bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Problems concerning sharp coefficient functionals of bounded turning functions
Authors: Khan Muhammmad Ghaffar , Mashwani Wali Khan , Ro Jong-Suk , Ahmad Bakhtiar
Published: September 2023

The work presented in this article has been motivated by the recent research going on the Hankel determinant bounds and their related consequences, as well as the techniques used previously by many different authors. We aim to establish a new subfamily of holomorphic functions connected with the hyperbolic tangent function with bounded boundary rotation. We investigate the sharp estimate of the third Hankel determinant for this newly defined family of functions. Moreover, for the defined functions family, the Krushkal inequality, the first four initial sharp bounds of the logarithmic coefficients and the sharp second Hankel determinant of the logarithmic coefficients are given.
Multi-task learning for aspect level semantic classification combining complex aspect target semantic enhancement and adaptive local focus
Authors: Zhu Quan , Wang Xiaoyin , Liu Xuan , Du Wanru , Ding Xingxing
Published: September 2023

Aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA) is a fine-grained and diverse task in natural language processing. Existing deep learning models for ABSA face the challenge of balancing the demand for finer granularity in sentiment analysis with the scarcity of training corpora for such granularity. To address this issue, we propose an enhanced BERT-based model for multi-dimensional aspect target semantic learning. Our model leverages BERT's pre-training and fine-tuning mechanisms, enabling it to capture rich semantic feature parameters. In addition, we propose a complex semantic enhancement mechanism for aspect targets to enrich and optimize fine-grained training corpora. Third, we combine the aspect recognition enhancement mechanism with a CRF model to achieve more robust and accurate entity recognition for aspect targets. Furthermore, we propose an adaptive local attention mechanism learning model to focus on sentiment elements around rich aspect target semantics. Finally, to address the varying contributions of each task in the joint training mechanism, we carefully optimize this training approach, allowing for a mutually beneficial training of multiple tasks. Experimental results on four Chinese and five English datasets demonstrate that our proposed mechanisms and methods effectively improve ABSA models, surpassing some of the latest models in multi-task and single-task scenarios.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF LUNGS CHEST X-RAY IMAGE FUSION WITH ITS WAVELET SCATTERING TRANSFORM COEFFICIENTS ON THE CONVENTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK CLASSIFIER ACCURACY DURING THE COVID-19 DISEASE
Authors: Arvanaghi Roghayyeh , Meshgini Saeed
Published: September 2023

Background and Objective: Regarding the Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in past years and using medical images to detect it, the image processing of the lungs and enhancement of its quality are some of the challenges in the medical image processing field. As it sounds from previous studies, the lung image processing has been raised in the other lung diseases such as lung cancer, too. Thus, the accurate classifying between normal lung image and abnormal is a challenge to aid physicians.

Methods: In this paper, we have proposed an image fusion technique to increase the accuracy of classifier. In this technique, some signal preprocessing tools like discrete wavelet transform (DWT), wavelet scattering transform (WST), and image fusion by using DWT are employed to enhance ordinary convolutional neural network (CNN) classifier accuracy.

Results: Unlike other studies, in this paper, different aspects of an image are fused with itself to emphasize its information which may be neglected in a total assessment of the image. We have achieved 89.8% accuracy for very simple structure of CNN classifier without using proposed fusion, and when we used proposed methods, the classifier accuracy increased to 91.8%.

Conclusions: This study reveals using efficient preprocessing and presenting input images which lead to decrease the complications of deep learning classifier, and increase its accuracy overall.
Bi-Model Engagement Emotion Recognition Based on Facial and Upper-Body Landmarks and Machine Learning Approaches
Authors: Alhasson Haifa F. , Alsaheel Ghada M. , Alharbi Noura S. , Alsalamah Alhatoon A. , Alhujilan Joud M. , Alharbi Shuaa S.
Published: September 2023

Customer satisfaction can be measured using facial expression recognition. The current generation of artificial intelligence systems heavily depends on facial features such as eyebrows, eyes, and foreheads. This dependence introduces a limitation as people generally prefer to conceal their genuine emotions. As body gestures are difficult to conceal and can convey a more detailed and accurate emotional state, the authors incorporate upper-body gestures as an additional feature that improves the predicted emotion's accuracy. This work uses an ensemble machine-learning model that integrates support vector machines, random forest classifiers, and logistic regression classifiers. The proposed method detects emotions from facial expressions and upper-body movements and is experimentally evaluated and has been found to be effective, with an accuracy rate of 97% on the EMOTIC dataset and 99% accuracy on MELD dataset.
Artificial Intelligence Method for Accurate Translation of Fuzzy Semantics in English Language and Literature
Authors: Sun Ying
Published: September 2023

In order to address the drawbacks of semantic ambiguity, inaccurate quantifiers, and low translation accuracy in traditional grammar-based translation methods, this paper proposes an artificial intelligence translation method based on semantic analysis for English fuzzy semantics. Firstly, a comprehensive analysis of English language semantics was carried out from different semantic levels such as language, knowledge, and pragmatics, and the key points of fuzzy semantics were identified. Then, key feature quantities for accurate translation of fuzzy semantics in English vocabulary and literature were constructed, and artificial intelligence methods were used to optimize fuzzy semantics. The experimental results show that the proposed method can avoid semantic understanding ambiguity and improve the accuracy of English language translation.
Application of a Short Video Caption Generation Algorithm in International Chinese Education and Teaching
Authors: Dai Qianhui
Published: September 2023

With the continuous development of speech recognition technology, automatic subtitle generation has gradually attracted people's attention. However, the level of short videos is uneven, and cultural teaching is also one-sided, irregular, and lacking systematicness. Since the media era, it is possible to apply the short video subtitle generation algorithm to international Chinese education and teaching. However, Chinese teachers should pay attention to some possible problems in self-media videos and adopt appropriate teaching strategies. This paper mainly discusses the development of international Chinese education and teaching under the new media environment, and discusses the characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of international Chinese education and teaching under the new media environment, as well as the existing problems. Short video subtitle generation algorithm provides a new way for international Chinese education and teaching, enhances the vitality of education, and expands educational channels.
Teoria do discurso e a produção do conhecimento em gestão escolar democrática
Authors: Abdian Graziela Zambão , Nascimento Paulo Henrique Costa , Carvalho Thamiris Slanzon de , Casagrande Natália , Carvalho Mônica Gomes de
Published: September 2023

Nosso objetivo é analisar como a Teoria do Discurso pode se constituir potente referencial teórico-metodológico para os pesquisadores em gestão escolar democrática que têm a escola como campo empírico. Para isso, expomos o contexto histórico das pesquisas em administração/gestão educacional e a construção das pesquisas que focalizam a escola, identificando os elementos que indicam um modo predominante nessa subárea da Educação; explicitamos o embasamento epistemológico da Teoria do Discurso, o qual pode fazer operar novas ferramentas analíticas; identificamos e analisamos publicações dessa subárea que trabalham com a Teoria do Discurso e finalizamos abordando suas contribuições para o estabelecimento de novas relações entre o pesquisador e a escola, de sorte a possibilitar avanço do conhecimento.
Multi Objective Parametric Optimization of Ultrasonic Vibration Assisted Turning on TI6AL4V Alloy
Authors: Pasam Vamsi Krishna , Kartheek Gamidi , Rankireddy Suryachandra , Dumpala Lingaraju
Published: September 2023

The industrial and engineering applications of Titanium alloys has increased in the recent times particularly in automobile and aerospace industries. Ultrasonic machining of titanium alloys is one of the developments in the recent times to counter the poor machinability characteristics of Ti alloys. In this work, ultrasonic vibration assisted turning is adopted in machining Ti6AL4V with cutting speed, feed rate, depth of cut and amplitude as process parameters. Cutting force, cutting temperature and surface roughness are considered as performance evaluators. The role of each process parameter on each of the responses is evaluated and the optimum parametric combination for multi objective optimization is determined using Grey Relational Analysis. The results are interpreted with respect to tool work contact ratio. It was concluded from the experimental analysis that cutting force, cutting temperature and surface roughness depend on the TWCR which in turn depends on cutting speed and amplitude of vibration. Low TWCR revealed better performance whereas the effect of ultrasonic vibration is found to be reduced with increment in TWCR. In addition, feed rate and depth of cut are found to be significant in effecting the multi response characteristic (GRG).
A Preliminary Geometrical Characterization of Surface Scratches on Aluminium Alloys Used in the Aerospace Industry
Authors: Domínguez-Domínguez Guzman , Mas Fernando , Vallellano Carpoforo
Published: September 2023

Surface marks, such as scratches or cosmetic marks, commonly appear during the manufacturing phase of metallic components, because of the contact between tools and sharp edges with the surface of the parts. Scratches, depending on their width, depth, and root radius, cause a decrease in the fatigue life of metallic alloys. In particular, the presence of scratches with a size comparable to the grain size favors the generation of fatigue cracks in these features. In the aerospace industry, the presence of surface marks is a common cause of rejection. The low hardness of aluminium, a material widely employed in the manufacture of aerospace structures, contributes to the generation of surface marks. In this paper, a preliminary geometrical characterisation of scratches is established. It aims to define a set of parameters to characterise exhaustively the different scratches and to generate different behavior models for each type of scratch. Parameters such as scratch length, path radius, and burr height are considered in addition to the well-known parameters such as scratch depth, root radius, and open angle.
Physical and Luminescence Properties of Europium Ions Doped Barium Tellurite Glass
Authors: Qureshi Shabnam , Bhardwaj Purvee , Ansari Ghizal F.
Published: September 2023

Barium tellurite (Ba-Te) base glass with and without europium ions have been synthesized by customary melting and quenching method. XRD is done for the verification of the nature of prepared specimens. DSC of the samples was done to determine the glass transition temperature. Density (ρ) of specimens was calculated by Archimedes’s principle. Other physical parameters as oxygen packing density (OPD), Europium ion concentration (CL) in the specimen, molar volume (Vm), intermolecular distance Ri, Polaron radius Rp, europium ion concentration and Molar index of refraction Rm, were computed. In order to study the optical characteristics of the specimens, for instance, coefficient of absorption, forbidden energy gap (Eg), refractive index, and Urbach Energy (E), UV-visible absorption characterizations of Ba-Te glasses was performed in the range of 340-1000 nm. PL characterization has performed for photoluminescence study.
Effect of Cement Substitution by both Perlite and Pozzolan Powders on the Mechanical Behavior and Water Absorption of Pozzolanic Mortar
Authors: Brahimi Sihem , Hamadache Miloud , Gouillieux Adeline , Dheilly Rose Marie
Published: September 2023

This paper studies the effect of both perlite and pozzolan powders as cement substituents. First, it addresses the mechanical properties of pozzolanic mortar in the short term, i.e., with a schedule of 7, 14 and 28 days. Next, in order to extend the analysis related to the porosity of the designed mortars, the water absorption is studied. The provided results indicated that the compressive strengths of the pozzolanic mortars were lower than those of the reference mortar. However, among the tested pozzolanic mortars, those containing 10% of perlite displayed superior strengths. Additionally, while the water absorption values for pozzolanic mortars were higher than those of the reference mortar, the inclusion of 10% of perlite in the mortar resulted in lower water absorption compared to the other pozzolanic mortars.
3D-Simulation of Heat Flow in Indexable Drilling
Authors: Andersson Tobias , Svensson Daniel , Lassila Andreas Andersson , Trujillo Vilches Francisco Javier , Gamboa Carolina
Published: September 2023

In machining, the heat flow into the workpiece during the cutting process is often a major concern. The temperature rise can lead to substantial residual stresses or elastic in-process deformations which may result in the dimensional tolerance requirements being violated. In the present study a modelling strategy is developed for determination of the heat load during indexable drilling. The heat load on the workpiece is determined from 3D thermomechanical Coupled Eulerian Lagrangian analyses of orthogonal turning for various chip thicknesses and cutting speeds. The determined heat load is then transferred to a 3D transient heat transfer analysis of the indexable drilling process for the determination of the temperature field. Thereby, this modelling technique avoids the complex cutting process that is performed in real cutting simulations and thereby reducing the computational complexity of the problem considerably. The simulated temperatures are compared with experimentally measured temperatures and some conclusions are drawn regarding the modelling approach.
Designing and implementation of a T-ARMS-PCR assay to genotype genetic variants associated with retinoblastoma in a cohort of Sri Lankan population
Authors: Shathushika A. , Wetthasinghe T. K. , Dissanayake M. M. , Irugalbandara D.
Published: September 2023

Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common intraocular malignancy, characterized by high mortality if not detected early and treated promptly. The rare childhood malignancy retinoblastoma serves one of the most important models in modern cancer genetics. Since the study of its familial and sporadic occurrence has led to the identification of the first tumor suppressor gene RB1. Mutations screening is important for risk assessment in future siblings and offspring of RB patients.The aim of this study was to design and implement a novel genetic assay to identify genetic variants associated with retinoblastoma in a cohort of Sri Lankan patients.Materials and methods: A prospective descriptive study was carried out with 59 patients referred to the Eye Unit of the Lady Ridgeway Hospital. Genomic DNA of 59 patients were genotyped using primers designed for Tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system PCR (T-ARMS-PCR).Results: The median age at diagnosis was 2 years and 7 months. Female to male ratio was 3:2. Out of which, 63% had unilateral retinoblastoma and 36% had bilateral retinoblastoma. Family history of RB was seen in 6.78% patients. Most cases were advanced group D at presentation. As the final result, all patients tested homozygous for the ancestral allele for both rs587776789 and rs121913305 variants of the RB1 gene.Discussion and conclusion: The discovery of germ-line mutations in unilateral patients is valuable since they can be segregated based on their mutational status and this would impact the genetic counselling given to them as they age. In conclusion, this assay can be introduced as a sensitive, specific and simple diagnostic technique for screening related genetic variants for retinoblastoma in the Sri Lankan population.
Lipoid pneumonia with neuroendocrine tumorlet: a case report
Authors: Pezzuto Aldo , Carico Elisabetta , Pacini Alessia
Published: September 2023

Lipoid pneumonia is a rare disease. Herein we report an extremely rare case of lipoid pneumonia associated with a pulmonary tumorlet, located in the right lung which occurred in an 80-year-old man without any other organ involvement. The patient benefited from lung surgery and at a subsequent follow-up he had no consequences from surgery.
Micro-computed tomography analysis of mineral attachment to the implants augmented by three types of bone grafts: An experimental study in dogs
Authors: Gholami Mahdi , Ahrari Farzaneh , Sedigh Hamideh Salari , Bourauel Christoph
Published: September 2023

Background:

This study compared the effect of various grafting materials on the area and volume of minerals attached to dental implants.

Materials and Methods:

In this animal study, 13 dogs were divided into three groups according to the time of sacrificing (2 months, 4 months, or 6 months). The implants were placed in oversized osteotomies, and the residual defects were filled with autograft, bovine bone graft (Cerabone), or a synthetic substitute (Osteon II). At the designated intervals, the dogs were sacrificed and the segmented implants underwent micro-computed tomography analysis. The bone-implant area (BIA) and bone-implant volume (BIV) of bone and graft material were calculated in the region of interest around the implant. The data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) at P < 0.05.

Results:

There was no significant difference in BIA and BIV between the healing intervals for any of the grafting materials (P > 0.05). ANOVA exhibited comparable BIA and BIV between the grafting materials at 2 and 4 months after surgery (P > 0.05), although a significant difference was observed after 6 months (P < 0.05). Pairwise comparisons revealed that BIA was significantly greater in the autograft-stabilized than the synthetic-grafted sites (P = 0.035). The samples augmented with autograft also showed significantly higher BIV than those treated by the xenogenic (P = 0.017) or synthetic (P = 0.002) particles.

Conclusion:

All graft materials showed comparable performance in providing mineral support for implants up to 4 months after surgery. At the long-term (6-month) interval, autogenous bone demonstrated significant superiority over xenogenic and synthetic substitutes concerning the bone area and volume around the implant.
Recent advances on pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention, immunological aspects, and vectors of dengue: A review
Authors: Sahu Mahesh Chandra , Samantaray Rakesh Kumar , Pal Aditi , Pati Sanghamitra
Published: September 2023

Dengue is a vector-borne disease caused by the dengue virus (DENV) of family Flaviviridae. Dengue fever is common in both developed and developing countries. Globally, approximately 400 million cases of dengue fever are reported annually, resulting in approximately 22000 fatalities. Dengue cases in India have progressively increased in the last decade. In recent years, substantial progress has been made in understanding various aspects of dengue, including its pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention strategies, immunological responses, and the role of vectors in its transmission. The transmission of a positive RNA virus occurs throughAedesmosquitoes, specificallyAedes aegyptiandAedes albopictus. This virus is associated with a wide spectrum of symptoms, ranging from mild undifferentiated fever to severe hemorrhagic fever and shock, posing a potential threat to human health. There are 4 types of antigenically distinct dengue serotypes (DENV-1 to DENV-4) and among them, DENV-2 is more lethal and extremely severe. To overcome the severity of dengue, Dengvaxia is administered to children 9 to 16 years old with evidence of previous dengue infection. The diagnosis of dengue is carried out by ELISA-based non-structural protein (NS1) and immunoglobulin tests. However, there are no specific biomarkers to identify severe disease progression. Climatic factors and temperature play an important role in complex interaction among host, vector, and virus to manifest the severity of dengue. There is a need for the refinement of climate-based disease forecasting models in India to effectively control the spread of dengue. The mosquito repellent should be used periodically to kill or repel theAedesmosquito to prevent the spread of dengue in humans.
Hydroxysafflor yellow A protects against thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis in rats via suppressing proinflammatory/fibrogenic mediators and promoting hepatic stellate cell senescence and apoptosis
Authors: Seif el-Din Sayed H. , Hammam Olfat A. , Ezzat Shahira M. , Saleh Samira , Safar Marwa M. , El-Maadawy Walaa H. , El-Lakkany Naglaa M.
Published: September 2023

Objective:

To evaluate the effect of hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) on thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis.

Methods:

Thioacetamide was administered to rats intraperitoneally in doses of 200 mg/kg twice a week for 12 weeks. Thioacetamide-intoxicated rats were given silymarin (50 mg/kg) or HSYA (5 mg/kg) orally every day for 8 weeks. Liver enzymes, fibrosis markers, histological changes as well as immunohistochemistry of TNF-α, IL-6, p21, α-SMA, and caspase-3 were examined. The effect of HSYA on HSC-T6 activation/proliferation and apoptosis was also determined in vitro.

Results:

HSYA decreased liver enzymes, TNF-α, IL-6, and p21 expressions, hepatic PDGF-B, TIMP-1, TGF-β1, and hydroxyproline levels, as well as fibrosis score (S2 vs. S4) compared to the thioacetamide group. HSYA also downregulated α-SMA while increasing caspase-3 expression. Surprisingly, at 500 μg/mL, HSYA had only a slightly suppressive effect on HSC proliferation, with a 9.5% reduction. However, it significantly reduced TGF-β1, inhibited α-SMA expression, induced caspase-3 expression, and promoted cell senescence.

Conclusions:

HSYA may be a potential therapeutic agent for delaying and reversing the progression of liver fibrosis. More research on HSYA at higher doses and for a longer period is warranted.
Plant-derived natural compounds in the treatment of arsenic-induced toxicity
Authors: Bhattacharya Sanjib
Published: September 2023

Arsenic toxicity, imposed mainly by arsenic-contaminated groundwater, is considered a critical threat to global communal health, as there is no specific and proven conventional therapy for chronic arsenic toxicity, i.e., arsenicosis, which is an insidious global public health menace affecting 50 countries. Alternative options should, therefore, be explored for the mitigation of arsenicosis. Literature survey reveals several natural compounds from plants possess significant protective efficacy against arsenic toxicity in chiefly preclinical and few clinical investigations. The studies on the ameliorative effects of plant-derived natural compounds against arsenic toxicity published in the last 25 years are collated. Forty-eight plant-based natural compounds possess alleviative effects on experimental arsenic-induced toxicity in animals, six of which have been reported to be clinically effective in humans. A potential nutraceutical or therapeutic candidate against arsenicosis for humans may thus be developed with the help of recent advancements in research in this area, along with the currently available treatments.
Beta-glucan protects against isoproterenol-induced cardiac remodeling by regulating the ACE-AT1R axis and attenuates cardiac inflammation and apoptosis
Authors: Roy Anitha , Neelakantappa Vasantha Mallenahalli , Ganesan Jayashree , Ramajayam Asokan Balakrishnan , Kulandaivel Srinivasan , Uddandrao V. V. Sathibabu , Singaravel Sengottuvelu
Published: September 2023

Objective:

To investigate the cardioprotective effect of beta-glucan against isoproterenol-induced cardiotoxicity in rats, and elucidate the underlying mechanism.

Methods:

Rats were orally pretreated with beta-glucan (40 mg/kg body weight) for 30 d, and isoproterenol (20 mg/100 g body weight) was administered on days 31 and 32. The effects of beta-glucan on markers of cardiac injury, hemodynamic changes, production of proinflammatory cytokines, and the corresponding mRNA expressions were evaluated. In addition, histological analysis was performed.

Results:

Pretreatment with beta-glucan prevented isoproterenol-induced cardiac injury by preserving the structural and functional integrity of the plasma membrane and attenuating the production of proinflammatory cytokines (NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-Ιβ, and IFN-γ) in the heart. Moreover, beta-glucan significantly downregulated the mRNA expression of ACE, AT1R, TNF-α, IL-6, NF-κB, caspase-3, TLR-4, and Bax, and upregulated Bcl-2 in the heart. At the same time, pretreatment with beta-glucan alleviated myocardial damage as reflected in a reduction in myonecrosis, edema, and erythrocyte extravasation with almost imperceptible inflammation.

Conclusions:

Beta-glucan can protect against isoproterenol-induced cardiotoxicity by attenuating cardiac inflammation and apoptosis and regulating the ACE-AT1R axis, thereby preventing cardiac remodeling.
Decreased TRPM7 alleviates high glucose-induced renal tubular epithelial cell injury by inhibiting the HMGB1/TLR4 signaling pathway
Authors: Feng Wei , Cao Zheng-Yong , Guan Fu-Min , Chen Hong
Published: September 2023

Objective:

To explore the regulatory mechanism of transient receptor potential melastatin-7 (TRPM7) in high glucose-induced renal tubular epithelial cell injury.

Methods:

The expression of TRPM7 in the serum of diabetic nephropathy patients and high glucose-induced HK-2 cells was detected by RT-qPCR. Then, the TRPM7 interference vector was constructed, and the downstream high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)/Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway proteins were detected. Next, in addition to interference with TRPM7 expression, overexpression of HMGB1 in high glucose-induced HK-2 cells was performed. Cell activity, apoptosis, oxidative stress levels, and inflammation levels were determined by CCK8, TUNEL, Western blotting, immunofluorescence and related kits.

Results:

TRPM7 expression was upregulated in the serum of diabetic nephropathy patients and high glucose-induced HK-2 cells. Interference with TRPM7 reduced cell damage, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response in high glucose-induced HK-2 cells via inhibiting the HMGB1/TLR4 signaling pathway. However, the effects induced by TRPM7 silencing were abrogated by HMGB1 overexpression.

Conclusions:

Decreased TRPM7 alleviates high glucose-induced renal tubular epithelial cell injury by inhibiting the HMGB1/TLR4 signaling pathway. Further animal experiments and clinical trials are warranted to verify its effect.
Effects of long COVID-19 among young adults in Turkey: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Kaplan Mehmet , Çelik Mesut , Özer Muhammed Yusuf
Published: September 2023

Objective:

To investigate the cognitive state, psychological problems such as depression and anxiety, and pain in the musculoskeletal system among young adults with post-COVID-19 (long COVID) syndrome.

Methods:

This descriptive study included 361 students studying at the Vocational School of Health Services of Bingöl University in Turkey. Data were collected using the Socio-Demographic Information form, the Beck's Depression Inventory, the Cognitive Appraisal Scale, and the Visual Analogue Scale for pain.

Results:

Compared to those without COVID-19, the mean depression score, cognitive appraisal score, and mean Visual Analogue Scale score of the young adults with COVID-19 were significantly higher. There was no significant difference in pain assessment at rest between those with COVID-19 and those without COVID-19.

Conclusions:

Young adults with COVID-19 are more depressed, their cognitive functions are more easily negatively affected, and experience more pain during exercise.
Impact of Using Standard and High-Resolution Exposure Modalities of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) System for Dental Implants Dimension Measurements
Authors: Mehdizadeh Mojdeh , Rostamzadeh Parvaneh , Taheri Hossein
Published: September 2023

Background:

This study aimed to analyze the effects of standard and high-resolution exposures on the diagnostic accuracy of CBCT in the evaluation of dental implant dimensions.

Materials and Methods:

A descriptive–analytical study was carried out on 40 dry human mandibles with appropriate ridge quality based on panoramic radiography. CBCT (Soredex, Cranex 3D, Finland) with a large field of view (FOV) and CMOS flat panel detector were used. CBCT with standard and a high resolution was performed in each mandible. Axial images, reconstructed by OnDemand 3D software, were processed to prepare cross-sectional images from the areas marked by gutta-percha, and then measured by a ruler with an accuracy of 0.01 millimeter in the computer. Measurements were recorded by two observers and the obtained data were compared with the real ones.

Results:

The results showed suitable repeatability in radiologic measurements (r = 0.971), which is indicative of the high reliability of intraobserver measurement. The measurement of width with high-resolution exposure indicated a significant difference with the real condition (P < 0.001); however, this difference was not significant in the case of standard resolution (P > 0.05). Measurement of height with high resolution showed a significant difference with the real condition in the right mandible (P = 0.04) and left mandible (P = 0.05); however, this difference was not significant in standard resolution (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

Based on our findings, the standard CBCT resolution modality is suggested for dental implant images due to its higher accuracy than high-resolution methods for diagnosing the implant dimensions.
The Therapeutic Effect of Swallow Training with a Xanthan Gum-Based Thickener in Addition to Classical Dysphagia Therapy in Chinese Patients with Post-Stroke Oropharyngeal Dysphagia: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Wang Yao , Zhang Jie , Zhu Hui-Min , Yu Can-Ping , Bao Yan , Hou Xiao-Fang , Huang Shao-Chun
Published: September 2023

Objective:

In patients with post-stroke oropharyngeal dysphagia (PSOD), classical dysphagia therapy (CDT) continues to provide unsatisfactory outcomes and makes it challenging for them to remove the nasal feeding tube. Increasing bolus viscosity helps prevent aspiration in PSOD. However, conventional starch thickeners enhance post-digestion residue. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of swallow training with xanthan gum-based thickener (XGT) (Softia G, NUTRI Co., Ltd., Yokkaichi, Japan) additional to CDT in Chinese PSOD patients with a nasogastric tube when compared to CDT alone.

Methods:

Patients with PSOD who had a nasogastric tube were randomly assigned to either the experimental group (E-group) or the control group (C-group) in this randomized controlled, single-blind, parallel-group study. Both groups received CDT for 4 weeks. The E-group cases received additional swallow training with a Softia G-prepared hydrogel training material. The Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) and modified volume-viscosity swallow test (M-VVST) for swallowing safety and efficacy according to adjusted Chinese dietary habits were administered before and after treatment. Post-training, both groups’ nasogastric tube removal rates were calculated.

Results:

One hundred sixty-seven participants (E-group: 82 and C-group: 85) completed the study. The E-group’s median score of FOIS improved significantly than the C-group after training (median = 5 vs. 3, P < 0.001). The incidence of coughing, voice changes, oxygen desaturation of 3% or more, pharyngeal residue and piecemeal deglutition in the E-group was significantly lower than that in the C-group (P < 0.05). The E-group had 100% nasogastric tube removal, while the C-group had 28.24% (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Swallow training with XGT Softia G in addition to CDT can promote swallowing safety and efficacy in Chinese patients with PSOD more effectively than CDT alone.
Dystonia Deafness Syndrome: A Rare Deep Brain Stimulation Responsive Dystonia
Authors: Kola Sruthi , Kandadai Rukmini Mridula , Kashyap Mansi , Deepak Sai , Prasad VVSRK , Alugolu Rajesh , Borgohain Rupam
Published: September 2023

Dystonia deafness syndrome (DDS) is a rare syndrome characterized by childhood onset sensorineural deafness followed by adult-onset dystonia. We here report the first case of DDS from India caused by ACTB gene mutation presented with deafness, generalized dystonia and scoliosis who showed improvement after Deep brain stimulation.
Migraine and Tension-type Headache in Parkinson’s Disease and Progressive Supranuclear Palsy/Corticobasal Syndrome
Authors: Jatale Vinayak , Tiwari Ashutosh , Kumar Mritunjai , Gupta Ravi , Kumar Niraj
Published: September 2023

Objective:

To compare the prevalence and characteristics of migraine and tension-type headache (TTH) among patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), progressive supranuclear palsy/corticobasal syndrome (PSP/CBS), and healthy controls (HCs).

Methods:

This cross-sectional study involved the collection of data from consecutive PD (n = 81) and PSP/CBS (n = 21) patients along with 104 HCs. Migraine and TTH were diagnosed using the International Classification of Headache Disorders 3rd edition criteria. Demographic data, PD or PSP/CBS details, and the presence and characteristics of migraine and TTH were collected. Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and Pittsburgh Sleep-Quality Index were used to assess cognition, depression, and sleep quality, respectively.

Results:

A comparable proportion of PD and PSP/CBS patients reported lifetime headache (46.9% vs 23.8%; P = 0.06). TTH was more common, observed in 84.3%, 100%, and 93.5% of PD, PSP/CBS, and HCs with lifetime headache, respectively. A comparable proportion of participants in all three groups had bilateral (P = 0.10), dull-aching headache (P = 0.09), and occurring <5/month (P > 0.99). The mean severity score of headache among three groups was comparable (P = 0.39). Although the demographic and clinical characteristics of PSP/CBS patients with and without headache were comparable, PD patients with headache had a higher MDS-UPDRS-III score than those without. More than two-third PD and all PSP/CBS patients with lifetime headache reported headache improvement following parkinsonism onset.

Conclusion:

The prevalence and characteristics of migraine and TTH were comparable in PD, PSP/CBS, and HCs. Headache was associated with greater motor severity in PD. Following parkinsonism onset, headache improved in the majority of PD and PSP/CBS patients with lifetime headache.
Immunoglobulin G4-related disease mimicking lymphoma: Challenging to diagnose
Authors: Chaqmachi Aria Namiq , Hussein Brwa Ali
Published: September 2023

Practically, all major organ systems can be impacted by an immune-mediated fibro-inflammatory condition known as immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD). Even though it is not unusual, the level of orbital involvement in IgG4-RD can change depending on where the lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate is located. We address a case of IgG4-RD in this study who presented with large bilateral upper and lower eyelids swelling, mediastinal lymphadenopathy, and elevated serum IgG4. It was necessary to do a histopathology examination to confirm the diagnosis of the IgG4-RD and rule out any possible mimicking hematological conditions. In conclusion, this case report emphasizes the value of clinical symptoms and imaging in reducing the number of potential diagnoses, although biopsy remains a gold standard to confirm the diagnosis of IgG4-RD.
Impact of Oral Health Programmes on the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life among Children: A Systematic Review
Authors: Medappa B. K. Akash , Fareed Nusrath , Battur Hemant , Praveena Jaseela
Published: September 2023

Background:

Over the last two decades, health professionals and researchers have become increasingly interested in understanding the sociodental approach to improving oral care quality, which focuses more on individuals’ subjective well-being and is guided by Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) measures.

Objectives:

(1) To critically review published literature on the impact of oral health programmes upon OHRQoL among children and (2) to provide an evidence-based approach on research regarding the impact of oral health programmes upon OHRQoL.

Methodology:

This systematic review is being conducted as per the Joanna Briggs Institute Guidelines and reported as per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis. An initial literature yielded 359 abstracts/manuscripts which were tested for eligibility. A total of 10 full length articles satisfying inclusion/exclusion criteria were retrieved and were included for qualitative synthesis. Studies were categorized as interventional (7) and observational (3). Four independent reviewers critically assessed the included studies based on CONSORT and STROBE guidelines, respectively. Risk of bias was assessed using ROBINS-I tool for nonrandomized clinical trial, RoB 2.0 tool for randomized clinical trial. Preventive fraction and levels of evidence were calculated for all the studies using the available data.

Results:

A total of 10 studies published over a period of 15 years were considered for qualitative synthesis. Analysis revealed that different types of oral health programmes (curative programs – 5 studies, curative and preventive programs – 4 studies and comprehensive programs – 1 study) were conducted over a duration of 2 weeks to 3 years. The age group of the subjects in various studies ranged from 4 to 14 years. Most of the studies were reported from Brazil (5) (55%). The outcome measures in all the studies were OHRQoL and the tools that were used to measure it were Child Perception Questionnaire (6 studies), Child Oral Impact on Daily Performance (3 studies), and Early childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (1 studies). A wide range of preventive fraction was obtained ranging from 8% to 90%. The risk of bias assessment for nonrandomized studies mostly showed moderate bias, whereas risk of bias assessment for randomized studies showed low bias.

Conclusion:

The results of this systematic review revealed that oral health programs does have a positive impact on OHRQoL among children.
Perception of Undergraduate Dental Students toward Online Learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Dakshina Kannada District
Authors: Krishnaprakash G. , Jodalli Praveen S. , Shenoy Rekha P , Mohammed Imran Pasha , Junaid  , Amanna Supriya
Published: September 2023

Background:

Online learning is a virtual learning system that combines teaching and learning processes with the use of the Internet. During the COVID-19 pandemic, this approach has proven to be a viable solution for maintaining the learning process.

Aim:

The aim of the study was to assess the perception of e-learning among undergraduate dental students during the COVID-19 pandemic in Dakshina Kannada District.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 195 undergraduate dental students (1st year to final year) studying across Dakshina Kannada District, Karnataka, India. They were surveyed through a self-administered online questionnaire. Data analysis was done using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 27. The Chi-square test was used to find statistical associations, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

The mean age (±standard deviation) of the participants was 20.3 (±1.0). The results revealed that 70% of the participants were aware of online training before the COVID-19 pandemic, 84% responded that online learning was difficult to understand without getting acquainted with appropriate guidance, 78% believed that student and teacher interaction was less during the online classes, and 87% expressed that online learning was stressful.

Conclusion:

According to the findings, nearly half of the participants had a negative attitude about online learning. As a result, encouraging face-to-face connection between students and teachers, as well as promoting a learning environment at home for online learning, is encouraged.
Nutritional Status and Malocclusion Parameters among 5–15-Year-Old School-going Children of Bathinda, Punjab, India
Authors: Narang Ridhi , Shinh Amanish Singh , Saini R. G. , Singla Munish , Gupta Ritesh , Shinh Manhar Kaur
Published: September 2023

Context:

The relationship between children’s oral health and general health has become a research subject of growing interest.

Aim:

The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between nutritional status and malocclusion parameters among school-going children of Bathinda, Punjab, India.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study for 18 months was conducted among 500 5–15-year-old school-going children. Oral examination was done to check malocclusion parameters such as crowding, facial height (FH), and anterior and posterior crossbite. Nutritional status assessment was done using body mass index (BMI). The data were tabulated in Microsoft Excel and statistically analyzed using the SPSS (IBM Corporation) software.

Results:

A statistically significant association was found between BMI and malocclusion parameters such as dental crowding and FH. No statistically significant association was found between nutritional status and anterior/posterior crossbite.

Conclusion:

Further research is needed for in-depth understanding of role of nutritional status on malocclusion indicators during early years of life for timely interventions and prevention.
Effect of Coconut Oil Pulling on Plaque-Induced Gingivitis: A Prospective Clinical Study
Authors: Priya Ratna , Kaur Navpreet , Rawat Aditi , Sharma Vivek , Bhalla Manish , Gupta Roopali
Published: September 2023

Context:

Oil pulling carried out with coconut oil plays a vital role in treating plaque, gingivitis and eradicating dental caries.

Aims:

The study was conducted to assess the effect of coconut oil pulling on plaque formation and plaque-related gingivitis.

Settings and Design:

A prospective clinical study was conducted at a Dental College and Hospital to assess the effect of coconut oil pulling on plaque formation and plaque-related gingivitis.

Subjects and Methods:

The study was conducted among 75 students, aged between 19 and 21 years. All the subjects were advised to perform oil pulling with 5 ml of edible coconut oil every morning for 5 min on empty stomach and before tooth brushing. The data for plaque and gingival index-scores were assessed periodically at baseline, 15th day, and 30th day.

Statistical Analysis Used:

The collected data were analyzed using student paired t-test with SPSS software version 22.

Results:

Among 75 enrolled patients, the reduction of means of Gingival Index scores at baseline was (1.178 ± 0.124), at 15th day was (1.076 ± 0.051) and at 30th day was (1.023 ± 0.020) and reduction of means of plaque Index scores at baseline was (1.518 ± 0.084), at 15th day was (1.257 ± 0.062) and at 30th day was (1.090 ± 0.054). A positive correlation between Gingival and Plaque Index scores was found between periods. The result for both was found to highly statistically significant, (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:

Coconut oil pulling when used as an adjunctive oral hygiene aid is effective in decreasing plaque formation and subsequent plaque-induced gingivitis.
Current Status of Psychiatric Care in Thailand
Authors: Wannarit Kamonporn , Pukrittayakamee Panate , Udomratn Pichet
Published: September 2023

Background:

Psychiatric care in Thailand has been established for a long time. It started with Thai traditional medicine and care, and later, it has been integrated with Western knowledge. In this review, the authors intended to highlight how clinical services and training in Thailand have been adjusted in regard to a changing society, environment, and the world.

Methods:

The authors collected information from the literature relevant to psychiatric care in Thailand, including organizations in charge of the mental well-being of health-care professionals and the general public, prescribing patterns of psychotropic drugs, psychotherapy, other interventions, and gender diversity issues.

Results:

Psychiatric care in Thailand is consistently improving in collaborating and networking among organizations and societies to unite psychiatrists with common interests. New specialty and sub-specialty trainings are also offered in response to the demands of residents and fellows as well as patients. There are also more training centers in the central and regional areas of Thailand. Adjusting and strategically managing psychiatric care have been done to deal with service disruption from the COVID-19 pandemic. Interventions, including pharmacological management, different types of psychotherapy, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, and electroconvulsive therapy, have combined with Western knowledge and Eastern wisdom to deliver appropriate approaches for Thai people, including mental health care for patients with gender diversity. But the health security system and access to mental health care are areas are still needed to be further improved.

Conclusion:

Over the decades since mental health care has been recognized and increasingly aware, there are improvements in clinical services and academic training. The implementation of those services is still required to be monitored and improved for all populations in Thailand without discrimination.
Comparison of SES and SMA Method Against Production Level Property of Fabrication Precision Engineering and Its Effect on Production Planning (Case Study PT X)
Authors: Alfa Reza Via Rensi Novita , Putri Ancala Laras
Published: September 2023

One of the goals of forecasting is to be able to predict the data needed in the future, one of which is the data on demand for the amount of production in a company. PT X is a manufacturing company based on demand or custom. This leads to uncertainty in the use of required materials, so proper forecasting is needed to estimate the material stock requirements. This study used single exponential smoothing and single moving average methods with quantitative approaches to aluminum materials. By calculating forecasting using these two methods, it is possible to find the best method for use by PT X. Based on the test, the SES method has the smallest error rate so it can be used to analyze the data, with α=0.8 yielding a forecast in the 13th month of 308.71408 pcs.