bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Strategi Manajemen Dengan Metode SWOT Pada Radio Republik Indonesia Yogyakarta
Authors: Vidyarti Annisa , Endah Endah , Ahmad Fahrino , Suprihanto John
Published: February 2023

Radio merupakan salah satu media yang strategis dalam menyebarkan informasi secara massal kepada masyarakat luas dengan jangkauan yang sangat luas. Dalam sebagian besar catatan sejarah, peran radio tercatat sebagai salah satu alat dalam melakukan penyebaran peristiwa, propaganda maupun revolusi masyarakat. Belakangan ini, peran radio sedikit ditinggalkan dikarenakan persaingan di dalam media elektronik lainnya yang lebih populer, seperti televisi atau internet. Radio Republik Indonesia merupakan salah satu lembaga negara Republik Indonesia yang dihitung sebagai objek vital nasional dan jaringan radio pertama dan tertua di Indonesia. Tujuan diadakannya penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat, menggambarkan dan memberikan rekomendasi terkait dengan strategi manajemen pada Radio Republik Indonesia, khususnya di Yogyakarta. Metode penelitian ini adalah studi kasus dengan menggunakan analisis SWOT. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer. Sedangkan jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif. Teknik ini menggali informasi dengan menggunakan sumber data lebih dari satu sudut pandang, seperti jurnal, arsip, artikel dan lain-lain. Penelitian ini menggunakan Analisis Lingkungan Eksternal dan Analisis Lingkungan Internal dari Radio Republik Indonesia. Hasil yang diperoleh dari analisis lingkungan, analisis SWOT serta analisis strategi dari Radio Republik Indonesia adalah Radio Republik Indonesia sudah menyesuaikan perkembangan teknologi dan zaman. Dengan menawarkan berbagai macam saluran serta media dalam penyebaran informasi.
Characterization of lesions of the Breast by using diagnostic imagining Technique: Ultrasound Elastography
Authors:   Mardan Medical Complex, Hospital, Mardan, Baig Hina
Published: February 2023

Objective: To measure the diagnostic accuracy of Ultrasound Elastography in the differentiation of benign and malignant breast lesions from each other by simultaneously doing confirmation through histopathology of breast lesions. Study Design: Cross-Sectional study. Place and Duration: Department of Radiology, Mardan Medical Complex Hospital from June 1st, 2020 to December 1st, 2020. Methodology: Patients who presented with breast lumps were included. Patients with cystic breast lesions, those who had had surgery or chemotherapy, and those who had signs of infection were all excluded from the study. After Ultrasound elastography evaluation of lesion, the results were compared with the histopathology of the lesion post-operatively. The diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound elastography were analyzed. Results: The total f 165 women studies, with an average age of 45.4+10.5 years (range 34-56). The mean elastography value for benign lesions was 48.96kPa+42.32 and for malignant lesions was 132.78kPa+42.32 (P 0.001). Malignant lesions found on ultrasound elastography were 117 among 165 (71%) patients. Benign lesions of the breast were 48 among 165 patients (29%). When confirmed with histopathology, 122 patients (73.93%) were found to have malignant breast lesions in 165 patients while 43 had benign lesions (26.06%) which proved breast elastography has high diagnostic accuracy. The mean elastography value for benign lesions was 48.96kPa+42.32 and for malignant lesions was 132.78kPa+42.32 (P0.001). Conclusion: Breast elastography imaging method minimize the frequency of biopsies of breast lesions conducted by pathologists saving cost and decrease suffering of patients and high diagnostic accuracy for breast elastography was observed. Keywords: Breast, Benign Lesion, Malignant Lesion, Mammography, Ultrasound Ultrasonography, Histopathology How to Cite This: Baiq H, Begum T, Akram R, Haq MU, Afridi SQ. Characterization of lesions of the Breast using diagnostic imagining Technique Ultrasound Elastography. Isra Med J. 2022; 14(3): 117-120.DOI: https://doi.org/10.55282/imj.oa1315
obra de Leopoldo Alas Clarín, en sus "Obras"
Authors: Díaz Lage Santiago
Published: February 2023

El artículo comenta el último tomo de los doce que componen la colección de las obras de Leopoldo Alas Clarín, con un epistolario muy completo. Explica cómo se dividen en los doce libros las obras de Clarín. Cada uno tiene una introducción escrita por su editor o editores. Gracias a la lectura de los índices de los tomos se descubren curiosidades sobre el autor o su época, además de explicaciones de sus palabras, ya que Clarín era dado a ser muy sutil y expresarse de manera velada. Se ensalza la compilación de sus obras y al propio Alas y se plantea que toda su obra en conjunto, a veces fragmentada o inconclusa, es la verdadera obra de arte, y no solamente textos famosos como La Regenta.
“Menéndez Pelayo” y la Retórica de Ortega contra la Restauración
Authors: Bolado Gerardo
Published: February 2023

Este artículo estudia el papel que juega la figura y la obra de Menéndez Pelayo en los escritos de Ortega y Gasset, analizando los lugares de los mismos en que aparecen referencias explícitas e implícitas a aquél. Se concluye que “Menéndez Pelayo” es un tópico de desautorización que forma parte de la retórica del joven Ortega contra la Restauración, y del viejo Ortega contra la cultura nacional católica del primer Franquismo.
Hispanistas alemanes en torno a la Biblioteca de Menéndez Pelayo: El “Grupo de Santander” (1920-1931)
Authors: De la Hoz Regules Jerónimo
Published: February 2023

El “Grupo de Santander” fue la denominación que se dieron a sí mismos hispanistas germánicos, en su mayoría filólogos de la escuela de Hamburgo, que en los años veinte y atraídos por el prestigio de la Biblioteca de Menéndez Pelayo y de Miguel Artigas su bibliotecario, –que había estado becado por la JAE en Alemania–, frecuentan la capital montañesa y participan en los cursos de verano para extranjeros aportando alumnado y participando en actividades docentes y en conferencias. Analizamos la importancia de este grupo en el marco de la cultura santanderina de los años veinte.
De la autobiografía al diseño seudodialogístico. La insuficiencia explicativa del punto de vista único: el caso de Guzmán de Alfarache
Authors: Lucero Sánchez Ernesto
Published: February 2023

La autobiografía ha sido considerada tradicionalmente como el elemento formal básico de las novelas de la serie picaresca. En el presente trabajo pretendemos mostrar, desde un acercamiento a la obra fundamental del género y a los comentarios críticos que ha suscitado el Guzmán, algunas de las insuficiencias del modelo autobiográfico tal y como se viene concibiendo, así como su posible apertura a una estructura superior de raíz dialogística. En el centro, la discusión esencial acerca del punto de vista único, aunque dual, como pretendida panacea explicativa del conjunto de la obra.
Metastasio en España, entre traducciones y adaptaciones
Authors: Baldissera Andrea
Published: February 2023

El éxito europeo de los melodramas de Metastasio favorece, en la España ilustrada, la creación de una amplia variedad de textos literarios-teatrales: desde las tempranas traducciones literales hasta las refundiciones de fin de siglo (y de primeros del siglo XIX), pasando por una serie de niveles intermedios de traducción-adaptación. El fenómeno es conocido, y hasta ahora se ha estudiado sobre todo desde la perspectiva de la historia de las ideas, de los géneros o de las corrientes literarias. Para bien valorar la influencia del poeta y libretista italiano sobre el teatro español del siglo XVIII (musical y no musical), parece ahora necesario pasar a un análisis pormenorizado (filológico, lingüístico y estilístico) de las diferentes etapas (y maneras) de recepción e hispanización de las óperas metastasianas en la Península.
Galdós frente al discurso modernista de la modernidad. Por una lectura compleja del realismo
Authors: Oleza Joan
Published: February 2023

Se examina el clima de hostilidad estética hacia Galdós que emerge en los 60, consecuencia del dominio de la norma literaria por la triple alianza que configuran el neovanguardismo de novelistas exrealistas (J.Goytisolo), los novísimos, y J. Benet, que encarna la tradición del Modernism intenacional. Pero la consecuente exclusión del realismo y de Galdós del canon no podrían haberse producido por causas estrictamente internas a la práctica literaria española. Por encima de las corrientes dominantes en esta, opera el modelo científico de la Lingüística General, y el paradigma formalista-estructuralista semiótico que impuso en las disciplinas humanísticas de esta época. En un segundo momento se estudia cómo tras la Segunda Guerra Mundial se configura un discurso crítico sobre la Modernidad que, con su origen en los románticos alemanes y en la sociología de Max Weber, es elaborado de forma decisiva por la teoría crítica de Francfort (Adorno y Horkheimer) y reelaborado por el Postestructuralismo y por el primer Postmodernismo. Este discurso, al que denominamos el Discurso Modernista sobre la Modernidad, y que impone una norma estético-ideológica (simbolista-vanguardista) y un canon artístico-literario, es analizado a través de sus tesis fundamentales. Ello permite elaborar una crítica de ese discurso y relacionarla con el cambio de paradigma que se inicia en los años 80 del siglo XX (Habermas, Berman, Touraine, Barman, Foucault, relectura de Bajtin, Harvey…). Desde esa crítica es posible poner en cuestión la falsa e interesada homologación Modernidad cultural-Modernism estético y replicar la imagen construida por el discurso modernista de la Modernidad sobre la obra de Galdós, así como elaborar las bases de una visión distinta y más compleja del Realismo y del papel jugado por la estética realista en la construcción de la Modernidad.
faccioso más y algunos frailes menos": fin de una etapa
Authors: Cardona Rodolfo
Published: February 2023

El presente artículo repasa primero el trasfondo histórico del episodio y luego el momento histórico en que Galdós lo escribió para considerar su posición dentro de la producción novelística de nuestro autor. En este sentido, representa el final de una etapa y anuncia el comienzo de una nueva. El trasfondo histórico de este ultimo episodio de la Segunda Serie desemboca en el comienzo de la 1ª Guerra Carlista y, entonces, representa un comienzo y no un final. Al contrario de la 1ª Serie en la que lo histórico y lo personal encuentran un feliz desenlace, la 2ª Serie termina con una bifurcación en la que el asunto histórico termina mal y el ficticio tiene un feliz deselnace con el matrimonio de Salvador Monsalud y Sola. En el ámbito novelístico, Un faccioso más…, lejos de representar un final, anuncia una nueva modalidad narrativa en la que la influencia de Cervantes, tan presente en la 1ª Serie, es sustituida por la de Quevedo y casi anuncia una escritura esperpéntica que culminará en el ultimo episodio que Galdós escribió: Cánovas. Al final de Un faccioso más… Galdós asegura que ha llegado al final de una etapa y expresa su deseo de escribir novelas de tema actual. A partir de este episodio Galdós entra de lleno en el ámbito de los más destacados novelistas de su momento, no sólo en España sino en el mundo.
planteamiento teórico-metodológico de la Historia de la literatura española de Ángel Valbuena Prat
Authors: Martín Ezpeleta Antonio
Published: February 2023

Dentro de la reflexión sobre el pensamiento literario español del siglo XX, el estudio de las Historias literarias españolas ocupa un lugar muy relevante. En este caso proponemos el análisis de la importante Historia de la literatura española de Ángel Valbuena Prat (publicada por primera vez en 1937), concretamente, el examen de su planteamiento teórico-metodológico. Este combina una apuesta por la autonomía de la literatura, frente a la consuetudinaria supeditación de esta a la historia política de otros muchos manuales de la época, y su enriquecimiento con modernos tanteos comparatistas. Ambos procedimientos estructuran la Historia de la literatura española de Ángel Valbuena Prat y la dotan de gran originalidad y valor en el marco de la Historiografía literaria española.
«Cíñalo bronce o múrelo diamante» (Polifemo, 37, v294): una nueva propuesta de lectura
Authors: Bazán Óscar , Gutiérrez Carlos M.
Published: February 2023

Proponemos una nueva lectura para el verso del Polifemo “Cíñalo bronce o múrelo diamante” (37, v. 294). Según nuestra lectura, que parte de las Lecciones solemnes de Pellicer, este verso incorpora una doble alusión metafórica al pelo y al rostro de Galatea que no está recogida en las interpretaciones modernas del poema.
dos versiones de "Judas Macabeo", de Calderón de la Barca
Authors: Rodríguez-Gallego Fernando
Published: February 2023

En este artículo se analizan las dos versiones de la comedia de Calderón de la Barca Judas Macabeo, estrenada en 1623. La primera versión, todavía inédita, se conserva en dos manuscritos y la segunda es la publicada en 1637 en la Segunda parte de comedias de Calderón. Las diferencias entre ambas son de muy distinto grado y afectan a en torno un 40% de los versos de la obra.
Haz y envés del oficio de escritor cortesano: Lorenzo de las Llamosas, un perulero en Europa»
Authors: Zugasti Miguel
Published: February 2023

Estudio de la obra del peruano Lorenzo de las Llamosas, escritor cortesano que vivió a caballo entre los siglos XVII y XVIII, consagrando su pluma a los ocasionales encargos literarios (cantos encomiásticos, espectáculos teatrales) que le hacían diversos protectores o mecenas. Su carácter, en cambio, no era propenso al panegírico y decide arrinconar la pluma y probar fortuna como pedagogo y soldado. Al final tiene que retomar su actividad literaria para satisfacer las voluntades de ciertos poderosos.
Precisiones bibliográficas sobre la primera edición de "El Barón" de Leandro Fernández de Moratín
Authors: Deacon Philip
Published: February 2023

En la mayoría de los repertorios bibliográficos, la edición princeps de la comedia El Barón de Leandro Fernandez de Moratín consta como impresa en Madrid por Fermín Villalpando en 1803. Sin embargo, un examen cuidadoso de varios ejemplares registrados revela que hubo dos ediciones casi idénticas, una de las que intenta copiar a plana y renglón el formato de la otra. La segunda edición de 1803 es más descuidada y se aleja más del texto fijado por Moratín, del que sobrevive el original de imprenta en el Archivo Histórico Nacional de Madrid. Algunas de las grandes bibliotecas de impresos españoles, incluyendo la Biblioteca de Menéndez Pelayo, tienen ejemplares de las dos ediciones, y una consulta directa permite demostrar las diferencias entre las dos impresiones e identificar cuál sigue mejor la voluntad del autor y que por tanto tiene prioridad. El artículo estudia la primitiva historia textual impresa de El Barón y proporciona una lista de ejemplares pertenecientes a la primera y segunda edición de la obra conservados en varias grandes bibliotecas.
De prodigia, geografía penitencial y elocutio en la "Historia del virtuoso caballero Don Túngano"
Authors: Chas Aguión Antonio
Published: February 2023

En la Historia del virtuoso caballero don Túngano se nos ofrece un completo recorrido por la geografía del Más Allá: Purgatorio, Infierno y Paraíso; partiendo de un territorio conocido, el alma de Túngano se adentra en ese territorio desconocido para los receptores de la época, plagado de todo tipo de mirabilia, donde el alma contempla, fundamentalmente en su descensus ad inferos, todo un catálogo de castigos y sufre un proceso de reconversión que servirá, a su vuelta, para cumplir una función admonitoria y propagandística. En este trabajo se analiza la configuración elocutiva desplegada en la presentación de esa geografía escatológica.
Subjetividades latinoamericanas al borde de la modernidad. Entre el hombre de bien y el buen ciudadano
Authors: Unzueta Fernando
Published: February 2023

El artículo rastrea la representación del «hombre de bien» en los primeros relatos de vida (autobiografías, historias de vida o pseudobiografías literarias) mexicanos y latinoamericanos del siglo XIX.
De la metafísica a la lógica (sobre María Zambrano y Chantal Maillard)
Authors: Trueba Mira Virgina
Published: February 2023

Partiendo de la más importante propuesta con que, a partir de los años cuarenta del pasado siglo, María Zambrano (1904-1991) se suma a la historia del pensamiento contemporáneo, es decir, de la «razón poética», y atendiendo tanto a su dimensión ética como estética, me propongo en este trabajo analizar la huella de esta nueva forma de racionalidad en una de las poetas y pensadoras españolas actuales, Chantal Maillard (1951), buena conocedora de la obra zambraniana con la que desde fecha temprana entra en diálogo. Me interesan las similitudes pero más aún las diferencias entre ambas autoras que, a mi juicio, pueden entenderse como las que median entre un pensamiento moderno y un pensamiento posmoderno.
lírica de José Hierro o la musicalidad al compás del compromiso
Authors: Merlo Morat Philippe
Published: February 2023

La poesía de José Hierro es una verdadera partitura que se dirige a todo tipo de público, porque su poesía-música es a la vez popular y culta, oscila entre temas hondos, como el encierro y la muerte, que son las huellas de su vida, y un profundo compromiso que está presente a lo largo de toda la existencia del artista. La poesía-música de Hierro es también una partitura que tiene la peculiaridad de poseer un compás muy suyo de nueve pulsaciones, los versos eneasilábicos que utiliza Hierro como marca de su estilo. Además, el arte musical del poeta es inmenso, y traduce un buen conocimiento de la música, que incorpora a sus poemas, mostrándonos que sabe utilizar un sinfín de voces comparables con el arte polifónico coral que, por otra parte, se nutre de intertextualidad, de modernidad y de humor. Se trata, pues, de una verdadera sinfonía que nos propone José Hierro: sinfonía de luces y sonidos, «una poesía para los oídos» que desemboca en una lírica mística en su sentido más laico, es decir, en la búsqueda de algún sentido oculto en su poesía que sólo puede encontrarse en el silencio.
45 cartas de Pereda a Clarín: a vueltas con la literatura
Authors: Rubio Jiménez Jesús , Deaño Gamallo Antonio
Published: February 2023

En este artículo se dan a conocer 45 cartas de José María de Pereda a Leopoldo Alas Clarín. Estas cartas muestran el afecto que se profesaron con el tiempo. Y también su intercambio de ideas sobre la novela y el papel del escritor en la sociedad.
Paratexto y filología: por una edición crítica de los Triunfos de Antonio de Obregón
Authors: Valero Moreno Juan Miguel
Published: February 2023

El propósito de este artículo es mostrar la importancia que los paratextos (portadas, prólogos, dedicatorias, índices) tienen para la fijación de la tradición textual y las posibilidades de una edición crítica de la traducción de Antonio de Obregón de los Triunfos de Petrarca y del comentario de Bernardo de Ilicino a los Triunfos. Estos mismos paratextos, parte de los cuales se editan en apéndice (Dedicatoria y Vida de Petrarca) permiten, también, profundizar en el contexto histórico, literario y cultural en el que se compuso y difundió la traducción de Obregón, vinculada al Almirante de Castilla Fadrique Enríquez.
tordo, la abubilla y el ruiseñor: estampas de la guerra de la Spongia en "La Filomena" de Lope de Vega
Authors: González Barrera Julián
Published: February 2023

Uno de los últimos episodios de la controversia por la Spongia de Torres Rámila fue la publicación de La Filomena, donde Lope de Vega explica con sus propias palabras el origen, naturaleza y desenlace de esta polémica. Gracias a la reciente traducción de la Expostulatio Spongiae se han podido encontrar numerosos lugares comunes entre ambas obras. Unas coincidencias que demostrarían que Lope compuso La Filomena con el recuerdo aún fresco de esta controversia o incluso con el texto de la Expostulatio a mano.
poema inédito de Pedro Soto de Rojas: la Fábula de Alfeo y Aretusa
Authors: Navarro Durán Rosa
Published: February 2023

Gerardo Diego escribe en enero de 1920 un ensayo –que nunca se publicaría– sobre un poema manuscrito del siglo XVII, que lee y trascribe en la Biblioteca Menéndez y Pelayo, y que va a llamar Fábula de Alfeo y Aretusa. Gracias al cuidado exquisito de Elena Diego y los desvelos de Pureza Canelo, el artículo y la copia, digitalizados, regresan a su cuna: la biblioteca. La larga fábula mitológica (de más de 900 vv.), muy gongorina –como ya señaló Gerardo Diego–, es una silva con versos hermosísimos que indican que su autor es un gran poeta, admirador de Góngora: Pedro Soto de Rojas. En este artículo cuento esta curiosa historia, que ha tenido un final muy feliz, y esbozo, con algunas de las mucha pruebas posibles, la argumentación que permite demostrar con claridad que el poeta granadino es el autor de esta desconocida silva que narra líricamente la historia de Aretusa.
Paul Farmer: A Model for the Theologian
Authors: Ferrer Jorge
Published: February 2023

Paul Farmer was a physician, medical anthropologist, and social justice activist. Although influenced by theology of liberation, he was not a professional theologian. Nonetheless, this chapter presents Farmer as a model for the theological ethicist. He presents a dual form of modeling: analytical and praxical. His use of social analysis to uncover the structural causes of impoverishment and exclusion provides a model for the analysis that theological ethicists are called to articulate in an acutely divided and unfair world. Farmer’s modeling is not limited to the analytical or strictly scholarly dimension of the theologian’s work. The main thrust of both his life’s work and his modelling is praxical: a life committed to service, advocacy, and activism at the service of the impoverished. Famer undertook his intellectual work and social analysis within the broader context of an existential commitment to social transformation and justice. He was a paradigm of what Antonio Gramsci called an organic intellectual. The organic intellectual is actively engaged in the construction of a new society. As an organic intellectual, Farmer becomes a praxical model for the theologian. Neutrality is not an option for someone who aspires to a life of authenticity in the footsteps of Jesus.
Liberation Theology and Public Health Ethics: The Tradition Behind Paul Farmer
Authors: Martins Alexandre
Published: February 2023

This chapter approaches Paul Farmer’s work from the lens of liberation theology in public health, particularly the activism of liberation theologians for universal healthcare coverage in Brazil, stressing health care as a human right. This liberation approach in medicine precedes Paul Farmer’s work. The text presents experiences of liberating approach to health care developed in Brazil that began before Farmer’s activism and scholarship. The author argues that Farmer can be seen as part of this liberation perspective, that he incorporated in his medical service after his reading of earlier Latin American liberation theology’s material. Hence, he brought to the US context (and English readers) a liberation approach to medicine, also present in his public discourse and practice around the world, through his own voice/hands and the actions of the organization he co-founded, Partners In Health. Doing so, Farmer helped to expand the liberation approach to public health, offering a new pluralism that mediates the dialogue between the global and the local.
Part 3: Accompaniment
Authors: Block, OP Jennie Weiss , Lysaught M. Therese , Martins Alexandre A.
Published: February 2023

This introduction to Part 3: Accompaniment provides an overview of the section and brief descriptions of the following chapters: Chapter Nine, “From Amoris Laetitia to Ebola: Accompaniment as a Model for Medical and Pastoral Care,” by James Keenan, SJ; Chapter Ten, “Wasting Time with the World’s Poor: Theological and Scriptural Foundations for Paul Farmer’s Praxis of Accompaniment,” by Brian Volck; and Chapter Eleven, “Practicing Local Listening with Village Midwives in Sudan: A Case Study for Theological Ethics,” by Meghan Clark.
Wasting Time with the World’s Poor: Theological and Scriptural Foundations for Paul Farmer’s Praxis of Accompaniment
Authors: Volck Brian
Published: February 2023

In celebrating Paul Farmer’s many contributions to global health care, his praxis of accompaniment—sharing in the everyday experience of those he treated—is often overlooked. While Farmer saw hours spent in the company of the poor as key to pragmatic solidarity, conventional medical wisdom views unguarded closeness to patients as ill-advised, a waste of time. Farmer’s praxis is examined through the author’s own experience as a physician, then through the words of Paul Farmer, David Hilfiker, Gustavo Gutierrez, Roberto Goizueta, and Emmanuel Levinas, and finally through relevant passages from scripture. Drawing on the work of John Swinton, opposing views of Farmer’s praxis are seen as arising from irreconcilable ways of experiencing time: as a scarce resource to be used as efficiently as possible or as God’s gift to be given away. Farmer is presented as a doer of the word (James 1:22) whose insights on the proper use of time might inform health care professionals, theologians, and the Church.
A Prophet to the Peoples: Paul Farmer’s Witness and Theological Ethics (Complete Book)
Authors: Block, OP Jennie Weiss , Lysaught M. Therese , Martins Alexandre A.
Published: February 2023

The full manuscript of A Prophet to the Peoples: Paul Farmer’s Witness and Theological Ethics, edited by Jennie Weiss Block, OP, M. Therese Lysaught, and Alexandre A. Martins
Renal function estimation in critically ill newborns in Erbil
Authors:   MBChB Candidate of DCH, Xafur Hameed Abdul , Mohammed Lana Ahmed ,   Lecturer, paediatric department, college of medicine, Hawler medical university, MBChB, FICMS (ped).
Published: February 2023

Background and objectives: Acute kidney injury is a common in critically ill neonates all over the world, characterized by an acute decline in renal function, the result of which ranges from minimal alteration in serum creatinine to an a uric renal failure our objective is to estimate renal function and aetiologies of renal function deteriorated in critically ill neonates. Methods: This study was done in Rapareen teaching hospital in the neonatal care unit from the period of first January 2015 until first of January 2016. Two hundred cases collected including term and preterm babies, term baby defined as any labour 37 weeks, preterm labour defined as any labour between 28 weeks and 37 weeks. Results: The total number of the studied sample was 200 neonates. The mean age ± SD of the sample was 8.6 ± 9.9 days, ranging from one to 30 days. The median was 3 days. Two thirds 64.5% of the sample were less than seven days old. More than half 58.5% of the sample was males, and 57.5% of the neonates born by Cesarean section. Acute kidney injury was associated with significantly longer intensive care unit and hospital stay, making it a major burden on the healthcare system. Conclusions: Acute kidney injury in critically ill pediatric was more common in female neonate than males’ neonate; high blood urea was more common in female than in male. Lower age and cardiac disease were independent risk factors for acute kidney injury
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo; a Comparison between Particle Reposition Maneuver (Modified Epley›s Maneuver) and Medical Therapy
Authors:   FICMS, CABS, EBE (ORL-HNS), Assist. Professor & Consultant Otolaryngologist, Rizgary Teaching Hospital/ Otolaryngology Department, Hawler .Medical University- College of Medicine, E-mail: arsalan_shem@yahoo.com, Shem Arsalan Awlla Mustafa , Saeed Basil Mohammed Nather , Mohammed Tahir Islam ,   FICMS, Assist. Professor & Consultant Otolaryngologist, University of Mosul-College of Medicine/ Department of Surgery,   FICMS, Rizgary Teaching Hospital/ Otolaryngology Department, Directory of Health, Email: dr.iraqi1@gmail.com.
Published: February 2023

Background and objectives: paroxysmal positional vertigo is the most common disorder causing dizziness. Most of the studies confirm the effectiveness of particle reposition maneuver in the management of benign paroxys- mal positional vertigo but still many otologists recommending medical therapy for this disorder; therefore this study has been conducted to evaluate the effect of particle reposition maneuver versus medical therapy by Betahistine-HCl for treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. Methods: This prospective comparative study was conducted in Otolaryngology department at Rizgary hospital from January 2014 till December 2015. One hundred & fifty patients were selected randomly for either PRM or treatment by Betahistine-HCl as modalities for treatment of posterior canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. Results: The mean age of the patients was (54.56 ±11.160) years. The male to female ratio was 1:2. 60% of patients presented with previous history of vertigo, 30.5% of patients had an associated age related hearing loss. The number of patients, who responded to particle reposition maneuver, was 60 patients out of 72 patients with success rate of 83.3%. While the number of patients who responded to treatment by Betahis- tine-HCl and had negative Dix-Hallpike maneuver were 27 patients out of 70 patients with a success rate of 38.3%. Conclusions: The study confirms effectiveness of the particle reposition maneuver in the management of benign par- oxysmal positional vertigo, compared to medical therapy by Betahistine, which has inferior outcome in the treatment of BPPV. Betahistine-HCl may have a role when particle reposition maneuver fails or contraindicated.
Vitamin D status in type 1 diabetic children in Erbil city: a case-control study
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Pediatric department, College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University, MBChB, DCH, FIBMS (Ped), Zangana K,awes Omer Hamad , Abdullah Abdullah Najmuldeen ,   MBChB
Published: February 2023

Background and objectives: Worldwide clinical studies suggest a relationship between vitamin D deficiency in early life and the later onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus. The aim of the study was to find out the association between vi- tamin D and type one diabetes mellitus. Methods: A case-control study carried out in Erbil city-Kurdistan region over a period from January-June 2016. It included 50 cases of type 1 diabetes mellitus aged less than 16 years collected in Layla Qasim center of diabetes in Erbil and 50 non-diabetic children whom attended pediatrics hospital with their relatives. The study matched the age, gender and ethnicity of both groups. Their health status was assessed by BMI, school performance and investigating for vitamin D, alkaline phosphatase, HbA1C, Calcium and parathyroid hormone. Results: our study found that there is a highly significant difference between type 1 diabetic and healthy subjects regarding the level of vitamin D3 (P < 0.001). The mean age of diabetic patients and the control group were (9.48±4.4) years and (8±3.36) years consecutively. Most of the diabetic patients (62%) had vitamin D deficiency, (38%) were insufficient. While only (12%) of the control had vitamin D deficiency and (88%) were insufficient. Among diabetics also, there was highly significant, moderately negative correlation between age and the vitamin D level (rº= -0.369&P<0.008) as well as a similar significant, moderately negative correlation was evident between BMI and vitamin D level (rº= -0.347&P<0.014). A non-significant, mildly negative correlation is found between gly- cemic control and the level of vitamin D (rº= -0.104&P<0.474). The last significant mildly negative correlation was between vitamin D and PTH as (rº=- 0.285&P<0.045). Conclusions: the present study revealed markedly decreased level of vitamin D among T1DM patients compared to healthy children.
Dorzolamide Hydrochloride %2 and Timolol Maleate %0.5 FixedCombination in Lowering Intraocular Pressure after Phacoemulsification Cataract Surgery
Authors:   MBChB, Higher Diploma candidate, Makki Abdulrahman Alaa , Alnuaimy Ahmed Ismaeel , Joma Ahmed Kareem ,   Head of Ophthalmology Department, MBChB, PhD, (Ophth,   MBChB, FIBMS (Ophth), Alwan Eman Hussein ,   MBChB, FIBMS (Ophth)
Published: February 2023

Background and objectives: To evaluate the role of dorzolamide –timolol fixed combination in lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) after cataract surgery. Methods: The study included 94 eyes of 89 patients who underwent cataract surgery and intraocular lens implantation. Patients planed for phacoemulsification were assigned to 1 of 2 groups. The treatment group received 1 drop of dorzolamide-timolol fixed combination immediately after surgery, and the control group received no treatment. The IOP was measured preoperatively and at 6 hours and 24 hours post- operatively. Results: The mean IOP change was lower in the treatment group than in the control group at 6 hours postoperatively. The difference between the mean IOP a value of the two groups at 6 hours postoperatively was found to be statistically significant. Twenty-four hours after the surgery, the mean IOP change was still higher in the control group when compared to the treatment group. Conclusions: The fixed combination dorzolamide-timolol can effectively lower IOP after phacoemulsification cataract surgery.
Renal function estimation in critically ill newborns in Erbil
Authors:   MBChB Candidate of DCH, Xafur Hameed Abdul , Mohammed Lana Ahmed ,   Lecturer, paediatric department, college of medicine, Hawler medical university, MBChB, FICMS (ped).
Published: February 2023

Background and objectives: Acute kidney injury is a common in critically ill neonates all over the world, characterized by an acute decline in renal function, the result of which ranges from minimal alteration in serum creatinine to an a uric renal failure our objective is to estimate renal function and aetiologies of renal function deteriorated in critically ill neonates. Methods: This study was done in Rapareen teaching hospital in the neonatal care unit from the period of first January 2015 until first of January 2016. Two hundred cases collected including term and preterm babies, term baby defined as any labour 37 weeks, preterm labour defined as any labour between 28 weeks and 37 weeks. Results: The total number of the studied sample was 200 neonates. The mean age ± SD of the sample was 8.6 ± 9.9 days, ranging from one to 30 days. The median was 3 days. Two thirds 64.5% of the sample were less than seven days old. More than half 58.5% of the sample was males, and 57.5% of the neonates born by Cesarean section. Acute kidney injury was associated with significantly longer intensive care unit and hospital stay, making it a major burden on the healthcare system. Conclusions: Acute kidney injury in critically ill pediatric was more common in female neonate than males’ neonate; high blood urea was more common in female than in male. Lower age and cardiac disease were independent risk factors for acute kidney injury.
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo; a Comparison between Particle Reposition Maneuver (Modified Epley›s Maneuver) and Medical Therapy
Authors:   FICMS, CABS, EBE (ORL-HNS), Assist. Professor & Consultant Otolaryngologist, Rizgary Teaching Hospital/ Otolaryngology Department, Hawler .Medical University- College of Medicine,, Shem Arsalan Awlla Mustafa , Saeed Basil Mohammed Nather ,   FICMS, Assist. Professor & Consultant Otolaryngologist, University of Mosul-College of Medicine/ Department of Surgery, Mohammed Tahir Islam ,   FICMS, Rizgary Teaching Hospital/ Otolaryngology Department, Directory of Health
Published: February 2023

Background and objectives: paroxysmal positional vertigo is the most common disorder causing dizziness. Most of the studies confirm the effectiveness of particle reposition maneuver in the management of benign paroxys- mal positional vertigo but still many otologists recommending medical therapy for this disorder; therefore this study has been conducted to evaluate the effect of particle reposition maneuver versus medical therapy by Betahistine-HCl for treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. Methods: This prospective comparative study was conducted in Otolaryngology department at Rizgary hospital from January 2014 till December 2015. One hundred & fifty patients were selected randomly for either PRM or treatment by Betahistine-HCl as modalities for treatment of posterior canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. Results: The mean age of the patients was (54.56 ±11.160) years. The male to female ratio was 1:2. 60% of patients presented with previous history of vertigo, 30.5% of patients had an associated age related hearing loss. The number of patients, who responded to particle reposition maneuver, was 60 patients out of 72 patients with success rate of 83.3%. While the number of patients who responded to treatment by Betahis- tine-HCl and had negative Dix-Hallpike maneuver were 27 patients out of 70 patients with a success rate of 38.3%. Conclusions: The study confirms effectiveness of the particle reposition maneuver in the management of benign par- oxysmal positional vertigo, compared to medical therapy by Betahistine, which has inferior outcome in the treatment of BPPV. Betahistine-HCl may have a role when particle reposition maneuver fails or contraindicated.
Vitamin D status in type 1 diabetic children in Erbil city: a case-control study
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Pediatric department, College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University, MBChB, DCH, FIBMS (Ped), Zangana Kawes Omer Hamad , Abdullah Abdullah Najmuldeen ,   MBChB
Published: February 2023

Background and objectives: Worldwide clinical studies suggest a relationship between vitamin D deficiency in early life and the later onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus. The aim of the study was to find out the association between vitamin D and type one diabetes mellitus. Methods: A case-control study carried out in Erbil city-Kurdistan region over a period from January-June 2016. It included 50 cases of type 1 diabetes mellitus aged less than 16 years collected in Layla Qasim center of diabetes in Erbil and 50 non-diabetic children whom attended pediatrics hospital with their relatives. The study matched the age, gender and ethnicity of both groups. Their health status was assessed by BMI, school performance and investigating for vitamin D, alkaline phosphatase, HbA1C, Calcium and parathyroid hormone. Results: our study found that there is a highly significant difference between type 1 diabetic and healthy subjects regarding the level of vitamin D3 (P < 0.001). The mean age of diabetic patients and the control group were (9.48±4.4) years and (8±3.36) years consecutively. Most of the diabetic patients (62%) had vitamin D deficiency, (38%) were insufficient. While only (12%) of the control had vitamin D deficiency and (88%) were insufficient. Among diabetics also, there was highly significant, moderately negative correlation between age and the vitamin D level (rº= -0.369&P<0.008) as well as a similar significant, moderately negative correlation was evident between BMI and vitamin D level (rº= -0.347&P<0.014). A non-significant, mildly negative correlation is found between glycemic control and the level of vitamin D (rº= -0.104&P<0.474). The last significant mildly negative correlation was between vitamin D and PTH as (rº=- 0.285&P<0.045). Conclusions: the present study revealed markedly decreased level of vitamin D among T1DM patients compared to healthy children.
Multiple Sclerosis: Possible Role of Epstein-Barr virus in the Etiology and Relapses
Authors:   Assistant Lecturer in Medical Microbiology in Erbil medical technical institute/ Erbil Polytechnic University, Bakir Sevan Hassan , Rasoul Abdulrahman Aziz ,   Neurology specialist FIBMS (Neurology) lecturer in Kurdistan Board for medical specialties., Hamad Majeed Salih ,   Neurology lecturer in College of Medicine/ Hawler Medical University, Hussain Saaed Gulam ,   Assist. Professor in Immunology in College of Medicine/ Hawler Medical University
Published: February 2023

Background and objectives: Multiple Sclerosis is the most common inflammatory demyelinating and degenerative autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. The cause of multiple sclerosis is unknown but several viruses have been proposed as a trigger for multiple sclerosis and lately Epstein- Barr virus has been recently associated with the onset of multiple sclerosis we assess the relation between Epstein-Barr virus infection and multiple sclero- sis. We assess the relation between Epstein-Barr virus infection and multiple sclerosis. Methods: In present study we assess the Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen IgG antibody titer level by ELISA technique in both Multiple Sclerosis patients (n= 50) and healthy controls (n= 30). Results: The results of the present study demonstrated increasing mean titer of EBNA IgG antibodies in patients (21.32) comparing with healthy control (15.37) (P value= 0.003) with neither effect of gender nor age. This study demonstrates the statistically significant relation between new relapses and clinical presentations of multiple sclerosis relapses (P value 0.05) also demonstrated a significant difference be- tween different types of symptoms (P=0.0362) and EBNA IgG antibodies concentration while the EDSS and number of relapses had no significant differences.Conclusions: This study revealed the possible role of EBV during the course of multiple sclerosis an autoimmune disease via anti-EBNA IgG seropositivity that correlated with type of attack or relapse.
Prevalence and Risk factors of Major Depressive Disorder and Suicidal Attempts among Depressed Patients in Duhok City
Authors:   Psychiatrist, College of Medicine/University of Duhok, Yaseen Yousif Ali
Published: February 2023

Background and objectives: Major depressive disorder is a common and serious mental disorder. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors of major depressive disorder and to study the methods and risk factors of suicidal attempts among depressed patients. Methods: Through cross sectional study, (637) pa- tients were selected randomly among those who consulted out-patient psychiatric clinic in Azadi Teaching Hos- pital in Duhok City from July 2008 to July 2009. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders-Pa- tient Edition (SCID-I/P) was applied to diagnose patients with major depressive disorder. Results: The prevalence of major depressive disorder was 23.9%, it was more prevalent among females 67.7% (p<0.001), youngest age group 38.2% (p<0.001), married 59.2% (p<0.001) and those who had < 6 children 64.6% (p=0.021) with statis- tically significant association. The prevalence of suicidal attempt among depressed patients was 12.5%, it was more common in females 89.5% (p=0.035) and youngest age group (p=0.047) with significant association. The commonest method of suicidal attempt was drug ingestion 68.4%, whole cases were female, while only 10.2% of males attempted suicide and they used gun. Conclusions: The prevalence of major depressive disorder ap- peared high; the risk factors included female, young, housewives and those who had fewer children (<6). The prevalence of suicidal attempts among depressed patients appeared high too; female and young were only risk factors. Majority of the suicidal attempters were females and drug ingestion was the commonest method used.
Bismuth Iodoform Paraffin Paste [bipp] Wick versus Topical Levofloxacin Drops in Rapid Drying of Wet Ear in Tubotympainic Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media
Authors:   Ass. Professor, College of Medicine/ Hawler Medical University, Consultant Otolaryngologists, Rizgary Teaching Hospital., Al Jaff Said Mustafa Said
Published: February 2023

Background and objectives: Topical ear drops have been the mainstay in the medical management of actively discharging chronic suppurative otitis media with central perforation. Bismuth Iodoform Paraffin Paste has been used over the past 30 years for various clinical purposes on skin and mucosa without any serious local or systemic adverse effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate if Bismuth Iodoform Paraffin Paste can be used topically in the treatment of chronic superlative otitis media–tub tympanic disease and to compare it with Levofloxacin ear drops.Methods:Prospective comparative study was done in academic tertiary medical center and private clinic from March 2014 to March 2016. Sixty patients with chronic suppurative otitis media tub tympanic type were randomized into 2 groups. One group (30 patients) received Bismuth Iodoform Paraffin Paste wick after meticu- lous aural toilet by suction clearance and dry mopping with or without using microscope accordingly, while the other group (30 patients) received topical Levofloxacin ear drops. Results: Clinical improvement at the end of fourth day study was 90% in the BIPP group and 67% in the levoxacin group, and was 97%, 93% in BIPP, Levofloxacin group respectively, at the end of 10 day. The most commonly isolated organism was Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Conclusion: The results show that clinically, topical Bismuth Iodoform Paraffin Paste is more effective than topical levoxacin in this short time, besides; there is the benefit of low cost of therapy.
Differences in clinical and endocrine features between obese and non-obese women in polycystic ovarian syndrome
Authors:   Lecturer, College of medicine\OBGYN department, Hamadamen Awat Ibrahim , Hasan Zhyan Baker ,   Private Hawler Center for Infertility and IVF, Albazaz Jalal Abdullah Hasan ,   Diagnostic Radiologist, Erbil Teaching Hospital, Lak Rebaz Tahir ,   Lecturer, Kurdistan Board of Medical Specialties, Planning Department. Erbil-Iraq
Published: February 2023

Background and objectives: The polycystic ovary syndrome is one of the commonest endocrine disturbance affecting 5-8% of reproductive age women. It is a heterogenous disorder that mainly presents with features of hyperandro- genism and anovulation. These clinical features are further affected by body mass index at presentation. This study aimed to estimate the impact of obesity on the clinical features of polycystic ovary syndrome and to compare hor- monal and ultrasonography features between obese and non-obese polycystic ovary syndrome women.Methods: a cross-sectional comparative study carried on 230 infertile women with criteria of polycystic ovary syndrome attend- ing Private Hawler Centre for Infertility and in vitro fertilization, Erbil, Iraq, in the period between the 1st of October 2015 and the 1st of April 2016. Results: Out of 230 polycystic ovarian syndrome women, the BMI was 25 kg/m2 in 123 ladies (53.48%); 32 ladies 13.9% were overweight and 91 ladies 39.5% were obese. Obese polycystic ovary syndrome women had more sedentary life, more family history of polycystic ovary syndrome and associated with higher miscarriage rate. Amenorrhea and oligomenorrhoea were found more frequently in obese women 24.4% and 62.6% respectively than non-obese polycystic ovary syndrome women 21.5% and 53.3%. Conclusions: Obesity has a significant impact on the appearance of clinical features of polycystic ovary syndrome among infertile women, signs of hyperandrogenism, maximum ovarian volume and mean serum level of hormones including luteinizing hormone, progesterone and testosterone were significantly more reported in obese than non-obese polycystic ovary syndrome women.