bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and Evaluation of Azelaic Acid-Loaded Microemulsion for Transfollicular Drug Delivery Through Guinea Pig Skin: A Mechanistic Study
Authors: Salimi Anayatollah , Sharif Makhmal Zadeh Behzad , Godazgari Salar , Rahdar Abbas
Published: February 2020

Purpose: Azelaic acid is a natural keratolytic, comedolytic, and antibacterial drug that is used to treat acne. The topical application of azelaic acid is associated with problems such as irritation and low permeability. For dissolving, the problem is that microemulsion (ME) is used as a drug carrier. The aim of this study was to increase the azelaic acid affinity in the follicular pathway through ME. Methods: Azelaic acid-loaded MEs were prepared by the water titration method. The properties of the MEs included formulation stability, particle size, drug release profile, thermal behavior of MEs, the diffusion coefficient of the MEs and skin permeability in the non-hairy ear skin and hairy abdominal skin of guinea pig were studied in situ. Results: The MEs demonstrated a mean droplet size between 5 to 150 nm. In the higher ratios of surfactant/co-surfactant, a more extensive ME zone was found. All MEs increased the azelaic acid flux through both hairy and non-hairy skin compared with an aqueous solution of azelaic acid as a control. This effect of the ME was mainly dependent on the droplet diffusion coefficient and hydrodynamic radius. MEs with a higher diffusion coefficient demonstrated higher azelaic acid flux through hairy and non-hairy skin. Drug flux through both skins was affected by the surfactant/co-surfactant ratio in that the higher ratio increased the azelaic acid affinity into the follicular pathway. Conclusion: Finally, the ME with the highest droplet diffusion coefficient and the lowest surfactant/co-surfactant ratio was the best ME for azelaic acid delivery into the follicular pathway.
Interleukin-6, -8, and TGF-β Secreted from Mesenchymal Stem Cells Show Functional Role in Reduction of Telomerase Activity of Leukemia Cell Via Wnt5a/β-Catenin and P53 Pathways
Authors: Fathi Ezzatollah , Valipour Behnaz , Sanaat Zohreh , Nozad Charoudeh Hojjatollah , Farahzadi Raheleh
Published: February 2020

Purpose: The effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on the immortality features of malignant cells, such as hematologic cancerous cells, are controversial, and the associated mechanisms are yet to be well understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate the in vitro effect of bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) on the chronic myeloid leukemia cell line K562 through telomere length measurements, telomerase activity assessments, and hTERT gene expression. The possible signaling pathways involved in this process, including Wnt-5a/β-catenin and P53, were also evaluated. Methods: Two cell populations (BMSCs and K562 cell line) were co-cultured on transwell plates for 7 days. Next, K562 cells were collected and subjected to quantitative real-time PCR, PCR-ELISA TRAP assay, and the ELISA sandwich technique for telomere length, hTERT gene expression, telomerase activity assay, and cytokine measurement, respectively. Also, the involvement of the mentioned signaling pathways in this process was reported by real-time PCR and Western blotting through gene and protein expression, respectively. Results: The results showed that BMSCs caused significant decreases in telomere length, telomerase activity, and the mRNA level of hTERT as a regulator of telomerase activity. The significant presence of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) was obvious in the co-cultured media. Also, BMSCs significantly decreased and increased the gene and protein expression of β-catenin and P53, respectively. Conclusion: It was concluded that the mentioned effects of IL-6, IL-8, and TGF-β cytokines secreted from MSCs on K562 cells as therapeutic agents were applied by Wnt-5a/β-catenin and P53 pathways
Structural and optical properties of tungsten doped TiO2 thin films fabricated by spray pyrolysis technique
Authors: V Tamilnayagam , Kumarasamy Keerthika , Devendhiran Tamiloli , K Mohanraj , L Ilavarasan
Published: February 2020

The pure and tungsten doped titanium oxide WxTi1-xO2 (x=0, 0.1) thin films have been successfully deposited on the glass substrate at 400 °C using spray pyrolysis technique. The structural properties of the prepared films were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). From the XRD spectrum, the sample shows the amorphous structure. Their surface morphology was probed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and the mechanical properties, topography and surface roughness of the grown films was investigated by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The functional group and optical characteristic of prepared films were analyzed by Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) spectroscopy and UV-Vis-double beam spectrometer.  The optical energy gap was determined by transmittance measurement.
Systematic Review on the Associations between Objectively Measured Breaks in Sitting Time and Cardiovascular Health in Youth
Authors: Sousa-Sa Eduarda , J McNeill , JR Pereira , Z Zhang , AD Okely , R Santos
Published: February 2020

The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the literature on the associations between breaks in sitting time and cardiovascular health, in children and adolescents. The search was conducted using five databases (MEDLINE, SCOPUS, WEB OF SCIENCE, PSYCINFO and CINAHL) through to 01 October 2019. Due to heterogeneity of the data, meta-analyses were not possible. We screened 2577 studies, and 15 studies were included, representing 9116 participants, from six different countries. Five observational studies and four experimental studies showed associations between breaks in sitting time and cardiovascular health, i.e. an increased number of breaks in sitting time was negatively associated with a cardiovascular health outcome. No associations between number of breaks in sitting time and cardiovascular health outcomes were found in the six remaining studies. Studies examining associations between breaks in sitting time and cardiovascular health in children have shown some favorable associations. More epidemiological evidence is required, to inform lifestyle interventions and public health policies, which could translate into long-term implications on population health.
A Novel Numerical Approach for Solving Convection-Diffusion Problem with Boundary Layer Behavior
Authors: ARSLAN Derya , ÇAKIR Musa , MASİHA Younis
Published: February 2020

This study deals with a new approach method for solving singularly perturbed boundary value problem of convection-diffusion type. Firstly, bounds on the solution and its derivative of solution to be used later in the article are obtained. This robust method is constructed with fitted difference scheme on a uniform mesh. It is proved that the presented method is first-order convergent with respect to the perturbation parameter ε in the discrete maximum norm. Two examples are given to illustrate the efficiency of the method. The numerical results are presented in tables and figures.
Electrical Performance Analysis of Thermoelectric Generating System with INC-MPPT Algorithm.
Authors: ELZALİK Mohamed , REZK Hegazy , MOSTAFA Ramadan , THOMAS Jean , SHEHATA Emad Gameil
Published: February 2020

Thermoelectric Generator (TEG) is a new trend in renewable energy issues that utilize heat energy to produce electricity from various waste energy sources. These sources are available from natural sources like geothermal and solar heat and recovering from many industrial processes. In this paper, the electrical performance of a TEG system has been analyzed when the Incremental Conductance - maximum power point tracker (INC-MPPT) control algorithm has been applied to maximize the energy conversion efficiency. The TEG system has been simulated, implemented and tested at different values of temperature difference. Simulation and experimental results show that, the proposed control algorithm can be operated at the maximum power point (MPP) of the TEG module at any operating condition with good accuracy and low fluctuation around this point. Also, the experimental results show that, the harvested power has been duplicated by more than six times by applying the INC-MPPT algorithm (11.9W) in comparing with connection without MPPT (1.9W) at the same resistive load (16Ω), the same applied temperature and the same operating conditions.
Synthesis and Characterization of Poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) Homopolymer at Room Temperature via Reversible Addition–Fragmentation Chain Transfer (RAFT) Polymerization Technique
Authors: YİLDİRİM Ertan
Published: February 2020

Synthesis and characterization of Poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) by RAFT technique at room temperature was first reported in this study. In this context, molecular weight, monomer conversion and semi-logarithmic kinetic curves of the RAFT polymerization, which is one of the controlled-living polymerization techniques, were determined by ATR-FTIR and NMR at certain time intervals. Linear change of molecular weight and monomer conversion with time, semi-logarithmic kinetic curve to the first degree kinetics of the synthesized PHEMA shows that the growth of polymer chains in a controlled manner. PHEMA polymers synthesized by RAFT technique at room temperature without the use of catalyst and metal types have the potential to be easily used in bio applications. It is also important for peptide and protein adsorption that this polymer has functional properties due to the carboxylic acid at the end of the RAFT agent.
Factores asociados al embalse de consulta externa en el servicio de terapia física y rehabilitación del Hospital Regional Lambayeque
Authors: Cabrera-Rivadeneyra Zoila Esther , Sánchez-Vélez Mesías Alberto
Published: February 2020

Objetivo: Identificar los factores asociados al embalse de consulta externa en el Servicio de Terapia Física y Rehabilitación del Hospital Regional Lambayeque 2018. Material y métodos: estudio de tipo Cuantitativa y cualitativo, diseño transversal analítico; se utilizó el programa Epidat 3.1, con población de 2214 y una muestra de 328 pacientes. Resultados: procedimiento de atención más usado fue terapia 50,6% y el menos usado consulta externa 49,4%, tiempo de espera para la consulta de 2-25 minutos 20,7% y más de 25 minutos 79,3%, tiempo en consulta de 2-25 minutos 52,4% y más de 25 minutos 47,6%, nivel de edad de los médicos es adulto mayor 2,74%, mediana edad 53,35 y joven 43,90%; trato médico bueno 99,7%, el nivel de los aspectos en las instalaciones en la sala de espera son: iluminación 53,7%, ventilación 51,2%, limpieza 47,0% y confort 47,9%, el 68% fueron mayores de 35 años y 58,2% fueron mujeres. Conclusiones: Los factores asociados al embalse de consulta externa fueron: demanda de pacientes, tiempo de espera para la consulta, tiempo de permanencia en consulta externa, nivel de edad de los médicos y trato del médico.
Efecto de la luz emitida por diodos (LED) sobre la viabilidad celular
Authors: Farro-Tello Jhon Elvis , Tello-Vera Stalin
Published: February 2020

Objetivo: Identificar el efecto del uso concomitante de cuatro longitudes de onda; rojo, 645-700nm; azul,439-440nm; amarillo, 586 nm, y verde 509-510nm, a 35,8mW y 62,81mW de potencia luminosa sobre la viabilidad celular a los 10, 20 y 30 minutos de exposición. Material y Métodos: Se diseñó una lámpara usando diodos emisores de luz, que tuvo un microcontrolador que permitió el control del tiempo y la potencia de la energía luminosa emitida hacia las células. Se separaron linfocitos de sangre periférica usando ficoll hypaque exponiéndolos luego a la luz por 10, 20 y 30 minutos y evaluando su viabilidad combinándolos con bromuro de etidio y naranja de acridina al finalizar cada tiempo para lo que se uso un microscopio de inmunofluorescencia Resultados: La viabilidad de los leucocitos después de su Irradiación por la lámpara de diodos emisores de luz a una potencia eléctrica de 1028,8 mW fue 93%,70% y 51% a los 10, 20 y 30 minutos, respectivamente, mientras que sus respectivos controles tuvieron 93%, 91% y 86%. La viabilidad de los Leucocitos después de su Irradiación por la lámpara de diodos emisores de luz a una potencia eléctrica de 1681.3mW fue 93%, 75% y 45% a los 10, 20 y 30 minutos, respectivamente, mientras que sus respectivos controles tuvieron 94%, 91% y 86%. Conclusiones: La exposición de las células a la luz emitida por diodos (LED), a las potencias elétricas de 1028.8mW y 1681.3mW generan reducción de su viabilidad después de los 10 minutos de irradiación comparados con sus respectivos controles.
Lipoma intraóseo de calcáneo: Reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Cardeña-Mamani Rakel , Mejía-Peláez Guillermo , Zavaleta-López Aarón , Flores-Alvarez Willys
Published: February 2020

Introducción: Los lipomas intraóseos son tumores óseos primarios descritos como raros o poco frecuentes que pueden presentarse de diferentes formas según el grado evolutivo, lo que hace que sea diagnosticado con dificultad al ser confundidos con otras lesiones como quistes o infartos óseos. Objetivo: reportar el caso como patología poco frecuente y realizar la revisión de la literatura. Reporte del caso: se presenta el caso de un varón de 29 años diagnosticado en el Hospital Nacional “Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo”–EsSalud–Chiclayo–Perú con un lipoma intraóseo ubicado en el calcáneo, de acuerdo con la evidencia obtenida en los estudios de imagen; posteriormente es tratado mediante curetaje e injerto óseo. Conjuntamente se realizó el estudio histopatológico que sostiene el diagnóstico realizado. Conclusión: el lipoma intraóseo es un tumor benigno poco frecuente, sin embargo, en el hueso calcáneo es donde más se presenta, son asintomáticos, el diagnóstico es incidental en la radiografia como lesión lítica, con calcificación central, que según la clínica puede ser tratado quirúrgicamente.
Can exercise make our children smarter?
Authors: Stojiljković Nenad , Mitić Petar , Sporiš Goran
Published: February 2020

Purpose. The aim of this study is to reveal the effects of exercise on the brain structure and function in children, and to analyze methodological approach applied in the researches of this topic.

Methods. This literature review provides an overview of important findings in this fast growing research domain. Results from cross-sectional, longitudinal, and interventional studies of the influence of exercise on the brain structure and function of healthy children are reviewed and discussed.

Results. The majority of researches are done as cross sectional studies based on the exploring correlation between the level of physical activity and characteristics of brain structure and function. Results of the studies indicate that exercise has positive correlation with improved cognition and beneficial changes to brain function in children. Physically active children have greater white matter integrity in several white matter tracts (corpus callosum, corona radiata, and superior longitudinal fasciculus), have greater volume of gray matter in the hippocampus and basal ganglia than their physically inactive counterparts. The longitudinal/interventional studies also showed that exercise (mainly aerobic) improve cognitive performance of children and causes changes observed on functional magnetic resonance imaging scans (fMRI) located in prefrontal and parietal regions.

Conclusion. Previous researches undoubtable proved that exercise can make positive changes of the brain structures in children, specifically the volume of the hippocampus which is the center of learning and memory. Finally the researchers agree that the most influential type of exercise on changes of brain structure and functions are the aerobic exercises.
Working Conditions and Occupational Morbidity at Mining and Metallurgical Enterprises
of the Murmansk Region
Authors: Syurin S.A. , Kovshov A.А.
Published: February 2020

Introduction. The mining and metallurgical industries form the basis of the economy of the Murmansk Region. Working conditions at industrial enterprises, combined with extreme climatic conditions of the Arctic, pose an increased risk of occupational diseases. The purpose of the study was to investigate working conditions and occupational disease rates among industrial workers of the Murmansk Region in 2007–2017. Materials and methods. We studies socio-hygienic monitoring data on working conditions and occupational diseases in the population of the Murmansk Region in 2007-2017 provided by the Federal Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare, Moscow. Results. In 2008-2017, the most common occupational risk factors in the Murmansk Region included noise (25.8%), job strain (17.8%), and chemical factor (12.6%) while 39.2% of workers were exposed to a combination of occupational hazards. Over 10 years, the absolute number of workers exposed to dangerous and hazardous industrial factors decreased by 1.8 times. In the Murmansk Region, 84.3% of occupational disease cases were registered among workers of mining and metallurgical enterprises. In 2007-2017, the region experienced a significant decrease in occupational disease incidence mainly related to job cuts. The role of other factors (improvement of working conditions, health promotion) needs to be clarified; yet, it is possible to predict their positive influence on occupational morbidity in the next few years. Conclusion. To achieve a substantial decrease in occupational disease incidence rates, it is essential to keep improving comprehensive measures aimed at preserving workers’ health in the Murmansk Region.
Main Trends in Formation of the General Neurological Disability among People Older than Working Age in Moscow
Authors: Samusenko A.G. , Zapariy N.S.
Published: February 2020

The article presents an analysis of the formation of general disability among persons older than working age due to diseases of the nervous system in Moscow. Introduction. Disability among the population – one of the most important medical and social problems – is an integral indicator. The purpose of the study is to study the patterns of the formation of general disability. Materials and methods. The study is solid for 2012–2018, using statistical forms of observation: form 7-sobes, statistical collections of THE Federal Security Service of the Russian Ministry of Labour. Research methods – excavation of information, descriptive statistics (absolute, extensive, intense indicators, series of dynamics, reliability assessment (average error). The results of the study. There has been an increase in the overall number of disabled people with a more pronounced growth rate in Moscow compared to the Central Federal District and the Russian Federation. The structure of general disability due to diseases of the nervous system was dominated by re-recognized persons with disabilities, but their share is lower than in the Central Federal District and the Russian Federation. The structure was dominated by disabled people in the third group with a tendency to increase their specific weight and disability, and there was a decrease in the proportion of disabled people in the I–II group and their levels. Conclusions. The total number of disabled persons among persons of older working age due to diseases of the nervous system in the dynamics of 2012–2018 has steadily increased, the growth rate was 18.6%, which is significantly higher than in the Central Federal District (4.1%) and the Russian Federation (8.2%). The structure was dominated by persons re-recognized as disabled, their share in the dynamics tended to increase, but the figure was lower than in the Central Federal District and the Russian Federation. The general population of persons with disabilities remained at 6,5 ± 0.11 cases per 10,000 of population of the appropriate age. The structure of general disability in severity was dominated by group III persons with disabilities, with a tendency to increase their specific weight and disability level. The proportion of persons with group I–II disabilities and their level tended to decrease
Main Activities for Epidemiologic Risk Management and Epidemiologic Surveillance
of Current Infectious Diseases in the Moscow Region during Preparation and Holding
of 2018 FIFA World Cup
Authors: Mikailova O.M. , Kostina M.A. , Drozd N.A.
Published: February 2020

Introduction. This article describes the issues of epidemiologic surveillance of actual infectious diseases in the Moscow Region during preparation and hosting of 2018 FIFA World Cup, as well as a set of measures taken by the Moscow Regional Rospotrebnadzor Office to minimize external and internal epidemiologic risks of infection outbreaks including sanitary and quarantine control at checkpoints across the state border of the Russian Federation at Domodedovo, Sheremetyevo, and Zhukovsky airports. The purpose of the study was to analyze the efficiency of work carried out to ensure sanitary and epidemiologic well-being of the local population, guests and participants of the mass international sports event. Materials and methods. The results of long-term observations of infectious diseases and epidemiological monitoring analyzed to identify potential risks. Results. We gained the experience in ensuring sanitary and epidemiological well-being by Rospotrebnadzor bodies during the preparation and holding of large-scale events, including those with international participation. Conclusions. During the preparation and holding of the World Cup, a systematic approach to ensuring sanitary and epidemiologic well-being was implemented. We organized epidemiologic surveillance for daily collection and analysis of epidemiologic data including the analysis of external and internal risks. The actions enabled us to prevent introduction of infections and prevent the formation of group foci of infectious diseases and emergency situations.
KARAKTERISTIK BEBAN TERMAL MESIN PENGKONDISIAN UDARA PADA RUANGAN PEMROSESAN BATERAI LITHIUM
Authors: Budihadi Agus , Soekardi Chandrasa
Published: February 2020

Karakteristik termal sirkulasi aliran udara dingin di dalam ruang pemrosesan baterai lithium pada sebuah industri yang berlokasi di Jakarta telah diteliti secara eksperimental. Mesin pengkondisian udara yang dipergunakan pada ruang tersebut sering beroperasi pada kondisi yang berbeda-beda, tanpa diketahui kondisi operasi mana yang paling optimal dalam hal konsumsi energinya. Serangkaian pengujian telah dilakukan dengan mengukur temperatur, kelembaban, dan laju aliran udara di dalam ruang pemrosesan baterai untuk memperoleh gambaran kondisi operasi yang terbaik. Hasil pengukuran dipergunakan untuk mengevaluasi beban termal pada mesin pengkondisian udara. Pengujian dilakukan pada tiga hari yang berbeda, masing-masing dengan kondisi operasi tertentu yang serupa dengan yangseperti yang biasa diterapkan sehari-hari pada mesin tersebut. Hasil rangkaian pengujian, dibandingkan dengan dua kondisi operasi lainnya yang menunjukkan bahwa mesin pengkondisian udara bekerja paling efisien sepanjang hari apabila dioperasikan pada kondisi di mana aliran udara suplai dari evaporator berada pada temperature 19 oC dan kelembaban 66 %, dengan kecepatan rata-rata 2 m/s. Konsumsi energinya paling tinggi terjadi apabila mesin dioperasikan pada kondisi di mana udara suplai temperaturnya 15 0 C dan kelembaban 53 %.
The analysis of energy-saving technologies used in buildings with low energy consumption
Authors: Pawłowski Krzystof
Published: February 2020

Designing, constructing and using of buildings with low energy consumption are a complex process requiring knowledge of architectural design, construction physics and building systems with the use of renewable energy sources (RES). The article presents the legal bases and characteristics of low-energy buildings. Implementation of the binding technical requirements in the field of hygrothermal characteristics consists of monitoring numerous parameters of an entire building, and in particular of its partitions and their joints and building systems. Therefore, the paper presents calculations regarding determining the material systems of building partitions and building joints with the use of professional software. The main part of the article is to establish the impact of energy-saving technologies on the energy consumption of the newly designed buildings, but also of the buildings that are undergoing modernisation processes.
МОДЕЛЬ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ КОМАНД УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ТЯГОЙ ДВИГАТЕЛЯ ЛЕТАТЕЛЬНОГО АППАРАТА И ОЦЕНКА ИХ ВЛИЯНИЯ НА ЕГО ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННОЕ ПОЛОЖЕНИЕ
Authors: Замыслов М.А. , Zamyslov M.A. , Мальцев А.М. , Maltsev A.M. , Мальцев М.А. , Maltsev M.A. , Михайленко С.Б. , Mikhaylenko S.B. , Штанькова Н.В. , Shtankova N.V.
Published: February 2020

В статье предлагается способ математического описания команд управления тягой двигателя с использованием рычага управления тягой летательного аппарата (ЛА). Приводится иллюстративный пример формирования таких команд и результаты их применения при математическом моделировании пространственного движения ЛА.
РЕАЛИЗАЦИЯ ИННОВАЦИОННЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ ПРИ ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕ ПРОДУКТОВ ОБЩЕСТВЕННОГО ПИТАНИЯ
Authors: А.В. Моргунова , Р.С. Омаров , И.С. Коротаев
Published: February 2020

В статье приведены результаты исследований возможности реализации инновационных подходов при производстве продукции общественного питания. Недостаточно изучены новые способы и приемы приготовления пищи, что требует дальнейших исследований в данной сфере. Наиболее перспективной для проведения научного исследования стала разработка новых технологий молекулярной кулинарии с точки зрения их безопасности. В работе были реализованы органолептические, экспериментальные, аналитические, расчетные, измерительные методы исследования. На базе инновационного проекта в Ставропольском крае функционирует экспериментальное производство, на котором выполняются инновационные проекты по созданию фруктовых и овощных блюд молекулярной кухни. При проведении исследований разрабатывались блюда молекулярной кухни в виде пены, называемые эспумами. Приготовление эспум можно отнести к методу, в основе которого лежит образование пен с жидкими веществами, где есть воздух. При их изготовлении используются в основном натуральные компоненты, поэтому блюда молекулярной кухни являются сбалансированными и полезными. Обычно для введения пузырьков газа в эспумы используют специальные сифоны или кремеры. В качестве пропеллента при изготовлении эспум в пищевой индустрии в основном применяются диазомонооксид и углекислый газ. Данные газы не представляют никакой опасности для потребителей, поскольку их концентрация в готовых блюдах очень мала. Конечным результатом научного эксперимента является разработка новых низкокалорийных блюд молекулярной кулинарии с максимальным сохранением полезных свойств продуктов – закуски «Морковь на баклажане», тыквенного супа-пены и десерта «Слоеная эспума». Органолептическая оценка разработанных образцов блюд свидетельствует, что исходные ингредиенты хорошо сочетаются между собой.
РАЗРАБОТКА НИЗКОТЕМПЕРАТУРНОЙ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ИЗВЛЕЧЕНИЯ БЕЛКА ИЗ ТВОРОЖНОЙ СЫВОРОТКИ
Authors: И.А. Короткий , Е.В. Короткая , Е.Н. Неверов , Д.Е. Федоров , А.А. Гущин
Published: February 2020

Молочная сыворотка является ценным вторичным сырьем молочной промышленности. Большая часть сыворотки сливается как отход производства, что наносит не только экономический, но и экологический ущерб. Поэтому разработка эффективных технологий переработки молочной сыворотки является актуальной задачей молочной промышленности. Цель – разработка технологии переработки молочной сыворотки с применением разделительного вымораживания для извлечения белка. Для проведения экспериментальных исследований использовался криоконцентратор емкостного типа, в котором вымораживание продукта осуществляется в цилиндрической емкости, от стенок которой отводится теплота за счет работы холодильной машины. Проводили опыты по разделительному вымораживанию молочной сыворотки при различной температуре теплообменной поверхности кристаллизатора. Установлено, что наибольшая скорость льдообразования наблюдается в первые минуты разделительного вымораживания и постепенно уменьшается с течением времени. Чем ниже скорость вымораживания, т.е. чем выше температура теплообменной поверхности, тем меньше потери сухих веществ и эффективнее осуществляется процесс криоконцентрирования. В процессе вымораживания сыворотки наблюдается выпадение белкового осадка на дне емкости. Данное явление было изучено и проведены дополнительные эксперименты по подбору наиболее благоприятных режимов. Установлено, что наибольшее количество белкового осадка наблюдается при температурном дифференциале 1,5 градуса и температуре теплообменной поверхности минус 2 °С. При таком режиме количество выделяемого белкового осадка составляет около 2,0–2,1 г/100 г. Разработана технология выделения белка из молочной сыворотки методом разделительного вымораживания. Извлеченный белок может использоваться при производстве различных пищевых продуктов: молочных, кондитерских, хлебобулочных и т.д.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ГЛОБУЛЯРНЫХ БЕЛКОВ НА ИНТЕНСИВНОСТЬ ЭКСТРАГИРОВАНИЯ АНТОЦИАНОВОГО ПИГМЕНТА ИЗ ЯГОДНОГО СЫРЬЯ
Authors: Н.Ю. Чеснокова , Л.В. Левочкина , А.А. Кузнецова , Л.В. Кушнаренко
Published: February 2020

Изучено влияние полимеров белковой природы – яичного альбумина и БСА (бычьего сывороточного альбумина) на интенсивность извлечения антоцианового пигмента жимолости и черной смородины. Установлено, что введение в систему яичного альбумина и БСА влияет на интенсивность извлечения антоцианового пигмента. Введение в раствор 0,1 % яичного альбумина или БСА позволяет наиболее интенсивно выделять антоциановый пигмент из ягодного сырья. Степень извлечения антоцианового пигмента из ягод жимолости и черной смородины в присутствии 0,1 % яичного альбумина увеличивается в 1,5 и 0,8 раза, в присутствии 0,1 % БСА повышается в 1,2 и 1,6 раза соответственно. Увеличение содержания белков в системе приводит к снижению интенсивности извлечения антоцианового пигмента. Степень извлечения антоцианового пигмента из ягод жимолости и черной смородины при содержании в растворе 4 % БСА уменьшается в 1,8 и 5 раз соответственно. Повышение количества яичного альбумина до 4 % приводит к помутнению раствора антоцианового пигмента. Установлена зависимость степени извлечения антоцианового пигмента от рН раствора, содержащего пигмент и белок. Показано, что максимальной степени извлечения соответствует наименьшее значение рН раствора. Значения рН раствора антоцианового пигмента жимолости и черной смородины в присутствии 1 % яичного альбумина составляет 3,66 и 3,46, в присутствии 1 % БСА – 3,90 и 3,46 соответственно. Увеличение содержания в растворе белка приводит к повышению его рН. Разработана технология приготовления зефира с добавлением комплекса «антоциановый пигмент – яичный альбумин». Наилучшими органолептическими показателями обладал зефир с добавлением комплекса, содержащего 6 % антоцианового пигмента и 2 % яичного альбумина. Кроме того, зефир с добавлением комплекса, содержащего 6 % антоцианового пигмента и 2 % яичного альбумина, имел пышную однородную консистенцию и хорошую формоустойчивость.
The Role of Pelvic Floor Muscles Exercises with Biofeedback as Adjuvant Treatment in Men with Erectile Dysfunction
Authors: Vianney Guido O , Haryadi Ratna D , Satyawati Rwahita , Sono Onny P
Published: February 2020

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of pelvic floor muscle exercise programs for men with erectile dysfunction problems.Methods: A randomized controlled group designed study. Sixteen men with erectile dysfunction who had undergone pharmacological treatment from the Andrology Clinic and were referred to thePhysical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department Dr. Soetomo Hospital were divided into 2 groups. The first group was treated with pelvic floor muscle exercises for 12 weeks, while the second groupacted as control. The parameters of this study were evaluated in weeks 4, 8 and 12. This consisted of an evaluation of pelvic floor muscle strength, which was performed by digital anal assessment, and pressurebiofeedback Myomed 932. The evaluation of erectile function was based on the IIEF-5 (International Index of Erectile Function – 5) questionnaire and the EHS (Erectile Hardness Score).Results: An increase in the maximum contraction of pelvic floor muscles was seen in the intervention group after 8 weeks of treatment (p=0.011). Six subjects in the intervention group (75%) gained anormal anal strength based on digital anal assessment at the end of study. The IIEF-5 score of the intervention group improved after 8 weeks of treatment (p=0.012). Threesubjects (37.5%) in the intervention group got a maximum hardness score and 4 subjects (50%) gained an improvement of the hardness score.Conclusion: Comparing of the results of the protocol reported here shows that pelvic floor muscle exercises improve erectile function in men with erectile dysfunction problems.Keywords: pelvic floor muscle exercises, biofeedback, erectile dysfunction
Reproduction of human potential of united territorial communities in Ukraine
Authors: Bil Maryana , Patytska Khrystyna
Published: February 2020

The paper defines the nature of human potential as a set of physiological, socio-psychological, intellectual-labor, social-stratification, ethno-cultural opportunities of a society, which can be used already in the near future and realized in an environment that ensures their development. The specificity of human potential reproduction reflecting one of its development phases with the consequences of the use of human resources, namely their accumulation, reproduction and improvement was disclosed. The components of human potential were identified (demographic, revealing the basic characteristics of population, including its number, birth and mortality rate, age structure; intellectual and labor, revealing the labor characteristics of the population and the possibilities of their realization, including the number of economically active, employed, self-employed residents, the number of migrants, the number of economic entities operating on the territory of the community; social and managerial, revealing community-based management practices and initiatives; socio-economic, enabling environment for business and employment). Indicators for the methodology for assessing the use of human potential in the context of isolated components were selected. The methodology of estimation on the example of united territorial communities in Ukraine with their grouping depending on the volume of own income per inhabitant and the level of subsidy was tested. United territorial communities as leaders and outsiders were identified by the calculation of the integral index of human development and its components. This made it possible to substantiate the opportunities of the united territorial communities to ensure the reproduction of human potential through the development of social infrastructure and reorientation of strategic planning towards development goals. The development goals were distributed by areas of effective use of mobilized finance, creating conditions for business and employment.
Punishment menurut Pemikiran Ibnu Shahnun dalam Pendidikan Modern
Authors: Nihayah Hamidatun , Habibullah M. Romadlon
Published: February 2020

Education is part of the process to achieve a goal that is aspired to, namely by making people as beings who have morality and excellence in science. In the process of achieving educational goals there are several learning methods applied in formal, non-formal and informal education including reward and punishment Punishment or punishment in education is one of the ways given to those who violate and must contain educational meaning. With the hope that punishment will be given, students will no longer violate existing rules or norms and be able to make them deter and become better. According to Ibnu Sahnun punishment or punishment given or applied by educators to students must be in accordance with the portion and the terms of the provisions that are positive and educational in purpose. Even asserting very strongly is a big mistake if educators in giving a sentence are based on anger or anger. So what arises is not compassion, but vice versa.
Buku Pendamping untuk Pendidik PAUD dalam Mengenalkan Kearifan Lokal Bojonegoro
Authors: Labiba Kusna Siti
Published: February 2020

Anak usia dini berada pada masa golden age, pada masa ini potensi yang dimiliki anak hendaknya dioptimalkan, salah satu upaya untuk mengoptimalkan potensi anak melalui Pembelajaran di lembaga Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (PAUD). Pembelajaran menggunakan pendekatan tematik dengan memperhatikan unsur kedekatan, kesederhanaan, kemenarikan, daya dukung, dan keinsidentalan. Tema yang paling dekat dimulai dari diri sendiri, setelah itu lingkungan. Lingkungan keluarga, lingkungan sekolah, dan lingkungan masyarakat. Agar anak mengenali lingkungannya maka dapat ditambahkan subtema kearifan lokal disekitar anak. Anak memiliki beragam potensi dengan keunikannya masing-masing siap distimulasi oleh pendidik. Pendidik hendaknya juga siap menjadi fasilitator bagi anak, salah satunya dengan melaksanakan perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi pembelajaran. Guru dibekali buku pedoman yang telah diterbitkan oleh pemerintah, tetapi belum ada buku pendamping yang secara spesifik menjabarkan tentang kearifan lokal daerah masing-masing. Maka lembaga dapat menambahkan subtema kearifan lokal khususnya topik Salak Wedi sebagai salah satu kearifan lokal Bojonegoro, dan guru mendapatkan buku pendamping mengenai Salak Wedi sebagai potensi kearifan lokal Bojonegoro.
Train Station Noise Level Analysis (Case Study at Madiun and Yogyakarta Stations)
Authors: Istiantara Dedik Tri
Published: February 2020

Noise control must be carried out as to reduce the noise level to the level specified according to the standard for a particular environment, for example a train station. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of noise intensity with work stress levels to employees at PT Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero), to measure noise intensity at Madiun Station and Yogyakarta, and to analyze work stress levels. experienced by employees. The results show that the noise value has exceeded the threshold value (NAV) determined by Kep-51 / MEN / 1999 and OSHA Standards, which is 85 dBA at 8 hours / day working hours which is in the range of 86.21 - 96.35 dBA , this noise level was received by 34 employees or 54.9%, while employees who were not exposed to noise under NAV were 26 people or 45.1%. The results also showed that the noise intensity at Yogyakarta Station was higher than at Madiun Station.
Analysis of Railway Travel Safety Perceptions of Machinist Work Stress in Yogyakarta Tugu Station
Authors: Damayanti Ajeng Tyas
Published: February 2020

The availability of qualified human resources will affect the safety of rail travel. Guaranteed safety of this trip materialized from the minimum number of train accidents that occurred. In identifying the causes of train accidents, the human error factor is largely the main cause. This is what causes human resources to become an important concern in the operation of trains. Data were collected by using questionnaires consisting of perception questionnaire on railway safety and work stress. Interviews were used to complete the questionnaire results. Data analysis was done by regression analysis to know the influence of safety perception to work stress. The results showed that 77% of the respondents had low safety perception, while the other 23% had high perception of safety. As many as 70% of machinists have high work stress, while 30% have low work stress. Safety perception proved to be related to work stress experienced by machinist. This is indicated by a variable of -, 338 which states that the relationship between perception of safety proved to have a relationship with job stress of 0.338 with a negative relationship. This relationship analysis is evidenced by Pearson Correlation. Regression analysis obtained correlation coefficient of 0.114 which states that 11.4% work stress is influenced by the perception of safety
Analysis of the examination and maintenance of the Jakarta MRT Tunnel Wall
Authors: Astuti Septiana Widi , Atmaja Dadang Sanjaya , Waskito Ario
Published: February 2020

Tunnel construction in the Jakarta MRT (MRTJ) is a concrete tunnel that was built using the Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) drill machine. Tunnel walls in underground construction use pre-cast (segment) concrete materials arranged in a circle directly into one ring segment by TBM. Tunnel checks are needed to be the basis of diagnosis in tunnel care. Tunnel maintenance is carried out to maintain the condition of the tunnel to function properly and safely to be operated in a sustainable manner in accordance with the predicted load, including: the burden of soil or overburden, dead load and live load, load due to water pressure, earthquake load, and other loads that will affect tunnel construction. The results of the study that damage to the tunnel wall can be classified as leaks and cracks. Examination of components in the MRTJ tunnel wall by paying attention to the detail part of the wall in the form of segment bolts, connections between segments, concrete structures in segments. As for the maintenance carried out to repair and prevent tunnel wall leaks, it can be done by grouting polyurethane liquids and replacing rubber sealing on the bolts, for treatment due to cracks can be done by grouting liquid microscopy and plastering.
Design of Automatic Detection System for Railway Facility Maintenance
Authors: Rachman Natriya Faisal , Darmawan Arief
Published: February 2020

The use of android now not only acts as a means of communication for the community, but also very active role in the dissemination of information quickly and easily. With the current situation which is very practical, in this study, the design of a motorcycle safety history database was designed using android-based QRcode method. Because previously the executor still used the check list sheet, with the design of the Android-based barcode method, the executor did not need to see the data in the archive or add data through the check list sheet. The design of the andoid-based money order motor maintenance database was made in three stages, namely the creation of a database using Firebase. Making android as an interface using Android Studio and making code scanning with QRcode. Data displayed in real time, i.e. data can update data by other devices automatically so that data can be recorded and stored. Data can be opened on more than two devices that have an application installed, provided that the device must scan the QRcode. From the results of testing of the database design that has been made, it can be concluded that the android-based database system can speed up the process of data retrieval compared to taking attendance manually which is the archive of maintenance results. This system can only be used if the device used is on an internet network connection.
Analysis of Electric Railroad Trips on the Manggarai - Bogor Line
Authors: Jamaludin Jamaludin , Sadili Rachmat
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this study was to analyze the causes of passenger buildup at the station on the Manggarai - Bogor station. To overcome the buildup of passengers at the station the action that must be taken is to analyze the Headway, cross capacity, the number of trips at this time. The data collected is in the form of the latest number of passengers, the latest number of trips, the latest electric railroad stamformation data. The analysis shows that the current capacity of the electric rail train can only accommodate 455,904 passengers, while the daily passenger volume reaches 460,448 passengers, a difference of 4,544 passengers is found. At present the total electric train travel on the Manggarai - Bogor crossing is 321 Ka / day with a maximum crossing capacity of 403 trains / day. To overcome the problem of accumulation of passengers at the station by adding 2 trips stamformasi electric railroad on the Manggarai - Bogor crossing, looking at the maximum cross capacity in the Manggarai - Bogor crossing, which is 403 trains / day, is still capable of additional trips. The Manggarai - Bogor crossing still uses stamformasi 8, stamformasi 10, stamformasi 12, if it follows the current growth of electric railroad users for stamformasi 8 and stamformasi 10 it cannot cope with the very high number of passengers resulting in passenger transportation exceeding the railroad user comfort standards. electricity. It is recommended to change the information system that operates on Manggarai - Bogor crossroad using 12 information system entirely in order to overcome the problem of passenger buildup at the station
The stability of the Corrugated Concrete Sheet Pile (CCSP) of the Soil Retaining Wall at the Abutmen Bridge Bh 1751 in Lok Ulo District, Kebumen
Authors: Astuti Septiana Widi , Prativi Ayu
Published: February 2020

Abutment bridge is a building under the bridge located on both sides of the bridge end. The process of building a bridge abutment often requires excavation to the depth of the abutment base so that the abutment reinforcement and casting work can be carried out. In deep excavation work, each side of the excavation needs to be installed in a flexible retaining wall type (plaster) first. In this study, CCSP stability analysis was carried out on earth excavation work for abutment bridge BH 1751. The calculation method starts from determining the lateral earth pressure acting on the soil, then determining the depth of CCSP planting that is able to produce CCSP stability on the rolling force. The analysis shows that the depth of CCSP planting that meets the safety requirements of the rolling force is 20 m
Perhitungan Efektivitas Gardu Traksi Krl Lintas Manggarai - Bogor
Authors: P. Mariana Diah , Putra Feby Wiratama
Published: February 2020

Kereta Rel Listrik PT Kereta Commuter Indonesia (KCI) merupakan sarana transportasi yang mengangkut penumpang di Jabodetabek. Pada lintas Bogor–Manggarai disuplai beberapa Gardu Traksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana kemampuan kapasitas daya gardu pada lintas bogor – manggarai terhadap pembebanan pola operasi KRL saat ini serta bagaimana kemampuan kapasitas daya dukung gardu terhadap peningkatan pembebanan pola operasi KRL pada peak hour. Untuk itu data primer maupun sekunder dianalisa dengan rumus perhitungan. Diantaranya: berat total KRL, kapasitas daya gardu traksi pada lintas manggarai–bogor, kapasitas daya berdasarkan headway, kapasitas daya berdasarkan arus maksimum, kapasitas yang dibutuhkan, dan kapasitas lintas yang digunakan pada jalur ganda. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kapasitas daya listrik lintas Manggarai–Bogor pada kondisi headway normal 4 menit sesuai GAPEKA tahun 2017 dapat dipenuhi oleh Gardu Traksi Bojonggede. Serta pada kondisi peak hours Gardu Traksi Bojonggede dapat mendukung dengan headway 3,75 menit dan dapat diperkecil menjadi 3 hingga 2 menit.
Kajian Umur Jalan Rel Berdasarkan Keausan dengan Metode dari AREA dan Perjana
Authors: Adi Wahyu Tamtomo
Published: February 2020

Penentuan usia layan rel merupakan hal yang penting untuk dilakukan untuk menghindari terjadinya kerusakan rel yang fatal. Estimasi usia layan komponen rel dapat ditinjau berdasarkan faktor keausan. Tulisan ini mencoba menghitung dan membandingkan usia layan rel berdasarkan rumus perhitungan keausan rel dengan metode AREMA yang menggunakan formula empiris dari Hay dan menggunakan metode PT KAI. Hasil menunjukkan nilai yang bervariasi untuk berbagai koridor yang ada pada lintas wilayah operasi Madiun, sesuai dengan spesifikasi jalan rel, beban lintas, dan geometri jalan rel. Namun demikian, perbandingan terhadap kondisi eksisting jalan rel belum bisa dilakukan karena adanya keterbatasan data hasil pengujian terhadap jalan rel yang dioperasikan.