bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High Order (N=4–6) Multiphoton Mid-IR Absorption in GaP, ZnSe, GaSe, and ZGP and the Role of Free Carriers
Authors: Kawamori Taiki , Schunemann Peter G. , Gruzdev Vitaly , Vodopyanov Konstantin L.
Published: September 2022

We report multiphoton absorption (MPA) and pulse-length-dependent nonlinear absorption in four mid-infrared crystals. While MPA order varied following crystals’ bandgaps, generated free carriers by MPA contributed considerably to the total absorption even at 30-fs durations.
Spatially Variable Wave Plate for Depolarization Compensation Induced in High-Power Yb:YAG Amplifier
Authors: Burokas Raimundas , Ulčinas Orestas , Michailovas Kirilas , Danilevičius Rokas , Kazakevičius Aivaras , Michailovas Andrejus
Published: September 2022

In this work we present a novel method for depolarization compensation based on spatially variable wave plate. Thermally induced depolarization losses were reduced from 14.3% to 1.3% and bifocusing eliminated in a double-pass Yb:YAG amplifier.
All-optical dynamic pulsed beam steering
Authors: Seshadri Suparna , Weiner Andrew M.
Published: September 2022

We propose an all-optical scheme for dynamic pulsed beam steering using a spatial array of optical frequency combs with a uniform gradient in their carrier-envelope offset frequencies.
Mid-infrared Time-stretch Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Yagi Satoko , Hashimoto Kazuki , Nakamura Takuma , Kawano Shotaro , Badarla Venkata Ramaiah , Shimada Hiroyuki , Ideguchi Takuro
Published: September 2022

We demonstrate mid-infrared swept-source optical coherence tomography at a record high axial scan rate of 80 MHz by exploiting time-stretch infrared spectroscopy (TSIR) operating at 3.5 µm.
Hollow-Core-Fiber-Delivered Mid-Infrared Heterodyne Spectroscopy
Authors: Castro-Marin Pablo , Johnson Kerr , Farrell Carl , Davidson Ian A. , Jasion Gregory T. , Wheeler Natalie V. , Poletti Francesco , Richardson David J. , Reid Derryck T.
Published: September 2022

We report mid-infrared heterodyne spectroscopy of a sample located at the distal end of a hollow-core fiber, providing excellent sensitivity, eliminating distal-end electronics and enabling common-mode rejection of parasitic absorptions in the delivery path.
Ghost Sensing
Authors: Khan Emroz , Narimanov Evgenii E.
Published: September 2022

We show the recently discovered ghost waves - a class of non-uniform waves in biaxial media - can be used for optical sensing based on exceptional points. In addition to showing high sensitivity, the proposed sensor employs planar geometry and is robust against noise.
3D Camera using a Single Layer of Microlens Array and a Learned Reconstruction Algorithm
Authors: Tian Feng , Yang Weijian
Published: September 2022

We demonstrate a 3D camera using a single layer of microlens array and a learned reconstruction algorithm through physics-aware neural networks. The camera can resolve objects at different distances from a single exposure..
Use of neural networks fro designing robust flat-optics on flexible substrates
Authors: Getman F. , Makarenko M. , Wang Q. , Burguete-Lopez A. , Fratalocchi A.
Published: September 2022

We present an inverse design platform that enables the fast design of flexible flat-optics that maintain high performance under deformations. The platform is based on evolutionary large-scale optimizers, and neural network predictors.
Ultrafast wavefront control of femtosecond pulses using optical phased array based on optical frequency comb
Authors: Kato Takashi , Minoshima Kaoru
Published: September 2022

An optical phased array with a frequency-controlled optical frequency comb has been proposed for controlling the synthesized wavefront of broadband ultrashort pulses by changing only the ratio of two frequency parameters of the comb.
Divergence-degenerate spatial multiplexing towards higher-dimensional optical communications
Authors: Wan Zhensong , Shen Yijie , Fu Xing
Published: September 2022

We demonstrate a novel modal basis set with highly consistent propagation dynamics, having a divergence variation by merely 18% among 100 lowest order modes, which provides two orders of magnitude larger channels than orbital angular momentum basis.
Modeling Cross-channel Interference Caused by Arbitrary Spectral Shaped Signals
Authors: Xu Yuxin , Brandt-Pearce Maite
Published: September 2022

A closed-form, highly accurate model estimates the cross-channel interference for arbitrary spectrum signals in long-haul fiber-optic transmission. It eliminates estimation errors of up to 37% resulting from assuming a rectangular spectrum for RRC signals.
An All-Optical Reservoir Computer based on Time Stretch and Spectral Mixing
Authors: Yue Yuanli , Liu Shouju , Feng Yue , Wang Chao
Published: September 2022

A novel all-optical Reservoir Computing (RC) based on time-stretch and spectral mixing is demonstrated. Virtual nodes in the reservoir layer are achieved in time and wavelength domains. Simulation results verify its utility in waveform classification.
Self-Powered GaN Nanowire-Based Photoelectrochemical Type Photodetector for Wireless UV Photodetection in Seawater
Authors: Luo Yuanmin , Wang Danhao , Kang Yang , Liu Xin , Fang Shi , Sun Haiding
Published: September 2022

We fabricated a wireless photo-detecting system consisting of a self-powered PEC PD based on GaN nanowires in an artificial seawater environment. The portable electrochemical workstation with wireless data transmission and cloud storage in this system shows a promising future in photo-detecting and optical communication applications.
Spatiotemporal Characterization of Time-varying Optical Vortices with a Bulk Interferometer
Authors: López-Ripa Miguel , Sola Íñigo J. , Alonso Benjamín
Published: September 2022

We implement an in-line and ultrastable spatiotemporal technique based on uniaxial crystals, which solves high-complexity and stability problems associated with other techniques. Moreover, we generate and characterize the temporally resolved wavefronts of time-varying optical vortices.
Switchable unidirectional Tm3+-doped soliton fiber laser
Authors: Feng Ni , Zhou Renlai , Liu Xiaoxi , Hu Hui , Li Li
Published: September 2022

We experimentally demonstrated a stable unidirectional Tm3+-doped mode-locked fiber laser in a bidirectional oscillation setup, and the mode-locking operation between the clockwise and counterclockwise direction can be switched by adjusting the waveplates in the cavity.
Sub-100 femtosecond resolution of clock-offset measurement over a 100 km fiber link with dual-comb sampling
Authors: Wu Yunfeng , Meng Fei , Song Yanrong , Zhang Zhigang
Published: September 2022

We demonstrate a sub-100 femtosecond level resolution clock-offset measurement via a 100 km near-zero dispersion fiber by transferring high coherence optical frequency combs, each phase-locked to the ultra-narrow linewidth lasers.
GHz Harmonic Mode Locked Fiber Laser by Using an Over-coupled Long Period Fiber Grating Based Saturable Absorber
Authors: Dai Lilong , Jiang Chen , Zhu Yu , Ma Yuehui , Huang Qianqian , Liu Yunqi , Mou Chengbo
Published: September 2022

We demonstrated a harmonic mode-locked fiber laser by using saturable absorber based on interaction of over-coupled long period fiber grating and carbon nanotubes. Maximum repetition rate of 2.416 GHz was obtained with 15 mW output.
Femtosecond pulses tunable in 800-1650 nm via SPM-enabled spectral selection pumped by dual-color fiber laser
Authors: Liu Yang , Diao Xincai , Chen Runzhi , Chang Guoqing
Published: September 2022

We demonstrate a four-color ultrafast source based on SPM-enabled spectral selection driven by a dual-color fiber laser. The resulting source delivers femtosecond pulses tunable in 800-1650 nm, which exceeds one octave.
Optical Computing STFT Based on Image Depth Learning
Authors: Huang Can , Xie Xiangzhi , Xu Kun , Dai Yitang
Published: September 2022

The duration and bandwidth of the broadband signal can be detected by optical computing STFT based on deep learning image recognition algorithm. The experiment results show that mAP reaches 84.52% in 895 samples.
More than 5-fold energy up-scaling for multiple-plate compression with a donut-shaped vortex beam
Authors: Chen Bo-Han , Huang Hsing-Wei , Ye Ren-Siang , Lu Chih-Hsuan , Yang Shang-Da
Published: September 2022

A vortex beam is employed in multiple-plate compression to overcome the crystal damage threshold. 190-fs, 1030-nm pulses are compressed to 42 fs with a pulse energy 5.5 times higher than the Gaussian beam counterpart.
Dynamic Modulation of Photonic Quantum States using Nonlinear Optical Metasurface
Authors: Zhang Di , Chen Yang , Gong Shengchao , Wu Wei , Cai Wei , Ren Mengxin , Ren Xifeng , Zhang Shuang , Guo Guangcan , Xu Jingjun
Published: September 2022

We report a dynamic modulation of the photonic quantum states in an all-optical manner using the nonlinear metasurface. The entanglement state was efficiently controlled and a quantum state distillation has been demonstrated.
Two-color high-purity entanglement
Authors: Novikov Valeriy , Brasil Tulio Brito , Kerdoncuff Hugo , Lassen Mikael , Polzik Eugene
Published: September 2022

We report continuous variable entanglement between light modes of different colors (852nm and 1064nm). Entanglement is demonstrated from radio-frequency down to the acoustic frequency range. The high-purity state violates the separability limit by -7.5 dB.
Polarization Independent Waveguide Bragg Gratings using Tilted Subwavelength Grating Waveguides
Authors: Sun Hao , Chen Lawrence R.
Published: September 2022

We propose and demonstrate polarization independent Bragg gratings using tilted subwavelength grating waveguides. In particular, by controlling the tile angle, we can make the Bragg wavelengths of the fundamental transverse electric and transverse magnetic modes the same.
Direct Growth of Graphene on V2O5 for Optoelectronic Devices
Authors: Hu Liangchen , Dong Yibo , Qian Fengsong , Xie Yiyang , Xu Chen
Published: September 2022

We report a large area uniform graphene was graphically grown directly on a mental-oxide-semiconductor substrate at low temperature. The graphene was grown and used for the fabrication of graphene-V2O5-Si Schottky junction photodetectors with a responsivity of 388.3 mA/W.
Needle probe for accurate prostate cancer diagnosis - Results on fresh biopsy cores
Authors: van Breugel Suse J. , Quinn Liam , Holtkamp Hannah , Araquel-Lacamiento Ariane , Amirapu Satya , Srinivasa Komal K. , Low Irene , Christie Mary L. , Nieuwoudt Michel K. , Pokorny Morgan R. , Nagarajan Ramya , Simpson M. Cather , Zargar-Shoshtari Kamran , Aguergaray Claude
Published: September 2022

A Raman Spectroscopy probe is used to discriminate between healthy and cancerous prostate tissue. Results from ex vivo human biopsy tissue are presented. Results show excellent classification performance between the different types of tissue.
Automatic Design of a Broadband Directional Coupler via Bayesian Optimization
Authors: Gao Zhengqi , Zhang Zhengxing , Boning Duane S.
Published: September 2022

In integrated silicon photonics, a directional coupler (DC) capable of working in a broad band is of high interest. To facilitate its design, an automatic gradient-free synthesis approach based on Bayesian optimization is proposed.
Controllable dual-soliton microcombs using Brillouin excitation
Authors: Zhang Hao , Tan Teng , Li Zhaoyu , Yang Qi-Fan , Wong Chee Wei , Rao Yunjiang , Yao Baicheng
Published: September 2022

A single pump generates counter-propagating Brillouin laser, enabling dual-soliton excitation in an over-modal microresonator. Via tuning the pump detuning, the dual-soliton demonstrates tunable repetition offset ranging from 8.4 MHz to 367 MHz.
Approximate Model of Light Transport in Scattering Media for Computational Sensing in Fog and Tissue
Authors: Bentz Brian Z. , Pattyn Christian A. , van der Laan John D. , Redman Brian J. , Zenker John P. , Sanchez Andres L. , Deneke Elihu , Westlake Karl , Wright Jeremy B.
Published: September 2022

We present a computationally efficient approximate solution to the time-resolved radiative transfer that is applicable in weakly and diffuse scattering heterogeneous media. Applications will be considered, including computational sensing in fog and tissue.
Real-space nanophotonic field manipulation using Landau polaritons
Authors: Cortese Erika , Mornhinweg Joshua , Lange Christoph , De Liberato Simone
Published: September 2022

We develop the theory of multimode hybridization in polariton platforms. In the specific case of Landau polaritons we demonstrate the possibility of tuning the near-field electromagnetic spatial mode profile by hybridising multiple metamaterial modes.
Ultra-sensitive characterization of nonlinear instabilities via single photon dispersive Fourier-transform
Authors: Sader Lynn , Bose Surajit , Kashi Anahita Khodadad , Dauliat Romain , Roy Philippe , Fabert Marc , Tonello Alessandro , Couderc Vincent , Kues Michael , Wetzel Benjamin
Published: September 2022

We report on a new dispersive Fourier transform-based characterization technique, using multiple single photon detectors, which allows the analysis of spectral instabilities with high resolution, high sensitivity, and theoretically unlimited dynamic range.
Waveguide Integrated MoTe2 Photodetector with High speed and energy efficient
Authors: Wang Hao , Dalir Hamed , Patil Chandraman , Sorger Volker J.
Published: September 2022

Here we presented a waveguide integrated plasmonic MoTe2 based photodetector with the new design to accomplish high speed (300 GHz) energy efficient (0.8 AW-1) detection of light at 1310 nm.
Caries Detection using Terahertz Birefringence
Authors: Cai Jiahua , Zhou Jiangping , Xu Hongji , Sun Yueming , Qu Yuxuan , Wu Xiaojun
Published: September 2022

Terahertz birefringence phenomenon in enamel is, for the first time, observed via terahertz time-domain spectroscopy, which is weakened or even disappeared when caries is formed, expecting to be applied in early diagnosis of dental caries.
Object Identification Using Time-of-Flight Depth Camera and Data Fusion
Authors: Xu Dongye , Xu Tianxu , Zhang Yiwen , An Dong , Wang Xiaoyan , Wang Qiang , Pan Zhongqi , Yue Yang
Published: September 2022

We demonstrate an approach of object identification using a ToF depth camera. Six objects with different materials are recognized with data fusion and machine learning methods. A 98.01% accuracy is achieved by using KNN algorithm.
Transient Dynamics in a Femtosecond Fiber-feedback Optical Parametric Oscillator
Authors: Floess Moritz , Steinle Tobias , Giessen Harald
Published: September 2022

We report on transient dynamics in a femtosecond fiber-feedback optical parametric oscillator. Dispersive Fourier transform spectroscopy provides spectral and shot-to-shot temporal resolution, revealing the buildup into various attractors, such as steady states and period-N cycles.
Enhanced Viewing Angle Tabletop Integral Imaging Without Flipping Effect Based on Space-multiplexed Voxel Screen and Compound Lens-array
Authors: Wang Peiren , Shang Dongfang , Han Xue , Zhang Wenjia , Ma Ruixin , Xin Quanbo , Li Zhengyang , Huo Jiayan
Published: September 2022

A flipping-free integral imaging with 96°×96° viewing angle is performed based on space-multiplexed voxel screen and compound lens-array. A 3-times larger viewing angle with less than 9% of image distortion is displayed.
Flat Band Quantum Dot High Order Mode Locked Laser for Tbit/s Transmission
Authors: Huang Jing-Zhi , Ji Zi-Tao , Chen Jia-Jian , Wei Wen-Qi , Qin Jia-Le , Wang Zi-Hao , Wang Ting , Li Zhi-Yuan , Xiao Xi , Zhang Jian-Jun
Published: September 2022

We report 4th order colliding pulse mode-locked laser based on InAs/GaAs QD structure, which can generate ultra-stable optical frequency combs in O-band with 100 GHz spacing and a record-high 3 dB optical bandwidth of 11.5 nm (20 comb lines) at 25 °C. Single channel NRZ modulation rates of 70 Gb/s and PAM-4 of 40 GBaud/s are also demonstrated.
Photon-Limited Image Recovery with Fourier Convolution Network
Authors: Qin Wentao , Shi Jianhong , Wu Xiaoyan , Zeng Guihua
Published: September 2022

We propose and validate a deep learning based algorithm for recovering images from their photon-limited samples. The method can be applied to complicated images and is able to retain most of the details.
An Investigation on High-Resolution Color Conversion Layer Based on Colloidal Quantum Dots
Authors: Huang Sheng-Kai , Weng Shao-Yi , Lee Guan-Ying , Huang Yu-Ming , Kuo Hao-Chung , Lin Chien-Chung
Published: September 2022

Fine pixel (5-micron) array patterning of colloidal quantum dots is achieved via inkjet dispense and semiconductor processes. The vacuum storage lifetime can be as long as 12830 hours when a dielectric protective layer is on.
Quasi-Phase Matched Second Harmonic Generation in Orientation-Patterned Gallium Phosphide Waveguides
Authors: Pantzas Konstantinos , Combrié Sylvain , Bailly Myriam , Mandouze Raphaël , Talenti Francesco , Harouri Abdelmounaim , Gérard Bruno , Beaudoin Grégoire , LeGratiet Luc , Patriarche Gilles , De Rossi Alfredo , Léger Yoan , Sagnes Isabelle , Grisard Arnaud
Published: September 2022

We demonstrate continuous-wave second-harmonic generation from 1.5 µm lasers in orientation-patterned gallium phosphide waveguides with 200 %/W.cm2 efficiency, to our knowledge the highest reported conversion efficiency in this platform.
Real-Time Explosion Dynamics in a Thulium-doped Linear Fiber Laser
Authors: Zeng Junjie , Sander Michelle Y.
Published: September 2022

Real-time explosion dynamics in a transition chaotic state and a dual-wavelength vector soliton state in a thulium-doped linear fiber laser are analyzed with real-time pulse measurements.
A Sub-mW Silicon Waveguide Microheater
Authors: Muthali Alif Laila , Adcock Jeremy C. , Yvind Kresten , Ding Yunhong
Published: September 2022

We demonstrate a thermo-optic phase shifter in silicon photonics. Our design generates heat by passing current through a 60 µm suspended waveguide and achieves a π phase shift with 0.87 ± 0.04 mW of dissipated power.
Mode-selective band-tuned topological waveguide
Authors: Kagami Hibiki , Amemiya Tomohiro , Okada Sho , Wang Yahui , Nishiyama Nobuhiko , Hu Xiao
Published: September 2022

A mode-selective topological waveguide has been proposed. By performing appropriate band tuning in two photonic structures that comprise topological waveguides, we can realize topological waveguides which allow optical vortex modes with a specific charge numbers.
On-chip soliton based pulsed-coherent AMCW LiDAR
Authors: Vinod Abhinav Kumar , Chen Li-Yang , Gu Wenxu , Wang Wenting , Yang Chih-Kong Ken , Wong Chee Wei
Published: September 2022

We utilized an integrated optical frequency comb with an analog front-end to measure distance via a hybrid pulsed-coherent approach. We experimentally measure distance to a reflector 2m away, with 7μm precision and 250μm accuracy.
Novel illumination for imaging using self-modulated coherent random fiber laser
Authors: Liu You Wei , Wang Zhao , Wang Shan Shan , Ma Rui , Zhang Yong , Zhang Wei Li
Published: September 2022

A self-modulated coherent random fiber laser is proposed for both memory-effect-based imaging and ghost imaging, filling the gap that the two imaging scenarios haven’t been realized using a same light source.
Hyperspectral image classification via integrated metasystem
Authors: Wang Zi , Chang Lorry , Wang Feifan , Li Tiantian , Yang Wanzhao , Yuan Bo , Gu Tingyi
Published: September 2022

On silicon photonic platform, we demonstrate a spatial-spectral pattern classifier and a three-channel wavelength demultiplexer in few-layer metasystems.
Terahertz microcavity modulation mediated by strongly coupled to LSPR mode
Authors: Xu Xitan , Lu Yao , Wu Qiang , Xu Jingjun
Published: September 2022

We demonstrate an effective approach to modulate THz microcavity, experimentally achieved by coupling to LSPR mode. The result provides a new degree of freedom to the design and construction of on-chip THz devices.
Self-injection-locked Brillouin laser with high-Q fiber ring cavity
Authors: Lopez-Mercado C. A. , Korobko D.A. , Zolotovskii I.O. , Fotiadi A.A.
Published: September 2022

A simple Brillouin fiber laser pumped from a self-injection locked distributed feedback (DFB) laser diode delivers radiation with the Lorentzian linewidth of ~75 Hz and phase noise power density less than –100dBc/Hz (>30 kHz).
Breathers driven by polarization instabilities
Authors: Huang Zhiwei , Sergeyev Sergey , Huang Qianqian , Xing Zhikun , Yan Zhijun , Mou Chengbo
Published: September 2022

Using an Er-doped fiber laser passively mode-locked fiber laser based on nonlinear polarization rotation (NPR) as a testbed, here we, for the first time, experimentally demonstrate the effect of the slow scale (thousands round-trip time) polarization instabilities on the emergence of breather-like spatiotemporal structures.
Temperature Sensor Based on Femtosecond Laser Inscribed Novel Grating Structure in No-Core Fiber
Authors: Liu Yulei , Zhao Rong , Cai Jintao , Shu Xuewen
Published: September 2022

A novel long-period annular grating inscribed in a no-core fiber by femtosecond laser is proposed. The grating structure can be used for high temperature sensing with high sensitivity, and it is insensitive to humidity.
Motion recording via the Fourier-phase camera
Authors: Teng Jiajie , Huang Honghao , Chen Minghua , Yang Sigang , Chen Hongwei
Published: September 2022

An original motion recording framework is proposed, which records dynamic scene through the Fourier-phase and a sharp image. Pixel-wise motion-offsets are inferred through the trained Phase-net, and guide the video reconstruction from a static image.
A temperature compensation method of FBG based on OFDR fiber sensing system
Authors: Zhao Jing , Xia Li , Chamorovskii Yu.K. , Popov S.M. , Butov O.V. , Wen Yongqiang
Published: September 2022

In order to obtain the strain data excluding the influence of the ambient temperature, a new temperature compensation method of 30-80℃ is realized when the external stress is less than 10000με in this paper.
Calibration of Electronic Distance Meters using Autocorrelation of Femtosecond Pulses
Authors: Hussein Haitham M. , Terra Osama , Hussein Hatem , Medhat Mohamed
Published: September 2022

Calibration of Electronic Distance Meters is crucial since they are used in surveying and construction. A method is proposed here to calibrate EDMs using the autocorrelation of femtosecond pulses generated from an Optical Frequency Comb.
A Duplexed CTFBG with Broad Bandwidth for SRS Suppression in High Power Lasers
Authors: Huang Shan , Wu Wenjie , Li Fengyun , Li Yue , Li Yuwei , Tao Rumao , Feng Xi , Li Min , Shen Benjian , Wang Jianjun , Liu Yu
Published: September 2022

CTFBGs with different center wavelengths are cascaded to broad the bandwidth to 20 nm (FWHM). The homemade duplexed CTFBG assists a 20.88 kW output of single fiber laser system with 18.6 dB of SRS suppression.
Investigation of Localized lasing modes of a One Dimensional strongly scattering gain medium
Authors: Kumar Bhupesh , Sebbah Patrick
Published: September 2022

We shows, how real time spatial shaping of pump profile imposed on a strongly scattering gain medium can be used to achieve single mode lasing at pre-selected target wavelength. Simultaneously, near field imaging of the sample surface from the top allow us to record field distribution of the localized modes. We show that slope efficiency of Ander-son localized lasing mode enhanced by one order magnitude under selective pumping.
High Accuracy Robot Indoor Navigation Using Visible Light Positioning and LiDAR Fusion
Authors: Liang Wanlin , Wen Shangsheng , Huang Linyi , Guan Weipeng
Published: September 2022

We demonstrated a high accuracy robot indoor localization system using Visible Light Positioning (VLP) and Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) fusion, which can provide an average positioning accuracy of 2.5cm.
Octave-Spanning Supercontinuum Generation in a Nonlinear Ultra-Silicon-Rich Nitride Waveguide
Authors: Cao Yanmei , Sohn Byoung-Uk , Gao Hongwei , Xing Peng , Choi Ju Won , Chen George F. R. , Ng Doris K. T. , Tan Dawn T. H.
Published: September 2022

A 1.2-octave-spanning supercontinuum generation is demonstrated in a 3-mm-long ultra-silicon-rich-nitride waveguide using 17pJ, 500fs pulses. The generated supercontinuum possesses a spectral coherence (|g12|) exceeding 0.94 on average across the measured wavelength range.
Active Thermal Tuning of a Soliton Frequency Comb in a Crystalline Optical Microresonator
Authors: Fujii Shun , Wada Koshiro , Kogure Soma , Kumazaki Hajime , Tanabe Takasumi
Published: September 2022

We report the thermal tuning of a Kerr soliton frequency comb in an ultrahigh-Q magnesium fluoride crystalline microresonator yielding broad pump frequency tuning of up to ~ 50 GHz and a repetition rate of ~ 6 MHz.
Coherent stacking of 128 pulses amplified in the large nonlinear regime with pre-amplitude modulation
Authors: Zhou Kangzhu , Yang Bowei , Zhang Zhigang , Li Qian
Published: September 2022

We numerically demonstrate a coherent pulse stacking of 128 pulses amplified in the large nonlinear amplification regime.
32-fs Kerr-lens mode-locked Yb:GdYCOB laser
Authors: Zeng Huang-Jun , Lin Zhang-Lang , Lin Haifeng , Xue Wen-Ze , Zhang Ge , Zhang Lizhen , Lin Zhoubin , Petrov Valentin , Loiko Pavel , Mateos Xavier , Wang Li , Chen Weidong
Published: September 2022

We demonstrate a diode-pumped Kerr-lens mode-locked Yb:GdYCOB laser delivering 32-fs pulses at 1052.4 nm with an average power of 51 mW. The maximum average output power is scaled to 189 mW for 35-fs pulses.
Modulation Instability Suppression for Fiber Optic DAS Assisted with Dual Wavelength Lasers
Authors: Cunzheng Fan , Hao Li , Baoqiang Yan , Yixiang Sun , Haoguang Liu , Ke Ai , Zhijun Yan , Qizhen Sun
Published: September 2022

A dual-wavelength-lasers DAS for suppressing modulation instability (MI) effects is proposed. Through respectively setting the wavelength of one laser at the MI gain spectrum peak of another laser, a 9.225dB power improvement is realized.
Multipoint FBG sensing using incoherent OFDR and two-photon absorption process in Si-APD
Authors: Sato Ryosuke , Takagi Reina , Saito Itsuki , Sonoda Naofumi , Zhaoa Shihua , Tanaka Yosuke
Published: September 2022

We propose multipoint sensing using fiber Bragg gratings having almost the same Bragg wavelength and incoherent optical frequency domain reflectometry along with two-photon absorption process in Si-APD. The principle is confirmed by using multicore FBG.
Accelerated coherent averaging using cascaded Mach-Zehnder Interferometer for dual-comb spectroscopy
Authors: Yu Haoyang , Ma Qiuying , Wang Yue , Zhou Qian , Li Xinghui , Ni Kai
Published: September 2022

We propose an all-fiber repetition rate multiplication scheme for dual-comb spectroscopy. By using 4-stage cascaded Mach-Zehnder interferometer, the sensitivity has been increased by 11.5 times under the same coherent average time.
Four-Dimensional (4D) Light Manipulation
Authors: Pacheco-Peña V. , Solís D. M. , Engheta N.
Published: September 2022

Temporal and spatiotemporal variation of material parameters provides extra degrees of freedom in manipulating and controlling waves, exhibiting additional functionality. In this presentation, we give an overview of our recent findings in such 4D platforms.
Controlling Light Propagation in Frequency Space through non-Hermitian Time Modulations
Authors: Hayran Zeki , Monticone Francesco
Published: September 2022

A new mechanism to control the spectral flow of light through non-Hermitian time-modulations is presented. This general approach for light control in frequency space may open new opportunities, including for ultrabroadband absorbers and nonreciprocal devices.
Topology in Photonic Space-Time Crystals
Authors: Segal Ohad , Lustig Eran , Sharabi Yonatan , Cohen Moshe-Ishay , Ziv Ron , Lyubarov Mark , Dikopoltsev Alex , Segev Mordechai
Published: September 2022

We introduce topological phases in photonic space-time crystals, which have gaps in both momentum and frequency. We show that edge states waves refracted and reflected from spatial and temporal interfaces are governed by topological invariants.
Dynamic Symmetry-Breaking and Transverse Photo Response
Authors: Yu Meng-Ju , Moroshkin Peter , Xu Jimmy
Published: September 2022

A transverse photoresponse to a dynamic symmetry-breaking by an external current is investigated in a structurally symmetric plasmonic system. The results indicate optical angular momentum transfer to free electrons via a spin-momentum locking mechanism availed in surface plasmon polaritons.
Angular and Spectral Sparse Sensing With End-to-End Optimized Nanophotonics
Authors: Li William F. , Arya Gaurav , Roques-Carmes Charles , Lin Zin , Johnson Steven G. , Soljačić Marin
Published: September 2022

We present a method for angle and wavelength sensing for underdetermined imaging systems by performing end-to-end nanophotonic inverse design with a compressed sensing backend.
Bioinspired, multi-scale photonic-crystal films for hybrid polarimetric imaging and sensing
Authors: Feng Ji , Weng Xiaojing , Mandujano Miguel A.G. , Méndez Eugenio R. , Yin Yadong , Vuong Luat T.
Published: September 2022

We demonstrate polarization-switching in conducting, electrochromic photonic-crystal films. These ordered, multi-scale structures offer numerous opportunities for inexpensive, large-area, active metasurfaces and fabrication over flexible and non-flat substrates.
Correcting the wavelength-induced phase deviation of Pancharatnam-Berry lenses
Authors: Luo Zhenyi , Zou Junyu , Zhao En , Rao Yi , Wu Shin-Tson
Published: September 2022

Liquid-crystal-based Pancharatnam-Berry optical elements are widely used in virtual reality and augmented reality. However, the mismatch between exposure wavelength and operating wavelength leads to an undesirable phase deviation to the lenses, which in turn causes severe aberration especially when the f-number is small. To overcome the mismatched wavelength problem and to obtain a nearly ideal lens phase profile, a new exposure method using two template lenses with different focal lengths is proposed and experimentally validated. Our results indicate that such a lens indeed exhibits a better imaging performance than that fabricated by traditional interference method.
Strong evidence for the adaptive walk model of gene evolution in Drosophila and Arabidopsis
Authors: Moutinho Ana Filipa , Eyre-Walker Adam , Dutheil Julien Y.
Published: September 2022

Understanding the dynamics of species adaptation to their environments has long been a central focus of the study of evolution. Theories of adaptation propose that populations evolve by “walking” in a fitness landscape. This “adaptive walk” is characterised by a pattern of diminishing returns, where populations further away from their fitness optimum take larger steps than those closer to their optimal conditions. Hence, we expect young genes to evolve faster and experience mutations with stronger fitness effects than older genes because they are further away from their fitness optimum. Testing this hypothesis, however, constitutes an arduous task. Young genes are small, encode proteins with a higher degree of intrinsic disorder, are expressed at lower levels, and are involved in species-specific adaptations. Since all these factors lead to increased protein evolutionary rates, they could be masking the effect of gene age. While controlling for these factors, we used population genomic data sets ofArabidopsisandDrosophilaand estimated the rate of adaptive substitutions across genes from different phylostrata. We found that a gene’s evolutionary age significantly impacts the molecular rate of adaptation. Moreover, we observed that substitutions in young genes tend to have larger physicochemical effects. Our study, therefore, provides strong evidence that molecular evolution follows an adaptive walk model across a large evolutionary timescale.
Identifying priority areas to manage mobile bottom fishing on seabed carbon in the UK
Authors: Epstein Graham , Roberts Callum M.
Published: September 2022

Mobile bottom fishing using trawls and dredges may cause significant reductions in seabed sediment organic carbon stores, limiting the oceanic carbon sink. Although uncertainties remain about the fate of disturbed carbon, protecting the most important and highly disturbed seabed carbon sinks for climate change mitigation represents a sensible precautionary policy. Using spatial modelling of best available datasets relating to seabed carbon stocks and fishing disturbance in the UK Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), we estimate the cumulative disturbance of organic carbon by mobile bottom fishing to be 109 Mt per year. Areas with high carbon stocks and disturbance are geographically restricted enabling identification of potential priority areas for precautionary carbon management and/or future research. By targeting areas with the highest 1%, 5% and 10% of carbon values, while also accounting for fisheries displacement, we examined three management levels ranging from 3–12% of the area of the EEZ. These areas encompass between 7–29% of organic carbon stocks. If all mobile bottom fishing disturbance in priority areas was eliminated it would reduce seabed carbon disturbance across the EEZ by 27–67%. Eliminating this fishing effort would be estimated to affect fisheries landings worth between £55m and £212m per year. In contrast, if all mobile bottom fishing was displaced from priority areas to other areas within the study region, our modelling predicts net reductions of organic carbon disturbance between 11% and 22%. Further research is needed to quantify how much of this carbon is remineralised following disturbance and therefore the magnitude of carbon emissions/savings. We also find that to offset the carbon and financial impacts of fisheries displacement, complementary management will be necessary to protect more carbon, including gear modifications to reduce seabed disturbance, overall effort reductions, and incentives to switch to alternative fishing methods.
Emerging stock market reactions to shocks during various crisis periods
Authors: Bhowmik Roni , Debnath Gouranga Chandra , Debnath Nitai Chandra , Wang Shouyang
Published: September 2022

This study investigates granger causal linkages among six Asian emerging stock markets and the US market over the period 2002–2020, taking into account several crisis periods. The pairwise Granger causality tests for investigating the short-run causality show significant bi- and uni-directional causal relationships in those markets and evidence that they have become more internationally integrated after every crisis period. An exception is Bangladesh with almost no significant short-term causal linkages with other markets. For understanding, how the financial linkages amplify volatility spillover effects, we apply the GARCH-M model and find that volatility and return spillovers act very inversely over time. However, market interface is weak before the crisis periods and becomes very strong during the financial crisis and US-China economic policy uncertainty periods. The US market plays a dominant role during the financial crisis and COVID-19 periods. Further analysis using the VAR model shows that a large proportion of the forecast variance of the Asian emerging stock markets is affected by the S&P 500 and that market shock starts to rise notably from the 1 to 10 period. The overall findings could provide important policy implications in the six countries under study regarding hedging, trading strategies, and financial market regulation.
Effects of small-sided games vs. simulated match training on physical performance of youth female handball players
Authors: Mikalonytė Rasa , Paulauskas Rūtenis , Abade Eduardo , Figueira Bruno
Published: September 2022

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of different Small-Sided games (SSG) formats and simulated match handball training (SMHT) on handball player’s physical performance and game activity profile. Twenty-four youth female handball players (age: 16.2 ± 1.5 years) participated in this study. The study was conducted during the first part of the competitive handball season and lasted for 10 weeks with 2 sessions per week in non-consecutive days: 1 week of pretesting, 8 weeks of specific training, and 1 week of post-testing. A two-group parallel randomized, pre- to post-test design was used to compare 2 different training groups: SSG training group (n = 12) and SMHT group (n = 12). The results showed larger improvements in drop jump height, jump power, absolute and relative anaerobic alactic power and 10 m sprint performances following the SSG training compared with the SMHT (p<0.05, ηp2= ranging from 0.219 to 0.368). Game performance characteristics showed significant effect in SSD training in average sprint distance, total number of sprints and time between sprints (p<0.05, ηp2= ranging from 0.08 to 0.292). The results of this study show that handball SSGs represent an adequate in-season strategy to promote a wide range of physical adaptations with improvements in running and jumping performance. This represents important information for coaches, since SSGs develop handball players’ physical profiles while replicating tactical and technical features of the game. Nevertheless, simulated match training may be judiciously used to improve players’ aerobic performance.
Comparative whole transcriptome analysis of gene expression in three canine soft tissue sarcoma types
Authors: Lam Lydia , Tien Tien , Wildung Mark , White Laura , Sellon Rance K. , Fidel Janean L. , Shelden Eric A.
Published: September 2022

Soft tissue sarcomas are pleiotropic tumors of mesenchymal cell origin. These tumors are rare in humans but common in veterinary practice, where they comprise up to 15% of canine skin and subcutaneous cancers. Because they present similar morphologies, primary sites, and growth characteristics, they are treated similarly, generally by surgical resection followed by radiation therapy. Previous studies have examined a variety of genetic changes as potential drivers of tumorigenesis and progression in soft tissue sarcomas as well as their use as markers for soft tissue sarcoma subtypes. However, few studies employing next generation sequencing approaches have been published. Here, we have examined gene expression patterns in canine soft tissue sarcomas using RNA-seq analysis of samples obtained from archived formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tumors. We provide a computational framework for using resulting data to categorize tumors, perform cross species comparisons and identify genetic changes associated with tumorigenesis. Functional overrepresentation analysis of differentially expressed genes further implicate both common and tumor-type specific transcription factors as potential mediators of tumorigenesis and aggression. Implications for tumor-type specific therapies are discussed. Our results illustrate the potential utility of this approach for the discovery of new therapeutic approaches to the management of canine soft tissue sarcomas and support the view that both common and tumor-type specific mechanisms drive the development of these tumors.
Factors affecting clothing purchase intention in mobile short video app: Mediation of perceived value and immersion experience
Authors: Hewei Tian
Published: September 2022

Based on the stimulus-organism-response (SOR) framework, this research introduces perceived value and immersive experience, and builds a model of media interaction affecting consumers’ consumption of clothing in mobile short video app (MSVA). Among the conducted survey, using the method of questionnaire survey, a total of 820 questionnaires were collected, and data from 752 valid questionnaires were used for analysis. The research results showed that the MSVA media interaction has a positive impact on perceived value, immersion experience, and purchase intention; Perceived value has a significant positive impact on immersion experience and purchase intention; Immersion experience has a significant positive impact on purchase intention. Perceived value and immersion experience play a mediating role in the relationship between social media interactivity and purchase intention. This research will provide theoretical support for clothing marketing businesses of MSVA and suggestions for the development and design of MSVA.
Antibacterial activity of medicinal plants in Indonesia on Streptococcus pneumoniae
Authors: Tafroji Wisnu , Margyaningsih Nur Ita , Khoeri Miftahuddin Majid , Paramaiswari Wisiva Tofriska , Winarti Yayah , Salsabila Korrie , Putri Hanifah Fajri Maharani , Siregar Nurjati Chairani , Soebandrio Amin , Safari Dodi
Published: September 2022

Streptococcus pneumoniaeis a human pathogenic bacterium able to cause invasive pneumococcal diseases. Some studies have reported medicinal plants having antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria. However, antibacterial studies of medicinal plants againstS.pneumoniaeremains limited. Therefore, this study aims to describe the antibacterial activity of medicinal plants in Indonesia againstS.pneumoniae. Medicinal plants were extracted by maceration with n-hexane, ethanol, ethyl acetate and water. Antibacterial activity was defined by inhibition zone and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Bactericidal activity was measured by culture and time-killing measurement. Methods used to describe the mechanism of action of the strongest extract were done by absorbance at 595 nm, broth culture combined with 1% crystal violet, qRT-PCR targetinglytA,peZTandpeZA, and transmission electron microscope to measure bacterial lysis, antibiofilm,LytAandpeZATgene expression, and ultrastructure changes respectively. Among 13 medicinal plants,L.inermisLinn. ethyl acetate extract showed the strongest antibacterial activity againstS.pneumoniaewith an MIC value of 0,16 mg/ml. Bactericidal activity was observed at 0,16 mg/ml for 1 hour incubation.Lawsonia inermisextract showed some mechanism of actions including bacterial lysis, antibiofilm, and ultrastructure changes such as cell wall disruption, decreasing cell membrane integrity and morphological disorder. Increasing oflytAand decreasing ofpeZAandpeZTexpression were also observed after incubation with the extract. In addition, liquid chromatography mass spectrophotometer showed phenolic compounds as the commonest compound inL.inermisethyl acetate extract. This study describes the strong antibacterial activity ofL.inermiswith various mechanism of action including ultrastructure changes.
Disproportionate impacts of COVID-19 on marginalized and minoritized early-career academic scientists
Authors: Douglas Hannah M. , Settles Isis H. , Cech Erin A. , Montgomery Georgina M. , Nadolsky Lexi R. , Hawkins Arika K. , Ma Guizhen , Davis Tangier M. , Elliott Kevin C. , Cheruvelil Kendra Spence
Published: September 2022

Early research on the impact of COVID-19 on academic scientists suggests that disruptions to research, teaching, and daily work life are not experienced equally. However, this work has overwhelmingly focused on experiences of women and parents, with limited attention to the disproportionate impact on academic work by race, disability status, sexual identity, first-generation status, and academic career stage. Using a stratified random survey sample of early-career academics in four science disciplines (N = 3,277), we investigated socio-demographic and career stage differences in the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic along seven work outcomes: changes in four work areas (research progress, workload, concern about career advancement, support from mentors) and work disruptions due to three COVID-19 related life challenges (physical health, mental health, and caretaking). Our analyses examined patterns across career stages as well as separately for doctoral students and for postdocs/assistant professors. Overall, our results indicate that scientists from marginalized (i.e., devalued) and minoritized (i.e., underrepresented) groups across early career stages reported more negative work outcomes as a result of COVID-19. However, there were notable patterns of differences depending on the socio-demographic identities examined. Those with a physical or mental disability were negatively impacted on all seven work outcomes. Women, primary caregivers, underrepresented racial minorities, sexual minorities, and first-generation scholars reported more negative experiences across several outcomes such as increased disruptions due to physical health symptoms and additional caretaking compared to more privileged counterparts. Doctoral students reported more work disruptions from life challenges than other early-career scholars, especially those related to health problems, while assistant professors reported more negative changes in areas such as decreased research progress and increased workload. These findings suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately harmed work outcomes for minoritized and marginalized early-career scholars. Institutional interventions are required to address these inequalities in an effort to retain diverse cohorts in academic science.
L-Arginine reverses maternal and pre-pubertal codeine exposure-induced sexual dysfunction via upregulation of androgen receptor gene and NO/cGMP signaling
Authors: Akhigbe Roland Eghoghosoa , Afolabi Oladele A. , Ajayi Ayodeji F.
Published: September 2022

Background

Although codeine has been reported to enhance sexual activity by improving penile reflexes, it has been shown to impair fertility indices. Also, codeine impairs ovarian steroidogenesis and folliculogenesis. Nonetheless, whether or not codeine exerts an epigenetic effect remains unclear. On the other hand, arginine has been speculated to enhance penile reflexes by upregulating NO/cGMP Signaling.

Aim

The study evaluated the effect of maternal codeine exposure and prepubertal codeine and arginine treatments on F1 male sexual function and fertility indices, as well as the outcome of F2 progenies. In addition, the epigenetic programming mechanism was also explored.

Methods

Forty three-week-old female rats were randomized into two groups (n = 20 rats/group); the control that received 0.5 ml of distilled water and the codeine-treated that received 5 mg/kg of codeine via gavage for eight weeks. Afterward, the female rats were paired for mating with sexually mature male rats. Rats were maintained on their pre-pregnancy treatments throughout pregnancy and lactation. FI progenies from each cohort (control and codeine-treated cohorts) were weaned at three weeks and randomized into four groups; the control, codeine-treated, L-arginine-treated (300mg/kg), and codeine + L-arginine-treated (n = 10 rats/group). Administration commenced a week post-weaning and lasted for eight weeks via gavage.

Key findings

Maternal codeine exposure did not alter body weight, but significantly reduced anogenital distance and anogenital index of F1 male offspring. Also, maternal codeine delayed preputial membrane separation, impaired male sexual competence, and penile reflexes of F1 male offsprings. These were associated with reduced dopamine, gonadotropins, and testosterone levels as well as suppressed expression of androgen receptor mRNA. In addition, maternal codeine downregulated NO/cGMP signaling, impaired fertility indices, and reduced the litter size, weight, and survival of F2 progenies. These alterations were observed to be aggravated by prepubertal codeine exposure but improved by prepubertal arginine treatment.

Significance

In conclusion, codeine programmed sexual dysfunction by suppressing the levels of dopamine and testosterone, as well as repressing the expression of androgen receptor mRNA. In addition, codeine-induced epigenetic reprogramming was expressed in the F2 offsprings as reduced litter size and weight, and survival rate. Notably, these observations were worsened by prepubertal codeine exposure, but dampened by prepubertal arginine treatment.