bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Low PAPR Filtered OFDM using Modified Selective Mapping
Authors: Hardik B. Tank
Published: May 2024

Wireless Communication has been witnessing generational change in the span of eight to ten years since it came in existence. From generation 1G to 3G and from 4G to 5G the telecommunication world has seen significant improvements along with enhanced performance with every passing year. The objective of research is to comprehensive study of Filtered Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (F-OFDM) as a promising waveform option for fifth-generation (5G) communications, distinguished by its capacity to suppress out-of-band emission (OOBE) and accommodate asynchronous transmission. Though there are many advantages but the challenge of a high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) among new waveform candidates can’t be ignored. To address this problem, the selective mapping technique is used as a key method to alleviate the elevated PAPR trend within multicarrier systems. This research put emphasis on applying selective mapping technique to overcome the high PAPR values in an F-OFDM system with different windowed filters such as kaiser, Nuttles blackman harris and Root raised cousine followed by a proposed Modified Selective mapping technique for further improved performance in terms of PAPR for the Filtered OFDM for different window functions in comparison with the conventional OFDM system, SLM F-OFDM system. Furthermore, PAPR performance is evaluated for all the three-system using the different window techniques analyzed for both systems, both with and without the SLM technique and Modified SLM technique to mitigate the PAPR disadvantage of the Filtered OFDM system. Simulation results underscore that F-OFDM enhanced by SLM and MSLM outperforms OFDM across PAPR.
Egészségértés a magánegészségügyben
Authors: Kiss András
Published: May 2024

Az egészség, illetve az egészségben eltöltött évek száma a fejlett országokban az életminőség egyik alapvető attribútumaként jelenik meg. Mindeközben a demográfiai válság és a technológiai fejlődés egyre drágábbá teszi az ellátórendszerek működtetését, ezért világszerte keresik azokat az eszközöket és módszereket, melyekkel hatékonyságnövelést lehet elérni. A kommunikáció egyértelműen ilyen eszköz, aminek sikerességét jelentősen befolyásolja a páciensek egészségértési szintje, melyben mindenütt hatalmas eltérések mutatkoznak a népességen belül, ami nagy kihívást jelent a gyógyítási folyamat hatékonysága szempontjából. Jelen cikkemben javaslatot teszek arra vonatkozóan, hogyan lehet megismerni és felhasználni a páciensek egészségértési szintjét mind az intézményi mind az orvos-beteg kommunikáció során.
A MENTÁLIS EGÉSZSÉG FELMÉRÉSE AZ EGÉSZSÉGFEJLESZTÉSI GYAKORLATBAN
Authors: Szente-Hajnal Anita , Bagi Anett , Móczár Csaba
Published: May 2024

A javuló életfeltételek ellenére a nyugati társadalmakban a mentális panaszok egyre nagyobb mértékben fordulnak elő, a magyar lakosság lelki-mentális állapota pedig nemzetközi viszonylatban is kedvezőtlen. A mentális egészség előfeltétele a jóllétnek, önmagunk ellátásához és a másokkal történő megfelelő interakcióhoz egyformán szükséges. A Kecskeméti Egészségfejlesztési Iroda feladati közé tartozik az ellátási területén élő lakosok lelki egészségének védelme, annak érdekében azonban, hogy a különböző programokat a valós igényekhez igazítsa, fontos tisztában lenni az aktuális mentális egészségi állapotukkal. Jelen felmérés célja az volt, hogy megtaláljuk ehhez azt a módszert, aminek segítségével hatékonyan mérhetjük a vizsgált populáció lelki egészségi állapotát. Az alkalmazott Mentális Egészség Teszt megfelelőnek bizonyult. A tisztán online vizsgálat mellett tableten történő kitöltési lehetőséget is biztosítottunk bizonyos rendezvényeinken, ahol a résztvevők személyes találkozás alkalmával, az Egészségfejlesztési Iroda mentálhigiénés szakemberével történő egyéni beszélgetés keretében válaszolhatták meg a kérdéseket, így szükség esetén célzott, azonnali segítségnyújtásra is lehetőség volt. A tapasztalatok alapján a Kecskemét Járási Egészségfejlesztési Iroda a jövőben is folytatja a Mentális Egészség Teszt használatát a járás településein a lakosság körében különböző színtereken, kiemelten fókuszálva a mentálisan veszélyeztetett csoportokra.
Secondary use of helath data in EU: Exploring the legal challenges of the upcoming European Health Data Space Reguation in light of the findings of the TEHDAS project
Authors: Davidovics Krisztina , Kovács Réka , Gaál Péter András
Published: May 2024

Arguably, big data, data processing with advanced ICT solutions and data sharing were accelerated during the end of the 2010s, also fuelled by the COVID-19 pandemic. This latter can be reasonably considered a booster in health care for data-driven digital solutions and regulations, which led to issues concerning both primary and secondary use of digital (electronic) health data. There is an ongoing and comprehensive regulatory effort within the European Union to address the evoked challenges. Regarding the healthcare sector, the European Health Data Space Regulation can be considered a flagship legislation. The main ambition of the European Commission is, on the one hand, to create a common space where natural persons can easily control their electronic health data and, on the other hand, to make it possible for researchers, innovators and policymakers to use these health data sets for common societal purposes in a trusted and secure way based on a specific cross-border digital infrastructure. A European Union project, the Joint Action Towards the European Health Data Space (TEHDAS) has been initiated to support the establishment of the EHDS as regards the secondary use of data. Our analysis identified two important topics: legislative barriers to the secondary use of health data and challenges for citizens’ empowerment, including data altruism. The legal complexity of the ongoing strategic legislative initiatives within the EU poses several challenges for future application. Firstly, there can be a terminological issue based on the lack of a common definition of secondary use of data. Secondly, the regulation of the Member States adjusted to their national health and data utilisation systems can be diverse. Both of these may hinder the desired EU-level harmonisation regarding data-sharing. In this context, the division of regulatory competencies related to health care and the chosen legal basis can be decisive. Overall, the EHDS might be a regulation that can challenge the current legal paradigm of competence distribution among the EU and the Member States regarding digital transition, including data usage in health care. As for the citizens’ empowerment, the goal of an EU-wide ecosystem of health data utilisation requires individuals who are aware of the economic value of their health data and, via practising altruism, want to use these data also for the common good. Specific provisions of the EHDS, such as the right to data portability or the option for opt-out, are definitely for the empowerment of citizens. But, these can also reduce the potential health care-related benefits of data utilisation at both, individual and population level. Altogether, a concert of requirements should be fulfilled for meaningful citizens’ participation, engagement, and practice of data altruism, supported by the complex interplay of the relevant regulations.
Transcriptome RNA-Seq Analysis of Normal and Keratoconus Corneal Epithelium
Authors: Fatma Hassan Boshahma  , Muna Salem M. Solyman  , Manir Ali  , Euan Andrew McDonnel  , Monder Wail Elhawari  , Abeer Hussein Amer
Published: May 2024

Background: Keratoconus (KTCN) is a progressive eye condition characterised by thin, misshapen corneas arising in the teens or early twenties, and can cause visual disability. While this can be corrected with glasses or contact lenses, collagen cross-linking of the cornea slows disease progression. In advanced disease, patients undergo transplantation of the corneal epithelial layer with normal donor tissue. The cause of KTCN is unknown, but there is evidence for both environmental and genetic bases. Material and Methods: RNA-Seq data from published work by Kabza et al., 2017, was used to investigate the pathology of cornea tissue, analysing twenty-five KTCN and twenty-five non-KTCN samples from RNA-seq experiments. Principal component analysis plots were used to identify how characteristics impact development of keratoconus. Results: The findings show that KTCN is more common in teenagers and young adults, and all 25 KTCN samples were for individuals under 30 years old. Principal component analysis also showed that approximately 35% of samples were from individuals who rubbed their eyes. It also showed that KTCN is more common in males, representing over 65% of samples. Differential expression analysis of RNA-sequencing data was used to identify differentially expressed genes, downregulated genes were found to be enriched in many pathways, including cytokinecytokine receptor interaction pathways, and played a role in keratoconus development. Conclusion: Upregulated genes were enhanced in six pathways, including the peroxisome pathway. A potential relation was found between defects in peroxisome and keratoconus development. Overexpression of peroxisome genes increases phytanic acid levels, and causes Zellweger spectrum, affecting the cornea and potentially leading to keratoconus.
Letter from the Editor-in-Chief
Authors: Kalicki Bolesław
Published: May 2024

list
Towards Integrated Care for the Elderly: Exploring the Acceptability of Telemonitoring for Hypertension and Type 2 Diabetes Management
Authors: Mihevc Matic , Lukančič Majda Mori , Zavrnik Črt , Virtič Potočnik Tina , Šter Marija Petek , Klemenc-Ketiš Zalika , Susič Antonija Poplas
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Telemonitoring has been proposed as an effective method to support integrated care for older people with hypertension and type 2 diabetes. This paper examines acceptability of telemontioring, its role in supporting integrated care, and identifies scale-up barriers.
Methods: A concurrent triangulation mixed-methods study, including in-depth interviews (n = 29) and quantitative acceptability tool (n = 55) was conducted among individuals who underwent a 12-month telemonitoring routine. The research was guided by the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability. Interviews were analysed using template content analysis (TCA).
Results: TCA identified seven domains of acceptability, with twenty-one subthemes influencing it positively or negatively. In the quantitative survey, acceptability was high across all seven domains with an overall score of 4.4 out of 5. Urban regions showed higher acceptability than rural regions (4.5 vs. 4.3), with rural participants perceiving initial training and participation effort as significantly more burdensome than their urban counterparts.
Discussion: Patients described several instances where telemonitoring supported self-management, education, treatment, and identification elements of the integrated care package. However, there were barriers that may limit its further scale-up.
Conclusion: For further scale-up, it is important to screen patients for monitoring eligibility, adapt telemonitoring devices to elderly needs, combine telemonitoring with health education, involve family members, and establish follow-up programmes.
EMIL – entdeckend mathematische Inhalte lernen mit dem Hamster Emil
Authors: Plank Ruth , Musilek Monika
Published: May 2024

Dieser Artikel ist ein Plädoyer für entdeckendes Lernen im Mathematikunterricht der Primarstufe. Anand des praktischen Beispiels der Lernumgebung „Werkstatt, Wolkenkratzer, Luftschlösser: Komm wir bauen!” wird die dringende Notwendigkeit, den Mathematikunterricht handelnd zu gestalten, unterstrichen. Es wird die Vorbereitung, der Einsatz im Unterricht und eine Möglichkeit gemeinsame Kommunikationsanlässe in der Klasse zu gestalten, vorgestellt. Gleichzeitig wird eine eigenständige Planung von mathematischen Lernumgebungen angeregt. Ziel ist ein Mathematikunterricht, der von den Schüler*innen individuell erlebt wird. Eigenes Hantieren und Handeln ist gefragt. Ganzheitliches Erfahren und Erkennen soll ermöglicht werden. Die Schüler*innen ziehen aus diesen Erfahrungen Rückschlüsse auf bereits Erlerntes. Der Erkenntnisgewinn erfolgt über das Zusammenführen einzelner Teilergebnisse. Der Prozess bietet zahlreiche Kommunikationsanlässe, womit der im Lehrplan geforderten Förderung personaler und sozialer Kompetenzen Rechnung getragen wird.
Rezension von: Schwedt, Elke, Volkskunst und Kunstgewerbe
Authors: Schumm Karl , Schwedt Elke
Published: May 2024

Elke Schwedt: Volkskunst und Kunstgewerbe. Überlegungen zu einer Neuorientierung der Volkskunstforschung (Volksleben Band 28.) 1970. DM 15,40
Rezension von: Dünninger, Josef; Schemmel, Bernhard, Bildstöcke und Martern in Franken
Authors: Hampele Walter , Dünninger Josef , Schemmel Bernhard
Published: May 2024

Josef Dünninger, Bernhard Schemmel: Bildstöcke und Martern in Franken. Würzburg: Stürtz 1970. 216 S., davon 80 S. Bildtafeln.
Rezension von: Reuter, Fritz (Hrsg.), Der Reichstag zu Worms von 1521
Authors: Ulshöfer Kuno , Reuter Fritz
Published: May 2024

Der Reichstag zu Worms von 1521. Reichspolitik und Luthersache. Im Auftrag der Stadt Worms zum 450. Jahresgedenken hrsg. von Fritz Reuter. Worms 1972. 512 S., 48 Abb.
Rezension von: Franz, Gunther, Die Kirchenleitung in Hohenlohe in den Jahrzehnten nach der Reformation
Authors: Schumm Karl , Franz Gunther
Published: May 2024

Gunther Franz: Die Kirchenleitung in Hohenlohe in den Jahrzehnten nach der Reformation. Visitation, Konsistorium, Kirchenzucht und die Festigung des landesherrschaftlichen Kirchenregiments 1556-1568. 168 S., Stuttgart, Calwer Verlag. DM 1980.
Rezension von: Kofler, Rainer, Der Summepiskopat des katholischen Landesfürsten in Württemberg
Authors: Wunder Gerd , Kofler Rainer
Published: May 2024

Rainer Kofler : Der Summepiskopat des katholischen Landesfürsten in Württemberg. (Schriften zur südwestdeutschen Landeskunde Bd. 10) - Stuttgart: Müller & Gräff 1972. 157 S., DM 15,-.
Rezension von: Oldenhage, Klaus, Kurfürst Erzherzog Maximilian Franz als Hoch- und Deutschmeister
Authors: Ulshöfer Kuno , Oldenhage Klaus
Published: May 2024

Klaus Oldenhage : Kurfürst Erzherzog Maximilian Franz als Hoch- und Deutschmeister (1780-1801). Quellen und Studien zur Geschichte des Deutschen Ordens Band 34. Bad Godesberg 1969. 427 S. Ill.
Rezension von: Fechenbach, Hermann, Die letzten Mergentheimer Juden und die Geschichte der Familien Fechenbach
Authors: Wunder Gerd , Fechenbach Hermann
Published: May 2024

Hermann Fechenbach : Die letzten Mergentheimer Juden und die Geschichte der Familie Fechenbach. Mit Holzschnitten. Stuttgart: Kohlhammer 1972, 216 S. Ill., DM 28,-
Rezension von: Nothnagel, Karl, Staufische Architektur in Gelnhausen und Worms
Authors: Grünenwald Elisabeth , Nothnagel Karl
Published: May 2024

Karl Nothnagel : Staufische Architektur in Gelnhausen und Worms. Bearbeitet von Fritz Arens. (Schriften zur staufischen Geschichte und Kunst Bd. 1. Hg. Gesellschaft der Freunde staufischer Geschichte in Göppingen.) Göppingen: Kümmerle 1971. 167 S. 64 Taf., zahlreiche Zeichnungen im Text.
Rezension von: Hofmann, Hans Hubert, Herzogenaurach
Authors: Wunder Gerd , Hofmann Hanns Hubert
Published: May 2024

Hans Hubert Hofmann : Herzogenaurach. Die Geschichte eines Grenzraumes in Franken. (Schriften des Instituts für fränkische Landesforschung Hist. Reihe Bd. 2.) Nürnberg 1950. 217 S.
Rezension von: Sauer, Paul, Affalterbach 972 - 1972
Authors: Wunder Gerd , Sauer Paul
Published: May 2024

Paul Sauer : Affalterbach. 972-1972. Weg und Schicksal einer Gemeinde in 1000 Jahren. Affalterbach: 1972. 431 S., 104 Abb., DM 18,-.
Rezension von: 650jähriges Jubiläum der Pfarrkirche St. Johann Baptist zu Altkrautheim
Authors: Wunder Gerd
Published: May 2024

650jähriges Jubiläum der Pfarrkirche St. Johann Baptist zu Altkrautheim. 1322-1972. 76 S. Ill.
Rezension von: von Pölnitz, Götz, Anton Fugger Bd. 3 Teil I
Authors: Wunder Gerd , Pölnitz Götz von
Published: May 2024

Götz Freiherr von Pölnitz: Anton Fugger. 3. Band. Teil I. 1548-1554. (Schwäbische Forschungsgemeinschaft 4, 13, 22). Tübingen: Mohr 1971, 769 S. DM 80,-
Rezension von: Günther, Gerhard, Ich denke der alten Zeit, der vorigen Jahre
Authors: Wunder Gerd , Günther Gerhard
Published: May 2024

Gerhard Günther: Ich denke der alten Zeit der vorigen Jahre. Agnes Günther in Briefen, Erinnerungen, Berichten. Stuttgart: Steinkopf 1972, 552 S. DM 29,-.
Rezension von: Troll, Thaddäus, Preisend mit viel schönen Reden
Authors: Wunder Gerd , Troll Thaddäus
Published: May 2024

Thaddäus Troll : Preisend mit viel schönen Reden. (Deutschland deine Schwaben für Fortgeschrittene.) Hamburg: Hoffmann und Campe 1972. 247 S. Ill. (v. Günter Schöllkopf.) DM 17,80
Rezension von: Lobe, Jochen (Hrsg.), Ortstermin Bayreuth oder 33 Selbsterlebensbeschreibungen, Stadtbesichtigungen, Stadtbezichtigungen
Authors: Wunder Gerd , Lobe Jochen
Published: May 2024

Ortstermin Bayreuth. Hrsg. v. Verband Fränkischer Schriftsteller, (Plural 3) Kirchberg a. J.: Wettin-Verlag 1971. 88 S. DM 9,80
Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Information Quality
Authors: Yan Shan
Published: May 2024

Corporate social responsibility has gained increasing popularity among managers and investors. Many firms commit significant resources and consider CSR as a part of their long-term strategic plan. Whether corporate social responsibility affects corporate financial information quality has been an important question. Using a big sample of corporations in the U.S., I study the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and corporate financial information quality. I find a significant and positive relationship between CSR and financial information quality. This relationship is robust to potential endogeneity concerns. These findings have important implications for financial disclosure, CSR, and corporate strategy.
Assessing the Access and Affordability of Mental Healthcare Services for Adolescents in the United States
Authors: Soccio Eliana
Published: May 2024

Adolescent mental health is a worsening crisis in the United States. Adding to the problem is the ability of parents and caregivers to find timely and affordable mental healthcare services for this population, one that is vulnerable to suicide, substance abuse and other devastating outcomes due to mental health issues. This research project evaluates the access and affordability of outpatient mental healthcare services for adolescents in the U.S., as well as possible causes and solutions for identified mental healthcare delivery issues. An anonymous survey developed by the author was distributed and completed specifically by parents and caregivers in the U.S., who have sought mental healthcare services for adolescents between 10-19 years of age. Survey results indicate that there are indeed problems within the insurance and medical professional industry with regard to parity between timely and affordable access to mental healthcare services compared to services for physical medical healthcare for adolescents. This causes additional stress for parents and caregivers seeking critical help for their children, while the child’s mental health status declines during this time. One could argue that ethically, access to mental healthcare should not be any more difficult or costly to families than access to physical medical healthcare.
Análisis de los riesgos sistémicos cíclicos en España y de su mitigación mediante requerimientos de capital bancario contracíclicos
Authors: Estrada Ángel , Pérez Montes Carlos , Abad Jorge , Broto Carmen , Cáceres Esther , Ferrer Alejandro , Abad Jorge , Ganics Gergely , García Villasur Javier , Hurtado Samuel , Lavín Nadia , Marbet Joël , Martorell Enric , Martínez-Miera David , Molina Ana , Pablos Irene , Pérez-Quirós Gabriel
Published: May 2024

Este documento presenta un conjunto amplio de análisis para, en primer lugar, identificar el nivel de los riesgos sistémicos cíclicos en España y calibrar su impacto sobre la solvencia del sistema bancario y, adicionalmente, valorar los costes y beneficios del uso contracíclico de los requerimientos de capital bancario. La primera parte del análisis se sustenta en una utilización integrada de indicadores, junto con otra información cuantitativa y cualitativa, y en la combinación de modelos de proyección macroeconómica y pruebas de resistencia para calibrar impactos. La segunda parte del análisis se aborda con modelos de regresiones cuantílicas aplicados a datos europeos, modelos de serie temporal bajo enfoque bayesiano aplicados a datos de España, y con un modelo teórico de equilibrio general. El análisis integrado para el seguimiento de riesgos sistémicos cíclicos muestra la importancia de un enfoque holístico que monitorice las distintas dimensiones de estos riesgos, mientras que la calibración de impactos muestra que la materialización leve o intermedia de los mismos también implica un consumo de capital relevante para el sector bancario. Las distintas metodologías aplicadas para el análisis de coste-beneficio encuentran resultados favorables, en términos de crecimiento del PIB y del crédito, de la activación de requerimientos de capital liberables en situaciones en las que los riesgos sistémicos cíclicos son intermedios y elevados y, de forma destacada, de su liberación en fases cíclicas adversas.
Scholarly Activism for the Rule of Law in the EU
Authors: Cebulak Pola
Published: May 2024

The engagement, or even activism, of scholars promoting the rule of law has been celebrated recently in the European Union (EU). But how often do we reflect on its risks? This self- reflection paper focuses on three cautionary tales of the mobilization of legal scholars for the rule of law in the EU. As scholars, our political or public engagement risks reinforcing the center-periphery dynamics of European legal expertise, if carried out without involving the affected communities. Further, it risks reinforcing the critiques of judicial activism, if it focuses on the institutional independence of the courts rather than the substance of their rulings. Finally, it even risks reinforcing illiberal narratives more generally, if the scholarly interventions do not manage the difficult task of legitimizing the proposed liberal solutions. This does not mean that scholars should refrain from social activism. This reflection is rather meant to reinforce the professional ethics and moral awareness of academics when mobilizing against illiberal reforms and narratives.
THE USE OF REFLEXIVE EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE FORMATION OF COGNITIVE AND METACOGNITIVE STRATEGIES
Authors: Шестакова Л.С.
Published: May 2024

Современные темпы развития общества ставят перед системой образования новые требования: подготовку высококлассных специалистов, способных с помощью механизмов рефлексии быстро и качественно решать поставленные задачи. О том, как человек мыслит, рассуждает, действует в той или иной ситуации, большую роль играют когнитивные и метакогнитивные стратегии. Формирование познавательных (когнитивных) и регулятивных универсальных учебных действий, направленных на метакогнитивную регуляцию деятельности обучающихся, включены в Перечень планируемых результатов обучения, отраженных в Федеральных образовательных стандартах. Для достижения этой цели предлагается использовать рефлексивные образовательные технологи. Автор, изучив психолого-педагогическую литературу, сформулировал критерии разработки и внедрения в образовательный процесс указанных технологий, а также выделил ряд правил организации учебного процесса, способствующих успешному формированию когнитивных и метакогнитивных стратегии образовательных действий обучающихся.

The rapid pace of social development makes it necessary for the education system to train highly qualified professionals who are able to solve tasks efficiently by means of reflective mechanisms. Cognitive and metacognitive strategies play an important role in the way an individual thinks, makes decisions and acts in specific situations. The Federal Educational Standards include in the List of planned learning outcomes the formation of cognitive and regulatory universal educational actions aimed at metacognitive regulation of students' activities. Reflective educational technologies are proposed to achieve this goal. After studying the psychological and pedagogical literature, the author formulated criteria for developing and introducing technologies into the educational process. Additionally, the author highlighted rules for organizing the educational process that contribute to the successful formation of cognitive and metacognitive strategies for students' educational actions.
Narratives of mother-athletes in “Eco-Challenge”: the world’s toughest race
Authors: Duarte e Silva Fabiana , Mourão Ludmila , Novais Mariana Cristina Borges , Chaves Bruna Silveira , Pires Bárbara Aparecida Bepler
Published: May 2024

This study analyzes the narratives of mother-athletes participating in the "World's Toughest Race" competition, a reality show that documents a five-day adventure race (AR) held in 2019 in Fiji. AR is characterized as a continuous and long-lasting multi-sport competition. The analysis of the narratives leads us to reflect on the underlying social dynamics, particularly the impact of the patriarchal model on the mothers’ experience. The results indicate that many of them feel overwhelmed, isolated, devalued and deprived of time for training, facing feelings of guilt when they dedicate themselves to sporting activities.This article proposes a critical reflection on these issues, highlighting the necessity to reassess social expectations regarding mothers who engage in high-performance sports.
Frequency and pattern of acute kidney injury in patients with acute stroke
Authors: Ogbimi Ewere Marie  , Ucho Ejiroghene Christline  , Awunor Nyemike Simeon  , Okoye Ogochukwu Chinedum
Published: May 2024

Background and objective: Stroke is a severe disease of the nervous system resulting in disability and death of the affected individual. Acute kidney injury (AKI) which is a clinical syndrome due to sudden renal function decline is considered as an important factor that increases fatality following a stroke. Thus, this study was conducted to determine the frequency and pattern of AKI in stroke patients and the outcome of patients with stroke and AKI. Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study, carried out at the Delta State University Teaching Hospital (DELSUTH), Oghara, Delta state, which is a public tertiary health institution in Delta state in a semi-urban area in southern Nigeria. Results: The mean age of patients was 58.9 ± 14.2 years. Slightly above half (53.7%) of the patients were males. Haemorrhagic stroke was the most common type of stroke. Hypertension was the most frequent co-morbid condition (59.0%). Twenty (14.9%) had acute kidney injury, of which stage one AKI was the most dominant (75.0%). Majority of the patients (79.9%) survived. Having sepsis was a significant factor associated with the presence of AKI. None of the clinical characteristics was associated with outcome of patients. Conclusion: The frequency of AKI in stroke patients was 14.9%, with majority of the patients presenting with stage 1 AKI. Presence of sepsis was a significant risk factor for development of AKI in patients with acute stroke, while hypertension was the most prevalent comorbid condition in patients with acute stroke, thus the need for continuous screening of stroke patients for hypertension.
Formulation and evaluation of toothpaste for sensitivity
Authors: Yogesh kumar dewangan  , Vikas dewangan  , Chirag jain  , Nikita Sinha  , Bhumika chandrakar
Published: May 2024

Toothpastes are complex mixtures of abrasives and surfactants; anticaries agents, such as fluoride; tartar control ingredients; pH buffers; humectants (to prevent dry-out and increase the pleasant mouth feel); and binders, to provide consistency an shape. Binders keep the solid phase properly suspended in the liquid phase to prevent to the separation of the liquid phase out of the toothpaste. The dental paste preparations of clove oil tooth paste are designed using different bases for treatment of gingivitis and properties and other dental plaque. During our physicochemical evaluation studies, all the formulations were found to have PH, good tube extrudability, good spread ability and viscosity characteristics. In the current context of oral dental care, the use of toothpaste containing natural ingredients are more widely accepted in public belief than chemical-based formulations for safety and efficacy in reducing tooth decay, and preventing other dental problems that this generation is prone to. It's usually a toothpaste-used product used by all people. Toothpaste is usually used to clean tooth enamel and mouth It is also used to solve many email problems. Many dentists recommend applying toothpaste to treat diseases such as sensitivity, chronic gingivitis, etc toothpastes are used in the treatment of gum disease, bad breath, dry mouth, periodontal damage, tartar, and dental caries. To develop a stable and functionally effective toothpaste, eliminating all synthetic additives that are usually included in such Formulation is an important task. Herbal toothpastes have received a lot of attention for reducing gingivitis.Studies show mixed results about the effectiveness of these toothpastes.
Integrating Internet of Things Technologies for Dynamic Sustainability in Architectural Design
Authors: Shareef Sardar Sulaiman , Rauf Hozan Latif
Published: May 2024

The application of Internet of Things (IoT) technology is a significant step toward improving the sustainability and responsiveness of the built environment. The current work introduces the Adaptive and Sustainable IoT Integration Model (ASIIM), a novel framework designed to enhance the dynamic sustainability and adaptation of IoT in architecture in order to maximize its potential. Through a comprehensive review of the literature, this study analyzes the current state of IoT applications in architectural professions, highlighting the key benefits of IoT in improving building performance, occupant comfort, and energy efficiency. The ASIIM framework emerges as a comprehensive approach that encompasses key strategies for combining user interface systems, sustainability measures, IoT-enabled adaptive features, and fundamental design principles in order to promote a more responsive and sustainable architecture design. The paper identifies key obstacles to IoT integration, such as interoperability, data protection, and device sustainability, and offers collaborative ways to overcome them. The findings demonstrate the transformative potential of IoT in architecture, suggesting a future in which buildings will become dynamic systems that can adapt to the needs of both the surrounding environment and their occupants rather than static structures. This study contributes to the expanding body of knowledge on sustainable architecture by offering insights and a theoretical foundation for further study and practice in the integration of IoT technology in architectural design.
ARBITRATION UNDER THE AFRICA CONTINENTAL FREE TRADE AGREEMENT: STRENGTHENING TRADE DISPUTE RESOLUTION IN AFRICA
Authors: Madaki Agbo Johnson
Published: May 2024

The Africa Continental Free Trade Agreement (AfCFTA) represents a groundbreaking effort to promote regional economic integration and trade facilitation within the African continent. The agreement was adopted by African Union member States in March 2018, and after the ratification process was completed by the required number of countries, it entered into force on May 30, 2019. With the operationalization of the AfCFTA, disputes among member States and other parties are inevitable. To ensure effective resolution of these disputes, the AfCFTA – Dispute Settlement Mechanism Protocol offers three broad dispute resolution options. This article explores the arbitration provisions under the AfCFTA, evaluates their potential strengths, challenges, and offers recommendations for strengthening the arbitration framework within the trade agreement. Capacity-building initiatives will empower stakeholders to engage effectively in arbitration proceedings, while promoting diversity and inclusivity in arbitrator appointments will instill confidence in the fairness of the process. Increased transparency and public awareness will foster trust and wider utilization of arbitration, while collaboration with established arbitration institutions will enrich the AfCFTA dispute resolution practices.
THE RIGHT TO ONLINE DATA PROTECTION OF CHILDREN: EXAMINING THE ADEQUACY OF THE LEGAL FRAMEWORKS TO COMBAT CHILD ONLINE DATA BREACHES IN NIGERIA
Authors: Iyoha-Osagie Thummim , George Orji Ikechukwu
Published: May 2024

With the rise of digital technology and massive migration to the internet for daily activities, personal data of children is being breached on a large scale by schools, government, online platforms and even parents. It has been estimated that approximately one in three users of the Internet worldwide are under the age of eighteen. In addition to being increasingly active online, children also continue to depend on the Internet for a variety of uses such as play, communication and education. This implies that data belonging to children are frequently being collected through the use of gadgets, applications, and websites, and are sometimes sold or used for criminal activities. Several guidelines regarding children's online data protection have emerged globally such as the United States’ Children's Online Privacy Protection Rule ("COPPA"), United Kingdom’s ICO Children's Code (or Age Appropriate Design Code), and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). However, there was no adequate provision for the protection of children’s data in Nigeria until the enactment of the Nigeria Data Protection Act which is a step in the right direction, but is not without its flaws. This paper seeks to determine the adequacy of the legal frameworks generally in Nigeria to deal with child data breaches. It takes a comparative approach by analysing several legal frameworks in other jurisdictions, and proffers recommendations including amendment of legislations, online safety measures and awareness, privacy and data protection by design approaches for companies and adequate parental control measures.
Cultivo irrigado de beterraba em solo salino sódico sob aplicação foliar de rejeito de caulim
Authors: Santos Joelson Souza Isidro dos , Silva André Alisson Rodrigues da , Nóbrega Anna Rebeca Silva , Lima Mayra Gislayne Melo de , Araújo Maria Sallydelândia de Farias , Silva Viviane Farias , Paiva João Pedro de Andrade , Souza Thaimara Ramos Angelino de , Nóbrega Pedro Ivo Silva da , Gouveia Deyzi Santos , Costa Maria Viviane Palmeira da
Published: May 2024

O processo de salinização de solos tem como consequência a baixa produtividade de culturas cultivadas nessas áreas degradadas. Nesse contexto, é imprescindível a aplicação de medidas remediadoras que contribuem com o desenvolvimento dessas culturas, proporcionando a diminuição dos efeitos negativos provocados por solos salinos-sódicos. Portanto, a pesquisa teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito da aplicação foliar do caulim no desenvolvimento da cultura da beterraba cultivada em um solo salino-sódico. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação pertencente ao Laboratório de Engenharia de Irrigação e Drenagem, da Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola, no Campus I da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande – UFCG, em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco concentrações de caulim (0, 25, 50, 75 e 100 g L-1), oito repetições e uma planta por parcela, totalizando 40 unidades experimentais. Foi analisado, aos 30 e 60 dias após a semeadura (DAS), as variáveis de crescimento da cultura, como altura de planta (AP), diâmetro do caule (DC), número de folhas (NF) e área foliar (AF), além das variáveis fisiológicas, como os teores de clorofila A, B e total, obtidos mediante o índice SPAD. Observou-se que, aos 30 e 60 DAS houve efeito significativo apenas para a variável altura de planta, não havendo diferença significativa para as demais variáveis de crescimento (DC, NF e AF), assim como para os teores de clorofila (A, B e total). Conclui-se que a aplicação foliar de caulim em plantas de beterraba cultivadas em solo salino-sódico apresenta um efeito significativo no crescimento dessa cultura quanto a variável altura de planta. Contudo, quanto as demais variáveis analisadas, o caulim não apresentou diferença significativa entre os tratamentos. Ressalta-se a necessidade da realização de mais pesquisas para o aprofundamento do conhecimento acerca dos mecanismos de ação do caulim e para otimização de seu uso em diferentes cenários. Ademais, os resultados obtidos com essa pesquisa são de grande valia para o desenvolvimento de práticas agrícolas mais resilientes e sustentáveis em um cenário de intensas mudanças climáticas e crescente demanda por alimentos.
Identificação de resíduo de droga veterinária macrolídia em vacas de leite
Authors: Bartolomeu Larissa da Costa Rodrigues , Cavalieri Fábio Luiz Bim , Gonçalves José Eduardo , Andreazzi Márcia Aparecida , Diniz Andréa , Lippa Victor Nery Machado , Silva Jéssica Khaena Fernandes da , Freire Sidnei do Amaral , Santos Emylaine Pereira dos
Published: May 2024

Rebanhos leiteiros são frequentemente acometidos por Doença Respiratória Bovina (DRB), e o uso de antibiótico para o tratamento dessa enfermidade é necessário. Assim, muitos produtores administram tulatromicina em seus animais, já que é um antibiótico eficaz para o tratamento de DRB. Porém, observa-se que alguns produtores não respeitam a prescrição e as normas de uso e, principalmente, o período de carência desse fármaco. Soma-se a esses fatores a inexistência de testes de rotina nas empresas de laticínios, que detectem a tulatromicina ou seus metabólitos no leite. O objetivo desse estudo foi identificar e quantificar resíduos do antibiótico tulatromicina, no plasma e no leite de vacas leiteiras, acometidas por DRB, tratadas com essa droga. Foram utilizadas 7 vacas, da raça Holandês, tratados para DRB com 2,5 mg de tulatromicina/ kg de peso corporal. Após o dia da aplicação, a cada 5 dias, até o 30º dia e, a cada 7 dias, do 30º ao 58º dia, foram coletadas amostras de plasma e de leite para identificação de tulatromicina ou de seus metabólitos por cromatografia líquida acoplada à espectrometria de massas (LC-MS/MS). A curva de decaimento da droga e de seus metabólitos mostrou valores de 25,22 ± 2,85 para 3,38 ± 1,46 ng/mL ng/mL no soro, e de 0,88 ± 0,08 para 0,09 ± 0,06 ng/mL no leite, de 5 a 51 dias após a aplicação da tulatromicina. Conclui-se que o período mais seguro para consumo do leite de vacas tratadas com tulatromicina seja a partir de 51 dias após sua administração.
Cultivo seminífero in vitro de Cyrtopodium cardiochilum: influência de concentrações de carvão ativado, sacarose e sais do meio Suprimento (S)
Authors: Lima Brenda Ventura , Santos André Ferreira , Inokuti Eliane Mayumi , Guimarães Claudinei Martins , Silva Rodrigo Vieira da , Brito Isabeli Barbosa , Barreto Robert Weingart
Published: May 2024

Na propagação in vitro de orquídeas, são utilizados meios de cultura específicos para cada espécie. Contudo, para aumentar a eficácia e rapidez na produção de orquídeas, vários elementos, tais como vitaminas, aminoácidos, aditivos orgânicos, sacarose, carvão ativado e sais minerais podem ser adicionados ao meio de cultivo. Informações sobre a propagação in vitro da orquídea C. cardiochilum são escassas. Assim, a presente pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar diferentes combinações de carvão ativado, sacarose e sais do meio de cultura Suprimento (S) com a finalidade de se determinar a composição mais favorável para a produção de plântulas de C. cardiochilum. O experimento foi realizado no Laboratório de Cultura de Tecidos do Departamento de Biologia Vegetal da Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV). O estudo foi conduzido em delineamento de blocos casualizados, com 22 tratamentos e 10 repetições, onde cada tratamento foi representado por uma combinação de teores de carvão ativado, sacarose e sais do meio de cultura Suprimento (S). Após seis meses de cultivo, a matéria seca de calos e plântulas foi avaliada. Os dados foram submetidos à ANOVA e à curva de dose-resposta. A máxima produção de matéria seca de calos foi obtida com a utilização de 0,8 g L-1, 70 g L-1 e 8 g L-1 de carvão ativado, sacarose e sais do meio S, respectivamente. No entanto, uma curva de dose-resposta para plântulas indicou que concentrações de 3,0 g L-1, 33 g L-1 e 3,2 g L-1 de carvão ativado, sacarose e sais do meio S, respectivamente, foram as mais apropriadas para a produção de plântulas de C. cardiochilum. Assim, para a produção seminífera de plântulas de C. cardiochilum in vitro, é recomendada a adição de 3,0, 33, e 3,2 g L-1 de carvão ativado, sacarose e sais do meio S, respectivamente, ao meio de cultura.
RISING NEED OF PHYSICAL REHABILITATION IN ICU
Authors: PERWAIZ R , ATTA MB , MALIK M , AWAD AHA , ABDELBAKY AM , SHOAIB MI , ELMASRY WG
Published: May 2024

This mini-review discusses the importance of physical rehabilitation in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) to mitigate physical, mental, and psychological problems among critically ill patients. Early and customised physical activities that encourage patient movement from in-bed activities to walking are highlighted. A systematic review of 60 trials (n = 5352) showed that physical rehabilitation improves physical function and reduces ICU stay duration compared to conventional treatment. Despite its benefits, physical therapy is underutilised due to perceived safety issues. Recommendations for effective physical rehabilitation include interprofessional collaboration, addressing specific hurdles, and utilising mobility equipment. Patients should be assessed daily for rehabilitation eligibility, and a proactive culture for mobilisation should be promoted. While physical therapy is generally safe, it requires balancing risks and benefits, especially for patients with extended ICU stays. Structured exercise routines and patient engagement are crucial during the ICU stay, and regular evaluation of mobilisation and physical activity outcomes is essential at ICU discharge and follow-up. The overall goal is to enhance patient recovery and independence, emphasising the need for early physical rehabilitation interventions.
Preparation and Optimization of Olanzapine as Transdermal Nanoparticles Delivery System
Authors: Al-Shaibani Abulfadhel Jaber Neamah , Ghareeb Mowafaq Mohammed
Published: May 2024

Background: The treatment of schizophrenia typically involves the use of olanzapine (OLZ), a typical antipsychotic drug that has poor oral bioavailability due to its low solubility and first-pass effect.  Objective: To prepare and optimize OLZ as nanoparticles for transdermal delivery to avoid problems with oral administration. Methods: The nanoprecipitation technique was applied for the preparation of eight OLZ nanoparticles by using different polymers with various ratios. Nanoparticles were evaluated using different methods, including particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), entrapment efficiency (EE%), zeta potential and an in vitro release study. The morphology was evaluated by a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and an atomic force microscope (AFM). We also perform differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Results: Characterization studies of OLZ nanoparticles showed that OLZ-6 was the best formula with a particle size of 115.76 nm, a PDI of 0.24, a high EE% of 78.4%, and a high zeta potential of -19.01 mV. The in vitro release of OLZ was higher than that of other formulations.  FESEM reveals the spherical shape of the nanoparticles, and AFM screening confirms that the OLZ-6 size is comparable to what the Zeta sizer finds. The DSC results confirm the purity of OLZ and the compatibility between the drug and polymer. Conclusions: OLZ-6, as a transdermal delivery system, is a promising formula to overcome the problems associated with oral drug administration and could enhance its bioavailability.
数字治理赋能资源型城市高质量发展研究——以大庆市为例
Authors: 原 晨朝
Published: May 2024

资源型城市的高质量发展对国家经济发展、能源安全和环境保护具有重要意义。随着全球经济转型和技术革新，资源型城市的发展面临巨大挑战，资源型城市普遍存在产业结构单一、生态环境脆弱、可持续发展能力弱等问题，亟需转型升级以高质量发展。本文以世界重要石油城市大庆作为例，分析资源型城市如何利用数字技术和智慧城市的理念来重塑城市治理，提升经济、社会和环境的综合福祉，总结资源型城市数字治理的路径和方法，助力资源型城市实现高质量、可持续发展。
Global behavior of solutions of a two-dimensional system of difference equations
Authors: Gümüş Mehmet , Abo-zeid Raafat , Türk Kemal
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we mainly investigate the qualitative and quantitative behavior of the solutions of a discrete system of difference equations
$$x_{n+1}=\frac{x_{n-1}}{y_{n-1}},\quad y_{n+1}=\frac{x_{n-1} }{ax_{n-1}+by_{n-1}},\quad n=0,1,\ldots, $$
where $a$, $b$ and the initial values $x_{-1},x_{0},y_{-1},y_{0}$ are non-zero real numbers. For $a\in \mathbb{R}_+-\{1\}$, we show any admissible solution $\{(x_n,y_n)\}_{n=-1}^\infty$ is either entirely located in a certain quadrant of the plane or there exists a natural number $N>0$ (we calculate its value) such that $\{(x_n,y_n)\}_{n=N}^\infty$ is located. Besides, some numerical simulations with graphs are given to emphasize the efficiency of our theoretical results in the article.
Severity Of Radiographic Osteoarthritis: Association with Improved Patient Reported Outcomes Following Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Zvi Yoav S. , Tamura Shoran , Rubin Jonathan , Seref-Ferlengez Zeynep , Kamara Eli
Published: May 2024

Introduction:

The Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) classification for knee osteoarthritis estimates disease severity. Its utility in predicting patient-reported outcomes (PROs) after primary total knee arthroplasty (pTKA) has been suggested. We hypothesized that patients who had higher preoperative KL grades would demonstrate greater improvements in PROs after pTKA.

Methods:

This was a retrospective review of patients who underwent pTKA between 2016 and 2021. Two observers graded preoperative radiographs (KL1/2, KL3, and KL4). Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) for activities of daily living (KOOS-ADL) and pain (KOOS-Pain) were collected at preoperative and 12-month postoperative visits. Changes in KOOS-ADL (ΔADL) and changes in KOOS-Pain (ΔPain) scores were compared from the preoperative to 12-month postoperative mark across different groups, with the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for both ΔADL (MCID-ADL) and ΔPain (MCID-Pain) also being calculated. A P-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

A total of 1651 patients were included in the study. The KL3 and KL4 groups exhibited significantly higher ΔADL scores and ΔPain scores compared with the KL1/2 group (P < 0.01). Patients who had KL3 and KL4 were 1.42 (P = 0.03) and 1.88 (P < 0.01) times, respectively, more likely to achieve MCID-ADL compared with those who had KL1/2. Furthermore, patients who had a KL4 were 1.92 times (P < 0.01) more likely to reach MCID-Pain compared with those who had KL1/2.

Conclusions:

This study determined that patients who had higher preoperative KL grades experienced markedly greater improvements in KOOS-ADL and KOOS-Pain scores than those who had lower KL grades. These findings offer surgeons an objective tool when counseling patients on expected outcomes after pTKA.