bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Accurate plant species analysis for plant classification using convolutional neural network architecture
Authors: Patil Savitha , Sasikala Mungamuri
Published: November 2023

Recently, plant identification has become an active trend due to encouraging results achieved in plant species detection and plant classification fields among numerous available plants using deep learning methods. Therefore, plant classification analysis is performed in this work to address the problem of accurate plant species detection in the presence of multiple leaves together, flowers, and noise. Thus, a convolutional neural network based deep feature learning and classification (CNN-DFLC) model is designed to analyze patterns of plant leaves and perform classification using generated fine-grained feature weights. The proposed CNN-DFLC model precisely estimates which the given image belongs to which plant species. Several layers and blocks are utilized to design the proposed CNN-DFLC model. Fine-grained feature weights are obtained using convolutional and pooling layers. The obtained feature maps in training are utilized to predict labels and model performance is tested on the Vietnam plant image (VPN-200) dataset. This dataset consists of a total number of 20,000 images and testing results are achieved in terms of classification accuracy, precision, recall, and other performance metrics. The mean classification accuracy obtained using the proposed CNN-DFLC model is 96.42% considering all 200 classes from the VPN-200 dataset.
AnoMalNet: outlier detection based malaria cell image classification method leveraging deep autoencoder
Authors: Huq Aminul , Reza Md Tanzim , Hossain Shahriar , Dipto Shakib Mahmud
Published: November 2023

Class imbalance is a pervasive issue in the field of disease classification from medical images. It is necessary to balance out the class distribution while training a model. However, in the case of rare medical diseases, images from affected patients are much harder to come by compared to images from non-affected patients, resulting in unwanted class imbalance. Various processes of tackling class imbalance issues have been explored so far, each having its fair share of drawbacks. In this research, we propose an outlier detection based image classification technique which can handle even the most extreme case of class imbalance. We have utilized a dataset of malaria parasitized and uninfected cells. An autoencoder model titled AnoMalNet is trained with only the uninfected cell images at the beginning and then used to classify both the affected and non-affected cell images by thresholding a loss value. We have achieved an accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score of 98.49%, 97.07%, 100%, and 98.52% respectively, performing better than large deep learning models and other published works. As our proposed approach can provide competitive results without needing the disease-positive samples during training, it should prove to be useful in binary disease classification on imbalanced datasets.
An approach to diagnosis of prostate cancer using fuzzy logic
Authors: Rawat Meena , Pathak Pooja , Vats Pooja
Published: November 2023

Early diagnosis of cancers is a major requirement for patients and a complicated job for the oncologist. If it is diagnosed early, it could have made the patient more likely to live. For a few decades, fuzzy logic emerged as an emphatic technique in the identification of diseases like different types of cancers. The recognition of cancer diseases mostly operated with inexactness, inaccuracy, and vagueness. This paper aims to design the fuzzy expert system (FES) and its implementation for the detection of prostate cancer. Specifically, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), prostate volume (PV), age, and percentage free PSA (%FPSA) are used to determine prostate cancer risk (PCR), while PCR serves as an output parameter. Mamdani fuzzy inference method is used to calculate a range of PCR. The system provides a scale of risk of prostate cancer and clears the path for the oncologist to determine whether their patients need a biopsy. This system is fast as it requires minimum calculation and hence comparatively less time which reduces mortality and morbidity and is more reliable than other economic systems and can be frequently used by doctors.
Affordable digital electronics for building a hybrid dynamic marker structure with infrared illumination light patterns
Authors: Serrano-Pérez Edgar , Soberanes-Martín Anabelem
Published: November 2023

This work deals with the integration of low-cost electronic devices that were integrated into constructing a dynamic maker that allows the triggering of augmented reality events. A hybrid structure was developed to combine the most favorable aspects of fiducial markers and dynamic markers. The lighting infrared patterns are effectively modifiable through the programming of an ESP8266 microcontroller card. To test the system, an infrared lighting pattern generated was detected through a digital camera, and an augmented reality application was implemented using a web page for displaying text. Electronic shift registers were used for the temporal storage of the infrared illumination pattern. The infrared illumination marker can’t be detected by human eyes, but it is easily recognized due to the inner black square shape embedded into a white wooden structure.
C4O: chain-based cooperative clustering using coati optimization algorithm in WSN
Authors: Singh Preet Kamal , Singh Harmeet , Kaur Jaspreet
Published: November 2023

In order to provide sensing services to low-powered IoT devices, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) organize specialized transducers into networks. Energy usage is one of the most important design concerns in WSN because it is very hard to replace or recharge the batteries in sensor nodes. For an energy-constrained network, the clustering technique is crucial in preserving battery life. By strategically selecting a cluster head (CH), a network's load can be balanced, resulting in decreased energy usage and extended system life. Although clustering has been predominantly used in the literature, the concept of chain-based clustering has not yet been explored. As a result, in this paper, we employ a chain-based clustering architecture for data dissemination in the network. Furthermore, for CH selection, we employ the coati optimisation algorithm, which was recently proposed and has demonstrated significant improvement over other optimization algorithms. In this method, the parameters considered for selecting the CH are energy, node density, distance, and the network’s average energy. The simulation results show tremendous improvement over the competitive cluster-based routing algorithms in the context of network lifetime, stability period (first node dead), transmission rate, and the network's power reserves.
Biokimia Membran
Authors: Safitri Anna , Srihardyastutie Arie
Published: November 2023

Membran sel memiliki fungsi yang sangat penting yaitu membentuk sel, melindungi sel dari serangan luar, dan membentuk enzim yang berguna dalam reaksi metabolisme. Buku ini memiliki 8 bab. Bab 1 berisi tentang tentang organel atau bagian sel dan setiap organel dilindungi oleh pembungkus atau membran sel. Bab 2 dijelaskan tentang struktur, fungsi, dan sifat-sifat membran biologi. Bab 3 berisi tentang sistem transportasi pasif, jenis-jenis transportasi pasif yaitu proses difusi sederhana, terfasilitasi, dan osmosis. Dilanjutkan dengan protein yang berperan dalam sistem transportasi pasif, dan jenis saluran kanal ion. Bab 4 berisi tentang sistem transportasi aktif yang meliputi transportasi aktif primer dan sekunder dan ditutup dengan jenis-jenis transportasi aktif melalui mekanisme pompa. Bab 5 berisi tentang interaksi ion logam dengan protein dalam sistem komunikasi sel yang menjelaskan pengertiannya, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan interaksi ion logam melalui pelarut. Bab 6 berisi tentang pengertian sistem komunikasi antar sel, model pensinyalan dalam komunikasi antar sel: autokrin, parakrin, endokrin. Bab 7 berisi tentang sistem komunikasi sel dalam sistem imun dan interleukin dalam sistem imun. Bab 8 berisi tentang sistem komunikasi sel dalam sistem saraf, senyawa-senyawa neurotransmitter dalam sistem saraf, reseptor dalam sistem saraf, dan gangguan dalam pensinyalan sel dalam sistem saraf. Setiap bab pada buku ajar ini dilengkapi dengan latihan soal. Buku Biokimia Membran ini dapat memudahkan pembaca dalam memahami tentang biokimia dari membran sel; dapat dijadikan rujukan bagi mahasiswa, dosen, dan peneliti tentang perkembangan ilmu biokimia membran.
Olhar-se e Tocar-se, Olhar e Tocar, Ser Olhado e Ser Tocado: subversão das categorias binárias em "Mulher no Espelho", de Helena Parente Cunha e "Las Ninfas a Veces Sonríen", de Ana Clavel
Authors: Silva Ana Paula Magalhaes da
Published: November 2023

Mulher no Espelho (HELENA PARENTE CUNHA, 1985) e Las Ninfas a Veces Sonríen (ANA CLAVEL, 2013) são obras que, apesar de apresentarem grandes diferenças temáticas e formais e pertencerem a contextos sócio-históricos particulares, contêm afinidades significativas que permitem uma frutífera leitura comparativa. Primeiramente, pelo fato de que ambas fragmentam tanto a narrativa quanto o sujeito autobiográfico, pilares da ficção autobiográfica, subgênero literário o qual esses romances adotam ao mesmo tempo que subvertem. Em segundo lugar, pelo destaque que ambas as narrativas dão aos episódios de autoerotismo, os quais vêm ora acompanhados de ora precedidos por cenas autocontemplativas em frente ao espelho, cenas as quais interpreto aqui como alegorias da fragmentação do sujeito e da forma narrativa mencionada acima. Dito isso, nesse trabalho defende-se o ideia de que a perspectiva apresentada nas cenas de autoerotismo frente ao espelho é exemplar da consequente duplicação/multiplicação do sujeito e da narrativa, contaminando todo o relato e desestabilizando não só uma possível escrita única como também uma leitura única, acabando, assim, por afetar também o leitor.
Trauma e memória em "Por escrito", de Elvira Vigna
Authors: Nascimento Lúcia Helena do
Published: November 2023

Este artigo propõe uma leitura crítica do romance Por escrito, da brasileira Elvira Vigna (1947-2017), a partir das relações possíveis entre trauma, memória e ficção. Em uma espécie de carta que nunca será enviada, a narradora da obra retoma dois fatos traumáticos de sua vida (não saber quem é seu pai e a morte de uma amiga), e vê na escrita a possibilidade de reorganização e reflexão sobre as lacunas e vazios que compõem sua história.
Violência e viola: Torquato Neto entre canção e poema
Authors: Queiroz Zeno
Published: November 2023

O ensaio procede a uma breve leitura comparada de algumas obras cancionais e poéticas de Torquato Neto, a saber, duas letras diretamente ligadas ao Tropicalismo (“Geleia geral” e “Marginália II”) e dois textos concebidos, ao que tudo indica, como poemas “de livro” (“Cogito” e a primeira versão de “Literato cantabile”). Concentra-se a atenção no modo como o sujeito lírico manifesta a temporalidade no entrecruzamento de forma e conteúdo, a fim de, por intermédio das categorias temporais, pensar as convergências e as divergências entre canção e poema à luz das particularidades da poética torquatiana, de um lado, e da conjuntura histórico-social com a qual ela debate, de outro.
Le Corbusier e o Novo Mundo do Espaço: uma exposição em contexto
Authors: Figueiredo Fernando Stankuns de Paula
Published: November 2023

O foco principal deste artigo é o estudo da relação entre arquitetura e fotografia. Qual é o valor que a fotografia assume nas exposições de arquitetura? Ela pretende trazer a realidade na forma de documento ou seria uma (re)interpretação dos que nos é apresentado pelos arquitetos em seus projetos? Tema será analisado a partir de um estudo de caso: a exposição Le Corbusier - Novo Mundo do Espaço.
Por quem falam os monumentos: polícia estética na construção do lembrar
Authors: Barbosa Arthur Gomes
Published: November 2023

O presente artigo se propõe discorrer sobre o papel dos monumentos como agentes da polícia estética, responsáveis em partes pela organização e perpetuação dos regimes de memória, delegando quem pode lembrar e do quê. Traçamos tal entendimento por meio de Jacques Rancière, em sua distinção entre política e polícia estética. Pretendemos assim demonstrar, por meio da revisão de literatura, como os monumentos são agentes responsáveis pela partilha de conteúdos referentes à memória e a construção do lembrar associados a parcelas dominantes da sociedade.
Increased FH-Risk-Score and Diabetes Are Cardiovascular Risk Equivalents in Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Paquette Martine , Cariou Bertrand , Bernard Sophie , Hegele Robert A. , Gallo Antonio , Genest Jacques , Trinder Mark , Brunham Liam R. , Béliard Sophie , Baass Alexis
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND:

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic condition causing premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). It is well established that patients with FH should be treated with statin therapy. However, there exists discordance concerning low-density lipoprotein cholesterol–lowering goals in the management of these patients between different guidelines worldwide. The objective was to compare the 10-year ASCVD risk of different subgroups of patients with and without FH including those with diabetes or a history of ASCVD and patients with FH within different FH-Risk-Score categories.

METHODS:

This multinational observational study used data from 3 different prospective cohorts. A total of 3383 FH and 6917 non-FH controls matched for age and sex were included (104 363 person-years of follow-up). The 10-year incident ASCVD risk was assessed using Kaplan-Meier estimates, whereas the relative risk was estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression models.

RESULTS:

FH patients with a high (score >20%) FH-Risk-Score (hazard ratio, 8.45 [95% CI, 6.69–10.67];
P
<0.0001), FH patients with diabetes (hazard ratio, 7.67 [95% CI, 4.82–12.21];
P
<0.0001), and non-FH patients with ASCVD (hazard ratio, 6.78 [95% CI, 5.45–8.42];
P
<0.0001) had a significantly higher incident ASCVD risk over 10 years than the reference group (non-FH without ASCVD or diabetes). The observed 10-year risks in these groups were 32.1%, 30.8%, 30.0%, and 5.1%, respectively. The 10-year ASCVD risk associated with both FH and ASCVD was extremely high (observed risk of 50.7%; hazard ratio, 14.53 [95% CI, 12.14–17.38];
P
<0.0001).

CONCLUSIONS:

This study strongly suggests that the observed risk of FH patients with diabetes, history of ASCVD, and FH-Risk-Score >20% is as high or higher than non-FH individuals with a history of ASCVD. More aggressive management should be recommended for these patients.
Analysis of Targeted Components in the Combination Extract of Hovenia dulcis and Phyllanthus emblica by UPLC-MS/MS
Authors: Zhang Mei , Zhang Hongyuan , Huang Zhiwei , Zhang Yanjie , liang Ling , Lou Benyong
Published: November 2023

This study aimed to establish a UPLC-MS/MS method for rapid analysis and identification of target components in the combination extract of Hovenia dulcis and Phyllanthus emblica. The gradient elution was carried out with methanol (A) −0.2% formic acid solution (A)
with low rate of 1.0 mL · min−1, column temperature of 30 °C, detection wavelength of 285 nm. The ESI ion source was used to collect data under the negative ion mode. Through analysis and identification, five target components were inferred, namely gallic acid,
dihydromyricetin, corilagine, taxifolin, and ellagic acid in the combination extract. Quantitative analysis was conducted on the combination extract. By utilizing the theory of modern supramolecular technology in traditional Chinese medicine, the functional composite product was obtained by
selecting the compound extraction of Hovenia dulcis and Phyllanthus emblica as raw materials, and quantitative analysis was conducted on on the combination extract. The results showed that the flavonoid extraction rate and the content of target components were both higher when
the mass ratio of Hovenia dulcis to Phyllanthus emblica was 1:1 and 1:2. This indicates that the co-extraction of Hovenia dulcis and Phyllanthus emblica not only simplified the extraction process but also enhances the extraction rate of the flavonoids in Hovenia
dulcis. The developed UPLC-MS/MS method is rapid, sensitive, which provides a technical basis for the selection of raw material mass ratios and product development of Hovenia dulcis and Phyllanthus emblica combination.
Physiological and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Pumpkin Seedlings Cultivated Under Low-Light Stress
Authors: Jiang Yanfang , Liu Zefa , Liu Hui , Yusop Mohd Rafii , Abdullah Shamsiah
Published: November 2023

Low-light stress is known to have a significant impact on pumpkin yield in greenhouse conditions, it is crucial to understand the characteristics of low-light tolerance and identify resistant germplasm resources. In this study, four pumpkins (Cucurbita moschata) varieties were
used, including three inbred lines (10–32, NY-1, and JB-1) and one hybrid line (NY-1×JB-1). Various low-light treatments (T0, no shade; T40, 40% shading; T80, 80% shading) were set, to explore their effects on morphology, photosynthetic characteristics, osmotic regulation substance
content, and antioxidant enzyme activity in pumpkin seedling leaves. In the results, seedlings of inbred lines 10–32 and JB-1, as well as hybrid NY-1×JB-1, exhibited low-light resistance with shading rate increases. The maximum photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm)
of all varieties decreased under low-light stress. Catalase (CAT) activity initially increased and then decreased, while superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity showed the opposite trend. Peroxidase (POD) activity gradually increased in 10–32, JB-1, and NY-1×JB-1, with JB-1 showing
a significant increase at T80, and NY-1 displaying an initial decrease followed by an increase. Noteablely, the soluble proline (Pro) content decreased in 10–32, NY-1, and NY-1×JB-1. Significant differences in malondialdehyde (MDA) content were observed among the seedlings of four
varieties. The MDA contents increased in 10–32 and JB-1 under T0 and T40, while showed no significant change in NY-1. The MDA content at T80 significantly decreased in NY-1, and first decreased and then significantly increased in NY-1×B-1. The soluble sugar content in 10–32
remained unchanged between T0 and T40, but significantly increased at T80. While in JB-1 and NY-1, it initially increased then decreased with increasing shading rate. The trend in NY-1×JB-1 was opposite to that of JB-1 and NY-1, with initially decreased followed by a significant increase.
In conclusion, morphological characteristics associated with low-light tolerance can serve as reference indices for breeding low-light tolerance pumpkins. These parameters can be used as reference indices to assess pumpkin resistance to low-light stress.
Resistance, resurgence, and wellbeing: climate change loss and damages from the perspective of Māori women
Authors: Johnson Danielle , Fisher Karen , Parsons Meg
Published: November 2023

Drawing on ethnographic research with Māori women in northern Aotearoa (New Zealand) I use this paper to encourage reflection on how the loss and damages (L&D) discourse might better engage with Indigenous peoples’ lived realities of climate change. I argue L&D scholarship and policy-making is dominated by reductive economic, hazard-focussed, and fatalistic framings of climate impacts and adaptation that are largely misaligned with Indigenous (and specifically Māori) approaches to loss and damage. I illustrate recurrent themes in the research using the narratives of two Māori women who employ forms of cultural resurgence to revitalise health-giving relationships with the land and offset multiple losses, damages, and harms to health and wellbeing sustained through settler colonialism, neoliberalism, and climate change. The narratives re-frame loss, damage, and adaptation from the perspective of Māori women. They provide much-needed empirical evidence of intangible, non-economic, lived, and felt L&D, their socio-political (as opposed to simply biophysical) drivers, and the actions Indigenous women employ to transform vulnerability, adapt to change, and secure intergenerational wellbeing in line with their view of the world. Together, the narratives underscore the vital importance of engaging social context when conceptualising and responding to L&D, support the move towards Indigenous-led, decolonised adaptation, and reaffirm the important role of Indigenous women in responding to climate change and leading social transformation.
Sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA®) and flow cytometry-assisted TUNEL assay provide a concordant assessment of sperm DNA fragmentation as a function of age in a large cohort of approximately 10,000 patients
Authors: Behdarvandian Paria , Nasr-Esfahani Ali , Tavalaee Marziyeh , Pashaei Kosar , Naderi Nushin , Darmishonnejad Zahra , Hallak Jorge , Aitken Robert J. , Gharagozloo Parviz , Drevet Joël R. , Nasr-Esfahani Mohammad Hossein
Published: November 2023

Background

Sperm DNA integrity is increasingly seen as a critical characteristic determining reproductive success, both in natural reproduction and in assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Despite this awareness, sperm DNA and nuclear integrity tests are still not part of routine examinations for either infertile men or fertile men wishing to assess their reproductive capacity. This is not due to the unavailability of DNA and sperm nuclear integrity tests. On the contrary, several relevant but distinct tests are available and have been used in many clinical trials, which has led to conflicting results and confusion. The reasons for this are mainly the lack of standardization between different clinics and between the tests themselves. In addition, the small number of samples analyzed in these trials has often weakened the value of the analyses performed. In the present work, we used a large cohort of semen samples, covering a wide age range, which were simultaneously evaluated for sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) using two of the most frequently used SDF assays, namely the TUNEL assay and the sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA®). At the same time, as standard seminal parameters (sperm motility, sperm morphology, sperm count) were available for these samples, correlations between age, SDF and conventional seminal parameters were analyzed.

Results

We show that the SCSA® and TUNEL assessments of SDF produce concordant data. However, the SDF assessed by TUNEL is systematically lower than that assessed by SCSA®. Regardless of the test used, the SDF increases steadily during aging, while the HDS parameter (High DNA stainability assessed via SCSA®) remains unchanged. In the cohort analyzed, conventional sperm parameters do not seem to discriminate with aging. Only sperm volume and motility were significantly lower in the oldest age group analyzed [50–59 years of age].

Conclusions

In the large cohort analyzed, SDF is an age-dependent parameter, increasing linearly with aging. The SCSA® assessment of SDF and the flow cytometry-assisted TUNEL assessment are well correlated, although TUNEL is less sensitive than SCSA®. This difference in sensitivity should be taken into account in the final assessment of the true level of fragmentation of the sperm nucleus of a given sample. The classical sperm parameters (motility, morphology, sperm count) do not change dramatically with age, making them inadequate to assess the fertility potential of an individual.
Correlation between the female pelvic floor biomechanical parameters and the severity of stress urinary incontinence
Authors: Koroknai Erzsébet , Rátonyi Dávid , Pákozdy Krisztina , Sipos Attila G. , Krasznai Zoárd , Takacs Peter , Kozma Bence
Published: November 2023

Background

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a common condition that requires proper evaluation to select a personalized therapy. Vaginal Tactile Imaging (VTI) is a novel method to assess the biomechanical parameters of the pelvic floor.

Methods

Women with SUI were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Participants completed the Medical, Epidemiologic, and Social Aspects of Aging (MESA) questionnaire and the Patient Global Impression of Severity Question (PGI-S) and underwent a VTI examination. Based on the MESA and PGI-S questionnaires, participants were divided into mild, moderate, and severe SUI groups. Fifty-two biomechanical parameters of the pelvic floor were measured by VTI and compared between the groups (mild vs. moderate and severe). SUI Score and Index were calculated from the MESA questionnaire. Pearson correlation was used to determine the strength of association between selected VTI parameters and the MESA SUI Index and MESA SUI Score.

Results

Thirty-one women were enrolled into the study. Significant differences were observed in the VTI parameters 16, 22–24, 38, 39 when the difference between mild and severe subgroups of SUI based on the PGI-S score was examined. Parameter 16 refers to the maximum gradient at the perineal body, parameter 22–24 refers to the pressure response of the tissues behind the vaginal walls, and parameter 38, 39 refers the maximum pressure change and value on the right side at voluntary muscle contraction. VTI parameter 49, describing the displacement of the maximum pressure peak in the anterior compartment, showed a significant difference between the mild SUI and the moderate-severe SUI according to the MESA SUI score (mean ± SD 14.06 ± 5.16 vs. 7.54 ± 7.46, P = 0.04). The MESA SUI Index and SUI Score displayed a positive correlation concerning VTI parameters 4 (the maximum value of the posterior gradient) and 27 (the displacement of the maximum pressure peak in the anterior compartment) (VTI4 vs. MESA SUI Index r = 0.373, P = 0.039; VTI4 vs. MESA SUI Score r = 0.376, P = 0.037; VTI27 vs. MESA SUI Index r = 0.366, P = 0.043; VTI27 vs. MESA SUI Score r = 0.363, P = 0.044).

Conclusions

Female pelvic floor biomechanical parameters, as measured by VTI, correlate significantly with the severity of SUI and may help guide therapeutic decisions.
The health of mothers caring for a child with a disability: a longitudinal study
Authors: Brekke Idunn , Alecu Andreea
Published: November 2023

Background

Raising a child with disabilities requires a significant parental investment that is greater than that required by typically developing children. Previous studies have shown that parents caring for a child with a disability experience a range of health problems, particularly the mothers. However, few of these studies have controlled for maternal health prior to birth.

Methods

This study used a sample from the Norwegian administrative register that comprised all children born between 2009 and 2015. We followed the mothers and their children for 11 years, between 2009 and 2019. The outcome variable was the mothers’ physical and mental health, which was assessed using specific ICD-10 diagnoses recorded in the Norwegian Patient Register (NPR). The data included information on the mothers’ health before and after the birth of their first child, enabling us to control for maternal health prior to birth in our analysis, in addition to socio-demographic characteristics. The analyses of maternal health were performed using multiple logistic regression, and the results are presented on both a relative scale (odds ratio [OR]) and an absolute scale (average marginal effect [AME]), both with 95% confidence intervals.

Results

Mothers caring for a child with a disability have higher odds of having a diagnosis of a musculoskeletal disorder, depression, anxiety, sleeping disorder or migraines than mothers of children without a disability. The differences between the two groups of mothers decrease after adjusting for the characteristics of the children, mothers and families, but remain significant for musculoskeletal disorder, depression, anxiety and sleeping disorder, although the absolute differences are modest.

Conclusion

The findings suggest that mothers caring for a child with a disability are more likely to have health problems than mothers of children without a disability after controlling for maternal health prior to birth. Providing more support for mothers of children with a disability might help to improve their health.
GSTM2 alleviates heart failure by inhibiting DNA damage in cardiomyocytes
Authors: Xu Hongfei , Wang Zhen , Wang Yalin , Pan Shaobo , Zhao Wenting , Chen Miao , Chen Xiaofan , Tao Tingting , Ma Liang , Ni Yiming , Li Weidong
Published: November 2023

Background

Heart failure (HF) seriously threatens human health worldwide. However, the pathological mechanisms underlying HF are still not fully clear.

Results

In this study, we performed proteomics and transcriptomics analyses on samples from human HF patients and healthy donors to obtain an overview of the detailed changes in protein and mRNA expression that occur during HF. We found substantial differences in protein expression changes between the atria and ventricles of myocardial tissues from patients with HF. Interestingly, the metabolic state of ventricular tissues was altered in HF samples, and inflammatory pathways were activated in atrial tissues. Through analysis of differentially expressed genes in HF samples, we found that several glutathione S-transferase (GST) family members, especially glutathione S-transferase M2-2 (GSTM2), were decreased in all the ventricular samples. Furthermore, GSTM2 overexpression effectively relieved the progression of cardiac hypertrophy in a transverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgery-induced HF mouse model. Moreover, we found that GSTM2 attenuated DNA damage and extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) production in cardiomyocytes, thereby ameliorating interferon-I-stimulated macrophage inflammation in heart tissues.

Conclusions

Our study establishes a proteomic and transcriptomic map of human HF tissues, highlights the functional importance of GSTM2 in HF progression, and provides a novel therapeutic target for HF.
The effects of construction vibration on stone cultural relics: a case study from the Qingdao Museum
Authors: Xu Weixiao , Zhao Jixing , Yang Weisong , Yu Dehu , Qiu Lingling , Chen Zhenlong , Qiu Yusheng
Published: November 2023

The potential impact of vibration from nearby construction on four ancient stone statues in the Qingdao Museum was studied. Simulated but full-scale drilling, excavation and impact breaking were conducted to gather ground motion data which were used to prepare incremental dynamic time histories. The four stone statues were modeled numerically and the models were used to estimate the statues’ maximum tensile stress, maximum strain and maximum shear stress in response to the time histories. The most vulnerable parts of the statue are thus identified, and vibration limits were proposed.
An introductory review of the thermal structure of subduction zones: II—numerical approach and validation
Authors: Wilson Cian R. , van Keken Peter E.
Published: November 2023

The thermal structure of subduction zones is fundamental to our understanding of the physical and chemical processes that occur at active convergent plate margins. These include magma generation and related arc volcanism, shallow and deep seismicity, and metamorphic reactions that can release fluids. Computational models can predict the thermal structure to great numerical precision when models are fully described but this does not guarantee accuracy or applicability. In a trio of companion papers, the construction of thermal subduction zone models, their use in subduction zone studies, and their link to geophysical and geochemical observations are explored. In this part II, the finite element techniques that can be used to predict thermal structure are discussed in an introductory fashion along with their verification and validation.

Steady-state thermal structure for the updated subduction zone benchmark. a) Temperature predicted by TF for case 1; b) temperature difference between TF and Sepran using the penalty function (PF) method for case 1 at fm=1 where fm represents the smallest element sizes in the finite element grids near the coupling point; c) slab top temperature comparison for case 1; and d)–f) as a)–c) but now for case 2. The star indicates the position or temperature conditions at the coupling point.
The La-related protein PsLARP4_5 is crucial for zoospore production and pathogenicity in Phytophthora sojae
Authors: Zhang Can , Chen Shanshan , Zhang Fan , Zheng Yuxin , Wang Yuke , Liu Xili
Published: November 2023

A large number of La-related proteins (LARPs), most of which share a La-motif and one or more adjacent RNA-recognition (RRM) domains, are known to play a function in diverse processes. Among the LAPRs, LARP4 and LARP5 have been mainly reported to act as positive translation factors. In Phytophthora sojae, only one protein with typical LARP protein features was identified, and it was named LARP4_5 due to the presence of an RRM_LARP4_5-like domain. The PsLARP4_5 gene was significantly upregulated in zoospores and during the infection stage. By comparing the biological characteristics of a wild-type strain with three PsLARP4_5 knockout transformants, it was found that PsLARP4_5 was involved in mycelial growth, sporangium and zoospore production, and pathogenicity of P. sojae. Further analysis of the transcriptome indicated that many differentially expressed genes could participate in several essential biological processes in the PsLARP4_5 transformant, including translation, as structural constituents of ribosomes or cytosolic large ribosomal subunits and others. Notably, 76 genes with a role in the ribosome pathway were downregulated in the PsLARP4_5 transformant, suggesting that PsLARP4_5 might affect translation. Overall, these findings indicate that PsLARP4_5 plays an essential role in the development and pathogenicity of P. sojae.
The association of claudin-18 and androgen receptor expression in prostatic carcinoma: an immunohistochemical study
Authors: Rashad Heba M. , Ahmed Hanan , El Attar Kareem Ali , Saad Eman A.
Published: November 2023

Background

Claudin-18 (CLDN18) is a recently identified anticancer therapeutic target with promising results for various gastrointestinal malignancies. The role of CLDN18 in prostatic carcinoma has not been investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate CLDN18 and androgen receptor (AR) expression in prostatic carcinoma and to link these findings with other clinicopathological characteristics. This retrospective study was carried out on 120 cases of prostatic lesions, including 100 cases of prostatic carcinoma and 20 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia. The immunohistochemical staining technique was used to evaluate the expression of both CLDN18 and AR in prostatic carcinoma in relation to clinicopathological parameters.

Results

CLDN18 expression was completely absent in benign prostatic tissue, while it was detected in the membrane of 30 (30%) of studied carcinoma cases, with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.046). In contrast to other variables, a statistically significant relationship was identified between CLDN18 expression and Gleason Grade group (p = 0.000), stage (p = 0.03), and nodal metastasis (p = 0.000). The expression of the androgen receptor was detected in the nucleus of 96 (96%) of the cancer cases under study, with no statistically significant difference between the studied groups (p = 0.427). A statistically significant relation was found between AR expression and Gleason Grade group (p = 0.03) and stage (p = 0.01), while no relation with other variables was detected. AR expression and CLDN18 expression were shown to be statistically significantly correlated (p = 0.002).

Conclusions

CLDN18 was expressed in prostatic carcinoma and correlated with an adverse tumor outcome. CLDN18 may be regulated by AR. CLDN18 could be a candidate therapeutic marker for the treatment of prostatic carcinoma.
Detecting fractures and monitoring hydraulic fracturing processes at the first EGS Collab testbed using borehole DAS ambient noise
Authors: Li David , Huang Lianjie , Zheng Yingcai , Li Yingping , Schoenball Martin , Rodriguez-Tribaldos Verónica , Ajo-Franklin Jonathan , Hopp Chet , Johnson Tim , Knox Hunter , Blankenship Doug , Dobson Patrick , Kneafsey Tim , Robertson Michelle
Published: November 2023

Enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) require cost-effective monitoring of fracture networks. We validate the capability of using borehole distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) ambient noise for fracture monitoring using core photos and core logs. The EGS Collab project has conducted 10 m scale field experiments of hydraulic fracture stimulation using 50–60 m deep experimental wells at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in Lead, South Dakota. The first EGS Collab testbed is located at 1616.67 m (4850 ft) depth at SURF and consists of one injection well, one production well, and six monitoring wells. All wells are drilled subhorizontally from an access tunnel called a drift. The project uses a single continuous fiber-optic cable installed sequentially in the six monitoring wells to record DAS data for monitoring hydraulic fracturing during stimulation. We analyze 60 s time records of the borehole DAS ambient noise data and compute the noise root-mean-square (rms) amplitude on each channel (points along the fiber cable) to obtain DAS ambient noise rms amplitude depth profiles along the monitoring wellbore. Our noise rms amplitude profiles indicate amplitude peaks at distinct depths. We compare the DAS noise rms amplitude profiles with borehole core photos and core logs and find that the DAS noise rms amplitude peaks correspond to the locations of fractures or lithologic changes indicated in the core photos or core logs. We then compute the hourly DAS noise rms amplitude profiles in two monitoring wells during three stimulation cycles in 72 h and find that the DAS noise rms amplitude profiles vary with time, indicating the fracture opening/growth or closing during the hydraulic stimulation. Our results demonstrate that borehole DAS passive ambient noise can be used to detect fractures and monitor fracturing processes in EGS reservoirs.
Continuous peritoneal dialysis in pediatric patients with chronic kidney diseases: a case series and literature review
Authors: Sibarani Jupiter , Soetandar Alwin
Published: November 2023

Background: Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) is still a viable option for pediatric renal replacement therapy in both acute and chronic conditions. In a country with limited resources, CAPD is still the treatment of choice for pediatric patients with end stage chronic kidney disease (CKD). Case presentation: We present a case series of six children with chronic kidney diseases on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD (age range: 10–16 years old). All patients were diagnosed with CKD stage 5. Of the six patients, four were diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome, one with systemic lupus erythematosus with kidney involvement, 1 with primary glomerulopathy, and one was diagnosed with congenital anomaly of a kidney. In this study, most patients experienced infection as the side effect of CAPD (n = 4; 66.67%), while the remainings experienced adhesion (n = 2; 33.33%). CAPD was effective in 4 of 6 patients who received the device. Discussion: Due to the emergence of complications, the lack of long-term efficacy of CAPD is the most significant factor limiting its application. Conclusion: The authors report a case series of successful experience with CAPD in children with CKD in Indonesia. Although CAPD is effective, the majority of patients in this series do not survive.
Utilization of health insurance by patients admitted for dental surgical procedures at a tertiary care hospital in Coastal Karnataka: a retrospective study
Authors: Bhat Bhargav , Vasthare Ramprasad , Singla Nishu , Nayak Prajna P , Kumar Ashwini , Singla Ritesh
Published: November 2023

Background: There are various medical insurance options available in India. However, unlike many other countries, dental insurance plans are rare. The aim of this study was to assess the utilization of various government and private health insurance schemes by patients admitted for dental surgical procedures at a tertiary care hospital in coastal Karnataka, India. Methods: A study was conducted retrospectively to gather data on the socio-demographics, bill details, insurance, and benefits claimed by patients admitted to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at a tertiary care hospital from May 2016 to September 2022. Results: Out of 1750 patients, only 856 (48.9%) patients had availed of insurance, 395 patients (22.6%) utilized government health insurance policies, and 461 patients (26.3%) availed of private health insurance plans. Among Government schemes, primarily Ayushman Bharat-Arogya Karnataka was used by 262 (30.6%) patients, followed by Employees’ State Insurance Scheme by 110 (12.9%) patients. Among private schemes, 212 (24.8%) patients used the policies purchased by them, 19 (2.2%) patients’ medical expenses were paid by their employers, 105 (12.3%) patients utilized Manipal Arogya Suraksha and 124 (14.5%) patients used Medicare provided by the hospital. Bivariate linear regression confirmed that the total bill amount, out-of-pocket expenditure by the patient, and insurance amount reimbursed to the hospital were significantly associated with the type of insurance (government vs. private). The study noticed a gradual rise in insured patients every year. Conclusion: Greater utilization of health insurance should be encouraged because the cost of dental treatment has always hindered the use of oral health services worldwide. This study highlights that the benefit available to the patients were mainly through general health insurance schemes, not specifically dental health insurance. Insurance schemes covering dental must be promoted more aggressively in the media, highlighting their available benefits, merits, and demerits.
Tolerance to ridiculous impacts in school children with a great range of psychological well-being
Authors: Khomenko Olena , Kofan Iryna
Published: November 2023

The impact of the psychological well-being level of high school seniors on their tolerance for cognitive load was analyzed. The study involved 93 students: 45 males and 48 females – 11th-grade students from Dnipro (Ukraine), who were categorized into three groups based on their level of psychological well-being: I – individuals with a high level of psychological well-being, II – individuals with an average level of psychological well-being, and III – individuals with a low level of psychological well-being. To determine the level of psychological well-being, the "Scales of Psychological Well-Being" (SPWB) questionnaire was used, adapted by T.D. Shevelenkova and P.P. Fesenko. Cognitive load was assessed using the correction test by V.Ya. Anfimov and arithmetic tasks, allowing the evaluation of the ability to perceive significant information. Task performance efficiency was determined by the number of correctly solved tasks in 5 minutes (accuracy) and the total number of tasks completed (speed of execution). The level of tolerance to cognitive load was assessed using E.P. Il'in's tapping test modified by G.V. Okhromiy. Tolerance to cognitive load was evaluated based on the difference in the lability of the nervous system before and after the test. Statistical processing was conducted using the Statistica 6.0 application program for Windows. It was found that students with average and high levels of psychological well-being demonstrated better tolerance to cognitive load than students with a low level of psychological well-being. At a low level of psychological well-being, males exhibited a moderate-low type of nervous system and average lability of nervous system processes, while females showed a weak type of nervous system and low lability of nervous system processes.
Los lenguajes de las ciudades
Authors: Sacchi Livio
Published: November 2023

Los lenguajes de las identidades urbanas posmodernas y transterritoriales expresan una forma de utilizar la diversidad, la hibridación y lo informal catalizando el conflicto entre culturas dominantes y minorías subordinadas.
De la ciudad de Dios a la ciudad virtual
Authors: Fernández Martorell Concha
Published: November 2023

Según se desprende del pensamiento de María Zambrano, la ciudad es «el lugar de la palabra», «un habla que no es aprendida, ni tampoco inventada, un habla nacida», en la que resplandece «el ser de un lenguaje». La ciudad es persona frente a la abstracción del Estado, la ciudad es historia y la ciudad es espacio del diálogo fundador de realidad; tres condiciones que definen a la ciudad real en la que Occidente ha perdido su fe. La ciudad virtual supone, por el contrario, la disolución de lo real: «la historia, la cultura o las instituciones son sustituidas por las redes de información, estrategias y decisiones». La ciudad virtual ha suprimido la naturaleza y la historia; tiene no obstante fundamentos en la ciudad ideal, la ciudad de Dios agustiniana: ciudad desterritorializada, desmaterializada donde han desaparecido sujeto y objeto y se ha desintegrado el ámbito político; es una ciudad sin comunidad.
Patrones del ocio y espacios lúdicos de hoy.
Authors: Mantzou Polyxeni
Published: November 2023

Partiendo de definiciones de la Teoría de la clase ociosa y del Horno ludens, la autora define las características de los espacios del ocio y del espectáculo de hoy comprobando que en los patrones de la discoteca y de los parques temáticos subyacen algunos de los principios constitutivos de la teoría arquitectónica, del urbanismo y de la propia sociedad de hoy.
Arquitectura y enseñanza hacia el nuevo milenio: incógnitas y esperanzas.: postfolio.
Authors: Segre Roberto
Published: November 2023

Un recorrido a través del siglo para detectar algunos de los más agudos problemas de la arquitectura y de los centros urbanos que, sin embargo, permiten al autor vislumbrar alternativas para el nuevo milenio.
Crítica ambiental y nueva agenda de gestión de las ciudades
Authors: Fernández Roberto
Published: November 2023

Este ensayo se propone analizar cuatro temas relativamente encadenados: un breve análisis del desarrollo histórico de la cuestión ambiental, bajo la hipótesis genérica de su paso de una cualidad abstracta a una más espacialmente determinada, una consideración acerca del peso de lo ambiental como categorías o atributos de control externo del desarrollo socio-productivo, un comentario acerca de la crisis del planeamiento urbano tradicional en el contexto de la caída de significación del concepto y práctica de la planificación en general y una preliminar agenda de ítems que parecen proponerse como aportaciones para una planificación urbano-ambiental o al menos, para una reconceptualización ambiental de la gestión de ciudad, quizá todavía en una dimensión prioritariamente crítica. Tal programa de temas busca adicionalmente ser revisado desde la óptica de la arquitectura como disciplina o saber históricamente constituido, no tanto bajo la presunción de un protagonismo significativo de tal saber, sino 9 por ser la arquitectura uno de los campos cognoscitivos y técnicos que operan con la ciudad como objeto a la vez de conocimiento y actuación, es probable que los argumentos de las cuatros secciones iniciales de este texto admitan un comentario complementario, sesgado si se quiere, desde la mirada de la arquitectura: en ello consiste la quinta y última parte del presente ensayo.
El mundo según Gulliver
Authors: Fernández Roberto
Published: November 2023

«La transgresión desaforada de la medida engendrará, en el impacto suscitador de la posmodernidad que puede atribuírsele al romanticismo y el paradigma sublime, al menos dos efectos político-estéticos (siguiendo el razonamiento de F Jameson): por una parte, la macromercancía de los único, como exacerbación diferencial de valor, y por otra, la monstruosidad fantasmática de lo virtual.»