bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dismantling White Supremacy in GLAMs and GLAM Education [Galleries, Libraries, Archives, Museums]
Authors: Saucier Renee , Martin Stefanie , Rokay Moska , Shida Tomoko
Published: October 2019

For the 2019 Information and Museum Studies Conference, a group of five Master’s students offered a workshop titled Dismantling White Supremacy in GLAMs and GLAM Education [Galleries, Libraries, Archives, Museums]. This workshop was based on activities developed by the Archivists Against collective. This workshop was not a one-off event, but rather the first action of the Diversity Working Group, a student-led entity at the Faculty of Information.

 

Keywords:

Archives, Libraries, Museums, Archival Education, White Supremacy, Professional Education, Equity, Race, Diversity
Tentative Supplement to (the History of) Classification
Authors: Fox Megan
Published: October 2019

As interdisciplinarity becomes more ubiquitous within academia, information professionals are grappling with how to renegotiate reductive and oppressive classification structures. Librarians of color, however, have been altering these structures since their implementation to better serve their communities. This paper highlights two examples of such renegotiations, and explores the implications for implementing their methodologies into mainstream library praxis. Dorothy Porter’s supplement to the Dewey Decimal System and the Brian Deer Classification system both offer operationalizable solutions to concerns contemporary information science has with cultivating useful and equitable classification systems.

 

Keywords:

Libraries, curation, black librarianship, indigenous librarianship, classification theory
Péter Domokos 1936–2014
Authors: Domokos Johanna
Published: October 2019

Nekrolog Péter Domokos 1936–2014
Jorma Koivulehto 1934–2014
Authors: Kallio Petri
Published: October 2019

Nekrolog Jorma Koivulehto 1934–2014
Implementing the Socio-economic and Cultural Rights in Nigeria and South Africa: Justiciability of Economic Rights
Authors: Olayinka Olaniyi Felix
Published: October 2019

Constitutionalising socio- economic and cultural rights (SERs) and the directive principles of state policy is an indication that a state is disposed to protect and enforce such rights. The classification of rights into political and economic goes a long way in determining the extent of rights enforcement in a nation. In Nigeria political rights are enforceable while economic rights remain unenforceable, but stand a better chance of enforcing political and economic rights under rights unification as in South Africa. Nonetheless, a state's obligation to protect SERs ultimately rests on the resources available to such a state.
О РОЛИ И МЕСТЕ ХУДОЖНИКА В РУССКОЙ ЛИТЕРАТУРЕ 1920-1930-Х ГОДОВ: ПОЭЗИЯ. ОБЩИЙ ОЧЕРК
Authors: OVÇARENKO Aleksey , ÇAYLAK Hanife
Published: October 2019

Статья посвящена исследованию нового типа героя и нового художественного

мировосприятия в литературном процессе 1920-1930-х годов. Охарактеризованы

основные точки зрениiя на место и роль художника в литературных дискуссиях МАПП –

ЛЕФ – Перевала. На примере русской поэзии комсомольских поэтов 1920-1930-х гг. дан

общий анализ представлений о новом месте и новой роли художника и его значения в

формировании творческой авторской позиции и возникновения новой литературы,

показаны конфликт новых и традиционных представлений о задачах художника, развитие

и продолжение традиций русской классической литературы.

Показано как общественная позиция русского писателя формировалась под

давлением исторических факторов, и факторов собственно литературных (возникновение

новой литературы и литературных групп, борьба традиционного и нового в формировании

поэтики, и художественного метода), – в тесном взаимодействии исторического и

литературного рядов.
AVRUPA’DA KAMU HARCAMALARI VE EKONOMİK BÜYÜME ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN MEKÂNSAL PANEL VERİ ANALİZİ İLE İNCELENMESİ
Authors: DEMİRGİL Hakan , YILDIRIM Sinan
Published: October 2019

Devletin ekonomiye müdahale etmesi gerektiğini savunan Keynesyen yaklaşımda etkili

müdahale kalemlerinden biri kamu harcamalarıdır. Bazı iktisatçılar, kamu harcamalarının

politikacıların oy toplama amaçlarına hizmet ettiği için verimsiz harcamalar olduğunu, bu

harcamaların ileriki dönemlerde vergi olarak geri döneceğini söylemekteyken bazı

iktisatçılar da ekonomik durgunluk durumunda yapılacak olan kamu harcamalarının

ekonomiyi tekrar canlandıracağı için gerekli ve yararlı olduğu görüşündedirler. Bu

çalışmada 1997-2017 yılları arasında Avrupa‟da hükümet harcamalarının kişi başı Gayri

Safi Yurt İçi Hâsıla büyümesini nasıl etkilediği mekânsal bağımlılığı dikkate alan modeller

kullanılarak araştırılmıştır. Birbirine komşuluk ilişkisi bulunan yatay-kesitler (ülkeler),

mekânsal ekonometrik yöntemlerin kullanılmasını gerekli kılmıştır. Bunun için mekânsal

gecikme modeli, mekânsal hata modeli, mekânsal Durbin model, genel mekânsal model ile

bunların rassal ve sabit etkili versiyonları ve genelleştirilmiş rassal etkili mekânsal hata

modeli incelenmiştir. Kurulan modellerden elde edilen bulgulara göre, tüm modellerde

hükümet harcamaları yıllık büyümesinde meydana gelen artışlar kişi başı GSYİH

büyümesini artırmaktadır. Avrupa‟da tam istihdam seviyesini yakalamak isteyen

politikacılar, hükümet cari harcamalarını artırma yoluna gidebilir. Bunun yanında, komşu

ülkelerdeki durumu da dikkate almak zorundadırlar. Çünkü mekânsal otokorelasyonu

gösteren katsayılar istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur, yani mekânlar birbirine

yaklaştıkça birbirini daha çok etkilemektedirler. Bu mekânsal bağımlılık, hem mekânsal hata

hem de mekânsal gecikme modellerinde görülmüştür. Yani hem komşu hataları hem de

komşu bağımlı değişken olan kişi başı GSYİH büyümesi değerleri komşularını

etkilemektedir. 
SOSYAL TABAKALAŞMAYI ÖNLEMESİ AÇISINDAN ZEKÂT MÜESSESESİ
Authors: AYDIN Murat
Published: October 2019

İnsanlar, ihtiyaçlarını karşılayabilmek için toplum halinde yaşamaktadırlar. insanların

birlikte ve huzurlu bir biçimde yaşayabilmeleri için bir takım olguların o toplumda hüküm sürüyor

olması gerekmektedir. Adalet, birlikte yaşayan insanların toplumdan beklediği en önemli

olgulardan biridir. Ancak insanlık tarihine bakıldığında huzursuzluğa sebep olan birçok olay

yaşanmış ve halen yaşanmaktadır. Özellikle gelirin ve o toplumun kaynaklarının adil

dağılmaması, insanların yalnızca kendi çıkarlarını düşünmesi ve sosyal tabakalamanın

oluşması bu olayların en önemli sebeplerindendir. Sosyal tabakalaşma hemen her toplumda

yaşanmış, insanlık için önemli sorunlardan olmuş ve insanların aynı ortamda huzurlu bir şekilde

yaşamalarına engel olmuştur. Bu çalışma İslam’ın 5 şartından birisi olan zekât müessesesinin

sosyal etkilerini konu edinmektedir. Çalışmanın amacı, zekâtın sosyal tabakalaşmaya yaklaşım

biçimini irdelemek ve toplumsal tabakalaşmayı önleme konusunda sahip olduğu argümanları

tartışmaktır. Çalışmada belge tarama yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu kapsamda sınıf teorileri mercek

altına alınmış, sosyal tabakalaşma konusu incelenmiştir. Ayrıca insanlık tarihi boyunca yaşanan

büyük devrimlerin nedenleri araştırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak dünyada yaşanan büyük devrimlerin

sebeplerinden birisinin toplumda oluşan tabakalaşma olduğu görülmüştür. Toplumun alt

tabakasının üst tabakaya sürekli kin ve nefretle baktığı görülmüştür. Zekâtın uygulandığı

Müslüman toplumlarda ise buna benzer bir tabakalaşmanın olduğu ancak devrimleri netice

vermediği tespit edilmiştir. Bunun yanında köle azad etmek için zekât verme konusunun önemli

bir konu olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. 
DİN, DEVLET VE SİYASET İLİŞKİSİ ÜZEREİNE
Authors: AYGEN Murat
Published: October 2019

Dinin siyasetle hiç ilgisinin bulunmaması talebi gerçekçi olmayacaktır. Çünkü dinler

ülkelerin sosyolojik bir parçasıdır ve siyasal meşruiyet konusunda etkilidirler. Gerçeklik olarak

siyaset ile din, din ile siyaset bir şekilde ilgilidir ve tarihsel süreçte bu böyle olmuştur. Tarih

boyunca üzerinde en fazla konuşulup tartışılan konulardan birisi Din–Devlet-Siyaset ilişkisidir.

Gelişmekte olan toplumlarda din, siyaseti etkileyerek iktidarın oluşmasına yol açarken öte

yandan siyasetçiler, dini kullanarak bunu toplumsal yaşamın bütününe yaymaktadırlar.

Yönetimlerinin meşruiyetini dinden aldıklarını beyan etmektedirler. Ayrıca günümüzde küresel

ve emperyalist güçler, çeşitli ülke ve toplumları kontrol edebilmek için dini de kullanmakta ve

meşru yönetimlere karşı din ve mezhep savaşı çıkararak yönetimleri zor durumda

bırakmaktadırlar. İslami devlet sistemi nasıldır, din bunu nasıl beyan ediyor, kanun ve

yasalarının kaynağı nelerdir, yönetimlerin meşruiyeti neye dayandırılmalıdır, dinin devlet projesi

var mıdır, varsa bu sistem günümüzde uygulanabilir mi gibi soruların cevabı hep tartışma

konusu olmuştur. İnsanın ferdi hayatının yanı sıra bir de toplumsal bir yaşantısı vardır. İnsan yaratılış itibariyle toplumsal bir varlık olarak yaratıldığından yalnız yaşayamaz. İnsan iyi ve kötü, güzel ve

çirkin birçok sıfatlarla donatılmış, sınırsız istek ve arzulara sahiptir. Her şeyin en iyisine sahip

olma duygusu, makam hırsı, sınırsız özgürlük, dünya sevgisi ve bunların karşısında adaleti

istemek, ilerlemek, medenileşmek, insanlara iyilikte bulunmak gibi her insanda var olan ve aynı

zamanda birbiriyle çelişen istek ve arzuları vardır. Toplumun yaşaması, ilerlemesi ve fertlerin

hak-hukuklarının korunması toplumda zulmün yok olup adaletin hâkim olması, korku ve

kargaşanın yok olup huzur ve emniyetin hâkim olması, her ferdin toplumsal yaşantısının yanı

sıra bireysel hayatının da korunabilmesi için bir takım kanun ve yasaya ve bunu uygulayacak bir

devlete ihtiyaç olduğu inkâr edilemez bir gerçektir.
Suriye ve Filistin Mektupları
Authors: ÇİÇEK Orhan
Published: October 2019

Yusuf Akçura, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin kuruluşunda çok önemli bir düşünce insanıdır. Türk Milleti’nin kurtuluşu için ömrünü adayan ve milletine tekrar bir olmanın yolunu gösterebilmek için en doğru yolu bulmak ve o yolda rehber olmak için çalışan Yusuf Akçura 2 Aralık 1876 tarihinde Rusya Ulyanovsk’ta (eski adıyla Simbir) dünyaya gelmiş, yedi yaşında İstanbul’a gelerek Kuleli Askeri lisesi ve akabinde 1895 yılında Harbiye Mektebi’ne girmiştir. Bu mektebe başlamasıyla sarıldığı fikirlerin rehberliğinde uzun ve zorlu bir hayat mücadelesi başlamıştır. Okulun ikinci sınıfındayken katıldığı Türkçülük hareketiyle II. Abdülhamit’e suikast hazırlığında bulunduğu iddiasıyla önce idama mahkum edilmiş, daha sonra verilen bu hüküm ömür boyu Fizan’a sürgüncezasına çevrilmiştir. Ancak II. Meşrutiyet(1908)’in ilanından sonra İstanbul’a gelebilen Yusuf Akçura, Türk Derneği ve Türk Ocağı’nın kurulmasında katkıda bulunmuştur.1911-1912 yıllarından 1931 yılına kadar çıkan, Türk fikir hayatında son derece önemli bir rolü olan Türk Yurdu dergisi de Yusuf Akçura’nın eseridir. Bu faaliyetleriyle hem Osmanlı Devleti’nin son dönemlerinde ve Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin kuruluş felsefesinde hâkim ideoloji olması bakımından hem de Türk siyasal hayatında önemli bir yer teşkil eden Türk milliyetçiliği düşünce sistemine ciddi katkıda bulunması bakımından da önemli bir fikir adamıdır.
MALİ KURUMLARA GÜVEN VE SOSYAL SERMAYE İLİŞKİSİNİN YAPISAL EŞİTLİK MODELİ İLE ANALİZİ
Authors: YAY Serdar
Published: October 2019

1993 Nobel Ekonomi Ödülü'nü Robert W. Fogel ile birlikte kazanan, büyük düşünür ve kurumsal iktisadın kendi içerisinde belirginleşen farklılaşması sonucu ortaya çıkan yeni kurumsal iktisat yaklaşımının öncüsü olan Douglass C. North'un fikirleriyle şekillenen bu çalışma, mali kurumlara güven ve sosyal sermaye ilişkisine odaklanmaktadır. İktisadın doğası gereği kurumsal olduğunu vurgulayan kurumsal iktisat için en önemli kavramların başında kurum gelmektedir. North'a göre kurumlar, bir toplumda oynanan oyunun kurallarıdır; daha açık bir ifadeyle, insanlar tarafından oluşturulan ve insanlar arasındaki etkileşimi şekillendiren kısıtlamalardır. Bu kısıtlamalar, bireylerin yapmasının yasaklandığı faaliyetleri ve bireylerin hangi şartlarda belli faaliyetlere girişmesine izin verildiğini belirlemektedir. Kısaca kurumlar insanlar arasındaki etkileşimin çerçevesini oluşturmaktadırlar. North ile şekillenen ve "kurumlara güven" olarak karşımıza çıkan söz konusu ilişkiden hareketle, bu çalışmada, ilk olarak merkezine kuralları ve kurumları alan kurumsal iktisat yaklaşımı ve günümüzde giderek daha da önem arz eden sosyal sermaye yaklaşımı arasındaki ilişki teorik olarak ele alınmaktadır. Teorik çerçevede bu ilişkinin ortaya konulmasının ardından, alanımız doğrultusunda belirlenen mali formel ve enformel kurumlara duyulan güvenin sosyal sermaye üzerine olan etkisi ikinci nesil veri analiz tekniği olan Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli aracılığıyla ortaya konulmaktadır. Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli ile test edilen araştırmanın bulgularına göre, mali kurumlara duyulan güven sosyal sermaye üzerinde pozitif ve anlamlı bir etkiye sahiptir.
İŞSİZLİK ORANI ve İŞGÜCÜNE KATILIM ORANI ARASINDAKİ UZUN DÖNEMLİ İLİŞKİ: TÜRKİYE ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: SİVRİ Uğur
Published: October 2019

İşsizlik oranı (UR) ile işgücüne katılım oranı (LFPR) arasında uzun dönemli bir denge ilişkisinin olması, işsizlik oranının emek piyasasının ve ekonominin genel durumunu sağlıklı bir biçimde yansıtmasını engelleyebilecektir. Ayrıca böyle bir ilişkinin varlığı, Türkiye de dâhil olmak üzere yüksek işsizlik oranına sahip ülkelerde, işsizlik oranının istenilen seviyelere düşürülmesini engelleyebilecektir. Bu çalışmada UR ile LFPR arasındaki uzun dönemli ilişki Türkiye ekonomisi için Johansen (1988, 1991) koentegrasyon yöntemi ile genel ve cinsiyet düzeyinde seriler kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Çalışmada aylık verilerle 2005:01-2019:04 dönemi kapsanmıştır. Bu çalışmayı literatürdeki diğer çalışmalardan ayıran temel özellikler şunlardır: Öncelikle, koentegrasyon analizinin üzerine kurulu olduğu Vector Autoregression (VAR) modellerinin istatistiksel özelliklerinin uygun olmasına özellikle dikkat edilmiştir. Hem istatistiksel analizin hem de iktisadi yorumların geçerli olması için çok önemli olan bu hususun (Juselius, 2006, s. 46) literatürde genellikle göz ardı edildiği görülmektedir. İkinci olarak, verinin taşıdığı bilgileri bozmamak için farklı frekanstaki verilerin bir araya getirilmesi, interpolasyon ve bazı mekanik mevsimsel düzeltme tekniklerinin tüm serilere uygulanması gibi işlemlerden özellikle uzak durulmuştur. Analiz sonuçları gerek genel gerek cinsiyet düzeyindeki seriler için UR ile LFPR arasında bir koentegrasyon ilişkisi olmadığını göstermiştir. Bu bulgu Türkiye ekonomisi için LFPR’deki değişimler nedeniyle işsizlik oranının ekonominin genel durumunu iyi yansıtmayacağı düşüncesini desteklememektedir. Ayrıca yine bu bulgu, Türkiye ekonomisinde işsizlik oranının düşürülememesinin bir nedeninin LFPR’deki değişimler olduğu görüşünü de desteklememektedir.
Identification of New Hosts of Pseudocercospora fijiensis Suggests Innovative Pest Management Programs for Black Sigatoka Disease in Banana Plantations
Authors: Vázquez-Euán Roberto , Chi-Manzanero Bartolomé , Hernández-Velázquez Ioreni , Tzec-Simá Miguel , Islas-Flores Ignacio , Martínez-Bolaños Luciano , Garrido-Ramírez Eduardo R. , Canto-Canché Blondy
Published: October 2019

Black Sigatoka is the main constraint to banana production worldwide, and epidemic outbreaks are continuously causing huge losses. Successful management of diseases requires a profound knowledge of the epidemiological factors that influence disease dynamics. Information regarding alternative hosts of Pseudocercospora fijiensis, the causal agent, is still very scarce. To date, only Heliconia psittacorum has been reported as an alternative plant host, and we hypothesized that other plants can house P. fijiensis. In the present report, ten plant species with suspicious leaf spots were collected inside and around commercial banana crops in Mexico. Diagnostic PCR gave positive amplification for six of these plant species, and DNA sequencing confirmed the presence of the pathogen in four. This is the first report of the presence of P. fijiensis in unrelated plants and it represents a breakthrough in the current knowledge of black Sigatoka. This finding is very important given the polycyclic nature of this disease whose successful management requires the control of initial inoculum to minimize epidemic outbreaks. The results presented herein can be used to introduce innovations in integrated black Sigatoka management programs to reduce initial inoculum, and help the international initiative to reduce the use of fungicides in banana production.
Special Issue “Recent Advances in Hair Science and Hair Care Technologies”
Authors: Koike Kenzo
Published: October 2019

Scalp hair is very important for men and women especially in terms of fashion and appearance [...]
Diagnosis of Conversion Disorder Using Diffusion Tensor Tractography and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in a Patient with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Jang Sung Ho , Seo You Sung
Published: October 2019

We report on a patient with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) who was diagnosed with conversion disorder for severe weakness of an arm, which was demonstrated using diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). A 23-year-old right-handed female suffered from head trauma resulting from a pedestrian car accident. She underwent rehabilitative management for memory impairment and central pain. At 14 months after onset, she complained of severe weakness of her right arm, which was detected in the morning after sleeping (right shoulder abductor: 3/5, elbow flexor: 3/5, wrist extensor: 1/5, finger flexor: 1/5, and finger extensor: 1/5). Electromyography study for peripheral neuropathy performed at 2 weeks after onset of weakness showed no abnormality. On a 14-month DTT configuration, the integrities of the left corticospinal tract (CST), supplementary motor area-corticofugal tract (SMA-CFT), and dorsal premotor cortex (dPMC)-CFT were well-preserved. Significant differences were not observed for the fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), and tract volume (TV) values of the CST, SMA-CFT, and dPMC-CFT in both hemispheres between the patient and ten right-handed age- and sex-matched normal subjects (p > 0.05). On a 14-month TMS study, MEPs obtained at the right abductor pollicis brevis muscle showed no abnormality. Using DTT and TMS, conversion disorder was demonstrated in a patient with mild TBI, who showed severe weakness of an arm. Our results suggest the usefulness of an evaluation of the CST and CFTs from the secondary motor areas using DTT, and the CST using TMS for patients who complain of motor weakness due to conversion disorder.
A Systematic Review of Project Allocation Methods in Undergraduate Transnational Engineering Education
Authors: Hussain Sajjad , Gamage Kelum A. A. , Sagor Md Hasanuzzaman , Tariq Faisal , Ma Ling , Imran Muhammad Ali
Published: October 2019

The final year design project is one of the most important components of any undergraduate engineering program. Fair and efficient project allocation procedures can be vital in ensuring a great student experience and exceptional learning out of these projects, which then could contribute in shaping students’ future prospects. In this paper, we review a wide range of project allocation strategies used in various universities at undergraduate levels. We then focus on the project allocations in transnational education (TNE) contexts, which inherit additional allocation challenges. We highlight these challenges and provide recommendations to solve them. We present and compare project allocation strategies adopted at two of the largest TNE programs in China. We also present the factors that influence the project allocations, particularly regarding TNE provisions. Finally, we describe the challenges associated with the project allocations in the TNE scenario, along with proposing some feasible solutions to address these challenges.
Determination of Liberation Degree of Mechanically Processed Waste Printed Circuit Boards by Using the Digital Microscope and SEM-EDS Analysis
Authors: Pereira Gonçalves Pedro , Otsuki Akira
Published: October 2019

Characterization of heterogeneous materials, such as particles from mechanically processed waste printed circuit boards, is a challenging task. The majority of characterization methods either give average information or information that is very limited and in a tiny area of specific interest. That said, capturing such heterogeneity is significantly important for any kind of processes. Degree of liberation, indicating how much the target component is liberated from the non-valuable components, is a key property to determine the success of subsequent process for valuable material recovery. This work analyzed the degree of liberation of metals within the products of hammer milling process via the combination of image acquisition and analysis. The digital microscope and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) coupled with the energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were used for image acquisition and elemental mapping, in order to evaluate the selective liberation under different milling conditions (i.e., feed mass, milling time) for different metals (mainly Cu and Al) and particle size fractions. The obtained liberation degree was also modelled and determined the liberation parameters that were compared. The results showed that the degree of liberation significantly depend on the milling conditions and metals we analyzed, and well correlated with the selective metal enrichment behavior. Results between the two methods showed some similarities and discrepancies. The advantages and disadvantages of the above two methods were identified and discussed in the paper, in addition to their methodological developments.
Nanoseconds Switching Time Monitoring of Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor Module by Under-Sampling Reconstruction of High-Speed Switching Transitions Signal
Authors: Li Hao , Zhao Meng , Yan Hao , Yang Xingwu
Published: October 2019

An insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) is one of the most reliable critical components in power electronics systems (PESs). The switching time during IGBT turn-on/off transitions is a good health status indicator for IGBT. However, online monitoring of IGBT switching time is still difficult in practice due to the requirement of extremely high sampling rate for nanoseconds time resolution. The compressed sensing (CS) method shows a potential to overcome the technical difficult by reducing the sampling rate. To further improve the efficiency and reduce the computational time for IGBT online condition monitoring (CM), an under-sampling reconstruction method of an IGBT high-speed switching signal is presented in this paper. First, the physical mechanism and signal characteristics of IGBT switching transitions are analyzed. Then, by utilizing the sparse characteristics of IGBT switching signal in the wavelet domain, the wavelet basis is used for sparse representation. The stagewise orthogonal matching pursuit (StOMP) algorithm is proposed to enhance the convergence speed for switching signal reconstruction. Experiments are performed on not only a double-pulse test rig but also a real Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) converter. Results show that the IGBT high-speed switching transitions signal can be accurately recovered with a reduced sampling rate and the nanoseconds switching time change can be monitored for IGBT CM.
A New Method of Determination of the Angle of Attack on Rotating Wind Turbine Blades
Authors: Zhong Wei , Shen Wen Zhong , Wang Tong Guang , Zhu Wei Jun
Published: October 2019

The angle of attack (AoA) is the key parameter when extracting the aerodynamic polar from the rotating blade sections of a wind turbine. However, the determination of AoA is not straightforward using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) or measurement. Since the incoming streamlines are bent because of the complex inductions of the rotor, discrepancies exist between various existing determination methods, especially in the tip region. In the present study, flow characteristics in the region near wind turbine blades are analyzed in detail using CFD results of flows past the NREL UAE Phase VI rotor. It is found that the local flow determining AOA changes rapidly in the vicinity of the blade. Based on this finding, the concepts of effective AoA as well as nominal AoA are introduced, leading to a new method of AOA determination. The new method has 5 steps: (1) Find the distributed vortices on the blade surface; (2) select two monitoring points per cross-section close to the aerodynamic center on both pressure and suction sides with an equal distance from the rotor plane; (3) subtract the blade self-induction from the velocity at each monitoring point; (4) average the velocity of the two monitoring points obtained in Step 3; (5) determine the AoA using the velocity obtained in Step 4. Since the monitoring points for the first time can be set very close to the aerodynamic center, leading to an excellent estimation of AoA. The aerodynamic polar extracted through determination of the effective AoA exhibits a consistent regularity for both the mid-board and tip sections, which has never been obtained by the existing determination methods.
New Interface for Assessing Wellbore Stability at Critical Mud Pressures and Various Failure Criteria: Including Stress Trajectories and Deviatoric Stress Distributions
Authors: Wang Jihoon , Weijermars Ruud
Published: October 2019

This study presents a new interface for wellbore stability analysis, which visualizes and quantifies the stress condition around a wellbore at shear and tensile failure. In the first part of this study, the Mohr–Coulomb, Mogi–Coulomb, modified Lade and Drucker–Prager shear failure criteria, and a tensile failure criterion, are applied to compare the differences in the critical wellbore pressure for three basin types with Andersonian stress states. Using traditional wellbore stability window plots, the Mohr–Coulomb criterion consistently gives the narrowest safe mud weight window, while the Drucker–Prager criterion yields the widest window. In the second part of this study, a new type of plot is introduced where the safe drilling window specifies the local magnitude and trajectories of the principal deviatoric stresses for the shear and tensile wellbore failure bounds, as determined by dimensionless variables, the Frac number ( F ) and the Bi-axial Stress scalar ( χ ), in combination with failure criteria. The influence of both stress and fracture cages increases with the magnitude of the F values, but reduces with depth. The extensional basin case is more prone to potential wellbore instability induced by circumferential fracture propagation, because fracture cages persists at greater depths than for the compressional and strike-slip basin cases.
Gelating Abilities of Two-Component System of Catecholic Derivatives and a Boronic Acid
Authors: Tsuge Akihiko , Kamoto Ryota , Yakeya Daisuke , Araki Koji
Published: October 2019

In the last two decades, various kinds of the low-molecular-weight organogelators (LMOGs) have been investigated in terms of technological applications in various fields as well as their fundamental scientific properties. The process of gelation is generally considered to arise from immobilization of the solvents in the three-dimensional networks formed by the assembly of gelator molecules through weak intermolecular noncovalent interactions. From these points of view a huge number of organogelators have been developed so far. In the course of our research on LMOGs we have noticed a mixture of two gelators could show a different trend in gelation compared to the single gelator. It is well known that the catecholic moiety easily forms cyclic boronate esters with the boronic acid. Thus, we have investigated the two-component system based on cyclic boronate esters formed by the catechols and a boronic acid in terms of the control of gelation capability. Basic gelation properties of the constituent catecholic gelators have also been clarified. The catecholic gelators with the amide unit form no gel by addition of the boronic acid. In contrast, the catecholic gelators with the glutamic acid moiety improve their gelation abilities by mixing with the boronic acid. Furthermore, the gelation ability of the catecholic gelators having the urea unit is maintained after addition of the boronic acid. It has been found that gelation abilities of the catecholic gelators are highly affected by addition of the boronic acid. In terms of practical applications some gels can be obtained by on-site mixture of two kinds of solutions.
The Impact of Macroeconomic News on Chinese Futures
Authors: Liu Ruobing , Yang Jianhui , Ruan Chuan-Yang
Published: October 2019

Inspired by the GARCH-MIDAS model, we revisit the relationship between Chinese futures and macroeconomic factors. We introduce the level of the macroeconomic variables into the GARCH-MIDAS model in order to test the impact of the macroeconomic level on the variance of futures’ return volatility. Based on the empirical results, we find the level of macroeconomic variables has a significant impact on the volatility of Chinese futures’ return. The influence of the macroeconomic level factor on the futures’ return volatility is statistically significant.
Genome-Wide Identification, Classification, and Expression Analysis of the Hsf Gene Family in Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus)
Authors: Li Wei , Wan Xue-Li , Yu Jia-Yu , Wang Kui-Ling , Zhang Jin
Published: October 2019

Heat shock transcription factors (Hsfs) are a class of important transcription factors (TFs) which play crucial roles in the protection of plants from damages caused by various abiotic stresses. The present study aimed to characterize the Hsf genes in carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus), which is one of the four largest cut flowers worldwide. In this study, a total of 17 non-redundant Hsf genes were identified from the D. caryophyllus genome. Specifically, the gene structure and motifs of each DcaHsf were comprehensively analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis of the DcaHsf family distinctly separated nine class A, seven class B, and one class C Hsf genes. Additionally, promoter analysis indicated that the DcaHsf promoters included various cis-acting elements that were related to stress, hormones, as well as development processes. In addition, cis-elements, such as STRE, MYB, and ABRE binding sites, were identified in the promoters of most DcaHsf genes. According to qRT-PCR data, the expression of DcaHsfs varied in eight tissues and six flowering stages and among different DcaHsfs, even in the same class. Moreover, DcaHsf-A1, A2a, A9a, B2a, B3a revealed their putative involvement in the early flowering stages. The time-course expression profile of DcaHsf during stress responses illustrated that all the DcaHsfs were heat- and drought-responsive, and almost all DcaHsfs were down-regulated by cold, salt, and abscisic acid (ABA) stress. Meanwhile, DcaHsf-A3, A7, A9a, A9b, B3a were primarily up-regulated at an early stage in response to salicylic acid (SA). This study provides an overview of the Hsf gene family in D. caryophyllus and a basis for the breeding of stress-resistant carnation.
Periodic Modification of the Boerdijk–Coxeter Helix (tetrahelix)
Authors: Sadler Garrett , Fang Fang , Clawson Richard , Irwin Klee
Published: October 2019

The Boerdijk–Coxeter helix is a helical structure of tetrahedra which possesses no non-trivial translational or rotational symmetries. In this document, we develop a procedure by which this structure is modified to obtain both translational and rotational (upon projection) symmetries along/about its central axis. We show by construction that a helix can be obtained whose shortest period is any whole number of tetrahedra greater than one except six, while a period of six necessarily entails a shorter period. We give explicit examples of two particular forms related to the pentagonal and icosahedral aggregates of tetrahedra as well as Buckminster Fuller’s “jitterbug transformation”.
Investigation on the Precipitates of IN718 Alloy Fabricated by Selective Laser Melting
Authors: Cao Yu , Bai Pucun , Liu Fei , Hou Xiaohu
Published: October 2019

The microstructure and precipitates of INCONEL 718 alloy (IN718) fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM) are investigated. The matrix is comprised of the elongated γ grains along Z direction, tilting a few degrees. The microstructure mainly consists of a cellular–columnar structure with fine first dendrite arm space of 1–1.5 µm originated from the rapid solidification rate locally. The precipitates of the SLMed IN718 are confirmed to be a significant amount of Laves in the form of irregular bulk distribution, small amount of carbonitride and spherical Al2O3 particles in nanoscale. Some of the carbonitrides grow separately and some of the carbonitrides enwrap the Al2O3 fully or partly, forming the shell structure of the Al2O3–carbonitride. The reheating effect from the following layers to the previous layers have not reached the solid-state transformation temperature of the γ′ and γ″.
Coordination of Leaf Development Across Developmental Axes
Authors: Satterlee James W. , Scanlon Michael J.
Published: October 2019

Leaves are initiated as lateral outgrowths from shoot apical meristems throughout the vegetative life of the plant. To achieve proper developmental patterning, cell-type specification and growth must occur in an organized fashion along the proximodistal (base-to-tip), mediolateral (central-to-edge), and adaxial–abaxial (top-bottom) axes of the developing leaf. Early studies of mutants with defects in patterning along multiple leaf axes suggested that patterning must be coordinated across developmental axes. Decades later, we now recognize that a highly complex and interconnected transcriptional network of patterning genes and hormones underlies leaf development. Here, we review the molecular genetic mechanisms by which leaf development is coordinated across leaf axes. Such coordination likely plays an important role in ensuring the reproducible phenotypic outcomes of leaf morphogenesis.
Estimation and Closed-Loop Control of COG/ZMP in Biped Devices Blending CoP Measures and Kinematic Information
Authors: Menga Giuseppe , Ghirardi Marco
Published: October 2019

The zero moment point ( Z M P ) and the linearized inverted pendulum model linking the Z M P to the center of gravity ( C O G ) have an important role in the control of the postural equilibrium (balance) of biped robots and lower-limb exoskeletons. A solution for balance real time control, closing the loop from the joint actual values of the C O G and Z M P , has been proposed by Choi. However, this approach cannot be practically implemented: While the Z M P actual value is available from the center of pressure ( C o P ) measured under the feet soles, the C O G is not measurable, but it can only be indirectly assessed from the joint-angle measures, the knowledge of the kinematics, and the usually poorly known weight distribution of the links of the chain. Finally, the possible presence of unknown external disturbance forces and the nonlinear, complex nature of the kinematics perturb the simple relationship between the Z M P and C O G in the linearized model. The aim of this paper is to offer, starting from Choi’s model, a practical implementation of closed-loop balance control fusing C o P and joint-angle measures, eliminating possible inconsistencies. In order to achieve this result, we introduce a model of the linearized inverted pendulum for an extended estimation, not only of C O G and Z M P , but also of external disturbances. This model is then used, instead of Choi’s equations, for estimation and balance control, using H ∞ theory. As the C O G information is recovered from the joint-angle measures, the identification of a statistically equivalent serial chain ( S E S C ) linking the C O G to the joint angles is also discussed.
Robust Vehicle Detection and Counting Algorithm Employing a Convolution Neural Network and Optical Flow
Authors: Gomaa Ahmed , Abdelwahab Moataz M. , Abo-Zahhad Mohammed , Minematsu Tsubasa , Taniguchi Rin-ichiro
Published: October 2019

Automatic vehicle detection and counting are considered vital in improving traffic control and management. This work presents an effective algorithm for vehicle detection and counting in complex traffic scenes by combining both convolution neural network (CNN) and the optical flow feature tracking-based methods. In this algorithm, both the detection and tracking procedures have been linked together to get robust feature points that are updated regularly every fixed number of frames. The proposed algorithm detects moving vehicles based on a background subtraction method using CNN. Then, the vehicle’s robust features are refined and clustered by motion feature points analysis using a combined technique between KLT tracker and K-means clustering. Finally, an efficient strategy is presented using the detected and tracked points information to assign each vehicle label with its corresponding one in the vehicle’s trajectories and truly counted it. The proposed method is evaluated on videos representing challenging environments, and the experimental results showed an average detection and counting precision of 96.3% and 96.8%, respectively, which outperforms other existing approaches.
Field Programmable Gate Array-Embedded Platform for Dynamic Muscle Fiber Conduction Velocity Monitoring
Authors: De Venuto Daniela , Mezzina Giovanni
Published: October 2019

This paper proposes a novel architecture of a wearable Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)-based platform to dynamically monitor Muscle Fiber Conduction Velocity (MFCV). The system uses a set of wireless sensors for the detection of muscular activation: four surface electromyography electrodes (EMGs) and two footswitches. The beginning of movement (trigger) is set by sensors (footswitches) detecting the feet position. The MFCV value extraction exploits an iterative algorithm, which compares two 1-bit digitized EMG signals. The EMG electrode positioning is ensured by a dedicated procedure. The architecture is implemented on FPGA board (Altera Cyclone V), which manages an external Bluetooth module for data transmission. The time spent for data elaboration is 63.5 ms ± 0.25 ms, matching real-time requirements. The FPGA-based MFCV estimator has been validated during regular walking and in the fatigue monitoring context. Six healthy subjects contributed to experimental validation. In the gait analysis, the subjects showed MFCV evaluation of about 7.6 m/s ± 0.36 m/s, i.e., <0.1 m/s, a typical value for healthy subjects. Furthermore, in agreement with current research methods in the field, in a fatigue evaluation context, the extracted data showed an MFCV descending trend with the increment of the muscular effort time (Rested: MFCV = 8.51 m/s; Tired: 4.60 m/s).
Cosmological Constant in SUGRA Models with Degenerate Vacua
Authors: Froggatt Colin , Nielsen Holger , Nevzorov Roman , Thomas Anthony
Published: October 2019

The extrapolation of couplings up to the Planck scale within the standard model (SM) indicates that the Higgs effective potential can have two almost degenerate vacua, which were predicted by the multiple point principle (MPP). The application of the MPP to ( N = 1 ) supergravity (SUGRA) implies that the SUGRA scalar potential of the hidden sector possesses at least two exactly degenerate minima. The first minimum is associated with the physical phase in which we live. In the second supersymmetric (SUSY) Minkowski vacuum, the local SUSY may be broken dynamically, inducing a tiny vacuum energy density. In this paper, we consider the no-scale-inspired SUGRA model in which the MPP conditions are fulfilled without any extra fine-tuning at the tree-level. Assuming that at high energies, the couplings in both phases are identical, one can estimate the dark energy density in these vacua. Using the two-loop renormalization group (RG) equations, we find that the measured value of the cosmological constant can be reproduced if the SUSY breaking scale M S in the physical phase is of the order of 100 TeV. The scenario with the Planck scale SUSY breaking is also discussed.
Where are the Women on the whole Scene of Art?
Authors: Terpesheva Dobromira
Published: October 2019

The text offers an analysis of the role of women in art and society today and poses fundamental questions regarding the visibility of female artists in Bulgaria. This study was created in connection with the Women's Artistic Projects Fund, a project of the Bulgarian Women's Fund. The fund aims to act against the under-representation of women in the professional arts and the cultural sector, to give visibility to the creativity of female artists and to increase their access to financial resources.
Omega 3 de origen vegetal una alternativa novedosa para el tratamiento nutricional de la dislipidemia
Authors: Torres Carla
Published: October 2019

Actualmente en nuestro país existe una alta prevalencia de Dislipidemia en la población, la cual se ha asociado al desarrollo de Enfermedades Crónicas No Transmisibles (ECNT), así como al desarrollo de diversas estrategias a nivel de salud pública para tratar dicha problemática, en donde la promoción de una dieta balanceada juega un papel muy importante, la cual debe incluir nutrientes claves para la disminución de los niveles sanguíneos de lípidos, como lo es el Omega 3
Antibacterial and Biofilm Degradation Activity of Extract From Steam Distillation Residue of Zingiberaceae Leaves Against Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Batubara Irmanida , Yunita Dian , Suparto Irma Herawati
Published: October 2019

Zingiberaceae is a family of plant that has been widely used to treat various diseases and as an element of spice in cooking. In this paper, the potential of the extract from the steam distillation residue of Zingiberaceae leaves as antibacterial and biofilm degradation agent was studied and determined against Streptococcus mutans. Five different species of Zingiberaceae, which consisted of Curcuma longa, Curcuma zeodoaria, Curcuma aeruginosa, Zingiber officinale, Zingiber cassumunar were taken for samples and their distillation residues were extracted by soxhlation using 3 different solvents namely n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. The antibacterial and biofilm degradation activity of the assay from each of the samples was determined by the microdilution technique. Among the 15 Zingiberaceae leaves distillation residue extracts, five are categorically active against Streptococcus mutans with their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values being the same with that of chloramphenicol, 15.63 μg/mL. All extracts were found to degrade the biofilm. The methanol extract of C. zeodoaria leaves was found to have the highest antibacterial activity with MIC and MIB vaues of 15.63 ppm and the best to degrade the biofilm with inhibitory concentration 50% (IC50) of 15.33 ppm. The antibacterial and biofilm degradation activities of extracts are not related to the phenolic content and it was suggested that terpenoid such as (-)-zingiberene may have been the active component.
Synthesis and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Sago Waste (Metroxylon sagu) with ZnCl2 Activation and HNO3 Modification
Authors: Allo Yanti Kiding , Sudarmono  , Togibasa Octolia
Published: October 2019

Previous researches have shown that activated carbon could be made from various raw materials which contain lignocellulose. The aims of this research were to synthesis and characterize the activated carbon obtained from lignocellulose contained in sago waste. The synthesis was conducted through multiple stages of dehydration, carbonization, silica extraction with NaOH, activation by ZnCl2 10%, and surface modification using HNO3 65%, successively. From X-ray fluorescence, it was confirmed that treatment with NaOH removed practically all silica content from the sample with only 1 wt% left. The X-ray diffraction patterns showed that the samples have amorphous structures before the modification and started to form exfoliated graphite crystals, as shown by the peaks at 2θ 30.27° and 35.10°. The significant result was obtained from the series of processes of carbonization, extraction, activation, and modification using 1.5 mL of HNO3 (CEA 1.5), which produced nanoporous particles with regular homogeneous shapes in the range of 200 nm in size as shown by scanning electron images. Finally, the infrared spectra from activated and modified samples confirmed that the oxygen-containing groups had increased.
Checking of medical organizations activities: in the development of a scientific apparatus
Authors: Коршевер Натан , Korshever Natan , Цымбал Дмитрий , Cymbal Dmitriy , Помошников Сергей , Pomoshnikov Sergey
Published: October 2019

The purpose of the work is to develop the scientific apparatus of checking of medical organizations activities. Materials and methods. An anonymous survey of 92 experts – health managers – was conducted. Results. Tasks of checking of medical organizations activity are investigated, classifications, stages of its implementation, functions, system of methods, complexity of analyzing various objects, planning, holding a preliminary meeting with involving of an audited, implementation of an integrated assessment, automation, summing up, results. Conclusion. Understanding of scientific apparatus of checking of medical organizations activities was expanded. The materials obtained can be implemented in practice of health care and training of doctors.
Epidemiology and structure of critical obstetric conditions in the UFO depending on the model of perinatal care
Authors: Давыденко Наталья , Davydenko Natal'ya , Башмакова Надежда , Bashmakova Nadezhda , Малыгина Галина , Malygina Galina
Published: October 2019

In the UFO there are different models of perinatal care (MVPN, MNPN, M), which introduced a system of monitoring of cases of maternal mortality. The study of the dependence of the frequency of critical obstetric conditions on the model of perinatal care in the UFO was not revealed, but most clearly shows its advantage of a three-level system of perinatal care in the territory of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous district by reducing the proportion of critical obstetric conditions (from 0.8% to 0.3%) after the completion of the three-level system of perinatal care. With regard to the models of perinatal care organization, the predominance of NM share in the model of MVPN was revealed. In addition, the MVPN model was dominated by all causes of critical obstetric conditions. In this case, bleeding is the leader of the causes at any gestation period. NM monitoring allowed to assess the optimality of the organization of a three-level system of perinatal care for the prevention of critical obstetric conditions.
Aspects of implantation of telehealth technologies to high tech medical care in the area of “cardiovascular surgery»”
Authors: Базылев Владлен , Bazylev Vladlen , Шутов Дмитрий , Shutov Dmitriy , Асташкин Андрей , Astashkin Andrey
Published: October 2019

The article dedicated to issues of implantation of telehealth technologies to high tech medical care in the area of “cardiovascular surgery.” The analysis of already implemented telehealth technologies for remote description and interpretation of the computerized tomography data is conducted. The main issues of telehealth funding are reviewed. The measures for development of the regulatory framework for conducting of the distant consultations are proposed.
THE METHOD OF DETECTING INHOMOGENEITIES AND DEFECTS IN MATERIALS USING SENSORS BASED ON THE FIBER BRAGG OPTIC STRUCTURES
Authors: Zychowicz Łukasz
Published: October 2019

The article presents the possibilities of detecting defect in materials using the fiber Bragg gratings (FBG). Steel belts with a thickness of 1 mm were used for the tests: one standard and the others were damaged. The damage was in the form of incisions. The FBG was glued to the sample with epoxy glue along its entire length and elongation by outside force. Based on the transmission spectrum obtained on the Optical Spectrum Analyzer (OSA) the processing characteristics: the main minimum on the transmission characteristics, total width of the spectrum and the full width at half maximum FWHM depending on the FBG strain was determine.