bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
XIX amžiaus lietuviškųjų periodinių leidinių publikacijos: „Lietuvos bibliografijos“ C serijos leidinių apžvalga
Authors: Matijošienė Audronė
Published: June 2021

Straipsnio tikslas – apibūdinti lietuviškosios periodinės spaudos vietą XIX amžiaus lietuvių visuomeniniame ir kultūriniame gyvenime, pateikti jos paplitimo geografinį žemėlapį ir publikacijų statistinę analizę, aptarti bibliografijos metraščių rengimo eigą ir grožinės literatūros, ypač poezijos, vietą lietuviškoje periodinėje spaudoje.
CÂNCER INFANTIL: O IMPACTO DO DIAGNÓSTICO PARA A CRIANÇA E FAMILIARES
Authors: Oliveira Leidiane Silva de
Published: June 2021

O câncer infantil corresponde a várias doenças. A característica comum dessa doença é a proliferação descontrolada de células anormais. Essa doença pode ocorrer em qualquer parte do corpo. Estima-se que 70% das crianças com câncer podem ser curadas se diagnosticadas precocemente e tratadas corretamente. No centro, a maioria das pessoas tem boa qualidade de vida após o tratamento. A diferença entre o câncer adulto e o infantil é que a infância geralmente afeta as células do sistema sanguíneo e os tecidos de suporte. Métodos: O presente estudo trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, cuja trajetória metodológica percorrida apoiou-se nas literaturas exploratórias e seletivas do material de pesquisa, bem como em sua revisão integrativa, que contribui para o processo de síntese e análise dos resultados de vários estudos. Resultados: Posteriormente, o diagnóstico dessa mudança passou a ocorrer em todas as direções, caracterizando-se por um período em que ambos os lados foram rejeitados. Conclusão: Após este estudo pode-se dizer que o câncer é uma doença que acarreta muitas repercussões tanto na vida da pessoa que adoece quanto na dos familiares que acompanham o processo desde o diagnóstico, passando pelo tratamento e recuperação dos casos, requerendo desta forma uma forte atuação da equipe multiprofissional de saúde em relação à avaliação e todo suporte à pessoa e sua família. O diagnóstico do câncer infantil causa dor, ansiedade e inúmeras variedades de sentimentos. Passar por esse processo é doloroso e envolve muito medo e ansiedade, momentos muito delicados para a criança e sua família.
New methodology shows short atmospheric lifetimes of oxidized sulfur and nitrogen due to dry deposition
Authors: Hayden Katherine , Li Shao-Meng , Makar Paul , Liggio John , Moussa Samar G. , Akingunola Ayodeji , McLaren Robert , Staebler Ralf M. , Darlington Andrea , O'Brien Jason , Zhang Junhua , Wolde Mengistu , Zhang Leiming
Published: June 2021

Abstract. The atmospheric lifetimes of pollutants determine their impacts on human
health, ecosystems and climate, and yet, pollutant lifetimes due to dry deposition over large regions have not been determined from measurements.
Here, a new methodology based on aircraft observations is used to determine
the lifetimes of oxidized sulfur and nitrogen due to dry deposition over
(3-6)×103 km2 of boreal forest in Canada. Dry deposition
fluxes decreased exponentially with distance from the Athabasca oil sands
sources, located in northern Alberta, resulting in lifetimes of 2.2–26 h. Fluxes were 2–14 and 1–18 times higher than model estimates for
oxidized sulfur and nitrogen, respectively, indicating dry deposition
velocities which were 1.2–5.4 times higher than those computed for models. A
Monte Carlo analysis with five commonly used inferential dry deposition algorithms indicates that such model underestimates of dry deposition
velocity are typical. These findings indicate that deposition to vegetation
surfaces is likely underestimated in regional and global chemical transport models regardless of the model algorithm used. The
model–observation gaps may be reduced if surface pH and quasi-laminar and aerodynamic resistances in algorithms are optimized as shown in the
Monte Carlo analysis. Assessing the air quality and climate impacts of atmospheric pollutants on regional and global scales requires improved
measurement-based understanding of atmospheric lifetimes of these
pollutants.
Assessing internal changes in the future structure of dry–hot compound events: the case of the Pyrenees
Authors: Lemus-Canovas Marc , Lopez-Bustins Joan Albert
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Impacts upon vulnerable areas such as mountain ranges may become greater under a future scenario of adverse climatic conditions. In this sense, the
concurrence of long dry spells and extremely hot temperatures can induce environmental risks such as wildfires, crop yield losses or other problems,
the consequences of which could be much more serious than if these events were to occur separately in time (e.g. only long dry spells). The present
study attempts to address recent and future changes in the following dimensions: duration (D), magnitude (M) and extreme magnitude (EM)
of compound dry–hot events in the Pyrenees. The analysis focuses upon changes in the extremely long dry spells and extremely high temperatures that
occur within these dry periods in order to estimate whether the internal structure of the compound event underwent a change in the observed period
(1981–2015) and whether it will change in the future (2006–2100) under intermediate (RCP4.5, where RCP is representative concentration pathway) and high (RCP8.5) emission scenarios. To this end, we
quantified the changes in the temporal trends of such events, as well as changes in the bivariate probability density functions for the main
Pyrenean regions. The results showed that to date the risk of the compound event has increased by only one dimension – magnitude (including extreme
magnitude) – during the last few decades. In relation to the future, increase in risk was found to be associated with an increase in both the
magnitude and the duration (extremely long dry spells) of the compound event throughout the Pyrenees during the spring under RCP8.5 and in the
northernmost part of this mountain range during summer under this same scenario.
Spatial variations, origins, and risk assessments of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in French soils
Authors: Froger Claire , Saby Nicolas P. A. , Jolivet Claudy C. , Boulonne Line , Caria Giovanni , Freulon Xavier , de Fouquet Chantal , Roussel Hélène , Marot Franck , Bispo Antonio
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent
organic pollutants produced by anthropogenic activities that contaminate all
environmental spheres, including soils. This study focused on PAHs measured
in 2154 soils in France, covering the entire territory based on a regular
sampling grid. The quantified concentrations in the Σ15 PAHs ranged
from 5.1 to 31 200 µg kg−1, with a median value of
32.6 µg kg−1, and PAHs were detected in 70 % of the
soil samples. The map of Σ15 PAH concentrations revealed strong
spatial variations in soil contamination throughout France, with larger
concentrations in soils of industrial regions and near major cities. PAH
molecular diagnostic ratios support the historical origin of PAHs in the
northern part of France being linked to the significant emissions of PAHs in
Europe during the industrial period of 1850–1950, in particular with the
contribution of coal and/or biomass combustion and iron–steel production. A health
risk assessment conducted for the residential population resulted in a
median value of 1.07 × 10−8 in total lifetime cancer risk,
with only 20 sites above the limit of 10−6 and one above the limit of
10−5 adopted by the French government. These results reveal the need to
conduct large-scale studies on soil contamination to determine the fate of
PAHs and evaluate the risks induced by soil pollution at a country-level
scale.
Review article: Performance assessment of electromagnetic wave-based field sensors for SWE monitoring
Authors: Royer Alain , Roy Alexandre , Jutras Sylvain , Langlois Alexandre
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Continuous and spatially distributed data of snow mass (snow water equivalent, SWE) from automatic ground-based measurements are increasingly required for climate change studies and for hydrological applications (snow hydrological model improvement and data assimilation). We present and compare four new-generation non-invasive sensors that are based on electromagnetic waves for direct measurements of SWE: Cosmic Ray Neutron Probe (CNRP); Gamma Ray Monitoring (GMON) scintillator; frequency-modulated continuous-wave radar (FMCW-Radar) at 24 GHz; and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers for SWE retrieval. All four techniques are relatively low cost, have low power requirements, provide continuous and autonomous measurements, and can be installed in remote areas. Their operating principles are briefly summarized before examples of comparative measurements are provided. A performance review comparing their advantages, drawbacks and accuracies is discussed. Overall instrument accuracy is estimated to range between 9 and 15 %.
The August Wilson Archive: First Panel Discussion (January 2021)
Authors: Anderson David , Downing Michael
Published: June 2021

The Editor and Managing Editor of the August Wilson Journal met with four specialists from the University Library System (ULS) at the University of Pittsburgh and one University of Pittsburgh history professor via Zoom on January 14, 2021 to discuss the ULS’s recent acquisition of August Wilson’s archival materials.
Pengaruh Penambahan Daging Buah Naga Super Merah (Hylocereus Costaricensis) Terhadap Kualitas Nata De Coco Yang Dihasilkan
Authors: - Hamka , Amanah Sri , Marwati  , Nurmarini Eva
Published: June 2021

Tanaman kelapa merupakan salah satu tanaman perkebunan yang memiliki manfaat besar bagi kehidupan manusia yang saat ini belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan kualitas komoditi kelapa yaitu dengan memanfaatkan air kelapa sebagai bahan baku pembuatan Nata de Coco yang ditambahkan daging buah naga super merah sebagai pewarna alami. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL), dengan 3 kali ulangan untuk penambahan daging buah naga dengan konsentrasi 0%, 15%, 30%, dan 45% pada pembuatan Nata de Coco tersebut. Parameter yang diuji adalah uji ketebalan, uji derajat keasaman (pH) dan uji organoleptik terhadap warna,  aroma, rasa, dan tekstur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan nyata terhadap nilai pH, ketebalan, serat kasar  dan uji organoleptik terhadap aroma, rasa serta tekstur.  Penambahan daging buah naga super merah 10% mendekati control (tanpa penambahan daging buah super merah, 0%) dengan nilai pH 3,65; ketebalan 0,48 cm; kadar serat 6,11%  dan nilai organoleptik warna (agak suka), aroma (agak suka), rasa (suka) dan tekstur (suka).
Error Analysis Of Indonesian Grammatical Interference In Students’ English Composition
Authors: Puspita
Published: June 2021

The first language (L1) of learners has a significant effect in learning a foreign language. The influence of L1 could become errors, that is called interference. The main purposes of the study are to identify the most dominant type of language interference and the factors contribute to language interference in students’ English composition. The data were collected from 67 Second Grade Students of Plantation Management Study Program in State Polytechnic of Agriculture, Samarinda for the Academic Year 2019/2020, and taken through elicitation technique and documentation, and then analyzed the errors. The result of the study shows that the type of grammatical interference comprise morphological errors and syntactical errors were the most troublesome areas of language that students encountered when conducting composition in English. Since the main focus of the study is L1 interference, only errors related to Indonesian as L1 interference were addressed.
Identifikasi Perubahan Indeks Kerapatan Bangunan Pasca Likuifaksi Di Kota Palu
Authors: Pranata Sandi , Kurniadin Nia
Published: June 2021

Kota Palu adalah ibukota dari Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah, Indonesia. Pada tanggal 28 september 2018 telah terjadi bencana alam berupa gempa bumi berkekuatan 7,4 Skala Richter (SR) yang diikuti dengan tsunami, serta likuifaksi yang melanda Kelurahan Petobo dan Balaroa. Gempa bumi, tsunami dan likuifaksi tidak hanya menyebabkan korban jiwa, namun juga menyebabkan kerusakan terhadap bangunan yang ada di Kota Palu dan sekitarnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi perubahan indeks kerapatan bangunan di Kota Palu pasca likuifaksi menggunakan citra Sentinel-2 tanggal 27 September 2018 dan 2 Oktober 2018. Metode yang digunakan dengan pendekatan Normalized Difference Built-Up Index (NDBI) pada kedua citra sehingga mendapatkan perubahan kerapatan bangunan pasca Likufaksi di Kota Palu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai indeks kerapatan bangunan berdasarkan kelas kerapatan non-bangunan, kerapatan bangunan rendah, kerapatan bangunan sedang, dan kerapatan bangunan tinggi secara berturut-turut mengalami perubahan -605.07 Ha, 61.07 Ha, 369.36 Ha, dan 174.64 Ha. Kelurahan Petobo mengalami dampak Likuifaksi 163 Ha, sedangkan Kelurahan Balaroa mengalami dampak Likuifaksi 39.54 Ha.
Physical and chemical processes in the cavity of the oxygen converter when burning the bath with the afterburning of exhaust gases
Authors: Chernyatevich A.G. , Molchanov L.S. , Vakulchuk V.V. , Yushkevich B.Y.
Published: June 2021

The aim of the study is to study the characteristics of physicochemical processes in the cavity of an oxygen converter when purging a bath through two-tier tuyeres of various designs. The analysis showed that the classical designs of oxygen tuyeres equipped with tips with Laval nozzles do not always satisfy the requirements of the technology. The article presents the results of laboratory high-temperature modeling of the process of purging the converter bath through two-tier tuyeres equipped with tips of various designs. The studies were carried out on a multipurpose installation mounted on the basis of a 150-kg induction furnace and a 60-kg converter manufactured at a scale of 1:18 relative to 160 tons of an industrial unit. It is shown that the use of a two-tier lance provides additional advantages for the smelting process. So, in the initial and main periods of purging the converter bath through a two-tier lance with a double-row tip, it was possible to accelerate the process of slag formation without the addition of fluorspar, to intensify the removal of phosphorus at a high carbon content. Upon completion of the initial purge period at a low metal temperature of 1300-1330 ° C and the corresponding basicity of liquid slag, the degree of dephosphorization of 73.3-79.1% is achieved. When used for blowing two-tier tuyeres with double-row tips, the efficiency of afterburning of CO exhaust gases to CO2 also increases at the same decarburization rate of the bath. Based on the data of high-temperature modeling, the rational design of the two-tier lance has been determined, which ensures: balance of the heat balance; yield increase; creating conditions for the removal of phosphorus at a high carbon content; exclusion of negative effects on the lining.
Research of the influence of boron microallegation on the corrosion behavior of a low-carbon structural steel in various structural condition
Authors: Razdobreev V.G.
Published: June 2021

The aim of the work is to study the effect of boron, structural features of the rolled steel of low-carbon steel in hot rolled and thermally hardened states on its corrosion resistance. Investigation of the corrosion resistance of hot-rolled and thermally hardened (quenching and tempering at temperatures of 200-600 jC) low-carbon steel St3sp containing 0.007% B and having no boron additives was carried out on polished samples with constant immersion in room temperature acidic medium, causing corrosion with hydrogen depolarization (1 N solution of H2SO4), and with variable immersion in aggressive media, causing corrosion with oxygen depolarization (in a 3 % NaCl solution). It was found that the atmospheric corrosion rate of hot-rolled low-carbon steel with and without boron is almost the same. It was experimentally established that samples of boron-containing steel (0.007 % B), when tested in a 1 N solution of H2SO4 and when immersed in a 3 % NaCl solution in a thermally hardened state, have a lower corrosion resistance than steel without boron: the maximum corrosion losses were samples hardened and tempered at a temperature of 300 оC. As shown by studies of microstructures using an electron microscope, when tempering 300 оC, hardened boron-containing steel is released, many relatively small inclusions of boron are released that contribute to the so-called structural corrosion. These finely divided inclusions, most of which are identified as Fe2B, are released from the supersaturated solid solution upon cooling and sharply reduce the resistance of steel to atmospheric corrosion. Thus, improving the hardenability of low-carbon steel, boron significantly reduces its corrosion resistance in aggressive environments after quenching and tempering.
Development of a knowledge base for modeling the physicochemical properties of metallurgical systems and processes
Authors: Togobitskaya D.N , Belkova A.I , Stepanenko D.A.
Published: June 2021

The Institute of Ferrous Metallurgy created the Knowledge Base “Metallurgy” (BDMet). It can be used to model the physicochemical properties of metallurgical systems and processes based on modern computer information technology. The aim of the work is to develop the fundamental foundations and identify the main directions of development of PMD, expand the presentation of fundamental, technological and regulatory reference information for analysis and multi-criteria optimization of technological processes. A component of BDMet is also the Base of models of metallurgical systems and technological processes, applied and theoretical research software. The database contains experimental data on the physicochemical properties of metal and slag melts formed from the corresponding charge materials in reducing and oxidizing conditions. The results of relevant scientific and applied developments of the department of physicochemical problems of metallurgical processes are shown. It is noted that the presence in the BDMet of the stock of models according to redistribution and a unified methodology for their creation on a modular basis allows the generation of models into a single end-to-end model. It also allows you to identify the optimal scheme of metallurgical processes and ensure the production of metal of a given quality in the framework of end-to-end technology. It is shown that the use allows us to solve the problems of optimization of technological processes for the production of iron and steel. The prospects for the development of further studies for systemic accumulation in the databases of documentary factual data and experimental information on the properties of metal and slag melts, as well as their further use in reduction and oxidation processes of metallurgical production, are determined.
The study of the velocity of dispersed particles at different angles of division of a two-phase flow
Authors: Shevchenko S.A. , Shevchenko A.F. , Tolstopyat A.P. , Fleyer L.A. , Yeliseyev V.I
Published: June 2021

The aim of this work is to assess the influence of a t-shaped divider (α = 180°) on the speed of movement of spherical particles along the path of a two-nozzle lance in the air stream. Also, comparison with the results of flow separation experiments at smaller angles. The performed studies showed that in the t-shaped divider the reagent particles have a complex trajectory of motion. Part of the particles has an outflow velocity corresponding to other types of divider (7 – 14 m/sec), and the other equilibrium part of the particles is slowed down and has an outflow speed 4 – 5 times lower (1 – 3 m/sec). This is reflected by the bimodal nature of the distribution of the results. In this regard, the transition from single particles to a denser flow (in the case of an increase in the reagent supply intensity) will lead to instability of the injection process, to pulsations and even blocking of the lance. This under conditions of flow into the melt will lead to blockage of the nozzle. This is confirmed by individual attempts to inject granular magnesium through a t-shaped lance in cast iron desulfurization plants. In this case, magnesium was introduced with overestimated flow rates of the transporting gas and an intensity of no more than 5–6 kg/min, which is 5 times less than through a y-shaped two-nozzle lance. In addition, the injection was carried out through one nozzle, since the other in the first seconds of the release of magnesium was clogged. The process proceeded violently and was accompanied by splashes of cast iron from the ladle. It is established that, in comparison with the flow separation angles ( = 30, 60, 90), the t-shaped divider ( = 180) reduces the speed of magnesium and polystyrene particles to a greater extent (by 20 – 50%). In addition, the physical characteristics of the interacting materials, the shape of the particles, the flow rate of the transporting gas, and the length of the nozzle after the divider significantly affect the speed of movement of a solid particle along the path of a two-nozzle lance.
Model Penentuan Rute Terpendek Penjemputan Sampah Menggunakan Metode MTSP dan Algoritma Genetika
Authors: Aswandi  , Cokrowibowo Sugiarto , Irianti Arnita
Published: June 2021

Garbage pick-ups performed by two or more people must have a route in their pickup. However, it is not easy to model the route of the pickup that each point must be passed and each point is only passed once. Now, the method to create a route has been done a lot, one of the most commonly used methods is the creation of routes using the Traveling Salesman Problem method. Traveling Salesman Problem is a method to determine the route of a series of cities where each city is only traversed once. In this study, the shortest route modeling was conducted using Multiple Traveling Salesman Problem and Genetic Algorithm to find out the shortest route model that can be passed in garbage pickup. In this study, datasets will be used as pick-up points to then be programmed to model the shortest routes that can be traveled. The application of Multiple Traveling Salesman Problem method using Genetic Algorithm shows success to model garbage pickup route based on existing dataset, by setting the parameters of 100 generations and 100 population and 4 salesmen obtained 90% of the best individual opportunities obtained with the best individual fitness value of 0.05209. The test was conducted using BlackBox testing and the results of this test that the functionality on the system is 100% appropriate.
Developing students’ practical competence in teaching natural science for 8th graders using STEM education orientation
Authors: Le Hoang Huy , Nguyen Giang Truong
Published: June 2021

STEM education is a direction chosen by the Ministry of Education and Training in recent years to train learners with the necessary skills of the 21st century, which helps learners meet the increasing demand for human resources. In the 4.0 era, the problem of developing students’ abilities is an urgent matter. The competencies that students need to develop include general and specialized competencies. In the specialized competencies, the capacity to practice has a particularly important role. Developing the capacity to practise natural sciences of 8th graders is an urgent issue to improve the quality of current education in Vietnam to meet the reform’s requirements of the general education program.
The effectiveness of using scoring rubrics in academic writing to English-majored students
Authors: Trinh Linh Hong
Published: June 2021

English academic writing competences play such an integral part in students’ academic life. Nevertheless, students often deliver poor performances in academic writing class at university or have a great deal of difficulties in writing a composition. The paper presents the results from an action research project on the effectiveness of using scoring rubrics in teaching academic writing to English-majored freshmen in University of Languages and International Studies, Vietnam National University. 150 students coming from 6 different classes, all majoring in English language teaching or English language interpretation participated in this study. The article shows that after a semester using rubrics, the academic writing skills of students improved significantly with the increase in their grades also the decrease in the number of mistakes that they made during the writing process. However, there are still some certain hindrances to the use of rubrics in teaching and learning academic writing. Several recommendations are made concerning the effective use of scoring rubrics in academic writing class.
Cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents: mediation analysis of crosssectional study. [Riesgo cardiometabólico en niños y adolescentes: análisis de mediación de un estudio transversal].
Authors:   Universidad Católica de Murcia, González-Gálvez Noelia ,   Spain, Ribeiro Jose Carlos , Mota Jorge
Published: June 2021

The aims of this study were a) to assess whether obesity acts as a mediator between i) cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and mean blood pressure; and ii) between between physical activity (PA) and mean blodd pressure in children and adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a 632 children and adolescents. It was measured mean blood pressure, body mass index, fat mass and waist circumference. CRF and PA was assessing with Course Navette test and ActiGraph. The analysis of the mediation was performed using Process macro for SPSS. The results indicate that obesity acts as a partial mediation in the association between CRF and mean blood pressure in 10-12 years old children (z=from -5.81 to -5.40; all p˂0.000). These results indicate that obesity acts as a complete mediator in the association between PA and mean blood pressure in 10-12 years old children (z=from -4.49 to -1.94; all p˂0.000). Our result reinforces the relevance of prevent weight increse and improve cardiorespiratory fitness level since erly age in children and adolescents to prevent high mean blood pressure. Increasing the level of physical activity can influence on obesity and cardiorespiratory fitness.
The effect of a breakfast’s glycaemic index and type of hydration on metabolism and cycling performance: a crossover, randomized, controlled clinical trial. [El efecto del índice glucémico del desayuno y el tipo de hidratación en el metabolismo y el rendimiento del ciclismo: un ensayo clínico cruzado, aleatorizado y controlado].
Authors:   Viçosa Federal University. Brazil, Cazal Mariana de Melo , Cássia Gonçalves Alfenas Rita de , Carmo Gouveia Peluzio Maria do , dos Santos Amorim Paulo Roberto
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of the glycaemic index of breakfast on metabolic parameters and performance of cyclists with different types of hydration (water or isotonic beverage). Twelve male recreational cyclists participated in four experimental trials where they consumed either a high glycaemic index (HGI) or low glycaemic index (LGI) meal, 30 min before exercise on a cycle ergometer. Exercise was performed at 70% maximal oxygen uptake for 90 min followed by a 6 km performance. During each trial, 3 mL.kg-1 body mass of either water or isotonic beverage was provided. The postprandial glycaemic response and areas under the blood glucose curve 30 min after ingestion were higher after the consumption of the HGI meals than that after the consumption of the LGI meals. The glycaemic response and carbohydrate oxidation during the trials with isotonic beverage consumption were higher than that in trials with water consumption during exercise (p<0.05). There was no significant difference on exercise performance among all trials (p=0.409). This study demonstrated that, despite significant metabolic changes, neither LGI nor HGI meals consumed for breakfast, 30 min before exercise on a cycle ergometer, affect subsequent cycling performance.
Atisthoulaya: Review from Brihattrayee Samhitas
Authors: Tewari Priyadarshini
Published: June 2021

Ayurveda is a science which deals with life, where advantageous & disadvantageous as well as happy & unhappy state of life along with good & bad for life, its measurement & description of life itself is explained. Life span (Ayu) is continuation of consciousness; it is the act of keeping alive, Ayu is combination of body, sense organs, mind & soul. The objectives are to maintain the health of healthy individual & to cure the diseases of patient.To fulfill the objectives of Ayurved, various samhitas are composed, which deals with anatomy, physiology, diagnosis of diseases and its treatment. The samhitas which have gain importance are Brihattrayee and Laghutrayee. This paper discusses about the description of â€žAtisthaulayaâ€Ÿ in Brihattrayee.
A controlled study of the effect of indrayava tail vikeshika in the management of dushta vrana.
Authors: Sonekar Rajendra , Kamkhede Sandeep V.
Published: June 2021

In Ayurveda Aacharya Sushruta â€˜father of ancient surgeryâ€™ has described the types of Vrana according to healing stages i.e.Ruhyamana Vrana ,Shuddha Vrana and Dushta Vrana on the basis of ancient pathophysiology of wound. In Dushta Vrana healing process is delayed due to infection. Aacharya Sushruta already mentioned various ways of application of drugs over Vrana i.e. in the form of â€œPichu, Kawalika, Varti and Vikeshikaâ€.Aacharya Vagbhata also mentioned the function of â€œVIKESHIKAâ€ in Vrana.
EL DESMESURADO PESO POLÍTICO DE LA PEQUEÑA BURGUESÍA
Authors: Osorio Jaime
Published: June 2021

En este artículo se busca destacar procesos políticos y económicos en el capitalismo que permiten a la pequeña burguesía asalariada alcanzar un peso político que desborda sus limitaciones en tanto clase que no cuenta con voluntad histórica ni con proyectos políticos que superen el capitalismo. Con este fin se establecen las coordenadas de la pequeña burguesía como clase, así como de las fracciones que la constituyen, para pasar al desarrollo de los procesos que potencian la significación de la pequeña burguesía asalariada, y de la impronta que otorga a la política en general.
LO INDÍGENA CAMPESINO, BEMOLES PARA LA CONSTRUCCIÓN DE UNA NACIÓN: MIRAR LA REALIDAD CON LOS DOS OJOS
Authors: Salazar Nieves Cynthia Berenice
Published: June 2021

La construcción de naciones en la historia de América Latina no ha sido tarea sencilla por la amplia diversidad de grupos culturales que buscan delimitarse a un constructo de estadonación uniforme y homogéneo. En este sentido, la diversidad étnica, presente en lo indígena campesino, se ha presentado como un desafío para la construcción de naciones en América Latina. En Bolivia, la propuesta de construcción de un Estado Plurinacional plantea las posibilidades de apropiación y resignificación del término nación.
NUESTRAPRAXIS SUPLEMENTO, AÑO 1, NÚMERO 1
Authors: CORREA DE ALMEIDA MARINA , SALAZAR NIEVES CYNTHIA BERENICE , ROMERO JAIME , RAMIREZ RÉBSAMEN FRIDA
Published: June 2021

Nuestrapraxis Entrevistas
Entrevista a Luis Tapia Mealla, por: Cynthia Salazar y Marina Correa

Nuestrapraxis En Movimiento
Relatorio violación a los derechos humanos en conflicto por territorio y despojo en la comunidad Koniri, por ANEICJ

Nuestrapraxis Literaria
Sírvase a levantar la mano, por: Jaime Romero

Nuestrapraxis Gráfica
Caricatura política, por: Frida Ramírez Rébsamen

Nuestrapraxis Publirreportaje
I Encuentro Nuestroamericano de Crítica Jurídica, por: ANEICJ
PONDERACIÓN Y JUSTO MEDIO
Authors: IBARRA ELINA
Published: June 2021

El presente escrito tiene como objetivo establecer puntos de contacto entre la teoría del Justo Medio aristotélico y la Ponderación propuesta por Robert Alexy. Entre ambas propuestas existen tanto semejanzas como diferencias, entre lo que considero dos metodologías algorítmicas en la determinación de un equilibrio, considerado como criterio para el establecimiento de “lo justo”. Tanto la teoría del Justo medio aristotélica, que permite arribar, a través de un equilibrio, resultado de la medida justa entre dos extremos igualmente viciosos, a las acciones prescriptas que permitirán llegar a ser y a ser visto por los pares, como un ciudadano virtuoso; así también la Ponderación, considerada una metodología que, en el contexto de una confrontación de principios, permite establecer cuál es la medida inmejorable en la que cada uno debe ser considerado. Si bien, las líneas argumentales son disímiles, puesto que son dos concepciones que se hayan a veinticinco siglos de distancia temporal, cultural, hay una noción de justicia que permanece, en la forma de que es posible hallar y, en un punto tal que si se modifica en mayor o en menor medida, se corre el riesgo de perder de vista el punto óptimo, que representa el punto justo.
Antioxidant Activity of Date Palm Fruit (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Extract for Oxidative Stabilisation of Butter Oil at Ambient Temperature
Authors: Rahman Fazal , Nadeem Muhammad , Khan Sabir , Ahmad Shakeel , Zahoor Yasir
Published: June 2021

In this study, long term preservation of butter oil was achieved through ethanolic extract of date palm fruit (Phoenix dactylifera L.). Butter oil was supplemented with date palm fruit extract (DPFE) at three different concentrations i.e. 250, 500 and 750 ppm (T1, T2 and T3) and compared with a control. Total phenolic content, DPPH free radical scavenging activity and inhibition of linoleic acid peroxidation of the DPFE was 5.19 GAE, 74.2 and 81%, respectively. IC50 value of date extract for the inhibition of DPPH and linoleic acid peroxidation was 2.45 and 0.82 mg/mL, respectively. The loss of oleic acid and linoleic acid in control after six months of storage was 16 and 52% as compared to T3 which was 4% and 14%. T3 yielded the lowest concentration of primary and secondary oxidation products with no effect on sensory attributes. DPFE can be used to enhance the shelf life of  butter oil at ambient temperature.
Evaluation of Physicochemical and Biodegradability Properties of Selected Nigerian Non-Edible Oilseeds as Potential Cutting Fluids
Authors: Jayeoye Titilope John , Ogundiran Mary Bosede , Fadare David Abimbola , Ogunjobi Adeniyi Adewale
Published: June 2021

This paper reports evaluation of physicochemical and biodegradability properties of selected non edible Nigerian oilseeds as a potential cutting fluid. Oil extraction process was carried on the oilseeds, with physicochemical parameters and biodegradability of the extracts were equally assessed. The established physicochemical parameters were percentage oil yield (5.58-61.8%), specific gravity (0.86-0.94), acidvalue (2.89-18.2 mgKOH/g), iodine value (15.7-104 mg iodine/g), peroxide value (1.35-10.9 mg/g oil), saponification value (173-286 mg KOH/g) and viscosity (37.9-53.1centipoises), while biodegradabilityranged between (50.0-63.8%) in comparison with the mineral oil with values less than 20%. Based on this study, the oil extracts of Caesalpinia bonduc and Calophyllum inophyllum appeared to be the most suitable as potential cutting fluids for further formulation studies and machining trials.
Simulation Training for Acute Medical Specialist Trainees: A Pilot
Authors:   University College London Hospitals, London, Lovell Ben , Etomi Oseme ,   Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, Krishnamoorthy Sanjay ,   Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, Murch Nicholas ,   Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, London, NW3 2QG
Published: June 2021

Simulation training is a method of interactive teaching and training for healthcare professionals. Medical education research demonstrates that high fidelity simulation leads to effective learning. Acute Medical Specialist Year Three-plus Trainee (ST3+) doctors are often required to manage high-pressure situations, requiring a combination of clinical and non-clinical abilities. We therefore hypothesised that simulation training could be an ideal training tool for this cohort. We designed a simulation training day for ST3+trainees which exposed them to ethically challenging scenarios. The learning objectives were mapped to the acute medical curriculum, focusing on areas trainees may traditionally describe as either difficult to achieve, or for those for which providing evidence may be challenging. Simulation scenarios and debriefing sessions enabled trainees to explore different views in a protected environment, and feedback was strongly positive. We strongly recommend simulation training as a teaching tool for Acute Medical ST3+ doctors.
Severe Sepsis, Social Media and the #Sepsis 6: ‘Tweeting’ National Innovations
Authors:   University of Leeds, McMenamin Luke , Murch Nicholas ,   Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, London, NW3 2QG, Daniels Ron ,   Good Hope Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham
Published: June 2021

The Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SSC) was launched in 2002 with guidelines created to help manage severe sepsis and septic shock. In response to poor compliance with the SSC guidelines in the UK, the ‘Sepsis 6’ model of delivery was created. We report some of the innovative methods hospitals from around the UK are using to help deliver the ‘Sepsis 6’ care bundle. The use of social media, such as Twitter, for disseminating these innovations is also explored.
Correspondence
Authors:   Plymouth Hospitals NHS Trust Derriford Hospital, Derriford Road, Plymouth. UK, Wilding Daniel , Fox Thomas ,   Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital Exeter Devon EX2 5DW
Published: June 2021

Dear Sir, We read with interest the article by Rogers et al in the recent edition of Acute Medicine, regarding the evaluation and management of adrenal failure. It was noted that the investigation and diagnosis of adrenal failure during pregnancy was not discussed; we feel this is an important omission, which was highlighted recently by a young woman who presented to our medical take, two weeks post-partum following her first pregnancy with clinical features in keeping with an Addisonian crisis.
Measuring Hospital Mortality
Authors:   Royal Blackburn Hospital, Haslingden Road, Blackburn, Crossingham Iain
Published: June 2021

The hospital standardised mortality ratio (HSMR) and the summary hospital mortality index (SHMI) are both in current use in the UK as measures of the performance of acute hospitals. Characteristics of both the acute hospital itself and of its local healthcare environment influence these indices. Whilst many hope that measures of mortality can be used as a surrogate for healthcare quality, this is an evolving area.
The vanishing lung: an important cause of hyperlucency on chest radiograph
Authors:   Department of Respiratory Medicine, Mid Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Aberford Road, Wakefiled, Faruqi Shoaib , Varma Ramesh ,   Department of Respiratory Medicine, Pinder Fields General Hospital, Wakefield
Published: June 2021

Giant bullous emphysema is an uncommon condition characterised by large asymmetric bullae with upper lobe predominance. This condition is most frequent in young male smokers. Patients usually present with progressive breathlessness which is secondary to enlargement of the bullae leading to compression of the lung parenchyma. Large asymmetrical bullae may appear as a unilateral hyperlucency on a plain chest radiograph, and may mimic the appearances of pneumothorax. A computed tomography scan is needed to delineate the lung pathology. We describe two cases with this condition that presented acutely and discuss the management of bullous emphysema.
Problem Based Review: The patient who has taken an overdose of long-acting insulin analogue
Authors:   King’s College Hospital, London, E Eldred Alice , G Mustafar Omar ,   Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, King’s College Hospital, London, F Hunt Katherine ,   Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, King’s College Hospital, London, C Whitelaw Benjamin ,   King’s College Hospital, London
Published: June 2021

Insulin overdose can cause harm due to hypoglycaemia, effects on electrolytes and acute hepatic injury. The established long-acting insulin analogue preparations (detemir and glargine) can present specific management problems because, in overdose, their effects are extremely prolonged, often lasting 48-96 hours. The primary treatment is continuous intravenous 10% or 20% glucose infusion with frequent capillary blood glucose monitoring. Surgical excision of the insulin injection site has been used successfully, even days after the overdose occurred. Once the effects of overdose have receded, diabetes treatment must be restarted with care, especially in patients with type 1 diabetes. Monitoring serum insulin concentration has been successfully used to predict when the effects of the overdose will cease.
Who Wants to be an Acute Medic? A Survey of Junior Doctors Attitudes Towards and Beliefs Surrounding a Career in Acute Medicine
Authors:   Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Misselbrook Gary , Russell Emily ,   Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
Published: June 2021

Aim: Survival of Acute Medicine (AM) depends on successful recruitment. Local juniors were unaware of training requirements and opportunities in AM. We conducted a survey to establish whether this was a nationwide issue. Methods: A survey was distributed nationally with participants responding to statements on a Likert Scale. Results: 397 responses from four deaneries were received. 50% of respondents were unaware of AM training opportunities. 20% of juniors did not know of entry requirements for training. Juniors felt that becoming a medical registrar would discourage them from careers in AM. Discussion: This study reveals poor awareness of training opportunities in AM and reluctance to pursue the medical registrar role, which is unrelated to confidence in dealing with acute medical emergencies. Promotional work will be invaluable in future workforce planning.
An Evaluation of a Formative Assessment Process used on Post Take Ward Rounds
Authors:   Worthing Hospital Western Sussex Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Worthing BN11 2DH, Caldwell Gordon
Published: June 2021

The purpose of clinical training is to develop doctors capable of delivering professional, personal, effective, high quality, safe clinical care with Intelligent Kindness. The processes supporting training must promote development towards excellence. In 2004 a formative assessment process for use on medical post take ward rounds was introduced based on a model of a Driving Instructor and Learner Driver. This process has been evaluated in comparison with the Case based Discussion (CbD) and mini-Cex by 140 of 369 trainees, using online surveys. Ten trainees were interviewed in depth. The majority of trainees reported that this process had helped them more in their development as doctors than the CbD or mini-CEX. Trainees were able to describe positive effects in areas such as diagnosis, prescribing and confidence in their work. In the NHS the assessments are meant to be “trainee driven”, however all but one of the trainees stated that they preferred the routine provision of an assessment to having to ask for an assessment. This evaluation of a truly formative assessment process shows that the trainees benefit in their progression towards clinical excellence. Effective formative feedback can be provided on an Acute Medical Unit even within the constraints of busy post take ward rounds. Within a team of Consultants one should be allowed time to develop an extended Clinical Supervisor role.
Acute abdominal pain and constipation due to lead poisoning
Authors:   Department of Diabetes & Endocrinology, Hull Royal Infirmary, Mongolu Shiva , Sharp Patrick
Published: June 2021

Although uncommon, lead poisoning should be considered as a differential diagnosis in cases of unexplained acute abdominal pain in both adults and children. We present the case of a 35-year-old Asian male who presented with abdominal pain and constipation secondary to lead poisoning. Initially, the source of lead exposure was not apparent; this was later found to be due to ingestion of an Ayurvedic herbal medicine for the treatment of infertility. Lead poisoning due to the ingestion of Ayurvedic remedies is well described. We discuss the diagnosis, pathophysiology and treatment of lead poisoning. This case illustrates one of the rarer medical causes of acute abdominal pain and emphasizes the need to take a thorough history (including specific questioning regarding the use of over-the-counter and traditional/ herbal remedies) in cases of suspected poisoning or drug toxicity.
The patient presenting with decompensated cirrhosis
Authors:   Frimley Park Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Berry Philip A , Thomson Sam J ,   Western Sussex Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
Published: June 2021

The rates of liver disease in the UK are rising and hence more patients than ever are presenting to acute medical units with potentially life threatening sequelae. Early recognition and treatment of sepsis, kidney injury, bleeding and alcoholic hepatitis can significantly improve outcomes, but requires a comprehensive approach to assessment. This patient cohort often suffers from a perceived uniform poor prognosis, especially in alcohol related disease, but evidence for this is changing and reassessment of prognosis after 48 hours of organ support may be more accurate than that made ‘at the front door’. This article summarises the most important complications of decompensated cirrhosis, their early management, and presents a targeted system of care: ‘RING Liver’ – Renal failure, Infection, Nutrition, Gastrointestinal bleeding and transit, Liver dysfunction/transplantation. Factors favouring transfer to tertiary units are also explored.
Palliative and end of life care on the Acute Medical Unit
Authors:   University of Manchester, Clemans Lorna , Cooksley Timothy ,   Acute Medicine Department of Acute Medicine, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9WL, Holland Mark ,   Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellbeing, University of Bolton, United Kingdom
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Early and appropriate recognition of patients requiring palliative care is essential to delivering high quality management and Acute Medical Units have a pivotal role to play in ensuring its implementation. Aim: To identify the prevalence of patients admitted to Acute Medical Unit (AMU) who met palliative criteria, the overall prevalence of terminal diagnoses and the frequency of appropriate referrals to the units Palliative Care in reach team. Methods: An audit was performed at a University Hospital AMU to examine these issues. The NHS Supportive and Palliative Care Tool (SPCIT) was used to identify palliative patients. 409 patients were admitted to the AMU during the study period. Results: 66 (16.1%) of patients were identified as palliative. Two-thirds of these patients had a non-malignant diagnosis. 30% of palliative patients were referred to the palliative care team of which 85.4% had a diagnosis of cancer. 88% of patients that received ongoing palliative care review had a diagnosis of cancer. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of patients with a terminal diagnosis presenting to the AMU reflecting an aging population and increasingly complex co-morbidities. Palliative patients with a non-cancer diagnosis are less likely to be referred to the palliative care team, which has the potential to disadvantage their care.
An atypical presentation of an acute neurological illness: Acute Motor Axonal Neuropathy
Authors:   Basildon & Thurrock University Hospital, Lander M , Eyres R ,   Basildon & Thurrock University Hospital, Gerofke H ,   Basildon & Thurrock University Hospital
Published: June 2021

Pain is a common symptom amongst patients presenting to the Acute Medical Unit, with an extensive differential diagnosis. We present the case of a patient with back and lower limb pain where the diagnosis of an atypical form of Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) was made. Acute physicians must be vigilant to the less common presentations of GBS and the variations from the “classical” presentation of ascending flaccid paralysis.
Journal Watch November 2013 – February 2014
Authors:   Acute Medicine, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Grimshaw Ben , Maggs Fenella ,   Acute Medicine, Royal United Hospital, Bath
Published: June 2021

Risk of first venous thromboembolism in pregnant women in hospital: population based cohort study from England.