bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High-sensitivity cardiac troponin T is associated with disease activity in patients with inflammatory arthritis
Authors: Nguyen Thao H. P. , Fagerland Morten Wang , Hollan Ivana , Whist Jon Elling , Feinberg Mark W. , Agewall Stefan
Published: February 2023

Objective

To investigate whether high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hsTnT) correlates to markers of disease activity in inflammatory arthritis (IA), and whether antirheumatic treatment influences hsTnT levels.

Methods

We assessed 115 patients with active IA (64 rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 31 psoriatic arthritis and 20 ankylosing spondylitis) before and after using methotrexate (MTX) alone or tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) with or without MTX co-medication (TNFi±MTX). All patients starting with TNFi had been previously unsuccessfully treated with MTX monotherapy. HsTnT (measured in serum by electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay (Roche Elecsys® Troponin T- high-sensitivity)), and other clinical and laboratory parameters were evaluated at baseline, and after 6 weeks and 6 months of treatment.

Results

Of markers of disease activity, baseline levels of hsTnT positively correlated with Physicians’ Global Assessment Score of disease activity in the total patient cohort (p = 0.039). In RA group, hsTnT positively correlated with swollen joints, Disease Activity Score for 28 joints with ESR and serum tumor necrosis factor levels (p = 0.025, p = 0.008, p = 0.01, respectively). Median hsTnT at baseline was 5.0 ng/L, and did not change significantly at 6-week visit (6.0 ng/L, p = 0.37) and 6-month visit (6.0 ng/L, p = 0.18) with either antirheumatic therapy.

Conclusions

HsTnT levels were associated with inflammatory markers for IA disease activity. However, while inflammatory markers significantly improved after antirheumatic treatment, hsTnT did not change during the 6-month follow-up period.
Attitude sustains longer than subjective norm and perceived behavioral control: Results of breast cancer screening educational intervention
Authors: Dhakal Rojana , Adhikari Chiranjivi , Karki Prabha , Neupane Nirmala , Bhandari Pooja , Gurung Aditi , Shrestha Nisha , Gahatraj Nandaram , Shrestha Niranjan , Koirala Niranjan , Subedi Govind
Published: February 2023

Breast malignancy is the most frequent carcinoma among females across the world and third-most in Nepal. Early diagnosis of breast cancer through breast health awareness and self-examination, in addition to mammography screening, is a highly feasible and useful technique in poorly resourced settings. However, their intentions, whether to modify behaviors or actions, remain debatable and less explained in the literature. So, we aimed to assess how long an educational intervention affects women’s intention to do a breast self-examination (BSE) and mammography screening. After assessing feasibility, one ward was assigned to the intervention (IG; ward number 30) and control group (CG; ward number 33), and then with inclusion criteria, a total of 360 females (180 each in IG and CG) aged 40–75 years enrolled in the study. After the baseline assessment, participants in the IG were delivered an hour-long breast cancer screening-related lecture-discussion- demonstration session that included BSE and mammography, aided with a silicone dummy. The session was carried out by the female trained nurses. Outcome data were obtained at the baseline, 4, 8, and 12 months following the intervention. Attitudes, perceived behavioral controls (PBCs) and behavioral intents (BIs) of both mammography and BSE at baseline were similar in both IG and CG except in case of subjective norms (SNs). Intents of BSE remained effective for 4 months, whereas for mammography, it was effective only at 4 and 12 months. Moreover, attitudes toward both tests remained intact for 4, 8, and 12 months (p = < .05) consistently. With regards to PBCs, women having good control remained only for 4 months in both screening tests. Further, regarding SN, significant mean changes were observed at 4 and 12 months in BSE, and only at 4 months in mammography screening. The session was effective in sustaining BSE and mammography intentions for at least 4 months. To retain the effects longer (up to 12 months), additional educational strategies focusing on subjective norms and perceived behavioral controls of both tests are highly warranted.
Training machine learning algorithms for automatic facial coding: The role of emotional facial expressions’ prototypicality
Authors: Büdenbender Björn , Höfling Tim T. A. , Gerdes Antje B. M. , Alpers Georg W.
Published: February 2023

Automatic facial coding (AFC) is a promising new research tool to efficiently analyze emotional facial expressions. AFC is based on machine learning procedures to infer emotion categorization from facial movements (i.e., Action Units). State-of-the-art AFC accurately classifies intense and prototypical facial expressions, whereas it is less accurate for non-prototypical and less intense facial expressions. A potential reason might be that AFC is typically trained with standardized and prototypical facial expression inventories. Because AFC would be useful to analyze less prototypical research material as well, we set out to determine the role of prototypicality in the training material. We trained established machine learning algorithms either with standardized expressions from widely used research inventories or with unstandardized emotional facial expressions obtained in a typical laboratory setting and tested them on identical or cross-over material. All machine learning models’ accuracies were comparable when trained and tested with held-out dataset from the same dataset (acc. = [83.4% to 92.5%]). Strikingly, we found a substantial drop in accuracies for models trained with the highly prototypical standardized dataset when tested in the unstandardized dataset (acc. = [52.8%; 69.8%]). However, when they were trained with unstandardized expressions and tested with standardized datasets, accuracies held up (acc. = [82.7%; 92.5%]). These findings demonstrate a strong impact of the training material’s prototypicality on AFC’s ability to classify emotional faces. Because AFC would be useful for analyzing emotional facial expressions in research or even naturalistic scenarios, future developments should include more naturalistic facial expressions for training. This approach will improve the generalizability of AFC to encode more naturalistic facial expressions and increase robustness for future applications of this promising technology.
Quality of early childhood education and care in Japanese accredited nursery centers: A study using the Early Childhood Environment Rating Scale, Third Edition (ECERS-3)
Authors: Fujisawa Keiko K. , Fukai Taiyo , Nakamuro Makiko
Published: February 2023

This study presents the first quantitative evaluation of the quality of early childhood education and care (ECEC) in Japan to make a significant contribution to the body of knowledge accumulated on ECEC in countries where research has been limited. We observed 30 classes comprising 3-year-olds, 28 classes comprising 5-year-olds, and 30 classes comprising mixed-ages from publicly provided nursery centers under the jurisdiction of the Kanto metropolitan area, Japan. An internationally-recognized quality rating scale for ECEC called the Early Childhood Environment Rating Scale, 3rd edition, which consists of six subscales, was used for this study. In contrast to previous studies conducted in the US, the results of this study showed that the Japanese ECEC is characterized as showing higher scores in the two subscales, “Personal Care Routines” and “Interaction,” and showing lower score in the subscale, “Learning Activities.” In addition, this study showed that the quality of ECEC varied across nursery centers. Furthermore, with regard to the two subscales, “Interaction” and “Language and Literacy,” the degree of variation within centers differed across nursery centers. This study analyzed how these characteristics of Japanese ECEC can be partly produced by the existence of national guideline for nursery centers authorized by the Japanese government. In addition, mechanisms producing differences in the quality of ECEC among and within centers were also discussed.
Metformin regulates myoblast differentiation through an AMPK-dependent mechanism
Authors: Maniscalco Eleonora , Abbadessa Giuliana , Giordano Magalì , Grasso Loredana , Borrione Paolo , Racca Silvia
Published: February 2023

This study aims to investigate how metformin (Met) affects muscle tissue by evaluating the drug effects on proliferating, differentiating, and differentiated C2C12 cells. Moreover, we also investigated the role of 5’-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the mechanism of action of Met. C2C12 myoblasts were cultured in growth medium with or without Met (250μM, 1mM and 10mM) for different times. Cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay, while cell toxicity was assessed by Trypan Blue exclusion test and Lactate Dehydrogenase release. Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting analysis was performed to study cell cycle. Differentiating myoblasts were incubated in differentiation medium (DM) with or without 10mM Met. For experiments on myotubes, C2C12 were induced to differentiate in DM, and then treated with Met at scalar concentrations and for different times. Western blotting was performed to evaluate the expression of proteins involved in myoblast differentiation, muscle function and metabolism. In differentiating C2C12, Met inhibited cell differentiation, arrested cell cycle progression in G2/M phase and reduced the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1. These effects were accompanied by activation of AMPK and modulation of the myogenic regulatory factors. Comparable results were obtained in myotubes. The use of Compound C, a specific inhibitor of AMPK, counteracted the above-mentioned Met effects. We reported that Met inhibits C2C12 differentiation probably by blocking cell-cycle progression and preventing cells permanent exit from cell-cycle. Moreover, our study provides solid evidence that most of the effects of Met on myoblasts and myotubes are mediated by AMPK.
Factors impacting employee turnover intentions among professionals in Sri Lankan startups
Authors: Kanchana Lakshmi , Jayathilaka Ruwan
Published: February 2023

Employee turnover is one of the topical issues worldwide. The impact of factors affecting employee turnover varies occasionally and new factors are considered. Many countries have examined various factors that affect employee turnover. The main objective of this research is to consider psychographics and socio-demographic factors in one study and analyse the impact on employee turnover. A Probit regression model through the stepwise technique was used to analyse the collected data. Using ventures in Sri Lanka as a case study, this study demonstrates that employee turnover occurs in different stages and independent factors impact differently in each stage. The study population was professionals who have been a key part of Sri Lankan startups, which involved 230 respondents. Data analysis was performed through a forward stepwise technique through STATA. The results verified that job satisfaction and co-worker support negatively impact employee turnover, whereas leader member exchange positively impacts employee turnover. This study also proved a significant positive relationship between male employees in their thirties and high employee turnover. This study’s findings help to identify the areas management should focus on to minimise employee turnover to retain experienced and skilled employees.
Hacer ver
Authors: Barberá Pastor Carlos
Published: February 2023

Artículo editorial de la revista [i2] Investigación e Innovación en Arquitectura y Territorio para el Volumen 10, número 1 que analiza un poema de John Hejduk publicado en Soundings.
Estimasi Simpanan Karbon Sedimen Mangrove di Hutan Mangrove Kecamatan Ayah, Kabupaten Kebumen
Authors: Pangestika Meli Ayu , Soenardjo Nirwani , Pramesti Rini
Published: February 2023

Ekosistem mangrove berfungsi penting bagi lingkungan salah satunya penyimpn karbon (C). Estimasi karbon vegetasi mangrove merupakan potensi magrove menyimpan karbon (stok karbon) dalam bentuk biomassa. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi simpanan karbon pada sedimen di hutan mangrove Kecamatan Ayah Kabupaten Kebumen. Penelitian dilakukan bulan Desember 2020. Stasiun penelitian dibagi menjadi 4 dan ditentukan berdasarkan kerapatan. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode deskriptif. Penentuan lokasi penelitian dilakukan dengan metode pertimbangan atau purposive sampling. Sampel sedimen diambil berdasarkan plot sampling berukuran 10x10 meter dengan pipa modifikasi berdiameter 5 cm. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan metode LOI (Los on Ignition). Nilai estimasi karbon sedimen penelitian ini adalah stasiun MA1 sebesar 7,70 ton/ha, stasiun MA2 sebesar 8,86 ton/ha, stasiun  MA3 sebesar 6,42 ton/ha dan stasiun MA4 sebesar 7,50 ton/ha. Hasil tertinggi pada stasiun MA2 kategori sedang dan hasil terrendah pada stasiun MA3 kategori rapat. Nilai karbon sedimen dipengaruhi kondisi lingkungan dan tekstur sedimen.   The mangrove ecosystem has an important function for the environment, one of which is carbon storage (C). Carbon estimation of mangrove vegetation is the potential for mangroves to store carbon (carbon stock) in the form of biomass. This study aims to estimate carbon storage in sediments in the mangrove forest of Ayah District, Kebumen Regency. The research was conducted in December 2020. The research stations were divided into 4 and determined based on density. The method used is descriptive method. Determination of the location of the research is done by the method of consideration or purposive sampling. Sediment samples were taken based on a sampling plot measuring 10x10 meters with a modified pipe with a diameter of 5 cm. Data analysis was performed using the LOI (Los on Ignition) method. The estimated value of sediment carbon in this study is MA1 station of 7.70 tons/ha, MA2 station of 8.86 tons/ha, MA3 station of 6.42 tons/ha and MA4 station of 7.50 tons/ha. The highest results were at the medium category MA2 station and the lowest results were at the dense category MA3 station. Sediment carbon value is influenced by environmental conditions and sediment texture.
A Critical Analysis of the Magnetic Resonance Imaging Lesion Diameter Threshold for Adverse Pathology Features
Authors: Danacioglu Yavuz Onur , Turkay Rustu , Yildiz Omer , Polat Salih , Arikan Yusuf , Polat Hakan , Yenice Mustafa Gurkan , Baytekin Halil Firat , Inci Ercan , Tasci Ali İhsan
Published: February 2023

To investigate the relationship between lesion size determined using multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and histopathological findings of specimens obtained after mpMRI fusion biopsy and radical prostatectomy (RP). We retrospectively analysed 290 patients with PCa who underwent an MRI fusion biopsy. We measured the diameter of suspicious tumour lesions on diffusion-weighted mpMRI and stratified the cohort into two groups. Group A included patients with a suspicious tumour lesion 10 mm and Group B included those with a suspicious tumour lesion > 10 mm. In Group B, the PI-RADS score determined in mpMRI was higher than Group A, and there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of clinical T-stage. The PCa detection rate and the number of positive cores were statistically significantly higher in Group B than in Group A. In addition, there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in relation to the biopsy, the International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grade values, and the presence of clinically significant PCa. In Group B, pathological T-stage and extraprostatic extension (EPE) and surgical margin (SM) positivity were found to be higher among the patients who underwent RP. In the multivariate analysis, the mpMRI lesion size being > 10 mm was found to be an independent predictive factor for SM and EPE positivity. The clinical results of this study support the modification of the lesion size threshold as 10 mm for use in the differentiation of PI-RADS scores 4 and 5.
Cultural Syncretism and Interpicturality: The Iconography of Throne Benches in Medieval Icelandic Book Painting
Authors: Drechsler Stefan
Published: February 2023

In relation to the major topic of the present volume, this article is intended to provide new methodological and iconographic insights into the cultural adaptation and integration of European iconographic motifs in the medieval western Scandinavian arts and culture, as well as the relations between the iconographic detail and its surrounding texts. At the same time, this article offers a new approach to existing research on the basis of two methodological theories hitherto little investigated in iconographic research: cultural syncretism and interpicturality. In archaeology and media studies, these approaches are used to interpret cultural–historical artefacts that were created for one and then reused in a new context which may alter their meaning. The present article seeks to explain how both meaning and appearance of a single motif change between the vernacular texts it accompanies, and how the working methods of the illuminators differ between manuscripts. As a qualitative example, the investigation will focus on a complex iconographic motif that is found in six Icelandic manuscripts from the fourteenth century, namely the feature of animal heads as extensions on throne seats. Although little studied in the context of manuscripts, this is a motif widely used throughout the Middle Ages and with various secular and religious connotations. In particular, this is linked to the specific narrative roles that iconographic details play in relation to the written text and generally to the physical objects that carry both text and iconography: the manuscripts.
Quia, quoniam, and information management in Plautus
Authors: Breunesse Merlijn , Fantoli Margherita
Published: February 2023

This paper analyzes the Latin subordinate conjunctions quia and quoniam in Plautus’ comedies. Previous studies have shown that quia and quoniam play an important role in managing the information flow of a discourse. Clauses introduced by quia typically contain information that is new to the addressee, while quoniam-clauses tend to present information that belongs to the speech participants’ common ground. Our analysis shows that in Plautus, quia and quoniam each appear in specific communicative contexts that reflect their information management properties. We also demonstrate how Plautus exploits these characteristics of quia and quoniam to manipulate the information flow on stage for the purpose of audience entertainment.
Investigation of the nucleation and growth behavior of Ti2AlC and Ti3AlC nano-precipitates in TiAl alloys
Authors: Hou Bo , Wang Aiqin , Liu Pei , Xie Jingpei
Published: February 2023

In this work, the nucleation and growth behavior of Ti2AlC and Ti3AlC nano-precipitates in Ti–44Al–1.2C alloys were systematically studied by observing their distribution, morphology, and interface atomic structure. The experiment results show that the needle-like C atom segregation zones in TiAl alloys are the nucleation site of Ti2AlC, and the long axis direction of segregation zones is parallel to the TiAl(111) plane. The rod-like Ti2AlC nano-precipitates mainly distribute at the TiAl/Ti3Al interface, and the orientation relationship between them is [

1

̅

01

\bar{1}01

]TiAl//[

11

2

̅

0

11\bar{2}0

]Ti2AlC//[

11

2

̅

0

11\bar{2}0

]Ti3Al, (111)TiAl//(0001)Ti2AlC//(0001)Ti3Al. The needle-like Ti3AlC nano-precipitates distribute in TiAl with the orientation relationship of [001]Ti3AlC//[001]TiAl, (100)Ti3AlC//(100)TiAl, (020)Ti3AlC//(020)TiAl, and (110)Ti3AlC//(110)TiAl during the nucleation stage. After growing into the rod-like, the orientation relationship between Ti3AlC precipitates and TiAl is [

1

1

̅

0

1\bar{1}0

]Ti3AlC//[

1

1

̅

0

1\bar{1}0

]TiAl, (001)Ti3AlC//(001)TiAl, (220)Ti3AlC//(220)TiAl, and (111)Ti3AlC//(111)TiAl. Both the needle- and rod-like Ti3AlC precipitates preferentially grow along the [001]TiAl direction. The crystal structure and lattice mismatch between Ti2AlC and Ti3AlC nano-precipitates and the TiAl matrix determine their distribution, morphology, and interface atomic structure.
Two new natural products from Portulaca oleracea L. and their bioactivities
Authors: Song Mingyang , Ying Zheming , Ying Xixiang , Jia Lianqun , Yang Guanlin
Published: February 2023

Two new natural products, belonging to alkaloids, identified as ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl acetate (1) and (5-hydroxypyridin-2-yl)methyl acetate (2), were isolated from Portulaca oleracea L. The structures were identified by spectroscopic methods, including 1D, 2D NMR, and UHPLC-ESI-QTOF/MS methods. Meanwhile, the anti-inflammatory and anticholinesterase bioactivities were found in these two compounds.
Beschreibung und Bewertung der Wandlungsfähigkeit
Authors: Jäpel Nicole , Bielitz Pia , Reichelt Dirk
Published: February 2023

Wandlungsfähige Produktionssysteme sind in Krisenzeiten sowie Zeiten dynamischer Marktanforderungen zentrale Erfolgsfaktoren. Nur wer wandlungsfähig ist, wird künftig im industriellen Wettbewerb des 21. Jahrhunderts bestehen können. Wandlungsfähig heißt damit zukunftsfähig. Bisherige wissenschaftliche Beiträge konzentrieren sich überwiegend auf die Anforderungen zur Transformationsfähigkeit von größeren Produzenten. Mit dem nachfolgenden Beitrag werden produzierende mittlere Unternehmen befähigt, ihre Wandlungsfähigkeit beschreiben, bewerten und somit folglich steigern zu können. Grundlage bildete dafür eine explorative Untersuchung hinsichtlich der Wandlungsbereitschaft und -fähigkeit bei einem mittelständischen Industrieunternehmen in Sachsen.
Social Interpretation Inflexibility and Functioning: Associations with Symptoms and Stress
Authors: Deng Wisteria , Everaert Jonas , Bronstein Michael V. , Joormann Jutta , Cannon Tyrone
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Interpretation inflexibility has been implicated in a range of mental health problems, including depression, social anxiety, and paranoia. Inflexible interpretation of social situations may be particularly important as it can set the stage for problems in social functioning, a symptom cutting across all three groups of disorders. Methods: This study aimed to examine the interrelations among interpretation inflexibility, social functioning impairment, and affective and psychotic symptoms. The study also explored the potential moderating effects of COVID-related preoccupation, as an example of a major stressor, on these relationships. Results: Based on a sample recruited from the general population (N = 247), interpretation inflexibility was found to be associated with social functioning impairment, with affective symptoms and paranoia as statistical mediators of the association. These relationships were magnified by ambient stress during the COVID-19 pandemic—a moderated mediation that was found only in relation to affective symptoms but not paranoia. A parallel network analysis further confirmed the moderating effects of COVID-related preoccupation on the relation between interpretation inflexibility and depression. Limitations: Measuring ambient stress with a self-report question on COVID-related preoccupation may not be representative of the amount of distress an individual experienced during the pandemic. Also, our mediation models were performed on cross-sectional data, thus not necessarily implying a feed-forward causal mediational relationship. Conclusions: These findings highlight the importance of examining social functioning as a crucial outcome, as well as the differential role of stress in modulating social interpretation flexibility with respect to affective vs. psychotic symptoms.
How Much Should We Trust Others? The Relationship Between Trust Beliefs in Others and Psychosocial Adjustment
Authors: Rotenberg Ken J. , Teunisse Alessandra K. , Case Trevor I. , Fitness Julie , Sweller Naomi
Published: February 2023

Introduction: This study compared the Trust Promotes Adjustment (TPA) approach with the Centralist Approach to Trust (CAT) regarding the relationship between trust beliefs in others and psychosocial adjustment. The TPA predicted linear, whereas the CAT predicted quadratic, relationships between the two. The predictions were tested by analyses for the curvilinearity of data gathered by Teunisse et al. (2020). Method: Six hundred and fifty-one adults (M age = 24.9 years, SD = 10.4 years) completed standardized scales of trust beliefs in others, agreeableness, and social intelligence. Results: In support of TPA, trust beliefs in others were linearly associated with social awareness. In support of CAT, quadratic relations were found between trust beliefs in others and both agreeableness and social skills. Individuals with very low or very high trust beliefs showed lower agreeableness and social skills than those with the midrange of trust beliefs or the linear relationship between the variables. Individuals showed optimal psychosocial adjustment when trust beliefs were between 1.5 standard deviations above and below the mean. Discussion: These findings challenge the traditional TPA, which asserts that increasing trust in others corresponds to increasing psychosocial adjustment. The findings support the CAT hypothesis that too little or too much trust in others is associated with psychosocial maladjustment with implications for psychopathology.
Shuffled ATG8 interacting motifs form an ancestral bridge between UFMylation and autophagy
Authors: Picchianti Lorenzo , Sánchez de Medina Hernández Víctor , Zhan Ni , Irwin Nicholas AT , Groh Roan , Stephani Madlen , Hornegger Harald , Beveridge Rebecca , Sawa‐Makarska Justyna , Lendl Thomas , Grujic Nenad , Naumann Christin , Martens Sascha , Richards Thomas A , Clausen Tim , Ramundo Silvia , Karagöz G Elif , Dagdas Yasin
Published: February 2023

UFMylation involves the covalent modification of substrate proteins with UFM1 (Ubiquitin‐fold modifier 1) and is important for maintaining ER homeostasis. Stalled translation triggers the UFMylation of ER‐bound ribosomes and activates C53‐mediated autophagy to clear toxic polypeptides. C53 contains noncanonical shuffled ATG8‐interacting motifs (sAIMs) that are essential for ATG8 interaction and autophagy initiation. However, the mechanistic basis of sAIM‐mediated ATG8 interaction remains unknown. Here, we show that C53 and sAIMs are conserved across eukaryotes but secondarily lost in fungi and various algal lineages. Biochemical assays showed that the unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has a functional UFMylation pathway, refuting the assumption that UFMylation is linked to multicellularity. Comparative structural analyses revealed that both UFM1 and ATG8 bind sAIMs in C53, but in a distinct way. Conversion of sAIMs into canonical AIMs impaired binding of C53 to UFM1, while strengthening ATG8 binding. Increased ATG8 binding led to the autoactivation of the C53 pathway and sensitization of Arabidopsis thaliana to ER stress. Altogether, our findings reveal an ancestral role of sAIMs in UFMylation‐dependent fine‐tuning of C53‐mediated autophagy activation.
Structural mechanism of CRL4‐instructed STAT2 degradation via a novel cytomegaloviral DCAF receptor
Authors: Le‐Trilling Vu Thuy Khanh , Banchenko Sofia , Paydar Darius , Leipe Pia Madeleine , Binting Lukas , Lauer Simon , Graziadei Andrea , Klingen Robin , Gotthold Christine , Bürger Jörg , Bracht Thilo , Sitek Barbara , Jan Lebbink Robert , Malyshkina Anna , Mielke Thorsten , Rappsilber Juri , Spahn Christian MT , Voigt Sebastian , Trilling Mirko , Schwefel David
Published: February 2023

Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a ubiquitously distributed pathogen whose rodent counterparts such as mouse and rat CMV serve as common infection models. Here, we conducted global proteome profiling of rat CMV‐infected cells and uncovered a pronounced loss of the transcription factor STAT2, which is crucial for antiviral interferon signalling. Via deletion mutagenesis, we found that the viral protein E27 is required for CMV‐induced STAT2 depletion. Cellular and in vitro analyses showed that E27 exploits host‐cell Cullin4‐RING ubiquitin ligase (CRL4) complexes to induce poly‐ubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation of STAT2. Cryo‐electron microscopy revealed how E27 mimics molecular surface properties of cellular CRL4 substrate receptors called DCAFs (DDB1‐ and Cullin4‐associated factors), thereby displacing them from the catalytic core of CRL4. Moreover, structural analyses showed that E27 recruits STAT2 through a bipartite binding interface, which partially overlaps with the IRF9 binding site. Structure‐based mutations in M27, the murine CMV homologue of E27, impair the interferon‐suppressing capacity and virus replication in mouse models, supporting the conserved importance of DCAF mimicry for CMV immune evasion.
Post‐transcriptional polyadenylation site cleavage maintains 3′‐end processing upon DNA damage
Authors: Sfaxi Rym , Biswas Biswendu , Boldina Galina , Cadix Mandy , Servant Nicolas , Chen Huimin , Larson Daniel R , Dutertre Martin , Robert Caroline , Vagner Stéphan
Published: February 2023

The recognition of polyadenylation signals (PAS) in eukaryotic pre‐mRNAs is usually coupled to transcription termination, occurring while pre‐mRNA is chromatin‐bound. However, for some pre‐mRNAs, this 3′‐end processing occurs post‐transcriptionally, i.e., through a co‐transcriptional cleavage (CoTC) event downstream of the PAS, leading to chromatin release and subsequent PAS cleavage in the nucleoplasm. While DNA‐damaging agents trigger the shutdown of co‐transcriptional chromatin‐associated 3′‐end processing, specific compensatory mechanisms exist to ensure efficient 3′‐end processing for certain pre‐mRNAs, including those that encode proteins involved in the DNA damage response, such as the tumor suppressor p53. We show that cleavage at the p53 polyadenylation site occurs in part post‐transcriptionally following a co‐transcriptional cleavage event. Cells with an engineered deletion of the p53 CoTC site exhibit impaired p53 3′‐end processing, decreased mRNA and protein levels of p53 and its transcriptional target p21, and altered cell cycle progression upon UV‐induced DNA damage. Using a transcriptome‐wide analysis of PAS cleavage, we identify additional pre‐mRNAs whose PAS cleavage is maintained in response to UV irradiation and occurring post‐transcriptionally. These findings indicate that CoTC‐type cleavage of pre‐mRNAs, followed by PAS cleavage in the nucleoplasm, allows certain pre‐mRNAs to escape 3′‐end processing inhibition in response to UV‐induced DNA damage.
Investigação de óbitos por causas mal definidas: estratégia de fortalecimento da vigilância em saúde
Authors: Correia Pinto Cristina Helena Camurça , Gurgel Maria Glêdes Ibiapina , Alves Maria Dalva Santos , Passos Maria Leonice de Lima , Diniz Selma Antunes Nunes , Conceição Maria Rodrigues da
Published: February 2023

Objetivou-se analisar a proporção de óbitos por causas mal definidas investigadas quanto ao atestante, faixa etária e local de ocorrência do óbito, no âmbito da Secretaria Executiva Regional VI- Fortaleza-CE, Brasil. Estudo transversal e descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa, cujos dados foram coletados no Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade. Verificou-se de 2003 a 2008, expressiva redução das causas mal definidas nas Declarações de Óbito. Em 2007 e 2008 a maioria dos óbitos por causas mal definidas foram procedentes do Serviço de Verificação de Óbito concentrados na faixa etária de maiores de 50 anos e com ocorrência no domicílio. Concluiu-se que as informações mais precisas da causa da morte expressas na declaração de óbito possibilitaram reflexão e planejamento da prática do enfermeiro e demais profissionais, gestores e controle social, pois permitiram elaborar indicadores epidemiológicos da situação de saúde, subsidio fundamental no processo decisório e na formulação de políticas públicas de saúde.
Potencial antimicrobiano do óleo de coco no tratamento de feridas
Authors: de Almeida Lícia Caroline Tenório , Carvalho Tenório Lis Maria de Melo , Santos Verissímo Regina Célia Sales , Lúcio Ingrid Martins Leite , Bastos Maria Lysete de Assis
Published: February 2023

Novos meios de controle da infecção em feridas surgem na saúde pública pelas implicações no cuidado, desenvolvimento de tecnologias e produtos relacionados aos curativos e controle dos microrganismos. A inovação tecnológica no tratamento de feridas pauta-se em plantas com propriedades antimicrobianas e cicatrizantes com relato etnobotânico. Estudo experimental in vitro desenvolvido no Laboratório de Pesquisa em Tratamento de Feridas, entre março e setembro de 2011 que investigou o potencial antimicrobiano do extrato oleoso do coco na perspectiva da prevenção da infecção e tratamento de feridas, utilizando 3 extratos do coco alagoano (dois artesanais e um industrializado) frente a 14 microrganismos para verificação da atividade antimicrobiana. Todos os extratos apresentaram atividade contra Staphylococcus aureus, contudo para o Staphylococcus epidermidis e Enterobacter cloacae apenas com os óleos artesanais. Necessita-se de ensaios para purificação dos extratos e identificação da substância inibidora dos microrganismos bem como a realização de estudos in vivo em feridas utilizando modelo animal.
Direito à saúde no tribunal de justiça: demanda por medicações em oncologi
Authors: Souza Ítala Paris de , Bellato Roseney , de Araújo Laura Filomena Santos , de Almeida Karla Beatriz Barros , Nepomuceno Marly Akemi Shiroma , Mufato Leandro Felipe
Published: February 2023

Neoplasias malignas representam a segunda causa de morte na população brasileira e mundial. Objetivou-se descrever a demanda do direito à saúde no Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de Mato Grosso (TJMT) sobre medicamentos para pessoas com câncer. Abordagem metodológica qualitativa documental de decisões judiciais do TJMT, sendo os principais achados: tipo de medicação e modo de nomeação; situação de adoecimento e medicamento solicitado; tipo de ação jurídica; diferentes discursos; justificativa da demanda pelo autor da ação; negativa ou não do magistrado; fundamentação e justificativa da decisão pelo magistrado; visibilidade conferida à pessoa na ação judicial. A discussão aponta para negação do Estado em oferecer à pessoa com câncer medicamentos não preconizados em políticas específicas. Assim, estas pessoas acessam o poder judiciário para amenizar seus problemas de forma pontual. Seus pedidos são acolhidos pelos magistrados, embora haja a oposição do próprio Estado em efetivar-lhes o direito à saúde.
Sintomas depressivos e adesão ao tratamento entre pessoas com diabetes mellitus tipo 2
Authors: Braz Juciene Matos , Silva Mônica Rodrigues , Gois Cristiane Franca Lisboa , Braz Tércio Matos , Santos Valmira dos , Mateus Silva Lausimary Araújo São
Published: February 2023

Foi objeto deste estudo averiguar a associação entre sintomas depressivos e variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas, e adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso em pessoas com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). Estudo descritivo, desenvolvido com uma amostra constituída por 145 pessoas DM2. Foram utilizados o Inventário de Depressão de Beck (BDI) e a Medida de Adesão aos Tratamentos (MAT). A idade média dos participantes foi de 60,4 anos, 77,2% eram mulheres e 51,7% possuíam companheiro(a). A média do BDI foi de 18,4, e 33,1% dos pesquisados apresentaram sintomas depressivos. A prática de atividade física se associou com melhor avaliação no BDI (p< 0,05). Não foi observada correlação clinicamente importante entre o BDI e o MAT (r<0,30). Aproximadamente metade dos participantes apresentou tendência a desencadear a depressão. A prática de atividade física se associou a melhor avaliação no BDI.
Políticas de educação permanente e formação em saúde: uma análise documental
Authors: Celedônio Raquel Mendes , Jorge Maria Salete Bessa , dos Santos Danielle Christine Moura , de Freitas Consuelo Helena Aires , Pinto de Aquino Francisca Ozanira Torres
Published: February 2023

Na construção do Sistema Único de Saúde, a formação em saúde e a educação permanente para profissionais são consideradas instrumentos para as mudanças e transformações em uma sociedade. Desse modo, objetivou-se analisar publicações científicas e documentos do Ministério da Saúde acerca da política nacional de educação permanente. Trata-se de análise documental realizada no período de março a setembro de 2011, com busca em publicações do Ministério da Saúde. Encontraram-se oito documentos, analisados por catalogação em quadros sínteses e análise de conteúdo. A Política Nacional de Educação Permanente em Saúde foi implantada como uma das estratégias do Sistema Único de Saúde para mudar aspectos da formação profissional em saúde. Conclui-se que apesar das necessidades de mudança, a formação dos profissionais mostra-se como um desafio, pois se configura com a complexidade da gestão, do serviço e do ensino com as políticas intergovernamentais entre os Ministérios da Saúde e Educação.
Concepções de promoção da saúde na perspectiva dos profissionais de saúde mental
Authors: Aguiar Maria Isis Freire de , Júnior Ivando Amancio da Silva , Braga Violante Augusta Batista , Galvão Marli Teresinha Gimeniz
Published: February 2023

A promoção da saúde mental é um tema que merece discussões, em virtude do impacto dos transtornos mentais na sociedade. O objetivo foi identificar as concepções dos profissionais de saúde mental sobre promoção da saúde e a prática direcionada aos usuários de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS). Pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa com seis profissionais de nível superior de um CAPS em Fortaleza-Ceará. Os dados foram coletados em maio de 2011, mediante entrevista semi-estruturada, organizados e analisados com base no Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Foram extraídas as idéias centrais, emergindo dois temas: Promoção da saúde e Prática dos profissionais. Os sujeitos destacaram o conceito ampliado de saúde, princípios de interdisciplinaridade e intersetorialidade; além de atividades para promoção da saúde das pessoas em sofrimento psíquico, com foco no relacionamento terapêutico. A proposta contribui para a produção do conhecimento, construindo saberes e pensando melhores estratégias de promoção da saúde nos serviços substitutivos.
Análise da vulnerabilidade sexual de estudantes universitários ao HIV/AIDS
Authors: Bezerra Elys Oliveira , Chaves Ana Clara Patriota , Pereira Maria Lúcia Duarte , de Melo Flaviana Ribeiro Gomes
Published: February 2023

Diante da situação de vulnerabilidade dos jovens ao HIV/Aids, objetivou-se analisar as vulnerabilidades referentes à transmissão sexual do HIV entre universitários. Pesquisa exploratória, quantitativa, realizada em uma instituição pública de ensino superior, em Fortaleza-CE. Participaram do estudo 161 estudantes. Para coleta de dados utilizou-se questionário semiestruturado e de atitudes do tipo Likert, auto-administrados em situação coletiva. A maioria dos participantes era do sexo feminino (67,1%); já iniciou a vida sexual (63,4%); nunca realizou teste anti-HIV (80%). A média da idade na primeira relação sexual foi 17,2 anos. A escola foi a principal fonte de informações sobre prevenção do HIV. Observou-se conhecimentos limitados sobre prevenção ao HIV, atitudes favoráveis ao uso do preservativo, baixa percepção do risco em suas práticas, além de desconhecimento de sua situação sorológica, evidenciando-se a necessidade de se investir em ações educativas sobre sexualidade e DST/Aids na universidade
Do imaginário ao real: a experiência de pais enlutados
Authors: Silva Juliana Dalcin Donini e , Sales Catarina Aparecida
Published: February 2023

Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo embasado na fenomenologia existencial heideggeriana e teve como objetivo, compreender o significado da morte do filho bebê para os pais enlutados. Foram entrevistados seis pais que experienciaram a morte do filho na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal. Da análise emergiram três categorias: morte do filho, a morte dos sonhos; vivenciando o momento da morte do bebê, e; transcendendo o luto. Apreendemos com o estudo que há sofrimento intenso desses pais em seu luto, pois a morte de um filho ainda bebê significa a morte de um sonho, sendo assim a enfermagem precisa assumir uma postura de cuidado e acolhimento desses seres enlutados, ajudando-os a enfrentar esse processo de forma menos dolorosa.
O que pensam os enfermeiros sobre a problemática ambiental
Authors: Soares Sabrina Gonçalves Aguiar , Camponogara Silviamar , Terra Marlene Gomes , Santos Tanise Martins dos , Trevisan Clara Maria
Published: February 2023

O estudo objetivou conhecer o que pensam os enfermeiros sobre a problemática ambiental. Pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva exploratória, realizada com enfermeiros de um Hospital Universitário. Os dados foram coletados entre novembro de 2010 e março de 2011, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada e, analisados com base no referencial de análise de conteúdo. Os enfermeiros têm visões diferenciadas sobre o meio ambiente e noção de que enfrentamos uma grave crise ambiental. Afirmam que há interface entre saúde e meio ambiente, mas não foram instrumentalizados sobre o tema. Entendem que precisam agir de forma responsável com o meio ambiente. O debate sobre a interface saúde e meio ambiente necessita ser ampliado, no cotidiano do profissional enfermeiro, no sentido de buscar a responsabilização dos profissionais com a sustentabilidade ambiental.
Prevalência do uso de bicos artificiais em menores de um ano
Authors: Nunes Andréa Cristina Lins , Alencar Ramalho Mariana Oliveira de , Macêdo Vilma Costa de , Frias Paulo Germano de , da Silva Ivanise Tibúrcio Cavalcanti
Published: February 2023

Estudo descritivo-exploratório, transversal, de abordagem quantitativa, realizado a partir de banco de dados secundários da II Pesquisa de Prevalência de Aleitamento Materno nas Capitais Brasileiras e Distrito Federal do ano de 2009. Possui o objetivo de avaliar a prevalência do uso de bicos artificiais em menores de um ano nos seis distritos sanitários (DS) do município do Recife-PE. Participaram do estudo 3.120 crianças. Destas, 1894(60,7%) utilizaram mamadeira e 1310(41,9%) usavam chupeta. O uso de mamadeira em cada DS variou entre 56%, no DS I e II e 63,2% no DS IV. O uso de chupeta apresentou número reduzido em relação ao uso de mamadeira, o DS III com 44,7% e os distritos I e II com 40,6%. Observou-se que é necessário prestar maiores esclarecimentos entre as mães a respeito dos efeitos prejudiciais destes hábitos, sobre a amamentação e à saúde da criança e processo de amamentar.
O cuidador domiciliar de paciente idoso com mal de Alzheimer
Authors: Barbosa Rafaelle Lins , Morais Jurandir Miranda de , Resck Zélia Marilda Rodrigues , Dázio Eliza Maria Rezende
Published: February 2023

Trata-se de um estudo de caso com o objetivo de compreender o cuidar cotidiano no domicílio, na perspectiva do cuidador familiar de idoso com Doença de Alzheimer. O estudo foi realizado com um cuidador familiar residente na cidade de Alfenas-MG, no período de maio e junho de 2010, por meio de entrevista com questão norteadora. Identificamos duas categorias: o cuidar do doente com Alzheimer e o cuidador do doente com Alzheimer. Apreendemos que o cuidador no cuidar diário dedica-se em tempo integral, vivencia dificuldades financeiras e de convívio com as mudanças de comportamento do doente, refletindo em sobrecarga diária que compromete o lazer e gera problemas de saúde, procurando apoio na fé. Apreender as dificuldades enfrentadas pelo cuidador propicia à equipe de saúde planejar e implementar estratégias de suporte para o cuidador enfrentar a condição crônica do familiar.
Processo clinical caritas aplicado a cliente paraplégico com úlcera por pressão
Authors: Medeiros Fabíola de Araújo Leite , França Inacia Sátiro Xavier de , Sousa Francisco Stélio de , Baptista Rosilene Santos
Published: February 2023

Úlceras por pressão são lesões necróticas, comuns na pele e tecido subcutâneo que recobrem proeminências ósseas. Objetivou-se aplicar caritas processes a paciente paraplégico com úlcera por pressão, analisando o potencial desse processo para alcance de cuidado ético, moral e humano. Estudo de caso, utilizando-se, como instrumentos para coleta de dados entrevista e um formulário relacionado a registro do processo de cuidados de enfermagem. Os dados foram categorizados conforme os dez elementos do clinical caritas. Após 40 dias de cuidados, o cliente obteve alta, redução do risco para infecção e melhora do estado geral. O estudo evidenciou que a abordagem humanística e fenomenológica colabora com o processo de enfermagem e valoriza a relação interpessoal entre o cuidador e o ser cuidado.
Percepção da equipe de saúde sobre a presença do acompanhante no processo parturitivo
Authors: dos Santos Luciano Marques , Carneiro Celeste da Silva , Santana Carvalho Evanilda Souza de , Paiva Mirian Santos
Published: February 2023

Estudo qualitativo, descritivo, exploratório com objetivo de analisar a percepção de profissionais de saúde sobre a presença do acompanhante durante o processo parturitivo. Realizado entre dezembro de 2009 a janeiro de 2010, em uma maternidade pública de Feira de Santana-Bahia. Os dados foram obtidos mediante entrevista semi estruturada com 22 profissionais. Estes foram submetidos à Análise de Conteúdo Temática a partir da qual emergiram três categorias: O acompanhante é uma necessidade; O acompanhante atrapalha o trabalho da equipe pelo despreparo; O acompanhante precisa ser bem selecionado. O estudo aponta para a necessidade de aprofundar discussões e reflexões sobre a presença do acompanhante no contexto estudado, com vistas às mudanças na prática obstétrica, considerando que a rejeição inicial dos seus profissionais tende a desaparecer.
Atividade antimicrobiana in vitro dos extratos hexânico e etanólico das folhas de zeyheria tuberculosa
Authors: Ramos Robson da Silva , Sarmento Patrícia de Albuquerque , Lins Thaís Honório , Lúcio Ingrid Martins Leite , Conserva Lucia Maria , Bastos Maria Lysete de Assis
Published: February 2023

Analisou-se a atividade antimicrobiana in vitro dos extratos hexânico e etanólico das folhas da Zeyheria tuberculosa, conhecida como ipê-felpudo, contra várias cepas de micro-organismos patogênicos. O Estudo experimental in vitro foi realizado no Laboratório de Pesquisas em Tratamento de Feridas, do Curso de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal de Alagoas, de maio a outubro de 2011. Os extratos avaliados, tanto pelo método de difusão em disco, quanto pela microdiluição mostraram-se promissores paraStaphylococcus aureus, porém para as demais cepas bacterianas e fúngicas não houve atividade inibitória. Os testes foram realizados em triplicata. Os resultados mostraram que tanto o extrato hexânico quanto o etanólico apresentaram uma forte atividade antimicrobiana, inibindo a cepa em concentrações maiores que o da gentamicina, padrão de referência utilizado. Não se observou atividade antifúngica com os extratos. Conclui-se que a boa atividade antibacteriana das folhas e caule desta espécie vegetal é promissora para a continuação dos estudos em modelo animal.
Conhecimento e mudanças de comportamento de mulheres junto a fatores de risco para câncer de colo uterino
Authors: Eduardo Kilvia Gardênia Torres , Ferreira Moura Escolástica Rejane , Nogueira Paula Sacha Frota , Sousa Costa Carolina Barbosa Jovino de , Pinheiro Ana Karina Bezerra , Silva Raimunda Magalhães da
Published: February 2023

Objetivou-se identificar fatores de risco para câncer de colo uterino; verificar conhecimento acerca destes e as mudanças adotadas a partir do conhecimento dos fatores de risco. Estudo transversal, de campo, realizado de maio a agosto de 2007, com 390 mulheres que realizaram exame preventivo. Fatores de risco encontrados: idade, parceria eventual, classe econômica e escolaridade baixas, não realização do exame preventivo, baixo peso, tabagismo, uso de anticoncepcionais hormonais e fatores sexuais e reprodutivos; 239 (61,3%) referiram pelo menos um fator de risco. Mudanças adotadas a partir do conhecimento dos fatores de risco: realização do exame preventivo e do tratamento prescrito; comportamento sexual seguro (monogamia; uso de preservativo).