bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Documenter « la draperie vivante ». Pour une réévaluation des photographies marocaines de Gaëtan Gatian de Clérambault (1918‑1919)
Authors: Lacour Annabelle
Published: October 2024

Les photographies de Gaëtan Gatian de Clérambault prises au Maroc entre 1918 et 1919 et conservées au musée du quai Branly constituent un ensemble exceptionnel de plus de huit cents tirages, donnant à voir de manière systématique le drapé traditionnel marocain. Leur découverte posthume a fait l’objet d’interprétations diverses, en lien avec les écrits psychiatriques de Clérambault et sa personnalité romanesque. Dans cet article, Annabelle Lacour réévalue cette œuvre photographique singulière à la lumière des archives de leur auteur et de ses écrits sur le drapé, déchiffrant son langage visuel et mettant en lumière l’extrême cohérence, longtemps ignorée, de son projet. S’il existe un lien entre le photographe et le psychiatre, il se trouve dans sa démarche, dans son regard clinique, dans sa précision analytique. C’est avec cette rigueur scientifique qu’il capture le drapé marocain, tente d’en comprendre l’« anatomie » et entame un projet d’analyse et de classification des « draperies actuellement vivantes » dans le monde.
Le calendrier rouge. L’histoire de la révolution comme décoration murale
Authors: Hesse Wolfgang
Published: October 2024

Les quelque 1 750 feuillets du calendrier ouvrier (Arbeiterkalender) publié de 1923 à 1933 par la maison d’édition Carl Hoym Nachf., propriété de l’Internationale communiste (le Komintern), offraient à ses lecteurs des matériaux de provenance internationale servant à l’illustration et à l’étude de l’histoire de l’exploitation et des révolutions, principalement aux XIXe et XXe siècles. La culture visuelle de masse, qui connut un essor fulgurant après la Première Guerre mondiale avec le développement de la presse illustrée, du cinéma et de la photographie amateur, influença fortement l’Arbeiterkalender qui fit apparaître, pour la première fois, certains des éléments de la stratégie éditoriale du Komintern. Après que les fonds d’images eurent été rendus accessibles non seulement en Russie mais également en Allemagne, les photographies se mirent à jouer, en parallèle aux textes et à côté des reproductions d’œuvres de Daumier, Meunier ou Steinlen, un rôle de plus en plus dominant. En tant qu’élément de décoration accroché sur les murs des espaces privés, la page se tournant au rythme d’un à trois jours, le calendrier ouvrier cherchait, sur un mode pédagogique et émotionnel, à établir des liens entre la vie quotidienne, le temps historique et la pensée utopique. « Les calendriers ne décomptent donc pas le temps à la manière des horloges. Ils sont les monuments d’une conscience historique » (Walter Benjamin).
Une nouvelle abstraction ? Le photographique à l’ère post‑digitale
Authors: Schönegg Kathrin
Published: October 2024

Longtemps, l’histoire de l’abstraction s’est passée du médium de la photographie. Il faudra attendre la fin du XXe siècle, cinquante ans après son apogée dans l’art moderne, pour que l’abstraction connaisse une véritable renaissance dans la photographie contemporaine. L’article examine la thèse selon laquelle, derrière ce retour de l’abstraction, on assiste à une confrontation autoréflexive avec la matérialité et la médialité de l’acte photographique à l’ère de sa prétendue disparition. C’est avec l’avènement du numérique que l’abstraction photographique développe pour la première fois pleinement son potentiel. Les discours de crise, qui avaient déjà accompagné le tournant abstrait dans l’art au début du XXe siècle, s’instaureront tardivement dans le domaine de la photographie : dans les années 1990, avec le passage de l’analogique au numérique, on entend de plus en plus souvent parler de la « fin de la photographie ». Vingt ans après, le numérique a élaboré sa propre histoire. Aujourd’hui, l’art contemporain l’interpelle – et cette nouvelle photographie analytique se manifeste sous la forme d’une image abstraite.
Designers et pratiques d’observation. La notation photographique à l’épreuve de la publication (via et au‑delà d’Instagram)
Authors: Geel Catherine
Published: October 2024

Le designer, comme l’artiste ou le scientifique, est formé à une pratique : celle du carnet de notes, où il est possible de recenser à base de brèves annotations les éléments de son environnement qu’il remarque. À l’autre extrémité de la chaîne, des images, dont il n’est pas nécessairement l’auteur, assureront la diffusion du projet abouti et seront disséminées le plus largement possible. Dès le XIXe siècle, la pratique photographique est venue progressivement enrichir ces deux étapes. Aujourd’hui les designers sont de grands utilisateurs du réseau de partage de photo et de vidéos Instagram. Si la pratique photographique à la volée, le snapshot, et l’enregistrement sont facilités, sans surprise, par le développement des techniques numériques, il convient de remarquer que la publication massive de ces images sur un réseau comme Instagram change peut-être le statut et certains paramètres des réalisations de leurs images par les designers. Ce sont ces points, décrivant un certain rapport des designers aux images d’observations qu’ils réalisaient « pour eux-mêmes » et qu’ils rendent aujourd’hui publiques, que nous interrogerons jusqu’à leur éditorialisation et leur publication.
Un langage pour le design. La « folie photographique » de Charles et Ray Eames
Authors: Midal Alexandra
Published: October 2024

À partir des années 1950, la passion de Charles Eames, qualifiée par son ami le cinéaste Billy Wilder de « folie photographique », croît exponentiellement pour atteindre une production de plus de 750 000 négatifs, désormais conservés à la Library of Congress. La photographie de Charles et Ray Eames s’avère centrale à leur pratique de designers (cadrage, vision, valeur de plans, rythme, etc.) et leurs prises de vue constituent les éléments d’une grammaire visuelle se substituant peu à peu au langage. Plus encore, les Awareness Shows, du nom de leur production multimédia, délivrent aussi une surprise ; au fil des années, face aux injonctions de rentabilité du marché, qui sacrifient la qualité d’un design accessible, et surtout face à l’échec du design industriel à engager une réforme sociale, les Eames opèrent un déplacement du design de produit vers le design d’information et du marché vers les institutions muséales.
Changement de perspective. La photographie comme pratique productive dans les processus de conception architecturale
Authors: Liptau Ralf
Published: October 2024

L’article s’intéresse au potentiel productif de la photographie dans les processus de conception architecturale des années 1950. Comment la photographie, qui a vocation, pour l’essentiel, de reproduire et de témoigner, déploie-t-elle un potentiel créatif propre dans le processus de la conception à l’ère prédigitale, contribuant ainsi à créer quelque chose de nouveau ? Des fonds d’archives photographiques provenant d’Allemagne constituent la base matérielle de cet essai. Leur analyse part de la thèse selon laquelle il convient d’étudier les « lacunes » entre l’image et l’objet représenté pour être en mesure d’interroger la photographie en tant que médium et pratique de conception. Quatre notions définissant des « compétences » permettant d’appréhender la photographie seront développées et proposées : aplatir, isoler, pérenniser et ébaucher – des notions grâce auxquelles il est possible de saisir sa contribution réelle à la pratique architecturale.
« Point-shoot-share, instantly ». L’invention de la photographie partagée. Entretien avec Philippe Kahn
Authors: Kahn Philippe , Chéroux Clément , Lehtinen Linde B. , Katz Sally Martin
Published: October 2024

L’inventeur et entrepreneur français Philippe Kahn, aujourd’hui installé dans la Silicon Valley, est reconnu pour avoir mis au point le premier système de partage instantané d’images par téléphone portable. Le 11 juin 1997, jour de la naissance de sa fille Sophie, il la photographie avec son appareil numérique. L’image est ensuite téléchargée sur son ordinateur portable puis associée à un message écrit. L’ensemble est transféré depuis la clinique à l’aide d’un téléphone cellulaire vers un ordinateur situé chez lui qui envoie ensuite des notifications aux 2 000 contacts de son carnet d’adresses. La naissance de la fille de Kahn est donc aussi celle d’une expérimentation à grande échelle qui préfigure l’échange d’images sur les réseaux sociaux. Par-delà les informations de première main que cet entretien propose aux lecteurs, il pose également différentes questions liées aux premiers pas de la photographie partagée tant sur le plan technologique, qu’industriel ou humain.
Rich, literate, and powerful
Authors: Felício Beatriz da Silva
Published: October 2024

In the late Middle Ages, Iberian Jewish quarters were frequently under the Church’s lordship, as Jewish communities rented property from ecclesiastical institutions. That would be the case of Évora, the second city of the kingdom and an episcopal See of demographical, cultural, and political importance, whose Judiaria Nova was mostly owned by the See’s canons and bacharéis. This article analyses the relationship between Jewish tenants and ecclesiastical landlords through their emphyteutic everyday interactions. Using Évora and its See’s lordship as a case study, I will be resorting to deeds, donations, sentences, and compositions to ascertain the status and treatment of Jews as tenants, framing religious identities within socio‑economic interests.
Mobility, Change, and A Shared History
Authors: Titleman Mark
Published: October 2024

It was only in 1727 that the first Turkish‑Muslim printing house was established by Ibrahim Müteferrika with the support of Sultan Ahmed III. It came into existence in Istanbul at the beginning of the eighteenth century during a peaceful interlude known as the Tulip Era – a brief period characterized by increasing consumerism, religious tolerance, interest in philosophy and openness to the West. Many reasons have been put forward for this late adoption: Sultanic firmans, opposition from scribes, lack of a market for printed texts, and the difficulty in printing Arabic script. What forms of mobility in print material and technology existed before 1727 in the Ottoman Empire, and how did they interact with the creation of a Turkish‑Muslim printing press during the Tulip Era? It was Rabbi Jacob ben Asher’s incunable of 1493 – "Four Rows" – that marked the inauguration of printing of any type in the Ottoman Empire. This text will be briefly analyzed, along with the ensuing centuries‑long Hebrew and Ladino print traditions, and finally their continuation through the Tulip Era. This article will frame the historical development of Jewish print culture in Istanbul and the Ottoman Empire from the fifteenth century to the eighteenth century while situating it within the international marketplace. The exchanges between the intercontinental Jewish print culture, the first Turkish‑Muslim printing house, and European intellectuals emphasize interconnectedness as well as the reimagination of the Tulip Era not as the initial thrust of Ottoman "modernization" but rather the amalgamation of previous technological and socioeconomic forces. Using Ottoman Jewish printing as a comprehensive example, "modernization" in the Ottoman Empire is shown to have occurred over many centuries, with its achievement the result of a blending of different coexisting cultures and trends.
Représenter la centralité marchande : la coloration marchande et ses usages
Authors: Lebrun Nicolas
Published: October 2024

La centralité marchande est le potentiel marchand détenu par un lieu. Elle peut être générée par différents types de configurations spatiales (les modes de centralité). L’article propose de voir comment représenter graphiquement cette centralité, afin de bien appréhender ses dimensions qualitatives. Nous qualifions de coloration marchande la proportion entre les différents modes de centralité : l’outil graphique proposé repose sur la couleur, entendue comme élément facilitant de la compréhension des situations spatiales. L’utilisation d’un même procédé graphique permettra de mieux discerner potentiel marchand d’un espace et usages réels (les modes d’usages) de celui-ci. Cet outil devrait permettre une meilleure prise en compte de la diversité des situations marchandes dans la production des cadres de l’urbanisme commercial.
Commercial ambiances and atmospheres. Explorations of the sensory dimension of retail in urban space
Authors: Kazig Rainer , Laroche Sylvie
Published: October 2024

This article focuses on the sensory quality of the urban environment under the influence of retail trade. It proposes a rapprochement between the geography of retail trade and research in the field of ambiances and atmospheres, and outlines three resulting research perspectives for the geography of retail trade. The first concerns the material dimension of retail facilities and the contribution of the notion of ambiance to characterising the impact of the material dimension on the qualities of the reception and the uses of public space. The following perspective looks at commercial spaces as objects of ordinary aesthetics. By drawing on the notions of atmosphere and ambiance, it aims to understand how and under what conditions users experience space through aesthetic attention. The third perspective addresses the role of atmospheres in analysing the emergence of a sense of community in commercial spaces.
Primary healthcare rehabilitation users’ views on activity limitations and participation in South Africa
Authors: Maseko Lebogang J. , Adams Fasloen , Myezwa Hellen
Published: October 2024

Background: Increasing functional limitations and disabilities have raised the need for comprehensive rehabilitation services at the primary healthcare (PHC) level, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. To support the integration of these services into PHC in South Africa, assessing outcomes from the service users’ perspectives is essential.Objectives: This study examined service users’ views on their PHC rehabilitation outcomes in a Metropolitan District of Gauteng, South Africa. The aim was to understand perceived changes in activity limitations and participation restrictions following the rehabilitation intervention.Method: A quantitative survey design, including self-rating measurements and structured interviews, was employed. Thirty-eight rehabilitation service users from eight clinics and community health centres were purposively sampled. Participants rated their pre- and post-rehabilitation levels of difficulty in activity limitations and participation restrictions, with open-ended questions providing additional insights. Data analysis used descriptive statistics, quantitative content analysis, and non-parametric tests.Results: Significant improvements in mobility, self-perception, and quality of life were reported by both adult and child service users. Caregivers of child service users also noted positive experiences (p = 0.019) in community, social, and civic life.Conclusion: This study highlights the perceived positive changes experienced by PHC rehabilitation service users in addressing functional limitations and disabilities. It underscores the effectiveness of integrated rehabilitation service delivery in improving user outcomes.Contribution: The findings offer valuable insights into how rehabilitation interventions enhance functional abilities, social participation, and overall well-being. By focusing on activity limitations and participation restrictions from service users’ perspectives, this study supports the priority of providing person-centred rehabilitation services at the PHC level.
Participatory research with youth with disabilities: Experiences from sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Bannink Mbazzi Femke , Hameed Shaffa , Ganle John K. , Shakespeare Tom , Polack Sarah
Published: October 2024

Background: Disability inclusive youth research, involving youth with disabilities in the design, implementation and dissemination of study data, is still limited in Africa.Objectives: To describe and reflect on the experiences of involving youth with disabilities in an exploratory research study, focused on disability-inclusive education and employment in 7 African countries.Method: 12 youths with different impairments, aged 18 to 35, were employed as researchers in Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal and Uganda. Youth researchers contributed to the data collection and analysis of interviews with 210 youth with disabilities. 24 youth advisors with disabilities formed two youth advisory groups (YAG) of 12 advisors each in the regional hub countries Ghana and Uganda. The YAGs met 4 times during the project and contributed to the study design, data collection, data analysis and dissemination activities. In addition, 4 workshops were held with the Ugandan YAG to develop a participatory film.Results: Together with the youth participants, we reflected on the experiences of involving youth with disabilities and conducting research with, by and on youth with disabilities. We highlighted ethics and safeguarding, recruitment and representation, exploring experiences and data quality, participatory dissemination, accessibility, capacity building and networking as key areas of consideration and benefit in this project.Conclusion: Participatory research with youth with disabilities is feasible, enriching, and key to inclusive research that informs education and employment policy and practices.Contribution: Lessons learned from youth involvement in a disability inclusive research programme, focused on education and employment in 7 African countries.
Breaking the cycle of poor critical reading comprehension: A strategy-based intervention
Authors: Olifant Florence M.
Published: October 2024

Critical reading comprehension is a crucial skill for lifelong learning, but many learners struggle with effectively extracting meaning from texts. This study aimed to address this issue by investigating how a strategy-based instruction intervention could impact learners’ critical reading comprehension competence. The study employed a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental pre- and post-test control group design. The participants were 155 Grade 9 English first additional language (FAL) learners from two high schools in Gauteng, South Africa. The intervention programme was based on Bloom’s taxonomy categories for learning, teaching and assessing, modified into six strategies: (1) knowledge (pre-reading), (2) comprehension (extracting meaning), (3) application (asking questions), (4) analysis (reflection), (5) evaluation (outlining key concepts and decision-making) and (6) synthesis (summarising). Using a two-way mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA) paired sample t-tests, the study found that while both groups’ critical reading comprehension competence increased, the experimental group that received the strategy-based instruction intervention performed significantly better in the post-test, showing a significant improvement compared to the control group. The findings demonstrated that providing clear explanations, instruction and support on reading strategies can enhance learners’ critical reading comprehension, highlighting the mutual reliance between teaching and learning. The teacher’s instructional approach in guiding learners to effectively use reading strategies is crucial for enhancing critical reading comprehension in the English FAL classroom. In conclusion, the results suggest that the intervention effectively enhanced critical reading comprehension competence, and if implemented by teachers, it could potentially help break the cycle of poor critical reading comprehension among English FAL learners.Contribution: The contribution of this study lies in its provision of empirically supported perspectives and insights into the effectiveness of strategy-based instruction interventions. It emphasises the necessity of employing explicit reading comprehension pedagogies and targeted interventions, along with explicit instructional strategies, to address the reading comprehension challenges encountered by English FAL learners in South Africa and beyond.
Factors associated with unfavourable treatment outcomes among tuberculosis patients at health facilities of Maseru, Lesotho
Authors: Leketa Masechaba M. , Zondi Slindile , Cele Lindiwe , Mathibe Mmampedi , Ngwepe Phuti
Published: October 2024

Tuberculosis (TB) treatment success rates (TSR) remain low in Lesotho. The country achieved TSR of 76% in 2020, which is far below the World Health Organization’s 95% target set for 2030. This study determined the level of treatment success and factors associated with unfavourable treatment outcomes. This descriptive cross-sectional study used patient records to perform descriptive and logistic regression analyses. Sixty-one per cent of the 336 TB patients were male. Two hundred and eighty-nine had favourable outcomes, of which 10% died in the course of treatment. Patients ≤ 44 years old, and those with supported treatment, had lower odds of unfavourable treatment outcomes, respectively, adjusted odds ration [aOR] = 0.39 (95% CI: 0.19–0.78) and aOR = 0.22 (95% CI: 0.08–0.62), p  0.05.Contribution: The death of patients while on TB treatment needs to be addressed, including heightened advocacy for supported treatment.
In vitro antibacterial effect of a nano-zinc oxide eugenol sealer alone and in combination with chitosan, propolis, and nanosilver on Enterococcus faecalis
Authors: Ghaffari Parisa , Zeighami Habib , Najdalizade Mohammad , Eftekhar Leila
Published: October 2024

Background:

This study aimed to assess the antibacterial effect of a nano-zinc oxide eugenol (nZOE) sealer alone and in combination with chitosan, propolis, and nanosilver on Enterococcus faecalis.

Materials and Methods:

In this in vitro, experimental study, nanosilver, chitosan, and propolis with 10wt%, 20wt%, and 60wt% concentrations, respectively, were added to nZOE sealer, and their antibacterial activity against E. faecalis was evaluated by agar diffusion and broth microdilution tests. The diameter of the growth inhibition zones was measured, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values were calculated for all materials. Data were analyzed by t-test (alpha = 0.05).

Results:

The addition of nanosilver, chitosan, and propolis to nZOE did not change the diameter of growth inhibition zone in agar diffusion test. Propolis and eugenol alone showed the lowest MIC and MBC. Chitosan alone showed the highest MIC and MBC. Furthermore, nZOE showed lower MBC than micro-ZOE (P = 0.000). All groups containing nZOE showed the lowest MIC and MBC values.

Conclusion:

The addition of propolis to nZOE can enhance its antibacterial activity against E. faecalis in vitro.
The neural correlates of hearing loss-related distress: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study
Authors: Aldhafeeri Faten M.
Published: October 2024

Background:

The objective of this study is to investigate the brain mechanisms that contribute to the experience of emotional distress related to hearing loss (HL), using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).

Materials and Methods:

Two groups, matched in age, and gender were recruited: one group with bilateral high-frequency HL (n = 15) and a control group with normal hearing (NH, n = 15). During the task-based phase of the experiment, participants were given instructions to rate emotional stimuli from the International Emotional Digital Sounds (IADS) database and classify them as either pleasant, unpleasant, or neutral.

Results:

The findings from both the fMRI investigations indicate that individuals with NH and those with HL have contrasting emotional reactions. More precisely, in the task-oriented investigation, we observed a delayed reaction to emotional sounds, but not to neutral sounds, in the group with HL in comparison to the NH group. The brain activity patterns of the NH group showed increased activation in limbic, frontal, and auditory areas, while processing emotional stimuli.

Conclusions:

Our results elucidate the brain mechanisms behind emotional discomfort caused by HL, paving the way for future research on therapeutic interventions to mitigate the psychological impact of HL.
Pregnancy-associated de novo systemic lupus erythematosus in people living with HIV/AIDS
Authors: Mendiratta Vibhu , Yadav Anukriti
Published: October 2024

Pregnancy with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) requires special attention in view of the enhanced risks to the fetus and the aggravation of SLE during pregnancy. Human immunodeficiency virus infection can further complicate the course of pregnancy as well as the outcome. We present a case of a 28-year-old primigravida who was diagnosed case of people living with HIV/AIDS and presented with SLE at 34 weeks of gestation. Subsequent evaluation of the patient revealed latent tuberculosis also. Cutaneous lesions responded well to oral corticosteroids, however, the outcome of pregnancy was hydrops fetalis. This report highlights the complex interplay of multiple comorbidities and their adverse impact on pregnancy outcome.
Pseudoprogression during immunotherapy for gastric adenocarcinoma: A case report and literature review
Authors: Zhang Lanying , Tian Tiantian , Zhang Yingying , Yu Shuliang , Chen Fangjie , Qiao Lili , Hu Pingping , Zhang Jiandong
Published: October 2024

Immunotherapy is a novel treatment option for various types of cancers. However, the optimal timing for response evaluation has not been well defined. Here, we present a gastric cancer (GC) patient with microsatellite instability-high who experienced recurrence 5 years and 11 months after radical gastrectomy. Then, the patient was treated with radiotherapy, targeted drugs, and immunotherapy. Immunotherapy resulted in 5 months of continuous progression, accompanied by significantly increased tumor marker CA19-9. However, the patient exhibited a satisfactory response without altering the treatment. Based on this, we hypothesized that some persistent progression with elevated tumor markers, known as pseudoprogression (PsP), might be observed in patients with recurrent GC during immunotherapy. This process might be prolonged, but if the treatment is continued, it will eventually produce remarkable therapeutic effects. PsP might challenge the globally accepted immune response evaluation criteria for solid tumors.
Identification of prognosis-related cyclin-dependent kinases and potential response drugs in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Chen Shuanggang , Shen Binyan , Wu Ying , Shen Lujun , Qi Han , Cao Fei , Huang Tao , Tan Hongtong , Zhang Guoping , Fan Weijun
Published: October 2024

Context and Aims:

Which cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) involved in the progress of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) need to be further clarified. To identify prognostic-relevant biomarkers in HCC through a systematic investigation of the prognostic value of CDKs.

Methods and Material:

We explored the relationship between CDKs expression and the prognosis of patients with HCC using multiple online databases. In addition, their biological functions and correlation with the immune system and drug response were investigated.

Results:

Among the 20 CDKs (CDK1 ~20) altered in HCC, the significantly high expression of CDK1 and CDK4 in patients with HCC was significantly associated with worse prognosis. Interestingly, CDK1 had significant co-occurrence with CDK4 and CDK1-related and CDK4-related signaling pathways are closely related to hepatitis virus–related HCC. We identified multiple transcription factors of CDK1 and CDK4; of those, only four (E2F1, PTTG1, RELA, and SP1) were significantly associated with the prognosis of HCC patients. Genetic alterations in CDKs were significantly correlated with disease-free and progression-free survival, which may be associated with aberrant expression of progesterone receptor. Moreover, we found a significantly positive correlation between CDK1 and CDK4 expression and tumor-infiltrating activated CD4+ T cell and exhausted T cell–related signature. Finally, we identified drugs with good potential prognostic value predicted by CDK1 and CDK4 levels.

Conclusions:

CDK1 and CDK4 may be potential prognostic biomarkers for HCC. Moreover, targeting four transcription factors (E2F1, PTTG1, RELA, and SP1) combined with immunotherapy may be a new therapeutic strategy for treating HCC patients with high CDK1 and CDK4 expression, especially hepatitis-related HCC.
Progress in the knowledge on the transformation of lung adenocarcinoma to small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Wang Aiguang , Han Cuiping , Zhao Hui , Zheng Zhaomin , Ye Xin , Shan Rong
Published: October 2024

Lung cancer is a common type of carcinoma and is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The two broad histological subtypes of lung cancer are non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which accounts for 85% of cases and includes adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, and small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), which accounts for 15% of cases. Substantial improvements in treatment have led to remarkable progress and changed outcomes for many patients in the past two decades. However, with prolonged survival time and awareness of repeat biopsy, more and more patients with lung cancer have been found to undergo a histological transformation during treatment, with lung adenocarcinoma (LAdC) to SCLC transformation being the most frequent. In this article, we summarized findings on the mechanism, clinical characteristics, therapeutic strategies, and predictors of the transformation of LAdC to SCLC. A non-systematic narrative review was performed using the Pubmed/MEDLINE (US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health) database with the following keywords: “transformation from NSCLC to SCLC,” “transformation from lung adenocarcinoma to small-cell lung cancer,” “NSCLC transformation in SCLC,” and “NSCLC and transformation and SCLC.” Articles published until June 2022 were analyzed. Search results were limited to human studies without restriction for language.
Prognostic effects of different malignant obstructive jaundice sites on percutaneous biliary intervention: A retrospective controlled study
Authors: Xu Junming , Zhuang Shaowu , Liu Mingqiang , Wu Songhui , Li Huajie
Published: October 2024

Purpose:

To compare the survival prognosis of percutaneous transhepatic biliary stenting (PTBS) in the treatment of malignant obstructive jaundice (MOJ) at different horizontal sites.

Methods:

A total of 120 patients with MOJ who underwent biliary stenting were retrospectively included and analyzed and divided into the high-position group (36 patients), middle-position group (43 patients), and low-position group (41 patients) according to biliary obstruction plane by biliary anatomy. Kaplan–Meier curves were used to test for differences in the overall survival (OS), risk assessment of death and potential risk factors for 1-year survival were analyzed using multifactorial Cox regression.

Results:

The median survival of the high-, middle-, low-position groups were 16, 8.6, and 5.6 months, with a statistically significant difference (P = 0.017). The 1-year survival rate was 67.6%, 41.9%, and 41.5% in the high-, middle-, low-position groups (P < 0.05), and the 1-year risk of death was 2.35 and 2.93 times higher in the medium- and low-position groups, respectively. The incidences of the main complications were 25%, 48.8%, and 65.9% in the high-, middle-, and low-position groups, respectively, (P = 0.002). While the differences in median stent patency were not statistically significant (P > 0.05) in the groups, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and total bilirubin levels decreased gradually in each group at 1 month and 3 months after interventional therapy (P < 0.001), while there was no significant difference in the decrease between the groups.

Conclusions:

Different levels of biliary obstruction in patients with MOJ affect survival, especially at 1 year, where high obstruction treated with PTBS has a low incidence of complications and a low risk of death.
Efficacy and safety of apatinib and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization as second-line therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Li Tao , Zhao Jingfang , Zhang Shuai , Wang Hui , Sun Linlin , Hu Jinhua
Published: October 2024

Background:

Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have demonstrated clinical efficacy against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as first-line therapy. However, there is limited evidence on the efficacy and safety of apatinib plus TACE as second-line treatment for advanced HCC.

Aim:

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of apatinib in combination with TACE for advanced HCC patients with disease progression or intolerant to first-line treatment.

Patients and Methods:

Between May 2019 and January 2022, 72 advanced HCC patients received apatinib plus TACE as second-line treatment. Clinical parameters, efficacy, and safety were assessed. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) and the secondary the objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR).

Results:

The median follow-up duration was 14.7 months (range, 4.5–26.0). The median PFS from the beginning of treatment was 7.1 months (1.0–15.2) and its 95% CI was 6.6–8.2 according to Kaplan–Meier analysis. The ORR and DCR were 34.7% (95% CI: 23.9%–46.9%) and 48.6% (95% CI: 36.7%–60.7%), respectively. By the cutoff date, 33 patients (45.8%) had died and 39 (54.2%) were undergoing survival follow-up. The estimated median overall survival (mOS) was 22.3 months (95%: CI: 20.6–24.0) by Kaplan–Meier analysis. The most common apatinib-related adverse events of any grade were hypertension [35 (48.6%)], appetite loss [30 (41.6%)], and hand–foot syndrome [21 (29.2%)].

Conclusion:

The combination of apatinib and TACE as second-line therapy demonstrated promising clinical efficacy and tolerable adverse effects for advanced HCC patients.
USP7 mediates TRAF4 deubiquitination to facilitate the malignant phenotype of ovarian cancer via the RSK4/PI3K/AKT axis
Authors: Wang Ying , Luo Xia , Wu Nayiyuan , Liao Qianjin , Wang Jing
Published: October 2024

Background:

Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 7 (USP7) is upregulated in multiple human cancers, including ovarian cancer; however, its functional role in the latter remains largely unknown.

Methods:

We conducted quantitative real-time PCR to detect the expression of USP7, TRAF4, and RSK4 in ovarian cancer cell lines. In addition, Western blotting served to determine USP7, TRAF4, RSK4, PI3K, and AKT (protein kinase B,PKB) protein levels and USP7 expression in the tissues was detected by immunohistochemical staining. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay was used to evaluate cell viability, transwell assays to evaluate cell migration and invasion, and co-immunoprecipitation to evaluate TRAF4 ubiquitination.

Results:

The results showed USP7 and TRAF4 upregulation, and RSK4 downregulation in ovarian cancer cell lines. Knocking down USP7 suppressed viability, migration, and invasion of ovarian cancer cells; TRAF4 knockdown and RSK4 overexpression had similar effects in ovarian cancer cells. TRAF4 is deubiquitinated and stabilized by USP7, whereas RSK4 is negatively regulated by TRAF4. A mouse xenograft model confirmed that knocking down USP7 suppressed ovarian tumor growth by regulating the TRAF4/RSK4/PI3K/AKT axis.

Conclusion:

Knocking down USP7 decreased the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ovarian cancer cells and suppressed ovarian tumor growth in mice. Mechanistically, USP7 increased TRAF4 ubiquitination, promoting its degradation and leading to RSK4 upregulation.
Predicting chemosensitivity based on mini patient-derived xenografts in osteosarcoma patients: A retrospective study
Authors: Long Zuoyao , Lu Yajie , Li Minghui , Ji Chuanlei , Chen Guojing , Li Jing , Xiang Liangbi , Yu Hailong , Wang Qi , Wang Zhen
Published: October 2024

Context:

The survival of patients diagnosed with osteosarcoma has not improved in the past three decades because of chemoresistance.

Aim:

This study aimed to improve the prognosis of patients with osteosarcoma.

Settings and Design

From January 1, 2018, to June 30, 2019, a total of 14 patients with osteosarcoma were enrolled who underwent mini patient-derived xenograft (mini-PDX) assay in our hospital.

Methods and Materials:

We recruited 14 patients with osteosarcoma having acquirable lesions to establish PDX models and examine the sensitivity of nine drugs, including methotrexate (MTX), ifosfamide (IFO), epirubicin, and etoposide. Drug sensitivity was evaluated using the tumor relative proliferation rate (TRPR), and the patients’ responses were assessed according to the RECIST 1.1 guidelines.

Statistical Analysis Used:

The difference in TRPR was analyzed using a paired t-test, while progression-free survival (PFS) was analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method.

Results:

The mini-PDX results revealed that IFO had a lower tumor proliferation rate than MTX, indicating that IFO was more sensitive in patients with osteosarcoma (38.3% vs. 84.3%, P = 0.031). Thus, the regimen where IFO alternates with doxorubicin and cisplatin was recommended as adjuvant chemotherapy. MTX could replace IFO if the TRPR was better. Finally, 11 patients received adjuvant chemotherapy. A comparison of PFS revealed that sensitive patients with TRPR of <40% had a better prognosis (9.4 months vs. 3.7 months, P = 0.0324).

Conclusions:

Chemotherapy based on mini-PDX can improve the survival of patients with osteosarcoma whose TRPR was <40%, and that chemotherapy without MTX could be an alternative for osteosarcoma.
Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of Palatal Rugae Patterns in Bhopal Division: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Patel Narendra , Thukral Rishi , Chokotiya Heeralal , Gulati Ruchi , Patel Dharika , Dhakad Satendra Singh
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective:

The goal of this investigation is to assess the palatal rugae patterns in male and female participants from the Bhopal Division population.

Material and Methods:

A randomly selected cohort of 104 individuals, consisting of 47 males and 57 females, was included in the study. Both metric and non-metric characteristics of the palatal rugae were documented and analyzed using two-sample t-tests and chi-square tests, with a significance threshold set at 5%.

Results:

No significant difference was observed in the total number of rugae between genders. However, the mean number of primary rugae was significantly higher in males (P = 0.038). In contrast, females exhibited a higher mean number of vertical (P < 0.001) and fragmentary rugae (P = 0.004), with these differences achieving statistical significance.

Conclusion:

The rugae pattern demonstrates potential as a gender-differentiating characteristic, serving as a supplementary method to traditional techniques such as cranial anthropometry and dental analysis.
Peer learning and peer assessment in institutions of higher education
Authors: Chovriy Sofiya , Vorona Vita , Mahas Hennadii , Tkachuk Dmytro , Makhynia Nataliia , Kurchatova Anzhelika
Published: October 2024

The article examines the types of control and the most important principles of evaluating the knowledge of higher education students; the advantages of the modular rating system for the organization of training and training in "peer-to-peer" or peering training conditions are shown; the basis of peer learning is considered and various definitions of peer assessment are proposed. The basis of peering interaction is Web 3.0 technologies, the Internet, a large number of open educational resources (OER), and mass digitization of various materials. Peer 2 Peer University (P2PU) is an example of peering interaction and its successful functioning system. The system of peering interaction using ICT is revealed and the possibilities for peering assessment, which are provided in the applications of research learning spaces, are shown. The features of peer evaluation and consideration of these features when developing evaluation criteria are described. Based on the results of the ascertainment experiment and the conclusions regarding the renewal and improvement of the educational sector, in general, and the evaluation of higher education applicants, in particular, a model of digital tools and methods of introducing peer evaluation into the educational process of higher education institutions was introduced into the educational process of higher education institutions.
Linguistic-literary synergies in modern Ukrainian philology
Authors: Syvachuk Natalia , Yuhan Nataliia , Posmitna Viktoriia , Opryshko Natalia , Kobzei Nataliia
Published: October 2024

Modern research in the field of Ukrainian philology increasingly combines linguistics and literary studies, demonstrating an interdisciplinary approach to the study of language and literature. The study used a limited strategy of searching for relevant data in databases such as Google Scholar, Frontiersin, ResearchGate, Scopus, using the keywords “Interdisciplinarity, Linguistics, Literature Studies”. The search was focused on articles published between 2019 and 2024, written in English and containing these open access keywords, which were compared to conference articles. The results indicate the relevance of this approach in the context of the growing specialisation of research, as it allows for the consideration of objects of study from different perspectives and the use of methods and approaches from different scientific disciplines. The interdisciplinary approach in Ukrainian philology allows us to gain a deeper understanding of the phenomena of language and literature, to study their interaction and mutual influence. Professional specialists in the field of linguistics and literary studies have the opportunity to jointly solve complex problems using a variety of methods and approaches. Thus, it can be concluded that the interdisciplinary approach to the study of Ukrainian philology opens up new opportunities for the development of scientific research, promoting the exchange of knowledge and deepening the understanding of language and literature in the context of modern scientific requirements.
Praxis educativa a distancia en el contexto universitario para el aprendizaje permanente en Latinoamérica
Authors: Requena Negrón Ifigenia Alejandra Emperatriz , Pérez Márquez Juan Alexander
Published: October 2024

Es una preocupación que envuelve la investigación social en Latinoamérica la necesidad de comprender el alcance que puede tener la educación permanente, conocida también como Aprendizaje a lo largo de la vida, porque sigue siendo una meta primordial para el desarrollo de ciudadanos capaces de potenciar sus habilidades y responder ante los retos que plantea una sociedad disruptiva que demanda la adaptación inmediata a los cambios suscitados. Los autores del presente artículo se han propuesto como objetivo Caracterizar la praxis de la educación a distancia para el aprendizaje a lo largo de la vida en Latinoamérica. De esta manera, se realizó una investigación de tipo documental con un nivel descriptivo, enmarcado dentro de una visión hermenéutica para comprender la realidad objeto de estudio relacionada con la formación permanente en adultos. Los investigadores pudieron encontrar que actualmente la realidad de la educación permanente latinoamericana enfrenta una serie de desafíos, los cuales derivan de diferentes perspectivas que ameritan ser consideradas para garantizar el proceso educativo. Asimismo, las experiencias de éxito en el aprendizaje permanente deben servir de inspiración para impulsar la educación que responda a las necesidades de la población adulta y la sociedad en general.
La actitud de los docentes ante la implementación de la TIC en el proceso de enseñanza
Authors: Rangel Rubén Darío
Published: October 2024

La educación es la formación integral del ser humano con base en valores humanistas y, el papel de la universidad reside en la construcción profesional para servir a la sociedad con miras a construir un futuro sostenible, integrador y orientado al desarrollo de cada nación. Desde este marco experiencial, la investigación tuvo como objetivo el análisis de la actitud de los docentes ante la implementación de las TIC en el proceso de enseñanza. La investigación se fundamentó en el paradigma cualitativo de acuerdo con el método interpretativo, el análisis de contenido permitió recabar la información desde la entrevista no estructurada tras el uso de la plataforma MOODLE. Como resultado la actitud de los docentes arroja un significativo valor a la planificación adaptado a las necesidades específicas del estudiantado cuyo beneficio impacta en la experiencia de aprendizaje tras el uso de la tecnología.
Proceso educativo y emocional vivido por los adolescentes ante el fenómeno migratorio de los padres
Authors: Medina Nelly , Rodríguez Marisol , Rodríguez Yolanda , Virgen Kennys
Published: October 2024

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo comprender el proceso educativo y emocional vivido por los adolescentes ante la migración de sus padres. Centrada en el paradigma cualitativo, con análisis de contenido para explicar y sistematizar la información obtenida. El estudio reveló la capacidad de resiliencia de los individuos para superar las malas condiciones de educabilidad que enfrentan en un contexto familiar de abandono, tristeza y soledad, arrojando luz sobre el tipo de acciones que los educadores podrían llevar a cabo para intervenir en situaciones desfavorables, y quizá para identificar acciones correctivas que, desde la política social y educativa, se podrían impulsar para mejorar las condiciones de los estudiantes que viven en condiciones de desequilibrio emocional producto de la migración de sus padres.
The role of web applications in the development of multilingual competence in CLIL courses in higher education
Authors: Polyezhayev Yuriy , Terletska Liubov , Kulichenko Alla , Vorobiova Lolita , Snizhko Nataliia
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the work is to determine the role of web technologies to ensure the formation of multilingual competence within the CLIL approach. For this purpose, a survey was conducted among students of various specialties, however, with a special emphasis on students of technical universities. The survey was conducted among 58 students. Questionnaires were used, including questions about the use of web applications in various forms of education. The results of the survey showed the high efficiency of using web applications in CLIL courses for the formation of both language competence and subject knowledge. The CLIL method combined with modern web applications proved to be an effective tool in the students' learning process. The implementation of the program of this approach allows not only the problem of educational overload, but also the strengthening of the general development of students, including their language skills. In the conclusions, it is noted that for the successful implementation of the CLIL program, it is necessary to provide students with essential terms and to acquire a foreign language and the availability of trained teaching staff.