bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ticari İşlerde Birlikte Borç Altına Girilmesi ve Ticari Bir Borca Kefil Olunmasının Sonuçları
Authors: çelik aytekin
Published: July 2023

TTK m. 7’nin başlığı “teselsül karinesi” olmasına rağmen söz konusu düzenlemede müteselsil borçluluk ve müteselsil kefalet karinelerinin dışında kefillerin temerrüt faizinden sorumluluğu konusunda da hükümlere yer verilmiştir. Dolayısıyla ticari işlerde birlikte borç altına girilmesi ve ticari bir borca kefil olunmasının iki ayrı sonucu bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan ilki kanun veya sözleşmede aksi öngörülmemişse birlikte borç altına giren kişilerin müteselsil borçlu, borçlu açısından ticari iş niteliğindeki bir borca kefil olan kişilerin ise müteselsil kefil olarak kabul edilmesidir. Söz konusu sonuç, teselsül karinesi olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Diğer sonuç ise borçlu açısından ticari iş niteliği taşıyan bir borca kefil olunması halinde borçlunun taahhüdünü yerine getirmediği veya ödemeyi yapmadığı hususu ihbar edilmeden kefillere temerrüt faizi yürütülememesidir.
Birlikte borçlulukta işin sadece alacaklı açısından ticari iş niteliği taşıdığı durumlarda teselsül karinesinin uygulanıp uygulanmayacağı konusunda farklı görüşler ileri sürülmektedir. Aynı şekilde birlikte borçlulukta borçluların aynı anda ve aynı işlemle borç altına girmelerinin gerekli olup olmadığı hususu da tartışmalıdır. Teselsül karinesinin kefiller açısından uygulanması konusunda da farklı görüşler bulunmaktadır. Bu konuda özellikle kefalet sözleşmesinde müteselsil sorumlu olma konusundaki iradenin kefilin kendi el yazısıyla yazılmasına ilişkin TBK m. 583/1’deki düzenlemenin TTK m. 7/2’de düzenlenen teselsül karinesinin kefiller açısından uygulanması konusunda da aranıp aranmayacağı hususunda doktrinde farklı görüşler ileri sürülmüştür.
Aynı şekilde TTK m. 7/1’de düzenlenen kefillere temerrüt faizi yürütülmesi için ihbar şartı arayan düzenlemeye genel hükümlerde yer verilmemesi söz konusu düzenlemenin ticari iş niteliği taşımayan borçlarda uygulanıp uygulanmayacağı hususunda farklı görüşlerin ileri sürülmesine sebep olmuştur.
Bu çalışmada öncelikle birlikte borçluluk halinde teselsül karinesinin uygulanması konusunda açıklamalara yer verilecektir. Akabinde ise ticari bir borca kefil olunması halinde teselsül karinesinin uygulanması ve kefillere temerrüt faizi yürütülebilmesi için ödemenin veya taahhüdün yerine getirilmediği hususunda yapılacak ihbar konusunda değerlendirmeler yapılacaktır.
6831 sayılı Orman Kanunu nda Düzenlenen Orman Yakma Suçları
Authors: Sert Şeyma
Published: July 2023

Ormanlar, ekosistemin en önemli parçalarındandır. Orman yangınları ise orman varlığının azalmasındaki en
büyük etkendir. 6831 sayılı Orman Kanunu’nda düzenlenmiş olan orman yakma suçları, kanundaki en ağır cezayı
gerektiren suçlardır. Bu çalışmanın konusu, Orman Kanunu’nun 110. maddesinde düzenlenen taksirle orman
yangınına sebebiyet verme suçu, kasten orman yakma suçu ve ormanda izinsiz ateş yakma suçlarıdır. Bu
kapsamda suçlar, maddi ve manevi unsur, hukuka aykırılık, kusurluluk ve suçun özel görünüş şekilleri,
muhakemeye ilişkin kurallar, yaptırım ve zamanaşımı bakımından incelenmektedir. Ayrıca çalışmada, orman
yakma suçlarının konusu olan orman kavramından neyin anlaşılması gerektiği belirlenmektedir. Bu çalışmanın
amacı, ulusal düzenlemeler, öğretideki görüşler ve yargı kararlarından faydalanılarak orman varlığının
azalmasındaki en büyük sebep olan orman yakma suçlarının açıklanmasıdır. Yargı kararları, özellikle, bir fiilin,
hangi durumlarda ormanda izinsiz ateş yakma suçlarını hangi durumlarda taksirle orman yangınına sebebiyet
verme suçunu teşkil ettiğinin ayrımında yardımcı olmaktadır.
„Wir können keine Versuchsstadien bewerten“
Authors: Krost Heidrun
Published: July 2023

Brüssel wird nachgesagt, neuartige Lebensmittel auszubremsen. Die Zahl der Novel Food-Anträge hat sich zuletzt verzehnfacht. Bei In-vitro-Fleisch aber ist die Wirtschaft noch nicht soweit, sagt Wolfgang Gelbmann von der Europäischen Behörde für Lebensmittelsicherheit.
Greenyard Prepared kündigt Führungswechsel an
Authors: Krönert Alrun
Published: July 2023

Die auf Convenience-Produkte spezialisierte Sparte Prepared des Fruchtkonzerns Greenyard bekommt einen neuen Chef. Der bisherige Finanzchef Johnny Van Holzaet ist zum Nachfolger des langjährigen CEO Dominiek Stinckens ernannt worden.
EU-Kommission stellt Verfahren gegen Agecore und Coopernic ein
Authors: Bender Hanno
Published: July 2023

Die Brüsseler Wettbewerbshüter haben ihre Vorermittlungen gegen die Handelsallianzen Agecore und Coopernic beendet. Die Behörde sieht keine Anzeichen für negative Auswirkungen durch die Verhandlung der Händler auf europäischer Ebene - im Gegenteil.
Fleisch aus dem Tank
Authors: Adelhardt Andrea
Published: July 2023

Upside Foods und Good Meat haben die letzte Hürde für die Marktzulassung genommen. Sie produzieren und verkaufen in den USA ab sofort zellgezüchtetes Hühnerfleisch. Mit der Zulassung könnte die Technologie weltweit Fahrt aufnehmen. Deutschland und Europa zögern noch. Andrea Adelhardt
Woolworth denkt Werbung neu
Authors: Klug Denise
Published: July 2023

Woolworth lässt Teleshopping-Expertin Kati Conrads Produkte präsentieren. Das ist eine unübliche Kampagne für das Traditionsunternehmen.
Braugerste in Europa heterogen
Authors: Hofnagel Dagmar
Published: July 2023

Winsen/Aller. Besonders die Sortierungen der Ware lassen in diesem Jahr zu wünschen übrig. Dies dürfte sich auf die verfügbare Menge auswirken.
Kriza vladavine prava u svetlu „nužnosti” zaštite nacionalnog (ustavnog) identiteta
Authors:   University of Belgrade Faculty of Law, Serbia, Drča Marko
Published: July 2023

The creation of a European identity through respect for the values of the national system is simultaneously accompanied by a weakening of the (European) rule of law. It was believed that countries close to the European Union share the same values as it, that is, that their common values represent a guarantee of stability. However, it turned out to be the opposite. The desire of the European Union to contribute to the progress of the region through the policy of conditionality encountered the obstacle of protecting the principle of national (constitutional) identity on the part of the member states (Hungary and Poland), which gave the outlines of the beginning of the rule of law crisis with such an approach. While the first part of the work will be devoted to the theoretical and practical importance of national (constitutional) identity and the rule of law through the construction of European Union politics, both internal and external, the second part will be based on Hungary and Poland and their criminal slippages from the core of all the values of the European Union – the rule of law.
Application of article 4 of the European convention in the case law of the European court of human rights - between forced labor and human trafficking
Authors:   University of Belgrade Faculty of Law, Serbia, Todić Anđelija
Published: July 2023

The European Union perceived the case of hundreds of Vietnamese working in the Chinese factory „Linglong” in Serbia as forced labor and potential human trafficking for the purpose of labor exploitation. This case and European interpretation imply a deeper issue. How to qualify this situation – as forced labor, human trafficking or forced labor and human trafficking? Answering this question, the author observes a contradiction in the understanding of the relationship between forced labor and human trafficking in the instruments of the International Labor Organization, on one side, and the instruments of the United Nations, the Council of Europe and the European Union, on the other side. Using the method of conceptual analysis, the author tries to determine the border between these concepts (and whether it even exists), concluding the key is not in the differences between the terms, but in when it is necessary to distinguish them, emphasizing the reasoning of the European Court of Human Rights – instead of disputes about qualifications, priority should be given to protecting victims of violations of Article 4 of the European Convention.
Development of Teaching Material to Support Merdeka Curriculum on the Acid-Base of Phase F
Authors: Fadila Rahmi , Mawardi Mawardi , Suryani Okta
Published: July 2023

This research aims to develop teaching materials to support Merdeka curriculum learning on acid-base phase F SMA/MA material that is valid and practical. This educational development research uses the Plomp model developed by Tjeerd Plomp. The development procedure includes the initial investigation and development or prototyping stages. The subjects in this study were UNP chemistry lecturers, SMA Negeri 2 Padang teachers, and Phase F students of SMA Negeri 2 Padang. The research instruments used validation sheets and teacher and learner response questionnaires. The results of this study indicate that teaching materials to support Merdeka curriculum learning on acid-base phase F SMA / MA material that has been developed and assessed by five expert validators are on valid criteria with an average of 0.86, an efficient category in teacher responses by obtaining a percentage of 87%, and student responses by obtaining a percentage of 97%. This teaching material is proven to increase students' learning motivation and understanding, as well as facilitate teachers and students in the learning process of the Merdeka curriculum.
Construcción y gestión de infraestructuras sanitarias a través de modelos de colaboración público-privada
Authors: Larios Risco David , Lomas Hernández Vicente
Published: July 2023

Este trabajo ha obtenido el 2.º Premio Estudios Financieros 2008 en la Modalidad de DERECHO CONSTITUCIONAL Y ADMINISTRATIVO.
El impacto de las nuevas fórmulas de colaboración público-privada en la construcción y financiación de infraestructuras sanitarias públicas resulta innegable, y así lo atestigua la vigente Ley de Contratos del Sector Público al incorporar el nuevo contrato administrativo de colaboración público-privada. En este trabajo se subraya la importancia creciente de este fenómeno, su canalización a través de las distintas opciones que contempla nuestro ordenamiento jurídico, su equivalencia con los proyectos más interesantes puestos en marcha por algunas Comunidades Autónomas, y se estudian las principales repercusiones que la implantación de estos modelos tienen en los diferentes ámbitos de la gestión administrativa.
El sistema para la autonomía personal y atención a la dependencia
Authors: Pérez Castillo Rafael
Published: July 2023

La Ley 39/2006, de 14 de diciembre, de Promoción de la Autonomía Personal y de Atención a las Personas en situación de dependencia (en adelante, LAAD), trata de dar respuesta a la creciente necesidad de mecanismos que den cobertura a situación de dependencia, cuyas dificultades se ven incrementadas no solamente por razones demográficas, sino por razones de carácter sociológico que se producen en el seno de la sociedad española. Para lograr esta finalidad, la LAAD configura un Sistema Nacional de Dependencia, el cual se articula sobre una base de participación, cooperación y coordinación de las distintas Administraciones públicas.
La LAAD se ampara en el artículo 149.1.1.ª de la Constitución Española, conforme a su disposición final séptima, regulándose las condiciones básicas que garanticen una igualdad en las posiciones jurídicas fundamentales de quienes se encuentran en situación de dependencia, para el ejercicio de sus derechos y deberes constitucionales, ya que es, precisamente, el ejercicio efectivo de sus derechos y deberes lo que ve obstaculizado por su situación de dependencia. Asimismo, el reparto competencial realizado por la Constitución Española en el artículo 148.1.20.ª habilita a las Comunidades Autónomas para asumir competencias en sus Estatutos en materia de Asistencia Social, así como para llevar a efecto la articulación entre el Estado y las Comunidades Autónomas en la LAAD mediante mecanismos de cooperación y coordinación para garantizar las condiciones básicas a que se refiere la LAAD en su articulado para toda la ciudadanía española en cuanto al contenido mínimo común garantizado por la Administración General del Estado, acordado en el seno del Consejo Territorial de la Dependencia, aprobado posteriormente mediante real decreto, y financiado por el Estado –una especie de «mínimos de mínimos»–; una intensidad o nivel superior de prestaciones derivadas de los convenios bilaterales suscritos entre el Estado y las Comunidades Autónomas no debiendo olvidarse que la LAAD supone un Cuarto Pilar en el Estado del Bienestar, junto con los sistemas nacionales de salud, seguridad social y educación.
Dalis Dalios
Authors: Bernotienė Gintarė
Published: July 2023

Valentinas Sventickas, Dalios Grinkevičiūtės dalia: monografija. Vilnius: Lietuvos rašytojų sąjungos leidykla, 2022, ISBN 978-609-480-346-8
Analisis Data Angin Permukaan Di Bandar Udara Budiarto Dengan Menggunakan Metode Wind Rose Untuk Meningkatkan Keselamatan Terbang Taruna
Authors: Alfaridzi Muhammad Aulia Nafi' , Endrawijaya Ika , W. Arsanto Noorwahyu
Published: July 2023

Kondisi angin mempengaruhi tahapan take off, cruising, dan landing dalam penerbangan. Untuk mengetahui kondisi angin diperlukan analisis tentang angin permukaan, begitu pula di Bandara Budiarto yang menjadi lokasi latihan terbang beberapa sekolah penerbangan. Salah satunya adalah Politeknik Penerbangan Indonesia Curug (PPIC). Guna efisiensi dan optimalisasi jadwal latihan terbang dan demi keselamatan para taruna penerbangan, penelitian ini penting untuk dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh angin permukaan di Bandara Budiarto terhadap kegiatan latihan terbang bagi taruna PPIC, untuk mengetahui keadaan angin yang ideal untuk kegiatanlatihan terbang taruna dengan fase solo dan mutual, serta untuk mendapatkan hasil analisis tren angin permukaan setiap bulannya. Untuk itu, digunakan metode wind rose. Penelitian deskriptif analitis ini dilakukan dengan. tahapan observasi, perumusan masalah, pengambilan data, tabulasi data, dan pengolahan data. Data dikumpulkan dengan teknik menghitung dan membuat tabel frekuensi relatif arah dan kecepatan angin. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan membuat diagram arah dan kecepatan angin menggunakan metode wind rose dengan bantuan dari aplikasi WRPLOT. Hasilnya adalah angin permukaan di Bandara Budiarto dapat dikategorikan aman untuk latihan terbang taruna PPIC. Kecepatan angin dengan persentase tertinggi adalah angin dengan kecepatan di bawah 10 knots (94,6%). Arah angin dengan persentase tertinggi adalah dari arah 225° sampai dengan 255° (13,15%). Waktu yang disarankan untuk melakukan latihan terbang solo dan mutual bagi taruna PPIC adalah pada bulan April sampai dengan Oktober.
PENGARUH PRODUK, KUALITAS PELAYANAN DAN EXPERIENTIAL MARKETING TERHADAP KEPUASAN NASABAH PADA KSPPS BINA SYARIAH UMMAH KABUPATEN LAMONGAN
Authors: Nur Irawan Mohamad Rizal
Published: July 2023

Kepuasan konsumen merupakan salah satu hal  yang harus selalu diperhatikan oleh sutau perusahaan.. kepuasan konsumen  merupakan salah faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap keuntungan perusahaan, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menjelaskan tentang produk, kualitas pelayanan dan experiental marketing terhadap kepuasan nasabah pada KSPPS Bina Syariah Ummah Kabupaten Lamongan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini seluruh nasabah  pada KSPPS Bina Syariah Ummah dengan jumlah sampel penelitian sebanyak 100 sampel yang dihitung dengan menggunakan rumus slovin. Teknik analisis data yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan teknik sampel teknik probability sampling. Analisis dilakukan dengan cara menyebarkan angket/kuisioner.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa Variabel produk secara parsial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan nasabah , sehingga hipotesis yang menyatakan produk  berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan nasabah  diterima. Variabel kualitas pelayanan  secara parsial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan nasabah, sehingga hipotesis yang menyatakan kualitas pelayanan  berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan nasabah  diterima. Variabel experiential marketing secara parsial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan nasabah , sehingga hipotesis yang menyatakan experiential marketing berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan nasabah  diterima. Sedangkan secara simultan variabel produk, kualitas pelayanan dan experiental marketing secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan nasabah . Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa persepsi pelanggan mengenai produk, kualitas pelayanan dan experiental marketing  tergolong baik.
Transparencia algorítmica en los medios de comunicación y las plataformas digitales
Authors: Pauner Chulvi Cristina
Published: July 2023

La transparencia algorítmica ha cobrado especial relevancia en el contexto de la información y la comunicación porque la utilización de algoritmos en medios de comunicación y plataformas está absolutamente extendida e integrada en todos sus aspectos. La falta de transparencia sobre el uso de estas herramientas matemáticas unida a las características intrínsecas de los algoritmos ha provocado efectos negativos en el contexto del periodismo como la dificultad de cumplir con su función de perro guardián y de las plataformas contribuyendo a la difusión de desinformación, la censura de contenidos o la explotación ilegal de datos. Por ello, las disposiciones que está adoptando la Unión Europea en materia de transparencia algorítmica constituyen un avance para mitigar los riesgos de la manipulación informativa y garantizar los derechos de los usuarios.
Las obligaciones de transparencia de las Autoridades de protección de datos: un requisito indispensable para su independencia
Authors: Arenas Ramiro Mónica
Published: July 2023

El derecho fundamental a la protección de datos personales goza de una garantía adicional a los tradicionales mecanismos de garantía de los derechos fundamentales como son las Autoridades de control. Nos centraremos aquí en analizar el porqué de su existencia, su organización y funciones. El objetivo es constatar la necesidad de que estas Autoridades administrativas independientes cumplan con las exigencias de transparencia no sólo por ser Administraciones públicas, sino porque por su especial naturaleza jurídica y su carácter independiente se han convertido en una realidad necesaria en las sociedades actuales, reforzando, en último término, la garantía de derechos fundamentales en el sector que regulan o asesoran, fortaleciendo así nuestros Estados.
Greenhouse gas effects on the solar cycle response of water vapour and noctilucent clouds
Authors: Vellalassery Ashique , Baumgarten Gerd , Grygalashvyly Mykhaylo , Lübken Franz-Josef
Published: July 2023

Abstract. The responses of water vapour (H2O) and noctilucent clouds (NLCs) to the
solar cycle are studied using the Leibniz Institute for Middle Atmosphere
(LIMA) model and the Mesospheric Ice Microphysics And tranSport (MIMAS)
model. NLCs are sensitive to the solar cycle because their formation depends
on background temperature and the H2O concentration. The solar cycle
affects the H2O concentration in the upper mesosphere mainly in two
ways: directly through the photolysis and, at the time and place of NLC
formation, indirectly through temperature changes. We found that H2O
concentration correlates positively with the temperature changes due to the
solar cycle at altitudes above about 82 km, where NLCs form. The photolysis
effect leads to an anti-correlation of H2O concentration and solar
Lyman-α radiation, which gets even more pronounced at altitudes
below ∼ 83 km when NLCs are present. We studied the H2O
response to Lyman-α variability for the period 1992 to 2018,
including the two most recent solar cycles. The amplitude of Lyman-α
variation decreased by about 40 % in the period 2005 to 2018 compared to
the preceding solar cycle, resulting in a lower H2O response in the
late period. We investigated the effect of increasing greenhouse gases
(GHGs) on the H2O response throughout the solar cycle by performing
model runs with and without increases in carbon dioxide (CO2) and
methane (CH4). The increase of methane and carbon dioxide amplifies the
response of water vapour to the solar variability. Applying the geometry of
satellite observations, we find a missing response when averaging over
altitudes of 80 to 85 km, where H2O has a positive response and a negative
response (depending on altitude), which largely cancel each other out. One main finding
is that, during NLCs, the solar cycle response of H2O strongly depends on
altitude.
Machine learning of Antarctic firn density by combining radiometer and scatterometer remote sensing data
Authors: Li Weiran , Veldhuijsen Sanne B. M. , Lhermitte Stef
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Firn density plays a crucial role in assessing the surface mass balance of the Antarctic ice sheet. However, our understanding of the spatial and temporal variations in firn density is limited due to i) spatial and temporal limitations of in situ measurements, ii) potential modelling uncertainties, and iii) lack of firn density products driven by satellite remote sensing data. To address this gap, this paper explores the potential of satellite microwave radiometer (SMISS) and scatterometer (ASCAT) observations for assessing spatial and temporal dynamics of dry firn density over the Antarctic ice sheet. Our analysis demonstrates a clear relation between density anomalies at a depth of 4 cm and fluctuations in satellite observations. However, a linear relationship with individual satellite observations is insufficient to explain the spatial and temporal variation of snow density. Hence, we investigate the potential of a non-linear Random Forest (RF) machine learning approach trained on radiometer and scatterometer data to derive the spatial and temporal variations in dry firn density. In the estimation process, ten years of SSMIS observations (brightness temperature), ASCAT observations (backscatter intensity), and polarisation and frequency ratios derived from SSMIS observations are used as input features to a random forest (RF) regressor. The regressor is first trained on time series of modelled density and satellite observations at randomly sampled pixels, and then applied to estimate densities in dry firn areas across Antarctica. The RF results reveal a strong agreement between the spatial patterns estimated by the RF regressor and the modelled densities. The estimated densities exhibit an error of ± 10 kg m−3 in the interior of the ice sheet and ± 20 kg m−3 towards the ocean. However, the temporal patterns show some discrepancies, as the RF regressor tends to overestimate summer densities, except for high-elevation regions in East Antarctica and specific areas in West Antarctica. These errors may be attributed to underestimations of short-term (or seasonal) variations in the modelled density and the limitation of RF in extrapolating values outside the training data. Overall, our study presents a potential method for estimating unknown Antarctic firn densities using known densities and satellite parameters.
Parallel SnowModel (v1.0): a parallel implementation of a Distributed Snow-Evolution Modeling System (SnowModel)
Authors: Mower Ross , Gutmann Ethan D. , Lundquist Jessica , Liston Glen E. , Rasmussen Soren
Published: July 2023

Abstract. SnowModel, a spatially distributed, snow-evolution modeling system, was parallelized using Coarray Fortran for high-performance computing architectures to allow high-resolution (1 m to 100’s of meters) simulations over large, regional to continental scale, domains. In the parallel algorithm, the model domain is split into smaller rectangular sub-domains that are distributed over multiple processor cores using one-dimensional decomposition. All of the memory allocations from the original code have been reduced to the size of the local sub-domains, allowing each core to perform fewer computations and requiring less memory for each process. A majority of the subroutines in SnowModel were simple to parallelize; however, there were certain physical processes, including blowing snow redistribution and components within the solar radiation and wind models, that required non-trivial parallelization using halo-exchange patterns. To validate the parallel algorithm and assess parallel scaling characteristics, high-resolution (100 m grid) simulations were performed over several western United States domains and over the contiguous United States (CONUS). The CONUS scaling experiment had approximately 71 % parallel efficiency; runtime decreased by a factor of 32 running on 2304 cores relative to 52 cores (the minimum number of cores that could be used to run such a large domain as a result of memory and time limitations). CONUS 100 m simulations were performed for 21 years (2000–2021) using 46,238 and 28,260 grid cells in the x and y dimensions, respectively. Each year was simulated using 1800 cores and took approximately 5 hours to run.
Replicating the Hadley Cell and subtropical jet disconnect in idealized atmospheric models
Authors: Menzel Molly E. , Waugh Darryn W. , Wu Zheng , Reichler Thomas
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Recent work has shown that variability of the subtropical jet's (STJ) latitude, ΦSTJ is not coupled to that of the Hadley Cell (HC) edge, ΦHC, but the robustness of this disconnect has not been examined in detail. Here, we use meteorological reanalysis, comprehensive climate models, and an idealized atmospheric model to determine the necessary processes for a ΦHC and ΦSTJ disconnect. We find that a decoupling can occur in a dry general circulation model, indicating that large-scale dynamical processes are sufficient to reproduce the metrics' relationship. It is therefore not reliant on explicit variability in the zonal structure, convection, or radiation. Rather, the disconnect requires a sufficiently accurate climatological basic state. Further, we confirm that the robust disconnect between ΦSTJ and ΦHC across the model hierarchy reveals the features' differing sensitivities to midlatitude eddy momentum fluxes; ΦHC is consistently coupled to the latitude of maximum eddy momentum flux but the ΦSTJ is not.
An optimized semi-empirical physical approach for satellite-based PM2.5 retrieval: embedding machine learning to simulate complex physical parameters
Authors: Jin Caiyi , Yuan Qiangqiang , Li Tongwen , Wang Yuan , Zhang Liangpei
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Satellite remote sensing of PM2.5 (fine particulate matter) mass concentration has become one of
the most popular atmospheric research aspects, resulting in the development
of different models. Among them, the semi-empirical physical approach
constructs the transformation relationship between the aerosol optical depth
(AOD) and PM2.5 based on the optical properties of particles, which has
strong physical significance. Also, it performs the PM2.5 retrieval
independently of the ground stations. However, due to the complex physical
relationship, the physical parameters in the semi-empirical approach are
difficult to calculate accurately, resulting in relatively limited accuracy.
To achieve the optimization effect, this study proposes a method of
embedding machine learning into a semi-physical empirical model (RF-PMRS).
Specifically, based on the theory of the physical PM2.5 remote sensing
(PMRS) approach, the complex parameter (VEf, a columnar
volume-to-extinction ratio of fine particles) is simulated by the random
forest (RF) model. Also, a fine-mode fraction product with higher quality is
applied to make up for the insufficient coverage of satellite products.
Experiments in North China (35∘–45∘N, 110∘–120∘E) show that the surface PM2.5 concentration
derived by RF-PMRS has an average annual value of 57.92 µg m−3 vs. the ground value of 60.23 µg m−3. Compared with the original method, RMSE decreases
by 39.95 µg m−3, and the relative deviation is reduced by
44.87 %. Moreover, validation at two Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) sites presents a time series
change closer to the true values, with an R of about 0.80. This study is
also a preliminary attempt to combine model-driven and data-driven models,
laying the foundation for further atmospheric research on optimization
methods.
Can the combining of wetlands with reservoir operation reduce the risk of future floods and droughts?
Authors: Wu Yanfeng , Sun Jingxuan , Hu Boting , Xu Y. Jun , Rousseau Alain N. , Zhang Guangxin
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Wetlands and reservoirs are important water flow and storage regulators in a river basin; therefore, they can play a crucial role in mitigating flood and hydrological drought risks. Despite the advancement of river basin theory and modeling, our knowledge is still limited about the extent to which these two regulators could perform such a role, especially under future climate extremes. To improve our understanding, we first coupled wetlands and reservoir operations into a semi-spatially explicit hydrological model and then applied it in a case study involving a large river basin in northeast China. The projection of future floods and hydrological droughts was performed using the hydrological model during
different periods (near future: 2026–2050, middle century: 2051–2075, and
end century: 2076–2100) under five future climate change scenarios. We found that the risk of future floods and hydrological droughts can vary across different periods – in particular, it will experience relatively large increases and slight decreases. This large river basin will experience flood events of longer duration, with larger peak flows and volume, and of enhanced flashiness compared to the historical period. Simultaneously, the hydrological droughts will be much more frequent, with longer durations and more serious deficits. Therefore, the risk of floods and droughts will, overall, increase further under future climate change even under the combined influence of reservoirs and wetlands. These findings highlight the hydrological regulation function of wetlands and reservoirs and attest that the combining of wetlands with reservoir operation cannot fully eliminate the increasing future flood and drought risks. To improve a river basin's resilience to the risks of future climate change, we argue that the implementation of wetland restoration and the development of accurate forecasting systems for effective reservoir operation are of great importance. Furthermore, this study demonstrated a wetland–reservoir integrated modeling and assessment framework that is conducive to risk assessment of floods and hydrological droughts and that can be used for other river basins in the world.
Estimating the effects of meteorology and land cover on fire growth in Peru using a novel difference equation model
Authors: Podschwit Harry , Jolly William , Alvarado Ernesto , Markos Andrea , Verma Satyam , Barreto-Rivera Sebastian , Tobón-Cruz Catherine , Ponce-Vigo Blanca
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Statistical analyses of wildfire growth are rarely undertaken, particularly in South America. In this study, we describe a simple and intuitive difference equation model of wildfire growth that uses a spread parameter to control the radial speed of the modeled fire and an extinguish parameter to control the rate at which the burning perimeter becomes inactive. Using data from the GlobFire project, we estimate these two parameters for 1003 large, multi-day fires in Peru between 2001 and 2020. For four fire-prone ecoregions within Peru, a set of 24 generalized linear models are fit for each parameter that use fire danger indexes and land cover covariates. Akaike weights are used to identify the best-approximating model and quantify model uncertainty. We find that, in most cases, increased spread rates and extinguish rates are positively associated with fire danger indexes. When fire danger indexes are included in the models, the spread component is usually the best choice, but we also find instances when the fire weather index and burning index are selected. We also find that grassland cover is positively associated with spread rates and extinguish rates in tropical forests, and that anthropogenic cover is negatively associated with spread rates in xeric ecoregions. We explore potential applications of this model to wildfire risk assessment and burned area forecasting.
Semi-automatic mapping of shallow landslides using free Sentinel-2 images and Google Earth Engine
Authors: Notti Davide , Cignetti Martina , Godone Danilo , Giordan Daniele
Published: July 2023

Abstract. The global availability of Sentinel-2 data and the widespread coverage of cost-free and high-resolution images nowadays give opportunities to map, at a low cost, shallow landslides triggered by extreme events (e.g. rainfall, earthquakes). Rapid and low-cost shallow landslide mapping could improve damage estimations, susceptibility models and land management. This work presents a two-phase procedure to detect and map shallow
landslides. The first is a semi-automatic methodology allowing for mapping
potential shallow landslides (PLs) using Sentinel-2 images. The PL aims to
detect the most affected areas and to focus on them an high-resolution mapping and further investigations. We create a GIS-based and user-friendly methodology to extract PL based on pre- and post-event normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) variation and
geomorphological filtering. In the second phase, the semi-automatic
inventory was compared with a benchmark landslide inventory drawn on
high-resolution images. We also used Google Earth Engine scripts to
extract the NDVI time series and to make a multi-temporal analysis. We apply this procedure to two study areas in NW Italy, hit in 2016 and 2019 by extreme rainfall events. The results show that the semi-automatic mapping based on Sentinel-2 allows for detecting the majority of shallow landslides larger than satellite ground pixel (100 m2). PL density and distribution match well with the benchmark. However, the false positives (30 % to 50 % of cases) are challenging to filter, especially when they
correspond to riverbank erosions or cultivated land.
HUBUNGAN DUKUNGAN PETUGAS KESEHATAN, DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DAN PENGETAHUAN IBU DENGAN PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF
Authors: Metrianah  , Minata Fika , Amalia Rizki , Pratiwi Rahmadhani Sendy , Rohaya
Published: July 2023

ABSTRAK

 

Upaya Pemerintah untuk mendukung peningkatan dalam pemberian ASI eksklusif telah di keluarkannya kesepakatan atau berbagai pengakuan baik secara global ataupun nasional yang bertujuan melindungi, mempromosi, dan dukungan terhadap pemberian ASI. Demikian diharapkan setiap bayi berhak mendapatkan ASI Eksklusif dan setiap ibu dapat memberikan ASI. Ini sesuai dengan tujuan Sustainable Depeloment Goals (SDGs) ke tiga target kedua yaitu pada tahun 2030, mengakhiri kematian bayi dan balita dapat dicegah, dengan seluruh Negara berusaha menurunkan angka kematian neonatal setidaknya hingga 12 per 1000 kelahiran hidup. Penelitian ini bertujuan ingin mengetahui hubungan dukungan petugas kesehatan, dukungan keluarga dan pengetahuan ibu dengan Pemberian ASI Eksklusif di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Muara Enim Kota Muara Enim Tahun 2022. Metode pada penelitian ini menggunakan cross sectional dengan populasi 467 responden dan sampel sebanyak 82 responden. Analisis data menggunakan uji statistik chi square dengan p value ≤ nilai α (0,05). Hasil penelitian ini dari 49 responden yang mendapatkan dukungan positif dengan pemberian ASI Eksklusif sebanyak 29 orang (59,2%%) dengan p value = 0,002, dari 31 responden yang mendapatkan dukungan keluarga positif dengan pemberian ASI Eksklusif sebanyak 19 orang (61,3%) p value = 0,02, sedangkan, dari 27 responden yang berpengetahuan baik dengan pemberian ASI Eksklusif sebanyak 19 orang (70,4%) p value = 0,002. Bidan diharapkan meningkatkan penyuluhan dan mensosialisaikan program pemberian ASI Eksklusif pada Masyarakat.
ANALISIS KASUS COC AKUPRESURE TITIK SI 1 DAN ST36 UNTUK MELANCARKAN ASI DI PMB HESTI TULANG BAWANG
Authors: Supihat Ike
Published: July 2023

Provinsi Lampung pada tahun 2018 tercatat memiliki AKI sebesar 148 per 100.000 KH. Nilai AKI tersebut belum mencapai target yang ditetapkan SDGs. Upaya membantu percepatan penurunan AKI yang dapat dilakukan adalah melakukan asuhan secara berkelanjutan atau Continuity of Care. Asuhan berkelanjutan ini mulai ANC, INC, PNC,BBL dan KB. Laporan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan asuhan kebidanan sesuai standar serta dapat memberikan asuhan komplementer. Studi kasus ini menggunakan metode analisis kasus berupa asuhan kebidanan kepada 3orang pasien sebagai responden. Laporan ini menggunakan intervensi asuhan komplementer akupresure titik SI 1 dan ST36  untuk melancarkan ASI yang dilakukan di hari pertama nifas dengan  melakukan tekanan searah jarum jam sebanyak 30-40x yang dilakukan sehari dua kali selama 4 hari. Hasil studi kasus menunjukkan sebagian besar asuhan telah diberikan sesuai standar, dan setelah dilakukan akupresure titik SI 1 dan ST36 terjadi peningkatan volume ASI. Diharapkan seluruh bidan dapat melakukan asuhan kebidanan secara berkelanjutan dan komplementer.
CONSTRUÇÃO DE TECNOLOGIA EDUCACIONAL PODCAST PARA PROMOÇÃO DO ALEITAMENTO MATERNO
Authors: Franco Maurilo de Sousa , Santos Jéssika Roberta Firme de Moura , Moreira William Caracas , Veloso Milena Leite , Brito Adriele de Alemida , Lima Luisa Helena de Oliveira
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: descrever a experiência de construção de uma tecnologia educacional do tipo podcast para a promoção do aleitamento materno. Método: estudo descritivo, resultado da experiência da construção de uma tecnologia educacional desenvolvida em quatro etapas: 1) pesquisa bibliográfica; 2) seleção do conteúdo; 3) criação do roteiro e gravação e 4) disponibilização. Resultados: elaborou-se, o PueriCast: simplificando a amamentação, com tecnologia educacional digital, com as orientações para a promoção do aleitamento materno. Conclusão: infere-se, que o desenvolvimento de tecnologias digitais, como a relatada neste estudo, agregam como instrumentos de educação em saúde a serem empregados pelo enfermeiro para a promoção, proteção e apoio ao aleitamento materno.
Exploring Study of Magnetic and Electrical Properties of Tl3+ Doped Co0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4 Spinel Ferrites
Authors: Ahmad Touseef , Islam M. U. , Gul I.H , Mahmood Baig Mutawara , Ajmal M.
Published: July 2023

Co0.5Ni0.5Fe2-xTlxO4 (x=0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2) spinel ferrites were prepared via the sol-gel technique. The XRD analysis revealed a single-phase spinel structure. The lattice constant ‘a’ increased from 8.223-8.269Å with doping of Tl+3 due to larger ionic radii of Tl+3 than Fe+3 ions. The mass susceptibility at 300K decreased from 7.46 x 10-3-4.15 x 10-3 cm3/g due tothe weakening of AB interactions followed by a decrease in Curie temperature from 453K to 408K. The electrical permittivity follows the Maxwell-Wagner model and Koop’s theory. The dc resistivity of ferrites at 300K increased from 1.82x109-9.23x109 ?-cm with increasing Tl+3 contents due to increased hopping lengths. The activation energy obtained from Arrhenius plots increased from 0.126 to 0.131eV, increasing Tl+3contents
Perancangan Arsitektur Data Untuk Mendukung Integrasi Sistem Informasi Pada IKM Gula Semut (Studi Kasus Koperasi “XYZ”)
Authors: Ratwiyanti Puji , Rosyidi Rahman
Published: July 2023

Kecepatan, ketersediaan serta integrasi informasi pada industri merupakan inti dari revolusi industri 4.0. Penggunaan TI/SI merupakan salah satu jalan dalam kontribusiuntuk menjawab tantangan revolusi industry 4.0. Pemilihan TI/SI yang tepat acapkali menjadi pekerjaan yang cukup berat, terutama untuk IKM yang bahkan belum bisa mendeskripsikan dengan baik kebutuhan data dan informasinya. Pengelolaan informasi untuk industri gula semut dari hulu ke hilir masih menggunakan cara manual. Koperasi “XYZ”, Sebuah koperasi yang yang fokus memproduksi gula semut, tumbuh berkembang di Banyumas, koperasi ini memberdayakan sekitar 28.030 orang penderes (petani nira) dan 880 orang pengrajin gula semut. Untuk menjawab tantangan revolusi industri 4.0 Koperasi “XYZ” perlu melakukan perancangan Arsitektur Data dan Informasi agar kedepannya dapat menentukan TI/SI yang tepat untuk diterapkan. Dalam penelitian ini akan dilaksanakan Perancangan Arsitektur Data dan Informasi dengan menggunakan kombinasi 2 dari 7 tahap pada metode EAP dan dan 2 dari 8 tahap Rekayasa Informasi. Selain itu penelitian ini didukung dengan penggunaan tools: Value Chain Analysis, Functional Flowchart Diagram, Matriks Proses Bisnis Vs Organisasi, Matriks Proses Bisnis VS Kelas Data dan Matriks Identifikasi Aliran Data. Penelitian ini berhasil menemukan 22 proses bisnis, 26 Kelas Data yang digolongkan dalam 5 proses utama yang dirangkum dalam sebuah Arsitektur Data.
Analisis Prioritas Perbaikan Kendaraan Mobil Bengkel Mandalika Dengan Analytic Hierarchy Process
Authors: Rozi Muhamad Fahrul , Heriyanto Lucky
Published: July 2023

Sistem Pendukung Keputusan (SPK) merupakan sistem yang dapat memberikan pemecahan masalah, melakukan komunikasi untuk pemecahan masalah tertentu dengan terstruktur maupun tidak terstruktur. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) metode ini merupakan alat bantu sistem pendukung keputusan yang dinilai luas untuk penyelesaian problem keputusan multikriteria. Penggunaan AHP dapat menyelasikan permasalahan yang kompleks menjadi lebih sederhana dan bisa mempercepat proses pengambilan keputusannya. Bengkel Mandalika merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang jasa perbaikan dan servis kendaraan roda empat. Permasalahan yang sekarang yang dihadapi oleh Bengkel Mandalika adalah untuk menentukan prioritas perbaikan fisik kendaraan roda empat. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini menentukan prioritas perbaikan fisik kendaraan, maka perlu dirancang suatu sistem pendukung keputusan dengan menggunakan metode AHP dengan menerapkan kriteria dan alternatif. Sedangkan kriteria dan alternatif yang digunakan untuk membentuk model hirarki AHP, terdiri dari kriteria : biaya, waktu, spare part, dan mekanik). Alternatif terdiri dari: kendaraan A kendaraan B, kendaraan C, Kendaraan D). Dimana hasil dari SPK menggunakan AHP menjadi dasar dalam penentuan bobot perbandingan kriteria dan alternatif yang digunakan. Sehingga penentuan prioritas perbaikan kendaraan di Bengkel Mandalika.
Back in the Time when Prut was not a Border. Toponymic Testimonies of The Romanian Unity
Authors: Butnaru Daniela
Published: July 2023

A territory inhabited for centuries by the same people was divided, for political reasons, using the Prut River as a border. The villages with their estates and the families who lived there were dramatically separated by the water course that became the boundary. We continue, in this text, to provide examples of toponyms that recall such villages that were on both banks of the Prut.
The Semantic-Syntactic Scheme of Synonymous Verbs in Romanian
Authors: Constantinovici Elena
Published: July 2023

In the article, an attempt is made to study the synonym relations of the verb through the prism of its semantic-syntactic scheme, knowing that the verb renders the entire communication situation that includes the process and its relations with the participants of the described event. It was followed how, from this point of view, how the verbs of synonymous series are differentiated and whether the actant structure influences the choice of the synonym. As a result of the research, it was demonstrated that the advantages of the analysis of the homosemy relationship with the involvement of the semantic-syntactic scheme of the verbs are obvious, and the synonymy of the verb can be treated with more precision. The actantial scheme represents the conceptual configuration of the verb. And the syntactic scheme represents the combinatory availabilities of the verb. By superimposing them, one can trace all the directions in which a verb governs its determiners. So it is easy to see the movements of synonymous verbs in the contexts in which they appear.
Principles of Functional Grammar
Authors: Barbuta Ion
Published: July 2023

Unlike traditional grammar which focuses primarily or even exclusively on linguistic forms and structures rather than their use in communication, functional grammar is centered on meaning and function. This type of grammar privileges the study of the communicative functions of the language, following the analysis of each language unit through the prism of meaning and the function performed by it in the communication process. The method of functional-semantic fields is applied to the study and description of language facts, which involves examining the units of different levels of the language by grouping them based on their common function. The principles of the description from a functional perspective of the grammatical structure of the language presuppose the operation of clear distinctions in the case of examining the semantic structure of words and their classification. At the same time, a correlation of the semantic structure of the words with their morphosyntactic behavior is required.
The Chisinau „Phonogram Archive of Dialectal Speech” in General Romanian and European Context
Authors: Popovschi Liliana
Published: July 2023

In dialectology, the phonogram archive represents a corpus of dialectal texts recorded with the aid of technical means (phonograph, gramophone, pathephone, tape recorder, etc.) and stored on various media such as tapes or discs. It is a way of presenting and preserving dialectal facts. From 1899, sound archives were created in Vienna, Zürich, Paris, Bucharest. The Chisinau „Phonogram Archive of Dialectal Speech” was made up between 1957 and 1965, during the „Moldavian Linguistic Atlas” survey. The archive’s collection, including dialectal speech samples recorded in Romanian-speaking communities of the Republic of Moldova, Ukraine, the Russian Federation, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, contributes to complete the image of the Romanian language, considered under the aspect of its diatopic, as well as diastratic or diaphasic variation, but it can also be used as a documentary source for the research of many other problems of linguistics, ethnography, folkloristics, history, etc. These sound documents are elements of Romanian and European cultural heritage that need to be protected, exploited and highly valued.
The Contribution of acad. Silviu Berejan in the Development of Modern Semasiology
Authors: Bahnaru Vasile
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to the contribution of acad. Silviu Berejan to the development of lexicology and semasiology, which, examining the lexical-semantic system of the language, identified the existence, between two or more vocabulary units, of some lexical-semantic relations in the plane of expression - of homolexia, paralexia and heterolexia and in the plane of the content - of homosemy, parasemy and heterosemy, and we managed to identify a new relationship - of parasemolexia, i.e. the simultaneous existence of a lexical-semantic relationship between the level of expression and that of content.
Anglicisms in DOOM3 : Registration and Norming
Authors: Caruntu-Caraman Livia
Published: July 2023

Being a dynamic system, the language continuously evolves and perfects its means of expression simultaneously with the transformations in society and technological progress. Currently, the foreign lexical elements, especially from English, represent one of the main sources of enriching the Romanian language vocabulary. As long as the use of Anglicisms cannot be prevented, they must be recorded in a correct form, with recommendations regarding their adaptation to the norms of the language. In the present study, we examine the behavior of Anglicisms in the third edition of DOOM with special reference to orthography, pronunciation and grammatical usage indications (articulation, plural formation). We analyze the words taken from the English language that have recently acquired a wider circulation in the actual use and have penetrated into certain domains such as information technology, the business environment, science, entertainment, fashion.