bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vierordt’s Law for Space and Time: Hollingworth (1909) and “The Law of Central Tendency”
Authors: Wearden John H.
Published: August 2023

This article discusses material in a 1909 monograph, The Inaccuracy of Movement with Special Reference to Constant Errors, by H. L. Hollingworth, which is mostly concerned with demonstrating and accounting for what we would now call Vierordt’s Law, for judgements of both length and time. Hollingworth demonstrates Vierordt’s Law for a length reproduction task, and shows that the length which is reproduced most accurately (the indifference point) varies as a function of the range of the lengths presented. Hollingworth attributes this effect to the influence of the central tendency of the stimuli presented. He notes that this effect could be found in previous studies of time interval reproduction, but was not remarked upon. A second study also introduced error monitoring for length and time judgements. Hollingworth’s ideas echo much more recent approaches to Vierordt’s Law, some of which also use the idea that the Vierordt effect is based on the central tendency of the stimulus range from which the stimuli to be judged come.
Pselaphinae of the Cameroon Volcanic Line. Part 3. A new genus of Goniacerini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Goniaceritae) from Mount Cameroon
Authors: HLAVÁČ PETER , BAŇAŘ PETR , FOKAM ERIC BERTRAND
Published: August 2023

The new genus and species, Ewoma longiscapa gen. et sp. nov. of the pselaphine tribe Goniacerini based on specimens collected on Mount Cameroon are described and illustrated. The taxonomic position of the new genus within the tribe Goniacerini is discussed. The list of all genera of Goniacerini of sub-Saharan continental Africa with the number of species and the distribution as well as the list of all species known from Western Africa are given. The short overview of our knowledge of studies of the Pselaphinae of the sub-Saharan continental Africa is also provided.
Quantitative study on particle shaping of recycled aggregate by multifractal spectrum
Authors: Zhang Ting-ting , Qian Chen
Published: August 2023

In this study, the feasibility of quantifying the shaping effect of aggregate particles through multifractal spectrum analysis was explored, and the relationships between the amount, particle size, and shape of aggregates and the multifractal spectrum eigenvalues of aggregate images
were experimentally investigated. Finally, the multifractal spectrum before and after the shaping of real aggregate particles was compared, and the following conclusions were obtained: the aggregate distribution image satisfies the multifractal characteristics; the greater the number of aggregates
in the image, the greater the multifractal spectrum width; the larger the aggregate particle size, the smaller the multifractal spectrum width; the smoother the aggregate surface, the greater the multifractal spectrum width; the unit-pixel multifractal spectrum of the real aggregate is found
with an increase of 47.1% in width after the shaping, suggesting that the multifractal spectrum eigenvalues can effectively quantify the aggregate shaping effect.
High strength polyurethane ionogel as a wearable strain sensor for human activity monitoring
Authors: Liu Bo-Tao , Wang Shuang , Wang Hai-Bo , Cheng Xu , Du Zong-Liang
Published: August 2023

Due to their superior elasticity and electroconductibility as soft wearable sensors, ionogels have received a lot of investigation. Electronic skin sensors based on traditional ionogel frequently have poor mechanical qualities, poor durability, and poor temperature resistance. Here,
a new waterborne polyurethane based macromolecular cross-linker (MPU) is developed and used to create an ionogel containing 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazoliumdicyanamide (EMIM:DCA). Importantly, due of the internal hydrogen bonding, ionogels exhibit extraordinary mechanical properties with a strain
value of 1.27 MPa, a deformation at breaking of 267%, and excellent puncture resistance. At normal temperature, EMIM:DCA gives the ionogels high electroconductibility. When combined as wireless strain sensors, the ionogel sensors exhibit exceptional sensing capabilities to track real-time
mechanical conduction signals of human movement. It indicates that the ionogels as developed hold a lot of promise for wearable devices.
Oxidative conversion of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon phenanthrene by potassium ferrate
Authors: Zuo Ning , He JinChao , Tan XueMei , Peng YongQin , Lin Jiang
Published: August 2023

Targeting the more and more serious pollution issue caused by recalcitrant bio-toxic organic pollutants in slightly polluted water sources in recent years, the oxidative conversion of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon phenanthrene in slightly polluted water by potassium ferrate derived
from calcium hypochlorite was studied in this paper. The results showed that the potassium ferrate prepared exhibited obvious spectral absorption in the visible light region, with the maximum absorption value of 0.13 at 510 nm. In addition, the product showed good stability, and the preferable
pH range for stability was 9∼10.5, which was wider than the traditional pH range of 9.4∼9.7. This wider pH range increases the application range. The preferable oxidation reaction time with potassium ferrate was preliminarily determined to be 10 minutes. Under the condition of the
potassium ferrite content of 8 mg/L, the oxidative conversion rate of phenanthrene reached 97.88%, and the degradation effect for phenanthrene was obvious. With the extension of reaction time, the degradation effect would be further enhanced.
Adsorption effect of porous zirconia for carbon dioxide under the influence of various factors
Authors: Ni Yun , Lin Kaixin , Liao Jianan , Li Ning , Li Yueqiao
Published: August 2023

Global warming and environmental deterioration have caused socially catastrophic events, arousing people’s interest in discovering the root causes of such events. Looking for an economically efficient and highly adsorbing carbon dioxide adsorbent has become one of the research
priorities. Porous zirconia is an ideal candidate material for absorbing CO2 due to its distinctive acid-base property and a large number of active sites. The present study analyzed the effects of external factors (e.g., porous zirconia, including temperature, pH value, and humidity)
and internal factors (e.g., crystal structure, lattice defects, and percentage of active sites in zirconia) on the adsorption performance of porous zirconia. Porous zirconia was found to have a high adsorption efficiency at pH 3∼6 under humid conditions. When the crystal structure of zirconia
was tetragonal, monoclinic, or tetrahedral, the zirconia had a larger void volume and a larger number of active vacancies and oxygen vacancies. Modifying and increasing oxygen vacancies resulted in a larger number of active sites and a greater Gibbs free energy in the ZrO2 materials
and their composites.
Osteogenic properties of nanohydroxyapatite/polyamide 66-Coated femoral stem prosthesis and its efficacy in total hip replacement combined with staged functional rehabilitation exercises
Authors: Wang Fei , Liu Sihai , Cui Zhigang , Han Xinzuo , Tang Peng , Qi Pan , Liu Kemin
Published: August 2023

To evaluate the efficacy of nanohydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 (nHA/Pa66)-coated femoral stem prosthesis in total hip arthroplasty (THA) and the advantages of combined post-operative staged rehabilitation functional exercises (SRFE) in restoring hip function, 112 patients with femoral
neck fractures were enrolled in the clinical study. Patients were randomized to routine and nHA/Pa66 groups. Patients in the nHA/Pa66 group were treated with nHA/Pa66-coated femoral stem prosthesis and the post-operative SRFE program. We evaluated the physical properties, cytotoxicity, and
osteogenic capacity of nHA/Pa66 in an in vitro trial, and the clinical treatment, postoperative improvement in joint function (Barthel score, VAS score, Harris score), imaging performance, and incidence of adverse events were compared between groups. The porosity of nHA/Pa66 was ∼75%
and its pore size was in the range of 300–500 μm. Moreover, nHA/Pa66 had good biocompatibility and could improve bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) activity and enhance the osteogenic function of BMSCs, effectively increasing the levels of COL I, ALP, and OCN. A combination of
nHA/Pa66 and SRFE could effectively shorten hospital stay, better restore hip function, and reduce the incidence of complications. Therefore, nHA/Pa66-coated femoral stem prosthesis combined with SRFE showed great potential in THA for femoral neck fractures.
Effect of combination of active ingredients of Salvia miltiorrhiza on vascular inflammation in spontaneously hypertensive rat
Authors: Zhang Jing , Xia Donghui , Wang Liyun , Qiao Yu , Wang Wensheng
Published: August 2023

This study explored the effect of combination of active ingredients of Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM) on vascular inflammation in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). SHRs were treated with optimal compatibility of SM active ingredients (SABP), SM lyophilized powder (SMLP), and
Perindopril (PD), followed by analysis of arterial histology by HE staining, blood pressure, inflammatory factors and MCP-1 by ELISA, cell migration by Transwell assay, MCP-1 and CCR2 level by Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Compared to normal group,
arterial wall of rats in model group was significantly thickened with rough intima, without obvious divisions. Some blood vessels were enlarged at the 6th and 8th week, and arterial vessel wall of the SMLP and PD groups was thinned. SABP treatment significantly alleviated vascular inflammation,
where blood vessels basically returned to normal at 6th week. The blood pressure of rats in the 1st, 6th and 12th weeks decreased, especially in SABP group (P <0.05). Nevertheless, blood pressure of rats in model group kept rising while levels of various inflammatory factors increased
and decreased in the three experimental groups, with SABP group having the lowest levels. SABP, PD, and SMLP treatments significantly upregulated MCP-1 and CCR2 when decreasing the mRNA expressions, with more significant changes in the SABP group. The SAMP exhibited obvious antihypertensive
effect with highest compatibility activity of combining SM’s active ingredients, reducing inflammatory factors and MCP-1 in the rats, thereby improving vascular inflammatory response.
Radiofrequency ablation in breast-conserving surgery after neo-adjuvant chemotherapy and analysis of antibacterial effect of Ag nanogel
Authors: Zhang Huiming , Wang Zihan , Ge Zhicheng , Wei Xuejing , Guan Xu , Gao Yinguang , Gao Guoxuan , Zhang Zhongtao , Qu Xiang
Published: August 2023

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has emerged as a treatment modality for solid tumors. However, the feasibility of RFA in treating the tumor bed in breast surgery remains investigational. Herein, we have reported the preliminary results evaluating the effect of RFA in breast-conserving
surgery (BCS), followed by neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), and the antibacterial effect of nanomaterials. From April 1, 2015 to March 31, 2017, 22 patients received NAC followed by BCS. After the lumpectomy was complete, suspicious tumor margins were ablated with radiofrequency electrodes.
The clinicopathological features and follow-up results of these patients were collected. Furthermore, the Ag nanogel was prepared for the evaluation of antibacterial activity. RFA was successful in all 22 patients during BCS. Two patients (4.5%) got skin burns and six patients (27.3%) had
solid nodules formed in situ. The median follow-up time was 22.5 months (range, 11–34 months). No patients presented local recurrences or metastasis. Moreover, 18 patients (81.8%) were satisfied with the cosmetic outcomes. The Ag nanogel has stable morphology and good bacteriostatic
effect in Escherichia coli and Bovis aureus. The RFA techniques applied in BCS after NAC have high success rates with relatively low complication rates. RFA may improve cosmetic results after BCS and enhance local tumor control. Further applications of RFA in patients treated
with BCS after NAC must be assessed in long-term studies. Nanomaterials have good antibacterial effect and can be used on the surface of medical instruments.
A Portable Infrared Attenuated Total Reflection Spectrometer for Food Analysis
Authors: Fomina Polina , Femenias Antoni , Hlavatsch Michael , Scheuermann Julian , Schäfer Nicolas , Freitag Stephan , Patel Nageshvar , Kohler Achim , Krska Rudolf , Koeth Johannes , Mizaikoff Boris
Published: August 2023

The analytical performance of a compact infrared attenuated total reflection spectrometer using a pyroelectric detector array has been evaluated and compared to a conventional laboratory Fourier transform infrared system for applications in food analysis. Analytical characteristics including sensitivity, repeatability, linearity of the calibration functions, signal-to-noise ratio, and spectral resolution have been derived for both approaches. Representative analytes of relevance in food industries (i.e., organic solvents, fatty acids, and mycotoxins) have been used for the assessment of the performance of the device and to discuss the potential of this technology in food and feed analysis.
Afterword: Tensions and possibilities for a narcofeminist sociology
Authors: Dennis Fay , Pienaar Kiran , Rosengarten Marsha
Published: August 2023

In this piece we reflect on the tensions and complexities of drug use that narcofeminism has prompted us to grapple with in producing this collection. Narcofeminist approaches challenge us to move beyond simplistic, moralistic frameworks that pathologise and stigmatise those who use drugs, and instead seek more nuanced understandings of the social, cultural and political forces through which drug use materialises. By foregrounding the experiences of women and other marginalised groups who use drugs, narcofeminism highlights the ways in which drug consumption is always already gendered, racialised and classed. Narcofeminist approaches insist on a double vision attuned to violence and suffering as well as the possibility of alternative realities. This dual vision recognises a historical and contemporary context of dehumanisation while embracing and reclaiming new forms of humanness that challenge the figure of Enlightenment Man; it insists on the complexities of drug use that are all too often elided by singular stories of pain/pleasure and benefit/harm. Ultimately, narcofeminism challenges us to rethink our assumptions about drug use, and to recognise the voices and subjectivities of people who consume drugs, even in the face of intense hostility and oppression. By doing so, narcofeminist approaches have the potential to enrich and expand the sociological study of drug use and to contribute to drug policies that prioritise care and community over punishment and control.
How Are Teachers Leading Now? From Access to Activism: An Introduction to the Special Issue
Authors: Hinton KaaVonia , Beck Jori S.
Published: August 2023

In this introduction to a special issue on teacher leadership (TL), the editors argue that recent attacks against antiracist teaching have influenced TL. Thus, we offer an overview of several issues these collected authors explore related to TL, including access to TL for teachers of color; advancing equity through leadership teams; self-care for teacher advocates; and TL as advocacy, activism, and antiracist work.
Silver refining in the New World: A singularity in the history of useful knowledge
Authors: Guerrero Saul , Pretel David
Published: August 2023

Historians have thoroughly documented the development of mercury-based silver refining in Spanish America in the late sixteenth century, and its use for over 300 years on an industrial scale unknown in Europe. However, we currently lack any consensus about the significance of this technology in the global history of knowledge. This article critically reassesses the invention and improvement of this refining method with the aim of addressing two interrelated issues. Firstly, how experiential knowledge and practical skills in silver refining were deliberately harnessed to solve a specific technical problem. Secondly, how economic incentives and patronage set the stage for empirical practices and a collaborative culture that facilitated the widespread use of this novel technique. In so doing, this article places silver refining within the theoretical constructs and historiography of useful knowledge, and bridges narratives that have remained largely isolated.
Co-occurrence of internalizing difficulties and aggression in early childhood and risk of mental health problems in middle childhood
Authors: Tsotsi Stella , Goh Shaun , Coplan Robert J. , Bølstad Evalill , Czajkowski Nikolai O. , Smajlagic Dinka , Bekkhus Mona
Published: August 2023

The goal of this prospective longitudinal study was to explore whether co-occurrent internalizing difficulties and aggression in early childhood convey increased risk for later mental health problems in middle childhood. Participants were mothers from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa), who provided assessments of child internalizing difficulties and aggression at ages 3 years ( n = 54,644; 26,750 girls) and 5 years ( n = 38,177; 18,794 girls), as measures of child depressive, anxiety, conduct-related, and oppositional defiant (OD) symptoms at age 8 years. Using latent profile analyses (LPA) of internalizing difficulties and aggression, four profiles were identified: low-symptom/normative; primarily internalizing; primarily aggressive; and co-occurrent. Among the other results, the co-occurrent group exhibited the highest levels of depressive, anxiety, and oppositional defiant symptoms at 8 years. Most children (78%) remained stable in their profile between ages 3 and 5 years. Among the transition patterns that emerged, transitions were observed both from the normative to a risk profile and vice versa. Children who remained stable within the co-occurrent profile or who transitioned from the co-occurrent profile to one of the other two risk profiles also exhibited more depressive, anxiety, and OD symptoms at 8 years of age, when compared with children who transitioned from the co-occurrent to the normative profile. The heterogeneity between early manifestation of internalizing difficulties and aggression, and specific type of later mental health symptoms not only supports a shared etiology between internalizing and externalizing difficulties but also points toward the need for person-centered monitoring in early childhood with further implications for early identification of difficulties and preventive measures.
U.S. Sanctuary Policies and Mexicans’ Migration Preferences: A Conjoint-Experimental Study
Authors: Zhirkov Kirill , Smilan-Goldstein Rachel
Published: August 2023

The debate on immigration policy and enforcement in the United States often revolves around the phenomenon of sanctuary cities. While past research accounts for Americans’ attitudes toward sanctuary cities and the effects of sanctuary policies on immigrant and Latino communities, less is known about how potential migrants factor sanctuary status into moving choices. We implement a conjoint survey experiment in Mexico, in which we ask respondents to rate the attractiveness of hypothetical localities in the United States described in terms of several attributes, including immigration enforcement policies. Results show that sanctuary status increases the attractiveness of potential immigration destinations in the United States. However, its effect is overshadowed by preferences for localities with many jobs and low crime rates, as well as ones that voted for Biden in 2020. Despite emphasis on sanctuary cities in U.S. political rhetoric, sanctuary policies only modestly increase the attractiveness of destinations for potential migrants.
Cholecystitis induced by Yttrium-90 radioembolization of advanced liver tumors: prospective evaluation of a management algorithm in 197 consecutive patients
Authors: Damm Robert , Bregenzer Carola , Steffen Ingo , Amthauer Holger , Seidensticker Ricarda , Seidensticker Max , Omari Jazan , Ricke Jens , Pech Maciej
Published: August 2023

Background

Cholecystitis is a rare but dolorous complication after Y90-radioembolization of liver malignancies.

Purpose

To decide the occlusion of the cystic artery (CA) to prevent cholecystitis after Y90 radioembolization using an algorithm.

Material and Methods

In 130 patients, the gallbladder was at risk of embolization as the right liver lobe was targeted. Precautionary measures (e.g. coil occlusion of the cystic artery) were decided by enhancement of the gallbladder in pre-treatment Tc99m-MAA SPECT/CT and performed directly before Y90 radioembolization. In non-enhancing cases, the CA was left open. The outcome was determined by clinical symptoms of acute or chronic cholecystitis as well as imaging and laboratory parameters. Findings were additionally classified according to the Tokyo Guidelines of acute cholecystitis.

Results

Only 16 patients demonstrated enhancement of the gallbladder in Tc99m-MAA SPECT/CT. Including additional indications from angiographic findings, prophylactic measures were scheduled in 22 patients (standard of care). Thus, 121 patients were at risk of non-target embolization to the gallbladder during Y90 microsphere administration (investigative arm). Four cases (3.0%) of cholecystitis occurred by clinical presentation: two patients with onset of acute symptoms within 48 h after Y90 radioembolization (“embolic cholecystitis”) and two patients with late onset of symptoms (“radiogenic cholecystitis”). The incidence of cholecystitis was not significantly more frequent without indication of precautionary measures (investigative cohort 2.9% vs. standard of care 4.7%; P = 0.53).

Conclusion

The overall incidence of cholecystitis after Y90 radioembolization is low. Determination of cystic artery intervention using Tc99m-MAA SPECT/CT successfully balances the incidence of symptomatic cholecystitis with unnecessary vessel occlusion.
Evaluating the Nonlinear Impacts of Built Environment on Online Car-Hailing: Focus on the Whole Day
Authors: Zhou Xizhen , Lv Mengqi , Ji Yanjie
Published: August 2023

Understanding the relationship between the built environment and online car-hailing travel behavior can greatly influence sustainable urban development. These complex impacts are not fully understood from a whole-day perspective. This paper took the central urban area of Nanning, China as a case study, and analyzed the data of 1,154,759 online car-hailing service orders collected by the Nanning Information Center over the course of a week. Thiessen polygons based on road networks were used to divide the research area. A partial dependence plot and random forest regression were used to examine the nonlinear impacts of the built environment (home-work attributes, traffic facility attributes, land use, and diversity) on online car-hailing trip demand throughout the day. The results show that the built environment elements that affect the demand for online car-hailing differ at different times of the day and that they have different ranges of influence. For example, residential areas play an important role in the commuter period for demand with a contribution rate of 33.2%, while the contribution rates for the remaining periods are less than 5%. In the whole day, cultural services, health services, leisure sports services, and catering services are important factors. And if there are enough training institutions to form a separate trading area within a city, this will have a profound impact on travel demand. In comparison to subway stations, bus stations contribute more to the demand. The study results will assist the government in improving urban transportation coordination.
Positive independent association between preoperative endogenous testosterone density and tumor load density in surgical specimen of patients undergoing radical prostatectomy
Authors: Porcaro Antonio Benito , Bianchi Alberto , Gallina Sebastian , Serafin Emanuele , Mazzucato Giovanni , Panunzio Andrea , Tafuri Alessandro , Montanaro Francesca , Marafioti Patuzzo Giulia , Baielli Alberto , Artoni Francesco , Vidiri Stefano , Cianflone Francesco , D’Aietti Damiano , Brunelli Matteo , Siracusano Salvatore , Cerruto Maria Angela , Antonelli Alessandro
Published: August 2023

Objective:

To evaluate the influence of endogenous testosterone density (ETD) and tumor load density (TLD) in the surgical specimen of prostate cancer (PCa) patients.

Methods:

ETD was assessed as the ratio of endogenous testosterone (ET) to prostate volume (PV). TLD was calculated as the ratio of tumor load (TL) to prostate weight. Preoperative prostate-specific antigen relative densities (PSAD) and percentage of biopsy-positive cores (BPCD) were also assessed. The association of high TLD (above the first quartile) with clinical and pathological factors was assessed by the logistic regression model (univariate and multivariate analysis).

Results:

Between November 2014 and December 2019, ET was measured in 805 cases treated with radical prostatectomy (RP). Median (IQR) of ET and ETD was 412 (321.4–519 ng/dL) and 9.8 (6.8–14.4 ng/(dLxmL)) as well as for TL and TLD was 20 (10-30%) and 0.33 (0.17-0.58%/gr), respectively. As a result, high TLD was detected in 75% of cases. A positive independent association was found between high TLD and ETD. Accordingly, as ETD levels increased, the risk of detecting high TLD in the surgical specimen increased, regardless of PSAD and BPCD.

Conclusions:

At diagnosis of PCa, a positive independent association was found between ETD and risk of high TLD. Subjects with increasing ETD levels were more likely to have high TLD, associated with unfavorable pathology features. The positive association between ETD and TLD in the prostate microenvironment might adversely influence PCa’s natural history.
The dialectics of Chat: Privilege, power and institutional racism
Authors: Blackwell Dick
Published: August 2023

The online Large Group promoted by the Group Analytic Society International in response to the Covid 19 lockdown, presented participants with the ‘Chat’ facility alongside the standard verbal communication. Chat rapidly became an alternative channel of communication and a forum for commentary, criticism and challenge to the primary spoken discourse of the group and became a home and a vehicle for disaffected and dissident voices, particularly those marginalized according to race, class and gender. Controversy has developed as various objections have been raised against Chat being allowed in GASi online Large Groups. In so far as Chat has become a place for marginalized and subaltern voices to speak and be ‘heard’, then closing it becomes a praxis of silencing and further institutionalizing racism, patriarchy and class oppression.
Healthcare Utilization and Advance Care Planning among Older Adults Across Cognitive Levels
Authors: Rahemi Zahra , Malatyali Ayse , Bacsu Juanita-Dawne R. , Sefcik Justine S. , Petrovsky Darina V. , Baker Zachary G. , Ma Kris Pui Kwan , Smith Matthew L. , Adams Swann A.
Published: August 2023

This study examined the impact of advance care planning (ACP) on healthcare utilization among older adults with normal cognition and impaired cognition/dementia. Using datasets from the Health and Retirement Study, we conducted a cross-sectional study on 17,698 participants aged 51 years and older. Our analyses included survey descriptive and logistic regression procedures. ACP measures included a living will and durable power of attorney for healthcare. Healthcare utilization was measured using the days spent in hospitals, hospice care, nursing homes, and home care. Of the participants, 77.8% had normal cognition, and 22% had impaired cognition/dementia. The proportion of impaired cognition/dementia was higher among racially minoritized participants, single/widowed participants, and those who lived alone and were less educated. The results showed that having an ACP was associated with longer stays in hospitals, nursing homes, and home healthcare in all participants.
Exploring the potential of magnesium oxychloride, an amorphous magnesium phosphate, and newberyite as possible bone cement candidates
Authors: Kaiser Friederike , Schröter Lena , Wohlfahrt Philipp , Geroneit Isabel , Murek Jérôme , Stahlhut Philipp , Weichhold Jan , Ignatius Anita , Gbureck Uwe
Published: August 2023

Magnesium phosphate-based bone cements, particularly struvite (MgNH4PO4∙6H2O)-forming cements, have attracted increased scientific interest in recent years because they exhibit similar biocompatibility to hydroxyapatite while degrading much more rapidly in vivo. However, other magnesium-based minerals which might be promising are, to date, little studied. Therefore, in this study, we investigated three magnesium-based bone cements: a magnesium oxychloride cement (Mg3(OH)5Cl∙4H2O), an amorphous magnesium phosphate cement based on Mg3(PO4)2, MgO, and NaH2PO4, and a newberyite cement (MgHPO4·3H2O). Because it is not sufficiently clear from the literature to what extent these cements are suitable for clinical use, all of them were characterized and optimized regarding setting time, setting temperature, compressive strength and passive degradation in phosphate-buffered saline. Because the in vitro properties of the newberyite cement were most promising, it was orthotopically implanted into a partially weight-bearing tibial bone defect in sheep. The cement exhibited excellent biocompatibility and degraded more rapidly compared to a hydroxyapatite reference cement; after 4 months, 18% of the cement was degraded. We conclude that the newberyite cement was the most promising candidate of the investigated cements and has clear advantages over calcium phosphate cements, especially in terms of setting time and degradation behavior.
The dark side of public-private partnerships: Enforced hybridity and power dynamics in fighting financial crime
Authors: Dudink Yentl , Taminiau Yvette , Veenswijk Marcel
Published: August 2023

Different public-private partnerships may exhibit various characteristics, yet we understand little about the impact of imbalanced power dynamics among partners on the success or failure of partnerships. This study focuses on the private actor, an incumbent bank coerced into a collaborative governance configuration aimed at addressing the wicked problem of fighting financial crime. We investigate the response strategies of organizational members to examine the impact of when hybridity is enforced, meaning that organizations are driven by a multiplicity of values and objectives. We organize these strategies in two narratives: first, organizational members respond with a strategy of separation in resisting the integration of public values; second, organizational members respond with a strategy of transcendence by aiming to resistors to adopt their belief system. The ongoing struggle with the enforced hybridity reveals the dark side of public-private partnerships as members grapple with involuntary changes that threaten the private and commercial objectives of the bank. Our key message is that when private and public actors are involved in forced collaborations, the guise of a reputable, collaborative relationship may be used to conceal negative aspects and power imbalances, which helps to overcome resistance and elicit compliance.
Role of hypoxia inducible factor/vascular endothelial growth factor/endothelial nitric oxide synthase signaling pathway in mediating the cardioprotective effect of dapagliflozin in cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity
Authors: Mahmoud Refaie Marwa Monier , Bayoumi Asmaa MA , Mokhemer Sahar Ahmed , Shehata Sayed , Abd El-Hameed Nahla Mohammed
Published: August 2023

Background

Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a commonly used chemotherapeutic and immunosuppressive alkylating agent. However, cardiac adverse effects of CP interfere with its clinical benefit. Cardio-oncology research is currently an important issue and finding effective cardiopreserving agents is a critical need. For the first time, we aimed to detect if dapagliflozin (DAP) could ameliorate CP-induced cardiac injury and investigated the role of hypoxia inducible factor α (HIF1α)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) pathway.

Methods

Forty male Wistar albino rats were included in the current model. Studied groups are: control group; CP-induced cardiotoxicity group; CP group treated with DAP; CP group treated with DAP and administered a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor; nitro-ω-L-arginine (L-NNA) before DAP to explore the role of eNOS.

Results

Our data revealed that CP could induce cardiac damage as manifested by significant increases in cardiac enzymes, blood pressure, malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), HIF1α, sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) and cleaved caspase-3 levels with toxic histopathological changes. However, there are significant decreases in reduced glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), VEGF, and eNOS. On the opposite side, co-administration of DAP showed marked improvement of CP-induced cardiac damage that may be due to its ability to inhibit SGLT2, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. Results showed decreasing the cardioprotective effect of DAP on administration of L-NNA, reflecting the critical effect of eNOS in mediating such protection.

Conclusion

DAP could reduce CP cardiotoxicity based upon its ability to modulate SGLT2 and HIF1α/VEGF/eNOS signaling pathway.
Behavioral Skills Training to Teach Identification of Choking Hazards to Substitute Caregivers
Authors: Fuller Asha A. , Molve Madison L. , Crosland Kimberly A.
Published: August 2023

Choking is a leading cause of mortality in children. Over half of choking injuries occur due to food, and the remaining injuries involve common household objects. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate Behavioral Skills Training (BST) to teach choking hazard identification and correction to substitute caregivers. Method: This study evaluated the efficacy of using BST to teach nonedible choking hazard identification (Phase 1) and edible choking hazard identification and correction (Phase 2) to substitute caregivers following guidelines from the Home Accident Prevention Inventory-Revised Protocol. Results: The results found that all participants significantly improved their hazard identification and correction following BST in both phases. Generalization probes were high in baseline for all participants across phases; however, all participants scored 100% correct on the final generalization probes. Discussion: Implications for practice and future research considerations for choking prevention training are discussed.
Facilitators and Barriers to Implementing COVID-19 Prevention Strategies in K-12 Public Schools
Authors: Rose India , Powell Leah , King Adrian , Murray Colleen Crittenden , Rasberry Catherine N. , Pampati Sanjana , Barrios Lisa C. , Lee Sarah
Published: August 2023

To meet the educational needs of students, most schools in the United States (U.S.) reopened for in-person instruction during the 2021–2022 school year implementing a wide range of COVID-19 prevention strategies (e.g., mask requirements). To date, there have been limited studies examining facilitators and barriers to implementing each of the recommended COVID-19 prevention strategies in schools. Twenty-one semistructured interviews were conducted with public school staff from across the U.S. responsible for overseeing prevention strategy implementation. MAXQDA was used for thematic analysis. Findings identified key facilitators including utilizing Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidance and district policies to guide decision-making at the school level, possessing financial resources to purchase supplies, identifying key staff for implementation, and having school health services infrastructure in place. Key barriers included staff shortages, limited resources, and community opposition. Findings from this study provide important insight into how schools can prepare for future public health emergencies.
An Optimized Melanin Depigmentation Method for Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Staining of Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Tissues
Authors: Liu Chia-Hsing , Chang Shu-Jyuan , Yang Sheau-Fang , Tsai Min-Jan , Tsai Kun-Bow
Published: August 2023

Introduction. The difficulty in diagnosis of severe melanocytic lesions is a problem to be overcome in pathological practice. Melanin bleaching is an effective approach to ameliorate melanin disturbances in severely pigmented lesions. Although various methods for improving melanin pigmentation in immunohistochemical staining have been reported, these depigmentation methods still need to be optimized and standardized. In this study, the coloring efficiency of 3,3′-diaminobenzidine (DAB) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) after melanin depigmentation was compared under the automatic immunohistochemical staining platform. Methods. The applicability of the optimized depigmentation method was validated in 10 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) blocks of ocular melanoma tissues. Specimens were demelaninized with 10% hydrogen peroxide at 60°C for immunohistochemical staining (Melan-A and SOX10), and tissue chromogenic staining was performed with DAB and AP detection systems, respectively. Results. The optimized depigmentation method including immunohistochemistry (IHC) could be completed in 3 h, effectively preserving cell morphology and immunoreactivity. Among these, the color-rendering effect and contrast of AP are better than DAB. Conclusion. This optimized method can effectively remove melanin and improve the accuracy of IHC staining interpretation. AP staining has better visibility and readability without the interference of residual melanin. The comparison results showed that after melanin depigmentation, the immunohistochemical staining agent was replaced with red AP, which avoided the misjudgment caused by brown DAB when melanin depigmentation was incomplete. This improved method can be applied to future histopathological and immunohistochemical staining of melanin-deposited tissues.
Invasive Carcinoma With Skin Adnexal Trichilemmal Hair Follicular Differentiation Occurring in the Breast: A Case Report With Detailed Immunohistochemical and Molecular Analysis
Authors: Olayinka Oluwaseyi , Cox Solange E. , Nasrazadani Azadeh , Resetkova Erika , Ivan Doina , Middleton Lavinia P.
Published: August 2023

Cutaneous-type adnexal tumors involving the breast are rare and create a diagnostic dilemma as they are often indistinguishable from primary mammary neoplasms. Tumors showing hair follicular differentiation are particularly challenging due to their rarity and the subtle appreciation of the intricate microanatomy of the hair follicle. We report a triple negative cutaneous-type adnexal carcinoma with follicular differentiation involving the breast to bring attention to the existence of these specialized group of tumors which should be managed differently from conventional triple negative carcinomas of the breast.
Clinicopathologic and Immunophenotypic Classification of Invasive Lobular Carcinoma with Histiocytoid Features
Authors: Coty-Fattal Zachary , Minhas Shubhanjali , Butcher Monica , Agarwal Indu , LaBoy Carissa , Blanco Luis , Novo Jorge
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Histiocytoid lobular breast carcinoma is a rare subtype of invasive lobular carcinoma characterized by relatively bland, uniform nuclei, single small eosinophilic nucleolus, and ample granular cytoplasm. These cancers are typically triple negative, show frequent androgen receptor (AR) positivity, and are therefore theorized to represent a variant of apocrine differentiation in invasive lobular carcinoma. Anecdotal evidence suggests that these tumors have excellent outcomes, though some studies suggest a variable clinical outcome.

Methods

Inclusion criteria included women with a histologic diagnosis of invasive lobular carcinoma with histiocytoid features, regardless of immunohistochemical profile, diagnosed at our institution between 2008 and 2021 with additional tissue still available for ancillary studies. We reviewed patients meeting these criteria and investigated hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides and a panel of immunohistochemical stains (estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 [HER2], AR, endothelial growth factor receptor, and keratin 5/6), as well as outcomes including survival and metastatic disease.

Results

Overall, 12 eligible patients were identified. The classical immunophenotype (triple negative with AR positivity) was noted in 4 out of 12 tumors. The majority of the remaining tumors (7 out of 12) showed a luminal B immunohistochemical profile, while 1 out of 12 was HER2-enriched. No patients in the cohort died from disease-related causes and 2 out of 12 presented with distant metastatic disease during their disease course.

Conclusion

Histiocytoid lobular breast carcinoma is a morphologic variant of lobular carcinoma with apocrine features that shows a variable immunohistochemical profile and variable clinical behavior. Further subclassification and stricter diagnostic criteria may be helpful in the distinction between truly indolent tumors and those with more aggressive clinical features.
Genotype Hemophilia Screening Program Identified 2 Novel Variants Including a Novel Variant (c.5816-2A > G) Causing a Pathogenic Variant of the Factor 8 Gene
Authors: Owaidah Tarek , Bakr Salwa , Al-Numair Nouf , AbaAlkhail Hala , Alzahrani Hazzaa , Saleh Mahasen , Khogeer Haitham , Tarawah Ahmed , Akkad Hadeel , Al-Allaf Faisal
Published: August 2023

Establishing a national screening program for hemophilia patients is highly encouraged by the World Health Organization and the World Federation of Hemophilia. Hence, this study aimed to analyze the variant spectrum of F8 and F9 genes in Arab hemophilia patients. Molecular genetic and sequencing studies were performed on a cohort of 135 Saudi hemophilia patients. Out of all screened hemophilia patients (97 hemophilia A and 39 hemophilia B), 15 (11.1%) were positive for inversion 22 and 4 (3%) for inversion 1. Out of a total of 32 (23.7%) substitution/deletion mutations, 2 novel variants were identified: a novel splice acceptor site missense mutation (c.5816-2A > G) causing a pathogenic variant of the F8 gene and another splicing site point mutation in intron/exon 23 (g.164496G > A). The frequent F8 variants were (c.409A > C, p.T137P) in exon 4, (c.760A > G) in exon 6, and (c.1835G > C, p.R612P) in exon 12, while the frequent F9 variants were (c.580A > G) in exon 6 and (c.880C > T) in exon 8. These study data will enrich the spectrum of the genetic databases in the Arab population that could be applied in the future for national genetic counseling.
Whose Knowledge Heals? Transforming Teaching in the Struggle for Health Equity
Authors: Manalo-Pedro Erin , Walsemann Katrina M. , Gee Gilbert C.
Published: August 2023

Racial health inequities persist despite many attempts to correct them. Inadequate comprehension of racism obscures the ordinariness of racism in public health institutions. In addition to applying critical race theory (CRT) to the research and practice of public health, we argue that the struggle for health equity must also apply CRT toward the teaching of public health students. Adhering to conventional approaches in academic public health without grappling with their roots in Whiteness reproduces a public health workforce that is insufficiently equipped to address the complex, systemic issues underlying health inequities. By default, academic public health excludes the perspectives of scholars of color, relies too heavily on theories of individual behavior, and applies top-down teaching methods. To make durable changes, the rising generation of public health scholars and practitioners must understand how health equity fits within broader struggles for racial and social justice. Thus, we critique three responsibilities for teaching about public health: assigning readings, shaping analytical lenses with theories, and modeling change through andragogy. By questioning whose knowledge is legitimized when defining public health needs, whose lenses are used to prioritize solutions, and whose insights drive change, we can train a public health workforce more critical of racism, and more prepared to deal with the enduring reality of racial relations.
Toward Critically Analyzing Whiteness in Immigrant Health
Authors: Cousins Sarah J. , Matias Cheryl E.
Published: August 2023

Assimilation theories dominate immigration scholarship to examine differential life chances, opportunities, and health of immigrants across three waves of immigrants in the United States. Assimilation theories are widely used in public health to explain the health status of immigrants despite the embedded White supremacist ideology while ignoring the role of whiteness. This article reviews and critiques assimilation theories to propose a critical analysis of whiteness in immigrant health scholarship. Critically analyzing whiteness in immigrant health studies allows us to recognize (a) the problematic framing of assimilation theories because of the theories’ devotion to a White-European vision of upward mobility and a mainstream characterized as elite and White and (b) how a purportedly colorblind immigration law reinforces White supremacy through possessive investment in whiteness. To highlight whiteness in immigrant health, we examine the anti-immigration rhetoric and anti-immigrant policies and surveillance while providing implications for future research in the scholarship of immigrant health.
Public Health Students’ Perspectives on the Future of Public Health Education
Authors: Le Cindy , Robinson Nicole , Neubauer Leah C. , Fleming Paul J.
Published: August 2023

Our society faces an uncertain future and the field of public health will have an important role to play in shaping this future. This article introduces the special issue The Future of Health Education & Behavior which is focused on perspectives and research led by student authors. Our call for papers encouraged student perspectives that envisioned, challenged, and critiqued the future for health education and behavior. We summarize the articles included in this issue which cover topics such as gaps or future directions for public health training programs, perspectives on pressing issues facing our society, and empirical articles on critical public health topics. Many of the articles in the special issue point boldly to a future that more directly and critically confronts systems of oppression and moves away from a traditional emphasis on individual-level behaviors. These articles can help our field evolve and adapt to fully address the most pressing issues of our time.
“Yes, I’m Doing It”: Conflict-Induced Internally Displaced Filipino Men’s Enactments of Masculinity
Authors: Bagaporo Jennefer Lyn L. , Papadelos Pam
Published: August 2023

Despite the Philippines’ history of five decades of prolonged violent conflicts and internal displacements, majority of which are in its southern island of Mindanao, studies exploring the enactments of masculinities of noncombatant men are few. Using 31 life stories of Filipino men who experienced conflict-induced internal displacement, complemented by in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and community profiles, the present article demonstrates how these Filipino men constructed an ideal masculinity compounded by imprints of a colonial history, especially the resistance towards integration into colonial Philippines by Muslims in Mindanao. Additionally, their constructions of idealized masculinities are reflective of their negotiation between context and adherence to local hegemonic masculinities in Philippine society that legitimizes unequal gender relations. We argue that Filipino men’s accounts of ideal masculinity and their aspirations to this model reflect ongoing negotiation between immediate circumstances and persistent adherence to local hegemonic masculinities.