bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dissonant relationships to biological parents and stepparents and the well-being of adult children
Authors: Hornstra Maaike , Kalmijn Matthijs , Ivanova Katya
Published: August 2021

We examined the importance of adult children’s ties with biological parents and stepparents for well-being in adulthood. We particularly focused on situations in which adult children are not close with the new partner of their biological parent, their stepparent. Following balance theory, it is straining to be in an unbalanced pattern (i.e., close to biological parent, not close to stepparent). Firstly, we studied how many adults are close to their biological parent only (dissonance), to both the biological parent and stepparent (positive consonance), or to neither parent in the stepfamily household (negative consonance). Secondly, we examined if the ties to biological parents and stepparents - as well as, the patterns between the two ties - were associated with the subjective well-being of the adult child. The OKiN data was used, which includes N = 1,477 adults with a stepfather and N = 1,274 adults with a stepmother. OLS regression models suggested that parent-child ties were important for depression and loneliness in adulthood, although associations with stepmother-child ties were insignificant. Moreover, the prevalence of dissonant ties was low, but the consequences for depression and loneliness were considerable. A distant or conflictual stepparent-child tie attenuated the benefits of having a close tie with the biological parent. Consequently, adult children in dissonant patterns are not necessarily better off in terms of well-being than those in negative consonant patterns.
Antecedents to firm performance during re-internationalization
Authors: Ali Salman , Mathur Ajeet N , Jaiswal Anand Kumar
Published: August 2021

There is a paucity of research on re-internationalization, where firms re-enter international operations after complete withdrawal from previous international operations. The extant literature is largely silent on what drives firm performance during re-internationalization. We conducted an empirical investigation of re-internationalized enterprises from India to identify key antecedents to firm performance during the re-internationalization phase. Data analysis using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) indicates that initial internationalization experiences, presence of dynamic capabilities, and organizational commitment to internationalization positively contribute to re-internationalization performance. The findings have implications for firm strategies, organization systems, managerial attention to knowledge management, policies supporting subventions, and for future research into de-internationalization and re-internationalization.

JEL Classification: F23
The 25-Item Ontario Child Health Study Emotional Behavioural Scales-Brief Version (OCHS-EBS-B): Test-Retest Reliability and Construct Validity When Used as Categorical Measures
Authors: Boyle Michael H. , Duncan Laura , Wang Li , Georgiades Katholiki
Published: August 2021

Objective

Child and youth mental health problems are often assessed by parent self-completed checklists that produce dimensional scale scores. When converted to binary ratings of disorder, little is known about their psychometric properties in relation to classifications based on lay-administered structured diagnostic interviews. In addition to estimating agreement, our objective is to test for statistical equivalence in the test-retest reliability and construct validity of two instruments used to classify child emotional, behavioural, and attentional disorders: the 25-item, parent completed Ontario Child Health Study Emotional Behavioural Scales-Brief Version (OCHS-EBS-B) and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents-parent version (MINI-KID-P).

Methods

This study draws on independent samples ( n = 452) and uses the confidence interval approach to test for statistical equivalence. Reliability is based on kappa (κ). Construct validity is based on standardized beta coefficients (β) estimated in structural equation models.

Results

The average differences between the MINI-KID-P and OCHS-EBS-B in κ and β were −0.022 and −0.020, respectively. However, in both instances, criteria for statistical equivalence were met in only 5 of 12 comparisons. Based on κ, between-instrument agreement on the classifications of disorder went from 0.481 (attentional disorder) to 0.721 (emotional disorder) but were substantially higher (0.731 to 0.895, respectively) when corrected for attenuation due to measurement error.

Conclusions

Although falling short of equivalence, the results suggest on balance that the reliability and validity of the two instruments for classifying child psychiatric disorder assessed by parents are highly comparable. This conclusion is supported by the high levels of agreement between the instruments after correcting for attenuation due to measurement error.
Parametric height influence analysis on thermal radiation and convection applied to real ovens
Authors: Verdério Júnior Sílvio Aparecido , Scalon Vicente Luiz , Oliveira Santiago del Rio , Avallone Elson , Mioralli Paulo César , Gonçalves Daniel da Motta
Published: August 2021

Due to their greater flexibility in heating and high productivity, continuous tunnel-type ovens have become the best option for industrial processes. The geometric optimization of ovens to better take advantage of the heat transfer mechanisms by convection and thermal radiation is increasingly researched; with the search for designs that combine lower fuel consumption, greater efficiency and competitiveness, and lower costs. In this sense, this work studied the influence of height on heat exchanges by radiation and convection and other flow parameters to define the best geometric height for the real oven under study. From the dimensions and real operating conditions of continuous tunnel-type ovens were built five numerical models of parametric variation, which were simulated with the free and open-source software OpenFOAM®. The turbulent forced convection regime was characterized in all models. The use of greater heights in the ovens increased and intensified the recirculation regions, reduced the rates of heat transfer by thermal radiation, and reduced the losses of heat by convection. The order of magnitude of heat exchanges by radiation proved to be much higher than heat exchanges by convection, confirming the results of the main references in the technical-scientific literature. It was concluded that the use of ovens with a lower height provides significant increases in the thermal radiation heat transfer rates.
3D processing map and high-temperature deformation behaviour of Fe–0.13P–0.05C–0.015N steel
Authors: Mehta Yashwant , Rajput S. K.
Published: August 2021

Steels alloyed with high phosphorus should be developed for those applications where both strength and corrosion resistance are required. Structural steels such as rebars are manufactured using high-temperature deformation. Hence, thermo-mechanical behaviour of Fe-0.13P-0.05C -0.015N steel is considered using high temperature compression experiments after austenitization at 1050 °C for 10 s. The temperatures selected were between 750 and 1050 °C and at intervals of 50 °C. The rates of strain varied from 0.001 to 10 s−1. Microstructural evolution was studied with the help of optical and scanning electron microscopy. Modified dynamic materials model is used to draw a processing map. The processing map helps in determining the domains which are safe for hot working. This alloy steel can be safely processed in the area confined by the rates of strain between 1 and 10 s−1 as well as the temperature interval of 900 to 1000 °C.
Ozone-aerosol and land use reversed temperature increase over some northern mid-latitude regions between the 20th century and the Little Ice Age based on the CESM-LME
Authors: Miao Jiapeng , Wang Tao , Jiang Dabang
Published: August 2021

Global warming is a widely concerned topic, and the surface temperature has shown an accelerated warming trend during the past several decades. From the perspective of a longer time scale, the 20th century (1900–2000) could be the warmest period in the last millennium, and the global or hemispheric averaged temperature over this period is higher than that over other centuries, particularly compared with that over the Little Ice Age (LIA; 1450–1850). However, we recently found that, in the reconstruction, the 20th-century temperature over some northern mid-latitude regions could be significantly lower than that during the LIA, which contradicts our previous perceptions regarding global warming. Modeling results from the Last Millennium Ensemble Project also reproduce a similar phenomenon, that is, the 20th-century cooling over some northern mid-latitude regions (CNMR). The simulated CNMR can be found in all four seasons. Further analysis indicates that the cooling effects from ozone-aerosol and land use forcings, overcoming greenhouse gas and solar forcing induced warming, play dominant roles in causing the CNMR. The ozone-aerosol forcing reduces the surface net shortwave flux through both direct aerosol–radiation interaction and atmosphere–cloud feedback, while the land use forcing causes negative net shortwave flux anomalies through modulation of surface albedo. Overall, the ozone-aerosol and land use forcings shape the CNMR phenomenon by inducing anomalous surface net shortwave flux, with the ozone-aerosol forcing playing a dominant role. This study highlights the important influences of ozone-aerosol and land use cooling effects on local climate.
Benzo[a]pyrene aggravates atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in mice
Authors: Yanagisawa Rie , Koike Eiko , Takano Hirohisa
Published: August 2021

Background: Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) affects the immune system and causes mutagenic and carcinogenic effects. Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the effects of systemic exposure to BaP on mite allergen–induced atopic dermatitis (AD)–like skin lesions in mice. Methods: Mite allergen ( Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus; Dp) was injected intradermally into the right ears of NC/Nga male mice on eight occasions every 2–3 days. Benzo[a]pyrene was administered intraperitoneally in the equivalent doses of 0, 2, 20, 200, or 2000 μg/kg/day, once a week on four occasions. Results: AD-like skin inflammation related to mite allergen worsened by BaP exposure at 2, 20 µg/kg/day doses; this was in parallel with eosinophil and mast cell infiltration and mast cell degranulation. A trend was also observed toward increased proinflammatory molecule expression, including macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, and IL-18, in the ear tissue. However, 200 or 2000 µg/kg/day BaP attenuated the enhancing effects. In the regional lymph nodes, 2 µg/kg/day BaP with Dp enhanced antigen-presenting cell and T cell activation compared with Dp alone. Conclusions: This suggests that BaP exposure can aggravate Dp-induced AD-like skin lesions through TH2-biased responses in the inflamed sites and the activation of regional lymph nodes. Therefore, BaP may be responsible for the recent increase in AD incidence.
Effects of Visual Information and Argument Concreteness on Purchase Intention of Consumers Towards Online Hotel Booking
Authors: Shukla Anuja , Mishra Anubhav
Published: August 2021

Online consumer reviews impact the traveller’s decision to book hotel online. The study examines the role of visual information and argument concreteness on the credibility of reviews and consequently on purchase intention. The study examines the effect of trust and perceived risk as mediators on the relationship of review credibility and purchase intention. An online survey was conducted on 310 travellers above 18 years. The data was analysed using PLS-SEM. Travellers believed visual information and argument concreteness of review enhances the review credibility. Traveller’s purchase intentions were influenced by the credibility of reviews. This relationship was partially mediated by trust but not by perceived risk. The research suggests that the elaborate travel reviews with visual elements that describe the location and surroundings of the hotel are considered to be more credible and develop a positive intention towards booking the hotel.
Racial Democracy and Black Victimization in Brazil
Authors: Truzzi Bruno , Lirio Viviani S. , Cerqueira Daniel R. C. , Coelho Danilo S. C. , Cardoso Leonardo C. B.
Published: August 2021

The main objective of this study is to quantify racial victimization differential between Blacks and Whites in Brazil, focusing on homicides and physical assaults. Combining socioeconomic data from the Brazilian Household Survey with data from the Mortality Information System, we apply the Oaxaca–Blinder decomposition to isolate the racial discrimination component from the social indicators correlated with homicides and physical assaults. Findings indicate that only part of the victimization differential between Blacks and Whites is explained by structural attributes. A significant portion of this differential (at least 40%) for both homicides and physical assaults persists as evidence of racial discrimination. In addition, both for homicides and physical assaults, a more discriminatory scenario is observed in the North and Northeast regions of Brazil, regions historically characterized by higher social inequalities and violent mortality.
Caregiver Support in Mental Health Recovery: A Critical Realist Qualitative Research
Authors: Lauzier-Jobin François , Houle Janie
Published: August 2021

Support from caregivers is an important element of mental health recovery. However, the mechanisms by which social support influences the recovery of persons with depressive, anxiety, or bipolar disorders are less understood. In this study, we describe the social support mechanisms that influence mental health recovery. A cross-sectional qualitative study was undertaken in Québec (Canada) with 15 persons in recovery and 15 caregivers—those having played the most significant role in their recovery. A deductive thematic analysis allowed for the identification and description of different mechanisms through a triangulation of perspectives from different actors. Regarding classic social support functions, several of the support mechanisms for mental health recovery were identified (emotional support, companionship, instrumental support, and validation). However, informational support was not mentioned. New mechanisms were also identified: presence, communication, and influence. Social support mechanisms evoke a model containing a hierarchy as well as links among them.
Organized Physical Activity Program Participation, Physical Activity, and Related Psychosocial Factors Among Urban Adolescents
Authors: Robbins Lorraine B. , Ling Jiying , Chang Mei-Wei
Published: August 2021

The study purpose was to examine whether adolescents who participated in organized physical activity (PA) programs differed from nonparticipants in motivation, social support, and self-efficacy related to PA; PA (min/hr); and sedentary screen time behavior. Thirty-nine 5th–7th grade adolescents participated in organized PA programs; 41 did not. Approximately 56.3% were Black, and 52.5% had annual family incomes <$20,000. Compared to nonparticipants, those who participated reported significantly higher social support ( M = 2.32 vs. 3.13, p < .001) and fewer hours watching television or movies on a usual weekend day ( M = 2.49 vs. 1.59, p = .016); and had higher accelerometer-measured vigorous PA ( M = 0.58 vs. 1.04, p = .009) and moderate-to-vigorous PA ( M = 2.48 vs. 3.45, p = .035). Involving adolescents in organized PA programs may be important for improving their moderate-to-vigorous PA, vigorous PA, and related psychosocial factors, as well as reducing sedentary screen time behavior.
Heparin Monitoring with an Anti-Xa Protocol Compared to Activated Clotting Time in Patients on Temporary Mechanical Circulatory Support
Authors: Feih Joel T. , Wallskog Kirsten E. , Rinka Joseph R. G. , Juul Janelle J. , Rein Lisa , Gaglianello Nunzio , Baumann Kreuziger Lisa M. , Joyce David L. , Tawil Justin N.
Published: August 2021

Background:

Temporary mechanical circulatory support (tMCS) devices are used for patients with severe cardiac or respiratory failure; however, these patients are at high risk for clotting and bleeding. The best method to monitor heparin in these patients has not been established.

Objective:

To determine the risks for bleeding and clotting while monitoring heparin with either anti-Xa or activated clotting time (ACT) in tMCS patients.

Methods:

A retrospective cohort study was conducted on tMCS patients who received heparin adjusted according to an anti-Xa or ACT protocol. The primary outcome was incidence of major bleeding. Pertinent secondary outcomes were individual components of the primary outcome, clotting events, and time to therapeutic range.

Results:

There were 103 patients included in the study: 53 in the ACT group and 50 in the anti-Xa group. Overall, there were 30 (56.6%) patients with major bleeding in the ACT group, compared with 16 (32%) patients in the anti-Xa group ( P = 0.017). An anti-Xa–based protocol was associated with a decreased hazard of major bleeding (hazard ratio = 0.388 [0.215-0.701]; P = 0.002) in the univariate analysis. In the multivariable analysis, an anti-Xa protocol remained associated with a significantly lower hazard of bleeding. Findings were similar when broken down into more discrete subgroups of the entire cohort, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation life support (ECMO), and non-ECMO groups.

Conclusion and Relevance:

Anti-Xa monitoring was associated with a lower hazard of bleeding during tMCS compared to an ACT-based protocol. Further studies should evaluate if anti-Xa monitoring should be preferentially used in tMCS.
Ozanimod: A First-in-Class Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptor Modulator for the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Choi David , Stewart Alyssa P. , Bhat Shubha
Published: August 2021

Objective

To review the pharmacological and clinical profile of ozanimod in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC).

Data Sources

A PubMed search was conducted from inception to July 2021 using the keywords ozanimod, ulcerative colitis, and sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator. Information was also extracted from published abstracts and the package insert.

Study Selection and Data Extraction

Phase 2 and 3 studies and relevant literature on ozanimod pharmacological and clinical profiles were reviewed.

Data Synthesis

Ozanimod approval was based on True North, a phase 3 trial evaluating ozanimod’s efficacy and safety in the treatment of moderate to severe UC. Compared with placebo, ozanimod led to clinical remission in a significantly higher proportion of patients in both the induction and maintenance phase. Additionally, for secondary end points of clinical response, endoscopic improvement, corticosteroid-free remission, and mucosal healing, ozanimod performed significantly better than placebo. Common adverse events included infections, headaches, hypertension, bradycardia, and liver enzyme elevations.

Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice

Ozanimod is the first sphingosine 1-phosphate modulator to be approved for UC and is administered orally. Its efficacy profile is comparable with other UC medications. However, its safety profile is unique, requiring extensive assessments prior to initiation of and during treatment. Thus, it is unclear how ozanimod will be positioned in UC treatment.

Conclusion

Ozanimod is another option in the growing arsenal of UC treatment. Although it offers a novel mechanism of action and is administered orally, there are important safety, dosing, and pharmacokinetic factors to consider prior to initiation and use.
The Reaffirmation of Self? Narrative Inquiry for Researching Violence Against Women and Stigma
Authors: Ballantine Carol
Published: August 2021

Stigma presents specific ethical and epistemological problems for qualitative researchers of violence against women. Narrative research methods promise to enable ethical research on violence while still offering deep insight into stigmatized topics. This article describes narrative methods used in six focus group discussions and four in-depth interviews with victim-survivors of violence against women, all African migrant women living in Ireland. The article connects narrative and stigma in research with the social lives of participants. It concludes with specific recommendations for creative uses of narrative inquiry to explore stigmatized themes, noting that stigma can never be entirely removed from the research encounter.
Which hip morphology measures and patient factors are associated with age of onset and symptom severity in femoroacetabular impingement syndrome?
Authors: Murphy Nicholas J , Diamond Laura E , Bennell Kim L , Burns Alexander , Dickenson Edward , Eyles Jillian , Fary Camdon , Grieve Stuart M , Griffin Damian R , Kim Young Jo , Linklater James M , Lloyd David G , Molnar Robert , O’Connell Rachel L , O’Donnell John , Randhawa Sunny , J Singh Parminder , Spiers Libby , Tran Phong , Wrigley Tim , Hunter David J
Published: August 2021

Background:

Bony morphology is central to the pathomechanism of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS), however isolated radiographic measures poorly predict symptom onset and severity. More comprehensive morphology measurement considered together with patient factors may better predict symptom presentation. This study aimed to determine the morphological parameter(s) and patient factor(s) associated with symptom age of onset and severity in FAIS.

Methods:

99 participants (age 32.9 ± 10.5 years; body mass index (BMI 24.3 ± 3.1 kg/m2; 42% females) diagnosed with FAIS received standardised plain radiographs and magnetic resonance scans. Alpha angle in four radial planes (superior to anterior), acetabular version (AV), femoral torsion, lateral centre-edge, anterior centre-edge (ACEA) and femoral neck-shaft angles were measured. Age of symptom onset (age at presentation minus duration of symptoms), international Hip Outcome Tool-33 (iHOT-33) and modified UCLA activity scores were recorded. Backward stepwise regression assessed morphological parameters and patient factors (age, sex, BMI, symptom duration, annual income, private/public healthcare system accessed) to determine variables independently associated with onset age and iHOT-33 score.

Results:

Earlier symptom onset was associated with larger superoanterior alpha angle ( p = 0.007), smaller AV ( p = 0.023), lower BMI ( p = 0.010) and public healthcare system access ( p = 0.041) (r2 = 0.320). Worse iHOT-33 score was associated with smaller ACEA ( p = 0.034), female sex ( p = 0.040), worse modified UCLA activity score ( p = 0.010) and public healthcare system access ( p < 0.001) (r2 = 0.340).

Conclusions:

Age of symptom onset was chiefly predicted by femoral and acetabular bony morphology measures, whereas symptom severity predominantly by patient factors. Factors measured explained a small amount of variance in the data; additional unmeasured factors may be more influential.
The impact of hurricane strikes on cruise ship and airplane tourist arrivals in the Caribbean
Authors: Carballo Chanfón Pablo , Mohan Preeya , Strobl Eric , Tveit Thomas
Published: August 2021

We investigate the impact of hurricanes on airplane and cruise ship arrivals in the Caribbean. To this end, we construct a monthly panel of airline and cruise ship arrivals and hurricane destruction and employ a panel vector autoregressive model with an exogenous shock (VARX) to quantify the dynamic effects of tourist arrivals after a hurricane for 18 Caribbean countries over the period 2000–2013. The results suggest an immediate decline in the month of a strike and up to one month after on cruise ship (2.33 and 1.21 percentage points) and airplane (0.57 and 0.27 percentage points) arrivals. Moreover, a strong recovery in airplane arrivals in months 3–6 following a hurricane was sufficient to induce a net positive effect of around 2 percentage points of total tourist arrivals into the region.
Surviving the Anthropocene: How evaluation can contribute to knowledge and better policymaking
Authors: Uitto Juha I.
Published: August 2021

We live in the Anthropocene in which human impact on Earth is the dominant force. At the same time, humans are very much part of the ecosystem. This close interdependency is brought home by the COVID-19 pandemic as well as by anthropogenic climate change. Ecosystem health and human health are closely interlinked. Transformational change is required to avoid further catastrophes caused by the three environmental crises that human actions have caused: climate crisis; nature crisis; and pollution and waste crisis. Evaluation can contribute to finding durable solutions based on sound science and experiences from the field, but to do so evaluation must broaden its vision. Theory-based approaches will remain central, but they must be open to the full human and natural systems in which the intervention that is the evaluand operates. Evaluations must also pay attention to unintended consequences of all interventions to the environment, to social and power relations, to women, indigenous peoples and vulnerable groups. I identify three principles for evaluation in the Anthropocene, at the nexus of human and natural systems, and illustrate them using examples from evaluations from the Global Environment Facility: (a) integrating human and natural systems; (b) geographical approaches; and (c) addressing the drivers.
Clarifying realist analytic and interdisciplinary consensus processes in a complex health intervention: A worked example of Judgemental Rationality in action
Authors: Rybczynska-Bunt Sarah , Weston Lauren , Byng Richard , Stirzaker Alex , Lennox Charlotte , Pearson Mark , Brand Sarah , Maguire Mike , Durcan Graham , Graham Jonathan , Leonard Sarah , Shaw Jenny , Kirkpatrick Tim , Owens Christabel , Quinn Cath
Published: August 2021

Judgemental rationality is infrequently referenced within discussions of Realist Evaluations. Judgemental rationality refers to researchers’ capacity to assess which, potential, meanings provide the most credible explanations. In evaluation work, rationale for analysis is provided, though rarely do we see how an evaluator made judgements between competing theories, and which theories were discarded and why. We provide a worked example of the application of judgemental rationality. The Engager intervention offered support to prison leavers with common mental health problems. The data for 24, purposively sampled, participants from the intervention arm of the trial were integrated. Bhaskar’s DREIC, a five-step analytical procedure, was used to transfactually theorise and interrogate the inferences made within, and across, cases. The findings demonstrated that the intervention was more effective when practitioners developed an in-depth understanding of the participant. We recommend that intervention developers look for ways to enhance therapeutic competencies and judgemental rationality in practitioner teams.
Music therapy in invasive cardiac procedures: Expanded perspective
Authors: Blichfeldt-Ærø Stine Camilla , Halvorsen Sigrun , Trondalen Gro
Published: August 2021

There is a need for more research on the effect and practical application of music therapy in perioperative settings. With this in mind, a randomized controlled trial was performed to evaluate the stress-regulatory effects of a specific music therapy intervention on patients ( n = 64) during cardiac device lead extraction procedures. This article presents a supplementary analysis of the randomized controlled trial to expand the perspective on the impact of the music therapy intervention related to patient anxiety and self-reported experiences. In this substudy, we analysed patients’ self-reported numeric-rated anxiety levels in relation to time and subgroups. The results were further illuminated through scores of the patients’ satisfaction with the music therapy intervention, and qualitative written patient reflections. Descriptive statistical analyses were used, and a supplementary content analysis addressed the written patient material. Results showed that levels of anxiety varied over time in all subgroups. Across different timeline profiles, most patients reported the highest anxiety levels preoperatively and the lowest postoperatively. Independent of anxiety levels, the patients reported positive experiences with music therapy related to coping with the procedure, wellbeing and satisfaction, expressed within the following four categories: (1) bodily sensations of wellbeing, (2) positive feelings, (3) presence of mind and (4) useful intervention elements.
Cross-cultural differences in user-centred research: An international living lab survey
Authors: De Witte Nele A.J. , Adriaensen Ingrid , Broeckx Leen , Van Der Auwera Vicky , Van Daele Tom
Published: August 2021

Digital health applications and interactive technologies increasingly allow organisations to transcend national boundaries and expand the provision of tools and services to communities across the world. Making the transfer beyond the context in which applications were originally conceptualized is challenging, as these have to be tailored towards local end-user needs and regulations. Such information is not always readily available, which risks successful uptake in novel settings. Living labs help to bridge this gap, by performing user experience research and supporting user-centred design for cross-border projects. Dissimilarities in recruitment and participation of end users could however influence study outcomes. Therefore, this study explores to what extent living labs are aware of potential cross-cultural differences. The sample consists of 36 living labs from 20 countries, most focusing on health and care, the silver economy and information technology. Regional differences are reported on participants’ motivation and on the impact of gender, age, professional status and socio-economic status on participants’ contribution. Awareness of potential differences during recruitment and grouping and supporting equal contribution in sessions could improve the quality of user-centred research in international contexts, while still maintaining sufficient standardisation. Further research with larger international samples is needed to replicate and extend these findings.
Transnational familyhood in times of imposed separation: How the US-based Iranian students use ICTs to enact relationships with their parents after the Travel Ban
Authors: Badiei Bahareh , Popkova Anna
Published: August 2021

This study employs polymedia theory to analyze how Iranian students use information communication technologies (ICTs) to sustain relationships with their homeland-based parents under extended separation caused by the Travel Ban or Muslim Ban. The study draws on in-depth interviews to analyze the impact of the Ban on child-parent relationships in the context of the following three consequences of polymedia: sociality, power distribution, and emotional expression. Findings reveal that prolonged separation combined with how students and parents use ICTs shift the established cultural norms. Students use ICTs to represent their personas selectively and practice ambient concealing. The reversed asymmetry in relational power distribution grants them greater relationship control. Students also actively engage in dialogues with their parents to compensate for their absence. This study extends the existing research by examining how cultural norms influence the use of ICTs in distance relationships, and by turning attention to political factors exacerbating family separation.
On loyalty and betrayal in postwar social science, mainly in Chicago
Authors: Jaworski Gary D
Published: August 2021

This article examines the writings on loyalty and betrayal of sociologist Erving Goffman and political scientist Morton Grodzins. Both thinkers made unique contributions to the understanding of those topics while simultaneously offering critical appraisals of early Cold War America. Examining these writings in historical and intellectual context, and reading them against each other, reveals important elements of this work that are worthy of a fresh appreciation. Within this analysis, the article reflects on social criticism during treacherous times, from open resistance to subtle intellectual legerdemain.
Exploring 3D printing techniques for the hybrid fabrication of discrete topology optimized structures
Authors: Morales-Beltran Mauricio , Selamoğlu Berk , Çetin Kaan , Özdemir Halis Arda , Özbey Fulya
Published: August 2021

The application of topology optimization methods in architecture, while useful for conceptual design explorations, seems to be limited by the practical realization of continuum-type design outcomes. One way to overcome this limitation is setting up design and fabrication techniques, through which continuum domains become discrete structures. This study investigates to which extent discrete optimized systems can be built using a hybrid approach combining 3D printing and analogue fabrication techniques. The procedure is based on an algorithm in Grasshopper (Rhinoceros) that translates continuum topologies obtained in MATLAB into discrete systems, providing alternatives depending on the targeted volume fraction, the intended surface smoothness of the structural components and building material. The study focuses on fabrication aspects and structural performance of discrete structures using 3D printed nodes. Experimental tests evaluate the compressive strength of different types of filaments with varied infill percentages. Final prototypes are fabricated using a hybrid technique involving the use of 3D printed nodes to assemble bar-arrays comprising wooden members. Results provide a critical appraisal of the limitations and potentialities of 3D printing for hybrid fabrication of real scale structures.
Unpaid Tuition Balances at Community Colleges: An Exploratory Analysis Delinquent Tuition Debt and Graduation
Authors: Ison Matthew P.
Published: August 2021

The rising cost of higher education has led to increased tuition costs for students and their families, forcing more students to secure larger amounts of debt to finance their educational pursuits. Although scholars have explored how student loan debt accumulation influences higher education persistence and graduation, an unexplored area of higher education finance and debt is the relationship between unpaid tuition balances on community college student graduation. This analysis attempts to illuminate this gap by utilizing a unique institutional dataset with data from the National Student Clearinghouse to analyze the relationship between unpaid tuition balances and postsecondary graduation for community college students. Results suggest that having an outstanding tuition balance dramatically decreases the likelihood of graduation 3 years out from the unpaid balance. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.
Remembering Stefan Kesenne (1950–2021)
Authors: Peeters Thomas
Published: August 2021

Stefan Kesenne has died on June 21, 2021. Dr Kesenne was an emeritus professor at the University of Antwerp and the University of Leuven. He will be remembered as an inspiring, honest, and courageous man with strong ethical convictions. His groundbreaking research and unwavering support for the academic community will leave a permanent mark on the sports economics research landscape.
Can You Hear Me? Thinking Academic Collective Scenes as Intimate Spaces
Authors: Löytönen Teija
Published: August 2021

Inspired by Gilles Deleuze’s texts and writings, this article is an experiment toward thinking about academic “collective scenes” as “intimate spaces.” Baugh explained that for Deleuze experimentation involves encounters with the unknown without preconceptions about what these encounters should be or produce. Similarly, in this article, I begin the experiment without any particular directives or plans besides closely (or intimately) connecting and thinking with academia, and Deleuze; I am interested in investigating what (my) diverse encounters with/in academia prompt (in me) now when thinking and writing (about) academic collectives, disciplines, practices, people and spaces, and more. The aim of the experimentation is not to support or reject any specific forms of established and predefined academic attachments but to explore them, let them loose, to widen thought about what emerges with(in) academia, how we might also connect with(in) academia.
The combination of two natural medicines, Chuanxiong and Asarum: A review of the chemical constituents and pharmacological activities
Authors: Yang Qingcheng , Shen Fangli , Zhang Fengqin , Bai Xue , Zhang Yanru , Zhang Haizhu
Published: August 2021

Traditional Chinese medicine has been clinically used in China for many years, with experimental studies and clinical trials having demonstrated that it is safe and valid. Among many traditional natural medicines, Chuanxiong and Asarum have been proven to be effective in the treatment of relieving pain. Actually, as well as analgesic, they have common attributes, such as anti-inflammatory, cardiovascular benefits, and anticancer activities, with volatile oils being their major components. Furthermore, Chuanxiong and Asarum have been combined as drug pairs in the same prescription for thousands of years, with examples being Chuanxiong Chatiao San and Chuanxiongxixintang. More interestingly, their combination has better therapeutic effects on diseases than a single drug. After the combination of Chuanxiong and Asarum forms a blend, a series of changes take place in their chemical components, such as the contents of the main active ingredients, ferulic acid and ligustilide, increased significantly after this progress. At the same time, the pharmacological effects of the combination appearing to be more powerful, such as synergistic analgesic. This review focuses on the chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Chuanxiong, Asarum, and Chuanxiong Asarum compositions.
Email Newsletters: An Analysis of Content From Nine Top News Organizations
Authors: Seely Natalee , Spillman Mary
Published: August 2021

Email newsletters are increasingly popular delivery systems for legacy and digital-native news outlets. The newsletter embodies another level of gatekeeping, but little research has explored which stories make it through the email newsletter “gate” and into the subscriber's inbox. This content analysis of newsletter items ( N = 1,231) from select broadcast, cable, print, and digital-native news outlets provides a snapshot of the focus, subject matter, and style of daily newsletters. Newsletter subscribers generally are encouraged to link to the outlet's full-length online content on its website; however, not all outlets attempt to make personal connections with their newsletter readers. In general, the newsletters are largely filled with nationally focused stories on politics and government and mimic the style of their full-length counterparts.
Voxel-based map of the inter-arterial watershed zones in children
Authors: Barrera Christian A , Chacko Anith , Gonçalves Fabrício Guimarães , Thai Ngoc Jade , Andronikou Savvas
Published: August 2021

Purpose

To create a voxel-based map of the inter-arterial watershed derived from children who have sustained a hypoxic-ischemic injury involving this region at term.

Materials and methods

Patients 0–18 years of age diagnosed with a hypoxic-ischemic injury of the watershed on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were included. Two pediatric neuroradiologists segmented the lesions as visualized on the T2-weighted sequence. All lesion maps were normalized to a brain template and overlapped to create a frequency map in order to highlight the frequency of involvement of portions of the cortical watershed.

Results

A total of 47 patients (35 boys) were included in the final sample. Their mean age was 7.6 ± 3.6 years. The cortical watershed was successfully mapped. Three watershed regions were defined: the anterior, peri-Sylvian, and posterior watershed zones. The anterior and peri-Sylvian watershed zones are connected through the involvement of the middle frontal gyrus. The peri-Sylvian and the posterior watershed zones are connected through the involvement of the inferior parietal lobule, the posterior aspect of the superior temporal gyrus, and the angular gyrus with the occipital lobe. The temporal lobe and orbital part of the frontal lobe are largely spared in all patients.

Conclusion

A voxel-based lesion map of children with watershed hypoxic ischemic injury at term was created and three inter-arterial watershed zones defined: anterior, peri-Sylvian, and posterior watersheds.
Changing Configurations in the Portrayal of Doctors in Graphic Narratives: A Study of The Bad Doctor and The Lady Doctor
Authors: Venkatesan Sathyaraj , Ancy A. Livine
Published: August 2021

The figure of the doctor has always been surrounded by a heroic aura, warranted by the possession of hard-earned medical knowledge and the tenacious reliance on doctors’ ability to heal and emancipate from pain and suffering. However, recent literary and visual-cultural representations of doctors have unsettled the dominant and homogenized perception of physicians as heroes. Particularly, representations in mainstream books, popular media, and comics, which have predominantly offered unilaterally positive initial portrayals of doctors as superhuman figures, eventually provided people with more nuanced and realistic representations, disclosing the “undesirable and unprofessional attitudes” of physicians and their sufferings. Ian Williams’ graphic narratives The Bad Doctor (2014, Oxford: Myriad Editions) and The Lady Doctor (2019, Oxford: Myriad Editions) serve as a critical lens to reflect on the postmodern perspective of doctor as a “wounded healer” and illuminate the problematic view of physicians as heroes. Drawing instances from the aforementioned graphic narratives, this essay aims to provide a revisionary understanding of physicians from heroes to victims of larger-than-life forces such as bureaucracy and the demands of patients. The essay scrutinizes how the verbal-visual medium of comics facilitates the envisioning and enunciating of the troubled personal and professional lives of physicians and the complexities involved in the medical profession.
A Decision-Making Model Based on TOPSIS, WASPAS, and MULTIMOORA Methods for University Location Selection Problem
Authors: Miç Pınar , Antmen Z. Figen
Published: August 2021

With the growing population increase and following young population’s desire to study at the university, political authorities are supporting university and higher education investments, especially in the last 10 years. This situation has increased the number of universities considerably. Because a university will provide socioeconomic dynamism to both the development of the country and the region, choosing the right university location has become a significant problem nowadays. In line with this, this study is focused on supporting the new university location decision in a wide region in Turkey where currently the number of universities in the region is relatively low despite the high population density in the area. Alternative cities to be utilized in the study are determined particularly taking the demographic structure into consideration and various multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) techniques are applied. Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (WASPAS), and Multi-Objective Optimization on the Basis of Ratio Analysis (MOORA) are applied to a real case study. Related criteria and alternative locations are specified by consulting seven experts. Within the study, both the results of these methods are presented, and also sensitivity analyses are conducted to observe how sensitive the results are to the changes in the criteria weights. The results obtained are purposed to aid decision makers in this field.
Impact of Financial Literacy and Behavioural Biases on Investment Decision-making
Authors: Suresh G.
Published: August 2021

Investors’ financial literacy entails making sound investment decisions and the behavioural biases or irrational behaviour in decision-making that are collectively formed by heuristic bias, framing effect, cognitive illusions and herd mentality factors. The present study examines the combined impact of financial literacy and behavioural biases on investment decisions. A questionnaire was developed using Likert scaling technique to elicit study variables and collected data was analysed using SEM technique. The results showed that heuristic bias had a significant positive association with the creation of behavioural bias in decision-making. However, the framing effect, cognitive illusions and herd mentality have negative associations in the formation of behavioural biases. Further, investors often practice and follow heuristic biases rather than other irrational techniques for making investment decisions. Therefore, the financial literacy of individual investors has a significant impact on affecting stock market investment decisions.
Nonlinearity Between Economic Indicators and Indian Capital Market
Authors: Nautiyal Neeraj , Kandpal Vinay
Published: August 2021

The current work adds to the present research by exploring the asymmetric impact of gold prices, interest rates, oil prices and the currency exchange movements in the Indian equity market. The study considers the monthly price of interest rate, crude oil, USD versus INR, BSE Sensex closing value and the prices of gold. A non-linear method promoted by Shin et al. (2014) is applied to 27 years of data from 1990 to 2018 to examine short-term and long-term asymmetrical relationships. The empirical outcome revealed that the variables analysed have an asymmetrical influence on the equity index. Positive shocks on crude oil prices affect the stock index negatively, while gold price changes tend to generate a favourable effect on the stock indices in a short interval yet suggest the adverse impact in the long-run. A positive short and long-term reaction on the equity indices is seen due to the negative move in currency exchange. The results are essentially significant due to the commodities’ volatility pattern that plays a determining role to value derivatives and hedging instruments. The asymmetric relation of explanatory variables with stock index offers a superior understanding of the risky environment, especially in emerging financial markets.
Caste-Based Hate Crimes: Nepalese Conundrum
Authors: Atreya Alok , Nepal Samata
Published: August 2021

The constitution of the Federal Republic of Nepal assures equality of all Nepalese citizens regardless of gender, ethnicity and religion. There is a stringent law which recognizes all form of caste-based discrimination as a serious criminal offense. However, caste-based hate crimes including physical assaults and cold-blooded homicides are frequently the headlines of national dailies.