bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Imagens sociais de famílias com filhos em acolhimento e em contexto familiar: um estudo entre Brasil e Portugal
Authors: Zappe Jana Gonçalves , Patias Naiana Dapieve , Patrício Joana Nunes , Calheiros Maria Manuela , Lopes Diniz , Dell'Aglio Débora Dalbosco
Published: July 2018

A literatura indica que as famílias de crianças e jovens em acolhimento institucional podem ser estigmatizadas socialmente, gerando um impacto negativo no seu bem-estar, na construção da sua identidade e no sucesso da intervenção familiar. No entanto, poucos estudos investigam empiricamente esta imagem social. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a imagem social das famílias de crianças e jovens em diferentes contextos em Portugal e no Brasil. Uma amostra de 378 participantes (176 portugueses e 202 brasileiros) foi solicitada a indicar cinco atributos de famílias de crianças e jovens em acolhimento institucional e outros cinco atributos de famílias de crianças e jovens em contexto familiar, de estatutos socioeconômicos baixo e médio. Os dados indicam que em ambos os países existe um predomínio de atributos negativos associados às famílias de crianças e jovens em acolhimento institucional e de estatuto socioeconômico baixo, e um predomínio de atributos positivos associados às famílias em contexto familiar de estatuto socioeconômico médio. Destaca-se a necessidade de intervenções, especialmente com profissionais que atuam junto a essa população, para conscientização sobre essas imagens sociais.
Amor, atitudes sexuais e índice de risco às DST em idosos
Authors: Silva Luiz Antônio da , França Lucia Helena de Freitas Pinho , Hernandez José Augusto Evangelho
Published: July 2018

O crescente envelhecimento populacional e os temas relativos à velhice têm recebido destaque nas ciências sociais e da saúde. Este estudo investigou as possíveis relações entre as percepções do amor e das atitudes sexuais e o risco de contágio das Doenças Sexualmente Transmissíveis (DST) na velhice. Foram avaliados 352 idosos cognitivamente saudáveis do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, que responderam a Escala Triangular do Amor de Sternberg (ETAS), a Brief Sexual Attitudes Scale (BSAS) e um questionário sociodemográfico que também avaliou o grau de risco às DST nas relações sexuais dos idosos. A Análise Fatorial Exploratória revelou fraquezas psicométricas na versão adaptada da BSAS que invalidaram a maior parte dos itens e fatores, excetuando-se o fator Permissividade. Foram apurados níveis significamente maiores de Permissividade nos homens, em comparação com as mulheres. Os resultados revelaram que, quanto maior o nível global de Amor, maior o risco às DST para as mulheres, que adotam uma orientação do sexo mais relacional e centrada na pessoa; os homens adotaram orientação mais recreacional e centrada no corpo; quanto maior a Idade, menor o nível de Permissividade e menor será o risco às DST. Recomenda-se a replicação desta pesquisa em outras amostras de idosos.
Conhecendo a imagem, o papel e a relação avó-neto: a perspectiva de avós maternas
Authors: Zanatta Edinara , Arpini Dorian Mônica
Published: July 2018

Considerando-se a importância que os avós têm para o contexto familiar, este estudo teve como objetivo investigar as "novas" configurações da imagem, do papel e da função das avós pertencentes a um contexto socioeconômico de baixa renda, residentes em uma cidade no interior do Rio Grande do Sul, bem como apresentar alguns aspectos da relação avó-neto. Este é um estudo qualitativo em que participaram 10 avós cujas filhas estavam vivenciando a maternidade pela primeira vez e eram usuárias de um Programa Público de Saúde Materno-Infantil. Como instrumento de coleta de dados, utilizou-se uma ficha de dados sociodemográficos e uma entrevista semidirigida. Os resultados foram analisados conforme o método de análise de conteúdo e apontaram que as avós são relativamente jovens e ativas. A relação avós-netos foi marcada por sentimentos de satisfação, afeto e zelo, não sendo observada disparidade nesta em decorrência da idade da filha ao se tornar mãe. Destaca-se, ainda, o papel de apoio desempenhado pelas avós, em decorrência do nascimento do neto, colocando-se como referência para as filhas. Por fim, salienta-se a importância de novos estudos envolvendo avós, considerando a importância e envolvimento das mesmas nos momentos de transição familiar, como é o nascimento de um neto.
O desenvolvimento de brincadeiras criativas no contexto dos parquinhos públicos
Authors: Souza Amanda Santos de , Pinto Paula Sanders Pereira
Published: July 2018

O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o desenvolvimento de brincadeiras criativas em um parquinho público localizado na cidade de Salvador (BA). Considera-se uso criativo todas as variações do seu uso original. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, descritivo e analítico, dividido em duas etapas, no qual foram identificadas as brincadeiras criativas mais comuns antes e depois da reforma do parquinho. Os dados foram coletados através de sessões de observação de brincadeiras e analisados qualitativamente. Verificou-se que a brincadeira criativa foi utilizada pelas crianças antes e após a reforma do parquinho. Antes da reforma, o uso criativo foi feito logo no início das brincadeiras; depois, este tipo de exploração ocorreu após o uso funcional do espaço e dos equipamentos, uma vez que estavam em melhores condições de uso. Ressalta-se a necessidade da construção de parquinhos públicos mais atrativos e que estimulem a criatividade de uma maneira segura, considerando os perigos que um espaço danificado pode trazer para a saúde das crianças.
Research Roundup
Authors: Cowan Helen
Published: July 2018

Helen Cowan presents a selection of recently published articles of interest to nurses working in cardiovascular nursing. The aim of this roundup is to provide a brief overview of the research papers selected. A full reference is provided for those who wish to take a look at the research in further detail.
What role does personality play in cardiovascular disease?
Authors: Jackson Alun C , Ski Chantal F , Murphy Barbara M , Fernandez Ephrem , Alvarenga Marlies E , Le Grande Michael R , Thompson David R
Published: July 2018

Despite the 60-year history of attempting to understand the relationship between personality and cardiovascular disease (CVD), individual dispositions that affect the manner in which people think, feel and act are not typically considered in cardiac clinical settings. To identify how persistent negative emotional states and behavioural traits impacted cardiovascular health, early studies focused on the Type A personality (competitive, aggressive) and, later on, the Type D personality (‘distressed’). Recent evidence on other personality types or behaviours, such as borderline personality disorder, alexithymia and neuroticism, suggest that it may be the core elements of these, alongside hostility and proneness to anger, that lead to atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction, coronary artery calcification, and inflammation. The current paper, and part 2 of the Psychology in Cardiology series, explores the evidence supporting different interventions for people with health-compromising personality factors, to assist in planning lifestyle modification.
Reflections of Research: An artery's insides, by Mathew Lee
Authors: Lee Mathew
Published: July 2018

The British Heart Foundation (BHF) annual image competition, Reflections of Research, provides a glimpse into the cutting-edge research that the BHF funds
GP perspectives of paramedic referrals to urgent and primary care
Authors: Burns John
Published: July 2018

Background:

This article stemmed from a search for more understanding about how paramedics relate to urgent and primary care (U&PC).

Methods:

The current study is qualitative, involving interview with seven general practitioners (GPs) in Wirral, Merseyside. Their verbatim evidence was audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed.

Findings:

There were three superordinate themes established: variability of referrals; the value of referrals sometimes being overlooked; and the need for skills development to improve referrals.

Conclusion:

The paramedic skillset is essential for appropriate referrals as long as their limitations are considered by GPs, while future research should focus on how paramedic skill bases can evolve in the U&PC community.
Best practice technique in intramuscular injection
Authors: Kirk Andrew
Published: July 2018

In each issue, the paramedic education team at Edge Hill University focuses on the clinical skills carried out by paramedics on the frontlines, highlighting the importance of these skills and how to perform them. In this issue, Andrew Kirk discusses the administration of intramuscular injection in pre-hospital care in line with best practice.
Training and scope of practice for orthodontic auxiliaries: where does the uk sit within europe?
Authors: Barber Sophy , Shah Rishma , O'Neill Julian , Murray Alison , Sandler Jonathan , Hodge Trevor
Published: July 2018

Abstract: This article aims to outline the role and training of orthodontic auxiliaries in the UK, including the development of orthodontic therapists (OTs). The limitations and findings from a survey taken to understand the training and scope of orthodontic auxiliaries across Europe are provided and we reflect on the desirability and feasibility of standardized training for OTs, particularly in light of Brexit.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Orthodontic auxiliaries are important members of the dental team. It is important that the training, role and scope of practice of all team members are understood to allow safe delegation and supervision.
The impact of large scale agriculture on forest and wildlife in Diga Woreda, Western Ethiopia
Authors: JALETA OLANI GANFURE , DEBELLA HABTE JEBESSA
Published: July 2018

Jaleta OG, Jebessa H. 2018. The impact of large scale agriculture on forest and wildlife in Diga Woreda, Western Ethiopia. Asian J Agric 1: 100-113. Large-scale agriculture uses agricultural machinery to mechanize the practices of agriculture. It is one of the leading causes of the loss of forest and wildlife in many countries including our country, Ethiopia. Information on forest cover change that occurred from 1986 to 2006 in Diga Woreda/district (Woyessa Dimtu, Bekiltu Gudina, and Melka Beti Jirma Kebeles) was compared with the present time using Geographic Information System (GIS). The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of large-scale agriculture on forest cover change by using the satellite image of the study area and other data collecting methods such as household's interview, KI, FGD and observation (survey) to detect its effect on wildlife. The study employed both qualitative and quantitative data as well as primary and secondary data sources to collect necessary information. The information providers were purposively selected from sample ‘kebeles' based on their age and experiences, that is, to get a detail and accurate information elders and experts who have lived in the area for many years and who know more how and when the Hanger-Didessa state farm had established were selected. The state farm covered a large area, that is, about four districts such as Sasiga, Diga, Arjo and Guto Gida. For this study, Diga was selected because of its socio-economic characteristics, deforested (degraded) area, local loss of larger mammals and forest cover changes observed in the district. The descriptive research method was used to assess community's knowledge, perception, skill, and feeling about the impact of Local Study Area (LSA) on forest and wildlife in the area. Land cover change analysis for 1986 to 2006 showed that the land cover of the study area is classified as grazing, wood, agricultural, settlement and degraded lands. The result of the analysis showed that agriculture, settlement and degraded lands increased from 19.68% to 32.72%, 12.12% to 26.85% and 2.76% to 4.72% respectively in an expense of a decrease in the grass (grazing) and woodlands. Therefore, LSA is the primary cause for the loss of forest and wildlife in the study area.
Analysis of wave energy reduction and sediment stabilization by mangroves in Gazi Bay, Kenya
Authors: NDIRANGU MAINA DAVID , CHIRA ROBERT MUTUGI , WANG’ONDU VIRGINIA , KAIRO JAMES G.
Published: July 2018

Ndirangu MD, Chira RM, Wang’ondu V, Kairo JG. 2018. Wave energy reduction and sediment stabilization by mangroves in Gazi Bay, Kenya. Biodiversitas 19: 83-94. Mangrove forests provide natural protection to the coast by attenuating wave energy and stabilizing sediments. The efficiency of coastal protection is likely to decline with increased degradation and losses of mangrove forests. Nevertheless, there are few empirical studies to test these hypotheses. The objective of the study was to investigate how wave energy and sediment stabilization vary with tree density in a monospecies stand of mangroves (Sonneratia alba) at Gazi Bay, Kenya. Seven belt transects were randomly selected along 900 m stretches of shoreline with homogenous emergent wave energy. Structural parameters, including; tree density, pneumatophores density, and basal areas were quantified using two quadrat measuring 25 m by 20 m along each transect. Three intertidal stations, each with five sampling points were sampled for wave energy using uniform plaster of Paris clod cards. Sediment stability was measured using improvised sinking metal disks made from bicycle spokes, and sediment accretion was monitored by Surface Elevation Tables (SETs). All transects showed significant difference in pneumatophores density (F (2.39) =25.15), tree density (F (2.33) =24.79), and basal area (F (2.39) = 29.66). The wave energy sampled by tree stems between stations and the correlation of wave energy reduction against tree density/ha, pneumatophores density, and basal areas per m2 also showed a significant difference. Regression analysis showed a significant difference in the sediment stability against tree density (R2 = 61%) and basal areas (R2 = 72.8%) while there was no significant difference between sediment stability and pneumatophores density (R2= 47%). Regression analysis between mean sediment accretion rates against all parameters were not significant. This study will help the managers and the government on the merit of using mangroves as bio-shields in protecting coastlines against erosion and stabilizing sediment in the wake of much anticipated global changing climate and sea-level rise.
Documenting queer(ed) punk histories: Instagram, archives and ephemerality
Authors: Rosenberg Shoshana , Sharp Megan
Published: July 2018

Queer(ed) bodies in punk subculture problematize deeply embedded heterosexual, cismale occupation of space and time. Traditional modes of media and documentation aid in establishing normative perspectives of who participates in punk, and how. Rather than reproducing dominant media expectations, queer people express and explore their self(s) through mediating fleeting-yet-concrete utopias that often leave only ephemeral evidence, but are picked up from the margins of scenes and media by others who know where to find them. This article examines tattooing and its intersection with Instagram digitization as forms of memorialising identity, not necessarily through the artwork of the tattoo, but rather through the praxis and application of its subject. Through a reflexive analysis of interviews with queer people who have been involved with punk, as well as the authors’ autoethnographic reflections on their own experiences as queers in punk scenes and on Instagram, this article explores tattoo practice as a means of creating affective atmospheres and embodying queer futurity. We find that tattoos act as silos for bodily and digital memory, and that their utility for queer punx generates new forms of meaning, mediation and production.
Classic Media Review
Authors: McBean Sam
Published: July 2018

Fun Home: A Family Tragicomic, Alison Bechdel (2006) London: Jonathan Cape, 240 pp., ISBN: 9780224080514, p/bk, £9.68
Against anomie: Julio Hernández Cordón’s post-war trilogy – Gasolina/Gasoline (2008), Las marimbas del infierno/The Marimbas of Hell (2010) and Polvo/Dust (2012)
Authors: Grinberg Pla Valeria
Published: July 2018

This article explores how the feature films Gasolina/Gasoline (2008), Las marimbas del infierno/The Marimbas of Hell (2010) and Polvo/Dust (2012), directed by Julio Hernández Cordón, approach Guatemalan post-war realities using minimalist plots that subvert the principles of mainstream fictional film and in which an experimental impetus plays a key role. I propose a reading of the discursive ambivalence between the experimental, the documentary and traditional fictional cinema that characterizes these three films. They will be seen in relation to their significant contribution to the space of memory cinema, which is directly linked to their indeterminate positions and the oscillation between these differing genres.
Turismo de base comunitária na América Latina: uma estratégia em rede
Authors: Moraes Edilaine Albertino de , Irving Marta de Azevedo , Mendonça Teresa Cristina Miranda
Published: July 2018

A abordagem sobre novas possibilidades para o desenvolvimento turístico, em várias regiões do mundo, passa pela compreensão do modo de construção de iniciativas designadas como turismo de base comunitária. Nesse contexto, este artigo tem o objetivo de interpretar algumas dessas experiências em curso na América Latina à luz da noção de redes. A metodologia adotada para orientar a reflexão proposta se baseou em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental acerca do tema, sendo complementada pelo levantamento de informações disponíveis nas páginas da internet de cada iniciativa identificada com esse foco e vinculada à Rede de Turismo Comunitário da América Latina (REDTURS). A sistematização dos dados se apoiou na elaboração de uma matriz síntese, tendo a sua interpretação sido desenvolvida por meio da adaptação da técnica de Análise de Conteúdo. Com base nos principais resultados da pesquisa, foi possível refletir que as redes de TBC analisadas se configuram como um movimento de articulação de ações direcionadas, sobretudo, à comercialização no mercado de viagens e turismo, ao intercâmbio e ao compartilhamento de informações, à gestão e à operacionalização de empreendimentos, à influência em políticas públicas e ao fortalecimento de capacidades locais e de mobilização social, realizando alianças em escalas local, nacional e internacional.
Relacionamento entre capacidade absortiva e orientação empreendedora: um estudo nos hotéis de Florianópolis (SC)
Authors: Sbissa Amanda Paterno , Rossetto Carlos Ricardo , Carvalho Carlos Eduardo , Zonatto Patrinês Aparecida Franca
Published: July 2018

Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar o relacionamento entre a capacidade absortiva (ACAP) e orientação empreendedora (OE) em hotéis de Florianópolis/SC. O estudo testou a hipótese de que a Capacidade Absortiva influencia a Orientação Empreendedora. Para isso foi realizado um estudo quantitativo, de caráter descritivo, utilizando-se o método levantamento ou survey. A população alvo foi composta de hotéis situados na cidade de Florianópolis (SC). A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de questionários com escalas tipo Likert, aplicados junto a 88 gestores dos hotéis. A análise e o teste de hipótese foram realizados por meio de modelagem de equações estruturais. Como resultado encontrado foi possível confirmar que a capacidade absortiva influencia positivamente na orientação empreendedora, sendo que no modelo testado o coeficiente de determinação encontrado foi de 52%. Isto mostra que hotéis que tenham maior capacidade de absorver conhecimentos externos apresentam maior nível de práticas empreendedoras.
Análise do composto de marketing em empresas de turismo: um estudo bibliométrico
Authors: Miranda Júnior Newton Da Silva , Sousa Pedro Henrique Rodrigues de , Demo Gisela
Published: July 2018

Essa pesquisa bibliométrica analisou a produção acadêmica acerca do composto de marketing em empresas atuantes no turismo, no período de 2012 a 2017. O objetivo do artigo foi identificar tendências nos aspectos metodológicos, nas variáveis do composto de marketing e nos segmentos do trade turístico. A quantidade de estudos analisada foi igual a 40 artigos, dos quais 23 foram encontrados em periódicos internacionais e 17 em nacionais. Quanto à análise dos dados coletados, empregou-se estatística descritiva e multivariada por meio de análise categórica de correspondência. Conforme os resultados encontrados, constatou-se que os estudos internacionais recorrem a procedimentos e técnicas quantitativas de investigação, ao passo que os estudos nacionais recorrem aos qualitativos. Também foi notado que, a partir de 2015, houve diminuição na quantidade de estudos publicados referentes ao composto de marketing entre as pequenas e médias empresas atuantes no turismo. A comunicação foi a variável mais recorrente e o preço foi a menos frequente. Com bases na análise categórica de correspondência, a hotelaria foi associada às questões de empreendedorismo e de marketing digital; os setores de alimentação e as agências de turismo às estratégicas de marketing; o setor de recreação e diversão ao marketing de relacionamento; e os demais setores à inovação e à vantagem competitiva.
Advanced Nonequilibrium Modelling of DC Tungsten-Inert Gas Arcs
Authors: Baeva M. , Uhrlandt D.
Published: July 2018

The paper is concerned with the state-of-the-art nonequilibrium modelling of a DC tungsten-inert gas arc plasma. The advanced description involves the two-way interaction between the plasma and the electrodes. Results in atmospheric pressure argon demonstrating important features of the arc plasma are presented and discussed. First results in the presence of metal vapour released from the molten anode are presented. Outlook for further developments in nonequilibrium arc modelling are discussed.
Mechanisms Responsible for Arc Cooling in Different Gases in Turbulent Nozzle Flow
Authors: Guo Y. , Zhang H. , Yao Y. , Zhang Q. , Yan J. D.
Published: July 2018

A high voltage gas blast circuit breaker relies on the high speed gas flow in a nozzle to remove the energy due to Ohmic heating at high current and to provide strong arc cooling during the current zero period to interrupt a fault current. The physical mechanisms that are responsible for the hugely different arc cooling capabilities of two gases (SF6 and air) are studied in the present work and important gas material properties controlling the cooling strength identified.
Experimental Temperature Measurements in Miniature Circuit Breaker
Authors: Simek D. , Pecek D.
Published: July 2018

Low voltage switching apparatuses efficiency depends on the speed of movement of the switching arc from the contacts to the quenching chamber. The paper is focused on investigation of this movement of an arc. Measurement of radiation spectra of the electric arc burning inside miniature circuit breaker and moving to quenching chamber are presented. Measured radiation spectra contain suitable atomic spectra lines for calculation purposes. The problems connected with the measurements are discussed. The main part of the paper deals with a calculation of temperature of the investigated plasma of the arc. Atomic lines database of National Institute of Standards and Technology was used as a spectral data source for the calculations.
Sprachbiographien in der Migrationsgesellschaft
Authors: Thoma Nadja
Published: July 2018

Die Bedeutung migrationsgesellschaftlich dominanter Sprachen für Bildungserfolg gilt als unumstritten. An der Schnittstelle von Soziolinguistik und bildungswissenschaftlicher Biographieforschung untersucht Nadja Thoma auf der Basis erzählter Lebensgeschichten, wie nicht dominant positionierte Germanistikstudierende ihre Sprachbiographien konstruieren, welche Erfahrungen sie an Bildungsinstitutionen machen und wie sich ihre Haltungen zu Sprache(n) lebensgeschichtlich verändern. Die Studie liefert mit ihrem biographieanalytischen Ansatz einen differenzierten Beitrag zu bislang wenig beachteten Aspekten sprachbiographischer Forschung.
Investigation on Gaseous and Particle Mass Emissions from Automatically Fired Small Scale Heating System under Laboratory Conditions
Authors: Obaidullah Md. , Bram Svend , De Ruyck Jacques De Ruyck
Published: July 2018

This study presents the experimental results on gaseous and particle mass emissions obtained from a bottom feed pellet stove of 2.5 kW output in part load heat and 5 kW output in nominal heat. The experiments were conducted in a stove manufacturing plant in the southern part of Belgium. Two combustion experiments (A and B) in part load heat output and four experiments (C, D, E and E) in nominal load were performed at three combustion phases: startup, combustion and burnout phase. The pellet stove was operated in different fan speeds varied from 900 rpm to 1250 rpm for the combustion experiments. Experiments A and B were operated with low speed fan, C and D with medium speed fan, E and F with high speed fan. The emissions results include CO2, CO, O2 and particle mass concentrations are presented in this study. A performance analysis in terms of combustion efficiency together with different losses of the pellet stove is also discussed. The experimental results show that CO emissions obtained from the main combustion phase of the part load heat output experiments varied from 1215 mg/Nm3 to 1450 mg/Nm3, while in the nominal load heat output varied from 50 mg/Nm3 to 145 mg/Nm3. Also, the results show that CO emissions in the burnout phase from all the experiments were significantly higher than that in the startup phase followed by the combustion phase. The finding shows that higher CO emissions in the startup and burnout phase have influence on the total CO emissions. Particle mass emissions obtained from the combustion experiments operated with high fan speed varied from 10-15 mg/Nm3 respectively and were much lower than the required limit value of standard EN14785 and other works. The combustion efficiency obtained from all the experiments for the low speed fan, medium speed fan and high speed fan was 92.8±1.2 %, 92.4±1.1 % and 92.7±1.2 % respectively and satisfied the required limit value of the standard.Article History: Received Sept 12th 2017; Received in revised form March 17th 2018; Accepted April 26th 2018; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Obaidullah, M., Bram, S. and De Ruyck, J. (2018) Investigation on Gaseous and Particle Mass Emissions from Automatically Fired Small Scale Heating System under Laboratory Conditions. Int. Journal of Renewable Energi Development, 7(2), 111-121.https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.7.2.111-121
Influence of Temperature on Electrical Characteristics of Different Photovoltaic Module Technologies
Authors: Jatoi Abdul Rehman , Samo Saleem Raza , Jakhrani Abdul Qayoom
Published: July 2018

­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­The aim of this study was to analyse the influence of temperature on electrical characteristics of crystalline and amorphous photovoltaic (PV) modules in outdoor conditions at Nawabshah. The experimental setup was made over the roof of the departmental building. The climatic conditions of site were recorded with the help of HP-2000 Professional Weather Station in three different timings of the day, i.e. morning, noon and evening. The electrical characteristics of the PV modules were recorded with Prova-210 and module temperatures with Prova-830. The maximum intensity of global solar radiation was recorded at noon and ambient temperature in the evening and the relative humidity in the morning hours. It was observed that amorphous module got 0.7°C, 1.0°C and 1.6°C more average temperature than polycrystalline, thin film and monocrystalline modules respectively. The average maximum measured open-circuit voltage was noted from amorphous with 96.7% and minimum from thin film with 81.3% of their respective values on standard conditions, whereas, the average maximum recorded short-circuit current was produced by thin film with 64.9% and minimum by amorphous with 51.4%. The average maximum power was produced by polycrystalline and minimum by amorphous module. It was discovered that the crystalline PV modules gave more fill factor than thin film and amorphous module.Article History: Received January 6th 2018; Received in revised form May 5th 2018; Accepted May 26th 2018; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Jatoi, A.R., Samo, S.R. and Jakhrani, A.Q. (2018). Influence of Temperature on Electrical Characteristics of Different Photovoltaic Module Technologies. Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 7(2), 85-91.https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.7.2.85-91
Effect of Hydraulic Retention Time on Biogas Production from Cow Dung in A Semi Continuous Anaerobic Digester
Authors: Haryanto Agus , Triyono Sugeng , Wicaksono Nugroho Hargo
Published: July 2018

The efficiency of biogas production in semi-continuous anaerobic digester is influenced by several factors, among other is loading rate. This research aimed at determining the effect of hydraulic retention time (HRT) on the biogas yield. Experiment was conducted using lab scale self-designed anaerobic digester of 36-L capacity with substrate of a mixture of fresh cow dung and water at a ratio of 1:1. Experiment was run with substrate initial amount of 25 L and five treatment variations of HRT, namely 1.31 gVS/L/d (P1), 2.47 gVS/L/d (P2), 3.82 gVS/L/d (P3), 5.35 gVS/L/d (P4) and 6.67 gVS/L/d (P5). Digester performance including pH, temperature, and biogas yield was measured every day. After stable condition was achieved, biogas composition was analyzed using a gas chromatograph. A 10-day moving average analysis of biogas production was performed to compare biogas yield of each treatment. Results showed that digesters run quite well with average pH of 6.8-7.0 and average daily temperature 28.7-29.1. The best biogas productivity (77.32 L/kg VSremoval) was found in P1 treatment (organic loading rate of 1.31 g/L/d) with biogas yield of 7.23 L/d. With methane content of 57.23% treatment P1 also produce the highest methane yield. Biogas production showed a stable rate after the day of 44. Modified Gompertz kinetic equation is suitable to model daily biogas yield as a function of digestion time.Article History: Received March 24th 2018; Received in revised form June 2nd 2018; Accepted June 16th 2018; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Haryanto, A., Triyono, S., and Wicaksono, N.H. (2018) Effect of Loading Rate on Biogas Production from Cow Dung in A Semi Continuous Anaerobic Digester. Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 7(2), 93-100.https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.7.2.93-100
High-frequency wall vibrations in a cerebral patient-specific aneurysm model
Authors: Balasso Andrea , Fritzsche Marco , Liepsch Dieter , Prothmann Sascha , Kirschke Jan Stefan , Sindeev Sergey , Frolov Sergey , Friedrich Benjamin
Published: July 2018

The presence of high-frequency velocity fluctuations in aneurysms have been confirmed by in-vivo measurements and by several numerical simulation studies. Only a few studies have located and recorded wall vibrations in in-vitro experiments using physiological patient models. In this study, we investigated the wall fluctuations produced by a flowing perfusion fluid in a true-to-scale elastic model of a cerebral fusiform aneurysm using a laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV). The model was obtained from patient data. The experimental setup reproduced physiologically relevant conditions using a compliant perfusion system, physiological flow parameters, unsteady flow and a non-Newtonian fluid. Three geometrically identical models with different wall elasticities were used for measurements. The influence of five different flow rates was considered. Wall vibrations were predominantly found at frequencies in the range 40–60 Hz and 255–265 Hz. Their amplitude increased with increasing elasticity of the model, but the spectral peaks remained at about the same frequency. Varying the flow rate produced almost no changes in the frequency domain of the models. The frequency of the spectral peaks varied slightly between points at the lateral wall and at the bottom of the aneurysm. Indeed, embedding the model in a fluid during measurements produced higher and smoother amplitude fluctuations.
Biomechanical analysis of spinal implants with different rod diameters under static and fatigue loads: an experimental study
Authors: Kovacı Halim , Yetim Ali Fatih , Çelik Ayhan
Published: July 2018

Spinal implants are commonly used in the treatment of spinal disorders or injuries. However, the biomechanical analyses of them are rarely investigated in terms of both biomechanical and clinical perspectives. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of rod diameter on the biomechanical behavior of spinal implants and to make a comparison among them. For this purpose, three spinal implants composed of pedicle screws, setscrews and rods, which were manufactured from Ti6Al4V, with diameters of 5.5 mm, 6 mm and 6.35 mm were used and a bilateral vertebrectomy model was applied to spinal systems. Then, the obtained spinal systems were tested under static tension-compression and fatigue (dynamic compression) conditions. Also, failure analyses were performed to investigate the fatigue behavior of spinal implants. After static tension-compression and fatigue tests, it was found that the yield loads, stiffness values, load carrying capacities and fatigue performances of spinal implants enhanced with increasing spinal rod diameter. In comparison to spinal implants with 5.5 mm rods, the fatigue limits of implants showed 13% and 33% improvements in spinal implants having 6 mm and 6.35 mm rods, respectively. The highest static and fatigue test results were obtained from spinal implants having 6.35 mm rods among the tested implants. Also, it was observed that the increasing yield load and stiffness values caused an increase in the fatigue limits of spinal implants.
Robust EOG-based saccade recognition using multi-channel blind source deconvolution
Authors: Zhang Beibei , Bi Ning , Zhang Chao , Gao Xiangping , Lv Zhao
Published: July 2018

Human activity recognition (HAR) is a research hotspot in the field of artificial intelligence and pattern recognition. The electrooculography (EOG)-based HAR system has attracted much attention due to its good realizability and great application potential. Focusing on the signal processing method of the EOG-HAR system, we propose a robust EOG-based saccade recognition using the multi-channel convolutional independent component analysis (ICA) method. To establish frequency-domain observation vectors, short-time Fourier transform (STFT) is used to process time-domain EOG signals by applying the sliding window technique. Subsequently, we apply the joint approximative diagonalization of eigenmatrix (JADE) algorithm to separate the mixed signals and choose the “clean” saccadic source to extract features. To address the problem of permutation ambiguity in a case with a six-channel condition, we developed a constraint direction of arrival (DOA) algorithm that can automatically adjust the order of eye movement sources according to the constraint angle. Recognition experiments of four different saccadic EOG signals (i.e. up, down, left and right) were conducted in a laboratory environment. The average recognition ratios over 13 subjects were 95.66% and 97.33% under the between-subjects test and the within-subjects test, respectively. Compared with “bandpass filtering”, “wavelet denoising”, “extended infomax algorithm”, “frequency-domain JADE algorithm” and “time-domain JADE algorithm, the recognition ratios obtained relative increments of 4.6%, 3.49%, 2.85%, 2.81% and 2.91% (within-subjects test) and 4.91%, 3.43%, 2.21%, 2.24% and 2.28% (between-subjects test), respectively. The experimental results revealed that the proposed algorithm presents robust classification performance in saccadic EOG signal recognition.
Dynamic Testing and Analysis of Poisson’s Ratio of Lumbers Based on the Cantilever-Plate Bending Mode Shape Method
Authors: Cao Yu , Li Minmin , Wang Zheng , Wang Yunlu , Gao Zizhen
Published: July 2018

In this work, a method for dynamic testing of Poisson’s ratio of dimension lumber was proposed, based on the strain oscillation curve of first-order bending vibration of a cantilever plate. The method is efficient and convenient with good repeatability and high accuracy. Poisson’s ratios along grain and across grain (μLR and μRL, respectively) on radial sections (LR section) and across grain (μRT) on transverse sections of Sitka Spruce specimens were measured. The results show that the Poisson’s ratio along grain on the LR section μLR is one order higher than that across grain on the LR section μRL. Additionally, the accuracy of the elastic modulus of cantilever plate specimens calculated by theoretical equations of cantilever beam was analyzed. For cantilever plate of Sitka Spruce with an aspect ratio of four, the error of elastic modulus calculated with the cantilever formula is 0.7 %.
The Investigation of Tribological Properties of Epoxy-Polyether Composite Materials for Using in the Friction Units of Means of Sea Transport
Authors: Brailo M. , Buketov A. , Yakushchenko S. , Sapronov O. , Vynar V. , Kobelnik O.
Published: July 2018

The tribological properties of composite materials with microdispersed proportions, based on the epoxy-polyether matrix, were investigated. The specimens were tested during dry friction and in the conditions of a corrosive environment. It was determined that at dry friction, the coefficient of friction is f = 0.33–0.35, and the contact temperature of the experimental specimen in the area of mechanical interaction of surfaces is T = 366–369 К. It was proved that composites, which were tested in the conditions of a corrosive environment, differ with improved antifriction properties and increased durability. In this case, the coefficient of friction is f = 0.08–0.09, and the contact temperature in the friction area is T = 295–298 К. It was stated that the wetting of the surface of the friction and heat removal from its area significantly affects the properties of the polymer during friction. In particular, the work surface of the source material and polymer, after testing in different conditions, was analyzed with the methods of optical and electron microscopy. The presence of lines of friction and microcracking of specimens at elevated temperatures was revealed. The elemental composition of the surfaces of materials in different areas was investigated with the help of X-ray microanalysis. The presence of selective transfer effect during the testing was ascertained as a result of analysis of the elemental composition.
Characterization of fibroblast growth factor 1 in obese children and adolescents
Authors: Wang Anru , Yan Xueqin , Zhang Cai , Du Caiqi , Long Wenjun , Zhan Di , Luo Xiaoping
Published: July 2018

Background

Fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) can regulate glucose and lipid metabolism in obese mice. Serum FGF1 has increased in type 2 diabetes mellitus adults and correlated with BMI. This study aimed to indicate conventional weight loss effects on FGF1 in obese children and adolescents.

Materials and methods

Clinical and metabolic parameters of 88 lean and obese individuals (ages 5–15 years) and 39 obese individuals followed with 6 months of lifestyle intervention were collected. Serum FGF1 levels were detected through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.

Results

FGF1 levels were increased in obese individuals. Serum FGF1 levels were significantly correlated with BMI and waist circumferences (r = 0.377, P = 0.012; r = 0.301, P = 0.047, respectively). Multivariate stepwise linear regression analyses showed that FGF1 levels were significantly correlated with HbA1c and HOMA-IR (β = 0.371, P = 0.008; β = 0.323, P = 0.021, respectively). Weight loss (2.3 ± 0.1 kg) was accompanied by a significant reduction of circulating FGF1 levels (7.2 ± 0.4 pg/mL). Changes in FGF1 were significantly correlated with changes in fasting glucose, HOMA-IR and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (β = 0.277, P = 0.020; β = 0.474, P < 0.001; β = 0.320, P = 0.008, respectively).

Conclusion

FGF1 was related to increased risk of insulin resistance in obese children and adolescents. Serum FGF1 reduced after weight loss in obese individuals and was associated with the improvement of insulin resistance. Changes in serum FGF1 were more correlated with insulin resistance than changes in obesity per se.
MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Critical review of the evidence underlying management of glucocorticoid-induced hyperglycaemia
Authors: Radhakutty Anjana , Burt Morton G
Published: July 2018

Glucocorticoids are frequently prescribed to patients with a wide range of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The semi-synthetic glucocorticoid prednisolone is most commonly prescribed and in two main patterns. Prednisolone is prescribed short term at medium-high doses to treat an acute inflammatory illness or long term at lower doses to attenuate chronic inflammatory disease progression. In hospitalized patients with acute prednisolone-induced hyperglycaemia, there is a distinct circadian pattern of glucose elevation, which occurs predominantly in the afternoon and evening. As a morning dose of isophane insulin has a pharmacokinetic pattern that matches this pattern of glucose elevation, treatment comprising a basal dose of morning isophane insulin in combination with short-acting insulin boluses is generally recommended. However, evidence is lacking that isophane-based basal bolus insulin is more efficacious than other insulin regimens. In outpatients, low-dose prednisolone causes a small increase in post glucose-load glucose concentration but no change in overall glycaemic control as measured by glycosylated haemoglobin. If treatment is indicated, metformin has been shown to be effective and may attenuate other adverse effects of long-term prednisolone therapy. Further studies are necessary in order to identify factors underlying the variability in response to insulin therapy and clinical benefits of treatment in hospitalized patients with prednisolone-induced hyperglycaemia. In outpatients prescribed low-dose prednisolone, the cardiovascular risk associated with postprandial hyperglycaemia and efficacy of hypoglycaemic therapies should be evaluated in future randomized clinical trials.
A physiologist observing and reporting supra-pharmacologic dobutamine stress testing: can we trust them, and can we trust the results?
Authors: Porter Thomas R.
Published: July 2018

In a study, published in this issue of Echo Research and Practice, Ntoskas et al. retrospectively analyzed the safety of a cardiac physiologist performing, and interpreting, Dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) in of 300 patients undergoing DSE for the detection of inducible reversible ischemia, myocardial viability and valvular heart disease. While safety during the tests themselves did not appear to be compromised with this unsupervised approach, the interpretation of these DSEs causes concerns regarding broad patient safety relative to misread results.
THE ROLE OF INTRAGESTATIONAL GHRELIN ON POSTNATAL DEVELOPMENT AND REPRODUCTIVE PROGRAMMING IN MICE
Authors: Torres Pedro Javier , Luque Eugenia Mercedes , Ponzio Marina Flavia , Cantarelli Verónica , Diez Marcela , Figueroa Silvia , Vincenti Laura Maria , Carlini Valeria Paola , Martini Ana Carolina
Published: July 2018

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the intragestational role of ghrelin in offspring development and reproductive programming in a mouse model of ghrelin imbalance during pregnancy. Female mice were injected with ghrelin (supraphysiological levels: 4 nmol/animal/day), antagonist (endogenous ghrelin inhibition with (D-Lys3)GHRP-6, 6 nmol/animal/day) or vehicle (control=normal ghrelin levels) throughout the pregnancy. Parameters evaluated in litters were growth, physical, neurobiological, and sexual development and, at adulthood, reproductive function. Litter size and initial weight did not vary between treatments. Male pups from dams treated with ghrelin showed higher body weight increase until adulthood (31.7±0.8 vs control=29.7±0.7, n=11-14 litters/treatment; p<0.05). Postnatal physical and neurobiological development were not modified by treatments. The antagonist accelerated male puberty onset, evidenced as earlier testis descent and increased relative testicular weight (antagonist=0.5±0.0% vs ghrelin=0.4±0.0% and control=0.4±0.0%, n=5-10 litters/treatment; p<0.05). At adulthood, these males exhibited lower relative testicular weight and reduced sperm motility (63.9±3.6% vs control=70.9±3.3 and ghrelin=75.6±3.0, n=13-15 animals; p<0.05), without changes in plasma testosterone or fertility. Female pups intragestationally exposed to the antagonist showed earlier vaginal opening (statistically significant only at day 25) and higher ovarian volume (antagonist=1085.7±64.0mm3 vs ghrelin=663.3±102.8mm3 and control=512.3±116.4mm3; n=4-6 animals/treatment; p<0.05), indicating earlier sexual maturation. At adulthood, these females and those exposed to ghrelin showed a tendency to higher percentages of embryo loss and/or foetal atrophy. In conclusion, ghrelin participates in reproductive foetal programming: alterations in ghrelin activity during pregnancy modified body weight increase and anticipated puberty onset, exerting (or tending to) negative effects on adult reproductive function.
Dynamic changes in gene expression and signalling during trophoblast development in the horse
Authors: Read Jordan E , Cabrera-Sharp Victoria , Offord Victoria , Mirczuk Samantha M , Allen Steve P , Fowkes Robert C , de Mestre Amanda M
Published: July 2018

Equine chorionic girdle trophoblast cells play important endocrine and immune functions critical in supporting pregnancy. Very little is known about the genes and pathways that regulate chorionic girdle trophoblast development. Our aim was to identify genes and signalling pathways active in vivo in equine chorionic girdle trophoblast within a critical 7 days window. We exploited the late implantation of the equine conceptus to obtain trophoblast tissue. An Agilent equine 44K microarray was performed using RNA extracted from Chorionic Girdle and Chorion (control) from equine pregnancy days 27, 30, 31 and 34 (n=5), corresponding to the initiation of chorionic girdle trophoblast proliferation, differentiation and migration. Data was analysed using R packages limma and maSigPro, Ingenuity Pathway Analysis and DAVID and verified using qRT-PCR, promoter analysis, western blotting and migration assays. Microarray analysis showed gene expression (absolute log FC > 2, FDR-adjusted P<0.05) was rapidly and specifically induced in the chorionic girdle between days 27 and 34 (compared to day 27, day 30=116, day 31=317, day 34=781 genes). Pathway analysis identified 35 pathways modulated during chorionic girdle development (e.g. FGF, Integrin, Rho GTPases, MAPK) including pathways that have limited description in mammalian trophoblast (e.g. IL-9, CD40 and CD28 signalling). Rho A and ERK/MAPK activity was confirmed as was a role for transcription factor ELF5 in regulation of the CGB promoter. The purity and accessibility of chorionic girdle trophoblast proved to be a powerful resource to identify candidate genes and pathways involved in early equine placental development.