bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of a high-throughput qPCR platform for the detection of soil-transmitted helminth infections
Authors: Pilotte Nils , Omballa Victor , Voss Monica , Padgett Leah , Manuel Malathi , Goodman Jeanne L. , Littlewood Tim , Manoharan Zayina Zondervenni , Lieshout Lisette van , Verweij Jaco J. , Sekar Manigandan , Muthukumar Ajith Kumar , Walch Gretchen , Warren Abriana , Sheikh Mariyam , Gonzalez Andrew , Galagan Sean R. , Ajjampur Sitara Swarna Rao , Ibikounlé Moudachirou , Williams Steven A. , Rains Doug , Dadwal Ushashi , Walson Judd L.
Published: January 2025

Background

Historically, soil-transmitted helminth (STH) control and prevention strategies have relied on mass drug administration efforts targeting preschool and school-aged children. While these efforts have succeeded in reducing morbidity associated with STH infection, recent modeling efforts have suggested that expanding intervention to treatment of the entire community could achieve transmission interruption in some settings. Testing the feasibility of such an approach requires large-scale clinical trials, such as the DeWorm3 cluster randomized trial. In addition, accurate interpretation of trial outcomes requires diagnostic platforms capable of accurately determining infection prevalence (particularly as infection intensity is reduced) at large population scale and with significant throughput. Here, we describe the development and validation of such a high-throughput molecular testing platform.

Methodology/principal findings

Through the development, selection, and validation of appropriate controls, we have successfully created and evaluated the performance of a testing platform capable of the semi-automated, high-throughput detection of four species of STH in human stool samples. Comparison of this platform with singleplex reference assays for the detection of these same pathogens has demonstrated comparable performance metrics, with index assay accuracy measuring at or above 99.5% and 98.1% for each target species at the level of the technical replicate and individual extraction respectively. Through the implementation of a rigorous validation program, we have developed a diagnostic platform capable of providing the necessary throughput and performance required to meet the needs of the DeWorm3 cluster randomized trial and other large-scale operational research efforts for STH.

Conclusions/significance

Resulting from the rigorous developmental approach taken, the platform we describe here provides the needed confidence in testing outcomes when utilized in conjunction with large-scale efforts such as the DeWorm3 trial. Additionally, the successful development of an evaluation and validation strategy provides a template for the creation of similar diagnostic platforms for other neglected tropical diseases.
Geochemical exploration of rare earth element resources in highland karstic bauxite deposits in the Sierra de Bahoruco, Pedernales Province, Southwestern Dominican Republic
Authors: Chappell Mark , Rojas Harold , Andros Charles , Acree Autumn , Masue-Slowey Yoko , Young Christine , Fowler Paige , Lotufo Elizabeth , Rowland Wesley , Wynter Michelle , Salles Marcelo , Gonzalez Leopoldo
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the geochemical characteristics of rare earth elements (REEs) in highland karstic bauxite deposits located in the Sierra de Bahoruco, Pedernales Province, Dominican Republic. These deposits, formed through intense weathering of volcanic material, represent a potentially valuable REE resource for the nation. Surface and subsurface soil samples were analyzed using portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) and a NixPro 2 color sensor validated with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). We employed compositional data analysis (CoDA) and machine learning models to estimate total REE concentrations, demonstrating that pXRF and the color sensor, when properly calibrated, are effective tools for remote geochemical exploration. The results reveal that REE concentrations increase with depth and elevation, with light REEs (LREEs) dominating the profiles. The correlation of REE concentrations with morphological soil development suggests that higher-altitude areas are enriched in REEs due to progressive weathering processes. The study also shows a strong relationship between REE concentrations and environmental factors such as latitude and elevation. While pXRF provided reliable estimates of total REE concentrations, to our surprise, the NixPro2 color sensor proved similarly accurate. The research emphasizes the practical value of the x-ray and color sensors for remote exploration, provided that a well-explored, robust calibration is performed to account for site-specific variability. These findings contribute to understanding the geochemical distribution of REEs in karstic bauxite deposits and highlight the potential for further exploration in remote, high-altitude regions. Future research should explore using these and other portable sensors, singly or combined, to predict REE speciation, for expediting information related to the environmentally sustainable extractability and potential economic feasibility of resources in expeditionary locations.
Enterprise internal audit data encryption based on blockchain technology
Authors: Gao Lixia
Published: January 2025

Internal auditing demands innovative and secure solutions in today’s business environment, with increasing competitive pressure and frequent occurrences of risky and illegal behaviours. Blockchain along with secure databases like encryption improves internal audit security through immutability and transparency. Hence integrating blockchain with homomorphic encryption and multi-factor authentication improves privacy and mitigates computational overhead. Recently, blockchain applications for internal audits in the enterprise sector are still emerging. Thus, blockchain technology in auditing provides the benefits of enhanced transparency and immutability in data processing, which can establish new solutions for internal auditing but still lacks encryption techniques. The research proposed a framework called “BlockCryptoAudit” to enhance internal audit processes through cryptographic encryption methods and blockchain technology, ensuring secure and transparent audit operations. The proposed approach integrates an additive homomorphic Paillier encryption scheme with blockchain to create a safe and tamper-resident audit trail. Utilizing homomorphic Paillier encryption, BlockCryptoAudit ensures that computations may be performed on encrypted audit data while safeguarding data privacy. The applied blockchain hyperledger component guarantees the immutability and transparency of encrypted audit records, resulting in a decentralized and tamper-resistant record. By limiting data accessibility to authorized individuals based on specified responsibilities, role-based access restrictions handled using smart contracts further strengthen security. The study protects audit data’s security and confidentiality by encrypting it and putting it on a blockchain. The study compares the proposed BlockCryptoAudit with models like B-OAP, BSE-DF, and EG-FLB regarding risk mitigation, audit quality, security overhead, and audit trail effectiveness. With little security overhead, BlockCryptoAudit beats out B-OAP, BSE-DF, and EG-FLB in terms of risk mitigation (98%) and audit quality (99%). It is an effective way to improve internal audit processes and guarantee data integrity due to its high performance.
Height development and multiple bone health indicators in children aged 2–12 years with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD)
Authors: Wang Bingying , Zhou Linyuhan , Li Shuangru , Xu Huayan , Guo Yingkun , Hu Qin , Huang Min , Zhou Dan , Cai Xiaotang , Wang Qiu , Sun Xiaomei
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Short stature is a frequent complication of DMD, and its pathomechanisms and influencing factors are specific to this disease and the idiosyncratic treatment for DMD.

Purpose

To establish the height growth curve of early DMD, and evaluate the potential influencing markers on height growth, provide further evidence for pathological mechanism, height growth management and bone health in DMD.

Methods

A retrospective, cross-sectional study of 348 participants with DMD aged 2–12 years was conducted at West China Second Hospital of Sichuan University from January 2023 to October 2023.

Results

The growth curve for 2–12 years old boys with DMD indicates a slower growth rate compared to the average population. At age two, children with DMD have a similar height to their peers, but gradually falls behind afterwards. Short stature was observed in children with DMD before and after GC exposure, and prolonged GC use exacerbated the retardation. BMI (β = -0.47, p = 0.007), BMD (β = -0.005, p = 0.014), β-CTX (β = 0.001, p = 0.002), delayed BA (β = 0.417, p < .001), GC duration (β = -0.006, p = 0.047) were independent influencing factors of height. Relevant bone health markers showed different sequential changing patterns.

Conclusion

The high proportion and progression of short stature are associated with the broad bone health status. Different bone indicators have different sensitivities and specificities and need to be considered together for clinical monitoring of bone health. This study provides evidence for the early monitoring of height development and relevant factors as part of bone health management in DMD, to minimize the occurrence of bone-related complications later in life.
A national survey of career development according to gender and subspecialties among cardiologists in Japan
Authors: Shimbo Mai , Nakayama Atsuko , Fukue Noriko , Nishizaki Fumie , Matsumoto Chisa , Noma Satsuki , Ohno-Urabe Satoko , Kamiya Chizuko A. , Kanki Sachiko , Ide Tomomi , Izawa Hideo , Taniguchi Tatsunori , Kobayashi Yoshio
Published: January 2025

Background

Training opportunities, work satisfaction, and the factors that influence them according to gender and subspecialties are understudied among Japanese cardiologists.

Methods

We investigated the career development of Japanese cardiologists with an e-mail questionnaire. Feelings of inequality in training opportunities, work dissatisfaction, and reasons were assessed by examining the cardiologists’ gender and invasiveness of subspecialties.

Results

Responses were received from 2,566 cardiologists. Female cardiologists were underrepresented in invasive subspecialties compared to males (14.2% vs. 85.8%, p<0.0001). In both invasive and non-invasive subspecialties, female cardiologists felt more inequality in training opportunities than males (invasive: 50.0% vs. 36.2%, non-invasive: 41.6% vs. 30.9%, p<0.001, respectively) and were less satisfied with their work (invasive: 26.0% vs. 18.3%, non-invasive: 24.7% vs. 14.7%, p = 0.001, respectively). Although female cardiologists in invasive subspecialties did not feel significantly more inequal and dissatisfied than those in non-invasive subspecialties (p = 0.063 and p = 0.758, respectively), male cardiologists in invasive subspecialties felt more inequal and dissatisfied than those in non-invasive subspecialties (p = 0.015 and p = 0.040, respectively). Female cardiologists were more influenced by gender bias and family issues for inequality in training opportunities (p = 0.0001, respectively), whereas male cardiologists were likely to be affected by specifications of belonging hospitals. Both genders felt dissatisfied when their expectations were unmet and they were overworked.

Conclusions

Female cardiologists felt more inequality regarding training opportunities and dissatisfaction with career development than male cardiologists in both the invasive and non-invasive subspecialties. Diversity support is warranted for achieving satisfying career course regardless of gender and subspecialty.
The efficacy of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei MSMC39-1 and Bifidobacterium animalis TA-1 probiotics in modulating gut microbiota and reducing the risk of the characteristics of metabolic syndrome: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study
Authors: Luangphiphat Wongsakorn , Prombutara Pinidphon , Jamjuree Praewpannarai , Chantarangkul Chantanapa , Vitheejongjaroen Porntipha , Muennarong Chantaluck , Fukfon Krittapat , Onwan Manasvin , Taweechotipatr Malai
Published: January 2025

Modern treatment, a healthy diet, and physical activity routines lower the risk factors for metabolic syndrome; however, this condition is associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality worldwide. This investigation involved a randomized controlled trial, double-blind, parallel study. Fifty-eight participants with risk factors of metabolic syndrome according to the inclusion criteria were randomized into two groups and given probiotics (Lacticaseibacillus paracasei MSMC39-1 and Bifidobacterium animalis TA-1) (n = 31) or a placebo (n = 27). The participants had a mean age of 42.29 ± 7.39 and 43.89 ± 7.54 years in the probiotics and placebo groups, respectively. Stool samples, anthropometric data, and blood chemistries were taken at baseline and at 12 weeks. The primary outcome was achieved by the probiotics group as their low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol level dramatically lowered compared to the placebo group (the difference was 39.97 ± 26.83 mg/dl, p-value <0.001). Moreover, significant reductions in body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, and total cholesterol were observed in the volunteers treated with probiotics compared to the placebo. In the gut microbiome analysis, the results showed statistically significant differences in the beta diversity in the post-intervention probiotics group. Blautia, Roseburia, Collinsella, and Ruminococcus were among the gut microbiomes that were more prevalent in the post-intervention probiotics group. In addition, this group exhibited increases in the predicted functional changes in ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, as well as ribonucleic acid transport, the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, glycerophospholipid metabolism, and pyruvate metabolism. In conclusion, this research demonstrated that the probiotics L. paracasei MSMC39-1 and B. animalis TA-1 have the efficacy to lower risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome.
FRESH extrusion 3D printing of type-1 collagen hydrogels photocrosslinked using ruthenium
Authors: Steiner Richard C. , Buchen Jack T. , Phillips Evan R. , Fellin Christopher R. , Yuan Xiaoning , Jariwala Shailly H.
Published: January 2025

The extrusion bioprinting of collagen material has many applications relevant to tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Freeform Reversible Embedding of Suspended Hydrogels (FRESH) technology is capable of 3D printing collagen material with the specifications and details needed for precise tissue guidance, a crucial requirement for effective tissue repair. While FRESH has shown repeated success and reliability for extrusion printing, the mechanical properties of completed collagen prints can be improved further by post-print crosslinking methodologies. Photoinitiator-based crosslinking methods are simple and have proven effective in strengthening protein-based materials. The ruthenium and sodium persulfate photoinitiator system (Ru(bpy)3/SPS) has been suggested as an effective crosslinking method for collagen materials. Herein, we describe the procedure our group has developed to combine extrusion-based 3D printing of type-1 collagen using FRESH technology with Ru(bpy)3/SPS photoinitiated crosslinking methods to improve the strength and stability of 3D printed collagen structures. Mechanical testing and cell biocompatibility assessments were performed to investigate the impact of Ru(bpy)3/SPS photoinitiated crosslinking and highlight the potential limitations of this method. These results demonstrate a significant improvement in the compressive strength of type-1 collagen samples as the Ru(bpy)3/SPS concentration increases. Additionally, type-1 collagen samples crosslinked with up to 1/10 mM Ru(bpy)3/SPS support PC12 cell viability over a period of 7 days. The primary limitations that were observed and described in detail in this protocol are: the FRESH slurry preparation, printing environment, extrusion printer hardware, and quality of the ruthenium reagent.
SLC35A2 gene product modulates paramyxovirus fusion events during infection
Authors: Yang Yanling , Wang Yuchen , Campbell Danielle E. , Lee Heng-Wei , Beatty Wandy , Wang Leran , Baldridge Megan , López Carolina B.
Published: January 2025

Paramyxoviruses are significant human and animal pathogens that include mumps virus (MuV), Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and the murine parainfluenza virus Sendai (SeV). Despite their importance, few host factors implicated in paramyxovirus infection are known. Using a recombinant SeV expressing destabilized eGFP (rSeVCdseGFP) in a loss-of-function CRISPR screen, we identified the CMP-sialic acid transporter (CST) gene SLC35A1 and the UDP-galactose transporter (UGT) gene SLC35A2 as essential for paramyxovirus infection. As expected, SLC35A1 knockout (KO) cells showed drastic reduction in infections with SeV, NDV and MuV due to the lack of cell surface sialic acids receptors. However, SLC35A2 KO cells revealed unknown critical roles for this factor in virus-cell and cell-to-cell fusion events for the different paramyxoviruses. While UGT was essential for virus-cell fusion during SeV entry to the cell, it was not required for NDV or MuV entry. Importantly, UGT promoted the formation of syncytia during MuV infection, suggesting a role in cell-to-cell virus spread. Our findings demonstrate that paramyxoviruses can bind to or enter A549 cells in the absence of canonical galactose-bound sialic-acid decorations and show that UGT facilitates paramyxovirus fusion processes involved in entry and spread.
Creative tourism and residents: interactions in the context of artistic residencies in the Center region of Portugal
Authors: Almeida Inês , Cardoso Ferreira Carlos , Silveira Luís
Published: January 2025

In approximately twenty years of research on creative tourism, the relevance of including residents in the creative tourism experience has been mentioned but not investigated in depth. This paper seeks to identify forms of resident integration in creative tourism contexts through a semi-systematic literature review and to determine how this inclusion is explored in local accommodation units with artist residencies in the Central region of Portugal. Following a qualitative case-study-based approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with representatives of three accommodation units. The findings suggest four main formats of resident participation: (i) as experience providers, (ii) as consumers, and (iii) as responsible/consulted parties during the planning and development process(es) of the creative destination or product; and (iv) a more hybrid format in accommodation units with artist residencies, in which the resident is simultaneously a supplier and a consumer of the experience. The empirical results also suggest that this fourth integration format takes place mainly through specific programs for the local community and activities not limited to tourists. In the three cases, the dynamics with residents appear to generate several benefits in terms of economic growth, infrastructure and service development and, primarily, social sustainability. Also, the experience of tourists and artists in the residency is enhanced by contact with the local community. The findings of the study indicate that entities with attributes comparable to those under examination should utilize initiatives and partnerships promoted by their respective municipalities to reinforce collaboration between artist residencies and local communities.
The Formulas for Calculating Surface Gravity and Rotational period of celestial Body and Black Hole in the A

xial Spherical-Space
Authors: Zhai XiaoZhong
Published: January 2025

This paper reports aformulafor calculating the average gravity on the surface ofrotationalobjectderived from Hoffman-Wellenhof'sdefinitionand modern physics.This formula shows that there is a constant physical and mathematical relationship among the (average) surface gravity, (average) rotational period, total mass and (average) radius for a celestial body that rotates around its axis. Subsequently, two additional formulas emerge: one for determining the average rotational period of celestial bodies such as planets in the Solar system, stars and neutron stars in the Milky Way system; and another for calculating the rotational period of a black hole. These three formulas are characterized by their simplicity, precision and reliability. Furthermore, the theory of motion principle of celestial body in the axial spherical-space is a complement for universal gravitation and relativityto explain the nature of spin, magnetic field and light.
Situational Syncope Triggered by Swallowing
Authors: Ellington Abigail Layton , Tarry Samuel Thierjung , Ellis Matthew Nigel Hugh , Clayton Steven B.
Published: January 2025

Syncope is characterized by a transient loss of consciousness. Swallow syncope, a rare cause of syncope, is caused by vagus nerve activation resulting in vasodilation and bradycardia, thus causing transient hypotension and cerebral hypoperfusion. It is diagnosed through clinical history, cardiac, and esophageal evaluation. We present a case of swallow syncope in a patient with significant cardiac history. Initial cardiac and esophageal testing was normal. Long-term telemetry revealed bradycardia with swallowing, and the patient underwent pacemaker placement. Swallow syncope is associated with a variety of esophageal and cardiac conditions. Management involves addressing the underlying cause; pacemaker placement is sometimes necessary.

KEYWORDS: syncope; swallow syncope; reflex syncope; pacemaker
Peran Religiusitas Sebagai Variabel Moderasi Dalam Mendorong Intensi Berwirausaha Pada Mahasiswi Muslim Melalui Pendekatan Theory Planned Behavior
Authors: Maimunah Arikatul
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran religiusitas sebagai variabel moderasi dalam mendorong intensi berwirausaha pada mahasiswi Muslim di Universitas Islam Sultan Agung Semarang. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), yang mencakup variabel sikap, norma subyektif, dan persepsi kontrol perilaku sebagai prediktor utama niat berwirausaha. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan data yang diperoleh dari kuesioner yang disebarkan kepada 100 mahasiswi Muslim. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa religiusitas berperan signifikan dalam memoderasi pengaruh sikap, norma subyektif, dan kontrol perilaku terhadap niat berwirausaha. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa religiusitas dapat memperkuat niat berwirausaha di kalangan mahasiswi Muslim, yang berimplikasi pada pentingnya nilai-nilai agama dalam pendidikan kewirausahaan.
Analisis Beban Kerja Terhadap Keinginan Keluar Kerja Karyawan Melalui Stres Kerja Sebagai Variabel Intervening
Authors: Darmastuti Ismi
Published: January 2025

This study aims to understand and analyze the effect of workload variables on employees' desire to leave work with work stress as an intervening variable, the study was conducted on employees of PT Fateh Property, Demak Regency. Central Java. The number of employees sampled was all employees with a total of 45 people. The data for this study were obtained through a data collection method using a questionnaire technique that uses a Likert scale. The indicators used in this study are workload indicators, work stress, and employee exit intentions. The hypotheses proposed by this study amounted to 3 hypotheses, where the research hypothesis will be proven by testing quantitative methods using the Sturctural Equation Modeling (SEM) method run through the SmartPLS application. Based on SEM testing, it shows an insignificant positive relationship from workload to turnover intention, a positive and significant relationship from workload to job stress, and a positive and significant relationship from job stress to turnover intention. Then the results obtained from the indirect relationship state that work stress successfully mediates the relationship between workload and turnover intention, so that there is a change in influence from insignificant positive to significant positive. Based on these results, it is known that work stress successfully mediates the effect of workload on turno intention with the perfect mediation category.
„Až sem přijde Adenauer, tak vy budete viset jako první!“, aneb ke specifikům trestného činu výtržnictví v socialistickém Československu
Authors: Dobeš Milan
Published: January 2025

In this article, attention is paid to the examination of the criminal law provisions that regulated the punishment of riotous acts in socialist Czechoslovakia, with an emphasis on the application of the criminal offence of rioting by the District Court for Prague 1. In addition to the common cases of rioting, cases with political overtones and the possibility of abusing the crime of rioting against people who were inconvenient to the regime (dissidents) are also included. The first chapters generally address the legal regulation of riotous offences since the fifties. The fifties are also supplemented with contemporary cases. The article’s core consists of subsequent chapters focusing on the regulation of rioting according to § 202, codified in the Criminal Code of 1961. For a better understanding of the legal regulation at that time, there are cases from the then-practice, which were handled by the District Court for Prague 1. The following part pays attention to riotous acts that accompanied the opposition to the regime at that time, and the last subchapter points out the misuse of the crime of rioting and the distortion of its factual essence by the then-state against its opponents.
Soudružské soudy jako nástroj socialistické demokracie ve vybraných státech východního bloku
Authors: Zapletalová Petra
Published: January 2025

This paper focuses on a significant phenomenon that existed mainly in the late 1950s and 1960s – the comrades’ courts. In the introduction, this social organisation is mentioned in Czechoslovakia, but then the paper provides brief information on the similar institutions in USSR, Hungary, Poland and Romania. The work is divided into thematic parts based on countries, where the legislative development and the organisation of comrades’ courts are included, but also this paper contains information on procedures and sanctions. Finally, an attempt is made to evaluate and compare these institutions.
LENDEROVÁ, M. (ed.) Zvířata a jejich lidé
Authors: Skřejpková Petra
Published: January 2025

Book review on LENDEROVÁ, M. (ed.) Zvířata a jejich lidé. Praha: Karolinum, 2023, 536 s.
The results of many years of complex use of cycle- and power-ergometry in determining the physical capacity of young athletes
Authors: Khoroshukha M. F. , Bosenko A. I. , Mykhaliuk Ye. L. , Filippov M. M.
Published: January 2025

Aim of the work: to assess the results of a complex use of cycle- and power-ergometry in determining the aerobic and anaerobic-aerobic performance in young athletes for the selection of criteria in predicting athletes’ sports abilities and performance results at competitions in certain sports.
Materials and methods. Young athletes aged 15–16 (n = 636) took part in the study in which they represented two groups of athletes according to a training process direction: group A (n = 260) – speed-power sports (boxing, freestyle wrestling); group B (n = 376) – endurance sports (athletics, skiing, cycling, swimming). According to the results of their performance at competitions, all athletes were additionally divided into two groups: 1) a group of people who won prize places at competitions in their chosen sports – winners, 2) a group of their peers who unsuccessfully performed at competitions – outsiders. Physical working capacity was determined using two methods: cycle ergometric test PWC170 and power-ergometric test PWC170. Submaximal ergometric test PWC170 (Physical Working Capacity, PWC) is a method based on the determination of physical working capacity (load capacity) upon reaching a heart rate of 170 beats·min-1.
Results. The fact of possible prediction of sports results at competitions of adolescents in sports chosen by them, depending on the nature of changes in indicators of aerobic and anaerobic-aerobic performance PWC170, was established. Examples of the performance of young athletes at competitions are given. Statistically significant differences were found in the indicators of aerobic (cycle-ergometry) and anaerobic-aerobic performance (power-ergometry) of athletes-winners and outsiders.
Conclusions. A complex use of cycle- and power-ergometry allows to determine the level of contribution of each type of energy potential separately – aerobic (aerobic performance PWC170) and anaerobic-aerobic (anaerobic-aerobic performance PWC170) to the general physical working capacity (PWC). In our opinion, the level of aerobic and anaerobic-aerobic performance PWC170 (according to PWC index proposed by us) may be one of the criteria in predicting athletes’ sports abilities and performance results at competitions in certain sports.
Analysis of the body composition of rats with experimental diabetes mellitus type 1 and its correction
Authors: Kolesnyk Yu. M. , Isachenko M. I.
Published: January 2025

The aim was to determine the body composition of rats with experimental type 1 diabetes mellitus and its correction with amino acids using bioimpedance analysis.
Material and methods. Diabetes mellitus was modeled by the injection of streptozotocin. On the 6th week the rats were divided into 3 subgroups: DM1-1 – without correction, DM1-2 – correction with L-arginine and DM1-3 – correction with N-acetyl-L-cysteine for 2 weeks. Body composition was determined by the Vet BIS1 impedance analyzer with a study of total water volume in the body, extracellular and intracellular fluid, fat and fat-free body mass.
Results. Weight of rats in DM1 group at the 6th week was 40 % less than in control, with a 63 % reduction in fat and 22 % decrease of fat-free body mass. The development of hyperglycemia in week 6 caused general dehydration, with a decrease in absolute values of both fluid volumes. On the 7th and 8th weeks, body weight, fat and fat-free body mass in the subgroups DM1-1, DM1-2, and DM1-3 did not differ statistically. Both amino acids caused a decrease in glucose concentration, but this did not affect existing total dehydration with a decrease of both fluid volumes.
Conclusions. The development of streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus in rats in 6 weeks resulted in a statistically significant loss of body weight, mostly due to fat mass decrease with a violation of its ratio to fat-free mass. Persistent hyperglycemia already in the 6th week of experimental diabetes mellitus causes general dehydration due to loss of extracellular and intracellular water, with a predominance of intracellular dehydration. Two-week correction of diabetes with L-arginine and N-acetyl-L-cysteine at 8th week significantly reduces glucose concentration in subgroups, but does not affect the progressive reduction of body weight, fat and free-fat mass, and fluid volumes.
Clinical effectiveness of complex differentiated rehabilitation of patients with vertebral thoracic pain due to degenerative-dystrophic pathology of the thoracic spine
Authors: Alypova O. Ye. , Maramukha Ye. I.
Published: January 2025

The aim of the study. To determine the effectiveness of complex differentiated rehabilitation in patients with degenerative-dystrophic pathology of the thoracic spine (DDPS) and thoracic back pain syndrome depending on the indicators of vertebrodynamics.
Materials and methods. Rehabilitation measures were carried out in 124 patients with DDPS complicated by thoracalgia syndrome at the post-acute stage of rehabilitation. The age of the patients was from 18 to 54 years. There were 51 (41.2 %) women, 73 (58.8 %) men. The duration of the disease was from 2 to 23 years. A rehabilitation examination was carried out with an assessment of vertebrodynamic disorders indicators according to the A. Stoddard method. All patients had functional block of the 2nd degree in the vertebral-motor segments of the thoracic spine. Patients were divided into 2 groups, comparable in age and disease severity. The first group (n = 56) received a basic complex of rehabilitation: massage, personalized sets of therapeutic exercises, physical methods of treatment (magnetotherapy, ultrasound therapy) against the background of drug treatment (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, muscle relaxants, analgesics). Patients of the second group (n = 68) were prescribed, in addition, sessions of post-isometric and post-reciprocal muscle relaxation, mobilization techniques according to K. Lewit, R. Maigne, V. Gubenko, as well as the original methods of kinesiotherapy developed by us depending on the indicators of vertebrodynamics. The outpatient rehabilitation cycle lasted 14 days.
Results. The developed comprehensive scheme of of patients examination based on neurological, manual, instrumental studies, assessment of pain syndrome, insomnia and affective disorders allows early diagnosis of the disease, as well as dynamic monitoring during treatment. The developed and tested complex kinesiotherapeutic treatment method with the use of manual therapy leads to a faster regression of neurological symptoms, restoration of the lost range of motion in the thoracic spine, reduction of pain and the risk of DDPS exacerbation, shortening the time of treatment and rehabilitation of patients, and improving their quality of life.
Conclusions. The comprehensive differentiated rehabilitation with the use of manual therapy developed and researched in the work has confirmed its effectiveness, which allows recommending its use in clinical and rehabilitation practice, and provides significant economic effect in the treatment of this contingent of patients.
Sex differences in exercise‐induced arterial hypoxemia and pulmonary edema following high‐intensity exercise in highly trained endurance athletes
Authors: Hind Alanna S. , Mitchell Reid A. , Ferguson Olivia N. , Flynn Morgan , Dhillon Satvir S. , Badra Karine , Milne Kathryn M. , Iannetta Danilo , Koehle Michael S. , Guenette Jordan A.
Published: January 2025

This study investigated sex differences in the development of pulmonary edema and exercise‐induced arterial hypoxemia (EIAH) in well‐trained endurance athletes during near‐maximal exercise in a real‐world setting. Twenty participants (10M vs. 10F; V̇O2peak: 69.3 (8.8) vs. 50.7 (4.1) ml∙kg−1∙min−1) underwent a maximal incremental treadmill test (visit 1) and a time trial on a steep trail (~2.5 km, ~800 m elevation gain) in North Vancouver (visit 2). Pulmonary edema was evaluated using handheld lung ultrasound ~10–15 min post‐exercise and oxygen saturation (SpO2) was monitored using finger pulse oximetry. Males completed the time trial significantly faster than females (M: 31.5 (6.5) vs. F: 40.4 (7.5) min, p = 0.006), while females sustained a higher percentage of their visit 1 heart rate (M: 94 (1) vs. F: 96 (1) %max, p = 0.02). All participants developed EIAH, with no sex differences in end‐exercise SpO2 (M: 89 (4) % vs. F: 90 (3) %, respectively, p = 0.35). There was no evidence of pulmonary edema, assessed through ultrasound b‐line scores, with no differences between sexes (M: 0.3 (1.0) vs. F: 0.5 (1.5), respectively, p = 0.60). Pulmonary edema is an unlikely contributor to EIAH in endurance athletes performing near‐maximal time trial exercise in a real‐world setting.
The crystal structure of N-(3-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-N′-hydroxy-4-{[2-(4-methylphenyl)ethyl]amino}-1,2,5-oxadiazole-3-carboximidamide, C18H17BrFN5O2
Authors: Zuo Limin , Zhou Xia , Liu Yitong , Gu Yongsheng , Jiang Yifei , Lian Xiaofang , Liu Huiyi , Jia Qingying , Shan Guangzhi
Published: January 2025

C18H17BrFN5O2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 19.3571(8) Å, b = 13.4295(12) Å, c = 7.3036(5) Å, β = 93.372(5)°, V = 1895.3(2) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0407, wRref
(F
2) = 0.0939, T = 293(2) K.
Synthesis and crystal structure of ethyl (2S,4aS,6aS,6bR,8aR,12aS,12bR,14bR,E)-10-(((3,4-dichlorobenzyl)oxy)imino)-2,4a,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-13-oxo-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,6b,7,8,8a,9,10,11,12,12a,12b,13,14b-icosahydropicene-2-carboxylate
Authors: Dong Zhang-Chao , Shen Hui , Mu Ze-Bo , Xu Kai-Hua
Published: January 2025

C39H53Cl2NO4, monoclinic, P21 (no. 4), a = 7.55730(10) Å, b = 11.0989(2) Å, c = 20.9222(3) Å, β = 91.426(1)°, V = 1754.36(5) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0360, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1028, T = 169.98(10) K.
Impact of permeability and fluid parameters in couple stress media on rotating eccentric spheres
Authors: Al-Hanaya Amal , El-Sapa Shreen
Published: January 2025

This study elucidates the axisymmetric rotation of two eccentric spheres immersed in an incompressible couple stress fluid within a porous annular region. The investigation incorporates boundary conditions applied to the surfaces of both spheres, which rotate axially at differing angular velocities. Utilizing a collocation scheme alongside a semi-analytical approach under the assumption of low Reynolds numbers, this research delves into the hydrodynamic couple force (torque) exerted by the Brinkman couple stress fluid on the interior sphere. The analysis reveals that the dimensionless torque becomes increasingly significant as permeability enhances the size ratio, couple stress fluid parameters, and separation distance. The computed torque values due to stress and couple stress are presented graphically, providing visual clarity to the findings. Additionally, all the results align closely with the numerical analysis of two eccentric rigid spheres in conventional couple stress fluids, devoid of permeability effects or slip conditions, as demonstrated in previous studies (Al-Hanaya and El-Sapa (Effects of slippage and permeability of couple stress fluid squeezed between two concentric rotating spheres. Phys Fluids. 2023;35:103112); Al-Hanaya et al. (Axisymmetric motion of an incompressible couple stress fluid between two eccentric rotating spheres. J Appl Mech Tech Phys. 2022;63(5):1–9)).
Efeitos da auriculoterapia nos níveis pressóricos de adultos e idosos hipertensos
Authors: Santos Victor Hugo Martins , Weis-Maia Margani Cadore , Cenzi Camila Maria , Lima Jaqueline Costa , Santos Camila de Souza dos , Bittencourt Marina Nolli
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: avaliar o efeito da auriculoterapia nos parâmetros de pressão arterial e de bem-estar de adultos e idosos hipertensos. Métodos: estudo quase-experimental, do tipo antes e depois de um grupo, com aplicação de um atendimento de auriculoterapia. A amostra inicial foi de 41 pessoas e a final de 29. A pressão arterial foi aferida antes da intervenção, imediatamente após e cinco dias depois. Aplicou-se o teste de análise de variância para comparar as médias da pressão arterial nos três momentos. Para verificação do bem-estar, utilizou-se o questionário World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index. Resultados: houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os níveis pressóricos sistólicos antes e após a intervenção (p=0,001), com médias de 133,17mmHg pré-intervenção, 127,07mmHg imediatamente após o atendimento e 127,58 mmHg após cinco dias. O escore de bem-estar melhorou significativamente entre a pré-intervenção e o quinto dia (p=0,023). Conclusão: a auriculoterapia surtiu efeitos benéficos nos níveis sistólicos e no bem-estar da população atendida, revelando-se como estratégia colaborativa no manejo da hipertensão. Contribuições para a prática: a auriculoterapia pode colaborar na regulação pressórica, promover maior autonomia ao enfermeiro e um cuidado centrado no paciente. Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos: RBR-6r8y39d.
Análise espacial da cobertura vacinal do imunobiológico pentavalente em crianças menores de um ano
Authors: Carvalho Juliane Maria Guedes de , Gomes Beatriz Jorge Oliveira , Garcia Gláucia Maria Canato , Lima Lucas Vinícius de , Nardi Edileuza de Fátima Rosina , Barreto Mayckel da Silva , Marcon Sonia Silva
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: analisar a distribuição espacial da cobertura vacinal do imunobiológico pentavalente em crianças menores de um ano. Métodos: estudo ecológico do tipo séries temporais que utilizou dados do Sistema de Informação do Programa Nacional de Imunização sobre a taxa de cobertura vacinal da pentavalente em um estado sul-brasileiro, entre 2013 e 2022. As coberturas vacinais foram expressas em porcentagens, por ano, regional de saúde e tipo de imunobiológico; e empregadas análises de distribuição e autocorrelação espacial das taxas municipais. Resultados: a cobertura vacinal média da pentavalente no estado foi de 90,94%, com o maior índice em 2013 (101,94%) e o menor em 2019 (79,03%). A macrorregião Oeste teve a maior média de cobertura, enquanto a macrorregião Norte teve a menor. Agrupamentos de baixa cobertura foram evidenciados na região Leste. Conclusão: a cobertura vacinal no Paraná tem diminuído ao longo dos anos, possivelmente devido à ascensão de movimentos antivacinas e ao impacto da pandemia nos últimos três anos. Contribuições para a prática: os resultados destacam a necessidade de campanhas de conscientização e ações direcionadas para regiões com baixa cobertura vacinal. Profissionais de saúde, especialmente enfermeiros, podem utilizar esses dados para intervenções que promovam uma maior adesão à vacinação.
Pleural metastases from differentiated thyroid cancer: clinical features and long-term outcomes
Authors: Liu Mengyue , Tang Juan , Sun Nan , Xi Chuang , Shen Chentian , Hongjun Song , Luo Quanyong , Deng Xianzhao , Qiu Zhongling
Published: January 2025

Objective

Pleural metastasis (PM) is rare in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Radioiodine (131I) therapy has been the main treatment for postoperative metastasis and recurrence of DTC. However, clinical data on PM from DTC are limited. This study investigated the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with PM from DTC that were treated surgically and with 131I therapy and evaluated their long-term prognosis and prognostic factors.

Methods

A review of the Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital medical records from 2010 to 2023 identified PM in 27 of 14,473 patients with DTC. Overall survival (OS) was assessed by the Kaplan–Meier method.

Results

The prevalence of PM in DTC was 1.87‰ (27/14,473). The median age at the time of initial diagnosis of PM was 59 years (range: 34–79). At the end of follow-up, eight patients (29.63%) had disease progression (PD), four (14.81%) had a partial response, and the remainder had stable disease; no patient achieved complete response. Twelve patients (44.44%) died, and 15 (55.56%) survived. Thirteen patients (48.15%) did not show 131I avidity, and 16 (59.26%) had radioiodine-refractory DTC (RR-DTC). Twenty patients (74.07%) had malignant pleural effusion (MPE), which was large in 11 cases (40.74%) and moderate in two. More-than-moderate MPE (P = 0.031), lack of 131I avidity (P = 0.041) and RR-DTC (P = 0.030) were significantly associated with worse 5-year OS in patients with PM of DTC.

Conclusions

PM is rare in DTC. Lack of 131I avidity, RR-DTC and more-than-moderate MPE are associated with poor OS in patients with DTC and PM.
Simulación matemática de la evolución de la epidemia Covid-19 en la Zona Metropolitana de Lima-Callao
Authors: Bravo Jorge
Published: January 2025

This paper presents a mathematical model that simulates the evolution of health cases as a consequence of an infection with the coronavirus taking as reference the daily reports issued by the Ministry of Health for the whole Peruvian territory. In this work we put emphasis on the Metropolitan Area of Lima-Callao. For this purpose four probabilistic parameters are used, whose values are chosen in such a way that the model reproduces the reported number of cases. One of them quantifies the probability that a person can be infected per passing day, the second parameter the probability of recovering per passing day since the date the infection took place. The other two parameters are related to the probability of recovering or dying per each passing day. In this modeling two intervals of time are considered: an initial interval of 75 days during which the rate of infections is accelerated followed by an interval in which the rate of infections coincides with the final value of the first interval. The fitting of these parameters to the reported values give as result that the average numbers of days required for recovery is 27 days since the date of infection. Another result is that the maximum number of recovering patients will be about 115 thousand within six months, a fraction of which will require hospital care. The death rate used is 8%.
Estudio de la aleaci´on Fe50Al50 sintetizada por horno de arco
Authors: Rocha Ronald , Guzmán Robert
Published: January 2025

La aleaci´on Fe−Al en la composici´on Fe50Al50 fue sintetizada por la t´ecnica de horno de arco, luego tratada t´ermicamente a 6000C. El difractograma de rayos X (DRX) y espectroscopia Mˆossbauer (EM) a temperatura de ambiente muestra la formaci´on del intermet´alico FeAl el cual es ajustado con un singlete; la soluci´on s´olida Fe(Al), correspondiente a las vacancias o zona instersticial (adem´as de regiones con m´as de un vecino de hierro) es ajustado con un doblete; tambi´en se observa el remanente de hierro Fe a temperatura de ambiente. Luego del tratamiento t´ermico queda el intermet´alico FeAl y la soluci´on s´olida Fe(Al). Los c´alculos de primeros principios complementan el estudio realizado, estos ´ultimos est´an en acuerdo con la estructura cristalina tipo B2 y el caracter met´alico del mismo.
Indicadores conductuales en novillos Holstein finalizados durante invierno y primavera con diferente disponibilidad de espacio vital
Authors: Pérez-Linares Cristina , Ríos-Rincón Francisco Gerardo , Figueroa-Saavedra Fernando , Barreras-Serrano Alberto , Castro-Pérez Beatriz Isabel , Rivera Vargas Keydi Leticia , Romo-Valdez Ana Mireya
Published: January 2025

The study evaluated the behaviour of Holstein steers finished in feedlot during winter and spring with two availabilities of living space. Behavioural indicators were recorded during the last 70 days of stay in the feedlot, based on the following distribution, according to the time of year and the living space per corral: finished in winter: (1) 65 steers housed in 14 m2/head and (2) 57 steers housed in 16 m2/head; finished in spring: (3) 65 steers housed in 14 m2/head and (4) 57 steers housed in 14 m2/head. Steers housed in 14 m2 exhibited agonistic behaviour expressed in a higher frequency of butting (16.93 vs. 12.51), fighting (7.17 vs. 2.99), threats (12.16 vs. 8.02) and vocalizations (24.92 vs. 18.56) than those housed in 16 m2 /head; while in winter bumps (15.98 vs. 13.46), fights (6.61 vs. 3.55) and grooming (28.40 vs. 20.31), decreased the frequency of sniffing (24.98 vs. 64.14) and the frequency of steers with lowered heads increased. (6.30 vs. 2.31) in relation to fattening in spring. The reduction of space allowance in Holstein steers in winter influences agonistic behaviour and decreases social behaviour. It is concluded that allocating 16 m2/head during intensive fattening and finishing of Holstein steers ensures better housing conditions and provides the possibility of expressing positive habitual behavior.