bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella spp. Isolated from Apparently Healthy Pigeons in a Live Bird Market in Chattogram, Bangladesh
Authors: Bupasha Zamila Bueaza , Begum Ruhena , Karmakar Sharna , Akter Rahima , Bayzid Md , Ahad Abdul , Sarker Md Samun
Published: October 2021

Multidrug-resistant Salmonella could pose a severe public health threat. The current study aimed to investigate the prevalence of antibiotic resistance and some antibiotic-resistant genes in Salmonella spp. isolated from pigeons in a live bird market, Chattogram, Bangladesh. A total of 100 cloacal swab samples were collected aseptically from apparently healthy pigeons in the live bird market, namely Riazuddin Bazar in Chattogram city, Bangladesh. Different bacteriological and biochemical tests were used for the isolation and identification of Salmonella spp. The susceptibility test of Salmonella isolates to different antibiotics was performed by the disk diffusion method. PCR assay using specific primers was used for antibiotic resistance genes detection. The results indicated that the prevalence of Salmonella spp. was 29% in sampled birds. The highest antibiotic resistance rate was found to be ampicillin (93.1%), followed by both sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim and tetracycline (86.2%). In contrast, 65.5% of isolates were found sensitive to ciprofloxacin, followed by colistin (62.1%), kanamycin (55.2%), and gentamicin (48.3%). 96.6% of Salmonella isolates were classified as multidrug-resistant and harbored blaTEM, tetA, sul1, and sul2 genes. In conclusion, pigeons as carriers of antibiotic-resistant Salmonella spp. may pose a health risk to other birds and humans.
Prevalence of Virulence Genes and Antifungal Resistance in Candida albicans Isolated from Raw Goat Milk
Authors: Soliman Mona MH , Kandil Mai M , Elnemr SA , Abuelnaga Azza SM
Published: October 2021

The contamination of goat milk with pathogenic fungi can cause health hazards for the consumers either they consume it raw or even in the processed form. Since there are few studies concerning yeasts in raw goat milk, the present study aimed to determine the prevalence of yeasts and isolate Candida albicans from raw goat milk samples. Also, this study determined the distribution of virulence genes and the antifungal susceptibility profile of Candida albicans isolates. A total of 30 goat milk samples (collected from free-grazing goats) were mycologically examined. The confirmed Candida albicans isolates were subjected to PCR assay to detect the virulence genes (SAP4, RAS1, ALS1, HWP1, and PLB1). Also, antifungal sensitivity testing was performed against the commercially available antifungal agents and probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus plantarum). The mycological examination revealed that 14 out of 30 (46.7%) goat milk samples were positive for yeasts and only 4 (13.3%) isolates were confirmed as Candida albicans. The results from the PCR assay showed that RAS1 and ALS1 were found in 4 (100%) isolates, HWP1 and SAP4 were found in 2 (50%) isolates, while PLB1 was not detected in tested Candida albicans isolates (0%). Antifungal sensitivity testing results showed that ketoconazole gave the best activity against Candida albicans isolates, followed by fluconazole, nystatin, and itraconazole. All isolates were resistant to terbinafine. Moreover, both Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus plantarum showed antifungal effects against Candida albicans, but Lactobacillus plantarum was more effective than Lactobacillus acidophilus. Antifungal resistance is a major problem that can lead to failure of candidiasis treatment. Regular antifungal sensitivity testing and searching for an alternative bio-eco-friendly approach for proper control and treatment of candidiasis are strongly needed to prevent treatment failure and emergence of resistant isolates.
Geostatistical modeling of “lethal coconut palm crown atrophy”, a new disease in the State of Pará
Authors:   Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Gama Adriano da Silva , Farias Paulo Roberto Silva ,   Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia
Published: October 2021

’Lethal Coconut Palm Crown Atrophy’ (LCCA) is a rapidly spreading disease in Brazil, capable of quickly killing coconut trees and threatening the commercial exploration of this plant. The objective of this work was to characterize the spatial and temporal distribution pattern of LCCA in green dwarf coconut commercial plantation areas, located the municipality of Santa Izabel, mesoregion of Northeastern Pará, Brazil. Surveys were carried out at monthly intervals between January 2014 and December 2018, checking for plants with LCCA-characteristic symptoms. Geostatistics was applied to perform spatial-temporal disease estimates based on semivariogram modeling and preparation of ordinary kriging maps. These spatial estimates are conducted through interpolations that characterize data variability in the area. The spherical model yielded the best fit to the spatial distribution of the disease, as it presented the best coefficient of determination (R²), with the range varying between 14m and 45m. The Spatial Dependence Index (SDI) was moderate in the evaluations carried out between 2014 and 2017 (in the 0.26-0.64 range), but not in 2018, when it was strong (0.23). The values of the clustering intensity of LCCA-symptomatic plants were estimated in non-sampled points. The spherical fit model of the data indicates an aggregated distribution pattern, shown by aggregation patches in the plantation, graded by values of dissemination intensity. The kriging maps allowed the observation that the disease expands between plants in the same line, suggesting the possibility of the presence of a short-range vector.
Vigor and alpha-amylase activity in common bean seeds under salt stress conditions
Authors:   Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Padilha Matheus Santin , Coelho Cileide Maria Medeiros ,   Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Ehrhardt-Brocardo Natalia Carolina Moraes ,   Centro de Educação Santa Teresinha
Published: October 2021

Seeds with high vigor have greater capacity for hydrolysis and mobilization of stored reserves, which results in the formation of vigorous seedlings, and this behavior is observed under abiotic stress conditions. This study proposes to investigate the relationship of the enzyme alpha-amylase in lots of common-bean seeds with contrasting vigor, when subjected to the absence and presence of salt stress, aiming to identify the relationship of this enzyme with the vigor of the seed lot under these conditions. Seven common-bean cultivars were used. Physiological quality was determined by germination, vigor index and seedling length. The mobilization of reserves was evaluated under absence and presence of salt stress simulated with a NaCl solution with a concentration of 50 mmol L-1. The analyzed variables regarding reserve mobilization were reserve reduction, reserve reduction rate, seedling dry weight, reserve mobilization rate, starch, starch reduction rate and alpha-amylase activity. Results showed that the stress condition negatively affected all the evaluated variables; however, the cultivars classified as having greater vigor showed better physiological performance under stress. Salt stress in common-bean seeds affects seedling performance and reduces alpha-amylase activity during germination, and high-vigor seed lots exhibited higher enzyme activity in the no-stress condition.
Multivariate analysis to characterize flaxseed production environments in Brazil
Authors:   Universidade Federal Grande Dourados, Carducci Carla Eloize , Bosco Leosane Cristina ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Schoeninger Vanderleia ,   Universidade Federal Grande Dourados, Higashikawa Fábio Satoshi ,   Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária e Extensão Rural de Santa Catarina, Ferreira Rafael Costa ,   Universidade Federal Grande Dourados, Xavier Joyce Castro ,   Universidade Federal Grande Dourados
Published: October 2021

The environments for flaxseed production and its soil-plant-atmosphere relationship, it is essential for distinguish and adapt them to the soil and crop management to obtain high sustainable yields and food diversification. Our goal was to characterize the main edaphoclimatic conditions for flaxseed production in South-Central, Brazil. The experiments were carried out in two locations representative of the edaphoclimatic conditions of South-Central, Brazil: 1 - Dourados, MS, with an Aw climate and LATOSSOLO VERMELHO Distroférrico (Haplustox) and 2 - Curitibanos, SC, with a Cfb climate and CAMBISSOLO HÚMICO (Haplumbrept), both cultivated with four flaxseed varieties: Aguará and Caburé from Argentina, UFSC (reddish-brown color) and Golden (golden-yellow color) from Brazil, grown under no-tillage system and few resources. Data from weather (air temperature and rainfall), plant growth, soil chemical and physical-hydric attributes, and post-harvest quality of flaxseed were monitored. The data were submitted to Pearson’s correlation matrix (P < 0.05) and multivariate principal component analysis (PCA). PCA segregated edaphoclimatic environments and varieties into four distinct groups. Each edaphoclimatic condition there was specific attributes discriminated by PCA ( > 78%). The lowest plant height ( < 0.85m), shorter cycle length (120-142 days) and high yield (≈1.13 Mg ha-1), especially golden-yellow flaxseed, were found in Dourados. The soil organic carbon and rainfall acted directly in Curitibanos, while charge balance and air temperature responded in Dourados influence flaxseed production. Soil physical and grain attributes were similar between the environments investigated. Both agricultural environments showed feasibility for flaxseed sustainable production in Brazil, it is important to emphasize that these results are pioneers, especially the edaphoclimatic conditions from Dourados.
Intercurrence between bovine leukosis virus infection and mastitis in dairy cattle
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Lavras, Ambrósio Natália Amaral , Hirsch Christian ,   Universidade Federal de Lavras, Rocha Christiane Maria Barcellos Magalhães ,   Universidade Federal de Lavras, Bruhn Fábio Raphael Pascoti ,   Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Lima Marcos Túlio Barcelos ,   Universidade Federal de Lavras, Custódio Dircéia Aparecida da Costa ,   Universidade Federal de Lavras, Silva Juliana Rosa ,   Universidade Federal de Lavras, Tadini Camila Prado Lenzi ,   Universidade Federal de Lavras, Costa Geraldo Marcio ,   Universidade Federal de Lavras
Published: October 2021

There are several factors affecting global milk production leading to severe economic losses. Mastitis and leukosis are highly prevalent diseases especially in Brazilian cattle herds. The present study aimed to evaluate the correlation between mastitis and the bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection in naturally infected cows belonging to dairy herds in Minas Gerais State. Additionally, the prevalence of both diseases, pathogens causing mastitis, and their association with BLV infection and persistent lymphocytosis were evaluated. The prevalence of BLV was determined using the agar gel immunodiffusion test (AGID) in 1,392 lactating cows from ten dairy herds. From the AGID results, 240 cows were selected and divided into two experimental groups: A case group composed of 160 BLV-positive cows (BLV-P) and the control group of 80 BLV-negative cows (BLV-N). Based on serological and leucocytic evaluations, the animals were classified into three subgroups: BLV-N, BLV-P without persistent lymphocytosis (BLV-PWPL), and BLV-positive with persistent lymphocytosis (BLV-PPL). The California Mastitis Test (CMT) was performed on days 0 (D0) and 60 (D60) in the subgroups and the milk from CMT-positive glands were analyzed. BLV infection was present in 100% of herds, with an overall prevalence of 80.9% in cows older than 24 months. Among BLV-P animals, 74% were classified as BLV-PWPL and 26% as BLV-PPL. Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (73.30%),Corynebacterium spp. (12.04%), Streptococcus agalactiae (8.90%), and Staphylococcus aureus (5.76%) were predominant (61.41%). There were no statistical differences among the scores of clinical or subclinical mastitis with the pathogen type (contagious or environmental) in the BLV-PWPL or BLV-PPL subgroups. However, BLV-P animals showed higher CMT scores than BLV-N animals, suggesting a higher redisposition to subclinical mastitis in cows affected by leukosis.
Hacer la verdad: el “yo” de la confesión en Kierkegaard, Foucault y Derrida.
Authors: Llevadot Laura
Published: October 2021

In Technologies of the Self (“Christianity and Confession”, 1980) Foucault places confession within the discursive practices which are used towards the control, constitution and mastery of the Self in disciplinary societies. According to his argument, in such societies confession cannot act as much more than a subtle but very precise form of interiorizing power through generating knowledge about oneself. On the contrary, in this article I will try to articulate a definition of confession as an act of transformation and opening of the Self to otherness, carrying out a comparative examination of some fundamental reasons behind Kierkegaard’s “Occasional Discourse”, On the Occasion of a Confession, and Jacques Derrida’s confessional text, Circumfession.
Sending Away Foreign Wives in Ezra 9–10: With a Brief Reflection from a Minority Tribal Perspective
Authors: Phaipi Chingboi Guite
Published: October 2021

AbstractEzra 9–10, commonly known as “intermarriage crisis” or “forced divorce of foreign wives,” has attracted a wide variety of interpretations of the dismissal of foreign wives. Some of the proposed rationales include political, social, economic, and ethnic purity. Such rationales, while having their own merits, are not evidenced in the text. This article offers a literary reexamination of what the text portrays about the protagonist group’s motivation to take such stringent action. The protagonist’s strong self-perception is the main factor behind their negative perception of the antagonist “others” and thus its stringent resolution to deal with foreign wives. I also briefly reflect on what a minority Christian tribal today could do with such a strong biblical narrative.
Identification of Escherichia coli strains in the vaginal cultures of healthy women and their patterns of antibiotic resistance.
Authors: Villegas Jorge Angel Almeida , Reyes Harold Mondragon , Sánchez Mariana Aguilar , Cruz Rosas Maria Fernanda , Sanchez Monroy Regina , Zamudio Jesus Emmanuel Bernal , Palacios Rodriguez Ana Paula
Published: October 2021

Background: Bacterial vaginosis is the most common cause of vaginitis in women of childbearing age, and
it predominantly affects young sexually active women. Escherichia coli is one of the most common bacteria
found in the genital tract of non-pregnant (9–28%) and pregnant women (24–31%). E. coli strains can colonize
the vaginal and endocervical regions in pregnant women, and may lead to the development of urinary
tract, intra-amniotic or puerperal infections.
Aim of the study: Isolation and identification of the antibiotic resistance patterns of extended spectrum
beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing and non-producing E. coli in the vaginal cultures of healthy women.
Material and methods: Vaginal samples were taken from 55 healthy women. For the bacterial identification
and resistance patterns, automated equipment from Beckman Coulter was used. Phenotypic techniques were
used to confirm the presence or absence of ESBL.
Results: Fifty-five cultures developed E. coli, with the rest of the strains corresponding to different bacteria.
Of the 55 E. coli cultures, 35 (63.63%) were ESBL-producing and 20 (36.36%) did not produce ESBL. There
was an 80% resistance to penicillin, and a 76.4% and 65.5% resistance to the first and fourth generation
cephalosporins, respectively. A 45.5% resistance was observed for the fluoroquinolones, 52.7% for trimethoprim/
sulfamethoxazole, and 100% sensitivity to carbapenemics and amikacin.
Conclusions: A large presence of vaginal ESBL-producing E. coli was observed in healthy women, which increases
the risk of therapeutic failure due to high levels of antibiotic resistance.
THE ATTRACTIVENESS OF A SIMPLE JOINT-STOCK COMPANY COMPARED TO OTHER CAPITAL COMPANIES IN POLAND
Authors: Łojek Paweł
Published: October 2021

The aim of the article is to present a new form of business activity which is P.S.A. (Prosta Spółka Akcyjna). The provisions of the Commercial Companies Code, provisions of the balance sheet and tax law as well as the author’s professional experience were used for the analysis. Research results: A simple joint-stock company may be a competitive form of running a business in relation to a limited liability company. The discussed provisions constitute a great opportunity for a simple joint-stock company and a likely high percentage of establishing this type of business activity. The SWOT analysis was used as the research method.
Contribution to the development of the discipline: review of the current legal regulations in Poland, comparison of forms of business activity and analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of a simple joint-stock company.
DECISION-MAKING ASPECTS OF THE HOSPITAL NEW COST ACCOUNT
Authors: Chluska Jolanta
Published: October 2021

Healthcare entities improve their company accounting principles, adjusting them to the applicable legal acts and management’s information requirements. Information from cost accounting is used in reporting and decision-making processes of entities and other stakeholders. In 2021, entities contracting financing of health services with the National Health Fund – the payer – are required to implement new cost accounting principles. The purpose of the article is to identify the decision-making aspects of new cost accounting regulations in medical entities – hospitals – in the context of the dominant groups of operating cost. Based on the literature on the subject and the analysis of the practice of functioning of the existing legal regulations of hospital cost accounting, the following research hypothesis was formulated: the decision- making dimension of the standard of costs in service providers is focused on important areas of costs of health services and procedures valuation. The research tools used were the analysis of the literature on the subject, legal acts, and financial statements of 10 selected hospitals.
Ensinando configurações do smartphone e aplicações sociais para o público 60+ por meio de aulas semanais e intervenções remotas
Authors: Rodrigues Kamila Rios da Hora , Zaine Isabela , Orlandi Brunela Della Maggiori , Pimentel Maria da Graça Campos
Published: October 2021

Este trabalho investiga os fatores que permitem ao idoso utilizar recursos tecnológicos para melhorar a sua qualidade de vida e envelhecimento, bem como apresenta os desafios associados a esse processo. O objetivo é escrever os princípios e a metodologia de um programa educacional digital de educação para idosos desenvolvido em colaboração interdisciplinar e suportado por um sistema e um aplicativo móvel para monitorar remotamente e promover a generalização da aprendizagem. Antes da participação no curso foi identificada uma frequência de uso do smartphone em suas funções básicas, porém, baixo senso de autoeficácia ou competência em usá-lo. O aplicativo móvel, chamado de "ajudante digital", foi utilizado como recurso didático e considerado um recurso válido por 76% dos participantes, uma vez que ele estimulou ou aumentou o envolvimento dos alunos com tarefas práticas enviadas para casa de modo remoto. Ao fim do estudo foi possível observar o interesse da população idosa presente nas aulas de letramento em utilizar dispositivos móveis e os aplicativos de comunicação e lazer oferecidos por ele. O uso de uma metodologia inovadora, que agrega um ajudante digital, facilitou o ensino e o aprendizado dos alunos, sobretudo no aprendizado de redes sociais (Facebook e WhatsApp). As aulas demonstraram a relevância de programas de alfabetização digital para idosos. Estudos futuros serão conduzidos para estabelecer comparações entre métodos específicos - como o aqui descrito, e métodos tradicionais para o letramento digital de idosos.
Die gerichtliche Kontrolle der Kompetenzordnung der Europäischen Union im Lichte aktueller Entwicklungen
Authors: Gernert Marcel
Published: October 2021

Der Europäischen Union wurden in den Verträgen für eine effektive Erreichung ihrer Ziele Kompetenzen übertragen. Ihr Vorgehen steht dabei jedoch stets in einem Spannungsfeld mit den Zuständigkeiten der Mitgliedstaaten, die bedacht sind, ihre eigenen Kompetenzen nicht zu weit einzuschränken bzw. an die EU abzugeben. Der Abgrenzung der Kompetenzen der Europäischen Union von denjenigen ihrer Mitgliedstaaten kommt für eine erfolgreiche europäische Integration daher eine wesentliche Bedeutung zu. Für die konsequente Einhaltung dieser Kompetenzordnung ist eine wirksame gerichtliche Kontrolle essentiell, die in dem vorliegenden Beitrag schwerpunktmäßig betrachtet wird. Dabei wird auf den EuGH ebenso eingegangen wie auf die ultra-vires-Kontrolle des BVerfG und sein neuestes PSPP-Urteil, das das Kompetenzgefüge der EU aufs Neue in seinen Grundsätzen in Frage stellt.
Die kognitive Legitimität aus Kundensicht im Kontext neuer Unternehmen
Authors: Lohrmann Miriam
Published: October 2021

Customer cognitive legitimacy is an important factor in a new business venture’s survival. Based on an extensive literature review of customer cognitive legitimacy, this book examines the consistent conceptualisation of the concept and its dimensional structure. This consistent conceptualisation facilitates the development of the reliable and valid three-dimensional customer cognitive legitimacy scale in 10 studies. The scale is based on potential customers’ interest in acquiring knowledge about a product and the company responsible for it, their perception of the company’s and the product’s future, and their perception of how competent the company’s managers are.
Enlightenment and Education, Then and Now
Authors: O'Connor Adrian ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

Ideas about education and its power to transform people’s intellectual, social, political, and personal lives were central to Enlightenment thought. They were also central to the Enlightenment belief that new ways of thinking engendered new ways of living (and vice versa). Taken together, these points placed education at the heart of early modern debates over the constitution of society, the organization and administration of the polity, the nature and purpose of civil society, and the relations that govern everyday life. To understand this view of education and the Enlightenment debates to which it gave rise, this essay highlights the role of skepticism and uncertainty in Enlightenment thought, the philosophes’ interest in education as an instrument of moral and social improvement, and their commitment to the idea that both individual and collective progress stemmed from critical forms of social intercourse. As a result, we see that the Enlightenment’s educational legacy is not a particular platform or pedagogy, but an ongoing experiment in how the critical and collective pursuit of useful knowledge might reform or remake human society.
Biología e Inteligencia Humana en Xavier Zubiri
Authors: Rodero Sergio ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

El problema “biología e inteligencia”, considerado filosóficamente, forma parte de un problema más amplio, que provisionalmente podría denominarse “organismo y psiquismo” y debería ser tratado desde très puntos de vista distintos, mas estrechamente entrelazados: el de las acciones, el de la habitud-actividad y el de las estructuras. El terreno de los actos es el más aparente y se refiere a todo el enorme campo de las acciones del hombre - no distinguimos aquí entre actos y acciones- , que tejen la vida del ser humano; el terreno de las habitudes, y con él el de la actividad, es más profundo y alude al modo esencial de habérselas el ser humano consigo mismo y con lo que le circunda en las acciones que realiza; finalmente, el terre no de las estructuras es todavia más profundo - tan sólo en el sentido de más radical- y alude a aquellas realidades, de la índole que sean, por las que el hombre posee modos específicos de habérselas con las cosas y puede realizar determinadas acciones. En este trabajo nos vamos a ceñir lo más posible al problema “biologia e inteligencia” y al solar de las acciones y de las habitudes, dejando para otra ocasión el problema de las estructuras, que nos conduciría al planteamiento más englobante de “psique y organismo”. Por la unidad de los tres niveles y por la unidad de lo que es el ser humano y de lo que es su actividad, en ocasiones tocaremos aspectos que desbordan la “ inteligencia” y que desbordan también el nivel de las acciones y de la habitud.
Consciência e Alteridade em l'Être et le Néant, de Jean-Paul Sartre
Authors: Castanheira Nuno P. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

This paper intends to give a critical reading of Jean-Paul Sartre’s treatment of inter-consciousness relationship as presented in his work L'être et le néant, namely in the chapter L'existence d'autrui. Our main objective is to understand the treatment Sartre gave the referred issue in that particular work, but also to show that his theoretical standpoint falls short on a true determination of the meaning of the experience of Otherness for consciousness. Our method for approaching Sartre’s views stands on a detailed reading of the author’s own analyses, trying to show their limited scope and providing a different, less conflictual treatment and interpretation for the presented data. In Sartre’s view, consciousness (the Pour-soi, as he calls it, i.e., non-positional consciousness) is not inhabited by an ego, that is, it doesn’t have an ego until one becomes an object to it, similar to the remaining objects of the world, which occurs with the Other’s entry in the world. That being, Sartre’s fundamental problem is to know how is it possible for consciousness to constitute an ego as an object - as an object among other objects, but whose experience is, for consciousness, different from the one it makes of all other objects - , and, on a second step, to state its identity with that ego, i.e., to be that ego, without loosing, in the process, its subjective spontaneity and freedom. Taken as a subject/object kind of relation, as Sartre affirms it, the inter-consciousness relationship is condemned to failure, doomed to be a permanent struggle for domination of one over an other. Our analysis of the sartrian data as put forward in L'Être et le néant will show that Sartre’s thesis about inter-consciousness relationship is one-sided and that a more comprehensive interpretation of the above-mentioned relationship is possible, an interpretation based in the view that envisaging the Other as an object is founded on an anticipation of its subjectivity and of consciousness’ own subjectivity, that is, on a founding intersubjective relationship. According to our viewpoint, if it is true that an ego can be an object, it is already as a degraded ego and not as the ego properly said, born out of a relationship between subjects. The experience of Othemess shows consciousness, originally and immediately, what it can and should be, and that being has a positivity that remains an other for a concrete, knowable ego. That founding experience, which takes place at an affective level, has the meaning of an experience of the limits which, when surpassed, will allow consciousness to reach a higher dignity of being. Therefore it is as anticipation and project, as desire, as afectivity, that the relationship to an other takes place, as a pure relationality without masks, and not as a dialectical conflict, as Sartre intends to show with his occasionally convincing arguments.
Reminiscências do De Libero Arbítrio de Santo Agostinho no De Veritate de Santo Anselmo
Authors: Oliveira e Silva Paula ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

As part of the results of my post doctoral research program, this paper compares some doctrines on the Augustinian concepts of free will and truth, developed on De libero arbitrio, and those on the same notions, exposed by Anselm of Canterbury, on the Three Treatises on Holy Scripture - De verdate, De libertate arbitrii and De casu Diaboli. Looking for the theoretical foundations of Anselm’s definition of veritas as rectitudo, we’ve found some connections between the postulates of Anselm’s notion of veritas and those analysed by Augustine for the same notion. Three points of convergence between both authors are pointed out in this paper: 1. the foundation of the concept of things being truth in a Principle of Being, which is rational, eternal and per se subsistent. 2. the idea of being-as-duty (an ontological duty), which is grounded on the fact that things received being and truth from that Principle. 3. the idea that all beings may accomplish themselves carrying out their specific end. Doing that, their truth will be achieved as rectitudo. As rational beings can recognize their own end, they perform it using their free will. When this particular kind of beings chooses their own end according to what is their essential truth, truth becomes not only rectitudo but justice. Two important principles that both, Anselm and Augustine, defend, are underlined as two main conclusions of this paper: the crucial convergence between being and duty, and the principle that human judgment is basically axiological, because it is supported by the difference between reason and truth.
Para uma Estética da Criação. Deduções Bonaventurianas da Teoria do Verbo em Anselmo
Authors: Afonso Filipa ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

In the distinction 27 of the Commentaries on the four books of Sentences of Master Peter Lombard, in that question where the proper meaning of the concept “Word” is discussed and clarified, Bonaventure invokes the authority of the anselmian thought, as it is exposed upon the several pages of the Monologion, for the conclusion of the problem and the solution of the dissensions. Taking, therefore, such text as the starting point of our incursion on the philosophy of the monk of Le Bec, our aim is to reflect on the mediating character of the Word in the creational act, and on the way in which it becomes the interpretational key of the philosophical question of the one and the multiple. It is this relation between the one and the multiple, in which the mystery of creation is enclosed, that, in its turn, will find Strong aesthetical resonances, within the philosophy of the Seraphic Doctor founded on a certain conception of beauty, of Augustinian matrix, that defines it as “aequalitas nunierosa”, i.e., as unity of the multiplicity.
O Laicismo Político na Monarquia de Dante
Authors: Calafate Pedro ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

Situamos Dante no contexto das polémicas medievais sobre a relação entre os poderes temporal e espiritual, em clara defesa das prerrogativas e da autonomia do poder temporal contra os partidários da teocracia. Neste contexto cumpre, por um lado, sublinhar a concepção da sociedade e da politica como tendo por fim a actualização da potencia especifica do homem, ou seja, da faculdade ou virtude da intelecção, colocando, deste modo o poder numa base gnosiológica. Por outro lado, situando a questão da origem do poder fora das teses tradicionais da escolástica, Dante considera e defende a tese da origem divina imediata do poder, procurando, por essa via, sublinhar a sua autonomia perante as pretensões do Pontífice romano. É neste quadro que se entrega à análise criteriosa do «oficio das chaves» de São Pedro, limitando a sua extensão aos assuntos do foro espiritual, por devermos a Pedro tudo o que é de Pedro e por nao devermos a Pedro tudo o que é de Cristo.
Modelling and analysis of an urban road traffic noise pollution: Case study of an interrupted flow traffic noise at a signalized intersection
Authors: Esmael Forouhid , Falah Zadeh , Mahmoudi Jafar
Published: October 2021

This research aimed at modeling interrupted flow traffic noise at a signalized intersection. In this study, a new approach has been used with SPSS and Arc GIS with urban road traffic noise. The measured parameters of noise include noise equivalent level, volume of light vehicles, heavy vehicles and time mean speed. The results showed that the Spearman correlation coefficient between the interface and the level of the noise at morning, evening and total time were 0.241, 0.35 and 0.45. The spearman correlation coefficient between the interface of the buildings and the intersection of all types of vehicles passing through the morning, evening and total time equal to 0.534, 0.328 and 0.409. The results showed that noise level can be predicted through the speed variables of the vehicles, the volume of vehicles passing heavy and the use of land use of buildings. According to the results and the noise maps for the modeling noise of the estimated coefficients from the equation, it can be found that in building highway in urban, closer look on internationally acting Green Building Labels and noise protection is seen as an important part of the social sustainability aspects of a building.
Synthesis, characterization, and application of ZnO/ZSM-5 as catalyst in the cracking process of palm methyl esters
Authors: Haryani Nina , Taslim T , Irvan I , Manurung Renita , Tambun Rondang
Published: October 2021

Biofuels as environmentally friendly alternative fuels such as biogasoline, biokerosene and others are generally obtained through a cracking process and take place more effectively to attend a catalyst. In this study, the synthesis of ZnO/ZSM-5 aims to obtain a catalyst that can be used in the cracking process of Palm Methyl Esters (PME) into hydrocarbon fuels especially biogasoline. This catalyst is environmentally friendly, easy to separate, has good selectivity, and can increase the conversion of cracking products. The wet impregnation method followed by drying and calcination is the method used to synthesize the catalyst. Furthermore, several analyzes were carried out to determine the characteristics of the catalyst. The analysis is the Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption-desorption with BET-BJH, Temperature Programmed Desorption-NH3 (TPD-NH3) and the Temperature Programmed Reduction (TPR). Based on synthesis results obtained ZnO/ ZSM-5 catalyst with ZnO content of 11.77 wt%, 13.61 wt% and 18.22 wt%. The use of this catalyst in the cracking process can result in the conversion of liquid fuel by 88.57%, heavy hydrocarbon (8.57%) and gas product (2.86%).
The Transformation to an Online Course in Higher Education Results in Better Student Academic Performance
Authors: Freire Teresa , Rodríguez Carolina
Published: October 2021

Pandemic-forced remote teaching has highlighted the relevance of redesigning planification in order to transform face-to-face into online courses in higher education. Indeed, the type of e-learning activities, e-assessment and development of student-centred active learning tasks remains a challenge. In this work we investigated the academic performance of an online learning environment in a course with high number of enrolled students carried out in the pandemic context in 2020 and compared it to the 2019 face-to-face version of the course. The e-learning version of the course included some changes regarding the face-to-face to allow active student learning, digital learning environment, knowledge enforcement, and further exploitation of the available activities in the Moodle platform as for the face-to-face course, although the syllabus remained unchanged. This study finds both synchronous and asynchronous problem-solving based e-learning together with self-assessment and team-based continuous and individual questionnaire assessments to be valuable instructional methods that allowed higher student academic performance in comparison to the face-to-face academic student results. Furthermore, the academic performance was directly related to the student participation in both team-based and individual activities during the course, demonstrating that the adaptation of the face-to-face course to the e-learning environment was, at least, as efficient as the traditional course, despite student resistance to e-learning and e-assessment.
Who are they to say? Experiences and legal recognition of victimhood of enforced disappearance in Colombia and El Salvador
Authors: Favre Pamel , Rauschenbach Mina Caren , Jimenez Alejandro , Coralli Ana Srovin , Webster Bronwen , Ott Lisa
Published: October 2021

Enforced disappearance (ED) not only affects the persons who are deprived of their liberty, but also their next of kin who do not know what happened to their loved one. Their suffering of not knowing has been coined as “ambiguous loss” within psycho-social scholarship and is regarded in law as a form of inhumane treatment which violates the prohibition of torture. ED is attached to a complex experience of victimhood in victims they struggle for social and political recognition of the injustices they suffered. Using the social science notions of “victimhood” and “recognition” on one hand, and the legal perspectives on the other hand, we address the knowledge gap remaining regarding the interactions of the two viewpoints on the issue of ED. For this paper, we carried out a multidisciplinary analysis of the iterative relationship between both perspectives looking at the historical development of the legal landscape and interviewing victims and search actors in the cases of Colombia and El Salvador. We aim to understand the meanings of recognition and victimhood for victims in Colombia and El Salvador against the backdrop of the legal frameworks and state responses they are subjected to. This analysis offers us also valuable insight into victims’ agency and the meanings they afford to victimhood, as well as how political and social constructions of victimhood may facilitate or hinder victims’ struggles for truth and justice.
We need to teach human rights in medical schools
Authors: Weishut Daniel , Aitchison Lucy , Steiner-Birmanns Bettina
Published: October 2021

There are protocols of the questioning of a young military physician in the Israeli Defense Forces, who performed a vaginal examination on a Palestinian woman under arrest, against the latter’s expressed will and without a medical indication. In support of the WMA guidelines on including human rights courses in medical schools, we call on medical schools to integrate a human rights perspective and introduce sufficient material on human rights, prisoners’ rights and medical ethics to help physicians like her make the right decisions in challenging situations such as the one described.
Identification of multi-exon deletion in the COL7A1 gene underlying dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa by whole-exome sequencing
Authors: Taghizadeh Mahdieh , Mansoori Derakhshan Sima , Shekari Khaniani Mahmoud
Published: October 2021

Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB) is a rare form of genodermatosis characterized by skin blisters, milia, scarring over the entire body, and nail dystrophy. In this study, a pedigree with one affected member with skin blisters, and a clinical diagnosis of epidermolysis bullosa who was a result of a non-consanguineous marriage, was investigated by whole-exome sequencing (WES). This survey revealed that the proband is a compound heterozygote for a previously reported heterozygous missense variant (c.6205C>T) and a heterozygous deletion of exons 13–24 in the COL7A1 gene. This study indicates that the use of WES along with copy number variation (CNV) analysis gives a higher diagnostic yield for such patients. Moreover, considering the autosomal recessive and dominant forms of the disease, both caused by variants in one gene, proper interpretation and classification of novel variants in heterozygous as well as homozygous states is always a major challenge.
Advanced ulcerative tumefactive lesions of the mucocutaneous surface in previously unrecognized Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
Authors: Elgaitibi Fatima Azzahra , Hamich Soumaya , Mahiou Noureddine
Published: October 2021

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is an uncommon systemic disease characterized by the infiltration of one organ or more by Langerhans cells. Its clinical presentation is heterogeneous and depends on the affected organs. We report the rare case of a 43-year-old female presenting herself with central diabetes insipidus and receiving nasal desmopressin spray. Later, the patient developed multiple papules and pustules progressing to multiple ulcers affecting the retroauricular and axillary folds, as well as the oral and genital mucosas. The skin lesions had been evolving for several months. A histopathological examination of a skin biopsy confirmed the clinical suspicion of LCH.
Zinc-responsive acral hyperkeratosis as a mimicker of cutaneous tuberculosis
Authors: Paudel Vikash , Mittal Setu , Tripathi Richa
Published: October 2021

Zinc-responsive acral hyperkeratosis is regarded as a novel entity masquerading numerous skin disorders, such as psoriasis, acral necrolytic erythema, and tuberculosis. Tuberculosis itself is a great imitator and so is its cutaneous form. Herein, we present the case of a female misdiagnosed as a case of tuberculosis verrucosa cutis due to clinical, biochemical, and histopathological features. The patient completed a full course of anti-tubercular therapy without an improvement and showed a dramatic response after a therapeutic trial of oral zinc. Thus, the patient was diagnosed as a case of zinc-responsive acral hyperkeratosis. In any form of acral hyperkeratotic lesions, zinc-responsive acral hyperkeratosis must be considered as a differential diagnosis.
Properties and parameters for effective laser hair removal: A review
Authors: Gonçalves Sara
Published: October 2021

Because some people seek consultations for the removal of unwanted body hair, a permanent, safe, and non-invasive method of hair removal is needed. Laser hair removal has been a popular cosmetic procedure. It is a monthly treatment that may take up to ten sessions for permanent results. However, its efficacy varies due to the patient’s biological skin hair traits, the adjustment of the optimal parameters of the laser, and the protocols. The purpose of this review is to discuss the properties and parameters employed for laser hair removal. Once parameters for laser hair removal have been optimized, this treatment offers an effective and permanent solution for unwanted body hair.
Herpes zoster following mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccination
Authors: Drohan Alex , Kolansky Glenn , Kolansky Zachary
Published: October 2021

Sir, Skin rashes have been associated with COVID-19 and studies suggest the inclusion of skin diseases in the list of COVID-19 symptoms. Skin eruptions are also associated with the mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine. Findings by Baden et al. [1] describe immediate injection-site reactions observed in 84.2% of participants after the first dose, with delayed onset reactions—on or after day eight—occurring much more infrequently, 0.8% after the first dose and 0.2% after the second dose. Blumenthal et al. [2] discuss twelve cases of delayed vaccine reactions, with all patients experiencing reactions in the vaccination site. Herein, we describe two cases of herpes zoster within days of receiving their first mRNA-1273 vaccine. Both cases presented to the same dermatology clinic. A 77-year-old male presented with a bumpy, itchy, red rash on the upper right arm and axilla three days following an mRNA-1273 vaccine injection. The symptoms continued to worsen and the patient was clinically diagnosed with herpes zoster and treated with valacyclovir (Fig. 1). Another patient, also a 77-year-old male, complained of a rash located on the right upper arm and axilla. It was a red, itchy, bumpy rash that the patient developed two days after an mRNA-1273 vaccine injection (Fig. 2). Both rashes demonstrated a similar distribution pattern and both patients responded well to valacyclovir with the resolution of the erythema; however, one patient did have residual post-herpetic neuralgia.
Isolated café-au-lait macules: Think of neurofibromatosis type V
Authors: Mrabat Samia , Baybay Hanane , Douhi Zakia
Published: October 2021

Sir, Segmental neurofibromatosis (SNF) is a rare form of neurofibromatosis (NF) with a reported prevalence of 0.0014%–0.002%. It is included in Riccardi’s classification as type V NF [1]. It is characterized by café-au-lait macules and/or neurofibromas distributed in only one dermatome, less commonly in two or more dermatomes [2]. Roth et al. reclassified SNF into four subtypes: true SNF, localized SNF with deep involvement, hereditary SNF, and bilateral SNF. A limited number of cases of SNF have been reported with systemic involvement, such as visceral neurofibromas, skeletal abnormalities, and renal agenesis [1]. Laser therapy may be performed if an aesthetic demand arises. Herein, we report a case of SNF in a young boy with no systemic disease. An eleven-year-old male was sent by his pediatrician for skin spots that appeared at the age of four. The young patient came from a non-consanguineous marriage and had no family history of skin disease. A general physical examination revealed normal parameters, such as weight, size, intelligence, speech, auditory function, and visual acuity. A dermatological examination found unilateral café-au-lait macules with a ranging size of 1 to 5 mm in the right half of the trunk with no crossing of the midline (Figs. 1a and 1b). We thoroughly examined the boy and found no other features of neurofibromatosis, including neurofibromas, neurological deficits, or bone abnormalities. We assured the patient and his parents that this was a benign disease, so the risk of developing any disease-related complications was low. Annual monitoring was started. No therapy was proposed because the patient expressed no aesthetic demands.
Treatment of notalgia paresthetica with low dose pregabalin: Retrospective evaluation of 13 patients
Authors: Şener Sertaç , Kilinç Fadime , Akbaş Ayşe
Published: October 2021

Background: Notalgia paresthetica (NP) is a sensory neuropathic syndrome characterized by chronic itching of the unilateral mid-back. Topical and systemic symptomatic treatments have been used to date. In recent years, neuropathic pain medicine has been used to relieve the symptoms of the disease. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of pregabalin in notalgia paresthetica. Materials and Methods: In this study, the files of the patients with a diagnosis of NP and treated with pregabalin for at least one month in the period between 2016 and 2018 were evaluated retrospectively. Results: Thirteen cases of NP treated with low-dose (up to 150 mg/day) pregabalin were evaluated, and 9 (70%) patients exhibited a good response in this retrospective study. All patients were female and the mean age was 53.5 (31–71) ± 10.3 years. The mean disease duration was 6.1 (1–10) ± 4.1 years. Conclusion: Treatment with low-dose pregabalin may be a good option for the symptomatic treatment of NP.