bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Aqueous Shoot Extract of Tithonia diversifolia on the Growth of Seedlings of Monodora tenuifolia (Benth.), Dialium guineense (Willd.) and Hildegardia barteri (Mast.) Kosterm
Authors: OKE SAMSON OLAJIDE , AWOWOYIN Abisola Victoria , OSENI Shaid Remi , ADEDIWURA Emmanuel Lekan
Published: April 2018

The allelopathic effects of fresh shoot aqueous extract of Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A.Gray, an invasive species introduced into Africa from North and Central America, on the growth of seedlings of three woody species: Monodora tenuifolia, Dialium guineense and Hildegardia barteri were investigated. The fresh shoot aqueous extract of Tithonia diversifolia was applied to the established seedlings of the three woody species over a period of ten weeks. The fresh shoot aqueous extract of Tithonia diversifolia had a significant effect (inhibitory and stimulatory) on growth parameters such as shoot hThe allelopathic effects of fresh shoot aqueous extract of Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray, an invasive species introduced into Africa from North and Central America, on the growth of seedlings of three woody species: Monodora tenuifolia, Dialium guineense and Hildegardia barteri were investigated. The fresh shoot aqueous extract of Tithonia diversifolia was applied to the established seedlings of the three woody species over a period of ten weeks. The fresh shoot aqueous extract of Tithonia diversifolia had a significant effect (inhibitory and stimulatory) on growth parameters such as shoot height, leaf area, number of leaves and chlorophyll content of the three woody species.The study revealed that the fresh shoot aqueous extract of Tithonia diversofolia have different effects (inhibitory and stimulatory) on the seedlings and the mode of action depends on the associated woody plant species.eight, leaf area, number of leaves and chlorophyll content of the three woody species.The study revealed that the fresh shoot aqueous extract of Tithonia diversofolia have different effects (inhibitory and stimulatory) on the seedlings and the mode of action depends on the associated woody plant species.
Response of Solanum melongena L. to Inoculation with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi under Low and High Phosphate Condition
Authors: AZIZ Irfan , AYOOB Mohd , JITE Paramjit Kaur
Published: April 2018

Solanum melongena L. a medicinally and economically important crop plants were grown in polythene bags. The effect of mycorrhizal inoculation (Glomus mosseae) and increasing phosphate levels on the expression of the photosynthetic activity in terms of chlorophyll content. Antioxidant enzymes like peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, root acid and alkaline phosphatase activity of Solanum melongena were evaluated. The experimental design was entirely at CRBD with eight treatments with three levels of phosphate (50,100,150 mg kg-1 of soil). Root colonization ranged from 50.33% to 67.33% . The activity of the studied antioxidant enzymes were found to be increased in arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) Solanum plants. Root phosphatase activity was greater in 100 and 150 mg phosphate level in AM treated than non AM treated Solanum plants. Besides, only AM treated plants of Solanum reflected increase in total chlorophyll content as compared to non AM plants. This work suggests that the mycorrhiza helps Solanum plants to perform better in low and high phosphate level by enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity, acid and alkaline phosphatase activity and total chlorophyll content.
Influence of Weed Competition on Potato Growth, Production and Radiation Use Efficiency
Authors: MONDANI Farzad , GOLZARDI Farid , AHMADVAND Godarz , GHORBANI Reza , MORADI Rooholla
Published: April 2018

Weed management in potato production is one of the main cost and time consuming practices. Understanding the most effective time of weed control could reduce the costs and increase potato yield. Field study was conducted in the west region of Iran during 2006 to evaluate the effect of weeds damage in potato fields. Twelve treatments used consisted of six initial weed-free periods in which plots were kept free of weeds for 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 days after crop emergence (DAE), and then weeds were allowed to grow until harvest, and six initial weed-infested periods in which, weeds were allowed to grow for 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 DAE, then the plots were kept free of weeds until harvest. Experiment was arranged as a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed effect of weed competition on crop dry matter started about 40 DAE and about 90 DAE reached its maximum. The weeds competition decreased dry matter accumulation, leaf area index, crop growth rate, leaf area index duration, light absorption, light extinction coefficient and radiation use efficiency (RUE) of potato. Weeds reduced the potato yield 54.8 percent. The beginning and the end of the critical period of weed control in potato (CPWC) was based on 5% and 10% tuber yield loss. The onset of the CPWC ranged from 486 to 572 GDD, at 5% and 10% yield loss level corresponding to 11 and 19 days after crop emergence, respectively. The end of the CPWC varied from 1372 to 1164 GDD, at 5% and 10% yield loss level corresponding to 65 and 51 days after crop emergence, respectively. RUE in the weed infestation treatment in comparison to the weed free treatment, reduced 11.8 percent.
Effect of Basal Media and Sugar Types on in Vitro Regeneration of Grammatophyllum speciosum Blume
Authors: PIMSEN Montakarn , KANCHANAPOOM Kamnoon
Published: April 2018

Protocorms of Grammatophyllum speciosum Blume. were initiated from immature seeds on solid MS medium containing 15% (v/v) coconut water (CW) and 3% (w/v) sucrose. Protocorms, 2-4 mm in length were used as explants and subcultured to MS and VW (Vacin and Went, 1949) media containing 15% (v/v) CW and 2 or 3% (w/v) sucrose. Protocorms gave the highest formation of PLBs (protocorm-like bodies) at 3.1 PLBs/explant on MS solid medium containing 15% CW and 2% sucrose. For the test with different carbon sources, protocorms were cultured in liquid MS medium supplemented with 4 kinds of sugar, namely sucrose, glucose, sorbitol and mannitol at 2, 4, 6 or 8% (w/v) and cultured for 1, 2, 3 or 4 weeks. They were then transferred to MS solid medium containing 15% CW and 2% sucrose. Results revealed that after 4 weeks in MS liquid medium, sucrose and glucose had an inhibitory effect and 8% glucose gave a high percentage of protocorm browning. In contrast, sorbitol and mannitol were effective for protocorm regeneration and both sugar alcohols had a positive effect on the formation of PLBs and the development of PLBs into plantlets.
Establishment of Cell Suspension Culture and Plant Regeneration in Abrus precatorius L., a Rare Medicinal Plant
Authors: RAHMAN Mohammad Serajur , MIAH Mohammad Abdul Bari , HOSSAIN Mohammad Shahadat , KABIR Ahmad Humayan , RAHMAN Mohammad Motiur
Published: April 2018

A new protocol has been developed for cell culture and in vitro regeneration of Abrus precatorius that holds enormous potentiality for preparation of medicines. In vitro grown calli were cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) liquid media in agitated condition fortified with 0.5 mg/l 6-Benzylaminopurine. Growth curve of cells revealed that the cells continued to grow until 12 days of culture and got the highest peak from day 6-8. Isolated cell was found to produce highest 8.2% calli when suspended on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l 6-Benzylaminopurine and 0.1 mg/l 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid. Callus derived from single cell produced highest number of embryo (25-28%) cultured on MS medium fortified with 2.0 mg/l 6-Benzylaminopurine and 0.2 mg/l 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid. The bipolar embryos were selected and optimum shoot formation was recorded on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l 6-Benzylaminopurine and 0.1 mg/l 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid. The optimum root induction was noticed in MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l 3-Indolebutyric acid. Rooted plantlets were successfully transferred to potting soil and acclimatized to outdoor conditions.
Taxonomic Significance of Glume Morphology and Leaf Epidermal Characteristics in some Taxa of Tribe Aveneae (Poaceae)
Authors: EL-GAZZAR Adel , El-GHANI Monier , SHALABI Lamiaa
Published: April 2018

The numerical classification of tribe Aveneae (Poaceae) is discussed regarding the glume morphology and silica skeleton morphologies. The present study dealt with 18 species belonging to 10 genera of the tribe to cover as many groups as possible within Aveneae. The total of 31 structural characters and 71 character states were scored comparatively. The resulted data matrix was analyzed under a combination of Euclidean distance measure and Ward’s clustering method included in the program package PC-ORD version 5. The resulted dendrogram separated the tribe into five basic sub-ordinate groups created from three major groups A, B and C. The taxonomic significance of these results was discussed. The results showed congruence between the clustering and PCA method, in suggesting three major groups and 5 sub-ordinate groups.
Morphogenetic Potential of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) cv. ‘Arka Ahuti’ to Plant Growth Regulators
Authors: NAMITHA Kanakapura K. , NEGI Pradeep S.
Published: April 2018

A highly reproducible in vitro regeneration method for tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cultivar ‘Arka Ahuti’ was established by using hypocotyl, leaf and cotyledon explants from in vitro raised seedlings on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of hormones 6-Benzylamino purine (2 to 4 mg/L) and Indole-3-acetic acid (0.1 to 1 mg/L). The medium supplemented with 2 mg/L 6-benzylamino purine and 0.1 mg/L indole-3-acetic acid was found to be the best for inducing direct shoot regeneration and multiple shoots per explant from hypocotyl explants. Callus induction was observed in all the explants and regeneration of shoots was also promoted by all these combinations. Shoots were transferred to the elongation medium which also induced 100% rooting. After hardening, plants were transferred to soil. Thus, a tissue culture base line was established for ‘Arka Ahuti’ cultivar of tomato for obtaining direct regeneration using hypocotyl, leaf and cotyledon as explants.
Morphological, Anatomical and Palynological Studies on Endemic Matthiola anchoniifolia Hub. -Mor. (Brassicaceae)
Authors: TEKIN Mehmet , YILMAZ Gülden , MARTIN Esra
Published: April 2018

In this paper, anatomical, palynological and seed micromorphological properties of an endemic plant Matthiola anchoniifolia Hub.-Mor. are recorded for the first time. A description and descriptive illustrations of the species are given based on the collected specimens for morphological study. Seed surface of M. anchoniifolia is examined by scanning electron microscope. The seed of M. anchoniifolia was compressed, brownish in colour and the cells of testa were nearly 60-80 μm in diameter and ranged from isodiametric, tetragonal or pentagonal. The anticlinal walls were straight or weakly curved while the outer periclinal walls were concave to flat with smooth surface. In anatomical study, cross sections of root, stem and stem leaf are examined. The root had secondary structure. Periderm consists of 5-8 layers of cells for phellem. Cortex consists of 9-12 layered parenchymatic tissue under the periderm. Secondary phloem ring-shaped, 6-9 layered and consists of companion cells and grouped sieve tubes. Stem had primary structure when analyzed. It is circular with a few irregular ribs in cross section. Cortex is 8-12 layered and parenchymatous. Stoma cells are present on both epidermis. Leaf is isobilateral. There are unicellular and ramified hairs on both surface. Palisade parenchyma cells are 1-2 layered and spongy parenchyma cells are 5-12 layered. M. anchoniifolia has tricolpate pollen type, prolate pollen shape and reticulate exine ornamentation.
Effect of Basal Medium, Explants Size and Density on the In Vitro Proliferation and Growth of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Cultivar ‘16-bis’
Authors: MAZRI Mouaad Amine
Published: April 2018

The effect of basal medium, explant size and density on shoot multiplication, growth, rooting and acclimatization of date palm cv. ‘16-bis’ was evaluated. Bud clusters of different sizes (2, 3, 4 and 5 buds per cluster) were cultured at density of 1, 2, 3 and 4 clusters on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS), woody plant medium (WPM) and Nitsch medium (NM) supplemented with 0.5 mg/L 2-naphthoxyacetic acid and 0.5 mg/L kinetin for three months (multiplication phase). Separated shoots of different sizes (
Classification of the Leguminosae-Papilionoideae: A Numerical Re-assessment
Authors: EL-GAZZAR Adel , EL-GHANI Monier , EL-HUSSEINI Nahed , KHATTAB Adel
Published: April 2018

The subdivision of the Leguminosae-Papilionoideae into taxa of lower rank was subject for major discrepancies between traditional classifications while more recent phylogenetic studies provided no decisive answer to this problem. As a contribution towards resolving this situation, 81 morphological characters were recorded comparatively for 226 species and infra-specific taxa belonging to 75 genera representing 21 of the 32 tribes currently recognized in this subfamily. The data matrix was subjected to cluster analysis using the Sørensen distance measure and Ward’s clustering method of the PC-ord version-5 package of programs for Windows. This combination was selected from among the 56 combinations available in this package because it produced the taxonomically most feasible arrangement of the genera and species. The 75 genera are divided into two main groups A and B, whose recognition requires little more than the re-alignment of a few genera to resemble tribes 1-18 (Sophoreae to Hedysareae) and tribes 19-32 (Loteae to Genisteae), respectively, in the currently accepted classification. Only six of the 21 tribes represented by two or more genera seem sufficiently robust as the genera representing each of them hold together in only one of the two major groups A and B. Of the 29 genera represented by more than one species each 17, 7 and 5 are taxonomically coherent, nearly coherent and incoherent, respectively. The currently accepted circumscription and inter-relationships among the disrupted tribes and genera are in need of much detailed investigation.
Seed Germination and Early Growth Responses of Hyssop, Sweet Basil and Oregano to Temperature Levels
Authors: MIJANI Sajad , ESKANDARI NASRABADI Samieh , ZARGHANI Hadi , GHIAS ABADI Mohhamad
Published: April 2018

The objectives of this survey were to determine the effect of temperature on germination and seedling growth of Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L.), Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) and Oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) (Lamiaceae family) as well as comparing species regarding germination behavior and growth characteristics. Seeds were germinated on a temperature-gradient bar varying between 5 and 40 °C (with 5 °C intervals). Results indicated that the highest germination percentage of hyssop (92-98%), sweet basil (86-90%) and oregano (74-77%) occurred at 20-30 °C, 25-30 °C and 20-30 °C, respectively; therefore, moderate and warm temperatures are proper for germination of all species. In all species the maximum germination rate obtained at 30 °C. Among all species, Day 10 % of Sweet basil Germination had the lowest value, which indicates faster germination. The cardinal temperatures (base, optimum and ceiling or maximum) were estimated by the segmented model. Base temperature (Tb) was calculated for hyssop, sweet basil and oregano as 3.42, 5.70 and 5.46 °C, respectively. Optimal temperature (To) calculated for all species was approximately 30°C, So warmer temperatures are much more proper for them. The species showed different maximum temperatures (Tm) from 42.91 (Oregano) to 48.05 °C (Hyssop). In Hyssop and Sweet basil optimum growth of seedlings were observed at 30°C while Oregano reached its best growth at 25°C. The difference between maximum and minimum temperatures of germination knowing as temperature range (TR) index could show adaptation capability to broad sites for planting and domestication. Regarding this index Hyssop stood in the first place.
Effect of Light Stress on Germination and Growth Parameters of Corchorus olitorius, Celosia argentea,Amaranthus cruentus, Abelmoschus esculentus and Delonix regia
Authors: OLOGUNDUDU Akinbode Foluso , ADELUSI Adekunle Ajayi , ADEKOYA Kehinde Peter
Published: April 2018

Seeds of Abelmoschus esculentus, Amaranthus cruentus, Celosia argentea, Corchorus olitorius and Delonix regia were germinated under light and dark conditions. The germination parameters revealed that germination was higher in seeds of A. cruentus and C. olitorus under light while the seeds of D. regia germinated more in the dark. However, no major difference was observed in the germination of C. argentea and A. esculentus in light and darkness. The above findings point out that germination is species dependent. It also indicated that Amaranthus cruentus and C. olitorius adapt better to light while D. regia adapt better to dark condition. The shade plants of A. esculentus and D. regia were found to be taller than those under direct sunlight. However, seedlings of A. cruentus, C. olitorius and C. argentea were found to be taller those under direct sunlight than in the shade regimes. This could suggest that these plants have higher tolerance of heat with respect to A. esculentus and D. regia. Shade plants of A. esculentus, C. argentea, C. olitorius and D. regia exhibited lower leaf area which is an adaptation to maximize light interception. Higher leaf area was observed in the shade plant of A. cruentus may be an adaptation to maximize the little light available to the plant under shade. These findings revealed plants adaptation to cope with stress in the environment.
Infrastructure information management of bridges at local authorities in the UK
Authors: Parlikad Ajith Kumar , Catton Phil
Published: April 2018

Behind the largest infrastructure construction projects currently underway is a system of managing information known as Building Information Modelling (BIM). This represents a collaborative approach to civil engineering and makes use of advances in computer technology to link seamlessly many information repositories together across organisational boundaries. Alongside the developments in BIM, the world of asset management has also seen a major leap forward with the release of ISO 5500x – the family of international standards for asset management. This is now being adopted by many industries – particularly those in the infrastructure sectors – to maximise the value which is returned from their assets. In addition, the Highways Maintenance Efficiency Programme has released a guidance for highway authorities wishing to improve their asset management systems. However, infrastructure managers in local authorities such as county councils are significantly less engaged in both of these developments than their counterparts in strategic infrastructure networks. This paper presents the findings of a study of the ‘information system landscape’ at local authorities from across England, UK. The study reveals a number of recurring information management challenges that are frequently present. The paper finally provides a number of recommendations with specific reference to information management and encourages councils to consider adopting the standards.
A road infrastructure asset management process: gains in efficiency and effectiveness
Authors: Adey Bryan T
Published: April 2018

There are a large number of efforts around the world to obtain more net benefits from road infrastructure assets. This can be seen through the proliferation of codes and guidelines and the increasing amount of research in road infrastructure asset management. Many of these codes and guidelines and much of the research, however, are focused on only part of the large complex problem of road infrastructure asset management. In efforts to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the process, however, it is likely that it is useful to define clearly the entire road infrastructure management process. In this paper, this is done at a high level. It is hoped that using this high-level process as a starting point will help ensure that further efforts to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of road infrastructure asset management are successful not only in general, but also in particular through the exploitation of computer systems. The process can be used as a starting point by road infrastructure asset managers as they establish their own more detailed process, in which all involved stakeholders agree as to the activities involved in the management of road infrastructure assets and the reasons why.
Flexural and shear capacities of semi-precast RC beams with embedded steel connections
Authors: Liu Changyong , Wang Yuyin , Chan Tak-Ming , Wang Qinghe
Published: April 2018

This paper proposes two types of semi-precast reinforced-concrete (RC) beams with steel connections embedded at each end. The proposed beams are designed to address the problems of complex detailing and construction difficulties between concrete-filled steel tubular columns and conventional RC beams. The proposed beams are composed of two steel I-beams partially embedded into the end sections of the RC beams. Full-scale experiments were carried out on the two proposed beams and a reference conventional RC beam to study the failure mode, crack propagation and flexural and shear strengths. Results indicated that the flexural strength of the proposed beams was well predicted by the current design codes on concrete structures including GB 50010, ACI 318-11 and BS EN 1992-1-1 (Eurocode 2). To further examine the shear behaviour of proposed beams, six experiments with two different shear span-to-depth ratios were conducted. The influence of the embedded steel connections on the shear behaviour was investigated and a correction coefficient for the shear span-to-depth ratio was proposed. Based on the current design codes on concrete structures, modified equations for calculating the shear strength were proposed. Finite-element methodology was also adopted to simulate the structural behaviour of the embedded steel connections under combined bending and shear force. Based on numerical findings, design methods for the embedded steel connections were recommended.
Analytical seismic performance assessment of hollow reinforced-concrete bridge columns
Authors: Kim Tae-Hoon
Published: April 2018

The aim of this study is to analytically assess the seismic performance of hollow reinforced-concrete bridge columns using a novel damage index, and to provide data for developing next generation design criteria. Hollow reinforced-concrete bridge columns have been used in the past in place of their solid counterparts in the construction of bridges. These hollow columns have several benefits over solid columns, including the reduction of vertical load applied to the foundation as well as the reduction of seismic mass. Two circular and two rectangular hollow reinforced-concrete bridge columns were tested under a constant axial load and a cyclically reversed horizontal load. A computer program, RCAHEST (Reinforced Concrete Analysis in Higher Evaluation System Technology), is used to analyse reinforced-concrete structures. Novel damage indices aim to provide a means of quantifying numerically the performance level in cast-in-place and precast hollow reinforced-concrete bridge columns sustained under earthquake loading. The proposed numerical method for the seismic performance assessment of hollow reinforced-concrete bridge columns is verified by comparison with the experimental results.
Study of the behaviour of skirted shallow foundations resting on sand
Authors: Sajjad Gholipour , Masoud Makarchian
Published: April 2018

The performance of skirted shallow foundations resting on sand bed was investigated using physical modelling. Laboratory tests were performed on small-scale foundation models to study the behaviour of circular, skirted foundations subjected to vertical loads. The effects of foundation diameter, relative density of sand, skirt depth and roughness of the model surface on the bearing capacity and settlement of skirted foundations were studied. The results of the model tests have shown that using skirts improve the bearing capacity and settlement values of skirted foundations compared with shallow foundations without skirt. The improvement in bearing capacity and a reduction in settlement of shallow foundations increase with increasing the skirt depth, roughness of skirt sides and decreasing the relative density of sand. The ultimate bearing capacity of shallow foundations may be increased by up to 5·0 times and the settlement can be reduced to a value of 8% of those of foundations without skirts. On the basis of the obtained results, a series of charts are presented to estimate bearing capacity improvement and settlement reduction in terms of sand relative density, skirt depth to foundation diameter ratio and roughness of skirt sides. Skirted foundations resting on loose sand are more beneficial than those resting on medium and dense sand.
Optimal Public Debt with Life Cycle Motives
Authors: Peterman William B. , Sager Erick
Published: April 2018

Public debt can be optimal in standard incomplete market models with infinitely lived agents, since the associated capital crowd-out induces a higher interest rate. The higher interest rate encourages individuals to save and, hence, better self-insure against idiosyncratic labor earnings risk. Even though individual savings behavior is a crucial determinant of the optimality of public debt, this class of economies abstracts from empirically observed life cycle savings patterns. Thus, this paper studies how incorporating a life cycle affects optimal public debt. We find that while the infinitely lived agent model's optimal policy is public debt equal to 24\% of output, the life cycle model's optimal policy is public savings equal to 61\% of output. Although public debt also encourages life cycle agents to hold more savings during their lifetimes, the act of accumulating this savings mitigates the potential welfare benefit. Moreover, public savings improves life cycle agents' welfare by encouraging a flatter allocation of consumption and leisure over their lifetimes. Accordingly, abstracting from the life cycle yields an optimal policy that reduces average welfare by more than 0.6% of expected lifetime consumption. Furthermore, ignoring the life cycle overstates the influence of wealth inequality on optimal policy, since optimal policy is far less sensitive to wealth inequality in the life cycle model than in the infinitely lived agent model. These results demonstrate that studying optimal debt policy in an infinitely lived agent model, which abstracts from the realism of a life cycle in order to render models more computationally tractable, is not without loss of generality.
Elyaf takviyeli polimer kompozit malzemelerin farklı delme yöntemleri ile delinmesinde kesme performansının değerlendirilmesi: Literatür Taraması
Authors: BAYRAKTAR Şenol
Published: April 2018

Elyaf takviyeli polimer kompozit (ETPK) malzemeler, yüksek mukavemet ve sönümleme, hafiflik, düşük termal genleşme gibi mühendislik özelliklerinden dolayı uzay ve havacılık sanayisinde cıvatalı, perçinli ve pimli bağlantılarda yaygınlıkla kullanılmaktadır. Ancak, metallere göre daha karmaşık yapıya sahip oldukları için delme işlemi esnasında delik giriş ve çıkışında delaminasyon, matris fazında bozulma ve elyaf kopması gibi etkenler, bu malzemelerin sahip olduğu mühendislik özelliklerinin azalmasına sebep olmaktadır. Bu malzemeler, uzay ve havacılık sektöründe özellikle gövde-kanat bağlantıları için titanyum ve alüminyum gibi metaller ile birlikte istiflenerek delinmektedir. İstiflenmiş malzemelerin herbiri, farklı özelliklere sahip olduğundan, delme işlemi esnasında hassas işlenmiş yüzey kalitesi için optimum kesme şartlarının belirlenmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, ETPK malzemelerin yekpare ve metaller ile istiflenmiş halde delinmesi ile ilgili literatürde yapılan çalışmalar araştırılarak elde edilen bulgular bir arada sunulmuştur.
Amasya kent örneğinde rekreasyon alanları bilgi sistemi oluşturulmasına yönelik bir çalışma
Authors: Kurdoğlu Banu Çiçek , Kurt Konakoğlu Sultan Sevinç
Published: April 2018

Hızlı ve düzensiz kentleşme
hareketleri, günümüz kentlerini fiziksel, sosyal, biyolojik ve hijyenik yönden
sorunların yer aldığı yaşam alanlarına dönüştürmektedir. Bu durum, doğal
çevrede yaşayan canlıların yaşamlarını olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Doğal
yapının tahrip edilmesinden dolayı kent insanı serbest zamanını geçirebileceği
rekreasyon alanlarına gereksinim duymaktadır. Kent parkları, çay bahçeleri,
mesire yerleri, gezi-dinlenme alanları, yürüyüş yolları kent içi veya kırsal
alanlarda en çok tercih edilen rekreasyon alanlarının başında gelmektedir. Çalışma
alanı olarak doğal, tarihi, turistik özelliklere, doğal bir koridor olan
Yeşilırmak Nehri ve Vadisi’ne sahip Amasya kenti seçilmiştir. Bu çalışmada,
Amasya kent içi ve yakın çevresindeki rekreasyon alanları ile bu alanlarda
gerçekleştirilen etkinlikler belirlenmiştir. Alana ait veriler, Macellan marka
el tipi GPS yardımıyla rekreasyon alanlarından alınan koordinatlar CBS ortamı
ve Arcview 10.1 programında sayısal haritalar ile uydu görüntüsüne işlenerek
rekreasyon bilgi sistemi veri tabanı oluşturulmuştur. Kent halkı ile yapılan
görüşme ve değerlendirmelere göre; Amasya kent içinde 10 adet, kent çevresinde
7 adet rekreasyon alanı tespit edilmiştir.
Isolation and cultivation of human peridondale ligament cells from wisdom teeth v1
Authors: Sielker Sonja , Jung Susanne
Published: April 2018

Isolation and cultivation of human peridontale ligement cells from surgical removed wisdom teeth.
Matematiğe İlişkin Tutum Ölçeğinin Kısa Formunun Türkçeye Uyarlama Çalışması
Authors: TABUK Mesut
Published: April 2018

Öğrencilerin
matematiğe ilişkin tutumları matematiği öğrenme ve öğretme sürecinde oldukça
önemli bir role sahiptir. Bu çalışma, Lim ve Chapman (2013) tarafından
geliştirilen Matematiğe İlişkin Tutum Ölçeğiinin (Kısa – MİTÖ) Türkçeye
uyarlanmış formunun geçerlik ve güvenirliğini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Ölçeğin
geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmaları için kullanılan veriler toplam 306 öğretmen
adayından toplanmıştır. Sonrasında ölçeğin Türkçe formuna ait doğrulayıcı
faktör analizi, iç tutarlık katsayısı, test – tekrar test güvenirliği ve madde
toplam korelasyonlarına ait sonuçlar test edilmiştir. Sonuçlar uyarlanan ölçeğin
5-li likert tipinde ve 15 maddeden oluştuğunu göstermiştir. Ölçme aracı;
motivasyon, öz-güven ve matematiğin değeri olmak üzere 3 faktörden
oluşmaktadır. Kısa–MİTÖ Türkçe formu ile güvenilir, geçerli, matematiğe ilişkin
tutumları etkin bir şekilde ortaya koyabilecek ve uygulama için oldukça kısa
bir zaman dilimi gerektiren bir ölçme aracı olarak ortaya konmuştur.
Yapısal Güçlendirme ile Örgütsel Sinizm Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: ÖZASLAN Gökhan
Published: April 2018

Bu
araştırmanın amacı, öğretmenlerin görev yaptıkları okullarda algıladıkları
yapısal güçlendirme düzeyi ile ifade ettikleri sinizm düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiyi
incelemektir. Araştırma Konya il merkezindeki ilkokul ve ortaokullarda görev
yapmakta olan 201 öğretmenden oluşan bir çalışma grubundan elde edilen
verilerle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veri toplama aşamasında Laschinger, Finegan,
Shamian ve Wilk (2001) tarafından geliştirilen Çalışma Etkililiği Koşulları
Anketi-II ile Brandes, Dharwadkar ve Dean (1999) tarafından geliştirilen Örgütsel
Sinizm Ölçeğinin Türkçe uyarlamaları kullanılmıştır. Pearson momentler çarpımı
korelasyon katsayısı hesaplanarak elde edilen bulgular, katılımcıların görev
yaptıkları okullardaki yapısal güçlendirme düzeyine ilişkin algılarının alt
boyutlarının tamamı ile örgütsel sinizmlerinin alt boyutlarının tamamı arasında
anlamlı, negatif yönde, düşük veya orta düzeyde ilişkiler olduğunu
göstermiştir. Çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi sonucunda elde edilen bulgular
ise öğretmenlerin görev yaptıkları okulların yapısal güçlendirmesine ilişkin
algılarının onların bilişsel, duyuşsal ve davranışsal sinizmlerindeki varyansı
açıkladığını göstermiştir. Anlamlı yordayıcılara bakıldığında, sinizmin
bilişsel ve davranışsal alt boyutlarının okulların yapısal güçlendirme düzeyine
ilişkin öğretmen algısının bilgi ve destek alt boyutları tarafından, öğretmenlerin
örgütsel sinizminin duyuşsal alt boyutunun ise okulların yapısal güçlendirme
düzeyine ilişkin öğretmen algısının bilgi alt boyutu tarafından anlamlı bir
şekilde yordandığı görülmüştür. Ulaşılan bulgulara dayalı olarak uygulamaya
yönelik iki öneri geliştirilmiştir: (1) Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı ve özel
okulların yöneticileri, öğretmenleri görev yaptıkları okulların mevcut durumu
ile üst yönetimin değerleri ve amaçlarına ilişkin bilgilendirecek etkili
bilgilendirme mekanizmaları kurmalıdırlar. (2) Okul yöneticileri lisansüstü ve
hizmet içi eğitimlerinde okul içerisinde destekleyici etkileşimin önemine
ilişkin bilgilendirilmelidirler.
Ebeveyn Tutumlarının Ergenlerin Akademik Güdülenme Düzeyleri Üzerindeki Yordayıcı Etkisi
Authors: PEKER Adem , KAĞIZMANLI Nurseven
Published: April 2018

Bu araştırmanın amacı ergenlerin akademik güdülenme düzeyleri üzerinde ebeveyn tutumlarının yordayıcı etkisini incelemektir. Araştırma 2016-2017 eğitim öğretim yılında Erzurum ilinde beş farklı okul türünde öğrenim gören 358 öğrenci üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma grubunun %59.8’i (214) erkek ve %40.2’sinin (144) ise kız öğrencilerden oluşmaktadır. Çalışmaya katılan öğrencilerin yaş aralığı 14-19 arasındadır. Araştırmada ebeveyn tutumlarının öğrencilerin akademik güdülenme düzeyleri üzerindeki algılarını saptamak için Anne-Baba Tutum Ölçeği ile Akademik Güdülenme Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Pearson korelasyon katsayısı ve çoklu regresyon analiz yöntemi kullanılarak verilerin işlem süreci yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda ebeveyn tutumları ile akademik güdülenme ölçeklerinin alt boyutları arasında anlamlı ilişkilerin olduğu bulunmuştur. Araştırmada kendini aşma ve bilgiyi kullanma akademik güdülenme alt boyutlarının yordayıcısının anne-baba tutumunun kabul/ilgi alt boyutu olduğu belirlenmiştir. Keşif akademik güdülenme alt boyutunu, anne-baba tutumu ölçeğinin kabul/ilgi ve denetleme alt boyutlarının anlamlı bir şekilde yordadığı ortaya çıkarılmıştır.
Pedagojik Formasyon Öğrencilerinde Umut ve Mental İyi Oluş: Yapılandırmacı Düşünmenin Aracı Rolü
Authors: Demirtaş Ayşe Sibel , Baytemir Kemal , Güllü Ali
Published: April 2018

Bu çalışmada, pedagojik formasyon öğrencilerinde umut ve mental iyi oluş arasındaki ilişkide yapılandırmacı düşünmenin aracı rolü test edilmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat Üniversitesi’nde pedagojik formasyon eğitimine devam eden, 212’si kadın (% 74.4),  73’ü  (% 25.6) erkek toplam 285 kişiden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmaya katılanların yaş ortalamaları 20.49, Ss= 2.09’dur. Verilerin toplanmasında Sürekli Umut Ölçeği, Warwick Edinburgh Mental İyi Oluş Ölçeği ve Yapılandırmacı Düşünme Envanteri kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada, betimsel istatistikler, Pearson korelasyon katsayısı ve aracılık analizleri kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, umut, yapılandırmacı düşünme ve mental iyi oluş arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı ilişkiler olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Aracılık etkisi için yapılan analizde ise umut ile mental iyi oluş arasındaki ilişkide yapılandırmacı düşünmenin kısmi aracı rolü istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bulunmuştur. Araştırmanın sonuçları alanyazın ışığında tartışılarak, ruh sağlığı alanında çalışan uzmanlara ve araştırmacılaraönerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Gençlere Bilimi Anlatmak Üzerine Bir Deneyim: Uluslararası Gençlik ve Bilim Merkezi
Authors: Açıkalın Şuay Nilhan , Erçetin Şefika Şule , Potas Nihan , Güngör Halime
Published: April 2018

Çalışmanın
amacı, gençlere bilimi anlatmak ve sevdirmek amacıyla kurulan Gençlik ve Spor
Bakanlığı tarafından desteklenen Uluslararası Gençlik ve Bilim Merkezi’nin
kuruluşunu, işleyişini, gerçekleştirdiği faaliyetleri, proje kapsamında
gerçekleşen etkinliklerin etkililiğini anlatmaktır. Araştırma tarama modeliyle
desenlenmiş olup, çoklu yöntem stratejisi benimsenmiştir. Çalışmaya 15-29 yaş arası 570 kız 588 erkek olmak üzere 1158 genç
katılmıştır. Proje bitiminden 2017 yılı Haziran ayına kadar Uluslararası Bilim
Derneği’nde yapılmış olan atölye çalışmalarına ise 15-29 yaş arası 420 kız 380
erkeğin oluşturduğu 800 genç katılmıştır. Çalışmanın bütününü ise 990 kız ve
968 erkekten oluşan 1958 kişi meydana getirmiştir. 15-20, 20-25 ve 25-29 yaş aralığının
oluşturduğu ve 3 grup halinde toplam 249 saat olarak bilim tarihi, Türk ve
İslam Dünyasında bilim alimleri gibi 16 bilimsel etkinlik gerçekleştirilmiş
projenin devamında da atölye çalışmaları şeklinde 172 saat çalışma yapılmıştır.
Veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen “Gençlerin Gerçekleşmesi
Planlanan Bilimsel Etkinliklere Yönelik Görüşleri Anketi”, “Bilimsel
Etkinlikleri Değerlendirme Anketi” ve “Bilimsel Etkinlikleri Değerlendirme
Görüşme Formu” kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda
gençlerin bilimsel etkinliklerden genel memnuniyet düzeyinin, eğitimcilerden
memnuniyet düzeyinin ve fiziki olanaklar ve eğitim materyallerinden memnuniyet
düzeyinin oldukça yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca bilimsel etkinlikleri
gerçekleştiren eğitimcilerin anlattıkları konularda yeterli olduğunu, bilimsel
etkinliklerin kariyerlerine ve kişisel gelişimlerine katkı sağladıklarını ifade
etmişlerdir.
‘Görsel Sosyoloji’ Üzerinden Mevsimlik Tarım İşçiliğini Anlamak: Eskişehir Alpu Örneği
Authors: GÜNEŞ Doç. Dr. Fatime
Published: April 2018

Mevsimlik tarım işçiliği ‘geçici’ bir iş olarak görülmesine rağmen güvencesiz, örgütsüz ve ağır çalışma koşullarıyla kalıcı bir iş olarak tarımsal üretimde varlığını sürdürmektedir. Tarımda istihdam edilen toplam işgücünün ne kadarının mevsimlik işçi olduğu bilinmemekle birlikte tarımsal işgücünün yaklaşık yarısının mevsimlik tarım işçisi olduğu tahmin edilmektedir. Son yıllarda tarımda mevsimlik işçilik üzerine yapılan araştırmaların sayısı artmıştır. Bu çalışmalar tarım işçilerinin hukuki, ekonomik koşullarını, toplumsal konumlarını, çalışma ilişkilerini ve günlük yaşam pratiklerini; sosyal bilimlerin nicel ve nitel araştırma yöntemleri kapsamında istatistiksel bilgi, anket, mülakat, katılımcı gözlem gibi veri toplama teknikleriyle elde edilen veriler temelinde incelemişlerdir. Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma yapılır, veriler toplanır ve analiz edilir. Bu verileri ‘anlarız’, ‘söyleriz’, ‘iletiriz’ ancak öyle toplumsal gerçeklikler vardır ki deneyimlenir, sayısal, istatistiksel verilerin, imgelerin ötesinde yaşanır, hissedilir yani ‘görünür’. Bu kapsamda çalışmanın temel amacı mevsimlik tarım işçiliğini ‘görsel sosyoloji’ üzerinden anlamaya çalışmaktır. Diğer bir ifadeyle, mevsimlik tarım işçiliğinin yapısal dinamiklerini/unsurlarını ve mevsimlik tarım işçisi hanelerin yaşam mekânlarını; mülksüzleme, işçileşme ve yoksullaşma açısından görsel sosyoloji üzerinden eleştirel bir şekilde incelemektir. Bu inceleme mevsimlik tarım işçiliği yapan hanelerin yaşam deneyimlerini ortaya koyan fotoğraf, belgesel ve video görsellerine dayanmaktadır. 
Türk Siyasal Düşüncesinde 58 Kuşağı: Progresivist (İlerlemeci) Aydınlar
Authors: ERDEM Dr. Ekin
Published: April 2018

Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de 1950’li yıllarda iktidarda bulunan popülist-muhafazakâr hükümete karşı şekillenen muhalif aydın hareketinin başlıca sosyo-politik görüşlerini ele almaktadır. Türk modernleşme tarihinde, ülkeyi ileri uygarlık standartlarına taşımayı amaçlayan reformları yürütmek ile çağdaş batı toplumlarının sahip olduğu özgürlükleri benimsemek arasında çoğu kez bir gerilim gözlemlenmiştir. Genellikle devrimci grupların birinci, liberal-demokratlarınsa ikinci unsuru ön plana aldıkları ve diğer boyutu ihmal ettikleri söylenebilir. Bununla beraber, Cumhuriyet’in kurucu felsefesinden miras aldıkları inkılâpçılık ilkesini “ilerlemecilik” kavramı çerçevesinde yorumlayan 58 kuşağı aydınları, liberal evrimcilik ve otoriter devrimcilik arasında bir denge tutturmayı başarmış ve 1961 Anayasası’nda ifadesini bulan özgürlükçü sosyal devlet düzeninin düşünsel mimarları olmuşlardır. 
Yapabilirlikler Yaklaşımı ve Değerli Yapabilirliklerin Tanımlanması Sorunsalı Yanlış Bilinç Mi, Yapısal Eşitsizlikler Mi?
Authors: ARUN Dr. M. Onur
Published: April 2018

Yapabilirlikler yaklaşımı kalkınma ekonomisi, yoksulluk, sosyal seçim kuramı ve sosyal adalet konularında şu ana kadar cevap verilmemiş birçok soruya cevap veren yeni bir yaklaşımdır. Sen ve Nussbaum tarafından geliştirilmiş bir yaklaşım olarak, adil toplumun farklı iyi hayat tanımına sahip bireylerin değer verdiklerini gerçekleştirebildikleri toplum olduğunu iddia etmektedir. Gelecek vadeden bir yaklaşım olmasına rağmen, hangi insan işlevlerin değerli yapabilirlikler olarak tanımlanması gerektiği gibi, kimi konularda muğlaklıklar barındırmaktadır. Bu tartışma içerisinde, Sen değerli işlevlerin bağlamsal olduğunu iddia ederek bireylerin kendileri tarafından tanımlanması gerektiği söylerken; Nussbaum, bireylerin tercihlerinin sosyal yapı tarafından şekillendirildiğine ve dolayısıyla dışarıdan bir gözle tanımlanması gerektiğini iddia etmektedir. Bu çalışma, bir alan araştırmasına dayanarak, bireylerin kendi dezavantajlı koşulları üzerine karmaşık değerlendirmelerde bulunabildiklerini iddia etmektedir. Bu sebeple, Nussbaum’un paternalist ve modernist iddiasına karşı, bireylerin nelere değer verdiklerini göz ardı etmek yerine, daha fazla sosyolojik, antropolojik ve etnografik alan araştırmasıyla, onların değerlemesini etkileyen bağlamsal sınırlılıklara odaklanmayı önermektedir. 
Evaluation of normal variants of circle of Willis at MRI
Authors: Keeranghat Peyush Pattayil , D. Jagadeesan , M. L. Prakash , Gupta Radha
Published: April 2018

Background: Anatomy of circle of Willis (COW) shows extensive variations in different individuals and signifies the causation and presentation of clinical disease. The present study aims to evaluate the different anatomical variations of the Circle of Willis (COW) in general population, using magnetic resonance (MR) 3D-time of flight angiography and to correlate the observations with age and gender characteristics.Methods: This observational clinical study was conducted January 2013 to March 2014 in 503patients who were referred for MRI – Brain. MRI (Philips 1.5 Tesla magnet) with routine brain sequences along with 3D –TOF MRA was done in all patients. The anatomical variants of the anterior and posterior components of the COW were studied. The complete COW was assessed and the diameters of all the components were measured. The correlation between the vessel diameters in relations to age and gender were evaluated.Results: The mean age group of study participants was 42 years. Male dominance was seen among participants (57.1%). The complete configuration of the circle was seen in 31.6% of population. Most common anterior variant is type A (normal anterior configuration) with a prevalence of 52.9% and posterior variant is type K with a prevalence of 32.9%. Average diameters of the proximal vessels supplying the COW were larger in the older age subjects (centripetal vessels, the right and left ICA s and BA). Statistically significant differences between the mean vessel diameters between males and females were seen in the ICA-RT, ICA-LT, and PCOA-LT.Conclusions: The present study showed great variability of the anatomy of the COW in asymptomatic person. Various variants of COW can be picked up by MRA which is safer and non-invasive when compared with CTA / DSA. Knowledge of these variations would help in planning surgical procedures as well as preventing unwanted interventions.
A prospective study of BISAP score in assessing severity of acute pancreatitis
Authors: Venkatapuram Mahidhar Reddy , Sateesh Sreeram , Batchu Deepthi
Published: April 2018

Background: Aim of study is to prospectively evaluate the ability of the Bedside Index for Severity in Acute Pancreatitis (BISAP) score to predict mortality as well as intermediate markers of severity.Methods: 50 patients admitted from December 2015 to November 2017 with acute pancreatitis were included in the study. BISAP score is calculated in all such patients based on data obtained within 24hrs of hospitalization. Patients were assessed for organ failure according to Marshall scoring system and followed throughout hospitalization for assessment of complications. Statistical analyses were made using Fischer’s exact probability test. The difference was assumed statistically significant when p<0.05.Results: There was a statistically highly significant trend for increasing mortality (p < 0.05) and intermediate markers of severity (p<0.05) that is transient organ failure, persistent organ failure and pancreatic necrosis with BISAP score ≥3.Conclusions: The BISAP score represents a simple way to identify patients at risk of increased mortality and the development of intermediate markers of severity within 24 hours of presentation.
Composite index of anthropometric failure among under 5 children attending the Immunoprophylaxis clinic in a tertiary care hospital in Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
Authors: Kherde Abhijit , Patil Chaitanya R. , Deshmukh Jyotsna , Petkar Prithvi B.
Published: April 2018

Background: Under nutrition is a global public health problem. There are numerous methods of assessment of malnutrition among which CIAF is the most recent, relatively robust since it envisages all the parameters for estimation of nutritional status of the children. So, this study was conducted to find the rates of composite index of anthropometric failure in the children attending the Immunoprophylaxis clinic in a tertiary care hospital of Nagpur and to find associations with the socio demographic variables.Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Immunoprophylaxis clinic of a tertiary care institute in Nagpur from September 2016 to January 2017. The study subjects were the children attending the OPD of Immunoprophylaxis clinic of a tertiary care hospital. Necessary permissions were taken before the start of the study. Data was collected using pretested and pre-designed questionnaire. Height and weight were measured using standard guidelines and categorized into groups of CIAF as described by Nandy et al.Results: A total of 460 study subjects were enrolled in the study. The mean age group of the study subjects was 2.47±1.56 years. According to the grades of CIAF, 48.51% were having no failure. Age and gender were factors which were associated with failure status by CIAF.Conclusions: We found high rates of anthropometric failure in our study. The age groups less than 3 years had higher odds of being in failure when compared to more than 3 years age. Further, males had higher odds of being into failure when compared to females. Community based studies are recommended.
Platelet indices in children with urinary tract infection
Authors: S. Srinivasa , Dhingra Pragyee
Published: April 2018

Background: Urinary tract infection is one of the most common infection in children and may lead to serious morbidity like chronic pyelonephritis and renal scarring. Our hypothesis is that alteration of the platelet morphology can be a reliable index for early diagnosis and management of UTI without waiting for urine culture results. We try to demonstrate a link between the platelet indices and the type of organism, whether gram positive or gram negative to allow proper selection of the antibiotic regimen.Methods: It is a retrospective case control study where 35 urine culture proven cases and 35 cases of non UTI cases was taken as control. Children with haematological diseases affecting platelet were excluded. Platelet indices were taken including for MPV, PDW and platelet count and statistically analysed.Results: MPV and PDW were higher in patient with culture proven especially with gram positive organism.Conclusions: Although urine culture is considered as golden standard for diagnosis of urinary culture, it is time consuming. But early diagnosis can prevent renal parenchymal complications. Hence, we tried to find out other early, easy and sensitive method for detection of urinary tract infections in children. Platelet parameters (thrombocytosis, mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width) is available in analyser report of any complete blood count with no added value. It was also found that gram positive organism has higher mean platelet volume and platelet distribution width as compared to gram negative organism.