bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Kadar Fenol dan Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) pada Limbah Hasil Elektroplating Tinplate di PT Latinusa, Tbk Cilegon
Authors: Pratiwi Salsa Widya , Utami Maisari
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan nilai kadar fenol dan Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) pada air buangan final proses pembuatan tinplate di laboratorium QA PT Latinusa, Tbk. Metode yang digunakan untuk analisis kadar fenol dan Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) yaitu dengan menggunakan Spektrofotometer UV-Vis HACH pada panjang gelombang 500 nm. Analisis kadar fenol dilakukan dengan menggunakan reagen NH4OH, K3[Fe(CN)6] dan antipirin, sedangkan analisis COD dilakukan dengan menggunakan reagen A (K2Cr2O7, H2SO4 dan HgSO4) serta reagen B (Ag2SO4 dan H2SO4). Analisis dilakukan setiap hari dalam satu bulan. Dari hasil analisis yang dilakukan diperoleh rata-rata kadar fenol pada air buangan final yaitu sebesar 0,32 mgL-1 dan sudah memenuhi baku mutu setelah dilakukan retest pada tanggal 6, 17, 19 dan 23 sedangkan untuk nilai COD sebesar 28,15 mgL1 sudah memenuhi baku mutu sehingga tidak berbahaya bagi lingkungan maupun makhluk hidup jika dibuang ke lingkungan.
Pengaruh Kadar Air dalam Tanah Terhadap Kadar C-Organik dan Keasaman (pH) Tanah
Authors: YANTI IKA , Kusuma Yuvia Rafi
Published: March 2022

Pengaruh kadar air terhadap kandungan C-Organik tanah dan keasaman pH tanah dilakukan dengan mengukur kandungan C-Organik tanah menggunakan metode Walkley dan Black sedangkan penentuan keasaman pH tanah dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekana analisis pH actual (H2O) dan pH pontesial (pH KCl). Kadar air dalam sampel tanah paling tinggi sebesar 20% dengan kadar C-Organik tanah 59,300%, keasamann pH H2O 3,114 dan pH KCl 1,759. Sedangkan kadar air dalam sampel tanah paling rendah sebesar 13% dengan kadar C-Organik tanah 48,640%, keasamann pH H2O 3,359 dan pH KCl 2,062. Kandungan air (kadar air) di dalam tanah mempengaruhi kadar C-Organik tanah dan keasaman pH tanah. Semakin besar kadar air maka semakin tinggi pula kadar C-Organik Tanah dan semakin masam keasaman pH tanah.
Analisis Parameter Fisika dan Kimia Outlet Ipal komunal Domestik Dusun Sukunan di Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Tepat Guna Pengolahan Air Limbah (PUSTEKLIM) Yogyakarta
Authors: Fajarwati Febi Indah , Putri Annisa Dwi
Published: March 2022

Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) komunal domestik Dusun Sukunan mengolah air limbah domestik yang dihasilkan dari kegiatan rumah tangga. Namun, pengolahan air limbah yang dilakukan belum menjamin kualitas air limbah yang dihasilkan. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan pengujian beberapa parameter pada outlet IPAL komunal domestik Dusun Sukunan seperti TDS, TSS,BOD, dan pH. Pengujian kadar TDS dan TSS dilakukan dengan metode gravimetri, yaitu menimbang massa yang diperoleh setelah dilakukan pemisahan. Pengujian kadar BOD dilakukan dengan metode iodometri (modifikasi azida), yaitu menentukan volume larutan natrium tiosulfat (Na2S2O3) yang digunakan untuk titrasi iodium (I2) yang dibebaskan pada sampel hari ke-0 dan hari ke-5. Sedangkan penentuan nilai pH dilakukan dengan menggunakan pH universal. Berdasarkan pengujian diperoleh kadar TDS adalah 1440 mg/L, TSS adalah 80 mg/L, BOD adalah 70,5625 mg/L, dan memiliki pH 7. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa terdapat parameter yang melebihi baku mutu air limbah domestik. Parameter tersebut adalah TSS, sedangkan parameter TDS, BOD, dan pH memenuhi persyaratan.
Ekstrak Etanolik Seledri (Apium graveolens L.) Memperbaiki Indeks Aktivitas Penyakit Kolitis Ulseratif dan Makroskopik Panjang Kolon Pada Tikus Yang di Induksi Asam Asetat
Authors: Dewangga Ardian , Saputra Chandra , Sahid Muhammad Novrizal Abdi , Gani Andayana Puspitasari
Published: March 2022

Kolitis ulseratif adalah kondisi peradangan yang menyerang kolon, dipengaruhi faktor genetik, gangguan imun, dan lingkungan yang ditandai adanya peradangan pada kolon dan bisa berlanjut pada pembentukan luka atau ulkus serta juga dapat memicu tumbuhnya kanker. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak etanolik seledri untuk perbaikan indeks aktivitas penyakit kolitis ulseratif pada tikus yang diinduksi asam asetat. Lima belas ekor tikus wistar jantan secara acak dibagi menjadi lima kelompok yaitu kelompok normal, kontrol positif (pemberian 5-asam amino salisilat), kontrol negatif, dan ekstrak etanolik seledri (dosis 100 mg/KgBB dan 300 mg/KgBB). Asam asetat 4 % sebagai penginduksi kolitis diberikan pada semua kelompok kecuali kelompok normal. Respon inflamasi terhadap induksi kolitis dinilai dengan mengamati indeks aktivitas penyakit kolitis ulseratif dan makroskopik panjang kolon. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terjadi penurunan indeks aktivitas penyakit kolitis ulseratif dan makroskopik panjang kolon setelah mendapat ekstrak etanolik seledri pada dosis 100 mg/KgBB dan 300 mg/KgBB pada tikus yang diinduksi asam asetat 4%. Dosis 300 mg/kgBB menunjukkan aktivitas yang lebih baik dari dosis 100 mg/kgBB dari parameter indeks aktivitas penyakit dan makroskopik panjang kolon. Pada pengukuran panjang kolon dosis 300 mg/kgBB menunjukkan perbedaan siginifkan dibandingkan kontrol negatif (p<0,05). Dari parameter kolitis diatas menunjukkan bahwa EES mempunyai potensi yang baik dalam terapi kolitis ulseratif. 
 
Aplikasi Edmodo Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Berbasis E-learning
Authors: Sahlia
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan aplikasi edmodo sebagai media pembelajaran di era milenial. Kemajuan terhadap teknologi membawa dampak perubahan di semua bidang, salah satunya pada bidang pendidikan. Terlebih penggunaan media pembelajaran berbasis e-learning banyak digandrungi orang-orang terutama oleh para guru untuk menunjang aktivitas pembelajaran. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, maka dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa edmodo digunakan sebagai penunjang pembelajaran jarak jauh berbentuk e-learning, di mana pembelajaran dapat dilakukan di manapun dan kapanpun. Edmodo akan menghubungkan guru, siswa, dan orangtua dalam satu wadah yang sama di mana ketiganya memiliki peran yang berbeda.

 

This research aims to determine the use of the Edmodo application as a learning medium in the millennial era. Advances in technology bring about changes in all fields, one of which is in the field of education. Moreover, the use of e-learning based learning media is loved by many people, especially by teachers to support learning activities. The method used in this research is qualitative method. Based on the results of the research, it can be concluded that Edmodo is used as a support for distance learning in the form of e-learning, where learning can be done anywhere and anytime. Edmodo will connect teachers, students, and parents in the same place where the three have different roles.
Analysis of Cold-Formed Steel Built-up Closed Sections Strengthened with GFRP
Authors: PV Premalatha , LK Rex
Published: March 2022

cold form steel sections are widely preferred due to the ease of fabrication and economical construction. This paper presents the results of experimental and numerical investigation of a regular cold-form steel (CFS) section to that of the section strengthened with Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP). Numerical analysis was performed using ANSYS and the results are compared with the experimental results and literature study. From the results, it is proposed that the concept of strategically applying GFRP material to steel members would improve the buckling resistance and thereby the load carrying capacity by 40%. Local bucking was arrested and the columns were able to take 50% more load before reaching the critical yield point. Hence it is recommended to strengthen the CFS columns where ever dimensional restrictions are not present.
The Effects of Nano-curcumin Supplementation on Adipokines Levels in Obese and Overweight Patients With Migraine: a Double Blind Clinical Trial Study
Authors: Sedighiyan Mohsen , Abdolahi Mina , Jafari Elham , Vahabi Zahra , Athar Sara Sohrabi , Hadavi Shima , Zamanabadi Mahnaz Narimani , Yekaninejad Mir-Saeed , Djalali Mahmoud
Published: March 2022

Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the effects of nano-curcumin supplementation on adipokines levels and clinical signs in obese and overweight patients with migraine.Results: Forty-four patients with episodic migraine participated in this clinical trial and were divided into two groups as nano-curcumin (80 mg/day) and control group over a two-month period. At the baseline and the end of the research, the serum levels of MCP-1, Resistin and Visfatine were measured using ELISA method. In addition, the headache attack frequencies, severity and duration of pain were recorded. The results of the present study showed that nano-curcumin can significantly reduce MCP-1 serum levels in nano-curcumin supplemented group (P=0.015, size effect= 13.4%). In the case of resistin and visfatine, a greater reduction was found in nano-curcumin group but it was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Nano-curcumin also significantly reduced the attack frequencies, severity and duration of headaches (P<0.05). These findings indicate that targeting curcumin can be a promising approach to migraine management. However, further comprehensive human trials are needed to confirm these finding.Trial Registration: This study was registered in Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) with ID number: IRCT20160626028637N2.
Metabolomics analysis reveals different mechanisms of Cadmium response and functions of reduced glutathione in Cadmium detoxification in the Chinese cabbage
Authors: gao jianwei , He Lilong , Yuan Chao , Li Xin , Li Cheng , Li Yongqing , Chen Donghua , Zhang Wei , Zheng Han
Published: March 2022

Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa) is one of the vegetable crops with the largest acreage and yield in East Asia. With the aggravation of heavy metal pollution in soil, the excessive accumulation of heavy metal has become increasingly severe in Chinese cabbage, among which, cadmium is one of the most representative elements. It is critical to understand the regulatory mechanism of Cadmium (Cd) response and tolerance in Chinese cabbage at the metabolism level. Comparative of functional metabolomics and transcript analyses were conducted in Chinese cabbage treated with different Cd concentrations. The results revealed that the transcript responses were not consistent with the metabolic responses, and Cd treatment at different concentrations could induce more specific differentially expressed metabolites. Moreover, the reduced glutathione (GSH) metabolism pathway was induced under the higher Cd stresses. The following result indicated that the GSH played a role in the reduction of Cd accumulation in Chinese cabbage under the higher Cd stresses but led to Cd accumulation under the low Cd stress. This study offers critical information on handling Cd contamination in Chinese cabbages at the different Cd contamination conditions. Different concentration of Cd stresses resulted different responses in Chinese cabbage, and GSH plays different roles in dealing with Cd concentration stresses in Chinese cabbage.
Climate Change Impact on Water Balance of Lake Hawassa Catchment
Authors: Gizachew Beyene Akirso and Seble , Gizachew Seble
Published: March 2022

This study assessed the impact of climate change (cc) on the water balance of the Lake Hawassa catchment. The CMhyd (Climate model data for hydrologic modeling) model was used to correct biases of the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) scenarios for 2050’s (2041–2070) and 2080’s (2071–2100). The impact of cc on water balance components was analyzed by Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model and its very good performance during the calibrate and validate periods, respectively are coefficient of determination (R²) 0.61 and 0.88 and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) 0.81 and 0.85. Projected precipitation (ppt) decreased by 11.4% and 8% in RCP4.5 and 20.67% and 15% in RCP8.5 respectively in 2050s and 2080s. The projected minimum and maximum temperature (Tmin&Tmax) is increased by 26.2% and 15.6% under RCP4.5 and increased by 45.8% and 29.5% under RCP8.5 respectively. The future water balance of Lake Hawassa catchment under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 by the end of 2100; ppt decreased by 12% and 27%, surface runoff increased by 10% and decreased by 16%, lateral discharge decreased by 39% and 50%, water yield decreased by 27% and 46%, evapotranspiration (ET) increased by 23% and 21% and potential evapotranspiration (PET) increased by 77% and 75.3% respectively. The increment in temperature and the decrement in ppt resulted increment in PET largely because the water holding capacity of air is increased. Moreover, the climatic variations and human influence the water balance of the study has affected. Therefore, constantly monitored and updated sustainable water resources management is needed in the area.
An optimization approach for designing carbon capture utilization and storage supply chain infrastructure with a multi-criterion decision making problem
Authors: NGUYEN TUAN BUI HUU , Leonzio Grazia
Published: March 2022

This study develops a framework for designing a carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) supply chain network with economic and environmental concerns. The target is to establish the best CCUS configuration pathways while considering the real geographic locations of CO2 sources, utilization/storage sinks, and various CO2-based products. The proposed problem is a multi-objective mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) problem where two objectives (costs and environmental impacts) are balanced. A two-dimensional Pareto front is constructed by implementing the ε-constraint method. The proposed framework is employed to address actual case research based on Germany in order to illustrate the model's capability. The results suggest that valuable insights achieved from the model can be applied to other countries at different scales (a state, region, nation level) and help decision-makers elect more sustainable options in the design of CCUS infrastructure.
Preceptors’ Preparedness to Teach About Substance and Opioid Use Disorder: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Lowe Enya , Kogan Alexis Coulourides , Feldman Corinne , Ma Sae Byul (Sarah) , Lie Désirée
Published: March 2022

Study Aim: Little is known about preceptors’ comfort and readiness to teach clinical students about the care of patients with substance and opioid use disorder (SUD/OUD). This study explores preceptors’ views about caring for such patients, and their preparedness to teach about SUD/OUD management, to improve graduate competencies.Methods: Particiants were recruited by convenience and snowball sampling. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with physician, physician assistant and nurse practitioner preceptors who taught medical and physician assistant students. Interviews were conducted via Zoom® videoconferencing. Transcripts were generated and independently analyzed for themes by 4 experienced coders using constant comparison and a grounded theory approach.Results: Fifteen interviews were conducted to theme saturation. We identified 3 major themes and 10 subthemes supported by exemplar quotes. The major themes were: education about SUD/OUD in primary care (subthemes include role modeling positive behaviors, negative patient bias as a barrier and need for longitudinal curriculum), treatment of SUD/OUD in primary care (need for systemic support and care continuity), and medication-assisted therapy (MAT) training as a tool for teaching (preceptors’ own training, and need for clinical students to be trained). Conclusions: Data analysis enabled the construction of a conceptual framework reflecting a continuum of preceptor comfort and preparedness to teach about SUD/OUD, associated with various barriers and motivators. This framework can guide future strategies to address facilitators and obstacles, in order to advance and promote preceptor preparedness to teach students about the care and management of patients with SUD/OUD.
Perinatal Predictors of Wheezing in the First Year of Life a Prospective Study in the South of Brazil
Authors: Veras Tiago Neves , Lima Helbert Nascimento , Pinto Leonardo Araujo , Cagliari Patricia Zanotelli , Silva Jean Carl
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Prematurity has been associated with the occurrence of respiratory symptoms throughout childhood, such as bronchiolitis and pneumonia. The identification of factors related to respiratory morbidity in childhood has direct implications for management and prevention. Objective: Evaluate the perinatal factors associated with wheezing in the first year of life in a prospective cohort of premature babies at a referral maternity hospital in southern Brazil.Methods: This is a prospective cohort of premature babies, less than 37 weeks of gestational age (defined by the Capurro Method or by ultrasound), and non-premature babies. The sample was non-probabilistic and defined by the ability to schedule follow-up appointments at the pulmonology outpatient clinic. The incidence rate for the occurrence of wheezing in the first year was estimated among full-term, premature, and extremely premature babies and adjusted for 1000 babies / year. Results: The number of newborns considered in the final analysis was 138 children (64 premature babies and 74 term babies). Regarding the general characteristics of the mothers, there was a predominance of low education (65.9%), of white ethnicity (79.7%), with an average age of 26 years. During the first year of life, 91 children (65.9%) visited the emergency room and 43 (31.2%) had at least one episode of wheezing. The occurrence of wheezing was 42.6% in male children (p = 0.010) 3). There was a higher percentage of wheezing episodes (35.9%) in preterm infants, especially those younger than 33 weeks (45%); however, this result was not statistically significant (p 0.260). In the multivariate analysis, only the male gender remained associated with the occurrence of wheezing in the first year of life (HR 2.24; 95% CI 1.19-4.21; p 0.012). Conclusions: In this follow-up study, the occurrence of wheezing in preterm infants in the first year of life was high, with twin pregnancy as the main risk factors, the male gender and the use of mechanical ventilation
The Mechanism of Activation of MEK1 by B-Raf and KSR1
Authors: Maloney Ryan Colin , Zhang Mingzhen , Liu Yonglan , Jang Hyunbum , Nussinov Ruth
Published: March 2022

MEK1 interactions with B-Raf and KSR1 are key steps in Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling. Despite this, vital mechanistic details of how these execute signal transduction are still enigmatic. Among these is why, despite B-Raf and KSR1 kinase domains similarity, the B-Raf/MEK1 and KSR1/MEK1 complexes have distinct contributions to MEK1 activation, and broadly, what is KSR1’s role. Our molecular dynamics simulations clarify these still unresolved ambiguities. Our results reveal that the proline-rich (P-rich) loop of MEK1 plays a decisive role in MEK1 activation loop (A-loop) phosphorylation. In the inactive B-Raf/MEK1 heterodimer, the collapsed A-loop of B-Raf interacts with the P-rich loop and A-loop of MEK1, minimizing MEK1 A-loop fluctuation and preventing it from phosphorylation. In the active B-Raf/MEK1 heterodimer, the P-rich loop moves in concert with the A-loop of B-Raf as it extends. This reduces the number of residues interacting with MEK1 A-loop, allowing increased A-loop fluctuation, and bringing Ser222 closer to ATP for phosphorylation. B-Raf αG-helix Arg662 promotes MEK1 activation by orienting Ser218 towards ATP. In KSR1/MEK1, the KSR1 αG-helix has Ala826 in place of B-Raf Arg662. This difference results in much fewer interactions between KSR1 αG-helix and MEK1 A-loop, thus a more flexible A-loop. We postulate that if KSR1 were to adopt an active configuration with an extended A-loop as seen in other protein kinases, then the MEK1 P-rich loop would extend in a similar manner as is seen in the active B-Raf/MEK1 heterodimer. This would result in highly flexible MEK1 A-loop, and KSR1 functioning as an active, B-Raf-like, kinase.
Maintaining Implementation Through Dynamic Adaptations (MIDAS): Protocol for a Cluster-Randomized Trial of Implementation Strategies to Optimize and Sustain use of Evidence-based Practices Veteran Health Administration (VHA) Patients
Authors: Damschroder Laura , Sussman Jeremy B. , Pfeiffer Paul N. , Kurlander Jacob E. , Freitag Michelle B. , Robinson Claire H. , Spoutz Patrick , Christopher Melissa , Battar Saraswathy , Dickerson Kimberly , Sedgwick Christopher , Wallace-Lacey Ashleigh G. , Barnes Geoffrey D , Linsky Amy M , Ulmer Christie S. , Lowery Julie C.
Published: March 2022

Background
The adoption and sustainment of evidence-based practices (EBPs) is a challenge within many healthcare systems, especially in settings that have already strived but failed to achieve longer-term goals. The Veterans Affairs (VA) Maintaining Implementation through Dynamic Adaptations (MIDAS) Quality Enhancement Research Initiative (QUERI) program was funded as a series of trials to test multi-component implementation strategies to sustain optimal use of three EBPs: 1) a deprescribing approach intended to reduce inappropriate polypharmacy; 2) appropriate dosing and drug selection of direct-acting anticoagulant medications (DOACs); and 3) use of cognitive behavioral therapy as first-line treatment for insomnia before pharmacologic treatment. We describe the design and methods for a harmonized series of cluster-randomized control trials comparing two implementation strategies.
Methods
For each trial, we will recruit 8–12 clinics (24–36 total). All will have access to a clinical dashboard that flags patients who may benefit from the target EBP at that clinic and provider. For each trial, clinics will be randomized to one of two implementation strategies to improve use of the EBPs: 1) individual-level academic detailing (AD); or 2) AD plus the team-based Learn. Engage. Act. Process. (LEAP) quality improvement (QI) learning program. The primary outcomes will be operationalized across the three trials as a patient-level dichotomous response (yes/no) indicating patients with potentially inappropriate care among those who may benefit from the EBP. This outcome will be computed using month-by-month administrative data. The dependent variable will be a unified variable representing clinic-level percent of potentially inappropriate care using generalized estimating equations (GEE) at months 13–36 post-baseline.
Discussion
MIDAS QUERI trials will focus on fostering sustained use of EBPs that previously had targeted but incomplete implementation. Our implementation approaches are designed to engage frontline clinicians in a dynamic optimization process that integrates use of actionable clinical dashboard data and making incremental changes, designed to be feasible within busy clinical settings.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05065502. Registered October 4, 2021 – Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05065502
“I am not shy anymore”: A Qualitative Study of the Impact of an Interactive mHealth Intervention on Sexual Health Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors of South African Adolescents with Perinatal HIV
Authors: Bergam Scarlett , Sibaya Thobekile , Ndlela Nompumelelo , Kuzwayo Mpume , Fomo Messaline , Goldstein Madeleine H , Marconi Vincent C. , Haberer Jessica E. , Archary Moherndran , Zanoni Brian C.
Published: March 2022

Background: South Africa has the highest burden of adolescents with perinatally-acquired HIV (APHIV) in the world. APHIV in South Africa have limited access to sexual and reproductive health (SRH) education and services specific to their HIV status. When lacking comprehensive SRH education, APHIV are prone to sexual risk behaviors that can lead to unintended pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections, and HIV transmission. The use of mHealth interventions has been shown to deliver information, foster social support, and improve decision-making skills. In this study, we evaluate how an mHealth intervention influences sexual health knowledge and behaviors in APHIV. Methods: We purposively enrolled adolescents from the intervention arm of a randomized clinical trial assessing a multi-module, moderated WhatsApp-based intervention—Interactive Transition Support for Adolescents Living with HIV (InTSHA)—within a government supported clinic in KwaMashu, an urban township of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. We conducted in-depth interviews based on World Health Organization guidelines for asking adolescents about SRH. We thematically analyzed data through an iterative, team-based coding approach combining deductive and inductive elements to contextualize SRH attitudes, knowledge, and behaviors before and after receiving the InTSHA intervention.Results: Of the 21 participants, 13 (61.9%) were female and the mean age was 16.6 years. Most participants reported first learning about SRH as young teenagers in school through non-targeted and negative ways, seeking clarification through peers and the internet rather than clinicians or caregivers. Participants reported that InTSHA provided a holistic and destigmatizing perspective on relationships, gender, and sexuality specific to growing up with HIV in South Africa. They praised the ability to give and receive information from peers in a moderated setting through the mHealth intervention, building their confidence, decision-making skills, and communication with partners and caregivers throughout their everyday lives. Despite reporting some technological challenges, adolescents agreed that InTSHA was convenient, confidential, and user-friendly.Conclusions: South African APHIV receive incomplete and conflicting sexual education from peers, caregivers, teachers, and technology that can be supplemented by mHealth curricula targeted for the unique needs of APHIV. Future, scaled-up mHealth interventions can destigmatize SRH by expanding access to sexual education and peer support, supplementing adolescents’ existing SRH education.
Synthesis and Antitumor Activity Evaluation in Vitro of 4-aminoquinazoline Derivatives Containing 1,3,4-thiadiazole
Authors: Si Xiaojie , Dai Honglin , Gao Chao , Wang Hao , Chi Lingling , Wang Zhangjie , Zhang Luye , Li Erdong , Zheng Jiaxin , Ke Yu , Liu Hongmin , Zhang Qiurong
Published: March 2022

In order to search for new antitumor drugs with high efficiency and low toxicity, a series of novel 4-aminoquinazoline derivatives containing 1,3,4-thiadiazole group were designed, synthesized and evaluated for antiproliferative activity against four human cancer cell lines (H1975, PC-3, MCF-7 and HGC-27) using MTT assay in vitro. Among them, compound N-(5-((3,5-dichlorobenzyl)thio)-1,3,4thiadiazol-2-yl)-2-((4-(phenylamino)quinazolin-2-yl)thio)acetamide ( 15o ) showed good anti-tumor proliferation activity against four tested cancer cell lines, with IC 50 values of 1.96±0.15μM to PC-3 cell. The antitumor activity was significantly better than that of gefitinib. Further mechanism studies showed that compound 15o inhibited the migration ability of PC-3 tumor cells in a concentration dependent and time-dependent manner, and blocked the cell cycle in S phase. At the same time, cell cloning experiment further proved that compound 15o significantly inhibited the colony formation of PC-3 cells, The inhibition rate was as high as 92% at 2.0 μM.
Characterisation of the Multimodal Care Provided by Uk Chiropractors: a Survey
Authors: Walker Keith R , Swait Gabrielle
Published: March 2022

Background
Evidence indicates that chiropractors provide multimodal care. However this has not been characterised for any individual condition, other than low back pain and for maintenance/wellness care. It is also unclear how treatment approaches may be implemented over a course of care. The modalities utilised by chiropractors in the United Kingdom (UK) have not been evaluated since 1977. The study’s purpose was to characterise the initial phase of care, provided by chiropractors, for different presenting conditions.
Methods
A prospective longitudinal survey was conducted. Participating chiropractors recruited first time patients to the study and subsequently recorded in an electronic data collection form the care approaches used for each presenting condition. This was repeated for up to 4 consecutive visits over a maximum period of 1 month. Data were descriptively analysed to characterise the modalities used for each condition and whether these were introduced at the first visit, formed a core approach used at every visit, or were introduced at a later point within the early phase of care.
Results
137 chiropractors provided data from 3687 visits for different conditions. Multimodal care was provided across all different conditions. Most patients received manual therapy that included articular and soft tissue techniques. Exercise approaches were used for many patients, across most conditions. Pain education was used at a moderate level (more frequently than previously reported) for most conditions. A wide range of other approaches were used at lower frequencies. Some differences in approach between conditions were identified. Chiropractors usually introduced an intervention at the first visit, frequently continuing this as a core approach to the early phase of care. Exercise had a slightly greater tendency than other approaches to be introduced later.
Conclusions
This survey characterised for the first time the high level of multimodal care provided by participating chiropractors in the UK for all individual presenting conditions, across the initial phase of care. Limitation in the generalisability of the study findings may exist. The rationale for differences in multimodal care between conditions is unclear and the level of concordance with clinical guidelines and best evidence remains to be established.
Early Short-Term Rehabilitation Improves Patient Satisfaction For Total Knee Arthroplasty On Discharge: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Guo Zheng , Lu Lintao , Wang Jian , Wang Cheng , Ma Xiaoyuan , Dai Guofeng
Published: March 2022

Background: Early initiated rehabilitation is generally thought to be conducive in achieving optimal results following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, the impact of early rehabilitation on patient satisfaction has not been elucidated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of an early short-term rehabilitation by therapist on inpatient satisfaction and functional outcomes.Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 2 cohorts of patients who had undergone TKAs between November 1, 2020, and August 31, 2021. Patients in therapist group received a therapist-led rehabilitation program, while patients in conventional group received a common rehabilitation program guided by surgeons. The programs were both started on postoperative day (POD) 1 and lasted for 3 days. Outcomes included patient satisfaction, Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) pain score, range of motion (ROM) on POD4 and functional outcomes at 3 and 6 weeks postoperative.Results: A total of 113 patients (79% female) were included, with 59.2% were satisfied, and 40.8% dissatisfied. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, therapist rehabilitation significantly improved the overall satisfaction (2.5; 95% CI, 1.1-5.7) and ROM (7.5°; 95% CI, 1.9-12.7) respectively, but reduced pain without a significance as well as the functional scores at 3 weeks after surgery. The multivariate adjusted smoothing spline plots between age and satisfaction percent showed therapist is more important for patients over 65 years.Conclusion: Early short-term therapist rehabilitation enhanced patient satisfaction and ROM during the inpatient time, especially for patients more than 65 years.
Immunohistochemical localization of MD2, a co-receptor of TLR4, in the adult mouse brain
Authors: Liang Huazheng , Li Zhen , Dong Qianyu , Wan Hanxi , Gao Xiaofei , Xiong Lize
Published: March 2022

Background: MD2, a co-receptor of a classical proinflammatory protein TLR4 whose activation leads to neuroinflammation. It is widely accepted that TLR4 is expressed on the cell surface of microglia and astrocytes, and MD2 is expected to be expressed by these cells as well. However, our previous study showed that neurons from certain nuclei also expressed MD2. Whether MD2 is expressed by other brain nuclei is still unknown. It is the aim of the present study to map the distribution of MD2 positive cells in the adult mouse brain.Methods: Immunohistochemical staining against MD2 was completed to localize MD2 positive cells in the mouse brain by comparing the location of positive cells with the mouse brain atlas. Retrograde tracing and double immunofluorescence staining with both MD2 and TH were conducted to examine whether dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra projecting to the striatum were MD2 positive.Results: MD2 positive cells were found in the majority of mouse brain nuclei with clusters of cells in the olfactory bulb, cortices, the red nucleus, and cranial nuclei. Subcortical nuclei had heterogenous staining of MD2 with more prominent cells in the basolateral and the central amygdaloid nuclei. The ventral pallidum and the diagonal bands had positive cells with similar density and shape. Prominent cells were present in thalamic nuclei which were nearly homogenous, reticular formation of the brainstem where cells were dispersed with similar density. The hypothalamus had fewer outstanding cells compared with the thalamus. The red nucleus, the substantia nigra, and the ventral tegmental area in the pretectum had outstanding cells with the latter two containing dopaminergic neurons projecting to the striatum as shown in retrograde tracing and double fluorescence staining. Raphe, sensory cranial, and deep cerebellar nuclei also had MD2 positive cells with moderate density.Conclusion: MD2 is present not only in glial cells, but also in neurons. Some MD2 positive dopaminergic neurons in SNC and VTA projected to the striatum.
Construction of immune related prognostic model for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma based on single cell RNA-seq analysis
Authors: Chen Kai , Wang Qi , Liu Xinxin , Wang Feng , Ma Yongsu , Zhang Shupeng , Shao Zhijiang , Yang Yinmo , Tian Xiaodong
Published: March 2022

There are no reliable biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis evaluation in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Single cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) revealed tumor microenvironment heterogeneity in PDAC. This study aimed to construct immune-related prognostic model of PDAC based on scRNA-seq. Multiple scRNA-seq datasets for PDAC were retrieved from online databases and combined with scRNA-seq results from and our previous study. The malignant ductal cells were identified through calculating CNV scores. The common immune related signatures were identified to develop prognostic model using scRNA-seq and TCGA_PAAD datasets. The expression and distribution of key signature gene SPP1 was explored by scRNA-seq and multicolor immunohistochemistry. The robust markers of malignant ductal cells in PDAC were found. Five immune-related signatures, including SPP1, LINC00683, SNHG10, LINC00237, CASC19 were used to develop risk score formula to predict the overall survival of PDAC patients. We also constructed an easy-to-use nomogram, combining risk score, N stage, and margin status of PDAC. The expression level of SPP1 was related to the prognosis and immune regulators. In addition, we found that SPP1 was mainly expressed in ductal cells and macrophages in PDAC. In conclusion, we constructed a promising prognostic model based on immune related genes and LncRNAs for PDAC using scRNA-seq and TCGA_PAAD datasets.
SA-SI treatment：A potential method to maintain the quality and protein properties on mackerel (Pneumatophorus japonicus) during storage
Authors: LAN Weiqing , DU Jintao , LIU Lin , PU Tianting , ZHOU Yuxiao , XIE Jing
Published: March 2022

The study investigated the effect of slurry ice (SI), slightly acidic electrolyzed water-slurry ice (SAEW-SI), antioxidants of bamboo leaves-slurry ice (AOB-SI), and slightly acidic electrolyzed water combined with antioxidants of bamboo leaves-slurry ice (SA-SI) on the protein characteristics and quality of mackerel. The results showed that SA-SI treatment significantly inhibited the growth of microorganisms (P < 0.05), which registered about 1.5 logarithm cycle lower than SI. Moreover, it was obtained that SA-SI treatment significantly inhibited (P < 0.05) the increase in carbonyl content, TCA-soluble peptide, myofibrillar fragmentation index (MFI) and surface hydrophobicity. Additionally, the results of SDS-PAGE and atomic force microscope (AFM) confirmed that SA-SI effectively delayed the degradation of myofibrillar protein, which were consistent with the results of the secondary and tertiary structure. Therefore, SA-SI might be a promising method which could delay the oxidation and the degradation of protein; thus, the excellent quality of mackerel was maintained with the best sensory evaluation.
Simulation of Performance Evaluation Model for Medical-Elderly Care Integrated Institutions Based on System Dynamics
Authors: Shi Yongqiang , Fan Fangfang , Zhang Zhiyong
Published: March 2022

Background
This paper takes the Chinese medical-elderly care integration model as the background, and aims to quantitatively explore the impact of different investment levels on the performance of the medical-elderly care integrated institutions.
Methods
Using the method of system dynamics, this paper divides the performance evaluation system of the medical-elderly care integrated institutions into three subsystems: input subsystems, output subsystems, and result subsystems, establishes a system dynamics model of performance evaluation for the medical-elderly care integrated institutions. Then set the integrated medical-elderly care service content, human input, material input, and policy support as the key elements, and finally use Vensim PLE software for simulation.
Results
The four key elements have different degrees of improvement in the performance of the medical-elderly care integrated institutions. Among them, the integrated medical-elderly care service content and the human input have the most significant impact on the performance of institutions. The model simulation results show that the system appears emergence phenomenon: the improvement rate of the combined effect of multiple factors is always higher than the sum of the improvement rates of the individual factors.
Conclusion
The integration of service content and resource investment in the combination of medical and elderly care can promote the performance of elderly care institutions effectively. Policy support plays an important role in promoting the development of institutional medical-care integration models. Managers should formulate the development strategy of elderly care institutions from a systematic perspective, and pay attention to the integration of "medical" and "elderly care" resources.
Assessment of quality of commercially available some selected edible oils accessed in Ethiopia
Authors: Tolesa Leta Deressa , Chala Tolesa Fita , Abdi Gemechu Fikadu , Geleta Tekalign Kejela
Published: March 2022

Objective
In the present study, an effort has been performed to determine trans fatty acid, free fatty acid, and cholesterol content of some selected edible oils in Ethiopia. Five brands of locally made different edible oil samples were purchased from super markets of Ethiopia. The quality of these edible oils was analyzed by evaluating their chemical properties such as acid, saponification and peroxide values using standard methods (titrimetric technique).
Results
The results of the study revealed that maximum and minimum acid value was 5.59 ± 0.02 mg/g for Beksa (Niger oil) and 0.11 ± 0.02 mg/g for Tena (sunflower) oil respectively. Similarly, the saponification value showed (223.2 ± 0.39 mg/kg) for Tena and (173.4 ± 0.46 mg/kg) for Beksa. The maximum peroxide value was observed in Lulu (vegetable oil; 11.67 ± 0.11 meq O2/kg) and minimum value found in Sunny (sunflower oil; 2.84 ± 0.05 meq O2/kg). The highest total free fatty acid as oleic acid was observed in Beksa (2.95 ± 0.03%) and lowest total free fatty acid in Tena oil (0.06 ± 0.03%). On the other hands, two trans fatty acids; oleic acid (C 18:1) and linoleic acid (C 18:2) were detected in the 5 edible oils by using GC method.
Relationship Between Poverty and Diet Among High School Students in Okinawa, Japan: a Cross-sectional Study Using a Questionnaire Survey Among High School Students and Their Parents
Authors: Kyan Yurika
Published: March 2022

Background: Because most Japanese high schools do not have school lunch programs, the students' meals depend on the economic situation of the household. However, few studies on the relation between diet and poverty have been conducted in Japanese high school students. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between poverty and diet among Japanese high school students. Methods: A cross-sectional study using a questionnaire survey was conducted among 2,792 pairs of high school students and their parents in Okinawa, Japan. High school students were asked about the frequency of breakfast intake and consumption of the following food groups: fish and meat, fish and meat products, vegetables, fruits, milk and dairy products, sweets, sugar-sweetened beverages, instant noodles, and fast food. Households with an income of less than 1.22 million yen were considered to belong to the poverty group, whereas those with higher income belonged to the non-poverty group. Chi-square tests and logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the association between poverty and diet. Results: The poverty group accounted for 18.5%. Compared to the non-poverty group, those in the poverty group had a higher OR for sugar-sweetened beverages (OR=1.38; 95% CI=1.04, 1.82), instant noodles (OR=3.10; 95% CI= 1.57, 6.13), fast food (OR=2.76; 95% CI=1.37, 5.54) more than once a day. This association remained significant even after adjusting for confounders. Conclusions: High school students in the poverty group tended to consume ultra-processed foods. These results suggest the need to provide high school students without school lunch programs in a healthy food environment that considers their socioeconomic status.
Re-defining the classification of heterotopic ossification of the elbow: A retrospective study
Authors: Wang Haochen , Zhu Yong , Lin Zhangyuan , Zhao Ruibo , Long Haitao , Cheng Liang
Published: March 2022

Background None of the existing classifications of heterotopic ossification (HO) of the elbow is based on anatomy, therefore they cannot accurately guide or predict excision. This study was to evaluate the anatomical morphology of HO of the elbow resulting from different etiologies and to propose a new HO classification system based on three-dimensional (3D) mapping technology. Methods We retrospectively included 76 cases of HO of the elbow from 2014 to 2021. All their demographic and etiologic information were collected and imported into medical imaging software. The distribution of the HO of the elbows and the 3D heat map was then created to evaluate the location and pattern of the HO. The volume of each HO based on mapping model and the length of the HO were measured to better analyze the characteristics of different types of HO. Results From the aggregated 3D image of the 76 HO cases, 85.53% have affected the dorsal side of the elbow, especially on the humeroulnar side (81.58%). And 26.32% have involved the anterior part of elbow, few cases were distributed among the radial head (10.53%) and olecranon fossa (1.32%). Subsequently, in accordance with the anatomical and morphological characteristics, a new HO classification of the elbow was proposed. The kappa score for inter- and intra-observer agreement of this classification system was 0.86 (95% CI, 0.72 -1.00) and 0.90 (95% CI, 0.78 -1.00), respectively. Conclusion This new HO classification system of the elbow may help surgeons to speculate the possible pathological anatomy and to design the best preoperative plan for excision.
CT-Based Deep Learning Enables Postoperative Recurrence Prediction for Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Wakiya Taiichi , Ishido Keinosuke , Kimura Norihisa , Nagase Hayato , Kanda Taishu , Ichiyama Sotaro , Soma Kenji , Matsuzaka Masashi , Sasaki Yoshihiro , Kubota Shunsuke , Fujita Hiroaki , Sawano Takeyuki , Umehara Yutaka , Wakasa Yusuke , Toyoki Yoshikazu , Hakamada Kenichi
Published: March 2022

Preoperatively accurate evaluation of risk for postoperative recurrence contributes to maximizing the therapeutic success of surgical resection for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA). This study aimed to investigate the potential of deep learning (DL) algorithms for predicting postoperative early recurrence through the use of preoperative images. We collected the dataset, including preoperative plain computed tomography (CT) images, from 41 patients undergoing curative surgery for iCCA at multiple institutions. We built a CT patch-based predictive model using a residual convolutional neural network and used 5-fold cross-validation. The prediction accuracy of the model was analyzed. We defined early recurrence as recurrence within a year after surgical resection. Of the 41 patients, early recurrence was observed in 20 (48.8%). A total of 71,081 patches were extracted from the entire segmented tumor area of each patient. The average accuracy of the ResNet model for predicting early recurrence was 98.2% for the training dataset. In the validation dataset, the average sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 97.8%, 94.0%, and 96.5%, respectively. Furthermore, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.994. Our CT-based DL model exhibited high predictive performance in projecting postoperative early recurrence, proposing a novel insight into iCCA management.
Effects of dual mycorrhizal inoculation on Pinus strobus seedlings are influenced by soil resource availability
Authors: Fahey Catherine , Bell F. Wayne , Antunes Pedro M.
Published: March 2022

PURPOSE
Mycorrhizal interactions can drive plant productivity, diversity, and ecosystem function; however, gaps remain in our understanding of interactions among plants and different mycorrhizal types. Species in the Pinaceae primarily associate with ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi; however, some species can be colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi as rudimentary hosts. Interactions between plants and mycorrhizal fungi are expected to change along the mutualism-parasitism spectrum with changes in resource availability; however, the impacts of AM fungi on rudimentary hosts under different resource conditions are unknown.
METHODS
In this study, we assessed the individual and interactive effects of ECM and AM inoculation on Pinus strobus seedlings under factorial combinations of low, medium, or high nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) supply.
RESULTS
No AM colonization was observed at the end of the experiment; however, seedlings inoculated with AM fungi showed significantly reduced growth. AM inoculation also had the greatest effect on P. strobus tissue nutrient concentrations under low N fertilization including increased P and reduced Mn and N:P ratio. ECM colonization benefited P. strobus growth and P uptake, especially under low P availability, but ECM colonization rate itself was limited by low P. ECM colonization also improved seedling regulation of N:P ratio near optimum compared to uncolonized seedlings.
CONCLUSION
We conclude that the effects of ECM and AM inoculation on P. strobus are context dependent, which may have important implications for regeneration and early growth of P. strobus in natural and managed forests.