bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategies of ionoregulation in the freshwater nymph of the mayfly (Hexagenia rigida)
Authors: Nowghani Fargol , Jonusaite Sima , Watson-Leung Trudy , Donini Andrew , Kelly Scott P.
Published: September 2017

This study investigated ionoregulatory strategies used by freshwater (FW) nymphs of the mayfly (Hexagenia rigida). Like other FW organisms, H. rigida nymphs maintain hemolymph ion levels (in mM: Na+∼102; Cl−∼84; K+∼6; pH∼7.35) far in excess of their surroundings. This appears to be accomplished by the combined actions of the alimentary canal, Malpighian tubules (MTs) and tracheal gills. The alimentary canal contributes in a region-specific manner; a view supported by (1) spatial differences in the activity of basolateral Na+-K+-ATPase (NKA) and apical V-type H+-ATPase (VA) and (2) region-specific Na+ and K+ flux rates. Both indicate a prominent role for the hindgut (rectum) in K+ reabsorption. MTs also exhibit region-specific differences in Na+ and K+ flux rates that are coupled with an organized but tortuous architecture. NKA and VA activities were highest in MTs versus all other organs examined. Tracheal gills were found to be sites of Na+ uptake but no difference in Na+ uptake was found between gills taken from different regions of the abdomen or spatially along individual gills. This is likely because each gill exhibited a dense population of NKA and/or VA immunoreactive cells (putative ionocytes). Data provide new insight into how FW mayfly nymphs regulate salt and water balance using the alimentary canal, MTs and tracheal gills as well as the first direct evidence that tracheal gills acquire ions from FW.
Bringing the analysis of animal orientation data full circle: model-based approaches with maximum likelihood
Authors: Fitak Robert R. , Johnsen Sönke
Published: September 2017

In studies of animal orientation, data are often represented as directions that can be analyzed using circular statistical methods. Although several circular statistical tests exist to detect the presence of a mean direction, likelihood-based approaches may offer advantages in hypothesis testing – especially when data are multimodal. Unfortunately, likelihood-based inference in animal orientation remains rare. Here, we discuss some of the assumptions and limitations of common circular tests and report a new R package called CircMLE to implement the maximum likelihood analysis of circular data. We illustrate the use of this package on both simulated datasets and an empirical example dataset in Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Our software provides a convenient interface that facilitates the use of model-based approaches in animal orientation studies.
Culture, Ethnicity, and Diversity
Authors: Desmet Klaus , Ortuño-Ortín Ignacio , Wacziarg Romain
Published: September 2017

We investigate the empirical relationship between ethnicity and culture, defined as a vector of traits reflecting norms, values, and attitudes. Using survey data for 76 countries, we find that ethnic identity is a significant predictor of cultural values, yet that within-group variation in culture trumps between-group variation. Thus, in contrast to a commonly held view, ethnic and cultural diversity are unrelated. Although only a small portion of a country's overall cultural heterogeneity occurs between groups, we find that various political economy outcomes (such as civil conflict and public goods provision) worsen when there is greater overlap between ethnicity and culture. (JEL D74, H41, J15, O15, O17, Z13)
Why Are Indian Children So Short? The Role of Birth Order and Son Preference
Authors: Jayachandran Seema , Pande Rohini
Published: September 2017

Child stunting in India exceeds that in poorer regions like sub-Saharan Africa. Data on over 168,000 children show that, relative to Africa, India's height disadvantage increases sharply with birth order. We posit that India's steep birth order gradient is due to favoritism toward eldest sons, which affects parents' fertility decisions and resource allocation across children. We show that, within India, the gradient is steeper for high-son-preference regions and religions. The gradient also varies with sibling gender as predicted. A back-of-the-envelope calculation suggests that India's steeper birth order gradient can explain over one-half of the India-Africa gap in average child height. (JEL C61, D72, D82, D83, K10, M11)
Case Report: Whole exome sequencing identifies a novel frameshift insertion c.1325dupT (p.F442fsX2) in the tyrosine kinase domain of BTK gene in a young Indian individual with X-linked agammaglobulinemia
Authors: Rawat Amit , Karuthedath Vellarikkal Shamsudheen , Verma Ankit , Jayarajan Rijith , Gupta Anju , Singh Surjit , Chopra Anita , Kumar Rajive , Scaria Vinod , Sivasubbu Sridhar
Published: August 2017

X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is an extremely rare inherited primary immunodeficiency characterized by recurrent bacterial infections, decrease in number of mature B cells and low serum immunoglobulins. XLA is caused by mutations in the gene encoding Bruton's tyrosine kinase. We report a case of a young Indian boy suspected to have XLA. Immunophenotyping was performed for the affected child using CD20, CD19 and CD3 antibodies. Whole exome sequencing was performed using trio-based approach. The variants were further analyzed using capillary sequencing in the trio as well as maternal grandmother. Initial immunophenotyping in the affected child showed decreased count of CD19+ B cells. To strengthen the clinical findings and confirm the diagnosis of XLA, we performed whole exome sequencing. Our analysis identified a novel frameshift insertion (c.1325dupT) in theBTKgene, which was further validated by Sanger sequencing. Our approach shows the potential in using whole exome sequencing to pinpoint the molecular lesion, enabling timely diagnosis and genetic counseling, and potentially offering prenatal genetic testing for the family.
Functional Literacy of Younger Schoolchild: Target Setting
Authors: Виноградова Наталья , Vinogradova Natalya
Published: August 2017

The article considers the key ideas of academic and methodological complex “Primary school of the XXI century”: priority of the development of learning activity, conditions of successful differential training, organization of educational interaction and search activity of schoolchildren on the basis of imaginary situation. The concept of “norm” is considered in respect to the sphere of education from the perspective of ensuring the objective interests of the public, compliance with the requirements of state educational standards, as well as the specifics of the didactic process, which includes objectives, content, methods and tools.
Formation by Younger Schoolchildren Reading Skills on the Basis of Work with Cognitive Texts
Authors: Сильченкова Л. , Sil'chenkova L. , Кочеткова Т. , Kochetkova T.
Published: August 2017

The article considers the work with scientific and cognitive works at literary reading lessons in the light of the requirements of the Federal state educational standard of primary general education. A brief description of the origins and traditions of the methodology for working with such texts is given, as well as the practice of applying scientific and cognitive literature in primary school. An example of a modern approach to work with scientific and cognitive works in literary reading classes is given. Particular attention is paid to the formation of text skills in junior schoolchildren when working with scientific and artistic works, which are important both for literary reading lessons and for lessons on other subjects of primary school.
Management of Reported and Forecast EPS, Investor Responses, and Research Implications
Authors: Cheong Foong Soon , Thomas Jacob
Published: August 2017

We document substantial management of reported and forecast earnings per share (EPS) for analyst-followed U.S. firms, with the extent of management increasing with share price. Managers smooth the volatility of reported EPS by using accruals to offset cash flow shocks. Smoother EPS is easier to forecast, resulting in smaller forecast errors. Managers also differentially guide forecasts to improve accuracy. Whereas unmanaged forecast errors are much larger for high-price firms, they are compressed to the point their magnitudes resemble those for low-price firms. Managers also guide analyst forecasts to generate patterns of forecast walkdowns that again vary with share price. Given the remarkable level of management implied by our results, we conduct additional robustness analyses. The strongest evidence is observed in stock price responses: investors recognize efforts to manage reported and forecast EPS and adjust accordingly. We highlight potential biases caused by researchers being unaware of managerial efforts and investor responses, and offer ways to mitigate those biases.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2832 .

This paper was accepted by Shivaram Rajgopal, accounting.
The bilaminar (Dual-Laminate) protective night guard
Authors: Longridge Nicholas N , Milosevic Alexander
Published: September 2017

Tooth wear is an increasing problem for general dental practitioners. Attrition is associated with bruxism, primarily a stress-related condition that is difficult to manage dentally. Direct composite restorations are frequently used to restore the worn anterior dentition. Soft occlusal appliances (night guards) are often prescribed in bruxism, despite debatable clinical benefit. Bilaminar (dual-laminate) splints or night guards are composed of two distinct layers of ethylene-vinyl acetate; a soft inner and a harder outer layer. These occlusal appliances are cost-effective to construct, easy to fit and offer greater resistance to occlusal forces than entirely soft occlusal appliances. Patient compliance is excellent. Bilaminar night guards are proposed as an alternative occlusal appliance to prevent further attritional tooth wear from bruxism when TMD is absent and for protection of composite placed to restore the worn dentition.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: The soft occlusal guard is widely used in dentistry but lacks durability and cannot be adjusted. To prevent further attrition and protect restorations, the use of a bilaminar or dual laminate material is advocated in cases of bruxism.
Reviews: Books
Authors: Bircher Jen , Brewer Reed
Published: September 2017

Irreversible, Tim Palmer, (2015)

London: Palgrave Macmillan, 192 pp., ISBN: 9780230336971 (pbk), $35.00

Queer Masculinities in Latin American Cinema: Male Bodies and Narrative Representations, Gustavo Subero, (2014)

London: I.B. Tauris, 241pp., ISBN: 9781780763200 (hbk), $94.00
AERODYNAMIC LOAD OF AN AIRCRAFT WITH A HIGHLY ELASTIC WING
Authors: Schoř Pavel
Published: September 2017

In this article, a method for calculation of air loads of an aircraft with an elastic wing is presented. The method can predict a redistribution of air loads when the elastic wing deforms. Unlike the traditional Euler or Navier-Stokes CFD to FEM coupling, the method uses 3D panel method as a source of aerodynamic data. This makes the calculation feasible on a typical recent workstation. Due to a short computational time and low hardware demands this method is suitable for both the preliminary design stage and the load evaluation stage. A case study is presented. The study compares a glider wing performing a pull maneuver at both rigid and and elastic state. The study indicates a significant redistribution of air load at the elastic case.
RETRACTED: POSSIBILITY OF MONITORING OF PAHs DISTRIBUTION IN THE VERTICAL PROFILE AT THE BACKGROUND METEOROLOGICAL STATION KREŠÍN
Authors: Strnadová Gabriela , Hanuš Vlastimil , Kahoun David , Semerák Petr , Tříska Jan
Published: September 2017

 This article has been retracted by Editorial Office, upon an approval of all authors. The Publisher apologized for any inconvenience this may cause.

The contaminants present in the atmosphere have a substantial impact on public health. Among contaminants, the most important are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). This paper is focused on the possibility of continuous PAHs monitoring and the description of their vertical distribution using filters, which serve to purify the air before the determination of the greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4, N2O, CO, ozone) and Hg in air, continuously sampled at 8, 50 and 230m at the atmospheric station Krešín near Pacov and elaboration of a simple and economical method of extraction of these filters. The station serves as a point for monitoring the occurrence and remote transport of greenhouse gases and selected atmospheric pollutants and for the measurements of basic meteorological characteristics. In December, 17, 2014, a sampling of 16 priority PAHs started and lasted until December, 9, 2015. Samples were taken approximately once a month. The maximum concentration of ΣPAHs was 15.905 ng/m3, measured at the height of 8 meters in the period of 11. 2. 2015–11. 3. 2015, the concentration of benzo[a]pyrene exceeded the immission limit in the period by more than 50%. By the sampling, the hypothesis about decreasing concentration of PAHs with increasing height was confirmed, especially the decrease of heavier PAHs. The sampling has shown that it is highly desirable to use the meteorological tower for sampling of PAHs using PTFE filters either by including the active sampler itself, or by using pre-filters for tropospheric ozone and gaseous elemental mercury analysers.
Corporate governance and tax aggresiveness, an evidence on manufacturing companies in Indonesia
Authors: Adi Prawira Ida Farida
Published: September 2017

The aim of this research is to find out about the influence of corporate governance (Size of Board Commissioners and size of directors) toward tax aggressiveness in manufacturing companies, which are listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange. The sample of this research was 58 manufacturing companies over three years is 2013-2015 with a total of 174 samples, using a purposive sampling method. In this research, researchers used documentation study to collected secondary data with web browsing. Data analysis was performed with the classical assumption and hypothesis testing with multiple linear regression method.To analyze data using SPSS software version 21. The results of hypothesis testing showed that have an influence among corporate governance (Size of Board Commissioners and size of directors) toward tax aggressiveness in manufacturing companies with an indicator books tax different.
Delineating surface and sub surface waterlogged area using RS & GIS: a case study of Rachna Doab
Authors: Mehmood Hannan , Khan Mobushir Riaz , Amin Muhammad , Ali Rizwan
Published: September 2017

Remote sensing (RS) combined with Geographical Information Systems (GIS) offers fabulous contrasting option to routine mapping strategies in observing and mapping of surface and sub-surface waterlogged areas. In the present study, a pre-monsoon and post-monsoon surface waterlogged area was delineated in the four districts of Rachna doab, using Landsat 8 data acquired for the year 2014. Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI) was used mainly to delineate surface waterlogged areas. Perennial surface waterlogged areas were assessed for the study area by incorporating the waterlogged areas derived for both the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons under GIS environment. Result shows that the total surface waterlogged area in pre-monsoon is 5,861 ha, which is 0.51 % of study area and for post-monsoon the surface waterlogging is 8,661 ha, which is 0.75% of study area respectively. Perennial surface waterlogging is 3,573 ha, which is 0.30% of the study area. Maximum waterlogged area was observed in Gujranwala district followed by Hafizabad, Sheikhupura and Nankana Sahib respectively. Further, waterlogged areas caused by rise in groundwater level were also assessed spatially under ArcGIS environment using the piezometric data pertaining of pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons for the year 2014 which were spread all over the study area. The analysis of both the seasons of groundwater levels indicates that the area under critical category during pre-monsoon period was 47,309 ha, which is 4% of the total area. Area under most critical category during post-monsoon period increased from 47,309 to 131,070 ha, which is 11% of the total. The study shows utility of remote sensing and GIS for evaluation of waterlogging areas especially where waterlogging situations occurs because of excessive irrigation and accumulation of rain and floodwater.
The Meaning of Work in a Sustainable Society
Authors: Foster John Bellamy
Published: September 2017

The idea of total liberation from work, in its one-sidedness and incompleteness, is ultimately incompatible with a genuinely sustainable society. The real promise of a system of labor beyond capitalism rests not so much on its expansion of leisure time, but rather on its capacity to generate a new world of creative and collective work, controlled by the associated producers.Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.
The Need for Ecological Restoration
Authors: Clausen Rebecca , Foster John Bellamy
Published: September 2017

Scholars, scientists, politicians, and others are moved to write about climate change for a variety of reasons, including scientific advance, political influence, and public education. For the late Del Weston, the reason was clearly love—for people and for the earth.Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.
Color Build-Up and UV-Protection Performance of Encapsulated Photochromic Dye-Treated Cotton Fabrics
Authors: Kumbasar Emriye Perrin Akçakoca , Çay Ahmet , Morsunbul Seniha , Voncina Bojana
Published: August 2017

A spirooxazine-based photochromic dye was encapsulated by an oil-in-water emulsion, solvent evaporation method. The encapsulated dye was applied to cotton fabric by a pad-cure process with different binder types. Ultraviolet (UV) protection was increased with application of the encapsulated photochromic dye. The type of binder used affected the photochromic color build-up during UV irradiation and could modify the UV protection imparted by the encapsulated photochromic dyes on textiles.
The influence of structured guidance on pre-service teachers’ blog writing
Authors: Lee Youngju
Published: August 2017

The purpose of the study was to investigate how structured blogging influences pre-service teachers’ writings. In this study, pre-service teachers were provided with structured guidance for blog writing to support their instructional media development, undertaken as part of their teacher education course. Content analysis was conducted to examine the distribution of the types of statements and feedback in the blog posts. The proportion of statements varied depending on the sub-topics of the posts. A large number of descriptive statements were identified in the sub-topics which asked for lesson objectives and methods of instructional media use. However, in cases where the rationale for media use was requested, a great number of evaluative statements were found. Reflective statements dominated under the sub-topic of descriptions of the pre-service teachers’ impressions of instructional media development. The most prominent feedback types in the blog comments and replies were social and affirmative. The pre-service teachers rarely used critical or suggestive feedback. However, reflective types of feedback occurred more in their replies than in their comments.
Role of the hydrophobic core in cytoskeleton protein: cardiac myosin binding protein C
Authors: Gołda Maria , Banach Mateusz , Wiśniowski Zdzisław , Ziajka Wojciech , Konieczny Leszek , Roterman Irena
Published: September 2017

Cardiac myosin binding protein C is the object of analysis presented in this paper. The fuzzy oil drop model was applied to analyze the status of the hydrophobic core in two forms of this protein: WT and R502W mutant. The status of the mutant is revealed to be of lower stability than the WT form. The high order of the hydrophobic core is interpreted as the factor of stability of the tertiary structure. The muscle proteins, which undergo significant structural changes as the consequence of external stretching forces, are expected to return to initial structures after the release of an external force. The mutant R502W appears to represent lower stability; thus, the return to the initial structure may be of lower probability. The comparable analysis to other muscle domains (titin) and immunoglobulin domains suggests the very subtle relation to the biological activity of these proteins.
Exemplarik und Erfahrung in allegorischen Ich-Erzählungen (am Beispiel von Konrads von Würzburg ›Klage der Kunst‹)
Authors: Philipowski Katharina
Published: August 2017

Most of the longer worldly fictional Middle High German first-person narrations are allegorical. The article discusses the reasons for this interdependence between allegory and the first-person narrative form, which is observable not only in Middle High German literature, but also in texts belonging to other European vernacular literatures of the time. In my article I develop two main thesis: The first is that the use of allegoric forms marks on the one hand a highbrow literary level and serves as a stylistic ornament of texts, which tend to present themselves mainly as author-speech. This is also the reason why in these texts the ›I‹ is often not only a narrating ›I‹, but also takes over the role of an author on the narrative level of the histoire. The other reason for this interdependence is that among all kinds of narrators, only the first-person narrator is able to cross the border between the extradiegetic and the diegetic world, in which personifications like Frau Minne, Frau Triuwe, or Frau Âventiure have the knowledge about Minne, Triuwe, and Âventiure and wait for the first-person narrator to approach and to be taught. Only he can experience the encounter with the personifications and their instruction himself and only he can pass this knowledge to the recipients as an experience he made himself.
Experimental İnvestigation on a Prototype Solar-Wind Hybrid System with a Pico Hydro Turbine
Authors: Anilkumar T T , P Srinivasa Rao Nayak , Simon Sishaj P
Published: September 2017

Rural electrification is often considered to be the backbone of the rural economy. In spite of launching of ambitious schemes to achieve 100% rural electrification, millions of people, particularly in rural areas are away from grid electricity and its benefits. Renewable energy sources (RES) coupled with pumped storage provides a technically viable solution for continuous power supply in remote areas. Therefore, this paper presents a solar-wind hybrid system with pumped storage generation unit to meet the basic load demands of domestic consumers, using Pico hydro turbine (PHT). A prototype of this system is developed in the laboratory and investigates its operational aspects. This scheme utilizes a PHT (300 W), usually employed in run-off river schemes, in domestic level application. The developed model is evaluated on sunny and cloudy day. It operates on a daily basis, storing the surplus energy from renewable sources by pumping water to an upper reservoir, and retrieve this energy through its PHT. Therefore, this system satisfies the basic load demands of domestic consumers who are away from access to the grid. The control and energy management of the proposed system is carried out using labVIEW.
An Approximation for BER of Optical Wireless System under Weak Atmospheric Turbulence using Point Estimate
Authors: Kaushik Rahul , Khandelwal Vineet , Jain R. C.
Published: September 2017

Obtaining analytically closed-form expression for bit error rate (BER) of an optical wireless communication (OWC) system under weak atmospheric turbulence is extremely difficult and intractable. In this paper, a simple closed-form approximate expression for average BER of OWC system under weak turbulence condition is obtained using point estimate method. The proposed expression is used to compute the BER for on-off keying (OOK) and sub carrier intensity modulated (SIM) binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation schemes. Results obtained using proposed expression are compared with those obtained using Gauss-Hermite quadrature approximation and Monte-Carlo simulations.
University Libraries and Science and Technology Parks: Reasons for Collaboration
Authors: Aportela-Rodriguez Ivett M. , Pacios Ana R.
Published: August 2017

The article analyzes both the relationship between university libraries and science and technology parks (STPs) as well as the role of these libraries in the information management of incubated firms. This relationship with Spanish STPs is also compared to the relationship with parks around the world. Several stakeholders involved in two Spanish parks were interviewed, so a sample made up of both parks’ management, the three university libraries with which they are related to and 121 firms incubated in these parks. The results were compared to results taken from a survey on 107 parks members of the International Association of Science Parks and Areas of Innovation and 77 libraries related to those parks. The study revealed that the library-STP relationship underpin links between parks and universities. The IASP members who receive services from related university libraries show the value of library-STP collaboration. It is a first analytical approach to the library-STP relationship in the entrepreneurial university context. A series of actions to strengthen this relationship and better benefit incubated firms is also included.
Quality of Life and Burden in caregivers of Multiple Sclerosis patients
Authors: Opara Józef , Brola W.
Published: August 2017

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most disabling disorders of the central nervous system. Caregivers of individuals with MS may experience unique caregiver strain due to the age at onset and progressive nature of the disease. Additionally, because MS is more prevalent in women, men often become spousal caregivers. This places women in the position of being care recipients rather than caregivers. Some results also supported hypothesis that female caregivers reported a higher need for emotional support than male caregivers. As with female caregivers, decreased emotional support predicted poorer QoL among male caregivers. Caring for a MS patient may negatively impact several objective and subjective aspects of caregiver's life, such as physical and emotional health, morale, work life, finances, social mobility, interpersonal relationships and sexual life. In studies assessing the psychological consequences of care a higher level of anxiety and depression in caregivers than in the general population has been reported. Caregivers who experience burden are more likely to have a higher risk of depression and a lower quality of life. Early recognition of caregiver burden is important in determining appropriate interventions. In this review report the current state of knowledge about the QoL of MS caregivers as well the burden of MS caregivers has been described.
FC1000: normalized gene expression changes of systematically perturbed human cells
Authors: Lönnstedt Ingrid M. , Nelander Sven
Published: September 2017

The systematic study of transcriptional responses to genetic and chemical perturbations in human cells is still in its early stages. The largest available dataset to date is the newly released L1000 compendium. With its 1.3 million gene expression profiles of treated human cells it offers many opportunities for biomedical data mining, but also data normalization challenges of new dimensions. We developed a novel and practical approach to obtain accurate estimates of fold change response profiles from L1000, based on the RUV (Remove Unwanted Variation) statistical framework. Extending RUV to a big data setting, we propose an estimation procedure, in which an underlying RUV model is tuned by feedback through dataset specific statistical measures, reflecting
Direct Reflexivity in Biblical Hebrew: A Note on נפשׁ
Authors: Jones Ethan
Published: September 2017

Reflexivität ist zu einem bedeutenden Forschungsbereich in der Linguistik geworden. Im biblischen Hebräisch wird jedoch wenig über Reflexivität gesprochen. Darüber hinaus tendieren Sprachforscher dazu, die über Reflexivität schreiben, dazu uneinig darüber zu sein, was ein und was kein Kennzeichen der Reflexivität ist. Meine Studien von נפשׁ tragen zur biblisch-hebräischen Grammatik und Lexikografie bei, indem sie aufzeigen, (1) inwiefern נפשׁ als ein direkter reflexiver Marker dient und (2) wie Reflexivität sich im biblischen Hebräisch zu den Sprachen der Welt verhält.
Beobachtungen zu Alfred Rahlfs’ editionstechnischen Grundsätzen in der ›Handausgabe von 1935‹
Authors: Schäfer Christian
Published: September 2017

Die in diesem Beitrag präsentierten, aus einer genauen editionstechnischen Analyse der von Alfred Rahlfs herausgegebenen Septuaginta-Handausgabe (Stuttgart 1935) gewonnenen Beobachtungen wollen die Benutzung dieser Handausgabe erleichtern und zugleich einen kritischen Umgang mit ihr fördern.
Efficacy of Compression Garments on Recovery From a Simulated Rugby Protocol
Authors: Upton Corrinn M. , Brown Freddy C.W. , Hill Jessica A.
Published: August 2017

Upton, CM, Brown, FC, and Hill, JA. Efficacy of compression garments on recovery from a simulated rugby protocol. J Strength Cond Res 31(11): 2977–2982, 2017—The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy of lower limb compression garments on recovery in club-level rugby players. Nineteen participants (age, 20.3 ± 1.7 years, height, 184.2 ± 7.5 cm, and body mass, 89.5 ± 9.9 kg) completed a rugby-specific, muscle-damaging protocol before being assigned to a compression garment group (n = 10) or a SHAM (“recovery” drink) treatment (n = 9). The compression group wore the garments for 48 hours after exercise, whereas SHAM consumed a sweetened, low energy drink within an hour of protocol completion. Perceived muscle soreness (PMS), creatine kinase (CK), maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), and countermovement jump (CMJ) height were measured at baseline, post, 24, and 48 hours after exercise. Perceived muscle soreness was significantly lower in the compression group compared with the SHAM group at both 24 and 48 hours after exercise (p ≤ 0.05). The compression group was also subject to lower CK values than SHAM, as demonstrated by a significant time by group effect (p ≤ 0.05). There was no significant group effect for MVIC or CMJ (p > 0.05). Wearing compression garments after a rugby-specific, muscle-damaging protocol seems to reduce PMS and circulating concentrations of CK, suggesting improved recovery from muscle-damaging exercise.
Limitations and Challenges in Mapping Ventricular Tachycardia: New Technologies and Future Directions
Authors: Graham Adam J ,   Barts Heart Centre, London, Orini Michele ,   Barts Heart Centre, London,   Institute of Cardiovascular Science, UCL, London, United Kingdom, Lambiase Pier D ,   Barts Heart Centre, London,   Institute of Cardiovascular Science, UCL, London, United Kingdom
Published: August 2017

Recurrent episodes of ventricular tachycardia in patients with structural heart disease are associated with increased mortality and morbidity, despite the life-saving benefits of implantable cardiac defibrillators. Reducing implantable cardiac defibrillator therapies is important, as recurrent shocks can cause increased myocardial damage and stunning, despite the conversion of ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation. Catheter ablation has emerged as a potential therapeutic option either for primary or secondary prevention of these arrhythmias, particularly in post-myocardial infarction cases where the substrate is well defined. However, the outcomes of catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia in structural heart disease remain unsatisfactory in comparison with other electrophysiological procedures. The disappointing efficacy of ventricular tachycardia ablation in structural heart disease is multifactorial. In this review, we discuss the issues surrounding this and examine the limitations of current mapping approaches, as well as newer technologies that might help address them.
Prophylactic Catheter Ablation for Ventricular Tachycardia: Are We There Yet?
Authors: Mukherjee Rahul K ,   Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King’s College London, O’Neill Louisa ,   Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King’s College London, O’Neill Mark D ,   Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King’s College London
Published: August 2017

Ventricular tachycardia (VT), often degenerating into ventricular fibrillation, is the leading cause of sudden cardiac death. Catheter ablation of VT is associated with relatively low, long-term success rates, while the optimal timing of ablation in patients with ischaemic and nonischaemic cardiomyopathy remains unclear. Contemporary practice in most centres is to consider ablation late in the disease process following the failure of anti-arrhythmic medications and/or following recurrent implantable cardioverter-defibrillator shocks. Three major randomised, controlled trials have been published investigating the role of prophylactic catheter ablation for VT. In the present review, we assess the evidence from these and other related trials in VT ablation to understand if there is sufficient evidence to advocate prophylactic catheter ablation in patients with VT.
Antropologia espiritual de Irineu de Lião
Authors: Gonçalves Paulo Sérgio Lopes , Piacente Leonardo Henrique
Published: August 2017

Os espirituais, spirituales vocat, são aqueles que se submetem ao Espírito e em tudo procedem segundo a razão. Não há uma distinção entre a submissão ao Espírito e vida racional, pois só exercitam a reta razão os que vivem os conselhos do Espírito. Esta afirmação é baseada em Irineu de Lião (130-208), no livro V da Adversus haereses, na qual, finalizando a refutação à “pseudognose”, apresenta algumas doutrinas para converter os hereges, reconduzir os afastados e fortalecer a fé dos neófitos. Mas esta antropologia-espiritual, ou seja, a ação Espírito no ser humano, de Irineu demonstra uma influência do contexto cultural filosófico do século II, marcado por uma interpretação espiritual do platonismo, chamado médio-platonismo. O objetivo dessa pesquisa é analisar a ação do Espírito e o uso da razão no ser humano que o faz espiritual, a partir de Irineu, e as influências pelo contexto cultural-filosófico. A metodologia será qualitativa, tendo como base um método bibliográfico exploratório e a hermenêutica das fontes e dos textos. Portanto, buscar-se-á com a leitura do livro V de Irineu, e sua interpretação, com base em comentadores, apresentar a antropologia- spiritual de Irineu e as influências do contexto filosófico-cultural.
Diálogos com Edith Stein e outros diálogos
Authors: Silva Cássio Murilo Dias da
Published: August 2017

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O significado do 4 de julho para o negro, de Frederick Douglass
Authors: Fanton Marcos , Maia Tatiana Vargas
Published: August 2017

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El mandato pedagógico institucional: ¿Cuál perfil de ser humano educar?
Authors: González García Victoria
Published: September 2017

Resumen: En este ensayo se comparten hallazgos de la investigación “Relacionando Pedagogía, Currículo y Didáctica: el caso de las carreras de la Universidad de Costa Rica reacreditadas ante el SINAES”. Esta investigación concibe la educación como un proceso de formación relativo a los seres humanos. Asimismo, elabora una propuesta con respecto a la descripción genérica de un perfil profesional del egresado de esta Universidad. Este perfil o mandato pedagógico institucional se constituye  como una guía para las iniciativas de mejora curricular y didáctica en la institución, y fue construido a partir del trabajo con distintos docentes y los lineamientos existentes en documentos institucionales y en entrevistas a personas que coordinan esfuerzos relacionados con este tema. Al respecto, se parte del análisis de la misión universitaria considerada como la base de lo que hemos denominado “mandato pedagógico institucional”. A partir de dicho mandato se realiza una reflexión sobre  los orígenes de la Universidad de Costa Rica para identificar el contexto de su creación, la influencia en el modelo educativo costarricense y la pertinencia actual de dicha misión desde el Estatuto Orgánico de la Universidad. Con base en este ejercicio académico se construye el referido perfil con el fin de que guíe los distintos esfuerzos curriculares desarrollados en la Institución y en las distintas iniciativas de mejora docente. Se concluye que el perfil refleja el ideal universitario derivado del deseo o aspiración que orienta a esta Casa de Estudios Superiores con la razón de ser de la Universidad.
La acción tutorial como experiencia educativa para la formación integral de los estudiantes de Medicina
Authors: Martínez Sánchez Lina María , Conejo Carrasco Francisco , Rodríguez Sierra Astrid Viviana
Published: September 2017

La tutoría fue usada por pensadores como Sócrates, Aristóteles y Sullivan, esta permite romper barreras entre docentes y estudiantes, facilita el intercambio de información y media positivamente los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje y por ende, la formación integral. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar cómo influye la tutoría en la formación integral de la comunidad estudiantil de Medicina de una universidad de la ciudad de Medellín. Se empleó el método mixto con enfoque cualitativo y cuantitativo, los participantes fueron estudiantes de los primeros 4 semestres académicos durante el segundo periodo académico de 2014. Para la recolección de información se utilizaron dos instrumentos diseñados por los investigadores, uno para los datos cuantitativos y otro para la entrevista semiestructurada. Para el análisis cuantitativo se calcularon proporciones, con excepción de la edad a la que se estimó media y desviación estándar, los datos cualitativos fueron analizados manualmente mediante notas de análisis para organizar y clasificar la información recolectada de acuerdo con categorías y subcategorías. Participaron 140 estudiantes de medicina, el promedio de edad fue 19,1 años (DS 1,1), el 65,0% fue de sexo femenino, todas las personas participantes eran solteras. Los principales motivos para asistir a tutoría fueron: hábitos de estudio 65% y rendimiento académico 51,4%. Para el 67,1% del estudiantado es satisfactorio el programa de tutorías. Algunos de los participantes consideraron que la tutoría influye en su formación integral, pero otros tienen opiniones contrarias, por lo cual es necesario establecer mejoras en el programa de tutorías que garantice una mejor percepción por parte de la comunidad estudiantil
CONCEITOS DE ERGODICIDADE E AUTOCORREÇÃO APLICADOS AO FILTRO DE WIENER
Authors: Costa Roberto Douglas , Doria Neto Adrião Duarte , Valentim Ricardo Alexsandro de Medeiros , Castro Hilário Jose Silveira , Silva José Wanderson Oliveira
Published: August 2017

Atualmente, diferentes técnicas têm sido desenvolvidas para tratamento de sinais com o objetivo da remoção de ruídos existentes, principalmente em sinais de voz. Muitas aplicações têm sido desenvolvidas e aperfeiçoadas nas mais diversas áreas tecnológicas, como as de telecomunicações, automação, eletrônica entre outras. Problemas como o de interferência inerente de um sistema, seja ele na detecção, no processamento, na transmissão ou na recepção, tem sido motivo para o aprimoramento de técnicas de otimização. Com o objetivo de restaurar os sinais de qualquer natureza, no qual sofreram algum tipo de degradação ou distorção, foi investigado o uso de filtros de Wiener através de algoritmos implementados em “Matlab”, através de uma abordagem conceitual de teorias de processos estocásticos baseados nos princípios de ergoticidade, autocorrelação e equações de Yule-Walker.
Atitude e Desempenho em Matemática, Crenças Autorreferenciadas e Família: uma path-analysis
Authors: Loos-Sant’Ana Helga , Brito Márcia Regina Ferreira de
Published: August 2017

Resumo O presente estudo, de caráter descritivo, objetivou avaliar a influência de: (1) atitudes em relação à matemática de pais de estudantes, bem como expectativas destes sobre a vida acadêmica dos filhos e seu desempenho na disciplina de matemática; (2) recursos pessoais de estudantes, tais como crenças autorreferenciadas (crenças de controle e autoconceito), sobre seu desempenho e atitudes em relação à matemática. A amostra foi composta por 94 alunos de 3a., 5a. e 7a. séries, provenientes de uma escola particular de Campinas (SP), e seus pais. Dados foram obtidos por meio de observações em classe e pela aplicação de questionários e escalas, tendo sido submetidos a análises do tipo univariada e multivariada, bem como à modelização por equações estruturais (path-analysis). Os resultados mostraram clara tendência à negativação das atitudes à medida que os alunos avançam nas séries escolares, tendo os mais jovens demonstrado, também, melhor desempenho nessa disciplina. Meninas apresentaram atitudes mais positivas em relação à matemática, porém autopercepção depreciada acerca de seu desempenho, mesmo quando obtinham melhores notas. Foram encontradas interações significativas entre as atitudes e expectativas dos pais e as crenças de controle e o autoconceito dos filhos. Estas últimas, que desempenham papel moderador, parecem afetar fortemente as atitudes e o desempenho nessa disciplina. Destaca-se a importância de a instituição escolar estimular a formação de atitudes positivas ao longo das séries escolares, buscando propiciar experiências pessoais agradáveis com a matemática e, em um trabalho conjunto com a família, fortalecer o senso de competência e a confiança dos alunos nas próprias capacidades.
Dificultades Metodológicas en la Investigación sobre Pensamiento Matemático Indígena y su Paradójica Educación Matemática
Authors: Aroca Armando , Cauty André
Published: August 2017

Resumen El objetivo de esta investigación consistió en determinar cuáles son las principales dificultades que afronta el investigador en etnomatemática cuando indaga sobre el pensamiento matemático indígena y es ajeno a esta comunidad. La metodología empleada para establecer esto, fue hacer un análisis de investigación documental, tomando como referencia gran parte de los textos producidos en Colombia. Este análisis permitió que emergieran categorías que se clasificaron como dificultades. Se concluyó que estas dificultades son el producto de una escasa formación en investigación cualitativa de tipo etnográfica que no le permite al investigador identificar en el diseño de la investigación y en las fases mismas de la ejecución las relaciones de poder, la interpretación del otro (el indígena) y su relación con el mundo actual, lo que puede conllevar a procesos de imposición o a una discusión artificiosa de un pensamiento matemático inexistente en la realidad de la comunidad indígena y que tiene efectos en su educación matemática.
Justicia distributiva global e inmigración
Authors: Loewe Daniel
Published: August 2017

Resumen El artículo evalúa argumentos presentados a favor de la inmigración que se basan en exigencias normativas de la justicia distributiva: el argumento liberal igualitario, el argumento de compensación, el argumento de la posesión común de la tierra, y el argumento utilitarista. Se sostiene que la migración no es el método más efectivo para avanzar los fines de la justicia distributiva global y que, por lo tanto, estos enfoques tienen un alcance menor en tanto argumentos a favor de la migración, aunque muy relevante en determinadas circunstancias.
A Grand Tour de um brasileiro: a importância da Itália nas ideias de Manuel de Araújo Porto-Alegre
Authors: Squeff Letícia
Published: August 2017

Resumo Manuel de Araújo Porto-Alegre (1806-1879) foi um dos mais importantes pensadores do século XIX no Brasil. Este artigo trata da importância que a viagem para a Itália teve na trajetória deste pensador. Os contatos com os clássicos e com o universo das viagens pitorescas marcaram a sua produção como artista. Nos poucos desenhos daquele período que chegaram até nós, percebe-se o gosto pelo pitoresco de um artista sintonizado com a cultura do Grand Tour e com a sensibilidade romântica. Além disso, o aprendizado na Itália familiarizou o brasileiro com valores e métodos em discussão nos meios antiquários e eruditos da época. Graças a isso, Porto-Alegre faria alguns anos depois uma interpretação da história da arte no Brasil inspirada na leitura de autores como Johann J. Winckelmann e Luigi Lanzi. Finalmente, o artigo defende que a passagem pela Itália funcionou, para Porto-Alegre, como uma espécie de atestado simbólico, garantindo- lhe lugar entre os eruditos franceses do Instituto Histórico de Paris, bem como entre os estudiosos do Instituto Histórico Brasileiro. Se fora para a Europa como aspirante a pintor, Porto-Alegre voltou da Itália como um erudito.
Psychotropic prescriptions for the treatment of schizophrenia in an outpatient clinic
Authors: Okpataku Christopher Izehinosen , Tawani David
Published: August 2017

Abstract Introduction There is an unpredictable pattern in the prescription of antipsychotics and other psychotropic medications for the treatment of schizophrenia, particularly in resource-limited settings in developing countries. Objective To determine the psychotropic prescriptions given to patients with schizophrenia in an outpatient clinic of a tertiary hospital and to describe the choices and trends of these prescriptions. Methods This was a cross-sectional descriptive study of prescriptions for adults with schizophrenia. After clinical consultation, patients’ case notes were randomly selected over a period of 2 years. Using a structured form, data were extracted from the case notes including biodemographic data, psychotropic medications prescribed and changes made to these prescriptions. Data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics. Results A total of 103 patients were selected, with a mean age of 35.96±9.78 years; 48.5% were males and 51.5% were females; 33% were unemployed and 38% had been hospitalized in the past. There were 231 initial prescriptions and 228 current prescriptions, with about 2.2 prescriptions per patient. Haloperidol (mean dose 14.77±6.28mg and 11.44±5.55mg for initial and current) and other old-generation antipsychotics were the most commonly prescribed for new cases (98%). Mean duration of psychotropic use was 7.78±5.6 years. All the patients were prescribed trihexyphenidyl, and 56.3% of the patients had their medications changed as a result of side effects. Conclusion There was a very high preference for the use of first-generation antipsychotics for all treatment settings (in- and outpatients), a pattern that is likely to persist.