bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Surface Roughness Modeling of Hard Turning 080A67 Steel
Authors: Danh Bui Thanh , Cuong Nguyen Van
Published: June 2023

Surface roughness is an important parameter to evaluate the quality of a machining process in mechanical manufacturing. The construction of a surface roughness model of a machining process is the basis for predicting surface roughness corresponding to each certain case. This paper presents the construction of a surface roughness model in 080A67 steel turning. An experimental process was carried out with a total of 15 experiments, designed according to the Box-Behnken matrix. The cutting speed, feed rate, and cutting depth were changed in each experiment, and surface roughness values were measured to build a model that showed the mathematical relationship between surface roughness and the three cutting parameters. A second surface roughness model was also constructed using the Box-Cox transformation. The accuracy of these two models was compared through five coefficients: R2, R2(pred), R2(adj), Percentage Absolute Error (PAE), and Percentage Square Error (PSE). The results showed that all these coefficients of the model using the Box-Cox transformation were better than those of the first one. In detail, the values of R2, R2(pred), R2(Adj), PAE, and PSE of the first model were 94.55%, 12.79%, 84.74%, 8.79%, and 1.42%, while for the second model were 99.09%, 85.42%, 97.44%, 2.26%, and 0.18%, respectively, showing that the accuracy of the surface roughness model was improved by using the Box-Cox transformation.
FPGA Implementation of a Resource Efficient Vedic Multiplier using SPST Adders
Authors: Gowreesrinivas K. V. , Srinivas Sabbavarapu , Samundiswary Punniakodi
Published: June 2023

Nowadays, the requirement for very high-speed operations in processors constantly increases. Multiplication is a crucial operation in high power-consuming processes such as image and signal processing. The main characteristics of a multiplier are good accuracy, speed, reduction in area, and little power consumption. Speed plays a major role in multiplication operations, and an increase in speed can be obtained by reducing the number of steps involved in the computation process. Since a multiplier has the largest delay among the basic blocks in a digital system, the critical path is determined by it. Furthermore, the multiplier consumes more area and dissipates more power. Hence, designing multipliers that offer high speed, lower power consumption, less area, or a combination of them is of prime concern. Hence, an attempt is made in this paper to achieve the above design metrics using a Spurious Power Suppression Technique (SPST) adder. A resource-efficient SPST-based Vedic multiplier is developed and implemented using Artix 7 FPGA and is finally compared with the ripple carry adder-based Vedic multiplier.
Dam Deformation Monitoring using Cloud-Based P-SBAS Algorithm: The Kramis Dam Case (Algeria)
Authors: Hasni Kamel , Gourine Bachir , Larabi Mohammed El Amine
Published: June 2023

This paper presents the application of the Parallel Small Baseline Subset (P-SBAS) algorithm, provided by the Geohazards Exploitation Platform for the precise monitoring of an earth dam's ground deformation using C-band Sentinel-1 data. The test site object of this study was the Kramis dam, located in the Mostaganem State, Western Algeria. Among the multiple advanced DInSAR techniques, SBAS is very adequate for long-term displacement monitoring in areas with changing terrain and vegetation. Ten corner reflectors were installed as a backscattered radar signal amplification tool to reduce the effect of temporal decorrelation and delineate the dam area. Four Sentinel-1 A and B satellite tracks were available (T30, T37, T103, and T110) to measure displacements, in the Line of Site (LoS) direction, for two years since the installation of the CRs in July 2019. The results showed a subsiding area on the left bank of the dam dike, with a velocity of 4mm/yr, and an uplifting rate of 3-4mm/yr in the upper part of the dike. The entire 3-dimensional vector of displacement of the dam vicinity was estimated using the least-squares method, proving a better understanding of the dam's temporal deformation, particularly for dams with a high exposure factor and associated risk.
Smart Scarf: An IOT-based Solution for Emotion Recognition
Authors: Almukadi Wafa
Published: June 2023

This paper presents the design rationale of a color-changing scarf depending on the emotional state it detects. The goal of the design is to associate people to show up their emotional state especially those who have difficulties in expressing their feelings, such as elderly people, children, people with special needs, and people who have to wear a face mask, which covers their facial expression, as it is common during the COVID-19 pandemic period. Wearing a smart emotional scarf provides a context of the individual's emotional state that might help surrounding people in dealing with them. Our design uses a heart rate sensor and a skin sensor to detect and recognize emotional information. The scarf will change its color based on the emotional state it detects (neutral, angry, happy, and sad). An interface allows the provision of emotional data and displays emotional statistics and daily history. We went through a user-centered design process adopting wearable technology guidelines. A proposed prototype of the smart scarf is presented called Scarfy. A user evaluation is conducted showing that wearing the scarf with changing colors based on emotional status is a good solution to express feelings with comfort and wearing it might enhance social engagement.
Sustainable Green City Development Project Analysis using the Critical Path Method (CPM) and the Crashing Project Method on Time and Cost Optimization
Authors: Abuhasel Khaled
Published: June 2023

Due to the increase in population all over the world, the term city development has emerged using the method of sustainable green cities, which are cities designed taking into account the environmental impact to reduce the required input from energy, water, and food production. This study discusses this topic with three main objectives; the first is to analyze the project work network of the Sustainable Green City Development Project, the second is to investigate the impact of speeding up the project on network planning, and the third is to determine the cost differences before and after acceleration. The Critical Path Method (CPM) is valuable for managing complex projects if the activity durations are known. However, in reality, the projected durations may vary in the course of a project due to multiple factors, such as equipment breakdowns, human errors, and material shortages. This study used the CPM and crashing methods to determine the optimal project turnaround time using critical path optimization techniques. Analysis using CPM showed that the initial project duration was 1205 weeks but can be reduced to 1197 weeks. However, with acceleration, there is a slight difference, corresponding to a 0.67% decrease in the duration and approximately 8 weeks. The study showed that the total cost of the project work is US $55M at the normal duration and became US $59M after acceleration, which is a slight increase.
THE ROLE OF THE RENTAL DISPUTE CENTER ON THE RENTAL SECTOR IN DUBAI AN ANALYTICAL OVERVIEW
Authors: Sanna Ahmed Ibrahem
Published: June 2023

The rental sector in the UAE represents about half of the real estate sector, as it is one of the basics on which the economy is based and one of the essential basic pillars in the economic sector. Due to that, the local legislator intervened in the Emirate of Dubai to achieve transparency in this sector and protect dealers’ rights. Therefore, the government established a Rental Dispute Center Dubai (RDCA) to resolve rental disputes arising between the parties from the rental contract. In this regard, the article examines the extent of the contribution of the RDCA to the development of the real estate sector and the provision of a safe and stable environment for investors on the one hand and for the parties to the rental relationship on the other. The article adopted the social legal research methodology. The data were examined using an analytical and critical approach. It found that the RDCA has been demonstrated to effectively accomplish simplicity, expediency, and efficiency in resolving rental disputes, thereby distinguishing itself from the judicial system. It also has significantly contributed to safeguarding the rights of all involved parties within the rental relationship, thereby augmenting the growth and advancement of the real estate sector. However, the article recommends that certain legal provisions that appear to contradict the principle of judicial independence be revised in order to fully realise the goals for which the RDCA was established.
Review on Linear and Non - Linear Filter
Authors: Dr. R. Pushpavalli  , S. Gnanasekaran  , S. R. Thiruvasagam  , G. Thirupathi
Published: June 2023

Image denoising is the operation of the image data to produce a visually high quality image. The existing or current denoising algorithms or approaches are filtering approach, multifractal approach and wavelet based approach. Different noise models include noise as additive and multiplicative type. They include Gaussian noise, salt and pepper noise (impulsive noise), Brownian noise and speckle noise. Noise arises due to various factors like bit error rate, speed, dead pixels. Denoising algorithm is application dependent i.e. the application of a specific filter is beneficial against a specific kind of noise. The filtering approach has been proved to be the best when the image is corrupted with salt and pepper noise. In the filtering approach Median filter provides best result against impulsive noise i.e. salt and pepper noise. The wavelet based approach finds applications in denoising images corrupted with Gaussian noise. If the noise characteristics are complex, then multifractal approach can be used.
A look at common gastrointestinal system diseases: current review
Authors: Tekin Yunus , Başgöz Bilgin Bahadır , Solmaz İhsan
Published: June 2023

The gastrointestinal system consists of the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and rectum. Although they
are called accessory organs, the liver, pancreas, and gallbladder are also evaluated in this system with their vital features.
Gastrointestinal system disorders (GISD) are observed quite frequently in society. Considering the morbidity and mortality
they cause, effective treatment methods become crucial. Situations such as patients’ non-compliance with nutritional
recommendations and the inadequacy of pharmacological and surgical methods at some points make different perspectives
and treatment methods more valuable. From this point of view, we will try to examine the GISD that causes muscle loss and the physiotherapy modalities that can be applied to these patients in light of the current literature.
Evaluation of hematological indices in patients with colon cancer
Authors: Yılmaz Kemalettin
Published: June 2023

I read with interest the formerly published paper entitled “Retrospective evaluation of platelet indices and RAS mutations in patients with colon cancer” by Şanlıer et al. (1). In that published paper, the authors evaluated the hematological indices in colon cancer patients and their relationships between RAS mutations. It has been noticed that the authors evaluated neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and red cell distribution width (RDW) as hematological indices in colon cancer cases. I would like to thank the authors for valuable contribution to the literature for especially topic on colon cancer.
Gastric cancer patient characteristics in a city in the Central Anatolian Region of Turkey: A single-center descriptive study
Authors: Büyükkör Mustafa , Tay Fatih , Özakyol Harmancı Ayşegül
Published: June 2023

Aims: This study aimed to determine the characteristics of patients with gastric cancer living in Eskişehir, a city located
in the central Anatolian region of Turkey, together with factors affecting the recurrence and survival time.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using patients records who were admitted to Eskişehir
Osmangazi University Health Practice and Research Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine between December 1998
and January 2011 with a diagnosis of gastric cancer. Missing data was obtained by calling the patients or their relatives by
phone.
Results: We evaluated 210 gastric cancer patients in this study.Male sex was approximately 2.5 times dominant, and most
of the patients were diagnosed between the ages of 60-69. Approximately 1/5th of the patients applied to the health center
6 months after the onset of symptoms. Age, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy were significantly related to recurrence
(p=0.028, p=0.009, and p=0.005, respectively). Stage, area of involvement, positive surgical margin, chemotherapy,
radiotherapy, and the number of lymph nodes removed were significantly related to survival time (p<0.001 for all
variables).
Conclusion: In the studied population, gastric cancer diagnosis is delayed in a significant proportion of symptomatic
patients. To decrease missed diagnoses, health professionals, especially those working in primary health care, should
be made more sensitive towards the red flags of gastric cancer. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are effective treatment
options in preventing recurrences and improving survival.
Retrospective Analysis of Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Cases in the Endoscopy Unit
Authors: Akın Tezcan , Çetinkaya Erdinç , Göktaş Abidin , Bayazıtlı Şükrü Melih , Berkem Hüseyin , Yüksel Bülent Cavit , Akgül Özgür , Er Sadettin
Published: June 2023

Aims: Enteral nutrition is considered a primary, first-choice nutrition method when the passage in the gastrointestinal tract is open. The present study attempted to present the experience of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy performed in our endoscopy unit.
Methods: This study investigated the data of 39 patients undergoing the placement of a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) catheter in our endoscopy unit between July 2019 and November 2020. A team of experienced specialists, assistant physicians, and nurses performed the procedure at the bedside for patients intubated in the intensive care unit or with a poor general condition or in the endoscopy unit for other patients after being sedated by the anesthesiologist. The patients were started to be fed through the PEG catheter with an initial dose of 10 cc/hour, correlated with the clinical nutrition unit, at the 6th and 12th hours following the procedure, and the dose was gradually increased to the target dose. The patients’ data were presented as frequencies and percentages (%).
Results: The data of 39 patients, 17 (44%) females and 22 (56%) males, were retrospectively investigated in this study. The median age of the patients was found to be 67 years (21-102 years). While 32 patients were hospitalized in the intensive care unit, four received palliative care, and three were followed up in the clinic wards. Considering the pathologies leading to the indication of PEG catheter placement, 15 patients had Cerebrovascular disease, 12 had Alzheimer’s disease, 4 had absent swallow reflex, 3 had a subarachnoid hemorrhage, 2 had a hypoxic brain, 1 had spastic cerebral palsy, 1 had Sanfilippo syndrome, and 1 had oral feeding intolerance. No complications developed in any of the patients during the procedure. While 24 patients were discharged, mortality developed in 15 during hospitalization due to primary pathology.
Conclusion: Contemporarily, a key requirement for optimal treatment is adequate nutrition, and the superiority of enteral nutrition is indisputable in providing such nutrition. PEG is known to be a more efficient method in long-term nutrition when compared to other enteral feeding methods. In conclusion, PEG can be performed for relevant patients with low complication rates in general surgery endoscopy units.
Evaluation of human neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin level in asthma-COPD overlap syndrome of elderly patients
Authors: Duru Serap , Uçar Fatma
Published: June 2023

Aims: Human neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a protein considered as a noninvasive prognostic
biomarker in Asthma-COPD overlap syndrome (ACO). In this study we aimed to show the usability of NGAL as a biomarker
in ACO characterized with airway inflammation in over 65 years old.
Methods: Three patient groups (Group I: COPD, n: 50, Group II: Asthma, n:50, Group III: ACO, n:50) and a healhty non
smoker group (Group IV, n:50) are taken into study. The serum NGAL levels of groups are compared. In Group I, II, III the
level of serum NGAL is compared with the age, duration of smoking (pocket/year), number of attack per year, respiratory
function values, serum C reaktive protein (CRP, mg/dL), serum IgE (IU/mL) and blood neutrophil-to-lymphocyte rate and
atopy.
Results: In patients having ACO when the maximum level of serum exist, it is observed that serum NGAL level is increased as
the number of attacks is increased (p<0.002). On the other hand in the patients having ACO there was also positive correlation between NLR and serum NGAL level (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The increase in serum NGAL levels in chronic inflammatory lung diseases suggests that serum NGAL levels can
be used as a biomarker to assess inflammation severity
Lung cancer in a welder: case report
Authors: Özgün Serhat , Sarı Gülden , Koyuncu Adem , Şimşek Cebrail , Demirağ Funda
Published: June 2023

There are more than one million deaths due to lung cancer every year. Occupational exposure is thought to be responsible for 10% of lung cancer cases. A 51-year-old male patient applied to our clinic with complaints of weakness and rapid fatigue that have been going on for 1 month. In his professional history, it was learned that he has been working as welder for 24 years. On the thoracic computed tomography, a nodular lesion of approximately 5 cm in size with irregular borders and approximately 1.7 cm in size with irregular borders in the anterior left upper lobe, surrounding the hilar vascular structures, was observed in the left hilar region. On the PET-CT scan, there was intense metabolic activity uptake in interactions in cells. Biopsy taken from the endobronchial lesion detected in fiberoptic bronchoscopy was reported as adenocarcinoma. Here, we presented a occupatşonal lung cancer case related to the welding fumes.
NHỮNG VẤN ĐỀ ĐẶT RA ĐỐI VỚI CÔNG TÁC ĐÀO TẠO NGÀNH CÔNG NGHỆ THÔNG TIN TẠI TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC TÂN TRÀO TRONG BỐI CẢNH CHUYỂN ĐỔI SỐ
Authors: Hoàng Hà , Vũ Bình
Published: June 2023

Bối cảnh chuyển đổi số đang diễn ra ngày càng mạnh mẽ tại Việt Nam vừa tạo ra cơ hội cho các cơ sở giáo dục đại học trong việc đào tạo nhân lực ngành Công nghệ thông tin (CNTT) nhưng cũng đặt ra không ít thách thức để đáp ứng với các yêu cầu mới của thị trường lao động. Bài báo nhằm đề cập đến một số vấn đề đặt ra đối với công tác đào tạo ngành CNTT tại Trường Đại học Tân Trào và đề xuất một số giải pháp cần thiết nhằm nâng cao chất lượng đào tạo đối với ngành CNTT.
ỨNG DỤNG HỆ THỐNG ĐÁNH GIÁ TỰ ĐỘNG TRONG VIỆC GIẢNG DẠY CÁC HỌC PHẦN LẬP TRÌNH TẠI TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC
Authors: Nguyễn Tuấn , Trần Phương
Published: June 2023

CSDL về KH&CN đóng vai trò quan trọng đối với mỗi quốc gia, vùng lãnh thổ vì nó lưu trữ các thành quả nghiên cứu khoa học và phát triển công nghệ của mỗi quốc gia. Trong xu thế chuyển đổi số hiện nay, các quốc gia đã và đang đầu tư mạnh mẽ cho việc số hóa và xây dựng các CSDL lưu trữ, quản lý dữ liệu khoa học và phát triển công nghệ phục vụ phát triển kinh tế - xã hội, đảm bảo an ninh, quốc phòng. Vì vậy nhóm tác giả đề xuất xây dựng một hệ thống quản trị, khai thác thông tin tích hợp CSDL KH&CN trực tuyến với mục tiêu chuẩn hóa dữ liệu KH&CN và xây dựng hệ thống liên quan kết nối giữa các CSDL KH&CN.
ỨNG DỤNG CHATGPT TRONG GIẢNG DẠY, NGHIÊN CỨU VÀ QUẢN LÝ Ở BẬC ĐẠI HỌC
Authors: Phan Tiến , Nguyễn Vương
Published: June 2023

Sự phát triển của công nghệ đòi hỏi con người phải thay đổi để sử dụng một cách hiệu quả. Ngày nay, chuyển đổi số là yếu tố quan trọng ảnh quyết định đến thành công và hiệu quả công việc. Bài báo này phân tích chuyên sâu về ứng dụng trí tuệ nhân tạo ChatGPT đối với giảng viên, sinh viên, nhà quản lý ở bậc đại học. Những mặt tích cực khi sử dụng ứng dụng mới được khai thác và sử dụng hiệu quả đối với từng đối tượng công việc. Những khuyến nghị nhằm nâng cao hiệu quả công việc và học tập. Bài báo cũng phân tích nhóm ngành được ứng dụng hỗ trợ nhiều và nhóm ngành không phải là thế mạnh của ứng dụng. Ngoài ra bài báo cũng cảnh báo và chỉ ra những lỗ hỗng mà người dùng cần cảnh giác, biết sử dụng công nghệ một cách thông minh, nhằm phục vụ tối đa nhu cầu của công việc. Kết quả của bài báo sẽ hỗ trợ cho nhà quản lý định hướng phát triển chiến lược của đơn vị trong tương lai, giảng viên và sinh viên sẽ tích cực hơn nếu không muốn mình bị bỏ lại phía sau.
ƯỚC LƯỢNG TƯ THẾ NGƯỜI 3D TRONG VIDEO THỂ THAO SỬ DỤNG MEDIAPIPE
Authors: Đỗ Sơn , Đinh Sơn , Lương Minh , Phan Nam , Tề Hiếu , Lê Hùng
Published: June 2023

Ước lượng tư thế người là nghiên cứu quan trọng được áp dụng trong nhiều lĩnh vực như tương tác người máy, giám sát, phân tích thể thao, v.v. Từ đó có thể xây dựng được các ứng dụng trực quan và thiết thực với khoa học công nghệ và đời sống. Do đó việc ước lượng nhanh và chính xác tư thế người là một bước tiền xử lý nhưng rất quan trọng trong quá trình xây dựng các ứng dụng. Trong bài báo này chúng tôi đề xuất sử dụng Mediapipe, là một khung có sẵn của Microsoft cho việc ước lượng tư thế người 3D. Thử nghiệm được đánh giá trên cơ sở dữ liệu MADS (Martial Arts, Dancing, and Sports Dataset), trong đó chúng tôi tập trung vào các video thể thao như: basketball, volleyball, football, rugby, tennis and badminton. Sai số ước lượng trung bình là từ 100-200mm. Các kết ước lượng tư thế người 3D là một kết quả tốt trong hỗ trợ phân tích thể thao.
SỬ DỤNG TÌNH HUỐNG TRONG GIẢNG DẠY HỌC PHẦN PHÁP LUẬT ĐẠI CƯƠNG TẠI TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC TÂN TRÀO
Authors: Nguyen Chinh
Published: June 2023

Sử dụng tình huống trong giảng dạy đem lại kết quả tích cực cho quá trình dạy học. Đối với học phần Pháp luật đại cương, sử dụng tình huống giúp người học tiếp cận trực tiếp với các vấn đề pháp lý. Qua đó, giúp bài giảng trở nên lôi cuốn nhờ tính thực tiễn, đồng thời rèn luyện khả năng tư duy, kỹ năng thực hành pháp luật cho sinh viên.
PHÁT TRIỂN NĂNG LỰC TỔ CHỨC HOẠT ĐỘNG LÀM QUEN VỚI TOÁN CHO SINH VIÊN NGÀNH GIÁO DỤC MẦM NON Ở TRƯỜNG CAO ĐẲNG SƯ PHẠM ĐIỆN BIÊN
Authors: Doan Hang
Published: June 2023

Việc nghiên cứu các biện pháp hoàn thiện năng lực tổ chức hoạt động cho trẻ mẫu giáo làm quen với toán cho SV là hoàn toàn cần thiết, nhằm góp phần hoàn thiện chất lượng giáo dục trẻ cũng như đào tạo tay nghề cho SV ngành giáo dục mầm non. Bằng các phương pháp nghiên cứu như phân tích, tổng hợp, điều tra giáo dục, phỏng vấn, xin ý kiến chuyên gia bài viết đã khái quát được các vấn đề lý luận và thực tiễn về phát triển năng lực tổ chức hoạt động làm quen với toán  cho sinh viên ngành giáo dục mầm non ở trường cao đẳng sư phạm Điện Biên. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy nhà trường đã tiến hành các bước phát triển, tuy nhiên vẫn còn tồn tại các khó khăn, mức độ đạt được các năng lực của sinh viên ở mức trung bình khá.
ROLE OF MAGNESIUM SULPHATE IN SHORT TERM NEUROLOGICAL OUTCOME OF PERINATAL ASPHYXIA
Authors: AMIR RASHID  , NOUSHEEN FATIMA  , M ASIM  , AYESHA KHALID  , AGHA SHABBIR ALI
Published: June 2023

Background: Perinatal asphyxia or Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) is a condition of impaired blood gas exchange during the intrapartum period that leads to progressive hypoxemia and hypercapnea with a metabolic acidosis resulting ischemic encephalopathy. Now a days many therapeutic interventions are tried to reduce the morbidity and mortality in Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. Magnesium sulphate is one of them. Reduced morbidity with such an inexpensive and easy to administered drug is appreciable especially for resource limited countries. Objective: To compare Magnesium sulphate to placebo in short term neurological outcome of the full term newborns presented with perinatal asphyxia. Study design: It was a randomised control trial. Methodology: 200 term neonates with moderate to severe perinatal asphyxia admitted in NNU were studied in a prospective, longitudinal placebo control trial. Patients were randomly assigned in two groups. One group received 3 doses of Mgso4 infusion at 250 mg/kg per dose 24 hr apart ( treatment group A) and second group received 3 doses of normal saline infusion 1 ml/kg per dose 24 hr apart ( placebo group B) . Both groups received same supportive care according to unit protocol. Results: Showed a significant difference in short term outcome in the form of early discharge and oral feeding. 71% of the patient in treatment group were discharged on oral feeding up to 2 weeks comparative to 23% patients in placebo group. Mortality in treatment group(A) was 13% and in placebo(B) 23%. Conclusion: The study concluded that the Magnesium sulphate is an effective drug for the management of morbidity in perinatal asphyxia.
INCIDENCE OF TRAUMA TO ANTERIORS AND ITS ASSOCIATED ETIOLOGICAL RISK FACTORS:
Authors: MARZIYA  , JAVARIA INAM  , MARYAM VIRDA  , BADER MUNIR
Published: June 2023

Objectives: Aim of this study was to see the incidence of TDIs particularly to anteriors and their associated presenting complaints, etiological and risk factors reported to OPD of Operative Department of De ’Mont Morency College of Dentistry. Methods: A proforma comprising of pre designed questions was used to do a cross- sectional survey, which included all the incoming patients having a history of dental trauma particularly to anterior teeth over a period of 7 months from Jan 2017 till July 2017.Results: Total number of 129 trauma patients were considered. In these patients, 58.9% were males and 40.3% females.10-20 years age group was considered as most common. N= 53.5% patients got greater than normal overjet which is more than half. And competency of lip was found in 67.4% of patients and absent in 31.8% of patients.

Conclusion: The concept behind studying various etiological and risk factors is to facilitate the planning of preventive measures for traumatic dental injuries.
ALEXITHYMIA, LONELINESS AND INTERPERSONAL PROBLEMS IN YOUNG ADULTS
Authors: AISHA SALEEM  , SAIMA ASHRAF  , IRAM YOUSAF  , IQBAL HUSSAIN DOGAR
Published: June 2023

Objective: The study was to investigate the relationship among alexithymia, loneliness and interpersonal problems in young adults. It was hypothesized that alexithymia referring to difficulties in identifying and verbally describing feelings would predict loneliness and interpersonal problems.

Materials and Methods: A sample of 240 students was taken from different government and private universities of Lahore city. Sample included both men (n = 120) and women (n = 120) with in the age range of 18 to 25 years (M=21.38, SD=1.88). Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), University of California-Los Angeles Loneliness Scale – Version 3 (UCLA) and Inventory of Interpersonal Problems-Short Circumplex (IIP-SC) was used to assess alexithymia loneliness and interpersonal problems respectively.

Conclusion: The results indicated that there was a significant positive correlation among alexithymia, loneliness and interpersonal problems and alexithymia predicted loneliness and interpersonal problems. The results can be useful in designing interventional programs, strategies for treatment or counseling based on regulation of emotions.
LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY CONVERSION TO OPEN CHOLECYSTECTOMY
Authors: JAVAID IQBAL M.S  , ZAHID MAHMOOD  , SAQUIB ZAHUR  , AHSAN SARWAR  , MEHWISH JAVAID  , TARIQ MAHMOOD
Published: June 2023

Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy was done in a consecutive series of 135 patients. Laparoscopic converted to open Cholecystectomy in 13 patients. Anatomy not clears in 7 patients, bleeding (massive) in 1 patient, CBD clamp lig. in 1 patient, cholangioacarinoma in 1 patient, equipment failure in 1 patient and billiary leakage in 2 patients. Conversion rate to open Cholecystectomy was 9.62%.
EFFECTS OF DEXAMETHASONE ON LIVER HISTOLOGY OF ADULT ALBINO MICE
Authors: MARRIAM ASHRAF  , FOZIAFARZANA  , MUHAMMAD SHARJEEL ILYAS
Published: June 2023

Objective: In this study the effects of dexamethasone on liver histology in animal model were evaluated.

Design: This study comprised of 120 albino adult mice which were divided in four groups; one control and three experimental groups (on ascending doses of dexamethasone) administered for twelve weeks. The mice were sacrificed at 4, 8 and 12 weeks and liver histology was examined. The liver was serially sectioned and stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin stains. A comparison of any dose-related changes of dexamethasone on the liver was made with the control group. One way ANOVA was applied to compare weight of liver, size of hepatocyte and nuclear changes in all groups.

Results: Histological analysis showed that dexamethasone induced increase in weight of liver, an increase in hepatocyte size in relation to the dose given. Nuclear changes showed pyknosis with heightened staining. Cellular infiltration and portal vein congestion.

Conclusion: These findings suggest thatdexamethasone has deleterious effects on liver histology.
Dumping syndrome after bariatric surgery in a pregnant woman: A case report
Authors: Cheah Kae Ling , Yaacob Lili Husniati , Abdul Rahman Razlina
Published: June 2023

Dumping syndrome after bariatric surgery is common. However, it is rarely seen during pregnancy because patients are usually advised to avoid pregnancy immediately after surgery. This case highlights the importance of avoidance of pregnancy after bariatric surgery. We report a case of unplanned pregnancy in a 35-year-old woman with a history of subfertility for 8 years who conceived spontaneously 3 months after gastric bypass surgery. This occurred because there was no contraception offered to her after the procedure. The pregnancy was complicated with recurrent episodes of hypoglycaemia secondary to dumping syndrome. Primary care providers need to be vigilant and have a high index of suspicion for dumping syndrome in pregnant obese women who have undergone bariatric surgery.
Short-acting β2-agonist prescription patterns and clinical outcomes in Malaysia: A nationwide cohort of the SABINA III study
Authors: Ban Andrea Yu-Lin , Vengadasalam Paranthaman , Taher Sri Wahyu , Mohd Zim Mohd Arif , Sirol Aflah Syazatul Syakirin , Daut Ummi Nadira , Hyder Ali Irfhan Ali , Pereirasamy Lalitha , Omar Azza , Ibrahim Aishah , Mohd Tarekh Noor Aliza , Chan Swee Kim , Ali Norsiah , Mohd Isa Nor Azila , Hussain Husni , Abdul Karim Noraziah , Raja Gopal Vieshal , Chiam Sue Yin , Beekman Maarten J.H.I.
Published: June 2023

Introduction: SABINA III assessed short-acting β2-agonist (SABA) prescription patterns and their association with asthma-related outcomes globally. Herein, we examined SABA prescription and clinical outcomes in the Malaysian cohort of SABINA III.
Methods: In this observational, cross-sectional study, patients (≥12 years) were recruited between July and December 2019 from 15 primary and specialty care centres in Malaysia. Prescribed asthma treatments and severe exacerbation history within 12 months prior and asthma symptom control during the study visit were evaluated. Associations of SABA prescription with asthma control and severe exacerbation were analysed using multivariable regression models.
Results: Seven hundred thirty-one patients (primary care, n=265 [36.3%]; specialty care, n=466 [63.7%]) were evaluated. The prevalence of SABA over-prescription (≥3 SABA prescriptions/year) was 47.4% (primary care, 47.1%; specialty care, 47.6%), 51.8% and 44.5% among all patients and patients with mild and moderate-to-severe asthma, respectively. Altogether 9.0% (n=66) purchased SABA without a prescription; among them, 43.9% (n=29) purchased ≥3 inhalers. The mean (standard deviation) number of severe asthma exacerbations was 1.38 (2.76), and 19.7% (n=144) and 25.7% (n=188) had uncontrolled and partly controlled symptoms, respectively. Prescriptions of ≥3 SABA inhalers (vs 1–2) were associated with lower odds of at least partly controlled asthma (odds ratio=0.42; 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.27–0.67) and higher odds of having severe exacerbation(s) (odds ratio=2.04; 95% CI=1.44–2.89).
Conclusion: The prevalence of SABA over-prescription in Malaysia is high, regardless of the prescriber type, emphasising the need for healthcare providers and policymakers to adopt latest evidence-based recommendations to address this public health concern.
Global sensitivities of reactive N and S gas and particle concentrations and deposition to precursor emissions reductions
Authors: Ge Yao , Vieno Massimo , Stevenson David S. , Wind Peter , Heal Mathew R.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The reduction of fine particles (PM2.5) and reactive
N (Nr) and S (Sr) species is a key objective for air pollution
control policies because of their major adverse effects on human health,
ecosystem diversity, and climate. The sensitivity of global and regional
Nr, Sr, and PM2.5 to 20 % and 40 % individual and
collective reductions in anthropogenic emissions of NH3, NOx, and
SOx (with respect to a 2015 baseline) is investigated using the EMEP
MSC-W (European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme Meteorological
Synthesizing Centre – West) atmospheric chemistry transport model with WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting) meteorology. Regional
comparisons reveal that the individual emissions reduction has multiple
co-benefits and small disbenefits on different species, and those effects
are highly geographically variable. A 40 % NH3 emission reduction
decreases regional average NH3 concentrations by 47 %–49 % but only
decreases NH4+ by 18 % in Euro_Medi, 15 % in
East Asia, 12 % in North America, and 4 % in South Asia. This order
follows the regional ammonia richness. A disbenefit is the increased
SO2 concentrations in these regions (10 %–16 % for 40 % reductions)
because reduced NH3 levels decrease SO2 deposition through
altering atmospheric acidity. A 40 % NOx emission reduction reduces
NOx concentrations in East Asia by 45 %, Euro_Medi and
North America by ∼ 38 %, and South Asia by 22 %, whilst
the regional order is reversed for fine NO3-, which is related to
enhanced O3 levels in East Asia (and also, but by less, in
Euro_Medi) and decreased O3 levels in South Asia (and
also, but by less, in North America). Consequently, the oxidation of
NOx to NO3- and of SO2 to SO42- is enhanced in
East Asia but decreased in South Asia, which causes a less effective
decrease in NO3- and even an increase in SO42- in East
Asia but quite the opposite in South Asia. For regional policy making, it
is thus vital to reduce three precursors together to minimize such adverse
effects. A 40 % SOx emission reduction is slightly more effective in
reducing SO2 (42 %–45 %) than SO42- (34 %–38 %), whilst the
disbenefit is that it yields a ∼ 12 % increase in total NH3
deposition in the four regions, which further threatens ecosystem
diversity. This work also highlights important messages for policy makers
concerning the mitigation of PM2.5. More emissions controls focusing on
NH3 and NOx are necessary for regions with better air quality, such
as northern Europe and eastern North America. In East Asia, the three
individual reductions are equally effective, whilst in South Asia only
SOx reduction is currently effective. The geographically varying
non-one-to-one proportionality of chemical responses of Nr, Sr,
and PM2.5 to emissions reductions revealed by this work show the
importance of both prioritizing emissions strategies in different regions
and combining several precursor reductions together to maximize the policy
effectiveness.
Applying machine learning to improve the near-real-time products of the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder
Authors: Werner Frank , Livesey Nathaniel J. , Millán Luis F. , Read William G. , Schwartz Michael J. , Wagner Paul A. , Daffer William H. , Lambert Alyn , Tolstoff Sasha N. , Santee Michelle L.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. A new algorithm to derive near-real-time (NRT) data products for the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) is presented. The old approach was based on a simplified optimal estimation retrieval algorithm (OE-NRT) to reduce computational demands and latency. This paper describes the setup, training, and evaluation of a redesigned approach based on artificial neural networks (ANN-NRT), which is trained on >17 years of MLS radiance observations and composition profile retrievals. Comparisons of joint histograms and performance metrics derived between the two NRT results and the operational MLS products demonstrate a noticeable statistical improvement from ANN-NRT. This new approach results in higher correlation coefficients, in addition to lower root-mean-square deviations and biases at almost all retrieval levels compared to OE-NRT. The exceptions are pressure levels with concentrations close to 0 ppbv (parts per billion by volume), where the ANN models fail to establish a functional relationship and tend to predict 0. Depending on the application, this behavior might be advantageous. While the developed models can take advantage of the extended MLS data record, this study demonstrates that training ANN-NRT on just a single year of MLS observations is sufficient to improve upon OE-NRT. This confirms the potential of applying machine learning to the NRT efforts of other current and future mission concepts.
Mixing and air–sea buoyancy fluxes set the time-mean overturning circulation in the subpolar North Atlantic and Nordic Seas
Authors: Evans Dafydd Gwyn , Holliday N. Penny , Bacon Sheldon , Le Bras Isabela
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The overturning streamfunction as measured at the OSNAP (Overturning in the Subpolar North Atlantic Program) mooring array represents the transformation of warm, salty Atlantic Water into cold, fresh North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW). The magnitude of the overturning at the OSNAP array can therefore be linked to the transformation by air–sea buoyancy fluxes and mixing in the region north of the OSNAP array. Here, we estimate these water mass transformations using observational-based, reanalysis-based and model-based datasets. Our results highlight that air–sea fluxes alone cannot account for the time-mean magnitude of the overturning at OSNAP, and therefore a residual mixing-driven transformation is required to explain the difference. A cooling by air–sea heat fluxes and a mixing-driven freshening in the Nordic Seas, Iceland Basin and Irminger Sea precondition the warm, salty Atlantic Water, forming subpolar mode water classes in the subpolar North Atlantic. Mixing in the interior of the Nordic Seas, over the Greenland–Scotland Ridge and along the boundaries of the Irminger Sea and Iceland Basin drive a water mass transformation that leads to the convergence of volume in the water mass classes associated with NADW. Air–sea buoyancy fluxes and mixing therefore play key and complementary roles in setting the magnitude of the overturning within the subpolar North Atlantic and Nordic Seas. This study highlights that, for ocean and climate models to realistically simulate the overturning circulation in the North Atlantic, the small-scale processes that lead to the mixing-driven formation of NADW must be adequately represented within the model's parameterisation scheme.
When, How, and Why Did “Pain” Become Subjective?
Authors: Djordjevic Charles
Published: June 2023

The pain-assessment literature often claims that pain is subjective. However, the meaning and implications of this claim are left to the reader’s imagination. This paper attempts to make sense of the claim and its problems from the history and philosophy of science perspective. It examines the work of Henry Beecher, the first person to operationalize “pain” in terms of subjective measurements. First, I reconstruct Beecher’s operationalization of “pain.” Next, I argue this operationalization fails. Third, I salvage Beecher’s insights by repositioning them in an intersubjective account. Finally, I connect these insights to current pain-assessment approaches, showing that they enrich each other.
فنون البيان من التعدد والتنوع إلى الوحدة والشمول
Authors: حاتم كريم حسين
Published: June 2023

تعد البلاغة العربية رافداً مهماً من روافد البحث والتطبيق كونها تحتوي علوماً غزيرة وفنون كثيرة ومؤلفات وآراء متعددة لم تكن تراثية فحسب، وإنّما حملت الحاضر والماضي فليست البلاغة العربية محصورة على زمن دون آخر، وإنّما هي متجددة بتجدد اللغة العربية والنتاج الابداعي العربي. وكما هو معلوم أنَّ علم البيان العربي اشتمل على فنون متنوعة، فإنّ هذه الفنون لها رابطاً يجمعها وإلا لما جمعت تحت هذا الفن، فأصبحت علماً واحداً مكتملاً يحوي فنونا جزئية متفرعة عنه، من هذا المنطلق جاءت فكرة البحث الموسوم بـ (فنون البيان منال تعدد والتنوع إلى الوحدة والشمول) معبرة عن فكرة وحدة هذه الفنون، وتلاقيها عند فكرة واحدة، تجمعها على النحو الذي يلغي أو يكاد أن يلغي الحدود التي تفصل بينها.
التغييرات الإسرائيلية في قرية قصرين السورية المحتلة
Authors: عيسى فاضل نزال
Published: June 2023

كانت "إسرائيل" ولم تزل تعيش على حساب فلسطين وبعض مما يجاورها من الأراضي العربية المحتلة، حيث شيّدت الكثير من مدنها وتجمعاتها الاستيطانية على أنقاض المدن والقرى العربية، بعد تدميرها وتهجير أهلها منها، مغيرة بذلك الطبيعة الجغرافية والديمغرافية للأراضي التي احتلتها، والتي من بينها قرية قصرين السورية الواقعة وسط الجولان المحتل، حيث شهدت أرض تلك القرية تشييد مدينة استيطانية ضخمة على أنقاضها، حملت اسم "كتسرين"، وملأتها بالمستوطنين الصهاينة، حتى عُدّتْ من أهمِّ المدن الاستيطانيَّة في الأراضي العربيَّة المحتلَّة، نظراً لموقعها الجغرافيِّ والاهتمام البالغ الذي حظيت به، فوصل عدد سكانها من المستوطنين نحو 8500 مستوطن، أما مساحتها فقد بلغت وفق آخر إحصائية 12214 دونماً تربعت على أرض قرية قصرين وما يجاورها.
نمذجة التغير الزمكاني لحدود وسكان محافظتي اربيل ونينوى للفترة 1921-2019
Authors: بهاء صاحب شاكر  , صديق مصطفى جاسم
Published: June 2023

ركز البحث الحالي على دراسة نمذجة التغير الزمكاني للحدود الادارية وسكان محافظتي اربيل ونينوى للفترة 1921 الى 2019 وسوف تقتصر الدراسة على اخذ ثلاث سنوات وهي 1921، 1959، 2019، ومن ثم التطرق لنشأة الحدود الادارية للعراق بشكل عام والمحافظتين على وجه الخصوص، والتطرق الى العوامل التي تؤثر على الحدود بشكل عام.تمثلت منطقة الدراسة بالمحافظات العراقية (اربيل، نينوى) وهي نماذج مختارة من العراق، وكان السبب في اختيارها كون المحافظتين تحدان بعض وطرأت عليهما تغيرات في الحدود الادارية بشكل كبير.اما الحدود الزمانية للدراسة فقد تم حصرها بين عام 1921 الى 2019، كونها المدة التي تتوفر بها خرائط اساسية للمنطقة اولاً وهي من أكثر الفترات التي شهدت تغيراً في الحدود الادارية ثانياً. وتوصلت الدراسة الى ان العراق بشكل عام والمحافظات المعنية بالدراسة بشكل خاص قد شهدت تطوراً كبيراً في حدود محافظاته الداخلية وهذا ناتج عن زيادة ونمو عدد سكانه. ثم عكفت الى انشاء أطلس لتغير حدود المحافظات العراقية كخطوة اساسية تعتمد عليها الدراسات التي تليها، والاستفادة منها في الدراسات التاريخية التي تركز عليها الجغرافية التاريخية.وتعد التقنيات الحديثة بأنظمة المعلومات وبيانات الاستشعار عن بعد من أنجح الطرق في بناء النماذج التي تحاكي تغير حدود المحافظات العراقية لأنها تعبر عن التغير المكاني والزماني.
Positional Differences in Absolute vs. Relative Training Loads in Elite Academy Soccer Players
Authors: Douchet Tom , Paizis Christos , Roche Hugo , Babault Nicolas
Published: June 2023

Weekly training loads are typically reported using absolute values and are not individualized according to competition positional demands (relative values). The aim of this study was to evaluate absolute and relative training loads and compare across playing positions during a full in-season in an elite soccer academy. 24 elite academy soccer players, categorized into five positions (CD: central defender [n = 4]; FB: full back [n = 5]; CM: central midfielder [n = 6]; WM: wide midfielder [n = 5]; FW: forward [n = 4]), were monitored using a global positioning system. Absolute training load was calculated using the total distance, the distance at moderate-speed ([15-20[ km·h-1), high-speed ([20-25[ km·h-1), sprint (> 25 km·h-1), the total number of accelerations (> 3 m·s-2) and decelerations (< -3 m·s-2). Relative training load was calculated by dividing absolute training loads by mean values from the competitive matches. Training loads were determined daily according to their distance from match day (MD). One-way ANOVAs were performed to evaluate differences between playing positions. Absolute moderate-speed distance was greater for WM compared to CD (p = 0.015, and p = 0.017), while the opposite was shown for relative values (p = 0.014, and p < 0.001) on MD-4 and MD-3, respectively. The absolute moderate-speed distance was not different between CD, FB, CM, and FW, whereas relative values were greater for CD on MD+2 and MD-4 (p < 0.05). FB and WM performed greater absolute high-speed distance than CD on MD-4 and MD-3 (p < 0.05) while no difference was highlighted for relative values.Our results demonstrated that in the present academy players, training load for CD was underestimated using absolute training loads for moderate and high-speed distances. In contrast, relative training loads highlighted WM as an underloaded position. Therefore, relative training loads are recommended as they contextualize training loads according to competitive demands and favor training individualization.
Islamic Fund Managers' Market Timing Abilities and their Impact on Fund Performances
Authors: Nabi Ghulam , Rehman Rameez Ur , Ali Rizwan
Published: June 2023

This study examines Shariah-compliant fund's financial performance compared to conventional funds based on managerial timing abilities. Compared with traditional fund managers' timing skills, the study focuses on the most neglected area of Shariah-compliant manager timing abilities, liquidity, and volatility timing abilities. The study uses 69 funds whose significant exposure is the equity between January 2010 and June 2022, consisting of three investment styles: equity, asset allocation, and balanced funds. The study incorporates volatility factors based on Busse (1999) and liquidity factors from Amihud (2002) into the Carhart (1997) four-factor model. The study found that Islamic fund managers have better liquidity and volatility timing skills than conventional fund managers. The results are robust for analyzing individual funds based on different liquidity measures. There is no substantial evidence that Islamic and traditional fund managers can predict market returns.
Condition factor and health inference of garua bachcha Clupisoma garua in the river Old Brahmaputra, north-eastern Bangladesh
Authors: SULTANA SILVIA , AHMED ZOARDER FARUQUE , JOBA MANSURA AKTER , FATEMA MST. KANIZ , AHMED FERDOUS
Published: June 2023

A twelve-month study over a year was conducted from Januaryto December 2016 to determine condition factor and health condition of garua bachcha, Clupisoma garua (Hamilton, 1822) in the river Old Brahmaputra, Bangladesh.Condition factor of an individual fish was estimated as the ratio of the parameter, a in length-weight relationship (LWR), (W=aLb), and a' in a'=W/Lb, where, L and W are length and weight of the individual fish respectively.  The study calculated condition factors in four ways. Firstly,it was determined according to length classes of each month with corresponding monthly LWR, secondly, according to length classes of each month with LWR of pooled data over the study period. The third and final ways wereemployed according to length classes with LWR of pooled data over the study period, and according to monthly mean length and mean weight data with LWR of pooled data over the study period respectively. Garua bachcha were not in ideal health condition irrespective of length classes and months under any of above mentioned methods of calculation, rather they were either lean or plump during study period. Monthly health conditions did not reveal any definite trend.Monthly sample-wise a'/a values explained that fish individuals were lean in January, while they attained plump health in other months from February to December.