bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Landscape gardening art of the Hellenistic states of Asia Minor
Authors:   federal state budget educational institution of higher education «Saint Petersburg State University of Culture», Porshnev Valerij P.
Published: July 2021

The article continues a cycle of publications of the author on Hellenustic landscape gardening art. The cultural region, which already in the most ancient times was a contact zone between the Greek world and the East is considered. The historical heritage of the Phrygian and Lydian kingdoms and the Persian Empire, which bequeathed to governors the Hellenistic era sacred groves, hunting reserves paradises and terrace parks with regular planning is traced. Special attention is devoted to parks of the Pontic kingdom of time of Mithridates VI Eupator’s government and parks of Pergamon. The country residence of Mithridates VI in Kabeira is interesting as a sample of the landscape park, the first in the history of the European landscape gardening art, at which there are motives characteristic for parks of time of Romanticism. Besides, parks in Kabeira and in Pergamon had unique collections poisonous and the herbs gathered by Mithridates VI and Attalus III. According to the author of article, these collections, besides utilitarian appointment, being raw materials for preparation of poisons and drugs, had aesthetic value, enriching park landscapes, and their natural qualities were intricately connected with mythology and religion of Greeks. Base of a research are the landscapes of the Black Sea coast of Turkey, the rich archaeological material saving up in one and a half centuries of excavations in Pergamon, and written sources, compositions of antique authors, among which are the works of poet and scientist 2nd century BC Nicander of Colophon not yet translated to Russian.
The historian of the book and book business I. E. Barenbaum (to the 100th anniversary of his birth)
Authors:   federal state budget educational institution of higher education «Saint Petersburg State University of Culture», Bazanov Petr N.
Published: July 2021

A detailed review of the scientific activities of professor I. Ye. Barenbaum (1921–2006), the most famous representative of the St. Petersburg school of bibliology in the field of the history of books and book business, is given. Particular attention is paid to his contribution to the study of the history of books in the second half of the 19th century. The role of I. Ye. Barenbaum as an innovator and pioneer in the study of the history of the publishing activity of revolutionary democrats is substantiated. The scientific heritage of the scientist is about 400 publications. I. Ye. Barenbaum’s main research activities were the history of the book business of St. Petersburg, the history of revolutionary-democratic book publishing in the 19th century, the history of the reader, and the French book in Russia. The article analyzes the main works devoted to the book business of St. Petersburg. His contribution to the creation of textbooks on the history of the book is shown. The work of I. Ye. Barenbaum on the historiography of the history of the book is considered.
Universe of the mind of the mass musical culture XX century
Authors:   Saint Petersburg humanitarian University of trade unions, Kostiuk Ekaterina B.
Published: July 2021

The article deals with the system of signs developed in the mass musical culture of the XX century. Analyzing the specifics of mass musical culture, the author notes that the factors of social and urban development of society, technological innovations, and trends in the visualization of culture as the main means of communication in various formats, including within the semiotic system of mass music of the XX century, are determining for it in the XX century. The types of signs are analyzed: iconic, index, symbolic, represented within the semiotic system of mass music. The author concludes, that the semiosphere of mass musical culture covers verbal and nonverbal, kinesthetic signs, representing a powerful system of multi-dimensional communication of subjects of the communication process in the conditions of modern post-industrial culture.
Ontological Nature of P. A. Florensky’s Theory of Cognition
Authors: Buzhor Evgeniya Sergeyevna , Buzhor Vadim Ivanovich , Naumov Aleksandr Vladimirovich
Published: July 2021

The purpose of the article is to shed light on ontological nature of P. A. Florensky’s theory of cognition. Scientific novelty of the work lies in determining reasons why philosophical and dialectical type of cognition considered by P. A. Florensky is ontological in nature. In particular, the paper argues that P. A. Florensky distinguishes this type of cognition as authentic, firstly, because it corresponds to essence of reality, understood as a living integral organism, and, secondly, because it contributes to increasing manifestation of ideal meaning in things. As a result, it is shown that P. A. Florensky’s philosophical and dialectical cognition is ontological, since it spiritualises a cognoscible thing, transforms it towards ideal reality.
Reality and Religion from the Perspective of P. Berger’s and T. Luckmann’s Social Constructivism
Authors: Lisovskaya Alisa Vyacheslavovna
Published: July 2021

The article aims to shed light on specific nature of religion as one of stable foundations for social reality formation, which is manifested in adoption of common criteria for an individual’s social identification in response to constant variability of social norms. Scientific novelty of the study lies in providing an insight into social constructivism through the lens of identifying specific features of religion in social reality with values undergoing transformation and in the range of problems related to an individual’s identity. The results have shown that religion is a stable social institution that can ensure continuity of moral values and cultural traditions in the changing social reality. The fact that certain social institutions are stable makes it possible to actualise in a new capacity the issue of accelerating social dynamics in the XXI century.
“Golden Age” of the Russian Artistic Culture
Authors: Demchenko Aleksandr Ivanovich
Published: July 2021

Editor-in-Chief’s Column accomplishes publication of a large series of artistic-historical essays which consecutively consider the major epochs. These reviews aim to outline the humanity’s evolution panorama through the lens of all the art forms resulting in ontological generalisation. Ancient World, Antiquity, Middle Ages, Renaissance, Baroque Epoch, Enlightenment, Romanticism, Post-Romanticism Epoch, Modernity I (Early ХХ Century), Modernity II (Middle of ХХ Century), Modernity III (Late ХХ Century) were examined in previous essays. As an afterword, we offer a review dedicated to the “golden age” of the Russian artistic culture.
Reappropriation. Postanarchism as Politics of Anti-Politics
Authors: Polyakov Dmitry Borisovich
Published: July 2021

The purpose of the study is to analyse the notion of the politics of anti-politics formulated by the postanarchist theorist S. Newman. The article sheds light on the semantic core of the paradoxical anarchist synthesis of politics and anti-politics, which is reflected in a number of protest socio-political movements of modern times. Scientific novelty of the study is associated with both criticism and defence of postanarchist attitudes aimed at rethinking and assigning an alternative meaning to the notion of politics. The result amounts to an interim conclusion about inevitability of micro-political and “anti-political” practices in the context of appropriation and bureaucratisation of the political by the state.
Current State and Prospects of Higher Education in Band Ensemble Class in China
Authors: Zhang Mingyi
Published: July 2021

Ensemble playing is an important component of band performance, but the Chinese higher school pays insufficient attention to this academic discipline, which is not in tune with requirements of modern ensemble orchestra performance. The research objective is as follows: to improve ensemble training, to reach a new level of ensemble music education. The author identifies specificity of ensemble training in China, summarizes poorly investigated organizational problems, which constitutes scientific originality of the study. As a result, the researcher determines the basic trends in educational process optimization: consolidation and extension of ensemble performance skills, stage-by-stage training, repertoire optimization and rehearsal activity focus on preparing for concert performance.
“The Czechoslovak Detachment Will Continue to Fulfill Its Task of Liberating Our Echelons...”: To the History of Battles for Nikolsk-Ussuriysky (Early July 1918)
Authors: Aleksandrov Petr Germanovich
Published: July 2021

The research objective is as follows: relying on the little-known Czechoslovak sources, archival documents and eyewitnesses’ memories, the author tries to reconstruct an episode of the Czechoslovak Corps rebellion. The article examines the key stages of battles for Nikolsk-Ussuriysky that unfolded in early July 1918. Special attention is paid to analysing balance of military forces between the parties involved in the conflict. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the researcher introduces previously unknown sources into scientific circulation. The findings are as follows: the author describes the Czechoslovak corps operation to conquer Nikolsk-Ussuriysky, identifies consequences of this event.
Pacific Fleet Special-Purpose Underwater Rescue Party (EPRON): Shch-Class Submarine Rescue Operations as Contribution to Strengthening Defence Potential of the Soviet Far East in the 1930s
Authors: Usov Aleksej Vjacheslavovich
Published: July 2021

The research objective is as follows: to analyse Shch-class submarine rescue operations conducted by the Special-Purpose Underwater Rescue Party (EPRON) in the Pacific Ocean as a contribution to strengthening the defence potential of the Soviet Far East in the 1930s. Scientific originality of the study involves a comprehensive analysis of the EPRON activity in the Pacific Border district in the mentioned period. As a result, it is proved that the Red Banner Special-Purpose Underwater Rescue Party contributed greatly to the Pacific fleet provision, played an important role in improving rescue services in the Pacific region. The EPRON performed a wide range of underwater works, conducted emergency operations to rescue Shch-class submarines.
Trade Unions and Social Protection Function Realization in the Period of New Economic Policy (by the Material of Don, Kuban and Stavropol Regions)
Authors: Kravchenko Galina Valentinovna
Published: July 2021

The paper reveals the basic aspects of the South East trade unions activity in the period of New Economic Policy. This activity represents trade unions nature and social purpose. The author summarizes experience of the social protection function realization in the Don, Kuban and Stavropol regions, which constitutes scientific originality of the research. As a result, the author identifies specificity of the regional trade union movement: preservation of the Mensheviks’ influence up to 1923; trade unions readiness to protect workers’ rights and interests, which largely predetermined socially oriented development of the region under study as compared to central Russia regions.
A. V. Khvastunova’s Graphical Works: Art Nouveau as Means to Aesthetize Everyday Reality in the XXI Century
Authors: Popov Alexei Valentinovich
Published: July 2021

The paper examines the modern painter A. V. Khvastunova’s creative activity whose works are based on everyday reality aesthetization. The article clarifies ways to solve the problem that proved to be a sticking point for the Miriskusniks (members of the artistic movement “Mir Iskusstva (World of Art)”). Scientific originality of the study lies in a description of the artistic method which involves positive perception of the aesthetized reality represented by the Art Nouveau artistic means. As a result, it is shown that rich figurativeness of A. V. Khvastunova’s works allows describing everyday reality by means of a refined artistic language.
Interreligious Dialogue in Cultural Environment of the Arabic-Speaking Countries of the Middle East in the VII-XIII Centuries
Authors: Arefev Dmitry Andreevich , Perova Ekaterina Yurievna
Published: July 2021

The purpose of the study is to identify features of interreligious dialogue in cultural environment of the Arabic-speaking countries of the Middle East in the VII-XIII centuries. Scientific novelty is associated with typology of dialogue as applied to examples of interreligious communication in the Middle East during the said time period. Dialogical principles in this cultural environment are considered using the example of the activities undertaken by the major thinkers in the history of the Christian apologetics. As a result of the study, it is found that the main types of interreligious dialogue of the VII-XIII centuries in the Middle East are: discursive dialogue, “dialogue of truth” and “necessary” dialogue.
Furniture Complexes of Lecture Halls in Educational Institutions of St. Petersburg at the Turn of the XIX-XX Centuries
Authors: Budnikova Valeriya Vladimirovna
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to studying the history of the furniture complexes of lecture halls in St. Petersburg at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries and their role in the organisation of educational space that meets the needs of the laboratory method of teaching. The purpose of the study is to compile an iconographic series based on available information about design and construction of lecture halls. Scientific novelty lies in analysing composition of a furniture complex as a part of an architectural ensem-ble. As a result, the necessity of preserving such historical ensembles in their entirety as unique conceptual spaces is proved.
The Effect of Internal Marketing on Job Performance of Academic Staff in The Faculty of Sport Sciences
Authors:   Sakarya University of Applied Sciences, Turkey, Gelen Nuran Kandaz
Published: July 2021

In this study, the effect of internal marketing practices on the job performance of academic staff in the sample of faculties of sports sciences was examined. The data were obtained from the academic staff working in the faculties of sports sciences in Turkish Universities. Internal marketing and job performance scales, which have high reliability, were used in the study. The effect of internal marketing on job performance was examined by hierarchical regression analysis. As a result of the analysis, a significant and positive effect of internal marketing practices on job performance was found. Within the framework of this result, it can be suggested that higher education institutions that want to provide an effective service should strategically provide internal marketing practices in order to have academic staff with high job performance.
Major problems of microclimate indicator measurements indoors of residential and public buildings and ways to solve them
Authors: Kriyt Vladimir E. , Sladkova Yuliya N. , Volchkova Olga V.
Published: July 2021

Human health and efficiency are largely determined by the microclimate conditions and the air quality in residential, public and industrial buildings in which people spend a significant amount of time. The existing methods of measuring microclimate indicators largely do not correspond to the changed regulatory framework, do not fully reflect all the stages of measurements, have contradictions and inaccuracies, which leads to errors in the measurement and evaluation of the results obtained. The purpose of this study was to develop guidelines for measuring microclimate indicators in residential and public buildings, leveling the existing contradictions in the current documents and meeting modern requirements. The analysis of the current methodological documents regulating the requirements for measuring microclimate indicators was carried out, the main problems encountered by specialists during measurements and evaluation of laboratory and instrumental studies of the microclimate were identified and systematized. To date, the only methodological document in the field of microclimate for residential and public buildings is GOST 30494-2011 "Residential and public buildings. Indoor microclimate parameters". This standard sets the requirements for the organization of control and allows to measure and evaluate the microclimate in almost any residential and public building. However, the standard presents requirements for measurement conditions that are practically unrealizable for many regions of Russia, unreasonably high requirements for measuring instruments (MI), which do not allow to take measurements by MI included in the State Register and having the appropriate scope of application, insufficient requirements for the criteria for the selection of premises and their preparation for an objective assessment of the microclimate parameters, inaccuracies in the presented formulas for calculating the resulting room temperature and inconsistencies in individual paragraphs of the document. There are also no requirements for processing and presenting measurement results. In this situation, the development of a methodology for measuring microclimate indicators in residential and public buildings is extremely relevant. This paper presents the main provisions of the developed draft methodology for measuring microclimate indicators in residential and public buildings at different stages of operation of research objects. The developed procedural guidelines determine the order, conditions for carrying out and minimum scope of instrumental control required for microclimate parameters in residential and public buildings that meet the requirements of sanitary legislation. In the process of procedural guidelines development inconsistencies and discrepancies of current procedural documents were considered as much as possible.
Autonomy of English Language Learners: A Scoping Review of Research and Practice
Authors: Chong Sin Wang , Reinders Hayo
Published: July 2021

Learner autonomy is a vibrant and diverse field. In its approximately 40-year history, it has drawn liberally on theoretical constructs and research methodologies from other disciplines. In turn, it has contributed to the field of applied linguistics by drawing attention to the fundamental importance of understanding the language learner as an active agent in the learning process. To understand the role of autonomy in, and its connections with other areas of study, it is important to ask how it has been conceptualised and operationalised. In addition, given its elusive and amorphous nature, it is timely to ask if and how (the development of) learner autonomy has been evaluated. In this paper we conducted a scoping review, or a systematic and comprehensive literature review, of 61 empirical studies in this field. The results show a rich array of conceptualisations and numerous operationalisations, in addition to a somewhat limited use of evaluations. We draw from this a number of implications for research. In particular, we encourage learner autonomy researchers to make explicit their theoretical frameworks, extend their investigation to the role of language learning beyond the classroom in promoting learner autonomy, and diversify their use of research methods.
PROPOSAL PROYEK SITUS WEB BERBASIS SISTEM INFORMASI PEMERINTAHAN ELEKTRONIK (E-GOVERNMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM BASED WEBSITE)
Authors: Amandha Azrah Cipta
Published: July 2021

Government Information System is an electronic information system regarding general data information about relevant government agencies that can be accessed freely via the internet. According to the 1945 Constitution, the Government is obliged to provide access to information regarding Regional Government in the form of development information or regional facilities and regional financial information. This is contained in Article 391 paragraph (1) of Law Number 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government, and Minister of Home Affairs Regulation (Permendagri) Number 70 of 2019 concerning Regional Government Information Systems.
Characterization of polystyrene under shear deformation using Molecular Dynamics
Authors: Ries Maximilian , Steinmann Paul , Pfaller Sebastian
Published: July 2021

Nano-filled polymers are becoming more and more important to meet the continuously growing requirements of modern engineering problems. The investigation of these composite materials at the molecular level, however, is either prohibitively expensive or just impossible. Multiscale approaches offer an elegant way to analyze such nanocomposites by significantly reducing computational costs compared to fully molecular simulations.When coupling different time and length scales, however, it is in particular important to ensure that the same material description is applied at each level of resolution.The Capriccio method, for instance, couples a particle domain modeled with molecular dynamics (MD) with a finite element based continuum description and has been used i.a. to investigate the effects of nano-sized silica additives embedded in atactic polystyrene (PS). However, a simple hyperelastic constitutive law is used so far for the continuum description which is not capable to fully match the behavior of the particle domain. To overcome this issue and to enable further optimization of the coupling scheme, the material model used for the continuum should be derived directly from pure MD simulations under thermodynamic conditions identical to those used by the Capriccio method.To this end, we analyze the material response of pure PS under uniaxial deformation using strain-controlled MD simulations. Analogously, we perform simulations under pure shear deformation to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the material behavior.As a result, the present PS shows viscoelastic characteristics for small strains, whereas viscoplasticity is observed for larger deformations. The insights gained and data generated are used to select a suitable material model whose parameters have to be identified in a subsequent parameter optimization.
Data Analysis and Power Simulations with General Linear Mixed Modelling for Psychophysical Data – A Practical, R-Based Guide
Authors: Jörges Björn
Published: July 2021

Sample size planning is not straight-forward for the complex designs that are usually employed in psychophysical (two-alternative forced-choice) experiments: characteristics such as binary response variables and nested data structures where responses may be correlated differently within participants and experimental sessions than across participants and experimental sessions make it harder to estimate the necessary number of participants and trials with traditional means. In this practical R-based guide, we first show in detail how we can simulate verisimilar psychophysical data. We then use these simulations to compare two different methods by which two-alternative forced-choice data can be analyzed: (1) the “two-step” approach, where first psychometric functions are fitted and then statistical tests are performed over the parameters of these fitted psychometric functions; (2) an approach based on Generalized Linear Mixed Modeling (GLMM) that does not require the intermediary step of fitting psychometric functions. We argue that the GLMM approach enhances statistical validity and show that it can increase statistical power. Finally, we provide a sample implementation of a simulation-based power analysis that can be used as-is for many simple designs, but is also easily adaptable for more complex designs. Overall, we show that a GLMM-based approach can be beneficial for data analysis and sample size planning for typical (two-alternative forced-choice) psychophysical designs.
Attentional control in middle childhood is highly dynamic - Strong initial distraction is followed by advanced attention control
Authors: Volkmer Sindram , Wetzel Nicole , Widmann Andreas , Scharf Florian
Published: July 2021

The ability to shield against distraction while focusing on a task requires the operation of executive functions and is essential for successful learning. We investigated the short-term dynamics of distraction control in a data set of 269 children aged 4–10 years and 51 adults pooled from three studies using multilevel models. Participants performed a visual categorization task while a task-irrelevant sequence of sounds was presented which consisted of frequently repeated standard sounds and rarely interspersed novel sounds. On average, participants responded slower in the categorization task after novel sounds. This distraction effect was more pronounced in children. Throughout the experiment, the initially strong distraction effects declined to the level of adults in the groups of 6- to 10-year-olds. Such a decline was neither observed in the groups of the 4- and 5-year-olds, who consistently showed a high level of distraction, nor in adults, who showed a constantly low level of distraction throughout the experimental session. Results indicate that distraction control is a highly dynamic process that qualitatively and quantitatively differs between age groups.We conclude that the analysis of short-term dynamics provides valuable insights into the development of attention control and might explain inconsistent findings regarding distraction control in middle childhood. In addition, models of attention control need to be refined to account for age-dependent rapid learning mechanisms. Our findings have implications for the design of learning situations and provide an additional source of information for the diagnosis and treatment of children with attention deficit disorders.
Closing the income-achievement gap? Experimental evidence from high-dosage tutoring in Dutch primary education
Authors: de Ree Joppe , Maggioni Mario A. , Paulle Bowen , Rossignoli Domenico , Ruijs Nienke , Walentek Dawid
Published: July 2021

We present experimental evidence on a high-dosage tutoring (HDT) program implemented in three primary schools in a low-income neighborhood in the Netherlands. We document treatment effects of 0.28 national population standard deviations in math achievement scores (p<0.01) after one school year. These treatment effects are sizable and can account for roughly 40% of the math achievement gap between low-income and high-income students in the Netherlands. As most of the evidence on intensive tutoring programs draws on research from low-income settings in the US, our findings show that (i.) HDT programs can be successfully built from the ground up and exported to different institutional settings while maintaining meaningful effect sizes, and, (ii.) existing income-achievement gaps can be substantially reduced with practical and scalable interventions like HDT.
Endotracheal tube blockage during tracheo-oesophageal fistula surgery: A case report
Authors: Poudel Anjali , Bhattarai Balkrishna , Gyawali Nirman Prasad , Sah Rajesh Prasad , Rajak Ashik
Published: July 2021

The multifarious anaesthetic challenges associated with tracheo-oesophageal fistula surgery are difficult tracheal intubation, continuous air leakage during positive pressure ventilation, gastric distension, sharing of the airway with surgeons, intraoperative desaturation due to surgical retractors and maintaining anesthetic depth. These challenges are managed properly only when pathophysiology of the fistula is well understood. In this case report we present an anaesthetic management with a near miss situation during repair of tracheo-oesophageal fistula in a neonate. Intraoperatively, the patient’s oxygen saturation decreased which did not improve despite correcting all possible reasons. Before the worst could have occurred, we identified endotracheal tube blockage as the cause and changing the tube on time saved the neonate.
Tobacco smoking and COVID-19 infections: A summary of facts from scientific literature
Authors: Aryal Umesh Raj
Published: July 2021

The objective of the study is to summarise the association between COVID-19 and smoking published in peer-reviewed journals, preprint in MedRxiv /Qeios, news, and report. The literature search was conducted between 1st to 20th August 2020 using three databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, and Google) with the keywords “Tobacco smoking and COVID-19” as search terms. A French study claimed that smoking is a protective agent for COVID-19 infections. A meta-analysis revealed that tobacco smoking is significantly associated with COVID-19 infections. Despite the controversy surrounding the connection between smoking and COVID-19, people should not smoke or use any tobacco products because smoking is associated with increased rates of severe COVID-19.
The Practical and the Aspirational: Managing the Student Employee Experience in Library Publishing Efforts
Authors: Nelson Rebecca , Thoms Becky
Published: July 2021

Student employees are a critical component in the workforce of academic libraries. While more established library services have the benefit of attracting student employees specifically interested in their work, scholarly communication programs, and library publishing efforts in particular, have more difficulty describing and garnering interest in their work. This article describes the journey of the Digital Initiatives Unit at Utah State University Libraries as we navigated the particular trials that come with library publishing—specifically delving into the work of our institutional repository (IR) and the role of student employees in those efforts. The labor of our program is variable and largely project-based, which has presented a number of challenges related to our student employees: understanding the larger context of their work; retention of knowledge and skills alongside their ability to prioritize; and a struggle to transfer skills from one project to another. Addressing these problems involved more intentional gathering of student feedback, colleague brainstorming, and trial and error; through which process and results we are gaining a more developed understanding of the critical importance of the student experience. When student employees see their work as more than just a job, and recognize the skills they are learning, they come away with greater satisfaction and our unit benefits from improved outputs. Using what we have learned, we will be able to continue our efforts for a better student experience as well as creating future goals for our unit.
Citizens’ Perception of Corruption and Transparency as Determinants of Public Trust in Local Government in Ukraine
Authors: Rieznik Stanislav , Lee Hwan-Beom
Published: July 2021

Trust in government plays an essential role in ensuring the legitimacy and resilience of a country’s political system. The aim of this study is to examine the perceived levels of corruption and transparency as factors influencing trust in local government, as well as the relationships between them, by obtaining a statistical generalisation of the respondents’ (n=403) attitudes and opinions towards the local government of one of the recently formed amalgamated territorial communities in Ukraine. The regression-based bootstrapping approach was applied to test the conceptual model and hypotheses using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 25.0 software. The results of the study demonstrate the complex nature of the relationship between the variables and highlight some important issues regarding the perception of transparency, the role it plays in curbing corruption and improving public confidence in local government, which provides a basis for further systematic research on this topic.
A Framework for the Selection of Projects at the County Level in Croatia
Authors: Krpan Ljudevit , Pupavac Drago , Maršanić Robert
Published: July 2021

This paper presents a framework for regional self-government units for the selection of projects expected to have a substantial positive effect on the socio-economic characteristics of the broader community. The previous experience of administrative bodies at all levels (national, regional and local) indicates that the decision to implement certain project and programme activities was primarily based on political decision-making principles and a voluntarist approach. With the adoption of the acquis communautaire, the Republic of Croatia has provided legal prerequisites for the selection and implementation of projects based on established criteria, with the criterion of impact on the quality of life and development usually being the dominant one. Therefore, the goal of this paper is to describe the frame-work and procedure of the evaluation and selection of public projects at the regional level, which can easily be applied to decision-making at both the national and local levels.
Elements of Induction Heating
Authors: Zinn S. , Semiatin S. L.
Published: July 2021

Elements of Induction Heating: Design, Control, and Applications discusses the principles of electromagnetic induction and the setup and use of induction heating processes and equipment. The first few chapters cover the theory of induction heating and the factors that must be considered when selecting and configuring components for a given application. As the text explains, the frequency required for efficient heating is determined by the geometry of the coil, the properties, size, and shape of the workpiece, and the need to maintain adequate skin effect. It also depends on proper tuning and load matching, which is explained as well. Subsequent chapters discuss the use of external cooling, temperature sensing, and power-timing devices, the fundamentals of process control, the role of flux concentrators, shields, and susceptors, and the integration of material handling equipment. The book also covers coil design and fabrication and explains how induction heating systems can be tailored for specific applications such as billet and bar heating, surface hardening, pipe welding, tin reflow, powder metal sintering, and brazing, and for curing adhesives and coatings. For information on the print version, ISBN 978-0-87170-308-8, follow this link.
Aborto habitual. Introducción, factores orgánicos, cérvico-uterinos
Authors: Lino Zamudio José
Published: July 2021

El tema que vamos a desarrollar, es de inquietud permanente entre los estudiosos de la gineco-obstetricia. Su estudio se ha diversificado últimamente, en un esfuerzo por encontrar sus causas y poder dar la ayuda necesaria a los pacientes que acu den a nosotros en busca de la solución a su problema.
Cirugía en esterilidad. Los perfiles quirúrgicos y el pronóstico
Authors: Soihet Samuel
Published: July 2021

El oviducto permite no solamente el transporte de los gametos, sino también es el área de la fertilización y el desarrollo del zigote. Es frustrante saber que la restauración anatómica aparente, no necesariamente restaura la fertilidad. El déficit de la función tubaria puede persistir después de la restitución anatómica.
Mama tumoral. Fundamentos del tratamiento quirúrgico
Authors: Mogrovejo Ugáz Luis
Published: July 2021

El tema "Mama Tumoral", es muy amplio, y requeriría muchas páginas para su desarrollo, por lo que trataré de hacer una revisión breve y panorámica. No escapa a nuestro entender, la intención de los organizadores, de abordar aspectos que sean de interés práctico, por lo que me parece oportuno resaltar que la dependencia endocrina de las glándulas mamarias a las hormonas ováricas, hacen de aquéllas parte integrante  del aparato genital femenino. Es por ello que nuestros colegas ginecólogos y obstetras deben estar familiarizados con el manejo de la patología mamaria, no sólo en el aspecto tumoral, sino endocrino, infeccioso, estético, etc., es decir, en lo que se ha venido a llamar últimamente Mastología, a fin de darle un más amplio sentido, y que la Sociedad de Obstetricia y Ginecología, asumiendo su rol orientador de nuestra especialidad, está interesada en promover.
Infecciones en gineco-obstetricia. Microbiología del aparato genital femenino
Authors: Gonzales Enders Rodolfo
Published: July 2021

A través de los años se ha demostrado que una gran variedad de microorganismos colonizan determinados tejidos, tales como la piel, la boca, el aparato digestivo y la vagina, pero a pesar de que están en íntima relación con el huésped no le causan enfermedad; estos microorganismos deberían ser llamados "normales", término que actualmente no es aceptable. Más adecuado es denominarlos "prevalentes" o "nativos", porque allí se entremezclan especies aparentemente inofensivas, con patógenas y aún con algunas beneficiosas.
Infecciones en gineco-obstetricia. Infecciones puerperales
Authors: Trelles Juan , Calderón Córdova Jorge , Gonzáles Enders Rodolfo
Published: July 2021

La infección en el puerperio constituye un serio problema para cualquier servicio hospitalario de Obstetricia, porque es causa muy importante de morbimortalidad materna, porque prolonga la estancia hospitalaria, incrementa el uso de medicamentos de alto costo y requiere atención de personal especializado. La mujer con fiebre en el post parto necesita de una valoración intensiva y sistemática, tratando de realizar un diagnóstico precoz para administrar rápidamente tratamiento.
Tratamiento de 24 parejas chiclayanas mediante inseminación artificial homóloga con la primera fracción del eyaculado
Authors: Palacios Celi Miguel
Published: July 2021

La Inseminación Artificial Homóloga -IAH- es un método que adquiere progresivamente más importancia en el tratamiento de la esterilidad conyugal y consiste en depositar semen fresco, congelado o tratado en el exocérvix, en el endocérvix o en cavidad endometrial, en este trabajo hemos usado semen fresco fraccionado utilizando la primera fracción del eyaculado y lo hemos depositado en el endocérvix con rociado peri-cervical, comparándolo con la inseminación clásica de todo el eyaculado.  La muestra estudiada de 24 parejas, la hemos dividido en dos grupos de 12 parejas c/u., el grupo A fue inseminado con la primera porción del eyaculado, en tanto que el grupo B fue inseminado con todo el eyaculada, todas las parejas recibieron el mismo protocolo de inducción ovárica, de pesquizaje ecográfico de la Ovulación y de Inseminación; los resultados fueron tabulados, distribuidos en cuadros bidimensionales y analizados.
Prolactinemia en mujeres de altura y de nivel del mar
Authors: Quintana Luis , Coyotupa Juan , Ramírez Tulio , Carrillo Carlos , Gonzáles Gustavo
Published: July 2021

Se han estudiado los niveles de prolactina sérica, la prevalencia de hiperprolactinemia y de galactorrea, y su correlación con la patología reproductiva en dos grupos de mujeres nativas de Lima (150 m) y Cerro de Pasco (4340 m). Los niveles de prolactina sérica fueron mayores a nivel del mar que en la altura. No se encontró diferencias en los niveles de prolactina entre fase folicular y luteal. La prevalencia de hiperprolaetinemia, fue 2.6 veces mayor en Lima que en Cerro de Pasco. En Lima la mayor prevalencia de hiperprolactinemia se observa en aquellos casos de polimenorrea (100%) y de oligomenorrea (68.5%). En la altura, ninguno de los casos con patología reproductiva presentaron hiperprolactinemia. La prevalencia de galactorrea en los casos de patología reproductiva fue de 76% para Lima y 36% para Cerro de Pasco. Del total de casos con galactorrea el 65.4% en Lima y el 6.2% en Cerro de Pasco presentaron concomitantemente hiperprolactinemia. En conclusión la prevalencia de hiperprolactinemia y de galactorrea es menor en la altura.
Encefalopatía de Wernicke como complicación de hiperemesis gravídica
Authors: Pinillos Vilca Alberto , Gavidia Peña Julio , Meza Montoya Luis , Florián Cabello Juan
Published: July 2021

Se reporta el caso de una gestante de 10 semanas hospitalizada por hiperemesis gravídica recibiendo tratamiento de reposición con líquidos y electrolitos, asi como piridoxina, gravol, cimetidina y diazepam. La paciente evolucionó con somnolencia, agitación sicomotriz, desorientación, nistagmus, ictericia, ataxia e hipoestesia a predominio de miembros inferiores. Se hizo el diagnóstico de encefalopatís de Wernicke, dándose tratamiento de reposición con tiamina y logrando espectacular mejoría. Se hace énfasis en la escasa frecuencia de presentación de esta entidad, clásicamente relacionada al alcoholismo crónico, así como a la importancia de su diagnóstico temprano y al tratamiento adecuado para prevenir la evolución a sicosis de Korsakoff y aun a la muerte.
Inmunología y reproducción humana.
Authors: Huamán Elera José
Published: July 2021

La Inmunología viene a ser para nosotros, los Gineco Obstetras, un conocimiento un tanto difícil de aprender, como tal vez lo sería para el inmunálogo comprender el mecanismo del parto podálico y sus adecuaciones a una pélvis viciada; pero la participación moderna y trascendental de esta rama de la Medicina en la gineco-obstetricia, nos obligan a estudiarla, comprenderla y aplicarla en nuestra especialidad, como ya lo hiciéramos con la fisiología y la bioquímica, cuando Saling habló del equilibrio ácido-base en el diagnóstico y tratamiento del sufrimiento fetal utilizando el microanálisis sanguíneo durante el trabajo de parto. También el conocimiento y difusión de la influencia de las hormonas en la reproducción humana nos unió íntimamente a la Endocrinología, permitiéndonos inicialmente el diagnóstico rápido y sencillo del embarazo y posteriormente para la valoración del bienestar fetal y la función placentaria.
Aspectos de inmunología en reproducción.
Authors: Pacheco Romero José
Published: July 2021

La gineco obstetricia ha estado vinculada a los primeros conocimientos sobre inmunología. En el origen de la inmunología, en 1899 y 1900. Landsteiner, Metchniloff y Metalnikoff, independientemente mostraron que, la inyección de esperma o extractos testiculares a animales de laboratorio resultaba en la formación de anticuerpos detectables en el suero y que inmovilizaban al espermatozoide. Más adelante, la primera transfusión sanguínea exitosa, es decir una variedad de transplante, fue administrada por un obstetra a una paciente con hemorragia. Y el primer intento de transplante de riñón fue en una gestante con infección intrauterina, shock y anuria. Recientemente, son de nuestro conocimiento diversos fenómenos inmunológicos existentes en infertilidad, oncología, en la eritroblastosis fetal por incompatibilidad Rh, entre otros, y existe gran interés en conocer qué tipo de injerto materno-fetal ocurre durante el embarazo que permite al feto no ser rechazado durante las 40 semanas que dura la gestación.
Nefroma mesoblástico congénito.
Authors: Pereda Garay José
Published: July 2021

En el niño, el tumor renal más frecuente es el nefroblastoma o tumor de Wilms. Esto no sucede en el recién nacido o en el feto, aunque es cierto que en ellos se puede encontrar lesiones proliferativas que se parecen al tumor de Wilms, tales como la nefroblastomatosis, el nefroblastomas epitelial monomórfico y el nefroma mesoblástico (11) todos los cuales se agrupan bajo la denominación de congéneres infantiles del Wilms. En este grupo, un tumor que tiene características muy definidas, que es pertinente revisar es el llamado nefroma mesoblástico. Se presenta un caso que se observó recientemente en el Laboratorio de Patología del Hospital Maternidad de Lima con el objeto de incentivar el estudio de esta entidad y comentar algunos aspectos que se considera interesante discutir.
Sufrimiento fetal y reanimación intrauterina; "Hasta el mejor de los tratamientos falla cuando se generaliza su uso sin un criterio adecuado y científico"
Authors: Lam Figueroa Nelly
Published: July 2021

El sufrimiento fetal agudo es un grave problema que se presenta en aproximadamente el 15% de las gestantes en trabajo de parto, produciendo una mortalidad perinatal elevada o lesiones neurológicas irreversibles si no se actúa a tiempo. Es por ello que las gestantes en peligro de desarrollar insuficiencia úteroplacentaria o portadoras de enfermedades crónicodegenerativas que alteren su homeostasis, deben ser vigiladas cercanamente para buscar signos de posible deterioro del producto. Uno de los cambios más impresionantes en obstetricia ha sido el empleo de parámetros biofísicos y bioquímicos en la valoración del bienestar fetal, lo que ha permitido identificar a los productos de riesgo y orientar el tratamiento, lográndose así disminuir los problemas perinatales. El empleo del monitoreo electrónico fetal permite evaluar el estado del producto de riesgo en el periodo prenatal a través de una prueba de contracción, así como en el intraparto, ya que en la mayor parte de los casos, la actividad uterina es el factor desencadenante del sufrimiento fetal, al sumarse a las otras causas o factores predisponentes.
Parto en posición sentada.
Authors: Martínez Chávez Marco A.
Published: July 2021

El presente es un estudio prospectivo entre JulioAgosto de 1993 protocolando 35 mujeres, quienes tuvieron parto en posición de litotomía y 35 mujeres cuyos partos se realizaron en posición sentada, para lo cual se confeccionó una silla de partos (1 720) para tal fin. El grupo control (parto en decúbito supinolitotomía), consistía en gestantes a término, todas las paridades, pelvis ginecoide, partograma con curva de alerta, partos eutócicos, muestra de sangre del cordón umbilical, escore de Apgar, moldeamiento de la cabeza fetal. El grupo de estudio (parto sentada) aparte de los parámetros ya señalados cuantificaba la duración del expulsivo grado de dolor de las contracciones, calidad de la dinámica uterina, opinión de la paciente, del obstetra, filmación de 5 partos. Se encontró que la duración del expulsivo en el grupo de control fue de 21,43 minutos y en el grupo sentado de 9,17 minutos, desgarros perineales 14,28% en el grupo control y 5,71 % en el grupo de estudio las contracciones uterinas más intensas, eficaces y menos dolorosas. Los valores antropométricos de ambos grupos fueron semejantes (talla, peso, perímetro craneano), escores de Apgar, grado de cabalgamiento, moldeamiento de la cabeza fetal, se encontró policitemia neonatal en 30% de los primeros 20 partos la que disminuyó a 6,66% en los últimos 15 partos cuando se cambió la técnica de atención del recién nacido (colocarlo encima de la madre y esperar 1 a 2 minutos antes de pinzar el cordón); concluimos que el parto en posición sentada es óptimo para las pacientes, con resultados neonatales óptimos para el recién nacido.
Frecuencia de Movimientos Fetales Percibidos por la Madre en el Tercer Trimestre
Authors: Jiménez A. José , Jiménez C. Julio , García A. Segundo , Rosas Humberto
Published: July 2021

Del presente estudio se concluye que: 1. La actividad fetal mostró un patrón individual, el cual se mantuvo más o menos constante 1 durante el tercer trimestre, alcanzando un máximo en la semana 35. 2. No se encontró un número absoluto o rango de la frecuencia de los movimientos fetales percibidos aplicable al tercer trimestre del embarazo.