bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Early-stage sigmoid colon cancer resection followed by liver metastasis recurrence 1 year later and mesenteric recurrence more than 5 years later: a case report
Authors: Mikuni Yumeto , Tani Michio , Ichikawa Nobuki , Matsui Hiroki , Emoto Shin , Yoshida Tadashi , Otsuka Takuya , Homma Shigenori , Norihiko Takahashi , Taketomi Akinobu
Published: August 2023

Background

Early-stage colorectal cancer (CRC) is often treated endoscopically, but additional surgical resection may be considered depending on pathological findings.

Case presentation

A 73-year-old man was found to have early-stage sigmoid colon cancer by colonoscopy during a medical examination, and endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) was performed. The lesion was a 7-mm-sized sessile polyp, and the pathological diagnosis was well-differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma, pT1 (submucosal invasion of 400 μm), with no lymphovascular invasion, low budding grade, and negative horizontal and vertical margins. Therefore, the patient was observed without postoperative treatment. One year later, a computed tomography (CT) scan showed multiple liver metastases. After five courses of preoperative chemotherapy with folinic acid, 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) and panitumumab, liver metastases were reduced. The patient underwent extended right hepatic lobectomy. The pathological finding was well-to-moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma, and immunohistochemistry findings were consistent with liver metastases from sigmoid colon cancer. Postoperatively, the patient received five courses adjuvant chemotherapy with FOLFOX. Although the patient had been recurrence-free for 5 years after liver resection, a CT scan revealed a nodular lesion in the sigmoid mesentery. Positron emission tomography (PET) showed abnormal accumulation in the same lesion. Therefore, the mesenteric nodules diagnosed as lymph metastasis and recurrence of sigmoid colon cancer and performed laparoscopic sigmoid colon resection with lymph node dissection. The pathological findings showed that the recurrent lesion in the mesentery formed a nodular infiltrate with venous, lymphatic, and neural invasion, but lymph node structures were not found, and it was assumed to be metastasis or recurrence due to lymphovascular invasion. The pathologic specimen of the sigmoid colon had no neoplastic lesions, which are considered to be a local recurrence on the mucosal surface. After sigmoid colectomy, adjuvant chemotherapy with CapeOX was conducted, and the patient has been recurrence-free for 13 months at present.

Conclusion

Even early-stage CRCs that have no pathological indications for additional resection have risks of metastases and recurrences, and we may need to consider that the criteria for additional resection should not be limited to pathological findings alone.
Commissioning and optimal load dispatch for supplying base and peak loads from Satellite Solar Power Station (SSPS) Using Microwave Wireless Power Transfer (MWPT)
Authors: Rathod Prasad , Mahamud Abdullah Al , Talele Utkarsh
Published: August 2023

Solar power on Earth is characterized by its intermittent nature, limiting its practical application to peak loads only. However, this limitation can be overcome by implementing a concept known as Satellite Solar Power Station (SSPS), which involves deploying solar panels in space. Nevertheless, this approach poses various challenges that need to be addressed. One of the primary obstacles lies in determining the feasibility of this plan. This research emphasizes the importance of exploring economically viable methods for establishing SSPS in space, utilizing a Reusable Launch Vehicle and Hohmann’s Transfer technique. To support these proposals, optimization techniques involving multi-stage impulsive maneuvers are employed. Moreover, a comprehensive load dispatch algorithm is mathematically derived and developed to adapt to the changing demands on Earth, achieving a balance between load requirements and antenna size. In addition, discussions are conducted regarding the potential implementation of frequency reconfigurable Microwave systems for future applications. The overall objective of this study revolves around the future deployment and efficient load dispatch from SSPS to meet the energy demands of base loads on Earth, thereby making solar power a viable option.
Students or internationals? Divergent patterns of governing international student mobility in Germany and the United Kingdom
Authors: Bitschnau Marco
Published: August 2023

This article investigates how Germany and the United Kingdom (UK) have governed international student mobility (ISM) over the last two decades. While both are among the most popular destinations for international students and have experienced similar political trajectories during this period, they have pursued divergent education and immigration policies in regulating ISM. Driven by a mix of educational universalism and fear of future labor shortages, Germany offers financial benefits and generous right to stay opportunities. The UK, by contrast, combines high tuition fees with restrictive immigration policies, favoring students who will leave the country upon graduation. Drawing on a variety of parliamentary reports, policy documents, and interviews with politicians and civil servants, I argue that this divergence is rooted primarily in the different politicizability of ISM: international students are discursively treated as students (belonging to the non-politicized field of education) in Germany but as internationals (belonging to the hyperpoliticized field of immigration) in the UK.
Long-term functional and structural outcomes after large chorioretinectomy for ruptured globe following blunt trauma
Authors: Mura Marco , Iannetta Danilo , Pellegrini Marco , Engelbrecht Leonore A , Sarti Laura , Parmeggiani Francesco , Badawi Abdulrahman , Dhibi Hassan , Al Sulaiman Sulaiman
Published: August 2023

Background

The purpose of this study was to present a modified surgical technique involving pars plana vitrectomy with large chorioretinectomy for eyes with rupture of the globe due to severe ocular blunt trauma.

Methods

This retrospective study included consecutive patients with rupture of the globe due to blunt trauma who were treated at the King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia). All patients underwent 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy with large chorioretinectomies involving all the tissue around the posterior scleral wounds. Outcome measures included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), anatomical success and globe survival, rates of complications.

Results

15 eyes of 15 patients were included. Mean BCVA was 2.88 ± 0.13 logMAR at presentation, and significantly improved to 0.83 ± 0.28 logMAR (P < 0.001), with 10 patients (67%) achieving a final BCVA ≥ 20/200. Anatomical success and globe survival were achieved in 11 (73%) and 15 (100%) of eyes, respectively. Postoperative complications included retinal detachment in 6 eyes (40%), epiretinal membrane in 6 (40%), hypotony in 4 (26%), PVR in 2 (13%).

Conclusions

Pars plana vitrectomy with large chorioretinectomy is an effective treatment for globe rupture following severe blunt trauma, yielding good visual outcomes and anatomical success rates.
Establishing gaze markers of perceptual load during multi-target visual search
Authors: Harris Anthony M. , Eayrs Joshua O. , Lavie Nilli
Published: August 2023

Highly-automated technologies are increasingly incorporated into existing systems, for instance in advanced car models. Although highly automated modes permit non-driving activities (e.g. internet browsing), drivers are expected to reassume control upon a ‘take over’ signal from the automation. To assess a person’s readiness for takeover, non-invasive eye tracking can indicate their attentive state based on properties of their gaze. Perceptual load is a well-established determinant of attention and perception, however, the effects of perceptual load on a person’s ability to respond to a takeover signal and the related gaze indicators are not yet known. Here we examined how load-induced attentional state affects detection of a takeover-signal proxy, as well as the gaze properties that change with attentional state, in an ongoing task with no overt behaviour beyond eye movements (responding by lingering the gaze). Participants performed a multi-target visual search of either low perceptual load (shape targets) or high perceptual load (targets were two separate conjunctions of colour and shape), while also detecting occasional auditory tones (the proxy takeover signal). Across two experiments, we found that high perceptual load was associated with poorer search performance, slower detection of cross-modal stimuli, and longer fixation durations, while saccade amplitude did not consistently change with load. Using machine learning, we were able to predict the load condition from fixation duration alone. These results suggest monitoring fixation duration may be useful in the design of systems to track users’ attentional states and predict impaired user responses to stimuli outside of the focus of attention.
A rare case report of non-syndromic unilateral cerebellar dysplasia and hypoplasia: a diagnostic enigma
Authors: Babal Ruchika , Aggarwal Abhishek
Published: August 2023

Background

Cerebellar malformations are broadly categorized into hypoplasias and dysplasias, which are further divided based on focal or diffuse involvement. Both hypoplasias and dysplasias are usually associated with cerebral involvement or as a part of syndromes. Isolated unilateral cerebellar dysplasia is, however, extremely unusual.

Case presentation

We present a rare case of isolated unilateral cerebellar dysplasia, in a 25-year-old male patient, who came to the Neurology clinic with complaints of infrequent seizure episodes since childhood.

Conclusion

Notable isolated unilateral cerebellar dysplasia is a rare entity requiring symptomatic treatment, with an anomalous development process being the likely aetiology.
Role of personality, health beliefs and fear of COVID-19 in engagement of adaptive and maladaptive behaviors among Egyptians during COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Fouad Eman , Bassiony Medhat , Atta Samar , Elrafey Dina , Said Mervat
Published: August 2023

Background

Social distancing and hand hygiene were highly recommended by WHO as an effective preventive strategy for the COVID-19 pandemic. However, people differ in their adherence to safety recommendations and may respond in maladaptive ways but the origins of these differences are poorly understood. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between, personality traits, health beliefs, and adaptive or maladaptive behaviors.

Methods

The sample consisted of 1002 Egyptian adults who answered an online survey, which included: the health belief model, Big Five Personality Inventory, and Fear of COVID-19 Scale.

Results

The results showed that females and workers in the medical field were more adherent to adaptive behaviors, while highly educated, and young adults were more liable to maladaptive behaviors. Conscientiousness as a personality trait was directly proportionate with practicing of adaptive behaviors among Egyptians, while higher openness trait was a risk factor for practicing maladaptive behaviors. High perceived hand hygiene and social distance barriers were significant risk factors that decrease the practicing of adaptive behaviors. There was a significant positive relationship between fear of COVID-19 and practicing adaptive behaviors.

Conclusions

Personality traits play an important role in adaptive or maladaptive behavior towards the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings might help in planning prevention programs in the future.
The impact of ontology-based knowledge management on improving tax accounting procedures and reducing tax risks
Authors: Elsayed Raghda Abdellatif Abdelkhalik
Published: August 2023

This paper aims to investigate the impact of ontology-based knowledge management on improving tax accounting procedures and reducing tax risks, specifically focusing on the income tax system in a developing country. To achieve this objective, a mixed methodology approach was adopted, combining quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis methods. The data were gathered through document analysis, interviews, and questionnaires administered to stakeholders in the Egyptian Income Tax Authority. The findings of this study hold significance for both academic researchers and accounting practitioners. The results demonstrate numerous advantages associated with the utilization of ontology in tax management. It has the potential to reduce costs in tax advisory services, minimize errors in tax calculations, and enhance tax revenue generation by promoting transparency and accountability. The empirical analysis further confirms a positive correlation between ontology-based knowledge management and improved accountability procedures, as well as a positive correlation with the reduction of tax risks. These statistically significant relationships (r = 0.85, p < 0.01 and r = 0.79, p < 0.01, respectively) provide empirical evidence of the actual effects of implementing ontology-based knowledge management in improving tax accounting procedures and mitigating tax risks.
Uneven burden of cardiac amyloidosis in people of African descent — global imbalance in resources and access
Authors: Madu Ernest C. , Mezue Kenechukwu
Published: August 2023

Transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (TTR-CA) is now increasingly becoming recognized as an important cause of heart failure, and some studies have shown that as much as a third of diastolic heart failure could be attributed to TTR-CA. Black populations are particularly at risk for TTR-CA as the most common form of the disease (hereditary TTR-CA) has a genetic basis and the gene responsible is most prevalent among people with West African ancestry. This perspective piece explores the challenges that individuals of African and Caribbean populations face when confronted with the burden of TTR-CA. Key issues include the absence of rigorous disease registries, deficits in human resources, a lack of infrastructure for testing and treatment, poor awareness and health literacy, financial limitations including an inadequate public health budget, and the absence of social safety nets. To address these challenges, proactive strategies are needed to build infrastructure and local capacity which will provide the framework for an effective response. Interventions should include healthcare financing mechanisms to protect and care for vulnerable and at-risk populations with a long-term strategy of increasing the financial remuneration for health workers in developing countries to prevent the brain drain. Additionally, pharmaceutical companies need to play an active role in promoting inclusive access and global health equity in the access to the new treatments for TTR-CA which predominantly affects Black populations. Collaborative ventures with international centers of excellence can help improve access in these communities, leveraging their expertise and resources.
The development and validation of the Discrimination and Stigma Scale Ultra Short for People Living with Dementia (DISCUS-Dementia)
Authors: Bhatt Jem , Brohan Elaine , Blasco Drew , Oliveira Déborah , Bakolis Ioannis , Comas-Herrera Adelina , D'Amico Francesco , Farina Nicolas , Knapp Martin , Stevens Madeleine , Thornicroft Graham , Wilson Emma , Salcher-Konrad Maximilian , Yang Lawrence H. , Evans-Lacko Sara
Published: August 2023

Background

The recent World Health Organization (WHO) blueprint for dementia research and Lancet Commission on ending stigma and discrimination in mental health has identified a gap around dementia-related measures of stigma and discrimination that can be used in different cultural, language and regional contexts.

Aims

We aimed to characterise experiences of discrimination, and report initial psychometric properties of a new tool to capture these experiences, among a global sample of people living with dementia.

Method

We analysed data from 704 people living with dementia who took part in a global survey from 33 different countries and territories. Psychometric properties were examined, including internal consistency and construct validity.

Results

A total of 83% of participants reported discrimination in one or more areas of life, and this was similar across WHO Regions. The exploratory factor analysis factor loadings and scree plot supported a unidimensional structure for the Discrimination and Stigma Scale Ultra Short for People Living with Dementia (DISCUS-Dementia). The instrument demonstrated excellent internal consistency, with most of the construct validity hypotheses being confirmed and qualitative responses demonstrating face validity.

Conclusions

Our analyses suggest that the DISCUS-Dementia performs well with a global sample of people living with dementia. This scale can be integrated into large-scale studies to understand factors associated with stigma and discrimination. It can also provide an opportunity for a structured discussion around stigma and discrimination experiences important to people living with dementia, as well as planning psychosocial services and initiatives to reduce stigma and discrimination.
Ultrasonography findings in diabetes and diabetes gastroparesis: A meta-analysis
Authors: Simadibrata Marcellus , Utari Amanda Pitarini , Siswoyo Alvita Dewi , Anastasia Elsha Stephanie , Siregar Trifonia Pingkan , Purnamasari Dyah
Published: August 2023

Background: The gold standard for diagnosis of diabetes gastroparesis (DG) is with gastric emptying scintigraphy (GES) examination. However, GES is not available in every healthcare center worldwide and the examination cost is rather expensive, unlike ultrasonography (USG) examination. This study aims to evaluate gastric changes monitored with USG in diabetes mellitus (DM) and DG. 

Methods: We performed searches from Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Proquest, and Scopus in April 30 – May 6, 2022. Random-effect approach on outcomes, standardized mean-difference (SMD) and 95%-confidence interval (CI) was assessed.

Results: Compared to healthy control; (1) Antral cross-sectional area (CSA) in DM is bigger in fasting (SMD=1.25cm2; 95%CI, 0.79 to 1.71, I2=81%, P<0.05) and postprandial (SMD=3.70 cm2; 95%CI, 1.45 to 5.34, I2=85%, P<0.05). (2) Gastric emptying time (GET) is longer with DG (SMD=75.44min; 95%CI, 31.61 to 119.27, I2=97%) and in DM (SMD=35.54min; 95% CI, 11.49 to 59.60, I2=94%). (3) Gastric half-emptying time (GE50) were found to be longer in DM (SMD=20.73 min; 95%CI, 14.69 to 26.77, I2=60%, P<0.05) and DG (SMD=7.46min; 95%CI, 5.06 to 9.86, I2=68.2%, P<0.05). (4) Smaller gastric emptying rate (GER) in DG (SMD=-31.95%; 95%CI, -42.22% to -21.69%, I2=84%, P<0.05) and DM (SMD=-16.14%; 95%CI, -30.88% to -1.39%, I2=78%, P<0.05). (5) Less antral contraction in DG (SMD=-1.47; 95%CI, -2.61 to -0.33, I2=82%, P<0.05).

Conclusions: Patients with DM and DG have wider antral CSA, longer GET and GE50, reduced GER and reducing antral contraction. USG is useful for assessing gastric emptying in DM and DG.

PROSPERO registration: CRD42022328695 (10/05/2022)
Potential transformation of seagrass (Syringodium isoetifolium) into a bioactive food ingredient using different extraction techniques
Authors: Susilo Bambang , Oktavianty Oke , Rahayu Farida , Handayani Midia Lestari Wahyu , Rohim Abd
Published: August 2023

Background: Syringodium isoetifolium is a seagrass that grows abundantly in Indonesian territorial waters and has been known to be of high significance not only for the seawater ecosystem, but also for human beings (as food, nutritional and pharmaceutical products). In this study, the bioactive constituent of Syringodium isoetifolium was extracted using several different techniques to recover a maximum yield.

Methods: Extraction was carried out by conventional and non-conventional (Microwave-assisted extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction-bath system, and ultrasound-assisted extraction- (UAE) probe system) techniques with green solvents (water, 50% ethanol, and 100% ethanol).

Results: As a result, 50% ethanol and water extracts exhibited a significantly higher yield. Total phenol content was significantly higher for 50% ethanol extract. Different extraction techniques (using 50% ethanol solvent) showed that the UAE-probe was the best technique since it yielded the highest total phenol (17.37 ± 2.16 mg GAE/g) and the richest bioactive compounds (Choline, betaine, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid, 7-Hydroxycoumarine, 4-Methoxycinnamic acid, Zearalenone, Caffeic acid, Levalbuterol, Phloretin, Dihydrocaffeic acid, Quercetin-3β-D-glucoside and Quercetin). Interestingly, choline was the most abundant compound in the extract obtained with different extraction techniques. In this  in silico assay, choline from seagrass extract was shown as an anti-inflammatory. The interaction pathway of the choline compound with receptors (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL6) had a higher binding affinity value than the inhibitor-receptor interaction (i.e. -3.4, -3.0, and -2.8 kcal/mol). The cytotoxicity test on TIG-1 cells showed that the extract did not have a toxic effect on them.

Conclusions: These findings support the potential use of Syringodium isoetifolium as a bioactive food ingredient.
Islamic legal perspectives on digital currencies and how they apply to Jordanian legislation
Authors: Albalawee Nasir , Al Fahoum Amjed S.
Published: August 2023

Background: The industrial transformation requires a speedy shift to financial digitization. One of the needs for financial digitalization in the study of Islamic contracts and Islamic business law is the use of digital platforms with digital currencies. Regarding the merits and downsides of its Sharia restrictions and its halal certification, which is currently under discussion, digital currencies and perks have generated controversy in Jordan and other Islamic countries.

Methods: This study intends to analyze the legal foundations of digital currency from Jordanian and Islamic legal perspectives. The descriptive-qualitative research approach was utilized, and data collection processes included documentation and a literature review. All legal possibilities that may be drawn from Islamic law in order to investigate the legality of digital currencies are explored further and used to obtain the conclusions of this study.

Results: A review of Sharia reasons and consideration for the wellbeing of the people suggests that digital currencies in their current form are incompatible with it and must adhere to the stipulations of Islamic finance. Therefore, digital currencies are unsuitable as a store of value or wealth due to their erratic swings, lack of purchasing power, and instant responsiveness to any technical problem, technical penetration, or official circumstance. Due to market instability, digital currencies can't be utilized to defer payments, settle debts, or repay loans.

Conclusions: Digital currencies are speculative; not real money. Most of those who have this money are speculators seeking a quick payoff. Sharia views digital currency trading as gambling due to its high degree of volatility. Jordan's government should regulate digital currency use to meet demand. Digital currencies must be addressed under e-commerce laws.
Periodical crossing of the laboratory population with the natural population would improve fitness in S. sunia (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Real-Baca C. I. , Zuniga-Gonzalez C. A.
Published: August 2023

Background: The research focused on evaluating the biological and reproductive parameters of the species S. sunia with the introduction of field genetic material, in the Noctuid Insect Breeding Laboratory.

Methods: The study was experimental using three treatments and three repetitions involving 30 individuals each. The individuals were collected from the field and transferred to the laboratory under semi-controlled conditions of temperature and humidity, later they were quarantined for up to three generations for the assembly of the test where the crossing was carried out. In the measurement of the biological and reproductive parameters.

Results: The results of the treatments showed that the biological and reproductive parameters in relation to the number of pupae were T2 34 males and 26 females, T3 was 33 males, and 27 females, T1 obtained 27 males and 33 females. The average weight in female T1 was 0.2112 mg and T2 was 0.2401 mg. The number of eggs in T1 in nine days oviposited 196 egg masses, in T2 in seven days 59 egg masses were oviposited, and in T3 160 egg masses were oviposited. In the length parameter in mm T3 obtained 30 mm in larval development, T1 and T2 obtained 27 mm. Finally, in the development stages, the number of days was for T1 and T2, 24 days, and for T3 18 days. In the adult stages T1 and T2 it was 12 days and for T3 10 days. In the egg stage in the three treatments, it was three days and the pupal stage was eight days.

Conclusions: It is concluded that T2 and T3 presented the most optimal results. It is recommended to introduce genetic material every six months to maintain a good production of larvae of the species under study in laboratories for the production and reproduction of insect breeding.
Identification of high-performing antibodies for Superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] 1 (SOD1) for use in Western blot, immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence
Authors: Ayoubi Riham , Alshafie Walaa , You Zhipeng , Southern Kathleen , McPherson Peter S. , Laflamme Carl
Published: August 2023

Superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] 1 (SOD1), is an antioxidant enzyme encoded by the gene SOD1, responsible for regulating oxidative stress levels by sequestering free radicals. Identified as the first gene with mutations in Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), SOD1 is a determinant for studying diseases of aging and neurodegeneration. With guidance on well-characterized anti-SOD1 antibodies, the reproducibility of SOD1 research would be enhanced. In this study, we characterized eleven SOD1 commercial antibodies for Western blot, immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence using a standardized experimental protocol based on comparing read-outs in knockout cell lines and isogenic parental controls. We identified many high-performing antibodies and encourage readers to use this report as a guide to select the most appropriate antibody for their specific needs.
Performance evaluation and comparative study of three 52-kW PV plants in India: a case study
Authors: Navamani Jayachandran Divya , Kadhirvel Boopathi , Anbazhagan Lavanya , Anbazhagan Geetha , Vishnuram Pradeep , Prasad Reddy
Published: August 2023

Developing countries like India are rapidly transitioning from traditional energy sources to sustainable energy sources, due to the increase in demand and the depletion of fossil fuels. Grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems attract many investors, organizations, and institutions for deployment. This article studies and compares the performance evaluations of three 52-kW PV plants installed at an educational institution, SRMIST (SRM Institute of Science and Technology), in Tamil Nadu, India. This site receives an annual average temperature of 28.5°C and an average global horizontal irradiation of 160 kWh/m2/m. The prediction model for the 52-kW power plant is obtained using solar radiation, temperature, and wind speed. Linear regression model-based prediction equations are derived using the Minitab 16.2.1 software, and the results are compared with the real-time AC energy yield acquired from the three 52-kW plants for the year 2020. Furthermore, this 52-kW plant is designed using PVsyst V7.1.8 version software. The simulation results are compared with the energy yield from the plants in 2020 to identify the shortfall in the plant performance. The loss analysis for the plant is performed by obtaining the loss diagram from the PVsyst software. This study also proposes a methodology to study the commissioned PV plant's performance and determine the interaction between variables such as direct and diffused solar radiations, air temperature, and wind speed for forecasting hourly produced power. This article will motivate researchers to analyze installed power plants using modern technical tools.
Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of bioresorbable collagen membrane in combination with deproteinized bovine bone matrix xenograft (DBBM), and advanced platelet rich fibrin membrane in combination with deproteinized bovine bone matrix xenograft for periodontal regeneration
Authors: Bhagat Shweta , Jaiswal Priyanka , Masurkar Deepika
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Periodontitis is a chronic, multifactorial, inflammatory disease that leads to gradual loss of bone and periodontal attachment. Thus, periodontal surgery is required according to severity of diseases. The goal of periodontal reconstructive surgery is to regenerate soft and hard tissues destroyed during periodontal disease.

Aim: To compare the effectiveness of bioresorbable collagen membrane in combination with Deproteinized Bovine Bone Matrix xenograft (group A); and Advanced Plasma rich fibrin(A-PRF) membrane in combination with Deproteinized Bovine Bone Matrix xenograft (group B) in the treatment of human infrabony defects.

Methods: This randomised controlled trial will be carried out at the periodontics outpatient department. We will choose 24 patients with moderate to advanced chronic periodontitis who are otherwise systemically healthy. Infrabony defects will be treated by open flap debridement using bovine-derived xenograft and bioresorbable collagen membrane (group A) and open flap debridement using bovine-derived xenograft and A-PRF after the completion of first therapy (group B). At baseline and six months after undergoing periodontal surgery, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, radiographic bone fill, gingival recession, oral hygiene status, and gingival health will be measured.

Expected results: It is suggested that Bioresorbable Collagen Membrane in combination with Deproteinized Bovine Bone Matrix xenograft will show better results as compared to Advanced Platelet Rich Fibrin Membrane with Deproteinized Bovine Bone Matrix Xenograft.

Clinical trial registry of India (CTRI): REF/2023/05/066732.

Protocol version: v1 (12/05/23)
Complete mitochondrial genome and the phylogenetic position of a new Annelida species belonging to the genus Syllis
Authors: Chae Jun Young , Kim JinHo , Kang Tae-Wook , Lee Jae il , Lee Hyung-Ho , Kim Moo-Sang
Published: August 2023

The family Syllidae is the most taxonomically complex of the phylum Annelida. Although the gene order in the phylum Annelida's mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is well conserved, several exceptional cases have been reported. In this study, we describe the mitochondrial genome of a Syllis sp. that is 17,092 bp in length and contains 13 mitochondrial protein-coding genes (PCGs), 23 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, including two tRNA-M, two ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, and a putative control region between tRNA-W and tRNA-G distinguished by a single short noncoding region. However, the gene order is not similar to those of other species in the family Syllidae. Phylogenetic analyses of 18S rRNA and 13 PCGs sequences demonstrated that this worm was clustered with other Syllis species in the family Syllidae. This is the first study to reveal the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of a previously unidentified Syllis sp. improving our understanding of the molecular biological characteristics of the poorly known genus Syllis.
To assess the knowledge and attitudes about depression in the general population in the Wardha District, India.
Authors: Thakare Srushti , Mude Gaurav
Published: August 2023

Background: Physical symptoms of depression, especially tiredness, pain, or disturbed sleep, are common. Some people may experience depression as a chronic condition, with more episodes increasing the risk of recurrence. Others may experience a single episode of depression in their lifetime. Given its great incidence and crippling consequences on development, early-onset depression is regarded as one of the most common mental illnesses in children and adolescents which can last into adulthood. The following categories can be used to classify the factors that affect depression susceptibility: genetics, familial environment, individual characteristics, and extreme stress. Gender, history of depression in the family, subclinical symptoms, poor cognitive style, and negative life events are also main risk factors.

Methods: This protocol is for an observational study, which will take place over a four month period in the Wardha district. Participants will be recruited via the Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital (AVBRH) as a medical center from the general population. A piloted questionnaire with a Likert scale will be completed by the participants enrolled in the study with assistance from interviewers. Frequency percentage, mean, and SD will be calculated to understand the relationship between various demographic variables and knowledge. Chi-square tests will also be used.

Distribution:  The data collection of this study is supposed to be completed August 2023 and the results will be communicated to the external funding body through formal report. In addition, the trial results will be communicated to the public through publishing as dataset and original research published in the relevant scientific journals.
Are circadian amplitudes and periods correlated? A new twist in the story
Authors: del Olmo Marta , Schmal Christoph , Mizaikoff Camillo , Grabe Saskia , Gabriel Christian , Kramer Achim , Herzel Hanspeter
Published: August 2023

Three parameters are important to characterize a circadian and in general any biological clock: period, phase and amplitude. While circadian periods have been shown to correlate with entrainment phases, and clock amplitude influences the phase response of an oscillator to pulse-like zeitgeber signals, the co-modulations of amplitude and periods, which we term twist, have not been studied in detail. In this paper we define two concepts: parametric twist refers to amplitude-period correlations arising in ensembles of self-sustained clocks in the absence of external inputs, and phase space twist refers to the co-modulation of an individual clock's amplitude and period in response to external zeitgebers. Our findings show that twist influences the interaction of oscillators with the environment, facilitating entrainment, fastening recovery to pulse-like perturbations or modifying the response of an individual clock to coupling. This theoretical framework might be applied to understand the emerging properties of other oscillating systems.
Traditional medicine in Incahuasi: An ethnobotanical study
Authors: Morales Ramos Jorge Guillermo , León-Figueroa Darwin A. , Picón Pérez María Susana , Arbulú Ballesteros Marco Agustín , Llontop Ynga Enrique Guillermo , Coaguila Cusicanqui Luis A. , Morales Ramírez Sofía Mariagracia , Chirinos Ríos Carlos Alberto
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Understanding the use of medicinal plants as herbal medicines is considered essential for the survival and continuity of humanity. Since ancient times, the origin and development of natural and traditional medicine have been intrinsically linked to humanity struggle for survival. Nowadays, ethnobotanical studies are employed as a tool for the preservation and conservation not only of taxonomic biodiversity but also of cultural biodiversity.

Methodology: A descriptive research with a quantitative, non-experimental cross-sectional design was carried out. The study was conducted in six Quechua-speaking communities in the district of Incahuasi (3,000 meters above sea level), selected for convenience considering factors such as altitude, accessibility, and proximity to the city. A questionnaire was administered to 32 residents from the communities, who shared their knowledge about medicinal plants, providing relevant information about them. The gender of the participants was considered because men and women use traditional medicine and the knowledge of them is transmitted from parents to children.

Results: During the study, a total of 46 medicinal species were recorded, belonging to 42 genera and 22 botanical families. The most representative medicinal families used by the informants of the communities were Asteraceae (30.4%) and Lamiaceae (15.2%). It is also worth mentioning the genera Salvia and Baccharis, with 3 and 2 species respectively, which are commonly used to treat various ailments and diseases.

Conclusions: Ethnobotanical information was collected on the medicinal plants used by the community members of the selected communities in Incahuasi, and the corresponding data were recorded. A total of 46 plants were collected, with the majority belonging to the Asteraceae and Lamiaceae families.
Mental health problems of entrepreneurs during the COVID-19 health crisis: Fear, anxiety, and stress. A systematic review
Authors: Fernández-Bedoya Víctor Hugo , Meneses-La-Riva Monica Elisa , Suyo-Vega Josefina Amanda , Stephanie Gago-Chávez Johanna de Jesús
Published: August 2023

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a global impact, affecting millions of people and causing various symptoms, leading to social distancing, and quarantine measures. This has impacted the global economy, employment, and education, resulting in widespread school and business closures. Entrepreneurs have had to face the difficult decision of whether to continue or pause their operations during the pandemic, which could result in mental health problems such as fear, anxiety, or stress. The primary objective of this research is to identify mental health issues faced by entrepreneurs during the pandemic, including the countries of origin, conclusions, and lessons learned.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted in the SCOPUS database, providing 93 initial results that were later filtered, resulting in 18 final records. These records allowed for the identification of scientific evidence detailing the mental health problems that entrepreneurs faced during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Results: We found that the COVID-19 pandemic has presented challenges for entrepreneurs, leading to increased stress and burnout. However, some have coped by seeking support, using digital technology, and adopting innovative business models. Entrepreneurship can positively impact well-being by allowing individuals to pursue meaningful work aligned with their values. Effective communication with customers is essential for maintaining businesses and building loyalty. The pandemic has highlighted the need for specialized psychological support tailored to entrepreneurs' unique challenges. Finally, entrepreneurship can address societal challenges with a focus on social impact and sustainability.

Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about significant challenges for entrepreneurs, resulting in heightened stress and burnout. Despite this, many entrepreneurs have adapted and coped by seeking support, leveraging digital technology, and embracing innovative business models.
Implementation of the digital government public policy in Colombia: Lessons learned from public entities
Authors: Puentes-Poloche Maribel , Guzmán Rincón Alfredo , Cala-Vitery Favio
Published: August 2023

The digital government policy aims to improve the efficiency, transparency, and quality of the services provided by the state. Research on this policy has been conducted from the perspective of the interaction between the state and each of the actors in society, neglecting the decisive role of public entities in its proper implementation. This policy brief focuses on the Colombian case and aimed to provide evidence to decision-makers and public entities on which variables should intervene to effectively implement the digital government policy. The recommendations given arise from a regression model, which identified that variables of web accessibility and usability, IPV6 adoption, the strategic component of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) use, the use of emerging technologies, transparency, and access to public information should be intervened.
The complete chloroplast genome of Phyllanthus acidus (L.) Skeels (Phyllanthaceae)
Authors: Nguyen Hoang Danh , Nguyen Thi Diem Quynh , Vu Minh Thiet , Do Hoang Dang Khoa
Published: August 2023

Phyllanthus acidus (L.) Skeels (Phyllanthaceae) is a potential medicinal plant recognized for its sour and tart tasted fruits. In this study, the chloroplast genome of P. acidus was sequenced, assembled, and characterized. The chloroplast genome size was 156,331 bp and the overall GC content was 36.9%. Additionally, the chloroplast genome had a quadripartite structure consisting of a large single copy (LSC; 85,807 bp in length; GC content: 34.6%), a small single copy (SSC; 19,262 bp in length; GC content: 30.6%), and two inverted repeat regions (IR; 25,631 bp in length; GC content: 43.1%). A total of 113 unique genes were annotated in the chloroplast genome, comprising 79 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNAs, and four rRNAs. The phylogenetic analysis based on 79 protein-coding genes revealed the paraphyly of the Phyllanthus genus. These findings provided additional genetic information for further research on P. acidus and the cp genome in the Phyllanthaceae family.
Privacy regulations and economic efficiency: a dynamic perspective
Authors: Dilme Francesc
Published: August 2023

There are important public debates on how—or even whether—to regulate information about previous transactions in different markets. Examples are the regulation of cookies in online markets, secrecy laws in financial markets, and transparency directives in government purchases. In these debates, considerations of economic efficiency and fairness are central. Do more lenient information policies increase market efficiency? Do internet users benefit from cookies? Does more secrecy increase trade volume in financial markets? Does transparency on previous agreements deteriorate the bargaining power of public agencies?

This essay sheds light on the answers to these questions using insights from economic theory. We do so by analyzing a simple, stylized setting where the incentives of different agents in the market will be clear. Our focus is on the dynamic effects of information regulations, as a trader's incentive to reveal or conceal information is driven by its future use by other traders. We use our setting to assess the implications of information regulations on behavior, trade efficiency, or social welfare.
An Exact Approach for Solving Pickup-and-Delivery Traveling Salesman Problems with Neighborhoods
Authors: Gao Cai , Wei Ningji , Walteros Jose L.
Published: August 2023

This paper studies a variant of the traveling salesman problem, called the pickup-and-delivery traveling salesman problem with neighborhoods, that combines traditional pickup and delivery requirements with the flexibility of visiting the customers at locations within compact neighborhoods of arbitrary shape. We derive two optimality conditions for the problem, a local condition that verifies whether a given tour is locally optimal at the visiting points and a global condition that can be used to cut off suboptimal regions of the neighborhoods. We model the problem as a mixed-integer nonlinear program and propose a generalized Benders decomposition to solve instances of the problem with convex and nonconvex neighborhoods. Finally, we conduct extensive computational experiments to demonstrate the efficacy of our solution framework.

Supplemental Material: The e-companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2022.0138 .
Incidentally diagnosed large asymptomatic Morgagni hernia in adult male patient
Authors: Misimi Shqipe , Shurlani Arben , Nikolovski Andrej
Published: August 2023

Background: Congenital diaphragmatic hernias are rare congenital defects resulting in abdominal organ protrusion into the thoracic cavity; they mainly present with pulmonary or gastrointestinal symptoms. Although congenital and discovered in utero or in early childhood, they can be asymptomatic for a long time and even remain asymptomatic despite the growing hernia sac dimensions and the hernia sac contents. Case description: We present a case of a 58-year-old patient with incidentally diagnosed Morgagni hernia during the COVID-19 pandemic following a computerised tomography (CT) scan of the chest. He presented without any symptoms related to the existence of the hernia. Another CT scan was performed 20 months after the initial diagnosis to evaluate the progression of the hernia. The patient refused the offered surgery due to the absence of symptoms. Discussion: A Morgagni hernia is usually discovered during pregnancy or in early childhood, but sometimes can be asymptomatic for years. Main symptoms originate from the respiratory and gastrointestinal system. Conclusion: Due to the refusal of surgery, we were able to follow the CT scan enlargement progression of patients’ hernia over a 20-month period.
Cost-effectiveness of levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel in treating people with advanced Parkinson's disease
Authors: Raj Sonia , Sarvankar Rekha , Filipe Luís , Benedetto Valerio , Mason Nicola , Dawber Jennifer , Hill James , Clegg Andrew
Published: August 2023

Advanced Parkinson's disease causes further deterioration in the physical and cognitive functions of patients with existing Parkinson's disease. This commentary critically assesses an economic evaluation which compared the cost-effectiveness of levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel against standard of care in treating patients with advanced Parkinson's disease. While the economic evaluation indicated that levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel could be cost-effective within the UK parameters, the authors of this commentary highlight important limitations related to its design, modelling and analysis. Future research should consider the incorporation of a separate arm dedicated to the re-infusion of apomorphine in eligible patients with advanced Parkinson's disease, a wider set of levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel adverse events and related costs, and a sub-group analysis on different socioeconomic strata.
The future of bladder and bowel care in Wales: translating policy into action
Authors: Thomas Sue
Published: August 2023

The formation of public policy relies on decisions made by the political leadership within a government. However, these decisions are usually shaped by a multitude of other factors and different stakeholders, including civil servants, professionals and citizens. Nonetheless, how is policy made and how is this translated into action? Sue Thomas highlights how a parliamentary debate in Wales is set to influence policy making in the Wales principality for the management of incontinence.
Research Roundup
Authors: Winter George
Published: August 2023

George Winter provides an overview of recently published articles that may be of interest to practice nurses. Should you wish to look at any of the papers in more detail, a full reference is provided.