bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SEIS NUEVAS ESPECIES DE ELEUTHERODACTYLUS DUMERIL & BIBRON, 1841 (AMPHIBIA: LEPTODACTYLIDAE) DEL NORTE DE LA CORDILLERA OCCIDENTAL DE COLOMBIA
Authors: Ruíz-Carranza Pedro M. , D. Lynch John , Ardila-Robayo María Cristina
Published: August 2024

Se nominan y describen seis nuevas especies de Eleutherodactylus de los bosques nublados del norte de la Cordillera Occidental de Colombia. Dos de ellas parecen estrechamente relacionadas con especies encontradas en las laderas amazónicas de los Andes en Colombia y/o Ecuador (una del occidente del departamento de Antioquia es la especie hermana de E.ganonotus y otra de la Serranía de los Paraguas es la especie hermana de E.pugnax). Con la descripción de estas seis especies la fauna del bosque nublado del norte de la Cordillera Occidental comprende 33 especies de Eleutherodactylus, de las cuales 30 son endémicas de Colombia y 21 son endémicas de la Cordillera Occidental de Colombia. Más aún, a elevaciones de 1900-2000m. doce a quince especies de Eleutherodactylus coexisten.
NOVEDADES Y CORRECCIONES DE LA FLORA DE UREDINALES DE COLOMBIA
Authors: Pardo-Cardona Víctor Manuel
Published: August 2024

Se incrementa la información sobre las especies de Uredinales de Colombia al proponer dos nuevas especies para la ciencia, registrar 10 nuevos hospedantes para 5 especies de Uredinales y 3 hospedantes ya conocidos mundialmente pero nuevos para el país. Se hacen algunas correcciones a la Flora uredinológica colombiana. Se determinan a nivel de variedad algunas colecciones colombianas de Puccinia levis.
VICISITUDES DEL POSTULADO EUCLIDEO EN COLOMBIA
Authors: Albis González Víctor Samuel
Published: August 2024

En este ensayo se estudian, en primer lugar, los intentos publicados de demostración del postulado euclídeo de las paralelas hechos en Colombia en el siglo XIX (lndalecio Liévano & Hermógenes Wilson) y las observaciones que contemporáneos les hicieron en su momento. En segundo lugar, se analizan los ensayos de Julio Garavito Armero sobre las geometrías no euclídeas, aparecidos en la segunda década del siglo XX, insistiendo en los aspectos matemáticos de sus razonamientos y su influencia negativa en la aceptación de aquellas en Colombia en la primera mitad de siglo.
DESCRIPTION OF SOME ACCESSORY STRUCTURES OF THE UROGENITAL SYSTEM IN THE NEOTROPICAL FAMILY ASTROBLEPIDAE (PISCES, SILUROIDEI)
Authors: Buitrago-Suárez Uriel Angel , Galvis Germán
Published: August 2024

As a part of a study conceming the general biology of some species of the genus Astroblepus, we report the finding of a urinary bladder and a seminal vesicle in males. We also describe and draw some sexual dimorphic features present in this group.
Revisión Sistemática del Amor de los progenitores y crianza
Authors: Savone Fernando
Published: August 2024

En la presente revisión sistemática se identificó, evaluó e interpretó conjuntos de estudios académicos de diferentes disciplinas relacionados al amor de los progenitores y su influencia en la crianza, para de ese modo conocer cuáles son los aspectos más trabajados y por lo tanto necesidades de investigación que por defecto o ausencia se detecten. Como método que crece en uso por los volúmenes de información científica en aumento permite realizar las búsquedas en etapas para documentar los artículos disponibles sobre el tema del amor sistemáticamente, el cual generó un inventario de documentos derivado del cumplimiento de cada fase que evidencia un tratamiento actualizado y disponible en línea de información junto avances propuestos para alentar la investigación de este tema y sus relaciones.
Transepistemes salvaguardadores de la naturaleza de la vida, devinientes de rupturas a-significantes
Authors: Rodríguez Milagros Elena
Published: August 2024

El objetivo complejo de indagación es sustentar rupturas asignificantes provocadoras de inclusión en los transepistemes de la naturaleza de la vida en el investigar, ¿todo vale en la inclusión? La investigación es rizomática, decolonial planetaria, compleja y transmetódica. En las líneas de investigación: educación-transepistemologías transcomplejas; transepistemologías de los conocimientos-saberes y transmetodologías transcomplejas; Decolonialidad planetaria-complejidad en re-ligaje. En los momentos propositivos se inmersionan rupturas asignificantes que tiene como lema: Todo lo que afecte la naturaleza de la vida es excluyente de la propia vida; pues la alteración trae consecuencias inimaginables que entregan las modificaciones a las no controlables consecuencias.
In Vitro Evaluation of Cytotoxicity Induced by Indoxacarb and its Amelioration with Cassia fistula Bark Extract
Authors: Zarzoliani  , Suresh Kumar Sharma
Published: August 2024

The primary objective of the study is to evaluate the cytotoxic effect and biochemical alteration on exposure to the Indoxacarb (IDC) in the Madin-Darby Bovine Kidney (MDBK) cell line and its amelioration by Ethanolic Bark Extract of Cassia fistula (EBECF). The MTT assay was used to study the cell viability and determine the IC50 value. The cells were further treated with IC25, IC12.5 and IC6.25 values of IDC alone and in combination with EBECF for 24, 48 and 72 hours. IDC-induced cytotoxicity was evident by cellular morphological changes such as rounding of cells, cellular swelling, blebs formation, nuclear degradation, intracytoplasmic changes and loss of intracytoplasmic contents. The biochemical alteration was observed as a significant increase (p<0.05) in the levels of Lipid Peroxidation (LPO) and cytotoxicity marker enzymes namely Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALKP), Acid Phosphatase (ACP) and Creatine Kinase (CK). These changes were dose-dependent in IDC-treated groups. EBECF intervention in IDC-treated cells ameliorated the toxicity against lower concentrations. Thus, the present study suggested that C. fistula bark has the potential to protect the cells from IDC-mediated toxicity to a limited extent.
Effect of Tinospora cordifolia Leaf and Stem Aqueous Extracts on Zidovudine (ZDV) Induced Hematological Changes in Rat Model
Authors: Aswarthagari Harinatha Reddy , Gurajala Nageswari , Cheemanapalli Srinivasulu , Yarrappagaari Suresh , Bada Venkatappa
Published: August 2024

The present study aims to evaluate the protective role of aqueous extracts of stem and leaves of Tinospora cordifolia (AELTC and AESTC) on the hematologic toxicity effects of ZDV in Rats. A Soxhlet extractor was used to prepare separate aqueous extracts of stem and leaf. Twenty-four albino rats (weighing 200-230 g) were separated into four groups. Group I rats were administered distilled water (negative control). Group II rats were administered 500 mg/kg b.w of ZDV (positive control), Group III rats were administered 500 mg/kg b.w. of AELTC along with ZDV, and Group IV rats were administered 500 mg/kg b.w of AESTC along with ZDV. The hematological parameters of the rats were assayed during the 2nd, 4th, 6th, and 8th weeks of treatment. The animals exposed to Zidovudine showed a significant decrease in Red Blood Cells (RBC), Hemoglobin (Hb), White Blood Count (WBC), and platelet count compared to control (Group I). The results of T. cordifolia leaf and stem administered rats showed a significant elevation in RBC, Hb, WBC, and platelets count. Spleen histology showed immunological and hemorrhagic changes with an accumulation of RBCs and severe depletion of lymphocytes in white pulp were observed in ZDV-treated rats. The intake of AELTC and AESTC showed apparent changes in Spleen tissues. These results suggest that AELTC and AESTC stimulate the hematopoietic system, thereby increasing blood cell levels in ZDV-treated rats.
Biomonitoring of Serum Markers as a Measurement of Occupational Exposure in Personnel at Landfill Site
Authors: Fulwani Diya , Gupta Sanjeev Kumar , Chandel Puranjay , Chandel Divya
Published: August 2024

Improper handling and management of municipal solid wastes can produce adverse health effects on waste pickers through biological, chemical, physical, mechanical or psychological means. They are vulnerable to various occupational health hazards such as respiratory disorders, gastrointestinal diseases, skin diseases, eye infections and musculoskeletal disorders. Hence, we aimed to conduct biomonitoring and health risk assessment on women rag pickers. This study included 250 women waste pickers: 160 exposed working on the Pirana dumping site and 90 control subjects from around the residential areas of Ahmedabad city of Gujarat (India). C-reactive protein, Alkaline phosphatase, Alanine transaminase and Aspartate transaminase were significantly high in serum samples of exposed subjects suggesting gallbladder inflammation, acute hepatitis A and B or oxidative stress. After comparing the lipid profile of exposed and control subjects, we found a significant decrease in cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride frequency which is a sign of malnutrition or hyperthyroidism. Random blood sugar, globulin and total serum protein were reduced significantly. In contrast, a significant increase was found in albumin, phosphorus, creatinine, urea and uric acid levels of exposed individuals, which indicates potential disorders of the liver and kidney. Direct exposure to solid waste, agrochemicals, heavy metals, toxic industrial and hospital waste, and toxic air having high concentrations of polyaromatic hydrocarbons and bioaerosols, unhealthy eating and sanitary habits, and negligence towards health were major contributing factors to ill effects on their liver and kidney. We suggest effective education, and communication programs for preventive and protective measures to address problems of rag pickers. The present study emphasizes the need for regular monitoring of contamination among the rag-picking population and areas around the Pirana landfill site for better information on exposure to rag pickers.
Therapeutic Potential of Alcoholic Extract from Lemna minor Linn. in Attenuating Atherosclerosis Induced by High-Fat Diet in Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Yamini B. R. , Sarkar Mayukh , Joshi Kimaya Prashant , Kumar R. Ravi , Kumar Mahesh , Nishanth D. R. , Chandini C. H.
Published: August 2024

This study explored the cardioprotective effects of Alcoholic Extract of Lemna minor Linn. (AELM) against high-fat diet-induced atherosclerosis in male Wistar rats. AELM was administered at doses of 300 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg. Assessments included lipid profiles, oxidative stress markers, cardiac injury enzymes, and liver parameters associated with cholesterol synthesis. Results showed significant reductions in lipid levels, oxidative stress markers, and cardiac injury enzymes, particularly with the higher dose of 800 mg/kg. AELM also lowered the atherogenic index and improved HDLc levels, indicating the potential to mitigate atherosclerosis-related lipid imbalances. Furthermore, AELM exhibited a dose-dependent reduction in the HMG CoA/mevalonate ratio, suggesting inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase activity, crucial in cholesterol synthesis. Molecular docking studies supported AELM’s antiatherosclerotic potential, with leucine demonstrating favourable binding energies with atherosclerosis-associated enzymes. Histopathological analysis revealed structural improvements in rat aortas with AELM treatment. In conclusion, AELM presents promise as a therapeutic agent against atherosclerosis through modulation of lipid metabolism, attenuation of oxidative stress, and inhibition of HMGCoA reductase activity.
Effect of Iron Overload on Tight Junctions and Adhesion Molecules in ECV304 Cells
Authors: Sar Samed Refik , Meric Furkan , Yanik Ilgar Aysegul , Albayrak Irem Gulfem , Arslan Belkis Atasever
Published: August 2024

Blood vessels are essential for the body’s tissues and organs to receive oxygen and nutrition. The Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) is a special feature of the blood arteries that vascularise the Central Nervous System (CNS) which enables these vessels to tightly control the flow of ions and molecules between the blood and the brain. The accurate regulation of CNS homeostasis facilitates appropriate neuronal performance and safeguards neural tissue from toxins and pathogens. Modifications to these barrier characteristics play a significant role in the development of many neurological disorders. BBB contains tight junction transmembrane proteins, integral membrane proteins, occludin, claudins, IgG-type proteins, junction adhesion molecules and scaffold proteins. Numerous biological functions require iron in the CNS, including neurotransmitter synthesis, myelin formation and mitochondrial function. However, excess iron can lead to oxidative stress and damage, which are implicated in neurodegenerative diseases. In this research, the impacts of iron accumulation on Cadherin 5 (CDH5), Claudin 5 (CLDN5), Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM-1), Occludin (OCL), p-selectin (P-SEL), Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (VCAM-1) and Zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) genes expressions in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (ECV 304) cells were investigated. It was found that in human umbilical vein endothelial cell line cells, iron overload enhanced the expression of CDH5 and P-SEL genes while reducing the expression of VCAM1, Cldn5, ICAM-1, OCL, and Zo-1 genes.
Azoxystrobin Induced Changes in the Gill Histoarchitecture, Brain Acetylcholinesterase Activity and the Behavior of the Fish Pethia conchonius from the River Teesta
Authors: Ray Arpita , Dutta Debojit , Ghosh Bappaditya , Bahadur Min
Published: August 2024

Azoxystrobin is a globally used strobilurin fungicide, which contaminates waterbodies through surface run-off. Its bioaccumulation in aquatic animals via food chains can induce serious pathophysiological disturbances. Therefore, histopathological and neuronal effects of azoxystrobin have been assessed in the fish, Pethia conchonius in the laboratory condition. Azoxystrobin-treated fish showed slow movement, crowding at the bottom, loss of equilibrium, and excess mucus secretion at all concentrations (0.025mg/L, 0.0514 mg/L, and 0.103mg/L) at 48 hours of exposure compared to the control. A significant dose and time-dependent inhibition in acetylcholinesterase activity was observed (p<0.05). The highest acetylcholinesterase inhibition (45.45 ± 1.07) was noted for the highest concentration at 96 hours of exposure than the control groups (88.35 ± 0.71). In contrast to the control, different histopathological changes in gill tissues have been observed like, epithelial lifting, lamellar fusion, epithelial hyperplasia, and the curling of secondary lamellae in the azoxystrobin-exposed groups after 24 hours of treatment. The results of this study indicated that azoxystrobin is neurotoxic as well as damaging to gills.
Influence of Processing Techniques on the Saponin Content and Nutritional Quality of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa)
Authors: Kale Priyanka R. , More D. R. , Gaikwad Ganesh P. , Surve V. D. , Bachate Aditi H.
Published: August 2024

Quinoa cultivated primarily for its edible seeds is renowned for its nutritional richness. The study highlights how each method affects quinoa’s nutritional composition and saponin content by comparing different processing techniques. This information is valuable for food processors and manufacturers seeking to optimise their production processes to enhance their nutritional value. The soaking process involved immersing the seeds in sodium bicarbonate and citric acid solution (1% and 2%, respectively) for 6 hours at room temperature then roasting at 800C for 10 min. These pretreated quinoa grains were analyzed for their saponin content and nutritional composition. In raw quinoa grains, the saponin content was measured at 0.64%. After soaking the grains in a 2% citric acid solution, a significant reduction in saponin content to 0.09%. However, roasting the quinoa grains results in a decreased saponin content slightly to 0.62%. The results indicate that soaking in a 2% citric acid solution was particularly effective in reducing the saponin content of quinoa seeds to a desirable level while also eliminating bitterness. Consequently, quinoa seeds treated with a 2% citric acid solution were selected for further nutritional analysis. Significant alterations in the nutritional composition of quinoa were observed as a result of processing. In terms of proximate composition, soaking increased moisture, protein, and ash while decreasing other parameters. Soaking causes an increase in protein content from 15.6% to 16.2%. Conversely, roasting decreased moisture and protein levels while increasing other parameters. The moisture and protein content of roasted quinoa grains were reduced to 6.8% and 14.8%, respectively. Both soaking and roasting processes resulted in elevated mineral content in quinoa seeds. Consequently, soaked and roasted quinoa grains were found to be rich in nutrients, positioning them as valuable sources for enhancing food commercialization.
GC-MS Profiling of Secondary Metabolites in Hexane and Ethyl Acetate Crude Extracts of Red Sea Soft Coral Xenia macrospiculata
Authors: Kasimala Madhubabu , Bollikolla Hari Babu
Published: August 2024

Soft corals are macro-invertebrates found in marine ecosystems. The genus Xenia belongs to the family Xeniidae containing ninety-eight species, rich sources of bioactive natural products including terpenoids, steroids, and fatty acids. The hexane and ethyl acetate solvent extracts of soft coral Xenia macrospiculata Gohar, 1940 (X. macrospiculata) were investigated for the novel chemical constituents using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). Qualitative analysis of soft coral crude extracts has shown various compounds with high and low molecular weights. In the hexane extracts twentyfive compounds were identified including sesquiterpene derivatives (34.61%), steroid derivatives (30.76%), cyclic diterpenes (7.69%), oxygenated terpenes (7.69%), fatty esters (7.69%), mercaptans (3.84%), alcohols (3.84%), and bicyclic monoterpenes (3.84%). In ethyl acetate extract twenty compounds were identified, the major compounds are fatty acid derivatives (28.57%), element type sesquiterpenes (23.80%), steroid derivatives (19.04%), thio compounds (9.52%), alkaloids (4.76%), diterpenes (4.76%), alcohols (4.76%), Fluro-hydrocarbons (4.76%). GC-MS profiling of hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of X. macrospiculata revealed the presence of several potential bioactive compounds. The elemene, azulene, himachalene and aromadendrane sesquiterpenoids are unique compounds reported first in the soft coral X. macrospiculata. The available literature supports that these compounds have potential antioxidant, Tumour Necrosis Factor (TNF) inhibition and cytotoxic activity. Some compounds are used as tasteful natural sweeteners and some of the fatty ester derivatives are potential flavouring agents in food industries.
Customs Laboratories and the Prevention and Detection of Customs Fraud: Two Case Studies
Authors: Mihail Secu
Published: August 2024

Customs fraud poses significant threats to global trade and national economies, demanding advanced solutions. This article delves into the vital role of customs laboratories in combating fraud, emphasizing their function in scrutinizing goods and ensuring compliance. By evaluating various case studies from Moldova’s Customs Laboratory, the research reveals the methods employed to detect fraud, exposing schemes like misclassification and VAT recovery. The findings underscore the need for ongoing investments in technology and international collaboration, highlighting customs laboratories as essential defenders of trade integrity. Policymakers, customs officials, and stakeholders can draw valuable insights from this study to fortify their anti-fraud strategies.
Historical and Methodological Features of Legality as a General Legal Category
Authors:   ssociate Professor of the Department of Fundamental Jurisprudence and International Law, Akhmatov Aleksey V.
Published: August 2024

The paper examines some methodological foundations for the study of legality as a historical and legal phenomenon. It is noted that historically the development of ideas about the state and law did not have an identical and synchronous character in various civilizations and eras of human history, which could not but affect the evolution of ideas about both law and legality. The article reveals the problems of the relationship between the historical and the logical within the framework of the study of legality, incl. the question of the moment in time of the emergence of legality in the context of customary law as the primary source of “proto-legality”. It is argued that multilinearity is an immanent vector of the evolution of legality as a general legal phenomenon, reflecting the connection of law with public consciousness in the context of the dynamics of diverse sociocultural systems. The work describes the mechanism of cognition of the patterns of legality and notes that the pattern of development of legality is the establishment of punishment against the offender by the state as a way of ensuring the rule of law, which can be found in almost any fundamental historical legal monument.
The Mobilization of Labor in the RSFSR During the Civil War (Based on the Materials of the Ilmensky District Office of the Mariinsky Water Transport Administration)
Authors:   Head of the Department of Theory of State and Law of the Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Mitina Svetlana I.
Published: August 2024

The article uncovers the technologies of labor mobilization in Russia during the period of 1920–1921, with a particular focus on the Ilmensky District Office of the Mariinsky Water Transport Administration. It was during this period that the principles of mobilization technologies, which had been applied with varying degrees of intensity throughout the history of the Soviet state, were established as the basis of Soviet labor law.
A different training model in providing effective medical waste management in the operating room: peer education
Authors: Akıncı Ekinci Nuran , Yazar Mehmet Akif , Kozanhan Betül , Uyar Sami
Published: August 2024

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of peer education methods in reducing medical waste in operating room settings.
Methods: A quasi-experimental design was utilized, involving 217 operating room staff who received training in medical waste management through a peer education program. Changes in knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and the amount of medical waste generated before and after the intervention were evaluated.
Results: Following peer education, there was a significant increase in participants' knowledge levels regarding proper medical waste segregation. Positive shifts in attitudes and behaviors related to medical waste management were observed post-training. Additionally, the ratio of medical waste to general waste decreased, while the proportion of recyclable waste increased after the intervention.
Conclusions: Peer education emerges as an effective method for enhancing awareness and promoting proper medical waste management practices among operating room staff. However, achieving significant waste reduction requires comprehensive approaches beyond education alone. Clear regulations, improved infrastructure, and the adoption of reusable products are crucial for sustainable waste reduction efforts in healthcare settings.
Breathing disorders during sleep in children with Prader-Willy syndrome
Authors: Borodin A. V. , Skobina A. I. , Todieva A. M. , Artamonova I. N. , Petrova N. A.
Published: August 2024

Prader-Willi syndrome is the most common genetic disease causing life-threatening obesity in childhood, the pathogenesis of which is based on hypothalamic dysfunction. These children are at risk for developing a full range of sleep disorders, including sleep-related breathing disorders. The article presents a series of observations of children of different ages with Prader-Willi syndrome and various types of sleep breathing disorders, describes the possibilities of correction and their limitations.
Buen Trato en la Escuela: un Análisis desde la Percepción de Docentes Mexicanos de Secundaria
Authors: Orozco-Solis Mercedes Gabriela , Ruvalcaba-Romero Norma Alicia , Bravo-Andrade Hector Ruben , Colunga-Rodríguez Cecilia , Vazquez-Colunga Julio Cesar
Published: August 2024

El buen trato es una competencia social orientada a la generación de bienestar por medio de la expresión de afectos positivos, amabilidad y consideración. El objetivo del presente artículo fue analizar la percepción de los componentes que forman parte del buen trato en la escuela desde la perspectiva de docentes de secundaria. Se utilizó técnica de grupos focales, participaron 25 docentes de secundaria del Área Metropolitana de Guadalajara. Los datos fueron sometidos a análisis de contenido en el programa MAXQDA 18. En el proceso de codificación y clasificación se construyeron cinco categorías: buen trato recibido, buen trato entre docentes, consideración, amabilidad y buen trato autogenerado. Los hallazgos indican que un ambiente de colaboración y reciprocidad entre compañeros docentes contribuye al buen trato. Se destaca también la relevancia de la percepción de apoyo del personal directivo y del reconocimiento al trabajo docente por parte de estudiantes. Se concluye que la percepción del buen trato en el trabajo, se configura a partir de componentes interpersonales derivados de la interacción con alumnos, compañeros y superiores.
Taxation of Fisheries in Kenya: Neither Improving Management nor Raising Revenue?
Authors: Occhiali Giovanni , Okello Olivia
Published: August 2024

The Kenyan government believes fisheries have significant potential for development. Yet their development faces many challenges – some of which are connected to a lack of the data needed to ensure their effective management. We do not, for example, have reliable information on the total annual catch. It is therefore impossible to establish whether the existing system of levies and charges is broadly right from the perspective of revenue collection and long-term sustainability of fisheries. This study uses a review of guiding legal documents, in-depth interviews, and analysis of data on domestic taxes collected by the Kenya Revenue Authority. We conclude that the current taxation of fisheries in Kenya does not contribute to either their effective management or generating revenue. This is due to a combination of: (a) a fragmented regulatory and legislative environment, leading to unclear institutional mandates; (b) the inappropriate use of levies and charges purely to raise revenue rather than to ensure sustainable harvests; (c) little attention to sector compliance with general tax obligations, including registration, filing, and payment of taxes such as income tax or value added tax (VAT). These problems are deep-rooted, and connected to the existing legal, institutional, and operational framework. There are some immediate policy steps that could be taken to realise more of the potential for development of the sector. These include ensuring better coordination between national and county-level governments and institutions, and focusing efforts to enforce tax collection on the richest actors in the value chain.
Is Bullying a Moral Disability? Identification of Bullying Behavior In Kindergarten
Authors: Uswatun Nisa
Published: August 2024

Fenomena perundungan merupakan isu krusial yang kerap mewarnai keseharian anak di lingkungan sekolah. Bullying tidak hanya terjadi pada jenjang sekolah dasar dan menengah, namun umumnya sudah dapat diidentifikasi keberadaannya sejak anak mengenyam pendidikan usia dini. Pemahaman terhadap perilaku dan tindakan bullying yang dilakukan anak baik sebagai aktor maupun korban memerlukan penanganan yang serius. Anak berada pada fase perkembangan kognitif awal dan moral dilemma sehingga menyebabkan bullying sebagai peristiwa yang alamiah terjadi sehari-hari. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologis untuk menggali narasi perilaku bullying pada anak usia dini di 16 sekolah taman kanak-kanak yang tersebar di wilayah Kalimantan. Melalui pemerolehan data informan para tenaga pendidik di sekolah didapati bahwa tindakan bullying lazimnya terjadi dalam bentuk fisik, verbal dan relasional. Perbedaan gender antara anak laki-laki dan perempuan turut mempengaruhi kecenderungan bentuk bullying. Upaya mekanisme guru untuk mengatasi bullying dilakukan dalam banyak strategi yang berfokus baik terhadap pelaku, target dan penengah.M
Peran BAZNAS Sumatera Selatan dalam Menghadapi Dampak Pandemi COVID-19 di Kota Palembang
Authors: Akbar Syarif Ali , Junaidi Heri , Amri Ulil , Atika Atika
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan peran BAZNAS Sumatera Selatan dalam menghadapi dampak pandemi Covid-19 di Kota Palembang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa BAZNAS Provinsi Sumatera Selatan telah melaksanakan pendistribusian dana zakat untuk membantu menanggulangi dampak Pandemi COVID-19. Meskipun dalam pelaksanaannya masih terhambat oleh prasarana yang kurang mendukung. Dalam pelaksanaannya, BAZNAS membagi menjadi dua jenis distribusi, yaitu konsumtif dan produktif.
passos lentos
Authors: Alves Michely da Silva , Bueno Thaísa Cristina
Published: August 2024

Este trabalho tem por objetivo delinear o cenário das pesquisas científicas sobre jornalistas negras e/ou jornalistas mulheres na mídia, agrupando o contexto de gênero e raça nos espaços midiáticos, como principal ponto de referência investigativa. Propõe-se ainda ser uma atualização/continuidade das discussões propostas por Tomazetti, que investigou as dissidências genealógicas sobre os estudos de gênero no campo da comunicação no qual verificamos não abranger, especificamente, jornalistas (sob a ótica de gênero e raça), mas atenta-se para novas problematizações. Por esse motivo, sucedeu-se um breve levantamento das pesquisas desenvolvidas em teses e dissertações em Programas de Pós-Graduação em Comunicação e Jornalismo, entre os anos de 2015 e 2023 no Brasil. Os dados foram coletados no Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES e na Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações. Para os devidos fins, empregamos o método da Análise de Conteúdo, a partir das orientações de Bardin, que visa obter, categoricamente, a descrição do conteúdo e a exploração do material a ser analisado. Constata-se a presença de quatro teses e dezesseis dissertações que se aproximam do objetivo proposto. Em suma, verificou-se que pesquisas sobre jornalistas mulheres ainda estão ratificadas em torno do objeto analítico apenas do gênero. Concluímos que apenas uma pesquisa, defendida no mestrado profissional em jornalismo da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, analisa, de fato, jornalistas negras na mídia, sem a conjuntura somente do gênero ou apenas da raça. Patenteia-se, por assim dizer, a urgência acerca deste objeto nas pesquisas de pós-graduação no país.
Índice de vulnerabilidad del sector salud en México: La infraestructura hospitalaria ante la COVID-19
Authors: Olivera Villarroel Marcelo
Published: August 2024

El presente artículo busca identificar a nivel municipal la cobertura hospitalaria, desde el análisis de la infraestructura y el personal disponibles y sus posibilidades de expansión para evitar la sobretensión en la capacidad hospitalaria ante el incremento de la demanda de cuidados críticos por la pandemia de COVID-19 en México. Mediante el método de descomposición de Shapley se construye un índice que permite identificar a los municipios más vulnerables en el sector de salud; a su vez posibilita desarrollar medidas de mitigación que se podrían emplear para absorber los impactos de esta contingencia; y de esta forma ayudar a los municipios a fortalecer sus niveles de resiliencia sanitaria. Entre los principales resultados se destaca que los municipios que presentan una mayor capacidad de resiliencia ante la pandemia, en su mayoría son primero los municipios capitales. Otro hallazgo importante es que, por las características socio económicas del país, los municipios de la región sur oeste (Oaxaca, Guerrero y Puebla); de la sierra Tarahumara (Chihuahua) y la Huasteca (San Luis de Potosí, Querétaro e Hidalgo) son los que presentan un alto índice de vulnerabilidad al no contar con los recursos sanitarios suficientes y por tener una gran proporción de población sensible a la pandemia. Esta vulnerabilidad se agrava si se identifica los recursos específicos para enfermedades respiratorias, estos resultados muestran la importancia de generar políticas de protección a estos municipios.
Acceso a servicios de salud en pacientes con tuberculosis en Cuba. La percepción de directivos
Authors: León Cabrera Pablo , Garcias Milian Ana Julia , Pría Barros 2María del Carmen , Perdomo Victoria Irene , Galindo Reymon Kenia , Figueredo Medina Yusimi
Published: August 2024

Objective: to investigate direct perceptions of access to health services in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Methodo: descriptive research with a qualitative approach, in key informants selected intentionally not randomly based on relevant inclusion criteria. The Heads of the Prevention and Control Program for Pulmonary Tuberculosis and HIV / AIDS, at the national and provincial level, were selected. An interview guide was developed and validated by experts, with aspects of access to health services. This was done in optimal conditions and your consent to record was requested. The analysis of information content was organized according to Bardin's methodology, pre-analysis, exploration of the material and treatment of the results and interpretation. Results: There were perceptions by managers of alterations in the dynamics of care, opportunity and its continuity, education to the community and coworkers, involvement of population groups with social indiscipline, existence of social stigmas towards the disease, low participation of the sectors of the community to solve their difficulties, impossibility of always assuming food and transportation, the quality of human resources and program management. Conclusions: The directors of the tuberculosis prevention and control program perceived that there are difficulties in the availability, accessibility, acceptability and quality of health services in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, these identified elements can contribute to the redesign of the strategy of Elimination of the disease in Havana.
Hubungan Eating Behavior dan Sedentary Lifestyle dengan Status Gizi Lebih pada Remaja Fase Awal
Authors: Hasanah Silvi Saffanatul
Published: August 2024

Latar Belakang: Gizi lebih menjadi salah satu tantangan kesehatan masyarakat yang serius serta memiliki dampak negatif yang dapat menurunkan kualitas hidup. Remaja dengan gizi lebih berisiko mengalami masalah berat badan ketika dewasa. Eating behavior dan sedentary lifestyle merupakan perilaku yang berhubungan erat dengan gizi lebih pada remaja karena dapat mempengaruhi keseimbangan energi di dalam tubuh.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan eating behavior dan sedentary lifestyle dengan status gizi lebih pada remaja fase awal.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan besar sampel sebanyak 85 siswa-siswi MTsN 5 Nganjuk. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode stratified random sampling. Data diambil secara langsung, meliputi data karakteristik responden, pengisian kuesioner Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire, Adolescent Sedentary Activity Questionnaire, dan pengukuran antropometri. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji Korelasi Spearman.
Hasil: Sebagian besar responden adalah perempuan (56,5%) dalam rentang usia 13-15 tahun. Sebanyak 65,9% responden memiliki risiko gizi lebih sebagai faktor genetik akibat riwayat kegemukan pada orang tuanya. Mayoritas kecenderungan perilaku makan pada responden adalah external eating (82,4%). Sebagian besar responden memilliki aktivitas sedentary yang tinggi (82,4%). Sejumlah 34,1% responden mengalami gizi lebih. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara perilaku emotional eating (p=0,213) dan external eating (p=0,508) dengan gizi lebih. Namun, terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara perilaku restraint eating (p=0,030) dan sedentary lifestyle (p=0,047) dengan gizi lebih pada remaja fase awal.
Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan antara perilaku emotional eating dan external eating dengan status gizi lebih pada remaja fase awal. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara perilaku restraint eating dan sedentary lifestyle dengan status gizi lebih pada remaja fase awal. Perlu adanya peningkatan awareness terhadap kejadian gizi lebih, pengaturan asupan makan melalui pemeliharaan perilaku makan yang baik, dan menurunkan tingkat sedentary lifestyle untuk meningkatkan derajat kesehatan pada kelompok usia remaja fase awal.
Correlation between Knowledge and Attitudes on Arsenic Contamination among Blood Clam (Anadara granosa) Sellers at Traditional Markets in North Surabaya
Authors: Kusuma Ardyanisa Raihan , Hasanah Nur , Mahmudiono Trias
Published: August 2024

Background: Indonesia, with its vast coastline, has become a major exporter of seafood products, including clams, generating millions of dollars in revenue. However, clams are frequently associated with foodborne illnesses, due to the presence of hazardous marine pollutants like arsenic.
Objective: This research examines the connection between the knowledge and attitudes of sellers, regarding arsenic contamination in blood clams sold at traditional markets in North Surabaya.
Method: The study employed a cross-sectional method, collecting primary data through direct interviews and questionnaires from 35 blood clam sellers in North Surabaya, as well as secondary data from previous studies.
Results: The data were analyzed using the chi-square test, which indicated that there is / was no significant correlation between the sellers' knowledge and attitudes (p > 0.001).
Conclusion: Consequently, it can be concluded that there is a lack of association between the sellers' knowledge and attitudes toward arsenic contamination in blood clams sold at traditional markets in North Surabaya, as evidenced by the high attitude scores (related to healthy practices) but low knowledge scores in the questionnaire.
Aktivitas Fisik dengan Status Gizi Remaja di SMP Negeri 25 Surabaya
Authors: Rochmah Aulia , Nadhiroh Siti Rahayu
Published: August 2024

Latar Belakang: Aktivitas fisik ialah suatu tindakan yang dilakukan oleh individu mulai dari bangun tidur sampai kembali istirahat. Aktivitas Fisik merupakan suatu hal yang sangat penting supaya dapat menjaga kesehatan tubuh dan berat badan ideal. Peningkatan tingkat hidup dan kemajuan teknologi telah memicu perubahan dalam cara hidup atau pola kebiaasan  hidup. Adanya budaya kekinian dengan dukungan inovasi terkini dapat menyebabkan berkurangnya menurunnya aktivitas fisik. Kurang aktivitas fisik dapat memicu resiko peningkatan nilai IMT (Indeks Massa Tubuh). Untuk memastikan bahwa remaja mencapai berat badan yang ideal dan mempertahankan kondisi kesehatan fisik, sangat penting bagi mereka untuk meningkatkan tingkat aktivitas fisik.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk megetahui hubungan aktivitas fisik dengan status gizi remaja di SMP Negeri 25 Surabaya
Metode: Jenis penelitian ini bersifat observasional dengan desain studi review cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian ini sebanyak 80 responden. Analisis data pada penelitian ini terdiri dari univariat dan bivariat dengan menggunakan Chi-Square
Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan kalau 42,5% siswa berstatus gizi normal dan 77,5% siswa melakukan aktivitas fisik ringan. Berdasarkan analisis bivariat diketahui terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara aktivitas fisik dengan status gizi remaja di SMP Negeri 25 Surabaya (p-value = 0,008).
Kesimpulan: Adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara aktivitas fisik dengan status gizi remaja di SMP Negeri 25 Surabaya. Disarankan agar melakukan pengukuran dan penimbangan berat badan setiap minggu oleh petugas yang terlatih untuk dapat memantau status gizi masing-masing dan melakukan aktivitas fisik secara rutin.
Pengaruh Sosio Budaya dalam Pemberian ASI Eksklusif dan MP-ASI Dini Dikaitkan dengan Status Gizi pada Anak Usia 6-23 Bulan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Banyuanyar Kabupaten Sampang
Authors: Fadilah Annisa Nur , Sumarmi Sri
Published: August 2024

Latar Belakang: Masalah status gizi anak dapat timbul akibat faktor-faktor yang berhubungan satu dengan yang lainnya. Faktor utama yang menyebabkan masalah gizi pada balita adalah kurangnya kesadaran terhadap pentingnya asupan gizi yang cukup bagi anak. Berdasarkan sumber data dari Elektronik Pencatatan dan Pelaporan Gizi Berbasis Masyarakat (ePPGBM) Profil Kesehatan 2021 Jawa Timur, balita di Kabupaten Sampang mengalami gizi kurang sebanyak 4.646 orang, balita stunting sebanyak 2.425 orang, dan balita kurus sebanyak 1.609 orang.
Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh sosio budaya pemberian air susu ibu (ASI) eksklusif dan makanan pendamping ASI (MP-ASI) dini terhadap status gizi anak usia 6-23 bulan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Banyuanyar, Kabupaten Sampang.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan menggunakan studi cross sectional. Jumlah sampel yang akan digunakan pada penelitian ini menggunakan 100 responden ibu dengan anak berusia 6-23 bulan. Pemilihan sampel dengan teknik multistage random sampling. Data yang dimiliki diuji dengan chi square, Fisher’s Exact serta regresi logistik
Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini yaitu tidak ada pengaruh sosio budaya masa kehamilan dengan pemberian ASI eksklusif (p=1,000), sosio budaya pasca persalinan dengan pemberian ASI eksklusif oleh ibu (p=0,226), sosio budaya semasa menyusui pada pemberian ASI eksklusif (p=0,732). Tidak ada pengaruh pada sosio budaya terhadap pemberian MP-ASI dini (p-value pemberian madu=0,142, p-value pemberian susu formula=0,185, p-value pemberian pisang=0,298, p-value pemberian kelapa muda=0,135, p-value pemberian air tajin=0,142, p-value pemberian nasi tim=0,809, p-value pemberian tepung maizena=0,380, p-value pemberian lontong=0,135, p-value pemberian bubur instan=0,285, p-value pemberian puree buah=0,135, pantangan ikan laut terlalu banyak=0,529), dan tidak ada pengaruh dalam pemberian ASI eksklusif terhadap status gizi anak (p-value indeks BB/U=0,182, p-value indeks PB/U=0,931, p-value indeks BB/PB=0,717) dan MP-ASI dini terhadap status gizi pada anak (p-value indeks BB/U=0,482, p-value indeks PB/U=0,134, p-value indeks BB/PB=0,541).
Kesimpulan: Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah tidak adanya pengaruh sosio budaya dalam pemberian ASI eksklusif dan MP-ASI dini terkait status gizi anak berusia 6- 23 bulan di wilayah kerja dari Puskesmas Banyuanyar Kabupaten Sampang.
Hubungan Ketahanan Pangan dan Keragaman Pangan dengan Kejadian Stunting Balita Usia 24-59 Bulan
Authors: Mumtaza Maris
Published: August 2024

Latar Belakang: Stunting didefinisikan sebagai gangguan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan pada anak disebabkan karena kurang gizi kronis, infeksi berulang, dan stimulasi psikologis yang kurang. Dampak jangka pendek yang disebabkan oleh stunting dapat berupa gangguan terhadap pertumbuhan fisik, perkembangan otak dan kecerdasan, serta metabolisme tubuh, sedangkan dampak jangka panjang yang dapat terjadi akibat stunting adalah menurunnya performa belajar, produktivitas, dan kapasitas kerja. Kondisi ketahanan pangan rumah tangga dan kerawanan pangan balita berkaitan erat dengan kejadian stunting pada balita.
Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan ketahanan pangan rumah tangga dan keragaman pangan balita dengan kejadian stunting balita usia 24-59 bulan.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain case control dengan sampel sebanyak 28 balita untuk masing-masing kelompok (kasus dan kontrol). Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sambeng. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi karakteristik balita, karakteristik orang tua, ketahanan pangan rumah tangga, dan keragaman pangan balita melalui pengukuran secara langsung dan wawancara menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis statistik dilakukan dengan cara Uji Chi-square dan Korelasi Spearman
Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada kelompok stunting sebagian besar termasuk rawan pangan dengan kelaparan sedang (53,6%) dan konsumsi pangan tidak beragam (64,3%). Uji statistik yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara ketahanan pangan rumah tangga (p=0,001), keragaman pangan balita (p=0,016).
Kesimpulan: Ketahanan pangan rumah tangga dan keragaman pangan balita berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting. Kondisi rawan pangan dalam rumah tangga meningkatkan kejadian stunting pada balita.
Lumbar artery perforator free flaps for breast reconstruction
Authors: Fisher Marlie H. , Greenspun David T.
Published: August 2024

Despite its technical complexity, the lumbar artery perforator (LAP) flap remains a valuable asset in the realm of autologous breast reconstruction, providing an option for patients who may not be suitable candidates for abdominal flaps. The LAP flap offers dimensions and volume suitable for recreating a natural breast shape, including a sloping upper pole and optimal projection in the lower third. Harvesting LAP flaps can also lead to simultaneous improvement in body contour by lifting the buttocks and narrowing the waist, following the principles of aesthetic body lift procedures.
On the thermal expansion of the tetragonal phase of MAPbI3 and MAPbBr3
Authors: Schuck Götz , Többens Daniel M. , Schorr Susan
Published: August 2024

Based on previously published research, the structural response of the tetragonal hybrid perovskite crystal structure of MAPbX3 [MA: [CH3NH3]+, methylammonium; X = I, Br] to thermal expansion is reviewed here. From an averaged crystal structure perspective, the tetragonal perovskite structure of MAPbI3 and MAPbBr3, based on diffraction data, shows apparent Pb-X bond length shortening and apparent shrinkage of the [PbX6] octahedra with increasing temperature. At the same time, these apparent observations, and hence the thermal expansion, are related to the progressive phase transformation towards the cubic structure, as the lattice parameters respond to a shear stress that couples to the order parameters, and this coupling is predicted by group theory and thus aims to explain precisely the apparent negative thermal expansion-like effects. A different picture emerges for the thermal expansion when considering the very localized structure, since neither a shortening of the Pb-X bond lengths nor a shrinking of the [PbX6] octahedra is observed with pair distribution function analysis, and the presence of orthorhombic short-range order in the tetragonal and cubic perovskite structures is assumed in published studies. The compared extended X-ray absorption fine structure studies, which also map the local structure and provide the “true” bond distance, show no lead-halide bond length shortening with temperature. The perpendicular mean square relative displacement has been determined. Therefore, a comparison of the tension and bond expansion effects in both perovskites can be made. In the orthorhombic phase of MAPbI3 and MAPbBr3, positive expansion and negative tension of the lead-halide bond are almost balanced. After transitioning to the tetragonal phase, the equilibrium shifts toward negative tension. This suggests that both hybrid perovskites have tighter lead-halide bonds and less rigid [PbX6] octahedra in the tetragonal phase than in the low temperature perovskite crystal structure.