bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trade-offs in Evidence Based Design: ‘the Patient Door Debate’
Authors: van Heel Liesbeth , Herweijer Milee , van Oel Clarine
Published: December 2024

The door between the semi-public corridor and the single-occupancy patient room of a newly built University Medical Centre in the Netherlands has been heavily debated during its Evidence Based Design (EBD) and experience-informed design. It was also heavily debated since the wards came into use in 2018. It is well known that, regarding door design, a trade-off has to be made between aspects such as privacy, visibility, and safety. This makes our case study exemplary for the trade-offs to be made in EBD practice. This study traces back to how the design decisions for the door, dating from 2011, were made. Safety, privacy, control, and support for the social and emotional wellbeing of patients, relatives, and staff were the aim, but this is not experienced as such by all concerned. This case study evaluation highlights the tension between EBD principles and everyday practice, where the interplay between ‘bricks, bytes, and behavior’ has to be considered, and every consciously debated design solution might bring new and unforeseen challenges elsewhere. Our practice-based research combines the analysis of documentation on the design decision-making process with evaluation interviews with nurse managers in 2019. Our findings on ‘the (Dutch) patient door debate’ can contribute to awareness of trade-offs to be made in health facility design, complemented with supportive IT systems and efficient and effective staff workflows. It can enhance the understanding of the many aspects that need to come into consideration during design dialogues with experts and end-users.
Addressing Barriers in the University Campus Environment for Neurodivergent Students
Authors: Osifo Osayaba , Terashima Mikiko
Published: December 2024

About 15% of the global population is considered neurodivergent (having different ways of sensory processing than what are perceived as neurotypical persons). Persons with neurodivergence typically include those with autism, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and Down Syndrome. Studies have shown that many neurodivergent persons experience sensory processing disorder (SPD). Noise, lighting, temperature, and aesthetics are some factors that can significantly impact the quality of interaction with the built environment for these individuals. A significantly lower proportion of youths with SPD enter higher educational institutions (HEI), hindered in part by physical design on university campuses. Universities in Canada are now mandated to address barriers in the campus environments for persons with disability. However, space design needs of neurodivergent students are often overlooked. We interviewed eight neurodivergent persons with SPD (NPSPD) about their experiences as students navigating a university campus located in Halifax, Canada. We asked what specific spaces on campus pose barriers to them (to enter, traverse, and use), and how the design should be improved. The participant responses revealed many elements on campus that act as barriers—largely consistent with existing literature. However, the participants’ comments illustrated more complex dynamics of these factors, which can exacerbate their stress and anxiety. Oftentimes, barriers are more to do with lack of information about the characteristics of the space prior to using it, which would otherwise allow students to plan ahead their journey to destinations and use of given spaces. A wayfinding aid that informs what to expect in spaces or pathways on campus would be a potential area for innovation, along with multiple services to comprehensively and flexibly cater to individual needs to alleviate sensory overload. Ongoing communications about barriers across campus by all users of the university campus would facilitate implementation of pragmatic solutions needed to address diverse needs existing in HEI.
The influence of selected compounds on the reaction between Human Serum Albumin and a model free radical
Authors: Rogóż Wojciech , Szczypta Julia , Owczarzy Aleksandra , Kulig Karolina , Maciążek-Jurczyk Małgorzata
Published: December 2024

Przedmiot badań: Albumina surowicy ludzkiej (ang.: Human Serum Albumin, HSA) to białko obecne w ludzkiej krwi, które pełni wiele istotnych funkcji. Bierze udział w transporcie różnorodnych ligandów i odgrywa istotną rolę w utrzymaniu równowagi oksydacyjno-redukcyjnej. Rezultatem wiązania ligandów przez HSA jest nie tylko ich transport, ale też zmiana struktury białka i jego aktywności biologicznej.
Cel badań: Celem pracy było zbadanie wpływu wiązania wybranych antyoksydantów oraz związków o potencjalnym działaniu antyoksydacyjnym (kofeina, kolchicyna, kwas salicylowy, kwas galusowy, kwas askorbinowy) z HSA na jej reakcję z modelowym wolnym rodnikiem DPPH.
Materiały i metody: Aby zrealizować przyjęty cel badań, przeprowadzono badania z użyciem spektroskopii dichroizmu kołowego w zakresie dalekiego i bliskiego nadfioletu.
Wyniki: Wykazano, że modelowy wolny rodnik DPPH może wywierać wpływ na drugorzędową strukturę HSA, bez względu na obecność uwzględnionych ligandów. Zmiana procentowej zawartości poszczególnych struktur drugorzędowych została również zaobserwowana w wyniku interakcji HSA z uwzględnionymi ligandami, za wyjątkiem kofeiny. Potwierdzono, że obecność DPPH w środowisku skutkuje zmianami na poziomie struktury trzeciorzędowej HSA w obszarach bogatych w reszty aminokwasów aromatycznych. Podobne efekty zaobserwowano w przypadku próbek HSA zawierających kolchicynę, kwas salicylowy i kwas askorbinowy. Z kolei kwas galusowy oraz kofeina wywierały wpływ na konformację obszarów bogatych w reszty tyrozyny (ang.: tyrosine, Tyr) i tryptofanu (ang.: tryptophan, Trp). Stwierdzono, że kwas galusowy tworząc kompleks z HSA, wywiera prawdopodobnie protekcyjny efekt względem białka, chroniąc jego strukturę trzeciorzędową przed zmianami wywołanymi reakcją rodnikową z DPPH.
Wnioski: Wykonane badania potwierdziły użyteczność spektroskopii dichroizmu kołowego
w badaniach nad reakcjami między wolnymi rodnikami a białkami lub kompleksami białko-ligand. Wykazany wpływ DPPH na konformację HSA może być prawdopodobnie ograniczony przez niektóre ligandy, takie jak kwas galusowy.
Approximated Variational Bayesian Inverse Reinforcement Learning for Large Language Model Alignment
Authors: Cai Yuang , Yuan Yuyu , Shi Jinsheng , Lin Qinhong
Published: December 2024

The alignment of large language models (LLMs) is crucial for generating helpful and harmless content. Existing approaches leverage preference-based human feedback data to learn the reward function and align the LLM with the feedback data. However, these approaches focus on modeling the reward difference between the chosen and rejected demonstrations, rather than directly modeling the true reward from each demonstration. Moreover, these approaches assume that the reward is only obtained at the end of the sentence, which overlooks the modeling of intermediate rewards. These issues lead to insufficient use of training signals in the feedback data, limiting the representation and generalization ability of the reward and potentially resulting in reward hacking. In this paper, we formulate LLM alignment as a Bayesian Inverse Reinforcement Learning (BIRL) problem and propose a novel training objective, Approximated Variational Alignment (AVA), to perform LLM alignment through Approximated Variational Reward Imitation Learning (AVRIL). The BIRL formulation facilitates intermediate reward modeling and direct reward modeling on each single demonstration, which enhances the utilization of training signals in the feedback data. Experiments show that AVA outperforms existing LLM alignment approaches in reward modeling, RL fine-tuning, and direct optimization.
A Contextual Fear Conditioning Paradigm in Head-Fixed Mice Exploring Virtual Reality
Authors: Krishnan Seetha , Dong Can , Ratigan Heather , Morales-Rodriguez Denisse , Cherian Chery , Sheffield Mark
Published: December 2024

Contextual fear conditioning is a classical laboratory task that tests associative memory formation and recall. Techniques such as multi-photon microscopy and holographic stimulation offer tremendous opportunities to understand the neural underpinnings of these memories. However, these techniques generally require animals to be head-fixed. There are few paradigms that test contextual fear conditioning in head-fixed mice, and none where the behavioral outcome following fear conditioning is freezing, the most common measure of fear in freely moving animals. To address this gap, we developed a contextual fear conditioning paradigm in head-fixed mice using virtual reality (VR) environments. We designed an apparatus to deliver tail shocks (unconditioned stimulus, US) while mice navigated a VR environment (conditioned stimulus, CS). The acquisition of contextual fear was tested when the mice were reintroduced to the shock-paired VR environment the following day. We tested three different variations of this paradigm and, in all of them, observed an increased conditioned fear response characterized by increased freezing behavior. This was especially prominent during the first trial in the shock-paired VR environment, compared to a neutral environment where the mice received no shocks. Our results demonstrate that head-fixed mice can be fear conditioned in VR, discriminate between a feared and neutral VR context, and display freezing as a conditioned response, similar to freely behaving animals. Furthermore, using a two-photon microscope, we imaged from large populations of hippocampal CA1 neurons before, during, and following contextual fear conditioning. Our findings reconfirmed those from the literature on freely moving animals, showing that CA1 place cells undergo remapping and show narrower place fields following fear conditioning. Our approach offers new opportunities to study the neural mechanisms underlying the formation, recall, and extinction of contextual fear memories. As the head-fixed preparation is compatible with multi-photon microscopy and holographic stimulation, it enables long-term tracking and manipulation of cells throughout distinct memory stages and provides subcellular resolution for investigating axonal, dendritic, and synaptic dynamics in real-time.
Směřování do Evropy – Česká republika a Evropská unie
Authors: Günter Burghardt
Published: December 2024

The Road to Europe – The Czech Republic and the European Union
Demokracie a mezinárodní vztahy
Authors: Alexandr Ort
Published: December 2024

Democracy and International Relations
Kanada, NATO a budoucnost transatlantické bezpečnosti
Authors: Kevin A. O'Brien  , Alex Morrison
Published: December 2024

Canada, NATO and the Future of Transatlantic Security
Korejská republika a možnosti její spolupráce se zeměmi pacifické oblast
Authors: Zdeněk Zbořil
Published: December 2024

nar. 1938, vystudoval Filozofickou fakultu Univerzity Karlovy. V roce 1971 byl z univerzityvyhozen. Odroku 1990 vyučuje politologii na Filozofické fakultě Univerzity Karlovy. Je členem redakční radyčasopisu Mezinárodní vztahy.
Tržní hospodářství a etika – etický pohled na hospodářství
Authors: Josef Thesing
Published: December 2024

Market Economy and Ethics – Ethical View on the Economy
Bezpečnost pro 90. léta
Authors: Světlana Havlíčková
Published: December 2024

Security studies for the 1990s. Ed. by Richard Shultz, Roy Godson, Ted Greenwood.McLean (USA),Brassey's 1993, 423 stran, ISBN 0-02-881072-4.
Sudetští Němci ve Spolkové republice Německo
Authors: Andreas Götze
Published: December 2024

The Sudeten Germans in the Federal Republic of Germany
O politické geografii, geopolitice a některých nectnostech
Authors: Zdeněk Zbořil
Published: December 2024

About Political Geography, Geopolitics and Some Vices
Německý volební systém
Authors: Ivona Řezanková
Published: December 2024

Wichard Woyke: Stichwort: Wahlen. Wiihler - Parteien - Wahlverfahren. Bundeszentrale für politischeBildung, Bonn 1994, 238 stran, ISBN 3-89331-191-2.
Informe de la Evolución de la Balanza de Pagos y de la Posición de Inversión Internacional - Tercer trimestre de 2024
Authors:   Subgerencia de Política Monetaria e Información Económica,   Departamento Técnico y de Información Económica,   Sección de Sector Externo
Published: December 2024

El resultado global de la balanza de pagos para el tercer trimestre de 2024 registra un déficit en cuenta corriente de USD 1.669 millones (m) equivalente a 1,6% del PIB trimestral, superior en USD 4 m y en 0,02 puntos porcentuales (pp.) del PIB con respecto al trimestre inmediatamente anterior. Por su parte, la cuenta financiera registró entradas netas de capital por USD 981 m equivalentes a 0,9% del PIB trimestral, inferiores en US$ 89 m y en 0,1 pp. del PIB frente a lo reportado un trimestre atrás. Se estimaron errores y omisiones por USD 688 m.

Para los primeros nueve meses de 2024, el déficit corriente del país se calcula en USD 5.325 m, inferior en USD 1.345 m y en 0,8 pp. del PIB respecto al mismo periodo de 2023. A su vez, la cuenta financiera, registró entradas netas de capital por USD 3.519 m, inferiores en USD 3.146 m y en 1,4 pp. del PIB frente a lo reportado un año atrás.

Con el propósito de suministrar información que permita comprender con mayor claridad la evolución reciente del sector externo colombiano, este boletín contiene tres partes: la primera describe la evolución de la balanza de pagos en el tercer trimestre de 2024 frente a lo ocurrido en el segundo trimestre de este año. La segunda parte presenta los resultados de los primeros nueve meses del presente año frente a los del mismo periodo de 2023. En la tercera parte se resumen los resultados de la posición de inversión internacional del país con corte a septiembre de 2024.
A Comparative Study on the Sea-heroes Narrative Structure between Game 'Dave the Diver' and 'Tale of Geotaji'
Authors:   Academic Association of Global Cultural Contents, Park Hanha , Chung Eunhye
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine the cultural originality of folktales and the media specificity of game narratives
by comparing and analyzing the narrative structures of digital games and Korean folktales. To this end, this study focused
on the fact that both the game  and  feature sea-heroes narratives that follow the
structure of a hero’s journey based in the sea. First, this study analyzes the universality inherent in games and folktales
through the structure of return between the sea and land and the occupational characteristics of the main character. In
Korean storytelling culture, the sea is assumed to be a space interrelated with the land, and sea heroes also perform
by utilizing acquired skills. And this study analyzes how archetypal folktales are transformed to fit the game medium.
The sea-heroes narrative appears as a structure of juxtaposition in which quest games are repeatedly performed through
the participation of players and quest narratives are continuously accumulated. In addition, the main character establishes
a dual identity by coexisting with his everyday appearance on land and extraordinary appearance under the sea.
The Politics of Space in Post-Apocalyptic Films
Authors:   Academic Association of Global Cultural Contents, Baek Hae-lin
Published: December 2024

Post-apocalypse describes a human society that has become lawless due to the collapse of the social system destroyed
after the destruction, and examines various elements of modern society such as human nature, desire, social system, and
power. Recently, Korean post-apocalyptic content has gained public sympathy by depicting political and social anxiety that
has long dominated Korean society, such as class inequality, corrupt power, and moral dilemmas. This study analyzed the
space in Korean post-apocalyptic content based on Henri Lefebvre's spatial theory. As a result, it was confirmed that
the apartment in  functions as a space for survival and a place where hierarchical power structures are
reproduced, which has the typical characteristics of the represented space described by Lefebvre. The space in the content is
not simply a tool that reflects reality, but can also function as a space for social criticism and resistance. Through space,
the content makes the audience face the inequality of modern society, the government's incompetence, and the contradictions
of capitalism, and implies that space is a tool that reinforces power and class. This shows that, as Lefebvre argued, space
functions as a product of power and a place that contains the possibility of resistance. In other words, the space in Korean
post-apocalyptic content is an important device that visually reproduces social structures and power relations. Through this
space, we can see that Korean post-apocalyptic content reflects the anxiety and conflict of modern society, and plays an important
role in forming and criticizing social discourse by visualizing the reproduction of power and hierarchical conflict.
A Study on the Spatial Characteristics of Immersive Theater Through Audience Experience: Focusing on ‘Sleep No More’ in Shanghai
Authors:   Academic Association of Global Cultural Contents, Chen Xuan , Kim InSul
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the spatial characteristics of the immersive theater Sleep No More in Shanghai, China, through
the lens of audience experiences. Employing Hermann Schmitz's spatial theory as the analytical framework, the research
adopts a qualitative case study approach, incorporating in-depth interviews with 15 participants. The analysis is grounded
in Schmitz's four spatial concepts yielding the following findings. First, as place-space, Sleep No More manifests as a practical
locus, redefining the theater as a novel spatial entity. It exhibits characteristics of authenticity, fragmentation, and subjectivity.
Second, directional-space emphasizes the diversity, discontinuity, and subjective agency of the audience through the energy
and texture of bodily actions, behaviors, and emotions. Third, emotional-space highlights the differentiated immersion of the
audience within the theater while simultaneously revealing contrasting confusion and an interactive quality bridging these
experiences. Fourth, extended-space, shaped by installations and technological elements, demonstrates features of traditionality
and constraint. In conclusion, the immersive theater challenges conventional theatrical norms, evolving through innovative spatial experiments and practices. This study provides empirical insights and implications regarding the audience's
spatial experiences in the context of immersive theater, offering a detailed analysis of Sleep No More as a specific case.
Strategies for Implementing Servicescape of K-POP Idol Pop-up Store
Authors:   Academic Association of Global Cultural Contents, Kim Seong Han , Park Ki Soo
Published: December 2024

This study is grounded in the recent surge in popularity of K-POP idol pop-up stores, highlighting the need to understand
how these spaces provide cultural experiences to fans and strengthen fandoms. The primary objective is to propose
strategies for implementing both physical and social service scapes in K-POP idol pop-up stores. In the research process,
the study emphasizes key elements of the physical scape, including locality, rarity, temporariness, convenience, aesthetics,
and safety. For the social scape, the focus is on enhancing the professionalism, responsiveness, and friendliness of staff,
as well as promoting customer similarity and appropriate behaviors through a deep understanding of fan culture to boost
interactions and a sense of belonging among fans. The research findings confirm that the proposed physical and social
scape strategies enhance the attractiveness of K-POP idol pop-up stores and improve visitors' experiences. However, the
study acknowledges a limitation in that it does not empirically examine visitors' behaviors or psychological factors. To
address this limitation, subsequent research should involve more in-depth analyses and a variety of case studies. The
significance of this study lies in providing practical implementation plans for pop-up store operators and assisting K-POP
pop-up stores in functioning as venues for cultural experiences. This, in turn, plays a crucial role in strengthening fandoms
and enhancing the value of idol brands.
Academic Voices: Continuing Professional Development for Teaching in Internationalized Classrooms
Authors: Weissova Lucie , Gregersen-Hermans Jeanine , Pantelic Darko
Published: December 2024

Contemporary HEIs are characterized by internationalized classrooms and diverse learning spaces that blend various linguistic and cultural backgrounds. Achieving the benefits of diversity falls short however, and challenges remain unaddressed since academics, central to unlocking the full potential of the international classroom, lack competence, resources, and tools. Despite universities offering CPD, these suffer from low enrollment and a high drop-out rate. A literature review confirms that the voice of academics has been neglected in designing CPD. We investigated the perceptions and needs of academics in the context of a medium-sized university in Sweden using a survey. The findings indicate that the design and delivery of CPD would benefit from adopting an andragogical approach. There is a valuable lesson for designers and deliverers of CPD in academia: listen to the needs of your audience, involve them in design and delivery, acknowledge their experience, and build collaborative learning opportunities.
Faculty Constructions of Internationalization
Authors: Al Furqani Said , Lomer Sylvie
Published: December 2024

This paper contributes to the growing scholarship on internationalization of higher education, particularly in non-Western contexts. Literature in non-Western contexts highlights tensions around adopting approaches seen as ‘global standard’ where these reflect inequalities of power and prestige, shaped by coloniality. Drawing on conclusions from a policy document analysis (Al Furqani, forthcoming), this study is based on a thematic analysis of interviews with 10 academic staff members within one college. This study explored how academics and leaders conceptualised internationalisation, and how they related these conceptualisations to their pedagogical practices in courses, interpreting their responses through a decolonial frame. Faculty expressed positivity towards internationalization in general and commitment to specific aspects such as global employability and competence. However, they also identified tensions, such as the prioritization of English over Arabic, lower value being placed on local forms of knowledge, reliance on globalized curricula and materials, and so on. These speak to implicit understandings of latent coloniality in institutional approaches to internationalization in Oman. These findings have wider relevance to other Arab Gulf countries, as well as to other non-Anglophone countries in the process of internationalizing.
The Role of Transformational Leadership in Building Teacher Commitment in Secondary Education
Authors: Aziziyah Atiyah , Sugiarto  , Rahmawati Desi
Published: December 2024

This study analyzes the principal's transformational leadership role in building teachers' commitment at SMA Labschool Jakarta. The research method used is a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. Researchers obtained primary data directly through observation, observation, and in-depth interviews with informants. The secondary data was obtained through documents, books, data, and transformational leadership activities of principals in building teacher commitment at SMA Labschool Jakarta. Data was collected through grandtour observations of teachers and principals, observations of schools, and teachers' and principals' interviews at SMA Labschool Jakarta. After the data were obtained, they were analyzed interactively and continuously until completion, which had several stages. The results of this study show that the principals serve as role models and influencers, motivating and inspiring their followers, encouraging innovation and reframing problems, and prioritizing the growth and achievement of their followers. Teachers' commitment is driven by their commitment to students, the workplace, teaching, and their profession. Thus, the principal of SMA Labschool Jakarta, who implements transformational leadership, can build teacher commitment. Moreover, principals should enhance personalized support for teachers by focusing on professional development and well-being and acknowledging their efforts. Regular assessments of the principal's leadership will allow teachers to give feedback on necessary adjustments within the school.
Strengthening Learning Priorities in the 21st Century: Review of Islamic Education Policy in Indonesia
Authors: Fandi Asy'arie Bima , Setiadi Agung Heru , Firdaus Mochammad , Mahdi Rijal , Mustofa Moh. Aly
Published: December 2024

This research aims to identify and describe how Islamic education policies in Indonesia can be improved to suit the learning needs of the 21st century. This research is a type of library research with a qualitative approach. Data was obtained from three sources “Google Scholar” “ScienceDirect” and “RISE.” The discussion in this research highlights and contributes to the formulation of Islamic education policy to prioritize 21st-century learning, which includes building a commitment to mastering basic literacy and numeracy skills, measuring learning periodically, accurately, and relevantly, aligning the system with learning commitments, supporting teachers in the teaching and learning process, and adapting approaches in taking education policies. Apart from that, the agenda for formulating Islamic education policies must focus on these five priorities while maintaining Islamic religious values as the primary foundation. This study shows the importance of reform policies that focus on the use of technology in Islamic education, improving teacher quality, and digital-based innovative learning. Therefore, Islamic education policies in Indonesia must be designed objectively to create a generation that produces graduates with cognitive intelligence, strong character and morals, spiritual strength, and intellectual qualities that can compete on the global stage.
Digital Literacy and Teaching Experience as Predictors of Pedagogical Competence in the Digital Era
Authors: Anggraini Theresia , Ahmad Masduki , Hanafi Ivan
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the influence of digital literacy and teaching experience on teachers' pedagogical competencies and essential skills, which are crucial for ensuring effective and high-quality learning processes. In the digital era, digital literacy empowers teachers to integrate technology into teaching, while teaching experience shapes their ability to manage classrooms and deliver effective instruction. Despite the increasing importance of these factors, there still needs to be a gap in understanding how they interact to enhance pedagogical competence. Data was gathered by administering questionnaires to 136 private senior high school teachers in the Cengkareng sub-district, who were chosen proportionately at random using a quantitative technique and multiple linear regression analysis. The findings indicate that digital literacy and teaching experience significantly influence teachers' pedagogical competence. These results underscore the importance of promoting digital literacy and fostering teaching experience as strategic measures to improve pedagogical competence. The study suggests that targeted professional development initiatives should enhance these factors to improve teaching effectiveness and ultimately elevate school learning outcomes.
Leveraging Artificial Intelligence Technology to Enhance Teacher Performance in Secondary Islamic Schools
Authors: Mayangsari Mey , Suwignya Putra Miftakhul Ilmi , Makmun Moh
Published: December 2024

This study aims to examine how Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology can be utilized to improve teacher performance at MTsN 1 Jombang. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with the type of field research where the researcher is directly involved in the research location and acts as the primary instrument. Data collection techniques were carried out in observation, documentation, and interviews. There are two data sources in this study, namely primary and secondary. Primary data is generated from interviews with the head of the madrasah, deputy head of curriculum, and six teachers at MTsN 1 Jombang. Simultaneously, secondary data is obtained from books, the internet, and scientific journals. Data analysis in this study went through three stages: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of this study show that implementing AI technology to support teacher performance at MTsN 1 Jombang is classified as good. This is reflected in the number of teachers who are helped with administrative tasks, teaching skills, creativity, and learning innovation by utilizing AI technology. Based on the data obtained, at MTsN 1 Jombang, implementing AI technology makes it more accessible. It increases the effectiveness and efficiency in completing various tasks, opening up opportunities for more creative learning innovations.
Khảo sát tuân thủ điều trị trên bệnh nhân đái tháo đường típ 2 điều trị ngoại trú tại bệnh viện Thống Nhất
Authors: Nguyễn Duy Long , Huỳnh Cẩm Nhi , Nguyễn Hồng Yến , Nguyễn Thắng Nhật Tuệ , Phạm Đình Quyết
Published: December 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Cấp cứu ngoài bệnh viện là một hoạt động từ khi nhận được thông tin cấp cứu cho đến khi vận chuyển người bệnh tới bệnh viện. Mạng lưới cấp cứu ngoài bệnh viện tại Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh gồm một Trung tâm Cấp cứu 115 và 34 trạm vệ tinh. Chưa có nhiều nghiên cứu các đặc điểm về cuộc gọi yêu cầu cấp cứu và trường hợp thực hiện cấp cứu ngoài bệnh viện tại Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh (TPHCM).

Mục tiêu: Xác định đặc điểm các trường hợp cấp cứu ngoại viện của người dân tại TP.HCM từ năm 2014 đến năm 2020 và dự đoán nhu cầu cấp cứu của người dân TP.HCM từ năm 2021 đến năm 2025.

Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu hồi cứu và phân tích chuỗi thời gian, thu thập số liệu từ tháng 01/2014 đến tháng 12/2020. Toàn bộ các trường hợp yêu cầu cấp cứu của người dân trong giai đoạn này thu thập từ số “Tiếp nhận và điều phối cấp cứu cấp cứu” của Tổng đài 115 được đưa vào phân tích. Nghiên cứu thu thập các biến số về lý do gọi cấp cứu (gồm 33 lý do) và các biến số về thời gian kích hoạt cấp cứu, thời gian tiếp cận hiện trường. Dự báo nhu cầu cấp cứu của người dân theo ngày từ năm 2021-2025 được thực hiện bằng mô hình ARIMA và so sánh với mô hình Exponential Smoothing thông qua quan sát và các chỉ số thống kê (AICc, MAPE, MRSE).

Kết quả: Có 128.208 trường hợp thực hiện cấp cứu, trong đó bệnh nhân nam giới chiếm 52,8%, có đến 69,1% là người trên 50 tuổi, chủ yếu (70%) vào khung giờ từ 8-23 giờ, các quận trung tâm Thành phố có cuộc gọi cấp cứu lớn hơn các quận, huyện ngoại thành. Có 5 lý do yêu cầu cấp cứu phổ biến nhất phân loại theo hệ thống điều phối ưu tiên là: tai nạn giao thông (20,3%), rối loạn tri giác (13,4%), khó thở (13%), té ngã (7,8%), và cuộc gọi triệu chứng (7,8%). Ngưng tim và đột quỵ lần lượt là 0,85% và 4%. Khoảng thời gian kích hoạt cấp cứu và thời gian tiếp cận hiện trường (TB±ĐLC) lần lượt là 2,7±1,7 phút và 15,9±6,9 phút. Sử dụng mô hình SARIMA để dự đoán trung bình trường hợp cấp cứu theo ngày (KTC 95%) của các năm 2021 là 93 (76-112); 2022 là 103 (73-133); 2023 là 113 (71-154); 2024 là 122(70-171); 2025 là 132 (69-195) trường hợp/ngày.

Kết luận: Trường hợp cấp cứu được thực hiện chủ yếu người trên 50 tuổi, và khung giờ 8-23 giờ, năm lý do cấp cứu ngoại viện nhiều nhất là tai nạn giao thông, rối loạn tri giác, khó thở, té ngã, và cuộc gọi triệu chứng. Số trường hợp yêu cầu cấp cứu được dự báo là tăng theo từng năm.

Từ khoá: cấp cứu ngoài bệnh viện; cấp cứu trước viện; đặc điểm; dự báo nhu cầu cấp cứu; SARIMA
The revised Approved Instructional Resources score: An improved quality evaluation tool for online educational resources
Authors: Grock Andrew , Jordan Jaime , Zaver Fareen , Colmers-Gray Isabelle N , Krishnan Keeth , Chan Teresa M. , Thoma Brent
Published: December 2024

Background

Free Open‐Access Medical education (FOAM) use among residents continues to rise. However, it often lacks quality assurance processes and residents receive little guidance on quality assessment. The Academic Life in Emergency Medicine Approved Instructional Resources tool (AAT) was created for FOAM appraisal by and for expert educators and has demonstrated validity in this context. It has yet to be evaluated in other populations.

Objectives

We assessed the AAT’s usability in a diverse population of practicing emergency medicine (EM) physicians, residents, and medical students; solicited feedback; and developed a revised tool.

Methods

As part of the Medical Education Translational Resources: Impact and Quality (METRIQ) study, we recruited medical students, EM residents, and EM attendings to evaluate five FOAM posts with the AAT and provide quantitative and qualitative feedback via an online survey. Two independent analysts performed a qualitative thematic analysis with discrepancies resolved through discussion and negotiated consensus. This analysis informed development of an initial revised AAT, which was then further refined after pilot testing among the author group. The final tool was reassessed for reliability.

Results

Of 330 recruited international participants, 309 completed all ratings. The Best Evidence in Emergency Medicine (BEEM) score was the component most frequently reported as difficult to use. Several themes emerged from the qualitative analysis: for ease of use—understandable, logically structured, concise, and aligned with educational value. Limitations include deviation from questionnaire best practices, validity concerns, and challenges assessing evidence‐based medicine. Themes supporting its use include evaluative utility and usability. The author group pilot tested the initial revised AAT, revealing a total score average measure intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of moderate reliability (ICC = 0.68, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0 to 0.962). The final AAT’s average measure ICC was 0.88 (95% CI = 0.77 to 0.95).

Conclusions

We developed the final revised AAT from usability feedback. The new score has significantly increased usability, but will need to be reassessed for reliability in a broad population.
Going Viral and Interacting with the Press
Authors: L. Bigham Blair , Chan Teresa M.
Published: December 2024

Social media provides a strong platform for a scholar, scientist, or advocate to deliver a message to a targeted audience. Although tweets and posts may be intended for specific audiences, like clinicians or learners, social media activity may also attract the attention of mainstream media.

Occasionally, a social media message may resonate beyond the forecasted audience and “go viral,” or a message may be of a nature where a broad audience is desired. In these cases, the content creator may wish to engage with, or might be approached by, media outlets to share a story beyond 140 characters. It is important, then, for social media content creators to have an approach to engaging with reporters.
Predicting the evolutionary unfolding from virus to multicellular sexually reproducing organisms
Authors: Witting Lars
Published: December 2024

Evolution on Earth produced larger and larger lifeforms with across-generation gene replication increasingly embedded in more and more organised replicating units. Natural selection theory did not explain this evolutionary unfolding for almost 150 years, consolidating Darwinian evolution as a contingent diversifying, rather than force-driven directional, process. I review recent selection theory that predicts the evolutionary unfolding of the major lifeforms, and the allometric scaling of their life histories, from the population dynamic force of the density-frequency-dependent interactive competition that unfolds from a continued selection increase in the net energy that organisms use for replication. This argues for a radical change in evolutionary biology, and I begin by discussing the macro evolutionary pattern of lifeforms in relation to the historical development of natural selection theory. I then describe the unfolding selection and discuss its evolutionary implications, focussing on the importance of population dynamic feedback processes in natural selection.
Wayang’s Images Recognition using Vision Transformer
Authors: Sihananto Andreas Nugroho , Al Haromainy Muhammad Muharrom , Fauzi Zaky Ahmad , Reza Reno Alfa , Putra Gredy Christian Hendrawan , Christianty Theressa Marry
Published: December 2024

Due to its complex nature and outdated perception, Wayang is a traditional Indonesian art form influenced by Hindu-Buddhism. However, it is difficult for the younger generation to recognize the various types of Wayang. In an effort to preserve Wayang culture, this study evaluates the performance of four deep learning models in recognizing types of Wayang namely, Vision Transformer (ViT), ResNet34, YOLOv5-cls, and YOLOv8-cls. These models were trained and assessed using a dataset of 232 images representing six Wayang types and using matrix such as accuracy, recall, precision, and F1 score. ViT demonstrated efficiency and adaptability despite high computational requirements, achieving the best accuracy (91.3%), showing high adaptability despite substantial computational requirements. Meanwhile, YOLOv5-cls and YOLOv8-cls offered a good balance betwwen accuracy and efficiency. This study suggest that deep learning models can play an essentialrole in Wayang by enhancing recognition accessibility, thus helping younger generations appreciate this tradisional art form.
Management Control System Backbone in a CPA Firm: Middle Managers and the Power of Cultural Control
Authors: Saputra Jesslyn Elaine , Efferin Sujoko
Published: December 2024

This research aims to broaden the understanding of the middle manager's role in the management control system, particularly in mediating the relationship between superiors and subordinates. The methods employed in this research are an interpretive paradigm with interview, observation, and document analysis data collection methods. Findings indicate that middle managers at the CPA X play a crucial role in addressing ignorance, inability, and unwillingness in the company. Although there are no formal controls, role dissonance among middle managers is minimal due to the presence of strong cultural controls. Cultural control can compensate for other forms of control, thus minimizing the occurrence of role dissonance experienced by the manager of CPA Firm X. This research provides insight into the importance of middle managers' role in fulfilling their function as an intermediary in the management control system aimed at aligning the goals of top management with operational employees.
Sustaining Government Internal Auditor Performance: A Mixed Method Study
Authors: Hwee Teng Sauh , Nasution Siti Aisyah
Published: December 2024

Both public and private organizations in the modern era greatly value the services of auditors since the outcomes of their decisions can reveal an organizations transparency. To ensure no errors are made when evaluating an organization, an auditor needs to be competent and independent in attitude. This study aims to analyze and examine the factors that influence time budget pressure, independence, and competence on internal auditor performance in BPKP North Sumatera. Research is being conducted using an applied mixed-methods approach. All BPKP North Sumatera auditors are included in the research population for both the qualitative and quantitative sections. Purposive sampling was used to select six audit managers and staff for the qualitative section research sample and to select fifty-five people for the quantitative section study sample. The data was analyzed with Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results of this study indicate that time budget pressure, independence and competence have significant effects on the internal auditor performances. Meanwhile, motivation had no effect on the performance of the internal auditor in BPKP North Sumatra. Motivation is proven to be able to mediate the effect of independence on auditor performance. Motivation is unable to mediate the effect of time budget pressure and competence on the internal auditor performances in BPKP North Sumatera. The study findings suggest that internal auditors should be considered when evaluating government sector audits and that they should be provided with information to help government internal auditors maintain and enhance audit quality.
Upaya Meningkatkan Rasa Nasionalisme Siswa Dengan Mengenalkan Tokoh Ir Soekarno Sebagai Pejuang Kemerdekaan Indonesia
Authors: Az-Zahra Aisyah Hilwa , Supriyono Supriyono , Afghani Shalma Herwinadira Afghani , Niamala Ajmi , Ferawati Rizki , Aprilia Putri Sabrina
Published: December 2024

Rasa nasionalisme adalah sebuah rasa dimana kesetiaan seseorang diberikan atau diabdikan langsung kepada bangsa dan negara. Dari rasa nasionalisme, seseorang akan memiliki rasa solidaritas, semangat gotong royong dan rela berkorban. Mengenal tokoh Soekarno merupakan salah satu cara menghargai seorang pahlawan, dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunaakan metode kuantitatif menggunakan skala guttman untuk mengetahui apakah dengan mengenal perjuangan seseorang dalam membela dan mempertahankan bangsa dan negaranya dapat meningkatkan rasa nasionalisme seseorang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, yaitu sebanyak 20 orang siswa sebagai sampel dari 69 siswa kelas 3 MMI penulis mendapatkan hasil bahwa 74,5% siswa menyatakan bahwa rasa nasionalisme mereka meningkat setelah mengenal tokoh Ir Soekarno sebagai pejuang kemerdekaan bangsa dan negaranya.
Kata kunci : Rasa Nasionalisme, Ir Soekarno
PERAN INDUSTRI RUMAHAN ALKOHOL SEBAGAI PENGUATAN IDENTITAS DAERAH SERTA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT (STUDI MASYARAKAT DESA BEKONANG KABUPATEN SUKOHARJO)
Authors: Tinandi Wihan Aria , Trisiana Anita , Wartoyo Wartoyo
Published: December 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk: 1) Untuk mengetahui peran industri rumahan alkohol sebagai upaya penguatan identitas daerah serta untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat di desa Bekonang kabupaten Sukoharjo; 2) Untuk menganalisis faktor pendukung dan penghambat di industri rumahan alkohol sebagai upaya penguatan identitas daerah serta untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat di desa Bekonang kabupaten Sukoharjo; 3) Untuk menganalisis upaya pelaksanaan industri rumahan alkohol sebagai upaya penguatan identitas daerah serta untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat di desa Bekonang kabupaten Sukoharjo.
Bentuk penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Strategi penelitian ini menggunakan strategi studi kasus. Subjek dalam penelitian ini antara lain pemilik industri rumahan alkohol, masyarakat Desa Bekonang, dan Kelurahan Desa Bekonang. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah sumber data primer dan sumber data sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Uji keabsahan dilakukan dengan triangulasi sumber dan triangulasi metode. Data dalam penelitian ini dianalisis menggunakan teknik deskriptif kualitatif dengan model model analisis interaktif.
Hasil Penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa: 1) Industri rumahan alkohol di Bekonang, Sukoharjo, memperkuat identitas daerah dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan melalui tradisi, lapangan kerja, dan ekonomi desa; 2) Faktor pendukungnya adalah warisan budaya, bahan baku, keahlian, dukungan pemerintah, dan akses pasar. Hambatannya termasuk regulasi, persaingan, pemasaran, perilaku konsumen, serta keterbatasan modal dan infrastruktur; 3) Upaya pelaksanaan industri rumahan alkohol yaitu Kolaborasi pemerintah, produsen, dan masyarakat meningkatkan kualitas produk, pelatihan, dan memanfaatkan pasar.
 
Kata Kunci: Industri Rumahan, Alkohol, Identitas Daerah, Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN PANCASILA MENGGUNAKAN SITUS WEB KODULAR PADA MATERI HAK DAN KEWAJIBAN (STUDI FASE E SMA NEGERI 1 TERAS)
Authors: Ardiansyah Farhan Ahmad , Wijianto Wijianto , Noventari Widya
Published: December 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) Mengembangkan media pembelajaran Pendidikan Pancasila menggunakan situs web Kodular, dan (2) Mengukur tingkat kelayakan media pembelajaran Pendidikan Pancasila menggunakan situs web Kodular yang dikembangkan pada materi hak dan kewajiban di lingkungan sekolah dan masyarakat pada elemen NKRI Fase E di SMA Negeri 1 Teras dengan luaran media pembelajaran berupa aplikasi smartphone android. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian pengembangan dengan menerapkan model Sukmadinata yang terdiri tahap studi pendahuluan, pengembangan, pengujian. Sumber data adalah guru dan siswa SMA Negeri 1 Teras, dosen validator. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara,angket dan tes.  Uji validitas data menggunakan penilaian validasi dari validator ahli. Hasil penelitian : (1) Hasil pengembangan media pembelajaran mendapatkan respon siswa pada uji terbatas yaitu â€œsangat baikâ€ dengan skor 83.6, dan 95.1 yang berarti â€œsangat baikâ€ pada uji luas. Nilai pretest dan posttest menunjukkan peningkatan rata-rata nilai 12,1 % dan mendapatkan skor N-gain 0.75 yang berarti media berkategori tinggi. (2) Kelayakan materi memperoleh  kriteria â€œlayakâ€ dengan skor 80 dan media memperoleh kriteria â€œsangat layakâ€ dengan skor 98 . Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan dari segi materi layak dan media sangat layak sebagai media pembelajaran.
Kata Kunci : media pembelajaran, kodular, pendidikan pancasila
Membangun Karakter Bangsa: Peran Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan dalam Pembentukan Generasi Berkualitas
Authors: Murtiningsih Ika , Untari Aryanti Dwi , Luthfi Zaky Farid
Published: December 2024

Abstrak
Tujuan penelitian ini yakni mengetahui peran pendidikan kewarganegaraan untuk membangun karakter bangsa dalam pembentukan generasi berkualitas. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan studi literatur (literature study) yang bertujuan untuk menyusun dasar teoritis dan konsep problematika yang diteliti yang merujuk pada buku, artikel ilmiah, dan penelitian lainnya yang dipublikasikan. Hasil penelitian berkaitan dengan peran Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan mempunyai peran yang strategis dalam membangun karakter bangsa, karena melalui pendidikan ini nilai-nilai dasar kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara dapat ditanamkan sejak dini. Karakter bangsa yang kokoh dan tangguh dibentuk oleh internalisasi nilai-nilai seperti nasionalisme, tanggung jawab sosial, keadilan, serta toleransi. Hasil nyata dari pembangunan karakter bangsa adalah terciptanya generasi yang memiliki rasa kebangsaan yang tinggi, mampu menghargai keberagaman, dan memiliki semangat gotong royong. Selain itu, pembangunan karakter juga membentuk individu yang berpikir kritis, inovatif, serta adaptif terhadap perkembangan global, tanpa kehilangan jati diri sebagai negara Indonesia. Hal ini sejalan dengan visi "Profil Pelajar Pancasila" yang menekankan pentingnya integritas, kemandirian, dan kemampuan untuk bekerja sama dalam menghadapi berbagai dinamika sosial dan global.