bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of listening to music on surgical fear and anxiety before cardiac surgery: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Dursun Ayten , AKSU Çiğdem
Published: January 2024

Purpose: Listening to music has been used as an intervention during the
treatment and the rehabilitation processes. Cardiac surgery is a
stressful and fearful for most of the patients. This randomized and
controlled trial has assessed the effect of listening to music on the
level of surgical fear and anxiety of the patients, who had undergone a
cardiac surgery. Methods: This randomized controlled trial consisted of
50 patients in the intervention group and 50 patients in the control
group. Two days before the surgery, the intervention group listened to
music for about 45 minutes each day (45 min on average). The control
group received no music intervention. Patients’ anxiety and surgical
fear were measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and Surgical
Fear Scale. Results: It was found that the fear and anxiety levels of
the experimental patients who listened to music were lower than the
control group, and the difference between the mean anxiety and surgical
fear scores before cardiac surgery were statistically significant
between the intervention group and control group. Conclusions: It is
possible to implement a music listening program in the perioperative
time and is well accepted by patients as evidenced by the low
anxiety-surgical fear scores. Listening to music as an intervention for
patients, who undergone cardiac surgery was feasible. Intervention was
highly effective in reducing anxiety and surgical fear levels.
Atrial Flutter Masquerading as ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction in a Patient with Dextrocardia
Authors: Carter Cody , Ahmed Asim , Stelzer Mitchell , Shah Ankur
Published: January 2024

ECG findings suggestive of STEMI often lead to emergent left heart
catheterization (LHC). Occasionally, non-coronary conditions mimic ECG
findings of STEMI resulting in increased risk and expenses from emergent
transportation and procedures. While the overall incidence is declining
over the last decade given advances in guideline directed medical
therapy, this still accounts for a substantial amount of ED visits. We
report a case of 1:1 atrial flutter in a patient with dextrocardia
presenting as STEMI.
Effects of temperature and humidity on infection process of Botrytis cinerea and host response in tomato
Authors: Li Tianzhu , Zhou Jie , Yuan Zenan , Ma Lele , Li Jianming
Published: January 2024

Currently, the control strategies of Botrytis cinerea mainly include
chemical and biological methods, leading to environmental pollution and
other problems. Ecological control involves suppressing the disease by
regulating the facility environment. However, the infection process and
the response mechanism of plants under different temperatures and
humidity remain unclear. This study measured four cell wall–degrading
enzymes, used light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and
transmission electron microscopy to explore the impacts of temperature
and humidity on the physiological and structural changes of the
infection process and host response, and studied their interaction by
correlation analysis. We observed that B. cinerea could cause infection
due to undifferentiated hyphae under low humidity. The most severe
infection was under the medium temperature and high humidity (MH)
treatment, wherein the hyphae released cell wall–degrading enzymes to
penetrate the host cells. Under high temperature, the mycelia grew
without pathogenicity, while under low temperature, the gley time of the
infection increased due to low-temperature stress. Additionally, we
found that the structure of the infected host cells under different
temperatures and humidity changed differently, including cell wall
thickening, plasma membrane degradation, chloroplast disorganization,
and starch granule anomalies. We also found that different temperatures
and humidity had specific effects
Growth Hormone deficiency and Idiopathic short stature. Efficacy after growth hormone treatment up to adult height
Authors: Jimenez Ana Belen Ariza , Gea Isabel Leiva , Ollero Maria Jose Martinez-Aedo , Lopez-Siguero Juan Pedro
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Diagnostic tests for growth hormone (GH) deficiency, have
low specificity, so, it could suppose different results in treatment,
because of false positives. Objectives: To evaluate the growth of
children with isolated GH deficiency treated with GH in comparison with
children with idiopathic short stature treated or not treated. Methods:
Ambispective descriptive study of patients under 14 years old treated in
our department in the last 14 years for isolated GH deficiency (Group
A), in comparison with those diagnosed with idiopathic short stature
treated (Group B) and not treated with GH (Group C). Results: 67 male
patients were studied in Group A, who showed a gain of total height of
1.24 SD, which was 0.27SD lower than target height. Group B had 30 boys,
who showed a gain of height of 1.47SD. There was an improve in final
height according to target height of 0.29 SD. 42 boys were studied in
Group C. These boys showed an improvement of 0.37 SD from initial
height, although they did not reach target height (difference of 0.59
SD). Finally, both treated groups (A and B) showed average final heights
(-1.52SD and -1.31SD), while Group C showed shorter final height
(-2.03SD). Conclusions: Final height of isolated GH deficiency is
similar to those patients with idiopathic short stature treated, without
any statistical difference, while both treated groups, were taller than
idiopathic short stature non treated.
The evaluation of second line drug susceptibilities and molecular epidemiological profiles of multidrug resistance Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isoleted from different region of Turkey
Authors: TARHAN Gulnur , Cesur Salih , CEYHAN İsmail , DURMAZ Rıza
Published: January 2024

Aim of the study This study was planned to determine the second
generation drug resistance and molecular epidemiological profile of
multidrug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated from
different geographical regions of Turkey. Methods In our study, 63 MDR
M. tuberculosis isolates were evaluated for the drug susceptibility sent
from different tuberculosis laboratories of Turkey. Secondary
antituberculosis drugs resistance was evaluated by indirect proportion
method. Epidemiological origins were evaluated by using IS6110-RFLP and
spoligotyping methods. Results Cycloserine, ethionamide, capreomycin,
thiacetozone, ofloxacin, kanamsin and paraaminosalicylic acid resistance
rates were 15.87%, 19.04%, 7.93%, 6.34%, 11.11%, 12.69% and
6.34.%, respectively. According to spoligotyping results, 11 different
patterns were obtained, including 52 isolates consisting of 5 clusters
and 11 patterns consisting of a single isolate. When we compared our
results with the spoligotype database in the world; 42 of 52 isolates
forming 5 clusters were identified as predefined spoligotypes (LAM7-TUR,
LAM9, T clade). 10 isolates showed the characteristics of the U
spoligotype family. Of the 11 isolates that produced 11 different
patterns, 8 were Haarlem and T spoligotypes. It was found that 2
isolates had the characteristics of Orphan and 1 isolate had the
characteristics of BOV family. Conclusison In our study, spoligotype
families that are common in our country and in the world were
determined.
Chronic Constrictive Pericarditis Presenting as Ascites in a Young Male
Authors: Hasnie Ammar , Miller Neal , Davies James , Mering Gregory Von
Published: January 2024

Constrictive pericarditis is an uncommon cause of right-sided heart
failure. We present a case of idiopathic constrictive pericarditis
presumably following a viral episode of acute pericarditis several
months prior to the patient’s presentation. This case highlights the
necessity for a high clinical index of suspicion. Importantly, a series
of imaging modalities were required to confirm the diagnosis and lead to
a successful surgical intervention.
Chronic active EBV infection with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and progression to aggressive NK cell leukemia
Authors: Gao Li-min , Li Hui-fang , Zhao Sha , zhang wen , LI Qiang , Chen Zi-hang , souza Veylenta Audry De , Biju Bincy Ann , LIU WEIPING
Published: January 2024

Background：The clinical trend of EBV infected patients has been always
the focus of attention. Case presentation： We report a rare case of
chronic active EBV infection (CAEBV) with hemophagocytic
lymphohistiocytosis progressed to childhood aggressive NK cell leukemia
and cured by allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Conclusions: The EBV infection of T/NK cells can lead to CAEBV, and if
the T/NK cells carry HLH related gene mutation, it is easy to accompany
with the hemophagocytic syndrome, and this type of CAEBV may rapidly
progress to ANKL or other neoplastic diseases. Therefore, we should
reinforce the knowledge on this kind of patients to receive appropriate
and timely treatment.
Treatment of Plasma activated water enhances germination, plant growth, and net productivity in pea seeds
Authors: RATHORE VIKAS , Tiwari Budhi , Nema Sudhir
Published: January 2024

The present study has been carried to investigate the interaction and
effect of plasma activated water (PAW) on pea seeds. PAW is produced
with the interaction of air plasma with water that forms reactive
oxygen-nitrogen species in it. Our results with surface morphological
study shows that PAW treatment removes the wax from the surface of peas
and modifies their hydrophobic surface to hydrophilic. Wettability study
shows decrease in water contact angle with seed surface after PAW
treatment. Also, PAW treatment improves germination rate, viability
index and mean germination time compared to control. Further, the study
reveals that the grown plants have higher roots and shoots length, fresh
and dry weight, increased chlorophyll ‘a’ and higher sugar and protein
concentration compared to control. Although electrolytic and phenolic
leakage from pea leaves did not show any significant difference in PAW
and control-treated seeds, results obtained from antioxidant analysis
clearly show an increased antioxidant enzymatic (SOD, CAT, APX, and POD)
activity mainly in the roots in seedlings grown from seeds treated with
PAW. However, no significant difference in H2O2 concentration in the pea
plant was observed. Hence, our study indicates potential role of seed
pre-treatment with PAW to improve germination and plant growth.
Expression of CD127 on T regulatory cells in psoriasis
Authors: Tarafder Shirin , Sultana Sabia
Published: January 2024

Background: Psoriasis is a relapsing chronic inflammatory skin disease
where Treg cells appeared to be impaired.
CD4CD25FoxP3Treg
cells play vital role in immune tolerance. Upon peripheral activation
its functional capacity can be altered. Transcription factor Foxp3 is
the accepted marker of Treg cell, but it cannot be used to isolate cells
for functional studies. Among different functional markers, CD127
(IL-7Rα) a surface marker of activated T cell can be used to see the
functional status of
CD4CD25FoxP3Treg
cells. Aim: The aim of the study was to provide an overview of the
immune phenotype of Treg cells in peripheral blood of psoriasis patient
with respect to healthy control, and to analyze their association with
disease severity and duration. Materials and methods: This
cross-sectional study comprising 35 psoriasis patients and 35 healthy
controls. Demographical details were recorded, and severity was assessed
by Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) scoring. Peripheral blood
mononuclear cells were separated by Ficoll-Hypaque density
centrifugation and circulating Treg cells were quantified by
flowcytometric immunophenotyping. Results: Increased circulatory
CD4CD25FoxP3Treg
and
CD4CD25FoxP3CD127/pTreg
and decreased
CD4CD25FoxP3CD127/tTreg
cells were seen in psoriasis patients.
CD4CD25FoxP3
cells increased only with disease severity whereas
CD4CD25FoxP3CD127/tTreg
tends to increase with both disease severity and duration. Conclusion:
These findings suggest that accumulation of peripherally activated
dysfunctional regulatory cells contribute to pathology of psoriasis,
which in turn supports the autoimmune model of disease pathogenesis. It
will not only help to evaluate patients’ status more preciously but also
pave novel ways for immune therapy.
Multi-omics analysis defines 5-fluorouracil drug resistance in 3D HeLa carcinoma cell model
Authors: Wang Lin , Wang Xueting , Wang Tong , Zhuang Yingping , Wang Guan
Published: January 2024

In this study, we formulate a rapid, scalable and reproducible in vitro
model of 3D MTS for drug screening purposes, and the cytotoxicity
results showed an enhanced 5-FU resistance of HeLa carcinoma cells in 3D
MTSs than 2D monolayer culture.In order to reveal the molecular
mechanisms that drive 5-FU resistance in 3D HeLa carcinoma cells, a
multi-omics study was applied to discover hidden biological
regularities. We found that in the 3D MTSs mitochondrial
function-related proteins and the metabolites of the tricarboxylic acid
cycle were significantly decreased, and the cellular metabolism was
shifted towards glycolysis. The differences in the protein synthesis,
processing, and transportation between 2D monolayer cultures and 3D MTSs
was significant, mainly in the heat shock protein family, with the
upregulation of protein folding function in endoplasmic reticulum, which
promoted the maintenance of ER homeostasis in the 3D MTSs. In addition,
at the transcript and protein level, the expression of extracellular
matrix proteins (e.g., laminin and collagen) were up-regulated in the 3D
MTSs, which enhanced the physical barrier of drug penetration.
Refractory mycoplasma pneumonia in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis of laboratory features and predictors
Authors: Huang Wanjie , Cheng Qi
Published: January 2024

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of CRP, LDH, ESR,
D-Dimer, Neutrophils (%), Lymphocytes (%) and lung consolidation in
refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (RMPP), and explore their
prediction results for RMPP. Methods：Systematic search was conducted in
PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, Wangfang and
Cqvip, and the date was set until February 23, 2021. For the continuous
variables, Weighted Mean Difference (WMD) with 95% CI or Standard Mean
Difference (SMD) with 95% CI was adopted to evaluate CRP, LDH, ESR,
D-Dimer, Neutrophils (%), Lymphocytes (%) and the correlation between
lung consolidation and RMPP. Results: 20 studies including 5289 patients
were included in the analysis, and the results showed: the CRP of the
RMPP group [WMD (95%CI): 17.529 (10.514, 24.544), P＜0.001], LDH
[WMD (95%CI): 114.884 (51.435, 178.333), P＜0.001], Neutrophils
(%) [WMD (95%CI): 17.271 (0.309, 14.233), P=0.041], Neutrophils
(×109/L) [WMD (95%CI): 1.249 (0.307, 2.191), P=0.009] was higher
than that of the NRMPP group; the risk of lung consolidation in the RMPP
group [OR(95%CI): 14.286 (4.523, 45.120), P＜0.001] was higher than
that in the NRMPP group; and there was no difference in ESR [WMD
(95%CI): 8.111 (-1.339, 17.562), P=0.093], D-Dimer [SMD (95%CI):
0.920 (-0.247, 2.086) p=0.122], Lymphocytes (%) WMD (95%CI): -6.379
(-13.922, 1.163), P=0.097] between the two groups. Conclusions: The
available evidence indicates that CRP, LDH, Neutrophils (%),
Neutrophils (×109/L) and lung consolidation are risk factors for RMPP.
NFκB mediates the anti-inflammatory actions of liraglutide and sitagliptin in experimentally model of colitis in mice
Authors: Azmy Omnia , Ishak Magdy , El-Gawhary Nawal , Mostafa Wael
Published: January 2024

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a serious illness that negatively
affects the human health due to its chronic course and serious
complications. Glucagon like peptide (GLP-1) and its degradation enzyme
inhibitor; dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-IV inhibitor, are used primarily
as anti-diabetic drugs in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
However, current evidence suggests that both; GLP-1 (e.g. liraglutide)
and the DPP-IV inhibitor (e.g. sitagliptin) may have a potential
anti-inflammatory effect on various organ systems. This study was aimed
to evaluate the potential of liraglutide and sitagliptin to improve
colitis induced experimentally in mice using intra-rectal acetic acid,
in comparison with sulfasalazine. Intra-rectal acetic acid was used to
induce colitis in mice. The degree of inflammation was assessed using
disease activity index, histopathological scoring, colonic length
measurement as well as the colonic tissue expression of: the
transcription factor; nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB), tumor necrosis
factor alpha (TNFα), the oxidative stress marker; malondialdehyde and
the inflammatory parameter; C-reactive protein. Moreover, random blood
glucose was measured to ensure the safety of the tested drugs. Our
results showed the positive impact of both liraglutide and sitagliptin
on the assessed inflammatory parameters and their tolerability compared
with sulfasalazine. Further clinical studies are needed to investigate
the possibility to consider GLP axis as therapeutic adjuvants for IBD in
the future.
A REVIEW ON THE NOVEL CORONA VIRUS WITH INTERNATIONAL AND INDIAN PERSPECTIVE
Authors: P, Gayatri Suresh K , Ahmed Thabit , saeed mohamed mohammed , Daivamthadathil Jereish Varghese , Jayan Anandu , Samuel Jerin Reji
Published: January 2024

On 31 December 2019, pneumonia of unknown cause was detected in Wuhan,
China, and was first reported to the WHO Country Office in China. On 30
January 2020, the outbreak was declared a Public Health Emergency of
International Concern. (1) It was an outbreak of severe acute
respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection that occurred
in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China and got spread across China and beyond.
WHO officially named the disease - Corona virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
on February 12, 2020. (2) It has been spreading worldwide for a period
of atleast a year & half (3) This review article addresses the current
scenario caused by the SARS- Co V along with the treatment protocols and
ongoing vaccines.
CARDIAC BIOMARKERS AND MORTALITY IN COVID-19 INFECTION: A REVIEW
Authors: Cersosimo Angelica , Cimino Giuliana , Pascariello Greta , amore ludovica , alghisi fabio , Pancaldi Edoardo , Bernardi Nicola , Inciardi Riccardo , vizzardi enrico , lombardi carlo mario , metra marco
Published: January 2024

Lots of meta-analysis emphasize that a great number of hospitalized
patients with moderate and severe forms of COVID-19 developed acute
myocardial damage, defined as an increase of cardiac biomarkers, such
N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP), creatine
kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB) and of all type of troponins. The highest
mortality rate is related with progressively increasing biomarkers
levels and with a history of cardiovascular disease. In fact, the
biomarkers dosage should be considered as a prognostic marker in all
patients with COVID-19 disease at admission, during hospitalization and
in the case of clinical deterioration. The purpose of this review is to
evaluate cardiovascular prognostic factors in COVID-19 disease
throughout the analysis of cardiac biomarkers to early identify the most
serious patients and to optimize their outcomes.
Efficacy and safety of nitazoxanide in treating SARS-CoV-2 infection. A rapid and living systematic review and meta-analysis of blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trials.
Authors: Martins-Filho Paulo , Nascimento-Júnior Edmundo Marques , Barreto-Alves José Antônio , Fakhouri Ricardo , Ferreira Lis
Published: January 2024

Introduction Nitazoxanide is a broad-spectrum antiparasitic that has
been tested for COVID-19 due to the anti-inflammatory effects and in
vitro anti-viral activity and promising clinical benefits against
influenza and other viruses. The aim of this study was to synthesize the
best evidence on the efficacy and safety of nitazoxanide as treatment
for patients with COVID-19. Methods Searches for studies were performed
in peer-reviewed and gray literature. The following elements were used
to define eligibility criteria: (1) Population, individuals with
laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection; (2) Intervention,
nitazoxanide; (3) Comparison, placebo; (4) Outcomes: positive RT-PCR
status, composite measure of disease progression (severe COVID-19, ICU
admission or invasive mechanical ventilation), death, serum biomarkers
of inflammation (C-reactive protein, IL-6, and IL-8), and any adverse
events; (5) Study type: blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical
trials (RCT). Treatment effects were reported as relative risk (RR) and
mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results Four
blinded, placebo-controlled RCT were included in the meta-analysis and
enrolled individuals with mild or moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection. We
found no difference between nitazoxanide and placebo in the frequency of
positive RTP-PCR results (RR = 0.83; 95% CI 0.58 to 1.17) and there was
no decreased risk for disease progression (severe COVID-19, ICU
admission or invasive mechanical ventilation) (RR = 0.40; 95% CI 0.08
to 2.13) and deaths (RR = 0.55; 95% CI 0.18 to 1.68) among patients
receiving nitazoxanide. There were no differences for patients treated
with nitazoxanide and placebo in the levels of inflammatory markers.
Conclusions In this study, we found no current evidence from blinded,
placebo-controlled, RCT on the efficacy of nitazoxanide in treating
patients with COVID-19. This living systematic review should be updated
as soon as the results of ongoing RCT are published.
COVID-19 symptoms are attenuated in atopic dermatitis patients treated with dupilumab Short running title: Reduced COVID-19 symptoms in dupilumab-treated AD
Authors: Ungar Benjamin , Glickman Jacob W. , Golant Alexandra , Dubin Celina , Marushchak Olga , Gontzes Alyssa , Mikhaylov Daniela , Singer Giselle , Baum Danielle , Wei Nancy , Gruenstein Diana , Lebwohl Mark , Pavel Ana Brandusa , Guttman-Yassky Emma
Published: January 2024

Background: In the SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 pandemic, we need to
understand the impact of immunomodulatory medications on COVID-19
symptom severity in patients with inflammatory diseases, including the
Type 2/Th2 polarized skin disease, atopic dermatitis/AD. Since it is
believed that Type 1/Th1immunity controls viral infections, and that
there is a Th1/Th2 counter-regulation, we hypothesized that Th2
targeting with the IL-4Rα-antagonist, dupilumab, in patients with
moderate-to-severe AD rebalances Th1/Th2 axis, potentially leading to
attenuated COVID-19 symptoms. Methods: 1,237 moderate-to-severe
AD patients in the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Department of
Dermatology were enrolled in a registry. Patients were screened for
COVID-19-related symptoms and assigned a severity score
(asymptomatic[0]-fatal[5]). Scores were compared among 3
treatment groups: dupilumab (n=632), other systemic treatments (n=107),
and limited/no treatment (n=498). Demographic and comorbid covariates
were adjusted by multivariate logistic regression models.
Results: The dupilumab-treated group showed reduced incidence
and severity of COVID-19 symptoms versus other treatment groups.
Dupilumab-treated patients were less likely to experience
moderate-to-severe symptoms versus patients on other systemics (p=0.01)
and on limited/no treatment (p=0.04), and less likely to experience any
symptoms versus patients on other systemics (p=0.01). This effect was
seen in our entire cohort and in the subgroup of patients with verified
COVID-19 or high-risk exposure. Conclusions: Patients on
dupilumab experienced less severe COVID-19 manifestations and lesser
symptoms compared to patients on other systemics and on limited/no
treatment. These results suggest that Th2 modulation with dupilumab may
have a protective effect on anti-viral immune response in AD patients.
THE METAEVALUATION OF A FACULTY OF MEDICINE UNDERGRADUATE MEDICAL EDUCATION PROGRAM
Authors: Gayef Albena , Ilgaz Gökhan , Karlıkaya Celal
Published: January 2024

Metaevaluation is a systematic review of an evaluation for the purpose
of determining the quality of the processes and findings of the
evaluation. This research aims to make use of a metaevaluation process
to assess and identify strengths and potential weaknesses associated
with the Faculty of Medicine Curriculum Evaluation. Stufflebeams1
Program Evaluations Metaevaluation Checklist was used in the study. The
Checklist consist of the attributes which are utility, feasibility,
propriety, accuracy and evaluation accountability. A total of 30
standards quality distributions were determined as excellent (10%),
very good (20%), good (23.33%), fair (36.67%), and poor (10%). The
results were also analyzed in terms of attributes and utility,
feasibility and accuracy standards are at a “good “level, but that the
propriety and evaluation accountability are not at a sufficient level.
Evaluation accountability is at very low level, which is poor. It can be
said that the percentage of ratings of the standards rated as “good”
and above was 53.33%. In medical education, education programs should
be evaluated effectively and continuously as well as systematically. The
overall findings in the metaevaluation of the undergraduate medical
education program showed that the evaluation is successful in many ways.
Key Words: Metaevaluation, Faculty, Medicine, Undergraduate, Medical
Education
Evaluation of the postoperative analgesic efficiency of the transversus abdominis plan block and the caudal epidural block ın children after circumcision: a prospective observational study
Authors: MUTLU MEHMET , turkmen seray , Guven Bulent Barıs
Published: January 2024

Background: Circumcision is one of the most common operations and it
causes serious postoperative pain, fear, and anxiety for children. This
study aims to compare the effects of transversus abdominis plane (TAP)
block and caudal epidural (CE) anesthesia on postoperative analgesia
after circumcision in providing postoperative pain control. Methods:
Eighty male children who underwent elective circumcision surgery under
general anesthesia either with USG-guided TAP block or with CE block for
postoperative analgesia were enrolled consecutively to this prospective
observational study equally in each group. Postoperative pain scores and
need for rescue analgesia were recorded and compared between the two
groups. Results: There was no statistically significant difference
between the groups in terms of mean age and Aldrete scores (p
> 0.05). The BMI values of the caudal block group were
found to be statistically significantly lower than the TAP group (p
< 0.05). While there was no statistically significant
difference between the groups in terms of 30th-minute VAS values
(p> 0.05), but the CE block group’s 1st, 2nd, 4th 8th,
12th, 18th, and 24th hours VAS values were statistically significantly
lower than the TAP block group (p <0.05). Conclusion: In this
study, our data analysis showed us that; the USG-guided TAB block under
general anesthesia is not associated with lower postoperative pain
scores and delayed rescue analgesia need than the CE block in patients
who underwent elective circumcision surgery. CE block provided superior
analgesia than the USG-guided TAP block after male elective circumcision
surgery in this study.
Breeding microbes: How genetic diversity shapes gut microbial communities in the critically endangered European mink (Mustela lutreola)
Authors: Leeuwen Pauline Van , Schulte-Hostedde Albrecht , Fournier-Chambrillon Christine , Aranda M.Carmen , Berthomieu Laurie , Fournier Pascal , Michaux Johan
Published: January 2024

Host’s fitness can be affected by its genotype and gut microbiota,
defined as the microbes living in the host’s intestinal tract. This
study explored how the genetic diversity of the host influences its
bacterial communities in the context of captive breeding programs, for
the critically endangered European mink (Mustela lutreola). As stated by
the ecosystem on a leash model, mechanisms such as inbreeding depression
may lead to changes in immunomodulation and will therefore induce
modifications of the gut microbiota. We investigated variation in the
gut bacteria through 16S rRNA metabarcoding, related to the genetic
diversity of European mink held in captivity in two breeding centers
representing separate breeding stocks originating from the western and
eastern populations. The genetic diversity of the host was assessed
through diversity analysis of the adaptive MHC class I and II genes as
well as neutral microsatellite markers. Results indicate lower diversity
in neutral and MHC class I genes for the western population, and the
opposite for MHC class II. A lower MHC class II gene variability led to
an increase in microbial phylogenetic diversity and in abundance
depending on the presence of specific MHC-II motifs. This shows the
importance of integrating both neutral and adaptive markers when
investigating genetic variation in the context of ex situ conservation,
as well as gut microbial community assessment. We advocate for more
natural mating systems in captive breeding program to foster genetic
diversity as a whole to mitigate the effects of genetic drift on those
small, isolated populations.
Germline 3q21 Deletion Affects GATA2 and is Associated with Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Authors: Greenmyer Jacob , Thompson Whitney , Hoppman Nicole , Khan Shakila , Patnaik Mrinal , Schimmenti Lisa , Kohorst Mira
Published: January 2024

Germline 3q21 chromosome deletions result in a rare multi-system
condition. Of the 14 cases of germline 3q21 deletion syndrome reported,
2 have been reported to develop myelodysplastic syndrome necessitating
allogeneic HCT (our patient and one other). Our patient was treated with
an allogeneic, matched sibling hematopoietic cell transplantation.
Patients with 3q21 deletion have a predilection for myelodysplastic
syndrome, likely due to GATA2 deletion. We recommend frequent complete
blood count evaluation with annual bone marrow aspiration to monitor for
development of MDS in patients with 3q21 deletion.
High rate of extreme thrombocytosis indicates bone marrow hyperactivity and splenic dysfunction among congenital diaphragmatic hernia patients
Authors: Gu Hannah , Devine Matthew , Hedrick Holly , Rintoul Natalie , Thom Christopher
Published: January 2024

Pediatric extreme thrombocytosis (EXT, platelet count >
1000 x 103/µL) is rare. In a single center retrospective analysis of
hospitalized children with EXT, infants with congenital diaphragmatic
hernia (CDH) were overrepresented. In general pediatric patients, EXT is
usually secondary to infection or inflammation, but most of the 14 CDH
patients with EXT had no identifiable inciting factor. Instead, there
was evidence that splenic dysfunction and bone marrow hyperactivity
underlied EXT in CDH patients. None were associated with bleeding or
thrombosis. Our findings identify mechanisms underlying EXT, and aid
clinical interpretation and management of EXT in the pediatric
population.
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) – More Haste, Less Speed
Authors: Hassan Muhammad , Badshah Mazhar , Rajput Haris Majid , Shahzad Waleed , Jan Zakir , Khan Naveed Ullah , Dewey Rebecca Susan
Published: January 2024

Objective: Many patients being investigated for Guillain-Barré syndrome
(GBS) undergo unnecessary neuroimaging with magnetic resonance imaging
(MRI) or computed tomography (CT). The objective of this study was to
determine the proportion of patients with GBS undergoing neuroimaging
investigation, and investigate any association with different GBS
variants, and the level of certainty using the Brighton Criteria.
Methods: A single-center observational study was conducted in Pakistan’s
leading tertiary care hospital, that enrolled 148 patients being
investigated for, and subsequently diagnosed with GBS between January
2017 and March 2020. Participants were asked if they had undergone
neuroimaging of the craniospinal axis before or during hospital
admission, and the purpose of any CT scan. We enquired whether
fundoscopy had been performed before lumbar puncture and determined the
level of certainty based on the Brighton Criteria. Results: The majority
of participants were male (n=107; 73%), with a mean± SD age of
42.85±18.4 years. The mean waiting time to their first interaction with
a neurologist was 5.2±4.01 days, and the demyelinating variant of GBS
was more common than the axonal variant (1.6:1). Most patients were
diagnosed with level I certainty using the Brighton criteria (n=113;
76%). MRI brain and spine were performed ahead of admission in 48
(32%) and 59 (39%) patients, respectively. CT scan brain was performed
in 121 (82%) patients before lumbar puncture while 27 (18%) only
underwent fundoscopic examination before lumbar puncture. Conclusion:
Clinical examination is fundamental in the diagnosis of GBS.
Neuroimaging may be inappropriate and unnecessary, and detract attention
from crucial peripheral neuropathy measures while misusing limited
resources. Keywords: Guillian Barre Syndrome; Neuroimaging; Brighton
Criteria
ASSESSMENT OF POSTURAL STABILITY IN CHILDREN WITH POSTERIOR FOSSA TUMOR
Authors: Usama Mahmoud , Abdelazeim Faten , rashed wafaa , Maher Eslam , Beltagy Mohamed El , Zekri Wael
Published: January 2024

Abstract Objectives: Children diagnosed with posterior fossa tumor are
susceptible to neuromuscular and musculoskeletal impairments. This study
was designed to address postural stability affection in those children.
Methods: Sixty children treated for posterior fossa tumor in maintenance
phase aged from five to twelve years were participated in this study.
Postural stability was assessed using HUMAC balance and tilt system to
assess both Static and dynamic balance. Results: There was a significant
difference in postural stability in children with posterior fossa tumor
as compared to HUMAC balance and tilt system tests’ norms. Conclusion:
From the obtained study it can be concluded that there is an affection
of postural stability in children with posterior fossa tumor. Periodic
evaluation along the course of treatment could identify specific
impaired motor domains providing the base for a successful
rehabilitation program. Keywords: Posterior fossa tumor,
Medulloblastoma, HUMAC, children, Postural stability, Balance.
Reaction Pathways, Kinetics and Thermochemistry of the Chemically-Activated and Stabilized Primary Methyl Radical of Methyl Ethyl Sulfide, CH3CH2SCH2•, with 3O2 to CH2CH3SCH2OO• Guanghui Song1and Joseph W Bozzelli1 Hebah Abdel-Wahab1,* 1Department of Chemical, Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, University Heights, Newark, NJ 07102 USA
Authors: Wahab Heather , Bozzelli Joseph , Song Guanghui
Published: January 2024

The quantum Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel (QRRK) theory is used to analyze the
reaction between the activated CH2•SCH2CH3 and molecular oxygen to
account for further reaction and collisional and deactivation. hydroxyl
radicals initiate the oxidation of Methyl ethyl sulfide (CH3SCH2CH3) and
MES (methylthioethane) under combustion conditions. The CBS-QB3
composite and M062X/6-311+G(2d, p) DFT methods was used to study the
thermochemical properties of reactants, products and transition states.
These thermochemical properties are used for the calculations for
kinetic and thermochemical parameters. Under high pressure and low
temperature, isomerization and stabilization of the •OOCH2SCH2CH3 adduct
is of importance. Under atmospheric pressure and at temperatures between
above 600 ~ 800 K reactions of the chemically activated
peroxy adduct become important relative to stabilization. The reaction
between CH2•SCH2CH3 and oxygen molecule (O2) forms an energized peroxy
adduct •OOCH2SCH2CH3 with a well depth of 26.4 kcal/mol, calculated at
the CBS-Q//M062x/6-311+g(2d,p) levels of theory. Two new pathways are
detected, the first new pathway is Criegee intermediate plus CCS• plus
CH2•OO• formation. Thew second new pathway is carbon-sulfur bond
cleavage with formation of carbon-oxygen and oxygen-sulfur double bonds
after peroxy oxygen radical addition to sulfur atom: CH2=O + S•(=O) CC.
Drug interaction affecting kidney function. Triple Whammy over 20 years later
Authors: Harężlak Tomasz , Religioni Urszula , Szymański Filip , Hering Dagmara , Baranska Agnieszka , Neumann-Podczaska Agnieszka , Merks Piotr
Published: January 2024

Triple Whammy (TW) is a dangerous drug interaction (DI) that can occur
when combining angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or
angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), with diuretics and
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). One of the most serious
consequences of TW is contributing to pre-renal acute kidney injury
(pr-AKI). Due to the fact that the term TW, in context of DI affecting
kidneys function is not very widespread, the aim of this article was to
gather information on this interaction. Previous knowledge on the
mechanism of TW and increasing patient awareness of this interaction is
described. In addition, the specific nature of the acute kidney injury
(AKI) caused by triple whammy (AKITW) is presented. On the basis of the
current state of knowledge, recommendations how to manage the TW DI are
also demonstrated.
Predictors of the chest CT score in COVID-19 patients: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Yazdi Niloofar Ayoobi , Hajighadery Abdolkarim , Seyedalinaghi SeyedAhmad , Jafari Fatemeh , Jafari Sirous , Hasannezad Malihe , Koochak Hamid Emadi , Salehi Mohammadreza , Manshadi Seyed Ali Dehghan , Meidani Mohsen , Hajiabdolbaghi Mahboubeh , Ahmadinejad Zahra , Khalili Hossein , Mehrabinejad Mohammad-Mehdi , abbasian ladan
Published: January 2024

Background: Since the COVID-19 outbreak, pulmonary involvement was one
of the most significant concerns in assessing patients. In the current
study, we evaluated patient’s clinical and laboratory findings on the
first visit to predict the severity of pulmonary involvement and their
outcome. Methods: Four hundred seventy-eight COVID-19 patients with
positive real-time reverse-transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction
(RT-PCR) or highly suggestive symptoms with computed tomography(CT)
imaging results with typical findings of COVID-19 were enrolled in the
study. The clinical features, initial laboratory, CT findings, and
short-term outcomes (ICU admission, mortality, length of
hospitalization, and recovery time) were recorded. In addition, the
severity of pulmonary involvement was assessed using a semi-quantitative
scoring system (0-25). Results: Among 478 participants in this study,
353 (73.6%) were admitted to the hospital, and 57 (11.9%) patients
were admitted to the ICU. A review of chest CT scans showed that Ground
Glass Opacity (GGO) (58.5%) and consolidation (20.7%) were the most
patterns of lung lesions. Among initial clinical and laboratory
findings, anosmia (P = 0.01), respiratory rate (RR) ≥ 25 (P = 0.001),
C-reactive protein (CRP) ≥ 91 (P = 0.002), white Blood Cell (WBC)
>10,000 (P = 0.009), and SpO2 ≥ 93 (P = 0.04) was
associated with higher chest CT score. Lung involvement and
consolidation lesions on chest CT scans were also associated with more
extended hospitalization and recovery period. Conclusions: Initial
assessment of COVID-19 patients, including symptoms, vital signs, and
routine laboratory tests, can predict the severity of lung involvement
and unfavorable outcomes.
Rhabdomyolysis Secondary to Vildagliptin Overdose in a Suicidal Attempt: A Case Report
Authors: Guo Nan , Han Bing , Fan Xiaofang , Feng Zhen , Tang Zhijia
Published: January 2024

Rhabdomyolysis is a life-threatening adverse drug reaction that is
seldom reported in DPP-4 inhibitors. Here we present a case in which a
58-year-old female suffered from severe swelling and pain in bilateral
lower limbs and oliguria for 1 week after a suicidal attempt that she
took vildagliptin 1,400 mg and insulin aspart 60 IU. She was diagnosed
with rhabdomyolysis, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), urinary tract
infection (UTI) and drug-induced liver injury (DILI). After 20 days of
hospitalization, significant improvement had occurred in almost all
laboratory results, and the patient was discharged without sequelae.
This is a rare case suggesting that severe adverse events (SAEs), such
as rhabdomyolysis, may occur in relatively safe oral hypoglycemic drugs.
Positive solutions for the critical fractional Kirchhoff-type equations with logarithmic nonlinearity and steep potential well
Authors: Huang Ling , wang li , Feng hao
Published: January 2024

\begin{abstract} {In this paper, we study a class of
critical fractional Kirchhoff-type equations involving logarithmic
nonlinearity and steep potential well in $\R^N$ as
following: \begin{align*}
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.25}
\begin{array}{ll} \ds
\left \{
\begin{array}{ll} \ds
\left(a+b\int_{\R^{N}}|(-\Delta)^\frac{s}{2}u|^2\,
dx\right)(-\Delta)^s
u+\mu V(x)u=\lambda
a(x)u\ln|u|+|u|^{2_{s}^{*}-2}u~~~\text{in}~\mathbb{R}^N,
\\ u\in
H^s(\R^N), \\
\end{array} \right .
\end{array} \end{align*} where
$a>0$ is a constant, $b$ is a positive parameter,
$s\in(0,1)$ and $N>4s,$
$\mu>0$ is a parameter and $V(x)$
satisfies some assumptions that will be specified later. By applying the
Nehari manifold method, we obtain that such equation with sign-changing
weight potentials admits at least one positive ground state solution and
the associated energy is negative. Moreover, we also explore the
asymptotic behavior as $b\to 0$ and
$\mu\to\infty,$
respectively.}
Efficacy and safety of ketamine in the treatment of neuropathic pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Pereira Jose Eduardo , Pereira Lucas Ferreira Gomes , Bersot Carlos , Linhares Rafael Mercante , Ashmawi, Hazem Adel
Published: January 2024

Neuropathic pain may develop after neuronal injury and distinguishes
itself from other painful conditions due to its unique clinical
characteristics and for being refractory to treatment with conventional
analgesics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are known for their relation to
neuroplasticity and play a role in neuropathic pain and opioid induced
hyperalgesia. Ketamine is a N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist with
strong analgesic and anti-hyperalgesic properties and its addition to
the treatment of neuropathic pain may reduce pain intensity in the short
and long term and may improve overall quality of life. Therefore, a
systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to investigate the
addition of ketamine to the treatment of patients with neuropathic
pain.Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the
effect of ketamine on pre-defined outcomes including pain intensity at
several time points, multidimensional pain scales, quality of life,
mood, impact on interpersonal interaction, quality of sleep, impact on
general daily activities, impact on work, and adverse outcomes, such as
nausea and vomiting, and psychedelic effects were searched in the
following databases: MEDLINE, CENTRAL, LILACS and EMBASE, from inception
to April 2021. Reviewers independently screened potentially eligible
articles, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias among eligible
articles. We used the GRADE approach to rate the overall certainty of
the evidence for each outcome.
Post obturation analgesia requirements in patients vaccinated against Covid-19 : a short observational study.
Authors: Jethi Navdeep
Published: January 2024

Aim: To evaluate the need for Post obturation analgesia (acetaminophens)
requirements in patients vaccinated against Covid-19, as the role of the
NASID’s is still controversial, and the most recommended drug is
acetaminophens after Covid-19 Vaccination. Material and Methods: 50
patients vaccinated against Covid-19 undergoing root canal treatments
for symptomatic pulpits in molar teeth, were divided into two groups of
25 each on the basis of gender (Group M for males and Group F for
females.) Each patient was given a prescription for 650 mg of
acetaminophen tablets to be taken 8 hourly with instructions to avail
the same only if needed for pain. They were instructed to keep a record
of the number of tablets consumed as per record sheet 1, and if the pain
did not subside then a stronger analgesic Ketorolac DT 10mg twice a day
had to be taken and recorded. In case the pain was accompanied by
swelling, the patient was given a prescription of amoxicillin 500mg TDS
along with analgesics. Results: In Group M and Group F the mean number
of analgesic tablets required was 0.44±0.65, 0.80±1.08 respectively, and
the difference was statistically insignificant (p=0.360). The
statistical analysis was done by student’s t-test using SPSS
(Statistical Package for Social Sciences) Version 20.0 statistical
Analysis Software. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study,
this is concluded that acetaminophen is effective in relieving
post-obturation pain in patients vaccinated against COVID-19. Keywords:
NSAID’s, Acetaminophen, Root Canal Treatment, COVID-19 vaccination,
Covisheild
Singularities of serial robots: Identification and distance computation using geometric algebra
Authors: Zaplana Isiah , Hadfield Hugo , Lasenby Joan
Published: January 2024

The singularities of serial robotic manipulators are those
configurations in which the robot loses the ability to move in at least
one direction. Hence, their identification is fundamental to enhance the
performance of current control and motion planning strategies. While
classical approaches entail the computation of the determinant of either
a 6?xn or nxn matrix for an n degrees of freedom
serial robot, this work addresses a novel singularity identification
method based on the six-dimensional and three-dimensional geometric
algebras. It consists of identifying which configurations cause the
exterior product of the twists defined by the joint axes of the robot to
vanish. In addition, since rotors represent rotations in geometric
algebra, once these singularities have been identified, a distance
function can be defined in the configuration space C such that
its restriction to the set of singular configurations S allows us
to compute the distance of any configuration to a given singularity.
Genome and comparative transcriptomic reveal the transcriptional regulators of β-carotene biosynthesis in Mango
Authors: Ma xiaowei , Luo Xiang , Wei Yongzan , Bai Tuanhui , Shi Jiangli , Zhen Bin , Xu Wentian , Li Li , Wang Songbiao , Zhang Jisen , Wu Hongxia
Published: January 2024

Mango (2n = 2x = 40) is an important tropical/subtropical evergreen
fruit tree grown worldwide, and its fruits are nutritionally rich and of
high value. Here, a high-quality mango genome (396 Mb, contig N50 = 1.03
Mb) was assembled using the cultivar ‘Irwin’ from Florida, USA. A total
of 97.19% sequences were anchored to 20 chromosomes, including 36,756
protein-coding genes. We compared the β-carotene content, in two
different cultivars and growth periods, and the variation of β-carotene
content mainly affected the fruit flesh colour. Also, from their
transcriptome analysis, the β-carotene biosynthesis genes were
identified. MiPSY1was proved to be an key gene regulating the β-carotene
biosynthesis. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), dual
luciferase and yeast one-hybrid assays confirmed that transcription
factors (TFs) MibZIP66 and MibHLH45 activate MiPSY1 transcription by
directly binding to the CACGTG motif of MiPSY1 promoter. However, the
two TFs showed no significant synergistic effects on promoter activity.
Taken together, the current study provides a genomic platform for
studying the molecular basis of fruit flesh color in mango.