bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
One-Carbon Metabolism Nutrients, Genetic Variation, and Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Zhu Jie , Saikia Gunjana , Zhang Xiaotao , Shen Xiaoxi , Kahe Ka
Published: March 2024

Diabetes mellitus (DM) affects about 9.3% of the population globally. Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of DM, owing to its promotion of oxidative stress, β-cell dysfunction, and insulin resistance. HHcy can result from low status of one-carbon metabolism (OCM) nutrients (e.g., folate, choline, betaine, vitamin B6, B12), which work together to degrade homocysteine by methylation. The etiology of HHcy may also involve genetic variation encoding key enzymes in OCM. This review aimed to provide an overview of the existing literature assessing the link between OCM nutrients status, related genetic factors, and incident DM. We also discussed possible mechanisms underlying the role of OCM in DM development and provided recommendations for future research and practice. Even though the available evidence remains inconsistent, some studies support the potential beneficial effects of intakes or blood levels of OCM nutrients on DM development. Moreover, certain variants in OCM-related genes may influence metabolic handling of methyl-donors and presumably incidental DM. Future studies are warranted to establish the causal inference between OCM and DM and examine the interaction of OCM nutrients and genetic factors with DM development, which will inform the personalized recommendations for OCM nutrients intakes on DM prevention.
Efficacy of intraoperative blood salvage and autotransfusion in living-donor liver transplantation: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lee Jongchan , Park Sujung , Lee Jae Geun , Choo Sungji , Koo Bon-Nyeo
Published: March 2024

Background: Liver transplantation (LT) may be associated with massive blood loss and the need for allogeneic blood transfusion. Intraoperative blood salvage autotransfusion (IBSA) can reduce the need for allogeneic blood transfusion. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of blood salvage in LT.Methods: Among 355 adult patients who underwent elective living-donor LT between January 1, 2019, and December 31, 2022, 59 recipients without advanced hepatocellular carcinoma received IBSA using Cell Saver (CS group). Based on sex, age, model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score, preoperative laboratory results, and other factors, 118 of the 296 recipients who did not undergo IBSA were matched using propensity score (non-CS group). The primary outcome was the amount of intraoperative allogenic red blood cell (RBC) transfusion. Comparisons were made between the two groups regarding the amount of other blood components transfused and postoperative laboratory findings. Results: The transfused allogeneic RBC for the CS group was significantly lower than that of the non-CS group (1,506.0 vs. 1,957.5 ml, P = 0.026). No significant differences in the transfused total fresh frozen plasma, platelets, cryoprecipitate, and estimated blood loss were observed between the two groups. The postoperative allogeneic RBC transfusion was significantly lower in the CS group than in the non-CS group (1,500.0 vs. 2,100.0 ml, P = 0.039). No significant differences in postoperative laboratory findings were observed at postoperative day 1 and discharge.Conclusions: Using IBSA during LT can effectively reduce the need for perioperative allogeneic blood transfusions without causing subsequent coagulopathy.
Detection of active human cytomegalovirus in patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: Al-Douri Aya Atheer , Abdullah Shatha Farouk , Al-Mothaffar Ali Mohammed Jawad
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND:

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is ubiquitous and successfully reactivated in patients with immune dysfunction as in patient with multiple myeloma (MM), causing a wide range of life-threatening diseases. Early detection of HCMV and significant advances in MM management has amended patient outcomes and prolonged survival rates.

OBJECTIVES:

The aim of the study was to estimate the frequency of active HCMV in MM patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This is a case–control study involved 50 MM patients attending Hematology Center, Baghdad Teaching Hospital; 25 of them were newly diagnosed and 25 on treatment compared to 50 of apparently healthy control. HCMV-viral load was measured using a real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTS:

Active HCMV was detected in 8 patients out of 50 (16%); 6/25 (24%) in newly diagnosed and 2/25 (8%) on treatment and had autologous bone marrow transplant with mean ± standard deviation of 910 × 1010± 210 × 1010, and 32,000 × 1010± 1500 × 1010IU/mL, respectively. HCMV viremia is equally detected in both remission and relapsed cases.

CONCLUSION:

RT-PCR detected a significant number of MM patients infected by cytomegalovirus compared to healthy individuals. Further studies are needed to verify if this finding has a relation to etiology or disease progression.
Estimation of plasma growth differentiation factor 15 level in de novo acute myeloid leukemia patients
Authors: Sulaiman Safa Mouayed , Ahmed Abeer Anwer
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND:

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a diversified disorder, characterized by clonal proliferation of myeloid precursors in peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM). Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a member of transforming growth factor-β superfamily that has an important role in cancer prognosis and pathophysiology and it can induce apoptosis and inhibit growth and invasion of tumor.

OBJECTIVES:

The aim of this study was to estimate the GDF15 plasma levels in patients with de novo AML and their association with patients’ survival.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A cross-section samples from 60 adult patients who were newly diagnosed with de novo AML from September 2022 to September 2023 were included. Other 30 healthy adult individuals were involved as controls. The measurement of plasma GDF15 level was established by the ELISA technique using the human GDF15 ELISA kit.

RESULTS:

Plasma (GDF15) was higher in AML patients, and it was associated with inferior overall survival (OS). Plasma (GDF15) level shows positive correlation with age, hemoglobin level, and insignificant correlation with the BM and PB blast percentages, total white blood cell count, sex, and platelets.

CONCLUSIONS:

Plasma GDF15 levels in AML patients were high at the diagnosis and were associated with inferior OS.
Attitude toward Youth Suicide “Unveiling Medical Fraternity’s Perspective” in a Tertiary Care Facility: A Qualitative Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Malik Yogender Kumar , Ray Adwitiya , Sethi Sujata , Gupta Rajiv
Published: March 2024

Background and Aim:

Youth suicide presents an concerning public health concern necessitating an all-encompassing comprehension and efficacious intervention. While mental health professionals assume a pivotal role in addressing the factors entwined with youth suicide, it is important to look into the attitudes of medical professionals beyond mental health specialization. This study aims to qualitatively scrutinize the perspectives of medical professionals toward youth suicide.

Methods:

Socio-demographic data were procured utilizing a specially tailored proforma from 671 medical students and medical professionals outside the purview of mental health specialization. An exploratory qualitative study was undertaken employing the Attitude Towards Youth Suicide Scale, comprising eight open-ended inquiries. Qualitative analysis was employed to peruse the data.

Discussion:

Qualitative analysis regarding the factors contributing to suicide unearthed six prevalent themes: mental health issues, stress, social factors, family issues, toxic societal influences, and addiction. Across the participant groups, a consensus was observed regarding the differential causes of suicide in males and females. Medical professionals were more inclined towards professional help while students were alarmingly inclined towards declining any form of help.

Conclusion:

Suicide remains a significant contributor to the mortality rate among young individuals in India. By acknowledging and addressing the distinct perspectives and convictions held by medical professionals concerning youth suicide, tailored interventions can be formulated to augment efforts aimed at preventing suicide.
Are People with Opioid Dependence Who Inject Opioids Different from Those Who Do Not? – Findings from a Cross-sectional, Observational, Community-based Study from North India
Authors: Shakya Pooja , Rao Ravindra , Agrawal Alok , Bhad Roshan , Ambekar Atul , Yadav Deepak
Published: March 2024

Background:

About one-fourth of individuals who are dependent on opioids use opioids through injecting route. Most of such individuals start using opioids through noninjecting route much earlier before they transition to injecting opioids. It is important to identify important factors that delineate individuals who inject opioids from those who use opioids through other routes, which was the objective of the present study.

Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study design. Four hundred treatment-naïve opioid users with opioid dependence were selected using a snowballing sampling technique. The drug use details, family relations, social and occupational functioning, and peer network history were assessed using a self-developed questionnaire and the use of structured instruments such as the Leeds Dependence Questionnaire Scale, High-Risk Behavior Scale, and Functional Status Questionnaire Scale. Comorbid psychiatric symptoms were assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 and Patient Health Questionnaire-9. The Ask Suicide-Screening Questions was used for assessing different domains of suicidality.

Results:

The mean age of the participants was 26 (standard deviation = 6) years. One-third (n = 136) of these were injecting opioid users (injecting drug users [IDUs]) and the remaining were taking opioids through other routes (non-IDUs). In multivariate analysis, IDUs (as compared to non-IDUs) had higher rates of family history of opioid use (odds ratio [OR] =3.53, 95% confidence interval: 1.17–8.69), incarceration history (OR = 2.16, 1.78–3.11), lower employment (OR = 0.53, 0.31–0.84), more people with <5 years of education (OR = 4.31, 2.60–12.73), lower age of starting opioid use (OR = 0.44, 0.26–0.69), more concurrent sedative use (OR = 5.60, 4.34–7), more self-harm attempts history (OR = 1.88, 1.16–3.2), larger peer groups (OR = 1.89, 1.11–2.63), and greater involvement in selling illegal drugs (OR = 1.81, 1.49–3.67).

Conclusions:

Various factors are significantly associated with using opioids through injecting route in individuals with opioid dependence. These factors can help identify individuals with opioid dependence who are likely to transition to injecting opioids.
Natural radioactivity assessment of coal combustion residues produced in Indian thermal power plants using high-purity germanium detector
Authors: Dusane B. Chetankumar , Police Sandeep , Pant Amar Dutt , Maity Sukanta , Mishra S. , Anilkumar S. Pillai , Kumar A. Vinod
Published: March 2024

Huge amount of coal combustion residue (CCR) is being generated in India every year. Since coal contains some natural radionuclides, the CCR may contribute to the enhanced natural radiation background. Hence, it is important to monitor the natural radioactivity levels in Indian CCR samples. The present study aims to estimate the natural radioactivity levels in CCRs produced in Indian thermal power plants. Accordingly, six CCR samples from different thermal power plants were collected and packed to achieve secular equilibrium among daughter products of 226Ra. The samples were counted for activity of gamma radionuclides using high purity germanium detector based high resolution gamma spectrometer. Results show that 40K is the most abundant among analyzed radionuclides, and the lowest was observed for 226Ra. Secular equilibrium was observed between 228Ra and 228Th, whereas no equilibrium was observed between 226Ra and 238U. The activity concentration for 226Ra and its daughter products (214Pb and 214Bi) was found to be similar in CCR sample before and after equilibrium, indicating that progenies are in secular equilibrium in CCR. The X ray diffraction analysis of CCR indicates the presence of aluminosilicate as major fraction, which has potential of trapping of 226Ra and daughter products. The values observed are very low and similar to those observed in naturally occurring radioactive materials such as coal, soil, and sediment, hence are not of radiological concern with respect to human/environment.
Measurement of natural ambient gamma radiation levels and estimation of population dose in tobacco-growing places of Karnataka state
Authors: Madhura R. , Dongre Sandeep , Sunil B. P. , Gopal J. , Sannappa J.
Published: March 2024

Karnataka state is the fourth largest tobacco-growing state in India and Mysore district has large tobacco cultivation. The fertilizers contain the primary nutrients NPK (Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium). This is also responsible for enhancing the gamma radiation level in rural areas of cultivated land of tobacco growing places, in addition to the natural gamma radiation. The aim and objectives of the present study consist of the measurement of the natural ambient gamma radiation dose level, and dose to the public. The natural ambient gamma radiation levels in some tobacco growing places of the Karnataka state were measured by a scintillation survey meter. The ambient gamma absorbed dose rate in cultivated and non-cultivated land varies from 34.8±0.3 nGyh-1 to 226.2±5 nGyh-1, with a mean value of 84.77±1.9 nGyh-1, and 26.1±0.3 nGyh-1 to 182.7±4 nGyh-1, with a mean value 58.82±1.2 nGyh-1 respectively. The indoor and outdoor gamma absorbed dose rate of the villages of the study area varies from 52.2±0.4 nGyh-1 to 234.9±4.5 nGyh-1, with a mean value of 100.89±2.3 nGyh-1, and 30.45±0.5 nGyh-1 to 165.3±3.5 nGyh-1, with a mean value of 63.19±1.3 nGyh-1 respectively. The annual effective equivalent dose rate of the study area varies from 0.293mSvy-1 to 1.344mSvy-1, with a mean value of 0.572mSvy-1. The indoor, tobacco leaves stored houses and the cultivated land shows higher gamma radiation dose rates than the outdoor atmosphere of the villages and non-cultivated land. The present study was able to establish a baseline data of Annual Effective Dose (AED) and assess gamma radiation dose rate of the study area. The results were presented and analyzed systematically from the radiation protection point of view.
Assessment of programmed death-ligand 1 expression in primary tumors and paired lymph node metastases of gastric adenocarcinoma
Authors: Coimbra Brendha Cação , Pereira Marina Alessandra , Cardili Leonardo , Alves Venancio Avancini Ferreira , de Mello Evandro Sobroza , Ribeiro Ulysses , Ramos Marcus Fernando Kodama Pertille
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Anti-programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) immunotherapy has demonstrated promising results on gastric cancer (GC). However, PD-L1 can express differently between metastatic sites and primary tumors (PT).

AIM

To compare PD-L1 status in PT and matched lymph node metastases (LNM) of GC patients and to determine the correlation between the PD-L1 status and clinicopathological characteristics.

METHODS

We retrospectively reviewed 284 GC patients who underwent D2-gastrectomy. PD-L1 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (clone SP142) using the combined positive score. All PD-L1+ PT staged as pN+ were also tested for PD-L1 expression in their LNM. PD-L1(-) GC with pN+ served as the comparison group.

RESULTS

Among 284 GC patients included, 45 had PD-L1+ PT and 24 of them had pN+. For comparison, 44 PD-L1(-) cases with pN+ were included (sample loss of 4 cases). Of the PD-L1+ PT, 54.2% (13/24 cases) were also PD-L1+ in the LNM. Regarding PD-L1(-) PT, 9.1% (4/44) had PD-L1+ in the LNM. The agreement between PT and LNM had a kappa value of 0.483. Larger tumor size and moderate/severe peritumoral inflammatory response were associated with PD-L1 positivity in both sites. There was no statistical difference in overall survival for PT and LNM according to the PD-L1 status (P = 0.166 and P = 0.837, respectively).

CONCLUSION

Intra-patient heterogeneity in PD-L1 expression was observed between the PT and matched LNM. This disagreement in PD-L1 status may emphasize the importance of considering different tumor sites for analyses to select patients for immunotherapy.
Case Report: Clinical and Pathological Findings of Tuberculous Gumma: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Deng Li-Jia , Ye Qian , Luo Si-Yu , Wang Qin-Xiao , Fang Sheng
Published: March 2024

Tuberculous gumma (TG) is a rare type of cutaneous tuberculosis thought to occur as a result of the hematogenous spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which is more common in immunosuppressed individuals. An 8-year-old boy presented with a 2-month history of multiple indolent enlarging ulcerated nodules on his left upper extremity. He had a past medical history of bacille Calmette–Guerin vaccine induced lupus vulgaris. Skin biopsy of the nodules showed granulomas and neutrophil-dominated purulent inflammation. Ziehl–Neelsen staining was negative, and the cultures were positive for M. tuberculosis. Furthermore, the M. tuberculosis complex was identified using metagenomic next-generation sequencing. Standard antitubercular therapy was started at full doses, and the skin lesions had significantly improved 3 months later. Here we review the literature since 2000 and describe the clinical and pathological features of TG.
Limite frio
Authors: Toledo Gustavo
Published: March 2024

Editorial
Tracionamento de canino superior por palatina
Authors: Lasarotto Jheiny dos Passos , Nogueira Weber Adriano
Published: March 2024

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar os métodos existentes de tracionamento de caninos superiores por palatina. O canino permanente é o elemento dental com alta importância na arcada para o sorriso, a fonética e para uma oclusão adequada. Todos os dentes possuem uma cronologia de erupção, mas que pode acabar sofrendo alterações no período de troca da dentadura mista para a permanente devido a inúmeros fatores como, condições patológicas (cistos e dentes supranumerários), ausência de espaço para a erupção do elemento na arcada e trauma dos dentes decíduos entre outros fatores. Depois dos terceiros molares, o canino é o dente com maior prevalência de impacção, sendo a maioria das vezes por região palatina e com predominância no sexo feminino.
Influencia de las habilidades físicas básicas en el proceso cognitivo: una revisión sistemática (Influence of basic physical skills on the cognitive process: a systematic review)
Authors: Bernate Jayson , Rojas Laura , Mendoza Jayson
Published: March 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es realizar una revisión sistemática de literatura de la cual se desprendió un cuerpo teórico – conceptual, que estudió mediante la estrategia PICO para la formulación de la pregunta de investigación: ¿Cuáles habilidades físicas básicas influyen en el procesamiento cognitivo de los niños, niñas, adolescentes y adulto joven? Asimismo, con un método PRISMA de indagación y clasificación de artículos se logró la categorización de 14 documentos que permitieron concluir que existen suficiente información acerca la influencia de las habilidades físicas, pero, para el caso de la población de adolescentes y adulto jóvenes, se requiere profundizar en el tema.
Palabras clave: cognición, proceso cognitivo, habilidades físicas básicas.
Abstract. The objective of this article is to conduct a systematic literature review, from which a theoretical-conceptual framework was developed. This was studied using the PICO strategy for formulating the research question: "Which basic physical skills influence the cognitive processing of children, adolescents, and young adults?" Similarly, employing a PRISMA method for inquiry and article classification, the categorization of 14 documents was achieved. This allowed us to conclude that there is sufficient information about the influence of physical skills, but, in the case of the adolescent and young adult population, further exploration of the subject is required.
Key words: cognition, cognitive process, basic physical skills.
Variability of gross and fine motor control in different tasks in fibromyalgia patients
Authors: Brígida Nancy , Catela David , Mercê Cristiana , Branco Marco
Published: March 2024

Fibromyalgia (FM) is normally defined as a widespread pain syndrome or disease that presents disturbances in gross and fine motor control. As a gross motor control skill, gait requires coordination, balance, and muscle strength, and it could be an essential factor for FM patients to perform daily activities. Measuring the spatial and temporal gait parameters or gait variability has been used to assess motor pathologies and identify gait disorders. The Lyapunov exponent is a non-linear measure of variability, which quantifies the ability that the system has to attenuate small perturbances, indicating that there might be a relationship between balance and spatiotemporal gait parameters. This technique has already been used for gait analysis and could be used in fine and gross daily tasks, such as the finger tapping test (FTT) or the sit-and-stand test. Inertial Measurement Units have also been used to analyze gross motor control, namely in gait variability. So, the aim of this study is to analyze and compare the variability of gross and fine motor movements between patients with FM and a control group. The sample included 20 female participants, 10 with FM and 10 without (46.150 ± 12.835 years old). To analyze gross motricity, participants were asked to perform the gait task for two minutes and the 30-second chair sit-and-stand test; and to analyze fine motor control, they were asked to perform six trials of FTT test with both hands. To collect the data, an inertial sensor (IMU) was used. FM patients showed a more irregular pattern of linear acceleration peaks than controls in both tasks. Lyapunov values in FM patients show greater instability and variability in the anteroposterior and vertical movements for gait analysis and present significantly higher variability in the anteroposterior movements when performing the sit and stand task and the finger tapping test.
Keywords: Fibromyalgia; Gross Motor Control; Gait; Sit and Stand; Variability; Lyapunov; IMU
Optimizing Physical Conditioning Programs for Badminton Athletes: A Comprehensive Review of Training Strategies - A Systematic Review
Authors: Ihsan Fadli , Nasrulloh Ahmad , Nugroho Sigit , Kozina Zhanneta
Published: March 2024

Study Background and Objectives: The performance of international badminton athletes is shaped by a blend of physical, psychological, technical, and tactical factors. This study seeks to systematically analyze these essential elements, driven by the imperative to comprehend critical factors for crafting optimized training programs to achieve peak performance efficiently and effectively.Materials and Methods: This study used a systematic approach to review various literature sources, journal articles, and empirical studies related to the achievements of badminton athletes at the international level. Strict inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to ensure that only high-quality studies were included in the analysis. The data collected was then comprehensively analyzed to identify critical factors that consistently influence badminton athlete performance. Results: This systematic analysis reveals that the main factors influencing badminton athletes' achievements at the international level involve a combination of physical, psychological, technical, and tactical aspects. Physical strength, mental resilience, technical expertise, and a deep tactical understanding proved essential in achieving success in the sport. A deep understanding of match dynamics, emotional management, and adaptation to the opponent's tactics were also found to be keys to success. Conclusion: The results of this analysis provide a holistic view of the factors that significantly influence the performance of badminton athletes at the international level. The practical implications include the development of more focused and adaptive training programs, as well as more intensive psychological approaches. These conclusions provide an essential contribution for coaches, researchers, and decision-makers in badminton to improve athletes' potential and results at the international level.
Keywords: Physical Conditioning, Badminton Athletes, Training Program, Conditioning Strategy, Systematic Review.
THE EFFECT OF USING SONGS TO INCREASE YOUNG LEARNERS’ VOCABULARY ACHIEVEMENT THROUGH WHATSAPP
Authors: Oktaviani Hanita
Published: March 2024

Teaching young learners can be a challenge due to their cognitive development. Thus, teachers need to be creative in using approach and methodology in teaching young learners. Songs are regarded as one of effective medias to teach young learners. They offer various advantages in the teaching process especially for children. One of the advantages of using songs is that it can increase the students’ interest; hence, stimulate their motivation to learn. This study aims to verify these claims and confirm the effectiveness of using songs to increase young learners’ vocabulary achievement. In order to achieve this goal, quantitative with quasi experimental is used as the design for the research. This design includes pre-test, treatment and post-test. The participant of this research is forty students from Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Swasta (MIS) Litahfidzhil Qur’an Darussalam which divided into two classes. One class is the experimental class, the other is the control class. The data were analyzed using a t-test. The findings indicate that songs offer positive effect on young learners’ vocabulary achievement. Therefore, based on the finding of this study, it is suggested for teachers who teach young learners to occasionally use songs to teach English due to its effectiveness in increasing learners’ vocabulary achievement.
STUDENTS’ PERSPECTIVES ON THE IMPACT OF USING VIDEO CONFERENCES IN ONLINE LEARNING PROCESS
Authors: Kusumawardani Liya , Hawa Faiza , Nur’aini Siti
Published: March 2024

This research aims to describe the learning process while using video conferences and to find out the impact of using video conferences in online learning. This research involved the 7th-semester students of the English Department of the University of PGRI Semarang. The method used is qualitative descriptive by providing an open questionnaire and in-depth interviews to collect the data. The results of this study indicated that according to the students, the use of video conferences is very helpful for teaching and learning activities in online learning, and it is also more practical and safer to be used for learners during the pandemic. Then, the impact of using video conferences from the students’ perception can be identified from the positive and negative impacts. The positive impacts of using video conferences can be seen from point of view of time effectiveness, student communication, students’ participation during the teaching and learning activity, and student achievement. Meanwhile, the negative impacts of using video conferences can be seen in the lack of understanding of the materials and the high cost for students’ needs.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF LESSON PLAN FOR TUTORING CLASSES: ENGLISH COURSE
Authors: Vitara Natalia
Published: March 2024

A lesson plan is an important component that the teacher must prepare before carrying out learning activities. This study aims to develop lesson plans, especially tutoring for informal institutions. This research is an R&D research. The limitation of this research is that it is only carried out at the ADD stage (Analysis, Design, and Development). At the analysis stage, the teacher did not yet have a lesson plan, so the implementation of learning was not directed and only helped students in doing homework they got from school. At the design stage, the lesson plan components followed Brown’s (2001) theory which consisted of goals, objectives, materials and equipment, procedures, evaluations, extra-class work (if students needed them, to learn more at home). The development stage determined the appropriate method to be used in the learning process. At this stage, the lesson plans were validated by experts in the field of education to measure product quality.
ENHANCING WRITING SKILLS OF EFL LEARNERS THROUGH AUTOMATED FEEDBACK: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION
Authors: Pariyanto  , Tungka Novalita Fransisca
Published: March 2024

This study examines the effectiveness of an automated writing evaluation (AWE) tool in improving the writing skills of lower-proficiency EFL learners. The study involved 34 non-English major university students who received AWE feedback from the WhiteSmoke Writing Assistant during their writing practice sessions. The quality of their writing was evaluated using pre-and post-tests, and their perceptions of the feedback were gathered through a questionnaire. The results showed a significant improvement in the quality of students' writing after using AWE feedback. Additionally, the students perceived the AWE feedback as positively impacting the quality of their writing. These findings suggest that AWE feedback is a promising tool that can be incorporated into the writing class program to enhance the quality of students' writing. Writing teachers can use the tool to evaluate students' compositions and provide targeted feedback to help them improve their writing skills. Overall, the study highlights the potential of technology-based writing tools to facilitate language learning and improve EFL learners' writing proficiency.
LEARNING THROUGH DISCUSSION: A STUDY TO FOSTER STUDENTS' ENGAGEMENT IN EFL CLASS
Authors: Nur Aflah Mita , Nurhidayh Rafika , Kuncoro Hendro
Published: March 2024

This research aims to foster students' engagement through small groupdiscussions. The focus is on implementing group discussion strategies on classroom performance and students' achievement. A qualitative design was used along with the  observations and interviews, and enriched with a small group discussion teaching framework. The result showed that small group discussions positively contribute to students' involvement in the classroom, enhance critical thinking, and raise motivation. The activities provide opportunities to increase their upbeat view of learning English. Hopefully, the result can be a practical suggestion for lecturers or teachers to maximize the students' active participation in ELF classes.
Estoques de carbono em componentes de povoamentos de eucalipto no Cerrado de Minas Gerais
Authors:   , Cunha Darlan Nascentes
Published: March 2024

O controle das emissões e da imobilização de carbono (C) tem-se tornado cada vez mais importante, uma vez que as emissões de gases de efeito estufa (GEF) têm aumentado substancialmente. As florestas contribuem para mitigar as mudanças climáticas, devido à fixação daquele elemento. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi determinar os estoques de C, bem como a dinâmica desse elemento em alguns compartimentos de plantios comerciais de eucalipto em duas regiões do estado de Minas Gerais. Foram coletadas quatro unidades de amostras de raiz, serapilheira e fuste de um plantio comercial de eucalipto nas idades de 1 a 7 anos nos municípios de Curvelo e João Pinheiro, MG. As árvores foram tomadas aleatoriamente, abatidas com motosserra: suas raízes foram extraídas com uma retroescavadeira. À serapilheira foi amostrada em 1/4 da área sob influência das árvores e o resultado obtido foi multiplicado por quatro. Quantificaram-se as massas fresca e seca de cada componente. O C orgânico do material vegetal foi calculado pelo método de Tedesco et al. (1995). O C da copa (folhas e galhos) foi estimado com o modelo 3-PG. As amostras de solo foram coletadas até 50 cm e o C orgânico foi determinado pelo método de Walkley-Black (1934). O acúmulo de C foi modelado empregando o modelo logístico. Em ambas as regiões. o componente arbóreo que mais estocou C foi o fuste. Os estoques totais de C encontrados ao final da rotação (7 anos) foram 234,9 t/ha e 136.3 t/ha para os solos de textura muito argilosa e franco-arenosa, respectivamente. Esta superioridade do solo muito argiloso se deu para todos os componentes da árvore. Houve um acúmulo de C inicial mais rápido no solo muito argiloso para fuste e copa e similar nos dois solos, para raiz. Portanto, o solo de textura muito argilosa estocou mais carbono do que o de textura franco-arenosa e o acúmulo de e para os componentes arbóreos deste solo estabilizou-se antes que o daquele.
Система социального страхования в Новом Узбекистане
Authors: Жакбаров Сардор
Published: March 2024

Статья посвящена анализу эволюции и текущего состояния системы социального страхования в Узбекистане. В ней освещаются комплексные реформы в экономических секторах, направленные на создание более инклюзивного, устойчивого и жизнеспособного общества. Автор подробно рассматривает важную роль социального страхования в обеспечении благосостояния и финансовой стабильности населения, подчеркивая, что социальная политика, основанная на принципах социального государства, была разработана с момента обретения Узбекистаном независимости, хотя ее официальное внедрение в Конституцию состоялось только в 2023 году. Также в статье делается акцент на различии между социальным страхованием и социальной помощью, подчеркивая необходимость ясного определения этих концепций и различных механизмов их финансирования.
Inserção da energia renovável como alternativa sustentável e aumento da confiabilidade no fornecimento de energia para subestações de transmissão
Authors: Mello Eder Luiz de , Costa Quezia de Moraes da , Fortes Márcio Zamboti
Published: March 2024

RESUMO ESTRUTURADO
Os sistemas fotovoltaicos têm apresentado altas taxas de crescimento em todo o mundo, abrindo caminho para a geração de energia segura, limpa, confiável e renovável. Os serviços auxiliares em corrente alternada devem ter duas fontes de alimentação, sendo uma fonte externa e outra da própria subestação e um grupo motor gerador para emergências. Os serviços auxiliares de corrente contínua são alimentados pelo retificador e pelo banco de baterias. A proposta deste artigo é apresentar a terceira fonte de alimentação para os serviços auxiliares de corrente contínua renovável, sistema fotovoltaico, tornando o sistema mais seguro e sustentável sem emissão de poluentes e com a utilização de uma fonte inesgotável de energia, energia.
Palavras-chave: Sistema Fotovoltaico; Serviço ancilar; Subestação; Retificador e Baterias
Diplomatic activities of M.M. Litvinov in the USA during the Great Patriotic War (1941–1943)
Authors: Vershinin A. A. , Tupikin P. A.
Published: March 2024

The Great Patriotic War is one of the highlights in the history of Soviet-American cooperation. The USSR and the United States managed to overcome the inertia of mutual mistrust that persisted throughout most of the interwarperiod, taking together the lead in the fight against the Axis powers. However, rapprochement between the two future superpowers was neither plain nor swift; rather was it constantly hampered by mutual suspicion, aggravated by differences in their political cultures. Under these conditions, the fate of their alliance depended on the willingness of the ‘Big Three’ leaders to respect each other’s interest and concerns, as well as on the personal initiative and determination of individual politicians and diplomats. In this regard, the figure of M.M. Litvinov, appointed ambassador of the USSR to the United States at the most alarming and dangerous moment of the Great Patriotic War, deserves particular attention. Having played a major role in the Soviet-American cooperation in 1941–1943, M.M. Litvinov has been then forgotten for many years in both Soviet and Russian historiography. On the basis of new archive materials, the authors reexamine the activities of M.M. Litvinov as an ambassador to the United States and the specifics of his relationship with J.V. Stalin and V.M. Molotov during the period under review. The first section covers the initial steps of M.M. Litvinov in his new position. Special attention is paid to his efforts aimed at clarifying the Soviet position on the most sensitive issues of bilateral relations and establishing contacts with various groups of the American political, economic and intellectual elites. The second section analyzes M.M. Litvinov’s activities in the context of increasing contradictions between the Allies with regard to the opening of the second front and disruption of supplies under lend-lease. The authors show that M.M. Litvinov used all the diplomatic tools available to defend the interests of the USSR, instantly reacting to any changes in the moods of the U.S. military and political establishment and immediately reporting them to Moscow. In this context, the authors question the widespread claims in historiography about the ambassador’s excessive independence and willfulness. On the contrary, M.M. Litvinov can be said to have consistently adhered to the official foreign policy line of the Soviet leadership in both his speeches and practical steps. This indicates the need for further study of the M.M. Litvinov’s figure in order to avoid oversimplified, cliched assessments of this personality.
Neoclassical realism in international relations theory: Searching for its own path
Authors: Levchenko A. V.
Published: March 2024

Neoclassical realism emerged as part of the neorealists’ response to the criticism of their core theoretical provisions, intended to adapt the latter to the challenges of post-bipolar international relations. However, with further elucidation and formalization of the key ideas and premises of neoclassical realism it started to assert itself as an independent research approach, and even more so, as a special, metasynthetic theory. In order to assess the validity of these claims and, in general, to better understand the place of neoclassical realism in the theory of international relations, this paper considers it within the context of the evolutionary logic of the realist paradigm and neorealism, in particular. The first section identifies the origins and main theoretical provisions of neoclassical realism. The second section covers modern theoretical debates on the essence of and prospects for further development of analytical and methodological aspects of this approach. In order to provide a better understanding of the epistemological potential of the neoclassical realism, the third section examines empirical researches carried out within its framework. The author concludes that at the moment neoclassical realism can hardly qualify for the status of an independent theoretical position, let alone a meta-theory. It is more appropriate to consider it as a peculiar form, specific research model within the framework of the (neo)realist paradigm. As such, it allows putting forward verifiable hypotheses based on the analysis of the relationships between the independent, dependent and interfering variables, and also opens up new opportunities for conducting empirical research on a wide range of subject matters. At the same time, there is still a lot of work to be done to overcome the eclecticism inherent to neoclassical realism and to better define its ontological, epistemological and methodological foundations.
Exploring the Inhibitory Potential of Acetoxime-Zinc Chloride Adduct in Saline Environments for Mild Steel Corrosion Protection
Authors: Kumari Ola Saraswati , Chopra Ishita , Gopalakrishnan S. , Dhayal Veena
Published: March 2024

In this work, acetoxime, zinc chloride, and acetoxime adduct of zinc chloride, [ZnCl2·2{HON=C(CH3)2}] (ZA) were investigated as corrosion inhibitors in 3.5% NaCl solution on mild steel. The electrochemical analysis was performed using polarization measurements and electrochemical impedance technique and surface analysis was done by scanning electron microscope (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. Using surface analysis and electrochemical data it was concluded that an inhibition synergy was developed when ZA was taken instead of acetoxime or zinc chloride alone in the solution phase. SEM methods were used to examine the sample’s surface in the presence of inhibited solutions. The efficiency of inhibition increased with the increasing concentration and attained the values of 97.18% for the 3 mM concentration of ZA.
Neorealist Film Culture 1945-1954
Authors: Pitassio Francesco
Published: March 2024

Unique, truthful, brutal... Neorealism is often associated with adjectives stressing its peculiarities in representing the real, its lack of antecedents, and its legacy in terms of film style. While this is useful when confronting auteurs such as De Sica, Rossellini or Visconti, it becomes problematic when examining a widespread cultural practice that realistic modes deeply affected. This cultural production included filmmaking, literature, visual culture and photography, as well as media discourses. It was internally contradictory but fruitful inasmuch as its legacy influenced national culture for many decades to come. The volume spotlights post-war Italian film culture by locating a series of crossroads, i.e. topics barely examined when discussing neorealism: nation, memory and trauma, visual culture, stardom, and performance. The aim is to deconstruct neorealism as a monument and to open up its cultural history.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kecenderungan Gejala Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA) Pada Pekerja Kilang Padi Di Kecamatan Sukamakmur Kabupaten Aceh Besar Tahun 2022
Authors: Rullah Iza , Arlianti Nopa , Arbi Anwar
Published: March 2024

Berdasarkan Profil UPTD Puskesmas Sukamakmur prevalensi kasus ISPA tahun 2018 sebesar 1.235 kasus, pada tahun 2019 sebesar 811 kasus dan tahun 2020 sebesar 375 kasus Penyakit akibat kerja diatas dapat dicegah dengan minimal dengan mengguanakan alat pelindung diri misalnya masker untuk mencegah masuknya debu kedalam saluran pernafasan, sehingga penyakit akibat kerja yakni misalnya ISPA dapat terkurangi jumlahnya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat hubungan penggunaan APD penutup muka dengan kecenderungan gejala Infeksi saluran Pernapasan (ISPA) pada pekerja kilang padi di Kecamatan Sukamakmur Tahun 2022. Metode penelitian deskriptik analitik dengan desain penelitian Case Sectional Populasi penelitian ini adalah para pekrja kilang padi di Kecamatan Sukamakmur Kabupaten Aceh Besar tahun 2022. Sampel terdiri berjumlah 75 responden. Pengumpulan data dilakukan 8 - 14 Februari. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji Chi-Square dengan derajat kemaknaan 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pekerja kilang padi dengan masa kerja yang lama sebesar 68.4%, yang menggunakan APD sebesar 56.1%,memiliki kebiasaan merokok 60.0%, dan paparan debu yang tinggi sebesar 49.0%. Hasil uji chi-square diperoleh bahwa ada hubungan massa kerja (p=0,041), penggunaan APD ((p=0,024), kebiasaan merokok (p=0,018), lama paparan debu (p=0,029), dan umur (p=0,011) dengan Kecenderungan ISPA pada pekerja Kilang padi.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Perilaku Ibu Rumah Tangga Dalam Pengelolaan Sampah Rumah Tangga Di Gampong Anoi Itam Kecamatan Sukajaya Sabang Tahun 2022
Authors: Zulkifli AK, Ramadhaniah Salsabilla Suci,
Published: March 2024

Community behavior in managing waste is one of the environmental health behaviors. The emergence of the waste problem cannot be separated from the behavior of the community as waste producers and managers, therefore community behavior is the most important variable in waste management and its success must be supported by a high level of public awareness. This research is descriptive analytical with cross sectional design. The population in this study were housewives in Anoi Itam Village, Sukajaya Sabang District, totaling 71 respondents. Sampling was done by proportional random sampling technique. Data analysis used univariate and bivariate analysis, with chi square statistical test. Data collection was carried out on 27 February to 1 March 2022. The results showed that mothers with poor waste management behavior (50,7%), housewives aged 28-39 years (49,3%), housewives with low education (45,1%), mothers with low income low family (74.6%), mothers with good knowledge (83.1%), mothers with positive attitudes (83.1%), no infrastructure (59.7%). Bivariate analysis showed that there was a relationship between knowledge and waste management behavior (p = 0.000), meaning that the better the mother's knowledge, the better the behavior towards waste management, and there was no relationship between age, education, family income, knowledge, attitudes, and infrastructure.
Uji Antibakteri Formulasi Sediaan Hand Soap Ekstrak Etanol Daun Jeruk Purut (Citus Hystrix DC) Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus Aureus
Authors: M. Pandapotan Nasution Sagita Crispy Br S. Milala,
Published: March 2024

Daun jeruk purut merupakan salah satu tanaman yang biasa digunakan sebagai penyedap makanan. Daun jeruk purut mengandung minyak atsiri dan beberapa senyawa metabolit sekunder seperti flavonoid,tanin, saponin, alkaloid, steroid, dan glikosida sebagai antibakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui daun jeruk purut mempunyai aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus  yang dapat menyebabkan masalah kesehatan yaitu infeksi. Pembuatan ekstrak etanol daun jeruk purut secara maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96%. Skrining fitokimia dilakukan terhadap daun jeruk purut segar, simplisia dan ekstrak etanol nya. Uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol daun jeruk purut terhadap Staphylococcus aureus secara difusi agar. Sediaan hand soap diformulasikan mengandung ekstrak etanol daun jeruk purut 2,5%, 5% dan 7,5%. Dilakukan evaluasi uji organoleptis, pH, stabilitas, uji tinggi busa,uji viskositas, uji bobot jenis, dan uji aktivitas antibakteri. Hasil uji organoleptis hand soap khas perpaduan daun jeruk purut  dan oleum rosae, berwarna hijau kehitaman, berbentuk cairan kental. Uji pH hasilnya berkisar 9,1-10,03. Hasil uji stabilitas dari semua formula stabil. Uji tinggi busa hasilnya berkisar 50-90 mm. Uji viskositas hasilnya berkisar 1210-1290 cpoise. Uji bobot jenis hasilnya berkisar 1,00-1,08 dan uji iritasi terhadap sukarelawan hasilnya negatif tidak memberikan efek samping iritasi.
Scheitert die PPWR, scheitern wir
Authors: Röhl Thomas
Published: March 2024

Die europäische Verpackungsverordnung (PPWR) droht auf den letzten Metern zu scheitern. Offenbar lehnt die FDP das Gesetzesvorgaben ab. Für Verpackungshersteller wäre das ein Worst-Case-Szenario.
Die Position in der Kreislaufwirtschaft stärken
Authors: Röhl Thomas
Published: March 2024

Die Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen lädt im Rahmen des Moduls „Nachhaltigkeit in den Wirtschaftswissenschaften“ verschiedene Vertreter der Wirtschaft zu Vorträgen ein. So auch Pro Carton, vertreten durch Winfried Mühling, Marketing- und Communications Director.