bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS CALENDAR ANOMALIES DI PASAR SAHAM INDONESIA TAHUN 1998 – 2018
Authors: Surachmadi Hasna Fairuz , Priyono Anhar Fauzan , Heriyaldi Heriyaldi
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
 
The Efficient Market Hypothesis Theory of Fama states that stock prices cannot be predicted by its movement tendency (random walk). In some stock markets, the movement of stock prices has a seasonal effect, which is the repetition of stock movements at a certain time that can be called a calendar anomalies. The repetition or seasonal effect on rate of return shows that the stock price can be predicted, thus it can be exploited by investors to get the probability of a higher rate of return. This research aims to see whether calendar anomalies prevail in the Indonesian stock market by using the daily and monthly rate of return of LQ45 and the Jakarta Composite Index (JCI) with an observation period of 21 years from 1998 to 2018 and estimated using the GARCH-M model (1,1). The results of this research are the existence of daily anomalies on Monday as the day with the lowest rate of return and Wednesday as the day with the highest rate of return. In addition, we also get the results of monthly anomalies in August as the month with the lowest rate of return and December as the month with the highest rate of return.
INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL TERHADAP FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE DAN SUSTAINABLE GROWTH
Authors: Agustia Dian , Asyik Nur Fadjrih , Midiantari Nidia
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
 
This study aims to examine the effect of intellectual capital on company financial performance and company sustainability growth. This study uses manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2014-2018. This study found that the components of intellectual capital have an effect on company performance, this is because well-managed intellectual capital is the main driver of increasing company performance and is also supported by superior intellectuals that will have an impact on the company's sustainable growth. Intellectual capital which includes human capital, structural capital, and relational capital is able to improve the company's financial performance, which in turn will be able to increase investment. This investment will ultimately increase the market reaction which is reflected in the company's stock price (company value). Intellectual capital is also an impetus for companies to be able to grow sustainably, especially in terms of human capital owned by the company. Companies must continue to develop and empower their potential resources in order to advance the company so that the company can win in the competition which is getting heavier.
The Effect of Cooperative Learning Model Course Review Horay Contains Science Literacy on Learning Competencies Students
Authors: Adeviani Utari , Ardi Ardi , Fefria Resti , Syamsurizal Syamsurizal
Published: August 2021

The Research problems at SMAN 2 Lubuk Sikaping are students having difficulty in formulating problems, analyzing and finding solutions to difficulties in the learning process, leadership and motivation, level of activity and student learning in the learning process is still low and learning models that are rarely used and are still centered on the teachers. Efforts that can be done are implementing the learning model course review containing science literacy at SMAN 2 Lubuk Sikaping. The purpose of this study was to study the improvement of knowledge competencies, attitudes and skills of students through a horay review course model with scientific literacy at SMAN 2 Lubuk Sikaping. This type of research is a quasi-experimental study with a posttest randomized design control group design. The study population was all class X SMAN 2 Lubuk Sikaping registered in the 2018/2019 school year controlling three classes. Sampling using purposive sampling technique. The research hypothesis evaluates using the t-test. Conclusions of the study about the application of the learning model course review horay with science literasy the learning competenci of knowledge, attitudes, skills of class X students of SMAN 2 Lubuk Sikaping
The Relationship Of Difficult Learning With The Results Science Study Of Students Class VIII MTsN 9 Agam Lubuk Basung Lesson Year 2018/2019
Authors: Irwan Haany , Armen Armen , Selaras Ganda Hijrah , Ristiono Ristiono
Published: August 2021

The low of learning values of students are caused by two main factors, there are internal and external factors. Difficult learning affect the learning values of the student which one of the kinds of internal and external factors. The aim of this study is to determine the difficult learning level, learning values, and to combine difficult learning with learning values of students class VIII science learning at MTsN 9 Agam Lubuk Basung. This research is descriptive qualitative and quantitative research. The sample of study is class VIII students  at MTsN 9 Agam Lubuk Basung Academic Year 2018/2019. Data analyzed using percentage and correlation formulas, then t-test is used to find out the correlation which significant or not significant. The results show that the level of difficult learning of class VIII students  MTsN 9 Agam is very high with a value 87,50%. For the level of learning values class VIII students of MTsN 9 Agam still less with a value 56,89%. Based on the results, the analysis using the correlation  product moment, there is a relationship between difficult learning and learning values in students class VIII MTsN 9 Agam, and the criteria correlation still low (0.23). The result  of t-test = 2,96 is formulated with t-table, each for t 5% is 0,159 and for 1% is 0,210. If looked from the t-table price, t-test is 2,96 more bigger than t-table.
Identification Of Students Of Misconception Junior High School Class VII Sutera On The Topic Photosintesis Using Two Tier Diagnostic Test
Authors: Efriani Nining , Zulyusri Zulyusri , Rahmi Yosi Laila , Sumarmin Ramadhan
Published: August 2021

Misconception is a wrong concept because it bring contradicts concept with experts concept. Misconception occur because students develop their own understanding based on experience, what they seeing and hearing, to understand a concept. Misconceptions that occur in students, before repairs must be identified first. The purpose of this study was to determine students' misconceptions about photosynthesis in Class VII Sutera junior High School. The sample of this research was 40 students of class VII. This type of research is descriptive. The technique using diagnostic test two-tier multiple choice. Test diagnostic used to identify student errors because it can measure 2 levels of high-level thinking skills, scoring is easy, fast and objective, and the opportunity for students to guess answers less. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the highest misconception was found in organisms that could carry out photosynthesis at 87.5%, organs that played a role in photosynthesis 44.5%, photosynthetic processes 42.5%, experiments with photosynthetic processes 25%, and factors affect photosynthesis 38.125%. Thus it can be concluded, that there is a misconception in Class VII Sutera Junior High School about photosynthetic material with varying percentages.
Study Perception and Motivation Research in Learning Biology
Authors: Olivia Nadia , Yogica Relsas , Hartanto Indra , Lufri Lufri
Published: August 2021

This research is about descriptive research which propose to recognize students’ perception level in teachers’ teaching method application, to know students’ motivation level while learning biology and to know the relation between students’ perception about teachers’ teaching method application and students’ motivation in learning biology of XI grade students’ of SMAN 3 Pariaman. The researcher will distributed several questionnaires about students’ perception in teachers’ teaching method application and students’ learning motivation. Each questionnaire will content 24 questions for students’ perception and 29 questions for students’ learning motivation. The two lectures of biology department and one biology teacher in SMAN 3 Pariaman will do a validation of these questionnaires. The data analyze in this research will use statistic calculation and correlation which can be use as descriptive analysis. Based on the research analysis result, we conclude that students’ perception in teachers’ teaching method application are good which gain 84% in range 80-89%, and students’ motivation level while learning biology took the high grade which gain 78% in range 61-80% and it have a positive relation and significant between students’ perceptionabout teachers’ teaching method application and the students’ motivation in learning biology of XI grade students of SMAN 3 Pariaman. The relation of perception about teachers’ teaching method application and the students’ motivation in learning biology are stated to be strong which gain 43,56%.  Keywords: Perception, Teaching Method of Teacher, Motivation
The Needs Analysis of The Develop of Biology Module Based On Scientific Approach for Senior High School Grade XI Students
Authors: Eroika Vayolin , Sumarmin Ramadhan , Helendra Helendra , Yuniarti Elsa
Published: August 2021

On the curriculum of 2013, students are encouraged to perform the steps in the process of scientific or scholarly learning. The learning process in high school Pembangunan Laboratorium UNP had been scientific approach but the book used by the students have not based scientific approach, yet then the topics in the book used the students has not been in accordance with the core competence and basic competence in the curriculum of 2013. Thus, the descriptive researchers doing research to see the need for developing a module of biology for students of Class XI high school. Analytical techniques used in this research is descriptive statistical. This form of analysis on activities of observation, the definition of collection problems that occur in the learning process. Needs analysis to develop module are curriculum analysis, analysis of problems in learning, and analysis of learning materials. Research results are those of the third there is a lack of analysis, books used in schools has not been in accordance with the curriculum of 2013. There is a deficiency in basic competence 3.2 and 4.2 on Bioprocess cell topics, books used in schools have not provided scientific/scientific approach which scientific approach/scientific can enhance the learning interest of students so that learning process went smoothly, and the analysis of the three. then the lack of one of the solutions is to develop of biology module based on scientific approach on Bioprocess cell topics.
Correlation of Basic Science Process Skills and Learning Outcomes of High and Low Level Students In Junior High School 35 Padang
Authors: Putri Eldyana Rahayu , Helendra Helendra , Hartanto Indra , Ahda Yuni
Published: August 2021

Science process skill is one of the important thing that students should have within natural science. Teacher must recognize their students’ process skills in providing learning. The purpose of this study to determine correlation between basic science process skill of grade 7th students in Junior High School 35 Padang and their cognitive domain. The sample set consisted of 136 students. This study focus to determine correlation of basic process science skills in 6 categories, there are: observed, prediction, measurement, classification, conclusion and communication with cognitive domain. Descriptive method used in this research with students’ worksheet based on basic science process skill as the instrument of measurement students’  science process skill and test as  measurement cognitive domain. The correlation level between basic science process skill and cognitive domain shown by rs=0,43, it is indicate that basic science process skill have the positive and significant correlation with student’s cognitive domain. The correlation level between basic science process skills and cognitive domain of high level student shown by rs=0,43, this value indicate that basic science process skill have the positive and significant correlation with high level students’ cognitive domain. The last correlation between basic science process skill and cognitive domain of low level student with rs=0,21, it is indicate that basic science process skill have not significant correlation with low student’s cognitive domain.
The Influence of Student Team Achievement Divisions (STAD) Learning Model Containing Science Literacy on Student’ Learning Competencies at SMAN 1 V Koto Kampung Dalam
Authors: Febriani Wita , Ardi A. , Fevria Resti , Syamsurizal S.
Published: August 2021

This research is based on the problems that exist in SMAN 1 V Koto Kampung Dalam, which have an impact on the low learning outcomes of students. Efforts that can be made are implement the learning model Student Team Achievement Divisions (STAD) with scientific literacy on respiratory system material at SMAN 1 V Koto Kampung Dalam. The purpose of this study was to determine the increase in the competency of students through the model Student Team Achievement Divisions (STAD) with scientific literacy in the material of human respiratory system in SMAN 1 V Koto Kampung Dalam. This type of research is experimental research with a Randomized control group posttest only design. The population in this study were all class XI IPA SMAN 1 V Koto Kampung Dalam registered in the 2018/2019. Sampling was done using technique Purposive Sampling, which was chosen as the sample of the study was class XI IPA 4 as the experimental and XI IPA 3 as the control class. The instruments used were in the form of questions posttest for knowledge competency, observation sheets for attitude and skills. The hypothesis was tested using the t-test, can be concluded that the competence of learners knowledge tcount 3,80 > ttable 1.67, the competence of attitude  value tcount 3,61 > ttable 1,67, and the competency of skills value tcount 2,00 > ttable 1.67. This shows that the hypothesis is accepted. Concluded that the application of model Student Team Achievement Divisions (STAD) with scientific literacy can improve the competency of knowledge, attitudes, and skills of students class XI IPA of SMAN 1 V Koto Kampung Dalam.
The Effect Of Advance Organizer Assisted By The Project To Student’s Generic Life Skills In The Material Of The Human Excretion System
Authors: Nurjanah Dessy , Ratnasari Jujun , Suhendar Suhendar
Published: August 2021

This research is based on the problems the generic life skills of students who are still low. The effort that can be done is to apply the Advanced Organizer learning model assisted by project in the excretion system material at SMAN 3 Sukabumi. The purpose of this research is to find out the influence of Advance Organizer learning model assisted by project on generic life skills of students of SMAN 3 Sukabumi. The type of research used quasi-experiment with Nonequivalent control group design. In this study the sampling technique used purposive sampling. The samples in this study were grades XI8 and XI5. The instruments used test questions, attitude scale, observation sheet and response questionnaire. The results of data analysis showed that the average N-gain test scores of experimental class 0.77 and a control class 0.47. The average attitude scale of the experimental class 80% and the control class 83%. The average observation sheet of the experimental class 91% and the control class 73%. The average response questionnaire of the experimental class to material 89%, to learning model 83% and to generic life skills 84%. Based on the prerequisite test data the results of the study were normally distributed and homogeneous. The result of research by hypothesis testing with the Z-test show Zhitung=8 > ZTabel=1,96 then H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. The conclusion is that the Advanced Organizer learning model assisted by projects has an influence on students' generic life skills.Keywords: Advanced Organizer assisted by the project, generic life skills
The Effect of Problem Based Learning Model Implementation Toward Students’ Learning Competencies at SMPN 2 Padang Panjang
Authors: Rahmadani Wulan , Rahmawati D. Rahmawati D. , Fuadiyah Sa'diatul , Ristiono Ristiono
Published: August 2021

The low learning competencies of students is caused by several problems found during  learning process, one of them  is teacher centered. Learning through  this way causes students to be inactive. One of the efforts made to improve student learning competencies is to apply a Problem Based Learning model. Learning with a problem based learning model requires students to be active. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of applying the Problem Based Learning model to the learning competencies of Class VIII at SMPN 2 Padang Panjang.The type of this research is an experimental study with a control group posttest only design. The study population is  all students of Class VIII SMPN 2 Padang Panjang. Sampling was done using purposive sampling technique, which was chosen as the research sample was Class VIII D as the experimental class and Class VIII E as the control class. The instruments used were in the form of posttest questions for knowledge competencies, observation sheets for attitude and skills competencies. The data analysis technique used in this study is the normality test, homogeneity test and hypothesis testing with t-test.Result of hypothesis in both class sample, found that class which use Problem Based Learning model have possitive effect to student learning competencies of Class VIII SMPN 2 Padang Panjang such asknowledge, attitude and skill competencies.
The Effect of Think Talk Write Learning Model Containing Science Literacy on Students Learning Competencies In SMA Kartika 1-5 Padang
Authors: Maharani Annisa , Syamsuizal Syamsurizal , D Rahmawati , Yogica Relsas
Published: August 2021

This research aims to know the positive effect of think talk write model toward students’ learning competencies in grade XI MIPA SMA Kartika 1-5 Padang. The type of this research is quasi experimental with randomized control group posttest only design. Population of this research is all of students grade XI MIPA SMA Kartika 1-5 Padang which is registered in 2018/2019, acounted 158 students from five classes. It’s purposive sampling. The results were selected class XI MIPA 5 as experimental class and class XI MIPA 4 as a control class. The instruments used were in the form of questions posttest for knowledge competency, observation sheets for attitude and skills competency. The hypothesis in this study was tested using the t-test. The results of the study using the t-test it can be concluded that the competency of students' knowledge of the value of tcount 1,82> ttable 1.67, in the competency attitude the value of tcount is 2,30> ttable 1.67, and the competence of value skills tcount 1,80> ttable 1.67. This shows that the hypothesis is accepted. So, it can be concluded that the application of think talk write models with scientific literacy is positively affected toward students’ learning competency in SMA Kartika 1-5 Padang.
Analysis Correlation Between Learning Interest and Learning Difficulties with Learning Outcomes of Junior High School Students In Padang
Authors: Sari Ririn Indria , Sumarmin Ramadhan , Fevria Resti , Selaras Ganda Hijrah
Published: August 2021

The learning process has a benchmark that refers to the achievements experienced by students, namely learning outcomes. Learning outcomes achieved by students have two influencing factors namely internal and external factors. These two factors that influence learning outcomes are interest and learning difficulties. The results of observations on the learning outcomes of students of SMPN 11 Padang in science are still low. Students say that science learning are numerous and difficult. The existence of students who score below the average and the lack of student interest shows the student's interest in learning in science is less and it can be assumed that students have difficulty learning science. Research is a descriptive study. Research uses a correlational study approach. Research subjects consisted of 30 people in class VIII G of SMP 11 Padang. To find out the relationship between variables expressed by the correlation coefficient, data analysis techniques are used using the Sperman Rank correlation. The correlation between student interest and learning outcomes is weak, that is -0.32, the contribution of 10.24% does not have a significant relationship. There is a significant relationship between learning difficulties and learning outcomes, medium criteria w ith a value of 0.59, contribution value is 34.81%. Correlation criteria for interests and difficulties with strong learning outcomes with a value of 0.66 and a contribution of 43.56%, as well as a significant relationship between variables. The results of the relationship between learning interest and learning difficulties with learning outcomes are strong and each variable has a significantly relationship.
The Effect of Aplication the Cooperative Learning Model Make a Matchon Students’ Learning Competencies at Junior High School in Solok
Authors: Fadilla Medina , Darussyamsu Rahmawati , Rahmi Yosi Laila , Syamsurizal Syamsurizal
Published: August 2021

Research on the problems that exist in Solok 1 Junior High School, student learning competencies are still low. The efforts that can be done are to implement a time learning model that contains scientific literacy. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of apply the cooperative learning model type make a match on the learning competency of students' in Solok 1 Junior High School. This type of research was experimental research with a randomized control group posttest only design. The population in this study were all class VII Solok 1 Junior High School registered in the 2018/2019. Sampling was done using Purposive Sampling techniques. VIIg as the experimental class and VIIfas the control class. The instruments used were in the form of posttest questions for knowledge competencies, observation sheets for attitude and skills competencies. Based on the results of the study using the t-test it can be concluded that the knowledge competencies of students t count 4,53 > t table 1.67, the attitudes  competency t count 2,18> t table 1.67, and the skills competency tcount 5,93 > t table 1.67. it shows that the hypothesis was accepted. So, the application of the cooperative learning model type make a matchcan improve the competency of knowledge, attitudes, and skills of class VII students of  Junior high school 1 Solok.
The Analysis of Creative Thinking Ability of VII Class Student in Biology Learning at SMPN 25 (Junior High School 25) Padang
Authors: Widiawati Widiawati , Fuadiyah Sa'diatul , Syamsurizal Syamsurizal , Ardi Ardi
Published: August 2021

Creative thinking is cognitive skill to gain knowledge. Creative thinking is a basic skill in educational process. Creative thinking is an ability to think of creating a new relationship that is more beneficial than previous information that already obtained. Research found out that creative thinking ability of class VII student in biology learning at SMPN 25 Padang was in moderate category.  Aspect of creative thinking that could be obtained by class VII student in highest percentage score was elaborative aspect. Overall, based on questionnaire, aspect of fluency could be obtained moderately with percentage of 59%; aspect of flexibility could be obtained moderately with percentage of 58%, aspect of originality could be obtained moderately with percentage of 59%, and aspect of elaborative could be obtained well with percentage of 60%. From research finding it was obtained average percentage of overall aspects was 59.2% that was in moderate category.
Profile of Junior High School Students and Parents Knowledge About Adolescent Reproductive Health in SMP Negeri 3 Pariaman
Authors: Noviana Rosha , Yuniarti Elsa , Fuadiyah Sa'adiyatul , Darussyamsu Rahmawati
Published: August 2021

Reproductive health is condition of physical, mental, and social as a whole, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity, but in all aspects related to the reproductive processes functions and system at all stages of life. Knowledge of reproductive health have to know in early by the teenagers, but in the reality still have many teenagers not know reproductive. Based on the observation in SMPN 3 Pariaman shown case about reptoductive health. It is because teenagers don’t know effect of their action. The research used is descriptive research to know the description of student and parents knowledge abaout adolescent reproductive health in SMPN 3 Pariaman. Population were all students at grade VII and VIII and parents of student from 14 class. The sample technique used is random sampling. Proportionate proportionate stratified random sampling type.The instrument is knowledge test about teenagers of reproductive health. Besed on this research, the knowlwdge level of the students at grade VII, VIII and parents is medium category, they are 55,5%, 54% and 70%. Another that, sex and parents educations is also influence on their knowledge about 20,5% and 33,5 they have relate between students knowledge and their parents in SMP Negeri 3 Pariaman.
PROFILE OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS’ ENVIRONMENTAL CARE TROUGH BIOLOGY LEARNING
Authors: Arwita Widya , Nuriza Aulia Sari
Published: August 2021

This study aims to determine the environmental care of students in SMA Negeri 13 Medan. Population of the research is student of X MIA SMA Negeri 13, and the samples used is X MIA 1, X MIA 2, X MIA 3 and X MIA 4, which taken by purposive sampling. The data was conducted via Google forms. This research is a descriptive type through a survey using questionnaire instruments. The results of this study are students with the very high category was 35%, the students in the high category were 63%, the students in the medium category had the percentage of 2%, and the students in the low and very low category were 0%. The conclusion of this study is environmental care attitude of X MIA SMA 13 Medan students on Ecosystem topic was in the high category.
THE EFFECT OF APPLYING COOPERATIVE LEARNING MODEL ON KNOWLEDGE COMPETENCE: LITERATURE STUDY ABOUT THINK TALK WRITE
Authors: Landysa Faren , Alberida Heffi , Ardi Ardi , Fitri Rahmadhani
Published: August 2021

This research is motivated by learning that is still teacher-centered, students are not actively involved and do not take learning activities seriously. Learning using the lecture and discussion method, but in practice students do not understand the steps of the activity method used. At the time of learning, many students carry out activities outside of learning activities. Students do not concentrate on listening to the teacher's explanation and there is no collaboration between students and other students. So that the low competence of learning science students both in the aspects of knowledge, attitudes and skills. Efforts that can be made are applying the Think Talk Write type of cooperative learning model. Think Talk Write learning model is a learning model that can develop students' thinking, speaking and writing skills. This study aims to determine the effect of implementing the Think Talk Write type of cooperative learning model on students' science learning competencies. This research was conducted by reviewing several national-scale journals in Indonesia. The journal used is a journal that has 5 ISSN journals. The results obtained from the journal review are that there is a correlation between the application of the Think Talk Write type cooperative learning model to the science learning outcomes of students. This is evidenced by research conducted by Daha (2018), Sari (2017), Hulu (2019), Fitriana (2017), Erlija (2018) which uses a cooperative learning model type Think Talk Write assisted by media in learning.
Fanatisme dalam Praktik Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Misbah Muhammad , Jubaedah Jubaedah
Published: August 2021

This paper examines the problem of fanaticism in Islamic education in Indonesia. As a plural country with its diversity, a high sense of tolerance is needed in Indonesia. This research is a qualitative research with library research. Documentation methods were used in this study to collect data from various literature, such as books, journals, and other electronic sources. The data is analyzed using content analysis method, whereas in the conclusions is drawn using an inductive mindset. The results of the study concluded that the paradigm of Islamic education should be done through multicultural inclusive education and prophetic education. Islamic Education (PAI) teachers in this regard have an important role in instilling a harmonious sense of religion. Inclusive multicultural education is expected to foster a sense of belonging and togetherness, dissociated from primordial barriers by emphasizing plurality-based religious education.
The Reception of Ernest Hemingway’s Works in Albanian Literature and Culture
Authors: Karjagdiu Lirak , Kryeziu Naim , Spahiu Isa
Published: August 2021

The main aim of this paper is to illuminate the positive reception and influence of Hemingway’s translated work in the Albanian-speaking world. On the whole, Hemingway’s reception in Albanian literature and culture has largely been overlooked and it thus requires more profound attention and consideration. Hence, this paper will attempt to fill up a large vacuum that existed so far in Ernest Hemingway’s reception in Albanian literature and culture.“Jeta e re,” one of the most reputable literary journals in Kosova, published several journalistic and literary critiques on Hemingway written by various Albanian and international authors throughout the 20th century. Using a critical and comparative literary approach and by referencing these published prefaces, introductions, articles, reviews, etc. mainly by Albanian authors, this paper details and analyzes the research, journalism, and literary criticism published in “Jeta e re” regarding Hemingway’s works. The paper concludes that Hemingway’s literary works and masterpieces were translated and published frequently and were received with warmth and enthusiasm, leading to Hemingway becoming one of the most admired authors among Albanian readers.
The East in the Western Perception: Orientalism in some selected Poems of Lord Byron
Authors: Ahmed Hasan Al-Saidi Afaf
Published: August 2021

Orientalism as a literary phenomenon has been recently focused on by different writers all over the world. Many of those who write about Orientalism have not the same understanding, and the divergences are reproduced due to different attitudes toward Orientalism. From various studies concerning Orientalism, there are apparent tributaries confronting the understanding of the concept of Orientalism from different perspectives. Edward Said is one of those who, according to what many Western and Eastern writers say, represent the negative attitude towards Orientalism, and tries only to make it appear ugly and offensive. Many writers, Arabs and non-Arabs, take, more or less, the same approach Said used towards the subject of Orientalism. Others have, to some extent, tried to give excuses for the writers, especially the Romantics, for the negative impression their writings reflected on the readers when going through what is supposed to be Oriental works. Nigel Leask, Sari Makdisi, Emily Haddad, Martin Bright, Tripta Wahi and Naji Oueijan are the significant writers of this group. British orientalists did not use the right approach to look or write about the East. What irritates Said is that these orientalists did not pay attention to find any possibility by which they could bridge the gap between the European and Asiatic parts of the world. This paper tries to trace and to define Lord Byron’s type of Orientalism in some of his oriental works and his chief work Don Juan.
Gothic Reality: A Study of Emily Bronte’s Wuthering Heights
Authors: Moussaoui Roumaissa
Published: August 2021

Emily Bronte’s novel, Wuthering Heights, is a gothic novel with an innovative stance. Gothic elements permeate the story, but it is not a gothic novel in the traditional sense of the word. The fantastic tales so popular in the eighteenth century alienated the reader by creating phantasmagorical worlds. Emily Bronte, however, grounded her gothic world firmly in reality. Through an analytical approach, the author aims to show, in this article, how Emily Bronte reversed gothic conventions to create a gothic reality whose message is still relevant today. The author will show that her use of the gothic mode was an attempt to capture the real essence of life, anticipating the metaphysical theories of D. H. Lawrence, who wrote at the end of the nineteenth century. By highlighting her innate understanding of human nature , this article will focus on her affinity with Lawrence and the celebration of man’s powerful primal instincts. This article hinges on the premise that she deplored the mechanical restrictions of the society in which she lived. The author aims to show that her Gothicism is, paradoxically, synonymous with a search for life.
Hailsham as an Intimate Space: A Bachelardian Reading of Kazuo Ishiguro’s Never Let Me Go
Authors: Bouacida Soumaya , Lecheheb Ikram , Boumali Itidel , Khlifa Nada
Published: August 2021

This paper aims to investigate the role played by Hailsham, the fictional boarding school in Kazuo Ishiguro’s novel Never Let Me Go, in the mind of its central characters as seen through Gaston Bachelard’s conception of space. The article then aims to explore how the memory of Hailsham works as a coping mechanism for some of the novel’s characters, especially for Kathy. After a brief survey of Bachelard’s spatial criticism, the article then discusses the elements of intimacy in the space of Hailsham and portrays the boarding school as a oneiric house or a childhood home in Bachelard’s terms. By using an analytical method, this study offers an examination of two notions, that of memory and that of imagination, which are built upon the aspect of association and intimacy. Following the development of the plot of Never Let Me Go, the article sheds light on the role played by the so-called “cottages” in the shaping of these character’s relations to themselves, to each other, and to the outside world. This paper opens the door to other critics to read Never Let Me Go from the perspective of other spatial theorists like Mitchel Foucault, Henri Lefevbre, and Edward Soja.
An Ecolinguistic Perspective on Framing of Animals in Quranic Discourse
Authors: Hameed Ansa
Published: August 2021

Whether animals are of lower rank compared to humans or not is a debatable issue among scholars of various disciplines. However, there is no denying that they play a significant part in sustaining ecological balance on earth. The discourses in this regard play a considerable function in presenting animals in either beneficial or destructive roles. Such studies can contribute to spreading awareness regarding animals’ prominence from religious perspectives. The present study aims to examine the religious discourse concerning the ways animals are framed linguistically. For the said purpose, the Quran (the Holy book for followers of Islam) is chosen to analyze the framing technique used to portray animals concerning target words/ phrases. The identified frames are further described with reference to the ecological perspective. The content analysis technique is used to identify target words that are later used to recognize frames. The findings reveal that animals are most importantly presented in four significant frames: as beings, as benefactors, as ornaments, and as celestial signs. These frames further reflect how animals are represented in various roles, from food sources to valuable possession and from war tools to Godly signs. The beneficial story of animals’ existence as narrated in the Quran provides a comprehensive overview of their role in bio-network.
Management of The Dead and Missing People in the Easter Bombings in Colombo, Sri Lanka
Authors: Weeratna Jayanie , Tennakoon Ajith
Published: August 2021

Identification of the victims is considered as one of the most important initial steps in the management of a mass disaster. Comparison of ante-mortem and post-mortem fingerprints (ridgeology), dental data and DNA profiles have been  recognized as primary identification methods for Disaster Victim Identification (DVI). However, facial recognition and personal belongings are the widely used tools of identification in large disasters. A series of bombings hit Sri Lanka on the morning of 21 st of April 2019. In the city of Colombo around 131 people died. Most of the identifications were achieved through visual recognition, with a minor percentage by odontology, genetics and fingerprints. The procedure adopted in the response to the disaster is described in this paper highlighting the importance of advanced preparedness, inter-institutional cooperation, the empathetic approach in caring for the grieving families and the procedure to adopt in visual recognition in DVI.
The Role of Cuticular Hydrocarbons in Forensic Entomology: A Mini Review
Authors: Bharti Meenakshi
Published: August 2021

The cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) are expressed on insect cuticle and provide protection from desiccation and abrasion. The CHC profiles are species-specific and vary in each insect. Forensic entomologists have utilized varying expressions of CHCs to determine the age as well as to delimit insects. This review focuses on the role of CHCs in species identification and aging in the field of forensic entomology.
Effects of Preservative Concentrations on Larval Cephalopharyngeal Skeleton of Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius, 1794) (Diptera: Calliphoridae), an Alternative Indicator to Larval Body Length for mPMI Estimation
Authors: Zuha Raja M.
Published: August 2021

Introduction: In forensic entomology, dipterous larval specimens found feeding on decomposing corpses are usually preserved in a range of 70-95% ethanol before being subjected to minimum postmortem interval (mPMI) assessment. However, larval body size, which is commonly used to infer mPMI, can be affected by preservatives resulting miscalculation of estimation. This study compared the effect of ethanol concentrations on larval body and cephalopharyngeal skeleton, a potential substitute to estimate larval age for mPMI estimation. Methods: Experiments were conducted on homogenised colony of Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius, 1794) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) third instar larvae reared in similar conditions. They were fixed with hot water (»80ºC) and preserved in 70% and 90% ethanol. After seven days in preservatives, larvae were measured for total body length from furthest part of the head to the last abdominal segment. Cephalopharyngeal skeleton was subsequently extracted from the body and measured based on morphometric landmarks on the pharyngeal sclerite. Centroid size of the cephalopharyngeal skeleton was also calculated based on the configuration of five morphometric landmarks. Results: In all four study replicates, pairwise comparisons with the original size indicated that larval body length was significantly affected by ethanol concentration (p<0.001) whilst only two of the study replicates showed cephalopharyngeal skeleton maintained its size when preserved in different ethanol concentration. Conclusion: Possible causes of variations are discussed herein with the results clearly indicated cephalopharyngeal skeleton should be considered as alternative growth parameter for mPMI estimation.
Recognizing the Inherent Variability in Dipteran Colonization and Decomposition Rates of Human Donors in Sydney, Australia
Authors: Skopyk Angela D. , Forbes Shari L. , LeBlanc Hélène N.
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Human decomposition is influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors including entomological activity, which can result in variability in the decomposition process.  In death investigations, forensic entomology, the study of insects in a legal context, is the preferred method to estimate a post-mortem interval after pathologist methods are no longer applicable.  The purpose of the current study was to document the primary dipteran colonization and rates of decay during the decomposition processes of human donors with known causes of death.  Methods: Five consenting human donors were placed in a forested area at the Australian Facility for Taphonomic Experimental Research (AFTER) in Sydney, Australia, and allowed to decompose in a natural environment.  Temperature and humidity were monitored hourly while other factors like colonizers and decomposition stage were recorded at each visit to the site.  Thermal summation, called Accumulated Degree-Days (ADD), was calculated to compare the rates of decay. Results: Results show that no two donors followed the same rate of decomposition.  There were instances of delayed dipteran colonization, which resulted in slowed decomposition rates.  Differences in rates of decay between donors could also have been influenced by intrinsic factors such as size, clothing and peri-mortem treatments.  Conclusions: This research supports the larger body of research involving the pre-colonization interval of insects, emphasizing the numerous variables that can affect colonization. Further research into the pre-colonization interval, and factors that affect it, should be performed using human donors to better understand how this knowledge can be applied to death investigations.
Post-mortem Interval Estimation in a Forensic Case with Two Predatory Species: Chrysomya albiceps and Synthesiomyia nudiseta
Authors: Ivorra Tania , Martínez-Sánchez Anabel , Alberola Salvador Giner
Published: August 2021

A forensic case in which two facultative predatory species were found together on a human corpse is presented in this work. Second and third instar larvae of Synthesiomyia nudiseta (van der Wulp, 1883) (Diptera: Muscidae) and Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann, 1819) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) were collected from the dead body of a man on 14th November 2019, but puparia in the autopsy pictures were observed after, but not collected. The corpse was found on the terrace of the third floor of a building located in the town of Elche (SE Spain), and the pathologist confirmed the death as natural. The minimum post-mortem interval was estimated by the time to reach the length of the collected larvae or to reach the pupal developmental stage (in days and accumulated degree-days). In accordance with the influence of the predatory behaviour of each of these species on the developmental data of the other, as described in the existing literature, the effect of a hypothetical competition between both species on post-mortem interval was discussed.
Efficacy of a phospholipid-stabilized sulfur hexafluoride microsphere contrast agent and water for hydrosonography of the upper portion of the gastrointestinal tract in dogs
Authors: Park Seungjo , Jung Jin-Woo , Jang Seolyn , Choi Bo-Kwon , Lee Eunji , Lee Suhyun , Choi Jihye
Published: August 2021

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the efficacy of a phospholipid-stabilized sulfur hexafluoride microsphere (SHM) contrast agent and water for hydrosonography of the upper portion of the gastrointestinal tract of dogs.

ANIMALS

12 healthy adult Beagles.

PROCEDURES

In a crossover study, each dog was anesthetized and underwent noncontrast ultrasonography then hydrosonography following administration of tap water (30 mL/kg) without (water method) or with SHM (0.1 mL; SHM method) via an orogastric tube. There were at least 3 days between hydro-sonographic procedures. Wall thickness, wall layer definition, conspicuity of the mucosal-luminal interface, and image quality were evaluated separately in the near and far fields for the gastric cardia, body, and pylorus and descending duodenum and compared among the 3 scanning methods.

RESULTS

Mean wall thickness measurements did not differ significantly between the water and SHM methods at any location except the far-field gastric cardia where the mean wall thickness for the SHM method was less than that for the water method. In general, the SHM method improved wall layer definition and conspicuity of the mucosal-luminal interface of structures in the near field, compared with noncontrast method. The water and SHM methods both resulted in superior image quality relative to the noncontrast method for the near-field gastric cardia, far-field gastric cardia, and far-field duodenum.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results indicated that, for dogs, gastrointestinal hydrosonography by use of the SHM method improved wall layer definition and mucosal conspicuity, particularly in near-field images of the upper portion of the gastrointestinal tract. (Am J Vet Res 2021;82:712–721)
Evaluation of specific immunoglobulin A in nasal secretions and neutralizing antibodies in serum collected at multiple time points from young beef calves following intranasal or subcutaneous administration of a modified-live bovine respiratory syncytial virus vaccine
Authors: Bornheim Heather N. , Chamorro Manuel F. , Cernicchiaro Natalia , Reppert Emily J. , Larson Robert L. , Huser Shaun , Thoresen Merrilee , Jones Katherine , Weaber Robert L. , Woolums Amelia R.
Published: August 2021

OBJECTIVE

To determine anti-bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) antibody titers for nasal secretions and serum from beef calves following administration of a modified-live (MLV) BRSV vaccine.

ANIMALS

60 healthy newborn purebred beef calves.

PROCEDURES

Calves were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups: intranasal (IN)-SC (IN MLV BRSV vaccine within 24 hours of birth and SC MLV BRSV vaccine at 2 months of age), SC-IN (SC MLV BRSV vaccine within 24 hours of birth and IN MLV BRSV vaccine at 2 months of age), or NO-IN (no vaccine within 24 hours of birth and IN MLV BRSV vaccine at 2 months of age). Nasal secretion and serum samples were collected for determination of anti-BRSV antibodies within 24 hours of birth and 2 and 6 months of age.

RESULTS

Titers of anti-BRSV IgA antibodies in nasal secretions and BRSV neutralizing antibodies in serum were similar among groups at each sampling time. Within 24 hours of birth, nasal anti-BRSV IgA titers were negligible. At 2 months, mean nasal anti-BRSV IgA titers for calves in IN-SC, SC-IN, and NO-IN groups were 192.84, 224.49, and 114.71, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Concentrations of anti-BRSV IgA antibodies in the nasal secretions and BRSV neutralizing antibodies in the serum of young beef calves following an MLV BRSV vaccine protocol that consisted of IN or SC vaccine within 24 hours of birth and vice versa at 2 months of age were not different from that following only an IN MLV BRSV vaccine at 2 months of age. However, the lack of any differences may have been attributed to other factors. (Am J Vet Res 2021;82:746–751)