bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
War and Veterans in Louise Erdrich's Novels
Authors:   British And American Language And Literature Association Of Korea, Kim Hyung-hee
Published: January 2024

From the beginning of the Native American Renaissance, the subject matter of war tends to be significant to portray sufferings of emotional maladjustment among the Native American veterans who encountered the outside world through the war. Louise Erdrich is not an exception in dealing with the topics of war and veterans in her novels. Unlike some other writers, however, Erdrich does not give a hopeful ending to those veterans. The veterans are portrayed as victims and they cannot escape from the painful memories of war. The Native American veterans in particular, such as Cyprian, Billy Peace, Russell, and Henry Lamartine Jr., all have conspicuously fatal consequences arising from their participation in war, in one way or another, physically or emotionally. Each veteran has the fate of becoming an outcast or suffering a tragic death. Especially, the muted Henry Jr.’s drowning by committing suicide after his return from the Vietnam War manifests Erdrich’s powerful message about the brutal nature of war which also reminds the reader of the tragic history of Native Americans on the North American continent.
Scientific Discoveries and Technological Innovation are Nobody's Intellectual Property
Authors: Smith George P.
Published: January 2024

Scientific discoveries and technological advances emerge from global communities of inves- tigators sharing their ideas and material resources with one another. Individual investigators or groups make important contributions, to be sure, but these advances are incremental; only when
ideas and resources are shared with the community at large, so they can modify and combine with other ideas and resources, does the community become fully creative and innovative. While the "intellectual property" that an individual can legitimately lay claim to is thus very modest, it is
the source of a supremely valuable cultural reward: the esteem of the creative communities to which the investigator belongs. When governments attempt to foster innovation by the promise of government-enforced patent monopolies, rather than by direct public spending, scientific communities
are disrupted, creativity is impaired, the price of goods and services is greatly elevated, wealth inequality increases, and perverse incentives can distort the marketplace. These shortcomings are especially troubling in the case of pharmaceuticals and other essential sectors, where the products
are a public good — not just commodities like TVs or new running shoes — and where effective innovation is a matter of basic economic and social justice — not just commercial prosperity.
The Next Generation of Innovation
Authors: Ozkan Cengiz S. , Panetta Karen , Wisniewski Helena S.
Published: January 2024

Developing the next generation of innovators will require universities to move away from traditional, rigid structures to enable more synergistic collaborations while redefining/reinventing the delivery and content of curriculum programs. This will include improved partnerships between
industry and institutional technology transfer offices, the latter being the main artery that currently connects industry and universities. While innovation and education go hand in hand, today's generation of future leaders is deeply committed to social impact and embarking on new ventures
that capture those values. This article will present a forward-looking perspective on some of the best practices to help future entrepreneurial leaders innovate while informing educational practices to best prepare students to navigate and mitigate the risks and barriers that have long prevented
the participation of diverse and inclusive individuals.
The Predictability of Capital Structure Theories in the Current Global Economy: An Analysis of the Debt Maturity Structure of Hotel Operations in The World s Top 20 Tourism Destinations
Authors: DALAK Selda , KARADENİZ Erdinç
Published: January 2024

Variables that affect capital structure decisions and their effect on firm value vary over time. They change by country, industry, time, firm tipe, etc. thats why the subject still being consider. In this context, we investigated the macroeconomic variables that affect the term structure of debt and capital structure decisions in lodging companies by employing the Generalized Moments Method over the period 2004-2017. It has been determined that the macroeconomic factors that affect the debt maturity and the capital structure of the lodging companies vary in the context of the development level. In addition, it can be said that capital structure decisions of accommodation enterprises in developed and developing countries act in line with the assumptions of Trade-off and Pecking Order theories on a variable basis.
Müşteri İlişkileri Yönetiminde AHS ve VİKOR Yöntemleri İle Promosyon Müşterisi Belirlemeye Yönelik Model Önerisi: Butik Otel Örneği (Model Proposal for Identıfyıng Promotion Customers with AHP and VIKOR Methods in Customer Relationship Management: Boutique Hotel Case)
Authors: TANDOĞAN V. Uğur , COŞKUN Erhan
Published: January 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, konaklama işletmesindeki müşteri ilişkileri yönetiminin (MİY) işletmenin memnun olduğu ve promosyon uygulamayı tercih ettiği müşterilerin (promosyon müşterisi) sıralamasını nasıl yapacağını ortaya koymaktır. Promosyon müşterilerinin belirlenebilmesi adına derinlemesine bilgiye ihtiyaç duyulduğundan nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden vaka incelemesi yapılması uygun görülmüştür. Çalışmanın alanını İzmir Çeşme’deki bir butik otel işletmesinde 2022 yılında konaklayan müşteriler oluşturmaktadır. Butik bir otelin seçilmesinin nedeni büyük otellerde müşteri sirkülasyonunun hızlı olması ve müşterinin takip edilememesidir. Bunun sonucunda da belirlenen müşteri değerlendirme kriterlerinde veri kaybı yaşanmasına neden olmaktadır. Buna göre 2022 yılında butik otel işletmesinde konaklayan konuklardan müşteri değerlendirme kriterlerine uygun olanlar seçilmiştir. Veriler, işletme yöneticileri ile yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yoluyla toplanmıştır. Görüşmeler yüz yüze gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, işletme memnuniyeti sağlayan promosyon müşterilerinin sıralamasını belirlemede çoklu karar verme yöntemlerinden AHS ve Vikor yöntemleri birlikte kullanılmıştır. Müşteri sıralaması başarılı bir şekilde gerçekleştirilmiş ve MİY’in müşteriler konusunda izleyeceği stratejiler için gerekli bilgiler elde edilmiştir.
MESEM e Kayıtlı Turizm Öğrencilerinin İş Yükü ile Tükenmişlik Düzeyi Arasındaki İlişkide İş-Serbest Zaman ve İş-Okul Çatışmasının Aracılık Rolü ve Sektöre Yönelik Tutum (The Mediating Role of Work-Leisure Time and Work-School Conflict in the Relationship Between Workload and Burnout Level of Tourism Students Registered in MESEM and Attitude Towards the Sector)
Authors: DURĞUN Sait , TAYFUN Ahmet , SİLİK Cemal Ersin
Published: January 2024

Bu çalışma, turizm sektöründe çalışan Mesleki Eğitim Merkezi (MESEM) öğrencilerinin iş yükünü, yaşadıkları iş-okul ve iş-serbest zaman çatışmalarını, tükenmişliğin yaygınlığını ve turizm sektöründe kalma niyetlerini araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmanın evreni, Türkiye’nin başlıca turistik destinasyonlarından birisi olan Antalya ilindeki turizm sektöründe çalışan MESEM’e kayıtlı öğrencilerden oluşmaktadır. Araştırma verileri için anket tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya gönüllü olarak katılan toplam 317 öğrenci örneklem grubunu oluşturmuştur. Verilerin analizinde öncelikle katılımcıların sosyo-demografik özelliklerini belirlemek amacıyla betimsel analiz yapılmıştır. Daha sonra ölçüm modelini ve hipotezleri test etmek için SmartPLS 4. paket programı kullanılarak kısmi en küçük kareler SEM (PLS-SEM) analizleri yapılmıştır. Bulgular, MESEM öğrencilerinin turizm sektörüne aktif olarak katılırken yaşadıkları ciddi iş yükünü açıkça ortaya koymaktadır. Bu iş yükü, iş dışı zamanlarının bozulmasına önemli ölçüde neden olmakta ve iş-okul-serbest zaman çatışmalarını yoğunlaştırmaktadır. Ayrıca analiz sonuçları, hem iş-serbest zaman çatışmasının hem de iş-okul çatışmasının iş yükü ile tükenmişlik arasındaki ilişkide aracı rolü olduğunu doğrulamıştır. Buna göre, MESEM öğrencilerinin haftada dört gün çalıştıkları turizm işletmelerinin iş talepleri öğrenciler üzerinde ciddi bir baskı oluşturmakta, iş, eğlence ve eğitim arasındaki dengeyi bozmakta ve sonuçta tükenmişliğe yol açmaktadır.
Kapadokya Bölgesindeki Şeflerin Füzyon Mutfak Bilgi Düzeyleri ve Kullanım Sıklıkları Üzerine Bir Araştırma (A Study on Knowledge Level and Usage Frequency of Fusion Cuisine by Chefs in Cappadocia Region)
Authors: EVLİYAOĞLU Gülseli , KESKİN Emrah
Published: January 2024

Füzyon mutfak, farklı kültürlerin mutfak geleneklerini birleştirerek yeni ve benzersiz lezzetler yaratmayı amaçlayan bir yaklaşımdır. Göç, küreselleşme ve kültürel etkileşim gibi faktörler, füzyon mutfağın kökenlerini oluşturur. Bu yaklaşım, geleneksel tarifleri ve pişirme tekniklerini bir araya getirerek mutfağa yenilik kazandırır. Füzyon mutfağın popülerliği, insanların yeni ve farklı lezzetler keşfetme isteğiyle artmıştır. Restoranlar, şeflerin yaratıcılığını kullanarak farklı kültürlerden esinlenen menüler sunar. Füzyon mutfağın gelişimi, gastronomi biliminin ilerlemesiyle birlikte yiyecek ve içecek üretiminin çeşitlenmesini ve ticari değerini artırmıştır. Bu çalışmada, Kapadokya bölgesinde çalışan şeflerin füzyon mutfak bilgi düzeylerinin ve bu uygulamayı mutfaklarında kullanma sıklıklarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan görüşme tekniği kullanılarak Kapadokya bölgesinde çalışan 18 mutfak şefi ile görüşülmüştür. Turistik açıdan önemli bir bölge olması ve bölgede çok sayıda restoran ve otel bulunması sebebiyle araştırma bölgesi olarak Kapadokya bölgesi seçilmiştir. Aynı zamanda bu bölgede mutfak şefi sayısı oldukça fazla olduğundan, araştırmaya önemli katkıları olabileceği düşünülmüştür. Çalışma sonucunda Kapadokya bölgesindeki şeflerin füzyon mutfak kavramına hakim oldukları fakat füzyon mutfak ürünlerine menülerinde yeterince yer vermedikleri belirlenmiştir.
A Socio-Cultural Research on The People of Yağlıdere Living in The Usa within The Scope of Diaspora Tourism
Authors: AYAZ Esra Nur , KANCA Bayram
Published: January 2024

While many tourists become attached to a destination after repeated visits, immigrant tourists feel connected to the people, culture, and heritage of the destination prior to their visit. In this context, this study examines the visits of immigrants from Yaglidere who visit their ancestral lands as tourists in a sociological dimension from the United States of America. Exploratory research approach and phenomenology model were adopted as the research method in the study. In this study, in which qualitative research design was used, in-depth semi-structured interview technique was used as data collection technique. The research data was determined with maximum diversity using purposive sampling. The data obtained were coded, categorized and interpreted by content analysis used in qualitative data analysis. In the study, it was concluded that the main motivation for the participants to visit Turkey was to fulfill family and homesickness. It was determined that the participants visited Turkey because of its historical background, cultural diversity, food and natural beauties. Based on the results obtained in the study, it is thought that the tourism sector can develop marketing strategies for the development of diaspora tourism by considering the demands of the participants, thus providing more added value to the national economy and increasing the satisfaction rate of diaspora tourists.
Introducing International Business Management Concept to High School Students
Authors: Aji Irawan Damar , Oey Elia , Hansopaheluwakan Scherly
Published: January 2024

This community service aims to introduce the international business management concept to high school students. The program lasted around a month and was divided into 13 sessions in the form of online training. Two steps were taken to conduct the community service. The first step was to develop the training content and the second step was to deliver the online training program. 553 high school students in 2021 and 188 high school students in 2022 were selected to attend the program. However, in 2021 only 59 and in 2022 only 4 high school students participated in all sessions. The decreasing rate of attendance is alarming even though after finishing the online training sessions, the participants gained new knowledge related to the international business management concept. Hence, this paper aims to evaluate the community service program.
TRAINING ON MAKING SHORT VIDEOS TO SUPPORT THE PROVISION OF EDUCATION TO TECHNOLOGY-BASED COMMUNITIES
Authors: Saputro Immanuela Puspasari , Sanger Junaidy Budi , Adrian Angelia Melani
Published: January 2024

DAGUSIBU is one of the programs of the Indonesian Pharmacists Association that aims to provide education on how to get, use, store, and dispose of medicines correctly. Before the pandemic, socialization of this program is conducted by gathering the public in a place and health workers providing education directly. However, the Covid-19 pandemic has changed many settings, including how DAGUSIBU education is provided. Instagram is one of the social media that is widely used by Indonesians. It has a feature called reels that allows the owner to upload short videos, and they will not disappear except the owner delete them. But not everyone knows how to make educational reels/stories that are interesting and aesthetic. For this reason, our team intends to provide training on making Instagram reels or stories by utilizing the Canva Application. Based on the results from the pretest and posttest questionnaires given to the participants, it can conclude that the training activities for making Instagram reels using the Canva Application can be well understood and followed by the participants.
Masonika i antymasonika w prywatnym księgozbiorze Witolda Kazimierza Czartoryskiego
Authors: Seroka Katarzyna
Published: January 2024

Prince Witold Kazimierz Czartoryski was born on March 10, 1876 in Paris. He was the son of Władysław Czartoryski (1828–1894) and his second wife, the French princess Margaret of Orleans (1846–1893). In France, Witold Kazimierz gathered a collection of over 25,000 books of exceptional intellectual value and various topics. His book collection had a universal, humanistic character. Although Prince Czartoryski was a deeply religious person (in his collection, books on religious studies held a special place), he also collected an interesting group of 836 publications on topics related to freemasonry, occultism and broadly understood metaphysics. The article presents and discusses a group of masonic and anti-masonic publications from the collection of Witold Kazimierz Czartoryski’s library, currently located in the Library of the University of Lviv.
Pobyt Mikołaja Kopernika w Rzymie w 1500 roku
Authors: Żak Łukasz
Published: January 2024

Celem artykułu jest omówienie powodów, dla jakich Mikołaj Kopernik odbywający studia prawnicze w Bolonii udał się do Rzymu w 1500 roku wraz ze swoim bratem Andrzejem. W pierwszej części zostały przedstawione i poddane krytyce źródła mówiące bezpośrednio o pobycie braci Koperników w Wiecznym Mieście; w drugiej zaś autor omawia różne motywacje, które mogły skłonić toruńskich scholarów do podróży nad Tyber (chęć zobaczenia zabytków i zapoznania się z intelektualną atmosferą miasta; pragnienie zarobienia pieniędzy i zdobycia doświadczenia w zawodzie prawniczym; chęć uzyskania odpustu jubileuszowego i odwiedzenia miejsc świętych).
Waste management regulatory framework in the circular economy context
Authors:   Institute of Research for Agriculture Economy and Rural Development, Rodino Ruxandra Eugenia , Rodino Steliana ,   2National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences
Published: January 2024

One of the main challenges regarding the transition to a circular economy at the European level is waste management and achieving specific objectives. By 2025, the recycling and reuse rate of municipal waste should reach 55% and the total volume of recycled packaging 65%, according to European Directives (Waste Directive 05/07/2018). Statistical data and EEA reports are not encouraging: most European countries will not be able to reach these targets until 2025. The current work aims to analyze European legislation regarding waste management but also the national transposition measures communicated by the Member States. The reference statistical data regarding the efficiency of waste management, are also analyzed, at the member states level and at national level, to determine to what extent Romania has reached the targets set by the European Commission regarding waste management, depending on the specific time horizon set by the reference legislative policies.
Determination of odour emission rates emitted by active area sources and dispersion of odour concentration in the surrounding air
Authors:   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Constantin Cristian , Popa Georgeta Olguta ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Calinescu Simona Mariana ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Tanase Gheorgita ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology
Published: January 2024

In this study, the area of a biofilter representing an active area source was sampled by taking 12 odour samples from the gaseous effluent and measuring the physical parameters of the source, so that we can obtain the odour emission rate (OER) specific to the source. The odour sampling process is a crucial step in the assessment and monitoring of odour pollution. Direct measurement of odour concentration in the ambient air is often not sufficient to determine whether an activity is responsible for producing olfactory discomfort to the receptors. To observe the contribution of the source to olfactory pollution and air quality by estimating the odour concentration in the ambient air, the odour emission rate (OER) was taken into account, which is expressed in odour units per second (ouE/s) and is obtained as the product of the odour concentration and the airflow rate associated with the source. The odour emission rate was entered into the dispersion program AERMOD for mathematical modeling. In order to estimate the odour concentration in the surrounding air in the adjacent areas to the sampled biofilter, 2 mathematical models were made to illustrate the odour concentration on the site and in its vicinity in the most unfavorable weather conditions „Highest values” and „98th Percentile” to illustrate the concentration in the surrounding air excluding the 2% unfavorable weather condition.
Knowledge of hepatitis B virus infection and attitudes towards hepatitis b virus vaccination among students of the faculty of medicine and health sciences at the National University of Timor-Lorosae
Authors: Silva Hendri Keta da , Ximenes Jose Dionisio , Alves Maria Manuela , Pereira Natalia , Part Eugenia Carvalho M. , Salsinha Etelvina , Deus Elisa de , Monteiro Ermelinda
Published: January 2024

Timor-Leste is a high HBV endemicity area with a prevalence of 12.4%. So far there have been no reports of hepatitis B incidence in Timor-Leste in the latest data collection at hospitals in Timor-Leste. HBV infection is most commonly found at the age of 20 to 35 years with different incidence in men and women. For this reason, it is considered necessary to conduct research on the knowledge and attitudes of students at the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences of the National University of Timor-Lorosae (UNTL) and the differences between male and female students. This study used a cross-sectional design with quantitative methods. The research sample was 169 students of the seventh semester of the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences of the University of Nacional Timor-Lorosae who were selected using the simple random sampling technique. The research measurement tool is a questionnaire divided into three parts, namely questionnaires about demographic characteristics, knowledge about HBV infection, and attitudes towards HBV vaccination.
Schoolwork in meaningful student learning
Authors: Saldarriaga-Zambrano José Carlos , Reyes-Ávila Jesús Orley
Published: January 2024

Homework is part of a practice established in education with multiple purposes and benefits. Non-compliance with school tasks is identified as a problem of the study. The objective of the study is to analyze homework in the meaningful learning of students, its development covers the importance of homework, the role of parents in the control of homework and strategies to strengthen the meaningful learning of students. Starting from school tasks, which according to Varela is useful and helps significantly to achieve learning achievements in students, David Ausubel presents an approach that aims at teaching-learning with significant actions, where the student attributes a value to what learn. The methodology has a mixed approach, bibliographic-documentary, and field type, it was carried out in the Juan Montalvo Educational Unit No. 41, inductive, deductive, analytical and synthetic methods were used, the technique applied was the survey of parents and the interview with teachers.
“ACOMPANHO O RELATOR”
Authors: Lazari Igor de
Published: January 2024

Juízes, no seu processo decisório, se sujeitam a inúmeros incentivos advindos dos pares e de suas respectivas instituições. Tais incentivos podem acarretar uma repulsa ao dissenso, induzindo juízes a proferirem decisões autocentradas, pautadas numa série de “cascatas” ou de “heurísticas”. Estas decisões não necessariamente produzirão resultados ruins, mas apresentam riscos relevantes ao processo deliberativo e à legitimidade decisória.
A JUSTIÇA POLÍTICA DE OTTO KIRCHHEIMER
Authors: Cortez Bonifácio Artur , Medeiros de Miranda Gabriel
Published: January 2024

Este trabalho se propõe a delinear os contornos do conceito de justiça política em Otto Kirchheimer. Ele se insere no cenário de intensa problematização da relação entre direito e política, ao passo em que busca enfrentar a escassez na produção da literatura brasileira sobre o tema sob o prisma da justiça política. Para tanto, primeiramente se investigará o pensamento do autor e os fundamentos teóricos de sua produção. Em seguida, explorar-se-á o conceito de justiça política e suas subclassificações conforme apresentado por Otto Kirchheimer. Finalmente, confrontar-se-á o conceito de justiça política com o de lawfare - conceito mais amplamente difundido na literatura especializada e no debate público nacional e do qual se aproxima sem com ele se confundir - identificando as semelhanças e diferenças que com ele mantém. Ao fim deste trabalho, apresenta-se uma tipologia de justiça política e constata-se o desafio que ela impõe às democracias constitucionais contemporâneas na garantia da convivência dos dissensos políticos.
2023 ALISE Annual Conference - Proceedings Introduction
Authors: Aldrich Sara
Published: January 2024

2023 ALISE Annual Conference - Proceedings Introduction
Dynamics of the Water Table in the Rio Chiquito Sub-basin, Honduras
Authors: Peña-Paz Tania , Ortiz Maria Elisa , Rodriguez Manuel , Ortiz Pedro Enrique
Published: January 2024

This research, led by the IHCIT in collaboration with the ADAPTARC project of SERNA/UNDP, forms a crucial part of the author's doctoral and master's thesis. Focusing on the Rio Chiquito sub-basin in Tegucigalpa, the capital of Honduras, it aims to offer a preliminary insight into the dynamics of the isophreatic curves as a technical tool for decision-makers. Despite its relatively small size, this sub-basin features a dramatic elevation change, ranging from 950 - 2200 meters above sea level over a 21km river length and with 30% urbanization.

The study involved meticulous information management of over 100 wells, primarily used for human consumption, highlighting the community's dependence on groundwater. Given the intermittent and insufficient municipal water supply, this was especially critical, emphasizing groundwater's role in meeting basic needs and public health. The findings reveal underground water levels varying between 5 to 20 meters on average, with peaks up to 60 meters in the subbasin's lower western area. This underground flow aligns with the sub-basin geomorphology and surface dynamics, showing a gradient from 950 to 1200 meters in the middle-lower part, ascending to 2200 meters in the middle-upper region.

Keywords: water table, aquifer, groundwater, sub-basin,
Evaluation of the Efficacy of Trichoderma species and their Fungal Toxins in the Eradication of Alternaria alternata Causing Seeds Decay and Damping-off Disease on Cotton in Iraq
Authors: Jasim Mahdi Aymen , Naser Alhamiri Yasir
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to isolate and identify the pathogens accompanying the rotting and death of cotton seeds and seedlings. Also, some Trichoderma spp. were assessed against the fungal pathogen associated with the disease. The results showed that one of the essential isolated fungi, Alternaria alternata, has demonstrated high virulence in attacking cotton seeds and seedlings and reducing germination and growth. This fungus was identified based on its morphological and molecular characteristics. The Trichoderma species applied have shown high efficiency in reducing infection rates and increasing cotton germination percentage. Every isolate of Trichoderma showed a high efficiency against the fungus A. alternata by providing the highest antagonistic ability, reaching 93.75%. The highest percentage of inhibition growth of the pathogen (86.11%) was achieved by Trichoderma koningiopsis, while the lowest percentage of inhibition growth of the pathogen was 66.65 % for Trichoderma reesei. However, the biological formula prepared from species Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma pseudokoningii, Trichoderma koningiopsis and Trichoderma reesei displayed the highest percentage of inhibition of 100% against the fungus A. alternata.
Keywords. Alternaria alternata; Trichoderma spp.; Trichodermin; gliotoxin; Biological control.
Effect of mixing ratios and spraying with microelements on the growth and yield of forage for a mixture of oats and clover
Authors: Mohammed Israa. S. , Al-Freeh Lamiaa, M.S.
Published: January 2024

A field experiment was carried out in the fields of the Agricultural Research Station-College of Agriculture, University of Basra, during the winter season of 2021-2022. To study the effect of seeding rates of both oats and Egyptian clover with mixing percentages of 100% oats, 75% oats + 25% clover, 50% oats + 50% clover, 75% clover + 25% oats, 100% clover as the first factor and microelements at a concentration of 1500, 3000 and 4500 ppm as a second factor. The time for spraying with micro-elements was in the branching stage, 7-10 days after the first spray and 7-10 days after the second spray. The experiment was carried out in a factorial experiment with three replications, according to a randomized complete block design, RCBD. Three cuttings were taken during the crop’s growth period. The height of the oats and clover plants, the number of oat tillers, the number of clover branches, the weight ratio of leaves to tillers and stems, and the amount of green and dry forage were measured. The results of the study showed that the different ratios of mixing oats and clover crops contributed to the production of the studied traits; 50% of oats + 50% of clover in the second cutting recorded the highest yield of green fodder (66.84 tons ha-1) and dry fodder yield (22.37 tons ha-1). As for the effect of concentrations of microelements, the level of 4500 ppm achieved superiority in all growth characteristics of all cutting, and the highest yield was recorded in green fodder (65.57 tons ha-1) and dry forage (22.44 tons ha-1) at the second cutting. 50% oats + 50% clover at the level of 4500 ppm gave the highest yield for green fodder (69.66 tons ha-1) and dry (24.81 tons ha-1).

Keywords: Mixture; Spraying; micro-nutrients; green fodder; Avena sativa; Clover.
Development of New Stringency Indices for Nonpharmacological Social Distancing Policies Implemented in Korea During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Random Forest Approach
Authors: Apio Catherine , Han Kyulhee , Lee Doeun , Lee Bogyeom , Park Taesung
Published: January 2024

Background

In the absence of an effective treatment method or vaccine, the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic elicited a wide range of unprecedented restriction policies aimed at mitigating and suppressing the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. These policies and their Stringency Index (SI) of more than 160 countries were systematically recorded in the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker (OxCGRT) data set. The SI is a summary measure of the overall strictness of these policies. However, the OxCGRT SI may not fully reflect the stringency levels of the restriction policies implemented in Korea. Korea implemented 33 COVID-19 restriction policies targeting 4 areas: public facilities, public events, social gatherings, and religious gatherings.

Objective

This study aims to develop new Korea Stringency Indices (KSIs) that reflect the stringency levels of Korea’s restriction policies better and to determine which government-implemented policies were most effective in managing the COVID-19 pandemic in Korea.

Methods

The random forest method was used to calculate the new KSIs using feature importance values and determine their effectiveness in managing daily COVID-19 confirmed cases. Five analysis periods were considered, including November 01, 2020, to January 20, 2021 (Period 1), January 20, 2021, to June 27, 2021 (Period 2), November 01, 2020, to June 27, 2021 (Period 3), June 27, 2021, to November 01, 2021 (Period 4), and November 01, 2021, to April 24, 2022 (Period 5).

Results

Among the KSIs, public facilities in period 4, public events in period 2, religious gatherings in periods 1 and 3, and social gatherings in period 5 had the highest importance. Among the public facilities, policies associated with operation hour restrictions in cinemas, restaurants, PC rooms, indoor sports facilities, karaoke, coffee shops, night entertainment facilities, and baths or saunas had the highest importance across all analysis periods. Strong positive correlations were observed between daily confirmed cases and public facilities, religious gatherings, and public events in period 1 of the pandemic. From then, weaker and negative correlations were observed in the remaining analysis periods. The comparison with the OxCGRT SI showed that the SI had a relatively lower feature importance and correlation with daily confirmed cases than the proposed KSIs, making KSIs more effective than SI.

Conclusions

Restriction policies targeting public facilities were the most effective among the policies analyzed. In addition, different periods call for the enforcement of different policies given their effectiveness varies during the pandemic.
Knowledge Graph for Breast Cancer Prevention and Treatment: Literature-Based Data Analysis Study
Authors: Jin Shuyan , Liang Haobin , Zhang Wenxia , Li Huan
Published: January 2024

Background

The incidence of breast cancer has remained high and continues to rise since the 21st century. Consequently, there has been a significant increase in research efforts focused on breast cancer prevention and treatment. Despite the extensive body of literature available on this subject, systematic integration is lacking. To address this issue, knowledge graphs have emerged as a valuable tool. By harnessing their powerful knowledge integration capabilities, knowledge graphs offer a comprehensive and structured approach to understanding breast cancer prevention and treatment.

Objective

We aim to integrate literature data on breast cancer treatment and prevention, build a knowledge graph, and provide support for clinical decision-making.

Methods

We used Medical Subject Headings terms to search for clinical trial literature on breast cancer prevention and treatment published on PubMed between 2018 and 2022. We downloaded triplet data from the Semantic MEDLINE Database (SemMedDB) and matched them with the retrieved literature to obtain triplet data for the target articles. We visualized the triplet information using NetworkX for knowledge discovery.

Results

Within the scope of literature research in the past 5 years, malignant neoplasms appeared most frequently (587/1387, 42.3%). Pharmacotherapy (267/1387, 19.3%) was the primary treatment method, with trastuzumab (209/1805, 11.6%) being the most commonly used therapeutic drug. Through the analysis of the knowledge graph, we have discovered a complex network of relationships between treatment methods, therapeutic drugs, and preventive measures for different types of breast cancer.

Conclusions

This study constructed a knowledge graph for breast cancer prevention and treatment, which enabled the integration and knowledge discovery of relevant literature in the past 5 years. Researchers can gain insights into treatment methods, drugs, preventive knowledge regarding adverse reactions to treatment, and the associations between different knowledge domains from the graph.
Retrospective analysis of the prevalence of acute respiratory infections in children of the Ivano-Frankivsk region
Authors: Buiak P.Z.
Published: January 2024

Background. The article presents modern data about the prevalence and peculiarities of the course of acute respiratory viral infections in a childhood based on retrospective analysis of medical records. The purpose of this article was to analyze the epidemiology and features of acute respiratory viral infections in children based on the retrospective analysis of medical records, and reports of the Public Health Center. Materials and methods. Extracts from the medical charts of inpatients with acute respiratory pathology and statistical reports of the work of the ENT department of Ivano-Frankivsk Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital for 2017–2022, which included 1,177 patients, were carefully studied. Results. The clinical features of acute respiratory infections in children hospitalized to the ENT department were as follows: age over 3 years (89 %), frequent admissions to the hospital (> 4 times a year) at the age of 4–5 years, nasal congestion (87.0 %), headache (72.0 %), body temperature above 37.9 °С (37 %), purulent nasal discharge (20 %), cough (15.6 %), general weakness (12.3 %). The average duration of the disease before hospitalization was 8.0 ± 0.2 days, and after hospitalization, it was 7.0 ± 0.1 days. It was found that those hospitalized had mostly ENT pathology, which initially was more likely to be viral (75.0 %); moreover, predominantly girls were affected (45 %), χ2 = 15.7, p < 0.05. At the same time, the proportion of combined forms of ENT diseases with a complicated course was 25 %, and boys were more likely to be affected (60 %), χ2 = 18.9, p < 0.05. Pansinusitis, on the other hand, occurred more often against the background of secondary chronic pathology (70.0 and 30.0 %, p < 0.05), χ2 = 32, p < 0.05. During all years of observation, the age group of 3 years and older prevailed among hospitalized children with acute respiratory infections. Most patients were admitted to the hospital in a condition of moderate severity. In all children hospitalized during the reporting period, we have found signs of respiratory syndrome such as nasal congestion and anosmia, sore throat, cough, purulent nasal discharge, as well as symptoms of intoxication: general weakness, headache, fever. ­Conclusions. The obtained data require further study and observation in the dynamics in order to stratify risk factors for the development of IgA-vasculitis in a childhood.
Modern baby breastfeeding trends
Authors: Kachurenko A. , Levadna L. , Horobets A. , Proshchenko Yu. , Kalinichenko Ya.
Published: January 2024

Breastfeeding is a critical aspect of infant care that provides numerous benefits for both infants and mothers. The socio-cultural changes of the 21st century require optimisation of this practice and research into the physiological stages of milk secretion, including the hormonal regulation of lactation and factors that influence breast secretion, which is crucial for supporting breastfeeding and improving the overall well-being of infants and mothers. The purpose of the work was to investigate current views on breastfeeding support through a comprehensive review of the existing literature, with a particular focus on studies on the physiological stages of milk secretion during pregnancy and breastfeeding. We used bibliographic, analytical and regulatory search methods. The review contributes to the deepening of knowledge and understanding of breastfeeding, emphasising its importance for newborn care and maternal well-being. The material covers a wide range of factors that influence lactation as a physiological process and breastfeeding as a social practice. The findings highlight the physiological basis of the lactation process: the key role of prolactin and oxytocin in initiating and maintaining milk secretion, internal (hormonal imbalances, breast anatomy and surgery), and external factors such as the mother’s somatic condition, including gestational diabetes and polycystic ovary syndrome. The positive aspects of breastfeeding for both the child and the mother are analysed. The various positive effects of this practice on the child are considered, including the most favourable balance of nutrients in the mother’s milk, the formation of passive immunity and the maintenance of a healthy intestinal microbiota. Particular attention is paid to the changing views on infant feeding in light of social and economic changes in the early 21st century, including the growing role of artificial formula and the challenges of natural feeding in the workplace. Practical implications: it provides a basis for developing evidence-based interventions to improve the breastfeeding experience and well-being of both infants and mothers while informing healthcare professionals, policymakers, and support groups.
Electrocardiogram in different types of dizziness
Authors: Byelyavsky S.K. , Borysov B.M. , Lutsenko V.I. , Trinus K.F. , Trishchynska M.A. , Shipilo L.M.
Published: January 2024

We have studied the influence of neurological loadings on heart rate (HR) in patients with dizziness and correlations between types of dizziness and changes in the electrocardiography (ECG) parameters. Two hundred and twenty-one patients aged 44.82 ± 14.15 years were examined. ECG and HR have been recorded before and after neurological loadings: calculation, Takahashi, tracking, lowering the bed and diadochokinesis. All the tests resulted in HR changes. The data obtained have been discussed from the point of view of somatomorphic disorders, cardiac neurosis (F45.3 according to ICD-10) and the possibility of their detection in patients with cardiac complaints in whom ECG studies did not reveal any abnormalities. Correlations between certain types of dizziness and ECG interval indicators are discussed.
The Analysis Relationship of Exclusive Breastfeeding with Psychosocial Problems in Children Aged 4-6 Years
Authors: Syahputra Teuku Andi , Abdullah Asnawi , Maidar Maidar , Ichwansyah Fahmi , Marthoenis Marthoenis
Published: January 2024

Psychosocial health is one of the most important factors in achieving optimal growth and development in children. The increase in psychosocial problems among children has been accompanied by a decrease in the rate of exclusive breastfeeding over the past two years. Another important aspect is the history of natural disasters such as tsunamis, military operations, and the implementation of Islamic law in Aceh. This research aims to explore the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and psychosocial problems in children in the city of Banda Aceh.The research method employed in this study is an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The population of this research comprises all children aged 4-6 years old. Samples were obtained using a cluster sampling technique, involving 296 children from 5 villages around one of the public health centers in Banda Aceh. Data analysis in this study is conducted using a logistic regression test.The results of the study indicate that the percentage of children aged 4-6 years in Banda Aceh who have received exclusive breastfeeding is 261 children (88.18%), while the number of children with psychosocial problems based on the Pediatric Symptom Checklist 17 is 27 children (9.12%). There is a significant relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and psychosocial problems in children aged 4-6 years in the working area of the Baiturrahman Public Health Center in Banda Aceh. Children who did not receive exclusive breastfeeding have a 5 times higher risk of experiencing psychosocial disorders compared to children who received exclusive breastfeeding during the first 6 months of life
The Burden of Home Dialysis
Authors: Trinh Emilie , Manera Karine , Scholes-Robertson Nicole , Shen Jenny I.
Published: January 2024

Home dialysis offers several clinical and quality-of-life benefits for patients with kidney failure. However, it is important to recognize that home dialysis may place an increased burden on patients and their care partners. Sources of burden may include concerns about the ability to adequately and safely perform dialysis at home, physical symptoms, impairment of life participation, psychosocial challenges, and care partner burnout. Overlooking or failing to address these issues may lead to adverse events that negatively affect health and quality of life and reduce longevity of home dialysis. This study will explore aspects of home dialysis associated with burden, emphasize the need for increased awareness of potential challenges, and elaborate on strategies to overcome sources of burden. Future research should actively involve patients and care partners to better understand their motivation, experiences, and needs to better inform support strategies.
Complications of Peritoneal Dialysis Part I
Authors: Cheng Xin Bo Justin , Bargman Joanne
Published: January 2024

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a form of KRT that offers flexibility and autonomy to patients with ESKD. It is associated with lower costs compared with hemodialysis in many countries. However, it can be associated with unexpected interruptions to or discontinuation of therapy. Timely diagnosis and resolution are required to minimize preventable modality change to hemodialysis. This review covers mechanical complications, including leaks, PD hydrothorax, hernias, dialysate flow problems, PD-related pain, and changes in respiratory mechanics. Most mechanical complications occur early, either as a result of PD catheter insertion or the introduction of dialysate and consequent increased intra-abdominal pressure. Late mechanical complications can also occur and may require different treatment.
Metacognitive Learning Strategies for University Students: The Higher School for Education and Training (E.S.E.F.K) Students as a case study
Authors: Aboulkacem Amina
Published: January 2024

Metacognitive learning strategies come to foster active forms of learning using various modalities that the learners employ in order to optimize one’s brain potency and capability of function. A plethora of research has been conducted regarding metacognitive learning strategies in various disciplines. Research on comparing the utility of use of learning strategies in two different modules for the same category of students in higher education as well as investigating the factors that push students resort to a set of learning strategies at the expense of others when the subject matter changes is the main objective of the current study. Evidently, the variety of learning strategies accounts for the differences in individuals’ learning capacities, especially when the students shift from one area of inquiry to another within the same span of time. In this vein, the objective behind this work is to test whether students employ different metacognitive learning strategies to achieve comprehension and self-regulation in two different school subjects for the same group having the same tutor in both subjects, or that their brains function similarly regardless of the acquired element (Grammar and reading comprehension) are the case. Therefore, an empirical study based on mixed method approach is used to pinpoint the different metacognitive strategies utilised by students in these subjects to achieve comprehension. A questionnaire was first utilized to find out the learning strategies students use and the variables responsible for students’ full comprehension achievement. Second, interviewing students about how they employ the aforementioned strategies in their tasks comes to complete the vision of the study. The participants are S2 students in English department in the higher school of Education and training in kénitra (E.S.E.F.k). A mixed group of 32 students divided between 7 males and 25 females. Recommendations and implications will also be discussed in the study.
FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT, ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Authors: AKBULUT HALE
Published: January 2024

This study aims to analyze the impact of financial development on greenhouse gas emissions in the case of developing countries, considering the spillover effects due to energy consumption. For this purpose, static and dynamic panel threshold regression models were used. The evidence obtained from the 2003-2019 period data shows that financial development has a significant threshold effect on emissions. How this effect works depends on the distinction between financial institutions and financial markets. In contrast to financial market development, in countries where the financial institution development index is above 0.356, the forces that increase emissions have been observed to weaken.
Methodology for Selecting Optimal Knowledge Acquisition Through Analytic Hierarchy Process and Environment Parameters Impact.
Authors: Di Nardo Mario , Murino T. , Adegbola K.
Published: January 2024

In a global economy characterised by increasingly dynamic markets and technologies, the primary importance of intangible resources like knowledge is growing dramatically, especially for small and medium-sized enterprises (SME).
Therefore, many companies are trying to support changes by configuring their production systems towards mass customisation.
This evolving paradigm shift from mass production to mass customisation brings about complex product lifecycles that require continuous re-engineering/configuration of modern manufacturing systems.
Rapid manufacturing companies' changes result in adjusting and updating the existing knowledge base to maintain their competitive advantage.
Within companies, different tacit and explicit knowledge are available, relating to resources, processes and components. This data is usually not digitised, and therefore the main challenge for small and medium-sized enterprises is how to automate the knowledge acquisition process, choosing the best tools for knowledge preservation.
Starting from the analysis of models presented in the literature, we defined a methodology to support selecting the optimal acquisition of knowledge and preservation in any phase of production systems. In an environment where business uncertainty is the norm, developing knowledge acquisition capabilities is increasingly important.
The paper's main contribution is the AHP-PIE methodology, which provides a helpful guideline as a structured and logical means of ranking KA methods for evaluating appropriate tools for a small manufacturing industry organisation.