bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The representation of winds in the lower troposphere in ECMWF forecasts and reanalyses during the EUREC4A field campaign
Authors: Savazzi Alessandro Carlo Maria , Nuijens Louise , Sandu Irina , George Geet , Bechtold Peter
Published: January 2022

Abstract. The characterization of systematic forecast errors in lower-tropospheric winds over the ocean is a primary need for reforming models. Winds are among the drivers of convection, thus an accurate representation of winds is essential for better convective parameterizations. We focus on the temporal variability and vertical distribution of lower-tropospheric wind biases in operational medium-range weather forecasts and ERA5 reanalyses produced with the Integrated Forecasting System (IFS) of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). Thanks to several sensitivity experiments and an unprecedented wealth of measurements from the 2020 EUREC4A field campaign, we show that the wind bias varies greatly from day to day, resulting in RSME's up to 2.5 m s−1, with a mean wind speed bias up to −1 m s−1 near and above the trade-inversion in the forecasts and up to −0.5 m s−1 in reanalyses. The modeled zonal and meridional wind exhibit a too strong diurnal cycle, leading to a weak wind speed bias everywhere up to 5 km during daytime, turning into a too strong wind speed bias below 2 km at nighttime. The biases are fairly insensitive to the assimilation of sondes and likely related to remote convection and large scale pressure gradients. Convective momentum transport acts to distribute biases throughout the lowest 1.5 km, whereas at higher levels, other unresolved or dynamical tendencies play a role in setting the bias. Below 1 km, modelled friction due to unresolved physical processes appears too strong, but is (partially) compensated by dynamical tendencies, making this a challenging coupled problem.
Observed slump of sea land breeze in Brisbane under the effect of aerosols from remote transport during 2019 Australian mega fire events
Authors: Shen Lixing , Zhao Chuanfeng , Yang Xingchuan , Yang Yikun , Zhou Ping
Published: January 2022

Abstract. The 2019 Australian mega fires were unprecedented
considering their intensity and consistency. There has been much research
on the environmental and ecological effects of these mega fires, most of
which focused on the effect of huge aerosol loadings and the ecological
devastation. Sea land breeze (SLB) is a regional thermodynamic circulation
closely related to coastal pollution dispersion, yet few have looked into how
it is influenced by different types of aerosols transported from either
nearby or remote areas. Mega fires provide an optimal scenario of large
aerosol emissions. Near the coastal site of Brisbane Archerfield during
January 2020, when mega fires were the strongest, reanalysis data from
Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications version 2
(MERRA-2) showed that mega fires did release huge amounts of aerosols,
making aerosol optical depth (AOD) of total aerosols, black carbon (BC) and
organic carbon (OC) approximately 240 %, 425 % and 630 % of the averages
in other non-fire years. Using 20 years' wind observations of hourly time
resolution from a global observation network managed by the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), we found that the SLB day number during
that month was only 4, accounting for 33.3 % of the multi-years'
average. The land wind (LW) speed and sea wind (SW) speed also decreased by
22.3 % and 14.8 % compared with their averages respectively.
Surprisingly, fire spot and fire radiative power (FRP) analysis showed that
heating effects and aerosol emission of the nearby fire spots were not the main
causes of the local SLB anomaly, while the remote transport of aerosols from the
fire centre was mainly responsible for the decrease of SW, which was
partially offset by the heating effect of nearby fire spots and the warming
effect of long-range transported BC and CO2. The large-scale cooling
effect of aerosols on sea surface temperature (SST) and the burst of BC
contributed to the slump of LW. The remote transport of total aerosols was
mainly caused by free diffusion, while the large-scale wind field played a
secondary role at 500 m. The large-scale wind field played a more important role
in aerosol transport at 3 km than at 500 m, especially for the gathered
smoke, but free diffusion remained the major contributor. The decrease of
SLB speed boosted the local accumulation of aerosols, thus making SLB
speed decrease further, forming a positive feedback mechanism.
Water masses distribution offshore the Sabrina Coast (East Antarctica)
Authors: Bensi Manuel , Kovačević Vedrana , Donda Federica , O'Brien Philip Edward , Armbrecht Linda , Armand Leanne Kay
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Current glacier melt rates in West Antarctica substantially exceed those
around the East Antarctic margin. The exception is Wilkes Land, where for example
Totten Glacier underwent significant retreat between 2000 and 2012,
underlining its sensitivity to climate change. This process is strongly
influenced by ocean dynamics, which in turn changes in accordance with the
evolution of the ice caps. Here, we present new oceanographic data
(temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen) collected during austral
summer 2017 offshore the Sabrina Coast (East Antarctica) from the
continental shelf break to ca 3000 m depth. This area is characterized by
very few oceanographic in situ observations. The main water masses of the study area, identified by analysing
thermohaline properties, are the Antarctic Surface Water with potential
temperature θ>-1.5 ∘C and salinity S<34.2 (σθ<27.55 kg m−3), the
Winter Water with -1.92<θ<-1.75 ∘C
and 34.0<S<34.5 (potential density, 27.55<σθ<27.7 kg m−3), the modified Circumpolar
Deep Water with θ>0 ∘C and S>34.5 (σθ>27.7 kg m−3), and Antarctic
Bottom Water with -0.50<θ<0 ∘C and
34.63<S<34.67 (27.83<σθ<27.85; neutral density γn>28.30 kg m−3). The latter is a mixture of dense waters from the Ross Sea and
Adélie Land continental shelves. Such waters are influenced by the
mixing processes they undergo as they move westward along the Antarctic
margin, also interacting with the warmer Circumpolar Deep Water. The spatial distribution of water masses offshore the Sabrina Coast also
appears to be strongly linked with the complex morpho-bathymetry of the
slope and rise area, supporting the hypothesis that downslope processes
contribute to shaping the architecture of the distal portion of the
continental margin. Oceanographic data presented here can be downloaded from
https://doi.org/10.25919/yyex-t381 (CSIRO; Van Graas, 2021).
Cyclostratigraphy of the Middle to Upper Ordovician successions of the Armorican Massif (western France) using portable X-ray fluorescence
Authors: Sinnesael Matthias , Loi Alfredo , Dabard Marie-Pierre , Vandenbroucke Thijs R. A. , Claeys Philippe
Published: January 2022

Abstract. To expand traditional cyclostratigraphic numerical methods beyond their common technical limitations and apply them to truly deep-time archives we need to reflect on the development of new approaches to sedimentary archives that traditionally are not targeted for cyclostratigraphic analysis, but that frequently occur in the impoverished deep-time record. Siliciclastic storm-dominated shelf environments are a good example of such records. Our case study focusses on the Middle to Upper Ordovician siliciclastic successions of the Armorican Massif (western France), which are well-studied in terms of sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy. In addition, these sections are protected geological heritage due to the extraordinary quality of the outcrops. We therefore tested the performance of non-destructive high-resolution (cm-scale) portable X-ray fluorescence and natural gamma-ray analyses on outcrop to obtain major and trace element compositions. Despite the challenging outcrop conditions in the tidal beach zone, our geochemical analyses provide useful information regarding general lithology and several specific sedimentary features such as the detection of paleoplacers, or the discrimination between different types of diagenetic concretions such as nodules. Secondly, these new high-resolution data are used to experiment the application of commonly used numerical cyclostratigraphic techniques on this siliciclastic storm-dominated shelf environment, a non-traditional sedimentological setting for cyclostratigraphic analysis. In the lithological relatively homogenous parts of the section spectral power analyses and bandpass filtering hint towards a potential astronomical imprint of some sedimentary cycles, but this needs further confirmation in the absence of more robust independent age constraints.
Tree migration in the dynamic, global vegetation model LPJ-GM 1.0: Efficient uncertainty assessment and improved dispersal kernels
Authors: Zani Deborah , Lehsten Veiko , Lischke Heike
Published: January 2022

Abstract. The prediction of species geographic redistribution under climate change (i.e. range shifts) has been addressed by both experimental and modelling approaches and can be used to inform efficient policy measures on the functioning and services of future ecosystems. Dynamic Global Vegetation Models (DGVMs) are considered state-of-the art tools to understand and quantify the spatio-temporal dynamics of ecosystems at large scales and their response to changing environments. They can explicitly include local vegetation dynamics relevant to migration (establishment, growth, seed production), species-specific dispersal abilities and the competitive interactions with other species in the new environment. However, the inclusion of more detailed mechanistic formulations of range shift processes may also widen the overall uncertainty of the model. Thus, a quantification of these uncertainties is needed to evaluate and improve our confidence in the model predictions. In this study, we present an efficient assessment of parameter and model uncertainties combining low-cost analyses in successive steps: local sensitivity analysis, exploration of the performance landscape at extreme parameter values, and inclusion of relevant ecological processes in the model structure. This approach was tested on the newly-implemented migration module of the state-of-the-art DGVM, LPJ-GM 1.0. Estimates of post-glacial migration rates obtained from pollen and macrofossil records of dominant European tree taxa were used to test the model performance. The results indicate higher sensitivity of migration rates to parameters associated with the dispersal kernel (dispersal distances and kernel shape) compared to plant traits (germination rate and maximum fecundity) and highlight the importance of representing rare long-distance dispersal events via fat-tailed kernels. Overall, the successful parametrization and model selection of LPJ-GM will allow simulating plant migration with a more mechanistic approach at larger spatial and temporal scales, thus improving our efforts to understand past vegetation dynamics and predict future range shifts in a context of global change.
Brief communication: Radar images for monitoring informal urban settlements in vulnerable zones in Lima, Peru
Authors: Moya Luis , Garcia Fernando , Gonzales Carlos , Diaz Miguel , Zavala Carlos , Estrada Miguel , Yamazaki Fumio , Koshimura Shunichi , Mas Erick , Adriano Bruno
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Lima, Peru's capital, has about 9.6 million inhabitants and keeps attracting more residents searching for a better life. Many citizens, without access to housing subsidies, live in informal housing and shack settlements. A typical social phenomenon in Lima is the sudden illegal occupation of areas for urban settlements. When such areas are unsafe against natural hazards, it is important to relocate such a population to avoid significant future losses. In this communication, we present an application of Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images to map the extension of a recent occupation of an area with unfavorable soil conditions against earthquakes.
Impact of freshwater runoff from the southwest Greenland Ice Sheet on fjord productivity since the late 19th century
Authors: Oksman Mimmi , Kvorning Anna Bang , Larsen Signe Hillerup , Kjeldsen Kristian Kjellerup , Mankoff Kenneth David , Colgan William , Andersen Thorbjørn Joest , Nørgaard-Pedersen Niels , Seidenkrantz Marit-Solveig , Mikkelsen Naja , Ribeiro Sofia
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Climate warming and the resulting acceleration of freshwater discharge from the Greenland Ice Sheet are impacting Arctic marine coastal ecosystems, with implications for their biological productivity. To accurately project the future of coastal ecosystems, and place recent trends into perspective, paleo-records are essential. Here, we present late 19th century to present runoff estimates for a large sub-Arctic fjord system (Nuup Kangerlua, southwest Greenland) influenced by both marine- and land-terminating glaciers. We followed a multiproxy approach to reconstruct spatial and temporal trends in primary production from four sediment cores, including diatom fluxes and assemblage composition changes, biogeochemical and sedimentological proxies (total organic carbon, nitrogen, C / N-ratio, biogenic silica, δ13C, δ15N, grain size distribution). We show that an abrupt increase in freshwater runoff in the mid-1990’s is reflected by a 3-fold increase in biogenic silica fluxes in the glacier-proximal area of the fjord. In addition to increased productivity, freshwater runoff modulates the diatom assemblages and drives the dynamics and magnitude of the diatom spring bloom. Our records indicate that marine productivity is higher today than it has been at any point since the late 19th century and suggest that increased mass loss of the Greenland Ice Sheet is likely to continue promoting high productivity levels at sites proximal to marine-terminating glaciers. We highlight the importance of paleo-records in offering a unique temporal perspective on ice-ocean-ecosystem responses to climate forcing beyond existing remote sensing or monitoring time-series.
BUILDING SECURE INFORMATIONAL COMMUNICATION BETWEEN AUTOMATED CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SYSTEMS THROUGH AN OPEN INTERNET NETWORK
Authors: Frangiz Gilfanetdinovich Khisamov , Vovk Tatyana Vitalevna
Published: January 2022

The article provides the basic principles of building a secure network interaction of automated critical infrastructure systems (ACSIs) in a secure execution and solving the problem of safe communication of local networks through the open Internet network via Intranet technology.
CHANGE OF ALBUMIN AND HEMOGLOBIN INDICATORS IN DIFFERENT TYPES OF GRANIOCEREBRAL INJURIES
Authors: Gaffarova I.D. , Ivanova T.F. , Fertikova N.S. , Ceh D.V.
Published: January 2022

The article discusses the dynamics of changes in biochemical parameters of albumin and hemoglobin levels before and after treatment of traumatic brain injuries of varying severity.
LABOR MARKET PROBLEMS IN UZBEKISTAN IN THE CONTEXT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIA
Authors: Axunova Ogulxan Ergashovna , Nematova Shaxlo Egamgamberdievna
Published: January 2022

The article discusses general issues of the development of the labor market in Uzbekistan in the context of the Covid-19 coronavirus pandemic. In the course of the presentation, the ongoing reforms on the generalization and structuring of the main elements of the international and national labor market associated with the human capital index are investigated, its functions are systematized, the factors of its evolutionary development are classified, as well as the role of the labor market in the formation of a platform for sustainable development of the economy and the national economies that form it.
TO THE QUESTION ABOUT COMPUTER DEPENDENCE
Authors: Abdukhalikova Nasiba Alizhanovna
Published: January 2022

This article is based on the report of the author of an all-institute seminar dedicated to the preliminary defense of the dissertation topic «Ethical education as a factor in preventing Internet addiction.» Internet addiction is understood here as the excessive computer enthusiasm of young people. The popularization of digital high-tech computer technologies creates addictions to computers, which leads to pathological disorders, as well as other diseases. In this regard, the authors seek to analyze the essence and content of computer addiction.
EFFECT OF DIALOGIC TEACHING ON ENGLISH SPEAKING SKILLS
Authors: Toleugalieva Danagul
Published: January 2022

This paper aims to investigate the influence of dialogic teaching on the development of the learners’ speaking skills. It is questioning why Kazakh students are unable to express themselves efficiently and comfortably. This seems crucial and imperative for students and it shouldn’t shape any obstacle for future development. Accordingly, this paper poses a significant issue that every learner of English needs to ponder. To collect data for the study, three tools has been used; a questionnaire, an interview and an observation. The questionnaire was distributed throughout the students who had been selected from different universities. The collected data is analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Data analysis has shown that dialogic teaching enables students to develop the skills of argumentation, questioning and debate which contribute to the development of their speaking skills. Generally, the findings indicate that authentic dialogic teaching components are effective if students are given enough time to practice its skills.
FRENCH ENLIGHTENMENT AND REVOLUTIONARY PATRIOTIC MOVEMENTS IN VIETNAM AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY
Authors: Le Thi Tuyet
Published: January 2022

The patriotic movement in Vietnam at the beginning of the twentieth century, to a certain extent, demonstrated the unity of two tasks: national liberation and social renewal with an orientation towards democracy, naturally, in relation to the conditions of that time. Vietnamese patriotic movements of that time, experiencing the influence of Western culture, including French, gradually moved away from feudal consciousness and over time came to understand the need to combine patriotism with bourgeois democratic values of the Western type. However, at the beginning of the twentieth century, Vietnamese patriots could not find a scientifically correct way to liberate their people.
Sex Moderates the Relationship between Perceptual-Motor Function and Single-Leg Squatting Mechanics
Authors: Hogg Jennifer A. , Avedesian Jason M. , Diekfuss Jed A. , Acocello Shellie N. , Shimmin Rylee D. , Kelley Elisabeth A. , Kostrub Deborah A. , Myer Gregory D. , Wilkerson Gary B.
Published: January 2022

To examine the isolated and combined effects of sex and perceptual-motor function on single-leg squatting mechanics in males and females. We employed a cross-sectional design in a research laboratory. Fifty-eight females (22.2 ± 3.5 yrs, 1.60 ± .07 m, 64.1 ± 13.0 kg) and 35 males (23.5 ± 5.0 yrs, 1.80 ± .06m, 84.7 ± 15.3 kg) free from time-loss injury in the six months prior, vertigo, and vestibular conditions participated in this study. Independent variables were sex, perceptual-motor metrics (reaction time, efficiency index, conflict discrepancy), and interaction effects. Dependent variables were peak frontal plane angles of knee projection, ipsilateral trunk flexion, and contralateral pelvic drop during single-leg squatting. After accounting for the sex-specific variance and perceptual-motor function effects on frontal plane squatting kinematics, female sex amplified the associations of: higher reaction time, lower efficiency index, and higher conflict discrepancy with greater right ipsilateral peak trunk lean (R2 = .13; p = .05); higher reaction time, lower efficiency index, and higher conflict discrepancy with decreased right contralateral pelvic drop (R2 = .22; p < .001); higher reaction time and lower conflict discrepancy with greater right frontal plane knee projection angle (R2 = .12; p = .03); and higher reaction time with greater left frontal plane knee projection angle (R2 = .22; p < .001). Female sex amplified the relationship between perceptual-motor function and two-dimensional frontal plane squatting kinematics. Future work should determine the extent to which perceptual-motor improvements translate to safer movement strategies.
Moderate and Severe Injuries at Five International Olympic-Style Wrestling Tournaments during 2016-2019
Authors: Molnár Szabolcs Molnár , Hunya Zsolt , Gáspár Krisztián , Szerb Imre , Szabó Noé , Mensch Károly , Körösi Éva , Bacskai Katalin , Sántha Ákos Kálmán , Janka Eszter Anna , Shadgan Babak
Published: January 2022

As a contact sport, wrestling may result in injuries. Based on the severity, they are classified as mild, moderate, severe and critical. All injuries occurring at international competitions are documented in a cloud-based surveillance system. The purpose of this study was to analyze the incidence and characteristics of moderate and severe (including critical) wrestling injuries that occurred during five international Olympic-style wrestling competitions in 2016-2019. Three Wrestling World Championships and two European Wrestling tournaments were organized by the Hungarian Wrestling Federation in 2016-2019. A total of 2483 wrestlers in three Olympic wrestling styles have competed in 3007 matches. Data from all injuries were recorded and analyzed to define rates, locations, types and severity, and to compare with previous reports. A total of 53 wrestlers sustained 55 injuries, which is equivalent to an overall injury incidence rate of 9.1‰ (9.1/1000 athletic exposures). Greco-Roman and Women Wrestling had the same injury incidence rate, while Freestyle had a lower one (9.5‰ versus 8.5‰). The injury proportion by regions and anatomic locations were on head and face 29.1%, spine and trunk 16.4 % and the upper-and-lower extremity injuries equally 27.3%. The most common types of injuries included ligament lesions, joint injuries, skin lacerations, and contusions. Five wrestlers (0.8‰) sustained strangulation or concussion. Wrestling injury rates during United World Wrestling competitions are not high, but when happen they can be serious. Despite relatively low incidence rate of injuries, there is a need for continuous education for medical teams, referees and coaches to avoid wrestling injuries.
Corporate Governance Regulations and Practices under COVID-19 Crisis: Time to Rethink
Authors: Ishtiaq Dr. Muhammad , Mushtaq Hina
Published: January 2022

The COVID-19 has brought the challenge of survival for all the companies around the globe. This pandemic totally changed the procedures of managing and governing the firms with the help of regulations of the state. The said disaster has also hit the existence of the major companies in different sectors of the economy. Consequently, it has drawn the attention of all the practitioners of the Corporate Governance along with the policy makers of the economy. The focus of this article is to see the utility and practicability of different regulations and practices of the corporate governance to cope with the current emerging challenges of COVID-19 in corporate sector. Furthermore, the current study takes some valuable insights from the leading business journal articles and find the key mechanisms of the corporate governance, which help the companies to deal with the recent crisis. These mechanisms could be effective for the different business units during this dilemma of COVID-19. This review intends to change the management philosophy of the different companies. Furthermore, this study aims to provide them with the latest mechanisms of corporate governance, which are helping the companies for their successful progression of business affairs in this tough time of Corona Virus. These mechanisms include presence of risk management committee, more attention to the stakeholders, family ownership, and block holders. This paper concludes that all the above said mechanisms of corporate governance are very helpful during the crisis of COVID-19. The study highlights that this pandemic has affected the governance mechanisms of al the establishments, therefore firms should be prepared for such crisis in future by paying attention to the different corporate governance mechanisms. The study recommends that certain practices of the corporate governance are very helpful in coping the challenges posed by the pandemic of COVID-19.
РОЛЬ І МІСЦЕ КАДРОВОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ В ПІДВИЩЕННІ КОНКУРЕНТОСПРОМОЖНОСТІ РЕГІОНУ
Authors: Є.В. Бєлоусова
Published: January 2022

У статті розглянуто сутності та зміст кадрової політики в підвищенні конкурентоспроможності регіону, її цілі, ролі й місця в системі управління, що дозволяє визначити рівні прояву кадрової політики, а також виділити її суб'єкти та об'єкти - визначити всіх учасників даних соціально-економічних відносин, та її вплив на великі соціальну групи та задоволення потреб населення.
ВИДИ КАДРОВОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ ТА МЕХАНІЗМ ЇЇ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ У РЕГІОНІ
Authors: А.С, Мельниченко , Т.В. Качур
Published: January 2022

У статті розглянуто основні види кадрової політики та механізми реалізації кадрової політики в регіоні для підвищення конкурентоспроможності, її цілі, ролі й місця в системі публічного управління, що дозволяє визначити рівні прояву кадрової політики, а також виділити її суб'єкти та об'єкти - визначити всіх учасників даних соціально-економічних відносин, та її вплив на великі соціальну групи та задоволення потреб населення. Визначено, що кадрова політика в сучасних умовах має бути спрямована на формування такої системи роботи з кадрами, яка б орієнтувалася на отримання не тільки економічного, а й соціального ефекту за умови дотримання чинного законодавства.
The Impact of Using Twitter as a Pedagogical Tool on Improving Writing Skills of English Language Education Students
Authors: . Risnawati , Faridi Abdurrachman , Fitriati Sri Wuli
Published: January 2022

This study was a qualitative research method focused on a case study approach. This study aimed to find out the impact of pedagogical Twitter on improving the writing skills of English Language Education students at Universitas Pendidikan Muhammadiyah (UNIMUDA) Sorong. The sample of this study was 27 students of the English Language Education Study Program in the academic year 2020/2021. The sampling technique of this study used a purposive sampling technique. Invalidating the data, I used methodological and investigator triangulation. The instrument of this study had validated by expert judgment invalidating the data. The data of this study had collected through students writing text, tweets from Twitter, and interviews. After collecting the data, I used Brown’s rubric score to analyze students’ writing text, and tweets from their Twitter accounts as a pre-test and post-test. The interview item became the last instrumental in exploring the impact of Twitter on improving students writing skills. The analysis found that Twitter became an effective tool in enhancing students’ writing skills. The result showed from five categories of Brown’s assessing writing skills: students writing content of 83.33%, the organization was 81.48%, grammar structures of 85.19%, vocabulary had 82.41%, and mechanism had 100.00%. The result concluded that Twitter was more influential in improving students writing skills. The average of each category was an outstanding category. In short, Twitter became an effective pedagogical tool in helping students to improve their writing skills. In addition, Twitter has functioned as social media, but it has integrated into the teaching and learning process.

Keywords: Twitter, Pedagogical Tool, Writing Skills.
Assessment of the Behavioural Effects of Cartoon Viewing among Parents of Under-Five Children
Authors: . Sudhapriya , R Mahadevi. , K Jayanarmatha.
Published: January 2022

Background of the Study: Cartoons are the most popular entertainment for the Children. Mostly children begin watching cartoons on television at the early age of six months, and by the age of two or three children become enthusiastic viewers.
Objectives: The main objective of the study is to assess the behavioral effects of cartoon viewing among the parents of under-five children.
Methodology: Descriptive study design was used to conduct the study in selected tertiary care hospital. As per the inclusion criteria 50 samples were selected by using non probability purposive sampling technique. Self structured questionnaire was used to collect data and the behavioral effects of cartoon viewing among the parents of under-five children.
Results: The study findings revealed that, among 50 samples 32% of the Children had mild effects on behaviour, 66% had moderate effects on behaviour and 2% of the Children had sever effects on behaviour. The mean and standard deviation score of the study was 54.72+0.8571. There was a significant association between the behavioral effects of cartoon viewing and the age of the Children (χ2 = 7.6364 , P<0.05).
Conclusion: The study concluded that, 32% of the children had mild effects on behaviour, 66% had moderate effects on behavior and 2% of the children had sever effects on behaviour.

Keywords: Cartoons, behavioral effects, under five children, parents.
The Factors Affecting the Acceptance of Going Concerned Audit Opinion
(Empirical Study on Registered Agricultural Sector Companies in Indonesia Stock Exchange 2013-2019)
Authors: Anugerah Nanda , . Erlina , . Sirojuzilam
Published: January 2022

The study aimed to determine and analyze the effect of financial distress, firm size, profitability, cash flow ratio, leverage, and environmental performance on going concern audit opinion. The research object is the agriculture sector company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The population in this study were all companies listed in the agricultural sector on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2013-2019 period. The total population in this study was 21 companies. The method used in determining the sample using the purposive sampling technique. The sample in the study was 17 companies with 119 data analyzed. The study used secondary data and used multivariate analysis.
The results of this research state that financial distress, profitability, cash flow ratio, environmental performance do not affect the acceptance of going concern audit opinion. The firm size has a negative effect on the acceptance of going concern audit opinions. In contrast, leverage positively affects the acceptance of going concern audit opinions in the agriculture sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for 2013-2019.

Keywords: financial distress, firm size, profitability, flow ratio cash, leverage, going concern audit opinion.
Clinical Improvement in Patients with Morbus Hansen Borderline Tuberculoid Lesions with
3-Month Multibacillary Regimen Therapy
Authors: Setia Rahayu Putu Eka Ratna , Mery Giovani Gusti Ayu Vina
Published: January 2022

Background/Aim: Morbus Hansen (MH) is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. The disease has an average incubation period of 3-5 years. Morbus Hansen (MH) has various clinical, microbiological and histopathological features. In the following, a new case of MH is reported with a clinical manifestation of Borderline Tuberculoid (BT) type MH. The patient was treated with the MDT MB regimen for 3 months and had clinical improvement.
Case Report: A 23-year-old boy with complaints of sudden feeling of heat, tingling and cramping from the tip of his right foot to the sole of his right foot. He also complaining about black lesions on both hands, right elbow, face, chest and back. The diagnosis of gout, fungus and dermatitis can be ruled out after microscopic examination of AFB on the right, left ear lobe, and foot lesions showed negative results and histopathological examination results showed Morbus Hansen type BT. The risk factor for contracting Morbus Hansen is the patient has lived in a dormitory for 2.5 years and it is known that there are people who suffer from a similar disease in that environment. The patient was treated using a multibacillary regimen for 3 months and the lesions improved and the numbness decreased. Treatment plan during the case for 12-18 months. This case is unique due to the clinical manifestation has not significant characteristic for MH, AFB is not found from ear lobe smear. MH established after skin biopsy done.
Conclusion: It was reported that one MH case with TB for 3 months had clinical improvement, with plans to continue treatment for 12-18 months.

Keywords: Borderline Tuberculoid; Morbus Hansen, Multibacillary.
Penggunaan media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis audio-visual dengan aplikasi Powtoon untuk meningkatkan minat dan hasil belajar siswa pada materi impuls dan momentum di SMK Negeri 6 Samarinda
Authors: Thesarah Ravena Hardyanti , Subagiyo Lambang , Qadar Riskan
Published: January 2022

Pembelajaran fisika yang terkesan sulit menyebabkan siswa kurang tertarik mengikuti pembelajaran. Media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis audio-visual dengan aplikasi powtoon digunakan untuk menarik minat belajar sehingga dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui minat dan hasil belajar siswa setelah diterapkannya media pembelajaran interaktif. Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini yaitu purposive sampling sehingga kelas X Teknik Alat Berat (TAB) dipilih menjadi sampel dari penelitian ini. Pengambilan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan angket, wawancara, dan tes tertulis. Hasil analisis angket minat belajar siswa menunjukkan bahwa siswa memiliki minat yang tinggi terhadap pembelajaran dengan persentase rata-rata sebesar 83%. Minat siswa pada kategori sangat tinggi sebesar 35%, kategori tinggi sebesar 60%, dan kategori sedang sebesar 5%. Hasil wawancara menunjukkan bahwa siswa tertarik dan bersemangat terhadap proses pembelajaran. Analisis hasil belajar siswa menunjukkan bahwa kelas X TAB memperoleh N-gain sebesar 0.66 yang termasuk kategori sedang dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 76,90.
Profil sikap terhadap sains mahasiswa calon guru dalam pembelajaran etnosains
Authors: Purnamasari Shinta , Nurawaliyah Siti
Published: January 2022

Mengembangkan sikap dan minat yang positif terhadap sains telah menjadi salah satu tujuan utama dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran sains di segala jenjang pendidikan, termasuk pada jenjang universitas. Hasil belajar pada domain sikap juga sama pentingnya dengan hasil belajar pada domain kognitif dan psikomotor. Sikap guru terhadap sains sangat mempengaruhi kegiatan pembelajaran dan sikap terhadap sains dari siswa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui profil sikap terhadap sains mahasiswa calon guru dalam pembelajaran etnosains. Pembelajaran berbasis etnosains adalah hal yang dirasa perlu dibekalkan kepada mahasiswa calon guru sains, karena pembelajaran yang memadukan nilsi kearifan lokal, pengetahuan asli masyarakat, dan pengetahuan saintifik mampu meningkatkan pemahaman siswa terhadap konsep sains. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei sebagai penelitian deskriptif yang ditujukan untuk memperoleh data kuantitatif sikap terhadap sains. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan angket sikap terhadap sains. Berdasarkan angket sikap terhadap sains, mahasiswa memiliki persentase yang tinggi pada dimensi perasaan tentang sains, keinginan atau minat untuk berkarir di bidang sains, dan sikap terhadap penemuan dan kemajuan teknologi. Sedangkan pada dimensi keempat, yaitu persepsi terhadap ilmuwan memiliki persentase yang sedang karena telah terjadi pergeseran pandangan terhadap stereotip ilmuwan.
Validasi ahli terhadap koleksi herbarium tumbuhan yang digunakan dalam Upacara Adat Tedhak Siti di Kabupaten Jombang
Authors: Hidayah Nur , Ami Mucharommah Sartika
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan hasil validasi ahli herbarium dan ahli media pembelajaran terhadap koleksi herbarium tumbuhan yang digunakan dalam upacara adat Tedhak Siti di Kabupaten Jombang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan yang menggunakan model R&D sebagai acuan. Model R&D terdiri dari 10 langkah, namun hanya lima langkah pertama yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini. Kelima langkah tersebut adalah: potensi dan masalah, pengumpulan data, desain produk, validasi desain, dan revisi desain. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan berupa panduan wawancara dan lembar validasi ahli. Panduan wawancara digunakan untuk memperoleh data mengenai jenis-jenis tumbuhan yang digunakan dalam upacara adat Tedhak Siti di Kabupaten Jombang dari empat orang narasumber, yang dipilih dengan pertimbangan tertentu (purposive sampling). Lembar validasi ahli yang digunakan terdiri dari dua jenis, yaitu lembar validasi ahli herbarium dan lembar validasi ahli media pembelajaran. Hasil validasi ahli digunakan untuk menentukan kelayakan koleksi herbarium yang dikembangkan berdasarkan kriteria yang telah ditentukan. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa herbarium dinyatakan â€œcukup layakâ€ oleh ahli herbarium dengan presentase 80%, dan hasil validasi ahli media pembelajaran menunjukkan bahwa media herbarium dinyatakan â€œsangat layakâ€ dengan presentase 95%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa koleksi herbarium yang dikembangkan dapat digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran, setelah dilakukan sedikit revisi berdasarkan saran dari kedua validator ahli.
Education for sustainable development (ESD) dalam pembelajaran IPA
Authors: Purnamasari Shinta , Hanifah Aldila Nurrul
Published: January 2022

Pembangunan berkelanjutan (sustainable development) merupakan pembangunan dengan tujuan meningkatkan kualitas hidup, baik dari generasi saat ini maupun yang akan datang. Dalam sustainable development terdapat 17 tujuan yang disebut dengan sustainable development goals (SDGs). Salah satu upaya dalam mewujudkan SDGs adalah melalui pendidikan yang disebut dengan Education for Sustainable Development (ESD). Penulisan artikel ini ditujukan untuk memaparkan hasil kajian pustaka terkait karakteristik dan implementasi ESD dalam pembelajaran IPA. Sebanyak tujuh artikel yang diterbitkan pada berbagai jurnal dijadikan bahan utama dalam kajian pustaka ini. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa 1) Terdapat delapan kompetensi kunci yang dirasa penting dalam memajukan pembangunan berkelanjutan. 2) ESD dapat diintegrasikan dalam pembelajaran IPA melalui berbagai cara, seperti perangkat pembelajaran, media pembelajaran, dan model pembelajaran. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat dilihat bahwa kompetensi-kompetensi ESD dapat diimplementasikan ke dalam pembelajaran IPA untuk memajukan pembangunan berkelanjutan dan mencapai SDGs.
ADVANCES IN TECHNIQUES AND APPLICATIONS OF RUBBER SURFACE GRAFTING MODIFICATION
Authors: Lu Xiaolong , Cai Shuwei , Niu Ben , Li Xian , He Qin , He Xianru
Published: January 2022

To meet the requirement in the application of medical devices, composites, biomaterials, corrosion resistance, and selective adsorptions, rubber surface modification is usually indispensable. Grafting treatment is one of most significate treatment methods. In this paper, we focus on rubber surface grafting modification, including grafting techniques and applications. Different grafting methods—including monomer grafting polymerization and coupling reaction—are covered and compared briefly. The related applications of surface grafting modification techniques, such as improving compatibility of waste rubber as fillers, hydrophobicity and lipophilicity of sponge rubber for oil–water separation, biocompatibility of rubber in the medical field, and forming surface patterns, are demonstrated in detail. The new research directions of surface grafting techniques as well as main challenges in application are also discussed.
Recovery, Recrystallization, and Grain-Growth
Authors: Iqra Zubair Awan Iqra Zubair Awan
Published: January 2022

This is a brief review of the important phenomena of recovery, recrystallization as well as grain-growth. The three mentioned phenomena are the mechanisms by which metals and alloys fix the structural damage introduced by the mechanical deformation and, as a consequence, in the physical and mechanical properties. These rehabilitation mechanisms are thermally activated. For this process, the materials have to be heated and any such heat-treatment is meant to reduce deformation-induced break is termed annealing. Other or different heat-treatments lead to recovery and recrystallization. It is rather strange that, though these phenomena are extremely important in metallurgical science and engineering, not so much work has been done as that in corrosion and shape memory technologies. An attempt has been made here to summarize all important aspects of these phenomena for the benefits of students of metallurgy, chemistry and solid state physics.
Secondary Metabolites from the Barks of Eucommia ulmoides and Their Bioactivities
Authors: Wen Yan Liu Wen Yan Liu , Zi Ling Zi Ling , Dong Dong , Ke Huan Li Ke Huan Li , Jian Hua Shao Jian Hua Shao , Jie Shen Jie Shen , Chun Chao Zhao Chun Chao Zhao
Published: January 2022

Eucommia ulmoides Oliv., exhibiting diverse bioactivities including antimicrobial, antioxidant, neuroprotective, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory properties, has long been known as an active ingredient commonly used in antihypertensive herbal prescriptions in China. The 95% ethanol extract of the barks of E. ulmoides showed antimicrobial and antioxidant activities and then was isolated by bioactivity-guided fractionation to obtain a new cinnamyl glucoside, 1-O-trans-cinnamoyl-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranose (1), together with twenty known secondary metabolites (2–21). And their structures were identified by extensive spectroscopic analyses, including 1D and 2D NMR, UV, IR and HRESIMS, and chemical methods. All secondary metabolites were evaluated for their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities in vitro. Compounds 7, 8, 11, and 21 exhibited moderately antimicrobial activity. In the antioxidant activity assay, compounds 3, 7, 11, and 14 showed intense activity in ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) with the values of 9.82 mmol/g, 19.25 mmol/g, 14.52 mmol/g, and 12.58 mmol/g in comparison to Trolox (9.02 mmol/g). And compounds 2, 11, and 14–16 showed more potent activity with IC50 values ranging from 18.34 to 24.36 M than Trolox (26.35 M) in ABTS+• scavenging assay.
Angiotensin-I Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Peptides from Sweet Sorghum Grain Protein: Optimisation of Hydrolysis Conditions and Hydrolysate Characterization
Authors: Jun Qiang Jia Jun Qiang Jia , Nan Miao Nan Miao , Jin Juan Du and Qiong Ying Wu Jin Juan Du and Qiong Ying Wu
Published: January 2022

In order to utilize sweet sorghum grain protein (SSGP) for food applications, SSGP was hydrolyzed by alcalase to produce the hydrolysates with ACE-inhibitory activity. The Plackett-Burman design (PBD) was used to identify the important factors influencing the ACE-inhibitory activity of SSGP hydrolysates. The result of PBD indicated that hydrolysis temperature, pH and alcalase dosage had significant influence (P andlt; 0.05) on the ACE-inhibitory activity of SSGP hydrolysates. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the three significant factors. The optimum hydrolysis conditions obtained from RSM were as follows: hydrolysis temperature 56 and#176;C, pH 8.0, alcalase dosage 5200U/g. Under the optimum conditions, SSGP hydrolysates contained 24.3% 1–5 kDa (IC50=0.305 mg/ml) and 15.2% andlt;1 kDa (IC50=0.116 mg/ml) peptide fractions having potent in vitro ACE inhibitory activities. Moreover, the inhibition pattern against ACE investigated using Lineweaver–Burk plots revealed that the peptides with molecular weights above 5 kDa in the SSGP hydrolysates were non-competitive inhibitors with inhibition constants (Ki) between 1.098 and 1.171 mg/ml, while the peptides with molecular weights below 5 kDa in the hydrolysates were competitive inhibitors with Ki between 0.110 and 0.184 mg/ml. The results of this study suggest that SSGP may be considered as a source of functional ingredients for the prevention of hypertension.
Inorganic-Framework Molecularly Imprinted CdS/TiO2 for Selectively Photocatalytic Degradation of Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
Authors: Fangyan Chen Fangyan Chen , Yiming Liu Yiming Liu , Xi Zhang Xi Zhang , Lina He and Yubin Tang Lina He and Yubin Tang
Published: January 2022

In order to improve the photocatalytic efficiency and selectivity of di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) under solar-driven, the inorganic-framework molecularly imprinted CdS/TiO2, named as MIP-CdS/TiO2, was prepared by using DEHP as template molecule and tetrabutyl titanate as titanium source and functional monomer. The as-prepared MIP-CdS/TiO2 was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray energy spectrum (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV-Vis Spectroscopy (UV-vis), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and photoluminescence spectrum (PL). And the specific recognition and photocatalytic selectivity of MIP-CdS/TiO2 to DEHP were investigated. The results show that inorganic-framework molecular imprinting on the surface of CdS/TiO2 can result in existence of specific recognition sites of DEHP, extend and intensify the absorption visible light of CdS/TiO2, inhibit the recombination of the photo-induced electron-holes pairs. MIP-CdS/TiO2 has a specific recognition to DEHP. The binding selectivity coefficients of DEHP relative to its analogues DBP and DMP are 2.78 and 2.60, respectively. Compared with CdS/TiO2, MIP-CdS/TiO2 exhibits higher photocatalytic activity and selectivity for DEHP. Under simulated solar light irradiation, the degradation efficiency of DEHP photocatalyzed by MIP-CdS/TiO2 is 75.5%, which is 1.63 times as high as that of DEHP photocatalyzed by CdS/TiO2.
Role of Enzymatic System of Screened Pleurots ostreatus IBL-02 in the Bio-Removal of Synthetic Dyes Effluent
Authors: Tahsin Gulzar Tahsin Gulzar , Shumaila Kiran Shumaila Kiran , Shazia Abrar Shazia Abrar , Muniba Rahmat Muniba Rahmat , Asma Haque Asma Haque , Sofia Nosheen Sofia Nosheen , Ikram Ahmad and Sadia Rasul Ikram Ahmad and Sadia Rasul
Published: January 2022

White rot fungi have exclusive capacity to decolorize synthetic azo dyes. Five different fungal strains namely S. commune IBL-01 (SC), P. ostreatus IBL-02 (PO) P. chrysosporium IBL-03 (PC), T. versicolor IBL-04 (TV) and G. lucidum IBL-05 (GL) were used for the decolorization of synthetic dyes effluent. P. ostreatus IBL-02 showed maximum decolorization of synthetic textile effluent, so it was selected for the optimization of experimental factors. Different physico-chemical parameters were optimized using Pleutorus ostreatus IBL-02 (PO), for the maximum de-colorization of synthetic dyes effluent. Under optimum conditions, P. ostreatusIBL-02 (PO) decolorized the synthetic dyes effluent by 92.7%. Effect of various amendments like carbon and nitrogen sources on the decolorization and mineralization of synthetic dyes effluent by Pleutorus ostreatus IBL-02 was also studied. Ligninolytic enzymes at the end of each experiment were studied to find their role in decolorization and mineralization of synthetic dyes effluent. UV-Visible spectral analysis was used to indicate the decolourization of treated dyes effluent sample. A diminution in spectral line height displaying absorption maxima designated decolorization (%) while a move of spectral line to the UV-region depicted the degradation of synthetic dyes effluent.