bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Protective effects of autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on acute radioactive enteritis in Beagle dogs
Authors: Sun Guang-Chen , Xu Wen-Da , Yao Hui , Chen Jiang , Chai Ruo-Nan
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Radiation enteritis is a common complication of radiation therapy in which the surrounding normal intestinal tissue is damaged by ionising radiation, and there is no standard pharmacological prophylaxis or treatment regimen available. Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation can be used for radiation protection and the treatment of acute radiation injury, but its therapeutic mechanism of action remains unclear.

AIM

To investigate the protective effects of autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ABMSC) transplantation on radiation-induced intestinal injury.

METHODS

A model of acute radioactive enteritis was established in dogs by applying abdominal intensity-modulated radiation at a single X-ray dose of 12 Gy. ABMSCs were transplanted into the mesenteric artery with the technology of femoral artery puncture and DSA imaging two days after radiation. Visual and histopathological changes of the experimental dogs were observed. Different kinds of cytokines from intestinal samples were tested using Quantibody Canine Cytokine Array method. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was also used to evaluate the cytokines changes in serum.

RESULTS

The ABMSCs group showed significant improvements in survival status compared with the blank and saline treatment groups. Histological observations revealed that the former had lower histological scores than the later after treatment (P < 0.05). Compared to the control groups, interleukin (IL)-10 and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 from intestinal samples showed a remarkable increase and ELISA of serum samples proved higher secretion of the two target cytokines in the ABMSCs group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Our data suggest that transplantation of ABMSCs promotes intestinal recovery after acute radioactive injury in Beagle dogs. The cytokines of IL-10 and MCP-1 might play an important role in this process.
Implementation of quantitative integral analysis in assessing events associated with safety issues during clinical trials: focusing on trastuzumab
Authors: Verveda A. B. , Vasilyuk V. B. , Syraeva G. I. , Faraponova M. V. , Popov A. V.
Published: January 2025

The authors developed a methodology for an in-depth study of the safety of pharmacotherapy based on a quantitative integrated analysis of adverse events in the context of clinical trials. The methodology was tested using data obtained during a bioequivalence study of trastuzumab.

Objective. Practical implementation of the approaches developed by the authors for the individualized assessment of safety of pharmacotherapy based on quantitative integral analysis of adverse events.

Materials and methods. This five-step algorithm modifies information regarding registered adverse events during clinical trials. Subsequent integral assessment of adverse drug events, in which each event is assigned a certain score and weighting coefficient, followed by aggregation of data to obtain an integral indicator at the system-organ and organism levels.

Conclusions. The algorithms proposed by the authors of the article for a systematic analysis of adverse events associated with the use of trastuzumab allow us to predict the safety of prescribed pharmacotherapy and, in the future, move to a risk-based approach when using this drug at the post-registration stage.
Methodology for calculating the "proportion of days covered" to determine adherence to pharmacotherapy using data from the accounting of implemented electronic prescriptions of the EMIAS
Authors: Fitilev S. B. , Kliuev D. A. , Shkrebniova I. I. , Vozzhaev A. V. , Ovaeva A. O.
Published: January 2025

Adherence is one of the crucial determinants of high-quality and effective pharmacotherapy. Along with the search for optimal methods to improve adherence and with the study of factors influencing it, it remains an equally urgent task to choose the optimal method to evaluate it. In the context of the digitalization of healthcare systems that is actively taking place in many countries, including Russia, the approach based on the analysis of prescription data is of the greatest interest among all known methods of measuring adherence. The calculation of the «proportion of days covered» (PDC) has become the most widespread among the variants of this approach. However, the local adoption of foreign experience of assessing adherence by PDC turned out to be hampered by the presence of significant problems associated with insufficient standardization of the calculation methodology and interpreting the results obtained. The purpose of this work was to develop the standard PDC calculation method based on the EMIAS prescription claims data to increase compliance with the requirements for qualitative studies of medication adherence. The analysis of the literature made it possible to identify and describe the following most significant elements of PDC calculation methodology: (1) minimum fill criterion; (2) evaluation period; (3) method for identifying fill date; (4) calculation of the total number of days in the evaluation period; (5) calculation of the number of days covered with prescriptions; (6) interpretation of PDC calculation results; (7) assessment of multiple adherences. Based on the results of the literature analysis and on the experience of conducted pilot study, in the summary of this paper, an optimal list of recommendations was presented that allows for a qualitative assessment of adherence by PDC methodology.
Human Resource Selection and Marketing: The Role of Human Resource Management in the Enterprise
Authors: Pramesworo Ignatius Septo , Sugiardi Sigit , Harahap Ida , Nurbakti Rezky , Rosari Dini
Published: January 2025

This research aimed to explore the strategic role of HRM in selecting and marketing HR as a key asset for the company's success. The research focuses on how HRM can find and recruit talent that fits the organization's needs amid tough business competition. HR selection based on technical competence, behavior, and alignment with corporate values is seen as a crucial first step in building a strong resource foundation. Also, talent marketing strategies are important in a competitive job market. They include employer branding, career development, and employee engagement initiatives. They help attract and retain top talent. This study uses a qualitative approach to understand the processes and strategies that companies implement in HR selection and marketing. We collected data through in-depth interviews with HR managers. They were from five multinational companies in tech, manufacturing, and services. Also, watching the recruitment and training gave insights into the companies' internal dynamics and best practices. Document analysis such as recruitment policies, annual reports, and HR marketing strategies were also used to enrich the research data. The results show that a competency-based HR selection strategy. It improves recruitment and ensures new hires have the right skills to support the company's goals. On the other hand, integrated HR marketing has benefits. It boosts the company's image as an ideal workplace (employer branding). It also provides career development. This approach has increased the company's appeal to talent and strengthened employee loyalty. This approach significantly enhances a company's competitiveness in the global labor market.
Sugar Cane Farmer’S Social Capital And Partnership In PG. Madukismo
Authors: Trimerani Resna , Ismiasih Ismiasih
Published: January 2025

Purpose : The aim of this research is to determine the partnership system that operates in PG. Madukismo and knowing the social capital in the partnership. Methodology : The research method used was descriptive qualitative, while the sampling method used was purposive sampling with a total sample of 30 sugar cane farmers. Results : The research results show that the social capital found in partnerships, namely trust, social norms (reciprocity) and social networks, has an average value of 2.94. Findings : This figure shows that the three elements of social capital are included in the high category in the partnership between sugar cane farmers and PG. Madukismo. Novelty : The partnership system found in PG. Madukismo is the People's Sugarcane Partnership System (TRK) and the Mandiri People's Sugarcane Partnership System (TRM). Originality: This study reveals that social capital in the form of trust, social norms and social networks are very instrumental in the partnership of sugarcane farmers with PG. Madukismo. Conclusion: The partnership system found in PG. Madukismo is the People's Sugarcane Partnership System (TRK) and the Mandiri People's Sugarcane Partnership System (TRM). While the social capital that plays a role in the partnership includes trust, norms contained in the form of reciprocity and social networks. Type of paper : Empirical Research Paper
The Effect Of Land Fragmentation On Agricultural Sector Regeneration In East Lombok
Authors: Iskandar Muhammad Joni , Anwar Muhammad , Parmi Handri Jurya
Published: January 2025

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of land fragmentation on the regeneration of the agricultural sector in East Lombok. The location of the study was determined purposively in Keruak and Sakra Districts with a sample of 50 respondents determined by accidental sampling with the criteria of a sample age less than 40 years. Methodology : Analysis of the effect of land fragmentation on the regeneration of the agricultural sector using the Likert scale on all variables. Results :   The results of the study show that more than 50 percent of the young generation stated that fragmentation is the cause of narrow land area, decreased production and productivity, low profits, and difficult production diversification. However, more than 90 percent of farmers are ready and will continue family farming activities. Findings: More than 50 percent of farmers stated that the bargaining position of agricultural products has always been low due to fragmentation. Novelty: This research provides new insights into the effect of land fragmentation on the regeneration of the agricultural sector.  Originality: This study offers an analysis of the effect of land fragmentation on the regeneration of the agricultural sector using a Likert scale on all variables. Conclusion: Family, extension workers, and community support are needed to build a modern agricultural sector based on the younger generation. Type of paper : Empirical Research Article
Calorimetric Label Based On Teak And Ketapang Leaf Extracts As A Freshness Detector For Ground Beef
Authors: Manurung Surya Christien , Sabrina Arina , Putri Diana Rizki , Della Khoirum Fahra
Published: January 2025

Purpose: This research aims to prove the effectiveness of colorimetric labels based on teak leaf and ketapang leaf extracts as freshness detectors for ground beef. Methodology: The study was conducted through 3 stages, namely characterisation of natural extracts, manufacture of colorimetric labels and determination of the effectiveness of colour change of colorimetric labels. Characterisation of extracts through pH, TPT and RGB value test using image J software. The effectiveness of label colour change through colour test (L*, a*, and b*). The colour change was adjusted to the quality change of pH, total acid, and beef colour. Results: The pH, and colour values of teak leaves of 3.42; 81.17 were greater than ketapang leaves of 2.64 and 42.06. The TPT (̊ Brix) value of teak leaf extract (3.00) was lower than ketapang leaf extract (4.95). The results of colour parameter analysis L*, a*, and b* of teak and ketapang leaf colorimetric labels had no significant effect between 0, 3, and 6 hours. Ground beef experienced significantly different pH and total acid quality changes during storage with final values of 5.29 and 0.82%. Novelty: Research on the concept of colorimetric labels as freshness indicators based on pigments from teak leaves and ketapang leaves has not been widely studied, and this study shows the effectiveness of label colour changes with Whatman No. 1 paper carriers. Conclusion: The results showed that colorimetric labels based on old teak leaves and ketapang leaves were not effective in detecting the state of ground beef. Optimisation of the extraction method or the use of a different type of carrier is required.  Paper Type: Research article
Risiko Keamanan dan Kerentanan Jaringan Transmisi Listrik Terhadap Serangan Siber pada Infrastruktur Energi Terdistribusi
Authors: Didik Aribowo  , Jahra Damayanti  , Muhamad Sadewa  , Syafa Raihanun Nabila  , Sarnata
Published: January 2025

Cybersecurity is a major challenge for energy infrastructure in remote areas that rely on distributed power grids. Limited resources and lower levels of monitoring compared to urban areas increase vulnerability to cyberattacks. This study analyzes the key risks faced by power transmission networks in remote areas, including restricted physical access, the use of outdated and vulnerable protocols, and insufficient network segmentation. To address these challenges, this research recommends a layered mitigation strategy, including data encryption, multi-factor authentication, network segmentation, and the adoption of blockchain technology. Additionally, training local staff and regularly updating software are crucial steps in enhancing network security. This study employs a literature review method, gathering and analyzing information from various sources such as books, journals, articles, and previous research findings. Data processing is conducted systematically to identify challenges and applicable solutions to improve the reliability of energy infrastructure in remote areas. The implementation of these recommended strategies is expected to reduce cybersecurity risks and enhance the security of power grids in such regions.
રવીન્દ્રનાથ ટાગોરની વાર્તાઓમાં માનવતાનું સમ્યકદર્શન
Authors: રામી વંદના
Published: January 2025

તત્કાલીન બંગાળનું વાસ્તવિક આલેખન આબેહુબ થયુ છે. એ સમયના રીત-રિવાજો, માન્યતાઓ,વહેમો અને અંધશ્રદ્ધાઓ જીલાયા છે. ખાસ તો તત્કાલીન બંગાળની સ્ત્રીઓની પરિસ્થિતિનો યથાતથ ચિતાર છે. તેમણે ભારતીય શહેરી જીવનમાં ભૌતિક સુખ અને ભૂખમરાની હદમાં સપડાઈ રહેલા લોકોની લાગણીઓને સમજવાનો પ્રયત્ન કર્યો છે. રવીન્દ્રનાથ ટાગોરની કલમે મનુષ્યની ગૂઢ લાગણીઓ શક્ય તેટલી ઊંડાઈથી આલેખાઈ છે.
Prediction of bank credit customers churn based on machine learning and interpretability analysis
Authors: Li Ying , Yan Keyue
Published: January 2025

Nowadays, traditional machine learning methods for building predictive models of credit card customer churn are no longer sufficient for effective customer management. Additionally, interpreting these models has become essential. This study aims to balance the data using sampling techniques to forecast whether a customer will churn, combine machine learning methods to build a comprehensive customer churn prediction model, and select the model with the best performance. The optimal model is then interpreted using the Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) values method to analyze the correlation between each independent variable and customer churn. Finally, the causal impacts of these variables on customer churn are explored using the R-learner causal inference method. The results show that the complete customer churn prediction model using Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) achieved significant performance, with accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and area under the curve (AUC) all reaching 97%. The SHAP values method and causal inference method demonstrate that several variables, such as the customer's total number of transactions, the total transaction amount, the total number of bank products, and the changes in both the amount and the number of transactions from the fourth quarter to the first quarter, have an impact on customer churn, providing a theoretical foundation for customer management.
Assessing Science Teachers' Acceptance of and Readiness for Virtual Lab in Rural Schools
Authors: Shambare Brian , Jita Thuthukile
Published: January 2025

In many Global South countries, including South Africa, the adoption of Virtual Lab (VL) remains largely conceptual. This paper emphasizes the necessity of understanding teachers' perceptions of VL before implementation to mitigate risks of abandonment or underutilization post deployment. Guided by the Technology Acceptance Model (Davis, 1989), the research employed a sequential explanatory mixed-methods approach. Phase 1 comprised a questionnaire survey with 186 randomly selected life science teachers in the Eastern Cape province, and Phase 2 involved in-depth semi-structured interviews with 4 teachers. Data analysis included descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Findings reveal positive perceptions and a solid intention to adopt VL among teachers, highlighting its perceived usefulness in rural schools. However, caution is warranted as intention alone may not ensure actual adoption. This paper offers insights into the perceptions of teachers in rural regions, whose voices are conspicuously absent in the broader discourse on adopting novel technologies in science education.
Characterizing Parkinson's Disease-Associated Pain in Native Patients with Malayalam Version of the King's Parkinson's Disease Pain Scale
Authors: Selvaraj Prabhu Attur , Vijayaraghavan Asish , Radhakrishnan Vineeth , Puthenveedu Divya Kalikavil , Sarma Gangadhara , Sarma Sankara P , Krishnan Syam
Published: January 2025

Background and Objectives:

Pain is an important non-motor symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD) and is often under-recognized. Pain is also a symptom frequently reported by non-PD elderly subjects. The King's Parkinson's Disease Pain Scale (KPPS) is a valid tool to characterize and quantify pain in PD and has been translated into several languages.

Methods:

We translated KPPS to Malayalam for native patients with PD and examined the pain characteristics in consecutive patients. Correlations with comprehensive disease-specific rating scales, including the Movement Disorder Society-Sponsored Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) and the Non-Motor Symptoms Scale (NMSS), were explored. A group of age- and gender-matched subjects without PD were interviewed using KPPS to examine how the pain reported by the non-PD aging population is different from that in PD.

Results:

In this study, 82% of patients with PD reported at least one type of pain, compared to 31.3% of age- and gender-matched control subjects (P < 0.001). KPPS total scores (18.2 ± 14.0 vs. 1.8 ± 3.2; P < 0.001) and all the individual domain scores were significantly higher in patients. Pain scores correlated with age in control subjects (R = 0.46, P < 0.001), but not in patients; females reported more pain in both groups. Patients' pain scores were higher in the postural instability and gait difficulty subtype and showed significant correlations with MDS-UPDRS and NMSS scores.

Conclusions:

Pain is a prevalent symptom in PD and differs from the pain reported by a non-PD aging population. The Malayalam version of KPPS is a valid tool to characterize pain in native, Malayalam-speaking patients.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Among Dentists About Radiation Effects on Pregnant Women
Authors: Awate Shahabaj Johar , Chand Sachin , Khan Mohsin , Shaktawat Neha , Biswas Arpan , Kavitake Ranjeet D.
Published: January 2025

Background:

This study evaluates dentists’ awareness of radiation risks for pregnant women, focusing on knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP).

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study among 250 dentists in Rajasthan used a validated questionnaire covering demographic data and KAP regarding radiation risks. Data analysis employed Statistical Package for Social Sciences, descriptive statistics, and chi-square tests.

Results:

Among participants, 93% viewed dental X-rays as harmful to pregnant women. Awareness of as low as reasonably achievable principles and radiation dose thresholds was higher among those attending continuing dental education (CDE) programs. Significant differences were observed between CDE attendees and nonattendees in knowledge scores.

Conclusion:

While knowledge of radiation risks among dentists was acceptable, gaps remain in practice and awareness of protective protocols. Regular CDE programs are essential to bridge these gaps.
Anti-programmed death-1 immunotherapy-promising treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer: A case report
Authors: Guo Tian-Hao , Hong Sheng-Wei , Zhu Wen-Jian , Hui Yi-Fan , Qiu Wen-Li , Wu Yan , Li Xuan , Ke Fei , Li Liu , Cheng Hai-Bo
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent form of cancer worldwide. Among patients with CRC, colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) is the foremost direct contributor to mortality. In recent years, immunotherapy has swiftly risen to prominence as a vital approach for treating a range of solid tumors, including CRC. We present a unique case of a patient suffering from CRLM, with the goal of offering an insightful example and relevant references for the treatment of CRLM.

CASE SUMMARY

We report a patient who experienced liver metastasis after undergoing successful surgical removal of CRC, with the postoperative pathological stage identified as pT4N2aM0. The patient has been receiving a combination treatment of Western and Traditional Chinese Medicine. Regular assessments of the patient’s condition have been conducted, encompassing evaluations of serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels, carbohydrate antigen 199, and observations of the tongue complexion and its coating. The patient achieved clinical remission after anti-programmed death-1 immunotherapy when various systemic therapies failed. Since the diagnosis of CRLM, the patient has survived for more than 6 years, surpassing the expected survival time for those with advanced CRC.

CONCLUSION

This case illustrates the considerable promise of anti-programmed death-1 immunotherapy in managing CRLM, especially in scenarios of drug resistance and disease progression.
Ultra-processed food, obesity, and colon cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tin Justin , Lee Henry , Trejo Alfonso Gonzalez , Tin Kevin
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Recently, there has been a significant increase in the consumption of ultra-processed foods worldwide. However, the association between the consumption of ultra-processed food, obesity, and the prevalence of colon cancer remains controversial.

AIM

To find out the association between the consumption of ultra-processed food, obesity, and the prevalence of colon cancer.

METHODS

A comprehensive systematic literature search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for grey literature was done for articles published before 8th March 2023. The search was done to retrieve potential peer-reviewed articles that explored the association between the consumption of ultra-processed food, obesity, and the prevalence of colon cancer.

RESULTS

Of the 246 potential articles assessed, 17 met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis results demonstrated that high consumption of ultra-processed food is associated with an increased risk of obesity [odds ratio (OR): 1.65; 95%CI: 1.07-2.45; P < 0.05]. Consequently, there is a positive association between obesity and an increased risk of colon cancer (OR 1.48; 95%CI: 0.77-2.87; P > 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Consuming ultra-processed foods increases the risk of obesity and colon cancer.
Clinical and endoscopic characteristics of colorectal traditional serrated adenomas with dysplasia/adenocarcinoma in a Korean population
Authors: Kim Ki-Hyun , Myung Eun , Oh Hyung Hoon , Im Chan-Muk , Seo Young-Eun , Kim Je-Seong , Lim Chae-June , You Ga-Ram , Cho Sung-Bum , Lee Wan-Sik , Noh Myung-Giun , Lee Kyung-Hwa , Joo Young-Eun
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Traditional serrated adenoma (TSA) is a rare and precancerous lesion of colorectal cancer. The clinical and endoscopic differentiations between TSAs without dysplasia or adenocarcinoma (TSAOs) and TSAs with dysplasia or adenocarcinoma (TSADs) remain unclear.

AIM

To evaluate the characteristics of colorectal TSAs and compare the characteristics of TSAOs with those of TSADs.

METHODS

This retrospective study included 193 patients who underwent endoscopic resection and received a pathologic diagnosis of TSA. We reviewed the medical, endoscopic, and histopathologic records of patients who underwent endoscopic resection of TSAs between January 2010 and December 2023.

RESULTS

TSAs were more frequently located in the rectosigmoid colon. Most TSAs had 0-Ip, 0-Isp, or 0-Is morphologies. The TSAD lesions were larger than TSAO lesions. TSAD lesions more commonly had a red color and an irregular border than TSAO lesions. TSAOs were usually treated using conventional endoscopic mucosal resection, whereas TSADs were treated using conventional endoscopic mucosal resection, endoscopic submucosal dissection, and surgery. Post-polypectomy bleeding was more common with TSADs than with TSAOs. Univariate analysis showed that gastrointestinal bleeding, red color, 0-IIa, irregular border, and lobular mucosal surface were significantly associated with TSADs. Multivariate analysis showed that gastrointestinal bleeding, an irregular border, and a lobular mucosal surface were significantly associated with TSADs.

CONCLUSION

TSAs with gastrointestinal bleeding, an irregular border, and a lobular mucosal surface are associated with an increased risk of dysplasia or adenocarcinoma.
Development and validation of a nomogram model for predicting overall survival in patients with gastric carcinoma
Authors: Liang Guan-Zhong , Li Xiao-Sheng , Hu Zu-Hai , Xu Qian-Jie , Wu Fang , Wu Xiang-Lin , Lei Hai-Ke
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

The prevalence and mortality rates of gastric carcinoma are disproportionately elevated in China, with the disease's intricate and varied characteristics further amplifying its health impact. Precise forecasting of overall survival (OS) is of paramount importance for the clinical management of individuals afflicted with this malignancy.

AIM

To develop and validate a nomogram model that provides precise gastric cancer prevention and treatment guidance and more accurate survival outcome prediction for patients with gastric carcinoma.

METHODS

Data analysis was conducted on samples collected from hospitalized gastric cancer patients between 2018 and 2020. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, univariate, and multivariate Cox regression analyses were employed to identify independent prognostic factors. A nomogram model was developed to predict gastric cancer patient outcomes. The model's predictability and discriminative ability were evaluated via receiver operating characteristic curves. To evaluate the clinical utility of the model, Kaplan-Meier and decision curve analyses were performed.

RESULTS

A total of ten independent prognostic factors were identified, including body mass index, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, radiation, chemotherapy, surgery, albumin, globulin, neutrophil count, lactate dehydrogenase, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio. The area under the curve (AUC) values for the 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival prediction in the training set were 0.843, 0.850, and 0.821, respectively. The AUC values were 0.864, 0.820, and 0.786 for the 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival prediction in the validation set, respectively. The model exhibited strong discriminative ability, with both the time AUC and time C-index exceeding 0.75. Compared with TNM staging, the model demonstrated superior clinical utility. Ultimately, a nomogram was developed via a web-based interface.

CONCLUSION

This study established and validated a novel nomogram model for predicting the OS of gastric cancer patients, which demonstrated strong predictive ability. Based on these findings, this model can aid clinicians in implementing personalized interventions for patients with gastric cancer.
LncRNA PCAT6 promotes progression and metastasis of colonic neuroendocrine carcinoma via MAPK pathway
Authors: Wang Fei , Mu Hai-Feng , Wang Chun , Tang Yue , Si Ming-Yuan , Peng Jing
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Colonic neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) are highly malignant and invasive with poor prognosis. Long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) participate in the tumorigenesis and metastasis of multiple cancers

AIM

To detect the roles and mechanisms of lncRNA prostate cancer associated transcript 6 (PCAT6) in the progression of colonic NEC.

METHODS

Human NEC and adjacent normal samples were collected for immunohistochemistry staining of CgA and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) of PCAT6 mRNA level. Subcutaneous xenograft tumor model and lung metastasis model were established in nude mice. The lung tissues were stained by hematoxylin and eosin to assess pulmonary metastasis. The expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related markers and pathway-related genes was measured by RT-qPCR and western blotting. CD56 expression was assessed by immunofluorescence staining. The biological functions of PCAT6 were examined by cell counting kit-8, colony formation assays, Transwell assays and wound healing assays. The interaction between PCAT6 and its potential downstream target was verified by luciferase reporter assays.

RESULTS

LncRNA PCAT6 was upregulated in human NEC samples and LCC-18 cells, and its high expression was positively correlated with poor prognosis in patients with colonic NEC. Additionally, the expression of PCAT6 was positively associated with the proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT of LCC-18 cells. Moreover, PCAT6 facilitated tumor growth, lung metastasis and EMT in xenografts. Mechanistically, PCAT6 promoted the activation of MAPK to enhance the EMT in colonic NEC by targeting miR-326.

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, lncRNA PCAT6 accelerates the process of colonic NEC by activating ERK/p38 MAPK signaling through targeting miR-326. These results might provide useful information for exploring the potential therapeutic targets in colonic NEC.
Bidirectional regulation of the cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase-stimulator of interferon gene pathway and its impact on hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Nie Ai-Yu , Xiao Zhong-Hui , Deng Jia-Li , Li Na , Hao Li-Yuan , Li Sheng-Hao , Hu Xiao-Yu
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks as the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in China, and the treatment options are limited. The cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase (cGAS) activates the stimulator of interferon gene (STING) signaling pathway as a crucial immune response pathway in the cytoplasm, which detects cytoplasmic DNA to regulate innate and adaptive immune responses. As a potential therapeutic target, cGAS-STING pathway markedly inhibits tumor cell proliferation and metastasis, with its activation being particularly relevant in HCC. However, prolonged pathway activation may lead to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, which fostering the invasion or metastasis of liver tumor cells.

AIM

To investigate the dual-regulation mechanism of cGAS-STING in HCC.

METHODS

This review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. The study conducted a comprehensive search for articles related to HCC on PubMed and Web of Science databases. Through rigorous screening and meticulous analysis of the retrieved literature, the research aimed to summarize and elucidate the impact of the cGAS-STING pathway on HCC tumors.

RESULTS

All authors collaboratively selected studies for inclusion, extracted data, and the initial search of online databases yielded 1445 studies. After removing duplicates, the remaining 964 records were screened. Ultimately, 55 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review.

CONCLUSION

Acute inflammation can have a few inhibitory effects on cancer, while chronic inflammation generally promotes its progression. Extended cGAS-STING pathway activation will result in a suppressive tumor microenvironment.
UNDERSTANDING THE AYURVEDIC CONCEPT OF CHITTODVEGA IN THE
CONTEXT OF GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER AND ITS MANAGEMENT
THROUGH AYURVEDA
Authors: Angmo Dichen , Rajpurohit Ranu , Kumar Srivastava Akhilesh
Published: January 2025

Generalised anxiety disorder is among the most common mental health conditions. Up to 20% of people are af-fected by anxiety problems each year. An ongoing feeling of overwhelm, fear, and concern are signs of general-ised anxiety disorder. Generalised anxiety disorder is characterised by excessive, irrational, and persistent worry about everyday issues. This worry may have several aspects, including financial, family, health, and future con-cerns. Most people with GAD also have additional mental diseases, such as panic disorder, social anxiety disor-der, significant depression, or particular phobia. Generalised anxiety disorder can affect both adults and children. The sickness often begins in infancy or adolescence but can begin at any age. GAD is twice as common in women and those assigned female at birth as it is in men and those assigned male at birth. Charaka stated the Manasavikara (mental disorder) Chittodvega (anxiety), which is said to be the ideal word to highlight the state of anxiety, namely generalised anxiety disorder. Both as a distinct illness and as a contributing component to other psychological and psychosomatic disorders, Chittodvega can occur. According to clinical investigations, anxiolytic medications by themselves have limited long-term effectiveness, and serious side effects such as se-dation, drug dependency, and resistance cannot be avoided. Ayurveda takes a psychosocial approach to medi-cine. Acharya Charaka describes three forms of treatment for mental and physical illnesses: Satwavajaya Chikitsa (Psychotherapy), Yuktivyapashraya (Rational therapy), and Daivavyapashraya (Spiritual therapy). Apart from these, we can also treat mental illness through counselling. Thus, the current study examines Chittodvega from the Ayurvedic classics and how to handle it.
HERBAL SCIENCE: EXPLORING THE PHYTOCHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOGNOSY
OF MEDICINAL PLANTS
Authors: Singh Ankita , Chandra Tiwari Ramesh , Dikshit Manisha , Sharma Ved Bhushan , Mittal Bhawana , Kumar Naveen
Published: January 2025

India has a diverse cultural heritage due to its biodiversity. Currently, the Indian primary health care system depends upon both organised systems such as Ayurveda, Siddha, and Unani, as well as an unorganised traditional system of medicine like folk medicine. One of the renowned ancient medical systems is Ayurveda, where many medicinal plants are used therapeutically. Many studies have been carried out globally to verify the efficacy of numerous medicinal plants, due to which various plant-based medicines are formulated. The crude drugs that are procured from natural sources are considered to be the branch of Pharmacognosy. Pharmacognosy mainly deals with identifying natural drugs obtained from various plants, microbes, and animals, leading to a new approach towards drug delivery. Various important drugs originate from plants like atropine, morphine, colchicine, ricin, cannabidiol, THC, etc. Plants produce secondary metabolites, such as toxins, alkaloids, and biopolymers. On the other hand, Phytochemistry studies phytochemicals,chemicals derived from plants. Medicinal plants are a rich source of phytochemicals and natural compounds such as alkaloids, terpenes, glycosylated, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, etc. They are also an effective source of folk and modern medicine widely used to treat various ailments. The ancient wisdom in this traditional system of medicine (TSMs) is still not exhaustively explored. Plants seem to be valuable for minimising side effects and having a positive impact on human health. Through this article, we can explore new avenues for discovering more efficient drugs with the help of medicinal plants, pharmacognosy, phytochemistry and their dependency on each other.
TO STUDY THE CHARAKOKTA CONCEPT OF SANTARPANA KARMA IN
MADHUMEHA AND ITS TREATMENT BY AMALAKI CHOORNA
Authors: Lomte Pankaj , Bhakare Virendra
Published: January 2025

Acharya Charaka indicated santarpana treatment in madhumeha patients. So, studying the necessity of santarpana
in a particular stage of madhumeha is essential. Amalaki powder, potentiated 21 times by Amalaki swaras, is used
as santarpana in Madhumeha management. Aim &objective: evaluate the role of Amalaki choorna based on
Charakokta principals of Santarpana Karma in Madhumeha Methodology Prospective open randomised uncontrolled
study. In this study, 30 madhumeha patients were treated with amalaka churna potentiated 21 times by Amalaki
swaras for 6 weeks. Analysis and Discussion: The paper will discuss Statistical analysis and results in detail. Result: The results are encouraging. The theory shows relieving signs & symptoms of Madhumeha. Conclusion Improvement in symptoms and haematological parameters of Madhumeha.
AYURVEDIC PERSPECTIVE ON OBESITY (STHOULYA) AND KAPHA IMBAL-ANCE
Authors: Patidar Savan , Pradhan Rashmi
Published: January 2025

Ayurveda, an ancient Indian medical system, offers an insightful perspective on obesity (Sthoulya). It identifies it
as a result of an imbalance in Kapha dosha, which leads to excessive fat (Meda dhatu) accumulation. This paper
explores the Ayurvedic approach to managing obesity through diet, lifestyle modifications, and herbal remedies to
balance Kapha. The findings demonstrate that Ayurvedic treatments reduce fat accumulation, enhance metabolism, and provide holistic health benefits.
SHARAD RITUCHARYA: BRIDGING TRADITIONAL CONCEPTS AND PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS
Authors: Patidar Savan , Pradhan Rashmi
Published: January 2025

Sharad Ritu, the autumn season in Ayurveda, is a transitional period marked by the intensification of Pitta Dosha.
This study delves into the significance of Ritucharya, a seasonal regimen designed to align with nature's cycles
and maintain health. We explore the physiological changes, dietary recommendations, and lifestyle practices associated with Sharad Ritu by reviewing classical Ayurvedic texts and modern research. The study underscores the
importance of balancing Pitta Dosha through specific dietary and lifestyle modifications, including the consumption of Pitta-pacifying foods, avoidance of aggravating factors, and the judicious use of Panchakarma therapies
like Virechana and Raktamokshana. Adhering to the principles of Sharad Ritucharya can promote overall wellbeing and prevent Pitta-related disorders in the modern context.
AN AYURVEDIC PERSPECTIVE ON MANAGING A RARE COEXISTING CONDI-TION: CERVICAL DYSTONIA AND COLPOCEPHALY W. S. R TO VATAVYADHI – A CASE REPORT
Authors: T Sreelakshmi , Joseph Sophia , D. S Vinod
Published: January 2025

Background: Cervical dystonia, characterised by involuntary neck muscle contractions, and colpocephaly, a congenital brain anomaly. Although their relationship is not well understood, both conditions lead to significant functional impairment. This case report explores the Ayurvedic management of a patient with both conditions, focusing on the Ayurvedic aspect of Vata vyadhi. Case Presentation: A 36-year-old male farmer presented with a 12-
year history of involuntary neck contractions, stiffness, left-sided neck deviation, and speech slurring for the past
5 years. He was diagnosed with colpocephaly in childhood after CT imaging revealed enlarged lateral ventricles.
Despite undergoing Botox injections, the patient experienced minimal relief and sought Ayurvedic treatment.
Methods: The patient was treated with internal and external medications of Samanya vatavyadhi and Akshepa
vata chikitsa to balance Vata dosha, relieve symptoms, and improve overall quality of life. Results: After three
months of treatment, the patient experienced significant pain reduction, decreased involuntary movements, and
improved mood. Conclusion: This case demonstrates the potential of Ayurvedic medicines in managing cervical
dystonia and colpocephaly by restoring Vata balance.
ESOPHAGEAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA: A CASE STUDY OF SUCCESS-FUL AYURVEDIC TREATMENT
Authors: - Swati , Saini Shashibala , Patiya Anita , Kumar Agrawal Sarvesh
Published: January 2025

Carcinoma of the oesophagus ranks seventh in incidence (572,000 new cases) and sixth in overall mortality
worldwide (509,000 deaths). Esophageal cancer was, in fact, responsible for an estimated one in every 20. The
most common histological variant worldwide was Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) conventionally. Management
of this disease includes all three primary modalities of treatment: surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In the
present case, a 75-year-old female patient was diagnosed with SCC of Esophagus, and she did not want to take the
conventional therapies. The patient had complained of difficulty in swallowing, a burning sensation in the throat,
and constipation. She was managed with Herbo-mineral Ayurvedic combinations for this condition. After four
months of continuous medication with follow-up on every 15 days, investigations revealed a significant reduction
in size and thickness of carcinoma, i.e. from 20 mm thickness, 77 mm length to wall thickening varying 7 to 12
mm approx., 35 mm long.
A REVIEW ARTICLE ON PHYSIOLOGY OF VISION
Authors: Priya Pranjali , Singh Ajay Kumar
Published: January 2025

The visual pathway predominantly travels beneath the cortex for most of its length. Visual signals in the optic nerves may intersect at the chiasma and then proceed through the optic tracts. The term Ayurveda derives from two words: "Ayu," meaning life, and "Ved," signifying knowledge or science. Therefore, "AYURVEDA" as a whole translates to "the science of life." According to Ayurvedic principles, the universe consists of five funda-mental elements. The body maintains an ideal equilibrium of these elements, and any disruption to this balance results in a state of unhealthiness we refer to as illness. The classical texts of Ayurveda provide detailed insights into the physiology of the sense organs, sensation, perception, and the mind's role in the perception process in an exceptional manner. Indriya (sense faculty) serves as the specialized tool that helps the soul in recognizing even the slightest changes in both the external and internal environments. Indriya acts as the essential element that differentiates living entities from non-living ones. The concept of Indriya pancha panchak, introduced by Achar-ya Charaka, delves into both the anatomical and physiological features of the sense organs. The five sensory faculties include sight (chakshurendriya), hearing (shrotrendriya), smell (ghranendriya), taste (rasanendriya), and touch (sparshnendriya). Each sensory faculty is associated with a specific object: sound (shabda) pertains to hearing, touch (sparsha) relates to the tactile sense, color (rupa) corresponds to sight, taste (rasa) is associated with the gustatory sense, and smell (gandha) links with the olfactory sense organ. Every sensory faculty pos-sesses an excess of one material element. Developed from particular material constituents, each specific sense faculty perceives the properties of its corresponding element. The mechanics of how the external world is per-ceived is referred to as the visual process or the physiology of vision. Ayurveda introduces a special concept known as the Tridosha theory. The three fundamental elements of the human body are collectively termed Tridosha (Vata, Pitta, Kapha). The Tridosha governs the physiological and voluntary activities of the body. Ayur-veda elaborates on the physiology of vision by considering the roles of vata and pitta. Pitta encompasses five different types: Ranjak, Pachak, Alochak, Sadhak, and Bhrajak. The "Alochak Pitta" is recognized as the seat of "Drishti." The retinal pigments Rhodopsin, Iodopsin, and Melanin symbolize Alochak Pitta. Alochak pitta is fur-ther categorized into two types: chakshu vaisheshik located in the eye and buddhi vaisheshik found in the brain. There are three stages in this visual process: the light refraction phase, the phase in which light energy is trans-formed into an electrical impulse, and lastly, the peripheral and central neurophysiology involving the geniculate bodies and optic radiations prior to synapsing in the occipital cortex.
MANAGEMENT OF EKAKUSTA THROUGH SHODHANA - A SINGLE CASE STUDY
Authors: Venkatesh Padmavati , Kurubar Shilpashri
Published: January 2025

Twacha represents the health of an individual. A good complexion of skin makes a person feel happy and confident. Nowadays, skin disorders are increasing due to various aetiological factors. In Ayurveda, skin diseases are
explained as Kushtha Vyadhi. Ekakushtha- a type of Kshudra Kushtha that appears similar to psoriasis in terms of
symptoms, remission, and seasonal variation. Shodhana Purvaka Shamana (Purificatory and Palliative) treatment
modalities of Ayurveda provide safe, effective treatment with long-lasting results and a better life for the patient.
In the present case, a 28-year-old female patient diagnosed with Psoriasis is treated with Virechanaa, followed by
Shamana Chikitsa.
MANAGEMENT OF UTERINE FIBROID (SAL‘An AL-RAHIM) IN THE UNANI MEDICINE PERSPECTIVE - A CASE STUDY
Authors: Salam Mahboobus , Sabir Bushra , Hashmi Iqra , Sehar Najmus , Akhtar Jamal
Published: January 2025

Uterine fibroids, historically known as "uterine stones," represent a prevalent gynaecological condition affecting a
significant proportion of women globally. This paper explores the Unani perspective on uterine fibroids, termed
as “Sal‘at”, within the context of "waram Balghamī ." Drawing from classical Unani texts and contemporary case
studies, it examines the etiology, classification, and treatment approaches proposed by eminent Unani scholars
such as Razi, Ali Ibn-e-Abbas Majusi, and Ibn-e-Sina. Utilising herbal formulations with anti-inflammatory and
astringent properties, Unani medicine aims to dissolve and expel abnormal phlegm, thereby alleviating symptoms
and reducing fibroid size. A case study involving a 35-year-old woman illustrates the successful application of
Unani treatment, resulting in significant symptomatic relief and fibroid resolution without surgical intervention.
This research underscores the potential of Unani medicine as a holistic and effective alternative for managing
uterine fibroids, advocating for its integration into modern healthcare practices.
ASSORTMENTS OF AYURVEDIC TREATMENT IN MIGRAINE: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Kumar Parveen , Singh Jagjeet , Kumar Lokesh
Published: January 2025

Case history: In September 2023, a 47-year-old male patient having migraine for the past 8 years came with complaints of unilateral headache, stretching, and throbbing pain for 8 years. He sometimes complained of nausea and
vertigo also. He was assessed for signs and symptoms like the severity of pain, duration of pain, frequency of attacks, and associated symptoms (Nausea, vomiting, photophobia, phonophobia, and vertigo). He was treated with
virechana karma, after virechana karma oral medicaments shirahshuladrivajra rasa, pathyadi Kvatha, and nasya
karma for the next two weeks.
Results: He got satisfactory relief in all the signs and symptoms. He got satisfactory relief from headaches, and
associated symptoms like nausea and vertigo were absent after treatment.