bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Plano de avaliação da metodologia de pesquisa de preços institucionalizada pela Portaria Distrital n° 514/2018
Authors: Feitoza Rodrigues Leandro , Clarkson Mattos Tatiana , Da Costa Soares Beatriz
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: desenvolvimento de um projeto de avaliação da atual metodologia aplicada na pesquisa de preços das licitações da Secretaria de Estado de Saúde do Distrito Federal, implementada por meio da portaria distrital n° 514/2018. Método: estudo de caso com uso de métodos mistos. Resultados: há oportunidades de melhorias na pesquisa de preços, promovendo mais chances de êxito nas licitações da SES/DF. Conclusão: é essencial submeter à metodologia de pesquisa de preços à profundas análises para identificar se sua condução gera bons resultados.
Desafios para tutoria na formação de especialistas em avaliação em saúde
Authors: Rodrigues de Amorim Thiago , Moura Cazelli Carla , Clarkson Mattos Tatiana , Leonardo Alves de Andrade Bruno , Pássaro da Silva Toledo Pat´rícia
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: descrever a experiência do processo de mediação da aprendizagem por meio da tutoria no Curso de Especialização Avaliação em Saúde desenvolvido na modalidade EAD para profissionais de saúde da SES-DF entre 2019 e 2020. Método: relato de experiência realizado a partir de análise documental como fonte de captação de dados.  Desenvolvimento: o exercício da tutoria compôs a dimensão da prática educativa como relação dialógica e participativa na produção de sentido, mediando o processo de ensino-aprendizagem relacionado a avaliação em saúde. O vínculo entre tutores e alunos foi importante estratégia para construção do conhecimento no contexto das pedagogias problematizadoras e desenvolvimento dos planos de avaliação. Considerações finais: a tutoria teve papel relevante na trajetória do aluno ao proporcionar a mediação para o protagonismo dos alunos no processo de ensino-aprendizagem acerca da teoria e prática do M&A, especialmente no cenário da SES-DF.
Plano de avaliação da implementação de um contrato de gestão de um hospital no Distrito Federal
Authors: Pinto Braga Meireles Janaína , Pássaro da Silva Toledo Patrícia , Cordeiro Pereira Cardoso Gisela
Published: January 2022

Introdução: O Hospital da Criança de Brasília José Alencar foi criado para complementar a rede pública pediátrica do Distrito Federal. Com foco na criança portadora de câncer, propõe uma atenção especializada e multidisciplinar. Sua institucionalização foi efetivada pela modalidade de contratualização externa com entidade privada, mediante celebração de contrato de gestão. Objetivo: Apresentar uma proposta de avaliação de implementação do contrato de gestão do Hospital da Criança de Brasília José Alencar. Método: O plano apresenta a modelização do contrato de gestão, a identificação dos principais atores envolvidos com a intervenção e a matriz de análise e julgamento. Resultados e conclusão: A implementação do plano de avaliação fornecerá subsídios para a gestão na tomada de decisões acerca da execução contratual, permitindo o monitoramento dos contratos de gestão, a identificação de desafios e o ajuste dos processos de governabilidade, compliance e accoutability.
Curso de especialização de avaliação em saúde: uma análise a partir da translação do conhecimento
Authors: Cordeiro Pereira Cardoso Gisela , Maria Franco de Abreu Dolores , Da Costa Soares Beatriz
Published: January 2022

A qualificação em Monitoramento e Avaliação (M&A) para profissionais dos diferentes níveis de gestão do SUS, associando prática e teoria, propicia o fortalecimento do campo e a sua institucionalização. Experiências de EAD, como o Curso de Avaliação em Saúde, tem se mostrado uma importante estratégia de formação, pois expande a oportunidade de as instituições de saúde qualificarem sua força de trabalho. Objetivo: discutir essa experiência a partir do arcabouço conceitual da translação do conhecimento, integrado à Teoria do Ator-Rede. Método: estudo qualitativo, de natureza descritiva, utilizando como base de análise os domínios de mediação cognitivo-pedagógico, estratégico e logístico-acadêmico. Desenvolvimento: a abordagem translacional forneceu uma teoria explicativa que subsidiou a análise crítica do curso e a reflexão sobre os processos de coprodução do conhecimento. Considerações finais: a configuração de uma rede permeável e flexível possibilitou a adoção de estratégias adaptativas e inovadoras na resolução das controvérsias.
Perfil clínico e nutricional de indivíduos críticos vítimas de trauma cranioencefálico
Authors: Alves Lima Silva Stefania , Costa Fortes Renata , Matos Santiago Reis Carmelia
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: descrever o perfil clínico e evolução do estado nutricional de indivíduos críticos vítimas de trauma cranioencefálico. Método: coorte, retrospectivo, observacional e analítico. Os dados foram analisados com os testes Qui-Quadrado e Mann-Whitney. Resultados: observou-se diferença significativa (p <0,001) para o diagnóstico nutricional e o peso na admissão e alta. Revelando um perfil de pacientes sem comprometimentos do estado nutricional no momento da admissão (não desnutridos = 222; 90,98%) e desnutridos no momento da alta (desnutrição não grave e grave = 225; 92,21%). Perda ponderal média de 6,19Kg (8,69%). Conclusão: os indivíduos avaliados neste estudo evoluíram de forma negativa com relação ao seu estado nutricional, revelando um perfil de indivíduos desnutridos no momento da alta.
Experiência de estudantes de enfermagem durante a coleta de dados num presídio do semiárido baiano
Authors: Patrícia Soares Epifania  , Santos Passos Costa Jessica , Santos de Freitas Kelly , Costa Barros Keila Cristina , Sampaio Maciel Gilmar , Da Silva Santos Passos Silvia
Published: January 2022

Introdução: a atuação da Enfermagem com a população carcerária possui caráter preventivo, de promoção da saúde, de diagnóstico e tratamento. Objetivo: descrever a experiência de estudantes de Enfermagem durante coleta de dados do Projeto de Pesquisa “Principais Doenças em Pessoas Privadas de Liberdade: Estudo descritivo sobre assistência de Enfermagem em um Presídio Regional de uma cidade no Interior da Bahia”.
Método: trata-se de um relato de experiência com abordagem qualitativa, durante o período de junho a agosto de 2019. Considerações finais: identificamos dificuldades para o atendimento presencial, na estrutura física, no quantitativo de agentes penitenciários, nas ações em saúde, na qualificação do profissional e na falta de segurança para o atendimento do paciente principalmente para colher amostras de exames nos pavilhões. A atuação da Enfermagem deve refletir práticas competentes e responsáveis a essa população específica.
Pharmacogenomic Testing in Depression: A 2021 Update
Authors: Darvesh Nazia , Horton Jennifer , Lê Mê-Linh
Published: January 2022

An update to a 2020 CADTH Rapid Review was conducted to capture new literature published since 2019 examining the effectiveness of drug treatment informed by genetic testing compared to usual care for adults with depression.
Eleven studies were identified: 1 systematic review, 1 health technology assessment, 4 randomized controlled trials reported in 5 publications, 1 non-randomized study, 1 cohort study with historical control, and 2 uncontrolled before-and-after studies.
Similar to the conclusions of the 2020 CADTH report, the effectiveness of gene testing for treating depression was unclear. In patients with depression, some studies showed that there were improvements in the clinical effectiveness outcomes in those who received gene testing and other studies showed that there was no difference in outcomes between those who received gene testing and those who did not. No studies showed that gene testing resulted in worse outcomes compared to those who did not receive gene testing.
In the current report, the were several limitations across studies such as poor design, inclusion of subjectively measured outcomes, small sample sizes, and a focus on hospital settings ― all of which may not be generalizable to other populations.
'Du fond des casseroles' à la table : l’art gastronomique et les saveurs identitaires chez Simone Schwarz-Bart et Jorge Amado
Authors: Massoni da Rocha Vanessa
Published: January 2022

Cet article privilégie les interfaces entre la cuisine et la littérature dans l’univers créatif de l’écrivaine guadeloupéenne Simone Schwarz-Bart (1938) et de l’auteur brésilien Jorge Amado (1912-2001). La place dédiée à l’art gastronomique et à ses enjeux identitaires dans les productions fictionnelles s’avère l’une des passerelles les plus riches entre les productions des deux écrivains. L’alimentation demeure un domaine majeur de manifestation identitaire, de renouement de nœuds avec le sol et les arts de faire locaux. Dans plusieurs de leurs ouvrages, le lecteur témoigne d’un rapport viscéral des personnages avec la gastronomie locale (créole, pour elle et notamment de Bahia, pour lui) et ses enjeux dans la vie quotidienne. « L’âme des peuples s’exhalant du fond des casseroles », l’un et l’autre accueillent la gastronomie comme vecteur privilégié d’appréhension et de chronique du monde.
Les fragments d’un retour : le Saint-Césaire d’Un Plat de porc aux bananes vertes
Authors: Miller Robert , Onyeoziri-Miller Gloria
Published: January 2022

Les multiples références à l’œuvre d’Aimé Césaire dans Un Plat de porc aux bananes vertes (1967) d’André et Simone Schwarz-Bart  suggèrent un dialogue, parfois implicite, entre la narratrice/protagoniste Mariotte et son compatriote martiniquais. Cet intertexte dialogique se reflète dans la composition des sept cahiers de Mariotte qui tente d’expliquer aux lecteurs sa lutte pour reconstituer la mémoire de son pays natal dans des conditions dictées, au milieu du XXe siècle, par un système social raciste, oppressif et déshumanisant. Deux figures en particulier de l’œuvre de Césaire se détachent des cahiers de Mariotte, à savoir le Rebelle qu’elle associe à un homme qu’elle a connu quand elle était enfant, et le « vieux nègre dans le tramway », personnage du Cahier d’un retour au pays natal (1939). Mais avant d’assumer elle-même ces deux rôles, Mariotte adresse une prière à « Saint-Césaire », lui demandant de la rejoindre dans son chant mémorial. Dans des notes placées à la fin du texte, les auteurs semblent dire que Mariotte a cité Césaire de façon plutôt cavalière, ce qui crée une certaine ambiguïté au sujet de ce rapport intertextuel.
Le trait d’union : une trace interlectale ? Étude comparée de Pays rêvé, pays réel et L’Ancêtre en Solitude
Authors: Candau Olivier-Serge
Published: January 2022

Bien plus fertile en créole qu’en français, la composition nominale et verbale se définit comme la juxtaposition d’unités lexicales autonomes, parfois marquée par le recours au trait d’union. La présence du trait d’union dans Pays rêvé, pays réel d’Édouard Glissant (1985) et dans L’Ancêtre en Solitude de Simone et d’André Schwarz-Bart (2015) donne à voir sans conteste la trace du créole dans la syntaxe française. Avec le trait d’union, les deux unités lexicales se rapprochent sans pour autant s’assimiler. Cette recherche vise ainsi à explorer les mécanismes linguistiques qui prévalent, qu’il s’agisse des schémas de composition qui se dégagent ou des relations lexicales entre la première unité et la seconde. Il apparaît ainsi que le trait d’union révèle un partage des langues inattendu, grâce auquel les unités lexicales composées combinent le français et le créole, entraînant des interactions riches entre les langues. L’analyse linguistique des formes retenues débouche sur quelques pistes d’interprétation plus générales.
Reading Pluie et vent sur Télumée Miracle as a ‘Legend of the Just’
Authors: Finielz Elise
Published: January 2022

This article offers a reading of Simone Schwarz-Bart’s novel Pluie et vent sur Télumée Miracle (1972) in the light of André Schwarz-Bart’s novel Le Dernier des Justes (1959). Through the exalted poetic language of Simone Schwarz-Bart, Télumée is elevated to the rank of a Just woman of the Caribbean, as is Ernie in the Jewish European community, for their stories are exemplary of the greatness of a whole generation of people, who are oftentimes seen as victims of antisemitic persecution or transatlantic slavery. Narrating the living memory of these characters in both a realist and mythic language and honoring the nobility of their hearts without explicit political discourse, both novels provide a subversive perspective, as it questions the borders between the ancient generations and the younger ones, the living and the dead. It calls for a positive representation of ancestral, religious, and traditional values, and purports a common ethical vision transcending the social, gender and racial categories imposed by a colonial history. It is in this ethical vision that resides the political significance of the two novels, as they can speak to us universally today.
Une autre Histoire : l’œuvre de Simone Schwarz-Bart
Authors: Santiago Torres Frances J.
Published: January 2022

Simone Schwarz-Bart a créé une œuvre porteuse d’expressions et de paroles appartenant au monde créole. Partant d’une esthétique de l’oral, son œuvre reconstitue une Histoire marquée par la discontinuité et la rupture. Dans ses écrits s’incorporent chants, devinettes, contes et proverbes, donnant ainsi une nouvelle dimension à la langue française. Ces composantes de la tradition orale, aussi bien que le mythe, infusent dans l’œuvre entière une présence magico-religieuse, qui forment dans l’ensemble l’essence même de cette autre Histoire de la Guadeloupe. Cet article explore brièvement les enjeux des traditions orales et écrites, aussi bien que les réciprocités qui s’établissent entre littérature et histoire dans les œuvres de Simone Schwarz-Bart. L’auteur construit un récit rythmé, où les paroles et les images nous ouvrent à la culture orale caribéenne. Elle opère une transcription de l’oral à l’écrit, sans négliger l’importance des éléments psychologiques, politiques, sociaux, ou éthiques qui dominent l’idiosyncrasie caribéenne. Le discours du quotidien et les structures formulaires du conte antillais (parmi d’autres expressions de la tradition orale) résultent de la reformulation d’un contexte historique proprement guadeloupéen. Cette œuvre propose ainsi une esthétique orale à partir d’un regard ancré dans la mémoire d’une Histoire plurielle et diverse de l’archipel caribéen.
‘Exorciser le poignard’ : Compétition, envie et ressentiment dans l’œuvre de Nelly Arcan
Authors: Caiazzo Francesca
Published: January 2022

Cet article s’intéresse au rôle que le sentiment d’envie joue dans deux romans de Nelly Arcan, Folle (2004) et À ciel ouvert (2007). En montrant que les personnages féminins évoluent dans un monde où la concurrence et la compétition constituent le mode principal d’interaction sociale, et où la valeur des sujets féminins résulte de leur corps sexualisé, notamment par le biais de l’auto-objectivation et de la chirurgie esthétique, l’article étudie les rouages de l’envie et du ressentiment qui conduisent à un dénouement tragique. Créant un univers qui peut être qualifié de dystopique, l’écriture d’Arcan invite à repenser la compétition et la rivalité chez ses personnages féminins comme un signe d’insécurité et d’incertitude ontologique.
Un espace libre où dire. 'La fille qu’on appelle' de Tanguy Viel
Authors: Cadinot-Romerio Sylvie
Published: January 2022

Dans son huitième roman, La Fille qu’on appelle, Tanguy Viel rompt avec le dispositif narratif qu’il a adopté dans ses romans antérieurs : le récit personnel. Nous étudions la forme de cet ouvrage sous l’angle de la nouvelle liberté narrative qu’elle offre à l’auteur et qu’il exploite de manière paradoxale et originale : il invente une instance de narration non pas omnisciente mais omni-imaginante, ce qui lui permet de donner à son dispositif la forme éthique d’une réponse à une parole qui n’a pas été entendue et la forme thymique d’une déploration de la condition tragique des vulnérables soumis à l’emprise des puissants, comme l’est Laura, le personnage principal, abusée sexuellement par le maire de la ville.
André Schwarz-Bart au Moulin d’Andé : de quelques rencontres déterminantes
Authors: Gyssels Kathleen
Published: January 2022

Dans la seconde moitié du XXe siècle, le Moulin d’Andé, dans l’Eure, fut un lieu emblématique où se rencontrèrent écrivains, cinéastes, artistes et intellectuels de tous bords et de tous pays. Lieu de création et caisse de résonance artistique et idéologique, le Moulin fut aussi un réseau culturel hors du commun. André Schwarz-Bart y trouva un lieu d’inspiration et de création. Les nombreuses rencontres qu’il y fit furent déterminantes pour son œuvre. Le présent essai explore avec liberté le réseau d’« intertextualités spéculatives » qui se tissa autour de son œuvre, en esquissant trois de ces rencontres littéraires : celles avec Georges Perec, Arnoldo Palacios et Richard Wright.
Experimental trypanosomosis in two breeds of Nigeria goats: Changes in haematology, total proteins and serum glucose after treatment with a brand of trypanocide
Authors: Jeremiah O. T , Joshua R. A.
Published: January 2022

An investigation on the effects of experimental Trypanosoma congolense infection on the changes in some haematological parameters, total serum proteins and serum glucose levels in Red Sokoto (RS) and West African Dwarf (WAD) breeds of goats after treatment with a brand of trypanocide is reported. Thirty goats comprising 20 does and 10 bucks of West African Dwarf and Red Sokoto breeds were used in the experiment. Each doe (10 in each group) was infected with ImLx 10 of Trypanosoma congolense (Karu strain) over a period of eight weeks. Randox kir (Randax lab, USA) was used to determine serum glucose levels the local serum proteins were determined using the Bure method while Wood cell indices were determined using pocH-100iV Diff (Sysmex Animal health, Germany). Data obtained from the study were statistically analyzed using Chi-square test and Student's l-lest. On day nine post-infection, the serum glucose levels of the infected goals were significantly (p0.05) lower than those of the non-infected ones (97.8±6.5 and 28.3±17.6 mg/dl SEM for RS and WAD gouts, respectively). Also, the serum proteins of the infected goals were significantly (p<0.05) lower than those of the non-infected ones (3.4±0.5 and 3.8±0.3 mg/dl SEM for RS and WAD goats respectively) and there was severe anaemia in the two breeds of goats. The return of serum glucose levels and the serum protein values to normal was faster in the WAD goats and the anaemia in the two breeds of goats was reversed following treatment with Dimnazene aceturate (Samoreni Alfasan Holland). Therefore, trypanosome infection in Red Sokoto goats can be more severe. In conclusion, hypoglycemic and hypoproteinemic effects of trypanosomosis with severe anaemia in goats can be reversed with an intervention with trypanocides
Conceptualising the Arctic as a Zone of Conflict
Authors: Gricius Gabriella
Published: January 2022

The Arctic has been conceptualised as a zone of geopolitical competition, an international zone of peace and the dreamlike realm for extractive industries. While states such as Russia and the United States have commenced a militarisation and nuclearisation of the Arctic, other Arctic states like Canada and Norway have mobilised support for Arctic cooperation. Due to changing geopolitical pressures, the desecuritisation of the Arctic in the late 1980s was not successful. This lack of attainment begs the question as to why today, the Arctic seems to be heating up faster than ever. This article aims to determine how the Arctic is conceptualised as a zone of conflict by the United States and Russia. In doing so, the article examines different analytical dimensions that play a role in this conceptualisation, including the changing natural environment, evolving historical context such as the changing power dynamics between countries, and domestic politics. These different framings of a securitised Arctic help to explain how and why security becomes involved in Arctic discourse. To do so, I draw upon discourses in target states and examine the extent to which these particular discourses are manifested in practice and build on critical geopolitics.
Examining the Role of Trust and Ideological Disparities in India-EU Negotiations: The Case of the Bilateral Trade and Investment Agreement (BTIA)
Authors: Katrak Malcolm , Devos Blanche
Published: January 2022

Negotiations between India and the EU for a Broad-Based Bilateral Trade and Investment Agreement (BTIA) have proven to be a complex and protracted affair. Despite both parties realising the importance of a trade agreement, neither of them intend to provide any concessions to the other party. Moreover, both parties, even after adopting different bargaining techniques, have been unable to come to an agreement. It is for this reason that scholarly interest in the study of the BTIA negotiations has grown dramatically over the last decade. Despite the interest, extant reviews have focused predominantly on the ex post economic benefits of the agreement. Rarely has the role of trust between the EU and India been analysed by the scholars. The primary aim of this article is to conceptualise the role of trust between the EU and India and summarise the bargaining strategies used previously by the parties. On the point of trust, the authors would argue that the signals provided by the leaders of India and the EU have helped in creating trust, which would in turn assist in the negotiations of the BTIA. The authors demonstrate that the presence of mere calculus-based trust led to a breakdown of the BTIA negotiations. Thereafter, attempts have been made at elite, organisational and societal levels to move towards an identification-based trust. The authors conclude that although the process of transitioning from calculus-based trust to identification-based trust is slow and costly, the benefits of the latter would not only result in the possible culmination of the BTIA, but also result in the creation of a long-term strategic partnership.
LA ENSEÑANZA SITUADA PARA EL DESARROLLO DE
COMPETENCIAS EN LOS ESTUDIANTES A TRAVÉS DE
PRÁCTICAS GUIADAS
Authors: Reséndiz K. Berlanga , Mendoza S.E. Barrios , Zúñiga R. Altamirano , Cantú M. V. Molina
Published: January 2022

El presente trabajo demuestra el impacto del diseño de un manual de prácticas como material didáctico complementario para desarrollo de las competencias específicas de la materia Calidad Aplicada a la Gestión; a través del mismo es posible comprobar que al desarrollar actividades prácticas adecuadas, los estudiantes son capaces de aplicar sus conocimientos para proponer soluciones pertinentes a problemas específicos, en este caso se desarrolló un proyecto en una empresa dedicada a la construcción y montajes industriales, que consistía en la identificación y análisis de las causas que generan los productos defectuosos en el área de pintura, se determinó los principales defectos que se presentan en el área de pintura; falta de adherencia, polvo y suciedad, falta de cubrición, marcas de lijado, arrugados, corrosión interna, defecto de curado, manchas de agua. Detectándose como las más comunes piel de naranja o falta de nivelación, hervidos o burbujas de disolvente, descuelgues y falta de limpieza en la superficie. Con el análisis de las causas que generaban estos defectos se identificaron las causas principales, con lo que fue posible elaborar una propuesta de un plan de acción que permitirá a la empresa mejorar y disminuir los productos defectuosos evitando reproceso y optimizando los recursos.
PREPROCESAMIENTO DE DATOS PRELIMINARES PARA
CLASIFICADORES EN APRENDIZAJE SUPERVISADO
Authors: Altamirano H.R. Lárraga , Guerra O. Espinosa , Garay N. Zapata , Son J. A. Amador
Published: January 2022

Las imágenes obtenidas por percepción remota a través de vehículos aéreos no tripulados proveen de información que incide en la administración del campo y da soporte a la toma de decisiones. El proceso de análisis de estas imágenes involucra diferentes fases, como la adquisición y el preprocesamiento de las mismas. Estos datos son la entrada para métodos de aprendizaje supervisado en la clasificación de imágenes. Ejemplo de estos son las redes neuronales que han marcado un cambio radical en el análisis de información aplicada a la agricultura. Como métodos supervisados de aprendizaje requieren de dos etapas principales para realizar su tarea: el entrenamiento y las pruebas. El desempeño de la red neuronal depende en gran medida de que tan bien se ha conformado las imágenes de entrada que la entrenan para aprender. El presente trabajo propone un método para el preprocesado de imágenes con el objetivo de integrar el conjunto de datos de entrada a una red neuronal artificial (RNA). El método aquí descrito tiene como sujeto de estudio cultivos de caña de azúcar, describe la adquisición de imágenes por medio de vehículos aéreos no tripulados (VANT), su procesamiento para la integración de ortoimágenes, la división en ventanas de menor dimensión y la segmentación de la clase de interés (caña de azúcar).
LA SEGURIDAD INFORMÁTICA EN LAS INSTITUCIONES DE
EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR
Authors: Mata J.M. Salazar , Navarro C. Cruz , Sánchez A. V. Balderas , Uribe H. F. Díaz
Published: January 2022

El incremento exagerado del uso de la internet, de los diferentes dispositivos y de sistemas digitales, tanto para le educación, como para uso de las redes sociales y compras en línea por parte de los usuarios, es generado a consecuencia de la larga contingencia causada por el SARS-COV2 (Covid19). Esto a su vez, ha ocasionado un incremento en los fraudes cibernéticos; alrededor de 500 mil ataques reportados con un costo de 6,000 millones en todo el mundo, y en México está dentro de los primeros 10 países más atacados con un 61%. Estos robos, afectan tanto a personas comunes como a empresas de todo tipo y tamaño (chicas, medianas y grandes), así como empresas privadas y de gobierno. Esto hechos han generado un déficit en el personal profesional capacitado de 1.8 millones en el mundo y en México de 35 mil, en las áreas de la ciberseguridad, como es hacking ético y cómputo forense y otras más. Con ello se tiene una gran oportunidad, para proponer asignaturas, cursos, capacitaciones en área de ciberseguridad, así como una especialidad de “Administración de redes y ciberseguridad”, para la carrera de Ingeniería en Sistemas Computacionales, que genere competencias acordes a esta problemática. Logrando con ello abatir el gran déficit de personal capacitado en estas áreas, logrando así que la información sea más segura en las empresas, considerando que el crimen cibernético es cada vez más recurrente, se puede combatir con la prevención, la ética y el profesionalismo
Evaluating the contribution of the unexplored photochemistry of aldehydes on the tropospheric levels of molecular hydrogen (H2)
Authors: Pérez-Peña Maria Paula , Fisher Jenny A. , Millet Dylan B. , Yashiro Hisashi , Langenfelds Ray L. , Krummel Paul B. , Kable Scott H.
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Molecular hydrogen, H2, is one of the most abundant trace gases in the atmosphere. The main known chemical source of H2 in the atmosphere is the photolysis of formaldehyde and glyoxal. Recent laboratory measurements and ground-state photochemistry calculations have shown other aldehydes photo-dissociate to yield H2 as well. This aldehyde photochemistry has not been previously accounted for in atmospheric H2 models. Here, we used two atmospheric models to test the implications of the previously unexplored aldehyde photochemistry on the H2 tropospheric budget. We used the AtChem box model implementing the nearly chemically explicit Master Chemical Mechanism at three sites selected to represent variable atmospheric environments: London, Cape Verde and Borneo. We conducted five box model simulations per site using varying quantum yields for the photolysis of 16 aldehydes and compared the results against a baseline. The box model simulations showed that the photolysis of acetaldehyde, propanal, methylglyoxal, glycolaldehyde and methacrolein yield the highest chemical production of H2. We also used the GEOS-Chem 3-D atmospheric chemical transport model to test the impacts of the new photolytic H2 source on the global scale. A new H2 simulation capability was developed in GEOS-Chem and evaluated for 2015 and 2016. We then performed a sensitivity simulation in which the photolysis reactions of six aldehyde species were modified to include a 1 % yield of H2. We found an increase in the chemical production of H2 over tropical regions where high abundance of isoprene results in the secondary generation of methylglyoxal, glycolaldehyde and methacrolein, ultimately yielding H2. We calculated a final increase of 0.4 Tg yr−1 in the global chemical production budget, compared to a baseline production of ~41 Tg yr−1. Ultimately, both models showed that H2 production from the newly discovered photolysis of aldehydes leads to only minor changes in the atmospheric mixing ratios of H2, at least for the aldehydes tested here when assuming a 1% quantum yield across all wavelengths. Our results imply that the previously missing photochemical source is a less significant source of model uncertainty than other components of the H2 budget, including emissions and soil uptake.
Development and Evaluation of Correction Models for a Low-Cost Fine Particulate Matter Monitor
Authors: Nilson Brayden , Jackson Peter L. , Schiller Corinne L. , Parsons Matthew T.
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Four correction models with differing forms were developed on a training data set of 32 PurpleAir-Federal Equivalent Method (FEM) hourly fine particulate matter (PM2.5) observation colocation sites across North America (NA). These were evaluated in comparison with four existing models from external sources using the data from 15 additional NA colocation sites. Colocation sites were determined automatically based on proximity and a novel quality control process. The Canadian AQHI+ system was used to make comparisons across the range of concentrations common to NA, as well as to provide operational and health-related context to the evaluations. The model found to perform the best was our Model 2, PM2.5-corrected = PM2.5-cf-1 / (1 + 0.24 / (100 / RH% − 1)) – RH is limited to the range [30 %, 70 %], which is based on the RH growth model developed by Crilley et al. (2018). Corrected concentrations from this model in the moderate to high range, the range most impactful to human health, outperformed all other models in most comparisons. Model 7 (Barkjohn et al., 2020) was a close runner up and excelled in the low concentration range (most common to NA). The correction models do not perform the same at different locations, so we recommend testing several models at nearby colocation sites and utilizing that which performs best if possible. If no nearby colocation site is available, then we recommend using our Model 2. This study provides a robust framework for the evaluation of low-cost PM2.5 sensor correction models and presents an optimized correction model for North American PA sensors.
A Statistically Optimal Analysis of Systematic Differences between Aeolus HLOS Winds and NOAA’s Global Forecast System
Authors: Liu Hui , Garrett Kevin , Ide Kayo , Hoffman Ross , Lukens Katherine
Published: January 2022

Abstract. The European Space Agency Aeolus mission launched the first of its kind spaceborne Doppler wind lidar in August 2018. To optimize assimilation of the Aeolus Level-2B (L2B) Horizontal Line-of-Sight (HLOS) winds, systematic differences (referred as biases hereafter) between the observations and numerical weather prediction (NWP) background winds should be removed. Total least squares (TLS) regression is used to estimate speed-dependent biases between Aeolus HLOS winds (L2B10) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Finite-Volume Cubed-Sphere Global Forecast System (FV3GFS) 6-h forecast winds. Unlike ordinary least squares regression, TLS regression optimally accounts for random errors in both predictors and predictands. Large well-defined, speed-dependent biases are found particularly in the lower stratosphere and troposphere of the tropics and Southern Hemisphere. These large biases should be corrected to increase the forecast impact of Aeolus data assimilated into global NWP systems.
No evidence for tephra in Greenland from the historic eruption of Vesuvius in 79 CE: implications for geochronology and paleoclimatology
Authors: Plunkett Gill , Sigl Michael , Schwaiger Hans F. , Tomlinson Emma L. , Toohey Matthew , McConnell Joseph R. , Pilcher Jonathan R. , Hasegawa Takeshi , Siebe Claus
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Volcanic fallout in polar ice sheets provides important opportunities to date and correlate ice-core records as well as to investigate the
environmental impacts of eruptions. Only the geochemical characterization of volcanic ash (tephra) embedded in the ice strata can confirm the source
of the eruption, however, and is a requisite if historical eruption ages are to be used as valid chronological checks on annual ice layer
counting. Here we report the investigation of ash particles in a Greenland ice core that are associated with a volcanic sulfuric acid layer previously
attributed to the 79 CE eruption of Vesuvius. Major and trace element composition of the particles indicates that the tephra does not derive from
Vesuvius but most likely originates from an unidentified eruption in the Aleutian arc. Using ash dispersal modeling, we find that only an eruption
large enough to include stratospheric injection is likely to account for the sizable (24–85 µm) ash particles observed in the Greenland
ice at this time. Despite its likely explosivity, this event does not appear to have triggered significant climate perturbations, unlike some other
large extratropical eruptions. In light of a recent re-evaluation of the Greenland ice-core chronologies, our findings further challenge the previous
assignation of this volcanic event to 79 CE. We highlight the need for the revised Common Era ice-core chronology to be formally accepted by the wider
ice-core and climate modeling communities in order to ensure robust age linkages to precisely dated historical and paleoclimate proxy records.
Using a process-based dendroclimatic proxy system model in a data assimilation framework: a test case in the Southern Hemisphere over the past centuries
Authors: Rezsöhazy Jeanne , Dalaiden Quentin , Klein François , Goosse Hugues , Guiot Joël
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Currently available data assimilation-based reconstructions of past climate variations have only used statistical proxy system models to make the link between the climate model outputs and the indirect observations from tree rings. However, the linearity and stationarity assumptions of the statistical approach may have limitations. In this study, we incorporate the process-based dendroclimatic model MAIDEN into a data assimilation procedure, using as a test case the reconstruction of near-surface air temperature, precipitation and winds in the mid-latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere over the past 400 years. We compare our results with a data assimilation approach including a linear regression as a proxy system model for tree-ring width proxies. Overall, when compared to instrumental data, the reconstructions using MAIDEN as a proxy system model offer a skill equivalent to the experiment using the regression model. However, knowing the advantages that a process-based model can bring and the improvements that can still be made with MAIDEN, those results are promising.
Assessment of the Finite-VolumE Sea ice–Ocean Model (FESOM2.0) – Part 2: Partial bottom cells, embedded sea ice and vertical mixing library CVMix
Authors: Scholz Patrick , Sidorenko Dmitry , Danilov Sergey , Wang Qiang , Koldunov Nikolay , Sein Dmitry , Jung Thomas
Published: January 2022

Abstract. The second part of the assessment and evaluation of the unstructured-mesh Finite-volumE Sea ice–Ocean Model version 2.0 (FESOM2.0) is presented. It
focuses on the performance of partial cells and embedded sea ice and the effect of mixing parameterisations available through the Community
Vertical Mixing (CVMix) package. It is shown that partial cells and embedded sea ice lead to significant improvements in the representation of the Gulf Stream and North Atlantic
Current and the circulation of the Arctic Ocean. In addition to the already existing Pacanowski and Phillander (fesom_PP) and K-profile
(fesom_KPP) parameterisations for vertical mixing in FESOM2.0, we document the impact of several mixing parameterisations from the CVMix project library. Among them are the CVMix versions of Pacanowski and Phillander (cvmix_PP) and K-profile (cvmix_KPP)
parameterisations; the tidal mixing parameterisation (cvmix_TIDAL); a vertical mixing parameterisation based on turbulent kinetic energy
(cvmix_TKE); and a combination of cvmix_TKE and the recent scheme for the computation of the Internal Wave Dissipation, Energy, and Mixing
(IDEMIX) parameterisation. IDEMIX parameterises the redistribution of internal wave energy through wave propagation, non-linear interactions and the associated
imprint on the vertical background diffusivity. Further, the benefit from using a parameterisation of Southern Hemisphere sea ice melt season mixing
in the surface layer (MOMIX) for reducing Southern Ocean hydrographic biases in FESOM2.0 is presented. We document the implementation of different
model components and illustrate their behaviour. This paper serves primarily as a reference for FESOM users but is also useful to the broader
modelling community.
Effects of the dynamic effective porosity on watertable fluctuations and seawater intrusion in coastal unconfined aquifers
Authors: Luo Zhaoyang , Kong Jun , Yao Lili , Lu Chunhui , Li Ling , Barry David Andrew
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Watertable fluctuations and seawater intrusion are characteristic features of coastal unconfined aquifers. The dynamic effective porosity due to watertable fluctuations is analyzed and then a modified (empirical) expression is proposed for the dynamic effective porosity based on a dimensionless parameter related to the watertable fluctuation frequency. After validation with both experimental data and numerical simulations, the new expression is implemented in existing Boussinesq equations and a numerical model, allowing for examination of the effects of the dynamic effective porosity on watertable fluctuations and seawater intrusion in coastal unconfined aquifers, respectively. Results show that the Boussinesq equation accounting for the vertical flow in the saturated zone and dynamic effective porosity can accurately predict experimental dispersion relations (that all existing theories fail to predict), highlighting the importance of the dynamic effective porosity in modeling watertable fluctuations in coastal unconfined aquifers. This in turn confirms the utility of the real-valued expression of the dynamic effective porosity. An outcome is that the phase lag between the total moisture (above the watertable) and watertable height measured in laboratory experiments using vertical soil columns (1D systems) can be ignored when predicting watertable fluctuations in coastal unconfined aquifers (2D systems). A dynamic effective porosity that is, by comparison, smaller than the soil porosity leads to a reduction in vertical water exchange between the saturated and vadose zones and hence watertable waves can propagate further landward. The dynamic effective porosity further plays a critical role in simulations of seawater intrusion, since it predicts a more landward seawater-freshwater interface and a higher position of the upper saline plume.
Preprocessing approaches in machine-learning-based groundwater potential mapping: an application to the Koulikoro and Bamako regions, Mali
Authors: Gómez-Escalonilla Víctor , Martínez-Santos Pedro , Martín-Loeches Miguel
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Groundwater is crucial for domestic supplies in the Sahel, where the
strategic importance of aquifers will increase in the coming years due to
climate change. Groundwater potential mapping is a valuable tool to underpin
water management in the region and, hence, to improve drinking water access.
This paper presents a machine learning method to map groundwater potential.
This is illustrated through its application in two administrative regions of
Mali. A set of explanatory variables for the presence of groundwater is
developed first. Scaling methods (standardization, normalization, maximum
absolute value and max–min scaling) are used to avoid the pitfalls
associated with reclassification. Noisy, collinear and counterproductive
variables are identified and excluded from the input dataset. A total of 20 machine
learning classifiers are then trained and tested on a large borehole
database (n=3345) in order to find meaningful correlations between the
presence or absence of groundwater and the explanatory variables. Maximum
absolute value and standardization proved the most efficient scaling
techniques, while tree-based algorithms (accuracy >0.85)
consistently outperformed other classifiers. The borehole flow rate data were
then used to calibrate the results beyond standard machine learning metrics,
thereby adding robustness to the predictions. The southern part of the study
area presents the better groundwater prospect, which is consistent with
the geological and climatic setting. Outcomes lead to three major
conclusions: (1) picking the best performers out of a large number of
machine learning classifiers is recommended as a good methodological
practice, (2) standard machine learning metrics should be complemented with
additional hydrogeological indicators whenever possible and (3) variable
scaling contributes to minimize expert bias.
Lo sport e la storia del Novecento. Un corso di formazione per docenti
Authors: Molinari Alberto , Negri Francesca
Published: January 2022

Studies on the history of sport have highlighted how the sporting dimension involves political, economic and social dynamics, as well as culture, mentality and customs. This transversality offers interpretative keys and tools to build educational trails on contemporary history through the prism of sport, one of the most characteristic phenomena of mass society, vector of great emotions and passions. Hence the idea of organizing a training course for teachers to investigate some significant steps in the history of the 20th century.
ԱՐԱՐՔԻ ՀԱՍԱՐԱԿԱԿԱՆ ՎՏԱՆԳԱՎՈՐՈՒԹՅՈՒՆԸ ԿՈՐՑՆԵԼՈՒ ԵՎ ԱՆՆՊԱՏԱԿԱՀԱՐՄԱՐՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՀԻՄՔԵՐՈՎ ՔՐԵԱԿԱՆ ՀԵՏԱՊՆԴՈՒՄԸ ԴԱԴԱՐԵՑՆԵԼՈՒ ԻՆՍՏԻՏՈՒՏԻ ԾԱԳՈՒՄՆԱԲԱՆՈՒԹՅՈՒՆԸ
Authors: ALEKSANYAN ARUSYAK
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the article is to reveal the peculiarities of regulations by substantive and procedural legal norms, the first steps of introduction of the institute of termination of criminal prosecution on the grounds of loss of public danger due to the little significance provided for in Part 2 of Article 18 of the RA Criminal Code. Our task is to present the regulations on the termination of criminal prosecution on the grounds of loss of public danger at different times, to reveal its procedural roots. The historical-legal method was mainly used during the research. Moreover, the disclosure of these procedural roots can later become a basis for legislative changes, as a result of which the regulation of the judicial institution by nature can be "removed" from the field of criminal law and regulated by procedural legislation. This settlement of the issue has not only a purely theoretical significance, but it can also be used to solve a number of issues in practice (for example, in the context of the settlement of the issue by the substantive criminal law, instead of the wording "... terminate the criminal prosecution" the wording "is not considered a crime ..." is used, as a result of which when terminating the criminal prosecution against a person, he/she acquires the status of the acquitted, etc.). On the other hand, however, it should be emphasized that in the framework of this research, our problem, as mentioned above, is much more modest and the article will reveal only the origins of the institute and its procedural roots, and as a result of their disclosure what specific issues can be solved by the reform of the current legislation, how the legislation should be reformed, then the mentioned issues are beyond the scope of this article. Due to the narrow goals and objectives of the article, the historical-legal method will be mostly used during the research.
The analysis made in the article is based on the regulations on the loss of public danger and the termination of criminal prosecution on grounds of inexpediency envisaged by the governing principles of criminal law of 1919, the Criminal Code of RSFSR of 1922-1926, the Criminal Procedure Code of RSFSR of 1925. The study leads to conclusion that the special regulation on termination of criminal prosecution on the grounds of loss of public danger was originally provided for in the procedural legislation, but was later regulated by substantive norms.
DEFINING AND DETECTING FAIRNESS BIAS FOR BINARY CLASSIFICATION PROBLEM IN FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
Authors: GHALACHYAN GEVORG
Published: January 2022

This article aims to present the fairness bias in the models of artificial intelligence. First, it introduces use cases and legislative constrains of automated decision making towards sensitive features. Then using academic datasets, the historical human bias, measures of dataset fairness, and the effective way of choosing the respective metric are presented. And last, different AI models are estimated to show the replication of decision bias from data to models. The design of the research is observational; academical datasets have been used. For the quantitative analysis both descriptive and inferential statistics are applied.
The analysis was done for the problem of binary classification mainly focusing on the decision making in finance. The phenomenon of unequal decisions aimed at unprivileged demographic groups was shown and quantified, stating the example given with averaging 8-20% bias between groups, which was also present in even most accurate models – 85% and 90% AUC score.
ԵՐՎԱՆԴ ԵՐԿԱՆՅԱՆԻ ԳՈՐԾՈՒՆԵՈՒԹՅՈՒՆԸ ՀՀ ԱՆԿԱԽՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՇՐՋԱՆՈՒՄ
Authors: Artemyan Lilit
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this article is to present the activities of one of the contemporary representatives of the Armenian composition art, Professor Yervand Yerkanyan - a composer, violinist, musical and public figure, laureate of State Prize of the Republic of Armenia (RA), Honoured Worker of Art of the Republic of Armenia during the period of its independence. Our task is to comprehensively study and present the main directions of Yerkanyan's multiprofile activities - to collect the works written by the composer during this period and factual materials related to his activities. Descriptive and analytical methods were used for the research. During the period of RA independence Yervand Yerkanyan's activities evolved mainly in such spheres as creative work, organizational and pedagogical directions: 1. As in previous years the composer conducted an active and multi-genre creative activity, which resulted the production of multi-genre works. 2. Along with his creative activity, the composer carried on productive organizational activities. 3. Y. Yerkanyan continued teaching at the Yerevan State Conservatory after Komitas. The Armenian musical treasury was supplemented with new valuable works as a result of active, fruitful creative and organizational activities. His patriotic activities in Armenia and abroad undoubtedly contributed to the preservation and popularization of Armenian music.
Of Litter and Letters
Authors: Hecq Dominique
Published: January 2022

You do not have to be a cyber culture freak to decide that life is too short to accommodate the rows of books lining your bookshelves. Like the narrator in Gerald Murnane’s ‘In Far Field’, you might fancy driving to a paper-manufacturing plant and dumping boxfuls of books down the chute (Murnane 1995). But you might already have done that, at home, as you are in the electronic agora described by William Mitchell, where even the notion of a human community is a matter of disk space, of ‘writing computer code and deploying software objects to create virtual places and electronic interconnections between them’ (Mitchell 1995: 160)…