bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design and implementation of low-cost portable potentiostat based on WeChat
Authors: Shen Xiaoyan , Li Ziqiang , Ma Lei , Bian Xiongheng , Cheng Xingsi , Lou Xiongjie
Published: March 2022

The potentiostat is critical in the development of electrochemical systems; however, its cumbersome detection and high cost considerably limit its large-scale application. To provide an affordable alternative to developing countries and resource-constrained areas, this study designs an electrochemical detection system based on smartphones, which uses Bluetooth Low Energy to convert open-source potentiostat data based on PSoC-5LP. The WeChat application on the smartphone provides an interface for entering experimental parameters and visualizing the results in real time. The smartphone-based electrochemical detection system has a simple design and reduces the size (10?3?0.3 cm3) and the cost of the hardware ($ 18). The system performs the most commonly used cyclic voltammetry for electrochemical detection, with results that are comparable to those obtained using a commercial potentiostat and an error rate of 1.3 %. In the classical teaching experiment of electrochemical determination of ascorbic acid in orange juice samples, the measured value of the system is 0.367?0.012 mg/mL, compared with the standard reference value of 0.37 mg/mL, which is obviously a convincing value. Therefore, this system is a low-cost, reliable alternative to a potentiostat for research, education or product integration development.
Numerical investigation of the irregular behavior of helically coiled tube heat exchanger concerning pitch changes
Authors: Mirgolbabaei Hessam
Published: March 2022

The convective heat transfer coefficient of the shell-side of helically coiled tube heat exchangers is numerically investigated in the present study. The present study?s purpose is to evaluate the influence of geometrical parameters on local convective heat transfer coefficients. The heat exchangers? coil and shell-sides flow are fully laminar and steady. Grid independence for the numerical simulation is implemented, and the results are validated against corresponding experimental measurements. The highlights of the present simulation are the fluid-to-fluid model of the heat exchangers and the calculation of exact local heat transfer coefficients and its variation concerning pitch changes that are primarily prohibitive to conduct through experimental measurements on the same type of compact heat exchangers in terms of the complexity of the thermal energy exchange mechanisms. It is concluded from the results that the optimum pitch for the helically coiled tube that provides maximum heat transfer coefficients is achievable at some intermediate pitch values.
Influence of CeO2 nanoparticles on methyl tertiary butyl ether gasoline blend in spark ignition engine
Authors: Duraiswamy Balasubramanian , Muthukumarasamy Arulmozhi , Tamilkolundu Senthilkumar , Chandran Mohanraj , Arockiaraj Godwin , Mohan Sridharan
Published: March 2022

The search for suitable alternative for fossil fuel has been a challenge to the research community for the past two decades. So many alternatives have been identified and tested. However, a complete replacement cannot be provided without any penalties of cost, excess emission, poor operation, etc. The alcohols gave a new opportunity and a solution for that problem but had some setbacks of increased density and lower octane number. The present work focuses on striking a balance between advantages and disadvantages by using oxygenated additive with gasoline fuel. The additive CeO2 along with methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) offers many advantages. The seven samples, namely M10, M15, M20, M25, M20 + 50 mg/l, M20+100 mg/l, M20+150 mg/l have been prepared and tested on spark ignition engine. Here, 10, 15, 20, and 25 denote the MTBE volume in blends and 50 mg/l, 100 mg/l, and 150 mg/l indicate the CeO2 in blends. The results have shown that only MTBE has caused an increase of 4% in brake thermal efficiency with M15 and then brake thermal efficiency has improved by 3% with M15 + 100 mg/l compared with pure gasoline. Fuel consumption has also been reduced upto 9% with M20 and 11% with M15+150 mg/l compared with pure gasoline. The maximum HC and CO reductions have also been observed from M20 and M20 + 150 mg/l. It was up to 19% and 22%, 23%, and 25% of HC and CO with M20, M20 + 150 mg/l. However, there has been an increase in CO2 emission level because of excessive unburned HC reduction. The MTBE with CeO2 has proved to be suited to all running conditions. The blends having more amounts of additive produce good combustion characteristics yet it should be restricted within 20 vol.% of MTBE and 150 mg/l of CeO2.
Heat transfer enhancement using non-equally structure in a plate-fin heat exchanger with offset fins
Authors: Du Juan , Deng Jun
Published: March 2022

In this study, a cross-flow plate-fin heat exchanger with offset fins is optimized by considering the effects of flow maldistribution for air side. For this purpose, the study is focused on an increase in the rate of heat transfer, which can be achieved by using non-equally fin structure. Numerical simulations have been carried out to investigate the thermodynamic characteristics of the non-equally full-size plate-fin heat exchanger by using the porous media approach. Based on the numerical model, flow distribution, total heat rate and pressure drop of the plate-fin heat exchanger are studied. A asymmetric structure with heat transfer enhancement is presented in this study. After comparing numerical predictions of the total heat transfer rate and the pressure drop under various Reynolds number. It is observed that, the percentages of increase in effectiveness for the final non-equally structure are in the range of 2.5-6.2% and the pressure drop remains almost constant in the cases of air inlet velocity fixed at 9.5627 m/s. The increasing asymmetric structure is numerically verified to improve the flow distribution of the plate-fin heat exchanger.
Fat Distribution Within the Pancreas According to Diabetes Status and Insulin Traits
Authors: Skudder-Hill Loren , Sequeira Ivana R. , Cho Jaelim , Ko Juyeon , Poppitt Sally D. , Petrov Maxim S.
Published: March 2022

A growing body of evidence suggests that intrapancreatic fat is associated with diabetes, but whether distribution of intrapancreatic fat across the regions of the pancreas has a pathophysiologic role is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in intrapancreatic fat deposition between the head, body, and tail of the pancreas, as well as the relationship between regional intrapancreatic fat deposition and diabetes status and insulin traits. A total of 368 adults from the general population underwent MRI on a 3 Tesla scanner, and intrapancreatic fat was manually quantified in duplicate. Statistical models included adjustment for age, sex, ethnicity, BMI, and liver fat. Intrapancreatic fat deposition in the head, body, and tail of the pancreas did not differ significantly in adjusted models in either the overall cohort or the three subgroups based on diabetes status. HOMA of insulin resistance and fasting insulin were significantly positively associated with fat in the tail and body of the pancreas. There was no significant association between regional intrapancreatic fat and HOMA of β-cell function. The association of increased intrapancreatic fat deposition in the tail and body regions with increased insulin resistance may have an important role in the early identification of patients at risk for developing insulin resistance and diseases that stem from it.
Estandarización de la formulación y congelación de llapingachos de papa nativa Solanum phureja
Authors: Bustamante Melo Jesus , Jarrin Verónica Fernanda , Paredes Rosero Diego Andrés , Benavides Patiño Jesús Emilio
Published: March 2022

La tendencia mundial de consumo muestra modificaciones en los hábitos de alimentación de las personas. Este cambio está relacionado con la utilización de alimentos saludables y de fácil preparación. Las ventajas de estos productos incluyen precios estables, gran flexibilidad en la preparación, calidad uniforme, además de poseer una vida útil más prolongada. El objetivo fue estandarizar el proceso de elaboración de tortillas de papa tipo llapingacho, en las etapas de cuantificación de ingredientes, método de cocción, congelación rápida y reconstitución. Se realiza un diseño de experimentos de Kruskal-Wallis para la cantidad de ingredientes, diseños completamente al azar para el mejor método de cocción, cinética de congelación y análisis sensoriales de preferencia y discriminativos. La cantidad de ingredientes fue de 1000 g de papa, 8 g de sal, 3 g de ajo y 4 g de cebolla; el método de cocción y reconstitución corresponde al asado en plancha a llama baja con tiempo de 5 min por cada lado, se observa que la congelación fue mejor cuando la temperatura interna del abatidor se encuentra a -40 °C. Se concluye que la tortilla de papa nativa tipo llapingacho es un producto listo para el consumo.
The combined clinical impact of red blood cell distribution width and vascular calcification on cardiovascular events and mortality in patients with endstage kidney disease
Authors: Kim Da Won , Lee Munpyo , Lee Kwon Jae , Lee Yeon Hee , Kim Dongryul , Shin Seok Joon , Yoon Hye Eun
Published: March 2022

Background: Little is known about how the interaction between red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and vascular calcification (VC) affects cardiovascular (CV) events and mortality in end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients. This study investigated the combined prognostic effect of RDW and VC in ESKD patients starting dialysis. Methods: A retrospective single-center study of 582 ESKD patients was conducted. VC was assessed by calculating the aortic calcification index (ACI) using computed tomography. Patients were divided into low ACI-low RDW, low ACI-high RDW, high ACI-low RDW, and high ACI-high RDW groups based on median ACI (17.12) and RDW (14.3) values. The association between RDW and VC and the composite endpoint of CV events and death was analyzed. Results: During a median follow-up of 3.1 years (range, 1.5–5.5 years), 165 CV events (28.4%) and 124 deaths (21.4%) occurred. Cox regression showed that the low ACI-high RDW (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.66; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04–2.66; p = 0.03) and high ACI-low RDW (adjusted HR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.21–3.14; p = 0.006) groups had a greater risk of CV events and death than the low ACI-low RDW group. The high ACI-high RDW group had the greatest risk (adjusted HR, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.42–3.52; p = 0.001). The effect of the interaction between ACI and RDW on CV events and mortality was statistically significant (p = 0.005). Conclusion: High RDW and VC interact to increase the risk of CV events and death in ESKD patients.
Understanding Resident Intention and Behavior toward Water Conservation Initiative in the Upstream of West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Nugroho Prasetyo , Rahayu Apriliyanti Dwi , Juliani Rany , Indarto  , Cahyo Alfian Dwi , Ankhoviyya Nida , Gumilar Edwin , Susanto Denni , Nugroho Adi
Published: March 2022

Upstream areas have long been targeted as the priority of water conservation initiatives. While earlier studies often considered underlying socio-psychological factors determining residents’ intention and behaviors in water conservation, studies that focused on the resident’s intention and behavior in upstream areas, where water is abundant, remain underexplored. The current study used socio-psychological constructs of the theory of planned behavior (TPB), i.e., subjective norm, attitudes toward behavior, and perceived behavioral control, to analyze the determinants of water conservation intention and behavior in two villages upstream of West Java (i.e., Cibeusi and Sanca villages), Indonesia. A total of 200 usable questionnaires were retrieved. Structural equation modeling was used to determine the linkages and strength of relationships among constructs. There was evidence that residents perceived behavioral control exerted the most significant influence on residents’ water conservation intention and behavior. Moreover, perceived behavioral control was an effective mediator of the linkage between attitude and residents’ intention and behavior. The findings confirmed the suitability of TPB in explaining interrelationships among determinant factors that explain residents’ intention and behavior, albeit with different mechanisms and effects. The study implied that increasing awareness of the value of water conservation would significantly affect residents’ attitudes, which subsequently increased their willingness to perform water conservation efforts.
Keywords: attitude, Cipunagara watershed, theory of planned behavior, Subang
Anti-Termite Activity of Melia azedarach Extracts
Authors: Prayogo Yanico Hadi , Putra Romi Irka , Hadiyanto Izza Firdausi , Nihayah Evie , Syafii Wasrin , Sari Rita Kartika , Batubara Irmanida
Published: March 2022

Natural preservatives have been widely considered as non-synthetic materials that can prevent the biodegradation of wood due to subterranean termite attacks, namely Coptotermes curvignathus. Melia azedarach is a fast-growing species that has been widely studied for its antifeedant compounds and shows good potential to be developed as a biopesticide, especially as an anti-termite. This study aimed to identify the termicide and antifeedant properties of the wood, leaves, and bark extracts of Melia azedarach against subterranean termites and identify their bioactive compounds. The acetone extract from the three parts of the tree was fractionated. The most active fractions were selected from each part based on the percentage of termite mortality and antifeedant activity and analyzed for its bioactive compounds by pyrolysis GCMS. The ethyl acetate fraction of Melia azedarach bark exhibited strong toxic properties compared to other fractions. In the leaf section, the diethyl ether fraction showed the best termite repellent (antifeedant) properties. The anti-termite properties influenced phenolic compounds and organic acid that dominated the bark ethyl acetate fraction and leaf diethyl ether fraction. These findings show the great potential of bioactive compounds from biomaterials to be developed as a promising biopesticide.
Keywords: anti-termite, bioactive compound, Melia azedarach, natural preservative
The Dynamics of Secondary Mangrove Forests in Bintuni Bay, West Papua after Harvested on the First 30-Year Rotation Cycle
Authors: Yudha Ruhuddien Pandu , Solehudin  , Wahyudi  , Sillanpää Mériadec
Published: March 2022

Mangrove forests in Bintuni Bay, West Papua, Indonesia, have been managed for timber extraction since 1988 to produce wood chips using a 30-year rotation cycle. The first rotation cycle was completed, resulting in secondary mangrove forests with various stand ages (1–30 years). A large-scale forest inventory was conducted for all harvested blocks to recognize actual standing stock for the 2021–2030 management plan. A total of 434 quadrat plots (20 m x 20 m) covering 17.36 ha each were used to observe forest standing stock. The results present the dynamics of secondary mangrove forests after the initial rotation cycle. At the end of the first cycle (30-year-old stand), secondary mangrove forests provided a volume of 290.12 m3 ha-1 and potential extractable biomass of 203.03 ton ha-1 with mean diameter, basal area, and stem density of 16.91 cm, 29.18 m2 ha-1, and 1,370 stem ha-1, respectively. Annual increment of volume, biomass, and diameter were estimated to be 9.67 m3 ha-1 year-1, 6.77 ton ha-1 year-1, and 0.56 cm year-1, consecutively. The dynamics of secondary mangrove forests could provide significant information in the context of the management plan and implementation of the silviculture system to ensure the sustainability of utilization in managed mangrove forests.
Keywords: Forest regeneration, Silviculture, Standing stock, Sustainable management, Timber utilization
Pemanfaatan dan Strategi Pemasaran Olahan Tanaman Bambu
Authors: Ludvianto Meganusa
Published: March 2022

This journal was created to fulfill the requirements for completing Kuliah Kerja Nyata ke 79 (KKN) activity that was carried out by Atma Jaya Yogyakarta University in 2021. The location that was used as the object of KKN for the writing team was Serut village which is in Gedangsari sub-district, Gunungkidul district. , the province of the Special Region of Yogyakarta. The theme raised by the writing team was the potential of Serut village. The writing team searched for data and information about Serut village via the internet by analyzing it through the official Serut village website and other related websites, and several related journals. The writing team found that Serut village's potential is the potential for a tourism village and the potential for natural resources, specifically the producer of Jati wood and bamboo wood. This program is expected to be able to help Serut villagers to be able to further develop the potential of their village.
Обоснование применения модели смешанного обучения в преподавании физической культуры в школе
Authors: Голикова Елена , Панкратович Татьяна , Нефедова Виктория
Published: March 2022

Цель исследования: обосновать эффективность модели смешанного обучения в преподавании физической культуры в школе.

Методика и организация исследования. В рамках научной работы проведен анализ тенденции перехода к цифровому образованию и возможности включения информационно-телекоммуникационных ресурсов в программу по физической культуре. В первой части исследования проведен опрос учителей физической культуры, изучены слабые стороны современных электронно-коммуникативных платформ, предлагаемых для внедрения в образовательную практику. Вторая часть посвящена разработке тематического плана по физической культуре, отражающего как практико-ориентированную направленность дисциплины, так и комплект информационных ресурсов. Тематический план транслирован в образовательные организации Оренбургской области с использованием модели смешанного обучения «перевернутый класс».

Результаты исследования и выводы. Результативность предложенного материала отслеживалась во фронтальном эксперименте по разработанным показателям: знаниевый компонент, самостоятельность и активность обучающихся. Результаты в основной группе увеличились на (14% и 30%), тогда как в контрольной группе повысились на (4% и 4%).
The Speaking Body: Corporeal Symbolism in Arya Gopi's Poetry
Authors: Varun Mr. , Raj Ms. Reema
Published: March 2022

Poetry is an amalgam of both melancholy and bliss for Dr. Arya Gopi. She is an Indian bilingual writer who handles a wide variety of themes, the analysis of which would perhaps be a herculean task for a scholar. Her poetry contains everything. It speaks of inner and outer conflicts. It addresses intricacies of human psyche; confronts with life and death alike. Seldom do her words wither to be of a particular theme; instead it embraces everything general. Gopi's collection of poems, Sob of Strings (2016) reveals her keen observation and unique poetic techniques. Her poetry can perhaps be considered synonymous with several of the confessional poems of Sylvia Plath, Emile Dickinson and Kamala Das. Basic human emotions, life, death, nature and the like never really are redshirts here. Another significant aspect of Gopi's poetry must be the vitality of corporeal imagery made use of in Sob of Strings. Body can best used in theatre rather than literature, however, systematic development of bodily symbolism can make a work of literature complete. Body plays a vital role in meaning-making, which is a complex process. Plath and Emile Dickinson have constantly made use of several body centred symbols in order to depict intricacies of the human psyche. So does the author of Sob of Strings. Her poetry thus is a celebration of versatile themes, to justify which the author, without deliberate interruption, uses a handful of corporeal symbols.
The Impact of Economic Crisis on Health of Greek Population and National Health System
Authors: Papadeli Chrysi , Filippou Adamantia , Krachtis Αgisilaos , Korsavvidis Dimitrios , Papadelis Ioannis
Published: March 2022

PURPOSE: In this paper, we investigate the impact of the economic crisis on Greece's National Health System and population health. Also included is a critical assessment of the health policies implemented, as compared with other countries, and positive proposals.
ΜETHODS: We used data from international, European, and Greek databases to conduct a literature review and to compile statistics.
RESULTS: Greece spent less on health in 2012 than it did in 2007, as money from the health sector was used for another spending. During the period 2010-2015, both the Physical Health Index and the Mental Health Index showed a significant decline.
Policy planning for health financing has become increasingly important since the crisis. In some countries, targeted policies are being implemented to protect the poor and avoid adverse employment effects.
CONCLUSIONS: A time of financial crisis tends to require more, not less, resources for health systems to meet the greater need for health care and increase reliance on publicly funded services.
During the financial crisis, fiscal and health policies differed between countries, reflecting policy decisions.
In achieving fiscal balance, it is important not to sacrifice financial protection, access, efficiency, quality, health outcomes, or equality.
Exploring Reliability and Validity for the Professional Quality of Life Scale
Authors: McClure Caitlyn
Published: March 2022

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The Professional Quality of Life (ProQOL) instrument has been in use in some variation for decades with the most recent iteration becoming available in 2009. With twelve years of changes in the workforce plus applications of the ProQOL in novel professional groups, it is critical to determine if the tool is still reliable and valid. Data obtained from specific occupational groups, specifically college resident assistants (RAs) and substance abuse professionals (SAPs), will be utilized to explore if the measure holds up to past research claiming high reliability and validity. It is possible that the RAs (n=358) and the SAPs (n=40) will be outliers from these claims due to their unique positionality in their roles or due to the amount of time that has passed since the last update of the ProQOL.
Yield, quality and plant nutrient contents of lettuce under different deficit irrigation conditions
Authors: Demir Halil , Kaman Harun , Sönmez İlker , Mohamoud Salahudin Saed , Polat Ersin , Üçok Zafer
Published: March 2022

This research was carried out in two separate periods (spring and autumn) in 2018 to reveal the lettuce response of yield, some quality, and plant nutrient content under different water stress conditions. In the study, the effects of different irrigation levels applied with traditional deficit irrigation (TI) and partial rootzone drying (PRD) techniques on lettuce growing were investigated. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. crispa cv. ‘Campania’) was used as plant material. There were traditional farmers’ method of irrigation (TF), 125% traditional irrigation (TI-125), 100% traditional irrigation (TI-100), 75% traditional irrigation (TI-75), 50% traditional irrigation (TI-50), 125% partial root-zone drying technique (PRD-125), 100% partial root-zone drying technique (PRD-100), 75% partial root-zone drying technique (PRD-75), 50% partial root-zone drying (PRD-50) technique treatments. According to the results of the research, it was determined that different water stress applications were effective on the criteria examined in lettuce. The highest total and marketable yield values were obtained from the TF application, the second-highest values from the TI-125 application, and the lowest yield from the PRD-50 in the autumn period. In the spring season, the lowest yield was obtained from TI-50 and PRD-50 applications. Based on the treatments, the yield values were decreased and changes were experienced with the increase of the water stress in other examined criteria.
Investigating the altitude impact on the eco-phytochemical parameters of Ziziphora clinopodioides and Sophora alopecuroides in the different regions of northern Iran
Authors: Khatami Moghaddam Mohammadreza , Fallah Hormoz , Niknejad Yosoof , Dastan Salman
Published: March 2022

Various environmental factors such as altitude significantly affect the pharmacological and chemical properties of the plant. Here, the effect of three different altitudes of 1800 m (Rineh region), 2300 m (Polur region) and 2800 m (Lar region) above sea level on growth traits, yield and compositions of essential oil of two medicinal plants (Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam and Sophora alopecuroides L.) during two successive years (2018 and 2019) was investigated. The results showed that increasing the altitude from 1800 to 2800 m above sea level increased the morphological traits such as height, side branch number, root length and root volume, however, decreased the dry and fresh weight of both Ziziphora and Sophora plants. In Sophora plant, increasing the altitude enhanced the yield of essential oil and the highest yield of essential oil was obtained in Lar region. However, in Ziziphora, elevating the altitude from 1800 to 2300 m decreased the yield of essential oil, but further increase to 2800 m significantly increased the yield of essential oil. In Ziziphora, the highest amount of sophoramine, sophoridane and sophocarpine compounds was obtained at 1800 m, while the highest rates of adenocarpine, vinylphenol and matridin was obtained at 2800 m. For Sophora, the highest amount of sophoramine and vinylphenol was obtained at 2300 m, while sophocarpine showed the highest rate at 2800 m. Therefore, altitude is one of the important parameters of natural ecosystems that effectively change the quantitative and qualitative parameters of medicinal plants.
Examination of morphological and molecular changes in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) seedlings with the application of tebuconazole
Authors: Öztürk Halil İbrahim , Bulut Hüseyin , Dursun Atilla
Published: March 2022

This study aims to determine the effects of tebuconazole substance used at different doses on the quality of tomato seedlings, retrotransposon mobility caused by this substance in the plants and its genotoxic effects and to determine the optimum dose to be used in practice in seedling production. Tebuconazole applied different concentrations (25, 50, 75, 100, 125 and 150 ppm) were tested. According to the study results, the seedling length and stem length significantly according to the applied doses. The study found out that the stem, leaf and root dry matter contents and leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD values) also statistically significantly changed based on the applied doses. According to the data obtained, the lowest seedling length (12.68 cm) and stem length (4.75 cm) were obtained from a dose of 150 ppm. The highest dry matter content in seedlings was obtained at a dose of 50 ppm in stem (22%) and at 0 ppm (control) in leaves (25.01%) and root. In the study, the highest leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD values) was determined at doses of 150 ppm, 125 ppm and 75 ppm, respectively. This study revealed that various doses of tebuconazole had a positive effect on controlling the height of tomato seedlings and specific quality characteristics of seedlings. In addition, molecular analyzes showed that polymorphism ratios in plants that were applied the substance at different doses varied between 4.70% and 38.09% and the GTS (genomic template stability) value varied between 61.91% and 95.30%. Analyses indicated that the polymorphism ratio increased depending on the increase in dose whereas the GTS value decreased.
X-ray tube operators can be exposed to equal or higher scattered radiation doses to the hand as cassette holders during diagnostic radiographic procedures of the equine vertebral column and limbs
Authors: Belotta Alexandra F. , Mayer Monique N. , Waldner Cheryl L. , Sidhu Narinder P. , Robinson Kate A. , Carmalt James L. , Freitas Fernando P. , Koehncke Niels K.
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVE

The objectives of this study were to investigate scattered radiation doses to the hands of equine workers holding the cassette and the x-ray tube by hand, for both limb and vertebral column studies, and to compare the scattered radiation attenuation of lead with radiation protection lead-free gloves. Radiation doses to the hands of the cassette holder in the primary beam were also investigated.

SAMPLE

A whole-body horse cadaver.

PROCEDURES

A portable x-ray unit was used to simulate 6 radiographic study types in the horse cadaver. Doses were measured with no shielding and, for cassette holders, with the ion chamber enclosed in a lead glove and a lead-free glove. Thirty exposures were performed for each study view and condition (n = 1,920).

RESULTS

Mean scattered doses to x-ray unit operators were higher than doses to cassette holders for ungula (hoof), thoracic vertebrae, and lumbar vertebrae studies, whereas doses to cassette holders were higher than doses to x-ray tube operators for studies of the metacarpophalangeal joint (fetlock) and tarsus (hock). Doses did not differ for the stifle joint. Mean percentage decrease in scattered radiation dose was 99.58% with lead gloves and 98.9% with lead-free gloves.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

X-ray tube operators can be exposed to equal or higher scattered radiation doses to the hand as cassette holders. Lead-free hand shielding should only be considered as an alternative to lead gloves if their lighter weight increases frequency of use by workers.
MicroRNAs are differentially expressed in the serum and renal tissues of cats with experimentally induced chronic kidney disease: a preliminary study
Authors: Grimes Janet A. , Lourenço Bianca N. , Coleman Amanda E. , Rissi Daniel R. , Schmiedt Chad W.
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVE

To identify differentially expressed microRNA in the serum and renal tissues of cats with experimentally induced chronic kidney disease (CKD).

SAMPLE

Banked renal tissues and serum from 4 cats.

PROCEDURES

Cats previously underwent 90-minute unilateral ischemia with delayed contralateral nephrectomy 3 months after ischemia. Tissues were collected from the contralateral kidney at the time of nephrectomy and from the ischemic kidney 6 months after nephrectomy (study end). Serum was collected prior to ischemia (baseline serum) and at study end (end point serum). Total RNA was isolated from tissues and serum, and microRNA sequencing was performed with differential expression analysis between the contralateral and ischemic kidney and baseline and end point serum.

RESULTS

20 microRNAs were differentially expressed between ischemic and contralateral kidneys, and 52 microRNAs were differentially expressed between end point and baseline serum. Five microRNAs were mutually differentially expressed between ischemic and contralateral kidneys and baseline and end point serum, with 4 (mir-21, mir-146, mir-199, and mir-235) having increased expression in both the ischemic kidney and end point serum and 1 (mir-382) having increased expression in the ischemic kidney and decreased expression in end point serum. Predicted target search for these microRNA revealed multiple genes previously shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of feline CKD, including hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, transforming growth factor-β, hepatocyte growth factor, fibronectin, and vascular endothelial growth factor A.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

MicroRNAs were differentially expressed after CKD induction in this preliminary study. Regulation of renal fibrosis in feline CKD may occur through microRNA regulation of mRNAs of pro- and anti-fibrotic genes.
How to create an engagement-friendly environment in reward-based crowdfunding?
Authors: Bielicki Marcin , Rydzewski Rafał
Published: March 2022

Crowdfunding appears to be an innovative way of fundraising various projects. Although it is a relatively new and unique way of financing, competition for potential backers increases every year. While recent works have explored the role of engagement and involvement in crowdfunding, there is still a lack of understanding of how creators can stimulate backers’ activity. Therefore the aim of this paper is to identify and classify the methods used for crowdfunding by the top creators to boost and maintain backer engagement. Drawing from the Theoretical Model of Customer Engagement and Theory of Intrinsically Motivating Instruction, we propose a theoretical model that is backer engagement-based. It presents the unique role of involvement and participation in engagement and its interrelationship with value and community involvement. We investigate the top 30 most funded campaigns on Kickstarter in the tabletop games category. Based on our cross-case study, we identify and categorise tactics that create engagement-friendly environments. Our findings suggest that over time creators tend to focus on shorter but more dynamic campaigns with the higher engagement of backers. The creators of the best campaigns use similar tactics that affect both engagement and involvement. The important but often ignored factor that influences engagement is social interaction.
A Single-Center Evaluation of Environmental Emissions from ENDS and Combustible Cigarettes
Authors: Caraway John W. , Jin Tao , Schmidt Eckhardt , Nelson Paul R.
Published: March 2022

As the use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) continues to increase, there is a need to evaluate their impact on indoor air quality. This study evaluated the differences in concentrations of volatile and particulate compounds (including formaldehyde, benzene, glycerol, propylene glycol, nicotine, and particulate matter) in secondhand vapor (SHV) after ad libitum subject vaping of cig-a-like ENDS, after-subject smoking of combustible cigarettes (CC), and after-subject non-smoking/non-vaping (blank) in an environmental test chamber. A single-center, open-label, parallel-group study was conducted. Seventy-one generally healthy smokers and vapers were randomized to one of six cohorts: Marlboro Gold Pack, Newport Box, Vuse non-menthol (14 mg nicotine/cartridge and 29 mg nicotine/cartridge), Vuse menthol (29 mg nicotine/cartridge), and market-sample ENDS. Concentrations of most secondhand constituents were similar after e-cigarette vaping and blank sessions. Constituent concentrations in SHV after ENDS use were significantly lower than in secondhand smoke (SHS) from CC, with the exception of glycerol and propylene glycol. Secondhand nicotine concentrations after ENDS use were 88–99% lower than after cigarette smoking. Emission factors between the three Vuse products were also similar with the exception of propylene glycol. Concentrations of some secondhand constituents after ENDS use were compared to existing indoor and occupational air quality guidelines and did not show potential to contribute appreciably to indoor air quality. These findings indicate that SHV from ENDS differs qualitatively and quantitatively from the SHS from CC.
Lagu Dolanan dalam Permainan Tradisional sebagai Strategi Inovasi Pendidikan Sendratasik
Authors: Bramantyo Triyono , Tjaroko Winarjo Sigro
Published: March 2022

Dolanan songs in traditional games as an innovation strategy for the art education of drama, dance, and music. This research focuses on constructing alternative learning in an innovation strategy of art education of drama, dance, and music through dolanan songs in traditional children's games. Alternative strategies are needed in providing diversification of learning because the problem that occurs in the art education of drama, dance, and music is the existence of cultural conflicts that impact the stagnation of the learning model. The choice of the dolanan song is due to its meaning and philosophy, which have aesthetic value in aspects of motion, drama, and music with the ability to adapt to the dynamics of science and technology. A library method is an approach used to construct an innovation strategy from the meaning contained in the text of children's traditional game songs. They implicitly have imaginative factors, particular messages, and aesthetic elements. Therefore, they can be relevant to the social conditions of society in the new cultural order. Based on the elaboration done in the study, three strategies are found which can answer the research problems, and are used in developing the art education of drama, dance, and music. They are as follows: firstly, the strategy of revitalizing the dolanan song in traditional children's games; secondly, the art education of drama, dance, and music is an appreciation education about aesthetic meaning; and thirdly, the formal transmission strategy of traditional transmission children's games through schools.
Kill One to Save Five? How Time Pressure, Religiosity, and Framing Effects Impact Utilitarian Judgments
Authors: Apostol Michael R. , Getz Laura M.
Published: March 2022

The dual-process model states that utilitarian judgments occur through effortful, rather than automatic, processes. In 3 studies, we built on this model by evaluating how framing effects and religiosity impact utilitarian judgments. Study 1 (N = 120) incorporated a 2 x 2 design in which participants rated the moral permissibility of a utilitarian judgment vignette, which varied in subject frame and decision time. Religiosity scores were recorded. The results indicated that moral permissibility judgments did not differ if made automatically or deliberately, F(1, 116) = 0.33, p = .57, nor were they influenced by subject frame, F(1, 116) = 0.25, p = .62, or religiosity, F(1, 116) = 1.09, p = .30. Study 2 (N = 42) addressed low ecological validity ratings of the vignette in Study 1. By comparing 5 potential utilitarian vignettes, a grocery store vignette was found to be the most ecologically valid, p < .001. Thus, Study 3 (N = 81) was a replication of Study 1 using the new vignette. To better test the dual-process model, half of the participants deliberated for 30 seconds before making a judgment about the moral permissibility of the utilitarian behavior, whereas the other half made the judgment automatically. Despite efforts to invoke effortful deliberation, the results mirrored those of Study 1, p > .05. Taken together, these 3 studies indicated that utilitarian judgments can be endorsed without deliberation, which suggests that the dual-process model needs further scrutiny. Additionally, future research should prioritize ecological validity when relying on vignettes to study moral processes.
Pengaruh Sponsorship terhadap Brand Awareness Livin’ by Mandiri (Studi pada Event E-Sport MPL ID Season 8)
Authors: Gunawan Andy , Tamburian H. H. Daniel
Published: March 2022

Sponsorship is a type of marketing or advertising that, when done correctly, can be very effective. Livin' by Mandiri, a mobile banking product that is accessible and has a target market of young people who need practicality, is one of Bank Mandiri's newest products. The purpose of this study was to know if sponsorship at the MPL ID Season 8 event influenced Livin' by Mandiri's brand awareness. Sponsorship and Brand Awareness are the variables used in this study. In this study, sponsorship has three dimensions: target audience reach, compatibility with the company's or brand's positioning, and message capacity. In this study, brand awareness has four dimensions: Unaware of Brand, Brand Recognition, Brand Recall, and Top of Mind. This study used quantitative research methods, and the population studied in this research is the MPL ID Season 8 audience, which has an average viewership 447,142 viewers. The Slovin formula was used to find the number of samples needed in this research. The data in this study indicates that sponsorship at the MPL ID Season 8 event has an effect on Livin' by Mandiri brand awareness, there is a sufficient connection between sponsorship and brand awareness, and there is a strong influence between sponsorship and brand awareness. Sponsorship merupakan salah satu cara pemasaran atau periklanan yang sangat efektif jika dilakukan dengan tepat. Salah satu produk terbaru dari Bank Mandiri adalah Livin’ by Mandiri, produk mobile banking yang dapat diakses dan mempunyai target pasar anak-anak muda yang membutuhkan kepraktisan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah sponsorship pada event MPL ID Season 8 berpengaruh terhadap brand awareness Livin’ by Mandiri. Variabel pada penelitian ini adalah Sponsorship dan Brand awareness. dimensi sponsorship adalah Target Audience Reach, Compatibility with the Company’s or Brand’s Positioning & Message Capacity. Dimensi brand awareness yaitu Unaware of Brand, Brand Recognition, Brand Recall, Top of Mind. Peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dan populasi penelitian ini adalah penonton MPL ID Season 8 yang mempunyai average viewers sebanyak 447,142 penonton. Untuk menentukan jumlah sampel yang dibutuhkan, peneliti menggunakan rumus Slovin. Hasil data pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh dari sponsorship pada event MPL ID Season 8 terhadap brand awareness Livin’ by Mandiri. Dari data penelitian ini, ditemukan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang cukup antara sponsorship dan brand awareness, dan terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara sponsorship dan brand awareness.
Makna Satire Tersembunyi dalam Iklan (Analisis Semiotika Roland Barthes pada Iklan A Mild Versi Bukan Main)
Authors: Jaufarry Stephen , Utami Lusia Savitri Setyo
Published: March 2022

This research discusses the hidden meaning of satire in the Bukan Main version of A Mild advertisement. Today many social problems occur in Indonesian society, such as violations of rules and ethics that have been established by the community. Regarding these social problems, A Mild's product made an advertisement with the title Bukan Main to insult the Indonesian people who violated the rules. Based on this background, this research's problem formulation is how the meaning of satire is depicted in the Bukan Main version of A Mild advertisement. The research objective is to find out and describe the satire's meaning in the advert A Mild version of not playing. The theoretical review used is advertising, semiotics, and satire. This study using a qualitative approach with Roland Barthes' semiotic analysis. The meaning of satire is obtained from a multilevel meaning; this idea is known as the "order of signification," which includes denotation (real meaning) and connotation (multiple meanings) and then ends in myth. This study's results indicate myths such as not caring about others, not caring about the environment, not being disciplined, and problems with social status. The conclusion is that the Bukan Main version of A Mild's ad has a hidden satire meaning that people are still not aware of and behave following existing norms or regulations.Penelitian ini membahas tentang makna satire tersembunyi dalam iklan A Mild versi Bukan Main. Pada masa sekarang banyak terdapat masalah sosial yang terjadi di masyarakat Indonesia seperti pelanggaran aturan dan etika yang sudah ditetapkan oleh masyarakat. Melihat permasalahan sosial tersebut maka produk A Mild membuat iklan dengan judul Bukan Main untuk menyindir masyarakat Indonesia yang melanggar aturan. Rumusan masalah penelitian ini adalah bagaimana makna satire yang digambarkan dalam iklan A Mild versi Bukan Main. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan makna satire yang digambarkan dalam iklan A Mild versi Bukan Main. Tinjauan teoritis yang digunakan adalah periklanan, semiotika dan satire. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan analisis semiotika Roland Barthes. Makna satire tersebut diperoleh dari pemaknaan bertingkat, gagasan ini di kenal dengan istilah order of signification yaitu yang mencakup denotasi (makna sesungguhnya) dan konotasi (makna ganda) lalu berujung pada mitos. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan mitos seperti kurang peduli dengan orang lain, tidak peduli lingkungan, tidak disiplin, dan masalah status sosial. Kesimpulannya, dalam iklan A Mild versi Bukan Main terdapat makna satire tersembunyi bahwa masyarakat masih belum menyadari dan berperilaku sesuai dengan norma-norma atau peraturan yang ada.
Pengaruh Iklan Scarlett Whitening di Aplikasi TikTok terhadap Brand Awareness Generasi Z
Authors: Halim Kezia Stephanie , Sari Wulan Purnama
Published: March 2022

The Scarlett Whitening beauty product is widely known by TikTok and Instagram users because of the ads that attract attention, but researchers are more focused on the TikTok application. The study was conducted with the aim of knowing the effect of Scarlett Whitening advertisements in the TikTok application on brand awareness of generation Z. This study used a quantitative approach using survey research methods. The research was conducted by distributing questionnaires pretest to 30 respondents after testing valid and reliable then proceeding totests posttest to 100 respondents who used the TikTok application and who were followers of the official TikTok account Scarlett Whitening. The theory used in this research is advertising and brand awareness. The data validity technique used is the classical regression assumption test, simple linear regression test, correlation analysis. The results of the correlation test with a value of 0.638, which indicates that the advertising and image variables have a strong correlation, so in this study the results obtained indicate that Scarlett Whitening ads in the TikTok application have an effect on brand awareness of generation Z.Penelitian dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh iklan Scarlett Whitening di aplikasi TikTok terhadap brand awareness generasi Z. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif menggunakan metode penelitian survei. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara menyebarkan kuesioner pretest kepada 30 responden setelah teruji valid dan reliabel kemudian dilanjutkan ke uji posttest kepada 100 responden yang menggunakan aplikasi TikTok dan yang merupakan pengikut akun TikTok resmi Scarlett Whitening. Teori yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah iklan dan brand awareness. Teknik keabsahan data yang digunakan adalah uji asumsi regresi klasik, uji regresi linier sederhana, analisis korelasi. Hasil uji korelasi dengan nilai 0,638 yang menandakan variabel iklan dan citra memiliki korelasi yang kuat, sehingga dalam penelitian ini hasil yang didapat menunjukkan bahwa iklan Scarlett Whitening di aplikasi TikTok berpengaruh terhadap brand awareness generasi Z.