bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A TPACK Course for Developing Pre-Service Teachers’ Technology Integration Competencies
Authors: Yurdakul Isil Kabakci , Odabasi H. Ferhan , Sahin Y. Levent , Coklar Ahmet N.
Published: January 2013

Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) is one of the technology integration models that focuses on effective technology integration related to teacher competencies. This model is based on the interaction and combination of teachers’ technology, pedagogy, and content knowledge. A new course was created using a TPACK model of education. In this context, the trainer takes responsibility of being a role model and the use of new technology-based applications for educational purposes appropriately updated. Additionally, integrating the TPACK model of education could make important contributions to technology integration in teacher training if the information is concretized with concept maps, if students are made creative in their own fields with digital storytelling, and if all these are transferred into a course environment via the Web with the help of a learning management system.
Listening to Images
Authors: Lonbom Kathleen C.
Published: January 2013

This chapter explores a pilot project investigating the development of audio descriptions to accompany an academic library’s digital image collection. The project was introduced in selected classes and directly involved faculty and students in the creation and delivery of audio descriptions. The collaborative project initiated by the art librarian was in answer to a legislative act requiring accessibility for vision-impaired users. The discussion will specifically examine developing descriptions for images from Illinois State University’s International Collection of Child Art a resource that presents a fascinating challenge to use language to broaden access to the content and construct a compelling representation with the spoken word for individuals with print disabilities such as vision impairment.
Get Around 360º Hypervideo Its Design and Evaluation
Authors: Neng Luís A. R. , Chambel Teresa
Published: January 2013

Video is a very powerful medium that integrates moving images and sound, allowing people to capture and present events and scenarios with great authenticity and realism. However, in traditional video, the viewer is locked to the angle where the camera was pointing to during the capture of the video. 360º video recording removes these boundaries, allowing the capture of the image in 360 º and 360º video capturing devices are becoming more common and affordable to the general public. Hypervideo stretches boundaries even further, allowing people to explore and navigate the video and related information, through links defined in space and time. The authors describe and evaluate an approach to the design and development of an immersive and interactive interface for the visualization and navigation of 360º hypervideos over the internet.
Consciousness and Commonsense Critics in Cognitive Architectures
Authors: Shylaja K. R. , Venkatamuni Vijayakumar Maragal , Davis Darryl N. , Prasad E. V.
Published: January 2013

The research identifies the concepts of consciousness and commonsense. It also investigates and demonstrates how consciousness level of an agent and its common sense reasoning abilities can improve the performance and intelligence using SMCA (Society of Mind Cognitive Architecture) as a case study. Consciousness is a sense of awareness about oneself and the surroundings in which the animal or human being lives. This gives a connection between a non materialistic mind and a materialistic brain. Common sense in common world is one that is immediately perceived by everyone from a given environment. A six tiered (layers) SMCA control model is designed that relies on a society of agents operating using metrics associated with the principles of artificial economics in animal cognition. SMCA is a society or collection of agents, where agents tasks implemented on testbed, demonstrates simple to complex level of consciousness and commonsense.
A Case Study of a Government-Sponsored Enterprise Resource Planning Project in a Chinese Apparel Company
Authors: Wang Wendy , Hwang Drew
Published: January 2013

There is much literature on problems pertaining to information systems localization in Chinese companies, yet few had been on how companies solve these problems. This paper presents a case study that uses the technology, organization, and environment (TOE) framework to explain the failure of a Chinese apparel company’s initial enterprise resource planning (ERP) effort and the success of its subsequent endeavor. Using the TOE framework, this paper sheds light on issues that inflict Chinese companies in their informationization process and what can be done to increase the possibilities of system success.
Elementary
Authors: Niu Feng , Zhang Ce , Ré Christopher , Shavlik Jude
Published: January 2013

Researchers have approached knowledge-base construction (KBC) with a wide range of data resources and techniques. The authors present Elementary, a prototype KBC system that is able to combine diverse resources and different KBC techniques via machine learning and statistical inference to construct knowledge bases. Using Elementary, they have implemented a solution to the TAC-KBP challenge with quality comparable to the state of the art, as well as an end-to-end online demonstration that automatically and continuously enriches Wikipedia with structured data by reading millions of webpages on a daily basis. The authors describe several challenges and their solutions in designing, implementing, and deploying Elementary. In particular, the authors first describe the conceptual framework and architecture of Elementary to integrate different data resources and KBC techniques in a principled manner. They then discuss how they address scalability challenges to enable Web-scale deployment. The authors empirically show that this decomposition-based inference approach achieves higher performance than prior inference approaches. To validate the effectiveness of Elementary’s approach to KBC, they experimentally show that its ability to incorporate diverse signals has positive impacts on KBC quality.
Adoptive Transfer of Tc1 or Tc17 Cells Elicits Antitumor Immunity against Established Melanoma through Distinct Mechanisms
Authors: Yu Yu , Cho Hyun-II , Wang Dapeng , Kaosaard Kane , Anasetti Claudio , Celis Esteban , Yu Xue-Zhong
Published: January 2013

Adoptive cell transfer (ACT) of ex vivo–activated autologous tumor-reactive T cells is currently one of the most promising approaches for cancer immunotherapy. Recent studies provided some evidence that IL-17–producing CD8+ (Tc17) cells may exhibit potent antitumor activity, but the specific mechanisms have not been completely defined. In this study, we used a murine melanoma lung-metastasis model and tested the therapeutic effects of gp100-specific polarized type I CD8+ cytotoxic T (Tc1) or Tc17 cells combined with autologous bone marrow transplantation after total body irradiation. Bone marrow transplantation combined with ACT of antitumor (gp100-specific) Tc17 cells significantly suppressed the growth of established melanoma, whereas Tc1 cells induced long-term tumor regression. After ACT, Tc1 cells maintained their phenotype to produce IFN-γ, but not IL-17. However, although Tc17 cells largely preserved their ability to produce IL-17, a subset secreted IFN-γ or both IFN-γ and IL-17, indicating the plasticity of Tc17 cells in vivo. Furthermore, after ACT, the Tc17 cells had a long-lived effector T cell phenotype (CD127hi/KLRG-1low) as compared with Tc1 cells. Mechanistically, Tc1 cells mediated antitumor immunity primarily through the direct effect of IFN-γ on tumor cells. In contrast, despite the fact that some Tc17 cells also secreted IFN-γ, Tc17-mediated antitumor immunity was independent of the direct effects of IFN-γ on the tumor. Nevertheless, IFN-γ played a critical role by creating a microenvironment that promoted Tc17-mediated antitumor activity. Taken together, these studies demonstrate that both Tc1 and Tc17 cells can mediate effective antitumor immunity through distinct effector mechanisms, but Tc1 cells are superior to Tc17 cells in mediating tumor regression.
Matthew and marginality
Authors: Duling Denis C.
Published: January 2013

This article explores marginality theory as it was first proposed in  the social sciences, that is related to persons caught between two competing cultures (Park; Stonequist), and, then, as it was developed in sociology as related to the poor (Germani) and in anthropology as it was related to involuntary marginality and voluntary marginality (Victor Turner). It then examines a (normative scheme' in antiquity that creates involuntary marginality at the macrosocial level, namely, Lenski's social stratification model in an agrarian society, and indicates how Matthean language might fit with a sample inventory  of socioreligious roles. Next, it examines some (normative schemes' in  antiquity for voluntary margi-nality at the microsocial level, namely, groups, and examines how the Matthean gospel would fit based on indications of factions and leaders. The article ,shows that the author of the Gospel of Matthew has an ideology of (voluntary marginality', but his gospel includes some hope for (involuntary  marginals' in  the  real world, though it is somewhat tempered. It also suggests that the writer of the Gospel is a (marginal man', especially in the sense defined by the early theorists (Park; Stone-quist).
Tendense in die studie van die kultuur van oraliteit: Implikasies vir die verstaan van die Matteusevangelie
Authors: Nel Celia
Published: January 2013

Tendencies in the study of orality: Implications for the understanding of the Gospel of Matthew. The 'formgeschichtliche' method has proved to be inadequate in its conclusions on the pre-literary phase of literary documents. The study of orality provides another means of investigating the oral stages of written documents.  After investigating the features of an oral culture, this article points out that ancient writers communicated nelt' information to their readers or listeners by using fomulas and themes already known to their audiences. The authors thus  communicated something new to  their audiences by using the already known. In this article it is argued that the Gospel of Matthew is suitable for illustrating the above principal, as the Matthean language is highly formulaic.
Die gebruik van die offer van Isak as 'n motief vir die verkondiging van Jesus as die Iydende Christus
Authors: Bekker C. J. , Nortje S. J.
Published: January 2013

The use of the 'sacrifice' of Isaac as a motif for the proclamation of Jesus as the suffering Christ. In this article the  authors try to trace the possible influence of the sacrifice' of Isaac, as narrated in Genesis 22, on the proclanwtion of Jesus as the suffering Messiah. The New Testament authors made use of this tradition to explain the death and resurrection of Jesus within the context of Jewish belief As Abraham and Isaac were examples of suffering righteous figures, Jesus became the prime example of the suffering, Messiah for the Christian community and the believer under oppression.
Die historiese Jesus, die Jesus-beweging en die vorming van die kerk
Authors: Van Aarde Andries
Published: January 2013

The historical Jesus, the Jesus movement and the birth of the church. The article focuses on the birth of the church. The point at which the church began its existence is located within the boundaries of fonnative Judaism. The parting of the ways is explained as a movement from faction to sect, to the eventual fonnation of the church in its own right as distinct from the synagogue. The historical Jesus should therefore not be seen as the founder of the church. However, the article argues that the relation of the life and death of the historical Jesus to the resurrection belief of the post-paschal Jesus movement constitutes the cradle of the church. This continuum between Jesus and New Testament Christendom is referred to by means of the Gennan phrase die Sache Jesu. Reconsideration of this trajectory results in the conviction that the vision and program of the historical Jesus cannot be neglected when one reflects on the nature of the church in the New Testament or on the vocation of the church through history to the present day. Two thought complexes form the kernel of die Sache Jesu: God's unbounded presence and the concept that everyone has unmediated and non-hierarchical access to the grace of God.
Perspektiewe uit die Psalms wat lig werp op die wese van die geloofsgemeenskap
Authors: Bezuidenhout L. C.
Published: January 2013

Perspectives from the Psalms which illuminate the essence of the community of faith. The Psalms functioned in contexts which were quite different from that'of the modem church, yet they can contribute to a better understanding of the essence of the community of faith. The spirit of a community is revealed in its art more than in its laws. The Psalms constitute the aesthetic residue of the ancient community of faith. Although they do not entail definite laws or regulations concerning the community of faith, they bear witness to the spirituality of the ancient community of faith. In the Psalms certain values can be discerned which are applicable to the modem church.
Kerkbegrip en kerkorde
Authors: Botha S. J.
Published: January 2013

Church and church order. This paper discusses the connection and relationship between church and church order within the context of the presbyterial-synodal system of church polity with a view to the rewriting of the church order of the Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk van Afrika. This presbyterial-synodal system was build on the basic principles of Calvin's ecclesiology and corresponding church polity. These basic principles found its way to the confessions of the Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk.
Die Reformatoriese kerkbegrip: Enkele groot Iyne op grond van Calvyn se uiteensetting
Authors: Pont A. D.
Published: January 2013

Reformed ecclesiology: A few major tenets based on Calvin. Reformed ecclesiology is not a closed system. Notwithstanding differences, there is however a remarkable consensus on the major tenets of the doctrine of the church. An outline - mainly of Calvin's view - is given in the article, and the following arguments are brought forward: Jesus Christ is the only head of his body, which is a covenant community. The church is seen as a community sui gen eris, confessing its union with Christ and living its faith in the world.
Gemeentebou: 'n Reformatoriese bediening
Authors: Nel Malan
Published: January 2013

Building up the local church: A ministry of reformation. Building up the local church is not simplistic. It is a comprehensive ministry. The challenge is to return the ministry to the people of God and to equip them to be faithful as God's representatives in this world. Any local body of believers is called to seek the coming of the Kingdom of God within its own context and in this world. This is our (the body of believers, including the offices) calling - not only to seek the coming of the Kingdom but also to be a showcase of and for the Kingdom. There is, however, often a disturbing discrepancy between the so-called defined and empirical subjects when it comes to any given local church. The academic discipline as well as the ministry of building up the local church has everything to do with helping the local church to become what it is supposed to be. In this sense it is nothing less than a ministry of reformation - facilitating, guiding, equipping believers to become in an increasing way who they already are in Christ.
Die etos van die Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk
Authors: Koekemoer J. H.
Published: January 2013

The ethos of the Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk. In this article two aspects of the Reformed ethos of the Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk van Afrika come to the fore. First, attention focuses on truth as encounter. Truth is not something neutral but something that involves the self, and is as such apprehended not by a solitary intellect, but by the whole person in fellowship with God. In the second place attention is given to the importance of the confessional tradition and its interpretation in Reformed theology.
'n Vergelykende studie tussen 'n gedeelte uit die Samaritaanse Liturgie en verwante gedeeltes in die Pentateug
Authors: Beyers J. , Breytenbach A. P.B.
Published: January 2013

A Comparison between an excerpt from the Samaritan Liturgy and corresponding texts in the Pentateuch. The text of the Samaritan Liturgy is alrrwst unknown arrwng scholars of the Old Testament. The value of the Samaritan Liturgy lies in its correspondence with the Old Testament. The way in which the Samaritan Liturgy makes use of the Old Testament texts brings to mind the question, 'What is the relationship between the Samaritan Liturgy and the Old Testament?' This article discusses a randomly chosen prayer in the Samaritan Liturgy. The prayer is analysed in terms of its relatedness to corresponding Old Testament texts. This study tries to point out that the text of the Samaritan Liturgy can be helpful when studying Old Testament traditions.
What has Galilee to do with Jerusalem? Political aspects of the Jesus movement
Authors: Horsley Richard A.
Published: January 2013

Adopting a perspective of class awareness, this study proposes that Jesus and his movements in Palestine did not simply have political implications but were engaged in social-political organising that brought them into political conflict with the Jerusalem and Roman rulers. This disposition has its roots in the distinctiveness of Galilee/Galileans as setting for Jesus and his followers.
The shaping of rationality in science and religion
Authors: Huyssteen Wentzel J.
Published: January 2013

In this paper the focus is on the extreme epistemological complexity of the relationship between religion and science as two dominant forces in our culture today. This complexity is aggravated by a seemingly conflictual postrnodern, pluralist challenge to a culture that already reveals itself as decidedly empirically-minded. For theology  and science a meaningful dialogue becomes possible only if both modes of reflection are willing to move away from overblown foundationalist epistemologies and, for theology at least, from the intellectual coma of fideism. The paper finally argues for a postfoundationalist epistemology where theo-logy and science, although very different modes of reflection, do share the  richness of the  resources of human rationality. In so doing it attempts to answer three crucial questions: i) are there good reasons for still seeing the  natural sciences as our clearest available example of rationality at work? ii) If so, does the rationality of theological reflec-tion in any way overlap with scientific rationality?  iii) Even if there are impressive overlaps between these two modes of rationality, how would the rationality of science and the rationality of religious reflection differ?
Hoe is Jesus gekruisig?
Authors: Van Der Watt J. G. , Joubert S. J.
Published: January 2013

The way in which Jesus was crucified After an overview of various forms of crucifixion in the ancient world, the available archaeological data and artistic renderings of different means of crucifixion are discussed. The New Testament information concerning the crucifixion of Jesus is then discussed and evaluated. It is concluded that, in the view of the absence of convincing literary evidence, the statue representing the 'crucofixion of Marsyas in the Hermitage museum provides a contemporary example of a possible manner in which Jesus could haye been crucified.
Die gebruik van die Ou Testament in die beg ronding van die kerk se kultuurtaak - 'n hermeneutiese probleem
Authors: Breytenbach A. P.B
Published: January 2013

The use of the Old Testament in motivating the church's responsibility towards the social order - a hermeneutical issue. The conviction within the ranks of the Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk van Afrika that the church has a responsibility with regard to the social order is strongly based on a reading of the Old Testament which can be traced back to Calvin. The hermeneutics underlying this kind of reading of the Old Testament basically works with a 'deeper' meaning - a meaning which can be brought to light by means of typological exegesis. The author argues that this kind of hermeneutics cannot be maintained in the aftermath of historical-critical research. The argument is put forward that the church does not have a responsibility when it comes to the structuring of society. The theological position of the author is one which links up with qialectical theology.
Kultuurkritiek, eerste-eeuse kulturele wysheid en die alternatiewe visie van Jesus van Nasaret
Authors: Van Aarde Andries
Published: January 2013

Culture criticism, cultural wisdom in the first century and the alter-native vision of Jesus of Nazareth. Culture criticism represents a critical position towards those culturally oriented studies which advocate a positivist subject-object schema in epistemology. In this kind of epistemology, knowing is a one-directional process in which the objects of knowing are subjected to the manipulative power of the knower. The article aims at discussing different perspectives in continental philosophy (Peter  Berger's phenomenology, Mary Douglas's cultural anthropology, and the critical theories of Michel Fou-cault and Jurgen Habermas). Aspects of the contributions of Immanuel Kant, Friedrich Schleiermacher and Karl Barth, precursors in 'culture criticism', are also considered. It is shown that in recent postmodem thinking a symmetrical subject-subject schema replaces the subject-object schema. This position is enhanced by taking into consideration the emphasis in present-day historical Jesus research on the so-called 'alternative wisdom' of Jesus of Nazareth, which challenged the conventional wisdom of his day.
Die kerk se verantwoordelikheid teenoor die onder-wys: Is Artikel X van die Kerkwet (1986) van die Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk van Afrika teologies verantwoordbaar?
Authors: Botes H. J.
Published: January 2013

The church's responsibility towards the school: Is Article X of the Church Order (1986) of the Nederduitsch Hervonnde Kerk van Afrika theologically well founded?. This article aims to deal with the selfunderstanding of the Nederduitsch Hervomuie Kerk van Afrika. In particular, attention is given on church polity and its effect on the practical implementation of the church's task to society and specifically towards education. The article also reflects on the role of children in the church, as well as the commitment to the principle of theocracy.
The role of the church in the struggle against poverty: A Hervormde Kerk in Suidelike Afrika perspective
Authors: Mpanza S. P.
Published: January 2013

The essence of being a church is love. The church as an organization based on love has the responsibility of loving God, his people and the world which God himself loved first. This paper is about the responsibility of a 'poor church', the Hervormde Kerk in Suidelike Afrika, which despite its poverty still has the vocation of becoming meaningful to its members. Two appeals are made here: firstly, that both the rich and the poor churches should, despite their circumstances, play their roles in combating poverty among their members. Secondly, churches should shift from charity work to development.
Modaliteite in die Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk van Afrika?
Authors: Botha S. J.
Published: January 2013

Modalities in the Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk van Afrika?. In view 'of recent suggestions that opposing theological modalities could develop in the Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk van Afrika, the purpose of this paper is to consider the consequences of such a development. This is done by an  short historical excursion into an existing example of modalities within the boundaries of the same church, namely the Hervormde Kerk in the Netherlands.
Enkele teorie, aspekte van Theodore soos verwoord in sy tuum' .
Authors: Dreyer W. A.
Published: January 2013

Some aspects of Theodore Beza's political theory in his 'Deiure magistratuum' Beza's 'De  iure magistratuum' had, directly or indirectly, a great influence on the development of political theory in Western Europe. In this paper the historical background of the 'De magistratuum' is discussed, as well as basic political concepts which form the basis of Beza's political theory, such as the origin of government and law, political contract and covenant, political pluralism, the right to resist government, justice, democracy, the priority of the people over government and rule of law.
Liefde in die familie van God 'n Beskrywende uiteensetting van familiale liefdesverhoudinge in die Johannesevangelie
Authors: Van der Watt J. G.
Published: January 2013

Love in the family of God. A descriptive expositin of familial love in the Gospel of John. Love is the central ethical term in John's Gospel. The meaning of the term is often misunderstood. This article investigates the use of the term in John's Gospel, especially within its familial context. It is established that, reverentially, love includes loyalty towards members of the community and the acceptance of responsibility. This implies that love is expressed in actions. It works reciprocally. The Father sets the example which should be followed in obedience by the children. The nature of love depends on the situation. In the case of the Father love is expressed by giving his Son to die on the cross. In the case of the disciples, love is expressed by them obediently following the commands of the Father and the Son. In both cases it involves giving something, whether it is your Son or life, or in the case of the disciples, themselves.
Sondaars' in die tyd van Jesus
Authors: Pienaar Henk
Published: January 2013

'Sinners' in the time of Jesus The hypothesis which is investigated in this article is that the expression 'sinners' is to be seen as a label for those people who were not socially accommodated within Israelite society in the time of Jesus. His ostracism was religiously legitimated by means of purity regulations with regard to people, places and calendar. The confirmation of the hypothesis provides the historical context of the inscription in Louw & Nida's semantic dictionary of New Testament Greek with regard to one of the meanings of the word 'sinner' (ἁμαρτωλόϛ) as 'social outcast'.
Jesus and cultural values: Family life as an example
Authors: Osiek Carolyn
Published: January 2013

'Family values' is a set of traditional images that most cultures collect, images drawn mostly from an idealized picture of family life in the recent past. For Christians, the popular image of Jesus gets included: the Holy Family as a nuclear family unit, Jesus blessing children, Jesus as advocate of traditional family life. A closer reading of both contemporary family life and the Gospels reveals that things are not what they seem. Contemporary family life in Western societies is structured quite differently than the ideal. Jesus' family life was spent in a peasant village surrounded by relatives and neighbors, with little privacy and strong social pressure towards conformity. The gospel records indicate that he did not conform, and paid the price: rejection and misunderstanding by his extended family. The Synoptic Gospels consistently ponray not only an estrangement between Jesus and his family, but Jesus' encouragement of his disciples to break family ties in favor of the surrogate family of the circle of disciples. In a culture in which kinship loyalty was essential, this  message caused deep problems for early Christians which the authors of the household codes of Ephesians, Colossians, the  Pastoral Epistles, and 1 Peter tried to alleviate.
Belief in God among South African youth
Authors: Van der Ven Johannes A. , Dreyer Jaco S. , Pietrse Hendrik J.
Published: January 2013

This article investigates belief in God among 538 students from standard 9 who attend Anglican and Catholic schools in the Johannesburg/Pretoria region. Within their belief in God they make use of different interpretations, namely anthropomorph theism and panentheism, non-anthropomorph theism and panentheism, as well as what is called aniconic transcendent pantheism. These interpretations do not appear to exclude one another, but co-exist in the students' minds.
Meesternarratiewe, kontranarratiewe en kanonisering - In Perspektief op sommige profetiese geskrifte
Authors: Breytenbach A. P.B.
Published: January 2013

Grand narratives, little narratives and canonisation - a perspective on some of the books of the Prophets. The raison d'etre of this study is the problem of normative theological dicta in parts of the Old Testament, which are contradicted in another or even the same book of the Old Testament. In this article canonisation as an ongoing process is investigated from a postmodem perspective which takes contextuality, intertextuality and grand and little narratives into account. The so-called Zion Theology is identified as a grand narrative during the time before and after the Babylonian exile. Books like Jeremiah, Micha, Samuel and Kings, as well as Jonah and Chronicles are referred to in this regard. The research, inter alia, leads to the following result: the normative material of a religious society is interpreted in the light of the prevailing grand narrative. These interpretations are usually added to the normative material. Little narratives, being contradictory to and resisting incorporation into grand narratives, are usually added to the normative material after the grand narrative has been stripped of its hegemony by historic events. This accounts for contradictory theological dicta in the Old Testament. From this follows that the very nature of the canonised material brought together in the Old Testament opposes a Jundamentalistic or orthodox theological approach.
Die ontstaan van belydenisskrifte gedurende die sestiende en sewentiende eeu
Authors: Dreyer Wim
Published: January 2013

The origin of Reformed confessions during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. This article examins the background, history and development of Reformed confessions in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, but especially the Swiss and French confessions which influenced the Belgic Confession of Faith, the Heidelberg Catechism and the Articles of Dordt. The premise is that if we really want to understand and interpret confessions, they must be read against their historical, theological and political background. At the same time confessions cannot be properly understood in isolation from their present context, that is, being confessions of the church. Confessions are not only historical documents, but of immense importance to the church which must confess its faith in the present.
Belydenis in kerkregtelike verband met besondere verwysing na die konsep Kerkorde 1997, Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk van Afrika
Authors: Botha S. J.
Published: January 2013

Confession in the context of ecclesiastical polity with special reference to the concept Church Ordinance 1997, Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk van Afrika. In essence the question under discussion is about the functioning of the confession in church polity and how it is phrased in the concept Church Ordinance (1997) of the Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk van Afrika. This logically brings the very difficult question of doctrinal discipline up for discussion. The paper starts with a few remarks on the relation between scripture, confession and church polity. The tradition, forming the background of the concept, is traced from the time of the Reformation. After a short discussion on how doctrinal discipline was seen and put into practice in the Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk van Afrika, final remarks are made on how this matter is handled in the concept.
Enkele motiewe vir 'n eietydse verstaan van die belydenisskrifte
Authors: Koekemoer J. H.
Published: January 2013

Reasons for a comtemporary re-interpretation of creeds. The present century has seen an increasing opposition to creeds and doctrinal statements of faith. The question for the church and theology is how to read the creeds in such a way that it will not deprive us from our own responsibility to Scripture. In order to do just that a reinterpretation of the creeds is necessary. In this reinterpretation there should be a recognition of historical and cultural relativity. We do not experience our world in the same way as premodern people did. Any attempt to leave ecclesiastical doctrines in an unchangeable form would result in the increasing loss of the meanings of those doctrines.
Die personaliteit van vrou-wees binne die Mediterreense kultuur
Authors: Dreyer Yolanda
Published: January 2013

Being a woman in Mediterranean culture. This article is written from the perspective of pastoral care and counseling with women.  On account of their training in Biblical studies, pastors are aware of the gap between modem Westem culture and Mediterranean culture in the first century. The question is whether the meaning of this knowledge for the life and faith of women is adequately taken into consideration in pastoral work. In this article an explanation of what is meant by the concept 'culture' is given. The meaning of social identity within Mediterranean culture, being a woman within first-century patriarchy and the different 'categories' of women in this culture are discussed. These aspects are contextualised within the purity system of that culture.
The Spirit of God in the New Testament: Diverse witnesses
Authors: Van Aarde Andries
Published: January 2013

The article begins with a discussion of the development of the doctine with regard to the Holy Spirit. This development took place in three phases: from apocalypticism to the Nicene Creed to the Reformation. In the doctrine of the Triune God the Holy Spirit functions as the third persona. In the New Testament the Spiit of God should be seen against the background of intermediary and apocalyptic figures. A comparison of passages in Luke-Acts, the Gospel of John and Paul's letter to the Romans attests to a diversity of witnesses with regard to the Spirit of God. The aricle includes a discourse on the nature of the chaismatic gits of the Holy Spirit witnessed in 1 Cointhians 12. By way of conclusion, a list of recommended publications with regard to the Biblical witness of the Spirit of God is presented.
Patronage avoidance in James
Authors: Kloppenborg Verbin John S.
Published: January 2013

James 2:1-13 takes the form of a rhetorical "elaboration on a theme" described in Ps-Cicero's Rhetorica ad Herennium 2.18.28, and is directed not merely at the abstract issue of partiality or the issue of rich versus poor, but at the practice of patronage and its attendant effects on social interaction. James attacks the practice of patronage and reliance on the stereotypes of patronage as demeaning pseudo-friendship as well as the client, and contrasts this with true friendship from God.
Sosiologiese en antropologiese insigte en die studie van die Hebreeuse Bybel: 'n Bestekopname1
Authors: Kruger Paul A.
Published: January 2013

Sociological and anthropological insights and the study of the Hebrew Bible: A review. This article reviews the main trends in the social-scientific study of the Hebrew Bible. It focuses on the following central issues: the theoretical principles underlying this approach, anthropologists and the Hebrew Bible, the Hebrew Bible and comparative anthropology, anthropological evidence from African cultures, and the Hebrew Bible in social-scientific research: perils and prospects.
Refleksie op twee pastorale modelle, Deel 2: Die pastor as luisteraar - die storiemodel
Authors: Drever Yolanda
Published: January 2013

Reflection on two pastoral models, Part 2: The pastor as listener - the narrative model. This study focuses on pastoral interaction with women. Pastoral care and counselling with women takes place within hierarchical societal and church structures. In such societies those higher up in the hierarchy exercise power over others. The male perspective has been the dominant one. This article is a critical description and evaluation of Julian Miiller's narrative model for pastoral counselling. The premise of this model is that identity and story are related. This forms part of what is known in a broader context as the hermeneutics of conversation. In pastoral interaction the life stories of people are associated or disassociated with stories in the Bible. The article pleads for symmetrical interaction in pastoral counselling. This means that women should not be sold out to patriarchal narratives in the Bible that devalue them. Contra-narratives in the Bible according to which women have equal access to God could play an important role in pastoral interaction.
Godsbegrippe en die funksie van metafore in die rousmartproses1
Authors: Smith W. , Dreyer T. F.J.
Published: January 2013

Grief, metaphors and images of God. This article atempts to give new meaning to the discussion of "grief," "metaphors's" and "images of God" in such a way that new meaning of life within grief becomes a spiritual way of living, a life coram Deo. It is argued that the task of the pastor should be to communicate the different images of God on a conscious level so that the person undergoing counselling could develop the ability to evaluate his or her own images of God, which had been subconscious, on to a conscious level, in order to live the hope in Jesus Christ as an eschatological and pneumatical happening.
Pastoraat in rousmart as bewuste kommunikasie van die emosies van rousmart1
Authors: Smith W. , Dreyer T. F.
Published: January 2013

New meaning of life within grief. From the perspecive of pastoral care and counselling, one often finds that people experience a lack of meaning in their lives when confronted with grief. Thesalvation through Jesus Christ, and the way it is incorporated in one's life, doesn't bring existential hope and meaning any more. This article attempts to give new meaning to an old discussion of "grief" the conscious and unconscious mind, aswell as the emotions of grief, in such a way that new meaning of life within grief becomes a spiritual way of living, a life coram Deo.
Forgiving is a way of healing: Theological approximations1
Authors: Müller-Fahrenholz Geiko
Published: January 2013

By interpreing a contemporary forgiveness story this article seeks to provide a fresh understanding of the classical penitenial theology in "non-religious" terms (D Bonhoeffer). The "exegesis" of the story shows that forgiveness is a process of truthful encounter with the burdens of the past and of mutual liberaion both for the perpetrator and for the vicim in asmuch as it enables both sides to move beyond the bondage of past guilt and traumaization. Restitution and compensaion are seen as an indispensable element in such a process, with the emphasis being not so much on "repairing" the past than on "preparing" a more just and harmonious way forward.
Die filosofiese vraagstelling na Anderswees in die kerk1
Authors: Beukes C. J.
Published: January 2013

The philosophical problem of Otherness in the church. Employing the critical perspectives of philosophers Theodor Adorno and Michel Foucault, this article explores some consequences of the philosophical problem of Otherness within the social realm of the church. The author focuses on the marginalizing effect that instrumental rationality (described as the preferential discourse of modernity) has on the church as an institution of power, with reference to ecumenicity, interfaith discourse and the socio-subjective disposition of women, children and homosexuals in the life and work of the church.
Die rol van die Ou Testament in die ordening van die samelewing by A A van Ruler
Authors: Hertzog Collins , Breytenbach Andries
Published: January 2013

The role of the Old Testament in the arrangement of society as applied by A A van Ruler. This study considers A A van Ruler's position with regard to theological themes like eschatology, theocracy, torah and volkskerk. It endeavours to grasp Van Ruler's understanding of the Old Testament as the norm for establishing a theocratic social order. The following two conclusions are reached: the context of the Old Testament must be taken into account when interpreting it or when drawing support from it, and the Old Testament should not be used to back up preconceived notions about theocracy and the arrangement of society. The influence Van Ruler exercised on the Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk compels this church to reconsider its position with regard to his points of view.
Onherhaalbaar, onontdoenbaar: Die doop as simbool van eenheid in die kerk
Authors: Van Oudtshoorn David A.
Published: January 2013

Irrevocably singular: Baptism as a symbol of unity in the church. In this article I conduct a phenomenological analysis of the concept ‘one baptism’ in Ephesians 4:4−6. Such an analysis seeks to reveal the essence of a particular concept by bracketing out the theological and ideological presuppositions usually associated with it. The essential concept is then expanded by linking it to the terms most closely surrounding it in the text. A critical theological reflection on the expanded concept shows that ‘one baptism’ refers to an event by which believers are inducted, once and for all, into the church as the one body of the one Lord, Jesus Christ. The church exists through the presence of the one Spirit who binds believers in an unbreakable bond of love to God and to each other. Because baptism can never be undone or repeated, any liturgical act depicted as a ‘re-baptism’ is, by definition, impossible. This means that churches that baptise the children of believing parents are able to accommodate requests from people who, having been baptised as an infant, in later life wish to celebrate and testify to some significant milestone in their spiritual journey by means of an official church ritual. Such ritualised testimonies, however, refer to the existential lifeworld of believers (their repentance, confession of faith etc.) and are distinct from baptism that refers to the singular eschatological work of Christ and thus cannot be repeated. The church should, however, take pastoral care to ensure that people do not substitute their own spiritual experiences for the reality of salvation that is founded on the singular act of God, for us once and for all in Christ, to which baptism irrevocably refers.
Experience with free fibula transfer with screw fixation as a primary modality of treatment for congenital pseudarthosis of tibia in children - Series of 26 cases
Authors: Kalra Guru Dayal Singh , Agarwal Amit
Published: January 2013

Background: Congenital pseudarthrosis is one of the greatest challenges of paediatric orthopaedic practice. Treatment options and literature addressing this condition are numerous, reflecting the difficulty in management. We aimed to study the effectiveness of free fibula transfer as a primary modality of treatment in children with this condition in terms of achieving length, union, and normal axis of the involved leg. Materials and Methods: During the period of 2001 to 2010, 26 children with congenital pseudarthrosis of tibia between age group of 2-8 years were evaluated and were reconstructed using contra-lateral free fibula graft, and then patients were followed up for 5 years subsequently. Patients were examined and time of bony union, weight bearing ability and walking without support were noted. Any complication directly or indirectly related to surgery with any complication seen in the due course of follow up of 5 years was also taken care of. Results: In our experience with treatment of congenital pseudarthrosis over a span of 10 years with free fibula transfer, the results have been gratifying with no flap loss. All our patients had UNEVENTFUL post-op recovery. Only 2 patients out of 26 had non-union, for which cancellous bone grafting was done (7.6%). Most of the patients were ambulatory with support by 3-6 months and continued to walk without support after a span of 18-24 months. The incidence of stress fracture in our study over the follow-up period was 4 out of 26 pts (15.3%). None of them had any deformity in the donor leg. Conclusion: When compared to other surgical modalities of treatment of the problem in question, vascularised free fibula transfer has emerged as a real saviour with good patient compliance and less complication rate in our study. It achieves the desired target with no residual deformities and near normal to normal gait with no stigma of bone removal from other leg.
Thoracodorsal artery perforator fasciocutaneous flap: A versatile alternative for coverage of various soft tissue defects
Authors: Sever Celalettin , Uygur Fatih , Kulahci Yalcin , Karagoz Huseyin , Sahin Cihan
Published: January 2013

Objective: The thoracodorsal artery perforator (TDAP) flap has contributed to the efficient reconstruction of tissue defects that require a large amount of cutaneous tissue. The optimal reconstruction method should provide thin, and well-vascularized tissue with minimal donor-site morbidity. The indications for the use of this particular flap with other flaps are discussed in this article. Materials and Methods: Thirteen patients underwent soft tissue reconstruction using TDAP flaps between 2009 and 2011. Of those, there were four cases of antecubital burn contracture, three cases of axillary burn contracture, two cases of giant hair cell nevus of upper extremity, two cases of axillary reconstruction following severe recurrent hidradenitis, and two cases of crush injury. All patients were male and their ages ranged from 20 to 23 (average, 21 years). The mean follow-up period was 8 months (range, 4-22 months). Results: All reconstructive procedures were completed without any major complications. Minor complications related to transfered flaps were wound dehiscence in one case, transient venous congestion in two cases. Minor complication related to the donor site was seroma in one case. The success rate was 100%, with satisfactory cosmetic results. Conclusions: The TDAP flap is a safe and extremely versatile flap that offers significant advantages in acute and delayed reconstruction. Although the vascular anatomy may be variable, free and pedicled TDAP flap is a versatile alternative for soft tissue defects. It adapts very well to the soft tissue defects with acceptable donor site scar.
Congenital fusion of jaw and ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum: Malformation and multiple systems anomaly
Authors: Reddy Mallika P , Raghu SR
Published: January 2013

Congenital fusion of jaw and its association with ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum is reported but is a quite rare congenital benign anomaly. It may be unilateral or bilateral and can present with a single system or multiple systems involvement. This report concentrates on describing the clinical features of above disease, likely aetiological causes, and embryogenesis with classification, diagnostic, and, treatment modality, anesthesia problems and review of literature.
Well-posedness and large deviation for degenerate SDEs with Sobolev coefficients
Authors: Zhang Xicheng
Published: January 2013

In this article we prove existence and uniqueness for degenerate stochastic differential equations with Sobolev (possibly singular) drift and diffusion coefficients in a generalized sense. In particular, our result covers the classical DiPerna–Lions flows and we also obtain well-posedness for degenerate Fokker–Planck equations with irregular coefficients. Moreover, a large deviation principle of Freidlin–Wenzell type for this type of SDEs is established.