bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AT-TASHAWWURUL-ISLĀMIY: INTEGRASI SASTRA ARAB DAN ISLAM
Authors: Hikmawati Hanifah
Published: February 2019

Hubungan antara sastra arab dan Islam sangat dekat. Hal ini ditandai dengan adanya peradaban khazanah sastra Arab sejak periode Al-Ja<hiliy hingga Islam tersebar. Sejak itu, kegiatan bersastra bagi bangsa Arab menjadi sarana adat dan kebiasaan sehari-hari. Lalu ketika Islam datang menjadi penyeru agama kebenaran, sastra Arab menjadi semakin meluas dengan munculnya syair-syair bernafas Islami sebagai sarana dakwah. Kehadiran sastra Arab dalam kehidupan umat Islam telah merubah pola pikir dan perilaku masa jahiliy menuju perilaku yang lebih baik dengan menerapkan akhlaqul-karimah. Salah satunya adalah pemikiran sastra Islam yang dipelopori Abdurrahman Ra’fat Al-Basya dengan konsep at-tashawwurul Isla<miy. Artikel ini menggunakan metode analisis deskripsi untuk memaparkan wilayah objek sastra Arab dan Islam sebagai corak esensi pada wilayah objek seni dan kehidupan yang diungkap dari jiwa yang penuh iman dan mengeksploirasi dengan penuh keimanan. Pemikiran Al-Basya dijadikan teori sebagai pisau analisis dalam mengurai pemaparan sastra Arab dalam keterkaitannya dengan Islam. Beberapa puisi dari tokoh-tokoh sufi menjadi potret kekayaan sastra Islam dalam masyarakat Arab. Artikel ini sekaligus menjadi tambahan wawasan terkait kedudukan sastra Islam di era globalisasi. 
Celebrating 30 Years Anniversary of JRM Publication
Authors: Yamafuji Kazuo ,   The founding Editor-in-Chief, The University of Electro-Communications, Japan
Published: February 2019

The Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics (JRM) is celebrating its thirtieth anniversary since its establishment in June 1989. As the founding Editorin-Chief, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to all the people and organizations that have helped in making JRM a success.

Although founded in Japan, our primary objective was to provide a global platform for facilitating the publication of research work comprising outstanding results and novel information regarding robotics and mechatronics. Encouraged by the emphatic support received from several prominent researchers and engineers in numerous countries, including the United States of America and European countries, our team decided to launch JRM.

It is now our aim to develop JRM into a highly ranked international journal. I sincerely hope that more academicians and engineers will participate in JRM’s development process by contributing their valuable feedback, research results, and technical information.

Kazuo Yamafuji
Development of SCARA Robots
Authors: Yamafuji Kazuo ,   The University of Electro-Communications 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
Published: February 2019

The presentation on SIGMA robot for assembly by A. d’Auria at the 7th International Symposium on Industrial Robots (ISIR) held in Tokyo in October 1977 made an immense impact on engineers studying assembly automation in Japan. The 1970s witnessed the shift from the mass production of a few types to limited production of a wide variety of products in Japan, and research started for a production system with a quick response to a given type of products and change in a quantity of production. Professor Hiroshi Makino of Yamanashi University was stimulated by SIGMA and got an idea for a robot with Selective Compliance Assembly Robot Arms (SCARA) and started working on the design for prototype 1 two months after the presentation. Further, he organized the SCARA Robot Consortium with Yamanashi University and thirteen domestic companies for three years, from April 1978 to March 1981, and had success in the development and spread of the SCARA robot in the assembly work. After the 1980s, the SCARA robot became one of the de facto standards of industrial robots in the world. In 2019, it is estimated that the SCARA robots will compromise 30% or more of industrial robots working all over the world. The author was one member of a research group as an associate professor, in Yamanashi University, and believes that it is extremely effective to discuss the needs for research and development of the SCARA robot and technological solutions thirty years after the establishment of JRM.
Development of Myoelectric Robotic/Prosthetic Hands with Cybernetic Control at the Biological Systems Engineering Laboratory, Hiroshima University
Authors: Tsuji Toshio , Shibanoki Taro , Nakamura Go , Furui Akira ,   Hiroshima University 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan,   Ibaraki University 4-12-1 Nakanaursawacho, Hitachi 316-8511, Japan,   Robot Rehabilitation Center, Hyogo Institute of Assistive Technology 1070 Akebonocho, Nishiku, Kobe 651-2181, Japan
Published: February 2019

This review introduces our developed robotic/prosthetic hands and explains the myoelectric control of the robotic hand with five fingers, which is based on muscle synergy and a motion generation model. To realize a “human-like” robotic hand, it is necessary to fully understand the inherent features of human as well as machine and take a complementary approach with hardware that incorporates advanced engineering technology and software that is compatible with a living body.
Research and Development of Rehabilitation Systems for the Upper Limbs “PLEMO” Series
Authors: Furusho Junji , Takesue Naoyuki ,   Fuzzy Logic Systems Institute 680-41 Kawatsu, Iizuka-shi, Fukuoka 820-0067, Japan,   Tokyo Metropolitan University 6-6 Asahigaoka, Hino-shi, Tokyo 191-0065, Japan
Published: February 2019

The human brain has excellent plasticity in terms of recovery from a stroke. It is expected that neurorehabilitation using an apparatus that applies robotic and virtual reality technology has rehabilitation training effects on stroke patients. Rehabilitation of the upper limbs consists of rehabilitation for shoulders and elbows, and rehabilitation of the fingers and wrists. Both rehabilitations are necessary to improve activities of daily living. Many rehabilitation systems for shoulders and elbows have been effective thus far. In this review, we introduce rehabilitation systems for the shoulders, elbows, and wrists of the upper limbs “PLEMO” series using force presentation technology with brakes. Rehabilitation systems using brakes are essentially safe unlike rehabilitation systems using actuators.
Sliding Mode Control for Vibration Comfort Improvement of a 7-DOF Nonlinear Active Vehicle Suspension Model
Authors: Yang Zhiyong , Liang Shan , Zhou Yu , Zhao Di ,   Department of Information Engineering, Chongqing Vocational Institute of Engineering No.1 North-South Avenue, Jiangjin, Chongqing 402260, China,   College of Automation, Chongqing University No.174 Shazhengjie, Shapingba, Chongqing 400044, China,   Department of Finance and Trade, Chongqing Vocational Institute of Engineering No.1 North-South Avenue, Jiangjin, Chongqing 402260, China,   School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications No.10 Xitucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100876, China
Published: February 2019

Owing to the presence of nonlinear elements of a vehicle, when the vehicle goes through a rough-road-surface, such as consecutive speed control humps (SCHs), unexpected vibrations will exist in vehicle suspension systems, such as chaos, bifurcation, and quasi-periodic so on. In this paper, we first study the possibility of chaotic vibration of the seven degree-of-freedom (7-DOF) full vehicle model under consecutive SCHs on the highway. Then, a non-chattering sliding mode control method is proposed. The effectiveness of the sliding mode control method for the nonlinear vibration control of the vehicle suspension model is verified by numerical simulation. By comparing the changes in the vibration amplitude of the vehicle in the same velocity region before and after the control, we determine whether the ride comfort is improved. The results show that not only is the system’s chaos vibration effectively controlled, but also the ride comfort is significantly improved. The results can be applied in the design of a vehicle and in pavement of road humps.
One-DOF Wire-Driven Robot Assisting Both Hip and Knee Flexion Motion
Authors: Miyake Tamon , Kobayashi Yo , Fujie Masakatsu G. , Sugano Shigeki ,   Graduate School of Creative Science and Engineering, Waseda University 2-4-12 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-0072, Japan,   Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University 1-3 Machikaneyama, Osaka 560-8531, Japan,   Future Robotics Organization, Waseda University 2-4-12 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-0072, Japan,   Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University 2-4-12 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-0072, Japan
Published: February 2019

Gait assistance robots are used to improve gait performance ability or perform gait motion with an assistance for several articular motions. The sparing use of a gait assistance robot to decrease the duration of the robot’s assistance is important for keeping the ability to perform a movement when the robot assists walking. In previous research, methods of ensuring a compliance mechanism and control method have been studied, and assistance for articular motions has been conducted independently using actuators corresponding to each articular motion. In this paper, we propose a wire-driven gait assistance robot to aid both hip and knee articular flexion motions by applying just one force to assist motion in the swing phase. We focused on a force that assists hip and knee flexion motion, and designed a robot with a compensation mechanism for the wire length. We used an assistance timing detection method for the robot, conducting tensile force control based on information from the hip, knee, and ankle angles. We carried out an experiment to investigate the controlled performance of the proposed robot and the effect on hip and knee angular velocity. We confirmed that the proposed robotic system can aid both hip and knee articular motion with just one force application.
Design of a Flexibly-Constrained Revolute Pair with Non-Linear Stiffness for Safe Robot Mechanisms
Authors: Kimura Naoto ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan, Iwatsuki Nobuyuki , Ikeda Ikuma
Published: February 2019

A revolute pair with a flexible translational constraint on a plane is proposed as simple mechanism for safe robots. The mechanism is composed of two pairing elements, one with a circular and one with a cam profile that are connected by a linear spring. Flexible translational constraint is generated by spring forces and the reaction force between the two pairing elements. Two methods for designing the cam profile are proposed in order to implement the specified non-linear stiffness in the flexible constraint. Design examples with various stiffness characteristics are shown. Some prototypes are fabricated, and it is confirmed that they perform as designed. As an application, a flexible, underactuated link mechanism with the proposed pairs is synthesized, and its flexibility and kinematic performance are investigated.
Relocating the Ilokano Women Writers of Nueva Vizcaya
Authors: Velasco Lovella G.
Published: February 2019

The study attempts to empower ordinary women writers from the region who are considered to be in the peripheries. The bibliographic building of the foremost Ilokano women writers of Nueva Vizcaya who remain unaccounted and missing in Philippine literature will promote the woman presence in the nation and their place in Philippine literature, while the criticism of their retrieved and collected published short stories written in the vernacular, Iluko, will intensify the relevance of Iluko as regional literature and as a language. Consequently, the study will contribute to the growing body of feminist studies and literary criticism in the Philippines today. Results of the study showed that these four Ilokano women writers who are unknown and neglected in the region and in Philippine literature have a significant socio-cultural impact and contributed to the refinement, enrichment, and general development of their language and literature; literature being the grandeur of language and language the carrier of culture. The short stories of the Ilokano women writers present the unique Ilokano ways, traditions and cultures and the concepts of Ilokano woman and womanhood embedded with their traditional images and representations but also claim the idea of equality between man and woman. It might be construed that Ilokano women and the women writers were not fully contaminated at all with the patriarchal ideology and don’t adhere and have bent and even dismantled patriarchy, or even the attempt to overcome and change this ideology. The Ilokano women writers showed through their short stories, that they have sustained their unique cultural identity despite the impact of colonization. The general awareness and recognition of these regional women writers and their literary pieces would bring a ripple effect to the younger women of the region who would continue to change and overcome the tainted image of the third world regional women writer and women in general, and bringing them no longer to the peripheries but to the center.
Negative pressure pulmonary edema: a case report
Authors: Xiong Jun , Sun Yongxing
Published: February 2019

Background: The negative pressure pulmonary edema is rare clinical situation which caused mainly by upper airway obstruction. However the present case was without obvious upper airway obstruction, so we suspected there were other culprits combined with the mild upper airway obstruction to produce the negative pressure pulmonary edema.
Case presentation: This case was a 5-year-old girl with tumor on saddle area, her hormones level were abnormal preoperatively, such as cortison, adrenocorticotrophic hormone, free T4 and total T4. During the stage of induction, negative pressure pulmonary edema took place due to the mild upper airway obstruction. And the instant chest Computer tomography proved the diagnosis. After intensive care, mostly lung field of the girl recovered to the normal within 48 hours.
Conclusion: The patient with abnormal hormone levels is vulnerable to pulmonary edema, although there is no obvious upper airway obstruction. Thus pre-operation hormones supplement is as important as keeping the upper airway unobstructed.
Keywords: Negative pressure pulmonary edema, hypocortisolism, hypothyroidea, obstructive sleep apnea.
Tau polarimetry in B meson decays
Authors: Alonso Rodrigo , Martin Camalich Jorge , Westhoff Susanne
Published: February 2019

This article summarizes recent developments in
B\to D^{(\ast)}\tau\nuB→D(*)τν
decays. We explain how to extract the tau lepton’s production properties
from the kinematics of its decay products. The focus is on hadronic tau
decays, which are most sensitive to the tau polarizations. We present
new results for effects of new physics in tau polarization observables
and quantify the observation prospects at BELLE II.
Test lepton flavor universality with (semi)leptonic $D$ decays at BESIII
Authors: Zhang Sifan
Published: February 2019

Using 2.93 fb^{-1}−1
data taken at \sqrt{s}=3.773s=3.773 GeV,
0.482 fb^{-1}−1
data taken at \sqrt{s}=4.009s=4.009 GeV
and 3.19 fb^{-1}−1
data taken at \sqrt{s}=4.178s=4.178 GeV
with the BESIII detector, precision measurements of the branching
fractions of D^0\to K^-\mu^+\nu_\muD0→K−μ+νμ,
D^+\to\bar K^0\mu^+\nu_\muD+→K‾0μ+νμ,
D^0\to\pi^-\mu^+\nu_\muD0→π−μ+νμ,
D^+\to\pi^0\mu^+\nu_\muD+→π0μ+νμ,
D^+\to\ell^+\nu_\ellD+→ℓ+νℓ
and D_s^+\to\ell^+\nu_\ellDs+→ℓ+νℓ
are performed. Combining the known branching fractions of
D\to\bar Ke^+\nu_eD→K‾e+νe,
D\to\pi e^+\nu_eD→πe+νe
and D^+_s\to\tau^+\nu_\tauDs+→τ+ντ,
we have tested the lepton flavor universality with
D\to\bar K\ell^+\nu_\ellD→K‾ℓ+νℓ,
D\to\pi\ell^+\nu_\ellD→πℓ+νℓ,
D^+\to\ell^+\nu_\ellD+→ℓ+νℓ
and D_{s}^+\to\ell^+\nu_\ellDs+→ℓ+νℓ
decays. We have also tested lepton flavor universality in different
q_{\ell\nu_\ell}^2qℓνℓ2
intervals for D\to\bar K\ell^+\nu_\ellD→K‾ℓ+νℓ (\ell=eℓ=e
or \muμ).
Besides, hadronic form factor f_+^K(0)f+K(0),
DD
meson decay constant f_{D_s^+}fDs+
and f_{D^+}fD+,
and quark mixing matrix element |V_{cs}||Vcs|
and |V_{cd}||Vcd|
are also extracted with the most precise accuracies to date.
Measurements of Higgs-boson decays to leptons with the ATLAS detector
Authors: Schildgen Lara Katharina
Published: February 2019

Since its discovery in 2012, the Higgs boson has served as an
important probe for precision measurements of the Standard Model and for
searches for new physics beyond the Standard Model. One major goal of
the LHC is the precise measurement of the Higgs Yukawa couplings to
fermions. The latest ATLAS results of measurements of the Higgs boson
decaying to leptons are presented, namely the cross-section measurement
of the Higgs boson decay to two tau leptons and the searches for the
di-muon decay and lepton-flavour-violating decays of the Higgs
boson.
One-Pot Synthesis of Substituted Phthalazine-5,10-dione Derivatives in the Presence of Triflate Catalyst
Authors: TURHAN Kadir
Published: February 2019

In
this study, substituted 1H-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-diones which are
considered that may possess biological activity have been obtained via one-pot
multi-component cyclocondensation reaction of phthalhydrazide, aromatic
aldehydes and malononitrile catalyzed in the presence of Cu(OTf)2 in
very good yields and short times. The structures of all these synthesized
compounds (4a-f) have been determined and characterized by infrared, nuclear
magnetic resonance, mass spectral data, and elemental analysis.
Pentacene/n-Si Heteroeklem Aygıtlarının Yapımı ve Karakterizasyonu
Authors: ÇALDIRAN Zakir
Published: February 2019

Bu çalışmada organik yarıiletken özellik
gösteren pentacene malzemesi kullanılarak elde edilen doğrultucu kontakların
elektriksel özellikleri incelendi. İlk olarak n-Si bir yüzeyine termal
buharlaştırma yöntemi ile Al metali kaplandı ve 450 °C de 10 dakika tavlanarak
omik kontak elde edildi. Daha sonra termal buharlaştırma yöntemi ile n-Si
yarıiletkeninin diğer yüzeyine Pentacene organik filmi kaplandı. Son olarak
elektriksel ölçümler için DC saçtırma yöntemi ile Pentacene üzerine Ni
kaplanarak daire şeklinde sekiz farklı kontak elde edildi. Ni/Pentacene/n-Si/Al
heteroeklem aygıtlarının oda sıcaklığında ve karanlıkta I-V (Akım Voltaj)
ölçümleri yapıldı. TE teorisi kullanılarak yapılan hesaplamalardan elde edilen
aygıtların benzer karakteristik özelliklere sahip olduğu görülmüştür. D1
numaralı Ni/Pentacene/n-Si/Al heteroeklem aygıtı 0.83 eV engel yüksekliği ve
1.41 idealite faktörü ile Schottky davranış göstermiştir. Ayrıca Cheung ve
Norde fonksiyonları gibi farklı metotlar kullanılarak engel yüksekliği ve
idealite faktörü ile beraber D1 numaralı Ni/Pentacene/n-Si/Al heteroeklem
aygıtının seri direnç değerleri de (Rs) hesaplanmıştır.
Assessment of Yield and Quality of Some Triticale Genotypes in South-Eastern Anatolia
Authors: KIZILGEÇİ Ferhat
Published: February 2019

This
research was conducted to assess of yield and its component in different
locations some triticale genotypes. The field experiment was arranged to the
randomized complete block design with four replications during the 2012-13
growing seasons under Diyarbakir and Mardin ecological conditions. Three
triticale cultivars (Ege Yildizi, Fahad-5 and Karma 2000) and two advanced
lines (Line DZT-01 and Line DZT-06) were used as material. SPAD, protein
content, test weight, thousand kernel weight, starch content, wet gluten,
zeleny sedimentation and grain yield were evaluated. According to the findings
of research, genotypic differences were found significant for SPAD, grain
yield, thousand kernel weight and test weight. The values ranged in genotypes
were between 51.8-57.3 in SPAD, 5043.9-6469.3 kg ha-1 in grain
yield, 35.31-45.81 g in thousand kernel weight, 71.38-78.72 kg hL-1 intest weight, 13.1-13.7% in protein content, 64.27-65.94% in starch
content, 28.71-30.61% in wet gluten and 40.42-45.67 mL in zeleny sedimentation.
Significant positive correlation between protein content with gluten content
and zeleny sedimentation in both locations was found. With regard to grain
yield and some quality traits of Line DZT-01 and quality traits of Line DZT-06
were highest than commercial cultivars in both locations. Line DZT-01 and Line
DZT-06 were found as promising line. These lines can be new cultivar candidates
and could be recommended to sown in South-Eastern
Anatolia Region of Turkey.
Katalizörsüz Ortamda Benzaldehit Türevlerinin Malononitril Eşliğinde Knoevenagel Kondenzasyonu: Disiyano Bileşiklerinin Sentezi İçin Yeşil Kimya Yasalarına Uygun Etkin Bir Yöntem
Authors: NİŞANCI Bilal
Published: February 2019

Bu
çalışmada aril aldehitlerin malonitril ile katalizörsüz ortamda, sadece çözücü olarak su/metanol karışımı
kullanılmasıyla gerçekleştirdiği tepkime sonucu ilgili benzilidenmalononitril türevleri 15 dakikada oda sıcaklığında kantitatif
verimlerle elde edilmiştir. Knoevenagel kondenzasyonu ile benzilidenmalononitril bileşiklerinin eldesi ile ilgili literatürde birçok
yöntem bulunmasına rağmen, bu çalışmada herhangi bir katalizör kullanılmaması
bu çalışmayı yeşil kimya yasalarına uyan etkin bir yöntem olarak ön plana
çıkarmaktadır.
Impact of climate change on the future quality of surface waters: case study of the Ardak River, northeast of Iran
Authors: Nikakhtar Morteza , Rahmati Seyedeh Hoda , Bavani Ali Reza Massah
Published: February 2019

In recent decades, climate change has influenced the quantity and quality of water resources, affecting water supply for various demands. In this case study, the effects of climate change on the quality of the Ardak River in the northeast of Iran are discussed. The Qual2kW model was used to simulate water quality parameters, by sampling dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and NO3. The rainfall-streamflow model IHACRES was used for simulating monthly streamflow. Monthly general circulation model (GCM) temperature and rainfall data from representative concentration pathways (RCP) RCP2.6 and RCP8.5 were downloaded for 1986 to 2005 and 2020 to 2039. The previously verified model LARS-WG was used to predict future temperatures and rainfall. By importing this data into IHACRES, stream flows were simulated, enabling Qual2kW to predict future effects on water quality. Although changes in temperature of 0.5 to 1.2 °C were predicted, maximum changes in temperature and rainfall will occur in winter and summer in series. Therefore, water quality was predicted to decrease only on the Abghad branch, due to increased temperature and lower flow rates. The highest percentage variations in DO and NO3 are −12.19 and 31.25 in RCP8.5 and in COD and PH, −35.4 and 0.29 in RCP2.6.
Development and present situation of hydropower in China
Authors: Sun Xingsong , Wang Xiaogang , Liu Lipeng , Fu Ruizhi
Published: February 2019

As a clean and renewable energy, hydropower holds an important place in energy development for every country. China has the richest hydropower resources with 541 GW technical exportable installed capacity, a 17% global share. Hydropower is a key point of energy conservation and comprehensive utilization of resources to ensure the sustainable development strategy of China. This paper investigates the hydropower development of China and provides a summary of the current situation of the development. Over the past 100 years, China's hydropower developed tremendously. The total installed capacity of hydropower is 341.19 GW by the end of 2017 and the installed capacity of small hydropower is 79.27 GW. By the end of June 2018, 33 pumped-storage power stations had been constructed and 32 are under construction. The total installed capacity of pumped-storage power is 72.64 GW. More development will be achieved in the next decades according to China's development strategy.
Comportamento fenológico de Drosera brevifolia Pursh em ambiente de campo natural, Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil
Authors: Nunho dos Reis Allan Rodrigo , Blum Christopher Thomas , De Freitas Milani Jaçanan Eloisa , De Oliveira Jefferson Dias
Published: February 2019

A caracterização dos padrões fenológicos de espécies raras e ameaçadas de extinção permite a compreensão das características relacionadas às suas preferências de hábitat e de suas relações com os fatores ambientais. O objetivo do estudo foi caracterizar o comportamento fenológico de Drosera brevifolia em ambiente de campo natural, em Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil. Foram analisadas as fenofases de 45 plantas. Avaliaram-se mensalmente as fenofases vegetativas (brotações, folhas maduras e senescentes), por meio do método do percentual de intensidade, e reprodutivas (botões florais, antese, frutos imaturos e maduros), por meio da contagem de estruturas. As fenofases foram correlacionadas com as variáveis meteorológicas precipitação e temperaturas mínima, média e máxima e com o diâmetro médio das rosetas. As brotações apresentaram-se de forma quase uniforme durante o período; as folhas maduras tiveram maiores intensidades de dezembro a fevereiro e de maio a julho e as folhas senescentes, de agosto a novembro. As maiores intensidades de fenofases reprodutivas ocorreram entre o fim do inverno e meados da primavera. Não se verificaram correlações significativas entre a intensidade das fenofases e as variáveis meteorológicas nem entre a intensidade das fenofases e o diâmetro das rosetas. A reduzida disponibilidade de frutos pode dificultar a colonização da espécie.
Phyllomyias griseocapilla Sclater, 1862 (piolhinhoserrano) (Aves, Tyrannidae): novas informações sobre a sua nidificação
Authors: Legal Evair
Published: February 2019

Phyllomyias griseocapilla (piolhinho-serrano) é uma ave quase ameaçadaglobalmente, endêmica do Brasil e da floresta atlântica. Assim como os demais aspectos de sua biologia reprodutiva, poucas informações estão disponíveis sobre seu ninho. No presente estudo, são apresentadas observações sobre um ninho da espécie, encontrado no município de Botuverá, Santa Catarina (27º11’31”S e 49°02’44”O, 75 m a.n.m.), com formato fechado / retorta /pendente alongado, características diferentes dos demais ninhos previamente descritos.
Diversidade de Coleoptera em cadáveres humanos na região nordeste de Santa Catarina
Authors: Bonfanti Carla Fabiana , Gaedke Anderson , Monique Dubet da Silva Mouga Denise
Published: February 2019

Os estudos de Entomologia Forense no Brasil têm sido feitos principalmente com modelos animais. Pesquisas com cadáveres humanos são escassas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar o levantamento da entomofauna de Coleoptera que habita cadáveres humanos em decomposição. A área de estudo abrangeu seis municípios do nordeste do estado de Santa Catarina, os quais são atendidos pelo Instituto Geral de Perícias de Joinville. Efetuaram-se coletas em nove corpos, de setembro de 2016 a abril de 2017, estando quatro em período de coloração, dois em coliquativo, dois em esqueletização e um em saponificação. Obtiveram-se 257 exemplares de sete famílias da ordem Coleoptera: Silphidae (210); Staphylinidae (22); Histeridae (7); Hydrophilidae (5); Scarabaeidae (5); Carabidae (4); Cleridae (4). Em relação a carcaças animais, verificaram-se menor diversidade da coleopterofauna habitante de cadáveres humanos e similaridade nas famílias mais representativas. Foram notadas diferenças de riqueza entre os períodos de decomposição e a exclusividade de algumas espécies em cada período, apontando para uma sucessão ecológica no cadáver. A espécie Oxelytrum discicolle, em função de sua ampla abundância e presença em todos os fenômenos transformativos observados, constitui indicador de valor forense.
Clinicopathological and Imaging Features Predictive of Clinical Outcome in Metaplastic Breast Cancer
Authors: Yoon Ga Young , Cha Joo Hee , Kim Hak Hee , Shin Hee Jung , Chae Eun Young , Choi Woo Jung , Oh Ha-Yeun
Published: February 2019

Background:

Metaplastic breast cancer (MC) is a rare disease, thus it is difficult to
study its clinical outcomes.

Objective:

To investigate whether any clinicopathological or imaging features were associated
with clinical outcome in MC.

Methods:

We retrospectively evaluated the clinicopathological and imaging findings, and the clinical
outcomes of seventy-two pathologically confirmed MCs. We then compared these parameters
between triple-negative (TNMC) and non-TNMCs (NTNMC).

Results:

Oval or round shape, and not-circumscribed margin were the most common findings on
mammography, ultrasound (US), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It was mostly a mass
without calcification on mammography, and revealed complex or hypoechoic echotexture, and posterior
acoustic enhancement on US, and rim enhancement, wash-out kinetics, peritumoral edema,
and intratumoral necrosis on MRI. Of all 72, 64 were TNMCs, and eight were NTNMCs. Clinicopathological
and imaging findings were similar between the two groups, except that MRI showed
peritumoral edema more frequently in TNMCs than NTNMCs (p=0.045). There were 21 recurrences
and 13 deaths. Multivariable analysis showed that larger tumor size and co-existing DCIS
were significantly predictive of Disease free survival (DFS), and larger tumor size and neoadjuvant
chemotherapy were significantly predictive of overall survival (OS).

Conclusion:

MC showed characteristic imaging findings, and some variables associated with survival
outcome may help to predict prognosis.
Hypoglycemic Effect of Calendula arvensis Flowers is Mediated by Digestive Enzyme Inhibition
Authors: Abudunia Abdul-Malik , Marmouzi Ilias , Kharbach Mourad , Jemli Meryem El , Sayah Karima , Bouyahya Abdelhakim , Al-kaf Ali , Alyahawi Ali , Ansar M’Hammed , Bouklouze Abdelaziz , Faouzi My El Abbes , Ibrahimi Azeddine
Published: February 2019

Background:

Calendula arvensis is an annual Mediterranean plant growing in Morocco between
Rabat and Khemissat. C. arvensisis is known in folk medicine as an anti-inflammatory and antipyretic
remedy. However, few reports have investigated its pharmacological properties.

Methods:

The objective of the present study was to determine chemical composition of C. arvensis
flowers, and to investigate their antidiabetic activities by mean of digestive enzyme inhibition. The profile
of phenolic compounds was established by HPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS analysis. While the antidiabetic
activity was evaluated by the in vitro enzyme inhibition assays.

Results:

Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of anthocyanins, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins
as major elements. Whereas, alkaloids and terpenes were not detected in the plant samples. The
chromatographic quantification identified 18 metabolites, with the caffeic acid as a major element. C.
arvensis aqueous and methanolic extracts exhibited higher inhibitory potential against α-amylase, α-
glucosidase and ß-galactosidase compared to the hexanic extract.

Conclusion:

The present study brings evidence to the hypoglycemic effect of C. arvensis flowers
through enzyme inhibitory activities, and identifies the possible phenolic compounds associated with
this activity.
Anti-Inflammation and Antimicrobial Constituents from the Roots and Their Production in Callus Cultures of Valeriana jatamansi Jones
Authors: Singh Bharat , Sahu Pooran M. , Sharma Ram A.
Published: February 2019

Background:

Valeriana jatamansi Jones (Syn. V. wallichii DC.; Fam. – Valerianaceae) is a
medicinal plant species, endemic to the Himalayan regions of India and rich in presence of iridoids. This
plant species possessed antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

Methods:

The shade-dried roots were powdered, percolated with 95% ethanol for 36 h at room temperature
(3-times) and filtrate used for isolation of iridoids. The isolated compounds identified based on
physical and spectral data analysis. For the enhancement of production of iridoids, the callus cultures
established on Murashige and Skoog (MS) culture medium with variable concentrations of growth hormones.
The isolated iridoids estimated by using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLCSPD-
M10A photodiode array detector) and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis.
The anti-inflammatory activity of iridoids assessed by using carrageenan and Complete Freund's
Adjuvant (CFA-induced adjuvant) models in experimental rats. The total eight bacterial and five fungal
strains used for determination of antimicrobial activity. The activity assessed by using microdilution
method.

Results:

Total seven iridoids were isolated from ethyl acetate fraction and their production estimated in
cell cultures. The maximum accumulation (69.39±0.45 mg/g) of jatamanvaltrate S was observed in 2, 4-
D (4.0 mg/l) and kinetin (1.0 mg/l) supplemented MS culture medium. Maximum anti-inflammatory
activity demonstrated by jatamanvaltrate R (46.8%) at the dose of 20 mg/kg body weight (bw) at 8 h
after carrageenan injection. Similarly, the jatamanvaltrate R also displayed maximum inhibitory activity
(49.9%) to CFA-induced adjuvant arthritis in rats on day 8. The strongest antibacterial activity was exhibited
by jatamanvaltrate S (21 μg/ml) against Staphylococcus aureus while maximum antifungal efficacy
displayed by jatamanin B (30 μg/ml) against Penicillium chrysogenum.

Conclusion:

In this study, all the isolated iridoids found as bioactive molecules and exhibited promising
anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities.
Enasidenib: First Mutant IDH2 Inhibitor for the Treatment of Refractory and Relapsed Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Dogra Raghav , Bhatia Rohit , Shankar Ravi , Bansal Parveen , Rawal Ravindra K.
Published: February 2019

Background:

Acute myeloid leukemia is the collective name for different types of leukemias of
myeloid origin affecting blood and bone marrow. The overproduction of immature myeloblasts (white blood
cells) is the characteristic feature of AML, thus flooding the bone marrow and reducing its capacity to produce
normal blood cells. USFDA on August 1, 2017, approved a drug named Enasidenib formerly known as AG-221
which is being marketed under the name Idhifa to treat R/R AML with IDH2 mutation. The present review
depicts the broad profile of enasidenib including various aspects of chemistry, preclinical, clinical studies,
pharmacokinetics, mode of action and toxicity studies.

Methods:

Various reports and research articles have been referred to summarize different aspects related to
chemistry and pharmacokinetics of enasidenib. Clinical data was collected from various recently published
clinical reports including clinical trial outcomes.

Result:

The various findings of enasidenib revealed that it has been designed to allosterically inhibit mutated
IDH2 to treat R/R AML patients. It has also presented good safety and efficacy profile along with 9.3 months
overall survival rates of patients in which disease has relapsed. The drug is still under study either in combination
or solely to treat hematological malignancies. Molecular modeling studies revealed that enasidenib binds to
its target through hydrophobic interaction and hydrogen bonding inside the binding pocket. Enasidenib is found
to be associated with certain adverse effects like elevated bilirubin level, diarrhea, differentiation syndrome,
decreased potassium and calcium levels, etc.

Conclusion:

Enasidenib or AG-221was introduced by FDA as an anticancer agent which was developed as a
first in class, a selective allosteric inhibitor of the tumor target i.e. IDH2 for Relapsed or Refractory AML. Phase
1/2 clinical trial of Enasidenib resulted in the overall survival rate of 40.3% with CR of 19.3%. Phase III trial on
the Enasidenib is still under process along with another trial to test its potency against other cell lines.
Edasidenib is associated with certain adverse effects, which can be reduced by investigators by designing its
newer derivatives on the basis of SAR studies. Hence, it may come in the light as a potent lead entity for anticancer
treatment in the coming years.
Microwave-assisted Efficient One-pot Synthesis of Nitriles Using Recyclable Magnetite (Fe3O4) Nanoparticles as Catalyst and Water as Solvent: A Greener Approach
Authors: Chavan Prashant , Pednekar Suhas , Chaughule Ramesh , Lokur Anushree
Published: February 2019

Background:

There has been an increasing curiosity over the past few years to carry out organic
reactions over heterogeneous nanocatalysts. Microwave activation coupled with a nanocatalyst along
with water as a reaction medium makes the process further green. Microwave activation as a green process
reduces reaction times, enhances product purity and improves chemical yield.

Methods:

Nitrile group chemistry has been explored by many researchers across the globe owing to its
interesting properties and its importance in synthetic chemistry. Despite several methods being available
for the synthesis of nitriles, microwave assisted synthesis of nitriles using Fe3O4 nanoparticles appears
more promising. The present study is intended at developing a recyclable magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles
catalyzed protocol towards the synthesis of organonitrile derivatives using one pot reaction.

Results:

The above protocol incorporates the use of microwave for heating and water as reaction medium.
Several substituted nitriles could be synthesized for excellent yields. The magnetite nanoparticles can be
reused for new reaction without significant loss in activity.

Conclusion:

The experiment makes the protocol simple, environment friendly and economically feasible.
Responsible Consumption for Curbing Food Wastage: An Exploratory Enquiry
Authors: Srivastava Saurabh Kumar , Anshul Ankita , Pathak Pramod , Bansal Jayshri
Published: February 2019

The world population crossed seven billion during year 2011 and is expected to touch the mark of 9.3 billion by the year 2050. This increase in number of people all over the world will invariably lead to an increase in demand of food at a humongous scale. In a report prepared for the Global Food Security Programme, Bond et al. (2013) pointed that against the whopping 50-70% inflation projected in food demand, around 868 million people are struggling with under nourishment all over the globe whereas approx. one third of global food production ends up as waste. As a developing nation still battling the devils of poverty, corruption and skewed income distribution, India has not been able to solve or manage the conundrum of food wastage over the years and each year witnesses tons of food going to garbage at various stages of production, supply and consumption. However, it is crucial to investigate and assess the causes and impact of food wastage in order to take steps towards reducing losses and wastage in the entire food production and consumption system. This paper endeavors to uncover the causes and cases of food wastage in Indian households and commercial enterprises. It also underlines the various stages of food production and delivery that contribute to wastage of food in various ways. The paper concludes with taking an account of various causes leading to food wastage in Indian scenario and suggestions on strategies to reduce the scale of food wastage India.
Вероятность процессов захвата электронов у атомов аргона ионами -=SUP=-3-=/SUP=-Не-=SUP=-2+-=/SUP=- при различных параметрах удара
Authors: Басалаев А.А. , Панов М.Н.
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe have measured the absolute values of total cross sections of capture of one and two electrons by He^2+ ions from argon atoms. The differential scattering cross sections have been determined for fast atoms and singly charged helium ions formed in each of these processes (without and with additional ionization of the formed slow argon ion). Measurements have been taken for He^2+ ions with kinetic energy of 6 keV in scattering angle range 0–2.5°. Based on the measured differential cross sections using different model atomic particle interaction potentials, we have calculated the cross sections of these processes as functions of the impact parameter. The probabilities of realization of these processes with electron density distribution in different shells in the target atom have been compared. The applicability of the expressions for the screened Coulomb interaction potentials in the description of scattering of particles that have captured electrons has been demonstrated.
Свойства полиимидной пленки после облучения электронным пучком с дозой 1 GGy
Authors: Сергеев П.Б. , Морозов Н.В.
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe results of the performance tests of a three-layer foil separator for a high-current electron gun of an ELA excimer laser are presented. The separator consisted of two layers of thin titanium foil with a polyimide film between them. Such a composition withstood 5630 electron beam pulses with duration of 80 ns and an energy density per pulse of about 9 J/cm^2. In this case, the polyimide film (Dupont Kapton polyimide film) with a thickness of 38 μm was irradiated with a dose of 1 GGy. The initial and induced absorption of this film was measured in the range from 20 to 0.4 μm. The mechanical tensile strength of the irradiated film decreased by 17 times.
Смещенные параксиальные пучки Бесселя--Гаусса. I
Authors: Плаченов А.Б.
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe have considered a new family of localized solutions of a parabolic (paraxial wave) equation that generalizes the well-known Bessel–Gaussian beams and includes asymmetric and noncoaxial Bessel–Gaussian beams as subfamilies. The Fourier spectra of these solutions have been found, and their expansions into nonshifted Bessel–Gaussian beams have been obtained.
Отражение света слоем гиперболического метаматериала в случае распространения в нем особых неоднородных волн
Authors: Петров Н.С. , Курилкина С.Н. , Зимин А.Б. , Белый В.Н.
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe boundary problem of reflection of electromagnetic waves by a hyperbolic metamaterial layer under conditions of total reflection from the boundary with this layer in the absence of birefringence has been solved. In this case, so-called “special inhomogeneous electromagnetic waves” may propagate in the layer. Analytical expressions are obtained for the vector amplitudes of the waves reflected by the layer and transmitted through it and for the special inhomogeneous electromagnetic waves propagating in this layer. These expressions allows calculating the energy characteristics of reflected and transmitted light for an optically uniaxial metamaterial.
From collection of acceleration data to digital interventions in clinical settings (Preprint)
Authors: Sievanen Harri , Vasankari Tommi
Published: February 2019

UNSTRUCTURED

Present and evolving mobile and computer technologies together with wearable sensors have potential not only for promoting physical activity (PA) and reducing sedentary behavior (SB) but also facilitating self-management of various diseases. Purpose of this narrative review was to evaluate clinical efficacy of digital interventions on various health outcomes on the basis of meta-analyses and reviews published on the topic. In addition, essential contents of digital interventions and accompanying PA and SB measurements were also discussed. In total, meta-analytic summary data from tens of thousands of patients representing all major non-communicable diseases were available. While the clinical utility of digital interventions is apparent, the quality of evidence was often low, treatment effects were small to moderate in general often not reaching statistical significance compared to the comparator treatment that is typically usual care. Apparently, several factors underlie these relatively poor outcomes, but the lack of considering personal factors and preferences when designing the contents of digital intervention may be the key issue. Future digital intervention trials should be adequately-powered, employ rigorous methods to assess long-term PA and SB 24/7, and utilize arguable personalized behaviour change techniques which are embedded in feasible mobile and sensor technology solutions.
“Call a Teenager… That’s What I Do!” - Grandchildren Help Older Adults Use New Technologies: Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Portz Jennifer Dickman , Fruhauf Christine , Bull Sheana , Boxer Rebecca S , Bekelman David B , Casillas Alejandra , Gleason Kathy , Bayliss Elizabeth A
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUND

Although family technical support seems intuitive, there is very little research exploring this topic.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to conduct a subanalysis of data collected from a large-scale qualitative project regarding older adults’ experiences in using health information technology. Specifically, the subanalysis explored older adults’ experiences with technology support from family members to inform strategies for promoting older adults’ engagement with new health technologies. Although the primary analysis of the original study was theoretically driven, this paper reports results from an inductive, open-coding analysis.

METHODS

This is a subanalysis of a major code identified unexpectedly from a qualitative study investigating older adults’ use experience of a widespread health technology, the patient portal. A total of 24 older patients (≥65 years) with multiple chronic conditions (Charlson Comorbidity Index >2) participated in focus groups conducted at the patients’ primary clinic. While conducting the primary theoretically driven analysis, coders utilized an open-coding approach to ensure important ideas not reflected in the theoretical code book were captured. Open coding resulted in 1 code: family support. This subanalysis further categorized family support by who provided tech support, how tech support was offered, and the opinions of older participants about receiving family tech support.

RESULTS

The participants were not specifically asked about family support, yet themes around family assistance and encouragement for technology emerged from every focus group. Participants repeatedly mentioned that they called their grandchildren and adult children if they needed help with technology. Participants also reported that family members experienced difficulty when teaching technology use. Family members struggled to explain simple technology tasks and were frustrated by the slow teaching process.

CONCLUSIONS

The results suggest that older adults ask their family members, particularly grandchildren, to support them in the use of new technologies. However, family may experience difficulties in providing this support. Older adults will be increasingly expected to use health technologies, and family members may help with tech support. Providers and health systems should consider potential family support and engagement strategies to foster adoption and use among older patients.