bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of dynamic balance between flat feet and normal athletes
Authors: Rauf Umair , Abdullah Abdullah , Adnan Muhammad , Sadiq Noman
Published: January 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the dynamic balance between flat feet and normal athletes using Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT). Research Design: This was a Cross-sectional comparative study. Method: Total 58 athletes, 29 subjects with flat feet (assessed by Sit to Stand Navicular Drop Test) and 29 subjects with normal feet were selected. Both male and female athletes of age group 18-30 years were included. Sit to Stand Navicular Drop Test, Calcaneum Angle, the width of the foot, great toe extension range of motion and Stat Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) were the outcomes that were assessed in the study. Data analysis: Unpaired t-test using the Graph Pad Instat software system was used. Results: Significant mean differences in Sit to Stand Navicular Drop Test, Calcaneum Angle, the width of the foot, great toe extension range of motion, and SEBT were found in individuals with flat feet. The SEBT scores of normal arched feet (right leg: 75.50.2, left leg: 75.10.4) and flat feet (right: 78.12.3, left: 79.93.2) differed (p=0.001). The SEBT leg difference scores of subjects with flat feet (4.43.5) and normal arches (2.30.5) differed (p=0.001). Furthermore, the lateral excursion distance was the least in these individuals (p<0.0001). Conclusion: In flat feet individuals' Dynamic Balance is compromised as compared to normal arched feet.
Ammonium chloride and urea based deep eutectic solvent: toxicological and antioxidant profile Authors
Authors: Inayat Shamaila , Ahmad Sajid Rashid , Awan Sana Javaid , Nawshad Muhammad
Published: January 2023

In the present study, the toxicity potential of ammonium chloride and urea-based deep eutectic solvent (DES) was studied. A homogeneous DES solution was obtained by heating at 60°C for 20 minutes. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was used to verify the synthesis. The toxicity profiling of ammonium-based DES was performed using in vitro cell lines (fibroblast growth factor) and microbes (fungi, Gram positive and gram negative bacteria) and in vivo model organism (fish). DES was found to the had maximum zone of inhibition against tested bacterial (Staphylococcus aureus) and fungal strains (Candida albicans). Ammonium chloride-urea DES had higher LC50 against Cyprinus carpio. DES was found to have a higher percentage of cell viability at higher concentration along with DPPH scavenging activity of 92%. In conclusion, ammonium chloride-urea based DES had been successfully formed and found less harmful at higher concentrations, thus can be used as promising solvents in the future.
A comprehensive review of the classification of fibromyalgia, its possible genetic and environmental causes, and its epidemiology in Pakistan
Authors: Khaliq Rao Zubair , Manzoor Yousaf , Shehzad Muzzamil , Zaman Tariq
Published: January 2023

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a common form of chronic pain that causes pain all over the body. It is thought to affect between 1% and 5% of the world's people. It happens more often in adults, but it can also happen in children. Its exact cause and effect are still not known. However, it is thought to be linked to neuronal over-sensitization, decreased conditioned pain modulation (CPM), cognitive dysfunction, dementia, and problems with how the brain processes information. It is now a disorder with physical symptoms (SSD). FM does not run in families. But it seems to happen more often in families where FM has happened before. One of the most common reasons why people get fibromyalgia is an SNP in the serotonin transporter gene, which can also cause emotional stress. The effects of genetic polymorphisms on serotonergic and catecholaminergic processes in the central nervous system seem to make fibromyalgia more likely. It can be stopped if it is found and treated quickly. Physical therapy and other treatments that don't involve drugs should be made to fit the person with FM. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has given the go-ahead for three treatments. In this review article, we looked again at the possible causes, effects, and treatments for fibromyalgia syndrome.
An Evaluation of the 2020 Change to the Saudi Emergency Residency Program Assessment
Authors: Saud Alrashedi Ibrahim , Farooq Dania
Published: January 2023

Background
Several changes have been made to the assessment component of Saudi residency training programs. Among those is the implementation of three examinations over the course of the year.
Aim
We aimed to explore the emergency residents’ perspective on the change in the number of examinations, and the impact of such changes in terms of time management, knowledge gain, and social life.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was carried out from September to October 2022, using an electronic survey targeting emergency board trainees.
Results
One hundred and nine emergency residents enrolled, of whom 64.2% were male. The majority, 45%, were from the central province. Junior-level residents (R1) represented 26.6% of the sample, while R2 (second year) comprised 18.3%, R3 (third year) comprised 38.5%, and 16.5% were senior (R4) level. More than half of the participants, 56 % (n=61), did not support the change from one to three examinations and believed that it had a negative influence on knowledge gain and clinical skills. The influence of the change on time management stands out as a negative impact, in addition to its impact on social life and annual leave arrangements.
Conclusions
The support for three examinations throughout the year was low; a contributing factor to this may be the sudden changes effected by those tests on training and time management. A re-evaluation of testing culture and involving residents in decision-making might generate acceptance.
العلاقات الأمريكية البلغارية (1959- 1963)
Authors: مهاوش محمد
Published: January 2023

توضح هذه الدراسة طبيعة الدبلوماسية بين الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية وبلغاريا التي بدأت في عام 1903، وقد تم تعليقها من عام 1941 إلى عام 1947، ولكن بعد عدة مشكلات قطعتها الولايات المتحدة مع بلغاريا في عام 1950، إذ بدأت الاخيرة عدت محاولات لإعادة العلاقات والتي تكللت بعودتها عام 1959، ولكن لم يتم فتح المفوضية إلا في عام 1960، ورغم عودة العلاقات لكنها لم تكن بمستوى جيد من التطور والاستقرار خصوصاً بعد تعرقل عملية تسوية المطالبات المالية الامريكية، ومطالب بلغاريا الحصول على حقوق الدولة الاولى بالرعاية التجارية، ولكن اكثر ما اثر في استقرار تلك العلاقة ردود الافعال البلغارية على الازمات التي حدثت خلال عام 1961، منها التعرض لممثلي البعثة الدبلوماسية للمفوضية في واشنطن من مضايقات، وكذلك بسبب العملية الامريكية التي تعرضت لها كوبا من قبل الولايات المتحدة باسم (خليج الخنازير) وازمة جدار برلين، وكذلك خلال عام 1962، مما عرض المفوضية الامريكية في صوفيا إلى عدة تظاهرات غاضبة بسبب ازمة الصواريخ في كوبا، لتهدأ العلاقات مع وفاة الرئيس الامريكي جون كينيدي 1963.
خريطة النشاط الصناعي في محافظة ميسان باستعمال نظم المعلومات الجغرافية (GIS)
Authors: معيجب حمد , جابر محمد
Published: January 2023

تَتَمَتَّع مُحَافَظَة ميسَان بمَوَارِد طَبِيعِيَّة وبَشَرِيَّة هائِلَة فَضلاً عن مَوقِعِهَا الاسترَاتِيجِي , وتُشَكِّل الصِّنَاعَة ركنَاً أسَاس من أركَان نَشَاطها الاقتِصَادِي , إلّا إنَّهَا لَم تَحظَى باهتِمَام المُختَصِّين بعِلم الخَرَائط بنَفس الدَّرَجَة من الأهَمِّيَّة , فهُنَاك صُعوبَة كَبِيرَة في تَوَفّر البَيَانَات والمَعلومَات الصِّنَاعِيَّة المُفَصَّلَة , ولهذا تَم رَسم خَرَائط النَّشَاط الصِّنَاعِي في المُحَافَظَة بِمَا يَتَلاءَم ومُستَوَى المَعلومَات المُتَوَفِّرَة وأهَمِّيَّتهَا . ويُمكن تَصنِيف المُنشَآت الصِّنَاعِيَّة حَسَب حَجم الصِّنَاعَة إلى ثَلاثَة أصنَاف , مُنشَآت صِنَاعِيَّة صَغِيرَة ومُتَوَسِّطَة وكَبِيرَة , إذ يوجَد في مُحَافَظَة ميسَان مُنشَآت صِنَاعِيَّة صَغِيرَة وكَبِيرَة وتَخلو من المُنشَآت الصِّنَاعِيَّة المُتَوَسِّطَة حَسَب الإحصَاءَات الصِّنَاعِيَّة التي حَصَل عَلَيهَا البَاحث ولِغَايَة عَام 2020 .
Kadına Biçilen Toplumsal Rollerden Ev Ortamı-Annelik Özelinden Feminist Sanata Bakış
Authors: AYDIN Hatice Dönmez , Şengül Bilge
Published: January 2023

Feminist sanat ortaya çıktığı andan itibaren farklı dönemlerin farklı sorunlarına o günün yöntemleri ile dikkat çekmeye çalışmıştır. Her dönem feminist sanatın ilgisini çeken konuların ağırlığı değişse de ana özne olan kadın sorunları üzerine üretimler yapılmaya devam edilmiştir. İşte bu çalışmada ikinci kuşak feminist sanatçılardan ön plana çıkanlarının, kadına biçilen rollere ve onun dayatmalarına karşı ortaya koydukları eserler incelenmiştir. Bu noktada çalışmaların da genişliği dikkate alınarak ev ortamı ve annelik özelinde verilen eserler analiz edilerek, feminist sanatçıların bu konu ile ilgili verdiği eserler ve bu eserlerde ön plana çıkan özellikler ortaya konmuştur. Bu eserler incelendiğinde, klasik materyallerin dışına çıkıldığı, oluşturulan kadın imgelerine tepkisel bir yaklaşım sergilendiği ve çalışmaların hem bireysel hem de bir ekip çalışması olması önem arz eden bir durumdur.
Mathematical modelling of a glucose-insulin system for type 2 diabetic patients in Chad
Authors: Adoum Adam Hassan , Haggar Mahamat Saleh Daoussa , Ntaganda Jean Marie
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we focus on modelling the glucose-insulin system for the purpose of estimating glucagon, insulin, and glucose in the liver in the internal organs of the human body. A three-compartmental mathematical model is proposed. The model parameters are estimated using a nonlinear inverse optimization problem and data collected in Chad. In order to identify insulin and glucose in the liver for type 2 diabetic patients, the Sampling Importance Resampling (SIR) particle filtering algorithm is used and implemented through discretization of the developed mathematical model. The proposed mathematical model allows further investigation of the dynamic behavior of hepatic glucose, insulin, and glucagon in internal organs for type 2 diabetic patients. During periods of hyperglycemia (i.e., after meal ingestion), whereas insulin secretion is increased, glucagon secretion is reduced. The results are in agreement with empirical and clinical data and they are clinically consistent with physiological responses.
The evaluation of Turkey's foreign trade with different country groups within the framework of the gravity model
Authors: Demirci Beyda , Sevüktekin Mustafa
Published: January 2023

The gravity model is based on the law known as the gravitational law discovered by Newton and was first used by Tinbergen to explain the foreign trade flow. It assumes that the size of the countries affects the foreign trade flow positively and the distance variable affects the foreign trade flow negatively. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Black Sea Economic Cooperation Organization was established under the leadership of Turkey to develop foreign trade with the countries that declared their autonomy. Similar to the story of the disintegrating Soviets, the Balkan Countries also declared their independence by leaving Yugoslavia. This study aims to investigate whether the gravity model is appropriate to explain Turkey’s exports and imports to the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC), Balkan and selected countries during the 1996-2019 period. Export and import were used as dependent variables. Gravity model variables such as GDP, distance, population, language and common border variables were used to explain the exports and imports of the respective countries. For all these models, panel data analysis techniques were employed; pooled, random and fixed effects models were estimated and then tests for the model selection were carried out to choose the most appropriate model. After the appropriate models were determined, the assumption tests were executed. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the gravity model was suitable to explain Turkey’s imports to the Balkan countries and exports to the selected country groups. The results of the study suggested that while the gravity model was suitable for explaining the factors affecting Turkey’s trade flow for some country groups, it further suggested that it was not suitable for some countries.
Using Hemp for Walls as a Sustainable Building Material
Authors: Shareef Sardar S. , Rauf Hozan Latif
Published: January 2023

As an ancient plant from thousands of years ago, Hemp has been used as the most prominent sustainable material in buildings and other fields. Hemp has great potential to be used as a building material and can be grown in Cyprus weather with less cost than other imported building materials. Hemp’s initial cost is mostly cheaper than the other insulation materials; in the long term can save almost 50% of the total energy cost. It is being used as a load-bearing construction material, the best insulator. This study proposed a detached house where Hemp can be used for walls as structure (load-bearing) and floors and roofs as plastering layers.
Energy-Performance Concrete Roof Slabs in Hot Climates Using Air Ventilation and False Ceiling with Baffles Shape: A Numerical and Modeling Study
Authors: Mahmood Hersh F. , Maarof Hiwa Abdlla , Abu-Bakr Masood , Soud Amira
Published: January 2023

The thermal performance of a concrete roof between the main slab (concrete slab) and secondary slab (gypsum board) has been investigated in this work with and without a ventilator. The hourly averaged climatic data (combined optical and thermal condition) of the external roof surface was used as the resource for the boundary conditions of Erbil city (Kurdistan Region, Iraq). The results of measuring the effects of using a ventilator between the concrete slabs and gypsum boards indicated that the moving air in the layer between slabs by using the ventilation process has more effect in cooling roofs and the room temperature had less than that of slabs that do not use ventilation, and so using baffle shape gypsum board as the secondary slabs for air turbulence to increase air velocity, the number of mass flow rates have more efficient in the cooling process and fast the cooling process, the surface temperature was reduced by (4.5oC and 3.6 oC) with the mass flow rates of (3.5kg/s)  and (2kg/s) respectively,  this is due to moving air makes roof slab cool and loss the heat that transfers through the slabs, so using this technique for an exciting roof is a good choice
Primi appunti per il testo e il commento della "Zaffetta" di Lorenzo Venier
Authors: Crimi Giuseppe
Published: January 2023

Composta da Lorenzo Venier (1510-1550) nel 1531, probabilmente con la com-plicità di Pietro Aretino, La Zaffetta è un poemetto in ottava rima, di intonazione morale e satirica, che racconta la violenza di gruppo contro la cortigiana veneziana Angela Zaffetta. Nel contributo il componimento viene riesaminato alla luce dei testimoni noti e contestualizzato nella Venezia del Cinquecento.
Performing Arts Archives. Problematiche di analisi, trasposizione e catalogazione audiovisuale della memoria teatrale in video. Introduzione
Authors: Sabatini Desirée
Published: January 2023

Introduzione al numero 4 di Connessioni Remote 4: Performing Arts Archives.
Immaginare il futuro di una complessa opera mixed-media: Il caso di The Floating Museum di Lynn Hershman Leeson
Authors: Giannachi Gabriella
Published: January 2023

Recenti innovazioni riguardanti la documentazione della performance e i new media hanno rilevato l’importanza della documentazione del percorso di vita di questo tipo di opere. Per opera complesse come The Floating Museum di Lynn Hershman Leeson questo vuol dire considerare l’opera come un ibrido assemblaggio formato da documenti, record e documentazioni storiche e dalle loro rielaborazioni nel corso del tempo.
Artist–Activist–Archivist On Multiple Dimensions of the Temporary Slovene Dance Archive
Authors: Milohnić Aldo
Published: January 2023

Rok Vevar is a dance historian and archivist who founded the Temporary Slovene Dance Archive (TSDA) in 2011. TSDA is a platform for documenting and historicizing modern and contemporary dance in Slovenia. He first opened the archive to the public in his private apartment in Ljubljana, Slovenia, and then in March 2018, he transferred it into the premises of the Museum of Contemporary Art Metelkova in Ljubljana. The material is now more accessible to its users who are at the same time witnesses of the development of this peculiar archive. TSDA has thus become a performative, time-specific and site-specific installation presenting the archive as a structure evolving over time and without end. It seems that by entering the institutional framework as an individual, the archivist has found material support and space while retaining his relative independence. In the introduction of his article, Aldo Milohnic presents the genealogy and the structure of TSDA and then, in the main part of the article, he analyses a specific complexity of the relation artist–activist–archivist, represented by TSDA’s founder Rok Vevar.
La Televisione è di/per chi la fa (Testo di Giacomo Verde)
Authors: Connessioni Remote Redazione
Published: January 2023

Trascrizione dell’intervento al seminario “La TV per i bambini tra edutainment e educational. Nuovi linguaggi per nuove generazioni”. Roma 25-26 giugno 1997. Auditorium RAI di Viale Mazzini.
Colorectal cancer: A narrative review
Authors: Oriakhi Steve-nation , Akpo Emmanuel , Odion-Obomhense Helen , Otene Cletus , Ikubor Joyce , Uchendu Jude , Orugbo Peter
Published: January 2023

Colorectal cancer is the second most common cancer in women and a third in men globally. Its mortality is rising with a major contribution from a low- and middle-income countries. We highlight the current trends in the demographics, histopathological patterns and management of colorectal cancer to improve care and prognosis of the disease. A search of PubMed, Hinari, Google Scholar, Directory of Open Access Journals and African Journal Online was made.  Only full articles were reviewed. Most colorectal tumours develop via a multistep process involving a series of histological, morphological and genetic changes that accumulate over time. Clinical features are varied, non-specific and dependent on the site of the tumour and the extent of luminal narrowing caused by the tumour. Colonoscopy is vital in establishing the diagnosis of colorectal cancer as it allows visualization of the colon and permits tumour biopsy. Treatment is both multimodal and multidisciplinary involving surgery, radiation therapy and cytotoxic therapy. The incidence and mortality may be significantly reduced by screening which can either be invasive or non-invasive. The non-invasive uses tumour markers such as guaiac faecal occult blood test or immunohistochemical faecal occult blood test while the invasive tests include the flexible sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy. The burden of colorectal cancer may likely increase due to its current trend and ageing population; deficiency in cancer prevention efforts as a result of lack of government policies, low level of awareness and inadequacy of cancer registries. We advocate collaborative efforts to combat the scourge of the disease.
Evaluation of gastroprotective and phytochemical properties of Terminalia superba engl. & diels (combretaceae) stem bark methanol extract
Authors: Chukwuma Michael , Odoh Uchenna E. , Ezugwu Christopher O. , Mba Theodora C. , Okorie Austin
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
Peptic ulcer is a disease that is affecting a large part of the population world-wide irrespective of the race and tribe. Advances made in the search for an ideal or perfect antiulcer drug has been eroded by cost, side effects and treatment failure. Search for cheap, safe, and effective drugs continues. It is the aim of the research to identify the secondary metabolites present in Terminalia superba Engl. & Diels (Combretaceae) stem bark methanol extract and investigate its gastroprotective properties. Methanol extract of T. superba was prepared by cold maceration extraction method using methanol. The extract was concentrated and subjected to acute toxicity test using Lorke’s method, and phytochemical investigation using standard methods. Gastro-protective activity was investigated by three models: aspirin- induced gastric ulcer, hypothermic restraint stress-induced ulcers and ethanol-induced gastric ulcer. The extract was safe in mice at doses below 2154 mg per Kg body weight and the extract contained the major secondary metabolites-alkaloids, flavonoids tannins, saponins, terpenoids, steroids. Pre-treatment with the extract reduced gastric ulceration in rats. There was a 77.3% reduction in the aspirin model, 75.2 % in the ethanol model and an 84 % in the Hypothermic restraint stress-induced ulcers model. There was a statistically significant difference at p= .05 between the treated groups and the un-treated group The methanol extract of Terminalia superba bark is rich in the major secondary metabolites and has gastro-protective a property.
Investigasi Kelompok untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Siswa
Authors: Harianja Robert , Tampubolon Taruly , Sibarani Sariayu
Published: January 2023

Sebelum pemberian tindakan, diberikan tes awal untuk melihat kemampuan awal siswa memecahkan masalah. Setelah pemberian tindakan pada setiap akhir siklus diberikan tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah. Berdasarkan hasil tes awal, diperoleh bahwa kemampuan awal siswa memecahkan masalah masih rendah dengan nilai rata-rata kelas 66,9. Setelah pemberian tindakan pada siklus I, yaitu melalui model pembelajaran investigasi kelompok diperoleh nilai rata-rata kelas 73,4 dengan 24 orang (70,6%) telah mencapai tingkat kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika. Selanjutnya setelah pemberian tindakan pada siklus II, yaitu melalui model investigasi kelompok digabung dengan metode Tanya jawab dan pemberian latihan diperoleh nilai rata-rata lebih meningkat menjadi 80,1 dengan jumlah siswa yang telah mencapai tingkat kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika sebanyak 31 orang (91,2%). Diperoleh peningkatan nilai rata-rata kelas sebesar 6,7 dan peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika sebesar 20,6%. Dari analisis data, diperoleh kesulitan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal-soal logaritma, yaitu: (1) siswa mengalami kesulitan dalam memahami makna soal sehingga tidak mampu menentukan apa yang diketahui dan yang ditanya dari soal yang diberikan, (2) siswa kurang teliti dalam melakukan perhitungan, (3) siswa tidak dapat menyelesaikan soal-soal pemecahan masalah. Berdasarkan tindakan dan analisis yang dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa melalui model investigasi kelompok digabung dengan metode tanya jawab dan pemberian latihan, ada peningkatan kemampuan siswa memecahkan masalah pada pokok bahasan logaritma T.A. 2020/2021.
Optimalisasi Pengawasan Keimigrasian sebagai Bentuk Pencegahan terhadap Peredaran Narkoba Melalui TPI Laut
Authors: Aminuddin Aminuddin , Dananjaya Muhammad Brian , Ramadhan Muhammad Fahri
Published: January 2023

Berdasarkan Undang-undang No 6 Tahun 2011 Tentang Keimigrasian, Imigrasi merupakan perlintasan orang yang masuk atau keluar wilayah negara Indonesia dengan dilakukanya pengawasan terhadap setiap orang yang masuk atau keluar wilayah sebagai bentuk penegakan kedaulatan suatu negara. Pada awal tahun 2021 hingga tanggal 14 Mei 2021 jumlah WNA yang masuk wilayah Indonesia berjumlah 151.562 orang, data ini di uangkapkan langsung oleh Menteri Hukum Dan Hak Asasi Manusia Yasonna H Laoly. Menurut data yang di berikan Kementrian Dalam Negeri sendiri untuk WNI yang melakukan mobilisasi keluar dan masuk wilayah Indonesia berjumlah 6.577.916. Mobilitas ini tentunya memberikan dampak positif bagi bangsa pada bidang perekonomian dan bidang lainya. Selain terdapat dampak positif tentunya terdapat dampak negatif yang akan di rasakan oleh Negara Indonesia, seperti tindak kejahatan kriminal yang meningkat yang menjadi tantangan bagi pemerintah dalam mencegah serta menekan angka kejahatan yang terjadi di Indonesia.
An Asset Market Approach to the Conditions on the Usage of Cryptocurrencies with Fiat Currencies in a Coexistence Economy: The Land under Zero.
Authors: k Mehmet , Erdil Erkan
Published: January 2023

This study aims to construct a theoretical framework for the usage of cryptocurrencies together with fiat currencies in a coexistence economy to estimate the future effects of cryptocurrencies on the world economy. In this model, Bitcoin is used as a representative cryptocurrency, the uncertainties behind it are taken into consideration measuring by the variance of the expected returns on it. The model has three agents such as buyers, miners, and sellers. Buyers have to decide how much fraction of their initial wealth they spend either on Bitcoin or fiat money in the intention both to consume goods and services and to invest in the asset market. Buyers’ problem of choice is solved by considering their risk attitudes. Miners select the optimal mining effort to validate the transactions to have maximum gain. They gain rewards as Bitcoin and transaction fees, but they incur the cost of electricity as long as they exert effort to mine Bitcoin. Sellers sell their goods and services in the goods market to buyers and have no important effect on the usage of Bitcoin in this model. The study reveals the coexistence conditions of cryptocurrencies and fiat money based on the agents’ (buyers, miners, and sellers) optimization decisions. Overall, the “return-motive” creates the main intuition of using Bitcoin as a medium of exchange in the goods market. The uncertainties behind cryptocurrencies, the transaction and electricity fees, and people’s risk attitudes construct the main determinants of the condition of using cryptocurrencies together with the fiat currencies.
Composición y diversidad florística del matorral andino afectado por incendios forestales en el sur del Ecuador
Authors: Muñoz Chamba Luis Fernando , Ulloa Evelyn , Muñoz Johana , Aguirre Zhofre
Published: January 2023

El matorral andino se caracteriza por ser una vegetación densa, con abundancia en arbustos y pocas especies arbóreas. La investigación se realizó en el matorral andino del Parque Universitario Francisco Vivar Castro, ciudad de Loja. El objetivo fue caracterizar la composición y diversidad del matorral andino afectado por incendios forestales, y el estudio de su regeneración. La vegetación se estudió en 5 parcelas permanentes de 400 m2 donde se midieron todos los arbustos mayores a 1,50 m de alto y árboles mayores a 5 cm de DAP. La regeneración natural se evaluó en parcelas anidadas y por categoría: latizal en parcelas de 400 m2, brinzal en parcelas de 25 m2 y plántula en parcelas de 1 m2. La composición y diversidad del matorral fue de 27 especies, 24 géneros y 16 familias. La diversidad fue media, presentó cuatro especies endémicas. Las especies más importantes ecológicamente fueron los arbustos Lepechinia mutica y Dendrophorbium scytophyllum que representan el 84 % de total de individuos, y árboles como Alnus acuminata y Clethra fimbriata. La regeneración natural está dominada por Dendrophorbium scytophyllum y Clethra fimbriata en las tres categorías. El matorral andino se encuentra en un proceso de sucesión natural con una adecuada regeneración natural.
Identificación de tipos funcionales de plantas en el bosque andino del Parque Universitario Francisco Vivar Castro
Authors: Muñoz Johana , Cuenca Henry , Muñoz-Chamba Luis , Aguirre Zhofre
Published: January 2023

La identificación de tipos funcionales de plantas basados en rasgos funcionales, permite entender de mejor manera la respuesta que presenta la vegetación a diversos factores ambientales que se dan dentro de una zona o ecosistema a través del estudio de la ecología funcional, convirtiéndose en una nueva forma de abordar a la biodiversidad desde otro punto de vista. La presente investigación, busca generar información sobre los tipos funcionales de plantas que existen en la zona de mejor estado de conservación  del Parque Universitario Francisco Vivar Castro con base a la descripción de  rasgos funcionales en las especies vegetales.  Se analizó 34 especies vegetales que fueron seleccionadas por criterios de abundancia en una parcela permanente, en donde se categorizó cuatro rasgos funcionales: altura máxima, fenología foliar, hábito de crecimiento y agente dispersor; con la información proporcionada se estructuró una matriz de rasgos y se determinó los tipos funcionales de plantas a través de un análisis multivariado. Las especies más representativas por su abundancia fueron Palicourea amethystina,  Phenax laevigatus y Hedyosmum scabrum. El rasgo  morfológicos de altura  mostró un rango entre 6 a 14 m;  el rasgo de fenología foliar, el 88,24 % de las especies presentan fenología perennifolia y un 11,76 % se clasifica como caducifolio; en la dispersión de semillas, el 17,65 % se refiere a especies que presentan una dispersión anemócora y un 82,35 % semillas realizada por animales zoócora, siendo esta la categoría más representativa para la asociación de los grupos. Se determinó dos tipos funcionales de plantas; TFP1 se denomina como grupo Perennifolio con dispersión Zoócora y, al TFP2 como grupo Semiperennifolio con dispersión Anemócora – Zoócora.. Este estudio mostró que a través de rasgos se puede analizar y entender las relaciones funcionales y ecológicas que ocurren dentro de una comunidad vegetal.
Web literacy among the researchers and faculty members of select universities in India during COVID-19
Authors: Kaur Baljinder , Singh Harvinderjit
Published: January 2023

Purpose: The study is taken to assess the awareness, ability, use and web literacy skills of social sciences researchers and faculty of select universities in Punjab and Chandigarh from North India during COVID-19.
Methodology: A survey-based study was conducted on social science departments of select universities in Punjab and Chandigarh from North India. The data were collected from a sample of 532 respondents using a structured questionnaire through emails via Google docs. The data were analyzed using SPSS and MS Excel using statistical techniques viz. percentage, Pearson Chi-square test etc.
Findings: The study has found that most of the social sciences faculty and researchers of the universities under study used open web during COVID 19 for read/download web content most of them were found having the ability to use the web to some extent. The faculty was found to be more familiar with data security, digital privacy than researchers. The most of them learned how to use the web through self-study and were willing to improve their web literacy skills through some digital literacy programs.
Originality: This study is original study that was focused on assessing the web literacy skills of social science faculty and researchers which helped them to use the web especially during the period of COVID-19.
Practical implications: The results of this study can be used for university libraries to plan and organize some digital literacy/capacity building programs for the social sciences faculty and researchers according to their specific needs and it will help users to use web in situation like COVID-19 pandemic.
Keywords: Awareness, ability, use, web literacy skills, COVID-19, digital literacy program.
Evaluasi Kebijakan Fasilitas Pajak Penjualan Atas Barang Mewah Ditanggung Pemerintah Pada Kendaraan
Authors: Izdihar Marsya Diah , Wahyudi Nico , Putra Phaksi Purnamasari , Firmansyah Sandi , Wijaya Suparna
Published: January 2023

The Covid 19 virus, which originated in China and spread throughout the world, has changed the order of various aspects of human life, such as significant reductions in community activity, especially in tourism, transportation, construction and real estate, financial, and automotive. Through the National Economic Recovery (PEN) policy, Indonesia provides fiscal incentives to affected industrial sectors including the automotive sector. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the implementation of the PPnBM DTP policy for motorized vehicles in Indonesia and its impact on the Indonesian economy in general. An evaluative qualitative approach is used to review the legal basis and literature regarding incentives policies and to compare the results with related previous research and studies. The results of the evaluation found that the application of sales tax incentives on luxury goods for motor vehicles has proven to bring significant and positive impact on improving performance for the automotive industry and increasing total state revenue due to PPnBM DTP. In addition, the policy has also succeeded in increasing employment during the COVID-19 pandemic, increasing the performance of finance companies related to the utilization of PPnBM DTP facilities, and boosting the export performance in the automotive sector.
Virus Covid 19 yang berasal dari Tiongkok dan menyebar ke seluruh dunia telah mengubah tatanan berbagai aspek kehidupan manusia, seperti berkurangnya aktivitas masyarakat secara signifikan terutama di bidang pariwisata, transportasi, konstruksi dan real estate, keuangan, dan otomotif. Melalui kebijakan Pemulihan Ekonomi Nasional (PEN), Indonesia memberikan insentif fiskal kepada sektor industri yang terdampak termasuk sektor otomotif. Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi implementasi kebijakan PPnBM DTP kendaraan bermotor di Indonesia dan dampaknya terhadap perekonomian Indonesia secara umum. Pendekatan kualitatif evaluatif digunakan untuk meninjau dasar hukum dan literatur mengenai kebijakan insentif dan membandingkan hasilnya dengan penelitian dan kajian terkait sebelumnya. Hasil evaluasi menemukan bahwa penerapan insentif pajak penjualan atas barang mewah untuk kendaraan bermotor terbukti membawa dampak signifikan dan positif bagi peningkatan kinerja industri otomotif dan peningkatan total penerimaan negara karena PPnBM DTP. Selain itu, kebijakan tersebut juga berhasil meningkatkan penyerapan tenaga kerja di masa pandemi COVID-19, meningkatkan kinerja multifinance terkait pemanfaatan fasilitas PPnBM DTP, serta mendongkrak kinerja ekspor sektor otomotif.
Need for routine mental health training and evaluation of school teachers
Authors:   Junior Resident Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India., Shenoy Swathi , Prabakaran Karpaga Priya ,   Senior Resident, Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India., Pandhy Gouri Kumari ,   Additional Professor, Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India.
Published: January 2023

Background: In working towards the goal of Universal Health Coverage, mental health is often neglected in terms of awareness, human resources, and health care facilities. This pandemic has increased the awareness regarding the importance of mental health. Methods: Every occupation is subjected to mental stress, but a field of particular importance is a teacher. During the ages 5-15, the teacher’s effect on the growing child is unique as they take part in building the academics and the personality of a student. Results: Teachers themselves are often subjected to high work pressure, low pay, and other challenges and their mental health is often overlooked. Hence there is a profound need for training the teachers on detection of early signs of mental disorder and also incorporating their routine mental health examination. The close bonding between the teachers and students can be utilized to generate awareness and help in early diagnosis. Conclusion: From this we have concluded that the preserving the teacher’s mental health will benefit the teacher and their students the future of the nation. Keywords: teachers mental health, teachers-student dyad, training of teachers, mental disorders
Internet Use and Risky Financial Market Participation: Evidence from China
Authors: Ma Xinxin
Published: January 2023

The information and communication technology promotion policies have been implemented and enforced in both developed and developing countries. China has the most Internet users worldwide. Although it is assumed that the Internet use may affect the risky financial market participation, the empirical evidence on the issue is scarce. Using a national longitudinal data, this study investigates the impact of Internet use on individuals’ participation in risky financial markets in China after considering the endogeneity issues. Three key findings emerged. First, Internet use has a significantly positive effect on participation in risky financial markets. Second, the positive effect of Internet use is greater for the group aged 30–49 years, the middle and the highly educated group, urban hukou residents, and women as compared to their counterparts. Third, the positive effect of Internet use on risky financial participation may be through three channels—increase in income, information obtaining, and reduction of transaction costs.
Bioassay-guided fractionation and evaluation of anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant and anti-hyperlipidemic potential of punica granatum l. Var nana cultivated in egypt
Authors: Eid Hanaa Hassan
Published: January 2023

Punica granatum L. var. nana is an ornamental plant, yet it is underestimated medicinally compared to edible pomegranate. In this study, the ethanolic extract of the leaves(TEL)and its successive fractions were evaluated for anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant and anti-hyperlipidemic potentials in nicotinamide/streptozotocin(NA/STZ)-diabetic rats. Blood was measured for glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin(HbA1c%) and insulin levels.Anti-oxidant activity was assessed via measuring malondialdehyde(MDA), nitric oxide(NO), total anti-oxidant activity(TAC) and reduced glutathione(GSH). Anti-hyperlipidemic activity was evaluated via monitoring triglycerides(TG), total cholesterol(TC), low density lipoproteincholesterol(LDL-c), very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(VLDL-c), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-c) and atherogenic index(AI). Both TEL and ethyl acetate fraction(EAL) reduced glucose, HbA1c%, MDA, NO, TG, TC, LDL-c, VLDL-c and AI but increased plasma insulin, TAC, GSH and HDL-c. Therefore, the potent effect of TEL could be attributed to EAL, from whichseven phenoliccompounds were isolated.Nutritional composition was also investigated. Finally, leaves of the studied plant played a beneficial role in management of diabetes, controlling oxidative stress and improvement of lipid abnormalities.
Fahr’s disease: A rare case report
Authors: Nyamagoud Sanatkumar B
Published: January 2023

Fahr’s disease may be defined as a rare, degenerative neurological condition which presents itself as an idiopathic, bilatera l deposition of calcium in the striopallidodentate area of the brain. Here we are presenting a case of a 38 years old female patient with complaints of fever since three days, two episodes of generalized tonic–clonic seizure (GTCS) which lasted for 10-15 minutes. Symptoms like anger outbursts, irritability, forgetfulness, tingling and numbness of extremities were noted. Chvostek sign, Trousseau sign and Café au lait spots were observed. Based on the evidences obtained from laboratory investigations and CT/USG scan the patient was diagnosed with Fahr’s disease. The pharmacotherapy of this case included Phenytoin 100 mg for convulsions, Calcium gluconate injection (10%) single dose under heart rate monitoring, Ferrous sulfate, Vitamin D supplements, Thyroxine for elevated TSH levels and Ceftriaxone for prophylaxis. As with other neurodegenerative conditions, there is currently no known cure for Fahr’s disease, thus symptomatic relief is the main focus of treatment. Testing calcium levels every month is mandatory to modify the treatment plan accordingly. Awareness about physical health, psychological counseling and Cognitive behavioural therapy may be beneficial in improving the quality of life and prevent further health complications.
Prognostic significance of electrocardiography in chronic kidney disease patients
Authors: Jain Ayush
Published: January 2023

For patients with chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease(CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and death.Even though myocardial infarction (MI) is a contributing factor in nearly half of fatalities from cardiovascular (CV)causes, cardiac arrest and cardiac arrhythmias are thought to be responsible for around a quarter of all deaths reported in chronic kidney disease patients. Electrocardiograms (ECGs), which are straightforward and non-invasive, can identify people who are more susceptible to fatalities.100 patients with chronic kidney disease were included in this crosssectional research.The patients were evaluated as per the history, general physical examination, systemic examination, Blood Urea, Serum Creatinine, Urine Routine, ECG and Echocardiography. The study shows 72% of patients had cardiovascular abnormalities identified by electrocardiography. Ischemia is seen in 16% of individuals and Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in 30% of patients. In 8 cases (16%), an abnormality in intraventricular conduction was discovered. In 10 individuals (10%), P mitrale was discovered. Six individuals (about 6%) had arrhythmia. The most often observed morphological anomaly is left ventricular hypertrophy. Electrocardiographically, myocardial ischemia and conduction disruption were more clearly visible.
The Foreign Policies of India with the United States
Authors: Shriparkash
Published: January 2023

Based on common democratic principles and a growing union of interests on bilateral, global and regional concerns, India and the United States have grown their bilateral relations into a "global strategic partnership." The concentration on growth and decent governance by the Indian government has given a chance to strengthen bilateral ties and cooperation under the mottos "Sanjha Prayas, Sab ka Vikas" (Shared Effort, Progress for All) and "Chalein Saath Saath" (Forward Together We Go), which were adopted during the first two summits between Prime Minister Modi and President Obama in September 2014 and January 2015, respectively. India and the United States were described as "Enduring Global Partners in the 21st Century" in the summit-level joint statement released in June 2016.

Regular high-level political meetings have sustainedly boosted bilateral cooperation, and the extensive and expanding dialogue architecture has laid the groundwork for future India-U.S. engagement. The business and funding, security and defence, educational, and other facets of the bilateral relationship between the United States and India have all expanded and become cross-cutting. Active interpersonal communication and support from the public in both countries help to strengthen our bilateral relationship.
Penyuluhan Optimalisasi Nilai Tambah Sekam Padi sebagai Briket Arang di Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang, Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Padapi Astrini
Published: January 2023

Permasalahan daerah penghasil beras umumnya sama yakni limbah sekam padi yang tidak termanfaat dengan baik. Urgensi  dari  kegiatan  ini  adalah membantu  memecahkan  masalah  dari Kelompok Tani Desa Madenra mengenai  pemanfaatan sekam padi sehingga memiliki nilai jual lebih.  Kegiatan  ini  dilaksanakan pada kelompok Tani Desa Madenra berupa Kegiatan Penyuluhan, Praktek Pembuatan briket arang sekam padi, dan Penyuluhan. Kelompok tani sangat membutuhkan solusi dari permasalahan yang ada, bagaimana mengatasi limbah sekam yang pemanfaatannya sangat minim. Salah satu prospek bisnis yang bagus adalah mengolah sekam ke bentuk briket arang. Langkah pembuatan yang dilakukan dalam pembuatan Briket Arang Sekam Padi yakni Persiapan alat dan bahan baku, penjemuran bahan baku kemudian pengolahan bahan baku. Produk ini bisa meningkatkan nilai tambah dari sekam dan memiliki umur simpan yang panjang. Kegiatan Pengabdian masyarakat pada Kelompok Desa Madenra ini berjalan dengan baik seusai rencana dengan menghasilkan satu produk briket arang sekam dengan Keuntungan pembuatan briket arang sekam padi sebesar Rp. 8000 – Rp. 13.000/kg . Dengan  harapan akan terlaksana kembali pelatihan seperti ini dengan menghasilkan kualitas yang lebih baik kedepannya.
Pengenalan Manfaat TOGA di TK ‘Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal Cabang Jampue Kabupaten Pinrang
Authors: Yamin Mayasari , Tawakkal Gau Andi Dita , Yunus Yusdalifa Ekayanti , SC Ummu Kaltsum , Qadri Sri Nur
Published: January 2023

Pertanian berkelanjutan adalah pengelolaan sumber daya yang berhasil guna membantu kebutuhan manusia yang berubah sekaligus mempertahankan, meningkatkan kualitas lingkungan dan melestarikan sumber daya alam. Dalam mendukung pertanian berkelanjutan dapat diawali pada anak usia dini guna meningkatkan wawasan dan pemahaman dibidang pertanian khususnya untuk beberapa komoditi pertanian yang dapat digunakan sebagai obat herbal yang diistilahkan sebagai tanaman TOGA (Tanaman Obat Keluarga). TOGA menjadi pilihan masyarakat untuk dibudidayakan di lahan pekarangan atau manggunakan polybag dengan pertimbangan dapat dimanfaatkan untuk kesehatan. Tanaman obat dapat digunakan sumber obat yang aman, tidak mengandung bahan kimia, murah, dan mudah diperoleh. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk (1) memberikan edukasi kepada anak usia dini mengenai pengelompokkan tanaman TOGA dan (2) memberikan informasi manfaat dari masing-masing tanaman TOGA, (3) menambah informasi untuk anak usia dini dalam mengenai tanaman yang dapat diolah menjdi obat herbal. Metode yang dilakukan meliputi penyuluhan tentang manfaat dan cara pengolahan tanaman TOGA serta penyuluhan swamedikasi. Hasil yang dicapai adalah pemahaman mengenai macam-macam tanaman TOGA, pengelompokkan, cara pengolahan dan pemanfaatan TOGA serta pentingnya tanaman TOGA untuk pengobatan mandiri.
Efficacy of Low-Level Laser Therapy in The Management of Neck Pain: Systematic Review
Authors: Mazhar Iqra , Muhammad Asif  , Khokhar Ismail Anwar
Published: January 2023

Background: Laser therapy is an effective therapeutic option that has helped patients with both acute and chronic neuropathies. Low-level laser therapy provides effective short-term pain relief and improvement in cervical range of motion in participants with neck pain. Objective: To explore the evidence related to the efficacy of low-level laser therapy in patients with neck pain. Methods: This systematic review comprised randomized controlled trials in which pain and range of motion were the outcomes investigated. The PEDro scale was then used to assess the quality of the studies involved. Studies from Google Scholar, PubMed, the HEC Digital Library, PEDro and the Cochrane Library were included in this review. Only randomized trials and English-language papers involved people over the age of 18 with neck discomfort and both genders. The population with psychiatric illnesses and traumatic traumas who were less than 18 years old included observational studies, copyright issues and paper in other languages.26 A PRISMA flowchart was also used to demonstrate the entire process of adding and removing articles from review. Results: PEDro scale was used to assess the quality of studies as shown in Table I, showed that all the studies are of high quality. The following variables were collected for each study: general patient information such as mean age, mean duration, percentages of male and female in sample size, country of study, year of study publication, name of first author, sample size and outcome measure (Table II). Studies revealed that laser therapy is found to be statistically significant in treating neck pain, neck range of motion and disability when compared to placebo therapy. Conclusion: This study found that laser therapy decreases pain in participants with persistent neck discomfort shortly after therapy. Laser therapy is proven to be more effective than placebo therapy in relieving arm pain and improving cervical strength and flexibility in participants with severe pain and increasing the quality of life when compared to patients treated with a placebo laser therapy.