bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mjere opreza u kaznenom postupku - prijepori oko samostalne opstojnosti i trajanja te druga otvorena pitanja
Authors: Pleić Marija , Budimlić Tea
Published: May 2022

I dok s jedne strane istražni zatvor kao najteža mjera osiguranja prisutnosti okrivljenika okupira, s razlogom, znanstvenu misao teoretičara kaznenog procesnog prava, mjere opreza, čija je primjena uvjetovana postojanjem istražnozatvorskih razloga iz čl. 123. ZKP-a, nisu sustavno obrađivane u domaćoj znanstvenoj i stručnoj literaturi. Pojedini slučajevi iz sudske prakse posljednjih nekoliko godina aktualizirali su pitanje samostalne opstojnosti i trajanja mjera opreza, a ti su prijepori dobili svoj epilog u posljednjim izmjenama i dopunama ZKP-a 2019. godine tako što su izrijekom uvedene samostalne mjere opreza koje se mogu primjenjivati i nakon što su prema okrivljeniku protekli najdulji rokovi istražnog zatvora. Zakonodavac je pritom diferencirao pravne posljedice za slučaj nepridržavanje mjera opreza ovisno o tome jesu li određene kao zamjena za istražni zatvor ili kao samostalne mjere te se nepridržavanje potonjih predviđa kao posebno kazneno djelo. Takvo rješenje otvara pitanje prikladnog i pravodobnog sprječavanja opasnosti koja se mjerama opreza htjela otkloniti. Osim toga zakonodavac se do sada nije intenzivnije bavio pitanjem učinkovitog osiguranja okrivljenikove prisutnosti, odnosno sprječavanja bijega nakon donošenja osuđujuće presude kod izrečene kazne zatvora do pet godina te su neki recentni slučajevi poduprli potrebu iznalaženja novih zakonodavnih rješenja. Vodeći računa o svemu rečenom, autorice u radu obrađuju institut mjera opreza s teorijskog, normativnog i komparativnog aspekta, uz analizu domaće sudske prakse, kako bi se identificirali ključni problemi u primjeni mjera opreza te predložila rješenja koja bi pridonijela otklanjanju barem dijela postojećih prijepora.
Ne/mogućnost korištenja zapisnika o iskazu svjedoka iz drugih postupaka u kaznenom postupku
Authors: Sabađija Jasmina
Published: May 2022

Načelo neposrednosti u izvođenju i ocjeni dokaza nedvojbeno ima važnu ulogu u kaznenom postupku te su njegova primjena, kao i ograničenja u njoj, implementirani u postupovnim odredbama koje uređuju kazneni postupak. Upravo s obzirom na važnost tog načela, čija primjena, a u određenim slučajevima i ograničenja u primjeni imaju za konačni cilj donošenje pravilne i zakonite sudske odluke, u sudskoj se praksi u određenim slučajevima kao kamen spoticanja javlja upravo pronalazak odgovarajućeg balansa između primjene i ograničenja u primjeni načela neposrednosti sudske ocjene dokaza. Stoga se u ovom radu nastoje detektirati i precizirati izazovi s kojima se sudovi u praksi suočavaju (a koji su vezani upravo uz načelo neposrednosti u izvođenju i ocjeni personalnih dokaza), uzroci tih izazova, kao i mogući načini njihova prevladavanja bez ugroze integriteta postupka, a time i same sudske odluke.
Prava obrane u praksi Suda Europske unije – novosti i neka otvorena pitanja
Authors: Konforta Marijana
Published: May 2022

S obzirom na protek vremena od isteka roka za transponiranje Sud EU-a imao je priliku u više predmeta dati tumačenje Direktive o pravu na informiranje u kaznenom postupku te Direktive o pravu na pristup branitelju. Tako je razmatrao trenutak od kojeg te trenutak do kojeg osobe osumnjičene za počinjenje kaznenog djela najkasnije moraju biti obaviještene o svojim pravima, dakle prvi dio prava koje uređuje Direktiva, i izrazio stajalište o pravu na uvid u materijale predmeta sukladno članku 7. Direktive, o pravu osumnjičenika i okrivljenika na pravno sredstvo u slučaju propuštanja ili odbijanja nadležnih tijela da pruže informacije u skladu s Direktivom te o primjeni članka 4. (obavijest o pravima kod uhićenja) i članka 7. Direktive na osobe uhićene radi izvršenja europskog uhidbenog naloga. Najveći dio prakse odnosi se na tumačenje članka 6. Direktive, koji uređuje pravo osumnjičenika i okrivljenika da budu obaviješteni o onome što im se stavlja na teret. Cilj je navedenog članka da osumnjičenici i okrivljenici dobiju sve informacije o optužbama koje im se stavljaju na teret, koje su im potrebne da pripreme obranu, ali i koje su potrebne da se osigura pravičnost postupka. U odnosu na Direktivu o pravu na pristup odvjetniku Sud je razmatrao sukladnost bugarskih nacionalnih odredaba o isključenju branitelja s Direktivom, kao i ograničenja prava na pristup branitelju u kontekstu španjolskog prava.
Propagation of Neoza Pine (Pinus Gerardiana Wall.) through cuttings and air-layering
Authors: Thakur K. , Shamet G.S. , Mundhe A.
Published: May 2022

Pinus gerardiana Wall. (Neoza pine) is a native of North-West Himalaya. The pine is valued for its edible nuts which fetch very high price in the market. Since natural regeneration is scanty and growth rate very slow, an alternative method of vegetative propagation was investigated for large scale multiplication/raising clonal seed orchard in the species. It was evident that cuttings of seedling donors and those of girdled ones produced significantly better bud activity, rooting and root characteristics as compared to those of pole/tree donors and non girdled cuttings. A significantly highest rooting of 36 % was recorded when girdled cuttings of seedling donors were treated with 1% IBA + 10% captan + 10% sucrose-talc during April. However, as far as air layering was concerned, application of 0.75% IBA + 10% captan + 10% sucrose-talc or 1% IBA + 10% captan + 1-% sucrose-talc during June proved most effective resulting in 43.33 % rooting each when performed at Kalpa/Peo forests of district Kinnaur.
Impacto da pandemia de Covid-19 nas cirurgias do trato digestivo no Brasil
Authors: Silva Rodrigues Valentina , Kevin Cunha Negidio Adson , Polyanna Bastos Silva Campos Myrela , Almeida Carneiro Rodrigues da Silva Ester , Henrique Silveira de Sousa Pedro
Published: May 2022

Introdução: A pandemia do Covid-19 iniciou no Brasil em 2020, e causou a contaminação em massa da população brasileira, sobrecarregando o serviço público de saúde e causando superlotação. Assim, muitos procedimentos importantes, mas não urgentes como as cirurgias eletivas, foram adiados por medidas sanitárias, e por planejamento de que os principais serviços públicos pudessem estar focados em tratar os pacientes que contraíram o Coronavírus. Um exemplo disso são as cirurgias do trato digestivo, que abrangem procedimentos de reconstrução do trânsito digestivo, hérnias abdominais, gastrectomia, cirurgias bariátricas e ostomias. Objetivo: Analisar a quantidade de cirurgias do trato digestivo no Brasil, e fazer uma comparação entre os períodos pré-pandêmico (2019) e pandêmico (2020-2021) Metodologia: Os dados foram colhidos da plataforma de dados Tabnet, e selecionado os períodos anuais de 2019, 2020 e 2021, nas regiões Norte, Nordeste, Centro-oeste, Sudeste e Sul. O eixo temático é a cirurgia. Resultados: De acordo com os dados coletados na plataforma Tabnet, em 2019 foram realizados 817.194 procedimentos, em 2020 foram realizados 543.960 e em 2021 560.413 procedimentos cirúrgicos. Comparando o período préepidêmico com o período pandêmico, foi constatado uma queda de 33% em relação à 2020 e 31,5% em relação à 2021. Pode ser notado que a preocupação com a segurança biológica ou risco de contaminação foi um fator determinante nas decisões feitas pelas autoridades, fazendo com que não houvesse espaço para a sua realização. Isso, causou um aumento da quantidade de pacientes que necessitam de algum tipo de cirurgia digestiva acarretando futuramente uma sobrecarga dos hospitais. Conclusão: Dessa forma, é possível perceber que a pandemia de Covid-19 impactou de diversas maneiras no cotidiano da população brasileira, principalmente nos serviços de saúde. Ações que visem voltar com a normalidade dos serviços são importantes, como melhorar a segurança dentro dos centros cirúrgicos para que procedimentos impactados por esse período possam ser realizados. Resumo sem apresentação oral. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: cirurgia, procedimento, digestivo, Covid-19
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings In Patients Above 40 Years of Age, With Neck Pain
Authors: Yaqoob Sehrish , Zakir Muhammad , Yousaf Imran , Farooq Syed Muhammad Yousaf , Fatima Mehreen , Ahsan Zahra , Delawar Sana , Tooba Sarwat Jabeen , Zaman Aneela , Rehman Khaleel-Ul
Published: May 2022

Neck pain considerably influences worldwide. Neck pain is a common finding of the cervical spine abnormality. Disc degeneration is associated with progressive age groups. Objective: To find the Magnetic Resonance Imaging findings in patients above 40 years of age, with neck pain. Methods: In Shalamar Hospital Lahore, a descriptive study was conducted on MRI Philips MULTIVA 1.5 Tesla. 200 patients of above 40 years age groups were enrolled in this study with convenient sampling technique. All patients referred by clinicians with neck pain. Both male and female were included. Prior Neck Surgery, Traumatic Spine Fractures, Metabolic Bone Disease Spinal Infection, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Active Malignancy, prosthesis inside the body or any contra-indication to MRI were excluded. Results: Among 200 patients of different age groups, MRI findings were noted that reduced vertebral height, disc height, signal changes T2 and disc bulge present in patient with neck pain. 1 male patient had reduced vertebral height at C6 (0.5%) in 40-60 age group. 105 patients (52.7% males) had reduced disc height at C5/C6 (45.8%) in 81-100 age group and six patients had reduced signal intensity T2 at C6/C7 (3%) in 81-100 age group most frequently in males. 57 patients (34.4% females) of 40-60 age group had reduced disc bulge at C5/C6 (22.4%) level. Conclusion: Signal intensity T2 of the intervertebral disc and disc height were reduced in eighty-one to hundred age group and others findings were reduced at forty to sixty age groups i.e., vertebral height and disc bulge.
Key workers in Ghana during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Darkwah Akosua K. ,   International Labour Organization. Research Department.
Published: May 2022

This study analyses the experience of key workers in Ghana during the COVID-19 pandemic. It analyses their working conditions prior to the pandemic, and then assesses how the pandemic heightened their job demands. In addition, it assesses the extent to which the State and private employers provided the requisite job resources to enable them to cope with the increased demands caused by the crisis. The study finds that some frontline workers have had an increase in work pressure, while other categories of workers, particularly in the informal economy, experienced a decrease in work pressure as demand for their services fell off given the general declines in income. The study finds that although the pandemic reshaped the work environment, workers’ concerns regarding the future were not tied directly to concerns about COVID-19, but rather to larger concerns about working conditions and income security that existed prior to the crisis.
Clinical approaches and removal of cast metallic posts for their replacement by the fiberglass posts: a concise systematic review
Authors: Oliveira Débora Stefanini de , Alvarenga Giulia Viana , Bossa Carla Roberta Pamplona , Maluf Ana Paula Bernardes Rosa , Tempest Leandro Moreira , Buchala Carlos Alberto Costa Neves
Published: May 2022

Introduction: A successful placement of an intraradicular post needs a good endodontic treatment. Consideration should also be given to the possibility of its future removal. Authors have shown that approximately 10% of cases of teeth indicated for endodontic retreatment require removal of intraradicular posts. Objective: To carry out a concise systematic review to analyze the reasons for replacing intraradicular posts, the most effective and used techniques for removing the metallic post, the manufacture of the fiberglass post, and the difference between the two types of posts. Methods: The present study followed a systematic review model, following the rules of systematic review – PRISMA. The search strategy was performed in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. Results and Conclusion: A total of 112 articles were found. A total of 56 articles were fully evaluated and 18 were included in this study. Based on the objective and results found in the present study, the review demonstrated the main advantages and disadvantages of the clinical performance of cast metal posts and fiberglass posts, as well as the reason for switching from metal to fiberglass posts. Despite the wear caused by endodontic treatment, it is important to check the remaining dentin to choose the best retainer, observing the amount of this remaining structure, as it directly influences the selection of the post. Regarding the removal of the metallic pin, wear, ultrasound, and seizure/removal with some traction device are used. The replacement of the metallic post can opt for fiberglass posts because they have a greater advantage compared to the metallic post, mainly for aesthetics, the manufacturing technique is more agile, they do not generate risks of root fracture and if, for any eventuality, it needs to be removed. to portray the channel, the technique is smooth and easy.
Major clinical findings of short implants and virtual surgery: a systematic review
Authors: Campos de Vasconcelos João Batista , Rocha Simone Cristina Aizza , Manzini Régis
Published: May 2022

Introduction: After the confirmation and publication of the phenomenon known as osseointegration by Brånemark, dental implants have been used to repair total and partial edentulous jaws. However, the implants were long and had to be longer than 11 mm to be considered functional. Short implants compared to long ones require less remaining bone, reducing the patient's exposure to surgeries for bone grafting, the elevation of the maxillary sinus mucosa, and repositioning of the inferior alveolar nerve. Added to this, several dental treatments have benefited from this digital advance. Objective: To review the literature on short implants installed in both dental arches, evaluating their advantages, disadvantages, indications, and contraindications in the context of virtual surgery. Methods: The present study followed a systematic review model (PRISMA). The search strategy was performed in the PubMed, Scielo, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. Results: A total of 110 articles were found, 64 articles were evaluated and 35 were rejected for not meeting the GRADE classification, and only 29 articles were used in this study to compose the textual part. Based on these findings, it was found that in remote years, authors reported that regions with reduced bone height are favored with the use of short implants not only because of their dimensions but also because of their surface treatment, which suggests that it is an important factor for achieving 100% success rates. The advantages of short implants are related to the simplicity of the technique, installation of implants in remaining bone, avoidance of bone grafts that present questionable results in the increases in height of the posterior alveolar ridge of the mandible, reduction of treatment time, and reduction of costs for the patient. A systematic review and meta-analysis studies analyzed the accuracy of implant placement using computer-guided surgery. A randomized study compared the precision of guided planning of new computer-assisted implant placement techniques, based on models that use CAD/CAM. Conclusion: It was concluded that short implants are a reliable, safe, and practical alternative to be used in any necessary location or situation. They do not show bone loss or resorption over the years, nor are they at risk of fracture or any damage to patients. They are safe to use, as long as they have an adequate design, therefore, fundamental tools in the dental clinic.
WATER AND PETROL USE EFFICIENCIES OF CABBAGES AND KALES UNDER SUPPLEMENTAL IRRIGATION IN KIMUMU FARM IN UASIN GISHU COUNTY, KENYA
Authors: Kiprotich Kiptum Clement , Wangoi Ndungu Jane
Published: May 2022

Cabbages and Kales grown in Kimumu Scheme in Uasin Gishu County were monitored between November, 2017 and February, 2018 for a period of 90 days. Water was pumped from ponds to the vegetables after transplanting. The amount of petrol, rainfall and water applied together with the yields were measured. The water stress for cabbages during the entire period was 91%.During the head formation stage, the water stress 81%. For kales the water stress started from day 53 to day 90 except for days 55, 60, and 64 after transplanting. The water stress for kales during the entire period was 97%. From mid- season stage, the water stress was 88%. The yield of cabbages and kales were 4.25 tons/ha and 11.8 tons/ha, respectively. The water use efficiencies were 1.4 Kg/ m3 and 3.8 Kg/ m3 for cabbages and kales, respectively. The petrol use efficiencies were 7727 Kg/ m3 and 23 529 Kg/ m3for cabbages and kales, respectively. The water use efficiency for kales was approximately three times that of cabbages while the petrol efficiency was also around three times. Since kales are more tolerant to water stress, the farmer was advised to grow kales as they perform better in both water and petrol use efficiencies.
Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) in Determining Alternative Strategies for the Covid-19 Epidemic in the Food and Beverage Manufacturing Companies in Indonesia
Authors: Haekal Jakfat
Published: May 2022

The food and beverage industry is one of the manufacturing sectors relied upon to make a significant contribution to national economic growth. Since the beginning of 2020, the world has been shocked by the coronavirus outbreak that originated in China. The impact of Covid-19 has hit various aspects of human life, including the food and beverage industry. For this reason, stakeholders are expected to focus on formulating strategies for the Covid 19 Epidemic in manufacturing companies in the food and beverage sub-sector. This study aims to identify internal factors' strengths and weaknesses and external factors' opportunities and threats to determine alternative strategies for the covid 19 epidemic in manufacturing companies in the food and beverage sub-sector. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. It knows the right marketing strategy to develop the company based on a SWOT analysis. It knows the right alternative strategy based on QSPM analysis. This research was conducted at Nutrifood; Data were collected using observation, interview, and questionnaire techniques. Nutrifood Indonesia is in quadrant I, which means a company with high market growth and a solid competitive position; on the results of the SWOT matrix analysis with quantitative model analysis, an effective formulation, namely the SO strategy, uses strengths to take advantage of various opportunities (opportunities). The implementation of SO's strategy is to expand market share, maintain and improve service quality to customers and improve product quality. The results showed that the internal and external factors were processed using the SWOT matrix. Based on the results of using the QSPM method, the alternative strategy that is by current conditions is product development by increasing creativity
Right Back To The Deep Blue
Authors: Schandorf Stephanie Oserwa , Adzo Tona-Gaogli Kafui
Published: May 2022

The impact of the climate crisis on the ocean continues to present a challenge, particularly for African states that rely so heavily on ocean resources for their livelihood. This places the continent in a vulnerable position. This article seeks to explore the identified gap between Africa’s vulnerability and the continent’s efforts in addressing the ocean-climate phenomenon, while providing some candid recommendations for addressing sea-blindness and expanding relevant ocean-climate dialogues beyond the field of academia through a cross-practice approach.
Implementation of Underground Cable Fault Detector
Authors: Gopalamma Aravelli S L K
Published: May 2022

Usually, underground cables are opted for the applications of smart grid system. Due to the various circumstances in the underground the cables will be affected by various faults. Here the fault identification is the prime concern and complex part of the system. If any occurrence of fault the entire line must be dug. It is mandatory to know which part of the line is under fault which will reduce the time of fault rectification. By this we not only save time but also the system became more economical and reliable. The main objective of this project is to identify the fault location from the base station in Kms by using Arduino. Key words: Underground cable, Fault detection, Smart grid, Arduino
PEMBERDAYAAN PENYANDANG TUNAGRAHITA MELALUI PELATIHAN KETERAMPILAN DARI KORAN BEKAS
Authors: Bastiana  , Hadi Purwaka , Meidina Tatiana , Kasmawati St. , Rasyid Rusman
Published: May 2022

After completing their education at Special Education School (SLB), intellectually disabled students have to return to their community. Therefore, it is necessary to provide them with simple skills of making use of used newspapers. This study was intended to provide the teenage intellectually disabled students of SLB YP3LB Makassar with the skill that would enable them to live independently. The training was given to 5 mentally disabled students of vocational class at SLB YP3LB Makassar. The methods used were socialization, training, and practice. The findings indicate that the empowerment in form of training to make handicrafts from used newspaper is good for intellectually disabled students. The training was successful because (1) the skills trained were been mastered by the participants, (2) the materials and tools used were well known to participants, (3) the activities were organized in simple ways, (4) the examples and instructions were clearly stated, (5) and time allotted was enough for participants to do the steps correctly. It is suggested that the ability of students with intellectual disabilities in making use of newspapers can be improved in various forms. The skills will be able to help intellectually disabled students to live independently using the skills to make a living.
Sobre el carácter discriminatorio del complemento por maternidad (de nuevo sobre la diferencia entre sexo y género).
Authors: Vicente Palacio María Arántzazu
Published: May 2022

La STSJ Canarias declara el carácter discriminatorio por razón de sexo del complemento por maternidad previsto en el art. 60 TRLGSS. No existe razón objetiva que justifique la exclusión de los varones del ámbito de aplicación de una medida que compensa por la contribución del beneficiario a la mejora de las tasas de natalidad, puesto que tanto contribuye la mujer como el varón. Además, contribuye a consagrar roles sexistas atribuyendo el cuidado de los hijos a la madre sobre el padre, La STSJ Canarias se alinea con la reciente jurisprudencia comunitaria sobre la materia (STJUE de 12-12-2019 (C-450/2018) en resolución de cuestión prejudicial presentada por Juzgado de Gerona.

The Canarias Court declares the discriminatory nature of the maternity supplement (art. 60 TRLGSS). There is no objective reason to justify the exclusion of men from a measure that compensates for the beneficiary's contribution to the improvement of birth rates. The mesure contributes to enshrining sexist roles by attributing childcare to the mother over the father. The STSJ Canarias aligns with the recent community jurisprudence on the matter (STJUE of 12-12-2019 (C-450/2018).
Contested politics in South Korea: Democratic evolution, national identity and political partisanship
Authors: Nilsson-Wright John
Published: May 2022

Academic and policy analysts are sharply divided over the strength and durability of democracy in South Korea. The political system nominally assures a reliable and representative process. But divisive identity politics, mass protest and the abuse of power have prompted some observers to argue that the country is in the grip of ‘democratic decay’. This paper seeks to evaluate that claim, identifying five phases in the country’s post-1945 political evolution: ‘illiberal democracy’ (1945–60), ‘democratic authoritarianism’ (1961–72), ‘authoritarian exceptionalism’ (1972–87), ‘democratic paternalism’ (1987–2001) and ‘participatory democracy’ (2002 to date). It also finds that while South Korea today remains susceptible to populist impulses, its democracy in some respects is healthier than might be assumed. Encouraging signs include the smooth transition to a new presidential administration in 2022, and a recent shift towards more independent, and less tribal, voter attitudes. More work is needed, nonetheless, to strengthen the transparency and accountability of political institutions, and to entrench a culture tolerant of ideological differences.
Motivacija zdravstvenih djelatnika u kriznim vremenima
Authors: Babić Vesna
Published: May 2022

Motivacija zaposlenika jedan je od ključnih faktora uspješnog poslovanja zdravstvenog sustava. U ovo krizno vrijeme, kada opterećenje zdravstvenog sustava doseže svoj vrhunac, često se postavlja pitanje kako motivirati zdravstvene djelatnike. Proces motivacije kompleksan je posao, a preduvjet za postizanje određenog cilja predstavljaju zadovoljni djelatnici. Ne postoji strogo definirana formula po kojoj se mjeri motiviranost neke osobe. Svi posjedujemo unutarnju snagu koja nas pokreće, ali razlikujemo se po svojim ambicijama i vještinama. Važno je prepoznati darovitost svakog pojedinca i potaknuti ga na aktivnost. Stoga je uloga menadžera ključna u procesu motivacije. S obzirom na tehnološki napredak, potrebe zaposlenika se razlikuju i mijenjaju s vremenom, te je potrebno koristiti različite tehnike motiviranja. Osjećajem pripadnosti i uključivanja u proces planiranja povećava se samopouzdanje zaposlenika. Uvažavanjem sposobnosti svakog pojedinca, napredovanjem, pohvalama i nagrađivanjem truda, kvaliteta zdravstvene skrbi neće izostati.
Head and neck cancer in Hasan Sadikin general hospital: A cross-sectional study before and during COVID – 19 pandemics.
Authors: Dewi Yussy Afriani , Permana Agung Dinasti , Purwanto Bambang , Rakhmawulan Inez Aulia
Published: May 2022

The world is fighting against coronavirus disease 2019. Cancer patients are highly immunocompromised by cancer treatment. The conditions potentially increase the mortality and morbidity of head and neck cancer patients. This study aims to identify head and neck cancer prevalence in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, from the intended year before and during the pandemic. Data were obtained from the hospital database of all head and neck cancer patients from 2018-to 2020. Head and neck cancer patients were compared between 2018-2020 based on outpatients, inpatients, and treatment using the Wilcoxon test to analyze the association between variables. There was a significant decrease in the number of patients and treatment in Hasan Sadikin General Hospital during the pandemic. This study showed a significant decline in patients, treatments, and procedures during the head and neck cancer pandemic. During this crisis and uncertainty, extraordinary measures must ensure the best treatment possible for oncological care. Patients must be transferred to another health facility hospital. The screening of coronavirus disease 2019 must be implemented for every patient to ensure the trust and safety of the patients. Keywords: COVID-19, Cancer, Head and neck, Naso pharyngeal carcinoma.
Correlation of third-trimester thyroid profile with postpartum depression in rural population.
Authors: Kanti Vaibhav , kumar Suraj , Potturi Gowrishankar , Kumar Pushpendra , Yadav Archana
Published: May 2022

Postpartum depression is a mental disorder which affects most of the adult women with major depressive symptoms. Increased thyroid profile levels and postpartum depression symptoms can effect on mother’s and child’s health. The aim of this study is to test whether there is arelationship between thyroid profile levels and postpartum depression.The design of this study is Correlational observational.A total of 200 patients having either one or two children with previous normal vaginal deliveries, attending the Obstetrics and Gynaecology (OBG) outpatient department between 30 to36 weeks were screened and 28 subjects selected for the study after satisfying inclusion criteria from the University Hospital. A written consent was taken from all the subjects before recruitment. The demographic data of all subjects such as age, period of gestation (POG), hemoglobin, thyroid profile and vitals were recorded at the time of recruitment. The Thyroid profile was checked at the time of recruitment byRadio Immuno Assay (RIA) kit and postpartum depression assessed by Edinburg postnatal depression scales (EPDS).T4 levels and EPDS scores are weak positively correlated and is statistically significant at p<0.05. The correlation btween T3 stimulating Hormone (TSH) with EPDS scores was weak negatively correlated and are not statistically significant at p<0.05.From the results we conclude that this study found that Thyroid dysfunction has a positive correlation with postpartum depression. Thus, thyroid screening during pregnancy may be useful to find out the association between thyroid levels and Postpartum depression. Keywords: Personal depression scale, Postpartum depression, Pregnancy, Thyroid.
Basic principles of anesthesia and postoperative analgesia in patients operated within an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol
Authors: Slavchev Stanislav , Yordanov Angel
Published: May 2022

The Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) system is a collection of preoperative, intraoperative, and early postoperative measures. The primary goal of gynecological surgery is a rapid and uneventful recovery from oncological and standard procedures, particularly in patients over the age of 65. The goal is to achieve comparable results to those obtained with minimally invasive procedures. Certain features of the ERAS system are similar to those of standard surgical procedures. These are the measures taken to prevent thromboembolism and to promote early postoperative mobility. Anesthesia and postoperative analgesia are critical components of achieving the ERAS system's objectives. The ERAS protocol requires multimodal non-opioid postoperative analgesia, infiltration of the surgical wound with a local anesthetic, and avoidance of opioid analgesics. We discuss current data on patient management according to the ERAS protocol for anesthesia and analgesia in order to minimize the body's stress reactions, promote early mobility, and reduce postoperative complications. ERAS protocol has gained popularity in recent years in a number of centers, primarily in the United States and Europe, due to its direct impact on hospital stay length, healthcare costs, and benefits for patients, their relatives, and caregivers. Keywords: ERAS protocol; multimodal opioid-sparing analgesia; local infiltration anesthesia.
Toward an Ecological and Cosmonautical Philosophy
Authors: Kirby Joseph
Published: May 2022

Beginning as pockets of anaerobic bacteria subsisting on geothermal energy on the ocean floor, life expanded first throughout the ocean, then over the land, and eventually came to cover the entire Earth. In this paper, I argue that human activity in outer space should be understood in the context of this progression: life as an exponentially expanding force of negentropy currently contained within the atmosphere of the earth, and human technology as a radical transformation whereby life becomes capable of expanding over this limit. With reference to the philosophy of Krafft Ehricke, I argue that this position represents a synthesis between deep ecology and technological civilization: as with deep ecology, human beings are seen as having duties toward life; however, these duties consist not only in protecting the biosphere, but also in developing techno-biological living systems capable of reproducing in the ambient matter of the solar system
Harder, Faster, Stronger – Better
Authors: Oskvig Kyle
Published: May 2022

Physical human enhancement is usually perceived as a morally insignificant topic, especially in the rare instance when it is considered outside the realm of competitive sport. Nick Bostrom explains the physical enhancement literature’s narrow focus by noting that “the value of such enhancement outside the sporting and cosmetic arenas is questionable” (2008, 131). In the present paper, I argue that this perception is a result of limitations inherent to the ethical paradigms under which bioethical analysis is commonly done. It is unsurprisingly difficult to find moral value in brute physical capacity when we tend to attach the tags “moral” and “ethical” only to interpersonal, especially altruistic, relations. I proceed to describe Aristotle’s ethical paradigm as having a wider scope, and present his apparently self-contradictory views on the moral value of physical excellence. I then sketch a modified Aristotelian theory, which consistently affirms the value of human physical and mental activity alike, and show how an Aristotelian emphasis on human function can reveal physical human enhancement to be a tap into intrinsic moral value.
A History of the BIG Idea
Authors: Bronstein Jamie
Published: May 2022

The notion that humans have a right to basic capital or to a basic income guarantee by virtue of their existence can be traced to the Enlightenment. Many of the suggestions inherent in modern proposals for basic income or basic capital originated with four forerunners in the Anglo-American tradition: Gerrard Winstanley, Thomas Paine, Thomas Skidmore, and Edward Bellamy. All four embraced the notion that the equal moral considerability of all humans implied an equal right to the resources needed to survive, and were subjected to withering criticism of their ideals on the grounds that the provision of basic resources conflicted with rather than enhanced freedom.
Technological Unemployment but Still a Lot of Work
Authors: Gajewska Katarzyna
Published: May 2022

This article explores the impact of both technological unemployment and a basic income on the provision of services of general interest. A basic income may promote the restructuring of production into postcapitalist forms and projects involving peer production. This change, as well as technological unemployment, will result in lower state and market capacities to provide services. Instead, people will create various forms of self-organization to meet their needs. The paper presents examples of such models. Some ideas about the new forms of inequalities in this system will be presented to inspire a further study of this scenario.
Intelligent Technologies and Lost Life
Authors: Rapoport Michele
Published: May 2022

Intelligent systems and devices are at the forefront of technological innovation and hold particular appeal for the creative imagination. Their appearance in the arts, fiction, and film allow one to glean insights into apprehensions regarding the contemporary human condition and concerns for its future. This study examines the loss of life and the absencing of the other as embodied in intelligent devices, as they are presented in three current, popular films. In these films, human fallibility and mortality provide the raison d’être for the creation and development of intelligent devices and systems. Moreover, the power that these technologies hold is in their evocation of lost life and human transience, and in the manner by which they both conceal and reveal absence and loss.
Film Review: Transcendence
Authors: Baum Seth D.
Published: May 2022

Is it possible to create an artificial mind? Can a human or other biological mind be uploaded into computer hardware? Should these sorts of artificial intelligences be created, and under what circumstances? Would the AIs make the world better off? These and other deep but timely questions are raised by the recent film Transcendence (dir. Wally Pfister, 2014). In this review, I will discuss some of the questions raised by the film and show their importance to real-world decision making about AI and other risks. Reader, be warned: This review gives away much of the film’s plot, though it also suggests ideas to keep in mind when watching.
Cryopreservation of Embryos and Fetuses as a Future Option for Family Planning Purposes
Authors: Minerva Francesca , Sandberg Anders
Published: May 2022

This paper explores the ethical implications of a possible future technology, namely cryonics (i.e. the preservation of an entire organism at ultra-low temperatures for eventual revival) of embryos/fetuses extracted from the uterus. We argue that more research should be conducted in order to explore the feasibility of such technology. We highlight the advantages that this option would offer, including the foreseeable prevention of a considerable number of abortions.
Extraterrestrial artificial intelligences and humanity’s cosmic future
Authors: Miletić Tomislav
Published: May 2022

A probable solution of the Fermi paradox, and a necessary step in humanity’s cosmic development, is the construction of a Bracewell-Von Neumann (BN) Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). The use of BN probes is the most plausible method of initial galactic exploration and communication for advanced ET civilizations, and our own cosmic evolution lies firmly in the utilization of, and cooperation with, AGI agents. To establish these claims, I explore the most credible developmental path from carbon-based life forms to planetary civilizations and AI creation. I consider the likely physical characteristics of extraterrestrial AI probes and propose ways to predict their behavior. Lastly, I ponder the possible trajectories for humanity’s cosmic future.
The Right to Our Personal Memories
Authors: Stilman Gabriel
Published: May 2022

The right to informational self-determination has been widely recognized in many legal systems. It is the right of people to choose freely under what circumstances and to what extent they will expose information about themselves. So far, this notion has served as a means for restricting the circulation of information. By contrast, this paper argues that informational self-determination includes an informational-expansive aspect: the power of the individual to actively process – primarily by recording, storing, and eventually releasing to others - his/her personal information and circumstances. Express legal recognition of this right, along with a proposed criterion of the most affected person for cases involving overlapping claims to privacy, would assist an immense number of people who are subjected to abusive situations, violations, and arbitrary actions.
Infusing Advanced AGIs with Human-Like Value Systems
Authors: Goertzel Ben
Published: May 2022

Two theses are proposed, regarding the future evolution of the value systems of advanced AGI systems. The Value Learning Thesis is a semi-formalized version of the idea that, if an AGI system is taught human values in an interactive and experiential way as its intelligence increases toward human level, it will likely adopt these human values in a genuine way. The Value Evolution Thesis is a semi-formalized version of the idea that if an AGI system begins with human-like values, and then iteratively modifies itself, it will end up in roughly the same future states as a population of human beings engaged with progressively increasing their own intelligence (e.g. by cyborgification or brain modification). Taken together, these theses suggest a worldview in which raising young AGIs to have human-like values is a sensible thing to do, and likely to produce a future that is generally desirable in a human sense.

While these two theses are far from definitively proven, I argue that they are more solid and more relevant to the actual future of AGI than Bostrom’s “Instrumental Convergence Thesis” and “Orthogonality Thesis” which are core to the basis of his argument (in his book Superintelligence) for fearing ongoing AGI development and placing AGI R&D under strict governmental control. In the context of fleshing out this argument, previous publications and discussions by Richard Loosemore and Kaj Sotala are discussed in some detail.
Superintelligent AI and Skepticism
Authors: Corabi Joseph
Published: May 2022

It has become fashionable to worry about the development of superintelligent AI that results in the destruction of humanity. This worry is not without merit, but it may be overstated. This paper explores some previously undiscussed reasons to be optimistic that, even if superintelligent AI does arise, it will not destroy us. These have to do with the possibility that a superintelligent AI will become mired in skeptical worries that its superintelligence cannot help it to solve. I argue that superintelligent AIs may lack the psychological idiosyncracies that allow humans to act in the face of skeptical problems, and so as a result they may become paralyzed in the face of these problems in a way that humans are not.
Do No Harm Policy for Minds in Other Substrates
Authors: Ziesche Soenke , Yampolskiy Roman V.
Published: May 2022

Various authors have argued that in the future not only will it be technically feasible for human minds to be transferred to other substrates, but this will become, for most humans, the preferred option over the current biological limitations. It has even been claimed that such a scenario is inevitable in order to solve the challenging, but imperative, multi-agent value alignment problem. In all these considerations, it has been overlooked that, in order to create a suitable environment for a particular mind – for example, a personal universe in a computational substrate – numerous other potentially sentient beings will have to be created. These range from non-player characters to subroutines. This article analyzes the additional suffering and mind crimes that these scenarios might entail. We offer a partial solution to reduce the suffering by imposing on the transferred mind the perception of indicators to measure potential suffering in non-player characters. This approach can be seen as implementing literal empathy through enhanced cognition.
Regulating Human Enhancement Technologies
Authors: Haiden Michael
Published: May 2022

This article provides a framework for the global regulation of human enhancement technologies. I argue that competition between states in the international sphere blocks the emergence of a regulatory framework. The reason is international anarchy or the absence of powers that stand above the nation-state. After considering different ways to overcome anarchy—namely international institutions, more amenable relations between democracies and international norms—I rule them out as insufficient. Then, I argue that only a world state can effectively regulate human enhancement technologies. A world state is not a new idea and was already proposed as an answer to, for example, the threat of nuclear annihilation. However, regulating human enhancements provide an even bigger incentive to overcome nationalism.
Experience in implementation of the new elective course “Actual problems of pharmacy education"
Authors: Pushkarova Yaroslava , Reva Tetiana , Zaitseva Galina , Chkhalo Oksana
Published: May 2022

Objective. The paper focuses on the description of the new elective course “Actual problems of pharmacy education”, which was offered during the fall semester 2021/2022 academic year for first-year pharmacy foreign students at Bogomolets National Medical University. The detailed information about the organization of lectures and seminars are presented. Methods. The model of flipped class was chosen to teaching the proposed elective course. The attitude of students to the elective course was assessed by using post-course surveys. Results. Most of students reported that they would recommend this elective course to other students. Overall, students felt that the course was engaging, interesting and informative. Students’ attitudes also were positive toward the teaching style − flipped classroom. Conclusions. Most students earned grades of A and C. This high level of the students’ performance confirms that the elective course was successfully conducted achieving the desired learning outcomes.
Impact of Fitness Applications on Level of Physical Activity And Body Composition Among Students
Authors: Dhengale Dhengale Dr. Dadasaheb , Naik Mr. Ashish Dayanand
Published: May 2022

The physical activity level (PAL) is a way to express a person's daily physical activity as a number and is used to estimate a person's total energy expenditure. Body composition is the proportion of fat and non-fat mass in your body. The purpose of this study is to find the effect of fitness apps on the level of physical activity and body Composition among students from Savitribai Phule Pune University. This study was carried out on 100 students 50 in the control and 50 in the experimental group. Data were collected by using the Physical activity index questionnaire and body composition excel sheet formula in the form of google Form. Analysis of data was Quantitative, independent sample t-test was computed to find the effect of the Use of fitness app on level of physical activity and body composition among students of Savitribai Phule Pune University. In the case of Level of Physical Activity, the calculated t value is 1.775 which is not significant at 0.05 level of significance. (P=0.080) similarly, for Body composition, the calculated t value is 1.973 which is not significant at 0.05 level of significance (P=0.54). All the statistical analysis was done by SPSS version 19. The findings of this study indicated that there is no significant effect of fitness apps on the level of physical activity and body composition among students.
The Russian invasion of Ukraine: A personal opinion on the topic
Authors: Ramirez J. Martín
Published: May 2022

Prof. J. Martín Ramírez is a Spanish scientist, Director of the Nebrija-Santander Chair on Risk and Conflict Management, Fellow of the WAAS, Chair of the Spanish Pugwash and President of CICA International – International Conferences of Conflict and Aggression. He studied Medicine, Humanities, and Law, obtaining a PhD degree in Medicine and Surgery (Neurosciences), and in Philosophy (Education) as well as three Diplomas, and a Master in National Defense at the Spanish CESEDEN. Below we present some of his personal considerations on the current situation in Ukraine, regarding Russian aggression on that country, that he wrote on the 2nd day of the invasion – on 25th of February, 2022.