bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UPAYA GURU DALAM MENANAMKAN NILAI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER MELALUI KEGIATAN MENDONGENG PADA ANAK USIA DINI DI TK NURUL AMIN KABUPATEN BONE
Authors: Fatimah Nurul , Sarea Muh. Syahrul , Syam A. Sri Mardiyanti
Published: December 2024

This study aims to: 1) To determine the form of instilling character education values through storytelling activities in AUD 2) to determine teachers' efforts in instilling character education values through storytelling activities in AUD 3) To determine teachers' obstacles in instilling character education values through storytelling activities in AUD. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative with a research approach using a sociological and psychological approach. This study uses data analysis techniques with the process of reducing data, presenting data and drawing conclusions. Storytelling is one of the basic competencies in PAUD that can improve the quality and services to educators and stimulate aspects of child development through the storytelling method. The results of the study showed that there are three forms of instilling character education values through storytelling activities in AUD at Nurul Amin Kindergarten, Carigading Village, Awangpone District, Bone Regency, namely a) Religious values b) Honesty values c) Social care. Furthermore, there are teacher efforts in instilling character education values through storytelling activities in AUD at Nurul Amin Kindergarten, Carigading Village, Awangpone District, Bone Regency, namely the storytelling/storytelling method, asking children to tell fairy tales that have been heard. Furthermore, the teacher's obstacles in instilling character education values through storytelling activities in AUD at Nurul Amin Kindergarten, Carigading Village, Awangpone District, Bone Regency, namely the lack of focus from children during the learning process.
Electromagnetic radiation: A comprehensive review of misconceptions
Authors: Gavrilas Leonidas , Kotsis Konstantinos T.
Published: December 2024

Electromagnetic radiation (EMR) is integral to both the natural world and technological innovation, yet widespread misconceptions about its nature and effects persist among the public, educators, and students. This comprehensive review examines these misconceptions, analyzing their origins–including inadequate education, the complexity of EMR concepts, media misrepresentation, and educators’ own misunderstandings–and their impact on scientific literacy and public health. By reviewing a wide range of scientific studies, we identify common misunderstandings, such as conflating ionizing and non-ionizing radiation, believing all radiation is harmful, and confusing irradiation with contamination. These misconceptions contribute to unwarranted health anxieties, resistance to beneficial technologies, and challenges in science education. We highlight the critical need for effective EMR education through curriculum integration, innovative teaching methods, and enhanced teacher training. By addressing these misconceptions through strategic educational reforms and evidence-based communication, we aim to foster a scientifically literate society capable of making informed decisions about EMR and its applications.
Development Features of Pulmonary Hypertension in Pleurisy and Syndrome of Tuberculous Pleural Effusion
Authors: Duzhyi I.D. , Prystupa L.N. , Elastal R.Z. , Pak V.Ya. , Medvedeva I.M. , Biehouliev O.Ye. , Hrechaniuk Yu.O.
Published: December 2024

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) as a syndrome can accompany a number of various diseases. Distingui­shing the transition to pulmonary arterial hypertension is not easy, as its formation occurs gradually and encompasses a significant number of diseases. In this regard, ESC has proposed a classification of PH, which includes five positions, among which are pulmonary vascular diseases, diseases of the left half of the heart, pulmonary hypoxia, chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, some diseases (sarcoidosis, histiocytosis, fibrosing mediastinitis, neurofibromatosis) that are not always identified. However, the role of pleural diseases in the formation of PH is not defined, justifying the relevance of the problem and the aim of our study.
Objective — to determine the role of pleural diseases and the syndrome of tuberculous pleural effusion in the formation of pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Materials and methods. We examined 198 patients with pleural effusion syndrome (PES), 138 of whom had verified tuberculous pleurisy. Right-sided localization of the disease was present in 97 (70.3 %) individuals, left-sided in 41 (29.7 %). Arterial pulmonary pressure was determined by the Dushanin’s method.
Results and discussion. In the course of the disease up to 20 days and with right-sided PES, the mean pulmonary arterial pressure was 33.5 mm Hg, in cases of left-sided PES it was 35.5 mm Hg. After 20 days of the disease course, right-sided PES was accompanied by a mean pulmonary arterial pressure of 52 mm Hg, and left-sided by 48 mm Hg. After aspiration of effusion on the right, the pressure in the pulmonary artery decreased by 12 mm Hg, and with aspiration of effusion on the left, the pressure in the pulmonary artery decreased by 9 mm Hg.
Conclusions. Pulmonary arterial hypertension tends to increase. The main causes remain systemic diseases of the connective and vascular systems. We have found that one of the triggers of this complication is pleural cavity diseases accompanied by PES.
The Role of The Endothelium in the Pathogenesis of Damage to the Nervous System in Children with COVID-­19 According to the Results of the E-Selectin Biomarker Study
Authors: Seriakova I.Yu. , Kramarov S.O. , Yevtushenko V.V.
Published: December 2024

Objective — to assess the role of the endothelium in the structure of the nervous system damage in children with COVID-19 by determining the relationship of E-selectin with the markers of nervous system damage neuron-specific enolase and S100.
Materials and methods. We conducted a pilot observational study involving 88 patients aged 1 month to 18 years with a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19. All patients were receiving inpatient treatment at the Kyiv City Children’s Clinical Infectious Disease Hospital, Ukraine. During the first day of stay in the hospital, blood serum was collected from the examined children to determine the level of biomarkers NSE, S100 and E-selectin by enzyme immunoassay. CanAg NSE EIA kit (Fujirebio, Sweden) with a working measurement range of 1—150 µg/L for the NSE marker, CanAg S100 EIA kit (Fujirebio, Sweden) with a working measurement range of 1—3500 ng/L for the S100 marker and Human were used. E-selectin, SELE (BT-Lab Kit, China) with a working measurement range of 0.1—40 ng/ml and a sensitivity of 0.055 ng/ml. Statistical processing of the work results was performed using the statistical package «Statistical software EZR v. 1.54». 
Results and discussion. During the study of the correlation of the biomarker E-selectin with the neuromarkers NSE and S100, we found a linear correlation of moderate severity (p < 0.0001). The value of the correlation coefficient for NSE is r = 0.435 (95 % CI 0.25—0.59), for S100 it is r = 0.525 (95 % CI 0.36—0.66), statistically significantly different from 0.
Conclusions. The endothelium is involved in the pathogenesis of damage to the nervous system in children with COVID-19.
Screening for and Treatment of Epstein—Barr Virus Infection Reactivation as Rehabilitation Tool in Uncontrolled Asthma Patients Who Have Had COVID-19
Authors: Feshchenko Y.I. , Polianska M.O. , Ignatieva V.I. , Gumeniuk G.L. , Opimakh S.G.
Published: December 2024

Objective — to evaluate the frequency of the reactivation of Epstein—Barr virus (EBV) infection among patients with uncontrolled asthma who have had COVID-19 and to determine its treatment effectiveness as a rehabilitation tool.
Materials and methods. The study included 25 uncontrolled asthma patients with post-COVID syndrome. For all patients, we determined the presence of active EBV infection by polymerase chain reaction of saliva and nasopharyngeal samples. For the treatment of uncontrolled asthma patients with post-COVID syndrome and reactivation of EBV infection acyclovir 400 mg 4 times a day for 20 days, proteflazid 15 drops twice daily for 2 months, decametoxin 0.02 % solution nebulizer therapy for 10 days were prescribed. Before and after the therapy, the patients completed the Asthma Control Test (ACT) and Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ-7). In addition, we performed spirometry and the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) to assess the treatment efficacy.
Results and discussion. Reactivation of EBV infection was detected in 19 (76.0 ± 8.5) % of patients with uncontrolled bronchial asthma who have had COVID-19. For these 19 patient we prescribed therapy as listed in materials and methods. Under the treatment, there was a decrease in the severity of respiratory symptoms and an improvement in the control of bronchial asthma symptoms. After two months of treatment, the patients had a statistically significant enhancement in the control of asthma symptoms: ACT increased from (11.8 ± 0.7) to (19.3 ± 0.7) points, ACQ-7 decreased from (2.6 ± 0.1) to (1.1 ± 0.1) points with clinically important and statistical significance (p < 0.05). The pulmonary function, namely the vital and forced vital capacity and the bronchial patency (forced expiratory volume in the first second) improved under the study treatment. The small airways obstruction (mid-expiratory flow) decreased with a statistically significant difference. There was a physical exercise tolerance improvement by the 6MWT.
Conclusions. Reactivation of EBV infection is often (76 %) complication of COVID-19. The use of acyclovir, proteflazid and topical decametoxin therapy for these patients allows improving in asthma control according to the ACT and ACQ-7 questionnaires. With the improvement of the pulmonary function test, the exercise tolerance of the patients became better. Screening for and treatment of EBV infection reactivation is a possible rehabilitation element in uncontrolled asthma patients who have had COVID-19.
EXPLORING VILLAGE ECONOMIC POTENTIAL FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF VILLAGE-OWNED ENTERPRISE (BUMDES): CASE STUDY BUMDES AMANAH WONOSARI, GUNUNGKIDUL
Authors: Rohmah Siti , Purbaningrum Catarina Wahyu Dyah , Rochmadi Imsak , Afriyanti
Published: December 2024

The village is deliberated as the smallest government organization that has the closest association with the community and various potentials as an economy driver towards sustainable development. The economic capability that exists in Gunungkidul Regency refers to economic potential that can be developed to become a source of livelihood for the village. Village-Owned Enterprise or BUMDes is a business entity owned by the village, which was initiated as an effort to improve the welfare of the village’s people. BUMDes AMANAH was assigned in carrying out business activities, which are waste management, goods and services trading, and tourism. From the economic potential analysis of villages in Piyaman District, Piyaman, Wonosari, Gunungkidul, sectors that are covered are agriculture, agro-industry, agribusiness, crafts, natural beauty and educational tourism. This study employs qualitative research, which aims to describe and explain the natural data obtained thatput the researcher as the key instrument. Data collection with purposive sample and snowball resulting in an emphasis on generalization implication, and data quotations from facts revealed in the field, to be later presented in reports. Meanwhile, the existing business units require optimization efforts in various way to be sustainably implemented with strategies set based on internal and external constraints. Service optimization on existing business units require new breakthroughs in increasing revenue. Efforts to increase the capacity of Human Resources in managing BUMDes are also required. The role of the village government and full support for the progress of BUMDes are counted, by providing policies in business unit development and facilitation as well as reinforcing collaboration with Pentahelix synergy.
Pengembangan E-Modul Pada Materi Statistika Tingkat SMK untuk Menumbuhkan Profil Pelajar Pancasila
Authors: Bernessa Berlin Inbay , Retta Allen Marga , Octaria Dina
Published: December 2024

Kurikulum merdeka merupakan kurikulum yang didasarkan pada pendidikan karakter melalui Profil Pelajar Pancasila. Tujuan dari penelitian ini 1) menghasilkan e-modul materi statistika tingkat SMK untuk menumbuhkan profil pelajar Pancasila yang valid dan praktis; 2) mengetahui keefektifan dari e-modul pada materi statistika tingkat SMK untuk menumbuhkan profil siswa Pancasila yang telah dikembangkan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Research and Development (R&D) dengan menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE yang terdiri dari 5 tahapan yaitu Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, angket  dan tes. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis kevalidan, kepraktisan dan keefektifan. Tingkat kevalidan yang dinilai oleh 3 orang validator mendapatkan skor 90,6%, sehingga dikategorikan sangat valid. Tingkat kepraktisan setelah dilakukan ujicobakan ke peserta didik mencapai skor 84,7%, sehingga dikategorikan sangat praktis. Berdasarkan tes hasil belajar peserta didik 80% dari 20 orang tuntas dengan nilai ≥75, dalam hal ini berarti penggunaan e-modul statistika termasuk kategori efektif. Dengan ini disimpulkan bahwa e-modul statistika yang telah dikembangkan dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran matematika.
Validitas E-LKPD Berbasis Problem Based Learning (PBL) pada Materi Eksponen
Authors: Mista Widia , Aima Zulfitri , Fitri Dewi Yuliana
Published: December 2024

Peserta didik yang belum pernah menggunakan LKPD yang dilengkapi dengan gambar, video, dan warna menjadi salah satu latar belakang penelitian ini, karena mereka mengalami kesulitan dalam memahami materi yang disampaikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan LKPD berbasis Problem Based Learning (PBL) pada materi eksponen di kelas X Fase E SMAN 1 Lembah Melintang, Kabupaten Pasaman Barat. Peserta didik kelas X Fase E SMAN 1 Lembah Melintang berfungsi sebagai subjek penelitian. Model pengembangan Plomp, yang mencakup fase 1 dan 2, yaitu fase studi pendahuluan dan fase prototipe, serta pengujian validitas, digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil validitas LKPD dikategorikan sangat valid dengan nilai akhir 85,2% berdasarkan penilaian validator. Temuan penelitian ini mendukung pendapat bahwa E-LKPD berbasis PBL untuk materi eksponen merupakan metode yang sangat reliabel.
Analisis Kesalahan Siswa dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Matematika Tipe HOTS Berdasarkan Teori Nolting Ditinjau dari Gaya Kognitif
Authors: Nadila Nadila , Anggoro Bambang Sri , Pratiwi Dona Dinda
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis kesalahan dan faktor penyebab kesalahan yang dilakukan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal matematika bersadarkan teori Nolting pada kelas IX SMP Negeri 4 Kotabumi Lampung Utara. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Subjek penelitian ini ialah 6 siswa kelas IX SMP negeri 4 Kotabumi Lampung Utara yang dipilih berdasarkan masing-masing 3 siswa yang termasuk dalam kategori Field Independen dan 3 siswa yang termasuk kategori Field Dependent. Instrumen yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini ialah lembar soal tes GEFT dan tes soal serta pedoman wawancara. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah teknik tes dan teknik wawancara. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yakni kondensasi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan/verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis kesalahan yang dilakukan oleh siswa SMP Negeri 4 Kotabumi dalam menyelesaikan soal Matematika tipe HOTS berdasarkan teori Nolting yaitu Careless Erors, Concept Erors, Applicaton erors dan Test Taking Erors. Kesalahan terbesar dilakukan pada jenis kesalahan Concept Erors yang mengakibatkan jawaban yang tidak tepat. Faktor penyebab kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal Matematika tipe HOTS adalah minimnya pemahaman siswa pada materi SPLDV, kurangnya minat siswa dalam pelajaran matematika, siswa ceroboh dalam menyelesaikan soal dan siswa salah dalam menghitung.
Efecto de la fertilización nitrogenada sobre la "mancha negra del tallo" (Phoma oleracea var. helianthi-tuberosi Sacc.) en cuatro genotipos de girasol (Helianthus annuus L.)
Authors: Velazquez P. D. , Formento N.
Published: December 2024

El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar el efecto de la fertilización nitrogenada sobre la "mancha negra del tallo" (Phoma oleracea var. helianthi-tuberosi Sacc.) en 4 genotipos (IN-PRA 03, ACA 884, TC 2000 y Paraíso 3) de girasol (Helianthus annuus L.) bajo condiciones de epidemia natural. El diseño experimental utilizado fue el de parcelas divididas con 4 repeticiones; los genotipos se asignaron a las parcelas principales y los niveles de N de 0 y 46 kg.ha⁻¹, a las subparcelas. En los estados fenológicos R6, R7, R8 y R8-R9, se registraron la incidencia de la enfermedad y el número de manchas sobre el tallo. Los genotipos presentaron diferencias significativas para ambas variables en los estados fenológicos evaluados; TC 2000 y Paraíso 3 fueron los más susceptibles. En los estados R6 y R7, la fertilización nitrogenada incrementó significativamente la incidencia (31 y 12%) y el número de manchas (43 y 22%). La interacción genotipo x fertilizante no fue significativa.
Remote Sensing Monitoring of Erosion-Degraded Agricultural Landscapes: scientific-methodical and practical recommendations.
Authors: Tarariko O. H. , Ilienko T. V. , Kuchma T. L. , Vlasova O. V. , Solokha M. O. , Zubov A. O. , Bilokin O. A.
Published: December 2024

These recommendations were developed as part of the Scientific and Research Program «Agrocosmos» spearheaded by the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences (NAAS). Drawing on extensive researches conducted by the authors and synthesizing findings from research institutions within NAAS and the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, these recommendations offer practical guidance on remote sensing application for monitoring of agricultural landscapes degradation. The paper discusses the legal framework supporting soil protection, including key aspects of the UN Convention to Combat Desertification. It also delves into the scientific and methodological underpinnings of using satellite data for agroecological monitoring, particularly in developing mathematical models of soil erosion based on satellite imagery. Recommendations are provided on how to form an erosion-resistant agricultural landscape and achieve a neutral level of soil erosion degradation under current land use practices and climate variations.
Intended for professionals in agricultural production and environmental management, as well as students pursing advanced degrees in ecology and agronomy, these recommendations invite constructive feedback and insights from the readership.
Scientific principles of classification of regime-forming objects and restrictions on land use in the State Land Cadastre: monograph
Authors: DOROSH DOROSH Yosyp , BRATINOVA Mariia , DERKULSKYI Roman , DOROSH Andrii , DOROSH Olha , IBATULLIN Shamil , KUPRIIANCHYK Iryna , MELNYK Denys , SAKAL Oksana , SALIUTA Viktoriia , TARNOPOLSKYI Andrii , TARNOPOLSKYI Yevhen , KHARYTONENKO Roman
Published: December 2024

The monograph reveals the theoretical and methodological foundations of the formation and effective functioning of the institute of land use restrictions and encumbrances of land rights. The author’s approach to the analysis of problematic issues in the institutional provision of the classification of regime-forming objects and restrictions on the use of land and land plots is proposed, which is based on the allocation of formal and informal components, which subsequently makes it possible to substantiate the structure of the appropriate classification in the State Land Cadastre. Probable errors arising from the modern approach to the classification of regime-forming objects and land use restrictions are analyzed, ways to eliminate such errors are proposed.
The monograph is intended for scientists, teachers, degree holders, students, a wide range of managers and specialists in the field of land management, business representatives, public associations, and everyone who is interested in the classification of regime-forming objects and land use restrictions in the State Land Cadastre.
A tight relationship between BOLD fMRI activation/deactivation and increase/decrease in single neuron responses in human association cortex
Authors: Laurent Marie-Alphée , Jacques Corentin , Yan Xiaoqian , Jurczynski Pauline , Colnat-Coulbois Sophie , Maillard Louis , Le Cam Steven , Ranta Radu , Cottereau Benoit , Koessler Laurent , Jonas Jacques , Rossion Bruno
Published: December 2024

The relationship between Blood-Oxygen-Level-Dependent (BOLD) responses in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and increases or decreases in neural firing rate across human brain regions, especially the association cortex, remains largely unknown. Here, we contrast direct measures of neuronal activity in two adjacent brain regions of the fusiform gyrus (FG) associated with fMRI increases (lateral FG portion) or decreases (medial FG portion) of the same category-selective neural activity. In both individual brains tested across multiple recording sessions, a frequency-tagging stimulation objectively identified a substantial proportion (about 70%) of face-selective neurons. While single-units recorded in the lateral FG showed a selective increase to faces, neurons localized in the medial FG decreased spiking activity selectively to faces. Beyond a relative reduction to faces compared to non-face objects, about a third of single neurons found in the medial FG showed genuine suppression of baseline spiking activity upon presentation of a face. These observations clarify the nature of face-selective neural activity in the human brain, which can be expressed both as increases and active suppressions of spiking activity, and, more generally, shed light on the physiological basis of the fMRI signal.
Separate Worlds of Misinformation. An Explorative Study of Checked Claims in German Public Broadcast News and Talk Shows
Authors: Nenno Sami
Published: December 2024

Research on misinformation has mostly focused on social media and alternative news. By contrast, we know little about the extent of misinformation in mainstream media, especially public broadcasting. Given that public broadcasting plays a central role in news consumption, there is reason to fill this research gap. This study is a first step in that direction. By semi-automatically matching fact-checked claims with statements from the subtitles of German public broadcasting news and talk shows, the study examines the dynamics of these claims. It finds a total of 77 matches in 67 episodes, or 4.85% of all episodes. The rate is higher for talk shows (11.62%) than for news shows (2.28%). The claims cover a range of topics and often aim to destabilize trust in public institutions or discredit the political course of opposing parties. In most cases, they are made by politicians from populist or (far) right parties. In about half of cases, the claim is contradicted by the journalist or talk show guest, but often it is left uncommented, even if the claim was fact-checked before or the speaker was already known to have made the claim. The match rate for fact-checking organizations increases with their affinity for checking claims made by public figures, since claims on television almost never come from an anonymous source online. This suggests that misinformation on public television does not amplify anonymous online misinformation but is relatively independent of it. The article concludes with directions for future research and recommendations for countering misinformation in public broadcasting television.
Analysis of Sea Level Rise in the Philippines using Coastal Tide-gauge Observations
Authors: Dabu Ronaldyn
Published: December 2024

Water level determines flooding and considerably affect wave climate. It is important to consider it in both disaster mitigation and coastal structure design. National Mapping and Resource Information Authority (NAMRIA) is the government agency that collects, process and utilize water level data along its 63 tide stations in the Philippines. The NAMRIA tide data are composed of tide time series and tide normals. The time series are in the interval of an hour and is also used to derive the tide normal. To assess the trends of the tide time series, the sea level rise in some tide stations are assessed. Monthly mean sea level from NAMRIA and Permanent Service on Mean Sea Level (PSMSL) are used in Least-square linear solution to obtain the Average Seasonal Cycle (ASC) and sea level trends in each stations. The ASC accounts for the steric effects on water level such as the temperature, salinity, and discharge of water from nearby river. Results showed that shorter period of observation (NAMRIA tide data) are lesser in magnitude (0 to 1 mm/year) and cannot capture the negative trends of sea level rates. Using longer period of observation (PSMSL data), negative sea level trends are obtained in 10 stations (Jolo, Legaspi, Pulupandan, San Fernando, San Jose, Subic, Surigao, Tacloban, Tandag, and Virac). Since generally, the sea level rates are increasing, falling sea level trends on these open coast areas can be accounted from the upward vertical land movement. It is recommended to use longer period of observations to deeply examine the long-term trends of sea level rise in the Philippines.
Contextual Depth Projection in Large Language Models Through Semantic Lattice Frameworks
Authors: Harrow Jarrod , Wickersham Lily , Rotherham Samuel , Farnsworth Ella , McElhenny Grace
Published: December 2024

Semantic representation within computational linguistics requires innovative methodologies to address limitations in contextual understanding and hierarchical reasoning. The semantic lattice framework introduced here leverages graph-based structures to redefine contextual relationships, facilitating dynamic adjustments that significantly enhance linguistic comprehension. Through its integration into transformer-based architectures, the framework achieves improved accuracy and efficiency across diverse natural language tasks, including classification, summarization, and cross-referential analysis. Experimental results demonstrate substantial improvements in coherence and adaptability, particularly in processing extended narratives and highly structured textual datasets. The proposed framework incorporates weighted node-edge dynamics to capture local and global dependencies, addressing challenges associated with ambiguity and non-linear semantic constructs. Quantitative metrics reveal notable gains in performance, while qualitative observations highlight advancements in semantic alignment and contextual depth. The modularity of the framework ensures seamless integration without necessitating extensive architectural modifications, making it a scalable solution for modern computational demands. Robustness to input variability further reinforces its applicability to real-world scenarios, where data inconsistencies are common. Detailed analyses of inference times and energy consumption demonstrate its computational efficiency, balancing enhanced capabilities with resource constraints. Case studies across domains such as legal, medical, and literary datasets emphasize the framework’s ability to generalize and maintain high accuracy in specialized applications. The findings demonstrate the transformative potential of graph-enhanced methodologies in achieving unprecedented levels of linguistic precision and contextual awareness. This approach establishes a foundational shift toward more sophisticated representations in large-scale language models, ensuring both scalability and accuracy in processing complex textual data.
CoordiLang: Assessing Multi-Agent Coordination Skills in Large Language Models
Authors: Taylor Emma , Lee Jacob
Published: December 2024

The advanced reasoning and inferential capabilities exhibited by Large Language Models (LLMs) position them as viable candidates for orchestrating coordination among multiple agents. This paper presents \textit{CoordiLang}, a novel benchmark designed to rigorously evaluate the coordination prowess of LLMs within the framework of Pure Coordination Games, where agents must collaborate without conflicting interests to maximize collective gains. \textit{CoordiLang} encompasses two primary evaluation facets: (1) \textbf{Agentic Coordination}, wherein LLMs assume proactive roles in facilitating cooperation across four distinct pure coordination scenarios; and (2) \textbf{Coordination Question Answering (QA)}, involving 200 meticulously crafted multiple-choice queries derived from the aforementioned games to assess three critical reasoning dimensions: Environmental Understanding, Theory of Mind (ToM) Reasoning, and Collaborative Planning. Additionally, we introduce the \textit{Coordination Cognitive Framework (CCF)}, a modular architecture enabling seamless integration of various LLMs as interchangeable components within coordination tasks. Empirical results demonstrate that LLMs, particularly those augmented with the latest iterations like GPT-4-X, achieve performance on par with state-of-the-art reinforcement learning (RL) agents in environments necessitating intuitive, environment-based actions. Notably, zero-shot coordination assessments reveal that LLMs exhibit enhanced adaptability to novel partners compared to traditional RL methodologies. However, significant gaps remain in their ToM reasoning and collaborative planning capabilities, highlighting avenues for future improvement. Our comprehensive analysis underscores the pivotal role of environmental comprehension and partner intention inference in effective multi-agent collaboration.
Groundwater connected art: practicing arts-based research to enrich how hydrogeology engages people, place and other disciplines
Authors: Gleeson Tom
Published: December 2024

Groundwater depletion, contamination, and governance challenges persist despite decades of groundwater research. Scientific methods are crucial yet seem insufficient to inspire the deep emotional and cultural connections needed for real change – groundwater challenges and opportunities are not reaching enough hearts and minds. This article calls for a bold shift: integrating arts-based research into hydrogeology. By blending art forms like drama, visual art, storytelling and music with the scientific process, we can spark more powerful connections to this invisible yet vital resource. Examples of groundwater in diverse art practices already exist and could be expanded in manifold ways through expressions of groundwater tastes, smells, sounds, textures, movements, landscapes, cultures and connections in community and into the future. Art can bridge gaps across disciplines, reach broader communities, and offer fresh ways of thinking about groundwater. From ideation to data collection and communication, the creative process has the power to make hydrogeology more human, emotional, and impactful. This article invites groundwater and environmental scientists to embrace creativity and collaboration with artists and communities to change how we engage and value this invisible resource.
Moderating the consequences of longitudinal change for distal outcomes
Authors: McCormick Ethan Michael
Published: December 2024

There has been a growing interest in using earlier change to predict downstream distal outcomes in development, however, prior work has mostly focused on estimating the unique effect of the different growth parameters (e.g., intercept and slope) rather than focusing on the trajectory as a whole. Here I lay a distal outcome latent curve model with latent interactions which attempts to model the *joint* effect of growth parameters on these later outcomes. I show again that these models require us to contend with unintuitive time coding effects which can impact the direction and significance of effects and that plotting and probing are necessary for disambiguating these joint effects. These graphical approaches emphasize practical approaches for applied researchers in understanding these effects. I then outline how future research can help clarify optimal approaches for using the trajectory as a whole rather than the unique effects of its individual sub-components.
Pro-environmental decisions are hampered by their opportunity costs – evidence from effort-based decision-making
Authors: Kukkonen Nanne , Lange Florian , Van den Bossche Casper , Krebs Ruth
Published: December 2024

Pro-environmental behavior is often conceptualized as a trade-off between environmental benefits and the associated costs: a person engages in a pro-environmental behavior if the value of the environmental benefit outweighs the time, effort, or money required to generate it. However, pro-environmental behavior does not occur in a vacuum: behaving pro-environmentally most often implies not engaging in competing behaviors, but the associated opportunity costs have rarely been considered in previous work. Here, we study pro-environmental behavior as an effort-based decision-making process to better understand how pro-environmental behavior is shaped by the costs and benefits of competing behavioral options. In two studies (N = 115, N = 255), participants were asked to choose between exerting effort to obtain monetary rewards either for themselves or for the environment. By manipulating reward magnitude and effort level of each option orthogonally, we found that smaller environmental rewards led to increased effort discounting, that is, the level of effort affected decisions more at low levels of environmental reward. This effect was especially strong when the alternative (self-benefitting) option was effortful and/or carried low incentive value, suggesting that the effort related to pro-environmental behavior is most relevant at low opportunity cost.
The relationship between trait curiosity and cognitive reserve in younger and older adults
Authors: Wiegand Iris , Donkers Isabel , Sanchez Sebastian Agustin Balart , Pope Marianna , Pérez Ayora Gaspar , Oosterman Joukje
Published: December 2024

Understanding individual differences in cognitive reserve is key to predicting, and potentially influencing, factors that promote healthy cognitive aging. It has been suggested that individuals who are more curious engage in more stimulating activities and thereby increase their cognitive reserve. In the present study, we investigated the relationships between dimensions of trait curiosity and different proxies of cognitive reserve - education, occupation, and leisure activities - in groups of younger and middle-to-older aged adults. Our results provide evidence for a relationship between multiple dimensions of trait curiosity and cognitive reserve, which was more pronounced in later adulthood. In the middle-to-older age group, all proxies of cognitive reserve were related to curiosity, albeit to different dimensions of the trait: higher interest-based epistemic curiosity and perceptual curiosity predicted higher education and leisure activities. In contrast, deprivation-sensitive curiosity was positively associated with occupation, but negatively associated with leisure. In the young group, only leisure activities were significantly predicted by perceptual curiosity. This study adds to the emerging literature on the role of personality in cognitive reserve and highlights the multifaceted influence of trait curiosity, which is larger in older age.
Fathers’ Involvement: Mothers’ Perceived Benefits of Promoting Paternal Involvement Through a WhatsApp-Based Preventive Intervention for Postpartum Depression
Authors: Fernández Olga , Aldoney Daniela , Fernández Sofia , Pérez Francisca , García Ignacia M. , Pérez Carola J. , Coo Soledad
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Despite the social and cultural changes of the recent decades, the tasks associated with childcare continue to be assumed mainly by women, increasing stress and, in some cases, negatively affecting maternal mental health. The “m-What were we thinking” (m-WWWT) intervention seeks to reduce the risk of developing postpartum depression and anxiety symptoms in women by increasing self-efficacy in caring for a newborn and perceived social support, with a special focus on the partner's role. The objective of this study was to describe the mothers’ perception of how this intervention facilitated the father's parenting involvement.

Methods:

Sixty-four text messages from 25 first-time mothers participating in the m-WWWT program were analyzed using the Grounded Theory open and axial coding criteria.

Results:

There are four subjective themes linked to fathers and parenthood. The first refers to the loss of the previous balance and increased stress with the arrival of the first child; the second, to the importance of watching the intervention videos together; the third, to the possibility of communicating regarding what is happening; and the fourth, to the shared conceptualization of parenting among the couples.

Conclusion:

These findings suggest that m-WWWT positively influences paternal involvement in the postpartum period, which is a relevant factor to promote maternal and infant well-being.
The Barrackman in Colonial New South Wales
Authors: Byrne Paula Jane
Published: December 2024

Hyde Park Barracks in Sydney, Australia, was opened by Governor Macquarie in 1819. As an institution it stood at the intersection of new and fashionable discussions about prisons and imprisonment, naval discipline, and the emergence of a diligent and Methodist-influenced culture of clerks. Together they created the meaning of the walls and wards, the fabric of the building. Confinement produced “Barrackmen,” a distinct subculture produced outside the notions of labour and centered on pain. The author accesses the Barracks by examining the Bench Book of 1820–1821, a rare surviving document of the late Macquarie period.
Fundamentals of rural development strategy
Authors:   VNIOPTUSKH is a branch of the Federal Scientific Center for Agrarian Economics and Social Development of Rural Territories – VNIIESH, Moscow, Russia, Zakharov Ruslan V.
Published: December 2024

The article identifies the basic factors influencing the development of rural areas. It is established that they have a managerial nature and are primary in relation to other factors. It is shown that their accounting requires improvement of the strategy of public administration. It is concluded that the solution of this problem requires compliance with a number of conditions: to form a mechanism for the influence of local communities on decisions taken by authorities in the field of rural development; to rationally distribute functions, powers and resources between administrative levels; to improve methodological approaches to designing the structure of the rural territories management system, developing programs for their development, staffing the village, as well as increasing the motivation of authorities for the development of rural territories.
Domestic food aid in Russia: US experience and lessons
Authors:   Georgy Arbatov Institute for U.S. and Canada Studies of Russian Academy of Sciences (ISKRAN), Moscow, Russia, Ovchinnikov Oleg G.
Published: December 2024

The issue of the need to start implementing domestic food assistance (DFA) programs in Russia for citizens in need was officially included in the agenda of the Government of the Russian Federation more than ten years ago. The DFA Concept was rather quickly written and adopted in 2014, and a plan for its implementation was outlined. However, so far there has been actually no progress in this matter. The proposed work analyzes the chronology of attempts to implement the DFA program, the problems that stood in the way of this, the mistakes that were initially made when planning the composition and principles of the DFA, and provides specific recommendations for their improvement. At the same time, we used an analysis of the practice of similar programs in the United States, which has about ninety years, during which significant experience has been accumulated, including in terms of mistakes made, “side effects”, etc. Which, when critically understood, makes it possible to optimize the process of forming DFA programs in Russia.
Agricultural tourism as a factor of diversification of the regional economy: directions of institutional influence
Authors:   Ural State University of Economics, Yekaterinburg, Russia, Pyankova Svetlana G. , Linin Vyacheslav V. ,   Federal Research Center «Subtropical Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences», Sochi, Russia
Published: December 2024

The article examines agrotourism as a mechanism for diversifying the regional economy and its role in the socio-economic development of rural areas. The authors analyzed the current state and prospects for the development of this area in Russia. Agricultural tourism is one of the strategic development priorities in European countries, and its growth in the global market is noted. Scientific theoretical approaches to determining the role of agrotourism and its impact on sustainable regional development are also studied. The article analyzes the multiplicative impact of agricultural tourism on rural areas. It manifests itself through stimulating economic activity, strengthening social ties and cultural heritage, as well as through promoting environmentally sustainable practices in rural areas. The article analyzes the influence of the components of the institutional structure on the effectiveness of the development of the agrotouristic direction.
Ações e desafios para o acolhimento e implantação de práticas educacionais inclusivas para alunos refugiados e migrantes
Authors: Marques Welisson , Ribeiro Roberta Daiane , Kikuichi Vivian Zerbinatti da Fonseca
Published: December 2024

Historicamente, a humanidade sempre conviveu com as migrações forçadas, causadas pelos mais diversos fatores, como guerras e conflitos, crises humanitárias, limpeza étnica, perseguição religiosa, desastres e mudanças ambientais, construção de obras de infraestrutura, expansão de áreas de cultivo e pastagens e escravização de povos. O número de pessoas fugindo de guerras, perseguições e conflitos superou a marca de 70 milhões em 2018. Dentre estes, estão milhões de crianças, que além de lidar com todos os traumas envolvidos, enfrentarão um desafio ainda maior: a escola. Infelizmente, muitas escolas brasileiras ainda não estão preparadas para acolher e integrar o aluno refugiado ou migrante, causando enormes prejuízos para o aprendizado e desenvolvimento dessas crianças. Levando em consideração tais informações, o objetivo principal do presente artigo é discutir sobre o processo de acolhimento e inclusão dos alunos migrantes e refugiados no atual contexto educacional brasileiro, por meio de uma revisão de literatura. Para elaboração deste artigo, foi realizado levantamento bibliográfico, utilizando-se as palavras-chaves: “educação”, “migrante”, “refugiado” e “inclusão”. Dentre as referências utilizadas, pode-se destacar: Estatuto dos Refugiados (ACNUR, 1951), UNHCR (2019a) e Barreto (2010). Conclui-se que a solução parece ser a efetiva participação do Estado como ente provedor de políticas públicas efetivas. Além disso, as instituições de ensino precisam estar preparadas para tornar o ambiente escolar inclusivo e acolhedor, compreendendo as diferenças e respeitando a cultura de cada aluno como uma rica fonte de conhecimento a ser compartilhado.
Creative Crossroads: Artists of the Lysenko Circle
Authors: Davidenko Valentyna
Published: December 2024

The article examines the relationships between the composer Mykola Lysenko and artists. The study outlines his closest circle, creative connections with artists who in different periods of his life immortalized the image of Lysenko in sketches and portraits, kept in the funds of the Museum of Outstanding Figures of Ukrainian Culture. The article traces, through little-known recollections and letters, the mutual influences of creative elements, which enriched new impressions and contributed to the emergence of musical masterpieces. Lysenko’s correspondence with the artist Fotii Krasytskyi is an invaluable source for the study of issues related to the development of national culture.
Establishment of the Tradition of English Tea Drinking and the Development of Tea Forms in Porcelain and Faience in Great Britain
Authors: Shkolna Olga , Dietochka Olha
Published: December 2024

The article highlights the history of the establishment and key features of the famous cultural tradition of the English tea party. It was found out that the first mentions of this eastern drink in Britain were known as early as the time of Shakespeare in the 16th century, and already in the second half of the next century, tea was actively exported and distributed across the country. An important role in the spread of tea in England was played by the East India Company, first of Holland, and later directly of Britain. It has been established that the period of origin and spread of the fashion for tea parties and etiquette was from the 18th to mid-19th centuries. Further development of this fashion was marked by the transformation of the habit of tea drinking in accordance with the requirements and tastes of the time, and its establishment as an integral feature of the culture of England.
The article considers the complete set of purely British tea services at different times of the day. It was determined that different items and quantities of dishes were used for tea at breakfast, lunch and afternoon, during the famous “five o’clock” break and in the evening. The authors emphasize the use of specific forms of porcelain and faience, inherent exclusively to the British tradition.
The purpose of the article is to reveal the specifics of the English tea party tradition and the use of the appropriate thin ceramic dishes. The research methodology is based on general scientific principles, methods and approaches, which played an important role in revealing the history of the development of the tea tradition and its attributes. Key importance is given to historical, chronological, comparative and cultural methods, which made it possible to highlight the key features of the historical and cultural background of the establishment of the tea drinking habit. In addition, the method of art analysis was used to identify the transformations of dishes, the specifics of their shaping and decoration.