bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FİZİK ÖĞRETMENLERİNİN ÖĞRETİMDE TEKNOLOJİ KULLANIMINA YÖNELİK GÖRÜŞLERİ
Authors: Yılmaz Eray
Published: June 2018

Türkiye’nin fen okuryazarlığı alanında PISA’da
üst sıralara yükselebilmesinde ve FATİH projesinin amacına ulaşabilmesinde
özellikle lise düzeyindeki fen bilimleri öğretmenlerine büyük sorumluluklar
düşmektedir. Öğretmenlerin hem yeni teknolojileri kullanması hem de
teknolojinin öğrenme amacıyla nasıl kullanılacağını öğrenciye öğretmesi
bakımından lise öğretmenlerinin öğretimde teknoloji kullanımına yönelik
görüşleri önem kazanmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, fizik öğretmenlerinin
öğretimde teknoloji kullanımına ilişkin görüşlerini belirlemektir. Bu kapsamda Fen
Lisesi, Anadolu Lisesi ve Meslek lisesinden birer fizik öğretmeni ile görüşmeler
yapılmıştır. Araştırma verileri standartlaştırılmış açık uçlu görüşme formu ile
toplanmış ve betimsel analiz yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma
bulgularına göre; sınıf ortamındaki teknolojik olanaklar arasında farklılıklar
olduğu, fizik öğretmenlerinin etkileşimli tahta, bilgisayar ve projeksiyon
cihazı gibi teknolojileri, özellikle laboratuvar ortamında
gerçekleştiremedikleri deneylerin gösteriminde kullandıkları, tablet
bilgisayarların etkileşimli tahtalarla bağlantısının olmaması nedeniyle etkin
bir şekilde kullanılamadığı, öğretimde teknoloji kullanımına yönelik hizmetiçi
eğitimlerin ve Eğitim Bilişim Ağı’nda yer alan fizik branşındaki içeriğin
geliştirilmesi gerektiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
The Socio-cultural and ecological perspectives on landscape and gardening in Urban Environment: A narrative review
Authors: Uwajeh Patrick Chukwuemeke , Ezennia Ikenna Stephen
Published: June 2018

This review offers a perspective on the role landscape and gardening play in urban settings from a socio-cultural, and ecological dimension. The practice of cultivating in gardens, parks and vacant lots, creates community spaces, and are increasingly becoming important to peoples’ experience of social and cultural wellbeing. In recent times, this has become a major focus of research in ecology, agriculture, urban design, landscape architecture, human geography, and sociology. Community gardening is one of the avenues toward revitalizing urban environments, and it provides a way of addressing multi-faceted urban problems ranging from limited food access to safety and community cohesion. That being said, it is necessary to continually evaluate the roles which society, ecology, and culture play in cities and landscape planning due to the dynamic nature of culture. This article aims to bring to the fore, the various factors of landscape and gardening practices in cities and the dynamics of cultural and ecological effects they have in building communities, reclaiming communities or engendering a personal place to thrive. A narrative review of the literature on peer-reviewed articles within the scope of the study was adopted as the research method.
Realisasi dan Pengujian Antena Mikrostrip Array 4 Elemen dengan Polarisasi Melingkar untuk Aplikasi 4G/LTE
Authors: WIYANTO EDDY , ALAM SYAH , HARSONO BUDI
Published: June 2018

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini mengusulkan desain antena mikrostrip array empat elemen dengan polarisasi melingkar pada frekuensi kerja 2300 MHz untuk aplikasi 4G/LTE. Antena telah dirancang dan dipabrikasi menggunakan substrat jenis FR-4 Epoxy dengan nilai konstanta dielektrik (Ɛr) = 4.3, ketebalan substrat (h) = 1.6 mm dan loss tangen (tan δ) = 0.0265 dengan pencatu microstrip line. Polarisasi melingkar dengan axial ratio ≤ 3 dB dihasilkan dengan menggunakan metode truncated corner sedangkan untuk meningkatkan nilai gain digunakan metode array empat elemen. Dari hasil proses pengukuran diperoleh nilai koefisien refleksi sebesar -16.52 dB, VSWR sebesar 1.37 pada frekuensi kerja 2300 MHz dengan bandwidth yang diperoleh dari hasil pengukuran adalah 400 MHz (2050 MHz - 2450 MHz). Metode truncated corner berhasil menghasilkan polarisasi melingkar dengan nilai axial ratio 1.745 dB dan berhasil menghasilkan nilai gain sebesar 9.04 dB pada frekuensi kerja 2300 MHz untuk aplikasi LTE.Kata kunci: Antena, mikrostrip, koefisien refleksi, array, truncated corner ABSTRACTThis research proposed a four-element microstrip array antenna design withcircular polarization at a working frequency of 2300 MHz for 4G / LTEapplications. The antenna has been designed and fabricated using a FR-4 Epoxy substrate with a dielectric constant value (Ɛr) = 4.3, substrate thickness (h) = 1.6 mm and tangent loss (tan δ) = 0.0265 with microstrip line feeding. The circular polarization with axial ratio ≤3 dB was generated using the truncated corner method while for increasing the gain value used the four element array method. From the result of the measurement process, the reflection coefficient value is obtained -16.52 dB, VSWR of 1.37 at 2300 MHz working frequency with bandwidth obtained from the measurement result is 400 MHz (2050 MHz - 2450 MHz). The truncated corner method succeeded in generating a circular polarization with the axial ratio of 1.745 dB and succeeded to obtain the gain of 9.04 dB at work frequency of 2300 MHz for LTE application. Keywords: Antena, microstrip, reflection coefficient, array, truncated corner
Gestão da aquisição e dos estoques de medicamentos:estudo de caso no Hospital Universitário de Brasília (HUB)
Authors: Costa Carolina Dorneles Florêncio , Guarnieri Patricia
Published: June 2018

A profissionalização da logística, principalmente no que tange às compras e administração de estoques, pode ser uma das formas para otimizar recursos na administração hospitalar. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a gestão de estoques e aquisição de medicamentos do Hospital Universitário de Brasília (HUB) sob o enfoque logístico. Foi realizada uma pesquisa aplicada, descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa, cujo procedimento técnico foi o estudo de caso, a unidade de análise foi a Farmácia Hospitalar do HUB. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevistas, análise documental e observação direta. A análise de dados baseou-se na análise categorial temática. Constatou-se que as principais dificuldades referem-se à falta de integração entre os departamentos e às limitações de software de gerenciamento de compras e estoques. Ademais, o cunho público da instituição impede o relacionamento colaborativo com fornecedores e é calcado por restrições orçamentárias que prejudicam a prestação de serviços. The professionalization of logistics, especially in relation to purchasing and inventory management, can be one of the ways to generate the resources otimization in hospital administration. The objective of this article is to analyze stock management and medication acquisition at the Hospital Universitário de Brasília (HUB), under logistics perspective. For this purpose, it was carried out an applied, descriptive research, with qualitative approach. The technical procedure was the case study and the unit of analysis was the Hospital Pharmacy of the HUB. The data collection took place through interviews, documentary analysis and direct observation. The data analysis was based on categorical thematic analysis. As main results we can detach that the main difficulties are related to the lack of integration between departments and the limitations of purchasing and inventory management software. In addition, the public nature of the institution prevents the collaborative relationship with suppliers and is limited by budget constraints that hinder the provision of services.
Vestes e Espaço: um estudo simbólico no Tribunal de Contas do estado do Espírito Santo
Authors: Mothé Thiago , Chaves Adller Moreira
Published: June 2018

O presente estudo observou aspectos simbólicos no Tribunal de Contas do Estado do Espírito Santo (TCE-ES), através das vestimentas dos colaboradores e o espaço organizacional. Esses aspectos simbólicos demonstram algumas das características da identidade da organização. Seguindo o estudo de Pardini, Gonçalves e Kilimnik (2008) os indivíduos dentro do TCE-ES, através das vestimentas transmitem uma serie de signos e significações que constitui a identidade da organização, como por exemplo a posição hierárquica de cada um deles dentro do TCE-ES. Além disso, esse trabalho também destacou a forma que o espaço organizacional foi idealizado e construído, transmitindo os valores organizacionais para os indivíduos da organização e de fora dela, conforme estudo de Fischer (2010). No espaço organizacional do TCE-ES ficou claro para os pesquisadores a transmissão do valor organizacional “Ética e Transparência” e condição hierárquica dos setores da organização. The present study observed symbolic aspects in the Court of Audit of the State of Espírito Santo (TCE-ES), through employee dress and organizational space. These symbolic aspects demonstrate some of the characteristics of the organization's identity. Following the study of Pardini, Gonçalves and Kilimnik (2008), individuals within the TCE-ES, through the garments transmit a series of signs and meanings that constitutes the identity of the organization, such as the hierarchical position of each of them within the TCE -ES. In addition, this work also highlighted the way that organizational space was idealized and constructed, transmitting the organizational values to the individuals of the organization and from outside it, according to Fischer's study (2010). In the organizational space of the TCE-ES it was clear to the researchers the transmission of the organizational value "Ethics and Transparency" and hierarchical condition of the sectors of the organization.
Методичні підходи в обліковому відображенні торговельних знижок
Authors: Kulynych Miroslavа
Published: June 2018

У статті розглянуто економічну сутність знижок як частини маркетингової політики ціноутворення, визначено основну мету надання знижок. Здійснено аналіз й оцінку методичних підходів торговельних знижок, виходячи з природи їх виникнення. Обґрунтовано необхідність упровадження аналітичних рахунків доходів, які деталізують операції реалізації товарів із наданням знижок.Досліджено способи удосконалення обліку знижок на підприємствах торгівлі та запропоновано для конкретизації бухгалтерської інформації відкриття субрахунків за видами діяльності підприємства.
Стратегічні напрями політики енергоефективності в Україні
Authors: Lishchuk Vira , Lishchuk Michael , Moskovchuk Alla
Published: June 2018

У статті здійснено порівняльний аналіз енергоефективності країн світу і джерел формування енергетичного продукту. Простежено тенденції в структурі енергетичних ресурсів України. Узагальнено основні стратегічні завдання політики створення енергоефективного суспільства в Україні, виявлено недоліки та запропоновано напрями вдосконалення
Трансмісійний механізм циклічності інноваційного розвитку економіки
Authors: Osetskyi Valerii , Polivanov Vladimir
Published: June 2018

У статті досліджено сутність механізму інноваційної трансмісії циклічно-нерівномірного характеру розвитку економіки. Як засвідчує аналіз результатів дослідження, циклічні коливання інноваційної активності як суттєва характеристика національної економіки діють у нестійкому, невизначеному й слабопередбачуваному середовищі, насиченому ендогенними та екзогенними економічними факторами. Визначено доцільність дослідження різноманіття економічних імпульсів, імпульсів попиту й монетарних і фіскальних імпульсів, які різною мірою відповідальні за більшість циклічних коливань. Наголошено на необхідності вдосконалення інноваційної трансмісії та якісних змін у системі модернізації економіки
Модифікація моделі стратегічного розвитку підприємства з урахуванням екзогенних факторів
Authors: Momot Vladimir , Litvinenko Elena
Published: June 2018

У роботі проведено критичний аналіз відомих моделей стратегічного розвитку підприємства та зроблено висновок про необхідність подальшого розвитку відповідних у напрямі комбінування моделей, що ґрунтуються на концепції життєвого циклу організації з моделями, заснованими на врахуванні впливу зовнішніх факторів. Сформульовано гіпотезу стосовно впливу соціально-психологічних і ціннісних факторів на стратегічний розвиток організації та намічено способи емпіричної перевірки цієї гіпотези.
Стан та необхідність стандартизації державного фінансового контролю в Україні
Authors: Dolbneva Deniza
Published: June 2018

У статті розглянуто проблеми застосування стандартів державного фінансового контролю в Україні. На основі цього визначено сучасний стан стандартизації цього виду контролю, а також обґрунтовано потребу та передумови впровадження стандартів державного фінансового контролю в національну практику.
The Relationship between Development and Gender Equality
Authors: Williamson Myra
Published: June 2018

The Kuwait Nationality Law 1959 denies women the same rights as men to pass on their Kuwaiti citizenship to their husbands and children. This article draws on empirical research carried out in Kuwait. It seeks to explain Kuwaitis’ attitudes towards their Nationality Law within the context of feminist literature. The main argument put forward is that, not only is the NationalityLaw unconstitutional, but if the Kuwaiti Government is serious about attaining the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals—especially Goal 5—then it ought to immediately consider addressing the issue of gender inequality in the Nationality Law. Gender equality is a prerequisite for achieving all the other SDGs, thus, achieving equality in the nationality law is a necessary step.
And whosoever shall offend one of these little ones..?
Authors: Górski Marcin
Published: June 2018

This article considers the parameters that govern the categorisation, conceptualisation and judgement of "offense" in art, and so the limits of artistic freedom. Taking a legal and internationally informed perspective, the paper charts the establishment of conventional views on artistic expression and its assumed impact on the public or "community". It questions the conceptual accuracy of legal assumptions on the nature of art, as of the nature of expression and its impact. With reference to key cases and legal rulings, the article, while invested primarily in a forensic explication of the law and its phraseology, argues that all legal limitations on artistic expression embody assumptions that are paradoxical.
Proposal of a novel CHF correlation for PWR under low pressure conditions based on stepwise regression method
Authors: Yin Y. , Fu X. , Zhu Y. , Pang B.
Published: June 2018

Constrained by limited experimental data, development of CHF correlation for PWR fuel assemblies under transient and accidental conditions at low pressure levels (2–10 MPa) is a typical statistical problem with small sample amounts, but simultaneously has requirements of high prediction accuracy. In this study, stepwise regression method was used to develop a new CHF correlation for application in PWR under low pressure conditions. First, several essential thermal-hydraulic parameters which might influence CHF were selected based on consensus characteristics of DNB phenomenon. With stepwise regression, the form and coefficients of the proposed CHF correlation were optimized in a dynamic manner. Compared to currently available CHF correlations, represented by the Westinghouse W-3 correlation, the CHF correlation obtained by stepwise regression has a much simpler form and matches also well with the experimental data.
Forcibly Displaced Myanmar Nationals (FDMN’s) to Bangladesh- Health Sector Response & Challenges
Authors: Rahman Md Ridwanur
Published: June 2018

Abstract not availableJ Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2018; 36(3): 91-93
Case Report of Scrub Typhus
Authors: Rabbani Safia Binte , Hossain Md Iqbal , Begum Afsana
Published: June 2018

Scrub typhus is an acute, febrile, infectious illness that is caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi. Scrub and murine endemic typhus infections are under-diagnosed causes of febrile illness across the tropics, and it is not known how common they are in Bangladesh. Here reporting a case who presented with high grade fever for 7 days associated with headache, abdominal discomfort, cough and receiving inj ceftriaxone for 2 days considering as a case of enteric fever. Forty-eight hours after admission, the presence of continued high grade fever, conjunctival congestion, headache, loose motion, cough, low platelet, elevated transaminase raised the possibility of a different aetiology. The two most likely differentials being dengue and malaria. Finally, typhus was discovered due to history of field visit, presence of eschar and raised titre of WF OXK antigen. All other causes of fever were ruled out by history, clinical examination and relevant investigations. Patient was treated with capsule doxycycline and other supportive therapy and become afebrile within 48 hours. This uncommon clinical scenario should be taken into account in the management of patients with high fever on admission.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2018; 36(3): 123-127
Innovation Strategies, First Mover Advantage and Performance in the Context of the Microfinance Sector: A Review of Literature
Authors: Ouma Paul , Kilika James M.
Published: June 2018

The prevailing business environment is erratic and unreliable. The accomplishment of trade in such environment is determined by an organization’s capability to adjust and respond to environmental variation. Innovation strategies offer a strategic option that can be used to align organization’s assets and competencies with prospects in the external environment in order to heighten survival and long term success of an enterprise. Execution of such a strategic option is likely to result in strategic moves that will register impacts in the market which requires decision makers to consider the timing of their moves that operationalize the strategy in the market. The extant literature has pursued discussions on the construct of innovation strategy separately from that of first mover in spite of the implied indications that the two can be integrated into a strategic management phenomenon that will influence the firm’s performance. This study provides a review of existing theoretical and empirical literature on the perspectives connected to innovation strategies as a strategic option, first mover advantage in the phenomenon leading to performance in the context of microfinance setting. The applicable theories are reviewed, concepts and their operational indicators identified and matched against existing empirical work and nascent knowledge gaps identified. The study finally, suggests a theoretical framework appropriate for progressing knowledge in the field of study together with the associated inferences for future research.
The Separation of AHF from Fibrinogen. II
Authors: van Creveld S , Veder H. A , Pascha C. N
Published: June 2018

A number of experiments, aimed at a greater yield of human AHF in the chromatographic separation of fibrinogen and AHF, are reported. The experiments were conducted with both anion- and cation exchangers on a basis of cellulose, and at different pH’s. Good results were obtained with ECTEOLA-cellulose, although for therapeutical purposes a somewhat greater yield would be preferable and for the determination of the properties and constitution of AHF the preparations are not pure enough. Further work is in progress.
Action du Chlorure Mercurique sur la Rétraction du Caillot
Authors: Dotreppe J , Bounameaux Y
Published: June 2018

1. Le chlorure mercurique bloque la rétraction du caillot à la concentration de 4 · KT4 M.

2. Cystéine et glutathion s’opposent à l’action du chlorure mercurique.

3. L’absence de rétraction du caillot en présence d’HgCl2 est due a une inhibition de la métamorphose visqueuse des plaquettes.

4. La signification de ces faits discutée du point de vue de l’hémostase.
Individualized Learning Plan (ILP) Is an Effective Tool in Assessing Achievement of Otology-related Subcompetency Milestones
Authors: Svrakic Maja , Bent John P.
Published: June 2018

Objective:

To investigate the individualized learning plan (ILP) as a tool in assessment of residents’ milestone achievements as they pertain to Otology subcompetencies: Chronic Ear Disease, Pediatric Otitis Media, and Hearing Loss.

Study Design:

Prospective study.

Methods:

Twenty otolaryngology residents were instructed to use an ILP and identify six milestones from three otology-related subcompetencies to focus on during the course of a 3-month rotation. They were also asked to plan out specific activities which would help them achieve these milestones, to specify whether or not they successfully achieved them, by what instructional or learning methods and to identify any barriers. The completed ILPs were reviewed by a faculty member.

Main Outcome Measures:

The effectiveness of the ILP was assessed by response compliance rate, corroboration of self-reported milestone achievement with faculty evaluations and the ability to set attainable milestones.

Results:

There was 95% compliance in using an ILP to achieve milestones. Self-reported milestone scores corresponded to the faculty evaluations in a large majority (89.6%) of patients, and tended to be underestimated by the residents. Out of 114 total milestones identified, 44 (38.6%) were not achieved, with particular overestimation in the use of independent study as a learning method.

Conclusion:

The ILP is an effective tool in measuring residents’ achievement of otology-related milestones, and could possibly be used to supplement or replace faculty assessment. The ILP provides valuable information on barriers to achieving milestones and informs trainees on how to set attainable goals as they pertain to patient care and medical knowledge in otology.
Hyperlipidemia and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Predispose to Hepatocellular Carcinoma Development Without Cirrhosis
Authors: Phan Jennifer , Ng Vivian , Sheinbaum Alan , French Sam , Choi Gina , El Kabany Mohamed , Durazo Francisco , Saab Sammy , Tong Myron , Busuttil Ronald , Han Steven-Huy
Published: June 2018

Background:

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for 90% of primary hepatic malignancies. With the exception of chronic hepatitis B (CHB), other etiologies of chronic liver disease require progression to cirrhosis before HCC development. Case reports have described HCC in noncirrhotic patients with hepatitis C (HCV) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Goal:

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of patients without cirrhosis and CHB who developed HCC among a large cohort of HCC patients and to identify independent variables that are associated with no cirrhosis among patients with HCC.

Study:

From 2005 to 2015, hepatobiliary cancer patients seen in our liver cancer and liver transplant clinics were evaluated. Patients were included if above18 years old and had histologically confirmed HCC from liver biopsy, resection specimen, or explanted livers. Patients with CHB, non-HCC tumors, or missing paired tumor and nontumor liver histology were excluded. Demographic information, pertinent laboratory values, and comorbid conditions were recorded. Potential predictors were evaluated using both backward stepwise logistic regression model and classification tree model.

Results:

Of the 1927 patients screened, 545 HCC patients (411 transplanted, 43 resected, 74 transarterial chemoembolization/radiofrequency ablation, 17 untreated) included, 29 (5.3%) patients had no cirrhosis histologically. Eleven patients had HCV, 3 had alcoholic liver disease, 3 had nonalcoholic fatty liver, and 12 had cryptogenic liver disease. Logistic regression models show that patients with hyperlipidemia and elevated serum alanine aminotransferase are more likely to develop HCC without cirrhosis (odds ratio, 1.73 and 0.40; P<0.05).

Conclusions:

This large cohort, histology-confirmed case-controlled study shows that patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and hyperlipidemia with elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (most likely nonalcoholic steatohepatitis) are significantly associated with the development of HCC in the absence of cirrhosis.
Improvement of the Legislation of Ukraine as to the Provision of the Protection of Banking in the Conditions of European Integration
Authors: KLOCHKO Alyona M. , KURILO Nikolai P. , ZAPARA Svetlana I. , ARISTOVA Irina V. , LOGVINENKO Mykola I.
Published: June 2018

Euro-integration course of Ukraine has caused an intensive development of its banking sphere. The inconsistency between the possible legislative consolidation of criminal responsibility for socially dangerous acts in the banking sector and the objective needs of society in such protection becomes more and more obviousis in Ukraine. The processes of ‘clearing’ the banking system from financial institutions that are insolvent along with the positive results have led to an increase in the level of criminalization of the banking sector. Abuses aimed at taking possession of money from creditors and borrowers of banking institutions have become widespread. External threats to the stable functioning of the banking sector are combined with internal misconduct of unscrupulous bank managers, officials and persons related to the banks. Approaches to legislative regulation of suspicious banking transactions and to identify their real volumes must be improved. The measures aimed at reducing of the level of criminalization of the banking sphere by establishing criminal liability of managers and persons connected with the bank for unlawful acts in the banking sector must be taken. The certain issues of legal regulation of banking activity in Ukraine on criminal legal level are considered. The provisions of international law on these matters are  analyzed and the main ways to optimize Ukranian criminal legislation to ensure the safety of banking activity are suggested. It turns out that the need for criminal legal protection of banking is conditoned by an increase in the public danger of these acts at the present stage of the functioning of society. This need is also confirmed by the crisis in the financial and banking spheres of the state, the need to eliminate the gaps in the current legislation on banking safety and the changes that took place in the banking sector of Ukraine in the context of increased integration with the EU.
Legal Support of the Process of Kazakhstan Accession to the OECD: Potential for Improving Quality of Individual's Labour Rights Regulation
Authors: ZHETPISBAYEV Batyrbek A. , BAISALOVA Gulzira T. , SHADIYEV Kairatbek Kh. , KHAMZIN Amangeldy Sh. , BURIBAYEV Yermek A. , KHAMZINA Zhanna A.
Published: June 2018

The leading concept of the research is to prepare, implement scientific and practical recommendations, proposals aimed at improving the quality of legal regulation of wage employment in Kazakhstan. The study has two interrelated end goals: the development of a scientific and legal basis for Kazakhstan's accession to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD, Organization) and the unification of the national Labour legislation with universally recognized standards for the implementation of Labour relations in OECD countries.The aim is to theoretically substantiate the concept and content of the legal framework for ensuring human rights in the OECD countries; to generalize and develop ideas for solving the issues of improving the quality of legal regulation of the social and Labour sphere in Kazakhstan; to investigate problems and suggest ways of transforming the standards of wage Labour recognized in OECD countries into the Kazakhstani system of law.As a result of the research, conclusions and proposals are formulated aimed at improving and modernizing the norms of the Labour legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the context of the development of all spheres of public administration and regulation in accordance with OECD recommendations and standards.
Long story short: an introduction to the short-term and longterm Six Sigma quality and its importance in laboratory medicine for the management of extra-analytical processes
Authors: Ialongo Cristiano , Bernardini Sergio
Published: June 2018

There is a compelling need for quality tools that enable effective control of the extra-analytical phase. In this regard, Six Sigma seems to offer a valid methodological and conceptual opportunity, and in recent times, the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine has adopted it for indicating the performance requirements for non-analytical laboratory processes. However, the Six Sigma implies a distinction between short-term and long-term quality that is based on the dynamics of the processes. These concepts are still not widespread and applied in the field of laboratory medicine although they are of fundamental importance to exploit the full potential of this methodology. This paper reviews the Six Sigma quality concepts and shows how they originated from Shewhart’s control charts, in respect of which they are not an alternative but a completion. It also discusses the dynamic nature of process and how it arises, concerning particularly the long-term dynamic mean variation, and explains why this leads to the fundamental distinction of quality we previously mentioned.
Association of the CSN1S1 gene polymorphism with milk composition traits in Jamunapari goat
Authors: Singh Pallavi , Singh M. K. , Rout P. K. , Dige M. S.
Published: June 2018

The genetic polymorphism of the CSN1S1 (casein alpha-s1) locus was investigated in Jamunapari goat breed by Sodium Dodicyle Sulphate – Poly Acrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Polymerase Chain Reaction – Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). A total of 122 milk and blood samples were collected. The SDS-PAGE pattern revealed the presence of four variants of CSN1S1 locus namely, A, B, E and F. The A allele of a-s1 – casein was observed in the majority of goats. The genotypic frequency of the AA, BB, BE, AF and FF genotypes of CSN1S1 locus were 0.437, 0.175, 0.250, 0.125 and 0.012, respectively. The PCR-RFLP was performed, six different variant groups of F allele (224)bp, the B/E allelic pair (161+63) bp, A/0 allelic pair (150+63) bp, AD allelic pair (212+150+63) bp, AF allelic pair (224+150+63) bp and BF allelic pair (224+160+63) were obtained after restriction digestion with XmnI. The genotypic frequency of AA, AD, AF, BB, BE, BF and BC genotypes were 0.274, 0.114, 0.147, 0.098, 0.163, 0.081 and 0.163, respectively. The allelic frequency of A, B, C, D, E and F were 0.360, 0.303, 0.081, 0.057, 0.081 and 0.114, respectively. The present study showed that AA genotype had significant effect on total protein content on the milk and AD genotype had significant effect on 90 day milk yield in Jamunapari goat. Thus the CSN1S1 genotype information in Jamunapari could be utilised in selection strategies, in order to select genetic stock for the production of goat milk with higher protein content in marker assisted selection to increase the rate of genetic gain.
Effect of soil treatment and bacterial fertilizers on the productivity of yarn barley
Authors: Chamurliev O G , Chamurliev G O , Feofilova L A , Parpura D I
Published: June 2018

The article presents experimental data on the integrated influence of ways of the basic processing of soil and bacterial fertilizers Azotovit and Fosfatovit on agrophysical, water-physical soil indicators and productivity of barley. The use of planing treatments leads to compaction of the arable layer above the biological optimum and impaired soil aeration, therefore their application is possible without compromising the cultivation of spring barley. The influence of methods of primary tillage and application of mineral and bacterial fertilizers on barley water consumption and efficiency water production unit. Summarized long-term data on the productivity of spring barley on the learning options. The advantage of the double inclusion Azotovit and Fosfatovit in the background planing treatment at a depth of 0.20-0,22 m. the yield in this embodiment was 1.7 t/ha, which is higher than where were made only mineral fertilizers - 0,63 t/ha. A calculation of profits, the profitability of the technology of cultivation of spring barley and identified cost-effective version of the experience includes a two-fold introduction of bacterial fertilizers on the background of planing processing of soil to a depth of 0.20-0,22 m. the Margin amounted to 46.2%. On the basis of the conducted researches it is theoretically substantiated, experimentally confirmed and the findings and recommendations of the use of technology in the Volgograd region.
Improvements of interfacial friction and heat transfer models for rectangular narrow channel reflood simulation based on RELAP5
Authors: Zeng W. , Yu H. , Sun Y.
Published: June 2018

Plate fuel assembly is widely used in reactor cores due to benefits of the narrow rectangular channels. Compared with rod assembly, the heat transfer area and power density can be increased in narrow rectangular channel, where little researches on post-CHF thermal-hydraulic characteristics have been done. Once the loss of coolant accident happens, post-CHF thermal-hydraulic characteristics are important for accident mitigation. This paper mainly evaluates the corresponding reflood models in RELAP5/MOD3 code. Combined with the post-CHF thermal-hydraulic characteristics in the narrow channel, interfacial friction model and post-CHF heat transfer models are modified. According to the comparison results with Saxena reflood experiments, conclusions can be obtained that the original RELAP5/MOD3 code overestimates quench front velocity and heat transfer in the film boiling region. The results from the code with new models agree better with the experimental data.
If Transparency in Performance Measurement Becomes Mandatory: Towards Better Accountability?
Authors: Bonollo Elisa
Published: June 2018

In most industrialized countries (including Italy), the increasing financial pressure on public organizations and the need for accountability have led to renewed attention on measuring public performance. In Italy, in 2009, the Legislative Decree 150 mandated all public organizations to introduce a ‘performance management cycle’ and publish a performance plan (a multi-year programming tool), a performance report (regarding the results obtained), and a document formalizing the model, the phases, and the timing of the adopted performance measurement system. This paper aims to understand whether transparency obligations in performance measurement correspond to a higher degree of accountability for stakeholders or whether they create greater bureaucracy. This study focuses on Italian public healthcare organizations since they need to be much more accountable towards their stakeholders on the results obtained in comparison to other public organizations. The empirical analysis conducted shows that the legal obligations for transparency in performance measurement are still important in a country with civil law like Italy—but they are not sufficient for improving accountability for stakeholders.
Patientens delaktighet i val av vårdgivare. En litteratur review
Authors: Nilsson Madeleine , Lindwall Lillemor , Nilsson Jan , From Ingrid
Published: June 2018

The idea behind care choice is that healthcare providers would be more responsive to patients’ health problems and needs and in doing so compete with increased quality and that patients should be able to choose from this. The question is how patients choose a healthcare provider by themselves. The aim was to describe what affected when patients chose healthcare providers. A literature review was carried out. The results showed that patients’ choice of healthcare providers depended on the following three themes: their own care experiences, caring relationships with staff and service provided by caregivers. The underlying idea of care choice is competition based on quality of care, but the results show that patients make their choices based on other factors as described in the result and therefore improvement can be achieved if focus is placed on being responsive for patient care needs.patient participation; primary care; caring needs; qualtiy of care; care choice; caring sciencepasientdeltakelse; primæromsorg; omsorgsbehov; kvalitet på omsorg; omsorg valg; omsorgsfull vitenskap
Flexible and Electrically Tunable Plasmons in Graphene–Mica Heterostructures
Authors: Hu Hai , Guo Xiangdong , Hu Debo , Sun Zhipei , Yang Xiaoxia , Dai Qing
Published: June 2018

Flexible plasmonic devices with electrical tunability are of great interest for diverse applications, such as flexible metamaterials, waveguide transformation optics, and wearable sensors. However, the traditional flexible metal–polymer plasmonic structures suffer from a lack of electrical tunability. Here the first flexible, electrically tunable, and strain‐independent plasmons based on graphene–mica heterostructures are experimentally demonstrated. The resonance frequency, strength, quality factor, electrical tunability, and lifetime of graphene plasmons exhibit no visible change at bending radius down to 1 mm and after 1000 bending cycles at a radius of 3 mm. The plasmon‐enhanced infrared spectroscopy detection of chemicals is also demonstrated to be unaffected in the flexible graphene–mica heterostructures. The results provide the basis for the design of flexible active nanophotonic devices such as plasmonic waveguides, resonators, sensors, and modulators.
Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motives Support Adults’ Regular Physical Activity Maintenance
Authors: Geller Karly , Renneke Kate , Custer Sarah , Tigue Grace
Published: June 2018

Motives for physical activity were compared between adults who either successfully or unsuccessfully maintained regular physical activity over the last 10 years. Adults age 28–45 (N=721) completed an online survey, reporting their current physical activity levels and self-determination theory (SDT) motives, as well as their physical activity levels at least 10 years prior. With participants’ current and retrospective reports of their physical activity, four sample subgroups were created, including maintainers, improvers, decliners, and sedentary. ANOVA analyses were used to examine differences in motives between physical activity maintenance groups. Those who successfully maintained regular physical activity (maintainers) reported higher intrinsic and extrinsic motives compared to those who were not regularly active (P<0.05). Interestingly, maintainers reported similar physical activity motives compared to those who reported increased physical activity over time. Among the current sample and consistent with theory, motives for physical activity significantly influenced participants’ long-term maintenance of regular physical activity. Future interventions should consider these constructs to promote sustained physical activity.
Defects in and Variability of the Thromboplastic System in Horse Plasma
Authors: Ollendorff Preben
Published: June 2018

Among 35 apparently normal horses, without any sign of hemorrhagic diathesis, which were tested with the thrombin generation test, 11 horses showed defects in the plasma thromboplastic system. The coagulation defects were inconstant and 3 horses showed transition from one thromboplastic defect to another.

This study was supported by a grant to Dr. Tage Astrup from the Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation, New York.
Die Thrombininaktivierung als Enzymprozeß
Authors: Gerendás M
Published: June 2018

1. Zur Inaktivierung des Thrombins ist die gleichzeitige Anwesenheit folgender Faktoren notwendig: Die bei 50-bis 60%iger Ammoniumsulfatsättigung fällbare Albuminfraktion des Serums, Heparin und die anorganischen Salze des Serums.

2. Die reaktionskinetischen Untersuchungen beweisen, daß im Prozeß der Thrombinaktivierung das Thrombin als Reaktionskomponente, das Heparin jedoch als Katalysator eine Rolle spielt.

3. Die Aktivierungsenergie der Thrombininaktivierung wird durch Heparin vermindert, durch Bindung desselben an Toluidinblau erhöht.

4. Die Erhöhung der Heparinkonzentration vergrößert nur die Geschwindigkeit der Thrombininaktivierung, die Menge des verschwundenen Thrombins und das endgültige Gleichgewicht des Prozesses bleiben unverändert.

5. Die Thrombininaktivierung hat ein pH-Optimum bei 8,0 und ein Temperaturoptimum bei 35 bis 37° C.

6. Die besprochenen Untersuchungsergebnisse beweisen unsere Annahme, daß die Thrombininaktivierung ein enzymatischer Vorgang ist, wobei das Heparin als prosthetische Gruppe des Enzymsystems teilnimmt.
Behaviour of the Antithrombin Time After Extracorporeal Circulation of Blood
Authors: Thies H. A
Published: June 2018

The effect on antithrombin time of equal quantities of heparin and of protamine sulfate, varies from individual to individual. There are differences in both the duration and intensity of effect. An antithrombin time which is extremely prolonged by large amounts of heparin can be restored to normal only for a few hours by protamine sulfate. When the heart-lung machine is used, the first dose of protamine sulfate, measured in mg, should exceed the total amount of heparin, also measured in mg, by at least 50—100 mg. The total amount of heparin includes both that given to the patient and that added to the blood in the heart-lung machine. If the antithrombin time has not returned to normal two minutes after the protamine sulfate injection, a second dose of 100 mg is required. For at least 24 hours after the operation the antithrombin time is measured every 1—2 hours and these determinations indicate whether further protamine sulfate is necessary. Neither fresh nor preserved blood has any influence on the heparin effect.

If these new findings are taken into consideration, post-operative hemorrhage, resultant from the addition of herapin, during cardiac operations with use of the heart-lung machine is avoidable. We shall report later on the behaviour of the thromboplastin time, the recalcification time, fibrinogen and thrombelastograms.
Assessment of the Dual Role of Clumping Factor A in S. Aureus Adhesion to Endothelium in Absence and Presence of Plasma
Authors: Claes Jorien , Ditkowski Bartosz , Liesenborghs Laurens , Veloso Tiago , Entenza Jose , Moreillon Philippe , Vanassche Thomas , Verhamme Peter , Hoylaerts Marc , Heying Ruth
Published: June 2018

Adhesion of Staphylococcus aureus to endothelial cells (ECs) is paramount in infective endocarditis. Bacterial proteins such as clumping factor A (ClfA) and fibronectin binding protein A (FnbpA) mediate adhesion to EC surface molecules and (sub)endothelial matrix proteins including fibrinogen (Fg), fibrin, fibronectin (Fn) and von Willebrand factor (vWF). We studied the influence of shear flow and plasma on the binding of ClfA and FnbpA (including its sub-domains A, A16+, ABC, CD) to coverslip-coated vWF, Fg/fibrin, Fn or confluent ECs, making use of Lactococcus lactis, expressing these adhesins heterologously. Global adherence profiles were similar in static and flow conditions. In the absence of plasma, L. lactis-clfA binding to Fg increased with shear forces, whereas binding to fibrin did not. The degree of adhesion of L. lactis-fnbpA to EC-bound Fn and of L. lactis-clfA to EC-bound Fg, furthermore, was similar to that of L. lactis-clfA to coated vWF domain A1, in the presence of vWF-binding protein (vWbp). Yet, in plasma, L. lactis-clfA adherence to activated EC-vWF/vWbp dropped over 10 minutes by 80% due to vWF-hydrolysis by a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13 and that of L. lactis-fnbpA likewise by > 70% compared to the adhesion in absence of plasma. In contrast, plasma Fg supported high L. lactis-clfA binding to resting and activated ECs. Or, in plasma S. aureus adhesion to active endothelium occurs mainly via two complementary pathways: a rapid but short-lived vWF/vWbp pathway and a stable integrin-coupled Fg-pathway. Hence, the pharmacological inhibition of ClfA-Fg interactions may constitute a valuable additive treatment in infective endocarditis.
Traumatic Stress among School-Aged Pediatric Surgery Patients and Their Parents
Authors: Ben Ari Amichai , Margalit Daniella , Udassin Raphael , Benarroch Fortu
Published: June 2018

Introduction Since hospitalization can be a traumatic event for children, many of them may suffer from a cluster of chronic psychological and emotional difficulties called Pediatric Medical Traumatic Stress (PMTS). Although PMTS causes considerable functional impairment and psychological distress and may decrease the children's compliance with post-surgical care, awareness of this condition is low and thus not enough effort is made to prevent it. The objective of this study is to assess prospectively the prevalence and characteristics of PMTS in school-age children following hospitalization in a general pediatric surgery ward and in their parents, which has not been documented before.

Materials Patients and Methods We recruited parents of 88 children aged 6 to 13 years old, hospitalized in a pediatric surgery ward and which form a representative sample of the children of this age in the ward. Three to five months after discharge from the hospital, the parents completed questionnaires measuring symptoms of psychological distress.

Results About 26.4% of children displayed symptoms of PMTS, and 11.6% of parents suffered from posttraumatic stress disorder following their child's hospitalization. Moreover, we found a medium high positive correlation between the parents' level of distress and that of their child.

Conclusion In view of the prevalence of PMTS among school-aged children following surgical intervention, it is necessary to promote increased awareness, preventive interventions, and early identification and treatment of this condition.
Precarious work and precarious resistance: a case study of Zimbabwean migrant women workers in Johannesburg, South Africa
Authors: Hlatshwayo Mondli
Published: June 2018

While recognizing that women are part of the most vulnerable sections of migrant communities, the article affirms their social agency by locating their responses to difficulties they face as migrants within a framework of precarious resistance. Based on indepth interviews with Zimbabwean migrant women working in Johannesburg, South Africa, the article discusses a duality of precarious work and precarious resistance. Women who would have been carers of families at their homes in Zimbabwe, and been supported financially by men who worked in the cities like Johannesburg, are now breadwinners who take risks by travelling to Johannesburg in search of work. The first aspect dealt with in this paper narrates problems faced by the women when travelling to Johannesburg. Being women doubles the risk in a way as the women have to deal with violence against women and generalized lack of basic services and goods like those necessary for female hygiene and washing facilities. Arriving in Johannesburg means the beginning of a new struggle of searching for work and finding work which tends to be precarious. As a response to this precariousness, the second aspect of this duality comes into play where the female workers amass strategies and tactics which are defined as precarious resistance, because they are individualized and isolated. However, networks play a major role in anchoring precarious resistance of the women migrants who work as precarious workers in Johannesburg.