bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Guest editor’s presentation
Authors: Rey David
Published: March 2020

Guest editor's presentation of the special issue on the philosophical legacy of Jerry Fodor.
Evaluation of Infrared Absorption on Thermal Properties of Modified Modacrylic Fibers
Authors: Rich Hannah Alexis , Camatcho Amor M. , Stephenson Hannah Jean , Crew Jacob , Jur Jesse S. , Gorga Russell E.
Published: March 2020

A novel modacrylic fiber with the capability to absorb ∼80% of all infrared radiation was evaluated for use in personal thermal comfort applications. Using an infrared (IR) imaging camera to monitor optical changes over time and heat flux measurements, it was concluded that this altered modacrylic fiber possesses both a unique thermal signature as well as increased heat flux compared to 100% cotton. A design of experiments (DOE) was conducted to determine if blending this material with other fibers would result in a fabric with a higher thermal conductivity. It was observed that blends of nylon and the altered modacrylic tended to have the highest conductivity and would provide a cooling effect if used in a garment.
Optimizing sowing time for boosting productivity and nutritional quality of amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus L.) genotypes under Mediterranean climate
Authors: CASINI Paolo , BIANCOFIORE Gherardo
Published: March 2020

Currently, there is increasing interest in the cultivation of alternative grain crops, such as amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus L.) in Italy. However, few information exist for the most optimal sowing date (SD) of amaranth especially under rainfed conditions. A field-trial was conducted in Tuscany during 2018 to evaluate SD effects on amaranth genotypes (‘Kharkov’ and two new breeding lines coded ‘A-61’ and ‘A67’). The three SD were March 27 (first), April 20 (second), June 4 (third). Only the first and second SD coincided with increasing photoperiod. Cumulative Growing Degree Days (GDD) for ripening were 2282, 1990 and 1480 for the first, second and third SD, respectively. Compared to the first two SD, ground-cover was 20 % less  from panicle formation in the third SD, therefore potentially less competitive towards weeds. A-67 was more “palatable” to the incidence of sugar beet flea beetle (Chaenoctema tibialis Illinger) from the earliest stages of growth. In contrast, ‘Kharkov’, was significantly less attacked by the insect over all three SD.‘Kharkov’, demonstrated greater flexibility with stable yields of 1.3 t ha-1 for the first and second SD. In contrast, significant yield reductions (1.5 to 1.2 t ha-1, from the first to second SD, respectively) were evident for both lines of amaranth in response to SD delay. Adverse effects of the third SD, included significant decline in yield, protein content and 1000 seed mass. In conclusion, amaranth,  March-April SD may be recommended for obtaining optimal grain yield of amaranth along with making it successful as a viable alternative grain crop under  under agro-ecological conditions of Central Italy.
Role i stanowiska pracy w otwartej nauce i komunikacji naukowej. Analiza zakresów obowiązków i próba prognozy przyszłych tendencji zmian w zawodzie
Authors: Pontika Nancy , Olszewski Tomasz
Published: March 2020

Technologiczny postęp ostatnich 20 lat zmusił biblioteki akademickie do uaktualnienia bieżących zakresów obowiązków i odpowiedzialności swoich pracowników oraz do wyznaczenia bibliotekarzom całkowicie nowych ról. Pozwoliło im to jednak zaadaptować się do dynamicznego rozwoju i postępu w komunikacji naukowej, a w konsekwencji umożliwiło przedstawienie swoim użytkownikom oferty kompetentnie i sprawnie wykonywanych usług. Globalne wezwania do otwartego dostępu do wyników badań naukowych, zainteresowanie udostępnianiem instytucjonalnym, ogólnokrajowym czy międzynarodowym, nieustająca ewolucja i rozwój związanych z tym usług wymusiły potrzebę stworzenia w bibliotekach akademickich nowych stanowisk badawczych. Artykuł przedstawia wyniki badań zakresów obowiązków nowych stanowisk bibliotecznych w usługach otwartej nauki na podstawie ofert pracy zamieszczanych przez biblioteki akademickie w Zjednoczonym Królestwie.
Maja Wojciechowska, Joanna Kamińska, Beata Żołędowska- -Król przy współudziale Bożeny Jaskowskiej, Leksykon zarządzania i marketingu w bibliotekoznawstwie
Authors: Wojciechowski Jacek
Published: March 2020

Recenzja. Maja Wojciechowska, Joanna Kamińska, Beata Żołędowska-Król przy współudziale Bożeny Jaskowskiej, Leksykon zarządzania i marketingu w bibliotekoznawstwie, Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe i Edukacyjne Stowarzyszenia Bibliotekarzy Polskich 2018, s. 292. ISBN 978-83-65741-17-2 (Nauka – Dydaktyka – Praktyka)
Effect of CES1 and ABCB1 genotypes on the pharmacokinetics and clinical outcomes of dabigatran etexilate in patients with atrial fibrillation and chronic kidney disease
Authors: Sychev Dmitriy , Skripka Alena , Ryzhikova Kristina , Bochkov Pavel , Shevchenko Roman , Krupenin Pavel , Ivashchenko Dmitriy , Kogay Veronika , Listratov Alexander , Krainyaya Arina , Gurinovich Olga , Sokolova Anastasiya , Napalkov Dmitriy , Fomin Viktor
Published: March 2020

Background

Despite the well-studied safety profile of dabigatran, its interactions with genetic polymorphism parameters are poorly understood, especially in patients with moderate chronic kidney disease (CKD). The study assessed whether genetic factors can contribute to CKD and alter dabigatran concentration.

Methods

Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and stage 3 CKD treated with dabigatran 110 or 150 mg have been included in the study. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to evaluate single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the ABCB1 gene (rs1045642 and rs4148738) and CES1 gene (rs2244613). A plasma trough concentration/dose (C/D) ratio was used as a pharmacokinetic index.

Results

A total of 96 patients aged 51–89 years (median age: 75 years) were evaluated. Patients on a reduced regimen of 110 mg twice a day were older (79.8 vs. 67.9, p < 0.0001) and had lower creatinine clearance (49.7 vs. 62.3 mL/min/1.73 m2, p = 0.015). Patients with the rs2244613 CC genotype had lower C/D values (70% reduction in the mean C/D vs. AA genotype, p = 0.001). Linear stepwise regression has shown the CKD epidemiology collaboration to be the only significant predictor of C/D among genetic factors and kidney function characteristics. During the median follow-up of 15 months, there were 15 bleedings in 13 patients.

Conclusions

Polymorphism of CES1 rs2244613 can contribute to the safety of dabigatran in patients with AF and CKD. There was no influence of the aforementioned polymorphisms of ABCB1 on dabigatran trough plasma concentrations and C/D. Kidney function is a mainstay of clinical decision-making on direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) dose, and further knowledge should be accumulated on the role of genetic factors.
Cost-Effectiveness and Estimated Health Benefits of Treating Patients with Vitamin D in Pre-Dialysis
Authors: Snyder Sophie , Hollenbeak Christopher S. , Kalantar-Zadeh Kamyar , Gitlin Matthew , Ashfaq Akhtar
Published: March 2020

Background

The optimal timing of treatment with vitamin D therapy for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), vitamin D insufficiency, and secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is a pressing question in nephrology with economic and patient outcome implications.

Objective

The objective of this study was to estimate the cost-effectiveness of earlier vitamin D treatment in CKD patients not on dialysis with vitamin D insufficiency and SHPT.

Design

A cost-effectiveness analysis based on a Markov model of CKD progression was developed from the Medicare perspective. The model follows a hypothetical cohort of 1000 Stage 3 or 4 CKD patients over a 5-year time horizon. The intervention was vitamin D therapy initiated in CKD stages 3 or 4 through CKD stage 5/end-stage renal disease (ESRD) versus initiation in CKD stage 5/ESRD only. The outcomes of interest were cardiovascular (CV) events averted, fractures averted, time in CKD stage 5/ESRD, mortality, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), and costs associated with clinical events and CKD stage.

Results

Vitamin D treatment in CKD stages 3 and 4 was a dominant strategy when compared to waiting to treat until CKD stage 5/ESRD. Total cost savings associated with treatment during CKD stages 3 and 4, compared to waiting until CKD stage 5/ESRD, was estimated to be $19.9 million. The model estimated that early treatment results in 159 averted CV events, 5 averted fractures, 269 fewer patient-years in CKD stage 5, 41 fewer deaths, and 191 additional QALYs.

Conclusions

Initiating vitamin D therapy in CKD stages 3 or 4 appears to be cost-effective, largely driven by the annual costs of care by CKD stage, CV event costs, and risks of hypercalcemia. Further research demonstrating causal relationships between vitamin D therapy and patient outcomes is needed to inform decision making regarding vitamin D therapy timing.
The crystal structure of 5-nitropicolinic acid monohydrate, C6H6N2O5
Authors: Jia Hua-Li , Wang Xin , Dai Li-Yan , Wang Li-Ke , Ren Xiao-Yue
Published: March 2020

C6H6N2O5, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 13.1766(11) Å, b = 5.1019(4) Å, c = 22.602(2) Å, β = 91.081(3)°, V = 1519.2(2) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0334, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0961, T = 150(2) K.
Probing Nonexponential Decay in Floquet–Bloch Bands
Authors: Cao Alec , Fujiwara Cora J. , Sajjad Roshan , Simmons Ethan Q. , Lindroth Eva , Weld David
Published: March 2020

Exponential decay laws describe systems ranging from unstable nuclei to fluorescent molecules, in which the probability of jumping to a lower-energy state in any given time interval is static and history-independent. These decays, involving only a metastable state and fluctuations of the quantum vacuum, are the most fundamental nonequilibrium process and provide a microscopic model for the origins of irreversibility. Despite the fact that the apparently universal exponential decay law has been precisely tested in a variety of physical systems, it is a surprising truth that quantum mechanics requires that spontaneous decay processes have nonexponential time dependence at both very short and very long times. Cold-atom experiments have proven to be powerful probes of fundamental decay processes; in this article, we propose the use of Bose condensates in Floquet–Bloch bands as a probe of long-time nonexponential decay in single isolated emitters. We identify a range of parameters that should enable observation of long-time deviations and experimentally demonstrate a key element of the scheme: tunable decay between quasi-energy bands in a driven optical lattice.
Improvement of Shielding Properties of Cement Paste by Slag Addition from Local Steel Industry
Authors: El-Khayatt A. M. , Al-Rajhi M. A. , Hassan A. T. , Idriss Hajo
Published: March 2020

The effect of iron slag powder (ISP) obtained from the local steel industry as an effective addition to improve the radiation shielding ability of cement paste was evaluated. Ten cement pastes with different ISP-to-cement ratios, up to 90 % by mass of cement, were prepared. In addition, the compressive strength of the cement paste as a function of slag content was investigated. The γ-ray attenuation measurements were performed by a NaI (Tl) detector at 59.54, 511, 662, 1,173.2 and 1,332.5 keV. The computation of γ-ray attenuation parameters was obtained by the WinXCom program. Both measured and calculated shielding results are in good agreement. The results demonstrate that the addition of slag significantly alters the cement paste density, γ-ray attenuation coefficient, effective atomic number (Zeff), effective electron density (Neff), and kerma coefficients (k). Moreover, the neutron shielding of cement paste has been evaluated in terms of the macroscopic removal cross section of the fast neutron (ΣR). In conclusion, it is argued that the incorporation of slag results in a significant improvement in γ-ray shielding ability. In addition, the results showed that the best ISP addition proportion that leads to the best shielding properties is about 60 % (by mass of cement).
Carbide Faceting in Alloy 690: HRTEM Study
Authors: Santra Sumita , Ramana Rao S. V. , Kapoor K. , Srivastava D.
Published: March 2020

Alloy 690 (Unified Numbering System [UNS] No. 6690) in thermally treated (TT) condition is an advanced steam generator tubing material that offers high corrosion resistance with tailored carbide morphology and chromium concentration adjacent to the grain boundary. The morphology of the intergranular carbides was found to have strong dependence on the grain boundary character distribution (GBCD) from an electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) study. The effect of thermal aging on crystallography and faceting of carbides was studied with the aid of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Carbides formed at 600°C, 700°C, and 800°C were structurally consistent with face centered cubic (fcc) M23C6. The orientation relationship of the carbides with grain allowing maximum atomic correspondence was found to be (111)C ‖ (111)M and <110>C ‖ <110>M. HRTEM analysis revealed that the carbides were partially faceted with multiple facet initiation at lower temperature and become fully faceted with fewer stable facets at 800°C. The non-faceted parts of carbides had lattice structure discontinuity from the faceted portion creating new energy interface within the carbides. It is suspected that the growth of carbides, formation of facets, and facet transformation takes place via ledge growth and coalescence. Stable, low-energy faceted interfaces of 800°C remain inactive and hold the carbides firmly, preventing dissolution or dislodging in corrosive environments and thus providing superior corrosion resistance.
Leadership et santé et mieux-être au travail : quelles leçons peut-on tirer pour les travailleurs en assignation internationale?
Authors: Leroux Marie-Pierre , Gaudet Marie-Claude , Beauregard Nancy
Published: March 2020

La présente étude vise à dresser un survol des principaux constats tirés des revues systématiques et des méta-analyses portant sur l’effet du leadership sur la santé mentale et le mieux-être au travail, et de proposer une analyse critique de leur application au contexte des travailleurs expatriés. Les bases de données Medline, EMBASE, EBM et Web of Knowledge ont été consultées avec des mots-clés spécifiques au leadership, à la santé mentale et au mieux-être. Les résultats montrent que malgré l’augmentation des études examinant les effets du leadership sur la santé mentale en contexte organisationnel, la problématique demeure sous-étudiée en gestion internationale des ressources humaines. À cet effet, des recommandations sont formulées afin que les superviseurs soient mieux outillés pour répondre aux situations dans un contexte où leurs subordonnés sont déployés à l’étranger.
Portraits de pratiques de deux CP collaboratifs
Authors: Baron Marie-Pierre , Murray Nathalie , Perron Étienne
Published: March 2020

Dans cet article, nous dressons des portraits rapides de nos pratiques de conseillers pédagogiques (CP) et abordons quelques-unes des perspectives et valeurs qui nous guident dans notre accompagnement des enseignants au primaire, secondaire et collégial. Également, nous revenons sur deux recherches collaboratives que nous avons initiées et auxquelles nous avons activement pris part afin d’en tirer quelques enseignements. Cet examen nous permet de mettre en évidence que nous sommes des CP collaboratifs informés, entre autres, par la recherche dans notre travail d’accompagnement. Également, nous soulignons le fait que nos expériences de recherche nous permettent d’affiner nos expertises du processus d’accompagnement.
Cultura mestiza y regímenes estéticos de la vida cotidiana. El ethos barroco de Bolívar Echeverría
Authors: Artunduaga Narváez Jomán Santiago
Published: March 2020

El presente artículo, inspirado en Bolívar Echeverría, analiza la realidad capitalista latinoamericana como “hecho histórico inevitable” resultado del contacto cultural iniciado en la Colonia española. Sostenemos la tesis según la cual la condición culturalmente ambigua del mestizo colonial hispanoamericano se materializó en una “voluntad de forma” aplicada a la vida cotidiana, que aunque pareciera reproducir los fines instrumentales de la Modernidad centroeuropea, aporta a su superación mediante el establecimiento de una Modernidad otra, donde el yo es integrado al nosotros. Con este propósito abordaremos la casta del mestizo desde cuatro enfoques históricos secuenciales: la inicial ambigüedad cultural del mestizo colonial, la recomposición identitaria de la población mestiza, la Modernidad otra y los regímenes estéticos de la vida cotidiana.
Restriction Enzyme Based Enriched L1Hs Sequencing (REBELseq): A Scalable Technique for Detection of Ta Subfamily L1Hs in the Human Genome
Authors: Reiner Benjamin C , Doyle Glenn A , Weller Andrew E , Levinson Rachel N , Namoglu Esin , Pigeon Alicia , Perea Emilie Dávila , Weickert Cynthia Shannon , Turecki Gustavo , Mash Deborah C , Crist Richard C , Berrettini Wade H
Published: March 2020

Long interspersed element-1 retrotransposons (LINE-1 or L1) are ∼6 kb mobile DNA elements implicated in the origins of many Mendelian and complex diseases. The actively retrotransposing L1s are mostly limited to the L1 human specific (L1Hs) transcriptional active (Ta) subfamily. In this manuscript, we present REBELseq as a method for the construction of Ta subfamily L1Hs-enriched next-generation sequencing libraries and bioinformatic identification. REBELseq was performed on DNA isolated from NeuN+ neuronal nuclei from postmortem brain samples of 177 individuals and empirically-driven bioinformatic and experimental cutoffs were established. Putative L1Hs insertions passing bioinformatics cutoffs were experimentally validated. REBELseq reliably identified both known and novel Ta subfamily L1Hs insertions distributed throughout the genome. Differences in the proportion of individuals possessing a given reference or non-reference retrotransposon insertion were identified. We conclude that REBELseq is an unbiased, whole genome approach to the amplification and detection of Ta subfamily L1Hs retrotransposons.
Fast Algorithms for Conducting Large-Scale GWAS of Age-at-Onset Traits Using Cox Mixed-Effects Models
Authors: He Liang , Kulminski Alexander M
Published: March 2020

Age-at-onset traits are of paramount importance in studies of age-related diseases and behavioral genetics. Cox mixed-effects models (CMEMs) are widely used when sample dependence is taken into account. However, the application of CMEMs in genome-wide association...

Age-at-onset is one of the critical traits in cohort studies of age-related diseases. Large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of age-at-onset traits can provide more insights into genetic effects on disease progression and transitions between stages. Moreover, proportional hazards (or Cox) regression models can achieve higher statistical power in a cohort study than a case-control trait using logistic regression. Although mixed-effects models are widely used in GWAS to correct for sample dependence, application of Cox mixed-effects models (CMEMs) to large-scale GWAS is so far hindered by intractable computational cost. In this work, we propose COXMEG, an efficient R package for conducting GWAS of age-at-onset traits using CMEMs. COXMEG introduces fast estimation algorithms for general sparse relatedness matrices including, but not limited to, block-diagonal pedigree-based matrices. COXMEG also introduces a fast and powerful score test for dense relatedness matrices, accounting for both population stratification and family structure. In addition, COXMEG generalizes existing algorithms to support positive semidefinite relatedness matrices, which are common in twin and family studies. Our simulation studies suggest that COXMEG, depending on the structure of the relatedness matrix, is orders of magnitude computationally more efficient than coxme and coxph with frailty for GWAS. We found that using sparse approximation of relatedness matrices yielded highly comparable results in controlling false-positive rate and retaining statistical power for an ethnically homogeneous family-based sample. By applying COXMEG to a study of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) with a Late-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease Family Study from the National Institute on Aging sample comprising 3456 non-Hispanic whites and 287 African Americans, we identified the APOE ε4 variant with strong statistical power (P = 1e−101), far more significant than that reported in a previous study using a transformed variable and a marginal Cox model. Furthermore, we identified novel SNP rs36051450 (P = 2e−9) near GRAMD1B, the minor allele of which significantly reduced the hazards of AD in both genders. These results demonstrated that COXMEG greatly facilitates the application of CMEMs in GWAS of age-at-onset traits.
Deconstrucción histórica en Regreso a Ítaca (2016), de Leonardo Padura y Laurent Cantet
Authors: Mengzhen Jia
Published: March 2020

In the last century, the most prominent event in Cuban history was the 1959 Revolution, an influential social movement, especially among the generation that participated in the Revolution and began to experience the postrevolution. In the fifties of the last century, Cubans suffered a spiritual and physical trauma difficult to overcome. The characters of Return to Ithaca (2016) represent that period, reflect of a microworld of the general situation of the time. The return of one of them from Spain causes the meeting between the five friends on a rooftop in La Habana. The discussion between them only manages to revive hope at the same time as the disappointment of their past, present and future. As the work is presented under the structure of a script, it respects the three rules of the theater, which favors a view from the theatrical interpretation. For this work we will rely on the sociological and psychological analysis, in order to better understand Padura and Cantet´s recreation of the general situation of that period. Our analysis aims to show that the intertextuality between literature and history allows us to understand an epoch, and the human experiences that take place in it, in a more vivid way. Padura and Cantet not only present a script of a reunion between five old friends, but also state that they all face a reconsideration of the illusions lost by and in the Revolution, in a painful but, at the same time, humorous, caustic and even joyful way.
Convergencia de circunstancias en el asentamiento de la expresión del poema extenso en Cuba, Puerto Rico y la República Dominicana
Authors: Seguin Marie-Christine
Published: March 2020

Between traditions and processes of transformation, we can see a poetic thought of the extensive poem in the Hispanic Antilles. Since the “décima”, which came from Europe, a linguistic creativity has developed through a pragmatic opening in close relation with the colonial particularity between the myth of progress and the myth of the golden age. To understand the Caribbean inventiveness we remember the practice of the neo-baroque elaborated on the confluences of the heterogeneous. We see how, through a discursive heteroglossia, the extensive poem is based in this cultural space, that are the Antillean islands and we emphasize its current role in the narrative of minimal stories that feed universal history in another way.
Entre la violencia familiar y la violencia escolar
Authors: Jacinto Pazo Pedro
Published: March 2020

Se analizan las formas manifiestas de la agresión verbal o psicológica, en conjunción directa con la agresión física, que se observan de modo constante, en los ámbitos familiares de los sectores populares y, que se reproducen en la escuela. En realidad, los alumnos admiten la agresión física en el hogar, con cifras cercanas al cincuenta por ciento en los distritos investigados, incluyendo con ello, la agresión verbal desde un sentido porcentual mayoritario. Desde luego, lo que observan los escolares, es un hogar muy violento y agresivo en sus distintas formas, que a gran parte de los alumnos se le hace imposible negar. Se manifiesta, la violencia desde los padres, pero también con más crudeza la confrontación entre los hermanos. No lejos de todo ello, la violencia vecinal o del barrio, que también proyecta cifras alarmantes y, que los alumnos la perciben cotidianamente. No se trata de una linealidad, pensando en explicar el conflicto familiar y sus efectos en la violencia escolar, sino advertir, las altas cifras que implican la agresión física en los espacios escolares.
Estrategias de vida y adaptación de los cortadores cañeros migrantes indígenas popolocas de Puebla, en un albergue de Morelos, México
Authors: Sánchez Saldaña Kim , Rodríguez-Salmorán Sonia
Published: March 2020

Se presentan los hallazgos de la investigación sobre la organización de una cuadrilla de cortadores cañeros indígenas popolocas de Puebla, que acuden a la zafra en Morelos. Se analiza la importancia de las estrategias familiares de reproducción social, en la adaptación de estos trabajadores migrantes temporales a condiciones de trabajo y de vida adversas. Es importante considerar los diferentes factores culturales del grupo para su análisis. Además, ha sido revelador el papel del intermediario laboral tradicional y líder de la cuadrilla, en la representación de los intereses de los trabajadores a su cargo, lo que hace posible la reproducción de su identidad cultural.
Sionismo y socialismo en el Centenario de la Independencia peruana
Authors: Cadenas Erazo Patricia
Published: March 2020

Se revelan la interinfluencia y la contribución recíproca entre sionismo socialista y socialismo peruano, mediante un esquema explicativo de interacción entre nacionalismo e internacionalismo. Se toma como referente de la realidad histórica las actividades culturales, intelectuales y políticas que, en forma conjunta, llevaron a cabo los judíos socialistas con José Carlos Mariátegui, líder y fundador del socialismo peruano, durante la segunda mitad de la década de 1920, en el marco del Centenario de la Independencia y en razón al ideal común de emancipación social y lucha contra cualquier tipo de opresión que los hermanaba. Se indagará acerca de los elementos comunes en el ideario o pensamiento de las partes referidas, para finalmente establecer el vínculo específico entre los sionistas socialistas y Mariátegui.
Los chinos de Cuba y del Perú
Authors: Zapata Antonio
Published: March 2020

Este artículo revisa la producción académica sobre la inmigración china a Cuba y al Perú. Su pregunta principal es porqué han producido resultados tan diferentes. Halla su explicación en el terreno de la política, pues el origen social y los vínculos transnacionales fueron muy semejantes. Los chinos de Cuba participaron en la lucha por la independencia y fueron rápidamente asimilados como parte de las fuerzas que terminaron con el colonialismo español. Sin embargo, décadas después, la revolución cubana expropió los pequeños negocios y los chino cubanos iniciaron un éxodo que los llevó a migrar masivamente a los EEUU. Por su lado, los colonos chinos del Perú se rebelaron contra el régimen de plantación en el contexto de la Guerra del Pacífico que opuso a Chile contra la alianza del Perú y Bolivia. Por ello, una parte de los culíes actuó en favor del ejército de Chile y la comunidad sufrió mucho para ser aceptada como parte de las fuerzas constitutivas de la nación peruana. Sin embargo, progresivamente los chino peruanos lograron una asimilación exitosa, a partir de su contribución a la economía de servicios incluyendo su innovación gastronómica que cautivó el paladar de los peruanos. De este modo, se produjo una situación paradójica, la comunidad chino cubano que se integró rápidamente y en forma exitosa acabó dejando Cuba, mientras que los chinos peruanos que sufrieron mucho para ser aceptados han terminado siendo una de las migraciones internacionales mejor aceptadas y en constante renovación hasta el día de hoy. Asimismo, este artículo revisa la historia actual de las relaciones de China con ambos países, observando cómo el nuevo puesto de China como segunda potencia mundial ha acabado definiendo la vida social y económica de los chinos latinoamericanos.
Desagrarización del empleo femenino rural y tiempos de trabajo en el Perú
Authors: Loayza Alatrista Sulema
Published: March 2020

El empleo rural en el país está enfrentando en los últimos años transformaciones estructurales que tienen que ver con el proceso de desagrarización del campo, en el contexto de la globalización y penetración de la economía de mercado, en un mundo que registra mayores demandas de alimentos. La desagrarización ocupacional del medio rural en el Perú registra una participación relevante de la mujer en tareas remuneradas no agrarias, en la creciente actividad agroindustrial instalada principalmente en los valles de la costa. En el presente artículo se busca identificar los procesos y las formas cómo se viene dando la diversificación ocupacional no agraria de la mujer rural en el valle de Motupe, Lambayeque, se establecen los condicionantes socio culturales y económicos que impulsan a la mujer a vender su fuerza de trabajo en actividades productivas no agrarias, afrontando retos que tienen que ver con restricciones socio culturales a su capacidad productiva y reconocimiento económico y social; adicionalmente, se estudia la complejización del entramado de los tiempos de trabajo productivo con los de cuidados doméstico familiares.
El rol del Estado peruano en la gestión de los conflictos sociales
Authors: Díaz Bravo José
Published: March 2020

El presente artículo aborda esencialmente el rol que el Estado peruano ha venido desarrollando en los últimos años en la gestión de los conflictos sociales, partiendo de la premisa de que desempeña siempre un papel protagónico desde sus tres niveles de gobierno. Este trabajo pretende corroborar la tesis de que el rol de gestor implica necesariamente conformarse como un interlocutor en el diálogo, y que ese papel no ha sido cumplido cabalmente por el Estado peruano, produciendo que la gestión de los conflictos sociales sea deficiente.
“The Prophet” by A. S. Pushkin (1826) and “The Prophet” by M. Yu. Lermontov (1841): a Comparative Semantics of the motifs
Authors: Kiseleva Irina A.
Published: March 2020

The article reconstructs the creative history of the same name poems by A. S. Pushkin and M. Yu. Lermontov. M. Yu. Lermontov’s poem “Prophet” (1841) is considered as dialogical in relation to Pushkin’s “Prophet” (1826). By comparing draft and final versions of the poems, the semantic spectrum of the prophetic motif, common both o Pushkin and to Lermontov, is determined. The study of the creative work is used as an approch for understanding it. A special attention is paid to an eschatological motif openly stated in the draft of  “The Prophet” by Pushkin, going into subtext in the clean copy, but remaining paramount in the aspect of the work’s etiology and its rapprochement with Lermontov’s poem “The Prophet”. The features of Pushkin’s and Lermontov’s poetics are revealed. Pushkin emphasizes a single action associated with the idea of transforming a person into a prophet and developing in a single spatial point equal to the universe. Lermontov’s text is multi-event, that is bearing the prophetic word to people, the rejection by a vicious community, going to the desert, a harmonious stay in nature. It is noted that with a visible difference in the poetics of texts, the common stable and isomorphic to the prophetic motif remain the eschatological motif, the motif of transformation, the motif of carrying the word of God, the motif of paradisal being.
A Cumulative Principle in the Figurative Structure of the Lyric Poetry of Leonid Aronzon and Joseph Brodsky
Authors: Bokarev Aleksey Sergeevich
Published: March 2020

The study defines the tendency of modern poetry to gravitate towards enumeration and registers as an attempt to “restore” the cumulative figurative language, which has not a conditionally poetic, but mythologically real status. From the standpoint of historical poetics, such a language is interpreted as a series of outwardly heterogeneous, but semantically identical phenomena, rooted in the archaic consciousness. The specifics of the worldview in the lyrics of L. Aronzon and J. Brodsky, namely, a complex of motifs represented with the help of cumulative structures, is the subject of study. The study asserts that, having a stable “semantic halo” (extensive assimilation of reality as a set of equivalent elements), accumulation performs a wide range of tasks, forming bundles with different, if not opposite, motifs (“unity and magnificence” of the world — Aronzon; discreteness of being and its overcoming — Brodsky). A detailed analysis of both authors’ poems allows to identify both invariant (historically determined) and variative (individual creative) features of the cumulative figurative language.
The Gospel Text in the Autobiographical Works of D. I. Fonvizin
Authors: Ostrovskikh Irina N.
Published: March 2020

The article is devoted to the memoir-autobiographical works of the great Russian satirist of the XVIII century D. I. Fonvizin. For the first time, it examines the autobiographical trilogy (“Message to My Servants Shumilov, Vanka and Petrushka”, “Letters from France”, “Sincere Confession in My Affairs and Thoughts”) as a single text. In the autobiographical works of the satirist, the Gospel text appears to be the most important connecting element determining the isomorphism of the author’s biography to the text. For the first time, D. Fonvizin’s “Autobiographical Trilogy” is investigated from the point of view of realizing the plot of the gospel parable about the prodigal son. The superimposition of the plot scheme of the parable (the departure of their father’s house — “Message to my servants…”, wanderings — “Letters from France”, the return of — “A Sincere Confession…”) reveals the transformation of the author’s spiritual and moral views: from godlessness through torment and spiritual search to repentance and gaining true Christian faith. The last work of Fonvizin is interpreted as an attempt to create the perfect autobiography. The system of epigraphs, as well as biblical quotes and allusions, are combined in an incomplete “Sincere Confession in My Deeds and Thoughts” into a single “supertext” of the author’s repentant prayer.
The Dichotomy of the Contemplative and Active Attitude to the World in I. S. Turgenev
Authors: Golovko Vyacheslav M.
Published: March 2020

The subject of scientific reflection is the contemplation and action as ways of the human attitude to the world, existence, substantiated and accomplished in the ontology of human life by I. S. Turgenev, thinker and artist. The presence of a “thought” and “will”, consciousness and action, knowledge and transformation is considered by the writer as a fundamental characteristic of the human way of existence, which becomes the semantic core of the philosophical and anthropological concept of the article-speech “Hamlet and Don Quixote” (1860), fundamental for the research on Turgenev's creative work at the level of historical poetics. The activity approach to the person, strengthened at the turn of the classical and non-classical stages of development of philosophical thought, — the time of formation of Turgenev’s world outlook, explains converging of the points of opposite “native types”, their transition from the ideal existence into the real one, their equally weighted opposition to the “evil and lies”. As a result, according to Turgenev's view the images of Hamlet and Don Quixote come together on the ground of “worship to the Truth” and the “idea of high merits” of the individual, in which the human “nature” and “quintessence” are objectified. Therefore, the analysis of the hamletian and don-quijotian types could be carried out by Turgenev just within the universal socio-cosmic lay of the interrelation of the opposites inherent in centripetal and centrifugal natural forces and their tendency to synthesis. The “tragic aspect of human life” engendered by the inaccessibility of such synthesis may be overcome by means of comprehension of the Truth, the “true meaning of nature”. Moreover, Turgenev’s ontological idea of the “Conciliation and absorbtion of everything existing in the other”, argued at the attitudinal and aesthetic levels, is the basis for the definition of the meaning of human life. This meaning is found in the balance between the content of all human life and the world, society, other people in the name of the “ideal”, establishment of the truth and justice. Hence, contemplation and action as forms of a morally responsible attitude to life in Turgenev’s artistic ontology are directly related to the problem of “high levels” and quality of human existence.
Characteristic Changes in the Density and Shear Viscosity of Human Blood Plasma with Varying Protein Concentration
Authors: Malomuzh N. P. , Bulavin L. A. , Gotsulskyi V. Ya. , Guslisty A. A.
Published: March 2020

The density and shear viscosity of human blood plasma and their dependence on the concentration of proteins (albumin, y-globulin, fibrinogen, etc.) entering the natural blood composition have been studied. The biomaterial concentration is varied by diluting the blood plasma with the isotonic aqueous solution. It is shown that a decrease in the biomaterial concentration down to 0.91 of its initial value leads to a drastic change in the plasma density and to a change in the character of the concentration dependence of the shear viscosity of blood plasma. A hypothesis is put forward that the observed changes in the density and shear viscosity result from the structural transformations induced by oligomerization processes; first of all, by the albumin dimerization. A conclusion is drawn that the introduced blood substitutes should not exceed 10% of the blood mass; otherwise, structural transformations of a biomaterial in blood plasma can be provoked.
Phonon-Polariton Excitations in MgZnO/6H-SiC Structures
Authors: Melnichuk O. V. , Melnichuk L. Yu. , Korsunska N. O. , Khomenkova L. Yu. , Venger E. F. , Venger I. V.
Published: March 2020

Specular infrared reflection spectra in the range of “residual rays” of the film and the substrate and in the case of the E⊥c orientation of the electric field have been simulated for the first time for thin MgxZn1−xO films deposited on optically anisotropic 6H-SiC substrates. The simulation was carried out making use of self-consistent parameters obtained earlier for magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, and silicon carbide single crystals. The film thickness and the Mg content x in the film are demonstrated to considerably distort the reflection spectra and to change the reflectivity of the MgxZn1−xO/6H-SiC structure. Using the Kramers–Kronig relation, the spectral intervals, where the reflectivity is sensitive to the film thickness and to the doping levels of the film and the substrate, are determined. The main attention is paid to analyze results obtained for x = 0.2. The existence of surface polaritons in such structures is theoretically demonstrated for the first time, and the attenuated total reflectance surface I(v)/I0(v) is plotted as a three-dimensional representation of the structure transmittance dependence on the radiation frequency and the incidence angle. A possibility to study the resonant interaction of optical phonons with plasmons in the film and the substrate is demonstrated.
Influence of Laser Energy on the Optical Properties of Ag2S ITO Thin Films Prepared by the PLD Technique
Authors: Hamid L. A. , Dwech M. H. , Aadim K. A.
Published: March 2020

Nanocrystalline silver sulfide (Ag2S) thin films were prepared by the pulse laser deposition technique (PLD) on the indium-tin oxide (ITO) substrate at room temperature. In the PLD technique, an Nd : YAG laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm at different laser energies from 400 to 900 mJ is used with an increment of 100 mJ in each step with 200 pulses for each sample. The optical properties such as the refraction index n, absorption coefficient a, and extinction coefficient k are examined using the transmission and absorbance measurements on a UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer in the wavelength range (200–1100) nm. The average extinction coefficient is found between 0.076–0.163, while the average refractive index is between 2.214–2.528. The energy band gap decreases from 2.39 to 1.9 eV with increasing the laser energy.
On the Role of Large Nuclear Gravity in Understanding Strong Coupling Constant, Nuclear Stability Range, Binding Energy of Isotopes and Magic proton numbers – A Critical Review
Authors: U.V.S. Seshavatharam  , S. Lakshminarayana
Published: March 2020

With reference to our earlier published views on large nuclear gravitational constant Gs, nuclear elementary charge es and strong coupling constant αs ≅ e/es 2, in this paper, we present simple relations for nuclear stability range, binding energy of isotopes and magic proton numbers. Even though ‘speculative’ in nature, proposed concepts are simple to understand, easy to implement, result oriented, effective and unified. Our proposed model seems to span across the Planck scale and nuclear scale and can be called as SPAN model (STRANGE* physics of atomic nucleus)
Mining cytochrome p450 genes through next generation sequencing and metagenomic analysis from Binh Chau hot spring
Authors: Tung Nguyen Van , Hoang Nguyen Huy , Thoa Nguyen Kim
Published: March 2020

Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) are one of the largest distributed enzymes, which catalyze more than 20 different reactions. At present, there has been an increasing realization of the power of P450 biocatalysts for the industrial synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, bulk chemicals, food ingredients, etc. On the other hand, the conditions of industrial processes at high temperature, high-pressure or in chemical solvent require the enzymes, which catalyze the bioconversion, have a specific properties such as thermostability, chemical tolerance or barophilicity. Up to date, the number of thermostable P450s is limited. Nowadays, DNA-metagenome technique gives us a chance to catch novel genes and unique interesting enzymes from microbial community in certain ecology. In this paper, metagenomic DNA extracted from water samples from Binh Chau hot spring was sequenced using Illumila’s HiSeq platform and was analysed to mining putative genes encoding cytochrome P450. The sequencing generated 9.4 Gb of reads containing 156,093 putative ORFs, of these, 106,903 genes were annotated in NCBI non-redundant protein sequence database. Among all the ORFs were annotated, 68 putative ORFs encoding cytochrome P450 were found belong to 36 specific groups of cytochrome P450 protein family. Of these, the melting temperature (Tm) from thirty-six completed ORFs was predicted for a better understanding of thermodynamic stability.
Diversity of plant-parasitic nematodes on medicinal plants in melinh station for biodiversity, Vinh Phuc Province, Vietnam
Authors: Tien Nguyen Huu , Duyen Nguyen Thi , Huy Le Duc , Neriza Nobleza , Phap Trinh Quang
Published: March 2020

Plant-parasitic nematodes are known as one of the most important pests attacking various plants in the world, and investigating the nematode component is very essential for management of this pest and prevent damage to plants in general. Our survey of plant-parasitic nematodes on medicinal plants in Melinh Station for Biodiversity, a place for conservation of precious plants and animals in Vietnam, identified ten species that belong to nine genera, five families, and two orders of plant-parasitic nematodes parasitizing six medicinal plants. Excoecaria cochinchinensis was parasitized by the highest number of nematode genera (5 genera, including Xiphinema, Discocriconemella, Meloidogyne, Helicotylenchus, and Hemicriconemoides), while Hymenocallis littoralis was associated with the highest number of plant-parasitic nematodes (2060 nematodes/250g soil). The results also showed that Discocriconemella limitanea was found to be a dominant species with the highest number of individuals on 6 medicinal plants, and the genus Helicotylenchus had the highest frequency of appearance (5/6 plants or 83.3%). These nematodes caused symptoms such as yellowing leaves, root galls, and root lesions, which directly affect the quality and yield of medicinal plants. Based on the results, this study showed that plant-parasitic nematodes are a potential threat to the cultivation of medicinal plants in Melinh Station for Biodiversity, and thus, control measures should be applied to ensure sustainable cultivation of medicinal plants in this place.
Biological characteristics of the japanese scad Decapterus maruadsi  in Thuan An estuary, Thua Thien Hue Province
Authors: Anh Tran Thi Ngoc , Huan Nguyen Xuan , Thanh Tran Trung , Nam Nguyen Thanh
Published: March 2020

A total of 257 Decapterus maruadsi individuals of collected from Thuan An estuary in Phu Vang District, Thua Thien Hue Province were analyzed. Results showed that the fork length ranged from 90 mm to 215 mm (160.2 mm on average) and mainly in the 140–180 mm range (86.8 %). Of three age groups (0+ to 2+), the fished stock belongfrom is primarily to the 1+ age group (63.8%) and 0+ age group (28.8%). Of five stomach fullness levels (0 to 4), the second and fourth degree made up significantly proportions, being 29.6% and 31.5%, respectively. For the five fat levels (0 to 4), the fourth degree made up 86.0%.  The females to males ratio was 1.00 : 1.42.  von Bertalanffy’s growth model followed the equation: Lt = 203.77 × (1–e-0.3747(t+3.0272)).
A giant crocodile skull from Cần Thơ, named “Dau Sau”, represents the largest known saltwater crocodile  (Crocodylus porosus)  ever reported from Vietnam
Authors: Ziegler Thomas , Tao Nguyen Thien , Minh Nguyen Trung , Manalo Rainier , Diesmos Arvin , Manolis Charlie
Published: March 2020

We report on a large crocodile skull recovered from a river bank in August 2010 near Đầu Sấu Bridge, in An Binh, Ninh Kieu District, Cần Thơ Province, in southern Vietnam. As the skull from Cần Thơ, named “Đầu Sấu“ herein, is now deposited in the Vietnam National Museum of Nature, Hanoi, we reinvestigated the circumstances surrounding its discovery and provide exact measurements. Skull length (dorsal mid-point) is 70.7 cm. The morphological features confirm it is from a Saltwater crocodile (Crocodylus porosus), and not a Siamese crocodile (C. siamensis), which historically also occurred throughout the Mekong Delta of Vietnam. Skull measurements are compared with those of other large C. porosus skulls for which reliable estimates of total length are available. We also provide measurements of the prepared skull of “Lolong” (69.8 cm), a 6.17 m long C. porosus captured in the Philippines in 2011. On the basis of known skull length:total length ratios the crocodile from Cần Thơ is estimated to be 6.3-6.8 m long. The skull of Đầu Sấu is likely to have been buried for at least 100 years. We discuss the origin of the local name Đầu Sấu, which has traditional and cultural significance, and provide historical reports of crocodiles in the area. Đầu Sấu is smaller than the largest known C. porosus skull (76 cm), but is the largest ever reported from Vietnam, and one of the largest C. porosus known.