bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN KEIKUTSERTAAN IBU HAMIL DALAM MENGIKUTI KELAS IBU HAMIL DENGAN PERSIAPAN MENGHADAPI PERSALINAN DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS KARANGANOM KLATEN
Authors: Wahyuningsih Astri , Dynamurti Wintoro Piscolia
Published: November 2023

The MMR ratio in developing countries reaches 450 mothers per 100,000 live births. The government implements a class program for pregnant women to reduce maternal mortality. In 2011, only 2,508 classes of pregnant women were formed throughout the archipelago. The condition of the class of pregnant women at this time, there has been no significant increase in this number, and the majority of the existing classes of pregnant women have not been able to run well, many obstacles are faced, both from pregnant women themselves. This can affect the readiness of the mother to face childbirth. This study aims to determine the relationship between the participation of pregnant women in attending classes for pregnant women with preparation for childbirth in the working area of ​​Puskesmas Karanganom Klaten.

This research method is observational with cross sectional approach design. The number of research samples was 35 respondents. Sampling was using purposive sampling technique. The instrument used was a questionnaire. The data were analyzed using the chi square test. The results showed that the participation of pregnant women in participating in the class program for pregnant women was mostly passed as many as 71.4% of respondents, some were ready to face labor as many as 62.9% of respondents and p value 0.011 (p <0.05).

The conclusion of this study is that there is a relationship between the participation of pregnant women in attending classes for pregnant women with preparation for childbirth in the working area of ​​Puskesmas Karanganom Klaten. Suggestions for mothers to take part in the implementation of classes for pregnant women which are held in the village regularly.
PENGGUNAAN INTERMITTENT CATETHER (IC) PASIEN SPINAL CORD INJURY (SCI) POST STABILISASI
Authors: Suryandari Dewi , Setia Adi Galih
Published: November 2023

Latar belakang : Pasien Spinal Cord Injury( SCI) akan mengalami berbagaikonsekuensi yang berkaitan dengan cedera, termasuk hilangnya fungsi motorik,perubahan hormonal, perubahan sirkulasi darah, gangguan kandung kemih.Manajemen kandung kemih sangat penting untuk meningkatkan yang kualitashidup pada pasien dengan SCI. Salah satu manajemen kandung kemih adalahintermittent catheter (IC).Tujuan: penelitian ini untuk mengetahui penggunaan IC pada pasien SCI poststabilisasi.Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatanfenomenologi. Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien dengan SCI di RSOProf. Dr. R Soeharso Surakarta yang dilakukan wawancara setelah diajarkanmenggunakan IC di ruang rawat inap.Hasil : Hasil penelitian di dapatkan 6 tema yakni 1) Gangguan persyarafan yangdialami pasien setelah mengalami SCI, 2) Ketidaknyamanan dan kecemasan yangdirasakan oleh pasien terhadap SCI, 3) Pentingnya dukungan keluarga dan tenagakesehatan, 4) Pengetahuan pasien tentang IC dan prosedur pemasangan IC, 5)Komponen penyuluhan dalam penggunaan IC pada pasien SCI, 6) Harapan pasienserta kendala yang dialami pasien terhadap SCI.Kesimpulan : Penggunaan IC pada pasien SCI bergantung pada gangguanpersyarafan yang dialami pasien setelah mengalami SCI, ketidaknyamanan dankecemasan yang dirasakan oleh pasien terhadap SCI, pentingnya dukungankeluarga dan tenaga kesehatan, pengetahuan pasien tentang IC dan prosedurpemasangan IC, komponen penyuluhan dalam penggunaan IC pada pasien SCIdan harapan pasien serta kendala yang dialami pasien terhadap SCI.
ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PERNIKAHAN USIA DINI DI DESA.TOROBULU KEC. LAEYA KAB. KONAWE SELATAN TAHUN 2015-2017
Authors: Wulandari Eka , Sarita Sultina , Feryani Feryani
Published: November 2023

Latar Belakang:Pernikahan dini adalah pernikahan pada remaja usia ≤ 20 tahun yangseharusnya belum siap untuk melaksanakan pernikahan. Perempuan muda di Indonesiadengan usia 10-14 tahun menikah sebanyak 0,2 persen atau lebih dari 22.000 wanitamuda berusia 10-14 tahun di Indonesia sudah menikah. Faktor yang mendasar sebagaipenyebab pernikahan usia dini yaitu latar belakang pendidikan yang rendah.Tujuan penelitian: Untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan pernikahanusia dini di Desa.Torobulu Kec. Laeya Kab. Konawe Selatan Tahun 2015-2017.Metode Penelitian:Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasional analitik denganpendekatan cross-sectional, dengan jumlah sampel 59 orang yang menikah usia dini padatahun 2015-2017.Hasil penelitian: Sebagian besar reponden yang menikah usia dini disebabkan olehfaktor media massa, pendidikan, lingkungan sosial, budaya dan tidak disebabkan olehfaktor pendapatan orang tua.Kesimpulan:Ada hubungan antara media massa dengan pernikahan usia dini (pvalue =0,042), ada hubungan antara pendidikan dengan pernikahan usia dini (pvalue = 0,020), adahubunganantara lingkungan sosial dengan pernikahan usia dini (pvalue = 0,013), adahubunganyang budaya dengan pernikaha usia dini (pvalue = 0,034), dan tidak adahubungan antara pendapatan orang tua dengan pernikahan usia dini (pvalue = 0,311)
FACTORS PREGNANT WOMEN WITH THE INCIDENCE OF PREECLAMPSIA AT PUSKESMAS KRESEK IN 2017
Authors: Nuzulus Sa’idah Silfia , Solihati Solihati , Sintapea Alni , Faridah Ida
Published: November 2023

According to research, Mardiani and Neli 2013. It can be seen that mostrespondents with mother age > 35 years 13 people (76.5%) are at risk ofpreeclampsia and vice versa that is not as risky as 10 people (11,2), And inPuskesmas Kresek most of the respondents 39 people (72,2%) at risk ofpreeclampsia and 15 people (27,8) are not at risk. The purpose to find out thefactors of pregnant women with the incidence of preeclampsia in PuskesmasKresek 2017. The research methodology used descriptive correlation research.The population in this study were pregnant women with preeclampsia inPuskesmas Kresek Kabupaten Tangerang April 2017. Samples taken for thisstudy using total sampling that is as much as 54 people pregnant women withpreeclampsia. The method of data analysis using Chi Square test. In PuskesmasKresek the factors of pregnant women with preeclampsia incidence at risky areage (72.2%) were not at risk (27.8%), based on unresponsive parity (72.2%) andat risk (27.8% ), Based on a history of unresponsive pre-eclampsia (79.6%) andat risk (20.4%), based on risk-free obesity (61.1%) (38.9%), based on the resultsof risky blood pressure (68.5%) are not at risk (31.5%). The conclusion is thatthere is an age correlation with preeclampsia occurrence in p = 0,01 (p <0,05),no parity relation with preeclampsia occured in p value = 1.71 (p> 0,05), norelationhistoryPreeclampsiawiththeincidenceofpreeclampsiawasobtainedp=3.22 (p> 0,05), there was an association of obesity with the incidence ofpreeclampsia obtained p = 0,01 (p <0,05), there was correlation of bloodpressure result with incidence of preeclampsia In get value p = 0,00 (p =<0,05).
Pengaruh Terapi Massage Effleurage terhadap Penurunan Nyeri Haid Pada Remaja Putri di Klaten
Authors: Permata Sari Devi , Sat Titi Hamranani Sri
Published: November 2023

Menstrual pain is a frequent problem experienced by adolescent girls. Menstrual pain arising from the contractions of the distritmia the myometrium. Teenagers who experience menstrual pain will have an impact anxiety can affect the occurrence of the decrease in the activities of the school and the achievement, therefero, to reduce the pain of mentruation is by way of a therapeutic massage effleurage. Research purpose Determine the effect of therapeutic massage effleurage to decrease the pain of menstruation in adolescent girls in SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Klaten. Desain observational Using quasy experiment design with non-equivalent control grup and using the test mann whitney test. Sampling technique using purposive sampling techique as many as 34 respondents. The measurement of pain level using the NRS (Numerical Rating Scale). The results showed that the pain scale of the respondent in the experimental group after done message effleurage pain scale minimum 1 maximum value of 4, with avarage pain scale 2.24 ± 0.970, while the second measurement scale of pain for a minimum of 2, maximum score is 5, with average pain scale 3.71 ± 1.047. the results of data analysis using test mann whitney test obtained Pv = 0.00 < α = 0.05.  Conclussion is therapy massage effleurage infuential to reduce pain menstruation.
Hubungan Massage Payudara terhadap Frekuensi Menyusui Ibu Postpartum di Puskesmas Cipondoh Kota Tangerang 2019
Authors: Solihati Solihati , Novita Sari Ika
Published: November 2023

Lack of knowledge information about breast massage causes lack of milk production in breastfeeding mothers which can be increased from the frequency of breastfeeding. In Indonesia Nationally, the coverage of infants receiving exclusive breastfeeding is 61.33%. In Banten, the coverage of infants receiving exclusive breastfeeding is 35.87%. The results of the data in 2018 At the Cipondoh Health Center, the coverage of infants getting exclusive breastfeeding was 1,430 with the target of 1,488 infants who were exclusively breastfed. To find out whether there is a relationship between breast massage and the frequency of breastfeeding for postpartum mothers in Cipondoh Public Health Centers. This type of research uses descriptive analytic, cross sectional approach techniques with a population of 32 respondents sampling by accidental sampling. The data analysis technique used was the Chi-Square Test, using SPSS 22. there was a relationship between breast massage and the frequency of breastfeeding for postpartum mothers. p-value 0,000 (p <0.05). from the results of the study there is a relationship between breast massage and the frequency of breastfeeding for postpartum mothers. The impact of breastfeeding mothers can be seen from the frequency of breastfeeding mothers who benefit so that the mother's uterus returns to normal faster.
STUDI DESKRPTIF PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP, DAN PERILAKU CUCI TANGAN PAKAI SABUN PADA MASYARAKAT DALAM PENCEGAHAN COVID-19 DI KOTA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Sinanto Rendi , Sitti Nur Djannah
Published: November 2023

Covid-19 merupakan penyakit berbahaya dengan penularan yang cepat dan mudah, angka kejadian covid-19 sangat meningkat signifikan di dunia maupun di Indonesia. Saat ini sebagian masyarakat Kota Yogyakarta merasa panik dan bingung tentang cara pencegahan covid-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku masyarakat Kota Yogyakarta tentang cuci tangan pakai sabun dalam pencegahan covid-19. Metode dalam penelitian ini yaitu deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional, tehnik pengambilan sampel yaitu non probability sampling, dengan tehnik accidental sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu kuesioner, pengambilan data melalui google form yang disebar pada tanggal 11-13 April 2020, analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis statistik deskriptif frekuensi. Hasil penelitian didapatkan pengetahuan masyarakat kota Yogyakarta dalam kategori baik (100%), sikap masyarakat dalam kategori tinggi (92%), dan perilaku masyarakat dalam kategori baik (98%). Sesuai hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku masyarakat tentang cuci tangan pakai sabun dalam pencegahan covid-19 adalah baik, dan pentingnya mengoptimalkan upaya promosi kesehatan dengan memanfaatkan media seperti leaflet, poster, media sosial, internet, spanduk, billboard, dan lain sebagainya, selain itu bisa melakukan inovasi melakukan promosi kesehatan menggunakan bahasa daerah.

Kata kunci : Cuci tangan, pakai sabun, Hand hygiene, Covid-19.
HUBUNGAN KONSUMSI JUNK FOOD DAN MEDIA INFORMASI TERHADAP MENARCHE DINI PADA REMAJA PUTRI
Authors: Rina Masrlina Hutasuhut
Published: November 2023

Menarche dini adalah menstruasi yang datangnya lebih awal antara 10-11tahun Pertanda biologis dari menarche adalah kematangan seksualnya.Pada perempuan yang mengalami menarche dini, fungsi reproduksinya sama cepat dengan perempuan dewasa. mengatakan bahwa usia menarche remaja putri telah bergeser ke usiayang lebih muda yaitu 10-11 tahun namun secara normal menarche pada perempuan terjadi pada usia12 - 16 tahun dengan rata-rata usia13 tahun. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan konsumsi junk food dan media informasi terhadap menarche dini pada remaja puri di dusun III desa bakaran batu kecamatan batang kuis, penelitian ini bersifat Dekskriptif Analitik yang bertujuan untuk Mengetahui gambaran tentang realitas pada obyek yang diteliti secara objektif tentang hubungan konsumsi junk food dan media informasi terhadap menarche dini pada remaja putri di dusun III desa bakaran batu kecamatan batang kuis. Penelitian ini dilakukan mulai juli dengan populasi 63 dan sampel 63 responden serta pengambilan sampel dengan teknik Simple Random Total Sampling dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Pengelola data dengancara editing, coding, tabulating dan dataentry Hasil penelitian mayoritas menarche dini konsumsiya 40 (63,5%) konsumsi junk food sering sekali 42 (66,7%) media informasi 43 (68,3%), hasil penelitian hubungan konsumsi junk food terhadap menarche dini diperoleh (OR) 0,105. 95% CI=0,022-0,510 dan P value 0,004<0,05, hubungan media informasi terhadap menarche dinidiperoleh (OR) = 6,129. 95% CI=1,842-19,543 dan P value 0,003 < 0,05. Remaja putri khususnya  lebih menjaga pola makan yang seimbang serta mengurangi konsumsi junk food yang berdampak terhadap menarche dini dengan menjaga pola makan yang bergizi dan alamiah dan mengurangi untuk mengakses media informasi dan melihat yg positif dan yg lebih bermanfaat di media.
A Medicated Wafers as a Novel Drug Delivery Carrier
Authors: Chopade Swapnil
Published: November 2023

Throughout the globe, pharmaceutical researchers seek to investigate medicated wafers as a novel instrument for drug delivery. As an alternative strategy to standard dosage forms, medicated wafers have been recognized. Wafers are regarded as convenient for swallowing, self-administering, and rapid dissolving dosage form, making it a versatile drug delivery platform. This delivery system was used through several paths such as oral, buccal, sublingual, and transdermal routes for both systemic and local intervention. The development of effective thin wafers needs an extensive understanding of the pharmacological and pharmaceutical properties of drugs and polymers together with a suitable choice of production procedures. The objective of this review is therefore to provide an overview of the new innovative formulation techniques, the various patents registered, the application in the pharmaceutical field, factors affecting the formulation of thin wafers, including the physicochemical properties of polymers and drugs, anatomical and physiological constraints, and the characterization of wafers. It also includes the latest trends and perspectives for designing thin wafers products and issues for different businesses developing thin wafers.
Devonian osteolepiform fishes from East Greenland
Authors: Jarvik Erik
Published: November 2023

The Middle and Upper Devonian deposits of East Greenland have yielded several osteolepiform fishes, of which only two, the osteolepid Gyroptychius groenlandicus Jarvik, 1950 and the rhizodontid Eusthenodon waengsjoei Jarvik, 1952 have been described previously. This paper gives new information on the structure of these two species. Three new forms are described, the osteolepids Gyroptychius dolichotatus sp. nov. and Thursius? minor sp. nov., and a rhizodontid, Spodichthys buetleri gen. et sp. nov.
G. dolichotatus is represented mainly by the holotype, which is the only almost complete specimen of an osteolepiform found in East Greenland. In this specimen the squamation is well preserved, exhibiting structural details unknown or imperfectly shown in other osteolepids. The gradual transition from scales into lepidotrichia is thus well documented, and the remarkable change in direction of the scale rows on the tail is displayed. It is demonstrated that the scale rows are directed anteroventrally (not posterodorsally as previously assumed) and meet the next anterodorsally directed row of flank-scales at varying angles, obtuse in G. dolichotatus, but almost normal in other osteolepids. This change in direction of the scale rows was first thought to be characteristic of actinopterygians with rhomboid scales. In addition to osteolepids it occurs in brachiopterygians (Polypterus) and is shown to occur also in Eusthenopteron, which like other rhizodontids has cycloid scales. A specimen of Gyroptychius groenlandicus provides information on the change in direction of the scale rows at the ventrolateral ridge, which marks the position of the ventrolateral fin-fold. The transformation of therhomboid osteolepid scales into the externally very different cycloid rhizodontid scales is analysed and illustrated.
In Spodichthys the occipital region of the neural endocranium is proportionally longer and includes more cranial vertebrae than in Eusthenopteron. The fissura oticalis ventralis anterioris distinct in several specimens. The ventral arcual plate following in front of that fissura is interpreted as the interventral of cranial vertebra CV 3+4.
The large collections of Remigolepis from East Greenland are discussed taxonomically, the importance of knowledge of variation in palaeontological species is emphasised, and the validity of the antiarch genus Hillsaspis Stensiö and the osteolepiform genera Ectosteorhachis Cope and Eusthenopteron Whiteaves is tested.
In order to emphasise the fundamental differences between the Porolepiformes and the Osteolepiformes, the endoskeletal shoulder girdles in the porolepiform Glyptolepis groenlandica and the osteolepiform Eusthenopteron foordi are illustrated.
Late Quaternary stratigraphy and glaciology in the Thule area, Northwest Greenland: Introduction
Authors: Funder S.
Published: November 2023

This report contains the geological and glaciological results of the NORDQUA 86 expedition to Thule, Northwest Greenland.
Coastal sections along Wolstenholme Fjord provide a detailed record of glacial and marine events during isotope stage 5 (74-134 ka), on the northern perimeter of Baffin Bay.
The record has been dated by a combination of thermoluminescence and C-14 dating. Amino acid analyses of marine mollusc shells afford local and regional correlations, while periods with penetration of warm subarctic water have been identified by their foraminifer and mollusc faunas. There were two marine episodes with influx of subarctic water. Between the two marine episodes (at 114 ± 10 ka) maximum, although restricted, Weichselian ice coverage was attained. After this, and until the Late Weichselian, ice coverage was similar to or smaller than at present. In Late Weichselian times there was a readvance of glaciers, also associated with influx of subarctic water.
The record provides for the first time a link between events in arctic Canada and Greenland, and shows that in the northern Baffin Bay region there is a causal relationship between hydrography and glaciation.
Samples of glacier ice from two cross sections of the ice margin all show a Holocene stable isotope signal. Although there are several possible explanations for this, this finding is in agreement with the small extent of ice cover during the Weichselian. It also seems likely that the local "Tuto ice dome" did not exist during the Holocene climatic optimum.
The Kap København Formation: stratigraphy and palaeobotany of a Plio-Pleistocene sequence in Peary Land, North Greenland
Authors: Bennike Ole
Published: November 2023

The Kap København Formation in eastern Peary Land, latitude 82°30'N, comprises essentially two facies: silt and sand. The former was deposited in sublittoral environments below wave base, and contains in situ marine faunas, while the latter was deposited in the littoral zone: in the backshore, foreshore and shoreface. Part of this facies was deposited near river mouths and contains allochthonous remains of freshwater and terrestrial organisms. Virtually all major groups of plants and animals are represented in the formation.

This paper deals mainly with remains of vascular plants. Seeds, fruits and leaves of c. 60 taxa show that the area was vegetated by forest tundra growing in a humid subarctic climate. Boreal upland plants include Larix groenlandii sp. nov., an extinct species which was the dominant tree, Picea mariana, Thuja occidentalis, Betula alba, Taxus, Alnus, Myrica arctogale sp. nov., Cornus spp. and Viburnum. Tundra plants include Dryas octopetala, Oxyria digyna, Betula nana, Salix reticulata and Vaccinium uliginosum ssp. microphyllum. A number of wet land habitats existed in the area; they supported e.g. Aracites globosa comb. nov. The largest tree trunk measures 18 cm in diameter, and growth rings are extremely narrow and variable. The pollen flora, which is dominated by Betula, comprise only a minor part of arboreal pollen, indicating that trees were of minor importance in the regional vegetation. Many of the species represented in the assemblage are of modern circumpolar range, but the flora shows a marked affinity to the modern North American flora.

Biostratigraphical correlations of mammals, foraminifers, molluscs and ostracodes, supplemented by palaeomagnetic work, show that the sequence is 2 to 2.5 Ma(million years) in age (Plio-Pleistocene). The vascular plant flora resembles Neogene floras from the Arctic Ocean borderland, notably that from the Beaufort Formation on Meighen Island in northernmost Canada. The flora and vegetation point to a much warmer climate at the Plio-Pleistocene boundary than today. By extrapolation of the climatic interpretations it is suggested that the Inland Ice of Greenland did not exist at this time, and that the Arctic Ocean was not covered by perennial sea ice.
A "deep" ice core from East Greenland
Authors: Johnsen Sigfus J. , Clausen Henrik B. , Dansgaard Willi , Gundestrup Niels S. , Hansson Margareta , Jonsson Peter , Steffensen Jørgen P. , Sveinbjørnsdottir Arny E.
Published: November 2023

Pilot studies on the Renland peninsula in Scoresbysund Fjord, East Greenland, indicated that the relatively small and separate Renland ice cap meets most of the criteria defining a favourable ice-core drill-site. In 1988, a Nordic expedition recovered a continuous surface-to-bedrock ice core from the summit. This relatively short core reaches deep into the past, probably throughout the last glaciation and through most of the preceding interglacial, Eem, 125,000 years B.P. The core contains detailed information on temporal changes of the coastal environment, and serves as a valuable complement to the new deep ice cores being drilled in Central Greenland. Core analyses suggest that (1) during Eemian time the East Greenland climate was at least 5°C warmer than now, and the precipitation 20% higher; (2) during the last glacial period, the precipitation decreased to a minimum, perhaps only 20% of the present value; (3) the post-glacial climatic optimum was 2.5°C warmer than now; (4) the long-term variability of the record is relatively low, due to isostatic movements in the area; and (5) from 70,000 years B.P., the Greenland glacial climate alternated between two quasi-stable stages. The latter point may reflect a chaotic feature of climate. If so, climate predictions will be difficult to access.
Mineralogy of the Werner Bjerge alkaline complex, East Greenland
Authors: Brooks C. Kent , Engell John , Larsen Lotte Melchior , Pedersen Asger Ken
Published: November 2023

The Tertiary Werner Bjerge complex is divided into a basic complex, a northern complex and a nepheline syenite complex. The basic complex consists of cumulate rocks (ranging from ultramafic to gabbros) containing plagioclase, clinopyroxene, olivine and titanomagnetite with intercumulus kaersutite or biotite and subsolidus amphiboles and sheet silicates. Similar cumulates but containing cumulus kaersutite occur as inclusions in dykes associated with the nearby Theresabjerg intrusion and have been included in the study. The northern complex includes a wide range of felsic rock types of which two granites have been examined. In the nepheline syenite complex the rock types investigated include foyaites, a tinguaite, and quartz-bearing pegmatite. The main minerals in these rocks are alkali feldspar, nepheline, sodalite, alkali pyroxene, alkali amphibole and biotite together with a wide range of minor and accessory phases.
Clinopyroxenes vary from diopsides and salites in the basic rocks to aegirine-augites and acmites in the more evolved types, which are unusually MnO-rich. Titan-aegirines occur in the pegmatite.
The amphibole in the basic rocks is kaersutite; in the granite it is manganoan richterite, and in the nepheline syenite complex the amphiboles vary from hastingsitic hornblende through katophorite to manganoan arfvedsonite. The pegmatite contains unique Li-arfvedsonites. Minor late-stage calcic amphiboles occur in the basic rocks.
Sheet silicates include micas and secondary mixed layer types, chlorite and talc. Primary micas of the basic complex are titaniferous biotites and in the nepheline syenites are Mn-rich biotites, while the pegmatite contains the rare Li-mica, taeniolite.
Feldspars range from bytownite in the basic rocks to mainly alkali feldspar in the nepheline syenites which is often optically homogeneous and strongly potassic. Analyses of feldspathoids and zeolites are also presented.
The oxides of the evolved rocks are also MnO-rich and pyrophanite has been encountered in both the granite and the nepheline syenites. Other Mn-rich phases are also present, such as Mn-pectolite and kupletskite (the Mn analogue of astrophyllite). Data have also been acquired for a wide range of accessory phases including (additionally) sulphides (pyrrhotite, pyrite and sphalerite), apatite, sphene, titanian garnets, narsarsukite, pyrochlore, calcite, chevkinite and several unidentified zirconosilicates from the nepheline syenites.
It is concluded that the geochemical coherence between the various rock units of the intrusion suggests a comagmatic origin for these, while the close similarities between the mineralogies of the Kangerdlugssuaq and Werner Bjerge alkaline complexes suggest a similar origin.
Cretaceous-Tertiary magmatic and tectonic events in North Greenland and the history of adjacent ocean basins
Authors: Soper Norman J. , Dawes Peter R. , Higgins Anthony K.
Published: November 2023

Greenland emerged as a separate entity during the break-up of the Laurasian plate in Palaeogene time. Research in the last decade has revealed some of the magmatic and tectonic events which were associated with the development of Greenland's northern margin: late Cretaceous basic dyke swarms, an explosive volcanic province (Kap Washington Group) dated as end-Cretaceous, a thrust zone of late Paleocene - Eocene age and a later Tertiary period of fault reactivation related to regional uplift. The north-eastern (Wandel Sea) margin was affected by compressional and extensional deformations.
The evidence for this sequence of events is outlined together with chemical data which characterise the igneous activity as alkalic, of ‘within-plate' type. A coherent pattern can be discerned between the onshore geological history and the spreading history of adjacent ocean basins, when the revised polarity time scale of Hailwood et al. (1979) is used as a link. We show how the geological evidence from North Greenland provides a number of important constraints on the timing and magnitude of displacements between Greenland and Canada in the Labrador Sea and Baffin Bay and also along Nares Strait.
History of exploration and geology in the Nares Strait region
Authors: Dawes Peter R. , L. Christie Robert
Published: November 2023

Exploration in the Nares Strait region in the late 19th and early 20th centuries was connected with the seaway's position as a principal route of geographic discovery. Few of the early expeditions were directed towards obtaining data for the young science of geology. At the turn of the century, with the passing of the main era of geographical discovery, including the race for the North Pole and the establishment of Greenland's insularity, geological understanding of the region advanced rapidly and geologists more or less became 'standard' members of expeditions to this part of the Arctic.

Systematic geological studies in the Nares Strait region began when Lauge Koch mapped the Greenland side of the Strait in the period 1916-23; such investigations on the Canadian side by the Geological Survey of Canada took place in the 1950s and later. Early private expeditions and later work by university and petroleum and mineral enterprises have also contributed many geological data, as have several 'military operations' centred on Thule Air Base in Greenland. Regional geological mapping in Greenland was renewed by the Geological Survey of Greenland in the 1970s and continues today.

Cooperative Danish-Canadian projects, initiated by "Operation Grant Land" in 1965-66 in northern Nares Strait, have aimed at coordinating field studies in order to better assess correlation of stratigraphy and structure across the Strait.

Greenland and Nares Strait held important positions in the early ideas about the horizontal mass movements of the continents, and both Frank B. Taylor and Alfred Wegener featured the narrow linear channel between Ellesmere Island and Greenland in their respective theories of continental drift. These two creative theorists built on the immense global knowledge assembled by Eduard Suess, who published one of the earliest appraisals of the region. Early geological maps of the Nares Strait region by Bailey Willis and Lauge Koch were used by Wegener in support of his theory of continental drift.
The Nyeboe Land fault zone: a major dislocation on the Greenland coast along northern Nares Strait
Authors: Dawes Peter R.
Published: November 2023

The name Nyeboe Land fault zone is proposed for a major dislocation zone in the western part of the North Greenland fold belt, traceable along the outer coast for 300 km. Two other names are introduced: 1) the Hand Bugt fault, a reverse fault that juxtaposes strata at least as old as Cambrian to the north, against Silurian rocks to the south, and 2) the Wulff Land anticline, a major fold structure that parallels the fault zone and the outer coast. The Wulff Land anticline is regarded as having formed during the main diastrophism of the Franklinian geosyncline in Devonian time; the Nyeboe Land fault zone is considered an expression of later Tertiary reactivation.

Stratigraphic data are presented that define more accurately than hitherto the Franklinian Cambro-Ordovician platform margin. This roughly coincides with the Nyeboe Land fault zone that probably had a history dating back at least to the early Palaeozoic. The location of a steep Bouguer gravity gradient in the coastal area of Nyeboe Land suggests that a deep-seated crustal structure controlled the margin of the Franklinian trough and the site of the Nyeboe Land fault zone.

The Nyeboe Land fault zone, the Wulff Land anticline and the platform margin can be correlated across Nares Strait with on-line features on Judge Daly Promontory within the central Ellesmere fold belt. This indicates that any strike-slip movement along Nares Strait has only resulted in minor net displacement between Greenland and Ellesmere Island.

The Nyeboe Land fault zone is correlated with the Judge Daly fault zone of Ellesmere Island to define an extensive fracture line that is oblique to Nares Strait. It is concluded that main crustal displacements in the late Phanerozoic probably took place along fracture systems oblique to Nares Strait rather than affecting the separation of Greenland and Ellesmere Island as separate plates.
3DKL v1.0: Creating the first 3D geological model of Kuala Lumpur
Authors:   British Geological Survey, Environmental Science Centre, Keyworth, Nottingham, NG12 5GG, UK, Dobbs Marcus R. , Rosle Qalam A’zad ,   Dept. of Mineral & Geoscience Malaysia, Selangor & W. Persekutuan, 6th & 7th Floor, Bangunan Darul Ehsan, No. 3, Jalan Indah, Section 14, 40000 Shah Alam, Selangor D.E., Malaysia, Ahmad Dalila ,   Kuala Lumpur City Hall, Menara DBKL 1, Jalan Raja Laut, 50350 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Malaysia, Burke Helen F. ,   British Geological Survey, Environmental Science Centre, Keyworth, Nottingham, NG12 5GG, UK
Published: November 2023

The objective of UN Sustainable Development Goal 11 is to make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable. Geoscience can play a significant role in achieving targets within this goal by developing a better understanding of geological properties and processes within urban environments, and by ensuring that this understanding is integrated into urban development. A key step in this process will be enhancing awareness of urban geology among non-geoscience decision-makers, so that inherent subsurface risks and benefits are understood and accounted for during all phases of development. Three-dimensional geological models are an effective tool for geologists to communicate with stakeholders in government and industry during that process. They can also provide a framework to enable geological data and information to be integrated into Building and City Information Models, and thus facilitate more effective infrastructure and utility asset management. This paper describes the modelling workflow adopted by a consortium of geoscientists from government, industry and academia to deliver the first 3D geological model of Kuala Lumpur – 3DKL v1.0. The modelling workflow involved: digitising borehole logs from site investigation reports and storing them in a dedicated geospatially-enabled SQLite borehole database; viewing and interpreting that borehole data using QGIS software; generating multiple orthogonally oriented cross-section profiles across the modelled area using Groundhog Desktop software; and integrating the information derived from the interpreted boreholes, surface data and cross-section profiles to generate a 3D geological model in Leapfrog Geo software. 3DKL v1.0 has demonstrated proof-of-concept: we have developed a workflow, based largely on freely-available software, for transforming borehole information, previously captured in paper records, into a conceptual 3D model. The modelling process has also identified areas where geological knowledge and data need to be enhanced if 3DKL is to fulfil its potential to support more sustainable and resilient urban development in Kuala Lumpur.
Rock - soil transition during weathering of rhyolite
Authors:   No. 83, Jalan Burhanuddin Helmi 2, Taman Tun Dr. Ismail, 60000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Kuna Raj John
Published: November 2023

Concentric layers of weathered materials around core-stones show the rhyolite to experience sequential, but gradational, changes in visible features, textures and mineralogy as it transforms from ‘rock’ into ‘soil’. The changes start with the opening-up of grain boundaries and micro-cracks (stage 1) followed by their dark brown staining (stage 2) and the subsequent alteration (to sericite and clay minerals) of plagioclase feldspar groundmass grains and phenocrysts (stage 3). Biotite flakes are then bleached and altered (to chlorite and clay minerals) (stage 4) before there starts alteration (to sericite and clay minerals) of groundmass alkali feldspar grains (stage 5) and finally alteration of alkali feldspar phenocrysts (stage 6). Quartz grains are not altered during these stages of weathering but disaggregate and reduce in size due to continual opening-up of grain boundaries and micro-cracks. Increasing stages of weathering are marked by decreasing dry unit weights, dry densities and uniaxial compressive strengths, but increasing apparent porosities. The transition between ‘rock’ and ‘soil’ occurs during weathering stage 6 when all plagioclase groundmass grains and phenocrysts have been altered as have been all alkali feldspar groundmass grains and most phenocrysts. Stage 6 is marked by large apparent porosities (>14%) but low values of dry unit weight (<21.90 kN/m3) and dry density (<2,232 kg/m3).
Multi-phase subsidence history of the Sarawak continental margin and its regional significance
Authors:   6, Jalan Kelab Golf 13/6G, Seksyen 13, 40100 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia, Madon Mazlan , Jong John ,   A26-05, One Residences, No. 1 Jalan Satu, 55200 Chan Sow Lin, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: November 2023

Subsidence analysis of Sarawak Basin using stratigraphic data from a selection of exploration wells revealed a multi-phase history of crustal extension (rifting), subsidence and uplift. A relatively rapid subsidence during the early rift phase from Eocene to Oligocene (ca. 37–28 Ma) was followed by a gradual decrease in subsidence rate as the extended lithosphere underwent post-rift thermal relaxation (ca. 28–22 Ma). A second phase of extension during the Early Miocene (ca. 22–17 Ma) resulted in an increase in subsidence rate, which coincided with a major episode of compressional deformation, uplift and localised erosion. This deformation event culminated in a major unconformity dated ~16 Ma, known as the Middle Miocene Unconformity (MMU), which is recognised throughout the Bunguran Trough and North Luconia regions of Sarawak Basin as a major stratigraphic hiatus spanning the Early to Middle Miocene. Since the Late Miocene, there had been an increase in the subsidence rate, probably due to progradation of the Sarawak shelf to its present-day configuration. The complex subsidence history of Sarawak Basin is similar to those reported from other parts of the South China Sea margin. The subsidence histories indicate a common, underlying tectonic factor which is probably related to rifting and sea-floor spreading in the southwestern prong of the South China Sea oceanic basin.
Low birthweight and maternal smoking as predictors of infant lung function from a South African birth cohort within low socioeconomic communities
Authors: Muttoo S , Jeena P M , Röösli M , Olin A C , Carlson H K , Asharam K , Mtiku A A , Naidoo R N
Published: November 2023

Background. Early assessment of infant lung function (ILF) is necessary to improve our understanding of factors that determine long- term respiratory health.

Objective. To identify predictors of lung function among infants aged 6 weeks, 6, 12 and 24 months, from low socioeconomic settings, enrolled within the Mother and Child in the Environment (MACE) study.

Methods. ILF tests were performed assessing multiple breath washout and tidal breathing during spontaneous sleep. Several risk factors, relating to infant growth, maternal and environmental exposures, were assessed cross-sectionally against the lung function parameters in multivariable models for each age group.

Results. Maternal smoking during pregnancy affected the ratio of time to peak expiratory flow, showing a decline across the age groups, while being statistically significant (β (95% confidence interval (CI)) at 6 weeks (–24.6% (–43.92 - –4.59)) and 12 months (−12.68 (−25.25 - −0.11)). Low birthweight was associated with a lower tidal volume at 6 weeks (−5.99 mL (–9.59 - –2.39)), 6 months (−15.02 mL (−22.48 - −7.57)) and 12 months (−23.7 mL (−35.55 - −11.85)), compared with those with normal birthweight. This was further observed for minute ventilation at 6 weeks (−157.78 mL/min (−338.95 - 23.38)), 6 months (−325.57 mL/min (–619.06 - −32.08)) and 12 months (−527.58 mL/min (−947.85 - −107.32)), though less evident at 24 months.

Conclusion. Low birthweight was the main predictor for low tidal volumes and minute ventilation at 6 weeks, with smaller differences observed at 12 and 24 months. Lung function development early in life is primarily driven by infant size and postnatal growth factors, consistent with other studies.
Cross-Chain Bridges: A Potential Solution to Standardising Distributed Ledger Technology in Payment Systems
Authors: Zilnieks Vadims , Erins Ingars
Published: November 2023

Despite standardisation initiatives, the modern financial landscape continues to be characterised by heterogeneous payment systems. This issue persists even with the emergence of distributed ledger technology in the market. Independent groups of developers are producing their own permissioned blockchain solutions without clear directions for standardisation that could be associated to the lack of a clear position from central banks and regulatory organisations regarding these technologies. The unresolved problem of transaction finality in distributed ledgers adds to the difficulty of reconciling separate distributed platforms. One potential solution is the implementation of cross-chain bridges, which can establish connections between platforms and potentially enable seamless experiences for end users and applications. The paper discusses the advantages and issues associated with these bridges.
An Analysis of the Prospects of the Use of Magnetic Water Treatment in Foundry Engineering
Authors: Dan Leonid , Trofimova Larysa
Published: November 2023

Scientists are currently focused on creating technologies that produce positive results without affecting the environment. One such technology is magnetic water treatment. In this paper, an analytical review of publications devoted to the application of magnetic treatment of water in various branches of engineering, agriculture, and medicine is carried out. Current views on the structure of water molecules, as well as the theories explaining the influence of the magnetic treatment of water on its properties, are reviewed. The results of studies of the influence of water treated by a magnetic field on the properties of molding sand are analyzed, including those in which the authors of the article took part. It is shown that the magnetic treatment of still water can increase the green strength of the molding sand containing this water from 0.035 to 0.052 MPa, and that of water in motion to 0.075 MPa. Thanks to this, the amount of binder in the molding sand can be reduced. It is concluded that the use of magnetically treated water in foundries is promising.
Corrosion behavior of aluminum reinforced austenitic steel in liquid lead bismuth at 550 ℃
Authors: Gan Shu-Yun , Xu Shuai , Li Bing-Sheng , Chai Lin-Jiang , Chen Li-Ming , He Xiao-Xun , Wang Li , Liu Si-Jie , Wen Chun-Mei , Li Jia-Qi , Wu Zhong-Zheng ,   School of Materials and Chemistry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China,   State Key Laboratory for Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China,   Department of Material Forming and Control, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
Published: November 2023

The key material issue for the commercialization of advanced lead cooled fast reactors and accelerator driven subcritical systems is the compatibility between structural materials and lead based coolants. Structural steel materials require excellent corrosion resistance in high-temperature liquid lead bismuth eutectic (LBE) alloy. Aluminum forming austenitic steel (AFA steel) has excellent corrosion resistance in extreme environments due to its ability to form an Al2O3 film on its surface. However, excessively high Ni elements are more easily dissolved or oxidized in LBE than Fe and Cr elements. Therefore, this work investigates the effect of reducing Ni element composition (25-Ni steel and 18-Ni steel) on the corrosion resistance of steel in LBE. Surface treatment can protect the substrate from corrosion to some extent, so herein we explore whether it has a protective effect on AFA steel in LBE by generating Al2O3 through high-temperature pre oxidation. The morphology and structure of the oxide layer of AFA steel corroded for 600 h in LBE with saturated dissolved oxygen at 550 ℃ are characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and other technologies. The results indicate that the oxide film formed after corrosion of 18-Ni steel is thinner than that after corrosion of 25-Ni steel. Performing high-temperature pre oxidation is beneficial to forming a protective Al2O3 oxide film on the surface of the sample, thereby reducing the thickness of the oxide layer and improving the material’s LBE corrosion resistance. The reduction in thickness of the oxide layer generated after pre oxidation of 18-Ni steel is greater than that of 25-Ni steel, so the anti-corrosion effect of 18-Ni steel after pre oxidation is better than that of 25-Ni steel.
The Wiener, hyper-Wiener, Harary and SK indices of the P(Z_{p^k·q^r}) power graph
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, University of Gazi, Aşkin Volkan
Published: November 2023

The undirected $P(Z_n)$ power graph of a finite group of $Z_n$ is a connected graph, the set of vertices of which is $Z_n$. Here $\langle u, v\rangle \in P(Z_n)$ are two diverse adjacent vertices if and only if $u \ne v$ and $\langle v \rangle \subseteq \langle u \rangle$ or $\langle u \rangle \subseteq \langle v \rangle$. We will shortly name the undirected $P(Z_n)$ power graph as the power graph $P(Z_n)$. The Wiener, hyper-Wiener, Harary and SK indices of the $P(Z_n)$ power graph are in order as follows $$\frac{1}{2}\underset{\left\{ u,v \right\}\subseteq V\left( G \right)}{\mathop \sum }\,d\left( u,v \right), \ \frac{1}{2}\underset{\left\{ u,v \right\}\subseteq V\left( G \right)}{\mathop \sum }\,d\left( u,v \right)+\frac{1}{2}\underset{\left\{ u,v \right\}\subseteq V\left( G \right)}{\mathop \sum }\,{{d}^{2}}\left(u,v \right),$$ $$\underset{\left\{ u,v \right\}\subseteq V\left( G \right)}{\mathop \sum }\,\frac{1}{d\left(u,v \right)} \mbox{ and } \frac{1}{2}\underset{uv\in E\left( G \right)}{\mathop \sum }\,\left( {{d}_{u}}+{{d}_{v}} \right).$$ In this article we focus more on the indices of $P(Z_n)$ power graph by Wiener, hyper-Wiener, Harary and SK the definition of the power graph is presented and the results and theorems which we need in our discussion are provided in the introduction. Finally, the main point of the article is that we calculate the Wiener, hyper-Wiener, Harary and SK indices of the power graph $P(Z_n)$ corresponding to the vertex $n = p^k \cdot q^r$. These are as follows: $p, q$ are distinct primes and $k, r$ are nonnegative integers.
On generalized hyperharmonic numbers of order r, H_{n,m}^{r} (\sigma)
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, University of Bursa Uludağ, Koparal Sibel , Ömür Neşe ,   Department of Mathematics, University of Kocaeli, Elkhiri Laid ,   Faculty of Material and Sciences, University of Tiaret
Published: November 2023

In this paper, we define generalized hyperharmonic numbers of order $r, H_{n,m}^{r}\left( \sigma \right) ,$ for $m\in \mathbb{Z}^{+}$ and give some applications by using generating functions of these numbers. For example, for $n, r, s\in \mathbb{Z}^{+}$ such that $1\leq s\leq r,$ \begin{equation*} \sum\limits_{k=1}^{n}\binom{n-k+s-1}{s-1}H_{k,m}^{r-s}\left( \sigma \right) =H_{n,m}^{r}\left( \sigma \right), \end{equation*} and \begin{equation*} \sum_{k=1}^{n}\sum_{i=1}^{k}\frac{H_{k-i,m}^{r+1}\left( \sigma \right) D_{r}(k-i+r)}{(n-k)!\left( k-i+r\right) !}=H_{n,m}^{2r+2}(\sigma ), \end{equation*} where $D_{r}(n)$ is an $r$-derangement number.