bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Substitution of Corn Flour and Additional Palm Sugar to Cookies Characteristics
Authors: Dewi Ni Kadek Karina Sari , I Wayan Sudiarta  , I Nyoman Rudianta
Published: July 2022

Cookies are biscuits made from low protein flour, and have a crunchy texture. Corn flour substitute was chosen because corn flour only contains <1% gluten. The main problem faced by corn commodity lies in the low sugar content as energy. To produce cookies that have nutritional value, palm sugar is added, where the constituent sugar is simpler than granulated sugar. This study aims to determine how the effect of corn flour substitution and the addition of palm sugar on the physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics of cookies. The design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CDR) with two factors and two replications, the first factor was corn flour substitution which consisted of four levels, namely 0%, 15%, 30%, 45%. The second factor is the addition of palm sugar which consists of three levels, namely 15%, 20%, 25%. Observations were made objectively including water content, ash content, protein content, fat content, carbohydrate content, crude fiber content and color. While subjectively include, color, aroma, texture, taste and overall acceptance. The results obtained the best formulation of cookies substituted with 30% corn flour and 20% palm sugar with a water content of 6.39%, ash content of 2.45%, protein content of 10.19%, fat content of 29.90%, carbohydrate content 51.08%, and 0.09% crude fiber content.

 

Cookies are biscuits made from low protein flour, and have a crunchy texture. Corn flour substitute was chosen because corn flour only contains <1% gluten. The main problem faced by corn commodity lies in the low sugar content as energy. To produce cookies that have nutritional value, palm sugar is added, where the constituent sugar is simpler than granulated sugar. This study aims to determine how the effect of corn flour substitution and the addition of palm sugar on the physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics of cookies. The design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CDR) with two factors and two replications, the first factor was corn flour substitution which consisted of four levels, namely 0%, 15%, 30%, 45%. The second factor is the addition of palm sugar which consists of three levels, namely 15%, 20%, 25%. Observations were made objectively including water content, ash content, protein content, fat content, carbohydrate content, crude fiber content and color. While subjectively include, color, aroma, texture, taste and overall acceptance. The results obtained the best formulation of cookies substituted with 30% corn flour and 20% palm sugar with a water content of 6.39%, ash content of 2.45%, protein content of 10.19%, fat content of 29.90%, carbohydrate content 51.08%, and 0.09% crude fiber content.
The Effects of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Red Chili Plants
Authors: I Gusti Nyoman Arthanawa  , I Nyoman Astika  , I Ketut Darmawan  , Dewa Putu Semara Yana  , Yohanes Parlindungan Situmeang  , I Dewa Nyoman Sudita
Published: July 2022

Red chili is one of the commodity crops grown in Indonesia. One of the factors that affect the production of red chili plants is fertilization. The application of organic fertilizer affects the yield and growth of red chili plants. This study aims to determine the response of the growth and development of red chili plants to the application of organic and inorganic fertilizers combined with biochar. This study was carried out at the Experimental Garden of the Local Waste Processing Site in Kusamba Village, Klungkung Regency, and the Laboratory of the Agrotechnology Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture Warmadewa University from March to November 2021. Soil and fertilizer testing were carried out at the Soil Science Laboratory, Udayana University. The study used an experimental method, the experimental design used was a one-factor randomized block design with 4 replications/block. The parameters observed were plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, number of fruit per plant, fruit weight per plant, and fruit weight harvested per hectare. Based on the data obtained, the type of fertilizer treatment had a very significant effect on all observed variables except for plant height at 21 DAP per plant, the number of leaves at 21 DAP per plant, and the number of leaves at 28 DAP per plant had a significant effect on the treatment given. The application of NPK fertilizer gave the best results on all parameters except for the stem diameter parameter. On the stem diameter parameter, the application of asri nature fertilizers gives the best result. Control treatment (without fertilizer) gave the lowest yield in all observations.
Potensi Aromaterapi Jeruk Purut (Citrus hystrix DC.) sebagai Adultisida terhadap Aedes aegypti (Linn.) Dewasa
Authors: Putri Luthfia Aridarmiati , Auladwasyasyah Janneta Filza , Ulfiati Zumrotul Ina , Lusiyana Novyan
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Kaffir lime peel (Citrus hystrix) contains essential oil that has insecticidal action. The essential oil of kaffir lime in an aromatherapy diffuser is potent as an insecticide against Aedes aegypti. The aim of this study is to evaluate the adulticidal effect of kaffir lime essential oil in aromatherapy diffuser against Aedes aegypti. This is an experimental study using posttest-only control groups design. The aromatherapy study consists of 1 control group and 4 variation treatment groups (0.1%; 0.05%; 0.025%; and 0.0125%) with 5 repetitions and the number of mosquitoes for each group was 30. Aedes aegypti were put in a 70 cm3 chamber test then exposed to the aromatherapy diffuser. The mortality was observed every hour for 6 hours. Results of the study showed that the highest mortality was found in the 0.1% group which was 87.3%, while the lowest mortality was found at 0.0125% group which was 24.67%. The Probit analysis showed that the LC50 and LC90 values were 0,036% and 0,114%. Conclusion of this study showed that kaffir lime essential oil in aromatherapy diffuser was potential as an adulticide against Aedes aegypti.
Abstrak. Kulit jeruk purut (Citrus hystrix) mengandung minyak atsiri yang bersifat insektisida. Minyak atsiri jeruk purut dalam sediaan aromaterapi diffuser memiliki potensi sebagai insektisida terhadap nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji potensi minyak atsiri kulit jeruk purut sebagai adultisida terhadap nyamuk Ae. aegypti. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan rancangan posttest-only control group design. Uji aromaterapi diffuser terdiri dari 1 kelompok kontrol dan 4 kelompok variasi konsentrasi uji (0,1%; 0,05%; 0,025%; dan 0,0125%) dengan pengulangan sebanyak 5 kali dan setiap kelompok terdiri dari 30 nyamuk. Aedes aegypti dimasukkan dalam kandang uji berukuran 70 cm3 lalu dipaparkan dengan minyak atsiri dalam sediaan aromaterapi diffuser. Kematian nyamuk diamati setiap jam selama 6 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mortalitas tertinggi terdapat pada kelompok uji 0,1% yaitu sebesar 87,3%, dan yang terendah yaitu pada konsentrasi 0,0125% dengan kematian sebesar 24,67%. Uji probit menunjukkan nilai LC50 dan LC90 yaitu 0,036% dan 0,114%. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah bahwa minyak atsiri jeruk purut dalam diffuser berpotensi sebagai adultisida pada nyamuk Aedes aegypti.
COVID-19 Vaccination Among Environmental Service Workers Using Agents of Change
Authors: Ortiz Christine , Shaw Jana , Murphy Sue , Gonzalez Milian Yobel , Kolh John , Rupert Jason , Hanley Samantha , Stewart Telisa M.
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Vaccine hesitancy remains a barrier to community immunity against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Health care workers are at risk both of infection and for nosocomial transmission, but have low rates of vaccine uptake due to hesitancy. This project sought to improve the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine uptake among environmental services (EVS) workers at a large academic regional medical center using a community-based participatory approach (CBPA).
Methods: The CBPA engaged environmental service workers from January 2021 to March 2021. Public health experts and environmental services department leaders developed a 1-hour training for peer lay health educators (N=29), referred to as agents of change (AOC). AOC were trained on COVID-19 infection, benefits of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, and techniques to address vaccine misinformation among their peers. Following the program, we conducted semistructured interviews with the AOC to document their experiences.
Results: Analysis of the semistructured interviews shows that 89.6% of participants (N=26) felt the training was informative; 79.3% of participants (N=23) reported using personal testimony while engaging in discussions about vaccination with their peers, and the majority of participants (N=26, 89.6%) discussed vaccination outside of the workplace in other community settings. During the 2-month time span of the program, mRNA COVID-19 vaccination rates among the EVS staff increased by 21% (N=126 to N=189).
Conclusion: Our CBPA program demonstrated an increase in mRNA COVID-19 vaccine uptake through using an AOC lay health educator model. As the need for COVID-19 vaccination continues, we must continue to investigate barriers and sources of hesitancy in order to address these through tailored interventions.
FIRO-B and situational leadership model: A correlational context of Middle Eastern business leadership
Authors: Gaur Deepika , Katuse Paul
Published: July 2022

The study is about the dimensions of interpersonal needs and aspects of leadership behaviour. It was a correlational study and used a standardized fundamental interpersonal relations orientation-behaviour (FIRO-B) and situational leadership questionnaire. The study was conducted over a period of 4 months and had drawn 200 respondents from the three levels of administration in an organisation’s hierarchy from different firms in the UAE chosen randomly. The main tool of data collection was a structured questionnaire whose acceptability rate was 0.76 as per Cronbach’s alpha. The research questions translated into objectives that guided the study were four, these were to find out directing related to FIRO-B parameters, to establish the relationship between coaching and FIRO-B parameters, to find out how supporting relates to FIRO-B parameters and establish how delegating is related to FIRO-B parameters. The findings were that directing has a near-perfect positive correlation with expressed control (EC) and wanted control (WC) (0.99). Coaching had a high correlation with WC (0.89). Supporting highly correlation with both expressed affection (EA) and wanted inclusion (WI) (0.99 and 0.88). Delegating had a very strong positive correlation with expressed inclusion (EI) (0.99) and a low positive correlation with EA (0.17). It concluded that different leadership dimensions correlate with FIRO-B elements at different levels
Challenges and forward-looking roles of forensic accounting in combating money laundering: Evidence from the developing market
Authors: Shbeilat Mohammad K. , Alqatamin Rateb Mohammad
Published: July 2022

The spread of money laundering operations and their negative effects on the national economy is a global challenge. Jordan, in which the overall risk of money laundering was assessed to be high (National Anti-Money Laundering and Terrorism Financing Committee [NAMLTFC], 2020), aims to intensify efforts to combat money laundering operations. This study shed light on the role of forensic accountants in combating money laundering, in addition to highlighting potential obstacles they face in performing their duties. The study employed a concurrent mixed method approach that data collection for both the questionnaire and the interviews was conducted simultaneously. The analysis of the study revealed that forensic accounting techniques contribute to combating money laundering operations. The findings also suggest that to better achieve this goal, forensic accountants must be familiar with contemporary techniques in data collection, process, and analysis. In addition, the study revealed several obstacles that limit the desire to work as forensic such as the disproportion of fees with the effort expended especially when the litigation period extends for several years, and loss of time due to non-attendance of witnesses to court. Given that draft companies law mandates companies to declare the real beneficiaries, regulators can invest the insights gained from this study to enhance anti-money laundering cooperation with the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) by considering giving auditors greater power in examining related-party transactions (IAASB, n.d.) to better identifying real beneficiaries.
Estimating water fluxes in the critical zone using water stable isotope approaches in the Groundnut and Ferlo basins of Senegal
Authors: Diongue Djim M.L. , Stumpp Christine , Roupsard Olivier , Orange Didier , Do Frederic C. , Faye Serigne
Published: July 2022

Knowledge of the water fluxes within the soil-vegetation-atmosphere
system is crucial to perform and evaluate sustainable water management
practices in semi-arid regions. To implement reliable approaches for
estimating water fluxes, the quantification of evaporation (E
), transpiration (T ) and groundwater
recharge (R) are essential. In this present study, we quantify the water
fluxes using different stable isotopes approaches in two ecogeographic
zones namely Senegal’s Groundnut basin and the Ferlo. These approaches
tested during year 2021 pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon seasons
are based on: (i) steady-state isothermal evaporation model for
quantifying E ; (ii) water and isotope mass balance to
partition E and T for Arachis
hypogaea L and Heteropogon contortus; and (iii) piston
displacement method for estimating R. Results showed that the isotopic
signatures of soil water samples were more depleted than rainfall at
both sites and values scattered into two zones: (1) shallow soil water
(0-150 and 0-100 cm depth at Groundnut basin and Ferlo) characterised by
variable values due to the influence of evaporation and rainfall
infiltration; and (2) deep soil water where isotopic signatures were
constant over time. The E losses from the isothermal
model ranged from 8.1-32.1 and 7.6-42.7 mm y in the
Groundnut basin and Ferlo sites. The partitioning of E
and T rates for groundnut was E =
0.01-0.69 mm d , T =0.55-2.29 mm d
and for pasture E = 0.02-0.39 mm d
, T =0.9-1.69 mm d
. Moreover, ET derived from the
isotope approach was similar to eddy covariance measurement and the
results from a previous calibrated HYDRUS-1D model in the Groundnut
basin experiment. The computed groundwater recharge was 4.2 mm y
, less than 2% of annual precipitation in the
Groundnut basin. Stable isotope approaches showed valuable data for
understanding and quantifying regional hydrological processes and hence
may be applicable for sustainable water management practices in arid and
semi-arid regions.
Slot Loaded Patch Antenna for communication in L --and S- Band
Authors: Bordoloi Anup , Saikia Parimita , Borah Manik , Sarma Bhairab
Published: July 2022

A slot loaded rectangular antenna is designed to resonate at two
distinct frequencies. Initially, the antenna is designed using high
frequency simulation software CST microwave Studio. The antenna is
designed by introducing one slot near center and other slots on both
side of the central slot, placed diagonally, to observe frequency
variation leading to tuning the designed frequency. Addition of slots on
the patch with variations in feed point location shows dual frequency
tuning behavior at two resonant frequencies. Variations of the slot
distance with respect to each other along with changing the feed point
location is studied with tuning of the resonant frequency within the
same band (L and S -Band). Both simulated and measured results indicate
that RL values are not degraded thus performance of the antenna is not
disturbed with dual frequency behavior of the antenna with tuning of the
frequency/ frequencies.
Untangling the Effects of Seasonality and Post-Fire Stream Channel Erosion on the Hydrologic Response of a Burned Mountain Catchment
Authors: Gieschen Michael , Nelson Peter
Published: July 2022

Stream channel incision and deposition are common after wildfire, and
these geomorphic changes may impact runoff mechanisms and the
composition of pre-event and event water in runoff. To investigate this,
we monitored discharge and electrical conductivity at 6 nested sites
within a 15.5 km watershed in the northern Colorado
Front Range that had recently burned, experienced large flooding, and
well-documented and significant channel erosion and deposition. Over the
study period, the watershed experienced seven precipitation events. For
each hydrograph, we separate baseflow from runoff using a new method to
characterize and account for the strong diurnal signal in the baseflow.
Electrical conductivity is used as a tracer in a two-component
end-member mixing analysis to separate the event hydrographs into event
and pre-event water. Correlation coefficients were computed between key
variables of the hydrologic response (such as runoff ratio, volumes of
event and pre-event water) to storm and basin characteristics (including
stream channel erosion/deposition, fraction of high/moderate burn
severity, precipitation intensity, and antecedent precipitation). The
strength and significance of correlations was found to vary seasonally.
In the early season, event and pre-event volumes did not vary
significantly with basin or storm characteristics. In the late season,
antecedent precipitation correlated with a decrease in event runoff (R
= 0.34) and total runoff (R =
0.40), increased precipitation intensity correlated with an increase in
event runoff (R = 0.48), and local erosion
correlated with an increase in pre-event runoff (R =
0.60) and total runoff (R = 0.53). These findings
indicate that seasonality and post-fire stream channel erosion influence
the makeup of runoff response, most likely through their impact on the
gradient of the near-stream groundwater table.
Increase in Sweat Chloride Concentration Is Associated with a Higher Risk of CFSPID to CF Reclassification
Authors: Salinas Danieli , Ginsburg Daniella , Wee Choo Phei , Saeed Muhammad , Brewington John
Published: July 2022

Objectives: Universal implementation of cystic fibrosis (CF)
newborn screening (NBS) has led to the diagnostic dilemma of infants
with CF screen positive, inconclusive diagnosis (CFSPID), for which
there is limited guidance regarding prognosis and standardized care.
Rates of reclassification from CFSPID to CF vary and risk factors for
reclassification are unknown. We investigated whether clinical
characteristics are associated with risk of reclassification from CFSPID
to a CF diagnosis. Methods: Children with a positive CF NBS
were recruited from two sites in California. Retrospective,
longitudinal, and cross-sectional data were collected. A subset of
subjects had nasal epithelial cells collected for CFTR functional
assessment. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the risk
of CFSPID-to-CF reclassification. Results: A total of 112
children completed the study (CF=53, CFSPID=59). Phenotypic
characteristics between groups showed differences in pancreatic
insufficiency prevalence, immunoreactive trypsinogen (IRT) levels, and
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PSA) colonization. Spirometry measures
were not different between groups. Nasal epithelial cells from 10
subjects showed 7-30% of wild type (WT)-CFTR function in those who
reclassified and 27-67% of WT-CFTR function in those who retained the
CFSPID designation. Modeling revealed that increasing sweat chloride
concentration (sw[Cl ]) and PSA colonization were
independent risk factors for reclassification to CF.
Conclusion: Increasing sw[Cl ] and
history of PSA colonization are associated with risk of reclassification
from CFSPID to CF in a population with high IRT and two CFTR
variants. Close follow-up to monitor phenotypic changes remains critical
in this population. The role of CFTR functional assays in this
population requires further exploration.
The influence of the application of different plant aqueous extracts on grain and protein yield in soybean production
Authors: Abdurhman Asma , Mamlic Zlatica , Dozet Gordana , Cvijanovic Gorica , Djukic Vojin , Bajagic Marija , Cvijanovic Vojin
Published: July 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of aqueous extracts
of different plant species on the grain and protein yield of soybean. The
testing was conducted at the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi
Sad on the seeds of the NS Apolo variety. The aqueous extracts of the
above-ground part of nettle, the above-ground part of nettle and comfrey,
whole banana fruit, banana peel, onion bulbs leaves, the top parts of willow
twigs and the top parts of soybean plants were foliarly applied. In addition
to the untreated control variant, the experiment also included a distilled
water control. Control with distilled water was to show whether the effect
of aqueous plant extracts was due to plant material or just water. The
results of the experiment showed that the use of aqueous extracts
contributed to the increase in grain and protein yield. The increase in
grain yield ranged from 9.48% to 15.34%, and the increase in protein yield
from 9.31% to 16.16%. The best effect was achieved by applying the aqueous
extract of the whole banana fruit and the aqueous extract of the mix of
nettle and comfrey. By applying them each year, a significantly higher yield
was achieved in relation to the control with distilled water.
Tribological performance of Ni-W/PTFE composite coating via pulse electrodeposition
Authors: Karadag Arif , Duru Erhan , Uysal Mehmet , Akbulut Hatem , Coban Aslan
Published: July 2022

The Ni-W/PTFE co-depositions were successfully prepared on steel via pulse
electrodeposition methods. Electrodeposition was perform by dispersing 5-20
g/L PTFE particles from Ni-Watt bath. The surface morphology, phase analyses
crstalytallite size, distorsion and hardness of the samples were
characterized by SEM, XRD, and Vicker?s microhardness tester. The friction
coefficient of the coatings were carried out using CSM microtester. As
increasing with the concentration of the PTFE in the solution, the wear
resistance properties of theco-depositions were increased. These
experimental results determined that the PTFE concentration of 15 g/L in the
electrolyte was the optimum content to obtain the best micro-structure and
wear performance.
Autoclave device exergy and energy analysis in hospital sterilization units
Authors: Sahin Mehmet
Published: July 2022

One of the biggest problems in the world and in our country is energy. Energy
use in Turkey is increasing gradually. As a result, an economic burden is
created on the country with energy dependent on foreign sources. For this
reason, energy should be used in the most efficient way to reduce energy
costs and environmental impacts. It is one of the places where energy use is
high in hospitals operating on a 24-hour basis. In this study, exergy and
energy analysis of autoclave devices in the sterilization unit of Isparta
Suleyman Demirel University Research and Appli?cation Hospital were made and
the energy recovery potential was evaluated. As a result of the
calculations, the average exergy loss of the autoclave was found to be
1.0376 kW, and as a result of the energy analysis, the average loss in the
boiler was found to be 0.117655 kW. Similarly, the energy and exergy
efficiency of the autoclave were calculated as 10% and 89.75%, respectively.
Magneto-electrically induced vibration control of a plate contacted with fluid
Authors: Yildirim Kenan , Simsek Mehmet
Published: July 2022

In this paper, magneto-electrically induced vibration control of a
magneto-electro-elastic plate in contact with fluid is studied by means of
maximum principle. The performance index functional to be minimized at the
predetermined control duration is considered as a modified kinetic energy of
the magneto-electro-elastic plate and it is defined as a weighted quadratic
functional of displacement and velocity and also includes as a penalty
function of the control force spent in control duration. Two numerical
examples are presented and results indicate that introduced control
algorithm for damping the vibrations due to magneto-electric load on
magneto-electro-elastic plate is very robust and effective
Consistent Effects of Hypoglycemia on Cognitive Function in People With or Without Diabetes
Authors: Verhulst Clementine E.M. , Fabricius Therese W. , Nefs Giesje , Kessels Roy P.C. , Pouwer Frans , Teerenstra Steven , Tack Cees J. , Broadley Melanie M. , Kristensen Peter L. , McCrimmon Rory J. , Heller Simon , Evans Mark L. , Pedersen-Bjergaard Ulrik , de Galan Bastiaan E.
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVE

Hypoglycemia poses an immediate threat for cognitive function. Due to its association with acute cognitive impairment, the International Hypoglycemia Study Group (IHSG) defines a blood glucose level <3.0 mmol/L as “level 2 hypoglycemia.” In the current study we investigated whether having diabetes, type of diabetes, or hypoglycemia awareness moderates this association.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Adults with type 1 diabetes with normal (n = 26) or impaired (n = 21) hypoglycemic awareness or with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes (n = 15) and age-matched control subjects without diabetes (n = 32) underwent a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic-hypoglycemic glucose clamp (2.80 ± 0.13 mmol/L [50.2 ± 2.3 mg/dL]). At baseline and during hypoglycemia, calculation ability, attention, working memory and cognitive flexibility were measured with the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT) and the Test of Attentional Performance (TAP).

RESULTS

For the whole group, hypoglycemia decreased the mean ± SD proportion of correct answers on the PASAT by 8.4 ± 12.8%, increased reaction time on the TAP Alertness task by 32.1 ± 66.6 ms, and increased the sum of errors and omissions on the TAP Working Memory task by 2.0 ± 5.5 (all P < 0.001). Hypoglycemia-induced cognitive declines were largely irrespective of the presence or type of diabetes, level of symptomatic awareness, diabetes duration, or HbA1c.

CONCLUSIONS

IHSG level 2 hypoglycemia impairs cognitive function in people with and without diabetes, irrespective of type of diabetes or hypoglycemia awareness status. These findings support the cutoff value of hypoglycemia <3.0 mmol/L (<54 mg/dL) as being clinically relevant for most people with diabetes.
Lower mortality in distal femoral fractures in the presence of a knee arthroplasty: an observational study on 2,725 fractures from the Swedish Fracture Register
Authors: Hernefalk Björn , Brüggemann Anders , Mohammed Jabbar , Mukka Sebastian , Wolf Olof
Published: July 2022

Background and purpose: Distal femoral fractures (DFF) in older patients have mortality rates comparable to fractures of the proximal femur. An ageing population combined with an increasing number of patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) will make periprosthetic distal femoral fractures (pDFF) more common. We investigated whether a pre-existing TKA influences mortality rates.Patients and methods: All patients ≥ 60 years registered in the Swedish Fracture Register with a DFF sustained between March 20, 2011 and December 31, 2020 were included. The study cohort comprised 2,725 patients, of which 650 had a pDFF. Unadjusted 90-day and 1-year mortality was estimated via Kaplan–Meier survival curves. A Cox regression model adjusted for age, sex, and treatment modality was used to investigate the association between DFF or pDFF and mortality.Results: Mean age was 80 years and 82% were females. The most common injury mechanism was a simple fall (75%). The pDFF and DFF group were similar with regards to age, sex, and trauma mechanism. Unadjusted 90-day and 1-year mortality was 11% (95% CI 10–12) and 21% (CI 19–23), respectively. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis demonstrated a slightly lower mortality for pDFFs, especially in patients ≤ 70 years. The Cox regression model showed a lower hazard ratio (HR) for mortality in the pDFF group (HR 0.82, CI 0.71–0.94).Interpretation: In a large cohort of patients ≥ 60 years with a distal femoral fracture, mortality rates at 90 days and 1 year post-injury were 11% and 21%, respectively. Periprosthetic fractures were associated with a lower mortality.
Periphyton responses to enrichment and nutrient dilution in two mesocosm experiments in a shallow hypereutrophic reservoir
Authors: Carneiro Ruan de Oliveira , Ferragut Carla
Published: July 2022

Periphyton can contribute to maintaining oligotrophic conditions in restored shallow lakes and reservoirs. In two mesocosm experiments, we evaluated the periphyton responses to enrichment and nutrient dilution in a hypereutrophic reservoir. Effects of the isolated and combined N and P enrichment and dilution levels on periphyton biomass and structure on artificial substrate were investigated. For colonization of periphyton, glass slides were exposed for 14 days (enrichment experiment) and 21 days (dilution experiment) at 20 cm deep. We monitored the effects of N and P enrichment and dilution on the algal biomass, density, and species composition in the periphyton. P was a primary limiting factor for periphyton development. Periphyton algal density and biomass increased in response to combined and isolated P enrichment. Only the 75 % dilution had a positive and significant effect on biomass and algal density in the periphyton. In both mesocosm experiments, the periphyton structure changed, with Nitzschia palea (Kutz.) Smith responding positively to P enrichment and negatively to dilution. Achnanthidium minutissimum Complex becoming dominant following 50 % and 75 % eutrophic water dilution. Our results suggest that major environmental changes are necessary for a heterogeneous algal community structure in the periphyton in hypereutrophic con¬ditions. We conclude that, after a restoration process that reduces P-competition with phytoplankton and shading, periphyton can become an important primary producer in a hypereutrophic reservoir.
Changes in Thiols Indicators in the Lens of the Eye of White Rats under the Exposure of Radiation during Operation of a Cellular Mobile Phone
Authors: Ash Ibragimov
Published: July 2022

The results of previous work carried out at the Laboratory of Biophysics of Cellular Metabolism of the Institute of Physiology named after A.I. Karaev, which concerned the study of the effect of EMR on LPO processes and the antioxidant system in visual structures, pointed to the oxidative nature of the implementation of EMR exposure. Since thiol compounds in living tissues primarily interact with peroxide products, it was assumed that the effect of EMR should be reflected in the thiol content of the lens. For this purpose, a group of white outbred rats (40 species, half of which were identified as the control group) were studied, which were daily irradiated with EMR from a working cell phone. On the 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th day of the experiment, 5 animals from the experimental group and 5 animals from the control group were slaughtered. The lens of the eye was removed from the animals, in which the level of thiols was determined according to the modified Lindsey-Sedlak method based on the Ellman method. The results of the study showed that common and readily available (cytoplasmic) thiols in the nucleus of the lens of the eyes of rats irradiated with mobile phone EMR, in general, have similar dynamics of quantitative changes depending on the duration of exposure. Hidden thiols behave similarly. In the lens cortex, the nature of changes in thiols is not so pronounced, but generally similar to the results in the nucleus. The authors believe that these results may indicate the antioxidant properties of thiols in LPO reactions.
Gauge Invariance in Counting and Combinatorics
Authors: K Koustubh
Published: July 2022

There is perhaps no part of mathematics that is more intimately connected with everyday experiences than probability theory and statistics. The element of chance dominates the physical world. Probability is the heart of physics, in particular – quantum physics. At the probability theory lies combinatorics. We make an observation in the combination of n objects taken r objects at a time. We find a sort of combinatorial gauge invariance hidden there in that the combination of n objects taken r at a time or n-r at a time is the same. It has been argued that the Pauli Exclusion Principle is not a principle or cause at all; rather it is an effect of the combinatorics which essentially delivers the Fermi Dirac Statistics. We explore the consequent applications in quantum mechanics and field theory with particle statistics.
Management of Tomato Damping-off Disease in the Nursery Using of Trichoderma asperellum
Authors:   Dept. of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture Chaudhary Charan Singh, Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana (125 004), India, Kumhar Kishor Chand , Kumar Kuldeep ,   Dept. of Vegetable Science, College of Agriculture Chaudhary Charan Singh, Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana (125 004), India, Arora Indu ,   Dept. of Vegetable Science, College of Agriculture Chaudhary Charan Singh, Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana (125 004), India, Bhatia Arun Kumar ,   Dept. of Vegetable Science, College of Agriculture Chaudhary Charan Singh, Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana (125 004), India, Batra Vinod Kumar ,   Dept. of Vegetable Science, College of Agriculture Chaudhary Charan Singh, Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana (125 004), India, Raj Hans ,   Dept. of Vegetable Science, College of Agriculture Chaudhary Charan Singh, Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana (125 004), India
Published: July 2022

The study was conducted during 2018−19 and 2019−20 to evaluate effectiveness of the Trichoderma asperellum liquid formulation for the management of tomato damping-off in the nursery. The experiment was conducted for two consecutive seasons in a randomized block design with seven treatments and three replications. T. asperellum formulation improved seed germination and controlled the damping-off diseases in tomatoes when compared with control. All the treatments performed better over control, in the first season, the antagonist’s application showed 75.75% seed germination; however, it was 60.13% in control. There was 10.93 to 20.38% seedling mortality due to disease which was comparatively lower than the control (26.98%). A similar trend of seed germination and disease incidence was observed in the second season. In addition to managing the disease, the antagonist certainly promoted vegetative growth which was reflected as increased shoot and root length in comparison to control during both seasons. During the first season, shoot length ranged 10.90–12.85 cm as compared to the control (8.72 cm) and root length ranged from 3.21–3.65 cm which was greater than the control. Almost a similar trend in the vegetative growth parameters of seedlings was observed during the second season. The present investigation showed that the tested antagonist’s formulation could efficiently manage the tomato damping-off as well as encouraged the vegetative growth of seedlings which ultimately ensured better and healthy seedling. This formulation can successfully be used through different methods to take care of tomato damping off.
A Study of Growth Rate and Seed Yield in Ocimum basilicum Germplasms
Authors:   College of Horticulture, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Mandsaur, M.P. (458 001), India, Meena K. C. , Patel J. ,   College of Horticulture, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Mandsaur, M.P. (458 001), India, Naruka I. S. ,   Deputy Director Research, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior, M.P. (474 002), India, Haldar Ajay ,   College of Horticulture, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Mandsaur, M.P. (458 001), India, Patidar D. K. ,   College of Horticulture, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Mandsaur, M.P. (458 001), India, Soni Nitin ,   College of Horticulture, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Mandsaur, M.P. (458 001), India
Published: July 2022

The present field experiment was conducted at department of Plantation, Spices, Medicinal and Aromatic Crops, College of Horticulture, Mandsaur in simple Randomized Block Design during 2019-20. This investigation was carried out with twenty germplasms obtained from ICAR-AICRP on MAP, college of Horticulture, Mandsaur. The analysis of variance revealed significant difference in all the growth parameters among the germplasms. However, G19 IC-0622541 recorded maximum leaf area (244.50, 1297.09, 4977.09, 7492.67 and 11461.17 cm2 plant-1), leaf area index (0.321, 1.307, 3.425 and 3.949) and leaf area duration (25.69, 104.57, 273.97 and 315.90 cm2 day-1) during all the growth intervals. While, crop growth rate (0.060, 0.422 g cm-2 day-1) and relative growth rate (0.052, 0.117 g g-1 day-1) were higher till 120 days after transplanting in G19 IC-0622541 but in later stages to harvest G11 IC-0622533 was superior in crop growth rate (1.896, 0.340 g cm-2 day-1) and relative growth rate (0.152, 0.108 g g-1 day-1). G14 IC-0622536 had maximum seed yield (29.57 g plant-1) among the germplasms.
Assessment of Constraints Faced by Farm Women in Adaptation Strategies towards Climate Change
Authors:   Dept. of Extension Education and Communication Management, College of Community Science, Swami Keshwanand  Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner, Rajasthan (334 006), India, Pandey A. , Arya P. ,   Dept. of Extension Education and Communication Management, College of Community Science, Swami Keshwanand  Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner, Rajasthan (334 006), India
Published: July 2022

The present study was conducted in Bikaner district of Rajasthan during 2020–21 to identify constraint faced by farm women in adaptation strategies towards climate change. The district is surrounded by Sri Ganganagar district to the North and lies in the Thar Desert. The study was conducted with sample size of 280 farm women. A total of two Panchayat Samities were selected by lottery method i.e., Khajuwala and Kolayat. Thus, a total of four Gram Panchayats was selected for the study. Further, two villages from each Gram Panchayat were selected by simple random sampling method. Hence, a total of eight villages were selected for the present study purpose. Further, Thirty five farm women from each (eight) villages will be selected for the final sample size of the study through random sampling. The primary data was collected personally with the help of an interview schedule which was prepared to identify the socio-economic characteristics, communication characteristics and constraints. Ranking method was used based on percentage of the constraints for the analysis of data. Overall twenty six constraints were listed out. The results of the present study revealed the major constraints faced by farm women which were inadequate/ limited knowledge concerning climate change and adaptation measures and lack of access to weather forecasting technology (Rank I), Lack of training programs on adaptation to climate programs (Rank II), Lack of knowledge about government policies/programs and poor extension services related to climate change assigned Rank III.
Effect of Biofertigation and Chemical Fertilizers on Yield Attributes and Yield of Rabi Maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors:   Dept. of Agronomy (Water Management), Water Technology Centre, College of Agriculture, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University (PJTSAU), Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana (500 030), India, Kiran A. Sai , Kumar K. Avil ,   Dept. of Agronomy, Water Technology Centre, College of Agriculture, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University (PJTSAU), Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana (500 030), India, Devi M. Uma ,   Dept. of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry Research, Regional Agricultural Research Station(RARS), Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University (PJTSAU), Polasa, Jagtial, Telangana (509 215), India, Naik B. Balaji ,   Dept. of Agronomy, Agro Climate Research Centre, ARI, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University (PJTSAU), Rajendranagar, Hyderabad Telangana (500 030), India, Triveni S. ,   Dept. of Agricultural Microbiology & Bioenegry, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University (PJTSAU), College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana (500 030), India
Published: July 2022

A field experiment was conducted on maize (Zea mays L.) during rabi (November - February), 2018–19 to study the effect of drip fertigation of Nitrogen (N), Potassium(K) and microbial consortium (MC) at Water Technology Centre, College of Agriculture, PJTSAU, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design and replicated thrice. The treatments, comprising of two fertility levels viz., 75% and 100% recommended dose (RD) of N&K as first factor and biofertigation of MC as second factor. The interaction effect between RD of N, K and biofertigation of MC was not significant. Significantly higher cob length, cob girth, number of rows cob-1, cob weight, number of grains cob-1 and grain weight cob-1 were recorded with fertigation of 100% RD of N&Kcompared to 75% RD of N&K and five MC biofertigation recorded significantly higher cob length, cob girth, number of rows cob-1, cob weight , number of grains cob-1 and grain weight cob-1 than that of treatment without application of MC and was on par with biofertigation of MC three times. Maize grain and stover yield recorded with 100% RD of N&K were significantly higher compared to 75% RD of N&K. Biofertigation of MC five times and three times were on par and recorded significantly higher grain and stover yield compared to treatment without application of MC. Significantly lower grain and stover yield were observed under treatment without application of MC
PRODUKTIVITAS JAMUR TIRAM PUTIH (Pleurotus ostreatus) PADA MEDIA LIMBAH SEKAM PADI DAN DAUN PISANG KERING SEBAGAI MEDIA ALTERNATIF
Authors: Suparti Suparti , Marfuah Lismiyati
Published: July 2022

Jamur tiram putih (Pleurotus ostreatus) merupakan jenis jamur pangan yang banyak dikonsumsi mengandung protein 27%. Kandungan protein pada jamur tiram putih dapat dipengaruhi oleh komposisi media tanam seperti selulosa, hemiselulosa, lignin dan nutrisi tambahan. Sekam padi dan daun pisang kering merupakan salah satu limbah organik yang dapat digunakan sebagai media alternatif untuk meningkatkan produktivitas jamur tiram putih.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui produktivitas jamur tiram putih yang ditumbuhkan pada media  limbah sekam padi dan daun pisang kering sebagai media alternatif. Jenis penelitian eksperimen dengan metode rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dua faktor yaitu faktor 1 penambahan sekam padi dan faktor 2 daun pisang kering (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%), masing-masing  dengan empat perlakuan dan dua kali ulangan.  Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa penambahan sekam padi dan daun pisang kering  15% (S3T3) memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap lama penyebaran miselium, jumlah badan buah dan berat segar jamur tiram putih.Perlakuan yang paling baik untuk pertumbuhan jamur pada perlakuan S3T3, dengan rata-rata lama penyebaran miselium 25,5 hari, jumlah badan buah 64,5 buah dan berat segar yang dihasilkan 402,5. Hasil data tersebut lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan yang lain.
Keanekaragaman Mollusca (Bivalvia Dan Polyplacophora) Di Wilayah Pesisir Biluhu Provinsi Gorontalo
Authors: Baderan Dewi Wahyuni , Hamidun Marini Susanti , Utina Ramli
Published: July 2022

Bivalvia dan Polyplacophora menjadi salah satu dari beragam sumber daya hayati yang dimanfaatkan oleh sebagian besar masyarakat Indonesia baik secara lokal maupun dalam skala besar sejak dulu. Meskipun demikian, data dasar terkait pola distribusi maupun keanekaragaman Bivalvia dan Polyplacophora masih sangat terbatas, bahkan jika dibuat perbandingan dengan Kelas Gastropoda yang kerabat dekatnya.. Tujuan penelitian ini: 1) untuk mengetahui komposisi jenis Bivalvia dan Polyplacophora; 2) mengetahui nilai Indeks Keanekaragaman, Kemerataan dan kekayaan Jenis; dan 3) nilai kepadatan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode jelajah. Penelitian ini menemukan enam spesies Bivalvia dan Polyplacophora yakni Hippopus hippopus, Mactra cuneata, Anadara antiquata, Tucetona pectunculus, Pinctada margaritifera dan Achantopleura gemmata. Tingkat keanekaragaman tertinggi berada pada stasiun I dengan nilai H'=1,641. Indeks kemerataan (E) Bivalvia dan Polyplacophora secara berurut pada stasiun I, II, dan III yakni 0,916; 0,821; 0,9. Indeks kekayaan jenis Bivalvia dan Polyplacophora dimana stasiun I berjumlah 1,3294, stasiun II berjumlah 1,6981 dan stasiun III berjumlah 1,5533. Nilai kepadatan tertinggi dimiliki oleh spesies Hippopus hippopus pada stasiun I yakni 0,0008 Ind/m2. Spesies dengan nilai kepadatan terendah yakni tiga spesies (Anadara antquata, Tucetona penctuculus dan Achantopleura gemmate) pada stasiun II, dan  spesies Tucetona penctuculus pada stasiun III dengan nilai kepadatan masing-masing sebesar 0,00004 Ind/m2.
The Innovation and the Transformation of Indonesian Schools Accreditation Management System
Authors: Susetyo Budi , Soetantyo Sylvia P. , Sayuti Muhammad , Nur Darfiana
Published: July 2022

All schools at the primary and secondary education levels in Indonesia must be accredited. An independent body called the National Accreditation Board for Schools/Madrasah (BAN-S/M) as an external quality assurance agency, accredits schools throughout Indonesia. Since 2005, the percentage of schools accredited in levels A and B has always increased from year to year based on the accreditation results. However, the improvement of school quality based on accreditation did not strongly correlate with the national exam and PISA results. This article discusses the facts of the experience of implementing accreditation for 15 years which became the basis for accreditation reform in Indonesia. BAN-S/M started the reformation in 2020 with three fundamental changes. First, the change in the accreditation instrument from compliance-based to performance-based. Second, the recruitment of new assessors based on cognitive competence and personality. Third, the changes of the accreditation business process through the dashboard monitoring system that will select schools with automatic accreditation extensions without visitation and schools that assessors must visit. implementation of Innovation and accreditation management reform can reduce accreditation costs by more than 60% and is expected to increase the accuracy of school quality assessment results. The findings strengthen the current transformation to the new, more efficient, rational  accreditiation management system for schools/madrasah.
Students’ understanding of a geometric theorem: A case of grade 9 problem posing
Authors: Patac Adriano Jr Villarosa , Patac Louida Penera , Crispo Nicolas Ensomo
Published: July 2022

Teaching axiomatic representation of mathematical objects in all grades can and should be done. The paper analyzes students' understanding and how they perceive theorems using problem posing. We looked at how English-language learners create questions about four geometric theorems from a 9th-grade math textbook. The analysis looks at the question's distinctiveness, its elements' relationships, and sentence structure flaws. These lines, angle, and triangle theorems were chosen to exemplify problem scenarios when a theorem is conveyed in words but not explicitly symbolized. The difficulty of posing mathematically relevant problems stems from the required process of simultaneously changing the theorem language, home language, and formal mathematics language. In Van Hiele's methodology, the pupils' issues aren't classified as a formal or informal deduction. Questions either deduce from a formal system or emphasize theorems. Mastering the required representation registers can assist students in posing problems that reflect, at the very least, at the formal deduction level. The absence of symbolic representation increases the difficulty in posing original problems involving geometric theorems. As a result, how problems are made, especially how they are written, shows how well students understand math through problem-posing.