bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) as a natural coagulant for water treatment
Authors: Kingue Beryl , Njila Roger , Ndongo Barthelemy
Published: August 2023

Natural coagulants can be an alternative solution to minimise the environmental pollution and health risks caused by the use of chemical coagulants. The main objective of this research was to evaluate the performance of groundnut extract for turbidity removal from water. For this, the active coagulant agents were extracted from the deshelled nuts and used in a series of water treatment tests performed at low, medium, and high turbidity levels using synthetic turbid water. The groundnut extract showed good coagulative abilities, close to those of Al2(SO4)3. The best performance was obtained at medium turbidity (150 NTU), where the extract removed 89% of the turbidity using a 500 mg/L dosage. However, it was not as efficient as Al2(SO4)3, whose coagulation was better at every turbidity level. The use of the groundnut extract does not modify the water's pH significantly and the floc size decreases as turbidity increases, although they are bigger than those produced by Al2(SO4)3. Its flocculation and sedimentation processes are also quick (each less than 10 min) and quicker than those with Al2(SO4)3. Hence, the groundnut extract is a viable alternative to chemical coagulants.
Precipitation prediction based on CEEMDAN–VMD–BILSTM combined quadratic decomposition model
Authors: Zhang Xianqi , Shi Jingwen , Chen Haiyang , Xiao Yimeng , Zhang Minghui
Published: August 2023

Accurate prediction of monthly precipitation is crucial for effective regional water resources management and utilization. However, precipitation series are influenced by multiple factors, exhibiting significant ambiguity, chance, and uncertainty. In this research, we propose a combined model that integrates adaptive noise-complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition (CEEMDAN), variational modal decomposition method (VMD), and bidirectional long- and short-term memory (BILSTM) to enhance precipitation prediction. We apply this model to forecast precipitation in Fuzhou City and compare its performance with existing models, including CEEMD–long and short-term memory (LSTM), CEEMD–BILSTM, and CEEMDAN–BILSTM. Our findings demonstrate that the combined CEEMDAN–VMD–BILSTM quadratic decomposition model yields more accurate predictions and captures the real variation in precipitation series with greater fidelity. The model achieves an average relative error of 1.69%, at a lower level, and an average absolute error of 1.32 m, with a Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient of 0.92. Overall, the proposed quadratic decomposition model exhibits excellent applicability, stability, and superior predictive capabilities in monthly precipitation forecasting.
TiO2/SO42- Solid Superacid: A Rapid, Solventless, Recoverable Nanocatalyst for
Eco-Friendly Synthesis of Piperidin-4-one Oximes
Authors: Nivetha Narayanasamy , Thangamani Arumugam , Raja Pandian Bothi
Published: August 2023

:

A potent, eco-friendly approach for converting 2,6-arylpiperidin-4-ones into their
corresponding oximes in the presence of hydroxylamine hydrochloride and catalysed by nanosize
sulfated titania (TiO2/SO4
2-) solid superacid was developed. Sol-gel method was employed
to synthesize the catalyst and confirmed standard characterization techniques viz., by
FT-IR, XRD, TEM, SEM, and EDS analysis. After adding 0.05 g of catalyst, the reaction was
carried out under stirring in an oil bath at 130oC for 3-7 min under solvent-free conditions.
This approach has advantages like catalyst recyclability, high yields, shorter reaction time, and
simple work-up. Additionally, the catalyst TiO2/SO4
2- exhibited good stability, recoverability,
and reusability for five consecutive runs without tremendous loss in its catalytic activity. The
compounds 3a-o were characterised by IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectral analysis. The coupling
constant values in NMR results suggested that the compounds 3a-o exhibit chair conformation with equatorial orientations
with all the substituents. This is in agreement with the X-ray crystallography of 3c, confirming that the
chair conformation of =N-OH group is syn to C-5 and anti to benzyl group at C-3 and hence if forms more stable
(E)-configuration of the oxime 3c.
Bile Acids as Signaling Molecules: Role of Ursodeoxycholic Acid in
Cholestatic Liver Disease
Authors: Cifuentes-Silva Eduardo , Cabello-Verrugio Claudio
Published: August 2023

Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is a natural substance physiologically produced in the liver.
Initially used to dissolve gallstones, it is now successfully used in treating primary biliary cirrhosis
and as adjuvant therapy for various hepatobiliary cholestatic diseases. However, the mechanisms
underlying its beneficial effects still need to be clarified. Evidence suggests three mechanisms
of action for UDCA that could benefit humans with cholestatic liver disease (CLD): protection
of cholangiocytes against hydrophobic bile acid (BA) cytotoxicity, stimulation of hepatobiliary
excretion, and protection of hepatocytes against BA-induced apoptosis. These mechanisms
may act individually or together to potentiate them. At the molecular level, it has been observed
that UDCA can generate modifications in the transcription and translation of proteins essential in
the transport of BA, correcting the deficit in BA secretion in CLD, in addition to activating signaling
pathways to translocate these transporters to the sites where they should fulfill their function. Inhibition
of BA-induced hepatocyte apoptosis may play a role in CLD, characterized by BA retention
in the hepatocyte. Thus, different mechanisms of action contribute to the improvement after
UDCA administration in CLD. On the other hand, the effects of UDCA on tissues that possess receptors
that may interact with BAs in pathological contexts, such as skeletal muscle, are still unclear.
This work aims to describe the main molecular mechanisms by which UDCA acts in the human
body, emphasizing the interaction in tissues other than the liver.
Physicochemical Stimulus-Responsive Systems Targeted with
Antibody Derivatives
Authors: Mohammadi Rezvan , Ghani Sepideh , Arezumand Roghaye , Farhadi Shohreh , Khazaee-poul Yalda , Kazemi Bahram , Yarian Fatemeh , Noruzi Somaye , Alibakhshi Abbas , Jalili Mahsa , Aghamiri Shahin
Published: August 2023

:

The application of monoclonal antibodies and antibody fragments with the
advent of recombinant antibody technology has made notable progress in clinical trials
to provide a regulated drug release and extra targeting to the special conditions in the
function site. Modification of antibodies has facilitated using mAbs and antibody
fragments in numerous models of therapeutic and detection utilizations, such as stimuliresponsive
systems. Antibodies and antibody derivatives conjugated with diverse stimuliresponsive
materials have been constructed for drug delivery in response to a wide
range of endogenous (electric, magnetic, light, radiation, ultrasound) and exogenous
(temperature, pH, redox potential, enzymes) stimuli. In this report, we highlighted the
recent progress on antibody-conjugated stimuli-responsive and dual/multi-responsive
systems that affect modern medicine by improving a multitude of diagnostic and
treatment strategies.
A Novel Nucleic Acid Sensing-related Genes Signature for Predicting
Immunotherapy Efficacy and Prognosis of Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Peng Xinhao , Wu Hong , Zhang Biqin , Xu Chuan , Lang Jinyi
Published: August 2023

Background:

As a novel pillar for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) treatment, immunotherapy
has limited efficiency in LUAD patients. The nucleic acid sensing (NAS) pathways
are critical in the anti-tumor immune response, but their role in LUAD remains controversial

Objective:

The study aims to develop a classification system to identify immune subtypes of LUAD
based on nucleic acid sensing-related genes so that it can help screen patients who may respond
to immunotherapy.

Methods:

We performed a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of the NAS molecule expression
profiles across multiple public datasets. Using qRT-PCR to verify the NAS genes in multiple lung
cancer cell lines. Molecular docking was performed to screen drug candidates.

Results:

The NAS-activated subgroup and NAS-suppressed subgroup were validated based on the
different patterns of gene expression and pathways enrichment. The NAS-activated subgroup displayed
a stronger immune infiltration and better prognosis of patients. Moreover, we constructed a
seven nucleic acid sensing-related risk score (NASRS) model for the convenience of clinical application.
The predictive values of NASRS in prognosis and immunotherapy were subsequently fully
validated in the lung adenocarcinoma dataset and the uroepithelial carcinoma dataset. Additionally,
five potential drugs binding to the core target of the NAS signature were predicted through molecular
docking.

Conclusion:

We found a significant correlation between nucleic acid sensing function and the immune
treatment efficiency in LUAD. The NASRS can be used as a robust biomarker for the predicting
of prognosis and immunotherapy efficiency and may help in clinical decisions for LUAD patients.
A Saffron-based Polyherbal Formulation DuK Prevents Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Gupta Meenakshi , Nimesh Hemlata , Bilgrami Anwar L. , Sarwat Maryam
Published: August 2023

Background:

Duk is a well-established traditional drug that has been used since time immemorial
by Indian practitioners to cure various human ailments.

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to explore the anti-cancer activity and the possible mechanism
of Duk against diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-initiated hepatocarcinogenesis.

Methods:

We administered Duk at 3 doses, viz., 75, 150, and 300 mg/kg/day, 2 weeks before the
DEN and continued it for 16 weeks. After 1 week of DEN recovery, 2-aminoacetylflourine (2-
AAF) was administered to promote hepatocarcinogenesis.

Results:

We found that Duk significantly reduced the DEN and 2-AAF induced phenotypical
changes in rats and restored the levels of liver function markers. Furthermore, Duk counteracted
the oxidative stress induced by carcinogens as observed by restoration in the levels of superoxide
dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Duk significantly diminished the levels of malondialdehyde
(MDA) in a dose dependent manner and restored the liver microarchitecture as assessed by histopathological
studies. The results of immunohistochemical staining showed that Duk inhibited the
DEN-induced decrease in the number of cells positive for Bid and Caspase-9. It also reduces the
number of cells positive for Cyclin D.

Conclusion:

Duk significantly protects rat liver from hepatocarcinogenesis by regulating oxidative
damage and restoring liver function markers. The chemopreventive effect of Duk might be through
the induction of apoptosis.
Stress, Environment and Early Psychosis
Authors: Xenaki Lida-Alkisti , Dimitrakopoulos Stefanos , Selakovic Mirjana , Stefanis Nikos
Published: August 2023

Existing literature provides extended evidence of the close relationship between stress
dysregulation, environmental insults, and psychosis onset. Early stress can sensitize genetically vulnerable
individuals to future stress, modifying their risk for developing psychotic phenomena. Neurobiological
substrate of the aberrant stress response to hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysregulation,
disrupted inflammation processes, oxidative stress increase, gut dysbiosis, and altered brain signaling,
provides mechanistic links between environmental risk factors and the development of psychotic
symptoms. Early-life and later-life exposures may act directly, accumulatively, and repeatedly
during critical neurodevelopmental time windows. Environmental hazards, such as pre- and perinatal
complications, traumatic experiences, psychosocial stressors, and cannabis use might negatively intervene
with brain developmental trajectories and disturb the balance of important stress systems, which
act together with recent life events to push the individual over the threshold for the manifestation of
psychosis. The current review presents the dynamic and complex relationship between stress, environment,
and psychosis onset, attempting to provide an insight into potentially modifiable factors, enhancing
resilience and possibly influencing individual psychosis liability.
Priapism due to penile abscess diagnosed by ultrasonography: a case report
Authors: Luo Liyun , Xia QingQing , Yuan XinChun , Liu Ga , Duan Dunzhu
Published: August 2023

Background:

Priapism is an acute medical condition requiring immediate evaluation, and depending on etiology, and potentially, the need for emergency management. Among them, priapism caused by penile abscesses is relatively rare.

Case Presentation:

In this case report, we report a case of priapism caused by a penile abscess found by ultrasonography, with rigidity and pain in the corpus cavernosum, but no penile deviation. The patient was treated with an abscess incision and drainage.

Conclusion:

Ultrasonography plays an important role in the diagnosis of penile abscess formation, and once the diagnosis is made, early treatment should be given to improve the adverse outcomes.
Design, QSAR Methodology, Synthesis and Assessment of Some Structurally Different Xanthone Derivatives as Selective Cox-2 Inhibitors
for their Anti-inflammatory Properties
Authors: Saikia Riya , Pathak Kalyani , Das Aparoop , Tayeng Dubom , Ahmad Mohammad Zaki , Das Jyotirmoy , Bordoloi Smita , Pathak Manash Pratim
Published: August 2023

Introduction:

Inflammation can be defined as a complex biological response that is produced
by body tissues to harmful agents like pathogens, irritants, and damaged cells and thereby acts
as a protective response incorporating immune cells, blood vessels, and molecular mediators. Histamine,
serotonin, bradykinin, leukotrienes (LTB4), prostaglandins (PGE2), prostacyclins, reactive
oxygen species, proinflammatory cytokines like IL-1, IL-11, TNF- anti-inflammatory cytokines like
IL-4, IL-10, IL-11, IL-6 and IL-13, etc. all have different effects on both pro and anti-inflammatory
mediators. Incorporation of combinatorial chemistry and computational studies have helped the researchers
to design xanthones moieties with high selectivity that can serve as a lead compound and
help develop potential compounds that can act as effective COX-2 inhibitors. The study aims to design
and develop different series of substituted hydroxyxanthone derivatives with anti-inflammatory
potential.

Methods:

The partially purified synthetic xanthone derivatives were orally administered to the carrageenan
induced paw oedemic rat models at the dose of 100 mg/kg, and their effect in controlling the
degree of inflammation was measured at the time interval of 30 min, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 hrs. respectively.
Further, these compounds were also subjected to modern analytical studies like UV, IR, NMR and
mass spectrometry or their characterization.

Results:

The results drawn out of the in silico, in vitro, in vivo and analytical studies concluded that
the hydroxyxanthone derivatives can obstruct the enzyme COX-2 and produce anti-inflammatory
action potentially.

Conclusion:

With the aim to evaluate the compounds for their anti-inflammatory activity, it was
observed that the newly designed xanthonic compounds also possess a safe toxicity margin and
hence can be utilized by the researchers to develop hybrid xanthonic moieties that can specifically
target the enzyme COX-2.
Advancing Glioblastoma Therapy: Promising Research in Precision
Medicine
Authors: Kalayil Nisha V. , Paul Pallavi P. , Khan Showkhiya Y. , D'Souza Shona S.
Published: August 2023

The goal of precision medicine is to create treatments for a single person or group of people based on information about their physical condition in the present and the past as well as their exposure to the environment. Precision medicine is now having an impact on how people are treated for their health at different periods of their lives through a variety of applications. Applica-tions of precision medicine can help prevent death, alert patients regarding genetic risks, lower medical expenses, and enhance the quality of life. To determine the risk that a child may inherit an illness, genetic testing is performed before conception. The most severe type of brain cancer is glio-blastoma (GBM), commonly referred to as grade IV astrocytoma. Although they can penetrate the brain, GBMs normally do not spread to other organs. One effective kind of treatment for glioblastoma is precision medicine, which is currently being developed. Numerous improvements in diagnosis and therapy have resulted in the healing of many patients without having an impact on their way of life. In terms of diagnosis and treatment, this article compares and contrasts precision tech-nology and traditional therapy. Stem cell treatment, immunotherapy, and combination therapy are all extensively described.
Janus Dendrimers as Nanocarriers of Ibuprofen, Chlorambucil and their
Anticancer Activity
Authors: Pedro-Hernández Luis Daniel , Barajas-Mendoza Israel , Castillo-Rodríguez Irving Osiel , Klimova Elena , Ramírez-Ápan Teresa , Martínez-García Marcos
Published: August 2023

Background:

Janus Dendrimer represents a novel class of synthetic nanocarriers. Since it is
possible to introduce multiple drugs and target moieties, this helps the designing of new biocompatible
forms with pharmacological activities comprised of different drugs with tailor-made functionalities,
such as anticancer and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory, which could improve the anticancer activity with
less toxicity.

Aims:

This study aimed to determine the anticancer activity of the Janus dendrimers formed by two
dendrons. One dendron conjugates with chlorambucil, and the other dendron conjugates with Ibuprofen.

Methods:

The cytotoxicity of the drug carriers was determined by the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay
for three cell lines. PC-3 (human prostatic adenocarcinoma), HCT-15 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma),
MFC-7 (human breast cancer) and the COS-7 African green monkey kidney (used as a control)
cell lines were seeded into 96-well plates at a density of 5x103 cells/well and cultured for 24 h before
use. All the obtained compounds were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR one and two dimensions, UVvis,
FTIR, MALDI-TOF, Electrospray mass, and FAB+. Microscopic images were taken in an Inverted
microscope Nikon, Diaphot 300, 10x4 in culture medium.

Results:

Janus dendrimers (G1 and G2) were synthesized via an azide-alkyne click-chemistry reaction
attaching on one face dendrons with ibuprofen molecules and, on the other face, attached a chlorambucil-
derivative. The IC50 behavior of the conjugates of the first and second generations showed anticancer
activity against PC-3, HCT-15, and MFC-7 cell lines. The second generation was more active against
PC-3, HCT-15 and MFC-7 with IC50 of 3.8±0.5, 3.0±0.2 and 3.7 ± 1.1 mM, respectively

Conclusion:

The new Janus dendrimers with anticancer chlorambucil and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory
Ibuprofen can improve the anticancer activity of chlorambucil with less toxicity.

Future Prospects:

Now, we are working on the synthesis of new Janus dendrimers using the most effective
and fine methods. Moreover, we hope that we shall be able to obtain different generations that
are more selective against cancer cells.
Nano-cosmetics and Nano-medicines
Authors: Kaur Balwinder , Chand Subhash , Kumar Rajesh
Published: August 2023

In today’s fast-moving scenario, nanotechnology has already spread its wings to nanocosmetics and nanomedicines due to the wide range of physical and chemical properties associated with nanoparticles. Different types of nanoparticles, like nanoliposomes, fullerenes, solid lipid nanoparticles etc., have made their entrance into the nanocosmetic industry. However, the safety concern of nanoparticles has forced the cosmetic industry to limit their applications. The pharmaceutical industry has explored the benefits of nanotechnology; it has developed dendrimers, micelles, drug conjugates, metallic nanoparticles etc. The brief explanation of these nanoparticles provides a salient glimpse of why they are used in nano pharmaceutical and medicinal chemistry. • Metallic nanoparticles: Used for drug delivery, cancer treatment, and also in biosensors. • Nano-liposomes: Bio-compatible and possess entrapment efficiency. • Nano-emulsions: Used for controlled delivery of bioactive materials. 
Graphene Nanoribbons and Doped Graphene
Authors: Nancy  , Rani Babita
Published: August 2023

Graphene has been an interesting material for scientists and engineers by
virtue of its remarkable properties. It has unique electronic properties with zero
bandgap at the Dirac point. The absence of bandgap in graphene limits its application
in electronics. The formation of graphene nanoribbons and substitutional doping of
graphene are the methods to manipulate the geometric and hence electronic structure of
graphene. Starting from the geometric and electronic properties of graphene, this
chapter involves a discussion on the geometric and electronic structure of graphene
nanoribbons and substitutionally doped graphene systems based on first principles
studies.
Institute library and more: the Library of the Ruhr
Authors: Winkler Christian
Published: August 2023

The Ruhr Foundation was established 25 years ago as a public-private partnership by bringing together three libraries and an archive. The foundation's purpose then, as well as now, is to document the history and present of the Ruhr region and to preserve and make its historical library holdings available to the public.
Book Review: The Creation of National Identities, Europe, 18th-20th Centuries
Authors: Swerts Kas
Published: August 2023

Book review of Anne-Marie Thiesse, The Creation of National Identities, Europe, 18th-20th Centuries
Using the P-O Fit Theory to Examine Work Attitudes of Employees in Shanghai, China
Authors: Wang Zhe , Subramaniam Geetha , Selvam M
Published: August 2023

This study investigates factors which transform work attitudes among Chinese employees. Using purposive sampling, a survey questionnaire was distributed to employees in Shanghai, where 479 were usable. Firstly, the study examines the relationship between demographic factors and employees' work attitudes. Secondly, the Person-Organisation Fit theory is used to examine the relationship between generational differences, personality traits, organisational culture and work attitudes. PLS-SEM results show that all three factors are positively related to work attitudes. This study is unique as it uses the P-O fit theory to understand work attitudes, which is essential for employees' well-being and quality of life.
Scoping Review on the Benefits of Reciting, Listening and Memorising the Quran
Authors: Hasim Ruziaton , Samaeng Abdulkarim , Dahlan Akehsan , Samaeng Ruhana
Published: August 2023

This scoping review examines the benefits of Quranic engagement, encompassing recitation, listening, and memorisation. From a pool of 1,739 articles, 21 relevant studies were analysed. Recitation of the Quran provides solace and inner peace while listening to it reduces stress and promotes overall well-being. Memorisation enhances cognitive abilities and fosters a deeper understanding of Islamic principles. Quranic engagement also yields social benefits by preserving heritage and fostering Muslim unity. These practices contribute to holistic well-being, personal growth, and community cohesion. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and explore how Quranic engagement facilitates these benefits.
Comparative Study on Task-Based Teaching and Learning: A Scientometric Analysis in CiteSpace
Authors: Jia Shijiao , Bava Harji Madhubala , Lu Zhaoxia
Published: August 2023

This study conducted a scientometric analysis using CiteSapce based on literature from the Web of Science (WoS) core collection and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) between 2013 and 2022. The primary objective is to comparatively explore the current status, themes, and emerging trends in task-based teaching and learning to understand this field comprehensively. The results provided insights for researchers to explore more in this field.
Ergonomic Intervention Practice at the Workplace in Asian boundary: A systematic review
Authors: Mohamed Thari Mohamad Amirul Nizam , Mohd Hassan Naffisah , Abdullah Mohd Zulkifli , Abdul Razak Hairil Rashmizal
Published: August 2023

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) are considered occupational diseases that can cause extreme discomfort and impairment. Due to the high prevalence of WRMSDs in Asia, ergonomic intervention has become particularly important and received growing interest among scholars. This review aims to classify ergonomic intervention practices for better musculoskeletal health at workplaces in Asian countries. PRISMA was chosen to review 22 recently published ergonomic intervention studies obtained from the Scopus and WoS databases. The findings revealed three main approaches for ergonomic intervention: application of devices or tools (seven articles), administrative approach (seven articles), and a combination of both (eight articles).
Virtual Reality (VR) Simulation for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Patient Preparation
Authors: Abd Gani Mohammad Fadhlul Hadi , Hammajulde Deh Kawu , Leong Sook Sam , Mohamad Yamin Lyana Shahirah
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) simulation as a patient preparation method for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) examinations. A total of 138 participants were divided into VR and non-VR groups. The study found that anxiety levels were significantly different between the VR group before and during MRI exams (p<.001), but there was no significant difference in the non-VR group (p=.138). Noise, space, and strapping were moderately correlated with anxiety levels. The study suggests that VR could be an accessible pre-medical procedure option, improving patient experience, future treatment planning, and reducing costs associated with premature MRI exams.
Chinese EFL Students’ Learning Needs for Speaking Performance: A Case Study
Authors: Fu Ziqi  , Gurnam Kaur Sidhu  , Li Cong  , Wang Rui
Published: August 2023

Despite the importance of speaking skills, most Chinese graduates leave universities unable to communicate effectively in English. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the differences between EFL students' perceived and actual speaking performance and to understand their learning needs better. The study involved 45 EFL learners and utilized a mixed-methods research design. Data were collected via a questionnaire, a speaking test, and semi-structured interviews. The findings revealed that EFL students overestimated their speaking performance, implying they were unaware of their limitations. Hence EFL instructors need to provide better guidance to enhance their speaking skills.
Occupational Stress and coping Strategies among Radiographers
Authors: Che Abdullah Nurul Atikah , Supar Rafidah , Sharip Hairenanorashikin , Mukhtar Ammani Yusra
Published: August 2023

Radiographer’s ability to execute their jobs well and provide high-quality care to patients may be impacted by stress. Effective interventions to lessen the effects of occupational stress can only be adopted if the stressors and coping mechanisms have been identified. The study aimed to investigate the occupational stress and coping strategies adopted by radiographers in a university teaching hospital. A cross-sectional survey using a five-point Likert scale questionnaire was administered to the respondents. Majority of the radiographers admitted to feeling moderately stressed (73%). Physical exercises and engaging in other activities to divert attention were frequently used to reduce stress.
Radiographers’ Acceptance on the Integration of Artificial Intelligence into Medical Imaging Practice
Authors: Sharip Hairenanorashikin , Che Zakaria Wan Farah Wahida , Leong Sook Sam , Ali Masoud Maida , Mohd Junaidi Mohamad Zafran Hakim
Published: August 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI) integration in medical imaging is a promising field for enhancing patient care, performance, and efficiency. Radiographers, on the other hand, are concerned about AI's acceptance and potential to replace them. This study assessed radiographers' acceptance of AI integration by considering their knowledge, attitudes, and job security. Based on demographic characteristics, there were no significant differences in knowledge, attitude, or job security level. Completing AI training, on the other hand, had a considerable influence.  Overall, radiographers have a good level of knowledge and are enthusiastic about using AI tools into their regular activities.
Architectural Design of a Blockchain-Enabled, Federated Learning Platform for Algorithmic Fairness in Predictive Health Care: Design Science Study
Authors: Liang Xueping , Zhao Juan , Chen Yan , Bandara Eranga , Shetty Sachin
Published: August 2023

Background

Developing effective and generalizable predictive models is critical for disease prediction and clinical decision-making, often requiring diverse samples to mitigate population bias and address algorithmic fairness. However, a major challenge is to retrieve learning models across multiple institutions without bringing in local biases and inequity, while preserving individual patients’ privacy at each site.

Objective

This study aims to understand the issues of bias and fairness in the machine learning process used in the predictive health care domain. We proposed a software architecture that integrates federated learning and blockchain to improve fairness, while maintaining acceptable prediction accuracy and minimizing overhead costs.

Methods

We improved existing federated learning platforms by integrating blockchain through an iterative design approach. We used the design science research method, which involves 2 design cycles (federated learning for bias mitigation and decentralized architecture). The design involves a bias-mitigation process within the blockchain-empowered federated learning framework based on a novel architecture. Under this architecture, multiple medical institutions can jointly train predictive models using their privacy-protected data effectively and efficiently and ultimately achieve fairness in decision-making in the health care domain.

Results

We designed and implemented our solution using the Aplos smart contract, microservices, Rahasak blockchain, and Apache Cassandra–based distributed storage. By conducting 20,000 local model training iterations and 1000 federated model training iterations across 5 simulated medical centers as peers in the Rahasak blockchain network, we demonstrated how our solution with an improved fairness mechanism can enhance the accuracy of predictive diagnosis.

Conclusions

Our study identified the technical challenges of prediction biases faced by existing predictive models in the health care domain. To overcome these challenges, we presented an innovative design solution using federated learning and blockchain, along with the adoption of a unique distributed architecture for a fairness-aware system. We have illustrated how this design can address privacy, security, prediction accuracy, and scalability challenges, ultimately improving fairness and equity in the predictive health care domain.
Virtual Reality Technology in Nursing Professional Skills Training: Bibliometric Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Hong Chengang , Wang Liping
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

Nursing professional skills training has undergone significant transformation due to the exponential growth of computer and medical technology. The innovative use of virtual reality (VR) in nursing education has emerged as a cutting-edge technical support technique that has gained attention as a highly effective method for improving nurse training quality.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to review the current status of VR technology in nursing professional skills training, research hotspots, and emerging trends in the last 15 years.

METHODS

The Web of Science Core Collection database was used to search for literature on VR technology in nursing professional skills training covering the period from 2006 to 2022. Biblioshiny (K-Synth Srl) was used to import and convert the records to Bibliometrix (K-Synth Srl) for analysis, and R (R Core Team) was used for descriptive bibliometric analysis. VOSviewer (Leiden University) was used to cluster co-occurring keywords, and Scimago Graphica (version 1.0.16; Scimago Lab) was used to generate a geographical visualization of published countries and regions.

RESULTS

A total of 1073 papers were analyzed, indicating a surge in research on the application of VR in nursing professional skills training in recent years, as evidenced by a positive trend in annual publication of relevant literature. The majority of studies were from the United States (n=340) and Canada (n=107), and Margaret Verkuyl was the most prolific author, leading the way with 9 publications. Furthermore, “Computerized Virtual Patients in Health Professions Education: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis” was the most frequently cited reference. Keywords such as education, simulation, skills, students, and care were most commonly used by researchers.

CONCLUSIONS

The bibliometric analysis provides a comprehensive overview of the use of VR in nursing professional skills training, indicating that VR-based training is an effective means of improving the skills and competencies of nursing students and professionals alike. The COVID-19 pandemic has reinforced the importance of developing VR-based distance education, despite challenges such as integrating virtual and real-world training and mitigating safety risks.
Exploring the Relationship Between Instagram Use and Self-Criticism, Self-Compassion, and Body Dissatisfaction in the Spanish Population: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Varaona Andrea , Alvarez-Mon Miguel Angel , Serrano-Garcia Irene , Díaz-Marsá Marina , Looi Jeffrey C L , Molina-Ruiz Rosa M
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

The widespread use of online social networks, particularly among the younger demographic, has catalyzed a growing interest in exploring their influence on users’ psychological well-being. Instagram (Meta), a visually oriented platform, has garnered significant attention. Prior research has consistently indicated that Instagram usage correlates with heightened levels of perfectionism, body dissatisfaction, and diminished self-esteem. Perfectionism is closely linked to self-criticism, which entails an intense self-scrutiny and is often associated with various psychopathologies. Conversely, self-compassion has been linked to reduced levels of perfectionism and stress, while fostering greater positive affect and overall life satisfaction.

OBJECTIVE

This study investigates the relationship between Instagram usage (time of use and content exposure) and users’ levels of self-compassion, self-criticism, and body dissatisfaction.

METHODS

This study comprised 1051 adult participants aged between 18 and 50 years, either native to Spain or residing in the country for at least a decade. Each participant completed a tailored questionnaire on Instagram usage, along with abbreviated versions of the Self-Compassion Scale, the Body Shape Questionnaire, and the Depressive Experiences Questionnaire, spanning from January 23 to February 25, 2022.

RESULTS

A positive correlation was observed between daily Instagram usage and self-criticism scores. Participants of all age groups who spent over 3 hours per day on Instagram exhibited higher self-criticism scores than users who spent less than 1 hour or between 1 and 3 hours per day. Contrary to previous findings, no significant relationship was detected between Instagram usage time and levels of self-compassion or body dissatisfaction. Furthermore, content centered around physical appearance exhibited a positive correlation with self-criticism and body dissatisfaction scores. Among younger participants (aged 18-35 years), those who primarily viewed beauty or fashion content reported higher self-criticism scores than those consuming science-related content. However, this association was not significant for participants aged 35-50 years. Conversely, individuals who predominantly engaged with sports or fitness or family or friends content exhibited higher levels of body dissatisfaction than those focusing on science-related content. No significant associations were observed between self-compassion scores and daily Instagram usage or most-viewed content categories.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings of this study underscore the considerable impact of Instagram usage on self-criticism and body dissatisfaction—2 variables known to influence users’ psychological well-being and be associated with various symptoms and psychological disorders.

CLINICALTRIAL
PolyU Wellfit: A Play-to-Earn Fitness App to Promote Physical Activity during COVID-19 (Preprint)
Authors: Chen Peter Q. , Cher Max C.H. , QIN Ning , Ng Peter H.F.
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

Over the past few years, the behaviour of university students towards physical activity has been impacted significantly by the COVID-19 pandemic, leading to decreased levels of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). This decline has been accompanied by increased anxiety levels and weight gain, which may deter individuals from resuming exercise routines. Traditional commercial fitness apps present barriers like fees, which may deter university students from using them.

OBJECTIVE

In response, we developed a mobile app named “PolyU Wellfit” in Feb 2022, which incorporates the concept of "Gamification" and the emerging "Play-to-Earn" (P2E) model, which rewards users with tangible benefits, aiming to engage and motivate them to sustain physical activity.

METHODS

We incorporate the concept of "Gamification" and the emerging "Play-to-Earn" (P2E) model, which rewards users with tangible benefits, aiming to engage and motivate them to sustain physical activity, into the app design. We also conduct a quantitative study utilizing questionnaires to collect user feedbacks towards feasibility study. The in-app user activity logs are also collected for exploratory analysis.

RESULTS

We collected 55 students’ feedback by questionnaire. Around 87% of users agree that the app is easy to use, and 80% of users found that the PolyU Wellfit app helped them improve their physical health. More than 74% of users thought that the gifts were attractive. 83.6% of users were satisfied with the PolyU Wellfit app.

CONCLUSIONS

The "PolyU Wellfit" app, tailored to meet university students' unique needs and motivations, presents a feasible solution to address the decline in physical activity observed in this demographic. Its integration of gamification and the "Play-to-Earn" model, coupled with customised exercise experiences, aligns with student preferences and behaviours, making it a viable tool to promote consistent physical activity among university attendees.
The COVID-19: Socioeconomic Crisis and Its Management on a Bangladeshi Coastal Island
Authors: Siddik Md. Abubakkor , Rahman Md. Ashiqur
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to investigate the socio-economic crisis aroused due to the COVID-19 pandemic and associated prevention measures on the coastal riverine island Nalua in Bangladesh. The cross-sectional household questionnaire survey was done among the randomly selected households in the study area. This study revealed that more than 70 percent of the surveyed households had at least one member with COVID-19 symptoms. The local administration and community-based organizations have taken initiatives to enforce the government’s order on the island, but about three-fourths of households did not test their family members having COVID-19 symptoms because of fear of isolation and societal barriers. However, whether tested or not, approximately 15 percent of households took steps to isolate the infected person from the rest of the family. The demand for hand washing agents, face masks, and gloves increased in the study area. Island dwellers' food supplies were hampered and about 74 percent were supposed to buy food items at an increased price. For recovering from the educational crisis, the students watched live television classes, participated in online class lectures, and submitted their desired assignments to their institutions. According to survey results, about 39 percent of economically active family members lost their income-generating occupations. To manage their livelihoods, island dwellers have switched their income sources and, in most cases, taken consumer loans. This study suggests that governments, non-government organizations, and community-based organizations need to take effective steps to reduce socioeconomic crises during pandemics.
Evaluasi Pertumbuhan Uji Provenans Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake Umur 20 Tahun di Lad Krating, Chachoengsao, Thailand)
Authors: Hendraswari Indi , Bhumibhamon Suree
Published: August 2023

Evaluation of Provenance Trial of Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake Growth Age 20-Year-old in Lad Krating , Chachoengsao Province, ThailandGrowth characteristics of a wide range of provenance trial of Eucalyptus urophylla established at Lad Krating Plantation, Chachoengsao Province were assessed at 20 years of age. The trial was established to ascertain the extent of variation within the species, identify promising sources for the immediate seed supply and provide information on superior sources for selection. The trial consisted of 18 provenances representing six islands in Indonesia, viz. Flores, Lomblen, Pantar, Alor, Wetar, and Timor. Results from the present study indicated that there were significant differences in survival, tree height, clear bole, diameter at 10 cm above ground level (D10), and diameter at breast height (Dbh) among provenances. Meanwhile, the difference in crown diameter among provenances was insignificant. The present results recommended 6 provenances, viz. Mt. Lewotobi (Flores), Mt. Wasbilla (Pantar), Mt. Kerbau (Lomblen), Mt. Lewerok (Flores), Ampui (Alor), and Mt. Lakaan (Timor) as the best performing provenances for the next selection process and the most promising seed sources to be used in increasing the plantation productivity at Lad Krating.
Pengaruh Generalisasi Unit Lahan pada besarnya Erosi (Studi kasus di DAS Air Nelas, Propinsi Bengkulu)
Authors: Sulistyo Bambang
Published: August 2023

Effect of Land Unit Generalization on the ErosionLevel  (Study Case in Air Nelas Watershed, Bengkulu Province)The research aims to identify the effect of land unit generalisasion on the erosion at the Air Nelas catchment area in Bengkulu Province. Land unit generalisation is one step to be done in arrangin RTL-RLKT (Rencana Teknik Lapangan-Rehabilitasi Lahan dan Konservasi Tanah; Field Planning for Soil Rehabilitation and Conservation) conducted by Balai Pengelola DAS (formerly Balai RLKT).Method applied by conducting digital analysis using GIS Program to calculate erosion of the catchment area with USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) formula. Comparison analysis was done between the result of erosion before and after land unit generalisation. Land unit generalisation is a process to eliminate land unit having area 1 cm2 on map or 25 hectares on the field at the scale of 1:50.000. The instruction to run generalisation in ArchInfo GIS program is ELIMINATE. Land unit generalisation is done to simplify map analysis manual by avoiding land unit which is very small in the area.The research result showed that for the whole Air Nelas catchment area the erosion rate was 601,279.49 ton/ha/year before generalisation and 267,907.54 ton/ha/year after generalisation, indicating that there was a 33,371.95 ton/ha/year difference or 55.44% as the effect of land unit generalisation process. When the observation was mainly at the area of rehabilitation and conservation, there were categorical changes of the erosion i.e. from Moderate to Heavy or Very Heavy and vice versa. The change was varying between 148,244.82 ton/ha/year (Moderate to Very Heavy) and 79,470.62 ton/ha/year (Very Heavy to Moderate). Overall, the erosion was increaasing aas 65,335.90 ton/ha/year (11,01%) for the whole category in area where rehabilitatin and conservation have to be conducted. Those changes would affect the plan which determine recommendations to be taken in rehabilitation and conservation of catchment areas, as well as change in the project location and budget.
Perencanaan Jangka Pendek DAS dengan Metode Perhitungan Erosi Kuantitatif dengan Penginderaan Jauh dan Sistem Informasi Geografis
Authors: Harjadi Beny
Published: August 2023

Short-term Planning of Watershed Using Calculation of Quantitative Erosion Method Based on Remote Sensing and Geographic Information SystemPriority determination of some sub watersheds experienced difficulties based on the fact that data collection of the related sub watersheds takes time and quite costly. Whereas to comprehensively manage sub watershed, some prioritizet sub watersheds have to be chosen to manage holistically and integrally with good coordination between some related agencies. The study was carried out in India in two Nawagaon Maskara Raoi watersheds, Saharanpur city, located 250 km to the east of New Delhi. The study appointed a sub watershed to be the prioritu among the other 10 available using quantitative calculation method (MMF: Morgan, Morgan, and Finney method). The research aimed to measure the quantitative erosion based on MMF model and calculate the value index to determine the priority in sub watershed.The erosion calculation by MMF model produced five erosion levels i.e. very low (vl=0-5t/ha/yr), low (l=5-10 t/ha/yr), medium (m=10-25 t/ha/yr), high (h=25-50 t/ha/yr), and very high (vh 50 t/ha/yr). At the highest erosion level (vh) location with the most extensive land damage to the narrowest respectively was Sarbar Rao (SB) = 116.84 ha, Galr Rao (GR), Sahansra Thakur (ST), Shakumbari Rao (SH), Khawonwala Rao (KH) Kahan Rao (KR), Nawagaon Rao (NW), Chamarla Rao (CH), Track Fallows (TF), Barkala Rao (BR), and Maskara Rao (MR) = 0.34 ha. Of 11 sub watershed, priority value index was calculated, and the highest value (main priority) to the lowest one (least priority) is respectively as follows: GR (Galr Rao) = 33,5, KR (Kahan Rao), ST (Sahansra Thakur), TF (Track Fallows), BR (Barkala Rao), SB (Sarbar Rao), SH (Shakumbari Rao), CH (Chamarla Rao), KH (Kharonwala Rao), MR (Maskara Rao), and NW (Nawagaon Rao) = 18,2. Therefore the main priority fell for sub watershed Galr Rao (997.32) and the least priority for watershed Nawagaon Rao (7646.78 ha).
Studi Pembuatan Kelas Bonita pada Tegakan Acacia mangium Willd. di PT. Musi Hutan Persada, Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Santoso Heru Budi , Sadono Ronggo , Susanti Ari
Published: August 2023

Study on the Determination of  Site Quality Index for Acacia mangium Willd. in PT Musi Hutan Persada, South SumatraSite index is required to estimate forest productivity. This study was conducted to generate a diameter-height model and use it to construct a direct site quality index for Acacia mangium Willd. stands without thinning by dominant height approach in PT. Musi Hutan Persada,South Sumatra. It comprises two phases, namely dominant height curve development and site index construction based on semi-permanent and permanent plots data. The regression analysis of maximum diameter was employed to estimate the dominant height. The accepted diameter-height model was used for modeling an anomorphic site index using Schumacher’s formula. Dominant height could be estimated using the equation:Ln h = 3.588 - (6.955/d)  , (R2 = 0.91, sum of square error = 0.24), where h : dominant tree height and d: stem diameter.The equation was then used to modeling site index of A. mangium stands with age index of 6-years. The proposed model was :