bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTASI TITIK KOORDINAT TENGAH KABUPATEN ATAU KOTA DALAM PERHITUNGAN JADWAL WAKTU SALAT
Authors: Ardliansyah Moelki Fahmi
Published: December 2017

Study literature of Islamic Astronomy in case prayer times, is less from getting specific attention. Furthermore, the schedule of prayer times is very complex. Such as its still being distributed in form converting one to another area. It should be computed based on each district or city. Appearing new case that is coordinates point data (latitude and longitude) where used as center point computations. This thesis is researched the effect and importance implementation of center coordinate point from district or city in the determining of prayer times schedule. The research used mathemathic analytic descriptive and comparative analysis methods. With purpose to know in detail the comparation result from prayer times computations using center coordinate point and otherwise. The result of research shows the effect prayer times schedule can be applied for one district or city area. Meanwhile, computed prayer times schedule that use another center point coordinate not exactly can be applied in one district or city area. Though coordinate different value more than 0,5° and its position located in the south and east center coordinate point. Center coordinate point must be applied because at the base this coordinate point have been considered geographical aspect. Where in width side for the north, south, east and west have been considered and have the equilibrium distance.

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Kajian studi Astronomi Islam dalam persoalan waktu salat kurang mendapat perhatian khusus. Padahal persoalan jadwal waktu salat sangat komplek, seperti masih beredarnya jadwal waktu salat yang dikonversi dari satu daerah ke daerah lain. Sudah seharusnya jadwal waktu salat disusun berdasarkan kabupaten atau kota masing-masing. Persoalan baru yang muncul adalah data titik koordinat (lintang dan bujur) mana yang akan digunakan sebagai acuan perhitungannya. Dalam tulisan ini meneliti dampak dan perlunya implementasi titik koordinat tengah kabupaten atau kota dalam perhitungan jadwal waktu salat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analitis matematis dan analisis komparatif, yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui secara detail hasil perbandingan perhitungan jadwal waktu salat dengan menggunakan titik koordinat tengah dan selain titik koordinat tengah. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa, dampaknya jadwal waktu salat dapat diberlakukan untuk satu wilayah kabupaten atau kota. Sedangkan jadwal waktu salat yang diperhitungkan menggunakan selain titik koordinat tengah belum tentu dapat diberlakukan untuk satu wilayah kabupaten atau kota, apalagi selisih koordinatnya diatas 0,5° dan posisinya berada di sebelah selatan dan timur  dari titik koordinat tengah. Titik koordinat tengah perlu diimplementasikan, karena pada dasarnya titik koordinat ini telah mempertimbangkan aspek geografis. Dimana dalam segi luas untuk bagian utara, selatan dan timur, barat nya telah dipertimbangkan dan jaraknya pun seimbang.
A Review on Oral Liquid as an Emerging Technology in Controlled Drug Delivery System
Authors: Torne Sangmesh Raosaheb , Sheela Angappan , Sarada N.C.
Published: December 2017

Background:

The Oral Liquid Drug Delivery System (OLDDS) remains the primary choice of dosage
form, though challenging, for the pharmaceutical scientists. In the last two decades, Oral Liquid Controlled Release
(OLCR) formulation has gained a lot of attention because of its advantages over the conventional dosage
forms. Method: The world of nanotechnology has paved multiple ways to administer the drug through oral cavity
in liquid dosage form with an additional advantage of control over the release. In the current study, the various
approaches towards the same have been discussed comprehensively to understand the different mechanisms of
OLCR. Conclusion: This review also emphasizes on the existing techniques and the developments that have been
made to improve on its efficacy including various formulation related factors. It also provides valuable insights
into the role of polymers in the development of OLCR formulation that can be used in the management of Gastroesophageal
Reflux Disease (GERD).
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Hybrid Molecules Containing Purine, Coumarin and Isoxazoline or Isoxazole Moieties
Authors: Kallitsakis Michael G. , Carotti Angelo , Catto Marco , Peperidou Aikaterini , Hadjipavlou-Litina Dimitra J. , Litinas Konstantinos E.
Published: December 2017

Introduction:

The 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions of nitrile oxides formed in situ (in the presence of NCS and Et3N) from the oximes of (purin-9-yl)acetaldehyde or (coumarinyloxy)acetaldehyde with allyloxycoumarins or 9-allylpurines, respectively resulted in 3,5-disubstituted isoxazolines. The similar reactions of propargyloxycoumarins or 9-propargylpurines led to 3,5-disubstituted isoxazoles by treatment with PIDA and catalytic amount of TFA.

Methods:

The new compounds were tested in vitro as antioxidant agents and inhibitors of soybean lipoxygenase LO, AChE and MAO-B.

Results:

The majority of the compounds showed significant hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. Compounds 4k and 4n presented LO inhibitory activity.

Conclusion:

Compound 13e presents an antioxidant significant profile combining anti-LO, anti-AChE and anti-MAO-B activities.
Cycle-by-cycle simulation of variable amplitude fatigue crack propagation
Authors: Muys Louis , Zhang Jie , Micone Nahuel , De Waele Wim , Hertelé Stijn
Published: December 2017

In variable amplitude fatigue of high strength low alloy (HSLA) steel components, overloads can severely retard subsequent crack propagation for a number of cycles. In order to be able to predict fatigue crack propagation with a reduced degree of conservatism, retardation has to be taken into account. Of all numerical models that have been developed over time, crack tip plasticity models are selected based on the need for a detailed and fast cycle-by-cycle simulation of high cycle. After introducing the load interaction zone concept, common to all crack tip plasticity models, the Wheeler and Willenborg models are discussed, implemented and compared to experimental data. It is concluded that the Modified Wheeler model provides the most promising results, whereas the main limitation of Willenborg models is the need for extensive experimental data.
A comparison of fatigue lifetime prediction models applied to variable amplitude loading
Authors: Nottebaere Tom , Micone Nahuel , De Waele Wim
Published: December 2017

The loads imposed on, amongst others, offshore structures can vary considerably with time. Lifetime prediction methodologies need to consider possible acceleration and retardation of the crack growth rate due to load sequences. Models based on a linear accumulation of damage will have a limited accuracy and are not considered as a sufficiently valuable asset in lifetime prediction of structures subjected to variable amplitude loading. This necessitates more complex nonlinear damage evolution models that can be applied in a so-called cycle-by-cycle analysis. In this paper, a comparison is made between three cumulative damage models (Miner, modified Miner and weighted average) and two yield zone models (Wheeler and Willenborg). Experimental data of fatigue crack growth in offshore steel specimens subjected to sequential loading is used as basis of the comparison. The modified Miner model is the most promising of the cumulative damage models but the determination of the parameter α requires laboratory tests. Evaluation of the effects of variation in the model input parameters on estimated lifetime reveals a large influence for the Miner and weighted average approaches.
Efecto de la luz y micorrizas en la germinación de semillas de árboles de selvas secas
Authors: Ballina Gómez Horacio Salomon , Ruiz-Sánchez Esaú , Ambriz Parra Enrique , Alvarado López Carlos Juan
Published: December 2017

La germinación es un proceso fundamental en la regeneración natural de las selvas tropicales. En las selvas secas la germinación es afectada por la pronunciada estacionalidad que causa una alta heterogeneidad de la cantidad de luz que llega al suelo y la interacción con las micorrizas. La germinación se estudió en tres especies características de selvas secas: Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. ex Kunth, Senna racemosa(Mill.) H.S. Irwin y Barneby, y Bauhinia forficata Link. subsp. pruinosa (Vogel) Fortunato & Wunderlin. El proceso germinativo fue evaluado en un diseño factorial con tres tratamientos de germinación: testigo (suelo de la selva de origen + nutrimentos), micorriza (Glomus intrarradices) y testigo químico (Triple 17: Nitrógeno + Fósforo + Potasio); y cuatro niveles de luz (10%, 30%, 50% y 70%); se evaluó el proceso germinativo con nueve variables. Ambos factores influyeron de manera independiente en la respuesta de germinación y solo se encontraron efectos de interacción en la tasa promedio de germinación de T. stans y en la incertidumbre de la sincronía de la germinación de B. forficata. Los niveles bajos e intermedios de luz aumentaron la tasa promedio de germinación y valor máximo de germinación de T. stans. Además, los porcentajes de germinación de S. racemosa incrementaron en niveles intermedios y altos de luz. En B. forficata no se registró ningún efecto de la disponibilidad de luz sobre el proceso de germinación. La adición de micorriza afectó positivamente la tasa promedio de germinación en T. stans y los porcentajes de germinación en S. racemosa y B. forficata, aunque en estas dos últimas de forma asincrónica. El uso de niveles de luz adecuados y la adición de micorriza beneficiarían la germinación in situ de especies importantes en la regeneración de las selvas secas tropicales, aunque con ciertas restricciones.
Design and Optimization of Self Nano-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System Containing a New Anti-inflamatory Agent Pentagamavunon-0
Authors: Astuti Ika Yuni , Marchaban Marchaban , Martien Ronny , Nugroho Agung Endro
Published: December 2017

Pentagamavunon-0 is a potent anti-inflammatory drug. The oral bioavailability of PGV-0 is very low due to its low solubility in water. The aim of this study is to design and optimize SNEDDS formulation to improve dissolution of PGV-0 by Simplex Lattice Design. The independent variables were the amounts of oleic acid (X1), Tween 20 and labrasol (X2), and PEG 400 (X3). The dependent variables were droplet size (Y1), the concentration of PGV-0 dissolved in the 45th min (C45) (Y2) and solubility of PGV-0 (Y3) fitted to a quadratic model. The equation, contour plots, and overlay plot were constructed to determine the optimum formulation and to understand the responses to various combinations of components. The optimum formulation of SNEDDS consists of 18.6% oleic acid, 51.4% Tween 20:labrasol 1:1 and 30% PEG 400. The C45 of the optimum formulation is 82.20%, significantly higher than unmodified PGV-0. The droplet size is 75.45 nm and solubility of PGV-0 is 31.80 mg/mL. The predicted values are not significantly different with the experimental values. The amount of oleic acid is the most influential factor to increase droplet size and decrease the C45. The mostinfluential factor to increased C45 is the amount of PEG 400.
Preponderance of Bioactive Medicinal Compounds and ATR-FTIR Spectroscopy of Coriander and Mustard Floral Honey from Apis mellifera
Authors: Khan Ishan Ullah , Dubey Widhi , Gupta Vedprakash
Published: December 2017

The physicochemical, total phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity were evaluated for biochemical characterization of coriander and mustard floral honey. The total phenolics, flavonoids and antioxidant activity were analyzed using UV-VIS spectrophotometer. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was used to evaluate the chemical characteristic of coriander and mustard floral honey. The total phenolics content was ranged from 294 to 462 mg gallic acid equivalent kg-1 of honey. The total flavonoid content was ranged from 43 to 53 mg quercetin equivalent kg-1 of honey. Antioxidant activity results were expressed as inhibitory concentration (IC50) value ranged from 4.58 to 5.54 mg mL-1. FT-IR spectra showed the presence of alcohols, carboxylic acids, esters, ethers, phenols, and amines in both floral honey samples. This study discovered that coriander floral honey is more affluent than mustard floral honey in nutritional as well as medicinal aspects. At a glance the processing of honey by heating did not affect the phenolics, flavonoid, and antioxidants of honey; even processed honey contains higher phenols and antioxidants. The FT-IR spectra showed the similarity in both kinds of honey refers to chemical constituents. This study will help the researcher and honey consumer to find out the higher bioactive medicinal compounds containing honey.
Ab Initio Study of Proton Transfer and Hydration in Phosphorylated Nata de Coco
Authors: Rahmawati Sitti , Radiman Cynthia Linaya , Martoprawiro Muhamad Abdulkadir
Published: December 2017

This research aims to calculate energetics parameters, hydrogen bonding, characteristics local hydration, and proton transfer in phosphorylated nata de coco (NDCF) membrane using ab initio method. The minimum energy structure of NDCF membranes and the addition of n water molecules (n = 1-10) determined at the B3LYP/6-311G** level indicates that proton dissociation requires a minimum of four water molecules. Dissociated protons stabilize with the formation of (hydronium, Zundel, Eigen) ions. Calculation of the interaction energy with n water molecules indicates an increasingly negative change in energy (ΔE) and enthalpy (ΔH), and hence an increasingly positive interaction with water molecules. This interaction facilitates the transfer of protons in the membrane matrix. Calculation of the rotational energy at the center of C-O indicates that the pyranose ring structure, with a maximum barrier energies of ~ 12.5 J/mol, is much more flexible than the aromatic backbones of sulfonated poly(phenylene) sulfone (sPSO2) and the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) backbones in perfluorosulfonic acid ionomers (PFSA). These energy calculations provide the basis that the flexibility of the pyranose ring and the hydrogen bonding between water molecules and phosphonate groups influence the transfer of protons in the membrane of NDCF.
Adsorption of Remazol Brilliant Blue R Using Amino-Functionalized Organosilane in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Saputra Ozi Adi , Rachma Alifia Harista , Handayani Desi Suci
Published: December 2017

Synthesis of amino functionalized organosilane (AFOS) via UV-irradiation method has been conducted. In this research, the precursors for synthesizing AFOS are 3-glycydiloxypropyl trimethoxysilane (GPTMS) and ethylene diamine. Synthesis of amino functionalized organosilane was performed for 16 h monitored by Infra-red spectroscopy technique. The morphological structure of AFOS was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The adsorption process was conducted in the batch method using Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR) as anionic dye model. In this study, the pH, contact time and dyes concentration were varied to determine the optimum pH, kinetic and isotherm adsorption. Based on the calculation, the kinetic rate of the RBBR adsorbed onto AFOS was determined by k2 (pseudo second-order). Moreover, the isotherm study showed that the Langmuir model fitted for the adsorption of RBBR onto AFOS with Qm by 21.3 mg g-1.
Synthesis of Zeolite-X Supported on Kapok Fiber for CO2 Capture Material: Variation of Immersion Time during Fiber Activation
Authors: Lakapu Mada Mariana , Widiastuti Nurul
Published: December 2017

Zeolite-X is a potential material for CO2 adsorption. To increase the performance of zeolite-X, kapok fiber was used as a support material. The growth of zeolite-X on the surface of kapok was affected by activation of the surface. This research aims to optimize the immersion time of kapok fiber using NaOH in order to achieve high crystallinity of the zeolite-X. The Zeolite-X supported on kapok fiber was synthesized by the simple hydrothermal method at immersion time variation of 12 to 36 h. XRD results show that zeolite-X on kapok surface has the highest crystallinity at immersion time of 24 h. The topography of kapok surface from AFM indicates that the surface was damaged due to peeling reaction of NaOH. SEM results show that zeolite-X has grown on the kapok surface in considerable amounts. From TGA analysis, it was shown that the thermal stability of zeolite-X supported on kapok surface was up to 300 °C. Adsorption of CO2 measured by gravimetric method shows that CO2 adsorption capacitywas up to 15.097 wt.% at room temperature.
The Addition of N-Butanol in Ethanol-Isooctane Mixture to Reduce Vapor Pressure of Oxygenated-Gasoline Blend
Authors: Anugraha Rendra Panca , Picunang Zul Akbar Andi , Wiguno Annas , Tetrisyanda Rizky , Kuswandi Kuswandi , Wibawa Gede
Published: December 2017

In this work, vapor pressure of binary systems for isooctane + ethanol, isooctane + n-butanol and ethanol + n-butanol and ternary system for isooctane + ethanol + n-butanol were measured in the temperature range from 313.15 to 318.15 K using the inclined ebulliometer. The experimental results showed that the existence of n-butanol in isooctane decreases the vapor pressure of mixture, while increasing n-butanol fraction in ternary isooctane-ethanol-n-butanol mixture decreased vapor pressure of mixture. Experimental data for binary systems studied were correlated with Wilson, NRTL and UNIQUAC models with average relative deviation (ARD) of 3.5%. The optimized binary parameter pairs obtained in this work were used to estimate the ternary system. The Wilson model gave the best performance for estimation of ternary system with ARD of 5.4%. All systems studied showed non-ideal solution with positive deviation from Raoult’s law.
Study of Periplaneta Americana Microbial Community Structure and Diversity by 16S rRNA High-Throughput Sequencing
Authors: Chen Zhuang Zhi , Wu Xiu Mei , Shen Yong Mei , Li Cheng Gong , Xu Kai Ge , Zhu Feng , Zhang Cheng Gui , Li Yang
Published: December 2017

Objective: The present study probes into the microbial community structure in Periplaneta americana under different breeding conditions, using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technique, in the hope of finding the microbial community structure in Periplaneta americana and their diversity under different breeding conditions.

Methods: In this study, we extract the microbial metagenomic DNA of 5 groups of Periplaneta americana which under different breeding conditions. Using lllumina Miseq sequencing platform, two-terminal sequencing of V3-V4 regions of 16S rRNA were sequenced; diversity of community structure was analyzed using the softwares such as fastqc, QIIME, PyNAST, fasttree and R language.

Results: Shannon index of samples in SG group was lower than that of the other four groups, significantly lower than that of DB group (P<0.05), but not significantly different from other groups. This suggested that the intake of a mixed fodder with high sugar, high fat and high protein by Periplaneta americana can reduce the diversity of microbial communities. Our findings showed that breeding intervention with different fodders may cause differences in the contents of Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and Firmicutes in Periplaneta americana. Results showed that long-term intake of lots of sucrose and fat may increase the proportion of Bacteroidetes in Periplaneta americana; and long-term intake of lots of sucrose may reduce the proportion of Proteobacteria in Periplaneta americana; and long-term intake of lots of fat may reduce the proportion of Firmicutes in Periplaneta americana. Two major dominant bacterial genera in all samples were Blattabacterium and Rickettsiella. But different feeding interventions can change the proportions of Blattabacterium and Rickettsiella.

Conclusion: Periplaneta americana has a complex microbial community structure. Different feeding conditions may change the microbial community structure of Periplaneta americana. An important bacterial genus in Periplaneta americana, Blattabacterium is positively correlated with the intake of sucrose- and fat-rich fodder. In the breeding process of Periplaneta americana, adding sucrose and fat to fodder may increase the content and proportion of Blattabacterium in microbial communities.
Discourse Analysis of Cohesive Devices in Saudi Student’s Writing
Authors: Almutairi Norah Dhawi
Published: December 2017

This paper attempts to analyze a piece of writing written by Saudi student in public schools which is problematic in terms of cohesion. The analysis is based upon the work of Halliday and Hasan (1976) and others such as Hoey (1991). The cohesive devices are defined, described and a framework of analysis is developed to investigate the writing with attention to grammatical and lexical cohesion. The student’s writing quality is then judged according to the problems showcased by lack of cohesion. Instructors’ role is perceived in dealing with cohesion in students’ writing.
International Students’ Experience of Western Pedagogy in a British University
Authors: Newsome Linda Katherine , Cooper Paul
Published: December 2017

This qualitative study examined international students’ experiences with Western pedagogy using data collected through case studies and semi-structured, in-depth, informant style interviews. Participants were all international students (n=18), mostly postgraduate from Asian and Far Eastern countries studying at a British University. This paper focuses on students’ engagements with Western pedagogy as they struggle to adjust to what they experience as unfamiliar and alien approaches to teaching and learning. Reported here is a detailed case study of the lives of these students as they engage with specific pedagogical demands, including: academic self-expression and critical argumentation, self-directed learning, class discussions, presentations, and English language proficiency. It also exposes students’ perceptions of the value of the instructional methods of their tutors and their impact on approaches to learning.
BUILDING BETTER LAW: HOW DESIGN THINKING CAN HELP US BE BETTER LAWYERS, MEET NEW CHALLENGES, AND CREATE THE FUTURE OF LAW
Authors: Ursel Susan
Published: December 2017

The legal profession faces increasing challenges to the relevance, utility, and acceptance of law and the rule of law as tools of social organization that are important and essential to human beings. Often the issues which challenge law and legal systems seem perennial, obstinate, and intractable. In order to remain relevant to the societies it serves, the law needs to innovate. We need to find new ways of thinking about law as a human designed and deliberate system of social organization. In this context, adopting an innovation mindset is an important starting point. “Design thinking” offers us a description and practice of an innovation mindset that can be and is employed in a variety of professional contexts. This article is an introduction to design thinking, its challenges, and its possibilities for law. It postulates that in fact design thinking as a concept and as a set of techniques is particularly well suited for use in law, and that we actually employ many of its techniques already. The article argues that by bringing these techniques into sharper focus, we can both recognize how we are in some ways using them already, and more importantly, how they can be deployed in even more useful and innovative ways to “build better law” at all scales of the legal endeavour, from individual service to legal systems.
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Sediaan Gel Ekstrak Daun Sereh (Cymbopogon nardus L. Rendle) terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus Penyebab Jerawat
Authors: Sarlina Sarlina , Razak Abdul Rahman , Tandah Muhamad Rinaldhi
Published: December 2017

Penelitian tentang uji aktivitas antibakteri sediaan gel ekstrak daun sereh (Cymbopogon nardus L.Rendle) terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi konsentrasi karbopol, konsentrasi ekstrak, dan kombinasi keduanya terhadap stabilitas gel dan aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus. Ekstrak daun sereh (Cymbopogon nardus L.Rendle) diperoleh dengan cara maserasi dengan etanol 96%. Desain penelitian menggunakan analisis data ANOVA rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial dengan  variasi konsentrasi ekstrak 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%  dan karbopol sebagai basis gel dengan konsentrasi 0,5%, 1% dan 2%. Evaluasi stabilitas sediaan mencakup uji organoleptis, uji homogenitas, uji pH, uji viskositas, dan uji aktivitas antibakteri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi konsentrasi ekstrak mempengaruhi stabilitas dan aktivitas antibakteri gel ekstrak daun sereh (Cymbopogon nardus L.Rendle). Variasi konsentrasi karbopol mempengaruhi aktivitas antibakteri tetapi tidak mempengaruhi stabilitas. Kombinasi variasi konsentrasi karbopol dan ekstrak mempengaruhi aktivitas antibakteri. Kombinasi perlakuan yang baik diperoleh pada formula A2B4, karena memiliki aktivitas antibakteri tertinggi yaitu 14,56 mm.
Isolasi dan Identifikasi Senyawa Flavonoid Ekstrak Etanol Buah Naga Merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus (F.A.C.Weber) Briton & Rose)
Authors: Nuari Siti , Anam Syariful , Khumaidi Akhmad
Published: December 2017

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai isolasi dan identifikasi senyawa flavonoid dari ekstrak etanol buah naga merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus (F.A.C.Weber) Briton & Rose).  Ekstrak buah naga merah diperoleh melalui maserasi serbuk buah naga merah dengan pelarut etanol 96%. Ekstrak etanol yang diperoleh di partisi dengan metode partisi cair-cair menggunakan pelarut n-heksana, etil asetat dan air. Hasil partisi ekstrak etil asetat  kemudian dilakukan pemisahan dengan Kromatografi vakum cair, sedangkan ekstrak air dihidrolisis terlebih dahulu dengan HCl lalu dipartisi dengan etil asetat (fraksi etil asetat). Berdasarkan  hasi pemurnian ekstrak etil asetat dan fraksi etil asetat dengan KLT Preparatif diperoleh 5 isolat tetapi hanya isolat 3 yang positif senyawa flavonoid. Hasil spektroskopi UV-Vis isolat 3 menghasilkan puncak pada 330 nm (pita I) dan 280 nm (pita II), sedangkan pada penambahan pereaksi geser tidak mengalami pergeseran batokromik dan hipsokromik. Berdasarkan data-data yang diperoleh isolat 3 diduga merupakan golongan senyawa flavanon.
Efek Ekstrak Etanol Daun Gendola Merah (Basella alba L.) terhadap Kadar Kreatinin, Ureum dan Deskripsi Histologis Tubulus Ginjal Tikus Putih Jantan (Rattus norvegicus) Diabetes yang Diinduksi Streptozotocin
Authors: Tandi Joni , Wulandari Ayu , Asrifa Asrifa
Published: December 2017

The objective of this study is to determine the effect and the effective dose of ethanolic extract of Red Gendola (Basella alba L.) leaves on creatinine, urea and description of histological tubular kidney of diabetic male rats induced by streptozotocin. 

30 male rats devided into six groups : groups I, II, and III were the control groups and groups IV, V, and VI were the experimental groups. Groups II, III, IV, V, and VI are given induction of STZ 40 mg/kg BW in a single dose i.p on day 0. Normal control group I and negatif control group II were givenonly Sodium-CMC 0,5%; positive control group III was given glibenclamide 0,45 mg/kg BW; group IV, V, and VI were given each extract at a dose of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg BW in p.o every day. The obtained data were analyzed using one way Anova test at the level of 95 % early followed by LSD Post Hoc Test, and the level of regeneration of histological tubularkidney was observed by HE staining using Olympus BX-51 microscope with a scale of 100 μm and scoring data result of kidney tubular damage levels were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Mann-Whitney test to see the differences between treatments.The results showed that ethanolic extract of red gendola with dose of 100 mg / kg BW give significant effect to decrease the creatinine content and 200 mg / kg BW give effect of decrease of ureum level of diabetic white male rats. Moreover, red gendola ethanolic extract has also an effect on cell regeneration in renal tubules with an effective dose of 400 mg /kg BW on diabetic male rats.
Optimasi Formula Gel Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Buah Bligo (Benincasa hispida) dengan Metode Simplex Lattice Design (SLD)
Authors: Suryani Suryani , Nafisah Andi , Mana'an Syahrir
Published: December 2017

Benincasa hispida has many benefits including as antioxidant. This study aims to evaluate the effect of Carbomer 940, HPMC and NaOH concentrations in antioxidant gel formula and to determine Carbomer 940, HPMC and NaOH concentrations that could produce the optimal antioxidant gel formula. Benincasa hispida was extracted by maceration method and antioxidant activity was tested by DPPH method. The antioxidant gels were formulated with variety combinations of Carbomer 940, HPMC and NaOH. The optimal gel formula was obtained by Design Expert 7.1.5 with Simplex Lattice Design method. The physical characteristic of optimal gel formula was retested and compared with the results of Simplex Lattice Design .The results showed that antioxidant activity of Benincasa hispida ethanolic extract has potent activity with the IC50 40,28 μg/mL. The increasing concentration of Carbomer 940, HPMC and NaOH possessed the high coefficients viscosity (cPs) with the value of 4366, 4133 and 3750 respectively. The increasing concentration of NaOH possessed pH and dispersive power of the gel with coefficients of 11,0 and 5,21 respectively. The desirability values suggested by Simplex Lattice Design were 1,000 with component variation of the optimal formula were Carbomer 940 1,5%, HPMC 0,5% and NaOH 0,4%. The significance test of the optimal formula  compared to the results of laboratory experiments showed the significance of viscosity of 0,130, the dispersive power of 0,348 and pH of 0,184 that means there was no significant difference between the prediction values by using Simplex Lattice Design and results of laboratory experiments. It was indicated that significance values of each responses were over 0,05 (p>0.05).
Sobre o status indeterminado do conceito da verdade na pragmática formal de Jürgen Habermas
Authors: França Clístenes Chaves de
Published: December 2017

Meu objetivo principal no presente texto é mostrar que Habermas nos ensaios que compõem seu livro Verdade e Justificação (VJ), no qual discute questões de filosofia teórica e volta a tratar depois de aproximadamente 30 anos especificamente do problema da verdade, falha em nos oferecer uma explicação adequada deste conceito, haja vista seu status aí permanecer indeterminado. Isto se deve ao fato de Habermas, em VJ, ao contrário do que ocorreu eu seu artigo anterior de 1972 Wahrheitstheorien, no qual desenvolveu uma teoria da verdade antirrealista, que identificava a verdade com o consenso racional obtido em uma situação ideal de fala, mesmo reconhecendo agora que aquilo que torna uma proposição verdadeira não é o seu sucesso discursivo, mas sim sua relação com o mundo objetivo, não avançar sua discussão de forma a esclarecer o que está envolvido nessa relação entre proposição (linguagem) e mundo, que faz com que uma afirmação sobre a realidade seja verdadeira.
Considerações políticas sobre o hermetismo estético e filosófico de Theodor Adorno
Authors: Malvezzi Amarildo
Published: December 2017

O presente trabalho dedica-se a compreender as razões pelas quais Theodor Adorno defendia o hermetismo no plano filosófico e no plano estético. Busca, do ponto de vista filosófico, relacionar estilo e epistemologia. Do ponto de vista estético, relacionar estilo e crítica histórica. Objetiva, assim, esclarecer as posições filosóficas e estéticas, de Adorno, de um ponto de vista histórico e político.
O Trabalho como Elemento Efetivo do Reconhecimento em Axel Honneth
Authors: Araújo Neto José Aldo Camurça de
Published: December 2017

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar o tema do trabalho e do reconhecimento no pensamento de Axel Honneth (1949-), filósofo e sociólogo alemão da terceira geração da Escola de Frankfurt. O conceito de trabalho é um dos temas centrais da teoria crítica. Por meio do trabalho, o trabalhador encontra a sua sobrevivência e sua satisfação. É nele que o reconhecimento expressa uma identidade moral no contexto do mercado capitalista. Sem falar ainda que a atividade laboral expressa a subjetividade humana através da ação criativa. Diante desse contexto, a presente exposição pretende percorrer os passos argumentativos de Honneth acerca da relação reconhecimento e trabalho. Tal relação ajuda-nos a compreender a relevância deste autor na filosofia política contemporânea.
Patologias sociais e estado de direito: uma breve incursão às teorias críticas de Honneth e Habermas
Authors: Scaldaferro Maikon Chaider Silva
Published: December 2017

Jürgen Habermas e Axel Honneth investigaram nas últimas décadas as "condições de possibilidade de uma política democrática", com isso eles formularam duas teorias críticas do Estado de direito. Nosso objetivo aqui é discutir as teorias elaboradas pelos filósofos, bem como o diagnóstico de época que eles realizaram das patologias sociais. Apontaremos também as semelhanças e diferenças entre as filosofias de Habermas e Honneth.
Compreensão dialética da ética revolucionária de Herbert Marcuse
Authors: Gadanha Alberto Dias
Published: December 2017

A alteração qualitativa objetivo de uma ética revolucionária pressupõe a reciprocidade entre a decisão política enquanto asserção de parâmetros deontológicos a priori e a efetivação governamental de uma vida sem medo e sem miséria, uma vida de paz. Marcuse ao compreender que o objetivo a ser efetivado é uma vida sem medo e sem miséria supera tanto a eticidade deontológica caracterizada pelo imperativo categórico quanto a ética caracterizada pelo imperativo hipotético de determinação utilitarista. Ética revolucionária, como exposta por Herbert Marcuse na conferência de 1964 na Universidade de Kansas, é uma ética de superação dialética porque contempla por meio do imperativo implicativo tanto as exigências deontológicas, configuradas pela decisão política quanto as exigências utilitaristas configuradas pelo cálculo histórico de efetivação governamental da teleologia política.
Caracterización de los pacientes con infarto agudo del miocardio en un hospital rural en el Ecuador como ejemplo de la inequidad en salud
Authors: Peñafiel Susana Magdalena , Tufiño Andrea , Herrera Diego , Gaus David , Troya Carlos , Nguyen A. , Penuela M.
Published: December 2017

Objetivo. Comparar los resultados del tratamiento del síndrome coronario agudo (SCA), en una población rural del Noroccidente de la provincia de Pichincha en Ecuador, con relación a las intervenciones asumidas como el tratamiento convencional en el primer mundo.

Metodología. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de 316 historias clínicas de pacientes atendidos en un periodo de 6 años, desde enero del 2010 a enero del 2017 en los cuales se reportó el diagnóstico de síndrome coronario agudo, o sus variantes según la Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades Edición 10 (CIE-10). Se aplicó una encuesta que extrajo datos demográficos, enfermedades previas, exámenes realizados en el diagnóstico inicial, tratamiento recibido en emergencia, tiempo promedio desde el inicio de los síntomas hasta ingresar a la unidad de cuidados coronarios y mortalidad.

Resultados. La edad media del episodio isquémico  fue de 62.8 años.  Los factores de riesgo identificados fueron: hipertensión arterial (55%), diabetes (31%), Dislipidemia (4.8%), y tabaquismo (12%). El 9.5 % refirieron antecedentes de IAM.

El 86% presentó hallazgos de SCA en el electrocardiograma, 42.8% mostraron troponinas positivas; el 14.29% (6 pacientes) presentaron un desenlace fatal en la misma sala de emergencia. Más del 50% de los pacientes fue referido al tercer nivel de atención en Quito (22 pacientes). El tiempo promedio entre el inicio de los síntomas y el ingreso a la unidad de cuidados coronarios fue de 12 horas. La mortalidad en los primeros 15 días de los pacientes referidos a tercer nivel fue de  10 pacientes (23,8%).

Conclusiones. Se requiere una aplicación contextualizada de los estándares internacionales de manejo de SCA que contemple aspectos como: acceso y disponibilidad al tratamiento inicial denominado MONA (morfina, oxigeno cuando sea necesario, nitratos y aspirina), dotación adecuada de recursos humanos y equipamiento, en hospitales rurales y remotos,  para la administración oportuna de fibrinólisis, y una coordinación con el  sistema nacional de atención de emergencia y derivación que permiten el acceso a los hospitales con disponibilidad de cuidados coronarios.
DETERMINAN INTENSI AUDITOR MELAKUKAN TINDAKAN WHISTLE-BLOWING DENGAN PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI
Authors: Abdullah M. Wahyuddin , Hasma Hasma
Published: December 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh faktor komitmen organisasi, personal cost of reporting, tingkat keseriusan kecurangan, dan sikap profesionalisme terhadap intensi auditor melakukan tindakan whistle-blowing dengan perlindungan hukum sebagai variabel moderasi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh auditor yang bekerja di lingkungan Inspektorat Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan dengan teknik pengambilan sampel purposive sampling. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian merupakan data primer yang dikumpulkan melalui survei kuesioner secara langsung. Analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda dan analisis regresi linear berganda dengan uji nilai selisih mutlak untuk hipotesis komitmen organisasi, personal cost of reporting, tingkat keseriusan kecurangan, dan sikap profesionalisme yang dimoderasi oleh perlindungan hukum. Hasil penelitian dengan analisis regresi linear berganda menunjukkan bahwa tingkat keseriusan kecurangan dan sikap profesionalisme berpengaruh positif dan signifikan sedangkan komitmen organisasi dan personal cost of reporting berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap intensi auditor melakukan tindakan whistle-blowing. Analisis variabel moderating dengan pendekatan nilai selisih mutlak menunjukkan bahwa per- lindungan hukum hanya mampu memoderasi tingkat keseriusan kecurangan dan tidak mampu memoderasi komitmen organisasi, personal cost of reporting dan sikap profesionalisme terhadap intensi auditor melakukan tindakan whistle-blowing.
ANALISIS DESKRIPTIF ATAS LITERASI KEUANGAN PADA KELOMPOK TANI
Authors: Yuwono Minto , Suharjo Budi , Sanim Bunasor , Nurmalina Rita
Published: December 2017

Rendahnya tingkat keuangan inklusif Indonesia disebabkan oleh rendahnya tingkat keuangan inklusif dari 62% masyarakat Indonesia, dimana mayoritas bekerja pada sektor informal (diantaranya adalah petani). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis secara deskriptif tingkat pengetahuan petani terkait keuangan atau literasi keuangan yang memungkinkan individu untuk membuat keputusan efektif. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). Lokasi penelitian meliputi beberapa sentra pertanian di pulau Jawa meliputi 3 Provinsi  yakni meliputi Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah dan Jawa Timur. Dalam mengelola keuangan baru sebagian kecil petani yang menggunakan lembaga keuangan baik untuk menyimpan maupun meminjam.  Untuk peminjaman dana dalam jumlah tertentu dan bersifat mendadak petani lebih mengandalkan pinjam dari teman atau keluarga/famili. Tidak lebih dari 6% petani yang merencanakan pengeluaran rumah tangga dan menjalankannya secara konsisten. Pada penelitian ini juga didapatkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang significant dan positif antara pengetahuan terhadap lembaga keuangan dengan tingkat penggunaan produk lembaga keuangan. Semakin tinggi tingkat pengetahuan petani terhadap lembaga keuangan maka semakin tinggi pula tingkat penggunaan produk lembaga keuangan.
El tradicionalismo carlista ante la libertad religiosa (1963-1967)
Authors: Vázquez de Prada Mercedes
Published: December 2017

Se expone en este artículo la política de la Comunión Tradicionalista frente a la cuestión de la libertad religiosa en el tardofranquismo. Partiendo de la defensa de la unidad católica como elemento fundamental de la esencia nacional de España, se repasa el planteamiento del carlismo frente a la tolerancia liberal, el proyecto de estatuto para los acatólicos del ministro Castiella y, finalmente, la Ley de libertad religiosa de 1967. La crisis sociocultural de los años 60 y el cambio de la Iglesia del Concilio con respecto a las relaciones con el mundo moderno hundieron al tradicionalismo y agravaron la división interna del partido carlista.
The effect of alcohol-containing mouthwash and alcohol-free mouthwash towards the power chains force decay
Authors: Santana Willem , Thahar Bergman , Mardiati Endah , Salim Jono
Published: December 2017

Introduction: Power chains is the common device used in fixed orthodontic treatment. Force decay in power chains is a problem that can affect the teeth movement due to a continuous force cannot be maintained. Force decay in power chain can be affected by the use of alcohol-containing mouthwash or alcohol-free mouthwash. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of alcoholic-containing mouthwash, alcohol-free mouthwash, and artificial saliva towards the power chains force decay. Methods: This research was an experimental analytic laboratory in-vitro with the comparative approach. The sample in this study were 40 power chain, short A (SA); 40 power chain, short B (SB); 40 power chain, long A (LA); and 40 power chain, long B (LB), which divided into 5 groups that were consecutively exposed to the artificial saliva as control group; Minosep® with 0.1% of chlorhexidine gluconate; Listerine® with 0% of alcohol; Hexadol® with 9% of alcohol; and Listerine® with 26.9% of alcohol. The measurement of force decay was performed with digital force gauge on day 0, 1, 14, and 28. The statistical analysis was done by using the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests. Result: There was a significant difference (p<0.05) between the force decay of power chain that exposed to the alcohol-containing mouthwash, alcohol-free mouthwash, and the artificial saliva. Conclusion: The force decay level of power chain that exposed to an alcohol-containing mouthwash was higher compared to the force decay level of power chain that exposed to an alcohol-free mouthwash and an artificial saliva.
Differences in the oral health behaviour of the 12-years-old children in rural and urban areas
Authors: Nawawi Azkya Patria , Fadillah Rina Putri Noer , Supriatna Andi , Sarwendah Sri
Published: December 2017

Introduction: The oral diseases have increased significantly in the past decade. The Health Service of Cimahi reports showed an increasing number of oral diseases. Behaviour plays an important role in preventing oral disease. The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in the oral health behavior of the 12-years-old children in the rural and urban area of the city of Cimahi. Methods: The research type was analytic with the cross-sectional design. The sample was determined using pathfinder survey method from oral health surveys basic methods. Data were collected through a questionnaire containing knowledge and attitudes, observations of practice assessed in the checklist and assessment of the health status of the teeth using the Patient Hygiene Performance Data Index and analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. Results: The results showed that children in both rural and urban areas were having a good knowledge and positive attitude. Both the rural and urban children were doing the improper tooth brushing methods, and the children in the rural area had a fair PHP index value whilst the children in the urban area had a poor value. There were significant differences in the knowledge (p = 0.017), there was no significant difference in the attitude (p = 0.312) and practice (p = 1.000) in children of both rural and urban areas. Conclusion: Difference only found in the oral health knowledge of the 12-years-old children in the rural and urban area of the city of Cimahi.
Arjion: el archivo contemporáneo como obra de arte
Authors: Nieto María Emilia
Published: December 2017

Archivo contemporáneo como obra de arte
Historizar las memorias. Diálogos, conflictos y legitimidades en torno al pasado reciente
Authors: Estermann Victoria , Herrera Nicolás , Jean Jean Melina
Published: December 2017

Reseña de Elizabeth Jelin
Fascismo 'eclesiástico'. De Tacuara y la Triple A hasta la última dictadura
Authors: Casco Christian
Published: December 2017

Reseña de Federico Finchelstein
MENGUNGKAP PESAN-PESAN AL-QURAN MELALUI PETUAH BUGIS “PAPPASENG TO RIYOLO”
Authors: Sugirma Sugirma
Published: December 2017

“Pappaseng” is an oral literature spoken by “to riyolo na Ugi'e” (ancestor of the Bugis tribe) to give a message to “ana 'monri'e” (young generation) so as not to fall into the things that are not desirable. While the Quran is a holy book for Muslims that contains values from all aspects of human life, including the one is about moral messages, ethics and rule of interaction. Both become the basis of life of Bugis tribe people in living their lives and interact with each other. this research is a qualitative research with a cultural approach to search for The Quran relationship with the advice “Bugis pappaseng” form as a repertoire of science in the Bugis society. And obtained the result that the value contained in “pappaseng” always connected directly with the content of the Quran, such as courage, honesty, work ethic of faith and so forth.
MAJELIS TAKLIM DAN PERANANNYA DALAM PENINGKATAN DAKWAH DI KECAMATAN WARA SELATAN KOTA PALOPO
Authors: M Ramlah
Published: December 2017

Religious life in the city of Palopo in recent times again looks lively. It is an indication of a change in social life, the culture of economic politics in society. One form of the development of religious life, especially in the formation of the ummah is the growing splendor majelis taklim institution which is one of the nonformal educational institutions that have the function and role in the guidance of the ummah, as a place of spiritual education and as a place of syiar Islam and silaturrahmi between ulama, umara (government ) with the people. This research will examine the important role played by majelis taklim institution in increasing the activity of da'wah and religious development in South Wara Subdistrict of Palopo City.
A antropologia, a mitologia e sua escrita
Authors: Serra Ordep José Trindade
Published: December 2017

Este artigo trata de problemas relativos à definição de um conceito antropológico de mito e da aplicabilidade das noções de mito e mitologia na perspectiva de estudos transculturais. Chama-se aqui a atenção para a singularidade da “mitologia clássica” enquanto uma construção histórica particular, resultado da prática dos mitógrafos, e adverte-se a necessidade de distinguir entre "mítica" e "mitologia". Procura-se mostrar a importância dos estudos clássicos na configuração do horizonte da Antropologia. Discute-se a afirmação de Lévi-Strauss de que um mito é logo reconhecível como mito “por qualquer leitor do mundo”; sua apreciação da mitologia grega e comparada com a visão de um helenista, Eudoro de Sousa, que também se preocupou com a singularidade da mítica dos helenos. No interesse de esclarecer o sentido de “mito” como categoria antropológica, procura-se ainda reconsiderar a (moderna) oposição teórica dos conceitos de mythos e lógos.
Complexidade social, sistemas comunicativos e gênese da escrita cuneiforme
Authors: Rede Marcelo
Published: December 2017

Este estudo expõe e discute as teorias mais recentes sobre a gênese da escrita na antiga Mesopotâmia, em particular sob a ótica da articulação entre a gênese do sistema cuneiforme e a diversidade e função dos sistemas comunicativos, no quadro de complexidade social crescente do final do período Neolítico.