bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Corrected QT Interval and QT Dispersion in Patients with Uncomplicated Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Kaur Amandeep , Kaur Navdeep , Madhukar Mohit
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

Metabolic syndrome (MS) itself has become a new entity being a constellation of physiological, biochemical, metabolic, and clinical factors that have been related to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and morbidity and mortality. The burden of MS is increasing all over the world with the current prevalence being 30%. The QT interval and QT dispersion (QTd) have been long associated with ventricular arrhythmia and sudden cardiac deaths. The association between QT and diabetes and healthy subjects has been clearly studied, but the association between QT and uncomplicated MS has not been very well defined.

Methods:

A total of 400 patients visiting the medicine clinics were assessed for blood pressure, anthropometric measurements, fasting serum lipid profile, FBS, and electrocardiogram (ECG). The patients diagnosed with uncomplicated MS as per the International Diabetic Federation (IDF) criteria were included in the study. QT interval in the ECG was recorded, and the relationship between various parameters of an uncomplicated MetS and the QT interval was recorded.

Results:

Our study revealed more females with uncomplicated MS as compared to males and increasing burden as age progressed. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), WHP, systolic blood pressure (SBP), Diastolic blood pressure (DBP), Fasting blood sugar (FBS), serum cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were positively correlated with QT values.

Conclusion:

QT interval, a strong predictor of malignant ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac deaths, is associated with uncomplicated MS.
Flap versus Flapless Immediate Implants with Bone Augmentation: A Novel Study
Authors: Choudhary Deepak , Girdhar Gaurav , Kumar Santosh , Shetty Arvind , Shetty Neetha J. , Sinha Sachin
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

This study aimed to equate implants placed using a traditional flap elevation technique with implants placed using a flapless process regarding bone healing and success in clinical conditions.

Materials and Methods:

Sixty subjects were included in this research work. The participants were randomly divided into two groups. Patients in group A underwent implant placement with the flap elevation technique. Similarly, group B patients underwent implant placement without flap reflection. Parameters such as plaque index, wound healing index, crestal bone loss, and radiograph were considered to estimate the effectiveness of the two techniques.

Results:

Plaque indexes were improved in both groups. The modified gingival index also improved in all the phases of healing. The flapless method showed a better crestal bone.

Conclusion:

It can be concluded that this study showed that with the right augmentation techniques, implants could be successfully performed immediate extraction sockets, both with and without elevation of the mucoperiosteal flap.
Comparison of Two High Dose Rate Brachytherapy Regimes
Authors: Jaswal Gaurav , Benipal Raja , Bhatty Seema G. , Garg Pardeep , Kang Manraj S.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Two HDR brachytherapy regimes were compared, 9.5 Gray per fraction for two fractions and 7.5 Gray per fraction for three fractions.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 80 patients with histologically evident squamous cell carcinoma cervix were taken in the current research after randomization. Radiotherapy dose delivered was 50 Gray/25#/5 weeks with concomitant chemotherapy with weekly cisplatin 35 mg/m2. Following external chemoradiation, patients were randomized into two arms. In Arm A, 40 patients were given high dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy of weekly 7.5 Gray in three fractions over 3 weeks. In Arm B, 40 patients were given high dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy of weekly 9.5 Gray in two fractions over 2 weeks. BED and LQED had been calculated, and the evaluation of response and consequences was examined.

Results:

In Arm A, BED to point A was 99.38 ± 0.00 and EQD2 to point A was 82.81 ± 0.00. In Arm B, BED to point A was 97.05 ± 0.00 and EQD2 to point A was 80.89 ± 0.00. With respect to rectum in Arm A, BED rectum was 108.66 ± 11.43 and EQD2 rectum was 65.07 ± 6.84. In Arm B, BED rectum was 107 ± 10.83 and EQD2 rectum was 64.21 ± 6.49. Similarly in Arm A, BED bladder was 107.86 ± 10.23 and EQD2 bladder was 64.59 ± 6.13. In arm B, BED bladder was 104.14 ± 10.79 and EQD2 bladder was 62.36 ± 6.46.

Conclusion:

In a follow-up of 6 months, no statistical significance in terms of local control as well as complications rates in both the arms. Our research demonstrates that two fractions of HDR are comparable with three fractions of HDR.
Assessment of Quality of Life after Hysterectomy using European Quality of Life Five Dimension Scale (EQ5D)
Authors: Rajora Parveen , Sharma Deeksha , Singh Gaganpreet , Kaur Prabhleen , Galhotra Anisha , Galhotra Arnav
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

In several regions throughout the globe, caesarean sections constitute the most common nonobstetric surgery, followed by hysterectomy, which is the surgical excision of the uterus. While it is not the only solution for reproductive organ issues, it is the most effective technique to treat many illnesses over the long term. The uterus is a very critical reproductive organ for all age groups as this is not only essential for giving birth but also for hormonal-related physiology in women’s life. The quality of life is impacted by a number of hysterectomy-related effects on females. Physical, psychological, environmental, and social relations are some of these impacts. All EuroQol five-dimensions (EQ5D) subscales significantly improved, as per the research ‘s findings. Preoperative psychosocial status, perioperative pain, indication of hysterectomy, complications occur during surgery, and mode of hysterectomy postoperative infection had been discovered as determinants of quality of life outcome following hysterectomy. In most of the subjects we noticed small, however, noticable improvements in all component of EQ5D Scale. The strengths of EQ5D questionnaire lie in its simplicity and moreover it is available in several languages.
Acquisition of Precision and Reliability of Modalities for Facial Reconstruction and Aesthetic Surgery: A Systematic Review
Authors: Afaq Shehzeen , Jain S.K. , Sharma Nidhi , Sharma Sonika
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

The foundation of reconstructive and cosmetic surgery is a confluence of advanced technologies, plethora of procedures, inventive modifications, and planned strategies. In surgical planning, the most crucial steps for treating a patient are evaluating the facial morphometry and recognizing the deviations from the baseline values of facial parameters. Various imaging and non-imaging modalities and sub-modalities contribute to diagnosis, treatment planning, and follow-up care. These techniques are an important milestone of pre-, peri-, and postoperative care in facial reconstruction. The current research aims to comprehensively explain imaging and non-imaging technologies encompassing both innovative and traditional approaches in facial reconstruction. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched from 1990 to 2022, and systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA recommendations. Undoubtedly, various factors impact the selection of facial analysis acquisition approaches and their prospective. The surgical team must understand such modalities’ potential for diagnosis and treatment. The evolution of three-dimensional imaging has been fueled because of the need for devices with high speed, small size, and several functions. Automation with more efficiency and precision is the way of the future for three-dimensional imaging. Stereophotogrammetry can clearly quantify the field of facial analysis. All the publications under consideration came to the same conclusion: Canfield’s Vectra three-dimensional imaging devices can provide accurate, repeatable stereophotogrammetric pictures. Although a few minor mistakes were recorded, most examined devices are deemed reliable and accurate tools for Plastic surgeons.
A Comparison of the Wetting Ability of Three Artificial Saliva Substitutes on Heat-Cured Denture Base Resin – An In vitro Study
Authors: Ranjan Madhu , Keshari Mritunjay Kumar , Sinha Tushar , Bhatia Mehtaab Singh , Rani Priya , Prakash Jayant
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Salivary substitutes are gaining popularity these days because of the increase in patients with dry mouth. These substitutes must satisfy certain criteria to fulfill the patient’s needs. One of these is wettability.

Materials and Methods:

One hundred fifty rectangular specimens of heat-cured denture base acrylic resin were prepared. A drop of test liquids (human saliva, distilled water, aqwet, saleva, and wet mouth) was placed over the test specimen and right and left contact angles were measured using optical contact angle machine.

Results:

All test liquids performed better than distilled water. Human saliva has the least contact angle followed by aqwet.

Conclusion:

Carboxymethyl cellulose base aqwet saliva substitute was found to be best having similar contact angle values to human saliva.
A Study to Assess the Awareness of Adults about Precancerous and Cancerous Lesions and the Associated Risk Factors
Authors: Dixit Arti , Parekh Nirav Hemant , Anand Rakesh , Kamal Nitesh , Badiyani Bhumika K. , Kumar Amit , Obulareddy Vishnu Teja
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

The purpose of this study was to determine which factors contribute to the development of oral precancerous lesions and subsequent mouth cancer.

Materials and Methods:

Throughout the trial, 450 patients agreed to participate in the investigation. The subjects comprised patients with squamous cell carcinoma (n = 79), oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) (n = 200), leukoplakia (n = 41), lichen planus (n = 10), and controls (n = 120). Statistical analysis of the data was carried out using the Chi-square and regression analysis.

Results:

All oral precancerous lesions were shown to have a high prevalence of chewing, which was found to have a strong link with oral cancer. Oral precancerous lesions and cancer were also substantially connected with the length of time someone had the habit and how often they engaged in it.

Conclusion:

Oral cancer and precancerous lesions were determined to be less of a worry when other risks such as drinking and smoking were taken into account.
In vitro Evaluation of Shear Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets Bonded with Different Adhesives
Authors: Singh Deepak , Swarup Divya , Kumari Neha , Kumar Subhash , Priya Tanu , Sinha Ritama
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

To endure the orthodontic forces used throughout treatment, the bond strength of bonded orthodontic brackets must be enough with assessment of shear bond strength when bonding orthodontic brackets with various adhesives.

Materials and Methods:

Overall, forty extracted premolars due to orthodontic treatment were included. They were split into four equal cohorts with various primers. With both adhesives, shear bond strength had been assessed with and without salivary contamination. SPSS software was used to assess the outcomes. Consideration was given to statistical significance of P value of less than 0.05.

Results:

Several groups’ average bond strengths in MPa were assessed in both dry and contaminated saliva conditions. When it was dry, Transbond Plus demonstrated greater shear bond strength.

Conclusion:

Hydrophilic Transbond Plus resin outperformed hydrophobic Transbond XT resin in terms of shear bond strength under both situations.
Knowledge and Perception about Dental Implant and Its Complications among Dental and Medical Students—A Comparative Observational Survey
Authors: Dhanai Anishka , Bagde Hiroj , Ghildiyal Chandni , Mukherjee Koushik , Pallavi Kumari , Joshi Prerna
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

As dental implants become more widely used, there is a need to raise awareness about their potential complications. Professionals in the dental and medical fields must take responsibility for educating the public, and future professionals in these fields will play a key role in this effort.

Methodology:

Dental and medical students were polled through online questionnaire, with questions posed in multiple-choice format, to gauge their knowledge of dental implants.

Result:

When medical students were compared with dental students, it concluded that the dental students have more knowledge about implants and its complication.

Conclusion:

The statistical analysis revealed that the knowledge about basics of implantology and implant complications was good amongst dental students than medical students which was statistically significant.
Assessment of Prognosis of Dental Implants in Diabetic Patients: A Clinical Study
Authors: Sharma Anupriya , Deo Aparna , Sharma Ashish , Kumar Deepak , Gupta Prahlad , Cheema Malwinder
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

To evaluate the prospects for dental implants in people with diabetes.

Materials and Methods:

Thirty patients in all were enrolled. The age range was from 40 to 60. Out of 30, 8 men and 22 women were present. HbA1c values were calculated. HbA1c levels and the ratio of problems to implant numbers were shown to be correlated. Data were gathered. Software called SPSS was used to analyses the results.

Results:

Thirty patients in all were enrolled. In follow-up cases, the stratification levels of HbA1c were investigated. The implant failure rate in 8.0–8.9 was 90.91%, with 2 implants failing. The survival rate in 11.0-11.9 was 75%. Others had a 100% success rate.

Conclusion:

Patients with diabetes have higher implant survival rates and fewer problems.
Cytomorphological Spectrum of Head and Neck Lesions by Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Kaur Amandeep , Poonia Sonali , Singh Karandeep , Kaur Dalbir , Madhukar Mohit , Godara Ravish
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is considered the first line investigation of choice for evaluating head and neck swellings as it is a quick, safe, and rapid diagnostic procedure.

Material and Methods:

This is a retrospective study that included 242 cases of head and neck lesions in the Department of Pathology, Maharaja Agrasen Medical College, Agroha. FNAC was performed by aspiration and non aspiration techniques, and cytological diagnosis was given and correlated with clinical findings and investigations.

Results:

The most common age group affected was 21–30 years. Male to female ratio was 1:1.49. Out of 242 cases, maximum lesions were found in lymph nodes (128 cases), followed by thyroid gland in 81 cases, salivary gland in 23 cases, and miscellaneous group in 10 cases. Maximum number of cases reported were inflammatory (55.37%), followed by benign (29.33%) and malignant (11.15%) cases. Most swellings occurring in the head and neck region are inflammatory in nature.

Conclusion:

Our study concluded that FNAC is a simple, safe, and minimal invasive technique that differentiates between neoplastic and non neoplastic lesions and avoids unnecessary surgeries.
Assessment of Various Reciprocating System in the Extrusion of Debris from Curved Root Canals: An Original Study
Authors: Sharanpriya  , Pushpa Suran , Karuna  , Agarwal Ishita , Deshmukh Vishal P. , Maria Rahul , Mustafa Mohammed
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

The endodontic preparation depends largely on the file systems that are used in the canal preparations. The amount of the intracanal debris that is extruded from the apex may be influenced by the file systems. Hence, the present in vitro study evaluated the amount the debris that is extruded for the two file systems at different working lengths.

Methods:

Forty human mesiobuccal canals of the first molars were collected that were extracted for various causes. They were equally divided to four groups of Reciproc (full length), Reciproc (short by 1 mm), WaveOne Gold (full length), and WaveOne Gold (short by 1 mm). Routine crown-down technique was followed for the canal preparation with the intermittent irrigation. The extruded debris was weighed and compared for the significance.

Results:

The amount of the debris that was extruded weighed similarly in all the four groups with no significant variations. The Reciproc extruded lesser material than the WaveOne Gold.

Conclusions:

The file systems seem not to affect the debris extrusion irrespective of the files’ physical properties. Further studies in a clinical setup are warranted.
Assessment of the USG Detection of Abdominal Pathologies in HIV and Aids and its Association with CD4 Counts – An Original Research
Authors: Kyasa Sai V. , Achuta Kesava M. , Gupta Manoj K. , Ajmeera Rajunaik , Kancherla Neeraj , Singh Faziljot
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

In individuals with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), abdominal pathologies rank second in frequency only to pulmonary illnesses. An essential imaging method for assessing abdominal diseases is ultrasonography (USG). In this study, abdominal pathologies in HIV/AIDS patients were evaluated using USG, and their relationship to CD4 count was further examined.

Materials and Techniques:

400 HIV+ subjects with aberrant abdominal USG participated in the current investigation. The subjects were assessed and graded as per the CD4 counts. Later the comparisons were drawn between the USG, and its relationship to CD4 count using SPSS 16.0 software, and all data were examined using appropriate statistical tools.

Results:

Men were over 60% of the 400 subjects. The average age of these subjects was 35.6 years; the range for this age group was 6 to 63 years. Spleen involvement was found on ultrasonographic examination in 45.1% of subjects, while liver and lymph node involvement was seen in 43.6% of subjects. Substantial correlations between CD4 counts and findings such as periportal & mesenteric lymphadenopathy, localized pancreatic lesion, splenic microabscess, splenomegaly, and hepatomegaly were found. One percent of individuals had lymphoma, which affected the retroperitoneal lymph nodes, pancreas, and liver.

Conclusion:

Present research demonstrates the significance of abdominal ultrasonographic examination in HIV+ patients. CD4 counts have a big impact on how an HIV/AIDS patient’s differential diagnosis is determined. The interpretation of USG results in relation to CD4 levels may aid in accurate diagnosis.
Bifid Uvula—An Enigma
Authors: Prasad Prathibha , Khalil Ebtesam , Desai Vijay Bhavrao , Varma Sudhir Rama , Gunasekaran Lalithambigai , Kumar Kiran , Pradeep Sulakshana
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Facial development involves an intricate regulatory mechanism that accounts for numerous craniofacial abnormalities, common being orofacial clefts. Although cleft in the secondary palate accounts for one-third of orofacial clefts stills remains an under-researched domain. Hence, in this work, the authors put forth two non-syndromic, asymptomatic cleft uvulae reported among bimodal male patients of the Indian-Asiatic population who came up for dental screening. Most of the time, isolated/asymptomatic cleft uvula patients will be reluctant to further investigations and treatment. Although bifid uvula looks benign in most patients, it may sometimes be associated with catastrophic complications. To conclude, whenever bifid uvula is an incidental finding, it is the responsibility of the healthcare worker to plan a thorough patient workup as a primary preventive measure to rule out any complications whenever feasible. It can help us overcome many future unforeseen sequelae and emergency management due to bifid uvula.
Comparison of Clonidine with Bupivaicaine vs Plain Bupivaicaine in Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) Block in Women Undergoing Cesarean Delivery Under Spinal Anesthesia: Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Thakur Sunil , Sharma Anupriya , Kaushal Sushruti , Sharma Ashish , Sharma Nisha , Thakur Preyander S.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is a technique of regional anesthesia, introduced by Rafi in 2001. Various additives have been added to prolong the duration of effect of TAP block. We conducted this study to see if addition of clonidine to bupivacaine significantly increases the duration of effect of TAP block.

Materials and Methods:

This randomized, parallel group, placebo controlled double blind clinical trial was conducted on 100 healthy participants (ASAII) undergoing LSCS under Spinal anesthesia (SA) from Jan 2021 to July 2021 after consent of Institutional Ethics Committee. Women with contraindications to spinal anesthesia, allergy to any of the drugs or not-suitable for cesarean under SA were excluded. After written informed consent, eligible participants were randomly allocated into two groups using computer generated random number tables using serially numbered opaque sealed envelopes. 48 out of 50 participants in group A (Bupivacaine) were given TAP block with 20 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine bilaterally. 2 women were excluded because of conversion to General Anesthesia. Similarly, 47 out of 50 participants in Group B (Bupivacaine + Clonidine) were given TAP block with 20 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine plus 1.0 mcg/kg clonidine bilaterally after completion of surgery using 18 G Tuohy needle. Separate person used to fill the drugs for block. Participants were assessed for duration of analgesic effect of TAP block measured as the time to request for additional analgesia. Additional analgesic requirement was noted. Participants were assessed for side effects of clonidine like hypotension, bradycardia, sedation and dryness of mouth. Overall patient satisfaction was also noted. Data was analysed using Graphpad Prism 9, using Student’s t-test for primary outcome and Mann–Whitney U test for secondary outcomes.

Results:

The mean ‘duration of analgesic effect with TAP block’ was 6.34 (SD1.26) hrs for ‘Bupivacaine’ group and 10.56 (SD2.12) hrs for ‘Bupivacaine + Clonidine’ group. None of the patients developed hypotension or bradycardia. 25% participants in Bupivacaine only group and 40.42% in Bupivacaine + Clonidine group were sedated (P < 0.05). 20.8% in ‘Bupivacaine’ group and 51.06% in ‘Bupivacaine + Clonidine’ group had dryness of mouth (P < 0.001). Patient satisfaction was equal in both the groups.

Conclusion:

Addition of clonidine to bupivacaine in the dose of 1 mcg/kg significantly increases the duration of analgesic effect of TAP block, decreases analgesic usage without significant increase in side effects.
Impact of Various Remineralizing Agents on Artificial White Spot Lesion on Primary Teeth—A Comparative Study
Authors: Al Ghwainem Abdulhamid
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

The aim of the current research was to assess the effectiveness of different remineralizing substances on artificial white spot lesions on deciduous teeth.

Materials and Methods:

45 deciduous teeth without dental caries constituted the study group for this in vitro research. A 3 mm by 3 mm window of enamel was uncovered at the occluso-gingival midpoint of the coronal labial surface; an acid-resistant nail varnish was coated alongside the uncovered enamel surface of all specimens, employing vertical strokes. Demineralization was executed for the tenure of 72 hours at 37°C temperature in an incubator. The forty-five specimens, fifteen in each group, were assigned to the investigational groups plus a control group as: Group A: Control, Group B: Calcium sucrose phosphate (CaSP), Group C: Casein phosphopeptide–amorphous calcium phosphate–fluoride (CPP-ACPF). Microhardness tester was employed for testing the microhardness of the enamel surface using a Vickers diamond indenter laden with twenty-five milligrams for approximately ten seconds. Vickers hardness number (VHN) calculations for the microhardness were performed at baseline and on the fourteenth day.

Results:

The CPP-ACPF group exhibited greater mean microhardness value at 236.14 ± 2.12, in pursuit by CaSP group with a score of 231.98 ± 3.16 and then the control group at 220.22 ± 5.08. An extremely statistically significant difference was seen amid the groups.

Conclusion:

The current research arrived at a conclusion that both the remineralizing substances were certainly efficient in handling early dental caries, and additionally, casein phosphopeptide–amorphous calcium phosphate–fluoride (CPP-ACPF) was found highly efficient as a remineralizing substance, in pursuit by calcium sucrose phosphate (CaSP).
Evaluation of Root Dentin Damage during Retreatment Procedure using Various Engine-Driven Retreatment File Systems—A Micro-CT Study
Authors: Varghese Eby , Awasthi Naman , Kakarla Pranitha , Mailankote Shilpa , Mishra Debasish , John Nishin K.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

The aim of this research was to assess the damage to root dentin that arises from retreatment with different engine-driven NiTi retreatment files employing micro-computed tomography.

Materials and Methods:

Sixty mandibular premolar teeth having a single root and root canal that were recently extracted were gathered and stored. The specimens were de-coronated at the cementoenamel junction under water irrigation to achieve a homogeneous root length of 16 millimeters. Gutta-percha cones were coated with sealants and placed within the radicular canal till the WL. All sixty premolars were randomly assigned to one of the following three groups, with every group comprising 20 sample teeth each. Group 1: MTwo Retreatment files, Group 2: ProTaper Universal Retreatment files, Group 3: Edge File XR Retreatment rotary files. The quantity of root dentinal injury was estimated by deducting the dentin volume (mm3) in the pre- and post-therapy micro-CT scans at apical, middle, and cervical 3rd points.

Results:

An intra-group comparative scrutiny showed that lower radicular dentinal injury was noted at apical 3rd (0.31 ± 0.16, 0.62 ± 0.02) in Edge File XR Retreatment file system and MTwo Retreatment file system in that order. The statistically significant disparity was seen amid the MTwo Retreatment file, Edge File XR Retreatment file system and ProTaper Universal Retreatment file, Edge File XR Retreatment file system with P value of 0.001on intergroup assessment.

Conclusion:

In spite of the limitations that this research had, it was inferred that each assessed file system proficiently eradicated the obturated material through the retreatment procedure performed. In addition, it was seen that the Edge File XR group showed lesser root dentin damage in contrast to MTwo and ProTaper Universal file systems.
Evaluation of the Clinicoradiological Profile in Cases of Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis: An Original Research
Authors: Durga Pradeep Ganipineni Vijay , Ajmeera Rajunaik , Jha Rohit K. , Medikonda Mallareddy , Saifuddin Rehan , Singh Faziljot
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

A complicated hypersensitive reaction to inhaled fungal antigens results in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA), an immunologic pulmonary disease. ABPA complicates nearly 2% of instances of persistent asthma as well as nearly 10% of chronic cases of steroid-dependent asthma, and it occurs most frequently in immunocompetent patients. The purpose of the current research was to analyze the radiological and clinical features of the participants as well as the serological association of ABPA.

Materials and Methods:

From April 2020 to April 2021, a retrospective investigation was conducted. The study included patients based on the International Society for Human and Animal Mycology’s criteria for ABPA confirmation. Analysis was done on the demographic information and pathological and radiological test results of the patients. The patients’ pre-bronchodilator and post-bronchodilator spirometry was compared, and asthmatic control was estimated.

Results:

A total of 50 patients were investigated at in this study. Demographic findings indicated young subjects and aa female predominance. Cough was the most prevalent symptom in 84% of patients. Asthma of the bronchi was a risk factor for all of the patients. The mean serum immunoglobulin E level and the mean absolute eosinophil count were 533 cells/L and 2269 UI/mL, respectively. Spirometry results from the study’s participants indicated an obstructive pattern in about 80% of cases. The most typical radiological abnormality observed was bronchiectasis, followed by parenchymal opacities.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, when treating asthma that is challenging to control, the diagnosis of ABPA must be taken into account. Delay in diagnosis might result in declining lung function, worsening asthma control, possibly irreversible alterations, greater treatment costs, and declined quality of life.
Methodological Considerations in Salivary Proteomics for Periodontal Research-A Review
Authors: George Annie Kitty , Nisha KJ , Malaiappan Sankari , George V Thomas
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

The diagnosis and management of periodontal diseases can be enhanced by the identification of biomolecules which can predict disease susceptibility, indicate current disease activity, and monitor response to therapy. Salivary proteomics is a major avenue in the ongoing search for a biomarker in periodontal research. Saliva is a valuable diagnostic vehicle which “mirrors” oral and systemic health and disease. Standardized methods of saliva sampling and processing will increase diagnostic test accuracy and decrease bias in measurements. Prominent databases such as PubMed/Medline, PMC, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched and literature evidence from January 2000 till September 2022 were studied to identify the methodological considerations employed in salivary proteomics for periodontal research. Evidence and recommendations in this regard were collated into this narrative review. The methods of saliva collection and processing presented in this review will help researchers conduct salivary proteomic studies with standardized protocols.
Assessing the Effect of Iron on Oral Health Status among the General Population Residing in High and Low Levels of Iron Blocks in Namakkal District, Tamil Nadu, India: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Elakiya S , Rajmohan M , Prabu D , Dhamodhar Dinesh , Bharathwaj VV , Sindhu R , Sathiyapriya S
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

This study aims to assess the effect of iron on oral health status among the general population residing in high and low levels of iron blocks in the Namakkal district of Tamil Nadu, India.

Materials and Method:

A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the impact of iron on oral health among people in the Namakkal district of Tamil Nadu, India. The sample size was estimated to be 600, which were equally divided into two groups based on the high and low levels of iron (300 samples) content of water in the Namakkal district based on the multistage random sampling method. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was used to collect the demographic data and oral hygiene practices of the people. Dental stains were recorded using a modified Lobene stain index. P value < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.

Results:

The area and intensity of the dental stains were not significant with age, gender, and blocks. There was no statistically significant difference between the high iron and low iron blocks for the area (A), intensity (I), and I × A of stains.

Conclusion:

The study concludes that the water samples with both high and low levels of iron had a strong impact on the oral health of the people.
Assessment of Ploidy Status in Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders – A Systematic Review
Authors: Annapoorani S. , Gururaj N. , Balambigai V. Abiraami , Prakash Nilima , Hasinidevi P. , Janani V.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Malignant and potentially malignant epithelial lesions are often associated with various abnormalities such as epithelial dysplasia, abnormal DNA content, loss of heterozygosity, and chromosomal number aberrations. Screening and early detection of such abnormalities facilitates proper care and also helps to prevent further progression of potentially malignant lesions to malignancy. In such way, the presence of DNA aneuploidy in oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) may serve as an indicator for the malignant transforming potential. Various assessment methods have been proposed to find the DNA ploidy status of cells. This current systematic review is mainly designed to assess the importance of ploidy status in OPMD while measuring the feasibility of using this biomarker for evaluating the hazard of malignant transformation. As an upshot of this systematic review, we can conclude that use of DNA ploidy status can serve as an independent bio-marker for predicting the malignant transformation of lesions. Furthermore, as a future scope the use of DNA ploidy analysis in normal mucosa of smokers will help to assess the malignancy risk and this technique might also help to predict the genetic predisposition of patients with malignancy.
An Observational Study on the Utility of Lab Parameters in Evaluating the Severity of Patients in South India with Covid-19
Authors: Binub Kanniyan , Harsha P.V. , Salim Roshni S. , Sunny Sobin , Dabas Pratibha , Chalil Swathy , Henry Sneha
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Laboratory testing has been extremely helpful in determining the severity and determining the course of treatment for COVID-19 patients. Our aim has been to look for variables of patient’s clinical and laboratory profile for two weeks and to observe their significance. Observational, Cross-sectional study. Data from the clinic and laboratory were compiled on Google form after informed consent from the patient. Statistical analysis was done using the Mann-Whitney U and unpaired t test. Population statistics included 202 patients (1st week) and 161 patients (2nd week), with the mean age of 61 ± 18 years. Most patients fell under the mild category (SPO2 >94%). High body mass index (n = 119) and hypertensive (n = 98) were the most common comorbidities observed. Diabetes, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases are the other comorbidities studied in this study. Hypoalbuminemia (n = 194) is the most deranged laboratory parameter in mild category, followed by lymphopenia (n = 109). In severe category also, hypoalbuminemia (n = 13) was deranged more. Other laboratory parameters included are CRP, D-Dimer, neutrophil and lymphocyte count. This study showed that albumin is a good predictor for estimating the severity of COVID-19 patients especially in the first week of their admission.
Undergraduate Students’ and Interns’ Perception towards Learning Environment at Dental Clinics, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Javed Muhammad Qasim , Nawabi Shazia , Srivastava Swati , Kolarkodi Shahul H. , Khan Asma M. , Awinashe Minal V.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Dental clinical educational environment plays a critical part in the inculcation of skills and enhancement of knowledge for the dental students. The objective was to assess undergraduate dental students’ and interns’ perceptions towards the clinical learning environment.

Methods:

Current cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2020 to February 2021, using the 24-item dental clinical learning environment inventory (DECLEI) on a six point Likert scale. The possible range of cumulative score for DECLEI was from 0 to 100 (interpretation poor to excellent). The inventory was emailed to 111 students and interns at College of Dentistry, Qassim University. The relationship between the independent variables and DECLEI scores was determined by using Pearson correlation test. SPSS version-23 was used for statistical analysis.

Results:

Overall response rate was 78.37%. The mean DECLEI score was noted as 67.5 ± 17.98. Among the factors, the highest mean score was documented for the systematic self-evaluation and the lowest mean score was observed for the item related to patients’ punctuality for appointments. A factor-wise analysis of three subscales of DECLEI demonstrated the respondents had good perception towards all subscales with the highest mean score (72.3 ± 18.06) for Factor III and lowest mean score (61.3 ± 19.81) for Factor II. Overall, the DECELI was found to be reliable with the Cronbach’s Alpha value of 0.94. The Pearson’s correlation test showed the weak positive insignificant correlation of mean DECLEI score with gender and categories.

Conclusions:

Present study indicated more positive than negative perceptions of the dental students related to their clinical learning environment. The DECLEI helped in recognizing both strengths and shortcomings of the dental clinical learning environment.
Evaluation of Microleakage of Stainless Steel Crowns and Pedo Jacket Crowns after Cementation With Different Luting Cements
Authors: Varghese Eby , Samson Renu S. , Albaker Saud A. , Thomas Archana A. , Alqarni Adel S. , Dhanya K B
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

The present research was conducted to assess the microleakage of stainless steel crowns along with pedo jacket crowns following cementation with different luting cements.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 60 deciduous teeth subjected to extraction were employed in this in vitro research. These 60 specimens were randomly divided into two groups: Group I: Stainless steel crowns and Group II: Pedo Jacket crowns. Both crowns were subjected to cementation using self-cure resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI) cement as well as by means of self-adhesive universal resin cement (RelyX luting cement). The specimens were subjected to storage in distilled water at 37°C for 24 h and were subjected to 500 thermal cycles between 5°C and 55°C using a dwell span of 30 s. Individual surfaces were assessed for the amount of dye infiltration at the boundaries by the side of the tooth–cement border beneath a stereomicroscope under 50× magnifying power. At the mesial and distal surfaces, the amount of microleakage was measured in micrometers (μm), and the mean value was computed for each sample.

Results:

Stainless steel crowns subject to cementation with RelyX luting cement exhibited the lowest microleakage (0.88 ± 0.78) versus self-cure RMGI cement (0.94 ± 0.78). There was no statistically significant difference found between the groups. Pedo Jacket crowns subject to cementation with RelyX luting cement exhibited the lowest microleakage (0.96. ± 0.32) while self-cure RMGI cement (1.83 ± 0.16) depicted the maximum microleakage. There was an extremely statistically noteworthy dissimilarity noted among the groups.

Conclusion:

The current research concluded that Pedo Jacket crowns subjected to cementation with RelyX luting cement can be regarded as an esthetically pleasing restorative alternative for numerous young patients. Applying RelyX luting cement to Pedo Jacket crowns provides a strong bolstering by composite materials that ensures the success of the therapy provided.
Double Labial Talon Cusp on Permanent Incisior—An Unusual Occurrence
Authors: Arulraj Peterlouis , Manoharan GV Murali Gopika , Vijayalakshmi Dhanaraj , Ramamoorthy Kolappan , Kedarnath Priyadharshini Subramaniam , Senthilkumaran Mathivanan
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

A labial or lingual talon cusp is a well distinct extra cusp that is positioned on the plane or surface of the tooth of either upper or lower tooth usually covers an area of at least fifty percent of the teeth extends from the CEJ to the edge of the incisors. A talon cusp is considered be an extra or an accessory cusp enlarges from cingulum and to continually enlarge to be a fully formed cusp. Around three fourth of all documented talon cusps are present in the permanent dentition. The usual radiographic finding is a double teeth appearance. Here, we shared one case report of rare entity of double talon or eagle cusp on permanent central incisor.
Ectopic Mandibular Canine with Partial Anodontia - A Rare Case Report
Authors: Hemamalini Rengarajan , Mahabob M. Nazargi , Anbuselvan Gobichettipalayam Jagatheeswaran , Sivagami Muthukrishnan , Yamunadevi Andamuthu , Vijayalakshmi Dhanaraj , Anbarasu Saravanakumar
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Ectopic eruption of the tooth is a developmental disturbance where the tooth does not erupt in a normal position. This may be due to arch length deficiency or due to, delayed or premature exfoliation of deciduous teeth, or a combination of the above. A total or complete absence of teeth is called true anodontia; if one or more teeth are missing, it is called partial anodontia. It can be syndromic or non-syndromic in occurrence. Here, we present a rare case of non-syndromic partial anodontia and ectopic eruption of permanent mandibular canine in a female patient.
Light-Based Non-Invasive Techniques as Diagnostic Tools in Cancer Detection: A Systematic Review
Authors: Yeladandi Mounika , Maheswari T. N. Uma , Chaitanya Nallan CSK , Padala Swetha Bindu , Prasanna Chennuri Keerthi , Amritha Sripoo R , Khanam Shugufta , Dhanya M
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) fall between the sixth and eighth most common cancers. The prevention of cancer and the treatment of the disease depends on early diagnosis. To encourage dental professionals to use light-based detection techniques in clinical practice, this systematic review aims to evaluate the literature on the effectiveness of chemiluminescence and autofluorescent imaging equipment in the detection of OSCC and OPMDs. PUBMED [MEDLINE] and SCIENCE DIRECT were the electronic databases and retrieval systems used to look for pertinent articles. Search terms like“oral cancer,”“early diagnosis,”“potentially malignant disorders,“chemiluminescence,” autofluorescence,” and “VELscope” were used to search the database of indexed journals. 26 articles in total have been chosen for this review. The majority of the research was cross-sectional. Chemiluminescence and Autofluorescence can help a skilled doctor spot oral premalignant lesions with the autofluorescence technique being superior and the way for biopsies within the altered mucosa.
Evaluation of Wound Healing Property of the Ethanolic Extract of Glycyrrhiza Glabra on Vero Cell Lines Using In Vitro Scratch Assay Test
Authors: Roy Ishika , Magesh Karuppur Thiagarajan , Sathyakumar Mayilvakanam , Sivachandran Annamalai , Purushothaman Deenadayalan , Aravindhan Ravi
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

The successful restoration of damaged tissue requires a complicated, dynamic process called wound healing, which is supported by a wide range of cellular activities. Natural materials generated from medicinal plants have been identified, and their therapeutic potential evaluation has resulted in the development of novel, affordable medicines that can be used to treat a variety of illnesses, including chronic wounds, with limited side effects.

Aims and Objectives:

This study aimed to assess the wound-healing property of Glycyrrhiza Glabra (Athimathuram) plant extracts by using an in vitro scratch assay test, as well as to evaluate their cellular toxicity.

Materials and Methods:

Using the Soxhlet device, ethanolic extraction of the plant material was done, and the cytotoxicity of the extract on the Vero cell line was examined using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. One of the most often utilized mammalian in vitro cell lines in research was Vero cells. To assess the wound healing properties of G. glabra plant extract, an in vitro scratch assay was used, and their potential mechanisms of action were examined.

Results:

Even at higher concentrations, the MTT assay showed that G. Glabra plant extracts had no cytotoxic effects on the cells. In vitro scratch assay showed that the healing process of the cell line was increased by 23.33% when compared with the controlled cell lines.

Conclusion:

Our research demonstrated that G. glabra has in vitro wound healing capabilities. As a result, G. glabra can be suggested as a possible source of compounds that treat wounds.
Effect of Dental Varnishes in Prevention of Enamel Demineralization Adjacent to Orthodontic Brackets
Authors: Varghese Eby , Samson Renu S. , Thomas Ashley , Sam George , Hota Sadananda , Sahoo Nivedita
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

The aim of the current research was to assess the ability of different dental varnishes in averting enamel demineralization adjoining the orthodontic brackets.

Materials and Methods:

Seventy-five premolars devoid of dental caries that were subjected to extraction for orthodontic purposes were employed in this research. The surface of enamel was etched with 37% phosphoric acid and subjected to primer application. Individual brackets were placed on the midregion of the buccal surfaces of the premolars with Transbond™ XT adhesive. Postbracket bonding, the dry premolar tooth samples were set aside cautiously. The samples were then allocated to three groups: Group I: Duraphat Varnish, Group II: Clinpro XT Varnish, and Group III: Profluorid Varnish. Every sample was independently subjected to immersion in demineralizing solution for a period of 96 h at 37°C in an incubator. Areas of demineralization were evaluated by documenting the microhardness along the severed surface using a microhardness tester equipped with a Vickers diamond.

Results:

The highest surface microhardness was noted with Profluorid Varnish group at 328.48 ± 1.12 in pursuit by Clinpro XT Varnish group at 322.08 ± 0.04 as well as Duraphat Varnish group at 307.42 ± 0.28 with a statistically noteworthy dissimilarity amid the groups.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the three varnishes employed had an influence on the prevention of enamel demineralization surrounding the orthodontic brackets. Profluorid varnish however exhibited maximum efficiency in avoiding enamel demineralization versus Clinpro XT varnish as well as Duraphat varnish group.
Evaluation of Non-Cross Linked Xeno-Free Hyaluronic Acid Solutions as Visco Elastic Biomaterials
Authors: Mohan Sunil Paramel , Palaniappan Arunkumar
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a naturally occurring biodegradable, high molecular weight, non-sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) polymer known for its excellent biocompatibility. HA-based products are widely used as viscosupplements, dermal fillers, and ophthalmic lubricants in clinical settings. Although animal and bacterial-derived HA are commonly reported, plant-sourced HA is not frequently reported. In this study, we have evaluated various viscoelastic properties of one such plant-based HA solution and propose them as an alternative to existing animal/bacteria-sourced HA.

Materials and Methods:

The viscoelastic properties of plant-sourced HA solution of various concentrations (0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, and 2% in PBS) were studied using a rheometer at 37°C. Flow curves, amplitude sweep studies, and frequency sweep studies were performed and compared for all HA solutions.

Results:

The HA solutions displayed shear-thinning behavior, which is an important characteristic of an injectable biomaterial. The 0.1 and 0.5% HA were found to have viscoelastic properties appropriate for eye lubricants, while 1 and 2% HA solutions showed properties suitable for soft tissue fillers. Frequency sweep studies indicated that all the samples are typically viscoelastic liquids with a loss modulus (G″) higher than the storage modulus (G′). This indicated that the samples needed further processing like crosslinking of HA or using higher molecular weight HA to be suitable as viscosupplements. However, the frequency sweep studies also indicated that these solutions can be used as soft tissue fillers of any type based on the G′ and tan δ values.

Conclusion:

The plant-sourced HA solutions are found to exhibit good shear-thinning properties with viscoelastic properties suitable for eye lubricants and soft tissue fillers. However, to be used as viscosupplements, the viscoelastic properties of HA solutions have to be further modified through non-toxic crosslinking strategies, and hydrophobic derivatives as well as by using high molecular weight HAs.