bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The sandblasting use prospects in the semiconductor diodes production
Authors: Zhukov V.V. , Stepanov S.A.
Published: August 2021

The process of manufacturing semiconductor components for the production of microwave diodes is considered. Scientifically based recommendations are presented for the separation of relatively thick, up to 1.5 mm, stacked silicon-based semiconductor substrates by the so-called sandblasting method, based on masking and pneumatic jet cutting of the substrate with micro abrasive powder. It is described the masking method and the principals of setting of the operating parameters of the packaged substrate jet processing, which were tested with a positive result on a pilot industrial sandblasting plant currently used by a domestic enterprise.
Adaptive Real-Time Wavelet Denoising Architecture Based on Feedback Control Loop
Authors:   College of Engineering, University of Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Samann Fars , Bamerni Serwan Ali ,   College of Engineering, University of Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Khorsheed Jeeman Ahmed ,   College of Engineering, University of Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Al-sulaifanie Ahmed Khorsheed ,   College of Engineering, University of Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Published: August 2021

The discrete wavelet transform is commonly used as a denoising step for many applications, like biomedical applications which are usually suffering from low SNR of the recorded signal. However, the choice of appropriate threshold value for DWT coefficients plays significant role in reconstructing the denoised signal. This paper presents a design of real-time wavelet denoising architecture which is suitable for wide range of real-time denoising applications. In this design, an adaptive thresholding approach based on feedback control loop is proposed to make the architecture more applicable for real-time wavelet denoising. This thresholding method considers a noise level estimator module based on first detail coefficients level 𝑑1 to calculate the unknown standard deviation of background noise. The proposed architecture is developed using MATLAB to simulate the suggested denoising method. The performance of the proposed denoising method is studied in terms of integral gain 𝐺 of feedback control and window size 𝑀 with respect to the improvement in SNR and settling time. The results imply that the proposed denoising architecture is suitable for real-time denoising applications with acceptable improvement in SNR approximately 8 dB.
Assessment age of air and thermal comfort in a classroom by adopting displacement ventilation with chilled ceiling system
Authors:   College of Engineering, University of Babylon, Iraq, Shbeeb Ali Aedan , Mahdi Ala'a Abbas ,   College of Engineering, University of Babylon, Iraq, Hussein Ahmed Kadhim ,   College of Engineering, University of Babylon, Iraq
Published: August 2021

This study aims to investigate the effect of the cooling load ratio covered by the chilled ceiling on the age of air and comfort level in a classroom in a hot and dry climate in Iraq-Hilla city. Air age, air exchange efficiency, and concentrations of pollutants in a classroom are investigated numerically by used AIRPAK software under displacement ventilation combined with a chilled ceiling system. Four cases are studied at different values of the cooling load covered by the chilled ceiling (0%, 25%, 50%, 80%) with respect to total classroom cooling load. Cooling load removes by chilled ceiling varied from (0 to 84.5 W/m2) based on the classroom area, and its temperature varied between (17.5-22.5oC). The displacement ventilation airflow rate was kept at 0.3m3/s, and the air temperature supply varied between (19.5-24.5oC) depend on the amount of cooling load covered by displacement ventilation. The results showed that the mean local air age increasing with height. The room mean air age increase and air exchange efficiency reduce with increasing load portion, which treated by the chilled ceiling. Increasing the portion of the load treated by chilled ceiling tends to improve comfort levels.
Study of the Influence of the Aggressive Environment on the Behavior of Reactive Powder Concrete
Authors: Chadli Mounira
Published: August 2021

Reactive Powder Concrete (RPC) currently represents the family of cementitious matrix materials with properties the most exceptional mechanics and durability. This study aims to investigate the physico-mechanical properties, and the durability in a sulphated environment of a reactive powder concrete using materials available in our region, we have integrated materials rich in silica (slag, silica fume and crushed quartz) in Portland cement with 15, 23 and 25%, respectively. After The remove of the specimens from the mold and place the RPC in the curing box under steam curing conditions of 90 ° C for 72h, let them cool naturally for 24 h, the test pieces are immersed in water at 20 ° C, the specimens are broken in flexion and compression. From this study we can make the following conclusions: The incorporation of additions increases the compressive and flexural tensile strengths, which gives an improvement in the compactness of the mixtures by the pozzolanic effect of these last, by removing the particle size phase in the RPC and the affluence of dune sand (southern Algeria) and slag (industrial waste from the iron ore blast furnace), because Na2SO4 has a major effect on the compressive strength notably for non-fibrous formulations. NaOH improve the compressive strength for all formulation.
Shaping Post-Christendom Spiritual Practice in the United Church of Canada One Prayer Shawl at a Time
Authors:   , Piercy Mary Elizabeth
Published: August 2021

Although shawls have been fashioned in one way or another for hundreds of years, this research is focused around the special shawl-making of the relatively new Christian prayer shawl ministry that has developed in North America over the last two decades and, specifically, in the United Church of Canada. This thesis is a qualitative research study of six such prayer shawl ministries within southern Ontario. My interviews with prayer shawl groups for this research has led me to conclude that this ministry is significant in three vital ways: (1) personally, this ministry often mediates a life transition of the crafter and the recipient, (2) theologically, prayer shawls are tacitly understood to be blessing, sacramental, and a spiritual practice, and (3) culturally, this ministry provides a flexible and non-threatening form of outreach in a post-Christian setting.
Quantifying biological responses of catch-and-release angling in understudied fish species and practices
Authors:   , Card Jamie T.
Published: August 2021

Many catch-and-release angling events involve air exposure and exhaustive exercise that elicit a physiological stress response, and depending on a variety of factors, delayed mortality is a possible outcome. There have been ample studies in this area, however, significant gaps exist in the literature for species that are targeted by more specialized anglers, such as freshwater drum (Aplodinotus grunniens). I quantified physiological and reflex responses in freshwater drum following angling, across seasons. Once a fish was on the line, the fight duration and time exposed to air were varied to account for differences in angler skill level (fight time range: 5 s to 2 min; air exposure range: 20 s to 3 min). Location and severity of injury were determined, blood biopsies were taken to quantify physiological stress, and reflex impairment was assessed. Thirtyone percent of fish captured were deeply hooked in the esophagus tissue. Freshwater drum experienced a disruption in homeostasis as blood glucose, plasma cortisol and plasma lactate increased significantly from baseline values following angling. Additionally, seasonal differences were observed for blood glucose and plasma cortisol as higher values were observed in the summer when compared to the spring. The ‘orientation’ reflex was the most frequently impaired (29 % of fish lacked this reflex), but impairment did not differ seasonally. Because freshwater drum have the largest latitudinal range of any North American freshwater fish and are being targeted more frequently by anglers as of late, it is important to fill this knowledge gap regarding their responses to angling events to develop best practices for anglers to promote conservation. The wide distribution of freshwater drum may also make them a candidate model species for addressing the convergence between assessing the impacts of catch-and-release angling and other environmental issues facing freshwater fishes, such as climate change.
The world pandemic- experiment developing deglobalisation
Authors: Kristina Jganjgava Kristina Jganjgava
Published: August 2021

Globalization is the result of the development of civilization. This process has helped reduce transportation costs around the world, resulting in an increase in travelers around the world. Travel is even recognized as an important determinant of the spread of the disease. Therefore, globalization has become the mechanism of transmission of the infectious disease coronavirus (Covid-19) worldwide. Thus, coronavirus-related events pose additional practical and symbolic challenges to the globalization agenda. The purpose of this article is to determine the potential impact of the pandemic on the future direction of globalization.
Keywords: Covid-19, Deglobalisation, Economic Impact.
Georgia’s Transit Potential – Country’s Competitive Advantage
Authors: Giorgi Abashishvili Giorgi Abashishvili
Published: August 2021

The recent years witnessed the repeated urgency of Georgia's transport potential. In parallel, Georgia's
role in the BRI initiative has become clear. Consequently, Georgia's capabilities have become clearer, however, there are still issues in this regard, the study of which will greatly help the country to achieve SDGs and increase efficiency.
To achieve the above objective, complex recommendations have been developed within the scope of the survey that will significantly increase the country's transport potential and attractiveness; however, it should also be noted that the impact of the transit corridor on the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to promote inclusive economic development/growth in the long-term perspective should be considered.
The survey is dedicated to the analysis of Georgia's transit potential, opportunities, existing problems, challenges and prospects, as well as recommendations for the use of this potential to achieve the country's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which analyzes the country's top priorities, current risks and economic development opportunities.
Keywords: Transit potential
Principal Supervision Effect on Primary School Teacher Performance
Authors: Barkah Januar , Hidayat Fahmi , Nurbaity Nurbaity
Published: August 2021

The aims of this study were to determine the effect of principal's supervision on teacher performance. This type of research is a quantitative descriptive research. The population in this study were 43 people from the Integrated Islamic Elementary School, South Jakarta. Samples were taken as much as 30% of the total population, the number of samples in this study amounted to 43 respondents. The instrument used is a questionnaire. This study concludes that: There is an effect of supervision on teacher performance. Based on the tcount value for Supervision (X) of 6,937 while the ttable value for n = 43 is 2,048. So 6,937 > 2,048 or rcount > ttable, because the hypothesis is formulated, if the value of tcount > ttable, then H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. Meanwhile, based on the correlations table, R of 0,735 was obtained using the formula KD = R2 x 100%, the result was 54,02%.
Identifikasi Tingkat Pemakaian Obat Menggunakan Metode Fuzzy C-Means
Authors: Rusnedy Hidayati , Nurcahyo Gunadi Widi , Sumijan S
Published: August 2021

Obat merupakan salah satu komponen tak tergantikan dalam pelayanan Kesehatan yang dapat membantu dalam mengobati masyarakat yang sakit. Perencanaan kebutuhan obat merupakan salah satu aspek penting dalam pengelolaan obat, karena berpengaruh pada pengadaan, peredaran dan penggunaan obat di unit pelayanan kesehatan.  Perencanaan kebutuhan obat yang tepat akan menjadikan pengadaan efektif dan efisien sehingga sesuai dengan kebutuhan pelayanan kesehatan dengan kualitas yang terjamin dan dapat diperoleh pada saat dibutuhkan. Puskesmas merupakan salah satu pelayanan kesehatan yang dikelola di bawah Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten dan Kota. Namun pada kenyataannya masih terdapat kendala dalam proses pengadaan obat di Puskesmas sehingga belum mencapai pelayanan prima terkait ketersediaan pelayanan obat.  Clustering dalam Data Mining dapat digunakan untuk menganalisa pemakaian obat-obatan, perencanaan dan pengendalian obat-obatan di Puskesmas. Metode yang akan digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah algoritma Fuzzy C-Means yang merupakan metode pembelajaran mesin tanpa pengawasan yang paling banyak digunakan dan relatif berhasil di antara banyak algoritma pengelompokan fuzzy. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengelompokkan data obat-obatan yang dapat digunakan sebagai referensi dalam pengambilan keputusan dalam perencanaan dan pengendalian pasokan medis di puskesmas tersebut. Berdasarkan 501 record data LPLPO Bulanan Farmasi pada bulan Oktober 2020-Februari 2021, didapatkan hasil cluster satu sebanyak 179 jenis obat yang termasuk ke dalam tingkat pemakaian rendah, cluster 2 terdapat 18 jenis obat yang termasuk ke dalam tingkat pemakaian sedang dan cluster 3 sebanyak 4 jenis obat yang termasuk ke dalam tingkat pemakaian tinggi
RISK FACTORS FOR DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY AMONG NON INSULIN DEPENDENT PATIENTS WHO ATTENDED CITY HALL'S STAFF CLINIC IN KUALA LUMPUR
Authors: Umi Ahmad  , Md. Idris Mohd Nor  , Osman Ali
Published: August 2021

Diabetes mellitus and its main complication, nephropathy, affects the economic wellbeing and quality of life of the sufferers and the population. A matched case control study was conducted in September 1998 to investigate the factors involved with nephropathy such as diabetic control, smoking, hypertension, family history of diabetes and  diabetic duration.   Respondents   were  classified   based  on   the   presence   of  microalbuminuria   or macroalbuminuria. Seventy-two  pairs  of  case  and  control  were  studied.  Duration  of  diabetes  (p  = 0.005), presence of lethargy and weakness prior to diabetes diagnosis (p = 0.019), duration of smoking (p = 0.014), duration of hypertension (p= 0.000), systolic hypertension (p= 0.025), uncontrolled diabetes with poor HbAlc level (p= 0.026) and lack of diabetes knowledge (p = 0.037) were factors which related significantly to nephropathy by univariate analysis. In multivariate analysis, systolic hypertension (p = 0.0015), lack of diabetes knowledge (p = 0.0197), presence of lethargy symptom (p = 0.0027), prolonged diabetic duration (p = 0.0301) and higher body mass indices ( p = 0.0213) were predictors to diabetic nephropathy.
In Memoriam: Dan Tawfik
Authors: Futerman Anthony
Published: August 2021

The biochemist Dan Tawfik passed away in May 2021 at age sixty-five and yet the height of his powers. Dan’s scientific research focused on proteins and, in particular, on enzyme evolution. Recently he had begun working on the most difficult challenge in biochemical evolution: reconstructing the metabolic pathways that may have led to the emergence of the first functional proteins.
AIDED DESIGN OF TRANSPORT CONTAINERS FOR AIRCRAFT UNITS AND PANELS
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State Technical University, D.V. Yastrebov  , E.N. Zguralskaya  ,   Ulyanovsk State Technical University, D.V. Egorychev  ,   Ulyanovsk State Technical University
Published: August 2021

The paper describes the automation of the process of developing design documentation for containers for non-standard large-sized aircraft units and panels. The software is described, the use of which can significantly reduce the design and manufacturing time, unify individual elements of the container, which together will lead to a significant reduction in the production costs of the enterprise, as well as to a decrease in the cost of the aircraft.
ENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT OF AN ENTERPRISE AS A TOOL FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State Agrarian University named after P.A. Stolypin, Navasardyan A.A. , Nuretdinov I.G. ,   Ulyanovsk State Technical University
Published: August 2021

The article deals with one of the economic tools for environmental management – environmental audit. Currently, this type of audit is in demand in the market of environmental services for several reasons – the presence of a good environmental image as one of the competitive advantages, and the prevention of violations of environmental legislation, etc. In addition, the work carried out a step-by-step calculation of the cost of audit services for a specific organization related to nature users operating category II facilities, taking into account its financial indicators, the scale of activities and other factors.
AUTOMATION OF DIAGNOSTIC METHODS FOR POLYMERIC COMPOSITE MATERIALS
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State Technical University, Dmitrienko G.V. , Mukhin D.V. ,   Ulyanovsk State Technical University
Published: August 2021

The issues of automation of the PCM diagnostics process in laboratory and factory conditions, through the use phased array antennas.
DEVELOP AN INTEGRATED TECHNICAL SITUATION CONTROL SYSTEM TO CONTROL HIGH QUALITY HELICOPTERS BASED ON FIBER OPTIC TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Markova E.V. , Al-Darabseh A.M. ,   Ulyanovsk State Technical University, Daba’bneh I.E. ,   Ulyanovsk State Technical University, Ahmed A.R. ,   Ulyanovsk State Technical University, Arazveliev B.T. ,   Ulyanovsk State Technical University
Published: August 2021

This article draws attention to the difficulties in developing an integrated approach, especially the evaluation and evaluation of the main helicopter technology. Fiber optic technology is a technology that allows you to create a unified system. This allows the measurement of various physical parameters such as vibration, distortion, temperature, volume and other parameters, given the magnitude of optical fiber science. RMB can be integrated into production, which is an important factor in the amount of RMB related to the design and manufacture of helicopters. The test results, the test bench, and the rotor of the helicopter and light using optical fiber transmission in the Prague fiber optic filter emphasize the importance of developing technology to track the helicopter's use of optical fiber. Other embodiments of the use of optical transmission systems that use fiber-optic technology, such as cable warning of explosives and helicopter damage as well as system weight and transitions. The conduction system monitors air technology.
APPLICATION OF ANTIFRICTION COATINGS TO REDUCE CONTACT FRICTION IN STRETCH-FORMING PROCESS OF DOUBLE CURVATURE SHELLS ON A DIES MADE OF ALUMINUM ALLOYS
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State Technical University, Rivin G.L. , Karpukhin E.G. ,   Ulyanovsk State Technical University, Koshkina A.O. ,   Ulyanovsk State Technical University
Published: August 2021

The article presents the results of research on antifriction coatings for use on die made of aluminum alloys. The expediency of using antifriction coatings to reduce friction when stretch-forming of double curvature shells is justified. To substantiate this, we performed numerical modeling of the skin-tight forming process in the «LS-dyna» CAE system. According to the results of modeling, the following relationship is observed: the lower the coefficient of friction, the more evenly distributed the thinning deformations over the thickness of the blank in stretch-forming. Test modes for determining the coefficient of friction on the MTU-01 friction machine and methods for obtaining other basic functional and technological properties of antifriction coatings are described. The antifriction and technological properties of coatings, such as the coefficient of friction, adhesion, wear resistance, conditional hardness, the time and temperature of polymerization of the coating are determined.
ON THE ISSUE OF OPTIMIZATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT FOR THE TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS OF ASSEMBLING AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State Technical University, Kudryashov V. A. , Fedorov A.A. ,   Ulyanovsk State Technical University, Koshkina A.O. ,   Ulyanovsk State Technical University, Karpukhin E.G. ,   Ulyanovsk State Technical University
Published: August 2021

The article analyzes the most successful results of riveting and Assembly work, the use of anti-friction coating on the beds of the Assembly device, and reflects the advantages and technical capabilities of production at the current stage of development. The problem statement is formulated as follows: it is necessary to find the optimal parameters of the technological process in the production of aircraft components used in the design of short-and medium-haul aircraft. The optimal technological process in terms of time resources, material costs, and design weight at different levels of serial production were considered as optimization criteria in this study. Numerical modeling and optimization of workflow parameters were performed in the NASTRAN СAE system (NX). For each of the combinations of optimized process variables, parameters were determined based on numerical modeling. Analysis of the optimization results showed that the growth of parameters of the working process leads to an expansion of the area of locally optimal parameters. With optimal parameters of the working process, you can expect to optimize the cost of work up to 30 percent.
RECOGNITION OF RADIO EXCHANGE VOICE MESSAGES IN AVIATION BASED ON CORRELATION ANALYSIS
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Andriyanov N.A.
Published: August 2021

The paper considers the problem of speech messages recognition in phraseological radio exchange for tasks of civil aviation. The introduction substantiates the relevance of this problem. The following are research methods based on correlation analysis. Finally, a description of the experiment and the results of the recognition algorithms based on correlation analysis are given. Various variants were recorded for five speech messages and spectral representations of such signals were constructed. Spectral transform can be obtained either using specialized software or based on the Fourier transform of the signal in the time domain. To obtain a more universal reference signal and eliminate the influence of interference, the spectral components of the same speech message recorded several times were averaged. In fact, three spectra of the same speech message were used for averaging. This spectrum averaging over three training components provided a reference sample of phrases or patterns for each phrase, and reduced the influence of additive white Gaussian noise in the reference. Later, on the basis of correlation analysis, the connections between test phrases and all patterns were calculated. On the basis of these connections, a correlation matrix of reference phrases is built. Research has shown that phrases spoken by one person were highly correlated. The analysis showed that the choice of the class (the content of the speech message) when solving the recognition problem corresponding to the value of the correlation coefficient closest to one provides over 90% of correct recognitions on a test sample containing a total of 100 phrases, 20 for each phrase. It should be noted that, when recording test messages, an additive white Gaussian noise was additionally present as a background, reproduced by another audio device. In the case of information analysis without artificially generated noise, the probability of correct recognition for a test sample of 100 phrases, 20 for each phrase, is 100% when using correlation analysis.
The evolving role and utility of off-label drug use in multiple myeloma
Authors: Stoeckle James H , Davies Faith E , Williams Louis , Boyle Eileen M , Morgan Gareth J
Published: August 2021

The treatment landscape for multiple myeloma (MM) has dramatically changed over the last three decades, moving from no US Food and Drug Administration approvals and two active drug classes to over 19 drug approvals and at least eight different active classes. The advances seen in MM therapy have relied on both a structured approach to obtaining new labels and cautious off-label drug use. Although there are country and regional differences in drug approval processes, many of the basic principles behind off-label drug use in MM can be summarized into four main categories: 1) use of a therapy prior to the current approval regulations; 2) widespread use of a therapy following the release of promising clinical trial results but prior to drug approval; 3) use of a cheap therapy supported by clinical safety and efficacy data but without commercial backing; and 4) niche therapies for small well-defined patient populations where large clinical trials with sufficient power may be difficult to perform. This review takes a historical approach to discuss how off-label drug use has helped to shape the current treatment approach for MM.
Chemical syntheses and salient features of azulene-containing homo- and copolymers
Authors: Shetti Vijayendra S
Published: August 2021

Azulene is a non-alternant, aromatic hydrocarbon with many exciting characteristics such as having a dipole moment, bright color, stimuli responsiveness, anti-Kasha photophysics, and a small HOMO–LUMO gap when compared to its isomer, naphthalene. These properties make azulene-containing polymers an intriguing entity in the field of functional polymers, especially for organic electronic applications like organic field-effect transistors (OFET) and photovoltaic (PV) cells. Since azulene has a fused five and seven-membered ring structure, it can be incorporated onto the polymer backbone through either of these rings or by involving both the rings. These azulene-connection patterns can influence the properties of the resulting polymers and the chemical synthesis in comparison to the electrochemical synthesis can be advantageous in obtaining desired patterns of substitution. Hence, this review article presents a comprehensive overview of the developments that have taken place in the last three decades in the field of chemical syntheses of azulene-containing homo- and copolymers, including brief descriptions of their key properties.
Building Peace through DDR Programs: Lessons from Reintegrating Boko Haram Ex-Recruits in Cameroon
Authors: Belporo Lydie
Published: August 2021

In the countries of the Lake Chad Basin, Boko Haram’s emergence has created major new security challenges for the region’s governments. Cameroon’s Far North region, the most populous in the country, is at the heart of these security issues. Since late 2020, Boko Haram has intensified attacks in Far North localities with assassinations targeting civilians, kidnappings, and looting in small towns along the Nigerian border. In response, the Cameroonian government has pursued a hardline strategy and militarized the affected localities. In addition to arbitrary arrests, prolonged pre-trial detention, prison overcrowding, and the death penalty are all sources of concern. This policy note outlines core findings from a case study of the Boko Haram ex-associates reintegration process in Cameroon. The note examines how existing community norms or mechanisms might be as useful as more standard approaches to disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration (DDR) in addressing challenges presented by Boko Haram ex-associates in Cameroon.
ETIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF INFECTIOUS MENINGITIS AT “DR V. BABES” CLINICAL HOSPITAL OF INFECTIOUS AND TROPICAL DISEASES, BUCHAREST
Authors:   Infectious Diseases Department II “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Ceausu Emanoil , Florescu Simin-Aysel ,   Infectious Diseases Department II “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Nica Maria ,   Infectious Diseases Department II “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Smadu Sebastian ,   “Dr. Victor Babes” Clinical Hospital for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Bucharest, Codreanu Daniel ,   “Dr. Victor Babes” Clinical Hospital for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Bucharest, Oprisan Corina ,   “Dr. Victor Babes” Clinical Hospital for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Bucharest, Dascalu Ana Maria ,   “Dr. Victor Babes” Clinical Hospital for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Bucharest, Oprea Cristiana ,   Infectious Diseases Department II “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Lazar Stefan ,   Infectious Diseases Department II “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Popescu Corneliu ,   Infectious Diseases Department II “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Kosa Alma ,   “Dr. Victor Babes” Clinical Hospital for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Bucharest, Calistru Petre I. ,   Infectious Diseases Department II “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest
Published: August 2021

Infectious meningitis is a serious medical problem that can be fatal if treatment is delayed. Objectives. There are presented clinical and laboratory aspects of patients with suspected meningitis, presented and hospitalized during 2014-2017 at Hospital for Infectious and Tropical Diseases Dr V. Babes Bucharest. Clinical and paraclinical variables that show statistically significant differences depending on the etiology of meningitis have been identified. Methods. Patients who showed signs and symptoms according to the case definition would be included in the study. Clinical and laboratory values were recorded in a database which was then processed to identify statistically significant differences between the group of patients with suspicion only but subsequently not ill against the group of confirmed, and also among different subgroups within the confirmed. Results. Of the 97 cases of infectious meningitis included within 3 years, 53 cases (55%) were viral, 31 (32%) bacterial, one case of fungal meningitis and 12 cases of tuberculous meningitis.
REZISTENŢA LA INRT LA PACIENŢII MULTIPLU EXPERIMENTAŢI DIN CONSTANŢA: IMPLICAŢII TERAPEUTICE
Authors:   Spitalul Clinic de Boli Infecţioase, Constanţa, Cernat Roxana-Carmen , Dumitru Irina Magdalena ,   Spitalul Clinic de Boli Infecţioase, Constanţa,   Universitatea „Ovidius“, Constanţa, Oţelea D. ,   Institutul Naţional de Boli Infecţioase „Prof. Dr. Matei Balş“, Bucureşti, Rugină Sorin ,   Spitalul Clinic de Boli Infecţioase, Constanţa,   Universitatea „Ovidius“, Constanţa
Published: August 2021

Obiective. Identificarea prevalenţei rezistenţei dobândite la INRT (inhibitorii non-nucleozidici de reverstranscriptază) şi al profilelor de rezistenţă la un lot de pacienţi cu multiple scheme de terapie antiretrovirală din Constanţa şi evaluarea opţiunilor terapeutice remanente. Material şi metode. Studiu retrospectiv ce a inclus 144 pacienţi seropozitivi HIV, multiplu experimentaţi terapeutic, aflaţi în eşec virusologic. Tulpinile izolate de la aceşti pacienţi au fost analizate în Laboratorul de Genetică Moleculară al Institutului Naţional de Boli Infecţioase „Matei Balş“ din Bucureşti, secvenţele rezultate fiind salvate în format Fasta. Subtiparea HIV-1 s-a efectuat pe baza algoritmului „REGA HIV-1&2 Automated subtyping tool version 2.0“. Pentru determinarea opţiunile terapeutice s-a utilizat „Stanford HIVdb Program version 8.4“. Datele au fost prelucrate statistic cu programul R-Project. Reprezentările grafice au fost realizate cu programul GNUPLOT. Rezultate. Prevalenţa rezistenţei dobândite a fost de 92,36%. Cea mai frecventă mutaţie a fost la nivelul codonului 184. Calea TAM-2 a fost mai frecvent selectată decât TAM-1, existând şi asociaţii între cele două căi; în schimb, mutaţia K65R a fost rar întâlnită. Concluzii. Prevalenţa rezistenţei dobândite la INRT a fost crescută. Opţiunea terapeutică cea mai valoroasă în clasa INRT a ramas tenofovirul, datorită profilului mutaţional selectat, mai ales din cauza neutilizării lui şi a folosirii extensive anterioare a analogilor timidinici.
PARTICULARITĂŢI ÎN INFECŢIILE BACTERIENE SEVERE LA PACIENŢII CU INFECŢIE HIV, UTILIZATORI DE DROGURI INJECTABILE
Authors:   Spitalul Clinic de Boli Infecţioase şi Tropicale „Victor Babeş“, Bucureşti, Ianache Irina , Oprea Cristiana ,   Spitalul Clinic de Boli Infecţioase şi Tropicale „Victor Babeş“, Bucureşti,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti
Published: August 2021

Consumul de droguri injectabile a devenit în ultima perioadă o problemă majoră de sănătate publică atât la nivel global, cât şi în România. Incidenţa infecţiei HIV şi a hepatitelor virale la utilizatorii de droguri injectabile a înregistrat în ţara noastră o creștere alarmantă, mai ales în contextul apariţiei unor noi substanţe (denumite etnobotanice) cu efect înalt adictiv, care asociază comportamente nesterile de injectare şi efecte nocive încăinsuficient cunoscute. Pe fondul imunodepresiei secundare infecţiei HIV la acești pacienţi pot să apară complicaţii infecţioase severe, cu evoluţie clinică nefavorabilă şi risc crescut de deces. În acest articol vom prezenta principalele infecţii bacteriene care sunt mai frecvent diagnosticate la utilizatorii de droguri injectabile. Endocarditele bacteriene la IDU sunt produse cel mai frecvent prin infecţia valvelor tricuspide cu Staphylococcus aureus. Alte infecţii descrise mai frecvent la aceşti pacienţi sunt cele cu localizare la nivel cutanat/ţesuturi moi, infecţii ale tractului respirator (pe fondul alterării mecanismelor locale de apărare) şi infecţii cu transmitere sexuală, în contextul unui comportament sexual la risc, influenţat frecvent de consumul de droguri recreaţionale, practică cunoscută sub numele de „ChemSEX“, mai ales în rândul bărbaţilor care au raporturi sexuale cu persoane de același sex. La acești pacienţi, utilizatori de droguri injectabile, au fost descrise și cazuri de botulism și tetanos, cu poartă de intrare la nivelul plăgii de injectare şi chiar epidemii de antrax. Pacienţii seropozitivi HIV care utilizează droguri injectabile necesită îngrijiri complexe, deseori multidisciplinare și, uneori, intervenţie chirurgicală.
ENDOCARDITA INFECŢIOASĂ CU COXIELLA BURNETII
Authors:   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Grigore T. Popa“, Iaşi, Pleşca Claudia-Elena ,   Spitalul Clinic de Boli Infecţioase „Sfânta Parascheva“, Iaşi, Miftode Larisa ,   Spitalul Clinic de Boli Infecţioase „Sfânta Parascheva“, Iaşi, Traci Ileana ,   Spitalul Clinic de Boli Infecţioase „Sfânta Parascheva“, Iaşi, Loghin Isabela Ioana ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Grigore T. Popa“, Iaşi,   Spitalul Clinic de Boli Infecţioase „Sfânta Parascheva“, Iaşi, Miftode Egidia Gabriela ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Grigore T. Popa“, Iaşi,   Spitalul Clinic de Boli Infecţioase „Sfânta Parascheva“, Iaşi
Published: August 2021

Febra Q este o antropozoonoză determinată de patogenul Coxiella burnetii, o bacterie gram-negativă obligatoriu intracelulară. Apariţia infecţiei la specia umană se realizează prin inhalarea de aerosoli sau praf contaminat de la animalele domestice infectate (ovine, bovine, caprine) şi mai rar prin ingestie de lapte nepasteurizat, muşcătură de căpuşă sau interuman. Endocardul este unul dintre situsurile principale de localizare a infecţiei, mai ales în contextul unei evoluţii de lungă durată a bolii, iar decompensarea cardiacă duce frecvent la deces în absenţa unui diagnostic corect şi a unui tratament corespunzător (1). Vom prezenta cazul unui pacient de sex masculin, în vârstă de 37 de ani, fără antecedente personale patologice cunoscute, care se internează în Spitalul Clinic de Boli Infecţioase „Sfânta Parascheva“ din Iaşi acuzând tuse productivă, astenie marcată, dispnee la eforturi medii şi dureri la nivelul articulaţiei scapulohumerale stângi, cu iradiere în membrul superior stâng. Examenul clinic a obiectivat hipocratism digital, suflu sistolo-diastolic pe toată aria precordială şi hepatosplenomegalie, iar examenele de laborator au evidenţiat prezenţa sindromului inflamator, colestază şi hepatocitoliză. Ecocardiografic se vizualizează o formaţiune hiperecogenă la nivelul valvei aortice, precum şi disfuncţie valvulară severă. Se stabileşte diagnosticul de endocardită infecţioasă pe valvă aortică şi se instituie antibioterapia de primo-intenţie constând în tripla asociere cefotaxim, amikacină şi vancomicină. Hemoculturile recoltate la internare au fost negative, în schimb, pozitivarea testelor serologice de fază I, respectiv II pt C. burnetii au impus remanierea terapiei cu doxiciclină şi cotrimoxazol începând cu a zecea zi de spitalizare, cu evoluţie ulterioară favorabilă. Particularitatea cazului a vizat manifestările clinice atipice, absenţa febrei şi a contextului epidemiologic sugestiv pentru febră Q.
EOZINOFILIA – FACTOR TRIGGER PENTRU TROMBOZA VENOASĂ PROFUNDĂ ŞI EMBOLIA PULMONARĂ LA UN PACIENT CU TROMBOFILIE
Authors:   Fundatia „Victor Babeş“, Bucureşti, Constantin Marilena , Zamfirescu Gabriel ,   Fundatia „Victor Babeş“, Bucureşti, Voinea Cristina ,   Fundatia „Victor Babeş“, Bucureşti, Constantinescu Sorin ,   Fundatia „Victor Babeş“, Bucureşti
Published: August 2021

Introducere. Infiltratele pulmonare şi eozinofilia reprezintă un grup heterogen de afecţiuni determinate de factori intrinseci si extrinseci. Factorii extrinseci reprezentaţi de medicaţie sau agenţi infecţioşi declanşează un răspuns eozinofilic imun. Raportăm cazul unui pacient de 53 ani, bărbat, cu infiltrat pulmonar si eozinofilie, secundare infecţiei cu Toxocara canis, care a fost diagnosticat cu tromboză venoasă profundă şi embolie pulmonară la o lună de la diagnosticul infecţiei cu Toxocara canis. Investigaţiile ulterioare au arătat prezenţa statusului procoagulant. Prezentarea cazului. În martie 2015, pacientul, în vârstă de 53 ani, s-a prezentat la consultaţie pentru durere intensă la nivelul toracelui posterior accentuată de inspir profund. Examenul clinic a fost în limite normale, dar tomografia computerizată fără substanţă de contrast efectuată în urgenţă a arătat infiltrat pulmonar la baza plămânului stâng cu reacţie pleurală. Analizele de sânge au indicat leucocite la limita superioară, eozinofilie (21,5%, 2.050/mm3) şi sindrom inflamator. Investigaţiile pentru eozinofilie au arătat reacţie pozitivăpentru Toxocara canis. Se începe tratamentul cu Albendazol 800 mg/zi cu răspuns favorabil. La interval de o lună, pacientul se prezintă pentru durere la nivelul gambei drepte. Testul pentru D-Dimer a fost intens pozitiv, ecografia Doppler venos confirmă diagnosticul de tromboză venoasă profundă, iar tomografia computerizată cu substanţă de contrast a descris embolie pulmonară. Pacientul a început tratamentul anticoagulant. A efectuat analizele de trombofilie care au fost pozitive pentru MTHFR A 1298C homozigot şi gena PAI1 675. Discuţii. Infecţiile cu helminţi se asociază cu eozinofilie. Helminţii care migrează spre viscere, cum este şi cazul Toxocarei canis, produc răspuns eozinofilic înalt. Întrebarea la care am încercat să răspundem a fost dacă eozinofilia a fost responsabilă pentru tromboze sau a reprezentat doar un factor de risc. Întrucât douăteste genetice pentru trombofilie au fost pozitive (MTHFR A 1298C homozigot şi gena PAI1 675), s-a considerat apariţia trombozei venoase şi a emboliei pulmonare în contextul statusului procoagulant al pacientului. Concluzii. Acest caz clinic subliniază implicarea eozinofiliei ca factor trigger pentru embolia pulmonară şi tromboza venoasă profundă.
BENIGN JOINT HYPERMOBILITY SYNDROME
Authors:   Alessandrescu-Rusescu National Institute for Mother and Child Health, Bucharest, Covaci Sigrid ,   Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest,   Sf. Maria University Hospital, Bucharest, Farkas Oana-Maria ,   Alessandrescu-Rusescu National Institute for Mother and Child Health, Bucharest,   Dr. I. Cantacuzino University Hospital, Bucharest, Cochino Alexis-Virgil ,   Alessandrescu-Rusescu National Institute for Mother and Child Health, Bucharest,   Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest
Published: August 2021

Musculoskeletal pain is the most common cause of presentation in rheumatology service. Most frequent causes of joint pain are noninflammatory conditions, with benign joint hypermobility syndrome (BJHS) being one of them. BJHS is not an actual disease but an inherited variation of normal. Some clinical features of this syndrome can lead to confusion with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) and therefore to unjustified treatment, which makes its recognition mandatory. A case of BJHS in a 11-year-old girl is presented; the patient was initially diagnosed as JIA and received immunosuppressive treatment for 2 years.
PARADOXICAL CROHN’S DISEASE – MYTH OR REALITY?
Authors:   Rheumatology 2 Department, Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, Iasi, Pomirleanu Cristina ,   Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Mihai Catalina ,   Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. Spiridon University Hospital, Iasi,   Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Ancuta Codrina ,   Rheumatology 2 Department, Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, Iasi,   Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi
Published: August 2021

We report the clinical case of an emergent Crohn’s disease (CD) as a paradoxical effect after 24 months of successfully treatment with etanercept for active ankylosing spondylitis in a young women. Despite rapid and sustained response of articular disease (remission achieved as soon as three months and maintained through the entire period of administration), new onset intestinal manifestations developed during biological therapy. A complex assessment comprising clinical, endoscopic and histopathologic evaluation, associated with high levels of fecal calprotectin confirmed drug-induced inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) compatible with CD. Although optimal treatment strategy is not yet validated, discontinuation of putative etanercept and cycling to a monoclonal anti-TNF antibody (adalimumab) demonstrated positive outcomes for both articular and IBD. New onset CD may be considered as an immune-mediated injury induced etanercept and should be considered in any patient with spondylarthritis in whom IBD develops with a clear temporal relationship with TNF inhibitors, especially etanercept.
Theoretical calculation of some chemical properties of the cannabidiol (CBD) molecule
Authors: TOPRAK Şenol
Published: August 2021

Lately, many products with the active ingredient cannabidiol (CBD) have been sold around the world. Cannabidiol is an annual herb of the cannabis plant that is known to have no euphoric effects. Another type of terpenophenolic compound known as cannabinoids is also preserved in the structure of the cannabis plant. Products containing CBD are offered on the market as drugs, food supplements or dietary supplements. The US Food and Drug Administration FDA (Food and Drug Administration) has approved the oral solution of Epidiolex (cannabidiol) [CBD] for the treatment of epilepsy in patients aged two years and over. The legal assessment of commercial products containing cannabidiol (CBD) depends on the composition of the drugs available in pharmacies. Depending on whether the drugs also contain tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in their structure in addition to CBD, criminal narcotics convictions are also decisive. In our study, some parameters related to the chemical structure of the cannabidiol (CBD) molecule were calculated using the Gaussian 09W program and the GaussView 5.0 interface program.
Anti-diabetic Effects of Berberis cretica Extract in INS-1E Cells
Authors: DEVECİ Yiğit , GÜNAL SADIK Gamze , AKALIN Emine , KUŞOĞLU GÜLTEKİN Seda , YANIK Ayşegül , ATASEVER ARSLAN Belkis
Published: August 2021

Berberine has been used for the adjuvant treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia (high levels of fats), and hypertension (high blood pressure). Also, it has different effects on diarrhea, inflammation, and cancer. Berberine, is a profoundly common compound in Berberis species. Although Berberis cretica is one of the Berberis species, it is unknown whether it has anti-diabetic effects yet. Also, synergistic effects of various compounds together with berberin or similar chemical forms of berberine within Berberis species can lead to find new anti-diabetic agents. The aim of this study is to investigate possible drug potential of Berberis cretica extract containing berberine and, its potential signaling pathways on Rat Insulinoma (INS-1E) cells. According to our results, Berberis cretica extract has anti-apoptotic effects in INS-1E cells decreasing expression p53, p38 and Bax genes. Suppressive effects of Berberis cretica plant extracts on apoptotic signalling pathways in β cells show that the extract contents can have a drug potential for treatment of diabetes.
Reducing open access publication costs for biomedical researchers in the U.S.A.
Authors: Gorelick Daniel A. , Li Ye
Published: August 2021

Open Access (OA) publishing is a critical route for biomedical researchers to broadly disseminate their research results and comply with policies from funding agencies. A popular business model for OA publishing requires scientists to pay an article processing charge (APC). In the last two decades, APCs have risen well beyond inflation, posing a burden to scientists and funding agencies that often pay APCs on behalf of scientists. There are no policies in place that address the rising costs of APCs. Here, we examined the history of OA in biomedical research and analyzed the benefits and limitations of different OA policies and their effects on APCs.
CAPÍTULO 7 - DESENVOLVIMENTO RURAL
Authors: Valadares Alexandre Arbex , Ferreira Brancolina , Silveira Fernando Gaiger , Rauta Leonardo , Souza Marcelo Galiza Pereira de , Silva Raimundo Pires
Published: August 2021

Este capítulo retoma tais assuntos em diferentes espaços. A retrospectiva histórica do contexto em que foi elaborado o Estatuto da terra e em que nasceram, mais adiante, como movimentos sociais rurais, a Contag e o MST, é objeto da seção 2 deste capítulo; nesta ainda se procede à análise dos potenciais efeitos da Lei nº 13.001, de 2014, que lança as bases para uma política ampla de titulação privada dos lotes de assentamentos de reforma agrária.
CAPÍTULO 8 - IGUALDADE RACIAL
Authors: Lima Junior Antonio Teixeira , Paulo Carlos Alberto Santos de , Silva Luana Natielle Basilio e , Silva Josenilton Marques da , Silva Tatiana Dias
Published: August 2021

Este capítulo tem o objetivo de identificar questões importantes para a política de igualdade racial e para a situação social da população negra entre 2013 e 2014. A tarefa de seleção dessas questões não é simples, pois, por um lado, a política em questão tem apresentado diversos progressos, aprofundado sua abrangência e conquistado mais repercussão social.
CAPÍTULO 1 - PREVIDÊNCIA SOCIAL
Authors: Rangel, Leonardo Alves , Caetano, Marcelo Abi-Ramia
Published: August 2021

Este artigo discute sobre a revisão do critério de reajuste do salário mínimo e algumas considerações sobre o fator previdenciário e analisa a cobertura previdenciária, a necessidade de financiamento dos regimes (RGPS e RPPS) e os aspectos distributivos oriundos da renda previdenciária.
DP 0250 - Fiscal Fatigue and Public Debt Limit in Brazil: are we on sustainable path?
Authors: Pereira Rodrigo Mendes
Published: August 2021

In this paper I use Ghosh et al. (2013) approach to assess Brazil’s fiscal sustainability,
fiscal fatigue, and public debt limit. Using monthly data for the last 21 years, I estimate
Brazil’s fiscal reaction function and an eventual fiscal fatigue effect, which is a lack of
government’s will (or capability) to implement higher primary surpluses as a reaction
to higher levels of debt. I show that fiscal fatigue occurs at relatively mild levels of debt
in Brazil. I also define Brazil’s debt limit, which is the precise level of debt/GDP ratio
above which the debt dynamics becomes explosive, public debt becomes unpayable,
and the government invariably defaults. I show that the debt limit in Brazil is much
lower than the limits that have been estimated for advanced economies.