bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Update on Early Detection and Management of Diabetes: Comparison of Fasting Serum Glucagon among Diabetics and Non-Diabetics
Authors: Sikandar Mirza Zeeshan , Shafiq Fuad , Ahmad Naveed Shahzad , Rafaqat Suman , Ali Waqar , Usman Sulehri Faheem
Published: November 2023

Background: Diabetes is a well- known disease that is spreading globally and causing many other complications like nephropathy, eye disorders, foot disease and other heart related diseases. It also has a high mortality rate. Glucagon is the principal hyperglycemic hormone, and acts as a counterbalancing hormone to insulin. Its level increases in early stages of diabetes, however with the progression of disease it gradually decreases in diabetic patients. Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the glucagon levels in diabetics and non-diabetics. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study in which the data and blood samples of diabetics and non-diabetics with or without family history of diabetes were collected during December 2022 to May 2023. Then by SDS Page analysis glucagon levels were estimated in the blood samples of participants and results were analyzed by SPSS statistical version 25.0. Results: In Group A, 25 (83.33%) had high levels of fasting serum glucagon while in group B only 18 (60%) had raised serum glucagon levels with the p value of 0.001. High glucagon level was observed in non-diabetics with family history of diabetes, as maximum number of participants 60% (n=18) with high level glucagon fall in this group. The p value is 0.001 shows the association between glucagon and family history of nondiabetic is significant. Conclusion: Fasting serum glucagon could be an early sign of insulin resistance in non-diabetics and diabetics. Therefore, in clinical management of glucagon level must be accounted and managed accordingly.
Peningkatan Financial Literacy dan Implementasi Sistem Ekonomi Syariah bagi Guru Ekonomi dan Pegawai Lembaga Keuangan Syariah (BMT) di Sokaraja Banyumas
Authors: Nurlaeli Ida , Sarpini Sarpini
Published: November 2023

Isu literasi keuangan (financial literacy) juga cukup hangat diperbincangkan di Banyumas, di dorong adanya kekhawatiran akibat pertumbuhan penduduk serta perkembangan pesat pasar keuangan. Pemahaman akan financial literacy semakin diperlukan demi terciptanya penduduk yang berkualitas dan memiliki kecerdasan finansial yang baik, masyarakat tidak hanya dituntut menguasai materi namun juga harus menguasai praktek demi mengikuti perkembangan pasar keuangan. Secara umum kegiatan meliputi tahap Observasi, Persiapan, Pemaparan konsep, Pendampingan dan evaluasi. Dengan bermunculannya Lembaga Keuangan Syariah (LKS) yang ada di Indonesia cukup menegaskan jika bank dengan sistem operasional syariah memiliki prospek dan peluang yang cukup besar di masa depan untuk menjadi pilihan utama bagi masyarakat Indonesia dan menggantikan sistem ekonomi konvensional yang sebelumnya diterapkan di Indonesia. Dalam konsep ekonomi Islam, pendapatan keuntungan melalui praktik riba ditiadakan, dan sebagai gantinya, bank akan mengambil keuntungan menggunakan sistem bagi hasil (profit loss sharing). Kelebihan kedua yang dimiliki oleh bank syariah adalah lebih menitikberatkan pada investasi di sektor riil. Bagi Indonesia, pasar riil jauh lebih penting karena menyangkut denyut ekonomi sebagian besar masyarakat. Literasi keuangan sangatlah penting dimiliki setiap orang karena akan mempengaruhi perilaku keuangan dari individu tersebut
Penyuluhan Hukum dalam Rehabilitasi Sosial Lapas Narkotika Kelas II A Kabupaten Pamekasan
Authors: Ismail Mahsun , Mohammad Mohammad , Hidayat Nur , Subroto Gatot
Published: November 2023

Ketergantungan (dependensi) merupakan satu dari beberapa akibat yang ditimbulkan oleh penyalahgunaan narkotika. Akibat ketergantungan itu membuat orang yang menyalahgunakan narkotika akan sulit untuk terlepas atau berhenti tidak menggunakan narkotika. Sejalan dengan upaya membantu penyalahguna narkotika maka Lapas narkotika klas IIA Pamekasan melakukan rehabilitasi sosial terhadap warga binaan pemasyarakatan dalam kegiatan penyuluhan hukum dalam rehabilitsi sosial. Adapun tujuan dari dilakukannya penyuluhan hukum ini, diharapkan warga binaan pemasyarakatan bisa pulih secara mental dan psikisnya dengan memunyai kesadaran membina kapabilitas sosial dan tanggung jawab sosial mereka baik dalam keluarga, masyarakat, maupun lingkungannya. Kegiatan ini difasilitasi oleh lapas narkotika klas IIA Pamekasan yang bekerja sama dengan Fakultas Hukum Universitas Madura. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif yaitu menggambarkan atau melukiskan keadaan subjek dan objek, baik lembaga, masyarakat, dan lain sebagainya, serta didasarkan atas hasil observasi yang dilaksanakan serta memberikan argumentasi terhadap apa yang ditemukan dan dihubungkan dengan konsep teori yang relevan. Hasil dari penyuluhan hukum ini diketahui bahwa: Pertama, rehabilitasi sosial merupakan program pemerintah untuk refungsionalisasi serta pengembangan untuk memungkinkan seseorang mampu melaksanakan fungsi sosialnya secara wajar dalam kehidupan masyarakat yang termaktub dalam instrumen hukum Undang Undang Nomor 11 tahun 2009, UU No. 35 Tahun 2009 dan SEMA Nomor 04 Tahun 2010. Kedua, rehabilitasi sosial berbasis sosial order dilakukan dengan memperdalam pengetahuan dan kepatuhan warga binaan pemasyarakatan terhadap norma sosial yang ada di masyarakat ketika nantinya mereka keluar dai lembaga pemasyarakatan
Pelatihan Membaca Al Qur’an dengan Metode Tsaqifa pada Pimpinan Cabang Muhammadiyah Sumbang Kabupaten Banyumas
Authors: Makhful Makhful , Wage Wage
Published: November 2023

Kegiatan ini merupakan pelatihan membaca Al Qur’an dengan menggunakan metode Tsaqifa pada Pimpinan Cabang Muhammadiyah Sumbang Kabupaten Banyumas bertujuan memberikan dorongan atau motivasi dan kesadaran untuk lebih giat lagi mempelajari dan mengajarkan Al Qur’an sebagai sumber hukum Islam. Para peserta memiliki motivasi dan tertarik untuk mengajarkan Al Qur’an dengan menggunakan metode Tsaqifa mengingat metode ini bisa menjadi sebuah metode alternatif pembelajaran membaca Al Qur’an yang dirancang khusus untuk orang dewasa yang belum mampu membaca Al Qur’an, cukup dengan 5 kali pertemuan bisa membaca Al Qur’an dengan tingkat dasar, meskipun sebelumnya tidak mengenal huruf hijaiyah. Metode ini meliputi karakteristik yang berbeda dengan metode lainnya yaitu sistematis, fleksibel, praktis, fariatif dan dan CBSA. Tahapan dalam metode Tsaqifa meliputi motivasi dan tes kemampuan. Harapan tim pelaksana dan mitra terhadap kegiatan pelatihan membaca Al Qur’an dengan metode Tsaqifa pada Pimpinan Cabang Muhammadiyah Sumbang Kabupaten Banyumas dapat mendorong aktivisme terus membesar dalam praktiknya. Selain itu, pengelolaan taman pendidikan al Qur’an secara terlembaga terus senantiasa diupayakan agar pembelajaran Al Qur’an bisa menggunnakan metode Tsaqifa sebagai alternatif dari metode iqra’ atau metode -metode lain yang telah ada.
Upaya Mengembangkan UMKM Dengan Pendampingan Pembuatan Nomor Induk Berusaha (NIB) di Desa Mangar
Authors: Ismail Mahsun , Hidayat Nur , Sulastri Sri , Subroto Gatot , Heryanti Febrina , Taufik Achmad
Published: November 2023

Upaya pemerintah dalam rangka memajukan dan melindungi pelaku UMKM yakni setiap pelaku UMKM harus mempunyai Nomor Induk Berusaha (NIB) sebagai legalitas dari usaha yang dilakukan. Akan tetapi persoalan yang dihadapi masyarakat khususnya pelaku UMKM yang ada di Desa Bandaran tidak sedikit yang masih belum mengetahui cara untuk mendapatkan NIB tersebut. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini terhadap pelaku UMKM untuk mengedukasi dan mendaftarkan usaha yang dilakukan oleh pelaku UMKm yang ada di Desa Mangar untuk mendapatkan NIB. Metode yang digunakan adalah observasi dan sosialisasi terhdapa pelaku UMKM di Desa Mangar serta pelaksnaan pembuatan NIB oleh peserta KKN kelompok 15. Hasil pengabdian kepada pelaku UMKM yang ada di Desa Mangar yang dilakukan oleh peserta KKN kelompok 15 adalah membantu mendaftarkan produk UMKM sehingga mendapatkan NIB yang langusng diberikan kepada pemilik UMKM.
Pelatihan Muballigh Dakwah di Pimpinan Cabang Muhammadiyah Sokaraja
Authors: Firdaus Firdaus
Published: November 2023

Masa depan Muhammadiyah sebagai gerakan Islam, gerakan dakwah dan tajdid tidak lepas dari upaya mewariskan keyakinan dan cita-cita hidup kepada kader-kader muda. Akan tetapi era disrupsi saat ini justru terasa minimnya kader-kader mubaligh yang mumpuni dalam menjalankan dakwah amar makruf dan nahi munkar di beberapa daerah, tak terkecuali di PCM Sokaraja. Padahal kuantitas dan kualitas muballigh dakwah merupakan salah satu komponen penting dalam menyebarkan dakwah Islam yang bersumber kepada Al Qur’an dan As-sunnah. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk menyiapkan kader-kader dakwah melalui pelatihan muballigh dakwah di Pimpinan Cabang Muhammadiyah Sokaraja.  Beberapa model pendekatan dalam pelatihan dan menyiapkan kader muballigh, diantaranya  melalui model pendidikan dan pengetahuan, model pendampingan, dan model praktik dan presentasi dakwah guna mengetahui kemampuan peserta dalam berdakwah. Kegiatan pelatihan muballigh ini mempunyai peranan penting dalam menyiapkan kader-kader dakwah sampai terbentuk korps muballigh dakwah agar bisa saling bertukar informasi, melatih militansi, sosialisasi dan konsolidasi organisasi, serta meningkatkan kompetensi dakwah.
Peningkatan Literasi Digital Melalui Idebergerak.com sebagai Gerakan Filantropi Berbasis Komunitas
Authors: Makhrus M , Yasifah N. Al Ngizati Ngama , Istianah Istianah
Published: November 2023

Artikel ini mendiskusikan mengenai peningkatan literasi digital melalui platform idebergerak.com sebagai media gerakan filantropi berbasis komunitas yang dilakukan dalam bentuk pelatihan. Urgensi pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mendorong dua aspek yaitu pentingnya peningkatan literasi digital dan filantropi sebagai sebuah bentuk gerakan. Mitra dalam kegiatan ini adalah platform media daring yakni idebergerak.com dengan bentuk pelatihan media digital. Hasil pengabdian ini menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan literasi digital harus dilakukan dengan memperbanyak sumber bacaan yang sesuai dengan gaya generasi digital, sehingga dalam kegiatan ini para peserta pelatihan diberikan materi mengenal platform digital, menulis berita, menyunting naskah, dan mendesain bentuk publikasi dalam media sosial. Berkaitan dengan filantropi yang dilaksanakan dalam kegiatan ini para kontributor dalam platform idebergerak.com mendonasikan naskah tulisannya secara gratis untuk diterbitkan, sehingga memberikan informasi dan inspirasi kepada semua orang.
Upaya Peningkatan Kesadaran Hukum Melalui Pendaftaran Merek Bagi Pelaku Usaha Kecil Menengah Berbasis Mahasiswa
Authors: Makbul Mohammad , Fathaniyah Lidia
Published: November 2023

This article addresses the crucial issue of legal protection for products and services by business entities, known as intellectual property. In the effort to value and safeguard intellectual creations, the concept of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) emerged with the aim of providing recognition, appreciation, and protection to these creations, also contributing to economic growth. The Directorate General of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) is responsible for managing the administration of copyrights, trademarks, patents, and others. Trademark registration also serves as a symbol of business legitimacy, reducing risks and enhancing consumer trust in products. The article highlights the urgency of intellectual property registration, particularly in sectors requiring legal protection. In light of this, community engagement is conducted to impart understanding to small and medium-sized business operators among students and provide training on business trademark registration. The method employed in this community engagement involves participatory dialogue-based socialization and trademark registration training. The outcomes of this community engagement reveal that many students engaged in small and medium-sized businesses lack business legitimacy. Hence, there is a need for trademark registration training to be conducted.
Pelatihan Kewirausahaan untuk Peningkatan Pendapatan Kelompok Perempuan Usaha Mikro di Desa Larangan Luar Kabupaten Pamekasan
Authors: Taufiq Ach , Anam Syaiful , Hasbullah Hasbullah , Efendi Junaidi , Amar Siti Salama
Published: November 2023

Studi ini mengkaji pelaksanaan program pelatihan kewirausahaan dengan tujuan meningkatkan pendapatan kelompok usaha mikro perempuan di Desa Larangan Luar, Kabupaten Pamekasan.   Masyarakat memiliki potensi ekonomi dan sumber daya alam yang melimpah, namun mengalami kesulitan untuk memaksimalkan kapasitas ekonomi lokal mereka.   Kurikulum pelatihan disesuaikan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dan kondisi spesifik daerah setempat, dengan penekanan utama pada peningkatan otonomi dan kemandirian ekonomi.   Hasil dari program ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pendapatan, peningkatan ketajaman keuangan, dan peningkatan kemampuan manajerial di antara para peserta.   Program ini tidak hanya memberikan manfaat bagi individu, tetapi juga memberikan dampak yang baik bagi perkembangan ekonomi dusun dan wilayah sekitarnya.   Tindakan yang disarankan meliputi pembuatan modul-modul berikutnya, kerja sama dengan lembaga keuangan regional, pembentukan jaringan bisnis, dan evaluasi menyeluruh terhadap dampak jangka panjang.
KEKERASAN DALAM RUMAH TANGGA SEBAGAI DAMPAK PERILAKU HEGEMONI PATRIARKIS DALAM KELUARGA
Authors: Suharti Suharti
Published: November 2023

Kekerasan dalam rumah tangga (KDRT) adalah hal yang terjadi dalam kehidupan rumah tangga, entah berada dalam keadaan sudah kawin maupun hanya sebatas kumpul kebo. KDRT umumnya dilakukan di antara orang yang sudah memiliki hubungan kekeluargaan dan umumnya terjadi pada suami-istri. Kekerasan ini juga dapat menimpa anak, orang tua, atau lanjut usia, dapat berupa kekerasan fisik maupun verbal. Metode yang digunakan dalan tulisan ini adalah jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan sumber data primernya adalah wawancara langsung dengan pihak yang menjadi korban kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, dan untuk menganalisis permasalahan tersebut penulis menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Dalam tulisan ini diungkapkan bahwa kekerasan yang mengakibatkan terjadinya kerusakan fisik adalah kekerasan yang bertentangan dengan hukum. Kekerasan yang dialami oleh perempuan yang sudah menikah terjadi karena adanya keegoisan laki-laki yang terbentuk karena perilaku hegemoni patriarkhis yang mana sebuah sistem sosial yang menempatkan laki-laki sebagai pemegang kekuasaan utama dan mendominasi dalam peran kepemimpinan politik, otoritas moral, hak sosial dan penguasaan. Dalam domain keluarga, sosok yang disebut ayah memiliki otoritas terhadap wanita, anak-anak dan harta benda.
Preparation of pedagogical university students for professional activity in additional education.
Authors: Pasholikov Mikhail Sergeevich
Published: November 2023

Additional education has long been an integral part of the educational environment. Painting, sports, robotics and other areas make a significant contribution to the development of personality, while teachers play a key role in this process. Education and teaching go hand in hand, which makes it important to invest in the training and professional development of teachers. Today, teachers need various knowledge, skills and abilities to create lesson plans, organize training, work with the administration and interact with parents. Based on the analysis of modern literature and practical experience of the functioning of institutions of children's additional education, the author defines a set of competencies that allow teachers to make a significant contribution to the success of students, and therefore can be taken into account when designing the main professional educational programs of higher education as the results of their development. The article substantiates the relevance of the problem of updating the content of teacher training in the context of the interaction of higher pedagogical and children's additional education. The concept of training pedagogical personnel for the education system for the period up to 2030, methodological recommendations for the training of pedagogical personnel for bachelor's degree programs based on unified approaches to their structure and content ("Core of higher pedagogical education"), professional standard "Teacher of additional education for children and adults" are analyzed. The scientific novelty of the study consists in the fact that on the basis of concretization of scientific ideas about the content of professional training of students of pedagogical vocation, a set of requirements for its results is proposed, clarified taking into account the qualification characteristics of the positions of employees of the system of additional education. The article offers recommendations that allow future teachers to prepare for a career in additional education. The practical significance of the research lies in the possibility of using its results in updating the content of the training of students of pedagogical specialties, compiling textbooks and workshops on the pedagogy of additional education.
Two editions of "Aesop" in Bolshoi Drama Theatre: a speech style change
Authors: Bliudov Daniil Vladimirovich
Published: November 2023

The object of this study is the speech style of artists of the Bolshoi Drama Theater in the 1950s and 1960s. The subject of the study is the evolution of the speech style from the first to the second edition of G. Tovstonogov's performance "The Fox and the Grapes" ("Aesop"). The author of the article studies in detail two versions of the famous performance, analyzes the acting speech of N. Korn, V. Polizeimako, O. Basilashvili and S. Yursky from aesthetic and technological positions. The author pays special attention to the fundamental changes in the intonation-melodical architectonics of sounding speech in less than one decade. A change in speech style in the Bolshoi Drama Theater is included by the author in the wider context of changes in the art of the "thaw" era. The methodology of this study includes measurement (auditory analysis of the pace of speech, auditory analysis of diction and orthoepia, instrumental analysis of the intonation-melodic score), comparative analysis, induction, historical method. The novelty of the present study lies in the combined use of auditory and instrumental analysis tools for acting speech. The author clearly proves the subjectively obvious difference between the sound of speech in the first and second editions of the performance "The Fox and The Grapes" by conducting a detailed comparative analysis of acting speech in all main parameters: tempo, diction, orthoepia, melodics. From the study of a specific performance and specific acting works, the author goes to generalization, concluding about the powerful influence of screen (cinematic) speech on theatrical speech in the 1950s and 1960s, about the formation of a new standard of audience perception and a new idea of the naturalness of acting speech.
Imaging Microglia Surveillance during Sleep-wake Cycles in Freely Behaving Mice
Authors: Gu Xiaochun , Zhao Zhong , Chen Xueli , Zhang Lifeng , Fang Huaqiang , Zhao Ting , Ju Shenghong , Gao Weizheng , Qian Xiaoyu , Wang Xianhua , Zhang Jue , Cheng Heping
Published: November 2023

Microglia surveillance manifests itself as dynamic changes in cell morphology and functional remodeling in response to fluctuations in the neural environment. Whether and how microglia surveillance is coupled to brain state switches during natural sleep-wake cycles, as well as under sleep deprivation, remain unclear. To address this question, we used miniature two-photon microscopy (mTPM) to acquire time-lapse high-resolution microglia images of the somatosensory cortex, along with EEG/EMG recordings and behavioral video, in freely-behaving mice. We uncovered fast and robust brain state-dependent changes in microglia surveillance, occurring in parallel with sleep dynamics and early-onset phagocytic microglial contraction during sleep deprivation stress. With the aid of the biosensor GRAB
NE2m
, we also detected local norepinephrine fluctuation occurring in a sleep state-dependent manner. We showed that the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system, which is crucial to sleep homeostasis, is required for both sleep state-dependent and stress-induced microglial responses and β
2
-adrenergic receptor signaling plays a significant role in this process. These results provide direct evidence that microglial surveillance is exquisitely tuned to signals and stressors that regulate sleep dynamics and homeostasis so as to adjust its varied roles to complement those of neurons in the brain.
In vivo
imaging with mTPM in freely behaving animals, as demonstrated here, opens a new avenue for future investigation of microglia dynamics and sleep biology in freely behaving animals.
High variability of perezone content in rhizomes of Acourtia cordata wild plants, environmental factors related, and proteomic analysis
Authors: García Méndez Ma del Carmen , Encarnación-Guevara Sergio , Martínez Batallar Ángel Gabriel , Gómez-Caudillo Leopoldo , Bru-Martínez Roque , Martínez Márquez Ascensión , Selles Marchart Susana , Tovar-Sánchez Efraín , Álvarez-Berber Laura , Marquina Bahena Silvia , Perea-Arango Irene , Arellano-García José de Jesús
Published: November 2023

With the aim of exploring the source of the high variability observed in the production of perezone, in Acourtia cordata wild plants, we analyze the influence of soil parameters and phenotypic characteristics on its perezone content. Perezone is a sesquiterpene quinone responsible for several pharmacological effects and the A. cordata plants are the natural source of this metabolite. The chemistry of perezone has been widely studied, however, no studies exist related to its production under natural conditions, nor to its biosynthesis and the environmental factors that affect the yield of this compound in wild plants. We also used a proteomic approach to detect differentially expressed proteins in wild plant rhizomes and compare the profiles of high vs. low perezone-producing plants. Our results show that in perezone-producing rhizomes, the presence of high concentrations of this compound could result from a positive response to the effects of some edaphic factors, such as total phosphorus (Pt), total nitrogen (Nt), ammonium (NH4), and organic matter (O. M.), but could also be due to a negative response to the soil pH value. Additionally, we identified 616 differentially expressed proteins between high and low perezone producers. According to the functional annotation of this comparison, the upregulated proteins were grouped in valine biosynthesis, breakdown of leucine and isoleucine, and secondary metabolism such as terpenoid biosynthesis. Downregulated proteins were grouped in basal metabolism processes, such as pyruvate and purine metabolism and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis. Our results suggest that soil parameters can impact the content of perezone in wild plants. Furthermore, we used proteomic resources to obtain data on the pathways expressed when A. cordata plants produce high and low concentrations of perezone. These data may be useful to further explore the possible relationship between perezone production and abiotic or biotic factors and the molecular mechanisms related to high and low perezone production.
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic herb-drug interactions—part I. Herbal medicines of the central nervous system
Authors: Czigle Szilvia , Nagy Milan , Mladěnka Přemysl , Tóth Jaroslav ,   the OEMONOM.
Published: November 2023

Unlike conventional drug substances, herbal medicines are composed of a complex of biologically active compounds. Therefore, the potential occurrence of herb-drug interactions is even more probable than for drug-drug interactions. Interactions can occur on both the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic level. Herbal medicines may affect the resulting efficacy of the concomitantly used (synthetic) drugs, mainly on the pharmacokinetic level, by changing their absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. Studies on the pharmacodynamic interactions of herbal medicines and conventional drugs are still very limited. This interaction level is related to the mechanism of action of different plant constituents. Herb-drug interactions can cause changes in drug levels and activities and lead to therapeutic failure and/or side effects (sometimes toxicities, even fatal). This review aims to provide a summary of recent information on the potential drug interactions involving commonly used herbal medicines that affect the central nervous system (Camellia, Valeriana, Ginkgo, Hypericum, Humulus, Cannabis) and conventional drugs. The survey databases were used to identify primary scientific publications, case reports, and secondary databases on interactions were used later on as well. Search keywords were based on plant names (botanical genera), officinal herbal drugs, herbal drug preparations, herbal drug extracts.
In-silico study of antisense oligonucleotide antibiotics
Authors: Chen Erica S. , Ho Eric S.
Published: November 2023

Background

The rapid emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria directly contributes to a wave of untreatable infections. The lack of new drug development is an important driver of this crisis. Most antibiotics today are small molecules that block vital processes in bacteria. To optimize such effects, the three-dimensional structure of targeted bacterial proteins is imperative, although such a task is time-consuming and tedious, impeding the development of antibiotics. The development of RNA-based therapeutics has catalyzed a new platform of antibiotics—antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs). These molecules hybridize with their target mRNAs with high specificity, knocking down or interfering with protein translation. This study aims to develop a bioinformatics pipeline to identify potent ASO targets in essential bacterial genes.

Methods

Three bacterial species (P. gingivalis, H. influenzae, and S. aureus) were used to demonstrate the utility of the pipeline. Open reading frames of bacterial essential genes were downloaded from the Database of Essential Genes (DEG). After filtering for specificity and accessibility, ASO candidates were ranked based on their self-hybridization score, predicted melting temperature, and the position on the gene in an operon. Enrichment analysis was conducted on genes associated with putative potent ASOs.

Results

A total of 45,628 ASOs were generated from 348 unique essential genes in P. gingivalis. A total of 1,117 of them were considered putative. A total of 27,273 ASOs were generated from 191 unique essential genes in H. influenzae. A total of 847 of them were considered putative. A total of 175,606 ASOs were generated from 346 essential genes in S. aureus. A total of 7,061 of them were considered putative. Critical biological processes associated with these genes include translation, regulation of cell shape, cell division, and peptidoglycan biosynthetic process. Putative ASO targets generated for each bacterial species are publicly available here: https://github.com/EricSHo/AOA. The results demonstrate that our bioinformatics pipeline is useful in identifying unique and accessible ASO targets in bacterial species that post major public health issues.
Genetic divergences and hybridization within the Sebastes inermis complex
Authors: Deville Diego , Kawai Kentaro , Fujita Hiroki , Umino Tetsuya
Published: November 2023

The Sebastes inermis complex includes three sympatric species (Sebastes cheni, viz Sebastes inermis, and Sebastes ventricosus) with clear ecomorphological differences, albeit incomplete reproductive isolation. The presence of putative morphological hybrids (PMH) with plausibly higher fitness than the parent species indicates the need to confirm whether hybridization occurs within the complex. In this sense, we assessed the dynamics of genetic divergence and hybridization within the species complex using a panel of 10 microsatellite loci, and sequences of the mitochondrial control region (D-loop) and the intron-free rhodopsin (RH1) gene. The analyses revealed the presence of three distinct genetic clusters, large genetic distances using D-loop sequences, and distinctive mutations within the RH1 gene. These results are consistent with the descriptions of the three species. Two microsatellite loci had signatures of divergent selection, indicating that they are linked to genomic regions that are crucial for speciation. Furthermore, nonsynonymous mutations within the RH1 gene detected in S. cheni and “Kumano” (a PMH) suggest dissimilar adaptations related to visual perception in dim-light environments. The presence of individuals with admixed ancestry between two species confirmed hybridization. The presence of nonsynonymous mutations within the RH1 gene and the admixed ancestry of the “Kumano” morphotype highlight the potential role of hybridization in generating novelties within the species complex. We discuss possible outcomes of hybridization within the species complex, considering hybrid fitness and assortative mating. Overall, our findings indicate that the genetic divergence of each species is maintained in the presence of hybridization, as expected in a scenario of speciation-with-gene-flow.
VGGish-based detection of biological sound components and their spatio-temporal variations in a subtropical forest in eastern China
Authors: Wang Mei , Mei Jinjuan , Darras Kevin FA , Liu Fanglin
Published: November 2023

Passive acoustic monitoring technology is widely used to monitor the diversity of vocal animals, but the question of how to quickly extract effective sound patterns remains a challenge due to the difficulty of distinguishing biological sounds within multiple sound sources in a soundscape. In this study, we address the potential application of the VGGish model, pre-trained on Google’s AudioSet dataset, for the extraction of acoustic features, together with an unsupervised clustering method based on the Gaussian mixture model, to identify various sound sources from a soundscape of a subtropical forest in China. The results show that different biotic and abiotic components can be distinguished from various confounding sound sources. Birds and insects were the two primary biophony sound sources, and their sounds displayed distinct temporal patterns across both diurnal and monthly time frames and distinct spatial patterns in the landscape. Using the clustering and modeling method of the general sound feature set, we quickly depicted the soundscape in a subtropical forest ecosystem, which could be used to track dynamic changes in the acoustic environment and provide help for biodiversity and ecological environment monitoring.
Harnessing Predictive Analytics for Strategic Foresight: A Comprehensive Review of Techniques and Applications in Transforming Raw Data to Actionable Insights
Authors: Olaniyi Folashade Gloria , Olaniyi Oluwaseun Oladeji , Adigwe Chinasa Susan , Abalaka Anthony Idoko , Shah Nishant Hemantkumar
Published: November 2023

In an era characterized by an unprecedented influx of data, the skill to extract actionable insights from this deluge has become paramount for organizations across diverse industries. The study seeks to address this challenge by exploring the transformative potential of predictive analytics. The research problem at the heart of this study revolves around the need to leverage data not merely as a historical repository but as a predictive tool for informed decision-making. In pursuit of this goal, a comprehensive literature review is undertaken, dissecting the evolution of data analytics, and highlighting the pivotal role of predictive analytics in today's data-driven landscape. This review identifies gaps in current knowledge, emphasizing the need for a deeper understanding of predictive analytics’ practical applications and implications. Methodologically, this research employs a multi-faceted approach. It incorporates case studies from diverse sectors, including healthcare, finance, marketing, and government, to exemplify how predictive analytics shapes strategies, optimizes operations, and enhances user experiences. Additionally, the study delves into the latest developments and trends in data analytics, surveying cutting-edge tools and techniques that empower organizations to navigate the complex terrain of big data. Key findings from this investigation underscore the profound impact of predictive analytics. It reveals that organizations adopting predictive analytics experience a marked improvement in their ability to anticipate future trends, optimize resource allocation, and mitigate risks effectively. Real-world examples demonstrate how predictive analytics can revolutionize patient care, financial decision-making, marketing campaigns, and public policy formulation, among other domains. The implications of this research are far-reaching. It underscores organizations' need to invest in predictive analytics as a strategic asset that enhances competitiveness and fosters innovation. As data continues to burgeon, embracing predictive analytics emerges as a decisive step toward navigating the complexities of the data-driven age.
The Role of Agroforestry in Soil Conservation and Sustainable Crop Production: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Kaur Amanpreet , Paruchuri Rohit Gowtham , Nayak Prayasi , Devi Khumanthem Babina , Upadhyay Lalit , Kumar Arvinder , Pancholi Roshan , Yousuf Mulinti
Published: November 2023

This comprehensive review examines the pivotal role of agroforestry in promoting soil conservation and sustainable crop production. The introduction sets the foundation by elucidating the significance of agroforestry in addressing environmental challenges and ensuring food security. Subsequent sections delve into various agroforestry practices and techniques employed for soil conservation. The review also explores the influence of agroforestry on soil properties and microbial diversity, highlighting its positive impact on soil health. Additionally, the role of agroforestry in enhancing nutrient cycling and soil fertility is discussed, showcasing its potential to improve crop productivity. The paper culminates with case studies and insights that demonstrate the successful integration of agroforestry systems to support sustainable agriculture and land management practices.
TRABALHO E PROTEÇÃO SOCIAL NA ERA DA ECONOMIA DIGITAL
Authors: Provasi Lanzara Arnaldo
Published: November 2023

Este artigo destaca a importância de se repensar os vínculos entre trabalho e proteção social no atual contexto de intensas transformações produtivas e de liberalização das economias políticas. Além de discutir os efeitos adversos gerados pelas mudanças tecnológicas nas relações de trabalho, com o consequente crescimento global do fenômeno da polarização do emprego e da renda, o objetivo deste artigo é apontar os limites e possibilidades das atuais alternativas de proteção social que buscam responder a esse fenômeno. Em diálogo com a literatura sobre o futuro do trabalho e do Estado de Bem-Estar numa era de incertezas e diversificação dos riscos sociais, conclui-se que uma alternativa realista de política social para a era da economia digital seria proteger as transições ocupacionais dos indivíduos, combinando políticas de educação, renda e emprego, com destaque para as políticas ativas de treinamento vocacional, com as tradicionais medidas contributivas.
O MOVIMENTO ZAPATISTA E A INDIGENIZAÇÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO POPULAR
Authors: Massadar Morel Ana Paula
Published: November 2023

O zapatismo tece um modo de vida autônomo que tem a educação como pilar central. Experimentamos pensar a educação zapatista como uma indigenização da educação popular que potencializa sua descolonização. Para tal, realizamos um panorama da “refundação da educação popular”, evidenciando as rupturas e continuidades de perspectivas interseccionais e freirianas, para, em seguida, discutirmos a educação zapatista a partir de trabalho etnográfico. Aproximando educação e antropologia, destacamos traduções “equívocas” produzidas pelos zapatistas sobre questões caras à educação popular, como autonomia, feminismo e conscientização. Há um deslocamento do humanismo em prol de uma rede de relações com diferentes seres não humanos, e o protagonismo das mulheres, que parte da multiplicidade. Por fim, qualificamos a indigenização zapatista não como retorno a um passado perdido, mas como afirmação da contemporaneidade dos povos a partir da coexistência das temporalidades e saberes, com uma relação própria com a Terra.
TRAJETÓRIA TUPINAMBÁ NA LUTA PELA EDUCAÇÃO ESCOLAR INDÍGENA: o exemplo do Colégio Estadual Indígena Tupinambá Serra do Padeiro (CEITP)
Authors: Pavelic Nathalie
Published: November 2023

O artigo apresenta o projeto político dos Tupinambá da Serra do Padeiro em relação à educação escolar indígena, que tem requerido reorganização constante, na esteira do esbulho e em conformidade com o objetivo coletivo de proporcionar educação formal às novas gerações como meio de garantia de direitos e melhoria das condições de vida na aldeia. O recorte apresentado aqui contextualiza também a região do sul da Bahia, atentando mais especificamente em momentos chaves da trajetória de luta do povo Tupinambá de Olivença pelo reconhecimento étnico, pelo território e por uma educação diferenciada – com ênfase na comunidade da Serra do Padeiro –, destacando como momentos dessa trajetória se cruzam com o próprio Paulo Freire e a importância do seu trabalho.
MULTIVERSIDADE DOS POVOS DA TERRA DE MÃE PRETA: o giro das palavras e a pedagogia da luta
Authors: Dias Flores Luiza
Published: November 2023

Esse artigo pretende descrever com uma experiência de educação kilombola e afroindígena, nomeada Multiversidade dos Povos da Terra de Mãe Preta, uma teia intercomunitária gestada no interior da Comunidade Kilombola Morada da Paz. Situada em Triunfo/RS, a comunidade é autorreconhecida como kilombola e comunidade espiritual, guiada por uma preta velha, Mãe Preta, e por um exu, Seu Sete. É, portanto, uma comunidade kilombola e de terreiro, formada sobretudo por mulheres negras. Através do aprendizado com Mãe Preta e seus dizedores que trago as palavras giradas e reinventadas para contracolonizar pensamentos e estrategiar sobre o mundo. Em aliança com a Multiversidade, dirijo meu esforço neste artigo em contar histórias de criações políticas e pedagógicas – que foi nomeado como pedagogia da luta –, confabulações alegres e de refúgios quilombistas, frente aos assombrosos modos coloniais de habitar a terra que permanecem aterrorizando corpos e territórios.
Reinforcement of 3D‐Printed Re‐Entrant Structures using Additional Supports under Three‐Point Bending, Experimental and Numerical Analyses
Authors: Zahed Mahdi , Ardeshiri Jouneghani Romina , Safarabadi Majid
Published: November 2023

Because of the significant effect of geometry on the mechanical properties of auxetic structures, this work focuses on enhancing the re‐entrant hexagonal honeycomb properties, as an auxetic cellular structure with widespread use, by modifying its unit cell's geometry. Herein, six novel structures with additional struts added as supports to the structure are designed to improve the specific energy absorption capacity and flexural modulus. The results reveal that adding supports significantly increases the maximum force tolerated by the structure in the same undergone displacement as the conventional re‐entrant. Furthermore, the findings indicate that honeycombs with concave curved supports outperform conventional re‐entrant honeycombs, showing a significant enhancement in flexural modulus (Ef) by ≈282%, energy absorption, and specific energy absorption by over 297%. Moreover, angle support structures demonstrate outstanding outcomes compared to simple straight supports and single‐support structures. Additionally, a parametric study is carried out using the validated finite‐element model to analyze the influence of the supports’ thickness and radius as well as the distance between the middle of the unit cell and the support (L3) in honeycombs with concave curved supports and the β angle of angle supports in the double‐angle support structures.
Manufacturing Process of Low‐Contamination Titanium Foam as Implant Material for Cranioplasty Based on Replica Technique
Authors: Quadbeck Peter , Jehring Ulrike , Böhm Hans-Dietrich , Füssel Alexander , Standke Gisela
Published: November 2023

The article investigates the development of a manufacturing route for highly porous titanium foams suitable for craniofacial surgery applications, particularly in cranioplasties. The study focuses on the polyurethane replication method for foam production and emphasizes reducing residual gas content, as it significantly affects the mechanical properties and suitability for approval of the foams. Various factors such as starting materials, solvent debinding, heating schedules, and hydrogen atmosphere are analyzed for their impact on residual gas content. It is shown that significant reductions in residual gas content can only be achieved by reworking each step of the process. A combination of initial solvent debinding of the PU template with dimethyl sulphoxide, reduction of suspension additives, use of coarser Gd. 1 powders, and an integrated debinding and sintering process under partial hydrogen atmosphere achieves a significant reduction in residual gas content. This way, the potential for producing titanium foams that comply with relevant standards for craniofacial implants is demonstrated.
Advances in FRET‐based biosensors from donor‐acceptor design to applications
Authors: Yang Wen‐Chao , Li Shuang‐Yu , Ni Shengnan , Liu Guozhen
Published: November 2023

Fluorogenic biosensors are essential tools widely used in biomedicine, chemical biology, environmental protection and food safety. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) is a crucial technique for developing fluorogenic biosensors that provide mechanistic insight into bioprocesses through time‐spatial bioimaging in living cells and organisms. Although extensive FRET‐based sensors have been developed for detecting or imaging analytes of interest over the past decade, few comprehensive reviews have summarized the recent studies from the fundamental chemical angle about the design and application. In this work, the recent advance in the discovery of FRET biosensors using donor‐acceptor dye combinations is described and they are classified based on different types of analytes, such as mall molecules, proteins, enzymes, nucleic acids and metal ions. This review provides molecular‐level inspiration for the design of FRET‐based biosensors, aiding in their application in biosensing and bioimaging.
Regulating the structure of crosslinked polyethylene and its application in ultra‐high voltage cables
Authors: Sun Wu‐Ji , Liu Xiong‐Jun , Yuan Li‐Juan , Xiao Han , Lu Jian‐Mei
Published: November 2023

The crystallinity of polyethylene has been extensively studied, but in situ experiments designed to investigate the crystallization of PE and XLPE have hardly been discussed. In this work, the crystallization behavior of PE and XLPE was investigated by designing in situ crystallization observation experiments. We have compared the crystallinity, crosslinking, viscosity properties, and gas byproducts of different XLPE insulating materials. COMSOL simulations demonstrate that the DTAP and DTBP crosslinker initiated crosslinks have better insulating properties and cable stability than the DTBC and DTBTMC crosslinkers. The formation of an insulation layer initiated by the DTAP crosslinker is beneficial for improving the breakdown strength, processing performance, and stable operation of cables. Our work is of great significance for understanding the crystallinity of XLPE and determining the correct crosslinker.

Highlights

In situ crystallization observation of PE and XLPE.

Simulation of ultra‐high voltage cables.

Finite element analysis.

Investigation of gas byproducts in XLPE.
Benzotrithiophene‐Based Covalent Organic Frameworks: Synthesis and Application to Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Wang Nana , Ye Shi-Qi , Li Mingjie , Pan Hong , Wang Guan-Wu
Published: November 2023

Two benzotrithiophene (BTT)‐based 2D covalent organic frameworks (2D COFs) are synthesized and characterized. The BTT and triphenylamine units (either tris(4‐aminophenyl)amine or N4,N4‐bis(4′‐amino‐[1,1′‐biphenyl]‐4‐yl)‐[1,1′‐biphenyl]‐4,4′‐diamine) are alternately connected for the two BTT‐based COFs, namely TABT–COF and BABT–COF, respectively. The obtained BTT‐based COFs exhibit high crystallinity, high surface area, and excellent thermal stability. In addition, these two COFs are further utilized as efficient additives by doping into the perovskite layer of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The incorporation of BTT‐based COFs can be exploited as an efficient nucleation template, enabling the regulation of perovskite crystallinity. The power conversion efficiencies of the champion PSCs with TABT–COF and BABT–COF achieve 18.10% and 18.56%, respectively, outperforming that (16.58%) of the control device.
Achieving More Insight on the Dynamic Process from Conventional/Inverted Layer‐by‐Layer All‐Polymer Solar Cells with 17.24% or 12.41% Efficiency
Authors: Liu Zhongyuan , Zhang Miao , Xu Wenjing , Tian Hongyue , Jeong Sang Young , Woo Han Young , Ma Xiaoling , Zhang Fujun
Published: November 2023

Series of bulk heterojunction (BHJ) and layer‐by‐layer (LbL) all‐polymer solar cells (APSCs) were prepared with polymer PM6 as donor and polymer PY‐DT as acceptor based on conventional and inverted configuration. Benefiting from the sequential deposition strategy, the good vertical phase separation and more ordered molecular arrangement can be formed in the LbL APSCs. The conventional LbL APSCs exhibit an optimized power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.24% with a relatively large short circuit current density of 23.83 mA cm−2 and fill factor of 74.60%, photogenerated excitons near the indium tin oxide electrode can be efficiently utilized through energy transfer from PM6 to PY‐DT and the self‐absorption effect of PM6 for its long exciton diffuse distance. The 17.24% PCE of conventional LbL APSCs is higher than 16.72% of conventional BHJ APSCs, 14.59% of inverted BHJ APSCs and 12.41% of inverted LbL APSCs. The rather low PCE of 12.41% for the inverted LbL APSCs further indicates that the energy transfer from donor to acceptor and self‐absorption effect of donor should play a vital role in determining the performance of LbL APSCs. This work provides more insights on the exciton and carrier dynamic process in sequentially deposited active layer, providing more guidance for preparing efficient LbL APSCs.
On vanishing sums of roots of unity in polynomial calculus and sum-of-squares
Authors: Bonacina Ilario , Galesi Nicola , Lauria Massimo
Published: November 2023

We introduce a novel take on sum-of-squares that is able
to reason with complex numbers and still make use of polynomial inequalities.
This proof system might be of independent interest since it
allows to represent multivalued domains both with Boolean and Fourier
encoding. We show degree and size lower bounds in this system for a
natural generalization of knapsack: the vanishing sums of roots of unity.
These lower bounds naturally apply to polynomial calculus as-well.