bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Are mucocutaneous lesions seasonal in Behçet's disease?
Authors: FETTAHLIOĞLU KARAMAN Bilge
Published: March 2022

Purpose: Although it is worth to investigate seasonality in a disease that has a recurrent course, this issue has not been dealt with sufficiently for Behçet’s disease. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether or not frequencies of its mucocutaneous attacks varied between months of the year.

Materials and Methods: One hundred eight patients with Behçet’s disease were retrospectively evaluated in terms of attacks of oral aphthae, genital ulcers, and erythema nodosum. For their each visit, a four-week period preceded this visit and dates of attack onsets in this period were taken into consideration. Then, by using them, mean monthly attack numbers were calculated for time series analysis.

Results: Although mean monthly attack numbers were higher in May and October for oral aphthae and in August for genital ulcers, seasonalities were not verified by time series analysis.

Conclusion: After a literature search on PubMed, there is only one study that detected no seasonality for mucocutaneous lesions of Behçet’s disease, and only one study detected a seasonality for oral aphthae. However, it is worth noting that time series analysis is not utilized in these studies. Since the present study is retrospective, its results should be verified by diary-based prospective studies that include time series analysis.
Molecular epidemiological typing of M. tuberculosis isolates isolated from Turkey's Eastern Anatolia with in house PCR method
Authors: AYDIN Elif , TARHAN Gülnur , ŞAHİN Funda , EREN Sami
Published: March 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study as to compare microscopy and culture results of samples, determine drug resistance rates of the isolates, evaluate epidemiological relationship between the strains with ERIC-PCR, RAPD-PCR, OUT-PCR based on in house PCR technique.

Materials and Methods: Direct microscopy and culture results of 2010 samples were analyzed. Drug sensitivity results were obtained from TULSA. The typing of isolates based on in house PCR was carried out in the microbiology laboratory of a faculty of medicine in a state university.

Results: Of positive samples, 2.68% had Acid-resistant bacilli (ARB) positive + culture positivity, 2.93% had ARB positive and culture negative in smear, and 1.34% had ARB negative and culture positivity in smear. Resistance to primary antituberculous (anti-TB) drugs wasn’t observed in 33 culture positive isolates, whereas resistance to one or more primary anti-TB drugs was observed in 9.09%. Single drug resistance was 3.03%, resistance to Isoniazid (INH) and INH critical drugs was 6.06%. Isolates were divided 3 groups by ERIC-PCR, 5 groups for OUT-PCR and 6 by RAPD-PCR.

Conclusion: Positivity rates were low due to low rate of studied samples, negative samples taken during treatment process. Molecular techniques like ERIC-PCR, RAPD-PCR and OUT-PCR are easy, fast and inexpensive methods for the epidemiological typing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in evaluating distinctions, similarities between origins.
Method for solving social dilemmas based on multi-agent learning and reputation
Authors: Alfimtsev A.N. , Sakulin S.A. , Bolshakov V.E. , Bykov N.V. , Tovarnov M.S. , Vlasova N.S.
Published: March 2022

Many real-world problems contain social dilemmas that express contradictions between individual and public interests. Such tasks can be solved using deep multi-agent learning. This article focuses on reputation-based social dilemma solving and multi-agent reinforcement learning. Target of the work is the development of a method for solving social dilemmas based on deep multi-agent reinforcement learning. A method for solving social dilemmas based on deep multi-agent reinforcement learning is proposed. The difference between the method and the known analogs is based on the use of the agent's reputation as a part of the reward function. Reputation, in turn, depends on the degree of cooperation of an agent with other agents. The software implementation of the method is done in Python using the open library Pytorch. The effectiveness of the method was assessed on the basis of comparison with methods for solving social dilemmas without taking into account cooperation between agents. The results of the work can be used to create software for unmanned vehicles of the city's transport system. A balance between collective and individual interests by solving social dilemmas in a “smart city” can be achieved through the application of the method proposed in the article.
Analysis of Causality Interactions Between Education, Inequality, and Unemployment Toward Poverty in East Java: Empirical Evidence from Dynamic Panel Co-integration Model
Authors: Firdauzi Indrawan , Dewi Ni Made Ratih Kusuma
Published: March 2022

The issue of poverty has been faced for a long time. In Indonesia today, East Java is the most significant contributor to the poor people. With various policies that the government has implemented, the issue of poverty remains unsolved. This study, therefore, discusses the causality relationship between education, inequality, and unemployment toward poverty in East Java. Using secondary data from the Central Statistics Agency of Indonesia (BPS), we estimated dynamic panel data of cities and regencies in East Java from 2012 to 2017. Employing the Granger causality approach, it was found that education has a one-way relationship with inequality and a two-way relationship with unemployment. In addition, poverty has a one-way relationship with all the variables used. In the long term, education has a negative correlation with poverty. According to our findings, both the government and the private sector need to expand more job opportunities and improve education for the poor as both sectors significantly reduce poverty in the long term.
Exposure or Income? The Unequal Effects of Pollution on Daily Labor Supply
Authors: Hoffmann Bridget , Rud Juan Pablo
Published: March 2022

We use high-frequency data on fine particulate matter air pollution (PM 2.5) at the locality level to study the effects of high pollution on labor supply decisions and hospitalizations for respiratory disease in the metropolitan area of Mexico City. We document a negative, non-linear relationship between PM 2.5 and same-day labor supply, with strong effects on days with extremely high pollution levels. On these days, the average worker experiences a reduction of around 7.5% of working hours. Workers partially compensate for lost hours by increasing their labor supply on days that follow high-pollution days. Informal workers reduce their labor supply less than formal workers on high-pollution days and also compensate less on the following days. This suggests that informal workers may experience greater exposure to high pollution and greater reductions in labor supply and income. We provide evidence that reductions in labor supply due to high pollution are consistent with avoidance behavior and that income constraints may play an important role in workers' labor supply decisions.
Perfil de los administradores de propiedad horizontal en conjuntos residenciales
Authors: Torres-Flórez Dagoberto , Bravo-Beltrán Dania Naived , Guevara-Clavijo Nelson
Published: March 2022

En Colombia, la ley 675 de 2001 establece la clasificación de las propiedades horizontales de acuerdo al usoresidencial, comercial y mixto, y considerando el incremento de conjuntos cerrados, en coherencia con la norma, relaciona que el administrador debe acreditar idoneidad (sin más especificaciones de requisitos) y debido a la poca evidencia sobre el perfil del administrador de propiedad horizontal de conjuntos cerrados en Villavicencio, se busca identificar sus características sociodemográficas, las compensaciones y su forma de vinculación, además de describir las competencias del saber, hacer y ser de su labor. Esta es una investigación de carácter descriptivo e inferencial con enfoque cuantitativo, se aplicó el instrumento Mp09 Perfil Gerencial, y sus resultados se organizaron, clasificaron y procesaron bajo el software estadístico SPSS para el análisis de datos, donde se calculan las frecuencias y los estadísticos descriptivos de las variables ylos elementos necesarios para el desarrollo de los objetivos. Se encontró que las compensaciones y el tipo de vinculación, tomando en cuenta algunas variables de importancia, no evidencian ninguna relación, así como que la variable ‘género’, frente a la de ‘salario’, presentó entre ambos diferencias notables. En cuanto al salario, analizado junto con otras variables, se identifica la importancia de la existencia de una mejora en la estructura de asignación salarial, y respecto a los tipos de competencias, algunas de ellas presentan mayor facilidad dado que su manejo es frecuente y tradicional. Además, frente a las debilidades como la gestión del cambio estratégico y la capacidad de actualizarse permanentemente, no se manejen de forma habitual pueden ser novedosas en el perfil de ese tipo de cargo. Esto podrá contribuir al mejoramiento de los profesionales que deseen vincularse al sector, también permite a los consejos de administración contar con un panorama general y actual que les permitirá establecer requisitos para futuras convocatorias de contratación para el cargo de Administrador.
Educación superior y su impacto en la generación de emprendimientos
Authors: David Tenorio Luis Enrique
Published: March 2022

El emprendimiento constituye uno de los pilares de desarrollo de toda economía, lo anterior por el desarrollo y creación de empresas con tamaños micros, pequeños y medianos , denominadas MiPymes, las que constituyen la mayor participación en la conformación de el tejido empresarial, creando empleos y riqueza para sus generadores, esta percepción conlleva a que en países como Colombia por ser una economía en vía de desarrollo se generen mas espacios para el fomento del emprendimiento, siendo las universidades uno de estos (Vásquez, 2017).
El objetivo de la presente investigación es mostrar que impacto genera en la creación de emprendimientos la educación universitaria a partir de analizar el entorno en el cual se encuentra el estudiante, su visión de futuro y las competencias desarrolladas entorno al emprendimiento.
Para lo anterior se utiliza una metodología de tipo descriptivo a partir de la participación de la institución en el GLOBAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP SURVEY STUDENT´S SPIRIT (GUESSS), con un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia, dada las dificultades presentadas por la suspensión de las clases presenciales, con la participación de 152 personas entre estudiantes y egresados de las tres facultades de la institución.
Se identifica como principal resultado la participación positiva que puede tener la educación superior en la generación de emprendimientos a partir de crear un entorno positivo al mismo, fortalecer las competencias emprendedoras y acercar al estudiante al emprendimiento, creando una percepción positiva del mismo.
OBSERVATIONS ON THE NEST OF BROWN-BELLIED SWALLOW Orochelidon murina (HIRUNDINIDAE) IN QUITO
Authors: Musschenga Maartje
Published: March 2022

I present observations on the nest, nestlings and parental care of the Brown-bellied Swallow Orochelidon murina in La Armenia, 7 km southeast of Quito, province of Pichincha, Ecuador. I observed the nest from 26 April-21 May 2020, every other day for 1.5-2 h, with a total of 20 h of observation. The nest was located in a drainpipe at 2.15 m above ground, in a wall surrounding a residence. The drainpipe had a diameter of 10 cm and a depth of 25 cm. The nest, which covered the drainpipe"™s entire length, consisted of a shallow mound of vegetal fibers, feathers and feces of the nest dweller. Clutch size was three and nestling period at least 25 days. Nestlings were fed on average 8 times/h (SD = 3.4; n = 11) over the observation period.The overall mean interval between visits was 5.3 min (SD = 5.4; n = 106) and mean visit time 0.3 min (SD = 0.9; n = 103). A third adult was observed around the nest on several occasions, but no active role in nestlings"™ care could be determined.
Design of Sewerage System and Wastewater Treatment in a Rural Sector: A Case Study
Authors: Merchán-Sanmartín Bethy , Aguilar-Aguilar Maribel , Morante-Carballo Fernando , Carrión-Mero Paúl , Guambaña-Palma Jaime , Mestanza-Solano Diego , Berrezueta Edgar
Published: March 2022

The accelerated growth of the population in recent years presents, as a great consequence, a significant increase in wastewater, which, on many occasions, is not discharged properly. This work aims to design a sewerage and wastewater treatment system in Las Mercedes commune in southern Ecuador based on geological, topographic, hydrological, geochemical and demographic parameters. All this focused on reducing pollution and complying with current national and international regulations, meeting the needs of the rural population studied. The methodology used consists of four phases: i) collection, inventory and processing of the base information ii) design of the sewerage system, ii) design of a wastewater treatment system and iv) environmental impact assessment and referential budget. The sewerage system consists of 3.2 km long PVC pipes that transport wastewater to a purification system of water pretreatment and facultative and maturation ponds. The designed system complies with a total purification of 636.27 MPN/100 ml of faecal coliforms (99.994%) and 35.30 mg/l of BOD5 (88%). The proposed design contributes to wastewater management and environmental education research, defining a combined model of a sewerage system with stabilisation ponds replicable in communities with similar conditions.
Implementations and Challenges of Sustainable Development Goals in Developing Nations: In the Case of South Gondar Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Gedifew Matebe Tafere , Lakew Destaw Amare
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this paper is to examine the implementations and challenges of SDGs in South Gondar. To attain this purpose, survey questionnaires were administered on a sample of 176 employees. While to the qualitative analysis interview and document observations were used. The study employed mixed methods research approach of parallel concurrent research design. For quantitative data analysis, one sample t-test, Pearson correlation and hierarchical linear regression were used. To the qualitative data, thematic analysis was employed. The study found that the SDG implementation in the study region was "moderate", with average differences between institutions. The major challenges facing the implementation of SDGs are unrealistic goal setting, lack of political commitment, lack of participation, lack of clear policy guide, lack of synergy, lack of capability and over emphasis on one pillar of development. This indicated that both key identified institutional challenges and goal setting characteristics determine the implementation of the SDGs in the study area. Based on this, the study recommends that the study area should set policy goals that are implementable. There should be also participation of the target beneficiaries in the SDGs implementation.
Status of E-resources in Select University Libraries of Haryana
Authors:   Punjabi University, Rani S , Kaur N ,   Punjabi University
Published: March 2022

Electronic resources have become an important part of a library collection. The value and use of these resources have increased significantly, especially in the prevailing COVID-19pandemic period. The article discusses a study conducted to explore the status of e-resources in select university libraries of Haryana.This study is based on primary data collected using a self-designed questionnaire from three well-established, multi-disciplinary state universities of Haryana, namely Kurukshetra University (KUK), Maharshi Dayanand University (MDU), and Chaudhary Devi Lal University (CDLU).The study did find Vivekananda Library of MDU to be equipped with maximum hardware infrastructural facilities as compared to other two university libraries. All the three university libraries are automated and using LIBSYS software. E-ShodhSindhu is subscribed by all the university libraries. Libraries of KUK and MDU provide links of open access databases such as Directory of Open Access Repositories (DOAR), Directory of Open Access Books (DOAB), Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) and National Digital Library of India (NDLI). MDU library and CDLU library are subscribing maximum e-book databases. E-journals are subscribed on perpetual access basis with archives by libraries of MDU and CDLU. The study further found that all university libraries take the feedback from their users regarding continuation or discontinuation of e-resources. Results of the study also reveal that only MDU library has permanent full-time librarian whereas other two university libraries are looked after by professor-in-charge of their universities, given the additional charge of librarian. The universitiesâ€™ libraries of Haryana need to subscribe more e-resources and appoint full-time librarian so as to better serve their users in the post COVID-19, new normal situation.
Library Software Skills: a case study of college libraries of Delhi
Authors:   University of Delhi, Bajpai V. K. , Madhusudhan M. ,   University of Delhi
Published: March 2022

The article accentuates the information communication tools (ICTs) skills of library and information science (LIS) professionals working in the 74 college libraries affiliated with the University of Delhi. In the present study, the respondents gathered the information through a structured questionnaire using the survey method. The questionnaires were distributed among 196 LIS professionals, and 171 filled-in questionnaires were collected personally and elicited 87.1%. The findings demonstrated that most LIS professionals are deficient regarding skills in burglar systems, electromagnetic security systems (ESS), access control system, quick response (QR) codes, biometric technology, content management systems, reference creation and management, R software in statistical package. On account of semi-professionals, it was revealed that they need to enhance ICT tool skills in digital library software, ESS, QR codes, biometric technology, content management system (CMS), reference management, and statistical software. The ICT tool skills will be at the centre of the necessary skills and fundamental to advancing learning skills, problem-solving, and critical, innovative, and systemic thinking towards improving their library services. The authors advocate that college libraries have to cross alongside technological adjustments that are taking location to continue to include value to higher learning establishments. It is also necessary to continue constructing LIS professional potential to ensure that they add value to college libraries. The study is noteworthy because it accentuates the ICT tools skills of LIS professionals and helps the University of Delhi authorities include courses for ICT skills in the academic/ professional curriculum, which would help the working LIS professionals to get capable in different ICT skills.
​Molecular Evidence of Hepatozoon felis Infection in Wild Captured Royal Bengal Tiger Cub (Panthera tigris tigris)
Authors: Kolangath S.M. , Upadhye S.V. , Dhoot V.M. , Pawshe M.D. , Shalini A.S. , Tembhurne P.A. , Kolte S.W.
Published: March 2022

Background: Tigers are protected under schedule I of the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972. The current report highlights the detection of Hepatoozoon felis in a tiger cub. The infection is transmitted by ingestion of infected tick, infected prey and carrion. It is subclinical in adults; however, the cubs and immunocompromised adults may show clinical symptoms. Concurrent infection with bacterial or viral infections may be fatal to the infected animal. Methods: Hepatozoonosis was detected by blood smear examination using Giemsa staining. A PCR targeting the 18S ribosomal RNA was used to confirm the infection. The amplicon was purified and sequenced using a sanger sequencer. The 18S ribosomal RNA fragment sequence was compared to the available sequences in NCBI database using the nucleotide BLAST Tool. Neighbour joining phylogenetic trees using the bootstrap method were constructed using MEGA X software. Result: The presence of an intermediate gamont stage in neutrophils was seen under high resolution. The 660 bp amplicon was purified, sequenced and analysed for identity using the nucleotide BLAST tool of NCBI. The sequence was found to be 99.32%, similar to Hepatozoon felis. The phylogenetic analysis by neighbour joining phylogenetic tree using the bootstrap method indicated similarity with other reported sequences of H. felis isolated from Asian Lions. The sequence, however, was very dissimilar to the previously reported H. felis isolated from Royal Bengal Tiger. Considering the potential threat Hepatozoonosis can have in the wild, the prevalence must be estimated in prey base, sympatric cat species and arthropod vectors.
Host Plant Resistance for Bruchids in Pre-breeding Lines of Greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]
Authors: Harshitha G.P. , Jayamani P. , Manimegalai S. , Muthuswamy A.
Published: March 2022

Background: Bruchid beetle (Callosobruchus chinensis) is one of the devastating field carry over storage pest causing a huge crop loss, especially in greengram. The pre-breeding lines were developed by crossing between a cultivated variety, VBN (Gg) 2 and Vigna radiata var. sublobata, a progenitor species of greengram used as a resistant parent against bruchid. Methods: A total of 53 stabilized inter sub-specific lines along with parents were screened for bruchid resistance by ‘no choice’ method with two replications. Screening parameters were recorded for all the 53 lines and were statistically analysed. Damage assessment was carried out and the three resistant lines obtained during initial screening was further confirmed. Result: The low seed damage per cent was observed in three lines viz., GGISC-2 (18.00), GGISC-21 (20.00) and GGISC-49 (14.00). The susceptibility index was 0.048, 0.049 and 0.048 in GGISC-2, GGISC-21 and GGISC-49, respectively and hence, classified as bruchid resistant. Delayed adult emergence, uneven adult emergence, prolonged developmental period, small and malformed adults were the other parameters observed in resistant lines. The three resistant lines identified could be further utilized in the breeding programmes for the development of bruchid resistant varieties in greengram.
Implementation of the lesson study approach to develop teacher professionalism
Authors: Azhar Abukhanova , Nurgaliyeva Gulshan , Nurlan Abishev , Kairat Omarov , Berikzhan Oxikbayev , Mariyash Aralbekova
Published: March 2022

The education system should be designed to help in the preparation of individuals for life in the 21st Century. The purpose of this study is to use the Lesson Study approach in studying the geography of the updated content, to improve the professional competencies of teachers based on the results of students' perception levels. The research methods used included observation, experiment, interview, statistical analysis, comparison, and synthesis. The results exhibited that the Lesson Study approach can be used in improving the professional competencies of teachers and increasing the quality of teaching. The main provisions and conclusions obtained in the scientific article can be used to improve teachers' pedagogical skills in the context of the updated education content.

 

Keywords: content update; educational process; Lesson-Study; pedagogical approach.
Political participation and perceptions of justice and fairness: evidence from ESS data
Authors: Simonaityte Vitalija , Sarkute Ligita
Published: March 2022

There is a huge gap in research about the connection between political participation and perception of justice and fairness since few authors have analysed this phenomenon. The purpose of this article is to analyse the connection between political participation and people’s perception of fairness and justice, using a representative sample of the European Social Survey (ESS). This article is based on European Social Survey data of the 9th Round. Interviews were carried out with 47,086 respondents aged 15 and over in 27 European countries. The method of statistical data analysis was the correlation analysis of measures of political participation and measures of perceptions and evaluations of justice and fairness (Pearson’s r coefficient). From the results of the study, it was concluded that people participating in all political activities more often agree that society is fair when the political system allows people to have a say in what the government does.
Keywords: Distributive justice; Europe; fairness; justice; political participation;  procedural justice.
Conceptualization of 'Foot' metaphors in Persian and English idioms/proverbs: an intercultural communication study
Authors: Rahimi Ali , Karimi Zeynab
Published: March 2022

Peoples' experiences with their bodies play an essential role in the emergence of figurative thought. Hence, body-organ terms as a mapping process between the two domains are closely connected to the speakers' conceptual system. This study investigates the conceptualization of 'foot' in as many as 10000 Persian proverbs and idioms in six related Iranian proverb books. Conducting a corpus-based analysis,  based on  Schematic's model of conceptualization of cultural cognition developed by Sharifian (2011). This study elucidates how 'Pa,' the Persian equivalent for Foot, is conceptualized as being either tantamount to or being in the locality of feelings, thoughts, memories, and personality traits. Based on the findings,  the body part 'Pa' provides a conceptual foundation for Persian speakers to represent their cognitive, emotional, socio-cultural, and linguistic experiences.
 
Keywords: Body organs; Conceptual Metaphor Theory; Intercultural communication; Intercultural sensitivity.
Intra-NICU Patient Transfers: A Study of Frequency and Family and Staff Perceptions
Authors: Fults Marci Z. , McDonald Carrie , Russell Susan , Folenta DoryAnn , Whichard Frances , Ritchie Allan D. , Murphy Thomas
Published: March 2022

Aims:

(a) Quantify frequency of patient moves within a NICU with single patient and semi-private rooms (SPR). (b) Compare staff and parent perceptions of these moves.

Methods:

A hospital administrative database was evaluated to quantify the frequency of moves. A Room Change Questionnaire was devised to evaluate perceptions from NICU families and staff.

Results:

Most families reported experiencing at least 1 patient move (92 percent), with the majority reporting at least 3 moves (58 percent). Staff perceived moves as negative significantly more than parents (p < .01), and overreported negative family perceptions (p < .01). Overall, moves did not bother families (52 percent); however, most families who moved 3 or more times reported at least 1 negative perception (63 percent).

Conclusion:

SFRs increase the number of patient moves. NICU staff’s perception is significantly more negative than family’s perception; however, most families who were moved frequently reported at least 1 negative perception.
Safe Sleep Program for the NICU Nursing Staff: A Pilot Program
Authors: O’Shea Shannon , Mohr Lynn , Blancarte Alma
Published: March 2022

Purpose:

Following an assessment of safe sleep practices (SSP) and nurses’ safe sleep knowledge in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), an evidence-based 2-part safe sleep program including nurse education and the use of safe sleep cards was developed in an attempt to increase SSP.

Design:

A quality improvement project with time-series methodology, including observational and survey data collection.

Sample:

To assess SSP, sleep environment audits were completed pre- (N = 48) and post- safe sleep program (N = 44). To assess nurses’ safe sleep knowledge, a safe sleep questionnaire was distributed pre-education (N = 48) and post-education (N = 23).

Main Outcome Variable:

The change in SSP (ΔSSP) following safe sleep program implementation and change in nurses’ safe sleep knowledge (ΔKnowledge) following education.

Results:

SSP increased from 25 percent to 61 percent compliance, and nurses’ knowledge scores increased from 83 percent to 97 percent.
WHO Owns the Language: “Domination Code” in the Mental Health Gap Action Program
Authors: Walker David Edward
Published: March 2022

Sociohistorical analysis of four words commonly used in the language of Western mental health, Indigenousintelligencedisorder, and depression reveal a “Domination Code” masking past and present professional complicity of the U.S. and global mental health system in the oppression of Indigenous peoples. A historicity is offered of concepts of inferior Indigenous intelligence and current pseudoscientific ideologies within Western biological psychiatry dominating WHO’s mhGAP (Mental Health Gap Action Programme) exported to these communities. mhGAP’s cultural hegemony is achieved through Western mental health ideologies that decontextualize, depoliticize, minimize, and marginalize the lived experience of cultural oppression on health and wellbeing. This program appears to violate the spirit of Article 23 of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous people.
EMDR in the Time of the COVID-19 Pandemic in India: A Short Report
Authors: Adithy  , Emily de Wit Emma , Bunders-Aelen Joske G.F.
Published: March 2022

During the period of the COVID-19 pandemic from the start of 2020 till late 2021, mental health services—seeking and providing—have gone through various changes and adaptations. In this article, we report on eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) psychotherapy service providers in India, and how they adapted to the changing circumstances during this time, using a narrative enquiry approach.
Know the Code: Medications for Resuscitation in Neonates
Authors: McPherson Christopher
Published: March 2022

Resuscitations in the delivery room or the nursery cause significant stress for caregivers. Diligent preparation will improve the efficacy and safety of life-saving interventions and increase staff comfort. When establishment of an airway and delivery of positive pressure ventilation and chest compressions fail to result in return of spontaneous circulation, pharmacotherapeutic interventions should be considered. Epinephrine is first-line pharmacotherapy for severe bradycardia or cardiac arrest, increasing coronary arterial pressure and blood flow during chest compressions. Despite limited data regarding dosing and efficacy, the first dose of epinephrine may be delivered through the endotracheal tube during attainment of venous access (preferably a low-lying umbilical venous catheter in the delivery room). Intravenous dosing is preferred, and any facility caring for newborns must ensure optimized logistics including readily available dosing guidance and optimal flush volumes. After provision of epinephrine, additional medications may be considered, especially for resuscitations occurring outside of the immediate perinatal period, including normal saline, glucose, adenosine, atropine, and calcium. Clinicians must understand the indications, dosing, and monitoring parameters for these medications and ensure rapid availability for resuscitation. Every second truly counts in a neonatal resuscitation, and optimal understanding and preparation will ensure delivery of pharmacotherapy to optimize both patient outcomes and staff comfort.
Análisis de los factores: características del empresario, factores internos de la empresa y caracterísricas del sector que influyen en la exportación de joyas de oro con piedras semipreciosas de Lima Metropoliatana en el periodo 2015 – 2019
Authors:   , Cuchuñaupa Alarcón Alvaro Abel , Echegaray Guevara José Luis
Published: March 2022

El objetivo de la presente tesis es determinar que los factores, características del empresario, factores internos de la empresa y características del sector influyen en la exportación de joyas de oro con incrustaciones de piedras semipreciosas de Lima Metropolitana en el periodo 2015 - 2019. Con el fin de identificar la problemática del sector y dar a conocer las posibles recomendaciones. Para ello, tomamos como base de estudio a la partida arancelaria 71.13.19.00.00 “Artículos de joyería y sus partes, de metales preciosos distintos de la plata, incl. Revestidos” con el fin de obtener resultados verídicos. La investigación tiene un enfoque mixto “cuantitativo y cualitativo”, con una muestra de dieciséis empresas exportadoras de joyas de oro con incrustaciones de piedras semipreciosas de Lima Metropolitana, con el fin de responder al objetivo planteado. Además, se aplicó el análisis de correlación y factorial con el propósito de determinar la relación entre las variables en estudio, asimismo, tiene un enfoque no experimental. La investigación se basa en información mencionada por Asociación de Exportadores (ADEX, 2018), del total de la producción de oro y plata del Perú, se destina menos del 1% al sector joyero, dato que está por debajo del promedio mundial que es 48%. Repercutiendo de manera directa el desarrollo en el mercado interno y externo. Asimismo, ADEX recalcó que el fin del IV Congreso Internacional de Joyería y Orfebrería es reforzar las características del empresario brindando capacitación, empoderar el sector para mejorar la competitividad a nivel internacional.
Keabsahan Keadaan Solven Debitor sebagai Dasar Pertimbangan dalam Perkara Kepailitan
Authors: Panjaitan Clarita Stefanie , Kartikasari R. , Artaji Artaji
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article will discuss the basic considerations of the judge in considering the debtor’s solvent condition as the reason for rejecting the bankruptcy case. This article also provides an explanation that the consideration of debtor solvent conditions as the implementation of the principle of balance in the examination of bankruptcy cases is an essential thing to resolve the problems that occur in the Bankruptcy Law in order to create legal certainty for the parties The research method used in this article is a normative legal research method that is descriptive analytical, with the application of a normative juridical approach, by observing secondary data legal materials, with data collection techniques through document studies, with library analysis. The results of the article indicate that Judges must apply the principle of balance by taking into account the debtor’s solvent condition in examining Bankruptcy cases in order to protect the interests of the parties and the interests of the business community.Keywords: Bankruptcy; Insolvency Test; Principle of Balance.AbstrakPenelitian ini akan membahas mengenai dasar pertimbangan hakim dalam mempertimbangkan mengenai keadaan solven Debitor sebagai alasan penolakan perkara Kepailitan. Penelitian ini juga memberikan penjelasan bahwa pertimbangan keadaan solven Debitor sebagai implementasi asas keseimbangan dalam pemeriksaan perkara kepailitan, merupakan suatu hal yang esensial guna menyelesaikan problematika yang terjadi dalam Undang-Undang Kepailitan demi mewujudkan kepastian hukum bagi para pihak. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian hukum normatif yang bersifat deskriptif analitis, dengan penerapan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif, dengan melakukan pengamatan terhadap bahan-bahan hukum data sekunder, dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui studi dokumen, dengan analisis kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Hakim haruslah menerapkan asas keseimbangan dengan turut mempertimbangkan keadaan solven Debitor dalam memeriksa perkara Kepailitan guna melindungi kepentingan para pihak serta kepentingan masyarakat bisnis.Kata Kunci: Kepailitan; Insolvency Test; Prinsip Keseimbangan.
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Partisipasi Masyarakat (Anti SLAPP) Dalam Penegakan Hukum Lingkungan Hidup di Indonesia
Authors: Indrawati Nani
Published: March 2022

AbstractAnti SLAPP is a new terminology that was first recognized in the United States in 1996. Basically, Anti-SLAPP is a legal policy that provides legal protection for people who fight for the public interest’s purposes acknowledged in constitutional and statutory provisions. In Indonesia, the provisions which are similar to Anti-SLAPP in the environmental area (anti-eco SLAPP) is included in Article 66 of the Law on Environmental Protection and Management (LEPM) which intends to protect environmental defenders from criminal charges and lawsuits for exposing environmental rights violation. Law enforcers, especially judges, are still having difficulty in detecting cases that are indicated as SLAPP and stop the case to continue in the early stage. Article 66 of the LEPM are a symbol of legal protection, as well as a manifestation of the accommodative attitude of the LEPM towards the importance of environmental public participation including protecting individuals and groups who fight for the environmental rights against criminal charges and civil litigation. The lack of provisions on the procedures and mechanisms of the Anti-SLAPP makes it difficult to implement Article 66 of the LEPM. Consequently, law enforcers particularly court judges apply and interpret Article 66 of LEPM is not in line with the original intention of Anti SLAPP’s provision.Keywords: Anti-SLAPP; Public Participation; Environmental Law Enforcement.AbstrakAnti-SLAPP merupakan terminologi baru yang dikenal pertama kali di Amerika Serikat pada tahun 1996. Pada intinya Anti-SLAPP adalah ketentuan yang memberikan perlindungan hukum terhadap masyarakat yang memperjuangkan kepentingan publik yang diakui dalam konstitusi dan perundang-undangan. Di Indonesia, ketentuan serupa dengan Anti-SLAPP dibidang lingkungan hidup (anti-eco SLAPP) termuat dalam Pasal 66 Undang-Undang tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup (UU PPLH) yang dimaksudkan untuk melindungi para pembela lingkungan hidup dari tuntutan pidana dan gugatan perdata karena mengungkap pelanggaran hak atas lingkungan hidup. Para penegak hukum khususnya hakim masih mengalami kesulitan mendeteksi kasus yang terindikasi SLAPP dan menghentikan kasus pada tahap awal. Ketentuan Pasal 66 UU PPLH merupakan simbol perlindungan hukum, sekaligus sebagai wujud dari sikap akomodatif UU PPLH terhadap pentingnya peran serta masyarakat, termasuk melindungi individu dan kelompok masyarakat yang memperjuangkan hak atas lingkungan hidup dari tuntutan pidana dan gugatan perdata. Ketiadaan ketentuan tentang prosedur dan mekanisme Anti-SLAPP menyulitkan implementasi Pasal 66 UU PPLH. Akibatnya, para penegak hukum khususnya hakim dalam menerapkan dan menafsirkan Pasal 66 UU PPLH berbeda dengan tujuan awal ketentuan Anti SLAPP. Kata Kunci: Anti-SLAPP; Partisipasi Masyarakat; Penegakan Hukum Lingkungan Hidup.
Legal politics of the establishment of reserve funds for cemetery
Authors: Firdausi Firman , Hardianto Willy Tri , Lestari Asih Widi
Published: March 2022

Malang City as one of the developed cities in Indonesia has a lot of development potential. Development in the city certainly has its own obstacles. Malang City is experiencing growth and an increase in population. This certainly affects all regional developments in this city. One of the obstacles to this development is a legal vacuum in the provision of a cemetery for the public interest which is carried out by local governments based on the Regional Government Law. This study aims to find out the gaps in the authority of local governments in land acquisition through the agenda of Reserve Funds and land acquisition in the public interest. This study used a normative legal method that takes regulatory data from the central to regional governments and analyzed it using legal theory and social analysis. This study concludes that the procurement of cemeteries by the local government can be carried out by means of a limited area of 5 hectares and can be submitted through a reserve fund. A reserve fund is established because large-scale developments cannot be completed in one fiscal year.
Buya and religious issues in the 2019 presidential election in West Sumatra
Authors: Adlin Adlin
Published: March 2022

This article attempts to explain the influence of buya and religious issues on Jokowi’s vote decline in the 2019 Presidential Election (Pilpres) in West Sumatra. In the 2014 Presidential Election, Jokowi, who was paired with Jusuf Kalla, received 23.1 percent of the vote. However, in the 2019 Presidential Election, the vote share for Jokowi, who was paired with Ma’ruf Amin, fell to 14.1 percent. Ahead of the 2019 Presidential Election, there was a conflict between the buya in West Sumatra and Jokowi’s supporters regarding religious issues. This study used qualitative methods by relying on documentation studies related to the influence of the buya and religious issues ahead of the 2019 Presidential Election in West Sumatra. The study’s findings indicate that the buya and the majority of the people in West Sumatra practice modern Islam, while the vice-presidential candidate KH. Ma’ruf Amin practices traditional Islam. Religious issues in the form of the Islam Nusantara concept and the Sharia Regional Regulation (Perda) sharpen the difference between the buya and voters in West Sumatra with the Jokowi-Ma’ruf pair. It affected the defeat of Jokowi-Ma’ruf in West Sumatra in the 2019 Presidential Election.
The failure of the United States coercive diplomacy in the era of President Donald Trump: Turkey’s persistence in buying S-400
Authors: Triantama Febry , Berliana Cancera Triane , I'za Muhammad Yusril
Published: March 2022

Turkey decided to acquire the S-400 air defense system from Russia in 2017. This decision puts Turkey in the shadow of the United States’ coercive diplomacy through the CAATSA instrument. However, Turkey showed its persistence, as evidenced by the arrival of the S-400 in Turkey in 2019. This study aims to find out the reason for Turkey’s persistence using the concept of coercive diplomacy and descriptive-analytical methods. This article concludes that the reason for Turkey’s persistence in buying S-400 was the implementation of United States coercive diplomacy through CAATSA that tends to be “half-hearted”. “Half-hearted” coercive diplomacy done by the United States made all three strategies for a successful and effective coercive diplomacy cannot be achieved. First, the demands and threats presented did not have strong credibility and legitimacy. Second, the Turkish government’s lack of urgency in complying with the US demands contributed to the cause of such persistence. Finally, the absence of time pressure is also important to assure a successful and effective coercive diplomacy.
The Effect of Activated Charcoal Coffee Grounds (Coffea Sp.) as an Adsorbent on the Quality of the Liquid Sugar of Siwalan
Authors: Darus Roy
Published: March 2022

This study aimed to determine the adsorbent characteristics of coffee grounds activated charcoal (Coffea Sp.), optimum adsorption contact time, and differences in the quality of siwalan liquid sugar through adsorption and without adsorption. The characteristics of coffee grounds activated charcoal were determined by FTIR and SAA. FTIR characterization showed that activated coffee grounds charcoal contained functional groups of O-H, Csp2-H, Csp3-H, C-H2 methylene, C-O, and C=C-H. Characterization with SAA showed that the surface area of activated charcoal was 27.70 m2/g with a pore volume of 0.02 ml/g and an adsorption pore size of 1.63 nm. The optimum contact time of the adsorbent in the adsorption of impurities in the palm sap was 60 minutes. The siwalan liquid sugar, which went through adsorption, had a reducing sugar content of 6.70%, and the one without adsorption was 10.18%. While the ash content of siwalan liquid sugar through adsorption was 4.73%, and without adsorption was 6.5%. This value indicates that the quality of siwalan liquid sugar through adsorption is higher than that which does not go through the adsorption stage. Keywords: adsorption, activated charcoal, siwalan liquid sugar
Isolation and Characterization of Compounds from Cinnamon Oil (Cinnamomum burmanii) Distillation Residu
Authors: Astuti Maria Dewi , Fauzi Lathifah , Mustikasari Kamilia
Published: March 2022

This study aimed to isolate and characterize compounds from the distillation residue of cinnamon oil from Loksado, South Kalimantan. Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanii) distillation residue was extracted with methanol as solvent. The methanol extract was fractionated by liquid vacuum chromatography to obtain fractions A, B, C, and D. The crystals contained in fraction C were washed with cold n-hexane to obtain 5.4 mg of yellow isolate (FC1). FC1 isolates were characterized by UV-Vis, IR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectrophotometers. UV spectra showed a maximum wavelength at 307, 316, and 321 nm indicating the presence of a conjugated or aromatic system. The infrared spectra showed -C=O, -OH, C-O, C-H, C-N, and C=N groups. The 1H-NMR spectra showed the presence of aromatic protons at 6.38 ppm (1H, d, J=9.5 Hz), 7.67 ppm (1H, d, J=9.5 Hz), 7.29 ppm (1H, d, J=8 Hz), 7.44 ppm (1H, d, J=8 Hz), and 7.49 ppm (1H, t) and there was a methyl proton (acetyl group) at H 2.13 ppm (3H,s). The 13C-NMR spectra showed the presence of a C=O ketone group at 207.26 ppm and there were 9 C-sp2 at 116.9; 119.0;124.6; 128.1;132.0;143.7; 154.3; 161.0 ppm, which δC 161.0 ppm was C-oxyaryl. Based on UV, IR, 1H and 13C-NMR spectra data, FC1 isolate was suggested as an isoquinoline alkaloid substituted by OH and acetyl groups. Keywords: distillation residu, Cinnamomum burmanii, alkaloid, isoquinoline.
Toxicity Testing of White Kapul Fruit Rind Extract (Baccaurea macrocarpa) and Component Analysis using Chromatography Method
Authors: Rosyidah Kholifatu , Karmila Lisda , Astuti Maria Dewi
Published: March 2022

White Kapul was used in this study. This study aimed to determine the toxicity of the white Kapul fruit rind extract and its chemical content analysis using TLC and GC-MS. The extraction method used was gradual maceration, namely technical n-hexane, technical ethyl acetate, and technical methanol. Toxicity test using the BSLT method with Artemia salina larvae at the nauplii stage. The test showed that the LC50 value of ethyl acetate extract, methanol extract, and n-hexane extract was 350.87 ppm, 485.61 ppm, and 735.932 ppm, respectively. Based on LC50 values, all extracts had the potential as pesticides. The third extract of white Kapul fruit rind was carried out by TLC analysis to determine the pattern of its compound content. The results of the TLC analysis showed that each extract had different polarity compounds according to the polarity of each solvent. The most active extract, ethyl acetate extract, was further analyzed using GC-MS. There were 32 peak compounds at a retention time of 25.384 to 65.725 minutes in GC-MS analysis. Four compounds with the largest percentage area were gynoluton (58.09%), 15-chloro-4-pentadesene (16.25%), 17- (acetyloxy) -2-methyl-, (2α.,5α ,17β) - estra-3-on (6.07%), and methyl-11-octadesenoate (5.98%). Keywords: Baccaurea macrocarpa, Euphorbiaceae, TLC, toxicity, BSLT, GC-MS