bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FASAL concept in meeting the requirements of assessment and forecasting crop production affected by extreme weather events
Authors: PARIHAR JAI SINGH
Published: December 2021

The research in remote sensing application in India started first in agriculture way back in 1969. With the improvement in satellite sensors, data processing algorithms, models and computational power over time, this research culminated into development of operational projects of CAPE and FASAL, tackling an important issue of operationally providing pre-harvest crop production forecast to stakeholders. This review paper details the sequential developments in the use of remote sensing data for crop production forecasting. The scientific developments in the use of single and multi-temporal optical and microwave satellite images for crop identification and yield estimation in India have been reviewed.  The case studies on use of remote sensing data for crop assessment under extreme weather events are also presented. These include the assessment of crop damage due to extreme weather events of floods, drought, and hailstorm. Examples on use of remote sensing for crop damage assessment due to pest and diseases and forecasting their incidence using satellite derived weather parameters are reviewed.
Agrometeorological Advisory to assist the farmers in meeting the challenges of extreme weather events
Authors: CHATTOPADHYAY N. , GHOSH K. , CHANDRAS S. V.
Published: December 2021

In recent past extreme weather events are causing great concern in different sectors contributing to the Indian economy. Among other, agricultural sectors are badly affected by the extreme weather events. Weather and climate information play a great role in minimizing the loss of crops. India Meteorological Department is doing yeomen’s service by providing advance information including monitoring of the extreme weather events along with the proper advisories to the farming community by using state of art instruments & technology through efficient delivering mechanism of the information and ultimately help the farmers from incurring great loss. Satellite information is also used for preparation of the accurate crop and location specific Agromet Advisories. Under Public Private Partnership, today it is possible to send the weather forecast and advisories within short time to large number of farmers in the country before the occurrence of extreme weather events and ultimately possible to improve the economic condition of small and marginal farmers by increasing the productivity of crops.
Economic impact of the agro meteorological advisory services of Ministry of Earth Sciences - A review
Authors: MAINI PARVINDER , BASU SWATI
Published: December 2021

ESSO-MoES is making constant efforts to improve prediction of weather, climate and hazardous events for societal, economic and environmental benefits. For this it is making huge investments in terms of infrastructure growth, up-gradation of technical knowledge and human resource development.  These new technical capabilities offer the promise of much improved forecasts and reliable service and this has been established through some of the recent skilful predictions of extreme events that occurred over the country. However, it is important to justify the spending through evaluating the economic benefits of the services. ESSO-MoES, regularly undertakes studies to carry out the impact assessment and  benefits of the services it renders in economic terms. This paper is a review of the studies carried out in various phases, involving impact assessment and economic benefit of the Agromet Advisory service being rendered by ESSO-MoES. The studies indicate that over the years there is a definite increase in the economic benefits with  improvement in the , outreach and worthiness of the service which is direct fallout of improved weather predictions as a result of the huge investments being made by Government of India.
Verification of real-time WRF-ARW forecast in IMD during monsoon 2010
Authors: DAS ANANDA K. , KUNDU P. K. , BHOWMIK S. K. ROY , RATHEE M.
Published: December 2021

Performance of the mesoscale model WRF-ARW has been evaluated for whole monsoon season of 2011. The real-time model forecasts are generated day to day in India meteorological Department for short-range weather prediction over the Indian region. Verification of rainfall forecasts has been carried out against observed rainfall analysis whereas for all other meteorological parameters verification analysis which was generated using WRFDA assimilation system. Traditional continuous scores and categorical skill scores are computed over seven different zones in India in the verification of rainfall. For other parameters (upper-air as well as surface), continuous scores are evaluated with temporal and spatial features during whole season.

The forecast errors of meteorological parameters other than rainfall are analyzed to portray the model efficiency in maintaining monsoon features in large scale along with localized pattern. In the study, time series of errors throughout the season also has been maneuvered to evaluate model forecasts during diverse phases of monsoon. Categorical scores suggest the model forecasts are reliable up to moderate rainfall category for all seven zones.  But, rainfall areas with rainfall above 35.5 mm per day associated with migrated weather system from Indian seas could not be predicted as the model displaces them in the forecast. The verification for a whole monsoon season has shown that the model has capability to predict orographic rainfall for the interactive areas with low level monsoon flow over Western Ghats.  The model efficiency are in general brought out for a single monsoon season and errors characteristics are discussed for further improvement which could not perceived during real-time use of the model.
Trends in surface temperature variability over Mumbai and Ratnagiri cities of coastal Maharashtra, India
Authors: KORADE MAHENDRA S. , DHORDE AMIT G.
Published: December 2021

Increasing urbanization and expansion of cities has led to intensification of the urban heat island (UHI). High consumption of fossil fuels and trapping of radiated heat leads to increase in surface temperature in and around city. Present research paper focuses on temperature variability over Mumbai and Ratnagiri cities, which are located in the same coastal climatic region and almost at same altitude. Trends in maximum and minimum temperature were investigated at annual and seasonal scale. The occurrences of temperature extremes were also analysed. In general, increasing trends were observed over both the stations, with high rate of increase in maximum temperature than the minimum temperatures statistically significant at 95% confidence level. Mumbai experienced significant warming with higher rates than Ratnagiri. Warm extremes have also increased significantly over Mumbai. Ratnagiri showed decrease in hot days during monsoon and hot nights during remaining seasons significant in summer.
KAJIAN TEOLOGIS MURID YANG MEMURIDKAN BERDASARKAN 2 TIMOTIUS 2:1-2
Authors: Yeniretnowati Tri Astuti , Arifianto Yonatan Alex , Perangin Angin Yakub Hendrawan
Published: December 2021

Abstrak
Pemuridan adalah harga mati dari seorang murid Yesus. Murid Yesus yang sejati harus menghasilkan murid lainnya bagi Yesus. Pola pemuridan yang benar dan efektif yang diteladankan Yesus, dan dicontoh Rasul Paulus dalam pelayanan dan kehidupannya yang dalam 2 Timotius 1:2 dipercayakan dan diwariskan kepada Timotius untuk diteruskan kepada generasi murid-murid Yesus terus sampai kesudahan akhir zaman sungguh terbukti ampuh. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi pustaka melalui buku-buku dan artikel-artikel yang berkualitas dalam membahas pemuridan Kristen. Hasil dari penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa implikasi kehidupan yang bermakna dari seorang murid Kristus yang memuridkan lagi yang harus nyata diperagakan dalam kehidupan kekristenannya sebagai pribadi dan gereja sebagai kehidupan komunitas murid-murid Yesus, yaitu: Pertama,  Tetap tinggal di dalam Kristus. Kedua, Hidup dengan tujuan menghasilkan buah. Ketiga, Memiliki hasrat untuk regenerasi dan pelipatgandaan murid. Keempat, Meneladani Yesus yang memuridkan murid. Kelima, Gereja dan pemimpin rohani yang memuridkan. Keenam, Menjadikan pemuridan sebagai gaya hidup.
 
Abstract 
Discipleship is the fixed price of a disciple of Jesus. A true disciple of Jesus must produce other disciples for Jesus. The pattern of true and effective discipleship that Jesus imitated, and was imitated by the Apostle Paul in his ministry and life which in 2 Timothy 1:2 was entrusted and passed on to Timothy to be passed on to generations of Jesus' disciples until the end of the age had really proven effective. The method in this study uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach through quality books and articles in discussing Christian discipleship. The results of this study conclude that the implications of a meaningful life of a disciple of Christ who make disciples again that must be manifested in his Christian life as a person and the church as a community life of Jesus' disciples, namely: First, Remain in Christ. Second, live with the aim of producing fruit. Third, have a desire to regenerate and multiply disciples. Fourth, Imitate Jesus who made disciples. Fifth, the Church and spiritual leaders who make disciples. Sixth, Make discipleship a lifestyle.
PROBLEM DAN PROSPEK METODE PENGUATAN TERHADAP PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER KELUARGA KRISTEN
Authors: Sidabutar Hasudungan , Manullang Juanda
Published: December 2021

AbstrakPenguatan merupakan suatu metode dalam penerapan pendidikan karakter keluarga. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana metode reinforcement terhadap penguatan pendidikan karakter keluarga, khususnya di era pandemic covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kajian pustaka. Reinforcement merupakan salah satu teori motivasi yang bertujuan agar terjadinya pengulangan terhadap tingkah laku yang diberi penguatan. Ada 5 bentuk dari aspek penguatan pendidikan karakter dengan pendekatan reinforcement oleh guru dan orangtua yaitu sikap kehangatan, sikap antusiasme, kebermaknaan hidup, menghindari respon negatif dan keteladanan. Lewat pendekatan ini akan memberikan efek penguatan pada pendidikan karakter kristiani pada pendidikan agama Kristen keluarga.
 
AbstractReinforcement is a method in the application of family character education. The purpose of this study is to describe how the reinforcement method is to strengthen family character education, especially in the era of the covid-19 pandemic. This study uses a systematic literature review method (library review). Reinforcement is one of the motivational theories that aims to make repetition of behavior that is given reinforcement occur. There are 5 forms of strengthening aspects of character education with a reinforcement approach by teachers and parents, namely an attitude of warmth, enthusiasm, meaning in life, avoiding negative responses and exemplary. Through this approach, it will have a strengthening effect on Christian character education in family Christian religious education.
The Round Jet in a Cross-Flow (Review)
Authors: Kozlov Viktor V. , Litvinenko Maria V. , Kozlov Grigory V.
Published: December 2021

Results of experimental and numerical studies on characteristics of the developing round jet with parabolic velocity profile in a crossflow are presented. The basic differences of characteristics (parameters, properties) of development of the round jet with parabolic velocity profile and «shock» velocity profile are showed. As it is outlined, the round jet with parabolic velocity profile in a crossflow is transformed to two stationary counter rotating vortices. In the current work it is shown, that the most unsteady high-frequency eigenmodes correspond wave packets onto the couple of counter rotating vortices. Decrease of frequency leads to development of the eigenmodes closer to wall in track of the jet. The growths of penetration of jet into a crossflow and air inflow by near-field of jet from crossflow are observed. In addition, it was shown, that boundary of the jet and crossflow can stretch and become thin under the influence of crossflow.
Manajemen Pendidikan Pondok Pesantren dalam Membentuk Learning Society
Authors: Mayasari Annisa , Iqbal Aji Muhammad , Supriyadi Asep , Syah Muhibbin , Erihadiana Muhammad
Published: December 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan gambaran Manajemen Pendidikan Pondok Pesantren Dalam Membentuk Learning Society. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif yang mencari gambaran secara mendalam terkait sebuah fenomena yang terjadi. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa pondok pesantren merupakan lembaga pendidikan yang didirikan dan dikelola secara mandiri oleh masyarakat yang dalam hal ini dapat kita lihat begitu besarnya peran serta masyarakat dalam membangun kekuatan karakter dan mental anak bangsa bahkan bukan hanya dibidang pendidikan saja, dalam hal ini Pondok Pesantren Zawiyah sudah bertransformasi menjadi lembaga yang membangun ekonomi dan menyerap tenaga kerja dengan hadirnya koperasi disebuah pesantren ini menjadikan pondok pesantren dapat berdiri secara mandiri, Learning Society yang direncankan oleh ondok pesantren sudah dilakukan secara bertahap, terbukti pondok pesantrten menyerap tenaga pengajar dan karyawan unit usahanya merekrut dari masayarakat sekitar. Namun dalam hal pengembangan pondok pesantrenpun tak lepas dari wajibnya kehadiran pemerintah sangat diperlukan dan bahkan wajib hadir pula agar pengembangan dalam satu pondok pesantren tidak berjalan lambat jika pemerintah ikut andil dalam mewujudkan pondok pesantren yang mandiri.
Manajemen Pembiayaan Pendidikan Lembaga Filantropi Yatim Mandiri dalam Pemberdayaan Mahasiswa Yatim (Study Analisis Program MEC)
Authors: Ningsih Indah Wahyu , Nurasa Ace , Sobron M Dandy , Syah Muhibbin , Erihadiana Mohamad
Published: December 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami bagaimana strategi dalam pembiayaan pendidikan yang dikelola oleh yayasan Yatim Mandiri Surabaya dalam memberdayakan anak-anak yatim dan dhuafa. Adapun pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Pendekatan kualitatif adalah prosedur penelitian yang menghasilkan data deskriptif berupa kata-kata tertulis atau lisan dari orang-orang dan perilaku yang dapat diamati. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa MEC merupakan salah satu program unggulan yang digulirkan Yatim Mandiri, MEC sendiri merupakan program pendidikan dan pelatihan yang diperuntukan bagi purna Yatim yang berada dalam rentang usia 17 – 21 tahun. Tujuan dari progam ini ialah mencetak enterpreuner yatim dengan pembekalan tiga pilar yaitu akademik, keagamaan dan wirausaha. Dana pembiyaan pendidikan program MEC diperoleh dari Yatim Mandiri yang mengalokasikan sebesar 7% dari keseluruhan dana yang dihimpun Yatim Mandiri. Setiap mahasiswa MEC akan memperoleh dana sebesar 32 juta selama masa pendidikan satu tahun di asrama MEC. Dana ini dipergunakan sebagai pembiayaan pendidikan dan asrama selama satu tahun, terhitung sejak mahasiswa mendaftar dan menyelesaikan tahapan pendidikan dan pengkaderan selama satu tahun.
Positivisme, Pospositivisme, Teori Kritis, dan Konstruktivisme dalam Perspektif “Epistemologi Islam”
Authors: Irawati Dini , Natsir Nanat Fatah , Haryanti Erni
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini menjelaskan tentang paradigma keilmuan yang menjadi acuan dalam melakukan proses penelitian. Dalam dunia ilmu pengetahuan sosial terdapat sejumlah kategori paradigma yang dilakukan para ahli. Egon G. Guba (1990) telah membagi menjadi empat paradigma; (1) paradigma positivisme: (2) paradigma postpositivisme; (3) konstruksivisme; (4) teori kritis. Jika dilihat dari perspektif Islam , maka keempat paradigma yang dibahas telah diakomodir dalam konsep epistemologi Islam, bahkan pandangan Islam tentang ilmu pengetahuan lebih luas, tidak bersifat sekuler yang memisahkan antara sains dan agama. Kebenaran ilmu pengetahuan, metodologi keilmuan dan validitasnya semuanya telah diisyaratkan dalam alquran sebagai sumber utama keilmuan dalam epistemology islam. Para filusuf Muslim telah melakukan pengkajian dan melahirkan berbagai tipologi epistemology Islam. Fenomena ini menjadi harapan besar akan munculnya kembali kejayaan peradaban Islam.
Calculation of electric vehicle battery system
Authors: Dinh Tan Ngoc
Published: December 2021

Designing a vehicle is a complex multi-stage process and involves many factors which required carefully in calculation such as: the vehicle's dynamic, active and passive safety systems, connections on the vehicle, arrangement of devices, etc. The same principles when we design an electric vehicle. In this paper, the researcher showed  a method to calculate battery system on an electric vehicle from a vehicle that using an internal combustion engine and still ensure the same output power as the original car. The car only uses Li-ion batteries, the car can travel on a single charge is nearly 300 km. The results have calculated the battery system to satisfy the capacity of the original vehicle. Through the calculated results can be applied on real cars.
A design of fuel control unit for eco vehicle engines
Authors: Nguyen Trong Thuc
Published: December 2021

Nowadays, solution of fuel injection is the best way for design of fuel economy vehicle while mechanical improvement has almost reached its limit. This article shows result of the research and making the fuel injection electronic control unit (ECU) used for two annually contests named Honda EMC and Shell ECO-marathon. The control circuit is designed and coded with Arduino Mega, sensors and actuators equipped in popular cars. The circuit also allows users to change the fuel injection map and the ignition timing map to suit ECO vehicle, its necessary data help driver to have better seeing and adjusting during contest time. This permit contestant teams to modify base on their design and showed data can help contest process become more optimized and simply.
Proposal of noninvasive failure diagnosis of electrical motor using googlenet
Authors: Hoang Van Tung  , Nguyen Van Khanh  , Nguyen Chi Ngon
Published: December 2021

Fault diagnosis is a useful tool that reduces system maintenance risks and costs. However, data related to the system's nominal and fault operating behavior is often not collected and stored adequately, it is difficult to identify and suggest automated fault detection methods. This study proposes a solution to apply deep learning technique on the convolutional neural network (CNN) to identify some common errors on induction motors based on operation sound. The opreration sound signal emitted from on a 0.37 kW two-pole induction motor is collected in some cases such as normal operation, phase loss, phase difference and bearing breakage. Their 2-D scalogram images are analyzed by continuous Wavelet transformation which is used to train and evaluate the deep learning CNN (i.e. GoogLeNet) to identify the above faults. Experimental results show that this method can diagnose induction motor faults with accuracy up to 98.8%.
Improving efficiency in training on sewing ao dai with supporting tools including new assembling process and instructional videos
Authors: Phung Thi Bich Dung
Published: December 2021

In reality, practice teaching shows that the number of students completing the Ao Dai products does not meet the requirements on time and quality with a high rate up to 60%. One of the main reasons is that the currently sewing process still has many limitations, especially in large groups, most students do not observe clearly and carefully the instructor's sample manipulation. This article presents research results on building supporting tools including a new sewing process and instructional videos to improve Ao Dai sewing efficiency. Experimental teaching results showed that the percentage of students who completed products on time and requirements in terms of quality increased by more than 40%. Most students satisfied with the quality of the supporting tools which help to not only improve their knowledge but also practice sewing skills.
“His Favorite Things Mahi Al-hadia” Social Functions of Code Switching in Bilingual Children’s Conversations
Authors: Alasmari Muhammad
Published: December 2021

This study explored the occurrence of code switching among six Arabic-English Saudi bilingual children living in the United States at the time of the study. A Qualitative research design, using three research instruments namely, parental questionnaire, language portraits, and recorded storytelling sessions, was conducted in order to investigate the social functions of code switching. The study adopted Myers-Scotton’s (1993) Markedness Model to examine better the social motivation behind code switching in children’s conversations. Overall, the findings revealed the participant’s dominant and preferred language to be English, and the switch to English was frequent to serve certain functions, such as to change the addressee, engage in interaction, make alignment, ask for translation, expand, invoke authority, and finish the conversation. Moreover, this study contributes to the current research on the Markedness Model among bilingual children by providing evidence for Myers-Scotton (1993) as marked and unmarked code switching was observed among the Arabic-English bilingual children. This study also agrees with previous studies (e.g., Bolonyai, 2005; Fuller, Elsman, & Self, 2007; Myers-Scotton, 2002) that argued that bilingual children are rational and social actors who choose a given code intentionally to achieve certain social goals in a given interaction.
Morphological Characteristics of English Football Language
Authors: Elfaki Elgilani Khalil Osman
Published: December 2021

Football is the most popular sport globally. It is considerably modern sport, nevertheless, attracted millions zealous followers. Several media outlets cover activities and events of football world-wide around the clock. The researcher has been attracted and encouraged by follow-up and study of hundreds of native English football texts on specialized sports and football media outlets as newspapers, magazines, T.V and radio programs as well as electronic sites. At the end of the study, the researcher has analyzed these texts linguistically and then classified them according to their morphological categorizations. Football morphological elements surfaced by the researcher include affixation, compounding, clipping, eponymy, and loans (borrowings). At the end of the study, the researcher has provided some related results and recommendations.
SOCIAL ECONOMY ENTITIES IN SHAPING SOCIAL POLICY – DIFFERENT ROLES AND AREAS OF INFLUENCE
Authors: Bakalarczyk Rafał
Published: December 2021

This paper analyses a myriad of roles played by the social economy entities in selected sub-areas of social policy, such as family and foster care support, senior citizen policy or prevention of poverty and social exclusion. The author points out the role of social economy entities in programming and implementation, monitoring and evaluation of performance, analysis of challenges and development scenarios, and advocacy for the rights and interests of various groups in need of social policy support.
FROM HYBRID INSTITUTIONAL LOGICS TO SOLIDARITY CAPITAL
Authors: Grabowska Izabela , Skrzypczak Bohdan
Published: December 2021

The aim of the paper is to analyse the process of the creation of the hybrid organizational form and the mechanisms of its action. The paper is theory oriented and is based on new institutionalism and hybridity. The research question is how a hybrid organization efficiently functions while simultaneously drawing on three different and partially contradictory institutional logics: commercial (profit-oriented activities), social (non-profit activities), and public (focused on the provision of high-quality social services). We argue that the core mechanism of action of the new organizational form is the solidarity capital.
Funktionsanalyse, Wirksamkeit und Alternativen der Sysmin-Regelung in den AKP-EWG-Abkommen von Lomé
Authors: Spittler Eberhard
Published: December 2021

Aus der Erkenntnis über das zunehmende Maß der globalen Umweltzerstörung sowie durch den raschen Zerfall der Ostblockstaaten sind in den letzten Jahren neue Aspekte in der Entwicklungszusammenarbeit aufgetreten. Bei den daraus erwachsenden Aufgaben gilt es, sowohl neue Lösungswege zu suchen als auch Bewährtes zu übernehmen.

Das Sysmin-Verfahren, eine der wichtigsten Regelungen in den AKP-EWG-Abkommen von Lomé, unterstützt die Bergbau-Industrie in den AKP-Staaten. Dabei werden zum Teil Wege eingeschlagen, die von dem häufig anzutreffenden »Gießkannen-Prinzip« abweichen und somit in Zeiten knapper werdender finanzieller Mittel sowie eines zunehmenden Unterstützungsbedarfs auch für andere Sektoren von Interesse sein können. In diesem Zusammenhang erfolgt zunächst eine Analyse der Einsatzmöglichkeiten bzw. der Vor- und Nachteile der Sysmin-Fazilität; der sich daran anschließende Schwerpunkt ist der Optimierung des Sysmin-Verfahrens gewidmet.

Die Arbeit entwickelt Lösungsansätze, die, unabhängig vom Bergbausektor und den AKP-Ländern, als Entscheidungshilfen für Entwicklungspolitiker aber auch für Führungspersonal von Industrie- und Banken dienen können.
Malakofauna navrhované přírodní rezervace Houžetín v CHKO České středohoří [Mollusc fauna of the proposed Houžetín Nature Reserve in the České středohoří Protected Landscape Area]
Authors: Horáčková Jitka
Published: December 2021

Although the České středohoří PLA is one of the most malacologically explored areas in Central Europe, ongoing research shows that there are still previously unexplored places with rich malacofauna. The Houžetín Hill near the village of Skalice hosts extremely rich flora and its research has also shown relatively rich mollusc fauna (45 species). Unexpectedly, many strictly forest species were found there in 2019, such as Discus perspectivus, Isognomostoma isognomostomos, Aegopinella nitidula and many others. It is unusual for this part of the PLA and it proves that the forest environment has been maintained there continuously for a long time, probably since the forest climatic optimum of the Holocene.
Influence of Moisture and Temperature on the Thermal Properties of Jack Bean Seeds (Canavalia ensiformis)
Authors: Hussein Jelili , Oke Moruf Olanrewaju , Oriola Kazeem Olaniyi , Ajetunmobi Abimbola
Published: December 2021

The thermal properties (specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity, and thermal diffusivity) of jack bean seed (Canavalia ensiformis) were determined for usage in designing the equipment necessary for thermal processes. These thermal properties were determined at 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 % moisture contents (wb) and temperatures at 30, 40, and 50oC using the KD2 Pro thermal analyzer. Results showed that the specific heat capacity ranged from 1.55 to 2.47 kJ/kgK, 1.26 to 1.84 kJ/kgK and 1.32 to 1.99 kJ/kgK; thermal conductivity 0.21 to 0.47 W/mK, 0.34 to 0.52 W/mK, and 0.26 to 0.60 W/mK and thermal diffusivity 0.25 to 0.41 x 10-7 m²/s, 0.32 to 0.57 x 10-7 m²/s, and 0.32 to 0.60 x 10-7 m²/s at 30, 40, and 50°C respectively for the moisture ranges studied. The temperature and moisture content effect were not significant (p>0.05) with specific heat and thermal diffusivity but significant (p<0.05) with thermal conductivity in third-order polynomial. A non-linear relationship was established between the three thermal properties and moisture content within the studied temperature range. The resulting regression models for the thermal properties gave a high coefficient of determinations (R2 ≥ 0.7995) which implies that they can be used to describe the relationships between temperature, moisture, and thermal properties of jack bean seeds.
Disability and Children as Begging Guides: For how Long Shall Children be Used as Begging Guides by Visually Impaired Persons in Africa?
Authors: Agunyai Samuel Chukwudi , Ojakorotu Victor
Published: December 2021

This study examines the effect of using children as begging guides by people with sensory disabilities in Africa. It argues that in some African countries, visually impaired persons, especially parents and relatives, have devised the strategy of abusing their children or someone very close to them as begging guides for financial gain. While this strategy has remained a recurrent problem with severe social, economic, political, and legal implications, scientific research on addressing these implications is scarce. Given this, the article examines the rationale for using children as begging guides, its effects on the children and visually impaired parents, and mitigation strategies against abuse of children as begging guides in Africa. The qualitative research design based on key informant interviews (KIIs) complemented social exclusion and childhood theoretical underpinnings of the study. Results from (KIIs) showed that poverty, religion, cultural beliefs, financial profiteering, poor governance, breakdown in policy implementation against begging are among the rationale why children are abused and used as begging guides. The results also showed that these children experience low academic performance in school, harassment, psychological trauma, health complications from laborious trekking. At the same time, their visually impaired parents suffer from regrets and guilt of not being able to provide good parental care to their children. It concludes that good rehabilitation, vocational programmes, and prompt government supports for people with sensory disabilities would lessen the abuse and use of children as begging guides in Africa.
MONTE CARLO STUDIES OF ELECTRONIC TRANSPORT IN HELICALLY COILED CARBON NANOTUBES
Authors: Popović Zoran P. , Vuković Tatjana , Nikolić Božidar , Damnjanović Milan , Milošević Ivanka
Published: December 2021

We studied the stationary electron transport of semiconduction single-wall straight and helically coiled carbon nanotubes in the presence of electron- phonon interaction. The electron and phonon bands as well as electron phonon coupling matrix elements are obtained from quantum mechanical calculations with the application of symmetry. Total scattering rate for all electronic states relevant for charge transport is obtained as a sum over independent processes. Transport simulation is realized by Monte Carlo algorithm, where free flight time and scattering mechanism are selected randomly. The obtained electron transport properties of helically coiled and straight carbon nanotubes are significantly different. The electron drift velocities in helically coiled nanotubes are several times lower than in straight carbon nanotubes.
THERMAL ANALYSIS OF LIGNOCELLULOSE COMPOSITES FILLED WITH METAL POWDERS
Authors: Pavlović Miroslav M. , Ćosović Vladan , Janković Zoran , Stajić-Trošić Jasna , Pavlović Miomir G.
Published: December 2021

Composite materials are gaining increasing industrial applications worldwide. Composites based on polymers with conductive fillers have been recently in the focus of extensive research primarily because of their growing importance from the point of view of application. Natural polymers based on renewable materials with selected fillers can be used directly as contemporary materials in: electronics, medicine, industry, as contact conductive materials, electromagnetic and radio wave shields, photothermal optical recorders, electronic noses sensitive to certain chemicals, as well as economically acceptable catalysts. In this paper the results of experimental studies of the properties of composite materials based on lignocellulosic matrix (LC) filled with electrolytic copper powder and chemically obtained silver powder are presented. Volume fractions of metal fillers in the composite materials in tested samples were varied in the range of 1.6-30% (v/v), and the samples were prepared by compression – cold pressing. Characterization included examination of the influence of particle size and morphology on the conductivity and percolation threshold of the composites using a variety of testing techniques: SEM, TGA, DSC, particle size distribution and conductivity measurements. The thermal analysis of the prepared composites showed the improvement of the thermal characteristics of the composites. This was due to the presence of the metallic fillers which are very good thermal conductors, hence accumulating the emitted heat during TGA measurements primary to lignocellulosic matrix. On the other hand, there is no difference in the response with different metallic fillers and particles with different morphologies. Glass transition temperature is improved by 20 ºC for all the composites.
AFM ANALYSIS OF ENAMEL DAMAGE DUE TO ETCHING WITH ORTHOPHOSPHORIC ACID
Authors: Mirjanić Vladan , Mirjanić Đorđe
Published: December 2021

Bearing in mind that in the field of jaw orthopedics and related scientific fields, there are no scientific studies that use the most modern technology based on the Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) to investigate the nanostructure of tooth enamel after etching with 37% orthophosphoric acid, in this paper we will use this method, which is currently the most reliable, to determine the degree of tooth damage after its etching in the process of fixing orthodontic brackets. Considering the fact that the degree of enamel damage after etching cannot be realistically comprehended by the method called ’network’, because in this way the damage cannot be seen three dimensionally (the depth of the damage), but only the damage in a single plane, a more precise analysis can be obtained with the application of the most contemporary method that we can apply in this case, and that is the application of AFM technology.
EXPERIMENTAL TESTING AND NUMERICAL MODELLING OF STENTS IN THE CORONARY ARTERIES
Authors: Filipović Nenad , Nikolić Dalibor , Saveljić Igor , Exarchos Themis , Parodi Oberdan
Published: December 2021

In this study, experimental and numerical stent modelling with plaque formation and progression for specific patient in the coronary arteries is described. In the method, section experimental stent testing is firstly described. Then numerical methods with finite element methods are given. Blood flow simulation is described with Navier-Stokes and continuity equation. Blood vessel wall is modelled with nonlinear viscoelastic material properties. The coupling of fluid dynamics and solute dynamics at the endothelium was achieved by the Kedem-Katchalsky equations. The inflammatory process is modelled using three additional reaction-diffusion partial differential equations. In the results section, the examples with rigid and deformable arterial wall with stented and unstented arteries are presented. Effective stress analysis results for stent deployment have been shown. These experimental and numerical methods can give better understanding of stent deployment procedure and arterial wall response in everyday clinical practice.
ANISOTROPY INFLUENCE ON THE STRIPED ANTIFERROMAGNETISM OF A FRUSTRATED HEISENBERG MODEL: AN APPLICATION TO IRON PNICTIDE MATERIALS
Authors: Pantić Мilan , Rutonjski Milica , Mali Petar , Pavkov Hrvojević Milica , Radošević Slobodan
Published: December 2021

Motivated by several experimental studies of magnetic compounds related to iron pnictides, we examine thermodynamic properties of anisotropic J1a - J1b - Jc - J2 Heisenberg antiferromagnetic model. Our calculations are based on the two-time temperature Green's functions within several well-known decoupling approximations. We obtain excitation spectrum, correlation functions and the analytic expression for the critical temperature and compare our results to the existing experimental data. Results presented here could be of a great importance in the further investigations of similar magnetic systems.
SEMI-FLEXIBLE COMPACT POLYMERS IN A DISORDERED ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Lekić Dušanka , Elezović-Hadžić Sunčica , Adžić Nataša
Published: December 2021

Hamiltonian cycles with bending rigidity are studied on the first three members of the fractal family obtained by generalization of the modified rectangular (MR) fractal lattice. This model is proposed to describe conformational and thermodynamic properties of a single semi-flexible ring polymer confined in a poor and disordered (e.g. crowded) solvent. Due to the competition between temperature and polymer stiffness, there is a possibility for the phase transition between molten globule and crystal phase of a polymer to occur. The partition function of the model in the thermodynamic limit is obtained and analyzed as a function of polymer stiffness parameter s (Boltzmann weight), which for semi-flexible polymers can take on values over the interval (0,1). Other quantities, such as persistence length, specific heat and entropy, are obtained numerically and presented graphically as functions of stiffness parameter s.
POSSIBLE CAUSES OF CHANGE IN THE DIRECTION OF EARTH'S MAGNETIC FIELD
Authors: Malivuk Gak Dragana , Nježić Saša , Škrgić Enes , Rajilić Zoran
Published: December 2021

The study of the magnetic properties of materials have attracted the interest of scientists for ages. Knowing the magnetic properties of materials do their best possible use in industry and technology, as well as better understanding of some yet unexplained phenomena in nature related to the Earth's magnetic field. Several models that describe the given phenomenon are known, such as the domino model, two-dimensional Ising model and model of inversion magnetic Earth's field. In computer experiments whose results are presented in this paper, it is used a simplified two-dimensional Ising model, one version of the model related spins. Computer experiments (simulations) are made in the mathematical software Maple. It has been observed reversing the direction of magnetization in a small change of inhomogeneity energy interactions. Consideration of this issue could be of importance for the study of ferromagnetic material.
STUDY OF STRUCTURAL AND SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CRYSTAL Y3Al5O12, Al2O3 AND SrTiO3 DOPED BY 3d- OR 4f- IONS
Authors: Maletić Slavica , Popović Dušan , Cerović Dragana , Dojčilović Jablan
Published: December 2021

The subject of our research is a study of the effects of various treatments on the structural and spectral characteristics of oxides (Y3Al5O12, Al2O3 and SrTiO3) belonging to the group of ionic crystals with a wide energy band gap. We have investigated the dielectric and optical characteristics of single laser crystals of Y3Al5O12 (YAG) doped by ions from the group of iron (3d-), Al2O3 single crystal and SrTiO3 crystals doped by 3d and 4f- ions. Dielectric properties of the investigated single crystals were analyzed using dielectric spectroscopy (80 kHz – 15 MHz) in a wide temperature range (50 – 400 K). The comparison of the temperature dependence of the dielectric permittivity (εr) and dielectric loss (tanδ) at different test frequencies for undoped and doped crystals was performed. The optical properties were studied on the basis of the absorption spectra in the UV-Vis region. The experiment results showed that presence of 3d dopants in YAG crystal caused a displacement of the absorption edge and appearance of characteristic peaks. The differences observed in the absorption spectra were probably the result of the 3d ions incorporation on two possible symmetrically different positionings of aluminum ions –tetrahedrical and octahedrical– in the YAG crystal lattice. The dielectric spectroscopy measurements for samples of SrTiO3 doped by 4f ions showed anomalous behaviors of the dielectric permittivity at temperatures around the temperature of the structural phase transition 105 K.
METAMATERIALS AND TRANSFORMATION OPTICS
Authors: Milošević Borivoje , Obradović Slobodan
Published: December 2021

The paper discusses one of the most popular fields in the optical research of materials that has undergone a remarkable transformation. The study of metamaterials gives birth to a whole new scientific field called „transformation optics“ which promises to greatly increase the potential of manufacturing of synthetic nano-optical materials whose structure is located within the sub-wavelengths. Interactions of electric and magnetic field waves with modules of sub-wavelength produce effects that are impossible to get in natural materials, such as negative refractive index, unlimited degree of inertia and so on. Their development has offered an exciting potential to design a completely new type of optical materials.
DETOX TECHNOLOGY IN NEW ARCHITECTURE BUILDINGS
Authors: Cekić Nikola
Published: December 2021

Application of new eco-friendly materials and technologies in construction indicate new tendencies in biomorphic creation of physical structures in the cities. In this paper, the author focuses attention on organic-metabolic, continuous visionary development of micro and macro physical spaces or areas in which new cultural forms of life and communication among users are created. Newly built, multi-storey towers having dynamic, non-stereotypic forms were emphasized as they established a very close relationship with the natural resources and materials, and where the designers based their specific design-engineering ideas on the creation of flexible vertical socio-cultural communities. The examples in this paper represent homomorphic concepts of sustainable construction innovated with geometric shapes in which the volume of structural assemblies provide new intelligent standpoint with very prominent vegetation facade membranes-multilayer membrane skins. In addition to the esthetic, they have a microclimate-energy and an important space-regulatory detoxifying function. Smart ecourbarchitectonic thinking directed to different city building characteristics of engineering processes and activities that where the artifact materials will not have a dominant share, but a creative synthesis-interpolation of new sustainable technologies with natural, organic materials as integral component parts. In general, a different philosophy of building a new house, as early as tomorrow will be based on a significantly increased presence of bionic and biomimetic Eco-Technology.
THE PROPERTIES OF GAMMA IRRADIATED ELASTOMERIC NANOCOMPOSITES BASED ON CHLOROSULFONATED POLYETHYLENE
Authors: Budinski-Simendić Jaroslava , Marković Gordana , Tanasić Jelena , Marinović-Cincović Milena , Teofilović Vesna , Aroguz Ayse , Korugic Karasz Ljiljana
Published: December 2021

In the case of irradiation of polymeric materials, the progress in oxidative degradation depends on absorbed dose, dose rate, exposure environment, energy of irradiation, chemistry of material, and previous state of ageing. It is known that the main effect of the interactions between gamma rays and rubber macromolecules is the formation of free radicals, whose further evolution can cause crosslinking with increase in the crosslinking density or chain scission. Chlorosulfonated polyethylene is specifically recommended for sheeting of cables in nuclear energetic plants. Elastomers based on this network precursor are resistant to wear and repeated deformation and have excellent irradiation resistance. The goal of the current work was to study the effects of γ-ray radiation for elastomers based on chlorosulfonated polyethylene in combination with nitrile rubber. The reinforcing filler was nano-silica. The irradiation was performed in the Co60 radiation sterilization unit. The level of ageing was evaluated using the hardness and swelling measurement. The use of silica nano-particles improved the swelling resistance in toluene after irradiation ageing.
The Control of Administrative Inaction in the Context of the COVID-19 Health Emergency in France: an Inadequate Response from the Interim Relief Judge?
Authors: Chevalier Emilie
Published: December 2021

Interim remedies before administrative courts are an essential tool for the protection of individuals' fundamental rights in the French legal system. The months of Covid-19 health crisis have given the French administrative courts the opportunity to develop their role when using the
so-called 'fundamental rights interim remedy'. In this context, the use of the power of injunction in the context of the fundamental rights interim remedy is not limited to a purely technical dimension. It takes place in a political context and reflects the capacity of the administrative courts,
and especially of the Council of State, to play the role of a counter-power vis-à-vis the executive power. This article examines the decisions of the Council of State adopted since 16 March 2020, following fundamental rights interim remedies whose purpose was to request an injunction.
It analyses how the fundamental rights interim remedy can be a means of remedying administrative inaction and, on the basis of the analysis of the cases where the requests for interim injunctions have been rejected, it draws lessons on the role of the French administrative courts in the context
of the health crisis.
Practitioner's Insights – The Importance of Strategic Litigation to Fight Human Trafficking and (Labour) Exploitation
Authors: Hoff Suzanne
Published: December 2021

This article calls for an increased use of strategic litigation in the anti-trafficking field to ensure long-lasting systemic reforms. While generally, the prosecution of human trafficking or related severe forms of labour exploitation, like forced labour, is quite challenging and prosecutions
and convictions lag seriously behind, it is argued that strategic litigation, meaning continuing legal action, aimed at achieving rights-related changes in law, policy, practice, and/or public awareness, can help to ensure that justice is delivered to victims, as several landmark cases also
show. Efforts to counter human trafficking through strategic litigation by NGOs remain in their infancy, among others as they are resource-intensive and require access to experienced lawyers in high level courts. The author discusses some examples and dilemmas and identifies needs for NGOs
to use strategic litigation more often as an effective tool to effectuate systemic change.
Blockchain-based cloud manufacturing platforms: A novel idea for service composition in XaaS paradigm
Authors: Radmanesh Seyyed-Alireza , Haji Alireza , Fatahi Valilai Omid
Published: December 2021

Cloud manufacturing is a new globalized manufacturing framework which has improved the performance of manufacturing systems. The service-oriented architecture as the main idea behind this framework means that all resources and capabilities are considered as services. The agents interact by way of service exchanging, which has been a part of service composition research topics. Service allocations to demanders in a cloud manufacturing system have a dynamic behavior. However, the current research studies on cloud-based service composition are mainly based on centralized global optimization models. Therefore, a distributed deployment and real-time synchronization platform, which enables the globalized collaboration in service composition, is required. This paper proposes a method of using blockchain to solve these issues. Each service composition is considered as a transaction in the blockchain concept. A block includes a set of service compositions and its validity is confirmed by a predefined consensus mechanism. In the suggested platform, the mining role in blockchain is interpreted as an endeavor for proposing the proper service composition in the manufacturing paradigm. The proposed platform has interesting capabilities as it can increase the response time using the blockchain technology and improve the overall optimality of supply-demand matching in cloud manufacturing. The efficiency of the proposed model was evaluated by investigating a service allocation problem in a cloud manufacturing system in four large scale problems. Each problem is examined in four centralized modes, two, three and four solvers in blockchain-based model. The simulation results indicate the high quality of the proposed solution. The proposed solution will lead to at least 15.14% and a maximum of 34.8 percent reduction in costs and 20 to 68.4 percent at the solving time of the problem. It is also observed that with increasing the number of solvers (especially in problems with larger dimensions) the solution speed increases sharply (more than 68% improvement in some problems), which indicates the positive effect of distribution on reducing the problem-solving time.