bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Danshen Decoction in the Treatment of Hyperlipidemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Liu Mengnan , Yanneng Xu , Yang Gang , Li Ziyi , Luo Gang , Yang Sijin
Published: November 2022

Background. Hyperlipidemia is a common clinical chronic disease that increases the incidence of cardiovascular disease. However, although oral drug therapy can reduce blood lipids, long-term drug treatment may cause various side effects. Therefore, it is important to find suitable alternatives for the treatment of hyperlipidemia. The classic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription Danshen decoction (DSD) has been found effective for the treatment of hyperlipidemia. This protocol aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of DSD in the treatment of hyperlipidemia. Methods and Analysis. We will screen all the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which research DSD in the treatment of hyperlipidemia from 7 databases from their inception to July 2022; three investigators will independently screen and select RCTs and extract data and assess the risk of bias. The Cochrane scale, Jadad scale, and GRADE scale will be used to assess the risk of bias, literature quality, and outcome quality, respectively. Review Manager V.5.4 will be used for the meta-analysis, and the results will be presented as the risk ratio (RR) for the binary data and the mean difference (MD) or standardized mean difference (SMD) for the continuous data. Ethical approval and Dissemination. This protocol for a systematic review will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication and ethical approval is not applicable. PROSPERO registration number.CRD42022352467.
A Comparative Analysis of Fraudulent Recruitment Advertisement Detection Methods in the IoT Environment
Authors: Wang Ruiqi , Cao Ning , Guo Yajie , Ji Shujuan , Kumar Sachin
Published: November 2022

The growth of the Internet of Things has changed the way of job hunting. Online recruitment has gradually replaced the traditional offline recruitment mode. Some unscrupulous people use online recruitment platforms to publish fraudulent recruitment advertisements, which not only bring financial and reputational losses to job seekers but also harm the sustainable development of society. However, previous studies have not used unified evaluation metrics and datasets, and detecting fraudulent recruitment advertisements lacks systematic research. To resolve this problem, this paper selects four representative traditional learning methods (i.e., random forest, support vector machine (SVM), logistic regression, and Naïve Bayes) and three deep learning methods (i.e., TextCNN, gate recurrent unit (GRU), and bidirectional long-short-term memory (Bi-LSTM)), which perform good in natural language processing (NLP) and use the same evaluation metrics and datasets conducting comparative experiments on balanced and unbalanced datasets, respectively. The experimental results show that the TextCNN method achieves the best detection performance with relatively low energy consumption on the balanced dataset. All the metrics values are more significant than 0.93. On unbalanced datasets, the TextCNN method still performs best with increasing imbalanced proportion.
Application of Honeycomb Structures in Key Components of Space Deployable Structures
Authors: Yang Yang , Wang Fan , Liu Jieshan
Published: November 2022

The reed structure is the key component in the foldable space deployment mechanism. In the aerospace industry, weight loss occupies a pivotal position. The use of lightweight structure can achieve significant savings in launch costs and improve load efficiency. Aiming at the lightweight requirements of the space deployment mechanism, this paper discusses the substitution effect of the honeycomb topology on the reed structure in the space deployment structure. Firstly, the column structure of the honeycomb is equivalent to an orthotropic cylindrical block-shell structure. According to the bending theory of an orthotropic cylinder, the expanded honeycomb structure equivalent to an orthotropic cylindrical block-shell structure is deduced. Then, the exact expression of the reverse bending moment was obtained, and the bending moment-curvature curve during the folding process was drawn. The bending moment-curvature characteristics during the folding process are simulated by finite element numerical simulation. By proposing the index of unit mass for analysis and comparison, the results show that compared with the common spring steel structure, the honeycomb structure has better mechanical properties per unit mass and has a certain substitution effect on the reed structure.
Limiting Dynamics for Q‐Learning with Memory One in Symmetric Two‐Player, Two‐Action Games
Authors: Meylahn J. M. , Janssen L.
Published: November 2022

We develop a method based on computer algebra systems to represent the mutual pure strategy best‐response dynamics of symmetric two‐player, two‐action repeated games played by players with a one‐period memory. We apply this method to the iterated prisoner’s dilemma, stag hunt, and hawk‐dove games and identify all possible equilibrium strategy pairs and the conditions for their existence. The only equilibrium strategy pair that is possible in all three games is the win‐stay, lose‐shift strategy. Lastly, we show that the mutual best‐response dynamics are realized by a sample batch Q‐learning algorithm in the infinite batch size limit.
Research on Steering Stability of High-Speed Tracked Vehicles
Authors: Jia Weijian , Liu Xixia , Zhang Chuanqing , Qiu Mianhao , Zhang Yu , Quan Qingda , Sun Hong
Published: November 2022

The high-speed steering control of tracked vehicles has been studied thoroughly, but the high-speed steering stability boundary of tracked vehicles has rarely been investigated. The establishment of a dynamics model with a high computational accuracy is the premise of studying the high-speed steering stability boundary of tracked vehicles. In this work, the track forces of tracked vehicles during steering were determined based on a shear stress model, and the steering dynamics model of tracked vehicles was established. A zero-differential-steering tracked vehicle was used as the object of study. The calculation results of the steering kinematics model and dynamics model of tracked vehicles under different steering conditions were studied in detail on sandy road surface environment, as well as the change laws of the steering trajectory, steering radius, vehicle centroid velocity, and steering slip angle. The steering trajectories of tracked vehicles on five kinds of roads under the same steering conditions were determined by simulations. By setting the critical condition for unstable steering, the corresponding relationship between the maximum circumferential velocity difference of the sprocket

Δ

u

max

, the minimum steering radius

R

min

, the maximum sideslip angle

β

max

, and the theoretical centroid speed

v

t
h

was obtained when the vehicle turned on five kinds of roads, and it was used to determine the high-speed steering stability boundary of tracked vehicles. The simulation results can provide a reference for the design of tracked vehicle steering mechanisms and high-speed steering control.
Analysis of Initial Deployment Strategy for Low-Orbit Large-Scale Constellations
Authors: Li Feifei , Hu Min , Che Bin , Yang Huaibin , Cheng Yuancang
Published: November 2022

With the development of commercial space technology, low-orbit large-scale satellite constellation has shown great development potential in communication services and military applications due to its advantages of low delay, strong signal, high coverage rate, fast communication rate, and low cost of mass production. It has become an urgent problem in the field of satellite constellations to study the perturbation evolution law of low-orbit large-scale constellation initialization and orbit maintenance, and how to maintain and control the deployment and initialization of low-orbit satellite constellations efficiently, economically, and stably. In this paper, the satellite motion law, constellation configuration evolution characteristics, and constellation initialization control strategy are analyzed considering the perturbation of earth’s nonspherical gravity and atmospheric drag under the orbit deviation of satellite orbit elements. Firstly, MonteCarlo simulation was used to simulate the deviation of satellite initial orbit elements, and the evolution law of ascending ascension point and phase angle of different constellations was analyzed and, secondly, establish the initialization phase constellation deployment and the ascending node right ascension deployment of mathematical equations, using Starlink constellation (V1.0-L3, 8) satellite TLE data; initialization of Leo constellation orbit plane is analyzed, by considering the orbit bias satellite simulation data; the same orbital plane satellite initialization phase deployment method is analyzed; finally, this paper provides some suggestions for the future deployment and maintenance control strategy of low-orbit constellation.
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Acupuncture Treatment for Oral Ulcer
Authors: Yan Hang , Chen Tianxi , Zuo Yuling , Tu Yang , Ai Huangping , Lin Yuqi , Chen Yongcan
Published: November 2022

Background. Oral ulcer (OU) is a common oral mucosal disease manifested with obvious pain. In some studies, the efficacy of acupuncture in OU has been confirmed, but systematic reviews and meta-analyses for them are lacking. Our aim is to evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture in the treatment of OU. Methods. We searched the literature from eight databases from their inception to December 2021. We included randomized controlled trials of acupuncture for the treatment of oral ulcer. The meta-analysis was carried out using Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 16.0. The main outcomes were the effective rate and the recurrence rate, the secondary outcomes were the visual analogue score (VAS) and the ulcer healing time. Results. Totally, 18 studies were finally included in the meta-analysis, including 1,422 patients. In meta-analyses, we found that in comparison with Western medicine, acupuncture can improve effective rate (OR = 5.40, 95% CI: 3.40 to 8.58), reduce the ulcer recurrence rate (OR = 0.21, 95% CI: 0.13 to 0.33), and relieve the ulcer pain (MD = −2.26, 95% CI: −4.27to−0.24). In addition, compared with Western medicine, acupuncture plus Western medicine also can improve effective rate (OR = 2.95, 95% CI: 1.48 to 5.85). Compared with the Chinese medicine, the acupuncture plus Chinese medicine can improve the effective rate (OR = 8.26, 95% CI: 3.61 to 18.88) and relieve the ulcer pain (MD = −1.85, 95% CI: −2.51 to −1.19). Conclusion. Acupuncture may be more effective than Western medicine in terms of efficacy rate, and acupuncture combined with Western or Chinese medicine may have the potential to reduce the recurrence of ulcer and relieve the ulcer pain. However, due to limited evidence, higher quality and more rigorously designed clinical trials with larger sample sizes will be needed to further confirm our findings.
A Real-Time Baseband Processor for Li-Fi Internet Access
Authors: Setiawan Erwin , Adiono Trio , Mulyawan Rahmat , Sutisna Nana , Syafalni Infall , Popoola Wasiu O.
Published: November 2022

In the past years, light fidelity (Li-Fi) has been gaining popularity in the research. However, many researches have done only offline transmission with laboratory instruments. As a result, it is not practical to be used in commercial product, due to its cost and size. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to address problems that arise from the real-time implementation of Li-Fi system using the commercial off-the-shelf components. The implementation was developed on a low-cost system-on-chip (SoC) field-programmable gate array (FPGA). The implementation supports orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation including time synchronization. In order to build a system that is more practical to be used in commercial product, the network stack that supports TCP and ICMP was also developed. As a result, the user client can easily access the Internet using the available web browsers. The results showed that the system is functionally verified enabling it for real-time transmission to be used to access the Internet. According to the result, our baseband processor can transfer data with a maximum throughput of 1 Mbps at 125 Mhz of FPGA.
Knockdown of LINC01279 Suppresses Gastric Cancer Proliferation and Migration by Inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway
Authors: Zhao Weidong , Zhao Xiaohan , Xu Menglin , Cheng Zhengwu , Zhang Zhengxiang
Published: November 2022

Objective. To explore the functional and molecular mechanism of long noncoding RNA LINC01279 in gastric cancer (GC). Methods. The LINC01279 expression in GC and tissues of para-carcinoma was detected by qPCR (real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR), and the association between the LINC01279 expression and clinicopathological features of patients with GC was investigated. The colony formation, CCK-8, transwell assays, and cell cycle detection kit were used for detection of the effect of LINC01279 on GC cell proliferation, cell cycle, colony formation, and invasion. The effect of LINC01279 on PI3K/AKT/mTOR in the GC signaling pathway was identified by the Western blotting technique. The effect of LINC01279 on GC cell proliferation in vivo was evaluated by subcutaneous xenograft tumors in the nude mice. Results. The results of qPCR displayed the expression of LINC01279 was higher in tissues of GC patients. Furthermore, the tumor size, TNM stage, and metastasis of lymph nodes were also closely related to LINC01279 expression. The experiments on cell function showed that the LINC01279 knockdown significantly inhibited the colony formation, invasion, and proliferation of GC cells and induced the cell cycle arrest in G0 and G1 phases. The Western blotting technique also showed that LINC01279 knockdown significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of PI3K, Akt, and mTOR in GC cells. Furthermore, in vivo experiments displayed that the LINC01279 knockdown significantly inhibited the GC growth. Conclusion. Knockdown of LINC01279 plays a significant role in inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway which affects the GC invasion and proliferation. The LINC01279 expression can be utilized as a biomarker for the prediction of the GC prognosis.
Detecting Prosthetic Restorations Using Artificial Intelligence on Panoramic Radiographs
Authors: Altan Bike , Gunec H. Gurkan , Cinar Sevki , Kutal Secilay , Gulum Semih , Aydin Kader Cesur
Published: November 2022

Aim. This study applied a CNN (convolutional neural network) algorithm to detect prosthetic restorations on panoramic radiographs and to automatically detect these restorations using deep learning systems. Materials and Methods. This study collected a total of 5126 panoramic radiographs of adult patients. During model training, .bmp, .jpeg, and .png files for images and .txt files containing five different types of information are required for the labels. Herein, 10% of panoramic radiographs were used as a test dataset. Owing to labeling, 2988 crowns and 2969 bridges were formed in the dataset. Results. The mAP and mAR values were obtained when the confidence threshold was set at 0.1. TP, FP, FN, precision, recall, and F1 score values were obtained when the confidence threshold was 0.25. The YOLOv4 model demonstrated that accurate results could be obtained quickly. Bridge results were found to be more successful than crown results. Conclusion. The detection of prosthetic restorations with artificial intelligence on panoramic radiography, which is widely preferred in clinical applications, provides convenience to physicians in terms of diagnosis and time management.
Assessing the Knowledge and Attitude towards Osteoporosis among Syrian Women: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Alhouri Ahmad , Zahrawi Hanaa , Alasaad Saja , Alhayek Shahd mofid , Al Houri Hasan Nabil , Jomaa Sami , Torbey André , Swed Sarya , Alamash Douaa , Zawda Aous , Alhasan Shahad Alhattab , Khalayli Naram , Kudsi Maysoun
Published: November 2022

Background. Osteoporosis is a progressive decline in the bone mass, which occurs with no alterations to the bone’s composition. It is associated with increased bone fragility that may eventually lead to fractures. In this study, we aim to assess the level of awareness that Syrian women possess regarding osteoporosis and spread the knowledge about its prevention measures. Methods. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Syrian Private University. A validated questionnaire was asked to be filled in by women aged 18 and above, who were presented to clinics at Damascus, Al Helal, and Al Zahrawi hospitals between 28 November 2021 and 5 March 2022. Results. 6082 women were included, of which 63.9% (

n
=
3884

) were under 30 years old and 89.3% (

n
=
5429

) were in their reproductive age. The average knowledge score of osteoporosis was

69.2
±
7.7

(28-100); 88.1% correctly defined osteoporosis while the majority (93.4%) has heard of it. The majority of our participants were living in rural areas (77.2%;

n
=
4698

) while only 22.8% (

n
=
1384

) were living in urban areas. The respondents from urban areas reported the highest knowledge scores (

OR
=
1.472

; 95% CI: 1.258-1.723;

P
<
0.0001

). 75.60% agreed that aging is a risk factor for osteoporosis. 64.6% were aware that osteoporosis is directly responsible for hip fractures. Smoking, family history, lack of exercise, and menopause were the main risk factors for osteoporosis, at 53.6%, 53.1%, 84.6%, and 60.7%, respectively. Social media represented the ultimate source of information on osteoporosis (64.70%). Conclusion. Our study is the largest in the region and the first of its kind in the country. Syrian women had an average knowledge score regarding osteoporosis; the vast majority has defined it correctly and has heard of it. We found no statistical significance between age or educational level and adequate knowledge about osteoporosis.
Increased Expression of SERPINB10 Associated with Postoperative Recurrence in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps
Authors: Deng Zhenghao , Li Zhi , She Yongchuan , Xie Bin
Published: November 2022

Background. Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a common upper airway inflammatory disorder with a high rate of postoperative recurrence. SERPINB10 is a proinflammatory cytokine expressed on epithelial cells, but its role in CRSwNP has not been described. This study is aimed at exploring the SERPINB10 expression in CRSwNP and its relationship with postoperative recidivation. Methods. We recruited 140 individuals, consisting of 60 patients with CRSwNP, 40 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP), and 40 healthy controls (HCs). Tissue specimens were collected during the surgery, and SERPINB10 expression was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunofluorescence. We determined the tissue SERPINB10 expression levels in CRSwNP and examined its clinical value in predicting postoperative recurrence. Results. We determined that tissue SERPINB10 mRNA and protein levels were increased in the CRSwNP group, especially in the recurrent CRSwNP group, compared with the CRSsNP and HC groups (

p
<
0.05

), and SERPINB10 mRNA levels were correlated with peripheral and tissue eosinophil counts and percentages (

p
<
0.05

). Binary logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves suggested that the expressions of tissue SERPINB10 mRNA were significantly linked to postoperative recurrence in CRSwNP patients (

AUC
=
0.741

,

p
<
0.001

). Conclusion. Elevated local SERPINB10 levels in patients with CRSwNP were related to tissue eosinophilic inflammation and disease recurrence. These data suggested that SERPINB10 might contribute to the eosinophilic inflammation in CRSwNP and appeared to be a potential biomarker for the prediction of relapse after surgery.
Potential Role of TRPV4 in Stretch-Induced Ghrelin Secretion and Obesity
Authors: Hayakawa Shunsuke , Tanaka Tatsuya , Ogawa Ryo , Ito Sunao , Ueno Shuhei , Koyama Hiroyuki , Tomotaka Okubo , Sagawa Hiroyuki , Tanaka Tomohiro , Iwakura Hiroshi , Takahashi Hiroki , Matsuo Yoichi , Mitsui Akira , Kimura Masahiro , Takahashi Satoru , Takiguchi Shuji
Published: November 2022

Obesity is an important health problem, which can be prevented through appetite control. Ghrelin is an appetite-stimulating hormone considered to promote obesity. Thus, we examined whether gastric stretching affects ghrelin secretion. We investigated the role of transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) in gastric glands in the regulation of ghrelin secretion. TRPV4 immunostaining was performed in tissue samples from 57 patients who underwent gastrectomy. TRPV4 expression was compared between patients with (body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30) and without (BMI <30) obesity. For in vitro experiments, we used MGN3-1 cells, a ghrelin-producing cell line derived from mice. To investigate the bioactivity of TRPV4, MGN3-1 cells were treated with TRPV4 agonists and antagonists, and changes in intracellular Ca2+ concentration were confirmed. The concentration of ghrelin in the cell supernatant was measured using the ELISA with and without 120% stretch stimulation. TRPV4 expression was significantly higher in patients with obesity than in those without at all sites, except the fornix. Immunostaining confirmed the expression of TRPV4 in MGN3-1 cells. TRPV4 agonist administration increased intracellular Ca2+ concentration and ghrelin secretion in MGN3-1 cells, whereas the administration of the agonist combined with the antagonist decreased intracellular Ca2+ concentration and ghrelin secretion. Ghrelin secretion significantly increased in response to a 120% stretch in MGN3-1 cells. However, secretion was not increased by stretch when cells were treated with a TRPV4 antagonist. TRPV4 regulates ghrelin secretion in response to stretch in the stomach, which may affect body weight.
A Remark Related Pseudo-Differential Operators on Multi-Parameter Besov-Lipschitz and Triebel-Lizorkin Spaces
Authors: Xu Chengdan
Published: November 2022

Let a symbol

σ

x
,
ξ

belongs to the class

S

1
,
1

,

δ

1

,

δ

2

0
,
0

with

x
,
ξ
∈

ℝ

n

1

×

ℝ

n

2

and

0
≤

δ

1

,

δ

2

<
1

. This paper mainly establish the boundedness of the class of all bi-parameter pseudo-differential operators associated with the symbol

σ

x
,
ξ

on the multi-parameter non-homogeneous Besov-Lipschitz and Triebel-Lizorkin spaces.
How School Climate Affects Student Performance: A Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis Based on the Perspective of Education System
Authors: Yu Zehui , Jiang Xiaodi
Published: November 2022

School climate’s dynamic effect on student is widely explored in the study in different subjects; however, quietly, a few types of research concentrate on comparing different dimensions of school climate’s effect on student and the influence path in different countries. To analyze and compare the school climate’s mechanism in different countries’ basic education system, this article used a comparative method to explore the explanation of school climate on school students’ performance. With the application of 73 countries’ panel data from the PISA database, the author calculated the different school climate combinations’ consistency and coverage in relation to school students’ performance by fs-QCA. The author found that the punctuality of students and the classroom discipline can explain the good performance of students. It also found that the combination of multidimensional school climate has a higher explanatory power than a single factor. Finally, this study ends with countermeasures and suggestions which include improving the school climate of the regional education system and improving the utility of school climate through the appropriate mix of school climate.
Acacia seyal var.: Acacia fistula (Schweinf.) Oliv. Based Parkland Practice, Farmers Perception, and Management Techniques in Case of Jarsa Kebele, Guba Lafto District of Amhara Region, Northeast Ethiopia
Authors: Belayneh Alayu Haile
Published: November 2022

Acaciaseyal is seen as a common on-farm tree species in the Rift valley of Ethiopia, predominantly in the Guba Lafto district of northeastern Ethiopia. Maintenance and improving existing practices and incorporation of multipurpose trees in farms got a due focus to increase agricultural productivity, but the information is limited about farmers’ perceptions, traditional knowledge, and practice about the species and its parkland system in the study site. The information was gathered via household interviews, focused group discussions, and key informant interview tools. Systematic random sampling technique was employed for household selection. 47 sample households were selected, and information was generated via descriptive and logistic analysis techniques. The result explored that Acacia seyal was considered by respondents as an invasive species and the majority of household respondents (87%) showed a negative perception of intercropping the species with annual crops due to its impact on companion crops and soil values. However, most of them (61.7%) were willing to sustain it along the boundary (83%), at an on-farm soil bund (36.2%) and at an open grazing area (19.1%) for its off-farm economic role. They retained it primarily for fuel wood purposes (95%), for cash (34%), and for livestock feed (25%). Pruning is the main management practice adopted for the species for the sake of minimizing the shade effect and to get its byproducts. Generally, farmers reflect a negative attitude to the species’ productivity role in the integrated system but understand its positive socioeconomic contribution outside their crop farms. Therefore, the investigation directs, as it will be advantageous to manage the species under the off-farm growing niche for its better synchronization to the farmers, but further work needs to be conducted in large scale survey and on its economic advantage at off-farm growing conditions for a radical shift in the farming system.
Predicting Molecular Subtype and Survival of Rhabdomyosarcoma Patients Using Deep Learning of H&E Images: A Report from the Children's Oncology Group
Authors: Milewski David , Jung Hyun , Brown G. Thomas , Liu Yanling , Somerville Ben , Lisle Curtis , Ladanyi Marc , Rudzinski Erin R. , Choo-Wosoba Hyoyoung , Barkauskas Donald A. , Lo Tammy , Hall David , Linardic Corinne M. , Wei Jun S. , Chou Hsien-Chao , Skapek Stephen X. , Venkatramani Rajkumar , Bode Peter K. , Steinberg Seth M. , Zaki George , Kuznetsov Igor B. , Hawkins Douglas S. , Shern Jack F. , Collins Jack , Khan Javed
Published: November 2022

Purpose:

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is an aggressive soft-tissue sarcoma, which primarily occurs in children and young adults. We previously reported specific genomic alterations in RMS, which strongly correlated with survival; however, predicting these mutations or high-risk disease at diagnosis remains a significant challenge. In this study, we utilized convolutional neural networks (CNN) to learn histologic features associated with driver mutations and outcome using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) images of RMS.

Experimental Design:

Digital whole slide H&E images were collected from clinically annotated diagnostic tumor samples from 321 patients with RMS enrolled in Children's Oncology Group (COG) trials (1998–2017). Patches were extracted and fed into deep learning CNNs to learn features associated with mutations and relative event-free survival risk. The performance of the trained models was evaluated against independent test sample data (n = 136) or holdout test data.

Results:

The trained CNN could accurately classify alveolar RMS, a high-risk subtype associated with PAX3/7-FOXO1 fusion genes, with an ROC of 0.85 on an independent test dataset. CNN models trained on mutationally-annotated samples identified tumors with RAS pathway with a ROC of 0.67, and high-risk mutations in MYOD1 or TP53 with a ROC of 0.97 and 0.63, respectively. Remarkably, CNN models were superior in predicting event-free and overall survival compared with current molecular-clinical risk stratification.

Conclusions:

This study demonstrates that high-risk features, including those associated with certain mutations, can be readily identified at diagnosis using deep learning. CNNs are a powerful tool for diagnostic and prognostic prediction of rhabdomyosarcoma, which will be tested in prospective COG clinical trials.
Recurrent Cholangitis Secondary to a Traumatic Biliary Neuroma
Authors: Rayyan Nadin Y. , Aburumman Razan N. , Altaweel Luma , Albustami Nadwa , Al-Abbadi Mousa A. , Rayyan Yaser M.
Published: November 2022

Biliary amputation neuroma is rare and difficult to diagnose preoperatively due to diversity of clinical presentation and a lack of awareness among healthcare providers. We present a case of biliary neuroma arising from a recent laparoscopic cholecystectomy, complicated by bile leak and recurrent cholangitis. An extensive review of the literature was performed, closely examining related etiology, trends in age, clinical symptomology, and time to presentation. The role of surgery compared to an endoscopic approach in diagnosis has been reviewed. Physicians are urged to remain mindful of malignant biliary strictures as they may easily mimic and misguide the diagnosis of a traumatic biliary neuroma.
Perception and Experiences of Undergraduate Nursing Students on Clinical Learning Environment in a Public University
Authors: Rozario Mabel D , Begum Delowara , Costa Noopur D. , Nasrin Most , Akter Hasina
Published: November 2022

Background: Clinical learning is viewed as a fundamental and essential part of nursing education. Clinical training offers chances to use the theoretical knowledge in practice, raise problem-solving and executive skills, learn time management, collaborate with others, and develop professionalism. Objective: This study intended to reveal the perceptions and experiences of the clinical learning environment of undergraduate nursing students and the influencing factors of the clinical learning process. Methodology: A mixed-method approach comprising qualitative, exploratory, and phenomenological research design was used. Nonprobability purposive sampling technique was applied to select the sample. Data were collected by mixed methods of inquiries of 14 in-depth interviews, 4 focus group discussions, and clinical observations from third- and fourth-year bachelor of nursing students. A content analysis approach was used to analyze the collected contents. Results: The study identified seven factors influencing nursing students’ clinical learning experience. An expert clinical instructor, supportive role of clinical nurses, reliable communication and relationship, job description, theory-practice integration, availability of resources, and social and psychological factors are essential for effective clinical learning. Conclusion: Nursing students face many challenges in the clinical learning environment. For effective clinical learning, the seven identified factors are recommended to consider while designing clinical learning instruments for the students.
The Choice between Intravenous and Subcutaneous Immunoglobulins: Aspects for Consideration
Authors: von Achenbach Caroline , Hevia Hernandez Giselle , von Gunten Stephan
Published: November 2022

Background: Intravenous immunoglobulin and subcutaneous immunoglobulin preparations are used to treat primary and secondary immunodeficiencies, as well as autoimmune and inflammatory conditions. Summary: For certain indications, only defined formulations or routes of administration are approved by health authorities. However, for other diseases, there are more options, and treatment decisions may be based on different aspects, such as patient conditions and preferences, pharmacokinetics, or pharmacoeconomic considerations. Key Messages: Understanding the two different treatment modalities may support the decision-making for the optimal therapeutic option for individual patients. This review summarizes the latest insights into the direct and indirect comparison between the two types of products.
The EASO New Investigator Award in Clinical Research 2021: Role of Chronotype in Obesity
Authors: Muscogiuri Giovanna
Published: November 2022

Background: Chronotype is the expression of the timing of circadian rhythmicity of a subject, and three categories of chronotype have been identified: morning, evening, and intermediate chronotype. Subjects with morning chronotype prefer to carry out most of their daily activities in the morning, while subjects with evening chronotype perform most of their daily activities in the second half of the day. Intermediate chronotype is in an intermediate position between the above reported categories. Recently, evening chronotype has been associated with an increased risk of developing chronic diseases. Thus, the aim of this manuscript was to review the current evidence on the role of chronotype categories on the risk of developing obesity and the most common obesity-related comorbidities (cardiometabolic and neoplastic complications). Summary: Subjects with evening chronotype have been reported to be at high risk of developing obesity, and this was mostly due to the tendency of these subjects to follow unhealthy lifestyle mostly characterized by sedentary behavior and high intake of unhealthy food. In addition, sleep disturbances are a common finding in subjects with evening chronotype that in turn could further contribute to the risk of obesity. The impairment of insulin sensitivity, melatonin, adiponectin, and clock genes function along with increase of leptin secretion detected in subjects with evening chronotype could also represent a favorable milieu for the onset of obesity-related cancer. The current evidence is limited to breast, prostate, and endometrial cancer. Key Messages: The chronotype categories could be easy assessed in subjects with obesity and at the same time provide an important information on an additional risk factor predisposing to the onset of obesity-related comorbidities. Since chronotype could be potentially modified through a behavioral-driven approach thus potentiating the efficacy of anti-obesity treatment, the assessment of chronotype categories should be included in the management of obesity.
Development and Validation of a Cardiovascular Disease Risk Prediction Model for Patients with Non-Dialysis-Dependent Chronic Kidney Diseases Based on the Nomogram
Authors: Li Ning , Wang Zhao , Yang Xue , Xie Haitao , Gu Qinglong , Guo Jun , Li Zhiqiang
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Most chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients experience cardiovascular issues before commencing renal replacement therapy. An accuracy prediction model is helpful for physicians to assess cardiovascular prognoses in each individual and to provide insights on how to outline individualized lines of therapy. Method: This study enrolled 1,138 participants with non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease (NDD-CKD). Following a proportion of 7:3, patients were randomly assigned to training and validation cohorts. The relevant predictors of cardiovascular events were screened using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) regression. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and the calibration curve with 1,000 bootstrap resamples were used to assess the nomogram’s performance. Tests on the discrimination of the prediction model used Kaplan-Meier (KM) curve. Results: After screening all the predictors by lasso regression, the five remaining ones (albumin, estimated glomerular filtration rate, etiology of CKD, cardiovascular disease history, and age) were used to construct the prediction model. The AUCs of 1 year, 2 years, and 3 years were 0.81 (95% CI = 0.75–0.87), 0.80 (95% CI = 0.75–0.86), and 0.80 (95% CI = 0.73–0.86), respectively. The calibration curve and the KM curve showed good prediction features, and the external validation also had a good prediction performance (AUCs of 1, 2, and 3 years were 0.77, 0.84, and 0.82, respectively). Conclusion: We successfully developed a novel nomogram that has decent prediction performance and can be used for assessing the probability of cardiovascular events in patients with NDD-CKD, displaying valuable potential for clinical application.
ЕВОЛЮЦІЯ ЕПІДЕМІЧНОГО ПРОЦЕСУ КИШКОВИХ ІНВАЗІЙ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Шагінян В.Р. , Фільчаков І.В. , Данько О.П. , Сопіль Г.В. , Ясеновий С.П.
Published: November 2022

Мета роботи – на підставі аналізу даних статистичних звітних форм МОЗ України та результатів власних паразитологічних досліджень вивчити перебіг епідемічного процесу кишкових інвазій в Україні.

Аналізували показники інвазованості населення України найбільш розповсюдженими гельмінтами: аскаридами та гостриками. Для аналізу динаміки показників інвазованості були розраховані середні показники за періоди: 1984-1988, 1994-1998, 2009-2014 рр. Проаналізували динаміку виявлення кишкових паразитів за результатами досліджень протягом 1995-2020 рр.

За даними статистичної звітності МОЗ встановили чітку тенденцію до зниження показників захворюваності на кишкові паразитози, що пояснюється як зменшенням кількості паразитологічних досліджень, так і широким використанням протигельмінтних препаратів з профілактичною метою. Оцінити можливі негативні наслідки такої практики можна буде лише згодом. За даними наших спостережень, встановлена динаміка до зростання поширеності кишкових паразитозів за рахунок найпростіших, зокрема Blastocystis spp. На даний час ми спостерігаємо картину еволюційних змін у видовому складі кишкових паразитозів людини в бік домінування найпростіших з низькими патогенними властивостями.
ПОРІВНЯННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ РІЗНИХ СХЕМ ТЕРАПІЇ ХВОРИХ НА ХРОНІЧНИЙ ГЕПАТИТ С НА ФОНІ ВІЛ-ІНФЕКЦІЇ ТА БЕЗ НЕЇ
Authors: Москалюк В.Д. , Рудан І.В.
Published: November 2022

Мета роботи – порівняння ефективності різних схем терапії хворих на хронічний гепатит С (ХГС) з використанням моно- і пангенотипних противірусних препаратів прямої дії (ПППД) при супутній ВІЛ-інфекції та без неї, а також зіставлення отриманих результатів з рядом міжнародних досліджень.

Пацієнти і методи. Обстежено 71 хворого на ХГС, а також 77 – з поєднаною ВІЛ-інфекцією/ХГС. 37 хворих на ХГС і 22 – на ВІЛ-інфекцію у поєднанні з ХГС отримували дві схеми терапії: переважно моногенотипну (ледіпасвір 90 мг + софосбувір 400 мг 1 раз на добу внутрішньо), або пангенотипну комбінацію ПППД – софосбувір 400 мг і велпатасвір 100 мг 1 раз на добу внутрішньо. Тривалість терапії за обома схемами становила 12 тиж.

Результати. Пацієнти в порівнюваних групах за основними параметрами не відрізнялися, за винятком осіб з ХГС без ВІЛ-інфекції, які були старші за віком (р<0,05).

За відсутності ВІЛ-інфекції через 4 тиж моногенотипної терапії у 78,9 %хворих, інфікованих 1b генотипом HCV, встановили зниження активності АлАТ і АсАТ, і така ж кількість осіб досягла вірусологічну відповідь.

Після закінчення 12-тижневого курсу моногенотипна терапія продемонструвала біохімічну відповідь у 89,5 %, а вірусологічну – у 78,9 % хворих, інфікованих 1b генотипом HCV. Стійка ж вірусологічна відповідь була досягнута у 73,7 % хворих з аналізованим генотипом HCV.

Пангенотипна схема використання ПППД (софосбувір у поєднанні з велпатасвіром) забезпечувала кращі результати – усі пацієнти, незалежно від генотипу збудника, отримали біохімічну та стійку вірусологічну відповідь.

Суттєвих змін у клінічному перебігу ВІЛ-інфекції у ВІЛ/HCV-коінфікованих під час лікування ХГС не було.

Висновки. У разі комбінації ВІЛ-інфекції з ХГС ефективніть апробованих схем була подібною з хворими на HCV-моноінфекцію: стійка вірусологічна відповідь (СВВ) при застосуванні моногенотипної терапії ПППД досягнута у 66,7 % хворих з 1b генотипом HCV, та в усіх ВІЛ-інфікованих, які отримували апробовану пангенотипну комбінацію ПППД. При цьому пангенотипна схема привабливіша не тільки з огляду на вищу ефективність, але й у зв’язку з відсутністю серйозних небажаних явищ.

Порівняльний аналіз результатів цього дослідження з результатами терапії ХГС в міжнародних протоколах показав, що частота СВВ у наших пацієнтів зіставна з аналогічними дослідженнями ASTRAL-1, ASTRAL-3, ASTRAL-5 та американських і західноєвропейських науковців щодо терапії ХГС, а також ВІЛ/HCV-коінфекції.

Лікування ХГС у ВІЛ-інфікованих пацієнтів варто розпочинати якомога раніше, після встановлення діагнозу хронічного гепатиту, доки немає глибокого фіброзу й клінічних ознак цирозу печінки і хворі не потребують призначення антиретровірусної терапії. У такому разі вірогідність досягнення СВВ при ВІЛ/HCV-коінфекції наближається до результатів терапії хворих тільки на ХГС.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПЕРЕБІГУ ІНФЕКЦІЙНИХ ХВОРОБ У ДІТЕЙ, ПЕРЕМІЩЕНИХ ІЗ ЗОН БОЙОВИХ ДІЙ
Authors: Литвин Г.О. , Покровська Т.В. , Дибас І.В. , Стасів М.В.
Published: November 2022

Представлено клінічні випадки хвороб у дітей, переміщених із зони бойових дій, які тривалий час перебували в бомбосховищах у тісному контакті з великою кількістю людей, в тому числі хворих на різні інфекційні недуги. Діти за короткий час перенесли по декілька інфекційних хвороб, що послабило їх імунний статус. Клінічні випадки демонструють: тяжку геморагічну форму вітряної віспи з вторинною тромбоцитопенією; мультисистемний запальний синдром, асоційований з COVID-19, із симптомокомплексом, схожим на кір; вторинний гнійний менінгоенцефаліт (E. coli), який ускладнив субдуральну гематому. Командна робота кваліфікованих фахівців різних спеціальностей дала бажаний результат – усі діти одужали.
Кон’юнктивне застосування приладів на базі платформи Android при радіовізіографічному дослідженні за умов війни в Україні
Authors: Ясінський М. М. , Караван Я. Р. , Руснак М. А. , Касіянчук М. В.
Published: November 2022

Резюме. В експерименті визначали доцільність застосування способу медичної навігації, ендоскопії та радіовізіографії на тлі дії травматичного фактора на біологічну тканину при оперативному втручанні.

Мета дослідження – визначити ефективність способу медичної навігації у доклінічному дослідженні з використанням платформи Android та приладу мобільного зв’язку при оперативному втручанні для максимально можливого збереження кісткової тканини.

Матеріали і методи. Проведено експериментальну операцію дентальної імплантації із реєстрацією впливу травматичного подразника на окістя в ділянці імплантата. Для контролю позиціонування імплантата використовували навігаційний модуль (патент України № 68641), який інтегрували з мобільним телефоном на платформі Аndroid. Динамічний тиск на окістя також визначали за власною методикою із застосуванням тензорезистора. Деформацію кісткової тканини досліджували за допомогою індуктивного вимірювача переміщення. Результати експерименту ми порівняли із результатами, одержаними в експерименті з навігаційними системами, інтегрованими зі стаціонарним комп’ютером під управлінням ОС WINDOWS. Визначали доцільність інтегрування приладу медичної навігації на платформі Аndroid із стандартизованою стоматологічною установкою з позиції ергономіки роботи лікаря-імплантолога.

Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Клілінічні випробування приладу медичної навігації «Навігатор ЮК-А» забезпечили точність кутового позиціонування імплантата на рівні 2±0,5' (якщо кутове переміщення менше 25') і 1±0,5' (якщо кутове переміщення менше 5'), точність лінійного позиціонування складала (0,50±0,050) мм (при переміщенні імплантата до 10 мм). Проміжок до 0,1–0,5 мм між окістям і платформою імплантата є граничним. При однаковому обертовому зусиллі в ділянці платформи імплантата тиск на кісткову тканину зростає непропорційно, а при деякому значенні має руйнівний характер. У 22 % випадків ми спостерігали продов­ження процесу деформації кісткового прошарку на протязі ≈ 3 хв після зняття механічного навантаження. При порівнянні експериментів результати зіставні, різниця швидкості передачі даних суб’єктивно не визначається. Можливе подвійне застосування платформи приладу.

Висновки. Запропонований підхід оптимізує процес оперативного втручання і рекомендований до клінічного застосування. Використання платформи Android у системах медичної навігації актуальне у зв’язку з розвитком телекомунікаційних технологій.
Дистанційне навчання в реаліях часу на кафедрі ортопедичної стоматології
Authors: Бєліков О. Б. , Бєлікова Н. І. , Левандовський Р. А.
Published: November 2022

Резюме. Академічний осередок будь-якого закладу вищої освіти повинен завжди протистояти викликам часу. В сучасних умовах під час військового стану в Україні – це справжній виклик, бо існує безліч перешкод, що відрізняє навчання сьогодні від навчання під час довготривалих карантинів, зумовлених пандемією COVID-19. Розпочати навчальний процес у нових реаліях часу було не просто, тому що виникало багато факторів, серед яких визначальну роль займала безпека учасників освітнього процесу в закладах освіти, відсутність загрози для життя та здоров’я мешканців міста.

Мета дослідження – дати характеристику розвитку сучасних та доступних методів дистанційної освіти на кафедрі ортопедичної стоматології для забезпечення безперервності навчального процесу зі студентами, лікарями-інтернами та лікарями-слухачами в умовах військового стану.

Матеріали і методи. Для створення раціональної та доступної системи дистанційної освіти в умовах, що склались, потрібно було обрати одну із поширених і безкоштовних для здобувачів та викладачів освітніх платформ. В нашому університеті зворотний зв’язок із студентами, лікарями-інтернами, лікарями-слухачами забезпечили за рахунок використання платформи Google Meet. Нею можуть користуватись усі учасники навчального процесу, які зареєстровані у Google. Під час дистанційного навчання можна використати весь контент необхідних навчальних матеріалів (план лекцій та практичних занять на найближчий період, методичні розробки, презентації, аудіофайли, навчальні фільми до теми, переліки тестових питань для контролю вхідного та вихідного рівня знань).

Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Враховуючи складні реалії часу під час військового стану, система дистанційного навчання у стоматологічній освіті має стати невід’ємною частиною освітнього процесу та безперервного професійного розвитку здобувачів освіти. Дистанційна форма навчання повинна враховувати: наближеність до окупованих територій; наявність у викладачів та здобувачів освіти пристроїв для організації навчального процесу засобами цифрових технологій та постійного інтернет-з’єднання; швидкість інтернет-з’єднання; можливість підключення до Wi-Fi- роутерів; відсутність зв’язку через знаходження в укриттях, знаходження в багатолюдній аудиторії, перебої зі світлом і тому не можливість своєчасного під’єднання до початку заняття тощо. Отже, у цих ситуаціях треба підходити до навчання індивідуально.