bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biaxial tension of a thin plate made of elastoplastic material under the condition of resistance to separation
Authors: Матвеев Сергей Владимирович , Матвеева Алёна Николаевна
Published: January 2021

В работе рассматривается задача определения компонент напряжения при двуосном растяжении тонкой пластины из упругопластического материала. Пластина ослаблена круговым отверстием. В задаче рассматривается случай сопротивления отрыву, σ1 = σ2 = p, σ3 < p, p = const. Решение ищется методом разложения по малому параметру, аналогично работам [1-4]. В работе были получены выражения для определения компонент напряжения в упругой и пластической областях в первом приближении.

The paper considers the problem of determining the stress components during biaxial tension of a thin plate made of elastoplastic material. The plate is weakened by the circular hole. The problem considers the case of separation resistance, σ = σ = p , σ < p , p = const . The solution is sought by the method of decomposition in a small parameter, similar to the works of [1-4]. In this work, expressions were obtained for determining the stress components in the elastic and plastic regions in the first approximation.
Autoconocimiento y autoeficacia en grupos de tercera edad. Región de Salud de Panamá Oeste. Panamá.
Authors: Lopez Sinisterra Lourdes Gabriela , De López Aracelly
Published: January 2021

Introducción: en Panamá, se ha incrementado la población de tercera edad, lo que ha generado transformaciones en salud y seguridad social del país.Objetivo: analizar el autoconocimiento y autoeficacia en la población de tercera edad de los grupos organizados en la Región de Salud de Panamá Oeste.Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal. Fueron aplicadas la metodología de grupo focal, encuestas psicosociales de salud estructuradas y frecuencia de consumo de alimentos protectores y de riesgo, en una muestra no probabilística de 117 adultos mayores de 11 centros de salud.Resultados: se abordó el 100% de los grupos organizados, la edad promedio fue de 69 años, el 76% fueron mujeres y el 24 % hombres. El 97% realizó control de salud y reportaron padecer de enfermedades crónicas. El 95% está satisfecho con lo alcanzado en su vida, el 50% manifestó tener ingresos de 1 a 300 Balboas y el 33%  de los entrevistados cursó primaria completa.De acuerdo al consumo de alimentos, se identificó un alto consumo de alimentos de riesgo para enfermedades crónicas como: azúcares por el 72% y el consumo de sal por el 60 %.  
Conclusión: Los factores psico-sociales y los hábitos de alimentación, influyen en la calidad de vida y longevidad, por tanto, la autoeficacia y el autoconocimiento son fortalecidos al pertenecer a un grupo organizado. El conocimiento generado facilita la revaloración de las actividades dirigidas a promover la salud y calidad de vida en la población de la tercera edad.
Vacunas contra COVID19. Una carrera contra el tiempo
Authors: Sáez-Llorens Xavier
Published: January 2021

La enfermedad conocida con el nombre de COVID19 y su agente etiológico SARSCoV2 fueron identificados a finales del año 2019 en la provincia de Wuhan, China y rápidamente notificados al mundo prontamente después. La pandemia, declarada por la OMS el 11 de marzo del 2020, ha afectado a más de 40 millones de personas en todos los países del planeta y causado la muerte de más de 1 millón de individuos. Para mitigar el impacto del virus en materia sanitaria, económica o social y para alcanzar la inmunidad colectiva de la población global, es evidente que se requiere con urgencia el desarrollo de vacunas seguras y efectivas. El desarrollo de una potencial vacuna se inició desde que la secuencia genética del coronavirus estuvo disponible públicamente y ha progresado a una velocidad sin precedentes. En la actualidad, alrededor de 200 vacunas candidatas cursan etapas de investigación preclínica y más de 40 de ellas ya están siendo evaluadas en seres humanos. Los datos publicados a la fecha sugieren que varias vacunas seguras y potencialmente eficaces estarán siendo aprobadas para su uso comercial a inicios del 2021.
Estresores vinculados a la infertilidad en mujeres y hombres que inician un tratamiento de reproducción asistida en la Clínica de la Pareja Infértil del Departamento de Investigación en Salud Sexual y Reproductiva
Authors: Flores Castro Heydeé , Mendoza Alba , Martinez Ligia , González Itzi , De León Ruth
Published: January 2021

Introducción: La Organización Mundial de la Salud señala que el 8% de las parejas en todo el mundo tienen problemas para concebir hijos. Diversas investigaciones señalan que las parejas que enfrentan la infertilidad presentan alteraciones psicológicas como ansiedad elevada, frustración, ira, pérdida de autoestima y estrés, entre otros. El objetivo general: determinar algunos estresores vinculados a la infertilidad en un grupo de mujeres y sus parejas  que buscan tratamiento de reproducción asistida, con el propósito de tener una caracterización de esta población y poder contribuir a la implementación de un abordaje integral multidisciplinario. Materiales y Método: estudio descriptivo observacional realizado en la Clínica de la Pareja Infértil del Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud.  Se utilizó un muestreo por conveniencia basado en el número de consultas médicas del año anterior al estudio.  Se aplicó el Inventario sobre Problemas de Fertilidad. Para el análisis estadístico, se utilizó el programa Epi Info versión 7.2. Resultados: se estudió un total de 427 personas: 297 mujeres y 130 varones entre las edades de 20 a 51 años.  El estrés global asociado a la infertilidad presenta un puntaje medio de 146.08 con una desviación estándar de 27.70, las mujeres tienen un estrés promedio de 148.15 y los hombres de 141.34, estas diferencias son estadísticamente significativas. De las 5 escalas que mide la prueba solo dos de ellas presentaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas: “Preocupaciones Sociales” y “Preocupaciones Sexuales”. Conclusión: La mayoría de los participantes presentan un Estrés General ligado a la infertilidad moderadamente alto.
Hernia intercostal abdominal con preservación diafragmática de origen desconocido
Authors: Reoyo Pascual José Felipe , Cartón Hernández Carlos , Cabriada García Guillermo , Zanfaño Palacios Jesús , González Prado Cristina , López Rodríguez Beatriz , García Plata Polo Esther , Valero Cerrato Xandra , Alvarez Rico Miguel
Published: January 2021

Las hernias intercostales son muy poco frecuentes y las que han sido reportadas en la literatura muestran un origen traumático. Por ello, presentamos un caso insólito al ocurrir en un paciente sin antecedente traumático conocido además de otros datos peculiares como la presencia de hernia intercostal con preservación diafragmática, asociación muy poco frecuente. El diagnóstico radiológico es fundamental y permite orientar la estrategia terapeútica adecuada. En la mayoría de los casos el tratamiento quirúrgico se basa en la reparación herniaria asociada a la utilización de material protésico que , como en el caso presentado, permiten una buena evolución clínica de los pacientes.
Đánh giá kết quả hóa trị triệu chứng bước 1 ở bệnh nhân ung thư dạ dày giai đoạn tiến xa bằng phác đồ có epirubicin, oxaliplatin, capecitabin
Authors: Nguyen Thi Hong Chuyen
Published: January 2021

Purpose:to study clinical and subclinical characteristics in advanced stage gastric cancer patients and to evaluate response rate, overall survival, progression free survival and toxicities on advanced stage gastric cancer patients treated with first line chemotherapy using epirubicin, oxaliplatin, capecitabin

Methods: A retrospective case series study with 134 advanced stage gastric cancer patients on first line chemotherapy using epirubicin, oxaliplatin, capecitabin recruited from oncology department, the Hospital of Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy and Cancer Center at Hue Central Hospital during January 2015 to June 2019.

Results: Patient’s mean age was 54,9; men/women was 2,52/1. The most frequent clinical symptom reported was epigastric pain 81,3%. KPS 80-90% presented in almost patient (93.3%). The most common site of cancer was pyloric antrum (61,9%). 58,2% patients had distant metastasis disease which liver was the most frequent site. The overall response rate, partial response rate, complete response rate were 49,2%, 42,5%, 6,7% respectively. The median progression free survival was 8,6 ± 0,15 months and the overall survival was 10,7 ± 1,1 months. The pathologic type and combined salvage surgery status were response correlated factors. Grade 3, 4 toxicities in term of hematology, liver and kidney function were only exhibited in a few cases. Patients were tolerated well with chemotherapy. No deaths related to chemotherapy.

Conclusions: This study shows that EOX regimen was safe and effective. As a results, we can apply this for first line pallative chemotherapy on advanced stage gastric cancer which KPS ≥70%.
Đánh giá kết quả xạ trị ung thư amydale bằng kỹ thuật xạ trị điều biến liều tại Bệnh Viện Trung Ương Huế
Authors: Hoang Nguyen Hoai An
Published: January 2021

Introduction: In this study, the authors present the results in application of IMRT technique for tonsil cancer at Hue central hospital.

Materials and methods: Prospective study and retrospective study on 31 patients with tonsil cancer from March 2015 to May 2020 by IMRT technique. Mean age was 62,32 ± 14,31 years old (range: 40-92 years old), 80.6% were male.

Results: The predominant T and N stage was T3 (90,3%), N1 (58,1%) and N2 (25,8%), and well and moderate histological differentiation of the tumor were 81,7%.The predominant stages were III and IVA stages (96.8%). The rate of tumour recurrence was3.2% after 6 months treatment, 14.3% after 12 months treatment, 16.7% after 24 months treatment.The rate of lymph node recurrence was3.2% after 6 months treatment, 9.5% after 12 months treatment, 22.2% after 24 months treatment.The rate of metastatic was 16.7% after 24 months treatment. Grade 2 mucositis occurred in 54.8% of patients due to treatment.Grade 3 mucositis occurred in 32.3% of patients due to treatment.Normal xerostomia was revealed in 14.3% of patients after 12 months treatment, 27.8% of patients after 24 months treatment, 41.7% of patients after 36 months treatment.

Conclusions: The results indicate that IMRT technique provides satisfactory results and should be applicated in treatment of tonsil cancer.
Bất thường nhiễm sắc thể và liên quan tới kết quả điều trị sớm lơ xê mi cấp dòng lympho trẻ em tại Viện Huyết học - Truyền máu Trung ương giai đoạn 2016 - 2019
Authors: Hoang Thi Hong
Published: January 2021

Cytogenetic variables in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) plays an important role in prognosis and risk grouping. Evaluation of early result treatment based on cytogenetic mutations provides data for physicians in treatment options for pediatric patients.

Objectives: Study on characteristics of chromosomal abnormalities and evaluate the relationship with the early result of treatment according to FRALLE 2000 protocol at the National Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion.

Subjects and research methods: This was a prospective study conducted on 188 pediatric ALL patients who were treated at the National Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion from August 1, 2016 to August 1, 2019.

Results: The incidence of chromosomal abnormalities in pediatric ALL patients was 13.8%. Structural abnormalities were more common (57.7% of structural abnormalities alone, 15.4% combined with structural and numberal abnormalities, 26.9% of numberal abnormalities alone). The most common structural abnormality was chromosomal translocations, in which t(9;22) was the most common. Hyperdiploid accounted 90.9% in the abnormal number of chromosomes. The poor prognosis group accounted for a higher proportion in the study. The good prognosis chromosome group had the best treatment results (Overal Survival - OS 12 months reached 100%, Event Free Survival - EFS 12 months reached 80.0 ± 17.9%). The group with the poor prognosis of chromosome: OS 12 was only 66.0 ± 11.3%, EFS 49.4 ± 12.2%. The difference was statistically significant with p <0.01. The normal chromosome group had good OS and EFS for 12 months, 90.4 ± 2.6% and 77.9 ± 3.6%, respectively.

Conclusion: The rate of abnormalities chromosome was low. Structural mutations were more common. Hyperdiploid was mainly seen on numberal chromosome abnormalities. This study found the difference in survival time between the groups according to the chromosome prognosis.
Đảm bảo chất lượng kế hoạch xạ trị IMRT điều trị ung thư vùng đầu cổ dựa vào tập lịch sử quá trình và phép đi trên EPID trước khi xạ trị
Authors: Tran Hoai Nhon
Published: January 2021

For the clinical implementation of a new technique, it is necessary to check the dose calculated by the dose calculation algorithm. The Intensity - modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) technique makes isodoses conform to tumour volume and reduces the dose to the organ at risk (OAR), there are increasing the complexity of it. The purpose of the paper is based on the sensitivity of the Trajectory log file to patient - specific pre - treatment quality assurance test and detecting the leaf position errors of Multileaf collimator (MLC), the gantry angle error, the collimator angle error that are the parameters obtained from the Trajectory log file. Comparing the results of patient - specific quality assurance of accepting the plan between built by Trajectory log file and treatment planning system (TPS) with the results of accepting the plan measured by an electronic portal imaging device (EPID) and TPS in the same tolerance criteria ΔDM/DdM (3%/3mm). Keywords: Trajectory log file, IMRT plan QA, Pylinac.
Điều trị tăng liều Imatinib trên bệnh nhân u mô đệm đường tiêu hoá giai đoạn muộn tiến triển sau điều trị bước 1 liều chuẩn
Authors: Do Hung Kien
Published: January 2021

Objective: Evaluating the result of high-dose imatinib for metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumours after failure standard-dose first line.

Patients and method: Restrospective analysis of 46 patients with metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumours after failure standard-dose imatinib treated with high-dose imatinib at K hospital from 1/2015 đến 10/2019.

Results: Median age was 54.6±9.5, male was 58.7%. The common primary tumor was gastric tumor. The mean time to failure of imatinib standard-dose 400mg/day was 38.2±5.3 months. Liver lesions were the most common lesions progressed after imatinib standard-dose failure (71.7%), primary tumor progressed was 39.1%. There was no patient who had complete response with treatment, the proportion of partial response accounted for 21.7% and stable disease was 45.7%. The clinical benefit rate was 67.4%. The sex-female, primary gastric tumor, good ECOG performance status, neutrophils, hemoglobine and albumin before treatment were the significant prognostic factors affecting the treatment response, p <0.05. The mean time to failure was 22.5 ± 3.4 (months), (min: 2.0; max: 58.0), median was 11.0 months.

Conclusion: Treatment of high-dose imatinib after failure standard-dose 400mg/day showed the efficacy and good tolerance in metastatic GISTs.
A xiameni Gulangyu Közös Koncesszió története a 19–20. századi kínai–külföldi nyelvi és kulturális interakció tükrében
Authors: Hompot Sebestyén
Published: January 2021

The aim of the present study is to introduce the history of the joint concessionterritory located on the island of Gulangyu 鼓浪屿 from the perspective ofSino-Foreign linguistic and cultural interaction. I also discuss the way in whichit was related to the broader linguistic and cultural interaction processes of theSouth China Sea region between the First Opium War and World War II.Apart from the Shanghai International Settlement, the Gulangyu JointConcession was the only jointly administered foreign concession area in themodern history of China. Although it was officially established in 1903, foreign presence was decisive in the island’s history since the First Opium Warand the subsequent opening of Xiamen as a treaty port. Foreign missionariesarriving at Xiamen put much effort into translating Christian religious textsinto the local Minnan (Hokkien) dialect and to create a transcription schemefor it, which led to the formation of the peh-oe-ji romanization method. Thiswas in fact a continuation of a linguistic interaction process initiated onSoutheast Asian colonies, as the first contacts between foreign missionariesand Hokkien-speaking overseas Chinese communities took place there. Inthe second half of the 19th century, Xiamen became a starting point of Chinese mass emigration to Southeast Asia, which in turn led to a large numberof returning overseas Chinese in the early 20th century. The second part ofthe history of the Joint Concession, lasting from the first decades of the 20thcentury until its occupation by Japan, was characterized by the growing influence of returning overseas Chinese and their investment into the culturaland educational development of the island.
A gazdasági és társadalmi fejlődés elősegíti-e az emberek elégedettségének és boldogságának növekedését Kínában?
Authors: Kozjek-Gulyás Anett
Published: January 2021

Whether a society is satisfied or not always provides important informationon the operation of a country, from an economic and political perspective,among others. To what extent can we speak of healthy development of thesociety? How many in this society are dissatisfied with their situation and seethe future prospects for themselves and their families hopeless? The answersto these questions can provide valuable feedback for the decision makers onthe consequences of the decisions they made in the past and are making atpresent. This study utilizes the findings of empirical research carried out inJanuary 2015 in Qinhuangdao 秦皇岛 as a starting point and aims to draw conclusions from the indicators of the level of satisfaction with the performance of the Chinese government – from the analysis of the indicators of happiness and satisfaction – to determine how much the subjective well-beingof everyday Chinese people contribute to the long-term stability of the system of government and the undisturbed operation of China’s political system.
Új irányok a khmer településtörténeti hálózatok kutatásában (Koh Ker, Kambodzsa)
Authors: Belényesy Károly
Published: January 2021

In the framework of the research cooperation agreement between the APSARA and the Hungarian Southeast Asia Research Institute, more archaeological surveys targeted the building complex of Prasat Krachap temple andits close environment in Koh Ker (Cambodia) between 2011 and 2015. These investigations revealed new and significant information concerning the architectural character and quality of the building complex as a partof the special environmental structure of Koh Ker, the former royal center.The general conclusion of last years’ investigations is that the results fromLIDAR surveys of the area basically modify the general picture about KohKer. The LIDAR data provide an improved framework both for the interpretation of the previous results and the planning of future research as regardsthe settlement history of Koh Ker. Thus, the important site must be interpreted as a specific network habitation area. The previous surveys focused onthe distinctive elements of this system, such as individual temples and visible architectural structures, but the areas between the main foci (includingsettlements and industry) remained unknown. Accordingly, the complex webof communication channels (streets, hydraulic systems) and the structuressurrounding the temples (housing, industry) were not explored. However,these aspects can provide important information when interpreting the development and function of Koh Ker. These fundamental details hopefully contribute to the understanding of the extent and character of human intervention to the natural environment, and delineate the development and occupation of the site.
Farkas Ildikó: A japán modernizáció ideológiája
Authors: Umemura Yuko
Published: January 2021

Farkas Ildikó: A japán modernizáció ideológiája.Budapest: L’Harmattan, 2018.
Kultúrhéroszok vagy hivatalnokok
Authors: Kósa Gábor
Published: January 2021

The 17th book of Lüshi chunqiu 呂氏春秋, compiled by Lü Buwei 呂不韋 inthe 3rd c. B.C., comprises two lists of officials who are credited with initiatingcertain cultural phenomena. In this study, I explore the available informationon these 26 individuals (Da Nao 大橈, Qian Ru 黔如, Rong Cheng 容成, XiHe 羲和, Shang Yi 尚儀, Hou Yi 后益, Hu Cao 胡曹, Yi Yi 夷羿, Zhu Rong祝融, Yi Di 儀狄, Gao Yuan 高元, Yu Xu 虞姁, Bo Yi 伯益, Chi Ji 赤冀, ChengYa 乘雅, Han Ai 寒哀, Wang Hai 王亥, Shi Huang 史皇, Wu Peng 巫彭, WuXian巫咸, Xi Zhong 奚仲, Cang Jie 蒼頡, Houji 后稷, Gao Yao 皋陶, Kunwu昆吾, Gun 鯀), and propose a new interpretation of their presence in this earlysource.
A terhesség és magzatkép az Edo-kor második felében
Authors: Csendom Andrea
Published: January 2021

In this paper I analyze primary sources to reveal the image of the fetus inthe second half of 18th century Japan. While discussing the topic in general,I focus mainly on the decrees issued by Matsudaira Sadanobu to reducemabiki (infanticide). Through official texts we can approach not only the imageof the fetus, but also people’s opinion about childbirth and pregnancy. I point out that the Kansei period was a turning point in both the regulations issuedby the authorities and the general image of the fetus shared by commonpeople. I argue that we find the reason of the new mabiki policy of the periodin the Tokugawa shogunate’s social system and economic problems. In thesecond half of the 18th century the regime had to re-evaluate birth controland social welfare. This new political atmosphere clearly influenced people’sideas. The growing interest in children at the timeemerges in Santō Kyōden’sliterary works. Though killing the fetus or the newborn child was a seriousand sad event for the parents, Kyōden could encode the topic in a form thatcould be laughed at. Therefore, reading offered a kind of solution to theconflict that appeared between in the real dangers of giving birth, and theconcrete difficulties of everyday life.
Hamar Imre: A kínai buddhizmus története. Konfuciusz Könyvtár 2
Authors: Pap Melinda
Published: January 2021

Hamar Imre: A kínai buddhizmus története.Konfuciusz Könyvtár 2. ELTE Konfuciusz Intézet;Budapest 2017.
Lovak billogozása Mongóliában és Magyarországon
Authors: Bán Kornélia
Published: January 2021

The aim of this study is to show the similarities and differences in Hungarianand Mongolian traditions and knowledge (from the 15–16th century in Hungary, and the 13–14th century in Mongolia) regarding horse branding. Thebasic points of comparison are the following: owner of the brand, numberand position of the brands on the animal, structure of the shape, function andmeaning of the brand. Although the general aspects of horse brands are similar in both cultures, the highlights and functions differ. The display ofbranding customs is supplemented with the author’s fieldwork conductedbetween 2014 and 2017, documenting two ceremonial branding events inMongolia. Descriptions of these events are published here for the first time.
Sadayakko és Hanako Budapesten
Authors: Doma Petra
Published: January 2021

In the beginning of the 20th century, two celebrated Japanese actresses, Kawakami Sadayakko (1871–1946) and Hanako (1868–1945), visited Budapest. Sadayakko, accompanied by the Kawakami troupe, arrived in February 1902 and performed at the Uránia Theatre. Hanako visited the Hungarian capital twice: in 1908 and 1913. Both of them played in ‘Japanese-style’ performances, which at first seemed traditional and authentic to the Hungarian audience. The most important and spectacular element of these plays was the death scene and the supernatural way the actresses performed this on stage. In the present paper I analyse various kinds of contemporary articles and examine how the two actresses appeared in and influenced Hungarian theatre history. Additionally, through the analysis of the press of the times, I will argue that Hanako’s second visit was less successful than her first or than Sadayakko’s, and show that the audience’s opinion about the authenticity of the performance changed completely.
Future Directions in Japanese Studies in Central and Eastern Europe
Authors: Zentai Judit Éva
Published: January 2021

Selected Essays from the 2018 PhD Workshop in Budapest (A közép- és kelet-európai japán tanulmányok jövőbeli irányai – Válogatás a 2018-ban Budapesten megrendezett PhD Műhelysorozat résztvevőinek írásaiból) Szerkesztette: Papp Melinda Institute for East Asian Studies, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, 2019
A Dhammacakkappavattana-sutta egyik korai kínai fordítása
Authors: Kósa Gábor
Published: January 2021

In this paper I offer the Hungarian translation and commentary of a rather early Chinese translation of the Dhammacakkappavattana-sutta (‘Setting the Wheel of Dhamma in Motion’), one of the most important Buddhist suttas recounting the first sermon of the historical Buddha. This Chinese translation (T02n109: Fo shuo zhuan falun jing 佛說轉法輪經), slightly neglected in previous research, is traditionally attributed to An Shigao 安世高 (2nd c. AD), but I argue that, based on the terminological similarities between this scripture and the Zhong benqi jing 中本起經 (T196), Kang Mengxiang 康孟詳 (ca. 200 AD) would be a more plausible candidate for the authorship.
Az irodalmi többnyelvűség stilisztikai megjelenése Domonkos István: Kormányeltörésben és Tawada Yōko: A követ című műveiben
Authors: Tóth Julianna Nikolett
Published: January 2021

Multilingualism in literature is a well-known and extensively studied phenomenon. Due to the effects of globalization, however, a new complex form of multilingualism has emerged among writers, which can be studied as a linguistically and culturally hybrid literary form. This linguistic hybridity is called exophony. This paper aims to conduct deeper research into this fairly new literary expression and its usage in contemporary literary criticism. First, we examine the etymology, meaning, and usage of exophony, then we analyze its effects on poetic language. The second part of this paper provides some concrete example of exophony as a stylistic device in Yōko Tawada’s The Emissary (献灯使, Kentōshi) and István Domonkos’s Rudderless (Kormányeltörésben). The study finds that – although Japanese and Hungarian have different writing and linguistic systems, and have very few common points in their literary traditions, – exophony shows more or less the same characteristics in both works. This finding provides additional ways to use exophony as a concept in literary discourses.
Susceptibility of multidrug-resistant nosocomial pathogens for the new antimicrobial agents in Jordan
Authors: Wadi Al Ramahi M.D, FIDSA Jamal , Said MaramAbu , Kwaik Rasmieh Abu , Jamal Walid , Jammal Deema Al , Radaidah Nisreen Al , Aqel Amin A.
Published: January 2021

Background

To study resistance rates of multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDR) for new Cephalosporines before their widespread use in Jordan.

Methods

During September 2019 - May 2020, MDR-bacteria were prospectively collected from microbiology laboratories of three hospitals, susceptibility of the extended-spectrum β-lactamases-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL), K. pneumoniae-carbapenemases strains (KPC), carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa (CRPa), carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAb), and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were tested. Demographic details for patients were identified. Antimicrobials evaluated were ceftazidime-avibactam, ceftolozane-tazobactam, and ceftobiprole medocaril.

Results

Non-duplicate 263 MDR clinical isolates were collected from sterile sites; ESBL (128), P. aeruginosa (57), MRSA (37), KPC (22), A. baumannii (11), and CRE (n = 8). The age was dominated by the older age group (Age > 64, Pearson R = 0.985, R2 = 0.969, P = 0.000). Males were 143 and females 107 (P < 0.000). There were (194) isolate from the wards and (55) were from the ICUs. Sources were urine (96), blood (36), soft tissues (49), abdomen (24), URT (14), and osteo-skeletal (12). Clinical diagnoses were: UTI (90). Bacteremia (36), SSTI (45), IAI (23), pneumonia (17), URTI (13), osteomyelitis (11), and diabetic foot (6). The susceptibility of the ESBL-producing bacteria was 100% for meropenem, 99% for ceftazidime-avibactam, and 90% for ceftolozane/tazobactam. P. aeruginosa was, 73% for ceftazidime-avibactam, 62% susceptible to ceftolozane/tazobactam, 62% for meropenem, and 45% to ceftobiprole. CRE was 38% susceptible to ceftazidime-avibactam and KPC 15%, while ceftolozane-tazobactam susceptibility was zero, and 14% for CRE, and 0% for Ceftobiprole Medocaril. A. baumannii was 13% susceptible to ceftazidime-avibactam, meropenem 9%, and 2% for ceftolozane/tazobactam

Conclusion

Ceftazidime-avibactam and ceftolozane/tazobactam may be useful alternatives for the treatment of ESBL-producers and P. aeruginosa, though the MDR-bacteria demonstrated some resistance to the newly introduced agents before their widespread use in the country.
RESILIENCE-COST TRADEOFF SUPPLY CHAIN PLANNING FOR THE PREFABRICATED CONSTRUCTION PROJECT
Authors: Zhang Hong , Yu Lu
Published: January 2021

Delivery of the prefabricated components may be disrupted by low productivity and various of traffic restrictions, thus delaying the prefabricated construction project. However, planning of the prefabricated component supply chain (PCSC) under disruptions has seldom been studied. This paper studies the construction schedule-dependent resilience for the PCSC plan by considering transportation costs and proposes a multi-objective optimization model. First, the PCSC planning problem regarding schedule-dependent resilience and resultant transportation cost is analyzed. Second, a quantification scheme of the schedule-dependent resilience of the PCSC plan is proposed. Third, formulation of the resilience-cost tradeoff optimization model for the PCSC planning is developed. Fourth, the multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO)-based method for solving the resilience-cost tradeoff model is presented. Finally, a case study is presented to demonstrate and justify the developed method. This study contributes to the knowledge and methodologies for PCSC management by addressing resilience at the planning stage.
ON THE NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF TIME-SPACE FRACTIONAL COUPLED NONLINEAR SCHRÖDINGER EQUATIONS UTILIZING WENDLAND’S COMPACTLY SUPPORTED FUNCTION COLLOCATION METHOD
Authors: Karaman Bahar
Published: January 2021

This research describes an efficient numerical method based on Wendland’s compactly supported functions to simulate the time-space fractional coupled nonlinear Schrödinger (TSFCNLS) equations. Here, the time and space fractional derivatives are considered in terms of Caputo and Conformable derivatives, respectively. The present numerical discussion is based on the following ways: we first approximate the Caputo fractional derivative of the proposed equation by a scheme order O(∆t2−α), 0 < α < 1 and then the Crank-Nicolson scheme is employed in the mentioned equation to discretize the equations. Second, applying a linear difference scheme to avoid solving nonlinear systems. In this way, we have a linear, suitable calculation scheme. Then, the conformable fractional derivatives of the Wendland’s compactly supported functions are established for the scheme. The stability analysis of the suggested scheme is also examined in a similar way to the classic Von-Neumann technique for the governing equations. The efficiency and accuracy of the present method are verified by solving two examples.
A WEIGHTED VERSION OF THE MISHOU THEOREM
Authors: Laurinčikas Antanas , Šiaučiūnas Darius , Vadeikis Gediminas
Published: January 2021

In 2007, H. Mishou obtained a joint universality theorem for the Riemann and Hurwitz zeta-functions ζ(s) and ζ(s,α) with transcendental parameter α on the approximation of a pair of analytic functions by shifts (ζ(s+iτ),ζ(s+iτ,α)), τ R. In the paper, the Mishou theorem is generalized for the set of above shifts having a weighted positive lower density. Also, the case of a positive density is considered.
A GENETIC PROGRAMMING APPROACH FOR ESTIMATING ECONOMIC SENTIMENT IN THE BALTIC COUNTRIES AND THE EUROPEAN UNION
Authors: Claveria Oscar , Monte Enric , Torra Salvador
Published: January 2021

In this study, we introduce a sentiment construction method based on the evolution of survey-based indicators. We make use of genetic algorithms to evolve qualitative expectations in order to generate country-specific empirical economic sentiment indicators in the three Baltic republics and the European Union. First, for each country we search for the non-linear combination of firms’ and households’ expectations that minimises a fitness function. Second, we compute the frequency with which each survey expectation appears in the evolved indicators and examine the lag structure per variable selected by the algorithm. The industry survey indicator with the highest predictive performance are production expectations, while in the case of the consumer survey the distribution between variables is multi-modal. Third, we evaluate the out-of-sample predictive performance of the generated indicators, obtaining more accurate estimates of year-on-year GDP growth rates than with the scaled industrial and consumer confidence indicators. Finally, we use non-linear constrained optimisation to combine the evolved expectations of firms and consumers and generate aggregate expectations of of year-on-year GDP growth. We find that, in most cases, aggregate expectations outperform recursive autoregressive predictions of economic growth.
Dust Production from Mini Outbursts of Comet 29P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 1
Authors: Clements Tiffany D. , Fernandez Yanga
Published: January 2021

Here we report on the results of observations of comet 29P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 1 obtained using four telescopes, in three different countries, from 2019 September 25 to 2020 January 19. During the last four months of 2019, comet 29P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 1 exhibited new outburst behavior indicative of small or mini outbursts in which the brightening of the comet lasted from only a few days to more than a week. We used Johnson-Cousins R
C-band multi-aperture photometry measurements to calculate the dust production, via Afρ, the dust production rate, and the dust brightness profile of the comet for each night of observations. During these observations, the brightness of the comet fluctuated significantly multiple times, with notable changes in brightness ranging from 0.41 to 0.71 mag over time periods of only a couple of days to nearly two weeks.
Analyse de l’efficience des écoles primaires sénégalaises à partir de la méthode des frontières stochastiques
Authors: Wassongma Harouna , Seck Fall François
Published: January 2021

L’objet de cette étude est de mettre en évidence le rôle déterminant des conditions d’apprentissage scolaire sur la performance des élèves. Nous appliquons la méthode des frontières stochastiques à un échantillon de 151 écoles primaires du Sénégal. Les résultats mettent en évidence une inefficience des écoles primaires, avec un score d’efficience technique de 86,01 %. Ils montrent aussi le rôle déterminant des facteurs intra-scolaires dans l’efficience de l’élève. Le taux d’absentéisme des enseignants, le salaire de l’enseignant, les retards de paiement expliquent significativement l’inefficience de l’élève. Le niveau de l’enseignant et son expérience déterminent significativement la performance scolaire. Il ressort également que les conditions matérielles d’apprentissage dans l’école et la classe sont déterminantes pour la performance scolaire. L’infrastructure de base de l’école et le ratio manuel/élève affectent significativement la performance scolaire. Toutefois, certaines variables comme le ratio manuel/élève et l’âge (expérience) de l’enseignant sont marquées par des effets de seuil. Codes JEL : C13, D61, H52, I21.
Les rapports à l’école comme rapports à l’État
Authors: Barrault-Stella Lorenzo , Bongrand Philippe , Hugrée Cédric , Siblot Yasmine
Published: January 2021

En France, plusieurs traditions de recherche ont étudié le système scolaire, son essor, et plus particulièrement les inégalités sociales de scolarisation et leurs conséquences en matière de différenciation sociale et symbolique des groupes sociaux. Mais ces études se préoccupent rarement d’examiner comment les rapports à l’école participent de rapports plus larges aux institutions publiques. Ces interrogations n’ont pas non plus été au cœur des recherches sur l’État : les analyses des politiques scolaires ne mettent pas à l’épreuve l’hypothèse de la dimension étatique des rapports à l’école des parents et élèves. Enfin, les recherches consacrées aux rapports « ordinaires » aux institutions, si elles accordent une place déterminante aux ressources scolaires et culturelles, interrogent rarement la portée des pratiques et des représentations liées à la scolarisation sur les rapports à d’autres institutions. Ce dossier entend contribuer à ces questionnements en proposant d’étudier l’école sans oublier l’État et, réciproquement, d’interroger la portée de l’école lorsqu’on enquête sur l’État. L’enjeu plus général de ce dossier est ainsi de placer la socialisation à l’État et les usages sociaux des institutions publiques au cœur de l’analyse des rapports à l’école, pour saisir de quelle manière sont déterminés, construits et façonnés les rapports à l’ordre étatique, aux diverses institutions administratives et politiques qui composent l’État.
En bas à gauche ?
Authors: Siblot Yasmine
Published: January 2021

Cet article se centre sur les groupes situés « en bas, à gauche » de l’espace social et vise à caractériser les composantes scolaires, institutionnelles et professionnelles de leur capital culturel. Fondé sur une enquête ethnographique menée en banlieue parisienne, il propose une analyse centrée sur un groupe professionnel : les agentes des écoles (« agentes d’entretien et de restauration » et « agentes territoriales spécialisées des écoles maternelles »). La démarche adoptée consiste à mener l’analyse de leurs rapports à « l’école » et à « l’État » (c’est-à-dire aux institutions publiques) en observant leurs pratiques et discours à partir de l’espace de travail que constituent pour elles les écoles. La socialisation statutaire et professionnelle de ces agentes comporte une dimension culturelle et symbolique qui les situe bien « en bas, à gauche » de l’espace social, y compris pour les moins scolarisées (comme le montre sur ce terrain le cas d’agentes portugaises). Néanmoins, le capital culturel de ces fractions des classes populaires ne se confond pas avec des ressources scolaires, il recouvre également des ressources institutionnelles et professionnelles. Enfin, du fait de la diversité des trajectoires qui conduisent à ces emplois peu qualifiés du public et de l’importance de la précarité en leur sein, elle s’accompagne d’une hétérogénéité de positionnements moraux et politiques.
Créer des experts à son image. La Commission européenne et les politiques de l’enseignement supérieur
Authors: Dakowska Dorota
Published: January 2021

Cet article analyse les stratégies d’expansion de la Commission européenne à travers la relation entretenue avec les organisations qui représentent différents segments de l’espace académique européen (universités, étudiants, agences d’assurance qualité) dans le processus de Bologne. Il se penche sur les conditions dans lesquelles ces organisations ont été créées et adoubées et la manière dont la Commission favorise, à travers ses financements, l’émergence d’une expertise européenne sur l’enseignement supérieur. Au-delà de l’idée reçue sur la coopération, voire la convergence des politiques de l’enseignement supérieur, l’enquête met au jour les rapports de force et les luttes inhérentes à ce champ transnational, mais aussi la manière dont les critiques – récurrentes – sont euphémisées et contournées. L’attention portée aux trajectoires des membres de ces groupes, à leurs pratiques et aux aspects matériels de leur travail permet de préciser leur contribution à l’action publique européenne.
De la panique morale à la production expertale
Authors: Sallée Nicolas , Décary-Secours Benoit
Published: January 2021

La catégorie de gang de rue construit depuis les trente dernières années au Québec l’image d’une jeunesse présentée comme nouvelle classe dangereuse, issue des classes populaires et des minorités racisées. Émergeant d’abord au sein du champ médiatique à la fin des années 1980, la catégorie a été l’objet d’une importante production criminologique dans la seconde moitié des années 1990, légitimant une réorientation des politiques publiques montréalaises du traitement pénal de la jeunesse. Inspirés par une perspective généalogique, nous décrirons d’abord l’émergence d’une préoccupation médiatique pour les gangs de rue, révélant la manière dont, sur fond de racisme anti-Noir, un consensus a progressivement émergé autour de la nécessité d’agir sur un phénomène dont l’existence même était pourtant initialement contestée. Nous reviendrons ensuite sur l’investissement expertal de la catégorie, mettant en évidence la manière dont son efficacité symbolique a stimulé la production d’un ensemble de travaux criminologiques qui ont contribué à en étendre l’usage sans pour autant lever son flou constitutif. Nous montrerons enfin comment, légitimant la diffusion d’une logique mondialisée de gestion des risques, la catégorie s’est imposée jusqu’au cœur des jeux relationnels qui structurent les pratiques quotidiennes de suivi des jeunes délinquants montréalais.
Bourdieu chez les philosophes
Authors: Deprez Stanislas
Published: January 2021

Sept ouvrages récents présentant des portraits contrastés de l’œuvre de Pierre Bourdieu sont mis en dialogue à travers les thèmes du sujet, des rapports des sciences humaines à la philosophie, de la critique du néolibéralisme, de la race, l’identité et le genre, des perspectives de l’émancipation sociale.
Policy Persistence and Drift in Organizations
Authors: Gieczewski Germán
Published: January 2021

This paper models the evolution of organizations that allow free entry and exit of members, such as cities and trade unions. In each period, current members choose a policy for the organization. Policy changes attract newcomers and drive away dissatisfied members, altering the set of future policymakers. The resulting feedback effects take the organization down a “slippery slope” that converges to a myopically stable policy, even if the agents are forward‐looking, but convergence becomes slower the more patient they are. The model yields a tractable characterization of the steady state and the transition dynamics. The analysis is also extended to situations in which the organization can exclude members, such as enfranchisement and immigration.
Structural Change With Long‐Run Income and Price Effects
Authors: Comin Diego , Lashkari Danial , Mestieri Martí
Published: January 2021

We present a new multi‐sector growth model that features nonhomothetic, constant elasticity of substitution preferences, and accommodates long‐run demand and supply drivers of structural change for an arbitrary number of sectors. The model is consistent with the decline in agriculture, the hump‐shaped evolution of manufacturing, and the rise of services over time. We estimate the demand system derived from the model using household‐level data from the United States and India, as well as historical aggregate‐level panel data for 39 countries during the postwar period. The estimated model parsimoniously accounts for the broad patterns of sectoral reallocation observed among rich, miracle, and developing economies. Our estimates support the presence of strong nonhomotheticity across time, income levels, and countries. We find that income effects account for the bulk of the within‐country evolution of sectoral reallocation.
Intergenerational Mobility in Africa
Authors: Alesina Alberto , Hohmann Sebastian , Michalopoulos Stelios , Papaioannou Elias
Published: January 2021

We examine intergenerational mobility (IM) in educational attainment in Africa since independence using census data. First, we map IM across 27 countries and more than 2800 regions, documenting wide cross‐country and especially within‐country heterogeneity. Inertia looms large as differences in the literacy of the old generation explain about half of the observed spatial disparities in IM. The rural‐urban divide is substantial. Though conspicuous in some countries, there is no evidence of systematic gender gaps in IM. Second, we characterize the geography of IM, finding that colonial investments in railroads and Christian missions, as well as proximity to capitals and the coastline are the strongest correlates. Third, we ask whether the regional differences in mobility reflect spatial sorting or their independent role. To isolate the two, we focus on children whose families moved when they were young. Comparing siblings, looking at moves triggered by displacement shocks, and using historical migrations to predict moving‐families' destinations, we establish that, while selection is considerable, regional exposure effects are at play. An extra year spent in a high‐mobility region before the age of 12 (and after 5) significantly raises the likelihood for children of uneducated parents to complete primary school. Overall, the evidence suggests that geographic and historical factors laid the seeds for spatial disparities in IM that are cemented by sorting and the independent impact of regions.
From Blackwell Dominance in Large Samples to Rényi Divergences and Back Again
Authors: Mu Xiaosheng , Pomatto Luciano , Strack Philipp , Tamuz Omer
Published: January 2021

We study repeated independent Blackwell experiments; standard examples include drawing multiple samples from a population, or performing a measurement in different locations. In the baseline setting of a binary state of nature, we compare experiments in terms of their informativeness in large samples. Addressing a question due to Blackwell (1951), we show that generically an experiment is more informative than another in large samples if and only if it has higher Rényi divergences.

We apply our analysis to the problem of measuring the degree of dissimilarity between distributions by means of divergences. A useful property of Rényi divergences is their additivity with respect to product distributions. Our characterization of Blackwell dominance in large samples implies that every additive divergence that satisfies the data processing inequality is an integral of Rényi divergences.
Formación y análisis termodinámico de inclusiones en metales de soldadura de acero que contienen Ti con diferentes contenidos de Al
Authors: Wang BingXin , Liu XiangHua , Wang GuoDong
Published: January 2021

Se prepararon muestras de metales de soldadura de acero que contienen Ti con contenidos de Al de 0,01-0,085%. Los efectos del contenido de Al en los metales de soldadura sobre la evolución de las inclusiones se investigaron en detalle mediante cálculos termodinámicos junto con microanálisis de sonda de electrones. Los resultados muestran que las inclusiones en el 0,01% de metal de soldadura de Al están compuestas principalmente de ilmenita con más cantidades de (Mn-Si-Al) -óxido y titanial-spinel. Cuando el contenido de Al aumenta hasta un 0,035%, se forma una mayor cantidad de corindón y una pequeña cantidad de pseudobrookita. En el 0,085% de metal de soldadura de Al. En el metal de soldadura de 0,085% Al, la fase de óxido (Mn-Si-Al) desaparece por completo y las inclusiones contienen una cantidad sustancial de corindón, además de una cantidad mínima de pseudobrookita. Ti3O5, MnTi2O4 y MnTiO3 son los componentes principales de las soluciones sólidas de pseudobrookita, titanial_spinel e ilmenita, respectivamente. Titanial-spinel e ilmenita tienen cantidades más altas de Mn, pero niveles más bajos de Ti en comparación con la pseudobrookita.