bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Melt electrowriting-printed peritoneal scaffold prevents peritoneal adhesion and facilitates peritoneal repair
Authors: Li Sicheng , Huang Jinjian , Xu Ziyan , Liu Ye , Ren Huajian , Li Ze , Chen Canwen , Chen Kang , Wu Xiuwen , Ren Jianan
Published: February 2023

Peritoneal adhesion is a critical issue after abdominal surgery. Cell-based methods for preventing peritoneal adhesion have not yet been fully investigated. Here, we constructed a highly biomimetic peritoneal scaffold by seeding mesothelial cells, the natural physiological barrier of the peritoneum, onto a melt electrowriting-printed scaffold. The scaffolds with the microfibers crossed at different angles (30°, 60°, and 90°) were screened based on mesothelial cell proliferation and orientation. Thirty degrees were more suitable for improving proliferation of mesothelial cells and cell growth in a single direction; therefore, the 30° peritoneal scaffold could better mimic the physiological structure of native peritoneum. Mechanistically, such a peritoneal scaffold was able to act as a barrier to prevent peritoneal resident macrophages from migrating to the site of the peritoneal lesion. In vivo mesothelial cell tracking using lentivirus technology confirmed that the peritoneal scaffold, compared to the scaffold without mesothelial cells, could prevent peritoneal adhesion and was directly involved in the repair of injured peritoneum. This study suggests that the peritoneal scaffolds can potentially prevent peritoneal adhesion, offering a new approach for clinical treatment.
3D-printed dual drug delivery nanoparticleloaded hydrogels to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria
Authors: Martínez-Pérez David , Guarch-Pérez Clara , Purbayanto Muhammad Abiyyu Kenichi , Choińska Emilia , Riool Martijn , A. J. Zaat Sebastian , Święszkowski Wojciech
Published: February 2023

Implant-associated infections are not easy to diagnose and very difficult to treat, due to the ability of major pathogens, such as Staphylococcus aureus, to develop biofilms and escape the immune response and antibiotic treatment. We, therefore, aimed to develop a 3D-printed dual rifampicin (Rif)- and vancomycin (Van)-loaded polylacticco-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) delivery system based on hydrogels made of gelatin methacrylate (GelMA). The release of Rif and Van from NPs manufactured from different PLGA molecular weights was studied in phosphate-buffered saline for 21 days. Low molecular weight PLGA NPs exhibited the fastest release of Rif and Van within the first 7 days and were selected for antimicrobial evaluation. Four different GelMA-based 3D-printed samples were successfully produced, carrying non-loaded NPs, Rif-NPs, Van-NPs, or alternating layers of Rif-NPs and Van-NP. The exposition of S. aureus against increased concentrations of Rif or Van produced new resistant strains to Rif (RifR ) or Van (VanR ). The GelMA hydrogel co-delivering Rif and Van eradicated S. aureus RN4220 RifR  and RN4220 VanR  strains. S. aureus RN4220 and S. aureus AMC 201 colonies developed resistance to Rif after contact with the GelMA hydrogel containing only Rif-NPs which appeared to be due to known mutations in the rpoB gene. In conclusion, 3D-printed GelMA hydrogel loaded with PLGA Rif-Van-NPs drug delivery system show promising in vitro results to prevent implant-associated infections caused by antimicrobial-resistant bacteria.
Examining Physical Education Teaching Practices During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Murfay Ken , Beighle Aaron , Erwin Heather E. , Aiello Erin , Pyszczynski Sarah
Published: February 2023

Purpose/Method: This qualitative case study examined through an interpretive worldview how current high school (HS) physical education
(PE) teachers (n=14) implemented online experiences that could have influenced students’ interpretations of their vicarious experiences
during the Covid-19 pandemic (spring/fall of 2020). The study sought to better understand teachers’ perceptions of how social modeling of
PA was implemented online, how online PA experiences impacted opportunities for social comparison among the students, and what teachers’
opinions of these practices were in relation to supporting students’ PA self-efficacy. Results: The results found that the study
participants differed in their opinions on the most effective ways to provide students with PA demonstrations and implement students'
PA experiences during online instruction. Many of the teachers relied more on online videos to demonstrate PA, resulting in a decrease
in teachers personally modeling PA themselves (theme 1). Due to the stress of the pandemic on students’ well-being, teachers and their
school districts prioritized students’ social and emotional health which influenced how teachers had students participate in PA online
(theme 2). This resulted in fewer PA experiences with students participating in front of each other and none of the teachers requiring
students to model PA for peers online. Conclusion: This study serves as a starting point to better understand how teachers implemented
online instructional practices that could have influenced students’ interpretations of their vicarious experiences during the Covid-19
pandemic. The information collected in this study can be used by current PE teachers to design future online practices.
Atuação multiprofissional do enfermeiro residente em saúde mental na Atenção Básica: relato de experiência
Authors: Ramos toscano de brito Alane renali , Bento de Araújo Meneses Lenilma , Leite Soares Valéria , Dos Santos Rocha Roberta Claúdia , Reis de Meneses Jordane , Ramos de Paula Andrea Fernanda
Published: February 2023

O artigo relata a experiência vivenciada na Atenção Básica, enquanto Enfermeira integrante da segunda turma de Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde Mental (RESMEN) do Núcleo de Estudos em Saúde Coletiva (NESC) da Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), destacando o trabalho em equipe multiprofissional. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, do tipo qualitativo, caracterizado como relato de experiência. A Unidade Básica de Saúde, enquanto dispositivo de cuidado que compõe a Rede de Atenção Psicossocial, se mostrou um espaço favorecedor para a atuação da Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde Mental, entre as ações multiprofissionais desenvolvidas pela enfermeira residente destacam-se a realização de salas de espera, participação nas reuniões de equipe, construção de Projeto terapêutico Singular, acompanhamento domiciliar, interconsultas e a criação de um grupo de saúde mental para as mulheres. O trabalho multiprofissional realizado permitiu a interação entre os residentes, proporcionando um grande aprendizado ao fazer coletivo, aumentando o respeito e o conhecimento entre as profissões, permitiu desenvolver habilidades necessárias para promover a experiência da integralidade da atenção à saúde mental e o trabalho em equipe.Palavras-chave: Atenção Básica de Saúde; Educação de Pós Graduação; Equipe Multiprofissional.
Sustainable Fishermen Poverty: Analysis of External and Internal Factors of Fishermen's Poverty in Gorontalo City
Authors: Kasim Lukman , Tahara Tasrifin , Lampe Munsi , Arifin Ansar
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this research is to identify the social realities of fishermen’s lives, analyze internal and external socio-cultural factors that integrally influence the occurrence of sustainable poverty, and construct a theory regarding the meaning of poverty with data collection techniques of in-depth interviews and documentation studies with a qualitative descriptive approach to uncover the issue of fishermen’s poverty.
Keywords: Fishermen, External/Internal Factors, Poverty
How Was Hybrid Learning Conducted for Deaf Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic?(A Case Study in Special School)
Authors: Fadilatul Mabruroh Alfina , . Gunarhadi , Widyastono Herry
Published: February 2023

This study aimed to investigate how hybrid learning was conducted for deaf students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using qualitative methods, this study had three main results. First, hybrid learning for deaf students was held via WhatsApp. Second, deaf students spent 3-6 hours a day studying at home to practice theoretical subject learning. Third, remote learning saw teachers improving their competencies by joining workshops for helped online learning.
Keywords: Covid-19 Pandemic, Deaf Students, Hybrid Learning, Special School
The Effect of Selling on Social Media on the Profits of Small Businesses
Authors: Elvy Napitupulu Bertha , Herlina Karjo Clara , Hermawan Francisca
Published: February 2023

During the COVID-19 pandemic, many small-scale businesses (SMEs) turned to social media to sell their products. This study analyzed the profit generated from some social media platforms used by SMEs to find which media generated the most profit. The participants for this study were three SMEs selling snacks. We found that the highest profit was attained from selling through Instagram, yet other platforms also generated profits. It signifies that social media can significantly increase profits.
Keywords: social media, selling, SME, profit
Gentrification and Adaptive Reuse: An Exploration of the Design Concept of Sustainable Urban Escape. Case Study: Pos Bloc and Pasar Baru Shopping Street, Jakarta
Authors: Caroline Rombe Octaviana Sylvia , Henry Lena , Rachmayanti Ika , Sari Fajarwati Ade Ariyani , Meliana Silvia
Published: February 2023

This research aimed to explore the concept of sustainable urban escape through the lens of gentrification as a tipping point for adaptive reuse. The chaotic backdrop of a fast-paced city addresses a research gap at the intersection of urban culture and interior architecture design. This study revealed how the historical narrative could serve as the foundation for a concept of sustainable urban escape —gentrification, as a subset of adaptive reuse by reclaiming the glory of the past.
Keywords: sustainable urban escape, adaptive reuse, gentrification
Online Learning Acceptance Model of Indonesian Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Eka Saputra Fachri , Makhrian Andi , Satya Grahatama Berlian
Published: February 2023

This study examines the application of the Technological Acceptance Model (TAM) concept proposed by Davis et al. (1989) to be adopted in online learning in higher education during the Covid-19 pandemic. The quantitative method with purposive sampling method was applied in this study to answer the research question. The online survey was used as a method of data collection. The result of this study contributes to the body of knowledge and gives some practical recommendations for this research.
Keywords: attitude toward use, behavior intention, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use.
Effect of Financial Literacy and Behaviour on Investment Decisions (Study on Southeast Sulawesi investors)
Authors: . Sujono , Mirosea Nitri , Hajar Ibnu
Published: February 2023

This study aimed to examine the effect of financial literacy and financial behaviour on investment decisions. This study was conducted on 365 investors listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange Representative of Southeast Sulawesi. This research concluded that financial literacy and financial behaviour have a significant effect on investment decisions. Investment knowledge is the indicator that reflects the highest financial literacy variable. Meanwhile, the financial behaviour indicator that reflects the most financial behaviour is ‘familiarity.
Keywords: financial literacy, financial behaviour and investment decisions
Phenomenology: Adaptation of Poleng Motifs in Facing Bali Tourism
Authors: Pageh Wibawa Arya , Santosa Imam , Sabana Setiawan , Haldani Destiarmand Achmad
Published: February 2023

The poleng motif is defined as a combination of black and white, configured in a decorative pattern in the form of a checkerboard resembling a chessboard. Lifestyle changes occur in aspects and forms of culture. This study aims to analyze the meaning of the poleng motif. The method used is phenomenology. The results show that Balinese people accept the changes that occur with predetermined boundaries. These limits are by the awig-awig that exists in Balinese society.
Keywords: Adaptation, Poleng Motif, Phenomenology
Exploration into Nudibranchs Illustration as Part of The Efforts to Introduce the Wealth of Marine Biodiversity
Authors: Witabora Jonata , Kurniawati Homan Devi
Published: February 2023

Nudibranchs have turned into highly popular marine creatures in the scuba diving world. With the aim to protect and conserve the environment, the illustration method is used as the medium because, as a visual artifact, it has quite reliable, and its broad visual communication capabilities allow for different expressions. The result is, by establishing Nudibranchs as cultural objects, the popularity of Nudibranchs can reach the wider society to greatly impact the marine conservation efforts.
Keywords: Exploration, Nudibranch, Illustration, Marine, Conservation
The Impact of Public Policy on Women's Empowerment in Coastal Area, Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Yusran Sartiah , Ahmaniar Abubakar Sitti R , Hidayat Sabrina , Agus Mokodompit Eliyanti , . Akifah
Published: February 2023

This paperfocuses onthe impact of public policy on women’s empowerment in the coastal area. This qualitative study was conducted using in-depth interviews and FGD dan observations 30 women who participated in training and received a loan from the Rural Poverty Reduction Program. The results revealthat implementingpublic policiespositively impacts increasing family income; however, it is less focused on coastal women’s welfare. Therefore, it is recommended to integratereproductive health information through women’s empowerment channels.
Keywords: public policy, gender mainstreaming, women empowerment, women in coastal area
Relationship between Internal Branding and Employee Performance in Private College Central (PCC) Regions of Malaysia: A Preliminary Review
Authors: Edward Edmund
Published: February 2023

The idea of internal branding is becoming more and more common for coordinating employee behaviour or performance. However, as prior studies primarily examined the relationship between internal branding practices and employee performance within other industries, there is still a dearth of study in Malaysia pertaining to private tertiary institutions. Therefore, the goal of this study is to examine the variables that affect employee performance among Malaysian employees of Peninsula College Central (PCC). This study concentrated on the relationship between internal branding strategies and employee performance, particularly as it relates to knowledge, reward, and leadership. Social Exchange Theory served as the foundation for this study. The connection between employee-employer reciprocity and this notion is well established. The population in this study was 100 with a sample size of 80 employees of PCC. The researcher focused on the quantitative approach. Probability sampling was employed, and simple random sampling suits the probability sampling methods for a sample in PCC. Version 24 Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) was applied to analyse the study. The results of this study indicate that the knowledge and reward have a significant effect on employee performance.
Las empresas recuperadas por sus trabajadores en Uruguay: emergencia, desarrollo, debilitamiento y singularidades del caso
Authors: Rieiro Anabel , Reyes Julián
Published: February 2023

El artículo expone cuáles han sido algunas de las condiciones sociales, económicas y políticas claves para comprender el surgimiento, desarrollo y debilitamiento de las empresas recuperadas por sus trabajadores (ERT) en Uruguay. Con la crisis socioeconómica del 2002 el fenómeno de las ERT alcanza una magnitud que lo hace visible socialmente. Encontramos a partir de allí un primer momento de emergencia y resistencia que se prolonga hasta finales del primer gobierno del Frente Amplio (FA) (2005-2010); un segundo contexto de crecimiento a partir del despliegue de la política pública durante el segundo gobierno del FA (2010-2015) y un tercer período de decrecimiento y cambio de perfil de las ERT a partir del desplazamiento de la política pública y el debilitamiento organizacional del sector (2015 hasta la actualidad).

Recibido: 03 noviembre 2022Aceptado: 28 diciembre 2022
Sweet pepper (Capsicum annuumL.) breeding on yield and fruits qualityaccording to the cultivar model for unheated soil greenhouses
Authors: Niavestsenka N. A. , Puhachova I. G. , Dabrodzkin M. M. , Kilchevsky A. V.
Published: February 2023

Relevance. An important proviso for the commercially effective cultivation of vegetable crops in different types of greenhouses is high yield, which significantly depends on modern cultivars with different characteristics and properties. When creating a new cultivar, it is necessary to present its model in accordance with the expected ecological and agrotechnical conditions of planting, the purpose of use, the level of manifestation of morphological and biochemical characteristics, which together will ensure a high yield. The goal of research – to create early ripening, high-yielding cultivars of sweet pepper with high taste assessment of fresh fruits and content of biologically valuable substances.

Materials and methods. The studies were conducted in 2015-2018 and 2020-2021 in the Belarusian State Agricultural Academy. The objects were 46 breeding lines of sweet pepper. An evaluation of fruits and plants morphological characteristics, yield traits, fruits biochemical composition, and tasting were carried out.

Results. Valuable lines for breeding were selected with a gross yield of 5.60–6.71 kg/m2, with large fruits (150–220 g), thick pericarp (>7 mm),with a high content of biologically valuable substances and fruit quality 4.3–4.7 points. Lines with a complex of economically valuable traits including high tasting score, were transferred to the State Inspection for Testing and Protection of Plant Varieties and recommended for commercial use in the Republic of Belarus under the names Altyn, Chervonets, Karat, Goretsky Krasny, Garlachyk Zhovty and Chyrvony Magnat.
Influence of nitrogen stress on nitrate accumulation and yield of lettuce varieties
Authors: Volkova E. N.
Published: February 2023

Relevance. Many authors note the existence of significant genotypic differences in the assimilation of nitrogen and the accumulation of nitrates by lettuce, point to the additive-dominant nature of the inheritance of the trait. The aim of the work was to evaluate the response of lettuce of various cultivars to mineral nutrition stress created against a nitrogen-deficient background (N0) and with an increased dose of nitrogen (N200).

Material and Methods. In a microfield experiment on well-cultivated soddy-podzolic soil, a collection of lettuce varieties belonging to the main cultivated variety types was studied. The varieties differed in geographical origin, early maturity and morphological characteristics.

Results. Differences in yield between varieties against the background of N200 were 4.5 times, and against the background of N0 – 5.7 times. Against an increased background of nitrogen nutrition, the highest yield – 2.22-2.64 kg/m2 was formed by the following varieties: All the Year, Quedlinburger Dickkopf, Berlin Yellow, Great lakes. Against a nitrogen-deficient background, Azart and Odessa Kucheryavets varieties stood out in terms of yield, which absorbed soil nitrogen better than others. The content of nitrates in lettuce plants of different varieties varied more strongly when grown on the background of N200 and ranged from 10.7 to 13.6 times (on average over 2 years – 11,2 times), on the control of N0 – 33 times. Varieties accumulating maximum NO3 under conditions of excess nitrogen nutrition were revealed. Lettuce Romaine (Lactuca romana) – 353 mg/kg and White paris cus (198 mg/kg) had a low content of NO3. The period of the maximum increase in biomass also corresponded to the maximum decrease in NO3 in plants. Power function equations were calculated to estimate the rate of change in biomass and NO3 content. The results indicate that there may be some scope for NO3 reduction in lettuce through cultivar selection or breeding.
The effect of water-soluble fertilizers on the yield and biochemical composition of table watermelon of medium and late ripening
Authors: Galichkina E. A. , Nadezhkin S. M.
Published: February 2023

Relevance. The nutritional value of gourds is quite high and is of great importance in the life of the human body. A significant point in modern melon growing is to increase yields without reducing the quality of the products obtained. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new methods of cultivation technologies that allow obtaining stable fruit yields without reducing the quality of table watermelon products of different ripeness groups, in the climatic conditions of the Volgograd region.

Material and methodology. The object of research is a watermelon of medium ripening, variety Zemlyanin, and late ripening, variety Kholodok. We studied new types of water-soluble fertilizers Fe chelate, as well as Vegetable Aquarin, by using them for soaking seeds before sowing and processing plants during the growing season.

Results. The use of chelated fertilizers in the technology of growing table watermelon of medium and late ripening is an effective technique for obtaining stable yields. The use of water-soluble fertilizers, with various methods of their use, provided an increase in the yield of Zemlyanin watermelon by 2.7-27.8%, and Kholodok watermelon by 2-22.4% in comparison with the control (without treatments). The largest fruits were obtained in the variant Aquarin vegetable (plant processing) Zemlyanin variety - 6.8 kg and Kholodok variety - 8.4 kg. A comparative analysis of the biochemical composition of fruits showed that water-soluble chelate fertilizers do not have a negative effect on the accumulation of nitrates in varieties of medium and late ripening. As a result of research, a positive effect of water-soluble micronutrient fertilizers has been revealed on improving the quality of fruits, which increased the content of ascorbic acid and sugars.
Efficiency of herbicides on cropped onion (Allium cеpaL.)
Authors: Bernaz N. I. , Irkov I. I.
Published: February 2023

Relevance. Onions are a traditional vegetable crop that is in demand all year round. To obtain high and stable yields, it is necessary to renew the assortment of herbicides in the fight against weeds, to use compositions of preparations of different spectrum of action, toxic to the most harmful weeds and giving the maximum herbicidal effect with minimal labor and financial resources.

Results. The article presents the results of tests of new herbicides Bandura and Boxer, unregistered in the Russian Federation on onions, at optimal rates, which showed high selectivity to the crop, but were inferior in efficiency to the Stomp Professional standard. The tank mixtures of Bandura and Stomp Professional with Dual Gold were more effective, exceeding the level of efficiency of the standard. Due to the action of the mixture Stomp Professional + Dual Gold (2 + 1 L / ha), the weediness of onion crops decreased by 78-89% (by quantity) and by 87 - 95% (by weight), which contributed to a significant increase in the yield of bulbs by 12.2% in comparison with control. The efficiency of Goal 2E 0.5 L/ha (42%) in the phase of 2 leaves of onion was insignificant due to the overgrowth of most annual dicotyledonous weeds by the time of treatment (3-10 leaves). The herbicide completely eliminated weeds at an early stage (up to 5 leaves), as well as older white and smoky grass. The remaining weeds experienced oppression in the form of suspension of growth, twisting and necrosis of leaves. Goal 2 E must be included in the system of protective measures against the background of pre-emergence herbicide treatment to suppress annual dicotyledonous weeds, poorly controlled by soil herbicides.
Agrochemical methods for increasing the yield of root chicory
Authors: Vyutnova O. M. , Smirnova I. V. , Novikova I. A. , Maksimova K. S.
Published: February 2023

Relevance. The effectiveness of fertilizers depends on the need of plants for nutrients and on the ability of the soil to meet this need. According to the Research Institute of Raw Materials of the Alcohol Industry, the responsiveness of chicory to individual substances changes dramatically during the growing season. In the first period of its development, chicory responds sharply positively only to phosphorus. In the future, the phosphorus efficiency remains stable for two months and by the end of the growing season, attenuation begins. The potash efficiency, on the contrary, is low in the first months, and by the end of the growing season, in contrast to the action of phosphorus, it gives a sharp rise. The efficiency of nitrogen during the growing season occupies an average position between the efficiency of phosphorus and potassium.

Methodology. The aim of the research was to identify the most effective doses of macro- and microelements and methods of their application (basic and top dressing) to ensure maximum yields of root chicory root crops. The experiments were carried out in the Nonchernozem zone of the Russian Federation in the Rostov district of the Yaroslavl region on the experimental field of the Rostov experimental station for chicory¬ – a branch of the FSBSI FSVC.

Results. As a result of the conducted studies, it was found that an increase in the dose of nitrogen nutrition against the background of phosphorus-potassium fertilizer increased the yield of root chicory root crops, fractional application of mineral fertilizers is more effective compared to the main application, the introduction of boron and cobalt increased the content of inulin and sugars in root crops. The inulin content increased as the dose of nitrogen fertilizers increased.
Fractal Dimension of Silhouette Magnetic Resonance Brain Images as a Measure of Age-Associated Changes in Cerebral Hemispheres
Authors: MARYENKO Nataliia , STEPANENKO Oleksandr
Published: February 2023

Aim: The aim of the present study was to characterize age-associated changes in the spatial configuration of cerebral hemispheres (including changes in spatial complexity and space-filling capacity) using fractal analysis of silhouette magnetic resonance brain images.
Material and Methods: Magnetic resonance brain images of 100 (44 male, 56 female) participants aged between 18-86 years were studied. Five magnetic resonance images were selected from the magnetic resonance imaging dataset of each brain, including four tomographic sections in the coronal plane and one in the axial plane. Fractal dimension values of the cerebral hemispheres silhouettes were measured using the two-dimensional box-counting algorithm. Morphometric parameters based on Euclidean geometry (perimeter, area, and their derivative values) were determined as well.
Results: The average fractal dimension value of the five studied tomographic sections was 1.878±0.0009, the average value of four coronal sections was 1.868±0.0010. It was shown that fractal dimension values of cerebral silhouettes for all studied tomographic sections and four coronal sections significantly decrease with age (r=-0.512, p<0.001 and r=-0.491, p<0.001, respectively). The difference in the character of age-related changes in males and females was not statistically significant. Based on the age and the fractal dimension values of the studied sample, the confidence intervals of the fractal dimension values of cerebral hemispheres silhouettes were determined, which can be used as norm criteria in clinical neuroimaging.
Conclusion: The fractal analysis and obtained data can be used in neuroimaging for assessing the degree of age-related cerebral atrophy and for differentiating between normal aging and neurodegenerative diseases.
First treatment with venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in Maribor
Authors: Skok Kristjan , Markota Andrej , Svenšek Franc , Sinkovič Andreja
Published: February 2023

Purpose: We report on the first patient with refractory hypoxemia treated with venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV ECMO) at the Medical Intensive Care Unit of the University Medical Centre Maribor.

Case report: A 52-year-old male was admitted after successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (first rhythm was ventricular fibrillation, with 40 min to return of spontaneous circulation). The patient underwent primary percutaneous revascularization of the left anterior descendingcoronary artery with insertion of one coronary stent. Hypoxemia was present during patient transportation and the procedure and continued to worsen after admission. Due to refractory hypoxemia caused by aspiration pneumonia, treatment with the VV ECMO was initiated. The ECMO procedure wasperformed without complications and led to improvement in gas exchange and lung mechanics. The patient was then successfully weaned from ECMO, decannulated, and extubated. After extubation, the patient’s course of treatment was complicated by hospital pneumonia and catheter-related blood stream infection.As his state deteriorated, reintubation was necessary. Despite intensive treatment, the patient died on day 30.

Conclusions: Response to the VV ECMO treatment of refractory hypoxemia due to aspiration pneumonia was positive and without complications. In spite of initial improvement, the patient died after several weeks due to recurring infection and septic shock.
Vitamin D in Human Health
Authors: Šikić Pogačar Maja , Mičetić-Turk Dušanka
Published: February 2023

The generic term vitamin D designates a group of chemically related compounds that possess antirachitic activity. Today, the definition of optimal level of vitamin D is based on serum concentrations of 25–hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]. It can be introduced into the organism through ingested food (especially oily fish, milk, with enrichment food and food supplements), or can be dermally synthesized by exposure of the skin to sunlight. Vitamin D deficiency in the past was defined by the clinical recognition of nutritional rickets, a disease nearly eradicated by vitamin D fortification. In addition to its well–recognised role in musculoskeletal health, over the last decade evidence has suggested that low serum concentrations of 25–hydroxyvitamin D, 25(OH)D, are associated with a number of non–skeletal disorders including heart disease, immune and metabolic diseases as well as age–related cognitive decline and cancer. For that reason, there has been a renewed interest in the nutrient vitamin D. Despite its important role in the health, The generic term vitamin D designates a group of chemically related compounds that possess antirachitic activity. Today, the definition of optimal level of vitamin D is based on serum concentrations of 25–hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]. It can be introduced into the organism through ingested food (especially oily fish, milk, with enrichment food and food supplements), or can be dermally synthesized by exposure of the skin to sunlight. Vitamin D deficiency in the past was defined by the clinical recognition of nutritional rickets, a disease nearly eradicated by vitamin D fortification. In addition to its well–recognised role in musculoskeletal health, over the last decade evidence has suggested that low serum concentrations of 25–hydroxyvitamin D, 25(OH)D, are associated with a number of non–skeletal disorders including heart disease, immune and metabolic diseases as well as age–related cognitive decline and cancer. For that reason, there has been a renewed interest in the nutrient vitamin D.
Thiel's embalming method: review of the literature and our institute's experience
Authors: Kocbek Lidija , Rakuša Mateja
Published: February 2023

Purpose: We aimed to present one of the best researched methods of cadaver preservation, Thiel's method, and share our own 9–year experience in comparison with that of the literature.

Methods: Thiel's embalming method uses intravascular injection of a solution combined of several chemicals, such as water–based mixtures of monopropylene glycol, ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, sodium sulfite, boric acid, chlorocresol, formaldehyde, ethanol, and morpholine. Initial perfusion via the carotid and femoral arteries is followed by immersion in a cadaver storage basin in embalming solution for at least 4–6 months. After this, cadavers are stored in plastic bags in refrigerators and are used for months to years.

Results: Since 2008, we have successfully embalmed 16 cadavers using Thiel's method. Due to the beneficial characteristics of this method, Thiel's embalmed cadavers have become an important part of our education and research. Despite initial technical difficulties, we managed to upgrade the method and assure better long–lasting preservation.

Conclusions: Thiel embalmed cadavers resemble realistic living bodies and serve as an appropriate model for teaching and research.
Correlation of Coronary Heart Disease Patient Assessments of Chronic Illness Care and Quality of Care Procedures
Authors: Tušek-Bunc Ksenija , Petek-Šter Marija , Petek Davorina
Published: February 2023

Purpose: Patient-centered assessment of chronic illness care is replacing the assessment of satisfaction, which does not cover all dimensions of care. Patient assessments reflect both the quality of chronic illness care and provide feedback to healthcare workers about their work. The study aim was to investigate the patient-centered assessment of coronary heart disease (CHD) patients and its correlation with the care that was delivered.

Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated data obtained from the patient medical records and surveyed patients using the Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care (PACIC) questionnaire. A descriptive analysis of the overall and domain-specific responses to the PACIC questionnaire was conducted and the association of the results with delivery of care data in the patient records was determined by Pearson's correlation coefficient.

Results: The study sample included 768 of 1080 CHD patients (71,1%) at 36 family medicine practices who completed the PACIC questionnaire. The mean age of the respondents was 68.3 ± 10.7 years and the overall PACIC score was 3.3 ± 0.9. The highest PACIC scores were delivery system design (3.7), patient activation (3.7), and problem solving (3.6). Follow-up received the lowest score (2.8). Quality of delivered care and PACIC scores were correlated (r = 0.10, p = 0.009).

Conclusions: CHD patients highly rated all aspects of chronic care included in the PACIC questionnaire. They were least satisfied with the follow-up and coordination aspects of chronic care. The process indicators of care were positively correlate with patient assessment of care.
Analysis of pregnant women with the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus without oral glucose tolerance test confirmation in early pregnancy
Authors: Zavratnik Andrej , Krajnc Mitja
Published: February 2023

Purpose: The aim of this analysis was to determine the proportion of pregnant women referred by gynaecologists to the outpatient diabetes clinic of the University Medical Centre Maribor with a diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) based on inappropriately measured fasting plasma glucose (FPG). Additionally, we wanted to compare pregnancy outcomes in subgroups diagnosed later as having GDM vs. no–GDM with oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT) in the 24th to 28th week of pregnancy, but declared as “probably not having GDM” in early pregnancy.

Methods: We reviewed retrospectively data on 81 pregnancies referred to our centre, from August 2013 to July 2014, with a diagnosis of early GDM that we did not con-firm with OGTT retesting. After retesting, women were followed up routinely by a gynaecologist, but those with a diagnostic OGTT, performed in the 24th to 28th week, were referred back to a diabetologist.

Results: The age of the entire cohort was 30.5±4.7 years, and 91% were ≥25 years old; 40% were overweight before pregnancy. The period of fasting before FPG measurement was less than 8 hours in 36%. When comparing the GDM vs. no–GDM subgroups, a higher proportion of women with GDM were fasted for less than 8 hours before FPG measurement (75% vs. 32%; p=0.022), and birth weight was higher for women with GDM (3778±588 g vs. 3316±618 g; p=0.048). There were no differences in macrosomia, eclampsia, Caesarean delivery and birth trauma.

Conclusion: The accuracy of the diagnosis of early pregnancy GDM can be improved by following the FPG measurement protocol. When a single FPG in early pregnancy is near normal we suggest retesting with an OGTT. This approach probably has no adverse effect on pregnancy outcomes.
Microvessel density and PSA level in prostatic adenocarcinoma of Gleason score 6 and 7
Authors: Dariš Barbara , Munda Miha
Published: February 2023

Purpose: The aim of this investigation was to determine the differences in microvessel density (MVD) and serum levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) between groups of patients with Gleason score (GS) 6 prostatic adenocarcinoma and patients with GS 7 prostatic adenocarcinoma.

Methods: The study included a series of 100 patients with prostatic adenocarcinoma. Tumor specimens were divided into two groups: GS 6 (52 cases) and GS 7 (48 cases). Intratumoral microvasculature was determined by immunohistochemistry using an antibody against endoglin. Endoglin stained microvessels were observed in and around the tumor, but weak or no staining of blood vessels was seen in non-neoplastic tissue. Areas of maximal angiogenesis within the tumor were identified and microvessels were counted at ×400 magnification (0.19 mm2 field).

Results: The GS 6 specimens did not significantly differ in MVD per field (24.5 vs. 29.0; P=0.46) or MVD per mm2 (109.3 vs. 129.6; P=0.78) when compared with the GS 7 specimens. No significant difference in mean serum levels of PSA between the two groups was observed (8.5 vs. 10.1 ng/mL; P=0.66). MVD per mm2 was not correlated with PSA (r=0.1; P=0.62). The age of patients at diagnosis was not significantly different between the two groups (63.0 vs. 65.0 years; P=0.84).

Conclusion: Our results show no significant differences in neovascularization and PSA level between Gleason score 6 and 7 prostatic adenocarcinoma.
Stoletniki med nami in mi z njimi / Centenarians among us and we with them
Authors: Pahor Dušica
Published: February 2023

Sto let. Je to veliko ali malo? Odvisno, kako gledamo, kaj in koga gledamo. Za človeka je veliko, za neko inštitucijo relativno malo. A ne glede na to je sto let sto let; je nek mejnik, ki se ga je potrebno zaradi zanamcev spomniti in hkrati skrbno pregledati preteklost. Brez preteklosti ni prihodnosti, je rek, ki še vedno drži. Tisti, ki poskušajo izbrisati preteklost, izbrišejo del sebe. Preteklost smo mi, so naši predniki. Je nekaj, kar nam je dalo temelje, na katerih stojimo in se lahko razvijamo. Brez njih ne bi bilo nas in ne bodočnosti. Zato je vse, kjer smo sedaj, nadaljevanje preteklosti, pa čeprav nekateri mislijo, da se je šele z njimi začela zgodovina.
Subendocardial viability ratio, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and serum biomarkers for cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney patients
Authors: Piko Nejc , Šrot Tajda , Hojs Nina , Bevc Sebastjan , Hojs Radovan , Ekart Robert
Published: February 2023

Purpose: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with a higher prevalence of cardiovascular diseases. The pulse wave analysis measures the aortic pressure waveform based on noninvasive peripheral pressure recording. The subendocardial viability ratio, as part of the pulse wave analysis, is a noninvasivemeasure of microvascular coronary perfusion.

Methods: In the present study, we investigated the relationship between the subendocardial viability ratio, 24-h ambulatory blood pressure measurements, and serum biomarkers to determine the risk for cardiovascular disease in patients with CKD. A pulse wave analysis using applanation tonometry was performed in 86 patients with CKD. Serum biomarkers were measured in patients, and the patients were grouped according to the median value of the subendocardial viability ratio.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 60 ± 13 years; 65% of the patients were men, and the mean subendocardial viability ratio was 151% ± 34%. Patients with CKD in the lower subendocardial viability ratio group (<151%) had significantly lower hemoglobin (p=0.002) and higher NT-proBNP (p=0.034), serum phosphorus (p=0.04), augmentation index (p=0.003), 24-h pulse (p=0.004), and 24-h pulse pressure(p=0.003).

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that patients with CKD with a subendocardial viability ratio below 151% have a higher cardiovascular risk.
Diagnostic relevance of free light chain indices and their relation to the clinical presentation of multiple sclerosis
Authors: Karakatič Sanja , Magdič Jožef , Karakatič Sašo , Omerzu Tomaž , Modrič Evgenija , Hojs Fabjan Tanja
Published: February 2023

Purpose: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) free light chains (FLC) are of promising diagnostic importance in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, research is required to confirm their utility as part of the diagnostic criteria for MS. In addition, very few publications can be found addressing the relationship of FLCs to the clinical presentation at the onset of MS. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the FLC kappa and lambda indices, and explored their relationship to the number and type of functional systems (FS) involved.

Methods: FLC indices were determined in paired CSF and serum samples from 71 patients with noninflammatory neurological diseases (non-MS, n = 29) and new-onset MS (MS, n = 42). The latter were further divided into two groups with mono- and polysymptomatic presentation. FS involvement was evaluated in accordance with the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS).

Results: Using both FLC indices along with the age and sex of patients, the diagnostic accuracy of MS was higher (AUC, 0.991; sensitivity, 95.5%; specificity, 95.8%) than that observed when using either the lambda index (AUC, 0.677; sensitivity, 68.0%; specificity, 60.0%) or kappa index (AUC, 0.957; sensitivity, 88.5%; specificity, 88.0%) alone. No differences were observed in the lambda (U = 78.0; p = 0.749) or kappa indices (U = 82.0; p = 0.885) between mono- and polysymptomatic patients. Nor was a correlation found between FLC indices and EDSS scores.

Conslusion: FLC indices could be useful diagnostic markers for MS. However, such indices do not differentiate between clinical presentations at disease onset and are not correlated with baseline EDSS scores.
Case report: Pelvic abscess after cesarean section and hysterectomy
Authors: Krajnc Klavdija , Takač Iztok , Mujezinović Faris , Horvat Matjaž , Kuder Lucija
Published: February 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this article was to present the case of a pelvic abscess, which developed after an emergency cesarean section followed by a hysterectomy, to identify the risk factors, and describe a minimally invasive technique for abscess drainage.

Case report: We present a 30-year-old patient at 35 + 4 weeks gestation who had an emergency cesarean section. The indication for the cesarean section were four previous cesarean sections. She had severe postpartum bleeding due to uterine atony and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, which did not resolve with conservative treatment. A few days later, a pelvic abscess formed and complicated the post-operative recovery.

Conclusion: A pelvic abscess is a rare complication following obstetrics surgery; however, it is important to take
Case report: Endodontic treatment of a permanent maxillary first molar with three roots and six root canals
Authors: Novak Marko , Štamfelj Iztok
Published: February 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to report the diagnosis and management of a permanent maxillary first molar (PMFM) with unusually complex root canal morphology.

Case report: A 30-year-old male patient was referred to the endodontic department to continue endodontic treatment of the left PMFM. The referring dentist could not establish the patency of the canals in the mesiobuccal and distobuccal roots. Radiographically, the tooth had three almost straight roots associated with periapical radiolucencies, indicating periapical periodontitis. The examination of the pulp chamber floor, using a dental operating microscope, revealed the presence of six root canal orifices, three in the mesiobuccal root, two in the distobuccal root, and one in the palatal root. No confluence of multiple canals was detected using the electronic apex locator and K-files. The canals were shaped and cleaned with reciprocating nickel-titanium instruments and obturated using gutta-percha cones and a bioceramic sealer. After 2 years, the patient was asymptomatic and the tooth was clinically and radiographically without pathological findings.

Conclusions: Careful examination of the pulp chamber floor using magnification and illumination is important for successfully managing complex canal morphologies. During endodontic treatment, dentists must consider that the PMFM may have more than four root canals.
Autoimmune diseases: a diagnostic challenge
Authors: Pahor Artur
Published: February 2023

The immune system defends humans against foreign factors that could damage healthy tissue. It detects and distinguishes a wide variety of substances from the organism’s own structures. Failing to recognize the organism’s own structures as self structures causes autoimmune disorders. These self-structures are called “autoantigens”. Autoimmune disorders are divided into those directly damaging only a single organ system, and those in which many important organs are damaged (systemic). This article deals with the most important autoimmune mechanisms inducing autoimmune inflammation. It discusses the diagnoses of autoimmune disorders, which are based mainly on the clinical picture, and the most frequently used laboratory and immunological tests crucial for diagnosing particular autoimmune diseases. The purpose of this article is to emphasize the importance of the early clinical picture and laboratory testing of autoimmune diseases.
Predicting short-term (30-day) mortality in patients with ischemic stroke using the baseline score of the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale
Authors: Hojs Fabjan Tanja
Published: February 2023

Purpose: The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was developed to measure neurologic outcome and recovery in patients with stroke. The aim of our study was to establish the validity of the NIHSS on short-term (30-day) mortality in patients with ischemic stroke.

Methods: All 402 patients (216 males) with acute ischemic stroke hospitalized over 1 year were included in the study. Information on the presence of diabetes mellitus and smoking habits was obtained by a questionnaire. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure was measured upon hospital admission. The body mass index was calculated. Laboratory data were assessed in the first 24h after stroke onset. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was employed upon hospital admission. Patients were then followed up for 30 days.

Results: The mean age of patients was 70.89 years (range, 36–96 years). Women were older than men (P<0.0001). There were 49 (12.2%) deaths in the first 30 days. Patients who died had a higher NIHSS score upon hospital admission (P=0.0001), were older (P=0.013), had higher high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels (P=0.0001) and lower albumin levels (P=0.016). With Cox multivariable regression analyses, NIHSS score (P=0.0001) as well as levels of total cholesterol (TC) (P=0.004) and low-density lipoproteincholesterol (LDL-C) (P=0.016) were predictors of 30-day mortality. After the addition of age as a variable, NIHSS score (P=0.0001) as well as levels of TC (P=0.006) and LDL-C (P=0.025) remained predictors of mortality.

Conclusion: The NIHSS is a good predictor of outcome in short-term (30-day) mortality in patients with ischemic stroke.