bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
İNSAN KAPİTALININ MÜƏSSİSƏNİN İNNOVATİV İNKİŞAFINDA ƏHƏMİYYƏTİ
Authors: Səadət Zeynalova, Yunis Kazımov Səadət Zeynalova, Yunis Kazımov
Published: June 2024

Dünya ölkələrinin 4-cü sənaye inqilabına keçdiyi müasir dövrdə rəqəmsallaşma sahəsində baş verən dəyişikliklərin iqtisadiyyata təsirlərini nəzərə almamaq mümkün deyildir. İnformasiya texnologiyalarının sürətli inkişafı həyatımızın bəzi sahələrində asan həllər gətirsə də müəyyən problemlərin daha çevik həlli məsələsini də gündəmə gətirmişdir. Nəzərə almaq lazımdır ki, iqtisadiyyatın rəqəmsal transformasiyası öz növbəsində müəssisələrdə, xüsusilə innovasiya- sənaye klasterlərində, insan kapitalının idarə edilməsində bəzi problemlərə gətirib çıxardır. Bu problemlərin həlli yolları innovasiya- sənaye klasterlərinin strateji inkişaf planlarında öz əksini tapmalıdır. Müasir şəraitdə rəqəmsallaşma prosesinə qoşulmayan hər hansısa innovasiya- sənaye klasterinin sabit və səmərəli fəaliyyət göstərməsi ehtimalı çox azdır.
İnnovasiya- sənaye klasterlərini rəqəmsallaşma prosesinə təhrik edən əsas amillər bir tərəfdən innovasiyaların tətbiqinin qenişləndirilməsi ilə əlaqədar istehsal proseslərinin avtomatlaşdırılması zərurəti ilə bağlıdırsa, digər tərəfdən qərarların intutiv deyi, əvvəllər toplanmış təcrübələrin və obyektiv reallığın əsaslı təhlili əsasında qəbul edilməsi ilə bağlıdır. Məhz bu amillər indiki şəraitdə innovasiya - sənaye klasterlərində insan kapitalının inkişafına xüsusi diqqət verilməsini tələb edir.
Müəssisələrin innovativ inkişafında insan kapitalının xüsusi əhəmiyyəti vardır. İnsan kapitalı müəssisələr daxilində yeni biliklərin yaradılması və ötürülməsində əsas zehni-intellektual vasitədir. İşçi qüvvəsinin bilik və bacarıqlarını əhatə edən insan kapitalı istehsalatda innovasiya prosesini idarə edən əsas resursdur. Elmi məqalədə müəssisələrdə insan kapitalının innovativ inkişafa təsiri, insan kapitalının idarə edilməsi, rəhbərliyin bu kapitalın inkişafı üçün tətbiq etdiyi metodoloji yanaşmalar, işçilərin şəxsi və işgüzar keyfiyyətlərinin inkişafı məsələləri, funksional vəzifələrin yerinə yetirilməsində əhəmiyyəti, əmək göstəriciləri tədqiq edilir.
Açar sözlər: Müəssisələrin innovativ inkişafı, insan kapitalı, yaş tərkibi, məhsul, keyfiyyət.
Bird monitoring at Pipestone National Monument, Minnesota: Status report 2009?2022
Authors: Peitz David , Hubbard Tani
Published: June 2024

In 2009, the Heartland Inventory and Monitoring Network initiated bird surveys on Pipestone National Monument to monitor changes in bird community composition and abundance and improve our understanding of relationships between breeding birds and their habitat and the effects of management actions on those relationships. This information helps park staff plan management objectives and assess the effectiveness of management alternatives. We evaluated park breeding bird trends in the context of trends observed within the North American Bird Conservation Initiative?s Prairie Potholes Bird Conservation Region where the park is located. This allows us to assess the influence of park habitat management on bird populations with an understanding of regional population trends that are outside the influence of natural resource management activities at the park.
In 14 years (2009?2022) of monitoring, 109 bird species were recorded on the park. Ninety-two of the species are considered breeding species (permanent or summer residents). Seven of these are species of concern for the Prairie Potholes Bird Conservation Region. Fifteen species were observed in sufficient numbers to calculate annual abundances and trends with some degree of statistical confidence. The Bobolink, American Robin, and Red-winged Blackbird were the most abundant and widespread species on the park. Comparisons of regional trends (2009?2019; Sauer et al. 2020) with park trends were inconclusive. Trends in 14 of the 15 abundant species on the park were uncertain. Common Yellowthroat was moderately increasing on the park. Regionally, American Robin, Dickcissel, and Yellow Warbler were increasing; the Bobolink, Clay-colored Sparrow, Eastern Kingbird, Grasshopper Sparrow, and Ring-necked Pheasant were declining; and the remaining seven species had uncertain population trends. Diversity, richness, and evenness in distribution of individuals across species in the breeding bird community on the park were unchanged over the 14 years.
When sampled, habitats on the plots at Pipestone National Monument consisted primarily of the old field/prairie vegetation type, with lesser amounts of other types present. Canopy cover of hardwood trees averaged 5 to 7% on plots, basal area averaged 1 to 2 m2/ha, and canopy height averaged between 1 and 3 m. Tree species from 10 different families contrib?uted to the canopy cover and basal area of plots. Plots sampled were primarily unvegetated at ground level, with grass litter common, and rock and bare soil exposed. Total foliar cover at ground level on plots consisted primarily of cool season grasses and forbs.
Bird monitoring at Homestead National Historical Park, Nebraska: Status report 2009?2022
Authors: Peitz David , Hubbard Tani
Published: June 2024

In 2009, the Heartland Inventory and Monitoring Network initiated bird surveys on Homestead National Historical Park to monitor changes in bird community composition and abundance and improve our understanding of relationships between breeding birds and their habitat and the effects of management actions on those relationships. This information helps park staff plan management objectives and assess the effectiveness of management alternatives. We evaluated park breeding bird trends in the context of trends observed within the North American Bird Conservation Initiative?s Central Mixed Grass Prairie Bird Conservation Region where the park is located. This allows us to assess the influence of park habitat management on bird populations with an understanding of regional population trends that are outside the influence of natural resource management activities at the park.
Ninety-eight species of birds were recorded on the park in 14 years (2009?2022). Eighty-one of the species are considered breeding species (permanent or summer residents). Two of these are species of concern for the Central Mixed Grass Prairie Bird Conservation Region. Eighteen species were observed in sufficient numbers to calculate annual abundances and trends with some degree of statistical confidence. The Dickcissel, Red-winged Blackbird, House Wren, and Common Yellowthroat were the most abundant and widespread species on the park. Comparisons of regional trends (2009?2019; Sauer et al. 2020) with park population trends were inconclusive. Red-winged Blackbird had a moderately increasing park population, but trends of the other 17 abundant species on the park were uncertain. Regionally, the Gray Catbird and Yellow Warbler were increasing, the Brown-headed Cowbird, Common Yellowthroat, Mourning Dove, Northern Bobwhite, Ring-necked Pheasant, and Red-winged Blackbird were declining, and the remaining 10 species had uncertain population trends. Diversity, richness, and evenness in distribution of individuals across species in the park breeding bird community were unchanged over the 14 years.
When sampled, habitats on the plots at Homestead National Historical Park consisted primarily of the field/prairie and woodland vegetation types, with lesser amounts of other types present. Canopy cover of hardwood trees averaged 18 to 33% on plots, basal area averaged 7 to 10 m2/ha, and canopy height averaged 7 to 10 m. Tree species from 10 different families contrib?uted to the canopy cover and basal area of plots. Plots sampled were primarily unvegetated at ground level, with grass litter common and bare soil exposed. Total foliar cover at ground level on plots consisted primarily of cool season grasses and forbs.
Quality of construction products available on the Polish market on 2016-2020
Authors: FIRLĄG Szymon , BRDAK Wiktoria
Published: June 2024

The quality of construction products and compliance with their declared performance is of key importance for the safety and health of users of construction works. In extreme cases, defects in building materials can lead to a construction disaster. In order to assess what is the quality of construction products available on the Polish market over the period 2016-2020, the measurement results available on the website of the General Office of Building Supervision (GUNB) were analyzed. The paper presents 13 groups of construction products divided into two sets. The results of the analysis show that there are still construction products on the market that do not meet the declared requirements. In 2020, 44% of thermal insulation products and 38% of membranes did not meet at least one tested property. The quality of construction adhesives, flooring and flooring products is average (in adopted scale of assessment). Due to too few samples/tests, it is difficult to draw clear conclusions for doors, windows and bonded products and aggregates. In all of these product groups, the number of tests performed annually should be increased.
Tinjauan Sistem Penyimpanan Berkas Rekam Medis Puskesmas Ulak Karang Berdasarkan Standar Akreditasi Puskesmas
Authors: Shabrina Annisa Nada , Maisa Putra Deni , Yasli Dicho Zhuhriano , Leonard Devid
Published: June 2024

Latarbeakang; Sistem penyimpanan rekam medis menjadi salah satu penilaian dalam standar akreditasi puskesmas. Sistem penyimpanan rekam medis sangat peting untuk dilakukan dalam penilaian intitusi pelayanan kesehatan. Karena sistem penyimpanan dapat memudahkan berkas rekam medis yang akan disimpan di rak penyimpanan, mudah pengembaliannya, dan melindungi berkas rekam medis dari pencurian. Tujuan: Untuk diketahuinya Sistem Penyimpanan Berkas Rekam Medis Puskesmas Ulak Karang Menurut Standar Akreditasi Puskesmas. Metode: Penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi, penelitian dilakukan dengan cara wawancara kepada 1 kepala puskesmas, 1 petugas rekam medis, dan 1 staff puskesmas. Analisis pengolahan data menggunakan metode colaizzi. Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dalam pelaksanaan sistem penyimpanan berkas rekam medis masih ditemukan permasalahan seperti masih adanya missfile dalam penyimpanan, masa retensi yang tidak ada hal ini tidak sesuai dengan standar akreditasi kriteria 8.4.3 yaitu adanya kebijakan dan prosedur tentang masa retensi. Serta kurangnya sarana dan prasarana ruang penyimpanan rekam medis. Simpulan; Berdasarkan penelitian diatas maka disimpulkan bahwa dalam sistem penyimpanan berkas rekam medis masih ada terjadi missfile. Dan belum dilakukan pemusnahan karena untuk masa retensi puskesmas menurut permenkes nomor 269 tahun 2008 pasal 9 ayat (1) rekam medis pada sarana pelayanan kesehatanan non rumah sakit wajib disimpan sekurang-kurangnya 2 tahun teritung saat pasien terakhir berobat. Dan disarankan untuk petugas melakukan pembinaan untuk menambah ketelitian petugas rekam medis serta membuat kebijakan tentang masa retensi.
Peningkatan Pengetahuan Tentang Bahaya HIV/AIDS Setelah Intervensi Media Audio Visual
Authors: Saputri Tiara Eka , Lilia Deli
Published: June 2024

Human  Immunodeficiency  Virus  dan  Acquired  Immune  Deficiency  Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) merupakan masalah kesehatan yang cukup serius. Jumlah penderita HIV/AIDS secara global sejumlah 38 juta orang di dunia dengan jumlah kematian yang berhubungan AIDS 690 jiwa (10,7%). Menurut statistik WHO Juli 2020, ada 37,7 juta (19,2%)  kasus HIV/AIDS di seluruh dunia dan ada 1,5 juta infeksi HIV baru. OKU Timur menjadi kota dengan urutan ke 5 dengan jumlah kasus HIV terbanyak di Sumsel. Data yang diperoleh dari Dinkes OKU Timur pada tahun 2021 ada 27 orang yang positif menderita HIV. Unit Pelaksana Teknis Daerah (UPTD) Puskesmas Bangsa Negara Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu Timur merupakan satu-satunya puskesmas di OKU Timur yang memiliki kasus HIV/AIDS. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Menganalisis pengaruh intervensi penyuluhan dengan media audio visual terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan tentang bahaya HIV/AIDS. Desain penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pre eksperimental tipe one group pretest-posttest design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah remaja di sekitar Puskesmas Bangsa Negara Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu Timur. Sampel penelitian adalah remaja di sekitar Puskesmas Bangsa Negara Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu Timur  yang datang saat  penyuluhan  yaitu  sebanyak 40 orang. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah analasis Paired T-Test. Berdasarkan   analisis   univariat   diperoleh   hasil   nilai   rata-rata   pengetahuan responden  sebelum  penyuluhan  48,63  dari  40  responden,  dan  nilai  rata-rata pengetahuan  responden  sesudah  penyuluhan  adalah  84,75  dari  40  responden. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukan bahwa ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan remaja tentang bahaya HIV/AIDS sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan dengan p value 0,000. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini dari 40 responden didapatkan nilai rata-rata pengetahuan para remaja di wilayah kerja UPTD Puskesmas Bangsa Negara Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu Timur sebelum dilakukan pre test 48,63, dan setelah dilakukan post test 84,75. Ada pengaruh penyuluhan kesehatan terhadap tingkat pengetahuan tentang bahaya HIV/AIDS sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan penyuluhan dengan metode ceramah di UPTD Puskesmas Bangsa Negara Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu Timur Tahun 2023.
Analisis Karakteristik Pasien terhadap Kepuasan Pelayanan Bidan pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Ruang KIA
Authors: Wilanda Apriana  , Ika Friscila  , Siti Noor Hasanah  , Muhammad Arief Wijaksono  , Tati Herawaty  , Sarah Nabila  , Anis Dwi Winarti  , Rif’ah
Published: June 2024

Latar Belakang: Selama pandemi covid-19, pelayanan kebidanan harus berjalan secara optimal, aman bagi pasien dan bidan dengan panduan penanganan covid atau protokol kesehatan. Pelayanan bidan yang efektif dan efisien kepada pasien merupakan upaya penerapan bagian manajemen Puskesmas yang baik dengan orientasi pada mutu pelayanan bagi masyarakat.. Tujuan: Menganalisis karakteristik pasien terhadap kepuasan pelayanan bidan pada masa pandemi covid-19 di Ruang KIA Puskesmas Alalak Selatan. Metode: Pendekatan cross-sectional, Waktu penelitian dari 11 Januari hingga 5 Februari 2022. Responden berjumlah 30 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan accidental sampling. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Kendal’s Tau-b.. Hasil: Hasil analisis univariat yaitu 76,7% responden sangat puas dan 23,3% kategori puas. Karakteristik responden berdasarkan paritas multipara sebesar 60% dan primpara 40. Pekerjaan pada kategori tidak bekerja (70%) dan bekerja (70%). Hasil analisis bivariat didapatkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara paritas maupun pekerjaan terhadap kepuasan pasien pada pelayanan bidan masa pandemi Covid-19 di Ruang KIA Puskesmas Alalak Selatan (Paritas p value = 0,862; pekerjaan p value = 0,308). Kesimpulan: Pasien yang mendapatkan pelayanan bidan dengan protokol covid-19 di masa pandemi sebagian besar menyatakan sangat puas terhadap pelayanan kebidanan yang sudah diberikan oleh bidan. Hal ini tidak berhubungan dengan karakteristik pasien (paritas atau pekerjaan). Kualitas pelayanan dapat ditingkatkan untuk memberikan pelayanan yang semakin berkualitas kepada masyarakat.
An overview of the Scottish National Adder Survey 2022-24
Authors: Julian A.M. , Langham S.J. , Cooper-Bohannon R. , Raynor R. , Whatley C. , Foster J. , McKinnell J.
Published: June 2024

A study was commissioned by NatureScot to analyse changes in the status of the adder (Vipera berus) and other native reptiles at 16 sites across mainland Scotland, the Isle of Skye and the Isle of Arran over a 30-year period from 1992-93 to 2022-24. In 2022-24, volunteer surveyors revisited sites that were previously surveyed in 1992-93 to identify changes in occupancy. Visual surveys recorded adder, common lizard (Zootoca vivipara), slow-worm (Anguis fragilis), common frog (Rana temporaria), common toad (Bufo bufo), smooth newt (Lissotriton vulgaris), and palmate newt (Lissotriton helveticus). Adders were observed in comparable or even greater numbers at eight sites (seven of the original sites surveyed in 1992-93), but an apparent loss of adders at three of the original sites, and major declines at a previously favourable site on the Scottish Borders are cause for concern. Of the other reptiles, common lizards were the most widespread, recorded at 12 sites; and slow-worms were least often recorded, in low numbers at only four sites, though this could be expected in visual surveys for this cryptic species. This publication reviews the factors most likely to be affecting adders in Scotland, particularly the loss of suitable habitat, the likely historic impact of persecution and the potential effects of disturbance by recreational site users. It highlights the importance of sympathetic habitat management, with a particular focus on maintaining favourable micro-habitats for reptiles.
IMPROVING THE TREATMENT OF CALF DYSPEPSIA
Authors:   Doctor Of Veterinary Sciences, Professor,Uzbekistan, Norboyev K. , Fayziyeva S. ,   Phd Student, Samarkand State University Of Veterinary Medicine, Livestock And Biotechnologies,Uzbekistan
Published: June 2024

Dyspepsia is a polyetiological disease, accompanied by digestive disorders, diarrhea, weakness, dehydration and intoxication. Treatment of calf dyspepsia should be based on the etiopathogenetic principle and should be aimed at normalizing the digestive process, eliminating dysbacteriosis, dehydration and intoxication. The research was conducted at the cattle farm "Akbar shox Shavkat" in the Pastdarom district of the Samarkand region. 3 groups of 3 calves with dyspepsia were formed [1,5,15]. Calves in the first experimental group were fasted for 8 hours and during this time 10 ml/kg (300) ml Regidron solution was administered every hourAfter the fasting period, 1/3 of the cow's milk (333 ml) + an equal amount of warm physiological solution was added, and it was rinsed 3 times a day. 40 ml of artificial gastric juice (1 g of pepsin, 1.5 NSl, 100 ml of distilled water) was injected 15 minutes before giving colostrum. Vetom 1.2 (Bacillus subtilis VKPM I-10641) probiotic 50mg/kg (2 times a day) was injected every 8 hours from the second day of treatment until the clinical symptoms disappeared. Calves in the second experimental group were fed differently from the first experimental group 1.2. probiotic 50mg/kg (4 times a day) was administered every 6 hours, and citrated blood from additional cows was injected intramuscularly at a dose of 0.2 ml/kg (3 times in total). Calves in the third control group were treated in traditional ways: during 8 hours of fasting, they were fed 1 liter of warm physiological solution 4 times. Macrolan antibiotic was injected at a dose of 1 ml/10 kg once daily for 5 days. The best result was shown in the calves of the second experimental group. Treatment of dyspepsia in such a complex way reduces metabolic acidosis, intoxication, dehydration by correcting electrolyte imbalance in the body, improves digestion by normalizing intestinal biocenosis, and treats dysbacteriosis.
Towards a National Framework for Arms and Ammunition Management in the Federal Republic of Somalia – A Narrative Report: 2014-2017
Authors: Shiotani Himayu , Leff Jonah
Published: June 2024

Under extremely difficult conditions and with the support of the international community, the Federal Government of Somalia (FGS) is making important strides towards establishing security, effective and accountable governance, and the rule of law in Somalia. The achievements and gaps presented in this report provide a baseline from which to examine Somalia’s remaining WAM challenges, as well as a platform from which to explore its immediate and long-term WAM requirements.
Synergies in Reporting under Multilateral Conventional Arms Treaties and Instruments – Informal Expert Meeting Summary
Authors: Seethaler Franziska , Shiotani Himayu , Stohl Rachel , Dick Shannon
Published: June 2024

In 2017, UNIDIR, in partnership with the Stimson Center, undertook a project entitled, “Exploring Synergies in Reporting under Multilateral Conventional Arms Treaties and Instruments”. This project sought to provide practical guidance to States on converging sources of information, methods and approaches that can be used to facilitate reporting under select multilateral conventional treaties and instruments. On 6 December 2017, UNIDIR convened a small, closed-door meeting with representatives of States, custodian organizations and expert NGOs on this issue. This document presents a summary of this meeting’s proceedings and findings.
Opportunities to Strengthen Military Policies and Practices to Reduce Civilian Harm From Explosive Weapons
Authors: Lane Roger , Shiotani Himayu
Published: June 2024

This research seeks to support efforts to reduce civilian harm from the effects of explosive weapons in urbanized environments. The paper is designed to stimulate thinking among military subject matter experts and selected representatives of international and non-governmental organizations ahead of a workshop in Geneva on 24 September 2019, the objective of which is to identify practical measures to support an Options Paper for consideration by armed forces. This research frames the issue of explosive weapons in the broader context of protection of civilians and civilian harm mitigation. The research focuses on multilateral operations.
Opportunities to Improve Military Policies and Practices to Reduce Civilian Harm From Explosive Weapons in Urban Conflict
Authors: Lane Roger , Lewis Larry , Shiotani Himayu
Published: June 2024

This research paper seeks to contribute to further thinking and dialogue among States and their militaries that conduct operations in urbanized environments on what more can be done to reduce civilian harm by proposing practical measures in the form of options for consideration. UNIDIR seeks to enhance knowledge on ways to reduce risks and mitigate harm to civilians from the effects of explosive weapons in urbanized environments. This research frames the issue of explosive weapons in the broader context of protection of civilians in urban conflict and focuses on multilateral operations. The research takes a comprehensive approach to civilian protection from a ‘risk reduction’ perspective—that is, seeking to understand where the risks and uncertainties lie in the entire ‘civilian protection life cycle’, recognizing that civilian harm is the cumulative effect of numerous risks and decisions made from formulating mandates, planning, execution, assessment and response to lessons learned and institutional learning. Particular focus is placed on the targeting and weaponeering processes.
Key Issues Brief: Preventing Diversion in Conventional Arms Transfers: Exploring Contributions of Industry and Private Sector Actors
Authors: Kytomaki Elli , Shiotani Himayu , Martinez Miralles Manuel , Wilkin Sebastian , Wood Brian
Published: June 2024

Diversion poses a significant threat to societies around the globe, limiting the effectiveness of arms control initiatives and frustrating attempts to catalogue flows of conventional armaments. UNIDIR convened two separate meetings on this topic in Geneva, an initial scoping meeting on 7 August 2018 and an informal expert meeting on 3–4 October 2018. These meetings brought together representatives of States, NGOs and the private sector. This Brief draws from the inputs provided during these meetings, maps out the key issues identified by participants, and sets out areas for further exploration and study.
Enhancing the Understanding of Roles and Responsibilities of Industry and States to Prevent Diversion
Authors: Wood Brian , Kytomaki Elli , Shiotani Himayu , Wilkin Sebastian
Published: June 2024

The publication Enhancing the Understanding of Roles and Responsibilities of Industry and States to Prevent Diversion aims to enhance the understanding of how all relevant actors can work to prevent the diversion of conventional arms. Diversion poses a significant threat to societies around the globe, limiting the effectiveness of arms control initiatives and frustrating attempts to regulate or catalogue flows of conventional arms, ammunition and parts and components. All private sector actors involved in the international trade in conventional arms have a role to play in preventing diversion.
Counter-IED Capability Maturity Model and Self-Assessment Tool
Authors: Seddon Bob , Malaret Baldo Alfredo
Published: June 2024

In 2016, the United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR) was mandated by the United Nations General Assembly to develop “a voluntary self-assessment tool to assist States in identifying gaps and challenges in their national regulation and preparedness regarding improvised explosive devices”. In response to this request, UNIDIR developed this Counter-IED Capability Maturity Model and Self-Assessment Tool. This document is designed to assist States in the development of coherent national responses to the threat posed by IEDs. This document is structured in three broad parts: the first (sections 1-4) provides a brief introduction and sets the context of the problem. The second (section 5) provides the rationale for applying a capability maturity model (CMM) and describes the C-IED CMM. The third (section 6) describes the Self-Assessment Tool, which is based on the C-IED CMM. Components of counter-IED capability are divided into two categories: upstream components, which are focused on those activities aimed at deterring or preventing IED events from taking place, and downstream components, which are associated with responding to a particular IED event or mitigating an IED event should it occur. The general premise of the model is that the greater the maturity and effectiveness of upstream measures, the fewer downstream measures are required to counter the use of IEDs.
The Arms Trade Treaty: Measures to Prevent, Detect, Address and Eradicate the Diversion of Conventional Arms
Authors: Wood Brian , Holtom Paul
Published: June 2024

This Issue Brief is intended to support the efforts of ATT States Parties to implement provisions to prevent, detect, address, and eradicate diversion in conventional arms transfers. It provides information and guidance on systemic and practical measures to prevent diversion at every stage in the transfer chain. It presents a potential analytical framework for States to determine the direct and indirect impact of applying these measures to achieve the object and purpose of the Treaty. This paper is the second in a series of issue briefs released as part of a joint research project by UNIDIR, Conflict Armament Research, Small Arms Survey and Stimson Center. The objective of the research is to enhance knowledge and facilitate dialogue among States to strengthen shared understanding on the impact of the ATT in addressing risks of diversion, and to identify avenues to further promote effective policies and practices under the Treaty.
Weapons and Ammunition Management Country Insight: Niger
Authors: Shiotani Himayu , De Tessieres Savannah , Wilkin Sebastian
Published: June 2024

UNIDIR defines WAM in a comprehensive manner covering the oversight, accountability and governance of arms and ammunition throughout their management cycle, including establishment of relevant national frameworks, processes and practices for the safe and secure production and acquisition of materiel, stockpiling, transfers, end use control, tracing and disposal. This holistic approach is essential in ensuring that efforts to better regulate arms and ammunition are undertaken in alignment with broader security sector, rule of law, armed violence reduction, counter-terrorism, and peacebuilding processes, and not in isolation. Research emphasis is placed on national and regional approaches to WAM in pursuit of a national and regionally owned process, and to support a ‘bottom-up’ and evidence-based approach. This series of WAM Country Insights will help promote knowledge, and raise visibility and awareness on the WAM context, progress made, and areas for enhancement in the African States that have conducted WAM baseline assessments with support from UNIDIR. It aims to serve as a reference for donors and international partners providing assistance and technical support for improving weapons and ammunition frameworks in the relevant country. The launch of the series will begin on 29 October 2020 and lead to the UNIDIR-AU Regional WAM Lessons Learned Seminars, to be held in November and December.
Kurikulum Merdeka: Analisis Asesmen Perkembangan Pendidikan Karakter di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Sangadji Harina
Published: June 2024

This research aims to analyze how student development assessment and character education are implemented in the Independent Curriculum in Elementary Schools. The method used in this research is qualitative research with case studies in several elementary schools that use the independent curriculum in Central Ternate City District, Ternate City. Data was collected through observation, interviews and document analysis. The research results show that student development assessments focus more on individual progress and potential in the learning context. This approach also integrates character education in learning and assessment. Character education is not only through special subjects, but also in daily tasks and interactions at school. The Merdeka Curriculum in Elementary Schools applies a holistic approach to assessment that supports students' personal development. Thus, character education is an important part of this curriculum to help students develop positive values ​​and behavior in everyday life. The challenges that arise include the need for teacher training to integrate character education in learning and consistent assessment.
The Impact of Audit Committee Characteristics on ESG
Authors: Almutair Mariyam , Al Barrak Thamir
Published: June 2024

In light of the growing significance of sustainability objectives and their connection with future economic landscapes, and considering the fundamental role of audit committees in the financial reporting environment, this study aims to measure the impact of audit committees characteristics on the level of disclosure of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) practices in the annual reports of companies listed on the Saudi financial market. This study utilizes the ESG index compiled by Bloomberg, which measures companies' disclosure levels for this purpose. Due to data availability, the sample includes 44 companies listed on the main market during the period from 2017 to 2021. Using multiple regression analysis, this study shows a positive impact of the independence, size, and financial expertise of audit committees on the level of disclosure of ESG practices. Additionally, the results show a negative impact of the number of audit committee meetings on the level of disclosure of ESG practices.
KEYWORDS
accounting, financial expertise, independence, quality, size, sustainability
Does source reliability moderate the survival processing effect? The role of linguistic markers as reliability cues
Authors: Arslan Burcu , Göksun Tilbe , Akçay Çağlar
Published: June 2024

Adaptive memory retains information that would increase survival chances and reproductive success, resulting in the survival processing effect. Less is known about whether the reliability of the information interacts with the survival processing effect. From an adaptive point, information from reliable sources should lead to better encoding of information, particularly in a survival context. In Turkish, specific linguistic components called evidentiality markers encode whether the information presented is firsthand (direct) or not (indirect), providing insight into source reliability. In two experiments, we examined the effect of evidentiality markers on recall across survival and nonsurvival (moving) contexts, predicting that the survival processing effect would be stronger for information marked with evidentiality markers indicating direct information. Results of both experiments yielded a robust survival processing effect, as the sentences processed for their relevance to survival were better remembered than those processed for their relevance to nonsurvival events. Yet the marker type did not affect retention, regardless of being tested as a between- or within-subject factor. Specifically, the survival processing effect persisted even with evidentiality markers indicating indirect information, which suggests that the processing of survival-related information may be privileged even if potentially unreliable. We discuss these results in the context of recent studies of the interaction of language with memory.
Aloin Extract on Histopathological Features of Osteogenesis in Fractures of Rattus Norvegicus Wistar Strains
Authors: Abdullah Dessy , Nurrifdah Nadilla , Febrianto Budi Yulhasfi , Vani Ade Teti , Dewi Nadia Purnama
Published: June 2024

The process of bone repair after trauma or fracture will involve cells, signalling molecules, and processes that have been active during the remodelling process. The new study found that Aloin can promote the expression of osteogenic differentiation regulators, such as Bmp-1 (Bone morphogenetic protein 1) and Runx1 (Runt-related transcription factor 1) in MC3T3–E1 cells, where Runx1 is a transcription factor in osteogenic differentiation—knowing and analyzing aloin extract on the histopathological picture of osteogenesis in Wistar strain rattus norvegicus fractures. This type of research is a laboratory experimental test with a post-test-only control group design. The population number will be divided into four groups, namely positive control group (+), negative control (-), treatment group 1, and treatment group 1, with 14 samples using the Purposive Sampling technique. Univariate data analysis is presented as mean and standard deviation and one-way ANOVA statistical test. Data processing using computerized IBM version 15.0 of the SPSS program. Histopathological picture of osteogenesis in fractures of male rats (Rattus norvegicus) based on osteoblast values at least at K(-), which is 30.64, and K(+), which is 31.90. In the P1 group, the highest average osteoblast value was 39.58, and P1's was 38.14. The osteoclast value is obtained at least at K(-) and 8, and K(+) is 19.01. In the P1 group, the highest average osteoclast value was 16.73, and P1 was 11.70. Aloin extract did not affect the histopathological picture of osteogenesis in fractures of male rats (Rattus norvegicus) with a sig of >0.05.
Serum Interleukin-6 Levels are Positively Correlated with the Severity of Acne Vulgaris
Authors: Triatmakusuma Yogi , Praharsini I Gusti Ayu Agung , Darmaputra I Gusti Nyoman , Winaya Ketut Kwartantaya , Karna Ni Luh Putu Ratih Vibriyanti , Puspawati Ni Made Dwi
Published: June 2024

Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the pilosebaceous unit. This disease occurs on the skin of the face, body, back, and other areas of the body, and can leave scars on the skin which can be temporary or permanent. Recent data shows that the inflammatory process is the initial process in the pathogenesis of acne, several pro-inflammatory cytokines, one of which is interleukin 6 (IL-6), which plays a role in acne vulgaris. Analytical observational study with a cross-sectional approach. The research was carried out from February - November 2023 at the Skin and Venereology Polyclinic, RSUP Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah Denpasar and the Clinical Pathology Laboratory of Prof IGNG Ngoerah Hospital. The sample consisted of 47 samples of patients with acne and 20 samples without acne aged 8 - 45 years who were selected through consecutive sampling according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. A sample of 3 milliliters of venous blood is taken which will then be checked for IL-6 with an ELISA kit. Data analysis with SPSS version 24 and p value <0.05 is significant. The mean IL-6 serum levels in the acne group was 110.2 ± 88.3 pg/ml while in the non-acne group it was 26.7 ± 23.7 pg/ml. There was a significant difference in the category of IL-6 levels in the acne and non-acne groups (95% CI 55.1 - 155.3, p<0.001). The correlation analysis of IL-6 levels with the severity of acne was strongly positive (r=0.951, p<0.001).
Test of the Effectiveness of Giving Salmon DNA Serum with Virgin Coconut Oil Extract on the Growth of Skin Tissue from Cut Scars on the Skin of Female Wistar Rats (Rattus Norvegicus)
Authors: Apriani Silvi , Angie Evelyn , Nasution Syamsul Arifin
Published: June 2024

Various treatments can cure pockmarks. First, you have to know the cause of the pockmarks and the strength of the pockmarked skin, making it easier to choose the treatment, one of which is dermapen, which uses plasma from platelets. Test and compare the effectiveness of the derma pen action using platelet plasma with the derma pen action on the pockmarked skin surface of female Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus). This research is a laboratory experiment to compare the effectiveness of the dermapen action using plasma from platelets with the dermapen action on the pockmarked skin surface of female Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus) using a post-test with control group design or control samples based on treatment groups to analyze the dermapen action using plasma from platelets with dermapenic action on the surface of rat skin pockmarks. The results showed that the dermapen treatment group with plasma from platelets at a dose of 10% was more effective in healing cut wounds in white mice than the dermapen treatment group using plasma from platelets at doses of 2.5% and 5%. This is because, at a concentration of 10%, blood plasma metabolite compounds from platelets that are applied to wounds already affect the wound. The effect only inhibits microorganisms at small doses, making it less effective in healing wounds. It is recommended that the minimum dose be 10% so that the metabolite compounds in the plasma from platelets have a healing effect on wounds.
The Effect of Binahong Leaf Extract on Reducing Cholesterol and Histopathological Features in the Liver
Authors: Trisnawati Risca , Djuang Michelle Hendriani , Hutapea Johnson
Published: June 2024

Being overweight or obese raises your risk of elevated cholesterol, triglycerides, and fatty liver. The liver is crucial to metabolic regulation. Essential to preserve liver health. Maintaining your diet, exercising, and eating antioxidants are all options. Many plants contain antioxidants, like Binahong (Anredera cordifolia). This study examines how Binahong leaf extract reduces cholesterol and improves liver function in high-fat-fed Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) and their liver histology. An actual experiment or laboratory experimental study is quantitative. 24 Wistar rats were sampled. Binahong leaf extract was the independent variable, cholesterol levels liver histological features were the dependent variable, and a high-fat diet was the precondition. The test animals were put into four groups: control, groups 2, 3, and 4 with Binahong leaf extract at 30mg/BW, 50mg/BW, and 70mg/BW. SPSS normality, homogeneity, and ANOVA tests. If p > 0.05, research results are generally distributed with 0.200 significance. Significant homogeneity was 0.176 > 0.05. Effective One-Way ANOVA test results (0.000 or <0.05). Post Hoc LSD test analysis yielded important values of 0.000.0001 and 0.024 < 0.05. The phytochemical test found flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, steroids, and tannins in Binahong leaf extract. Binahong leaf extract at 70 mg/BW reduced cholesterol, body weight, and LDL in hypercholesterolemic male white mice best. The study found that Binahong leaf extract's secondary metabolites—flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, steroids, and tannins—reduce cholesterol, LDL, and body weight in Wistar strain white rats (Rattus Norvegicus) with hypercholesterolemia.
Knowledge and Application of Pharmacist Ethical Practices in Surakarta City
Authors: Denise Pasesa Rara , Da'i Muhammad
Published: June 2024

This study aims to determine the knowledge and application of pharmacist ethical practices in the city of Surakarta. This research is a type of descriptive research. This research was conducted in all pharmacies and hospitals in the Surakarta City area. Data collection will take place in November 2023-January 2024. The population in this study was 489 and the error rate was 5%, so the sample taken was 205 people. The selection of respondents in this study was carried out by non-probability sampling techniques with a sampling technique, namely purposive sampling. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire. Data analysis of this study was carried out by descriptive analysis on SPSS software. Based on the results of the study, pharmacists were dominated by good knowledge as many as 132 respondents (64%) while for the application of pharmacist ethical practices in Surakarta City was dominated by the application of ethics as many as 122 respondents (60%). This study concludes that pharmacists in Surakarta City have good knowledge of ethical practices and sufficient application of ethical practices.
Different Effects of Hylocecarus Polyrhizus and Hylocecarus Undatus Extract on Reducing Total Cholesterol of Male Rattus Norvegicus Wistar Strain
Authors: Fahriani Elviza , Mylano Tri Adi , Hutapea Johnson
Published: June 2024

A chronic ailment that is caused by excessive food consumption and a lack of physical activity, obesity is a condition that may be prevented. The tropical dragon fruit can control cholesterol levels, support the immune system, and give a natural colorant for culinary applications. In a true experimental research, sample with rats were fed red and white dragon fruit extracts to determine the amounts of cholesterol in their bodies. Spectrophotometry was used to determine the rats' blood lipid profiles, cholesterol levels, and body weight after they were fed a meal that was high in fat and contained duck egg yolk. For this study, extracts from red and white dragon fruits were administered to male Wistar rats to determine their effects on cholesterol levels. After fourteen days, both groups had a reduction in high cholesterol levels, with group 4 exhibiting the most significant drop in cholesterol levels. Additionally, the extracts decreased the levels of MDA while simultaneously increasing the levels of SOD. The most significant rise was seen in group 4, given white dragon fruit extract at 140 mg/200 gr BW daily. SPSS was utilized to analyze the effects of dragon fruit on blood cholesterol levels in experimental animals, employing the LSD technique and one-way ANOVA.
Knowledge and Application of Pharmacist Ethics Practices in Pekalongan Regency
Authors: Adistya Diva , Da’i Muhammad
Published: June 2024

This study aims to determine the knowledge and application of pharmacist ethical practices in Pekalongan Regency. This study is a type of observational descriptive study, the population in this study is pharmacists who practice in Pekalongan Regency as many as 129 using purposive sampling, the sample in this study was obtained as many as 100 respondents. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire. This research will be conducted in Pekalongan district from October to December 2023. Data analysis of this study was carried out by descriptive analysis on SPSS software. The results showed that out of 100 respondents, 97 respondents (97%) had good knowledge about pharmacist ethical practices. However, out of 100 respondents, 52 respondents (52%) dominated the application of pharmacy ethical practices in the less category. It can be concluded that although pharmacists have good knowledge in pharmacist ethical practices, in the application of pharmacist ethical practices compared to the best, which is less.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Argument Driven Inquiry (ADI) Terhadap Kemampuan Komunikasi Peserta Didik pada Materi Sistem Koordinasi Kelas XI SMAN 2 Padang Panjang
Authors: Rofifah Sabrina Renna , Fuadiyah Sa'diatul
Published: June 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of using the Argument-Driven Inquiry (ADI) learning model on students' communication skills in the coordination system material. The method used in this study is a quasi-experiment with the Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design model. The research was conducted in classes XI IPA 1 (using the ADI learning model) and XI IPA 2 (without using ADI) with 36 students each. Selection of both classes based on the purposive sampling technique The research was conducted through observation and data analysis. The instrument used is an observation questionnaire that has been tested for its validity and reliability with as many as five statements and four assessment points. Based on the analysis of the data obtained, there are differences in the communication skills of students who are taught using the ADI learning model and without using the ADI learning model. This conclusion is based on the results of hypothesis testing on the Posttest values of both classes, namely  -6,18 <  1.99 or  1,649 < 1,757 (sig) at the α level of 0.05.
Strategi Optimalisasi Sistem Aplikasi SINOPEN untuk Meningkatkan Efisiensi Proses Non-Perizinan OSS di DPMPTSP Kota Padang
Authors: Zulman Anita , Syamsir Syamsir , Shandi Kurniawan Wahyu , Putra Alex , Andini Pitri , Angelina Richa , Waldi Syahrul
Published: June 2024

He development of increasingly sophisticated technology influences elements of people's lives, such as government governance in creating public services, such as policy licensing services used by the government or regional governments to control the negative impacts of social and economic activities. Online Single Submission (OSS) is a business permit issued by the ministry to carry out permits such as business development permits, etc. This research uses descriptive, qualitative methods, with data collection techniques in this research namely observation, interviews and documentation methods. Based on the research results, the implementation of OSS still has shortcomings such as the absence of a research permit feature for students or academic staff, practice permits for doctors and staff. other health problems, problems that prevent OSS from running perfectly, the emergence of non-OSS licensing innovations in the Padang City DPMPTSP, the SINOPEN application is the provision of legality for its intended purpose, not a specific business/activity. This application contains various licensing service features that are not available in OSS services, such as research permits for students or other academics, as well as practice permits for doctors and other health workers throughout the city of Padang.
Manajemen Konflik dalam Penertiban Pedagang Kaki Lima Di Kawasan Pantai Padang
Authors: Anggraini Viska , Syamsir Syamsir , Shakira Stellina , Annisa Tsurayya , Jesika Eriza Adelya , Putri Ayunda Tasya
Published: June 2024

This research aims to determine conflict management in controlling street vendors (PKL) in Padang Beach area. This research was conducted using qualitative methods with the data source derived from verbal interviews with street vendors who were directly affected by efforts to implement the Padang City Regional Regulations, Law Number 3 of 2014 concerning the Arrangement and Empowerment of Street Vendors, and observation. The indicators contained in this research are the factors that cause conflict, the impact of conflict, and conflict resolution. Based on the results of this research, it can be concluded that conflict resolution between street vendors and the government has not run optimally. This conflict also has a positive impact on the city's spatial management, but it has a negative impact on street vendors due to reduced income generated