bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Is the Two-Week Wait Path Way Appropriate for Thyroid Cancer Referrals?
Authors: Currie A , Pakzad F , Tolley NS , Palazzo FF
Published: December 2011

Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy but remains relatively uncommon, representing 0.5% of all newly diagnosed cancers in the UK. Differentiated thyroid cancer is the most commonly diagnosed type in the UK and, if treated in an appropriate and timely fashion, is associated with outcomes of over 90% 10-year survival. However, evidence suggests that the outcomes in thyroid and other cancers in the UK lag behind our European and American counterparts. To address these deficiencies the Department of Health set out the NHS Plan. Within this document, there was a commitment to see all new suspected cancer referrals within a new 'two-week wait' (2WW) pathway from primary care to specialist review.
Saints and Sinner
Authors: Knox Robert
Published: December 2011

Robert Knox (1791–1862) was a Scottish surgeon and anatomist par excellence. he ranked among the most influential teachers in Britain but his reputation and career were destroyed by ignorance, naivety or collusion. This article seeks to address Knox's involvement with the Edinburgh 'resurrection men' – the grave-robbing murderers who scandalised a nation, william Burke and william hare.
Medical Applications: The Future of Regulation
Authors: Sherwin-Smith James , Pritchard-Jones Rowan
Published: December 2011

we define 'apps' as discrete, independent pieces of software that run on mobile devices. The use of such software on mobile devices within a health environment is not a new phenomenon – there is academic research discussing the opportunities of this technology as early as 1996. however, the proposition has only really become mainstream with the introduction of the Apple iPhone® and supporting App Store, backed by a hugely successful 'There's an app for that' advertising campaign. opening in July 2008 with a mere 500 applications available for download, the App Store now stocks around 500,000 applications and recently surpassed a staggering milestone: 15 billion downloads. Latterly it has been joined by rival application markets from Blackberry®, Microsoft® and, most successfully, AndroidTM.
Have voluntary sector infrastructure support providers failed micro organisations?
Authors: Donahue Kim
Published: December 2011

This paper examines the role of infrastructure organisations in relation to micro organisations with no or few paid staff. It discusses the distinctive features of micro organisations, their ‘comparative advantages’ and their limitations before discussing their needs for support and advice and the failure of infrastructure support organisations to meet them. It concludes by arguing for a new approach to the provision of infrastructure support.
What can those who govern, manage and support voluntary sector organisations learn from a Merseyside knowledge exchange scheme?
Authors: Hardwick Louise , Coffey Margaret
Published: December 2011

This paper attempts to identify what lessons can be learned from a student knowledge exchange scheme on Merseyside. What do voluntary and community organisations (VCOs) gain from such collaborations? What do their gains indicate about the policy context in which these organisations function? And what do the gains demonstrate about the future potential for community/university knowledge exchange schemes? On Merseyside, small VCOs engaged with the scheme in order to generate evidence for sustainability in a competitive marketplace where fragile organisations and the deprived communities they serve struggle for resources.
The Porcine Chloride Channel Calcium-Activated Family Member pCLCA4a Mirrors Lung Expression of the Human hCLCA4
Authors: Plog Stephanie , Grötzsch Tanja , Klymiuk Nikolai , Kobalz Ursula , Gruber Achim D. , Mundhenk Lars
Published: December 2011

Pig models of cystic fibrosis (CF) have recently been established that are expected to mimic the human disease closer than mouse models do. The human CLCA (originally named chloride channels, calcium-activated) member hCLCA4 is considered a potential modifier of disease severity in CF, but its murine ortholog, mCLCA6, is not expressed in the mouse lung. Here, we have characterized the genomic structure, protein processing, and tissue expression patterns of the porcine ortholog to hCLCA4, pCLCA4a. The genomic structure and cellular protein processing of pCLCA4a were found to closely mirror those of hCLCA4 and mCLCA6. Similar to human lung, pCLCA4a mRNA was strongly expressed in porcine lungs, and the pCLCA4a protein was immunohistochemically detected on the apical membranes of tracheal and bronchial epithelial cells. This stands in sharp contrast to mouse mCLCA6, which has been detected exclusively in intestinal epithelia but not the murine lung. The results may add to the understanding of species-specific differences in the CF phenotype and support the notion that the CF pig model may be more suitable than murine models to study the role of hCLCA4.
Breast and Ovarian Cancers
Authors: Yoneda Atsuko , Lendorf Maria E. , Couchman John R. , Multhaupt Hinke A. B.
Published: December 2011

Tumor markers are widely used in pathology not only for diagnostic purposes but also to assess the prognosis and to predict the treatment of the tumor. Because tumor marker levels may change over time, it is important to get a better understanding of the molecular changes during tumor progression. Occurrence of breast and ovarian cancer is high in older women. Common known risk factors of developing these cancers in addition to age are not having children or having children at a later age, the use of hormone replacement therapy, and mutations in certain genes. In addition, women with a history of breast cancer may also develop ovarian cancer. Here, the authors review the different tumor markers of breast and ovarian carcinoma and discuss the expression, mutations, and possible roles of cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans during tumorigenesis of these carcinomas. The focus is on two groups of proteoglycans, the transmembrane syndecans and the lipid-anchored glypicans. Both families of proteoglycans have been implicated in cellular responses to growth factors and morphogens, including many now associated with tumor progression.
Preservice Teachers' Views of Inclusive Education: A Content Analysis
Authors: Hemmings Brian , Woodcock Stuart
Published: December 2011

Survey-based research was conducted with preservice teachers, from a large regional Australian university, to explore their views about inclusion and their readiness to teach in inclusive classrooms. Open-ended questions were included in the survey to glean information on the respondents' feelings and concerns about inclusion and inclusive practices. In addition, questions were framed to allow the respondents to discuss ways that the university could better prepare them as practising teachers. The responses to each of these questions were content analysed to delineate categories, and frequencies were calculated on the most salient categories. The results of this analysis are reported and comparisons are made of the views expressed by the respondents before they experienced an inclusive education subject and a related practicum with those expressed after. The implications of the results for teacher education programs are considered.
Facilitating the Inclusion of Children With Vision Impairment: Perspectives of Itinerant Support Teachers
Authors: Morris Christine , Sharma Umesh
Published: December 2011

Children with vision impairment (VI) and blindness are largely educated in mainstream schools in Australia. Specialist itinerant support teachers – vision (ISTVs) travel from school to school to facilitate the education of these children. The purposes of this study were to examine the barriers that ISTVs face in this role, and to identify strategies used to address these barriers. Seven ISTVs participated in the study. Focus group interviews were conducted to collect data from participants. Constant comparison, a form of thematic analysis, was used to examine the data. Results indicate that barriers include a lack of understanding among regular school educators of the needs of children with VI, lack of awareness of the role of ISTVs, insufficient resources and time, and inadequate training. Frequent communication and good working relationships with staff help to minimise or negate many of the potential barriers. However, barriers such as lack of time and inadequate training remain unaddressed and require the attention of policymakers at higher levels.
Commentary on Carter, Stephenson and Strnadová's Reported Prevalence by Australian Special Educators of Evidence-Based Instructional Practices
Authors: Dempsey Ian
Published: December 2011

In Volume 35, Issue 1 of the Australasian Journal of Special Education, Carter, Stephenson and Strnadová (2011) replicated a study by Burns and Ysseldyke (2009). In Carter et al.'s study, 194 Australian special educators were asked to rate the extent to which they used eight instructional practices. These practices were applied behaviour analysis, direct instruction, formative evaluation, mnemonic strategies, modality training, perceptual-motor training, psycholinguistic training, and social skills training. The first four of these practices had moderate to high effect sizes (and were regarded by the authors as more desirable techniques), and the final four practices had low effect sizes, on the basis of past meta-analytic research. Carter et al.'s findings were that while the Australian teachers used some desirable strategies relatively frequently, they also used some less desirable practices frequently and so desirable instructional practices should be encouraged at the expense of less effective practices. While these results are of interest, they also have the potential to mislead readers and later sections of the current article examine these potential misconceptions.
‘Remember when lesbian kisses actually meant you were a lesbian?’ Historicizing same-sex kissing
Authors: BRADY ANITA
Published: December 2011

This article considers the methodological possibilities for making political and theoretical sense of a rise in same-sex kissing in the media. A 2010 Gawker article examining the recent abundance of celebrity girl/girl kissing suggested that such kisses are less a positive development
in lesbian and gay visibility than a commercially contrived bid for publicity. While acknowledging that the kinds of kisses that the Gawker article highlights cannot unproblematically be described as 'lesbian', this article argues that a media moment in which same-sex kissing has become relatively
commonplace represents a significant shift in a cultural landscape dominated by the visual imperatives of heteronormativity. Rather than adjudicating on where such kisses sit on a spectrum of sexual subjectivity, it argues that examining what this might mean for the troubling of heteronormativity
might more productively begin by examining the discursive network in which the meaning of 'the same-sex kiss' is produced. In doing so it draws on the framework of genealogical critique deployed by Michel Foucault, Judith Butler and others in the field of queer theory.
Slurm, Popplers and Human Rinds: Food, consumerism and popular trends in Matt Groening's Futurama
Authors: PIATTI-FARNELL LORNA
Published: December 2011

In recent years, food has become a recurrent part of popular culture. Occupying a privileged space between necessity and luxury, food features in numerous popular media, ranging from television shows to metaphorical uses of 'hunger' in cinematographic adaptations of the latest vampire
phenomena. Food acts not only as a cultural projection of social, ethnic and national affiliation but also bridges the gap between cultural tendencies, mainstream preferences and consumerist desires. Taking eating's popularized status as a point of departure, this article analyses the multiple
representations of food and hunger in Matt Groening's Futurama. Focusing on specific examples from the series, I discuss how, through images of food, Futurama offers parodied critiques of late twentieth- and twenty-first-century commercial and cultural trends. I aim to show that, while hinting
at connections to popular history, Futurama's improbable foods pluralize the political, intellectual and aesthetic colonization of everyday life by brands, media and product.
Migrating meanings: New Zealand kiwiana collectors and national identity
Authors: BELL CLAUDIA
Published: December 2011

Material objects are imbued with accumulated meanings. This article explores the migrating meanings of vintage popular cultural artefacts in New Zealand. These once mundane household items are now treasured collectibles known as 'kiwiana'. In the face of the risk of annihilation of
difference through the impacts of globalization, these collectibles are valued for their idiosyncratic localness. With the inundation of cheap generic imported merchandise onto the market, there is a revival of enthusiasm for insistently local materiality. As souvenirs of everyday life of
the past, they enable collectors to perform a version of the self while reiterating populist cultural mythologies of nation.
Surface reflections: Personal graffiti on the pavement
Authors: HICKS MEGAN
Published: December 2011

There are personal inscriptions on roads and sidewalks everywhere - artworks, romantic longings, political rants - and yet this kind of graffiti often goes unnoticed. In this article I peruse the pavements to see what the writing there might reveal. I find that, like the graffiti on
vertical surfaces, pavement inscriptions are declarations of identity, but they often lack a sense of deliberate subversiveness. Many have been written by ordinary people overcome by some momentary preoccupation, but their choice of pavement as canvas is not arbitrary. It seems that beneath
the everyday world there is another one, familiar but strangely distorted like reflections on a wet roadway. My explorations suggest that pavement inscriptions float on the surface between these two worlds. Like marker buoys they indicate the presence of unconscious aspirations and anxieties
submerged below.
Technological remembering/forgetting: A Faustian bargain?
Authors: EEDE YONI VAN DEN
Published: December 2011

Ever since computers have been developed, people have dreamt of technological memories. Human memory exhibits crucial limitations with respect to storage capacity, retrievability and transferability - limits that should be overcome by technology. Yet today we are starting to experience
the limitations of overcoming these limitations. Pleas are now made to build a certain mode of forgetting into our technologies. As it stands, we are struggling with the tension between technological remembering and forgetting. This article makes an attempt at a deeper philosophical reflection
on this tension. First, we sketch a few ideals of technological memory, that have been proposed throughout the last century. Yet lately, different voices have arisen, that point out the dangers and disadvantages of perfect technological remembering. Second, we discuss one of these perspectives
and contrast it with the positions in favour of remembering. But this leads us, thirdly, into a discussion on the distinction between technological memory and 'human' memory: these two appear not so easily delineated. How to make sense of, at the same time, the resemblances and the differences
between the two? In the ending section, fourthly, we attempt to do so, by way of Marshall McLuhan's theory of technologies as extensions, and Neil Postman's related idea of technology as a 'Faustian bargain'. Technological memory cannot simply imitate human memory, for every technology causes
effects we cannot control. But if the 'extending of remembering' makes us eventually regret our greater capabilities and revert to technological forgetting, this 'extending of forgetting' will have its unforeseen consequences as well. In this doubled Faustian bargain, we must ask ourselves
towards which of the two sides we have been biased, and how we can reach a balance that combines enforcement with - consciously sought-after - limitations.
'The Invisible Reality Show': Performative intervention and the production of the contemporary space
Authors: GOMES FERNANDA
Published: December 2011

The performance intentions that interfene into public spaces− ‘site-specific performances' – can raise several issues, and this article will debate some of them. From artistic, sociological, cultural and geographic perspectives, urban interventions and performances
take place in the artistic scenario and in the development of contemporary space. This article starts with the experience of the Danish group 'Udflugt', that has been in Rio de Janeiro presenting the methodologies and processes which arose after the birth of the concept of 'The Invisible Reality
Show' which is used in their work. Through this article I intend to make connections between the perceptive changes of daily space, the processes of sociability, and the artistic experience in the urban context.
Ghosts that are not ghosts: The domesticated un-ghost in Victorian fiction
Authors: Branca R. Renee
Published: December 2011

Although the ghost has been a standard literary device for centuries, how that device is used, what the ghost represents within the framework of the narrative, the purposes for manifestation, authorial intention and even reader expectation of haunting is constantly challenged. This
article focuses on the shift of narrative haunting from its eighteenth-century Gothic roots to its centrality in Victorian fiction by offering a close reading of particular entities appearing in canonical Victorian texts by Brontë, Collins, Dickens, Braddon, James and Le Fanu, establishing
their relationship to the template, and then analyses the metamorphosis of form based on historical, social, scientific and epistemological context.
'Nous n'avions ni communauté ni confession': The alienation of 'liberation' in Le Jour où Nina Simone a cessé de chanter (Darina Al-Joundi, 2008)
Authors: Vassallo Helen
Published: December 2011

This article examines the 2008 text Le Jour où Nina Simone a cessé de chanter, written by Lebanese author and actress Darina Al-Joundi. Le Jour où Nina Simone a cessé de chanter recounts Al-Joundi’s true story of growing up in Beirut during the Lebanese
civil war, with a father who was a ‘laïc fervent’ and who tried to raise his daughters to be ‘free women’ in a male-dominated society torn apart by religion and conflict. Using contemporary perspectives on alienation and otherness alongside theories of illness
and autobiography, the article will examine the ways in which the paternal desire to ‘liberate’ his daughters (which, in his mind, equates to raising them to be without religion and to be sexually adventurous) actually leaves them vulnerable and open to persecution via the pathologizing
of their acts of ‘freedom’. The analysis will focus on two specific aspects: first, the tension between the unorthodox kinship between Darina and her father and the lack of kinship that Darina experiences as her father is able to protect her less and less from those who object
to her way of life. Second, starting from the social diagnosis that Darina’s behaviour indicates that she must be sick and in need of treatment, the analysis will propose that a reading of Le Jour où Nina Simone a cessé de chanter as a narrative of illness actually re-valorizes
the pathologized behaviour and shows how Al-Joundi subverts social dogma in order to overcome it, her rebellion continuing through the ‘automythology’ of the text.
Lacunae, erasure, and the impossibility of bearing witness in Boualem Sansal's Le Village de l'Allemand (2008)
Authors: MacDonald Megan C.
Published: December 2011

Le Village de l'Allemand ou Le journal des frères Schiller (2008), the prizewinning Algerian author Boualem Sansal's fifth novel originally published in France, confronts major historical events of the twentieth century: the French occupation of Algeria, the Holocaust, the Algerian
War of Independence and Civil War in the 1990s, as well as the banlieues in modern day France. Taking the form of two diaries written by half-German, half-Algerian brothers in the aftermath of discovering their father was a Nazi, the novel sets up testimonies and witnessing by proxy. Putting
'Islamism' and Nazism in contact with one another, Sansal's novel finds a wide audience in translation. Called The German Mujahid and marketed in the United States as 'The first Arab novel to confront the Holocaust', the novel brings together guilt, collaboration, and atonement in a way that
ultimately reveals the dangers of history and testimony under erasure, and the impossibility of bearing witness.
Le Film Indigènes et le Modèle Républicain
Authors: Hirchi Mohammed
Published: December 2011

The film Indigènes (2006) by Rachid Bouchareb, featuring prominent North African actors Jamal Debbouze, Samy Naciri, Sami Bouajila and Roschdy Zem, offers an original reading of the World War II liberation from the Nazis (1943–45) and shows an important moment in immigration
history, the contribution of North African soldiers in the liberation of the homeland. This article focuses on the importance of the film in the current political conjuncture in France, showing how it participated in the rewriting of the republic’s history in proposing a historical alternative
to the dominant discourse. The film contributes to redefining the impact of a new generation of North Africans on the development of cinema in France by putting into perspective an important moment forgotten by official historiography. Indigènes also participates in the reappropriation
of a collective memory and contributes to the development of a universal body of knowledge. It allows actors of a new generation of French people of African origin to move from the periphery towards the centre of symbolic representation by decoding and delegitimizing a number of stereotypes
about citizens of North African descent.
Book Reviews
Authors: Brüning Angela , Green Mary Jean , Langford Rachael , Langford Rachael , Miller Bart , Redouane Rabia , Redouane Rabia , Case Cheryl Toman
Published: December 2011

The Cambridge Introduction to Francophone Literature, Patrick Corcoran, (2007) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 266 pp., ISBN 978-0-521-61493-1, Paperback, £16.99

Francophone Voices of the ‘New’ Morocco in Film and in Print: (Re)presenting a Society in Transition,
Valérie K. Orlando, (2009) New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 262 pp., ISBN 978-0-230-61631-8, Hardback, £57

Du nègre Bambara au Négropolitain: Les littératures africaines en contexte transculturel, Désiré K. Wa Kabwe-Segatti and Pierre Halen (eds),
(2009) Metz : Presses de l’Université de Paul Verlaine-Metz, Centre de recherches ‘Ecritures’, 332 pp., ISBN 978-2-917403-07-5, Paperback, no price given

The Changing Face of African Literature/Les nouveaux visages de la littérature africaine, Bernard De
Meyer and Neil ten Kortenaar (eds), (2009) Amsterdam and New York: Rodopi, 216 pp., ISBN 978-90-420-2580-6, Hardback, €48.00

Black Europe and the African Diaspora, D. Clark Hine, T. D. Keaton and S. Small (eds), (2009) Urbana and Chicago: Illinois University Press, 368 pp., ISBN 978-0-252-07657-2,
Paperback), $30.00

Les racines de l’espoir, Mounir Ferram, (2009) Paris: L’Harmattan, 165 pp., ISBN 9782296081765, Paperback, €16.00

Rêves brûlés, Mohammed Talbi, (2009) Paris: L’Harmattan, 229 pp., ISBN 9782296092631, Paperback, €22.00

A
Rain of Words: A Bilingual Anthology of Women’s Poetry in Francophone Africa, Irène Assiba d’Almeida (ed.) and Janis A. Mayes (trans.), (2009) Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 293 pp., ISBN 978-0-8139-2766-4, Paperback, $24.50
Dramaturgical translation in the post-dramatic era: Between fidelity to the source text and the target ‘dramaturg-as-text’
Authors: KAYNAR GAD
Published: December 2011

The core of this article engages with the field of dramaturgical translation. It is based, apart from the theoretical and practical substructure, on an extensive field research of contemporaneous German dramaturgy over the last decade. The article investigates major current approaches
to inter-lingual and inter- and intra-cultural, as well as inter-theatrical translation designated for the performance of 'texts', from conventional dramatic plays to extra-dramatic script-materials, in an age of collisions, convergence and synergies between text-based and post-dramatic dramaturgies.
The approaches range between the poles of adhering to a reductionist fidelity to the work's interpretive options, and devising orientations based on the dramaturg's own environment, biography and ideology and, not least, on the dramaturg's direct involvement in the rehearsal/conception process
as 'spect-actor' and co-director. The central argument is thus that the closed traditional approaches of textual dramaturgy are challenged by the open-ended and autogenic dramaturgy of the self, or the dramaturg-as-text. These contentions are, inter alia, demonstrated through Feridun Zaimoglu's
'translation' (in fact, rewriting) of Shakespeare's Othello into a blatant German-Turkish argot for Luk Perceval's production, which manifested the 'otherness' of migrating populations as experienced by the dramaturg himself; and Castorf and Hegemann's imagistic, hybrid and theatrical-event-conscious
adaptation of Tennessee Williams' A Streetcar Named Desire as Endstation Amerika at the East-Berlin Volksbühne, turning the piece from a psychological character drama into a nostalgic satire on the creators, actors and implied spectators, all of whom are subliminally defined by the production
as non adjusting 'exiled' East-German ex-communists.
Whose play is it anyway?: Theatre Studies, Translation Studies and translation for the stage
Authors: TAROFF KURT
Published: December 2011

This article explores the historical neglect of translation as a consideration in the study and practice of theatre in the United States and Europe. While the study of literature is fairly strictly divided between English-language and Comparative Literature departments, theatre and
drama have shown little concern about language as a barrier to reception of the dramatic text. Arguably, this discrepancy may be traced to a fundamental gap between the perceived status of the novel as a completed work of art and the playtext as work of art in progress, waiting to find its
completion in performance.
Ecocritical translation in Christopher Hampton’s Savages
Authors: CORRÊA GRAÇA P.
Published: December 2011

In the last decade theatre criticism witnessed a development in space studies that helped transform 'landscape theory' into a research area. The fact that any translational process involves interpretation and adaptation from a viewpoint, and that theory implies a situational perspective,
elicits reflections on these two interactive concepts. This article reflects upon related theoretical models and methodologies - ecocriticism, spatial theory, phenomenology, Walter Benjamin's concept of reading between the lines - in parallel with the actual translation of Christopher Hampton's
Savages (1973) into a Portuguese playtext/performance text produced at Lisbon's Centro Cultural de Belém in 2003.
REVIEWS
Authors: Upton Carole-Anne , Rissmann Jeannette , Musca Szabolcs , Trencsényi Katalin
Published: December 2011

THE ART OF TRANSLATION, RANJIT BOLT (2010) London: Oberon Books, 58pp., ISBN: 978-1-84002-865-2, h/bk, £9.99

STAGING AND PERFORMING TRANSLATION: TEXT AND THEATRE PRACTICE, ROGER BAINES, CRISTINA MARINETTI AND MANUELA PERTEGHELLA (EDS) (2011) Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan,
277 pp., ISBN 978-0-230-22819-1, h/bk, £55.00

SHAKESPEARE AND THE PROBLEM OF ADAPTATION, MARGARET JANE KIDNIE (2008) London and New York: Routledge, 216 pp., ISBN: 978-0-415-30868-7, p/bk, £20.99

THE PROCESS OF DRAMATURGY. A HANDBOOK, SCOTT R. IRELAN, ANNE FLETCHER AND JULIE
FELISE DUBINER (2010) Newburyport, MA: Focus Publishing, 150 pp., ISBN: 978-1-58510-332-4, p/bk, $ 16.95

TOWARD A DRAMATURGICAL SENSIBILITY. LANDSCAPE AND JOURNEY, GEOFFREY S. PROEHL, DD KUGLER, MARK LAMOS AND MICHAEL LUPU (2008) Cranbury, NJ: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press,
241 pp., ISBN: 978-0-8386-4112-5, h/bk, $52.50
Extrapolating strategies for the scientific and technological development of underdeveloped societies from the examples of South Korea, Slovenia and Serbia
Authors: USKOKOVIĆ VUK , USKOKOVIĆ DRAGAN P.
Published: December 2011

The recent history of scientific excellence of a society could be used as an indicator of its economic, cultural and communal prosperity. In this work, two examples of countries that successfully arose from the remnants of comparative poverty and established themselves as scientifically
thriving societies, South Korea and Slovenia, are compared with the case of Serbia, a country that is presumably on the doorsteps of a similarly explosive developmental path. Guidelines for social progress in the direction of greater scientific and social prominence are outlined in the course
of the discourse. It is concluded that the ideal model of growth is to be based on parallel progress on the plane of R&D policies and on the level of excellence of scientific and basic education. The 'leapfrog' approach which dictates that the less developed countries should learn from
the mistakes committed by the developed ones and thus accelerate their progress and catch up with the latter is invoked as an essential systemic strategy to be adopted. Incorporation into global scientific network of cooperation is also outlined as a necessity as much as stable and thriving
local scientific and technological bases that would make up for prolific grounds for an efficient transfer and implementation of knowledge.
Towards an operational model of corporate governance
Authors: CHOI SUNHO
Published: December 2011

Though the amount of research on corporate governance in the United States, Europe and Korea is enormous, most of them focus on the individual components of corporate governance, rather than the corporate governance as an organized system. This article, however, mainly focuses on the
operational aspects of corporate governance, especially for operational innovation, which have often been ignored by most researchers. In this article, corporate activities such as governing activities, managing activities and investing activities are understood as an organized one, whether
explicit or implicit, and these three types of activities are clearly distinguished from each other. Then, the existing systems of corporate governance are reexamined, and vague terms such as the board of directors, the management and the shareholders/stakeholders are replaced by the more
appropriate terms of the governance structure, the management structure and the ownership structure. Using such terms, the circulatory system of corporate activities and three operating rules for this circulatory system are introduced. Hopefully, such efforts will eventually lead to developing
an operational model of corporate governance for more practical governance innovations.
Informational Advantages and Accuracy Characteristics of the Adaptive Well Log Data Interpretation
Authors: Kozhevnikov D. A. , Kovalenko K. V. , Deshenenkov I. S.
Published: December 2011

The adaptive technology of log data interpretation provides heterogeneous reservoirs evaluation in case of framework and clayey cement polymineral composition, notably clastic reservoir rocks. Values of apparent and total porosity are informativeless for such reservoirs. Petrophysical invariant (normalized effective or dynamic porosity) is applied as an interpretative parameter. It characterizes static reservoir properties as well as filtration properties.

Proposed petrophysical models use minimum number of physically measureable variables (from core data or from prior petrophysical information about simulated object in core data shortage conditions), which tune interpretation algorithms with high accuracy description of reservoir rocks properties diversity. Effective porosity is estimated using adaptive interpretation of logging data. This procedure is conducted according to characteristic responses derived from each standard log (spontaneous potential, sonic, natural radioactivity, density and neutron logs). Then heterogeneous reservoir properties transfer to geological model.

Adaptive technology advantages include following: the technology could be applied for rapid interpretation of log data large volumes; effective porosity could be calculated for complex polymineral reservoirs in absolute units without "reference beds"; the technology provides adaptive tuning on lithological and petrochemical conditions of the particular reservoir in situ, including the wellbore construction influence; it could be used for the old data re-interpretation. Thus, the adaptive log data interpretation practical importance is due to the radical reduction of the error sources number inherent to the conventional technology.

The effective porosity prediction from standard log data is an important link in the chain of modern exploration and production activities. Its implementation determines how accurate and detailed a geological model will be and it definitely affects both reserves estimation and the design of a field development plan.
Wellbore Anti-Collision Safety: Separation Distances Must Be Increased Due To Degraded Positioning Accuracy In Northern Areas
Authors: Bang J.. , Torkildsen T..
Published: December 2011

The magnitudes of certain significant error terms vary with latitude, for both magnetic and gyroscopic surveying instruments. This implies an increase in surveyed azimuth uncertainty, as one moves into northern regions.

This work analyzes the influence of the uncertainty increase on the required separation distance between wellbores. An expansion factor Fφ2/φ1 is presented, defined as the factor that scales a separation distance from latitude φ1 to latitude φ2, provided that the confidence level, and thus the collision risk, remains the same.

Uncertainty analysis incorporating a broad range of wellbore profiles and several magnetic and gyroscopic surveying instruments has been carried out. The results show that Fφ2/φ1 can range from 1.35 to above 2.0, when moving from 60°N (North Sea region) to 75°N (Barents Sea region). If expansion factors of these magnitudes are ignored, the collision risk typically increases by a factor of 10 to 50, respectively. These numbers show that it is of vital importance to apply the correct latitude dependency in wellbore surveying error models, when planning drilling activities in arctic regions.
Methodology to Assess Thaw Subsidence Impacts on the Design and Integrity of Oil and Gas Wells in Arctic Regions
Authors: Xie J.. , Matthews C. M.
Published: December 2011

Over the past decade, petroleum operators have shown increased interest in exploring and developing oil and gas reservoirs in both onshore and offshore Arctic areas. In many cases, the reservoirs are known to be overlain by massive permafrost layers on the order of 50 to 700 m thick. These conditions create unique design and operation challenges for production and injection wells from the perspective of ensuring that well integrity will not be compromised by the inevitable thaw subsidence of the permafrost soil layers.

This paper presents a methodology for modeling and analyzing the severe casing loading and deformation conditions that can occur under thaw subsidence loading. The well design and evaluation methodology includes several sequential steps as follows: wellbore hydraulic and heat transfer analysis, to determine the heat input to the permafrost interval along the well(s) due to either the production of hydrocarbons or water injection; geothermal and geomechanical analyses, to calculate the extent of the permafrost thaw and the resultant thaw-induced soil stresses and movements; and casing-formation interaction analyses, to establish the structural response and evaluate the mechanical and hydraulic integrity of the well casing under the thaw subsidence loads. Sequential thermal and displacement analysis models are used to establish the extent of the thaw boundary that develops with time around the well(s) and the associated thaw subsidence response of the individual soil layers. These results serve as inputs to the non-linear analyses used to assess casing integrity. Examples are used to demonstrate the potential for thaw subsidence movements to cause casing failures, as a result of excessive compressive strains, buckling or large lateral deformations, in both single and multiple well layout scenarios. The methodology presented is recommended for optimizing well completion designs to minimize the potential for such failures to occur.
Permafrost and Other Geohazards of Arctic Offshore
Authors: Bondarev V. N. , Loktev A. S.
Published: December 2011

Arctic Shelf hydrocarbon reserves are estimated over 100 billiard t (in oil equivalent) by different experts when most part of them are in Barents, Pechora and Kara seas [Kliewer G., 2006, www.gazflot.ru]. Obviously offshore oil and gas fields will be intensively developed at the next decades. And the process has being in progress if take in mind started exploration offshore Sakhalin, and ice gravity platform "Prirazlomnaya" has left Murmansk Aug 18, 2011 (when first well to be drilled until end of 2001 as per planning) [www.gazprom.ru]. And soil investigations are completing for Shtokman project design and construction.

That is why problems of environment study and forecast for designing and construction are getting special value and significance. When name "environment" we have to understand it means three components: atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere; they all have some specificity in the area.

Sever climate with long period of negative temperature and strong continuous winds, influence of hydrodynamic and ice factors, specific soil extend, permafrost and post cryogenic processes are the features. The main geo hazards spread along Arctic Shelf are caused by acting of: -oceanlogical factors (wave, wind, tide, etc),-ice, icebergs, stamukhas, hummocks,-lithodynamic influence,-subbotom permafrost and post cryogenic processes,-tectonics and seismicity,-anthropogenic factors,-structure of soil section (weak and non-homogenic soils, specific deposits),-sea bottom morphology features (variability of sea flour, water depth etc).It should be noted phenomena and processes of water and air mediums have been recording over centuries by man already and that is why they are learnt enough. The main problem come up at engineering-oceanlogical investigation is reliability of forecasts to be a function of observation duration first of all.

Normative documents of GOSSTROI and POSGIDROMET specify the period as 1 to 5 years for production facilities of oil and gas industry. However there are no such continuous and long-term investigations in Arctic Shelf (complete series should include around-year period with extreme and moderate rows). Obviously initial data are the most important factor to be acting to reliability of the results irrespective of mean or method of modeling (mathematical, physical). For instance, AARI recorded many icebergs near Shtokman field at the ice expedition in Barents Sea, 2003 [Buzin I.V., 2006]. The formations had size of up to 0.2x0.4km and mass of upto 3.7 million ton (fig.1). Such their extremal spread and formation had not been noted for over hundred year term observation. And this was not considered at the exploration facilities designing on the field.
Effects of Tillage and Residue Management on Soil Organic Carbon and Total Nitrogen in the North China Plain
Authors: Hou Ruixing , Ouyang Zhu , Li Yunsheng , Tyler Donald D. , Li Fadong , Wilson Glenn V.
Published: December 2011

A suitable tillage‐residue management system is needed in the North China Plain (NCP) that sustains soil fertility and agronomic productivity. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of different tillage‐residue managements for a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and summer maize (Zea mays L.) double‐crop system on soil organic carbon (SOC) and total N pools. No‐tillage with residue cover (NTR), no‐tillage with residue removed and manure applied (NTRRM), and conventional tillage with residue removed (CTRR) were investigated for 6 yr, based on a uniform N application among treatments. Soil samples were collected at six depths and changes in SOC and total N pools were analyzed. Treatments of NTRRM and NTR sequestered more SOC and total N in the 0‐ to 5‐cm depth than CTRR. In the subsoil (5–60 cm), annual SOC sequestration was 0.01 and −0.40 Mg ha−1 yr−1 for NTRRM and NTR, respectively, while CTRR exhibited a significantly positive SOC pool trend. In the whole soil profile (0–60 cm), NTRRM, NTR, and CTRR sequestered SOC at the rates of 0.66, 0.27 and 2.24 Mg ha−1 yr−1. When manure was applied to substitute for the N lost from residue removal, the NTRRM tended to accumulate more SOC than NTR, and had similar accumulation as NTR in total N pools, grain yield, and aboveground biomass. Crop residue could be substituted by manure in this double‐crop, irrigated system. Conventional tillage, with residue removed, was suitable in soil fertility and agronomic productivity relative to NTRRM and NTR in the NCP.
Structure evolution and mechanical behavior of poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibers drawn at different number of drawing stages
Authors: Haji Aminoddin , Rahbar Semnani
Published: December 2011

In this work, the structure, mechanical and thermal properties of PET fiber
obtained by hot multi-stage drawing have been investigated in terms of their
dependence on the number of drawing steps at an equivalent total draw ratio.
Differential scanning calorimetry, birefringence, wide-angle x-ray
diffraction, FTIR spectroscopy, tensile properties, and taut-tie molecules
were used to characterize the fine structure and physical properties of the
fibers. Results have been explained in terms of a higher drawing residence
time at an equivalent drawing speed. For single stage drawn fiber, a high
tensile strength is obtained, whereas a high initial modulus is obtained for
fiber drawn at three-stage drawing. According to the results, an important
finding is that three-stage drawing process has the potential to produce
high-modulus fibers. The enhanced fraction of taut-tie molecules is found in
three-stage drawn fiber, which is believed to be one of the important factors
leading to the high modulus achieved in fibers drawn in hot multistage.
Information about articles retraction
Authors: Urednistvo U
Published: December 2011

(retraction) Based on the decision of the Editorial Board of the journal 'Serbian Archives of Medicine' made at the meeting of the members of the Editorial Board October 12, 2010, the following articles are retracted from 'Serbian Archives of Medicine' because they were published in other journals in almost identical form ('duplicate publications'): Sveti Luka i njegov kult kao svetog vraca u srpskom narodu Zorica Mitrovic, Ljiljana Markovic, Maja Nenadovic Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo, 2004, vol. 132, br. 9-10, str. 364-368 DOI: 10.2298/SARH0410364M, Previously published in: Arhiv za farmaciju, 2003, vol. 53, br. 6, str. 507-521 Sveti Luka i njegov kult kao svetog vraca u srpskom narodu Zorica Mitrovic.

Link to the retracted article 10.2298/SARH0410364M
Information about articles retraction
Authors: Urednistvo U
Published: December 2011

(retrakcija) Postovani citaoci, Obavestavam Vas da je rad pod naslovom 'Uticaj lasera male snage na zarastanje ostecenja kosti: eksperimentalna istrazivanja', autora Alekse Markovica, Radojice Drazica i Snjezane Colic, koji je objavljen u svesci 2 Stomatoloskog glasnika Srbije za 2009. godinu (vol. 56, str. 86-90), povucen, odnosno ponisten, i ne nalazi se u bazi podataka ovog casopisa. Time se onemogucava navodjenje ovoga rada u bibliografiji potpisanih autora i sprecava njegovo eventualno citiranje. Osnovni razlog ove odluke je cinjenica da je skoro identican rad, ali sa drugim autorima, stampan u casopisu Journal of Laser Application 2005. godine (vol. 5, p.169-172), sto je u suprotnosti s principima dobre naucne prakse i etickim kodeksom naucnoistrazivackog rada. U isto vreme ova odluka je u skladu s principima dobre uredjivacke prakse, odnosno uredjivackom politikom casopisa za koji sam trenutno odgovoran.

Link to the retracted article 10.2298/SGS0902086M
Ruptured ovarian metastatic malignant melanoma caused acute abdomen
Authors: Habek Dubravko , Marton Ingrid , Bauman Renato , Prka Matija , Bobić Mirna
Published: December 2011

Ovarian metastatic malignant melanoma is a rare form of disseminated malignant melanoma. We present a rare case of acute abdomen due to rupture of ovarian metastatic malignant melanoma seven years after removal of a primary cutaneous malignant melanoma lesion, followed by reexcision of the cicatrix and axillary dissection (Clark III, Breslow IV), one year after osteoplastic parietal craniotomy for removal of recidiv metastatic lesions, and excision of the cutaneous malignant melanoma lesion on the upper leg were performed. During laparotomy because of acute abdomen, 4 L of free liquid (blood and ascites) were evacuated. The right adnexal mass was loose tumor, size 110x75 mm, with rupture on the posterior wall and hemorrhage. Unilateral adnexectomy was performed. Pathohystologic evaluation revealed tumor cells with eosinophilic, clear cytoplasm, intracytoplasmatic melanotic pigment and a great number of mitosis.Immunohistochemical results supported positivity for protein S-100, whereas results for cytoceratin 7, cytoceratin 20, pancytoceratin, epithelial membrane antigen and HMB-45 were negative. Three months after the surgery the patient died due to disseminated cerebral melanoma. An adnexal mass and the history of previous MM should be suspected to be ovarian metastatic malignant melanoma and the patient should be seen by gynecologist at least for active treatment.
Doping level of Mn in high temperature grown Zn1−x MnxO studied through electronic charge distribution, magnetization, and local structure
Authors: Saravanan Ramachandran , Francis Santhanam , Berchmans John
Published: December 2011

Mn inclusion in the oxide based diluted magnetic semiconductor Zn1−x MnxO (x = 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, and 0.10) grown by standard high temperature solid state reaction technique has been studied. The local and average structure of Zn1−x MnxO was characterized by the super resolution technique maximum entropy method and pair distribution function analysis using the X-ray powder data. Magnetic studies on this material using a Vibrating Sample Magnetometer were also carried out to ascertain the doping level in Zn1−x MnxO.