bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding the molecular mechanism of pathogenic variants of BIR2 domain in XIAP-deficient inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Lee Juhwan , Sim Kyoung Mi , Kang Mooseok , Oh Hyun Ju , Choi Ho Jung , Kim Yeong Eun , Pack Chan-Gi , Kim Kyunggon , Kim Kyung Mo , Oh Seak Hee , Kim Inki , Chang Iksoo
Published: January 2024

X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) deficiency causes refractory inflammatory bowel disease. The XIAP protein plays a pivotal role in the pro-inflammatory response through the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing signaling pathway that is important in mucosal homeostasis. We analyzed the molecular mechanism of non-synonymous pathogenic variants (PVs) of XIAP BIR2 domain. We generated N-terminally green fluorescent protein-tagged XIAP constructs of representative non-synonymous PVs. Co-immunoprecipitation and fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy showed that wild-type XIAP and RIP2 preferentially interacted in live cells, whereas all non-synonymous PV XIAPs failed to interact properly with RIP2. Structural analysis showed that various structural changes by mutations, such as hydrophobic core collapse, Zn-finger loss, and spatial rearrangement, destabilized the two loop structures (174–182 and 205–215) that critically interact with RIP2. Subsequently, it caused a failure of RIP2 ubiquitination and loss of protein deficiency by the auto-ubiquitination of all XIAP mutants. These findings could enhance our understanding of the role of XIAP mutations in XIAP-deficient inflammatory bowel disease and may benefit future therapeutic strategies.
Tumor-specific migration routes of xenotransplanted human glioblastoma cells in mouse brain
Authors: Gupta Rajesh Kumar , Niklasson Mia , Bergström Tobias , Segerman Anna , Betsholtz Christer , Westermark Bengt
Published: January 2024

The migration of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) to their final destination during development follows well-defined pathways, such as along blood vessels. Cells originating from the highly malignant tumor glioblastoma (GBM) seem to exploit similar routes for infiltrating the brain parenchyma. In this report, we have examined the migration of GBM cells using three-dimensional high-resolution confocal microscopy in brain tumors derived from eight different human GBM cell lines xenografted into immunodeficient mice. The primary invasion routes identified were long-distance migration along white matter tracts and local migration along blood vessels. We found that GBM cells in the majority of tumors (6 out of 8) did not exhibit association with blood vessels. These tumors, derived from low lamin A/C expressing GBM cells, were comparatively highly diffusive and invasive. Conversely, in 2 out of 8 tumors, we noted perivascular invasion and displacement of astrocyte end-feet. These tumors exhibited less diffusive migration, grew as solid tumors, and were distinguished by elevated expression of lamin A/C. We conclude that the migration pattern of glioblastoma is distinctly tumor cell-specific. Furthermore, the ability to invade the confined spaces within white matter tracts may necessitate low expression of lamin A/C, contributing to increased nuclear plasticity. This study highlights the role of GBM heterogeneity in driving the aggressive growth of glioblastoma.
Wing geometric morphometrics and COI barcoding of Culex pipiens subgroup in the Republic of Korea
Authors: Jeon Jiseung , Lee Dong Yeol , Jo Yewon , Ryu Jihun , Kim Eunjeong , Choi Kwang Shik
Published: January 2024

Two members of theCulex pipienssubgroup,Culex pallensandCulex pipiensf.molestus, are known to occur in the Republic of Korea (ROK). These species exhibit morphologically similar features and are challenging to distinguish below the species level. Therefore, this study utilized wing geometric morphometrics (GM) on the right wing of theCulex pipienssubgroup, alongside sequencing of the cytochromecoxidase subunit I (COI) region. Mosquitoes were collected from 11 locations between June and October (2020–2022) to minimize regional and seasonal variations. Additionally,Culex pipiensf.pipiens, which is not native to the ROK, was included in the analysis.Culex tritaeniorhynchus,Aedes albopictus, andAnopheles sinensis, the primary vectors in the ROK, were used as outgroups for comparison. All three taxa in theCulex pipienssubgroup could be identified with an 82.4%–97.0% accuracy using GM. However, a comparison of theCOIregions of theCulex pipienssubgroup revealed no clear differences between the taxa. These data can be used for accurate identification, contributing to effective mosquito control, in addition to providing a foundation for evolutionary and ecological studies on wing shape differences.
Detection ranges of forest bird vocalisations: guidelines for passive acoustic monitoring
Authors: Winiarska Dominika , Szymański Paweł , Osiejuk Tomasz S.
Published: January 2024

Passive acoustic monitoring has proven to have many advantages for monitoring efforts and research activities. However, there are considerations to be taken into account regarding the placement of autonomous sound recorders. Detection ranges differ among species and in response to variable conditions such as weather or the location of vocalising animals. It is thus important to the success of a research project to understand, with a certain degree of confidence, the distances at which birds might be detected. In two types of forests in Poland, we played back the vocalisations of 31 species of European forest birds exemplifying different singing characteristics. Based on recordings obtained along a 500-m transect, we estimated the probability of detection and maximum detection distance of each vocalisation. We broadcasted the recording at three heights of singing and repeated playbacks three times during the breeding season to evaluate the effect of vegetation growth. Our results revealed that environmental and meteorological factors had a significant influence on both detection probability and maximum detection distances. This work provides comprehensive measurements of detection distance for 31 bird species and can be used to plan passive acoustic monitoring research in Europe, taking into account species traits and individual characteristics of the study area.
Uncovering hidden cancer self-dependencies through analysis of shRNA-level dependency scores
Authors: Toghrayee Zohreh , Montazeri Hesam
Published: January 2024

Large-scale short hairpin RNA (shRNA) screens on well-characterized human cancer cell lines have been widely used to identify novel cancer dependencies. However, the off-target effects of shRNA reagents pose a significant challenge in the analysis of these screens. To mitigate these off-target effects, various approaches have been proposed that aggregate different shRNA viability scores targeting a gene into a single gene-level viability score. Most computational methods for discovering cancer dependencies rely on these gene-level scores. In this paper, we propose a computational method, named NBDep, to find cancer self-dependencies by directly analyzing shRNA-level dependency scores instead of gene-level scores. The NBDep algorithm begins by removing known batch effects of the shRNAs and selecting a subset of concordant shRNAs for each gene. It then uses negative binomial random effects models to statistically assess the dependency between genetic alterations and the viabilities of cell lines by incorporating all shRNA dependency scores of each gene into the model. We applied NBDep to the shRNA dependency scores available at Project DRIVE, which covers 26 different types of cancer. The proposed method identified more well-known and putative cancer genes compared to alternative gene-level approaches in pan-cancer and cancer-specific analyses. Additionally, we demonstrated that NBDep controls type-I error and outperforms statistical tests based on gene-level scores in simulation studies.
Establishment of a forward primers-superposed amplification analysis for accurate aspirin pharmacogenomic measurement
Authors: Li Chun-Yan , Yang Ping , Zheng Jie , Zhang Jing , Liu Yi-Qing , Liu Xiao-Quan , Hu Yue , Lan Wen-Jun
Published: January 2024

Genotyping of gDNA rs12041331 (PEAR1), rs6065 (GP1BA), and rs730012 (LTC4S) can provide systematic guidance on the use of aspirin. However, an accurate, reliable and economical approach to simultaneous detection of the above single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) is not reported. Herein, we designed and substantiated an allele-specific (AS) forward primer-superposed amplification analysis for measurement of the SNPs in PEAR1, GP1BA and LTC4S genes, in which the values of ∆Cq (differences in threshold cycles between the wild-type forward primer-based assay and the mutated-type forward primer-based assay) were employed to decide genotype. Mismatch AS forward primers were screened with the singleplex amplification analysis. Moreover, Cq extension optimized by AS forward primer superposition was observed in the selected forward primer-based triplex analysis. Further, robustness assessment of the triplex analysis showed the amplification efficiency ranging from 0.9 to 1.1. Precision test demonstrated the coefficient of variation of less than 2%. And the detective results of 189 DNA samples was completely concordant with that of commercial Sanger sequencing. In summary, we developed a simple, accurate and economical approach to genotyping of rs12041331 (PEAR1), rs6065 (GP1BA) and rs730012 (LTC4S) to provide a valuable pharmacogenomics tool for guidance of aspirin delivery.
Role of Madden–Julian Oscillation in predicting the 2020 East Asian summer precipitation in subseasonal-to-seasonal models
Authors: Wie Jieun , Kang Jinhee , Moon Byung-Kwon
Published: January 2024

The 2020 summer monsoon season in East Asia was unusually long and intense, and the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) has been proposed as an underlying reason. This study analyzes the role of the MJO in the 2020 East Asian precipitation forecasts of the subseasonal-to-seasonal (S2S) model. The S2S models underestimated the cumulative precipitation over East Asia, and the models with good forecast performance yielded a distinct precipitation band over East Asia and a western pacific subtropical high (WPSH) during the analysis period. East Asian precipitation forecast performance was more closely related to the location of the center than the strength of the WPSH, with precipitation increasing with a decrease in the latitude at the center. MJO Phases 1–3 activation intensified the WPSH and shifted the center of WPSH to lower latitudes. Our results confirm that the strong East Asian precipitation in summer 2020 was partly due to changes in the characteristics of the MJO and indicate the importance of accurately estimating the MJO-WPSH coupling for reliable East Asian precipitation forecasts.
Spatial proteomics reveals phenotypic and functional differences in T cell and macrophage subsets during villitis of unknown etiology
Authors: Lothert Petra K. , Fedyshyn Bohdana , Girard Sylvie , Chakraborty Rana , Norgan Andrew P. , Enninga Elizabeth Ann L.
Published: January 2024

Villitis of unknown etiology (VUE) is a prevalent inflammatory pathology of the placenta characterized by infiltration of maternal T cells and accumulation of fetal macrophages into chorionic villi. VUE is associated with a variety of adverse clinical outcomes, including fetal growth restriction and fetal demise. Evaluation of the phenotypic and functional differences between two immune cell types associated with this pathology, namely T cells and macrophages, was completed to gain a deeper understanding of the immuno-pathogenesis of VUE. GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiling was performed on placental tissue from 4 high grade VUE cases and 4 controls with no underlying pathology. Placental tissues were fluorescently labeled with CD3 and CD68 antibodies and oligo-conjugated antibodies against 48 protein targets. Overall, T cells in VUE exhibited upregulated markers of activation, memory, and antigen experience compared to controls and were altered based on placental location (villi vs. decidua). Additionally, villous macrophages in VUE upregulated costimulatory and major histocompatibility complex class I and II molecules compared to controls and macrophage subtypes in the decidua. Data herein provides new mechanistic insights into T cell and macrophage biology in VUE which contribute to this abnormal immune response to pregnancy.
Simulated microgravity facilitates stomatal ingression by Salmonella in lettuce and suppresses a biocontrol agent
Authors: Totsline Noah , Kniel Kalmia E. , Sabagyanam Chandran , Bais Harsh P.
Published: January 2024

As human spaceflight increases in duration, cultivation of crops in spaceflight is crucial to protecting human health under microgravity and elevated oxidative stress. Foodborne pathogens (e.g., Salmonella enterica) carried by leafy green vegetables are a significant cause of human disease. Our previous work showed that Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium suppresses defensive closure of foliar stomata in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) to ingress interior tissues of leaves. While there are no reported occurrences of foodborne disease in spaceflight to date, known foodborne pathogens persist aboard the International Space Station and space-grown lettuce has been colonized by a diverse microbiome including bacterial genera known to contain human pathogens. Interactions between leafy green vegetables and human bacterial pathogens under microgravity conditions present in spaceflight are unknown. Additionally, stomatal dynamics under microgravity conditions need further elucidation. Here, we employ a slow-rotating 2-D clinostat to simulate microgravity upon in-vitro lettuce plants following a foliar inoculation with S. enterica Typhimurium and use confocal microscopy to measure stomatal width in fixed leaf tissue. Our results reveal significant differences in average stomatal aperture width between an unrotated vertical control, plants rotated at 2 revolutions per minute (2 RPM), and 4 RPM, with and without the presence of S. typhimurium. Interestingly, we found stomatal aperture width in the presence of S. typhimurium to be increased under rotation as compared to unrotated inoculated plants. Using confocal Z-stacking, we observed greater average depth of stomatal ingression by S. typhimurium in lettuce under rotation at 4 RPM compared to unrotated and inoculated plants, along with greater in planta populations of S. typhimurium in lettuce rotated at 4 RPM using serial dilution plating of homogenized surface sterilized leaves. Given these findings, we tested the ability of the plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) Bacillus subtilis strain UD1022 to transiently restrict stomatal apertures of lettuce both alone and co-inoculated with S. typhimurium under rotated and unrotated conditions as a means of potentially reducing stomatal ingression by S. typhimurium under simulated microgravity. Surprisingly, rotation at 4 RPM strongly inhibited the ability of UD1022 alone to restrict stomatal apertures and attenuated its efficacy as a biocontrol following co-inoculation with S. typhimurium. Our results highlight potential spaceflight food safety issues unique to production of crops in microgravity conditions and suggest microgravity may dramatically reduce the ability of PGPRs to restrict stomatal apertures.
Deep learning–radiomics integrated noninvasive detection of epidermal growth factor receptor mutations in non-small cell lung cancer patients
Authors: Kim Seonhwa , Lim June Hyuck , Kim Chul-Ho , Roh Jin , You Seulgi , Choi Jeong-Seok , Lim Jun Hyeok , Kim Lucia , Chang Jae Won , Park Dongil , Lee Myung-won , Kim Sup , Heo Jaesung
Published: January 2024

This study focused on a novel strategy that combines deep learning and radiomics to predict epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using computed tomography (CT). A total of 1280 patients with NSCLC who underwent contrast-enhanced CT scans and EGFR mutation testing before treatment were selected for the final study. Regions of interest were segmented from the CT images to extract radiomics features and obtain tumor images. These tumor images were input into a convolutional neural network model to extract 512 image features, which were combined with radiographic features and clinical data to predict the EGFR mutation. The generalization performance of the model was evaluated using external institutional data. The internal and external datasets contained 324 and 130 EGFR mutants, respectively. Sex, height, weight, smoking history, and clinical stage were significantly different between the EGFR-mutant patient groups. The EGFR mutations were predicted by combining the radiomics and clinical features, and an external validation dataset yielded an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.7038. The model utilized 1280 tumor images, radiomics features, and clinical characteristics as input data and exhibited an AUC of approximately 0.81 and 0.78 during the primary cohort and external validation, respectively. These results indicate the feasibility of integrating radiomics analysis with deep learning for predicting EGFR mutations. CT-image-based genetic testing is a simple EGFR mutation prediction method, which can improve the prognosis of NSCLC patients and help establish personalized treatment strategies.
Shikonin alleviates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity via Mst1/Nrf2 pathway in mice
Authors: Tuo Hu , Li Wenjing , Zhao Wei , Zhao Juan , Li Danni , Jin Lin
Published: January 2024

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a popular and potent anticancer drug, but its cardiotoxicity limits its clinical application. Shikonin has a wide range of biological functions, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of shikonin on DOX-induced cardiac injury and to identify the underlying mechanisms. Mice receiving shikonin showed reduced cardiac injury response and enhanced cardiac function after DOX administration. Shikonin significantly attenuated DOX-induced oxidative damage, inflammation accumulation and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Shikonin protects against DOX-induced cardiac injury by inhibiting Mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 1 (Mst1) and oxidative stress and activating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway. In conclusion, shikonin alleviates DOX-induced cardiotoxicity by inhibiting Mst1 and activating Nrf2. Shikonin may be used to treat DOX-induced cardiac injury.
Metallo-supramolecular branched polymer protects particles from air-water interface in single-particle cryo-electron microscopy
Authors: Xu Yixin , Qin Yuqi , Wang Lang , Zhang Yingyi , Wang Yufeng , Dang Shangyu
Published: January 2024

Recent technological breakthroughs in single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) enable rapid atomic structure determination of biological macromolecules. A major bottleneck in the current single particle cryo-EM pipeline is the preparation of good quality frozen cryo-EM grids, which is mostly a trial-and-error process. Among many issues, preferred particle orientation and sample damage by air–water interface (AWI) are common practical problems. Here we report a method of applying metallo-supramolecular branched polymer (MSBP) in the cryo-sample preparation for high-resolution single-particle cryo-EM. Our data shows that MSBP keeps a majority of particles away from air–water interface and mitigates preferred orientation as verified by the analyses of apoferritin, hemagglutinin) trimer and various sample proteins. The use of MSBP is a simple method to improve particle distribution for high-resolution structure determination in single-particle cryo-EM.
Generating fine-grained surrogate temporal networks
Authors: Longa A. , Cencetti G. , Lehmann S. , Passerini A. , Lepri B.
Published: January 2024

Temporal networks are essential for modeling and understanding time-dependent systems, from social interactions to biological systems. However, real-world data to construct meaningful temporal networks are expensive to collect or unshareable due to privacy concerns. Generating arbitrarily large and anonymized synthetic graphs with the properties of real-world networks, namely surrogate networks, is a potential way to bypass the problem. However, it is not easy to build surrogate temporal networks which do not lack information on the temporal and/or topological properties of the input network and their correlations. Here, we propose a simple and efficient method that decomposes the input network into star-like structures evolving in time, used in turn to generate a surrogate temporal network. The model is compared with state-of-the-art models in terms of similarity of the generated networks with the original ones, showing its effectiveness and its efficiency in terms of execution time. The simplicity of the algorithm makes it interpretable, extendable and scalable.
Gel-like mechanisms of durability and deformability in wet granular systems
Authors: Fujio Honoka , Yokota Hikari , Tani Marie , Kurita Rei
Published: January 2024

It is known empirically that dry granular materials tend to crumble and that wetting them greatly increases their strength. Although the mechanism of the macroscopic material strength is known in homogeneously wetted granular system, the material strength in heterogeneously wetted granular system is not known due to the lack of experimental studies. Here, we focus on sand grains coated with silicone oil, whose wettability is stable with respect to time, and constructed a model system that can control the heterogeneity of interaction by mixing coated sand grains. The results show that the rapid increase in Young’s modulus is due to a rigidity percolation transition, and that the recombination of the network makes the material more resistant to deformation. This system leads to understanding the properties of jamming systems such as glasses, emulsions, and foams, where the effects of attractive interactions and rigidity percolation have been still unclear.
Topological phase transitions of generalized Brillouin zone
Authors: Verma Sonu , Park Moon Jip
Published: January 2024

It has been known that the bulk-boundary correspondence (BBC) of the non-Hermitian skin effect is characterized by the topology of the complex eigenvalue spectra, while the topology of the wave function gives rise to Hermitian BBC with conventional boundary modes. In this work, we go beyond the known description of the non-Hermitian topological phase and find a different type of BBC that appears in generalized boundary conditions. The generalized Brillouin zone (GBZ) possesses non-trivial topological structures in the intermediate boundary condition between open and periodic boundary conditions. Unlike the conventional BBC, the topological phase transition is characterized by the generalized momentum touching of GBZ, which manifests as exceptional points. As a realization of our proposal, we suggest the non-reciprocal Kuramoto oscillator lattice, where phase slips accompany exceptional points as a signature of such topological phase transition. Our work establishes an understanding of non-Hermitian topological matter by complementing the non-Hermitian BBC as a general foundation of the non-Hermitian topological systems.
Indigenous Peoples and local communities report ongoing and widespread climate change impacts on local social-ecological systems
Authors: Reyes-García Victoria , García-del-Amo David , Álvarez-Fernández Santiago , Benyei Petra , Calvet-Mir Laura , Junqueira André B. , Labeyrie Vanesse , LI Xiaoyue , Miñarro Sara , Porcher Vincent , Porcuna-Ferrer Anna , Schlingmann Anna , Schunko Christoph , Soleymani Ramin , Tofighi-Niaki Adrien , Abazeri Mariam , Attoh Emmanuel M. N. A. N. , Ayanlade Ayansina , Ávila Julia Vieira Da Cunha , Babai Daniel , Bulamah Rodrigo C. , Campos-Silva Joao , Carmona Rosario , Caviedes Julián , Chakauya Rumbidzayi , Chambon Mouna , Chen Zhuo , Chengula Fasco , Conde Esther , Cuní-Sanchez Aida , Demichelis Christophe , Dudina Evgeniya , Fernández-Llamazares Álvaro , Galappaththi Eranga K. , Geffner-Fuenmayor Claudia , Gerkey Drew , Glauser Marcos , Hirsch Eric , Huanca Tomás , Ibarra José Tomás , Izquierdo Andrea E. , Junsberg Leneisja , Lanker Marisa , López-Maldonado Yolanda , Mariel Juliette , Mattalia Giulia , Miara Mohamed D. , Torrents-Ticó Miquel , Salimi Maedeh , Samakov Aibek , Seidler Reinmar , Sharakhmatova Victoria , Shrestha Uttam Babu , Sharma Alpy , Singh Priyatma , Ulambayar Tungalag , Wu Rihan , Zakari Ibrahim S.
Published: January 2024

The effects of climate change depend on specific local circumstances, posing a challenge for worldwide research to comprehensively encompass the diverse impacts on various local social-ecological systems. Here we use a place-specific but cross-culturally comparable protocol to document climate change indicators and impacts as locally experienced and analyze their distribution. We collected first-hand data in 48 sites inhabited by Indigenous Peoples and local communities and covering all climate zones and nature-dependent livelihoods. We documented 1,661 site-agreed reports of change corresponding to 369 indicators. Reports of change vary according to climate zone and livelihood activity. We provide compelling evidence that climate change impacts on Indigenous Peoples and local communities are ongoing, tangible, widespread, and affect multiple elements of their social-ecological systems. Beyond potentially informing contextualized adaptation plans, our results show that local reports could help identify economic and non-economic loss and damage related to climate change impacts suffered by Indigenous Peoples and local communities.
Assessment of methane emissions from oil, gas and coal sectors across inventories and atmospheric inversions
Authors: Tibrewal Kushal , Ciais Philippe , Saunois Marielle , Martinez Adrien , Lin Xin , Thanwerdas Joel , Deng Zhu , Chevallier Frederic , Giron Clément , Albergel Clément , Tanaka Katsumasa , Patra Prabir , Tsuruta Aki , Zheng Bo , Belikov Dmitry , Niwa Yosuke , Janardanan Rajesh , Maksyutov Shamil , Segers Arjo , Tzompa-Sosa Zitely A. , Bousquet Philppe , Sciare Jean
Published: January 2024

Emissions from fossil fuel exploitation are a leading contributor to global anthropogenic methane emissions, but are highly uncertain. The lack of reliable estimates hinders monitoring of the progress on pledges towards methane reductions. Here we analyze methane emissions from exploitation of coal, oil and gas for major producing nations across a suite of bottom-up inventories and global inversions. Larger disagreement in emissions exists for the oil/gas sector across the inventories compared to coal, arising mostly from disparate data sources for emission factors. Moreover, emissions reported to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change are lower than other bottom-up and inversion estimates, with many countries lacking reporting in the past decades. Finally, comparison with previous global inversions, revealed a strong influence of the prior inventory on the inferred sub-sectoral emissions magnitude. This study highlights the need to improve consensus on the methodological inputs among the bottom-up inventories in order to obtain more consistent inverse modelling results at the sub-sectoral level.
Biogeochemical explanations for the world’s most phosphate-rich lake, an origin-of-life analog
Authors: Haas Sebastian , Sinclair Kimberly Poppy , Catling David C.
Published: January 2024

Environmental phosphate concentrations are typically much lower (~10−6 M) than needed for prebiotic phosphorylation of nucleosides, critical for the origin of life. Here, we tested hypotheses explaining highly concentrated dissolved phosphate in carbonate-rich “soda” lakes by examining phosphorus and nitrogen cycling in Last Chance Lake and Goodenough Lake, Canada. We find a lack of geochemical phosphorus precipitation, that sedimentary calcium is in dolomite rather than apatite, and that N2-fixation rates, probably suppressed by high salinity, are too low to create significant biological phosphate demand. Thus, nitrogen-limitation of biological production and precipitation of calcium-rich carbonate instead of apatite combine to allow unimpeded evaporative phosphate buildup in Last Chance Lake to the highest known natural levels (37 mM) due to small biological and geochemical phosphorus sinks. Forming on basaltic rock, which was likely common on early Earth, evaporative soda lakes were consequently plausible origin-of-life settings with sufficient phosphate for prebiotic synthesis.
Time-series forecasting through recurrent topology
Authors: Chomiak Taylor , Hu Bin
Published: January 2024

Time-series forecasting is a practical goal in many areas of science and engineering. Common approaches for forecasting future events often rely on highly parameterized or black-box models. However, these are associated with a variety of drawbacks including critical model assumptions, uncertainties in their estimated input hyperparameters, and computational cost. All of these can limit model selection and performance. Here, we introduce a learning algorithm that avoids these drawbacks. A variety of data types including chaotic systems, macroeconomic data, wearable sensor recordings, and population dynamics are used to show thatForecasting throughRecurrentTopology (FReT) can generate multi-step-ahead forecasts of unseen data. With no free parameters or even a need for computationally costly hyperparameter optimization procedures in high-dimensional parameter space, the simplicity of FReT offers an attractive alternative to complex models where increased model complexity may limit interpretability/explainability and impose unnecessary system-level computational load and power consumption constraints.
Stimuli-fluorochromic smart organic materials
Authors: Huang Yinjuan , Ning Lijian , Zhang Xiaomin , Zhou Qian , Gong Qiuyu , Zhang Qichun
Published: January 2024

This review highlights the developments in stimuli-fluorochromic π-conjugated solids beyond organometallic and organic light-responsive compounds, addressing the design strategies, mechanisms, limitations, challenges, and opportunities.
SpecLipIDA: a pseudotargeted lipidomics approach for polyunsaturated fatty acids in milk
Authors: Lei Jingnan , He Yuan , Zhu Shuang , Shi Jiachen , Tan Chin-Ping , Liu Yuanfa , Xu Yong-Jiang
Published: January 2024

SpecLipIDA employed information-dependent acquisition mode and the target matching algorithm exhibited enhanced identification of PUFA lipids.
A metal–organic framework-integrated composite for piezocatalysis-assisted tumour therapy: design, related mechanisms, and recent advances
Authors: Wang Shuteng , Liu Yifan , Quan Chunhua , Luan Shifang , Shi Hengchong , Wang Lei
Published: January 2024

This review elaborates on piezocatalytic MOF systems for tumour therapy. It mainly discusses the fundamental principles, construction strategies, recent advances, and the challenges and prospects of MOF-based piezocatalytic therapy.
Hierarchically porous aggregates of Co–N–C nanoparticles for oxygen electrocatalysis
Authors: Liang Zuozhong , Zhang Jieling , Zheng Haoquan , Cao Rui
Published: January 2024

Herein, a novel assembled Co–N–C (A–Co–N–C) material was reported for the first time by pyrolyzing zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-67) nanoparticle aggregates caused by the introduction of surfactant polystyrene sulfonic acid (PSS).
Acceptor-only oligomers with high coplanarity enable efficient and stable organic solar cells
Authors: Zhou Chunxiang , Cheng Yujun , Xie Jiaping , Liu Jiabin , Huang Bin , Jeong Seonghun , Yang Changduk , Chen Lie , Wu Feiyan
Published: January 2024

Active layers assisted by highly planar acceptor-only oligomers enable the production of efficient and stable organic solar cells, due to the enhanced light absorption, deeper HOMO level, and especially the formed alloy phase and optimized phase morphology.
Crystal chemistry and predicted ionic conductivity of hydrothermally synthesized Na9Zn2(PO4)4Cl
Authors: Yakubovich Olga , Kiriukhina Galina , Volkov Anatoly , Simonov Sergey , Yapaskurt Vasiliy , Dimitrova Olga
Published: January 2024

Single crystals of sodium zincophosphate chloride were obtained under medium-temperature hydrothermal conditions and its crystal structure was determined using low temperature X-ray diffraction.
Light-enhanced oxygen degradation of MAPbBr3 single crystal
Authors: Wang Ke , Ecker Benjamin R. , Ghosh Maitrayee , Li Mingze , Karasiev Valentin V. , Hu S. X. , Huang Jinsong , Gao Yongli
Published: January 2024

Organometal halide perovskites are promising materials for optoelectronic applications, whose commercial realization depends critically on their stability under multiple environmental factors.
Modulation of Aβ 16–22 aggregation by glucose
Authors: Jain Meenal , Sahoo Abhilash , Matysiak Silvina
Published: January 2024

Preferential orientation of glucose molecules decreases the rotational entropy aiding faster aggregation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide fragments.
Small luminescent silver clusters stabilized in porous crystalline solids
Authors: Haraguchi Naoya , Kurosaki Taisei , Uchida Sayaka
Published: January 2024

We provide a comprehensive overview of the synthesis, structures, and luminescent properties of Ag clusters in porous crystalline solids.
Insight into the fracture energy dissipation mechanism in elastomer composites via sacrificial bonds and fillers
Authors: He Dongyi , Cheng Xiaxia , Wong Chunyu , Zeng Xiangliang , Li Linling , Teng Chao , Du Guoping , Zhang Chenxu , Ren Linlin , Zeng Xiaoliang , Sun Rong
Published: January 2024

Fillers and sacrifical bonds mutually enhance both the intrinsic fracture energy and the bulk energy dissipation.
Decomposition of methanol-d4 on Rh nanoclusters supported by thin-film Al2O3/NiAl(100) under near-ambient-pressure conditions
Authors: Liao Guan-Jr , Hsueh Wen-Hao , Yen Yu-Hsiang , Shih Yi-Chan , Wang Chia-Hsin , Wang Jeng-Han , Luo Meng-Fan
Published: January 2024

A NAP size effect on methanol-d4 decomposition on supported Rh nanoclusters was investigated and found to involve co-adsorbed water (H2O*) and its dissociation (into OH*) dependent on the cluster size.
Aggregation, structure and water permeability of membrane-embedded helical Aβ oligomers
Authors: Wang Ke , Cai Wensheng
Published: January 2024

Helical Aβ peptides aggregate into helix-rich oligomers inside membranes, all of which show the capability to assist transmembrane water transport.
First principles study of strain effects on prospective 2D photocatalysts Sn2Se2X4 (X = P, As) with ultra-high charge carrier mobility
Authors: Trung Pham D. , Tong Hien D.
Published: January 2024

Photocatalysts Sn2Se2X4 (X = P, As) with a high light absorption rate and suitable electronic structures for water splitting.
Narrowband TADF emitters with high utilization of triplet excitons: theoretical insights and molecular design
Authors: Zhang Qing , Liu Tao , Shi Zhouyang , Zheng Zhong , Lv Chunyan , Wang Xin , Zhang Yujian
Published: January 2024

Narrowband TADF emitters with high utilization of triplet excitons based on the incorporation of sp3-inserted units and heavy chalcogens.
Doping strategies for inorganic lead-free halide perovskite solar cells: progress and challenges
Authors: Jiang Siyu , Liu Manying , Zhao Dandan , Guo Yanru , Fu Junjie , Lei Yan , Zhang Yange , Zheng Zhi
Published: January 2024

This paper reviews recent research on doping strategies for eco-friendly inorganic lead-free halide perovskite solar cells, which have potential for photovoltaic applications but encounter issues of low efficiency, poor film quality, and stability.
Recent advances in two-dimensional polymers: synthesis, assembly and energy-related applications
Authors: Ren Yumei , Xu Yuxi
Published: January 2024

This review summarizes the advancements of 2D polymers and highlights their unique advantages, focusing on their recent research progress in the design, synthesis, assembly and processing, as well as their energy-related applications.
Expanding the library of sumanene molecular receptors for caesium-selective potentiometric sensors
Authors: Ażgin Joachim , Wesoły Małgorzata , Durka Krzysztof , Sakurai Hidehiro , Wróblewski Wojciech , Kasprzak Artur
Published: January 2024

Supramolecular interactions between eight sumanene derivatives and caesium cations (Cs+), as well as the application of title compounds in Cs+-selective potentiometric sensors, are described.
Predicting the phytotoxic mechanism of action of LiCoO2 nanomaterials using a novel multiplexed algal cytological imaging (MACI) assay and machine learning
Authors: Ostovich Eric , Henke Austin , Green Curtis , Hamers Robert , Klaper Rebecca
Published: January 2024

This work uses novel high-throughput phenotypic profiling techniques to elucidate the most probable phytotoxic mechanism of action of LiCoO2 nanosheets.
Amine functionalized surface frustrated Lewis pairs boost CO2 photocatalysis
Authors: Guan Qinhui , Ni Chengzhe , Yan Tingjiang , Li Na , Wang Lu , Lu Zhe , Ran Weiguang , Zhang Yipin , Li Wenjuan , Zhang Lulu , Zhang Dapeng , Huang Baibiao , Ozin Geoffrey A.
Published: January 2024

Replacement of the Lewis base hydroxide InOH by the stronger amine InNH2 enables the formation of robust InNH2⋯In SFLP with excellent CO2 photocatalytic performance.
Realizing the reusability of leachate for the hydrometallurgical recycling of spent lithium cobalt oxide by dynamically regulating the solubility product
Authors: Hu Tao , Li Taibai , Liu Xuncheng , Wang Zhongjie , Lou Liang , Jing Siqi , Yan Xiaohui , Xiong Yige , Xiong Junkai , Ge Xiang
Published: January 2024

The reusability of leachate is realized during the hydrometallurgical recycling of spent LIBs based on the dynamic regulation of Ksp.
Metal-free upcycling of plastic waste: photo-induced oxidative degradation of polystyrene in air
Authors: Xu Shuoyu , Liu Shuxin , Song Wangze , Zheng Nan
Published: January 2024

A photooxidation method was reported to facilitate the efficient degradation of polystyrene (PS) in air using porphyrin-based porous organic polymers (PPOPs). The method is mild and effective in promoting the degradation of different PS derivatives.
Fe-based “electron pump” involving NiCo-LDH enables robust and highly-selective electrocatalytic methanol oxidation to formic acid
Authors: Shi Jiawei , He Huawei , Zhou Shunfa , Li Jing , Cai Weiwei
Published: January 2024

Nucleophile oxidation reactions, represented by the incomplete methanol oxidation reaction (i-MOR) to formic acid, can effectively lower the potential of electrolytic hydrogen production while generating high-value products.
Label-free cell classification in holographic flow cytometry through an unbiased learning strategy
Authors: Ciaparrone Gioele , Pirone Daniele , Fiore Pierpaolo , Xin Lu , Xiao Wen , Li Xiaoping , Bardozzo Francesco , Bianco Vittorio , Miccio Lisa , Pan Feng , Memmolo Pasquale , Tagliaferri Roberto , Ferraro Pietro
Published: January 2024

Unbiased learning pipeline for label-free single-cell classification.
Angio-Net: deep learning-based label-free detection and morphometric analysis of in vitro angiogenesis
Authors: Kim Suryong , Lee Jungseub , Ko Jihoon , Park Seonghyuk , Lee Seung-Ryeol , Kim Youngtaek , Lee Taeseung , Choi Sunbeen , Kim Jiho , Kim Wonbae , Chung Yoojin , Kwon Oh-Heum , Jeon Noo Li
Published: January 2024

This study introduces Angio-Net, which integrates a high-throughput 3D cell culture device, large-scale image data generation, and deep learning-based virtual staining. The system demonstrated fast and accurate quantitative analysis of complex angiogenesis.
Fabrication and preliminary testing of patterned silver cathodes for proton conducting IT-SOFCs
Authors: Sozal Md Shariful Islam , Li Wenhao , Das Suprabha , Jafarizadeh Borzooye , Chowdhury Azmal Huda , Wang Chunlei , Cheng Zhe
Published: January 2024

Patterned Ag cathodes are fabricated over a proton conducting electrolyte, and the preliminary electrochemical results suggest that the oxygen reduction process over Ag is likely controlled by both oxygen dissociation and charge transfer.
Minimising the payload solvent exposed hydrophobic surface area optimises the antibody-drug conjugate properties
Authors: Hobson Adrian D. , Zhu Haizhong , Qiu Wei , Judge Russell A. , Longenecker Kenton
Published: January 2024

Minimising solvent exposed hydrophobic surface area of payload is identified as a critical design parameter for optimising ADC drug-like properties.
Recent progress in self-healable energy harvesting and storage devices – a future direction for reliable and safe electronics
Authors: Chandrasekar Jayashree , Venkatesan Manikandan , Sun Ting-Wang , Hsu Yung-Chi , Huang Yu-Hang , Chen Wei-Wen , Chen Mei-Hsin , Tsai Meng-Lin , Chen Jung-Yao , Lin Ja-Hon , Zhou Ye , Kuo Chi-Ching
Published: January 2024

This review summarizes the advances in self-healing materials developed for electrodes and electrolytes of energy harvesting and storage devices (TENG, supercapacitors and batteries) with enhanced durability and functionality.
Theoretical prediction of electronic properties and contact barriers in a metal/semiconductor NbS2/Janus MoSSe van der Waals heterostructure
Authors: Nha P. H. , Nguyen Chuong V. , Hieu Nguyen N. , Phuc Huynh V. , Nguyen Cuong Q.
Published: January 2024

The emergence of van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures, which consist of vertically stacked two-dimensional (2D) materials held together by weak vdW interactions, has introduced an innovative avenue for tailoring nanoelectronic devices.
Synthesis, crystal structure and magnetic properties of octanuclear Ni4Ln4 complexes constructed using a Schiff base ligand and di-2-pyridyl ketone
Authors: Zhu Yu-Jie , Wang Hui-Sheng , Chen Yuxiang , Zhou Pengfei , Wu Yanfang , Zhang Yi-Quan
Published: January 2024

A novel Ni4Dy4 complex constructed using two kinds of organic ligands has been obtained. The complex and its diluted compound both exhibit single molecule magnet behavior under a zero dc field.
Cellulose nanocrystals extracted from rice husk using the formic/peroxyformic acid process: isolation and structural characterization
Authors: Vu An Nang , Nguyen Long Hoang , Tran Ha-Chi V. , Yoshimura Kimio , Tran Tap Duy , Van Le Hieu , Nguyen Ngoc-Uyen T.
Published: January 2024

Cellulose was extracted from rice husk using the formic/peroxyformic acid process at an atmospheric pressure.
High-sensitivity hybrid MoSe2/AgInGaS quantum dot heterojunction photodetector
Authors: Zhao Xunjia , Wang Xusheng , Jia Runmeng , Lin Yuhai , Guo TingTing , Wu Linxiang , Hu Xudong , Zhao Tong , Yan Danni , zhu Lin , Chen Zhanyang , Xu Xinsen , Chen Xiang , Song Xiufeng
Published: January 2024

A high-performance hybrid photodetector was fabricated from AgInGaS quantum dots and MoSe2, which facilitates cooperative light absorption and charge transfer to enhance the responsivity and detectivity.
Multilayer immobilizing of denitrifying Bacillus sp. and TiO2–AgNPs on floating expanded clay carrier for co-treatment of nitrite and pathogens in aquaculture
Authors: Hoang Phuong Ha , Nguyen Minh Thi , Phan Ke Son , Bui Huong Giang , Le Thi Thu Huong , Chu Nhat Huy , Ho Ngoc Anh , Pham Quang Huy , Tran Xuan Khoi , Ha Phuong Thu
Published: January 2024

Advanced bioremediation agent in treating aquaculture water: Multilayer immobilizing denitrifying bacteria and TiO2–AgNPs onto expanded clay.
Injectable, thermo-sensitive and self-adhesive supramolecular hydrogels built from binary herbal small molecules towards reusable antibacterial coatings
Authors: Dong Zhibin , Ma Fengjun , Wei Xiaocen , Zhang Linlin , Ding Yongling , Shi Lei , Chen Chen , Ma Yuxia , Ma Yuning
Published: January 2024

Multifunctional binary herbal hydrogels enabled by multiple hydrogen bonding interactions are developed and used as reusable antibacterial coatings.
Bifunctional Pt–Ir nanoparticle catalysts for oxygen reduction and evolution reactions: investigating the influence of surface composition on the catalytic properties
Authors: Blanco-Redondo Lucinda , Lobko Yevheniia , Veltruská Kateřina , Nováková Jaroslava , Mazur Michal , Darabut Alina Madalina , Hrbek Tomáš , Dopita Milan , Hraníček Jakub , Yakovlev Yurii , Matolínová Iva , Matolín Vladimír
Published: January 2024

Unitized regenerative fuel cells demand efficient bifunctional catalysts for oxygen reduction and evolution reactions. Here, we study iridium-decorated platinum nanoparticles. Ir40/Pt60 displayed the highest OER mass activity, surpassing Ir black, whereas Ir20/Pt80 showed the highest efficiency.
Directional drying of a colloidal dispersion: quantitative description with water potential measurements using water clusters in a poly(dimethylsiloxane) microfluidic chip
Authors: Pingulkar Hrishikesh , Maréchal Sonia , Salmon Jean-Baptiste
Published: January 2024

Confined directional drying of a dispersion of silica nanoparticles in a PDMS chip. Water clusters in PDMS enable local measurements of water potential and a quantitative description of the process.
Mechanochemical Cu(ii) complexes and propargylamine synthetic adventures
Authors: Al Jomeh Ghadah Abdullah S. , McGown Andrew , Richards Emma , Tizzard Graham J. , Coles Simon J. , González-Méndez Ramón , Dadswell Chris , Spencer John , Kostakis George E.
Published: January 2024

We synthesized and characterized known and new Cu(ii)–salen complexes and investigated their efficacy in yielding propargylamines (PAs) via an A3 coupling reaction mechanochemically.
Zeolitic imidazolate framework/Prussian blue analogue derived CoSe2/FeSe2 heterostructure for long-cycle aluminum-ion batteries
Authors: Liu Tianming , Liu Meng , Guo Juchen , Zhao Changchun , Liu Hao , Li Xiaowei , Liao Libing , Lv Guocheng
Published: January 2024

The CoSe2/FeSe2 heterostructure synthesized from a MOF-on-MOF precursor demonstrates high specific capacity and long-term cycle stability as a cathode for AIBs due to the internal electric field at the CoSe2/FeSe2 interface.
Interfacial electron-engineered tungsten oxynitride interconnected rhodium layer for highly efficient all-pH-value hydrogen production
Authors: Zhang Ben , Zheng Yijuan , Xing Zhenyu , Wu Zihe , Cheng Chong , Ma Tian , Li Shuang
Published: January 2024

Tungsten oxynitride coupled rhodium layers has been successfully synthesized by facile a sol–gel method. Owning to the unique electronic state and coordination environment of Rh, the Rh–WNO catalyst exhibits enhanced HER activity in wide pH.
Stability prediction of gold nanoclusters with different ligands and doped metals: deep learning and experimental tests
Authors: Gu Yuming , Tang Shisi , Liu Xu , Liang Xinyi , Zhu Qin , Wu Hongfeng , Yang Xiao , Jin Weihao , Chen Hongwei , Liu Chunyan , Zhu Yan , Ma Jing
Published: January 2024

The formation energy of gold nanoclusters could be predicted quickly by deep learning.
Oxygen insertion at the cage center: an unconventional tuning strategy for enhancing the photocatalytic performance of atomically precise copper cluster cocatalysts
Authors: Cao Yun-Dong , Yin Di , Wang Ming-Liang , Liu Hong , Feng Yi , Fan Lin-Lin , Lv Cai-Li , Gao Guang-Gang
Published: January 2024

This work not only confirms the long-standing prediction that the Cu8 center can accommodate an oxygen atom but also demonstrates a novel central atom regulation strategy to obtain highly active copper clusters as photocatalysts.
A nonfullerene acceptor as a solid additive realizing a record efficiency of 17.74% in quasi-layered all-polymer solar cells
Authors: Xu Wenjing , Zhang Miao , Liu Zhongyuan , Tian Hongyue , Zhang Wenqing , Sun Shixiu , Jeong Sang Young , Zhang Fenghua , Li Xiong , Sun Qianqian , Hao Xiaotao , Woo Han Young , Ma Xiaoling , Zhang Fujun
Published: January 2024

The nonfullerene acceptor L8-BO as solid additive was incorporated into QLA-PSCs based on PM6 and PY-IT. The molecular orientation and exciton diffusion length in PY-IT layer can be optimized, resulting in the PCE enhanced from 16.14% to 17.74%.
Regulating the solvation structure of an acetonitrile-based electrolyte for Li/NMC811 batteries cycled at low temperature
Authors: Liu Lin , Shadike Zulipiya , Cai Xinyin , Hong Mengwei , Gao Yue , Shen Shuiyun , Zhang Junliang
Published: January 2024

An acetonitrile-based localized high concentration electrolyte has been developed for low temperature lithium metal batteries. The corresponding Li/NMC811 cell delivers a high capacity of 113 mA h g−1 at −40 °C with 85.5% capacity retention.