bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous Laparoscopic Surgery during Deep Inferior Epigastric Artery Perforator Flap Elevation: A Case Report
Authors: Lee Jaemin , Lee Hyung Chul , Lee Byung-Il , Park Seung-Ha , Yoon Eul-Sik
Published: April 2020

As deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) flap surgery is gaining popularity, more patients including BRCA-positive patients need simultaneous laparoscopic surgery. We share our experience on a patient who underwent concurrent laparoscopic hysterectomy during flap elevation with a novel method. A patient diagnosed with a right breast cancer also required laparoscopic hysterectomy due to multiple uterine myoma. After perforator mapping was performed, flap elevation through external oblique fascia level was carried out first, sparing the periumbilical perforator and superficial inferior epigastric vein. Three ports were inserted for laparoscopy on posterior fascia level in the periumbilical area, left upper quadrant area and suprapubic area. The surgery was completed without any complication, gas leaks or vascular injury with the advantage of reduced risk of vascular damage and less surgical incision.
Domestication of Ganoderma leucocontextum, G. resinaceum, and G. gibbosum Collected from Yunnan Province, China
Authors: Luangharn Thatsanee , E. Mortimer Peter , C. Karunarathna Samantha , D. Hyde Kevin , Xu Jianchu
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT: Ganoderma mushrooms have been used in traditional medicines for centuries and as such are highly sought after, especially in Asia. The present study is the first report of the successful cultivation of G. leucocontextum, G. resinaceum, and G. gibbosum collected from the wild, in Yunnan Province, China. One mature fruiting body of the laccate G. leucocontextum, one mature fruiting body of the laccate G. resinaceum, and seven non-laccate G. gibbosum fruiting bodies were collected and isolated into culture. These strains were cultivated using both soil casing layer and non-casing layer methods. The highest yield and biological efficiency (BE) of G. leucocontextum was obtained when using the soil casing layer method (60.43% BE, with 253.82 g/Kg-1 of the total yield) with the non-casing layer method (13.60% BE, with 58.18 g/Kg-1 of the total yield), respectively. Only one cycle of production (26.94% BE and 7.02 g/Kg-1) was obtained for G. resinaceum KUMCC19-0001 when the soil casing layer method was applied, while a high yield of 109.26% BE, with a total yield of 27.75 g/Kg-1, was obtained when the non-casing layer method was used. A BE of 73.80% and total yield of 284.15 g/Kg-1 were obtained for the G. gibbosum KUMCC17-0005 when it was cultivated with a soil casing layer, while a BE of 40.26% and a total yield of 172.08 g/Kg-1 was obtained when the non-casing layer method was used. Based on this comprehensive study, this result will be helpful for the commercial cultivation for laccate G. leucocontextum, G. resinaceum, and non-laccate G. gibbosum.
Amperometric Cholesterol Determination Using HRP Incorporated Carbon Paste Electrode
Authors: Hooda Vikas , Gahlaut Anjum
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT: Elevated level of serum cholesterol has become an utmost risk factor for several diseases. A method has been described for the construction of an HRP incorporated carbon paste based amperometric biosensor for cholesterol detection mounted on cellulose acetate (CA) membrane bounded with enzymes cholesterol esterase and cholesterol oxidase. Electrochemical measurements were implemented with Ag / AgCl as the reference electrode and silver wire as the auxiliary electrode under a capacity of −50mV. The optimum pH of the biosensor was pH 7.0. The incubation temperature and reaction time displayed in a wide temp range from 35 °C to 50 °C was 25 seconds. The linear relationship shown by the sensor was in range from 2.5 to 60 mg dL-1 of the substrate, cholesteryl acetate and amount of current (mA). The correlation coefficient, r was 0.9916 for n=20, being compared to standard colorimetric methods. The mean analytical recovery observed was 99.24±0.81 & 99.12±0.84 after addition of 100mg dL-1 and 200mg dL-1 cholesteryl acetate in serum samples respectively. Coefficient of variation (CV) calculated were <2% & <4 % within and between batch respectively. The present working electrode retained 50% of its initial activity when used continuously for 180 times over 35 days, stored in sodium phosphate buffer, (0.1 M, pH 7.0) at 4oC. There were no practical interferences observed in the present method.
Optimization of Laccase Enzyme Production by Amesia atrobrunnea A2: A First Report
Authors: Thakkar A.T. , Pandya D.C. , Bhatt S.A.
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT: Lignin is one of the recalcitrant compounds largely present in enormous amount on earth. It is considered as major paper industries pollutant because of its brown color and hydrophobicity. Laccase is one of the major lignin degrading enzymes for solution of recent environmental problem. A study was carried out on fungi to establish laccase production potential for industrial and environmental application. The present research for laccase activity was reported by screening 16 isolates from rotted wood samples and agro waste collected from Patan, Gujarat. One of the isolated fungal species showing highest production of laccase enzyme activity was identified to be Amesia atrobrunnea A2. The objective of this work was to isolate laccase producing fungal isolate and optimize the production of laccases by Amesia atrobrunnea A2 in submerged fermentation. Among six variables (temperature, pH, carbon, nitrogen, inducer and cation sources), glucose as carbon source and veratryl alcohol as inducer were identified as good enhancer of laccase production.
Evaluation of Acute Oral Toxicity of a Polyherbal Liver Tonic for Poultry
Authors: Hajare Sunil , Suresh Ingole Ranjit , Sunidhi Sunidhi , Kotagiri Ravikanth , Ganguly Bhaskar
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT: The current study was designed to evaluate the acute oral toxicity potential of Superliv Gold liquid (M/s Ayurvet Limited, Baddi, India) according to OECD 423 guidelines. Superliv Gold liquid is a polyherbal hepatoprotective and hepatoregenerative liver tonic for poultry. Nine female Swiss albino mice were used for the study. Each animal served as its own control. Following the oral administration of the test substance, the animals were observed for manifestation of toxic effects and deaths. No toxic effects or mortalities were observed. The estimation of biochemical parameters (AST, ALT, ALP and creatinine) and histopathological studies also did not reveal any significant findings. Hence, Superliv Gold liquid was found to be safe for use.
Lipolysis Activity of Aflatoxins and Ochratoxins Producing Fungal Strains Contaminating Fresh Cow Meat
Authors: El-Shahir A. A. , Abdel-Sater M. A. , Yassein A. S.
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT: Fungal contamination of meat is the major cause hydrolyzation of lipids and as aresult, change the meat flavor also nutrition value decreases. In this work, we testedSeventy-two species in addition 2 species varieties isolated from fresh cow meat for theirability to produce lipase enzyme. The results confirmed that all fungal isolates can producelipase enzyme with variable degrees. The high producer's isolates were Aspergillus flavus andScopulariopsis fusca so they were chosen for moreover studies for optimization ofenvironmental and nutritional conditions for output of lipase. The results affirmed that idealtemperature, incubation period and pH for maximum production bythe two strains were;30⁰C, 6 days and pH 6 but the difference in the used carbon and nitrogen sources as followolive oil and ammonium molybdate and sunflower oil and potassium nitrate as a sole carbonand nitrogen sources in basal medium which is initially adjusted to pH 6 for maximum lipaseproduction. Four isolates were used as a proof for production of aflatoxins and ochratoxinsby the fluorometric method the results confirmed that all the tested isolates had the ability foraflatoxins and ochratoxins production and HPLC analysis confirmed these results.
Induction heating for eradicating Staphylococcus epidermidis from biofilm
Authors: Pijls Bart G. , Sanders Ingrid M. J. G. , Kujiper Ed J. , Nelissen Rob G. H. H.
Published: April 2020

Aims

Induction heating is a noninvasive, nonantibiotic treatment modality that can potentially be used to cause thermal damage to the bacterial biofilm on the metal implant surface. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of induction heating on killing Staphylococcus epidermidis from biofilm and to determine the possible synergistic effect of induction heating and antibiotics.

Methods

S. epidermidis biofilms were grown on titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) coupons for 24 hours (young biofilm) and seven days (mature biofilm). These coupons with biofilm were heated to temperatures of 50°C, 55°C, 60°C, 65°C, 70°C, 80°C, and 90°C for 3.5 minutes and subsequently exposed to vancomycin and rifampicin at clinically relevant concentrations.

Results

For the young biofilm, total eradication was observed at 65°C or higher for 3.5 minutes followed by 24 hours of vancomycin 10 mg/l and rifampicin 1 mg/l. For the mature biofilm, total eradication was observed at 60°C for 3.5 minutes followed by 24 hours of vancomycin 10 mg/l and rifampicin 1 mg/l. Total eradication was also observed at 60°C for 3.5 minutes followed by 24 hours of vancomycin 1 mg/l and rifampicin 1 mg/l followed by another thermal shock of 60°C for 3.5 minutes (two thermal shocks).

Conclusion

Induction heating of Ti6Al4V coupons is effective in reducing bacterial load in vitro for S. epidermidis biofilms. Induction heating and antibiotics have a synergistic effect resulting in total eradication of the biofilm at 60°C or higher for clinically relevant concentrations of vancomycin and rifampicin. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res. 2020;9(4):192–199.
Engineering advice in policy making: a new domain of inquiry in evidence and policy
Authors: Cooper Adam C.G. , Marvulli Lorenzo , Black Katie , Holmes John , Mehta Harshal
Published: April 2020

Background:

Academic research on technical advice to policy commonly focuses on social and related policy areas such as health, education and crime (Oliver et al. 2014) and disciplinary advice from science disciplines (Jasanoff 1994; Millstone and van Zwanenberg 2001). Little or no prior research in the social sciences have explored engineering expertise in policy domains where such advice is critical (e.g. energy policy).

Aims and objectives:

We aim to establish ‘engineering advice’ as a new domain of inquiry by showing how civil servants view it as distinctive (from ‘science advice’), important and similar to policy making – implying it can clash or complement it.

Methods:

18 qualitative interviews with a purposive sample of officials across a UK ministry were conducted by the authors (all but one of whom were civil servants) in 2012. The qualitative data were thematically coded to address the study aims.

Findings:

A majority of officials spontaneously identified engineering expertise as both distinctive and important for their work. There was clear evidence that it both complemented and clashed with policymaking.

Discussion and conclusions:

We identified a range of interactions that imply a need to consider styles of management internal deployment of experts within policy organisations as well as the implications for policy making and engineering expertise given the way practices overlap. Further research on the ontological, epistemological nature of engineering as it relates to policy making is needed if governments and therefore society are to fully benefit from engineering advice.
Analysis of a highly efficient phase-locking stabilization method for electro-optic comb generation
Authors: Yang Ruitao , Pollinger Florian , Hu Pengcheng , Yang Hongxing , Fu Haijin , Fan Zhigang , Tan Jiubin
Published: April 2020

We theoretically show that a slightly modified Pound–Drever–Hall (PDH) stabilization scheme can lead to the optimum time-domain characteristics for electro-optic comb generators (EOCG). The ideal locking point is located by analyzing the EOCG output pulse width. By summing up the electrical field reflected by the EOCG front mirror, a model of the phase-locking error signal is derived with the Jacobi–Anger identical transformation. The simulation and experiment show that the zero-locking point of the error signal of the modified scheme coincides well with the ideal locking point in contrast with the direct application of the PDH scheme. Finally, a power efficiency of up to 2.9% is achieved with this EOCG stabilization scheme. A relative instability of better than

2.6

×

10

−
8

is demonstrated by a dual comb interferometer with fixed paths. The Allan deviations of the comb mode frequencies are smaller than

2.8

×

10

−
9

and

1.1

×

10

−
10

for average times of 1 and 100 s, respectively.
Resonant waveguide grating reflection filter with a quasi-rectangular spectrum under fully conical incidence
Authors: Fan Lina , Jia Kehui , Ma Junshan
Published: April 2020

We present the design, analysis, and characterization of a filter with a quasi-rectangular spectrum. The spectral features of the filter are achieved by adjusting the incident angle under fully conical incidence. When the incident angle is 75°, the filter with a quasi-rectangular spectrum is presented at the central wavelength of 475 nm. The proposed filter has a bandwidth of 7.3 nm (

R

>

90

%

), its corresponding

Δ
λ

/

λ

is approximately 1.5%, and the estimated rejection ratio is larger than 10 dB. Furthermore, the quasi-rectangular filtering feature is stable in the incident angle range of 75° to 85°. Our approach reveals the quasi-rectangular spectrum attributes of double resonance peaks merger under fully conical incidence and thus can be used to exploit filter devices.
Measurement of the thermophysical properties of self-suspended thin films based on steady-state thermography
Authors: Wang Xin , Zhao Qian , Li Zhuo , Yang Suhui , Zhang Jinying
Published: April 2020

To measure the in-plane thermal conductivity and the infrared emissivity of thin films, a steady-state IR micro-thermography with simplified measurement procedure and new data processing method is presented in this paper. Thermal images at different optical heat intensities were collected by an IR camera. By subtracting two measurement results, the background thermal radiation was eliminated. Infrared emissivity, heat flux density and in-plane thermal conductivity were obtained by data fitting. The most important advantages of the proposed method were that the background thermal radiation was eliminated and the complicated optical absorption measurement was replaced by heat power measurement. We have performed measurements on self-suspended polyimide films with different thicknesses. For 504 nm thick film, the thermal conductivity and infrared emissivity in 7∼14 µm were 0.18 Wm−1K−1 and 0.07, respectively. The measurement uncertainty of the thermal conductivity and infrared emissivity were lower than 13% and 10%, respectively, which were much lower than the previous reported value (20%) from the steady-state method. Our measurement procedure was suitable for analyzing thin films with a wide range of thermal properties.
Ultraviolet-B persistent luminescence and thermoluminescence of bismuth ion doped garnet phosphors
Authors: Sun Hongxu , Gao Qingqing , Wang Aiying , Liu Yichun , Wang Xiao-jun , Liu Feng
Published: April 2020

Ultraviolet persistent luminescence technology holds potential for some new applications where ultraviolet emission is needed but constant external excitation is unavailable. Despite the promising applications, not much is known about such luminescence. Here we report ultraviolet-B (290−320 nm) persistent luminescence phenomenon in isostructural Y3Ga5O12:Bi3+ and Y3Al5O12:Bi3+ phosphors. We further investigate the luminescence by measuring thermoluminescence of the two phosphors. Our spectral results indicate that conventional thermoluminescence measurement cannot directly evaluate the electron population in the traps of Y3Ga5O12:Bi3+, in which the ultraviolet emission is suppressed at high temperature due to a thermal ionization quenching. We believe that the insight of the present trap performance is transferable to other ultraviolet persistent phosphors.
The Effect of Foreign Ownership and Foreign Board Commissioners on Tax Avoidance
Authors: Suranta Eddy , Midiastuty Pratana , Hasibuan Hairani Ramayanti
Published: April 2020

This study aims to provide empirical evidence of the influence of foreign ownership and foreign board of commissioners on tax avoidance. The dependent variable is tax avoidance, measured using an effective tax rate proxy (ETR), and the independent variable is the structure of foreign ownership and foreign board of commissioners. It tested the theory of legitimacy using the sample consisting of 53 non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2012-2016. The results showed that the structure of foreign ownership has a positive effect on tax avoidance, where the greater the structure of foreign ownership, the higher the company to avoid tax. The results of the study do not support the legitimacy theory, explaining the role of foreign ownership in gaining legitimacy from the public by not doing tax avoidance. Furthermore, this study also proves that the proportion of foreign commissioners does not influence tax avoidance. The implication is that the government can encourage increased foreign ownership in order to optimize tax payment or to minimize tax avoidance.
Численное интегрирование матричным методом и оценка порядка аппроксимации разностных краевых задач
для неоднородных линейных обыкновенных дифференциальных уравнений четвертого порядка
с переменными коэффициентами
Authors: Маклаков Владимир Николаевич , Maklakov Vladimir Nikolaevich , Ильичева Мария Александровна , Ilicheva Mariya Aleksandrovna
Published: April 2020

Использование многочлена Тейлора второй степени при аппроксимации производных конечными разностями приводит ко второму порядку аппроксимации традиционного метода сеток при численном интегрировании краевых задач для неоднородных линейных обыкновенных дифференциальных уравнений второго порядка с переменными коэффициентами. В работе при исследовании краевых задач для неоднородных линейных обыкновенных дифференциальных уравнений четвертого порядка с переменными коэффициентами рассмотрен предложенный ранее метод численного интегрирования, использующий средства матричного исчисления, в котором аппроксимация производных конечными разностями не использовалась. Согласно указанному методу, при составлении системы разностных уравнений может быть выбрана произвольная степень многочлена Тейлора в разложении искомого решения задачи в ряд Тейлора.
В работе возможные граничные условия дифференциальной краевой задачи записаны как в виде производных степеней от нуля до трех, так и в виде линейных комбинаций этих степеней. Краевая задача названа симметричной, если количества граничных условий в левой и правой границах совпадают и равны двум; в противном случае задача названа несимметричной. Для дифференциальной краевой задачи составлена ее аппроксимирующая разностная краевая задача в виде двух подсистем: в первую подсистему вошли уравнения, при построении которых не были использованы граничные условия краевой задачи; во вторую подсистему вошли четыре уравнения, при построении которых были использованы граничные условия задачи.
Теоретически выявлены закономерности между порядком аппроксимации разностной краевой задачи и степенью используемого многочлена Тейлора.
Установлено следующее:
а) порядок аппроксимации первой и второй подсистем пропорционален степени используемого многочлена Тейлора;
б) порядок аппроксимации первой подсистемы меньше степени многочлена Тейлора на две единицы при ее четном значении и меньше на три единицы при ее нечетном значении;
в) порядок аппроксимации второй подсистемы меньше степени многочлена Тейлора на три единицы независимо как от четности или нечетности этой степени, так и от степени старшей производной в граничных условиях краевой задачи.
Вычислен порядок аппроксимации разностной краевой задачи со всеми возможными комбинациями граничных условий.
Теоретические выводы подтверждены численными экспериментами.
Скорость переноса энергии плоской монохроматической электромагнитной волной через слой вещества
Authors: Давидович Михаил Владимирович , Davidovich Mikhail Vladimirovich
Published: April 2020

Рассмотрены стационарные задачи для прохождения (туннелирования) плоской электромагнитной волны через слой вещества с диэлектрическими свойствами, а также и квантовой частицы через прямоугольный
потенциальный барьер. Показано, что сверхсветовых движений не возникает, а время прохождения всегда больше времени при прохождении
структуры со скоростью света.
Anforderungen und Erwartungen an eine lexikografische Ressource des gesprochenen Deutsch aus der L2-Lernerperspektive
Authors: Meliss Meike , Möhrs Christine , Ribeiro Silveira Maria
Published: April 2020

In the project LeGeDe („Lexik des gesprochenen Deutsch”), we are developing a corpus-based lexicographical resource focusing on features of the lexicon of spoken German. To investigate the expectations of future users, two studies were conducted: interviews with a smaller group of experts and a large-scale online survey. We report on selected results, mainly from the online survey and with a focus on the learning perspective. We want to show if and to which extent the L2-learners’ expectations differ from those of native speakers and in which aspects the two groups agree. We also want to give an outlook on the possibilities that will be available to learners in the planned lexicographical resource.
miR-92 regulates the proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis of glioma cells by targeting neogenin
Authors: Wang Yi , Tian Yaohui , Li Zonghao , Zheng Zhaoke , Zhu Liangliang
Published: April 2020

This study aimed to explore the pathological mechanism in regulating glioma progression. The expression of miR-92 and neogenin was evaluated by qRT-PCR and western blot. Cell viability and apoptosis were measured by MTT and flow cytometry assays, respectively. The migration and invasion abilities were examined by transwell assays. The interaction between miR-92 and neogenin was conducted by dual-luciferase reporter system. As a result, we found that the expression of miR-92 was up-regulated in glioma tissues and cell lines. Down-regulation of miR-92 inhibited glioma cell proliferation, migration, invasion and promoted cell apoptosis rate of U251 and U87 cells. Notably, miR-92 was identified to directly target to 3’-UTR of neogenin. Furthermore, neogenin was down-regulated in glioma tissues and cells in a miR-92-correlated manner. Overexpression of neigenin could cause similar results to miR-92 knockdown in U251 and U87 cells. However, the silencing of neogenin partially reversed the effects of miR-92 knockdown on cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis of glioma cells in vitro. In conclusion, we clarified that miR-92 knockdown could suppress the malignant progression of glioma cells in vitro by targeting neogenin. Therefore, miR-92 could serve as a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker in glioma patients
Experimental Study on the Effect of Hardness on the Erosion Resistance of Coatings and Rubber for Hydropower Applications
Authors: Wang Xin
Published: April 2020

Polymeric coatings are used to protect concrete hydropower structures from damage by particle-laden, fast-moving water. In this research, a new experimental method is proposed to simulate this tribosystem. Test materials are submerged in an agitated vessel containing basalt particles and abraded for a fixed time. This paper describes the use of this test to screen polyurea coatings of various types of hardness. The use of such test on rubbers is also described. Results present that the wear process of the polyurea is stable and the wear loss is linear with the erosion time. When the hardness of the polyurea or seal rubber increases, the erosion resistance indicates a downward trend and the surface becomes smooth from rough. A polyurea hardness of Shore D30 and a seal rubber hardness of Shore A70 produce the best slurry erosion resistance. The erosion resistance of the polyurea is much better than that of the high-performance concrete. If the wear thickness is regarded as the evaluation indicator, then the erosion resistance of the polyurea of Shore D30 is approximately 60 times more than that of the high-performance concrete.
Feedback Adaptation to Unpredictable Force Fields in 250 ms
Authors: Crevecoeur Frédéric , Mathew James , Bastin Marie , Lefèvre Philippe
Published: April 2020

Motor learning and adaptation are important functions of the nervous system. Classical studies have characterized how humans adapt to changes in the environment during tasks such as reaching, and have documented improvements in behavior across movements. However, little is known about how quickly the nervous system adapts to such disturbances. In particular, recent work has suggested that adaptation could be sufficiently fast to alter the control strategies of an ongoing movement. To further address the possibility that learning occurred within a single movement, we designed a series of human reaching experiments to extract from muscles recordings the latency of feedback adaptation. Our results confirmed that participants adapted their feedback responses to unanticipated force fields applied randomly. In addition, our analyses revealed that the feedback response was specifically and finely tuned to the ongoing perturbation not only across trials with the same force field, but also across different kinds of force fields. Finally, changes in muscle activity consistent with feedback adaptation occurred in ∼250 ms following reach onset. The adaptation that we observed across trials presented in a random context was similar to the one observed when the force fields could be anticipated, suggesting that these two adaptive processes may be closely linked to each other. In such case, our measurement of 250 ms may correspond to the latency of motor adaptation in the nervous system.
Estimating and Examining the Replicability of Belief System Networks
Authors: Brandt Mark J.
Published: April 2020

Belief system structure can be investigated by estimating belief systems as networks of interacting political attitudes, but we do not know if these estimates are replicable. In a sample of 31 countries from the World Values Survey (N = 52,826), I find that countries’ belief system networks are relatively replicable in terms of connectivity, proportion of positive edges, some centrality measures (e.g., expected influence), and the estimates of individual edges. Betweenness, closeness, and strength centrality estimates are more unstable. Belief system networks estimated with smaller samples or in countries with more unstable political systems tend to be less replicable than networks estimated with larger samples in stable political systems. Although these analyses are restricted to the items available in the World Values Survey, they show that belief system networks can be replicable, but that this replicability is related to features of the study design and the political system.
Microarray profile of B cells from Graves’ disease patients reveals biomarkers of proliferation
Authors: Jiang Xuechao , Wang Yonghui , Li Xiaoying , He Leqi , Yang Qian , Wang Wei , Liu Jun , Zha Bingbing
Published: April 2020

B lymphocytes are the source of autoantibodies against the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) in Graves’ disease (GD). Characterization of autoimmune B-cell expression profiles might enable a better understanding of GD pathogenesis. To reveal this, the expression levels of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs (genes) in purified B cells from patients with newly diagnosed GD and healthy individuals were compared using microarrays, which elucidated 604 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DE-lncRNAs) and 410 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). GO and pathway analyses revealed that the DEGs are mainly involved in immune response. A protein–protein interaction network presented experimentally validated interactions among the DEGs. Two independent algorithms were used to identify the DE-lncRNAs that regulate the DEGs. Functional annotation of the deregulated lncRNA–mRNA pairs identified 14 pairs with mRNAs involved in cell proliferation. The lncRNAs TCONS_00022357-XLOC_010919 and n335641 were predicted to regulate TCL1 family AKT coactivator A (TCL1A), and the lncRNA n337845 was predicted to regulate SH2 domain containing 1A (SH2D1A). TCL1A and SH2D1A are highly involved in B-cell proliferation. The differential expression of both genes was validated by qRT-PCR. In conclusion, lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles of B cells from patients with GD indicated that the lncRNA–mRNA pairs n335641–TCL1A, TCONS_00022357-XLOC_010919–TCL1A, and n337845–SH2D1A may participate in GD pathogenesis by modulating B-cell proliferation and survival. Therefore, the identified lncRNA and mRNA may represent novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for GD.
Traumatic brain injuries induced pituitary dysfunction: a call for algorithms
Authors: Gilis-Januszewska Aleksandra , Kluczyński Łukasz , Hubalewska-Dydejczyk Alicja
Published: April 2020

Traumatic brain injury affects many people each year, resulting in a serious burden of devastating health consequences. Motor-vehicle and work-related accidents, falls, assaults, as well as sport activities are the most common causes of traumatic brain injuries. Consequently, they may lead to permanent or transient pituitary insufficiency that causes adverse changes in body composition, worrisome metabolic function, reduced bone density, and a significant decrease in one’s quality of life. The prevalence of post-traumatic hypopituitarism is difficult to determine, and the exact mechanisms lying behind it remain unclear. Several probable hypotheses have been suggested. The diagnosis of pituitary dysfunction is very challenging both due to the common occurrence of brain injuries, the subtle character of clinical manifestations, the variable course of the disease, as well as the lack of proper diagnostic algorithms. Insufficiency of somatotropic axis is the most common abnormality, followed by presence of hypogonadism, hypothyroidism, hypocortisolism, and diabetes insipidus. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current state of knowledge about post-traumatic hypopituitarism. Moreover, based on available data and on our own clinical experience, we suggest an algorithm for the evaluation of post-traumatic hypopituitarism. In addition, well-designed studies are needed to further investigate the pathophysiology, epidemiology, and timing of pituitary dysfunction after a traumatic brain injury with the purpose of establishing appropriate standards of care.
Thyrotropin receptor signaling deficiency impairs spatial learning and memory in mice
Authors: Luan Sisi , Bi Wenkai , Shi Shulong , Peng Li , Li Zhanbin , Jiang Jie , Gao Ling , Du Yifeng , Hou Xu , He Zhao , Zhao Jiajun
Published: April 2020

Subclinical hyperthyroidism, a condition characterized by decreased thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and normal concentration of thyroid hormone, is associated with an elevated risk for cognitive impairment. TSH is the major endogenous ligand of the TSH receptor (TSHR) and its role is dependent on signal transduction of TSHR. It has not, however, been established whether TSHR signaling is involved in the regulation of cognition. Here, we utilized Tshr knockout mice and found that Tshr deletion led to significantly compromised performance in learning and memory tests. Reduced dendritic spine density and excitatory synaptic density as well as altered synaptic structure in CA1 subfield of the hippocampus were also noted. Furthermore, the synapse-related gene expression was altered in the hippocampus of Tshr
-/- mice. These findings suggest that TSHR signaling deficiency impairs spatial learning and memory, which discloses a novel role of TSHR signaling in brain function.
A Case of Postoperative Covid-19 Infection After Cardiac Surgery: Lessons Learned
Authors: Rescigno Giuseppe , Firstenberg Michael , Rudez Igor , Uddin Mauin , Nagarajan Kumar , Nikolaidis Nicholas
Published: April 2020

While the focus of the medical community is on the management of COVID-19 and its associated complex presentations, it is critical to recognize that patients will continue to present with other medical problems that require urgent therapeutic interventions. There is growing concern that such interventions might have an impact on the natural history of COVID-19. We present a case of a patient who presented with unstable angina and multivessel coronary artery disease for which coronary artery bypass surgery was indicated and performed. Unfortunately, he succumbed to respiratory complications attributed to COVID-19. Our experience suggests concern about adverse outcomes in patients undergoing cardiac surgery who might be infected with COVID-19. Clearly, additional investigations and experience are needed.
A Method for Rapid Selection of Randomly Induced Mutations in a Gene of Interest Using CRISPR/Cas9 Mediated Activation of Gene Expression
Authors: Ng William A , Ma Andrew , Chen Molly , Reed Bruce H
Published: April 2020

We have developed a CRISPR/Cas9 based method for isolating randomly induced recessive lethal mutations in a gene of interest (GOI) by selection within the F1 progeny of a single genetic cross. Our method takes advantage of the ability to overexpress a GOI using CRISPR/Cas9 mediated activation of gene expression. In essence, the screening strategy is based upon the idea that if overexpression of a wild type allele can generate a phenotype, then overexpression of a newly induced loss-of-function allele will lack this phenotype. As a proof-of-principle, we used this method to select EMS induced mutations of the Drosophila gene hindsight (hnt). From approximately 45,000 F1 progeny we recovered 8 new EMS induced loss-of-function hnt alleles that we characterized as an allelic series of hypomorphic mutations. This new method can, in theory, be used to recover randomly induced point mutants in a GOI and can be applied to any circumstance where CRISPR/Cas9 mediated activation of gene expression is associated with lethality or a visible phenotype.
Determinación del contenido energético de materiales forrajeros a través de la relación entre la técnica de producción de gas in vitro y la ecuación mecanicista del NRC (2001)
Authors: Arce-Ramírez Walter , Rojas-Bourrillon Augusto , Campos-Granados Carlos Mario
Published: April 2020

El objetivo de este estudio fue estimar el contenido de energía metabolizable (EM) de fuentes forrajeras utilizadas en Costa Rica por medio de la ecuación del NRC (2001) y las ecuaciones utilizadas en la metodología de producción de gas in vitro a las 24 horas de incubación (PG24h). La composición química, bromatológica y la producción de gas se analizaron en el Centro de Investigación en Nutrición Animal (CINA). Se seleccionaron las dos ecuaciones de la metodología de gas con los mejores coeficientes de determinación respecto a la ecuación NRC (2001): Steingass y Menke (1980) y Menke y Steingass (1988). Mediante un análisis de correlación de Pearson y un análisis de regresión lineal se evaluó la relación entre la composición nutricional de los alimentos y ambas metodologías de estimación de energía. Los forrajes con mayor y menor EM obtenida con la ecuación NRC (2001) fueron el Ryegrass (2,59 Mcal kg/MS)  y Camerún (1,79 Mcal kg/MS). De acuerdo a la ecuación del NRC (2001) se determinó que la fibra detergente neutro (FDN), fibra detergente ácido (FDA) y lignina influyen negativamente en la concentración de energía (R2= -0,56; -0,54; -0,35; p<0,05, respectivamente), mientras que la proteína cruda (PC) y el extracto etéreo (EE) tienen una correlación positiva. La ecuación con el coeficiente de determinación más alto (R2=0,72) considera las variables de PG24h, PC, FDN y lignina. La producción de gas no se ve afectada por la concentración de PC, cenizas y EE (p>0,05), pero se ve afectada negativamente por la FDN, FDA y la lignina, con coeficientes de correlación de Pearson de -0,44, -0,32 y -0,33 (p<0,05)respectivamente. El forraje con mayor PG24h fue la caña de azúcar, seguido de Festulolium y Ryegrass, mientras que el pasto Camerún y la Cratylia obtuvieron valores menores. El Ryegrass y el Camerún fueron los forrajes con mayor y menor energía respectivamente, estimados a partir de la ecuación de gas seleccionada. Las fracciones fibrosas se correlacionaron negativamente con la energía determinada mediante la ecuación de gas, mientras que la PC y EE presentan una relación positiva. La técnica de producción de gases demostró ser efectiva para estimar el contenido energético de fuentes forrajeras, a partir de una metodología que incluye menos análisis y por ende deriva en un menor costo por concepto de análisis de laboratorio.
Rethinking Hijab in Contemporary Indonesia: A Study of Hijab Community “Tuneeca Lover Community”
Authors: Nuroniyah Wardah
Published: April 2020

Hijab (veil) for female Muslims has been subject to a debate regarding its meanings. On the one hand, it represents the virtue of religious obedience and piety. Still, on the other hand, it is associated with the form of women oppressions in the public domain. At this point, the hijab has been an arena of contesting interpretations. Meanwhile, contemporary Indonesia is witnessing the increase in the use of veil among urban female Muslims that leads to the birth of various hijab wearer communities. One of them is Tuneeca Lover Community (TLC). This community has become a new sphere where female Muslims articulate their ideas about Islam through various activities such as religious gathering, hijab tutorial class, fashion show, and charity activities. This study seeks to answer several questions: Why do these women decide to wear a hijab? Why do they join the TLC? How do they perceive the veil? Is it related to religious doctrines or other factors such as lifestyle? This research employs a qualitative method using documentation and interview to gather the data among 150 members of the TLC.  This research shows that their understanding of the hijab results from the common perception that places the veil as a religious obligation. Nevertheless, each of the members has one's orientation over the hijab. This paper also suggests that they try to transform this understanding into modern settings. As a consequence, they are not only committed to the traditionally spiritual meaning of the hijab but are also nuanced with modern ideas such as lifestyle and particular social class. Their participation in the TLC enables them to reach both goals simultaneously.
La legitimación política como problema estructural en el capitalismo actual. Hacia una revisión de las hipótesis habermasianas
Authors: Gonnet Juan Pablo
Published: April 2020

En el libro “Problemas de legitimación en el capitalismo tardío”, Habermas define un conjunto de tendencias críticas propias de las sociedades capitalistas avanzadas. Entre dichas tendencias, la más relevante describe una potencial crisis de legitimación que se desarrollaría como una consecuencia no esperada de la creciente participación estatal en la regulación del sistema económico. Este hecho no sólo incrementa exponencialmente las necesidades de legitimación, sino que también trastoca las estructuras normativas procuradoras de recursos legitimantes. En el marco de la indiscutible capacidad de supervivencia del sistema capitalista, la plausibilidad de esta crisis ha sido puesta en duda y/o relativizada. El propósito de este artículo es reconsiderar esta interpretación a partir de una reconstrucción sistemática de las principales dimensiones del argumento habermasiano.
Philosophical Understanding of the Dialogue of Cultures in the Concepts of M.M. Bakhtin and V.S. Bibler
Authors: Volkova Anastasia
Published: April 2020

Dialogue as a complex creative interaction and mutual influence of various cultural and value consciousnesses is now considered as the basis of cultural existence, and the dialogue of cultures has become a key concept of modern philosophy. Dialogue in a philosophical context is an informative and existential communicative interaction between different parties, the purpose of which is to achieve understanding. The basis of Dialogic philosophy, first of all, is the recognition that the individual is formed and realized in communication. In order to become a subject of history and a subject of knowledge, he must enter into a dialogue with himself, another individual, God, nature. At present, the subjects of the dialogue are not only different individuals, but also entire ethnic groups, cultures, and civilizations, thereby expanding the functioning of the dialogue to a means of developing intercultural, interethnic and intercivilizational relations and emphasizing the commonality of the world historical process and the cultural heritage of mankind. The article is devoted to the comparative analysis of two theories of the dialogue of cultures: M.M. Bakhtin and his follower V.S. Bibler. By developing and deepening each other's ideas, they enter into a non-spatial and timeless dialogue and create a unified teaching about the ongoing interaction and continuity of cultures and intercultural communication. The General idea of the dialogue unites the philosophical concepts of Bakhtin and Bibler, but The latter, based on the theory of Bakhtin and expanding its ideas, created his own original concept of solving the most important problems of philosophical thought. Thinkers reflected the most important historical and philosophical phenomenon – the possibility of intercultural dialogue as a consequence of self-knowledge and the ability to relate themselves to Other.
Smart Things of the Century: New Technologies in Children-Parent Relations
Authors: Laktyukhina Elena
Published: April 2020

The article is devoted to the problem of interaction between parents and children in the conditions of using digital gadgets. The topic is updated by the fact that in the past few years, new media technologies have been profiled for a specific user, gadgets and devices for user groups of parents are widely introduced. These devices monitor the child's physiological indicators, his movements and inform the parents about them. Using the language of research in science and technology, we can say that these devices are "embodied ideology," that is, technologies allow the development of the interests of users, their attitudes, motives, and practices along one channel, guide and prescribe actions to their users. The article presents the results of the analysis of press releases of these gadgets that represent the ethics of parent-child relationships and the practice of caring for a child in the new digital everyday life. In addition, expert reports and feedback from parents-users were analyzed. One of the main results of the work is the conclusion that children's gadgets reinforce the idea of the need for a special relationship to all children, primarily through constant monitoring of them. In addition, the spread of digital infrastructure in the field of childcare occurred in the context of the medicalization of the discourse about childhood. It has shaped modern children's monitors functionally similar to medical devices. This situation contributes to the formation of a medically vigilant parent, his new competence is a deep knowledge of the child's physiology. Negative consequences for children of this form of control can be the formation of the habit of being under observation, difficulties in the development of urban space, lack of independence in actions and decision-making.
Surgical management of acute dissecting aneurysm of the ascending aorta in a patient with a history of aortic valve replacement: a case report
Authors: Zekriyaeva S. R. , Zakharyan E. A. , Rizk G. E. , Snitser A. A. , Belousov M. S. , Levsky K. V.
Published: April 2020

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Matrix Game with Payoffs Represented by Triangular Dual Hesitant Fuzzy Numbers
Authors: Yang Zhihui , Song Yang
Published: April 2020

Matrix Game with Payoffs RepresentedDue to the complexity of information or the inaccuracy of decision-makers’ cognition, it is difficult for experts to quantify the information accurately in the decision-making process. However, the integration of the fuzzy set and game theory provides a way to help decision makers solve the problem. This research aims to develop a methodology for solving matrix game with payoffs represented by triangular dual hesitant fuzzy numbers (TDHFNs). First, the definition of TDHFNs with their cut sets are presented. The inequality relations between two TDHFNs are also introduced. Second, the matrix game with payoffs represented by TDHFNs is investigated. Moreover, two TDHFNs programming models are transformed into two linear programming models to obtain the numerical solution of the proposed fuzzy matrix game. Furthermore, a case study is given to to illustrate the efficiency and applicability of the proposed methodology. Our results also demonstrate the advantage of the proposed concept of TDHFNs.
Trust Based Fuzzy Linguistic Recommender Systems as Reinforcement for Personalized Education in the Field of Oral Surgery and Implantology
Authors: Porcel Carlos , Herce-Zelaya Julio , Bernabé-Moreno Juan , Tejeda-Lorente Álvaro , Herrera-Viedma Enrique
Published: April 2020

The rapid advances in Web technologies are promoting the development of new pedagogic models based on virtual teaching. In this framework, personalized services are necessary. Recommender systems can be used in an academic environment to assist users in their teaching-learning processes. In this paper, we present a trust based recommender system, adopting a fuzzy linguistic modeling, that provides personalized activities to students in order to reinforce their education, and applied it in the field of oral surgery and implantology. We don’t take into account users with similar ratings history but users in which each user can trust and we provide a method to aggregate the trust information. This system can be used in order to aid professors to provide students with a personalized monitoring of their studies with less effort. The results obtained in the experiments proved to be satisfactory.
Coping with stress in pandemic times: A booklet proposal
Authors: Enumo Sonia Regina Fiorim , Weide Juliana Niederauer , Vicentini Eliana Cristina Chiminazzo , Araujo Murilo Fernandes , Machado Wagner de Lara
Published: April 2020

A pandemia de COVID-19 está sendo um grande estressor. A autorregulação emocional e comportamental é alterada quando sob ameaça/desafio das três necessidades psicológicas básicas de competência, relacionamento e autonomia. O conhecimento psicológico, especialmente da Teoria Motivacional do Coping sobre processos de enfrentamento do estresse e suas consequências na saúde física e mental, embasou a proposição de uma cartilha que visa à promoção da saúde e bem-estar. O material foi avaliado on line por oito juízes quanto à compreensão da linguagem, conteúdo e pertinência. A versão final ficou com 16 páginas, ilustradas, estando organizada em três tópicos: Introdução, Identificação de respostas de estresse, e três quadros, com indicações de “Dificuldades”, “O que evitar”, “O que pode ser feito”, e espaço para anotações. Esta tradução de conhecimento científico em material de divulgação e psicoeducação pode ser útil para leigos e para uso em serviços de saúde, ficando disponível em mídias sociais.
Hegel und wir
Authors: Münkler Herfried
Published: April 2020

Als Hegel im Jahre 1818 nach Berlin kam, um die Philosophie-professur an der kurz zuvor neu gegründeten Universität in der preußischen Hauptstadt zu übernehmen, lagen drei Jahrzehnte politischer Umwälzungen und das überkommene Gefüge Europas zerschmetternder Kriege hinter ihm. Im Tübinger Stift hatte er mit seinen Studiengefährten Schelling und Hölderlin zusammen einen Freiheitsbaum gepflanzt und damit seine Sympathie für die Grundideen der Französischen Revolution zum Ausdruck gebracht. Das Jakobinerregime unter Robespierre wurde dann zu einer ersten Enttäuschung seiner enthusiastischen Teilnahme an dem Projekt, «daß der Mensch sich auf den Kopf, d.i. auf den Gedanken stellt und die Wirklichkeit nach diesem erbaut», wie er später über die Revolution in Frankreich schrieb.