bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
L’utopie et ses conditions techniques
Authors: Gautero Jean-luc
Published: December 2015

L’un des arguments que développe Hans Jonas contre l’utopie est que celle-ci n’est pas réalisable sans l’appel à un développement plus poussé de la technique, qui met en péril, de manière irresponsable, l’avenir de l’humanité. On se propose pour étudier cet argument d’examiner la place de la technique dans l’utopie.
La question de la science aujourd’hui
Authors: Lecourt Dominique
Published: December 2015

Toutes les enquêtes révèlent une méfiance inégalée vis-à-vis de l’idée de progrès. Cette méfiance nouvelle met en lumière certaines formes de pensées que des courants politiques ou religieux nourrissent. Hier, on célébrait les bienfaits de l’innovation mais, aujourd’hui, l’attrait de l’inconnu a cédé devant la crainte de l’incertain. Quelles sont les motivations de ces groupes qui attisent le catastrophisme ambiant et qu’est-ce qui les pousse à se radicaliser ? L’objectif serait-il (comme pour certains groupes de l’ « ultragauche ») d’en finir avec la science ? Il se pourrait bien que la détresse de nos contemporains vienne de ce qu’ils souffrent de la solitude alors même que les moyens de communications leur permettent d’échanger comme jamais auparavant avec leurs prochains.
D’une à plusieurs langues légitimes : langues d’enseignements et stratégies linguistiques en Éthiopie
Authors: Guidi Pierre
Published: December 2015

En 1994, le gouvernement éthiopien a instauré l’usage des langues locales dans l’éducation scolaire, après des décennies de domination de la langue amharique. Tandis que les élites locales sont favorables à la réforme, les paysans tendent à la rejeter car ils redoutent la déperdition de l’amharique, clé de la mobilité sociale. Cet article analyse les perceptions distinctes de ces groupes sociaux, à partir de leur position dans la distribution du pouvoir et du capital linguistique, tout en replaçant les enjeux locaux dans la politique nationale et les discours internationaux.
La micropolitique de l’école primaire au Bénin
Authors: Fichtner Sarah , Jarroux Pauline
Published: December 2015

L’article se propose d’analyser conjointement les pratiques des directeurs d’école et des inspecteurs de l’enseignement, deux acteurs-clés de la scène scolaire locale au Bénin. À travers l’étude de leurs relations hiérarchiques au sein de leur administration ainsi que leurs interactions avec d’autres acteurs partenaires de l’école, il s’agit d’analyser comment leurs stratégies différenciées produisent le service scolaire et participent en même temps à la négociation des rapports d’autorité au sein de l’arène locale.
Écoles secondaires communautaires en Tanzanie : la bataille des notables dans le district de Lushoto
Authors: Languille Sonia
Published: December 2015

L’article questionne le modèle tanzanien de massification de l’enseignement secondaire, initié au milieu des années 2000 et basé sur une mobilisation sociale de grande ampleur. À partir du cas du district de Lushoto, il dévoile les luttes de pouvoir provoquées, dans l’espace local, par la mise en œuvre de la politique des écoles secondaires communautaires. Il illustre la manière dont les élites mobilisent la question éducative comme ressource politique et électorale, tout en obscurcissant le caractère inégalitaire des conditions de financement de leurs choix éducatifs.
Putsch et politique de la rue au Burkina Faso
Authors: Banégas Richard
Published: December 2015

En septembre 2015 1 , un putsch perpétré par les soldats du Régiment de sécurité présidentielle, bras armé de l’ancien régime, interrompt brutalement la transition engagée onze mois plus tôt après la chute de Blaise Compaoré. Une vague de mobilisations citoyennes se lève alors dans le pays pour exiger leur départ et le respect de la « souveraineté du peuple » qui s’exprime dans la rue. En moins d’une semaine, la conjugaison des pressions externes et internes – notamment de l’armée loyaliste – fait échouer ce que les manifestants qualifient de « coup d’État le plus bête du monde ». Quelques mois plus tôt, sur le campus de l’université de Ouagadougou, les étudiants organisaient un débat en plein air sur ce RSP qui menaçait le processus démocratique. Leurs propos sont restitués ici, verbatim . Ces prises de parole publiques ne sont pas seulement prémonitoires ; elles expriment aussi une forme de vigilantisme civique qui s’affirme de pair avec une herméneutique subalterne de l’Histoire.
La dynamique économique des territoires
Authors: Prager Jean-Claude
Published: December 2015

Au cours des vingt dernières années, la science économique a accompli des progrès importants dans sa capacité de description et d’analyse de l’évolution des territoires. Les apports de la théorie de la croissance endogène, de la nouvelle économie géographique, comme de l’analyse économique des institutions, ont transformé le regard posé par les économistes sur les mécanismes du développement des régions et des métropoles, et offrent aujourd’hui un cadre cohérent et robuste sur le plan théorique et empirique. Cet article est un rappel de quelques éléments centraux pour la connaissance des grandes forces de la géographie économique et humaine et de leurs implications pour les politiques publiques, en dehors de tout formalisme 2 . Ces bases seront illustrées par le projet du Grand Paris, un des plus emblématiques en ce début de 21 e siècle.
Dynamiques régionales et territoriales face aux chocs économiques
Authors: Degorre Arnaud , Girard Pierre , Rabier Roger
Published: December 2015

Depuis 2008 la crise économique a altéré les dynamiques régionales de développement qui étaient inscrites dans la durée, liant notamment la croissance économique à la croissance démographique. Les régions Languedoc-Roussillon, Nord-Pas-de-Calais et Rhône-Alpes, présentent une certaine diversité de situations qui l’illustre. Depuis la crise, ces trois régions connaissent des trajectoires différenciées selon qu’elles s’inscrivent dans un schéma d’économie présentielle tournée vers la demande locale des populations, ou bien dans un schéma d’économie productive orientée vers une demande extérieure. Rhône-Alpes et Nord-Pas-de-Calais, avec une dominante d’économie productive, ont été particulièrement touchés en 2008-2009 lors du choc externe de contraction des échanges internationaux. L’économie du Languedoc- Roussillon, fortement présentielle, a mieux résisté, avant de connaître d’importantes difficultés à partir de 2011, lors du choc de demande interne lié à la solvabilité de la dette. En outre, les évolutions économiques sont très contrastées à l’intérieur des régions, d’un territoire à l’autre. Les systèmes locaux disposent de ressorts de croissance ou de résistance, à l’instar des économies dites métropolitaines. L’approche des réseaux, qui insiste sur les liens de complémentarité entre les espaces, permet d’examiner les mécanismes de diffusion des chocs dans des ensembles territoriaux.
Penser les régions avec leurs habitants
Authors: Lévy Jacques
Published: December 2015

Comment concevoir des territoires politiques dans les sociétés d’aujour-d’hui ? Au-delà de la critique de la réforme récemment votée, il n’est pas inutile de redéfinir le local et le régional dans un cadre plus général comprenant l’espace comme environnement, les spatialités comme action des habitants, et dont le politique devrait devenir un complément bénéfique, pour contribuer à son développement et y promouvoir la justice – ce qui suppose une réflexion sur la composante spatiale de la justice. Cette contribution du politique suppose de solder l’héritage, souvent négatif, des relations entre l’État géopolitique et les échelons sur lesquels il a prise. Il convient ensuite de définir une architecture géographique, une articulation des compétences et un dispositif de circulation de l’argent public qui facilitent l’autonomie et la complémentarité des différents échelons. Le texte propose enfin une démarche alternative à celle suivie jusqu’à présent pour définir les échelons locaux et régionaux.
Dispositions et usages de l’automobile et des transports publics entre 1994 et 2011
Authors: Munafò Sébastien , Kaufmann Vincent , Christie Derek , Vincent-Geslin Stéphanie , Ravalet Emmanuel
Published: December 2015

Ambition affichée des politiques urbaines dans de nombreuses agglomérations européennes, le report modal de l’automobile vers les transports publics s’est longtemps heurté aux prédispositions de la population en matière de pratiques modales. À partir des données d’une enquête menée dans les communes-centres et les premières couronnes suburbaines bien desservies par les transports publics à Berne, Genève et Lausanne en 1994 et 2011, l’objectif du présent article est de présenter la transformation en termes de dispositions à l’utilisation des différents moyens de transport et de pratiques modales et d’explorer les liens entre l’image des modes de transport, les changements d’offre issus des politiques publiques et les usages modaux dans la vie quotidienne. Les contrastes observés entre les trois agglomérations étudiées mettent en exergue des évolutions de dispositions et d’usages spécifiques à chaque contexte.
La redistribution des recettes du péage urbain : quelle part doit être attribuée aux transports collectifs ?
Authors: Mirabel François , Reymond Mathias
Published: December 2015

Dans cet article, nous nous intéressons à la redistribution des recettes du péage urbain dans le cadre d’un modèle de file d’attente. À partir du modèle bi-modal de Tabuchi (1993), nous intégrons une redistribution des recettes du péage vers les transports collectifs (part α) et vers le budget global de la collectivité (part (1- α)). Cette analyse est une extension du travail de Mirabel et Reymond (2011). Un résultat intéressant est mis en avant dans ce modèle : quand les transports collectifs ne sont pas subventionnés et que le péage urbain varie dans le temps, une redistribution optimale des recettes du péage vers les transports collectifs permet de retrouver l’optimum de premier rang.
Dilemmes de la réforme régionale tunisienne
Authors: Bennasr Ali , Baron Myriam , de Ruffray Sophie , Grasland Claude , Guérin-Pace France
Published: December 2015

La question des inégalités territoriales en Tunisie est ancienne et a fait l’objet de nombreux travaux de recherche menés par les économistes spatiaux et les géographes-aménageurs. Notre contribution a pour objectif de discuter les arguments opposant deux découpages régionaux : les six régions de planification héritées du schéma national d’aménagement du territoire (SNAT) de 1985 et les cinq régions proposées dans le Livre Blanc en 2011. Nous appliquerons une méthode d’analyse territoriale multiscalaire des inégalités en prenant comme variable cible l’indicateur composite de développement « régional ». Nous proposerons un modèle de simulation des migrations nettes de population induites par les inégalités de développement régional pour illustrer les enjeux des projets de régionalisation. Plutôt que d’établir d’emblée un découpage fixe en régions ayant des frontières figées et un centre unique, il serait possible d’imaginer un espace régional composé de noyaux multiples et comportant des marges ou interstices reconnues comme telles.
Health Care Preferences Among Nursing Home Residents: Perceived Barriers and Situational Dependencies to Person-Centered Care
Authors: Bangerter Lauren R. , Abbott Katherine , Heid Allison R. , Klumpp Rachel E. , Van Haitsma Kimberly
Published: December 2015

Although much research has examined end-of-life care preferences of nursing home (NH) residents, little work has examined resident preferences for everyday health care. The current study conducted interviews with 255 residents recruited from 35 NHs. Content analysis identified barriers (i.e., hindrances to the fulfillment of resident preferences) and situational dependencies (i.e., what would make residents change their mind about the importance of these preferences) associated with preferences for using mental health services, choosing a medical care provider, and choosing individuals involved in care discussions. Barriers and situational dependencies were embedded within the individual, facility environment, and social environment. Approximately one half of residents identified barriers to their preferences of choosing others involved in care and choosing a medical care provider. In contrast, the importance of mental health services was situationally dependent on needs of residents. Results highlight opportunities for improvement in practice and facility policies that promote person-centered care. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 42
(2), 11–16.]
Mediation Effect of Oral Hygiene on the Relationship Between Cognitive Function and Oral Health in Older Adults
Authors: Lee Kyung Hee , Plassman Brenda L. , Pan Wei , Wu Bei
Published: December 2015

Poor oral health is a common problem among older adults in general and particularly among those with cognitive impairment. The current study was conducted to (a) explore direct and indirect relationships between cognitive function and oral health outcomes and (b) test the mediating effect of oral hygiene on the relationship between cognitive function and oral health. The current study used data from 327 community-dwelling older adults in West Virginia who completed an oral health evaluation, comprehensive cognitive assessment, and questionnaire about oral hygiene. Structure equation modeling was used to test for mediation. Results showed that more severe cognitive impairment was related to poorer oral health outcomes and less frequent tooth brushing and flossing. Tooth brushing serves as a mediator between cognitive impairment and oral health outcome. The current study suggests regular tooth brushing is a promising intervention to maintain oral health among individuals with cognitive impairment. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing
,
42
(5), 30–37.]
Preparing for Industry 4.0 – Testing Collaborative Virtual Learning Environments with Students and Professional Trainers
Authors: Schuster Katharina , Plumanns Lana , Groß Kerstin , Vossen Rene , Richert Anja , Jeschke Sabina
Published: December 2015

In consideration of future employment domains, engineering students should be prepared to meet the demands of society 4.0 and industry 4.0 – resulting from a fourth industrial revolution. Based on the technological concept of cyber-physical systems and the Internet of Things, it facilitates – among others - the vision of the smart factory. The vision of “industry 4.0” is characterized by highly individualized and at the same time cross-linked production processes. Physical reality and virtuality increasingly melt together and international teams collaborate across the globe within immersive virtual environments. In this context, a large market arises in the field virtual trainings, which means that professional trainers need to explore the potential of new learning settings. In the context of the development from purely document based management systems to complex virtual learning environments (VLEs), a shift towards more interactive and collaborative components within higher educational e-learning can be noticed, but is still far from being called the state of the art. As a result, engineering education is faced with a large potential field of research, which ranges from the technical development and didactical conception of new VLEs to the investigation of students’ acceptance or the proof of concept of the VLEs in terms of learning efficiency. This paper presents three corresponding qualitative studies: In a series of focus groups, it was investigated which kinds of VLEs students prefer in a higher education context. Building upon the results of the focus groups, a collaborative VLE was created within the open world game Minecraft. In two different studies this VLE was tested, first by students and then by professional trainers. First screenings of the video material of the studies indicate a connection between communicational behavior and successful collaborative problem solving in virtual environments. The majority of the trainers who participated in the second study ascribe the new technological possibilities great potential and would consider using it within their own trainings.
Effects on students of working in industry
Authors: Blicblau Aaron Simon , Nelson Tracey Louise , Dini Kourosh
Published: December 2015

This study investigated the impact of two arrangements of work experiences; short term (over 12 weeks, STIE) and long- term (over 52 weeks, LTIE) on both final academic grades and capstone project grades. The results from this work will inform future approaches of determining the benefits to students of the usefulness of industry placed learning experiences (short or long term) as both an indicator of academic performance, and success in capstone project work. Outcomes have shown that engineering graduates without substantial industrial experience often find employment difficult to find in the short time after completing their studies.
Facilitating Online Continuing Professional Development Opportunities in Technology-Enhanced Learning: the TELTA approach
Authors: Rooney Pauline
Published: December 2015

Information and communication technologies are fundamentally changing the way we live our lives. However, despite these huge societal changes, it is widely recognised that the potential of ICTs for enhancing teaching and learning has not yet been capitalised on in higher education, with traditional pedagogical methods still predominating. However it is crucial that educators are receptive to the potential of ICTs and that they have a sound understanding of this potential and how to capitalise on it. TELTA (Technology-Enhanced Learning, Teaching and Assessment) is a fully online eight-week course offered by the Dublin Institute of Technology which aims to address these issues by giving participants the opportunity to immerse themselves in existing and emerging learning technologies. This paper provides a case study of the TELTA approach, exploring key areas including target audience, module goals, underpinning pedagogical framework, assessment methodologies, technologies utilised and future plans for further developing the initiative.
Successful treatment of neuro-Behçet’s disease with infliximab: four years follow-up
Authors: Kaur Manjinder , Nia Emily S. , Millius Rebecca A. , Sudano Dominick G. , Lisse Jeffrey R.
Published: December 2015

Neuro-Behçet’s disease (NBD) is a rare but severe manifestation of Behçet’s disease. Patients with NBD tend to have high morbidity and mortality. Some patients do not respond adequately to conventional therapy (corticosteroids and immunosuppressants). This has led to treatment gaps in the therapy of NBD. There are reports in the literature of patients with Behçet’s disease responding to anti-TNF therapy. We present a case of a male patient with biopsy proven cerebral vasculitis presenting as NBD who has been in remission with near resolution of cerebral magnetic resonance imaging lesions for 4 years following treatment with infliximab and azathioprine.
Autopsy Analysis may Contribute to Establish Actual Incidence of Second Primary Malignancies in Myeloma
Authors: Takano Junichiro , Hagiwara Shotaro , Miwa Akiyoshi
Published: December 2015

Second primary malignancies (SPMs) are issues for patients with multiple myeloma (MM). There may have been some limitations in prior studies, such as difficulties in a longer follow-up and absence of established screening methods. Therefore, we studied autopsied cases to overcome these limitations. This study aimed to examine SPMs using autopsy reports. Ninety-one cases of MM autopsied at our institution from 1979 to 2013 were analyzed. Median age of autopsied patients was 64.1 years, and proportion of male/female was 59/32. Autopsy was performed in 35.3% of patients died of MM. There were five cases of SPMs with a median confirmation time of 38 (12-132) months from the diagnosis of MM. In three of the five patients, the diagnosis of SPMs was established at autopsy. One case was of myelodysplastic syndrome, and the others were of non-hematological malignancies. The annual risk of SPM estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method was approximately 1%. Three of five SPM cases were detected at autopsy. Analysis of autopsy may contribute to estimate the actual risk of SPMs in MM.
Subcutaneous Axillary and Scalp Metastases from Non-Gynecological Retroperitoneal Leiomyosarcoma: An Unusual Presentation after Surgical Resection
Authors: Kaur Simrandeep , Tyagi Ruchita , Selhi Pavneet , Singh Aminder , Puri Harpreet , Sood Neena
Published: December 2015

Retroperitoneal leiomyosarcomas are rare sarcomas, with an incidence of less than 2 per million population. Cutaneous metastases from sarcoma account for only 1-2.6% of metastatic skin lesions. Cutaneous and subcutaneous metastasis from retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma is a very rare entity. We present a case of 72-year-old male with scalp nodule and subcutaneous swelling in left posterior axillary fold. Fine needle aspiration cytology from both these sites revealed a sarcoma, which was positive for Smooth Muscle Actin and negative for S100 on cell block immuno-histochemistry (IHC). The past history revealed surgical resection of a retroperitoneal mass in 2010 which was diagnosed on histopathology and IHC as leiomyosarcoma. A final diagnosis of metastatic deposits from leiomyosarcoma was made. Retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma presenting as scalp and subcutaneous metastasis is an unusual presentation. Adequate clinical history and a high index of clinical suspicion is required to detect cutaneous and subcutaneous metastatic deposits occurring five years after surgical resection.
Undifferentiated Embryonal Sarcoma of Liver
Authors: Kallam Avyakta , Krishnamurthy Jairam , Kozel Jessica , Shonka Nicole
Published: December 2015

Undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver (UESL) is a rare malignant hepatic tumor. A 47 year old male presented with symptoms of sour taste in his mouth, occasional nausea, indigestion and 15-pound weight loss over two months. He had an unremarkable upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Imaging showed a large liver mass in the left hepatic lobe that was resected and then reported as UESL. He went on to develop lung metastases and was initially treated with doxorubicin and ifosfamide followed by switching of therapy to gemcitabine and docetaxel due to progression of disease. He had a good response after two cycles and went on to receive four more cycles, achieving stable disease. We can therefore conclude that the combination of gemcitabine and docetaxel is a potential therapeutic option for patients with UESL.
T-Cell/Histiocyte-Rich Large B-Cell Lymphoma Presenting as a Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma
Authors: Advani Pooja , Starr Jason , Swaika Abhisek , Jiang Liuyan , Qiu Yushi , Li Zhimin , Tun Han W.
Published: December 2015

Primary central nervous system (PCNSL) lymphoma is an aggressive extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and most cases are classified as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) by histology. T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma (TCRLBCL) represents a distinct subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and is characterized by the presence of scattered large neoplastic B-cells in a background of abundant T-cells and histiocytes. This is in contrast to the dense perivascular cuffing of neoplastic B-cells in classic DLBCL. T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma should be considered in PCNSL cases in which neoplastic B-cells are sparse and scattered. Immunohistochemistry will help identify the B-cells and surrounding infiltrate rich in Tlymphocytes and histiocytes. Future studies exploring the biology of TCRLBCL and the crosstalk between the neoplastic cells and the surrounding inflammatory infiltrate may provide exciting prospects for future therapies for TCRLBCL.
Об автоморфизмах неприводимых линейных групп с абелевой силовской $2$-подгруппой
Authors: Yadchenko Alexei Alexandrovich
Published: December 2015

Пусть $\Gamma=AG$ - конечная группа, где
$G\triangleleft\Gamma$, $(|G|,|A|)=1$, $A$ -
непримарная подгруппа нечетного порядка,
которая не является нормальной в группе $\Gamma$,
силовская $2$-подгруппа группы $G$ абелева
и $C_G(a)=C_G(A)$ для каждого элемента
$a\in A^{#}$. Предположим, что группа $G$
имеет точный неприводимый комплексный характер
степени $n$, который является $a$-инвариантным
хотя бы для одного элемента $a\in A^{#}$.
В данной работе установлено, что $n$ делится
на такую степень $f>1$ некоторого простого числа,
что $f\equiv -1$ или $1 (\operatorname{mod}|A|)$.
Библиография: 30 названий.
Об инвариантах Лапласа для уравнения с доминирующей частной производной третьего порядка с двумя независимыми переменными
Authors: Mironov Alexei Nikolaevich , Mironova Lubov' Borisovna
Published: December 2015

Построены инварианты Лапласа, в терминах которых записаны
определяющие уравнения. Выделены классы уравнений, допускающих
четырехмерные алгебры Ли.
Библиография: 12 названий.
Теорема типа Эллиотта для сверток $L$-функций эллиптических кривых
Authors: Laurinčikas Antanas P
Published: December 2015

В статье получена предельная теорема с растущим модулем характера
для сверток с Дирихле характером $L$-функций эллиптических кривых.
Библиография: 15 названий.
Конечные факторизуемые группы с разрешимыми $\mathrm K\mathbb P^2$-субнормальными подгруппами
Authors: Chirik Irina Konstantinovna
Published: December 2015

Устанавливается разрешимость конечной группы $G=AB$ при условии,
что подгруппы $A$ и $B$ разрешимы
и $\mathrm K\mathbb P^2$-субнормальны
в группе $G$.
Библиография: 7 названий.
Об одном алгоритме многомерных цепных дробей и линейной зависимости чисел
Authors: Borodina Ekaterina B
Published: December 2015

В статье рассматривается алгоритм Гютинга построения
многомерных цепных дробей. Доказано, что в случае размерности два
этот алгоритм позволяет находить
коэффициенты линейной зависимости чисел; указан критерий,
позволяющий проверить, что найденные алгоритмом неполные частные
действительно являются элементами цепной дроби для раскладываемых,
вообще говоря иррациональных чисел.
Библиография: 3 названия.
Japanese Language and "Characters": From the Perspective of Teaching Japanese as a Foreign Language
Authors: SHUKURI Yukiko
Published: December 2015

This paper introduces current status of "role language" and the "speaker's character" and their applications in Japanese teaching materials. Besides it studies the knowledge of Russian learners of Japanese and carefully examines their knowledge of four typical kinds of "role language" in Japanese anime and manga by using a questionnaire and follow-up interviews. From the results of the textbook research, the following two things are revealed; (a) first person pronouns except for watashi are rarely used, (b) there is not enough explanations about different "speaker's characters" in detail. Furthermore, findings of the questionnaire show that some of the learners who have the same impression of the characters as Japanese native speakers, wrongly connect a certain "role language" to illustrations of a character, and results of as much as three kinds of "role language" have a low positive correlation with the learners' results of the Japanese Language Proficiency Test. Results also reveal that all four kinds of "role language" have no correlation with other factors, such as student's duration of learning Japanese, or frequency of the use of Japanese outside the classroom.
"Characters" in Japanese Communication and Language: An Overview
Authors: SADANOBU Toshiyuki
Published: December 2015

There are various ideas related to characters in modern Japan (dramatis personae, Ito's (2005) Kyara and its self-professed successors' ideas, and situation-based self). This paper will introduce these ideas, address my definition of character (situation-based self) in detail, and discuss its significance for communication and linguistic research.The major characteristics of this definition are: (i) it is based on the traditionally taboo idea that "humans can change in response to the situation," and (ii) it is not something created by a researcher (the author), but was rather formed by speakers of Japanese in the course of daily life. I merely employed this word as it is, as a technical term.Japanese speakers are keenly conscious of the self’s situation-sensitiveness, but there is no need to think of Japanese society as unique just because it was the first to come out about this fact to the world. This characteristic of Japanese society can be understood as a difference of degree; that is, there is "a low degree of freedom in style, and a correspondingly large degree of freedom in character."
Translating Culture: Contemporary African American Poetry
Authors: Kočan Šalamon Kristina
Published: December 2015

The paper interrogates cultural specifics of contemporary African American poetry and exhibits translation problems when translating this poetic work. African American writers have always included much of their cultural heritage in their writing and this is immediately noticed by a translator. The cultural elements, such as African American cuisine, attire and style in general, as well as spiritual and religious practices, often play a significant role for African American poets who are proclaiming their identity. Moreover, the paper presents the translation problems that emerge when attempting to transfer such a specific, even exotic, source culture into a target culture, like Slovene. The goal is to show to what extent contemporary African American poetry can successfully be translated into the Slovene language and to highlight the parts that inevitably remain lost in the translation process.
RINOSSINUSITE FÚNGICA NÃO ASPERGILAR EM UM HOSPITAL TERCIÁRIO E RELATO DO PRIMEIRO CASO DE INFECCÃO HUMANA POR TRICHODERMA ASPERELLUM
Authors: Cardoso Isabel Cristina Espíndola , Severo Cecília Bittencourt , Oliveira Flávio De Mattos , Araújo Elizabeth , Hochhegger Bruno , Irion Klaus Loureiro , Severo Luiz Carlos
Published: December 2015

Descrevemos 27 casos de rinossinusite fúngica causada por agentes não aspergilares diagnosticados em nossa instituição durante um período de 24 anos. O foco do estudo foi o agente causal e fatores predisponentes. Em 20 casos foi isolado o agente fúngico e, em 7, não houve crescimento. A rinossinusite foi classificada em invasiva e não invasiva com base em avaliação clínica, radiológica e histopatológica. Os agentes patogénicos mais comuns foram Histoplasma capsulatum (n = 4), Scedosporium apiospermum (n = 2), Alternaria alternata (n = 2), Schizophyllum commune (n = 2), Pseudallescheria boydii (n = 1), Penicillium sp (n=1), Lichtheimia (Absidia) corymbifera (n = 1), Xylaria enteroleuca (n = 1), Trichoderma asperellum (n = 1), T. harzianum (n = 1), T. viride (n = 1), Fusarium solani (n = 1), Cladosporium sp (n = 1) e Cryptococcus neoformans (n = 1). Os casos em que não ocorreu crescimento foram classificados, com base nos achados histopatológicos, como hialohifomicose (n = 4) e mucormicose (n = 3). Além disso, descrevemos o primeiro caso de rinossinusite humana pelo T. asperellum.
PLATYNOSOMUM FASTOSUM EM UM GATO ASSINTOMÁTICO NO ESTADO DO ESPÍRITO SANTO: PRIMEIRO RELATO
Authors: Gava Maylla Garschagen , Hiura Emy , Lopes Aline del Carmen Garcia , Vieira Fernanda De Toledo , Flecher Mayra Cunha , Da Fonseca Leandro Abreu , Soares Filippe Elias De Freitas , Giuberti Thais Zanotti , Leite Flaviana Lima Guião , Lenz Dominik , Rassele Alice Correa , Da Paz Jeanne Saraiva , Alves Andréa , Braga Fábio Ribeiro
Published: December 2015

Platynosomum fastosum é um parasito de felinos, entre os quais os gatos domésticos, sobretudo os originados de locais onde o clima é tropical e subtropical. Este é o parasito hepático mais comum de gatos domésticos e se localiza geralmente nas vias biliares e vesícula biliar, mas também pode ser encontrado no intestino delgado e pâncreas. A infecção se dá por meio da ingestão de lagartixa contendo as metacercárias que, nas vias biliares de gatos domésticos, causam uma colangite. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi relatar a ocorrência de P. fastosum, verificada por meio de necropsia de um gato doméstico, assintomático, com histórico de morte súbita, recebido no setor de Patologia Animal do Hospital Veterinário Ricardo Alexandre Hippler, Espírito Santo, Brasil. No exame macroscópico, foram observados exemplares adultos de P. fastosum no interior dos ductos biliares que se encontravam visivelmente dilatados. No exame histopatológico, foram confirmadas dilatação, presença de parasitos e proliferações papilares para a luz dos ductos, seguindo-se a classificação como colangiohepatite associada à infecção por P. fastosum. Este é o primeiro relato da ocorrência de P. fastosum em um gato doméstico no Espírito Santo.
PLANTAS DA AMAZÔNIA BRASILEIRA COM POTENCIAL LEISHMANICIDA in vitro
Authors: Meneguetti Dionatas Ulises De Oliveira , Lima Renato Abreu , Macedo Sharon Rose Aragão , De Barros Neuza Biguinati , Facundo João Bezerra , Militão Júlio Sancho Linhares Teixeira , Nicolete Roberto , Facundo Valdir Alves
Published: December 2015

A preocupação em buscar novos fármacos para o tratamento da leishmaniose é cada vez maior em virtude da toxicidade dos existentes e do aumento da resistência do parasito, o que representa uma ameaça ao controle da doença. O presente estudo apresenta uma revisão bibliográfica sobre as plantas da Amazônia brasileira com potencial atividade leishmanicida in vitro. Constatouse uma grande diversidade de espécies vegetais da Amazônia brasileira com potencial para a investigação de novos fitoterápicos e metabólitos secundários com ação leishmanicida, além do tratamento de outras parasitoses negligenciadas. A presente revisão demonstrou que as espécies dos gêneros Casearia, Croton e Physalis são fortes candidatas para busca de novos fármacos, visto que apresentaram um IC50 menor que 1?g/mL em testes in vitro contra as formas promastigotas ou amastigotas de Leishmania spp. Ressalta-se a importância de estudos futuros sobre espécies que apresentem metabólitos terpenoides ou esteroides em virtude do potencial leishmanicida que têm demonstrado.
AVALIAÇÃO DA COLONIZAÇÃO POR Streptococcus agalactiae EM GESTANTES DE ALTO RISCO ATENDIDAS EM NITERÓI-RJ, BRASIL
Authors: Barros Rosana Rocha , Jobst Rosele Medeiros Silva , De Souza Andréa Farias , De Melo André Luiz , De Mondino Silvia Susana Bona
Published: December 2015

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a colonização por Streptococcus agalactiae em gestantes e determinar a susceptibilidade aos antimicrobianos e o tipo capsular das amostras bacterianas isoladas. Foi avaliado um total de 114 gestantes de alto risco, atendidas no serviço de pré- natal do Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro, Universidade Federal Fluminense, entre 1º de setembro de 2013 e 31 de agosto de 2014. Secreções vaginais/anorretais, coletadas com auxílio de swabs, foram cultivadas e as culturas positivas submetidas à identificação da espécie e à determinação do perfil susceptibilidade aos antimicrobianos pela técnica de difusão em agar e o tipo capsular por PCR-multiplex. A taxa de colonização foi de 6,1%, sem diferenças significativas entre as gestantes colonizadas ou não no que diz respeito a idade, grau de instrução e ocorrência de gestações anteriores. Por outro lado, a ausência de infecções bacterianas no momento da coleta foi significativamente associada à colonização por S. agalactiae. As amostras mostraram-se susceptíveis aos antimicrobianos ceftriaxona, clindamicina, eritromicina, levofloxacina, penicilina e vancomicina. Resistência à tetraciclina foi observada em 75% das amostras. Os tipos capsulares encontrados foram Ia (50%) e III (50%). A frequência de colonização por S. agalactiae foi inferior à observada em outros estudos, o que pode estar associado à clientela assistida nesta instituição. As amostras isoladas foram susceptíveis aos antimicrobianos recomendados para a profilaxia da infecção neonatal. Tais amostras albergaram os determinantes genéticos de tipos capsulares associados às infecções neonatais. Estes resultados realçam a necessidade do contínuo monitoramento da colonização a fim de se prevenir a infecção esteptocócica neonatal.
FREQUÊNCIA DE PARASITOS INTESTINAIS E COMENSAIS EM CATADORES DE LIXO DE DUAS COOPERATIVAS NO DISTRITO FEDERAL, BRASIL
Authors: Pereira Ingrid Gabrielle Santiago , Rodrigues Camila Silva , Gurgel-Gonçalves Rodrigo , Machado Eleuza Rodrigues
Published: December 2015

Este estudo descreve a ocorrência de parasitos intestinais e comensais em catadores de lixo de duas cooperativas de materiais recicláveis do Distrito Federal. Amostras de fezes de 75 indivíduos foram analisadas segundo os métodos de Rugai e da sedimentação espontânea. Um questionário foi aplicado para avaliar os conhecimentos dos catadores acerca de doenças causadas pelo manuseio do lixo e das formas de prevenção. Foram diagnosticados 60 (80%) indivíduos com protozoários ou helmintos intestinais. Os protozoários mais frequentes nos indivíduos infectados foram Entamoeba coli (43%), Endolimax nana (28%) e Entamoeba hartmanni (15%). Helmintos, como Ascaris lumbricoides (12%), ancilostomídeos (8%) e Strongyloides stercoralis (8%), também foram encontrados. As outras espécies identificadas foram: E. histolytica / dispar (8%), Giardia lamblia (7%), Hymenolepis diminuta (3%) e Hymenolepis nana (3%). Entre os catadores, 39 (65%) apresentaram infecções mistas. A maioria (80%) afirmou que tivera alguma doença parasitária e 72% informaram que já haviam realizado exame de fezes. Todos os indivíduos consideraram importante o uso de equipamentos de proteção individual, porém apenas 40% trabalhavam com luvas. A adoção de hábitos saudáveis de higiene e o uso adequado de equipamentos de proteção individual devem reduzir a ocorrência de parasitos intestinais nestes indivíduos.
OCORRÊNCIA DE ANTICORPOS ANTI-Brucella ovis EM OVINOS DE SINOP E REGIÃO, MATO GROSSO, BRASIL
Authors: Manhezzo Tulio Geraldino , Da Conceiçao Luciana Auxiliadora Viebrantz , De Castro Bruno Gomes
Published: December 2015

Neste estudo, foi realizado um levantamento soroepidemiológico da brucelose ovina por Brucella ovis em ovinos em idade reprodutiva da região norte-matogrossense com os objetivos de verificar frequência e distribuição da infecção por B. ovis em propriedades rurais e analisar os possíveis fatores de risco associados à infecção. Foram investigadas 11 propriedades criadoras de ovinos, das quais foram coletadas 337 amostras de sangue de carneiros e ovelhas de quatro municípios da mesorregião do Alto Teles Pires e Sinop, Mato Grosso. Os soros foram examinados pela técnica de imunodifusão em gel de ágar. De acordo com as análises, 72,7% (n=8) das propriedades apresentaram evidência sorológica de infecção por B. ovis, com uma frequência média de 13,9% (I.C.99%) de animais sororreagentes. Nas propriedades que higienizavam suas instalações com maior frequência e naquelas que realizavam criação no sistema extensivo, a soropositividade foi estatisticamente inferior (p<0,05). Assim, neste estudo preliminar, verificou-se que a ovinocultura na região norte-matogrossense ainda não é uma atividade econômica primária, o que leva a uma baixa produtividade e gera predisposição à ocorrência da brucelose ovina e outras enfermidades em decorrência da baixa tecnificação da atividade.
AVALIAÇÃO DA INFECÇÃO ANOGENITAL POR PAPILOMAVÍRUS HUMANOS EM HOMENS ASSINTOMÁTICOS DO RIO DE JANEIRO, BRASIL
Authors: Da Rocha Willker Menezes , Afonso Larissa Alves , Dobao Elisabete , Gouvea Tegnus Depes , Carestiato Fernanda Nahoum , Cavalcanti Silvia Maria Baeta
Published: December 2015

A infecção pelo papilomavírus humano (HPV) está entre as doenças sexualmente transmissíveis (DST) mais prevalentes no mundo. No entanto, ainda existem lacunas no conhecimento sobre a história natural da infecção por HPV em homens. Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar a prevalência de infecção por HPV em amostras de esfregaços penianos derivadas de uma população masculina clinicamente assintomática. Para tanto, 261 amostras foram coletadas entre janeiro de 2011 e julho de 2013 em diferentes instituições da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. As amostras foram coletadas da glande, corona, frênulo e sulco coronal. A identificação viral foi feita por meio das técnicas de Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase genérica e tipo-específica e de Polimorfismo do Comprimento do Fragmento de Restrição. A prevalência da infecção por HPV foi de 16,5% (43 indivíduos). O tipo de HPV mais prevalente foi o HPV6 (34,9%), seguido pelo HPV16 (23,3%), HPV11 (16,3%), HPV45 (9,3%) e HPV58 (2,3%). Assim, a infecção foi associada a tipos de baixo risco oncogênico em 53,7% dos indivíduos estudados e a tipos de alto risco oncogênico em 46,3% destes indivíduos. Resultados estatisticamente significativos foram encontrados para o grupo de homens que fazem sexo com homens, o grupo que afirma manter relações sexuais anais e indivíduos não circuncidados. Após ajustes estatísticos, o comportamento sexual e a não circuncisão permaneceram como fatores de risco independentes para a infecção por HPV. Acreditamos que estes resultados possam contribuir para uma visão mais clara a respeito da circulação do HPV na população masculina em geral, bem como para a identificação dos fatores de risco associados com a epidemiologia da infecção por HPV em nosso estado.
Duodenal Gangliocytic Paraganglioma With Lymph Node Metastasis
Authors: Park Hyung Kyu , Han Hye Seung
Published: December 2015

Gangliocytic paraganglioma is a rare tumor that occurs most commonly in the second portion of the duodenum. It is characterized by its triphasic cellular differentiation: epithelioid neuroendocrine cells, spindle cells with Schwann cell differentiation, and ganglion cells. Most gangliocytic paragangliomas are considered benign and are amenable to local excision. However, to our knowledge, 23 cases with lymph node metastasis have been reported, 1 case of bone metastasis, and 2 cases of liver metastases. Predictive factors that have been suggested for lymph node metastasis include size (larger than 2 cm), young age, and tumors exceeding the submucosal layer. Our objective was to review the clinical features, the histopathologic characteristics, and the differential diagnosis of gangliocytic paraganglioma and to discuss the value of the predictive factors for lymph node metastasis.
Validation of the IHC4 Breast Cancer Prognostic Algorithm Using Multiple Approaches on the Multinational TEAM Clinical Trial
Authors: Bartlett John M. S. , Christiansen Jason , Gustavson Mark , Rimm David L. , Piper Tammy , de Velde Cornelis J. H. van , Hasenburg Annette , Kieback Dirk G. , Putter Hein , Markopoulos Christos J. , Dirix Luc Y. , Seynaeve Caroline , Rea Daniel W.
Published: December 2015

Context

Hormone receptors HER2/neu and Ki-67 are markers of residual risk in early breast cancer. An algorithm (IHC4) combining these markers may provide additional information on residual risk of recurrence in patients treated with hormone therapy.

Objective

To independently validate the IHC4 algorithm in the multinational Tamoxifen Versus Exemestane Adjuvant Multicenter Trial (TEAM) cohort, originally developed on the trans-ATAC (Arimidex, Tamoxifen, Alone or in Combination Trial) cohort, by comparing 2 methodologies.

Design

The IHC4 biomarker expression was quantified on TEAM cohort samples (n = 2919) by using 2 independent methodologies (conventional 3,3′-diaminobezidine [DAB] immunohistochemistry with image analysis and standardized quantitative immunofluorescence [QIF] by AQUA technology). The IHC4 scores were calculated by using the same previously established coefficients and then compared with recurrence-free and distant recurrence-free survival, using multivariate Cox proportional hazards modeling.

Results

The QIF model was highly significant for prediction of residual risk (P < .001), with continuous model scores showing a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.012 (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.010–1.014), which was significantly higher than that for the DAB model (HR: 1.008, 95% CI: 1.006–1.009); P < .001). Each model added significant prognostic value in addition to recognized clinical prognostic factors, including nodal status, in multivariate analyses. Quantitative immunofluorescence, however, showed more accuracy with respect to overall residual risk assessment than the DAB model.

Conclusions

The use of the IHC4 algorithm was validated on the TEAM trial for predicting residual risk in patients with breast cancer. These data support the use of the IHC4 algorithm clinically, but quantitative and standardized approaches need to be used.
LGBTQ Collection Assessment: Library Ownership of Resources Cited by Master’s Students
Authors: Graziano Vince
Published: December 2015

Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Queer (LGBTQ) Studies and the broader discipline of sexuality studies are multidisciplinary fields that require a different approach to collection development in academic libraries. Many library collections budgets reflect the traditional divisions by academic department, and multidisciplinary fields often transcend these conventional boundaries. The concept of one selector for one department, while being a well-established and practical approach to collection building, is limited in breadth and scope and is not necessarily suitable for multidisciplinary fields. This study uses citation analysis to assess the LGBTQ collection at Concordia University Libraries, to ascertain collection strengths and weaknesses, and to recommend collaborative collection development as a viable method of building an excellent collection in a multidisciplinary subject area.
The Incidence of Postpartum Metritis and Retained Placenta in Cattle and Buffalo Cows in some Villages Around Baghdad
Authors: H. Naief Al-Saed Abbas , Al Khazraji A.A.H. , Al-Anbari N.N. , Al-Saeidy Hameed Hasson , Hasan Hasan Abid
Published: December 2015

This survey aimed to investigate the incidence rate of some reproductive problems especially retained placenta and metritis in cattle and buffalo cows to design appropriate manners for correction and treatment of such disorders of those two important animals in Iraq. A field survey was carried out on 257 cattle cows during 2011 and 290 during 2012 and 383 local water buffalo cows (Bubalus bubalis), during 2011 and 404 during 2012 in some villages around Baghdad (Al-Fudalia, 7 Nisan and Basmaia) where animals were reared. A complete data about case history, owner complains, clinical examinations for reproductive status, were documented by private clinics during 2011 - 2012. Results revealed that retained placenta percentage in cattle was 12.84, 12.41% during 2011, 2012 respectively, whereas it was 12.53, 12.62% during 2011, 2012 respectively in buffalo cows, in the case of uterine infections percentages, buffalo exhibited the highest percentages (40.46,37.87 %) during 2011, 2012 respectively in the comparison with cattle which showed 35.40, 35.17 % during 2011,2012 respectively. Highly significant differences (p â‰¤ 0.01) between species were observed yearly and during some months during the years of study. We concluded that management programs differences and environmental changes may lead to monthly and yearly differences in reproductive disorders capability.