bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peningkatan Kapasitas Dan Kualitas Pengolahan Produk Hasil Laut Di Surabaya Untuk Menembus Pasar Ekspor
Authors: Kusnarsiyah Erna Ferrinadewi
Published: September 2018

In an effort to exploit Indonesia's rich marine potential of a variety of fish and given the large contribution of the growth of the fishery sector to Indonesia's gross domestic product, the seafood processing industry needs to improve the competitiveness of its products in order to increase the value of sea-based exports which in turn will improve the welfare of the community. SMEs engaged in the processing of seafood have not utilized science and technology in the production process so that found obstacles in the speed and fulfillment of export demand to neighboring countries. There are many work errors so shipping the product does not meet the standard of demand. The length of time the SMEs in fulfilling the buyer demand is caused by the length of the production process into the product ready to send. This work error results in the quality of the delivered product not meeting the health standards and the buyer's request. The ergonomic sorting table provides 2% reduction in work errors and the provision of wash tables designed to reduce work fatigue and the use of heating ovens to replace the sunlight function of the Cucumber products can increase the employee's working speed from 4 days to 2 days to prepare the product to send .
Pengaruh Ketidakpastian Lingkungan dan Karakteristik Informasi Akuntansi Manajemen terhadap Kinerja Manajerial (Studi pada Perusahaan BUMN di Jawa Timur)
Authors: JAYANTI RENI DWI , WIDODO HERI
Published: September 2018

The objective of the study is to identify the relationship between uncertainty environment variable and characteristic variable of management accounting information toward the managerial work performance variable at BUMN organization in East Java. The sample is taken from the population of managers and their assistants in the organization. The study uses simple random sampling technique. The result of the study proves that the uncertainty environment variable and management accounting information influence the managerial work performance variable simultaneously. Temporarily, the characteristics variable of management accounting information influences the managerial work performance partially. The study determination coefficient is 16.7%, and its remnants (83.3%) shows that the managerial work performance variable influenced by the other variables out of the study.
Pengaruh Kesiapan Perubahan Organisasional terhadap Pembelajaran Organisasional
Authors: MUAFI MUAFI
Published: September 2018

This study examines if organizational change readiness will affect the organizational learning and using data from the Indonesian state-owned company that has recently been merged with other stated owned companies.  This study devises a multifaceted model based on three constructs of organizational change readiness, namely aggressive attitude toward change, passive attitude toward change and the readiness attitude in coordination with change, and tests their effects on organizational learning, including knowledge creation and expantion.  Empirical results indicate that organizational change readiness have positive affect to organizational learning. Pengaruh Kesiapan Perubahan Organisasional terhadap Pembelajaran Organisasional
Pengaruh Pendidikan dan Pelatihan, Pengalaman Kerja, Kompetensi terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada UKM di Bangkalan
Authors: FAIDAL FAIDAL , ANSHORI M ISA
Published: September 2018

This research is to analyze the direct and indirect effect of human resource development to employee performance through the competence. This research was conducted at the SME’s sector in Bangkalan, Madura. There were 87 questionnaires that were able to be analyzed further from questionnaires distributed. Those data was analyzed by path analysis method. The result of data analysis showed that the education and training (X1) and working experience (X2) significantly gave direct influence to the competence (Z) each of them have 0.341 and 0.434. Moreover, the research also showed that education and training (X1) and working experience (X2) significantly had an effect on employee performance (Y) each of them have 0.486 and 0.472 directly and indirectly each of them have 0.263 and 0.335. At last, the effect of competence to the employee performance, showed that the competence (Z) significantly gave direct effect to the employee performance (Y) are 0.771 at the SME’s Bangkalan. There are two important implications from this research to the SME’s Bangkalan. Firstly, the implementation of the human resource development in order to increase the competence and the employee performance was optimal, therefore it should be continued and be maintained. Secondly, the improvement of the employee performance and the competence could be done by considering the effective implementation of human resource development.
Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi dan Stres Kerja terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan pada PT. Kereta Api Indonesia Persero Daop 8 Surabaya
Authors: Amilia Sista Prilia Nisa , Nugrohoseno Dwiarko
Published: September 2018

Changes require organizational changes to its organizational culture as the culture as a reference to coordinate the behavior of employees to achieve organizational goals, and of the employees who adaptation back to a new environment. This study aims to describe and analyze wheter organizational culture and job stress employee job satisfaction. The study took place at PT. Kereta Api Indonesia Persero Daop 8 Surabaya. Sampling technique that used was proportionate stratified random sampling. Methods of the statistical analysis that used were multiple linear regression with the help of SPSS 1.8 software. the results showed that organizational culture have a significant positive influence on employee job satisfaction, job stress had not significant influence on employee job satisfaction, organizational culture and job stress have a significant simultant influence on employee job satisfaction.
Pengaruh Pengetahuan Produk dan Persepsi Kualitas Produk terhadap Keputusan Pembelian pada Kosmetik Organik
Authors: Yoesmanam Indarto Candra
Published: September 2018

Knowledge of the people and businesses that increase would be so many impacts generated by used biohazard ingredients on cosmetics, resulting in the increasing the level of awareness of concern for the importance of the healty. It was addressed by marketers to perform marketing activities of the healty, so that the term green marketing. One of them by launching green products. Melilea is organic corporate the launching organic products in Indonesia. The innovation organic cosmetic,give impact on consumer behavior in increase the knowledge and perception of the products that can influence consumer purchase intentions.This research aims to analyze and discuss the influence of product knowledge and perception quality of product on organic cosmetics Melilea to purchase intentions. The type of this research is quantitative. The sampling technique that used was snawball sampling with sample size of 110 respondents. Statistics analysis used was multiple linear regression to know level of the influence.The results showed that the the influence of product knowledge and perception quality of product on purchase decision is 20.3% that value koefisian determination (adjusted R2), while the remaing 79.7% is influenced by other variables outside of research. In this study, dominant influence internet product knowledge with values is 0,291 while the perception quality of product variables with value is 0,122.
Pengaruh DAR, Ukuran Perusahaan, Risiko, Pajak, dan Likuiditas terhadap Profitabilitas Perusahaan Sektor Pertambangan di Indonesia
Authors: Kusuma Robi Pramana
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this research was to understand the influence of DAR (Debt to Asset Ratio) , size, risk, tax, and liquidity on profitability (Return On Asset Ratio). This research is classified under a casual research and using purposive sampling method, thus 27 companies have been acquired that meet the criteria. A data analysis technique was used multiple linier regression analysis. The object of this study were listed mining sector company of Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2011 – 2015. The data is documented from company financial and annual report. The methods of data analysis were multiple regression model. The result of this study indicates that DAR, risk, tax, and liquidity has no influence on company’s profitability. Meanwhile, size of the company has a positive influence on company’s profitability that represented by return on asset ratio.
PENGARUH KUALITAS PELAYANAN JASA TERHADAP KEPUASAN PELANGGAN (STUDI ORENZTAXI DI SURABAYA)
Authors: Noerchoidah Noerchoidah
Published: September 2018

Purpose of this study for examine and analyze the influence of the quality of service that consists of physical evidence, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy for customers satisfaction Orenztaxi. This study used a quantitative research using surveys and questionnaires to 100 Orenztaxi customers in Surabaya. The data analysis technique used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis. It was found that the variable quality of services consisting of physical evidence, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy simultaneously have an influence on customers satisfaction at Orenztaxi Surabaya and the variable quality of services consisting of physical evidence, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy partially positive and significant effect on customers satisfaction at Orienztaxi Surabaya.
Novel Drought Hazard Monitoring Framework for Decision Support Under Data Scarcity
Authors: Real-Rangel Roberto A. , Pedrozo-Acuña Adrián , Breña-Naranjo J. Agustín , Alcocer-Yamanaka Víctor H.
Published: September 2018

Droughts are among the weather-related disasters, which affects most people around the world. Its large spatial extent and slowly, creeping onset, makes it difficult to define its start and end. Indeed, monitoring and early warning systems for drought hazards are recognized as critical activities of risk governance. Nevertheless, in many regions of the world, the scarcity of direct observations of climatological and hydrological variables, hinder an adequate follow-up and investigation of this phenomenon. This paper introduces a novel framework to generate drought hazard maps and time series, at national and regional levels, based on univariate and multivariate standardized drought indices. Notably, we utilize freely and globally available, gridded datasets of hydrological variables derived from remote sensing and data assimilation systems (e.g., rainfall, soil moisture, streamflow), which are verified against in situ measurements. A good performance of the framework is documented through the comparison of results against observed drought events in Mexico. This paves the road towards its use in other regions of the world, where data scarcity is an issue for drought monitoring activities.
Serial Application of SWAT and CE-QUAL-W2 to Predict Water Quality Dynamics in the Basin and Lake of the Yongdam Dam, Korea to Analyze Climate Change Effects
Authors: Seo Dongil , Park Jongtae , Koo Youngmin
Published: September 2018

Long term changes in pollutant loadings and water quality of the Yongdam Lake due to climate changes were estimated by using a basin model and a surface water quality model in series. Two Representative Concentration Pathways scenarios, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, that stabilize radiative force at 4.5 W/m2 (significant reduction) and 8.5 W/m2 (current trend), respectively, were applied and their impacts were predicted. The SWAT model was selected in the basin to predict flow rates and loadings of major pollutants to the lake. Then, the CE-QUAL-W2 model was used to estimate water levels and water concentrations in the study lake. Both models were applied for 6 years from 2010 to 2015 and the latter three years were used for calibrations discarding the first three year warming up periods’ results. Using the both models, future flow rate and water concentration were estimated for 80 years from 2016 to 2095. The RCP8.5 scenario application results shows future flow rate and water quality concentrations will be increased in flood seasons and decreased in dry seasons. This result indicates that drought and flood will become more serious and also their effects on water quality will become more serious in the future. The RCP4.5 scenario showed greater increase in flow rates and TSS and TP concentrations than RCP8.5 scenarios despite the significant reduction in green house gas. This may be caused by increased air temperature followed by increased evapotranspiration that led surface runoff reduction in the basin area of the RCP8.5. This study suggests that dependent on characteristics of local climate change effect, impacts on the environmental may be different. Also, temporal distributions of precipitation pattern during simulation period and also in a year must be investigated thoroughly as simple arithmetic averages may not reflect detailed phenomena appropriately.
Spatially Distributed Hydrological Modelling of a Western Africa Basin
Authors: Bâ Khalidou M. , Diaz Vitali , Gómez-Albores Miguel Angel , Díaz-Delgado Carlos , Nájera-Mota Nancy , Seidou Ousmane , Ortiz Febe
Published: September 2018

Distributed hydrological simulations aid to investigate the spatio-temporal behaviour of hydrological variables. However, data to feed hydrological models are not always available mainly due to lack of gauges or high retrieval fees. In this research, two 0.25- degree daily precipitation databases from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) were tested to simulate daily runoff in the basin of the main Upper Niger River tributary. Precipitation data are TRMM and TRMM Real Time (RT) 3B42V7. For runoff simulation, the grid-based hydrological model CEQUEAU was chosen. To estimate the evaporation in the model, temperatures were retrieved from the third-generation reanalysis ERA-Interim. From gauges and both TRMM data, monthly basin precipitation was calculated and compared to analyse the performance of TRMM to estimate rainfall. Runoff was simulated with each of these three precipitation products. In each case, the daily ERA-Interim temperatures were used. By Nash-Sutcliffe model Efficiency (NSE) and coefficient of determination (R2), model performance was evaluated through comparison of daily discharges with simulations for both calibration and validation periods. Results show correlation of TRMM by 0.95 and TRMMRT by 0.91 with gauge data. Both TRMM products combined with ERA-Interim temperature were found suitable for daily runoff modelling with NSE >0.835 and R2 >0.872.
Impact of Water Supply on Energy Use and Carbon Dioxide in Jing-Jin-Ji Region, China
Authors: He Guohua , Zhao Yong , Wang Jianhua , Li Haihong , Zhu Yongnan , Jiang Shan
Published: September 2018

Significant energy resources are used for water supply in Jing-Jin-Ji region with the rapid urbanization and economy increase. Yet the interrelations between water and energy have not received adequate attention in the country. In order to fill this gap, this paper performs a regional-level quantitative assessment of electricity consumption on water produce (including water extraction, desalination and recycled water reuse), as well as analyzed carbon dioxide emission caused by energy used in 2015. The results show that total energy consumption for water supply amounts to 255.63 million kWh of electricity, and 0.27 million ton of carbon released in water supply progress. Due to the differences in water supply structure and water use amount, the energy consumption and carbon release of water supply in Hebei province is higher than Beijing and Tianjin city. Given increasing water supply demand, the implementation of the most stringent water management system may increase the energy consumption, and the trend of future climate change is not conducive to the conservation of water resources and energy in Jing-Jin-Ji region.
Application System for Integrated Water and Water Environment Management in the Hai River Basin
Authors: Yang Guiyu , Wang Hao , Jia Yangwen , Lei Xiaohui , Shao Weiwei , Yang Zhaohui
Published: September 2018

The ECI is a multi-hazard index which has been developed in the context of the eXtreme Climate Facilities (XCF) project lead by ARC (African Risk Capacity) with the objective of detecting the occurrence of climate extremes over the African continent. The main hazards covered by ECI are the extreme dry, wet and heat events. However, the definition of ECI allows for the integration of additional hazards in the same index. The index has been designed and widely tested across Africa. The objective of this study is to test the usability and potential application of the same index under different climate regimes that are typical of the mid-latitudes, including the Mediterranean area and northern Europe. The analysis presented in this study shows that the ECI allows an accurate detection of extreme cold/heat waves as well as events of abundant precipitation across Europe over the last decades
Scale-Invariance Generalized Logistic (GLO) Model for Estimating Extreme Design Rainfalls in the Context of Climate Change
Authors: Nguyen Truong-Huy , Nguyen Van-Thanh-Van
Published: September 2018

Statistical models based on the scale-invariance (or scaling) concept has increasingly become an essential tool for modeling extreme rainfall processes over a wide range of time scales. In particular, in the context of climate change these scaling models can be used to describe the linkages between the distributions of sub-daily extreme rainfalls (ERs) and the distribution of daily ERs that is commonly provided by global or regional climate simulations. Furthermore, the Generalized Logistic distribution (GLO) has been recommended in UK for modeling of extreme hydrologic variables. Therefore, the main objective of the present study is to propose a scaling GLO model for modeling ER processes over different time scales. The feasibility and accuracy of this model were assessed using ER data from a network of 21 raingages located in Ontario, Canada. Results of this assessment based on different statistical criteria have indicated the comparable performance of the proposed scaling GLO model as compared to other popular models in practice. Furthermore, an illustrative application of the proposed model for evaluating the climate change impacts on the ERs in Ontario using the available NASA downscaled regional climate simulations has demonstrated the accuracy and robustness of the GLO model.
Assessment of Surface Moisture in the Catchment Area on the Base of Modelling the Hydrological Properties of Soils
Authors: Ilinich Vitaly , Bolotov Andrey , Makarychev Sergey , Shein Evgeny
Published: September 2018

The research is dedicated to estimation of soil moisture before storm rain flood for calculations of water erosion on the catchment. Modeling of hydrological properties of soils is used for characteristic of the soil moisture. The model based at technologies of multiple nonlinear regression, as well as the method of artificial neural networks.
Centrality Metrics for Water Distribution Networks
Authors: Simone Antonietta , Ridolfi Luca , Laucelli Daniele , Berardi Luigi , Giustolisi Orazio
Published: September 2018

Complex Network Theory (CNT) studies theoretical and physical systems as networks, considering their features deriving from the internal connectivity between elements defined as vertex and links. In order to quantify the importance of these elements in real networked systems, researches proposed several centrality metrics.

The use of CNT centrality metrics for analysis, planning and management of infrastructure networks (streets, water systems, etc.), for example in terms of reliability and vulnerability, is today a relevant issue also considering their influences in socio- economics and environmental matters. From CNT standpoint, water distribution networks (WDNs) are infrastructure networks that can be analyzed considering some peculiar features deriving from their spatial characteristics.

The paper focuses on CNT centrality metrics and proposes novel hydraulic centrality metrics useful for understanding the WDNs behavior. Furthermore, the study is intended to evaluate the feasibility of coupling hydraulic and topologic centrality metrics based on links, in order to obtain information that are more useful from the hydraulic point of view. This way, centrality metrics of the CNT become a complementary tool to hydraulic modelling for WDNs analysis and management.
Simulation of Scouring Process Downstream of a Hydraulic Structure and Analysis of the Effect of Vegetation
Authors: Termini Donatella
Published: September 2018

In the present work a 1-D numerical model is applied to simulate the evolution of scouring process and the variation of the bed shear stress during transients. By the help of the model and by using experimental data collected in a straight flume, the paper also investigates how the presence of flexible vegetation on the bed could limit the evolution of the erosion process.
Considering Water Footprint in Reservoir Adaptation to Climate Change: an Evolutionary Approach
Authors: Galvao Carlos , Machado Érica , Kolokytha Elpida , Skoulikaris Haris
Published: September 2018

Reservoir management usually considers short- to medium-term operation horizons. However, climate change and other longer term societal changes pose a challenge for planning water utilization from reservoirs. The key aspect is how to incentive behaviour change towards gradual adaptation. We propose an evolutionary approach to model adaptation, considering the Water Footprint as the main criterion for driving adaptation in long-term. The approach is tested in a case in Brazil, revealing promising preliminary results.
Practical Application of Optimization Techniques to Drinking Water Distribution Problems
Authors: van Thienen Peter , Vertommen Ina , van Laarhoven Karel
Published: September 2018

Numerical tools for the optimization of several aspects of drinking water distribution networks have been around for some time now and are widely discussed in the scientific literature. However, their successful practical application remains a challenge, especially when combining multiple objectives and operational boundary conditions. In this contribution, we describe a number of optimization cases, including the optimization approaches applied. We discuss the technical and practical challenges that are faced when applying numerical optimization techniques to real world problems of water utilities.
Floodbook: a Social Platform for Flood Hydrology
Authors: Isacco Silvia , Claps Pierluigi , Grasso Susanna , Ferrari Ennio , Guercio Maria Bernadette , Musumeci Rosaria Ester , Scarcella Graziella Emanuela , Versace Pasquale , Laio Francesco
Published: September 2018

New technologies provide a new great source of information, increasing the available knowledge in many different fields, including hydrology. With this work we wish to share with the Hydroinformatics community an attempt in the direction of using the social media to increase the general understanding of the areas affected by flooding events in Italy. We have developed “Floodbook”, an online platform aimed at constituting a database for flood-damaged areas in Italy, trying to fill the knowledge gap of flood events occurring in small and ungauged basins. The platform invites citizens to contribute posting geotagged contents, photos or videos, on the social media; these contents are collected and elaborated to provide a clear, yet rigorous and comprehensive, picture of the event. Some case studies are described to show how this data collection can be used to improve flood extent assessment and flood dynamics reconstruction.
Matrix Formulation of Steady/Unsteady-State Models in Complex Pressurized Pipe Systems.
Authors: Todini Ezio , Ferrante Marco
Published: September 2018

The use of transients as a diagnostic tool in pressurized pipe networks requires reliable and efficient numerical models. The traditional models derived in the frequency domain as solutions to the linearized water hammer equations, namely the impulse response and the transfer matrix methods, are efficient in the simulation but are not suited for complex arbitrarily configured networks. An alternative frequency domain formulation is the Network Admittance Matrix Method (NAMM), where the equations are reorganized into a matrix form using graph-theoretic concepts. In this paper the similitude between steady-state Global Gradient Approach (GGA) and the unsteady- state and NAMM formulation are explored. The resulting improvements on the efficiency of the models are tested on two case studies.
Short-Term Reservoir System Operation for Flood Mitigation with 1D Hydraulic Model
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Hao , Gourbesville Philippe , Vo Ngoc Duong
Published: September 2018

Artificial reservoir operation is expected to affect significantly the flood disaster. It becomes more complicatedly towards the large systems where the operation of each reservoir has to meet fully with the systematic objective. Consequently, reservoir operation optimization is considered as a key factor to control the flood disaster at downstream area. Due to energy demand, more than twenty hydropower plants have been constructed over 10,350 km2 of Vu Gia Thu Bon river catchments. The system has contributed importantly for economy development when provides annually a green electrical quantity up to 6 Terawatt-hour (TWh). Therefore, operation of system has still several limitations. It is judged to make the natural disaster increase in recent years. In order to reduce negative impacts of artificial reservoir system, four largest reservoirs are selected to simulate in this study. The simulation is carried out via Structure Control (SO) module of MIKE 11 model (DHI). The performance of operational scenario is demonstrated via the relation with the water level at two stations. The study is expected to provide an overview of the impact of artificial reservoir operation to flood disasters, as well as propose a new strategy to operate optimally the hydropower plants in Vu Gia Thu Bon catchments.
Land Use/Land Cover Changes Monitoring and Analysis of Dubai Emirate, UAE Using Multi-Temporal Remote Sensing Data
Authors: Mohamed Mohamed Mostafa , Elmahdy Samy
Published: September 2018

Dubai is a rapidly urbanizing emirate with land development succeeding at a fast pace. The present study aims to develop a low-cost classifier based on the spectral angle mapper (SAM) and image difference (ID) algorithms. The proposed approach was developed in order to improve Land use/ Land cover (LULC) classification maps for the purpose of monitoring and analysing LULC change during the period from 2000 to 2015 for the Emirate of Dubai. The approach starts by collecting 320 training samples from high resolution images such as QuickBird with a spatial resolution of 60 cm followed by applying a 3×3 spatial convulsion filter, majority/ minority analysis, sieving classes and clump map of the produced LULC maps. After that, the accuracy of the maps were assigned using confusion matrix. The accuracy assessment demonstrated that the targeted 2000, 2005,2010 and 2015 LULC maps have 88.125%, 89.069%, 90.122% and 96.096% accuracy, respectively. The results exhibited that the built-up areas increased by 233.72 km2 (5.81%) from 2000 to 2005 and keeps to increase even up and till the present time. The results also showed that the changes in the periods 2000-2005 and 2010-2015 confirmed that net vegetation area loses were more obvious from 2005 to 2005 than from 2010 to 2015, reducing from 47.618 km2 to 40,820 km2, respectively. This study is of great help to urban planners and decision makers.
Evaluation of Low Impact Development Using EPA SWMM-LID Modeling
Authors: Kim Jungho , Joo Jingul
Published: September 2018

This study implemented the evaluation of Low Impact Development (LID) using SWMM-LID model developed by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), to assess the quantitative performance of LID facilities (seven type of LID facilities installed, vegetation place, plants garden pot, tree filter box, permeable pavement, infiltration ditch, rain barrel, infiltration rain-block). SWMM-LID modeling was useful to reflect the LID design into the model using the technical content representing LID facility in SWMM-LID. In the event-based result, the stormwater reduction was considerable since the reduction in average was 76.6% by the LID facilities. In the long- term result, the range of the reduction in average was 11.5~77.7% for seven types of LID facilities, and the average reduction for the total drainage area was 22.9%. The monthly reduction rate was affected by total rainfall depth and rainfall intensity.
Flood Control by Water Reservoir with Account of Runoff Forecast
Authors: Cavalli Alessandro , Ilinich Vitaly , Veliev Ilyyas
Published: September 2018

The research is aimed on development of providing additional information to the person making decisions regarding the flood control by water reservoir with help of both short term forecast of runoff together with stochastic forecast. The study proposes an approach to managing a complex reservoir that operates in rapidly developing summer floods, but at the same time during the year, but in different years there may be both floods and droughts, for which a large supply of water is needed reservoir.
A Real-Time Optimal Gate Operation Model for Urban Drainage Systems
Authors: Jafari Fatemeh , Mousavi S. Jamshid , Kim Joong Hoon
Published: September 2018

Flooding is a phenomenon that endangers human being life and property. There are many structural and non-structural options that can be considered in order to reduce destructive effects of flooding. In this study, we propose a new methodology to enhance the performance of a real-time optimal operation model for flood mitigation in urban drainage systems. An online real-time model is developed as a simulation-optimization approach that leads to optimal operational policies based on the real-time rainfall information. Rainfall-runoff processes and hydraulic routing in the pipes are simulated by the EPA stormwater management model (SWMM) which is linked to the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, evaluating the system operation performance for assorted sets of operating policies. The initial solution in the real-time model is obtained by a long-term optimal operation model based on historical past flood events. The approach is validated by applying it to a portion of the urban drainage system in Tehran, the capital of Iran, consisting of a prototype network of pipes and detention reservoir equipped with controllable gates. Results show that the proposed strategy in introducing a reasonable initial solution to the real-time model can successfully enhance the performance of the model.
A Tool for Daily Demand Pattern Generation
Authors: Gargano Rudy , Tricarico Carla , Santopietro Simone , de Marinis Giovanni , Silvagni Guglielmo
Published: September 2018

A correct water demand characterization is at the base of a reliable water distribution system simulation. The stochastic nature of water demand is well established and thus has to be addressed. In the present work a methodology to generate synthetic demand patterns interpolating known points by means of piecewise interpolation has been implemented in Python. Subsequently a stochastic approach has been applied to the interpolated demand patterns, which is based on a mixed probability distribution. Such approach considers the dual nature of water demand as continuous and discrete random variable, in order to contemplate both the event of it being null and not null. The needed parameters are obtainable through simple equations depending solely on the number of served users.
Multi-Structure Hydrological Ensemble to Improve Flow Daily Prediction in the Sumapaz River Basin, Colombia
Authors: Arboleda-Obando Pedro , Zamora David , Vega Carolina , Duque Nicolás , Rodriguez Erasmo
Published: September 2018

Hydrological ensembles have gained importance for prediction and forecasting in water cycle variables. In spite of this, the relevance of the individual models in the ensemble is not usually established, in terms of the ensemble structure (i.e. their members) and the performance this structure exhibits through different climatic conditions (intrannual variability, for example). This analysis accounts for the uncertainty in the structure of the models and their responses (e.g. outputs), in comparison to the observed data. In this regard, the research here described attempts to determine the incidence of the ensemble members built for each month of the year, in the prediction of daily flows, through the use of the Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) method. Moreover, using BMA calibrated parameters as inputs, an uncertainty analysis is carried out for the calibration period, and in monthly average terms, obtaining finer uncertainty bounds. This analysis was implemented in the Sumapaz River basin, part of the Magdalena Cauca Macro- Basin (MCMB) in Colombia. Results showed differences in ensemble structures and performance according to its original performance criteria, and better results when using a monthly BMA for the uncertainty analysis.
Semi Distributed Model Application for Evaluating the Impact of Climate Change on Water Resource in Quang Nam - Da Nang Area
Authors: Vo Ngoc Duong , Nguyen Quang Binh , Gourbesville Philippe
Published: September 2018

The Climate change is judged to impact seriously to human society. Hence, assessing the variation of climatic factors in this process is indispensable to mitigate its negative impacts. Quang Nam Da Nang area covered 3 large river catchments (Vu Gia Thu Bon, Tam Ky, Cu De) is predicted to be affected violently by the change of climate, especially on water resources security, as well in hydrological disasters. With the aim of evaluating the consequences of climate change, the study utilizes a semi distributed hydrological model (SWAT model) to simulate the stream flow variation in Quang Nam Da Nang area. The model is constructed with specific catchment characteristics. It is calibrated and validated over a period of 38 years from 1979 to 2016 with the impressive coefficients (NASH reachs to 0.87, R reachs to 0.94). The data about climate change is supplied by Vietnamese Ministry of Natural Ressources and Environments.
Optimal Operation of Flood Storage Areas in Huai River Using Coupled HEC-RAS River Model and NSGAII Global Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Jonoski Andreja , Popescu Ioana , Zhe Sun
Published: September 2018

In this work we present an application of coupled HEC RAS river model with NSGAII multi-objective optimization algorithm, for optimal operations of flood protection storage areas in the downstream part of Huai River in China. During flood, these storage areas are used for decreasing the flood water level downstream in order to protect the important, densely populated city of Bengbu. However, the same storage areas have also been used by local population, as both residential and agricultural zones, with high damage potential in case of flooding. The application investigates optimal operations of opening and closing the gates that connect the storage areas to the main river, which minimize the damage in the storage areas without compromising the protection of Bengbu. Two objectives are formulated related to: 1) downstream risk of flooding in Bengbu, and 2) damages in the storage areas. Decision variables are stage differences between the river and a given storage area, used for controlling gates operations (opening and closing). The coupling is performed in MATLAB using recently available HEC RAS API, known as HEC-RAS Controller. Initial results, obtained using flood hydrograph from the summer of 2007, indicate possible optimal operations, with selective usage of the storage areas.
Decision Making Methods for Water Resources Planning in England and Wales
Authors: Staszek Damian , Savic Dragan , Fu Guangtao
Published: September 2018

Water companies in England and Wales use a range of decision making methods (DMMs) for water resources planning. The aim of this paper is to provide a critical review of the DMMs employed by water companies in relation to their 2014 Water Resources Management Plan (WRMP) submissions; as compared with those used for the current round of draft 2019 WRMP submissions. Most companies use a similar suite of models to assess their supply-demand situation. For previous submissions, target headroom approach was the preferred method for representing the uncertainty in water resources planning. For the recent round of draft WRMP submissions, some companies have decided to investigate more advanced DMMs, and to choose risk-based methods in order to select their preferred investment scenarios. Bristol Water, Severn Trent Water, Southern Water and Thames Water have still chosen the Economics of Balancing Supply Demand (EBSD) method for selecting their optimal investment programmes; but Thames Water have decided to progress to simulation methods (Multi Criteria Search) for optimal investment selection where zones with more complex supply demand problems are concerned. Only Thames Water decided to use a multiple linear regression model for household consumption forecast, the remaining companies used micro-component analysis for this purpose.
A Contribution to an Advisory Plan for Integrated Irrigation Water Management at Nebhana Dam System: from Research to Operational Support
Authors: Allani Mohamed , Mezzi Ranya , Abdallah Wajdi , Gharbi Amina , Zouabi Adel , Hedhli Kamel , Beji Ridha , Jemli Abdejjabar , Mansouri Joumade Farida , Afli Abdeljelil , Hamza Mahmoud Elies , Müller Hans Werner , Sahli Ali
Published: September 2018

In the agriculture sector, combining physically based soil water balance and simulation models with GIS tools is of a considerable interest to manage the available water amount. Indeed, this combination can enhance water supply management, optimize agricultural catchments management and study impact of management intervention from small scale (plot) to a larger one, such as irrigated district and/or region.

This work presents the case of Nebhana Dam System in the region of Kairoun (central Tunisia). The main objectives were to: (1) create a specific GIS database for the six irrigated districts of the area Ain Boumorra 1, 2 & 3, Fadhloun, Dar Jameya and Sisseb 1 based on the characteristics of cultivated crops, soils types and used irrigation systems; (2) assess spatial and temporal variation of soil water budget terms from plot and farm levels to irrigated district and regional scales; (3) map results for different time steps.

The achievement of these objectives was made possible using the WEAP-MABIA Model. Thus, daily Penman–Monteith reference evapotranspiration (ETo), effective precipitation (PE), crop water requirement (CWR) and irrigation water requirement (IWR) were estimated for the six irrigated districts and their related farms and plot using spatially distributed parameters on climate, crop, soil characteristics, irrigation system and basic irrigation management practice during the cropping season 2014/2015.
A Classic Hydroinformatic Problem - Floods
Authors: Ball James
Published: September 2018

While previous editions of ARR have served the engineering profession well, a number of issues have necessitated the production of a new edition. These issues include the many recent developments in knowledge about flood producing processes, the increased computational capacity and data manipulation available to engineers, and the rapidly expanding body of information about climate change. There is a need, therefore, to produce a new edition of ARR. As part of the development of this new edition, it has been necessary to review the methods used and the implications of assumptions necessary for implementation of these methods. An outcome of this review has been recognition of changes in design flood estimation since development of the digital computer and the subsequent development of hydroinformatics. This has led to recasting design flood estimation as a problem in hydroinformatics. Presented herein is the background to and a discussion of this concept.
Assessing the Effect of Streamflow Estimation at Potential Station Locations In Entropy-Based Hydrometric Network Design
Authors: Keum Jongho , Coulibaly Paulin , Pietroniro Alain
Published: September 2018

Having an efficient hydrometric network is important not only for successful water resources management but also for dealing with the economic cost of maintaining the network. One of the challenging tasks is to have a reliable dataset at candidate locations of additional monitoring stations. While many have applied regionalization methods, such as spatial interpolation, this study introduced a spatially distributed hydrologic model for generating data at potential locations. The determined optimal networks are compared with those from the use of spatial interpolation. The optimal networks are also evaluated using the outcome of transinformation analysis. The results showed that the optimal results using a spatially distributed model performed better than those using a spatial interpolation method.
Reformulation of 2D DG2 Scheme for Shallow Water Modelling
Authors: Ayog Janice , Kesserwani Georges
Published: September 2018

This paper presents a reformulation of the 2D second-order discontinuous Galerkin scheme (2D DG2) which is more efficient and stable for realistic simulation of hydrodynamics. This modified scheme is formulated based on a local linear solution spanned by a set of local coefficients using a newly proposed cell stencil. The results show that the reformulated second-order discontinuous Galerkin scheme performs acceptably well in predicting shock propagation. The modified scheme is designed to be conservative not only for the average coefficients but also the slope coefficients, which is necessary to ensure robustness based on the well-balanced property under the lake at rest hypothesis. Our preliminary findings reveal a great potential from adopting the proposed 2D DG2 reformulation as a basis for real-world flood modelling applications.
Towards Integrating Modelling of Flood-Induced Bridge Failures
Authors: Pregnolato Maria , Sarhosis Vasilis , Kilsby Chris
Published: September 2018

This study investigated the impact of fluvial flooding on bridges. A high-resolution flood model is coupled with damage and transport modelling, to assess structural vulnerability and critical functionality of bridges subjected to flooding. The study involves integrated investigation of riverine bridges, devises a systematic methodology and practical implementation in computer-based decision support tools. The research draws on the principles of a risk-based approach to assess the hydrodynamic effects of floods at bridges, and moves these forward by advancing a deep analysis over the whole UK territory. This research will fill the gap of current guidance for design and assessment of bridges relevance within the overall transport system, highly inadequate for evaluating these risks in light of the increasing external pressures.
Modelling Rainwater Harvesting and Greywater Reuse for Tank Size Optimizations
Authors: Cipolla Sara Simona , Maglionico Marco
Published: September 2018

In the light of water shortages, frequently affecting many regions worldwide, domestic rainwater harvesting and greywater reuse systems represent an alternative source to provide non-potable water in buildings, reducing the water demand from mains water supply systems. This study fits this framework providing a methodology, based on a hydraulic/hydrological model developed by means of the EPA’s Storm Water Management Model, which allow optimizing the system design by giving the opportunity to the user to consider different catchments surfaces (impervious, gravel and green roofs), plant's configurations, user’s habits, water end-uses, and climate conditions. The model has used to model a residential building, located in the city of Bologna (Italy), and equipped with a hybrid greywater/rainwater system. Continuous simulations were performed with 13 years daily rainfall data, and the long-term performance of different system combinations were evaluated. The case study showed a non-potable water saving efficiency of 75.86%, which accounts by 26.71% mains water withdrawal. The final goal of this paper is those of presenting the hydrological/hydraulic model that has been used as engine of a calculator tool for sizing and planning hybrid rainwater/greywater systems.
Metodología de selección de refrigerantes alternativas ecológicas y eficientes energéticamente
Authors: Urrego Rodríguez Carlos
Published: September 2018

Para seleccionar un refrigerante adecuado para un sistema de refrigeración o acondicionamiento de aire se deben tener en cuenta ciertas variables termodinámicas que requieren ser controladas de manera conjunta. Desarrollar una metodología que integre parámetros de selección que contemplen los requerimientos del sistema, la protección ambiental, las instalaciones y seguridad del personal, además de la eficiencia energética, hará el proceso más amigable técnicamente. La metodología propuesta se enmarca en un modelo de decisión multicriterio de los parámetros establecidos por estándares y normas que permitirá al usuario-lector definir de una manera más sencilla el refrigerante que le brinde las mejores prestaciones, compaginando también los requerimientos del proyecto con diferentes sustancias, cuyas propiedades cubran sus necesidades de manera eficiente. Los hallazgos muestran que los refrigerantes naturales constituyen una alternativa importante como sustancias frigorígenas para sustituir los refrigerantes sintéticos.
Evaluación de la adhesión de un pegante realizado con almidón nativo de yuca (Manihot sculenta Crantz) variedad M-Tai
Authors: Vergara N. Andrés , Hernández R. Moisés , Ramírez-Díaz Roberto
Published: September 2018

En este estudio se evaluó las fuerzas de adhesividad y de cáscara de un pegante. El pegante se realizó con almidón nativo de yuca (Manihot sculenta Crantz) variedad M-Tai y se usó hidróxido de sodio como agente hidrolizante. En la elaboración del pegante se evaluaron cinco soluciones de almidón nativo de yuca (10, 20, 30, 40 y 50% p/v) y cuatro concentraciones de NaOH (0, 0.66, 1.33 y 2 % p/p). Los resultados indicaron que las uniones papel-papel, cartón-cartón y papel- vidrio, realizadas con los pegantes hechos con 40 %-2 %, 40 %-0 % y 50 %-0 % p/v-p/p de almidón de yuca y NaOH, respectivamente, presentaron mayor fuerza de adhesión. Las uniones papel-papel, cartón-cartón y papel-vidrio que mostraron mayor fuerza de fricción, como un indicativo de mayor durabilidad del pegamento, fueron los pegantes realizados con 50 %-2 %, 50 %-1.33 % y 50 %-2 % p/v-p/p de almidón y NaOH, respectivamente. El pegante a base de almidón de yuca no presentó diferencias significativas (p < 0.05) con tres adhesivos comerciales (Colbocol, Supertack y Pegajoso), teniendo mejor adhesividad y durabilidad en las uniones hechas con los sustratos papel-papel y papel-vidrio.