bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AKADEMİK LİDERLİK MODELLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: AHP YAKLAŞIMI
Authors: Akalın Betül , Demirbaş Mehmet Beşir
Published: September 2024

Yükseköğretim kurumlarında liderlik, iş takibi, eğitimin aksamaması ve akademik anlamda başarılı çalışmaların ortaya çıkması için kilit bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu durum özellikle hangi liderlik modelinin akademide daha yararlı olacağının bilinmesini ve o liderlik tarzının benimsenmesini gerekli kılmaktadır. Akademik liderlik her dönemde önemli olmuştur. Çünkü bir akademisyenin başarısı, mesleki ve akademik gelişimini teşvik eden ya da caydıran, içinde çalıştığı mesleki kültüre doğrudan bağlıdır. Bu kapsamda literatürde yer alan akademik liderlik modelleri çok kriterli karar verme yöntemlerinden biri olan Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci yöntemiyle değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucuna göre en yüksek ağırlık değerine (0,2064) sahip akademik liderlik türü AL3 kodu ile hizmetkâr liderlik modeli olarak ortaya konmuştur. İkinci en yüksek ağırlık değerini (0,1773) alan liderlik modeli ise AL2 koduyla dönüşümcü liderlik modeli olmuştur. Tüm uzmanların değerlendirmeleri sonucu en düşük düzeyde ağırlık değerlerini alarak sıralamanın sonlarında yer alan AL7 kodlu manevi liderlik modeli (0,0744) ve AL8 kodlu pasif liderlik modeli (0,0516) en az tercih edilen modeller olarak değerlendirilmiştir.
RESEARCHING THE LEVELS OF RATIONAL DRUG USE OF INDIVIDUALS
Authors: Çetin Simge , Çetin Emine
Published: September 2024

The aim of this study is to determine the rational drug use levels of the members of the society, which are important components of rational drug use, and the factors affecting the level of rational drug use. The research was designed as a cross-sectional type of field research. The population of the study consists of adults aged 18 and over living in Turkey. The research was conducted with 441 volunteer data. The research data were collected with a questionnaire form consisting of questions about the descriptive characteristics of the participants and the Rational Drug Use Scale. In the analysis of the data, descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U test, and Kruskal Wallis tests were used. 65.53% of the participants were female, 63.27% were single, and the mean age was 33.04±13.417. 88.21% of the participants received a scale score of 35 and above, and the average score was 38.08±3.554. The mean scores obtained from the scale, differ significantly according to the employment and income status of the participants, the presence of chronic diseases, and health education. It has been concluded that it is possible to increase the rational drug use level of the society with macroeconomic policies. Increasing employment rates and income levels; It is expected that providing education throughout the society, especially for patients, mothers/women and school-age children, will increase the level of rational drug use.
HASTANELERİN POLİKLİNİKLERİNE BAŞVURAN HASTALARIN HEKİME GÜVENİNİ ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLER
Authors: Koç Melisa , Ulusoy Hatice
Published: September 2024

Bu çalışma hastanelerin polikliniklerine başvuran hastaların hekime olan güvenini etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma tanımlayıcı kesitsel tipte olup, evrenini 30.01.2023-03.03.2023 tarihleri arasında bir eğitim ve araştırma, bir devlet ve bir özel hastanenin polikliniklerine başvuran 18 yaş ve üzeri bireyler oluşturmuştur. Araştırmaya toplam 753 hasta katılım sağlamıştır. Çalışmada veriler kişisel bilgi formu ve hastaların hekime güvenini ölçmek amacıyla geliştirilen “Wake Forest Hekime Güven Ölçeği” ile toplanmıştır. Çalışmada ölçek toplam puan ortalaması X ̅=4,16 olarak saptanmış olup, ortaokul ve ön lisans mezunu olan hastaların, aynı hekime dört veya daha fazla kez başvuran hastaların, hasta hekim arasındaki iletişimden memnun olan hastaların, mevcut yaşam durumundan memnuniyeti yüksek olanlarınve Özel Hastaneye başvuran hastaların hekime olan güven düzeyi istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede yüksek bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak hastanelerin polikliniklerine başvuran hastaların hekimine güvenini etkileyen bazı sosyo-demografik özellikler saptanmıştır, hekime güven düzeyi genel olarak yüksektir (X ̅=4,16).
The impacts of cannabis legalization on organized crime in Ontario and British Columbia
Authors: Fraser Connor , Feutl Sarah , Ismaeil Tala
Published: September 2024

This article presents a qualitative study of the impacts of cannabis legalization on organized crime in two of Canada’s largest provinces – Ontario and British Columbia. Utilizing a modified snowball sampling methodology, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 23 subject matter experts in law enforcement, journalism, law, public service, and the private sector. Our findings are complex and reflect a sophisticated, rational response by organized crime to a key legislative event. First, Health Canada’s personal/designated production registrations remain in place, which since 2001 have played a crucial role for allowing some patients access to medical cannabis. However, according to nearly every law enforcement officer interviewed, criminal entities continue to abuse this unique system by obtaining licences under false premises and diverting surplus product into the illicit market. Second, while the domestic market for illicit cannabis has likely declined, many interviewees claimed that organized crime groups adjusted operations by maintaining production levels and diverting shipments into the United States, and also by exploiting relationships with some Indigenous communities. This has contributed to deteriorating public health and safety outcomes within some Indigenous communities. Finally, we registered the belief of many interviewees that the most sophisticated criminal groups have begun shifting attention toward opiate production and distribution – potentially in response to both a smaller domestic market for cannabis, and also the skyrocketing demand for opioids. Our results reflect the unique character of Canadian geography, institutions and electoral politics, notably close proximity to the United States, federal-provincial division of powers, the evolving legacy of colonialism, and a unique series of legal precedents.
The ABCs of trauma-informed policing
Authors: McLachlan Katherine J.
Published: September 2024

Trauma-informed care and practice was developed over 20 years ago and is emerging as a way of working for the police, in corrections and courts, and broader contexts such as health and education services. I started my criminal justice career with South Australia Police in 2001. It was not until 2014 that I first heard the term “trauma-informed,” which was regarding victim services. Back then, it was unclear how it might be applied in practice. Soon after, I was appointed to the Parole Board of South Australia in 2015. As a Parole Board member, I have interviewed more than 1,000 adults, many with chronic offending histories and most with trauma histories. In this paper, I draw from local case studies and apply the SAMHSA (2014) trauma-informed practice framework to explore “trauma-informed” policing. Trauma is understood to mean the impact of adversity (i.e., potentially traumatic events and experiences) on an individual’s functioning and well-being. I outline the ABCs of a trauma-informed policing response: (A) trauma-informed policing requires an agenda, (B) trauma-informed policing is broad, and (C) trauma-informed policing is compassionate. Without the ABCs of traumainformed policing, police responses may be, at best, well-intentioned good practice, but they should not be considered to be trauma-informed.
Evolution of artificial intelligence — real and hypothetical social threats
Authors: Ri M. A.
Published: September 2024

The article considers the problem of artificial intelligence evolution in the context of its negative impact on social, economic and political aspects of society. The stages of evolution of artificial intelligence are described when comparing it with human cognitive abilities, the range of performed tasks and the ability of artificial intelligence to uncontrolled self-learning. General problems of artificial intelligence application in job substitution, manipulation of public opinion and training of artificial intelligence on incorrect historical data set are disclosed. On the example of the popular language neural network ChatGPT the  development of artificial intelligence is analyzed, demonstrating the theoretical possibility of  evolution to superintelligence and probable risks associated with this phenomenon.
PERFIL E FORMAÇÃO DOS PROFISSIONAIS DE SAÚDE, DA REGIÃO DOS CAETÉS, SOBRE IDENTIDADE DE GÊNERO
Authors: Barbosa Pedro Renan Nascimento , Matos Roseane do Socorro da Silva , Nunes Erica Feio Carneiro , Rodrigues Cibele Nazaré Câmara
Published: September 2024

Introdução: A Política Nacional de Saúde Integral de Lésbicas, Gays, Bissexuais, Travestis e Transexuais (PNSILGBT+) objetiva a eliminação da discriminação e do preconceito institucional nos serviços de saúde, com ênfase na formação e capacitação profissional para o atendimento desta população. Objetivo: Verificar o perfil, a formação acadêmico-profissional em saúde e seus saberes sobre Identidade de Gênero. Materiais e Métodos: É um estudo transversal, realizado com profissionais da saúde atuantes na Região dos Caetés. Foram coletados dados em um questionário semiestruturado de forma on-line, pelo Google Forms, de Março a Agosto de 2021. Resultados: A amostra foi composta de 73 participantes, sendo 82,19% do sexo feminino, 100% cisgênera, com idade média de 32,37±7,80 anos, autodeclarados católicos (65,75%); a maioria dos profissionais de saúde são da Enfermagem (34,24%), atuantes na Atenção Terciária (50,68%). Os voluntários relatam não compreender a diferença entre pessoas Cisgênero e Transgênero (57,53%), admitindo não possuir formações sobre Identidade de Gênero ou Atendimento a Pessoas LGBTQIAPN+ (79,45%), entretanto, 87,67% compreendem a importância de formações sobre tal temática para o cuidado desta população. Conclusão: A formação acadêmica e permanente dos profissionais da saúde ainda carece de ensinamentos sobre a temática estudada, ponto fundamental no cumprimento das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCN’s) dos cursos da Saúde, da Política Nacional de Educação Permanente e, principalmente, da PNSILGBT+.
Optimization of Economic Development of Drained Lands
Authors:   Georgian Technical University, Vartanov Martin , Kechkhoshvili Erekle ,   Georgian Technical University, Beraia Nana ,   Georgian Technical University, Kharaishvili Olga ,   Georgian Technical University
Published: September 2024

. Implementation of drainage reclamation measures and economic development of drained lands should be based on rational solutions that ensure economical use of financial resources and increase the efficiency of agricultural land utilization. The article considers the possibility of applying the method of linear programming to solve this issue. Depending on the specific situation, based on the set goal (minimum costs or resources, maximum production, etc.), systems of variables and constraints are determined. The result of the obtained problem gives the optimal solution to the issue being solved. As an example, the article considers the problem of optimal placement of agricultural crops on actually drained lands of Abasha and Senaki municipalities of the Colchis lowland in order to maximize the total output.
Effect of Electrolysis Conditions on Phase Transformations of Metallic Manganese
Authors:   Georgian Technical University, Gabrichidze Maya , Beriashvili Levan ,   Tbilisi State University
Published: September 2024

Electrolytic manganese crystallizes in the form of two modifications: a cubic structure with a volumecentered cubic structure (α-modification) and a metastable manganese hydride, which is erroneously attributed to the γ-modification of manganese). With an increase in the cathodic values of the electrode potential, the unstable manganese hydride passes into the stable α-modification of manganese. The article discusses the nature of the process that determines the coexistence of electrolytic manganese modifications and the laws of the phase transformation process. The influence of temperature on the structure and morphology of manganese, kinetics of electrodeposition of different phases and stages of phase transformation are studied.
Opportunities and Challenges of Blockchain Technology in Non-Crypto Sectors
Authors: Wu Hwang Tsung , Huang Tang Chen , Foley Cotman , Stuart Mark
Published: September 2024

Blockchain technology has evolved into a foundational technology with transformative potential across various industries, extending beyond its initial application in cryptocurrencies. This research aims to explore the application of blockchain in logistics, healthcare, and banking sectors in California, focusing on the regulatory challenges and opportunities it presents. The primary research questions include: What are the practical applications and benefits of blockchain in these sectors? What regulatory barriers hinder its adoption? Employing a mixed-methods approach, this study combines qualitative case studies through semi-structured interviews with blockchain experts, industry practitioners, and policymakers, alongside quantitative analysis of market trends from the summer of 2023. The findings reveal that blockchain significantly enhances transparency and efficiency, with 75% of logistics participants acknowledging its benefits, a 50% adoption rate in banking, and 90% of stakeholders reporting increased transaction transparency. However, challenges remain, including fragmented regulations, high implementation costs, and scalability issues, particularly in healthcare, where adoption is low at 36%. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies to assess the long-term impacts of regulatory changes on blockchain adoption, as well as examining the effectiveness of collaborative frameworks among industry stakeholders to drive innovation. By addressing these challenges, this research contributes to the ongoing discourse on how blockchain can be effectively implemented and regulated across various sectors in the United States.
Post-Tubectomy Recanalization: Experiences at a District Hospital-A Study of 40 Cases
Authors: Rahman Dr. Md. Shofiur , Akhter Dr. Jafrin , Habib Dr. Ahsan , zaman Dr. Akteruuz
Published: September 2024

Introduction: The demand for post-tubectomy recanalization is increasing due to evolving family planning goals, loss of a child, or changes in marital status. The purpose of the study was to assess the outcomes and experiences of post-tubectomy recanalization procedures. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to evaluate the outcomes and experiences of post-tubectomy recanalization procedures performed at a district hospital in a study of 40 cases. Methods: This prospective observational study included 40 female patients aged 20 to 39 years who underwent post-tubectomy recanalization conducted at the Department of Surgery in collaboration with the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Magura District Hospital and private clinics of Magura district, Magura, Bangladesh, from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2020. Patients with no history of pelvic inflammatory disease, endometriosis, fibroids, or other contraindications were included. Data on demographics, surgical details, and pregnancy outcomes were collected and analyzed using SPSS version 22. Result: The majority of patients (50.00%) were aged 30-34 years, with 90.00% having a parity of 2 or less. Isthmo-isthmic anastomosis was the most common type, performed in 47.50% of cases, with 77.50% of tubes achieving a final length of more than 6 cm. Following recanalization, 62.50% of patients achieved a live birth. Conclusion: This study on 40 cases of post-tubectomy recanalization demonstrates its effectiveness in restoring fertility, with a 62.50% live birth rate. The findings emphasize the crucial role of anastomosis type and final tube length in achieving successful outcomes.
Egynémely bibliai bűn a népmesében
Authors: Bálint Péter
Published: September 2024

Az isteni gondviselés nem csak a hős jutalmazásáról szól, de a különféle bűnök elkövetése utáni büntetésről is. A kisebb vagy súlyosabb bűnöknek számos formája ismeretes a népmesékben. A mesemondók saját tapasztalataikat vetik össze a bibliai bűnökkel, és mindenkor figyelembe veszik az istenítéletet. A büntetés, az ítélet történelmi koronként és mesemondói értelmezéstől függően változik a narratívákban.
Digitalisasi Knowledge Sharing dan Rebranding UMKM di Desa Sindang Panon Banjaran Kabupaten Bandung
Authors: Nuraeni Aisyah , Ilman Benie , Hidayat Asep
Published: September 2024

Beberapa jenis UMKM serta pelaku UMKM yang telah ada di desa Sidangpanon dapat dikembangkan karena berdasarkan kondisi eksisting di lapangan, proses bisnis UMKM di desa Sindangpanon masih tradisional dan belum dilakukannya digitalisasi. Pelaku UMKM di Desa Sindangpanon pun belum memiliki pengetahuan dan keterampilan megenai manajemen bisnis yang baik seperti kurangnya pengetahuan akan pentingnya branding, belum dilakukannya promosi secara digital sehingga usaha yang dijalankan tidak dapat berkembang secara maksimal. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan yang terjadi pada pelaku UMKM di desa Sindangpanon, hal ini dapat menggunakan metode knowledge sharing karena dianggap sebagai cara mendasar untuk mencapai keunggulan kompetitif. Kemampuan dan pengetahuan mengenai branding, perangkat digital dan internet juga perlu dikuasai oleh UMKM agar usaha para pelaku UMKM dapat bertahan di dalam arus persaingan karena dengan branding dan pemasaran digital, pelaku usaha akan dapat dengan mudah menjaring pangsa pasar dan konsumen serta mempertahankan konsumen. Berdasarkan hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat di desa Sindangpanon yang telah dilaksanakan yakni meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan digitalisasi berbisnis dari para pelaku UMKM di desa Sindangpanon. Para pelaku UMKM yang berperan sebagai penggerak roda perekonomian rakyat saat ini di wilayah Sindangpanon dapat saling membantu dalam melakukan sosialisasi atau knowledge sharing secara lanjut terkait dengan pengetahuan dan keterampilan digitalisasi bisnis.
Pendaftaran Prosedur Sertifikasi Halal MUI Bagi UMKM Dimsum NN
Authors: Rinjani Diliya Mariam , Hamidah Syifa Fauziah , Hambali M. Shany
Published: September 2024

Every year food trends emerge, both food trends originating from Indonesia and food trends originating from abroad, one of which is dimsum. The public's interest in Dimsum culinary originating from China is great, but because it comes from a country where the majority of the people are non-Muslims, the halalness of this type of Dimsum culinary is often questioned. The purpose of this PKM activity is to help these MSMEs with registration for MUI halal certificates, and then assist digital marketing through online market places and social media. The method used in this service activity is direct observation to the location, conducting counseling/education, training, demonstrations and mentoring to partners, then helping to register the NIB and then helping to register the halal certification. As a result, MSME partners can understand the importance of halal certificates for the products they sell to increase consumer confidence.
Optimalisasi Pusat Kesejahteraan Sosial Melalui Direktori Layanan Rujukan Berbasis Digital di Desa Rancakalong Sumedang
Authors: Wulandari Fitri Dwi , Widiowati Didiet
Published: September 2024

Pengabdian Masyarakat yang terintegrasi dengan Praktikum Komunitas tahun 2023 yang diselenggarakan di Desa Rancakalong Kabupaten Sumedang ini memiliki arahan yang diberikan oleh PJ Bupati terkait dengan empat masalah yang menjadi Indikator Kinerja Utama (IKU) Daerah Kabupaten Sumedang yaitu penurunan angka stunting, penurunan angka kemiskinan ekstrem, peningkatan daya saing desa, dan peningkatan kinerja Pusat Kesejahteraan Sosial (Puskesos). Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini brtujuan untuk meningkatkan optimalisasi kinerja Puskesos. Kegiatan ini melibatkan perangkat desa secara partisipatif serta penggalian data melalui observasi, wawancara dan studi dokumentasi dan sosialisasi. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah penyuluhan penyadaran peran, tugas dan tanggung jawab Puskesos serta pembentukan direktori layanan rujukan berbasis digital yang bertujuan untuk mempermudah proses pelayanan, arus informasi dan rujukan serta pemutakhiran data.
Implementasi Teknologi Converter Bahasa Isyarat Indonesia dalam Membangun Komunikasi antara Siswa Berkebutuhan Khusus dengan Guru di SMK BPP Veteran Bandung
Authors: Zulkarnaen  , Andriana  , Rahman Sutisna Abdul , Rohmah Dede Siti , Turesna Ganjar , Nurdiansyah Sansan
Published: September 2024

Komunikasi yang efektif antara siswa berkebutuhan khusus (SBK) dan guru adalah salah satu tantangan terbesar dalam pendidikan inklusif, khususnya di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK). SMK BPP Veteran Bandung sebagai salah satu sekolah yang menerapkan pendidikan inklusif menghadapi tantangan ini dalam upaya memberikan pendidikan yang setara bagi semua siswa. Program pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mengimplementasikan teknologi converter Bahasa Isyarat Indonesia untuk membantu komunikasi antara SBK dan guru. Teknologi ini dikembangkan untuk menerjemahkan Bahasa Isyarat Indonesia menjadi teks dan suara, serta sebaliknya, yang memungkinkan SBK untuk berkomunikasi lebih efektif dengan guru. Program ini dimulai dengan analisis kebutuhan melalui observasi dan wawancara, dilanjutkan dengan pelatihan guru untuk menggunakan teknologi ini, serta implementasi dan evaluasi di dalam kelas. Hasil dari program ini menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan dalam keterlibatan SBK dalam pembelajaran dan peningkatan kualitas komunikasi antara SBK dan guru. Program ini diharapkan dapat diadopsi secara lebih luas di sekolah-sekolah lain yang menerapkan pendidikan inklusif.
PROFISSIONAIS DE SAÚDE NO MANEJO DO TRAUMA: ABORDAGEM SISTEMATIZADA
Authors: Nascimento Maria Eduarda Bezerra do , Almeida Diego Tomas de , Freire Alyne Maria Lima , Silva Ana Beatriz Batista e , Faria Elter Alves , Campos Adilson gomes , Silva Keike Elissa Fonseca Da , Vasconcelos Moisés Kitzinger , Arruda Mariana Ribeiro Vanderley de , Tsujimoto Lívia Rangel , Silva Jarreny Alves da , Rodrigues Jamile Eduarda Freitas
Published: September 2024

O manejo de pacientes com traumas múltiplos é uma área essencial da medicina que requer uma abordagem rápida e multidisciplinar. Esse tipo de trauma envolve múltiplas lesões e afeta órgãos e sistemas vitais, causando estresse fisiológico, dor intensa, instabilidade óssea e hemorragia. Os primeiros socorros são prestados no local do acidente e incluem estabilização e suporte básico de vida, no hospital, uma equipe multidisciplinar prioriza a estabilidade do paciente e resolve ameaças imediatas à vida, o Suporte Avançado de Vida em Traumas (ATLS) é uma medida comumente usada para gerenciar traumas e aumentar a sobrevivência. A abordagem segue os princípios ABCDE, que permitem uma avaliação sistemática e uma abordagem eficaz das lesões. O apoio psicológico também é importante, dado o impacto emocional do trauma no paciente e na sua família. O tratamento deve ser individualizado, priorizando as lesões mais críticas e considerando intervenções cirúrgicas, se necessário. Os avanços contínuos na medicina visam melhorar o atendimento aos pacientes politraumatizados, aumentando assim as chances de recuperação e reabilitação bem-sucedidas.
QUALIDADE DE VIDA DE MULHERES COM CÂNCER DE MAMA SUBMETIDAS À CIRURGIA DE MASTECTOMIA
Authors: Da Silva Bezerra Rodrigo , Rivera Justiniano e Silva Rebeca , Sophia Gurgel Dourado Paula , Tayane Gonçalves Pires Fernandes Ingridy , Lima do Nascimento Aparecida , Aparecida Leoni Elaine , Aparecida Caetano Solange , Vieira Valdemir , Zotti Justo Ferreira Márcia , Regino Magalhães Plínio , Regino Magalhães Lilian , Lopes Adriane , Cristiano Batista Flores Péricles
Published: September 2024

Introdução: O câncer de mama é o tipo de câncer mais frequentemente diagnosticado globalmente e é a principal causa de morte por câncer entre as mulheres, o tratamento conservador nem sempre é possível, a mastectomia permanece como um procedimento e que pode impactar a qualidade de vida. Objetivo: Identificar na literatura evidências recentes sobre a qualidade de vida de mulheres com câncer de mama submetidas à cirurgia de mastectomia. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura com artigos datados entre 2019 e 2024 nas bases de dados da LILACS, Google Acadêmico e Periódicos da Capes. Resultados: Foram selecionados 8 artigos para compor a pesquisa. Considerações Finais: Mulheres sofrem efeitos adversos complexos pela mastectomia em todas as dimensões de qualidade de vida, como de imagem corporal, dimensões físicas, em saúde mental, e aspectos emocionais.
Documenting Discrimination in Voting: Judicial Findings Under Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act Since 1982
Authors: Katz Ellen , Aisenbrey Margaret , Baldwin Anna , Cheuse Emma , Weisbrodt Anna
Published: September 2024

The Voting Rights Initiative ("VRI") at the University of Michigan Law School was created during the winter of 2005 to help inform [...] the debates that led to this latest congressional reauthorization and the legal challenge to it that is certain to follow. A cooperative research venture involving 100 students working under faculty direction set out to produce a detailed portrait of litigation brought since 1982 under Section 2. This Report evaluates the results of that survey. The comprehensive data set may be found in a searchable form at http://www.votingreport.org or http://www.sitemaker.umich.edu/votingrights. The aim of this report and the accompanying website is to contribute to a critical understanding of current opportunities for effective political participation on the part of those minorities the Voting Rights Act seeks to protect.
Unconscionable Contracting for Indigent Defense: Using Contract Theory to Invalidate Conflict of Interest Clauses in Fixed-Fee Contracts
Authors: McMurtie Jacqueline
Published: September 2024

Indigent defense remains in crisis and yet constitutional challenges to promote systemic change have met with mixed success. This Article explores the new strategy of applying contract theory and principles to challenge indigent defense contracts that violate the canons of professional responsibility. This Article begins by discussing the author's experience working on cases of indigent defendants whose convictions were overturned through the efforts of the Innocence Project Northwest. The erroneous convictions were facilitated by the indigent defense contract in place at the time of the convictions. Pursuant to this contract, the indigent defense contractor agreed to provide representation in all criminal cases in the county for a fixed price, and to hire and pay for conflict counsel out of the lump-sum fee. This Article discusses why such a contract creates multi-faceted conflicts of interest between the contracting attorney, conflict counsel, and their clients. Since these conflicts are too grave to waive through the process of informed consent, the provisions of the contract are unconscionable, and violate the public policy encompassed in the canons of professional responsibility. This Article suggests that bar associations are uniquely situated to use the principles of contract law to challenge indigent defense contracts that violate the rules of ethics by their very terms.
Analyzing the Evolution of Cyber Law: A Comprehensive Review of Data Protection and Privacy Regulations
Authors: Bajpai G.S.
Published: September 2024

The rapid growth of the internet and digital technologies has revolutionized the way individuals and organizations interact, leading to significant legal challenges, particularly in the areas of data protection and privacy. This review paper explores the evolution of cyber law, focusing on the development of data protection and privacy regulations across different jurisdictions. By examining key international frameworks, regional directives, and national laws, the paper identifies trends, challenges, and gaps in the current legal landscape. The analysis underscores the importance of adapting legal frameworks to the rapidly changing technological environment and highlights the need for global cooperation to ensure the effective protection of personal data and privacy rights.
Judicial Activism vs. Judicial Restraint: A Comparative Review of Landmark Cases
Authors: Sinha Manoj Kumar S
Published: September 2024

The concepts of judicial activism and judicial restraint have long been central to debates about the role of the judiciary in interpreting and enforcing the law. Judicial activism refers to a more proactive role for judges in shaping policy and protecting rights, often leading to decisions that go beyond strict interpretation of the law. Judicial restraint, on the other hand, emphasizes a more conservative approach, where judges defer to the decisions of elected representatives and adhere closely to the text of the law. This paper provides a comparative review of landmark cases that illustrate these opposing judicial philosophies. By analyzing key decisions from different jurisdictions, the paper explores the implications of judicial activism and restraint for democracy, the rule of law, and the balance of power between branches of government.
Human Rights and Criminal Law: Navigating the Intersection of Justice and Liberty
Authors: Shanthakumar S.
Published: September 2024

The intersection of human rights and criminal law is a fundamental aspect of legal systems worldwide, reflecting the delicate balance between upholding justice and safeguarding individual liberties. This paper explores how human rights principles influence criminal law, the challenges in protecting these rights during criminal proceedings, and the impact of international human rights standards on domestic criminal justice systems. Through an analysis of key issues such as the right to a fair trial, the presumption of innocence, protection against torture, and the rights of victims, this paper examines the ongoing efforts to harmonize justice and liberty. Case studies from various jurisdictions illustrate these challenges, offering insights into the complexities of enforcing human rights in the context of criminal law.
The Impact of Judicial Reforms on Economic Development: A Cross-National Study
Authors: Singh S.P.
Published: September 2024

Judicial reforms have been instrumental in shaping the economic trajectory of nations. A well-functioning judiciary enhances property rights protection, enforces contracts efficiently, and ensures the rule of law, which are all essential for economic development. This research paper investigates the correlation between judicial reforms and economic growth across various countries, examining how judicial efficiency, accountability, and access to justice contribute to sustainable economic development. Through cross-national comparisons, this study evaluates the impact of reforms in different legal systems, including both developing and developed economies.
POLICY PATHWAYS FOR INDIA’S THIRD GENDER INCLUSION
Authors: Sharma Rachana , Kaur Harkirandeep , Bajwa Gurshaminder Singh , Tandon Stuti
Published: September 2024

This review article examines gender theory, with a particular emphasis on transgender individuals. The gender and sexual structures of our culture are quite firmly ingrained. Everywhere, individuals are generally divided into two categories, i.e., male and female. But this binary method of classification ignores a sizable portion of the population, transgender, by failing to account for the gender variety that has long existed. As a result, this group is mistreated and subjected to social oppression as the public is unaware of it. In a developing nation like India, they are experiencing several frustrating setbacks. This paper presents a review of the policies and programs implemented by the Indian government for benefitting the TGs in India. The goal of this paper is to evaluate how far policy interventions have considered transgender people's requirements, as well as to propose and implement solutions to ensure that transgender people's needs are properly met.
The Intersection of Law and Public Health: Legal Responses to Pandemics
Authors: Kaur Kawaljit
Published: September 2024

In the domain where, public health and law coexist, pandemic response marks a turning point. Public health policies like quarantine, vaccine requirements, and emergency declarations are shaped and enforced in great part by legal systems. These rules not only specify the extent of government power but also protect individual liberties among demands of public health. The junction emphasizes the need of public health against civil freedoms in balance and calls for careful methods to guarantee efficient disease management without unnecessary intervention. Legal reactions change with the dynamic character of pandemics to reflect continuing scientific knowledge, social conventions, and international collaboration to reduce world health risks.
Progress in developing experimental design skills among junior high school learners
Authors: Szalay Luca , Tóth Zoltán , Borbás Réka , Füzesi István
Published: September 2024

This paper reports the findings of the second year of a four-year empirical research project. Its aim is to modify ‘step-by-step’ instructions for practical activities in a way that may enable the development of experimental design skills among junior high school learners. Each school year pupils spend six lessons doing practical activities using worksheets we provide. At the beginning of the research, the Grade 7 (12–13-year-old) pupils were divided into three groups. Group 1 (control group) followed step-by-step instructions. Group 2 followed the same instructions as Group 1, but after the experiment, they answered a series of questions on their worksheets concerned with the design of the experiment. Group 3 was required to design the experiments, guided by a similar set of questions.The impact of the intervention on pupils' experimental design skills (EDS) and disciplinary content knowledge (DCK) was measured using structured tests at the beginning of the project and at the end of both school years. Seven hundred fifty-six (756) Grade 8 pupils completed the test at the end of the second school year (April-May 2023). Over the first two years, the intervention resulted in a medium effect size positive change in the EDS of Group 3 compared to the control group (Group 1), (Cohen's d: 0.23). By the end of the second year of the project, there was only a small difference in the change in DCK between the experimental groups and the control group (Cohen's d value for Group 2: 0.10 and for Group 3: 0.12).
Effect of think-pair-share and choral response assessment methods on academic achievement of prospective science teachers
Authors: Mubashara Akhtar  , Khalil Atif , Noshaba Anam , Khalil Salman
Published: September 2024

A number of assessment methods are used to improve teaching which accelerates students’ achievement. This study investigates the effect of two assessment methods (Think – Pair – Share and Choral Response) on academic achievement of prospective science teachers in a public sector university in Lahore, Pakistan.  It employed a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design which was conducted on two already existing intact groups i.e. control group (n=51) and experimental group (n=36). The pre-test was administered to both the groups, and then the participants were exposed to the treatment after which the post-test was administered. The two tests, which had been devised based on Bloom’s Taxonomy of Educational Objectives, were the same for both groups. The validity of the tests was ensured by five relevant experts; the reliability was established as 0.832 through a pilot study on 200 prospective teachers. Those items in the test were selected that had difficulty ratings of 0.2 – 0.8 and discrimination ratings of 0.2 – 0.6. The collected data were analysed using independent sample t-test. Results revealed that the students who were assessed through chosen methods of assessment showed better performance than those who were assessed traditionally. It was also found that students showed better performance while applying Think – Pair – Share than Choral Response. Hence, the study recommended to use these methods of assessment during teaching in order to improve students’ achievement.
Kajian Variasi Od Tube Heat Exchanger Shell & Tube terhadap Temperatur dan Laju Perpindahan Panas dengan Heat Transfer Research Inc
Authors: Kharisma Aji Abdillah , Triatmaja Rangga
Published: September 2024

Pada proses produksi lempengan plat (metal slab) membutuhkan mesin yang bekerja secara terus-menerus. Mesin yang digunakan dalam produksi metal slab adalah mesin hot strip mill yang dijalankan dengan sistem hidrolik. Proses produksi lempengan plat membutuhkan waktu yang lama sehingga menimbulkan suhu panas yang tinggi pada mesin, oleh karena itu perlu membutuhkan suatu alat penukar panas untuk mencegah terjadi nya overheat yang berlebihan. Pada peneltian ini akan dilakukan kajian dari alat penukar panas shell & tube dari variasi OD tube terhadap output yang akan dihasilkan yaitu temperature dan laju perpindahan panas. Tipe aliran yang digunakan adalah counterflow, baffle bertipe double segmental, tubepasses berjumlah dua pass dengan fluida air dari cooling tower pada sisi tube dan fluida oli pada sisi shell serta desain variasi OD tube yang dibuat adalah 19,050 mm, 22,225 mm dan 25,400 mm pada software HTRI.
Perancangan Lemari Pendingin Sayuran dengan Media Es Batu dan Kontrol Kelembaban
Authors: Muin Abdul , Rawani Dewi , Veranika Rita Maria , Akbar Imam
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang sebuah lemari pendingin sayuran yang menggunakan media es batu dan kontrol kelembaban. Lemari pendingin ini dirancang untuk mengawetkan sayuran yang tidak habis terjual di warung kampung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan menguji tiga jenis sayuran, yaitu bayam, tomat, dan kentang. Pengujian dilakukan selama 10 jam dengan membandingkan kondisi sayuran yang disimpan di dalam dan di luar lemari pendingin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lemari pendingin dapat menurunkan suhu ruang hingga 19,7 °C dan 21,5 °C untuk ketiga jenis sayuran. Laju pendinginan yang terjadi masing-masing untuk bayam sebesar 3,342 °C/jam, untuk tomat 2,54 °C/jam, dan untuk kentang 2,285 °C/jam. Penurunan berat produk yang terjadi paling besar pada bayam, yaitu sebesar 31 gram, sedangkan yang paling kecil pada kentang, yaitu sebesar 2 gram. Kelembaban relatif yang tercapai berkisar antara 61% hingga 72%. Dari segi kesegaran dan tekstur, bayam menunjukkan perubahan yang paling signifikan, sedangkan tomat dan kentang masih terjaga kualitasnya. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa lemari pendingin sayuran dengan media es batu dan kontrol kelembaban dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif teknologi tepat guna untuk pengawetan sayuran di warung kampung.
BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TECHNICAL HYBRIDS OF AZOSViV GRAPE BREEDING
Authors: Gorbunov Ivan , Mihaylovskiy Stanislav , Yakuba Yuriy
Published: September 2024

The aim of the study is to investigate new hybrid grape forms by their main biochemical parameters with the prospect of obtaining new high-tech varieties from them. The paper presents the results of scientific studies of biochemical parameters of new technical hybrid grape forms. These forms were obtained by breeders of the Anapa Zonal Experimental Station of Viticulture and Winemaking, a branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution North Caucasian FSC of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making (AZOSViV, a branch of the North Caucasus FSC for Horticulture, Viticulture and Winemaking) and are characterized by late ripening, high productivity, winter hardiness and phylloxera tolerance. Biochemical analysis of the berry must of the studied hybrids was carried out at the institute. Sugars, titratable acids, ammonium compounds, cations and organic acids were studied. The technical grape variety of late ripe-ning Krasnostop Anapsky was used as a control for a comparative analysis of the main biochemical cha-racteristics. A pressing issue for breeders has always been the creation of new sustainable and high-tech grape varieties with their subsequent recommendation for implementation in the production process. The research results showed that the studied hybrids 59-39 and 62-23 annually have stable yields, high sugar accumulation compared to the control variety: 59-39 – 24.2 g / 100 cm3, 62-23 – 24.1, control – 24.0 g/100 cm3. The content of ammonium compounds in hybrid forms is small and comparable to the control. For example, in form 59-39, the content of ammonium compounds is 20 mg/dm3, which is at the level of the control variety. The concentration of metal cations in the juice of berries indicates a high content of these compounds in the soil. The content of potassium in the must is especially high. The studied hybrid forms of grapes have prospects for further study in order to obtain a new variety.
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI, MOTIVASI, DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA GURU MELALUI KEPUASAN KERJA SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING PADA SMPN 1 PANJI KABUPATEN SITUBONDO
Authors: Arinata Selfi , Soeliha Siti , Ciptasari Ayu Dita Windra
Published: September 2024

Human resources are valuable assets and function as the main driving force behind every action or activity of an organization. An organization really needs a professional and skilled workforce to contribute optimal performance in achieving the goals set by the organization's leadership. The aim of this research is to analyze and test the influence of competency and work environment on teacher performance through job satisfaction as an intervening variable at SMPN 1 Panji Situbondo. The population used in this research were 36 teachers at SMPN 1 Panji Situbondo. This sampling technique is saturated sampling. Data analysis and hypothesis testing in research uses Structural Equation Models - Partial Least Square (PLS-SEM).
The results of the direct influence hypothesis test using the Smart PLS 3.0 application, show that Competence has a significant positive influence on job satisfaction, Motivation has a significantly positive influence on job satisfaction, Work environment has a significantly positive influence on job satisfaction, Competency has a positive but not significant influence on teacher performance, Motivation has a positive influence but not significant on teacher performance, work environment has a positive but not significant effect on teacher performance, job satisfaction has a significant positive effect on teacher performance. Then the results of the indirect influence hypothesis test show that Competence on teacher performance through job satisfaction has a significant positive effect, Motivation on teacher performance through job satisfaction has a significant positive effect, Work environment on teacher performance through job satisfaction has a significant positive effect
EFEK MODERASI LINGKUNGAN KERJA PADA PENGARUH DISIPLIN KERJA DAN PELATIHAN TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS KERJA KARYAWAN PT WIJA KUSUMA NADI DENPASAR BALI
Authors: Arifin Miftahussurur , Soeliha Siti , Pramesthi Riska Ayu
Published: September 2024

Human resource management is an art or discipline that aims to manage and optimize the relationship and function of resources, especially individual labor, in an efficient and effective manner. With the aim of maximizing the function of resources so as to achieve the goals that the institution, agency, or company wants to achieve. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of work discipline and training variables on work productivity with work environment as a moderating variable at PT Wija Kusuma Nadi Denpasar Bali using structural Partial Least Square (PLS).
The results of the direct effect hypothesis test using the SmartPLS 4.0 application, show that work discipline has a significant positive effect on work productivity, training has a negative and insignificant effect on work productivity, work environment strengthens the effect of discipline on work productivity, work environment weakens the effect of training on work productivity.
PENGARUH BUDAYA ORGANISASI DAN MOTIVASI TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI ITWASDA POLDA PROVINSI PAPUA DENGAN MODERASI VARIABEL KOMPENSASI
Authors: Akbar Rian , Fandiyanto Randika , Sari Lita Permata
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of variablesThe Influence of Organizational Culture and Motivation on the Performance of Itwasda Polda Papua Province Employees with Compensation Variable Moderation. Using the Partial Least Square (PLS) Structural Equation Model.
Results of direct influence hypothesis testing using the Smart PLS 3.0 application Organizational culture has a significant positive effect on Employee Performance (H1 is accepted), Motivation has a significant positive effect on Employee Performance (H2 is accepted), Compensation is positive but not significant as a moderating variable of the influence of Organizational Culture on Performance (H3 is rejected). and Compensation is positive but not significant as a moderating variable of the influence of Motivation on Performance (H4 is rejected).
Leveraging summary of radiology reports with transformers
Authors: de Padua Raul Salles , Qureshi Imran
Published: September 2024

Two fundamental problems in health-care stem from patient handoff and triage. Doctors are often required to perform complex findings summarization to facilitate efficient communication with specialists and decision-making on the urgency of each case. To address these challenges, we present a state-of-the-art radiology report summarization model utilizing adjusted bidirectional encoder representation from transformers BERT-to-BERT encoder–decoder architecture. Our approach includes a novel method for augmenting medical data and a comprehensive performance analysis. Our best-performing model achieved a recall-oriented understudy for gisting evaluation-L F1 score of 58.75/100, outperforming specialized checkpoints with more sophisticated attention mechanisms. We also provide a data processing pipeline for future models developed on the MIMIC-chest X-ray dataset. The model introduced in this paper demonstrates significantly improved capacity in radiology report summarization, highlighting the potential for ensuring better clinical workflows and enhanced patient care.
Discovering predictive features of multiple sclerosis from clinically isolated syndrome with machine learning
Authors: Luu Minh Sao Khue , Tuchinov Bair N. , Prokaeva Anna I. , Korobko Denis S. , Malkova Nadezhda A. , Tulupov Andrey A.
Published: September 2024

Accurately predicting the progression of clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) to multiple sclerosis (MS) is crucial for early intervention and management. This study employs a range of machine learning models, including categorical boosting, extreme gradient boosting, light gradient boosting machine, random forest, support vector machine, and logistic regression, to classify CIS patients based on their likelihood of developing MS. Our best model achieves and demonstrates superior predictive accuracy of 0.9312, measured using the area under the curve metric. In addition, we apply explainability techniques to determine the most influential features driving the predictions, identifying which CISs are most indicative of MS progression. Furthermore, we explore feature interactions to detect relationships between features, providing a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms. The study utilizes public data from 273 CISs patients, offering significant contributions to the clinical management and early diagnosis of MS.