Regional peculiarities of modern crime of particular gravity (from the Far Eastern Federal District)
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Stone Elena M. ,   Northeastern State University
Published: February 2023

In order to analyze the regional peculiarities of modern crime of particular gravity in the Far Eastern Federal District, we studied 321 criminal case files on crimes committed in the Far Eastern Federal District over the past five years, statistical data from the State Institute of Statistics and Analysis of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Judicial Department under the Russian Supreme Court, and so on. In the structure of especially grave crimes registered in the FEFD, the largest share in the total number of registered especially grave crimes was taken by crimes against persons -47.8%. These are mainly crimes covered by part 1 of article 105 of the Criminal Code and part 4 of article 111 of the Criminal Code (82.4% in the RF and 92.3% in the FEFD among crimes against life and health). The level of corruption-related crime is also one of the peculiarities of especially serious crime in the Far Eastern Federal District. Crimes under part 4 of article 291.1 (Mediation in Bribery) in the Far Eastern Federal District were twice as high as the share in the structure of crimes of particular gravity against the interests of the Russian Federation state service. The rate of deaths from criminal offences of special gravity in the Far Eastern Federal District in 2016 - 2020 is almost two and a half times higher than in Russia as a whole. And in 2018 - 2020, it is almost three times higher than the national figures. The education level of perpetrators of especially grave crimes is lower in the Far Eastern Federal District than in Russia as a whole; the higher education level of perpetrators of crimes of particular gravity in the Far Eastern Federal District contributes to a shift in emphasis from the violent to acquisitive nature of crimes. There is a regional peculiarity in the structure of crime of particular gravity, which can be seen in the high proportion of especially grave crimes committed by persons under the influence of alcohol. The high level of alcoholism and drug addiction in the FEFD is due to a combination of factors: the ethnic composition of the population, harsh climatic conditions, the availability of raw materials, a worsening socio-economic situation, and an increase in the depressive mood of the population. Taken together, these factors have led to an increased propensity to consume alcohol, and as a consequence, a high level of criminality. There are also shortcomings in the institutional framework of the fight against crime. There is a regional peculiarity in the structure of crime of particular gravity, with a high proportion of especially grave crimes committed by persons who have previously committed crimes. There is also a regional peculiarity of social and psychological determinants of crime of particular gravity in the Far Eastern Federal District - a high concentration of alcohol abusers. Having studied the regional peculiarities of modern crime of particular gravity (based on materials from the FEFD), we conclude that further research is needed to form a set of measures to prevent it.