bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on microscopic growth mechanism of emulsion system hydrate
Authors: Zhang Jin , Chen An , Duan Menglan
Published: December 2020

In order to master the microscopic growth mechanism of natural gas hydrate, a series of experiments were carried out using a high-pressure hydrate flow loop. The microscopic physical information of the growth of hydrates in the emulsion system is captured by advanced microscopic equipment
and the phenomena of the experiments show that: 1) not all water droplets instantaneously generate a hydrate shell, but only a few of the water droplets gradually generate a hydrate shell when reaching the conditions of the hydrate formation; and 2) the coalescence and shear do occur in the
hydrate formation process, and the distribution of hydrate particle size has changed.
‘Painting with my students’ – Development of Subject Matter and Refinement of Personal Styles in Selected Paintings among Fine Art Students at Kenyatta University
Authors: Wango Kamau
Published: December 2020

Students of Fine Art at the University level embark on many artistic undertakings within their semester durations as a requirement of their programme. In painting, a major objective is the development of a personal style that occurs over a period of time as each student works through the respective painting units spread out across the academic years. As they work through the units, they consolidate and refine their individual styles in readiness to begin their artistic careers in earnest, as well as enhancing their individual growth. This means that they spend a significant amount of time refining their skills as well as gaining knowledge. Another objective in painting is to help students delve into the realm of thematic interpretation in order to acquire the impetus towards an inquiry into the myriad of pertinent issues in their environment and life. This enables them to develop a rationalised personal view that in turn allows them to develop subject matter for the purpose of self-expression. Students’ work is often viewed as students’ work. This paper posits that this, however, does not necessarily denote that students, who for the purpose of this paper will be referred to as student artists, do not already possess the capacity to examine and interpret themes and extract admirable interpretations and anecdotes of self-expression. It does not imply that they do not already possess admirable painting skills even as they endeavour to further develop and refine these skills and consolidate their individual styles. It does not, subsequently, imply that what they paint lacks the capacity for significant inquiry, commentary and sense of self-expression. This paper delves into selected paintings by student Artists to determine whether their level of visual execution, construction and composition of subject matter as well as their interpretive ability, demonstrates or negates a current ability to meet the stated thresholds in their own right.
Znaczenie roślinnych zasobów genowych
Authors: Gryziak Grzegorz
Published: December 2020

Roślinne zasoby genowe podlegają ochronie prawnej na mocy umów międzynarodowych. Uznano bowiem, że stanowią dziedzictwo ludzkości, zatem korzyści z płynące z ich wykorzystania muszą być sprawiedliwie dzielone. Od momentu prawnego uregulowania tej kwestii na arenie międzynarodowej, tj. przez 15 ostatnich lat, udostępniono ponad 5,5 mln prób nasion. Szacuje się, że wykorzystanie roślinnych zasobów genowych przynosi wielomiliardowe dochody na całym świecie.
Ocena przydatności loci barkodowych do identyfikacji gatunków roślin łąk i muraw kserotermicznych. Komunikat
Authors: Boczkowska Maja , Rucińska Anna , Olszak Marcin , Nowak Arkadiusz
Published: December 2020

Analiza sekwencji kilku loci nosząca nazwę barkodingu, została wykorzystana do identyfikacji gatunków roślinwystępujących w środkowoeuropejskich zbiorowisk traworoślowych. W toku analizy przebadano użyteczność 14regionów chloroplastowych i jednego jądrowego do identyfikacji gatunków. Osiem spośród nich (matK, rbcL, rpoC1,trnH-psbA, atpF-atpH, trnL, psbI-psbK i ITS) wykorzystano do stworzenia kombinacji barkodów, które umożliwiająokreślenie tożsamości próbki tkanki roślinnej o pochodzeniu łąkowym, bez konieczności porównania z kluczemdo oznaczania roślin.
Analiza regionów genomu sprzężonych z odpornością porzeczki czarnej (Ribes nigrum) na wielkopąkowca porzeczkowego (Cecidophyopsis ribis)
Authors: Kuras Anita , Badek Bogumiła
Published: December 2020

Wielkopąkowiec porzeczkowy (Cecidophyopsis ribis), jest jednym z najgroźniejszych szkodników porzeczki czarnej. Powoduje on deformację pąków porzeczki czarnej i redukuje plon owoców. Wybranie najkorzystniejszych markerów molekularnych sprzężonych z odpornością na wielkopąkowca porzeczkowego może przyspieszyć proces hodowlany i poprawić skuteczność przy wyborze genotypów odpornych na tę chorobę. Celem pracy była analiza regionów genomu sprzężonych z odpornością porzeczki czarnej (Ribes nigrum) na wielkopąkowca porzeczkowego poprzez ocenę stopnia polimorfizmu w grupach sprzężeń obejmujących regiony Ce i P i poszukiwanie nowych fragmentów genomu regulujących odporność na C. ribis. W wyniku analizy elektroforegramów z produktami reakcji CAPS, zidentyfikowano 119 polimorficznych fragmentów DNA, z których wytypowano 100 do analizy sekwencji. W wyniku sekwencjonowania uzyskano 9 specyficznych odczytów na matrycach DNA odmian ‘Ceres’, ‘Ojebyn’, ‘Vir’, ‘Ores’, ‘Foxendown’, ‘Ben Finlay’ i ‘Bona’.
Wstępne wyniki oceny wybranych klonów maliny właściwej (Rubus idaeus L.) poszerzających zmienność genetyczną pod względem ważnych cech fenotypowych
Authors: Masny Agnieszka , Żurawicz Edward , Kubik Jolanta
Published: December 2020

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań z roku 2019, czyli z pierwszego roku oceny klonów. Celem badań było określenie możliwości poszerzenia zmienności genetycznej maliny właściwej (Rubus idaeus L.), istniejącej w zasobach genetycznych Instytutu Ogrodnictwa, pod względem takich cech biologicznych, jak okres dojrzewania, atrakcyjność (wygląd), wielkość i masa owoców, wytwarzanie kolców przez rośliny, siła wzrostu i zdrowotność krzewów. Badaniami objęto najbardziej wartościowe genotypy wyselekcjonowane z populacji 2640 siewek pokolenia F1, otrzymanych ze skrzyżowania w układzie diallelicznym, wg II metody Griffinga (Griffing, 1956) 10 odmian maliny (‘Canby’, ‘Glen Ample’, ‘Laszka’, ‘Polana’, ‘Polka’, ‘Radziejowa’, ‘Schönemann’, ‘Sokolica’, ‘Veten’ i ‘Willamette’). Uzyskane wyniki badań potwierdziły, że możliwe jest poszerzenie zmienności genetycznej przy zastosowaniu metod hodowli konwencjonalnej, a także połączenie w jednym genotypie takich cech maliny, jak zdolność do wytwarzania wysokiej jakości owoców, wydłużone letnio-jesienne owocowanie i bezkolcowość pędów.
Metode Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average untuk Meramalkan Penjualan
Authors: Tan Emmelia , Astuti Indri
Published: December 2020

Kondisi sales performance dipengaruhi oleh sales budget (anggaran penjualan) yang telah ditetapkan di periode sebelumnya. Penetapan sales budget berdasarkan pada hasil ramalan penjualan (sales forecast) yang sudah dianalisa sebelumnya. Penetapan sales forecast di PT. Hibex Indonesia sebelumnya menggunakan metode kualitatif dimana ramalan dilakukan berdasarkan pada asumsi-asumsi yang bersifat subyektif baik dari segi internal maupun eksternal digabung data historis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan ramalan penjualan di PT. Hibex Indonesia menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Penelitian menggunakan metode ARIMA dengan software Eviews 9.0 berdasarkan data historis sebelumnya, yaitu data penjualan periode Juli 2014 – Desember 2017. Hasil olah data menunjukkan bahwa model ARIMA terbaik yang diambil untuk peramalan adalah model ARIMA (4,0,0) karena memiliki nilai AIC , SIC dan MSE terendah dibandingkan model lainnya. Hasil peramalan menunjukkan bahwa perlu pengkajian ulang untuk data yang digunakan dan metode yang dipilih untuk peramalan. Hasil peramalan metode ARIMA lebih cocok dipakai untuk jangka pendek, karena hasil penelitian ini, forecasting untuk jangka waktu lebih dari satu tahun, hasilnya cenderung datar.
KREATIVITAS SEBAGAI LANDASAN DAN OPERASIONALISASI DALAM PENDIDIKAN MUSIK
Authors: Hidayatullah Riyan
Published: December 2020

Musik merupakan realitas yang terbangun oleh kemampuan berpikir kreatif sehingga menghasilkan karya-karya yang estetis. Dalam konteks pendidikan musik, kegiatan yang dilandasi aktivitas kreatif dan ekspresif juga menjadi aspek yang sangat penting. Artikel ini berusaha menguraikan peran kreativitas dalam pendidikan musik sebagai sebuah landasan berpikir dan operasionalisasinya dalam pendidikan musik. Literatur digunakan untuk mendalami masalah dan menyusun konsep mengenai kreativitas dalam pendidikan musik. Hasil analisis menyebutkan bahwa konsep kreativitas merupakan gagasan yang berpusat pada orisinalitas, berpikir imajinatif, dan berusaha menghasilkan ide atau gagasan baru. Kapasitas kreatif adalah sebuah modal utama dalam mewujudkan tujuan pendidikan musik melalui operasionalisasi konsep-konsep berpikir yang telah disebutkan. Kreativitas dalam pendidikan musik memiliki banyak dimensi seperti historis, sosiologi, ekonomi, politik, psikologi, filosofis, dan religius. Dialektika antar dimensi itu membentuk sebuah ekosistem baru dalam paradigma berpikir pendidikan musik. Kemandirian dan kemerdekaan dalam berpikir merupakan ruh dalam mengembangkan pola berpikir kritis dan kreatif. Orientasi pendidikan musik dapat dikembangkan dalam konteks nilai-nilai yang diinternalisasikan dalam berbagai aspek. Pendidikan musik juga berfungsi sebagai transmisi pengetahuan musik dan menjadikan seseorang terdidik secara musikal. Melalui pengetahuan musik ekosistem musik akan terbentuk sehingga mampu menumbuhkembangkan musik sebagai representasi dari kebudayaan.
ANALISIS TANTANGAN DAN KESEMPATAN MENGGUNAKAN MUSIK TRADISIONAL DALAM IBADAH KRISTEN
Authors: Daulay Rahel Sermon Harapani
Published: December 2020

Musik tradisional saat ini menjadi hal yang menarik untuk didiskusikan, secara khusus ketika dikaitkan dengan ibadah Kristen. Apakah musik tradisional tepat atau masih relevan digunakan di dalam ibadah? Pertanyaan seperti ini sering kali muncul dalam diskusi dan jawaban untuk pertanyaan ini tidaklah mudah, oleh karena banyak sekali perspektif dan pendekatan disiplin ilmu yang harus ditelaah dalam rangka menghadirkan jawaban yang tepat. Penelitian dalam tulisan ini untuk memperlihatkan tantangan dan peluang penggunaan musik tradisional, ditinjau dari sisi teologis maupun musikologis. Penulis menggunakan Gereja dan Sekolah Tinggi Teologi sebagai lingkup penelitian, oleh karena kedua lembaga ini merupakan wadah di mana proses edukasi dapat diterapkan sekaligus dapat membawa pengaruh yang lebih luas. Untuk mengumpulkan data yang terjadi di lapangan, penulis melakukan wawancara kepada beberapa pelayan musik ibadah dan juga pemimpin gereja, termasuk di dalamnya sumber yang didapat penulis dari pengalaman di lapangan. Selain itu, penulis juga akan melengkapi penelitian ini melalui studi pustaka terhadap isu-isu terkait. Proses penelitian tersebut membuka wacana berpikir kita tentang musik tradisional. Melalui penjabaran analisis tentang tantangan dan peluang penggunaan musik tradisional, kita dapat semakin mengenal bahwa musik tradisional adalah warisan sejati yang dimiliki seseorang maupun komunitas. Musik tradisional merupakan sebuah cara untuk mengekspresikan Allah yang berinkarnasi yang patut kita rayakan dalam ibadah. Melalui tulisan ini, penulis berharap musik tradisional dapat semakin dihargai dan dilestarikan.
KREATIVITAS DALAM METODE EKSPLORASI NILAI ESTETIS PENCIPTAAN MUSIK ETNIS DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Sasongko Michael Hari , Supriyadi Supriyadi
Published: December 2020

Pandemi Covid-19  telah mengubah kehidupan manusia di berbagai aspek. Yang sebelumnya ‘normal’ menjadi ‘tidak normal’. Kondisi yang tidak normal ini sering disebut “new normal”. Untuk menghindari persebaran virus, secara sosial manusia harus berada di rumah, bekerja di rumah, dan menghindari kerumunan. Kondisi ini tentu saja sangat berpengaruh pada kehidupan/eksistensi pergelaran musik etnik, terutama yang dilakukan secara langsung atau “live”. Kini eksistensi musik ini sangat tergantung pada media. Di dalam tulisan ini dideskripsikan upaya para komponis musik etnis dalam mengeksplorasi nilai-nilai estetis di dalam musik etnik. Dari hasil analisis yang dilakukan diketahui bahwa seyogianya para komponis kini tidak lagi boleh berparadigma konvensional. Ia harus mempertimbangkan aspek di luar musik yakni teknologi. Hal ini semakin menunjukkan bahwa studi musik etnik bersifat interdisipliner. Seorang komponis, dengan demikian harus menguasasi media, terutama teknologi media pengambilan gambar atau kamera.
Impacts of Heat and Mass Flux on MHD Flow and Heat Transfer of Radiative Nanofluid Past an Exponentially Shrinking/stretching Sheet With Viscous and Ohmic Dissipations
Authors: Dinesh Kumar M. , Thiagarajan M.
Published: December 2020

In this paper, a distributed formation flight control topology for Leader-Follower formation structure is presented. Such topology depends in the first place on online generation of the trajectories that should be followed by the agents in the formation. The trajectory of each agent is planned during execution depending on its neighbors and considering that the desired reference trajectory is only given to the leader. Simulation using MATLAB/SIMULINK is done on a formation of quadrotor UAVs to illustrate the proposed method. The topology shows very good results in achieving the formation and following the reference trajectory.
Effects of trait empathy and expectation on the processing of observed actions
Authors: Albrecht Christine , Bellebaum Christian
Published: December 2020

Recent evidence suggests that the processing of observed actions may reflect an action prediction error, with more pronounced mediofrontal negative event-related potentials (ERPs) for unexpected actions. This evidence comes from an application of a false-belief task, where unexpected correct responses elicited high ERP amplitudes. An alternative interpretation is that the ERP component reflects vicarious error processing, as objectively correct responses were errors from the observed person’s perspective. In this study, we aimed to disentangle the two possibilities by adding the factor task difficulty, which varied expectations without affecting the definition of (vicarious) errors, and to explore the role of empathy in action observation. We found that the relationship between empathy and event-related potentials (ERPs) mirrored the relationship between empathy and behavioral expectancy measures. Only in the easy task condition did higher empathy lead to stronger expectancy of correct responses in the true-belief and of errors in the false-belief condition. A compatible pattern was found for an early ERP component (150–200 ms) after the observed response, with a larger negativity for error than correct responses in the true-belief and the reverse pattern in the false-belief condition, but only in highly empathic participants. We conclude that empathy facilitates the formation of expectations regarding the actions of others. These expectations then modulate the processing of observed actions, as indicated by the ERPs in the present study.
All-carbon [3 + 2] cycloaddition in natural product synthesis
Authors: Wang Zhuo , Liu Junyang
Published: December 2020

Many natural products possess interesting medicinal properties that arise from their intriguing chemical structures. The highly-substituted carbocycle is one of the most common structural features in many structurally complicated natural products. However, the construction of highly-substituted, stereo-congested, five-membered carbocycles containing all-carbon quaternary center(s) is, at present, a distinct challenge in modern synthetic chemistry, which can be accessed through the all-carbon [3 + 2] cycloaddition. More importantly, the all-carbon [3 + 2] cycloaddition can forge vicinal all-carbon quaternary centers in a single step and has been demonstrated in the synthesis of complex natural products. In this review, we present the development of all-carbon [3 + 2] cycloadditions and illustrate their application in natural product synthesis reported in the last decade covering 2011–2020 (inclusive).
Ein neues Format
Authors: Gysling Etzel
Published: December 2020

Die gedruckte Ausgabe der pharma-kritik erscheint in einem neuen Format.
Kein Interesse an Transparenz?
Authors: Gysling Etzel
Published: December 2020

ceterum censeo zu Interessekonflikten
Nicht im Sinne des Erfinders
Authors: Marty Natalie
Published: December 2020

Obschon die Herausgeber der führenden medizinischen Zeitschriften schon vor Jahren darauf gedrängt haben, dass klinische Studien vor dem Studienbeginn in einer öffentlich zugänglichen Datenbank registriert werden sollten, wird dies auch heute noch in weniger als der Hälfte der publizierten Studien vorgenommen.
COVİD-19 PANDEMİSİ SÜRECİNDE UYGULANAN İLKOKUL UZAKTAN EĞİTİM PROGRAMI (EBA TV) İLE İLGİLİ VELİ GÖRÜŞLERİ
Authors: İNCİ KUZU Çiğdem
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmada, Covid-19 pandemi sürecinde bir süreliğine Türkiye’de aktif olarak uygulamaya geçirilen EBA TV ve Eğitim Bilişim Ağı (EBA) vasıtasıyla verilen evde uzaktan eğitim kapsamında ilkokul öğrenci velilerinin görüşlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Anket, 2019-2020 eğitim-öğretim yılının bahar yarıyılında Karadeniz bölgesinin bir ilinde, çocukları devlet ilkokullarında öğrenimine devam etmekte olan 257 veliye uygulanmıştır. Velilerin konu ile ilgili görüşlerini belirlemek amaçlı nitel ve nicel araştırma desenlerinin beraber kullanıldığı karma yöntemden faydalanılmıştır. Çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak, araştırmacı tarafından oluşturulan 30 tek yanıtlı çoktan seçmeli ve iki açık uçlu sorudan oluşan çevrimiçi bir web anket kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen nicel veriler betimsel istatistik ile nitel veriler ise içerik analiziyle değerlendirilmiştir. Toplanan verilerin analiz sonuçlarına göre; katılımcıların yarısına yakınının üniversite mezunu oldukları belirlenmiştir. Web ankete katılan veliler büyük oranda evde uzaktan eğitimin bu süreçteki en iyi çözüm olduğunu, derslerin içeriğini, süresini ve hızını uygun bulduklarını belirtmişlerdir. Katılımcı veliler derslerin verimli geçtiğini ve çocuklarının aktif dinleyici olduklarını ifade etmişlerdir. Veliler, çocuklarının endişe içinde olduklarını fakat sınıf öğretmenleriyle iletişim halinde olduklarını gerektiğinde de öğretmenlerinden yardım alabildiklerini belirtmişlerdir. Veliler bir günde iki dersin az olduğunu, ders esnasında çocukların çevresel faktörler sebebiyle dikkatlerinin dağıldığını, ödev verilmediği için derslerin tekrar edilmediğini, dersleri TV’den izleyebildiklerini fakat telefondan bağlantı sorunu yaşadıklarını vurgulamışlardır.
KÜRESEL SALGIN SÜRECİNDE UZAKTAN EĞİTİMİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: ANKARA ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: GÖREN Safiye Çiğdem , GÖK Fazilet , YALÇIN Mehmet , GÖREGEN Feride , ÇALIŞKAN Mehmet
Published: December 2020

Bu araştırma, Korona virüs (COVID-19) salgını sürecinde Ankara’da gerçekleştirilen uzaktan eğitim sürecinin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Araştırma kapsamında uzaktan eğitim süreci hakkındaki öğrenci, öğretmen, okul yöneticisi ve velilerden alınan görüşler “uzaktan eğitime erişim ve katılım, uzaktan eğitimin organizasyonu, uzaktan eğitimin niteliği ve uzaktan eğitimin geleceği” olmak üzere dört alt boyutta incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda dört farklı anket formu hazırlanmıştır. Anket formları, 120.524 öğrenci, 127.177 öğrenci velisi, 18.031 öğretmen ve 2.111 okul yöneticisi tarafından cevaplanmıştır. Çalışmada toplanan veriler betimsel istatistikler, t-testi ve Anova analizleri ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda paydaşların çoğunluğunun uzaktan eğitime kolaylıkla erişim sağladığı belirlenmiştir. Öğretmenlerin dersleri düzenli olarak işlediği, yöneticilerin öğretmenlerin derslerini sistematik olarak takip ettiği ve dersler hakkında dönüt verdiği belirlenmiştir. Öte yandan, katılımcıların çoğunluğu, uzaktan eğitimin yüz yüze eğitim kadar verimli olmadığını düşünmektedir. Uzaktan eğitimin niteliği ile ilgili okul türünde ortaokulların, paydaşlar arasında da okul yöneticilerinin en olumlu görüşe sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Uzaktan eğitimin geleceğine ilişkin yöneticiler diğer paydaşlara göre, ortaokullar diğer okul türlerine göre daha olumlu görüş belirtmiştir. Uzaktan eğitime erişim boyutunda merkez ilçelerdekiler çevre ilçelere, erkekler kadınlara göre daha olumlu görüşe sahiptir. Ayrıca, çevre ilçelerin merkez ilçelere göre uzaktan eğitim çalışmalarının salgın süreci sonrasında devam etmesini daha fazla istedikleri belirlenmiştir.
FEN EĞİTİMİNDE SOSYOBİLİMSEL KONU OLARAK COVİD 19 PANDEMİSİ VE ÖRNEK UYGULAMA ÖNERİLERİ
Authors: EVREN YAPICIOĞLU Ayşegül
Published: December 2020

Tüm Dünya ülkelerinde yaygın bir pandemi haline dönüşen COVID 19, bireysel ve toplumsal açıdan yaşantılarımızın her alanını etkilemiş ve etkilemeye devam etmektedir. Kuşkusuz bu süreç fen eğitimini de etkilemiştir ve gelecekte fen eğitimi açısından yeni yollar, yöntemler ve stratejiler ön plana çıkacaktır. COVID 19 pandemi döneminin, eğitimcilere hatırlattığı bir önemli yaklaşımda sosyobilimsel konulardır. Bu nedenle, araştırmanın amacı fen eğitiminde sosyobilimsel bir konu olarak COVID 19 pandemisini incelemek ve fen öğretimine yönelik örnek uygulama önerileri sunmaktır. COVID 19 pandemi döneminde, toplumun fertleri, tartışmalı, ikilem taşıyan ve risk yönetimini gerektiren birçok sosyobilimsel durum ile başa çıkmak durumunda kalmıştır. Araştırmada, bu durumlardan “COVID 19 hastalığı mevsimsel gripten daha tehlikeli mi?”, “COVID 19 hastalığını engellemek için maske kullanılmalı mı? Kullanılmamalı mı?” ve “Aşılanmalı mı? Aşılanmamalı mı?” sosyobilimsel durumları ele alınarak, sırasıyla karikatür, ikilem kartı ve problem senaryosu olarak sunulmuş ve öğrenme-öğretim sürecinde başvurulabilecek uygulama örnekleri olarak önerilmiştir. Pandemi dönemi ve sonrası süreçte, mevcut derleme makalesinin fen eğitim araştırmacılarına, öğretim programı geliştirme uzmanlarına, öğretmenlere ve öğretmen adaylarına yardımcı olacağı ve katkılar sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
COVİD 19 PANDEMİ SÜRECİNDE OKUL MÜDÜRLERİNİN ÖĞRETİM LİDERLİĞİ DAVRANIŞLARI
Authors: KELEŞ Hatice Necla , ATAY Derin , KARANFİL Ferhat
Published: December 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı, MEB K12 okul müdürlerinin öğretimsel liderler olarak Covid 19 pandemisi sürecinde yaşamış oldukları sorunlara ilişkin çözüm yollarını belirleyerek pandemi sonrası eğitime ilişkin görüşlerini ortaya koymaktır. Nitel araştırma yönteminin kullanıldığı çalışma Türkiye’de farklı illerde görev yapan okul müdürleri ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veri toplama aracı olarak kavramsal çerçeve ışığında oluşturulan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu oluşturulmuştur. Veriler içerik analizi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre MEB K12 okul müdürleri Covid 19 pandemisi sürecinde karşılaştıkları sorunları, öğretmenlere teknolojik destek, öğrencilere akademik ve psikososyal destek vererek ve bütün paydaşlarla etkili iletişim yolları kullanarak çözmeye çalışmışlardır. Araştırma bulgularına göre okul müdürlerinin genel anlamda pandemi sonrası eğitime İlişkin görüşleri hibrid eğitim modeli, öğretmen eğitimi ve öğrenci becerileri ile ilgili olmaktadır.
COVİD-19 PANDEMİ DÖNEMİNDE YÜRÜTÜLEN UZAKTAN EĞİTİM UYGULAMALARININ ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ GÖRÜŞLERİ BAĞLAMINDA İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ER TÜRKÜRESİN Hafize
Published: December 2020

Bu araştırmada, covid-19 pandemisi nedeniyle yürütülen uzaktan eğitim uygulamalarının öğretmen adaylarının görüşleri bağlamında incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada karma araştırma yöntemlerinden açıklayıcı sıralı desen kullanılmıştır. Bu araştırma deseninde öncelikle nicel veriler toplanıp analiz edilmekte sonrasında nitel veriler toplanmaktadır. Bu bağlamda araştırmanın nicel kısmında veriler Yıldırım, Yıldırım, Çelik ve Kahraman (2014) tarafından geliştirilen “Uzaktan Eğitim Öğrencilerinin Uzaktan Eğitime Yönelik Görüşleri Ölçeği” kullanılarak, nitel kısmında ise araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmada nicel verilerin çözümlenmesinde betimsel istatistikler, iki grup ortalaması arasındaki farkın betimlenmesinde Mann Whitney U testi, nitel verilerin çözümlenmesinde ise betimsel analiz yönteminden yararlanılmıştır. Elde edilen nicel verilerin analizi sonucunda öğretmen adaylarının uzaktan eğitime yönelik görüşlerinin orta düzeyde olduğu ve cinsiyet, internet erişimine sahip olma durumu, dersi takip etme durumu ve internet erişimi kotası değişkenlerine göre ölçeğin genelinde ve boyutlarında anlamlı farklılıklar olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Nitel verilerin analizi sonucunda ise öğretmen adaylarının görüşleri “Uzaktan Eğitimin Avantajları” ve “Uzaktan Eğitimin Dezavantajları” olmak üzere iki temaya ayrılmıştır. Uzaktan eğitimin avantajları kendi için “Ekonomiklik”, “Tekrar” ve “Zaman ve Mekân Esnekliği” olmak üzere üç kategoriye, uzaktan eğitimin dezavantajları ise “Öğrenmenin Kalıcı Olmaması”, “Ölçme ve Değerlendirmeden Kaynaklı Sorunlar”, “Disiplin Sorunları”, “İnternet Sıkıntısı”, “Sistem Sorunları” ve “Etkileşim Eksikliği” olmak üzere altı kategoriye ayrılmıştır.
COVİD-19 DÖNEMİNDE EBA TV ÜZERİNDEN YAPILAN TÜRKÇE DERSLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: AYDIN Erkan
Published: December 2020

Bu araştırmada, EBA TV üzerinden yapılan Türkçe dersleriyle ilgili öğrencilerin görüşlerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada nicel ve nitel veriler bulunduğundan ötürü karma yöntem ve bu veriler aynı anda toplandığı için ise karma yöntem desenlerinden eş zamanlı desen kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Adıyaman il merkezindeki iki farklı ortaokulun 5, 6, 7 ve 8. sınıfında bulunan toplam 275 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada, öğrencilerin görüşlerine başvurmak için araştırmacı tarafından bir anket hazırlanarak Google Forms üzerinden öğrencilere uygulanmıştır. Araştırmanın hem nicel verileri hem de nitel verileri betimsel analiz yöntemi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın nicel verileri, SPSS 21 programı kullanılarak frekans analizi yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın nicel sonuçlarına göre öğrenciler, EBA TV'de gerçekleştirilen Türkçe derslerinin kendilerine katkısının olduğunu, Türkçe derslerini izlemekten keyif aldığını, dersleri yeteri kadar takip edebildiğini, etkinliklerin yeterli olduğunu düşünmekte ancak ders süresinin ve soru sayısının yetersiz olduğunu düşünmektedir. Araştırmanın nitel sonuçlarına göre öğrencilerin olumlu görüşlerinden yola çıkılarak, EBA TV’deki Türkçe dersleri hakkında faydalı, etkili, öğretici güzel bir uygulama gibi kodlar elde edilmiş; olumsuz görüşlerinden ise yetersiz süre, hızlı anlatım, soru soramama ve öğretmen değişikliği gibi kodlar elde edilmiştir.
Two new species of Roepkiella Yakovlev & Witt, 2009 (Lepidoptera, Cossidae) from Indonesia and Thailand
Authors: Yakovlev Roman V.
Published: December 2020

The article describes two new species: Roepkiella jakli sp. nov. (type locality: Indonesia, Sangir Isl., Tahuna Distr., Bukit Bembalut Hill) and R. korshunovi sp. nov. (type locality: Thailand, Khon Kaen Prov., Phu Wiang Wat). The diagnostic features are given, the male genitalia of R. celebensis (Roepke, 1957) are described for the first time.
Conflict-Generating Potential of Brexit: National, Regional, and Global Dimensions
Authors: Hrubinko Andrii
Published: December 2020

The article presents the research findings on a set of challenges and threats to the national and international order that have arisen as a result of Brexit. As far as the author is concerned, Brexit has not only a significant conflict-generating impact on British realities but also causes tremendous challenges and threats to international security. The means of preventing and addressing these challenges are far from obvious and are yet to be fully developed. Most of the challenges, just like the UK’s withdrawal from the EU, have a negative impact on Ukraine’s international status and prospects in the global arena, particularly with regard to European integration and counter the Russian aggression.
The regional, or all-European, implications of Brexit are manifested in rising Euroskepticism, pervasive disintegration (nationalist) sentiments in EU member states, heavy image losses of European integration in general and the EU in particular as its principal outcome, weakened abilities of the EU in the strategically important sphere of foreign and security policy, the slowdown in the fundamental process of EU enlargement, and a significant realignment of political forces in the union. The global implications of Brexit consist in the EU’s weakened international standing, the enhanced process of reviewing EU-US relations, a new, almost unprecedented, technological level of information propaganda, and a rapprochement of the EU and Russia.
The historical and modern trends analysed permit a preliminary conclusion on who will ultimately benefit most from the completion of Brexit and the UK’s permanent withdrawal from the EU, which has become a part of the regional and global struggle for influence in international relations.
Keywords: Brexit, Great Britain, European Union, European integration, conflict-generating potential, international relations.
The Phenomenon of State Sovereignty: Past and Present
Authors: Chekalenko Liudmyla
Published: December 2020

The article examines the current condition of the status of state sovereignty, which is being gradually replaced by such social and political phenomenon as sovereignism. The author is convinced that the reason of its current rise is the weakening of sovereignty, the artificially made, legally enshrined, and not always successful mechanism of the state’s existence. Sovereignism became widely spread in the aftermath of World War II. The erstwhile world order in international relations rested upon state sovereignty, where the strong provided assistance to the weak in return for certain privileges, and the weak sought to find a protector of their sovereignty among the world’s leaders and international organisations.
The author states any social phenomenon has to develop and evolve. This is also the case with sovereignty, an obsolete form of the state’s existence, which is searching for new variants of development on the global scale. Sovereignism may be regarded as a new pattern in the development of sovereignty and a means of weakening it. At the same time, it may be viewed as an impetus to strengthening sovereignty. Sovereignism has led to deadly wars and the influx of migrants all around the world; it is a hazardous challenge of the present. This fever of forgone political ambitions transcending state borders and spreading all over the globe is destructing established norms, traditions, and stability. Sovereignism is creating a new social identity in regions at war, which is a dangerous challenge for national security. Thus, sovereignism brings instability, chaos, clashes, and human toll.
The author draws a conclusion that given current developments the protection of a weak state is possible only through integration with advanced economies and international agencies able to take responsibility for their partners and, most importantly, through building one’s own national defence forces.
Keywords: nationalism, sovereignty, human rights, dignity, war.
Contemporary Problems of Political Transformation in Modern Germany
Authors: Kudriachenko Andrii , Soloshenko Viktoriia
Published: December 2020

The article states that the political party system formed on the constitutional basis of the Basic Law of Germany is one of the key pillars of democracy of the German state. The Western German-style political party system, based on a substantial legal framework, political culture, and traditions, has convincingly proved its democratic spirit and viability over several decades of the post-war period. The effectiveness of this system was ensured by the presence of the two large parties, the Christian Democrats and the Social Democrats. The attractiveness of their policy priorities, broad political activity, and statist approaches made it possible to displace other, less influential, parties. The effectiveness and viability of the political party system of Germany are also proven by the course of the process of restoring the country’s state unity.
The current period is characterised by systemic crisis phenomena, which have not spared German major parties. These processes are also taking place in other European countries, as previously stable parties transform over time into an idiosyncratic kind of political and technological institutions. For them, short-term success is a priority and is defined by the number of votes cast, rather than the focus on robust principles and visions of the future.
However, it may be fair to claim that the whole previous experience testifies to the creativity of the political party system of post-war Germany, thus making the modern Federal Republic of Germany able to cope with contemporary problems and challenges. This is – and will be – buttressed by time and new approaches pursued by politicians, experts, and scholars as well as the previous practice of reaching compromises and social concord in the name of national interests. The political party system was and remains an important constituent of the entire state and political system of Germany.
Keywords: political party system, Federal Republic of Germany, state system, Germany, Christian Democrats, Social Democrats.
International Sanctions against the Russian Federation: An Instrument of Pressure and Punishment for Its Aggression against Ukraine and Other International Crimes
Authors: Motsyk Oleksandr
Published: December 2020

The article describes international sanctions against the Russian Federation as an instrument of pressure and punishment for its aggression against Ukraine and other international crimes. The author asserts that sanctions are used to enforce international legal norms when all voluntary conciliation measures of resolving a conflict caused by an international delinquency are exhausted. The Russian aggression endangered the whole European security architecture formed after World War II with the meaningful participation of the US, European countries, and Moscow, then the Soviet Union.
As Ambassador of Ukraine to the USA in 2010–15, the author of the article worked in 2014 with his American colleagues from the State Department, National Security Council, Pentagon, and US Department of the Treasury on the provision of support to Ukraine and imposition of sanctions on Russia. Appeals to exert pressure on Russia to stop its intervention and to provide assistance to Ukraine were also addressed to the UN, other international organisations, and financial institutions. More than 40 states have joined the anti-Russian sanctions.
The author underscores that sanctions can in no case be reduced; rather, they should made tougher until Russia withdraws its troops Ukraine and stops flagrantly violating international law. If Western states have a unified position and political will, Russia will be compelled to respect the international order and security system formed by the international community after World War II, particularly in Europe.
The author emphasises that despite the importance of sanctions, it is not until Ukraine has a robust economy, consistent alignment with Europe, European values, and a powerful military that it will regain control over the occupied Donbas and Crimea.
Keywords: international sanctions, Russian Federation, Donbas, Crimea, security system, law and order.
The Ideologeme of ‘Enemy’: Neurotic Crisis of Identity
Authors: Tkachenko Vasyl
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the reinvigoration of the mechanism of negative socio-political mobilisation inside a society through defeating the ‘other’. What is implied is the establishment of a personal or group identity that brushes off the image of an ‘enemy’ and inflames around it the neurotic crisis. This model of human interaction usually unleashes frustration and social resentment in a society towards the ‘enemy’. A notable example of that is the mass rally against racism, embodied in street riots and incidents with demolition of monuments to former slaveholders and colonisers of the US and Europe. The COVID-19 pandemic and the ensuing economic crisis have accelerated this common syndrome of destruction.
The author believes that it is wrong to reduce the whole phenomenon of social protests to certain barbarous acts. In reality, we are witnessing a true revision of the historical past and reinterpretation of the mechanism of socio-cultural integration in both American society and the whole system of Western liberalism. History proves that every crime against humanity will inevitably lead to sincere repentance – or redemption and serious retribution.
The COVID-19 pandemic and the economic crisis have affected Ukraine, sophisticating the repercussions of the Russian aggression that has lasted for five years. In the meantime, the aggressor has not taken any steps to recognise the fact of aggression. In the information field of the Russian Federation, Ukraine is seen as one of the major ‘enemies’ vindicating the Kremlin’s aggressive great-power policy.
Given the aforementioned, the article is dedicated to analysing whether there is any possibility for these two nations to come to an understanding and refuse from the ideologeme of an ‘enemy’ in the process of building up their national identities.
Keywords: national identity, socio-cultural integration, racism, economic crisis, social protests.
Coronaviruses of Global Irresponsibility: New Old Threats to National Resilience Amid Chronic International Problems
Authors: Zubchenko Serhii
Published: December 2020

The article analyses some international political aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic as well as changes in the security environment due to the global spread of the coronavirus infection. The problem areas of national and international anti-epidemic measures are outlined. The author provides specific examples of malicious instrumental usage of COVID-19 by Russia to further destabilise the international legal order and achieve its foreign policy goals running the gamut from large-scale ‘active measures’ in the information space (in particular, to lobby the easing of sanctions for the illegal annexation of the Ukrainian Crimea and waging the war in Donbas) to political and military special operations. The article substantiates the inadmissibility of lifting sanctions and restrictive measures against Russia until the full restoration of Ukraine’s territorial integrity within internationally recognised borders and refusal of Russia’s leadership from the use of state terrorism methods. The author also articulates the need for a solidary consolidated response to emerging and chronic threats to international security, the implementation of common, scientifically-based, and rational measures, without unjustified restrictions on democratic rights and freedoms, to overcome the current COVID-19 pandemic, avoid the recurrence of similar crises in the future, and prevent the spread of other negative trends posing a clear and direct danger to international peace and security.
Keywords: Russian military aggression against Ukraine, international law, COVID-19, diplomacy, foreign policy, national security, geopolitics, hybrid war.
SPORTS AS A POLITICAL ARENA: SOME REFLECTIONS
Authors: Solanki H.P
Published: December 2020

Since the last few decades the political interventions in sports have increased to a great extent and have made sports as a political arena. This is a dangerous sign of a healthy sportsman spirit. Sport is now no longer a celebration of athletes' great victory and heart-warming stories, but it seems a victory of false on truth or a victory of politics over the goodness of sport. Politics has rotten the soul of sports. Leaders, autocrats, and powerful individuals have been using sports to assert their political dominance. It has been noticed that when the sportsperson’s join certain political parties, they turn as a face of that political party than the reflection of true sportsman spirit. This paper attempts to highlight different ways using which politics has entered in the sports. This paper discusses some significant strategies through which sports are becoming a political arena in India.
EVALUATION AND COMPARISON OF THE ENGLISH TEXTBOOKS OF UPPER PRIMARY SCHOOLS OF WESTERN REGION OF INDIA IN THE LIGHT OF NCF
Authors: Joshi Jagdish , Savaliya Jaydip
Published: December 2020

It is believed that the textbook is a significant medium in the present education system.
Textbook is one of the proven authoritative sources to establish values in students in the elementary stage. Students are mostly depended on the textbook at this stage. So it is necessary, the textbook should be a complete package which develops students’ life in all strata of life. NCERT developed NCF in 1975 following the recommendation of Education Policy on 1968. NCERT develops National Curriculum Framework which provides guidelines for developing textbooks and school curriculum. NCF-2005 prepared by NCERT discusses a wide range of issues related school education. So evaluate the textbooks of English of upper primary schools of western region of India in the light of NCF 2005. Textbooks are in the regional mediums. Textbooks of English are assessed with the reference of NCF-2005. English textbooks have almost all the qualities or as per the NCF2005’s suggestion except one parameters. Out of all the textbooks of five states, there is no any activity which is based on “Peace’. Authors found that said textbooks are decent and team of textbook preparation work properly to follow NCF. All the states are followed NCF above 87%. It is a good score
Extended Reality in Patient Care and Pharmacy Practice: A Viewpoint
Authors: Takemoto Jody , Parmentier Brittany , Bratelli Rachel , Merritt Thayer , Coyne Leanne
Published: December 2020

The evolution of technology has given practitioners and educators more tools to better treat, manage, and educate both patients and future pharmacists. The objective of this viewpoint publication is to describe the current use of extended reality (XR) in pharmacy and propose ways in which pharmacy practice and education may benefit from incorporation of this technology. While these tools have been used for decades by many other professions, pharmacy is starting to adopt XR in professional and educational practice. XR (virtual reality, mixed reality, and augmented reality) is being used in various aspects of pharmacy care and education, such as pain management, diabetes self-care, cross-checking of prescriptions, treatments for addiction, and (in limited ways) patient and pharmacy education. There is great potential for further integration of XR into pharmacy practice and pharmacy education to ultimately improve patient care and education as well as pharmacy education.
Zonisamide for the Management of Essential Tremor: An Illustrative Case Report on Long-Term Effectiveness
Authors: Chen Jack
Published: December 2020

Essential tremor, a common adult pathologic tremor disorder, is characterized by action tremors. Mainstays of treatment include gabapentin, primidone, and propranolol. However, many patients obtain insufficient benefit or do not tolerate these medications (especially the elderly). Short-term studies demonstrate that zonisamide may be effective for essential tremor; however, long-term data are lacking. This is a case report of an 83-year-old, right-handed man with essential tremor of the upper extremities and head who previously failed several pharmacological treatments (defined as obtaining inadequate benefit from maximum tolerated dose) with gabapentin, nadalol, propranolol, and primidone and was initiated on zonisamide monotherapy. Long-term zonisamide therapy (200 mg daily) was well tolerated in this elderly patient and associated with clinically significant improvement of upper extremity tremor and clinically modest improvement in head tremor. The beneficial effects and tolerability were sustained over nearly 28 months of follow-up treatment.
Interpretation of California's Marijuana Regulations after Proposition 64 and Pharmacy Practice Roles in Medical Marijuana Dispensing against Federal Enforcement Risks
Authors: Rosenberg Ettie
Published: December 2020

California was the first state in the union to pass medical marijuana legislation with Proposition 215, the voter enacted California Compassionate Use Act (CCUA, 1996), though regulatory oversight for the medical marijuana industry was negligible over the next 20 years. In 2015, California legislators passed the Medical Marijuana Regulation and Safety Act (MMRSA), providing a new and comprehensive regulatory framework for medical marijuana, subsequently renaming it the Medical Cannabis Regulation and Safety Act (MCRSA), with a planned implementation of January 1, 2018. In 2016, California's marijuana landscape dramatically changed with the Adult Use of Marijuana Act (AUMA), also known as Proposition 64 (“Prop 64”), a voter initiative successful in legalizing recreational marijuana, where many prior similar initiatives had failed. In 2017, California lawmakers merged the two Acts (MCRSA and AUMA) into the Medical and Adult Use of Cannabis Regulation and Safety Act, (MAUCRSA), known as Senate Bill 94 (SB 94), which passed overwhelmingly and created a single comprehensive marijuana regulatory scheme for California by integrating the 2015 recreational marijuana law with the state's longstanding medical marijuana program, also effective in January 2018. Given the current national marijuana landscape and political climate, California's novel unified model for regulating and taxing marijuana will likely influence how other states proceed to regulate and tax the emerging legal marijuana industry, which has an estimated value of $7 billion. Part One of this article provides an overview of the soon to be effective “harmonized” regulatory scheme for California's medicinal and recreational marijuana industries, touching on its potential to influence other states. Part Two surveys the changed national marijuana landscape within which three states have already implemented a role for pharmacists in medical marijuana dispensing, despite that under the federal Controlled Substances Act, as a Schedule I substance, marijuana remains illegal for any purpose. The recent developments have not surprisingly triggered questions about a pharmacist's liability vis a vis marijuana dispensing and federal enforcement risks. Part Two also attempts to answer those questions through an informative discussion of the national marijuana landscape, the current political climate, and their respective influences on federal marijuana policy and enforcement.