bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diversity and distribution of marine heterotrophic bacteria from a large culture collection
Authors: Sanz-Sáez Isabel , Salazar Guillem , Lara Elena , Royo-Llonch Marta , Sà Elisabet L. , Vaqué Dolors , Duarte Carlos M. , Gasol Josep M. , Pedrós-Alió Carlos , Sánchez Olga , Acinas Silvia G.
Published: March 2020

BackgroundIsolation of marine microorganisms is fundamental to gather information about their physiology, ecology and genomic content. To date, most of the bacterial isolation efforts have focused on the photic ocean leaving the deep ocean less explored. We have created a marine culture collection of heterotrophic bacteria (MARINHET) using a standard marine medium comprising a total of 1561 bacterial strains, and covering a variety of oceanographic regions from different seasons and years, from 2009 to 2015. Specifically, our marine collection includes isolates from both photic (817) and aphotic layers (744), including the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ, 362) and the bathypelagic (382), from the North Western Mediterranean Sea, the North and South Atlantic Ocean, the Indian, the Pacific, and the Arctic Oceans. With this study, we describe the taxonomy, the phylogenetic diversity and the biogeography of a fraction of the marine culturable microorganisms to enhance our knowledge about which heterotrophic marine isolates are recurrently retrieved across oceans and along all the water column. ResultsThe partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene of all isolates revealed that they mainly affiliate with the classes Alphaproteobacteria (35.9%), Gammaproteobacteria (38.6%), and phylum Bacteroidetes (16.5%). In addition, Alteromonas and Erythrobacter genera were found the most common heterotrophic bacteria in the ocean growing in solid agar medium. When comparing photic, OMZ, and bathypelagic isolates sequences, a 37% of them were 100% identical. This percentage increased up to 59% when the comparison was restricted between photic and aphotic sequences (OMZ and bathypelagic together) indicating the ubiquity of some bacterial isolates along the water column. Finally, we isolated three strains related with the genus Mesonia sp. that may represent new species since their whole 16S rRNA gene shared less than 95% sequence similarity with any other culture representative. ConclusionsOverall, this study highlights the relevance of culture dependent studies, with focus on marine isolated bacteria from different oceanographic regions and depths, to provide a more comprehensive view of marine microbial diversity.
Label-free quantitative proteomic analysis of the inhibition effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG on Escherich coli biofilm formation in coculture
Authors: Song Huiyi , Lou Ni , Liu Jianjun , Xiang Hong , Shang Dong
Published: March 2020

Background: Escherich coli (E.coli) is the principal pathogen that causes biofilm formation; the latter is associated with infectious diseases and antibiotic resistance. In our previous work, we demonstrated that probiotic microcapsules have superior biofilm inhibition capacity compared to probiotic sterile culture supernatant. Herein, the mechanism of the inhibition effects was investigated using label-free quantitative proteomics analysis. Results: The proteomic analysis characterized a total of 1655 proteins in E.coli K12MG1655 and 1431 proteins in Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG). Among them, after coculture treatment, there were 262 and differentially expressed proteins that were specific for E.coli and 291 for LGG. The differentially expressed proteins after coculture were related to cellular metabolism, the stress response, transcription, and the cell membrane. In addition, we identified five strain-specific genes in E.coli and LGG, respectively, which were consistent with the proteomics results. Conclusions: These findings indicate that LGG microcapsules may inhibit E.coli biofilm inhibition by disrupting metabolic processes, particularly in relation to energy metabolism and stimulus responses, both of which are critical for the growth of LGG. Together, these findings increase our understanding of the interactions between bacteria under coculture conditions.
Treatment Effects of Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty for Unilateral Cuff Tear Arthropathy – Outcomes at 6, 12, 24 and 60 Months and Confounders
Authors: Huber Jorg , Irlenbusch Ulrich , Kääb Max J , Reuther Falk , Kohut Georges , Judge Andy
Published: March 2020

Background Although shoulder arthroplasty is less common than knee or hip arthroplasty, the number of procedures being performed is increasing rapidly. The treatment effect is a simple method to measure outcome of joint replacement for each patient individually. The method was applied to measure outcome of total hip/knee arthroplasty but not yet for shoulder arthroplasty. Methods The patients with reversed total shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) of five European clinics were included in this prospective study. The treatment effects (TE) were calculated for each patient as complaint reduction/baseline complaints. 1 is the maximal treatment effect and corresponds to a patient without complaints. A positive number means amelioration, 0 = unchanged, a negative number means worse. The primary aim was to calculate the TE’s for RSA at 6, 12, 24, and 60 months postoperatively. The secondary aim was to analyze the influence of confounders (preoperative grade of cuff tear arthropathy, age, gender, dominance, side of the affected shoulder, general co-morbidities measured using ASA grade). Results 203 patients were included for this analysis of whom 183 patients had a complete 2 year follow up. Over the 24-months, the mean ASES score augmented significant from 20.5 to 78.7 (p<0.001). The 2 year treatment effects ranged from 1 to 0.09. We had no patient with a negative TE. A higher Hamada grade was associated with better TE’s (Hamada grade 4+ vs. 2, p-value 0.042). For age and dominant side there were weak associations where those aged 80+ and dominant side had better TE’s. The patients with higher ASA grade had lower TE’s (ASA grade 4+ vs. 1, p-value 0.013). The mean TE’s were 0.77 at 6-months, 0.81 12-months, 0.76 24-months and 0.73 at 60-months. Conclusions The treatment effects for reverse shoulder arthroplasty vary from 1 to 0.09. The treatment effects change little in the first five postoperative years (from 0.73 to 0.81). The confounders for better TE’s were: higher severity of cuff arthropathy (Hamada grade 3, 4 and 5), less co-morbidities (ASA Grade 1), higher age (80+) and dominant side. Gender did not influence the 2-year TE’s.
Th22 Cells Promote in vitro Proliferation and Cytokine Secretion in HaCaT and HRMC cells via Production of IL-22 and Stimulation of PI3K/AKT Signaling
Authors: Zhao Ling , Sun Dejun , Liu Tao , Jiang Zhenyu , Ye Zhuang
Published: March 2020

Background: T helper (Th) 22 cells function in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but their exact role remains unclear. We examined in vitro interactions of Th22 cells with different target cells.Methods: Flow cytometry was used to isolate Th22 cells from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 5 healthy subjects. The optimal co-culture ratio of effector:target (E:T) cells and the optimal co-culture concentration of recombinant interleukin (rIL) -22 were determined. The levels of IL-22, proliferation of target cells, and the levels proinflammatory cytokines in different culture systems with human keratinocyte cells (HaCaT) and human renal mesangial cells (HRMC) were determined. Western blotting was used to assess changes in the levels of proteins in the PI3K/AKT pathway.Results: The levels of IL-22 were greater when HaCaT and HRMC cells were co-cultured with Th22 cells or rIL-22, and co-culturing with contact had a greater effect than co-culturing without contact. The levels of cytokines were also significantly greater when target cells were co-cultured with Th22 cells. IL-22mAb reversed the effect of IL-22. Th22 cells significantly activated PI3K/AKT signaling in HaCaT and HRMC cells; LY294002 (an inhibitor of this pathway) reversed this effect and also downregulated the levels of proinflammatory cytokines; IL-22mAb had a similar but weaker effect. Conclusions: Our results suggest that Th22 cells promote cell proliferation and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines of their target cells via IL-22-mediated stimulation of PI3K/AKT signaling.
Localization of pulp stem cells in chronic pulpitis
Authors: Wu Yan , Zhou Caixia , Tong Xueying , Li Shue , Liu Jiarong
Published: March 2020

Background: Our study aimed to observe the distribution of stem cells in chronic pulpitis and to investigate the expression of specific molecules.
Methods: Extracted third molar teeth were collected and divided into two groups. Experiment group was from patients with previous history of spontaneous pain and diagnosed as having chronic pulpitis. Noncarious third molars were used as control group. Dental pulp tissues were collected from these two groups. Real-time RT-PCR test was used to detect the expression of several embryonic and dentinogenic genes in dental pulp. The expression of the mesenchymal cell markers (STRO-1, CD146) and stromal cell-derived factor 1α (SDF-1α)/CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) proteins were examined by immunohistochemical and triple immunofluorescence analysis.
Results: ThemRNA levels of most embryonic and dentinogenic genes were not statistically different (p > 0.05) between the two groups. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that in inflamed pulp, STRO-1- and CD146-positive cells mainly reside in two specific niches, both adjacent to inflammatory sites: one in the pulp core, and another in odontoblast layer. In contrast, fewer STRO-1- and CD146- positive cells appeared in the vicinity of the root apex. SDF-1α- and CXCR4-positive cells increased in zone I and II, and decreased in zone III, showing a significant correlation with STRO-1. Triple immunofluorescence analysis indicated that most STRO-1-positive cells overlapped with SDF-1α- and CXCR4-positive cells around the perivascular areas near the inflammatory site.
Conclusions: This study gave a direct observation of stem cells distribution in chronic pulpitis for the first time and implies the important role of SDF-1α/CXCR4signaling in stem cells-based therapies for reparative dentinogenesis.
Shared Decision-making between health care providers and patients at a Tertiary Hospital Diabetic Clinic in Tanzania
Authors: Vedasto Oswald , Morris Baraka , Furia Francis Fredrick
Published: March 2020

Background Patients’ participation in decision making regarding their treatment play an important role in treatment outcome through improvement in self-care and adherence to treatment. There is scarcity of information regarding shared decision making in sub-Saharan Africa. This study was conducted to assess participation of patients and health care providers in decision-making process in the diabetic clinic at Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.Methods This study employed a phenomenological study design using in-depth interview technique. Study participants were diabetic patients visiting the clinic and healthcare providers working in the diabetic clinic at Muhimbili National Hospital. Data was collected using interview guide with open ended questions using an audio digital recorder. Content analysis method was used during analysis whereby categories were reached through the process of coding with assistance by Nvivo 12 software. Results Several themes were identified in this study including some form of participation in decision making of patients, use of decision aids in the clinic and belief and values regarding patients’ engagement in decision making. Several factors were identified as barriers to shared decision making as noted from participants interview, these included lack of time, literacy level, beliefs and values. Decision aids were reported to be important for improving patient’s knowledge and subsequently their involvement in decisions that were made although it was also noted that these were not prepared by the health care providers in the clinic and they were not adequately provided.Conclusion Some form of participation in decision making was observed in the diabetic clinic at Muhimbili national Hospital, and barriers identified for shared decision-making included time, literacy, beliefs and values.
Chest CT Could Be Used to Diagnose 2019 Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Clinically in Hubei Province
Authors: Wang Xin , Wen Peng , Sun Zhi-Gang , Xing Chun-Yan , Li Yun
Published: March 2020

Background: In December 2019, novel coronavirus pneumonia-19 (COVID-19) was discovered in the viral pneumonia cases that occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China; and then quickly spread inside and outside of Wuhan and even other countries. This report describes the clinical course of two patients who had COVID-19.Case presentation: The first case was a typical COVID-19 case. A 66-year-old female presented to our hospital with a 3-day history of fever with coughing, white sputum, runny nose and dizziness. She had contacted with a COVID-19 patient, her daughter-in-law who was diagnosed with COVID-19 two days before. Chest CT showed typical COVID-19 CT imaging. She was diagnosed with COVID-19 by positive nucleic acid test. The second case was a 50-year-old male with a 2-day history of fever and dry coughing. He denied having been to Wuhan. Chest CT also showed typical COVID-19 CT imaging. He accepted COVID-19 nucleic acid test using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction of his throat swab sampling 7 times and the test results remained controversial. Eventually, he was diagnosed with COVID-19 after 5 days.Conclusions: Chest CT examination has high sensitivity for diagnosis of COVID-19 clinically, particularly when nucleic acid test is negative. Chest CT should be considered for the COVID-19 screening, comprehensive evaluation and following-up and patients could benefit from effective treatment in time.
In Silico Fight Against Novel Coronavirus by Finding Chromone Derivatives as Inhibitor of Coronavirus Main Proteases Enzyme
Authors: Sepay Nayim , Sepay Nadir , Hoque Ashique Al , Mondal Rina , Halder Umesh Chandra , Muddassir Mohd.
Published: March 2020

Novel coronavirus, 2019-nCoV is a danger to the world and is spreading rapidly. Very little structural information about 2019-nCoV make this situation more difficult for drug designing. Benzylidenechromanones, naturally occurring oxygen heterocyclic compounds, having capability to inhibit various protein and receptors, have been designed here to block mutant variety of coronavirus main protease enzyme (CoV Mpro ) isolated from 2019-nCoV with the assistance of molecular docking, bioinformatics and DFT. ( Z )-3-(4’-chlorobenzylidene)-thiochroman-4-one showed highest binding affinity to the protein. Binding of a compound to this protein actually inhibit the replication and transcription of the virus and ultimately, stop the virus multiplication. Incorporation of any functional groups to the basic benzylidenechromanones enhance their binding ability. Chloro and bromo substitution amplify the binding affinity. ADME studies of all these compounds indicates they are lipophilic, high gastro intestine absorbable and blood-brain barrier permeable. The outcome reveal that the investigated benzylidenechromanones can be examine in the case of 2019-nCoV as potent inhibitory drug of CoV M pro , for their strong inhibition ability, high reactivity, and effective pharmacological properties.
Micromeria Fruticosa L. Druce’un Süper Kritik Karbondioksit Kullanılarak Ekstraksiyonu ve Menton, İsomenton ve Pulegon Miktarı Üzerine Ekstraksiyon Koşullarının Optimizasyonu
Authors: TÜRK Murat
Published: March 2020

Taşnanesi olarak da adlandırılan Micromeria fruticosa L. Druce, tıbbi özelliklere sahip bir Akdeniz bitkisidir. Bu çalışmada, Micromeria fruticosa L. Druce’ un süper kritik CO2 ekstraksiyonunda menton, isomenton ve pulegon derişimlerine etki eden parametre değerlerini optimize etmek için yanıt yüzey yöntemi (RSM) kullanılmıştır. Bu amaçla 3-faktör ve 3-düzey Box–Behnken dizaynı uygulanarak ve sıcaklık, basınç ve zaman parametreleri bağımsız değişkenler olarak seçilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçların değerlendirilmesi Design-Expert yazılımı kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yanıt ve bağımsız değişkenler arasındaki matematiksel ilişki quadratik denklem ile açıklanmıştır. Süper kritik CO2 ekstraksiyonu için deneysel sonuçlar ile tahminlenen sonuçlar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki elde edilmiştir. Maksimum menton, isomenton ve pulegon derişimlerine ulaşmak için optimum deney koşulları 47,16 oC, 216,99 atm ve 22,45 dk olarak bulunmuştur. Micromeria fruticosa L. Druce’un temel bileşenleri açısından, süper kritik CO2 kullanılarak ekstraksiyon koşullarının optimizasyonu ile ilgili bir çalışmaya literatürde rastlanmamıştır. Bu çalışmanın ilk kez çalışılmış olması hem literatüre katkısı açısından hem de elde edilen sonuçların farmakoloji, gıda ve nutrosotik endüstrisine katkı sağlaması açısından önemli olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Withdrawn Notice: Green Synthesis of Furo-1,3-oxazole Derivatives using Fe3O4-MNPs as Efficient Nanocatalyst: Study of Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Ghazvini Maryam , Sheikholeslami-Farahani Fatemeh , Shahvelayati Ashraf , Rostami Zohreh , Abad Saeid
Published: March 2020

The article has been withdrawn at the request of the authors and editor of the journal Combinatorial Chemistry & High
Throughput Screening.;

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Theoretical Analysis for the Safe Form and Dosage of Amygdalin Product
Authors: Tsanov Vasil , Tsanov Hristo
Published: March 2020

Introduction:

This article presents a theoretical analysis of the safe form and dosage of the
amygdalin derivative. By making a precise socio-anthropological analysis of the life of the ancient people of
Botra (Hunza people, Burusho/Brusho people), a hypothesis has been postulated through a number of modern
quantum-mechanical, molecular-topological and bio analytical checks, and has also been confirmed by two
proofs.

Methods:

The proposed hypothesis underwent theoretical and logical analysis to confirm and/or reject it. The
methodological scheme was: determining the optimal chemical formula, determination of the pharmaceutical
molecular form and determination of the drug dose.

Results:

A convenient, harmless, form of amygdalin derivative is available that has the same biological and
chemical activity and could be used in conservative clinical oncology. The article also presents a theoretical
comparative analysis of biochemical reactivity in in vivo and in vitro media, by which we also determine the
recommended dosage for patient administration. A comparative analysis of the data, obtained in published clinical
studies of amygdalin, is presented, summarizing a scheme of the anti-tumor activity of the proposed molecular
form.

Conclusion:

The hydrolyzed to amide / carboxylic acid cyano / nitrile glycosides are potential drugs. Their
biological activity remains unchanged, but their toxicity is many times lower than unmodified native molecules.
We claim that this study we have conducted on amygdalin / dhurrin-derived amide is the only study on this
molecular form. Other substances in these groups with pronounced biological activity (including anti-tumor) are
the hydrolyzed nitrile groups by Prunasin, Lucumin, Vicianin, Sambunigrin, Dhurrin, Taxiphyllin, Zierin,
Preteacin, p-Glucosyloxymandelonitrile, Linamarin, Lotaustralin, Acaciapetalin, Triglochinin, Dejdaclin, Tetraphyllin
A, Tetrallin B, Gynocardin etc., to their amide/carboxylic acid.
Red Grape Polyphenol Oral Administration Improves Immune Response in Women Affected by Nickel-Mediated Allergic Contact Dermatitis
Authors: Magrone Thea , Jirillo Emilio , Magrone Manrico , Russo Matteo A. , Romita Paolo , Massari Francesco , Foti Caterina
Published: March 2020

Background:

Our previous findings demonstrated that in vitro supplementation of polyphenols, extracted from seeds of red grape (Nero di Troia cultivar), to peripheral lymphomonocytes from patients affected by allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) to nickel (Ni) could reduce the release of proinflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide (NO), while increasing the levels of interleukin (IL)-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine.

Objective:

To assess whether an intervention with oral administration of polyphenols leads to a reduction of peripheral biomarkers in ACD patients.

Methods:

At T0, 25 patients affected by ACD to Ni were orally administered with 300 mg polyphenols prodie extracted from seeds of red grape (Nero di Troia cultivar) (NATUR-OX®) for 3 months (T1). The other 25 patients affected by ACD to Ni received placebo only for the same period of time. Serum biomarkers were analyzed at T0 and T1. In both groups, seven dropouts were recorded.

Result:

At T1 in comparison to T0, in treated patients, values of interferon-γ, IL-4, IL-17, pentraxin 3 and NO decreased, while IL-10 levels increased when compared with T0 values. Conversely, in placebo- treated patients, no modifications of biomarkers were evaluated at T1.

Conclusion:

Present laboratory data rely on the anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties of polyphenols.
A Tunable THz Plasmonic Waveguide Based on Graphene Coated Bowtie Nanowire with High Mode Confinement
Authors: Wang Xu , Wang Jue , Ma Tao , Wang Fang
Published: March 2020

Background: :

A THz Plasmonic Waveguide Based on Graphene Coated Bow-tie Nanowire
(TPW-GCBN) has been proposed. The waveguide characteristics are investigated by the Finite Element
Method (FEM). The influence of the geometric parameters on propagation constants, electric
field distributions, effective mode areas, and propagation lengths is obtained numerically. The performance
tunability of TPW-GCBN is also studied by adjusting the Fermi energy. The simulation results
show that TPW-GCBN has better mode confinement ability. TPW-GCBN provides a promising alternative
in high-density integration of photonic circuit for the future tunable micro-nano optoelectronic
devices.: Surface plasmonpolaritons based waveguides have been widely used to enhance the local
electric fields. It also has the capability of manipulating electromagnetic fields on the deepsubwavelength.

Objective::

The waveguide characteristics of TPW-GCBN should be investigated. The tunability of
TPW-GCBN should be studied by adjusting Fermi energy (FE) which can be changed by the voltage.

Method: :

The mode analysis and parameter sweep in Finite Element Method (FEM) were used to
simulate TPW-GCBN for analyzing effective refractive index (neff), electric field distributions, normalized
mode areas (Am), propagation length (Lp) and Figure of Merit (FoM).

Results: :

At 5 THz, Aeffof λ2/14812,Lp of ~2 μm and FoM of 25 can be achieved. The simulation results
show that TPW-GBN has good mode confinement ability and flexible tunability.

Conclusion::

TPW-GBN provides new freedom to manipulate the graphene surface plasmons, and
leads to new applications in high-density integration of photonic circuits for tunable integrated optical
devices.
Eudragit RL100 Based Moxifloxacin Hydrochloride and Ketorolac Tromethamine Combination Nanoparticulate System for Ocular Drug Delivery
Authors: Salvi Vedanti , Pawar Pravin
Published: March 2020

Background:

Bacterial conjunctivitis is a serious ocular infection if left
untreated. It is caused by several species of bacteria like Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus
and Mycobacterium.

Objective:

The present investigation explores the development and characterization of
moxifloxacin hydrochloride and ketorolac tromethamine combination loaded Eudragit RL
100 nanosuspension for ocular drug delivery in order to overcome the problems associated
with conventional dosage forms.

Methods:

The nanosuspension prepared by nanoprecipitation technique showed successful
entrapment of both water-soluble drugs in the polymer matrix indicated by their %
entrapment efficiencies.

Results:

Formulations showed a mean particle size <200 nm with narrow size distribution
and positive surface charge due to the presence of quaternary ammonium groups of
Eudragit RL100. FTIR study revealed compatibility among the components, while a
reduction in the crystallinity of formulation was observed in the PXRD study. The release
of both the drugs was found to be sustained in nanosuspension as compared to commercial
eyedrops. Ex vivo studies showed increased transcorneal permeation of drugs from
nanosuspension, where approximately 2.5-fold and 2-fold increase in the permeation was
observed for moxifloxacin hydrochloride and ketorolac tromethamine, respectively. The
formulation was stable at 4°C and room temperature.

Conclusion:

Due to their sustained release, positive surface charge and higher transcorneal
permeation, this will be a promising ocular drug delivery.
A Review of Recent Patents (2016-2019) on Plant Food Supplements with Potential Application in the Treatment of Neurodegenerative and Metabolic Disorders
Authors: Leuci Rosalba , Brunetti Leonardo , Laghezza Antonio , Tortorella Paolo , Loiodice Fulvio , Piemontese Luca
Published: March 2020

In the near future, it is expected that the prevalence of illnesses related to the increasing
life expectancies and quality of life, such as neurodegenerative diseases and cardiovascular diseases
related to metabolic disorders, will soar to unprecedented levels, leading to high socioeconomic
costs. To address this rising threat, natural products are emerging as a novel strategy for the prevention
and therapy of these ages- and lifestyle-related diseases, thanks to their high marketability and
few side effects. In this patent review, we summarize selected patents for food supplements, functional
and fortified foods, filed from 2016 to 2019, categorizing them based on the biological activity
of their components.
Help-Seeking Behaviors of Transition-Aged Youth for Mental Health Concerns: Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Stunden Chelsea , Zasada Julie , VanHeerwaarden Nicole , Hollenberg Elisa , Abi-Jaoudé Alexxa , Chaim Gloria , Cleverley Kristin , Henderson Joanna , Johnson Andrew , Levinson Andrea , Lo Brian , Robb Janine , Shi Jenny , Voineskos Aristotle , Wiljer David
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND

Transition-aged youth are particularly vulnerable to mental health problems, yet they are one of the least likely demographic groups to seek help.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to explore the influences on and patterns in help-seeking for mental health concerns among transition-aged youth who attend postsecondary schools in Canada.

METHODS

A qualitative research design was used, involving 12 semistructured focus groups with transition-aged youth (17-29 years) who attended postsecondary schools in Canada. A thematic analysis was conducted to code the transcripts and develop themes.

RESULTS

Four main themes and subthemes regarding the process and experience of help-seeking were generated: (1) the influence of formal service providers (accessibility and experiences), (2) the influence of social factors (system navigation and stigma), (3) the influence of health literacy (symptom recognition, acting on symptoms, digital tools and the internet, and mental health awareness campaigns), and (4) the influence of low-intensity sources of support, namely, self-help.

CONCLUSIONS

Transition-aged youth seek help for mental health problems in different ways. Despite efforts to improve access to mental health services, transition-aged youth continue to face barriers to accessing these services, especially formal sources of support. The factors identified in this study that either hinder or facilitate help-seeking have pragmatic implications for developing help-seeking interventions and delivering mental health services for this population. In addition to other facilitators, family physicians are an important resource in the help-seeking process. Furthermore, digital help-seeking tools have unique characteristics that may make them an important source of support for transition-aged youth.
Recruitment and Retention Strategies for Community-Based Longitudinal Studies in Diverse Urban Neighborhoods (Preprint)
Authors: Ferris Emily B , Wyka Katarzyna , Evenson Kelly R , Dorn Joan M , Thorpe Lorna , Catellier Diane , Huang Terry T-K
Published: March 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Longitudinal, natural experiments provide an ideal evaluation approach to better understand the impact of built environment interventions on community health outcomes, particularly health disparities. As there are many participant engagement challenges inherent in the design of large-scale community-based studies, adaptive and iterative participant engagement strategies are critical. This paper shares practical lessons learned from the Physical Activity and Redesigned Community Spaces (PARCS) study, which is an evaluation of the impact of a citywide park renovation initiative on physical activity, psychosocial health, and community well-being. The PARCS study, although ongoing, has developed several approaches to improve participant engagement: building trust with communities, adapting the study protocol to meet participants’ needs and to reflect their capacity for participation, operational flexibility, and developing tracking systems. These strategies may help researchers anticipate and respond to participant engagement challenges in community-based studies, particularly in low-income communities of color.
QUALITY ASSESSMENT AND QUANTIFICATION OF GENISTEIN IN DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS BY HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY, QUANTITATIVE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE, AND TWO-DIMENSIONAL DIFFUSION ORDERED SPECTROSCOPY 1H
Authors: IOANNA VLACHOU , IOANNIS PAPASOTIRIOU
Published: March 2020

Objective: The aim of the present study is to analyze four herbal dietary supplements containing genistein by liquid chromatography, quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR), and diffusion ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) 1H NMR.

Methods: Quantification of the active ingredient, genistein, is carried out by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and qNMR. Two-dimensional (2D) DOSY NMR also allows the qualitative analysis of the samples with the detection of active ingredient and excipients present in the formulations.

Results: The validated HPLC and qNMR methods showed that all four supplements contain genistein in different amounts, and 2D DOSY NMR provides a clear image of all ingredients in the formulations.

Conclusion: The use of the three techniques provides detailed information on each product and its contents, and all of them are currently used for the quality control of natural supplements by our laboratory.
PHYTOASSEMBLY AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY ON MORINGA OLEIFERA: A REVIEW
Authors: MALAGE ANIKET , JADHAV SUPRIYA , YOGEKAR TEJASWINI , SHARMA SAMEER
Published: March 2020

Moringa oleifera is a plant that has copious medicative properties and widely known as “drumstick plant” or “horseradish plant” and most widely vascular plant in India. This is a nutritional plant (herb) that consists of many pharmacological and biological exertion such as antiasthmatic, diuretic, antiepileptic, cardiovascular as well as antioxidants and also beneficial in wound healing enterprise. The anti-asthmatic action of M. oleifera seeds kernel ethanolic extract evoked by histamine and acetylcholine aerosol. Pre-treatment by ethanol gives the extract of M. oleifera also diminished carrageenan convinced rat paw edema that was comparable to standard diclofenac sodium. This review summarizes the biological exertion such as a cardiovascular, diuretic, and biological activities such as antimicrobial, antiepileptic, and anti-allergic activities and also provides pharmacological activities in essence anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, and anti-asthmatic activities.
HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE ASSESSMENT USING SINGLE-INHALER DUAL VERSUS TRIPLE THERAPY IN CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE PATIENTS
Authors: FATIMA TALATH , SADAF ANNIE FATIMA , AAMIR ALI SYED , SIDDIQUI JUNAID , ALI BAIG MIRZA MISBA , AHMED SYED MAHMOOD , FATIMA MEHRUQ
Published: March 2020

Objectives: The study compared triple therapy (inhaled corticosteroids/long-acting beta2-agonists [LABA]/long-acting muscarinic antagonists [LAMA]) versus dual therapy [LABA/LAMA] in improving lung function and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods: This prospective and observational study compared 12 weeks of triple therapy (Formoterol – 6 mcg/Ciclesonide – 200 mcg/Tiotropium – 9 mcg) versus dual therapy (Formoterol – 6 mcg/Tiotropium – 9 mcg) in COPD patients. The primary objective included HRQoL as measured by improvement (decrease) from baseline in St. George respiratory questionnaire (SGRQ) score and COPD assessment test (CAT) scores. Coprimary endpoint included the change from baseline in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1).

Results: After 12 weeks of treatment, triple therapy (n=30) and dual therapy (30), mean improvement (decrease) from baseline in SGRQ scores was −21.06 (95% CI, −24.92–−17.20) and −5.89571 (95% CI, −7.71–−4.07), respectively, and mean improvement (decrease) from baseline in CAT scores was −2.83 (95% CI, −3.73–−1.94] and −1.8 (95% CI, −2.25–−1.35), respectively. The mean change from baseline in FEV1% predicted was 3.09 (95% CI, 2.18–4.00) and 1.69 (95% CI, 1.43–1.97) for triple and dual therapy, respectively. For all the endpoints, the between-group mean differences were statistically significant (p<0.001).

Conclusion: Triple therapy (Formoterol – 6 mcg/Ciclesonide – 200 mcg/Tiotropium – 9 mcg) can provide improvements in lung function and quality of life over dual therapy (Formoterol – 6 mcg/Tiotropium – 9 mcg) in patients with moderate to severe COPD. Future studies should focus on which drug combination of triple therapy is more effective and cost-effective than other possible triple therapy drug combinations.
PHARMACOGNOSTIC AND PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OF AILANTHUS EXCELSA ROXB. BARK
Authors: D BHALKE RASIKA , A GIRI MAHENDRA
Published: March 2020

Objective: The present investigation aims at detail pharmacognostic study of the bark of Ailanthus excelsa Roxb. (BAE). A. excelsa is an important plant in Indian system of medicine belonging to the family Simaroubaceae.

Methods: BAE was studied for various pharmacognostic evaluation parameters such as examination of morphological and microscopic characters and physicochemical evaluation. The total phenolic content was determined using Folin–Ciocalteu reagent spectrophotometrically and calculated as gallic acid equivalent (GAE/g).

Results: The morphological studies revealed that BAE is yellowish-brown in color with a smooth texture and characteristic odor. Microscopical studies indicated the presence of cork, cortex with a group of stone cells in BAE with secondary phloem region. Prismatic and acicular raphides calcium oxalate crystals were observed. The total ash value of BAE was found to be 8.95%. Bark powder was successively extracted in Soxhlet extractor using solvents from low polarity to high polarity such as petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol. Alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, triterpenoids, carbohydrates, and flavonoids are present when the preliminary phytochemical investigation was done. The total phenolic content in BAE was found to be 9.95 mg GAE/g.

Conclusion: The results obtained from the study provide information for proper identification and standardization of plant.
DISSOLUTION KINETICS OF PARTIALLY PURIFIED BROMELAIN FROM PINEAPPLE CORES (ANANAS COMOSUS [L.] MERR.) ENCAPSULATED IN GLUTARALDEHYDE-CROSSLINKED ALGINATE-GUAR GUM
Authors: JULIANO FAKHRIAN , PRABOWO HEGI ADI , BUDIANTO EMIL , SETIASIH SISWATI , HUDIYONO SUMI
Published: March 2020

Objective: Bromelain is susceptible to low pH and thus must be encapsulated in glutaraldehyde-crosslinked alginate-guar gum (Alg-GG) hydrogels to avoid bromelain activity degradation in the stomach.

Methods: Isolated crude bromelain was purified through ammonium sulfate precipitation, sodium benzoate precipitation, and dialysis. Bromelain-loaded Alg-GG was dissolved in artificial gastric fluid and intestinal environment.

Results: The bromelain fractions showed a higher specific activity (U/mg) than the crude enzyme (51.32), as follows ammonium sulfate fraction (267.70±4.67), sodium benzoate fraction (115.63±3.35), and dialysis fraction (332.22). The dialysis fraction was encapsulated in Alg-GG hydrogel containing 0.75% (v/v) glutaraldehyde through the post-loading method. The swelling ratios of the hydrogel are 188.43% at pH 1.2 and 563.83% at pH 7.4. The highest encapsulation efficiency is 72.2%. The maximum bromelain concentration released during dissolution is higher in artificial intestinal environment (1.97 mg/L) than in artificial gastric fluid (0.18 mg/L), and the maximum proteolytic activities are 1.3 and 0.15 U/mL, respectively. Data were incorporated into the zero-order, first-order, Higuchi, and Korsmeyer–Peppas models to determine the kinetics and mechanism of bromelain dissolution. All bromelain concentrations (70, 140, and 210 ppm) follow the Korsmeyer–Peppas model. The dissolution mechanism is a combination of diffusion and erosion. Both the dialysis fraction (56.59%) and the dissolution product (47.45%) showed a good in vitro antiplatelet activity.

Conclusion: The present data show the promise of Alg-GG encapsulation as a vehicle for orally administered therapeutic enzymes.
TAMARINDUS INDICA L. (FABACEAE): EXTENT OF EXPLORED USE IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE
Authors: VUYYALA BALAKRISHNA , KUMAR D SENTHIL , LAKSHMI THAKKALAPALLY
Published: March 2020

Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) belongs to the family of Fabaceae (Leguminosae), subfamily Caesalpinioideae, is a very important food within the tropics. Medicinal plants are the rear bone of traditional medicine (TM). TM is vital in tropical countries: Contrary to pharmaceuticals, pharmacological, and pharmacotherapy. T. indica is employed as TM in India, Africa, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nigeria, and most of the tropical countries. It is used traditionally in abdominal pain, diarrhea and dysentery, helminths infections, wound healing, malaria and fever, constipation, inflammation, cell cytotoxicity, gonorrhea, and eye diseases. It is numerous chemical values and is rich in phytochemicals, and hence, the plant is reported to possess antidiabetic activity, antimicrobial activity, antivenomic activity, antioxidant activity, antimalarial activity, hepatoprotective activity, antiasthmatic activity, laxative activity, and antihyperlipidemic activity. Thus, the aim of the present review demonstrates the plant contains in leaves, seeds, roots, pulp, fruits, and flowers an excellent sort of bioactive substances that have beneficial effects on human health and therefore the possibility of application in various tropical, pharmaceutical, and industrial sectors.
CLINICAL STUDIES TO EVALUATE PEROXIDATIVE STRESS AND ANTIOXIDANT COMPLEMENT IN LIVER CANCER IN INDIAN AND HUNGARIAN SUBJECTS
Authors: KUMAR SAMAR RAJENDRA , SUMAN JAIN , SONAL SOGANI
Published: March 2020

Objective: Liver cancer is the leading cause of death due to malignancies all over the world. Free radical-induced oxidative stress extent can be provoked by antioxidant mechanisms decreased efficiency. The present study was carried out to investigate the extent of oxidative stress and the levels of antioxidants in the circulation of patients with liver cancer.

Methods: Plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and level of some antioxidant enzymes as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and GSH be determined in the circulations of 100 Indian and Hungarian patients with liver cancer and an equal number of age-matched normal subjects.

Results: Significantly increased concentrations of TBARS plasma levels and significantly lowered levels of SOD, CAT, GSH, and GSH-Px were observed in patients with liver cancer which may have occurred due to increased use to scavenge lipids peroxides as well as their sequestration by tumor cells. Increased lipid peroxidation in liver was seen which may be due to excessive oxidative stress. Comparison between Indians and Hungarians subjects revealed 200% increased malondialdehyde levels in Hungarian male patients as compared to Indian male patients. SOD was found to decrease in Indian subjects whereas CAT (20%) higher, GSH (25–35%) less decrease GSH-Px (5%) more decrease in Hungarians patients compared to Indian patients.
EFFECTS AND UNDERLYING MECHANISM OF 5-LIPOXYGENASE INHIBITOR (ZILEUTON) ON MICE DEPRESSIVE-LIKE BEHAVIOR
Authors: PANIGRAHI SAPTARSHI , SURAI SOMNATH , HONG HAO
Published: March 2020

Objective: Treatment experiment was conducted to investigate the effectiveness and mechanism of the action of zileuton in corticosteroid-induced depressive mice model through neuroinflammation.

Methods: The mice were randomly separated into four groups: (Veh+Veh), (Corticosteroid+Veh), (Corticosteroid+ZIL50), and (Corticosteroid+ZIL100). Intraperitoneal injection of corticosterone (CORT) (20 mg/kg for 6 weeks) was used in the mice to induce depression and neuroinflammation diverse from the Veh+Veh group, which was injected only physiological saline. The drug-treated groups (Corticosteroid+ZIL50 and Corticosteroid+ZIL100) were orally administered with the mentioned doses of zileuton. After confirming the effectiveness of zileuton through the behavioral tests, the mechanism of the action of the drug was explored through a set of biochemical assays.

Results: Zileuton (50/100 mg/kg) administration improved the performance of the mice in the behavioral experiments (p<0.05 or 0.01). Immunohistochemistry detection of Iba1+ revealed over activation of microglial cells in the corticosteroid-treated mice which was suppressed by the zileuton (50 or 100 mg/kg [p<0.05 or 0.01]). Through Western blotting tests, it had been found that CORT (i.p.) administration led to the increment of the protein 5-Lipoxygenase in the mouse hippocampus associated with neuroinflammation, which was decreased significantly by zileuton (p<0.05 or 0.01). Level of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta, nuclear factor kappa B p65 protein (for neuroinflammation), Bax, and cleaved caspase-3 and TUNEL assay increased, and Bcl-2 expression decreased in the CORT-induced depressive mice. These were significantly reversed by zileuton (50 or 100 mg/kg [p<0.05 or 0.01]).

Conclusion: It can be concluded that selective 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor zileuton can efficiently inhibit the depressive-like behavior/activity in CORT-induced depressive mouse model. Moreover, the underlying mechanism may be the inhibition of hippocampal neuroinflammation and apoptosis.
Hacia un equilibrio de la ética y la negociación
Authors: Tarrés María Luisa
Published: March 2020

Hacia un equilibrio de la ética y la negociación
La ley y las finalidades (imprevistas) de las mujeres
Authors: Grazia Campari María , Gargallo Francesca
Published: March 2020

La ley y las finalidades (imprevistas) de las mujeres
Si el sexo se vuelve cabildeo: opciones y significados diversos de la representación
Authors: Zuffa Grazia , Gargallo Francesca
Published: March 2020

Si el sexo se vuelve cabildeo: opciones y significados diversos de la representación
Despedida no te doy
Authors: Mendoza María Luisa
Published: March 2020

Despedida no te doy
¿Con qué sueñan las mujeres?
Authors: Lazcano Araujo Antonio
Published: March 2020

¿Con qué sueñan las mujeres?
Ya se me quitó la vergüenza y la cobardía: una plática con Gloria Anzaldúa
Authors: Joysmith Claire
Published: March 2020

Ya se me quitó la vergüenza y la cobardía: una plática con Gloria Anzaldúa
To marry or not to marry: is that the question?
Authors: Alvarez Enid
Published: March 2020

To marry or not to marry: is that the question?
Interrogantes, dudas y prevenciones sobre las cuotas: una plática con Antonio Camou y Fernando Escalante
Authors: Martínez Alicia , Tarrés María Luisa , Lamas Marta
Published: March 2020

Interrogantes, dudas y prevenciones sobre las cuotas: una plática con Antonio Camou y Fernando Escalante
Mujeres y política: ¿ciudadanas de una democracia radical?
Authors: Camou Antonio
Published: March 2020

Mujeres y política: ¿ciudadanas de una democracia radical?
Exposición sobre el libro de Nelly Richard
Authors: Hoppenheim Martín
Published: March 2020

Exposición sobre el libro de Nelly Richard
Carta a Malintzin
Authors: Bernal Gloria Elena , Razo Ursula
Published: March 2020

Carta a Malintzin
Mujeres, goces y ética
Authors: Aguilar Rivero Mariflor
Published: March 2020

Mujeres, goces y ética
Cuerpo: diferencia sexual y género
Authors: Lamas Marta
Published: March 2020

Cuerpo: diferencia sexual y género
Ciudadanía con cara feminista
Authors: G. Dietz Mary , Mejía Tapias Eduardo
Published: March 2020

Ciudadanía con cara feminista
No ser una víctima: el sexo, la violación y el problema de obedecer las normas
Authors: Gaitskill Mary , Golubov Nattie , Constantino Julia
Published: March 2020

No ser una víctima: el sexo, la violación y el problema de obedecer las normas
Maricrónica de un viaje al arcoiris
Authors: Lizarraga Cruchaga Xabier
Published: March 2020

Maricrónica de un viaje al arcoiris
La homosexualidad a debate
Authors: Torres Arias María Antonieta
Published: March 2020

La homosexualidad a debate
Cuerpo y política
Authors: Rodríguez Jesusa
Published: March 2020

Cuerpo y política
El cine gay, a 25 años de Stonewall
Authors: Bonfil Carlos
Published: March 2020

El cine gay, a 25 años de Stonewall
Índice de temas
Authors: Feminista Debate
Published: March 2020

Índice de temas
Invitación a la violencia: la evidencia
Authors: Christensen F. M.
Published: March 2020

Invitación a la violencia: la evidencia
Ello es el lugar en donde me pongo
Authors: Álvarez Enid
Published: March 2020

Ello es el lugar en donde me pongo
El desplazamiento y el discurso de la mujer
Authors: Chakravorty Spivak Gayatri , Golubov Nattie , Constantino Julia
Published: March 2020

El desplazamiento y el discurso de la mujer
Otro tipo de lógica
Authors: Beck Barbara , Krause-Kerruth Evelyn , Zapata Martha
Published: March 2020

Otro tipo de lógica
De ida y vuelta siete veces
Authors: Mercado Tununa
Published: March 2020

De ida y vuelta siete veces
Freud y la censura a dos voces I
Authors: Vericat Isabel
Published: March 2020

Freud y la censura a dos voces
Mujer y marginalidad
Authors: Suárez Estela
Published: March 2020

Mujer y marginalidad
El 68 en la memoria
Authors: Mansour Mónica
Published: March 2020

El 68 en la memoria
Qué fue y qué nos dejó el 68
Authors: Galindo Carmen
Published: March 2020

Qué fue y qué nos dejó el 68
Documento pastoral sobre el aborto
Authors: García Ruiz Samuel
Published: March 2020

Documento pastoral sobre el aborto
El rescate del pasado homosexual
Authors: Brito Alejandro
Published: March 2020

El rescate del pasado homosexual
La moralidad como orden
Authors: Rojas Rafael
Published: March 2020

La moralidad como orden
Otro adiós sin Dios
Authors: Felipe Liliana
Published: March 2020

Otro adiós sin Dios
Las investigaciones sobre bisexualidad en México
Authors: Liguori Ana Luisa
Published: March 2020

Las investigaciones sobre bisexualidad en México
Ortodoxia y heterodoxia en las alcobas: (hacia una crónica de costumbres y creencias sexuales en México)
Authors: Monsiváis Carlos
Published: March 2020

Ortodoxia y heterodoxia en las alcobas: (hacia una crónica de costumbres y creencias sexuales en México)
La vida boca arriba
Authors: Hurtado Joaquín
Published: March 2020

La vida boca arriba
Madame Bovary y la soberanía nacional
Authors: Glantz Margo
Published: March 2020

Madame Bovary y la soberanía nacional
A nadie
Authors: Felipe Liliana , Rodríguez Jesusa
Published: March 2020

A nadie