bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative study on the age-related incidence of seborrheic keratosis and verruca plana in patients with verruca plana-like lesions
Authors: Kim Han-Seul , Myeong So Yeon , Kang Hee Young , Kim Jin Cheol
Published: March 2024

Seborrheic keratosis (SK) is a common skin disease in the elderly. However, in cases where SK presenting as multiple skin-colored or clustered lesions can be easily misdiagnosed as verruca plana (VP), especially in the young population. This retrospective study investigated the prevalence of SK and VP in the lesions that appear clinically similar to VP according to age. We examined the pathology slides of the skin tissue and photographs of patients who were clinically suspected to have VP. A total of 503 patients were included in the study, out of which 174 patients were finally diagnosed with SK (34.6%) and 132 with VP (26.2%). The mean ages of the SK- and VP-diagnosed group were 39.3 and 35.4 years, respectively. SK had a higher prevalence among individuals older than 30 years, and relative frequency of SK should not be ignored in patients with a grouped distribution in their 20 s and 30 s. Therefore, our study suggests that multiple verrucous skin-colored to brownish plaques are also commonly diagnosed as SK in young people as well as VP, and the prevalence of SK and VP may not always depend solely on chronological aging, and the prevalence of SK among young people may be higher than commonly believed stereotypes suggest.
Ultra-stable nano-micro bubbles in a biocompatible medium for safe delivery of anti-cancer drugs
Authors: Bunyatova Ulviye , Dogan Mustafa , Tekin Engincan , Ferhanoğlu Onur
Published: March 2024

We conducted a series of experimental investigations to generate laser-stimulated millimeter bubbles (MBs) around silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and thoroughly examined the mechanism of bubble formation within this nanocomposite system. One crucial aspect we explored was the lifetime and kinetics of these bubbles, given that bubbles generated by plasmonic nanoparticles are known to be transient with short durations. Surprisingly, our findings revealed that the achieved lifetime of these MBs extended beyond seven days. This impressive longevity far surpasses what has been reported in the existing literature. Further analysis of the experimental data uncovered a significant correlation between bubble volume and its lifetime. Smaller bubbles demonstrated longer lifetimes compared to larger ones, which provided valuable insights for future applications. The experimental results not only confirmed the validity of our model and simulations but also highlighted essential characteristics, including extended lifetime, matching absorption coefficients, adherence to physical boundary conditions, and agreement with simulated system parameters. Notably, we generated these MBs around functionalized AgNPs in a biocompatible nanocomposite medium by utilizing low-power light excitation. By readily binding potent cancer drugs to AgNPs through simple physical mixing, these medications can be securely encapsulated within bubbles and precisely guided to targeted locations within the human body. This capability to deliver drugs directly to the tumor site, while minimizing contact with healthy tissues, can lead to improved treatment outcomes and reduced side effects, significantly enhancing the quality of life for cancer patients.
Bias of AI-generated content: an examination of news produced by large language models
Authors: Fang Xiao , Che Shangkun , Mao Minjia , Zhang Hongzhe , Zhao Ming , Zhao Xiaohang
Published: March 2024

Large language models (LLMs) have the potential to transform our lives and work through the content they generate, known as AI-Generated Content (AIGC). To harness this transformation, we need to understand the limitations of LLMs. Here, we investigate the bias of AIGC produced by seven representative LLMs, including ChatGPT and LLaMA. We collect news articles from The New York Times and Reuters, both known for their dedication to provide unbiased news. We then apply each examined LLM to generate news content with headlines of these news articles as prompts, and evaluate the gender and racial biases of the AIGC produced by the LLM by comparing the AIGC and the original news articles. We further analyze the gender bias of each LLM under biased prompts by adding gender-biased messages to prompts constructed from these news headlines. Our study reveals that the AIGC produced by each examined LLM demonstrates substantial gender and racial biases. Moreover, the AIGC generated by each LLM exhibits notable discrimination against females and individuals of the Black race. Among the LLMs, the AIGC generated by ChatGPT demonstrates the lowest level of bias, and ChatGPT is the sole model capable of declining content generation when provided with biased prompts.
Health Canada advisory impacts on the prevalence of oral codeine use in the Pediatric Canadian population: comparative study across provinces
Authors: Sheehy O. , Eltonsy S. , Hawken S. , Walker M. , Kaul P. , Winquist B. , Barrett O. , Savu A. , Dragan R. , Pugliese M. , Bernatsky S. , Gorgui J. , Bérard A.
Published: March 2024

Health Canada (HC) has, since 2013, issued safety alerts restricting the use of codeine-containing drugs among breastfeeding women and children/adolescents under 18 years of age. These products are linked to breathing problems among ultra-rapid CYP2D6 metabolizers and early use of opioid can lead to future opioid misuse. Using a multi-province population-based cohort study, we estimate the impact of federal safety alerts on annual rates of codeine use in the Canadian pediatric population. We analyzed data from 8,156,948 children/adolescents in five Canadian provinces between 1996 and 2021, using a common protocol. Children/adolescents were categorized as: ≤ 12 years (children) or > 12 years (adolescents). We defined codeine exposure by ≥ 1 prescription filled for codeine alone or combined with other medications. For both age categories, we obtained province-specific codeine prescription filling rates per calendar year by dividing the number of children/adolescents with ≥ 1 codeine prescription filled by the number of person-time. Annual rates of codeine use per 1000 persons vary by province from 3.0 (Quebec) to 10.1 (Manitoba) in children, and from 5.5 to 51.3 in adolescents. After the 2013 HC advisory, exposure decreased in all provinces (adjusted level change from − 0.6 to − 18.4%) in children and from − 2.1 to − 17.9% in adolescents after the 2016 advisory. Annual rates declined over time in all provinces, following HC safety alerts specific to each of the two age categories.
Anti-centromere antibody positivity is an independent variable associated with salivary gland ultrasonography score in Sjögren’s syndrome
Authors: Shimizu Toshimasa , Nishihata Shin-ya , Nakamura Hideki , Takagi Yukinori , Sumi Misa , Kawakami Atsushi
Published: March 2024

Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by periductal lymphocytic infiltration of the salivary and lacrimal glands. SS also exhibits extra-glandular manifestations and specific autoantibodies. Salivary gland ultrasonography (SGUS) is a common procedure used to assess the severity of glandular involvement. However, the association between SGUS and extra-glandular lesions remains poorly understood. This study aimed to identify clinical indices, including disease activity, associated with glandular involvement using SGUS in patients with SS. We included 115 patients with SS and 90 without SS. Patients with SS had significantly higher ultrasonography (US) score than patients without SS. Multivariate analysis revealed focus score, Saxon test positivity, and anti-centromere antibody (ACA) positivity as independent variables associated with the US score in patients with SS. In addition, these results were similar to those obtained in patients with primary SS. Patients with SS and ACA positivity had higher US score and an increased prevalence of hyperechoic bands in the parotid glands and submandibular glands. In conclusion, this study indicated that ACA positivity is associated with the US score in patients with SS. These results suggest that US findings in patients with ACA positivity might show specific changes in the salivary glands, especially fibrosis.
Lake bottom relief reconstruction and water volume estimation based on the subsidence rate of the post-mining area (Bytom, Southern Poland)
Authors: Wita Paweł , Szafraniec Joanna E. , Absalon Damian , Woźnica Andrzej
Published: March 2024

Mining activity leads to subsidence troughs and permanent changes in water relations, like the formation of anthropogenic reservoirs. In the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (S Poland), their number is so high that the area is called an anthropogenic lake district. Any form of water retention, in the face of climate change, is valuable. However, the problem is the high variability of these lakes, making it challenging to estimate water resources. An example of this type of anthropogenic lake is the Brandka Pond in Bytom. An original method was proposed, consisting of two stages: reconstruction of the lake bottom relief based on the initial state of the area relief in 1994, i.e. at the beginning of the reservoir formation, and the land subsidence rate calculated for this area. Archival cartographic materials and DEMs from LiDAR data were used and processed in the open-source geoinformation software. Orthophoto maps and satellite scenes were also collected to determine changes in the extent of the pond from 1993 to 2019. Bathymetric data obtained in 2019 during sonar measurements on the reservoir was used to verify the calculations. The pond began to form in the early 1990s, and by 2019, it had reached an area of 178,226 m2, a maximum depth of 5.8 m and a capacity of 421,173 m3. The reconstruction method is accurate and suitable for lakes over 2 m deep, and the calculated capacity differs from the bathymetric data by 0.2%.
Sandstone chemical consolidation and wettability improvement using furan polymer-based nanofluid
Authors: Dargi Matin , Khamehchi Ehsan , Ghallath Fatemeh
Published: March 2024

The oil and gas industry faces a challenge in meeting global energy demand due to sand production in unconsolidated or semi-consolidated reservoirs, leading to equipment wear, production instability, and significant financial burdens. Mechanical and chemical sand control methods are being used among which chemical sand consolidation techniques have emerged as a promising solution. In this research, furan polymer-based nanofluid is investigated as a chemical consolidant to explore its intriguing properties and characteristics and how the quantity of nanoparticles influences the fundamental properties of curing resin and wettability while pioneering a groundbreaking approach to enhancing regaining permeability. According to the findings, a substantial boost in core compressive strength has been achieved as well as an impressive increase in re-permeability, especially for the foam injection case, by the meticulous optimization of nanofluid composition. The results include a remarkable regain permeability of 91.37%, a robust compressive strength of 1812.05 psi, and a noteworthy 15.32-degree shift towards water-wet wettability. Furthermore, silica nanoparticles were incorporated to enhance the thermal stability of the fluid, rendering it more adaptable to higher temperatures. Therefore, Furan polymer-based nanofluid is not only expected to present a solution to the challenge of sand production in the oil and gas industry but also to provide operational sustainability.
Metabolic health's central role in chronic kidney disease progression: a 20-year study of obesity-metabolic phenotype transitions
Authors: Khalili Shayesteh , Safavi-Naini Seyed Amir Ahmad , Zarand Paniz , Masoumi Safdar , Farsi Yeganeh , Hosseinpanah Farhad , Azizi Fereidoun
Published: March 2024

This study investigates the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) across four metabolic phenotypes: Metabolically Healthy-No Obesity (MH-NO), Metabolically Unhealthy-No obesity (MU-NO), Metabolically Healthy-Obesity (MH-O), and Metabolically Unhealthy-Obesity (MU-O). Data from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study, collected from 1999 to 2020, were used to categorize participants based on a BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 and metabolic health status, defined by the presence of three or four of the following components: high blood pressure, elevated triglycerides, low high-density lipoprotein, and high fasting blood sugar. CKD, characterized by a glomerular filtration rate < 60 ml/min/1.72 m2. The hazard ratio (HR) of CKD risk was evaluated using Cox proportional hazard models. The study included 8731 participants, with an average age of 39.93 years, and identified 734 incidents of CKD. After adjusting for covariates, the MU-O group demonstrated the highest risk of CKD progression (HR 1.42–1.87), followed by the MU-NO group (HR 1.33–1.67), and the MH-O group (HR 1.18–1.54). Persistent MU-NO and MU-O posed the highest CKD risk compared to transitional states, highlighting the significance of exposure during early adulthood. These findings emphasize the independent contributions of excess weight and metabolic health, along with its components, to CKD risk. Therefore, preventive strategies should prioritize interventions during early-adulthood.
Photosynthetic responses of Larix kaempferi and Pinus densiflora seedlings are affected by summer extreme heat rather than by extreme precipitation
Authors: Kim Gwang-Jung , Jo Heejae , Cho Min Seok , Noh Nam Jin , Han Seung Hyun , Khamzina Asia , Kim Hyung-Sub , Son Yowhan
Published: March 2024

The frequency and intensity of summer extreme climate events are increasing over time, and have a substantial negative effect on plants, which may be evident in their impact on photosynthesis. Here, we examined the photosynthetic responses of Larix kaempferi and Pinus densiflora seedlings to extreme heat (+ 3 °C and + 6 °C), drought, and heavy rainfall by conducting an open-field multifactor experiment. Leaf gas exchange in L. kaempferi showed a decreasing trend under increasing temperature, showing a reduction in the stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and net photosynthetic rate by 135.2%, 102.3%, and 24.8%, respectively, in the + 6 °C treatment compared to those in the control. In contrast, P. densiflora exhibited a peak function in the stomatal conductance and transpiration rate under + 3 °C treatment. Furthermore, both species exhibited increased total chlorophyll contents under extreme heat conditions. However, extreme precipitation had no marked effect on photosynthetic activities, given the overall favorable water availability for plants. These results indicate that while extreme heat generally reduces photosynthesis by triggering stomatal closure under high vapor pressure deficit, plants employ diverse stomatal strategies in response to increasing temperature, which vary among species. Our findings contribute to the understanding of mechanisms underlying the photosynthetic responses of conifer seedlings to summer extreme climate events.
Exploring TTN variants as genetic insights into cardiomyopathy pathogenesis and potential emerging clues to molecular mechanisms in cardiomyopathies
Authors: Jolfayi Amir Ghaffari , Kohansal Erfan , Ghasemi Serwa , Naderi Niloofar , Hesami Mahshid , MozafaryBazargany MohammadHossein , Moghadam Maryam Hosseini , Fazelifar Amir Farjam , Maleki Majid , Kalayinia Samira
Published: March 2024

The giant protein titin (TTN) is a sarcomeric protein that forms the myofibrillar backbone for the components of the contractile machinery which plays a crucial role in muscle disorders and cardiomyopathies. Diagnosing TTN pathogenic variants has important implications for patient management and genetic counseling. Genetic testing for TTN variants can help identify individuals at risk for developing cardiomyopathies, allowing for early intervention and personalized treatment strategies. Furthermore, identifying TTN variants can inform prognosis and guide therapeutic decisions. Deciphering the intricate genotype–phenotype correlations between TTN variants and their pathologic traits in cardiomyopathies is imperative for gene-based diagnosis, risk assessment, and personalized clinical management. With the increasing use of next-generation sequencing (NGS), a high number of variants in the TTN gene have been detected in patients with cardiomyopathies. However, not all TTN variants detected in cardiomyopathy cohorts can be assumed to be disease-causing. The interpretation of TTN variants remains challenging due to high background population variation. This narrative review aimed to comprehensively summarize current evidence on TTN variants identified in published cardiomyopathy studies and determine which specific variants are likely pathogenic contributors to cardiomyopathy development.
Large-scale cranial window for in vivo mouse brain imaging utilizing fluoropolymer nanosheet and light-curable resin
Authors: Takahashi Taiga , Zhang Hong , Agetsuma Masakazu , Nabekura Junichi , Otomo Kohei , Okamura Yosuke , Nemoto Tomomi
Published: March 2024

Two-photon microscopy enables in vivo imaging of neuronal activity in mammalian brains at high resolution. However, two-photon imaging tools for stable, long-term, and simultaneous study of multiple brain regions in same mice are lacking. Here, we propose a method to create large cranial windows covering such as the whole parietal cortex and cerebellum in mice using fluoropolymer nanosheets covered with light-curable resin (termed the ‘Nanosheet Incorporated into light-curable REsin’ or NIRE method). NIRE method can produce cranial windows conforming the curved cortical and cerebellar surfaces, without motion artifacts in awake mice, and maintain transparency for >5 months. In addition, we demonstrate that NIRE method can be used for in vivo two-photon imaging of neuronal ensembles, individual neurons and subcellular structures such as dendritic spines. The NIRE method can facilitate in vivo large-scale analysis of heretofore inaccessible neural processes, such as the neuroplastic changes associated with maturation, learning and neural pathogenesis.
High-density cortical µECoG arrays concurrently track spreading depolarizations and long-term evolution of stroke in awake rats
Authors: Palopoli-Trojani Kay , Trumpis Michael , Chiang Chia-Han , Wang Charles , Williams Ashley J. , Evans Cody L. , Turner Dennis A. , Viventi Jonathan , Hoffmann Ulrike
Published: March 2024

Spreading depolarizations (SDs) are widely recognized as a major contributor to the progression of tissue damage from ischemic stroke even if blood flow can be restored. They are characterized by negative intracortical waveforms of up to -20 mV, propagation velocities of 3 - 6 mm/min, and massive disturbance of membrane ion homeostasis. High-density, micro-electrocorticographic (μECoG) epidural electrodes and custom, DC-coupled, multiplexed amplifiers, were used to continuously characterize and monitor SD and µECoG cortical signal evolution in awake, moving rats over days. This highly innovative approach can define these events over a large brain surface area (~ 3.4 × 3.4 mm), extending across the boundaries of the stroke, and offers sufficient electrode density (60 contacts total per array for a density of 5.7 electrodes / mm2) to measure and determine the origin of SDs in relation to the infarct boundaries. In addition, spontaneous ECoG activity can simultaneously be detected to further define cortical infarct regions. This technology allows us to understand dynamic stroke evolution and provides immediate cortical functional activity over days. Further translational development of this approach may facilitate improved treatment options for acute stroke patients.
An array of signal-specific MoYpd1 isoforms determines full virulence in the pathogenic fungus Magnaporthe oryzae
Authors: Bühring Sri , Brunner Antonia , Heeb Klemens , Mergard Marius-Peter , Schmauck Greta , Jacob Stefan
Published: March 2024

Magnaporthe oryzae is placed first on a list of the world’s top ten plant pathogens with the highest scientific and economic importance. The locus MGG_07173 occurs only once in the genome of M. oryzae and encodes the phosphotransfer protein MoYpd1p, which plays an important role in the high osmolarity glycerol (HOG) signaling pathway for osmoregulation. Originating from this locus, at least three MoYPD1 isoforms are produced in a signal-specific manner. The transcript levels of these MoYPD1-isoforms were individually affected by external stress. Salt (KCI) stress raised MoYPD1_T0 abundance, whereas osmotic stress by sorbitol elevates MoYPD1_T1 levels. In line with this, signal-specific nuclear translocation of green fluorescent protein-fused MoYpd1p isoforms in response to stress was observed. Mutant strains that produce only one of the MoYpd1p isoforms are less virulent, suggesting a combination thereof is required to invade the host successfully. In summary, we demonstrate signal-specific production of MoYpd1p isoforms that individually increase signal diversity and orchestrate virulence in M. oryzae.
Dynamical onset of light-induced unconventional superconductivity—a Yukawa-Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev study
Authors: Grunwald Lukas , Passetti Giacomo , Kennes Dante M.
Published: March 2024

Using light irradiation to manipulate quantum materials has opened up avenues for transiently inducing superconductivity in some systems. Despite experimental confirmation across various compounds, the mechanism behind the dynamic formation of Cooper pairs remains highly debated, in part due to the strong electronic correlations at play, which pose challenges for theoretical investigations relying on perturbative or phenomenological approaches. Here, we investigate the dynamical onset of superconductivity in the strongly correlated, yet exactly solvable Yukawa-Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model. Analyzing dynamical protocols motivated by theoretical mechanisms proposed for light-induced superconductivity, that is light-induced cooling and the dressing of Hamiltonian parameters, we investigate the exact relaxation resulting out of undercooling and interaction quenches. While, in contrast to BCS theory, it is not possible for superconductivity to emerge following interaction quenches across the superconducting phase transition, we find that the dynamical relaxation of undercooled states universally leads to superconductivity. Despite the strong correlations, the emerging order parameter dynamics are well captured by a coarse grained Ginzburg-Landau theory. Our study provides an integral stepping stone towards exploring light-induced superconductivity in strongly correlated systems in a theoretically controlled way.
Young volcanic terrains are windows into early microbial colonization
Authors: Hadland Nathan , Hamilton Christopher W. , Duhamel Solange
Published: March 2024

Volcanic eruptions generate initially sterile materials where biological processes are absent, allowing for the fresh colonization by new organisms. This review summarizes the characteristics of volcanic habitats that are available for pioneer microbial colonization, including hot springs, fumaroles, lava tubes, and recently cooled rock surfaces and interiors. Eruptions provide unique insight into microbial community development in extreme environments. The trajectories that these ecosystems follow are largely dictated by the initial environmental conditions and identities of the colonizers, rather than the age of the system. The review also discusses how studies of microbial communities in young lava flow fields can provide insights into the possibility of life on Mars, which was volcanically and hydrologically active in the past. Understanding biosignature preservation as well as the metabolisms and survival mechanisms of microorganisms in volcanic systems has implications for how an ecosystem might have developed on early Earth and possibly Mars.
Identification of plants’ functional counterpart of the metazoan mediator of DNA Damage checkpoint 1
Authors: Lorković Zdravko J , Klingenbrunner Michael , Cho Chung Hyun , Berger Frédéric
Published: March 2024

Induction of DNA damage triggers rapid phosphorylation of the histone H2A.X (γH2A.X). In animals, mediator of DNA damage checkpoint 1 (MDC1) binds γH2A.X through a tandem BRCA1 carboxyl-terminal (tBRCT) domain and mediates recruitment of downstream effectors of DNA damage response (DDR). However, readers of this modification in plants have remained elusive. We show that from the Arabidopsis BRCT domain proteome, BCP1-4 proteins with tBRCT domains are involved in DDR. Through its tBRCT domain BCP4 binds γH2A.X in vitro and localizes to DNA damage-induced foci in an H2A.X-dependent manner. BCP4 also contains a domain that interacts directly with NBS1 and thus acts as a functional counterpart of MDC1. We also show that BCP1, that contains two tBRCT domains, co-localizes with γH2A.X but it does not bind γH2A.X suggesting functional similarity with human PAXIP1. A phylogenetic analysis supports that PAXIP1 and MDC1 in metazoa and their plant counterparts evolved independently from common ancestors with tBRCT domains. Collectively, our study reveals missing components and provides mechanistic and evolutionary insights into plant DDR.
The Meaning of Pollution and the Powerfulness of NMR Techniques
Authors: Conte P. , Chillura Martino D. F. , Lo Meo P.
Published: March 2024

A short survey is presented herein on the use of the various Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) based techniques in the context of environmental analysis and environmental remediation. Starting from the general concept of “pollution” and its multifaceted aspects, a brief overview on the diverse use that NMR-related techniques may find in monitoring environmental problems and in providing useful tools for the implementation of smart solutions for environmental remediation is given. Future perspectives and challenges are briefly addressed.
Monitoring of Lubricating Oil Degradation Via Fast Field Cycling NMR Relaxometry
Authors: Anoardo E. , Erro E. M.
Published: March 2024

Motor oils are composed of a hydrocarbon mineral or synthetic blend (base oil), conveniently combined with specific chemicals aimed to prevent degradation and improve their functionality and lifespan. Oxidation, nitration, sulphating and contamination are the most common factors to consider, while thermal stress is one of the most aggressive chemical degrading mechanisms. The fast field-cycling NMR relaxometry technique has been successfully used to characterize chemical degradation in oil bases and lubricants. Our studies have suggested that the spin–lattice relaxation rate R1 measured at low field (Larmor frequencies lower than 2 MHz) and preferably at room temperature (or lower) meets optimal analytical conditions that are vastly superior to spin–spin relaxation R2 analytics at low temperatures (−10 °C to 10 °C) in the MHz frequency range. The proposed theoretical relaxation model has shown good consistency with pulsed field-gradient measurements of diffusion and other relaxation experiments performed on fixed-field instruments. Among others, applications in a short time include detection of adulteration and other forensic needs related to oils, fingerprint fast testing, efficiency and durability testing of additives and quality determination of mineral or synthetic bases.
Simple, catalytic C(sp3)–H azidation using the C–H donor as the limiting reagent
Authors: Hooson James F. , Tran Hai N. , Bian Kang-Jie , West Julian G.
Published: March 2024

C(sp3)–H bonds can be directly azidated using simple iron and manganese catalysts and commercial Selectfluor and TMSN3 as reagents.
Remote control of anion binding by CH-based receptors
Authors: Jurek Paulina , Szymański Marek P. , Szumna Agnieszka
Published: March 2024

We show that the substitution of tetra(benzimidazole)resorcin[4]arenes with electron withdrawing groups on the upper rim enhances anion binding at the opposite edge by more than three orders of magnitude.
The SAMPL9 host–guest blind challenge: an overview of binding free energy predictive accuracy
Authors: Amezcua Martin , Setiadi Jeffry , Mobley David L.
Published: March 2024

We report the results of the SAMPL9 host–guest blind challenge for predicting binding free energies.
Progress in small-molecule inhibitors targeting PD-L1
Authors: Xu Jindan , Kong Yuanfang , Zhu Pengbo , Du Mingyan , Liang Xuan , Tong Yan , Li Xiaofei , Dong Chunhong
Published: March 2024

The feature of the PD-L1 protein and the basic backbone of PD-L1 small-molecule inhibitors have been summarized, it is an important guidance for researchers to develop PD-L1 small molecule inhibitors based on protein characteristic.
Visible light catalytic degradation of acid orange II via BiOI/UiO-66(Zr) activation of peroxymonosulfate
Authors: Tang Jiahua , Cheng Xianxiong , Lian Junfeng , Liu Xin , Wang Rui
Published: March 2024

Spherical BiOI/UiO-66(Zr) composite materials were synthesized using a solvothermal method.
A quantum mechanics and molecular mechanics study of bis-thiosemicarbazones with strong antiplasmodial properties as Fe(iii)-selective chelators and inhibitors of hemozoin formation
Authors: Nkungli Nyiang Kennet , Aponglen Godfred Ayimele , Tasheh Stanley Numbonui , Hassan Abrar Ul , Ghogomu Julius Numbonui
Published: March 2024

Bis-thiosemicarbazones with strong antiplasmodial properties are found to exert their therapeutic effects through Fe(iii)-selective chelation and inhibition of hemozoin formation in plasmodium parasites.
Preparation of stable Fe2O3/Ag nanocomposite particles with catalytic, antioxidant and antibacterial properties
Authors: Rabbi M. Ahasanur , Bithi Akter Most. , Chaki Bijan Mohon , Abdul Latif Md. , Al-Amin Md. , Zia Uddin Rasel M. , Sharmin Shamsad , Abdurrahim Md. , Rubel Mirza Humaun Kabir , Habib Md. Rowshanul
Published: March 2024

Schematic diagram showing the preparation process of stable Fe2O3/Ag nanocomposite particles.
Carbon–chalcogen wires: alkynyltellurolatocarbynes
Authors: Onn Chee S. , Hill Anthony F.
Published: March 2024

The reactions of [W(CBr)(CO)2(Tp*)] with LiTeCCR (R = SiMe3, SiiPr3, iPr, nBu, tBu, Ph, C6H4Me-4, methylimidazol-2-yl) afford the first alkynyltellurolatocarbynes [W(CTeCCR)(CO)2(Tp*)] feauring an unsaturated carbon–tellurium spine.
Correction: Pericyclic reaction benchmarks: hierarchical computations targeting CCSDT(Q)/CBS and analysis of DFT performance
Authors: Vermeeren Pascal , Dalla Tiezza Marco , Wolf Mark E. , Lahm Mitchell E. , Allen Wesley D. , Schaefer Henry F. , Hamlin Trevor A. , Bickelhaupt F. Matthias
Published: March 2024

Correction for ‘Pericyclic reaction benchmarks: hierarchical computations targeting CCSDT(Q)/CBS and analysis of DFT performance’ by Pascal Vermeeren et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2022, 24, 18028–18042, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2CP02234F.
Functionalized magnetic nanoparticles for electrochemical magneto biosensing of PSMA cancer biomarker
Authors: Aydın Muhammet , Aydın Elif Burcu , Sezgintürk Mustafa Kemal
Published: March 2024

A novel platform on which anti-prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) antibodies were immobilized on the core–shell structure of iron oxide (Fe3O4)/6-phosphonohexanoic acid (6Pha) nanoparticles was developed for the specific detection of PSMA.
A biomass hydrogel solar evaporator based on low-grade tobacco leaves for water evaporation and thermoelectric conversion applications
Authors: Wang Zuoyu , Han Lu , Xi Gaolei , Jia Tao , Liu Yi , He Xiao , Wang Hongxia , Li Bin
Published: March 2024

A low-cost and eco-friendly solar steam generator was designed by combining polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels with low-grade tobacco leaves biomass photothermal materials, which apply for water evaporation and thermoelectric conversion.
Contribution of Wireless Wi-Fi Intraoral Cameras to the Assessment of Swallowing Safety and Efficiency
Authors: Vergara José , Miles Anna , Lopes de Moraes Juliana , Chone Carlos Takahiro
Published: March 2024

Background:

Clinical evaluation of swallowing provides important clinical information but is limited in detecting penetration, aspiration, and pharyngeal residue in patients with suspected dysphagia. Although this is an old problem, there remains limited access to low-cost methods to evaluate swallowing safety and efficiency.

Purpose:

The purpose of this technical report is to describe the experience of a single center that recently began using a wireless Wi-Fi intraoral camera for transoral endoscopic procedures as an adjunct to clinical swallowing evaluation. We describe the theoretical structure of this new clinical evaluation proposal. We present descriptive findings on its diagnostic performance in relation to videofluoroscopic swallowing study as the gold standard in a cohort of seven patients with dysphagia following head and neck cancer. We provide quantitative data on intra- and interrater reliability. Furthermore, this report discusses how this technology can be applied in the clinical practice of professionals who treat patients with dysphagia and provides directions for future research.

Conclusions:

This preliminary retrospective study suggests that intraoral cameras can reveal the accumulated oropharyngeal secretions and postswallow pharyngolaryngeal residue in patients with suspected dysphagia. Future large-scale studies focusing on validating and exploring this contemporary low-cost technology as part of a clinical swallowing evaluation are warranted.
Revealing the characteristics of the dark GRB 150309A: Dust extinguished or high-z?
Authors: Castro-Tirado A. J. , Gupta R. , Pandey S. B. , Nicuesa Guelbenzu A. , Eikenberry S. , Ackley K. , Gerarts A. , Valeev A. F. , Jeong S. , Park I. H. , Oates S. R. , Zhang B.-B. , Sánchez-Ramírez R. , Martín-Carrillo A. , Tello J. C. , Jelínek M. , Hu Y.-D. , Cunniffe R. , Sokolov V. V. , Guziy S. , Ferrero P. , Caballero-García M. D. , Ror A. K. , Aryan A. , Castro Tirado M. A. , Fernández-García E. , Gritsevich M. , Olivares I. , Pérez-García I. , Castro Cerón J. M. , Cepa J.
Published: March 2024

Context. Dark gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) constitute a significant fraction of the GRB population. In this paper, we present a multi-wavelength analysis (both prompt emission and afterglow) of an intense (3.98  ×  10−5 erg cm−2 using Fermi-Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor) two-episodic GRB 150309A observed early on until ∼114 days post burst. Despite the strong gamma-ray emission, no optical afterglow was detected for this burst. However, we discovered near-infrared (NIR) afterglow (KS-band), ∼5.2 h post burst, with the CIRCE instrument mounted at the 10.4 m Gran Telescopio Canarias (hereafter, GTC).

Aims. We aim to examine the characteristics of GRB 150309A as a dark burst and to constrain other properties using multi-wavelength observations.

Methods. We used Fermi observations of GRB 150309A to understand the prompt emission mechanisms and jet composition. We performed early optical observations using the BOOTES robotic telescope and late-time afterglow observations using the GTC. A potential faint host galaxy was also detected in the optical wavelength using the GTC. We modelled the potential host galaxy of GRB 150309A in order to explore the environment of the burst.

Results. The time-resolved spectral analysis of Fermi data indicates a hybrid jet composition consisting of a matter-dominated fireball and magnetic-dominated Poynting flux. The GTC observations of the afterglow revealed that the counterpart of GRB 150309A was very red, with H − KS > 2.1 mag (95% confidence). The red counterpart was not discovered in any bluer filters of Swift UVOT/BOOTES, which would be indicative of a high redshift origin. Therefore we discarded this possibility based on multiple arguments, such as spectral analysis of the X-ray afterglow constrain z < 4.15 and a moderate redshift value obtained using the spectral energy distribution (SED) modelling of the potential galaxy. The broadband (X-ray to NIR bands) afterglow SED implies a very dusty host galaxy with a deeply embedded GRB (suggesting AV ≳ 35 mag).

Conclusions. The environment of GRB 150309A demands a high extinction towards the line of sight. Demanding dust obscuration is the most probable origin of optical darkness as well as the very red afterglow of GRB 150309A. This result establishes GRB 150309A as the most extinguished GRB known to date.
The SPHERE view of the Taurus star-forming region
Authors: Garufi A. , Ginski C. , van Holstein R. G. , Benisty M. , Manara C. F. , Pérez S. , Pinilla P. , Ribas Á. , Weber P. , Williams J. , Cieza L. , Dominik C. , Facchini S. , Huang J. , Zurlo A. , Bae J. , Hagelberg J. , Henning Th. , Hogerheijde M.R. , Janson M. , Ménard F. , Messina S. , Meyer M.R. , Pinte C. , Quanz S. P. , Rigliaco E. , Roccatagliata V. , Schmid H. M. , Szulágyi J. , van Boekel R. , Wahhaj Z. , Antichi J. , Baruffolo A. , Moulin T.
Published: March 2024

The sample of planet-forming disks observed by high-contrast imaging campaigns over the last decade is mature enough to enable the demographical analysis of individual star-forming regions. We present the full census of Taurus sources with VLT/SPHERE polarimetric images available. The whole sample sums up to 43 targets (of which 31 have not been previously published) corresponding to one-fifth of the Class II population in Taurus and about half of such objects that are observable. A large fraction of the sample is apparently made up of isolated faint disks (equally divided between small and large self-shadowed disks). Ambient signal is visible in about one-third of the sample. This probes the interaction with the environment and with companions or the outflow activity of the system. The central portion of the Taurus region almost exclusively hosts faint disks, while the periphery also hosts bright disks interacting with their surroundings. The few bright disks are found around apparently older stars. The overall picture is that the Taurus region is in an early evolutionary stage of planet formation. Yet, some objects are discussed individually, as in an intermediate or exceptional stage of the disk evolution. This census provides a first benchmark for the comparison of the disk populations in different star forming regions.
The COSMOS-Web ring: In-depth characterization of an Einstein ring lensing system at z ∼ 2
Authors: Mercier W. , Shuntov M. , Gavazzi R. , Nightingale J. W. , Arango R. , Ilbert O. , Amvrosiadis A. , Ciesla L. , Casey C. M. , Jin S. , Faisst A. L. , Andika I. T. , Drakos N. E. , Enia A. , Franco M. , Gillman S. , Gozaliasl G. , Hayward C. C. , Huertas-Company M. , Kartaltepe J. S. , Koekemoer A. M. , Laigle C. , Le Borgne D. , Magdis G. , Mahler G. , Maraston C. , Martin C. L. , Massey R. , McCracken H. J. , Moutard T. , Paquereau L. , Rhodes J. D. , Robertson B. E. , Sanders D. B. , Toft S. , Trebitsch M. , Tresse L. , Vijayan A. P.
Published: March 2024

Aims. We provide an in-depth analysis of the COSMOS-Web ring, an Einstein ring at z ≈ 2 that we serendipitously discovered during the data reduction of the COSMOS-Web survey and that could be the most distant lens discovered to date.

Methods. We extracted the visible and near-infrared photometry of the source and the lens from more than 25 bands. We combined these observations with far-infrared detections to study the dusty nature of the source and we derived the photometric redshifts and physical properties of both the lens and the source with three different spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting codes. Using JWST/NIRCam images, we also produced two lens models to (i) recover the total mass of the lens, (ii) derive the magnification of the system, (iii) reconstruct the morphology of the lensed source, and (iv) measure the slope of the total mass density profile of the lens.

Results. We find the lens to be a very massive elliptical galaxy at z = 2.02 ± 0.02 with a total mass within the Einstein radius of Mtot(<θEin = (3.66 ± 0.36) × 1011 M⊙ and a total stellar mass of M⋆ = 1.37−0.11+0.14 × 1011 M⊙. We also estimate it to be compact and quiescent with a specific star formation rate below 10−13 yr. Compared to stellar-to-halo mass relations from the literature, we find that the total mass of the lens within the Einstein radius is consistent with the presence of a dark matter (DM) halo of total mass Mh = 1.09−0.57+1.46 × 1013 M⊙. In addition, the background source is a M⋆ = (1.26 ± 0.17) × 1010 M⊙ star-forming galaxy (SFR ≈ (78 ± 15) M⊙ yr) at z = 5.48 ± 0.06. The morphology reconstructed in the source plane shows two clear components with different colors. Dust attenuation values from SED fitting and nearby detections in the far infrared also suggest that the background source could be at least partially dust-obscured.

Conclusions. We find the lens at z ≈ 2. Its total, stellar, and DM halo masses are consistent within the Einstein ring, so we do not need any unexpected changes in our description of the lens such as changing its initial mass function or including a non-negligible gas contribution. The most likely solution for the lensed source is at z ≈ 5.5. Its reconstructed morphology is complex and highly wavelength dependent, possibly because it is a merger or a main sequence galaxy with a heterogeneous dust distribution.
La couleur bleue : des pigments à l’auto-assemblage
Authors: Saranathan Vinodkumar , Jalais Annu
Published: March 2024

Le pigment bleu a une histoire riche et fascinante dans le monde artistique et artisanal. Mais, dans le règne animal, les pigments bleus sont très rares. Les bleus organiques sont en revanche omniprésents dans le vivant et sont surtout des couleurs « structurelles » produites par l’interaction de la lumière avec des structures submicroniques. Nous examinons ici comment les matériaux photoniques vitreux et les cristaux dans les plumes pourraient permettre de manière biomimétique la synthèse facile et durable de bleus.
The Impact of Digital Media, Virtual Reality, and Computer-generated art on Traditional Art Forms
Authors: Kong Lan , Guo Xinyi , Liu Yuhan
Published: March 2024

This paper explores the profound influence of digital media, virtual reality (VR), and computer-generated art on traditional art forms. In the age of technological advancement, these digital mediums have not only redefined the boundaries of artistic expression but have also transformed how audiences engage with art. This study delves into the evolution of art in the digital era, emphasizing the ways in which traditional art forms are adapting, converging, and thriving within the digital landscape. Through case studies, historical analysis, and critical examination, we demonstrate the multifaceted impact of these digital innovations on the traditional arts. We also highlight the potential for synergy between digital and traditional art, fostering a new era of creativity and artistic exploration.
Based on the Application of VFM and PSC Integration in Infrastructure PPP Project Feasibility Assessment
Authors: Shyng Jyh-Harng
Published: March 2024

The main objective of this study is to investigate a superior method of evaluation, to accurately assess the investment value of infrastructure PPP projects, and to compile literature for the development of infrastructure PPP projects. To accomplish this, we propose a comprehensive approach that involves calculating the PSC value and PPP value for a thorough analysis. This analysis aims to determine whether the PPP model should replace the government’s traditional investment and operational approach. Secondly, an analysis of VFM and PSC is conducted at the beginning of the project, and thirdly, a continuous dynamic evaluation of VFM + PSC is implemented throughout the project lifecycle. The results indicate that developing more targeted project implementation strategies in the planning stage and conducting continuous dynamic evaluation throughout the life cycle, the integration and application of VFM and PSC in infrastructure PPP projects can improve the accuracy and objectivity of evaluation, reduce project risks, enhance cooperation between the government and enterprises, provide stronger support for the implementation of projects, promote the development of the PPP model, and enhance the efficiency of public resource utilization. This approach is expected to be increasingly valued and applied in PPP projects in the future.
Exploration and Practice of Building High-level Higher Vocational Colleges in Provincial Areas
Authors: Zeng Desheng
Published: March 2024

In order to thoroughly implement the spirit of the National Vocational Education Conference and fully implement the "National Vocational Education Reform Implementation Plan" and "Opinions on Promoting the High-Quality Development of Modern Vocational Education", Guangdong Province has launched a provincial high-level vocational college construction plan. Our school closely adheres to the core goal of "creating characteristics, improving quality, and strengthening the brand", takes the fundamental task of cultivating people with moral integrity, takes accelerating the modernization of education as the main line, and firmly grasps the promotion of the "Belt and Road" international cooperation and the construction of Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao University Bay Area and other major historical opportunities, in line with the reform and development trends of higher education, explore the development of party building, majors, teachers and management levels, comprehensively improve the quality and efficiency of education, and lay the foundation for striving to become a first-class higher vocational college in the province.
Study on the cultivating Model Innovation of internationalized talents from the perspective of “integration of production and education”
Authors: Yao Jingwu , Guan Jinbiao , Duan Yan , Long Qiang , Yao Liwen
Published: March 2024

The Promulgation of the policy of "integration between industry and education ", local colleges and universities has changed the talent training mode. This requires universities to carry out reform and innovation in the cultivation of talents (especially Internationalized talents). This paper analyzes the demand types of local Internationalized talents, Combined with the problems existing in the management of innovative talents and Internationalized talents training in colleges and universities, Put forward the new train of thought of extrovert talent training, so as to promote the organic integration of industrial development and college education, which has certain reference value and practical significance to Actively promote "combination of industry and Education, combination of work and Study". Based on the analysis of the needs of Chinese internationalized people, this paper puts forward the demand types of Internationalized talents, and the training elements, objectives, modes and countermeasures of Internationalized talents. This paper gives a basic definition of extraverted talents and summarizes several types of extraverted talents. At the same time, on the basis of analyzing the needs of Chinese internationalized people, this paper puts forward the demand types of Internationalized talents, and puts forward the training elements, objectives, models and countermeasures of Internationalized talents.
Concept of housework of married women: Personal happiness, cooperation, bargaining, and the burden of generalist
Authors: Wang Ziming
Published: March 2024

With the deepening of the ideology of gender equality in Chinese society, the traditional pattern of division of housework, constructed based on traditional gender perspectives, was challenged. The attitudes of married women towards housework also changed. However, those attitudes are not independent of the influence of the time in which women live. Different ages have different political, material, and cultural elements, shaping different attitudes towards housework for women born in different generations. The earlier the generation of women, the closer the contact with traditional gender ideologies, and the more likely they become the main undertaker of housework. On the other hand, women born in the later generation make different choices under the guidance of rationality due to the convenience of obtaining information, the development of technology, and the trend of globalization.