bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Caracterização energética de pellets in natura e torrificados produzidos com madeira residual de Pinus
Authors: Protásio Thiago De Paula , Trugilho Paulo Fernando , De Siqueira Humberto Fauller , De Melo Isabel Cristina Nogueira Alves , Andrade Carlos Rogério , Guimarães Junior José Benedito
Published: January 2016

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar pellets torrificados e in natura,produzidos a partir da madeira residual de Pinus, destinados ao uso bioenergético. A compactação da madeira residual de Pinus sp. oriunda de serraria foi realizada em uma peletizadora com matriz plana de 8 mm. As torrefações foram realizadas em forno elétrico, tipo mufla, estabilizado em temperaturas finais de 220 °C e 250 °C por 30 min. Foram determinadas as seguintes propriedades nos pellets: densidades aparente e energética unitárias, densidades a granel e energética do granel, composição química imediata (materiais voláteis, cinzas e carbono fixo), poder calorífico superior e umidade. Observou-se aumento do poder calorífico superior e redução do teor de umidade nos pellets torrificados, contudo, o ganho em valor calórico foi inferior à perda de massa dos pellets após a torrefação, reduzindo assim a densidade energética dos pellets. Os pellets in natura apresentam potencial de comercialização em países europeus, como Alemanha, Áustria e Suécia. A metodologia utilizada para torrefação não é indicada para o tratamento térmico de pellets. Porém, recomendam-se novas pesquisas sobre torrefação de pellets em uma faixa mais ampla de temperatura e tempo de residência, visando determinar parâmetros que otimizem as propriedade energéticas.
Avaliação genética do enraizamento de miniestacas de uma procedência de Eucalyptus cloeziana
Authors: Oliveira Leandro Silva , Dias Poliana Coqueiro , Almeida Marcílio De
Published: January 2016

A clonagem de genótipos superiores apresenta-se como alternativa para aumentar a produtividade florestal, pois permite capturar os ganhos genéticos aditivos e não aditivos advindos do melhoramento florestal. A seleção precoce baseada em características relacionadas ao enraizamento adventício associada às avaliações de produtividade e qualidade poderá ser importante para os programas de melhoramento genético de espécies recalcitrantes, como Eucalyptus cloeziana F. Muell. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi realizar a avaliação genética de indivíduos de E. cloeziana baseada no enraizamento adventício. O controle genético do enraizamento adventício de 52 matrizes de E. cloeziana foi analisado pela estimativa de componentes de variância e predição de valores genéticos. Utilizou-se o procedimento REML/BLUP (estimação de componentes de variância – Reml e de predição de valores genéticos – Blup). Os resultados demonstraram alto controle genético para o enraizamento adventício (acurácia > 0,85). Os materiais genéticos apresentaram altos coeficientes de variação genotípica (65,8% para enraizamento). A estimativa da correlação genética revelou associação negativa (-0,299) entre enraizamento de miniestacas e presença de calos em miniestacas. As diferenças observadas entre os materiais genéticos de E. cloeziana permitiram seu agrupamento em dois grupos. Os resultados obtidos indicam a possibilidade do uso do enraizamento adventício como critério auxiliar de seleção nos programas de melhoramento de E. cloeziana.
Second Trimester Anomaly Scan using 3D/4D Ultrasound
Authors: Raga Francisco , Caballero Oscar , Bonilla Francisco , Eduardo Machado Luiz , Bonilla-Musoles Fernando , Cadete Clodoaldo
Published: January 2016

The use of three-dimensional/four-dimensional (3D/4D) ultrasound has become ‘universal’ in the increasingly precise diagnosis of fetal malformations. The introduction of new ultrasound modes, such as the HDlive or the Radiance System Architecture (RSA), which improve even more the quality of images, makes it easier to examine normal embryos and fetuses with incredible perfection and achieve diagnosis of malformations, increasingly complex and of high clinical importance.

How to cite this article

Bonilla-Musoles F, Bonilla F Jr, Raga F, Caballero O, Cadete C, Machado LE. Second Trimester Anomaly Scan using 3D/4D Ultrasound. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2015;9(4):372-381.
Placental Volume Measurement in Clinical Practice
Authors: Hasegawa Junichi , Arakaki Tatsuya , Nakamura Masamitsu , Takita Hiroko , Sekizawa Akihiko
Published: January 2016

Measurement of the placental volume during pregnancy can occasionally predict adverse outcomes, including ischemic and restricted conditions in the fetus and placenta later in pregnancy. Three-dimensional (3D) sonographic evaluation of the placental volume during the first trimester is a simple and rapid procedure that is commonly applied, but its use during the second trimester seems to be limited. The placental volume can be obtained within 5 minutes as part of daily clinical practice. Combining screening with the placental volume and other markers can increase the rate of detection of fetal and placental anomalies. In this article, we review the prediction of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes later in pregnancy using 3D sonographic measurement of the placental volume.

How to cite this article

Hasegawa J, Arakaki T, Nakamura M, Takita H, Sekizawa A. Placental Volume Measurement in Clinical Practice. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2015;9(4):408-412.
¡Abre los ojos! Un proyecto de mejora educativa para la prevención de drogas en adolescentes
Authors: Azorín Abellán Cecilia Mª
Published: January 2016

La Educación para la Salud (EpS) es un tema transversal del currículo que adolece de propuestas didácticas novedosas para la intervención pedagógica. El objetivo del trabajo que se presenta es poner en marcha un plan de mejora para la prevención de drogadicciones en adolescentes. Para ello, se ha trabajado con un total de 142 estudiantes de 3º de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO) con edades comprendidas entre los 14 y los 16 años que cursan estudios en el Instituto “Francisco Salzillo” de la localidad de Alcantarilla (Murcia). Concretamente, este artículo da luz al Proyecto ¡Abre los ojos!, que forma parte del Plan de Acción Tutorial (PAT) y del Plan de Mejora para la Prevención de Drogas (PMPD) propuesto desde el Departamento de Orientación. Se exponen ad hoc las actividades implementadas durante las 3 sesiones trabajadas con cada uno de los 6 grupos-clase escolarizados en este nivel. Haciendo uso de la reflexión-acción, el alumnado ha desarrollado una conciencia crítica acerca de los riesgos que entraña para la salud el consumo de drogas. Asimismo, mediante la técnica de grupos de discusión los discentes han realizado un interesante debate cuyas ideas han sido organizadas en torno a tres aspectos clave: causas por las que se empieza a consumir, cómo evitar caer en las drogas, y alternativas de ocio y tiempo libre para una vida saludable. Finalmente, se especifica la necesidad de abordar tareas de prevención en los centros educativos así como de facilitar información y de resolver las inquietudes de los jóvenes acerca de esta temática.
El uso de la musicoterapia para la mejora de la comunicación de niños con Trastorno del Espectro Autista en Aulas Abiertas Especializadas
Authors: Talavera Jara Paloma Del Rocío , Gértrudix Barrio Felipe
Published: January 2016

Los beneficios que aporta la musicoterapia en alumnos con Trastorno del Espectro Autista, han sido demostrados profusamente por los distintos autores, si bien carecemos de literatura suficiente sobre su utilización en las Aulas Abiertas Especializadas en colegios ordinarios (Aulas TEA). En este sentido, el objetivo del trabajo, ha consistido en analizar qué mejoras aporta la musicoterapia al desarrollo de la comunicación en los alumnos con Trastorno del Espectro Autista dentro de las Aulas Abiertas de los CEIPs de Castilla-La Mancha y la Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid. Para ello, se ha realizado una amplia revisión documental de fuentes de referencia y se ha entrevistado a los docentes responsables de las Aulas Abiertas Especializadas que utilizan actividades de musicoterapia como recurso en el aula. Se concluye el artículo manifestando, en primer lugar, la escasa integración de la musicoterapia en las aulas TEA (menos del 20% de los centros). En aquellas aulas que sí se programa con actividades de musicoterapia, los beneficios que ésta aporta se ven reflejados en un incremento claro de la intención comunicativa en los alumnos. Además, a la hora de planificar las actividades se tiene muy en cuenta conocer las preferencias y la historia musical del niño. No obstante, existen factores que impiden el aprovechamiento total de las posibilidades terapéuticas de la musicoterapia debido, especialmente a: a) una escasa formación del profesorado y b) un espacio inadecuado para poner en práctica una sesión de musicoterapia.
Estudiantes con discapacidad en una universidad chilena: desafíos de la inclusión
Authors: Villafañe Hormazábal Gabriela Paulina , Corrales Huenul Angélica Aurora , Soto Hernández Valentina Javiera
Published: January 2016

El propósito de este artículo es dar cuenta de una investigación acerca de las condiciones de inclusión para los estudiantes con discapacidad en una universidad chilena. La investigación tiene un diseño cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal. Para la recolección de datos se elaboró una encuesta que fue aplicada a 38 estudiantes con discapacidad. Los principales resultados revelan un alto nivel de retención de los estudiantes, quienes presentan una percepción positiva de su inclusión en la vida universitaria, así como una alta satisfacción con la mayoría de los servicios. Se destaca que siete de cada diez encuestados reconocen haber recibido algún tipo de atención educativa  para realizar sus estudios. Sin embargo, existe una falta de articulación entre las iniciativas de la Universidad para favorecer el acceso y permanencia de personas con discapacidad; a esto se agrega la carencia de protocolos y de instancias de capacitación para profesores y administrativos. Se propone que la institución establezca un sistema de gestión que defina objetivos, estrategias y acciones para contribuir a la inclusión de personas con discapacidad.
Santidade, militarização e institucionalização textual de São Jorge nos territórios da Coroa de Aragão
Authors: Vianna Luciano J.
Published: January 2016

Nossa intenção neste artigo é recuperar a presença de São Jorge na Coroa de Aragão, principalmente nos relatos literários em que o mesmo foi representado durante o medievo. Para isso, abordamos as perspectivas da memória cultural destacadas por Jan Assmann. Inicialmente contextualizamos brevemente a história do personagem, destacando os principais momentos em que foi representado e quais autores fizeram referência à sua existência, apresentando as realizações dos condes-reis da Coroa de Aragão e principalmente o longo processo em que este personagem foi acrescentado à memória coletiva deste território. Também apresentamos a oposição existente entre Santiago Matamoros e São Jorge, que serviu para consolidar a presença deste nas terras da coroa aragonesa. Por fim, analisamos sua institucionalização textual produzida nos territórios da Coroa de Aragão e os principais temas aos quais fora associado. Com isso, pretendemos esboçar a presença do santo nos âmbitos culturais da religiosidade, da guerra e como parte da história institucional da Coroa de Aragão.
O filme e o arquivo: contexto e concepção do documentário “Sobral no plural”
Authors: Freitas Nilson Almino de , Oliveira Paulo Passos de
Published: January 2016

O presente artigo discute o conceito de estética do documentário “Sobral no Plural”, apresentado no II Visualidades em novembro de 2010 - evento organizado pela Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú (UVA) como forma de incentivo à produção de vídeos e exposições que articulem imagem e pesquisa. O que se pretende é, a partir de uma atividade prática já realizada pelos proponentes desse artigo, discutir a concepção de documentário e a falsa oposição entre real e imaginação que orienta algumas percepções sobre esse tipo de imagem técnica. Pretende-se também discutir como devem ser usados os documentos de um arquivo audiovisual; proposta do Laboratório das Memórias e das Práticas Cotidianas - Labome/UVA. Palavras-chave: Documentário, imagem técnica, documento
Caixa de Pandora: imagem, espaço e tradução em redes de colaboração
Authors: Baraúna Danilo Nazareno Azevedo , Maneschy Orlando Franco
Published: January 2016

Buscamos identificar os mecanismos de expansão da fotografia e do vídeo em suas relações com o conteúdo literário nos trabalhos produzidos pioneiramente pelo grupo Caixa de Pandora no estado do Pará, Brasil. Constatamos a presença do que chamamos de Redes de Colaboração, interconectadas a partir dos seguintes Nós de Interação: 1) o processo de tradução do conteúdo literário, 2) a fotografia expandida, e 3) a espacialização da imagem.Palavras-chave: processos de tradução, espacialização, redes de colaboração
A imagem do corpo na tragédia antiga: uma visualidade verbal
Authors: De Carli Elisana
Published: January 2016

Neste estudo duas tragédias de Sófocles e duas de Sêneca são analisadas com o objetivo de identificar a visualidade dada ao corpo através da palavra, a imagem construída para o corpo da personagem, seus níveis de sentido e reverberação no texto e na cena.  Essas informações podem ser caracterizadas como rubrica interna, pois são dados que corroboram na construção do espetáculo. Assim, estrutura e conteúdo se engendram potencializando a significação do corpo em cena quer pela sua presença quer por uma visualidade verbal, figurando uma ocupação semântica, a qual se configura como uma das marcas do teatro antigo.Palavras-chave:corpo, palavra, teatro
A arte como refúgio poético ante a vertigem do tempo 24/7
Authors: Kosminsky Doris
Published: January 2016

A modernização, trazida pelos trens, pela eletricidade e também pelos novos meios de comunicação como o telégrafo, o rádio e o cinema, contribuiu para a aceleração do tempo e sua contrapartida no espaço, a contração. Embora a ideia de um tempo subjetivo e descontínuo (Kairós) já estivesse presente no pensamento grego (onde o tempo quantitativo era chamado Cronos), foi apenas a partir da modernidade, na segunda metade do século XIX, que escritores e pensadores como Proust e Bergson começaram a refletir sobre outras percepções de tempo. Com o avanço da modernidade, o tempo instaurou-se como tema de discussão na vida e na arte. (...)
Sigur Rós e o projeto “Valtari Mystery Film Experiment”: por uma reflexão enunciativa em videoclipes musicais
Authors: Saddi Liene Nunes
Published: January 2016

O presente artigo busca propor um espaço enunciativo para a análise de videoclipes musicais enquanto objetos da cultura visual incorporados ao universo da arte contemporânea, através do estudo de caso do projeto “Valtari Mystery Film Experiment” (2012), do grupo musical islandês Sigur Rós. Para isto, promove aproximações entre os campos da comunicação e os domínios teóricos das artes visuais, traçando pontos de observação que partem da subjetividade dos músicos e diretores envolvidos até chegarem a questões de reorganização da circulação de obras na contemporaneidade.Palavras-chave: Videoclipes, regime contemporâneo, cultura visual
El tráfico de influencias en la Propuesta de Armonización de la Legislación Penal en la Lucha contra el Crimen Organizado en Centroamérica. Algunas consideraciones técnicas y político-criminales
Authors: Vázquez-Portomeñe Seijas Fernando
Published: January 2016

El principal objetivo de este trabajo es el de exponer, analizar y comparar las modalidades de tráfico de influencias contempladas en la Propuesta de Armonización de la Legislación Penal en la Lucha contra el Crimen Organizado en Centroamérica y en los principales instrumentos internacionales anti-corrupción (la Convención de Derecho penal del Consejo de Europa sobre la Corrupción, la Convención de las Naciones Unidas contra la Corrupción y la Convención de la Unión Africana sobre la Prevención y la Lucha contra la Corrupción), con vistas a obtener una imagen global del delito. Tras examinar sus aspectos clave, se formulan algunas propuestas y recomendaciones que pueden ser de utilidad a la hora de implementarlo en los países del SICA que todavía no se han decidido a criminalizarlo, o de modificar, en su caso, su disciplina legal en aquellos que sí lo han hecho. El trabajo se apoya, tanto en la información contenida en la propia propuesta y en los instrumentos anteriormente citados, como en las conclusiones alcanzadas por la literatura especializada.
Crónica legislativa: Nicaragua, de febrero a junio de 2015
Authors: Abboud Castillo Neylia Lidiadel
Published: January 2016

Período: De febrero a junio de 2015Nicaragua
Appalachian Cities at the Beginning of the Twenty-First Century
Authors: Russo Richard A.
Published: January 2016

This paper investigates the socio-demographic trends of Appalachia’s twenty-five most populous cities over the decade 2000 to 2010. Using indicators such as population and household changes, educational attainment, poverty, income, and economic sector employment, this paper examines whether Appalachian cities are participating in recent trends in America’s cities and urban life. Results show that Appalachian cities do not form a coherent subset of urban America with shared socio-demographic narratives and experiences. Instead, they display strong intra-regional divergence in several measures. This analysis contextualizes these demographic trends in Appalachia’s cities within current urban economic development strategies and discourse.
BackPacked Architecture: The Appalachian Trail and Its "Primitive Huts"
Authors: Miller D. Jason
Published: January 2016

An architectural study of the "primitive huts" found along the Appalachian Trail offers an opportunity for insight into a bygone era in which social works projects—such as New Deal programs that formed the Civilian Conservation Corps—and the need for modest backcountry shelters helped construct the world’s most popular recreational footpath through the heart of Appalachia. Since its initial completion in 1937, the Appalachian Trail has been extensively relocated, rebuilt, and reallocated from private to publicly owned land. Anchoring this 2,100+-mile footpath is a network of approximately 250 trail shelters. These little bits of architecture represent an enduring conceptual, communal, and constructive by-product of a social experiment in regional development envisioned by Benton MacKaye, implemented by Myron Avery, and endlessly maintained by volunteers, hiking clubs, and the Appalachian Trail Conservancy. Yet precious little attention has been devoted to cataloging the role these shelters have performed for the trail community historically, experientially, or socially. The changing cultural landscape of Appalachia, coupled with challenges posed by encroaching development and extensive overuse, suggest urgently the need to establish an architectural record in order to sustain both the purpose and the meaning of the Appalachian Trail’s primitive huts.
Ureteroscopy with conscious sedation for distal ureteric calculi: 10-year experience
Authors: Kroczak Tadeusz J. , Kaler Kamaljot Singh , Patel Premal , Al-Essawi Turki
Published: January 2016

Introduction: Distal ureteroscopy for stone extraction is a common procedure that is generally performed with spinal or general anesthesia. We retrospectively reviewed all distal ureteroscopy performed for ureteric stone extraction with conscious sedation at our institution over a 10-year period to determine its efficacy and safety.Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed of all distal ureteroscopy performed for calculus removal from 2004 to 2014. Patient characteristics, analgesic requirement, tolerability, procedure time, stone size and composition, method of stone extraction, success rate, and complications were collected.Results: Between 2004 and 2014, 314 procedures were performed. Mean age was 53.74 years, with 160 males and 154 females. A success rate of 97% and 10 (3.2%) complications were reported. Mean analgesic requirement was 189 μg of fentanyl (range: 50‒400) and 2.79 mg of midazolam (range: 0‒8). A total of 263 patients (83.7%) tolerated the procedure well, with only seven (2.2%) having poor tolerability. When comparing females to males, females were found to require less fentanyl (p=0.0001) and midazolam (p=0.0001). When calculi >5 mm were compared to those <5 mm, there was no statistically significant difference in success rate, procedure time, analgesic requirement, tolerability, or complications.Conclusion: Distal ureteroscopy with conscious sedation is safe and efficacious. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating stones >5 mm can be safely and effectively treated with conscious sedation during this procedure. The context of our findings must be understood within the limitations of our retrospective analysis.
Instilling Service Learning to Undergraduate Business Students: A Case Study Approach to Understanding Business-Related Concepts with the Use of Kiva
Authors: Grotrian-Ryan Sheri , Ryan Kyle , Jackson Alan
Published: January 2016

Higher education continues to place an emphasis on service-learning, specifically within business and management sciences (Kenworthy-U’Ren & Peterson, 2005). A local academic business organization at a small institution chose to embark on a service-learning endeavor. The purpose of this study was for business majors, active in Phi Beta Lambda (PBL), and their advisors/professors to further investigate microlending and other business-related concepts through the use of service learning. Service was provided to the campus community, area high school Future Business Leaders of America (FBLA) students, and to the borrowers of their Kiva loans. The research, qualitative in nature, employed case study methodology. Themes emerged in academic, personal, and civic dimensions as a result of analysis of student responses to guided questionnaires.
Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors in von Neumann and Related Growth Models: An Overview and Some Remarks
Authors: Giorgio Giorgi
Published: January 2016

We take into consideration various relationships existing between
eigenvalues and eigenvectors of suitable matrices or matrix pairs and the equilibrium solutions of the classical von Neumann growth model and of other related economic models.
The Boundary Value Problem with Haseman-shift for k-regular Functions on Unbounded Domains in Clifford Analysis
Authors: Zhang Yan
Published: January 2016

In this paper, we introduce the boundary value problem with Haseman shift for $k$-regular function on unbounded domains, and give the unique solution for this problem by integral equation
method and fixed-point theorem.
Undermining Patient Values: The ASCO Value in Cancer Care Task Force Framework
Authors: Pitts Peter J. , Goldberg Robert
Published: January 2016

As stated in a recent article in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, ASCO established a Value in Cancer Care Task Force, with the goal of “developing a framework for comparing the relative clinical benefit, toxicity, and cost of treatment in the medical oncology setting. “  In developing this framework or tool, the Task Force runs roughshod over basic facts to create a metric that – while established to promote patient centered care – strives mightily to achieve the exact opposite outcome.
Gerry Wheaton. The Role of Jewish Feasts in John’s Gospel
Authors: Devillers Luc
Published: January 2016

No abstract is available.
Suppressing the formation of GeOx by doping Sn into Ge to modulate the Schottky barrier height of metal/n-Ge contact
Authors: Huang Zhiwei , Li Cheng , Lin Guangyang , Lai Shumei , Wang Chen , Huang Wei , Wang Jianyuan , Chen Songyan
Published: January 2016

Tin (Sn) was introduced into Ge for the preparation of a thin GeSnO
x
by thermal oxidation, which could strongly modulate the Schottky barrier height of metal/n-Ge contacts. A small amount of Sn doping in Ge could effectively suppress the formation of GeO
x
during oxidation, alleviating the Fermi-level pinning effect in Ge. This resulted in the strong correlation between the Schottky barrier heights of metal/GeSnO
x
/n-Ge contacts and metal work functions. The ohmic Al/n-Ge contacts and the extremely low leakage current density of the HfO2/Ge structure achieved by the simple thermal oxidation of a Sn-doped Ge surface suggested the potential of this method in the fabrication of Ge-based devices.
Impact of GeO2 passivation layer quality on band alignment at GeO2/Ge interface studied by internal photoemission spectroscopy
Authors: Zhang Wenfeng , Nishimura Tomonori , Toriumi Akira
Published: January 2016

We report on the GeO2 quality dependence of the band alignment at the GeO2/Ge interface studied by internal photoemission spectroscopy. Two kinds of Au/GeO2/Ge capacitor with similar GeO2/Ge interfaces but distinct GeO2 bulk properties were compared. The conduction band offset at the GeO2/Ge interface was revealed to be insensitive to GeO2 bulk properties, while a high density of states (DOS) near the conduction band edge of GeO2 was found to depend on GeO2 quality. Such DOS elimination led to leakage current suppression and electron mobility enhancement in Ge n-channel MOSFETs with improved GeO2 quality.
Real-space observation of magnetic vortex core gyration in a magnetic disc both with and without a pair tag
Authors: Yamaguchi Akinobu , Hata Hiroshi , Goto Minori , Kodama Motoi , Kasatani Yuichi , Sekiguchi Koji , Nozaki Yukio , Ohkochi Takuo , Kotsugi Masato , Kinoshita Toyohiko
Published: January 2016

We demonstrate the time-resolved real-space observation of vortex gyration in a magnetic circular disc by X-ray magnetic circular dichroism photoemission microscopy at the SPring-8 beamline BL25SU, both with and without an additional structure called a pair tag, which serves to control the magnetic curling direction. By comparing the gyration orbits of the vortices, we found that the gyration properties are dependent on the presence of the additional structure in spite of the discs having the same diameter. Furthermore, we reproduced the vortex gyration by micromagnetic simulation. The confinement potential of the vortex can be controlled by the additional structure.
Research collaboration and topic trends in Computer Science based on top active authors
Authors: Wu Yan , Venkatramanan Srinivasan , Chiu Dah Ming
Published: January 2016

Academic publication metadata can be used to analyze the collaboration, productivity and hot topic trends of a research community. In this paper, we study a specific group of authors, namely the top active authors. They are defined as the top 1% authors with uninterrupted and continuous presence in scientific publications over a time window. We take the top active authors in the Computer Science (CS) community over different time windows in the past 50 years, and use them to analyze collaboration, productivity and topic trends. We show that (a) the top active authors are representative of the overall population; (b) the community is increasingly moving in the direction of Team Research, with increased level and degree of collaboration; and (c) the research topics are increasingly inter-related. By focusing on the top active authors, it helps visualize these trends better. Besides, the observations from top active authors also shed light on design of better evaluation framework and resource management for policy makers in academia.
Basal resistance for three of the largest Greenland outlet glaciers
Authors: Shapero Daniel R. , Joughin Ian R. , Poinar Kristin , Morlighem Mathieu , Gillet‐Chaulet Fabien
Published: January 2016

Resistance at the ice‐bed interface provides a strong control on the response of ice streams and outlet glaciers to external forcing, yet it is not observable by remote sensing. We used inverse methods constrained by satellite observations to infer the basal resistance to flow underneath three of the Greenland Ice Sheet's largest outlet glaciers. In regions of fast ice flow and high (>250 kPa) driving stresses, ice is often assumed to flow over a strong bed. We found, however, that the beds of these three glaciers provide almost no resistance under the fast‐flowing trunk. Instead, resistance to flow is provided by the lateral margins and stronger beds underlying slower‐moving ice upstream. Additionally, we found isolated patches of high basal resistivity within the predominantly weak beds. Because these small‐scale (<1 ice thickness) features may be artifacts of overfitting our solution to measurement errors, we tested their robustness to different degrees of regularization.
Extraordinarily Sensitive and Low‐Voltage Operational Cloth‐Based Electronic Skin for Wearable Sensing and Multifunctional Integration Uses: A Tactile‐Induced Insulating‐to‐Conducting Transition
Authors: Lai Ying‐Chih , Ye Bo‐Wei , Lu Chun‐Fu , Chen Chien‐Tung , Jao Meng‐Huan , Su Wei‐Fang , Hung Wen‐Yi , Lin Tai‐Yuan , Chen Yang‐Fang
Published: January 2016

Electronic skin sensing devices are an emerging technology and have substantial demand in vast practical fields including wearable sensing, robotics, and user‐interactive interfaces. In order to imitate or even outperform the capabilities of natural skin, the keen exploration of materials, device structures, and new functions is desired. However, the very high resistance and the inadequate current switching and sensitivity of reported electronic skins hinder to further develop and explore the promising uses of the emerging sensing devices. Here, a novel resistive cloth‐based skin‐like sensor device is reported that possesses unprecedented features including ultrahigh current‐switching behavior of ≈107 and giant high sensitivity of 1.04 × 104–6.57 × 106 kPa−1 in a low‐pressure region of <3 kPa. Notably, both superior features can be achieved by a very low working voltage of 0.1 V. Taking these remarkable traits, the device not only exhibits excellent sensing abilities to various mechanical forces, meeting various applications required for skin‐like sensors, but also demonstrates a unique competence to facile integration with other functional devices for various purposes with ultrasensitive capabilities. Therefore, the new methodologies presented here enable to greatly enlarge and advance the development of versatile electronic skin applications.
Maternal effects on offspring stress physiology in wild chimpanzees
Authors: Murray Carson M. , Stanton Margaret A. , Wellens Kaitlin R. , Santymire Rachel M. , Heintz Matthew R. , Lonsdorf Elizabeth V.
Published: January 2016

Early life experiences are known to influence hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal (HPA) axis development, which can impact health outcomes through the individual's ability to mount appropriate physiological reactions to stressors. In primates, these early experiences are most often mediated through the mother and can include the physiological environment experienced during gestation. Here, we investigate stress physiology of dependent offspring in wild chimpanzees for the first time and examine whether differences in maternal stress physiology are related to differences in offspring stress physiology. Specifically, we explore the relationship between maternal rank and maternal fecal glucocorticoid metabolite (FGM) concentration during pregnancy and early lactation (first 6 months post‐partum) and examine whether differences based on maternal rank are associated with dependent offspring FGM concentrations. We found that low‐ranking females exhibited significantly higher FGM concentrations during pregnancy than during the first 6 months of lactation. Furthermore, during pregnancy, low‐ranking females experienced significantly higher FGM concentrations than high‐ranking females. As for dependent offspring, we found that male offspring of low‐ranking mothers experienced stronger decreases in FGM concentrations as they aged compared to males with high‐ranking mothers or their dependent female counterparts. Together, these results suggest that maternal rank and FGM concentrations experienced during gestation are related to offspring stress physiology and that this relationship is particularly pronounced in males compared to females. Importantly, this study provides the first evidence for maternal effects on the development of offspring HPA function in wild chimpanzees, which likely relates to subsequent health and fitness outcomes. Am. J. Primatol. 80:e22525, 2018. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Spectroscopy of rotating linear dilaton black holes from boxed quasinormal modes
Authors: Sakalli I. , Tokgoz G.
Published: January 2016

Numerical studies of the coupled Einstein‐Klein‐Gordon system have recently revealed that confined scalar fields generically collapse to form caged black holes. In the light of this finding, we analytically study the characteristic resonance spectra of the confined scalar fields in rotating linear dilaton black hole geometry. Confining mirrors (cage) are assumed to be placed in the near‐horizon region of a caged rotating linear dilaton black hole(is the radius of the cage andr2represents the event horizon). The radial part of the Klein‐Gordon equation is written as a Schrödinger‐like wave equation, which reduces to a Bessel differential equation around the event horizon. Using analytical tools and proper boundary conditions, we obtain the boxed‐quasinormal mode frequencies of the caged rotating linear dilaton black hole. Finally, we employ Maggiore's method, which evaluates the transition frequency in the adiabatic invariant quantity from the highly damped quasinormal modes, in order to investigate the entropy/area spectra of the rotating linear dilaton black hole.
Is there a role of pulsed electromagnetic fields in management of patellofemoral pain syndrome? Randomized controlled study at one year follow‐up
Authors: Servodio Iammarrone Clemente , Cadossi Matteo , Sambri Andrea , Grosso Eugenio , Corrado Bruno , Servodio Iammarrone Fernanda
Published: January 2016

Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is a common cause of recurrent or chronic knee pain in young adults, generally located in the retropatellar region. Etiology is controversial and includes several factors, such as anatomical defects, muscular imbalance, or joint overuse. Good results have been reported with exercise therapy, including home exercise program (HEP). Joint inflammation with increase of pro‐inflammatory cytokines levels in the synovial fluid might be seen especially when chondromalacia becomes evident. Biophysical stimulation with pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) has shown anti‐inflammatory effects and anabolic chondrocyte activity. The purpose of this randomized controlled study was to evaluate if the combination of HEP with PEMFs was more effective than HEP alone in PFPS treatment. Thirty‐one PFPS patients were enrolled in this study. All patients were instructed to train with HEP. Patients in the PEMFs group associated HEP with PEMFs. Function and pain were assessed with Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment score (VISA), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and Feller's Patella Score at baseline at 2, 6, and 12 months of follow‐up. Drug assumption was also recorded. Increase in VISA score was significantly higher in PEMFs group compared to controls at 6 and 12 months, as well as the increase in the Feller's Patella Score at 12 months. VAS score became significantly lower in the PEMFs group with respect to control group since 6 month follow‐up. Pain reduction obtained with PEMFs enhanced practicing therapeutic exercises leading to a better recovery process; this is extremely important in addressing the expectations of young patients, who wish to return to sporting activities. Bioelectromagnetics. 37:81–88, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Controlling amyloid fibril formation by partial stirring
Authors: Bäcklund Fredrik G. , Pallbo Jon , Solin Niclas
Published: January 2016

Many proteins undergoe self‐assembly into fibrillar structures known as amyloid fibrils. During the self‐assembly process, related structures known as spherulites can be formed. Herein we report a facile method where the balance between amyloid fibrils and spherulites can be controlled by stirring of the reaction mixture during the initial stages of the self‐assembly process. Moreover, we report how this methodology can be used to prepare non‐covalently functionalized amyloid fibrils. By stirring the reaction mixture continuously or for a limited time during the lag phase, the fibril length, and hence the propensity to form liquid crystalline phases, can be influenced. This phenomena is utilized in order to prepare films consisting of aligned protein fibrils incorporating the laser dye Nile red. The resulting films display polarized Nile red fluorescence. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 105: 249–259, 2016.
Electrostatic theory of the assembly of PAMAM dendrimers and DNA
Authors: Perico Angelo
Published: January 2016

The electrostatic interactions mediated by counterions between a cationic PAMAM dendrimer, modelized as a sphere of radius and cationic surface charge highly increasing with generation, and a DNA, modelized as an anionic elastic line, are analytically calculated in the framework of condensation theory. Under these interactions the DNA is wrapped around the sphere. For excess phosphates relative to dendrimer primary amines, the free energy of the DNA‐dendrimer complex displays an absolute minimum when the complex is weakly negatively overcharged. This overcharging opposes gene delivery. For a highly positive dendrimer and a DNA fixed by experimental conditions to a number of phosphates less than the number of dendrimer primary amines, excess amine charges, the dendrimer may at the same time bind stably DNA and interact with negative cell membranes to activate cell transfection in fair agreement with molecular simulations and experiments. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 105: 276–286, 2016.
Vagal Intramuscular Arrays: The Specialized Mechanoreceptor Arbors That Innervate the Smooth Muscle Layers of the Stomach Examined in the Rat
Authors: Powley Terry L. , Hudson Cherie N. , McAdams Jennifer L. , Baronowsky Elizabeth A. , Phillips Robert J.
Published: January 2016

The fundamental roles that the stomach plays in ingestion and digestion notwithstanding, little morphological information is available on vagal intramuscular arrays (IMAs), the afferents that innervate gastric smooth muscle. To characterize IMAs better, rats were given injections of dextran biotin in the nodose ganglia, and, after tracer transport, stomach whole mounts were collected. Specimens were processed for avidin–biotin permanent labeling, and subsets of the whole mounts were immunohistochemically processed for c‐Kit or stained with cuprolinic blue. IMAs (n = 184) were digitized for morphometry and mapping. Throughout the gastric muscle wall, IMAs possessed common phenotypic features. Each IMA was generated by a parent neurite arborizing extensively, forming an array of multiple (mean = 212) branches averaging 193 µm in length. These branches paralleled, and coursed in apposition with, bundles of muscle fibers and interstitial cells of Cajal. Individual arrays averaged 4.3 mm in length and innervated volumes of muscle sheet, presumptive receptive fields, averaging 0.1 mm3. Evaluated by region and by muscle sheet, IMAs displayed architectural adaptations to the different loci. A subset (32%) of circular muscle IMAs issued specialized polymorphic collaterals to myenteric ganglia, and a subset (41%) of antral longitudinal muscle IMAs formed specialized net endings associated with the serosal boundary. IMAs were concentrated in regional patterns that correlated with the unique biomechanical adaptations of the stomach, specifically proximal stomach reservoir functions and antral emptying operations. Overall, the structural adaptations and distributions of the IMAs were consonant with the hypothesized stretch receptor roles of the afferents. J. Comp. Neurol. 524:713–737, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cross‐clouds services autonomic management approach based on self‐organizing multi‐agent technology
Authors: Hou Fu , Mao Xinjun
Published: January 2016

With the rapid development and application of cloud computing, there exist plenty of clouds that are distributed on the open Internet, decentralized in the management, evolving with various services providing diverse functionalities and QoS. Moreover, because of the potential correlativity of cloud services and the dynamic of tenants' requirements, these services in multiple clouds are expected to be effectively managed in an autonomic and transparent way so that tenants can obtain continuous and efficient services. To this end, this paper proposes an approach based on self‐organizing multi‐agent system to achieving cross‐clouds services management, including the service provision at the tenant‐end and services aggregation at the cloud‐end. In this approach, the clouds services are managed by a series of autonomous agents that are capable of autonomously accessing managed services. They can interact with each other to obtain macro‐level services aggregation in terms of self‐organization to adapt to the changes of both tenants' requirements and cloud services. The paper details the architecture, mechanisms, and algorithms to implement the aggregation and provision of services in cross‐clouds. We also develop relevant cross‐clouds services management platform called as CCloudMan, with which several experiments based on the public data sets have been conducted and the experimental results show the efficiency and usability of our proposed approach. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of smoking marihuana and of a high‐nicotine cigarette on angina pectoris
Authors: Aronow Wilbert S. , Cassidy John
Published: January 2016

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of smoking marihuana and of high‐nicotine cigarettes on exercise‐induced angina pectoris. Smoking 1 marihuana cigarette increased the resting product of systolic blood pressure times heart rate 54%, increased the venous carboxyhemoglobin level, and decreased the exercise time until angina 50% in 10 patients with angina pectoris. Smoking 1 high‐nicotine cigarette increased the resting product of systolic blood pressure times heart rate 36%, increased the venous carboxyhemoglobin level, and decreased the exercise time until angina 23%. Smoking either marihuana or high‐nicotine cigarettes decreases exercise performance until angina by increasing myocardial oxygen demand and by decreasing myocardial oxygen delivery. Smoking 1 marihuana cigarette decreased the exercise time until angina more than smoking 1 high‐nicotine cigarette (p < 0.001).
Interaction of ephedrine and theophylline
Authors: Weinberger Miles , Bronsky Edwin , Bensch George W. , Bock Gerald N. , Yecies Jerold J.
Published: January 2016

The effectiveness and safety of individualized theophylline doses administered as such and in combinations with ephedrine and hydroxyzine was investigated in 23 children with chronic asthma who received these medications and a placebo for 1 week each, double‐blind and in randomized sequence. Theophylline, determined by prior clinical titration in each patient, averaged 7.3 mg/kg per dose administered every 6 hr, with peak serum theophylline concentrations averaging about 16 μg/ml. Asthmatic symptoms were controlled with theophylline. Ephedrine, alone or in combination, was relatively ineffectual in these patients. None of the drugs given alone was associated with significant adverse effects but both ephedrine‐theophylline combinations (with and without hydroxyzine) were associated with insomnia, nervousness, and gastrointestinal complaints. Since the combinations were not significantly more effective than theophylline alone, the apparent toxicity of these combinations suggests a contraindication for the routine use of ephedrine with theophylline in the management of chronic asthma.
Controlled trial of propranolol in intermittent claudication
Authors: Reichert Nira , Shibolet Shlomo , Adar Raphael , Gafni Joseph
Published: January 2016

Seven patients (5 with arteriosclerosis obliterans and 2 with Buerger's disease) completed a two‐phase double‐blind crossover trial of propranolol in intermittent claudication. Performance was measured on a moving treadmill. In the initial phase, the patients were hospitalized in order to determine an “effective” dose of propranolol. Improvement was noted in all: after 1,600 mg in 5 and after 240 mg and 600 mg in the others. The controlled phase was carried out on an outpatient basis over 8 weeks, the patients receiving propranolol and placebo in a random manner, each for two 2‐week periods. Comparison of matched periods of drug and placebo revealed no advantage for propranolol. Patients’ performances deteriorated with time. None of the patients evidenced deterioration of occlusive peripheral arterial disease that could be attributed to propranolol, in spite of the high doses used.
EurJOC Coming of Age
Authors: Ross Haymo
Published: January 2016

Editor‐in‐chief Haymo Ross presents the most important changes for EurJOC in 2016, highlighting the new layout and the online‐only format.
Experimental Study on Cu/Oil Nanofluids through Concentric Annular Tube: A Correlation
Authors: Jafarimoghaddam Amin , Aberoumand Sadegh , Aberoumand Hossein , Javaherdeh Kourosh
Published: January 2016

This study deals with an empirical investigation on the convective heat transfer of Cu/oil nanofluid flow inside a concentric annular tube with constant heat flux boundary condition and suggests a correlation to predict the Nusselt number. The average size of particles was 20 nm and the applied nanofluid was prepared by Electrical Explosion of Wire technique with no nanoparticle agglomeration during nanofluid preparation process and experiments. The nanofluid flowing between the tubes is heated by an electrical heating coil wrapped around it. The effects of different parameters such as the flow Reynolds number, tube diameter ratio, and nanofluid particle concentration on heat transfer coefficient are studied. Using the acquired experimental data, a correlation is developed for the estimation of the Nusselt number of nanofluid flow inside the annular tube. This correlation has been presented by using the exponential regression analysis and least‐squares method. The correlation is valid for Cu/base oil nanofluid flow with weight concentrations of 0.12, 0.36, and 0.72 in the hydrodynamically full‐developed laminar flow regime with Re <140, which is applicable in mini‐ and microchannel heat exchangers, and it is in good agreement with the experimental data.
A Complete Experimental Investigation on The Rheological Behavior of Silver Oil Based Nanofluid
Authors: Aberoumand Sadegh , Jafarimoghaddam Amin , Aberoumand Hossein , Javaherdeh Kourosh
Published: January 2016

In this study, thermo‐physical properties including thermal conductivity, viscosity, density and specific heat capacity of an oil based nanofluid including silver as to be nanoparticles have been experimentally studied. The results indicate an enhancement in thermal conductivity which was depended on bulk temperature and volume fraction of utilized nanofluids. Viscosity data show a significant increment through volume fraction increasing. In addition, the specific heat capacity and density of nanofluids were studied experimentally and it was found that, all measured rheological properties of these nanofluids, were not in agreement to published correlations.