bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prácticas de alimentación de los padres y conductas alimentarias en niños: ¿Existe información suficiente para el abordaje de los problemas de alimentación?
Authors: Castrillón Isabel Cristina , Giraldo Roldán Oscar Ignacio
Published: July 2024

Los problemas en la alimentación infantil aumentan, a pesar de los esfuerzos de instituciones gubernamentales para vigilar indicadores de salud nutricional y de las campañas de educación que brindan información al respecto. Este artículo busca revisar información disponible sobre el manejo de problemas de alimentación infantil. La primera parte, muestra el estado de los problemas de alimentación infantil y enuncia las consecuencias de la falta de información para su abordaje. La segunda, analiza las consecuencias de las prácticas de alimentación de los padres sobre las conductas de alimentación de los niños y las posibles repercusiones en la edad adulta. Se concluye que se debe investigar los elementos psicológicos, sociales y culturales de la alimentación en el contexto de los niños.
Aspectos psicológicos de la obesidad en adultos
Authors: Tamayo Lopera Diego , Restrepo Mauricio
Published: July 2024

Este artículo esclarece los distintos aspectos psicológicos que se manifiestan en torno al fenómeno de la obesidad, su comorbilidad e impacto de la psicopatología asociadas a la calidad de vida del adulto obeso. Desde un enfoque cualitativo se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura científica de múltiples fuentes en Internet, privilegiando los datos obtenidos en instituciones gubernamentales y universitarias de todo el mundo y artículos publicados en los últimos cuatro años. La obesidad es una condición mórbida que ha afectado a la población de muchos países en el mundo y está significativamente asociada con grandes riesgos de comorbilidad psicológica y detrimento de la calidad de vida.
Inserción social de usuarios de drogas en rehabilitación. Un estudio cualitativo
Authors: Kuri Solveig E Rodríguez , Cáceres Carmen Fernández
Published: July 2024

Este es un estudio cualitativo basado en entrevistas individuales, a profundidad, con pacientes que habían cursado un tratamiento residencial por uso de drogas, con el objetivo de identificar obstáculos y alternativas para la inserción social. La información se analizó mediante el enfoque denominado Análisis de Marcos Referenciales.
Obstáculos identificados: empobrecimiento de redes sociales, exclusión y aislamiento; expectativas negativas sobre la reintegración; estrés asociado a la abstinencia; estigmatización, presión de usuarios; falta de redes de apoyo formales; escaso involucramiento de la familia; conflictos de pareja; dependencia económica; escasas alternativas para el tiempo libre; pérdida de habilidades sociales.
Alternativas: construcción de nuevas redes, opciones recreativas y ocupacionales; actividades cotidianas estructuradas; modificación de hábitos familiares; orientación para la crianza de los hijos; independencia económica.
Dimensiones temperamentales y teoría de la mente en niños: un estudio correlacional
Authors: Moreno Montoya Linda , Botero Suaza José Camilo , Tamayo Arboleda Ana María , Chaves Castaño Liliana
Published: July 2024

El estudio busca establecer si existen relaciones significativas entre las dimensiones del Temperamento y la Teoría de la Mente (ToM) en niños escolarizados entre 4 y 5 años de la ciudad de Medellín. Se utilizó un diseño transversal con una muestra de 30 niños. Para temperamento y carácter se evaluaron las dimensiones propuestas en el modelo de Cloninger, Svrakic & Przybeck (1993). En la ToM se evaluaron deseos, creencias e intenciones. Los resultados muestran alta prevalencia de criterios morales en los niños, que dificulta su capacidad para engañar y mentir durante la evaluación. En las niñas, se observó un perfil temperamental enfocado hacia la cooperación, lo cual marca un patrón de lectura de estados mentales con énfasis en metas comunes.
Suporte organizacional em trabalhadores de diferentes empresas: comprovação de uma medida
Authors: Soares Formiga Nilton , Bassanin Ludmyla L. , Souza Mariana V. , Da Silva Filipe M. C. , Gouveia E Silva Gianny G. Da C. , Aguiar De Souza Marcos
Published: July 2024

Os interesses que a psicologia organizacional e do trabalho tem para compreender o binômio homem-trabalho, pauta-se na qualidade funcional e estrutural da empresa e das relações humanas. Estudos no Brasil propõem uma medida que avalia às ações que promovam o desenvolvimento dos funcionários, disponibilização de recursos, autonomia, reconhecimento e visibilidade profissional, isto é, o suporte organizacional. Essa medida permite desenvolver um meio avaliativo da crença dos trabalhadores no apoio da organização diante de alguma eventualidade. Neste estudo, pretende-se avaliar a acurácia da escala do suporte organizacional em trabalhadores em diferentes empresas. Participaram do estudo 214 trabalhadores de diferentes empresas da cidade de João Pessoa-PB, com idade de 19 a 61 anos, homens e mulheres, com renda econômica variando de 1.000,00 a 2.000,00 reais. A análise domínio-comportamento revelou intercorrelações positivas item-fator; na análise confirmatória, os indicadores psicométricos ratificaram a estrutura fatorial, previamente, encontradas nos estudos brasileiros.
Estilos de personalidad y estrategias de afrontamiento al estrés en soldados: un estudio correlacional
Authors: Chaves Castaño Liliana , Orozco Rosado Alba María
Published: July 2024

La investigación indagó la relación entre estilos de personalidad y estrategias de afrontamiento en soldados que están en la primera fase de instrucción en una zona rural de Antioquia. La muestra estuvo conformada por 68 participantes hombres, con edades entre 18 y 24 años. Se aplicaron el Millon Inventory of Personality-MIPS y la Escala de Estrategias de Coping-EEC-M. Los resultados muestran correlaciones entre Búsqueda de apoyo social y estilos de personalidad como Protección, Extraversión, Comunicatividad y Concordancia. La Evitación Cognitiva correlacionó negativamente con Reflexión. La Reflexión alcanzó el percentil más elevado y se considera un estilo cognitivo útil en la labor como soldados, puesto que en circunstancias de presión y riesgo, el análisis de situaciones debe ser prudente y analítico.
Perfil cognitivo del trastorno por estrés postraumático agudo en personas víctimas de un atentado con carro bomba en Colombia
Authors: Barrera Valencia Mauricio , Londoño Arredondo Nora Helena , Henao López Gloria Cecilia , Calderón Delgado Liliana
Published: July 2024

Se estudia descriptiva y transversalmente el perfil cognitivo de víctimas de un atentado con carro bomba en Colombia y que presentan el síndrome de estrés postraumático agudo. El grupo de casos lo conformaron 16 víctimas que cumplieron los criterios diagnósticos del síndrome de estrés postraumático tipo agudo, 8 sujetos que aunque presenciaron el atentado no cumplieron los criterios y 16 sujetos de control. En los tres grupos se aplicó el Check list realizado desde el DSM-IV y se confirmó el diagnóstico con el Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Se emplearon la Escala de estrategias de coping modificada y el Young Schema Questionnaire Long Form. Se encuentran diferencias significativas entre los tres grupos en Esquemas Maladaptivos Tempranos y en estrategias de afrontamiento.
Consumo de alcohol y sustancias psicoactivas en estudiantes de la seccional oriente de la Universidad de Antioquia
Authors: Torres Sepúlveda Johan Andrés , Vallejo Zapata Víctor Julián , Villada Zapata Johny
Published: July 2024

El objetivo de esta investigación fue describir la frecuencia, intensidad, nivel de riesgo y correlaciones de los tipos de consumo de alcohol y sustancias psicoactivas en los jóvenes estudiantes de la seccional oriente de la Universidad de Antioquia. Se trata de un diseño empírico analítico de corte transversal, tomando una muestra representativa aleatorizada de 306 participantes. Para detectar los tipos de consumo se utilizaron los instrumentos AUDIT y el DAST 10. Los resultados encontrados evidencian que el alcohol es la sustancia psicoactiva más consumida, que un número considerable de estudiantes consumen drogas y reportan dificultades, y también que existen múltiples relaciones entre el consumo de alcohol y el uso de otras drogas en términos de frecuencia, intensidad, implicaciones y consecuencias.
La paradoja de la evolución del concepto de desarrollo
Authors: Benavides Delgado Jacqueline
Published: July 2024

El concepto de desarrollo humano surge muy ligado a la biología. En el siglo XVI se consideraba al embrión humano portador de un hombre en miniatura (El homúnculo). Con la influencia de Darwin, se destacó la importancia de la genética como punto de partida pero, el desarrollo se consideró como un proceso de interacción entre lo biológico y el ambiente. Posteriormente, la fuerte influencia de la noción de temporalidad ligada al concepto de desarrollo, permitió el surgimiento de visiones deterministas que mostraron etapas fijas de cambio determinadas por la maduración. Actualmente, se habla de emergencia, variabilidad y no linealidad, para referirse al desarrollo. Este artículo busca mostrar, cómo en el siglo XXI, coexisten nociones de desarrollo, aparentemente superadas históricamente, pero que se reflejan claramente en la praxis social. El escenario colombiano servirá como punto de referencia para reflejar estos argumentos.
Representaciones sociales de la salud de una comunidad rural de Colombia
Authors: Moreno Jhony Alberto
Published: July 2024

La  salud  es  una  representación  social.  Se  han  construido  creencias  y  prácticas  en  torno  a  la  salud.  Este artículo describe las representaciones sociales que se han configurado alrededor de la salud de un grupo de 23 personas de género femenino con edades entre los 18  y  62  años  de  una  comunidad  rural  del  municipio de  Zaragoza  Colombia,  Se  utilizó  la  teoría  del  núcleo central y sistema periférico. Los datos fueron obtenidos mediante un cuestionario jerarquizado de palabras para identificar  el  núcleo  central  y  sistema  periférico.  La sistematización de datos se realizó utilizando el SPSS-20. Los resultados muestran que la organización del núcleo central de la representación social de la salud para el grupo  investigado  se  estructura  así:  vida,  bienestar  y espiritualidad. Psicología Social, Representaciones sociales de la salud, Núcleo Central, Bienestar, Comunidad rural.
Relación entre el nivel de satisfacción sexual y autoconcepto en parejas de la pastoral familiar de Pupiales
Authors: Benavides Monica , Moreno Adriana , Calvache Claudia
Published: July 2024

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue identificar la relación entre los niveles de satisfacción sexual y el autoconcepto de parejas de adultos jóvenes pertenecientes a la pastoral familiar del municipio de Pupiales (Nariño). Para tal fin se diseñó un estudio descriptivo correlacional. Los instrumentos que se utilizaron para la  recolección  de  la  información  fueron:  la   escala de  satisfacción  sexual,  Gayou  Jurgenson  (2005),  y la  prueba  de  autoconcepto Af-  5  de  García  y  Musitu (1999). Finalmente los datos obtenidos se organizaron con ayuda del paquete estadístico SPSS versión 13.0 y para  analizar  la relación  entre  las  variables  se  aplicó la prueba estadística del coeficiente de correlación de Pearson,  encontrando  que  la  satisfacción  sexual  presenta una relación directa altamente significativa con las dimensiones académica, social, emocional y física.
Spinal muscular atrophy is more than a movement disorder
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: July 2024

.
“AİLE ÇOCUK” DERGİSİNDEKİ HİKÂYELERDE YER ALAN DEĞERLER
Authors: Çam Türkan Çiğdem
Published: July 2024

Değerler bireylere ait inanç sistemini, tutum ve davranışlarını şekillendiren olgulardır. Bireylerin kişiliğini oluşturmaya yardımcı bu unsurlar erken yaşlardan itibaren şekillenmektedir. Dolayısıyla okul öncesi dönemden başlayarak her yaşta çocuklara değerlerin doğru bir biçimde edindirilmesi büyük önem arz eder. Bu kazanımları aile, eğitim kurumları medya araçları ve edebî eserler yardımıyla gerçekleştirmek mümkündür. Bu eserlerden çocuk dergilerinin değerlerin kazandırılmasındaki önemi yadsınamaz. Farklı edebi türleri aynı anda okuyucuya sunan dergiler çeşitli alanlardan okuyucuları desteklemektedir. Farklı sıklıklarda ve farklı yayıncılar tarafından çocuklara yönelik dergiler yayımlanmaktadır. Aile, Çalışma ve Sosyal Hizmetler Bakanlığı (AÇSHB)’nın yayımladığı “Aile Çocuk” adlı çocuk dergisi çocuklar için içerik üretmektedir. Bu araştırmada “Aile Çocuk” dergisinin toplam yayımlanmış 9 sayısı içinde yer alan hikâye türündeki 9 hikâyedeki değerleri tespit etmek amaçlanmıştır. Değerleri tespit etmek amacıyla doküman incelemesi yöntemine başvurulmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda 9 hikâye metninde toplam 16 farklı değer ve 66 değer ifadesine ulaşılmıştır. Bu değerlerden mutluluk, yardımseverlik, şefkat-merhamet ve sorumluluk değerleri en çok yer alan değerler olmuştur. Paylaşmak, fedakârlık, özgüven ve kıymet bilmek en az yer alan değerlerden olmuştur. Bu çalışmanın incelediği dergiler ile farklı dergilerdeki hikâyelerin karşılaştırmalı değer analizlerine yönelik çalışmalar yapılabilir. Yine araştırmaya konu olan dergileri okuyan çocuklar ve ailelerle bu eserlerin değer edinimine etkisini inceleyen araştırmalar gerçekleştirilebilir.
MÜZİKTE ANLAM ARAYIŞI SORUNSALI ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME
Authors: Ateşyakan Arif Bora
Published: July 2024

Bu çalışmada, çeşitli düşünür, besteci ve araştırmacıların görüşleri ışığında “Müziğin bir anlamı var mıdır ve varsa bu anlama nasıl ulaşılabilir?” sorularından yola çıkılmış ve müzikte anlam arayışında önemli olduğu düşünülen birtakım zorlukların irdelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bunlar; “Tanımlama”, “Anlamlandırma ve Anlam Aktarımı”, “İşitme ve Dinleme”, “İcra ve Yorum”, “Sözlü Müzik ve Anlam” başlıkları altında belirlenmiş, bu odak noktalarından hareketle varılan çıkarımlar doğrultusunda bu zorlukları aşmanın mümkün olup olmadığı sorgulanmıştır. Eleştirel bir bakışla, müziğin kurallı bir temsil gücünün olup olmadığı, müziğe yüklenen anlamların aslında atıflardan mı oluştuğu, besteci, icracı ve dinleyici üçlüsünün farkındalığını etkileyen unsurların neler olduğu sorularına yanıtlar aranmıştır. Çalışmada model olarak esas alınan fenomenolojik yaklaşımın temel varsayımı, öze ulaşmada olup bitenin yalnızca deneyimle bilinebileceğidir. Bu düşünceden hareketle müziksel anlam arayışında da müzik dinlemenin yerini hiçbir şeyin tutamayacağı ön kabulüyle, müziksel anlama ulaşmada yaşantı ve deneyimlerin anlamlandırmadaki etkisi, yüklenen anlamların algıda nasıl şekillendiği, duyusal bağlamı ve müziğin bir anlamı nasıl iletebildiği konuları irdelenmiştir. Genel kanıda müziğin bir anlam taşıyıcı olduğunun kabul edilmesine rağmen, bu anlamların değişken ve muğlak olduğu, yalnızca bireysel ve/veya toplumsal kabuller ve sosyal-kültürel koşulların etkileriyle şekillenebildiği sonuçlarına varılmıştır.
STEM COIL MODEL VERIFICATION: A PILOT STUDY IN LATVIA
Authors: Ahrens Andreas , Zascerinska Jelena , Melnikova Julija , Bikova Anastasija , Aleksejeva Ludmila , Zascerinskis Mihails , Gukovica Olga , Abjalkiene Irina
Published: July 2024

STEM COIL (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics Collaborative Online International Learning) is an emerging research and education area. This research was enabled by the research question: Is the STEM COIL model designed right? The work aim is to verify the STEM COIL model underpinning the evaluation of the pilot study carried out in Latvia. Descriptive study was deployed. Observational method of the descriptive study was carried out in Latvia in April 2024. Collected data were processed via content analysis. The obtained results were interpreted. The novelty of this research is represented by the STEM COIL model verification based on results of the pilot study carried out in Latvia. The findings of the descriptive study reveal that the STEM COIL implementation coincide with the STEM COIL theoretical model. In other words, the elements of the STEM COIL performed their function in the intended way. The analysis of the pilot study carried out in this work allows concluding that the STEM COIL model has been verified as the STEM COIL elements performed the intended function in the course of the implementation of the pilot study carried out in Latvia in April 2024. Consequently, STEM COIL provides opportunities for STEM learners who wish to improve their STEM knowledge, increase their inclusiveness and equity in society in general and STEM education specifically.
PUPILS’ WRITTEN LANGUAGE IN THE LATVIAN LANGUAGE AND HISTORY STATE EXAMINATIONS IN LATGALE IN 2021
Authors: Straupeniece Daiga , Dzintars Normunds
Published: July 2024

The research aims to examine pupils’ text creation skills in the Latvian language and history state examinations (CE). The source of the research is the examination papers of pupils in Latgale in 2021: Latvian language CE (a substantiated opinion; 250 words) and history CE (task 3 of part 3 – an essay; 200 words). Evaluation criteria of both examinations show that the quality of spelling is considered more important in the Latvian language examination (10 points out of 34 (approx. 30%) can be obtained for orthography and punctuation).
The article summarises the main types and number of errors in morphology and syntax in both exams. In morphology, several types of errors are distinguished: unmotivated use or absence of long characters, misspelling of consonants, errors in the spelling and hyphenation of words, misspelling of proper names, misspelling of verbs and foreign words. The number of errors in pupils‘ work was also determined for several syntactic constructions: coordinated parts of sentence, coordinated parts of sentence with a generalising word, participial clauses, insertions, and explanatory word groups. The number of punctuation errors in sentences, separating the parts of a compound sentence and a complex sentence, and unmotivated uses of punctuation were also investigated.
Comparing the quality of students’ written language in Latvian and history, it can be concluded that the quality of writing in both exams remains similar for the same student. There are pupils with no orthographic and punctuation errors in both examinations. Some students have some spelling and punctuation errors in both examinations. Some pupils have many spelling and punctuation errors in both examinations. This result is an indication that students follow spelling and punctuation norms according to their knowledge, skills, and writing culture. The study does not support the hypothesis that in the writing part of exams in subjects other than the Latvian language, pupils’ knowledge is weaker and a more negligent attitude towards writing culture would be observed.
DAILY LIFE CONTEXT BASED DIDACTIC GAMES IN MATHEMATICS LESSONS TO DEVELOP MATHEMATICAL COMPETENCE
Authors: Gretčina Ilze , Ročāne Maija
Published: July 2024

The results of the national centralised examination of Latvia show a lack of students` mathematical knowledge, skills and competences, which can have a negative impact not only on the direction of education in future, but on students` career choice as well, which makes an impact on the number of specialists in STEM (Science; Technology; Engineering; Mathematics) field professions. Employers highlight that a lack of mathematics skills is one of the major barriers to long-term investments in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.  Consequently, the use of appropriate and varied teaching methods, e.g. integrating real-life problem situations through daily life context based didactic games into the mathematics learning process becomes important.  Daily life context based didactic games provide more realistic understanding of everyday situations and examples that lead to more effective and meaningful learning of mathematics. The aim of the research is to investigate and clarify the importance of integrating real-life problem situations through daily life context based didactic games in mathematics learning to improve mathematical competence. Theoretical research methods and empirical research methods (student surveys and teacher interviews), data processing and analysis methods (quantitative, graphical data representation, data analysis) are used in the research. The analysis of the student questionnaire highlights that students do not understand the importance of mathematics in everyday life as well as have difficulties explaining the meaning of mathematical competence. While teacher interviews reveal teachers' opinions about the problems of mathematics in everyday life and the possibility of using mathematics to solve everyday problems.
A MATTER OF TRANSLATION? UDL AS FRAMEWORK FOR STUDENT TEACHER’S VIDEO ANALYSIS
Authors: Delere Malte , Höfer Hanna , Marci-Boehncke Gudrun
Published: July 2024

Teacher education needs innovative formats to meet the enormous challenge posed to schools by society's demand for inclusion. Teachers must be both competent and willing to involve all students in their lessons in the best possible way. One format for imparting both relevant knowledge and associated professional attitudes can be the reflection of taped teaching sequences. These are able to reflect the complexity of teaching in such a way that a particularly productive analysis can be carried out. The study aims to explore the potential of using the Universal Design for Learning (UDL; german version by Kremsner, Proyer, and Baesch 2020) as a framework for inclusion orientation in reflecting on videographed instructional sequences. We use qualitative analysis of recordings of a video-based accessible reflection task for 16 master students groups. The students were part of a preparatory seminar for the practical phase in the Master's program. The heterogeneous results indicate that using the UDL reveals multiple difficulties for the students due to its general structure and the German translation utilised. Furthermore, we identify that framing the reflection tasks in the context of inclusive didactics is essential for students' acquisition of competencies.
THE CHALLENGES FOR EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN THE INCLUSION OF STUDENTS WITH LANGUAGE AND LEARNING DISABILITIES
Authors: Ustinova Kristīne
Published: July 2024

Living in an era of transformation, changes in the educational system are inevitable. Schools are an educational, cultural and social environment that needs to be high quality, modern and inclusive. A positive experience within the process of inclusion is important not only for pupils entering a comprehensive school, but also for their parents, current pupils and teaching staff of all fields. Included pupils are pupils with language and learning disabilities who need an individual approach, a well-thought-out learning strategy, support and an understanding attitude. The aim of this paper is to theoretically identify the challenges that teachers face in the process of inclusion of pupils with language and learning disabilities. The paper analyses the theory of inclusive education, addresses the aspect of support provision for pupils and draws conclusions. Schools have been entrusted with the nationally important task of creating a cohesive, supportive and nurturing learning environment and compassionate and understanding relationships that help people grow up to be self-confident and ambitious. Only time will allow us to assess whether it was the right strategic decision to include all pupils with language and learning disabilities in comprehensive schools. Despite the challenges of special education transformation, schools have a vision for development and the will to work.
LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT: EFFECTS OF MONOLINGUAL AND BILINGUAL ENVIRONMENTS
Authors: Ancāne Aiga
Published: July 2024

Speech and language are the basis for a child's successful development, communication and social well-being, as well as the acquisition of academic knowledge and skills. Due to the global trend and the ever-increasing disorders of children's speech and language development, it is necessary to be aware of the influence of a bilingual environment on the child's speech and language development, to clarify the risks and benefits associated with bilingualism, as well as to educate parents and educators about them, so that a child who grows up in a bilingual environment received maximum understanding and, if necessary, support in the process of learning speech and language.
MANAGEMENT OF THE SOLAR POWER DEVELOPMENT IN HOUSEHOLDS OF UKRAINE
Authors: Kucher Oleg , Mykhailova Lyudmyla , Pustova Zoya , Yermakov Serhii , Mazur Volodymyr
Published: July 2024

Solar power is one of the fast-growing promising areas of renewable energy use. The article is devoted to the use of solar radiation energy in private households of Ukraine. It is noted that the amount of solar radiation is high enough to create solar power facilities throughout Ukraine.
Based on the results of the research, it was found that households that have installed photovoltaic power station are fully self-sufficient in electricity and are the most energy efficient, as the surplus of environmentally clean electricity produced is sold at a "green" tariff. Based on the data of the study of the state of installation of solar power plant in private households, has been made a forecast of the development potential of this electricity sector for the period up to 2024.
On the basis of the conducted research, it can be stated that the use of solar power in private households has a sufficiently large perspective to ensure which it is advisable to introduce a net-metering system in Ukraine, which includes the free sale of surplus energy produced on the market with the possibility of "taking" it from this market later.
IS THE PRINCIPLE OF JUSTICE RESPECTED IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF CONVENTIONAL BEEKEEPING SUPPORT?
Authors: Krampuža Ilga
Published: July 2024

From 2023, conventional beekeepers will receive support for pollination of land areas. The amount depends on the land area and the number of hives. Hives must be registered and veterinary requirements must be met. In addition, the beekeeper must certify that the relevant landowner will allow the beekeeper’s bees to pollinate the landowner’s cultivated areas for five consecutive years. It sounds quite absurd. In addition, the amount of support in material terms is so small that the beekeeper must seriously consider whether the relevant areas will be available for five years before asking to allow the bees to pollinate the neighbor's crops. If not, the aid received will have to be repaid. In general, support measures for conventional beekeeping are currently implemented in such a way and to such an extent that it can be said that there is no support at all.Therefore, in order to preserve beekeeping as an industry, it is immediately necessary to: 1) radically change the procedure for granting support, 2) increase the amount of support to at least cover the costs of the pollination service provided to the farmer.
ENVIRONMENTALLY ACCEPTABLE SYNTHESIS OF MAGNESIUM BEARING FERTILIZERS. III SOLID STATE SYNTHESIS
Authors: Velyanova Gergana , Kossev Krasimir
Published: July 2024

Nutrition is a key factor in human life and the development of civilization. The production of sufficient food requires the use of: efficient agricultural techniques, suitable soils and the use of nitrogen (N) fertilizers. However, the use of synthetic nitrogen fertilisers is associated with significant problems, caused by the fact that they are not sufficiently retained in soils to be taken up by plants and a significant proportion of the applied fixed nitrogen is lost. This is a serious economic problem for the farmers and a serious environmental problem for the society. In this work, the known methods for reducing the loss of bound nitrogen when fertilizer formulations are applied to the soil are discussed, and a promising preparation is presented, which is a complex of urea with magnesium sulfate, named magnesium sulfate hexaureate hemi hydrate, [Mg ((H2N)2CO)6] SO41/2 H2O, which can find application both alone and in the formulation of the complex fertilizer formulations, as well as a convenient method for its preparation. The use of [Mg ((H2N)2CO)6] SO41/2 H2O, instead of conventional nitrogen fertilisers, besides the reduction of losses of fixed nitrogen, is that it supplies the soil with the trace elements Mg and S. The low hygroscopicity and the good stability of the preparation are also essential. The known ureate complexes of magnesium sulphate and their preparation are discussed. The proposed new method of solid-phase synthesis, has certain advantages. The use of solid synthesis state methods has a number of advantages: solvent-free synthesis, low-temperature operation, high yields, and the absence of by-products make these methods the most environmentally acceptable.
INCREASING THE FIRE RESISTANCE OF POLYMER BUILDING MATERIALS BASED ON TECHNOGENIC WASTE
Authors: Kadirov Ulugbek , Rakhmatova Dilnoza , Turabekova Urxiya , Musaeva Dilnoza
Published: July 2024

Today, comprehensive measures are being implemented around the world and certain results are being achieved in the field of further deepening economic reforms in the building materials industry and the rapid development of the network, increasing the production of new modern building materials, structures and products, and expanding their range. Expanding the range of manufactured building materials, increasing the share of production of modern, convenient, and high-quality products based on a localization program, reducing imports, as well as the further development of the industry remain pressing issues of today.
The studies present methods for increasing the fire resistance of polymer building materials obtained based on fly ash from the furnaces of the Shirin Thermal Power Plant and JSC Uzmetkombinat, waste phosphogypsum generated at JSC Maxam-Ammafos, physical, mechanical, and thermodynamic properties, and also studied optimal proportions for obtaining composites of fire-resistant polymer building materials.
To conduct an experimental study, particles of technogenic industrial waste of the most optimal size, types of filler, and necessary components were selected. Studies of the elemental composition of industrial technogenic waste and X-ray diffraction analysis have shown that they consist mainly of silicon dioxide, which consists of more than 80% of the amorphous phase.
Based on the analysis of the X-ray phase structure, it was determined that the introduction of additives into the fly ash fillers of the Shirin Thermal Power Plant and Uzmetkombinat JSC, as well as phosphogypsum waste from Maxam-Ammofos JSC, leads to an increase in the thermal stability of polymer materials. The main reason for this is explained by the fact that the composition of fly ash and phosphogypsum waste introduced into the polymer composite contains metal oxides, silicon oxide, and phosphorus compounds, which are resistant to temperatures and have fire-retardant properties.
The fire resistance properties of the proposed polymer-containing building materials modified with fire-resistant compositions of the PPA, PPK and PPM brands, consisting of polymer binders, fire-retardant additives and fillers, were studied based on experimental tests, while the oxygen index was increased from 18.5 to 33.0%, while the weight loss during thermal oxidation was reduced from 97.5 to 73–75.5%, and the flammability level according to state standard 28157 was changed from PV-2 to PV-0.
 ;
THERMODYNAMIC EMPIRISM FOR DESCRIBING ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTANTS
Authors: Petrov Mihai , Nikolaeva Zdravka , Dimitrov Aleksandar , Traneva Velichka
Published: July 2024

Humanity is currently subject to excessive pollution of the Biosphere and the atmosphere that comes from anthropogenic activity. The global warming is the most acute problem that has a negative impact on the state of the biosphere as a whole. The long empirical analysis on the state of the atmosphere makes it possible to develop quantitative expressions that give a dependence of the atmospheric temperature variation depending on the accumulation of anthropogenic polluting gases with greenhouse effect. One of the gases with a greenhouse effect is carbon dioxide, which has a major contribution to global warming. The method suggested in the paper focuses on the empirical analysis with the application of the thermodynamic laws describing the state of the atmosphere and gives the results of the validation within certain limits of the variation of the atmospheric temperature as the dependence of  the  accumulated concentration of the polluting gases with greenhouse effect. The relational connection between variations of concentrations and of the temperature is found by the equation of state of the ideal gas, assuming that the atmosphere can be described by this equation and the combination with the adiabatic thermodynamical equation leads to the expression which contains those variations. Annually, the monitoring stations record variations of concentrations and temperatures. The last 40 years the average temperature of the atmosphere is elevated up to 10C. The respective calculations by the application of thermodynamic expressions lead to the same order of 1 0C. It is explained by the application of thermodynamic physico-chemical laws that the rate of photosynthesis is comparatively low compared to the rate of additional excessive accumulation of carbon dioxide that comes from anthropogenic activity. The importance of the suggested method allows us to conclude about the validation of the method with the direct application of analytical expressions of the state of the atmosphere. Statistical analysis is very widely applied in general for data analysis, but it would be recommendable physico-chemical laws to be applied directly with a wider retrospective and the most important thing is that it allows the control of both the real recorded values and to be compared with those calculated by the thermodynamic method. The practical importance of this expression is based on the fact that the anthropogenic accumulation of carbon dioxide is followed by the accumulation of heat excess in the atmosphere, and in its turn to the increasing of the average global temperature of the atmosphere. one thing it is important to mention that the effect which takes place must be explained and this explanation is given by physical-chemical methods based on thermodynamic phenomena for the atmosphere.
STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF WINDS IN THE POTENTIAL CONTAMINATION WITH HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES AS A RESULT OF MAN-MADE ACCIDENTS
Authors: Dolchinkov Nikolay , Pavlov Michael
Published: July 2024

The report presents enterprises on the territory of Bulgaria that store or use in their production dangerous chemical, radiation and biological substances. An analysis was made of the substances used and the conditions for use and storage. In the event of an accident, these hazardous substances will pollute the environment. Wind plays a major role in dispersal of released substances and will determine the contaminated area. The direction and strength of winds at different altitudes in the settlements where these enterprises are located were studied. The obtained results were analysed based on the prevailing winds in the last 20 years.
STIFFNESS ANALYSIS OF THE RUBBER BUSHINGS OF MACPHERSON AND DOUBLE WISHBONE SUSPENSIONS
Authors: Taneva Stiliyana , Penchev Stanimir , Ambarev Krasimir
Published: July 2024

The rubber bushings are important components of automotive suspensions. These bushings play an important role in reducing noise and vibrations, enhancing ride comfort, and ensuring smooth vehicle motion. Therefore, investigating their elastic is of significant interest. This article presents the results of a force/torque analysis conducted on rubber bushings used in MacPherson and double wishbone front independent suspensions. To achieve this, three-dimensional geometric models of the rubber bushings were created using the SolidWorks software, employing two types of passenger cars as prototypes. The results were determined through Finite Element Analysis (FEA), and the radial force for all bushings was experimentally measured. The obtained results were then compared for validation.
QUANTUM COMPUTING APPLICATIONS FOR ADDRESSING GLOBAL WARMING AND POLLUTION: A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: Filipova Mariana , Gospodinov Genadiy , Gotsev Lyubomir , Kovatcheva Eugenia , Jekov Boyan
Published: July 2024

Pollution and global warming become more and more of a threat recently, so creative solutions are required to tackle their overwhelming complexity, surpassing the limitations of traditional computational methods. Using the concepts of quantum physics, quantum computing presents a revolutionary approach for solving such environmental problems. With the help of a variety of data in usage from reputable global scientific sources, including world databases, pollution monitoring networks, and climate models in addition, the current scientific paper explores the quickly developing potential of quantum computing to reduce pollution and global warming. The complexities of quantum algorithms are object of our exploration, focusing on those that have relevance in resource management, in order to shed light on how quantum computers might transform decision-making processes toward global environmental sustainability. Techniques for quantum optimization show promise in maximizing energy grid distribution and reducing waste generation in complex supply chains.
SEASONAL DYNAMIC IN CO2 ABSORPTION CAPACITIES OF NATURAL GRASSLANDS
Authors: Sevov Atanas , Stanchev Georgi , Georgieva Veska , Koleva-Valkova Lyubka , Komitov Georgi
Published: July 2024

A world problem of increasing importance is the continuous increase of greenhouse gases and the accompanying global warming. Growing global industries, excessive use of fossil fuels, along with deforestation and agriculture, which are major greenhouse gas polluters, are cited as the main causes. Of the greenhouse gases with the largest share, but also the possibility of control is CO2. This gas is vital for the growth and development of plants and, through them, is included in the continuous carbon cycle. On this basis, strategies for sustainable development in agriculture are built since this is one of the main sectors contributing to the increase in carbon emissions. The present study tracked the seasonal dynamic of CO2 uptake by natural grasslands positioned at two altitudes by measuring photosynthesis and plant and soil respiration. A significant variation in CO2 uptake capacity was observed depending on the climatic conditions.
ASSESSMENT OF THE SUSTAINABILITY OF WATER AND SANITATION SYSTEMS IN RURAL VILLAGES THROUGH INDICATORS. AN EXPERIENCE OF CONCEPTUAL DESIGN AND APPLIED SOFTWARE IN PERU
Authors: Fujishima Hugo , Chávez Gina , Granda Milagros , Oviedo Alondra , Rojas Edward
Published: July 2024

The main objective of the present research was to apply the sustainability approach to the management of sanitation systems carried out by community-based organizations (JASS) in rural villages with the support of the district municipality. Given the limited capacity of rural district municipalities to supervise, monitor and provide technical assistance to these community organizations, a proposal for municipal technical assistance (MTA) was developed based on an index for the evaluation of the sustainability of rural sanitation systems (IESSSR). Such index allowed to evaluate not only the sustainability, but also to identify the deficient and unsustainable aspects of each system, which was crucial to develop improvement plans for each JASS. A first measurement of the sustainability of the two intervened systems was made – of the rural population centres of Palmira and Dos de Mayo, both located in the district of Leymebamba –, a general sustainability index (IGS) for JASS Palmira of 3.010 (Stable) and for Dos de Mayo of 2.997 (Unstable) were obtained.  In the second measurement, using 5 dimensions, 18 factors, 48 variables and 66 indicators, the IGS of JASS Palmira was 3.179 (Stable) and that of Dos de Mayo was 3.233 (Stable). The reliability of the index was analysed using the test-retest method by comparing the May and December measurements of each JASS, obtaining a Pearson correlation index of 0.631 for Palmira and 0.602 for Dos de Mayo. Finally, the index was developed into a software application to facilitate the storage, processing, monitoring, evaluation and presentation of the information, and is currently being tested in the municipality of Leymebamba.
LIMITS OF THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN LAW – ETHICAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS
Authors: Kudeikina Inga , Kaija Sandra
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to legal and ethical problems pertaining to the use of artificial intelligence (hereinafter – AI) in law. AI solutions are already being applied in some areas of law, and the use of AI will undoubtedly be expanding. There are problems relating to the regulatory framework because AI has no expressly defined legal status and the scope of AI is not clear either. AI could successfully be employed for data processing in certain areas, such as forensic science and criminology, as well as legal proceedings, where AI could assess procedural documents for their conformity with formal requirements, namely as a means of assisting a human, who is a decision maker. Recognising AI’s decision-making ability is extremely challenging. Thus, AI would transform from a means into a subject of law empowered to make decisions about other subjects of law. The existing legislation is not ready to embrace it, and AI’s decision-making ability is related to issues of an ethical nature, considering that decisions about people would be made by a non-human subject.
DECISION TREE METHODS IN GRAIN YIELD FORECASTING
Authors: Grabusts Peter , Uzhga-Rebrov Oļegs , Prizevoite Lasma , Kotane Inta
Published: July 2024

Traditional methods for forecasting yield, which rely on human judgment, often fall short of providing accurate and reliable forecasts. The application of artificial intelligence (AI) methods for predicting grain harvest is becoming increasingly relevant to balance performance indicators of companies in the grain-growing industry and forecast future results. It is important to consider the specific operations of companies in the industry and the factors influencing the harvest when using such methods, as these are essential for future decision-making. The main goal of the study is to explore the use of decision analysis methods in forecasting the yield of companies in the grain-growing industry. An analytical study has been conducted on the potential of using AI methods, including the analysis of decision tree-building methods and their application possibilities. In a practical study, a decision tree is constructed using CHAID, and the impact of various factors on decision-making quality in the grain-growing industry is analyzed. Subsequently, neural networks are used to predict potential yield based on the companies' historical data from previous periods.
RAPID DEVELOPMENT OF CHATBOT FOR TOURISM PROMOTION IN LATGALE
Authors: Kodors Sergejs , Kanepe Guna , Zeps Daniēls , Zarembo Imants , Litavniece Lienīte
Published: July 2024

The release of ChatGPT technology identified the large language models as a new disruptive technology, which changes the behaviours of society and its attitude towards the presence of artificial intelligence in everyday life. The tourism industry is one of the economic sectors, which will be impacted by the large language models through personalized marketing and advertisements. A common approach to capture the attention of AI-centric tourists, who want to get answers to their questions without manually researching the topic or using services of the travel advisors, is to integrate a chatbot or virtual assistant in the tourism information system. We applied this approach to the promotion of tourism in East Latvia (Latgale) by rapidly developing a chatbot by using a prompt method with context-oriented material. Two models were prepared for tourism promotion in Latgale. The models were evaluated through a pilot survey to understand the satisfaction of target users. The data analysis was applied. The study identified the importance of trustworthy information and answer saturation. The trade-off between dialog freedom and trustworthiness of answers can be achieved through the development of microservices, which are grouped as one system to direct conversation with chatbot. The appropriate conceptual models are presented in the article.
THE EXPERIENCE OF DEVELOPING SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN THE NEXT GENERATION OF ENGINEERS AT UKRAINIAN UNIVERSITIES
Authors: Saienko Nataliia , Ilienko Olena , Solodovnyk Tetіana , Ptushka Anastasiia , Bogdan Zhanna
Published: July 2024

The development of social responsibi­lity of future engineers, who must be able to pre­dict and evaluate the results of their professional activities is a relevant aspect of training specialists at a technical university. The problem is becoming increasingly acute due to the rapid penetration of artificial intelligence into many areas of the socio-economic life of society, in which many researchers and entrepreneurs see not only benefits for mankind, but also threats due to fears of artificial intelligence getting out of human control. Although there are some disciplines at Ukrai­nian universities that in varying degrees deal with ethical issues of engineering, many higher schools do not typically consider professional ethics as a compulsory course, so it seems necessary to look for additional methods and techniques for the formation of engineering ethics and social responsi­bility as its key element in various types of activities. In 2021–2023, a pedagogical experiment was conducted at Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University with the aim of selecting and testing a set of methods for developing future engineers’ social responsibility. To this end, an experimental group was formed from students of different specialities (122 students), in which a variety of pedagogical methods were used while studying various disciplines in the format of formal education (discussions, debates, solving dilemmas, projects, case studies, simulations, etc.), informal (round tables, conferences, contests, publishing results of research), and informal education (volunteering, involvement in civil activities), and a control group (120 people), in which these methods were not used. The following criteria and indicators for assessing the level of development of social responsibility were chosen: 1) a value-based criterion (awareness of social responsibility as a key feature of an engineer’s professionalism; 2) pragmatic (skills to navigate in a variety of professional situations and make responsible decisions); 3) reflective (ability to make evaluative judgments, self-esteem). In the study, we applied a mixture of quantitative and qualitative methods to evaluate the results of the experimental work by the chosen criteria and indicators. The positive impact of the tried-and-tested methods on the development of social responsibility in the next generation of engineers was experimentally proved. Promising for further scientific research is the improvement of pedagogical support of ethical skills’ formation in technical specialists, as well as a set of methods for diagnosing the socially significant characteristics of technical students.
INFORMATION AND LIBRARY EDUCATION IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITALIZATION OF SOCIETY: PROMISING TRENDS AND REQUIREMENTS
Authors: Arakelov Sergey , Ganieva Barno
Published: July 2024

This article analyzes world trends and foreign experience in creating a new paradigm in the development of information and library education in the digital era. The necessity of using innovative technologies in bachelor's degree in teaching information and library disciplines, the purpose, teaching methods and results of research are discussed. What, in turn, needs to be done and what will help to train highly qualified specialists for information and library specialists of the republic.