bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A bioactive mammalian disaccharide associated with autoimmunity activates STING-TBK1-dependent immune response
Authors: Fermaintt Charles S. , Sano Kanae , Liu Zhida , Ishii Nozomi , Seino Junichi , Dobbs Nicole , Suzuki Tadashi , Fu Yang-Xin , Lehrman Mark A. , Matsuo Ichiro , Yan Nan
Published: May 2019

Glycans from microbial pathogens are well known pathogen-associated molecular patterns that are recognized by the host immunity; however, little is known about whether and how mammalian self-glycans activate the host immune response, especially in the context of autoimmune disease. Using biochemical fractionation and two-dimensional HPLC, we identify an abundant and bioactive free glycan, the Manβ1-4GlcNAc disaccharide in TREX1-associated autoimmune diseases. We report that both monosaccharide residues and the β1-4 linkage are critical for bioactivity of this disaccharide. We also show that Manβ1-4GlcNAc is produced by oligosaccharyltransferase hydrolysis of lipid-linked oligosaccharides in the ER lumen, followed by ENGase and mannosidase processing in the cytosol and lysosomes. Furthermore, synthetic Manβ1-4GlcNAc disaccharide stimulates a broad immune response in vitro, which is in part dependent on the STING-TBK1 pathway, and enhances antibody response in vivo. Together, our data identify Manβ1-4GlcNAc as a novel innate immune modulator associated with chronic autoimmune diseases.
Publisher Correction: Clonal replacement and heterogeneity in breast tumors treated with neoadjuvant HER2-targeted therapy
Authors: Caswell-Jin Jennifer L. , McNamara Katherine , Reiter Johannes G. , Sun Ruping , Hu Zheng , Ma Zhicheng , Ding Jie , Suarez Carlos J. , Tilk Susanne , Raghavendra Akshara , Forte Victoria , Chin Suet-Feung , Bardwell Helen , Provenzano Elena , Caldas Carlos , Lang Julie , West Robert , Tripathy Debu , Press Michael F. , Curtis Christina
Published: May 2019

The original version of this Article omitted from the Author Contributions statement that ‘R.S. and J.G.R contributed equally to this work.’ This has been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.
Publisher Correction: High mitogenic stimulation arrests angiogenesis
Authors: Pontes-Quero Samuel , Fernández-Chacón Macarena , Luo Wen , Lunella Federica Francesca , Casquero-Garcia Verónica , Garcia-Gonzalez Irene , Hermoso Ana , Rocha Susana F. , Bansal Mayank , Benedito Rui
Published: May 2019

The original version of this Article contained errors in Fig. 8. In panel a, the labels ‘VEGF’, ‘Notch’, ‘p21’, and ‘P-ERK’ were inadvertently omitted. This has been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.
Publisher Correction: Tear resistance of soft collagenous tissues
Authors: Bircher Kevin , Zündel Manuel , Pensalfini Marco , Ehret Alexander E. , Mazza Edoardo
Published: May 2019

The original version of this Article contained errors in the ‘Computational material models’ section of the Methods in which some values were displayed with incorrect units. As a result of this, a number of changes have been made to both the PDF and the HTML versions of the Article. A full description of these changes is available online and can be accessed via a link at the top of the Article.
Epidermal Growth Factor Stimulates Transforming Growth Factor-Beta Receptor Type II Expression In Corneal Epithelial Cells
Authors: Shu Daisy Y. , Hutcheon Audrey E. K. , Zieske James D. , Guo Xiaoqing
Published: May 2019

We previously demonstrated that inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) slowed corneal epithelial migration. Here we examine the effect of EGF on transforming growth factor-beta receptor II (TGF-βRII) in a corneal wound-healing model and primary human corneal epithelial cells (pHCE). Corneal debridement wounds were made and allowed to heal ± Tyrphostin AG1478 (EGFR inhibitor), and assayed for EGFR activation and EGFR and TGF-βRII localization. Primary HCE were treated with EGF ± U0126 (MEK inhibitor) and assayed for TGF-βRII expression. EGFR activation was maximal 15 minutes after wounding and localized in the migrating epithelial cells. TGF-βRII localization was also observed in the migrating epithelium and was reduced when EGFR was blocked. When pHCE were treated with EGF for 6 hours, the cells produced enhanced levels of TGF-βRII, which was blocked by U0126. Downstream signaling pathways of MEK (p38MAPKand ERK1/2MAPK) were then examined, and TGF-β1 and EGF were found to have differential effects on the phosphorylation of p38 and ERK1/2, with TGF-β1 upregulating p-p38 but not pERK1/2 and EGF upregulating pERK1/2 but not p-p38. Taken together, these data indicate that EGF stimulates TGF-βRII through ERK1/2 and EGFR signaling, suggesting interplay between EGF- and TGF-β-signaling pathways during corneal wound repair.
Rapid nondestructive measurement of bacterial cultures with 3D interferometric imaging
Authors: Larimer Curtis , Brann Michelle R. , Powell Joshua D. , Marshall Matthew J. , Suter Jonathan D. , Addleman R. Shane
Published: May 2019

The agar culture plate has played a crucial role in bacteriology since the origins of the discipline and is a staple bioanalytical method for efforts ranging from research to standard clinical diagnostic tests. However, plating, inoculating, and waiting for microbes to develop colonies that are visible is time-consuming. In this work, we demonstrate white-light interferometry (WLI) as a practical tool for accelerated and improved measurement of bacterial cultures. High resolution WLI surface profile imaging was used for nondestructive characterization and counting of bacterial colonies on agar before they became visible to the naked eye. The three-dimensional (3D) morphology of Gram-negative (Pseudomonas fluorescens) and Gram-positive (Bacillus thuringiensis) bacterial species were monitored with WLI over time by collecting surface profiles of colonies on agar plates with high vertical resolution (3–5 nanometers) and large field of view (3–5 mm). This unique combination of sensitive vertical resolution and large field of view uniquely provided by WLI enables measurement of colony morphologies and nondestructive monitoring of hundreds of microcolonies. Individual bacteria were imaged within the first few hours after plating and colonies were accurately counted with results comparing favorably to counts made by traditional methods that require much longer wait times. Nondestructive imaging was used to track single cells multiplying into small colonies and the volume changes over time in these colonies were used to measure their growth rates. Based on the results herein, bioimaging with WLI was demonstrated as a novel rapid bacterial culture assay with several advantageous capabilities. Fast nondestructive counting of colony-forming units in a culture and simultaneous measurement of bacterial growth rates and colony morphology with this method may be beneficial in research and clinical applications where current methods are either too slow or are destructive.
Female-specific decreases in alcohol binge-like drinking resulting from GABAA receptor delta-subunit knockdown in the VTA
Authors: Darnieder L. M. , Melón L. C. , Do T. , Walton N. L. , Miczek K. A. , Maguire J. L.
Published: May 2019

Binge drinking is short-term drinking that achieves blood alcohol levels of 0.08 g/dl or above. It exhibits well-established sex differences in GABAergic inhibitory neurotransmission, including extrasynaptic δ subunit-containing GABAA receptors (δ-GABAARs) that mediate tonic inhibition, or synaptic γ2-containing GABAARs which underlie fast, synaptic, phasic inhibition have been implicated in sex differences in binge drinking. Ovarian hormones regulate δ-GABAARs, further implicating these receptors in potential sex differences. Here, we explored the contribution of extrasynaptic δ-GABAARs to male and female binge-like drinking in a critical area of mesolimbic circuitry—the ventral tegmental area (VTA). Quantitative PCR revealed higher Gabrd transcript levels and larger tonic currents in the VTA of females compared to males. In contrast, male and female Gabrg2 transcript levels and measures of phasic inhibition were equivalent. Intra-VTA infusion of AAV-Cre-GFP in floxed Gabrd mice downregulated δ-GABAARs and decreased binge-like drinking in females. There was no significant difference in either male or female mice after GABAAR γ2 subunit reduction in the VTA following AAV-Cre-GFP infusion in floxed Gabrg2 mice. Collectively, these findings suggest sex differences and GABAAR subunit specificity in alcohol intake.
A novel anti Candida albicans drug screening system based on high-throughput microfluidic chips
Authors: Qiang Le , Guo Jing , Han Yingkuan , Jiang Jianfeng , Su Xiaowen , Liu Hong , Qi Qingguo , Han Lin
Published: May 2019

Due to the antibacterial resistance crisis, developing new antibacterials is of particular interest. In this study, we combined the antifungal drug amphotericin B with 50,520 different small molecule compounds obtained from the Chinese National Compound Library in an attempt to improve its efficacy against Candida albicans persister cells. To systematically study the antifungal effect of each compound, we utilized custom-designed high-throughput microfluidic chips. Our microfluidic chips contained microchannels ranging from 3 µm to 5 µm in width to allow Candida albicans cells to line up one-by-one to facilitate fluorescence-microscope viewing. After screening, we were left with 10 small molecule compounds that improved the antifungal effects of amphotericin B more than 30% against Candida albicans persister cells.
Long-range depth imaging using a single-photon detector array and non-local data fusion
Authors: Chan Susan , Halimi Abderrahim , Zhu Feng , Gyongy Istvan , Henderson Robert K. , Bowman Richard , McLaughlin Stephen , Buller Gerald S. , Leach Jonathan
Published: May 2019

The ability to measure and record high-resolution depth images at long stand-off distances is important for a wide range of applications, including connected and automotive vehicles, defense and security, and agriculture and mining. In LIDAR (light detection and ranging) applications, single-photon sensitive detection is an emerging approach, offering high sensitivity to light and picosecond temporal resolution, and consequently excellent surface-to-surface resolution. The use of large format CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor) single-photon detector arrays provides high spatial resolution and allows the timing information to be acquired simultaneously across many pixels. In this work, we combine state-of-the-art single-photon detector array technology with non-local data fusion to generate high resolution three-dimensional depth information of long-range targets. The system is based on a visible pulsed illumination system at a wavelength of 670 nm and a 240 × 320 array sensor, achieving sub-centimeter precision in all three spatial dimensions at a distance of 150 meters. The non-local data fusion combines information from an optical image with sparse sampling of the single-photon array data, providing accurate depth information at low signature regions of the target.
Efficacy of Recombinant Human BMP2 and PDGF-BB in Orofacial Bone Regeneration: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Li Feifei , Yu Fanyuan , Liao Xueyang , Wu Chenzhou , Wang Yitian , Li Chunjie , Lou Feng , Li Boer , Yin Bei , Wang Chenglin , Ye Ling
Published: May 2019

With the rapid development of tissue engineering therapies, there is a growing interest in the application of recombinant human growth factors (rhGFs) to regenerate human orofacial bones. However, despite reports of their ability to promote orofacial bone regeneration in animal experiments, their benefits in human clinical treatments remain unclear. Furthermore, the appropriate concentrations or indications of a specific rhGF remain ambiguous. Therefore it is essential to collect data from diverse clinical trials to evaluate their effects more precisely. Here we reviewed randomized clinical trials (RCT) that focused on the utilization of rhGFs in orofacial bone regeneration. Data from included studies were extracted, pooled and then quantitatively analyzed according to a pre-established protocol. Our results indicate that all current concentrations of rhBMP-2 produces insufficient effect on promoting either tooth extraction socket healing, sinus augmentation or reconstruction of alveolar clefts. However, 0.3 mg/ml rhPDGF-BB promotes the healing of tooth extraction sockets, though the effect does not reach a level of statistical significance. Summarily, we recommend concentrations of 0.3 mg/ml rhPDGF-BB only for the healing of tooth extraction sockets.
Contrasting methane emissions from upstream and downstream rivers and their associated subtropical reservoir in eastern China
Authors: Yang Le
Published: May 2019

Subtropical reservoirs are an important source of atmospheric methane (CH4). This study investigated the spatiotemporal variability of bubble and diffusive CH4 emissions from a subtropical reservoir, including its upstream and downstream rivers, in eastern China. There was no obvious seasonal variation in CH4 emissions from the main reservoir, which increased slightly from the first half year to the next half year. In the upstream river, CH4 emissions were low from February to June and fluctuated widely from July to January due to bubble activity. In the downstream river, CH4 emissions were lowest in February, which was possibly influenced by the low streamflow rate from the reservoir (275 m3 s−1) and a short period of mixing. There was spatial variability in CH4 emissions, where fluxes were highest from the upstream river (3.65 ± 3.24 mg CH4 m−2 h−1) and lowest from the main reservoir (0.082 ± 0.061 mg CH4 m−2 h−1), and emissions from the downstream river were 0.49 ± 0.20 mg CH4 m−2 h−1. Inflow rivers are hot spots in bubble CH4 emissions that should be examined using field-sampling strategies. This study will improve the accuracy of current and future estimations of CH4 emissions from hydroelectric systems and will help guide mitigation strategies for greenhouse gas emissions.
Neoplastic Transformation of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Mediated via LIN28B
Authors: Vishnubalaji Radhakrishnan , Elango Ramesh , Al-Toub Mashael , Manikandan Muthurangan , Al-Rikabi Ammar , Harkness Linda , Ditzel Nicholas , Atteya Muhammad , Hamam Rimi , Alfayez Musaad , Aldahmash Abdullah , Kassem Moustapha , Alajez Nehad M.
Published: May 2019

Bone marrow stromal (Mesenchymal) stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent bone cells capable of differentiating into mesoderm-type cells, such as osteoblasts and adipocytes. Existing evidence suggests that transformation of MSCs gives rise to sarcoma. In order to identify the molecular mechanism leading to spontaneous transformation of human bone marrow MSCs (hBMSCs), we performed comprehensive microRNA (miRNA) and mRNA profiling in the transformed hBMSC-Tum line compared to the parental clone. As a result, we identified multiple dysregulated molecular networks associated with the hBMSC transformed phenotype. LIN28B was upregulated 177.0-fold in hBMSC-Tum, which was associated with marked reduction in LET-7 expression and upregulated expression of its target HMGA2. Targeted depletion of LIN28B or exogenous expression of LET-7b suppressed hBMSC-Tum proliferation, colony formation, and migration. On the other hand, forced expression of LIN28B promoted malignant transformation of parental hBMSC cells as shown by enhanced in vitro colony formation, doxorubicin resistance, and in vivo tumor formation in immunocompromised mice. Analysis of LIN28B and HMGA2 expression levels in cohorts from The Cancer Genome Atlas sarcoma dataset revealed a strong inverse-relationship between elevated expression and overall survival (OS) in 260 patients (p = 0.005) and disease-free survival (DFS) in 231 patients (p = 0.02), suggesting LIN28B and HMGA2 are important regulators of sarcoma biology. Our results highlight an important role for the LIN28B/LET-7 axis in human sarcoma pathogenesis and suggest that the therapeutic targeting of LIN28B may be relevant for patients with sarcoma.
The identification of small molecule inhibitors of the plant inositol phosphorylceramide synthase which demonstrate herbicidal activity
Authors: Pinneh Elizabeth C. , Mina John G. , Stark Michael J. R. , Lindell Stephen D. , Luemmen Peter , Knight Marc R. , Steel Patrick G. , Denny Paul W.
Published: May 2019

Resistance to 157 different herbicides and 88% of known sites of action has been observed, with many weeds resistant to two or more modes. Coupled with tighter environmental regulation, this demonstrates the need to identify new modes of action and novel herbicides. The plant sphingolipid biosynthetic enzyme, inositol phosphorylceramide synthase (IPCS), has been identified as a novel, putative herbicide target. The non-mammalian nature of this enzyme offers the potential of discovering plant specific inhibitory compounds with minimal impact on animals and humans, perhaps leading to the development of new non-toxic herbicides. The best characterised and most highly expressed isoform of the enzyme in the model-dicot Arabidopsis, AtIPCS2, was formatted into a yeast-based assay which was then utilized to screen a proprietary library of over 11,000 compounds provided by Bayer AG. Hits from this screen were validated in a secondary in vitro enzyme assay. These studies led to the identification of a potent inhibitor that showed selectivity for AtIPCS2 over the yeast orthologue, and activity against Arabidopsis seedlings. This work highlighted the use of a yeast-based screening assay to discover herbicidal compounds and the status of the plant IPCS as a novel herbicidal target.
The diguanylate cyclase AdrA regulates flagellar biosynthesis in Pseudomonas fluorescens F113 through SadB
Authors: Muriel Candela , Blanco-Romero Esther , Trampari Eleftheria , Arrebola Eva , Durán David , Redondo-Nieto Miguel , Malone Jacob G. , Martín Marta , Rivilla Rafael
Published: May 2019

Flagellum mediated motility is an essential trait for rhizosphere colonization by pseudomonads. Flagella synthesis is a complex and energetically expensive process that is tightly regulated. In Pseudomonas fluorescens, the regulatory cascade starts with the master regulatory protein FleQ that is in turn regulated by environmental signals through the Gac/Rsm and SadB pathways, which converge in the sigma factor AlgU. AlgU is required for the expression of amrZ, encoding a FleQ repressor. AmrZ itself has been shown to modulate c-di-GMP levels through the control of many genes encoding enzymes implicated in c-di-GMP turnover. This cyclic nucleotide regulates flagellar function and besides, the master regulator of the flagellar synthesis signaling pathway, FleQ, has been shown to bind c-di-GMP. Here we show that AdrA, a diguanylate cyclase regulated by AmrZ participates in this signaling pathway. Epistasis analysis has shown that AdrA acts upstream of SadB, linking SadB with environmental signaling. We also show that SadB binds c-di-GMP with higher affinity than FleQ and propose that c-di-GMP produced by AdrA modulates flagella synthesis through SadB.
The Effects of Switching Non-Spatial Attention During Conversational Turn Taking
Authors: Lin Gaven , Carlile Simon
Published: May 2019

This study examined the effect of a change in target voice on word recall during a multi-talker conversation. Two experiments were conducted using matrix sentences to assess the cost of a single endogenous switch in non-spatial attention. Performance in a yes-no recognition task was significantly worse when a target voice changed compared to when it remained the same after a turn-taking gap. We observed a decrease in target hit rate and sensitivity, and an increase in masker confusion errors following a change in voice. These results highlight the cognitive demands of not only engaging attention on a new talker, but also of disengaging attention from a previous target voice. This shows that exposure to a voice can have a biasing effect on attention that persists well after a turn-taking gap. A second experiment showed that there was no change in switching performance using different talker combinations. This demonstrates that switching costs were consistent and did not depend on the degree of acoustic differences in target voice characteristics.
Induced androgenetic development in rainbow trout and transcriptome analysis of irradiated eggs
Authors: Ocalewicz Konrad , Gurgul Artur , Pawlina-Tyszko Klaudia , Szmatoła Tomasz , Jasielczuk Igor , Bugno-Poniewierska Monika , Dobosz Stefan
Published: May 2019

Ionizing radiation is administered to damage nuclear genome in fish eggs during induced androgenesis. In this study, we examined whether 350 Gy of X-ray applied to damage chromosomes in the rainbow trout eggs affects maternal RNA. Shortly after irradiation, we did not find any symptoms of RNA degradation in the treated eggs. Significant (p < 0.01) differences between non-irradiated and irradiated eggs concerned only a few transcripts including increased expression of immediate early response 2 (IER2) and early growth response 1 (EGR1) genes observed in the irradiated eggs. Both genes belong to the group of “immediate early genes” that respond quickly to the diverse extracellular stimuli. Elevated expression of these genes was accompanied by decreased level of ssa-miR-10b-5p and ssa-miR-21b-5p (p < 0.05), for which IER2 and EGR1 are target genes. The level of RNA in the fertilized irradiated eggs was highly significantly lower than in the non-irradiated eggs (p < 0.001) and in the unfertilized irradiated eggs (p < 0.0001). However, transcriptome profiles of fertilized non-irradiated eggs and fertilized irradiated eggs did not differ significantly. Thus, we assume that reduced abundance of mRNA in the fertilized irradiated eggs was associated with post-translational degradation and clearance of the maternal transcripts rather than from the irradiation of eggs.
Structural and biochemical characterization of Rv0187, an O-methyltransferase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Lee Sanghyun , Kang Jihoon , Kim Jungwook
Published: May 2019

Catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) is widely distributed in nature and installs a methyl group onto one of the vicinal hydroxyl groups of a catechol derivative. Enzymes belonging to this family require two cofactors for methyl transfer: S-adenosyl-l-methionine as a methyl donor and a divalent metal cation for regiospecific binding and activation of a substrate. We have determined two high-resolution crystal structures of Rv0187, one of three COMT paralogs from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, in the presence and absence of cofactors. The cofactor-bound structure clearly locates strontium ions and S-adenosyl-l-homocysteine in the active site, and together with the complementary structure of the ligand-free form, it suggests conformational dynamics induced by the binding of cofactors. Examination of in vitro activities revealed promiscuous substrate specificity and relaxed regioselectivity against various catechol-like compounds. Unexpectedly, mutation of the proposed catalytic lysine residue did not abolish activity but altered the overall landscape of regiospecific methylation.
Catalytic activity of a new Ru(ii) complex for the hydrogen transfer reaction of acetophenone andN-benzylideneaniline: synthesis, characterization and relativistic DFT approaches
Authors: Pérez-Zúñiga C. , Negrete-Vergara C. , Yáñez-S Mauricio , Aguirre Pedro , Zúñiga César A. , Cantero-López Plinio , Arratia-Pérez Ramiro , Moya Sergio A.
Published: May 2019

The synthesis and characterization of a new ruthenium(ii) complex containing a hemilabile P^N-ligand are reported.
An electrochemical sensor for the detection of p-nitrophenol based on a cyclodextrin-decorated gold nanoparticle–mesoporous carbon hybrid
Authors: Zhou Yongying , Zhao Jin , Li Shenghua , Guo Minjie , Fan Zhi
Published: May 2019

A novel electrochemical sensor based on a cyclodextrin-decorated gold nanoparticle–mesoporous carbon hybrid was constructed for the detection of p-nitrophenol.
A “self-accelerating endosomal escape” siRNA delivery nanosystem for significantly suppressing hyperplasia via blocking the ERK2 pathway
Authors: Gao Bin , Zhang Qiaoping , Wang Xiaoyu , Wang Meiyu , Ren Xiang-kui , Guo Jintang , Xia Shihai , Zhang Wencheng , Feng Yakai
Published: May 2019

Highly efficient ERK2 silencing in VSMCs via a “self-accelerating endosomal escape” siRNA transport nanosystem.
In situ bone regeneration enabled by a biodegradable hybrid double-network hydrogel
Authors: Zhang Yuanhao , Chen Mingjiao , Tian Jia , Gu Ping , Cao Hongliang , Fan Xianqun , Zhang Weian
Published: May 2019

The biodegradable hybrid double-network hydrogel for stem cell-enhanced bone regeneration.
From lithium to sodium: design of heterometallic molecular precursors for the NaMO2 cathode materials
Authors: Han Haixiang , Zhou Zheng , Carozza Jesse C. , Lengyel Jeff , Yao Yuan , Wei Zheng , Dikarev Evgeny V.
Published: May 2019

Based on the Li2M2L6 model structure, an addition of extra neutral donor ligand enables the formation of Na2M2L6(THF)2 molecular precursors for the NaMO2 oxide cathode materials.
Electron spin density matching for cross-effect dynamic nuclear polarization
Authors: Li Yuanxin , Equbal Asif , Tagami Kan , Han Songi
Published: May 2019

A new design principle for a mixed broad (TEMPO) and narrow (Trityl) line radical to boost the dynamic nuclear polarization efficiency is electron spin density matching, suggesting a polarizing agent of one Trityl tethered to at least two TEMPO moieties.
High-pressure and high-temperature treatment of N-rich B-doped diamonds
Authors: Miao Xinyuan , Chen Liangchao , Ma Hongan , Fang Chao , Guo Longsuo , Wang Zhanke , Yang Zhiqiang , Zhao Zhandong , Jia Xiaopeng
Published: May 2019

N-rich B-doped single crystal diamonds with different boron additive contents were annealed in conditions of 2.5 GPa and 2300 K.
Structural evolution of calcia during calcium deoxidation in Fe–O–Ca melt
Authors: Xiao Yuanyou , Lei Hong , Zhang Hongwei , Wang Guocheng , Wang Qi , Jin Wei
Published: May 2019

Calcia clusters are the intermediate products of the crystallization for bulk calcia inclusions during Ca-deoxidation process.
Structure and dynamics of gold nanoparticles decorated with chitosan–gentamicin conjugates: ReaxFF molecular dynamics simulations to disclose drug delivery
Authors: Monti Susanna , Jose Jiya , Sahajan Athira , Kalarikkal Nandakumar , Thomas Sabu
Published: May 2019

Functionalized gold nanoparticles for antibiotic drug delivery: from the nanoscale to the atomic scale.
Reactivity of the carbodiphosphorane, (Ph3P)2C, towards main group metal alkyl compounds: coordination and cyclometalation
Authors: Quinlivan Patrick J. , Shlian Daniel G. , Amemiya Erika , Parkin Gerard
Published: May 2019

The zerovalent carbodiphosphorane, (Ph3P)2C, reacts with Me3Al and Me3Ga to afford the adducts, [(Ph3P)2C]MMe3(M = Al, Ga), whereas Me2Zn and Me2Mg react to afford mononuclear and dinuclear cyclometalated derivatives.
Simple NMR predictors of catalytic hydrogenation activity for [Rh(cod)Cl(NHC)] complexes featuring fluorinated NHC ligands
Authors: Jamil Mohamad Shazwan Shah , Alkaabi Sultan , Brisdon Alan K.
Published: May 2019

13C and 77Se NMR parameters for fluorinated NHC ligand precursors provide simple measures of the catalytic transfer-hydrogenation reactivity of the corresponding [Rh(cod)Cl(NHC)] complexes.
Luminescent iridium(iii) complexes of N-heterocyclic carbene ligands prepared using the ‘click reaction’
Authors: Karmis Rebecca E. , Carrara Serena , Baxter Amy A. , Hogan Conor F. , Hulett Mark D. , Barnard Peter J.
Published: May 2019

Luminescent and electrochemiluminescent N-heterocyclic carbene-combined 1,2,3-triazole and 1,2,3-triazolylidene Ir(iii) complexes have been prepared and their potential as luminescent probes in cell imaging has been evaluated.
The crystal structure of [Mg(dmso)6][BPh4]2and the formation mechanism of the conformer on the basis of conformational analysis
Authors: Sakiyama Hiroshi , Shomura Kaoru , Ito Misaki , Waki Katsushi , Yamasaki Mikio
Published: May 2019

The crystal structure of a new magnesium(ii) complex, [Mg(dmso)6][BPh4]2(1) (dmso: dimethylsulfoxide), was determined, and the reason for the observed structure was clarified by conformational analysis.
Closing the gap – inclusion of ultrashort-chain perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids in the total oxidizable precursor (TOP) assay protocol
Authors: Janda Joachim , Nödler Karsten , Scheurer Marco , Happel Oliver , Nürenberg Gudrun , Zwiener Christian , Lange Frank Thomas
Published: May 2019

A novel selective solid–liquid extraction of PFASs from oxidized batches of the total oxidizable precursor (TOP) assay enables a complete mass balance by inclusion of ultrashort-chain PFASs.
Mechanistic insights into stress response and metabolic activity resilience ofNitrosomonas europaeacultures to long-term CeO2nanoparticle exposure
Authors: Wu Junkang , Zhan Manjun , Chang Yan , Gao Huan , Ye Jinyu , Yu Ran , Ding Zhen
Published: May 2019

A nano-CeO2impaired ammonia oxidizer displayed stress tolerance and recovery capacities at the physiological, metabolic and transcriptional levels.
A quantitative nanoparticle extraction method for microsecond time resolved single-particle ICP-MS data in the presence of a high background
Authors: Mozhayeva Darya , Engelhard Carsten
Published: May 2019

A new method for the quantification of dissolved ions and nanoparticles in mixtures with SP-ICP-MS with microsecond time resolution.
Self-aligning Tetris-Like (TILE) modular microfluidic platform for mimicking multi-organ interactions
Authors: Ong Louis Jun Ye , Ching Terry , Chong Lor Huai , Arora Seep , Li Huan , Hashimoto Michinao , DasGupta Ramanuj , Yuen Po Ki , Toh Yi-Chin
Published: May 2019

Modular multi-organ perfusion systems offer the unique opportunity to customize different physiological systemic interactions.
Dimers of glutaredoxin 2 as mitochondrial redox sensors in selenite-induced oxidative stress
Authors: Scalcon Valeria , Tonolo Federica , Folda Alessandra , Bindoli Alberto , Rigobello Maria Pia
Published: May 2019

Glutaredoxin 2 (Grx2) has been previously shown to link thioredoxin and glutathione systems receiving reducing equivalents by both thioredoxin reductase and glutathione. Grx2 catalyzes protein glutathionylation/de-glutathionylation and can coordinate an iron–sulfur cluster, forming inactive dimers stabilized by two molecules of glutathione. This protein is mainly located in the mitochondrial matrix, though other isoforms have been found in the cytosolic and nuclear cell compartments. In the present study, we have analyzed the monomeric and dimeric states of Grx2 under different redox conditions in HeLa cells, and sodium selenite was utilized as the principal oxidizing agent. After selenite treatment, an increased glutathione oxidation was associated to Grx2 monomerization and activation, specifically in the mitochondrial compartment. Interestingly, in mitochondria, a large decline of thioredoxin reductase activity was also observed concomitantly to Grx2 activity stimulation. In addition, Grx2 monomerization led to an increase free iron ions concentration in the mitochondrial matrix, induction of lipid peroxidation and decrease of the mitochondrial membrane potential, indicating that the disassembly of Grx2 dimer involved the release of the iron–sulfur cluster in the mitochondrial matrix. Moreover, sodium selenite-triggered lipid and protein oxidation was partially prevented by deferiprone, an iron chelator with mitochondriotropic properties, suggesting a role of the iron–sulfur cluster release in the observed impairment of mitochondrial functions. Thus, by sensing the overall cellular redox conditions, mitochondrial Grx2 dimers become active monomers upon oxidative stress induced by sodium selenite with the consequent release of the iron–sulfur cluster, leading to activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway.
Post-modified porphyrin imine gels with improved chemical stability and efficient heterogeneous activity in CO2 transformation
Authors: Liao Peisen , Cai Guangmei , Shi Jianying , Zhang Jianyong
Published: May 2019

Gel catalysts have been developed based on dynamic covalent chemistry and post-modification methods for improved chemical stability and catalytic activity.
How non-bonding domains affect the active assembly of microtubule spools
Authors: Martinez Haneen , VanDelinder Virginia , Imam Zachary I. , Spoerke Erik D. , Bachand George D.
Published: May 2019

We describe the autonomous removal of non-bonding domains during motor-driven assembly of microtubule spools.
Flexible plasmonic modulators induced by the thermomechanical effect
Authors: Zou Qiushun , Liu Wenjie , Shen Yang , Jin Chongjun
Published: May 2019

In a reconfigurable flexible plasmonic modulator, the gap between the gold nanowires is widen by local expansion of PDMS substrate caused by current-induced local Joule heat, leading to a strength change of plasmon resonance.
Selectfluor-promoted regioselective chlorination/bromination of 2-aminopyridines and 2-aminodiazines using LiCl/LiBr
Authors: Hu Jiao , Zhou Gang , Tian Yawei , Zhao Xiaoming
Published: May 2019

Using LiCl/LiBr, Selectfluor-promoted chlorination/bromination of 2-aminopyridines and 2-aminodiazines is established, producing the corresponding products with high regioselectivity.
Visible light triggered photo-decomposition of vinyl azides to (E)-stilbene derivatives via 1,2-acyl migration
Authors: Borra Satheesh , Borkotoky Lodsna , Newar Uma Devi , Kalwar Anshu , Das Babulal , Maurya Ram Awatar
Published: May 2019

Photo-decomposition of vinyl azides into corresponding (E)-stilbenes via neighboring amino group assisted ring opening of 2H-azirines, 1,2-acyl migration and enolization.
Enzymatic synthesis of N-acetyllactosamine from lactose enabled by recombinant β1,4-galactosyltransferases
Authors: Huang Kun , Parmeggiani Fabio , Ledru Helene , Hollingsworth Kristian , Mas Pons Jordi , Marchesi Andrea , Both Peter , Mattey Ashley P. , Pallister Edward , Bulmer Gregory S. , van Munster Jolanda M. , Turnbull W. Bruce , Galan M. Carmen , Flitsch Sabine L.
Published: May 2019

Synthesis of LacNAc with reversible GalTs.
Tailoring the degradation and mechanical properties of poly(ε-caprolactone) incorporating functional ε-caprolactone-based copolymers
Authors: Xu Mi , Guo Cuili , Dou Haozhen , Zuo Yi , Sun Yawei , Zhang Jinli , Li Wei
Published: May 2019

Functional block copolymers (COPs) were synthesized through the ring-opening polymerization, and the effects of COPs on the hydrolytic & oxidative degradation and mechanical properties of PCL/COP composites were studied.
Low length dispersity fiber-like micelles from an A–B–A triblock copolymer with terminal crystallizable poly(ferrocenyldimethylsilane) segments via living crystallization-driven self-assembly
Authors: Zhang Qiwei , He Yunxiang , Oliver Alex M. , Pearce Samuel , Harniman Robert L. , Whittell George R. , Liu Yanju , Du Shanyi , Leng Jinsong , Manners Ian
Published: May 2019

Uniform cylindrical micelles with coronas in a looped configuration have been prepared.
The functionalization of poly(ε-caprolactone) as a versatile platform using ε-(α-phenylseleno) caprolactone as a monomer
Authors: Wu Jin'an , Ding Chunlai , Xing Dong , Zhang Zhengbiao , Huang Xiaofei , Zhu Xiulin , Pan Xiangqiang , Zhu Jian
Published: May 2019

This paper describes a novel ε-caprolactone monomer modified by a phenylseleno group at the α-position of the carbonyl.
Versatile functionalization of polymer nanoparticles with carbonate groups via hydroxyurethane linkages
Authors: Yadav Neha , Seidi Farzad , Del Gobbo Silvano , D'Elia Valerio , Crespy Daniel
Published: May 2019

Synthesis of polymer nanoparticles bearing pendant cyclic carbonate moieties is carried out to explore their potential as versatile supports for biomedical applications and catalysis.
Consecutive HDDA and TDDA reactions of silicon-tethered tetraynes for the synthesis of dibenzosilole-fused polycyclic compounds and their unique reactivity
Authors: Mitake Akihito , Nagai Rikako , Sekine Ayato , Takano Hideaki , Sugimura Natsuhiko , Kanyiva Kyalo Stephen , Shibata Takanori
Published: May 2019

Silicon-tethered tetraynes with a 1,3-diyne moiety underwent consecutive hexadehydro- and tetradehydro-Diels–Alder reactions to give fused polycyclic aromatic compounds.
Stereoisomerism of stapled peptide inhibitors of the p53-Mdm2 interaction: an assessment of synthetic strategies and activity profiles
Authors: Yuen Tsz Ying , Brown Christopher J. , Xue Yuezhen , Tan Yaw Sing , Ferrer Gago Fernando J. , Lee Xue Er , Neo Jin Yong , Thean Dawn , Kaan Hung Yi Kristal , Partridge Anthony W. , Verma Chandra S. , Lane David P. , Johannes Charles W.
Published: May 2019

Staple composition can influence target binding and bioactivity of peptides. We present strategies to modulateE/Zratios and access saturated analogues.
Formation of an imidazoliumyl-substituted [(LC)4P4]4+tetracation and transition metal mediated fragmentation and insertion reaction (LC= NHC)
Authors: Schwedtmann Kai , Haberstroh Jan , Roediger Sven , Bauzá Antonio , Frontera Antonio , Hennersdorf Felix , Weigand Jan J.
Published: May 2019

Tetracationic cyclo-tetraphosphane [(LC)4P4]4+as triflate salt (LC= 4,5-dimethyl-1,3-diisopropyl-imidazol-2-yl) is obtained from the reduction of [LCPCl2]+with 1,4-bis(trimethylsilyl)-1,4-dihydropyrazine and represents the first salt of the cationic cyclo-phosphane series with the general formula [LnPn]n+.
Developing two-dimensional solid superacids with enhanced mass transport, extremely high acid strength and superior catalytic performance
Authors: Liu Fujian , Yi Xianfeng , Chen Wei , Liu Zhiqiang , Chen Wei , Qi Chen-Ze , Song Yu-Fei , Zheng Anmin
Published: May 2019

2D hybrid solid superacids with extremely high acid strength and outstanding mass transfer properties were prepared and exhibit superior activities for biomass conversion.
Unusual crowding-induced chain looping kinetics in hard-sphere fluids: a contrastive study with polymer solutions
Authors: Bian Yukun , Yan Ran , Li Peng , Zhao Nanrong
Published: May 2019

A theoretical framework is developed to investigate the looping kinetics of a chain in hard-sphere (HS) fluids, based on a generalized Smoluchowski diffusion-reaction equation.
Molecular packing of surface active ionic liquids in a deep eutectic solvent: a small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) study
Authors: Li Qintang , Tong Kun , Qiu Juan , Yan Minhao , Tian Qiang , Chen Xiao , Yue Xiu
Published: May 2019

Surface active ionic liquids CnmimBr of different chain lengths would self-assemble into different aggregates in a deep eutectic solvent ChG.
High strength hydrogels with multiple shape-memory ability based on hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions
Authors: Jing Houchao , He Lin , Feng Jinyang , Fu Hai , Guan Shuang , Guo Peipei
Published: May 2019

High strength hydrogels with programmable shape-memory and notch insensitive abilities.
Mesoporous carbon sheets embedded with vesicles for enhanced supercapacitor performance
Authors: Du Juan , Chen Aibing , Yu Yifeng , Zhang Yue , Lv Haijun , Liu Lei
Published: May 2019

Mesoporous carbon nanosheets embedded with vesicle structures exhibiting an outstanding performance in supercapacitors were prepared by a simple synergetic assembly strategy using iron(iii) nitrate as the catalytically active center.
In situ fabricated nickel vanadate/N-doped reduced graphene oxide hybrid as an advanced electrocatalyst in alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Karmakar Ayon , Srivastava Suneel Kumar
Published: May 2019

Uniform distribution of Ni3V2O8 nanoparticles over N-doped RGO in a hybrid nanostructure demonstrates efficient and durable electrocatalytic alkaline hydrogen evolution activity with a low overpotential (η10) of 43 mV.
Ca1−xSrxRuO3 perovskite at the metal–insulator boundary as a highly active oxygen evolution catalyst
Authors: Hirai Shigeto , Ohno Tomoya , Uemura Ren , Maruyama Takahiro , Furunaka Masaya , Fukunaga Ryo , Chen Wei-Tin , Suzuki Hisao , Matsuda Takeshi , Yagi Shunsuke
Published: May 2019

The OER activity of Ca1−xSrxRuO3 is remarkably enhanced at the metal–insulator boundary by the strong electron–electron correlation.
Nanosheets assembled into nickel sulfide nanospheres with enriched Ni3+ active sites for efficient water-splitting and zinc–air batteries
Authors: Shi Xiangkai , Ling Xiaofei , Li Lanlan , Zhong Cheng , Deng Yida , Han Xiaopeng , Hu Wenbin
Published: May 2019

Nanosheets assembled into nickel sulfide nanospheres were synthesized in a controlled manner, and exhibited superior tri-functional activities owing to optimized binding with hydrogen/oxygen intermediates.
A soluble porous organic polymer for highly efficient organic-aqueous biphasic catalysis and convenient reuse of catalysts
Authors: Fu Hao-Xi , Zhang Zhi-Hao , Fan Wenhao , Wang Shuifeng , Liu Yan , Huang Mu-Hua
Published: May 2019

A novel soluble Azo-POP (named Azo-POP-7) was reported for the highly efficient organic-aqueous biphasic reduction reaction on 4-nitrophenol with good recyclability (12 cycles).
Modelling of swelling of PVA hydrogels considering non-ideal mixing behaviour of PVA and water
Authors: Daza Agudelo Jorge I. , Ramirez María R. , Henquin Eduardo R. , Rintoul Ignacio
Published: May 2019

PVA hydrogels behave as non-ideal mixture of water and polymers when increasing their crosslinking degree.
Microporous organic network nanoparticles for dual chemo-photodynamic cancer therapy
Authors: Kim Dong Wook , Kim Da Hye , Jang June Young , Ko Yoon-Joo , Lee Sang Moon , Kim Hae Jin , Na Kun , Son Seung Uk
Published: May 2019

DOX and Zn-PhT loaded MON nanoparticles show synergistic performance in dual chemo-photodynamic cancer therapy.
Inhibition of H1N1 influenza virus-induced apoptosis by selenium nanoparticles functionalized with arbidol through ROS-mediated signaling pathways
Authors: Li Yinghua , Lin Zhengfang , Gong Guifang , Guo Min , Xu Tiantian , Wang Changbing , Zhao Mingqi , Xia Yu , Tang Ying , Zhong Jiayu , Chen Yi , Hua Liang , Huang Yanqing , Zeng Fangling , Zhu Bing
Published: May 2019

As an effective antiviral agent, the clinical application of arbidol is limited by the appearance of drug-resistant viruses.
A new CaF2-YAG:Ce composite phosphor ceramic for high-power and high-color-rendering WLEDs
Authors: Gu Chi , Wang Xiao-Jun , Xia Chao , Li Shuxing , Liu Peng , Li Dongzhen , Li Huili , Zhou Guohong , Zhang Jian , Xie Rong-Jun
Published: May 2019

A new CaF2-YAG:Ce phosphor ceramic was fabricated at 700 °C, which shows excellent luminescence performance, and thus it is suitable for use in high-power WLEDs.
Qingyihuaji formula reverses gemcitabine resistant human pancreatic cancer through regulate lncRNA AB209630/miR-373/EphB2-NANOG signals
Authors: Chen Peng , Wang Meiying , Wang Cuiping
Published: May 2019

To investigate the possible mechanism of Qingyihuaji formula (QYHJ) for reversing gemcitabine (GEM) resistant human pancreatic cancer. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion were detected in CFPAC-1 cells. Xenograft mice established with CFPAC-1 through subcutaneous on 33 immunodeficient nude mice and randomly divided into four groups: vehicle, GEM (35 mg/kg), QYHJ (40 g/kg), and GEM + QYHJ (35 mg/kg + 40 g/kg) groups for 28-day treatment. Tumor growth and the mRNA expression of lncRNA AB209630, miR373, EphB2, and NANOG evaluated in dissected tumor tissue by real-time PCR, the CD133+ cancer stem cells were isolated by flow cytometer, and the changes of the tumor sphere forming were measured. QYHJ, especially the combination of GEM and QYHJ, was significantly inhibited the cell proliferation and migration of CFPAC-1 in vitro in the indicated times. The combination of GEM and QYHJ also remarkably promoted the cell apoptosis of CFPAC-1. QYHJ treatment effectively blocked the tumor growth in nude mice. QYHJ, especially GEM + QYHJ treatment, was significantly increased the mRNA expression of lncRNA AB209630, significantly decreased the mRNA levels of miR373, EphB2 and NANOG, and markedly reduced the tumor sphere formation and the numbers of CD133+ stem cells. In addition, GEM alone treatment had no significant effect in the above biomarker changes. QYHJ could effectivly enhance the antihuman pancreatic tumor activity of GEM, which may be through inhibiting pancreatic cancer stem cell differentiation by lncRNA AB209630/miR-373/EphB2-NANOG signaling pathway.
Psychometric Evaluation of the Bilingual English–Spanish Assessment Sentence Repetition Task for Clinical Decision Making
Authors: Fitton Lisa , Hoge Rachel , Petscher Yaacov , Wood Carla
Published: May 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this study was (a) to examine the underlying components or factor structure of the Bilingual English–Spanish Assessment (BESA;
Peña, Gutiérrez-Clellen, Iglesias, Goldstein, & Bedore, 2014
) sentence repetition task and (b) to examine the relationship between Spanish–English speaking children's sentence repetition and vocabulary performance.

Method

Participants were 291 Spanish–English speaking children in kindergarten and 1st grade. Item analyses were used to evaluate the underlying factor structure for each language version of the sentence repetition tasks of the BESA. The tasks were then examined in relation to a measure of English receptive vocabulary.

Results

Bifactor models, which include a single underlying general factor and multiple specific factors, provided the best overall model fit for both the Spanish and English versions of the task. There was no relation between children's overall Spanish sentence repetition performance and their English vocabulary. However, children's pronoun, noun phrase, and verb phrase item scores in Spanish significantly predicted their English vocabulary scores. For English sentence repetition, both children's overall performance and their specific performance on the noun phrase items were predictors of their English vocabulary scores. Follow-up analyses revealed that, for the purposes of clinical assessment, the BESA sentence repetition tasks can be considered essentially unidimensional, lending support to the current scoring structure of the test.

Conclusions

Study findings suggest that sentence repetition tasks can provide insight into Spanish–English speaking children's vocabulary skills in addition to their morphosyntactic skills when used on a broad research scale. From a clinical assessment perspective, results indicate that the sentence repetition task has strong internal validity and support to the use of this measure in clinical practice.
Stellar systems following the R1/m luminosity law
Authors: Baes Maarten , Ciotti Luca
Published: May 2019

The Sérsic or R1/m model has become the de facto standard model to describe the surface brightness profiles of early-type galaxies and the bulges of spiral galaxies. The photometric, intrinsic, and dynamical properties of this model have been investigated, but mainly for fairly large Sérsic indices m. For small values of m, appropriate for low-mass and dwarf ellipticals, a detailed investigation of these properties is still lacking. In this study, we used a combination of numerical and analytical techniques to investigate the Sérsic model over the entire range of Sérsic parameters, focussing on the small m regime, where a number of interesting and surprising properties are found. For all values m <  1, the model is characterised by a finite central luminosity density, and for m < 1/2, even a central depression in the luminosity density profile. This behaviour translates to the dynamical properties: we show that all Sérsic models with m ⩾ 1/2 can be supported by an isotropic velocity dispersion tensor, and that these isotropic models are stable to both radial and non-radial perturbations. The models with m < 1/2, on the other hand, cannot be supported by an isotropic velocity dispersion tensor.