bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exponentially Long Orbits in Hopfield Neural Networks
Authors: Muscinelli Samuel P. , Gerstner Wulfram , Brea Johanni
Published: November 2016

We show that Hopfield neural networks with synchronous dynamics and asymmetric weights admit stable orbits that form sequences of maximal length. For [Formula: see text] units, these sequences have length [Formula: see text]; that is, they cover the full state space. We present a mathematical proof that maximal-length orbits exist for all [Formula: see text], and we provide a method to construct both the sequence and the weight matrix that allow its production. The orbit is relatively robust to dynamical noise, and perturbations of the optimal weights reveal other periodic orbits that are not maximal but typically still very long. We discuss how the resulting dynamics on slow time-scales can be used to generate desired output sequences.
Effects of incubation technique on proxies for olive ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea) neonate fitness
Authors: Hart Catherine E. , Zavala-Norzagaray Alan A. , Benítez-Luna Odin , Plata-Rosas Luis Javier , Abreu-Grobois F. Alberto , Ley-Quiñonez Cesar P.
Published: November 2016

Sea turtles and their nests face multiple threats on nesting beaches. Techniques have been developed to mitigate threats, these include relocating nests to fenced-off hatcheries or polystyrene boxes. The alteration of the nest’s natural environment may have direct effects on hatchling phenotype and locomotor performance. To test the effects of these two incubation conditions on proxies for hatchling fitness, we analysed locomotor performance (time to crawl 3 m and righting response) and phenotypic measures (weight and carapace length and width) of olive ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea) hatchlings. We found that mean temperature was higher in hatcheries (30.5°C) than in polystyrene boxes (29.9°C) and that hatchlings incubated in polystyrene boxes had smaller straight carapace length (39.2 mm ± 2.0) and were significantly slower in crawl speed (CS) (0.0107 m s−1 ± 0.005) than those from hatcheries (SCL = 40.7 mm ± 1.3; CS = 0.018 m s−1 ± 0.005).
Criminal Appeals in Europe: The Perspective of the Defence
Authors: Caianiello Michele
Published: November 2016

This paper is focused on the appeal system in criminal justice, in a comparative perspective, considered from the standpoint of the defendant. Most part of the directives adopted after the 2009 Stockholm Programme in the afsj area involve issues related to the appeal stage. Appeal represents an instrument prevailingly conceived in favour of the defence. This pro-defence inclination of the appeal bears some relevant risk for the effectivity of the system, under the viewpoint of law enforcement. Some restrictions to avoid destructive strategies by the defence can be accepted. However, legal instruments devoted to preserve the self-integrity of the proceedings must be used with extreme caution. The risk is that an excessive recourse to such provisions might lead the system to disregard procedural legality, and the values protected by procedural rules, in the name of an effective ascertainment of the substantial truth.
On the Dating of the Ethiopian Dynastic Treatise Kǝbrä nägäśt: New Evidence
Authors: Frantsouzoff Serge A.
Published: November 2016

The present article argues the garbled text of the Lev. 18:8 as found in the Ethiopian dynastic treatise Kǝbrä nägäśt to be intentional. It refers to the conflict between the King of Ethiopia ‘Amdä Ṣǝyon I (1314–1344) and the Däbrä Libanos monastic congregation. The author argues that the second half of that verse was deliberately changed in order to make the royal marriage of ‘Amdä Ṣǝyon I to a wife/concubine of his late father to be seen as the mother – son incest. The conflict took place in the 27th year of the reign of ‘Amdä Ṣǝyon I. The new interpretation of the Lev. 18:8 as appears in the Kǝbrä nägäśt allows to attribute the treatise rather precisely: the terminus ante quem non can be set from the beginning of the 40s of the 14th century AD, i.e. somewhere in the 1340s.
An Archaic Jewish-Christian Liturgical Calendar in Abba Giyorgis of Sägla
Authors: Lourié Basil
Published: November 2016

Two difficult passages are analysed in the 26th homily of the book Mäṣḥafä Mǝśṭir by Abba Giyorgis of Sägla, which are dealing with transition from the Old Testament Jewish calendar to the Christian calendar with its veneration of Sunday. The Jewish calendar Abba Giyorgis kept in mind was similar to those of 1 Enoch or Jubilees. According to his understanding, the Christian Sunday was already implied in the Mosaic Law as the year of release, as he has demonstrated with calendrical caluculations.
The Old Chants for St. Gärima: New Evidence from Gärˁalta
Authors: Nosnitsin Denis
Published: November 2016

The article presents an old folio kept in the church of Däbrä Śaḥl (Gärˁalta, northern Ethiopia), one of a few other leaves, all originating from a codex dating to a period well before the mid–14thcentury. The codicological and palaeographical features reveal the antiquity of the fragment. The content of the folio is remarkable since it contains chants dedicated to St. Gärima (also known as Yǝsḥaq) which can be identified as the chants for the Saint from the Dǝggwa, the main Ethiopian chant book. In the Ethiopian Orthodox Täwaḥǝdo Church the feast of Gärima is celebrated on the 17th of Säne. By means of the fragment of Däbrä Śaḥl, the composition of the liturgical chants for Gärima can be dated to a time much prior to the mid-14th century. Moreover, both the chants and the 15th-century Acts of Gärima by Bishop Yoḥannǝs refer to a famous miracle worked by the Saint. This fact proves that the miraculous account, in whatever form, was in circulation prior to the mid-14th century.
Understanding Origen: The Genre(s) of the Gospels in Light of Ancient Greek Philology and Modern Genre Theory
Authors: Berglund Carl Johan
Published: November 2016

The reflections of Origen of Alexandria (ca. 185–254 CE) concerning the nature of the New Testament Gospels may be better understood if viewed in relation to a scheme of standard introductory questions used by ancient Greek philologists in their commentaries on classical Greek literature. While this scheme did not include questions about the form or genre of the writings to be analyzed, Origen repeatedly added such reflections when he adapted the scheme in his commentaries on biblical writings. These reflections inform us of his expectations of the Gospels. Using a modern concept of genre as a system of expectations shared between author and reader, and frequently intended to shape the worldview of the readers, Origen’s views of the nature of the Gospels can be expressed as their simultaneous participation in two genres: Christian teaching and ancient historiography.
Gregory of Nyssa’s Life of Gregory Thaumaturgus and the Conversion of Neocaesarea
Authors: MacDougall Byron
Published: November 2016

Gregory of Nyssa’s Life of Gregory Thaumaturgus concludes with a scene describing how the people of Neocaesarea, while crowding together at a festival in the city’s theatre, bring a plague upon themselves by praying to their ancestral god. The prayer uttered by the citizens is itself a text from Isaiah in the Septuagint, and moreover a verse which Gregory of Nyssa expounds in one of his homilies. Gregory’s exegesis of that verse in the homily reveals the significance of the same verse’s appearance in the Life’s conversion narrative. In the Life, Gregory Thaumaturgus stops the plague, and his behavior evokes a subsequent verse from Isaiah with a soteriological meaning of its own. The account of the conversion of Neocaesarea, a scene which has otherwise puzzled commentators, is thus structured so that its people and Gregory Thaumaturgus together dramatize Isaiah’s prophecy of universal salvation as it was understood in Christian exegesis.
Sur l’origine des sobriquets de Jean le Grammairien « Jannes » et « Sorcier »
Authors: Sénina (nonne Kassia) Tatiana A.
Published: November 2016

The nickname “Jannes” given by iconodules to the last iconoclastic patriarsh John the Grammarian sprang up already in 814–815. It was based on 2 Tim 3:8 and probably on an apocryphal work about the magicians Jannes and Jambres. Initially this nickname implied anything but John’s “corrupt mind.” As to the charges of sorcery against John and to the nickname “Sorcerer,” this is a result of the subsequent comprehension of the same sources and possibly of rumors about semi-occult experiment performed by John.
Caught in Transition: Liturgical Studies, Grand Narratives, and Methodologies of the Past and the Future
Authors: Avdokhin Arkadiy
Published: November 2016

The short paper offers a critical assessment of the historical method in the recent Liturgical Subjects by D. Krueger, and extends the discussion into wider reflections on methodology of the studies of Christian liturgy and how they reflect larger shifts in early Christian studies. It is argued that thinking in terms of ‘grand narratives’ and unchanging liturgical patterns is ultimately rooted in the academic agendas of the nineteenth century. It is also suggested that the quest for innovative approaches to liturgical research should account for both new methodologies introduced and the historical insights of traditional scholarship.
The Role of Back Pressure in the Atmospheric Response to Surface Stress Induced by the Kuroshio
Authors: Takatama Kohei , Schneider Niklas
Published: November 2016

The effect of ocean current drag on the atmosphere is of interest as a test case for the role of back pressure, because the response is independent of the thermally induced modulation of the boundary layer stability and hydrostatic pressure. The authors use a regional atmospheric model to investigate the impact of drag induced by the Kuroshio in the East China Sea on the overlying winter atmosphere. Ocean currents dominate the wind stress curl compared to the impacts of sea surface temperature (SST) fronts. Wind stress convergences and divergences are weakly enhanced even though the ocean current is almost geostrophic. These modifications change the linear relationships (coupling coefficients) between the wind stress curl/divergence and the SST Laplacian, crosswind, and downwind gradients. Clear signatures of the ocean current impacts are found beyond the sea surface: sea surface pressure (back pressure) decreases near the current axis, and precipitation increases over the downwind region. However, these responses are very small despite strong Ekman pumping due to the current. A linear reduced gravity model is used to explain the boundary layer dynamics. The linear vorticity equation shows that the oceanic influence on wind stress curl is balanced by horizontal advection decoupling the boundary layer from the interior atmosphere. Spectral transfer functions are used to explain the general response of back pressure to geostrophic ocean currents and sea surface height.
Seven-Day Intensity and Intensity Spread Predictions for Atlantic Tropical Cyclones
Authors: Tsai Hsiao-Chung , Elsberry Russell L.
Published: November 2016

The extension of the Weighted Analog Intensity Atlantic (WAIA) prediction technique for Atlantic tropical cyclones (TCs) from 5 to 7 days revealed a need for two modifications. The first modification for the 7-day WAIA was to randomly select 70% of the TCs in the entire 2000–15 sample to be the training set and use the remaining 30% as the independent set. The second modification was to ensure that appropriate analogs were selected for ending storm situations such as landfall, postrecurvature, and nondevelopment or delayed intensification within the 7-day forecast interval. By simply constraining the analog selection such that the intensity at the last matching point with the target TC track does not exceed 50 kt (where 1 kt = 0.51 m s−1), an increasing overforecast bias with forecast interval was almost eliminated in both the training set and the independent set. With these two analog selection modifications, the mean absolute errors, and the correlation coefficients of the 7-day WAIA intensities with the verifying intensities, are essentially constant from 5 to 7 days, which establishes this WAIA as a viable technique for 7-day intensity forecasts of Atlantic TCs.
Robust finite-time chaos synchronization of time-delay chaotic systems and its application in secure communication
Authors: Wang Hua , Ye Jian-Min , Miao Zhong–Hua , Jonckheere Edmond A
Published: November 2016

This paper presents finite-time chaos synchronization of time-delay chaotic systems with uncertain parameters. According to the proposed method, a lot of coupled items can be treated as zero items. Thus, the whole system can be simplified greatly. Based on robust chaotic synchronization, secure communication can be realized with a wide range of parameter disturbance and time-delay. Numerical simulations are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Predictors of extubation outcomes following myasthenic crisis
Authors: Liu Zhenguo , Yao Shiyuan , Zhou Qian , Deng Zhensheng , Zou Jianyong , Feng Huiyu , Zhu Hua , Cheng Chao
Published: November 2016

Objective

Myasthenic crisis (MC) is considered the most severe adverse event in patients with myasthenia gravis. The present retrospective study was performed to evaluate the predictors of clinical outcomes in patients with MC.

Methods

The medical charts of 33 patients (19 women, 14 men) with 76 MC attacks from 2002 to 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Early extubation (≤7 days) and prolonged ventilation (>15 days) during the MC were used to assess patient outcomes.

Results

Among the 33 patients, 24 (72.7%) had positive acetylcholine receptor antibody test results and 20 (60.6%) experienced recurrent MC attacks (≥2 episodes) during follow-up (median 83.6 months, range 1.5–177 months). Plasma exchange during an MC was significantly associated with early extubation. Male sex, older age (>50 years), atelectasis, and ventilator-associated pneumonia significantly contributed to prolonged ventilation. In 22 patients who underwent thymectomy, both the duration between MC attacks and the mean number of MC attacks were significantly reduced after surgery.

Conclusions

Plasma exchange during MC attacks was found to be important for early extubation; older patients and those with atelectasis or ventilator-associated pneumonia were more vulnerable to prolonged ventilation. Thymectomy may be useful to prevent recurrence of MC.
An Investigation Into the Psychometric Properties of the Test Anxiety Measure for College Students
Authors: Lowe Patricia A.
Published: November 2016

The psychometric properties of a new, multidimensional measure of test anxiety, the Test Anxiety Measure for College Students (TAM-C), were examined in a sample of 720 undergraduate students. Results of confirmatory factor analyses provided support for a six-factor (Cognitive Interference, Physiological Hyperarousal, Social Concerns, Task-Irrelevant Behaviors, Worry, and Facilitating Anxiety) model. Cronbach’s coefficient alphas ranged from .75 to .95 for the TAM-C scores. Gender differences were found on four of the TAM-C scales, with females reporting higher levels of test anxiety than males. Convergent and discriminant evidence of validity for the TAM-C scores was found. Implications of the findings for mental health professionals who work with college students are discussed.
Parental Involvement: Rhetoric of Inclusion in an Environment of Exclusion
Authors: Parsons Allison A. , Walsemann Katrina M. , Jones Sonya J. , Knopf Herman , Blake Christine E.
Published: November 2016

This article explores how parents and school personnel perceived and experienced parental involvement at a school serving a low-income mainly black population. The first author recorded detailed field notes (n=70) and conducted in-depth interviews with parents (n=20) and school personnel (n=20) over a three-year period. Despite rhetoric of inclusion, the school’s policies and practices restricted parents to predetermined and acceptable roles of parental involvement. Ideologies of colorblind racism undergirded school policies and practices, thereby maintaining current social hierarchies of white privilege and racial minority disadvantage. This colorblind approach to parental involvement created barriers to the development of authentic relationships and, therefore, the development of a positive, mutual, and respectful relationship between student families and school personnel. Naming racism and recognizing its impact on the school environment are important first steps towards change. School staff and teachers must be willing to interrogate their participation in maintaining social hierarchies.
Protocolled Redefinition of the Therapeutic Range for Unfractionated Heparin: Lost in Translation?
Authors: Coene Karlien L. M. , van der Graaf Fedde , van de Kerkhof Daan
Published: November 2016

Background:

Protocolled treatment with unfractionated heparin (UFH) is a subject of ongoing debate. Even though international guidelines prescribe calibration of the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) to 0.3 to 0.7 U/mL anti-Xa activity to establish an UFH therapeutic range, evidence for this approach remains scarce. In this study, we evaluated different strategies to delineate the UFH therapeutic range and analyzed the effects on patient therapeutic classification.

Methods:

In 109 patient samples, the aPTT was measured with 2 different reagents, both of which used mechanical clot detection. The UFH therapeutic range was determined using 3 previously described methods: calibration of the aPTT to 0.3 to 0.7 U/mL anti-Xa activity, application of 1.5 to 2.5 times the control aPTT, or using 0.3 to 0.7 U/mL anti-Xa activity directly. We also applied the UFH therapeutic range of a second hospital to our patient population.

Results:

Application of the guideline-prescribed anti-Xa calibration method would result in patients receiving increased UFH dosage in comparison to our previous UFH nomogram. Between-method and between-laboratory variations in aPTT and anti-Xa activity assays are a likely cause of these discrepancies. Additionally, we show that individual patient characteristics, such as weight and UFH treatment duration, likely contribute to the discordance between different strategies to establish an UFH therapeutic range.

Conclusion:

No consensus is reached between different strategies to define the UFH therapeutic range, which could result in relevant differences in UFH doses applied in patients. Clinicians and laboratory specialists should critically evaluate UFH monitoring protocols and be aware of their shortcomings.
Evaluation of thromboembolic events in cancer patients receiving bevacizumab according to the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database
Authors: Matsumura Chikako , Chisaki Yugo , Sakimoto Satoko , Sakae Honoka , Yano Yoshitaka
Published: November 2016

Purpose

We aimed to examine the risk factors, time of onset, incidence rates, and outcomes of thromboembolic events induced by bevacizumab in patients with cancer using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) database of the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency.

Methods

Adverse event data recorded in the JADER database between January 2004 and January 2015 were used. After screening the data using the generic drug name bevacizumab, patient data were classified into two groups by age and five groups by cancer type. The histories of disorders were also categorized. Arterial thromboembolic event and venous thromboembolic event were classified as “favorable” or “unfavorable” outcomes.

Results

In total, 6076 patients were reported to have developed adverse events during the sample period, of which 233 and 453 developed arterial thromboembolic event and venous thromboembolic event, respectively. Logistic analysis suggested that the presence of cancer was a significant risk factor for both arterial thromboembolic event and venous thromboembolic event. Age (≥70 years), histories of either hypertension or diabetes mellitus were also risk factors for arterial thromboembolic event. Median cumulative times of onset for arterial thromboembolic event and venous thromboembolic event were 60 and 80 days, respectively, and were not significantly different by the log-rank test. By the chi-square test, the rate of unfavorable outcomes was found to be higher after developing arterial thromboembolic event than after venous thromboembolic event.

Conclusion

Thromboembolism is a leading cause of mortality in patients with cancer. Patients should be monitored for the symptoms of thromboembolic events right from the initial stages of bevacizumab treatment.
Lenvatinib – A multikinase inhibitor for radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer
Authors: Hewett Yvonne , Ghimire Subash , Farooqi Bilal , Shah Binay K
Published: November 2016

Lenvatinib, an oral multikinase inhibitor, was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in February 2015. In a pivotal phase III study of 392 patients with progressive radioiodine-refractory thyroid cancer, the overall response rate of patients receiving lenvatinib was 64.8%, with complete response in four patients. The median progression-free survival was 18.3 months in the lenvatinib arm versus 3.6 months in patients receiving placebo. Median overall survival was not reached in either arm. Lenvatinib is a promising new treatment for patients with radioiodine (iodine-131)-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer.
The placenta economy: From trashed to treasured bio-products
Authors: Kroløkke Charlotte , Dickinson Elizabeth , Foss Karen A
Published: November 2016

This article examines the human placenta not only as a scientific, medical and biological entity but as a consumer bio-product. In the emergent placenta economy, the human placenta is exchanged and gains potentiality as food, medicine and cosmetics. Drawing on empirical research from the United States, the United Kingdom, Denmark and Japan, the authors use feminist cultural analysis and consumer theories to discuss how the placenta is exchanged and gains commodity status as a medical supplement, smoothie, pill and anti-ageing lotion. Placenta preparers and new mothers cite medical properties and spirituality as reasons for eating or encapsulating the placenta, reinstating ideas of the liberated good mother. Meanwhile, the cosmetics industry situates the placenta as an extract and hence a commodity, re-naturalizing it as an anti-ageing, rejuvenating and whitening bio-product. The authors conclude that, in the emergent bio-economy, the dichotomy between the inner and the outer body is deconstructed, while the placenta gains clinical and industrial as well as affective value.
Migrating intimacies: Media representations of same-sex love among migrant women in East Asia
Authors: Heberer Feng-Mei
Published: November 2016

This article explores contemporary photography and film works that highlight same-sex intimacy among female Southeast Asian migrant domestic workers in Hong Kong. My discussion expands upon feminist migration scholarship by examining how these projects document new migrant socialities and, further, how they invite reflection on the often transient intimacies they depict. As I show, the works render legible and validate sexual and romantic affiliations among migrant women that are commonly elided from their public representation. Yet the visual narratives move notions of intimacy beyond the frameworks of permanence, domesticity, and heteronormativity to interrogate how such framings intersect with concepts of good citizenship and market logics of privacy that foreclose the visibility of non-normative migrant socialities. What is more, by circulating “improper” images of migrant women's same-sex intimacies, the photography and film works mobilize alternative value economies through which the women's experiences are rendered legible without being made appropriable.
Introduction: Special issue on technologies of intimate labour
Authors: Parreñas Rhacel Salazar
Published: November 2016

This article introduces the concept of ‘technologies of intimate labour’, which refers to practices of intimate labour that forge identities, enable self-actualization, and allow self-growth. It describes the two underlying themes that bring together this special issue: aspirational politics of sex or sexual identity and the moral regimes of sexual labour.
The Association Between Preoperative Hemoglobin A1C and Postoperative Glycemic Variability on 30-Day Major Adverse Outcomes Following Isolated Cardiac Valvular Surgery
Authors: Bardia Amit , Khabbaz Kamal , Mueller Ariel , Mathur Priyam , Novack Victor , Talmor Daniel , Subramaniam Balachundhar
Published: November 2016

BACKGROUND:

Preoperative hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and postoperative glycemic variability predict major adverse events (MAEs) after coronary artery bypass grafting in a protocolized glycemic control setting. However, the influence of preoperative HbA1c and postoperative glycemic variability in isolated cardiac valvular surgery is unknown. In this study, we sought to establish (a) whether preoperative HbA1c could identify patients at increased risk of MAEs and (b) whether postoperative glycemic variability was associated with MAEs after isolated cardiac valvular surgery.

METHODS:

Patients >18 years of age undergoing isolated valve surgery from January 2008 to December 2013 were enrolled in this prospective, single-center, observational cohort study with IRB approval. Patient demographics, intraoperative data, and postoperative MAEs were extracted from the institutional Society of Thoracic Surgery (STS) database. The primary outcome, MAEs, was a composite of in-hospital death, myocardial infarction, reoperations, sternal infection, cardiac tamponade, pneumonia, stroke, or renal failure. Glycemic variability in the postoperative period was assessed by the coefficient of variation. Patents were stratified by HbA1c levels (<6.5% or ≥6.5%) and assessed using multivariable logistic regression.

RESULTS:

Of the enrolled 763 patients, 109 (14.3%) had a preoperative HbA1c level ≥6.5%. Patients with HbA1c ≥6.5% were older (70 [63–79] vs 66 [56–75], P < .001) and had a higher incidence of dyslipidemia (83.5% vs 57.0%, P < .001) and congestive heart failure (39.5% vs 27.8%, P = .01). The calculated STS risk score for morbidity and mortality was also statistically higher in this group (0.18 [0.13–0.27] vs 0.13 [0.09–0.21], P < .001). The occurrence of MAEs was similar between the 2 groups (13.8% in HbA1c ≥6.5% vs 11.0% in HbA1c <6.5%, P = .40). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that neither preoperative HbA1c ≥ 6.5% (odds ratio [OR] 1.48, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.78–2.82; P = .23) nor postoperative glycemic variability (CV per quartile; OR 1.05, 95% CI: 0.85–1.30; P = .67) was found to be associated with MAEs. An HbA1c ≥ 6.5% was associated with the increased glycemic variability in the postoperative period (0.173 [0.129–0.217] vs 0.141 [0.106–0.178], P < .0001).

CONCLUSIONS:

This study did not show an association between preoperative HbA1c and postoperative glycemic variability with MAEs after isolated cardiac valvular surgery. Specifically, lack of association between postoperative glycemic variability and MAEs is noteworthy and is in contrast to our previous finding in CABG patients. Future studies should focus a targeted glycemic variability reduction in CABG patients and evaluate the reduction in MAEs, without risk of employing a one-size fits all approach when approaching other cardiac procedures.
A Picture’s Worth: Toward Theorizing a Black/Queer Gaze in the Internet “Pornutopia”
Authors: Allen Jafari Sinclaire
Published: November 2016

Drawn from an archive of online pornographic selfies, this meditation reconsiders black gay art historical critique of the visual fetish of the black male body in the context of the undisciplined and contradictory circulation of images on the Internet. It asks: Does authorship of the image, or the action of gazing, make you a subject? Who is the gazer in the context of the Internet? What does it feel like to be an object looking at an object?
The Unnamed Body: Encountering, Commodifying, and Codifying the Image of the Black Female
Authors: Cummins Alissandra , Thompson Allison
Published: November 2016

The late eighteenth-century print The Barbadoes Mulatto Girl, by Agostino Brunias, is a significant starting point for a discussion of the complex processes involved in naming and codifying race, gender, and class within larger established systems of attributing value in the newly creolizing societies of the West Indies. Barbados was the first colony in the New World where Africans formed the majority population. By 1660 Barbados had the largest black population in the New World and was also unique as the only colony where women outnumbered men. As the first society built entirely on slave labor, Barbados soon became the hegemonic model—what Hilary Beckles identifies as “the Barbados Experiment”—which was then exported throughout the Western hemisphere and had an indelible impact on contemporary African diaspora societies and, we argue, the way in which the black female body in particular has been represented. Christopher Cozier describes the genre of Caribbean portraiture produced against the background of a long history of colonized representation as “a visual territory not exclusively of our own making.” This article presents a number of representations of the black figure and examines the continuation of, as well as the challenges to, certain tropes that have been used to frame blackness, femaleness, and tropicality.
Juveniles ofLymnaeasmart snails do not perseverate and have the capacity to form LTM
Authors: Shymansky Tamila , Protheroe Amy , Hughes Emily , Swinton Cayley , Swinton Erin , Lukowiak Kai S. , Phillips Iain , Lukowiak Ken
Published: November 2016

Previously, it was concluded that the nervous systems of the juvenile snails were not capable of mediating LTM. However, exposure and training of those juvenile snails in the presence of a predator cue significantly altered their ability to learn and form LTM. In addition, there are some strains of Lymnaea which have been identified as ‘smart’. These snails form LTM significantly better than the lab-bred strain. Here we show that juveniles of two smart snail strains are not only capable of associative learning, but also have the capacity to form LTM following a single 0.5h training session. We also show that freshly collected ‘wild’ ‘average’ juveniles are also not able to form LTM. Thus, the smart snail phenotype in these strains is expressed in juveniles.
Auguste de Saint Hilaire e a civilização indígena: conquista ou filantropia?
Authors: Gomes Rafael Augusto , Albuquerque de Miranda Luiz Francisco
Published: November 2016

Este trabalho busca entender como o viajante e naturalista Auguste de Saint-Hilaire caracterizou os povos americanos e procurou incorporá-los às sociedades “civilizadas” no início do século XIX. Durante período estudado a concepção europeia do termo “humanidade” estava sendo reformulada sob o impacto da filosofia das Luzes e das viagens científicas. Para interpretar seus relatos empregamos uma análise chartieriana das representações formuladas pelo autor, buscando analisar tanto as representações indígenas quanto as estratégias civilizatórias (práticas) construídas pelo naturalista francês. Acreditamos que a concepção ilustrada de “humanidade” dialogou profundamente com os ideais filantrópico-civilizatórios do período.
Elementos para uma teoria da pacificação
Authors: Kubrusly Gabriel
Published: November 2016

Através de uma discussão bibliográfica, relaciono aspectos da construção do Estado no Brasil com a institucionalização de um aparato legal de “proteção” e de controle da população nativa, ou, em outras palavras, de um aparato de mediação de conflitos entre colonizadores e indígenas. A organização de tal sistema legal coincide com um processo de racionalização e de burocratização da administração estatal, que inclui a normatização de corpos e de tensões que se opuseram ao empreendimento colonial. Por fim, traço um paralelo com o arranjo das terras indígenas e proponho uma interpretação macro-sociológica de um “processo de pacificação”.
Entrevista com Fabiane Popinigis
Authors: Pires Isabelle
Published: November 2016

Fabiane Popinigis é professora adjunta do Departamento de História e do Programa de Pós-graduação em História da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (PPGH/UFRRJ). Possui graduação, mestrado e doutorado em História pela Universidade Estadual de Campinas, sob orientação do prof. Sidney Chalhoub, com estágio na Universidade Paris IV-Sorbonne, sob supervisão do prof. Luiz Felipe de Alencastro. Sua tese de doutorado ganhou o concurso Várias Histórias, do CECULT, e seu livro Proletários de casaca - empregados no comércio carioca (1850-1911), foi publicado pela Ed. da UNICAMP em 2007. Publicou vários artigos sobre o comércio de gêneros nas ruas de Florianópolis no oitocentos, com foco no mercado de trabalho e relações raciais e de gênero na ocupação da cidade. É membro do GT Mundos do Trabalho da ANPUH e do GT Nacional Emancipações e Pós-abolição. Atualmente é tutora do PETHistória da UFRRJ.
Magnetically modified Posidonia oceanica biomass as an adsorbent for organic dyes removal
Authors: SAFARIK I. , ASHOURA N. , MADEROVA Z. , POSOIKOVA K. , BALDIKOVA E. , SAFARIKOVA M.
Published: November 2016

Magnetically modified Posidonia oceanica sea grass dead biomass was employed as an adsorbent of organic dyes. The adsorption of seven water-soluble organic dyes was characterized using Langmuir adsorption model. The highest calculated maximum adsorption capacity was found for Bismarck brown Y (233.5 mg g-1), while the lowest capacity value was obtained for safranin O (88.1 mg g-1). The adsorption processes followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the thermodynamic studies indicated spontaneous and endothermic adsorption.
Concordant patterns of mtDNA and nuclear phylogeographic structure reveal Pleistocene vicariant event in the green crab Carcinus aestuarii across the Siculo-Tunisian Strait
Authors: DELI T. , CHATTI N. , SAID K. , SCHUBART C. D
Published: November 2016

This study focuses on the population genetic structure of the green crab Carcinus aestuarii along part of the African Mediterranean coast, with the main target to confirm genetic subdivision across the well documented genetic boundary of the Siculo-Tunisian Strait. For this purpose, the mitochondrial COI (cytochrome oxidase I) gene and five polymorphic microsatellite loci were analysed in 144 and 120 specimens, respectively. Our results show the existence of two distinct haplogroups, separated by 16 mutational steps and revealed a non random distribution of the genetic variation along the African Mediterranean coast. Dating analyses, based on the use of different molecular clock models and rates, placed the divergence among both haplogroups at 1.91 Myr (95% HPD: 1.11–2.68 Myr) to 0.69 Myr (95% HPD: 0.44–0.98 Myr). This range of divergence time estimation corresponds to the Early Pleistocene. The particular pattern of genetic divergence among Eastern and Western African Mediterranean populations of C. aestuarii, detected by 2-level AMOVA at the mitochondrial level, was consistent with that inferred from microsatellite analysis and suggests a vicariant event in C. aestuarii. Demographic reconstruction, inferred from mismatch distribution and BSP analyses, yielded different patterns of demographic history between both African Mediterranean groups. The distribution pattern of the two haplogroups across the African Mediterranean coast, along with results of Bayesian analysis of genetic structure revealing an intermediate geographic group between the two divergent groups of the African coast, support the hypothesis of a secondary contact between two historically isolated groups. Although this hypothetical contact zone, thought to be located near the Siculo-Tunisian Strait, still needs to be verified, the asymmetric gene flow from Western to Eastern African Mediterranean, as inferred by the results of a MIGRATE analysis, reinforces the previously mentioned results.
A massive ingression of the alien species Mytilus edulis L. (Bivalvia: Mollusca) into the Mediterranean Sea following the Costa Concordia cruise-ship disaster
Authors: CASOLI E. , VENTURA D. , MODICA M. V. , BELLUSCIO A. , CAPELLO M. , OLIVERIO M. , ARDIZZONE G.
Published: November 2016

The Costa Concordia cruise-ship disaster occurred just off the coast of Italy on January 13th, 2012, and entailed the largest marine salvage operation in history. The salvage employed vessels from different European harbours, providing an unexpected means for transporting alien species into the Mediterranean. In this work we identified mussel species using fragments length polymorphism of a nuclear locus and report the first evidence of the transport of the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis Linnaeus, 1758 (Bivalvia: Mollusca), into the Mediterranean Sea, as a part of the fouling community of the hull of an accommodation barge arrived from a NE Atlantic location in October 2012. Furthermore, we describe the rapid growth of this species, under the ASV Pioneer, until its almost total extinction during the summer of 2013, which left a covering of mussel shells on the underlying Posidonia oceanica (Linnaeus) Delile, 1813. meadow. This high mortality rate indicated that M. edulis had been exposed to high stress conditions, probably due to different salinity, temperature, and oligotrophic conditions from its place of origin, and there was no spawning event or known settlement on the nearest infralittoral natural habitats. This event reminds us of how the Mediterranean Sea is constantly under alien-species pressure, due to human activities.
New Mediterranean Biodiversity Records (July 2016)
Authors: DAILIANIS T. , AKYOL O. , BABALI N. , BARICHE M. , CROCETTA F. , GEROVASILEIOU V. , CHANEM R. , GÖKOĞLU M. , HASIOTIS T. , IZQUIERDO-MUÑOZ A. , JULIAN D. , KATSANEVAKIS S. , LIPEZ L. , MANCINI E. , MYTILINEOU CH. , OUNIFI BEN AMOR K. , ÖZGÜL A. , RAGKOUSIS M. , RUBIO-PORTILLO E. , SERVELLO G. , SINI K. , STAMOULI C. , STERIOTI A. , TEKER S. , TIRALONGO F. , TRKOV D.
Published: November 2016

This contribution forms part of a series of collective articles published regularly in Mediterranean Marine Science that report on new biodiversity records from the Mediterranean basin. The current article presents 51 geographically distinct records for 21 taxa belonging to 6 Phyla, extending from the western Mediterranean to the Levantine. The new records, per country, are as follows: Spain: the cryptogenic calcareous sponge Paraleucilla magna is reported from a new location in the Alicante region. Algeria: the rare Atlanto-Mediterranean bivalve Cardium indicum is reported from Annaba. Tunisia: new distribution records for the Indo-Pacific lionfish Pterois miles from Zembra Island and Cape Bon. Italy: the ark clam Anadara transversa is reported from mussel cultures in the Gulf of Naples, while the amphipod Caprella scaura and the isopods Paracerceis sculpta and Paranthura japonica are reported as associated to the –also allochthonous–bryozoan Amathia verticillata in the Adriatic Sea; in the latter region, the cosmopolitan Atlantic tripletail Lobotes surinamensisis also reported, a rare finding for the Mediterranean. Slovenia: a new record of the non-indigenous nudibranch Polycera hedgpethi in the Adriatic. Greece: several new reports of the introduced scleractinian Oculina patagonica, the fangtooth moray Enchelycore anatina, the blunthead puffer Sphoeroides pachygaster (all Atlantic), and the lionfish Pterois miles (Indo-Pacific) suggest their ongoing establishment in the Aegean Sea; the deepest bathymetric record of the invasive alga Caulerpa cylindracea in the Mediterranean Sea is also registered in the Kyklades, at depths exceeding 70 m. Turkey: new distribution records for two non indigenous crustaceans, the blue crab Callinectes sapidus (Atlantic origin) and the moon crab Matuta victor (Indo-Pacific origin) from the Bay of Izmir and Antalya, respectively; in the latter region, the Red Sea goatfish Parupeneus forsskali, is also reported. Lebanon: an array of records of 5 alien and one native Mediterranean species is reported by citizen-scientists; the Pacific jellyfish Phyllorhiza punctata and the Indo-Pacific teleosteans Tylerius spinosissimus, Ostracion cubicus, and Lutjanus argentimaculatus are reported from the Lebanese coast, the latter notably being the second record for the species in the Mediterranean Sea since 1977; the native sand snake-eel Ophisurus serpens, rare in the eastern Mediterranean, is reported for the first time from Lebanon, this being its easternmost distribution range; finally, a substantial number of sightings of the lionfish Pterois miles further confirm the current establishment of this lessepsian species in the Levantine.
System of Labor Activities with the Use of ICT in Occupational Standards for Teachers. Module �Subject Learning. Technology�
Authors: ���������  , Nekrasova G. , ��������  , Novikova Natalya
Published: November 2016

The article considers relevant issues of the implementation of occupational standards for teachers. It analyses teacher�s activity in the area of information

and communication technologies (ICT). By the example of live pedagogical situations, the article shows that ICT play f signifi cant role in organizing

process of education and fundamentally change the nature of teacher�s professional activity with the development of Information-oriented Society.

Occupational standards for teachers were examined and analyzed for the purpose of detecting the place of labor activities in the area of ICT at the

level of generalized fundamental labor functions. Technology teacher activities went through an in-depth analysis and changes in professional task

of technology teachers in educational Information Environment were described. The grounds for and the list of labor activities with the use of ICT in

occupational standards for teachers, Module �Subject learning. Technology�, are given for the fi rst time.
Education Quality Assessment by Students
Authors: ���������  , Burlakova I. , ��������  , Chugarova G.
Published: November 2016

Questions of education quality have the key positions on the educational services market. The problem of education quality assessment and the problem

of education compliance with the requirements of the state and society remain relevant today. Education quality assessment is conducted to ensure quality

control and provide objective information to all stakeholders. The tasks of the education quality assessment are: objective monitoring and evaluation

of educational achievements of students; conducting of systematic and comparative analysis of educational service quality; informing of educational

service consumers; determination of the eff ectiveness of the educational process and the eff ectiveness of training programs. Assessment of the education

quality involves: assessment of students individual achievements; quality assessment activities of educational organizations; assessment of the education

system quality as a whole.
The Impact of Patent Wars on Firm Strategy: Evidence from the Global Smartphone Industry
Authors: Paik Yongwook , Zhu Feng
Published: November 2016

Strategy scholars have documented in various empirical settings that firms seek and leverage stronger institutions to mitigate hazards and gain competitive advantage. In this paper, we argue that such “institution-seeking” behavior may not be confined to the pursuit of strong institutions: firms may also seek weak institutions to mitigate hazards. Using panel data from the global smartphone industry and recent patent wars among key industry rivals, we examine how smartphone vendors that are not directly involved in patent litigation strategically respond to increased litigation risks in this industry. We find that as patent wars intensify, smartphone vendors not involved in any litigation focus more of their business in markets with weaker intellectual property (IP) protection because of institutional arbitrage opportunities. This strategic response is more pronounced for vendors whose stocks of patents are small and whose home markets have weak-IP systems. Our study is the first to examine the relationship between heterogeneity in national patent systems and firms’ global strategies. It provides a more balanced view of firms’ institution-seeking behavior by documenting how they make strategic use of weaker institutions.
A nursing muse
Authors: Hodgson Richard
Published: November 2016

The nursing process and nursing models can obstruct nurses' understanding and prevent them from caring for patients in a personalized way. This article introduces a ‘nursing muse’ as a way of extending understanding beyond scientific intellectualization.
Mindfulness and ‘mindful living’ in people with dementia
Authors: Mendes Aysha , Palmer Sarah Jane
Published: November 2016

Practicing mindfulness can offer people living with long-term conditions, such as dementia, a higher quality of life by focusing on the present and living in the moment. Aysha Mendes and Sarah Jane Palmer discuss two recent studies in this area of care
Necrotising fasciitis caused by metastatic endometrial cancer: a rare cause of a life-threatening condition
Authors: Hendrickson S , Bystrzonowski N , Kokkinos C , Butler P
Published: November 2016

We report a case of necrotising fasciitis caused by metastatic endometrial adenocarcinoma. Metastases to the lumbar spine with local invasion to the iliopsoas muscle led to an iliopsoas abscess, which subsequently progressed to necrotising fasciitis of the flank. This patient lacked common risk factors for necrotising fasciitis. There are no previous reports in the literature of necrotising fasciitis with this aetiology. We discuss the available evidence for aetiology of and risk factors for necrotising fasciitis, and the relation of time to surgery with prognosis.
An atypical presentation of necrotising fasciitis
Authors: Kunz K , Seidel F , Weidhase L , Hepp P , Strocka S , Gradistanac T , Petros S
Published: November 2016

Necrotising fasciitis is a rare infection with a high mortality rate. Clinical manifestation may be influenced by an underlying disease state. We report a case of a 70-year-old man with an anaplastic large-cell lymphoma who presented with inconclusive signs of necrotising fasciitis following a neutropenic phase after chemotherapy. Surgical exploration did not reveal the typical macroscopic features of necrotising fasciitis. Microbiological investigations revealed Escherichia coli. The lack of massive tissue inflammation, probably due to the neutropenia in our patient, has not been described by other authors. Diagnostic uncertainties owing to masked or uncharacteristic signs in immune compromised patients may lead to a delayed surgical debridement, of which clinicians should be aware.