bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Lonely Dream
Authors: Lee Robert
Published: April 2013

THE CREATIVE ENERGY OF Eugene O'Neill flailed away in all directions. That his unceasing grapple with himself was the dynamo of his talent can no longer be doubted. The prospect of releasing his tensions attracted him to playwriting, but mature expression in him too often was blighted by his over-reliance upon recollection in white heat. He rarely was able to separate out the distorting effects of tittering overstatement, sledge-hammer repetition, and dice-loaded self-pity. Nowhere is this emotional bloodletting more apparent than in his young artist characters, the men of feelings. Like O'Neill himself, these close copies waver endlessly between engagement and disengagement in their quest for identity. Their progress is from hurt to knowledge of hurt to hurt of knowledge.

All of these fictional O'Neills, from the Poet in "Fog" to Edmund Tyrone, look and act alike. They are all tall, slender, dark-haired, dark-eyed, and long, thin-fingered. In his descriptions of them, O'Neill often distinguished between the influences of their mothers and those of their fathers. Delicate features, sensitivity, and refinement derive from the mothers, while coarseness and profligacy come from the fathers. The total make-up is thus quite heavily biased in favor of the mothers. Only Richard in Ah, Wilderness! differs from this pattern of influences. He is unique among O'Neill's artist characters in that he is "a perfect blend of father and mother." But Richard is a pre-artist, a portrait of the young artist before the fall of innocence, not a ghost-ridden O'Neill spokesman.
Toward A Poetic Of Modern Realistic Tragedy
Authors: Shwarz Alfred
Published: April 2013

THE GREAT TRADITIONAL EXAMPLES OF dramatic theory, Aristotle's Poetics, Dryden's Essay of Dramatic Poesy,Coleridge's Shakespearean criticism, were written after the fact; that is, they looked back upon a body of dramatic work which had proved its power to move and had stood up to the test of experience. In the view of these critics the tragic poet was primarily an artist, a maker, who had the skill (or even the God-given gift) to express the human comedy or tragedy in dramatic form. Therefore, the traditional poetic was largely formal in nature; it was a critical rationale of that skill or, as in Coleridge's case, an adoration of that imaginative gift.
Cuban Drama Today
Authors: Dauster Frank
Published: April 2013

WHATEVER ELSE MAY HAVE BEEN THE RESULTS OF the Cuban Revolution, it has proved to be a volatile force in the theater. Prior to 1959, drama in Cuba was in a precarious position. The gradual decay of the teatro vernáculo, a comic form similar to the sainete and based on popular types and facile humor, and the cessation of visits by the staple Spanish companies as a result of the Spanish Civil War and the worldwide economic depression of the 1930s, left Cuba almost without an organized theater of any importance. Sporadic attempts at renovation, aimed largely at the creation of a public accustomed to serious theater, were of no conspicuous success, although the new movement which began to emerge about 1954 produced a number of playwrights of interest. Chief among these were Virgilio Pifiera, a highly versatile dramatist whose chief interest is social criticism, Carlos Felipe, preoccupied with Freudianism, and a younger group composed of Nora Badia, Rolando Ferrer, Rene Buch, and Eduardo Manet, who attempted to develop a theater of psychological orientation and poetic expression. Despite the undeniable quality of much of their work, these authors wrote with little hope that their works would be staged by any other than small experimental groups. In the period 1954-1958, professional and semiprofessional Cuban companies staged only thirty plays, and many of these were inferior comedy or slapstick farce.
Bergman in the Theater
Authors: Loney Glenn
Published: April 2013

WHEN INGMAR BERGMAN BECAME General Manager of Sweden's Royal Dramatic Theatre in July 1963, there were some nasty whisperings around Stockholm. Their substance was that he was too involved with film-making to give his new post the attention it deserved. Although most of these mutterings were caused by the "Royal Swedish Envy"-a term Swedes use to designate public reaction to the success or promotion of a fellow citizen-Bergman seemed aware of his responsibilities. Accordingly, he announced that he was giving up films.

At his age and with his achievements in cinema, such a decision could well have been treated with a certain suspicion. Nonetheless, both Winter Light and The Silence, parts of a brilliant trilogy on the nature of love, had not been clearly understood nor fairly judged by many critics. When I talked with him at this time, he had just finished cutting All These Women, his first color film, which he described somewhat defensively as "a joke." Perhaps even then he sensed what the reviews would be. In short, he was more than glad to put films aside for a while.
Shaw's Collected Letters
Authors: Carpenter Charles
Published: April 2013

The most vigorous and efficient of the earnest Victorians, Bernard Shaw spent his nineteenth-century years piling up credits toward the one mark of renown that everyone was willing to grant him by 1898: his reputation as "the ubiquitous G.B.S." He proclaimed in 1889: "My business is to incarnate the Zeitgeist"; and perhaps no writer before him had so resolutely and conspicuously moved like the Zeitgeist itself.
Yeats On The Possibility Of An English Poetic Drama
Authors: Sena Vinod
Published: April 2013

THE PATTERNS OF EDUCATION developed in any age and the value judgements subsumed by them usually have a direct bearing on the conscious ambitions and strivings of the writers of the time. The wide dissemination of the Latin classics encouraged the men of the Restoration and the eighteenth century to lay a premium on heroic poetry that to us seems strange for an age otherwise so unheroic. Likewise, the taking of Shakespeare and his contemporaries to the schoolroom and the steady rise in their reputations have bred through the last century and a half an almost unending succession of experimental verse-plays and an ever-increasing body of critical writing on the nature of poetic drama and its possibilities in our time. Caught in this literary-educational context, the contemporary Western student of English literature may fail to observe anything unusual; but to the outsider it does seem odd that an age which produced The Waste Land, Finnegans Wake and the Cantos, should yet be so acutely interested in the revival of poetic drama, its interest with some almost amounting to a psychological fixation.
Overviews: Acting For Beckett
Authors: Cohn Ruby
Published: April 2013

SAMUEL BECKETT'S ABSORPTION in the performing. arts has been profound and sustained. In Dublin, he went to the Abbey, in London to the music-hall, in Paris to the little theaters. Today, a friend of theater people, he sees their work where he lives or visits. His poem, Whoroscope, is a dramatic monologue. After writing his first novel, Murphy, he took copious notes for a. play about the Dr. Johnson-Mrs . Thrale relationship, which, however, he did not write. After World War II, Beckett turned almost simultaneously to fiction and drama—in French. Eleutheria, unpublished and unproduced, precedes the Godot which made him famous, and which involved him directly in theatrical production. At first. a silent observer during rehearsals, he has now directed Godot and Endgame in English, Play in French, and Eh Joe in German. Early this year, his sixtieth, he wrote me that he had been busy with "14 weeks nonstop theatre cinema and TV." To this day, then, the performing arts continue to fascinate him even though he views them as a gregarious game, an evasion of the lone exploration of fiction.
Beckett And The Spirit Of The Commedia dell'Arte
Authors: Kern Edith
Published: April 2013

By ITS VERY OBSTINACY TO LET ITSELF BE CLASSIFIED with regard to its content, Beckett's theater provokes ever new labels and classifications. With regard to its theatricality, classification seems equally tempting and equally prone to encounter obstacles. Thus one is inclined to see this theater as part of the Commedia dell'Arte tradition, although it utilizes none of the Commedia's most obvious features: its improvisation or its stock characters in their traditional orchestration. What seems to justify this classification are the traces of the very spirit of the Commedia dell'Arte that are to be observed in Beckett's plays: its lazzi, that is, its stage business; something of its attitude towards language; and above all, its preference for grotesque stylization at the total expense of verisimilitude and probability.
A Note On The Structure Of Lucky's Speech
Authors: Arkins Anselm
Published: April 2013

LUCKY'S TORRENT OF WORDS IN Waiting for Godot is a carefully wrought poetic structure. It divides into three distinct parts. The first, which ends with the phrase "better than nothing," is the unfinished protasis of a theological or philosophical argument presented in the rationalistic geometrical mode of Descartes and Spinoza. Given the existence of God, then . ... Every word in this part, with the exception of the scholastic duck-quacks, is part of a coherent syntaxth— skeleton of which has been identified by Ruby Cohn.
The Beginning Of Endgame
Authors: Cohen Ruby
Published: April 2013

THE FIRST PRINTED MENTION OF Endgame occurs in a note from Beckett to Alan Schneider, subsequently published in The Village Voice of March 19, 1958. On December 27, 1955, from his "shelter" near the Marne River, Beckett wrote that he was "struggling with a play." After Beckett heard of the harsh reviews of Schneider's production of Waiting for Godot the playwright tried to comfort the director in his letter of January II, 1956, and he added, "I am writing an even worse affair and have got down the gist of the first act (of two)." Beckett's April 12 letter to Schneider expresses dissatisfaction with the play, which its author compares to a three-legged giraffe that should have a leg taken off or added on. By June 21, the amputation was completed, for Beckett informs Schneider: "Have at last written another, one act, longish, hour and a quarter I fancy."

Today, Beckett tends to speak nostalgically of his five-year period of free-flowing creation (1946-50), during which he produced the bulk of his works. Since that time, he has found writing an increasingly arduous task. The French original of Endgame (Fin de partie) is the first product of that difficult time that extends to today. And yet, the manuscript in the Ohio State University library shows little evidence of his "struggle." What is evident is the single giant step by which the "three-legged giraffe" achieved equilibrium in Fin de partie.
The Symbolic Structure Of Samuel Beckett's All That Fall
Authors: Alpaugh David
Published: April 2013

THE PLOT OF SAMUEL BECKETT'S RADIO PLAY All That Fall may seem to be scanty. In a little Irish village, Mrs. Maddy Rooney works her way painfully to the Boghill Station to meet her husband Dan, who is returning from work on his birthday. The train is fifteen minutes late. After its arrival, Dan and Maddy work their tortuous way home. When Maddy asks him why the train was late, Dan answers with an evasive discourse on the horror of living. In the closing minutes of the play, Jerry, a small boy, overtakes the Rooneys. He has been sent by the station-master to return a mysterious ball which Mr. Rooney left behind at the station. Maddy asks why the train was late, and Jerry explains that a little child fell out of the carriage, under the wheels.
Beckett's Play Between Poetry And Performance
Authors: Hubert Renée
Published: April 2013

WHEN VIEWING BECKETI'S PLAYS IN chronological order, one notices that the characters' mobility and the impact of natural lights tend to decrease. This points not only to a diminuendo of dramatic illusion and realism but also to a gradual moving towards the zone where death impinges on life. Hamm, Clov, Nell and Nagg are more severely handicapped than Vladimir and Estragon, or even than Pozzo and Lucky during the second act of Godot. Hamm of Endgame can be moved around in his wheelchair whereas Winnie of Happy Days is buried up to her waist in Act I, up to her neck in Act II. In Play only the heads of the three nameless characters M, WI and W2 emerge from the urns which suggest death even more than the scorched land of Happy Days.
Japanese Idea Of A Theatre
Authors: Ueda
Published: April 2013

TODAY'S JAPAN HAS TWO TYPES OF DRAMA: the classical and the "new." The classical theatre includes the No, the Comic Interlude (no kyogen), the Puppet Theatre (joruri) and the Kabuki. The "new" theatre was created in the early twentieth century on the model of modem Western drama and has developed under the influence of Ibsen, Maeterlinck, Chekhov and Strindberg. Naturally the Japanese idea of a theatre is far more manifest in the former type, although it has entered into the latter, too, with some subtle modifications. In the following pages I shall try to outline this Japanese concept of a theatre as it emerges from the remarks of some prominent actors and playwrights in the past. It will center upon five major issues of dramatic art: 1) life versus drama, 2) affective response of the drama, 3) two major dramatic forms-tragedy and comedy, 4) internal structure of the drama, and 5) the use of drama.
Medieval Artistic Elements In Japanese Folk Theater
Authors: Araki James
Published: April 2013

THE PERFORMING ARTS OF JAPAN THAT MIGHT BE TREATED under the topic, folk theater, are many in kind and diversified in content. Published reports in most instances provide us with a panorama of folk arts which are being performed in hundreds of localities. Details that would enable us to gauge the esthetic effect, audience reaction, and so forth are seldom given. The topic of folk theater is treated in breadth, and only rarely does one see a descriptive study in depth of anyone form. This state of affairs reflects the direction being taken by Japanese specialists in this area; and this direction has been dictated by the urgency to survey and record as many of the extant folk performing arts as possible, for these arts have been disappearing at an alarming rate. The phase of preliminary survey and cataloguing seems to have been completed, and we now look forward hopefully to detailed analytical studies, without which one could not formulate general statements with regard to social, artistic, or whatever dimensions may be implicit in Japanese folk theatre as a whole.
HUNG TENG CHI: THE RED LANTERN. An Example Of Contemporary Chinese Dramatic Experimentation
Authors: Scott
Published: April 2013

THE FOLLOWING COMMENTS ARE OFFERED IN THE HOPE that they may help to throw a little objective light on what has been an obscure field of study. The theater has remained one of the more neglected Chinese artistic forms if only for the reason that few Westerners, especially theater people, have had the opportunity for close contact with first class performances. In the Chinese as in any theater only immediate experience continually indulged can provide the knowledge from which understanding and appreciation are derived. This experience has been denied a majority of Western people compelled to accept the old exotic generalizations handed down ad nauseam. Practical experience has most often been limited to the hybrid displays of Chinatown or the unskilled performances of expatriate amateurs. Small wonder that the Chinese theater has remained remote in Western conception and if that is true of the past it is doubly so today. Communist attempts to "reform" the traditional Peking opera, so called, have made copy for the popular Western press in recent years although little real information has been offered the enquiring reader. With communication between China and the West at the present dismal levels it is only possible for most of us to follow Chinese theatrical activities from afar and through secondary sources.
Morl Ogai: Three Plays And The Problem Of Identity
Authors: Motofuji Frank
Published: April 2013

EVERY MAJOR WRITER IN JAPAN SINCE 1868 has written with one overwhelming fact impinging upon his consciousness: the shattering impact of the West upon traditional values and the concomitant necessity for making an adjustment to this situation. (Even when the works of certain writers like Higuchi Ichiyo, Tanizaki Jun'ichiro, and Kawabata Yasunari reflect little or nothing of this dislocation, there is implied in their activity within areas free of this confrontation. the choice of rejecting, for whatever reason, the alien part of the new hybrid culture.) For Japan, only the defeat in World War II was more traumatic than the reopening of the country after its withdrawal into isolation in 1639 with only a minimal contact with the rest of the world. When the importunities of the Western powers could no longer be put off and the Tokugawa shogunate entered into unilateral treaties with foreign nations, its opponents, rallying around the emperor, quickly established a battle line that brought down the house that had been the political ruler for 265 years. The rallying cry of the anti-shogunate forces had been "Revere the emperor and expel the barbarians," but it was ironically under the new emperor Meiji (r. 1868-1912) that Japan turned to the West for assistance in modernization when the new leaders realized with a sense of urgency the need for overcoming the backwardness of their nation. Convulsive political, economic, and social reforms delivered Japan painfully into the modern world.
The Social Role Of Popular Theater Of Southeast Asia
Authors: Chen David
Published: April 2013

IN SOUTHEAST ASIA, THEATER HAS EVOLVED within three main traditions: a folk tradition, a court tradition, and a popular tradition. Looked at in historical terms folk theater began in the dim pre-historic past, court theater developed and flourished between the tenth and the nineteenth centuries, while popular theater is a product, by and large, of the twentieth century. These traditions mutually influenced each other to a very great extent, and often a theater form which evolved within one tradition was taken over into another tradition. Recognizing that these traditions are not wholly distinct from each other, nevertheless it is useful to compare their general characteristics in order to arrive at an understanding of the unique role which theater in the popular tradition plays in Southeast Asian society.
Nakamura Kichizo's A Vicarage (1910) And Ibsen
Authors: Sato
Published: April 2013

AFTER THE INTRODUCTION OF Ibsen into Japan a number of young Japanese playwrights wrote plays in the Ibsen manner. Some of them learned Ibsen's dramatic technique, while others borrowed Ibsen's ideas and skillfully reproduced them in their own plays with Japanese background. Nakamura Kichizo (1877-1941) was one of those writers. However, the difference between others and Nakamura is that the former knew Ibsen in Japan only, while the latter became familiar with Ibsen in countries other than his own.
Book Reviews
Authors: O'Neill  , Withey Joseph , Wells Henry , Tsuruta Kinya , Ernst Earle , Floyd Giles , Wellwarth George , King Walter , Houghton Norris , Orel Harold , Greene Anne , Miller Jordan , Federman Raymond , Cerovski John , Crafton Allen
Published: April 2013

Henry W. Wells,ed., Asian Drama: A Collection Of Festival Papers,, reviewed by P.G. O'Neill

Balwant Gargi, Folk Theater Of India, reviewed by Henry W. Wells

Kenneth Sein and Jospeh A. Withey, The Great Po Sein: A Chronicle Of The Burmese Theatre, reviewed by Kenneth Sein and Jospeh A. Withey

Shigetoshi Kawatake, Nippon Engeki Bunkashiwa (Episodes From The History Of The Japanese Theater), reviewed by Kinya Tsuruta

Ruth M. Shaver, Kabuki Costume, reviewed by Earle Ernst

Richard N. Coe, R. F. Jackson, Lawrence Ryan, Ross Chambers, and Peter Davison, Aspects Of Drama And The Theatre, reviewed by Giles Floyd

Philip Weissman, Creativity In The Theatre: A Psychoanalytic Study, reviewed by George E. Wellwarth

Karl S. Guthke, Modern Tragicomedy, reviewed by Walter N. King

Norris Houghton, The Library And Museum Of The Performing Arts And Contemporary Theatre Architecture, reviewed by Norris Houghton

Robin Skelton and David R. Clark ed., Irish Renaissance, reviewed by Harold Orel

Helen L. Luyben, James Bridie: Clown And Philosopher, reviewed by Anne Greene

Frederic I. Carpenter, Eugene O'Neill, reviewed by Jordan Y. Miller

John Harvey, Anouilh: A Study In Theatrics, reviewed by Raymond Federman

Nelvin Vos, The Drama Of Comedy: Victim And Victor, reviewed by John Cerovski

Charles McGaw, Acting Is Believing: A Basic Method, 2nd Ed, reviewed by Allen Crafton
Impact of Vacancies on Diffusive and Pseudodiffusive Electronic Transport in Graphene
Authors: Cresti Alessandro , Louvet Thibaud , Ortmann Frank , Van Tuan Dinh , Lenarczyk Paweł , Huhs Georg , Roche Stephan
Published: April 2013

We present a survey of the effect of vacancies on quantum transport in graphene, exploring conduction regimes ranging from tunnelling to intrinsic transport phenomena. Vacancies, with density up to 2%, are distributed at random either in a balanced manner between the two sublattices or in a totally unbalanced configuration where only atoms sitting on a given sublattice are randomly removed. Quantum transmission shows a variety of different behaviours, which depend on the specific system geometry and disorder distribution. The investigation of the scaling laws of the most significant quantities allows a deep physical insight and the accurate prediction of their trend over a large energy region around the Dirac point.
Coordination Programming of Photofunctional Molecules
Authors: Sakamoto Ryota , Kusaka Shinpei , Hayashi Mikihiro , Nishikawa Michihiro , Nishihara Hiroshi
Published: April 2013

Our recent achievements relating to photofunctional molecules are addressed. Section 1 discloses a new concept of photoisomerization. Pyridylpyrimidine-copper complexes undergo a ring inversion that can be modulated by the redox state of the copper center. In combination with an intermolecular photoelectron transfer (PET) initiated by the metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) transition of the Cu(I) state, we realize photonic regulation of the ring inversion. Section 2 reports on the first examples of heteroleptic bis(dipyrrinato)zinc(II) complexes. Conventional homoleptic bis(dipyrrinato)zinc(II) complexes suffered from low fluorescence quantum yields, whereas the heteroleptic ones feature bright fluorescence even in polar solvents. Section 3 describes our new findings on Pechmann dye, which was first synthesized in 1882. New synthetic procedures for Pechmann dye using dimethyl bis(arylethynyl)fumarate as a starting material gives rise to its new structural isomer. We also demonstrate potentiality of a donor-acceptor-donor type of Pechmann dye in organic electronics.
A Wireless and Batteryless Microsystem with Implantable Grid Electrode/3-Dimensional Probe Array for ECoG and Extracellular Neural Recording in Rats
Authors: Chang Chih-Wei , Chiou Jin-Chern
Published: April 2013

This paper presents the design and implementation of an integrated wireless microsystem platform that provides the possibility to support versatile implantable neural sensing devices in free laboratory rats. Inductive coupled coils with low dropout regulator design allows true long-term recording without limitation of battery capacity. A 16-channel analog front end chip located on the headstage is designed for high channel account neural signal conditioning with low current consumption and noise. Two types of implantable electrodes including grid electrode and 3D probe array are also presented for brain surface recording and 3D biopotential acquisition in the implanted target volume of tissue. The overall system consumes less than 20 mA with small form factor, 3.9 × 3.9 cm2 mainboard and 1.8 × 3.4 cm2 headstage, is packaged into a backpack for rats. Practical in vivo recordings including auditory response, brain resection tissue and PZT-induced seizures recording demonstrate the correct function of the proposed microsystem. Presented achievements addressed the aforementioned properties by combining MEMS neural sensors, low-power circuit designs and commercial chips into system-level integration.
Survival and Integration of Neurons Derived from Human Embryonic Stem Cells in MPTP-Lesioned Primates
Authors: Wakeman Dustin R. , Weiss Stephanie , Sladek John R. , Elsworth John D. , Bauereis Brian , Leranth Csaba , Hurley Patrick J. , Roth Robert H. , Redmond D. Eugene
Published: April 2013

A human embryonic stem cell (HESC) line, H1, was studied after differentiation to a dopaminergic phenotype in vitro in order to carry out in vivo studies in Parkinsonian monkeys. To identify morphological characteristics of transplanted donor cells, HESCs were transfected with a GFP lentiviral vector. Gene expression studies were performed at each step of a neural rosette-based dopaminergic differentiation protocol by RT-PCR. In vitro immunofluorescence revealed that >90% of the differentiated cells exhibited a neuronal phenotype by β-III-tubulin immunocytochemistry, with 17% of the cells coexpressing tyrosine hydroxylase prior to implantation. Biochemical analyses demonstrated dopamine release in culture in response to potassium chloride-induced membrane depolarization, suggesting that the cells synthesized and released dopamine. These characterized, HESC-derived neurons were then implanted into the striatum and midbrain of MPTP (1-methyl-4- phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine)-exposed monkeys that were triple immunosuppressed. Here we demonstrate robust survival of transplanted HESC-derived neurons after 6 weeks, as well as morphological features consistent with polarization, organization, and extension of processes that integrated into the host striatum. Expression of the dopaminergic marker tyrosine hydroxylase was not maintained in HESC-derived neural grafts in either the striatum or substantia nigra, despite a neuronal morphology and expression of β-III-tubulin. These results suggest that dopamine neuronal cells derived from neuroectoderm in vitro will not maintain the correct midbrain phenotype in vivo in nonhuman primates, contrasted with recent studies showing dopamine neuronal survival using an alternative floorplate method.
Efficiency of Statin Treatment on EPC Recruitment Depends on Baseline EPC Titer and Does Not Improve Angiographic Outcome in Coronary Artery Disease Patients Treated with the Genous™ Stent
Authors: Den Dekker Wijnand K. , Houtgraaf Jaco H. , Rowland Stephen M. , Ligtenberg Erik , De Boer Sanneke P. M. , De Jong Renate , De Winter Robbert J. , Den Heijer Peter , Zijlstra Felix , Serruys Patrick W. , Cheng Caroline , Duckers Henricus J.
Published: April 2013

The objective of this study was to assess the effect of high-dose atorvastatin treatment on endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) recruitment and angiographic and clinical outcome in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients treated with the Genous™ EPC-capturing stent. The HEALING IIB study was a multicenter, open-label, prospective trial that enrolled 100 patients. Patients were started on 80 mg atorvastatin qd, at least 2 weeks before the index procedure and continued for at least 4 weeks after the index procedure. Eighty-seven patients were included in this analysis. EPC levels significantly increased as early as 2 weeks after the start of atorvastatin. Remarkably, among this group, 31 patients proved to be nonresponders to atorvastatin treatment (i.e., no increase in EPC levels), while 56 patients were responders (i.e., rise in EPC count between week −2 and 0). Compared to responders, nonresponders had a significantly higher baseline EPC count (76 ± 10 vs. 41 ± 5, p < 0.01) with a lower late luminal loss (LLL) at 6- and 18-month follow-up (FU) (0.61 ± 0.07 vs. 0.88 ± 0.08, p < 0.05, and 0.50 ± 0.08 vs. 0.82 ± 0.08, p < 0.01 respectively). Furthermore, baseline EPC count was inversely correlated with LLL at 6-month FU ( R = −0.42, p < 0.001). Patients with a higher EPC count at baseline showed no increase in EPC recruitment in response to statin treatment but had favorable LLL at 6- and 18-month FU, whereas patients with lower EPC count were responsive to statin therapy, but EPCs might be less functional as they had higher LLL at 6- and 18-month FU. These data imply that although statin treatment can enhance EPC titer in patients with low baseline levels, there is no indication for a possible beneficial clinical effect with EPC capture stents.
Architecture organisationnelle et politique d'investissement : une illustration à travers une double méthodologie empirique
Authors: Luangsay-Catelin Carine
Published: April 2013

Cette recherche a pour but de tenter d’expliquer le comportement des firmes en matière d’investissement. Pour cela, elle met en évidence l’influence de l’architecture organisationnelle (répartition de l’autorité et contrôles associés) d’une firme en vue d’aboutir à une politique d’investissement efficace à travers une double méthodologie à caractère qualitatif et quantitatif.
La prudence comptable : perspectives historique et théorique
Authors: Saboly Michèle
Published: April 2013

Le système comptable continental traditionnel est fondé notamment sur le principe de prudence. Celui-ci paraît aujourd’hui menacé par les textes comptables les plus récents. Le premier objectif de cet article est d’évaluer si on assiste à l’effacement prochain d’une pratique apparue depuis plusieurs siècles, le second objectif est d’envisager qui y a intérêt. L’examen de l’évolution des pratiques et des idées sur la prudence permet de cerner la réalité des menaces qui pèsent sur elle et les enjeux de sa contestation. Cet examen porte sur le développement de la prudence dans les pratiques comptables, puis sur les justifications et interprétations fournies par la pensée comptable. Le rôle que joue la prudence dans la régulation des rapports sociaux autour du capital permet de s’interroger sur les gagnants et les perdants de cette nouvelle donne entre les acteurs comptables.
L'impact des informations comptables sur les rendements boursiers : étude de trois événements sur le marché français
Authors: Elleuch Sarra
Published: April 2013

Cet article a pour objectif d’identifier la réaction des investisseurs à la publication d’informations comptables par les entreprises françaises. Les résultats mettent en évidence la présence d’un effet significatif des résultats annuels et semestriels. En revanche, la publication des comptes annuels ne semble avoir aucun contenu informatif significatif.
Gestion des ressources humaines et performance économique : une étude du bilan social
Authors: Decock Good Christel , Georges Laurent
Published: April 2013

Cette recherche examine l’impact de pratiques de gestion des ressources humaines (le climat social, les politiques de rémunération et de formation et les conditions de travail, la structure de l’emploi) sur la performance de l’entreprise. Les résultats sont fondés sur un échantillon national de cinquante-huit entreprises. Le modèle structurel démontre un pouvoir prédictif des dépenses de formation et des conditions de travail.
Les enjeux du discours scientifique : la stratégie de véridiction
Authors: Martin Jacky
Published: April 2013

Cet article propose, à la suite des travaux des sociologues de la science, un nouveau corps d’hypothèses de nature à rendre compte des fondements sociocognitifs du discours scientifique. L’analyse de la stratégie de véridiction est esquissée à propos d’un article de Science dans le domaine immunologique.
La force et la couleur des rêves selon Hervey de Saint-Denys
Authors: Carroy Jacqueline
Published: April 2013

Cet article développe l’exemple d’un « livre de rêve » bien connu, Les rêves et les moyens de les diriger. Observations pratiques (1867) et de la figure de son auteur, le sinologue et « savant rêveur » Léon d’Hervey de Saint Denys. Il décrit la carrière académique d’Hervey et compare ses traductions et ses récits de rêve. Il analyse enfin le genre littéraire et scientifique de l’ouvrage.
Chemins et itinéraires
Authors: Dusserre Aurélia
Published: April 2013

L’écriture de soi est une des normes du récit d’exploration : le narrateur fait part de son expérience, pleinement constitutive de l’entreprise d’exploration. L’usage du « je » revêt des valeurs différentes en fonction des contraintes du terrain et des contextes, comme le montre l’exemple du Maroc précolonial. Les nouvelles exigences scientifiques tendent à demander au narrateur de s’effacer derrière une description attendue comme objective. L’explorateur est encouragé à s’adapter au terrain, notamment pour faire face à des situations dangereuses. Il peut faire le choix du déguisement, qui, paradoxalement, révèle le mieux sa subjectivité. La mise en scène des pratiques de l’enquête se diversifie au tournant du XXe siècle, le langage photographique permettant au voyageur d’endosser de nouveaux costumes.
Identité professionnelle et récit de soi
Authors: Renaudet Isabelle
Published: April 2013

Centré sur l’étude d’un livre autobiographique rédigé en 1904 par le Dr Ricardo Botey (Algo referente a mi personalidad. Auto-estudio médico, psicológico y cientifíco) cet article s’interroge sur l’enchevêtrement des récits qui le constituent. Il tente de démêler la part du récit de soi et celle du discours scientifique dans les processus d’écriture. Cette imbrication entre confession intime et témoignage sur la culture professionnelle du groupe auquel l’auteur appartient, est analysée notamment à partir du discours que Botey tient sur son corps.
Souffrir, panser, aimer
Authors: Mouysset Sylvie
Published: April 2013

Au cœur des écrits du for privé, les femmes évoquent parfois leur corps souffrant, plus souvent celui des autres. La question du genre est-elle pertinente ici ? L’expression de la douleur fait-elle émerger des comportements sexués face à la maladie et à la mort ? S’ils existent, ceux-ci méritent d’être étudiés dans leurs spécificités comme dans leur évolution prévisible, du XVe au XIXe siècle. L’inventaire du GDR sur les écrits du for privé met à notre disposition un corpus de plusieurs centaines de livres de raison, journaux et mémoires. Peu nous viennent des femmes. Nous écouterons donc aussi bien les mémorialistes célèbres que la voix ténue d’écrivaines sans qualité. Une écriture des femmes est-elle possible ? Quelles sont les modalités de l’écriture de la souffrance ? En quoi est-elle un moyen d’appréhension de soi et d’autrui ?
Intestinal CCL11 and Eosinophilic Inflammation Is Regulated by Myeloid Cell–Specific RelA/p65 in Mice
Authors: Waddell Amanda , Ahrens Richard , Tsai Yi-Ting , Sherrill Joseph D. , Denson Lee A. , Steinbrecher Kris A. , Hogan Simon P.
Published: April 2013

In inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), particularly ulcerative colitis, intestinal macrophages (MΦs), eosinophils, and the eosinophil-selective chemokine CCL11, have been associated with disease pathogenesis. MΦs, a source of CCL11, have been reported to be of a mixed classical (NF-κB–mediated) and alternatively activated (STAT-6–mediated) phenotype. The importance of NF-κB and STAT-6 pathways to the intestinal MΦ/CCL11 response and eosinophilic inflammation in the histopathology of experimental colitis is not yet understood. Our gene array analyses demonstrated elevated STAT-6– and NF-κB–dependent genes in pediatric ulcerative colitis colonic biopsies. Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) exposure induced STAT-6 and NF-κB activation in mouse intestinal F4/80+CD11b+Ly6Chi (inflammatory) MΦs. DSS-induced CCL11 expression, eosinophilic inflammation, and histopathology were attenuated in RelA/p65Δmye mice, but not in the absence of STAT-6. Deletion of p65 in myeloid cells did not affect inflammatory MΦ recruitment or alter apoptosis, but did attenuate LPS-induced cytokine production (IL-6) and Ccl11 expression in purified F4/80+CD11b+Ly6Chi inflammatory MΦs. Molecular and cellular analyses revealed a link between expression of calprotectin (S100a8/S100a9), Ccl11 expression, and eosinophil numbers in the DSS-treated colon. In vitro studies of bone marrow–derived MΦs showed calprotectin-induced CCL11 production via a p65-dependent mechanism. Our results indicate that myeloid cell–specific NF-κB–dependent pathways play an unexpected role in CCL11 expression and maintenance of eosinophilic inflammation in experimental colitis. These data indicate that targeting myeloid cells and NF-κB–dependent pathways may be of therapeutic benefit for the treatment of eosinophilic inflammation and histopathology in IBD.
The Influence of T Cell Ig Mucin-3 Signaling on Central Nervous System Autoimmune Disease Is Determined by the Effector Function of the Pathogenic T Cells
Authors: Lee Sarah Y. , Goverman Joan M.
Published: April 2013

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory, demyelinating disease of the CNS mediated by self-reactive, myelin-specific T cells. Both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells play important roles in the pathogenesis of MS. MS is studied using experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model mediated by myelin-specific T cells. T cell Ig mucin-3 (Tim-3) is a cell surface receptor expressed on CD4+ IFN-γ–secreting Th1 cells, and triggering Tim-3 signaling ameliorated EAE by inducing death in pathogenic Th1 cells in vivo. This suggested that enhancing Tim-3 signaling might be beneficial in patients with MS. However, Tim-3 is also expressed on activated CD8+ T cells, microglia, and dendritic cells, and the combined effect of manipulating Tim-3 signaling on these cell types during CNS autoimmunity is unknown. Furthermore, CD4+ IL-17–secreting Th17 cells also play a role in MS, but do not express high levels of Tim-3. We investigated Tim-3 signaling in EAE models that include myelin-specific Th17, Th1, and CD8+ T cells. We found that preventing Tim-3 signaling in CD4+ T cells altered the inflammatory pattern in the CNS due to differential effects on Th1 versus Th17 cells. In contrast, preventing Tim-3 signaling during CD8+ T cell–mediated EAE exacerbated disease. We also analyzed the importance of Tim-3 signaling in EAE in innate immune cells. Tim-3 signaling in dendritic cells and microglia did not affect the manifestation of EAE in these models. These results indicate that the therapeutic efficacy of targeting Tim-3 in EAE is dependent on the nature of the effector T cells contributing to the disease.
Model Joint Business Group Based Knowledge for Fishermen Community Empowerment Strategies (Case Study of Business Diversification on Solid Capture Region Cirebon City)
Authors: Soeprijadi Liliek , Yuli Endang , Susilo Edi , Rudianto Rudianto
Published: April 2013

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of public capital fishing, fish processing business and micro-business skills to the programs and activities of the agency joint venture (KUB) coastal fishing town of Cirebon: to analyze the effect of public capital fishing, fish processing business and micro-enterprise skills through the agency the joint venture (KUB) fisherman exchange coastal fishing town of Cirebon: to analyze the effect of public capital fishing, fish processing business and micro-enterprise skills through a joint venture group institutions (KUB) and exchange fishing to conservation of fish resources in the coastal city of Cirebon , and to formulate a model of the joint venture (KUB) knowledge as a strategy of empowerment of fishing communities in the city of Cirebon. Analysis of regression weights measurement models with business groups (KUB) based knowledge as a fishing community empowerment strategy was as follows: capital fishing communities and micro-enterprise skills significantly influence the institutional joint venture (KUB) Cirebon fishermen. While the fish processing business variables didn’t significantly influence the institutional joint venture (KUB) Cirebon fishermen; stock fishing communities, fish processing business and micro-enterprise skills together through the institution of the joint venture (KUB) fisherman significant effect on the value of rate of coastal fishing town of Cirebon. While the partial correlation between public capital fishing, fish processing business and micro-enterprise skills exchange coastal fishing town of Cirebon was not significant; stock fishing communities, fish processing business and micro-enterprise skills together through the institution of the joint venture (KUB) and exchange rates have a significant effect fishing conservation of coastal fish resources Cirebon. While the partial correlation between public capital fishing, fish processing business and micro-business skills for the preservation of coastal fishery resources Cirebon was not significant, and KUB institutional model based knowledge capital in the form of fishing communities, fish processing business and micro-enterprise skills through a strategy of empowerment fishing communities significantly influence conservation of fish resources in coastal city of Cirebon.
Tax Payers’ Attitude and Compliance Behavior among Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Botswana
Authors: Nkwe Nugi
Published: April 2013

In the framework of this study, an attempt to identify the level of taxpayers’ attitudes and tax compliance behaviour towards tax systems, to identify factors which influence taxpayers’ attitudes, to establish relationship between attitudes and tax compliance behaviour and to recommend ways that may contribute to development of enhanced taxpayers’ attitudes and compliance behaviour among Small Medium Enterprises in Botswana. This research was a survey whose data is collected from two hundred taxpayers in Small Medium Enterprises. After the data was collected, it was analyzed using descriptive statistics then summarized and presented using statistical tools. From the findings, the conclusionis that taxpayer’ attitudes do affect their compliance behaviour and recommendations weremade to try andhelp these SMEs.
Wage Differentials and Their Determinants in US Tourism and Tourism-Associated Industries
Authors: Webster Allan
Published: April 2013

This paper examines variations in wages for tourism and tourism-associated industries in the USA for the period 2004–2009. It critically assesses the extent to which tourism and tourism-associated activities conform to their low-wage stereotype and finds this to be true in general, but not universally. It then considers the possibility that wages in US tourism and tourism-associated industries can be explained by observable characteristics of these industries. Recent research suggests that the use of wage data at the level of highly detailed occupations is an effective alternative to other ways of capturing underlying skill differences. Accordingly, data from the US Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) were used to provide this detail. The results strongly support the importance of difference in wages between occupations in understanding differences between industries. They also support the importance of a number of industry characteristics, including profitability, multi-factor productivity and demand growth. The paper also considers the relevance of an industry wage premium or discount for tourism and tourism-associated activities in the USA over the same period. It estimates an industry wage model separately for five individual occupations across all industries that employ for the occupation concerned. The analysis shows that workers in the two more highly paid occupations exhibit evidence of a tourism and tourism-associated discount but that workers in the three more lowly paid occupations exhibit a tourism and tourism-associated wage premium.
Humans and Dolphins: An Exploration of Anthropocentrism in Applied Environmental Ethics
Authors: White Thomas I.
Published: April 2013

This article argues that one of the reasons that the unethical character of much human-dolphin contact is not more apparent to ethicists is that discussion of central issues has been colored with unintentional species bias. This article points out weaknesses in the traditional approach to discussing topics that bear on the question of whether dolphins have moral standing. It demonstrates that discussions of the cognitive abilities of dolphins by Steven Wise and Alasdair MacIntyre are unintentionally but fundamentally anthropocentric-largely because the authors are not familiar with enough of the scientific literature about dolphins to draw the conclusions that they do.
The acropetal effects of indole-3-acetic acid in isolated shoot segments of Acer pseudoplatanus L. II. Possible regulation by a vectorial fieid of auxin waves
Authors: Adamczyk Jacek A.
Published: April 2013

The acropetal effects of auxin on elongation of axillary buds and on modulation of the wave-like pattern of basipetal efflux of natural auxin to agar from Acer pseudoplatanus L. shoots were studied. When synthetic IAA was applied to cut surfaces of one of two branches the elongation growth of buds situated on the opposite branch was retarded, suggesting regulation independent of the direct action of the molecules of the applied IAA. Oscillations in basipetal transport of natural auxin along the stem segments were observed corroborating the results of other authors using different tree species. Apical application of synthetic IAA for 1 hour to the lateral branch caused a phase shift of the wave-like pattern of basipetal efflux of natural auxin, when the stem segment above the treated branch was sectioned. The same effect was observed evoked by the laterally growing branch which is interpreted as an effect of natural auxin produced by the actively growing shoot. These modulations could be propagated acropetally at a rate excluding direct action of auxin molecules at the sites of measurement. The results seem to corroborate the hypothesis suggesting that auxin is involved in acropetal regulation of shoot apex growth through its effect upon modulation of the vectorial field which arises when the auxin-waves translocate in cambium.
Synantropization indices of urban floras: an attempt at definition and assessment
Authors: Sudnik-Wójcikowska Barbara
Published: April 2013

The objective of this paper is to present the principle and results of selecting floristic parameters which best reflect the effects of different intensity and duration of anthropopressure within the borders of a large urban agglomeration (exemplified by Warsaw). Those parameters which in particular take into account such quantities as, for example, the percentage of kenophytes, therophytes-newcomers, permanently established synanthropes and so on, make it possible to assess the degree of advancement of flora synanthropization, including its temporal aspect. The results indicate that the selected parameters (especially their 3- or 6-component complexes) could also be of importance as indices of flora synanthropization in other cities, when floristic lists from different anthropopressure zones within each city are compared.
Morphological anomalies in pea (Pisum sativum L. cv. Hamil.) pollen grains under high doses of zinc
Authors: Weryszko-Chmielewska Elżbieta , Stpiczyńska Małgorzata , Michońska Magdalena
Published: April 2013

The morphology of pea (Pisum sativum L. cv. Hamil.) pollen grains was studied after adding zinc to the substrate in doses of. 0, 1, 500 and 1000 mg/pot. The observations were carried out using both light and scanning electron microscopy. The largest pollen grains were found at a dose of 500 mg/pot. Approximately 10% of the grains with such abnormalities in sporoderm structure as various types of swellings, mostly ring-shaped, were found under high concentrations of Zn (500 and 1000 mg/pot). The greatest number of deformed grains (over 40%), deeply plicated or strongly flattened, were observed at the dose of 1000 mg Zn. All of the described deformations related to excess Zn are documented photographically.
The upper beech forest line in the Steneto Biosphre Reserve on the northern slopes of the Stara Planina Mts. (Central Bulgaria)
Authors: Michalik Stefan
Published: April 2013

The upper beech forest line has a very complicated shape in a mountain valley running in the W-E direction. On the shady northern slope it reaches an average of 1659 m above sea level, while on the insolated southern slope, about 1760 m. It was found and proven statistically that the altitude of the boundary is dependent on the relative isolation (r = 0.309, α = 0.01), exposition and relief of the territory.