bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Econophysics Techniques and Their Applications on the Stock Market
Authors: Turcaș Florin , Dumiter Florin Cornel , Boiță Marius
Published: March 2022

Exact sciences have achieved many results, validated in practice. Although their application in economics is difficult due to the human factor involved, the lack of conservation laws, and experimental difficulties, it must be highlighted that the consistent bibliography gathered in recent years in this field encourages the econophysics approach. The objective of this article is to validate and/or define a few stock strategies, based on known results from mathematics, physics, and chemistry. The scope of this research demonstrates that statistics (in portfolio theory), geometry (in technical analysis), or financial mathematics can be used in the capital market. Many of the exact science results corresponded to strategies applicable to investors. Unlike the material world, financial markets have additional components that must be considered: human psychology, sociology at the firm level, and behavioral unpredictability. The findings obtained in this research enable the enormous vastness of the exact science results that can be a fertile source for new investment strategies. This article concludes that in order for mathematical theories to be applied to the stock market, it is essential that the start-up conditions (initial assumptions) are validated in the market.
A Lagrangian DG-Method for Wave Propagation in a Cracked Solid with Frictional Contact Interfaces
Authors: Gomez Quriaky , Goument Benjamin , Ionescu Ioan R.
Published: March 2022

We developed a discontinuous Galerkin (DG) numerical scheme for wave propagation in elastic solids with frictional contact interfaces. This type of numerical scheme is useful in investigations of wave propagation in elastic solids with micro-cracks (cracked solid) that involve modeling the damage in brittle materials or architected meta-materials. Only processes with mild loading that do not trigger crack fracture extension or the nucleation of new fractures are considered. The main focus lies on the contact conditions at crack surfaces, including provisions for crack opening and closure and stick-and-slip with Coulomb friction. The proposed numerical algorithm uses the leapfrog scheme for the time discretization and an augmented Lagrangian algorithm to solve the associated non-linear problems. For efficient parallelization, a Galerkin discontinuous method was chosen for the space discretization. The frictional interfaces (micro-cracks), where the numerical flux is obtained by solving non-linear and non-smooth variational problems, concerns only a limited number the degrees of freedom, implying a small additional computational cost compared to classical bulk DG schemes. The numerical method was tested through two model problems with analytical solutions. The proposed Lagrangian approach of the nonlinear interfaces had excellent results (stability and high accuracy) and only required a reasonable additional amount of computational effort. To illustrate the method, we conclude with some numerical simulations on the blast propagation in a cracked material and in a meta-material designed for shock dissipation.
Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis: Triggers, Consequences, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Options
Authors: Hrncir Tomas
Published: March 2022

The global incidence of numerous immune-mediated, metabolic, neurodegenerative, and psychiatric diseases is steadily increasing [...]
Mapping Bacterial Biofilm on Features of Orthopedic Implants In Vitro
Authors: Moore Kelly , Gupta Niraj , Gupta Tripti Thapa , Patel Khushi , Brooks Jacob R. , Sullivan Anne , Litsky Alan S. , Stoodley Paul
Published: March 2022

Implant-associated infection is a major complication of orthopedic surgery. One of the most common organisms identified in periprosthetic joint infections is Staphylococcus aureus, a biofilm-forming pathogen. Orthopedic implants are composed of a variety of materials, such as titanium, polyethylene and stainless steel, which are at risk for colonization by bacterial biofilms. Little is known about how larger surface features of orthopedic hardware (such as ridges, holes, edges, etc.) influence biofilm formation and attachment. To study how biofilms might form on actual components, we submerged multiple orthopedic implants of various shapes, sizes, roughness and material type in brain heart infusion broth inoculated with Staphylococcus aureus SAP231, a bioluminescent USA300 strain. Implants were incubated for 72 h with daily media exchanges. After incubation, implants were imaged using an in vitro imaging system (IVIS) and the metabolic signal produced by biofilms was quantified by image analysis. Scanning electron microscopy was then used to image different areas of the implants to complement the IVIS imaging. Rough surfaces had the greatest luminescence compared to edges or smooth surfaces on a single implant and across all implants when the images were merged. The luminescence of edges was also significantly greater than smooth surfaces. These data suggest implant roughness, as well as large-scale surface features, may be at greater risk of biofilm colonization.
Conjugation Operons in Gram-Positive Bacteria with and without Antitermination Systems
Authors: Miguel-Arribas Andrés , Wu Ling Juan , Michaelis Claudia , Yoshida Ken-ichi , Grohmann Elisabeth , Meijer Wilfried J. J.
Published: March 2022

Genes involved in the same cellular process are often clustered together in an operon whose expression is controlled by an upstream promoter. Generally, the activity of the promoter is strictly controlled. However, spurious transcription undermines this strict regulation, particularly affecting large operons. The negative effects of spurious transcription can be mitigated by the presence of multiple terminators inside the operon, in combination with an antitermination system. Antitermination systems modify the transcription elongation complexes and enable them to bypass terminators. Bacterial conjugation is the process by which a conjugative DNA element is transferred from a donor to a recipient cell. Conjugation involves many genes that are mostly organized in one or a few large operons. It has recently been shown that many conjugation operons present on plasmids replicating in Gram-positive bacteria possess a bipartite antitermination system that allows not only many terminators inside the conjugation operon to be bypassed, but also the differential expression of a subset of genes. Here, we show that some conjugation operons on plasmids belonging to the Inc18 family of Gram-positive broad host-range plasmids do not possess an antitermination system, suggesting that the absence of an antitermination system may have advantages. The possible (dis)advantages of conjugation operons possessing (or not) an antitermination system are discussed.
Gelation and Consolidation Characteristics of Cement-Sodium Silicate Grout within Water
Authors: Lin Rongfeng , Jin Qing , Zhang Yaolei , Pan Guangming , Qin Jianwen , Huang Zejing
Published: March 2022

Cement-sodium silicate grout (CSG) is now widely adopted in water plugging engineering to prevent water inrush disasters, and the gelation and consolidation characteristics of CSG in water environment significantly affect the grouting effect. To obtain an in-depth understanding of the performance of CSG in water, the CSGs with different water-cement ratios and volume ratios were tested, and the gelation properties, the deposition characteristics and the diffusion process of CSG within water were examined. The compressive strength and microstructure of CSG consolidation formed in air and water were also analyzed comparatively. The test results indicate that the CSG consolidation exhibits obvious stratification and segregation phenomena in water, which can be divided into three layers with different substance compositions. The compressive strength of CSG consolidation formed in water is much lower than that of the grout consolidation formed in air, indicating that the water environment has a significant weakening effect on the consolidation properties of CSG. The hydration products and microstructure of CSG consolidation in water change clearly due to the dilution effect of water.
Determining Financial Uncertainty through the Dynamics of Sukuk Bonds and Prices in Emerging Market Indices
Authors: Sial Muhammad Safdar , Cherian Jacob , Meero Abdelrhman , Salman Asma , Abdul Rahman Abdul Aziz , Samad Sarminah , Negrut Constantin Viorel
Published: March 2022

The main focus of the study is to determine the financial uncertainty while examining the Sukuk bonds prices, Sukuk bond and global emerging market indices returns dynamics. The study, with a time period ranging from 2017 to 2020, applies the quantile regression technique. The study findings show that evidence of co-moment exists between the global emerging market index and Sukuk bond price returns, except the one. There is no impact of the financial uncertainty indicator reflected by the global volatility index (VIX) on the Sukuk index returns, and even this impact is negative for (VXEEM). The causal impact among the global emerging and Sukuk bond markets will help formulate future trading strategies in particular to Islamic bond markets.
Comparative Review of Neighborhood Sustainability Assessment Tools
Authors: Boschetto Pasqualino , Bove Alessandro , Mazzola Elena
Published: March 2022

The paper aims to evaluate criteria for appraising the existing urban transformation projects in view of the social dimension of sustainability. Within the case study of the recovery project of “G. Prandina” barrack in Padua, north-east of Italy, the paper compares two different Italian rating systems to evaluate neighborhood sustainability: “GBC Quartieri” and “ITACA Scala Urbana”. The GBC Quartieri rating system, with a point scheme, allots credits for neighborhood design features, and integrates the environment, infrastructures, and buildings for the creation of sustainable communities with a relationship net and a pre-existence connection. The “ITACA Scala Urbana” procedure consists of a multicriteria evaluation of the environmental sustainability and the compilation of a group of worksheets, one for each different internal performance indicator. The results show the main differences and analogies among the different tools, and this analysis confirms that new neighborhood protocols originating from building rating systems dedicate little space to social aspects and to the concept of inclusion, instead of the newly developed neighborhood protocols. Through this examination, the research can also conclude that the identification of common macro-areas is present, which highlights the different levels of importance given to the various features connected to social sustainability in neighborhood transformation.
Multi-Feature Fusion Based Deepfake Face Forgery Video Detection
Authors: Lai Zhimao , Wang Yufei , Feng Renhai , Hu Xianglei , Xu Haifeng
Published: March 2022

With the rapid development of deep learning, generating realistic fake face videos is becoming easier. It is common to make fake news, network pornography, extortion and other related illegal events using deep forgery. In order to attenuate the harm of deep forgery face video, researchers proposed many detection methods based on the tampering traces introduced by deep forgery. However, these methods generally have poor cross-database detection performance. Therefore, this paper proposes a multi-feature fusion detection method to improve the generalization ability of the detector. This method combines feature information of face video in the spatial domain, frequency domain, Pattern of Local Gravitational Force (PLGF) and time domain and effectively reduces the average error rate of span detection while ensuring good detection effect in the library.
Topological Effects of a Spiral Dislocation on Quantum Revivals
Authors: Maia Anderson V. D. M. , Bakke Knut
Published: March 2022

We analyse the influence of spiral dislocation topology on the revival time for the harmonic oscillator, for a particle confined to one-dimensional quantum ring, and a two-dimensional quantum ring. We first investigate the effects of a cut-off point that stems from the topology of this defect on the harmonic oscillator. Then, we show that the influence of spiral dislocation topology on the harmonic oscillator gives rise to a non-null revival time related to the radial quantum number. In the case of the two-dimensional quantum ring, we show that the revival times related to the radial quantum number and the angular momentum quantum number are influenced by the spiral dislocation topology.
Green Veterinary Pharmacology for Honey Bee Welfare and Health: Origanum heracleoticum L. (Lamiaceae) Essential Oil for the Control of the Apis mellifera Varroatosis
Authors: Castagna Fabio , Bava Roberto , Piras Cristian , Carresi Cristina , Musolino Vincenzo , Lupia Carmine , Marrelli Mariangela , Conforti Filomena , Palma Ernesto , Britti Domenico , Musella Vincenzo
Published: March 2022

Varroatosis, caused by the Varroa destructor mite, is currently the most dangerous parasitic disease threatening the survival of honey bees worldwide. Its adverse effect on the welfare and health of honey bees requires the regular use of specific acaricides. This condition has led to a growing development of resistance phenomena towards the most frequently used drugs. In addition, another important aspect that should not be understated, is the toxicity and persistence of chemicals in the environment. Therefore, the identification of viable and environmentally friendly alternatives is urgently needed. In this scenario, essential oils are promising candidates. The aim of this study was to assess the contact toxicity, the fumigation efficacy and the repellent effect of Origanum heracleoticum L. essential oil (EO) against V. destructor mite. In the contact tests, each experimental replicate consisted of 15 viable adult female mites divided as follows: 5 treated with EO diluted in HPLC grade acetone, 5 treated with acetone alone (as negative control) and 5 treated with Amitraz diluted in acetone (as positive control). The EO was tested at concentrations of 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 mg/mL. For each experimental replicate, mortality was manually assessed after one hour. The efficacy of EO fumigation was evaluated through prolonged exposure at different time intervals. After each exposure, the 5 mites constituting an experimental replicate were transferred to a Petri dish containing a honey bee larva and mortality was assessed after 48 h. The repellent action was investigated by implementing a directional choice test in a mandatory route. During the repellency tests the behavior of the mite (90 min after its introduction in the mandatory route) was not influenced by the EO. In contact tests, EO showed the best efficacy at 2 and 1 mg/mL concentrations, neutralizing (dead + inactivated) 90.9% and 80% of the mites, respectively. In fumigation tests, the mean mortality rate of V. destructor at maximum exposure time (90 min) was 60% and 84% at 24 and 48 h, respectively. Overall, these results demonstrate a significant efficacy of O. heracleoticum EO against V. destructor, suggesting a possible alternative use in the control of varroatosis in honey bee farms in order to improve Apis mellifera welfare and health and, consequently, the hive productions.
Velocity and distribution velocity of meteoroids and space debris in near-earth space
Authors: MIRONOV Vadim V. , TOLKACH Mikhail A.
Published: March 2022

The problems of assessing a risk of damaging a spacecraft by meteoroids and space debris are fairly important. The probability of not damaging a SC depends on the properties of its structural elements, particle flux density and velocity of hypervelocity meteoroids and/or space debris.
This article offers an analytical review of papers (primarily foreign ones) assessing velocity of meteoroids based on the experimental evidence.
Stated are general requirements for experimental data acceptable for acquiring reliable meteoroid velocity data. Compared are meteoroid velocity values obtained from different models, including the data presented in the current national domestic standards. Based on the analysis of experimental data accumulated so far, the most probable values of meteoroid and space debris velocities to be used in ballistic limit equations have been proposed.
Key words: meteoroid, space debris, spacecraft shielding against meteoroids, meteoroid environment, meteoroid flux density and velocity.
A study of possible drift trajectories of a calibrated solid body inside the ISS pressurized cabin during the conduct of experiment Vector-T
Authors: BELYAEV Mikhail Yu. , KUDRYAVTSEV Sergey I. , RULEV Dmitry N. , KRYLOV Andrey N. , BATYREV Yury P. , ALYAMOVSKIY Sergey N.
Published: March 2022

The paper discusses methodological support for space experiment Vektor-T slated to be conducted in the Russian Segment of the International Space Station (ISS RS). The objective of the space experiment is to obtain additional information needed to improve the ISS motion control techniques based on the data from tracking the drift of calibrated solid body inside the ISS pressurized cabin. The paper provides the results of estimation of possible drift trajectories depending on the condition of the Earth atmosphere, positions of the steerable structural elements of the ISS and the location of the launch point with respect to the ISS center of mass. It reviews methodological issues involved in planning the space experiment sessions, their conduct and processing of the results.
Key words: space experiment, micro-accelerations, pressurized cabin, calibrated body, drift.
POSSIBLE ENGINEERING DESIGN SOLUTIONS FOR DEVELOPENT OF HEAVY AND SUPER-HEAVY OXYGEN-KEROSENE SPACE ROCKET
Authors: KATORGIN Boris I. , LOPOTA Vitaly A. , LEVOCHKIN Petr S. , CHVANOV Vladimir K. , SAMITOV Rashit M. , SOKOLOV Boris A. , FILIPPOV Ilya M. , MURTAZIN Rafail F. , KRYUKOV Igor A. , TUPITSYN Nikolay N. , ULYBYSHEV Yury P. , FIRSTAEV Dmitry S. , KISELEV Andrey V.
Published: March 2022

The paper presents the results of an independent design study into the feasibility of developing for the Super-Heavy Space Rocket (SHSR) with 140–170 ton payload capacity a modular Launch Vehicle (LV) in the form of a tri-pack cluster of three two-stage medium LVs Soyuz-5 and three side-mounted bi-pack clusters based on coupling together the first stages of LV Soyuz-5 based on NPO Energomash oxygen-kerosene main engines RD171MV, RD180, RD191M and a four-chamber version of the RD120 engine. In addition to this, the paper discusses the feasibility of using the tri-pack cluster from the SHSR as a standalone Heavy LV with an increased payload capacity (50–60tons) to assure its more frequent use, and thus upkeep the operational reliability of the more powerful SHSR. The paper demonstrates the feasibility of designing the second-phase reusable versions of the first-stage clusters for SHSR and Heavy LV, as well as the feasibility of manned lunar missions using not two, but only one SHSR.
Key words: integrated launch vehicle, launch vehicle, main engine, tri-pack cluster, bi-pack cluster, crew transportation spacecraft, lunar take-off and landing vehicle.
Phaétousa et Nannô : deux femmes qui se transforment en hommes (Épidémies VI 8 c.32)
Authors: Bonneau Marion
Published: March 2022

À la fin du traité Épidémies VI, une affection féminine recensée par l’auteur-médecin chez deux patientes a de quoi surprendre : il s’agit de l’unique occurrence d’un changement de sexe, non seulement dans le Corpus Hippocratique, mais encore dans la littérature médicale grecque antique. La métamorphose des deux femmes en hommes est un changement pathologique en ce qu’elle introduit dans le corps sain une rupture si grande que le retour à l’équilibre est impossible, et l’issue, fatale. Le cas de Phaétousa et Nannô est-il un cas particulier de stérilité, tel qu’on peut en trouver dans d’autres traités hippocratiques, ou chez Aristote ? Est-il la manifestation extrême d’une affection gynécologique répertoriée comme telle dans les traités spécialisés, à savoir la suppression des règles ? Est-il enfin un cas de bisexualité, entendu dans l’Antiquité au sens de la possession successive ou simultanée des deux sexes, comme en relate Diodore de Sicile ?
Les Marci Aurelii Thèlymitrès La famille et le théâtre de Milet
Authors: Capelle Jeanne
Published: March 2022

Cet article réunit pour la première fois l’ensemble des inscriptions liées à la famille de deux champions milésiens d’époque impériale, M. Aurelius Thèlymitrès père et fils, jusqu’alors éditées séparément. Le réexamen des pierres conservées dans les dépôts de Milet et de Didymes ainsi que dans les réserves du musée du Louvre permet une réédition des textes et en particulier un raccord entre deux fragments (IMilet 1367+ 1368) : huit textes ayant trait au père et au fils ainsi qu’à leurs descendantes, une prêtresse d’Athéna et deux hydrophores de Didymes, sont présentés, annotés et traduits. Ils permettent de revenir sur l’occupation et le palmarès des deux champions, ainsi que sur la généalogie de cette famille éminente et ses bornes chronologiques. Il devient ainsi possible de définir et de replacer dans leur contexte les travaux financés par M. Aurelius Thèlymitrès le Jeune au théâtre de Milet, où la famille était mise à l’honneur dans le décor de la scène comme sur les gradins.
Etiology and Pathogenesis of Macular Edema in Anterior Uveitis (Review)
Authors: Храменко Н.И.
Published: March 2022

Статья посвящена обзору современных источников литературы, где рассматриваются этиологические факторы развития отека макулярной области при увеитах, специфические механизмы его патогенеза, нарушения функционирования внешнего и внутреннего отдела гемато- ретинального барьера, роль молекулярных факторов при отеке макулы воспалительного генеза. Важным остается понимание вопроса, почему у некоторых пациентов наблюдается один эпизод отека макулы, тогда как у других развивается рецидивирующее или хроническое его течение, резистентное к иммуномодулирующей и противовоспалительной терапии. Понимание специфических механизмов развития отека макулы важно для прицельно направленного терапевтического воздействия в управлении воспалительным процессом.

The article is a review of modern literature sources, which discusses the etiological factors of the development of edema of the macular region in patients with uveitis, specific mechanisms of the its pathogenesis, impaired functioning of the external and internal divisions of the hematoretinal barrier, the role of molecular factors in develop of macular edema of the inflammatory genesis. An important issue remains the understanding, why some patients experience one episode of macular edema, while others have a relapsing or chronic course of macular edema, that is resistant to immunomodulating and anti-inflammatory therapy. Understanding the specific mechanisms for the development of macular edema is important for a targeted therapeutic effect in controlling the inflammatory response.
Theory and Practice of Pregabalin Use: Expert Opinion from Neurologist, Psychiatrist and Clinical Pharmacologist
Authors: Дельва М.Ю. , Хаустова Е.А. , Зайченко А.В.
Published: March 2022

Прегабалин, изначально созданный для лечения эпилепсии, сегодня признан эффективным средством для лечения нейропатической боли и тревожных расстройств. Он является препаратом первой линии в лечении боли при диабетической полинейропатии, постгерпетической невралгии, фибромиалгии, центральной боли после спинальной травмы, а также генерализованного тревожного расстройства. Накапливаются сведения о его эффективности в лечении других болевых синдромов (например, боли в нижней части спины) и тревожных расстройств (например, социальной фобии, тревоги на фоне других психических и соматических заболеваний, в том числе COVID-19). Учитывая быстроту наступления эффекта, хорошую переносимость, а также отсутствие значимых взаимодействий с другими лекарственными средствами, применение прегабалина в качестве монотерапии либо в комбинации с другими препаратами имеет клиническую и экономическую целесообразность. Из огромного разнообразия генериков прегабалина внимания заслуживает Неогабин® (Acino, Швейцария), один из немногих прегабалинов, имеющих доказанную биоэквивалентность оригинальному препарату, что подтверждает его качество и безопасность.

Originally developed for the treatment of epilepsy, pregabalin is now recognized as an effective medicine for neuropathic pain and anxiety disorders. It is a first-line drug in the treatment of pain in diabetic polyneuropathy, postherpetic neuralgia, fibromyalgia, central pain after spinal trauma, and generalized anxiety disorder. There is accumulating evidence of its effectiveness in the treatment of other pain syndromes (for example, lower back pain) and anxiety disorders (for example, social phobia, anxiety associated with other mental and physical diseases, including COVID-19). Due to the rapidity of the effect onset, good tolerance, and the absence of significant drug interactions, the use of pregabalin as monotherapy or in combination with other drugs has clinical and economic feasibility. Among the huge variety of pregabalin generics, Neogabin® (Acino, Switzerland) deservesspecial attention, as it is one of the few pregabalins that has a proven bioequivalence to the original drug, which confirms its quality and safety.
Refeeding Syndrome in Children
Authors: Ненартович И.А.
Published: March 2022

Синдром возобновленного питания − это значительное снижение уровня одного электролита или любой комбинации электролитов (фосфор, калий, магний) или проявление дефицита тиамина, развивающееся вскоре, в первые 5 дней, после начала предоставления калорий человеку, который длительное время голодал. Синдром возобновленного питания может иметь различную степень выраженности: от незначительного, клинически незначимого снижения уровня электролитов до тяжелого и внезапного снижения, которое приводит к развитию или риску развития синдрома полиорганной недостаточности и летального исхода. В 2020 г. Американская ассоциация парентерального и энтерального питания предложила критерии для выделения группы риска развития синдрома возобновленного питания и разработала шкалу градации этого риска у детей старше 28 дней (для доношенных) и старше 44 недель скоррегированного гестационного возраста (для недоношенных); представила алгоритмы профилактики и лечения взрослых и детей с синдромом возобновленного питания.

Refeeding syndrome is a measurable reduction in levels of 1 or any combination of phosphorus, potassium, and/or magnesium, or the manifestation of thiamin deficiency, developing shortly (hours to 5 days) after initiation of calorie provision to an individual who has been exposed to a substantial period of undernourishment. Manifestation can be in a wide variety of severities, from slight, clinically insignificant decrements in electrolyte levels to severe and sudden decreases, which lead to, or risk development of, end organ failure if not preempted. In 2020 the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN) has proposed a new clinical definition, and criteria for stratifying risk with treatment and screening strategies. These consensus recommendations are intended to provide guidance regarding recognizing risk and identifying, stratifying, avoiding and managing refeeding syndrome in children as well.
Molecular-Genetic Studiesin the Morphological Diagnosis of Tuberculosis
Authors: Суркова Л.К. , Гуревич Г.Л. , Дюсьмикеева М.И. , Залуцкая О.М. , Николенко Е.Н. , Стринович А.Л. , Шаламовский В.В.
Published: March 2022

Представлены результаты молекулярно-генетического исследования (тест Xpet MTB/Rif и метод гибридизации с ДНК-зондами) гистологического биоматериала парафиновых блоков 152 пациентов.Установлено, что параллельное выполнение гистологического исследования биопсийного/ операционного материала с молекулярно-генетическим исследованием с определением ДНК МБТ и лекарственной чувствительности M. tuberculosis в парафиновых блоках расширяет возможности морфологической диагностики туберкулеза и повышает ее достоверность на 31,74%.Показана целесообразность проведения молекулярно-генетического исследования парафиновых блоков гистологического биоматериала в диагностике туберкулеза и определении лекарственной чувствительности возбудителя непосредственно в очагах поражения.

The results of molecular study (Xpert MTB/Rif test and hybridization with DNA probes) of histological biomaterial of paraffin blocks of 152 patients are presented.It was found that combining the histological examination of biopsy/surgical material with the molecular study on the MTB DNA detection and M. tuberculosis drug sensitivity testing in paraffin blocks expands the possibilities of morphological diagnosis of tuberculosis and increases its reliability by 31.74%.The advisability of conducting the molecular study of paraffin blocks of histological biomaterial in the diagnosis of tuberculosis and drug sensitivity testing of the pathogen directly in the lesion sites is shown.
Experience of Use of Etanercept in Childrenwith a Polyarticular Variant of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: Чижевская И.Д. , Беляева Л.М. , Матюшко Т.С. , Костеневич М.М. , Вишневская А.В. , Аргер И.В. , Крук Т.В.
Published: March 2022

В статье представлен клинический опыт использования биологической терапии лекарственным средством этанерцепт у детей. В исследовании, проведенном с участием 30 детей с полиартикулярной формой ювенильного идиопатического артрита, показано, что этанерцепт быстро и эффективно снижает воспалительную активность заболевания, повышает функциональную активность пациентов, обладает хорошей переносимостью.

The article presents the clinical experience of using biological therapy with the drug etanercept in children. In the study, conducted with the participation of 30 children with polyarticular form of juvenile idiopathic arthritis, it was showed that etanercept quickly and effectively reduces the inflammatory activity of the disease, increases the functional activity of patients, and has a good tolerance.
Comorbidity Problems in Cardiology, Variations, Potential of Therapy
Authors: Андриевская С.А. , Бессмертная А.А. , Андриевский А.Г. , Кротенко В.К.
Published: March 2022

В статье освещена проблема коморбидности ишемической болезни сердца (ИБС) в сочетании с хронической венозной недостаточностью (ХВН), которая широко распространена в популяции (~50%), однако остается недостаточно исследованной. С целью изучения новых возможностей оптимальной терапии данной сочетанной патологии исследован препарата карбарутин (производитель WORLD MEDICINE, Турция) для пациентов, страдающих ИБС и ХВН различной степени, в условиях дневного стационара кардиологического профиля и амбуланса. Дана интегральная оценка обоснованности применения комбинации у 30 пациентов с ИБС и ХВН на основе динамики клинико-функциональных критериев, а также с помощью общих и специфических опросников для пациентов с заболеванием вен. Проведенный анализ качества жизни доказал эффективность препарата карбарутин в комплексном лечении коморбидных пациентов с ИБС и ХВН, целесообразность широкого его применения с учетом распространенности ХВН на фоне ИБС в современной клинической практике.

The article highlights the problem of the comorbidity of ischemic heart disease in combination with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI), which is widespread in the population (~ 50%), but remains insufficiently studied. In order to study new possibilities of optimal therapy for this combined pathology, the drug carbarutin (manufactured by WORLD MEDICINE, Turkey) was studied for patients suffering from coronary artery disease and CVI of various degrees in the day hospital with the cardiac profile and outpatient clinic. An integral assessment of the validity of using the combination in 30 patients with coronary artery disease and CVI is given based on the dynamics of clinical and functional criteria, as well as using general and specific questionnaires for patients with venous disease. The analysis of the quality of life proved the effectiveness of the drug carbarutin in the complex treatment of comorbid patients with IHD and CVI, the expediency of widespread use, taking into account the prevalence of CVI on the background of IHD in modern clinical practice.
Complex Methods of Risk Assessment and Prevention of Pregnancy Losses
Authors: Моссэ И.Б. , Курлович И.В. , Дашкевич Э.В. , Седляр Н.Г. , Белуга М.В. , Веремеева В.В.
Published: March 2022

Использование комплекса генетических и гемостазиологических тестов для выбора методов медицинской профилактики патологии беременности позволяет существенно снизить частоту репродуктивных потерь в практическом здравоохранении. Гемостазиологические лабораторные исследования проводились по параметрам АЧТВ, МНО, фибриноген, R, ПО. Идентификация полиморфных вариантов генов проводилась методом ПЦР. С целью количественной оценки генетического риска патологии беременности разработана система балльной оценки. В результате применения разработанных методов у пациенток с невынашиванием беременности удалось предотвратить ВТЭО в 97,8% случаев и пролонгировать беременность до срока доношенности в 86,7% случаев.

The use of complex of genetic and hemostasiological tests for selection of the methods of medical prevention of pregnancy losses can significantly reduce the frequency of miscarriages in practical health care. Hemostasiological laboratory studies were carried out according to the parameters of APTT, INR, fibrinogen, R, PO. The identification of polymorphic gene variants was conducted with PCR method. In order to quantify the genetic risk of pregnancy losses, a scoring system has been developed. As a result of use of the developed methods in patients with miscarriage, it was possible to prevent VTEC in 97.8% of cases and to prolong pregnancy to maturity in 86.7% of cases.
Blood Service in Belarus during the Period of Scientific and Technological Progress – 1956–1990
Authors: Гольдинберг Б.М.
Published: March 2022

В статье представлен обзор основных достижений мировой, советской и белорусской трансфузиологии в период научно-технического прогресса (1956–1990). Проведен причинно-следственный анализ особенностей клинической трансфузиологии и организации службы крови в Беларуси во время неоднозначных экономических и общественно-политических процессов, проходивших в республике. Это позволило авторам выделить в исследуемом отрезке истории отечественной трансфузиологии три характерных этапа:интенсификация заготовки и применения донорской крови (1956–1964), совпадающая с индустриализацией в экономике и «оттепелью» в политической жизни общества;создание материально-технической базы службы крови и развитие донорства по экстенсивным показателям (1965–1984) как отражение противоречий в проведении экономической реформы в период общественно-политического «застоя»;модернизация службы крови во время кризиса донорского движения (1985–1990) на фоне экономической перестройки и общественной гласности.Проанализирован вклад белорусских ученых в развитие мировой и отечественной трансфузиологии в период с 1956 по 1990 год.

The article presents an overview of the main achievements of the world, Soviet and Belarusian Transfusiology in the period of scientific and technological progress (1956-1990). A causal analysis of the features of clinical Transfusiology and organization of the blood service in Belarus with ambiguous economic and social and political processes that took place in the Republic was carried out. This allowed the authors to identify three typical stages in the studied segment of the history of Russian Transfusiology:intensification of the procurement and use of donor blood (1956–1964) coincided with industri- alization of the economy and “thaw” in the political life of society;creation of the material and technical base of the Blood Service and the development of dona- tion by extensive indicators (1965–1984) as a reflection of the contradictions in the attempt to carry out economic reforms in combination with social and political “stagnation”;modernization of the Blood Service and crisis of the donor movement (1985–1990) in the period of economic restructuring and social publicity.The contribution of Belarusian scientists to the development of the world and domestic Transfusiology during the period of scientific and technological progress was analyzed.
Linear Dermatoses in Children. Differential Diagnosis (Literature Review)
Authors: Горланов И.А. , Леина Л.М. , Милявская И.Р. , Заславский Д.В. , Минеева О.К.
Published: March 2022

Заболевания с линейным характером высыпаний на коже нередко встречаются в педиатрической практике. По линиям Блашко могут располагаться многочисленные кожные заболевания, такие как генодерматозы, невусы и воспалительные дерматозы. Возникновение многих линейных дерматозов связано с мозаицизмом. В обзоре представлены наиболее частые линейно расположенные дерматозы у детей.

Linear lesions are often found in pediatric practice. Numerous skin diseases such as genodermatoses, nevi and inflammatory dermatoses can be located along the Blaschko lines. The onset of many linear dermatoses is associated with mosaicism. The review presents the most common linearly located dermatoses in children.
Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis
Authors: Музыченко А.П. , Качук М.В. , Карпов И.А.
Published: March 2022

Реакции лекарственной гиперчувствительности создают определенные трудности в клинической практике, связанные с их диагностикой, лечением и профилактикой, а также могут представлять собой угрозу здоровью и жизни пациентов. Острый генерализованный экзантематозный пустулез – это тяжелая, обычно медикаментозная кожная реакция, характеризующаяся острым началом с образованием множества стерильных пустул на эритематозном фоне, лихорадкой и нейтрофилией.

Drug hypersensitivity reactions create certain difficulties in clinical practice related to the diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis, and may also cause danger to health or life of patients. Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis represents a severe, usually drug-related skin reaction characterized by acute onset of mainly sterile pustules on an erythematous background, fever and neutrophilia.
Clinical Case of the Byler’s Syndrome in a Child
Authors: Сергиенко Е.Н. , Романова О.Н. , Ключарева А.А. , Сукало А.В. , Клецкий С.К. , Кашкан А.М. , Кастюкевич Л.И. , Михаленко Е.П.
Published: March 2022

Прогрессирующий семейный внутрипеченочный холестаз (ПСВХ) – это редкая форма наследственной патологии печени, которая обусловлена дефектами секреции желчи, непрерывно прогрессирует и способствует формированию фиброза и цирроза печени. Частота данной патологии составляет 1 на 50 000–100 000 новорожденных. Начинается заболевание, как правило, в младенчестве, но прогрессирование процесса может быть и в подростковом возрасте. Выделяют три типа ПСВХ: при ПСВХ 1-го и 2-го типа нарушается секреция солей желчных кислот, а при ПСВХ 3-го типа изменена экскреция фосфолипидов. Диагностика основана на клинических проявлениях, результатах холангиографии, УЗИ, гистологии печени и специфических тестах. Терапия урсодезоксихолевой кислотой должна быть начата во всех случаях для предотвращения прогрессирования повреждения печени. Тем не менее, большинство пациентов с ПСВХ в конечном итоге являются кандидатами на трансплантацию печени. Таким образом, ранняя диагностика ПСВХ позволяет своевременно определять тактику ведения пациентов с целью предотвращения необратимого исхода заболевания.

Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC) is a rare form of hereditary diseases of the liver, which (due to defects in bile secretion) constantly progresses and promotes the formation of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Its incidence is estimated as 1 to 50.000–100.000 newborns. The onset of the disease is generally in infancy, but the diagnosis may be delayed until adolescence. Three types of PFIC are distinguished: in PFIC types I, II, the secretion of bile salts deteriorates, whereas in PFIC type III, the excretion of phospholipids is altered. Diagnosis is based on clinical manifestations,cholangiography, liver ultrasonography, and histology, as well as on specific tests. Ursodeoxycholic acid therapy should be initiated in all patients to prevent the progression of liver damage. However, the majority of PFIC patients are ultimately candidates for liver transplantation. Thus, early diagnosis of PFIC allows timely determination of patient management tactics in order to prevent an irreversible outcome of the disease.
Features of Lipid Metabolism in HCV Infection
Authors: Волынец Г.В.
Published: March 2022

Стадии жизненного цикла вируса гепатита С (HCV) осуществляются при участии обмена липидов в клетках печени.Цель исследования: провести обзор особенностей липидного обмена в клетках печени при HCV-инфекции и его роли в формировании стеатоза печени.Результаты. Показаны влияние HCV-инфекции на обмен липидов в гепатоцитах, взаимосвязь метаболитов холестерина и иммунологического ответа на HCV-инфекцию, генетические аспекты особенностей обмена липидов при HCV-инфекции.Заключение. Метаболизм липидов имеет большое значение при HCV-инфекции. Внутрипеченочный жизненный цикл HCV сильно зависит от печеночного холестерина и путей липогенеза. Во время инфицирования HCV активирует метаболизм липидов хозяина с помощью различных молекулярных механизмов, которые могут в конечном итоге способствовать развитию стеатоза печени.

The life cycle stages of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) are carried out with the participation of lipid metabolism in liver cells.Purpose: to review the features of lipid metabolism in liver cells during HCV infection and its role in the formation of hepatic steatosis.Results. The influence of HCV infection on lipid metabolism in hepatocytes, the relationship of cholesterol metabolites and the immunological response to HCV infection, genetic aspects of lipid metabolism in HCV infection are shown.Conclusion. Lipid metabolism is of great importance in HCV infection. The intrahepatic life cycle of HCV is highly dependent on hepatic cholesterol and lipogenesis pathways. During infection, HCV activates host lipid metabolism through various molecular mechanisms that may ultimately contribute to the development of hepatic steatosis.
Aggressive Posterior Retinopathy of Prematurity in Azerbaijan: Prevalence, Risk Factors and Treatment
Authors: Акперова А.Т.
Published: March 2022

Обследовано 615 (1230 глаз) младенцев с ретинопатией недоношенных, родившихся раньше 35-й недели, весом <2000 г. Среди них задняя агрессивная ретинопатия (ЗАРН) выявлена у 30 (4,9%). Средний вес при рождении этих детей составлял 1405 г, минимальный вес – 650 г, а максимальный вес – 2200 г. Средний гестационный возраст составил 30,9 недели, минимальный гестационный возраст – 24 недели, максимальный – 36 недель. В настоящем исследовании частота распространения ЗАРН преобладала в Баку-Апшеронском регионе, в основном это были мальчики 2018 года рождения. Большую часть составили дети, рожденные между 28-й и 31-й неделями и c весом 1250–1749 г. Выявлено, что локализация ЗАРН чаще встречается в 1-й зоне (72,4%), что было статистически значимым. Все дети получали лечение, из них у 90% была достигнута регрессия. Из-за проблемы узкого зрачка у детей как тактика лечения изначально была выбрана интравитреальная инъекция анти-VEGF. Из них у 6 детей как повторное лечение была проведена лазерная коагуляция (ЛК) сетчатки, у 1 младенца ЛК + вторая инъекция анти-VEGF. Статистически значимыми факторами риска ЗАРН были: 7–21 день кислородной терапии, 4–7 дней парентерального питания, алкалоз, РДС, кровоизлияние в мозг, анемия, множественные переливания крови, материнский возраст, продолжительность пребывания в стационаре, внутриутробная инфекция, кесарево сечение, анемия и токсикоз у матери.

We examined 615 (1230 eyes) infants with retinopathy of premature babies, born before the 35th week, weighting <2000 grams. Among them, Aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity (APROP) was detected in 30 (4.9%). The average birth weight of these children was 1405 grams. The minimum weight was 650 grams, and the maximum weight was 2200 grams. The average gestational age was 30.9 weeks, the minimum gestational age was 24 weeks, and the maximum was – 36 weeks. In the present study, APROP prevalence prevailed in the Baku-Absheron region,mainly boys born in 2018. Most were children born between 28–31 weeks and weighing 1250– 1749 grams. It was revealed that localization of APROP is more common in the 1st zone (72.4%) and was statistically significant. All children received treatment, of which 90% regression was achieved. Due to the problem of the narrow pupil in children, an intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF was initially chosen as a treatment tactic. Of these, in 6 children, laser coagulation (LK) of the retina was performed as a second treatment, in 1 infant LK + a second injection of anti-VEGF. Statistically significant risk factors APROP were: 7–21 days of oxygen therapy, 4–7 days of parenteral nutrition, alkalosis, RDS, cerebral hemorrhage, anemia, multiple blood transfusions, NEK, maternal age, length of hospital stay, intrauterine infection, cesarean section , anemia and toxicosis in the mother.
Smartphone "inside out"
Authors: Бездетко П.А.
Published: March 2022

В современном мире жизнь многих людей управляется смартфонами, планшетами, компьютерами и умными часами. Использование этой технологии может привести к проблемам со здоровьем. Продолжительная фиксация взгляда на телефонных дисплеях и смартфонах является огромной нагрузкой для нашего организма. В работе проанализированы особенности влияния смартфонов, связанные с патологией шеи, головной болью, зрительным утомлением из-за длительной работы на близком расстоянии и болезни сухого глаза. Оговорены проблемы работы на смартфоне, связанные с воздействием синего света. Детально проанализированы условия повышения ВГД при работе на смартфоне и вклад смартфона в проблему возникновения и прогрессирования миопии. Представлены основные положения защиты органа зрения от повреждающих действий смартфона.

In today’s world, many people’s lives are controlled by smartphones, tablets, computers and smartwatches. Using this technology can lead to health problems. Prolonged gaze fixation on phone displays and smartphones is a huge burden on our bodies. The article analyzes the features of the influence of smartphones associated with neck pathology, headache, visual fatigue due to prolonged work at close range and dry eye disease. Problems of working on a smartphone associated with exposure to blue light are discussed. The conditions for increasing IOP associated with working on a smartphone and the contribution of a smartphone to the problem of the onset and progression of myopia have been analyzed in detail. The main provisions of protecting the organ of vision from the damaging actions of a smartphone are presented.
Sylimarin: Traditional and New Effects
Authors: Силивончик Н.Н. , Якубчик Т.Н.
Published: March 2022

Силимарин – смесь изомерных флавонолигнанов расторопши пятнистой (Silybum marianum). В статье представлена характеристика фармакологических свойств силимарина, характеристика стандартизированного экстракта расторопши по силимарину и силибину Легалон (Legalon)®, клинические эффекты с обзором результатов применения силимарина при заболеваниях печени различной этиологии. Представлены данные об эффектах силимарина при перегрузке железа, онкологических заболеваниях, сахарном диабете. Приведены литературные данные с обоснованием потенциальных эффектов силимарина в отношении вируса SARS-CoV-2 как основа для разработки новых противовирусных препаратов или подходов к поддерживающей терапии инфекции COVID-19.

Silymarin is a mixture of isomeric flavonolignans from milk thistle (Silybum marianum). This article presents characteristics of pharmacological properties of silymarin, characteristics of standardized milk thistle extract for silymarin and silybin Legalon (Legalon®), clinical effects with an overview of results of use of silymarin in liver diseases of various etiologies. Data on effects of silymarin in iron overload, oncological diseases, diabetes mellitus are presented. Literature date provides substantiation of potential effects of silymarin on SARS-CoV-2 virus as a basis for development of new antiviral drugs or approaches to maintenance therapy for COVID-19 infection.