bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From the Neolithic to the present day: The impact of human presence on floristic diversity in the sandstone Northern Vosges (France)
Authors: Gouriveau Emilie , Ruffaldi Pascale , Duchamp Loïc , Robin Vincent , Schnitzler Annik , Figus Cécile , Walter-Simonnet Anne Véronique
Published: December 2020

The Northern Vosges and the Pays de Bitche (north-eastern France) are well-known regions for their rich recent industrial heritage. On the other hand, the ancient history of these regions is less well known and the relationships between human populations and their environments during ancient times is still largely unexplored. We carried out a multidisciplinary paleoenvironmental study on the site of the bog pond located below the ruins of the medieval castle of Waldeck in order to reconstruct the history of the vegetation in the region since 6600 cal. BP. Throughout the Holocene, the succession of forest vegetation (pine and hazelnut forests, reduced oak forest, beech forest, oak-beech forest) was largely dominated by pine. Human presence was tenuous during the Neolithic period, then well marked from the Bronze Age onwards with the introduction of crops and livestock crops in the catchment area. From the Middle Ages onwards, anthropic pressure increased dramatically with the building of Waldeck Castle in the thirteenth century, which led to a major opening of the area. The Modern period is characterized by a gradual return of the forest, with decreasing anthropogenic pressure. Over time, occupation phases were interspersed with abandonment phases during which human activities regressed or disappeared. Finally, the rarefaction analysis carried out on pollen data shows that human presence led to a gradual increase in plant diversity, which peaked in the Middle Ages, whereas the forest lost some of its resilience to human disturbance over time.
Development of technical requirements for generating units of distributed energy resources in the conditions of electric power systems transformation
Authors: Ilyushin Pavel , Filippov Sergey
Published: December 2020

The paper describes the prospects for commissioning distributed energy resources (DER) in Russia and considers the historical features, as well as the consequences of structural, qualitative, and quantitative changes in Russia’s UES. The main short and long-term transformational changes, as well as current and future challenges, are described. The main changes in the circuit and operating conditions when integrating DERs into distribution grids in the mass scale are shown. The authors justify the need for making changes in the existing technical requirements for power equipment, relay protection, and automation instruments. Technical requirements for the distributed generation plants and new types of equipment (energy storage systems, devices with power converters, etc.) should be developed. The paper proposes a new approach to the development of the DER-based power distribution schemes considering the specifics of modern generating units and loads. It is noted that solving these issues will ensure reliable DER functioning as part of power systems.
Distributed power generation and power supply reliability improvement
Authors: Byk Felix , Kakosha Yuri , Myshkina Lyudmila
Published: December 2020

The appearance of distributed generation in the power supply systems of industrial enterprises leads to the emergence of requirements for networks to increase their redundancy functions. The introduction of network redundancy fees will lead to an increase in electricity supply costs for such enterprises. The source of additional revenue may be the provision of regulatory resources to the aggregator of electricity demand management in the UES of Russia. But this requires changes that allow active consumers to supply the distribution network with excess capacity during peak hours in the UES of Russia. The article shows the efficiency of operation in the mode without power supply to the distribution network. This mode does not lead to a decrease in revenues from network services for the transmission of electricity. The proposed changes will lead to an increase in the reliability of power supply and increase the economic efficiency of the UES of Russia.
Research of emergency cascade processes on simulation models of test and real electric power systems
Authors: Gaisin Bulat , Shakhmaev Ildar
Published: December 2020

In this work, a heterogeneous electric power system (EPS) is investigated for the possible occurrence of cascade emergency processes. In the process of computational experiments, simulation models of test and real EPS were created in which of voltages of 6, 35, 110, 500 kV is presented. The calculation of the trajectories of the possible occurrence and development of a cascade process in the event of a disturbance (N-1) in the EPS has been performed. For the investigated EPS, a model of visual representation of the heterogeneous surface of the parameters that affect the possibility of the occurrence and development of cascade processes in the EPS has been created. The study carried out on the basis of the developed methods (search for paths of the emergence and development of cascade processes, visual representation of the heterogeneous surface of EPS parameters) allows projecting the results obtained for making effective management decisions to improve survivability when designing the development of real power systems.
Analysis of flexibility of power systems as the method for analyzing a power system security in modern conditions
Authors: Osak Alexey , Buzina Elena
Published: December 2020

In modern conditions, when there is a mass construction of small power plants based on renewable sources, the installation of power storage devices is gaining pace, consumers ' electrical installations are being modified, they are becoming adaptive and intelligent, there is a process of mass appearance of electric vehicles, and a revision of traditional provisions in the field of system reliability of power systems is required. Scientific research in the field of EPS flexibility has recently been intensified, and this flexibility is considered in a fairly broad setting. It is important to note that the issues of EPS flexibility are not new, but the term “flexibility” was not used to refer to this issue before, although all the main issues were considered within the framework of the topic of system reliability and development of EES, and the issue of continuity of modern research with previous scientific research and existing scientific results is important. Traditionally, one of the aspects of system reliability has been the power security of the EPS, which refers to the ability of the system to withstand sudden disturbances without unintended impacts on electricity consumers. At the same time, the analysis of power security was mainly performed only in the volume of the system-forming power gird of the EPS. For the power systems of the future, the importance of power security increases significantly, but as an analysis of the power security of the system-forming and distribution power grids together.
Application of high optical technologies to determine the temperature field, ingredient composition and microstructure of the dispersed phase of combustion products of energy fuels
Authors: Moskalenko Nikolay , Akhmetshin Azat , Safiullina Yana
Published: December 2020

Application of high optical technologies for determining the temperature field, ingredient composition and microstructure of the dispersed phase of combustion products of power fuels is considered. The temperature of the combustion products is determined by method of the self-reversal of spectral lines. To determine the ingredient composition, the methods of fine-structure spectroscopy are used, when the absorption spectra of flame radiation are measured with a high spectral resolution. Then the ingredients are identified by the position of the spectral lines, and their concentration – by the intensity of the spectral lines at a fixed temperature. The temperature field in the combustion chambers of power plants is reconstructed by the method of numerical simulation of radiation transfer in combustion products of an inhomogeneous radiation propagation medium. The obtained experimental data on optical characteristics are used to solve problems of radiation heat transfer in combustion chambers of power plants with multi-chamber furnaces. Prospects for the creation of high-temperature atlases of the parameters of spectral lines of the ingredients of the gas phase of combustion products and their application in promising developments of power plants and in rocket technology are considered.
Improving the recognition of operating modes in intelligent electrical networks based on machine learning methods
Authors: Anton Loskutov , Pavel Pelevin , Vladimir Vukolov
Published: December 2020

Digitalization in the power industry makes it possible to form in real time and accumulate large amounts of data about the state of connections, equipment at substations and the power system as a whole (currents, voltages, power, phase between current and voltage, discrete signals, etc.). The processing and use of data arrays makes it possible to develop fundamentally new algorithms for the operation of automation systems, relay protection and control of electrical networks. The article analyzes the prospects of using methods based on multiple simulation, statistical processing of the results of model experiments and machine learning in relay protection and automation of electrical networks. New methods are proposed for combining logical signals from various triggering elements of a multidimensional relay protection device to increase the reliability and recognizability of normal and emergency operating modes of the power system using an artificial neural network and the decision tree method. The parameters of actuation of individual one-dimensional triggering elements are determined according to the Bayesian criterion for minimizing the average risk.
Model and Experimental Detection of Single Phase-to-Ground Fault for Overhead Wires in Distribution Networks by Location Method
Authors: Renat Minullin , Yuri Piskovatsky , Vasil Kasimov
Published: December 2020

The simulation model of the overhead transmission line channel implemented in PSCAD software allowing researches of location signal propagation via overhead lines of the distribution networks 6–35 kV under conditions of single phase-to-ground fault is considered. The model reflectograms are compared with their appropriate experimental reflectograms registered under the laboratory and field conditions for the overhead lines during simulation of various types of the single phase-to-ground faults.
Influence of generation representation on reliability balance indicators and their support means in managing the development of electric power systems
Authors: Chukreev Yurii
Published: December 2020

The issues of presentation generating equipment when solving the problem of substantiating the operational reserve of power in the UES of Russia are considered. The influence of the adopted composition of equipment, various modeling of capital and medium repairs, accounting for the energy supply of hydroelectric power plants on the values of indicators balance reliability and means their support is given.
Non-Iterative estimation of the AC overhead line state by relinearization method
Authors: Balametov A.B. , Khalilov E.D. , Salimova A.K. , Isayeva T.M.
Published: December 2020

Information about the current mode of the electric power system (EPS) is received by the dispatch control centers in the form of telemetry and tele-signals by the SCADA complexes, and from phasor measurement units (PMU) devices. Tele-measurements include information about the mode parameters, and the state of the switching equipment. Since the system of equation of state is nonlinear, the problem of state estimation is traditionally solved using iterative methods. This article presents the results of solving the state estimation problem using a method based on the Kipnis-Shamir re-linearization method, which allows solving it by non-iterative method. The results of the solution are given on the example of a power transmission line with 500 kV voltage.
Methods for the determination of the effective heating radius in district heating systems taking into account reliability
Authors: Mednikova Ekaterina , Postnikov Ivan
Published: December 2020

Methods for determining the effective heating radius (EHR) in district heating systems (DHS) are developed, taking into account ensuring of reliable heat supply to consumers. EHR is such a length (distance) of a heat network (HN) from a district heat source (HS) to a consumer, within which the district heat supply of a given consumer is economically more profitable than a distributed (autonomic) one. Thus, the search for EHR for different transmission heat pipelines (TP) connected to the considered HS determines of its operation zones in different districts of the city. In addition, to the main problem of the EHR search, the assessment of nodal reliability indices (RI) for each consumer is carried out, on the basis of which the obtained EHR solutions are corrected (if necessary). As a result, we can determine the zones of district heating in DHS, within the framework of which not only energy and economically effective, but also reliable heat supply to consumers is provided. The developed methodical ensuring was used in the development of an optimal heat supply scheme for the Irkutsk city (Eastern Siberia, Russia). The brief review on the results of the conducted practical researches case study is presented.
Linearization of the Navier-Stokes equations
Authors: Nazarov Serdar , Rakhimov Muhammetberdi , Khekimov Gurbanyaz
Published: December 2020

This paper studies mathematical models of the heat transfer process of a viscous incompressible fluid. Optimal control methods are used to solve the problem of optimal modeling. Questions of linearization of the Navier-Stokes equation for a plane fluid flow are considered. The optimal modes (optimal functional dependencies) of the pump and heating device are found depending on the fluid flow rate.
New and traditional relay protection algorithms integration in 6-35 kV distribution network
Authors: Sharygin Mikhail , Vukolov Vladimir , Obalin Mikhail , Petrov Anton
Published: December 2020

We conducted an applicability analysis of both modern and prospective relay protection types in future 6-35 kV field circuits. We demonstrated the advantages of using new differential-logic and multi-parameter relay protection algorithms, as well as the methods for relay protection tripping parameters calculation. We developed an integration scheme for existing and prospective relay protections types to increase the sensitivity and speed of the relay protection system for SmartGrid. We suggested the main stages of implementing new relay protection types.
Tendencies in the design of the grounding devices for the electrical installations of the belarusian energy system
Authors: Drako Mikhail , Baraishuk Siarhei
Published: December 2020

The paper considers the reasons to improve the design system for the grounding devices. It proposes a special-purpose composite mixture to reduce the soil electrical resistivity values. A number of field experiments were carried out to measure the resistance values of the grounding devices of the experimental circuits, after their near-electrode soil space had been treated with a special mixture to optimize the electrical resistivity of the grounding connection.
An optimization approach to determining the power of active filters
Authors: Kovernikova Lidiia I. , Bui Ngoc H. , Voitov Oleg N. , Semenova Ludmila V.
Published: December 2020

The coal grading plants in Vietnam extensively apply asynchronous motors with frequency control. They consume reactive power and non-sinusoidal current from the supply network. The nonsinusoidal currents and voltages lead to additional energy losses in electrical equipments, reduce their service life and cause an economic damage. Because of the low load power factor the companies with such plants pay penalties to power supply utilities. These problems can be solved by the active filters. The paper suggests an optimization algorithm to calculate the power of the active filter, which provides a load power factor corresponding to the normative documents and power quality indices corresponding to the standard requirements. The algorithm is used to calculate the power of the active filter for the coal grading plant owned by the company “Kua Ong-Vinakomin”.
Increasing the reliability of thermal energy transportation systemstaking into account forecasting the properties of thermal insulation during operation
Authors: Bazukova Elvira , Vankov Yuri
Published: December 2020

The work is devoted to solving the problem of increasing the operational reliability of industrial thermal insulation, taking into account the prediction of changes in its properties during operation. A series of experiments was carried out with samples of mineral wool insulation made of basalt fiber of different density. The dependence of thermal conductivity λ of basalt fiber insulation on density and temperature in the range from 50 to 350 °С is presented.
Mathematical modeling of hydraulic chains as cyber-physical objects
Authors: Novitsky Nikolay
Published: December 2020

The article attempts to substantiate a new direction of scientific research of pipeline systems (PLS) of the energy sector as cyber-physical objects. The relevance of this direction is determined by the practical formation of new properties of PLSs in the process of their renovation, intellectualization and digitalization, along with the absence of a general theory of classification of the goals pursued, emerging problems and solution methods. It is proposed to base such studies on the theory of hydraulic circuits, the subject of which is the general methods of mathematical modelling, calculation and optimization, applicable in principle for any PLS (heat, water, oil and gas supply, etc.). The concepts of controlled and cybernetic hydraulic circuit are introduced as a new object of study of this theory. The content of new classes of problems of research and modelling of hydraulic circuits as cybernetic is revealed. The characteristics of the available results in the field of methods of analysis and synthesis of PLSs as cyber-physical objects are given. Mathematical models and methods of analysis of the consequences of regime control in conditions of stochastic of external influences and uncertainty of the internal state are presented. A set of indicators for the integral assessment of the controllability of the PLS is proposed, reflecting the main aspects of management: admissibility, reliability and efficiency. Integral indices of PLS identifiability and methods of their calculation are proposed. The interrelation of these indicators, which can be used to develop methods of analysis, synthesis, norms and standards of controllability and identifiability, as the main cybernetic properties of PLS, is disclosed.
Analysis of small oscillations of complex electrical systems
Authors: Allaev K.R. , Makhmudov T.F.
Published: December 2020

The article discusses the results of the analysis of the static stability of complex electrical systems. The efficiency of the combined application of the equations of nodal voltages (ENV) and the Lyapunov function in quadratic form for the analysis of small oscillations of the electrical system is shown in the literature, which is called the Allaev method. A joint solution of the equations of nodal voltages and the matrix Lyapunov equation is given, which makes it possible to determine the stability conditions for the electrical system and identify the generator first approaching the stability limit. A study of small oscillations of complex electrical systems, which can be performed in full on the basis of matrix methods, successfully developed in recent decades, is carried out, which is associated with a sharp increase in the speed of computation and the amount of memory of modern computers.
Power system steady state calculations using artificial neural networks
Authors: Khudayarov Muzaffar , Normamatov Nuriddin
Published: December 2020

The power systems steady-state problem are described by a system of nonlinear equations, and for their solution are widely used iterative techniques such as the Newton-Raphson and others. Recently, techniques based on the use of genetic algorithms, the theory of fuzzy sets, artificial neural networks have been applied to solve this problem. In this article feedforward neural networks are used for calculating the steady-state regimes. The modeling results were obtained with the results of calculations using the Newton-Raphson method.
Multi-criteria optimization of power systems’ modes at incompatible constraints
Authors: Sitdikov Rashid , Radionova Olga , Mandalaka Margarita
Published: December 2020

The paper presents a mathematical model for solving the problem of operational optimization of electric power systems (EPS) modes when incompatible restrictions appear with using the mathematical apparatus of multi-criteria optimization. Along with the main criterion, three additional criteria are considered, which, in the calculations, make it possible optimally to enter the modes into the acceptable area.
Research of the trigger effect in diode-thyristor circuits of contactless relay devices
Authors: Abduraimov Erkin
Published: December 2020

The paper investigates the main properties of the trigger effect in diode-thyristor circuits and proposes the creation of small-sized thyristor contactless voltage relays, combining in one device a sensitive system to changes in input voltage and powerful actuators capable of switching large load currents. The article also discusses a non-contact thyristor relay of alternating current voltage, the load mode of which is analyzed, taking into account the voltage of the transition to the open state of the thyristor and the formula for the effective value of the voltage across the load. It is proposed to use the developed such relays as contactless switching and control equipment, which allow to reliably and quickly control the operating modes of electrical equipment, regulate the reactive power of capacitor banks, create ring networks, improve the quality of electricity in distribution networks and reduce capital costs for the construction of a power supply system.
On the energy efficiency of electromechanical systems with an electromagnetic vibration exciter
Authors: Nuraliev А. К. , Amirov T. , Esenbekov А.J.
Published: December 2020

Study shake the phenomena in the electromechanical systems (EMS) are presented by permanent interest for the wide circle of researchers. The most effective source of vibrations in many cases is an electromagnetic causative vibration exciters (EMCV) in that there is transformation of electric power to energy of mechanical vibrations, that is related to the change of inductance. Electromagnetic vibration exciters have a number of significant advantages over other types of exciters. Due to the absence of rubbing parts they have high reliability and durability. They allow you to smoothly adjust the amplitude of vibrations over a wide range. EMCV are easy to integrate into production lines, they have easy maintenance, low operating costs and extensive automation capabilities. This phenomenon presents interest at development of electromechanics devices for intensive vibrotechnologies. Especially development guided on frequency of resonant EMCV promotes the economy of consumption of electric power and productivity of vibrotechnique. To the article the results of theoretical and experimental researches are driven on the increase of energy efficiency of EMCV and determination of output-input ratio. It is shown that losses of electric power in EMS with EMCV related to the origin of permanent constituents and ultra-harmonics of current, choice of magnetic chain and dynamic.
Automatic drive -support method for constant pressure maintanence at pump units of the hydraulic power stations
Authors: Abidov Kudrat , Zaripov Odiljon , Zaripova Shaxlo
Published: December 2020

In this research, the task of a water-lifting pump station is to maintain a given pressure of the pumped water regardless of its flow rate, which can vary significantly depending on many conditions Water-lifting pumping stations are designed to pump maximum flow. With this in mind, regulation methods are required to ensure the operation of pumping units at different costs.
Research of Ferr-Resonance Oscillations at the Frequency of Subharmonics in Three-Phase Non-Linear Electric Circuits and Systems
Authors: Ibadullaev M. , Tovbaev A. N.
Published: December 2020

It is known that the occurrence and existence of ferroresonant oscillations at the subharmonic frequency (SHC) in power transmission lines (TL) and in power supply systems is extremely undesirable, since they cause ferroresonant overvoltages at different frequencies. At the same time, there is a wide class of nonlinear electrical circuits, in which the excitation of autoparametric oscillations (AIC) at the frequency of the SHC forms the basis of frequency converting devices serving as secondary power sources. It is shown that three-phase nonlinear systems are in one way or another equivalent circuits for power transmission lines, the main elements of which are: longitudinal compensation capacitors, transverse compensation reactors, and transformers with a nonlinear characteristic. To study the regularities of the excitation and maintenance of SHC at a frequency in three-phase electro-ferromagnetic circuits (EFMC), theoretical and experimental studies of an equivalent model of a three-phase circuit with nonlinear inductance were carried out. For the analysis of the steady-state mode of the SHC at the frequency, the method of a small parameter (averaging) was applied. A shortened differential equation of motion for a three-phase nonlinear circuit is obtained. By solving them, the regions of existence of the SHC and the critical parameters of the chain were determined. The obtained results of theoretical research are confirmed by experimental studies.
Study of ferro resonance using generalized models of Passive nonlinear elements
Authors: Begmatov Shavkat , Dusmukhamedova Saidakhon , Holbutaeva Kholzhon
Published: December 2020

The requirements for reliable power supply in the power supply system determines the need to study the modes of operation of electrical systems with the problem of damage to power lines due to ferroresonance phenomena. In this regard, an effective method is proposed for the analysis of ferroresonance arising in electrical lines between inductors and capacities using generalized models of passive nonlinear elements. The method of analysis makes it possible to obtain qualitatively new and sufficiently accurate analytical expressions for calculating the electromagnetic modes of ferroresonance.
Mathematical model to take into account the influence of saturation of the magnetic circuit on the starting characteristics of a synchronous motor
Authors: Toirov Olimjon , Alimkhodjaev Kamoliddin , Pirmatov Nurali , Kholbutaeva Aziza
Published: December 2020

The results of the development of a mathematical model of a synchronous motor and a study of the influence of the degree of saturation of the magnetic circuit on the transient processes of direct start-up are presented. It is noted that the existing methods of research and calculation of transient processes of synchronous machines are based on the application of the superposition (superposition) method, which excludes their use in nonlinear systems.
Study of elementary composition and structural characteristics of high-ash brown coal of angren deposit
Authors: Babakhodjaev Rakhimjan , Tashbaev Nazim , Mirzaev Jonreed , Karimov Abdumalik
Published: December 2020

The results of the study of the composition and characteristics of high-ash brown coal of the Angren deposit, used in the power industry of the Republic of Uzbekistan are presented. A feature of this coal is the presence in the composition of the fuel of various clay rocks that fall during mechanized mining from the surrounding rocks. Dependencies have been determined showing the effect of the composition of the fuel and the parameters of its characteristics on mechanical, chemical and thermal processes, as well as on the chemical composition of brown coal ash.
Experimental electro coagulation unit for pretreament of mains water for dteam generation at thermal power plants
Authors: Isaxodjayev Xayrulla , Usmonov Nizonjon , Abdullabekov Yusufbek , Xasanov Zoxid
Published: December 2020

The article covers the state of pre-chemical treatment of natural water at Tashtpp with the use of aluminum sulphate and the creation of an experimental unit for producing coagulant, aluminum sulphate, as well as a block diagram of the proposed electrocoagulation unit for pre-treatment and clarification of water. An electrocoagulation technology for pre-treatment and clarification of water for Tashtpp steam boilers has been developed.
Renewable energy development in Uzbekistan: current status, problems and solutions
Authors: Saitov E.B.
Published: December 2020

The article discusses methods for monitoring solar radiation and wind characteristics and practical principles of use. The efficiency of using solar and wind energy largely depends on how accurately the design took into account specific data on the arrival of solar radiation or wind speed at the site of the intended operation of installations. The instability of the primary energy supply makes it necessary to supply the installations with accumulators, the choice of capacity of which also affects the size of the energy receivers, and therefore the technical and economic indicators.
Use of glauconite as a non-reagent sorbent for the softening of drinking and boiler waters, industrial waste water
Authors: Umirova Nilufar
Published: December 2020

The article discusses the sorption of purification of water bodies from impurities using natural inorganic sorbents. The availability and low cost of minerals are an important economic advantage of their use for the purification of all types of water. The article describes a method of using an effective sorbent with high ion-exchange and sorption properties for purification of light oil products, for the purification of drinking or industrial water with a high content of heave technogenic metal ions and organic substances. Based on the data obtained, conclusions are drawn about the possibility of using the studied natural mineral sorbents for the extraction of impurities from waste and natural waters.
Electronic recorder of deviation from straightness with optical-light guide analyzer
Authors: Zaxidov Nematjon , Rahmatillayev Shahzod , Gafurov Doniyor
Published: December 2020

The article discusses a technical solution aimed at improving the means of alignment measurements, based on measuring the deviation from straightness relative to the reference line set by the laser beam using a recorder, which uses a fiber-optic analyzer with a scanning shutter and an electronic block circuit that provides an increase in the measurement range when maintaining the minimum overall dimensions of the mass and energy intensity of the optoelectronic recorder with high efficiency in obtaining information on linear displacements.
The effect of the surface geometry of a photovoltaic battery on its efficiency
Authors: Shoguchkarov Sanjar , Yuldoshev Isroil , Saitov Elyor , Boliev Alisher
Published: December 2020

Discusses the influence of the shape of the geometric surface of a photovoltaic battery (PVB) on its effectiveness. The features of photovoltaic systems based on silicon modules with different geometric shapes are considered. Expressions are given for determining the seasonal electric power generation of the PVB considering its surface geometry located in the parking lot, as well as calculations, are made to determine the optimal angle of inclination of the PVB to the horizontal surface under the conditions of the city of Tashkent.
Critical frequency of autonomous current inverter when operating on active-inductive load
Authors: Sapaev Khushnud , Umarov Shukhrat , Abdullabekov Islombek
Published: December 2020

The article presents the results of a study of a circuit of an autonomous current inverter with shut-off valves when operating on an active-inductive load in terms of identifying its properties, energy characteristics and comparing the circuit with a traditional parallel current inverter with capacitive switching without additional valves.
Optimization of natural gas combustion in furnace of steam boilers
Authors: Tulyaganov Murot
Published: December 2020

The issues of natural gas combustion control in the furnace based on the compile mathematical model to optimize the combustion process using a frequency-controlled asynchronous electric drive of blow fans are considered in this article.
Operational safety management of the pumping installations of the pumping station of the machine irrigation system
Authors: Kamalov Tolagan , Khalikov Salihdjan
Published: December 2020

The article presents the tasks of operational safety management of a pumping installation of a pumping station, control methods and an algorithm for operational safety control of a pumping installation, including: diagnostics, calculating the risk of a pumping installation, probabilistic analysis of pumping installation safety using a neural network and taking corrective measures.
Research of the optimum scale of standard sections of agricultural purpose lines
Authors: Taslimov A D , Rakhimov F M , Norkulov A O. , Yuldashev A A.
Published: December 2020

In the article, for the optimal development of networks, the parameter of the network element is selected from the existing standard scale of standard sizes and the scale of standard sections of lines (cables) is optimized or their optimality is checked.
Economic load intervals for selection of cable sections for agricultural purpose
Authors: Taslimov A D , Melikuziev M V , Najimova A M , Alimov A A.
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the issues of choosing the optimal cross-section of cables and their scales for the lines of rural electrical networks by the method of economic intervals for various laws of load growth, taking into account the restrictions on long-term permissible current loads and permissible voltage loss, and a comparison of the load boundary obtained on the optimization model with economic intervals is carried out load.
Phase relations in resonant circuits with a wide falling section on the amplitude characteristic
Authors: Usmanov E.G , Khusanov B.M
Published: December 2020

This article examines the features of circuits in order to determine the possibility of their use for controlling thyristors when building new, simple and reliable circuits for controlling boost voltage stabilizers. In ferroresonant circuits connected to a voltage source with a low internal resistance, with a certain combination of parameters, oscillations are excited at the fundamental frequency, the initial phase of which has a shift with respect to the phase of the applied voltage. Moreover, the phase of the excited oscillations depends on the magnitude of the applied emf.
Analysis of voltage stabilizers and non-contact relays in power supply systems
Authors: Karimov Raxmatillo , Bobojanov Maxsud
Published: December 2020

The article discusses the results of comparison and analysis of voltage stabilizing devices and contactless relays in the power supply system. Based on the analysis, the time variation of the voltage in the capacitive circuit is shown. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the determination of the actual value of the capacitive voltage by controlling the thyristor of the “charge-discharge” process of the capacitance makes it possible to determine the time delay of the contactless switching device when the capacitor reaches the saturation point.
Study of the state of the issue of increasing the quality of electric energy in the power supply systems
Authors: Karimov Raxmatillo
Published: December 2020

This article examines the importance of ensuring the quality of electricity and considers the possibility of using a system for monitoring the quality of electricity in the power supply system. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the use of contactless switching devices as switches of sections of windings of power transformers allows you to abandon current-limiting reactors and resistors. This is achieved by the fact that the switching of the windings occurs at the moment the load current passes through zero.
Graphical-analytical method for constructing load characteristics
Authors: Rasulov A N , Ruzinazarov M R , Toirova N , Alibekova T Sh
Published: December 2020

The article discusses a graphical-analytical method for constructing the load characteristics of a three-element resonant circuit in the current stabilization mode. The current stabilization mode is observed when compensating the negative section of the S-shaped characteristics of the parallel resonant circuit of the connected sequence with a linear inductance and with a linear capacitor characteristic. The equation of the load mode in a dimensionless form represents the equation of an ellipse, which makes it possible to construct the necessary characteristics of a three-element resonant circuit for various types of load.
Fiscal instruments of taxation improvement as a factor of sustainable development of enterprises of the fuel and energy sector
Authors: Allaeva G.Zh
Published: December 2020

The article discusses the main directions of improving tax administration at the enterprises of the fuel and energy complex. A fiscal tool is proposed to improve tax administration in the form of a mechanism to reduce the tax burden of enterprises in the energy sector. The influence of resource taxes on the effective economic development of extractive energy enterprises is studied.
Analysis of automated software for monitoring energy consumption and efficiency of industrial enterprises
Authors: Rakhmonov I U , Kurbonov N N
Published: December 2020

There are a number of programs that perform analyzes on energy types. One of the current issues is to study their properties and bring them into a single system. In this article, we demonstrated the available capabilities, benefits, and limitations of energy resource management programs. We analyzed which operating system the energy management software runs on, the availability of mobile and site versions, which industry it belongs to, and the cost. Measurement results show that while the program with the highest score was Wattics, the features in other programs are not available in this program. Finally, it is important to create a single database that integrates all the data in these processes and to create a program based on a single system that manages this database.
Innovation building materials in energy-saving wall systems of historical buildings in Saint Petersburg
Authors: Golovina Svetlana , Tikhonov Yurii , Sokol Iulia
Published: December 2020

The article notes that the main heat losses during major repairs of buildings of historical development are associated with low thermal resistance of external wall fences, due to the lack of thermal insulation of balcony doors. The purpose of the study: to show a significant reduction in costs in the capital reconstruction of former apartment buildings, of which there are more than one and a half thousand in St. Petersburg, due to the use of innovative thermal insulation materials. Methods: thermal imaging, laboratory research. Results: as a result of studying the humidity regime, the experimental section of the wall, determining the dew point, resistance to vapor permeability, air permeability, and construction properties of historical bricks, the authors suggest that buildings of historical development follow the rule that provides for insulation of the external walls of these buildings from the inside.
General theory of vibroacoustic simulation of blast resistance of the bearing building constructions
Authors: Mogilyuk Zhanna , Prokopiev Valeriy
Published: December 2020

The report considers the history of development of general theory of vibroacoustic simulation of distribution of broadband dynamic loads on bearing structures of buildings and structures. The following examples show the principles of construction of their direct and inverse vibroacoustic models in series and in parallel. It has been proven that the topology of the original schema is completely the same as that of its inverse model. This makes it possible to conclude that inverse vibroacoustic models of building structures are most convenient for design modeling of complex and multi-connected mechanical oscillatory systems. It is shown that vibration acoustic models for the first time allowed to create algorithms of automated design simulation of explosion resistance of bearing building structures in a wide band of numerous resonances of frequency reaction of the construction structure and its elements to explosive pulse loads.
Correlation Between Density of Residential Areas and Solar Energy Potential in Xining City
Authors: Wen Ting , Liu Yu , Wang Jin , Zheng Wuxing , Shao Teng
Published: December 2020

In urban scale, solar energy utilization potential is closely related to residential density. Taking Xining City as an example, this paper explored how density of urban residential area affects solar energy utilization potential of urban housing. By changing density related design variables , including building layout, density rate, floor-site area ratio and the number of floors, 36 general models of residential areas with low, medium and high density are Abstracted. The results show that solar energy utilization potential of buildings varies greatly with different density related design variables. Comparison of a number of different scenarios reveals how density related variables affect solar energy utilization potential, based on which suggestions for optimization of solar energy potential for urban residential areas in their initial planning and design stages are proposed.
Urban nature protection measures evaluated by opinion poll respondents
Authors: Pryadko Igor
Published: December 2020

The article addresses the findings of the poll, conducted by lecturers and students of the National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering. The poll objective was to identify the level of ecological culture demonstrated by the residents of Moscow, the Russian capital and a megacity. Residents of its old and new administrative districts were among the respondents. The author verifies the scope and extension of such concepts as ecological culture and environmental safety, sheds light on the structure of environmental safety. The responses, given by the respondents, are used in the rating of environmental hazards of which air pollution is a number one threat. Moreover, the poll addressed such problems as domestic waste removal, pollution of Moscow rivers, lakes, ponds and other water bodies with waste water. Besides the polling method, employed by the author, he used the retrospective analysis of news items. Moreover, environmental monitoring results and opinions, expressed by the authors of research articles, were analyzed; methods of deduction, induction, classification and split of concepts were also used by the author.
Renovation of depressed areas using methods of transpersonal socionics
Authors: Suzdaleva Antonina , Kurochkina Valentina , Kuchkina Maria , Jargalsaihan Bolortuya
Published: December 2020

Depressed areas are naturally degraded sections of urbanized territories. Their existence is always a cause of deterioration in social, economic and environmental conditions. Renovation of depressed areas is an activity that ensures the restoration of favorable conditions in the areas they occupy. Renovation is necessary to ensure the safety of the population and normal living conditions. There are several types of depressed areas that differ in their scale. Depressed objects are individual abandoned buildings and territories around them. Depressed urban districts include parts of the territory of cities with low or naturally declining quality of life, which is characterized by destroying buildings and structures, as well as undeveloped and unsettled sections. Depressed industrial zones are vast territories surrounding complexes of abandoned industrial enterprises. A separate type of depressed areas are ghost towns. They are considered urban-type localities with collapsing buildings and degraded infrastructure, abandoned by residents or a significant part of them. A characteristic feature of all types of depressed areas is their uncontrolled colonization by various organisms. For this reason, depressed areas can be considered as unmanageable natural and technical systems. Transpersonal socionics is an interdisciplinary science, the subject of which is the study of the interaction of various organizational structures and social groups consisting of individuals united by common interests. Such aggregate elements of society can be divided into several categories that differ in the nature of their involvement in the renovation process. They are designated as economic, territorial, technological, administrative, political, and social stakeholders. For each of the categories, the nature of risks caused by the existence of depressed areas is described. Special attention is paid to the problems of environmental risks of various categories of stakeholders. Based on the use of the principles of transpersonal socionics, a method is proposed that allows providing a systematic unified approach to the development of programs for the renovation of depressed areas on the basis of the consideration of all parties involved in this problem (stakeholders).
Ecological risks during offshore construction of oil platforms
Authors: Derevtsova Ksenia , Ginevskii Vladislav , Kataev Gleb , Kim Semion , Veselova Polina
Published: December 2020

The article tells about the risks of low-culture construction of oil facilities on the Arctic shelf. The long-term, practically neglected exploitation of the unique natural resources of the Russian North and the low culture of their development led in a number of its regions, including the waters of the Arctic seas with islands, to an emergency ecological situation - the partial and sometimes complete destruction of the fragile Arctic natural habitat of the small peoples of the North and the created cities and villages. Without proper environmental support, economic activities continue in the field of extraction, transportation and processing of natural resources. The progressive pollution of rivers and lakes leads to a qualitative depletion of water resources - a change in the composition of the waters of the Arctic Ocean. The danger of oil pollution of the marine environment is associated with plans for its production on the continental shelf of the Russian Federation. The oil and gas production complex in the Russian Arctic regions are being formed on the basis of already discovered fields and will develop as other promising fields are developed.
Features of reclamation of oil-contaminated lands in the conditions of the Middle Ob
Authors: Rogova Nina
Published: December 2020

In the process of extraction, collection, transportation and primary processing of hydrocarbons, the lands of the fields are often damaged. For the further operation of the oil field, it is necessary to carry out not only reclamation of disturbed lands, but also oil-contaminated lands formed as a result of accidental spills. The natural environment of Western Siberia is a fragile environment and interference in its existing balance as a result of accidental spills of oil products and pollution of land and water bodies leads to negative consequences for the flora and fauna. If the impact on the natural environment during the development of oil and gas fields during the placement of oil field facilities can still be considered as permissible, then the ingress of oil products into the environment should be considered as negative with far-reaching consequences.