bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical Characteristics, Management, and Treatment Outcomes of
Primary Hypophysitis: A Monocentric Cohort
Authors: Oguz Seda Hanife , Soylemezoglu Figen , Sendur Suleyman Nahit , Mut Melike , Oguz Kader Karli , Dagdelen Selcuk , Erbas Tomris
Published: April 2020

Primary hypophysitis (PH) is a rare autoimmune inflammatory disease of the
pituitary gland. The aim of the study was to evaluate clinical
characteristics, disease management, and outcomes of cases with PH. Medical
records of PH patients admitted to Hacettepe University Hospital between
1999 and 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. Paraffin-embedded pathology
blocks were obtained for both re-examination and IgG4 immunostaining. Twenty
PH patients (15 females, 5 males) were evaluated. Mean age at diagnosis was
41.5±13.4 years. Some form of hormonal disorder was present in
63.2% of cases, hypogonadism (66.6%) being the most common.
Panhypopituitarism was present in 36.8%. All patients had pituitary
gland enlargement on magnetic resonance imaging; stalk thickening and loss
of neurohypophyseal bright spot were present in 17.6 and 23.5%,
respectively. Lymphocytic hypophysitis was the most common histopathological
subtype (50%). Among pathology specimens available for IgG and IgG4
immunostaining (n=10), none fulfilled the criteria for IgG4-related
hypophysitis. Four patients were given glucocorticoid treatment in diverse
protocols; as initial therapy in 3. Sixteen cases underwent surgery, 7 of
whom due to neuro-ophthalmologic involvement. Only 1 patient was observed
without any intervention. Reduction of pituitary enlargement was seen in all
surgical and glucocorticoid treated cases. None of the surgical patients
showed hormonal improvement while one case in glucocorticoid group improved.
PH should be considered in the differential diagnosis of sellar masses
causing hormonal deficiencies. MRI findings are usually helpful, but not yet
sufficient for definitive diagnosis of PH. Treatment usually improves
symptoms and reduces sellar masses while hormonal recovery is less
common.
Individualisierte multimodale Therapie retroperitonealer Weichteilsarkome
Authors: Ghadimi Markus
Published: April 2020

Retroperitoneale Weichteilsarkome stellen eine histo- und molekularpathologisch differenzierte Gruppe mesenchymaler Malignome dar. Es treten in erster Linie Liposarkome und Leiomyosarkome auf – wesentlich seltener solitär-fibröse Tumoren, maligne periphere Nervenscheidentumoren und unklassifizierte pleomorphe Sarkome. In Abhängigkeit vom histopathologischen Subtyp ist ihr biologisches Verhalten hochvariabel, sodass ein differenziertes therapeutisches Vorgehen sinnvoll erscheint. Multimodale Therapiekonzepte verfügen bisher über nur geringe studiengeprüfte Evidenz, sollten aber in Abhängigkeit von Tumortopografie, Histopathologie und patientenspezifischen Faktoren geprüft werden. Die operative Strategie unterlag in den letzten 10 Jahren einer regen Kontroverse. Im Zentrum der Diskussion stand die Frage, ob eine radikale kompartimentelle Resektion unter Mitresektion klinisch-radiologisch nicht infiltrierter retroperitonealer Organe zu einem verbesserten onkologischen Langzeitergebnis beiträgt und somit zu empfehlen sei. Die Datenlage scheint diese Frage zu beantworten – ein differenziertes Vorgehen ist dennoch geboten. Entitäten mit niedrigem Lokalrezidivrisiko oder aggressivem, früh metastasierendem Verhalten sollten demnach eher organerhaltend, Tumoren mit hohem Lokalrezidivrisiko eher systematisch kompartimentell reseziert werden. Bei häufig und früh im Krankheitsverlauf metastasierenden Subentitäten sollte in der metastasenfreien Ersterkrankungssituation kritisch abgewogen werden, ob eine radikale kompartimentelle Resektion sinnvoll ist.
Benefits of CT Scanning for the Management of Knee Arthritis and Arthroplasty
Authors: Sodhi Nipun , Jacofsky David J. , Chee Alexander , Mont Michael A.
Published: April 2020

This review investigated the potential value of computed tomography (CT) scans for the evaluation and management of knee arthritis and arthroplasty. Specifically, we evaluated the following: (1) assessment of arthritis within knee compartments, (2) patellofemoral joint assessment, (3) implant sizing prediction, (4) component alignment, (5) soft-tissue protection, and (6) potential concerns with radiation exposure. To compare if CT or X-ray imaging is more accurate and clinically relevant, a search was performed using Boolean search operators and terms: “CT,” “radiograph,” “joint alignment,” “knee,” and “arthroplasty,” which yielded 661 results. Studies were evaluated based on (1) assessment of arthritis within knee compartments, (2) patellofemoral joint assessment, (3) implant sizing prediction, (4) component alignment, (5) soft-tissue protection, and (6) potential concerns with radiation exposure. Correlative and comparative analyses of imaging modalities to pre-, intra-, and postoperative clinical and patient-related factors were performed for the 63 included studies. CT scans were found to better detect medial and lateral arthritic changes, bony deformities, subchondral cysts, and cartilage losses. CT scans were shown to 99% accurately predict prosthetic sizes preoperatively. CT scans can also help better visualize surrounding anatomy, such as the posterior cruciate ligament, and have therefore been linked to better soft tissue protection during total knee arthroplasty. Although radiation is a potential concern, newer imaging protocols have comparable exposure to plain radiographs. Compared with plain radiographs, CT scans were found to be more accurate and provide more clinically relevant data. Therefore, the authors recommend the use of CT for the evaluation of certain patients with arthritis and for preoperative planning for knee arthroplasty.
A Python based automated tracking routine for myosin II filaments
Authors: Mosby L S , Polin M , Köster D V
Published: April 2020

The study of motor protein dynamics within cytoskeletal networks is of high interest to physicists and biologists to understand how the dynamics and properties of individual motors lead to cooperative effects and control of overall network behaviour. Here, we report a method to detect and track muscle myosin II filaments within an actin network tethered to supported lipid bilayers. Based on the characteristic shape of myosin II filaments, this automated tracking routine allowed us to follow the position and orientation of myosin II filaments over time, and to reliably classify their dynamics into segments of diffusive and processive motion based on the analysis of displacements and angular changes between time steps. This automated, high throughput method will allow scientists to efficiently analyse motor dynamics in different conditions, and will grant access to more detailed information than provided by common tracking methods, without any need for time consuming manual tracking or generation of kymographs.
On classification of 2-dimensional evolution algebras and its applications
Authors: Ahmed H , Bekbaev U , Rakhimov I
Published: April 2020

In the paper we give a complete classification of 2-dimensional evolution algebras over algebraically closed fields, we compare the list of representatives of the isomorphism classes with that of obtained earlier by the other authors. Also we describe their groups of automorphisms and derivation algebras.
Classification of two-dimensional left(right) unital algebras over algebraically closed fields and ℝ
Authors: Ahmed H , Bekbaev U , Rakhimov I
Published: April 2020

In this paper we describe all left, right unital and unital algebra structures on two-dimensional vector space over any algebraically closed field and ℝ. We tabulate the algebras and provide their unit elements.
Potts Model with Competing Binary-Ternary-Quaternary Interactions on Cayley Tree
Authors: Ganikhodjaev N , Mohd Rodzhan M H , Omar Baki N F I
Published: April 2020

We study the phase diagrams for the Potts model with competing binary, ternary and quaternary interactions on Cayley tree of order 2. At vanishing temperature T, the phase diagram is fully determined for all values of competing binary, ternary and quaternary interactions. We extend the results (for the case Jq
= 0) obtained by Ganikhodjaev et. al. [9]. The results show that the appearance of addition phases: antiferromagnetic and Period 6, in the case of nonzero quaternary interactions for several ranges. Then, we investigate the modulated phase, with the phase being indicated by many different types of commensurate and incommensurate phases by plotting the wavevectors versus temperature. Lastly, the Lyapunov exponent is used to verify the stability of the periods.
On the uniform summability of the Fourier-Laplace series on the sphere
Authors: Rasedee Ahmad Fadly Nurullah bin , Rakhimov Abdumalik , Sathar Mohamad Hasan Abdul
Published: April 2020

Convergence problems has been the focus of interest for researchers that are working in the fields of spectral theory. In the current research we investigate issues relating to the summability of the Fourier-Laplace series on the unit sphere. The necessary conditions which are required to obtain good estimation for summability of the Fourier-Laplace series investigated. This research will also provide new and sufficient conditions in the form of theorems and lemmas which will validate the uniform summability of the Fourier-Laplace series on the sphere.
Application of electron accelerator for flue gas treatment of coal power plant to support green technology
Authors: Darsono
Published: April 2020

Fossil fuels, which include coal, natural gas, petroleum, shale oil, and bitumen, are the main source of heat and electrical energy, but burning these fuels will emit pollutants to the environment. Most countries use coal burning power plant in generating electricity for living needs such as household electricity and industrial development. This power plant generates large quantities of pollutants (SOX and NOX) that create acid rain and smog leading to the water and soil degradation and they can affect living things. To meet rising worldwide energy demand, projections call for the use of coal to increase by 50 percent from 2006 - 2030, as a consequence SOX and NOX pollutions will rise. There are two conventional technologies to decrease air pollution from coal power plant, the first is FGD (flue gas desulfurization) based on SO2 absorption in lime or limestone slurry; and the second is SCR (selective catalytic reduction) based on NOx reduction over a catalyst to atmospheric nitrogen with ammonia as a reductant. But these technologies cannot treat different pollutants in one step process. To support green technology program, this paper describes a modern technology called EBFGT (electron beam flue gas treatment) which can treat SOx and NOx in one step process using electron accelerator. The technology and economy comparison between FGD, SCR, EBFGT as well as the existing EBFGT in the world are compiled.
Synthesis and characterization of silica gel from Lapindo mud Sidoarjo
Authors: Rahmayanti A , A’yuni Q , Hartati H , Purkan P , Romanza I G
Published: April 2020

Silica gel was synthesized from Lapindo mud by the sol-gel process. XRF analysis confirmed that Lapindo mud contained silica (50%) which was major components, therefore Lapindo mud has great potential as a raw material for silica gel synthesis. Metal silicates commonly used as a precursor to prepare silica gel. A Lapindo mud was mixed with an alkaline solution, stirred and heated to prepare metal silicates. Hydrochloric acid was then slowly added to the metal silicates solution to obtain silica gel. The pH 4 selected as the optimum pH in the synthesis of silica gel. The purity of synthesized silica was determined by XRF and shown that silica purity by 100 mL sodium hydroxide 6 M (4 h, 80 °C) treatment was 63.25% with optimum yielded 32.3%. Whereas 12 M potassium hydroxide 200 mL (5 h, 90 °C) treatment could be produced better purity up to 77.71% with a yield of 39.72%.
Modification of corn stalk using citric acid as biosorbent for methylene blue and malachite green
Authors: Yulianti E , Mahmudah R , Khalifah S N , Prasetyo A , Irviyanti A S , Romadhoni A F , Yudisputra G P
Published: April 2020

corn stalks are effective adsorbent for methylene blue (MB) and malachite green (MG). In this research, we modified corn stalks used citric acid .The adsorption process of MB and MG by corn stalks illustrates the suitability of pseudo second-order. The Langmuir isotherm is also describe in the data on adsorption of MG. MB and MG adsorption on corn stalks was confirmed by infra-red (IR) spectroscopy and showed that the intensity peak 1734 cm−1 decreases. It indicated that the interaction between adsorbent and adsorbate involved the ester functional group.
Synthesis of schiff base compound from vanillin and aniline volume variations of acid catalyst from Belimbing Wuluh using grindstone method
Authors: Abdurrafi F F H , Hanapi A , Ningsih R
Published: April 2020

Schiff base compound was a product between carbonyl and primary amine compounds in acidic conditions. Based on several studies, the compound had activity as a corrosion inhibitor. Schiff base compounds were synthesized from vanillin and aniline using natural acid catalysts from Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa Blimbi L.) with volume variations 0; 0.25; 0.5; and 1 mL and grinded for 10 minutes. The synthesized compound was characterized by its physical properties. Further characterization included a UV-Vis spectrophotometer, FTIR and GC-MS. The corrosion inhibition efficiency on metals was carried out in HCl 1M. Synthesized compounds were yellowish-white solids, slightly soluble in water, and had a melting point at 149-151°C. The yield with volume variations 0; 0.25; 0.5; and 1 mL in a row were 96.84; 93.81; 92.45 and 89.69%. The synthesized compound had wavelengths 283-284 and 325-330 nm. This compound had an imine bond (-C=N-) with wavenumber 1584.909 – 1585.974 cm−1. The product with a 0 mL catalyst was characterized by GC-MS and showed a peak with retention time 24.173 minutes and m/z 227. It had a similarity with the molecular weight of the 2-methoxy-4- ((phenylamino)methyl)phenol compound. The inhibition efficiency of these compounds was 39.38 to 77.40%.
Selected purple-fleshed sweet potato genotypes with high anthocyanin contents
Authors: Ginting E , Yulifianti R , Indriani F C
Published: April 2020

Purple-fleshed sweet potato with high anthocyanins is beneficial to health due to its antioxidant activity. Therefore, 13 promising genotypes of purple-fleshed sweet potato and two improved varieties as checks (Antin 2 and Antin 3) were studied their physical, chemical and sensorial characteristics. The results showed that the flesh colors ranged from red-purple, deep purple to white purplish and their lightness values (L*) negatively correlated with anthocyanin contents (R
2 = 0.65). Six promising genotypes contained anthocyanins >100 mg/100 fw with the highest value observed in RIS 10051-01 (155.47 mg/100 g fw) that was similar to Antin 2. Antin 3 showed the highest content of anthocyanins among all genotypes (177.48 g/100 g fw). MSU 10002-05 and MSU 10010-43 genotypes had higher dry matter contents (33.43% and 37.85%) than Antin 2 and Antin 3, suggesting their promising use for flour processing. High anthocyanins is normally associated with a bitter taste, however the steamed tubers of two deep purple genotypes, namely MSU 10010-43 and Antin 3 and one white purplish genotype (MSU 1000115) were fairly liked for their color, texture and taste attributes, hence they are tailored for steamed food purposes. This information supports the breeder to release a new variety of purple- fleshed sweet potatoes.
Simulation of climate change impact on maize growth and yield using DSSAT modeling
Authors: Fanshuri B A
Published: April 2020

Solar radiation, temperature, and CO2 are important climate variables on crop production. Climate change is a very serious threat to the agricultural sector and potentially bring new problems for the sustainability of agricultural production systems. This paper aims to know the impact of climate change on maize growth and production by simulating changes in climate variables. The case study was at Pak Chong District, Nakhon Ratchasima province, Thailand. There are eight treatments simulation and one treatment as a control; (1) no change (control), (2) solar radiation (SR) + 30%, (3) SR – 30%, (4) CO2 + 25 ppm, (5) CO2 – 25 ppm, (6) maximum temperature + 3 °C, (7) maximum temperature – 3 °C, (8) minimum temperature + 3 °C, (9) minimum temperature – 3°C. Simulation use Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) software. SR adds 30% obtained the highest yield due to the highest on grain number and pod weight. In contrast, SR - 30% reached the lowest.
Turbidity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: a proposed cell quantification method
Authors: Syauqi A , Santoso H , Hasana S N
Published: April 2020

The relation between cell and turbidity (cloudiness) in suspended form is studied intensively to facilitate the estimation of the cell number. A standard curve in turbidimetry has utility to compare the turbidity reading value for the determination of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell number and using a model. A standard curve is a prospect in this issue for the cell that has an inherent inaccuracy in the method as well as spectrophotometry. This research is conducted to obtain a model for the standard curve using analysis and diagnosis of the linear regression which was measured the relative standard error (SE) value of the dependent variable by simulation of turbidity value and verification of the applied model. We obtained the smallest relative SE from one of the five datasets that resulted in less than 10% of the relative SE on the estimated cell number. Plotting all of the bivariate data resulted in a larger error on the scattered light intensity at the higher cell number value, and this characteristic was named heteroscedasticity. Application of turbidity method for cell enumeration per mL in the media was significant equal and lower coefficient variation than the result of verification by a viable method.
Biological control of Bemisia tabaci gennadius by using entomopathogenic fungi Aschersonia aleyrodis
Authors: Prayogo Y , Bayu M S Y I
Published: April 2020

Bemisia tabaciis the main pest of many food crops, plantations, and horticulture. This pest plays an important role as a vector of various types of viruses. This research was aim to study the efficacy of biological control ofB. tabacion soybean by using entomopathogenic fungiAschersonia aleyrodis.The experiment was conducted in the screen house and laboratory of biopesticide, Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute in 2018. The experiment consists of; the evaluation of LD50and LT50ofA. aleyrodisfungi on nymph and adult stage, pathogenicity ofA. aleyrodison various stages ofB. tabaci,the impact ofA. aleyrodisfungi infection toB. tabacilife cycle, and persistence ofA. aleyrodison soybean. The result showed that LD50ofA. aleyrodisfor controllingB. tabaciwas used conidia density 106/mL−1with LT50three days after inoculation.A. aleyrodisstrain Aa-J18 obtained fromB. tabaciwas very pathogenic because it can kill nymph and adult ofB. tabaciwith the mortality up to 99%. Application ofA. aleyrodiscausing a decrease in fecundity ofB. tabaciup to 83,84%, thwart egg hatching up to 96,78%, delayed egg hatching period up to three days, and shorten the period of a female adult up to 82,92%. Conidia suspension ofA. aleyrodisthat applied on the soybean surface in the afternoon was able to survive until the fifth week. Therefore,A. aleyrodisstrain Aa-J18 has the opportunity to be used as a biological agent for controllingB. tabacion soybean and potentially be used as an alternative to replacing chemical insecticide.
Reproductive activity patterns of four species of Cinnamomum in Purwodadi Botanic Garden
Authors: Yulistyarini T
Published: April 2020

The aims of this study were to know flowering and fruiting pattern of the four Cinnamomum and their response in relation to seasonal change in rainfall, temperature and air humidity in Purwodadi Botanic Garden. The vegetative and reproductive activities were observed once per week based on the abundance of leaves, flowers and fruits using a scoring method from 0-4, for 6-8 years of observations. The rainfall per month, temperature, and humidity were simultaneously recorded. Data were analysed by Principal Component Analyses to determine the microclimate variables that have correlation to the reproductive activity patterns of all four species. Most species started flower budding during Juni – August, except C. burmanii which produced flowers 2-3 times per year in small quantity. Flowering of C. burmanii showed positively correlations with rainfall intensity, while flowering the other three species did not relate to microclimate in PBG. Six dry months preceding a long dry season in 2015 caused C. burmanii did not produce flowers and fruits.
Simulation of mechanical stimulation effect on bone density changes due to age-based finite element method (FEM)
Authors: Yakin K , Rusmana N I , Setyaningsih I , Tirono M
Published: April 2020

The getting older of people age, the density of bone will be further reduced. The process speed of bone formation decreases progressively after reaching peak bone mass in the age range 25-30 years. The reduction in bone density is known as osteoporosis. This phenomenon occurs due to an interruption on remodelling bone due to some conditions. Therefore, this study is going to simulate the effect of mechanical stimuli on femur bone density using walking and standing mechanical stimuli. In this study, there are four stages passed. First, build the femur bone construction which consists of two layers (cortical and trabecular). Then input the properties of bone based on age (Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio). Then calculate the stress, strain and strain rate and calculate the bone density using thermodynamic equation of V. Klika and F. Marsik with Runge-Kutta method of 4th orde. The bone density given standing mechanical stimuli (1290 N) for age 25 is 0.7963 g/cm2 and walking mechanical stimuli (1741.5 N) is 1.0698 g/cm2. Then the bone density given standing mechanical stimuli (1200 N) for age 51 is 0.7703 g/cm2 and walking mechanical stimuli (1620 N) is 0.9885 g/cm2.
Designing the blind stick using the SRF-04 distance sensor based on GPS tracker and navigation
Authors: Hulukati S A , Salihi I A
Published: April 2020

The wider the area of the blind, the more difficult it will be for them to carry out the activities carried out. This study aims to develop a tool that can be used to detect obstacles for blind people. This tool was developed with Arduino nano because of its small size, so it does not interfere with their activities and power consumption against the speed of low command execution. This tool is also developed using a proximity sensor (SRF-04), and GPS Tracking is a remote monitoring system that uses GPS Satellites as a determinant of the location of vehicles/assets to move accurately and accurately in the form of coordinates. The tool will be designed according to the needs of the blind so that they use feel safe and comfortable so that it is designed with feeling and the position of the sensor with the layout needed, based on the results of testing the blind visual aid to function correctly if objects are detected by proximity sensor and tool does not work if this tool is to identify holes because the sensor used is a distance sensor with a distance of 0 - 60 CM and GPS tracking can read the position of the user well with the position on latitude: 0.555698 and longitude: 123.056655.
Environmental literacy discourse represented in local portal “Nggalek.co”
Authors: Rahayu M
Published: April 2020

Nowadays, environmental problems are important issues that require people to respond in the right ways to prevent worse disasters. For that reason, environmental literacy discourse is an important issue to be built informal and non-formal education and in the public sphere. Environmentally literate individuals have the knowledge and skills required to analyze the environmental problems so that they can behave pro-environmentally. This paper has a purpose to know how the local young people in Trenggalek (a rural district in the southern coastal area of East Java) develop environmental literacy through a local portal of “Nggalek.co.” The Trenggalek-based portal “Nggalek.co” is intended as the means for communicating their localities to their community and the world. This paper will explore the environmental literacy discourse presented in the portal by using Critical Discourse Analysis by Fairclough. This analysis applied three levels of analysis, micro, meso, and macro. The study shows that environmental literacy is a somehow essential issue in this portal, especially when it is related to governmental policy in environmental problems. The awareness of the environmental problems shows a high level, especially because it is directly related to people’s daily life, that is when there is “natural” disaster people got direct impact.
Space debris as environmental threat and the requirement of Indonesia’s prevention regulation
Authors: Hutagalung J M , Tobing C I , Debastri J , Amanda R T
Published: April 2020

Non-operational satellites and other space junk, including jettisoned spent rocket stages, old satellites and other space objects, are creating a huge stock of garbage in outer space. Space debris environment poses a damage risk to spacecraft in Earth orbit and also poses the risk of damage on the ground if debris survives Earth’s atmospheric re-entry. From the early 1960s, Indonesia has promptly begun to perform space activities. From rocket research and development in 1970, programs related to space science and technology in 1980, and currently Indonesia operates its own 6 satellites (5 in GSO and 1 in LEO). Indonesia has ratified Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, 1967 (Outer Space Treaty) with the Law Number 16/2002 and also enacted Law Number 21/2013 on Space Activities. However, the lack of regulation regarding on environmental protection aspect on outer space should highlight Indonesian law system as the development of space technology threaten the territory also. This writing aims to study the space debris and environmental protection on the national level and utilized that as a means on space environmental sustainability in Indonesia.
Perception of field agricultural extension on the implementation of the law on protection and empowerment of farmers (republic of Indonesia law number 19 of 2013) in grobogan regency
Authors: Nurfaidah B Y D , Rusdiyana E
Published: April 2020

This study aims to analyze the perception of instructors in the implementation of the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 19 of 2013, analyze the relationship between the factors forming perceptions with the perception of instructors in the implementation of Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 19 of 2013, and to determine differences in perception of Field Agricultural Instructors (PNS) and the Agriculture Day Off Field Worker (THL) on the implementation of the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 19 of 2013. The method in this study uses quantitative descriptive methods with survey techniques. The research location in Grobogan Regency took 19 Agricultural Extension Offices and a sample of 60 respondents. Analysis of the data used is the Spearman Rank and U-Mann Whitney with the SPSS 17.0 application program. The instructor’s perception of the implementation of planning, implementation of funding and funding as well as supervision contained in RI Law No. 19 of 2013 is good. There is a significant relationship between access to information and local government policies. While the age factor, formal education factor and experience factor are not significantly related to the perception of the field agriculture instructor (PPL) regarding the Implementation of RI Law No. 19 of 2013 due to age, formal education factors and various factors. There is no significant difference between PPL PNS and PPL THL perceptions.
Environmental Jurisprudence Approach in Maslahat-Based Development
Authors: Maimunah  , Norwili  , Junaidi  , Thabrani
Published: April 2020

The progress of a country is marked by the rapid development. The impact will require a lot of land to support development. Lately there has been a widespread process of releasing forest land for the benefit of the company as one of the sectors supporting economic development. Making this need to be further investigated in terms of the benefit of nature and humanity for the survival of human life in the future. Environmental fiqh as an idea which regulates how humans are able to synergize with nature appropriately in accordance with Islamic laws and certainly will not neglect the interests of the State. So that by using this approach development will not be hampered, but also can be realized. This study uses the method of literature by analyzing using the fiqh and usul ulh fiqh principles which strengthen the argument about the importance of the environmental Jurisprudence approach to achieving maslahat-based development.
Designing Solution for Organic Waste Management System with Design Thinking Approach (Case Study in Depok)
Authors: Rois M , Mubarak A , Suzianti A
Published: April 2020

Depok is part of the agglomeration area of Jabodetakbek (Jakarta Bogor Depok Tangerang Bekasi) which is classified as a metropolitan city. One of the problems that metropolitan cities faced including Depok is large volumes of organic waste that require special handling. Based on these problems, a special approach is needed to overcome the processing of organic waste in the city of Depok. The approach taken is expected to be able to see various perspectives from the parties involved in processing organic waste so that the alternative solutions can be created. This research uses design thinking, which consists of stages of empathise, define, ideate, prototype, and test. By using this approach, the impact on organic waste management can be more powerful.
PVA assisted ZnO based mesoporous ternary metal oxides nanomaterials: synthesis, optimization, and evaluation of antibacterial activity
Authors: Abebe Buzuayehu , Murthy H C Ananda , Zerefa Enyew , Adimasu Yeshaneh
Published: April 2020

The poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) assisted highly mesoporous Zn-Fe-Mn oxides nanomaterials were synthesized using the sol-gel followed by the self-propagation techniques. The UV–vis spectroscopic technique was used to study the optical properties of the materials. The presence of metal-oxygen bond and deposited OH−/H2O species were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopic technique. The porous morphology and elemental analysis were confirmed by the SEM/EDX and further morphological and crystal structure studies were conducted using TEM/HRTEM techniques. The semi-crystallinity and composition analyses were verified from XRD patterns. Using the BET N2 adsorption-desorption analytical techniques; the porosity, specific surface area, and pore diameter enhancements were confirmed. The optima of PVA and precursors percentage were selected with the help of XRD, UV–Vis, and SEM techniques. The potential of the materials towards antibacterial activities was evaluated against both Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The 50(0.7) PVA assisted ternary metal oxide nanocomposite (PVA-TMONC) with 125 μg ml−1 concentration showed better inhibition zone for both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, with a value of 28 and 29 mm in diameter, respectively.
Dielectric and piezoelectric augmentation in self-poled magnetic Fe3O4/poly(vinylidene fluoride) composite nanogenerators
Authors: Bhattacharjee Souvik , Mondal Suvankar , Banerjee Anibrata , Chattopadhyay Kalyan Kumar
Published: April 2020

One major discipline of contemporary research in energy harvesting and conversion aims in developing lead-free, biocompatible, easily scalable, flexible and high power-denisty nanogenerators via utilizing poly(vinylidene fluoride) as an electroactive host-network due to its large breakdown strength, interesting polytype electrical order and thermoplastic nature. In this work, surface-functionalized magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) of two different size having exotic electret and size-dependent magnetic properties are mixed with PVDF gel to fabricate self-poled composite piezoelectric films, which can obstruct electromagnetic interference also for smart device applications. A four-fold enhancement of its polar β-phase is verified from XRD and Raman spectra against incorporation of Fe3O4. Dielectric analysis suggests higher dielectric constant and lower dissipation for the films with tiny MNPs embedded in PVDF. The observations are duly validated from first principles studies. The physisorption process is recognized via geometrical optimization of Fe3O4/PVDF composite structure and significant amount of charge-transfer is demonstrated by the Mulliken charge-analysis. Open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current attain enhancement upto an order due to adequate ion-dipole and dipole-dipole interactions between the polar nanoscopic surface of Fe3O4 and PVDF. Finally, the nanogenerators are employed to light up commercial LEDs.
Complex field measurement in a single pixel hybrid correlation holography
Authors: Chen Ziyang , Singh Darshika , Singh Rakesh Kumar , Pu Jixiong
Published: April 2020

We propose a new scheme for the recovery of complex-valued objects in a single-pixel hybrid correlation holography. The idea is to generate an intensity correlation hologram from the correlation of intensity fluctuations obtained over two channels, namely an optical channel equipped with a single pixel detector and a digital channel. The scheme has a theoretical basis which is described to reconstruct the objects from a single pixel detector. An experimental arrangement is proposed and as a first step towards realizing/implementing the technique, simulation of the experimental model was carried to image three complex objects.
Highly non-linear ionization of atoms induced by intense high-harmonic pulses
Authors: Senfftleben B , Kretschmar M , Hoffmann A , Sauppe M , Tümmler J , Will I , Nagy T , Vrakking M J J , Rupp D , Schütte B
Published: April 2020

Intense extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) pulses enable the investigation of XUV-induced non-linear processes and are a prerequisite for the development of attosecond pump - attosecond probe experiments. While highly non-linear processes in the XUV range have been studied at free-electron lasers (FELs), high-harmonic generation (HHG) has allowed the investigation of low-order non-linear processes. Here we suggest a concept to optimize the HHG intensity, which surprisingly requires a scaling of the experimental parameters that differs substantially from optimizing the HHG pulse energy. As a result, we are able to study highly non-linear processes in the XUV range using a driving laser with a modest (≈ 10 mJ) pulse energy. We demonstrate our approach by ionizing Ar atoms up to Ar5 + , requiring the absorption of at least 10 XUV photons.
COVID-19 Autopsies, Oklahoma, USA
Authors: Barton Lisa M , Duval Eric J , Stroberg Edana , Ghosh Subha , Mukhopadhyay Sanjay
Published: April 2020

Objectives

To report the methods and findings of two complete autopsies of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) positive individuals who died in Oklahoma (United States) in March 2020.

Methods

Complete postmortem examinations were performed according to standard procedures in a negative-pressure autopsy suite/isolation room using personal protective equipment, including N95 masks, eye protection, and gowns. The diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was confirmed by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction testing on postmortem swabs.

Results

A 77-year-old obese man with a history of hypertension, splenectomy, and 6 days of fever and chills died while being transported for medical care. He tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 on postmortem nasopharyngeal and lung parenchymal swabs. Autopsy revealed diffuse alveolar damage and chronic inflammation and edema in the bronchial mucosa. A 42-year-old obese man with a history of myotonic dystrophy developed abdominal pain followed by fever, shortness of breath, and cough. Postmortem nasopharyngeal swab was positive for SARS-CoV-2; lung parenchymal swabs were negative. Autopsy showed acute bronchopneumonia with evidence of aspiration. Neither autopsy revealed viral inclusions, mucus plugging in airways, eosinophils, or myocarditis.

Conclusions

SARS-CoV-2 testing can be performed at autopsy. Autopsy findings such as diffuse alveolar damage and airway inflammation reflect true virus-related pathology; other findings represent superimposed or unrelated processes.
Putaminal diffusion tensor imaging measures predict disease severity across human prion diseases
Authors: Hyare Harpreet , De Vita Enrico , Porter Marie-Claire , Simpson Ivor , Ridgway Gerard , Lowe Jessica , Thompson Andrew , Carswell Chris , Ourselin Sebastien , Modat Marc , Dos Santos Canas Liane , Caine Diana , Fox Zoe , Rudge Peter , Collinge John , Mead Simon , Thornton John S
Published: April 2020

Therapeutic trials of disease-modifying agents in neurodegenerative disease typically require several hundred participants and long durations for clinical endpoints. Trials of this size are not feasible for prion diseases, rare dementia disorders associated with misfolding of prion protein. In this situation, biomarkers are particularly helpful. On diagnostic imaging, prion diseases demonstrate characteristic brain signal abnormalities on diffusion-weighted MRI. The aim of this study was to determine whether cerebral water diffusivity could be a quantitative imaging biomarker of disease severity. We hypothesized that the basal ganglia were most likely to demonstrate functionally relevant changes in diffusivity. Seventy-one subjects (37 patients and 34 controls) of whom 47 underwent serial scanning (23 patients and 24 controls) were recruited as part of the UK National Prion Monitoring Cohort. All patients underwent neurological assessment with the Medical Research Council Scale, a functionally orientated measure of prion disease severity, and diffusion tensor imaging. Voxel-based morphometry, voxel-based analysis of diffusion tensor imaging and regions of interest analyses were performed. A significant voxel-wise correlation of decreased Medical Research Council Scale score and decreased mean, radial and axial diffusivities in the putamen bilaterally was observed (P < 0.01). Significant decrease in putamen mean, radial and axial diffusivities over time was observed for patients compared with controls (P = 0.01), and there was a significant correlation between monthly decrease in putamen mean, radial and axial diffusivities and monthly decrease in Medical Research Council Scale (P < 0.001). Step-wise linear regression analysis, with dependent variable decline in Medical Research Council Scale, and covariates age and disease duration, showed the rate of decrease in putamen radial diffusivity to be the strongest predictor of rate of decrease in Medical Research Council Scale (P < 0.001). Sample size calculations estimated that, for an intervention study, 83 randomized patients would be required to provide 80% power to detect a 75% amelioration of decline in putamen radial diffusivity. Putamen radial diffusivity has potential as a secondary outcome measure biomarker in future therapeutic trials in human prion diseases.
A Chinese Approach to International Commercial Dispute Resolution: The China International Commercial Court
Authors: Sun Xiangzhuang
Published: April 2020

This article critically reviews the establishment and operation of the China International Commercial Court (CICC) from an insider’s perspective. It offers a detailed introduction to a few of the innovative measures of the CICC, including the International Commercial Expert Committee, the ‘one-stop’ forum for a dispute settlement mechanism integrating litigation, mediation, and arbitration, more convenient litigation procedures, and the use of advanced technology in dispute resolution. More importantly, it candidly discusses the challenges facing the CICC and makes several recommendations for its improvement towards more professionalism and internationalization.
The genetic map of diabetic nephropathy: evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis of genetic association studies
Authors: Tziastoudi Maria , Stefanidis Ioannis , Zintzaras Elias
Published: April 2020

Despite the extensive efforts of scientists, the genetic background of diabetic nephropathy (DN) has not yet been clarified. To elucidate the genetic variants that predispose to the development of DN, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of all available genetic association studies (GAS) of DN. We searched in the Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator (HuGE Navigator) and PubMed for available GAS of DN. The threshold for meta-analysis was three studies per genetic variant. The association between genotype distribution and DN was examined using the generalized linear odds ratio (ORG). For variants with available allele frequencies, the examined model was the allele contrast. The pooled OR was estimated using the DerSimonian and Laird random effects model. The publication bias was assessed with Egger’s test. We performed pathway analysis of significant genes with DAVID 6.7. Genetic data of 606 variants located in 228 genes were retrieved from 360 GASs and were synthesized with meta-analytic methods. ACACB, angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE), ADIPOQ, AGT, AGTR1, AKR1B1, APOC1, APOE, ATP1B2, ATP2A3, CARS, CCR5, CGNL1, Carnosine dipeptidase 1 (CNDP1), CYGB-PRCD, EDN1, Engulfment and cell motility 1 (ELMO1), ENPP1, EPO, FLT4, FTO, GLO1, HMGA2, IGF2/INS/TH cluster, interleukin 1B (IL1B), IL8, IL10, KCNQ1, KNG, LOC101927627, Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3), SET domain containing seven, histone lysine methyltransferase (SETD7), Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), SLC2A1, SLC2A2, SLC12A3, SLC19A3, TCF7L2, TGFB1, TIMP1, TTC39C, UNC13B, VEGFA, WTAPP1, WWC1 as well as XYLT1 and three intergenic polymorphisms showed significant association with DN. Pathway analysis revealed the overrepresentation of six signalling pathways. The significant findings provide further evidence for genetic factors implication in DN offering new perspectives in discovery of new therapies.
Percutaneous or surgical revascularization is associated with survival benefit in stable coronary artery disease
Authors: Miller Robert J H , Bonow Robert O , Gransar Heidi , Park Rebekah , Slomka Piotr J , Friedman John D , Hayes Sean , Thomson Louise , Tamarappoo Balaji , Rozanski Alan , Doenst Torsten , Berman Daniel S
Published: April 2020

Aims 

We assessed the association between early invasive therapy, burden of ischaemia, and survival benefit separately for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Ischaemia involving more than 10% of the left ventricular myocardium may identify patients who benefit from revascularization. However, it is not clear whether this association exists with both PCI and CABG.

Materials and results

Patients who underwent single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) between 1992 and 2012 were identified. Early revascularization was defined as PCI or CABG performed within 90 days of SPECT MPI. The association between early PCI or CABG and all-cause mortality was assessed using a doubly robust, propensity score matching analysis. In total, 54 522 patients were identified, with median follow-up 8.0 years. Early PCI was performed in 2688 patients and early CABG in 1228. In the matched cohorts, early revascularization was associated with improved survival compared to medical therapy in patients with more than 15% ischaemia for both PCI [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 0.70, P = 0.002] and CABG (adjusted HR 0.73, P = 0.008).

Conclusion 

In this observational analysis, both PCI and CABG were associated with reduced all-cause mortality in the presence of moderate to severe ischaemia after adjusting for factors leading to revascularization. As the threshold for improved outcomes with revascularization was similar for PCI and CABG, our results suggest that decisions for PCI vs. CABG for early revascularization should be determined by coronary anatomy, patient characteristics, and shared decision making, but not by the burden of ischaemia.
Maternal education and offspring birth weight for gestational age: the mediating effect of smoking during pregnancy
Authors: Nakamura Aurélie , Pryor Laura , Ballon Morgane , Lioret Sandrine , Heude Barbara , Charles Marie-Aline , Melchior Maria , El-Khoury Lesueur Fabienne
Published: April 2020

Background

Small for gestational age (SGA) birth weight, a risk factor for infant mortality and delayed child development, is associated with maternal educational attainment. Maternal tobacco smoking during pregnancy could contribute to this association. We aimed to quantify the contribution of maternal smoking during pregnancy to social inequalities in child birth weight for gestational age (GA).

Methods

Data come from the French nation-wide ELFE cohort study, which included 17 155 singletons. Birth weights for GA were calculated using z-scores. Associations between maternal educational attainment, tobacco smoking during pregnancy and child birth weight for GA were ascertained using mediation analysis. Mediation analyses were also stratified by maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index.

Results

Low maternal educational attainment was associated with an increased odd of tobacco smoking during pregnancy [adjusted OR (ORa) = 2.58 (95% CI 2.34–2.84)] as well as a decrease in child birth weight for GA [RRa = 0.94 (95% CI 0.91–0.98)]. Tobacco smoking during pregnancy was associated with a decrease in offspring birth weight for GA [RRa = 0.73 (95% CI 0.70–0.76)]. Mediation analysis suggests that 39% of the effect of low maternal educational attainment on offspring birth weight for GA was mediated by smoking during pregnancy. A more important direct effect of maternal educational attainment on child birth weight for GA was observed among underweight women [RRa = 0.82 (95% CI 0.72–0.93)].

Conclusions

The relationship between maternal educational attainment and child birth weight for GA is strongly mediated by smoking during pregnancy. Reducing maternal smoking could lessen the occurrence of infant SGA and decrease socioeconomic inequalities in birth weight for GA.
Computation of Quantum Cohomology From Fukaya Categories
Authors: Sanda Fumihiko
Published: April 2020

Assume the existence of a Fukaya category $\textrm{Fuk}(X)$ of a compact symplectic manifold $X$ with some expected properties. In this paper, we show $\mathscr{A} \subset \textrm{Fuk}(X)$ split generates a summand $\textrm{Fuk}(X)_e \subset \textrm{Fuk}(X)$ corresponding to an idempotent $e \in QH^{\bullet }(X)$ if the Mukai pairing of $\mathscr{A}$ is perfect. Moreover, we show $HH^{\bullet }(\mathscr{A}) \cong QH^{\bullet }(X) e$. As an application, we compute the quantum cohomology and the Fukaya category of a blow-up of $\mathbb{C} P^2$ at four points with a monotone symplectic structure.