bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Proposal for Temperature Settings of Poultry Houses, Aiming at Death Reduction
Authors:   Nagoya Institute of Technology, Akamatsu Seiya , Nishina Ken ,   Aichi Institute of Technology, Kawamura Hironobu
Published: December 2020

Poultry farming is an important industry in Japan. To increase profits, firms seek to increase the numbers of eggs produced by reducing the number of hen deaths during breeding periods. We hypothesize that the setting temperature of the poultry house has a large influence on the number of deaths. Therefore, we conduct a regression analysis on the number of hen deaths to reveal the influence of temperature. Thus, we correlate the fluctuating ranges of summer temperatures with hen deaths. The large fluctuating range of temperature seems to reduce the number of deaths in summer.We speculate that a rise of the temperature in a poultry house with a rise of outside temperature leads to an increase of the fluctuating range of the setting temperature and the reduction of the number of deaths.
The Chinese Way Quality Revolution - Introduction
Authors: Kuan Sheng-Pin , Liao Hsien-Mo ,   Chaoyang University of Technology
Published: December 2020

The development and promotion of quality related knowledge and technology is not developed independently, it would be developed accompany with the necessary requirements in politics, economy, industrial, and technology of community, society, region, country, and whole world. Everything should observe the world’s status, see the surrounding situation, know the people's thinking, then can understand the future trends, grasp the precise situation. The principle of the operation of an organization should be based on the trend, to obtain the advantages of future development, and then we can do something meaningful. In March 2018, before returning to Taiwan from the holiday of Jingzhou, the author visited the cousin Shipping family for a few days in Wuhan. During the period, we went to the “Wuhan Uprising Military Government Site” next to the Yellow Crane Tower in Wuhan. After returning to Taiwan, based on our own memory and some literatures, we compiled a list of some important events that occurred in the past 70 years of cross-strait political and economic development. The term “Quality Revolution” first appeared at the Standing Committee of the State Council of China on May 11, 2016, referring to a series of reforms aimed at increasing consumer varieties, improving product quality, creating well-known brands and upgrading people’s consumer demand. Taking steps in all sectors to improve quality, we will work toward meeting the highest international standards, encourage the spirit of workmanship, and launch a “Made in China Quality Revolution”. At this moment, the China proposed the “Made in China Quality Revolution”, which inspired the author’s inner world’s hope, and thus expanded it into the “Chinese Way Quality Revolution”. When we discuss the issue of economic and social development of a country, with quality as its topic, it will get less controversy in ideology. The quality of the subject to the “essence of substance” requirements are precise and accurate; to the “process of business” focus on efficiency, effectiveness and value; to the “conduct oneself” emphasis on words and deeds should be consistent; to the “quality of life” pursue the balance of production, ecology and life; to the society “Datong (The Ideal World)” is our dream. Under the guidance of the above-mentioned quality issues, quality professionals are engaged in scientific research, technological development, and application promotion to improve the quality of human life. There will be many projects that can be carried out, especially the establishment of “The Chinese way TQM” and carry out “The Chinese way Quality Revolution”.
Qualitative Survey of Graduate Practice — An Intervention for Young Unemployed Jobseekers in Slovakia
Authors:   University of Zilina, Svabova Lucia , Borik Vladimir ,   Research Agency, Durica Marek ,   University of Zilina, Grudin Johanna ,   Labor Studies at AAER
Published: December 2020

Active labour market policy interventions are vide used tool of a government against unemployment. One of the most frequently used intervention for young jobseekers in Slovakia is a Contribution for Graduate practice. This measure is intended for young unemployed jobseekers as a tool of gaining first contact with the open labour market and with potential employer and gaining first work experiences. In this paper we present a qualitative survey of Graduate practice that was made as an ex-post evaluation of this intervention by its participants in Slovakia. This evaluation of the intervention was carried out at the request of the European Commission not only in Slovakia but also in several countries of the European Union. The qualitative evaluation, as a part of this rigorous intervention evaluation, provides feedback from the real intervention participants and brings some suggestions to improve the parameters and conditions of Graduate practice intervention and its realization. These improvements are useful not only for participants themselves, for companies in which young graduates are employed but also for the state budget in the form of returned or saved invested funds because of better functioning of the intervention. Based on the results of this feedback from its real participants, some parameters, conditions and details of the Graduate practice intervention have been changed and added in Slovakia.
Cariño Project: Sustainable Baby Clothes Year 1
Authors:   UniRitter, Anerose Perini , Pauperio Titton Maria Beatriz ,   UniRitter, Luiz Salvalaio Cláudio ,   UniRitter
Published: December 2020

The article presents the development of the Extension Cariño project: sustainable baby clothes in its first year of operation. This is an action research carried out by teachers and scholarship students of the project with the partner communities.
PATRON SAINTS OF GEORGIA IN MODERN ORTHODOX WRITERS’ LITERATURE
Authors: Suzryukova Elena
Published: December 2020

Semantics and functions of images that represent Georgia’s patron saints are examined in this article as exemplified in the Georgian Rhapsody, a collection of stories by O. Nikolayeva, stories by M. Saradzhishvili (from the books Do not rush to condemn and Next to you), Exile, a short story by V. N. Lyalin, and Wonderful journey to Orthodox Georgia by O. Rozhneva. Referring to episodes from the hagiography of Georgian saints in the texts in question allow us to trace the spiritual history of Georgia since the time of adoption of Christianity. The detailed list of saints is present in the books of О. Nikolayeva and О. Rozhneva. Even though only particular periods of Georgia's history are reflected in the stories of М. Saradzhishvili and V. N. Lyalin, the country's patron saints participation in the life of their characters in Georgia’s recent past or present day is undeniable. For example, Saint Equal-to-the-Apostles Nina performs a guardian function and her appearance during the Soviet years provides spiritual support to the female character of V. N. Lyalin’s story. First and foremost, a patron in combat, Saint George the Trophy Bearer is also a patron of the family. Venerable David of Garedzha is both an example of humility and a patron of the hearth and home. With his gift of prophecy, Blessed Gabriel (Urgebadze), mentioned in the book by О. Rozhneva, also assists on the path of personal salvation. Whereas О. Rozhneva’s book is exclusively focused on depicting Orthodox Georgia and its saints, the work of О. Nikolayeva provides a more comprehensive image of Georgia, including a vast stratum of the country’s cultural characteristics. In О. Nikolayeva’s book the saints represent a significant facet of Georgia’s image.
NEW DATA ON SEASONAL MINERALS OF MUD VOLCANOES IN AZERBAIJAN
Authors: Rybak O.M. , Paryshev O.O. , Grishchenko N.O.
Published: December 2020

The article discusses the morphology and material composition of seasonal minerals of mud volcanoes in Azerbaijan Mud volcanism is a complex and rather unexplored geological phenomenon. Mud volcanoes are known in Turkmenistan, Dagestan, Georgia, Sakhalin, Taman Peninsula, Crimea, Azerbaijan and many regions of the World. In the geological literature, this phenomenon has been widely reflected. The bibliography of scientific works on mud volcanism has hundreds of titles. One of the classic areas of mud volcano development is Azerbaijan. In the process of geological research in recent decades, a huge geological material has been accumulated on the mud volcanism of Azerbaijan. The described types of mud volcanoes eruptions and the material composition of the mound breccia, it was possible to discover new interesting facts of unusual mineralogical finds. Of particular interest are authigenic minerals formed directly from the water phase of mud volcanoes and are seasonal. Their formation indicates that mineral formation processes are active in these natural sites. The occurrence of seasonal minerals is controlled by several factors, including the climatic conditions of the region. Main part of such minerals crystallizes only in dry and warm weather, which makes their systematic research much more difficult. The sodium hydroxide described in the article, which is very unstable under natural conditions, is a confirmation of this. However, even for a short interval of the existence of seasonal minerals, studying the features of their composition, one can obtain important information for genetic constructions. In addition to exogenous minerals of the weathering zone, the article also describes molybdenite associated with hydrothermal processes. The study of the mineral component of both endogenous and exogenous processes makes it possible to assess their evolution, the direction of the geological development of mud volcanoes in the region.
Modern Level of Research, Innovation, and Patent Activities in Ukraine
Authors:   Institute of Physics, NAS of Ukraine, Fesenko O.M. , Korskanov V.V. ,   Institute of Physics, NAS of Ukraine, Budnyk O.P. ,   Institute of Physics, NAS of Ukraine, Pogoretskii P.P. ,   Institute of Physics, NAS of Ukraine
Published: December 2020

Introduction. The development of patent and innovation is impossible without a strong scientific base. That is why the R&D potential of the state is one of the main factors that reflect the level of both economic and technical level of its development. Unfortunately, the level of patent innovation in Ukraine is low, despite the strong R&D potential. Problem statement. The efficiency of innovations, trends in nanotechnology patenting, and the level of nanotechnology development in Ukraine are mainly determined by the qualifications of Ukrainian researchers. Therefore, preserving the R&D potential of Ukraine and preventing its outflow abroad are among the most pressing problems today. Purpose. To determine the role of R&D in the economy of Ukraine and the world, the level of publications of Ukrainian authors, the effectiveness, patent circulation, and prospects of innovations in Ukraine. To characterize the world market of nanotechnologies and the level of development of nanotechnologies in Ukraine and to provide a forecast of innovative development in Ukraine and the world. Materials and Methods. Statistical data of R&D potential of Ukraine, number of research works in Ukraine, materials on the quantitative and qualitative level of scholarly research publications of Ukrainian authors, patent circulation, the efficiency of innovations in Ukraine for the period 2010—2017, for forecasting of innovative development in Ukraine and the world on the coming decades. Results. The R&D potential of Ukraine, the current level of nanotechnology, innovation, and trends in their further development have been evaluated. The innovative development in Ukraine and the world until 2030 has been forecasted. Conclusions. Ukraine has a strong R&D potential, but the level of patent and innovation activity in Ukraine is low. Against the background of the integration of Ukrainian researchers into the world community, there is a significant increase in the number of joint scholarly research publications of Ukrainian researchers with foreign colleagues.
The Dynamics of The Democratic Process In Legal Politics In Indonesia And Egypt
Authors: Nahrowi Nahrowi , Masyrofah Masyrofah , Handayani Nurul
Published: December 2020

The implementation of democratic systems in several Muslim countries has obstacles. This is due to the development of people's thinking patterns about understanding democracy itself. Islam as a religion emphasizes the establishment of harmonious relations in the life of the state, but when applying the relationship of Islam and democracy in the life of the state does not necessarily be smooth at the level of practice. Ideally a country that runs a democratic system has a higher level of community participation in developing the country. But on the other hand, It faced with the reality of the problems in implementing democratization in the Islamic world. There are countries that are claimed to succeed as democratic countries, generally after going through a transition period of transfer of government power. But on the contrary, not a few countries that have not or are not ready to accept change as a process of democratization are actually trapped in the struggle for power and lead to conflict and violence. Therefore it is important to discuss about the challenges and obstacles of democratization in the Islamic world. With a normative-empirical approach, this article aims to analyze the problems of the democratization process in two Muslim countries, namely Indonesia and Egypt. This study found that the process of democratization as a part of legal politics system in Muslim countries must adapt to the culture and political conditions of each country. The challenges of the democratization process in Indonesia and Egypt, namely the media, ideology, natural resources, common vision and mission in developing the country, strong commitment from all components of the nation, political will of the head of state related to power sharing and strengthening dialogue with the people. While the obstacles are prolonged political, economic and social instability making it vulnerable to the emergence of conflict and violence, political, cultural and religious sectarianism, authoritarianism, internal and external conflicts.
Environmental Protection and BITs of Bangladesh, Malaysia and USA: A Comparison
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Belayet
Published: December 2020

In absence of any global treaty, the bilateral investment treaties (BITs) are playing an important role of regulating foreign investments in the host countries. According to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, there are 2361 BITs in force and like other members of the World Trade Organization, Bangladesh, Malaysia and USA also signed BITs to facilitate trade. The primary purpose of economic globalization is the economic development of the developing and least-developed countries as well as to facilitate benefits of the home states. Bangladesh and Malaysia foreign investment laws has no specific provision of protecting environment and fails to maintain high standard like USA environment laws. This paper addresses two questions: (a) do the bilateral investment treaties of Bangladesh, Malaysia and USA has any specific provision to protect the environment in the host country? (b) should the environmental protection be considered during the entry of foreign investments in Bangladesh, Malaysia and USA? Using doctrinal research method, we critically analyzed 40 BITs signed by Bangladesh, Malaysia and USA with different countries to explore whether there is any specific reference of protecting environment. We find that the existing BITs mainly have provisions to promote and protect foreign investments, and 7 out of 40 BITs have specific reference of protecting environment. Therefore, the governments should consider this important factor to insert while signing any future BITs.
The Nobility of the Left-Bank Ukraine in the middle of the XIX century: the Problem of Determining the Quantitative Composition
Authors: Yakymenko Liudmyla I.
Published: December 2020

The quantitative composition of the nobility of the Left-Bank Ukraine in the middle of the XIX century on the basis of published documents is being considered. In most cases, the source material for the calculation of the number of nobility were genealogical books, the terms of which were not limited. The main reasons for the differences in determining the number of nobles that exist in historiography are: the lack of a single well-organized population accounting system, different approaches to calculations, unreliability of data from the counties, negligence in genealogical books keeping, bureaucratic retrenchment, etc. The data of various statistical sources is analyzed, namely the materials of the Memorial books of Chernihiv (1862) and Poltava (1865) provinces. The presence of technical errors in the Memorial books has been identified. The calculations of the number of personal and hereditary nobles of the Poltava and Chernihiv provinces have been made. It is determined that the number of personal nobles in both provinces was greater than hereditary, while in general in the Russian Empire the hereditary nobility prevailed. The percentage of hereditary and personal nobles in both provinces was almost identical, which suggests similar conditions for the formation and existence of the nobility of the Left-Bank Ukraine in the middle of the nineteenth century. The quantitative composition of the nobility of the Left-Bank Ukraine according to the gender index is analyzed.
Images of Jews in the minds of the Russian Administration and Society of the Front-line Zone during the First World War
Authors: Lavrenko Valeriia S.
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes generalized visions of the Jewish population that existed during 1914–1917 in the surrounding of Russian administration and among the general population of the temporarily occupied territories of Russian empire and of its western provinces. The source base of the study is presented by documents of the gendarme agency from the collections of the Central State Historical Archive of Ukraine (Kyiv). They reveal the political mood of the population, rumors and statements that potentially can destabilize the situation in the region. The sources give the following generalized characteristics of the Jewish population: 1. Jews avoid military service and public works; 2. Jews massively sympathize to the enemy and gladly perceive his victories and defeats of the Russian army; 3. Jews spy in favor of Austria-Hungary; 4. During the war, the Jewish population significantly increased its wealth by raising prices for essential goods; 5. Jews gain excessive wealth in the game of exchange rates; 6. Jews in Galicia directly agitate for the return of the Austrian authorities; 7. Jews represent a community that is unsafe to provide civil rights, because it will automatically strike in the interests of the rest of the population; 8. Jews are often robbed during the war, but they deserve it; 9. The Jewish community is characterized by a special rejection of Nicholas II’s personal and royal family; 10. Jews massively spread anti-Russian rumors. The author concludes that most of the characteristics of the Jewish population reflect the attitude towards it as a “domestic enemy”. The Russian authorities, both in the front-line provinces and territories temporarily occupied during the war, actively contributed to the formation of such a negative image. This fully fitted into the policy of the tsarist government, which can be characterized as state anti-Semitism. Later, such actions were partly due to the pogromous activity of the local population against the Jews in the revolutionary purges of 1917-1921.
Archeographic Publications of Cossack Chronicles during ХVІІІ–ХХІ centuries
Authors: Voitsekhovska Tetiana V.
Published: December 2020

The article shows the publications of the Cossack Chronicles of Eyewitness, H. Hrabianka’s and S. Velychko’s during ХVІІІ–ХХІ centuries. During the study historical and comparative method and method of analysis and synthesis were used. The distinctive phenomenon of Ukrainian historiography of the late seventeenth – and early eighteenth-century is the so-called «Cossack chronicles». These works are products of the culture of the Cossack chancellerists of the Hetmanate, which were the new forms of history writing. Cossack chronicles deals with the political concept social elite of ХVІІІ century and cultural ideals of the Baroque period. The article contains the analysis of the publications these historical-literary compositions, their correspondence to the academic, scientific-critical or popular type of publications. The ways and methods of text transmission, which were used in the publication of the Cossack «chronicles» taking into account in edition practice of their editorial offices and numerous copies are disclosed. The scientific support of publications of Cossack «chronicles», are characterized. The article contains the analysis of the presence of comments, notes, name and geographical indications, the dictionary of obsolete words, archeographic, paleographic and textological study of the compositions, as well as information about the author’s personality in the texts of Cossack «chronicles» . Today there are several editions of Cossack Chronicles. But these publications are not intended for historians, but for a wide range of readers and do not qualify for a scientific status. Because these texts are reprints or photographic reproduction of the earlier editions of the second half of the nineteenth – early twentieth century. The publication 1971 of the Chronicle of the Eyewitness is the most qualitative publication from all the Cossack chronicles. This text is given in comparison with the corresponding fragments of the remaining copies of the composition, and this work has the obligatory attributes of academic type of the publication. Therefore modern Ukrainian historical science is in urgent need of a full-fledged scientific study and reprinting of the Cossack Chronicles of Eyewitness, H. Hrabianka’s and S. Velychko’s which was important historical narratives and compositions of the political thought of the eighteenth century.
The Library Аctivity of Katerinoslav Scientific Archival Commission
Authors: Luchka Ludmila M.
Published: December 2020

At the end of the 19th century archival commissions as historical societies began to work in the provinces of the Imperial state. The application about opening of Katerinoslav province scientific commission was prepared in 1902. It was signed by famous elective district council members, public figures, cultural and educational leaders. The society of historians, archivists, ethnographers, archeologists and specialists in regional studies worked in Katerinoslav in 1903?1916. The author shows history and activity of the library of a local society as a province centre of local lore history. The printed editions of the society called “Chronocles” (volumes I?X) which contain proceedings of the commission meetings were the main source of research. The library collected works on history, archeology, ethnography and historical geography of Katerinoslav province. From the beginning of the library foundation it played an important part in the development of the society. The members of the society paid great attention to forming of book collections on regional history. From the first years of its activity the commission constantly supported book exchange with other institutions and organizations which favoured the spreading of knowledge and exchanging of experience. The sources contain information about people who gladly gave necessary and useful literature to the commission. Professors, teachers of local educational institutions, museum workers, cultural and educational leaders of Ukraine were among the members of the commission. In 1910 the commission totaled 11 honoured and 54 full members. Local activists paid special attention to keeping of church archive. In particular, D. I. Yavornitsky defended the thought about studying of archival documents as written evidence on the history of Ukrainian people. The library collection according to its content, subject, and chronology is considered in the article; authors groups are analyzed. Donations from different organizations and private persons were a valuable source of supplement of the commission’s book stock. The members of the commission had the opportunity to work with scientific editions of Kharkiv, Lviv and Odessa universities. The article reveals the role of A. S. Sinyavsky, V. O. Bidnov and I. Y. Akinfiev in the process of formation of readers’ tastes, scientific interest and professional level of Katerinoslav inhabitants at the beginning of the 20th century. Library activists maintained an active position in the activity of the society. For the period of existence 6 surnames of persons who took an active part in the commission’s librarianship are known.
The Holocaust in Ukraine
Authors: Strilchuk Maryna V.
Published: December 2020

The national historiography of the Holocaust was analyzed in the article. The author described the main forms of representation of the theme in the Ukrainian researchers’ papers. The main trends and stages of Holocaust Studies in Ukraine were determined. The author analyzed the socio-political conditionality of the Holocaust historiography in different stages, from Soviet time till modernity. The author concluded that Ukrainian historians focuses on the key points of the history of the Holocaust in their papers: anti-Semitic propaganda in the occupied territory of Ukraine, the methods and forms of Jewish resistance to the Nazis, Ukrainian-Jewish relations during the Second World War, politics and culture of the memory of the Holocaust.
Ethno-social Communities of Yekaterinoslav Region in the Conditions of Industrialization and Urbanization at the end of XIX – beginning of XX centuries
Authors: Shliakhov Oleksii B.
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the article is to find out the peculiarities of the development of ethnosocial communities in the Dnipro region during the modernization period, to analyze the impact of the then industrialization and urbanization on the lives of representatives of various ethnic groups in the region. Research methods: problem-chronological, comparative historical, historical genetic. Main results: The article highlights the ethnonational composition of the population of the Yekaterinoslav province in the late XIX - early XX century and disclosed factors that influenced its formation. The attention was focused on the fact that the urban population of the Yekaterinoslav region differed significantly in its ethnic composition from the inhabitants of the province. Moreover, the more the city was, and the more clearly the industrial component was manifested in it, the less Ukrainians lived in it. It is concluded that the Ukrainian population did not determine the cultural appearance of the cities of the region and rather quickly underwent assimilation. Accordingly, the process of ethnonational modernization of the Ukrainians at that time was extremely slow. Analyzed how industrialization and urbanization affected the stereotypes of views and behavior of the representatives of the main ethnic groups of the Dnipro region. Thus, Russians and Jews, as well as representatives of German and Polish ethnic groups, were most actively involved in entrepreneurial activity in Yekaterinoslav region at that time. At the same time, the local proletariat consisted mainly of immigrants from the central Russian provinces. Attention was paid to interethnic relations in the region, it was noted that the latter were characterized not only by mutual influence, but also by numerous conflict situations. Practical significance: recommended for use in training courses and generalizing works on the history of Ukraine in the XIX – early XX centuries, as well as on the ethnopolitics. Originality: а generalized description of the situation of the main national communities of Yekaterinoslav region in the conditions of forced industrialization and urbanization processes of the post-reform period is given. Scientific novelty: for the first time, it is shown how actively ethnic Ukrainians, Russians, Jews, Germans and Poles of the Yekaterinoslav region joined business activity, and also from which national groups the working class of the region was predominantly formed. Article type: explanation.
Dnipropetrovsk Institute of Social Education
Authors: Savchuk Varfolomii S. , Kushlakova Nadiia M. , Ryabchenko Olha L.
Published: December 2020

The aim of the article is to illuminate the process of the emergence and activities of the Dnipropetrovsk Institute of Social Education, to provide a detailed picture of the transformations occurred in it, to find out the fate of this institution and its influence on the resumption of the activities of the Dnipropetrovsk State University. Research methods: analytic-synthetic, historical-chronological, comparative-historical, logical. The main results and scientific novelty: for the first time the main components and consequences of the activity of the Dnipropetrovsk Institute of Social Education for a short time of its existence have been considered in detail. The dynamics of changes in staff and students of the Institute has been analyzed, the factors influenced these changes have been clarified. Practical value: systematic factual base for comparative analysis of activity and further development and transformations of the Institutes of Social Education of Ukraine and analysis of statistics of their staff and student body have been created in the process of the research. Originality of research is based on a wide range of sources used and their and their analytic-synthetic processing. Article type: theoretical research. Main results. We consider the problematic issues related to the education and activities of Dnipropetrovsk Institute of Social Education. The composition of the institute departments in the study period is clarified, its quantitative and subject dynamics are shown. The introductory campaigns to Dnipropetrovsk (Novomoskovsk) Institute of Social Education have been systematically studied. The dynamics of quantitative changes in the composition of freshmen in the years 1930-1933 is investigated. and the student contingents as a whole. The statistical data on the distribution of first-year students by gender, social status, nationality, party membership and LCYU are given and analyzed. The dynamics of transformational reformations caused by the relocation of the Dnipropetrovsk Institute of Social Education to Novomoskovsk was studied. The influence of transformational reformations on the personnel and student staff of Dnipropetrovsk Institute of Social Education is considered. The contingents of students of the day-time and evening department of the Working Faculty by the DISЕ and the base of their replenishment are determined. The data on the professorial staff of the Dnipropetrovsk Institute of Social Education at the time of its transformation to Novomoskovsk are given and the factors that influenced the decision of the overwhelming majority of professors to remain in Dnipropetrovsk are analyzed. The conclusion is made about the expediency of changing the institute location and its influence on the further institute development.
Historiographic tradition in covering the development of the bourgeoisie in the Dnipro Ukraine of the second half of the 19th – early 20th century
Authors: Peretokin Andrii G.
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the article is to define the stages of the study of historiography of the problem of the bourgeoisie formation in the Dnieper region of Ukraine of the second half of the nineteenth and early twentieth century. Research methods: general historical methods (historical-comparative, historical-typological, historical-systematic) and special-historical (periodization, chronological, problem-chronological). Classification, historical-biographical methods and network analysis method are used. Main results: The article highlights three periods of historiography of the study of the problem of the bourgeoisie formation in the Dnieper region of Ukraine in the second half of the nineteenth and early twentieth century: pre-revolutionary, Soviet and modern. Concise conclusions: at the first stage of the research the studies were pragmatic, they were not complex historical works. The authors focused on the process of monopolization of industry and the role of foreign capital in the development of the region. They were specialists well-informed in their business, therefore, in their works, we can find valuable information about the economic situation, statistical data, coverage of the work of the congresses of the southern mining industry. During the second period, Ukrainian and Russian scientists worked a lot and fruitfully, exploring the problems of economic and industrial development of the Dnieper region of Ukraine. The works of the scientists became not narrowly pragmatic and more scientifically substantiated and more fundamental. However, these works were ideologized by the Marxist-Leninist methodology. During the third stage of the study of the problem in independent Ukraine, opportunities for conducting complex and systematic studies have improved. Practical significance: The research is recommended for use in teaching history of Ukraine of the second half of the nineteenth and early twentieth century. Originality: the generalization of the experience of historiography research of the problem of the bourgeoisie development is used. Scientific novelty: for the first time the method of network analysis is proposed. It allows to determine the role and place of the individual representatives of the bourgeoisie of the Dnieper region in the Ukrainian intellectual community. Article type: overview description.
The serial publications as sources of research on the history of agricultural experimental work in Ukraine
Authors: Borodai Iryna S.
Published: December 2020

The aim is to analyze the bibliographic series based on the National Scientific Agricultural Library of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine. The methods are source analysis, in particular, the use of traditional methods of classification and critique of documentary sources, its identification, analysis and synthesis. Scientific novelty. The article covers the topics of the most popular series “Agrarian Science of Ukraine in Persons, Documents, Bibliographies”, that was founded in 1998. The theoretical and practical contribution in the development of a strategy for managing the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine by well-known scientists M. Vavilov, O. Kvastsnyky, P. Sloskin, K. Gedroits, V. Resemlo, I. Lukinov, O. Alesho, S. Tretyakov, B. Yenken, A. Sko­rohodko, O. Bugutsky, D. Lykhvar, A. Sapegin, V. Pe­re­sipkin, C. Frankfurt, O. Kalachikov, M. Krav­chenko, M. Zubets, P. Prokopovych, V. Kudashev is revealed. Originality. Thematic blocks of serial editions are devoted to issues of the role of academic scientific institutions in scientific and methodological support and coordination of scientific researches, development of some branches of agriculture, with its general characterization are set. Main results. The significance of serial publications as an information resource for studying the history of the forming and development of agricultural research work, the formation of a network of branch scientific institutions, the extension of agrarian education, the establishment of scientific schools and areas in agrarian science, actualization of the scientific heritage for solving urgent issues of the present, etc. The most numerous block of editions is devoted to the development of academic branch science, which took place within the framework of the functioning of the All-Ukrainian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the Department of Agricultural Sciences of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR, the Ukrainian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the Southern Department of the All-Union Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine. Conclusions. It is shown that serial editions, created on the basis of a wide range of diverse sources, mainly Ukrainian archival funds, periodicals, statistical materials, scientific literature, promote the representation and evaluation of the activities of some agricultural scientists and research teams in the departmental, regional and sectoral aspects. Practical meaning. The article will contribute to the expansion of the source resource for the study of the formation and development of the agricultural researching work in Ukraine.
“My travel abroad will give definitely positive impacts…”: Foreign missions of teachers of higher educational establishments in the 1920s and early 1930s
Authors: Riabchenko Olha , Kushlakova Nadiia , Savchuk Varfolomii
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the article is to analyze the dynamics of foreign missions of teachers of higher educational establishments of the Ukrainian SSR during the 1920s – early 1930s, the goals and results of their cooperation with the international scientific centers in the context of the communication strategies of scientists in general. Research methods: methods of sociocultural and local analysis have become important for the writing of this article, in particular for the study of individual experiences of international communication of teachers, bringing microhistorical analysis into a single system of interconnection, the transformation of the multiplicity of individual “stories” into a holistic picture, as well as general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, retrospective and historical-comparative. Main results. The analysis of the basic principles of organization of foreign missions of scientists of Ukraine: financial, formal-organizational, by scientific directions and by scientific status. Summary. It has been established that during the 1920s, the previous contacts of scientists with foreign colleagues were maintained, the new contacts were made. The majority of business trips were provided to the representatives of industrial, technical and agricultural verticals. It was noted that only representatives of higher educational establishments of the USSR, mainly Kharkiv, had the opportunity to visit European scientific centers, and only known scientists could constantly maintain contacts with foreign countries. For the postgraduate students and young scientist quotas were set aside for international business trips at the expense of People’s Commissariat of Education, but they were not enough to establish the strong communication with a particular scientific community abroad. It was proved that communication practices were not limited to the scientific cooperation of individual scientists or institutions, they were also the examples of cultural interaction with the general public – teachers were invited to read public lectures in front of diverse audiences, to give speeches at solemn receptions, to visit colleagues abroad at home. The sightseeing programs were also an integral part of this process, helping to establish closer contacts. Practical implication. Results and conclusions can be used to further explore the problem outlined. Originality. The research was carried out a thorough analysis of a large number of archival documents, most of which were first put into circulation. Scientific novelty. Data on the number of business trips received during the 1920s were clarified. The issue of state funding of business trips was first solved, the requirements for candidates for business trips were analyzed, and the achievements of the Ukrainian SSR scientists were evaluated by the international community and the reasons of the decline of communication activity. Article type: empirical.
Kharkov Classical University and Kharkiv Institute of Public Education: problems of heredity (historiographical subjects)
Authors: Bohdashyna Olena , Kudelko Serhii
Published: December 2020

The aim of the article is to highlight the evolution of ideas in Soviet and modern historiography on (non)perception of scientific traditions of the Kharkiv Imperial University by the Institute of Public Education named after O. O. Potebnya (KhIPE). Research methods: problematic-historiographic, historical-chronological, comparative-historical; principles of systematicity and objectivity. Main results and scientific novelty: for the first time it has been considered in detail how researchers assessments have changed from denying the necessity of mastering the old principles of higher education to the perception of the Kharkiv Institute of Public Education named after O. O. Potebnia as the heir of the pre-revolutionary university with partial preservation of traditions. The coverage in the historical thought of the 20s of the 20th and the beginning of the 19th century of problematic issues related to the establishment and operation of the KhIPE is analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the diversity of opinions and assessments of the KhIPE perceptions of the traditions of the Kharkiv Imperial University. The authors concludes that the traditions of the Kharkiv University were partially preserved in the work of the KhIPE, thanks to the inherited material base, and most importantly, the preserve of the main teaching staff, employees and part of the pre-revolutionary students. In the latter case, the years of 1921–1924 are meant, when some of students who had studied before the university closed in 1919 returned to study and non the latter case, the years of 1921–1924 are meant, when some of students who had studied before the university closed in 1919 returned to study and non-proletarian youth made up a significant proportion of the student contingent. In historical science the KhIPE’s estimation as successor to the Kharkiv University is unstable. Soviet authors focused mainly on the refusal of the leadership of the People’s Commissar of Education of the USRR and the IPE on the forms of the liquidated imperial university. Meanwhile, the contemporary authors, on the one hand, emphasize the voluntarism and failure of the educational reform and 1933 forced restoration of universities by the Soviet power. On the other hand, the idea that the tradition of the Imperial University was more than accepted until recently was considered to be in keeping with the KhIPE traditions. The article is dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the most radical reform in the history of domestic universities, the consequences and historical significance of which cause lively discussions among experts. The practical significance of the article is to change the priorities in teaching and promoting the history of the V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. The originality of the study is due to the unbiased consideration of a wide range of used historiographical sources (scientific works and journalism). Type of article: theoretical research.
The first steps of new Australians from Ukraine to Terra Australis (late 1940 – first half of the 1950s)
Authors: Podobіеd Olena
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the article is to analyze the social and professional adaptation of new Australians from Ukraine in the late 1940 – first half of the 1950s. Research methods: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, methods of bibliographic and archival heuristics, problem-chronological, comparative-historical. Main results. The social adaptation of new Australians from Ukraine in the late 1940 – first half of the 1950s was not easy. They faced the following problems: tropical continental dry climate; dispersal of immigrants throughout Australia; the absence of the old Ukrainian emigrants, and accordingly – organized Ukrainian life; they had to rely only on their own forces; for the older generation, the language barrier was especially tangible; national cuisine of Australians, in which an important place was occupied by lamb dishes. At the same time, adequate wages and low prices for essential goods allowed migrants to improve their financial situation and even build their own housing after poor years in Europe. Professional adaptation was not easy either. It seemed especially difficult for people with higher education. They had to work mainly in construction and in the service sector. After the end of the two-year contract, not everyone was able to find a job in their specialty. It is not surprising that some of the new Australians, primarily those with higher education, after some time moved from Australia to the United States and Canada. Australian government policies aimed at quick assimilation of new Australians from Ukraine failed. Practical significance. It is recommended for use in training courses and generalizing works on the history of Ukraine. Originality. Features of social and professional adaptation of new Australians from Ukraine in the post-war years are characterized. Scientific novelty. The social and professional adaptation of new Australians from Ukraine in the late of 1940 – the first half of the 1950s is characterized for the first time. Type of article: descriptive.
Development of the Social Sphere of the Soviet Union based on the Materials of the General Economic Plan of the USSR for 1951–1970
Authors: Simonov Maxim A.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. The research considers the planned trajectory of development of the social sphere of the Soviet Union in the General economic plan which was developed after the end of the World War II for the period from 1951 to 1970. Materials and Methods. The Research is based on materials from the archives of the USSR state planning Committee, the Central statistical office of the USSR, Congresses and Plenums of the Communist party. Results. The main part of the document was devoted to the creation of new heavy industries. However, to a large extent, the plan also describes building the social foundations of a Communist society: increasing the production of consumer goods, improving educational and medical services. Based on this, the General economic plan assumed the implementation of fundamental social changes that would lead to the disappearance of differences between mental and physical labor, as well as between urban and rural areas. According to the statements of the plan, the elimination of differences between mental and physical work was supposed to be achieved by further improving the level of education in society, which would eventually lead to an increase in productivity. The disappearance of the difference between urban and rural areas was considered as a gradual increase in the standard of living in the rural area to urban one, although certain differences between them should have remained at the time of the supposed victory of communism. Discussion and Conclusions. An obvious disadvantage of the General plan was that it did not take into consideration the changing needs of society in the long term and the emergence of new technologies. The analyzed General economic plan was not adopted for implementation during the life of I. V. Stalin, but this document influenced the main directions and guidelines of social policy in the second half of the 1950s and early 1960s.