bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) reduces apoptosis and improves neurological function after cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury by modulating microglia inflammation
Authors: Peng Long , Zhu Xingjia , Wang Chenxing , Jiang Qiaoji , Yu Shian , Song Gaochao , Liu Qianqian , Gong Peipei
Published: February 2024

Indole-3-carbinol(I3C) is a tumor chemopreventive substance that can be extracted from cruciferous vegetables. Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) has been shown to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we investigated the cerebral protective effects of I3C in an in vivo rats model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). 8–10 Week-Old male SD rat received I3C (150 mg/kg, once daily) for 3 days and underwent 3 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) followed by reperfusion. The results showed that I3C pretreatment (150 mg/kg, once daily) prevented CIRI-induced cerebral infarction in rats. I3C pretreatment also decreased the mRNA expression levels of several apoptotic proteins, including Bax, caspase-3 and caspase-9, by increasing the mRNA expression levels of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. Inhibited apoptosis in the brain cells of MCAO rats. In addition, we found that I3C pretreatment reduced neuronal loss, promoted neurological recovery after ischemia–reperfusion injury and increased seven-day survival in MCAO rats. I3C pretreatment also significantly reduced the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (INOS), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) mRNA in ischemic brain tissue; Increased expression of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) mRNA. At the same time, I3C pretreatment significantly decreased the expression of the M1 microglial marker IBA1 after cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury and increased the expression of these results in the M2 microglial marker CD206. I3C pretreatment also significantly decreased apoptosis and death of HAPI microglial cells after hypoxia induction, decreased interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) mRNA The expression of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) mRNAs was increased. These results suggest that I3C protects the brain from CIRI by regulating the anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of microglia.
Displacement of mining vibrating screen obtained from acceleration based on improved S–G filter
Authors: Xiao Linjing , Lu Hao , Yan Fangping
Published: February 2024

Vibration displacement is one of the key parameters in fault diagnosis of vibrating screens. Monitoring of acceleration signals of vibrating screens can be disturbed due to various factors such as on-site working conditions and equipment. In order to obtain accurate displacement signals of vibrating screen, the method for converting vibration acceleration to displacement based on improved Savitzky–Golay (S–G) filter is proposed. The Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to optimize the window length of the S–G filter with the fixed polynomial. The filters are cascaded to denoise the signals multiple times. The reasonable regularization parameter of the Smoothed Prior Approach (SPA) is calculated to remove the trend item from the acceleration signals. The vibration displacement is obtained by integrating the preprocessed acceleration data in the frequency domain. The results demonstrate that the objectivity of parameter selection of filter is improved, and the denoising effect is significant. The filtering effect of the filter is further improved after cascading. It becomes better as the number of stages of cascade increases. The vibration displacement can be obtained accurately by the proposed method. The vibration test platform is built to verify the correctness of the method.
Quantitate evaluation of photogrammetry with CT scanning for orbital defect
Authors: Beri Arushi , Pisulkar Sweta Kale , Paikrao Balaji , Bagde Ashutosh , Bansod Akansha , Shrivastava Akshay , Jain Ritul
Published: February 2024

Facial deformities can be caused by cancer, tumours, trauma, infections, congenital or acquired defects and may lead to alteration in basic functions such as communication, breathing, and mastication and aesthetic thereby affecting quality of life. Traditional processes for manufacturing maxillofacial prostheses involve complicated, time-consuming and tedious processes for the patient and the operator. Impression of the defect area, which is the one of the crucial step in fabrication of prosthesis, is the longest and most difficult process as it requires a long contact with the patient. The digital revolution is now changing the landscape of prosthetic production and making the impression making procedure simpler. Digital technology reduces patient chair side time by providing more accurate display data in less time (3–5 min) than traditional methods. Digital impressions eliminate the need for bulky impression materials and provide a more comfortable patient experience.
Molecular mechanism of specific HLA-A mRNA recognition by the RNA-binding-protein hMEX3B to promote tumor immune escape
Authors: Yang Kanglong , Chen Guanglin , Yu Fan , Fang Xianyang , Zhang Jiahai , Zhang Zhiyong , Shi Yunyu , Zhang Liang
Published: February 2024

Immunotherapy, including immune checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive cell transfer, has obtained great progress, but their efficiencies vary among patients due to the genetic and epigenetic differences. Human MEX3B (hMEX3B) protein is an RNA-binding protein that contains two KH domains at the N-terminus and a RING domain at its C-terminus, which has the activity of E3 ubiquitin ligase and is essential for RNA degradation. Current evidence suggests that hMEX3B is involved in many important biological processes, including tumor immune evasion and HLA-A regulation, but the sequence of substrate RNA recognized by hMEX3B and the functional molecular mechanisms are unclear. Here, we first screened the optimized hMEX3B binding sequence on the HLA-A mRNA and reported that the two tandem KH domains can bind with their substrate one hundred times more than the individual KH domains. We systematically investigated the binding characteristics between the two KH domains and their RNA substrates by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Based on this information and the small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) data, we used molecular dynamics simulations to obtain structural models of KH domains in complex with their corresponding RNAs. By analyzing the models, we noticed that on the KH domains’ variable loops, there were two pairs of threonines and arginines that can disrupt the recognition of the RNA completely, and this influence had also been verified both in vitro and in vivo. Finally, we presented a functional model of the hMEX3B protein, which indicated that hMEX3B regulated the degradation of its substrate mRNAs in many biological processes. Taken together, our research illustrated how the hMEX3B protein played a key role in translation inhibition during the immune response to tumor cells and provided an idea and a lead for the study of the molecular mechanism and function of other MEX3 family proteins.
Self-locking Kirigami surfaces via controlled stretching
Authors: Zhang Qian , Pan Ning , Liu Shuangbo , Feng Jian , Cai Jianguo
Published: February 2024

Kirigami provides a powerful strategy to transform two-dimensional elements into complex three-dimensional functional structures with lengths ranging from nanoscale to microscale and macroscale. The stability and programmability of forming three-dimensional structures through mechanical actuation, whether external or self-balancing, are crucial. Here, we offer a system that performs the 2D to 3D transformation through sequential in-plane tension and release. As a result, the 3D state is obtained by out-plane popping and rotation and shows a self-locking behavior. The range of geometric parameters for kirigami elements with different stability properties is determined theoretically. The in-plane tension conditions are also calculated to break the transition point of the forming process. The horizontal and vertical modular array analysis demonstrates the scalability and programmability from the self-locking elements to the Kirigami surfaces. We expect that the kirigami pattern and design approach will serve for innovative systems, including tunable antennas, flexible electronics, and medical devices.
Device-compatible ultra-high-order quantum noise stream cipher based on delta-sigma modulator and optical chaos
Authors: Luo Hanwen , Zhang Ziheng , Dai Longquan , Zhong Linsheng , Yang Qi , Deng Lei , Liu Deming , Dai Xiaoxiao , Gao Xiaojing , Cheng Mengfan
Published: February 2024

Data security is a key feature of future communications networks. Physical layer introduces rich physical mechanisms to increase the complexity of deciphering and provides extensive protection, but faces challenges in compatibility with commercial systems. Quantum noise stream cipher (QNSC) has been proposed as a promising solution to overcome this problem by fusing the stream cryptography regime with the quantum noise masking physical mechanism. However, it has limitations in terms of digital to analog conversion and clock data synchronization of ultra-high-order ciphertext as well as flexible control of masking noise. Here we report a 147.9-Gbps device-compatible quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) QNSC secure scheme over 75-km fiber. Thanks to delta-sigma modulator, the transmission of 220 × 220-order QAM-QNSC signal are established through the low-order digital signal. We develop a theoretical model for flexibly regulating the transmission rate and security performance. Broadband optical chaos introduces true randomness and acts on the masking noise.
Beyond the limiting gap length: peripheral nerve regeneration through implantable nerve guidance conduits
Authors: Redolfi Riva Eugenio , Özkan Melis , Contreras Estefania , Pawar Sujeet , Zinno Ciro , Escarda-Castro Enrique , Kim Jaehyeon , Wieringa Paul , Stellacci Francesco , Micera Silvestro , Navarro Xavier
Published: February 2024

This review provides a critical overview of implantable guidance conduits for nerve regeneration and the challenges in improving their performance in limiting gap lesions to establish them as an alternative to autografts in clinical practice.
Applications of peptide-based nanomaterials in targeting cancer therapy
Authors: Sun Beilei , Zhang Limin , Li Mengzhen , Wang Xin , Wang Weizhi
Published: February 2024

To meet the precise diagnosis and treatment as well as reduce systemic toxicity and side effects, self-assembled peptides are applied to the targeting therapy, including targeting theranostics, nanocarrier delivery, immunotherapy, and combination therapy.
Atomically dispersed Co2+ in a redox-active COF for electrochemical CO2 reduction to ethanol: unravelling mechanistic insight through operando studies
Authors: Singh Ashish , Barman Soumitra , Rahimi Faruk Ahamed , Dey Anupam , Jena Rohan , Kumar Ravi , Mathew Nijita , Bhattacharyya Dibyendu , Maji Tapas Kumar
Published: February 2024

Designing cheap, stable, and efficient electrocatalysts for selective CO2 reduction to ethanol is a green and sustainable approach for converting the greenhouse gas into value-added products.
Making light work: designing plasmonic structures for the selective photothermal methanation of carbon dioxide
Authors: Zhu Yi Fen , Xie Bingqiao , Yuwono Jodie A. , Kumar Priyank , Sharma Abhinav S. , Nielsen Michael P. , Bendavid Avi , Amal Rose , Scott Jason , Lovell Emma C.
Published: February 2024

The Ni–TiN structure generates plasmonic heating and/or hot charge carriers, with Ni deposit size influencing the prevalent plasmonic effect and its impact on activity/selectivity for CO2 methanation.
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis A6 attenuates hippocampal damage and memory impairments in an ADHD rat model
Authors: Yin Xindi , Liu Weichen , Feng Haihong , Huang Jiaqiang , Wang Qi , Zhang Qi , He Jingjing , Wang Ran
Published: February 2024

Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis A6 ameliorated hippocampal damage and memory impairments in an ADHD rat model by reshaping the gut microbiota composition, alleviating hippocampal neuron loss and inflammation, and regulating neurotransmitter release.
Intensified cross-linking dramatically improved the mechanical properties of hydroxyapatite and cellulose composites for repairing bone segmental defects
Authors: Liang Qingyou , Dong Jie , Ren Jian , Xiao Cairong , Deng Chunlin
Published: February 2024

Hydroxyapatite and cellulose composites for bone segmental defect repair exhibit the highest mechanical properties among present natural-source composites due to the intensified cross-linking via covalent, ionic and hydrogen bonds.
Metal–organic framework-based S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts
Authors: Yuan Ling , Du Peiyang , Yin Luli , Yao Jiamin , Wang Jing , Liu Chao
Published: February 2024

A timely review on the recent advances of metal–organic framework-based step-scheme heterojunctions with respect to their synthesis, structures and applications is provided.
A chalcone-based ESIPT and AIE fluorophore for β-gal imaging in living cells
Authors: Hu Yiran , Luo Haiyan , Zhao Luyao , Guo Xudong , Wang Shuangqing , Hu Rui , Yang Guoqiang
Published: February 2024

The chalcone-based fluorescent probe gal-HCA favors highly selective detection of β-galactosidase in vitro and in living cells.
Switchable copolymerization of mixed monomers catalyzed by imidazolium ionic liquids
Authors: Wu Xue , Li Yongli , Yu Jingjing , Liu Yefan , Li Zhidong , Zhang Yang , Song Pengfei
Published: February 2024

A metal-free and switchable route to synthesize block polyesters from monomer mixtures was developed using imidazolium ionic liquids.
Antiviral mechanism change of poly(styrene sulfonate) through gold nanoparticle coating
Authors: Bhebhe Lorraine M. , Kim Jungyeon , Jones Luke M. , Super Elana H. , Jones Samuel T.
Published: February 2024

Viruses are capable of causing serious global health problems. The development of interventions against them is of paramount importance. Here we achieve the sought-after virucidal mechanism using poly(styrene sulfonate) coated gold nanoparticles.
Polymer translocation: effects of periodically driven confinement
Authors: Dwivedi Manish , Singh Swarn Lata , Kumar Sanjay
Published: February 2024

We study the influence of periodically driven confinement on the dynamics of translocation of a linear polymer chain in a good solvent through a cone-shaped pore.
Partial and complete wetting of droplets of active Brownian particles
Authors: Turci Francesco , Jack Robert L. , Wilding Nigel B.
Published: February 2024

Active droplets exhibit behavior akin to equilibrium wetting despite complex flows.
Principles and methods of liquid metal actuators
Authors: Ye Jiao , Xiang Wentao , Cheng Cai , Bao Wendi , Zhang Qi
Published: February 2024

The mechanisms driving liquid metals and research progress on liquid metal actuators.
A hierarchical layered double hydroxide electrode with surface porous microstructured fibers for flexible and wearable energy storage
Authors: Huang Junxian , Xu Bingang , So Mei Yi , Liu Xinlong , Gao Yuanyuan
Published: February 2024

A novel strategy to fabricate the highly conductive NiCo–SSY@CPMs electrode on surface porous microstructured fibers with hierarchical structures and mechanical stability has been developed for flexible, wearable, and high-performance ASC devices.
High-efficiency oxygen reduction by late transition metal oxides to produce H2O2
Authors: Zhang Yue , Jiang Hao , Zhang Chengxu , Feng Yuebin , Feng Hang , Zhu Sanyuan , Hu Jue
Published: February 2024

Here, we demonstrate for the first time the activity trend of ZnO > CuO > NiO > CoO for 2e− ORR electrocatalysis with the selectivity of 90.0%, 82.8%, 79.4%, and 36.8%, respectively.
Sustainable hydrothermal carbon for advanced electrochemical energy storage
Authors: Zhang Xuesong , Cao Tianqi , Zhang Guanyu , Liu Quan , Kong Ge , Wang Kejie , Jiang Yuan , Zhang Xin , Han Lujia
Published: February 2024

The development of advanced electrochemical energy storage devices (EESDs) is of great necessity because these devices can efficiently store electrical energy for diverse applications, including lightweight electric vehicles/aerospace equipment.
Photocatalytic oxidative cyclization of aromatic thioamides catalyzed by Cu2O rhombic dodecahedra
Authors: Wang Guan-Ru , Huang Michael H.
Published: February 2024

Cu2O rhombic dodecahedra can photocatalyze the oxidative cyclization reaction of diverse thioamides to form 3,5-diphenyl-1,2,4-thiadiazoles.
Investigating the effect of acidic and basic precipitation on the antibacterial activity of ZnO nanoparticles against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria
Authors: R. Sreekanth , Kumar S. Naveen , M. Madhusudhan Reddy , Pattar Jayadev , B. V. Damodar Reddy
Published: February 2024

ZnO NPs synthesised by simple basic precipitation coupled with time bound aging showed enhanced antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and -negative bacterias. This new approach could be useful to enhance antibacterial activity of metal oxides.
Ferroelectrically modulated and enhanced photoresponse of a Ag/PZT/NSTO self-powered photodetector in the ultraviolet range
Authors: Han Zhuokun , Luo Bingcheng , Wang Shuanhu , Zhai Wei , Wang Jianyuan
Published: February 2024

The photoelectric response of Ag/PZT/NSTO ultraviolet (UV) photodetectors is modulated through the manipulation of the polarization state of a PZT ultrathin film.
Retraction: An MSN-PEG-IP drug delivery system and IL13Rα2 as targeted therapy for glioma
Authors: Shi Jinlong , Hou Shiqiang , Huang Jianfei , Wang Shanshan , Huan Wei , Huang Chuanjun , Liu Xiaojiang , Jiang Rui , Qian Wenbo , Lu Jingjing , Wang Xiubing , Shi Wei , Huang Rongqin , Chen Jian
Published: February 2024

Retraction of ‘An MSN-PEG-IP drug delivery system and IL13Rα2 as targeted therapy for glioma’ by Jinlong Shi et al., Nanoscale, 2017, 9, 8970–8981, https://doi.org/10.1039/C6NR08786H.
Two-step access to bis-meso-perfluoroalkyl-corroles towards meso-perfluoroacyl-ABC-corroles
Authors: Julliard Paul-Gabriel , Pascal Simon , Siri Olivier , Giorgi Michel , Cortés-Arriagada Diego , Sanhueza Luis , Canard Gabriel
Published: February 2024

5,15-meso-Perfluoroalkyl-corroles were prepared via a two-step synthetic procedure. Macrocycles bearing long chains are precursors of ABC-meso-acyl-corroles when subjected to hydrolysis.
A Li–O2/CO2 battery based on bio-inspired engineering of the Bi2S3/PVP cathode
Authors: Gao Song , Li Siqi , Han Miao , E. Yuanlong , Liu Wanqiang , Jia Hongsheng , Wang Fang
Published: February 2024

1. A PVP/Bi2S3 is used as the cathode of Li–CO2 battery for the first time. 2. The introduction of PVP not only increases the generation of S vacancy, but also improves the electronic conductivity of Bi2S3. 3. The proposed PVP/Bi2S3 cathode can also be applied to Li–O2 and Li–CO2 battery systems.
A novel multi‐slice electromagnetic field‐circuit coupling method for transient computation of long‐distance gas‐insulated transmission lines
Authors: Cheng Shucan , Zhao Yanpu , Xie Kejia , Hu Bin
Published: February 2024

Accurate calculation of short‐circuit electromagnetic force is crucial for both mechanical strength check and the optimal design of gas‐insulated transmission lines (GIL). Since the full 3D numerical simulation method is highly time‐consuming, a novel lightweight 2D multi‐slice electromagnetic field‐circuit coupled method for computing transient electromagnetic force is proposed, where appropriate port voltage degrees of freedom (DoFs) are introduced for the solid GIL conductor terminals. When the transient magnetic field equations are combined with the constraint equations of circuit part, including nodal voltage and loop current DoFs, a direct field‐circuit coupling scheme is thus derived. The proposed method can simultaneously consider the effect of interphase‐shunts and ground wires, as well as the skin effect and proximity effect. It can accurately capture the transient electromagnetic characteristics of GIL spanning from several to tens of kilometers under different short‐circuit conditions. The transient electromagnetic forces, as well as the induced voltages and currents of the enclosure, are analysed by the proposed method for both single‐phase and three‐phase enclosed GIL under various short‐circuit conditions. The proposed method has the advantages of high accuracy and lightweight computational cost, and thus it is also suitable for conducting important simulation tasks such as mechanical strength checks during the design optimisation phase of long‐distance GIL.
Quantum computer based feature selection in machine learning
Authors: Hellstern Gerhard , Dehn Vanessa , Zaefferer Martin
Published: February 2024

The problem of selecting an appropriate number of features in supervised learning problems is investigated. Starting with common methods in machine learning, the feature selection task is treated as a quadratic unconstrained optimisation problem (QUBO), which can be tackled with classical numerical methods as well as within a quantum computing framework. The different results in small problem instances are compared. According to the results of the authors’ study, whether the QUBO method outperforms other feature selection methods depends on the data set. In an extension to a larger data set with 27 features, the authors compare the convergence behaviour of the QUBO methods via quantum computing with classical stochastic optimisation methods. Due to persisting error rates, the classical stochastic optimisation methods are still superior.
Total cost of ownership factors in procurement and technology economic assessment: A systematic literature review
Authors: Panjaitan Donald Sutanto , Bahagia Senator Nur , Raja Andi Cakravastia Arisaputra , Abduh Muhammad
Published: February 2024

Total Cost of Ownership is an excellent method for understanding the true cost of buying goods or services from a particular supplier. This approach considers buying costs and takes the costs that arise during the operation and disposal phases of an equipment lifecycle. Therefore, applying the Total Cost of Ownership in supplier selection, negotiation, and evaluation is essential. This research aims to study the development of TCO for the last ten years. A systematic literature review has been conducted to identify and cluster TCO factors based on previous research. There has been a shift in the purpose of using TCO since the last decade from being useful for supplier selection to technology economic assessment, significantly often used to assess the economic costs of using electric vehicle technology. We also highlight the two most dominant TCO factors: one-time costs and recurring costs. We propose a conceptual factor, factors influencing TCO, and future research directions.
Bandwidth Limitation Based on Content Classification Using Queue Trees and Hierarchical Token Buckets
Authors: Kristiana Lisa , Azmi Alfan Zulfian
Published: February 2024

Internet services become a mandatory to society in a daily basis. The key issue of this service is the crucial bandwidth that is caused by traffic congestion which leads to poor network performance. Therefore, bandwidth management is required as an effort to reduce traffic congestion on hotspot services by using the Queue Tree and Hierarchical Token Bucket methods. This study conducted a comparison of Queue Type analysis on the Queue Tree method, namely First In First Out (FIFO) and Random Early Detect (RED) to determine the process of sending data packets that can reduce congestion when building hotspot services. Test results on 10 FIFO and RED clients show that Queue Type FIFO is superior to Queue Type RED, with a FIFO QoS index of 87.5% and RED 75% with a difference of 15%, based on Quality of Service (QoS) with standard TIPHON.
Analyzing of Modified DES-64 Algorithm for Securing the Data on File Storage Systems
Authors: Nurjaman Asep Rizal , Putra Kurnia Ramadhan
Published: February 2024

Rapidly developing technology makes it easier for us to get information from processed data. The authenticity of a data is a very basic thing of information. With the rapid development of technology, there are more and more threats such as manipulate, phishing or even deleting data that will be processed into information without authentication. Guaranteeing the confidentiality and authenticity/integrity of data in the form of files is very important to produce accurate information and can be accounted for by way of encryption or one way function for authentication. The goal is of course to make it difficult for other parties to change it. The ultimate goal of this study is to implement the modified des 64 algorithms, to compare the avalanche effects and randomness test values from the standard DES test results with modified DES on the S-Box and P-Box sections which are made dynamic depending on the key, so that the data stored is encrypted. The modification process is by entering several key combinations including the DES weak key, alphabet and alphanumeric. The implementation is carried out on document file storage with a user authentication process and file encryption with a key that uses sha-256 to generate a different key for each file. When the owner downloads the data, the decryption process is executed, so that the security and authenticity of the data can be guaranteed. With the modified 64-bit DES, it is expected that data security problems on storage can be decreased or even solved.
Numerical simulations of fluid flows and heat transfer in melt pools of Directed Energy Deposition of SS316L
Authors: Saldi Zaki , Pasang Tim , Khogres Winston , Budiman Arief , Gunawan Fergyanto
Published: February 2024

This paper presents the numerical model developed to simulate fluid flow and heat transfer in melt pools formed in Directed Energy Deposition of stainless steel SS316L. The model incorporated important heat and momentum source terms. The energy source terms included laser energy, latent heat of phase change, convective heat loss, radiative heat loss, evaporative heat loss, and energy addition due to molten particle deposition into the melt pool. The momentum source terms were due to surface tension effect, thermocapillary (Marangoni) effect, thermal buoyancy, momentum damping due to phase change, molten particle momentum, and recoil effect due to evaporation. The simulations suggested that the predicted flow and heat transfer in the melt pool affected the resulting shape and size. With the process parameters currently employed, the melt pool was elongated, wide and shallow, with depressed free surface and outward convective flow. The outward flow was caused by the dominant region of high temperature in the centre of the melt pool, such that the temperature gradient of surface tension is negative.
Issues of increasing the economic efficiency of manufacturing enterprises on the impact on the environment
Authors: Keldiyarova Gulmira , Boboeva Gulmira , Khusanova Ma’mura , Dadayev Mirzahmad , Rakhmanova Nigora
Published: February 2024

This article describes issues of reducing the environmental impact of harmful compounds produced by production enterprises in various fields and the introduction of a new type of dust-gas cleaning equipment at the enterprise, which allowed harmful substances to exceed the permissible limits. In addition, analytical work and calculation issues on increasing the economic efficiency of the enterprise were presented.
Technology for obtaining a domestic catalyst for hydrogenation of vegetable oils
Authors: Aminova Elmira , Kasyanova Liliya , Islamutdinova Aygul , Asfandiyarova Liliya
Published: February 2024

Vegetable oils are obtained from oil-containing sunflower seeds, burdock, flax, rapeseed, corn, soybeans, etc. The composition of vegetable oils contains esters (triglycerides) of fatty acids with varying degrees of unsaturation. One of the main processes of vegetable oil processing is the hydrogenation process. Hydrogenation of vegetable oils is a widespread technological process of obtaining raw materials for the production of confectionery fats, detergents, soaps, stearin and other products. It is the hydrogenation of vegetable oils that is of great importance, because it increases the volume of food production. Catalysts for hydrogenation of vegetable oils are not produced in Russia. The volume of the import market is about 250 tons per year. The development and production of domestic catalysts is a priority task in solving import substitution problems. The paper suggests the most environmentally friendly and economical way to obtain catalysts of various chemical compositions is the method through an ammonia-carbonate complex. The results of reserve tests of the developed samples of nickel catalyst for hydrogenation of vegetable oils, as well as the conclusion of potential consumers are presented.
New conditions for the formation of national food security
Authors: Orlova Elena , Fedotova Ayuna , Larionova Irina , Bolaev Baatr , Anyanova Evgenia , Bolaev Valery , Churaev Abdurakhman
Published: February 2024

Russia’s national food security is formed in the new conditions of interstate interaction in the markets of agro-industrial complex products. Historically, the country is the largest exporter of grain, the production of which forms the basis of the Russian agro-industrial complex. Grain production volumes are a new factor in modeling the country’s food security and independence in the world agricultural markets. Growing volumes of grain exports from Russia ensure the profit of the industry’s enterprises and sustainability of territorial development of the regions. The country is provided with basic foodstuffs of both plant and animal origin by 85-90%. At the same time there is still a problem of uneven distribution of production on the territory itself, there is still a problem with the shortage of processing and storage facilities, qualified specialists for work in rural areas. The emerging difficulties in logistics, supplies, market closures in 2022 were successfully overcome and new routes for the export of Russian food raw materials were formed.
Development of the country's innovative potential as a factor in attracting foreign investment
Authors: Shaykhutdinova Gulnara F. , Nikolaeva Irina N. , Gaynullina Ella V. , Bayburin Radmir R.
Published: February 2024

The purpose of the paper is to study and analyze the role of developing the country's innovative potential to attract foreign investments. The main results of the study are to obtain information that in addition to the innovative environment, ideology, politics, economy and culture of the country, foreign investors often pay attention to intellectual, scientific, technical and technological, financial, legal and entrepreneurial resources, which generally includes into the components of the concept of “innovation potential”. Countries that have been investing heavily in research and development on an ongoing basis for a long time are leaders in the ranking of countries in terms of foreign direct investment. Based on the data presented in the study it can be concluded that the development of the country’s innovative potential is an important factor for foreign investors. The novelty of the scientific work is justified by the current of globalization, since it is the global economy that makes innovation even more important since companies and investors are looking for prospects for growth and competitive advantages. There are many related studies, but there are no studies on innovation potential in the context of attracting foreign investment.
Studying the technological process formation of mole drainage from a mole ripper
Authors: Juraev Fazliddin , Ibodov Nabijon , Sharipova Dilnora , Do‘stova Salima , Avliyoqulov Muhammad
Published: February 2024

In this article, a layered perforator is a pit softener construction depending on the density, hardness and moisture of the soil during the operation of the working columns normal and trial stresses and in the hole opener working unit of all working columns of the device it was found that these calculated formulas are relevant for all hole openers, taking into account that the normal and test stresses are equally affected. The spacing of the hanging holes can be changed from b1=b2=50 cm to 1.5 m, taking into account the mechanical composition of the soil and the level of salinity. It is suggested that the working bodies are layered, i.e., the 1st processing depth is from 40 to 45 cm, and the 2nd processing depth is from 80 to 90 cm.
Method for determining estimates of random variable models for describing phase equilibrium in rectification processes
Authors: Mukhitdinov Djaloliddin , Kadirov Yorkin , Abrorov Akbar , Tukhtamishova Malika
Published: February 2024

The phase equilibrium modeling for multi-component systems is essential in process systems engineering. In particular, phase stability analysis, Gibbs free energy minimization and estimation of parameters in thermodynamic models are challenging global optimization problems involved in phase equilibrium calculations and modeling for both reactive and non-reactive systems. To date, many significant works have been performed in the area of global optimization, and several algorithms and computational contributions of global optimization have been used for solving these problems; global optimization methods used include both deterministic and stochastic algorithms. To the best of our knowledge, there is no review in the literature that focuses on the global optimization methods and their applications to phase equilibrium modeling and calculations. In this paper, we briefly describe the deterministic and stochastic optimization algorithms selected for our rectification process, and then consider their use for phase stability analysis, Gibbs free energy minimization, and parameter estimation in phase equilibrium models. In short, we present an overview of global optimization for modeling and computing the phase behavior of systems with and without chemical reactions, including the prediction of azeotropes and critical points.
Profile of desert sandy soils formed in the Aral Sea dried-up seabed
Authors: Ismonov Аbduvaxob , Dusaliev Аlijon , Kalandarov Nazimkhon , Mamajanova Uktamkhon , Kattaeva Gulnoza
Published: February 2024

In subsequent years, as a result of the strengthening of natural and anthropogenic factors, the inability of the Amu Darya and Sir Darya waters to flow into the Aral Sea, the mechanical composition of desert sandy soils, the type of salinization, the degree of salinization, the variety of humus content in the soils common in the soil covers of the dried seabed were studied. During the study of the study area soils, the strong salinization of soils was noted by the chloride-sulfate salinization type and the salinization in the surface layer of the soil profile section No. 47, that is, in the layers 0- 9 cm and 9-50 cm deep, and weak salinization by the sulfate-chloride salinization type and the salinization in the lower layer of the soil profile. In the surface layer of the studied desert sandy soils, that is, by 0-9 cm and 9- 50 cm, the humus content ranged from 0.418% to 0.528%. On the dried bottom of the Aral Sea, because of strong evaporation of groundwater in the soil profile, an intensive process of accumulation of salt crystals took place, and desert sandy soils became highly saline.
Estimation of efficiency of ultrasonic extraction using deep eutectic solvents for extraction of biologically active compounds from plant raw materials
Authors: Koigerova Alena
Published: February 2024

Deep eutectic solvents are novel media for the extraction of biologically active substances from plant row material. They are often used for ultrasonic extraction. However, due to the high viscosity of the deep eutectic solvents, the question of the sufficiency of ultrasonic exposure for effective diffusion of the target components into the solution remains open. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of ultrasonic extraction with and without additional mixing. The antioxidant activity of Chamaenerion angustifolium (L.) Scop. extracts obtained by these two methods in the medium of two deep eutectic solvents were compared. It has been shown that additional mixing increases the extraction efficiency concerning antioxidant activity by 20-80%. The obtained data can be used for the development of modern technologies for the isolation of biologically active compounds from plant material using deep eutectic solvents.
GreenTech technologies for sustainability of the national economy
Authors: Dzhancharov Turmushbek , Fedotova Ayuna , Kozenko Tatyana , Arylov Yuriy , Romadikova Victoria , Tsuglaeva Nina
Published: February 2024

The sustainability of national economic systems continues to be a longstanding issue. States continue to interact on climate agendas and environmental topics in a tense geopolitical situation. The expansion and implementation of GreenTech technologies is becoming a prerequisite for partnerships and entry into new international markets for the supply of products and services. The article provides an overview of the level of implementation of green technologies in various sectors of Russia's national economy. Conclusions are drawn on the need to continue ecological modernization of the national economic system and to expand interstate cooperation on climate change issues.
Extraction of hydrocarbons from “yellow oil” with liquefied gas residue
Authors: Tilloev Lochin , Murodov Malikjon , Ataullaev Sherzod , Turakulova Marjona , Savriev Mukhriddin
Published: February 2024

In order to extract the hydrocarbon content obtained from “Yellow oil” by using the liquefied gas residue collected at the bottom of the gas bottles during the distribution of liquefied gas to the local population, the properties of the liquefied gas residue were analyzed by traditional methods and the chemical composition was analyzed with the help of chromatographic methods. Based on the results of the analysis, it has been proven that it can be used as an extractant due to the fact that its composition consists of a mixture of paraffin hydrocarbons. In the extraction of hydrocarbon content, when extracting abilities of hexane and liquefied gas residue were studied, it was found that separation of raffinate from the extraction mixture is carried out twice as fast in liquefied gas residue as compared to hexane. It is recommended to use it as an extractant in the extraction of hydrocarbon content.
Development of technical solutions for modernization of the rotary feed mechanism of a quarry drilling rig
Authors: Muminov Rashid , Yakhshiev Sherali , Ravshanov Jamshid , Oripov Zayniddin , Juraev Nodirbek , Maxmudova Mahbuba
Published: February 2024

This article substantiates and describes the design and operating principle of an electrohydromechanical rotator, presents the results of experimental studies of a prototype, shows ways to reduce dynamic loads and recommendations for improving the rotary-feeding mechanism of a drilling rig of the SBSh-250MNA-32 type. An improved kinematic and hydraulic diagram of an electrohydromechanical rotary-feeding mechanism and installation of a feed pump with a drive electric motor in the machine room of a drilling rig are presented. A design has also been developed for the electrohydromechanical rotary-feeding mechanism of the drilling rig, which can significantly reduce transmission vibrations, increase durability, and, as a result, the productivity of the machine.
Obtaining water-saving complex fertilizers based on local raw materials
Authors: Abduhakimov Talat , Sherkuziev Doniyor
Published: February 2024

The article presents the results of research on the production of moisture-retaining complex fertilizers that save water resources and mineral components based on local raw materials. The synthesis process of FarPAN raw material with formalin, inorganic and organic acids and monoammonium phosphate (MAF) as a fertilizer has been studied. As a result of the study, FarPAN and the hydrogel sample obtained after neutralization with sulfuric acid were analyzed in the IR spectrum. According to the results of the analysis, a new type of 20% MAF-based moisture-retaining fertilizer was chosen as the most optimal option, and physico-chemical analyzes of the sample (elemental analysis (SEM_EDX)) were studied. It was determined that the resulting moisture-retaining fertilizers can be used in agriculture as a means of providing moisture and nutrient components in water-scarce areas.
Social and hygienic aspects of preserving the labor potential of the Russian Federation grain complex sustainable development
Authors: Novikova Tamara , Spirin Viadimir , Novikova Veronika
Published: February 2024

An analysis of the social and hygienic aspects of preserving labor potential as an important component of the sustainable development of the Russian grain complex was carried out. Based on social and hygienic studies, an assessment of the factors of maintaining labor potential during the operation of agricultural machinery is given. It has been established that technical and ergonomic imperfections, moral and physical aging of agricultural machinery create harmful working conditions, the chronic impact of which leads to the development of occupational diseases among agricultural machine operators (vibration disease, radiculopathy of the lumbosacral level, sensorineural hearing loss), as well as the development and severity of the course of general diseases (arterial hypertension, respiratory diseases). The interviewed machine operators (95%) associated the deterioration of their health with the negative impact of production factors (r=0.9, p<0.005) and social and living conditions that affect the prestige of agricultural work and the formation of personnel shortages. Technical re-equipment, development of rural infrastructure, ensuring safe working conditions, maintaining health, increasing the social well-being of workers are the main resources for the sustainable development of the agroindustrial complex of the Russian economy.
Theoretical substantiation of the design and dimensions of the impeller of the plant for the preparation of liquid feed mixtures
Authors: Solonshickov Pavel , Tolstoukhova Irina , Shevchenko Artem
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to a theoretical study to substantiate the design parameters of the impeller, an installation for the preparation of liquid feed mixtures created on the basis of a paddle pump. In the study of the pump, the indicator of the supply of liquid feed mixtures was taken as a basis. When calculating and determining the parameters, the theory of vane pumps was used, based on the laws and provisions of the hydromechanics of an ideal and viscous practically incompressible fluid. The proposed installation is universal and can be used both as a mixer and as a pump. Theoretical experiments were also carried out using the theory of experiment planning, as a result, regression equations were obtained.
Unusual specimens from Estonia
Authors: Belashev Boris , Modestov Alexander , Florensky Pavel
Published: February 2024

Samples of metal and glass found in 2019 in the vicinity of Tallinn are described. The structure, composition and properties of the samples were analyzed. According to their structural and chemical characteristics, the samples belong to the same parent body and differ from representatives of known groups of iron meteorites, artificial ferroalloys, technical and natural glasses. The glass matrix of the samples contains “folds” and “stripes”. Metallic inclusions in glass predominantly consist of alpha iron with an admixture of troilite. Carbon inclusions predominate in the metal matrix of the samples. Analogues of the material composition of the samples are protvanites. The possible cosmic origin of the samples is confirmed by surface regmaglypts, fullerenes, other carbon phases and cohenite.
Overview of milling implements for grinding trees and shrubs
Authors: Gordeychik Andrey , Ariko Sergey , Mokhov Sergey , Sokolova Viktoriia , Saaya Sai-Suu , Zagidullin Ramil , Miroshikhina Ekaterina
Published: February 2024

The article describes the main consumers of milling tools (mulchers and rotovators) in the context of the sectors of the national economy, considers the classification features and features of the design and layout of these tools on energy carriers. The range of the main manufacturers of milling tools in the Russian Federation, the Republic of Belarus, countries of near and far abroad is described. It is noted that, despite the effectiveness of the use of tracked vehicles in a number of operating conditions, about 95% of this equipment has a wheeled propulsion type. Special attention is paid to the delimitation of the scope of mulchers and rotovators, as well as the possibility of using disk attachments for shredding trees and shrubs.
Selection of the structural scheme of the control line for finishing products from natural wood
Authors: Gorobchenko Stanislav , Kovalev Dmitriy , Sokolova Viktoriia , Zagidullin Ramil , Akhmetshin Stanislav , Belenkiy Yuri , Teppoev Aleksey
Published: February 2024

The issues of choosing structural control schemes for finishing lines for products made of natural wood are considered. A literature review is given. In the block diagrams of these systems, single-level, two-level and three-level systems can be used, depending on the complexity of the control object and control tasks. The criteria by which it is necessary to choose structural control schemes and TCA tools are shown. Block diagrams of direct (direct) digital control of the process can be considered optimal. For these purposes, an algorithm for the direct control process is given.
Photosensing properties of zinc nitride thin-film transistors fabricated on recyclable plastic substrates
Authors: Dominguez Miguel A. , Luis Pau Jose , Redondo-Cubero Andrés
Published: February 2024

In this work, the characterization of zinc nitride (Zn3N2) Thin-film Transistors (TFTs) as phototransistors is presented. Polyethylene terephthalate is used as recyclable plastic substrate. A zinc oxide (ZnO) film is used as passivation layer. The Zn3N2 and ZnO films are deposited at room temperature using a magnetron sputtering. The sensitivity, responsivity and detectivity were extracted and analyzed. Interestingly, a relation between the maximum value of detectivity and the threshold voltage VT was found. Moreover, the electrical characteristics are analyzed after 100 days on air to evaluate the stability under ambient conditions.
Enger Spinalkanal und osteoligamentäre Verletzung der Halswirbelsäule – operative Therapie
Authors: Kothe Ralph
Published: February 2024

Osteoligamentäre Verletzungen der Halswirbelsäule können gerade bei älteren Patienten mit einer vorbestehenden Enge des Spinalkanales einhergehen. Die Frage der operativen Behandlungsnotwendigkeit ist abhängig von verschiedenen Faktoren. Neben der strukturellen Schädigung der Halswirbelsäule ist das Ausmaß der traumatisch bedingten neurologischen Beeinträchtigung von Bedeutung. Letztere wird nach der ASIA Impairment Scale eingeteilt. Bei der Kombination aus osteoligamentärer Verletzung mit neurologischer Beeinträchtigung (Spinal Cord Injury – SCI) besteht nahezu immer die Indikation zur operativen Behandlung. Eine frühe operative Therapie führt zu besseren klinischen Ergebnissen bei geringerer Komplikationsrate. Die Indikationsstellung zur operativen Behandlung bei osteoligamentärer Verletzung ohne neurologisches Defizit und vorbestehender degenerativer Stenose ist abhängig von der Klassifikation der Verletzung, sowie dem Ausmaß einer eventuell vorbestehenden spondylogenen zervikalen Myelopathie. Diese lässt sich nach dem modifizierten JOA-Score beurteilen. Kommt es nach einem Trauma ohne osteoligamentäre Verletzung bei vorbestehender Stenose zu einer inkompletten neurologischen Schädigung, spricht man von einem Central Cord Syndrom (CCS). Die Indikation zur operativen Behandlung ist in diesem Fall abhängig vom Ausmaß der neurologischen Schädigung. Bei ASIA Grad C wird analog zum SCI mit osteoligamentärer Verletzung zu einer frühzeitigen operativen Behandlung innerhalb von 24 Stunden geraten. Bei einer Schädigung ASIA Grad D kann der weitere neurologische Verlauf zunächst abgewartet werden. Im Falle einer ausbleibenden Besserung ist eine Operation auch noch nach mehr als zwei Wochen möglich.