bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NEW SOLUTIONS IN NASAL ALA RECONSTRUCTION
Authors: Ivanov S. A.
Published: November 2021

The article describes the technique and results of the method of single-stage nasal ala reconstruction based on a modified puzzle-flap. The developed method has been applied for nasal ala reconstruction in 10 patients after malignant tumor excision. The anatomical and functional outcomes of the reconstruction were evaluated with the use of NAFEQ questioning and visual analogue scale. The external skin, internal nasal lining, and cartilage support of nasal ala were restored in a single-stage procedure in all the cases. The natural appearance and contour of neoala were achieved with a minimal correction in the donor area. Partial necrosis of a flap was observed in one case. The anatomical outcome of the reconstruction was evaluated as completely satisfactory or satisfactory in 9 out of 10 patients (90%) according to NAFEQ. The average evaluation of the results of the reconstruction by the VAS scale was 81.0 ± 6.8 (100-point scale), the minimal value - 70 points, the maximal one - 95 points. Nasal function was not disturbed in any case. The proposed method of nasal ala reconstruction allows to achieve acceptable functional and anatomical results in a single-stage procedure.
SENSITIVITY OF KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE CLINICAL ISOLATES WITH VARIOUS LEVELS OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE TO BACTERIORAGE PREPARATIONS
Authors: Tapalsky D. V. , Kozlova A. I.
Published: November 2021

Objective : to assess sensitivity of K. pneumoniae clinical isolates with different levels of antibiotic resistance to commercial bacteriophage preparations. Material and methods . We have performed re-identification and determination of the sensitivity to antibiotics and bacteriophage preparations of 109 K. pneumoniae clinical isolates isolated from patients hospitalized in medical institutions of three regions of Belarus. The presence of carbapenemase genes has been deteсted by real-time PCR. Results . The study has shown awidespread prevalence of extreme antibiotic resistance among K. pneumoniae associated with the production of NDM and OXA-48 carbapenemases and has found an insufficient lytic activity of bacteriophage preparations against K. pneumoniae strains. The preparation «Sextafag», which lysed with a high activity of 28.4% of Klebsiella isolates possessed the widest spectrum of activity. Conclusion . Bacteriophage preparations can be considered as a possible alternative to antibiotics in the treatment of infections caused by extremely antibiotic-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates.It is necessary to supplement the composition of commercial preparations with phage strains that are active against Klebsiella isolates producing carbapenemases.
THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF NEUTROPHILS IN PATIENTS WITH IMMUNOGLOBULIN A DEFICIENCY
Authors: Makeyeva K. S. , Novikova I. A. , Salivonchik A. P. , Plotnikova N. M.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to evaluate the functional properties of neutrophils in patients with IgA deficiency. Material and methods. We have studied the functional state of neutrophils (phagocytosis, ability to form active forms of oxygen and extracellular traps) in 58 patients (33 women, 25 men) with the confirmed diagnosis of partial IgA deficiency (38 patients) and general variable immune deficiency (20 patients) with a decreased content of IgA and IgG. Results. Patients with IgA deficiency reveal increased oxygen-dependent ability of blood neutrophils to form extracellular traps. The maximum degree of increase in the indices of netosis is found in patients with a lower IgA value (less than 0.3 g/l). Conclusion. Patients with a defect in the production of IgA observe disturbances of the functional properties of blood neutrophils by way of activation of their ability to form extracellular networks. This fact can be one of the prerequisites of increased patients` predisposition to develop autoimmune pathology.
NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL STATUS OF PATIENTS WITH REMITTING TYPES OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
Authors: Smirnov V. S. , Kanash T. I. , Galinovskaya N. V.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to identify of a range of functions in patients with relapsing-remitting course of multiple sclerosis. Material and methods: 15 patients with have been examined (women, men; the average age was 38 {28;50}). The identification of the neuropsychological status before and after treatment was carried out by means of the neuropsychological test by Luriya A.R. modified by Wasserman L.S. Results: In patients with multiple sclerosis before the treatment have been revealed mild cognitive disorders manifested by disturbance in the form of difficulties in visual and object gnosis and constructive praxis. The conclusion: The revealed changes in patients with multiple sclerosis were not associated with disorders of attention characteristics, as it had been shown for cerebral infarction, and also had primary genesis.
THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE SURFACE LAYER OF ENAMEL DEPENDING ON ITS FUNCTIONAL STATE
Authors: Pustovoitova N. N. , Kitel V. V.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to study the chemical composition of the surface layer of enamel in dental caries depending on the activity of carious lesions. Material and methods. The chemical composition of the surface layer of enamel in teeth samples with arrested (n = 15) and active (n = 15) caries was studied using the high resolution SEM «Mira» by the firm «Tescan» (Czech Republic) with the micro spectral analyzer «INCA Energy 350» of the firm «Oxford Instruments Analytical» (Great Britain). Results. We have revealed reliable increases in carbon, oxygen and other light elements in the surface layer of the enamel at the area of active carious lesions in comparison with intact enamel and arrested carious lesions; significant decreases in the content of calcium, phosphorus, ratio of Ca / P coefficient for the surface layer of the enamel of active carious lesions in comparison with intact enamel and arrested carious lesions. We have revealed no reliable differences in the content of C, O, Ca, P, CI in the surface layer of intact enamel and that at the area of arrested no cavity caries.
USE OF THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR OBJECTIVIZING DIAGNOSTICS OF URGENT DISORDERS AND SELECTING METHOD OF THERAPY
Authors: Simchenko N. I. , Anashkina K. E. , Kaminsky E. A.
Published: November 2021

Objective. Creating a mathematical model for assessing urination using patient complaints data, urination parameters obtained by performing uroflowmetry. Material and methods. To construct a mathematical model, data from the results of uroflowmetry and questionnaires of 100 patients with various disorders of urination were used. The implementation of the decision-making algorithm is carried out by means of alternate conditional blocks. Results. Using a mathematical model of urination makes it possible to speed up the diagnosis and choose effective therapy. As a result of testing the introduction of the uroflowmetry data of 100 patients into the created program, we obtained a coincidence of diagnoses in 8 cases out of 10 (80 %), which gives us reason to believe that in the further development of the program, its application is possible, which will allow us to use the developed mathematical model to determine the type of urination disturbance. And with further improvement of the model, it is expected to be used for individual selection of medications during the treatment. Conclusion. A mathematical model describing the parameters of the patient's urination in norm and under various types of pathology has been developed. On the basis of this mathematical model, a computer program has been created that, with further development, can determine with a high degree of accuracy the type of urination disturbance in order to facilitate the objectification of the diagnosis to the patient and a faster onset of early effective individual treatment.
TRANSMISSION OF TUBERCULOSIS FROM MOTHER TO SEVERAL CHILDREN IN THE FAMILY
Authors: Goponyako S. V. , Buinevich I. V. , Gorbacheva V. A.
Published: November 2021

The article presents a case of lung tuberculosis in a woman who appeared to be a source of infection for several children in the family. The clinical case shows a connection of high epidemical significance of maternal tuberculosis with the disease features in a woman with social risk factors and high delivery parity (rapid progressing with massive bacterial excretion and low-symptomatic course).
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH MINOR HEART ANOMALIES IN CHILDREN
Authors: Tomchyk N. V. , Lyalikov S. A.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to define clinical manifestations associated with minor heart anomalies (MHAs) in children. Material and methods. We have surveyed 168 children aged 2-17. Results. MHAs were determined echocardiographically in all the age periods. Clinical manifestations were characterized by polymorphism in the children. 72.55 % (95 % CI 64.76-79.44) of the children observed a high proportion of concomitant dysplastic changes. Factors associated with multiple abnormally located cords of the left ventricle have been found (sensitivity - 79.16 %, specificity - 90.24 %). Conclusion. The frequency of detection of MHAs increases with age. Сardiac (51.98 % (95% CI 42.78-59.14)), arrhythmic (54.71 % (95% CI 56.58-72.25)), cerebroasthenic (13.07 % (95 % CI 8.17-19.46)), lipothymic manifestations (7.84 % (95 % CI 4.12-13.3)) are marked in the clinical picture of MHA, 18.30 % (95 % CI 12.52-25.35) of the cases have an asymptomatic clinical course.
THE TECHNIQUE OF MAKING AND STAINING OF FILM PREPARATIONS (FRAGMENTS) CONSISTING OF FRAMED DENSE FIBROUS CONNECTION TISSUE
Authors: Yurkovskiy A. M. , Achinovich S. L. , Nazarenko I. V.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to develop a histochemical staining technique that allows to make a more complete evaluation of the morphological characteristics of both separate cells and tissue structures in comparison with other methods. Materials. Data from sectional examination of 70 subjects: 35 subjects of the control group (staining of ligament fragments in this group was carried out with hematoxylin-eosin) and 35 subjects of the main group (staining of ligament fragments in this group was performed with toluidine blue and nuclear strong red). Results. The range of values of the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio when material was stained with toluidine blue and nuclear fast red was much narrower and contained less «emissions» than the range of values of the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio when stained with hematoxylin-eosin: 0.46 ± 0.04 and 0.46 ± 0.07, respectively. Conclusion. The proposed new staining method makes it possible to get the preparation quickly (the time from the moment of taking the material till procurement of the finished preparation is about 3 hours), and besides, it ensures obtainment of data with a smaller spread of the values of the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio in comparison with the traditional staining technique.
ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF ALPHA-2 MICROGLOBULIN OF FERTILITY AT THE SYSTEMIC AND TISSUE LEVELS AS AN INDICATOR OF THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE ENDOMETRIUM
Authors: Lyzikova Yu. A. , Golubykh N. M. , Kozlov A. E.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to determine the level of alpha-2 microglobulin of fertility in the serum and endometrium of female patients of reproductive age. Material and methods . 30 female patients of reproductive age were included in the study. According to the results of clinical and case history data, 20 (66.67 %) patients with reproductive dysfunction were included in the study group, 10 (33.33 %) healthy patients were included in the control group. The concentration levels of hormones (FSH, LH, testosterone, prolactin, estradiol, progesterone, fertility alpha-2 microglobulin) in the blood serum and the level of alpha-2 microglobulin of fertility in the endometrial tissue were determined by the method of enzyme immunoassay. Results . The female patients with reproductive dysfunction revealed changes in the concentration of sex hormones. The estradiol concentration was 0.22 (0.21-0.24) nmol/l in the study group of the patients, and 0.25 (0.24-0.28) nmol/l in the healthy patients (z = -3.37, p = 0.0007). The progesterone concentration was 9.57 (7.60-53.54) nmol/l in the study group of the patients and 5.37 (3.59-26.44) nmol/l in the healthy women (z = 1.78, p = 0.07). The level of alpha-2 microglobulin of fertility did not differ significantly in the patients of both the groups. The level of alpha-2 microglobulin of fertility in the endometrium was 0.87 (0.69-1.38) ng/ml in the female patients of the study group and 1.82 (1.38-5.81) ng/ml in the patients of the control group (z = -2.31, p = 0.02). Conclusion . The obtained results are indicative of the involvement of the endometrium in the development of reproductive dysfunction. The data on the levels of alpha-2 microglobulin of fertility in the endometrial tissue are promising for further study and determination of the boundaries of its normal values. Further research in this area will facilitate the development of a test to predict successful implantation.
Social and Psychological Factors Determining Welfare and Life Values of a Modern Family (By the Example of Families in Gomel Region)
Authors: Soboleva L. G. , Sharshakova T. M. , Atarik I. A. , Novak N. G. , Shundikova E. A.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to study social and psychological factors determining welfare and life values of a modern family (by the example of families in Gomel region). Material and methods. The methodical basis of the study was selective single observation. 1100 respondents aged 18-60 and older (342 men, 758 women) took part in a sociological survey. To obtain scientifically proved results, the received data were subjected to the statistical analysis. Results. The study has revealed that every fifth family is incomplete. Almost half of the families have their own accommodation. More than half of the interviewed families have a median income level. In spite of the fact that almost all the families (86.6%) experience occasional conflict situations, most of them (60.1 %) observe a positive family atmosphere, which is most characteristic for spouses aged 32-45. More than half of the families (52.4 %) face marital discords and this problem is especially urgent for the age range of 46-59, which is characterized by growing contradictions, disagreements and conflicts. The main causes of the conflicts are household chores, running the house and solving financial problems. In most families (42.8 %) both the parents take part in up-bringing of children, whereas in every third family the mother and other relatives take the key role in this process. With age there are more fathers giving more attention to up-bringing of their children (from 1.4 % to 81.2 %). Among the dominant family values, health of family members takes the first place in the hierarchy, academic progress of children occupies the second place, diligence and discipline - the third place. Conclusion. The article describes the factors determining psychological welfare and health of a modern family.
Late Debut of Sepsis Caused By Streptococcus Agalactiae in an Infant
Authors: Krivitskaya L. V. , Krasavtsev E. L.
Published: November 2021

This article describes a case of late debut of sepsis caused by Streptococcus agalactiae in an infant at the age 7 weeks and gives an example of early diagnosis, timely hospitalization and successful treatment.
The Morphological Assessment of Rats` Liver after the Introduction of the Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor of Azidothymidine
Authors: Kurbat M. N. , Kravchuk R. I. , Ostrovskaya O. B.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to study the microscopic and ultrastructural changes in the liver of rats exposed to AZT. Material and methods. The histological and electron microscopic examination of the liver samples with mitochondrial morphometry has been performed. Results . The 7-day administration of AZT does not cause any significant structural changes in the liver. The exposure to the drug for 21 days leads to the development of moderate inflammatory and degenerative processes in the liver, including changes in the structure of hepatocyte mitochondria. Conclusion. One of the pathogenetic mechanisms of the hepatotoxic effect of AZT is its impact on the structural and functional properties of hepatocyte mitochondria.
Modified Polypropylene Endoprosthesis for Hernia Repair: Experimental Assessment of the Efficiency of its Application
Authors: Bereschenko V. V. , Nadyrov E. A. , Lyzikov A. N. , Petrenev D. R. , Kondrachuk A. N.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to assess the biological properties of a modified polypropylene endoprosthesis for hernia repair. Material and methods. The object of the study was polycaprolactone-modified mesh endoprostheses for hernia repair implanted in experimental animals. Results. During the study it was determined that the implanted modified endoprostheses caused more pronounced proliferation of fibroblasts and formation of connective tissue in comparison with the control group of implants. It should be also noted that there were more inert general biological reactions from the surrounding tissues.
Sonography of the Sacrotuberous Ligaments: Landmarks for Obtaining an Optimal Longitudinal Section
Authors: Yurkovskiy A. M. , Achinovich S. L. , Nazarenko I. V.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to develop a landmark suitable for fast image acquisition of the sacroiliac ligament in the longitudinal section. Material and methods. The position of the longitudinal axis of the sacro-ligamentous ligaments relative to the line of the spinous processes on the sonograms of 36 patients (the age range was 27-80) and 33 cadavers (the age range was 50-75) has been determined. Results. The obtained data allow to trace the image of the sacrotuberous ligament in the longitudinal section quickly (using the ischial tuberosity as a landmark and orienting the scanning plane of the sensor at an angle of 19-25° according to the line of the spinous processes).
Acquired Full-Thickness Nasal Ala Defects: General Principles and Reconstruction Options
Authors: Ivanov S. A. , Khorov O. G.
Published: November 2021

The article presents the data of scholarly publications on the general principles and organizational solutions for nasal ala reconstruction of full-thickness defects. The reconstruction of the full-thickness nasal ala defect includes restoration of the external skin and internal covering epithelium, formation of support structures to achieve a stabile shape and position of the alar subunit. With this end in view, plastic material in the form of composite grafts from the auricle is applied, and each tissue layer is formed separately in the region of the defect. The external skin is most often reconstructed with medial cheek cutaneous flaps. The support structures are formed with cartilage autografts. The reconstruction of the internal lining defect is performed with local mucosal or skin flaps, more rarely mucosal or skin grafts. The limiting factors are: risk for ischemic complications, surgical trauma, and secondary surgical correction. The agenda do not only include achievement of acceptable anatomical and functional results but also the quality of perioperative life, shorter time and duration of the surgical intervention and minimum changes in the donor site.
The Surgical Anatomy of the Intrapelvic Anastomoses of the Internal Pudendal Artery
Authors: Kuzmenko A. V. , Doroschenkova V. V.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to determine the most common sites of localization and number of the intrapelvic anastomoses of the internal pudendal artery. Material and methods. The material for the research was 141 dead bodies of men (at the age from 27 to 75) and 29 dead bodies of women (at the age from 32 to 82) who had died of causes not related to pelvic pathology. The vascular injection method, preparation method, and statistical processing of the obtained data were used to achieve the aim of the research. Results. It has been found out that in the men and women the intrapelvic anastomoses of the internal pudendal artery are most often formed in the proximal and middle one thirds of the intrapelvic part of the artery, significantly rarely - in its distal one third. There is no linear correlation between the sizes of the diameters of the internal pudendal artery and sizes of the diameters of its intrapelvic anastomoses in the women but there is such a correlation in the men. Conclusion. The performed research has demonstrated that the intrapelvic anastomoses of the internal pudendal artery in the men and women have a definite pattern of their origination.
The Clinical Structure of Remission from Alcohol Dependence
Authors: Skvira I. M.
Published: November 2021

The review presents the clinical factors of destabilization of remission and relapse in alcohol dependence. Traditionally, among these factors the leading role belongs to the pathological craving for alcohol. However, the craving for alcohol is a rare phenomenon in remission from alcohol dependence and even if expressed significantly it does not always become a predictive factor for relapse. Currently, there are many other clinical relapse-dangerous factors which must be taken into account in the treatment and rehabilitation of alcohol-dependent individuals.
The Assessment of the Efficiency of Cell Therapy of Experimental Liver Cirrhosis by Means of Ultrasound Examination
Authors: Osipov B. B. , Lyzikov A. N. , Skuratov A. G. , Prizentsov A. A.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to determine the relevance of ultrasound examination in diagnostics and assessment of the efficiency of cell therapy of experimental liver cirrhosis in rabbits.

Material and methods. The experiment was performed on white Californian rabbits (n = 45). Liver cirrhosis was modelled by means of subcutaneous injections of 50 % solution of carbon tetrachloride according to the scheme. Cell therapy was performed by means of a single intraportal injection of autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) at an amount of 5 × 106 cells per kg. During the experiment all the animals were performed the ultrasound examination of the abdominal cavity, as well as the morphological analysis of liver tissue samples.

Results. After 5 months of the liver cirrhosis modeling, the anteroposterior liver size and diameter of the portal vein in group 2 and group 3 were statistically larger than in group 1 (р < 0.001, Mann-Whitney test). There was no statistical difference in the anteroposterior liver size (р = 0.38) and diameter of the portal vein (р = 0.36) between group 2 and group 3. 1 month after the injection of autologous MSCs, the rabbits of group 3 detected some improvement of the echimage of the damaged liver, which was also reflected in a statistically significant decrease of the liver size by 8.2 % (р < 0.01, Wilcoxon test) and diameter of the portal vein by 23 % (р < 0.001) in comparison with the indicators before the injection of MSCs.

Conclusion. The ultrasound examination in the present study has proved itself to be a reliable method of intravital diagnostics of pathological changes in the conditions of a chronic experiment, and also has revealed a positive impact of cell therapy on liver cirrhosis in the rabbits. The obtained data were confirmed by the morphological methods of the analysis of the liver tissue samples of the animals during the experiment.
Analysis of Heart Rate Variability in Young Athletes of a School of Оlympic Reserve
Authors: Rubchenya I. N. , Sukach E. S. , Merkis A. P.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to study the parameters of heart rate variability (HRV) and autonomic reactivity in response to an orthostatic test in young athletes of a school of Olympic Reserve.

Material and methods. The mathematical and spectral methods of the HRV analysis with the application of the 12-channel electrocardiograph «Poly-Spectrum-8» were used for the evaluation of vegetative tone, autonomic support, and autonomic reactivity.

Results. Statistically significant differences in the activity of the ANS were revealed in the examined athletes with aerobic and anaerobic types of physical exercise during their one-year training. In response to the orthostatic exposure in the athletes doing aerobic exercise, the sympathetic department of regulation is activated and centralization of the control over the heart rhythm is strengthened. In the young athletes involved in high-speed power sports, the vegetative reactivity is characterized by a higher degree of activation of humoral-metabolic regulation mechanisms than in the athletes specializing in endurance sports.

Conclusion. The study of the HRV parameters and analysis of autonomic reactivity in response to the orthostatic test in the young athletes of the school of Olympic Reserve during the preparatory and competitive periods make it possible to apply an individual approach to the training process taking into account the prevailing type of autonomic regulation and autonomic reactivity, which contributes to an elevated level of the functional readiness of the athletes for training activities.
Algılanan Otantik Liderlik Davranışının Çalışanların Örgütsel Bağlılık ve Performans Düzeylerine Etkisi: Otel İşletmelerinde Bir Araştırma
Authors: GÜLER Manolya , CİNNİOĞLU Hasan
Published: November 2021

Bu araştırmanın temel amacı; otel işletmelerinde görev yapan çalışanların yöneticilerinde algıladıkları otantik liderlik davranışının örgütsel bağlılık ve performans düzeylerini ne derece etkilediğini ortaya koymaktadır. Aynı zamanda örgütsel bağlılık düzeyinin çalışan performansını ne şekilde etkilediğini tespit etmek amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçlar doğrultusunda, öncelikle konuyla ilgili literatür taraması yapılarak kuramsal yapı oluşturulmuştur. Daha sonra basit tesadüfi örneklem yöntemi ile Antalya’da hizmet veren beş yıldızlı otel işletmeleri çalışanlarından anket tekniğinden yararlanılarak, 407 anket toplanmıştır. Toplanan verilere yönelik; yüzde ve frekans, faktör, korelasyon ve regresyon analizleri yapılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre; çalışanların, yöneticilerini otantik lider olarak algıladıkları tespit edilmiştir. Aynı zamanda çalışanların orta düzeyde örgütsel bağlılığa sahip oldukları ve yüksek düzeyde performans sergiledikleri sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır. Bununla birlikte otantik liderlik davranışının; çalışanların örgütsel bağlılık ve performans düzeylerini pozitif yönde ve anlamlı biçimde etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Çalışanların sahip olduğu örgütsel bağlılığın ise; çalışanın sergilediği performans düzeyini pozitif yönde ve anlamlı biçimde etkilediği tespit edilmiştir
Zur Aufhebung von Scheinerinnerungen: Neue Befunde von Oeberst et al. (2021) und ihre aktuelle Übertragbarkeit in die forensische Praxis
Authors: Jäckel Paul , Orth Cornelia
Published: November 2021

A current finding by Oeberst et al. (2021) suggests a reversal of false memories of autobiographical events by means of source and false memory sensitization. The use of both techniques led to a significant reduction in the recollection quality of false memories in the sample examined. At the same time, the quality of memories of true experiences was barely diminished. Such results are seldom and significant, transferring them into forensic practice would be beneficial. However, if the meaningfulness and potential transferability of the results is examined more closely against the backdrop of forensic practice’s demands, it becomes apparent that using techniques in such a manner has not yet been sufficiently investigated and empirically verified. This applies to the psychological assessment of credibility as for the police questioning of witnesses. More details are discussed in the present article, whereby the study by Oeberst et al, its results, informative value and validity is successively and primarily referred to in relation to the psychological assessment of credibility.
Systems Analysis of Earthquake Source Status and Its Applications
Authors: Зимина С. А. , Зимин М. И.
Published: November 2021

Рассматривается системный анализ состояния очага землетрясений и его применение. Оценивается влияние сейсмических событий на окружающую среду. Приводятся примеры расчёта.

The study proposes systems analysis of earthquake source status and its applications. The impact of seismic events on the environment is estimated. The analysis examples are included.
TEACHERS PROFESSIONAL SATISFACTION AND SOLIDARITY IN A CHANGING SCHOOL ORGANIZATION
Authors:   Petroleum - Gas University of Ploiesti, Romania, Eftimie Simona , Mărgărițoiu Alina ,   Petroleum - Gas University of Ploiesti, Romania
Published: November 2021

In the context of social challenges, of school organization continuous change and teachers looking for their professional identity, we propose to identify which are the reasons that teachers continue to perform this profession, what they like and dislike about their job / professional environment. So, this paper aims to analyse some issues concerning professional values associated with their satisfaction for their job and professional solidarity of teachers from pre-university level. For this purpose, we have proposed a qualitative study, based on check – list (Sort Card) and interview. We have used check list (sort cart as instrument) in order to establish a hierarchy of the reasons that teachers (investigated subjects) like and what they dislike about their job; and also, we have used interview in order to complete the information about our subjects’ professional satisfaction. Other results are discussed here.
SCHOOL DROPOUT IN ROMANIAN RURAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors:   Petroleum - Gas University of Ploiesti, Romania, Iurea Corina
Published: November 2021

School dropout is nowadays one of the biggest problems faced by the Romanian education system. School dropout entails prematurely leaving the education system before the compulsory educational stage is over and prior to getting a qualification or professional training. School dropout is triggered by both internal and external factors. Contemporary society no longer considers school important in our personal development as human beings. But how would this society look like if all of us would stop regarding education and culture as fundamental values? Taking into account that education is free, it must be understood as anyone’s right to appropriate abilities, skills, and knowledge needed to find a job and integrate in a group.
GROUP SOLIDARITY FOR STUDENTS THROUGH DISCONNECTING FROM NEW MEDIA
Authors:   Petroleum - Gas University of Ploiesti, Romania, Margaritoiu Alina , Eftimie Simona ,   Petroleum - Gas University of Ploiesti, Romania
Published: November 2021

The purpose of our paper is to invite to a critical reflection about the negative consequences of using new media by students during online classes, situation that unconsciously could of contribute to their addiction. More, sometimes, young people manifest their tendency to relativize their addiction on media or to integrate their addition through common behaviours, making it trivial. Thinking that students’ addition on new media indicate the lack of personal discipline, we believe that one of today teacher responsibilities is to find strategies and create learning contexts that help them to develop self-discipline. In consequence, we have proposed a pedagogic experiment – “online disconnection” and group solidarity – to our students (Sciences of Education, specialization Pedagogy). They have been kept a reflexive journal during experimental period. Through significant results we have found some advantages of their online disconnection: more time to do enjoyable and useful activities, a positive affective estate, re-discovering the pleasure for reading, raising motivation for specialty literature and gradual detachment from new media addiction, group solidarity.
SOLIDARITY LIABILITY IN THE EVENT OF WORK-RELATED ACCIDENTS
Authors:   Petroleum - Gas University of Ploiesti, Romania, Rădulescu Dragos-Lucian , Marinescu Delia ,   Titu Maiorescu University Bucharest, Romania
Published: November 2021

The patrimonial liability is the most common form of liability, being attracted in case of non-compliance with the legal norms, in order to protect the social values indispensable for the normal functioning of a company. Legal employment relationships are one of the most common areas in which joint and several liability is applied, namely in the case of work accidents resulting in personal injury to employees, which can cause them including permanent disabilities and can be caused by deficiencies in specific equipment used, as well as the lack of effective training in the field of labour protection. Establishing guilt and attracting civil liability is done in relation to the concrete conditions of the accident, the duties of employees according to job descriptions, but also the concrete actions they performed during the program or in connection with work duties. The article presents the applicability of the legal norms in the matter of civil liability to a practical case in which the courts have held joint and several liability of employees and employers in case of accidents at work, referring to the legal conditions to be met, with implications in criminal law.
DISCRIMINATION. NEW CHALLENGES REGARDING HEALTH PROTECTION
Authors:   Petroleum - Gas University of Ploiesti, Romania, Rădulescu Dragoș-Lucian
Published: November 2021

The fight against discrimination is a general issue of the essence of the international institutions involved in the protection of human rights, democracy and the rule of law. This paper examines the application of the principles of discrimination, in scope to a better understanding of the fundamental concepts and the method of apply the control mechanisms. The main objective is reported to identify the international and national regulations on non-discrimination, as well as jurisprudential developments. The purpose of the research is related to highlighting the importance of recognizing the principle of non-discrimination in labor relations, in the event of the Covid pandemic, by analysing the role of state institutions, as well as the evolution of jurisprudential developments and the ways to combat discrimination.
INDIVIDUAL, EMPLOYERS AND ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOUR
Authors:   Petroleum - Gas University of Ploiesti, Romania, Volosevici Dana , Grigorescu Dragoș ,   Petroleum - Gas University of Ploiesti, Romania
Published: November 2021

The paper aims to analyze the idea of social solidarity from the perspective of legal constraints that characterize the labor relations between employees and employers and the growing need for community involvement of organizations. Therefore, the concept of citizenship-oriented behavior of organizations (OBSs) and the legal concept of subordinating employees to organizations will be at the center of attention. The first part of the article will be about defining the human being through the occupation or profession he chooses to practice (homo faber), we are what we work, and advance to the social dimension of any economic activity, and the second part will analyze these ideals such as altruism, solidarity or prosocial behavior, from the perspective of legal regulations in the labor code that emphasize the subordination of employees to employers who at least at first discourage the assumption of a civic dimension aimed at citizenship of employees. suggested possible solutions to improve these legal relations so that values such as solidarity are more present in the contractual relations between employees and employers in various social or economic contexts.
CURIOSITY AND MOTIVATION, A POSSIBLE CORRELATION
Authors:   Petroleum - Gas University of Ploiesti, Romania, Grigorescu Dragoș
Published: November 2021

In this introductory paper we aim to critically analyze a possible research design on the correlation between curiosity and intrinsic motivation in students. In this sense, the background of the problem will be analyzed in an introduction that will emphasize the importance of this possible correlation in the current school context dominated by the new mental organization of digital students. Then they will be analyzed among the fundamental elements of a research. First of all, the choice of appropriate research tools, which will combine qualitative and quantitative research. Secondly, it is a discussion about the purposes of researching the mentioned correlation, the basic questions, the objectives, the sample and, finally, about the ways of analyzing the data and the necessary conclusions.
Model evaluation of short-lived climate forcers for the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme: a multi-species, multi-model study
Authors: Whaley Cynthia H. , Mahmood Rashed , von Salzen Knut , Winter Barbara , Eckhardt Sabine , Arnold Stephen , Beagley Stephen , Becagli Silvia , Chien Rong-You , Christensen Jesper , Damani Sujay M. , Eleftheriadis Kostas , Evangeliou Nikolaos , Faluvegi Gregory S. , Flanner Mark , Fu Joshua S. , Gauss Michael , Giardi Fabio , Gong Wanmin , Hjorth Jens Liengaard , Huang Lin , Im Ulas , Kanaya Yugo , Krishnan Srinath , Klimont Zbigniew , Kühn Thomas , Langner Joakim , Law Kathy S. , Marelle Louis , Massling Andreas , Olivié Dirk , Onishi Tatsuo , Oshima Naga , Peng Yiran , Plummer David A. , Popovicheva Olga , Pozzoli Luca , Raut Jean-Christophe , Sand Maria , Saunders Laura N. , Schmale Julia , Sharma Sangeeta , Skov Henrik , Taketani Fumikazu , Thomas Manu A. , Traversi Rita , Tsigaridis Kostas , Tsyro Svetlana , Turnock Steven , Vitale Vito , Walker Kaley A. , Wang Minqi , Watson-Parris Duncan , Weiss-Gibbons Tahya
Published: November 2021

Abstract. The Arctic atmosphere is warming rapidly and its relatively pristine environment is sensitive to the long-range transport of atmospheric pollutants. While carbon dioxide is the main cause for global warming, short-lived climate forcers (SLCFs) such as methane, ozone, and particles also play a role in Arctic climate on near-term time scales. Atmospheric modelling is critical for understanding the abundance and distribution of SLCFs throughout the Arctic atmosphere, and is used as a tool towards determining SLCF impacts on climate and health in the present and in future emissions scenarios. In this study, we evaluate 18 state-of-the-art atmospheric and Earth system models, assessing their representation of Arctic and Northern Hemisphere atmospheric SLCF distributions, considering a wide range of different chemical species (methane, tropospheric ozone and its precursors, black carbon, sulfate, organic aerosol, and particulate matter) and multiple observational datasets. Model simulations over four years (2008–2009 and 2014–2015) conducted for the 2021 Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP) SLCF assessment report are thoroughly evaluated against satellite, ground, ship and aircraft-based observations. The results show a large range in model performance, with no one particular model or model type performing well for all regions and all SLCF species. The multi-model mean was able to represent the general features of SLCFs in the Arctic, though vertical mixing, long-range transport, deposition, and wildfire emissions remain highly uncertain processes. These need better representation within atmospheric models to improve their simulation of SLCFs in the Arctic environment.
Undersizing of aged African biomass burning aerosol by an ultra-high-sensitivity aerosol spectrometer
Authors: Howell Steven G. , Freitag Steffen , Dobracki Amie , Smirnow Nikolai , Sedlacek III Arthur J.
Published: November 2021

Abstract. The ultra-high-sensitivity aerosol spectrometer (UHSAS) differs from most other optical particle spectrometers by using a high-power infrared (IR) laser to detect small particles and reduce the sizing ambiguity due to the non-monotonicity of scattering with particle size. During the NASA ORACLES project (ObseRvations of Aerosols above CLouds and their intEractionS) over the southeast Atlantic Ocean, the UHSAS clearly undersized particles in the biomass burning plume extending from southern Africa. Since the horizontal and vertical extent of the plume was vast, the NASA P-3B research aircraft often flew through a fairly uniform biomass burning plume for periods exceeding 30 min, sufficient time to explore the details of the UHSAS response by selecting single particle sizes with a differential mobility analyzer (DMA) and passing them to the UHSAS. This was essentially an in-flight calibration of the UHSAS using the particles of interest. Two modes of responses appeared. Most particles were undersized by moderate amounts, ranging from not at all for 70 nm aerosols to 15 % for 280 nm particles. Mie scattering calculations show that composition-dependent refractive index of the particles cannot explain the pattern. Heating of brown carbon or tarballs in the beam causing evaporation and shrinking of the particles is the most plausible explanation, though mis-sizing due to non-sphericity cannot be ruled out. A small fraction (10 %–30 %) of the particles were undersized by 25 % to 35 %. Those were apparently the particles containing refractory black carbon. Laboratory calibrations confirm that black carbon is drastically undersized by the UHSAS, because particles heat to their vaporization point and shrink. A simple empirical correction equation was implemented that dramatically improves agreement with DMA distributions between 100 and 500 nm. It raised the median particle diameter by 18 nm, from 163 to 181 nm, during the August 2017 deployment and by smaller amounts during deployments with less intense pollution. Calculated scattering from UHSAS size distributions increased by about 130 %, dramatically improving agreement with scattering measured by nephelometers. The correction is only valid in polluted instances; clean marine boundary layer and free troposphere aerosols behaved more like the calibration spheres. We were unable to directly test the correction between 500 and 1000 nm, though aerodynamic particle sizer (APS) data appear to show that the correction is poor at the largest diameters, which is no surprise as the composition of those particles is likely to be quite different than that of the accumulation mode. This adds to the evidence that UHSAS data must be treated cautiously whenever the aerosol may absorb infrared light. Similar corrections may be required whenever brown carbon aerosol is present.
Documentary-based climate reconstructions in the Czech Lands 1501–2020 CE and their European context
Authors: Brázdil Rudolf , Dobrovolný Petr , Mikšovský Jiří , Pišoft Petr , Trnka Miroslav , Možný Martin , Balek Jan
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Annual and seasonal temperature, precipitation and drought index (SPI, SPEI, Z-index, PDSI) series covering the Czech Lands territory (now the Czech Republic) over 520 years (1501–2020 CE) reconstructed from documentary data combined with instrumental observations were analysed herein. The temperature series exhibits a statistically significant increasing trend, rising from ~1890 and particularly from the 1970s; 1991–2020 represents the warmest and driest 30-year period since 1501 CE. While the long-term precipitation total fluctuations (and derived SPI fluctuations) remain relatively stable with annual and decadal variabilities, past temperature increases are the key factor affecting recent increasing dryness in the SPEI, Z-index and PDSI series. The seasonal temperature series represent a broad European area, while the seasonal precipitation series show lower spatial correlations. A statistical attribution analysis conducted utilizing regression and wavelet techniques confirmed the influence of covariates related to volcanic activity (prompting temporary temperature decreases, especially during summer) and the North Atlantic Oscillation (influential in all seasons except summer) in the Czech climate reconstructions. Furthermore, components tied to multidecadal variabilities in the northern Atlantic and northern Pacific were identified in the temperature and precipitation series and in the drought indices, revealing notable shared oscillations, particularly at periods of approximately 70–100 years.
Does feedback temperature dependence influence the slow mode of the climate response?
Authors: Rohrschneider Tim , Bloch-Johnson Jonah , Rugenstein Maria
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation models (AOGCMs) are a necessary tool to understand climate dynamics on centennial timescales for which observations are scarce. We explore to which degree the temperature dependence of the climate radiative feedback influences the slow mode of the surface temperature response. We question whether long-term climate change is described by a single e-folding mode with a constant timescale which is commonly assumed to be independent of temperature or forcing and the evolution of time. To do so, we analyze AOGCM simulations which have an integration time of 1000 years and are forced by atmospheric CO2 concentrations ranging from 2 times (2X) to 8 times (8X) the preindustrial level. Our findings suggest that feedback temperature dependence strongly influences the equilibrium temperature response and adjustment timescale of the slow mode. The magnitude and timescale of the slow mode is approximately reproduced by a zero-dimensional energy balance model that has a constant effective heat capacity and incorporates a background feedback parameter and a coefficient for feedback temperature dependence. However, the effective heat capacity of the slow mode increases over time, which makes the adjustment timescale also time-dependent. The time-varying adjustment timescale can be approximated by a multiple timescale structure of the slow temperature response, or vice versa, a multiple timescale structure of the slow temperature response is described by a time-dependent timescale. The state-dependence and time-dependence of the adjustment timescale of long-term climate change puts into question common eigenmode decomposition with a fast and a slow timescale in the sense that the slow mode is not well described by a single linear e-folding mode with a constant timescale. We find that such an eigenmode decomposition is valid at a certain forcing level only, and an additional mode or a multiple mode and timescale structure of the slow adjustment is necessary to reproduce the details of AOGCM simulated long-term climate change.
A global dataset of standardized moisture anomaly index incorporating snow dynamics from 1948 to 2010
Authors: Tian Lei , Zhang Baoqing , Wu Pute
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Drought indices are hard to balance in terms of versatility (effectiveness for multiple types of drought), flexibility of timescales, and inclusivity (to what extent they include all physical processes). A lack of consistent source data increases the difficulty of quantifying drought. Here, we present a global monthly drought dataset from 1948 to 2010 based on a multitype and multiscalar drought index, the standardized moisture anomaly index incorporating snow dynamics (SZIsnow), driven by systematic fields from an advanced data assimilation system. The proposed SZIsnow dataset includes different physical water‒energy processes, especially snow processes. Our evaluation of the dataset demonstrates its ability to distinguish different types of drought across different timescales. Our assessment also indicates that the dataset adequately captures droughts across different spatial scales. The consideration of snow processes improved the capability of SZIsnow, and the improvement is particularly evident over snow-covered high-latitude (e.g., Arctic region) and high-altitude areas (e.g., Tibetan Plateau). We found that 59.66 % of Earth's land area exhibited a drying trend between 1948 and 2010, and the remaining 40.34 % exhibited a wetting trend. Our results also show that the SZIsnow dataset successfully captured the large-scale drought events that occurred across the world; there were 525 drought events with an area larger than 500,000 square kilometers globally during the study period, of which nearly 70 % had a duration longer than 6 months. Therefore, this new drought dataset is well suited to monitoring, assessing, and characterizing drought, and can serve as a valuable resource for future drought studies.