bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Individual and Poly-Substance use and Condomless Sex Among HIV-Uninfected Adults Reporting Heterosexual Sex in a Multi-Site Cohort
Authors: Fredericksen Rob , Whitney Bridget M , Trejo E , Nance Robin , Fitzsimmons Emma , Altice Frederick , Carrico Adam , Cleland Charles , Rio Carlos Del , Duerr Ann , El-Sadr Wafaa , Kahana Shoshana , Kuo Irene , Mayer Kenneth , Mehta Shruti , Ouellet Lawrence , Quan Vu , Rich Josiah , Seal David , Springer Sandra , Taxman Faye , Wechsberg Wendee , Crane Heidi , Delaney JAC
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND: We analyzed the association between substance use (SU) and condomless sex (CS) among HIV-negative adults reporting heterosexual sex in the Seek, Test, Treat, and Retain (STTR) consortium. We describe the impact of SU as well as person/partner and context-related factors on CS, identifying combinations of factors that indicate the highest likelihood of CS.METHODS: We analyzed data from four US-based STTR studies to examine the effect of SU on CS using two SU exposures: 1) current SU (within 3 months) and 2) SU before/during sex. Adjusted individual-study, multivariable relative risk regression was used to examine the relationship between CS and SU. We also examined interactions with type of sex and partner HIV status. Pooled effect estimates were calculated using traditional fixed-effects meta-analysis.RESULTS: We analyzed data for current SU (n=6781; 82% men, median age=33 years) and SU before/during sex (n=2915; 69% men, median age=40 years). For both exposure classifications, any SU other than cannabis increased the likelihood of CS relative to non-SU (8-16%, p-values<0.001). In the current SU group, however, polysubstance use did not increase the likelihood of CS compared to single-substance use. Cannabis use did not increase the likelihood of CS, regardless of frequency of use. Type of sex was associated with CS; those reporting vaginal and anal sex had a higher likelihood of CS compared to vaginal sex only for both exposure classifications (18-21%, p<0.001). Current SU increased likelihood of CS among those reporting vaginal sex only (9-10%, p<0.001); results were similar for those reporting vaginal and anal sex (5-8%, p <0.01). SU before/during sex increased the likelihood of CS among those reporting vaginal sex only (20%; p<0.001) and among those reporting vaginal and anal sex (7%; p=0.002). Single- and poly-SU before/during sex increased the likelihood of CS for those with exclusively HIV-negative partners (7-8%, p£0.02), and for those reporting HIV-negative and HIV-status unknown partners (9-13%, p£0.03).CONCLUSION: Except for cannabis, any SU increased the likelihood of CS. CS was associated with having perceived HIV-negative partners and with having had both anal/vaginal sex.
Design and Analysis of A Complete Full Adder Based On Metal-Insulator-Metal (MIM) Waveguide-Based Plasmonic Waves
Authors: yoosefi oraman , Rodríguez Angel
Published: June 2020

In this paper, metal-insulator-metal (MIM) plasmonic waveguide structures and a rectangular cavity resonator at a central frequency of 1550 nm were used to propose a complete full adder. Under this circumstances, the system has a fast function with slight variations in real- time or near real-time manner, and this led to its minimum power consumption, while serving in various situations. In this full adder, we benefited from the property of combining resonant waves in the first and second modes, and we managed to obtain a high transmission coefficient in states where the output must be active. This complete full adder operates through designing 4-input AND, XOR, OR, and NOT logic gates, resulting in the design of a complete full adder with low manufacturing complexity and cost relative to ones designed through combining the conventional 2-input AND and OR gates. In comparison of three computational methods, finite‐difference time‐domain (FDTD) is a simple and versatile method. This method directly discretizes the time‐domain partial differential form of Maxwell's equations in various dimensions while using analytical solution in the remaining direction and solving the 3D scattering problem. Therefore, necessary simulations were conducted using FDTD software, and showed a good fit to the results predicted through approximations intended for theoretical relations.
Correlation Of Bone Mineral Density Measured In Quantitative Computed Tomography With Hounsfield Unit
Authors: Lalruatfela R , Kotian Rahul P , Panakkal Nitika C
Published: June 2020

Background: Bone mineral density scan (BMD) is a simple, non-invasive procedure used to assess the strength of the bones by measuring the composition of minerals mainly calcium in the bones. In this study, BMD was measured using Quantitative Computed Tomography (QCT) and Hounsfield unit (HU) in the lumbar spine and the values were correlated.Methods: 240 participants referred for CT Abdomen and CT Lumbar spine were scanned using 64 slice Brilliance CT. Using BMD software, three different vertebral bodies from L1-L3 were taken and ROI was placed at the central portion of the trabecular bone. Two references ROI one in retro spinal muscle and one in fat tissue was also placed. To measure CT attenuation value an ROI graphic tool was drawn at the trabecular bone. The average of BMD in QCT and HU value was taken from L1-L3. Pearson Correlation Coefficient was used to correlate QCT and HU values.Results: The mean BMD for the 21-40 age group was found to be 156.3 and 228.0 for QCT and HU respectively. Similarly, the mean BMD for 41-60 and 61-80 age groups was found to be 125.5, 173.6 and 109.1, 140.4 for QCT and HU respectively. The results showed a strong positive correlation between QCT and HU BMD (r = 0.94) with a p-value less than 0.001.Discussion: In our present study, 64.53% (n=155) were found to have normal BMD based on the WHO diagnostic category for spine BMD in QCT. Whereas 24.58% were found to have a low bone mass (osteopenia) and 10.83% were found to have osteoporosis. The equivalent mean HU was found to be 211.98 ±31.06, 139.64 ±18.58, 87.22 ±15.92 for normal, osteopenia and osteoporosis respectively.Conclusion: The study shows a strong correlation between QCT BMD with HU. Therefore, the CT attenuation technique can also be used to derive bone mineral density values from routine abdomen and lumbar spine MDCT for osteoporosis screening with no additional cost to the patient
Relationships between secure attachment, experiential co-creation and future experiential intentions in the tourism industry: The case of COVID-19
Authors: Wu Hung-Che , Chang Ya-Yuan
Published: June 2020

This paper aims to explore the relationships between the dimensions of secure attachment, the dimensions of experiential co-creation and future experiential intentions. A convenience sample of 505 tourists who had traveled by domestic or international airlines during the COVID-19 outbreak in Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport was surveyed. The results will assist tourism operators in developing and implementing market-orientated service strategies to increase secure identity, secure dependence, secure affect, secure social bonding, experiential trust, experiential commitment and experiential connection in order to enable tourists to have future intentions to experience the destination during the COVID-19 outbreak.
Molecular Epidemiology of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Infections in Southwest China
Authors: Hu Xiaopin , Yuan Guohang , Wu Yaoyao , Liu Weijia , Zhang Xiangyan , Liu Lin
Published: June 2020

Background: We determined epidemiological characteristics and resistance mechanisms of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) strains found in Southwest China and assessed disease burden to provide evidence-based strategies for control and treatment of CRKP infection. Methods: A total of 159 strains of CRKP were isolated from sputa, blood, urine, ascites and wound secretions from three tertiary hospitals in Southwest China between August 1st, 2018 and December 31st, 2019. The sensitivity of each strain to 12 antibiotic agents was determined by micro-broth dilution. Identification of carbapenemase genes and multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) were performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The disease burdens of patients with CRKP were assessed based on invasive procedures, antibiotic use, laboratory tests and clinical outcomes. Results: Of 159 CRKP strains analyzed, 50.9% were isolated from sputum samples. The percentage of patients who underwent invasive procedures before positive cultures for CRKP were detected was 96.3%. The mortality of blood infection was highest (66.6%) among patients with CRKP infection. All strains were insensitive to carbapenems. The resistance rates to levofloxacin and amikacin were 85.5% and 81.8%, respectively. All CRKP strains produced carbapenemases, with a majority of isolates (81.1%) producing KPC-2. The MICs of strains harbouring both KPC-2 and NDM-1 were higher than those of strains with only KPC-2 or NDM-1. ST11 is the most popular clonotype found in Southwest China. Conclusions: CRKP strains in Southwest China are characterized by strong drug resistance and associated with poor clinical prognoses. It is therefore urgent to both strengthen control measures and improve prevention awareness.
Cost of Oral Cancer: Protocol for a Systematic Review
Authors: RIBEIRO-ROTTA REJANE FARIA , Rosa Eduardo Antônio , Milani Vanessa , Dias Nadielle Rodrigues , Ferreira Daniele Masterson Tavares Pereira , Silva Everton Nunes , Zara Ana Laura de Sene Amâncio
Published: June 2020

Background: Cancer care is among the costliest in the social sphere. Oral cancer (OC) is a chronic disease whose incidence has been growing worldwide. The lack of economic evaluation studies assessing the economic impact of OC, as well as the need to search for evidence of the economic burden of OC motivated this investigation. This study aims to collect evidence on the cost of OC (lip cancer - LC, oral cavity cancer - OCC and oropharyngeal cancer - OPC) worldwide. Methods: A systematic review will be conducted take into consideration any perspective. The primary outcome will be the costs related to oral cancer in patients, reported in monetary units. Specific breakdown of costs will be reported (direct hospital costs, rehabilitation care costs, direct non-healthcare costs, indirect costs and productivity loss, and intangible costs). SCOPUS, WEB OF SCIENCE, COCHRANE and BVS databases will be searched. Original studies on cost of OC that assess its cost based on components as: hospital and/or outpatient, promotion and prevention will be included. It will be excluded types of study such as: editorial, letters, reviews, case reports, case series, clinical trials, studies that address specific analysis, such as cost-effectiveness, cost-utility, cost-benefit, cost-minimization. A systematic meta-narrative synthesis will be presented. Data on quantities of health and social resource consumption, currencies used and whether studies show total or incremental costs will be collected.Discussion: The identification of evidence on the economic burden of LC, OCC and OPC will allow the determination of the contribution share of each sector of society in the total economic burden of oral cancer. Also, this evidence will favour the estimate of the impact that the reduction of the OC burden would have on its associated costs and better guide the choice decision, to optimize the benefits. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO ID number 172471.
The Study on the Molecular Mechanism of Erchen Tang on Asthma Based on Network Pharmacology
Authors: Ren Yuzhe , Zhang Haijing , Yu Zhou , Wan Jun , Peng Xuejin , Huang Yilin , Li Chengke , Yang Xiangzheng
Published: June 2020

Objective: To explore the active ingredients of ECT and their targets of asthma and investigate the potential mechanism of ECT on asthma. Methods: Firstly, the active ingredients and target of ECT were screened for BATMAN and TCMSP, functional analysis was finished via DAVID. Then, animal model was induced by ovalbumin (OVA) and aluminum hydroxide. Eosinophil (EOS) counts, EOS active substance Eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP) and eotaxin levels were detected followed the instruction. Pathological changes of lungs tissue were examined by H&E staining and transmission electron microscopy. Interleukin (IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, TNF-α), TIgE and IgE level in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured by ELISA. Finally, the protein expression of TGF-β / STAT3 pathway to lung tissue was detected by Western Blot. Results: A total of 450 compounds and 526 target genes were retrieved in Erchen tang. Functional analysis indicated that its treatment of asthma was associated with inflammatory factor and fibrosis. In the animal experiment, the results showed that ECT significantly regulated inflammatory cytokine (IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, TNF-α) levels in (P<0.05, P<0.01) , reduced EOS number (P<0.05) and also ECP and Eotaxin levels in blood (P<0.05) in BALF and / or plasma. Bronchial tissue injury was obviously improved on ECT treatment. Associated protein in TGF-β / STAT3 pathway were significantly regulated by ECT (P<0.05). Conclusion: This study originally provided the evidence that the Erchen tang was effective against the treatment of asthma symptoms, and its underlying mechanism might be regulation of inflammatory factor secretion and TGF-β/STAT3 signaling pathway.
Analysis and finding the correlation of air quality parameters on the spread and deceased case of COVID-19 patients in India
Authors: Saha Bibek , Debnath Animesh , Saha Biswajit
Published: June 2020

Recent covid-19 pandemic state across the globe has brought some issues to be considered obviously for better sustainability of human society and economy. In this article a comprehensive study based on the air quality parameters has been represented in view the recent covid-19 situation in India. India being the second largest populated country in the world and having a very high population density is a vital region for controlling and observing the spread and recovery of covid-19 patients. It has been observed that the spread as well as recovery rate in India is far better than many other countries in the world. A noteworthy observation has been extracted in this study from the correlation between three Covid-19 parameters (total confirmed, active and deceased cases) and air quality index comprising of six air quality parameters (PM 2.5, PM 10, NO2, SO2, CO, and Ozone) of 25 highly Covid-19 affected Indian cities. Spearman rank correlation and Kendall correlation tests were used to understand the correlation between the Covid-19 variables with air quality variables. Both the statistical correlation test revealed that particulate matters like PM 2.5, PM 10, and overall air quality have significantly strong correlation with the Covid-19 spread and death cases in 25 cities of India. However, the PM 2.5 is found to be the most significant air quality parameter for Covid-19 spread and death cases in India. It indicates that the western part of India contains more risk zones as compared to the north-eastern and eastern part of the country. The high natural vegetation, less industrial areas of the northeast India with better air quality finds higher recovery rate. Similarly the high natural vegetation of the Himalayan zones are also comparatively having better air quality and experiencing better control of covid-19 cases.
Association of Neuronal Injury Blood Marker Neurofilament light chain with mild-to-moderate COVID-19
Authors: Ameres Markus , Brandstetter Susanne , Toncheva Antoaneta A. , Kabesch Michael , Leppert David , Kuhle Jens , Wellmann Sven
Published: June 2020

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affects primarily the respiratory system but neurologic manifestations of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are possible. Serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) has recently been considered as a specific biomarker to quantitate neuro-axonal damage. Concentrations of sNfL were determined in a prospective cohort study of 100 health care workers (84 females, 16 males) following a COVID-19 outbreak in a large hospital by using the single molecule array (Simoa) NF-light advantage kit. Twenty eight health care workers contracted mild-to-moderate COVID-19, recovered after 1-3 weeks without hospitalization and showed no or only minor neurological symptoms such as anosmia, fatigue or headache. sNfL levels were consistently higher in older persons and multivariable linear regression analysis revealed COVID-19 status as an independent predictor of sNfL (p=.005). In conclusion, increased sNfL levels in mild-to-moderate COVID-19 patients points towards a more general neuro-destructive capability of SARS-CoV-2.
The relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and liver enzymes in healthy adults: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Wang Ji-nian , Li Li , Hu Hua-qing , Yan Qi , Liu Ying , Cheng Shu-qi , Lian Pan-pan , Pan Faming , Xu Tao
Published: June 2020

Background

Studies have shown that serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), a product of exogenous vitamin D, plays an influential role in calcium and phosphorus balance, anti-inflammation, and cardiovascular protection. There were long-standing interests in the potential benefits of vitamin D for preventing liver diseases. Investigations showed that 25(OH)D was increased in adolescents with abnormal liver function. Yet data about the relationship of 25(OH)D concentration and liver enzymes from prospective cross-sectional study was limited. The present study is undertaken to examine whether serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and glutamyl transferase (GGT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were closely related.

Methods

The cross-sectional study of 368 healthy volunteers with no history of liver diseases was used to examine risk factors. Pearson correlation (or Spearman correlation for skewed variables) was performed to assess associations between GGT, ALT, and ALP and 25(OH)D. Linear regression analysis was conducted with GGT, ALT, and ALP as dependent variables in separate models.

Results

The results found no significant difference between ALT and ALP in different vitamin D groups (25(OH)D < 25 nmol/L、25-50 nmol/L and > 50 nmol/L) (Kruskal-Wallis test, all p > 0.05). In multiple linear regression analysis, GGT, ALT and ALP levels remained unrelated to 25(OH)D concentration after adjusting covariates including age, BMI, sex, BuN, Cr, UA, AST, Ghb, ALB, WBC, cholesterol, HDL, LDL, cholesterol, and total protein. (All p > 0.1).

Conclusion

This study suggested that there was no association between the 25(OH)D concentration and the levels of GGT, ALT or ALP in normal population.
Spatial-temporal Distribution and Demography of Knowlesi Malaria in Peninsular Malaysia, 2011 to 2018
Authors: Phang Wei Kit , Hamid Mohd Hafizi bin Abdul , Jelip Jenarun , Mudin Rose Nani binti , Chuang Ting-Wu , Lau Yee Ling , Fong Mun Yik
Published: June 2020

Background: The life-threatening zoonotic malaria caused by Plasmodium knowlesi is on the rise in Malaysia; however, previous studies mainly focus on the transmission in Malaysian Borneo. This study aims to describe the basic epidemiological characteristics of P. knowlesi infection and identify spatial clustering of knowlesi malaria in Peninsular Malaysia.
Methods : The spatial distribution of P. knowlesi monoinfection incidence was mapped across Peninsular Malaysia using Geographic Information System (GIS) approach. Demographic characteristics of the infection was investigated. Global and Local Moran’s I were used to analyze spatial autocorrelation and define clustering of knowlesi malaria incidence.
Results : Gua Musang and Lipis maintained the highest incidence rate (IR) as compared to other districts. Spatial analysis revealed that high IRs (hotspots) were clustered in the central-northern region of Peninsular Malaysia. In the demographic aspect, knowlesi malaria was more prevalent in male and age between 20 and 39.
Conclusions : This study revealed the spatial and temporal patterns of P. knowlesi in Peninsular Malaysia throughout 2011 to 2018. Knowlesi malaria control strategy should be emphasized in Malaysia malaria eradication program.
Transcription Factor Runx1 Activates Opn to Promote Tumor Progression in Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Liu Kai , Hu Huiying , Jiang Huanyu , Zhang Haidong , Gong Shanchun , yu zhenkun
Published: June 2020

Background:Metastatic progression remains a major burden for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1)has been reported to be associated with an aggressive phenotype in several cancers. However, the precise roles of RUNX1 underlying the metastaticprogression of HNSCC remain largely unknown.Methods:RUNX1 expression levels in HNSCC cells and tissues were detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), Western blottingand immunohistochemistry (IHC). In vitro and in vivo assays were performed to investigate the function of RUNX1 in the metastatic phenotype and the tumorigenic capability of HNSCC cells. Luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-qPCR assays were performed to determine the underlying mechanism of RUNX1-mediated HNSCC aggressiveness.Results:RUNX1 was increased with disease progression in patients withHNSCC.Furthermore, we found that silencing ofRUNX1 significantly decelerated the malignant progression of HNSCC cells and reduced Osteopontin (OPN) expression in vitro, and weakened the tumorigenicityof HNSCC cells in vivo. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that RUNX1 played an important role in activating MAPK signaling by directly binding to the promoter of OPN.Conclusions: Our results provide new insight into the mechanisms underlying the facilitate metastasisability of RUNX1and reveal the therapeutic potential of targeting RUNX1 in HNSCC.
KRT23 Acts as an Oncogene in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Regulating P21 via PI3K/AKT/GSK3β Pathway
Authors: Guo Dan , Ma Wenhui , Wang Ruhua , Li Yarui , Chowdhury Abu Taiub mohammed Mohiuddin , Ren Mudan , Lu Xinlan , He Shuixiang , Lu Guifang
Published: June 2020

Background:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cancer worldwide for which diagnosis, treatment and progression are largely unknown. Keratin23 is a potential biomarker forHCC development; however, regulatory mechanisms underlying its expression remain unclear. Inthis research we explored the expression and effect of KRT23 underlying HCC development. Materials and methods:GEPIA was applied to analyze the expression of KRT23 in HCC samples and Kaplan-Merier survival analysis for patients’ prognosis. Next, IHC was further conducted for confirming its expression in HCC tissues. Meanwhile qRT-PCR and western blot analysis were applied to examine the expression of KRT23 on both mRNA and protein level in HCC cell lines compared with immortal hepatocyte LO2. Cell experiments including MTT assay, apoptosis analysis, cell cycle assay and clone formation assay were conducted for cell proliferation while transwell assay and scratch test for metastasis in vitro. Moreover, xenograft tumors in nude mice were further conducted for verification in vivo. As for mechanism in depth, immunofluorescence and western blot were operated to explore the effect of KRT23 on EMT and PI3K/AKT/GSK3βsignaling pathway. Furthermore, Co-immunoprecipitation was applied for interaction between KRT23 and P21. Functional rescue experiments were conducted to further testify their mutual effect.Results:For this research, we discovered the high expression of KRT23 in HCC samples and cell lines. Functionally, KRT23 knockdown reduced cell proliferation and metastasis in vitro and vivo. Furthermore, KRT23 participated in EMT progression and interacted with P21 to mediate PI3K/AKT/GSK3βpathway in HCC development.Conclusion:To summarize, KRT23 accelerated HCC proliferation and metastasis by regulating P21 via PI3K/AKT/GSK3βpathway.
Vibrionaceae core and shell genes are non-randomly distributed into spatially distinct intracellular domains
Authors: Bækkedal Cecilie Sonnenberg , Kahlke Tim , Haugen Peik
Published: June 2020

Background: The genome of Vibrionaceae bacteria, which consists of two circular chromosomes, is replicated in a highly ordered fashion. In fast-growing bacteria, multifork replication results in higher gene copy numbers and increased expression of genes located close to the origin of replication of Chr 1 (ori1 ). This is believed to be a growth optimization strategy to satisfy the high demand of essential growth factors during fast growth. The relationship between ori1 -proximate growth-related genes and gene expression during fast growth has been investigated by many researchers. However, it remains unclear which other gene categories that are present close to ori1 and if expression of all ori1 -proximate genes is increased during fast growth, or if expression is selectively elevated for certain gene categories. Results: We calculated the pangenome of all complete genomes from the Vibrionaceae family and mapped the four pangene categories, core, softcore, shell and cloud, to their chromosomal positions. This revealed that core and softcore genes were found heavily biased towards ori1 , while shell genes were overrepresented at the opposite part of Chr 1 (i.e., close to ter1 ). RNA-seq of Aliivibrio salmonicida and Vibrio natriegens showed global gene expression patterns that consistently correlated with chromosomal distance to ori1 . Despite a biased gene distribution pattern, all pangene categories contributed to a skewed expression pattern at fast-growing conditions, whereas at slow-growing conditions, softcore, shell and cloud genes were responsible for elevated expression. Conclusion: The pangene categories were non-randomly organized on the two chromosomes, with an overrepresentation of core and softcore genes around ori1 . We mapped our gene distribution data on to the intracellular positioning of chromatin described for V. cholerae , and suggested that core/softcore and shell/cloud genes were enriched at two spatially separated intracellular regions in the cell. The concurrence of the spatial distribution of core and the level of gene expression in one intracellular region, implied that there is a link between the structural organization of core genes and their cellular function in the cell.
The Hardy Cross method and its implementation in Spain
Authors: Pons Josep Maria
Published: June 2020

In May 1930, Hardy Cross (1885-1959) published an article called ‘Analysis of continuous frames by distributing fixed-end moments’ in the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE). This article proposed a new approach to Structural Theory, and its relevance could be compared to that of the Three Moments Theorem (also known as the Clapeyron Theorem). The Cross method, as this calculation methodology has been often called, had remarkable significance from the moment it came out until the 70s, when new calculation methods became popular.
In the present article, we will be trying to evaluate its impact in locations far from its origins; in particular, how it was understood and formulated in Spain. As will be demonstrated, the importance of this method was extremely relevant for theconstruction of new buildings and the implementation of new industries, which started to appear in a decisive moment for the development of the country. Even though the Hardy Cross method was the most widely used methodology at the time, two other procedures were also available; namely, the Kani and the Takabeya methods, methods that would also appear in the technical bibliography of the time. Despite the infrequent implementation of these other methods, we have briefly referred to both of them in the present paper. This article aims to show the relevance of the Cross method as well as its early implementation in Spain, by using academic bibliography of that time.
Control de la temperatura en el interior del habitáculo de un vehículo
Authors: Rojas Reinoso Vicente , Romero Hidalgo Vicente , Pancha Ramos Johnny , Nejer Guerrero Jorge M.
Published: June 2020

El presente trabajo analiza las variables que influyen en el gradiente térmico del habitáculo en vehículos, se establecen los parámetros de los elementos con el fin de determinar la función de transferencia del sistema, logrando mantener el control de temperatura en dicho espacio; el circuito electrónico actúa con base en los parámetros y datos obtenidos de los distintos dispositivos instalados, lo cual permite mantener una temperatura de confort adecuada para la lucidez del conductor y sus ocupantes, reduciendo la fatiga por calor y evitando posibles siniestros de tránsito que se presentan frecuentemente en las carreteras del país. El objetivo principal para la optimización de las condiciones de manejo son los sistemas climatizados que, además de permitir la estabilización de temperatura cuando el vehículo está en funcionamiento, también logra hacerlo cuando se encuentre estacionario en todas sus condiciones; ya que, de esta manera, permite disminuir el riesgo a la salud y, por lo tanto, a la gestión realizada por el conductor y sus ocupantes.
Sam Ferguson's Diaries Real and Fictional in Twentieth-century French Writing
Authors: Schmitt Arnaud
Published: June 2020

Over the last two decades, Philippe Lejeune’s research has established diary-writing as maybe the only form of life-writing immune from panfictionalism. In an oft-quoted article (Lejeune 2007), the French theorist famously expressed his fiction and autofiction fatigue (‘[…] j’ai créé “antifiction” par agacement devant “autofiction”, le mot et la chose’, 3) and set up an insurmountable ontological barrier between autobiographies and diaries: ‘autobiography has fallen under the spell of fiction, diaries are enamored with truth’ (‘[…] l’autobiographie vit sous le charme de la fiction, le journal a le béguin pour la verité’, 3).1 In his more recent book, Aux Origines du Journal Personnel: France, 1750–1815 (2016), Lejeune not only reasserted this privileged connection between diaries and truth/reality—not unlike Barthes’s claim in La Chambre claire that photography cannot be distinguished from its referent— but went as far as removing diaries from the field of literary studies as, according to him, they do not constitute a literary genre (or only as an epiphenomenon). In Diaries Real and Fictional in Twentieth-Century French Writing, Sam Ferguson opts for an altogether different approach.
Pablo Picasso and Gertrude Stein. Correspondence
Authors: Reeve Charles
Published: June 2020

Fragmentation, dissection, explosion: how to characterize the most influentially innovative art—be it theatre, music, literature or painting—of the twentieth century’s first half depends on which artistic formation one has in view and how violent or deliberate one takes that formation to have been. Regardless, a splitting open, dismantling or weakening of the bonds between its constituent parts marked that moment’s culture, with Gertrude Stein and Pablo Picasso as two of that disintegrative impulse’s most influential proponents. Such history might well lead a reader to anticipate scintillating exchanges, crackling with imagination, throughout this collection.
From Social Performance to Expressing the ‘True Self’: The Change in the Communicational Assumptions in Polish Letter-Writing Manuals from the Eighteenth and the Early Nineteenth Centuries in the Context of the Emergence of Modern Sincerity in the West
Authors: Sikora Agata
Published: June 2020

While the traditional model of verbal expression was founded on the premise that individuals should skilfully use conventions in order to achieve their goals, the modern approach, based on sincerity, assumes that people should problematise the truth about their own selves, and their utterances should be interpreted in relation to that truth. The article traces the emergence of the new concept of communication by analysing Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s Confessions and Julie, or the New Heloise, and Polish letter-writing manuals from the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, putting emphasis on the premises of the new attitude (emergence of modern subjectivity, interpreting communication in referential rather than performative terms) and the wider socio-cultural context (emancipation of middle classes, transition from orality to literacy).
Lifestyle Segmentation to Explain the Online Health Information–Seeking Behavior of Older Adults: Representative Telephone Survey
Authors: Weber Winja , Reinhardt Anne , Rossmann Constanze
Published: June 2020

Background

As a result of demographic changes, the number of people aged 60 years and older has been increasing steadily. Therefore, older adults have become more important as a target group for health communication efforts. Various studies show that online health information sources have gained importance among younger adults, but we know little about the health-related internet use of senior citizens in general and in particular about the variables explaining their online health-related information–seeking behavior. Media use studies indicate that in addition to sociodemographic variables, lifestyle factors might play a role in this context.

Objective

The aim of this study was to examine older people’s health-related internet use. Our study focused on the explanatory potential of lifestyle types over and above sociodemographic variables to predict older adults’ internet use for health information.

Methods

A telephone survey was conducted with a random sample of German adults aged 60 years and older (n=701) that was quota-allocated by gender, age, educational status, and degree of urbanity of their place of residence.

Results

The results revealed that participants used the internet infrequently (mean 1.82 [SD 1.07]), and medical personnel (mean 2.89 [SD 1.11]), family and friends (mean 2.86 [SD 1.21]), and health brochures (mean 2.85 [SD 1.21]) were their main sources of health information. A hierarchical cluster analysis based on values, interests, and leisure time activities revealed three different lifestyle types for adults aged over 60 years: the Sociable Adventurer, the Average Family Person, and the Uninterested Inactive. After adding these types as second-step predictors in a hierarchical regression model with sociodemographic variables (step 1), the explained variance increased significantly (R2=.02, P=.001), indicating that the Average Family Person and the Sociable Adventurer use the internet more often for health information than the Uninterested Inactive, over and above their sociodemographic attributes.

Conclusions

Our findings indicate that the internet still plays only a minor role in the health information–seeking behavior of older German adults. Nevertheless, there are subgroups including younger, more active, down-to-earth and family-oriented males that may be reached with online health information. Our findings suggest that lifestyle types should be taken into account when predicting health-related internet use behavior.
Electronic Mental Health as an Option for Egyptian Psychiatry: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kamel Mostafa Mamdouh , Westenberg Jean Nicolas , Choi Fiona , Tabi Katarina , Badawy Adel , Ramy Hisham , Elsawi Hossam , Krausz Michael
Published: June 2020

Background

Egypt is a country of nearly 100 million citizens, and there are less than 1000 registered psychiatrists. The mental health care system is under resourced and nearly inaccessible for the majority of the population. In addition, youth under the age of 25 years represent 50% of Egyptian citizens; however, there are no specific services addressing their unique needs. How can the needs of the largest population in the Middle East be effectively addressed? Is a web-based framework an option for Egyptian psychiatrists to serve the population?

Objective

The aims of this study were to better understand the opinions of psychiatrists on the current state of mental health care services in Egypt and their current knowledge on electronic mental health (EMH); assess the attitudes of Egyptian psychiatrists toward web-based interventions and telemedicine for mental health; and identify perceived advantages and barriers of EMH development in Egypt.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted online among 640 Egyptian psychiatrists. It included a total of 36 items within a set of 16 questions asking about EMH literacy, integrating EMH into the mental health care system, and the perceived priorities and barriers of EMH. The sampling was supported by Tanta University, a large academic institution close to Cairo. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 25 (IBM Corp). Descriptive statistics, the chi-square test, the independent sample t test, and analysis of variance were applied.

Results

A total of 188 participants responded (response rate of 29.4%), of which 54.2% (102/188) were female and 54.3% (102/188) were between 30 and 45 years old. Less than half of the participants thought that the current health care system was efficient for adults (69/155, 44.4%), and even less thought it was efficient for youth (44/155, 28.3%). Almost all participants agreed that EMH would be beneficial for patient care (147/155, 94.8%) and that integrating EMH into the current health care system would be a good idea (118/155, 76.2%). The highest rated utility of web-based solutions was documentation, followed by psychoeducation and communication with professionals. The main advantages were to improve access to care in rural areas of the country and its convenience.

Conclusions

There is scarcity of mental health resources in Egypt. Egyptian psychiatrists are interested in EMH and believe web-based platforms can become part of the solution for the Egyptian mental health care system.
User Experiences and Preferences Regarding an App for the Treatment of Urinary Incontinence in Adult Women: Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Wessels Nienke J , Hulshof Lisa , Loohuis Anne M M , van Gemert-Pijnen Lisette , Jellema Petra , van der Worp Henk , Blanker Marco H
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

Although several apps are available to support the treatment of urinary incontinence (UI), little has been reported about the experiences and preferences of their users.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to explore the experiences and preferences of women using a mobile app for the treatment of UI and to identify potential improvements to the app. We developed this app for three types of UI: stress UI, urgency UI, and mixed UI.

METHODS

The participants in this qualitative study were women with self-reported stress UI, urgency UI, or mixed UI who used an app-based treatment to manage their condition for at least six weeks. Following the intervention, semistructured interviews were conducted to explore the participants’ experiences and preferences regarding the app. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed separately by two researchers.

RESULTS

Data saturation was reached after interviewing 9 women (aged 32-68 years) with stress UI (n=1, 11%), urgency UI (n=3, 33%), or mixed UI (n=5, 56%). Accessibility, awareness, usability, and adherence emerged as the main themes. On the one hand, participants appreciated that the app increased their accessibility to care, preserved their privacy, increased their awareness of therapeutic options, was easy to use and useful, and supported treatment adherence. On the other hand, some participants reported that they wanted more contact with a care provider, and others reported that using the app increased their awareness of symptoms.

CONCLUSIONS

This qualitative study indicates that women appreciate app-based treatment for UI because it can lower barriers to treatment and increase both awareness and adherence to treatment. However, the app does not offer the ability of face-to-face contact and can lead to a greater focus on symptoms.
An infodemiological study on Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) in Iran using Google Trends (Preprint)
Authors: Zeinali Vahide , Abbasianchavari Arameh , Javadi Vadood
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

there are evidences for the fact that infodemiology studies can predict the prevalence of diseases and general health problems. This study aimed to investigate the infodemiology of new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Iran.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate the infodemiology of new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Iran.

METHODS

To confirm the searches conducted by Iranian users in the Google search engine, three keywords such as Corona, Coronavirus and COVID-19 were used in Persian. In addition, 16 keywords related to the symptoms of the disease were used to look into how searches were conducted on the symptoms of COVID-19. All of the study keywords were searched in Google Trends (GTr). In GTr results the geographical area and the search period were limited to Iran and the last 12 months, respectively. The search results were saved as an Excel output and analyzed via SPSS software (V.23).

RESULTS

The searches conducted by Iranian users with the three keywords Corona, Coronavirus and COVID-19 increased significantly from January to March 2020, and then decreased significantly in April 2020. There was a positive and significant correlation between the search rate of COVID-19 and the number of new cases of COVID-19 on the day of searches, 3 and 7 days after searches (P = 0.00). Search rates with COVID-19 were able to predict the number of COVID-19 new cases 3 days after the search (B = 16.74, 95% CI: 1.67-31.82). Search rates with COVID-19 and taste disorders were also able to predict the number of COVID-19 new cases, 7 days after the searches (B = 22.75, 95% CI: 11.72-33.78; B = 12.50, 95% CI: 5.30-16.96).

CONCLUSIONS

The information behavior of Iranian users in the Google can predict the incidence of COVID-19 in this country. On the other hand GTr reports are free and real-time, so this tool can be used to manage and control the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran.
Zheng He’s Soft Power Discourse in Indonesia: Identity in Power Relation
Authors: Pratisti Siti Aliyuna , Sari Deasy Silvya , Hidayat Taufik
Published: June 2020

This article proposes an identity turn in the ongoing discourse of China’s peaceful rise. While economic diplomacy remains as China’s leading trade, a robust social relation has been deliberately promoted in maintaining the relationship between states. To symbolize the peaceful relation, China does not need to look further as Zheng He, an ancient sea admiral of the Ming dynasty, posed as a powerful figure for peaceful diplomacy. The social constructivist approach to soft power will be used in analyzing the concept of collective identity and power relations. To illustrate this approach, a specific case study on China-Indonesia Muslim’s connection that exists since Zheng He’s era, will be highlighted as a landscape where the shared identity meet. The qualitative method will be applied to interpret shared values between the two societies. Despite the fact that the state level of analysis is generally used in depicting soft power discourse, this article tries to step beyond the boundaries of states by emphasizing the relationship of soft power in society level.
The Effect of Banana Skin on Acne Vulgaris
Authors: Amalia Amirul , Sulistiyowati Sulistiyowati
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTAcne vulgaris is a common inflammatory condition in the pilosebaceous unit that occurs in female adolescents and young adults characterized by blackheads, papules, pustules, nodules. A non-medical treatment is one of intervention which can be done to treat Acne vulgaris. One example of non-medical treatment is herbal therapy using banana skin. Banana skin contains antioxidants, anti-fungus, therefore it can accelerate the healing process, help to lift dead skin cells, and prevent the risk of new acne. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of banana skin to treat Acne Vulgaris. This research used a pre-experimental with one group pretest and posttest design. The respondents were female adolescents in Gedangan Village Sukodadi Lamongan who include in the inclusion criteria. The data were analyzed using Wilcoxon Tests. The results showed that banana skin was found to be effectively decreased the symptoms of Acne vulgaris (p-value < 0.05). In conclusion, this study are expected to be additional information of the effect of a banana skin on Acne vulgaris in adolescents, and it may provide input for clinicians to manage Acne Vulgaris, especially in female adolescents.Keyword: Acne Vulgaris, Banana Skin, Female Adolescents
The Influence Of Health Education On The Selection Of Healthy Snacks For School
Authors: Putri Ronasari Mahaji
Published: June 2020

Usia sekolah merupakan masa pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak.Asupan makan yang baik dan bergizi akan sangat menunjang pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak usia sekolah.  Jajanan bisa dianggap sebagai salah satu kebutuhan anak sekolah yang harus dipenuhi. Pemilihan jajan anak yang tidak sehat berdampak pada kesehatan anak. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendidikan pendidikan kesehatan terhadap pemilihan jajan sehat anak sekolah.Merupakan penelitian quasy eksperiment dengan the one group pre test post test design. Populasi adalah seluruh anak SD Merjosari 3 Malang sejumlah 196 orang. Sampel sejumlah 69 anak diambil melalui purposive sampling.  Instrumen dalam penelitian ini adalah kuesioner. Analisa data menggunakan uji t test 2 sampel berpasangan. Hasil penelitian diketahui  pengetahuan pemilihan jajan anak meningkat setelah pemberian pendidikan kesehatan dari kategori cukup ( 54,2%)  menjadi baik (47%).Hasil uji statistic menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan terhadap pemilihan jajan anak di SDN 3 Merjosari Malang (pvalue 0,00) dengan kekutan hubungan 0,912
The Soft Skills of Millenial Generation Orientee Nurses
Authors: Bratajaya Cicilia Nony , Ernawati Ernawati
Published: June 2020

Introduction: In doing their work, nurses often deal with other nurses, other health workers, patients, and patients' families. In addition, the job as a nurse in a hospital is related to the ability to be able to work together in teams. Therefore, a nurse is expected to have soft-skill attributes which, in this Millennial era, have different challenges from the previous era. Objective: The purpose of this study is to include soft-skills inherent in self-care nurses who have just connected the workforce from the point of view of senior nurses associated with them in the hospital. Method: Qualitative research involving 7 informants, namely senior nurses in the hospital, the informants were selected by purposive sampling based on inclusion criteria. Results: The results raised the theme of millennial nurses' soft-skills which are grouped into 3 groups of soft-skills, namely: (1) personal skills (personal skills), (2) social skills (social skills), (3) methodological skills (methodological skills), and the theme of soft-skill internalization. Discussion: Can reduce soft skills still need to be internalized for students since the time of education.
Characteristic Analysis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Based on HbA1C
Authors: Andarmoyo Sulistyo , Yusoff Harmy Mohamed , Abdullah Berhanudin , Yusop Yuzana Mohd
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases with hyperglycemia characteristic that occurs due to insulin resistance accompanied by relative insulin deficiency. Monitoring the metabolic status of DM patients is important. One method that can be used to determine blood glucose control in people with DM is measurement of hemoglobin-glycosylated (HbA1c). Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the characteristics of DM patients based on HbA1c levels in Ponorogo Regency, East Java, Indonesia. Method: The study used a cross-sectional design, and descriptive data presentation. The study took a sample of 180 people with type 2 diabetes in Ponorogo Regency. Respondent characteristic data in the form of age, sex, education and duration of DM were obtained through interviews, and HbA1c values were obtained by blood tests in a standardized laboratory in Ponorogo Regency. Results: The results of the study shows that 81.7% of 180 DM patients had 16.5% HbA1c values. Patients with HbA1c ≥6.5% are mostly women, old age, low education, and have had suffered DM less than 5 years. Discussion: To prevent further complications, glycemic control is needed through routine and periodic HbA1c checks.