bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Security of Cyber-Physical Systems: A Generalized Algorithm for Intrusion Detection and Determining Security Robustness of Cyber Physical Systems using Logical Truth Tables
Authors: Northcutt Curtis G.
Published: September 2014

The recent proliferation of embedded cyber components in modern physical systems [1] has generated a variety of new security risks which threaten not only cyberspace, but our physical environment as well. Whereas earlier security threats resided primarily in cyberspace, the increasing marriage of digital technology with mechanical systems in cyber-physical systems (CPS), suggests the need for more advanced generalized CPS security measures. To address this problem, in this paper we consider the first step toward an improved security model: detecting the security attack. Using logical truth tables, we have developed a generalized algorithm for intrusion detection in CPS for systems which can be defined over discrete set of valued states. Additionally, a robustness algorithm is given which determines the level of security of a discrete-valued CPS against varying combinations of multiple signal alterations. These algorithms, when coupled with encryption keys which disallow multiple signal alteration, provide for a generalized security methodology for both cyber-security and cyber-physical systems.
Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Cardiac Sarcomere Protein Titin Through 3’ Untranslated Regions
Authors: Shrout Tara A
Published: September 2014

Titin is the largest known protein in the human body, and forms the backbone of all striated muscle sarcomeres. The elastic nature of titin is an important component of muscle compliance and functionality. A significant amount of energy is expended to synthesize titin, thus we postulate that titin gene expression is under strict regulatory control in order to conserve cellular resources. In general, gene expression is mediated in part by post-transcriptional control elements located within the 5’ and 3’ untranslated regions (UTRs) of mature mRNA. The 3’UTR in particular contains structural features that affect binding capacity to other RNA components, such as MicroRNA, which control mRNA localization, translation, and degradation. The degree and significance of the regulatory effects mediated by two determined variants of titin’s 3’ UTR were evaluated in Neonatal Rat Ventricular Myocyte and Human Embryonic Kidney cell lines. Recombinant plasmids to transfect these cells lines were engineered by insertion of the variant titin 3’UTR 431- and 1047-base pairs sequences into luciferase reporter vectors. Expression due to an unaltered reporter vector served as the control. Quantitative changes in luciferase activity due to the recombinants proportionally represented the effect titin’s respective 3’UTR conferred on downstream post-transcriptional expression relative to the control. The effect due to titin’s shorter 3’UTR sequence was inconclusive; however, results illustrated that titin’s longer 3’UTR sequence caused a 35 percent decrease in protein expression. Secondary structural analysis of the two sequences revealed differential folding patterns that affect the stability and degree of MicroRNA-binding within titin’s variant 3’UTR sequences.
The Voiceless Colonizer: The Homosexual Man of Imperialism in Nineteenth Century Britain
Authors: Henderson Connor Douglas
Published: September 2014

This paper discusses the paradox of the British man in the nineteenth century as both an imperialist and a homosexual; its goal is to understand the lack of attention to the homosexual man in history in nineteenth century Britain and his inability to maintain substantial power and presence as the championed explorer or imperial officer. Through primary sources, we can analyze the language which reveals the perceived image of the explorer – and his apparently assumed heterosexuality – and, in addition, the laws condemning homosexuality, specifically those of sodomy. Other useful strategies will be to take historical lenses of the theme of homosexuality, such as settings of Greece and Rome, to analyze trends in societal norms in later Britain and, also, to compare these feelings to those felt toward women. Through these many different avenues, we may better understand the complex quandary of the homosexual man to be caused by the perceived violation of an expected gender role – in which the homosexual man is stripped of power and respect because of his lack of traditional masculinity.
Chemical and Physical Analyses of Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Sharman Kavya
Published: September 2014

Although silver has long been used as an antimicrobial agent, it is not used often due to economical and environmental concerns. However, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have the same properties as elemental silver and can be synthesized on a considerably more economical level. The objective of this study was to synthesize AgNPs and analyze their physical, chemical, and antimicrobial properties. The first portion of this study consisted of synthesizing AgNPs of 5nm, 35nm, 40nm, and 60nm lengths, using diluted lab solutions and sterile techniques. The physical analysis of the AgNPs was performed through visual color comparisons of their varied sizes, which confirmed their successful synthesis. A chemical analysis was then conducted using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, which measured their absorbance at a 635nm wavelength. Finally, the antimicrobial property of the AgNPs was investigated by inoculating a strain of Staphylococcus aureus with titrated concentrations of varied nanoparticle size. This titration allowed for the analysis of the relationship between the size of AgNPs and level of inhibition of S. aureus. The results of the bacterial inhibition were quantified using a colorimeter, which determined the density of the bacteria and the consequent level of inhibition. The results were analyzed using an ANOVA test, which determined that at a 95% significance level, AgNPs were successfully able to inhibit the growth of S. aureus. However, the results of an ensuing series of t-tests indicated that there was not a consistent relationship between the size of the nanoparticles and the level of bacterial inhibition.
Design and Control of a Free-Liquid-Piston Engine Compressor for Compact Robot Power
Authors: Kumar Nithin , Hofacker Mark , Barth Eric
Published: September 2014

This paper presents the design and control of a free-liquid-piston engine compressor (FLPEC). The FLPEC produces low temperature, high-pressure air for use as a high energy density power supply for untethered, compact robots. Internal combustion with a propane-air mixture in the engine combustion chamber drives a high inertance, low mass liquid piston, which compresses air into an onboard reservoir. A real time logical controller is implemented in Matlab to regulate the timings of the air and fuel injection, spark, and exhaust valve and to compensate for misfires. Experimental pressure data is overlaid with the logical state of the injectors, spark plug, and exhaust valve to demonstrate the efficacy of the controller to account for cycle-to-cycle pressure variations in the combustion chamber.
How the fear of death incites suicide in men and women according to Classical literature
Authors: Ivy Kathryn Stevens
Published: September 2014

In this paper, I will explain how a few Roman writers explore the process and contemplation that leads to suicide, particularly Lucretius through his work De Rerum Natura. I will contrast this Epicurean stance to Stoic perspectives using Vergil’s epic Aeneid, Seneca’s Epistles and Cicero’s Dream of Scipio and Tusculans. Each of these authors comments on the act of suicide and the social connotations that accompany self-murder, including its reception based on the suicide’s gender. These authors’ use of suicide and a person’s virtus shows how they perceive gender equality or inequality when it comes to death. All of the authors examined in this paper agree that the fear of the death is an important issue in the Roman world. Lucretius’ approach to encounter one’s fear of death is focus more on physics; this enables him to take a non-gendered approach because all humans are made up of the same atoms just in different compositions. However, Vergil, Seneca, and Cicero construct systems that examine the fear of death from a more ethical side. I will explain that, unlike his contemporaries, Lucretius portrays suicide and the fear of death through specifically gender-neutral references to dispel its fear from all his readers; he explains that everyone experiences the same death and we can all attain virtus before death through subscribing to Epicurean ideals.
What is the literary function of the motherhood motif in Toni Morrison’s A Mercy?
Authors: Monk Steve
Published: September 2014

This research paper examines the literary function of the motherhood motif in Toni Morrison’s A Mercy. The paper analyzes the presentation of the major characters in the novel and their relation to motherhood. A Mercy is a multi-layered, imagery-laden novel containing hidden themes and social commentary. Analyzation of the motherhood motif reveals the subtle societal comments Morrison makes in the novel. The complex motherhood motif fuels the characterization of two of the main characters in the novel, Jacob and Florens. In addition, its multi-perspective nature comments on the influence of stereotypes and discrimination in society.

The scope of the investigation includes the opinion of Toni Morrison critics and interviews with Morrison. Thus, my critical analysis can be synthesized with Morrison’s own opinion of her own works as well as the opinion of literary critics.
Mastopatia linfocítica simulando neoplasia de mama: relato de caso
Authors: Campos Gabriela Couto Possati , Castro Melissa Vieira Koch e , Mattos Viviane Ferreira Esteves de , Pinto Laura Zaiden Ferreira e , Boechat Marcia Cristina Bastos , Santos Alair Augusto Sarmet Moreira Damas dos
Published: September 2014

A mastopatia linfocítica acomete mulheres jovens e de meia idade e está frequentemente associada a doenças autoimunes. Seu diagnóstico é feito associando achados clínicos (espessamento ou nódulo mamário endurecido), radiológicos (aumento da densidade mamária, nódulo e calcificações), ultrassonográficos (nódulo com sombra acústica posterior), histopatológicos (fibrose e infiltrado linfocítico) e imuno-histoquímicos. É uma entidade benigna que pode simular carcinoma. Neste artigo, relata-se um caso de paciente com mastopatia linfocítica.
Intervalos de referência para o volume da cisterna magna fetal por meio do método bidimensional usando o modo multiplanar da ultrassonografia tridimensional
Authors: Nardozza Luciano Marcondes Machado , Passos Ana Paula , Araujo Júnior Edward , Bruns Rafael Frederico , Moron Antonio Fernandes
Published: September 2014

Objetivo:Determinar intervalos de referência para o volume da cisterna magna fetal por meio do método bidimensional (2D) usando o modo multiplanar da ultrassonografia tridimensional.Materiais e Métodos:Estudo de corte transversal com 224 gestantes normais entre a 17ª e 29ª semanas. O volume foi obtido automaticamente pela multiplicação dos três maiores eixos nos planos axial e sagital pela constante 0,52. Regressão polinomial foi realizada para obter correlação entre o volume 2D da cisterna magna e a idade gestacional, sendo os ajustes realizados pelo coeficiente de determinação (R2). Confiabilidade e concordância foram obtidas pelo coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (CCI) e limites de concordância.Resultados:A média do volume da cisterna magna 2D variou de 0,71 ± 0,19 cm3 para 4,18 ± 0,75 cm3 entre a 17ª e 29ª semanas, respectivamente. Observou-se boa correlação do volume da cisterna magna fetal 2D e a idade gestacional (R2 = 0,67). Observou-se excelente confiabilidade e concordância intraobservador com CCI = 0,89 e limites de concordância 95% (-52,0; 51,8), respectivamente. Observou-se baixa confiabilidade e concordância interobservador com CCI = 0,64 e limites de concordância 95% (-110,1; 84,6), respectivamente.Conclusão:Intervalos de referência para o volume 2D da cisterna magna fetal usando o modo multiplanar da ultrassonografia tridimensional foram determinados e apresentaram excelente confiabilidade e concordância intraobservador.
Incidence of overweight/obesity in preschool children during a two-year follow-up
Authors: Menezes Caroline Franz Broering de , Neves Janaina das , Gonsalez Priscila Schramm , Vasconcelos Francisco de Assis Guedes de
Published: September 2014

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the incidence of overweight/obesity and associated factors in children aged six years or less during a two-year follow-up. METHODS: This longitudinal cohort study followed 242 preschoolers from Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, from 2008 to 2010. The outcome was overweight/obesity (Z-score >+2) measured by accumulated incidence. The Chi-square test measured the differences between the study factors. The association between overweight/obesity and associated factors was analyzed by adjusted and crude rate ratios. RESULTS: Nine (4.00%) of the 222 non-overweight/obese children in 2008 were overweight/obese in 2010, indicating an accumulated incidence of overweight/obesity of 4.05% (1.4-6.7). The study accumulated incidence of overweight/obesity was 20.25/year/1000, similar to the incidence density of 20.65/year/1000. CONCLUSION: After adjustment, none of the study factors were associated with overweight/obesity. However, the lack of studies that investigate the incidence of overweight and obesity in preschoolers calls for longitudinal studies with larger samples that analyze not only the incidence of overweight/obesity but also other factors, such as the influence of parents' nutritional status on their offspring's nutritional status.
Are inappropriate eating behaviors and anxiety related with track and field in adolescent athletes?
Authors: Fortes Leonardo de Sousa , Almeida Sebastião de Sousa , Ferreira Maria Elisa Caputo
Published: September 2014

OBJECTIVE: The study analyzed the relationship between anxiety and inappropriate eating behaviors in adolescent female athletes. METHODS: Eighty-eight track and field athletes aged 12 to 17 years participated in the study. We used the Eating Attitudes Test-26 subscales to assess inappropriate eating behaviors and the Brazilian State - Trait Anxiety Inventory subscales to assess State and Trait anxiety. RESULTS: State - Trait Anxiety Inventory - State (p=0.18) or State - Trait Anxiety Inventory - Trait (p=0.14) had no significant influence on the Dieting subscale score. The Bulimia and Food Preoccupation subscale score was also not influenced by State - Trait Anxiety Inventory - State (p=0.25) or State - Trait Anxiety Inventory - Trait (p=0.21). However, State - Trait Anxiety Inventory - Trait (p=0.048) had a significant impact on the Oral Control subscale score, but State - Trait Anxiety Inventory - State (p=0.19) did not explain its variance. CONCLUSION: Only State - Trait Anxiety Inventory - Trait was related to oral control and the environmental and social forces that encourage food intake in female athletes.
Prevalence of malnutrition and associated factors in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Freitas Ana Tereza Vaz de Souza , Vaz Inaiana Marques Filizola , Ferraz Sanzia Francisca , Peixoto Maria do Rosário Gondim , Campos Marta Isabel Valente Moraes
Published: September 2014

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of malnutrition and associated factors in hemodialysis patients. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study of 344 hemodialysis patients from Goiânia, Goiás aged 18 years or more. The dependent variable, malnutrition, was investigated by the Subjective Global Assessment. The independent variables included socioeconomic, demographic, and lifestyle data, clinical history, and energy and protein intakes. The patients underwent anthropometric measurements and laboratory tests. Multiple Poisson regression determined the associated factors (p<0.05). RESULTS: Mild or moderate malnutrition was found in 22.4% of the patients. Malnourished patients had lower body mass index, mid-arm muscle circumference, percentage of body fat, serum creatinine (p<0.001), and normalized protein nitrogen appearance (p=0.001). Multivariate analysis identified the following factors associated with malnutrition: age between 19 and 29 years (PR=1.23, 95%CI=1.06-1.43), family income less than 2 minimum salaries (PR=1.13, 95%CI=1.01-1.27), hemodialysis vintage >60 months (PR=1.08, 95%CI=1.01-1.16), Kt/V>1.2 (RP=1.12, 95%CI=1.03-1.22), calorie intake <35 kcal/kg/day (PR=1.22, 95%CI=1.10-1.34), and normalized protein nitrogen appearance <1.0 g/kg/day (PR=1.13, 95%CI=1.05-1.21). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of malnutrition in this population was high, corroborating the literature. The prevalence was higher in patients aged less than 29 years and those with low family income, longer hemodialysis vintage, higher Kt/V, and inadequate protein and calorie intakes. Strategies to reverse this situation should include more nutritional care.
Efeitos do aquecimento e do alongamento na resposta neuromuscular dos isquiotibiais
Authors: Nogueira João Felipe de Souza , Lins Caio Alano de Almeida , Souza Angelica Vieira Cavalcanti , Brasileiro Jamilson Simões
Published: September 2014

INTRODUÇÃO: A preparação para a atividade esportiva frequentemente envolve aquecimento e/ou alongamento, no intuito de prevenir lesões e/ou melhorar o desempenho. No entanto, a maneira como essas práticas podem interferir nos mecanismos neuromusculares de controle articular não é clara.OBJETIVO: Analisar o efeito imediato do alongamento e do aquecimento, isolados ou associados, no tempo de latência muscular (TLM) e na amplitude de ativação dos isquiotibiais, após perturbações repentinas da articulação do joelho.MÉTODOS: Sessenta voluntários do sexo feminino (média de idade de 22,3 ± 1,7 anos e IMC 21,4 ± 1,3 kg/cm2) foram divididas aleatoriamente em quatro grupos: (1) controle, (2) aquecimento, (3) alongamento, (4) aquecimento + alongamento. A atividade elétrica dos isquiotibiais foi captada por eletromiografia de superfície durante uma perturbação súbita do joelho. Um eletrogoniômetro detectou o início da variação angular, enquanto os eletrodos captaram o início e a amplitude da atividade muscular antes e após as intervenções. Como procedimento estatístico utilizou-se ANOVA two-way e post-hoc de Tukey, considerando-se como nível de significância p < 0,05.RESULTADOS: O TLM do bíceps femoral e do semitendíneo foi reduzido nos grupos 3 (p = 0,048 e 0,027, respectivamente) e 4 (p = 0,026 e 0,039, respectivamente). Não houve alteração significativa da amplitude de ativação muscular nos grupos avaliados.CONCLUSÕES: Os dados do presente estudo sugerem que, embora não tenham sido observadas alterações na amplitude eletromiográfica, o alongamento passivo e estático, utilizado de forma isolada ou associado ao aquecimento, promoveu uma redução do TLM dos isquiotibiais. Essa redução pode vir a ser um fator de proteção de lesões musculares e articulares, após uma perturbação súbita, como as que ocorrem na prática desportiva.
Lesões desportivas e cutâneas em adeptos de corrida de rua
Authors: Purim Kátia Sheylla Malta , KappTitski Ana Cláudia , Bento Paulo César Barauce , Leite Neiva
Published: September 2014

INTRODUÇÃO: A corrida de rua é uma modalidade em expansão e tem sido utilizada como lazer, esporte ou prática competitiva.OBJETIVO: Verificar frequência de lesões desportivas e cutâneas em atletas de corrida de rua. Material eMÉTODOS: Estudo transversal de 220 atletas de corrida de rua com questionário e observação clínica. Análise pelos testes t, Mann-Whitney, Qui-quadrado e correlação de Spearman.RESULTADOS: Predominaram atletas do sexo masculino, adultos, praticantes de corrida de longa distância, que treinam em média 45 a 60 minutos com frequência de 2 e 3 vezes por semana e têm participação variável em competições. As principais lesões relatadas foram dor no joelho (30,4%), distensão/estiramento muscular (16,7%), tendinites (10,1%), dor nos quadris (7,3%) e dor na coluna (7%), sem diferenças estatísticas entre os gêneros. Houve associação significativa entre quilômetros percorridos em treino e lesões musculares nos homens (p = 0,0477, x = 9,60). O calçado esportivo teve relação com presença de unhas encravadas e perdas ungueais nas mulheres.CONCLUSÃO: Os homens apresentaram maior frequência de lesões musculares e as mulheres, de afecções cutâneas e ungueais.
Estudo radiográfico da reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior pela via transtibial
Authors: Fernandes Rafael de Souza Campos , Franciozi Carlos Eduardo da Silveira , Fernandes Ricardo de Souza Campos , Oliveira Marlon Alves Subtil de , Nascimento Laura , Ingham Sheila Jean McNeill , Daher Samir Salim , Waisberg Jaques , Abdalla Rene Jorge
Published: September 2014

INTRODUÇÃO: A ruptura do ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) é frequente devido às atividades esportivas, e sua reconstrução tem sofrido constantes modificações com o aprimoramento das técnicas cirúrgicas.OBJETIVO: Avaliar radiologicamente o posicionamento dos túneis tibial e femoral com o uso da técnica transtibial auxiliada pela pré-perfuração femoral.MÉTODO: Análise radiológica (AP e perfil), na quarta semana de pós-operatório de 98 pacientes, totalizando 100 casos de reconstrução do LCA. Três examinadores avaliaram o posicionamento dos túneis tibial e femoral pelos seguintes métodos: Scanlan, Staubli e Rauschning e Bernard.RESULTADOS: O posicionamento do ângulo α (AP) foi de 64,13o(± 4,29o) e do ângulo β (perfil), de 57,28o (± 4,41o). A média de posicionamento tibial foi de 41,99% (± 5,14%). O enxerto do LCA foi inserido no côndilo lateral do fêmur e a média em porcentagem de posicionamento no quadrante verde foi de 62%, no quadrante amarelo, de 37% e de 1% no vermelho.CONCLUSÕES: A técnica transtibial de reconstrução do LCA auxiliada pela pré-perfuração femoral proporciona o posicionamento anatômico do enxerto na grande maioria dos casos, conforme comprovação radiológica.
Eletromiográfia do reto femoral em diferentes equipamentos proprioceptivos no meio aquático
Authors: Martins Cassio Noronha , Tarouco Cassius Porciuncula , Martin Daniela Gomez , Signori Luis Ulisses
Published: September 2014

INTRODUÇÃO: A propriocepção é uma variável imprescindível para prevenção e reabilitação das lesões do joelho, podendo ser estimulada por diferentes equipamentos, os quais ainda não foram testados em meio aquático.OBJETIVO: Avaliar a atividade eletromiográfica (EMG) do músculo reto femoral de atletas no meio aquático frente a três diferentes equipamentos proprioceptivos (cama elástica, disco proprioceptivo e balancim).MÉTODOS: A amostra foi composta por dez jogadores de futsal profissional, sem histórico de lesões musculoesqueléticas (últimos três meses), com 23,1 (±1,5) anos e índice de massa corporal 25,2 (±0,5) kg/m². A aquisição do sinal EMG do reto femoral do membro dominante foi adquirido por eletrodos de superfície, aproximadamente 2,5 cm da posição distal do ponto motor. O nível da água foi ajustado individualmente (entre a região umbilical e o processo xifoide) e a temperatura mantida a 32 °C. As avaliações compreenderam o repouso, a contração voluntária máxima (CVM) antes e depois dos experimentos e os estímulos proprioceptivos (cama elástica, disco proprioceptivo e balancim) em apoio unipodal. Os dados (média ± erro padrão) foram comparados pelo teste-tpareado e pela ANOVA para medidas repetidas seguida de testeBonferrroni (post hoc).RESULTADOS: A EMG da CVM antes (221,0 ± 134 RMS/µVolts) e depois (243,0 ± 154,0 RMS/µVolts) foi semelhante (p = 0,129). No meio aquático, a cama elástica, o balancim e o disco apresentaram respectivamente 24,5 (±4,3), 33,9 (±4,3) e 32,5 (±6,7) %CVM. A atividade EMG do reto femoral na cama elástica foi 8% menor que o balancim e 9,5% que o disco proprioceptivo (p < 0,001).CONCLUSÃO: No meio aquático os equipamentos proprioceptivos promovem a ativação do reto femoral. Entretanto, a cama elástica apresenta menor atividade que o disco e o balancim, sugerindo-se que este equipamento deva ser utilizado no início da estimulação proprioceptiva.
Burnout e enfrentamento em jogadores de futebol: fases pré e durante competição
Authors: Verardi Carlos Eduardo Lopes , Santos Adriana Barbosa , Nagamine Kazuo Kawano , Carvalho Tales de , Miyazaki Maria Cristina de Oliveira Santos
Published: September 2014

INTRODUÇÃO: No contexto esportivo, a falta de estratégias adequadas de enfrentamento e a síndrome de Burnoutpodem ser fatores limitadores do desenvolvimento e desempenho dos atletas.OBJETIVO: Avaliar Burnout e formas de enfrentamento entre jogadores de futebol, profissionais e de categorias de base, durante as fases pré-competição e competição.MÉTODOS: Em estudo prospectivo, foram avaliados 73 jogadores de futebol do sexo masculino, sendo 32 profissionais (média de idade = 22 ± 4,14 anos) e 41 amadores (média de idade = 17 ± 0,94 anos), todos integrantes de três equipes participantes do Campeonato Paulista das Séries A-1 e A-2 (categoria profissional) e Copa São Paulo de Futebol Júnior (categoria amador), Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Para avaliar as variáveis Burnoute estratégias de enfrentamento foram utilizados os instrumentos: escala modos de enfretamento de problema (EMEP) e o questionário de Burnout para atletas (QBA). Utilizou-se estatística descritiva para análise dos dados, com nível de significância de 0,05.RESULTADOS: Observou-se que há diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre as categorias na fase pré-competição (p = 0,026), mas que não há diferenças na fase de competição (p = 0,468). Isso sugere que amadores e profissionais utilizam estratégias de enfrentamento distintas, que na maioria dos casos, para as duas categorias, foram focalizadas no problema.CONCLUSÃO: Durante a fase de competição os atletas com escores mais elevados de Burnoutreferentes à dimensão reduzido senso de realização esportiva estão associados ao modo de enfrentamento focalizado nas práticas religiosas/pensamento fantasioso.
Estratégia como prática social e teoria da ação comunicativa: possíveis aproximações teóricas
Authors: Zwick Elisa , Silva Isabel Cristina da , Brito Mozar José de
Published: September 2014

Este artigo visa a discutir as possíveis aproximações teóricas entre a estratégia como prática social (EPS) e a teoria da ação comunicativa (TAC), instituída por Jürgen Habermas. Almejou-se construir um diálogo analítico, destacando as interfaces que podem ser estabelecidas entre esses construtos. Especificamente, buscou-se: (i) descrever o arcabouço teórico da estratégia como prática social; (ii) discutir os aspectos conceituais da teoria da ação comunicativa; e (iii) apresentar as possíveis aproximações teóricas entre a estratégia como prática social e a teoria da ação comunicativa. Argumenta-se que a TAC tem elementos interessantes a contribuir com a estratégia como prática e que, por esse motivo, é necessário explorar as aproximações teóricas. Desse modo, este artigo contribui singularmente para associar o pensamento habermasiano às perspectivas teóricas da estratégia como prática social, especialmente em seus elementos razão e verdade, entendimento e consenso, que ensejam contribuições substanciais da racionalidade comunicativa para a estratégia como prática social.
Institutional and familial cost of patients in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Villarreal-Ríos Enrique , Cárdenas-Maldonado Cecilia , Vargas-Daza Emma Rosa , Galicia-Rodríguez Liliana , Martínez-González Lidia , Baca-Baca Roberto
Published: September 2014

Objective: to determine the cost of institutional and familial care for patients with chronic kidney disease replacement therapy with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Methods: a study of the cost of care for patients with chronic kidney disease treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis was undertaken. The sample size (151) was calculated with the formula of the averages for an infinite population. The institutional cost included the cost of outpatient consultation, emergencies, hospitalization, ambulance, pharmacy, medication, laboratory, x-rays and application of erythropoietin. The family cost included transportation cost for services, cost of food during care, as well as the cost of medication and treatment materials acquired by the family for home care. The analysis included averages, percentages and confidence intervals. Results: the average annual institutional cost is US$ 11,004.3. The average annual family cost is US$ 2,831.04. The average annual cost of patient care in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis including institutional and family cost is US$ 13,835.35. Conclusion: the cost of chronic kidney disease requires a large amount of economic resources, and is becoming a serious problem for health services and families. It's also true that the form of patient management in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis is the most efficient in the use of institutional resources and family.
Preschool Language Assessment Instrument, second edition, in Brazilian Portuguese-speaking children
Authors: Lindau Tâmara Andrade , Rossi Natalia Freitas , Giacheti Célia Maria
Published: September 2014

PURPOSE: To present a brief report on the initial results of the application of Preschool Language Assessment Instrument, second edition, in Brazilian Portuguese-speaking children.METHODS: The study included 300 children with typical language development, from both genders, aged from 3 to 5 years and 11 months, as proposed by the original test version. After translation, back-translation, and adaptation of the second edition of the Preschool Language Assessment Instrument, the instrument was administered to investigate the receptive and expressive language skills.RESULTS: There was a significant difference between the average gross scores of the three groups for both "receptive" and "expressive" language skills, and a growing tendency of scores according to age.CONCLUSION: After analysis, we found that versions translated and adapted for Brazilian Portuguese speakers allow one to evaluate and discriminate the performance of children in receptive and expressive language skills, according to age group, as well as the original version.
Computerized protocol of orofacial myofunctional evaluation with scores: usability and validity
Authors: Felício Cláudia Maria de , Folha Gislaine Aparecida , Gaido Alice Stahl , Dantas Márcio de Mendonça Mancine , Azevedo-Marques Paulo Mazzoncini de
Published: September 2014

PURPOSE: To test the usability of Computerized Orofacial Myofunctional Evaluation (OMES) protocol and analyze its validity.METHODS: The study was divided into three stages: the first stage, production of the computerized version of OMES. The second stage was the validation of the user's interface, in which 100 OMES protocols of a database, filled in printed version, were transferred using the computerized instrument. Necessary changes to the system have occurred at this stage. In the third stage, usability of the OMES protocol in multimedia version, three evaluators transferred data from other 25 printed protocols from database for the computerized version, and the time to transfer the data of each protocol was computed and compared between examiners by one-way ANOVA. Moreover, these evaluators analyzed the usability of computerized protocol according to the "Ten principles of Heuristics usability" as described in the literature.RESULTS: The computerized protocol satisfied the principles of heuristics usability, according to the evaluation of the three Speech-Language Pathology evaluators, and the average time spent by the evaluators to transpose the data of each protocol to the software ranged from 3.1±0.75 to 3.83±0.91 minutes.CONCLUSION: The Computerized AMIOFE protocol is valid and had its usability/functionality confirmed.
Postprandial lipemia and cardiovascular diseases: the beneficial role of strength exercise
Authors: Correa Cleiton Silva , Teixeira Bruno Costa , Bittencourt Aline , Macedo Rodrigo Cauduro Oliveira , Reischak-Oliveira Álvaro
Published: September 2014

Development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) has been linked with changes to the lipid profile that can be observed during the postprandial period, a phenomenon known as postprandial lipemia (PL). Physical exercise is currently the number one non-pharmacological intervention employed for prevention and reduction of risk factors for the development of CVD. This in turn has created a growing interest in the effects of physical exercise on regulation and equilibrium of lipid metabolism. In this review we compare the results of studies that have investigated the beneficial effects of strength training on PL. We analyzed articles identified in the PubMed, Scopus and EBSCO databases published from 1975 to 2013 in international journals. Studies were selected for review if they covered at least two of four keywords. The results of these studies lead to the conclusion that strength training is effective for reduction of postprandial lipemia because it increases baseline energy expenditure. This type of training can be prescribed as an important element in strategies to treat chronic diseases, such as atherosclerosis.
Two-stage hybrid open-endovascular repair of a Crawford type IV aortic aneurysm: therapeutic challenge
Authors: Farret Neto Abdo , Oliveira Liana Berucia Freire de , Alves Guilherme Tarso de Andrade , Andrade George Anderson da Penha , Faria Eduardo Dantas Baptista de
Published: September 2014

We present a case of a patient with Crawford type IV aortic thoracoabdominal aneurysm. The patient underwent hybrid repair in two stages. Initially a Dacron(r) graft was implanted surgically with revascularization of all visceral branches from the left external iliac artery (debranching). On a later date, the second stage of treatment was with an endovascular technique with bi aorto-iliac endoprosthesis. After 2 years the patient remains asymptomatic and in full working activity.
A case study involving a blunt abdominal trauma leading to disruption of the aortic bifurcation in an infant
Authors: Jesus-Silva Seleno Glauber de , Cardoso Rodolfo Souza , Silva Melissa Andreia de Moraes , Maringolo Luiz Gonzaga Fernandez , Rodrigues Marcelo Mendonça , Miranda Jr. Fausto
Published: September 2014

The incidence of aortic disruption secondary to blunt abdominal trauma is rarely reported in the pediatric population. In general, most of the cases described are the result of motor vehicle accidents. We report on the treatment and outcomes of a 5-year-old child with aortic bifurcation disruption secondary to an unusual case of blunt abdominal trauma who was admitted to the emergency room in hypovolemic shock and subjected to immediate exploratory laparotomy and vascular repair. The mechanical forces involved in aortic disruption and the management options for repair and treatment of this injury will be discussed.
Persistence of a hypoglossal artery: case report
Authors: Timi Jorge Rufino Ribas , Coelho Luiz Otavio de Mattos , Pasini Ricardo Scopel
Published: September 2014

The authors present a case of persistent hypoglossal artery. Persistent hypoglossal artery is the second most common carotid-basilar anastomosis with a frequency of 0.02% to 0.09% and it can be associated with cerebrovascular disease. Diagnosis is by imaging methods and angiotomography is the method most often employed.
Endovascular treatment of iatrogenic penetrating trauma of the carotid artery: case report
Authors: Lichtenfels Eduardo , Cardozo Marco Aurelio , Erling Jr. Nilon , Aerts Newton Roesch
Published: September 2014

Carotid trauma demands early diagnosis and treatment. Open repair may be technically challenging if the trauma is at the base of the neck. We present a case of iatrogenic penetrating carotid trauma caused by insertion of a hemodialysis catheter. Treatment was accomplished by placement of a covered stent-graft in the common carotid artery, covering the puncture site. This case suggests that placement of a covered stent-graft is a good option for treatment of iatrogenic injury to the carotid artery.
Assistência aos pais de recém-nascidos pré-termo em unidades neonatais
Authors: Scochi Carmen Gracinda Silvan , Mello Débora Falleiros de , Melo Luciana de Lione , Gaíva Maria Aparecida Munhoz
Published: September 2014

O objetivo deste trabalho é refletir sobre a assistência aos pais de neonatos prematuros e de baixo peso ao nascer, em unidades neonatais, fundamentando-se em dados da literatura e em experiências práticas das autoras. Embora o direito materno de permanecer junto ao filho esteja assegurado por lei, a grande maioria dos berçários ainda mantém os horários restritos de visita. Todavia, já se dispõe de serviços que liberam totalmente a permanência materna nestes berçários, questionando se é permitido o envolvimento efetivo dos pais com os cuidados do filho. Na assistência de enfermagem, as autoras sugerem estratégias de intervenção visando a adaptação dos pais a nova situação e o fortalecimento do vínculo entre pais e bebê, dentre elas destacam-se: o livre acesso dos pais ao berçário; incentivo ao contato físico precoce entre pais e filho; implantação de grupos de apoio envolvendo equipe multiprofissional e pais de bebês em diferentes estágios de evolução clínica; incentivo ao aleitamento materno e à execução de cuidados diretos ao filho; implantação de redes de apoio formal e informal dirigidas aos pais durante a hospitalização do filho e após a alta hospitalar.
Dimensões factual e virtual no gerenciamento da enfermeira
Authors: Trevizan Maria Auxiliadora , Mendes Isabel Amélia Costa , Cury Suzel Regina Ribeiro , Fávero Neide , Caldonha Alessandra Mazzo
Published: September 2014

Sob o ângulo da análise histórica, tanto da organização hospitalar como do exercício da enfermagem no contexto burocrático do hospital, constatou-se que a instituição estudada atribui à enfermeira um acervo de funções gerenciais, principalmente do tipo burocrático. Este fato foi verificado através de dados empíricos extraídos do seu desempenho nas unidades de internação, demonstrando que, dentre suas funções, as de gerenciamento são privilegiadas naquela instituição. A interpretação que se deu a esses resultados foi a de que no âmbito hospitalar a enfermeira não pode se furtar ao exercício da função gerencial, embora se espere que esse exercício se faça de modo diverso do encontrado. Diante desses fatos, ou seja, dessa dimensão factual, as autoras delineam a dimensão virtual do processo de gerenciamento.
Técnico de enfermagem: o perfil traçado por profissionais da área
Authors: Stutz Beatriz Lemos
Published: September 2014

A presente investigação tem por finalidade destacar as bases em que se efetivam a qualificação e as nuances que permeiam a atuação do Técnico de Enfermagem na atualidade, no Município de Uberlândia. Optou-se por realizar uma pesquisa qualitativa, tendo como referencial a análise de discurso, utilizando-se como técnica de coleta de dados um roteiro de entrevista semi-estruturado. Foram definidas, quatro categorias básicas de análise: educação-trabalho, currículo, identidade profissional e expectativas. A partir do estudo detalhado destas categorias, é possível refletir sobre a relação educação-trabalho no ensino médio; os aspectos ligados à regulamentação e ao exercício da enfermagem no Brasil; a importância do currículo na organização de experiências do conhecimento; o significado e as influências do trabalho na construção da identidade profissional. Busca-se traçar, em última instância, o perfil do técnico de enfermagem partindo da análise das funções por ele desempenhadas e do modo como vê seu processo de profissionalização.
Socioeconomic inequality in catastrophic health expenditure in Brazil
Authors: Boing Alexandra Crispim , Bertoldi Andréa Dâmaso , Barros Aluísio Jardim Dornellas de , Posenato Leila Garcia , Peres Karen Glazer
Published: September 2014

OBJECTIVE To analyze the evolution of catastrophic health expenditure and the inequalities in such expenses, according to the socioeconomic characteristics of Brazilian families.METHODS Data from the National Household Budget 2002-2003 (48,470 households) and 2008-2009 (55,970 households) were analyzed. Catastrophic health expenditure was defined as excess expenditure, considering different methods of calculation: 10.0% and 20.0% of total consumption and 40.0% of the family’s capacity to pay. The National Economic Indicator and schooling were considered as socioeconomic characteristics. Inequality measures utilized were the relative difference between rates, the rates ratio, and concentration index.RESULTS The catastrophic health expenditure varied between 0.7% and 21.0%, depending on the calculation method. The lowest prevalences were noted in relation to the capacity to pay, while the highest, in relation to total consumption. The prevalence of catastrophic health expenditure increased by 25.0% from 2002-2003 to 2008-2009 when the cutoff point of 20.0% relating to the total consumption was considered and by 100% when 40.0% or more of the capacity to pay was applied as the cut-off point. Socioeconomic inequalities in the catastrophic health expenditure in Brazil between 2002-2003 and 2008-2009 increased significantly, becoming 5.20 times higher among the poorest and 4.17 times higher among the least educated.CONCLUSIONS There was an increase in catastrophic health expenditure among Brazilian families, principally among the poorest and those headed by the least-educated individuals, contributing to an increase in social inequality.
Brazilian physical activity guidelines as a strategy for health promotion
Authors: Sebastião Emerson , Schwingel Andiara , Chodzko-Zajko Wojtek
Published: September 2014

Public health actions endorsed by the federal government, for instance, health promotion initiatives, usually have greater impact at population level compared to other types of initiatives. This commentary aims to instigate debate on the importance and necessity of producing federally endorsed brazilian physical activity guidelines as a strategy for health promotion.
Biologia de ninfas e adultos do percevejo-verde em estruturas reprodutivas de algodoeiro
Authors: Azambuja Rosalia , Degrande Paulo Eduardo , Pereira Fabricio Fagundes , Pastori Patrik Luiz
Published: September 2014

O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a biologia de ninfas e adultos do percevejo-verde em estruturas reprodutivas do algodoeiro. Os alimentos testados foram: dieta padrão, contendo vagem de feijão, amendoim cru e frutos de ligustro; vagem verde de soja; semente de soja; botão floral de algodoeiro; e maçãs e sementes de algodoeiro. Foram avaliados os parâmetros biológicos: período de desenvolvimento e sobrevivência ninfal; longevidade de fêmeas e machos; percentagem de fêmeas em oviposição; períodos de pré-oviposição e oviposição; número total de ovos por fêmea; e viabilidade dos ovos. Ninfas alimentadas com estruturas reprodutivas do algodoeiro morreram no segundo ou no terceiro ínstar. Adultos alimentados com botão floral e semente de algodoeiro não se reproduzem; porém, há reprodução quando adultos os de percevejo-verde são alimentados com maçã de algodoeiro, o que indica a capacidade de adaptação da espécie na fase reprodutiva do algodoeiro.
O culto católico e a representação do corpo masculino na literatura anticlerical brasileira (século XIX)
Authors: Santos Cristian José Oliveira
Published: September 2014

Analisa-se a possível relação entre práticas religiosas e o corpo masculino doentio na literatura anticlerical brasileira do século XIX. Recorreuse, para isso, a análise do personagem Bernardo, protagonista de Morbus: romance patológico, de 1898, do pernambucano Faria Neves Sobrinho, observando o papel dos ritos celebrativos - missa e peregrinação - no seu quadro enfermiço. Conclui-se que o texto em questão é configurado dentro da lógica modernizante cientificista e anticlerical oitocentista ao estabelecer vínculos inequívocos entre a histeria masculina e a prática religiosa perversora.
"Servindo a Lúcifer e não a Clio": a retórica da suspeição e da deslegitimação profissional na historiografia sobre o Oeste norte-americano (c. 1990-c.1995)
Authors: Avila Arthur Lima De
Published: September 2014

Nos anos 1990, o campo historiográfico norte-americano da Western History foi palco de um debate intelectual intenso sobre o significado da história do Oeste para os Estados Unidos entre a chamada "New Western History" e seus adversários. Naquela conjuntura, uma das maneiras que estes usavam para atacar aquela era uma retórica da suspeição e da deslegitimação profissional que vinculava os new western historians aos fantasmas supostamente ameaçadores do "pós-modernismo" e da "desconstrução", por exemplo - mesmo que tais acusações fizessem pouco ou nenhum sentido. Pode-se dizer, assim, que tal retórica era um instrumento de combate pelo domínio dos lugares de produção da história do Oeste norte-americano.
Recent Developments on the Use of Polymers as Corrosion Inhibitors - A Review
Authors: Umoren S.A. , Solomon M.M.
Published: September 2014

The use of corrosion inhibitors is the one the most economical and practical means of controlling metallic
corrosion in different corrosive media. Interest on the use of eco-friendly organic compounds as corrosion inhibitors has
extended to the use of polymers to inhibit metallic corrosion. The use of polymers as corrosion inhibitors has attracted
attention and has gained wide acceptance in recent times. This has been attributed to a number of factors namely: (i) they
are low cost and stable to metallic materials in acid media, (ii) they possess multiple adsorption sites, (iii) through their
functional groups, they form complexes with metal ions and on the metal surface these complexes occupy a large area,
thereby blanketing the surface and protecting the metal from corrosive agents present in the solution. A number of
synthetic and natural polymers as metallic corrosion inhibitors have been investigated and reported. As an update to
previous review work on the use of polymers as corrosion inhibitors, the present review presents most of the contributions
made to the literature on the use of polymers as corrosion inhibitors of diverse metals in different corrosive media in the
last four (2010-2013) years.
Medical Expulsive Therapy in Acute Colic are We Justified?
Authors: Hariharasudhan Sekar , Ragoori Deepak , Krishnamoorthy Sriram , Shroff Sunil , M.G Rajamanickam
Published: September 2014

Medical expulsive therapy (MET) is one of the most common conservative modality of treatment offered by general practitioners for ureteric colic and calculi. In many occasions, such treatment may have beneficial effect, but might be counter-productive, if offered inappropriately. We report a case of unilateral pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction with a large, redundant, extra renal pelvis that was misinterpreted in ultrasonography as hydroureteronephrosis. The dilatation was assumed to be due to ureteric calculus and hence treated with MET, that resulted in forniceal rupture and urinoma. The aim of this article is to highlight the possible catastrophe that can result as a result of inappropriate administration of MET, especially in those patients treated based on empirical diagnosis of ureteric colic.