bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Competing Preferent Community Prospecting Rights: A Nonchalant Custodian?
Authors: Olivier Nic , Williams Clara , Badenhorst Pieter
Published: January 2017

Traditional communities that were precluded from the benefits and financial rewards of exploitation of the mineral resources of South Africa are afforded the opportunity to lodge an application with the Department of Mineral Resources (hereafter the department) to obtain a so-called preferent prospecting right (or mining right) in respect of land which is registered - or to be registered - in their name. An applicant on behalf of the community has to meet the requirements of section 104(2) of the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act 28 of 2002 (hereafter the MPRDA). This in line with one of the objectives of the MPRDA of expanding the opportunities for historically disadvantaged persons, such as traditional communities, to enter into, and actively participate in, the mineral industry and to benefit from the exploitation of the nation's mineral resources (s 2(d)).  The Minister of Mineral Resources ((hereafter the minister), in his/her capacity as the custodian of the mineral resources of South Africa on behalf of the people of South Africa (s 3(1)), is, amongst others, by implication tasked with achieving, these objectives. The same applies to the department and its officials. However, this was unfortunately not the experience of a traditional community, the Bengwenyama-Ya-Maswazi community (hereafter the BYM community), who had to battle through two rounds of litigation with the minister, the department and persons and entities which promoted their own interests whilst attempting to convey the (false) impression that they were representing the community.

The subject of this discussion is the second round of litigation between the Bengwenyama-Ya-Maswazi Tribal Council and Genorah. The second round of litigation involved competing applications for preferent community prospecting rights in two related appeals heard together by the Supreme Court of Appeal (hereafter the SCA).  The first appeal  concerned preferent community prospecting rights on the farm Nooitverwacht (hereafter the Nooitverwacht appeal) and the second appeal involved preferent community prospecting rights on the farm Eerstegeluk (hereafter the Eerstegeluk appeal). The focus of the discussion is on the Nooitverwacht appeal, and references (where appropriate) will be made to the Eerstegeluk appeal. A number of related issues are also discussed – these include the distinction between prospecting rights and preferent community prospecting rights; the meaning of "... land which is registered or to be registered in the name of the community concerned" (with reference to restitution land, redistribution land, and community land acquired from own resources); and the changing legal landscape relating to community decision-making and consultation.
The Exclusion of Liability for Emotional Harm to Passengers in the Warsaw and Montréal Convention: moving away from Floyd, Siddhu and Pienaar, the Stott Case?
Authors: De Gama Rafia
Published: January 2017

This contribution focuses on the transport of passengers on international routes and the legal regime set down by the Warsaw Convention of 1929 and reinforced by the Montréal Convention of 1999. These Conventions regulate commercial aviation by detailing a set of minimum standardised procedures for flight safety, such as standards for air navigation systems, amongst others, to ensure safe and efficient air travel. 

The legal regime also regulates the possible claims that may be made against airlines for the death of or harm to passengers, as well as relating to damage to and loss of baggage. The regime not only limits claims temporally and by location, but it also excludes the application of national legal regimes. With regard to claims of harm to dignity the regime disallows such claims to be brought within the restrictions placed by the legal regimes or on any other basis.

The contribution does not address the full coverage of these Conventions, only the exclusion of mental / emotional injuries. The Convention excludes emotional harm from the definition of death and physical harm. However claimants have brought claims to undermine the main exclusion of claims with regard to compensation for emotional harm. This contribution explores the exclusion of claims in the Warsaw and Montréal Conventions and thereafter analyses two court decisions in common law countries where this exclusion of claims was challenged and the challenge failed.
Una perspectiva histórica y comparada sobre la Contraloría General de la República del Chile / A historic and comparative perspective on the Office of the Comptroller General of the Republic of Chile
Authors: Mauricio Obando Camino Iván , Stefan Allesch Peñailillo Johann
Published: January 2017

Resumen: Este artículo explora el desarrollo constitucional y legal de la Contraloría General de la República de Chile, considerando una perspectiva histórica y comparada. Tras referirse a sus orígenes legales en 1927, este artículo discurre sobre las razones que presidieron su constitucionalización en 1943 y 1980, lo que ha llevado a hacer de ella un órgano de control administrativo autónomo, en casi todos sus aspectos, en el sistema político chileno. Así también queda de manifiesto cuando ella es comparada con órganos de control administrativo semejantes existentes en la región, lo que permite visualizar la singularidad de aquélla.Palabras clave: Contraloría; control; fiscalización. Abstract: This article explores the constitutional and legal development of the Office of the Comptroller General of the Republic of Chile taking into account both a historic and comparative perspective. After dwelling on the legal origins of this agency back in 1927, this article deals with the reasons that presided over the writing of this agency into the Chilean constitution both in 1943 and 1980, which gave way to an almost autonomous agency of administrative oversight in the Chilean political system. The latter stands out after comparing this agency with similar offices that exist in the region, which points out to the distinctiveness of the aforementioned agency.Keywords: Comptroller; control; oversight.
Telecommunications Market Evolution
Authors: Gregory Mark A
Published: January 2017

It would be wrong to expect stability in any large and complex industry today. The Australian telecommunications industry is no exception and in the lead-up to 2017 there have been a number of government reviews and inquiries announced that are certain to add to the instability if the outcomes do not focus on the long-term interests of end users. Whilst stability may not be achievable in an industry that is dependent on rapidly changing technology, there are aspects of telecommunications competition policy that are broken and need to be fixed urgently. Now is not the time to take an axe to the telecommunications competition legislation, especially when the underlying causes of the instability are not being tackled. Mr Graham Shepherd, a leading member of the Telecommunications Association Board and the Journal Board for many years, has retired from the Telecommunications Association Board.
End tidal CO2 level (PETCO2) during laparoscopic surgery: comparison between spinal anaesthesia and general anaesthesia
Authors: Jadhav Rahul S. , Puram Nitin N. , Ramanand Jaiprakash B. , Zende Ajit M. , Bhosale Rama R. , Karande Vitthal B.
Published: January 2017

Background: Laparoscopy is a procedure which involves insufflations of the abdomen by a gas, so that endoscope can visualise intra abdominal content without being in direct contact with viscera or tissues. Its advantages are small incisions, less pain, less postoperative ileus, short hospital stay compared to traditional open method. Monitoring of end tidal carbon dioxide (PETCO2) and hemodynamics is very necessary during Laparoscopy surgery. This study is conducted to find out effects of CO2 insufflation on parameters like PETCO2, Mean arterial pulse pressure, SPO2 under spinal anaesthesia and general anaesthesia in ASA I and ASA II patients.Methods: The present study was conducted in the department of anaesthesiology from December 2014 to September 2015.This study was a prospective, randomized controlled, single blind. Each group consisted of 30 patients having Group A and Group B as patient undergoing laparoscopic surgery under Spinal anaesthesia and General anaesthesia respectively. Preoperatively patients in Group A (Spinal anaesthesia) given inj. Midazolam 0.3mg/kg IM 45 before surgery and Group B (General anaesthesia) inj. pentazocin 0.3mg/kg, inj. promethazine 0.5mg/kg, inj. Glycopyrrolate 0.004 mg/kg IM 45 before surgery. In operation theatre, intra operative pulseoximetre, ECG, SPO2, Heart rate (HR), Mean arterial pulse pressure and PETCO2 monitoring done. Amount of CO2 insufflated noted.Results: It was found from present study that in both group there was significant progressive rise in PETCO2 after CO2 insufflation, with peak at 30 min and thereafter plateau till the end of procedure (avg. duration 45-60 min). In group A i.e. laparoscopic surgery under spinal anaesthesia with (spontaneous respiration) the rise in PETCO2 was significant as compared to the group B i.e. laparoscopic surgery under general anaesthesia with controlled ventilation. The heart rate increased after CO2 insufflation in both the group, but it was significant in group A. The increase in SBP, DBP, MAP were less in group A as compared to group B. SPO2 showed no significant changes and it remained above 97% in all patients throughout surgery. All values come to baseline 15 min after insufflation.Conclusions: From the present study it can be concluded that balanced general anaesthesia using IPPV with moderate hyperventilation, as the preferred anaesthetic technique for laparoscopic surgery.
Study to evaluate association of umbilical coiling index and perinatal outcome
Authors: Chholak Deepika , Gupta Pratiksha , Khajotia Santosh
Published: January 2017

Background: To correlate the perinatal outcome by noting the umbilical coiling index.Methods: The umbilical cords of the babies born to 500 women, who delivered either vaginally or by lower segment caesarean section, were examined and umbilical coiling index was calculated.Results: There was significant correlation (p value 0.003) between. Hypercoiling (UCI >90th percentile) is associated with IUGR. Hypocoiling (UCI <10th percentile) is associated with: - Meconium staining liquor, high LSCS rates, low Apgar score <7 at 1 min and at 5 min respectively and NICU admissions of babies.Conclusions: Hypercoiling (UCI >90th percentile) is associated with IUGR Hypocoiling (UCI <10th percentile) is associated with meconium staining liquor, high LSCS rates, low Apgar score <7 at 1 min and at 5 min respectively and NICU admissions of babies.
Prevalence and determinants of cataract surgical coverage in India: findings from a population-based study
Authors: Bharath Balasubramaniam , Krishnaiah Sannapaneni , Imtiaz Ahmed , Ramani Ramanathan V.
Published: January 2017

Background: Cataract is the leading cause of avoidable blindness in most parts of developing world, including India. The objectives were to assess cataract surgical coverage (CSC) and investigate the determinants for CSC among people aged 50 years or older in India.Methods: A population-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted to include 2023 residents aged ≥50 years old from 72 clusters of 20 districts in six states from various parts of India. Presenting visual acuity (VA), history of cataract surgery and operable cataract were assessed by trained professionals. Prevalence of CSC and factors influencing cataract surgery (CS) were studied in the multivariable logistic regression model. A two-sided p-value of <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results: Cataract surgery was done in 478 (23.6%) people in both eyes. Using VA<6/18 cut-off, the CSC was estimated as 67.2% in persons. In LR model, increased age was significantly associated with increased CS (P<0.0001). The odds of prevalence of CS was significantly lower in Uttar Pradesh; adjusted Odds Ratio (OR), 0.59; (95% CI: 0.36-0.95; p=0.032) and in persons with diabetes; OR: 0.61; (95% CI: 0.38-0.94; p=0.028).Conclusions: Cataract surgical need is currently not being met in India and the increasing prevalence of diabetes is an additional major challenge in addressing the gap in CS.
Brincadeiras no Parque: sentidos produzidos a partir de vivências na educação infantil
Authors: Côco Valdete , Soares Leticia Cavassana
Published: January 2017

Resumo: Considerando as assertivas sobre o brincar na constituição do trabalho educativo na Educação Infantil, neste texto sintetizamos pesquisa, articulada à extensão, buscando compreender os sentidos atribuídos pelas crianças às brincadeiras no parque. Com ancoragem em pressupostos teórico-metodológicos de Bakhtin e Vigostsky, numa abordagem qualitativa exploratória, o estudo envolveu uma turma de crianças de uma instituição de Educação Infantil num município do Espírito Santo, produzindo relatórios das vivências com as crianças, desenhos e fotografias acerca do parque. Os dados indicam a multiplicidade de sentidos produzidos nas vivências, marcando a relevância do parque como espaço privilegiado de interação e brincadeira.

Palavras-Chave: Brincadeira. Educação Infantil. Formação de professores. Parque.
Avaliação da atividade angiogênica da solução aquosa da Tabebuia impetiginosa (Ipê-roxo)
Authors: De Moraes Paulo Sávio Paim , Carvalho Carolyna De Sousa , Chaves Dwight Assis , Sousa Maria Alice Montes de , Lemes Susy Ricardo , De Araújo Lilhian Alves , Mrué Fátima , De Melo-Reis Paulo Roberto
Published: January 2017

Resumo: A Tabebuia impetiginosa é uma planta conhecida popularmente como ipê-roxo, encontrada na América do Sul e Central e amplamente distribuída no cerrado brasileiro. A casca da planta apresenta componentes químicos que possuem ação anti-inflamatória, antitumoral, antibacteriana e antifúngica, podendo ser utilizada no tratamento de diversas enfermidades. Com base no potencial terapêutico que os componentes químicos extraídos da casca da planta podem

oferecer, o presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a atividade angiogênica da Tabebuia impetiginosa (Ipê-roxo). A possível

atividade angiogênica da planta foi avaliada pelo ensaio da membrana corio-alantoide (MCA) de ovos embrionados de galinha. O experimento evidenciou um aumento da rede vascular (p
RASCUNHOS DE UMA GENEALOGIA DA INTIMIDADE: UM SOBREVOO PELA HISTÓRIA
Authors: Vieira da Silva Francisco
Published: January 2017

Este ensaio discute as condições de possibilidade que fazem com que a intimidade seja concebida como uma construção histórico-cultural. Nesse intento, pensamos com Foucault (2008), para quem é necessário deduzir as contingências que nos levaram a ser o que somos nós hoje. Assim, para entendermos minimamente o que estamos nos tornando, é premente lançarmos um olhar retroativo sobre os discursos, práticas e técnicas que nos precedem e, numa relação de devir histórico, nos constitui.

Palavras-chave: Discurso. História. Intimidade. Sujeito. Visibilidade.
ESTUDO DE CASO: A COMUNICAÇÃO NO SISTEMA DE BIBLIOTECAS DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE GOIÁS
Authors: Silva Rose Mendes da , Nogueira Maria Francisca Magalhães
Published: January 2017

RESUMO: pesquisa concluída no mestrado em Comunicação na Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), linha de Mídia e

Cultura. O objetivo principal foi o de refletir sobre o modelo de comunicação do Sibi/UFG a partir da observação

da Biblioteca Central como parâmetro e representação do todo. Assim, o objeto teórico foi a comunicação

do Sibi/UFG e o objeto empírico a Biblioteca Central – uma das nove unidades que compõem o sistema.

Utilizou-se o estudo de caso como método e fez-se uso do diário de campo, das pesquisas documental e institucional

e de entrevistas com questionários estruturados para a pesquisa empírica, a qual foi realizada com

dois grupos: colaboradores da Biblioteca Central e usuários desta biblioteca.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Comunicação. Comunicação organizacional. Cultura. Biblioteca.
La responsabilidad contractual por los riesgos previsibles, entre la autonomía de la voluntad privada y la rigurosidad de las normas de contratación pública
Authors: Sarmiento E. Juan Pablo
Published: January 2017

Los riesgos contractuales previsibles carecen de reglas específicas en el régimen de “derecho común”. Con todo, la autonomía de la voluntad privada usualmente resuelve este vacío por medio de disposiciones contractuales accesorias. Con todo, en el derecho público de la contratación estatal, la rigidez del proceso precontractual impone deberes de tipificación, estimación y asignación de riesgos que no parecerían estar definidos por el régimen jurídico pertinente. En este artículo se argumenta que, debido a la dispersión normativa de la contratación administrativa, el régimen jurídico de los riesgos previsibles se encuentra indeterminado, muy a pesar de la inflexibilidad normativa de la etapa de diseño contractual.
Las principales diferencias de la organización administrativa de la época republicana y de la época imperial
Authors: Guzmán-Brito Alejandro
Published: January 2017

La que podemos denominar “administración pública” de la época republicana romana se caracterizaba por su adaptación a las siguientes reglas: temporalidad limitada en el ejercicio de los cargos públicos, elección popular de sus titulares, gratuidad en su desempeño, pluralidad de titulares para un mismo cargo y colegialidad entre ellos, ausencia de jerarquía y autonomía e independencia de cada titular, carga personal en los gastos causados en el ejercicio de los cargos públicos. El régimen imperial introdujo las reglas exactamente contrarias. Si se tiene presente que estas reglas contrarias aún rigen la organización administrativa de los Estados modernos, se colige que las bases de la moderna administración derivan del Imperio romano.
„Moyggj skal verða við barn ... “ – nøkur orð um bíbliutýðingar og bíbliutulkingar / Some Words on Biblical Translation and Interpretation
Authors: Sølvará Hans Andrias
Published: January 2017

This article is exploring a controversial subject in the history of biblical translations in accordance with modern historical and philological research. In the article a specific subject, the Emmanuel prophecy in Isaiah 7:14, used by Mathew 1:23 as a prophecy about the miraculous birth of Jesus, will be examined in accordance  with  modern  international  research and modern bible translations, and compared with the Faroese bible translations from 1949 and  1961.  The  main  question  in  the  article is, limited to this specific and controversial subject, to explore the boundaries between Christology, historical context and philology in the Faroese bibles. The conclusion is 1) that the historical context of Isaiah 7:14 is related to historical conditions in the prophets own time in 734 BC, 2) that neither of the Faroese bible translations are consistent in their use of Faroese words to translate even the same Hebrew or Greek terms, and that 3) the reasons for the choice of Faroese words are Christological rather than philological, when philological demands, textual or historical context and historical research contradict important Christological interpretations. The comparison with other  modern  bible  translations  shows  that this is not a specific Faroese problem or dilemma. These translations are, if not simply wrong, created to justify Christian interpretations of scripture.
Beyond Pious Critical Agency: Women, Interfaith Marriage and Religious Conversion In Aceh
Authors: Ansor Muhammad , Amri Yaser
Published: January 2017

Most studies discussing about interfaith marriage and religious conversion are ignoring woman's autonomy in selecting spouse as well as choosing religion. This paper examines the agency of women who converted due to marriage based on the experiences of four women in two areas in Aceh, the South East Aceh, and Aceh Singkil. Data was collected through observation and semi-structured interviews of four converted women, her husband, and her relatives. The phenomenon of religious conversion on the reason of marriage is placed in the feminist poststructuralist discourse, especially the concept of pious agency and critical piety agency. This paper challenges the view that says religious conversion on the reason of marriage will give the result to those who converted that religion to them is merely administrative matters and they lose their focus on building personal piety. Instead, this article argued the possibility of people who convert to other religion represent their religiosity after conversion as well as before conversion.
Determination of teacher candidates’ opinions about the efficiency of virtual classes used in distance education
Authors: Keser Hafize , Bicen Huseyin , Caliskan Semih
Published: January 2017

This study was aimed to determine the teacher candidates’ opinions about the efficiency of virtual classes. 173 voluntary teacher candidates who receive distance education at Near East University participated in this research. This research was conducted in the spring semester of 2014-2015 academic year. The results of 5-point Likert-type Scale which was developed by the researchers were analyzed with SPSS program. When the results of the research were analyzed, it was revealed that teacher candidates who receive distance education reported that, virtual classes are effective in learning, being in the virtual classes at the same time with their teachers increase the students’ interests in the lecture, the materials used in the lectures are more effective for students to understand the subject, the students get opinions from their classmates by making their presentations through file sharing in virtual class setting and this leads to a significant contribution to their learning.Keywords: distance learning, virtual classroom, bigbluebutton
Examining Change in Adolescent Street Efficacy and Its Association With Violent Outcomes
Authors: Zimmerman Gregory M. , Messner Steven F.
Published: January 2017

Research suggests that street efficacy—the perceived ability to avoid dangerous situations in one’s neighborhood—is related to violent outcomes. We investigatedchangein street efficacy using data from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods. Measures of street efficacy and violence (offending, victimization, secondary exposure) were constructed at Waves 2 (1997–2000) and 3 (2000–2002) from youth interviews and parent reports. Results from hierarchical overdispersed Poisson models indicated that street efficacy was a malleable construct with stronger contemporaneous than enduring effects. Furthermore, rates of all three violent outcomes were reduced as individuals increased their levels of street efficacy. Findings support (a) teaching youths to safely navigate violent neighborhood situations and (b) continuously reinforcing youths’ perceived ability to navigate danger.
Development of an Arabic Translation of the Cancer Behavior Inventory-Brief
Authors: Algamdi Maaidah M. , Hanneman Sandra K.
Published: January 2017

Purpose: The objective was to develop an Arabic version of the Cancer Behavior Inventory-Brief (CBI-B). Methods: The CBI-B was translated into Arabic using two forward and back translations. A translation validity index (TVI) was computed from review by an expert panel. Results: Both back translations had issues with word choice, grammar, and meaning, which were resolved by selecting items from each forward translation. Item TVI was 0.83–1.0, with an overall mean of 0.95. Conclusion: The Arabic version of the CBI-B (CBI-BA) has acceptable evidence of translation validity. Two rounds of forward and back translation of the CBI-BA were needed to ensure semantic equivalence of the CBI-BA with the original instrument. Further psychometric testing with cognitive interviewing is recommended.
Initial Evidence for the Reliability and Validity of the Educational Needs Assessment Questionnaire
Authors: Kim MyoungJin , Dyck Mary J. , Funk Amy
Published: January 2017

Background and Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the revised Educational Needs Assessment (ENA) questionnaire, a 32-item questionnaire designed to assess educational needs of nurses. Methods: Data were obtained from 317 nursing home nurses in central Illinois and underwent testing for psychometric properties. Results: The principal component analysis yielded a 6-factor solution that explained 65.9% of the variance and Cronbach’s alpha for each factor was satisfactory. Conclusions: The revised ENA can be a useful tool to measure and identify in what areas of educational needs nursing home nurses need to develop their skills to help patients more effectively.
Legal and Ethical Imperatives for Using Certified Sign Language Interpreters in Health Care Settings: How to “Do No Harm” When “It’s (All) Greek” (Sign Language) to You
Authors: Nonaka Angela M.
Published: January 2017

Communication obstacles in health care settings adversely impact patient–practitioner interactions by impeding service efficiency, reducing mutual trust and satisfaction, or even endangering health outcomes. When interlocutors are separated by language, interpreters are required. The efficacy of interpreting, however, is constrained not just by interpreters’ competence but also by health care providers’ facility working with interpreters.

Deaf individuals whose preferred form of communication is a signed language often encounter communicative barriers in health care settings. In those environments, signing Deaf people are entitled to equal communicative access via sign language interpreting services according to the Americans with Disabilities Act and Executive Order 13166, the Limited English Proficiency Initiative. Yet, litigation in states across the United States suggests that individual and institutional providers remain uncertain about their legal obligations to provide equal communicative access.

This article discusses the legal and ethical imperatives for using professionally certified (vs. ad hoc) sign language interpreters in health care settings. First outlining the legal terrain governing provision of sign language interpreting services, the article then describes different types of “sign language” (e.g., American Sign Language vs. manually coded English) and different forms of “sign language interpreting” (e.g., interpretation vs. transliteration vs. translation; simultaneous vs. consecutive interpreting; individual vs. team interpreting). This is followed by reviews of the formal credentialing process and of specialized forms of sign language interpreting—that is, certified deaf interpreting, trilingual interpreting, and court interpreting. After discussing practical steps for contracting professional sign language interpreters and addressing ethical issues of confidentiality, this article concludes by offering suggestions for working more effectively with Deaf clients via professional sign language interpreters.
Advanced Practice Nurse Transitional Care Model Promotes Healing in Wound Care
Authors: Mackavey Carole
Published: January 2017

Optimally, transition in health care should be seamless and incorporate a well-thought-out patient-centered discharge plan; yet, many hospitalized patients are unprepared for discharge, thereby compromising patient safety and quality of care. Transition of care should include a broad range of time-limited services designed to ensure health care continuity to avoid poor outcomes among at-risk populations. This case study demonstrates that advanced practice nurses (APNs) are in the perfect position to bridge the existing gap, reduce readmissions, and improve patient health. Transition from hospital to home is stressful under the best of circumstances. Naylor’s transition of care model and Meleis’s transition theory provides the foundation for APNs to manage patients’ wounds across the continuum of care. The patient is educated and guided through the convoluted health care system, resulting in decreased discontinuity and improved outcomes and safety.

Conclusion: A smooth transition between levels of care requires collaboration and care coordination of medical services and health care providers. The result of this continuity is improved patient outcomes, improved patient satisfaction, and reduced medical errors. APNs as care coordinators have the ability to bridge the existing gap between hospitalization and home while preventing readmission.
The Variations in Blood Pressure Values in Deadsea and Sea Level in Jordan are not Influenced by the Level of Angiotensin Ii
Authors: Amawi Kawther Faisal , Al-Shehabat Mustafa Ahmad , Alsarhan Ali
Published: January 2017

Introduction: hypertension may be affected by environment. The variation of altitudes has been reported to play a role in hypertension. In Jordan, we have an environment rich in diversity as having areas in the sea level and others in the lowest depth in the world (the Dead Sea). Objectives: to examine the impact of altitudes on the level of angioten II among study participants. Methods and subjects: across sectional design was conducted. Two areas were included: the Dead Sea and the Sea level area, Jordan. The study sample included a total of 1000 participants of them 500 participants were included from each area. All participants were males, matched for age grouping, and they were apparently healthy. A working paper was made for each participant which included study variables such as blood pressure, weight, height, waist circumference, heart rate per minute, the level of angiotensin II, and packed cell volume (PCV). We analyzed data using SPSS version 20. All data were included and represented as mean and standard deviation. The relations between variables were computed using independent T test. Significance was considered at alpha <0.05. Study findings: there were no statistical differences between study groups for all variables except systolic blood pressure which its mean was 122.42±10.53 mmHg in the area of Dead Sea and this was significantly higher than that of the Sea level (118.07±11.64) (p=0.001). The mean of blood pressure in the Dead Sea was 91.64 ± 8.90 mmHg, and this was significantly higher than that of the Sea level (89.84 ± 8.72) (p=0.001). The level of angiotensin II was 8.48±4.65pg/ml in the Dead Sea area, and this was less than that of the Sea level (11.21± 6.05pg/ml). The difference in means for angiotensin II was not statistically significant. Conclusion: the altitude differences in the study area affected, but not significantly, the level of angiotensin II and significantly the level of systolic blood pressure.
Syndrome De Guillain-Barré Chez L’enfant Dans Un Contexte A Ressources Limitées : A Propos De Deux Observations Au CHU Sylvanus Olympio De Lomé - TOGO
Authors: Akolly Dae. , Guedenon Km. , Tsolenyanu E. , Takassi E. , Fiawoo M. , Atakouma Y.
Published: January 2017

Guillain-Barré syndrome is rare in children. With polyvalent immunoglobulins the management and prognosis has been significantly improved with complete recovery rate exceeding 80%. We report the cases of two children who completely recovered after Guillain-Barré syndrome in the absence of immune globulin. He was a 12 year old daughter and an infant of 17 months male who presented a progressive ascending motor deficit, dysphonia with difficulty swallowing, difficulty breathing, areflexia. A albumino-cytological dissociation was found in the study of cerebrospinal fluid in both cases. Electromyography in the girl had confirmed a axono-form myelin. Retroviral serology was negative in both cases. Other serology (Campylobacter jejuni, Cytomegalovirus, Epstein Barr, ZIKA), the dosage of anti-ganglioside antibodies and brain imaging had not been made. The immunoglobulins are not available in our work context, we conducted a symptomatic management. Complete healing was achieved with a 4-month decline.
Cartographie De La Dynamique Du Trait De Cote A Grand-Lahou : Utilisation De L’outil « Digital Shoreline Analysis System (Dsas)»
Authors: M. Valère Djagoua Eric , Fatoumata Bakayoko , Jeanne Kouadio Maffoué , Jean-Baptiste Kassi A. , Brice Hervé Mobio A. , Kouamé Adonis Krou , André Tiemélé Jacques , Patricia Yavo
Published: January 2017

Like many coasts, coastal erosion is evident on all the Ivorian coast and is characterized by the destruction of physical assets (infrastructure, habitat and sightseeing). Especially in Grand-Lahou, it threatens a fishing village located on a strip of land 200 meters separating the Atlantic Ocean from the Tadjo lagoon and facing the mouth of the Bandama River. To contribute to the choice of sustainable coastal development in Grand-Lahou, this study aims to characterize the dynamics of the coastline by performing coastal erosion map locally for the best appreciation of the erosion phenomenon. To do this, the GIS which consisted of compilation of coastlines data from Landsat images from 1998, 2001, 2005, 2009, 2011 and 2014 in the study area. The dynamic of the coastline in this zone was done through the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAW). The variations observed between 1998 and 2014 show a coastline fattening at an average rate of 2.09 m / year in the west of the river mouth before Lahou-Kpanda village and erosion with a speed of 0.84 m / year on rest of the shore after Lahou Kpanda village.
Influence of Prey Species on Feeding Preference, PostEmbryonic Development and Life Span of Cheilomenes Sexmaculata (Fabricius)
Authors: Kumar Md. Sanjeev , Ahmad Equbal , Rakhshan Rakhshan
Published: January 2017

Coccinellid beetles due to high foraging performance, immense predatory potential and high reproductive efficacy possess the potential to be effectively employed in biological control programme for several destructive insects such as aphids, coccids, scale insect etc. Cheilomenes sexmaculata is very common in the target area and found abundantly predating on several aphids. Hence, the feeding performance and post embryonic development of C. sexmaculata feeding on three economically important aphids, Aphis craccivora, Aphis gossypii and Lipaphis erysimi have been studied. The grubs of the predator, C. sexmaculata showed greater preference for A. craccivora (141.4± 6.67 aphids) followed by A. gossypii (122.25 ± 7.44 aphids) and L. erysimi (106.95 ± 7.73 aphids). The higher development period was observed on L. erysimi (17.50 ± 0.72 days) than A. gossypii (16.0 ± 0.5 days) and A. craccivora (15.6± 0.24 days). Similarly C. sexmaculata had higher pre-pupal and pupal period when fed on L. erysimi than A. gossypii and A. craccivora. The higher longevity of the C. sexmaculata was observed on A. craccivora (39.6 ± 1.21 days) than A. gossypii (35.25 ± 0.47 days) and L. erysimi (33.25 ± 0.47 days). It is probably due to more preference of A. craccivora than A. gossypii and L. erysimi. Hence, this predator consumed more A. craccivora than A. gossypii and L. erysimi during its life span and also during larval development period.
Reconociendo el carácter multifacético de la educación: los determinantes de los logros cognitivos y no cognitivos en la escuela media argentina
Authors: Formichella María Marta , Krüger Natalia
Published: January 2017

Antecedentes: Para brindar herramientas que permitan a las personas desarrollar todo su potencial, la educación debería no sólo proveer conocimientos y aptitudes, sino también contribuir a la formación de actitudes, valores y disposiciones positivas. Los sistemas educativos deberían ser evaluados en función de este carácter multifacético de la educación, y la información disponible indica que los países difieren en la medida en que sus estudiantes adquieren tanto competencias cognitivas como no cognitivas. Interesa por ello comprender mejor el desarrollo de ambos tipos de logros, proceso complejo que depende de factores personales, familiares, escolares y contextuales. Mientras que la mayoría de las investigaciones empíricas orientadas a explicar la calidad educativa ha considerado únicamente los logros cognitivos, el presente trabajo pone el foco en los no cognitivos. Métodos: Se estima un modelo de regresión multinivel multivariado que analiza simultáneamente los determinantes de dos resultados alcanzados por los alumnos argentinos participantes del Programa para la Evaluación Internacional de Alumnos (PISA) 2012: uno cognitivo —la nota obtenida en la prueba de matemáticas— y uno no cognitivo —la apertura hacia la resolución de problemas—. Resultados: Se hallan diferencias en los factores explicativos entre los dos tipos de logros: los colegios parecen cumplir un papel más relevante en la determinación del desempeño escolar cognitivo que en la formación de resultados no cognitivos. No obstante, factores como el género o el nivel socioeconómico del hogar inciden significativamente en ambos casos. Asimismo, si bien los atributos escolares resultan menos relevantes que los individuales en la explicación de los dos resultados, se aprecia un margen para mejorar su desarrollo desde la escuela. Conclusiones: La inexistencia de homogeneidad respecto a las variables que determinan las dos clases de resultados estudiados sugiere que las políticas tendientes a mejorar unos u otros deberían ser diferentes. De todas formas, el desarrollo de ambos tipos de logros requiere principalmente que se mejoren las condiciones socioeducativas de los alumnos en sus hogares.
Experimental Identification and Vibration Control of A Non-Collocated Piezoelectric Flexible Manipulator Using Optimal Multi-Poles Placement Control
Authors: Lou Junqiang , Liao Jiangjiang , Yang Yiling , Wei Yanding , Li Guoping
Published: January 2017

This paper presents experimental identification and vibration suppression of a flexible manipulator with non-collocated piezoelectric actuators and strain sensors using optimal multi-poles placement control. To precisely identify the system model, a reduced order transfer function with relocated zeros is proposed, and a first-order inertia element is added to the model to compensate the non-collocation. Comparisons show the identified model match closely with the experimental results both in the time and frequency domains, and a fit of 97.2% is achieved. Based on the identified model, a full-state multi-poles placement controller is designed, and the optimal locations of the closed loop poles are determined. The feasibility of the proposed controller is validated by simulations. Moreover, the controller is tested for different locations of the closed loop poles, and an excellent performance of the optimal locations of the closed loop poles is shown. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed controller is demonstrated by experiments. Results show that the vibrations of the expected modes are significantly diminished. Besides, vibrations of the higher modes are also slightly suppressed. Accordingly, multi-mode vibrations of the manipulator are well attenuated, and the tip displacement converges quickly with the proposed method.
Development of a diffusive wave shallow water model with a novel stability condition and other new features
Authors: Jahanbazi Mitra , Özgen Ilhan , Aleixo Rui , Hinkelmann Reinhard
Published: January 2017

One of the approaches to flood modelling is numerical simulation of the diffusive wave approximation of the shallow water equations. Improving these models in various aspects is still an open area of research. In this study, a new diffusive wave model with explicit time integration was developed which includes some novel features: (1) time steps are determined using a novel stability criterion which resulted in more dynamic time steps (i.e., broader range) compared to the conventional Courant–Friedrichs–Lewy stability condition; (2) stability constraints are reduced, considering the flow processes within surface ponds; (3) besides Manning's formula, which is the common equation for computing velocities in diffusive wave models, the free fall velocity and a new equation for wave-front velocity are employed; and (4) the influence of upstream surface ponds on downstream flow is considered. This paper introduces the enhanced diffusive wave model, the so-called Overland Flow Simulator Cellular Automata (OFS-CA), and its results for five test cases. Available analytical solutions and an experimental study were used for verification. Two other shallow water models were used for comparison and benchmarking. Overall, good agreements were observed and OFS-CA was computationally less expensive compared to the other two shallow water models.
Pre-processing of imbalanced samples and the effective contribution in fault diagnosis in wastewater treatment plants
Authors: Xu Y. G. , Deng W. K. , Song B. , Deng X. Y. , Luo F.
Published: January 2017

Fault diagnosis by machine learning techniques is of great importance in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). A key factor influencing the accuracy of fault diagnosis lies in the imbalance between the sample data in minority classes (i.e. faulty situations) and that in majority classes (i.e. normal situations), which may cause misjudgments of faults and lead to failure in practical use. This study proposes a novel pre-processing method with a fast relevance vector machine (Fast RVM) reducing the data of majority class samples and the synthetic minority over-sampling technique expanding the minority class samples. A case study indicates that this pre-processing method could be a promising solution for imbalanced data classification in WWTPs and the pre-processed data can be well diagnosed by back-propagation neural networks, support vector machine, RVM and Fast RVM models.
Delphi technique as a consultation method in regulatory impact assessment (RIA) – the Portuguese water sector
Authors: de Carvalho Bruno Eustaquio , Marques Rui Cunha , Netto Oscar Cordeiro
Published: January 2017

This paper explores use of the Delphi technique on regulatory impact assessment (RIA) in order to select criteria as well as to analyze the non-neutrality of stakeholders in the Portuguese case study. Although the decision-making process has been supporting a different prescriptive approach, there is no neutral decision, which can reflect on the (in)efficiency of the government's action. To cope with imperfect knowledge, we have built the link between the objectives from Law no. 194/2009, which determines the regulatory framework in the Portuguese water sector and its potential criteria. Moreover, the elicitation weights for each criterion previously selected were framed in an innovative way, under a different perspective, either customers, municipalities or concessionaires. Evidence advises that there are relevant myopic, omission, splitting, and insensitivity biases for decision analysis, because of the distortion of input. Thus, the Delphi technique enables the decision makers to obtain reliable information before taking a decision. The results in terms of a different perspective for each criterion enable us not only to identify the non-neutrality of decision analysis, but also to (re)think the stakeholder's participation into the context of the Law referred to. Finally, this approach could consolidate our understanding concerning the potentialities of the Delphi technique in RIA, especially in policies with several objectives.
Reducing the burden of rural water supply through greywater reuse: a case study from northern Malawi
Authors: Newcomer Evan , Boyd Courtney , Nyirenda Laban , Opong Emmanuel , Marquez Shannon , Holm Rochelle
Published: January 2017

Greywater reuse has potential for non-potable applications that conserve freshwater resources in water-stressed areas especially in sub-Saharan Africa. The feasibility of reusing greywater for domestic activities in a rural area of Malawi, Africa, was evaluated from microbiological and public acceptance perspectives. Median Escherichia coli concentrations for eight domestic greywater sources (handwashing, laundry, runoff from a tap apron, bathing, cleaning a home/kitchen, cleaning a water collection container, washing plates and soaking vegetables) ranged from 100 to >20,000 colony forming units (cfu)/100 ml. Twenty-four of 47 greywater samples tested (51%) met the World Health Organization guideline for unrestricted use of greywater for irrigation. Pertinently, 80% (4/5) and 60% (3/5) of greywater samples from handwashing stations and bathing had E. coli less than the WHO guideline. Users reported greatest acceptance of reusing greywater for growing food and washing clothes, especially when the greywater source was bathing. Acceptance was closely tied to a household's economic standing, geographic location, and first-hand knowledge of reusing greywater. Greywater reuse practices in rural areas, especially targeting bathing water as suitable from bacteriological and user perception criteria, can help mitigate the impacts of water stress in sub-Saharan Africa.
Recurrent Aggressive Angiomyxoma: A Case Report
Authors: Mashadi Imam Rasjidi , Susanto Christine , Wondany Ryan Putra
Published: January 2017

Aggressive angiomyxoma (AA), a rare mesenchymal tumor with high recurrence rate and infiltrative nature, most generally arises in the vulvovaginal region, perineum, and pelvis of women in reproductive age peaking from age 31 to 35 but uncommonly found on men. It appears as a slow-growing gelatinous mass, which commonly asymptomatic. Imaging studies including USG, CT scan, and MR imaging are of great importance for the diagnosis of AA on identifying the mass characteristics. This paper reports a case of a 37 year old P3A0 woman with a lump on the left side of vaginal lip for 2 weeks before admission. The lump was soft to touch and was not painful, without other accompanying symptoms. Past medical history showed the lump has recurred after being surgically removed. On physical examination, a lump was found on the left vulva with soft consistency. CT scan showed a well-circumscribed hypodense mass on left labia majora and showed post contrast wall enhancement. Fine needle aspiration biopsy was done and showed hypocellular smear with myxoid matrix and bleeding. The mass was then removed by vulvectomy procedure. Histopathological analysis of the mass shows infiltration of myxoid stroma with blood vessels consistent with aggressive angiomyxoma. In conclusion, AA is usually asymptomatic and has high tendency of recurrence. Imaging procedure is useful on identifying mass characteristics and biopsy can be done to establish AA diagnosis. Surgery is the main modality for the treatment of AA, and administration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue can prevent further recurrence.Keywords: Aggressive angiomyxoma, gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist, recurrent
Acta Botanica Mexicana 118
Authors: Botanica Mexicana Acta
Published: January 2017

No aplica
PENGEMBANGAN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN GEOMETRI SMP MENGGUNAKAN METODE PENEMUAN TERBIMBING PADA KELAS VIII SEMESTER II
Authors: Yuliyanto Yuliyanto , Jailani Jailani
Published: January 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan perangkat pembelajaran geometri SMP yang berkualitas baik/layak digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran dan mendeskripsikan kualitas hasil pengembangan perangkat pembelajaran tersebut. Kualitas hasil pengembangan ditentukan berdasarkan pada kriteria dari Nieveen, yaitu valid, praktis dan efektif. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan. Model pengembangan perangkat pembelajaran dalam penelitian ini diadaptasi dari model pengembangan Dick & Carey. Tahap-tahap yang dilakukan meliputi (1) analisis kebutuhan dan perumusan tujuan; (2) pengembangan produk; (3) validasi, uji coba, dan revisi; serta (4) kajian produk akhir. Uji coba dilaksanakan dalam tiga tahap, yaitu (1) uji coba/validasi ahli; (2) uji coba skala kecil; dan (3) uji coba skala besar/lapangan. Penelitian ini menghasilkan perangkat pembelajaran geometri SMP yang berkualitas dan layak digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran. Masing-masing komponen perangkat pembelajaran tersebut memenuhi kriteria sangat valid, sangat praktis dan efektif. Kata kunci: pengembangan, perangkat pembelajaran, geometri SMP, penemuan terbimbing