bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does Recruitment Develop a Corporate Image to Attract Talented Candidates for Hiring in Bangladesh?
Authors: Afroze Rumana
Published: July 2018

Recruitment is one of the major functions of Human Resource Management (HRM) which is the process of attracting qualified candidates. Recruitment depends on some factors like recruitment cost, budget and sources of recruitment, etc. This study finds out how job advertisement and other recruitment methods develop corporate image and then it reveals how developed corporate image influence, talented candidates, to apply for the job. This study is a predominantly qualitative nature and presents study findings through the in-depth interview methods. Purposive sampling has used for selecting respondents. Respondents are potential candidates like fresh graduates, final year students, new employees as well as expert HR personnel. The study found that most of the candidates prefer multinational companies as well as reputed local organization to join because of their positive images. Respondents believe that employees of these companies are getting more facilities, more advancement and higher pay and benefits. Moreover, talent candidates also get information about the company from different job advertisement. Organization tries to create an attractive job advertisement by mentioning some information like salary structure, facilities, benefits, working environment and so on. This information mainly influences the candidate’s intention for applying in the organizations. In addition to this, new organizations often prefer to participate in the job fair and different career seminar for creating a positive company image. Their target is to influence the talent candidates for applying in their organization.
Level of anxiety, depression, self-esteem and quality of life among the women with vaginitis
Authors: Uysal Gulsum , Arlıer Sefa , Cagli Fulya , Akkaya Hatice , Soyak Murat , Cıngıllıoglu Basak , Destegul Emre , Acmaz Gokhan
Published: July 2018

Background: Present aim is to evaluate anxiety, depression, quality of life and self-esteem in patients with vaginitis (not only specific to candidasis) and also to determine factors affecting vaginitis such as demographic, cultural and psychological causes.Methods: Each patient completed a self-administered questionnaire (Rosenberg’ Self-Esteem Scale, Short-Form 36, Quality of Life Scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory, and Beck Depression Inventory, Body Image Scale) and underwent a careful examination of the vulva and vagina. The cross-sectional study was carried out with two groups. The first group consisted of 107 women between the ages 18 and 45 years and had no physical disease but reccurrent vulvovaginitis (≥4 in a year).  The comparison control group consisted of 94 healthy (no vaginitis symptoms in 12 months) age matched volunteer participants.Results: Women with vaginitis had significantly higher anxiety and depression scores. There was no statistically significant difference in body image scale. Regarding type of marriage, arranged type was statistically significantly higher in vaginitis group while flirting type was statistically higher in control group. University school degree and income was statistically significantly lower in vaginitis group. Living residence as rent and vaginal douch was statistically significantly higher in vaginitis group.Conclusions: A better detailed history should be taken into consideration for personal stress sources and treatment support should be provided for patients with vaginitis. Not only gynecologists but also a multidisciplinary team should take part in the treatment and follow up of the patients to cope with recurrency even in non-specific vaginitis.
Gamma glutamyl transferase and lactate dehydrogenase as biochemical markers of severity of preeclampsia among Sudanese pregnant women
Authors: Elias Salih Ezzaldein Salih , Eltom Abdelgadir , Osman Ahmed L. , Babker Asaad MA.
Published: July 2018

Background: Preeclampsia is a disorder of widespread vascular endothelial malfunction and vasospasm that occurs after 20 weeks' gestation and can present as late as 4-6 weeks post-partum. Pre-eclampsia is a syndrome with multiple aetiologies which has made it difficult to develop adequate screening tests and treatments. Objective of this study to assess the level of gamma glutamyl transferase and lactate dehydrogenase as biochemical markers of severity of preeclampsia in Sudanese pregnant women.Methods: This is a case control hospitalize base study. The study was conducted in preeclamptic pregnant women in Omdurman maternity hospital and medical military hospital in Khartoum state. In this study glutamyl transferase and lactate de-hydrogenase was estimation in 100 Sudanese pregnant women by spectrophotometer method, 50 of them were diagnosed with preeclampsia 27 from this is severe preeclampsia and 23 is mild preeclampsia was matched in aged. Serum samples of all the cases were assayed for GGT and LDH. The data was recorded and analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPS –version 16) on programmed computer. The mean standard deviations of variable were calculated for both the test group and the control group and P value for comparison was obtained.Results: The mean values of plasma gamma glutamyl transferase in mild and severe preeclamptic pregnant women were insignificant difference when compared to control P value (0.346 - 0.089) respectively. The mean values of plasma lactate dehydrogenase in mild and severe preeclamptic pregnant women were significant increase when compared to control P value (0.008 - 0.001) respectively.Conclusions: The levels of LDH is raised in Sudanese pregnant women with hypertensive also can be useful biochemical marker that reflects the severity of and the occurrence of complications of pre-eclampsia. GGT levels were normal in Sudanese pregnant women with hypertensive preeclampsia.
Women's knowledge about risk factors, prevention and diagnostics of cervical precancerous changes at colposcopy clinic in Latvia
Authors: Ungure Anita , Žodžika Jana , Lietuviete Nellija , Rezeberga Dace , Šenfelde Ilva
Published: July 2018

Background: The incidence of cervical cancer in Latvia is one of the highest among European countries. An organized cervical cancer screening program in Latvia was introduced in 2009. Women’s knowledge and attitude regarding cervical cancer is the key component for successful prevention of this disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate women’s knowledge about the risk factors, prevention and diagnostic methods of precancerous and invasive disease of the uterine cervix in the main colposcopy clinic in Latvia and to compare women's knowledge before and after their first colposcopy visit.Methods: This was a cross sectional study where 100 women were included while attending their first colposcopy visit at Colposcopy Clinic of Riga East Clinical University Hospital. Study was performed in the period September 2017 to November 2017. Exclusion criteria were colposcopy follow-up examination and pregnancy. The most common reason for a planned colposcopy was suspected precancerous changes during cytology testing.Results: The most common information resources regarding reproductive health were gynaecologist (79%) and mass media (51%). Women knowledge about the risk factors of cervical precancerous changes were as follows: 30% marked smoking and 26% - early onset of the first sexual intercourse. 31% of women knew that vaccination against HPV is an effective prevention. 53% of women considered cervical cytology and 52% - colposcopy as a diagnostic method for precancerous changes. Higher number of women evaluated their general knowledge as sufficient after the visit (10% vs. 30%, p<0.05), but only smoking as a risk factor was recognized significantly more often (30% vs. 42%, p<0.05).Conclusions: Although current study presented specific population of women attending Colposcopy clinic because of suspected precancerous disease, less than a half of women knew risk factors, prevention and diagnostics of these changes. Overall women were satisfied with information they received during their first colposcopy visit, but afterward only knowledge about smoking as a possible risk factor improved significantly. It is important to improve women's knowledge about the meaning of prevention methods in order to increase the awareness of cervical cancer in Latvia.
Can oral iron tablets be replaced by the intravenous iron sucrose in antenatal period? A new thought.
Authors: Tate Snehal S. , Shirsath Arti S. , Risbud Neelesh S.
Published: July 2018

Background: Anaemia is the commonest medical disorder that contributes significantly to maternal morbidity and mortality, preterm delivery, intrauterine growth restriction. Pregnant women are particularly vulnerable to anaemia because they have dual iron requirements both for their growth and growth of foetus. A high proportion of women in both industrialized and developing countries become anaemic during pregnancy. Intravenous iron therapy is safe convenient and effective than oral iron therapy in prevention of iron deficiency anaemia when compliance is the problem. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy, safety and acceptability of intravenous iron Vs oral iron in prevention of iron deficiency anaemia during pregnancy. The objective of the present research was to study the efficacy, safety and acceptability of oral iron (ferrous fumarate) versus intravenous iron (iron sucrose) for the prevention of iron deficiency anaemia during pregnancy.Methods: It was a prospective comparative case control study without blinding including 400 registered antenatal women in SKNMC and GH, Narhe, Pune. Results were based on collection and analysis of data from samples within study population.Results: There was no significant difference in mean haemoglobin rise between oral group and IV group but there is significant difference between mean ferritin levels between oral group and IV group. In IV group ferritin levels at 36 weeks were almost 1.8 times more than oral group. Acceptability and convenience of IV iron was significantly more than oral iron.Conclusions: Intravenous iron therapy in the form of three divided doses, one in each trimester can be safely used in the antenatal woman as an alternative to prophylactic iron tablets for prevention of iron deficiency anaemia especially in women who are non-compliant or does not tolerate oral iron tablets.
Comparative study of sonohysterosalpingography with hysterosalpingography for determination of tubal patency in infertile women
Authors: Kumari Renuka , Sahay Priti Bala
Published: July 2018

Background: Ever since the history of mankind, human infertility has been a source of personal misery and social stigma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the tubal factors of infertility, especially the tubal patency by SSG and HSG and study the advantages of both.Methods: The present work was undertaken in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Radiodiagnosis of Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi. 60 patients with primary or secondary infertility attending the OPD were selected over a period of 15 months (July 2008 to September 2009). Inclusion criteria: women of age 20-35 years with regular menstrual cycle whose male partners had no faults. Exclusion criteria: women with PID or other proven causes of infertility. All the patients were subjected to both SSG and HSG (interval period being 1 menstrual cycle) and the results compared in terms of tubal occlusion detection rate, detection of pelvic pathologies and complications of both the procedures.Results: Out of 60 cases, 70% (42) were of primary infertility and 30% (18) were of secondary infertility. History of reproductive tract infections was higher in secondary infertility group (44%). SSG appeared to be more sensitive in detection of tubal obstruction (35%) than HSG (30%), but the difference was statistically insignificant (p>0.05). HSG could locate the exact site of tubal obstruction which was not evident in SSG. SSG was more sensitive in detection of associated pelvic pathologies (p = 0.05) like ovarian cyst, endometriosis and fibroid uterus. However, HSG was better in diagnosis of genital tuberculosis. 20% of patients complained of pelvic pain, bleeding, infection or allergic reaction during or after HSG, while only 7% of patients reported the same with SSG. Thus, SSG was superior to HSG in this respect (p = 0.02).Conclusions: SSG, though not a substitute, can be used as an alternative to HSG for assessment of tubal factors of infertility.
Study on abnormal uterine bleeding among adult women in a tertiary care hospital in Bihar, India
Authors: Sinha Kajal , Gurung Prajnanika , Sinha Hemali H. , Bhadani Punam P.
Published: July 2018

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is the most common problem among patients coming to gynaecology outpatient department. There are various pathologies which can lead to AUB. History, blood investigations, ultrasonography, hysteroscopy and endometrial aspiration are the methods to rule out different causes. Later on, they are classified as per PALM-COEIN classification. It helps in better and successful management of AUB patients.Methods: It was a retrospective study done in Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department of AIIMS Patna from March 2014 to March 2016. A total of 272 cases were selected and data were collected in structured proforma on excel sheet.Results: The most common age-group presenting with AUB was 40 to 49 years of age (58%) and the most common histological pattern was secretory (47.7%).  Menorrhagia was found to be the most common problem in AUB patients (58.45%). As per PALM- COEIN classification, the most common type in our study was found to be AUB-E (26.8%). In a sub-set of patients, who underwent hysterectomy, histopathological samples were compared to endometrial samples which were similar in 81.6% cases.Conclusions: Incidence and pattern of AUB varies according to the age of the patient. It is more common in perimenopausal age-group. Classification of AUB as per PALM-COEIN helps in better understanding of disease and successful management of patients.
Congenital anomalies in fetus during pregnancy-predisposing factor and management in rural set up
Authors: Patil Sunil Somnath , Pardeshi Punam Bhimsing , Sambarey Pradip Wamnrao
Published: July 2018

Background: Congenital anomalies are the vital causes for perinatal mortality and morbidity. Therefore, an antenatal diagnosis and foetal therapy have attained importance in the field of human embryology.Methods: This was an observational study conducted in antenatal, labour and postnatal ward at Rural medical college and hospital for 2 years. The aim of study is to review the overall frequency of congenital malformation and to increase public awareness in saving newborns from birth defects.Results: Cause of congenital anomalies was unknown in 82.1% of the cases in our study. Out of 162 congenital anomalies 60.49% were antenataly registered whereas 39.51% were unregistered. Most common system involved in congenital anomaly was Central nervous system (CNS) followed by gastrointestinal anomaly. In central nervous system anencephaly was commonest abnormality. sensitivity of ultrasonography was 74.03% and specificity was 98.86%.Conclusions: Every mother should undergo early anomaly. Fortification of food with iron, folic acid, iodine should be carried out. Anemia should be tackled early in reproductive age group. Maternal perinatal infection can be prevented through vaccination and if identified, diagnosed and treated early, would also help in decreasing congenital anomalies in baby.
Changing trends in the indications of obstetric hysterectomies in teaching rural hospital
Authors: Moray Arun P. , Moray Urmila A. , Patil Vaishali M. , Moray Grishma A.
Published: July 2018

Background: Obstetric hysterectomy (OH) still remains lifesaving procedure. OH still poses a major obstetrical morbidity in the developing world due to lack of human, infrastructural and monetary resources. Irrespective of attempts like good antenatal care and delivery planning in modern obstetrics to prevent major obstetric complications; unfortunately, OH needs to be performed at times even today. The aim of present study was to determine the changes in the indications of obstetric hysterectomy.Methods: A retrospective review based on hospital data of all the patients’ records subjected to OH from January 1994 to September 2001 (Gr. A) and from January 2006 to December 2015 (Gr. B) was done and analyzed for incidence and changing trends in the indications.Results: The incidence of OH during two periods from January 1994 to September 2001 (Group A) and from January 2006 to December 2015 (Group B) in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Shri. Bhausaheb Hire Govt. Medical College, Dhule was 3.27/1000 and 0.97/1000 deliveries. Incidence is reduced by more than three folds. In both groups maximum patients were below 30 yrs of age and multipara. The commonest indications for OH in both groups were uterine rupture, uncontrolled Atonic PPH and placental causes. The incidence of uterine rupture as a cause for OH was reduced from 78.16% to 43.24%, while that of Atonic PPH has increased from 16.09% to 28.37% and placental causes has increased from 4.59% to 9.45%. Among the risk factors for OH, the incidence of prolonged or obstructed labour has reduced from 66.66% to 21.62% and that of malpresentations has reduced from 27.58 to 5.4%.Conclusions: There is definite reduction in the incidence of OH, frequency of uterine rupture, obstructed labor and malpresentations in Gr. B due to timely referral, improved infrastructure and transportation facilities.
Impact of oligohydramnios on maternal and perinatal outcome: a comparative study
Authors: U. Sreelakshmi , Bindu Tushara , T. Subhashini
Published: July 2018

Background: Oligohydramnios has got significant impact on perinatal outcome and maternal morbidity. Therefore, early detection and its management will help in reduction of perinatal morbidity and mortality, decreased operative interventions. Hence, the present study is undertaken to study the impact of oligohydromnios on perinatal-maternal outcome.Methods: The present study was prospective comparative observational study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mallareddy Narayana Multispecialty Hospital, reputed teaching hospital from January 2015 to August 2017. The women were divided into study and control groups based on AFI, 100 cases were selected in each group.Results: Out of the 200 women, included in the present study, in study group AFI <5 cm was present in 51% of patients and AFI 5-8 cm in 49% of patients. Doppler abnormalities found in study group (n = 33). 32% of the patients in study group had non-reactive NST while in control group 8%. Caesarean section was performed in 70% of cases in study group as compared to 9% in control group. Foetal distress was the most common indication for LSCS. There were no perinatal deaths in this study.Conclusions: In this study amniotic fluid index of ≤5 cm was commonly associated with increased cesarean section rates, intrauterine growth restriction, Non-reactive NST and abnormal umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry studies. Hence, every case of oligohydramnios needs to be evaluated carefully, early detection and initiation of appropriate treatment and treat the cause if possible.
Laparoscopic evaluation of female infertility in low socioeconomic status
Authors: Saini Chesta , Gupta Ashoo , Rajurkar Kishore , Saxena Kartik , Saini Kanchan , Saini Rijul
Published: July 2018

Background: Infertility is a multidimensional health issue which is rising dramatically. The common causes include ovarian, uterine, tubal disorders, hormonal imbalance, age-related factors and lifestyle factors. The low economic strata poses a subset of problems like difficulty in seeking healthcare, treatment costs and poor compliance. Authors sought to evaluate the factors for primary and secondary infertility in women of reproductive age group who belong to low socio-economic strata using laparoscopy.Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the obstetrics and gynaecology department at Sanjay Gandhi memorial hospital, Delhi comprising 50 infertile women of reproductive age group belonging to low socioeconomic class for a period of 2 years from June 2015 onwards.Results: Among primary infertility, tuberculosis (27.02%), ovarian cyst (16.22%), adhesions (10.81%), polycystic ovaries (10.81%) and Pelvic inflammatory disease (10.81%) were the major findings whereas in secondary infertility Pelvic inflammatory disease (23.07%), tuberculosis (15.38%), adhesions (15.38%) and endometriosis (7.69%) were the major factors seen in the study.Conclusions: Tuberculosis and pelvic inflammatory disease were the major factors seen in infertile women of low socioeconomic status thus, they should be kept high on the list of differential diagnosis even if the investigative work up is negative.
Outcome of pregnancy in women with previous one cesarean section
Authors: Mittal Manish , Kandoria Meenakshi , Sood Rajeev , Chauhan Monica , Rao Rohini , . Shaina
Published: July 2018

Background: Worldwide rise in cesarean section (CS) rate during the last three decades has been the cause of alarm and needs an in-depth study. The purpose of this study was to determine the outcome of pregnancy in women with previous one cesarean section and maternal and perinatal complications. It also aimed at identifying the factors, which can influence the outcome of trial of labour (TOL).Methods: The prospective study was conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kamla Nehru hospital for mother and child, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, from June 2013 to May 2014 which included all women undergoing trial for vaginal birth after a previous cesarean who were more than 34 weeks, singleton viable fetus of appropriate size with cephalic presentation with inter delivery interval more than 18 months. Collected data was analysed by Student T-test and Chi-square test was used where required, for statistical analysis using Epi info 7 software. P value <0.05 was considered significant.Results: Out of 152 subjects given trial of labour, 107 (70.39%) subjects had successful VBAC and 45 (29.61%) had repeat emergency cesarean section. The maternal morbidity in emergency cesarean section group and vaginal delivered group was seen in 14 (31%), 8 (7.47%) subjects respectively. No significant perinatal morbidity was observed. VBAC rate was significantly more in women who had prior vaginal deliveries, especially in those with previous VBAC.Conclusions: In carefully selected cases, trial of labour (TOL) after a prior cesarean is safe and often successful. A prior vaginal delivery, particularly, a prior VBAC are associated with a higher rate of successful TOL.
A study of histological changes of human placenta in rural population of eastern India
Authors: Karmakar Mrinal Kanti , Kar Sambit , Kumar S. M. , Chattopadhyay Subir Kumar , Vaid L. K. , Sen Sukanta
Published: July 2018

Background: Placenta is essential for maintenance of pregnancy and for promoting normal growth and development of fetus. It forms the morphological record of anatomical condition, intrauterine events and intrapartum events of gestation. Present study has been undertaken to record the data on the morphology and histology of placenta from mothers with hypertension and diabetes.Methods: This study showed several significant morphological and histological differences in the placenta of the mother with GDM and hypertensive placenta. The histological study of the placenta was done under microscope and number of syncytial knots, cytotrophoblastic cellular proliferation, fibrinoid necrosis, endothelial proliferation, calcified and hyalinised villous spots were noted per low power field in the diabetics and hypertensive group in comparison to control group.Results: All other parameters including area, thickness, diameter, and circumference of GDM placenta show a significant increase when compared with normal placenta. The gross anatomic features of placentae e.g infarcted areas, calcified areas and marginal insertion of the umbilical cord in the study group show significant increase in value (p>0.01) in diabetic and hypertensive groups when compared to that of the control or normal group.Conclusions: In present study we found that hypertensive placentae tend to be slightly smaller in size, weight, volume, area, thickness, diameter, circumference and feto-placental ratio than normal placentae but the parameters were found to be significantly greater than that of normal placentae in case of diabetic placentae. No significant differences were found in umbilical cord insertion. In normal pregnancy cases we found several histological findings which were increased in hypertensive and diabetic cases.
Clinical outcomes among pregnant patients with cardiac disease only and those with co-existing pregnancy-associated hypertension
Authors: Gupta Karishma , Shetty Arthika , Prasad Madhva , Gupta Alka S.
Published: July 2018

Background: Impact of cardiac disease on pregnancy is significant. Impact of hypertension on pregnancy is also significant. “Does occurrence of hypertension along with cardiac disease worsen the outcomes?” forms the crux of this study. The aim of the present study was to determine the impact of pregnancy-associated hypertension on the clinical outcomes of pregnant patients with cardiac disease.Methods: Retrospective, observational, comparative, case control study of one and half year duration conducted in a tertiary care referral hospital. The various medical and obstetric parameters were studied and compared.Results: Among 143 patients studied, 36 were hypertensive and 107 were non-hypertensive. Non-severe hypertension was seen in 17%, severe hypertension in 4% and eclampsia in 4%. Average age was 26 years and majority were first or second gravida. Valvular heart disease was the most common cardiac disease encountered. Gestational age at delivery, perinatal outcome and occurrence of pulmonary hypertension were all similar in both the hypertensive and non-hypertensive groups.  The most common mode of delivery was vaginal delivery. The cesarean section rate was 29% and was similar among both hypertensive and non-hypertensive groups. Requirement for induction of labor, occurrence of small-for- gestational age among the newborns, intensive care unit admission due to heart failure and maternal death was higher (statistically significant (p<0.05) among the hypertensive group.Conclusions: Presence of hypertension worsens outcomes among pregnant patients with cardiac disease. The coexistence of hypertension and cardiac disease should alert the obstetrician and specialist physician towards a more vigilant management. The findings of this study may help risk stratification (development of pregnancy associated hypertension) while counseling patients with heart disease.
Successful management of total placenta previa with placenta accreta presenting with massive obstetric hemorrhage: A case report
Authors: Chanu Sairem Mangolnganbi , Dey Biswajit , Dey Samarjit , Hadi Khairul , Sharma Nalini , Raphael Vandana
Published: July 2018

Placenta previa and placenta accreta are important causes of serious fetal and maternal morbidity and even mortality necessitating hysterectomy. We report a case of total placenta previa with accreta in a 39-year-old female in the 32+2 weeks of pregnancy with successful delivery by cesarean. However, hysterectomy was performed to control postpartum hemorrhage.
Evaluation of utilization of insecticide treated nets among pregnant women in Bayelsa State of Nigeria: a case study of Sagbama community
Authors: Odoko Joseph O. , Nwose Ezekiel U. , Igumbor Eunice O.
Published: July 2018

Background: There has been a roll back mosquito (RBM) program in Nigeria. This study was carried out to determine the effectiveness and utilization of insecticide treated nets (ITNs) among pregnant women in Bayelsa State, Nigeria.Methods: A descriptive survey design was used to assess usage and patient experience. A total of 250 completed survey were returned out of 260 questionnaires distributed. Statistical analysis was in frequency counts and percentages.Results: Over 55% of respondents are aware that the best way to prevent malaria in pregnancy is to always sleep in ITNs. 20% of the respondents lack ITNs due to non-availability in the clinic or unaffordability in the market. Among those that own ITNs, only 31% utilize it every day. Suffocation and skin irritation were reasons for non-utilization. On effectiveness, among those who use their ITNs, 24.3% never suffered malaria or mosquito bite.Conclusions: ITNs utilization seems to have reached the RBM target. However, the study shows patient experience that use of ITNs seems to have limited effectiveness in prevention of malaria during pregnancy, while affordances and quality are barriers to utility. Ministry of Health and especially antenatal and community healthcare workers need to intensify health education campaign to improve attitude and practice of ITNs utility among pregnant mothers. Manufacturers of ITNs also need to improve on the quality of ITNs to reduce skin irritation or suffocation in order to encourage usage among pregnant mothers.
Spectrum of bone and soft tissue tumors in a tertiary cancer institute in Eastern india
Authors: Natekar Ashwini , Basu Shubasis , Gupta Gavruv , Pujari Maruti
Published: July 2018

Background: Bone and soft tissue tumours are uncommon tumours that can affect any age group. Soft tissue tumors are said to be heterogeneous group of mesenchymal malignancies. Primary bone sarcomas are rare tumors, comprising approximately 0.2% of all cancers. Their true incidence is difficult to estimate because of their rarity. The outcome of the disease depends on the age and time at diagnosis.Methods: A study was carried out in department of pathology in tertiary cancer institute in East India from December 2015 to September 2017. A total of 60 cases were included in the study. All age group patients with indoor admissions and review cases were included in this study. Only soft tissue and bone tumors were included in the study. Epithelial tumors metastasis to bone were excluded from our study. Clinical and radiological details of patients were noted along with gross specimen findings and microscopic examination of H and E stained slides. IHC was also carried out for confirmatory diagnosis. Aims and objectives was to study the histological spectrum of bone and soft tissue tumors in a tertiary cancer institute in Eastern India. Also, to study gender distribution and site distribution of bone and soft tissue tumors.Results: Out of the total 60 cases studied 24 cases were of bone and cartilaginous tumours and 36 cases included were of soft tissue tumors. Benign tumors comprised of 08 cases (13.3%) and malignant tumors accounted to 52 cases (86.7%). Age of the patients ranged from 10 to 80 years. Male female ratio was 1.4:1.Conclusions: Multimodal therapies of treatment are practiced for bone and soft tissue tumors. Early detection and treatment is essential for diagnosis of these malignant tumors. Molecular studies are most important in diagnosing, classifying and also prognosticating bone and soft tissue tumors.
Incidence of ventilator associated pneumonia in tracheostomised and non tracheostomised patients
Authors: Rosario David D. M. , Sequeira Anitha
Published: July 2018

Background: Pneumonia is the most common hospital acquired infection in the intensive care unit. One of the causes for hospital acquired pneumonia is ventilator associated pneumonia. Tracheostomy is known to prevent occurrence of ventilator associated pneumonia as it decreases the respiratory dead space, assists in better clearance of secretions and prevents chances of aspiration. Generally, tracheostomy is done after 2 weeks of endotracheal intubation to prevent tracheal complications. The aim of this study is to identify the incidence of ventilator associated pneumonia in tracheostomised and non tracheostomised patients and to see if early tracheostomy can prevent development of ventilator associated pneumonia.Methods: The study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital during a period of four years. 100 patients who were on mechanical ventilation for more than 7 days where taken up for the study. APACHE 4 scoring system was used. The incidence of Ventilator associated pneumonia in tracheostomised and non tracheostomised patients was studied.Results: In our study the total incidence of VAP was 44 %. In our study out of the 42 patients who had undergone tracheostomy 13 (30.95%) patients had ventilator associated pneumonia. Among the non-tracheostomised patients 31 (53.44%) out of 58 patients developed ventilator associated pneumonia. In our study the incidence of ventilator associated pneumonia was much lesser (12%) in patients who underwent tracheostomy in the period 7 to 10 days after mechanical ventilation, whereas in those who underwent tracheostomy after 11 days incidence of ventilator associated pneumonia was much higher.Conclusions: Our study showed that the incidence of ventilator associated pneumonia was much higher among non tracheostomised patients compared to patients who underwent tracheostomy. Hence patients undergoing earlier tracheostomy had a clear advantage than those undergoing tracheostomy late or non tracheostomised patients in preventing ventilator associated pneumonia.
A cross sectional clinical study on correlation between myopia and intraocular pressure and ocular biometric values among adults in tertiary eye care in Palakkad, Kerala, India
Authors: A. M. Raja , A. Rajendraprasad , G. Seema
Published: July 2018

Background: To find out whether there is a correlation between intra ocular pressure and ocular biometric values like corneal curvature, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness and vitreous chamber depth in myopic eyes.Methods: A cross sectional clinical study was conducted in karuna medical college hospital Palakkad Kerala, India from September 2015 to August 2017. 1000 eyes of 500 myopic patients attending the ophthalmology OPD were included in this study. Goldman applanation tonometry was used to measure intra ocular pressure. Bausch and Lomb keratometer was used to measure corneal curvature and Biometer A scan machine was used to measure anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, vitreous chamber depth and axial length.Results: In this study majority of the patients age group was 16-20 years. The overall mean intra ocular pressure was 15mmhg and mean radius of corneal curvature was 44.12D. In this study average anterior chamber depth was 3.55mm and mean lens thickness was 3.56mm.Mean vitreous chamber depth was 18.40. In this study mean axial length was 24.60mm.Conclusions: Amount of myopia and variation in corneal curvature was not statistically significant. There was no correlation between intra ocular pressure and degree of myopia. But anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, vitreous chamber depth and axial length were statistically very significant with amount of myopia.
Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) as prospective histopathological and molecular biomarker for oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Atla Bhagyalakshmi , Prabhakula Sreevalli , Kumar Seeram Satish , Boni Lakshmi Saraswathi
Published: July 2018

Background: Despite the advance of therapeutic approaches, the morbidity and mortality of oral squamous cell carcinoma have not improved significantly. The invasion potential of oral squamous cell carcinoma is conferred by their ability to utilize Matrix metalloproteinase that are produced by the host’s stromal cells. In the present study an effort was made to analyse the role of clinical features and risk factors in the causation of oral squamous cell carcinoma and expression of Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) was studied in various grades of squamous cell carcinoma with its role in metastasis.Methods: The present study is an hospital based prospective study for a period of two years at the department of pathology from August 2014 to July 2016 consisting of 88 cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Tissue for H and E sections were fixed in 10% formalin and subjected to routine paraffin embedded processing and stained with hematoxylin and eosin.Results: Total number of cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma analyzed were 88, out of which 65 cases were subjected to MMP 9 expression by random selection on Immunohistochemistry. Majority of cases occurred in the age group of 41-50 years with male: female ratio of 1.4:1. In stage I and II the expression of MMP-9 is low in 37 cases (82.22%) and in stage III the expression is high in 14 cases (70%) with P value <0.05 (significant).Conclusions: Matrix metalloproteinases could act as a therapeutic target and could play an important role in effective treatment strategies of oral cancer.
Poland syndrome with associated synbrachydactyly and dextrocardia: a rare case
Authors: Rajawat Govind Singh , Khippal Narendra , Takhar Rajendra Prasad
Published: July 2018

Poland’s Syndrome is a rare congenital condition. It is classically characterized by absence of unilateral chest wall muscles and sometimes ipsilateral symbrachydactyly (abnormally short and webbed fingers). The condition typically presents with unilateral absence of the sternal or a breast portion of the pectoralis major muscle which may or may not be associated with the absence of nearby musculoskeletal structures. Authors report a 13-year-old male patient with typical features of Poland syndrome associated with synbrachydactyly and dextrocardia. This association is very rare, till 2010, only 19 cases have been described in scientific literature (Poland syndrome with dextrocardia), in this case synbrachydactyly also associated on ipsilateral side. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first documented case of the left sided Poland syndrome with dextrocardia and symbrachydactyly reported from the South East Asia Region (SEAR).
Study of serum IgE levels in childhood asthma in Barabanki region, India
Authors: Rathoria Ekansh , Bansal Utkarsh , Gupta Abhishek , Gupta Nyay Bhai , Ahuja Ravindra , Rathoria Richa
Published: July 2018

Background: Elevated Serum Immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels are characteristic of most of the allergic diseases including asthma. Most of the asthma patients are allergic to inhaled antigens and chemical antigens, which lead to their sensitization and induce a state of hypersensitivity that is IgE mediated hypersensitivity reaction. The aim of this study was to estimate and compare serum IgE levels in childhood asthmatics and in normal subjects and to obtain the relationship between serum IgE levels and severity of asthma.Methods: A stratified sample of 58 patients within the age group of 5-15 years including 36 male and 22 female asthmatic patients and 58 healthy controls within the same age group were included in this study and classified according to GINA classification 2016. Serum IgE levels were estimated by using ELISA kit.Results: Mean IgE levels ranged from 163.82 IU/mL in normal subjects to 881.81 IU/mL in asthmatics. The mean values of Serum IgE levels in mild, moderate and severe asthmatic children were 625.25 IU/mL, 871.77 IU/mL, 1225.05 IU/mL respectively.Conclusions: High Serum Immunoglobulin E levels were found in childhood asthmatics as compared to normal subjects. Serum IgE levels were found to increase as the severity of asthma increased. The variability in each grade of asthma was very large so we could not find any statistically significant correlation.
Comparative study of routine diagnostic test, C-reactive protein with antithrombin III levels in diagnosis and prognosis of neonatal sepsis
Authors: Kacha Asruti R. , Prasad Saurabh , Parmar Panchshila
Published: July 2018

Background: Antithrombin III is a potent inhibitor of thrombin mediated vascular injury in the micro-circulation in severe sepsis. This endogenous anti-coagulant is rapidly depleted in the early phases of sepsis as a result of decreased synthesis, increased destruction and enhanced clearance by thrombin-antithrombin complexes. This study was conducted to evaluate the role of antithrombin III level in diagnosis and prognosis of culture proven neonatal sepsis as compared to conventional C-reactive protein.Methods: This prospective study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in 30 full term, appropriate for gestational age neonates who were admitted in neonatal intensive care unit for suspected sepsis.Results: Out of 30 neonates suspected of sepsis in NICU, 22 turned out to be culture positive. Keeping antithrombin III cut off level ≤150 mg/L, 18 of those 22 culture positive neonates, had antithrombin III level ≤150 mg/L; sensitivity at ≤150mg/L was 81.82%. This was way higher than the 50% sensitivity of CRP, that was found in the study. (Only 11out of 22 culture positive neonates had positive CRP).Conclusions: Antithrombin III level ≤ 150 mg/L is a good indicator for neonatal septicemia and helps to detect neonatal sepsis earlier and more accurately as compared to other conventional laboratory tests like CRP. It also predicts the prognosis of neonatal sepsis more precisely as compared to CRP.
Reflexões fenomenológicas: a interação do ser no mundo e no universo do jogo
Authors: Berardo Bueno Murilo Gabriel
Published: July 2018

A presente resenha se estrutura a partir da delimitação dos principais conceitos abordados na obra de Eugen Fink intitulada Play as a Symbol of the World and Other Writings, bem como na relação desses conceitos fenomenológicos com os jogos e as narrativas de entretenimento, sejam elas físicas ou virtuais. Dessa forma, a analogia de conceitos que permitem pensar a presença do ser no mundo e no jogo, assim como a dinâmica de interação entre os espaços físicos e virtuais são os principais pontos de discussão do autor apontados e comentados.
O Spin-off como recurso de Narrativa Transmidática na Telenovela Brasileira
Authors: Santos Alexandre Tadeu dos , Pereira Sarah Emanuelle Marques
Published: July 2018

O presente artigo discute a utilização do spin-off como estratégia de comunicação transmidiática na telenovela brasileira.  Nossa principal inquietação parte da presmissa  que a linguagem da TV, no que tange as narrativas ficcionais, vem apresentando novas perspectivas e possibilidades de produção em diálogo com a rede das redes: a intenet. A metodologia adotada para a reflexão foi o tensionamento de autores que pensam o audiovisual como (JENKINS; LACALLE; MACHADO) e a análise de um episódio do spin–off em formato de websérie da novela Totalmente Demais
Atividade Online como Dispositivo Formativo em EaD: um Exemplo do Experimento de Titulação
Authors: Soares Marilia Amável Gomes , Fragoso Viviane Muniz da Silva , Cruz Frederico Alan de Oliveira
Published: July 2018

A experimentação é uma etapa fundamental na formação dos futuros profissionais ligados as ciências da natureza, visto que ela permite confrontar conceitos prévios com resultados experimentais. No entanto, no caso dos cursos em EaD essa vivência pode acabar sendo um pouco prejudicada e buscar soluções é fundamental. Nesse sentido, o uso das simulações de experimentos pode ser um grande aliado na no processo de ensino-aprendizagem dos temas presentes nas diversas disciplinas das grades. Dentro dessa perspectiva, nesse trabalho são apresentadas as etapas necessárias para a utilização dessas simulações como elemento de apoio aos alunos dessa modaliade de ensino e as discussões sobre a aplicação destas. Deixando claro, que mesmo um atividade virtual, a necessidade de contrução de roteiros para a realização da atividade e de perguntas norteadoras que motivem aos alunos a fazerem seu uso. Online Activity as a Training Device in EaD: an Example of Titration Experiment Abstract Experimentation is a fundamental step in the training of future professionals related to the natural sciences, since it allows confronting previous concepts with experimental results. However, in the case of the courses in EaD, this experience can end up being a bit impaired and seeking solutions is fundamental. In this sense, the use of simulations of experiments can be a great ally in the teaching-learning process of the themes present in the various disciplines of grids. In this perspective, this work presents the necessary steps for the use of these simulations as an element of support to the students of this modality of teaching and the discussions on the application of these simulations. Making it clear that even a virtual activity, the need to build scripts to carry out the activity and guiding questions that motivate students to make use of it. Keywords: Applets, Chemistry, Distance education
Avaliação do conhecimento de professores do ensino fundamental sobre avulsão e reimplante dentário
Authors: Scandiuzzi Simone , Sampaio Lívia Gonçalves Coelho , Moreira Monaliza Barreto , Amaral Regiane Cristina do , Murrer Rodrigo Dutra
Published: July 2018

Objetivo: este estudo é uma pesquisa quantitativa de corte transversal com professores do ensino fundamental de escolas municipais de Juazeiro do Norte - CE. Material e Métodos: aplicou-se um questionário para verificar o conhecimento desses profissionais sobre os procedimentos a serem realizados em relação à avulsão e reimplante dentário. Resultados: este estudo foi realizado com 97 professores. A maioria desses educadores respondeu que o dentista é o primeiro profissional a ser encaminhado em caso de traumatismo dentário, mas apenas 46,4% consideraram que o dente avulsionado deveria ter atendimento imediato. Dos entrevistados, 75,3% não replantariam o dente ou não tinham certeza de que o fariam. Quanto ao manuseio de um dente avulsionado, apenas 24,7% enxaguavam abundantemente o dente em água corrente, 41,2% dos professores o armazenavam em ambiente seco, envolvendo-o em um pedaço de papel; nenhum colocaria na boca do aluno, e 58,7% armazenaria em um líquido. Em relação ao meio de transporte úmido, 23,7% o levariam em solução salina, 24,7% em água encanada, 6% em leite e 4,1% em álcool. Conclusão: alguns professores foram capazes e declararam-se treinados sobre as condutas corretas diante de uma situação de traumatismo dentário, e muitos apresentaram baixo nível de conhecimento sobre os procedimentos a serem seguidos nesses casos. Portanto, faz-se necessário maior esforço na divulgação de informações pelos profissionais de saúde, a fim de ampliar o conhecimento sobre o assunto.