bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impacts of Plant-derived Secondary Metabolites for Improving Flora in
Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Li Lin Zehao , Yan Yan , Song Qinghe , Wang Zhibin , Zhang Wei , Hou Yanli , Zhang Xiandang
Published: January 2023

Background:

Diabetes has become a problem that plagues public healthcare systems.
Recent studies have shown that intestinal flora exerts positive therapeutic effects on metabolic diseases,
and plant-derived secondary metabolites are safe, effective and easy to prepare and also have
an impact on intestinal flora and diabetes; these drugs have rarely been reviewed before as a class
of drugs for diabetes, especially focusing on the intestinal flora. Therefore, studying the relationship
between plant-derived secondary metabolites and diabetes mellitus is crucial.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to summarize and investigate the therapeutic mechanism
of drugs extracted from natural plants effects on type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods:

The relationship between flora and type 2 diabetes was investigated by reviewing the recent
experimental literature, and the pathways available for natural plant-derived secondary metabolites
in the treatment of type 2 diabetes were summarized.

Results:

The therapeutic mechanisms of common plant-derived secondary metabolites for type 2
diabetes were summarized with a focus on the prebiotic efficacy of natural plant-derived secondary
metabolites and the modulation of intestinal flora, and the mechanisms through which plantderived
secondary metabolites treat type 2 diabetes via effects on intestinal flora are further reviewed.

Conclusion:

Common plant-derived secondary metabolites can play a role in regulating bacteria in
the intestinal tract by enriching beneficial bacteria and removing harmful bacteria to achieve their
therapeutic effect on type 2 diabetes. In addition, due to their excellent ability to regulate intestinal
flora, plant-derived secondary metabolites may also have excellent efficacy in cancer and obesity,
among other diseases.
Ginsenoside Rb1 Suppresses AOM/DSS-induced Colon Carcinogenesis
Authors: Wang Ling , Zhang Qing-Qing , Xu Yu-Yu , Zhang Rui , Zhao Qing , Zhang Yu-Qing , Huang Xue-Hong , Jiang Bin , Ni Min
Published: January 2023

Background:

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide. Current treatments, including
surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, are limited by severe side effects and the development of resistance.

Objective:

Therefore, it is important to find additional therapies to combat the problem. Ginsenoside Rb1 is the main
active ingredient of ginseng, which is a well-known herb in traditional Chinese medicine. Ginsenoside is reported to
play an important role in the prevention and treatment of cancer.

Methods:

We established Azoxymethane (AOM)/Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) colon cancer model based on inflammation,
observed the beneficial effect of ginsenoside Rb1, and detected the changes in gut microbiota.

Results:

Our experimental results showed that ginsenoside Rb1 significantly reduced the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-
17A, IL-33, IL-1β, and IL-22, increased the level of IL-10, and also changed the gut microbiota composition. These
results suggested that ginsenoside Rb1 can be used to prevent inflammation-associated CRC development and may
provide an effective therapeutic strategy for CRC by relieving chronic inflammation and restoring the gut microenvironment
in the AOM/DSS-induced model of colitis-associated colorectal cancer in mice.

Conclusion:

Ginsenoside Rb1 significantly attenuated AOM/DSS-induced colon carcinogenesis.
Biodegradable Polymer-Based Microspheres for Depot Injection-Industry
Perception
Authors: Kyatanwar Anand , Nagarsenker Mangal , Prabhakar Bala
Published: January 2023

The discovery of proteins and peptides marked the actual beginning for pharmaceutical
companies to do research on novel delivery systems for delivering these therapeutic proteins. Biodegradable
polymer-based microspheres for controlled-release depot injection are known for decades
and have proved to be one of the best possible approaches. Despite being known for decades, the
commercial success of microsphere-based delivery systems remains limited. Very few products are
seen in the market with no generics available for approved brand products whose patents have either
expired or are about to expire. All this points to the complexities involved in developing these delivery
systems. Still, many hurdles remain in developing these drug delivery systems namely, poor drug entrapment,
unwanted burst release, poor in vitro in vivo correlation, lack of proper in vitro testing
methods, problems involved during scale-up, and the most important hurdle being sterilization of the
product. To achieve successful product development, all of these technical difficulties need to be simultaneously
dealt with and resolved. This article attempts to highlight the problem areas for these delivery
systems along with the regulatory requirements involved and map the present status of these delivery
systems.
Provider Perspectives on Artificial Intelligence–Guided Screening for Low Ejection Fraction in Primary Care: Qualitative Study
Authors: Barry Barbara , Zhu Xuan , Behnken Emma , Inselman Jonathan , Schaepe Karen , McCoy Rozalina , Rushlow David , Noseworthy Peter , Richardson Jordan , Curtis Susan , Sharp Richard , Misra Artika , Akfaly Abdulla , Molling Paul , Bernard Matthew , Yao Xiaoxi
Published: January 2023

Background

The promise of artificial intelligence (AI) to transform health care is threatened by a tangle of challenges that emerge as new AI tools are introduced into clinical practice. AI tools with high accuracy, especially those that detect asymptomatic cases, may be hindered by barriers to adoption. Understanding provider needs and concerns is critical to inform implementation strategies that improve provider buy-in and adoption of AI tools in medicine.

Objective

This study aimed to describe provider perspectives on the adoption of an AI-enabled screening tool in primary care to inform effective integration and sustained use.

Methods

A qualitative study was conducted between December 2019 and February 2020 as part of a pragmatic randomized controlled trial at a large academic medical center in the United States. In all, 29 primary care providers were purposively sampled using a positive deviance approach for participation in semistructured focus groups after their use of the AI tool in the randomized controlled trial was complete. Focus group data were analyzed using a grounded theory approach; iterative analysis was conducted to identify codes and themes, which were synthesized into findings.

Results

Our findings revealed that providers understood the purpose and functionality of the AI tool and saw potential value for more accurate and faster diagnoses. However, successful adoption into routine patient care requires the smooth integration of the tool with clinical decision-making and existing workflow to address provider needs and preferences during implementation. To fulfill the AI tool’s promise of clinical value, providers identified areas for improvement including integration with clinical decision-making, cost-effectiveness and resource allocation, provider training, workflow integration, care pathway coordination, and provider-patient communication.

Conclusions

The implementation of AI-enabled tools in medicine can benefit from sensitivity to the nuanced context of care and provider needs to enable the useful adoption of AI tools at the point of care.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04000087; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04000087
Effects of Fetal Images Produced in Virtual Reality on Maternal-Fetal Attachment: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Lee Kyong-No , Kim Hyeon Ji , Choe Kiroong , Cho Aeri , Kim Bohyoung , Seo Jinwook , Myung Woojae , Park Jee Yoon , Oh Kyung Joon
Published: January 2023

Background

Maternal-fetal attachment (MFA) has been reported to be associated with the postpartum mother-infant relationship. Seeing the fetus through ultrasound might influence MFA, and the effect could be increased by more realistic images, such as those generated in virtual reality (VR).

Objective

The aim was to determine the effect of fetal images generated in VR on MFA and depressive symptoms through a prenatal-coaching mobile app.

Methods

This 2-arm parallel randomized controlled trial involved a total of 80 pregnant women. Eligible women were randomly assigned to either a mobile app–only group (n=40) or an app plus VR group (n=40). The VR group experienced their own baby’s images generated in VR based on images obtained from fetal ultrasonography. The prenatal-coaching mobile app recommended health behavior for the pregnant women according to gestational age, provided feedback on entered data for maternal weight, blood pressure, and glucose levels, and included a private diary service for fetal ultrasound images. Both groups received the same app, but the VR group also viewed fetal images produced in VR; these images were stored in the app. All participants filled out questionnaires to assess MFA, depressive symptoms, and other basic medical information. The questionnaires were filled out again after the interventions.

Results

Basic demographic data were comparable between the 2 groups. Most of the assessments showed comparable results for the 2 groups, but the mean score to assess interaction with the fetus was significantly higher for the VR group than the control group (0.4 vs 0.1, P=.004). The proportion of participants with an increased score for this category after the intervention was significantly higher in the VR group than the control group (43% vs 13%, P=.005). The feedback questionnaire revealed that scores for the degree of perception of fetal appearance all increased after the intervention in the VR group.

Conclusions

The use of a mobile app with fetal images in VR significantly increased maternal interaction with the fetus.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04942197; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04942197
Structural, morphological, and photoluminescence study of Europium doped spinel ZnAl2O4 phosphors
Authors: Gahane N. M. , Chaware P. J. , Rewatkar K. G.
Published: January 2023

Nanocrystalline Eu-doped Zinc aluminate spinel was produced by a combustion method. Different methods, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and photoluminescence spectroscopy, were used to examine the prepared spinel type ZnAl2O4 ceramic material and characterize its structural, morphological, and photoluminescent properties. The formation of a pure phase with a spinel structure and the space groupfd3 ̅m is confirmed by the zinc aluminate material's X-ray diffraction pattern. Scan and transmission electron microscopy were used to further establish the average surface structure and crystalline size. The PL spectra show the strongest emission at 616 nm corresponds to the 5D0 → 7F2 transition of Eu3+. Photometric parameters like CIE coordinates and CCT values show that prepared phosphor that gives off a bright red light is used in the display and lamp industries.
The structural relationship among middle school student’s social support and happiness: Focusing on the mediating effects of self-esteem
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Jung Jungkyo , Chung Hyewon
Published: January 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study is to verify the structural relationship among middle school student’s social support(parental, peer and teacher support), self-esteem, and happiness.
Methods For this purpose, the structural equation modeling was applied to the wave 2 of 1st grade middle school students panel of the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey 2018(N=2,438) conducted by the Korea Youth Policy Research Institute.
Results Result are as follows. While student perception of self-esteem had a significant positive effect on happiness, student perception of social support(parental, peer, and teacher) did not have a significant effect on happiness. And while student perception of parental, peer support did not have a significant direct effect on happiness, it shows a significant indirect effect on happiness through self-esteem as a mediator. Student perception of teacher support did no have a significant effect on happiness both of direct and indirect.
Conclusions Based on the results of the study, the implication to improve happiness of middle school students and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Exploring the Experience of Early Childhood Teacher in Design Thinking Based Play
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Lee Jong-gil , An Yung-hea
Published: January 2023

Objectives This study intends to examine the educational meaning of design thinking as a teacher support program according to the child-centered and play-based curriculum by exploring the play experiences that apply design thinking to early childhood teachers.
Methods For this, an in-service teacher who had a high will to design play and expressed a willingness to participate in the study was selected as the research participant, and the data collected after in-depth interviews were analyzed using Creswell's triangulation technique.
Results As a result of exploring the experience of play execution applying design thinking, first, in the initial stage of design play, ‘experience difficulties in applying design play’ and ‘experience new play in design while having fun together’. Second, in the design play execution stage, ‘experience that crosses the infant-teacher-centered teaching method’, ‘experience discovering novelty through trial and error’, ‘experience that inspires play with limited autonomy’, and ‘fix the teacher themselves’ ‘Experience that breaks down notions’ appeared. Third, the perception of the teacher's major roles according to design play was ‘coordinating work time’, ‘becoming a volunteer and observer in play’, and ‘configuring a space for imagination and collaboration’.
Conclusions This study examines the importance of recognition of the role of the teacher as a play environment builder for design play, as well as a case that shows that design thinking play has an application value as an educational approach for the implementation of a toddler/play-centered curriculum. We want to make it meaningful.
A Study on the Discussion Class Model Based on Flipped Learning: The Case of the Students of Korean Language Institute of Education
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Lee So Hee , Woo In-Hye
Published: January 2023

Objectives This study aims to develop a teaching instructional model to improve the discussion ability of students of Korean Language Institute of Education in university before admission using flipped learning.
Methods Literature research was conducted through prior research papers related to discussion and flipped learning, and based on the analysis results, we tried to present a discussion class model suitable for learners of the Korean Language Education Center.
Results A discussion teaching model that includes flipped learning into the PARTNER model, and class plan for each stage was developed. The PARTNER model includes following steps: Preparation, Assessment, Relevance, Team Activity, Nub Lecture, (Individual, Team) Evaluation and Reflection.
Conclusions Unlike previous studies, a special course model for Korean language school students is presented, but it is effective in that it can be continuous as an extension of language classes and can be adapted to undergraduate classes step by step through discussion classes before entering the university. It is also meaningful that the traditional teaching method was carried out in consideration of the learners' abilities, and it was organized so that they could be practiced systematically through three writing activities.
An Analysis of LC/RC Academic Achievement and Perception of Students Participating in TOEIC Classes Applying an Artificial Intelligence-based TOEIC Program
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kim Myunghee
Published: January 2023

Objectives This study was conducted to investigate the LC/RC academic achievement and perceptions of students participating in TOEIC classes applying an artificial intelligence (AI)-based TOEIC program at S University.
Methods For academic achievement analysis, the differences in the post-TOEIC scores of 64 and 74 students in the experimental and comparison groups, respectively, were analyzed using independent sample t-tests. To obtain more practical implications, the differences in pre and post TOEIC scores of the entire experimental group and the differences between two groups (upper & lower) which had been divided based on their pre-TOEIC scores were analyzed using paired sample t-tests. The interview data of 4 students concerning the AI-based classes were coded, classified, and categorized according to the qualitative analysis method.
Results The TOEIC score of the experimental group was higher than that of the comparison group, but this finding lacked statistical significance. The TOEIC score of the experimental group, however, improved to a statistically significant level. The analysis according to the pre-TOEIC scores showed that the total and LC scores of the upper group improved, with LC showing a significant improvement. The total and both LC and RC scores of the lower group improved significantly. In the student perception analysis, a total of 111 meaningful statements were identified, and 3 categories (‘learning experience with an AI-based TOEIC program’, ‘class using an AI-based TOEIC program’, and ‘instructor’s role in promoting AI-based learning motivation’) and 7 sub-categories were derived.
Conclusions Based on the results of the study, this study suggests utilizing AI-based TOEIC classes with Hyflex operation, implementing AI for customized LC learning for individual students, creating individual learning portfolios for RC improvement for the upper group, and for the AI program to provide detailed student-learning data to allow instructors to redesign classes effectively.
A Study on Validation of the Korean Version of Multidimensional Flourish Scale
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kim Hye Jin , Hong Hye Young
Published: January 2023

Objectives This study aims to validate WB-Pro, developed by Marsh et al. (2020) for the measurement of Flourish, in Korean.
Methods This study conducted a validation survey and analysis on a total of 624 domestic adults after The translated compled through the translation and reverse translation.
Results The results from this study can be summarized as follows: First, The multidimensional Flourish scale translated into Korean was performed exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. As a result, nine factors were derived, and the factor names were optimistic emotions, clear thinking, vitality, pro-social behavior, competence, self-acceptance, resilience, positive relationship, and emotional stability. Secondly, The validity of the multidimensional Florida scale was verified through convergence and discrimination validity, public validity, and cross validity.
Conclusions This study is significant as it provides a systematic understanding of Flourish and opens up the chances of the study of Flourish by conducting research and validating scale based on various theories and discussions.
An Investigation of Experienced and Novice Raters’ Holistic, Analytic, and Diagnostic Assessment Methods in ESL Writing
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kim Youn-Hee
Published: January 2023

Objectives This study aimed to investigate experienced and novice raters’ assessment behaviors when they used holistic, analytic, and diagnostic rating scales in ESL writing assessments. It also closed examined how the two groups of raters perceived the different rating scales.
Methods The experienced and novice rater groups consisted of five native English-speaking professors with more than three years of experience teaching and assessing ESL writing and four native English-speaking professors with less than three years of experience teaching and assessing ESL writing. Both groups of raters assessed 30 ESL compositions using the three different rating scales and completed an assessor questionnaire.
Results The findings indicated that the novice raters were more lenient in assessing ESL writing across the three rating scales. The experienced raters also showed more variance in their scores than the novice raters when they used the holistic and analytic (i.e., task fulfillment) rating scales. In contrast, the novice raters showed more variance in their scores than the experienced raters when they used the analytic (i.e., lexical and grammar) and diagnostic rating scales. While the experienced raters preferred the holistic rating scale, the novice raters preferred the analytic rating scale. Both groups liked the diagnostic rating scale the least.
Conclusions Based on these findings, this study proposes that raters should consider the assessment purpose and context and rater variability when choosing an appropriate rating scale.
An Analysis of Research Trends about Educational Policy Published in Korean Journal Articles: Focusing on Korean Journal of Educational Administration
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Lee Ki Yong
Published: January 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study is to analyze research trends targeting educational policy-related theses published in the Journal of Educational Administration, one of the Korean journals, as the subjects of analysis and to provide basic data about the future direction of research on domestic education policy based on the findings of analysis.
Methods By searching for data from the database of the Korea Education & Research Information Service and the website of the Korea Educational Administration Society, this author collected data about theses on ‘education policy’ published in the Journal of Educational Administration in systematic ways, and for final analysis, 218 theses were selected. The criteria of analysis were set as sector areas and purposes, policy processes and levels, and research methods, etc. As part of reviewing the literatures, Excel program was utilized to conduct frequency analysis and cross-tabulation analysis.
Results First, according to the results of analyzing research trends by sector areas with 218 educational policy-related theses published in Journal of Educational Administration from 2008 to 2021, elementary and secondary education, higher education, and teachers were found in order. Concerning the topics of research, free semester policy, innovative school policy, the teacher competency development & evaluation system, and principal competition system were found in order. Regarding the purposes of research, analysis on the current status and condition, political alternatives and measures for improvement, and verification and application were found in order. Second, about the trends of research in policy processes, policy evaluation, policy execution, and policy decision were found in order, and in policy levels, the national level, city/province level, and the unit school level were found in order. Third, in the trends of research regarding data collection methods, literatures, statistical data, and questionnaires were found in order, and about the forms of research, analytic research, descriptive research, and comparative research were found in order.
Conclusions Based on the above results of analyzing the trends of research on educational policy, this researcher has derived following conclusions. Major research trends are associated with the areas of elementary and secondary education, research topics of the free semester system and innovative school policy, research purposes of analysis on the current status and actual condition, processes of policy evaluation, the national level, the method of collecting literatures, and the form of analytic research. Follow-up research will have to be conducted from the perspective of broadening the range of research regarding various sector areas, research purposes, or the pursuit of diversity in the forms of research.
Formulation and Evaluation of a Turmeric Kombucha Facial Toner with Potential as an Anti-Acne Agent
Authors: Muhsinin Soni , Salsabilla Dini Zamzami , Mardhiani Yanni Dhiani , Jafar Garnadi
Published: January 2023

Propionibacterium acnes is one of the gram-positive bacteria that causes acne. Many acne treatments use synthetic drugs that have side effects. One alternative for treatment is using fermented products such as kombucha. The potential of kombucha as an anti-acne can be increased by adding turmeric during the fermentation process. The product is Turmeric Kombucha, which will be applied to the skin. The cosmetic dosage form developed is Facial Toner. The research to be carried out aims to formulate and test the activity of turmeric kombucha facial toner preparations against P.acnes bacteria. The novelties of this research include increasing the anti-acne activity of Turmeric Kombucha and the addition of Turmeric Kombucha as an active ingredient in facial toner preparations that meet the evaluation requirements, activity tests, and stability tests. The stages of the method started with Turmeric Kombucha fermentation with variations in turmeric concentration and fermentation time. The fermentation results will be tested for antibacterial activity using the paper disc diffusion method. Turmeric Kombucha, which has the highest activity, is then used as an active substance in facial toner preparations, which will be evaluated and tested for stability. The results of the evaluation of facial toner preparations, all formulas meet the requirements for organoleptic, pH, and viscosity tests. The stability test results for facial toner preparations show that F3 is a stable formula at room temperature storage and extreme temperatures. Based on the results of the irritation test, kombucha turmeric facial toner did not irritate. The antibacterial test results showed that all formulas could inhibit P.acnes bacteria with F3 as the formula with the most effective inhibition diameter of 7.33 ± 0.57 mm, then F1 and F4 6.33 ± 0.57 mm, and F2 6 ± 0 mm. This study concludes that fermented turmeric kombucha can be formulated as an anti-acne facial toner.

Keywords: paper disc diffusion, Propionibacterium acnes, facial toner, Turmeric Kombucha
In Vitro Antioxidant and Ex Vivo Anticataract Activity of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Cordia obliqua Willd
Authors: Shrivastava Arpit , Jain Harshita , Mishra Shikha , Khare Basant , Jain Prateek Kumar
Published: January 2023

Cordia obliqua has a long history of use in the treatment of cataract and other eye-related problems in Indian traditional medicine. High oxidative stress is one of the major underlying causes of cataract which results in the precipitation of natural protein present in the lenses with aging. This research has been carried out to determine the anti-cataract activity of Cordia obliqua by performing various antioxidant techniques such as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, hydrogen peroxide, ABTS radical cation and Ferric reducing antioxidant potential studies in oxidative stress–induced ex vivo cataract model. Results of the study conducted in the hydroalcoholic extract of leaves of Cordia obliqua revealed the presence of various phytoconstituents such as alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, etc. Total phenol and total flavonoid content was found to be 53 ± 3.21and 26.12 ± 2.54% respectively, which revealed that the plant contains a good amount of these compounds and hence possesses good antioxidant activity. Furthermore, IC50 values obtained from all the methods gave strong evidence regarding the antioxidant potential of this plant. Anti-cataract activity was also investigated using goat eye lenses and promising results were obtained which speak voluminously about its anti-cataract potential and support its well-prescribed use. Results obtained with this study clearly supported the significant antioxidant potential and anticataract activity of this plant. Further, this plant demands great attention for the development of suitable novel dosage forms for the effective treatment of cataract.

Keywords: Cordia obliqua, cataract, High oxidative stress
Design, Development and Characterization of Hyaluronic Acid Based pH Sensitive Liposomal In Situ Gel for the Treatment of Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca
Authors: Nagalakshmi S , Teshini Suthahar , Shoba E , Madhavan Shyam , Shilpa Suresh , Sintinya S.
Published: January 2023

The recent advances in ocular drug delivery have been successful in surpassing conventional therapy, owing to its considerable limitations. This study aims to develop and optimize in-situ liposomal ocular system to design once-daily liquid preparation to treat Keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Liposomes of Hyaluronic acid were prepared using soya lecithin by a thin film hydration method.  Eight trial formulations were made by keeping drug as fixed ratio and varying the concentration of cholesterol and soya lecithin. The optimized formulation was selected for the formulation of liposomal in-situ hydrogel. Optimization was carried out by Central Composite Design (CCD) studying the factors, amount of cholesterol and soya lecithin and its effects on the responses, % In- vitro drug release (R1) and Percent Entrapment Efficiency (% EE) (R2). The best predicted model for R1 was the Quadratic model and, for R2 was Two-Factor Interaction model (2FI) without any significant lack of fit. Optimum formulation was found to be at 1:1:4 (drug: cholesterol: soya lecithin) showed sustained drug release of 31.28% in 8 hours with highest %EE of 47.36%. Liposomal in-situ gel preparation retained better stability throughout the study period when stored at refrigerator temperature and displayed prolonged action (76.44%) when compared to liposomal formulation (68.72%).

Keywords: Liposomes, Hyaluronic acid, Optimized formulation, CCD, sustained drug release, in-situ hydrogel.
Traditional Herbal Remedies from Algeria for Treating Digestive Disorders
Authors: Djahra Ali Boutlelis , Lmhanat Iman , Benkaddour Mounia , Benkherara Salah , Laib Ibtissam , Benine Chaima
Published: January 2023

Due to their efficiency in many treatments, the employment of herbal remedies has retained its importance for leading a human life. Traditional knowledge is passed from one generation to the next, which is protected. This research aimed to analyze traditional herbal remedies used in treating digestive disorders by El-Oued people (Southeastern Algeria). The research was conducted from September 2021 to June 2022. One hundred individuals, including thirty plant vendors, were selected from different regions. Personal interviews and questionnaires were employed to collect the data. SPSS version 20 and Microsoft Office Excel 2007 were used to organize the data and conduct the descriptive statistics analysis. This investigation enabled the discovery of 40 species in 16 families and different genres. Lamiaceae, with 22.5 % plants, were the most used sources for the treatment, and 54 % of herbs were spontaneous species. The use of seeds at 21 %, dry parts at 92 % and infusion method at 48 % was most commonly used in herbal remedies preparations. The participants cited Trigonella tibetana, Juniperus communis, and Punica granatum as sources of digestive disorders treatment. El-Oued region has an extremely high number of herbal remedy species, which suggests that the region's traditional medicine serves as a source of knowledge about medicinal plants for treating digestive disorders and illnesses associated with them.

Keywords: Herbal remedies, Digestive disorders, Medicinal plants, Interviews.
MODERN TECHNOLOGIES FOR FINISHING BEARING ROLLWAYS
Authors:   Kazakhstan University of Innovation and Telecommunication Systems, BALTAEV TIMUR , ZHAZYKBAYEVA GALIYA ,   West Kazakhstan Innovation and Technological University, TURLYBAEV KHAYRAT
Published: January 2023

The most promising methods for improving the quality of the surfaces of the raceways of ball bearing rings with multipoint contact are pulse hardening ultra-sonic treatment and superfinish with an inclined abrasive bar. (Research purpose) The research purpose is studying modern technologies for improving the quality of the surfaces of the raceways of ball bearing rings with multipoint contact; to carry out mathematical modeling of the process of forming a rational geometric shape of a complex raceway surface during the application of ultrasonic treatment and superfin-ish with an inclined abrasive bar. (Materials and methods) It was noted that achieving a rational geometric shape of a complex raceway surface without the use of advanced processing devices is extremely difficult. It was determined that in the case of pulsed hardening ultrasonic treatment, the initial velocity V0 is reported to the steel ball in contact with the oscillating wall of the waveguide. Upon impact with the treated sur-face, the ball penetrates into it to a certain depth ∆сж, as a result, the surface of the treated part is exposed to a short-term compressive force Fсж. It was revealed that dur-ing the superfinish process, the workpiece rotates around its axis with an inclined abrasive bar, and an abrasive bar is pressed against the surface of the rolling track of the workpiece with force P. The oscillation axis of the bar is inclined at an angle to the axis of the workpiece. (Results and discussion) It was shown that the technologies of ultrasonic processing and superfinish with an inclined abrasive bar were tested on thrust-radial rolling bearings and ball bearings with multipoint contact. (Conclusions) In the first variant, during the smoothing process, the surface layer of the raceway of the ball bearing rings is deformed, the part and the tool are heated to higher tempera-tures, which in turn leads to rapid tool wear. In the second variant, the technology of processing the complex profile of the raceway of ball bearing rings requires special control. It is necessary to improve superfinish operations in the direction of increasing their technological capabilities.
HISTORY OF TRAINING AND PRODUCTION CENTERS OF AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITIES
Authors:   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, LYALYAKIN VALENTIN
Published: January 2023

In modern conditions, insufficient attention is paid to the issue of introducing the results of scientific departments into production. (Research purpose) The research purpose is studying the experience of creating research and production centers for the development and implementation of the results of their activities at the repair departments of educational universities.(Materials and methods) Reviewed the results of the activities of industry problem laboratories at the leading agricultural universities of the Ministry of Agriculture; individual laboratories created by VNPO "Remdetal" (NGO "Remdetal", VNIITUVid "Remdetal") at the departments of state universities. We studied in detail the results of the activities of two laboratories. (Results and discussion) It was shown that five branch laboratories were created in Soviet times for the organization of repair production, development of technological processes, which were funded by Rosselkhoznadzor. They presented a list of laboratories at the departments of educational institutions that were funded by VNPO "Remdetal" and worked according to joint plans approved by the Russian Agricultural Academy. We analyzed in detail the activities of the laboratories established at the Chelyabinsk State University and Mordovia State University. It was noted that the laboratory at the Chelyabinsk State University for five years of activity has completed five agreements on the introduction of technologies and equipment, one PhD thesis has been defended and two have been prepared for defense. The results of the activity of the scientific and production enterprise created by the laboratory No. 11 of GOSNITI in 2000 at the Department of Technical Service of the Mordovian State University were presented. This enterprise was transformed in 2021 and currently functions as a small innovative enterprise of LLC Techservice; repairs worn-out equipment for commodity producers with 100 percent of the resource for 40-50 percent of the cost of a new product, including imported units. (Conclusions) The experience of creating research and production centers at the repair departments of universities shows the effectiveness of integrating academic science with university science in the practical implementation of the results of joint research into production.
TRIBOTECHNICAL MATERIALS FOR THE MAINTENANCE OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY
Authors:   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, FEDOTOV ANATOLIY , DOROKHOV ALEKSEY , GVOZDEV ALEXANDER ,   Ivanovskaya State Agricultural Academy named after D.K. Belyaeva
Published: January 2023

Research and development of domestic artificial preventive and repair-restoration tribopreparations is an urgent task. (Research Purpose) The research purpose is evaluating the prospects for the use of boehmite as a preventive and repair-restoring additive. (Materials and methods) Nanostructured boehmite obtained by hydrothermal synthesis from industrial aluminum powders was used. The boehmite was rubbed with a surfactant and the suspension was treated by ultrasound. The D-243 diesel engine was run-in on the KI-3540-GOSNITI run-in stand and the gearbox of the mobile drilling rig. Tribotechnical studies were carried out on the friction machine model 2070 SMT-1M and on the upgraded friction machine model 77MT-1M. (Results and discussion) The working oil with the addition of boehmite reduces the time of complete running-in of the cylinder-piston group of diesel and the run-in wear. For gearbox parts, the composition containing diesel waste oil, kaolin, talc, boehmite and surfactants showed the best results. The efficiency of running-in depends not only on the physical and chemical properties of the additive components, but also on the particle size of the components and the surface roughness of the lapped parts. Tribotechnical studies have shown that the introduction of boehmite into oils reduces the friction coefficient, slows down the wear rate of resource interfaces during operation. The article presents a scheme explaining the increase in resource by reducing the running-in time and wear rate. According to many physicochemical properties (dispersion, dehydration temperature, hardness, ability to form chemical compounds and solid solutions with iron oxides, catalytic properties), boehmite is similar to serpentine, which makes it promising for repair and restoration applications. (Conclusions) Nanostructured boehmite of hydrothermal synthesis serves as an effective pre-production and preventive additive, promising and as a repair and restoration.
SIMULATION OF THE MOTION AND HEATING OF POWDER PARTICLES IN A PLASMA JET
Authors:   Voronezh State Technical University, ZHACHKIN SERGEY , PENKOV NIKITA ,   Military Educaton and Research Center of the Air Forces “Air-Force Academy named after Professor N.E. Zhukovsky and Yu.A. Gagarin”, BELYAEV ROMAN ,   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, ZADOROZHNY ROMAN
Published: January 2023

The article considers the process of applying gas-thermal composite coatings. These coatings increase the reliability of machine parts operating in aggressive environments. Powders whose particles are simple substances (metals, oxides, etc.) and mechanical mixtures serve as a widespread material for the layering of gas-thermal composite coatings. (Research purpose) The research purpose is evaluating the rational parameters of the plasma jet, as well as the size and concentration of composite inclusions to create coatings of a predefined quality. (Materials and methods) The article considers a gas jet as a model with assumptions of continuum mechanics. When writing the equations, the components of the radius vectors of the particle positions, their velocities, as well as the components of the stress tensors of the created coating are decomposed according to the bases in the Cartesian coordinate system. The article considers the behavior of a single particle when moving in a jet. It was assumed that the particle is homogeneous, has a spherical shape, the change in the shape of which was not taken into account during movement. (Results and discussion) An algorithm for the numerical solution of a system of partial differential equations was presented. For the case of using aluminum oxide particles with a diameter of 45 micrometers as a filler, the dependencies of the particle velocity on the distance traveled and temperature were described. (Conclusions) In the case of using corundum as a filler of the applied composite coating, the distance to the particle and the heating temperature of the jet were set, at which the required adhesion of the layer to the treated surface is ensured. It becomes possible to carry out controlled melting of the composite material particles. When searching for rational modes of plasma coating application, the criterion of controlled melting of composite material particles was used, which ensures the required adhesion of the coating to the treated surface and creates compressive residual stresses in the formed layer.
Radioligand therapy with 177Lu-DOTA-PSMA in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Pharmacokinetics, safety, antitumour efficacy
Authors: Krylov V. V. , Legkodimova N. S. , Kochetova T. Yu. , Petriev V. M. , Sigov M. A. , Tishchenko V. K. , Pronin A. I. , Shurinov A. Yu. , Petrosyan K. M. , Spichenkova O. N. , Karyakin O. B. , Biryukov V. A. , Stepanenko V. F. , Vlasova O. P. , Shegaj P. V. , Ivanov S. A. , Kaprin A. D.
Published: January 2023

INTRODUCTION: The results of studies of clinical potential of a new domestic radiopharmaceutical 177Lu-DOTA-PSMA in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer are presented in this article.

OBJECTIVE: The pharmacokinetics, safety and tolerability of radiopharmaceutical were studied. Tolerability of increasing activities — 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 GBq was investigated.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 12 patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, who progressed after previous treatment. The first 4 patients was treated by 5 GBq of 177Lu DOTA-PSMA, the next 4 patients of the second group was treated by 7.5 GBq, and the 4 patients of the third group was treated by 10 GBq. Radiopharmacokinetics was studied by whole-body scintigraphy, SPECT/CT, blood and urine radiometry. The radiation-absorbed dose (RAD) of metastases and organs at risk was studied by clinical dosimetry. Safety assessment also was studied by hematological status. All patients was taken a complete blood count, a biochemical blood test before course of therapy treatable and during the case study.

RESULTS: Study data showed high accumulation of 177Lu-DOTA-PSMA the in pathological focus, the distribution in the body conformed to the previous data of PET/CT study. Blood radiometry showed that 177Lu-DOTA-PSMA rapidly excreted from the bloodstream (during the first hours after injection). Urine radiometry showed that, more than half of the injected dose was excreted during 2 days (from 34.4% to 88.8%).

DISCUSSION: During the study was solicited increasing of pain syndrome, dry mouth. Most patients had moderate myelosuppression. Changes in hematological parameters had a transistor character, the adverse event resolved without consequences in 5 week. 4th grade of NCI CTCAE hematological toxicity criteria wasn’t identified. Serious adverse events weren’t identified too.

CONCLUSIONS: Radiopharmaceutical demonstrated high affinity for tumor tissue and safety in the clinical use. Data, which demonstrating a high potential anti-tumor efficacy of radiopharmaceutical, were obtained. Dosimetric studies showed radiation safety of work with radiopharmaceutical for the personnel.
Quantum Tokens for Digital Signatures
Authors: Ben-David Shalev , Sattath Or
Published: January 2023

The fisherman caught a quantum fish. "Fisherman, please let me go", begged the fish, "and I will grant you three wishes". The fisherman agreed. The fish gave the fisherman a quantum computer, three quantum signing tokens and his classical public key. The fish explained: "to sign your three wishes, use the tokenized signature scheme on this quantum computer, then show your valid signature to the king, who owes me a favor".
The fisherman used one of the signing tokens to sign the document "give me a castle!" and rushed to the palace. The king executed the classical verification algorithm using the fish's public key, and since it was valid, the king complied.
The fisherman's wife wanted to sign ten wishes using their two remaining signing tokens. The fisherman did not want to cheat, and secretly sailed to meet the fish. "Fish, my wife wants to sign ten more wishes". But the fish was not worried: "I have learned quantum cryptography following the previous story (The Fisherman and His Wife by the brothers Grimm). The quantum tokens are consumed during the signing. Your polynomial wife cannot even sign four wishes using the three signing tokens I gave you".
"How does it work?" wondered the fisherman. "Have you heard of quantum money? These are quantum states which can be easily verified but are hard to copy. This tokenized quantum signature scheme extends Aaronson and Christiano's quantum money scheme, which is why the signing tokens cannot be copied".
"Does your scheme have additional fancy properties?" the fisherman asked. "Yes, the scheme has other security guarantees: revocability, testability and everlasting security. Furthermore, if you're at sea and your quantum phone has only classical reception, you can use this scheme to transfer the value of the quantum money to shore", said the fish, and swam away.
Generation of highly retrievable atom photon entanglement with a millisecond lifetime via a spatially multiplexed cavity
Authors: Wang Minjie , Wang Shengzhi , Ma Tengfei , Li Ya , Xie Yan , Jiao Haole , Liu Hailong , Li Shujing , Wang Hai
Published: January 2023

Qubit memory that is entangled with photonic qubit is the building block for long distance quantum repeaters. Cavity enhanced and long lived spin wave photon entanglement has been demonstrated by applying dual laser beams onto optical-lattice atoms. However, owing to cross readouts by two beams, retrieval efficiency of spin wave qubit is decreased by one quarter compared to that of single mode spin wave at all storage times. Here, by coupling cold atoms to two modes of a polarization interferometer based cavity, we achieve perfect qubit retrieval in cavity enhanced and long lived atom photon entanglement. A write laser beam is applied onto cold atoms, we then create a magnetic field insensitive spin wave qubit that is entangled with the photonic qubit encoded onto two arms of the interferometer. The spin wave qubit is retrieved by a read beam, which avoids the cross readouts. Our experiment demonstrates 540μs storage time at 50% intrinsic qubit retrieval efficiency, which is 13.5 times longer than the best reported result.