bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The genome sequence of an anthomyiid fly, Eustalomyia histrio (Zetterstedt, 1838)
Authors: Falk Steven , Brighton Philip ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: April 2024

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Eustalomyia histrio (Anthomyiid fly; Arthropoda; Insecta; Diptera; Anthomyiidae). The genome sequence is 871.3 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 6 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 19.42 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 26,785 protein coding genes.
Onde eu tô a lata tá: A transcendência do material “não-nobre” na pesquisa plástica e poética de Deneir de Souza, João Fiúza e Raimundo Rodriguez
Authors: Gesomino Renata
Published: April 2024

O artigo aborda a transcendência enquanto transfiguração do sentido comum para ouso de materiais “não-nobres”, apresentando uma análise crítica das pesquisas plásticas e poéticasde três artistas visuais baseados na Baixada Fluminense, região periférica do Rio de Janeiro,articulando tal materialidade à relevantes aspectos da arte contemporânea e a construção deuma identidade territorial.
Deferred revascularization in diabetic patient according to combined invasive functional and intravascular imaging data: A case report
Authors: Al Nooryani Arif , Aboushokka Wael , Beleslin Branko , Nedeljkovic-Beleslin Biljana
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Invasive functional evaluation by fractional flow reserve (FFR) is considered as a gold standard for the evaluation of intermediate coronary stenosis. However, in patients with diabetes due to accelerated progression of atherosclerosis the outcome may be worse even in the presence of negative functional testing.

CASE SUMMARY

We present a case of 55-year-old male diabetic patient who was admitted for chest pain. Diagnostic coronary angiography disclosed 2 intermediate stenoses of the obtuse marginal branch with no evidence of restenosis on previously implanted stent. Patient undergone invasive functional testing of intermediate lesion with preserved FFR (0.88), low coronary flow reserve (1.2) and very high index of microvascular resistance (84). Due to discrepancy in invasive functional parameters, intravascular imaging with optical coherence tomography showed fibrotic stenoses without signs of thin-sup fibroatheroma. Because of the preserved FFR and no signs of vulnerable plaque, the interventional procedure was deferred and the patient continued with optimal medications.

CONCLUSION

Combined functional and anatomic imaging of intermediate coronary stenosis in diabetic patients represent comprehensive contemporary decision pathway in the management of the patients.
Stromal Carcinoma Associated Fibroblasts Promote Drug Resistance of Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells by Modulation of ROS via CXCR4/CXCL12 Signaling
Authors: Alsanani Ahlim , Patel Brij B. , Wondisford Sarah , Johnson Nadine , Banerjee Debabrata
Published: April 2024

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most aggressive malignancies, with a 5-year overall survival of less than 5%. Tumor drug resistance to conventional chemotherapy, such as Gemcitabine, is often a significant contributor to poor overall survival. One of the common mechanisms of Gemcitabine resistance is activation of cell signaling via increased phosphorylation of mitogen-Activated kinase (MAP) kinases, leading to increased tumor sur- vival and reduced sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents. A growing body of evidence suggests that the CXCL12/CXCR4 signal transduction axis in the tumor microenvironment is an important mediator of tumor migration, growth, and drug resistance. We hypothesized that stromal cells such as carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), an important cellular component of the tumor microenvironment (TME), play a contributory role in the growth, invasiveness, and drug response of pancreatic cancer cells (PCCs) by activating CXCL12/CXCR4-mediated signal transduction. To test this, we used an in vitro model system to study the growth, invasion, and drug response of human PCCs in the presence or absence of in vitro generated CAFs and their precursors, the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Functional studies demonstrated that co-culture of PCCs with CAFs led to signifi- cant increase in tumor cell invasion, which was abrogated by blockade of CXCR4 by plerixafor (AMD3100), a CXCR4 antagonist, and by siRNA- mediated knockdown of CXCR4 in CAFs. Further, we examined the effect of AMD3100 on the chemoresistance of PCCs to Gemcitabine. Our results indicated that AMD3100 reversed Gemcitabine-mediated chemoresistance of PCCs cells in the presence of CAFs or CAFconditioned media. In co- culture with pancreatic cancer cells, CAFs induced activation of MAPK signaling pathways and enhanced transcription of Mn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), and catalase, genes involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) pathways. Using Phloretin (a natural flavonoid found in apple leaves), a ROS inhibitor, we observed attenuation of MAPK signaling, SOD activity, and reversal of drug resistance in CAF-exposed pancreatic cancer cells. Phloretin in combination with Gem- citabine produced remarkable antitumor effects in a tumor xenograft model in immune compromised animals. These findings implicate CXCL12/CXCR4- dependent MAPK signaling and ROS pathways in CAF-mediated modulation of the growth, migration, and drug resistance of PCCs and provide a rationale for developing combination therapies for control of pancreatic cancer.
Estrategias para la incorporación de la inteligencia artificial en educación a partir de ChatGPT: Oportunidades y dilemas para profesorado, alumnado e investigación-publicación
Authors: Lindín Carles
Published: April 2024

Las tecnologías y los procesos propios de la inteligencia artificial (IA) forman parte del ámbito educativo desde hace décadas, aunque el conocimiento práctico se amplía a finales del 2022 con la difusión de una de las concreciones de esta tecnología digital: ChatGPT. Nos planteamos cómo podemos gestionar esta realidad en educación y proponemos un itinerario para facilitar y favorecer un uso ético y responsable de la IA en tres realidades que convergen en el trabajo final de máster (TFM) de formación del profesorado. El alumnado debe discernir cómo incorporar estrategias IA en su propio aprendizaje; en un futuro cercano, en los aprendizajes de su estudiantado, y durante la investigación y redacción académica. Para ofrecer respuestas a estas cuestiones, localizamos la IA dentro del marco de adquisición de competencias digitales, analizamos diferentes modelos de decisión/uso de tecnologías generativas de IA, proponemos una taxonomía de IA generativa de Bloom e indicamos cómo preguntar en lenguaje natural a ChatGPT para obtener los resultados más precisos. Finalmente, indicamos estrategias de usos concretos mediante un itinerario de acompañamiento para facilitar la incorporación de la IA en la práctica educativa.
Genealogy of Species as a Limit-Concept
Authors: Diran Ingrid
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This essay problematizes "species" at a moment when this concept has become ubiquitous in and indispensable to ecological thought. Through a reading of Dipesh Chakrabarty and Alexandre Kojève—who, I argue, is a key precursor of Chakrabarty's thought—I show how "species" sits in dialectical tension with the category of the "human," and argue that while the latter has been thoroughly problematized across fields, its dialectical relation to "species" has not. I thus attend to "species" as an anthropological "limit-concept," illuminating how this term has been constructed as an antithesis to the historical human that is itself constitutively without history and without speech. I not only question this assumption, but, via genealogy, also trace it back to a colonial matrix that makes clear the ways in which anti-Blackness modulates this dialectic between "human" and "species," consigning Black subjects to the position of the specimen. In genealogical perspective, moreover, one sees that the "species" limit-concept also includes a decolonial counter-analytic, which I locate in the work of Frantz Fanon and Sylvia Wynter. Both thinkers trouble "species" as a category of racialized experience, proposing, in turn, that those forced to inhabit "species" might also interrupt its production of the human as Man. When the movement of the anthropological dialectic is stalled, I claim, it appears now as a material image, an insurgent visuality. Ultimately, then, I contend that critical attention to the history of the (de-historicized and de-historicizing) concept of "species" and to the role of race within it enables us to see our ecological conjuncture otherwise. Deepening our engagement with this history can help us understand what this category has done to the myriad others-to-Man to whom it is addressed, and what they have done in response.
Text information security protection method based on computer-generated holograms
Authors: Wang Qiuyang , Ge Aiming , Chen Xindi , Wu Jiangbo , Liu Shuo , Zhu Dongsheng
Published: April 2024

Currently, computer-generated holograms (CGHs) based on ray tracing technology are generated faster and faster, and the reconstructed scenes are getting bigger and bigger and contain more and more information. Based on this situation, there are also more applications of using CGHs to hide information, but there is a lack of research on the ability to hide information. To address this issue, this paper proposes a point-sampling CGH method based on ray tracing. Our method utilizes ray tracing techniques to rapidly sample text information at different depths in the scene and hides the depth-encoded text information in the carrier image using discrete cosine transform. The reconstructed image after embedding shows good results, with a peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of 29.56 dB between the hidden images before and after embedding. The PSNR value between the embedded carrier image and the original carrier image is 51.66 dB, making it difficult for the human eye to distinguish, thereby effectively protecting the generated CGH. We also analyzed the maximum information density and observed that computational holograms obtain the maximum information density at 200×200 resolution.
Optics and Photonics in Sydney: introduction to the focus issue
Authors: Betters Christopher H. , Li Liwei , Martijn de Sterke C.
Published: April 2024

This focus issue provides an overview of current applied optics
research activities in the Sydney region in Australia, illustrating
the breadth and depth of the research carried out in the region. Below
we first give an overview of some of the history of optics research in
Sydney and then brief descriptions of the 10 papers in the issue.
Photonic-assisted wideband microwave frequency measurement based on optical heterodyne detection
Authors: Li Xiang , Fan Zhiqiang , Su Jun , Wang Yunxiang , Shi Shuangjin , Qiu Qi
Published: April 2024

A photonic-assisted microwave frequency measurement (MFM) method based on optical heterodyne detection is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. In the proposed MFM system, a linearly chirped optical waveform (LCOW) from a three-electrode distributed Bragg reflector laser diode (DBR-LD) and a multi-wavelength signal from a Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM), where the signal under test (SUT) is modulated on an optical carrier from a distributed feedback laser diode (DFB-LD), are heterodyne detected by the photodetector (PD). A bandpass filter then filters the detected signal, and the envelope is detected by an oscilloscope. Then, frequency-to-time mapping is realized, and the signal frequency is measured. Thanks to the fast tuning rate and large tuning range of the DBR-LD, the proposed MFM system has a high measurement speed and a broad instantaneous measurement bandwidth. In the experimental demonstration, a measurement error below 39.1 MHz is achieved at an instantaneous bandwidth of 20 GHz and a measurement speed of 1.12 GHz/µs. The MFM of a frequency-hopping signal is also experimentally demonstrated. The successful demonstration of the MFM system with a simple structure provides a new optical solution for realizing broadband and fast microwave frequency measurements.
Optically synchronized unidirectional optical amplifier-based coherent optical fiber links
Authors: Qiu Ziang , Li Rong , Hu Liang , Wu Guiling , Chen Jianping
Published: April 2024

We report on the realization of a unidirectional transmission-based bidirectional erbium-doped fiber amplifier (UTB-EDFA) for the coherent optical fiber links. By applying an optical phase-locked loop (OPLL) between the two unidirectional EDFA (Ui-EDFA) paths, the annoying uncorrelated phase noise between the two paths can be largely suppressed. Promisingly, we can independently optimize the gains of the UTB-EDFAs for bidirectional transmissions, resulting in higher net gain acquired compared with the conventional single-path bidirectional EDFA (SPBA)-based ones. We demonstrate that the fractional frequency instability of the UTB-EDFA-based scheme can be decreased by 26.3% over the most asymmetrical 100 km two-way optical frequency comparison (TWC) system compared with the SPBA-based ones and, more importantly, can acquire higher net gain for unevenly distributed sub-links over ultra-long fiber links, such as 1000 km, by independently optimizing the gains. This technique paves the way for the applications of large-scale fiber networks.
OCTA-ReVA: Comprehensive open-source tool for retinal vessel analysis in OCTA
Authors: DADZIE ALBERT , Le David , Abtahi Mansour , Ebrahimi Behrouz , Adejumo Tobiloba , Son Taeyoon , Heiferman Michael , Lim Jennifer , Yao Xincheng
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) has significantly advanced the study and diagnosis of eye diseases by offering non-invasive, detailed 3D imagery of retinal blood vessels. Yet, the quantitative analysis capabilities of existing clinical OCTA systems remain limited. Despite extensive efforts in developing custom software for in-depth OCTA analysis by various research teams, the absence of widespread adaptability limits their clinical application. This paper introduces the OCTA Retinal Vessel Analyzer (OCTA-ReVA), a versatile open-source platform featuring a user-friendly graphical interface designed for the automated extraction and quantitative analysis of OCTA features. OCTA-ReVA demystifies the intricate task of retinal vasculature quantification, offering a robust tool for researchers and clinicians to objectively evaluate eye diseases.
YeeD is an essential partner for YeeE-mediated thiosulfate uptake in bacteria and regulates thiosulfate ion decomposition
Authors: Ikei Mai , Miyazaki Ryoji , Monden Keigo , Naito Yusuke , Takeuchi Azusa , Takahashi Yutaro S. , Tanaka Yoshiki , Murata Keina , Mori Takaharu , Ichikawa Muneyoshi , Tsukazaki Tomoya
Published: April 2024

Uptake of thiosulfate ions as an inorganic sulfur source from the environment is important for bacterial sulfur assimilation. Recently, a selective thiosulfate uptake pathway involving a membrane protein YeeE (TsuA) in Escherichia coli was characterized. YeeE-like proteins are conserved in some bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes. However, the precise function of YeeE, along with its potential partner protein in the thiosulfate ion uptake pathway, remained unclear. Here, we assessed selective thiosulfate transport via Spirochaeta thermophila YeeE in vitro and characterized E. coli YeeD (TsuB) as an adjacent and essential protein for YeeE-mediated thiosulfate uptake in vivo. We further showed that S. thermophila YeeD possesses thiosulfate decomposition activity and that a conserved cysteine in YeeD was modified to several forms in the presence of thiosulfate. Finally, the crystal structures of S. thermophila YeeE-YeeD fusion proteins at 3.34-Å and 2.60-Å resolutions revealed their interactions. The association was evaluated by a binding assay using purified S. thermophila YeeE and YeeD. Based on these results, a model of the sophisticated uptake of thiosulfate ions by YeeE and YeeD is proposed.
Better together against genetic heterogeneity: A sex-combined joint main and interaction analysis of 290 quantitative traits in the UK Biobank
Authors: Lin Boxi , Paterson Andrew D. , Sun Lei
Published: April 2024

Genetic effects can be sex-specific, particularly for traits such as testosterone, a sex hormone. While sex-stratified analysis provides easily interpretable sex-specific effect size estimates, the presence of sex-differences in SNP effect implies a SNP×sex interaction. This suggests the usage of the often overlooked joint test, testing for an SNP’s main and SNP×sex interaction effects simultaneously. Notably, even without individual-level data, the joint test statistic can be derived from sex-stratified summary statistics through an omnibus meta-analysis. Utilizing the available sex-stratified summary statistics of the UK Biobank, we performed such omnibus meta-analyses for 290 quantitative traits. Results revealed that this approach is robust to genetic effect heterogeneity and can outperform the traditional sex-stratified or sex-combined main effect-only tests. Therefore, we advocate using the omnibus meta-analysis that captures both the main and interaction effects. Subsequent sex-stratified analysis should be conducted for sex-specific effect size estimation and interpretation.
Safe sex negotiation and HIV risk reduction among women: A cross-sectional analysis of Burkina Faso 2021 Demographic and Health Survey
Authors: Saaka Sulemana Ansumah , Pienaah Cornelius K. A. , Stampp Zakara , Antabe Roger
Published: April 2024

Women are biologically more susceptible to the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and other sexually transmitted Infections (STIs) because receptive sex is riskier than insertive. Despite condom use being the staple preventive method for HIV infection (over 80% efficacy), in Sub-Saharan African countries like Burkina Faso, a high burden of HIV and the unmet need for condom use coexist. Moreover, even though women in SSA are disproportionately HIV positive, they are reportedly less capable of negotiating condom use for HIV risk reduction. Thus, using the Health Believe Model (HBM), this study explored the factors that influence condom use among women within the context of HIV prevention, with a key interest in condom use negotiation. Using the women’s dataset of the 2021 Burkina Faso Demographic and Health Survey and applying logistic regression models, this study examined the factors associated with condom use for HIV risk reduction. Women who had confidence to negotiate condom use with their partners (OR = 1.57, P<0.001, 95%CI: 1.29, 1.91), those with secondary education (OR = 1.38, P<0.05, 95%CI: 1.07 1.77), from richest households (OR = 1.64, P<0.05, 95%CI: 1.08, 2.47), the employed (OR = 1.23, P<0.05, 95%CI: 1.02, 1.49), women with knowledge of sexually transmitted infections (OR = 1.58, P<0.001, 95%CI: 1.26, 1.97), those who have ever been tested for HIV (OR = 1.85, P<0.001, 95%CI: 1.52 2.24), as well as those who knew that a healthy-looking person can have HIV (OR = 2.64, P<0.001, 95%CI: 2.15, 3.24) were all significantly more likely to practice condom use for HIV risk reduction. Also, religion and geographical location of participants significantly predicted condom use for HIV risk reduction in the study context. The ability to negotiate condom use, knowledge of HIV and STIs, the socioeconomic status of women, as well as their geographical location, influence their practice of safer sex for HIV risk reduction in Burkina Faso.
ChatGPT: Literate or intelligent about UN sustainable development goals?
Authors: Raman Raghu , Lathabai Hiran H. , Mandal Santanu , Das Payel , Kaur Tavleen , Nedungadi Prema
Published: April 2024

Generative AI tools, such as ChatGPT, are progressively transforming numerous sectors, demonstrating a capacity to impact human life dramatically. This research seeks to evaluate the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) literacy of ChatGPT, which is crucial for diverse stakeholders involved in SDG-related policies. Experimental outcomes from two widely used Sustainability Assessment tests–the UN SDG Fitness Test and Sustainability Literacy Test (SULITEST) ‐ suggest that ChatGPT exhibits high SDG literacy, yet its comprehensive SDG intelligence needs further exploration. The Fitness Test gauges eight vital competencies across introductory, intermediate, and advanced levels. Accurate mapping of these to the test questions is essential for partial evaluation of SDG intelligence. To assess SDG intelligence, the questions from both tests were mapped to 17 SDGs and eight cross-cutting SDG core competencies, but both test questionnaires were found to be insufficient. SULITEST could satisfactorily map only 5 out of 8 competencies, whereas the Fitness Test managed to map 6 out of 8. Regarding the coverage of the Fitness Test and SULITEST, their mapping to the 17 SDGs, both tests fell short. Most SDGs were underrepresented in both instruments, with certain SDGs not represented at all. Consequently, both tools proved ineffective in assessing SDG intelligence through SDG coverage. The study recommends future versions of ChatGPT to enhance competencies such as collaboration, critical thinking, systems thinking, and others to achieve the SDGs. It concludes that while AI models like ChatGPT hold considerable potential in sustainable development, their usage must be approached carefully, considering current limitations and ethical implications.
Discrimination of ivory from extant and extinct elephant species using Raman spectroscopy: A potential non-destructive technique for combating illegal wildlife trade
Authors: Shepherd Rebecca F. , Lister Adrian M. , Roberts Alice M. , Taylor Adam M. , Kerns Jemma G.
Published: April 2024

The use of elephant ivory as a commodity is a factor in declining elephant populations. Despite recent worldwide elephant ivory trade bans, mammoth ivory trade remains unregulated. This complicates law enforcement efforts, as distinguishing between ivory from extant and extinct species requires costly, destructive and time consuming methods. Elephant and mammoth ivory mainly consists of dentine, a mineralized connective tissue that contains an organic collagenous component and an inorganic component of calcium phosphate minerals, similar in structure to hydroxyapatite crystals. Raman spectroscopy is a non-invasive laser-based technique that has previously been used for the study of bone and mineral chemistry. Ivory and bone have similar biochemical properties, making Raman spectroscopy a promising method for species identification based on ivory. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that it is possible to identify differences in the chemistry of mammoth and elephant ivory using Raman spectroscopy. Mammoth and elephant tusks were obtained from the Natural History Museum in London, UK. Included in this study were eight samples of ivory fromMammuthus primigenius, two samples of carved ivory bangles from Africa (Loxodonta species), and one cross section of a tusk fromElephas maximus. The ivory was scanned using an inVia Raman micro spectrometer equipped with a x50 objective lens and a 785nm laser. Spectra were acquired using line maps and individual spectral points were acquired randomly or at points of interest on all samples. The data was then analysed using principal component analysis (PCA) with use of an in-house MATLAB script. Univariate analysis of peak intensity ratios of phosphate to amide I and III peaks, and carbonate to phosphate peaks showed statistical differences (p<0.0001) in the average peak intensity ratios betweenMammuthus primigenius,Loxodonta spp. andElephas maximus. Full width at half maximum hight (FWHM)analysis of the phosphate peak demonstrated higher crystal maturity ofMammuthus primigeniuscompared to living elephant species. The results of the study have established that spectra acquired by Raman spectroscopy can be separated into distinct classes through PCA. In conclusion, this study has shown that well-preserved mammoth and elephant ivory has the potential to be characterized using Raman spectroscopy, providing a promising method for species identification. The results of this study will be valuable in developing quick and non-destructive methods for the identification of ivory, which will have direct applications in archaeology and the regulation of international trade.
Smoking as a risk factor for lower extremity peripheral artery disease in women compared to men: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Ying , Pouncey Anna Louise , Zhou Zien , Woodward Mark , Harris Katie
Published: April 2024

Background

To investigate whether the relationship between smoking and peripheral artery disease (PAD) differs by sex (PROSPERO CRD42022352318).

Methods

PubMed, EMBASE, and CINAHL were searched (3 March 2024) for studies reporting associations between smoking and PAD in both sexes, at least adjusted for age. Data were pooled using random effects. Between-study heterogeneity was examined using I2 statistic and Cochran’s Q test. Newcastle-Ottowa Scale was adopted for quality assessment.

Results

Four cohort studies (n = 2,117,860, 54.4% women) and thirteen cross-sectional studies (n = 230,436, 59.9% women) were included. In cohort studies, former and current smokers had higher risk of PAD than never smokers. Compared to those who never or previously smoked, women current smokers (relative risk (RR) 5.30 (95% confidence interval 3.17, 8.87)) had higher excess risk of PAD than men (RR 3.30 (2.46, 4.42)), women-to-men ratio of RR 1.45 (1.30, 1.62)(I2 = 0%, p = 0.328). In cross-sectional studies, risk of PAD was higher among former and current compared to never smokers, more so in men, women-to-men ratios of odds ratio: 0.64 (0.46, 0.90)(I2 = 30%, p = 0.192), 0.63 (0.50, 0.79)(I2 = 0%, p = 0.594), respectively. For both sexes, risk of PAD was higher among current smokers compared to those who were not currently smoking. Cohort studies and five cross-sectional studies were of good quality, scoring 6 to 8 of a possible maximum 9 points. Eight cross-sectional studies scored 2 to 5.

Discussions

Further research is required to elucidate sex differences in the relationships between smoking and PAD, as the current evidence is limited and mixed. Tobacco-control programs should consider both sexes.
Analyzing green and sustainable land use in China’s coal cities: Insights from industrial transformation
Authors: Zhang Hongfeng , Zhao Yinuo , Yang Fangteng
Published: April 2024

Driven by the goal of achieving sustainable development and carbon neutrality. Addressing environmental pollution and remediating land damage have become critical challenges in resource-based cities and regions with low land use efficiency. As a response, this study focuses on the 23 provinces where China’s coal resource-based cities are situated. Utilizing data from 2014 to 2020, this research employs the SBM-Undesirable model, which considers undesirable outputs in efficiency calculations, and the Tobit regression test. It aims to explore the spatio-temporal variations in industrial transformation within resource-based cities and its impact on the efficiency of green space utilization. Furthermore, it analyzes the characteristics and the extent of the influence of factors such as industrial structure adjustments on urban land use efficiency, maximizing the output of land as a factor of production. The results show that: (1) Over the 7-year period studied, China consistently made nationwide adjustments to land area and land use structure to meet the needs of urban development (2) The regression test results show that the industrial transformation of resource-based cities can promote the improvement of green space utilization efficiency. The positive influence coefficient is 0.064 and is significant at a 1% level. (3) Environmental regulation, government expenditure, international trade, and green cover play a positive role in promoting green land use. The study provides valuable insights for policymakers and urban planners seeking to foster sustainable development in resource-based cities.
Long-term hematopoietic stem cells trigger quiescence in Leishmania parasites
Authors: Dirkx Laura , Van Acker Sara I. , Nicolaes Yasmine , Cunha João Luís Reis , Ahmad Rokaya , Hendrickx Rik , Caljon Ben , Imamura Hideo , Ebo Didier G. , Jeffares Daniel C. , Sterckx Yann G.-J. , Maes Louis , Hendrickx Sarah , Caljon Guy
Published: April 2024

Addressing the challenges of quiescence and post-treatment relapse is of utmost importance in the microbiology field. This study shows that Leishmania infantum and L. donovani parasites rapidly enter into quiescence after an estimated 2–3 divisions in both human and mouse bone marrow stem cells. Interestingly, this behavior is not observed in macrophages, which are the primary host cells of the Leishmania parasite. Transcriptional comparison of the quiescent and non-quiescent metabolic states confirmed the overall decrease of gene expression as a hallmark of quiescence. Quiescent amastigotes display a reduced size and signs of a rapid evolutionary adaptation response with genetic alterations. Our study provides further evidence that this quiescent state significantly enhances resistance to treatment. Moreover, transitioning through quiescence is highly compatible with sand fly transmission and increases the potential of parasites to infect cells. Collectively, this work identified stem cells in the bone marrow as a niche where Leishmania quiescence occurs, with important implications for antiparasitic treatment and acquisition of virulence traits.
Pénzügyi személyiségteszt
Authors: Kálmán Botond Géza , Németh Erzsébet
Published: April 2024

A pénzügyi magatartás előrejelzése szempontjából különös jelentősége van a pénzügyi személyiség és attitűdök megismerésének. Kutatásunk egy 2015-ben induló Pénzügyi Személyiség Teszt eredményei alapján három korcsoportban vizsgálja a magyar lakosság pénzügyi személyiségstruktúráját. A tesztet több mint ötvenezren töltötték ki. A 36 kérdésből álló online kérdőív anonim és önkéntes volt, a kitöltők rövid visszajelzést és tanácsadást is kaptak. Az eredmények alapján az egyes korosztályok pénzügyi személyisége több dimenzióból épül fel. Bár az összesített eredmények kedvezőek, mindhárom korosztály számára a legnehezebbnek a mértéktartás, a fogyasztói csábításoknak való ellenállás bizonyult: a legfiatalabbak 38%, a középiskolások 19%, a felnőttek 32%-a tartozik ebbe a csoportba. Az általános iskolások a pénz tudatos használatát illetően elmaradnak a felnőttektől és a középiskolásoktól, a középiskolások egyes kérdéseknél még a felnőtteknél is tudatosabbak és önállóbbak, a felnőttek általában pontosan tudják, mennyi pénzük van, és ha kevés, takarékoskodnak. Ezen csoportok megismerése jelentős segítséget jelent a pénzügyi oktatás személyre szabhatóvá tételében és korszerűsítésben.
Exposição Visual
Authors: Malaquias Flaviane
Published: April 2024

O presente artigo apresenta a Exposição de arte “Direitos Humanos: uma questão do mundo, uma questão do Brasil” como o registro do processo de criação de crianças de sete países, na realização de um intercâmbio de desenhos sobre direitos humanos, como prática docente em arte, de forma a observar como é possível adquirir competências interculturais utilizando a Proposta de Milton Bennett como método para o Ensino de Arte.
ensino e a aprendizagem em contexto de pandemia
Authors: Rodrigues Cláudia
Published: April 2024

Embora os estudos referentes ao Letramento Digital atualmente se encontrem em estágio avançado de resultados de pesquisas, assim como o uso das Tecnologias Digitais da Informação e Comunicação (TDIC) têm revolucionado o mundo, criando novas formas de interação entre pessoas, organizações e negócios, no campo educacional ainda se situa o debate sobre as TDICs como um instrumento de inclusão social capaz de proporcionar novas formas de aprendizagem. Isso posto, a proposta deste trabalho é contribuir com reflexões sobre o ensino e a aprendizagem escolar em contexto de pandemia, levando em conta as condições de produção do ensino remoto no ano de 2020. O texto traz alguns questionamentos ressurtidos no campo da Educação sobre o ensinar e o aprender quando as escolas se encontram fechadas e compulsoriamente professores têm como recurso o ensino remoto. Em função disso, questiona-se: as escolas estavam preparadas para a virtualidade? Como os professores têm lidado com as estratégias desafiadoras do ensino remoto? Quais serão os novos desafios que a escola irá passar considerando que a Educação nunca mais será a mesma após o período pandêmico?
Impacto da Covid-19 em alunos de Pós-graduação
Authors: Assunção Luiz Alan Vinicius , Condilo Pitta Natássia , Saloum Cíntra Álefe , Curylofo Corsi Carlos Alexandre , Francisco Luz Nunes Queiroz Artur Acelino , Morais Fernandes Ana Paula
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: analisar postagens veiculadas em um grupo do Facebook destinado a debates sobre a Educação no Ensino Superior, tendo como questão norteadora do estudo: “Em face do cenário atual, protagonizado pela Covid-19, quais os enfrentamentos dos alunos de pós-graduação e suas implicações na educação?”. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional, prospectivo de observação sistemática não-participativa em um grupo do Facebook. Os dados foram analisados com o software IRaMuTeQ e analisados pela classificação hierárquica descendente. Resultados: foram agrupadas cinco classes: Adaptações emergenciais na metodologia de ensino na Pós-Graduação; Vivências burocráticas dos pós-graduandos em face à pandemia; Dificuldades práticas e tecnológicas no produtivismo acadêmico; Aspectos psicológicos no produtivismo acadêmico; Macropolíticas sobre a pandemia e seus reflexos na Pós-Graduação. Conclusão: Os alunos de Pós-Graduação estão insatisfeitos com as medidas emergenciais adotadas pelas instituições, expondo análises sobre a postura do governo, universidade, docentes e orientadores. A Covid-19 e suas repercussões trouxeram grandes desafios para as sustentabilidades acadêmicas e pedagógicas nos programas de Pós-Graduação.
Mesmo na pandemia, o cuidado não pode parar
Authors: Tonatto Regiane , Moraes Denise Rosana da Silva
Published: April 2024

Este estudo tem como objetivo refletir sobre as experiências com mídia e educação nas ações de enfrentamento à violência de gênero, antes e durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Para isto, o artigo se vale de revisão bibliográfica de práticas educacionais de prevenção, denúncia e combate à violência contra meninas e mulheres, e possíveis comparações entre os dois períodos. A análise aponta para o desafio da educação em elaborar práticas que corroboram para o enfrentamento do problema da violência de gênero, com a devida atenção à inclusão de grupos em situações de desigualdades sociais diversas, amplificadas pela crise pandêmica.
docência colaborativa no PIBID e sua ressignificação para a formação de professores
Authors: Rottava Lucia , Da Costa Naujorks Jane
Published: April 2024

Este estudo objetiva apresentar uma reflexão relacionada à prática docente colaborativa vivenciada no PIBID e seu impacto na formação docente em Letras. Parte-se do pressuposto de que a colaboração na formação docente é caracterizada por papéis e responsabilidades equânimes entre os participantes envolvidos em tarefas comuns, incluindo aluno em formação, escola e universidade. A base teórica adotada é orientada pelo conceito de colaboração (CLARK, et al 1993) e de andaimento (VYGOSTKY, 1988; ZEICKNER; DINIZ-PEREIRA, 2005). De natureza exploratória e interpretativa, o corpus provém de relatório anual de atividades desenvolvidas por alunos em formação no período de 2014 a 2017. Os resultados indicam que a visão de ensino exercida pelos bolsistas do PIBID transforma-se e transforma a prática docente de licenciandos e professores de escola pública.
Proposta de um role-playing game (RPG) como recurso didático para trabalhar espécies exóticas e invasoras
Authors: Silva Luan Kelwyny Thaywã Marques da , Silva Luiz Augustinho Menezes da
Published: April 2024

No contexto educacional a temática relacionada às espécies exóticas e invasoras é de grande importância, porém representa um déficit no processo de ensino-aprendizagem, uma vez que poucos saberes sobre elas são de fato trabalhados. Já é de conhecimento que metodologias alternativas às aulas exposititvas impactam positivamente a prática pedagógica, permitindo trabalhar conteúdos mais densos de maneira mais leve. Partindo desse pressuposto, o presente trabalho objetivou propor um RPG como recurso didático abordando as espécies exóticas e invasoras. A partir de uma busca em livros didáticos e dados da Plataforma Hórus, foi realizada a síntese de conteúdos para serem abordados no jogo. Para o jogo, foi criada uma versão seguindo o tradicional RPG de mesa e uma versão online, que pode ser acessada por um site dedicado ao jogo. O modelo de mesa visa seguir o padrão estabelecido ao longo dos anos relacionados a RPG’s no qual é possível jogar utilizando de poucos recursos; já o modelo online, objetiva maior facilidade e possibilidade de jogar em qualquer lugar, além de funcionar como proposta educacional para alunos cada vez mais mergulhados em recursos digitais. Com isso, relacionando os conteúdos abordados ao longo do jogo, algumas lacunas do conhecimento sobre essas espécies, bem como a importância do manejo adequado, monitoramento e a distribuição delas ao longo do país podem ser melhor compreendidos.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE LEVEL OF LOAD ON THE COEFFICIENT OF THE CREEP OF CONCRETE
Authors: Istomin A. , Veretennikоva A.
Published: April 2024

Reinforced concrete structures subjected to long-term load subsequently deform over time. This is due to the creep of concrete. Nonlinear creep appears at stresses (45...50)% of the prismatic strength of concrete under long-term loading. This leads to the fact that when calculating reinforced concrete structures, it is necessary to take into account the effect of the stress level in the compressed concrete on the creep coefficient, which is used to determine the concrete deformation modulus under conditions of long-term loading. The aim of this paper was an experimental study of the effect of the loading level on the creep coefficient of water-saturated concrete. In this regard, the experimental studies of the creep of heavy modified concrete were carried out. Concrete prisms 101040 cm in size were taken as prototypes. The loading level of concrete prisms varied from 0.35 to 0.9 in the experiments. The results of the research proved that at loading levels of 0.8 ... 0.9, the creep coefficient practically does not change. Based on experimental data and the analysis of data from various authors, domestic and European standards, the paper proposed the dependencies that reflect the influence of the loading level, concrete compressive strength class and relative humidity of the environment on the limiting value of the creep coefficient of compressed concrete.
Existence of solutions for (p(y),q(y))-Laplacian elliptic problem on an exterior domain
Authors: Kesarwani Akanksha , Kar Rasmita
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we study the following elliptic problem involving the (

p
⁢

(
y
)

,

q
⁢

(
y
)

{p(y),q(y)}

)-Laplacian operator:

{

-

div
⁡

(

a
⁢

(
y
)

⁢

|

∇
⁡
v

|

p
⁢

(
y
)

-
2

⁢

∇
⁡
v

)

+

b
⁢

(
y
)

⁢

|
v
|

p
⁢

(
y
)

-
2

⁢
v

-

div
⁡

(

|

∇
⁡
v

|

q
⁢

(
y
)

-
2

⁢

∇
⁡
v

)

=

g
⁢

(
y
,
v
)

,

y
∈
Ω

,

v

=
0

on 
⁢

∂
⁡
Ω

,

\left\{\begin{aligned} \displaystyle{}{-}\operatorname{div}(a(y)|\nabla v|^{p(%
y)-2}\nabla v)+b(y)|v|^{p(y)-2}v-\operatorname{div}(|\nabla v|^{q(y)-2}\nabla v%
)&\displaystyle=g(y,v),&&\displaystyle y\in\Omega,\\
\displaystyle v&\displaystyle=0&&\displaystyle\phantom{}\text{on }\partial%
\Omega,\end{aligned}\right.

with Dirichlet boundary condition in an exterior domain Ω

(

⊂

ℝ
n

)

{(\subset\mathbb{R}^{n})}

with smooth boundary, where

1
<

q
⁢

(
y
)

<

p
⁢

(
y
)

<
n

1<q(y)<p(y)<n

. We prove the existence of solutions in

W
0

1
,

p
⁢

(
y
)

⁢

(
Ω
)

{W^{1,p(y)}_{0}(\Omega)}

for the superlinear case by using the Mountain Pass Theorem.
A novel investigation of co-processing porous geopolymer using glass fibres recycled from waste turbine blades
Authors: Wang Kaibao , Yang Liu
Published: April 2024

This work investigates the possibility of using recycled glass fibre (rGF) to co-process porous geopolymer. A new procedure was developed to incorporate rGF into geopolymer preparation and the content of rGF in porous geopolymer was varied to investigate its effect on thermal and mechanical properties. The rGF was co-processed through mixing with a combination of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) solution to supplement raw materials required to make geopolymer but also provide fibres as potential structure reinforcement. Due to the enriched silica content obtained from rGF and leftover fibres, a nearly 80 % strength increase (from 0.092 MPa to 0.165 MPa) was obtained without compromising its low thermal conductivity. This opens up a potential route to re-using rGF in the development of improved porous geopolymer for thermal insulation applications.
A double-pass optical beam deflection instrument for the measurement of diffusion, thermodiffusion and Soret coefficients in liquid mixtures and its application to polymer analysis
Authors: Reh Roman , Hager Mareike , Köhler Werner
Published: April 2024

We have developed a new double-pass optical beam deflection instrument for the measurement of diffusion, thermodiffusion and Soret coefficients in liquid mixtures. The increased sensitivity of the instrument results from a second passage of the readout laser beam through the Soret cell containing the sample. An elegant description of the total beam deflection is achieved by means of a transfer matrix formalism. The higher sensitivity allows for a reduction of the length of the detection arm and a compact and stiff design of the instrument. The performance of the new apparatus is demonstrated by its application to polymer analysis for the determination of the molar mass distribution of the polymer from the distribution of diffusion rates by means of the CONTIN algorithm.
Critical assessment of the thermal stability and degradation of chemically functionalized nanocellulose-based polymer nanocomposites
Authors: Manimaran Mageswari , Norizan Mohd Nurazzi , Kassim Mohamad Haafiz Mohamad , Adam Mohd Ridhwan , Norrrahim Mohd Nor Faiz , Knight Victor Feizal
Published: April 2024

In the last century, global awareness of the environmental repercussions associated with petroleum-based polymer composites has surged. This realization urged extensive scientific research directed towards plant-based biomass, particularly nanocellulose, as a reinforcing element in polymer matrices. Global market value of nanocellulose is expected to increase considerably by 2025, to a forecast USD 783 million. Despite nanocellulose’s performance benefits, its poor compatibility with hydrophobic polymer matrices poses challenges, limiting thermal stability and impeding widespread commercialization at higher processing temperatures. To overcome these issues, chemical modification or functionalization emerges as a promising solution to enhance nanocellulose-based polymer nanocomposites’ thermal stability. The abundance of hydroxyl groups on nanocellulose enables specific chemical modifications, such as grafting functional molecules or forming covalent/ionic bonds with the polymer matrix. The aim of this study is to validate that integrating chemically functionalized nanocellulose into various polymer matrices, including thermoset, thermoplastic, and bio-polymer, enhances the thermal stability of resulting polymer nanocomposites, supported by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The study also explores six additional factors influencing TGA in nanocomposites, providing a comprehensive understanding of elements impacting the thermal properties of these materials.
Emergency Department–Based Physical Function Measures for Falls in Older Adults and Outcomes: A Secondary Analysis of GAPcare
Authors: Strauss Daniel H. , Davoodi Natalie M. , Resnik Linda J. , Keene Sarah , Serina Peter T. , Goldberg Elizabeth M.
Published: April 2024

Background and Purpose:

Falls are the leading reason for injury-related emergency department (ED) visits for older adults. The Geriatric Acute and Post-acute Fall Prevention Intervention (GAPcare), an in-ED intervention combining a medication therapy management session delivered by a pharmacist and a fall risk assessment and plan by a physical therapist, reduced ED revisits at 6 months among older adults presenting after a fall. Our objective was to evaluate the relationship between measures of function obtained in the ED and clinical outcomes.

Methods:

This was a secondary analysis of data from GAPcare, a randomized controlled trial conducted from January 2018 to October 2019 at 2 urban academic EDs. Standardized measures of function (Timed Up and Go [TUG] test, Barthel Activity of Daily Living [ADL], Activity Measure for Post Acute Care [AM-PAC] 6 clicks) were collected at the ED index visit. We performed a descriptive analysis and hypothesis testing (chi square test and analysis of variance) to assess the relationship of functional measures with outcomes (ED disposition, ED revisits for falls, and place of residence at 6 months). Emergency department disposition status refers to discharge location immediately after the ED evaluation is complete (eg, hospital admission, original residence, skilled nursing facility).

Results and Discussion:

Among 110 participants, 55 were randomized to the GAPcare intervention and 55 received usual care. Of those randomized to the intervention, 46 received physical therapy consultation. Median age was 81 years; participants were predominantly women (67%) and White (94%). Seventy-three (66%) were discharged to their original residence, 14 (13%) were discharged to a skilled nursing facility and 22 (20%) were admitted. There was no difference in ED disposition status by index visit Barthel ADLs (P = .371); however, TUG times were faster (P = .016), and AM-PAC 6 clicks score was higher among participants discharged to their original residence (P ≤ .001). Participants with slower TUG times at the index ED visit were more likely to reside in nursing homes by six months (P = .002), while Barthel ADL and AM-PAC 6 clicks did not differ between those residing at home and other settings.

Conclusions:

Measures of function collected at the index ED visit, such as the AM-PAC 6 clicks and TUG time, may be helpful at predicting clinical outcomes for older adults presenting for a fall. Based on our study findings, we suggest a novel workflow to guide the use of these clinical measures for ED patients with falls.