bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation on the Tensile Strength of GLARE Laminate with a Hole
Authors: Qu Gui Min , Li Bo Ru , Zhao Li , Li Xiao Feng
Published: October 2014

As for the case of tensile plastic deformation of glass fiber reinforced aluminum laminates (GLARE), the finite element analysis model of the tensile strength of GLARE laminates with a hole is established by means of ABAQUS software under tensile load. The modeling is found to be in good agreement between the simulation results and the experiment data in the failure strength. On the basis of the finite element model, the tensile strength of GLARE laminates containing a hole in other ply modes is simulated, and the influences of the hole size and ply angle on the tensile strength are given in this paper.
Research and Application of Phase Change Energy Storage Technology in Construction and Buildings Materials
Authors: Chen Mi Mi , Zhao Feng Qing
Published: October 2014

The purpose of this paper is to introduce the progress of phase change (PCM) technology in construction and building materials. The function, classification and application of phase change energy storage materials were reviewed. PCMs can be used in construction and building materials for energy-saving purposes, such as coatings, gypsum board, mortar, concrete etc. The existing problems of phase change energy storage materials, current research topics were put forward. It probable that phase change energy storage materials will find wide application in construction and building materials in the near future.
Application of High Ti-Bearing Blast Furnace Slag in Field of Building Materials
Authors: He Li Xia
Published: October 2014

High Ti-bearing blast furnace (BF) slag is the smelting waste of vanadium titano-magnetite. It has great production but low utilization. The high Ti-bearing BF slag is used in building materials industry, which recycles waste material, saves resources and energy, benefiting environmental protection and achieving sustainable development of resources. Study on the recycling of high Ti-bearing BF slag will be an important subject of our researches in future.
Analysis of Collapse Earthquake Plan and Rescue Technology of Existing Concrete Frame Structure
Authors: Chen Xin Xiao , Zhou Shu Guang , Xu Peng
Published: October 2014

This paper aims at the problem which is lack of practical operability although there are many written instructions in collapse earthquake plan and rescue technology of existing concrete frame structure. Research status of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction of existing concrete frame structure is presented. the existing problems of rescue program and technology is analyzed when earthquake is happened in existing concrete frame structure, it is critical to improve the relevant technology standards and regulations and to implement prevention for to solve the problems, the main content of prevention collapse earthquake is pointed out. The result will give some guidelines to the research of collapse earthquake plan and rescue technology of existing concrete frame structure.
Reuse of Sand Disposed of Foundry in Lieu of Sand Natural in the Manufacture of Structural Blocks
Authors: dos Santos A.V. , Marchetti Mauro C. , Ribas Carla L. , de Souza Ayane R.
Published: October 2014

With the significant progress in the, combining global industry section, new technoligies come the increased generation of solid waste and the consequent concern with the correct management. One of the major problem of the foundry industry is the generation of solid waste mainly constituided by residual sands or discarded foundry sands. (ADF). The proper disposal of this waste is a challenge for the industries that are increasinly concerned in the need to preserve the environment in pursuit of sustainable long-term development. In Brazil the production of castings in 2008 exceeded 3 millhion tons, with the generation of approximately one ton of waste for each ton of pruduced metal. The main destination of this waste currently occures in industrial landfill disposal that bisides having a high cost which is an increasing environmental concern for the companies. Solving this problem is one of the duties of this work or in other words we propose a methodology to reuse solid waste. We tested our metodology, specimens have been made with the incorporation of foundry sand at different concentrations in ascending order in every 5% replacing the natural sand for casting sand. Throught this article we have shown the proposed metodology for the use of concret blocks.
The Nonintervention Measurement Technology Research of Hydraulic System
Authors: Wang Hong Wei , Sun Peng , Xu Chang , Liang Shi Cong , Wang Feng
Published: October 2014

Positioning hydraulic system failure rate is high, the fault detection difficult. This paper introduces the involvement type hydraulic system the basic principle of measuring technology, hardware design and software design. The interventional type hydraulic detection method to overcome the traditional type detection method increased the complexity of the hydraulic system fault, without using the reserved interface. Research on fault diagnosis technology of hydraulic system of the intervention is very important for the development of the hydraulic system fault diagnosis.
Progress of Small Molecule Fluorescent Probes for Detection of Thiols
Authors: Gao Yan
Published: October 2014

Thiols play key roles in biological systems. They are important parts of many organisms proteins and small molecules, and have an important role in cellular antioxidant systems. In recent years, fluorescent methods for detecting the mercapto compounds have developed rapidly, based on its apparent advantages in sensitivity, specificity and nondestructive imaging. Therefore, the quantitative detection of mercapto biomolecules are very important in biochemical and clinical chemistry. In this review,we summarized the fluorescent probes for thiols according to their unique mechanisms between fluorescent probes and thiols.
Analysis of Micro-Texture and Grain Size Distributions in Machined Aluminum Alloy 7075
Authors: Tabei A. , Fergani Omar , Garmestani Hamid , Liang Steven Y.
Published: October 2014

the effects of turning on the gradients of micro-texture and grain size of Al alloy 7075 processed by turning is studied. Analytical models based on Boussinesq equation and stress/force transformation, predict that the equivalent von-Mises stress penetrate almost 1 mm below the machined surface with a maximum of 1400 MPa. The induced temperature below the surface is and reaches up to 240°C. As a result of deformation below the machined surface, the grains below the surface show a preferred grain shape orientation different from the grains in the central region. The normalized population of (121) plane increases at the machined surface compared to the central part of the sample. Orientation distribution functions reveal that at the central part of the sample, the material is mostly randomly oriented and the closest texture component is the recrystallized texture. On the other hand, the strongest texture attribute at the machined surface is β-fiber torsion. The average grain size shows a 10% decreases moving away from center while below the machined surface there is a 50% increase in the average grain size. This can be due to the grain growth caused by higher temperatures right below the machining tool. The reported results provide a toolset to determine the final properties of the material after machining in addition to providing means to more accurately describing the machining mechanics.
Application of Taguchi Method to the Optimal Parameters of Injection Molding for the Plastic Components of the Braille Display Cell
Authors: Yeh Fung Huei , Li Ching Lun , Chen Bing Ming
Published: October 2014

The paper studies the optimal parameters of injection molding to avoid the deformation, warping, short shot, and surface defects for the plastic components of Braille display cell. At first the Pro/Engineer parametric software is applied for the entity design and rendering. Then the Mold-Flow software is used for mold flow analysis on the influence of each injection parameters. The results show mold temperature, melt temperature, injection pressure, and filling time are the most influential factors on reducing component deformation. Besides, the L9 orthogonal array of Taguchi method is applied to find out the optimal parameters of injection molding. The deformation, short shot and surface defects of the plastic components in Braille display cell are reduced.
Material Phase Transformation during Grinding
Authors: Ding Zi Shan , Li Bei Zhi , Zou Pan , Liang Steven Y.
Published: October 2014

This study investigated the process parameters effect on the phase transformation during grinding by experimental validation and correlation analyses. The quantitative material phase link to the kinetics of diffusion-controlled as well as diffusionless transformations in different strain rate and contact zone temperature by examining process parameters is presented. Based upon the mechanical physics-based modeling and prediction for the volume fraction of phase transformation in continuous heating under anisothermal conditions, the correlation between volume fractions of phase in sequential segmented isothermal processes, and grinding process parameters characteristic are developed. In validation of the correlation, a series of maraging steel 250 grinding experiments, XRD measurements, and correlation analyses were pursued. Certain linear correlations between the cutting parameters and the phase transformation were calculated by using the correlation coefficient and the affected degree of cutting parameter, temperature, and strain rate was evaluated by applying partial relation coefficient analysis method. It is practical to alter the part material properties through the phase transformation with process parameters optimal control.
Study on Pyrolysis Methods and Equipment of the Waste Rubber
Authors: Li Zhi Hua , Yuan Kun , Yu Ya Zhou , Liu Fei Peng , Li Xu Chao
Published: October 2014

Pyrolysis is one of the important methods to dispose waste rubber. This paper analyses the present pyrolysis methods and pyrolysis of the waste rubber, points out that the microwave pyrolysis as a new method, can cut down pyrolysis temperature, control the composition of products effectively and improve the pyrolysis quality. Microwave pyrolysis equipment can not only save the energy but also protect the environment. It will be found wide application in the future.
The Analysis and Design of Electric Cooker
Authors: Jin Hong Yan , Zhu Zhi Wei
Published: October 2014

Electric rice cooker is now almost each family essential kitchen supplies, so using the combination of the traditional materials with modern new material in the material, which is more safe and reliable, high efficiency; in view of novel, unique, broke dull and monotonous traditional electric rice cooker, can meet the needs of different groups; in the structure is also improved the humanized design, two gap next to the inside of the aluminum easier extraction. This design in a safe, practical, personalized, user-friendly products experience.
The Influence of Matching Flameresistant Materials on the Thermal Protective Performance of Firefighter Uniform
Authors: Zhang Hua , Gao Yan , Wang Zhong Qiang , Tong Mei , Zhang Jie
Published: October 2014

Firefighter uniform made of various flame retardant materials is put as the object. Analyzing the thermal protective performance of different composite structures covering outer fabrics, lagging materials and comfortable layer materials, discuss the best combination of supporting structures. Adoption flash fire simulation, verify the integrated prevention ability of firefighter uniform. The matching of different levels has a significant impact on the thermal protective performance, first the outer layer, then comfortable layer and thermal protective coating. Although inherent fire resistant fiber for the main material of the outer fabric has better durability and thermal protective performance, the fire might experience obvious contraction which leads to embrittlements. For insulation flocculus, the ratio of aramid fiber 1313 and aramid fiber 1414 at 9:1 has excellent thermal insulation. For comfortable layer, inherent fire resistant fiber has no notable effect on the clothing’s overall thermal protection performance; the polysulfonamide fiber is a relative better choice.
Experimental Studies on the Full-Scale Fatigue Performance of X65 Marine Pipeline
Authors: Hu Yan Hua , Tang De Yu , Fang Zong Tao , Niu Hu Li
Published: October 2014

In this paper, the fatigue performance of X65 marine pipeline is domestically studied by means of full-scale fatigue tests (four-point bending + inner pressure), in which all the influencing factors, such as welding residual stress, stress concentration, initial defects, internal pressure shutdown and pressure fluctuation are taken into consideration comprehensively. Consequently, the fatigue cycles under different stress amplitude can be derived and applied to predicting the full-scale fatigue life of pipes quantitatively. Additionally, the test results are compared with the recommended data of international general standards, such as BS 7608 and DNV C203, by which the fatigue safety of pipes could be evaluated. Therefore, this study is not only beneficial to the accumulation of full-scale fatigue data of pipes, but also can provide quantitative basis for evaluating the fatigue life and ensuring the safety operation cycles of pipes.
Numerical Simulation and Analysis of Carbon Black in Pneumatic Conveying Pipe
Authors: Li Zhi Hua , Yang Yan Qing , Yu Ya Zhou , Liu Guang Peng , Li Xu Chao
Published: October 2014

Based on establishment of the mathematical model about the carbon black dense phase pneumatic conveying, using computational fluid dynamics ( referred to as CFD) methods, this paper stimulated the carbon black flow state inside the bent pipe. Through simulation and analysis, the carbon black particles' flow condition along the bent pipe, the carbon black particles' distribution variation at the bent pipe cross-section, the bent pipe part where worn most easily, the fluid pressure cloud and the optimum R/D have been gotten. All these provide basis for the research and design of carbon black dense phase pneumatic conveying system.
The Technology of High Efficiency Water Purification
Authors: Fu Wan Jun
Published: October 2014

A new promising water purification technology, soft fiber wadding filter, was introduced in this article. The technology has the advantages of energy saving and emission reduction efficiency greatly, is currently the most advanced water purification. This paper explains the structure of the technical equipment, tell the filtration principle, provides the filter parameters of practical efficiency, comparison. The technology is mainly used in power plants, metallurgy, chemical industry, oil field water treatment engineering, and achieved satisfactory results. Significance of the research on the model of water filtration equipment development and filtration theory is grearly.
Polyurethane Nanocomposite Films by Using Cellulose Nanospheres as Green Nanofillers
Authors: Ni Zhang Gen , Dou Zhen Jun , Lin Tao , Cheng Miao , Qin Zong Yi
Published: October 2014

To overcome poor mechanical properties of polyurethane, carboxylated cellulose nanospheres were incorporated into polyurethane in an organic polar solvent, dimethylformamide to prepare the nanocomposite films. Morphological, structural, mechanical and thermal characterization of the nanocomposites was done with scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, micro–control electronic universal testing machine and thermal gravimetric analysis. The critical challenge to achieve high macroscale properties of the bulk nanocomposites is the ability to obtain well–dispersed cellulose nanospheres in polymer matrices.
Three-Dimensional Simulation of Nano-Composite Ceramic Tool Materials
Authors: Hao Song , Huang Chuan Zhen
Published: October 2014

A phase field model of three-phase composite ceramic tool materials with two kinds of nanoparticles is set up in this research. The three-dimensional simulation algorithm is modified and a new efficient algorithm is established. The microstructure evolution of three-phase nanoceramic tool materials is more efficiently and successfully simulated in 200x200x200 unit size. Microstructure evolution of single-phase and three-phase ceramic tool materials is simulated respectively. It can be found that the peak value of grain size distribution for three-phase nanoceramic tool material is smaller than average diameter. It indicates that the nanoparticles not only restrain grain boundary migration, but also prevent the elimination of small grains and refine matrix grains.
Research on the Spinning Process of Ni-Fe Fibers
Authors: Cui Rui Fang , Peng Zhi Yuan , Wei Sai Nan
Published: October 2014

Based on the physical properties of Ni-Fe fiber, the orthogonal design was adopted to determine the parameters including roving twist, back zone drafting multiple and yarn twist, and the strength and wear resistance of the produced five kinds of yarns were tested and analyzed. The results show that to solve the problem of mixing uniformity of Ni-Fe Fibers, the suitable drawing numbers can be adopted. And the appropriate roving twist, spinning back zone drafting multiple and yarn twist are key factor of resultant yarn.
Research and Development of Micro-Nano Sized Tungstate on Morphology Control
Authors: Liu Ling , Tang Li Yong , Shen Bing Bing , Zhou Chang , Chen Qian Tin
Published: October 2014

The synthetic methods with tailored morphology of micro-nanosized tungstate materials and with rare earths dopped were summarized, as well as the effect factors of morphology control. The properties corresponding to various morphologies controlled of the micro-nanosized tungstate materials, especially the double tungstate family were researched. And the wide prospect of this kind of material was explored. As a new creative series of tungstate materials, the double tungstate was outlooked with respect to synthesizing novelty morphologies and thus the resultant properties. The future works on the tungstate materials were discussed.
Preparation of Flake-Shaped Carbonyl Iron Powders Microwave Absorber and its Properties
Authors: Zhao Li Ying , Zhan Li De , Zeng Fan Cong , Liu Pin Gang
Published: October 2014

The micron-sized flake-shaped carbonyl iron powder (FS-CIP) was prepared by wet ball milling method with ethanol as process control agent (PCA). Influence of the ratio of ball to powder on the microstructure, microwave electromagnetic parameter and reflectivity of the FS-CIP were studied. The results show that, with the increasing of the ratio of ball to powder, grain size of FS-CIP gradually decreases and the aspect ratio increased significantly. Beneficial the anisotropy of the FS-CIP, the magnetic loss and dielectric loss performance were enhanced dramatically. Epoxy resin was applied as binder. The single-layer microwave absorbing coatings with 1.0 mm in thickness and the FS-CIP volume fraction is 30% were prepared. The lightest coating weights 2.96 kg/m2, when it meets the request of band width more than 10 GHz with in which the reflectivity less than-7.5 dB at the frequency range of 8~18 GHz.
Effect of Different Cooling Rate on the Freezing Behavior of TiB2/A356 Composite
Authors: Wu Xiu Chuan , Zhao Yu Tao , Zhang Song Li , Tian Kang Le
Published: October 2014

The microstructure and tensile properties of TiB2particles reinforced A356 composite materials at different cooling rates are investigated. Experimental results show that the composition of the alloy solidification ,eutectic silicon content , morphology and size have undergone significant changes while the cooling rate increased: On one hand, α-phase grains significantly reduced, by a 50 μm average grain size refinement to 1~5μm with the evolution from coarse dendritic to rosette dendritic, or even spherical evolution; On the other hand, eutectic Si content increases, and diameter, aspect ratio also showed a decreasing trend, while the circularity is gradually increasing. Meanwhile, with the increasing of cooling rate, the particle distribution of TiB2/A356 particle reinforced composite materials can be optimized. Particle aggregation is reduced, as a result TiB2particles’ reinforcement is more obvious, and the tensile fracture shows the obvious characteristics of ductile fracture.
Structural and Acetone Sensing Properties of La-Doped Porous In2O3 Nanospheres by Hydrothermal Synthesis
Authors: Han Dan , Song Peng , Wang Qi , Zhang Hui Hui
Published: October 2014

The La-doped porous In2O3 nanospheres were prepared by a simple hydrothermal method, and La3+ accounted for 3 mol% of the In3+. The La exists and has been doped in the lattice of In2O3 characterized respectively by the means of energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), the morphology of the samples with uniform nanospheres observed by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Moreover, the sensor exhibits higher response properties compared with pure porous In2O3 nanospheres towards different acetone concentration at operating temperature 300 °C. The response and recovery times is about 13 s and 8 s to 50 ppm acetone.
Effect of Epoxy-Functionalization on the Halogen-Free Flame-Retardant Properties of Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene Resin
Authors: Bi Ye , Zhang Xi Na , Jiang Ying , Sun Shu Lin
Published: October 2014

Epoxy-functionalized ABS-g-GMA powder was prepared with polybutadiene as core and styrene-co-acrylonitrile-co-glycidyl methacrylate as shell. The ABS-g-GMA powder, styrene-co-acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN) and triphenyl phosphate (TPP) was melt blended together and halogen-free flame-retardant ABS resin was prepared. The research found that when the content of TPP was 20wt%, the epoxy-functionalized ABS resin (eABS) showed much higher thermo-stability than the ordinary ABS resin. The burning rate of eABS decreased from 35mm/min to 8.6mm/min, mass loss rate decreased from 25%/min to 10%/min and limit oxygen index increased from 22% to 28%. FTIR showed that the chemical reactions took place between eABS and the decomposition products of TPP. The tensile tests and impact test found that the eABS/TPP samples showed higher elastic modulus, tensile strength and impact strength than ABS/TPP samples.
Synthesis and Characterization of pH and Temperature-Sensitive Semi-IPN Hydrogels
Authors: Jiang Shan , Li Xia Qian , Yu Qiang
Published: October 2014

A series of novel cross-linked poly N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAM)/poly diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (PDMDAAC) semi-IPN hydrogels were synthesized through free radical solution polymerization in water at 30°C. FTIR was used to characterize the structure of resultant hydrogels. The pH and temperature sensitivity of hydrogels were systematicly studied, and the swelling properties of hydrogels were also explored. The results show that the semi-IPN hydrogels have both temperature and pH sensitivities. The hydrogels exhibit fast swelling rate and excellent stimuli-responsive behavior.
Study of Rheological Behavior of Calcium Carbonate Filled Polypropylene in Dynamic Extrusion
Authors: Wang Quan , Sun Xiao , Wu Zheng Huan
Published: October 2014

A novel rheological measuring apparatus was designed, which introduced an additional sinusoidal vibration in parallel on the extruding direction of polymer melt in this paper. Melt rheology of polypropylene filled CaCO3 particles in various amounts of filler (i.e. with 3 and 20 wt%) during capillary melt-extrusion were investigated respectively. The effects of vibration parameters on rheological behaviors were studied. Compared with the steady extrusion, the apparent viscosity of filled system decreased remarkably with the increase of vibration frequency and amplitude. The apparent viscosity reached to the minimum value as vibration frequency was about 8 Hz. When the filled percentage of CaCO3 was low, the response of apparent viscosity will be more distinct with the increasing vibration parameters.
Studies on the Synthetic Process of 4,5-Dicyano Dimethyl Phthalate
Authors: Zhang Fei , Wang Shi Rong , Li Xiang Gao , Xiao Yin , Pan Lu Jin
Published: October 2014

4, 5-dicyano dimethyl phthalate was an intermediate of the synthesis of phthalocyanine compounds substituted carboxyl. Under the existence of the solvent methanol, 4, 5-dibromo dimethyl phthalate was synthesized by 4,5-Dibromophthalic acid and thionyl chloride.Then it was with cuprous cyanide to get 4,5-dicyano dimethyl phthalate. By studying the process conditions, we got the optimal reaction conditions of 4,5-Dibromo dimethyl phthalate which was thionyl chloride: 4,5-Dibromophthalic acid (2.5:1.0 , molar ratio) and by enlarging 10 times of the experimental conditions, we got the yield 86.4% which was higher than the reported 66.8%.And the optimal reaction conditions of 4,5-dicyano dimethyl phthalate was that high purity argon, absolutely anhydrous DMF, cuprous cyanide and 4,5-Dibromo dimethyl phthalate whose molar ratio were 4.0:1.0. By enlarging 10 times of the experimental conditions, we got the yield 19.0%.
Thermal Stability and Electrical Conductivity of Graphite Nanosheets/Polyaniline Composites
Authors: Ma Ying Xia , Lu Cui Ping , Wang Ru Juan , Du Xue Yan
Published: October 2014

Composites of graphite nanosheets (GNS) fillers in a polyaniline (PANI) matrix doped with dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid were synthesized by polymerization with the aid of sonication. The resulting GNS/PANI composites were characterized by scanning and trans-mission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy, thermogravimetry and electrical conductivity. The results showed that the GNS play an important role in the improvement of thermal stability and electrical conductivity of the composites. Especially, followed the change of GNS contents of the composites, the results of the thermal stability analysis and electrical conductivity analysis got the same variation trend. When the GNS contents for PANI reached 5 wt% in the composites, the best thermal stability and the maximum value of electrical conductivity (6.48 S·cm-1) were obtained.
First Principle Calculation of Anti-Ferromagnetic Characteristics of Zn0.875Co0.125O
Authors: Chen Chun Tian , Qiao Yu Long , Yang Hai Feng , Wang Dong Sheng , Shi Qi Chao , He Li Juan
Published: October 2014

A variety of different magnetic structure models of cobalt doped zinc oxide have been calculated by density functional theory (DFT) of first-principle method. Crystal structure parameters and the total energy of the models are obtained through the computational simulation. Through contrasting and analyzing the total energy of each of the structure models, it is found that the cobalt doped zinc oxide crystal material with anti-ferromagnetic state is more stable than the one with ferromagnetic state. The electronic structure of the models with anti-ferromagnetic is investigated and the results show that the cobalt 3d electrons have a great impact on the characteristics of the electronic structure of the zinc oxide.
High Performance LaCo0.6Ni0.4O3-δ Cathode Contact Material for Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Li Dao Guang , Wang Fang Zhong , Zhang Wen Ying , Pu Jian
Published: October 2014

LaCo0.6Ni0.4O3-δ (LCN) as cathode contact material (CCM) for application in solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is studied in this paper. LCN is prepared through the polymeric steric entrapment precursor route with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as the entrapment agent and then calcined at 800 °C and 1100 °C for 3 h respectively. Polished SUS430 pellets heated at 800 °C for 6 days as well as the untreated ones are used as interconnect. The assembly of LCN calcined at 800 °C with pretreated SUS430 at 800 °C for 6 days exhibit the best performance of a low and stable ASR value about 112 mΩ cm2 at the end of the 200 h test. The calcination temperature and the pretreatment of interconnect are considered to be crucial factors affecting the ASR property of LCN CCM for application in stack.
Application of Colour Changing Fulgimide on Wool Fibre
Authors: Lv Ning Ning , Zhang Yan
Published: October 2014

2-Indolylfulgimide was synthesized to examine the practical dyeing feasibilities and behaviors. A one-pot efficient process was discovered with good yield (52%). The color changing properties of fulgimide in solvents and on wool fibers were investigated. With UV irradiation, fulgimide showed color variation from light yellow to light red. The same color changing behavior appeared in the wool fiber which was dyed with 2-indolylfulgimide through a normal acid dye dyeing process.
Multifractal, Structural and Optical Properties of HfO2 Thin Films
Authors: Li Zhi , Ma Chun Yu , Zhang Qing Yu
Published: October 2014

HfO2films were sputter deposited under varying substrate temperatures (Ts) and their structural and morphological characteristics, optical properties were systematically studied by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscope (AFM), and UV/VIS spectrophotometry. A statistical analysis based on multifractal formalism shows the uniformity of the height distribution increases asTsis increased and the widths Δαof multifractal spetra are related to the average grain sizeD(-111)as Δα∼ [D(-111)]-0.83. The monoclinic HfO2is highly oriented along (-111) direction with increasingTs. The Lattice expansion increases with diminishing HfO2crystalline size below 7 nm while maximum lattice expansion occurs with highly oriented monoclinic HfO2of crystalline size about 14.8 nm. The film growth process atTs≥ 200°C with surface diffusion energy of ∼ 0.29 eV is evident from the structural analysis of HfO2films.
Research on Synthesis of Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) Films with Assistance of Copper Ions by Electrodeposition Technique at Low Voltage
Authors: Zhu Qi Bao , Xiang Bing Kun , Yang Ye , Meng Zhao Sheng , Wang Shi Jie , Zuo Dun Weng
Published: October 2014

With assistance of copper ions diamond-like carbon (DLC) films were deposited on Cu substrate by liquid-phase electrochemical deposition method from a mixture of ethanol as carbon source and deionized water containing K2CO3 as electrolytic. The electrode process was analyzed and the morphology, composition and structure of the films were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy respectively. The results show that: on the condition of 40V and 7mm between the electrodes DLC films were deposited by adding K2CO3. With assistance of copper ions the electrode reaction was promoted, the deposition rate was improved. SEM shows that the DLC film deposited with copper ions assisting is comprised of uniformly distributed particles. And the Raman spectrum shows that the G band position moves to lower wavenumber and the ratio ID/IG decreases which indicate that there is more sp3 content in the film.
Preparation and Characterization of Polysulfone/Ru Nanocluster Hybrid Hollow Fiber Membrane
Authors: Jiang Chun Yan , Yan Cheng , Liu Shu Zheng , Zhang Yu Hua , Zhang Ai Qing , Zeng Fan Di
Published: October 2014

Polysulfone/Ru nanocluster hybrid hollow fiber membranes with different Ru content were fabricated by the dry/wet spinning process. The structures and properties of Ru nanocluster, PSF hollow films and PSF/Ru hybrid hollow fiber films were characterized by TEM, SEM, XPS, XRD, TGA, etc. The results showed that the Ru particles, which may coordinate with O and S in polysulfone, distributed symmetrically with an average diameter about 1~2 nm. More finger-like pores of the hybrid membranes were obtained after adding Ru nanocluster, and the thermal properties of the membranes increased while the mechanical properties decreased.
First-Order Phase Transition and Magnetocaloric Effect of MnFeP0.63Ge0.12Si0.25 Compound
Authors: Wang Gao Feng , Zhao Zeng Ru , Zhang Xiao Bin , Zhang Xue Feng
Published: October 2014

In this paper, the magnetic phase transition and magnetocaloric effect have been investigated in the Fe2P-type MnFeP0.63Ge0.12Si0.25compound. The X-ray diffraction patterns measured at different temperatures indicate that the crystal structure remains and the lattice parameters change sharply near the transition temperature when a phase transition takes place. The isofield magnetization curves on heating and cooling and the Arrott plots reveal that the nature of the transition is first order. The characteristic of giant magnetocaloric effect results from the field-induced first-order metamagnetic phase transition, which makes the compound having potential applications in magnetic refrigeration.
The Stress Research during the HCPEB Treatment on the Thermal Barrier Coatings
Authors: Han Zhi Yong , Wang Xiao Mei , Wang Zhi Ping
Published: October 2014

The 3-dimension temperature field mold is used to simulate the HCPEB treatment on the thermal barrier coating via Abaqus software. The stress distribution within the coating and the temperature variation during HCPEB treatment are simulated. It demonstrate that: with the outer energy increasing,the temperature distribution along with the vertical direction decreases: with the outer energy vanishing and the mold cooling down,the surface cools down first while the inner part of the coatings increases,then the inner energy releases through the surface and the whole mold cools down to the room temperature. The rate of temperature to time could reach 106 K/s-107 K/s. The stress decreases first and then increases along with the vertical direction of the coatings. The surface stress decreases at first, then rebounds to 0.5MPa and finally come to a stable value.
Microwave-Assisted Synthesis and Permeation Performance of NaA Zeolite Membrane by Secondary Growth Method
Authors: Cheng Zhi Lin , Liu Ying Ying
Published: October 2014

The highly intergrown NaA zeolite membranes on seeded α-Al2O3substrate were synthesized by microwave heating method. The preparation of seeds with the size of ca.120nm employed the vapor phase transport method (VPT). The XRD patterns indicated that the pure NaA zeolite membranes formed on the seeded α-Al2O3substrate for varied synthesis times. However, the peak intensity of NaA zeolite membrane with synthesis time of 50min obviously decreased, suggesting that the NaA membrane could take place the dissolution at that time. The SEM images indicated that the NaA zeolite membranes with synthesis time of 15-30min had a good integrity and consisted of highly intergrown zeolite crystals, but the NaA membrane with synthesis time of 50min appeared some large defects, further verifying the result of XRD pattern. The gas permeability showed that the maximum of H2/N2and H2/C3H8permselectivities attained 4.23 and 8.24, respectively, higher than those of the corresponding Knudsen diffusion. These results suggested that the diffusion of gases, at least in part, are affected by the pore size of zeolite and the function of molecular sieving can be embodied on the synthesized membrane.
Influence of Extending Ratio on Mechanical and Piezoelectric Properties of Irradiation Cross-Linked Polypropylene Films
Authors: Zhang Xin Wu , Zhang Xiao Qing
Published: October 2014

Stretchable piezoelectret films may be applied in sensor skins, wearable equipment, micro-energy harvesters and so on. Irradiation cross-linked polypropylene (IXPP) foam sheets could be stretchable piezoelectrets after proper modification of microstructure and polarization. In this article, commercial IXPP foam sheets were modified by a process consisting of hot-pressing and extending and rendered piezoelectric by corona charging, and the influence of extending ratio on the stretchability and piezoelectric properties were investigated. The quasi-static piezoelectricd33coefficients up to 427 pC/N are achieved, which well retained to the strain up to 11%. The result shows that in the surface parallel plane, the Young’s module in extending and transverse direction show typical anisotropism, which retains as the secondary extending ratio increases from 0% to 110%, while in the surface normal direction, the Young’s module of the film decreases from 0.87 to 0.34 MPa. The stretchability of the modified film is significantly improved compared to which of the origin film.
The Preparation and Characteristic Research of Keratin Powder Based on TCEP
Authors: Liu Jian Yong , Wang Jie , Li Hao Ming
Published: October 2014

In this paper, the wool was pretreated by TCEP (Tris (2-carboxyethyl) phosphine) a certain time, and then prepared wool keratin powder by mechanical lapping. The characteristics of the keratin powder carried out by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). From the FTIR analysis, TCEP first role in α-helical structure of wool, making its decline, and then acting on β-sheet. From the DSC analysis, the melting peak temperature of α-crystalline with the time of TCEP effect on wool, presenting the trend of first increased and then drophave. Dissolved the keratin powder in 88% formic acid, then keratin films were maded.The characteristics of the keratin films were measured, the moisture content of keratin film increases with the time of wool treated with TCEP. And the dissolution rate and ultimate strength in line with the change of FTIR and DSC analysis results.
Bionic Joint Surface Shape’s Influence on Coating Tool’s Bonding Strength between Coating and Substrate
Authors: Xie Feng , Lei Xiao Bao , Wang Xiu Ying
Published: October 2014

This paper takes healthy teeth as research objects, and carries on data fitting to the enamel-dentinal joint surface based on least squares method and optimizes it. According to the result of data fitting, a series of joint surface shapes are designed and mathematical models of bionic design surfaces are given out. ABAQUS software is used to simulate and analyze the bonding strength of coating and substrate for different joint surfaces based on the transverse substrate stretched test, and the best shape parameters are obtained under a certain coating thickness. At last, the above data with the results of different plane joint surface are compared. The results show that the new bionic designed joint surface based on the enamel-dentinal joint surface of teeth can optimize coating stress distribution and improve coating tool’s bonding strength.
The Biocompatibility on Medical High Nitrogen Nickel-Free Stainless Steel In Vitro
Authors: Zou Xing Zheng , Ge Shu Ping , Wang Hong , Li Fang , Zhang Shi Qing , Tang Rui , Wang Jin Tai , Yu Feng
Published: October 2014

The biocompatibility of the austenitic stainless steel with different nitrogen contents was studied, The MTT(3-(4,5-Dimethylthi azol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetra zolium bromide) assay, platelet adhesion and hemolysis rate test were used to examine the cytotoxicity. The cell compatibility of materials was investigated by cell adhesion test. Hemolysis rate test and platelet adhesion were used to examine the blood compatibility. The cell toxicity test showed that the nickel free austenitic stainless steel materials of different nitrogen content and the control group of titanium alloy materials had no significant side effects for vascular endothelial cells. The cell adhesion test showed that the cell number of vascular endothelial in the austenitic stainless steel was more than the titanium alloy materials, and the cells grow in good condition. The hemolysis rate was lower than 5%, and the influence of platelet was not significant, and pyrogen test results can be considered that such material extracts heat checking compliance with safety regulations.
Preparation and Charaterization of Poly(1,4–Butanediol-Citrate) Elastomers and CdTe/Poly(1,4–Butanediol-Citrate) Composite Bioelastomers
Authors: Jiang Li , Qin Ai Miao , Liao Lei , Wu Xiu Lan , Yu Xin Liang
Published: October 2014

Poly (1, 4–butanediol-citrate) elastomer (PBC) network polyester bioelastomer and high fluorescent CdTe/PBC nanocomposite bioelastomer were obtained by melting polycondensation with citric acid and monomer 1, 4-Butylene glycol as monomers. The structures and properties of the products were characterized by FTIR,DSC and fluorescent spectra, etc. It shows that the glass transition temperature of the PBC and CdTe/PBC were all lower than 0°C. Both PBC and CdTe/PBC were amorphous, transparent and highly flexible. They also have good hydrophilicity, degradation, and stability in dimensions. The biodegradation and water uptake of elastomers PBC and CdTe/PBC could be modulated by adjusting the monomers ratio and post-polymerization time. CdTe/PBC has high fluorescence and is expected to be useful in soft tissue engineering with the function of fluorescence biomarker.
Preparation of Purity Al2O3 for LED Sapphire Materials by Ammonium Aluminum Sulfate and its Performance
Authors: Chen Ting Yi , Lu Wen , Liu Wei , Xie Ya Dian , Fu Ye Qi
Published: October 2014

The preparation of aluminium sulfate adopting the sulfuric acid heating method with Al (OH)3 as raw material, and join the β complexing agent in aluminium sulfate solution to remove impurities; ammonium aluminum sulfat is prepared by the reaction of the ammonium solution and aluminum sulfate, and purify ammonium aluminum sulfate to get high purity ammonium aluminum sulfate crystals containing crystal water. Purify the crystallization of ammonium aluminum sulfate with containing water treated at 1250 °C for 3 h. Then the high purity alumina was prepared. Break the high purity alumina to press, and then again process in 3 h under 1650 °C, get Al203 which is craw materials of sapphire crystal LED. The samples were characterized by atomic absorption spectrum (AAS), differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA), scanning electron microscopy, XRD and chemical analysis. The purity of high purity alumina is 99.991%, which will be applied to the LED manufacturers on sapphire artificial sapphire growth test.
Technical Textiles as an Innovative Material for Reinforcing of Elements from High Performance Concretes (HPC)
Authors: Laiblová Lenka , Vlach Tomáš , Chira Alexandru , Novotná Magdaléna , Fiala Ctislav , Ženíšek Michal , Hájek Petr
Published: October 2014

In civil engineering, steel reinforced concrete is currently still the most widely used composite material. For broad spectrum of utilization is the most important combination of a high compressive and tensile strength [1]. The increasing demand for subtle concrete elements gave impetus to the development of the new materials for the reinforcement of concrete which are non-corrodible and thus do not need such a thick coating layer-technical textiles. These composite materials are known under the title Textile Reinforced Concrete – TRC. The current research reported the use of AR glass fibers reinforced material for HPC and comparison with other reinforced materials.
Study of Accelerated Production of Prestressed Concrete Sleepers Using Strut-and-Tie Model
Authors: Tantipidok Patarapol , McLaughin Dinara , Štemberk Petr
Published: October 2014

When designing the technological process for producing prestressed concrete sleepers on a large scale, it is especially important to achieve substantial reduction of production time due to the economic aspect. In this study, an estimation of the earliest possible time to release prestressing force from the wire with respect to bond development is presented, thus, allowing earlier removal and reuse of a prestressed concrete sleeper formwork. Time-dependent development of concrete compressive and tensile strength is defined according to fib Model Code 2010. A Strut-and-Tie Model has been adapted as a design method for establishing the transmission length required for anchoring prestressed wires in a prestressed concrete sleeper in accordance with the bond stress. Additional calculations have established that the method is consistent with the Eurocode approach.
Utilization of Fine Recycled Aggregate and the Calcareous Fly Ash in CLSM Manufacturing
Authors: Kubissa Wojciech , Jaskulski Roman , Szpetulski Jacek , Gabrjelska Anna , Tomaszewska Ewelina
Published: October 2014

In the article the possibility of utilization of two waste materials: Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA) fraction 0-2 mm and Class C fly ash (from lignite burning power plant) in Controlled Low-Strength Material (CLSM) was presented. The research covered twelve different mixtures. The mixtures differed in cement and fly ash content as well as content of the fine aggregate. As a fine aggregate 0-2 mm fraction of RCA or river sand were used. The results showed that use the fine fraction RCA instead of sand does not cause technological problems and allows, depending on the needs, obtaining the material with different properties and a wide range of applications.
Composite Material Based on Cement and PVA: Evolution of Mechanical Properties during First 28 Days
Authors: Lidmila Martin , Tesárek Pavel , Plachy Tomáš , Prošek Zdeněk , Nežerka Václav , Topič Jaroslav
Published: October 2014

The aim of the presented study was to find a relationship between PVA concentration and properties of cement pastes. The PVA solution was added into fresh mortar in the amount equal to 1.4 and 2.8 % of cement weight. The produced samples were consequently stored in different curing conditions – exposed to air in common laboratory environment or submerged in water. The development of the dynamic Young’s and shear moduli was monitored using the non-destructive resonance method during first 28 days of hardening. The obtained data were compared to the measurements of a pure cement reference paste.
The Static and the Dynamic Modulus of Elasticity of Recycled Aggregate Concrete
Authors: Pavlů Tereza , Šefflová Magdaléna
Published: October 2014

The main aim of this contribution is description of the static and the dynamic modulus of elasticity of concrete containing recycled aggregate. Recycled construction and demolition waste, especially recycled concrete, is able to use as an aggregate for concrete, but using of recycled aggregate has a negative impact of concrete characteristic. This paper presents results of non-destructive measurement of recycled aggregate concrete properties. Series of concrete samples with 100% replacement ratios of coarse natural aggregate by coarse recycled aggregate from different sources were prepared for this study. The static and the dynamic modulus of elasticity were investigated on specimens 100 x 100 x 400 mm. All tested mixtures were also tested on compressive strength.
Thermal Properties of Concrete with Recycled Aggregate
Authors: Šefflová Magdaléna , Volf Martin , Pavlů Tereza
Published: October 2014

Currently, the emphasis is put on sustainable buildings; simultaneously, the emphasis is put on energy efficiency in buildings, with respect to this fact of necessity to test thermal properties of new building materials. This article deals with the thermal properties of concrete containing recycled concrete aggregate. Four types of recycled concrete aggregate were used for the production of the concrete. For the testing of concrete, a total of ten concrete mixtures were made, one of which was a reference mixture and the natural aggregate was replaced by recycled aggregate of varying ratio in the other mixtures. Finally, it is possible to say that according to the thermal properties of the recycled aggregate concrete is possible to be used in the same applications as conventional concrete.