bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fine-Scale hydrodynamic modelling of Lake Ontario: Has climate change affected circulation patterns?
Authors: Hlevca Bogdan , Howell Todd , Madani Mohammad , Benoit Nadine
Published: September 2023

The circulation in Lake Ontario is well known from past field and modelling studies. However, apparent changes in wind pattern, possibly due to climate change, have resulted in subtle changes in the currents’ formation that have implications for water resources and aquatic habitat. A high resolution three-dimensional numerical model using the Danish Hydraulic Institute’s (DHI) MIKE 3 modelling framework based on a flexible mesh, was developed to describe lake-wide and coastal circulation features in 2018, which were then contrasted with past studies. The validated model effectively described lake-wide processes that include season-specific large gyres in the Rochester and in the Mississauga basins, and coastal currents along both northern and southern shorelines. During the isothermal season (non-stratified), a well-defined westward flow in the middle of the lake separates an anticyclonic (clockwise) gyre in the north, from the gyre and westward currents in the south. During the stratified season, key physical processes depicted in the model in the offshore and nearshore waters including, near-inertial waves (~ 17 h), upwelling events frequency (5–10 days) and surface seiches (~ 5 h) generally correspond with past studies. Upwelling events are the predominant northern nearshore physical processes and are occurring during periods of south-westerly winds. Episodic Kelvin waves are mostly limited to the northern shore where wind direction and morphology can sustain them and where cross-shore transport at the coastal boundary layer is minimal. The results, backed by field observations, suggest that predominant circulation patterns in the northern nearshore have changed in recent years during the stratified season.
Utilization of the Different Vegetables as a Filtration plants on Water Quality, Growth Performance, Plasma Biochemistry and Histopathology of Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in Incorporated Aquaponics System
Authors: Hassan Sadam M.
Published: September 2023

Aquatic organism biology is influenced by water physicochemical traits. Using recirculating aquaculture systems for optimal fish growth demands substantial energy and resources, while typical treatments pose cost challenges. To address this, a novel cost-effective water treatment method is sought, countering climate-related water scarcity, particularly in regions like the Middle East. Incorporating mechanical and biological filters, alongside plant-based filtration (strawberry, peppermint, cucumber, okra), enhances aquaponics efficiency. Fish acclimatized and distributed among treatments exhibited varying growth patterns and water quality impacts. The fish exposed to treatment groups involving strawberry, peppermint, cucumber, and okra exhibited significantly higher (p < 0.05) weight gain and specific growth rate compared to the control. However, even within the treatments okra and cucumber body weight gain and specific growth rate were significantly better than strawberry, peppermint (p < 0.05). The best lowest feed conversion ratio was equally observed among fish exposed okra and cucumber. Remarkably, the strawberry group demonstrated a markedly higher level of albumin and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (p < 0.05). However, strawberry exhibited a significantly higher (p < 0.05) level of albumin and AST. Though Peppermint exhibited the highest alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level, although this difference was not statistically significant when compared to the strawberry group. Liver and gill analyses demonstrated normal cellular structures and healthy conditions for fish exposed to biofilters. This study underscores the efficacy of strawberry, peppermint, cucumber, and okra biofilters in promoting robust carp growth and health within aquaculture systems.
Study on tool wear and cutting performance of CFRP for inclined angle milling
Authors: Chen Tao , Liu Jiaqiang , Li Chunhui , Zhang Jianyi , Wang Guangyue , Li Maoyue
Published: September 2023

Carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) has been widely used in aviation, aerospace, automotive and other fields due to its advantages of high specific strength and high specific modulus. However, as a typical anisotropic material, CFRP has a more prominent problem in processing, that is, tool wear, which is easy to form machining defects such as burrs, tearing, and delamination. In this paper, the comparative experimental study on inclined angle milling and spiral milling of CFRP was carried out. The milling axial force, tool wear, quality of hole entrance and exit, and micro-morphology of the hole wall under the two milling methods were analyzed. The results show that compared with spiral milling, the axial force of inclined angle milling is relatively small, and the fluctuation is relatively smooth. The wear of inclined angle milling tool end edge is mainly concentrated in the connection area of end and side edges (CAES), and the wear of side edge is mainly concentrated in the tip of rhombic tooth, while the wear of spiral milling tool end edge and side edge is relatively uniform. As the number of holes increases, the wear morphology of inclined angle milling end edge changes from a small area of discontinuous crescent shape to a large area of continuous triangular, while the wear morphology of spiral milling end edge changes from a long strip to a large area of parallelogram. With the increase of tool wear, the holes by inclined angle milling produce fewer burrs and tearing, there are some defects such as fiber fracture residues and cavities on the surface of the hole wall, while the surface of the hole wall by spiral milling shows a large amount of chip adhesion and pit.
Creation of an Assessment Scale for Risk Factors of Intraoperative Pressure Injury in Pediatrics Using Delphi Method
Authors: Fang Zhihao , Chen Tian , Chen Qiuyu , Lin Zhixiong , Zhuo Qing , Ji Bin
Published: September 2023

Objective
To create a pressure Injury risk factor assessment form specifically designed for pediatric patients in the operating room, thus providing healthcare professionals with a scientific and effective nursing assessment tool to accurately and promptly assess the risk of stress injury in children undergoing surgery.
Methods
In this study, we conducted a comprehensive literature search and held group meetings to gather relevant evidence on the prevention of intraoperative stress injuries. We also obtained valuable opinions from the group meetings, to develop an initial pool of entries for the assessment form. To refine and enhance the assessment form, we employed the 2-round Delphi method. This involved sending two rounds of email inquiries to a panel of 22 experts, who provided valuable feedback and suggestions for modification. Finally, we analyzed the data obtained from the assessment form using statistical tests to derive meaningful insights and draw conclusions.
Results
The positive coefficients of the two rounds of expert consultation were 83.3% and 90.9%, respectively. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients were 0.913 and 0.915, respectively, indicating a high level of internal consistency. The Kendall's W coefficients were 0.400 and 0.124, respectively, suggesting a moderate level of agreement among the experts. After two rounds of correspondence, an evaluation table consisting of 3 first-level indicators and 11 second-level indicators was ultimately generated.
Conclusion
The assessment table demonstrates a strong positive coefficient and expert authority, indicating the reliability and validity of the form. These findings emphasize the necessity, feasibility, and reliability of constructing an assessment table for risk factors associated with intraoperative pressure injuries in pediatric patients.
Trial registration:
Not applicable. The study content is only used as an assessment modality and does not involve any medical intervention for the patients.
Diagnostic Utility of Perfusion Index in Identifying Radial Artery Embolism during Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy Procedure: A Case Report
Authors: Eraslan İrem , Sarıoğlan Burak Taha , Ünsal Sinan , Kayhan Gülay Erdoğan
Published: September 2023

Invasive arterial cannulation is a widely used method in intensive care units and operating rooms. However it has potential complications such as thrombosis, peripheral embolism, hematoma formation, and infection. The Masimo Root Radical-7 Pulse CO-Oximeter® (Masimo Corporation, Irvine, CA, USA) is a non-invasive hemodynamic monitoring device that measures perfusion index and pleth variability index, provides guidance to anaesthesiologists in the cases where hemodynamic fluctuations are expected. In this particular case, the perfusion index played a crucial role in the immediate diagnosis of radial artery embolism in a patient undergoing cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy procedure.
Benzo (a) pyrene-loaded gypsum dust induced apoptosis of human bronchial epithelial cells through the AHR signaling pathway
Authors: wang yujun , Lin Qingqing , Lv Zhenzhen , Dong Faqin , Deng Jianjun
Published: September 2023

Objective

To determine the molecular mechanism of human bronchial epithelial cell apoptosis induced by adsorption of organic matter in an air pollutant, solid gypsum dust.

Methods

Benzo (a) pyrene (BaP) was mixed with gypsum dust at a specific ratio (1 µg/g), and human bronchial epithelium (16HBE) cells were selected as the target of infection. Cell survival rate was detected by the CCK8 method and their morphology was observed by Wright-Giemsa staining. Flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis and the mRNA expression levels of Ahr, Nrf2, Bax, and Bcl-2 were detected by qRT-PCR. The protein expression levels of Ahr, Bax and Bcl-2 were detected by Western blot, while the expression levels of Ahr, Nrf2, Bax and Bcl-2 were detected after pretreatment with geldanamycin.

Results

Compared with gypsum or BaP alone, the 16HBE cells exposed to BaP-loaded gypsum dust had a significantly reduced survival rate that showed a concentration dependent trend. The mRNA expression of Ahr, Bax, and Bcl-2 and the protein levels of Ahr, Bax, and Bcl-2 were increased significantly (P<0.01). However, after geldanamycin pretreatment, the expression of Ahr, Nrf2, Bax, and Bcl-2 (P<0.01) and protein expression levels of Ahr, Bax and Bcl-2 were decreased significantly (P<0.01).

Conclusions

BaP-loaded gypsum dust increases apoptosis of 16HBE cells by reducing the effective dose of BaP. Our results suggest that the mechanism of apoptosis may involve activation of the AHR signaling pathway. However, the corresponding mechanism of this synergistic effect requires further study.
Evaluation of a multi-component early warning system for pastoralist populations in Doolo zone, Ethiopia: mixed-methods study
Authors: Baertlein Luke , Dubad Bashir Ali , Sahelie Birhanu , Damulak Istifanus Chindong , Osman Mohammed , Stringer Beverley , Bestman Agatha , Kuehne Anna , Boetzelaer Elburg , Keating Patrick
Published: September 2023

Background
This study evaluated an early warning, alert and response system for a crisis-affected population in Doolo zone, Somali Region, Ethiopia, in 2019–2021. To adequately cover an area populated by semi-nomadic pastoralist population with sparse access to healthcare facilities, the surveillance system included four components: health facility indicator-based surveillance, community indicator- and event-based surveillance, and alerts from other actors in the area. This evaluation described the usefulness, acceptability, completeness, timeliness, positive predictive value, and representativeness across each of these components.
Methods
We carried out a mixed-methods study retrospectively analysing data from the surveillance system February 2019 - January 2021 along with key informant interviews with system implementers, and focus group discussions with local communities. Transcripts were analyzed using a mixed deductive and inductive approach, with surveillance attributes used as deductive themes.
Results
1010 signals were analysed; these resulted in 168 verified events, 58 alerts, and 29 responses. Most of the alerts (46/58) and responses (22/29) were initiated through the community event-based branch of the surveillance system. In comparison, one alert and one response was initiated via the community indicator-based branch and no alerts or responses via the health-facility indicator-based branch. Positive predictive value of signals received was about 6%. About 80% of signals were verified within 24 hours of reports, and 40% were risk assessed within 48 hours. System responses included new mobile clinic sites, measles vaccination catch-ups, and water and sanitation-related interventions. Focus group discussions emphasized that responses generated were an expected return by participant communities for their role in data collection and reporting. Participant communities found the system acceptable when it led to the responses they expected. Some event types, such as those around animal health, led to the community’s response expectations not being met. Community event-based surveillance was designed to be representative of both settled and semi-nomadic communities.
Conclusions
Event-based surveillance can produce useful data for localized public health action for pastoralist populations. This approach may be better suited to public health surveillance of pastoralist populations than community indicator-based methods. Improvements could include greater community involvement in the system design and potentially incorporating One Health approaches.
Potential Contribution of the Gut Microbiota to the Development of Portal Vein Thrombosis in Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Huang Xin-yu , Zhang Ying-hui , Yi Shi-yu , Lei Lei , Ma Tao , Huang Rui , Yang Lan , Li Zhen-mao , Zhang Di
Published: September 2023

Background:An imbalance in intestinal homeostasis is observed in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC). Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a serious complication of LC that is closely related to intestinal homeostasis. The study aimed to investigate the composition of gut microbiota and its putative role in PVT development in LC.
Methods: 33 patients with LC admitted between January 2022 and December 2022 were enrolled in this study. Based on imaging findings, they were categorized into LC without PVT (n=21) and LC with PVT (n=12) groups. Fecal samples were collected from each participant and underwent 16S rDNA sequencing.
Results: D-dimer and platelet elevations were the main clinical features of LC with PVT. The diversity of the gut bacterial community in the LC with PVT group was found to be significantly higher in both alpha and beta diversity when compared to the control group. The structure of the intestinal microbiota was significantly different between LC with PVT and LC without PVT. Based on LEfSe data, Ligilactobacillusand Enterococcus were identified as the most differentially abundant bacterial taxa in LC with PVT. The fecal microbiota with distinct differences in abundance correlated with coagulation factor parameters. We selected five bacterial genera (Ligilactobacillus, Pseudomonas, Parabacteroides, Lactococcus, and Weissella) to distinguishPVT in LC using a random forest model.
Conclusion:LC with PVT led to a disorder in the intestinal microbiota, which was characterized by an increase in pathogenic bacteria and a decrease in beneficial bacteria. Furthermore, modulating the gut microbiota could be a promising therapeutic approach to reduce the progression of PVT in LC.
Image sharing based on 3D-BCNN and Blockchain Authentication
Authors: Wang Kunshu , Jia Yungang , Zhang Zihua Zhang , Gao Tiegang
Published: September 2023

In the current trend of cloud storage and data sharing, image trading and consumption are increasingly frequent. Therefore, the protection of sensitive images and identity authentication become urgent. In this paper, an image sharing method based on 3-dimensional Boolean convolution neural network (3D-BCNN) and blockchain is proposed. Unlike traditional symmetric encryption algorithms, this paper introduces an asymmetric key cryptosystem, which allow different users to receive image with authorization without knowing the key of the data owner. The correctness authentication of the acquired image is based on blockchain, which is immutable and reliable. In pre-transmission encryption, 3D convolution matrices are designed by Chaotic Restricted Boltzmann Machine(CRBM), convolution kernel and shuffle rule are generated by novel two-parameters wide-range mapping mixed Coupled Map Lattice (TWM-CML), and each channel performs Boolean XOR convolution operation. The experimental simulation shows that the secret image has better security properties than the state-of-the-art algorithms. Furthermore, the algorithm provides an end-to-end trusted image protection system and authenticate efficiently.
Effects of low-level RF fields reveal complex pattern of magnetic input to the avian magnetic compass
Authors: Muheim Rachel , Phillips John B.
Published: September 2023

The avian magnetic compass can be disrupted by weak narrow-band and broadband radio-frequency (RF) fields in the lower MHz range. However, it is unclear whether disruption of the magnetic compass results from the elimination of the perception pattern produced by the magnetic field or from qualitative changes that make the pattern unrecognizable. We show that zebra finches trained in a 4-arm maze to orient relative to the magnetic field are disoriented when tested in the presence of low-level (~ 10 nT) Larmor-frequency RF fields. However, they are able to orient when tested in such RF fields if trained under this condition, indicating that the RF field alters, but does not eliminate, the magnetic input. Larmor-frequency RF fields of higher intensities, with or without harmonics, dramatically alter, the magnetic compass response. In contrast, exposure to broadband RF fields in training, in testing, or in both training and testing eliminates magnetic compass information. These findings demonstrate that low-level RF fields at intensities found in many laboratory and field experiments may have very different effects on the perception of the magnetic field in birds, depending on the type and intensity of the RF field, and the birds’ familiarity with the RF-generated pattern.
Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus – a case report of sudden death in a German sow farm
Authors: Geiping Lukas , Detlefsen Henrik , Trittmacher Sara , Baums Christoph Georg , Bergmann Rene , Hennig-Pauka Isabel
Published: September 2023

A farm in North-West Germany experienced a high morbidity and mortality in their sow herd. Sows showed fever, lethargy, oedema, mucosal discharge, dyspnoea and abortions. Necropsy revealed a severe fibrinous and purulent polyserositis. Haematological and histological examinations confirmed septicaemia. Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus was isolated in high yields from major organs. Sequencing typing of this isolate (21/455) revealed a new sequence type showing a significantly higher proliferation rate in comparison to two other isolates. Other infectious diseases (Influenza virus, Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Virus, Porcine Circovirus 2, African Swine Fever, Classical Swine Fever, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae) were excluded by routine diagnostic examinations. A climate check revealed an insufficient air supply in the area for the gestating sows. This case describes the first disease outbreak in swine due to S. zooepidemicus in Germany.
Stochastic Lagrangian-based method for nonconvex optimization with nonlinear constraints
Authors: Papadimitriou Dimitri , Vu Bang
Published: September 2023

The Augmented Lagrangian Method (ALM) is one of the most common approaches for solving linear and nonlinear constrained problems. However, for nonconvex objectives, the handling of nonlinear inequality constraints remains challenging. In this paper, we propose a stochastic ALM with Backtracking Line Search that performs on a subset (mini-batch) of randomly selected points for the solving of nonconvex problems. The considered class of problems include both nonlinear equality and inequality constraints. Together with the formal proof of the convergence properties (in expectation) of the proposed algorithm and its computational complexity, the performance of the proposed algorithm are then numerically compared against both exact and inexact state-of-the-art ALM methods. Further, we apply the proposed stochastic ALM method to solve a multi-constrained network design problem. We perform extensive numerical executions on a set of instances extracted from SNDlib to study its behavior and performance as well as potential improvement of this method. Analysis and comparison of the results against those obtained by extending to nonlinear constraints the method developed in [Contardo2021] for the approximation of separable nonconvex optimization programs are then provided.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2020) 65K05 · 68Q25 · 90C46 · 90C30 · 90C25
Novel mouse model of mixed dementia using chronic cerebral hypoperfusion induced by bilateral carotid artery stenosis
Authors: Kim Jang Hun , Kang Ho-Young , Park Sung Young , Park Dong-Hyuk
Published: September 2023

Background
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) have distinguishable pathognomonic findings, but they are common among older adults with similar clinical manifestations. Clinically, a mixed form of dementia (MD), VaD combined with AD, is frequent in older adults accounting for approximately 50% of all patients with dementia. Owing to the clinical importance and emerging changes in MD, a representative animal model is necessary for future dementia research.
Aims
To develop a novel MD mouse model using bilateral carotid artery stenosis (BCAS) in 5× familial AD (FAD) transgenic mice and establish their behavioral and histological characteristics
Methods
Thirteen C57BL/6 and sixteen 5× FAD transgenic mice were prepared. Six C57BL/6 and seven 5× FAD transgenic mice underwent BCAS surgery, and all mice were raised for 3 months. The mice were divided into four groups: wild-type (n = 7), VaD (n = 6), AD (n = 9), and MD (n = 7). Neurobehavioral tests, including the Y-maze test (YMT), passive avoidance test (PAT), and immunohistochemical confirmation, including mouse monoclonal amyloid-β antibody (MOAB-2) in the cortex/hippocampus and myelin basic protein (MBP) in the corpus callosum, were performed.
Results
Newly developed MD mice demonstrated poor results in YMT, similar to AD and VaD mice, and worse results for PAT compared to the other groups. Immunohistochemical analyses demonstrated that MD mice exhibited amyloid-β protein accumulation in the cortex/hippocampus (MOAB-2) and axonal degeneration in the corpus callosum (MBP).
Conclusion
A novel MD animal model was developed with pathognomonic findings of both AD and VaD. The neurobehavioral spectra of MD mice displayed characteristic deficits in intermediate-term memory and learning ability (PAT).
Histology and ultrastructure of the digestive system in Andean fish (Trichomycterus bogotensis) and ecological implications
Authors: Ruiz Monica Ortiz – , López-Flórez Catalina , Rebolledo Maria Isabel Castro , Baldisserotto Bernardo , Ramírez Edwin Gómez
Published: September 2023

Trichomycterus bogotensis is one of the three species of fish that inhabit the Colombian Andes. However, several aspects of its basic biology, including its digestive system, are unknown. The morphology and histology of the digestive system are of great importance for understanding a species' feeding habits and food preferences. Thus, this study aimed to perform an anatomical and histological description of the digestive tract of T. bogotensis. The gastrointestinal tract of seven specimens was processed for paraffin histology, high-resolution optical microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Anatomically, T. bogotensis exhibits a terminal mouth with villiform teeth, a narrow esophagus, a large and muscular stomach, and a short intestine. Histology and ultrastructure revealed a tissue organization similar to that reported for other Silurids, composed of four layers: mucosal, submucosal, muscular, and serosa. The anatomical and histological characteristics suggest that T. bogotensis is a benthic species with a tendency to carnivory.
New Butyl Shikimate Acetal Derivative from Aerial Parts of Acalypha wilkesiana Müll. Mosaica. extracts
Authors: Moustafa Amal M. Youssef , El-damarany Maha , Abdel-Mogib Mamdouh , Yoyussef Magdy
Published: September 2023

The aerial parts of Acalypha wilkesiana gave undescribed potassium 2-butoxyacetimidate (1) and butyl 3(S),4(S),5(R) -4-oxy-3- epishikimic acid carboxylate acetal [(1S,8S, 9R) -8,9-dihydroxy-3-propyl-2,4-dioxabicyclo [4.2.2] dec-6-en-5-one] (2), and shikimic acid, as well as nineteen known glycosylated phenylpropanoids, benzoic acid derivatives and flavonoids. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated based on 1D, 2D NMR, and ESI MS.
Analysis of Tip Leakage Vortex Instability and Blade Force in a Low-Speed Compressor Cascade
Authors: Wang Zengzeng , Ma Hongwei , Yang Yi , Zhong Yafei , Zhang Qingdian
Published: September 2023

Turbulence model Detached Eddy Simulation (DES) is utilized to conduct detailed research on the tip leakage flow (TLF) instability and its influence on the compressor cascade blade static pressure distribution. The objectives are to investigate the tip leakage flow instability and blade aerodynamic force oscillation at 0deg incidence design state. This research found that the trailing edge leakage vortex and the secondary leakage vortex mixed with the leakage vortex along the backflow direction and involved into the main leakage flow, which is close to the adjacent blade pressure side. The trailing edge broken tip leakage vortex has influenced the adjacent blade pressure side static pressure distribution and vorticity transformation in the tip region. More substantial convective effects are captured in 0.95span compared with 0.7span, based on the vorticity transport equation, which confirmed the tip leakage vortex caused momentum transfer in the tip region occupies a dominant role among the spanwise. The vortex core identification has revealed the tip leakage vortex wandering in the passage. The data-driven decomposition methods proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) and dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) helped clarify that the tip leakage vortex has a distinct influence on the adjacent blade pressure side static pressure spatial distribution. The frequency spectrum analysis of blade aerodynamic force indicated that some frequency components are close to the monitored tip region velocity. Then, the DMD characteristic frequency and POD time coefficient frequency corresponding with the mode vortex cohesive structure filled the gap in visualizing the vortex structure with its characteristic frequency, which caused the blade aerodynamic oscillation. Tip leakage vortex instabilities and their influence on the blade are well analyzed. Predicted tip leakage vortex instabilities and the blade force oscillation can utilized in the compressor blade vibration design and flow control.
Optimization and Mechanistic Investigation of Electrochemical Performance and Diffusion Behavior of MgFeP 2 O 7 Prepared via Sol-Gel Method in Magnesium Batteries
Authors: Lang Jun , Guangwei Zhang , Wang Guosheng
Published: September 2023

The field of energy storage recognizes the tremendous potential of magnesium-ion batteries (MIBs). It is noteworthy that MgFePO4 has emerged as a promising cathode material for MIBs due to its stability, safety, and cost-effectiveness. However, the linear layered structure of MgFePO4 crystals restricts the diffusion pathway of magnesium ions, resulting in narrow diffusion channels and significant intermolecular coulombic forces. As a consequence, MgFePO4 only achieves a specific capacity of 82mAh/g. To address these limitations, MgFeP2O7 was synthesized using the sol-gel method. Electrochemical characterization of MgFeP2O7 demonstrates a specific capacity of 208mAh/g, approximately 2.5 times that of MgFePO4. Additionally, cycling tests conducted at 1A/g reveal a capacity retention rate of 83.16% after 60 cycles. According to MS software simulations, the synthesized MgFeP2O7 exhibits a porous structure with multiple diffusion pathways, wider diffusion channels, and shorter pathways, ultimately leading to a minimum diffusion barrier of 0.62eV. Furthermore, analysis of the electron cloud density reveals electron transfer occurring between Mg/Mg2+ and Fe3+/ Fe 2+ during the charge-discharge process, while the electron cloud surrounding P5+ remains unchanged. Throughout the charge-discharge process, Fe serves as the redox center of MgFeP2O7.
MICAL1 stability by PlexinA1 promotes gastric cancer cell migration
Authors: ye fengwen , Xia Tianxiang , Wang Yueyuan , Min Pengxiang , Wang Qianwen , Zhao Weizhen , Yang Yixing , Zhang Yujie , Du Jun
Published: September 2023

Background
For metastasis to proceed, tumor cells must become mobile by modulating their cytoskeleton. MICAL1 is known as an actin cytoskeleton regulator, but the mechanisms by which it drives cancer cell migration are still unclear.
Methods
Immunohistochemistry assays and western blotting were used to detect the expression levels of MICAL1 in gastric cancer tissues and cells. Immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect the interactions of proteins. Wound-healing and transwell assays were performed to demonstrate the migratory function of MICAL1 in gastric cancer cells. In addition, qPCR, bioinformatics analysis, pulldown assay, ROS detection as well as western blotting were conducted to verify the mechanism of MICAL1 in gastric cancer cell migration.
Results
Analysis of gastric cancer tissues revealed that MICAL1 are elevated in gastric cancer tissues compared with non-tumor tissues and that its high expression is predictive of poor survival. PlexinA1 and MICAL1 were directly interact with each other. Specific inhibition of PlexinA1 accelerated MICAL1 ubiquitination and proteasome-based degradation. Furthermore, PlexinA1 positively regulates MICAL1 expression via Rac1 activation and following ROS production. Functional studies confirmed that PlexinA1 and MICAL1 facilitated gastric cancer cell migration via promoting vimentin expression.
Conclusions
These results indicate that PlexinA1 is a key regulator of MICAL1 stability via a Rac1/ROS dependent manner, and MICAL1 stability may be involved in promoting vimentin expression and gastric cancer cell migration.
Inflammation and altered metabolism impede efficacy of Functional Electrical Stimulation in critically ill patients
Authors: TSO Jameson , MK Caldow , Stephens F , Denehy L , Lynch GS , Koopman R , Krajcova A , Urban T , Berney Sue , Duska Frantisek , Puthucheary Zudin
Published: September 2023

BackgroundCritically ill patients suffer from acute muscle wasting, which is associated with significant physical functional impairment. We describe data from nested muscle biopsy studies from two trials of functional electrical stimulation (FES) that did not shown improvements in physical function.MethodsPrimary cohort:single-centre randomized controlled trial. Additional healthy volunteer data from patients undergoing elective hip arthroplasty.Validation cohort:Four-centre randomized controlled trial.Intervention: FES cycling for 60-90min/day.Analyses:Skeletal muscle mRNA expression of 223 genes underwent hierarchal clustering for targeted analysis and validation.ResultsPositively enriched pathways between healthy volunteers and ICU participants were “stress response” “response to stimuli” and “protein metabolism”, in keeping with published data. Positively enriched pathways between admission and day 7 ICU participants were “FOXO-mediated transcription” (admission = 0.48±0.94, day 7 = -0.47±1.04 mean log2fold change;P=0.042), “Fatty acid metabolism” (admission = 0.50±0.67, day 7 = 0.07±1.65 mean log2fold change;P=0.042) and “Interleukin-1 processing” (admission = 0.88±0.50, day 7 = 0.97±0.76 mean log2fold change;P=0.054). Muscle mRNA expression of UCP3 (P=0.030) and DGKD (P=0.040) decreased in both cohorts with no between group differences. Changes in IL18 were not observed in the validation cohort (P=0.268). Targeted analyses related to intramuscular mitochondrial substrate oxidation, fatty acid oxidation and intramuscular inflammation showed PPARg-C1α; (P<0.001), SLC25A20 (P=0.017) and UCP-3 (P<0.001) decreased between admission and day 7 in both arms. LPIN-1 (P<0.001) and SPT1 (P=0.044) decreased between admission and day 7. IL-18 (P=0.011) and TNFRSF12A (P=0.009) increased in both arms between admission and day 7. IL-1β (P=0.007), its receptor IL-1R1 (P=0.005) and IL-6R (P=0.001) decreased in both arms between admission and day 7. No between group differences were seen in any of these (all p>0.05).Conclusions:Intramuscular inflammation and altered substrate utilisation are persistent in skeletal muscle during first week of critical illness and are not improved by the application of Functional Electrical Stimulation-assisted exercise. Future trials of exercise to prevent muscle wasting and physical impairment are unlikely to be successful unless these processes are addressed by other means than exercise alone.
Mechanism of Effect of Non-Reactive Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane Nanostructures on HTPB-Based Polyurethane Network Formation: A Rheokinetic Analysis
Authors: Moein Abolfazl , Kebritchi Abbas
Published: September 2023

This study explored the influence of non-reactive POSS nanostructures (Octa isobutyl silsesquioxane (OIBS) and Octa phenyl silsesquioxane (OPS)) on polyurethane (PU) from Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) resin and various curing agents (Toluene diisocyanate (TDI), Hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), and Dimeryl-diisocyanate (DDI)). Contrary to previous expectations, POSS nanostructures enhanced the initial viscosity of HTPB resin. The Chemo-rheological method and Arrhenius and Eyring equations were employed to determine the reaction kinetics of PU synthesis. It was found that POSS nanostructures modulated the reaction kinetics between isocyanate and diol depending on the curing agent and POSS type. For instance, POSS accelerated the reaction in IPDI and TDI systems but slowed it down in the DDI system. In the HDI system, the POSS effect varied with its type and concentration, which were analyzed in detail. Besides the type of POSS, the nanostructure concentration also affected the PU synthesis's kinetics. Different concentrations of OIBS and OPS in each system were compared, and the possible reasons for the observed patterns were discussed. These results were explained by considering the interactions between POSS nanostructures and PU components. A plausible mechanism for the role of non-reactive POSS in PU synthesis kinetics was proposed.
Phytoremediation by ornamental sunflower and its effects on the properties of drainage water
Authors: Mohammadian Elham , anesh Sasan Faramarzm , Garmdareh Seyyed Ebrahim Hashemi , Varavipoor Maryam
Published: September 2023

due to legal restrictions on burning and burying sewage sludge in land and oceans, experts recommend using the sludge as fertilizer in agriculture to avoid the environmental problems associated with its disposal. Using sewage sludge in agriculture has limitations due to the presence of heavy metals, which can cause soil pollution and potentially harm animals and humans through the food chain. Furthermore, the use of sewage sludge can also lead to salinity and pollution of underground water by increasing the levels of nitrates and heavy metals in the soil water. The aim of this study was to explore the potential of using ornamental sunflowers for phytoremediation and to examine how this process affects the properties of drainage water. This research was conducted in the research greenhouse of Aburaihan campus of Tehran University. The sewage sludge was related to the sewage treatment plant in the south of Tehran and was prepared anaerobically and dewatered. Sewage sludge containing 0, 10 and 20 percent by weight of soil was done in three replications in the form of a completely randomized block design. Ornamental sunflower plant (Helianthus annuus) was used in this research. During the growth period, the water drains from the first watering after applying the treatments and the water drain from the last watering of the pots before harvesting the flowers were collected. The test results showed that the use of sewage sludge causes a significant increase in the concentration of Pb, Ni and Cd in the Ornamental sunflower roots and drainage water. But the concentration of these elements is lower than the standard limit and it shows that sunflower is able to purify these metals. Also, the amount of nitrogen and potassium in the water was increased.
An integrated approach to remove endocrine-disrupting chemicals bisphenol and its analogues from the aqueous environment: a review
Authors: A. V. Monica , K. Anbalagan , I. Becky Miriyam
Published: September 2023

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a well-known endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) used as a plastic enhancer in producing polycarbonate resins to manufacture hard plastics. Due to strict limitations on the manufacturing and utilization of BPA, several bisphenol substitutes, bisphenol F (BPF), bisphenol S (BPS), and bisphenol AF (BPAF), have been developed to replace it in various applications. Because of their widespread use in food containers, infant bottles, and reusable water bottles, bisphenols (BPs) have been identified in different environmental circumstances, including drinking water, seawater, industrial effluent, and endocrine systems such as human blood, urine, and breast milk. However, locating and analyzing them in different conditions has proven to be challenging. Therefore, there is a need to reduce the prevalence of BPs in the environment. The significance of advanced treatment options for treating and eliminating BPA and its alternatives from water bodies are reviewed. Also, the research gaps and future scopes are discussed in this review article. According to the literature survey, adsorption and photocatalytic degradation provide synergistic benefits for environmental challenges because of their substantial adsorption Q5 capacity, high oxidation capability, and low cost compared to alternative individual treatment options.
Inovações no mercado de molhos agridoces similares ao ketchup: uma revisão bibliográfica
Authors: Sommer Sueli Fiorini , Richter Marc François , Sant’ Anna Voltaire
Published: September 2023

O ketchup é um produto com destaque tanto no consumo difuso em lanches e refeições rápidas, como também na culinária, utilizado por chefs de cozinha na preparação de pratos e receitas. A indústria alimentícia, impulsionada pelos avanços tecnológicos, bem como pela demanda dos consumidores e pela concorrência, inova constantemente, com lançamento de novos produtos e novos processos de produção. Este trabalho teve por objetivo compilar as principais tendências e inovações observadas no desenvolvimento de molhos agridoces similares ao ketchup, com ingredientes alternativos, através de revisão bibliográfica. A busca de dados foi realizada em bases como SciELO, Portal de Periódicos CAPES, bem como em artigos disponíveis no Google Scholar. Observou-se que as principais inovações ocorreram no desenvolvimento de molhos enriquecidos com ingredientes ricos em bioativos como polifenóis, antocianinas e carotenoides. Destacamos os estudos realizados com acerola, morango, goiaba e açaí, ingredientes alternativos ao tomate, que caracterizam os molhos similares ao ketchup.
Germinative performance of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) landrace seeds for organic production
Authors: Rech Bisi Vanessa Susana , Silvestre Wendel , Silva Rodrigues Lessandra
Published: September 2023

Currently, it is observed a gap in the supply of seeds from organic farming production systems to meet the demand for seeds of vegetables. In this sense, landrace seeds may stand as an alternative to commercial seeds, reconciling organic farming practices with the genetic diversity of landrace seeds and family farming. This work aimed to evaluate the germinative performance of landrace lettuce seeds obtained directly from the farmer and produced with an organic system as an alternative seed source for use in organic farming. A batch of commercial seeds and two batches of landrace seeds from different places were evaluated. The following tests were carried out: germination, first germination count, germination speed index, accelerated aging test, resistance to stress induced by cold, and tetrazolium test. The obtained results underwent ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple range test at 5 % error probability. The results showed that both the conventional and the landrace seeds had germination percentages above 90 %. The vigor of the seeds produced with the conventional system was greater in the tetrazolium test. The three batches had a similar performance in the tests of resistance to stress induced by cold at 5 °C.
Implicit Selective Attention: The Role of the Mesencephalic-basal Ganglia System
Authors: Esposito Matteo , Palermo Sara , Nahi Ylenia Camassa , Tamietto Marco , Celeghin Alessia
Published: September 2023

The ability of the brain to recognize and orient attention to relevant stimuli appearing in the
visual field is highlighted by a tuning process, which involves modulating the early visual system by
both cortical and subcortical brain areas. Selective attention is coordinated not only by the output of
stimulus-based saliency maps but is also influenced by top-down cognitive factors, such as internal
states, goals, or previous experiences. The basal ganglia system plays a key role in implicitly modulating
the underlying mechanisms of selective attention, favouring the formation and maintenance of implicit
sensory-motor memories that are capable of automatically modifying the output of priority maps
in sensory-motor structures of the midbrain, such as the superior colliculus. The article presents an
overview of the recent literature outlining the crucial contribution of several subcortical structures to
the processing of different sources of salient stimuli. In detail, we will focus on how the mesencephalic-
basal ganglia closed loops contribute to implicitly addressing and modulating selective attention
to prioritized stimuli. We conclude by discussing implicit behavioural responses observed in clinical
populations in which awareness is compromised at some level. Implicit (emergent) awareness in
clinical conditions that can be accompanied by manifest anosognosic symptomatology (i.e., hemiplegia)
or involving abnormal conscious processing of visual information (i.e., unilateral spatial neglect
and blindsight) represents interesting neurocognitive “test cases” for inferences about mesencephalicbasal
ganglia closed-loops involvement in the formation of implicit sensory-motor memories.
A Review on Synthesis, Characterization, and Pharmacological Properties of Some Sydnone Derivatives
Authors: Khan Takallum , Yadav Ritu , Kesharwani Amul Kumar , Chourasia Karuna
Published: September 2023

The mesoionic compounds have great importance due to their dipolar nature. They are versatile
synthons in synthetic chemistry and possess various chemotherapeutic activity. The most important
moiety found in mesoionic compounds is the sydnone ring system. Sydnone derivatives have
stimulated much interest among synthetic researchers as a result of their unique dipolar, mesoionic
character. This ring system is also associated with a wide variety of biological activities. Sydnones
derivatives have various applications synthetic and medicinal chemistry. Sydnones serve as very useful
precursors for selective heterocycles (pyrazoles, imidazoles, oxadiazoles, oxazoles, thiazoles, tetrazoles)
which has also served to initiate research into their functionalization and cycloaddition chemistry.
Which proved stimulated extensive research of sydnones under chemical and its probable industrial
applications. So, this mini-review article offers a wide scope of synthesis and applications of sydnones
derivatives.
Identifying Cannabidiol (CBD) Research Priorities Relevant to
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Authors: Hulvershorn Leslie , Weinstein Sally , Bixler Kristina , Murray Olivia K. , Smoker Michael , Hammond Christopher
Published: September 2023

Cannabidiol (CBD), a plant-derived cannabinoid compound found in
cannabis, has been readily available in the United States since the legalization of
hemp products in 2018. With all 50 states legalizing some form of CBD, many
products have appeared in the marketplace. The American public generally
considers CBD a safe and effective way to manage pain, mental health conditions,
and other health issues in children and adults, even though CBD has only been
approved for the treatment of specific types of pediatric seizures. This report
describes early findings from preclinical CBD studies, select clinical trials, and
naturalistic observational studies of CBD users and identifies knowledge gaps in
this emerging field, especially those relating to the developmental effects of CBD.
The main goal of this report is to identify priorities for future CBD research,
particularly those that will benefit the field of child and adolescent psychiatry.
In vitro Study on Antioxidant and Antiglycation Activities, and Molecular
Docking of Moroccan Medicinal Plants for Diabetes
Authors: Rhizlan Abdnim , Amine Elbouzidi , Ouassou Hayat , Elrherabi Amal , Berraaouan Ali , Legssyer Abdelkhaleq , Ziyyat Abderrahim , Mekhfi Hassane , Bnouham Mohamed
Published: September 2023

Background:

Moroccan medicinal plants with historical usage to treat diabetes have
been analyzed to explore their potential anti-glycation and antioxidant activities through in vitro experiments.
These investigations have been complemented by molecular docking.

Methods:

The present study has examined the in vitro antioxidant and antiglycation properties of
six aqueous extracts from six medicinal plants (Ammodaucus leucotrichus, Thymelaea hirsuta, Arbutus
unedo, Urtica dioica, Ptychotis verticillata, and Caralluma europaea), and two seeds oils
from Argania spinosa and Opuntia dillenii. The antioxidant activity was determined by using the
DPPH radical scavenging activity test and β-carotene/linoleic acid bleaching assay. In addition, the
antiglycation activity was detected by using the hemoglobin protein model.

Results:

All studied plant extracts have shown potent antioxidant and antiglycation activity. Furthermore,
to confirm the in silico antiglycation activity of the selected medicinal plants, molecular
docking techniques were used assuming that binding energy decreases as compound affinity increases;
the best molecules responsible for the remarkable antiglycation activity have also been
highlighted.

Conclusion:

Antidiabetic herbal medicines are responsible for the inhibition of oxidative activity
and glycation. The molecular docking analysis showed catechin, kaempferol-O-acetylhexoside, luteolin,
luteolin-7-O-glucoside, quercetin, and zeaxanthin, to have a high affinity to AGEs receptor
and a potent inhibitory activity.