bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Digital Therapeutics Real-World Evidence Framework: An Approach for Guiding Evidence-Based Digital Therapeutics Design, Development, Testing, and Monitoring (Preprint)
Authors: Kim Meelim , Patrick Kevin , Nebeker Camille , Godino Job , Stein Spencer , Klasnja Predrag , Perski Olga , Viglione Clare , Coleman Aaron , Hekler Eric
Published: May 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

Digital therapeutics (DTx) are a promising way to provide safe, effective, accessible, sustainable, scalable, and equitable approaches to advance individual and population health. However, developing and deploying DTx is inherently complex in that DTx includes multiple interacting components, such as tools to support activities like medication adherence, health behavior goal-setting or self-monitoring, and algorithms that adapt the provision of these according to individual needs that may change over time. While myriad frameworks exist for different phases of DTx development, no single framework exists to guide evidence production for DTx across its full life cycle, from initial DTx development to long-term use. To fill this gap, we propose the DTx real-world evidence (RWE) framework as a pragmatic, iterative, milestone-driven approach for developing DTx. The DTx RWE framework is derived from the 4-phase development model used for behavioral interventions, but it includes key adaptations that are specific to the unique characteristics of DTx. To ensure the highest level of fidelity to the needs of users, the framework also incorporates real-world data (RWD) across the entire life cycle of DTx development and use. The DTx RWE framework is intended for any group interested in developing and deploying DTx in real-world contexts, including those in industry, health care, public health, and academia. Moreover, entities that fund research that supports the development of DTx and agencies that regulate DTx might find the DTx RWE framework useful as they endeavor to improve how DTxcan advance individual and population health.
Analisis Wacana Kritis Tentang Pekerjaan Petani Muda di Media Sosial
Authors: Normalita Ivanda , Harianto Sugeng
Published: May 2023

Fenomena terkait krisis regenerasi petani muda menjadi masalah di Indonesia. Hasil statistik menunjukkan petani didominasi oleh golongan tua berusia 45-55 tahun dengan 28.22%. Adapun faktor penyebab yaitu, stigma masyarakat, keluarga kurang mendukung, dan lainnya. Namun demikian, ternyata masih ada pemuda yang masih bertahan menjadi petani dan memiliki kehidupan yang layak. Terlihat dari empat media sosial meliputi: Youtube akun Capcapung, Facebook akun Petani Muda Indonesia Sukses (PMIS), Instagram akun @akupetani.id, serta tiktok akun @petanimilenial_indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis wacana kritis tentang pekerjaan petani muda di media sosial melalui aspek teks, konteks sosial, kognisi sosial dari Van Dijk. Metode penelitian ini kualitatif dengan pisau analisis wacana kritis dari Van Dijk. Teknik pengumpulan data primer dilakukan dengan dokumentasi dan observasi terbagi atas video dan teks. Sedangkan sekunder berupa buku, jurnal, dan lainnya. Analisis data mengacu Van Dijk meliputi, teks, kognisi sosial dan konteks sosial. Guna mempertajam penelitian ini menggunakan perspektif James S. Coleman mengenai tindakan pemuda menjadi petani dengan memanfaatkan media sosial sebagai tujuannya. Hasil menunjukkan media sosial mampu meningkatkan kondisi petani muda dalam menghadapi tantangan keterbatasan modal, alat pertanian dan lahan pertanian. Selanjutnya, hasil analisis elemen teks menunjukkan perbedaan pada setiap akun media sosial baik dari segi visual maupun isi konten. Namun, persamaan pada keempat media sosial tersebut menunjukkan mematahkan stigma pekerjaan petani bagi pemuda. Hasil bagian kognisi sosial memperlihatkan terdapat kesadaran yang dilakukan petani muda untuk mengatasi masalah krisis regenerasi petani dengan melakukan kampanye sosial. Sedangkan, hasil konteks sosial yaitu kekuasaan petani muda melalui pengetahuan dengan menggunakan akses media sosial.
Combination of Wild ginger, Honey, and Probiotics as Growth Prometer Candidates : An in Vitro Study
Authors: Malelak Marlin Cindy Claudya , Wahyuni Agnesia Endang Tri Hastuti , Wijayanti Agustina Dwi , Prakasita Vinsa Cantya
Published: May 2023

Growth Promoter Antibiotics are used to prevent disease and promote growth and production in poultry. Repeated admnistration of feed can have a microorganic resistance effect, accumulation of antibiotic residues in animal and environmental products and imbalance of normal microflora in the intestine. The antibacterial and carbohydrate content of some natural ingredients can be potential as a replacement candidate for AGP. This study aims to determine the role of a combination of wild ginger, honey, and probiotics (Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus acidophilus) as AGP candiate in Vitro. The antibacterial activity of the combination of wild ginger and honey against pathogens (E. coli) and their use against probiotics was tested by disk diffusion method, while the calculation of optical density values to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration was carried out on E. coli. The ability of inhibition of probiotics against pathogens is also done by the disk diffusion method. The disk diffusion test results showed the best combination was extract of 25% wild ginger aquades + 100% Lombok honey with inhibition zone diameter (8,53 ±, 03). Optical density values indicate this combination is able to inhibit and kill E. coli (DO 0,00 ±, 002) and support B. subtilis (DO 0,18 ±, 002) and L. acidophilus (DO 0.25 ±, 005) significantly better than positive control. MIC value of wild ginger aquades extract and honey combination against E. coli is wild ginger aquades extract 3.13% + Lombok honey 25%, while MBC value is wild ginger aquades extract 6,25% + Lombok honey 25%. The combination of B. subtilis and L. acidophilus showed the largest inhibitory zone diameter against E. coli (7,30 ±, 02 mm) compared to individual colonies. The combination of wild ginger and honey, in addition to inhibiting also able to kill pathogens and support the growth of probiotics, so this formula can be used as one of the replacement candidates for AGP.
ISOLASI SALMONELLA SP. DAN PREVALENSINYA PADA TEMBOLOK (INGLUVIENS) AYAM BURAS DAN AYAM RAS DI PASAR AYAM PEUNAYONG KOTA BANDA ACEH (Isolation of Salmonella sp. and Prevalence from Crops (Ingluviens) in Local Chicken and Broiler in Poultry Market Peunayong Banda Aceh)
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , . Erina , AK M. Daud , . Fakhrurrazi , Jalaluddin M. , Helmi Teuku Zahrial
Published: May 2023

Abstract              The crop is the part of the chicken's digestive tract that is more likely to break during processing. This research aimed to isolate Salmonella sp. from crop in local chickens and broiler from the Peunayong Chicken Market in Banda Aceh. Samples were swab contents of crop from 15 crops of local chickens and 15 crops of broiler. This research is a Cross sectional study with Carter method, starts with a swab of crop contents and then is inserted into the Selenite Cystine Broth (SCB) media, if the color of the media becomes orange, then followed by streaking bacteria on Salmonella Shigella Agar (SSA) media. Then observed the morphology that grew on SSA media including size, shape, surface, elevation, edges, aspects and colony color, followed by Gram stain to observe bacterial morphology microscopically. The research data were analyzed descriptively, displayed in figures and tables. The results of the isolation showed that 7 from 15 samples (46%) of local chicken cropping and 15 from 15 samples (100%) of broiler were positive for Salmonella sp. Therefore, it can be concluded that Salmonella sp. can be isolated from local chicken and broiler, Salmonella sp. prevalence is higher in broiler than in local chicken.Keywords : Eviserasi; Food borne disease; Gram negatif; Zoonotic disease Abstrak              Tembolok merupakan bagian saluran pencernaan ayam yang lebih mungkin pecah selama pemrosesan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi Salmonella sp. pada tembolok ayam buras dan ayam ras yang berasal dari Pasar Ayam Peunayong Kota Banda Aceh. Sampel berupa swab isi tembolok dari 15 tembolok ayam buras dan 15 tembolok ayam ras. Penelitian ini merupakan Cross sectional dengan metode Carter dimulai dari swab isi tembolok kemudian dimasukkan kedalam media Selenite Cystine Broth (SCB), apabila warna media menjadi orange dilanjutkan dengan penanaman bakteri pada media Salmonella Shigella Agar (SSA). Kemudian diamati morfologi yang tumbuh pada media SSA meliputi ukuran, bentuk, permukaan, elevasi, tepi, aspek dan warna koloni, dilanjutkan dengan pewarnaan Gram untuk mengamati morfologi bakteri secara mikroskopis. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis secara deskriptif, ditampilkan dalam bentuk gambar dan tabel. Hasil isolasi didapatkan bahwa pada 7 dari 15 (46%) sampel tembolok ayam buras dan 15 dari 15 sampel (100%) sampel tembolok ayam ras positif terdapat Salmonella sp. Oleh sebab itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa Salmonella sp. dapat disolasi dari tembolok ayam buras dan ayam ras, prevalensi Salmonella sp. lebih tinggi pada ayam ras dibandingkan ayam buras.Kata kunci : Eviserasi; Food borne Disease; Gram negative; Zoonotic disease
Pengaruh Pemberian Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Terhadap Peningkatan Kualitas Spermatozoa Sapi Bali Pengaruh Pemberian Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Terhadap Peningkatan Kualitas Spermatozoa Sapi Bali
Authors: Sutriana Amalia , Siregar Tongku Nizwan , Sirait Feby Claudia , Melia Juli , . Hafizuddin
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pemberian gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) terhadap peningkatan kualitas spermatozoa sapi bali. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua ekor sapi bali berumur 2 dan 4 tahun dengan rancangan pola bujursangkar latin 2 perlakuan dan 2 periode perlakuan. Perlakuan yang dilakukan adalah P1 (NaCl fisiologis) dan P2 (GnRH 100 µg) dengan interval periode waktu perlakuan adalah satu minggu. Sampel semen dikoleksi menggunakan vagina buatan tiga hari setelah perlakuan. Data hasil pemeriksaan kualitas spermatozoa sapi bali dianalisis dengan uji Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. Berdasarkan uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa pemberian GnRH 100 µg tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap pemeriksaan warna, pH, konsistensi, volume, konsentrasi dan motilitas spermatozoa sapi bali. Hasil pemeriksaan menunjukkan bahwa warna semen pada kedua perlakuan adalah krem dan putih susu. Derajat keasaman (pH); konsistensi; volume semen (ml); konsentrasi (10⁶/ml); dan motilitas spermatozoa (%) sapi  bali pada P1 vs P2 adalah 7,0±0,0 vs 7,0±0,0; 2,5±0,71 vs 3,0±0,0; 4,5±2,8 vs 4,8±2,8; 925±106,07 vs 1210±155,56; dan 69,0±1,41 vs 71,5±0,71 (P>0,05). Disimpulkan bahwa pemberian GnRH 100 µg tidak memengaruhi kualitas spermatozoa sapi bali.
The Practice and Innovation of Energizing the Competitiveness of Brand of County by the IP of Culture and Tourism at Zigui
Authors: Zhiqiang Wang , Boyang Shu , Bozhi Yang
Published: May 2023

The integration of culture and tourism makes the interaction between culture and tourism deeper and closer. After years of vigorous development, the tourism of county is no longer like before building infrastructure in the entire scenic area, and the economy of county no longer relies on hardware construction and a large investment. And now a new focus is needed to promote the economy and brand competitiveness of the county. Combining the IP (intellectual property) construction method in the Internet era with regional brands with local cultural characteristics, an innovative form of IP for county cultural and tourism brands at present is created, the Zigui County of Yichang City is the practical example of the innovative form. Combine with the unique culture of Qu Yuan, the Dragon Boat Festival, and navel orange specialty of Zigui, the IPs of brand of the county that are called “one da three xiao”, which are Qudafu, Chengxiaozi, Zongxiaogui, and Zhouxiaolong, were created. The IPs are deeply loved by tourists, and quickly stand out in the competition of tourism spread in the surrounding counties and cities. By energizing the competitiveness of brand of the county through IP, the new appearance of county brand of the Zigui, which effectively attracts traffic and drives the economic promotion of Zigui County, is displayed with affinity, sustainability and influence.
Research on the Impact of Customer Resources and Demand on Customer Value in Value Co-Creation for Matchmaking Service Enterprise
Authors: Guizi Li
Published: May 2023

This research takes the value co-creation theory as the research background, takes customer resources and customer value as the research objects, and uses the customer demand as the mediating variable to study the relationship between the them. By the data of the emerging matchmaking industry, the research analyzes the role of different levels of customer needs in the impact of customer resources on customer value. This study attempts to reveal the impact of customer resources on customer value from different levels of customer needs, strives to enrich the analytical framework of value co-creation theory.
Artificial Neuron Network-Based Prediction of Fuel Consumption in Antananarivo
Authors: Randrianirina Jean Marc Fabien Sitraka , Andriamahitasoa Bernard Andriamparany , Rakotoarimanana Liva Graffin , Rafanjanirina Eulalie Odilette , Rakotomalala Minoson , Randriamanantany Zely Arivelo
Published: May 2023

The ability to modeling fuel consumption forecast is important to improve fuel quantity suitable for users (individuals, businesses, etc.) to prevent fuel shortages. Kerosene, super fuel and gas oil consumptions forecasting models for Antananarivo region were developed. Model is based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN) learning which used advanced machine learning techniques using backpropagation algorithm. Successful time series and trend patterns given by the three ANN prediction models were presented. To predict 18 months fuel consumption in Antananarivo, ANN models’ accuracy reaches more than 95% accuracy.
Identification of host factors that bind to the 5′ end of the MERS-CoV RNA genome
Authors: Alhatlani Bader Y , Aljabr Waleed , Alhamlan Fatimah S , Almatroudi Ahmad , Azam Mohd , Alsaleem Mansour , Allemailem Khaled S
Published: May 2023

Aim: The aim of this study was to identify host factors that interact with the 5′ end of the MERS-CoV RNA genome. Materials & methods: RNA affinity chromatography followed by mass spectrometry analysis was used to identify the binding of host factors in Vero E6 cells. Results: A total of 59 host factors that bound the MERS-CoV RNA genome in non-infected Vero E6 cells were identified. Most of the identified cellular proteins were previously reported to interact with the genome of other RNA viruses. We validated our mass spectrometry results using western blotting. Conclusion: These data enhance our knowledge about the RNA–host interactions of coronaviruses, which could serve as targets for developing antiviral therapeutics against MERS-CoV.
Nanopartículas de TiO2 fotocatalíticas incorporadas en materiales de construcción. ¡Construyamos edificios inteligentes!
Authors: Rodríguez-Alfaro Luis Felipe , Luévano Hipólito Edith , Torres-Martínez Leticia Myriam
Published: May 2023

En las grandes áreas metropolitanas del mundo se está generando una alta concentración de contaminantes atmosféricos, producto del creciente número de vehículos, fábricas, industrias y construcciones, los cuales están propiciando serios problemas de calidad del aire, de salud pública y de deterioro estructural. Para abordar estos problemas, el uso, en los últimos años, de los materiales de construcción fotocatalíticos ha surgido como una nueva tecnología alternativa para remediar la contaminación de la atmósfera urbana, mantener la estética y la funcionalidad de las infraestructuras. Las grandes áreas superficiales expuestas al sol de cualquier infraestructura proporcionan las condiciones óptimas para la aplicación de materiales fotocatalíticos. El gran interés por esta tecnología ha alentado la creación de diversos materiales de construcción inteligentes con propiedades fotocatalíticas, al incorporarles nanopartículas de TiO2. Por ese motivo, hoy en día se dispone de una gran variedad de productos, tales como pinturas, vidrio, estucos, pavimentos, cementos, entre muchos otros, cuya aplicación se ha promovido recientemente. El propósito del presente trabajo es hacer una revisión integral del proceso fotocatalítico, sus propiedades y sus aplicaciones en la industria de la construcción, así como de los problemas y limitaciones de esta tecnología.
Spy Robot
Authors: Sachan Sakshi , Verma Shipra , Kumar Arun , Sharma Bharat Bhusan
Published: May 2023

Abstract: The major reason for creating this robot is so that it can monitor combatants' movements and maybe take the position of guards who patrol at night. The Robots are equipped with night vision wireless cameras that may send videos of the battlefield to minimise damage and human casualties. Military personnel that enter an uncharted area run a serious risk to their lives. The robot will function as an effective piece of military equipment to reduce the loss of human life and to halt criminal activity. It will make it possible for all military personnel and members of the armed forces to comprehend the situation.
Experimental Evaluation of Quality of TMT/QST Steel Bar by Using TM Ring Test
Authors: Dhongade Mohini
Published: May 2023

bstract: This steel is frequently used on our construction site. However, there are numerous issues with the quality of this steel. Recently, a test method for evaluating the calibre of tempered Martensite rings on TMT steel was developed and refined. The tempered Martensite ring gives TMT rebars their strength, while the ferrite pearlite core gives them their ductility. Because of their unique properties, we use them in earthquake-resistant systems that require both strength and ductility. We bend these components at a 135-degree angle for use in stirrups. A typical 135-degree bend stirrup is seen here. Because of its superior surface crack resistance, TMT rebar will not have a cracked surface. Steel has been employed in structural applications for many decades due to its durability. Designers advocate high strength steel bars in a contemporary concept to reduce steel consumption in reinforced cement concrete (RCC) structures. Microalloying, thermomechanical treatment, cold working, and other methods are used to manufacture them. Some designers believe that thermomechanical treatment (TMT) steel bars are more sensitive to corrosive environments. Corrosion behaviours of high strength steel bars of 500W (weldable steel bar of yield strength 500MPa) grade from two different local industries in fresh water and sea water were studied and compared to weldable low strength (yield strength 300MPa) bars from the same companies. The addition of minor amounts of alloying elements such as Cr, Ni, and Cu enhances the corrosion resistance of steel bars in all test mediums, but strength levels have no effect on the corrosion rate. There is also a link between the degree of tensile property loss and the severity of corrosion damage
Battery Explosion Detection System
Authors: Bhutada Raghav , Vora Shashwat
Published: May 2023

Abstract: Technologies utilising lithium-ion batteries are essential in altering the economy and lowering reliance on fossil fuels. Electricity is being used in manufacturing, transportation, and services. in Europe Within a decade, according to the Commission, everything that can be electrified in Europe will be. To ensure the security of the functioning of battery-powered electronic devices and to direct users in adopting behaviours that can increase battery life and reusability, it is essential to be able to estimate the state of charge (SOC) accurately. In this study, we explore how machine learning models can forecast the state of charge (SOC) of cylindrical Li-Ion batteries while taking into account a range of cells and charge-discharge cycles
Attention-based Speech Emotion Recognition Approach for Medical Application
Authors: Kane Pushkar
Published: May 2023

Abstract: Presently AI is used in various medical fields. Mental health is an important part of the overall health of a person and speech is the primary form for expression of emotion. Thus, Speech Emotion Recognition can be used to understand emotions of the person and help doctors focus on the cure. Speech Emotion recognition is analysis and classification of speech signals to detect the underlying emotions. This paper proposes a model for speech emotion recognition using an attention mechanism. The model is developed using Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs), and a combination of 2D CNN layers and LSTM recurrent layers for temporal aggregation. The proposed model is evaluated using a dataset of speech recordings containing eight emotion categories. The results show that the model achieves 89% accuracy. The attention mechanism is found to improve the recognition performance by focusing on relevant emotional information and ignoring irrelevant information. This research has potential applications in clinical settings in detection as well as treatment for mental health issues.
GPS Tracker and Alcohol Detector with Engine Locking System Using GSM
Authors: Bade Anjali , Patil Jui , Kanase Shradha
Published: May 2023

Abstract: The GPS tracker and alcohol detector with an engine locking system using GSM technology is a project that focuses on promoting road safety and preventing accidents caused by drunk driving. The project utilises an ATmega328 microcontroller as the core processing unit, integrating various components to form a cohesive system. The system includes an MQ sensor responsible for detecting alcohol levels in the driver's breath, ensuring accurate and reliable results. In the event of detecting alcohol above a predefined threshold, the system triggers a series of actions. First, the GPS module pinpoints the exact location of the vehicle, providing crucial information for prompt response. Simultaneously, an SMS is sent to authorised authority members, alerting them about the situation and sharing the vehicle's GPS coordinates. This enables swift intervention and appropriate action to be taken. To further prevent the intoxicated driver from continuing to operate the vehicle, an engine locking mechanism is employed. A relay is utilised to immobilise the engine, rendering it inoperable until the situation is resolved. Additionally, an audible warning is sounded through a buzzer to alert the driver and draw attention to the abnormality. The LCD display is incorporated to provide real-time information, displaying essential parameters such as alcohol concentration, vehicle location, and system status. This visual feedback assists both the driver and the authorities in understanding the situation and facilitates efficient decision-making. By combining these components, the GPS tracker and alcohol detector system with an engine locking mechanism offers a comprehensive solution to combat drunk driving. Its ability to detect alcohol levels, communicate with authorities, immobilise the engine, and provide location information helps ensure the safety of individuals on the road and reduces the risks associated with alcohol-impaired driving
IOT Based Smart Blind Stick
Authors: Keerthi U
Published: May 2023

Abstract: People who are blind today must deal with several challenges in their daily lives. Using a blind stick to direct them and a buzzer to inform them with beeps is the new strategy that is presented in this system to assist them. Any object, including impediments, might be easily located with the use of an ultrasonic sensor. They could message a relative in case of any issues. In order to assist people who are blind or visually impaired, the "IoT based blind stick" project is proposed. This proposed system is implemented using Renesas. An IoT project is useful for the blind person and sensors are also connecting to a blind stick. They can use this stick for safe walk and they could move from one place to another place.
Private and Secure Medical Data Transmission Using Wireless Network with QR Code
Authors: Gaikwad Prof. Priyanka , Chinchane Dipak , Ansari Amaan , Bakale Prathmesh , Lembhe Pradnyesh
Published: May 2023

Abstract: In medical management, more and more information technology is applied to improve work efficiency. For example, the hospital information management system is used for basic information and medical management of patients, and the onedimensional and two-dimensional codes on the wrist are used for quick reading or inputting patient identification (ID), etc. Although computerization is more convenient, due to immature technology or management flaws, there are certain security risks in various typical scenarios, such as disclosure of user privacy through reporting transparency, lack of strict control over the consultation of confidential medical records, the absence of technical verification for the confirmation of the infusion, etc. Identity is easy to fake, payment is inconvenient, etc. Security issues are discussed in more detail below. Healthcare applications are considered a promising area for wireless sensor networks, where patients can be monitored using wireless medical networks (WMN). Current trends in WMN healthcare research focus on reliable patient communication, patient mobility, and energy-efficient delivery.
Smooth Metric Adjusted Skew Information Rates
Authors: Yamaguchi Koji , Tajima Hiroyasu
Published: May 2023

Metric adjusted skew information, induced from quantum Fisher information, is a well-known family of resource measures in the resource theory of asymmetry. However, its asymptotic rates are not valid asymmetry monotone since it has an asymptotic discontinuity. We here introduce a new class of asymmetry measures with the smoothing technique, which we term smooth metric adjusted skew information. We prove that its asymptotic sup- and inf-rates are valid asymptotic measures in the resource theory of asymmetry. Furthermore, it is proven that the smooth metric adjusted skew information rates provide a lower bound for the coherence cost and an upper bound for the distillable coherence.
Correlation between Hearing Loss with Acute Encephalitis Syndrome in Indonesian Children
Authors:   Neurology Division, Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Dr Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, Gunawan Prastiya Indra , Polanunu Masayu Ramadhani ,   Neurology Division, Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Dr Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
Published: May 2023

OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to correlate hearing loss and clinical characteristics in children following Acute Encephalitis Syndrome. METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the pediatric neurology outpatient clinic and audiology outpatient clinic of Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya from August 2018 to January 2019. Written informed consent was obtained from parents before the study. Cases of AES with ages three months to 18 years were included. Age, fever, seizures, decreased consciousness and brain edema were analyzed. Hearing loss was evaluated by using Otoport Automated Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR). Statistical analysis was done by using the Fisher Exact test. RESULTS: A total of 25 children were enrolled in the study, 60 % male and 52% aged < 12 months. There was a diagnosis of meningoencephalitis in 52% of patients, and hearing loss occurred in 5 patients. Age, fever, seizure, decreased consciousness and brain edema were evaluated as clinical characteristics of hearing loss. Fever > 39°C (p = 0,046), seizure ≥ 30 minutes (p = 0,038) and decreased consciousness (Glasglow Coma Scale (GCS) ≤ 8) (p = 0.002) were significantly correlated with hearing loss in AES. CONCLUSION: Fever, seizure and decreased consciousness correlated with hearing loss in children with AES. KEYWORDS: Acute Encephalitis Syndrome, Children, Consciousness, Disease, Hearing loss, Infection
SYNSMASKINEN
Authors: Frans Jacobi
Published: May 2023

SYNSMASKINEN: an inquiry into contemporary political crises

SYNSMASKINEN is a new artist-group and an inquiry into contemporary political crises. The project will consist of art projects, each exploring a certain aspect or manifestation of contemporary crisis. Together these visions are attempts to unfold a contemporary cosmology; a new political horizon.

SYNSMASKINEN is an artist-group in the sense that each production is made in collaboration between a small group of participants. Each art project will be made by new groups of artists and thinkers. In this sense SYNSMASKINEN will probe the concept of the research-group: What kind of insights does artistic thinking provide? How can collectivity address the political issues of topics in a critical manner?

The name, SYNSMASKINEN is taken from the Danish and Norwegian translations of Paul Virilio’s seminal book on the techniques of perception, La Machine De Vision. The name SYNSMASKINEN contains the methodological program: SYN=vision / MASKIN=machine

SYNSMASKINEN is the third large-scale research-project at Bergen Academy of Art & Design. Following Re-Place and Topographies of the Obsolete the project offers a continuation of and an addition to the new tradition of kunstnerisk utvikling/artistic research at the core the Department of Art. SYNSMASKINEN is organised by professor Frans Jacobi, artistic-research leader Åse Løvgren and research assistant Benedicte Clementsen.

www.synsmaskinen.net
(Un-) settling Sites and Styles
Authors: Einar Røttingen  , Bente Elisabeth Finseraas
Published: May 2023

(Un-)settling sites and styles: In search of new expressive means.
Eight performers (voice, piano, violin, cello), one musicologist and one composer aspired to unsettle their habitual ways of working with musical interpretation of 20th century and contemporary Norwegian composers. By collaborating to develop new perspectives and methods, they investigated questions of style and how different sites influenced their rehearsals and performances.
How do performers find new expressive means? How can intersubjective exchange within a research group contribute to articulating tacit knowledge? How can mutual unsettling approaches influence conventional or subjective attitudes of fidelity to a score or a performance tradition? How can novel sounds, musical material and musical meaning emerge beyond prejudiced conceptions or through improvisation?
The three-year project was facilitated by the Norwegian Artistic Research Programme and the Faculty of Fine Art, Music and Design (Grieg Academy), University of Bergen, and resulted in texts, sound recordings, videos, and new commented score editions.
Multiphonics for Stringed Instruments: Performance Practice and Research Practice
Authors: Ellen Fallowfield
Published: May 2023

I contextualise my work in cello multiphonics in the framework of practice-based research and key modern developments, such as music-as-performance and contemporary technique. I describe the processes and outputs involved in my research in terms of performance practice and research practice, and provide videos to demonstrate the practical use of a recently released app for cello harmonics and multiphonics.
Playing the unplayable - Horatiu Radulescu
Authors: Roger Heaton
Published: May 2023

Romanian/French composer Horațiu Rădulescu (1942–2008) might superficially be thought of as part of the French spectral group with Grisey, Murail and others, but spectralism is a very broad church and Radulescu’s work, as he states, radically transforms compositional technique away from treating sound from the outside, organising sounds produced in traditional ways; rather, he explores the possibility of sound’s autonomy, of ‘entering the sound’.
Rădulescu’s music from the late 1960s onwards is built from sound situations created by different treatments of fundamentals, the spectra produced by these treatments, and the isolation of individual spectra. The music evolves ‘naturally’ from the initial organisation of sound sources and formal structures, its interest lying in the interaction of the resulting harmonics, difference tones, sub-tones, rhythmic beats, and so on. The material of music is no longer the manipulation of pitch and rhythm but a ‘living matter’ that Rădulescu calls ‘sound plasma’.
As an example of Rădulescu’s work, this exposition presents an analysis from the performer’s point of view of The Inner Time for solo clarinet (1983), illuminating the challenges posed by attempting to realise this score in performance. The piece, lasting 28 minutes, is composed in 137 modules or ‘aural filters’ notated as microtonal frequencies. The clarinettist uses multiphonics, harmonics and what Rădulescu calls ‘yellow tremoli’ (trills on one pitch, colour trills, bisbigliando) following notated rhythmic patterns where pitches are split apart and the harmonics explored individually, then building and layering on top of each other.
Coup de la Glotte and Voix Blanche
Authors: Ingela Tagil
Published: May 2023

This exposition explores aspects of the vocal techniques promoted by the Garcia School, in particular Manuel Garcia the younger (1805–1906). Despite his aim to improve the male opera voice, Garcia and his successors had their greatest success with female singers. I believe that, to the extent that they may be considered as significant factors in why the Garcia School was extraordinary successful with female singers, especially high sopranos and coloratura sopranos, some parts of Garcia’s vanished techniques may benefit female voices today.
Garcia’s controversial term Coup de la glotte, his definition of breathing support, and his term for a high larynx position, voix blanche, provide the main focus for the exposition. My core research questions are:
1. How do Garcia’s techniques coup de la glotte (hard tone onset) and voix blanche (high larynx position) affect female opera voice progression?
2. Do these techniques have any relevance today?
I have conducted experiments with seven sopranos, three of them professionals and four opera students at the Bern University of Arts. All participants sang the same Garcia exercises and the same aria, a part of Lucia’s mad-scene from Donizetti’s Lucia di Lammermoor. All these experiments were filmed, with the camera focused on the singer’s glottis while they sang using Garcia’s techniques.
I am now evaluating the experiments and comparing them with early recordings. I have found that some of Garcia’s techniques, especially the higher breathing support together with the higher larynx positions are really useful to some high sopranos, especially in certain bel canto repertoire. Garcia was already old-fashioned during his own lifetime and singers from the Garcia/Marchesi school clung to older techniques longer than other singers from the same period. For this reason, I suggest that the Garcia School may be used as a historical window to singers wishing to sing in historical ways - even having relevance for pre-nineteenth century repertoire.
The Theatre of Words Set to Music
Authors: Lars Skoglund
Published: May 2023

This doctoral project in artistic research concerns the relationship between music and text when both are created by the same person: a composer writing his own libretti. The project is situated in ‘the everyday’, with commonplace language and daily life situations being examined and explored both thematically and as material.
The combination of music with other elements on the stage has resulted in pieces of music theatre, with a focus on different forms of storytelling. The reflection given withing this exposition describes how the works have evolved and discusses the different impulses that have led to specific artistic and ethical choices.
This exposition is presented in partial fulfillment of the Ph.d.-programmet i kunstnerisk utviklingsarbeid at the Norwegian Academy of Music.
Ng revisited
Authors: Johan Jutterström
Published: May 2023

The point of departure for my artistic research project is the piece Ng, composed by me in 2014 for an ensemble of three musicians without instruments and three dancers. Having reached a critical point in my own practice as a saxophonist where the identity of my music and that of the instrument seemed too intricately intertwined and convoluted, I happened to attend a dance rehearsal where the choreography was rehearsed without accompanying music. I listened to the rehearsal with my eyes closed, activated the situation musically and suddenly found myself in a soundscape that was full of musical possibilities seemingly free of much of the problems with western music that the saxophone represented for me. Possibilities that I tried to make sense out of when composing Ng. Approaching an interdisciplinary perspective towards choreography and dance, the movement of the human body became the music material. The sounds that appeared did not originate from an instrument built with the purpose of projecting a certain sound on to the world; they were of this world and in that sense concrete. But they were also of human anatomy and in that sense, I believed, more malleable than other concrete sounds and already in a close relationship to human perception and understanding. I hoped that, by abandoning the music instrument and approaching a choreographic perspective, I would contribute to the theories and practices of western art music while also challenging conventions that I felt was weighing it down—just as the saxophone weighed around my neck.

During my artistic research project I intend to challenge Ng and investigate the concepts behind it more thoroughly before finally revisiting and reworking it with the knowledge gained during the research project. Does a choreographic approach offer a substantial addition to western art music theory and practice? Can such a premise challenge how music notation is approached and help expanding how music structure is thought of beyond how it is communicated through notation? Can it change time measuring mechanisms of music and advance the way space is approached?

The disposition of my research project is such that I can criticize the ideas of Ng in retrospect, while still actively working on refining them both in practice and theory through Ng revisited. In juxtaposing Ng and Ng revisited I hope that my research questions, my methods, the context of my research and whatever new knowledge my research project can offer will become clear while simultaneously activated by, and contained in, my own artistic practice. As such coalescing concept, form, theory, material and presentation; something that I believe is an important ambition of artistic research.
THE IMPACT OF A CATESTROPHIC FLOOD ON A SCOTTISH FRESHWATER PEARL MUSSEL POPULATION OF EUROPEAN IMPORTANCE
Authors: Cosgrove Peter
Published: May 2023

Following a huge river channel-changing flood in December 2015 during
the severe weather event named ‘Storm Frank’, a freshwater pearl mussel
(Margaritifera margaritifera) survey of the River Dee Special Area of
Conservation in the northeast of Scotland was undertaken in 2022-2023 to
understand the current population and distribution of pearl mussels.
This survey was compared with previous survey data collected in 2002
that used the same survey and assessment methods. Main findings • During
2022-2023 the River Dee between Aberdeen and Braemar was surveyed under
licence for pearl mussels using a standardised survey methodology. • A
total of 985 5 m x 1 m spot-checks were conducted. These found a total
of 172 visible pearl mussels. 95% of spot-checks recorded no pearl
mussels. Twenty-seven 50 m x 1 m transects were conducted, which held
771 visible pearl mussels. • All pearl mussels were recorded close to a
bank edge, with twenty-eight spot-checks having pearl mussels recorded
within 0-2 m of the bank edge and twenty spot-checks having pearl
mussels recorded within 3-5 m of the bank edge. • The size of the River
Dee pearl mussel population in 2022-2023 is estimated to be ca. 16,000
individuals, compared to ca. 1.3 million in 2002. This represents a ca.
99% decline in pearl mussel abundance since 2002. • The only evidence
recorded of direct threats to pearl mussels were the substantial changes
in channel morphology and substrate attributed to Storm Frank. • The
catastrophic decline in the number of pearl mussels estimated between
the 2002 and 2022-2023 is unprecedented. Most of the River Dee now
appears to have highly unstable instream substrate making this habitat
wholly unsuitable for pearl mussels. • The threat posed to pearl mussels
by climate change induced increases in severe weather events is
discussed and conservation actions identified
Effect of paclobutrazol on growth and yield of continuous cropping Tartary buckwheat
Authors: Yang Xue , Tang Zhuolei , Min Jiangyan , Huang Xiaoyan , Huang Kaifeng
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to explore the regulatory effect of exogenous
paclobutrazol treatment on alleviating the damage of Tartary buckwheat
caused by continuous cropping. Buckwheat variety JQ 2 was used as the
experimental material, and multiple cropping was carried out in the
experimental area of continuous cropping for 2 years. Different
concentrations of paclobutrazol (0, 100, 150, 200, and 250 mg/L) were
sprayed on the leaves at the squaring stage to study its effects on the
growth, physiology, and yield of continuously cropped Tartary buckwheat.
The results showed that the plant height decreased significantly, and
the stem diameter increased significantly after paclobutrazol treatment.
The total root length, root surface area, root volume, and average
diameter increased first and then decreased with the increase in
paclobutrazol concentration, whereas the root activity significantly
increased. With the increase in paclobutrazol concentration, the
contents of chlorophyll and soluble protein and the activities of
superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase in the leaves increased
first and then decreased, whereas the contents of malondialdehyde and
superoxide anion radical decreased. The grain number per plant, grain
weight per plant, and 1000-grain weight increased first and then
decreased with the increase in paclobutrazol concentration. Compared
with the control, the continuously cropped Tartary buckwheat had
increases in yield by 3.32%, 14.53%, 32.20%, and 17.88% when treated
with 100, 150, 200, and 250 mg/L of paclobutrazol, respectively. In
conclusion, suitable concentration of paclobutrazol treatment could
alleviate the damage of Tartary buckwheat caused by continuous cropping
and increase the yield. Particularly, the treatment of 200 mg/L has the
best effect, so it is recommended to use in production.
Ex situ conservation of two rare oak species using microsatellite and SNP markers
Authors: Koontz Austin , Schumacher Emily , Spence Emma , Hoban Sean
Published: May 2023

Plant collections held by botanic gardens and arboreta are key
components of ex situ conservation. Maintaining genetic diversity in
such collections allows them to be used as resources for supplementing
wild populations. However, most recommended minimum sample sizes for
sufficient ex situ genetic diversity are based on microsatellite
markers, and it remains unknown whether these sample sizes remain valid
in light of more recently developed next-generation sequencing (NGS)
approaches. To address this knowledge gap, we examine how ex situ
conservation status and sampling recommendations differ when derived
from microsatellites and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in
garden and wild samples of two threatened oak species. For one species,
SNPs show lower ex situ representation of wild allelic diversity and
slightly lower minimum sample size estimates than microsatellites, while
results for each marker are largely similar for the other species.
Missing data filters tend to suggest higher ex situ representation,
while the impact of different SNP calling approaches depends on the
species and analysis. Measures of population differentiation within
species are broadly similar between markers, but larger numbers of SNP
loci allow for greater resolution of population structure and clearer
assignment of ex situ individuals to wild source populations. Our
results offer guidance for future ex situ conservation assessments
utilizing SNP data, such as the application of missing data filters and
the usage of a reference genome, and illustrate that both
microsatellites and SNPs remain viable options for botanic gardens and
arboreta seeking to ensure the genetic diversity of their collections.
Characterization of NaI(Tl) Scintillator Detectors in Gamma Spectroscopy Investigations
Authors: Zubair Muhammad , Ahmed Samar El- Sayed , ababneh Ahmad , Ahmed Eslam
Published: May 2023

A NaI detector is a type of scintillation detector used to detect gamma
rays. NaI detectors are widely used in gamma-ray spectroscopy, which has
been used in this study for multiple radioactive sources. NaI detectors
are also relatively inexpensive and easy to use, which makes them a
popular choice for many applications in nuclear physics, nuclear
medicine, and environmental monitoring. MCNP stands for Monte Carlo
N-Particle, which is a general-purpose Monte Carlo code used for
simulating the transport of particles such as neutrons, photons,
electrons, and other particles through complex geometries. It is widely
used in the fields of nuclear engineering, health physics, radiation
protection, medical physics, and many others. In this research, an
experiment was performed for the characterization of NAI(TI) detector.
To compare the experimental results, The MCNP6 code was used to
characterize a 1.5″ x 1.5″ NaI(Tl) scintillation detector by determining
its energy resolution and full energy peak (FEP) efficiency curves in
the energy range from 59.5 Kev to 1115.5 KeV. Simulation results match
experimental behavior with minimal differences in energy resolution and
efficiency curves, ranging from 0.12% to 8.35% and 2.51% to 5.13%,
respectively.