bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sex-Related Differences in Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: El-Andari Ryaan , Bozso Sabin J. , Kang Jimmy J.H. , Adams Corey , Nagendran Jeevan
Published: April 2022

Objective: Inequalities in postoperative outcomes between males and females are well described with females often experiencing inferior outcomes after heart valve surgery. The recent literature has demonstrated equivalent or improved outcomes for females after transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVr) and replacement (TMVR) is a relatively newer field with significantly less literature comparing sex differences. This systematic review and meta-analysis looks to provide a comprehensive summary of the published literature comparing outcomes between males and females undergoing transcatheter MV interventions. Methods: PubMed, MEDLINE, and Scopus were systematically searched for all studies comparing outcomes between males and females undergoing TMVr and TMVR. A total of 2,178 English manuscript titles and abstracts were reviewed. Articles were excluded if data were not provided regarding sex differences, transcatheter MV intervention, full-length text was not accessible, or if insufficient data was provided. A total of 2,170 articles were excluded, and 8 articles were included in this study. Results: Pooled estimates of outcomes demonstrated rates of acute kidney injury (OR 1.28 [95% CI, 1.14–1.44; p < 0.0001]) favored females, while rates of major bleeding favored males (OR 0.85 [95% CI 0.76–0.96; p = 0.01]). Rates of mortality, postoperative MI, and stroke did not differ significantly. Conclusion: A trend has emerged in heart valve interventions with males tending to have improved outcomes after surgical intervention and females experiencing equivalent or improved outcomes after transcatheter interventions. This meta-analysis identified increased rates of acute kidney injury for males, increased rates of major bleeding for females, and otherwise comparable morbidity and mortality in males and females undergoing TMVr.
Analyzing TCGA Data to Identify Gene Mutations Linked to Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Asians
Authors: Kim Tane , Issa Danny , Onyshchenko Mykola
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Liver cancer is the sixth most common and second most fatal type of cancer worldwide. Few treatment options are available as patients with liver cancer are often diagnosed in an advanced stage due to a lack of clinical symptoms. Effectively preventing and treating liver cancer relies heavily on early diagnosis; early diagnosis results from identifying and monitoring high-risk patients. Epigenetic risk factors, such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C, cirrhosis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and alcohol/tobacco abuse, are highly prevalent in Asia and likely cause Asians to have a higher incidence and mortality rate of liver cancer. While these acquired risk factors are relatively well understood, the underlying genetic background of liver cancer in Asians has not been well established or correlated with clinical outcomes. Methods: In this study, we accessed The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) hepatocellular carcinoma clinical and mutation data through TCGAbiolinksGUI. Results: We found that mutations in five genes (TP53, TTN, OBSCN, MUC5B, CSMD1) were statistically linked with increased mortality in Asians compared to non-Asians, four of which (TTN, OBSCN, MUC5B, CSMD1) were also more prevalent in the Asian population. Within the Asian cohort, two gene mutations (TTN, HMCN1) were statistically linked with worse outcomes. We also found that the TP53 mutation predicts worse outcomes within the non-Asian cohort but not within the Asian cohort. Discussion/Conclusion: Our findings can improve cancer care in the Asian population through better disease prognostication, evaluations for potential targeted therapy, and a deeper understanding of liver cancer pathogenesis.
Mediterranean‐Style Diet and Risk of Preeclampsia by Race in the Boston Birth Cohort
Authors: Minhas Anum S. , Hong Xiumei , Wang Guoying , Rhee Dong Keun , Liu Tiange , Zhang Mingyu , Michos Erin D. , Wang Xiaobin , Mueller Noel T.
Published: April 2022

Background

Preeclampsia is a major cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Given its large public health burden, there is a need to identify modifiable factors that can be targeted for preeclampsia prevention. In this study, we examined whether a Mediterranean‐style diet is protective for preeclampsia in a large cohort of racially and ethnically diverse, urban, low‐income women.

Methods and Results

We used data from the Boston Birth Cohort. Maternal sociodemographic and dietary data were obtained via interview and food frequency questionnaire within 24 to 72 hours postpartum, respectively. Additional clinical information, including physician diagnoses of preexisting conditions and preeclampsia, were extracted from medical records. We derived a Mediterranean‐style diet score from the food frequency questionnaire and performed logistic regression to examine the association of the Mediterranean‐style diet score with preeclampsia. Of 8507 women in the sample, 848 developed preeclampsia. 47% were Black, 28% were Hispanic, and the remaining were White/Other. After multivariable adjustment, greatest adherence with MSD was associated with lower preeclampsia odds (adjusted odds ratio comparing tertile 3 to tertile 1, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.64–0.96). A subgroup analysis of Black women demonstrated a similar benefit with an adjusted odds ratio comparing tertile 3 to tertile 1 of 0.74 (95% CI, 0.76–0.96).

Conclusions

Self‐report of higher adherence to a Mediterranean‐style diet is associated with lower preeclampsia odds, and benefit of this diet is present among Black women as well.
Veils in Motion: Sacrality, Visuality, and Architectural Textiles in Late Antiquity
Authors: Drake Susanna
Published: April 2022

This article examines a small subset of late antique veil imagery – depictions and descriptions of veils in motion – in visual and literary sources including churches, synagogues, and descriptions of the veil of the temple in Jerusalem. Architectural veils played a role in the demarcation of space, the creation of spectacle and sacrality, and the orchestration of social relations and hierarchies. By exploring the ways in which late ancient subjects envisioned, encountered, and “thought with” veils, we can chart the ways that dynamics of covering and uncovering, sight and secrecy, and vision and touch, converged with ideas about gender, desire, and the sacred.
Constraints on population growth of blue monkeys (Cercopithecus mitis) in Kibale National Park, Uganda
Authors: Frogge Hannah , Jones Revee A. , Angedakin Samuel , Busobozi Richard , Kabagambe Prime , Angwela Felix O. , Thompson González Nicole , Brown Michelle
Published: April 2022

Changes in population size are driven by environmental and social factors. In spite of repeated efforts to identify the constraints on an unusually low-density population of blue monkeys (Cercopithecus mitis), it remains unclear why this generalist species fails to thrive in Kibale National Park in Uganda. While an unidentified disease may occasionally obstruct conception, it does not seem to limit overall reproductive rates. Infanticide at this site is infrequent due to the long tenures of resident males. Our analyses indicate that the single biggest constraint on blue monkey densities may be feeding competition with grey-cheeked mangabeys (Lophocebus albigena): across Kibale, the densities of these two species are strongly and negatively correlated. Though further analysis is needed to understand the timing and strength of feeding competition between them, we conclude that blue monkeys at Ngogo experience competitive exclusion from grey-cheeked mangabeys, possibly resolving the 50-year mystery surrounding this population.
Technological Traditions of Blacksmithing in Ancient Rus’
Authors: Zavyalov Vladimir I. , Terekhova Natalia N.
Published: April 2022

An archaeometallographic analysis of the iron tools from Ancient Russian sites enabled the authors to conclude that the manufacturing of high-quality items from black metal in Ancient Rus’ was based on the technological welding of the iron base and steel blade. The analysis allowed for changes in the production technology to be traced over time. Thus, it was typical for 10th–11th-century blacksmiths primarily to use three-fold technology, while welding-on was more typical during the 12th–15th centuries. Such technologies reflect different production traditions. One of these technologies, the Scandinavian (three-fold welding technology), brought the most remarkable results in the evolving urban craft. Its implementation was explosive, indeed, but had no essential impact on the further development of Russian iron processing. The other technology – the Slavic – was distinguished by the application of welding-on technology and spread gradually, but turned out to be more sustainable and kept its importance until the beginning of the industrial production of ironware. The interaction of these two traditions determined the character of the Ancient Russian model of blacksmithing.
A New Source for Childbirth Prayers in the Byzantine Rite
Authors: Andreev Aleksandr
Published: April 2022

The author presents a list of all of the Greek and Slavonic Byzantine Rite prayers associated with childbirth that have been edited so far. Then, the author provides a description of a 16th century manuscript Greek Euchologion preserved at the National Library of Russia (Rossijskaja Nactional′naja Biblioteka, RNB) in St. Petersburg, shelfmark Greek 617. The manuscript’s contents are described, providing the rubrics and incipits of the prayers of Christian Initiation, marriage, adelphopoiesis, and the reception of the lapsed. A previously unedited prayer for a woman who has suffered a miscarriage and two previously unedited prayers for midwives are edited and commented. The author concludes with some remarks about postpartum purification prayers in the late-Byzantine and post-Byzantine sources.
Recent Developments in EU Environmental Policy and Legislation
Authors: Fermeglia Matteo
Published: April 2022

This section briefly describes the significant political initiatives and acts of legislation in the environmental field adopted in the period from May 2021 until February 2022.
Cows, Moonshine, Pheasants … versus Soybeans
Authors: Ryzhova Natalia
Published: April 2022

Drawing on decades of participant observation, followed by ethnographic research in Novoalexeevka (the Russian Far East), this article reveals why and how a polyphonic assemblages’ economy (economic relations different from both socialist and capitalist) was substituted by plantation capitalism. The story is that polyphonic assemblage involved almost all the villagers, while in plantation capitalism, almost all of them fell by the wayside. The article demonstrates that a polyphonic assemblages’ economy created on the ruins of socialism have not survived because of the deficit of different types of collaboration (for-translation, for-scaling up, for-protection). The article also explains why even the collective farms (in the article referred to as a socialist assemblage) better satisfied villagers needs than the plantation capitalism that developed.
Understanding Arctic Co-Management: The U.S. Marine Mammal Approach
Authors: Mengerink Kathryn , Roche David , Swanson Greta
Published: April 2022

Co-management is an effective tool through which Alaska Native communities can pursue self-governance and self-determination in regards to marine mammal resources. In the Arctic, co-management typically aims to promote environmental conservation, sustainable resource use, and equitable sharing of resource-related benefits and responsibilities. This paper traces a variety of co-management regimes and other international management frameworks, and posits that co-management of subsistence resources is not just a legal issue or a governance issue, but rather, it is an issue of human rights and environmental justice. It concludes that co-management regimes are most successful when they integrate frameworks for shared responsibility, and build long-term relationships on mutual trust and strong legal agreements.
An Agreement on Enhancing International Arctic Scientific Cooperation: Only for the Eight Arctic States and Their Scientists?
Authors: Shibata Akiho , Raita Maiko
Published: April 2022

At the Arctic Council’s Iqaluit Ministerial Meeting in April 2015, the eight Arctic States decided to extend the mandate of the Task Force on Enhancing Scientific Cooperation in the Arctic (SCTF) in order to work toward a legally binding agreement on scientific cooperation. Based on the Oslo Draft of February 2015, this paper finds that the Agreement may improve the legal environment for Arctic science beyond current international law, including the law of the sea. The Agreement would lower the hurdles heretofore identified in international Arctic scientific cooperation, for example, the difficulties in accessing research areas and research facilities; and, the delays in border crossing procedures for entry and exit of scientists and their equipment and materials. Such an agreement is a good idea and should be promoted. However, non-Arctic States and their scientists may have an issue because the improved legal environment that is sought may benefit only the eight Arctic States and their scientists. In effect, the Agreement may create a two-category system where non-Arctic States and their scientists do not benefit from such improved environment. This paper examines whether they have substantial interests recognized under international law or by the Arctic scientific community by which they can claim certain benefits of the Agreement. We argue that the degree of benefits to non-Arctic States and their scientists under the Agreement should be commensurate with the degree of substantial interests accorded them by international law and by the Arctic scientific community.
The Recent Arctic Council Assessments: Influential Tools in Policy-Making in the Council and Beyond?
Authors: Śmieszek Małgorzata , Stępień Adam , Kankaanpää Paula
Published: April 2022

The scientific assessments of the Arctic Council (AC) have been widely regarded as the most effective products of the AC. Yet, so far comparatively little scholarly attention has been given to this primary area of the Council’s work. This paper examines the most recent assessment work within the Arctic Council. In order to do this, we build on the literature on global environmental assessments to analyze whether this work exhibits design features and is carried out in a way that enhances the potential for AC assessments to be effective. We understand the effectiveness of assessments to influence decision and policy-making in the Arctic Council itself, but we also look beyond its structures. This paper focuses on four case studies: Arctic Biodiversity Assessment (ABA), Arctic Human Development Report-II (ADHR-II), Arctic Resilience Report/Arctic Resilience Assessment (ARR/ARA) and Adaptation Actions for a Changing Arctic (AACA). Whereas detailed examination of such influence is at this point not possible due to either very short time from their completion (ABA, ADHR-II) or the fact that the projects are still ongoing (ARA, AACA), the analysis of those assessments through the lens of a series of their design features provides us with some guidance in relation to their expected effectiveness in bridging science with decision-making in the AC and beyond. The article finds that whereas different processes exhibit different individual characteristics, all the studied assessments rank from relatively high to very high in terms of how their design may affect their salience, credibility and legitimacy. However, their actual policy influence will depend first and foremost on the political will of those ordering the assessments and wielding decision-making power in the Arctic Council.
How Satellites Can Support the Information Requirements of the Polar Code
Authors: Aase Johnny Grøneng , Jabour Julia
Published: April 2022

In 2000, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) adopted a new requirement for all international and cargo ships exceeding a certain size, and all passenger ships, to carry Automatic Identification System (AIS) transponders capable of providing information about the ship to other ships and to coastal authorities automatically. The requirement became effective for all ships on 31 December 2004. AIS provides other vessels with information about, for example, a ship’s identity, position, course, speed and destination.

The IMO is finalizing implementation of the Polar Code for the safety of vessels, which will apply in both polar waters and will require additional information about the profile of the fleets of ships operating there. However it must be noted that the AIS data is generally only available from legitimate operators (for example, licensed fishers, tourist operators and vessels on government service) and if the AIS transponder is turned off, the vessel becomes virtually invisible. This methodology, therefore, is not a stand-alone system.

Norway has currently two satellites in polar orbit capable of receiving AIS signals. AIS is an excellent tool to track tourist vessels and as such create situational awareness and assist in search and rescue operations in the Arctic. The paper presents findings from three regions in the High Arctic: east of the coast of Greenland, north of Svalbard and surrounding the Russian archipelago of Franz Joseph Land, for the years 2010 to 2014 about maritime activities in these regions with a focus on passenger and fishing vessels. It also suggests other satellite-based means for verifying the AIS data.
Fossil caddis cases from the lower Eocene Huachong Formation of the Sanshui Basin, Foshan City, Guangdong Province, South China with detrital zircon analyses
Authors: HUANG DI-YING , SU YI-TONG , LIAN XIN-NENG , GAO JIAN
Published: April 2022

Here we describe for the first time the insect (trace) fossils from the lower Eocene Huachong Formation at the Sanshui Basin in Foshan City, Guangdong Province, South China. Three specimens of caddis cases display different morphologies, but all of them are constructed using mainly ostracods. The detrital zircon from a layer below the fossil bed is studied. Our isotopic chronological analyses of the detrital zircons reveal at least four phases of volcanic activities in this area during the Phanerozoic.
Description of a novel genus with three new species of Phoxocephalidae G. O. Sars, 1891 (Crustacea: Amphipoda) from off northeastern Brazil
Authors: ANDRADE LUIZ F. , SOUZA-FILHO JESSER F. , SENNA ANDRÉ R.
Published: April 2022

Magnaphoxus ajaja gen. et sp. nov., Ma. simplex gen. et sp. nov. and Ma. longicarpus gen. et sp. nov. are described. The material examined was collected off the states of Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte and Bahia during the projects “Avaliação da Biota Bentônica e Planctônica na porção offshore das Bacias Potiguar e Ceará (BPOT)” and “Programa de Avaliação do Potencial Sustentável de Recursos Vivos na Zona Econômica Exclusiva (REVIZEE)”. Additionally, material from other surveys off Brazilian northeastern coast is included. The samples were collected by rectangular dredges, box corer and Van Veen grabs, ranging from shallow waters to 168 meters in depth. The new genus is morphologically similar to the genera Grandifoxus Barnard, 1979, Metharpinia Schellenberg, 1931, Microphoxus Barnard, 1960 and Rhepoxynius Barnard, 1979. However, it can be recognized by the exclusive constricted and very broad rostrum and bilobated coxa 6, plus the combination of characters such as: lower lip outer plate with apical cusps; right mandible without lacinia mobilis; pereopods 3–4 carpus posterior margin with one distal robust long seta; propodus strongly armed with robust setae; uropods 1–2 peduncle dorsolateral margin combed distally; telson with two apical robust setae on each side. All three new species, are fully described, illustrated, and discussed.
An unexpected species complex unveiled in southern European populations of Phragmatiphila nexa (Hübner, [1808]) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Apameini)
Authors: GOVI GUIDO , FIUMI GABRIELE , BARBUT JEROME , SCALERCIO STEFANO , HAUSMANN AXEL
Published: April 2022

DNA barcoding analyses of Phragmatiphila nexa (Hübner, 1808) populations unveiled an unexpected divergence in mtDNA of Italian populations, showing the existence of three allopatric cryptic species. The northernmost BIN is shared with specimens from most other European countries, the southernmost one includes specimens from Basilicata and Calabria regions, and the last BIN includes specimens from Apennines, Sardinia and Corsica. Wing pattern as well as male and female genitalia support the existence of three different species along the Italian peninsula: Phragmatiphila nexa north of the Po River for which we designate a neotype, Phragmatiphila insularis (Turati, 1913), stat. rev. in the Apennines as well as in Sardinia (and Corsica), and Phragmatiphila parenzani sp. n. in the south. The Italian distribution of the genus Phragmatiphila is presented in detail.
Endoluminal Silicone-Covered Stenting in Children: Novel Applications and Lessons Learned
Authors: Patel Anuradha D. , D’Cruz Roshan , Olson Jacob , Lucas Matthew , Baron Chris M. , Novotny Nathan M. , Zamora Irving J. , Lovvorn Harold N.
Published: April 2022

Background

Silicone-covered endoluminal stents have been applied to various hollow visceral disorders in adult patients with varying success. Efficacy of retrievable endoluminal stenting in children is less well-established.

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to evaluate our experience with evolving applications of endoluminal silicone-covered stenting in children.

Research Design

Eight children 19 years and younger having silicone-covered stent placement for various indications at a single institution (2014-2021) were reviewed retrospectively.

Results

Eight patients received a total of 26 silicone-covered stents. Four stent placements (15.4%) were associated with a direct adverse event. To resolve the endoluminal disorder, four patients received multiple stents or further intervention. When evaluating novel applications, clinical benefit was noted for one patient with vaginal atresia, and another after ileal pouch anal anastomosis disruption.

Conclusion

This experience highlights the broad and innovative applications for endoluminal silicone-covered natural orifice stenting in children. Acute processes respond well and rapidly to stenting, although chronic, established fistula may require additional manipulations or surgery.
Reshaping Digital Competition: The New Platform Regulations and the Future of Modern Antitrust
Authors: Deutscher Elias
Published: April 2022

This article reflects on the way in which the new initiatives to regulate powerful online platforms in the European Union, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Germany challenge well-established fundamentals of modern antitrust and thereby reshape the future of competition law. It shows that the new platform regulations set in motion a profound transformation of modern antitrust law that operates along four parameters. First, the new platform regulations unsettle the long-standing baseline assumption that the maximization of consumer welfare constitutes competition law’s core mission. Second, the new instruments repudiate the orthodox understanding of error costs that advocates under-enforcement as the optimal standard of intervention in innovation-driven markets. Third, by relying primarily on rule-like presumptions as legal commands to regulate digital competition, the new platform regulations reverse the trend toward an increasingly inductive mode of analysis that characterized modern antitrust under the “more economic” or “effects-based” approach. Fourth, the new platform regulations also fundamentally diverge from a purely probabilistic standard of proof which requires the showing that impugned conduct is more likely than not to cause anticompetitive harm. The reconfiguration of modern antitrust along these four vectors, the article concludes, foreshadows a new, more inclusive model of innovation and growth in digital markets.
Germany in Transition? An Appraisal of Immigration Trends and Identity Debates in the Context of the 2015–2016 Refugee Crisis
Authors: Mitra Preetha
Published: April 2022

This article examines Germany’s response to the European migrant crisis of 2015–2016 by analysing immigration and identity debates in Germany and their impact on German politics. The refugee crisis sharply divided the European Union and raised questions relating to immigration, humanitarian assistance and the duties towards those fleeing war and persecution. In such a scenario, Chancellor Angela Merkel’s decision to admit more than a million refugees had deep ramifications not only for German politics but also European and international politics at large. After the initial wave of support subsided, xenophobic and right-wing factions emerged, and public opinion began to turn against Merkel. The emergence of such sentiments is at odds with Germany’s complicated relationship with nationalism and right-wing politics in the post-war era. It is this juxtaposition that the article aims to analyse; whether the response to the refugee crisis proves that Germany is on the path to becoming a more inclusive society despite the presence of deep-rooted xenophobic elements. In order to do so, this article has focused on the complex relationship between party politics, immigration trends and identity debates in Germany and its impact on contemporary German politics as a whole.
The Relationship Between Death Anxiety and COVID-19 Fear and Anxiety in Women With Breast Cancer
Authors: Kiyak Sibel , Türkben Polat Hilal
Published: April 2022

This study determined the relationship between death anxiety and COVID-19 related fear and anxiety in women with breast cancer. This is a descriptive correlation-seeking study. The research included 140 women with breast cancer who visit the day treatment unit of the oncology department of a state university hospital. Personal Information Form, Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S), Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS), and Death Anxiety Scale (DAS) were used to collect data. A significant difference was found between the DAS score and body mass index (p = .019) and between FCV-19S score and COVID-19 vaccination status (p = .007). As the fear of COVID-19 and coronavirus anxiety of women with breast cancer increase, death anxiety also increases. In conclusion, death anxiety should be taken into consideration for this patient group while maintaining the continuity of care for these patients now and in future pandemics.
Ars Ludendi: Urban Liturgies as Public Service in a Secular World
Authors: Klomp Mirella
Published: April 2022

Liturgy as art is one of the various particular relationships between liturgy and the arts. This article engages with “liturgy as public art” and addresses the question “how can urban liturgies be understood as public art in secularizing societies?” It presents three examples of contemporary “urban liturgies,” against the backdrop of the transfer and transformation of Christian liturgical forms and repertories from the church to the wider culture in post-Christian, post-secular Western societies. It then offers an anthropological interpretation of such liturgies, using the notion of play, but highlighting an aspect of play that has, so far, remained underexposed in liturgical studies. Afterwards, it unpacks how this anthropological interpretation is anchored in a Lutheran theological view of God as a playful God ( deus ludens), which also gives theology a critical position vis-à-vis liturgical practices. The last section answers the central question by concluding that urban liturgies are alternative occasions that offer a playfield emphatically addressing and challenging people’s hermeneutic capacity to meaningfully deal with the sacred, thus inviting them into God's play. Offering playfields is how these urban liturgies serve the common good: they open up the possibility for people to be drawn into God's play. These liturgies are not just rituals—they are a public art: the art of playing.
Saved by the School Community Strategy: School-Community Alliances for Promoting School Success in Disadvantaged Neighborhoods During Times of Austerity
Authors: Cano-Hila Ana Belén , Sánchez-Martí Angelina
Published: April 2022

Whilst there are many advocates of the notion that a fluid school-neighborhood relationship can improve education, there are gaps in the conceptual and empirical study of school and community governance models. This article analyses how two schools and social actors in two disadvantaged neighborhoods relate, collaborate, and organize to encourage school success for all students. The results make visible the origin and organizational dynamics of the school-community alliances in each community. Partnerships, based on a bottom-linked governance system at the school and community level, are a strategic approach for working together in developing a citizenry that can address both present and future challenges.
Using Indirect Service-Learning to Promote Evidence-Based Digital Mental Health Tools on College Campuses
Authors: Stanger Sarah B. , Lucas Sarah J.
Published: April 2022

Background

College students have increasing mental health needs; however, there has not been a related increase in services available. Mental health apps offer an avenue to support access to student mental healthcare.

Objective

This study incorporated an indirect service-learning project involving evaluating and recommending mental health apps to the college counseling center into an undergraduate clinical psychology course in order to (1) increase student self-efficacy and depth of learning, and (2) increase evidence-based mental health app usage on a college campus.

Method

The project was implemented during an online, synchronous 3-week course and 15 students participated in the study. Student self-report of self-efficacy was measured pre- and post-course and quantitative and qualitative reflections on the project were gathered post-course.

Results

Student self-efficacy increased from pre- to post-course. Additionally, students reported that the project met pedagogical objectives by engaging students, aligning with course content, and addressing APA learning goals.

Conclusion

The project holds promise as a means to improve student self-efficacy and enhance clinical psychology learning, while simultaneously disseminating evidence-based digital mental tools on college campuses.

Teaching Implications

App evaluation as indirect service-learning could be implemented in many applied psychology courses across multiple of course formats and lengths.
Decolonizing the Sneaker: Sneaker Customization and the Racial Politics of Expressive Popular Culture
Authors: Wallace Brandon , Andrews David L.
Published: April 2022

Epitomized by the athletic sneaker industry's lucrative mining of Black bodies and Black culture, the colonization of the racial “Other” by the forces of Western consumer culture has become a defining feature of late capitalism. However, we propose that contemporary consumer culture also offers possibilities for everyday decolonizing practices, specifically those associated with sneaker customization. Drawing on 15 interviews with racially-marginalized sneaker customizers, we explored how individuals used sneaker customization to initiate critical and creative dialogues with the sneaker industry and other late colonizing forces. We found that participants used sneaker customization to assert their humanity through: signaling their personal/group identity; articulating political subversions and solidarities; and seeking to uplift disadvantaged communities. We conclude by encouraging sport scholars to critically engage the possibilities for decolonizing politics as infused within everyday popular cultural practices.
Multidimensionality in the Integration of First- and Second-Generation Migrants in Europe: A Conceptual and Empirical Investigation
Authors: Fajth Veronika , Lessard-Phillips Laurence
Published: April 2022

Immigrant integration scholarship increasingly discusses integration as a multidimensional process. Yet there is considerable inconsistency in how that multidimensionality is conceptualized. This article posits that there are two different logical approaches by which multidimensional frameworks of integration tend to outline their dimensions: the “thematic” (or conceptually driven) approach and the “empirical” approach. We contend that these two approaches lead to differently structured multidimensional frameworks of immigrant integration. To demonstrate these points, we, first, review different conceptualizations and approaches to multidimensionality in prior immigrant integration research, focusing largely on Europe. Through a synthesis of these prior approaches, we outline eight thematic dimensions of integration prevalent in the existing literature. Second, we conduct an original study with cross-European data on first- and second-generation migrants (ESS7 2014-15, N = 1,066) to outline a multidimensional framework based on empirical patterns of co-variation (or distinction) among integration-related outcomes. Our factor analysis of 18 common indicators of integration reveals five main dimensions of integration, with some items relating strongly to more than one dimension. These five “empirical” dimensions (economic/structural integration; health; subjective well-being; cultural assimilation and civic/political integration; and minority socialization) differ from the eight typical “thematic” dimensions identified in existing scholarship in key respects, which we discuss alongside potential connections between integration aspects as suggested by our findings (e.g., between economic and civic/political or between civic/political and cultural aspects). Overall, our article advances migration studies by helping us think more critically about the multidimensionality of immigrant integration and contributes to an emerging literature on integration's multidimensionality.
Insights from Research Network Collaborators on How to Reach Rural Communities with Cancer Prevention and Control Programs
Authors: Brunson Ashley , Troy Catherine , Noblet Samuel , Hebert James R. , Friedman Daniela B.
Published: April 2022

Purpose:

This paper examines community leaders’ and researchers’ recommendations for reaching rural communities in a southeastern U.S. state with cancer prevention and control programming.

Research Design:

A qualitative inquiry of a grant network’s research and community councils was conducted to explore members’ opinions on how to engage rural communities and obtain input on how to recruit rural organizations for a mini-grants program.

Study Sample and Data Collection:

Telephone/virtual interviews were conducted with all 13 council members. Responses were analyzed using thematic analysis and findings were examined within the context of system-centric and patient-centric dimensions.

Results:

Council members discussed limited education, lack of insurance, low socioeconomic status, health care avoidance, and transportation as barriers to cancer prevention and control. They recommended reaching rural populations by partnering with community and faith-based organizations, use of targeted multi-media, and tailored cancer education trainings.

Conclusions:

Findings are used for guiding outreach with rural communities and recruitment of rural organizations for a cancer-focused mini-grants initiative.
Successful radiofrequency ablation of swallowing-induced atrial tachycardia arising from left superior ganglionated plexus
Authors: Yin Jie , Wang Ye , Li Xiaolu , Xue Mei , Cheng Wenjuan , Li Xinran , Shi Yugen , Wang Yu , Lu Hangji , Hu Hesheng , Yan Suhua
Published: April 2022

A man in his early 40s developed palpitations brought on by swallowing and was found to have short runs of atrial tachycardia induced by swallowing solid food. Atrial tachycardia during swallowing was documented on electrocardiography and 24-hour Holter monitoring. No structural heart disease or esophageal disorders were found by echocardiography. The patient then underwent an electrophysiological study and catheter ablation. We mapped the left atrium with a multipolar mapping catheter while the patient swallowed bread and found that the earliest endocardial breakthrough was on the left anterior superior atrium, where the left superior ganglionated plexus was located. We successfully eliminated the paroxysmal atrial tachycardia at this site. Interestingly, in the process of ablation, atrioventricular node reentrant tachycardia was triggered. After the slow-pathway ablation procedure, no further tachycardia was induced.
Dual-Energy CT applications in urinary tract cancers: an update
Authors: Bicci Eleonora , Mastrorosato Matteo , Danti Ginevra , Lattavo Lorenzo , Bertelli Elena , Cozzi Diletta , Pradella Silvia , Agostini Simone , Miele Vittorio
Published: April 2022

Urothelial tumours are the fourth most common cancer in the world and account for the majority of tumours involving the bladder. The symptom that often leads to diagnosis is the presence of haematuria. Diagnosis is made by cystoscopy, which is currently the gold standard in bladder cancer. Computed tomography (CT) performed with pre- and post-contrastographic phases is essential in order to assess the loco-regional and distant extension of disease. The diagnosis and staging of upper tract urothelial cancer (UTUC) are best done with computed tomography urography and flexible ureteroscopy (URS). In the acquisition protocol of this type of tumour, a urographic phase is mandatory, which allows for an accurate diagnostic assessment of the renal pelvis, ureter and bladder, especially in papillary forms. The use of multiple acquisition phases, especially in this type of patient who will have to perform follow-up CTs, leads to the problem of overexposure to ionising radiation, as well as the frequent administration of iodinated contrast medium. For this reason, in recent year, the focus has been put on advanced technologies such as dual-energy CT (DECT), that is a method that can offer some advantages for both radiologist and patient, in the diagnosis of cancer and, in particular, urinary tract disease.
Auditory perception dominates in motor rhythm reproduction
Authors: Hildebrandt Alexandra , Grießbach Eric , Cañal-Bruland Rouwen
Published: April 2022

It is commonly agreed that vision is more sensitive to spatial information, while audition is more sensitive to temporal information. When both visual and auditory information are available simultaneously, the modality appropriateness hypothesis predicts that, depending on the task, the most appropriate (i.e., reliable) modality dominates perception. While previous research mainly focused on discrepant information from different sensory inputs to scrutinize the modality appropriateness hypothesis, the current study aimed at investigating the modality appropriateness hypothesis when multimodal information was provided in a nondiscrepant and simultaneous manner. To this end, participants performed a temporal rhythm reproduction task for which the auditory modality is known to be the most appropriate. The experiment comprised an auditory (i.e., beeps), a visual (i.e., flashing dots), and an audiovisual condition (i.e., beeps and dots simultaneously). Moreover, constant as well as variable interstimulus intervals were implemented. Results revealed higher accuracy and lower variability in the auditory condition for both interstimulus interval types when compared to the visual condition. More importantly, there were no differences between the auditory and the audiovisual condition across both interstimulus interval types. This indicates that the auditory modality dominated multimodal perception in the task, whereas the visual modality was disregarded and hence did not add to reproduction performance.
Factors Associated With Shoulder Activity Level at Time of Surgery and at 2-Year Follow-up in Patients Undergoing Shoulder Stabilization Surgery
Authors: Brophy Robert H. , Dunn Warren R. ,   MOON Shoulder Group, Baumgarten Keith M. , Bishop Julie Y. , Bollier Matthew J. , Bravman Jonathan T. , Feeley Brian T. , Grant John A. , Jones Grant L. , Kuhn John E. , Benjamin Ma C. , Marx Robert G. , McCarty Eric C. , Ortiz Shannon F. , Smith Matthew V. , Wolf Brian R. , Wright Rick W. , Zhang Alan L. , Hettrich Carolyn M.
Published: April 2022

Background:

Patients undergoing shoulder stabilization surgery have been shown to have elevated activity levels. Factors associated with shoulder activity in this patient population at baseline and after surgery are unknown.

Hypothesis:

Patient-specific variables are associated with shoulder activity level at baseline and at 2-year follow-up in a cohort of patients undergoing shoulder stabilization surgery.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.

Methods:

Patients undergoing shoulder stabilization surgery were prospectively enrolled. As part of the data collection process, patients completed a previously validated Shoulder Activity Scale. A regression analysis was performed to assess the association of patient characteristics with baseline and 2-year follow-up shoulder activity levels.

Results:

A total of 764 (n = 612 men, n = 152 women) out of 957 patients (80%) undergoing shoulder stabilization surgery with a median age of 25 years had baseline and 2-year follow-up data and were included in the current analysis. The baseline shoulder activity level was associated with race ( P < .0001) and preoperative duration of instability ( P < .0001). At 2 years, 52% of the cohort had returned to the same or higher activity level after surgery. Predictors of higher shoulder activity level at 2-year follow-up included higher baseline activity level ( P < .0001), male sex ( P < .0001), younger age ( P = .004), higher body mass index (BMI) ( P = .03), more dislocations ( P = .03), nonsmokers ( P = .04), and race ( P = .04).

Conclusion:

A longer duration of preoperative symptoms was associated with a lower baseline activity in this cohort. High baseline preoperative shoulder activity, younger age, male sex, higher BMI, number of dislocations, and nonsmoking status predicted higher shoulder activity 2 years after shoulder stabilization surgery.

Registration:

NCT02075775 ( ClinicalTrials.gov identifier).
Finite element analysis of human lumbar vertebrae in internal fixation system model with different bone density trajectories
Authors: Maitirouzi Julaiti , Luo Huiqing , Zhou Zhihao , Ren Hangning , Rexiti Paerhati
Published: April 2022

Purpose:

To evaluate the biomechanics effect of modified cortical bone screw technique (MCBT) with other traditional internal fixation systems on lumbar osteoporotic wet specimen.

Methods:

Four different finite element models were established using CT data: (1) lumbar osteoporosis model without internal fixation system; (2) traditional pedicle screw technology (TT) model; (3) traditional cortical bone screw technology (CBT) model; (4) MCBT model. The changes of global displacement, intervertebral disc displacement of all models and internal fixation system Von Mises stress among the three models were compared under the same physiological load.

Results:

Compared with the other three models, the total displacement of the modified CBT screw model was the smallest, with the maximum displacement of 0.216 mm; The intervertebral disc displacement of the modified CBT screw model was the smallest, with the maximum displacement of 0.149 mm; the internal fixation system Von Mises stress of the modified CBT screw technique model was the largest compared with the other three models, The maximum Von Mises stress is 232.73 MPa.

Conclusion:

Compared to traditional pedicle screw and traditional CBT, MCBT has better mechanical stability, and it is of certain clinical application value.
Assessing the Development of Digital Scientific Literacy With a Computational Evidence-Based Reasoning Tool
Authors: Holincheck Nancy , Galanti Terrie M. , Trefil James
Published: April 2022

The evolving digital world requires scientifically literate citizens who are able to critically evaluate Internet sources of varying credibility. Instruction on evidence evaluation in postsecondary education often focuses on peer-review as a singular indicator of credibility. With increased access to web-based scientific information, students must also learn to think critically in real-time about the dimensions of credibility. This study describes the integration of sInvestigator, a computational evidence-based scientific reasoning tool, with a class of 32 students in an undergraduate honors course focused on socio-scientific issues. A cross-disciplinary team of researchers with expertise in science education, scientific literacy, and evidence evaluation developed and implemented an online questionnaire to measure students’ development of digital scientific literacy. After using sInvestigator to evaluate sources of scientific evidence based on publisher reputation, author competence, and author objectivity, students were better able to assess the credibility of online information. Results of this study also confirm the potential to authentically assess students’ use of author and publisher information to evaluate digital scientific sources. The need for further research on the operationalization and measurement of digital scientific literacy is discussed.
A Citizen Science and Photovoice Approach to Food Asset Mapping and Food System Planning
Authors: Soma Tammara , Li Belinda , Shulman Tamara
Published: April 2022

Food asset mapping conducted by planners and policymakers usually consists of an online map identifying the locations of food-related sites in cities. However, food asset mapping may be limited in its consideration for ecological and cultural assets critical for community food security. Furthermore, what are considered “assets” may not reflect the everyday lived experiences of marginalized communities. This study applied a “citizen science” photovoice food asset mapping involving diverse participants in the City of Vancouver. In applying a citizen science photovoice approach, this study surfaced “hidden” contexts, food assets, and stories to integrate diverse community perspectives in food system planning.
Ten Influential Point-of-Care Ultrasound Papers: 2021 in Review
Authors: Millington Scott J. , Arntfield Robert T. , Koenig Seth J. , Mayo Paul H. , Vieillard-Baron Antoine
Published: April 2022

The ongoing rapid expansion of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) and its corresponding supporting literature leaves the frontline clinician in a difficult position when trying to keep abreast of the latest developments. Our group of POCUS experts has selected ten influential POCUS-related papers from the past twelve months and provided a short summary of each. Our aim is to give to emergency physicians, intensivists, and other acute care providers key information, helping them to keep up to date on rapidly evolving POCUS literature.