bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Immune Risk Score Predicts Survival of Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia Receiving Chemotherapy
Authors: Wang Yun , Cai Yan-yu , Herold Tobias , Nie Run-cong , Zhang Yu , Gale Robert Peter , Metzeler Klaus H. , Zeng Yun , Wang Shun-qing , Pan Xue-yi , Yang Tong-hua , Wu Yuan-bin , Zhang Qing , Wuxiao Zhi-jun , Du Xin , Liang Zhi-wei , Su Yong-zhong , Xu Jing-bo , Wang Yong-qing , Liu Ze-lin , Wu Jian-wei , Zhang Xiong , Wu Bing-yi , Xiao Ruo-zhi , Wang San-bin , Li Jin-yuan , Chi Pei-dong , Zhang Qian-yi , Chen Si-liang , Qin Zhe-yuan , Zhang Xin-mei , Zhong Na , Hiddemann Wolfgang , Liu Qi-fa , Zhang Bei , Liang Yang
Published: December 2020

Purpose:

Prediction models for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are useful, but have considerable inaccuracy and imprecision. No current model includes covariates related to immune cells in the AML microenvironment. Here, an immune risk score was explored to predict the survival of patients with AML.

Experimental Design:

We evaluated the predictive accuracy of several in silico algorithms for immune composition in AML based on a reference of multi-parameter flow cytometry. CIBERSORTx was chosen to enumerate immune cells from public datasets and develop an immune risk score for survival in a training cohort using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression model.

Results:

Six flow cytometry–validated immune cell features were informative. The model had high predictive accuracy in the training and four external validation cohorts. Subjects in the training cohort with low scores had prolonged survival compared with subjects with high scores, with 5-year survival rates of 46% versus 19% (P < 0.001). Parallel survival rates in validation cohorts-1, -2, -3, and -4 were 46% versus 6% (P < 0.001), 44% versus 18% (P = 0.041), 44% versus 24% (P = 0.004), and 62% versus 32% (P < 0.001). Gene set enrichment analysis indicated significant enrichment of immune relation pathways in the low-score cohort. In multivariable analyses, high-risk score independently predicted shorter survival with HRs of 1.45 (P = 0.005), 2.12 (P = 0.004), 2.02 (P = 0.034), 1.66 (P = 0.019), and 1.59 (P = 0.001) in the training and validation cohorts, respectively.

Conclusions:

Our immune risk score complements current AML prediction models.
Diagnostic Value of Serum Acid-Labile Subunit Alone and in combination with IGF-I and IGFBP-3 in the Diagnosis of Growth Hormone Deficiency
Authors: Ertl Diana-Alexandra , Chen Jiajia , Gleiss Andreas , Janu Dominik , Sagmeister Susanne , Raimann Adalbert , Riedl Stefan , Haeusler Gabriele
Published: December 2020

Background: The acid-labile subunit (ALS) is a crucial factor in the tertiary complex. IGF-I and IGFBP-3 are routinely measured during the diagnostic work-up for growth hormone deficiency (GHD). The aim of the study is to evaluate the relevance of serum ALS as an additional biomarker in the diagnosis of GHD. Methods: Ninety-one children undergoing standard diagnostic work-up for GHD were included in this retrospective study. Inclusion criteria were evidence-based auxological cutoffs, IGF-I and IGFBP-3 <−2 SDS at first presentation, at least 1 growth hormone (GH) stimulation test, and IGF-I, IGFBP-3, and ALS measurements on the same day. Statistical analysis was performed by ROC as well as by odds ratio calculations. Results: Forty-seven of 90 participants presented with peak GH values under the cutoff of 7 ng/mL. AUC from a model containing only IGF-I was 0.76 and 0.68 when using only ALS. A model containing IGF-I, IGFBP-3, and ALS (AUC = 0.77) did not improve the result compared to the combination of IGF-I/IGFBP-3 (0.77) or IGF-I/ALS (0.76). Furthermore, the variation in the outcome (GH peak </≥7) explained by IGF-I only amounts to 20.4%, while that explained by IGFBP-3 and ALS is only 10.6 and 7.8%, respectively. The sensitivity to diagnose GHD at respective concentrations of −2.0 SDS was 48% for IGF-I, 38% for IGFBP-3, and only 8% for ALS. Conclusion: Determination of serum ALS alone or in combination with IGF-I and IGFBP-3 did not improve definition of biochemical GHD in a cohort of short children and adolescents with suspected growth disorder. However, performance of IGFBP-3 in this context was not statistically superior to ALS.
Unexpected Complication of Central Venous Catheter Exchange: Catheter Fragment Migration
Authors: Xie Pan , Tao Min , Zhao Hongwen , Qiu Jun , Li Shaohua , Xu Yan , Sun Mei , Sheng Yuxiu , Ronco Claudio , Peng Kanfu
Published: December 2020

Tunneled central venous catheter (TCVC) placement is often an easy and uncomplicated procedure. As such, some clinicians pay little attention to the procedure, and different complications occurred. Catheter fragment loss in major vessels is a rare but serious complication of in situ catheter exchange with few reported cases in the literature. Once catheter fragments slip into a deep vein, endovascular retrieval should be attempted, due to its high success rate and minimal associated morbidity. A 37-year-old male patient underwent replacement of his temporary catheter with TCVC through a trans-right-internal-jugular-vein approach for maintenance of dialysis. As a major unintended outcome of the operation, a catheter fragment slipped into the right internal jugular vein, then migrated and lodged in the inferior vena cava. We retrieved it with a gooseneck snare without complications. We report the case hoping to emphasize on and raise awareness of the fact that catheter fragment loss is a completely evitable complication, provided the operator follows the correct safety measures and protocols. However, if catheter fragment loss occurred, the fragment should be retrieved as soon as possible. A gooseneck snare is an ideal option for retrieving catheter fragments that have migrated into deep veins.
Del alteractivismo al estallido social: acción juvenil colectiva y conectiva (2011 y 2019)
Authors: Amador-Baquiro Juan Carlos , Muñoz-González Germán
Published: December 2020

Resumen (analítico)En este artículo analizamos la participación de los jóvenes en los movimientos alteractivistas de 2011 y los estallidos sociales de 2019, quienes, al parecer, han sido protagonistas de nuevas formas de acción colectiva y conectiva. Desde el enfoque cualitativo de investigación y el método de análisis documental, se revisó un corpus de 61 documentos que comprenden literatura académica e información mediática sobre estos hechos. En los resultados se destacan: la redefinición ontológica y sociopolítica de la condición juvenil a partir de la acción colectiva; el tránsito de prácticas políticas antiglobalización a repertorios de acción colectiva más radicales que buscan resistir a la precariedad y la violencia; y acciones conectivas que transitan de estrategias de replicación a intercambios entre gestores de contenidos y audiencias, por medio de textos multimodales-performativos.
Napoles no feminino. Análise das mulheres em La compagnia delle anime finte
Authors: Ferrer María Reyes
Published: December 2020

L’obiettivo del presente studio è analizzare le figure femminili più rilevanti del romanzo La compagnia delle anime finte (2017) e i parallelismi che nascono del rapporto tra le donne e Napoli, la città in cui si svolge la trama. Il romanzo si caratterizza dalla coralità di voci femminili, che si configurano come storie speculari della vita di Vincenzina Umbriello, la madre di Rosa, la protagonista che racconterà la storia in prima e terza persona. Tutte queste donne stabiliscono una stretta relazione con la città partenopea.
Transnational Relationships between the Italian Revolutionary Left and Palestinian Militants during the Cold War
Authors: Falciola Luca
Published: December 2020

This article examines the transnational ties between the Italian revolutionary left and Palestinian militants from the mid-1960s through the early 1980s. Some observers have cited these connections to explain the magnitude of Italian terrorism in the 1970s and early 1980s. However, in the absence of empirical research, the issue has remained murky. The archival sources and detailed interviews with protagonists used in the article shed light on this phenomenon by addressing four questions: first, the reception of the Palestinian cause within the Italian revolutionary left; second, the way Palestinian terrorist groups established roots in Italy and how the political context facilitated those efforts; third, the interactions between Italian and Palestinian militants both in Italy and in the Middle East; and fourth, the factors that strengthened or weakened the relationships between these entities. The evidence indicates that although Italian revolutionaries forged concrete ties with Palestinian militants and terrorists, these ties were not as extensively developed as some of the Italian leftists had hoped. The interactions encouraged radicalization but did not significantly foster violent escalation and terrorism in Italy.
Putting on Christ
Authors: Glodt Julie
Published: December 2020

In medieval Christendom, liturgical vestments were not just attributes for priestly identity. In direct contact with the celebrant’s body, they were charged with numerous allegorical significations that this article is aimed at studying. The first one associated the priest’s clothing with a moral “rite of passage.” Each vestment symbolized a virtue, thanks to which the priest was supposed to get ready for the Mass. A new allegorical system emerged in the thirteenth century: as symbols of arma Christi, the vestments invited the priest to follow Christ in his Passion. These liturgical garments were even considered as metaphors for Christ’s flesh. Towards the end of the Middle Ages, the celebrant’s clothing was a kind of new embodiment. By putting the liturgical vestments on, the priest was able to transform into the ultimate priest with a new emphasis on his quasi-demiurgic power; as such the priest became one of the most sacred components of the ritual of the Eucharist.
“Like a doll …”
Authors: Pereira Diana
Published: December 2020

In the 1990s there was a growing and renewed interest on the practice of clothing images of saints after, as Richard Trexler put it, the negligence demonstrated towards it by art historians until then. In 2018, following the publication of new and unprejudiced studies about it, the presence of two dresses belonging to statues of the Virgin Mary in the Metropolitan Museum of Art’s exhibition “Heavenly Bodies: Fashion and the Catholic Imagination” testified to the impact clothed images had on fashion creators and, according to David Morgan, the Church’s ritual and performative life. While focusing on the miraculous image of Nossa Senhora da Lapa from Quintela, Portugal, this article aims to acknowledge the many roles played by its clothes and jewels, assessing the complexity of this phenomenon and aiming for a wider understanding of how the faithful engaged with devotional sculpture.
Indigenizing Self-Determination at the United Nations: Reparative Progress in the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples
Authors: Johnson Miranda
Published: December 2020

When the United Nations General Assembly passed the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples in 2007, it introduced into the international legal lexicon a new dimension to the concept of self-determination. The declaration emphasizes indigenous peoples’ distinctive rights to land, culture, language, and collective identity. It does not propose political independence or sovereign statehood, instead insisting on indigenous peoples’ equal rights of citizenship within existing nation-states. The distinct dimension of self-determination that the declaration introduces is one that speaks of indigenous peoples’ particular colonial histories of dispossession and the restoration of their rights and identities in the present, but without disrupting the political continuity of the states that surround them. It is reparative rather than revolutionary. In this article, I examine the construction and contestation of an indigenous right to self-determination both in relation to earlier definitions, and among and between the peoples and states who drafted the declaration.
Introducing Philosophy to the Classroom in the Sixth Century CE
Authors: d’Hoine Pieter
Published: December 2020

Taking the recent publication of Sebastian Gertz’ translation of three late Platonic Introductions by Elias, David and Olympiodorus as a starting point, this review paper provides an assessment of Gertz’ translation and textual choices. In addition, it also provides an original contribution to the study of these texts by proposing an emendation of David’s text, and by discussing some of the source-texts of the three Introductions and of their parallels in the ancient commentary tradition. One case elaborated on in somewhat greater detail concerns Olympiodorus’ arguments against scepticism.
由文例對比論卜辭「其—祭牲」的句意
Authors: 朱 歧祥
Published: December 2020

本論文強調使用比較方法研究甲骨文的語法，就甲骨談甲骨。一是先由常態的句型分析，對比變異句型的產生原因和彼此的差異，而不是直接由變異句型入手去拆句子; 一是由早期句型分析，透過句型流變來了解晚出句型的特性，而不是單獨的由晚出句例看問題。這種反覆對比的觀察，才能客觀掌握甲文句型的具体用意。本文以晚期卜辭單獨應用的「其—祭牲」句為例，對比大量歲字句的用法，發現它是源出自歲字類祭祀卜辭。正確的理解這類句型，是句前省略了歲字類句意的祭祀陳述句，句後又省略了卜問祭祀宜否、時王安否或雨否等的詢問句，只保留著中間的一段陳述分句。這是目前所見簡略的「其一祭牲」句作為變異句型的演變過程。
Description of Coeliccia natgeo sp. nov. from Central Vietnam with keys to the males and females of the hayashii-group (Odonata: Zygoptera: Platycnemididae)
Authors: PHAN QUOC TOAN , NGO QUOC PHU , TOAN THAI CANH , TUAN VO ANH
Published: December 2020

Coeliccia natgeo sp. nov. is described from central Vietnam (holotype ♂, 18.2708 N, 105.3431 E, Khe Nhop, Vu Quang National Park, Ha Tinh Province, deposited in the Zoological Collection of Duy Tan University, Da Nang City, Vietnam). The new species differs from other members of the hayashii-group by males lacking antehumeral stripes, spots and pruinosity on the synthorax and female having the central part of the posterior pronotal lobe reduced to a small projection. Keys to the males and females of the hayashii-group are provided.
Redescription of the tadpole of rare Giant Torrent Frog Megaelosia boticariana Giaretta & Aguiar, 1998 (Anura, Hylodidae) with comments on natural history
Authors: SICHIERI GUILHERME , MOROTI MATHEUS DE TOLEDO , COSTA FABIANA R. , MUSCAT EDELCIO , NUNES IVAN
Published: December 2020

The Hylodidae genus Megaelosia Miranda-Ribeiro comprises seven frog species that inhabit the Atlantic Rainforest in Southeastern Brazil (Da Silva et al. 2018). Larvae and adults of Hylodidae are commonly associated with lotic streams (Giaretta et al. 1993; Silva-Soares et al. 2015). Tadpoles of all Megaelosia species but Megaelosia bocainensis Giaretta, Bokemann & Haddad are formally described, even though many of these descriptions are restricted to few lines and several anatomical details were overlooked (e.g., Megaelosia lutzae; Izecksohn & Gouvêa 1985). The tadpole of M. boticariana was briefly described by Giaretta & Aguiar (1998) based on a single larva with no measurements or figures. Currently, M. boticariana is only known from its type locality and São Francisco Xavier, both in São Paulo state portion of the Serra da Mantiqueira, Brazil (Muscat et al. 2020). The lack of information, coupled with the rarity of the species, reinforces the importance of taxonomic and natural history data to subside works on other fields. In this context, we present a complete redescription of the external anatomy of the tadpoles of M. boticariana and comment on their natural history.
An Analysis of Green Human Resource Management
Authors: Swetha Merla
Published: December 2020

The goal of this survey is to investigate green human asset the executive’s practices of associations dependent on the present literature. In this rapid developing field, it is commonly seen that the present writing must be expanded extra from the point of view of elements of
individual asset the executives it uncovers that a great part of the olden times analysis concentrated on couple of elements of Human Resource Management, for example, enlistment, preparing and advancement, execution assessment and reward the board in incorporating ecological administration
with Human Resource Management however Human Resource Management has progressively probable and degree in increasing association’s natural execution. Henceforth this audit consolidates various elements of HRM to explore the separate green human resource management rehearses under the
12 elements of HRM, for example, Work configuration, Work examination, Human asset arranging, Enrollment choice, Acceptance, Execution assessment preparing and improvement, Remunerate the executives, Discipline the executives, wellbeing and security the board and representative associations.
The commitment of this analysis lies in expanding the extension and perceptiveness of green human resource management in emerging economic condition execution of association.
Music Generation Using Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: Prashant Krishnan V. , Rajarajeswari S. , Krishnamohan Venkat , Sheel Vivek Chandra , Deepak R.
Published: December 2020

This paper primarily aims to compare two deep learning techniques in the task of learning musical styles and generating novel musical content. Long Short Term Memory (LSTM), a supervised learning algorithm is used, which is a variation of the Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), frequently
used for sequential data. Another technique explored is Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN), an unsupervised approach which is used to learn a distribution of a particular style, and novelly combine components to create sequences. The representation of data from the MIDI files as chord and
note embedding are essential to the performance of the models. This type of embedding in the network helps it to discover structural patterns in the samples. Through the study, it is seen how a supervised learning technique performs better than the unsupervised one. A study helped in obtaining
a Mean Opinion Score (MOS), which was used as an indicator of the comparative quality and performance of the respective techniques.
Effect of Ionosphere on Global Navigation Satellite System and Analysis of the Effects with Real Time Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System Data Positioned at Jain University
Authors: Manaswini R. , Raju G.
Published: December 2020

Global navigation satellites systems provide real time positioning and timing services more efficiently and effectively. The ionosphere is one dynamic layer that affects the communication and remote sensing to maximum extent under different conditions. The ionospheric errors affects
the integrity, continuity, accuracy and availability of satellites of GNSS systems. These effects are basically because of variation in space weather effects. The environmental conditions of the Earth’s ionosphere, magnetosphere, thermosphere which dynamically varies because of sun activities
and consecutively affects activities in space and on the Earth is defined as space weather. In the present paper different reasons for ionospheric layer various are discussed in detail and errors that occur in the GNSS errors are discussed. The real time data of Indian regional navigation
satellite systems are also considered for some prominent duration and how various parameters of the IRNSS data have changed are explored.
A Surveillance on Machine Learning Algorithms and Its Applications
Authors: Sunil Kumar B. R. , Siddhartha B. S. , Shwetha S. N. , Arpitha K.
Published: December 2020

This paper intends to use distinct machine learning algorithms and exploring its multi-features. The primary advantage of machine learning is, a machine learning algorithm can predict its work automatically by learning what to do with information. This paper reveals the concept of machine
learning and its algorithms which can be used for different applications such as health care, sentiment analysis and many more. Sometimes the programmers will get confused which algorithm to apply for their applications. This paper provides an idea related to the algorithm used on the basis
of how accurately it fits. Based on the collected data, one of the algorithms can be selected based upon its pros and cons. By considering the data set, the base model is developed, trained and tested. Then the trained model is ready for prediction and can be deployed on the basis of feasibility.
Review on Different Traditional and Machine Learning Techniques for Irrigation Planning for Crop Yield Prediction
Authors: Sowmya Shree K. M. , Veena M. N.
Published: December 2020

Agriculture is one of the major factors of Indian economy which involves production of crops. Production crops may be food crops or commercial crops like wheat, maize, grams, rice, millets, cotton etc. The productivity of the crops is administered by its weather conditions. Forecasting
the crop yields is a challenging task which needs to be addressed. Several data mining technologies are explored for forecasting the crop yields, yet, solutions are complex and infeasible. This paper presents a review of machine learning techniques for irrigation planning to forecast the crop
yields are discussed. Various machine learning methods like prediction, classification, regression, clustering are discussed. This study brings a need for an enhancement in irrigation planning using machine learning techniques. To increase the productivity rate of the crops, variable analysis
also play a significant part in defining predictive models. Comparative analysis is done on machine learning techniques and its benefits are explored.
Camera Captured Document De-Warping and De-Skewing
Authors: Vinod H. C. , Niranjan S. K.
Published: December 2020

De-warping is the elementary step in the analysis of document images which are camera based. Processing of warped image is a challenging task. Therefore, to make the document images OCR understandable de-warping has become a major task. In this paper, we have presented an effective
pre-processing, de-warping and de-skewing techniques for camera captured document image processing. In pre-processing, we have divided input color document image into R, G and B-band, further convert R, G, B-band to C, M and Y-color space respectively, convert the average CMY grey scale image
to binary by determining threshold value automatically. In de-warping and de-skewing, we have presented an effective techniques to remove geometrical and perspective distortion in camera captured document by combination of centroid and mid-point of bounding box height, bounding box is plotted
on text blocks using connected component analysis technique. The introduced work is robust in correcting geometric distortion and skew correction for standard printed data set and also for Kannada handwritten documents.
Morlet-Kernel Principal Component Analysis Features for Speech Recognition
Authors: Vani H. Y. , Anusuya M. A. , Chayadevi M. L.
Published: December 2020

The aim of this paper is to present the application of Morlet wavelet to extract the speech features in place of MFCC features. KPCA is applied for selecting and reducing the large features obtained from Morlet wavelet. NLMS (Normalized Least Mean Square) filter is used to reduce additive
noise levels ranging from ±5 dB to ±15 dB. Features are modeled using Ensembled Support Vector Machine classification model for FSDD and Kannada multi speaker data sets. The comparative results are discussed over logistic regression model. The proposed model reduces the noise
with 99% of recognition rate for isolated words. The efficiency of ensembled classification model is explored.
A Comparative Study of Image Deblurring Techniques
Authors: Singh Rajbir , Bansal Sumit
Published: December 2020

The method of recovering a true image from degraded one, to analyze that digital image and characteristics with no artifact errors is known as Image Restoration. These techniques are of two types: direct methods and indirect methods. Direct methods are those in which the results of
image restoration are produced in one single step. Indirect methods are those in which the results of image restoration are produced after various steps. This method is termed as blind image deconvolution, when the known info is just the blurred digital image and no info about the (Point Spread
Function) (PSF) or the degrading model. The target of the procedure is to recover both the latent (un-blurred) image and the blur kernel, simultaneously. In this paper, we presented a comprehensive research of image noise model,de-blurring methods, blur types, and a comparative study of various
deblurring methods. We have implemented number experiments to study these methods according to their performance, (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio) PSNR, (structural similarity) SSIM, blur type, and (Minimum Mean Square Error) MMSE.
Empirical Evaluation of Retinal Vessel Segmentation Techniques
Authors: Vijaya Maheswari M. , Murugeswari G.
Published: December 2020

Human eye is made up of millions of blood vessels. Retina is a delicate layer that covers the back portion of the eye. The role of retina is to transmit the light signals into neural signals to the brain which is then interpreted. The interpretation from the brain is converted as visual
perceptions. Blood vessels supply a large amount of blood to the retina. When the level of glucose is high in the blood, the blood vessels in the retina gets damaged. In the advanced stages of damaged blood vessels, it leads to blindness. Various retinal diseases are caused by the damage in
the vessels. One of the most threatening disease in the recent days is Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) in diabetic patients. In this paper, few segmentation techniques like Active Contour model, Thresholding based method and Region Growing methods are implemented. The performance of these techniques
are analyzed in measures of Accuracy, Sensitivity, and Specificity. DRIVE and CHASE_DB1 dataset is used for this purpose. The outcome of this comparative analysis on DRIVE dataset shows that thresholding technique produces an accuracy of 95.06% and sensitivity of 88.30%, region growing technique
produces a specificity of 97.24%, on CHASE_DB1 dataset results show that thresholding technique produces an accuracy of 94.74%, region growing produces an sensitivity of 77.08% and active contour produces a specificity of 97.06% respectively.
Analysis of Machine Learning Approaches for Sentiment Analysis of Twitter Data
Authors: Ramneet  , Gupta Deepali , Madhukar Mani
Published: December 2020

For the past few years, sentiment analysis has been growing rapidly and with the abundance of computation power and plethora of machine learning algorithms, sentiment analysis has found numerous applications and acceptance as research area in machine learning. This paper covers analysis
of sentiment analysis dealing with different aspects of its applications such as customer reviews, product reviews, film reviews, emotion detection, market research or many more such areas. To conduct sentiment analysis, data is extracted from various social media platforms like Twitter, Facebook
etc. The data available on these social media platforms is primarily unstructured, therefore to analyze this data it must be pre-processed, feature vector identified and further implementation of models to trained and tested on different algorithms. There are several algorithms such as SVM,
Naïve Bayes, K-means, KNN, decision tree, random forest and other algorithms, which are used to evaluate and hybrid to improve the efficiency and accuracy of the model.
Electromicrobiology: Microbial Fuel Cells (MTC): Current and Prospects
Authors: Travkin Vasili M. , Lyahovchenko Nikita S. , Senchenkov Vladislav Yu. , Batlytskaya Iriva V. , Solyanikova Inna P.
Published: December 2020

The presented mini-review gives a general idea of microbial electrochemical systems (MES). Possible directions of their practical application are shown. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are a special case of MES. They cause close attention of researchers in connection with their undoubted
prospects in such fields as energy, neutralization of toxic wastewater, synthesis, etc.
Temperature Dependences of the Magnetic Susceptibility of Water-Based Magnetic Fluids
Authors: Dikansky Yury I. , Ispiryan Anna G. , Kunikin Stanislav A. , Zakharzhevskii Maxim , Drozdov Andrey S.
Published: December 2020

This paper presents the results of a study of the temperature dependences of the magnetic susceptibility of water-based magnetic fluids (magnetic colloids) with magnetite particles stabilized by their electrostatic interaction. The average size of dispersed particles was 8 nm, and the
volume concentration of particles in the selected samples under study was 1.4% and 1.6%. The investigations were carried out over a wide temperature range. The temperature dependence of the susceptibility, for the first time, was obtained in the region of the colloidal phase transition under
supercooling of the dispersion medium (water). Significant differences were found between the temperature dependences of the magnetic susceptibility of such magnetic fluids, where as similar dependences have been found for the susceptibility of magnetic hydrocarbon-based fluids. The observed
behavior of such dependences near the water phase transition temperature is determined by the changes in the water phase state, heat release and structuring of the colloid as a result of water crystallization. Moreover, it is suggested that a certain impact on the dependence behavior in the
region of the colloidal solidification temperature can also come from the process of blocking the Brownian degrees of freedom of a small fraction of large dispersed particles. It is concluded that the observed maxima in the investigated susceptibility temperature dependences in the lower temperature
region are due to magnetic transformations in the colloidal zones formed at the solidification front of the disperse medium with a dense packing of single-domain colloidal particles.
A Hybrid Methodology to Extract Decision Rules of Heat and Mass Transfer of the Flow of a Non-Newtonian Nanofluid Towards a Vertical Stretching Surface
Authors: Nabwey Hossam A.
Published: December 2020

In this paper a hybridization of group method analysis, hypergraph Principle and rough set theory is established for extracting a set of rules to investigate heat and mass transfer of mixed convection stagnation point flow of a non-Newtonian nanofluid towards a vertical stretching surface.
First, the mathematical model describing the flow is transformed from a set of partial differential equations (PDEs) into non linear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with the aid of group method analysis. Thereafter, the implicit finite-difference scheme is applied to find the numerical
solutions of the nonlinear ODEs and the numerical values are depicted in tabular form. Then the reduction technique based on rough set is applied to find all reducts of the decision tables. Finally, the principle of hypergraph is applied to determine the minimal transversal of reducts and
mining a set of generalized rules to predict the value of local Nusselt number and local skin-friction coefficient. The results show that the proposed method can effectively predict these values with high accuracy and may be valuable in many engineering applications like power production,
thermal extrusion systems and microelectronics.
Numerical Investigation of Magneto-Natural Heat Transfer in Nanofluid Filled Inclined Enclosure
Authors: Eljamali L. , Sehaqui R.
Published: December 2020

This paper examines the natural convection in an inclined enclosure that is filled with a water-copper nanofluid and influenced by a magnetic field applied normal to the plane of the cavity. The horizontal walls are assumed to be insulated while the side vertical walls of the cavity
are heated differentially. The governing equations are re-formulated in functions of stream function and vorticity. The resulting boundary value problem is solved numerically using an ADI method (alternating direction implicit). A variety of plots showing the velocity and temperature profiles
and the influence of Hartmann number as well as Rayleigh number on the streamlines and isotherms are shown.
Evaluation of the usability of various rapid antibody tests in the diagnostic application for COVID-19
Authors: Uwamino Yoshifumi , Wakui Masatoshi , Aoki Wataru , Kurafuji Toshinobu , Yanagita Emmy , Morita Maasa , Nagata Mika , Inose Rika , Noguchi Masayo , Yokota Hiromitsu , Hasegawa Naoki , Saya Hideyuki , Murata Mitsuru ,   for the Keio Donner Project Team
Published: December 2020

Background

The usability of laboratory tests related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is critically important for the world undergoing the COVID-19 pandemic. The present study aimed to assess the diagnostic usability of rapid tests for the detection of antibody against SARS-CoV-2 through comparison of their results with the results of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 genomic RNA and with the results of a quantitative test for antibody detection.

Methods

Serum samples were collected from 18 patients undergoing RT-PCR testing for SARS-CoV-2. Twelve patients were RT-PCR positive while six were negative. A quantitative test based on chemiluminescent immunoassay and three rapid tests based on immunochromatography were performed to detect anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM.

Results

All the antibody tests exhibited poor sensitivity at the timing of initial RT-PCR diagnosis. IgG responses occurring prior to or simultaneously with IgM responses were observed through not only the quantitative test but also the three rapid tests. Based on concordance with the quantitative test results, the large variance among the three rapid tests was revealed.

Conclusions

All antibody tests were unsatisfactory to replace RT-PCR for the early diagnosis of COVID-19. Rapid antibody tests as well as a quantitative antibody test were useful in the assessment of immune responses in COVID-19. The obvious variance among the three rapid tests suggested limited accuracy and difficult standardization. Diagnostic usability of rapid antibody tests for COVID-19 should be investigated rigorously.
Negative values and variance functions: Implications for statistical analysis
Authors: Sadler William A
Published: December 2020

When reporting concentrations of substances in biological specimens it has been virtually universal practice to suppress negative results, initially by left-censoring negative results to zero and more recently by left-censoring to values such as limit of blank, limit of detection or even limit of quantification. Negative concentrations are obviously nonsensical and current reporting practices place proper emphasis on assisting the clinician. However, it is easily overlooked that negative concentrations are merely artefacts of data reduction and while adjusting them is sensible clinical practice there are potentially adverse consequences for statistical analysis, in particular for those parametric summaries and analyses which rely on reliable estimates of low-end uncertainty. This article puts a case for the availability of negative results, describes complications with respect to estimating variance functions and discusses practical workarounds.
Can Political Trust Help to Explain Elite Policy Support and Public Behaviour in Times of Crisis? Evidence from the United Kingdom at the Height of the 2020 Coronavirus Pandemic
Authors: Weinberg James
Published: December 2020

Trust between representatives and citizens is regarded as central to effective governance in times of peace and uncertainty. This article tests that assumption by engaging elite and mass perspectives to provide a 360-degree appraisal of vertical and horizontal policy coordination in a crisis scenario. Specifically, a multi-dimensional conception of political trust, anchored in psychological studies of interpersonal relations, is operationalised in the context of the United Kingdom’s response to the 2020 coronavirus pandemic. Detailed analysis of data collected from 1045 members of the public and more than 250 elected politicians suggests that particular facets of political trust and distrust may have contributed to levels of mass behavioural compliance and elite policy support in the UK at the height of the COVID-19 crisis. These findings help to evaluate policy success during a unique and challenging moment while contributing theoretically and methodologically to broader studies of political trust and governance.
Melchizedek and the Eucharist? Rediscovering Eucharistic interpretations of the bread and wine in Genesis 14
Authors: Vandergriff Kenneth A.
Published: December 2020

The strange Melchizedek pericope in Gen 14:18–20 garners much attention from scholars seeking the function of the enigmatic priest of the Most-High God. Most scholars brush past the mention of the bread and wine Melchizedek gives to Abram and overlook the early Christian exegetes of Genesis 14 who consider this bread and wine as a preview of the Eucharist found in the body and blood of Christ. This essay seeks to illuminate three of these early Christian authors’ exegeses of Gen 14:18–20 as integral to the historical understanding of the Eucharist. Moreover, this essay seeks to situate Gen 14:18–20 as part of the traditional understanding of the Eucharist and proposes that it should be rediscovered by Baptists.
The Virtuous Act of Feasting as a Cure for Gluttony
Authors: Walk Christopher
Published: December 2020

This article explores how feasting is a virtuous habit that cultivates temperance. To begin, by looking back on the history of extreme fasting and the critiques of it by Jerome and Aquinas, I examine how relying on fasting alone is insufficient for dealing with the vice of gluttony. Next, I distinguish between what feasting is and is not by presenting biblical and modern-day examples and by comparing and contrasting feasting, fasting, and gluttony. Through exploring biblical accounts of the food ministry of Jesus, I show how the virtue of feasting aids in loosening the grip of gluttony on an individual. Finally, I offer suggestions for how the church might properly promote feasting in its worship and discipleship. This article offers the current-day disciple of Jesus a well-rounded approach to pursuing the virtue of temperance that is grounded in how God created humanity and in the example of Jesus.
Long-term course after pediatric right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction
Authors: Junnil Pimchanok , Cheanvechai Chalit , Namchaisiri Jule , Saprungruang Ankavipar , Thitivaraporn Puwadon , Chomvilailuk Mueanthep , Benjacholamas Vichai
Published: December 2020

Objectives

Valved homografts are commonly used for right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction. However, despite good early results, they lack durability. This study was designed to compare single-center results of implantation of 3 types of right ventricular outflow tract conduit, in terms of patient survival, graft failure, reoperation, and risk factors for reoperation.

Methods

One hundred and forty-three pediatric patients who underwent right ventricular outflow tract conduit implantation between January 2006 and December 2018 were reviewed. We stratified conduits by aortic, pulmonic homograft, and Contegra; 74 aortic homografts, 61 pulmonic homografts, and 8 Contegra conduits were implanted. Median age at implantation was 3 years. The primary diagnosis was truncus arteriosus in 41.3%. We analyzed the role of sex, age, diagnosis, and graft size. Endpoints included freedom from graft failure, freedom from reoperation, and survival.

Results

The survival rate was 83.2% at 10 years. Freedom from graft failure at 2, 5, and 10 years was 100%, 97.9%, and 63.4%, respectively. Freedom from reoperation was 85.8% for pulmonic homografts and 74.9% for aortic homografts at 10 years, and 100% for Contegra at 6 years. Multivariable analysis identified conduit diameter <18 mm as a risk factor for reoperation (hazard ratio: 3.16, 95% confidence interval: 1.38–7.23, p = 0.007).

Conclusion

Homograft valves used for right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction provided excellent long-term durability and late survival. The only factor that adversely affected graft longevity was small graft size (diameter <18 mm). Reoperation for conduit failure was not significantly different among the groups.
Representations of Music and Musicians in the Sanskrit Epics: The Rāmāyaṇa and the Mahābhārata
Authors: Gaurh Kaustubh
Published: December 2020

The aim of this study is to understand the ‘idea’ of music that existed in early India in the first millennium bce. Observing the historiographical trends that have emerged in the historical studies of music, it can be seen that there is scarcity of sources to study the kind of music that was practised in this time period. But the approach presented here deals with the traces of music in the literary sources (the Sanskrit epics: the Rāmāyaṇa and the Mahābhārata) which cover the representations of music and musicians. This would help us infer the nature of musical thought that evolved in early India. 1 The objective is to study the relationship between an art form and the society, by looking at ‘art in society’, not ‘society in art’ to see how music was conditioned by early Indian social factors. 2 After discussing the sources used for the study, a range of philosophical, material and societal aspects are addressed by looking at how the societies in early India engaged themselves with music.
Colonising Elephant Hunting in Assam (1826–1947)
Authors: Singh Geetashree
Published: December 2020

Elephant has always played an important role in the history of Assam. Because of its strategic importance, elephant has always been preserved while other wild animals such as rhinoceros, tigers, leopards, bears, wolves, hyenas, wild boars, wild pigs, hogs, wild dogs, deer and bear were hunted for games, and attempts were made at the total annihilation of these animals during the colonial rule. Though the cases of elephant hunting for ivory were not uncommon, it was mostly preferred to be captured for its usefulness. Elephant was not only used for transportation, hauling and administrative purposes, but it was also a very good hunting friend. Because of the strategic importance of the animal, elephant hunting became a monopoly of the British government during colonial rule in Assam. Process of elephant catching and its management was also controlled by the British as it was also one of the important sources of revenue for the British government. The wildlife protection policy in India started with the elephant’s preservation policy of 1879. Thus, elephant plays an important role in the wildlife preservation of India. This article deals with the process of colonisation of elephant hunting, and an attempt has been made to study the management of elephants under kheddah department as well as private lease system, methods of elephant catching, elephant protection policies, conflicts over the access of the animal and revenue from elephants.
A Novel Parent Questionnaire for the Detection of Seizures in Children of Spanish-Speaking Families
Authors: Torres Alcy R. , Camayd-Muñoz Cristina , Alvarado Manuel Christian , Perez Brandon , Pou Jonathan , Hereen Timothy , Jonas Rinat , Douglass Laurie M.
Published: December 2020

Background:

We developed and validated a Spanish seizure screen for children based on a previously validated English seizure screen that could be administered by a trained research assistant in a 2-step process, approximating the clinical diagnostic process of a pediatric epilepsy specialist. This questionnaire was designed to study seizure prevalence in a research population of children at risk for epilepsy.

Methods:

Spanish-speaking parents of children 6 months to 17 years old were recruited from the pediatric neurology clinics at Boston Medical Center and interviewed using a computerized questionnaire. A computerized algorithm of parent responses rendered a seizure classification of positive or negative. Blinded to questionnaire results, pediatric neurologists served as the diagnostic gold standard, ranking each patient event using a 4-level scale based on clinical history and examination: (1) not likely, (2) indeterminate, (3) probable, and (4) almost certain where rankings of 3 or 4 lead to a diagnosis of seizure.

Results:

The questionnaire was completed by 163 enrolled parents. The seizure screen demonstrated a 94.2% sensitivity and 93.7% specificity for identifying seizures. The positive predictive value was 87.5%, and the negative predictive value was 97.2%.

Conclusions:

This pediatric seizure questionnaire was both sensitive and specific for detecting clinically confirmed seizures. This tool may be useful to clinicians and researchers in screening large populations of children, decreasing the time and cost of added neurologic assessments.
The importance of part-time work to UK university students
Authors: Evans Carl , Yusof Zatun Najahah
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this paper is to examine the skills requirements of UK graduate jobs and to compare them to those for part-time jobs typically undertaken by UK university students in order to identify similarities and/or differences between them. A content analysis of 100 graduate jobs and 100 part-time jobs was used as the basis of comparison. The person skills criteria were initially noted for graduate jobs and were then compared to the skills required for the part-time jobs. Quantitative analysis was carried out to determine the relationship between the two sets of skills criteria. Twenty-seven criteria were identified in the graduate jobs. It was found that there was a close relationship between the criteria specified in graduate positions and those for part-time jobs. This highlights the importance of part-time working for university students to gain vital skills to support their graduate job applications. By demonstrating connections between the two types of jobs, this study will hopefully contribute to convincing graduate employers of university students’ work-readiness.
Ethical challenges in home-based care: A systematic literature review
Authors: Heggestad Anne Kari Tolo , Magelssen Morten , Pedersen Reidar , Gjerberg Elisabeth
Published: December 2020

Because of the transfer of responsibility from hospitals to community-based settings, providers in home-based care have more responsibilities and a wider range of tasks and responsibilities than before, often with limited resources. The increased responsibilities and the complexity of tasks and patient groups may lead to several ethical challenges. A systematic search in the databases MEDLINE, CINAHL, and SveMed+ was carried out in February 2019 and August 2020. The research question was translated into a modified PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome) worksheet. A total of 40 articles were included. The review is conducted according to the Vancouver Protocol. The main findings from the systematic literature review show that ethical challenges experienced by healthcare and social care providers in home-based care are related to autonomy and balancing ethical principles, decisions regarding intensity of care, challenges related to priority settings, truth-telling, and balancing the professional role. Findings regarding ethical challenges within home-based care are in line with findings from institutional healthcare and social care settings. However, some significant differences from the institutional context are also highlighted.