bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Companies’ statements about drugs withdrawn from the Canadian market: A descriptive analysis
Authors: Lexchin Joel
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: Companies often defending their products when there are concerns about their safety and/or effectiveness. OBJECTIVE: This study looks at drugs removed from the Canadian market from 1990 onward and examines how companies responded. METHODS: This descriptive analysis used a previously published article and a hand search of a Government of Canada website to generate a list of drugs withdrawn from Canada from 1990 onwards. For each product the following information was extracted: brand name, generic name, company, date of withdrawal and evidence base for withdrawal. Google and Factiva searches were used to identify sources containing statements from the company about the withdrawal. Statements were independently graded by two people into the following categories: company agrees with the withdrawal; drug could be used safely with certain precautions; company may reintroduce the drug; company disagrees with the withdrawal. Searches were carried out between September 15–20, 2020. RESULTS: There were 22 drugs for which there were company statements. In 10 statements, the companies disagreed with the decision to withdraw the drug and in 7 they agreed with the decision. In the other 5 cases they felt that the drug could have been kept on the market with restrictions (2 cases) or they might reintroduce the drug (3 cases). The level of evidence for the withdrawal did not seem to influence the companies’ position. CONCLUSION: In 15 out of 22 cases, the company either disagreed with the decision to withdraw the drug or felt that the drug should continue to be available to Canadian patients.
A decision making algorithm for rehabilitation after stroke: A guide to choose an appropriate and safe treadmill training
Authors: Vanoglio Fabio , Olivares Adriana , Bonometti Gian Pietro , Damiani Silvia , Gaiani Marta , Comini Laura , Luisa Alberto
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: Walking independently after a stroke can be difficult or impossible, and walking reeducation is vital. But the approach used is often arbitrary, relying on the devices available and subjective evaluations by the doctor/physiotherapist. Objective decision making tools could be useful. OBJECTIVES: To develop a decision making algorithm able to select for post-stroke patients, based on their motor skills, an appropriate mode of treadmill training (TT), including type of physiotherapist support/supervision required and safety conditions necessary. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed data from 97 post-stroke inpatients admitted to a NeuroRehabilitation unit. Patients attended TT with body weight support (BWSTT group) or without support (FreeTT group), depending on clinical judgment. Patients’ sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, including the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale (CIRS) plus measures of walking ability (Functional Ambulation Classification [FAC], total Functional Independence Measure [FIM] and Tinetti Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment [Tinetti]) and fall risk profile (Morse and Stratify) were retrieved from institutional database. RESULTS: No significant differences emerged between the two groups regarding sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Regarding walking ability, FAC, total FIM and its Motor component and the Tinetti scale differed significantly between groups (for all, p < 0.001). FAC and Tinetti scores were used to elaborate a decision making algorithm classifying patients into 4 risk/safety (RS) classes. As expected, a strong association (Pearson chi-squared, p < 0.0001) was found between RS classes and the initial BWSTT/FreeTT classification. CONCLUSION: This decision making algorithm provides an objective tool to direct post-stroke patients, on admission to the rehabilitation facility, to the most appropriate form of TT.
Medical image segmentation using boundary-enhanced guided packet rotation dual attention decoder network
Authors: Lu Hongchun , Tian Shengwei , Yu Long , Xing Yan , Cheng Junlong , Liu Lu
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: The automatic segmentation of medical images is an important task in clinical applications. However, due to the complexity of the background of the organs, the unclear boundary, and the variable size of different organs, some of the features are lost during network learning, and the segmentation accuracy is low. OBJECTIVE: To address these issues, this prompted us to study whether it is possible to better preserve the deep feature information of the image and solve the problem of low segmentation caused by unclear image boundaries. METHODS: In this study, we (1) build a reliable deep learning network framework, named BGRANet,to improve the segmentation performance for medical images; (2) propose a packet rotation convolutional fusion encoder network to extract features; (3) build a boundary enhanced guided packet rotation dual attention decoder network, which is used to enhance the boundary of the segmentation map and effectively fuse more prior information; and (4) propose a multi-resolution fusion module to generate high-resolution feature maps. We demonstrate the effffectiveness of the proposed method on two publicly available datasets. RESULTS: BGRANet has been trained and tested on the prepared dataset and the experimental results show that our proposed model has better segmentation performance. For 4 class classifification (CHAOS dataset), the average dice similarity coeffiffifficient reached 91.73%. For 2 class classifification (Herlev dataset), the prediction, sensitivity, specifificity, accuracy, and Dice reached 93.75%, 94.30%, 98.19%, 97.43%, and 98.08% respectively. The experimental results show that BGRANet can improve the segmentation effffect for medical images. CONCLUSION: We propose a boundary-enhanced guided packet rotation dual attention decoder network. It achieved high segmentation accuracy with a reduced parameter number.
Minocycline Mitigation of Tremor Syndrome and Defect of Cognitive and Balance Induced by Harmaline
Authors:   Department of Physiology, Physiological Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Maneshian Marzieh , Nasirinezhad Farinaz ,   Department of Physiology, Physiological Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Mohammadi Fatemeh ,   Intracellular Recording Lab, Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran., Behzadi Mina ,   Intracellular Recording Lab, Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran., Asadi-Shekaari Majid ,   Intracellular Recording Lab, Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran., Shabani Mohammad ,   Intracellular Recording Lab, Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Minocycline has anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and anti-oxidant effects. Preclinical data suggest that minocycline could be beneficial for treating common neurological disorders, including Parkinson disease and multiple sclerosis. Methods: In this study, the effects of minocycline on harmaline-induced motor and cognitive impairments were studied in male Wistar rats. The rats were divided into four groups of ten animals each. Harmaline was used for the induction of Essential Tremor (ET). Minocycline (90 mg/kg, IP) was administered 30 minutes before the saline or harmaline. Tremor intensity, spontaneous locomotor activity, passive avoidance memory, anxiety-related behaviors, and motor function were assessed in the rats. Results: The results showed that minocycline could recover tremor intensity and step width but failed to recuperate the motor balance. The memory impairments observed in harmaline-treated rats were somewhat reversed by administration of minocycline. The cerebellum and inferior olive nucleus were studied for neuronal degeneration using histochemistry and transmission electron microscopy techniques. Harmaline caused ultrastructural changes and neuronal cell loss in inferior olive and cerebellar Purkinje cells. Minocycline exhibited neuroprotective changes on cerebellar Purkinje cells and inferior olivary neurons. Conclusion: These results open new therapeutic perspectives for motor and memory impairments in ET. However, further studies are needed to clarify the exact mechanisms.
Determining Factors Affecting Fire Risk in a Hospital in Qazvin, Iran
Authors:   Student Research Committee, School of Public Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Kurd Hazhir , Zaroushani Vida ,   Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran., Akbari Yousef ,   Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran., Safari Variani Ali ,   Department of Prehospital Medical Emergencies, School of Paramedical Sciences, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
Published: May 2021

Background: Hospitals are highly vulnerable to fire because of the presence of vulnerable people (patients, medical staff, and visitors), expensive equipment, and the ignorance and low-risk perception of occupants. Injuries caused by fire can result in life and financial losses and can disrupt the performance of a hospital. Fire risk assessment is an effective way to assess vulnerability, capacity, and capability. This study aims to evaluate the risk of fire and identify the effective factors and their contribution to a hospital. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using the Fire Risk Assessment Method for Engineering (FRAME) in the equipment room of a hospital in Qazvin, Iran. The fire risk was first calculated by using the related formulas in Excel software. Then, the influential factors and their contribution to the overall risk were determined to perform corrective measures for reducing the risk. Results: The numerical value of risk for the building and its contents, occupants, and activities were 2.075, 3.315, and 2.481, respectively (>1), indicating its unacceptable level. Factors affecting the potential risk level for the building and its content and occupants were fire load, venting, and access. Regarding the acceptable risk level, the activation factor was identified as an influential factor in all domains. The highest contribution in the potential risk level for the building and its content and occupants was related to the fire load factor (1.6). In the acceptable risk level, the highest contribution was related to the activation factor (0.4). Conclusion: The FRAME method can also identify effective factors and their contribution to the overall fire risk of medical centers such as hospitals to help develop plans and special measures to reduce the risk.
Technology of formation of future pedagogue’s commitment to designing the educational project content
Authors:   The Glazov Korolenko State Pedagogical Institute, Kurteeva Olga V.
Published: May 2021

The relevance of the research is accounted for by the need to reshape the system of professional training of future pedagogues towards realisation of the sought educational function. The training process should envisage the formation of young specialist’s professional qualities in adapting the content of educational work to learners’ individual characteristics and educational needs. Due commitment to selecting and structuring (designing) the content of educational projects is a significant component of such qualities. In the research 680 students and 836 learners of general education organisations took part. The following methods were applied: active learning, group expert assessment, observation, pedagogical experiment, authorial diagnostic tools, case studies. Pearson’s criterion χ2 was used to establish statistically credible differences between the control and experimental groups. It was revealed that the efficiency of future pedagogue’s training within the framework of the explored activities increases with the use of due technology for forming a commitment to constructing the educational project content. The essence of the professional training technology is teaching the future pedagogue to design (select and structure) the elements of the educational project thesaurus with regard for the learners’ individual characteristics and educational needs, and to apply it in practice in addressing the educational targets. Following the implementation of the said technology, the experimental group showed a significant increase in the number of students demonstrating high and medium levels of preparedness for the above work (χ2 = 5.99; p = 0.05). A significant difference was found between the groups in respect of three of the four analysed components: motivational (χ2 = 9.14; p < 0.05), cognitive (χ2 = 12.8; p < 0.05), evaluative-reflexive (χ2 = 7.8; p < 0.05). At the same time, no difference was found between the groups in terms of the activity component: (χ2 = 2.45; p > 0.05). This fact is accounted for by the same requirements for the educational process results in both groups and by the generalised mission of preparing students for project-specific and functional activities. The developed technology may be used in the process of practice-oriented training of the future and presently functioning pedagogues for the realisation of the educational mission.
Personal motivational resource as a condition for the development of self-education competence in university students
Authors:   North Caucasus Federal University, Solovieva Olga V. , Romaeva Natalia B. ,   Stavropol Regional Institute for the Development of Education, Advanced Training and Retraining of Educators, Salnikova Olesya D. ,   North Caucasus Federal University
Published: May 2021

Introduction. The relevance of the research subject was determined by the present-day higher-education requirements for students’ self-educational competence. One of the conditions for its development is the personal motivational resource which allows the student to actualise and reliably meet his/her need for self-education and self-development. Materials and methods. The research was carried out on the basis of the federal state autonomous institution of higher education North-Caucasus Federal University (N=200) with the use of the following methods: the authors’ questionnaire “Assessing the level of students’ self-education”, “Diagnostics of the personality’s motivational structure” (Milman), “Methodology for exploring the learning motivation” (Lukyanova, Kalinkina), adapted version of “Diagnostics of motivators of a person’s social and psychological activity” (Fetiskin). The study used as well the comparative methods of mathematical statistics (Mann Whitney U test; Wilcoxon signed-rank test). Results. It was revealed that 30% and 29% of students, respectively, demonstrated low and high levels of formed self-education competence. The students with the high level of self-education had a progressive profile of personal motivational structure for the most part (41.4%); a very high level of motivation for learning, development motives and expressed inclination to creative activity (48.3%) testifying to internal motivation and personality-inherent substantiation of learning; the need for success (48.2%) and the tendency towards affiliation (group recognition) (41.4%). The students with the low level of self-education are predominantly characterised by impulsive (26.6%) and regressive (23.3%) profiles of personal motivational structure; moderate and reduced levels of motivation for learning (50%); three groups of motives: achieving success – 30.0%; striving for power – 36.7%; tendency towards affiliation – 33.3%, which evidences the prevailing external motivation for learning. The intergroup differences according to the Mann Whitney U test are statistically significant (p<0.05). The obtained results of the students’ personal motivational characteristics made it possible to identify the areas of content-specific support required for the development of self-education competence in undergraduate students. The experimental control-stage data showed positive dynamics in the development of the students’ self-education competence. A number of statistically significant differences according to the Wilcoxon signed-rank test were identified (p <0.05; p <0.01).
Formation of professional identity of persons with intellectual incapacity as a factor of their social development
Authors:   Bunin Yelets State University, Emelyanova Irina D. , Podolskaya Olesya A. ,   Bunin Yelets State University, Yakovleva Irina V. ,   Bunin Yelets State University
Published: May 2021

Introduction. The process of professional identity formation of the population is one of the most important problems of the modern society; however, the same problem in persons with intellectual incapacity acquires special relevance due to the fact that the specificity and characteristics of their psychophysical development “leave a stamp” on their professional choice. The purpose of the research is to develop the structure and content of the process of professional identity formation in adolescents with intellectual incapacity. Materials and methods. The experimental research was carried out as based on the municipal state-funded educational institution “Yelets School No. 19” and the governmental state-funded educational institution “Yelets Specialised Boarding School” of Lipetsk region. The experiment involved 40 adolescent children with disabilities (intellectual incapacity) aged 13-16. Research methods: “Assessment of propensity to various spheres of professional activity” (L.A. Yovaysha), “Interests chart” (A.E. Golomshtok), “My future profession” (R.P. Karpilina), differential diagnostic questionnaire (A.E. Klimov), “Motives for choosing a profession” (R.V. Ovcharova), modified by the authors in accordance with the conditions of the experiment. Results. The quality analysis of the results obtained in the course of the research made it possible to characterise the level-specific structure of the explored group with intellectual incapacity (30% – average, 70% – below the average). The research revealed the ill-preparedness of the adolescents with intellectual incapacity for professional identity formation. This is expressed in lack of interest to choosing a profession, expressed by 67% of the respondents, poor awareness of the existing professional activity areas (49%), inability to assess own practical skills in professional labour that might cause their interest (70%), lack of motivation in choosing a profession and poor assessment of compliance of their health resource with the requirements of a chosen specialty (77%). Conclusion. The model of professional identity formation in adolescents with intellectual incapacity, developed by the authors, made it possible to describe the explored process as an integral structure. The introduction of the model into practical use will help to implement – in the organisational and technological aspect – the activities aimed at professional identity formation of the specified category of persons.
Skype technologies in developing listening and speaking skills when teaching English to tour guides
Authors:   RUDN University, Pushkina Anna V. , Krivoshlykova Lyudmila V. ,   RUDN University, Larina Elena V. ,   Center for the Study of Foreign Languages ​​"CREF-R"
Published: May 2021

Introduction. The relevance of the study is due to the need for the formation and development of listening and speaking skills, which are crucial for guides-translators who use English in work with foreign tourists and require constant improvement. It is the distance learning format that allows you to improve your professional language level. The purpose of the study is to develop a model for on-line teaching guides the English language employing Skype technologies. Methodology. The key research methods were the method of a needs analysis (questionnaires and interviews) and a pedagogical experiment. Questionnaires, interviews and testing allowed selecting the participants of the experiment who demonstrated high motivation to study online and confirmed their B1-B2 level of English. The experiment, which took place on the basis of the Moscow School of Tourism and Hospitality "Tour Center", involved two groups of 14 people each. Using a learner-centered approach we created a twelve-week Skype-based English course, which correlated with the professional training syllabus of the participants of the experiment. Results. The results of the final testing and interview showed that this technique with the use of Skype technologies is effective and contributes to the further formation and development of speaking and listening skills. The number of students experiencing difficulty demonstrating these skills decreased from 55% to 22% and 60% to 30%, respectively. In addition, the approbation of the developed model revealed the advantages and disadvantages of distance learning in general and Skype technologies in particular. Conclusion. The study showed the high efficiency of Skype-technologies in teaching English for special purposes as part of an additional educational course. The developed methodology can be used in the process of practice-oriented training aimed at forming the professional competencies of future specialists.
Istraživanje korištenja, gospodarenja i zaštite prirodnih dobara u zakonom zaštićenim područjima
Authors: Vitasović-Kosić Ivana , Đermek Lucija
Published: May 2021

Ovo istraživanje potaknuto je istraživačkim pitanjem postoje li neki konkretni problemi pri provođenju Zakona o zaštiti prirode i Plana upravljanja u samom Parku prirode Medvednica, koji je ujedno sastavni dio ekološke mreže Natura 2000. U radu su prikazani su rezultati istraživanja stavova predstavnika Javne ustanove PP Medvednica te su anketirani stanovnici rubnih zona PP Medvednica vezano uz tematiku korištenja i gospodarenja prostorom u zakonom zaštićenom području. Rezultati su pokazali da postoje problemi u PP od kojih je najvažniji problem odlaganje otpada i veliki broj posjetitelja koji se ne ponašaju u
skladu s pravilima ponašanja u zaštićenom području. Kao najveće prednosti PP Medvednica navodi se da je to prostor za odmor i rekreaciju
te predstavlja "pluća" grada Zagreba. Sadržaj koji najviše privlače stanovništvo rubnih zona jesu raznolikost biljnog i životinjskog svijeta
te mir i tišina, čist zrak. Od biljaka sezonski se sakupljaju uglavnom plodovi (kesten, kupina i šumska jagoda) te gljive. Najčešće spominjane zaštićene biljne vrste jesu: Taxus baccata, Galanthus nivalis, Ilex aquifolium i Primula auricula i njih se ne sakuplja. Zaključujemo da su ispitanici dobro upoznati sa sadašnjim stanjem i aktualnim problemima, te smatraju da bi bilo nužno poduzeti bolju kontrolu unutar područja PP Medvednica.
ІНВЕСТИЦІЇ ЯК СКЛАДОВА УПРАВЛІННЯ ОСОБИСТИМИ ФІНАНСАМИ
Authors: Маршук Ліна , Клименко Марина
Published: May 2021

У статті досліджуються інвестиції як складова управління особистими фінансами, що дозволяє збільшити власні доходи ефективніше, ніж заощадження. Дослідження засвідчує, що домогосподарства України вкладають свої тимчасово вільні кошти переважно на банківські депозити, у нерухомість та іноземну валюту, однак в цілому інвестиційні процеси в Україні розвиваються досить повільно у порівнянні із західними країнами. На основі отриманих результатів запропоновано шляхи підвищення стимулювання трансформації заощаджень населення в інвестиції шляхом формування необхідних умов та інфраструктури для ефективного функціонування фінансових ринків, розробка інвестиційних продуктів, що мають високу дохідність та надійність та задовольняють різні потреби населення, підвищення ролі та значущості заощаджень у суспільстві, зміцнення соціального статусу громадян, що мають інвестиційні заощадження та правового захисту інвестиційних вкладень громадян.
Access to Secure Ballot Drop-off Locations in Texas
Authors: Karner Alex , Rowangould Dana
Published: May 2021

Safe access to voting during the Covid-19 pandemic was a concern across the US. In Texas, a push for mail-in voting during the November 2020 presidential election was significantly scaled back when the governor restricted each county to one secure ballot drop-off location. We evaluate the effect of this change, finding that it increased travel times to drop-off locations for drivers and public transit users by 18 and 32 minutes, respectively, in the most affected county. When evaluated across the state, the policy had a disproportionate effect on eligible Asian, Black, and Latinx voters.
Reconciliation & Indigenous Inclusion In Ontario's Wilderness: An Analysis of Recreational Space in Temagami - n'Daki Menan
Authors: Hintelmann Lara
Published: May 2021

The Temagami wilderness that we know today is the result of both a cultural and natural phenomenon; the result of a struggle over meaning, identity and land. This paper explores how histories and cultures are reflected in the physical and social landscape of recreational space in Ontario. The primary research question surrounds who has access to Temagami and whose voices are represented. The focus is largely on First Nations visibility and inclusion in Temagami, navigating land use tensions between recreational users, resource extraction, and the Teme-Augama Anishnabai. Merging discourse on wilderness as Canadian identity, settler colonialism, and decolonization, this paper explores the contested nature of the wilderness and identifies opportunities for coexistence and a shared future of mutual respect. This research will contribute to our understanding of cottage country - a unique Ontario identity - reflecting on how First Nations’ identity and values can be represented equally alongside settler society. The goal of this work is to contribute to the discussion on opportunities for decolonization of our wilderness landscapes.
The Mass Driver Project: A Preliminary Design of a Material Transfer System for Space Construction Projects Using Open Source Design Principles
Authors: Gerl Dean Anthony Marjan
Published: May 2021

This project attempts to adapt open source software development principles to the evaluation and design of a mass driver system capable of transporting construction material from the Earth's surface to orbit as a stream of inline, discrete material packages following one after another. The design process does not identify any "show stopper" physical effects. The final design of the system proposes using a novel launch rail concept to send a stream of 10 kg. material packages to a 10 000 km apogee altitude, where a rocket motor fires to place the material package into a highly elliptical orbit. A satellite, in a similar orbit, collects the material packages and distributes than to a space construction project. Further work is required to evaluate the aerodynamic issues related to the material package stream. Open source collaboration on the design did not occur; however seven potential collaborators were identified.
Greyfield redevelopment in the Greater Toronto area: strategies to overcome barriers
Authors: Greenfield James
Published: May 2021

In 2006, the introduction of the Places to Grow Act required municipalities to meet a 40% intensification target through infill development. This has transformed the development industry as many underutilized sites, such as Greyfields, are prime locations for mixed-use and densification. Although many developers have not harnessed the potential of Greyfield redevelopment as barriers exist, which has led to continued Greenfield development and urban sprawl. This paper, through a literature review, case study analysis, and key informant interviews, examines existing barriers to Greyfield redevelopment. Findings from the study were than applied to a Greyfield site that has immense opportunity for redevelopment. A preliminary site plan proposal and recommendations are presented to illustrate strategies that should be adopted to ensure successful redevelopment.
Planning Policies to Support the Role of Active Transportation in Building Complete Communities Within the Town of Innisfil
Authors: Pentikainen Paul
Published: May 2021

The past decade has been marked by a substantial shift in planning for more compact, complete and pedestrian-oriented communities. Amidst this broader evolution, greater emphasis is being increasingly placed on creating healthy and ‘complete communities’, particularly through the provision of enhanced ‘active transportation’ networks. The overall purpose of this Major Research Paper (MRP) will be to recommend Official Plan policies to more effectively support the role of ‘active transportation’ in creating more ‘complete communities’ in the Town of Innisfil, a rapidly growing municipality located approximately one hour north of the City of Toronto. The underlying argument of this MRP is that enhanced active transportation networks can play an integral role in building more sustainable, healthy and ‘complete’ communities within the Town of Innisfil, because of the substantial environmental, economic, and social benefits that they can provide. Furthermore, planning policies must encompass all elements of planning, designing, implementing and monitoring in order to support the achievement of enhanced active transportation networks.
Generating Change : Sustainable Adaptive Reuse of Urban Power Plants In-Depth Case Studies and Planning Implications for the Hearn, Toronto
Authors: Smith Julia
Published: May 2021

Cities across the western world are making the transition away from coal energy, and towards greener methods of power generation; as a result, abandoned power plants, including Toronto’s Richard L. Hearn Power Generation Station, are now features of many post-industrial urban landscapes. Largely out of use since 1983, the Hearn has seen a variety of redevelopment concepts over the last 30 years, but recent initiatives to revitalize Toronto’s Waterfront and industrial Port Lands have spurred renewed interest in the site. In order to provide direction for the Hearn’s impending redevelopment, indepth case studies of two adaptively-reused urban power plants, London’s Battersea Station and Austin’s Seaholm Plant, were performed via document analysis and key informant interviews. Salient themes, issues, and commonalities shared by all three cases were identified and explored, and used to formulate a series of seven development recommendations for the Hearn.
Markham's new urbanist paradigm : neoliberalism, gentrification and competitive governance
Authors: Keeble Ron
Published: May 2021

The rise of competitive governance through the ideology of neoliberalism has led to contemporary development projects that rely on capital accumulation to economically prosper. Given that a majority of current literature pertaining to competitive governance is fundamentally urban, this paper argues that this phenomenon is also occurring in suburban areas. Utilizing the Langstaff Gateway in the Town of Markham, Ontario as a case study, this paper outlines the ramifications of competitive governance as it relates to new urbanism and the recently coined term of new-build gentrification. An argument is made that the Langstaff Gateway represents the most contemporary new-urbanist development paradigm within the Greater Golden Horseshoe. Two major components frame this paper: the first elaborates upon neoliberalism through a critical geographical perspective, while the second provides pragmatic planning evidence of this phenomenon "on the ground" through the Langstaff Gateway. Findings suggest that, although inherently entrenched within municipal and metropolitan neoliberal governance frameworks, the Langstaff Gateway represents a progressively-planned paradigm toward suburban intensification in the Greater Golden Horseshoe.
Building Community: a Critical Appraisal of Toronto’s Tower Renewal Program
Authors: Filipovic Filip
Published: May 2021

High-rise housing is a global phenomenon. In Toronto, the sheer number of tower blocks and declining conditions within them has pointed to the importance of redeveloping high-rises in order to improve their current performative capacity and secure their use for future generations. In addition, improving the public realm and social infrastructure in these communities has emerged as an important component of the redevelopment approach. Looking at the City of Toronto’s Tower Renewal program, the paper critically evaluates its environmental, economic and social/cultural objectives using Tower Renewal documents, local case studies and relevant literature. Analysis of program specifics leads to a greater understanding of the potential and prospects, as well as areas for improvement in tower redevelopment programs, the roles and collaborative relationships between participating parties, and how placemaking processes are and can be pursued and accommodated in redevelopment programs.
Neighbourhood Resilience and Community Hubs in Ontario
Authors: Palumbo Danielle
Published: May 2021

This paper explores neighbourhood resilience in Ontario, and introduces recommendations for neighbourhoods interested in enhancing their resilience. Neighbourhoods are dynamic, complex, and experience variations of social, environmental and economic challenges. Resilience standards provide a lens that addresses the interconnected nature of these challenges. For the purpose of this paper, resilience focuses on a neighbourhood’s ability to proactively respond and adapt to changes, emphasizing local capacity building, and meeting the neighbourhood’s essential needs. The overall goal of neighbourhood resilience is to enhance well-being while experiencing stress, as well as after. Through a review of resilience-focused literature, projects and approaches, it is clear that neighbourhoods are continuously changing, and require a holistic, comprehensive approach that fosters civic engagement and community connections. Ontario’s Community Hub Strategic Framework and Action Plan, 2015 provides a foundation to support the flexible nature of community hubs in addressing neighbourhood resilience and meeting specific needs on a local-scale.
The place for immigrants in Toronto's transit and transportation city
Authors: Kaur Amardeep
Published: May 2021

This study conducted qualitative interviews with nine immigrants on their experiences of public transit in Toronto. It synthesizes and builds on existing data that indicate that immigrants, especially women, highly depend on public transit despite settling in the peripheries of Toronto, away from subway lines and close to major highways. I identify gaps in existing academic and policy debates on transportation planning in Toronto and propose an environmental justice framework that is grounded in immigrants`experiences of navigating public transit and their spatial locations. The research findings highlight the limited affordability of public transit, the poor servicing and connectivity of bus networks, and the resulting barriers to accessing work opportunities across the region. I further analyze the role of the built environment in limiting or facilitating access for gendered activities such as grocery shopping and traveling with children. The paper concludes by highlighting the need for new directions in transit policy and planning that can better address the changing demographics and social and spatial divisions in the city.
Linked Data Tools
Authors: Byrne Gillian , Goddard Lisa
Published: May 2021

Semantic Web technologies have immense potential to transform the Internet into a distributed reasoning machine that will not only execute extremely precise searches, but will also have the ability to analyze the data it finds to create new knowledge. This paper examines the state of Semantic Web (also known as Linked Data) tools and infrastructure to determine whether semantic technologies are sufficiently mature for non–expert use, and to identify some of the obstacles to global Linked Data implementation.
A case of ectrodactyly in a 2-year-old mixed breed dog
Authors: KARSLI Birkan , BAKICI Merve
Published: May 2021

Ectrodactyly is a rare anomaly seen in the appendicular skeleton and characterized by a cleft or split between bone and soft tissue in the distal regions of the extremities. Ectrodactyly may be associated with the absence and hypoplasia of several carpal-metacarpal bones, phalanx duplication, or metacarpal synostosis. In this case report, a 2-years-old mixed breed male dog was presented withhold up the left forelimb and inspectional abnormality with a cleft. In the radiographic images, it was observed that the fourth phalanx and the fourth distal carpal bone were absent in the related extremity, the cleft extended up to the carpal joint and there was an incongruity between the radius and ulna. The cleft between the metacarpal bones was stabilized using 2 lag screws and corticocancellous bone graft. The incongruity between the carpal joints was eliminated by pancarpal arthrodesis and ulna ostectomy was performed for the incongruity between radius and ulna. It has been observed that postoperative physical therapy exercises with correlated methods have positive long-term results in the related extremity.
Samsun ve çevresinde evcil hayvanlarda görülen zehirlenme vakalarının sistematik toksikolojik analiz prensipleri çerçevesinde değerlendirilmesi
Authors: TOKUR Orhan , MARANGOZ Özge , NUHOĞLU Zeyno , MUSHTAQ Saima , PEHLİVAN Aylin , YAVUZ Oğuzhan
Published: May 2021

Hayvanlarda zehirlenmeye neden olan ilaçlar, pestisitler, mikotoksinler gibi fizikokimyasal olarak farklı çok sayıda madde bulunmaktadır. Bu nedenle, zehirlenme şüpheli örneklerin toksikolojik analizleri zorlu ve karmaşık süreçtir. Zehirli maddelerin çeşitli örneklerde belirli bir protokol içerisinde taranması işlemi olan sistematik toksikolojik analiz (STA) ile bu karmaşa giderilmekte, doğru ve hızlı teşhis sağlanabilmektedir. STA protokolü, numunenin alınması, örnek hazırlama, ön ve ana tarama testleri, miktar tayini, verilerin değerlendirilmesi ve sonuçların raporlanması basamaklarını kapsamaktadır. Toksikoloji laboratuvarının hizmet verdiği bölgelerde sıklıkla meydana gelen zehirlenmeleri bilmesi ise STA protokolünü bir adım ileri taşımakta ve doğru teşhis oranını artırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Samsun ve çevresinde hayvanlarda meydana gelen zehirlenme vakalarının ve sıklıkla zehirlenmeye neden olan maddelerin belirlenmesi, böylece toksikoloji laboratuvarında kullanılan STA protokolünün geliştirilmesi amaçlandı. Bu amaçla Samsun ilinde görev yapan 40 veteriner hekime (38 erkek, 2 kadın), sıklıkla karşılaştıkları zehirlenme vakaları ile ilgili anket uygulaması gerçekleştirildi. Anket sonucunda Samsun ilinde hayvanlarda son beş yılda en fazla görülen zehirlenme nedenlerinin sırasıyla pestisitler, bitkisel zehirler ve ilaçlar olduğu belirlendi. Zehirlenme şüpheli vaka sayısı hayvan türlerine göre köpek (131), sığır (109), koyun (76), kedi (22), kanatlı hayvanlar (22) ve at (2) olarak tespit edildi. Katılımcıların % 65’inin (n=26) zehirlenme şüphesi ile son beş yıl içerisinde laboratuvara hiç numune göndermediği tespit edildi. Elde edilen veriler ve güncel literatürlerin incelenmesi neticesinde, STA’nın zehirlenme vakalarının doğru teşhis protokollerinin oluşturulmasında hızlı, güvenli ve etkili bir süreç olduğu sonucuna varıldı.
Kanatlılarda kontakt dermatit
Authors: ÇAPAR AKYÜZ Hilal , ONBAŞILAR E. Ebru
Published: May 2021

Kontakt dermatit, kanatlılarda yaygın görülen bir deri problemidir. Bu hastalık hayvan refahının belirlenmesinde önemli rol oynamaktadır. Üretici bakımından ise önemli ekonomik kayıplara yol açabilmektedir. Enfeksiyöz olmayan bu hastalık ayak tabanı (ayak tabanı yanığı), diz (diz yanığı) ve göğüsü (göğüs yanığı) etkilemektedir. Hastalığın ortaya çıkmasında; genotip, cinsiyet, canlı ağırlık, beslenme, bağırsak enfeksiyonları, altlık özellikleri ve kümes koşulları gibi pek çok faktör etkili olabilmektedir. Başlıca nedeni ise altlıktaki nem içeriğinin yüksek olmasıdır. Altlıktaki nem oranını etkileyen faktörler; altlığın türü, altlık derinliği, çevre sıcaklığı, havalandırma, nispi nem, suluk idaresi ve birim alandaki piliç yoğunluğu olarak sıralanabilmektedir. Genotip bu hastalığın ortaya çıkmasındaki diğer önemli faktördür. Hızlı büyüyen piliçlerde canlı ağırlık arttıkça yürüme yeteneğinde bozulmalar meydana gelmekte ve bu durum ayak tabanı ile diz yanık oranlarını artırmaktadır. Göğüs yanıkları ayrıca yüksek göğüs ağırlığı ve zayıf göğüs tüylenmesi ile ilişkilendirilebilmektedir. Kontakt dermatit etçi piliçlerde, hindilerde ve Pekin ördeklerinde tespit edilmiştir. Özellikle hindilerde görülme sıklığı etçi piliçlere göre daha fazla olmaktadır. Bununla birlikte altlıklı sistemde yetiştirilen yumurtacı tavuklar ile etçi piliç damızlıklarda da görülebilmektedir. Kontakt dermatitin önlenmesinde kümes içi koşullar ön plana çıkmaktadır. Refah kriterleri göz önüne alınarak yapılan kanatlı hayvan yetiştiriciliğinde, kontakt dermatit yaygınlığının azalacağı ön görülmektedir.
STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF FACTORS SLOWING DOWN THEIR STUDY PROGRESS: THE CASE OF UNIVERSITY OF LAPLAND
Authors: Määttä Kaarina , Uusiautti Satu
Published: May 2021

Fast graduation, smooth studies, and fluent study progress are the goals of today’s university education. How do students themselves perceive their study processes and what do they think about the factors hindering them from succeeding? The purpose of this research was to find out from the first-year-students of one Finnish university their experiences and opinions. The research investigated what the most difficult issues the students have faced during their first year of university studies have been and what factors have hindered their study progress according to their own perceptions. The students (N=186) answered to an internet-based open-ended questionnaire. The data were analysed in a qualitative data-based manner which resulted in seven most frequently mentioned hindrances in the questionnaire data. The main hindrances were deficiencies in study skills, difficulties in adjustment to academic studies, unclear directions in studies, difficulties in making study plans and scheduling, lack of guidance in studies and difficulties in finding help, lack of community, and overlapping courses and busy study periods. Based on the findings, it is possible to pay attention to the difficulties mentioned by students.
Key words: university education, study process, smooth studies, university teaching, study skills.
Study of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGS) Quality Education in Indonesia in the First Three Years
Authors: Rulandari Novianita
Published: May 2021

The aim of this study is to conduct research and analysis on Indonesia's progress toward the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Quality Education over the last three years (2015-2018). The aim of this study is to assess and comprehend Indonesia's progress toward achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for Quality Education since they were announced in 2015. In Indonesia, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and Education Quality thesis utilizes a qualitative research design. We conducted this research using a case study analysis based on the procedure, the data, and the triangulation of sources. We draw certain conclusions as a result of the study. To begin, in comparison to four years ago, at the time of the SDGs' initial ratification, Indonesia experienced better progress in terms of timeliness and participatory processes. But even so, the challenges faced by implementing the SDGs are not just about those two things. In terms of substance, the ambition of SDGs to eliminate the negation component of the development is a work that is almost close to utopia. Second, in terms of the process, the implementation of SDGs Quality Education at the national level still leaves homework such as accountability mechanisms, receipt of data from non-government parties, and the participation process itself. This should not be seen as a burden but rather a challenge that must be faced to improve performance for the acceleration of Indonesia's quality education national development until 2030. Third, the active role of the government is certainly the main capital for the implementation and achievement of SDGs quality education in Indonesia. Initiatives that come from various parties, including universities, bring optimism that the SDGs quality education will be implemented on inclusive and participatory principles. Fourth, a coalition of civil society organizations is needed to ensure that the SDGs' quality education is implemented in the context of Indonesia's growth, both at the national and regional levels. These social systems have the potential to pressure the Indonesian government to prepare for a variety of things, both procedurally and substantively.
Developing River Tourism in Palangka Raya Municipality Central Kalimantan Province
Authors: Dianawati Nenden
Published: May 2021

Developing River Tourism in Palangka Raya Municipality Central Kalimantan Province. Currently river tourism is increasingly developing in various regions in Indonesia aside from maritime. Kalimantan Island as the largest island in Indonesia possess abundant potential including the river and it trigger the Regional Government, especially Palangka Raya Municipality in drafting Regional Regulations on Tourism Strategic Areas (KSP). This guideline however, has not fully functionate as their reference in developing tourism destinations in the Capital City of Central Kalimantan Province. This research aiming to provide practical guidance in developing a tourism destinations in KSP 2 Tumbang Tahai which is the focus of the main river tourism activities, with education and conservation as development theme. Qualitative research methods are conducted to identify the potentials by applying previous research approaches that exert parameters of river tourism resources, tourist activities, quality of riverbanks, as well as facilities and infrastructure. The results of the study revealed the availability of the four parameters in preparing recommendations on physical aspects development including zoning layout. In the future, this research is best continued by reviewing non-physical aspects in sharpening analysis and reconcile recommendations, so that the Regional Government has a set of tools in establishing work plans to improve the quality of river tourism in Palangka Raya, becoming Indonesia's leading tourism icon.