bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization of an Enzyme-Catalyzed Crosslinkable Hydrogel as a Wound Dressing in Skin Tissue Engineering
Authors: Nilforoushzadeh Mohammad Ali , Behtash Amiri Amir , Shaghaghi Behrad , Alimohammadi Alimohammad , Ahmadi Rahim , Khodaverdi Darian Ebrahim , Razzaghi Mohammadreza , Rezaei Tavirani Mostafa , Zare Sona
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Wound healing can have a very important impact on the patients’ quality of life. For its treatment, wound dressings have vital and effective uses. Indeed, the use of a proper wound dressing can improve the healing process and duration. Recently, wound dressings with unique properties have been prepared using natural hydrogels. In addition to the general wound characteristics, new generations of wound dressings, such as those lasting longer on the wound, can have specific properties such as transferring allogeneic cells to enhance the healing effect and speed up the healing process. The present study aimed to prepare a gelatin-based hydrogel and to characterize it for therapeutic purposes. Methods: In this experimental-laboratory study, a gelatin hydrogel was made using a microbial transglutaminase (mTG) enzyme. The prepared hydrogel was evaluated in terms of appearance, physical, and chemical properties. To investigate the biological properties of the hydrogel, cells were cultured on it and the toxicity of the hydrogel for the cells was investigated. The location of the cells on the hydrogel was imaged via an electron microscope. The absorption and reflectance characteristics of the hydrogel were recorded by optical spectroscopy. Data were collected and statistical analysis was performed. Results: The results showed that the mTG gelatin hydrogel had a uniform pore size and good physical, chemical, and mechanical properties for use in wound healing. Cell experiments showed evident cell proliferation and high viability. The results also revealed that the cells grew vigorously and adhered tightly to the hydrogel. Conclusion: The preparation of a gelatin hydrogel under GMP conditions can be considered in the healing of diabetic wounds and burns.
Effect of Low-Level Laser Therapy on Bacterial Counts of Contaminated Traumatic Wounds in Dogs
Authors: Rico-Holgado Samuel , Ortiz-Díez Gustavo , Martín-Espada María C , Fernández-Pérez Cristina , Baquero-Artigao María R , Suárez-Redondo María
Published: January 2022

Introduction: The clinical effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on canine wounds is still under debate. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the potential influence of LLLT on the bacterial loads of wounds, using two different energy densities or doses of laser light as an adjuvant therapy for traumatic contaminated wound management. Methods: A prospective, randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled pilot clinical trial was used to evaluate the effect of two different doses of LLLT as an adjuvant treatment of contaminated traumatic wounds on the bacterial load and wound scoring in dogs. Fourteen dogs with traumatic bites or laceration wounds were randomly assigned to one of the three groups. Animals in groups A and B received a dose of LLLT of 6 and 2 J/cm2 respectively. Four wavelengths were used simultaneously: 660 nm, 800 nm, 905 nm, and 970 nm. Animals in group C received placebo LLLT. Bacterial burden and clinical wound scores were evaluated. Results: A statistically significant reduction in the average count of colony forming units was observed in group B (2 J/cm2 ) when compared to placebo group C. Group B also showed improved wound scores. No clinically adverse effects were observed in the patients treated with LLLT. Conclusion: LLLT, with the parameters used in this pilot trial, decreased bacterial loads of contaminated wounds in dogs and improved wound scores, especially when using a dose of 2 J/ cm2 . This is the first time the effect of LLLT on bacterial load has been investigated in a clinical setting using traumatic wounds in canine patients.
Investigating the Antibacterial Effect of Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation, Photodynamic Therapy and Their Combination on Root Canal Disinfection
Authors: Ahangari Zohreh , Asnaashari Mohammad , Akbarian Rad Nazila , Shokri Mehdi , Azari-Marhabi Saranaz , Asnaashari Negin
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Enterococcus faecalis is a gram-positive, facultative anaerobic bacterium associated with persistent endodontic infections. Conventional disinfection methods may not completely eradicate the bacteria within the root canal system. Therefore, novel modalities have been suggested to optimize root canal disinfection. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the antibacterial effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) and their combination in addition to conventional endodontic irrigation against E. faecalis biofilms in root canals. Methods: Root canals of 50 single-rooted extracted human teeth were prepared and incubated with E. faecalis for 21 days. They were then divided into 4 treatment groups and a control group as follows: (1) NaOCl—Syringe irrigation with 2.5% NaOCl, (2) PUI—Passive ultrasonic irrigation with NaOCl, (3) NaOCl+PDT—Photodynamic therapy following syringe irrigation with NaOCl, (4) PUI+PDT, (5) Control—Syringe irrigation with saline. Colony-forming units were counted and bacterial reduction was calculated for each treatment group. Results: All treatments led to significant reductions in the bacterial load compared to the control group. PUI and PUI+PDT led to the complete elimination of the bacteria from the root canals. NaOCl and NaOCl+PDT treatments reduced the bacteria by 99.9% and 99.5% respectively. NaOCl+PDT was significantly less effective in reducing the bacteria compared to other treatment groups. There were no significant differences between the NaOCl, PUI, and PUI+PDT groups. Conclusion: Passive ultrasonic irrigation with or without the combination of Photodynamic therapy completely eradicated the bacteria. The use of PDT as an adjunction to NaOCl syringe irrigation and PUI did not enhance their antibacterial effect.
The Combination of Laser and Nanoparticles for Enamel Protection: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Hamoudi Walid K. , Shakir Zinah S. , Ismail Raid A. , Al-Jumaily Hassanien A. , Sahib Shama Anees , Abedulwahhab Abdullah R.
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Dental decay is caused by the fermentation of carbohydrates and the production of acids which demineralize teeth. The fermented food debris lowers the pH under 5.5, resulting in the mineral loss of teeth. Anti-decay factors are used to reduce decay rates and increase dental protection. Methods: Fifteen sectioned teeth samples were immersed in Ag NPs solution and then irradiated with laser pulses. Structures, morphologies, chemical compositions and microhardness were studied using the Vickers micro-hardness tester, energy dispersive x-ray machine, atomic force microscope and scanning electron microscopes. Results: Nine mature extracted human third molars, cleaned and placed in plastic molds then filled with a warm epoxy resin, were sectioned longitudinally and polished. The samples were then cleaned ultrasonically and stored in distilled water and taken immediately one by one for laser treatment. Sharper, overlapping, interconnected rods and higher resistance against enamel decay were demonstrated with little alterations of the mineral percentages of the teeth samples. Conclusion: The combination of laser light and silver annoparticles improved the decay resistance; where regular inter-connected chain-like merged grains were formed. These laser-induced modifications in enamel components have reduced the lattice stress and enamel solubility and improved resistance against decay. The computer model indicated a possible prediction of the laser-treated profile prior to laser treatment.
EGR1 Is a Critical Gene in Response of Human Keratinocyte to Blue Light Radiation
Authors: Hamzeloo-Moghadam Maryam , Rezaei Tavirani Mostafa , Razzaghi Mohhamadreza , Rezaei Tavirani Sina , Safari-Alighiarloo Nahid , Arjmand Babak , Rostami Nejad Mohammad
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Investigating the molecular mechanism of cellular response to light radiation has attracted many researchers’ attention. In the present study, the critically affected gene by 7.5 min blue light radiation in human keratinocytes was investigated via network analysis. Methods: Gene expression profiles of human keratinocytes exposed to 7.5 min blue light radiation plus controls were extracted from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The significant dysregulated genes plus 100 first neighbors were investigated by Cytoscape software and its applications. The central nodes of the network based on four centrality parameters were determined and discussed. Results: Among 6 significant dysregulated genes, 4 individuals were recognized by the STRING database. The network was constructed by using the 4 queried genes and 100 first neighbors. EGR1, STAT1, and ISG15 were identified as central nodes; however, the prominent role of EGR1 was highlighted. Conclusion: EGR1 appeared as a critically affected gene after blue light irradiation. It seems that this upregulated gene is responsible for protecting human keratinocytes against stress and cancer. Therefore, the application of blue light may be accompanied by antistress effects in the human body.
Effect of Low-Level Laser Therapy and Sinensetin (Combination therapy) on Tumor Cells (Hela) and Normal Cells (CHO)
Authors: Javaheri Behnam , Esmaeeli Djavid Gholamreza , Parivar Kazem , Hekmat Azadeh
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Cervical and ovarian cancers are well-known causes of death among women in developing countries. There are various technologies to treat cancer cells, but the polyphenolic compound is a natural one and has an anti-cancer effect. Sinensetin is one of them and is found in Orthosiphon stamineus and citrus fruits. Since combination therapy is more effective than drug treatment alone, in this study, we investigated combination therapy using sinensetin and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) to enhance treatment. Methods: The cancer cells purchased from Pasteur Institute, Iran, were cultured. The cells were treated with various concentrations of sinensetin (0.1-1-10-50,150 µg/mL for 24 hours), wavelengths of laser therapy (660 nm) and power density (3 J/cm2) for different times)30, 60, and 90 seconds) separately. Furthermore, sensitivity of cells to sinensetin, LLLT and combined therapy was determined by clonogenic assays. To measure DNA damage and repair at individual cell level used comet assay. To examine the intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species used 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein (DCFH) as an intracellular probe. To analyze data we used SPSS software and comparison between groups was used (ANOVA) and t test statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 17 software. Data are presented as means – standard error of mean. The level of statistical significance was set at a two-tailed P value of 0.05. All tests were performed in triplicate. Results: Our results demonstrated that the doubling time for CHO is more than Hella cells, with 20.7 and 27.7 h for each cell respectively. The pretreatments (first LLLT, then sinensetin) can decrease the viability of both cell lines more than the first treatment (sinensetin + LLLT). In the clonogenic assay, the pretreatment of cells with LLLT and Sinensetin significantly reduced the surviving fraction of both cell lines. MTT results showed that pretreatment with LLLT and Sinensetin can increase cell death compared to Sinensetin and LLLT alone. Production of ROS within the cell was enhanced with LLLT + sinensetin. Conclusion: Our result indicated that combined therapy with LLLT and Sinensetin can treat CHO and Hela cells better than the other groups. Combination treatment with sinensetin-LLLT and the other treatment means, sinensetin and LLLT alone, did not change the cell viability significantly.
Effect of UV Laser Radiation on "Positive Regulation of Telomere Maintenance" in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Arjmand Babak , Safari-Alighiarloo Nahid , Razzaghi Mohhamadreza , Rezaei Tavirani Mostafa , Rostami Nejad Mohammad , Rezaei Tavirani Majid , Mansouri Vahid , Vafaee Reza
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation may cause a variety of skin cancers and damage to the eye lens. The assessment of different aspects of UV damage has attracted researchers’ interest. UV radiation to simple biological models such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae of yeast family could help to find out different molecular changes resulting from radiation. The assessment and network analysis of gene expression data about yeast cells radiated by the UV laser was the aim of this study. Methods: The gene expression profiles of S. cerevisiae samples in the presence of the UV laser at 30 seconds radiation and 15 minutes’ post-radiation time are compared with the control profiles. The significant expressed genes interacted and the central nodes and related biological terms were identified. Results: The main connected component of the network including 427 nodes was analyzed and 11 central differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were determined. RPN11, UBI4, HSP82, and HSC82 as critical DEGs and "positive regulation of telomere maintenance" as a related biological term were introduced. Conclusion: The finding has provided a new perspective on laser application in the rejuvenation process. It seems that the laser can be used as a suitable agent against the aging process which is a limiting factor in human life.
Protective effect of carvacrol against hepato-renal toxicity induced by azathioprine in rats
Authors: Houshmand Fariba , Heidarian Esfandiar , Shirani Faradonbeh Amine , Najafi Chaleshtori Somayyeh
Published: January 2022

Background and aims: Azathioprine (AZA) is an immunosuppressant medication that has toxicity to kidneys and liver. This study aimed to investigate the protective activity of carvacrol (CAR) against hepatorenal toxic activity of AZA in male Wistar rats. Methods: All study rats were divided into five groups: control (saline, ip); azathioprine-only (AZA 50 mg/kg, ip), Sily+AZA (Silymarin 50 mg/kg, gavage), CAR+AZA (CAR 10 mg/kg, gavage), and CAR+AZA (CAR 20 mg/kg, gavage) groups. Silymarin was used as the standard hepatoprotective drug. The drugs were administered once daily for 21 days in III-V groups, and a single dose of AZA was injected on the seventh day of the experiment. Results: AZA-intoxicated rats exhibited an elevation in aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in serum, as well as an increase in extent of lipid peroxidation. Activities of enzymatic antioxidants (superoxide dismutase – SOD, catalase - CAT) in the serum, liver, and kidney were decreased as for the AZA group (P<0.05). Co-treatment of CAR (both doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg) lowered the serum transaminases and ALP level, the elevation of endogenous enzymes levels, and the malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum and both tissues (P<0.05). This protective effect was greater in CAR 10 compared to 20 mg/kg doses, which was comparable to silymarin. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the renal and nephrotoxic activities of AZA could be attributed to the generated increased oxidative stress, as well as to the CAR with antioxidant effect similar to that in silymarin, which protected these tissues against AZA-induced nephrotoxicity hepatotoxicity.
The effect of psychological capital training on psychological burden and emotional self-regulation styles of mothers having children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Reisiee Homeira , Sharifi Tayebeh , Ghazanfari Ahmad , Chorami Maryam
Published: January 2022

Background and aims: This study aimed to investigate the effect of psychological capital training on psychological burden and emotional self-regulation styles of mothers having children with cerebral palsy. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed in 2019 on mothers of children with cerebral palsy who had files in rehabilitation centers under the supervision of Shahrekord Welfare (n=270). Samples were selected through convenience sampling method such that 30 people were selected from among eligible people and volunteers to cooperate, and then they were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. As for the intervention group, the psychological capital training program was implemented once a week for 10 sessions; but the control group was not given any intervention. Data were collected using the Psychological Burden Questionnaire designed by Zarit et al and the Emotional Self-Regulatory Questionnaire developed by Hoffman and Kashdan in three measurement steps. The collected data were analyzed by multivariate and repeated measure analysis of variance using SPSS-18 software. Results: The results showed that the mean scores of burden, secrecy, adaptability, and tolerance were significantly different in the post-test compared to the pre-test (P<0.05), as well as in the follow-up stage compared to the pre-test (P<0.001). Furthermore, the mean scores of post-test and follow-up for the experimental group increased in comparison with those for the control group in three styles of emotional regulation, and psychological burden decreased (P<0.001). Conclusion: The educational intervention of psychological capital could be adopted to increase using adaptive styles of emotional self-regulation, and to reduce psychological burden of mothers having children with cerebral palsy.
The study of P-glycoprotein A, G-glutamylcysteine synthetase 1, and aquaglyceroporin 1 genes expression in non-healing zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis cases
Authors: Hejazi Seyed Hossein , Saberi Sedigheh , Arjmand Reza , Soleimanifard Simindokht
Published: January 2022

Background and aims: Regarding the increasing numbers of clinical antimonial-resistant Leishmaniasis, understanding the reasons for drug resistance is helpful. This study aimed to find the expression level of the genes related to resistance, P-glycoprotein A (PgpA), G-glutamylcysteine synthetase 1 (Gsh1), and aquaglyceroporin 1 (Aqp1) in antimonial-resistant clinical isolates. Methods: Samples were isolated from leishmaniasis ulcers of 10 non-healing patients and the species were identified by the nested-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. In vitro experiments were performed using the amastigote-macrophage model by J774 cell line, and in vivo studies were conducted by animal model, the Balb/c mice. Finally, the values of genes expression were determined by quantitative-reverse transcription (q-RT) real-time PCR method and then compared with non-resistant Leishmania major (MRHO/IR/75/ER). Results: Molecular identification showed that all isolated protozoa were L. major. The isolated samples from clinical resistant patients represented no increase in expression in the tested resistance genes (P>0.05). Finally, it was found that the lack of improvements in patients was not associated with the increased expression of resistance genes. Conclusion: In general, no inherent resistance was observed in the tested samples neither a correlation between the healing of lesions and the level of genes expression.
Causes and results of non-cardiac surgeries in newborns admitted to the NICU
Authors: Eghbalian Fatemeh , Najafi Parastoo , Pirdehghan Azar
Published: January 2022

Background and aims: Surgery is an important and life-saving health service that can treat many of the congenital anomalies. This study aimed to investigate the possible causes and outcomes of non-cardiac surgeries in newborns admitted to the neonatal invasive care unit (NICU) department of Be’sat Hospital in Hamadan during the period 2011 to 2017. Methods: This study included all neonates (482 newborns) who were admitted to the NICU department of Be’sat hospital during the period 2011-2017 due to non-cardiac surgery, and had hospital records. The required information was extracted from their hospital records and the surgical outcomes and complications were analyzed with respect to other variables such as the gender, type of delivery, gestational age, birth weight, and disease. Results: According to our study results, 80.5% of the newborns had the gastrointestinal disease which was the most common cause of surgery found in this study. Moreover, imperforated anus (20.8%) and esophageal atresia (17.1%) were among the most common disorders. Esophageal atresia (33.9%) was detected to be the most common disease among the newborns who died during the course of the study. The results from the study showed that the outcome of surgery had statistically significant relationship with gender (P=0.011), type of breastfeeding/feeding (P<0.001), gestational age (P<0.001), and birth weight (P<0.001). Conclusion: Fetal examinations during pregnancy and neonatal care immediately after birth were recommended for early diagnosis of esophageal atresia, diaphragmatic hernia, and imperforated anus. Since gender (male), breastfeeding, normal gestational age, and normal birth weight had a significantly positive effect on surgery outcome, higher quality care was also recommended for infants lacking these characteristics.
Spontaneous perirenal hemorrhage in a pregnant woman due to the rupture of a simple renal cyst
Authors: Aali Saeed , Moradi Fatemeh
Published: January 2022

Renal cysts are diagnosed by ultrasonography, computerized tomography (CT), or urography. A 36-year-old pregnant woman (G2, Ab1, within the gestational age of 38 weeks) with upper abdominal pain starting from two hours ago, vomiting, and nausea was referred to the emergency department. Although abdominal examinations revealed costovertebral angle tenderness, there were no signs of peritoneal irritation, and all vital signs of the patient were in a normal range. Initial investigation results including blood count (Hb: 11.4), BUN/Cr, Na/K, and UA were normal. She underwent a cesarean section (c/s) due to reduced fetal heart rate (FHR). After C/S,the CT scan showed a large left retroperitoneal hematoma with an anterosuperior displacement of the kidney and active bleeding in the cystic lesion of the upper pole of the kidney. Pathological examinations also confirmed a simple cyst. Overall, simple renal cysts should be considered as a rare cause of spontaneous perinatal hemorrhage (SPH) in pregnancy. The diagnosis and treatment of SPH in pregnancy are also critical challenges.
Ethnographical Features in Upcountry Tamil Novels of Sri Lanka
Authors: P Sarawanakumar
Published: January 2022

Upcountry Tamil community in Sri Lanka has unique social, economic and cultural elements. Today, the so-called Upcountry Tamils of Sri Lanka are those who were brought from the rural areas of South India to cultivate cash crops such as coffee, tea and rubber, which were introduced by the British in the 19th century. The literary works about them are the Sri Lankan Upcountry Tamil Literatures. They are also literary copies of the unique cultural treasuries of Upcountry Tamils. This study examines the ethnographic elements found in upcountry Tamil novels. The main objective of this study is to identify the ethnographical elements in Sri Lankan upcountry Tamil novels based on the ethnographic theory of one of the fields of anthropology. The primary sources are novels by non- Upcountry novelists such as Gokilam Subbaiah's Thoorathup Pachai and Buloliyur Ka. Sathasivam’s Mooddathinulle. Both the novels are cultural treasures that reveal the social formation, cultural identities, hierarchies, lifestyles, beliefs, rituals,       Material cultures, etc. of the Upcountry Tamils. Gokilam Subbaiah and Ka. Sathasivam have documented in they are novels the Traits the ethnographic researcher's observation, participation, and meticulous translation of cultural features. It is these features that may distinguish the Thoorathup Pachai and the novel Mooddathinulle in the upcountry Tamil novels.
Tamil Classical Foundations in Ezhuthachan Ramayana
Authors: R Rathi
Published: January 2022

Morality has been talked about at various levels as a part of culture, a weapon of the dominant society and a life guide to the way of life that guides human society. The adhyatma ramayanam-kilippattu, written in Malayalam, is taken as the site of the book, which is written in Malayalam, in view of the impact of the ethics spoken on the Tamil cultural plane. The source of the Ramayana is the adhyatma Ramayana in Sanskrit.  Similarly, Sanskrit is the source of the Ramayanas that arose in Tamil. Therefore, considering that the influence of the original language is inevitable that it is inevitable that it will be included in the copies that follow it, it is here that the book of Etiquette is primarily meant to carry out the search for Sanskrit ethics. Similarly, thirukkural is primarily concerned with the search for Dravidian morality. This article is designed to show that whatever is beneficial to many is done as a modern moral, although various ethical ideas are spoken of at various levels.
Inflation Dynamics in Pakistan
Authors: Sohail Fauzia , Fatima, Ambreen , Khattak Sanam Wagma
Published: January 2022

This study explains the correlation among consumer price behavior and inflation in Pakistan by employing weekly micro data of retail price survey from October 2013 till September 2016, which is considered as the period of high inflation. Inflation is a product of extensive margin (the frequency of price change) and intensive margin (magnitude of price change). The study decompose the variance of inflation into contribution from both margins thus to determine if the prices of various groups of commodities follows State dependent pricing model or Time dependent pricing model. The extensive margin is a source of inflation in most of the State dependent pricing model while intensive margin is a basis of inflation in Time dependent pricing model. The analysis reveals a greater correlation of inflation with the intensive margin of price change compared to the extensive margin. Mounting inflation is although related more with greater frequencies of the price increase and lower frequency of price decrease, however, the size of the price increase and decrease also plays an important role. Findings of the study reveals important role of price change behavior in explaining the inflation dynamics and are believed to assist policy makers in assessing the pricing mechanism and inflation dynamics in Pakistan
Sex determination from plain fingerprint ridge density in Filipinos
Authors: De Mesa Regine Ynez H. , Yapchiongco Ysabella Bernice D.J. , Evangelista Carmela A. , Alcantara Maria Olivia M. , Kub-ao Konika D. , Taduran Richard Jonathan O.
Published: January 2022

Fingerprints are integral in establishing individuality in forensic cases. This study derived sex discrimination formulas using the radial ridge density of plain fingerprints in a sample of 150 male and 150 female Filipinos. Laterality, interfinger differences, and associations between ridge density, height, and weight were examined. Ridge density was found to be sexually dimorphic (p < 0.001), with an average of 17 ridges / 25 mm2 recorded among males and 20 ridges / 25 mm2 among females. Most prints were revealed to be laterally distinct with statistically significant interfinger differences among the sexes. While results confirm that radial ridge density is sexually dimorphic within the sample, comparably higher ridge estimation thresholds were reported in this study than in existing literature – potentially due to the use of plain prints for measuring ridge density. Given representational inequities in forensic research, this study diversifies existing thresholds using a viable yet cost-effective method for estimating sex.
Application of rubber dust in modified asphalts for SMA mixtures
Authors: Skotnicki Lukasz
Published: January 2022

Abstract: The experimental investigation described in the paper refers to the properties of asphalts and asphalt mixtures with addition of rubber wastes. The influence of rubber additive, on rheological properties, viscosity, penetration, softening point of the asphalts were analyzed. An innovative technique based on the combined use of microscopic observations was developed. Tests results were compared to the conventional asphalts. Positive effects of modification were recorded. Two types of asphalt mixtures were prepared on the same mineral aggregate. For reference a Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA) was used with polymer modified (PM) asphalt 45/80-55. Then the Stone Matrix Asphalt was prepared on the base of asphalt-rubber (45/80-55 AR). These materials were tested on rutting and water and frost resistant. The results indicated that the SMA mixtures prepared on the base of rubber modified asphalt exhibit greater resistance to permanent deformation, at elevated temperatures and greater water and frost resistance than the conventional SMA mixtures. Tests results were compared to technical requirements for SMA layers. It was found that this type of asphalt mixture can be successfully used in road surfaces, especially exposed to freezing. Keywords: Asphalt mixture; SMA mixture; rubber asphalt; Recycling; Dynamic viscosity.
ZKUŠENOSTI Z IMPLEMENTACE KYBERNETICKÉHO
ZÁKONA V NEMOCNICI
Authors: Knápek Jiří
Published: January 2022

V našem článku se pokusíme přiblížit proces implementace
požadavků Zákona o kybernetické bezpečnosti ve fakultní nemocnici. Jednotlivé kroky implementace, vytvořené dokumenty až po vytvořené výstupy. S nemocnicí jsme si prošli i metodickým auditem NUKIBu – Národního úřadu pro kybernetickou
bezpečnost.
DOPADY PANDEMIE COVID-19 DO ŘÍZENÍ A STRUKTURY ZDRAVOTNÍ PÉČE POSKYTOVANÉ LŮŽKOVÝMI ZDRAVOTNICKÝMI ZAŘÍZENÍMI
Authors: Přádka Miroslav , Sohlich Eduard
Published: January 2022

Pandemie COVID-19 představuje pro poskytovatele lůžkové
zdravotní péče zásadní impuls ke změně struktury poskytované
péče za situace, kdy klíčové řídící parametry (DRG systém, úhrady, regulace) vycházejí z referenčního období předcházejícího
pandemii.
Příspěvek se zabývá analýzou vynucených změn ve struktuře
a řízení poskytování zdravotní péče v již ukončeném kalendářním roce 2020 včetně hodnocení efektu kompenzačních
mechanizmů. Současně rámcově predikuje očekávané dopady
realizovaných změn v roce 2021, a to na základě principů publikovaných v příspěvcích semináře MEDSOFT v letech 2015
a 2019.
INFORMATIKA A STATISTIKA
V DOKTORANDSKÉM KURZU LF1 UK
Authors: Svačina Štěpán , Hendl Jan
Published: January 2022

Aktuálně je doktorandům Univerzity Karlovy nabízeno několik
kurzů z oblasti biomedicínské informatiky. Klíčové jsou kurzy
dva, z nichž jeden musí student volit povinně: Biomedicínské
statistiky pro doktorandy, Kurz Klinická informatika a bioinformatika. Tyto kurzy jsou přístupné všem doktrandům UK.
SYSTÉM, KTERÝ SE OSVĚDČIL – JAK DÁL S ONLINE VÝUKOU PO COVIDU
Authors: Feberová Jitka , Kofránek Jiří , Vokurka Martin
Published: January 2022

Příspěvek shrnuje zkušenosti s online výukou patologické fy -
ziologie i jejími dopady na úroveň znalostí studentů, nároky na
organizaci, zaškolení učitelů a využití různých formátů pro tvor-
bu a realizaci online výuky. Naznačuje cesty, jak využít online
výuku jako nedílnou součást prezenční výuky i v “postcovidové
době”.
Life cycle comparison of passenger air and rail transportation
Authors: Bilgili Levent , Çetinkaya Afşin , Kuzu Sadullah Levent
Published: January 2022

Air transportation has an undisputed speed advantage among all other modes. On the other hand, it is known that the environmental metrics of aviation is quite unsatisfactory compared to other transportation types due to its fuel characteristics and the amount of consumed fuel. However, it would be a wrong choice to rely solely on operational processes to make a true comparison. For this reason, a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) model should be generated by taking into account processes such as production except the operation process and the calculations should be performed with a comprehensive and holistic perspective. In this study, the environmental impacts of air and rail transport types are compared from the life cycle perspective. For this purpose, first, the emissions in the case of one passenger per one km (pkm) transportation by air and rail were calculated. Then, taking into account the production and disposal processes of the aircraft and passenger trains, the LCA cycle was completed and total emissions were calculated. SimaPro version 9.0.0.49 package program and 1.09 version of ReCiPe 2008 method were used for LCA calculations. With the help of the program, emissions generated during both production and one pkm transportation processes of an aircraft, high-speed and normal train were estimated. Accordingly, the greenhouse gas produced one pkm in air transport was 126.8 g in terms of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2eq), while CO2eq was 0.3 and 0.31 g for high-speed trains and regular trains, respectively. Considering the production processes, 2072.1, 28.72 and 19.07 t of greenhouse gases are produced, respectively for these three transportation modes.
A kolerafelkelés Magyarországon
Authors: Gócza Dominik
Published: January 2022

E tanulmány célja, hogy összefoglalja a magyarországi kolerafelkelés alapjait, jelentőségét és következményeit.
ON THE QUESTION OF NARRATIVE SENTENCES IN RUSSIAN AND CHINESE LANGUAGES
Authors: Apaeva S.H. , Lisevich A.S.
Published: January 2022

Comparison of two differently structured languages has both theoretical significance and practical significance, makes it possible to identify similar and distinctive features in them, find common points and specific phenomena, helps to penetrate deeper into the internal mechanism and understand their specifics. The subject of our comparative study is languages that are in different language families and belong to different groups, Russian and Chinese. Russian belongs to the group of inflectional languages, while Chinese belongs to the group of isolating languages. The research topic is relevant due to the fact that the number of people learning Chinese has increased. Comparison in this area contributes to a more accurate and deep mastery of a foreign language, moreover, this will allow more effective use of linguistic knowledge in translation and scientific activities.
VARIABILITY OF CLIMATICALLY ACTIVE ATMOSPHERIC IMPURITIES BASED ON THE RESULTS OF 40 YEARS OF OBSERVATIONS ON THE BASIS OF THE ISSYKKUL RESEARCH STATION (42.62N; 76.98E; 1640M) AND ON SATELLITES (SBUV)
Authors: Orozaliev M.D. , Abdyldaev A.S. , Jumabekov A.A.
Published: January 2022

Based on the results of forty years of monitoring of climatically active constituents of the atmosphere at the Issyk-Kul scientific station, a bank of experimental data was obtained, which made it possible to identify specific features in the variability of the ozone layer, greenhouse gases and aerosol components of the atmosphere over the mountainous region of Central Asia. The research results are used to correct existing and develop new models of the atmosphere, which make it possible to predict the state of the ozone layer and climate change, taking into account inland mountain effects that make a significant contribution to the thermodynamic processes of the troposphere-stratosphere.
RECREATIONAL POTENTIAL OF THE TOURIST ZONE TAKING INTO ACCOUNT NATURAL CONDITIONS (CASE STUDY: R. GANGA - RISHIKESH)
Authors: Toktoraliev E. T. , Beyshenkulova D.A. , Тoktokojoeva T.K. , Zhumasheva Z. , Zhaylobay k. Ch.
Published: January 2022

Have been studied the factors affecting the recreational potential of tourist zones. As main basics, indicators have been use: physical and environmental, socio-demographic, political and economic.
The work was finished on the scientific internships at the Indian Institute of Remote Sensing in Dehradun. For a comprehensive study of the recreational potential, field and laboratory work by using remote sensing methods.
Considered are the features of planning tourist zones. Has been studied existing scientific work in the field of recreational planning of recreation areas. Calculated the possibilities of the tourist zone Rishikesh.
FORMATION OF A PUBLIC PROCUREMENT SYSTEM AND ITS DEVELOPMENT IN THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC
Authors: Mamaeva A.B. , Derbisheva E.D. , Bebezova Z.Yu.
Published: January 2022

Public procurement takes a significant place in the state budget and is a tool for managing the country's economy. The public procurement system is constantly being modernized with the help of information and technical components, as well as changes in its legal framework. The public procurement system is constantly being modernized with the help of information and technical components, also by changing its legislation. Various interpretations of Russian scientists on public procurement are presented. This article defines the periods of development of public procurement in the Kyrgyz Republic, their significance and their differences. The transformation of public procurement is considered.
Something Odd and Something New: A Case of Shewanella putrefaciens Peritonitis and Bacteremia Treated with Intraperitoneal Cefepime
Authors: Santos Abigail , Varughese Christy , Shankaran Shivanjali
Published: January 2022

Shewanella spp. is a Gram-negative rod that is normally found in the marine environment and rarely causes illness in humans. Since the late 1970s, cases of Shewanella spp. infection have been described in the literature with a wide array of clinical syndromes and was found to be commonly seen in patients with predisposing conditions. We report a case of a 73 year old woman with end-stage renal disease on peritoneal dialysis who presented with a 3 day history of abdominal pain and was found to have Shewanella putrefaciens peritonitis complicated by bacteremia. She was treated in a novel and successful way by administration of intraperitoneal cefepime. This was further validated by adequate cefepime blood concentrations after drawing a cefepime serum level on day 8 of treatment. To the best of our knowledge, intraperitoneal antibiotic administration to treat both bacterial peritonitis and bacteremia has not been reported in the literature. This treatment approach could potentially be a good precedent for peritoneal dialysis patients needing antibiotics as a less invasive option for antibiotic administration.
A Case of Acute Fever with Thrombocytopenia: Diagnostic and Clinical Review of Acute Q Fever Infections
Authors: Scully Morgan
Published: January 2022

Q (Query) fever is a zoonotic illness caused by the bacterium Coxiella burnetti, which is transmitted to humans via host animals, usually cattle, sheep and goats. Acute Q fever often presents as a flu-like illness or atypical pneumonia that is nonspecific and often self-limiting. The identification of acute infection is clinically important due to the high morbidity and mortality associated with chronic infection. We present a case of a 43-year-old female who lived in the vicinity of cattle and goats and presented with an acute febrile illness found to be secondary to acute Q fever infection. Exposure to Q fever in the United States is frequently not associated with a classical occupational exposure and should be considered in those living in areas near to possible host animals. We discuss clinical presentation and clues to diagnosis, as well as relevant epidemiology. This case highlights important considerations for risk stratification for chronic infection and follow-up in acute Q fever patients.
Ring-Modified Triterpene Derivatives as Potential Pharmacological Active Compounds
Authors: Ulici Alexandra , Milan Andreea , Mioc Marius , Ghiulai Roxana , Racoviceanu Roxana , Șoica Codruța
Published: January 2022

Pentacyclic triterpenes represent an important class of intensively studied substances in the past two decades due to their wide spectrum of pharmacological effects. Even though this class is being thoroughly researched for the development of new drugs, to date, no representative has qualified to become a suitable candidate for various therapies. Although a large part of past and ongoing studies focuses on triterpene chemical derivatization or formulation to increase its bioavailability, other researchers are focused on obtaining semisynthetic derivatives not necessarily with increased hydrophilicity but with a superior biological effect compared to their parent compound. The current review aims to report the biological assessment of several ring-modified pentacyclic triterpene derivative series.
Effectiveness of Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF) Following Mandibular Third Molar Extraction: A Systematic Review
Authors: Rahman A.F.M. Shakilur , Jannat Tamiral
Published: January 2022

(1) Purpose: The employment of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in the extracted teeth socket has been shown to aid tissue healing. It also minimizes detrimental consequences. The rationale of this systematic review is to observe the possible association between PRF employment and postoperative consequences following mandibular third molar surgery. (2) Materials and Methods: The following databases were explored electronically (till 28 February 2021): PubMed, Cochrane library, Embase, International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP), and ClinicalTrials.gov. A manual explore was accomplished on various journals regarding the subject of oral and maxillofacial surgery. The online explore applied the keywords “platelet-rich fibrin or PRF,” and “mandibular third molar.” To review the efficiency of PRF, the accompanying post-operative consequences were collected: pain, swelling, trismus, inter-incisal distance, analgesic consumption, soft tissue healing, bone healing, socket complications, and periodontal parameters. (3) Results: Just 9 full-text studies out of 26 were comprised of review for qualitative analysis. All of the studies were randomized clinical trials (RCTs), with eight split-mouth designs and one parallel design study. Significant outcomes were usually observed for pain, postoperative swelling, mouth opening, periodontal pocket depth, soft tissue healing, and the incidence of alveolar osteitis or dry sockets, but not constantly. The qualitative scrutiny disclosed that the PRF had no considerable outcome in bone healing. (4) Conclusions: Local administration of PRF is a practical way of alleviating pain, trismus, oedema, and enhancing soft tissue healing following mandibular third molar extraction. PRF tends to have no function in bone healing following extraction. More controlled clinical trials and RCTs are necessitating exploring the end results of PRF following mandibular third molar extraction.
Maintaining a Balanced Posture by Dentists—A Challenge of the Current Practice
Authors: Pîrvu Cristina , Axante Anca , Preoteasa Cristina , Pârlătescu Ioanina , Cărămidă Mariana , Pîrvu Daniela
Published: January 2022

(1) Background: Dentistry is acknowledged as being particularly physically demanding, considering access difficulty and visibility of the operating field. The issue of posture is frequently discussed in the literature due to its significant contribution in the etiology of musculoskeletal disorders, but never enough to encourage all dentists to adopt safe, healthy working positions. (2) Methods: This article presents the arguments that justify the attention needed to be paid to the balanced posture recommended to dentists and goes further and outlines a logical model that could help in maintaining a balanced posture as much as possible during the therapeutic act. Describing the balanced posture alone has a limited practical utility, and thus we have detailed the aspects that involve the spatial relationship of the doctor with the patient sitting on the dental chair. (3) Results: An optimal working distance and postural symmetry are the main objectives to be considered, each of them being conditioned by several elements. These elements have been detailed throughout the article, always taking into account the realities of the daily practice, with its challenges and limitations. (4) Conclusions: A greater attention paid to maintaining the optimal working position provides doctors the chance to perform their activity in comfortable and safe conditions.
A Multiobjective Evolutionary Approach for Solving Large-Scale Network Reconstruction Problems via Logistic Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Ying Chaolong , Liu Jing , Wu Kai , Wang Chao
Published: January 2022

Currently, the problem of uncovering complex network structure and dynamics from time series is prominent in many fields. Despite the recent progress in this area, reconstructing large-scale networks from limited data remains a tough problem. Existing works treat connections of nodes as continuous values, leaving a challenge of setting a proper cut-off value to distinguish whether the connections exist or not. Besides, their performances on large-scale networks are far from satisfactory. Considering the reconstruction error and sparsity as two objectives, this paper proposes a subspace learning based evolutionary multiobjective network reconstruction algorithm, termed as SLEMO-NR, to solve the aforementioned problems. In the evolutionary process, we assume that binary-coded individuals obey the Bernoulli distribution and can use the probability and natural parameter as the alternative representations. Moreover, our approach utilizes the logistic principal component analysis (LPCA) to learn a subspace containing the features of network structure. The offspring solutions are generated in the learned subspace and then can be mapped back to the original space via LPCA. Benefitting from the alternative representations, a preference-based local search operator is proposed to concentrate on finding solutions approximate to the true sparsity. The experimental results on synthetic networks and six real-world networks demonstrate that, due to the well-learned network structure subspace and the preference-based strategy, our approach is effective in reconstructing large-scale networks compared to six existing methods.
Dynamics Modeling of Gear Transmissions with Asymmetric Load-Dependent Friction
Authors: Kikuuwe Ryo
Published: January 2022

This paper proposes a new concise mathematical model of gear transmission dynamics with asymmetric load-dependent friction. It is of the form of a differential-algebraic inclusion (DAI) characterized by some parameters, including input-side and output-side asymmetry coefficients. The presented model properly captures the static friction and even the non-backdrivability. It is applicable to different classes of transmissions, such as leadscrew transmissions, worm gear transmissions, and spur gear transmissions. The DAI representation is extended into a multi-dimensional representation for articulated rigid-body systems driven through joint transmissions. Moreover, simulation algorithms are derived through the implicit Euler discretization. Some simulation examples illustrate the validity of the presented representations.
Performance of Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces in the Presence of Generalized Gaussian Noise
Authors: Mohjazi Lina , Bariah Lina , muhaidat sami , Imran Muhammad Ali
Published: January 2022

In this letter, we investigate the performance of reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted communications, under the assumption of generalized Gaussian noise (GGN), over Rayleigh fading channels. Specifically, we consider an RIS, equipped with N reflecting elements, and derive a novel closed-form expression for the symbol error rate (SER) of arbitrary modulation schemes. The usefulness of the derived new expression is that it can be used to capture the SER performance in the presence of special additive noise distributions such as Gamma, Laplacian, and Gaussian noise. These special cases are also considered and their associated asymptotic SER expressions are derived, and then employed to quantify the achievable diversity order of the system. The theoretical framework is corroborated by numerical results, which reveal that the shaping parameter of the GGN (alpha) has a negligible effect on the diversity order of RIS-assisted systems, particularly for large (alpha) values. Accordingly, the maximum achievable diversity order is determined by N.
Quantum Circuit Controller
Authors: Delgado Alberto
Published: January 2022

A quantum circuit controller, parametrized quantum circuit and operator, is used in a closed loop system to control a nonlinear plant. The controller has eight parameters, the first four can be fixed beforehand (set point and control surface smoothness), the remaining four are tuned manually using a set of rules in natural language.