bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theoretical Basis of Cost Management of Enterprise
Authors:   Khmelnytskyi National University, Kvasnytska Raisa
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Introduction. The main factor in ensuring the competitive advantages of the effective functioning of any enterprise, its stable economic development, is the improvement of the efficiency and optimization of the enterprise's costs. Therefore, in order to achieve a high economic and financial result of activity, enterprises of various industries and spheres of operation need effective cost management. Cost management is aimed at the constant search and identification of resource saving reserves, stimulation of resource conservation and cost reduction in order to obtain the effect of commercial calculation based on the results of the enterprise's activities. Purpose. Research of scientific approaches of various scientists to the definition of the concept of «cost management», determination of cost management functions and systematization of cost management principles at the enterprise. Results. Substantiates the author's position regarding the essence of this concept of «cost management», which should be considered as an integral system of organizational and functional support and a methodological toolkit of influencing the process of spending, which includes managerial actions , the purpose of which is for the enterprise to obtain a high positive financial result of its activity. It was determined, that cost management at the enterprise involves the performance of general functions inherent in the management of any object and specific functions. It is justified, that consideration of the principles of cost management should be carried out through a thorough coverage of their substantive basis with the disclosure of the opportunities that the enterprise receives in cost management, subject to compliance with one or another principle. The main principles of cost management of the enterprise are summarized, which include the following principles: system-complex approach to cost management; intersubject feedback; resource reservation; continuity of cost management for the production and sale of a specific product; economic validity and reliability of information about costs; the adequacy of the results of management actions regarding costs; independence. Conclusions. The author's position on the essence of cost management is outlined in the article, the general and specific functions of cost management are detailed, and the principles of the cost management process at the enterprise are detailed. It is ensuring maximum compliance of the specified principles at the enterprise that enables the effectiveness of cost management, which is part of the general management system of the enterprise and reflects the efficiency of economic activity.
Migration Risks as Determinants of Increased Social Vulnerability of the Population
Authors:   M. Dolishniy Institute of Regional Research of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Mulska Olha , Ivaniuk Ulana
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Introduction. Migration processes and social vulnerability of the population are complementary phenomena and have a causal nexus, migration risks and threats lead to a weakening of the social resistance of the territory, and minimization of negative consequences, which requires the development of appropriate preventive mechanisms. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to systematize conceptual and methodological approaches to modelling migration risks in the projection of strengthening the social vulnerability of the population in conditions of economic and socio-political shocks. Results. Based on the systematization of scientific research and the results of developments of internal and international scientists, it was established that migration risks are losses of the economic system and social sphere because of the human resources outflow and negative consequences that arise due to inefficient management of remittances. Differentiation of migration risks in the context of national and regional levels (financial, socio-economic, demographic) was carried out. It is substantiated that migration risks are the losses of the economic system and social sphere that the country receives because of the human resources outflow, and the negative consequences that arise because of inefficient management of remittances. Important in the state policy of migration management is the classification of migration risks with such key features as channels, spheres and scale of influence, forms of manifestation, degrees of validity, causes, sources and levels of occurrence, character, and duration. Conclusions. Migration risks weaken the resistance of the demographic sphere of the territories (decrease of the number of the population, in particular the share of young people, reduction of labour resources and highly qualified specialists), innovative (spreading technological regression, reducing innovative competitiveness), economic system (decrease of GDP, possible increase in inflation).
Administrative Decision-Making Under Conditions of Uncertainty
Authors:   National Aviation University, Oleshko Tamara , Popyk Nataliia ,   National Aviation University, Domaskina Kseniia ,   National Aviation University
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Introduction. Enterprises of Ukraine today are at a new stage of development, which is determined both by pandemic events and changes of a political, financial and global nature, which significantly complicates the management decisionmaking. It is clear that making a management decision is an important stage in the company's activity. Usually, a decision is made as one of many alternatives that are mutually exclusive. It is believed that the decision that allows to obtain the maximum profit is rational. However, today, this is not quite the case. The effective functioning of the economic system as a whole and its individual subjects is determined by a certain level of uncertainty. It is impossible to thoroughly study its behavior without considering this level. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to study the concepts of uncertainty, clarify the levels of uncertainty and determine the features of management decision-making at certain stages of uncertainty in modern dynamic conditions. Results. Management decision-making in conditions of uncertainty is a process that results in the selection of an alternative based on the complex interaction of analysis, forecasting, optimization, economic justification, etc., which occurs in conditions of complete or partial lack of information. The article updates issues related to the functioning of enterprises in conditions of risk and uncertainty. A brief analysis of the crisis situation in which our country and the world found itself was conducted, it was compared with other similar situations, and the main consequences of this situation were outlined. Questions are raised regarding the problems of identification and timely assessment of the level of uncertainty at which the company found itself, since its correct definition will allow effective decisions to be made for further development. The concept of uncertainty is studied, the reasons for its occurrence are analyzed. The main levels of uncertainty and their signs, which determine the peculiarities of decision-making at its individual stages in modern dynamic conditions, are outlined and clarified. An analysis of the features of management decision-making in crisis conditions was carried out. Directions of company behavior and decision-making at different levels of uncertainty are proposed. Conclusions. Underestimating the uncertainty factor leads to choosing a strategy that will not allow the company to protect itself from challenges and threats. After conducting the analysis, we note the dependence of the risk degree on the level of uncertainty. To help in choosing an alternative, it is advisable to use a modern mathematical apparatus. The effectiveness of management decision-making depends on the correct definition of the level and type of uncertainty.
The Development of Insurance Markets as a Basis for Ensuring the Resilience of Systems Guaranteeing Social and Economic Security of Regions
Authors:   Mykolayiv National Agrarian University, Poltorak Anastasiia
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Introduction. The escalation of political and military conflicts in the world and the COVID-19 pandemic have led to significant human losses and caused the activation of destructive socio-economic processes in the world, which have a negative impact on ensuring the resilience of regional socio-economic security guarantee systems. National systems of socioeconomic security suffer from macroeconomic instability, critical changes in the conditions of operation, transmission of threats of a military and economic nature. In these conditions, the problem of revitalizing the development of insurance markets as a basis for ensuring the resilience of the systems of guaranteeing social and economic security of the regions is an important problem and meets the current needs of society and the economy. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to evaluate the development of insurance markets as a basis for ensuring the resilience of the systems of guaranteeing social and economic security of the regions. Results. The dynamics of the growth of insurance premiums in the world for 2016-2021 were analyzed and it was found that the cumulative average annual growth rate of global gross insurance premiums for the period 2016-2021 is 4.0%, while in North and South America this indicator was 5.5%. In Europe, the Middle East and Africa, this indicator was only 1.3%, in the AsiaPacific region - 3.3%. Conclusions. Among the main threats to the development of insurance markets as a basis for ensuring the resilience of regional socio-economic security guarantee systems, the following are expediently highlighted: geopolitical upheavals, a high level of military threats in the world; significant weakening of economic stability; the situation on the energy market; disruption of supply chains; growing inflationary risk; COVID-19. Among the main opportunities for the development of insurance markets as a basis for ensuring the resilience of regional socio-economic security guarantee systems, the following are highlighted: digitalization opportunities; raising awareness of mortality and health risks; risk reassessment in the field of commercial insurance.
Imperatives of Development of the Banking System of Ukraine in Conditions of Digitalization and Market Transformations
Authors:   Mykolayiv National Agrarian University, Sirenko Natalia Sirenko Natalia , Mikuliak Kateryna ,   Mykolayiv National Agrarian University
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Introduction. The development of digitalization processes causes the appearance of new participants in the financial market, changes the structure of competition in the banking sector, reduces the profitability of traditional banking activities, and therefore forces banks to look for new sources of income. Transformations are also dictated by new challenges that stimulate the active growth of digital operations and create demand for digital products and services in the financial sphere. The article proves that digital and market transformation processes affect the future development of the banking system of Ukraine, requiring constant monitoring and adaptation to today's requirements. Purpose. The purpose of the research is to reveal the imperatives of the development of the banking system of Ukraine in view of the rapid processes of digitalization and systematic market transformations. Results. Based on the study of scientific sources and the current state of the banking system, the key imperatives of its development in the conditions of digitalization and market transformations are determined: improvement of the financial ecosystem; promotion of neobanks; open banking; artificial intelligence and machine learning; cryptocurrency. The classification of types of banking innovations (product innovations, process innovations, innovations in business models) is shown indicating the specifics of their implementation. The stages of the process of development and introduction of new banking products are considered, as well as the evolution of the financial ecosystem and the NBU ecosystem in the context of the global financial ecosystem are presented. Conclusions. . It is proven that there will be a transition to a new world of adaptive banking services, and technology will allow banks to satisfy the unique set of changing preferences of each client with the help of services or programs created according to the principle of modularity or the designer, according to which each user will choose only the modules he needs. Implementation of the above-mentioned trends in banking activity requires banks to develop clear strategy based on the types of innovations in partnership with external business structures, thanks to the development of new competencies and the transformation of corporate culture.
The Influence of Financial Literacy, Financial Experiences on Investment Planning Behavior
Authors:   Sriwijaya University, Yuliani Yuliani , Muhammad Kms Husni Thanrin , Muhammad Kms Husni Thanrin ,   Sriwijaya University, Farida Aprilia ,   Sriwijaya University
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Introduction. Investment planning is an important aspect of financial management, where investment is defined as the use of capital to make money, either through income-generating ways or through riskier enterprises aimed to generate profits. Financial Experiences play an essential role in financial practice, which is the process by which civil servants gain experience through experiences that are sensed individually as a result of environmental stimuli and impart a particular impression. Financial Experiences have a good link with investment planning, Financial Experiences that have a significant and positive impact can encourage civil servants to start paying more attention to their financial experience, allowing them to plan future investments with greater care. Purpose. This research aims to investigate the direct effect of financial literacy and financial experience on investment planning behavior, as well as the indirect effect of financial literacy and financial experience on investment planning behavior, via self-control as an intervening variable, among civil servants in the Palembang City Government Regional Secretariat. Using a sample of 200 civil servants from the Regional Secretariat of Palembang City. Results. Financial Literacy has an effect on self-control, as shown by the results of a data analysis. A positive estimate value indicates that the effect is positive. Financial Experiences have an effect on self-control. Financial Literacy influences the behavior of Palembang City Regional Secretariat Civil Servant investment planning. Conclusions. This study concludes that financial literacy and financial experience have a positive influence on self-control and investment planning behavior, and that financial literacy and financial experience can be mediated by self-control.
Bubalinocultura leiteira e o bem-estar animal
Authors: Reis Rosana Colatino Soares , Sousa Sabrina Luzia Gregio de , Oliveira Rodrigo Vasconcelos de , Ramos João Paulo de Farias , Andrade Leonardo Lucas da Rocha , Neves Sheila Denise de Oliveira , Perez Vitória Mirian Cristina Ferreira , Alves Julia Soares , Verçosa Lucas Lima Damieri , Oliveira Karollyne dos Reis
Published: February 2023

A bubalinocultura leiteira é uma atividade em expansão devido à demanda de produtos derivados lácteos pelos consumidores. Entretanto, para o sucesso desta atividade de produção leiteira as características dos búfalos domésticos devem ser consideradas para adoções de técnicas de manejo e bem-estar nos sistemas de produção. Assim, características como prolificidade, precocidade, longevidade e alta adaptabilidade ao clima são ímpares na escolha desta espécie e, consequentemente, na escolha do modo de criação. Recentemente, evidenciou-se uma crescente preocupação da sociedade com o bem-estar dos animais de produção e em especial a esta espécie. Ressalta-se que a promoção do bem-estar dos animais eleva a saúde do rebanho, a qual é também essencial para a qualidade dos produtos de origem animal obtidos. Considerando o exposto, este artigo tem por objetivo revisar a importância do diagnóstico de bem-estar e as consequências de sua promoção na bubalinocultura leiteira.
The Effect of Lead Oxide on the Change in Gamma Ray Protection Parameters of Bismuth Oxide
Authors: COŞKUN Arzu , ÇETİN Betül
Published: February 2023

The aim of this study is to investigate the gamma ray radiation absorption properties of bismuth oxide (Bi2O3), and determine the effect of lead oxide (PbO) additive in the shielding of Bi2O3. For this reason, the radiation absorption parameters such as mass attenuation coefficient (MAC), linear attenuation coefficient (LAC), half value layer (HVL), tenth value layer (TVL) and mean free path (mfp) were calculated theoretically for the Bi2O3, PbO, and 50% Bi2O3-50%PbO. The all parameters results were obtained by using the GATE/Geant4 (Geant4 Application for Tomographic Emission) simulation code in energy range 511 keV, 662 keV, 1173 keV, 1274 keV, and 1332 keV. Also, the gamma ray protection parameters were calculated by using the XCOM program in the energy range from 1 keV to 1 GeV. Thus, the simulated the GATE/Geant4 results were tested for correctness using the XCOM program. On the other hand, theoretically were calculated values of all parameters of the shielding materials were compared with each other. These results indicate that the GATE/Geant4 results were in good agreement with the XCOM results.
Online to Offline Learning; Transition to New Normal Education
Authors: Firman Firman , Puspita Sari Arlinda , Hadira Hadira
Published: February 2023

This qualitative research aims to examine the transition from online learning to offline Face-to-Face Instruction. The research was conducted at SMAN 2 Majene from August to November 2021. Data collection was carried out in three stages. The first stage was distributing questionnaires to 63 students. The second stage was the observation of learning in classroom. The third stage was in-depth interviews with 9 students using interview guidelines. This research was approved by the Principal of SMAN 2 Majene and all participants have expressed their willingness to be research respondents. Open questionnaire data and interview results were analyzed using Miles and Huberman’s qualitative data analysis techniques, which include data presentation, data reduction, and drawing conclusions, observational data are summarized and presented in tabular form. The results showed that (1) students are more excited and motivated to learn when face-to-face instruction is implemented; (2) Students experience social awkwardness when meeting friends at school. (3) Students struggle to actively engage in learning; and (4) Students have found it difficult to break their online study habits. The results of this study were expected to be taken into consideration for teachers in designing learning in the new normal period.
Terapia psychoseksualna w ujęciu interdyscyplinarnym. Studium przypadku: pacjentka z zaburzeniami lękowymi i nadmiernym napięciem mięśni dna miednicy
Authors: Rawińska Marta , Starzec-Proserpio Małgorzata
Published: February 2023

Cel Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie konceptualizacji psychoseksualnej i metod pracy terapeutycznej z pacjentką w ujęciu interdyscyplinarnym. Zastosowane narzędzia były oparte na technikach psychoterapii poznawczo-behawioralnej (cbt) oraz fizjoterapii uroginekologicznej.
Metoda Przedstawiono najważniejsze elementy wywiadu diagnostycznego oraz techniki pracy bazujące na podejściu CBT oraz fizjoterapii. Obszar pracy terapeutycznej koncentrował się wokół problematyki lęku, poczucia bezradności i złości. Na późniejszych etapach pracy wprowadzono tematykę seksuologiczną i fizjoterapię. Pacjentka pozostawała ponadto pod opieką innych specjalistów: psychiatry i endokrynologa.
WynikiPacjentce udało się osiągnąć część założonych wraz z terapeutą celów, a także zniwelować ból genitalno-miedniczy. Dodatkową korzyścią okazała się pełna diagnoza medyczna pacjentki i podjęcie przez nią leczenia w zakresie zaburzeń hormonalnych.
Konkluzje Praca w ujęciu interdyscyplinarnym z pacjentką przyniosła wymierne efekty. Taki rodzaj współdziałania wielu specjalistów w zakresie leczenia pacjentów zgłaszających trudności emocjonalne, psychiczne i seksualne daje najlepsze rezultaty. Wskazuje to na wartość pracy zespołowej i konieczność współpracy specjalistów różnych dziedzin.
Podsumowanie najważniejszych zmian w obrębie zaburzeń seksualnych i zdrowia seksualnego, które wprowadza najnowsza rewizja Międzynarodowej Statystycznej Klasyfikacji Chorób i Problemów Zdrowotnych ICD-11
Authors: Smaś-Myszczyszyn Magdalena , Ryziński Remigiusz
Published: February 2023

Cel
Celem publikacji jest przegląd zmian wprowadzonych przez najnowszą rewizję Międzynarodowej Statystycznej Klasyfikacji Chorób i Problemów Zdrowotnych w obrębie zdrowia seksualnego i porównanie ich do wcześniej obowiązującej ICD-10.
Metoda
W pracy dokonano przeglądu obu klasyfikacji i porównano je ze sobą, przedstawiono kryteria diagnostyczne najważniejszych zmian w obrębie dysfunkcji seksualnych, zaburzeń parafilnych, niezgodności płci, orientacji seksualnej oraz kompulsywnych zaburzeń seksualnych. Zmiany wprowadzone w ICD-11 zostały zaproponowane na podstawie postępów w badaniach i praktyce klinicznej oraz istotnych zmian w postawach społecznych oraz prawach człowieka. Niniejszy artykuł opisuje i porównuje główne zmiany, jakie zaszły w tym obszarze.
Wyniki
Rewolucyjną zmianą w ICD-11 jest depatologizacja i odmedykalizowanie tożsamości płciowej poprzez wprowadzenie terminu niezgodność płciowa i przegrupowanie jej z dotychczasowej kategorii zaburzeń osobowości i zachowania do nowo powstałej kategorii zdrowia seksualnego. ICD-11 używa również mniej opresyjnych i upodmiotowujących określeń, np. usunęło kategorię „Zaburzenia psychiczne i behawioralne związane z rozwojem seksualnym i orientacją”, uznając ją za przestarzałą i nieistotną klinicznie, oraz wprowadziło istotne zmiany w zaburzeniach parafilnych, wykluczając z nich normatywne, ale atypowe zachowania seksualne jak fetyszyzm, sadomasochizm, transwestytyzm fetyszystyczny, za to wprowadzając diagnozy ocieractwa oraz przymusowego sadyzmu seksualnego. W obszarze zaburzeń parafilnych stanowczo odróżnia się stany istotne dla zdrowia publicznego i znaczące klinicznie od tych, które jedynie odzwierciedlają prywatne atypowe zachowania seksualne. Ostatnia znacząca zmiana to wprowadzenie kategorii kompulsywnych zachowań seksualnych w grupie zaburzeń kontroli impulsów.
Wnioski
Światowa Organizacja Zdrowia wprowadziła daleko idące zmiany w obszarze rozumienia i diagnozy dysfunkcji seksualnych, łącząc jej składowe psychologiczne i fizjologiczne, tworząc model biopsychospołeczny zaburzeń seksualnych.
Psychoterapia w ujęciu psychodynamicznym. Przypadek kompulsywnej masturbacji u pacjenta z rysem osobowości obsesyjno-kompulsywnej
Authors: Kamasz Ewelina , Pilarska Natalia
Published: February 2023

Cel
Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie przypadku pacjenta cierpiącego z powodu rysu osobowości obsesyjno-kompulsywnej z towarzyszącą kompulsywną masturbacją oraz ukazanie metod pracy terapeutycznej z pacjentem w ujęciu psychodynamicznym.
Metoda
Przedstawiono najważniejsze elementy wywiadu diagnostycznego oraz metody pracy bazujące na podejściu psychodynamicznym. Obszar pracy psychoterapeutycznej koncentrował się wokół problematyki lęku i poczucia winy związanych z bliskością seksualną oraz kompulsywną masturbacją i konsumowaniem treści pornograficznych.
Wyniki
Pacjentowi udało się osiągnąć część założonych wraz z psychoterapeutką celów. W wyniku dotychczasowego postępowania terapeutycznego mężczyzna uzyskał lepszy wgląd w czynniki kształtującego jego funkcjonowanie i pożycie seksualne.
Konkluzje
Wczesnodziecięca sytuacja psychologiczna pacjenta miała istotne znaczenie dla rozwoju jego dziecięcej seksualności, co ostatecznie miało swoje odzwierciedlenie w konstrukcji jego osobowości i dysfunkcjach seksualnych, z jakimi mierzył się w dorosłym życiu.
Simulation of the Optimal Control of the Established Motion of the Oscillatory System in Random Excitation
Authors: Ivanchuk Yaroslav V. , Iskovych-Lototsky Rostislav D. , Zamkovyi Oleksandr D. , Pavlovych Roman I.
Published: February 2023

An approach to modeling the motion dynamics of an oscillatory system with external random excitation is proposed. This made it possible to determine the optimal control modes for the established movement of the system. In the oscillatory system under consideration, as an example of one of the types of vibration machine, random periodic force excitation is presented in the form of "white noise". Also, the motion of the system is described by stochastic differential equations. The periodic component of the excitation is represented as an expansion in terms of cosines. It is accepted that random and deterministic excitations have the same effect on the motion of the system. It is determined that in oscillatory systems excited by white noise, the value of the drift coefficients in the functional is formed only by averaging the deterministic components. This made it possible to write down the averaged dynamic programming equation and build a control synthesis. The used principle of dynamic programming determined the synthesis of control and the stochastic principle of maximum. This made it possible to build program management. The function of optimal control of the external application of the moment of forces to the suspension (executive body) is determined. This is necessary to stabilize the oscillatory system in case of random force excitation of the system as a whole. Based on the optimal control equation, special cases are considered, namely: parametric excitation includes only the first harmonic, and there is no parametric resonance; external force excitation does not contain the first harmonic, there is no external resonance; there are no external force random excitations. It is shown that for any admissible control with the help of the torque applied to the suspension, the process is reduced to diffusion. An optimal search is also performed on the trajectories (modes) of the limiting diffusion system.
A STATE OF PEACE IN EUROPE: West Germany and the CSCE, 1966-1975
Authors: Hakkarainen Petri
Published: February 2023

From the mid-1960s to the mid-1970s West German foreign policy underwent substantial transformations: from bilateral to multilateral, from reactive to proactive. The Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) was an ideal setting for this evolution, enabling the Federal Republic to take the lead early on in Western preparations for the conference and to play a decisive role in the actual East–West negotiations leading to the Helsinki Final Act of 1975. Based on extensive original research of recently released documents, spanning more than fifteen archives in eight countries, this study is a substantial contribution to scholarly discussions on the history of détente, the CSCE and West German foreign policy. The author stresses the importance of looking beyond the bipolarity of the Cold War decades and emphasizes the interconnectedness of European integration and European détente. He highlights the need to place the genesis of the CSCE conference in its historical context rather than looking at it through the prism of the events of 1989, and shows that the bilateral and multilateral elements (Ostpolitik and the CSCE) were parallel rather than successive phenomena, parts of the same complex process and in constant interaction with each other.
COMRADES IN ARMS: Military Masculinities in East German Culture
Authors: Smith Tom
Published: February 2023

Without question, the East German National People’s Army was a profoundly masculine institution that emphasized traditional ideals of stoicism, sacrifice, and physical courage. Nonetheless, as this innovative study demonstrates, depictions of the military in the film and literature of the GDR were far more nuanced and ambivalent. Departing from past studies that have found in such portrayals an unchanging, idealized masculinity, Comrades in Arms shows how cultural works both before and after reunification place violence, physical vulnerability, and military theatricality, as well as conscripts’ powerful emotions and desires, at the center of soldiers’ lives and the military institution itself.
PEPSI AND THE PILL: Motherhood, Politics and Film in Britain and France, 1958–1969
Authors: Oliver-Powell Melissa
Published: February 2023

The 1960s was a decade of massive political and cultural change in Western Europe, as seismic shifts took place in in attitudes towards sexuality, gender, and motherhood in everyday life. Through case studies of British and French films, Pepsi and the Pill offers a fresh vision of a pivotal moment in European culture, exploring the many ways in which political activity and celebrated film movements mutually shaped each other in their views on gender, sexuality, and domesticity. As the specter of popular nationalism once again looms across Europe, this book offers a timely account of the legacy of crucial debates over issues including reproductive rights, migration, and reproductive nationalism at the intersection of political discourse, protest, and film.
THE SERVANTS OF EMPIRE: Sponsored German Women’s Colonization in Southwest Africa, 1896-1945
Authors: O'Donnell K. Molly
Published: February 2023

Capturing the history of thousands of German women recruited to colonize Southwest Africa between the 1890s and 1940s, The Servants of Empire engages a radical nationalist history of German efforts to prevent interracial unions and establish permanent white settlement. As colonists, sponsored women often supported or even helped perpetrate extreme patterns of racist violence and vigilantism in Namibia, which linked them inextricably to marked atrocities such as the Herero and Nama Genocides. Navigating the intersections of German attitudes toward race, class, ethnicity, gender, and nation, this revealing study traces the German settler community’s gossip and rumors to uncover how the many poor white female settlers in Southwest Africa disrupted bourgeois race and gender relations and contributed to the trenchant sexual and racial violence in the territory.
THE ART OF FATE CALCULATION: Practicing Divination in Taipei, Beijing, and Kaifeng
Authors: Homola Stéphanie
Published: February 2023

From housewives to students and high-ranking officials, people from all social backgrounds in China and Taiwan visit fate calculation masters to learn about their destiny. How do clients assess the diviner’s skills? How does one become a fortune-teller? How is a person’s fate calculated? The Art of Fate Calculation explores how conceptions of fate circulate in Chinese and Taiwanese societies while resisting uniformization and institutionalization. This is not only due to the stigma of “superstition” but also to the internal dynamic of fate calculation practice and learning.
THE GUARDIANS OF CONCEPTS: Political Languages of Conservatism in Britain and West Germany, 1945-1980
Authors: Steber Martina
Published: February 2023

Since 1945, what ‘conservative’ means has troubled intellectuals, politicians and parties in the United Kingdom and West Germany. In Britain conservatism was an accepted term of the political vocabulary, denoting a particular tradition of political thought and practice. In West Germany, by contrast, conservatism was a difficult concept for the young democracy to swallow. It carried a heavy antiliberal and antidemocratic burden and led people to question whether there was a place for conservatism within democratic culture after all. The Guardians of Concepts scrutinizes the debates about conservatism in the UK and the Federal Republic of Germany from the late 1940s to the early 1980s. Informed by historical semantics, it conceives of conservatism as a flexible linguistic structure, and shows the importance of language for the self-understanding of many conservatives, who not by chance, have regarded themselves as the guardians of concepts. The intense national and transnational debates about the meaning of conservatism had far-reaching consequences and continue to influence politics today.
Understanding 21st Century Learning and Learners: Perspectives of Special Education Teachers
Authors: Manzoor Afaf , Hameed Abdul , Khan Waqas Ahmad
Published: February 2023

The role of the teacher can be a catalyst in enhancing and developing learning skills among students especially those with special needs. Punjab has one of the largest segregated special schools' systems in the country where more than 30000 children with disabilities are enrolled. However, the learning outcomes are not up to the standards. This study is quantitative in nature and explores the perspectives of special education teachers regarding their knowledge and competencies to understand and practice 21-century skills to teach learners with special needs. A survey method was used to collect data from 50 special education teachers working in public and private sector special schools in Punjab. Due to school closures, convenient sampling was used and data were collected via Google forms. The findings of the study revealed that teachers at special schools are practicing collaborative, communication, creativity and self-direction skills more than other 21st-century skills.
Observing Teachers Skills about the Assessment of Students: A Standard-based Teacher Evaluation
Authors: Iqbal Zafar , Haider Muhammad Hammad , Qamar Ahmad Waseem
Published: February 2023

The study's aim was to observe teachers' skills about the assessment of students on the basis of National Professional Standards for Teachers approved by the Government of Pakistan federal education Ministry (2009). These standards provide a mechanism for the evaluation of teachers. The sample of the study comprised of 256 teachers. An observational checklist was employed for observing the skills of teachers regarding different dimensions of the assessment of students. The study explored that the teachers were conducting all the phases of assessment e.g. developing test, marking of a test, documenting and reporting tests results, and to use tests results competently but deficiencies were observed regarding the process of administrating test. Based on the results, relevant pre-service and in- service training as well as certain remedial measures for teachers' education programs were suggested according to the mechanism of aforesaid standards so that the dream of quality teaching in the region may be fulfilled.
Career Counseling Practices: A Survey of Secondary Schools of Kotli Azad Jammu and Kashmir
Authors: Shah Nazir Haider , Kausar Robina , Shaheen Abdul Khaliq
Published: February 2023

The current study was quantitative in nature and descriptive method was used for conducting the research. In descriptive method a survey technique was used to collect the data. The population of the study was 1016 female teachers working in all the secondary school of Tehsil Kotli. 235 teachers were selected as a sample of the study. A five-point likert scale questionnaire developed for teachers. 0.79 reliability was found which was acceptable for conducting the final survey. The researcher personally visited the selected secondary schools and collected the data. Data were analyzed by using percentage, frequency, mean and independent sample t-test. It was found that there was no mean difference found in urban and rural teachers regarding individual counseling, group counseling, telephonic counselling, face to face counselling and handbooks and manuals counselling practices. It is recommended that teachers may support students one-on-one with personal issues, career decisions, behavior formation, and motivation.
Globalization in the Educational Culture of Punjab Public Secondary Schools
Authors: Akmal Farhana , Shahid Choudhry , Ahmed Ishfaque
Published: February 2023

The review-based study puts light on globalization in an educational culture like the effect of contemporary global educational culture, the technical effect, and the effect of the corrosion of values in Punjab Public Secondary Schools. This paper also analyzed the support and development of globalization to provide public secondary school education. In addition, the research discussed the opportunities and challenges of globalization in educational culture. The results of the study showed that Pakistanis educational culture at the secondary schools level has become hybrid due to dominant countries' styles adopted by our educational system while taking benefits from the western school system within the dimension of its ideology, moreover, cultural factors are affecting the values and norms as well as the education. The research will be helpful for policymakers, parents and other stakeholders, and heads of public secondary school education.
Dread, Death, Dasein: An Existential Study of The Fault in our Stars by John Green
Authors: Khan Wisal Ahmad , Riaz Sana , Aryan Ayaz Ahmad
Published: February 2023

This particular study aims to interpret and analyze The Fault in our Stars by John Green, to find out certain existential elements like Dasein, Dread and Death. “Dasein” as Joseph Childers (1995) mentions that “Dasein for Heidegger is a way of being involved with and caring for the immediate world in which one lives”, (p 70), “Dread” which for Kierkegaard that anxiety is a way for humanity to be saved as well, and “Death” as mentioned by Jrank “For Sartre at the point of death the person does not have a past, as he or she is now dead and cannot continue to write in the log of the present, rather, a person then becomes his or her past. While conducting this particular study a qualitative textual analysis technique has been used as method.
Diagnostic Dilemma of Central Nervous System Tuberculosis with Neurocysticercosis and Neurosarcoidosis: A Case Report
Authors: Bajracharya Nikesh , Lamichhane Saral , Lamichhane Prakriti , Bishowkarma Dirishya , Acharya Ashirbad , Sharma Shanti , Pandit Prajwal
Published: February 2023

Multiple ring-enhancing lesions are commonly encountered abnormalities in neuroimaging. There are many differentials for such lesions as infections, neoplasms, vascular lesions, inflammatory and demyelinating conditions, and granulomatous diseases. In developing countries, tuberculoma and neurocysticercosis are the two important etiologies to be considered. This case report illustrates how multiple ring-enhancing lesions can lead to our management in one direction while the true diagnosis remains elusive. A 53-year-old male who presented with a headache was initially diagnosed and treated as neurocysticercosis, then neurosarcoidosis ultimately turned out to be a case of Central Nervous System Tuberculosis on further evaluation. Consideration of only clinical scenarios and neurological imaging can lead to diagnostic inaccuracy, mismanagement and poor outcome, therefore, other supporting lab investigations should be considered for making a correct diagnosis.
PENYULUHAN PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN KEAMANAN PENGGUNAAN OBAT PADA IBU MENYUSUI DI DESA PENGENGAT LOMBOK TENGAH
Authors: Pradiningsih Anna , Nopitasari Baiq Leny , Qiyaam Nurul , Wardani Alvi Kusuma , Hendriyani Irmatika , Rahmawati Cyntiya , Anjani Baiq Lenysia Pupita , Safwan Safwan
Published: February 2023

ABSTRAKTingkat pengetahuan tentang keamanan penggunaan obat pada ibu menyusui masih kurang. Hal ini digambarkan oleh pola penggunaan obat saat menyusui di Desa Pengengat Kecamatan Pujut, Kabupaten Lombok Tengah. Pada saat seorang ibu memberikan ASI eksklusif pada bayi, seorang ibu dapat mengalami berbagai gangguan Kesehatan. Pada beberapa kasus gangguan Kesehatan, gejala yang timbul hanya dapaat dikurangi atau dihilangkan dengan penggunaan obat. Sebagian besar obat yang dikonsumsi oleh ibu menyusui akan terdeteksi dalam ASI dengan jumlah yang variative. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatan pengetahuan keamanan penggunaan obat pada ibu menyusui di Desa Pengengat Lombok Tengah. Kegiatan dilakukan dengan memberikan edukasi melalui media leaflet pada target sasaran yang telah ditentukan. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan pada Hari Selasa, 28 Juni 2022. Peserta yang hadir berjumlah 22 orang ibu menyusui yang sedang berpartisipasi dalam kegiatan posyandu. Pihak desa secara langsung melakukan instruksi kepada Bidan Desa agar dapat mengkoordinasikan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dalam agenda Posyandu Desa. Penyuluhan tentang Peningkatan Pengetahuan Keamanan Penggunaan Obat Pada Ibu Menyusui Di Desa Pengengat Lombok Tengah. Pihak  desa memfasilitasi kegiatan ini dengan mensosialisasikan kegiatan ini kepada ibu menyusui setelah kegiatan posyandu. Kata kunci: keamanan; obat; ibu menyusui ABSTRACTThe level of knowledge about the safety of drug use in nursing mothers is still lacking. This is illustrated by the pattern of drug use during breastfeeding in Pengengat Village, Pujut District, Central Lombok Regency. When a mother gives exclusive breastfeeding to the baby, a mother can experience various health disorders. In some cases of health disorders, the symptoms that arise can only be reduced or eliminated by the use of drugs. Most of the drugs taken by nursing mothers will be detected in breast milk with varying amounts. This community service activity aims to increase knowledge of the safety of drug use in breastfeeding mothers in Pengengat Village, Central Lombok. Activities are carried out by providing education through leaflet media on predetermined targets. This activity was held on Tuesday, June 28, 2022. The participants who attended were 22 breastfeeding mothers who were participating in posyandu activities. The village directly instructs the Village Midwife to be able to coordinate this community service activity in the village posyandu agenda. Counseling on Increasing Knowledge on the Safety of Drug Use in Breastfeeding Mothers in Pengengat Village, Central Lombok. The village facilitates this activity by socializing this activity with breastfeeding mothers after posyandu activities. Keywords: safety; medicine; nursing mothers
EDUKASI STOP BABS (BUANG AIR BESAR SEMBARANGAN) DAN CTPS (CUCI TANGAN PAKAI SABUN)
Authors: Ningsih Nining Ade , Rifai Muhammad , Tahir Kasmawati , Syarifuddin Surya
Published: February 2023

ABSTRAKSTOP BABS (Stop Buang Air Besar Sembarangan) dan  CTPS (Cuci Tangan Pakai Sabun) merupakan bagian dari 5 pilar STBM. Buang air besar sembarangan merupakan ancaman serius bagi kesehatan dan martabat sanitasi.  Mencuci tangan dapat menghindarkan dari penyakit menular dan sekitar 80% dari seluruh kasus penyakit menular juga dapat ditularkan melalui sentuhan tangan. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat terkait STBM khususnya STOP BABS dan membiasakan masyarakat untuk CTPS. Metode pelaksanaan adalah pembagian kuesioner pre- dan post-test, penyuluhan dengan media poster, praktik melalui games puzzle, serta evaluasi kegiatan dengan menggunakan uji t Berpasangan. Masyarakat yang mengikuti kegiatan ini sebanyak 30 orang. Hasil pelaksanaan kegiatan ini adalah terdapat perbedaan pengetahuan yang siginifikan sebelum dan sesudah diberikan penyuluhan dan praktik tentang STOP BABS dan CTPS, p=0,000<0,05. Kesimpulan dari kegiatan ini adalah tujuan tercapai dengan meningkatnya pemahaman masyarakat tentang konsep STBM khususnya STOP BABS dan CTPS. Diharapkan kegiatan ini dapat pula  berdampak positif pada perilaku masyarakat. Kata kunci: edukasi; STOP BABS; CTPS. ABSTRACTSTOP BABS (Stop Open Defecation) and CTPS (Wash Hands with Soap) are part of the 5 pillars of STBM. Defecation is a serious threat to health and sanitation. Hand washing can prevent infection diseases about 80% of all cases of infectious disease can also be transmitted through the touch of the hands. The purpose of this activity is to increase public knowledge related to STBM, especially STOP open defecation and prepare the community to washing hands with soap. The method of implementation is the distribution of pre- and post- test questionnaires; counceling with media posters, practice through puzzle games, and evaluation of activities using Paired t-test. There were 30 people who participated in this activity. The result of this activity is that there is a significant difference in knowledge before and after being given counseling and practice about STOP BABS and CTPS, p=0,000<0,05. The conclusion of this activity is that the goal is achieved by increasing public understanding of the concept of STBM, especially STOP BABS and CTPS. It is hoped that this activity can also have a positive impact on community behavior. Keywords: education; STOP BABS; CTPS.
PKM PENGEMBANGAN PRODUK MAKANAN OLAHAN BAHAN BAKU KEDELAI PADA IRT BIDO JAYA KABUPATEN MALANG MELALUI IMPLEMENTASI TEKNOLOGI PRODUKSI TEPAT GUNA
Authors: Setiyowati Supami Wahyu , Gultom Andri Fransiskus , Asna Asna , Dwanoko Yoyok Seby
Published: February 2023

ABSTRAKPermasalahan yang dimiliki oleh IRT Bido Jaya adalah kurangnya efisiensi dalam produksi karena keterbatasan produk, tampilan kemasan yang kurang sesuai standar industri makanan, manajemen usaha yang buruk karena tidak pernah melakukan riset pasar terhadap produk dan potensi produk, manajerial keuangan yang hanya berdasar kekeluargaan, menggunakan peralatan produksi yang manual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan solusi pengadaan alat produksi tepat guna, meningkatkan kualitas pengemasan dan manajemen usaha. Metode pelaksanaan yaitu pembelian alat dan pendampingan, workshop pendampingan dan simulasi, serta workshop dan pendampingan. Hasil dari penelitian ini berupa evaluasi tim Unikama yang didapatkan selama melakukan program kemitraan masyarakat (PKM) dapat membantu para IRT untuk bangkit kembali pasca covid dan memajukan usaha IRT di Indonesia. Saran yang disampaikan penulis bahwa perlu pendampingan dalam menggunakan aplikasi untuk media pemasaran terkait postingan foto produk dan video yang menarik minat pelanggan terutama bagi IRT yang awam terhadap penggunaan teknologi. Selain itu, perlu adanya paparan tentang strategi yang sangat matang dalam bisnis untuk mengantisipasi adanya hal yang tidak diinginkan. Kata kunci: IRT (bido jaya); teknologi produksi tepat guna; manajemen usaha; riset pasar; digital marketing ABSTRACTThe problems that IRT Bido Jaya has are the lack of efficiency in production due to limited products, the appearance of packaging that does not match industrial food standards, poor business management because it has never conducted market research on products and product potential, financial management which is only based on kinship, using equipment manual production equipment. This research aims to provide solutions for procurement of appropriate production equipment, improve the quality of packaging and business management. The method of implementation is the purchase of tools and assistance, mentoring and simulation workshops, as well as workshops and mentoring. The results of this study are in the form of an evaluation by the Unikama team obtained during the community partnership program (PKM) that can help IRTs to bounce back post-covid and advance IRT businesses in Indonesia. The suggestion conveyed by the author is that assistance is needed in using applications for media marketing related to posting product photos and videos that attract customer interest, especially for IRT who are unfamiliar with the use of technology. In addition, there needs to be an explanation of a very mature strategy in business to anticipate unwanted things. Keywords: IRT (bido jaya); appropriate production technology; business management; market research; digital marketing