tasarım ve model değişikliği çalışmalarında pek çok kriteri göz önünde bulundurmak zorundadır. Özellikle pek çok kriterin olduğu problemlerin çözümünde Çok Kriterli Karar Verme (ÇKKV) yöntemlerinden yararlanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada otomotiv sektöründe üretim faaliyetinde bulunan yerli bir firmada, yeni bir otobüs tasarımında Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi (AHP) ve Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) yöntemlerinden faydalanılarak ideal yolcu koltuk modeli seçimi sağlanmıştır.
Effects of Adding Pectin to Milk in Varying Amounts on the Rheological Properties of Milk
Authors: Özbolat Veli
Published: July 2024

Pectin, which is used as an additive in the food, cosmetics, pharmaceutical, and health sectors due to its safety, non-toxicity, low production cost, and high availability, is used as a thickener, gelling agent, brightener, stabilizer, emulsifier, and fat and sugar replacer in low-calorie foods. It is also used in milk and dairy products as a stabilizer to prevent proteins from clumping. In this study, the rheological properties of pectin and milk mixtures with pectin/milk powder (w/w) ratios of 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1 and 1.5 were examined. First, a flow curve test was applied in the range of 0,01-1000 s-1 to obtain the viscosity curves and yield stress values of the samples. Then, an amplitude sweep test was performed at a fixed frequency of 10 rad/s and in the strain range of 0.01-100% to determine the linear viscoelastic range (LVR) of the samples and the solid and liquid structure of the samples. To determine the time-dependent behavior of the samples in non-destructive deformation, frequency sweep tests were performed at constant strain (0.01%) in the LVR range obtained from the amplitude sweep test and in the range of 0.1-100 rad/s. Finally, three interval thixotropy tests (3ITT) were performed to observe the structural recovery of the samples. As a result of rheological tests, it was determined that pectin-free milk showed Newtonian properties, other samples showed shear thinning properties, and viscosity values increased as the pectin rate increased. While all samples are solid at low strains, the liquid feature becomes dominant at high strains. It has been observed that as the pectin ratio in milk increases, the strain values at the yield point, where the liquid feature becomes dominant, also increase. Except for the sample with the highest pectin content, it was observed that the dominance of the storage modulus over the loss modulus was greater at low frequencies than at high frequencies. As a result of 3ITT, it was determined that the percentage of recovery at the 600th second increased as the pectin rate increased.
Türkiye’deki Depreme Dayanıklı Çelik Çerçeveli Bina Tasarımına Retrospektif Bir Bakış
Authors: Zervent Altan , Yücel Ömer Burak , Aldemir Alper , Erdil Barış
Published: July 2024

Bu çalışma, 6 Şubat 2023 Kahramanmaraş Pazarcık (Mw=7.7) ve Kahramanmaraş Elbistan (Mw=7.6) depremlerinin, bölgedeki çelik yapı stokunun üzerindeki etkilerini incelemeyi amaçlamıştır. Bu maksatla, depremlerden en çok etkilenen illerden olan Hatay pilot il olarak seçilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda, beş katlı bir çelik çerçeve bina, Çevre ve Şehircilik Bakanlığı tarafından yayınlanan “Deprem Bölgelerinden Yapılacak Binalar Hakkında Yönetmelik Eğitimi Ders Notları” kitabından temsili olarak seçilmiş olup, 2007 Deprem Yönetmeliği ile 1980 Çelik Standardına (TS648) uygun olarak tasarlanmıştır. Ardından; bu çerçevelerin sayısal modelleri oluşturulmuştur. Tasarlanan binalar Hatay ilindeki 11 farklı konumda tanımlanmıştır. Hatay ilinde seçilen farklı konumlar, kaydedilen yer hareketlerinin konumlar arası taşıma işlemine tabi tutulmaması için AFAD’a bağlı TADAS istasyonlarıyla aynı pozisyonda seçilmiştir. İvmeölçerlerden alınan 11 adet kayıt uygulanırken kaydedilen düşey ivmeler de numerik analizlerde dikkate alınmıştır. Her bir bina tipi için seçilen 11 farklı konum ve doğrultu dikkate alınarak, doğrusal olmayan zaman tanım alanında analizler yapılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında toplam 11 adet deprem senaryosu için, sismik performanslar elde edilmiştir. Sonuçlar incelendiğinde, ülkemizde geçmiş yıllarda kullanılmış olan tasarım ve deprem yönetmeliklerine uygun olarak tasarlanmış çelik çerçeveli orta yükseklikteki binaların sismik dayanımlarının Kahramanmaraş merkezli depremlerde ele alınan 11 farklı konumun hepsinde yetersiz kaldığı ve göçme durumunun önlenmesinin mümkün olmadığı ortaya konmuştur.
Economic Policy in the Soviet Union during the Years of Perestroika
Authors: Polynov Matvey F. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: July 2024

The article analyzes economic policy during the perestroika. It identifies its main stages, content, and results. The author identifies three periods. The first period was the initial stage of Perestroika (1985–1986). The main policy was aimed at accelerating of the economy growth through the intensification of production. However, the set goals were not implemented both due to objective reasons and as a result of the mistakes. The second stage spanned three years — from 1987 to 1989. The policy changed dramatically: it was decided to introduce elements of market relations and competition. The articles demonstrates that the reforms had both positive and negative results. On the one hand, they failed to properly motivate enterprises to increase production and to implement achievements of science and technology. They also contributed to the unjustified pay rise and led to inflation. On the other hand, the reforms laid the foundation for a multi-layered economy. The third period marked the transition to a market economy (December 1989–1991). The transition took place in the context of the acute confrontation between the center of the Soviet Union and the Russian government. The Union government has prepared a program for the USSR, called the Ryzhkov — Abalkin program. The Russian government has proposed an alternative program “500 days”. Both programs differed significantly from each other in the pace of their implementation and their content. During the perestroika it was not possible to form an economic policy conducive to the development of the Soviet economy. The Perestroika led to a severe economic, financial and social crisis, which became one of the main reasons for the destruction of the USSR.
A Cultural Turn in Contemporary Studies of Historical Dynamics of Well-being
Authors: Verniaev Igor I. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: July 2024

One of the key interdisciplinary “meeting points” of economic history, anthropology, and human biology has become the study of the dynamics and variations of well-being on the basis of anthropometric data. The key anthropometric indicator — the mean height — best reflects such characteristics of living conditions as the quantity and quality of nutrition, health status, morbidity, the severity of work, and the environment. Mean height is especially useful in cases where information about incomes, prices, life expectancy, etc. is not available or reliable: communities in the past, cultures with a large share of the traditional and informal economy, the importance of informal social networks. In order to correctly use data on mean height, it is necessary to take into account that it is the result of genetic, environmental, material, social, and cultural influences. The article presents an analysis of how the cultural factor is identified, taken into account, and interpreted in anthropometric studies of the dynamics of well-being. It discusses, in particular: food traditions and related features of the economy; demographic models; family structure, including models of care, upbringing, and gender relations; religious attitudes and practices; social institutions and stratification. The article concludes that without taking culture into account, a comprehensive interpretation of the relationship between anthropometric data and the standard of living is impossible, as is the correct use of such an indicator as mean height to study the dynamics of well-being. The current research characterizes particular attention to cultural models and practices in contemporary historical anthropometric studies of the dynamics of well-being as a cultural turn.
Investigation of borehole seismic acoustic control by the cross-borehole exploration method to assess the continuity of ice-ground fencing
Authors: Dorokhin Kirill A. ,   Lenmetrogiprotrans, Boiko Oleg V. , Sukharev Aleksandr M. ,   Lenmetrogiprotrans,   Lenmetrogiprotrans
Published: July 2024

Artificial freezing of soils is quite often used in complex engineering-geological and hydrogeological conditions for the construction of underground structures. Due to the fact that the soil freezing works are hidden, operational control of the continuity of the ice-ground fence being erected is necessary. Such control is traditionally carried out using borehole thermometry and hydrogeological observations. The article considers the possibilities of the seismoacoustic method in the variant of downhole tomography for monitoring the continuity of ice-ground fencing in conditions of highly saturated soils. The main prerequisite for using seismic methods to control the formation of an ice-ground fence is a noticeable difference in the values of the propagation velocities of seismic vibrations in soils under natural conditions and soils at subzero temperatures. The studies were carried out through the same wells through which the refrigerant is pumped. The configuration of the work was carried out in such a way that for each position of the receiving spit, the source moves along the adjacent well parallel to the receiving well with outflows equal to half the length of the receiving spit, after which the spit is shifted to the next position and the process is repeated. The control was carried out in two stages — before the active freezing phase and after the formation of the ice-ground fence. As a result of the work performed, it was found that using the SME method it is possible to effectively assess the continuity of the ice-ground fence being created, and local areas in which the freezing process turned out to be insufficient can also be identified. The parameters obtained by the method of downhole seismoacoustic tomography are also necessary to clarify the technological regime for freezing soils.
Economic Control of the Soviet Union in Manchuria after World War II: Monetary Policy
Authors: Chen Jhao-Hong ,   HSE University
Published: July 2024

This article is devoted to the little-known issue of monetary policy of the Soviet authorities in occupied Manchuria after the end of World War II. Comparing Russian and Chinese archival materials, the author studied the process of issuing new banknotes in Manchuria and the main items of expenditure of the Soviet administration. The yuan of the Red Army command was officially authorized to be released in Manchuria from 10 December 1945, following an agreement between the USSR and the Republic of China, but in fact it was put into circulation already from September 24, 1945. New banknotes containing denominations of 1, 5, 10 and 100 yuan were printed based on the decisions of relevant institutions of the USSR, were used by the Soviet side in industrial construction, when buying goods, to pay workers and employees and finance various institutions on the territory of Manchuria. It was considered as reparation, since the USSR agreed with the National Government of the Republic of China that the issued currency would be redeemed at the expense of indemnity from Japan. It was also one of the sources of rising inflation in Manchuria. According to statistics, the amount of banknotes issued by the Red Army command during the period of their stay in Manchuria is 9.725 billion yuan. After the withdrawal of Soviet troops and the transfer of sovereignty over Manchuria to the Republic of China government in early May 1946, in accordance with the agreements, the redemption of the yuan of the Red Army command and its exchange for Chinese currency began. This measure was painful and caused widespread discontent.
Electrical Resistivity Imaging of Recent Landslides in Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA
Authors: Almaz Moamen , Mickus Kevin , Aly Mohamed H. , Dumond Gregory
Published: July 2024

Landslides can cause significant infrastructure damage and thousands of deaths around the world. Colorado Springs has experienced numerous damaging landslides that have not been previously geophysically investigated due to its geological and climatic conditions as well as increased urban development into landslide-prone areas. In 2015, heavy rainfall caused the Skyway and Broadmoor Bluffs landslides that destroyed 30 homes. In this study, these two landslides were studied using the electrical resistivity method to evaluate the nature of the landslides. Two-dimensional inverse models constrained by geological and borehole data indicate that both landslides occurred within the weathered portion of the Cretaceous Pierre Shale. The depth to the landslide failure surface ranged between 3 to 6 m and 6 to 8 m for the Skyway and the Broadmoor landslides, respectively. Both landslides have characteristics of a rotational-type landslide, but three models (two for Skyway, one for Broadmoor) do not have smooth failure surfaces. The Pierre Shale is characterized by significantly lower resistivity than the overlying clay. This suggests the landslide failure was promoted by high moisture content within the Pierre Shale. Therefore, the Skyway and Broadmoor areas need to be monitored for future landslides during high-precipitation events. Additional geophysical data are needed to fully determine the nature and extent of the landslides in Colorado Springs. Our results present the first subsurface models of the Skyway and Broadmoor landslides. City planners can use these models as critical data for mitigating future landslides, which can be used for future urban development.
Unveiling the Promising Role of Substance P/Neurokinin 1 Receptor
in Cancer Cell Proliferation and Cell Cycle Regulation in Human
Malignancies
Authors: Rezaei Soodabeh , Javid Hossein , Iranpour Sonia , Darban Reza Assaran , Hashemy Seyed Isaac
Published: July 2024

Neurokinin receptors are a family of G protein-coupled receptors that were
first identified in the central and peripheral nervous systems. However these receptors
were later found in other types of cells, therefore, new perspectives concerning their novel roles were described. Mammalian has three neurokinin receptors, among which neurokinin-1 receptors [NK1R] have been indicated to be involved in most, if not all, intracellular functions, primarily the regulation of cell proliferation. By interacting with its
potent agonist, substance P [SP], NK1R can engage a variety of signaling pathways and
serve as a platform for cells to proliferate by regulating the expression of the cell cycle-related genes. Furthermore, the activity of SP/NK1R is stimulated by various oncogenes, indicating the involvement of this pathway in human cancers. As a result, numerous NK1R antagonists have been investigated in oncology trials, and the promising anti--
cancer effect of these receptors has opened up new possibilities for incorporating these
antagonists into cancer treatment. Considering these factors, gaining a deeper understanding of the SP/NK1R pathway could offer significant advantages for cancer patients.
The more knowledge we acquire about this pathway, the greater the potential for exploiting it in the development of effective treatment strategies. Here, we present a comprehensive review of the current knowledge pertaining to the biological function of the
SP/NK1R, with a specific emphasis on its recently discovered role in the regulation of
cell proliferation. Moreover, we provide insights into the impact of this pathway in human cancers, along with an overview of the most significant NK1R antagonists currently utilized in cancer research studies.