bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A study on the potential of NCF thermoplastic composites for use in aeronautic structural applications
Authors: Pantelakis Spiros , Katsiropoulos Christos , Meyer Bernd
Published: August 2011

An investigation on the behavior of four new non-crimp fabric (NCF) composite materials developed by using the thermoplastic resin polyetheretherketone (PEEK) was performed with the aim to assess their potential for producing structural airframe parts of the required quality at reduced cost. In this framework, the mechanical behavior as well as the hot forming behavior of the materials developed was experimentally investigated. In addition, the draping behavior of the NCFs was experimentally evaluated to assess their suitability for being exploited in composite component manufacturing technologies involving direct lay-up processes. To better understand the behavior observed, both C-scan ultrasonic and optical microscopy analyses were performed. Furthermore, a complete series of tests was also carried out for the thermoplastic composite APC-2/AS4 to obtain a reference for comparison. The results of the test have shown that the mechanical properties of thermoplastic NCFs compare well with the respective properties of the reference material. Furthermore, the promising results of the hot forming tests support the expectation of using thermoplastic NCF composites in aircraft structural parts. Finally, the improved drapeability of the NCF material allows for a direct lay-up in a curved form tool. In conclusion, the developed thermoplastic NCF composites show a clear potential to compete with the established aeronautical prepreg material APC-2/AS4.
Electromagnetic response of polymer composites with quasi-spherical nanocarbon inclusions: theory below the percolation threshold
Authors: Kuzhir Polina , Paddubskaya Alesya , Bychanok Dzmitry , Slepyan Gregory , Maksimenko Sergey , Macutkevic Jan , Seliuta Dalius , Valusis Gintaras , Banys Juras , Kuznetsov Vladimir , Moseenkov Sergey , Shenderova Olga , Lambin Philippe
Published: August 2011

The linear electromagnetic response of polymer composite with nanocarbon inclusions was modeled for a random multi-component system with particles and clusters of different shape and size. The results of the generalized effective medium Maxwell-Garnett theory below the percolation threshold demonstrate good coincidence with the experimental data for onion-like carbon-based polyurethane composites collected in a quasi-static regime (at 129 Hz) in a broad temperature range.
Processing and characterization of titanium dioxide composites from vegetable oil resource
Authors: Sithique Mohamed Aboobucker
Published: August 2011

TiO2 filled bio-based composites were prepared from epoxidized soy bean oil and Diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A, in which the nano TiO2 particles were dispersed using ultra sonication method. Composites prepared with 1, 3, 5 and 7 weight percent level (wt%) of TiO2 particles were characterized for their thermal properties such as glass transition temperature and degradation stability. Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that thermal stability of the composites increases up to 5 wt% addition of TiO2; thereafter it follows a decreasing trend, since the increased amount of nano sized particles makes it difficult for dispersion. The glass transition temperature of the composites was improved considerably. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) further confirms the restricted chain mobility of the composites upon reinforcement. The significant improvements in mechanical properties such as tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength, flexural modulus, and impact strength were achieved on reinforcement. The wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) studies show that the nanoparticles are exfoliated in the soy based epoxy matrix system. The morphological behavior of composites studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reveals the compatibility between the matrix and nanoparticles. The results showed that adding nano sized TiO2 particles can improve the properties of thermal, mechanical, compatibility and water resistance of these renewable resource based epoxy matrices suitable for engineering applications.
Polythiophene composites: a review of selected applications
Authors: Bobade Rajeshwar S.
Published: August 2011

Conducting polymers (CPs) provide a class of processible, film forming semiconductors and metals. Electrical and optical properties of CPs, similar to those of metals and semiconductors, and the attractive properties associated with conventional polymers such as ease of synthesis and processing, has given these polymers a wide range of applications in the microelectronics industry, in biological field and also as humidity, chemical and mechanical sensors. The principal interest in the use of polymers lies in the scope for low cost manufacturing. Organic polymers offer several advantages over analogous inorganic semiconductors, the most important of which are the processability and the large surface film technology together with the possibility of tuning the polymer properties through a chemical design of the constituent units. In contrast, problems of environmental stability and the inability to process these into useful devices constitute the main drawbacks of organic materials. To set a material suitable for applications in various technological fields one has to improve the processability, mechanical strength and environmental stability of the polyheterocycles: one method adopted to do this is synthesizing the composites of conducting polymers within a matrix of insulating polymers. In this paper, the science of conducting polymers will be discussed. A review from literature on selected applications of organic devices based on conducting polythiophene and its composites will be discussed with a view to targeting the areas of future research in this topic.
Study on the effect of processing conditions on the impact strength of PP/SEBS/PC ternary blends using Taguchi experimental analysis
Authors: Jazani Omid Moini , Arefazar Ahmad , Jafari Seyyed Hassan , Saeb Mohammad Reza
Published: August 2011

In this study, nine ternary blends of polypropylene (PP)/poly [styrene-b-(ethylene-co butylene)-b-styrene] tri-block copolymer (SEBS)/polycarbonate (PC) were produced at different processing conditions through twin screw extruder. Accordingly, die temperature, screw speed, and blending sequences were altered based on L9 Taguchi experimental design as indications of processing variables. Consequently, the impact strength of each produced sample is considered as the responding variable. Analyzing two important aspects, namely main and interactive effects by using Taguchi analysis, was the especial point of view in our contribution; as a result, not only was the PP/SEBS/PC ternary system studied for the first time, but the SEBS-g-MAH compatibilizer also showed sufficient effects on morphology development. It was observed that the impact strength of PP/SEBS/PC ternary blends is not affected by die temperature significantly, whereas screw speed and blending sequence have had effective impacts. Besides, the optimum processing condition, which is proportional to the highest value of impact strength, is recommended through the mentioned ternary blends. These results are also confirmed while applying image analysis on morphology micrographs.
Mechanical and thermal properties of polymer micro- and nanocomposites
Authors: Picken Stephan J. , Korobko Alexander V. , Mendes Eduardo , Norder Ben , Makarova Veronika V. , Vasilyev Gleb B. , Karbushev Valeriy V. , Tolstykh Mariya Yu.
Published: August 2011

We have analyzed the thermal conductivity and the tensile modulus of composite materials within the framework of the Halpin-Tsai and Lewis-Nielsen models. The parameter linking thermal conductivity and tensile modulus together is the shape factor of the (nano)filler. Model analysis based on experimental data shows that particle aggregation into a weak mechanical network may be required to achieve good correlation between thermal conductivity and the Young’s modulus when analyzing the data within the framework of a single model and requiring the same value of the shape factor. We believe this approach will make quantitative analysis of nanocomposite thermal properties possible.
Microfluidic biochip injection moulded using a patterned SU-8/Si mould insert
Authors: Singh Akanksha , Robert Laurent , Michel Gérard , Khan-Malek Chantal
Published: August 2011

This paper presents the adaptation of a conventional injection moulding process to manufacture microfluidic components in thermoplastic polymers using alternative, exchangeable microstructured silicon-based mould inserts. The mould inserts consist of thick silicon wafers with microfeatures patterned in SU-8 epoxy photo-resist. This process allows changing the mould inserts according to the design, very easily and cost-effectively. The SU-8/Si mould inserts were robust enough to manufacture small series for laboratory purpose. More than a hundred replicas in thin polypropylene (PP) were produced successfully for a biochip designed for protein crystallisation and analysis.
Modifications of polymers by additives and irradiations and their characterizations
Authors: De Udayan
Published: August 2011

Polymer properties are often engineered in desired directions by additives or by irradiations or by both. However, in space and certain other applications, energetic particles or γ-rays may damage the polymeric parts in undesired directions, needing prior radiation damage studies for necessary precautions. Case studies of three completely different polymer-additive composites follow: (1) shielding electromagnetic interference (EMI) by different composites of a polymeric binder, (2) electrical, thermal, mechanical (Young’s Modulus, Y) and positron lifetime (PL) characterizations of solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs), and (3) determination of total free volume and hole size by pressure-volume-temperature (P-V-T) and positron lifetime techniques, respectively, in two types of polymers. One type consists of complexes of poly-(ethylene oxide), PEO, with a suitable salt, PEO-salt SPEs. The other type consists of silica-filled and pure varieties of poly(dimethyl siloxane), PDMS. Melting point and glass transition temperature of these polymers have been determined from PL techniques as well as from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Electrical contact problem has been addressed by measuring impedance as a function of pressure, p, and then extracting p=0 values of impedance and Young’s Modulus. These illustrative measurements have been carried out for better characterization of the polymers. DSC thermogram showed that radiation induced changes of melting point of PEO-salt samples are in opposite directions for 160 MeV Ne6+ion and 1.25 MeV γ-ray irradiations. This interesting feature hints at different mechanisms of radiation damage in two cases.
Experimental investigations and optimization of processibility of sheet moulding compound
Authors: Babu Bhaskara J.C. , Waigaonkar Sachin , Rajput Amit
Published: August 2011

Sheet moulding compound (SMC) is a combination of glass fibers and filled polyester resin. It is processed by a compression moulding process and finds extensive applications in structural, automotive, electrical and electronic industries. The compression moulding process is characterized by the flow behavior of SMC under heat and pressure in the press mould. This paper is focused on the prediction of ideal processibility conditions of SMC. The qualitative aspect of a properly thickened (matured) moulding compound could be seen from its tack-free nature, which was quantitatively calibrated in terms of penetration depth, measured by a specially constructed softness indicator. The weight (wt)% of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) as filler, magnesium oxide (MgO) as thickener, graphite (C) and zinc stearate [Zn (C18H35O2)2] (ZnSt) as lubricants along with the maturation time (Tm) were selected as process variables. Taguchi’s scheme of experimental design was adapted to perform the experiments. It was found that the higher levels of MgO and CaCO3 were favorable for a good penetration depth as well as a reduced maturation time. We have also found that a penetration depth of at least 5 mm was required for achieving good processability conditions of SMC. An optimization study was under taken to find the right blend of additives and fillers, at their minimal weights and in the least possible maturation time, to achieve the desired processability. This study is particularly useful in a production run to make moulded parts from SMC.
Physics on the Periphery: A Research School at the University of Lisbon under Salazar's Dictatorship
Authors: Gaspar Júlia , Simões Ana
Published: August 2011

In this paper we discuss the emergence, consolidation, and dissolution of the research school that blossomed at the Laboratory of Physics of the University of Lisbon under the joint leadership of Cyrillo Soares and Manuel Valadares. From 1929 to 1947, this school flourished by the training of some of its members in European research centers, followed by research activity on x-ray spectrography, radioactivity, and nuclear physics at home. This project was supported by grants awarded by the Board for National Education created in 1929, and then the Institute for High Culture, established in 1936 during the period of Salazar's dictatorship. While the success of the Laboratory of Physics as a research school in a so-called peripheral context follows Gerald Geison's criteria, these criteria are unable to account for its dissolution. Its example illuminates how the interactions of a research school with its immediate social, academic, and political environments may be important to take into consideration. We offer a new historiographical interpretation of the events behind the dissolution of the Laboratory of Physics. Contrary to the received view, we argue that these events were not strictly political, and that discussions within the Faculty of Sciences on the role of scientific research, and on scientific policy generally, generated a hostile academic environment which played a leading role in the dissolution. Finally, we highlight the advantages of rethinking the concept of "periphery" as a perspective, following the suggestion of Gavroglu and colleagues.
Why Our Justice System Convicts Innocent People, and the Challenges Faced by Innocence Projects Trying to Exonerate Them
Authors: Krieger Steven A.
Published: August 2011

Despite the prominence and success of the over sixty innocence projects in the United States, there is almost no empirical literature discussing how these organizations operate, what resources or factors contribute to their success, and what challenges they must overcome. This article is a foundational step to fill this void. Following a brief introduction, Part I of the article surveys the reasons why innocent individuals get convicted, including: inaccuracy of eyewitnesses, perjured testimony, availability of DNA testing, accuracy of DNA testing and scientific evidence, prosecutorial misconduct, ineffective defense representation, ineffective capital representation, police misconduct: false confessions, and pretrial criminal procedure processes. Part II reviews the institutional development of innocence projects. Part III, based on unprecedented empirical research, analyzes the resources and factors that contribute to an innocence project's success to determine if a relationship exists between particular factors and an increase in exonerations when compared to other innocence projects. The factors discussed are: finances, staff and volunteers, time distribution per task, age of the innocence project, number of cases seriously reviewed, and state characteristics. The results found a "sweet spot" for each characteristic or resource evaluated, which demonstrated two conclusions: (1) a medium level of resources can achieve success equal to or greater than the success of projects with more resources; and (2) increasing the resources beyond the sweet spot did not necessarily correlate to greater success for the particular innocence project. This part also discusses the issues that innocence projects must overcome to free their clients. Part IV provides modest recommendations for improvements—even though the innocence projects have been exceedingly successful despite their lack of resources.
Complicity, Proportionality, and the Serious Crime Act
Authors: Baker Dennis J.
Published: August 2011

This paper evaluates proportionate punishment and fair labelling in the context of complicity liability. It is argued that only full intentional and extreme (subjective) reckless assistance or encouragement is sufficient for holding a secondary party equally responsible for the principal's primary wrongdoing. It is also submitted that lesser mens rea states such as mere knowledge or belief provide a justification for grading certain forms of complicity as independent and less serious forms of criminality. More specifically, I examine the new provisions found in the United Kingdom's Serious Crime Act 2007 and argue that those provisions could be used in place of the older provisions dealing with accessorial liability to ensure that those who are only subjectively reckless in contributing to the criminality of others are punished less than the principal. If a person is going to be sent to prison for life for merely supplying a gun to a principal, then justice and fair punishment require that the assistance be intentional or at least extremely reckless
"I am an American": Anglos, Mexicans, Nativos, and the National Debate over Arizona and New Mexico Statehood
Authors: Noel Linda C.
Published: August 2011

This article focuses on how people of Mexican descent fit within the definition of "American" during the early twentieth century. It argues that during the final years of debate over Arizona and New Mexico statehood, nativos (U.S.-born people of Mexican descent), Mexicans (immigrants from Mexico), and Anglos developed and promoted strategies of pluralism and marginalization for incorporating people of Mexican descent into the nation. Pluralists worked to ensure that nativos in New Mexico would become full members of the United States as Spanish Americans, while Anglos promoting marginalization strove to limit people of Mexican descent in Arizona to second-class citizenship. Although both territories became states in 1912, the two strategies resulted in very different consequences for people of Mexican descent and provided two very different models for how they could be considered American.
A novel marsupial pri-miRNA transcript has a putative role in gamete maintenance and defines a vertebrate miRNA cluster paralogous to the miR-15a/miR-16-1 cluster
Authors: Au Phil Chi Khang , Frankenberg Stephen , Selwood Lynne , Familari Mary
Published: August 2011

Successful maintenance, survival and maturation of gametes rely on bidirectional communication between the gamete and its supporting cells. Before puberty, factors from the gamete and its supporting cells are necessary for spermatogonial stem cell and primordial follicle oocyte maintenance. Following gametogenesis, gametes rely on factors and nutrients secreted by cells of the reproductive tracts, the epididymis and/or oviduct, to complete maturation. Despite extensive studies on female and male reproduction, many of the molecular mechanisms of germ cell maintenance remain relatively unknown, particularly in marsupial species. We present the first study and characterisation of a novel primary miRNA transcript,pri-miR-16c, in the marsupial, the stripe-faced dunnart. Bioinformatic analysis showed that its predicted processed miRNA –miR-16c– is present in a wide range of vertebrates, but not eutherians.In situhybridisation revealed dunnartpri-miR-16cexpression in day 4 (primordial germ cells) and day 7 (oogonia) pouch young, in primary oocytes and follicle cells of primordial follicles but then only in follicle cells of primary, secondary and antral follicles in adult ovaries. In the adult testis,pri-miR-16ctranscripts were present in the cytoplasm of spermatogonial cells. The oviduct and the epididymis both showed expression, but not any other somatic tissues examined or conceptuses during early embryonic development. This pattern of expression suggests thatpri-miR-16cfunction may be associated with gamete maintenance, possibly through mechanisms involving RNA transfer, until the zygote enters the uterus at the pronuclear stage.
Psychiatric Knowledge and Skills Required of Occupational Physicians: Priorities in the Japanese Setting
Authors: Tsutsumi Akizumi , Maruyama Takashi , Nagata Masako
Published: August 2011

Psychiatric Knowledge and Skills Required of Occupational Physicians: Priorities in the Japanese Setting: Akizumi Tsutsumi, et al. Occupational Health Training Center, University of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, Japan—

Objective

To prioritize the educational content in psychiatry teaching materials for occupational physicians.

Methods

A preparatory investigation was performed that included interviews with 13 psychiatrists who were well acquainted with occupational health and practices. Brainstorming among the psychiatrists and 12 occupational physicians was used to develop a list of educational content related to psychiatric issues that should be required for occupational physicians. Using a questionnaire survey constructed based on the preparatory investigations, 135 specialists with extensive experience in occupational medicine were asked to prioritize the selected items.

Results

A total of 67 specialists responded to the questionnaire. The following were recommended as high educational priorities for occupational physicians to master: awareness and diagnosis of mood disorders, being able to appropriately deal with depressed workers, screening for depression, understanding cases that should be referred for special treatment, appropriate action for a suicidal person, understanding symptoms that require cooperation in an emergency with a specialist, acquisition of the attitude and skills used in active listening and awareness of diseases such as alcohol dependence, adjustment disorders and schizophrenia.

Conclusions

What has been presented here is a consensus view of specialists in this ield. The items included were those obtained from sitting in on the discussions of psychiatrists and occupational physicians. They represent indicators for the development of teaching materials.
Association between Job Stress and Newly Detected Combined Dyslipidemia among Chinese Workers: Findings from the SHISO Study
Authors: Xu Weixian , Hang Juan , Gao Wei , Zhao Yiming , Cao Tingting , Guo Lijun
Published: August 2011

Association between Job Stress and Newly Detected Combined Dyslipidemia among Chinese Workers: Findings from the SHISO Study: Weixian Xu, et al. Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, China—

Objectives

Previous studies examining the association between job stress and blood lipids have produced mixed indings. We sought to investigate the association between job stress and bloodlipids among Chinese workers.

Methods

A total of 544 subjects (367 men and 177 women) without known diseases from the Stress and Health in Shenzhen Workers (SHISO) cross‐sectional study were analyzed. Job stress was evaluated by the effort‐reward imbalance (ERI) model. The associations between job stress and blood lipids, such as for total cholesterol (TCHO),triglycerides (TG), high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL‐C) and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL‐C), were explored by multiple linear regression. The association between job stress and combined dyslipidemia was examined by multiple logistic regression.

Results

Compared with their corresponding low level groups, groups with high levels of effort, overcommitment and ERI had a significantly increased risk of combined dyslipidemia with adjusted odd ratios (ORs) of 3.5 (95% CI 1.8–6.7), 4.2 (95% CI 2.3–7.7)and 2.7 (95% CI 1.5–5.1), respectively, whereas high rewards significantly reduced the risk of combined dyslipidemia (adjusted OR 0.3, 95% CI 0.2–0.6)compared with low rewards. Effort, overcommitment and ERI were significantly positively related to TG and LDL‐C, while rewards were inversely related to them. No significant associations were observed between job stress and TCHO and HDL‐C. The results were similar for men and women.

Conclusions

Effort, overcommitment, low reward and ERI increased the risk of dyslipidemia among Chinese workers, and they were significantly associated with TG and LDL‐C rather than TCHO or HDL‐C. Increasing blood lipids may be the possible link between job stress and coronary heart disease.
Changes in Craniocervical and Trunk Flexion Angles and Gluteal Pressure during VDT Work with Continuous Cross‐legged Sitting
Authors: Lee Jung‐Hoon , Park Se‐Yeon , Yoo Won‐Gyu
Published: August 2011

Changes in Craniocervical and Trunk Flexion Angles and Gluteal Pressure during VDT Work with Continuous Cross‐legged Sitting: Jung‐Hoon Lee, et al. Department of Physical Therapy, Inje University Pusan Paik Hospital and Department of Physical Therapy, The Graduate School, Inje University, Republic of Korea—

Objectives

This study investigated changes in craniocervical and trunk lexion angles and gluteal pressure on both sides during visual display terminal (VDT) work with continuous cross‐legged sitting.

Methods

The gluteal pressures of ten VDTworkers, who were recruited from laboratories, were measured using a Teckscan system and videotaped using a single video camera to capture the craniocervical and trunk lexion angles during VDT work at 30 s, 10, 20 and 30 min.

Results

The craniocervical angle was significantly increased at 10 and 20 mincompared with the initial angle (p<0.05). The trunk lexion angle was significantly decreased at 30 s, 10, 20 and 30 min (p<0.05). The gluteal pressure of the crossed‐leg side significantly increased at 30 s, 10 and 20 min (p<0.05). The gluteal pressure of the uncrossedleg side significantly decreased at 30 s (p<0.05).

Conclusion

We found that cross‐legged sitting during VDT work may exert disadvantageous postural effects resulting from craniocervical and trunk lexion angles and gluteal pressure. Therefore, this posture could not be recommended during long‐term VDT work.
Evaluation of space adequateness of shrimp farms in Southern Brazil
Authors: Freitas Rodrigo R. , Hartmann Carlos , Tagliani Paulo R. A. , Poersch Luís H.
Published: August 2011

In Rio Grande do Sul State, there are four marine shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) farms in the municipal districts of São José do Norte and Rio Grande, and other four with previous license for operation. Thus, the present study aimed to identify and characterize areas for marine shrimp farming located in the Southern portion of the Patos Lagoon estuary (32º00'S 52º00'W) by employing the analysis of satellite remote sensing (Landsat TM and ETM+/Google Earth), airborne remote sensing (35mm system ADAR 1000), terrestrial remote sensing (RICOH 500SE), and field expeditions, integrating data in a Geographical Information System (IDRISI Andes). As a result, the enterprises were built on coastal fields or in obliterated dune areas, which are favorable for cultivation. The proximity of possible consuming markets and local labor, relatively good access roads and local technical support also favor the projects. However, there must be caution in terms of changes in the original projects, which could cause environmental impacts and noncompliance of environmental norms, such as the occupation of salt marsh areas. Based on the obtained information, instruments can be created to help inherent legal decision-making to manage the activity for futures enterprises.
Correspondence model of occupational accidents
Authors: Conte Juan C. , Rubio Emilio A. , García Ana I. , Cano Francisco J.
Published: August 2011

We present a new generalized model for the diagnosis and prediction of accidents among the Spanish workforce. Based on observational data of the accident rate in all Spanish companies over eleven years (7,519,732 accidents), we classified them in a new risk-injury contingency table (19×19). Through correspondence analysis, we obtained a structure composed of three axes whose combination identifies three separate risk and injury groups, which we used as a general Spanish pattern. The most likely or frequent relationships between the risk and injuries identified in the pattern facilitated the decision-making process in companies at an early stage of risk assessment. Each risk-injury group has its own characteristics, which are understandable within the phenomenological framework of the accident. The main advantages of this model are its potential application to any other country and the feasibility of contrasting different country results. One limiting factor, however, is the need to set a common classification framework for risks and injuries to enhance comparison, a framework that does not exist today. The model aims to manage work-related accidents automatically at any level.
Criatividade no ensino de enfermagem - enfoque triádico: professor, aluno, currículo
Authors: Silva Onã , Alencar Eunice Maria Lima Soriano
Published: August 2011

A pesquisa, de caráter descritivo, investigou o estímulo à criatividade no curso de Enfermagem de uma universidade pública de Brasília. Utilizou-se como referencial o modelo teórico de Renzulli que destaca o enfoque triádico no ensino: professor, aluno e currículo. Participaram do estudo 15 docentes e 65 discentes que responderam o Questionário de Avaliação de Procedimentos Docentes. Os resultados indicaram que enquanto os professores consideraram que estimulam a criatividade dos alunos, estes discordaram de seus mestres. Constatou-se ainda que os professores se avaliaram como significativamente mais criativos do que os seus alunos ao passo que estes se julgaram e a seus colegas como significativamente mais criativos do que os seus professores. Ambas amostras enfatizaram que o currículo do curso não favorece a criatividade.
Diagnósticos de enfermagem identificados em idosos com distúrbio mental
Authors: Teixeira Marina Borges , Fernandes Rosa Áurea Quintella
Published: August 2011

Este estudo, descritivo exploratório de campo com enfoque quanti-qualitativo, teve como objetivo identificar os diagnósticos de enfermagem de idosos com distúrbio mental. Foram entrevistados 48 idosos que compareceram a um ambulatório de saúde mental, utilizando-se um instrumento sobre qualidade de vida, traduzido e validado .Os dados coletados possibilitaram identificar dezesseis diagnósticos de enfermagem, segundo a Taxonomia II da NANDA. Os mais comuns foram os que se referem às dificuldades inerentes ao dia a dia de uma pessoa em processo de envelhecimento, sentimento de pesar disfuncional e déficit de atividade de recreação (83,3%), andar prejudicado ( 81,2%) , risco para trauma (68,7%) e ansiedade(62,5%).
Inserção dos egressos do curso de graduação em enfermagem de uma universidade particular do Grande ABC no mercado de trabalho
Authors: Santos Carlos Eduardo dos , Sanna Maria Cristina
Published: August 2011

Para investigar, junto aos graduados em Enfermagem de uma universidade particular do grande ABC, como se dava sua inserção no mercado de trabalho, realizou-se um estudo exploratório descritivo retrospectivo. As respostas de 80 ex-alunos indicaram serem adultos jovens, do sexo feminino, solteiro, sem filhos e trabalhadores prévios na área de saúde. Muitos possuíam o título de especialista em Enfermagem e participavam de cursos de aperfeiçoamento. A inserção no mercado de trabalho se deu rapidamente e a maioria prestou concurso público com bom resultado. Possuem um ou dois empregos, em postos de trabalho públicos, na cidade-sede da universidade. Desempenham a função assistencial e percebem entre um e meio e três salários profissionais. A maioria não é filiada a entidades de classe.
Ocorrências éticas na enfermagem
Authors: Freitas Genival Fernandes de , Oguisso Taka
Published: August 2011

Este estudo utiliza cento e catorze registros de ocorrências éticas levantadas por uma Comissão de Ética de Enfermagem de um hospital do Município de São Paulo, no período de 1995 a 2001. Os objetivos foram: caracterizar os profissionais de enfermagem envolvidos e identificar as causas das ocorrências. Utilizou-se como instrumento uma ficha previamente elaborada. Os resultados: a maioria das ocorrências foi praticada por pessoas do sexo feminino, da faixa etária de 30 a 39 anos. Os auxiliares de enfermagem foram responsáveis pelo índice mais expressivo de ocorrências éticas. Destacou-se a negligência como principal causa das ocorrências, seguida pelas imprudência e a imperícia. O tipo de falha mais freqüente foi o erro no preparo e administração de medicamentos.
A opção pela enfermagem: estudo retrospectivo em Sergipe
Authors: Cardoso Normaclei Cisneiros dos Santos , Matos Mércia Fernandes Santana , Vieira Maria Jésia
Published: August 2011

Foi feito um estudo quanti-qualitativo sobre a escolha da profissão de enfermeiro, sua motivação e identificação com a mesma entre graduados e graduandos da Universidade Federal de Sergipe que ingressaram no curso de Enfermagem entre 1992/1 e 1997/1, identificando facilidades ou dificuldades encontradas neste processo. Consta de pesquisa documental nas listas oficiais da Instituição, e entrevistas semi-estruturadas a, pelo menos, 20% da população. Os resultados revelaram um percentual de apenas 31,5% de graduados entre os que ingressaram no período, variando os demais entre 5 a 7 anos de permanência no curso. Verificou-se um percentual de 76,92% de opção preferencial por outros cursos, constatando-se dificuldades de conhecimento ou identificação com a profissão, anteriores ao mesmo, resultantes de estereótipos e tabus culturais.
Determinação do sexo em catfish de canal (Ictalurus punctatus) utilizando endoscopia
Authors: Lima Fernando Souza Mendonça De , Murgas Luis David Solis , Felizardo Viviane De Oliveira , Costa Adriano Carvalho , Mattos Bruno Olivetti De , Paula Daniela Aparecida De Jesus
Published: August 2011

A identificação precoce do sexo em peixes é um procedimento importante para o desenvolvimento de estratégias que facilitem o manejo no plantel de reprodutores. A endoscopia pode ser utilizada para essa identificação, embora em peixes seu uso ainda seja restrito. Diante disso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi validar o uso do endoscópio rígido via poro urogenital para determinação do sexo do catfish de canal (Ictalurus punctatus). O equipamento utilizado foi um endoscópio Multipurpose Rigid™ 30º com 2,7 mm de diâmetro e 18 cm de comprimento. Foram examinados 60 peixes com peso variando entre 86 e 1.032 gramas nos quais foi introduzido o endoscópio via poro genital e, logo em seguida, eutanaziados para confirmação do sexo. Amostras de tecido gonadal foram coletadas para avaliação histológica do estádio de maturação e confirmação do sexo. Os resultados mostraram que dos 60 peixes examinados, 57 tiveram confirmação positiva do sexo via endoscopia, o que corresponde a 95% da amostra. A utilização da endoscopia para determinação do sexo em I. punctatus via poro genital é viável.
Profundidade de sulco, área de solo mobilizada e força de tração de uma semeadora-adubadora em razão da velocidade de deslocamento
Authors: Silveira João Cleber Modernel da , Fernandes Haroldo Carlos , Modolo Alcir José , Silva Suedêmio de Lima , Trogello Emerson
Published: August 2011

Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a profundidade de sulco, área de solo mobilizada e a força de tração solicitada por uma semeadora-adubadora de precisão em sistema de plantio direto na cultura do milho, em razão da velocidade de deslocamento. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições em arranjo fatorial 4 x 3, com 12 tratamentos, constituídos de quatro velocidades de deslocamento, obtidas pelos escalonamentos de marchas e de três rotações do motor do trator. Durante a semeadura, monitoraram-se a velocidade de operação, a rotação do motor e a força de tração na barra. Após a semeadura, foram avaliadas a profundidade do sulco e a área mobilizada de solo. Os resultados mostraram que: a profundidade do sulco foi influenciada pelo aumento na velocidade de operação; a área mobilizada de solo aumentou em 41 % com a elevação da velocidade de operação; o requerimento de força na barra de tração, média, por linha de semeadura e por área mobilizada de solo diminuiu com o aumento da velocidade; e a força média na barra de tração por profundidade do sulco aumentou com o incremento da velocidade de operação.
Estimativa de parâmetros técnicos da tecnologia de aplicação do glyphosate no controle de Brachiaria decumbens
Authors: Ruas Renato Adriane Alves , Teixeira Mauri Martins , Silva Antônio Alberto da , Fernandes Haroldo Carlos , Vieira Rogério Faria
Published: August 2011

A interação entre o diâmetro da mediana volumétrico (DMV), a densidade (DEN) e a cobertura (COB) proporcionada pelas gotas produzidas na pulverização, é pouco estudada e pode ter influência nas aplicações de herbicidas. Objetivou-se estimar parâmetros técnicos da tecnologia de aplicação do glyphosate no controle de Brachiaria decumbens analisando os fatores que constituem a pulverização. Os tratamentos constaram da aplicação de glyphosate em diferentes modos de operação de um pulverizador centrífugo, visando a obtenção de parâmetros da aplicação: cinco rotações do dispositivo pulverizador (105, 157, 210, 262 e 315 rad s-1) e seis velocidades de deslocamento (0,5; 1,0; 1,5; 3,0; 4,5; e 6,0 km h-1), obtendo-se trinta parâmentros. O herbicida foi aplicado aos 20 dias após a emergência (DAE). O pulverizador foi adaptado em barra equipada com motor elétrico e comando para controle da velocidade de deslocamento. Foram realizadas avaliações visuais e calculada a porcentagem de acúmulo de massa de matéria seca das plantas em relação às testemunhas, que não receberam herbicida. O ensaio foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repetições, e os dados analisados por meio de regressão múltipla. Foram obtidos controles superiores a 91%, quando o pulverizador foi utilizado de modo a proporcionar DMV de 327 mm e COB 2,51%, desde que a DEN fosse de 30 gotas cm-2. Os fatores que mais afetaram o controle de B. decumbens foram a cobertura e a densidade de gotas. A pulverização do glyphosate com menores DMV e COB e maiores DEN, proporcionou melhor controle das plantas.
Populações de plantas na cultura da soja em cultivares convencionais e Roundup ReadyTM
Authors: Ludwig Marcos Paulo , Dutra Luiz Marcelo Costa , Lucca Filho Orlando Antônio , Zabot Lucio , Jauer Adilson , Uhry Daniel
Published: August 2011

Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar o comportamento de cultivares de soja convencionais e Roundup ReadyTM (RR) quando cultivados com diferentes populações de plantas por hectare. Foram realizados três ensaios no município de Jari, RS: em novembro de 2004 e de 2005 e em janeiro de 2006 (semeadura após a época indicada). Os cultivares convencionais utilizados foram: CEP/CD 41, CD 201, FUNDACEP 39 e CD 205 e os Roundup ReadyTM AL72, NK Mágica 7.3 RR e A 6001 RG nas populações de 250, 400 e 550 mil plantas ha-1. Em cada ensaio, o delineamento experimental utilizado foi blocos ao acaso, com 21 tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram dispostos em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, representados pelos cultivares nas parcelas e pelas populações de plantas nas subparcelas. Foram avaliados a produtividade de grãos e os componentes da produção: legumes por planta e por m², peso de 100 grãos e número de grãos por legume. O comportamento dos cultivares convencionais e Roundup ReadyTM diferiu com a população de plantas. Em condição de estresse hídrico severo o aumento da população de plantas não afetou a produtividade. Somente o cultivar A 6001 RG apresentou rendimento estável nas diferentes populações de plantas, indicando que ele possui maior plasticidade. O número de legumes por planta foi reduzido com o aumento do número de plantas por área. As maiores produtividades foram alcançadas onde foi constatado maior número de legumes por m². O maior valor do peso de 100 grãos foi encontrado na maior população de plantas. O número de grãos por legume reduziu-se com o aumento da população de plantas. Condições de cultivo mais favoráveis tendem a aumentar o número de legumes/m², peso de 100 sementes e número de grãos por legume.
Comportamento agronômico de progênies F4 de cafeeiros oriundos do cruzamento entre os cultivares Mundo Novo e Catuaí
Authors: Pedro Francisco Carlos , Guimarães Rubens José , Carvalho Gladyston Rodrigues , Botelho César Elias , Rezende Juliana Costa de , Carvalho Alex Mendonça
Published: August 2011

A espécie Coffea arabica L é cultivada em todas as regiões cafeeiras do Estado de Minas Gerais, com predominância dos cultivares Catuaí e Mundo Novo, por seu vigor vegetativo, alto potencial produtivo e boa qualidade de bebida. Visando a identificar e selecionar progênies de cafeeiro com boas características agronômicas, foi instalado e conduzido um experimento na Fazenda Experimental da EPAMIG, no município de Três Pontas, MG. Foram avaliadas 39 progênies na 4ª geração de autofecundação, após o 2º retrocruzamento entre 'Catuaí' e 'Mundo Novo' (genitor recorrente), desenvolvidas pelo programa de melhoramento genético da Epamig. Os cultivares Catuaí Vermelho MG 99, Rubi MG 1192 e Acaiá Cerrado MG 1474 foram utilizados como testemunhas. Foram analisadas as características: produção de café beneficiado em sc.ha-1 de oito safras (1998/1999 a 2005/2006), vigor vegetativo, percentagem de frutos chochos e classificação quanto à peneira. Ficou evidente que existe variabilidade genética dentro do grupo de progênies estudadas. As maiores produtividades foram encontradas na sétima e oitava colheita. As progênies 1189-9-80-1 e 1189-9-80-3 apresentaram melhor desempenho, em todas as características avaliadas e serão selecionadas para futuros trabalhos de melhoramento genético, sendo lançadas como cultivar ou utilizadas em hibridações.
Divergência genética em cultivares de morangueiro, baseada em caracteres morfoagronômicos
Authors: Morales Rafael Gustavo Ferreira , Resende Juliano Tadeu Vilela de , Faria Marcos Ventura , Silva Paulo Roberto da , Figueiredo Alex Sandro Torre , Carminatti Rafaela
Published: August 2011

Os caracteres morfoagronômicos são tradicionalmente usados na caracterização de cultivares e no estudo da divergência genética, contribuindo na definição de estratégias para o melhoramento genético. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a divergência genética por meio de caracteres morfoagronômicos de 11 cultivares de morangueiro (Aromas, Camarosa, Camino Real, Campinas, Diamante, Dover, Oso Grande, Sweet Charlie, Toyonoka, Tudla e Ventana), nas condições climáticas da região Centro-Sul do Paraná. Foram analisados 29 caracteres morfoagronômicos relacionados com a planta, folha, flor, fruto e aquênios do morangueiro. As similaridades genéticas foram calculadas por meio de análise multivariada e, os cultivares, agrupados com base na matriz de similaridade genética, usando-se UPGMA. Dentre os 29 caracteres morfoagronômicos avaliados, oito apresentaram diferenças não significativas (p < 0,05). A similaridade média foi de 38%, variando de 19 (aromas e camino real) a 62% (Camino Real e Camarosa; Aromas e Sweet Charlie). O dendrograma alocou os cultivares em quatro grupos, contudo, essa divisão não foi coerente com a origem e genealogia dos cultivares. O cultivar Tudla apresenta elevado potencial "per se" para utilização em programas de melhoramento. O cruzamento mais promissor com base nos caracteres morfoagronômicos é entre os cultivares Camarosa e Campinas.
Comportamento de genótipos de soja submetidos a déficit hídrico intenso em casa de vegetação
Authors: Fioreze Samuel Luiz , Pivetta Laerte Gustavo , Fano Ademir , Machado Fábio Ribeiro , Guimarães Vandeir Francisco
Published: August 2011

O presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o comportamento e as características envolvidas nas respostas de três genótipos de soja, submetidos à indução de déficit hídrico de alta intensidade em casa de vegetação. A pesquisa foi conduzida na Estação de Horticultura e Controle Biológico Professor Mario César Lopes, NEE/UNIOESTE, Marechal Cândido Rondon, Paraná, no ano de 2007. Utilizou-se um esquema fatorial 3x2, sendo três genótipos de soja (CD 201, CD 202 e CD 217) e dois regimes hídricos (irrigação satisfatória e déficit hídrico), em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repetições. O déficit hídrico foi imposto por meio de suspensão da rega, no início da fase reprodutiva da cultura. Foram avaliados a umidade gravimétrica do solo (Ug) e o conteúdo relativo de água nas folhas (CRA), durante o período de déficit hídrico; a liberação de eletrólitos de discos foliares, no momento da reidratação; as variáveis biométricas, no final do período de recuperação e os componentes da produção e produção por planta, no final do ciclo da cultura. O déficit hídrico aplicado afetou de maneira distinta os genótipos testados, quanto à manutenção do status hídrico, da área foliar e, por consequência, do potencial produtivo. A diferenciação no comportamento dos genótipos foi possível, mesmo em condições de déficit hídrico intenso, sendo o CD 202 o que apresentou melhor comportamento. A manutenção do CRA e da área foliar devem ser consideradas como características de interesse no desenvolvimento de materiais adaptados a condições de restrição hídrica.
Decomposição de fontes orgânicas e mineralização de formas de nitrogênio e fósforo
Authors: Chacón Eddi Alejandro Vanega , Mendonça Eduardo de Sá , Silva Rubens Ribeiro da , Lima Paulo César de , Silva Ivo Ribeiro da , Cantarutti Reinaldo Bertola
Published: August 2011

Diferentes resíduos in natura (farinhas, tortas e vinhaças) e compostos (lixo domiciliar e lodo de esgoto) foram avaliados quanto à decomposição e mineralização de formas orgânicas de N e P, quando incorporados a um Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo, em condições de ambiente controlado. A decomposição foi determinada em experimento de respirometria e a mineralização, por incubação. Para um período de incubação de 30 dias, os resíduos in natura apresentaram maior evolução acumulada de C-CO2 em comparação aos resíduos na forma compostada. No período de incubação de 60 dias, os compostos de lodo de esgoto (4.500 mg kg-1) e lixo domiciliar (2.000 mg kg-1) mineralizaram N, em contraste com a farinha de carne e osso (385 mg kg-1) e a torta de filtro (281 mg kg-1), que imobilizaram N. A relação C/N e o teor inicial de N nos resíduos não explicaram o seu processo de mineralização. Isso sugeriu que a natureza do resíduo e características como formas de C facilmente biodegradáveis, teores e capacidade dos polifenóis totais solúveis em complexar proteína e, estoques de N nas formas fúlvica e húmica da matéria orgânica interferiram na mineralização de N. Para um período de incubação de 45 dias, a mineralização do P correlacionou-se positivamente com o teor inicial de P orgânico (r = 0,99**) e negativamente com a relação C/P (r = - 0,88**) dos resíduos. A farinha de carne e osso apresentou maior mineralização de P (1.144 mg kg-1) em relação aos outros resíduos.