bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CLASSIFYING "CULTURE" IN INDONESIAN SECONDARY PUBLIC EDUCATION EFL TEXTBOOKS
Authors: Akmal Saiful , Nashriyah Nashriyah , Fauza Najmiatul , Chamisah Chamisah , Syahabuddin Khairiah
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the categorization of cultural materials and the sense of the culture of two "Bahasa Inggris 2017 updated edition" English textbooks for grades X and XI in senior high school in Indonesian secondary education. This study examines which cultures are exemplified in the textbooks and how they are characterized. The study's design follows a qualitative descriptive design through content analysis. Both the "categories of culture" approach of Cortazzi and Jin (1999) and the "sense of culture" approach of Adaskou, Britten, and Fahsi (1990) were used in the present study. The data showed that the Bahasa Inggris tenth-grade textbook focused more on source culture instead of the target culture and international culture. Nonetheless, in the Bahasa Inggris eleventh-grade textbook, the target culture is more dominant than the source and international cultures. In both books, the pragmatic sense dominated the aesthetic, semantic, and social sense. This study also uncovered an imbalance in the number of cultural categories exhibited. This study proposes that writers of EFL textbooks should accommodate a balanced representation of source culture, target culture, and international culture, as well as provide an excellent four-cultural sense in the textbooks.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini menyelidiki kategorisasi bahan budaya dan pemahaman budaya dari dua buku teks bahasa Inggris "Bahasa Inggris 2017 edisi terbaru" untuk kelas X dan XI di sekolah menengah atas dalam pendidikan menengah di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menguji budaya mana yang diwakili dalam buku teks dan bagaimana budaya tersebut dikarakterisasi. Desain penelitian ini mengikuti desain deskriptif kualitatif melalui analisis konten. Pendekatan "kategori budaya" dari Cortazzi dan Jin (1999) serta pendekatan "pemahaman budaya" dari Adaskou, Britten, dan Fahsi (1990) digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Data menunjukkan bahwa buku teks bahasa Inggris kelas sepuluh lebih fokus pada budaya sumber daripada budaya target dan budaya internasional. Namun, dalam buku teks bahasa Inggris kelas sebelas, budaya target lebih dominan daripada budaya sumber dan budaya internasional. Pada kedua buku tersebut, pemahaman pragmatik mendominasi pemahaman estetika, semantik, dan sosial. Penelitian ini juga menemukan ketidakseimbangan dalam jumlah kategori budaya yang ditampilkan. Penelitian ini mengusulkan bahwa penulis buku teks bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa asing sebaiknya menyertakan representasi yang seimbang dari budaya sumber, budaya target, dan budaya internasional, serta menyediakan pemahaman budaya yang baik dalam empat aspek dalam buku teks.How to Cite: Akmal, S., Nashriyah, Fauza, N., Chamisah, Syahabuddin, K. (2023). Classifying "Culture" in Indonesian Secondary Public Education EFL Textbooks. IJEE (Indonesian Journal of English Education), 10(1), 83-105. doi:10.15408/ijee.v10i1.29924
Assessment of bacteriocin producing Enterococcus faecium HZ as adjunct culture to improve the aroma formation and antimicrobial activity in white-brined cheese
Authors: Ozturkoglu-Budak S. , Arkadaş M. , Yıldırım Z. , Avşar Y.K.
Published: August 2023

Cultures used in dairy products make it possible to obtain standard industrial products. However, they all provide a uniform taste and aroma. Generally, non-starter lactic acid bacteria (NSLAB) isolated from raw-milk or artisanal cheeses offer varied sensory characteristics when integrated in cheese provided that biosafety criteria are met. Enterococcus faecium HZ was previously isolated from traditional Turkish cheese and determined to have strong antibacterial activity as well as no gelatinase and hemolysis activities. In this study, this strain was used as adjunct culture in white-brined cheese to improve the physicochemical, textural, and aromatic properties, as well as antimicrobial activity. Cheeses with E. faecium HZ had a higher sensory score, which could be due to the aroma-active compounds produced by this strain. The incorporation of E. faecium HZ also improved the microbial quality of cheeses and showed an inhibitory effect via a stable enterocin production on indicator microorganisms.
A hagyományos kínai orvoslás – akupunktúra – alkalmazásának lehetőségei a perioperatív időszakban.
Authors: Szűcs Orsolya , Soós Sándor , Darvas Katalin , Szijártó Attila
Published: July 2023

A kínai orvostudomány több ezer éves múlttal rendelkező, holisztikus szemléletű
gyógymód. Összetett hatásmechanizmusa nem ismert pontosan, ennek ellenére számos
kutatás igazolta hatását. Napjainkban a betegek és az orvosok nyitottá váltak a
komplementer medicina iránt, azonban a perioperatív időszakban alkalmazható
akupunktúra még nem terjedt el hazánkban. A szerzők célja a hagyományos kínai
gyógymódok közül elsősorban az akupunktúra és a lézerakupunktúra alkalmazásának
ismertetése a műtétek körüli időszakban. A műtétet megelőző szorongásoldás, a
műtét alatti és az azt követő fájdalom és hányinger, hányás csillapítása
alapvető aneszteziológiai feladat, az elfogadott gyógyszeres terápia azonban az
akupunktúra bármely technikájával kiegészíthető. Az akupunktúra számos tanulmány
alapján hatékonyan csökkenti a posztoperatív hányinger előfordulását,
anxiolyticus és analgetikus hatású lehet, emellett műtéti stressz által
kiváltott gyulladáscsökkentő hatása is megfigyelhető. A pontkiválasztás
szabályai alapján, megfelelő technikával végzett kezelésnek ritkán áll fenn
kontraindikációja, alacsony kockázattal, fájdalommentesen vagy enyhe
tűszúrásérzés kiváltásával kivitelezhető beavatkozás. Mindezek alapján a
multimodális terápia részévé válhat. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(30): 1187–1193.
Modeling dependence of normalized difference vegetation index on atmospheric and water indicators in Kirkuk
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Tyrsin Alexander ,   Science and Engineering Center "Reliability and Resource of Large Systems and Machines", Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Hasan Hasan Ahmed Mohammed ,   Ural Federal University
Published: August 2023

Climatic conditions and vegetation cover are among the most important environmental factors on which the existence of life on our planet depends. Climate change and military actions have led to progressive land degradation in the Republic of Iraq. As a result, the area of arable land is reduced, soil fertility is reduced, salinization and desertification of soils occur, and the displacement of herbaceous plants by shrubs. To solve the urgent problem of stopping land degradation, it is necessary to study the causes of this and find appropriate solutions by predicting the state of vegetation cover and create a comprehensive monitoring system for quantifying vegetation degradation. The issues of analysis of the relationship between vegetation cover and climatic conditions in the province of Kirkuk of the Republic of Iraq are considered. The Normalized difference vegetation index was used to assess the condition and distribution of the vegetation cover. The popularity of using this index is explained by the fact that it usually correlates with many indicators of the state of the ecosystem, including temperature, precipitation, humidity, evaporation and mineral or organic saturation of the soil, productivity and biomass of vegetation, etc. The purpose of the article is to study the relationship between the normalized difference vegetation index and atmospheric and water indicators of the local level in the province of Kirkuk in the Republic of Iraq for 12 years from 2010 to 2021, as well as to search for a mathematical model that can be used to predict vegetation cover for the coming years. through some climatic indicators that affect vegetation cover. A regression dependence of the normalized difference vegetation index on climatic conditions was built, its quality indicators were studied. It is shown that the resulting mathematical model can be used to predict the normalized difference vegetation index. The results of forecasting by the model for the next 2022 turned out to be satisfactory.
Decision support system for power cable insulation vulcanization production line management
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Dyatlov Ilya
Published: August 2023

The paper proposes a structural model of a decision support system for controlling a cable insulation continuous vulcanization line. The proposed decision support system is based on a mathematical model of the cable insulation continuous vulcanization technological process, a database, and a mode correction algorithm. The DSS will make it possible to quickly develop a new regime in case of using new materials or structures, as well as to correct the current regime in case of unplanned changes during the production process. The core of the DSS is the proposed mathematical model, which is based on conservation laws and is presented as a system of differential equations closed by boundary conditions. The vulcanization process is described taking into account the temperature-time dependence of the kinetic parameters, which made it possible to take into account the uneven heating of the cable, both in the radial direction and along the length. The numerical implementation of the differential mathematical model made it possible to carry out a systematic analysis of the nature of the processes in the vulcanization pipe and to evaluate the influence of various technological, structural and material parameters on the cable insulation vulcanization completion degree. As a result of the analysis, significant parameters were identified that significantly affect the vulcanization process completion degree. Based on the obtained numerical results, technological parameters dependence technological surfaces on the geometry of the product and the properties of the materials used were constructed, a regression mathematical model was proposed that allows determining the values of the process control parameters without resorting to the use of a differential mathematical model. Based on the results of the analysis, an algorithm for correcting the technological regime is proposed, taking into account only significant process parameters. The proposed algorithm allows you to adjust the value of the isolation rate, depending on external influences and deviations from the specified parameters. The results of the study can be used in the production of cable and wire products with vulcanizable insulation, when it is necessary to quickly select the optimal technological mode, take into account changes in the cable design, properties of the insulation material, as well as possible pressure deviations inside the vulcanization pipe.
The accuracy of coding for sports-related concussion in New Zealand: An observational study
Authors: Poloai Logan , Fulcher Mark , Reid Duncan
Published: August 2023

The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of the Accident Compensation Corporation codes in a cohort of patients with sports-related concussion. Of particular interest were the codes registered by physiotherapists who may suspect sports-related concussion but are not permitted to diagnose it. Coding accuracy was assessed through review of Accident Compensation Corporation data, clinical notes, and referral letters for a cohort of patients seen in a New Zealand-based sports concussion clinic. Of 296 patients with a clinical diagnosis of sports-related concussion, 51.7% had a concussion-related code. General practitioners coded for concussion in 67.3% of cases for whom they submitted the Accident Compensation Corporation code, District Health Board health professionals (hospitalists) in 47.6%, and physiotherapists in 8.7%. A non-concussion-related code was used by physiotherapists in 87.5% of cases despite them suspecting sports-related concussion as per the study criteria. Use of the Accident Compensation Corporation codes to determine incidence and cost may substantially underestimate the true burden of sports-related concussion. There appears to be an opportunity to improve the accuracy of this coding. Engaging with physiotherapists and improving the process through which health providers are able to update codes are potential strategies.
Gender disadvantage in physiotherapy
Authors: Cullen Julie
Published: August 2023

Gender inequality exists in healthcare, resulting in a gendered division of labour where women generally receive lower pay and status in the industry than male health professionals. This critical review will examine the state of gender disadvantage in health work and physiotherapy using feminist theories and exposing social norms and beliefs that allow these practices to be perpetuated. Gender disadvantage within the physiotherapy profession is explored, demonstrating gender disparity permeating through career lifespans from training to retirement, including, among others, differences in career specialisation, workplace violence, and unequal treatment of patients. Using historical references, the evolution of gender discrimination and disruption is reviewed. In understanding these factors, a pathway can be exposed to move towards gender equality within our profession.
Redimensionando la noción de Ciencia a través de la complejidad: contribuciones de la psicología y la cibernética
Authors: Mejía Ríos Jennifer , Díaz Téllez Ángel Saúl , Sepúlveda Casadiego Yulian Adalberto
Published: August 2023

En este artículo de reflexión, se analiza la evolución de la noción de Ciencia a través de diversos paradigmas de pensamiento, desde los orígenes filosóficos hasta el pensamiento complejo. El objetivo es reflexionar sobre la Ciencia desde la perspectiva de la complejidad y cómo la psicología y la cibernética contribuyen en este sentido. Se empleó una metodología cualitativa de corte hermenéutico y fenomenológico utilizando un enfoque documental y empleando una ruta heurística para analizar los datos obtenidos. La principal conclusión destaca la importancia de comprender la Ciencia desde la perspectiva de la complejidad, lo que implica un enfoque transdisciplinario y una interpretación aguda de las realidades, reconociendo la multiplicidad de sistemas y fenómenos que conforman la realidad. En lugar de uniones e intersecciones, se propone la mediación como concepto y fenómeno deinterés, abordado mediante una visión orgánica, de integración y vinculación. La originalidad del texto radica en ofrecer una perspectiva crítica de la Ciencia desde el pensamiento complejo, permitiendo una comprensión que expande la potencialidad de la complejidad en relación con los fenómenos y sistemas que caracterizan el mundo contemporáneo.                  Además, se enfatiza la importancia de la mediación como herramienta clave para la integración de saberes en la construcción de significados de la Ciencia y los campos                          del conocimiento. Las implicaciones de esta investigación son relevantes para una comprensión profunda de la Ciencia, así como para la integración de diferentes saberes                          en la construcción de nuevos conocimientos.
Conversion of Cellulose to 5-HMF in the Presence of Silica-Alumina Catalysts Synthesized by Dual Template at Low Temperature
Authors: HOŞGÜN Halit Levent , TOPÇU Özlem , HOŞGÜN Emir Zafer , BOZAN Berrin
Published: August 2023

In this study, which incorporates many principles of green chemistry (use of renewable feedstocks, catalysis, improvement of energy efficiency, and harmless solvents and auxiliaries), the single-phase catalytic conversion of cellulose to 5-HMF in over silica-alumina catalysts was investigated. A series of dual-template silica-alumina catalysts with CTAB as the main template and F127 or triethylamine (TEA) as the co-template were synthesized at a low temperature of 60 °C and characterized by XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption technique, FT-IR and pyridine adsorption FT-IR. The surface area is increased by using the second template in silica-alumina catalyst. In addition, the acidity of the surface was changed by using the second template. The cellulose conversion and yield of 5-HMF increased from 36% to 52% and from 3.13% to 4.24%, respectively, due to the properties gained by using the second template. 52% cellulose conversion and 8.13% selectivity of 5-HMF were obtained in aqueous medium, 220 °C and 6 h reaction time with the catalyst using TEA as co-template. Eco-friendly silica catalysts synthesized at low temperatures with a dual template can be considered as a potential alternative for the conversion of cellulose into value-added biobased products.
The Effect of Royal Jelly on Irisin in Experimentally Diabetic Rats
Authors: ÇAKIR Selcen
Published: August 2023

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is considered a very common health problem today. It causes many acute and chronic complications and negatively affects the quality of life of patients. It is known that diabetes has an impact on many biochemical processes. This study aimed to evaluate the interaction between royal jelly (RJ) and diabetes with irisin, a parameter that has not been investigated before. The study was planned with 3 groups: control group, DM group, DM+350 mg/kg RJ group. In the experiments, 18 female Wistar albino rats were studied. Irisin levels in rat blood serum were determined using the ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay) method. Glucose levels in blood taken from the tail vein were determined with a glucometer. As a result of the experimental study, a statistically significant difference was found in the DM+350 mg/kg RJ group compared to the control group (p
Geostatistical Ore Body Modeling on Uranium Mineralization in Remaja Sector, Kalan Area, West Kalimantan
Authors: Ciputra Roni Cahya , Heriawan Mohamad Nur , Syaeful Heri , Kamajati Dhatu , Rahmawati Putri
Published: August 2023

Manual ore body modeling on Remaja Sector, Kalan, West Kalimantan generally takes a long time and is subjective. On the other hand, automatic modeling (implicit modeling) is faster, objective, and equipped with uncertainty factors. This study aimed to analyze the comparison between the geostatistical Sequential Indicator Simulation (SIS) ore body model to the manual ore body model. The lithology database was used as input for variogram analysis and SIS simulation. The directional variogram was used to construct an experimental variogram for the lithology with orientation data. The orientation of the lithologies corresponds to the anisotropy of their variogram map. The SIS was carried out in  Block A and Block B with block sizes of 6×6×6 m3 and 5×5×5 m3 respectively. The simulation results were processed to produce a lithology probability model. By using maximum probability as block lithology, simulation results were well validated by the composite database histogram, the lithologies along the tunnel on the geological map of level 450 masl of Eko Remaja Tunnel., and the lithologies along boreholes. The weakness of the geostatistical ore body model was the results depending on the input parameters. Meanwhile, several advantages of the geostatistical ore body model were a faster processing process, equipped with an uncertainty factor, and the block size of the model has taken into account the distance between grade data so that it can be used directly for grade estimation. Quantitatively, the geostatistical ore body model had a higher average percentage of conformity to the lithology of the mineralized zone along the borehole than the manual ore body model.
“Love in the Time of War”. Contra Autonomy of the Political
Authors: Kaspe Sviatoslav
Published: July 2023

The political as a category and politics per se involves the war — historically and substantively, but ambivalently. The war, according to Schmitt, is the basic premise of politics, and politics is war, at least in potency; at the same time, politics is a way to limit war, delay it, suspend it, or at least civilize it. This was essentially the aim of the process of political autonomy, during which a meaningful revision of the concept of autonomy made it almost indistinguishable from the notion of sovereignty. Decisive theoretical turn in this direction was performed by Kant. After a long pause filled with the rise and decline of national, nationalist, and totalitarian projects, Kantian political praxis has become an almost universally binding standard in the West. By now, however, it is clear that the possibilities of political autonomy as a means against war have been exhausted — a palliative, not a panacea. War is irremovable from the political, even an autonomous one. The author suggests that the solution to the deadlock may be a partial de-autonomization of the political, returning the notion of autonomy to the pre-Kantian content, consisting in the opening access into the political for at least some non-political values, and subordinating it to the latter. The author shows that such a value can become love — in its Christian understanding, not identical and not orthogonal, but directly antagonistic regarding to the war. The author demonstrates that the well-known phenomenon of the civil religion is an effective institutional channel for partial de-autonomization of the political. The author insists that his considerations are not yet another version of political theology, as they are grounded within the boundaries of mere reason.
Are New Approaches to Horror Really New? Review of the Book Edited by E. Falvy, J. Hickinbottom and J. Wroot
Authors: Pavlov Alexander
Published: July 2023

Review of: Falvey, E., J. Hickinbottom, and J. Wroot, eds. 2020. New Blood: Critical Approaches to Contemporary Horror. Wales: University of Wales Press.
CONTRIBUTION OF SPORT TOURISM AND SPORT EVENTS TO SOCIALIZATION BETWEEN SOCIETIES A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: YÜCEL Ali Serdar , KUYUCU Mihalis Michae , DÜZ Ozan
Published: July 2023

Introduction: The contribution of sports tourism and sports events to socialization between societies is very important. This field brings people from different cultures together, allowing them to communicate, interact and unite over a common interest. Sports tourism also involves people traveling to different destinations and participating in sporting events. International sporting events, such as major events like the Olympic Games or the World Cup, bring people together from different countries. These events allow people to experience and understand different cultures and traditions. Sports tourism also takes people to different communities and regions, helping them to discover local life and interact with local people. Sport events provide an opportunity for people to share the experience of playing and watching sports together. During a sporting event, people focus on a common goal, such as supporting the same team or competing with fans of the opposing team. By coming together around this common goal, people bond together and improve their social relationships. Sporting events bring people together in situations where they would otherwise be separated and give them the opportunity to share a common passion. Sporting events also teach people values such as teamwork and fair play. Being part of a team or cooperating with other players during a sporting event improves people's social skills and strengthens their ability to conform to social norms. In addition, sports tourism and sporting events can provide economic, communication, cultural and other benefits to the countries and societies where they take place. Purpose: In this study, it is aimed to determine the dimensions of the contribution of sports tourism and events to socialization between societies. Method: The method of this study is a literature review and an examination of the studies on the subject included in the literature. The studies on the subject in the literature were examined and interpreted and concluded. Conclusion: Sports tourism and sporting events are an important tool for socialization between societies. These areas bring people from different cultures together and enable them to communicate and interact. They also teach values such as teamwork and fair play. Sporting events contribute to the development of social relations by providing an environment that unites people. In addition, they bring significant cultural, economic and other values to the region and country where the event is organized. When the studies and findings in terms of literature are examined, it is seen that sporting events contribute to many issues and areas, and that these contributions provide positive support for regional and social integration and benefit creation.
OVERVIEW OF POLYPHONY AND NATIONALISM IN EUROPE, OTTOMAN AND OTTOMAN TÜRKİYE
Authors: TOPÇU Ömer Yusuf
Published: July 2023

Aim: This research investigates the relationships between the folk songs, which are the roots of choral music in Turkey, and the qualities in polyphony practices were questioned and the approaches with which they were polyphonic were investigated from a quantitative perspective. Method: Under the titles of melody and harmony of polyphonic works; The use of major-minor scales, pentatonic and maqam transitions, dynamic and expression terms, triad, multiplication, scoredorg, double-quadruple-quintet harmony were evaluated by quantitative analysis method, findings and results were obtained and interpreted. Polyphony practices in choral works, whose source is folk songs, have been researched with a comparative perspective. Findings: In order to eliminate the problems arising from modality while the works in which Turkish music maqam scales are used are polyphonic, different from the triple harmony system, which was defined by Kemal İlerici (1910-1986), it was formed by the overlapping of the quartets and based on the Hüseyni maqam. It was determined that the quartet harmony system was also used. Conclusion: Folk songs and polyphonic choral works that take them as a source show affinity in terms of musical characteristics. The words of the material have undergone few changes, some of them have been given a canonical structure, dynamic and expressive indicators have been added. Chromatic transitions, double, quadruple and quintuple intervals are used cyclically on SATB lines.
Immunostaining of corticostriatal culture on fluid-walled dumbbells v1
Authors: Do Quyen
Published: August 2023

This protocol describes the immunocytochemistry of the iPSC-derived corticostriatal culture on fluid-walled dumbbells.
Intravagal AAV injection in mice v1
Authors: Ulusoy Ayse
Published: August 2023

The protocol details AAV vector injections into the mouse vagus nerve and describes pre and post-operative mouse handling.
Fluorescence intensity analyses v1
Authors: Ulusoy Ayse
Published: August 2023

Fluorescence intensity analyses
Example v1
Authors: Griego Chasz
Published: August 2023

abstract
sample_prep_serum.nan v1
Authors: KB NAN
Published: August 2023

This is a modified protocol for a protein precipitation method for plasma/serum samples. This protocol was originally proposed by: See also:
Sterilizer (Consolidated SR-24A) v2
Authors: Bennett Rebecca , Weerasuriya Nimalka
Published: August 2023

How to use a Sterilizer/Autoclave (general)
Indirect Proximity Ligation Assay (PLA) - Brightfield v1
Authors: Ulusoy Ayse
Published: August 2023

Indirect Proximity Ligation Assay (PLA) is a powerful molecular technique used to detect and visualize protein-protein interactions, protein modifications, and protein complex formations within cells or tissues. This method is based on the principles of proximity-dependent ligation and utilizes specific antibodies to detect the nitration of proteins on free-floating brain sections. Here we describe the PLA protocol that we routinely use in our laboratory to detect nitrated alpha-synuclein and nitration of mitochondrial enzymes such as SOD2 and the mitochondrial complex 1 subunit NDUFB8.
Pythium Zoospore Production Soaking Solution v1
Authors: M Weerasuriya Nimalka
Published: August 2023

Creation of soaking solutions for Pythium myriotylum to be used for large-scale zoospore production.
WU sn-prep Protocol for solid tumors- ATAC v2.7 v1
Authors: Caravan Wagma
Published: August 2023

Single nuclei dissociation protocol for snATAC-seq
Whole-Genome Amplification of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) using Illumina CovidSeq reagents for Next-Generation Sequencing v2
Authors: Davina-Nunez Carlos
Published: August 2023

This protocol has been tested for amplification of RSV-positive nasopharyngeal swabs of CT value up to 24 using Seegene Allplex Respiratory Panel (Seegene Inc, Seoul, South Korea). This protocol does not require prior subtyping as it covers RSV-A and RSV-B in the same reaction. Panel of primers is an optimisation of a previously published panel by Wang et al. This panel was modified to optimise the multiplex PCR, so the whole genome can be amplified in just two PCR reactions. In addition to this, primers have been modified to account for commonly-occurring mutations in the 22-23 season that affect primer-binding areas and were causing suboptimal amplification. These primers were used to cover the complete hRSV genome (both A and B) by splitting into two pools of non-consecutive amplicons (odd-numbered amplicon primers in one pool, even-numbered amplicon primers in other). This allowed for Whole-genome amplification in two reactions. Illumina CovidSeq (Illumina Inc, San Diego, USA) reagents were used for the RT-PCR, with a mix previously published for amplification of Influenza RNA and a thermocycling program optimised in our lab. The library preparation part of the protocol was performed according to the Illumina CovidSeq protocol.
Localised axotomy of human Cortical Neurons (CNs) from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) v1
Authors: Do Quyen
Published: August 2023

This protocol describes the process followed to perform localised axotomy of iPSC-derived human cortical axons cultured within fluid-walled dumbbells in 6 cm TCT-treated Petri dishes. A similar protocol was first described by Soitu et al., 2020 to perform wounds assays in monolayer cell cultures.
Cross-validation for local-linear regression by observations from mixture
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Horbunov Daniel , Maiboroda Rostyslav ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: August 2023

We consider a generalization of local-linear regression for estimation of compnents' regression functions by observations from mixture with varying concentrations. A cross-validation technique is developed for the bahdwidth selection. Performance of the obtained estimator is compared with the modified Nadaraya-Watson estimator performance by simulations.
Subregional Anelastic Attenuation Model for California
Authors: Buckreis Tristan E. , Stewart Jonathan P. , Brandenberg Scott J. , Wang Pengfei
Published: August 2023

Ground-motion models (GMMs) typically include a source-to-site path model that describes the attenuation of ground motion with distance due to geometric spreading and anelastic attenuation. In contemporary GMMs, the anelastic component is typically derived for use in one or more broad geographical regions such as California or Japan, which necessarily averages spatially variable path effects within those regions. We extend that path modeling framework to account for systematic variations of anelastic attenuation for ten physiographic subregions in California that are defined in consideration of geological differences. Using a large database that is approximately doubled in size for California relative to Next Generation Attenuation (NGA)-West2, we find relatively high attenuation in Coast Range areas (North Coast, Bay area, and Central Coast), relatively low attenuation in eastern California (Sierra Nevada, eastern California shear zone), and state-average attenuation elsewhere, including southern California. As part of these analyses, we find for the North Coast region relatively weak ground motions on average from induced events (from the Geysers), similar attenuation rates for induced and tectonic events, and higher levels of ground-motion dispersion than other portions of the state. The proposed subregional path model appreciably reduces within-event and single-station variability relative to an NGA-West2 GMM for ground motions at large distance (RJB>100  km). The approach presented here can readily be adapted for other GMMs and regions.
Disinvesting in Food
Authors:   , Zaidi Farwa , Pinsky Clara
Published: August 2023

Philadelphia has a long and tragic history of redlining and disinvestment, impacting African American residents at disproportionate rates. Neighborhoods where African Americans and other communities of color have lived have lost opportunities to green spaces, clean air, quality education, and healthy food retailers. Redlining and disinvestment can also lead to higher rates of crime, violence, and policing. The relationship between redlining, food access, and incarceration shows the way marginalized groups have been targeted by unjust policing and unhealthy circumstances. This thesis examines the relationship between redlining, food access, and incarceration in Philadelphia neighborhoods. By speaking with field experts in food access, food justice, and the carceral justice system, I present a case study of Philadelphia and how decades of disinvestment have led to neighborhoods with low access to quality healthy foods and high rates of pedestrian stop and frisk incidents, gentrification, and policing. I then offer four recommendations for policymakers nationwide to end disinvestment and increase food access: reduce poverty, create accessible and affordable food production, address the impacts of climate change on food, and reverse the links between food, policing, and incarceration.
Fen Bilgisi Öğretmen Adaylarının Fark Etme Becerilerini Ölçmeye Yönelik Bir Aracın Tasarlanması
Authors: İNALTUN Hüseyin
Published: July 2023

Fen bilgisi öğretmenlerinin farklı türde çok sayıda etmenin yer aldığı öğrenme ortamlarında öğrencilerin fen ile ilişkili düşüncelerine katılmaları, analiz etmeleri ve öğretimlerinin bir sonraki adımını planlamaları gerekmektedir. Fark etme becerisi olarak isimlendirilen bu beceriler yetkin bir öğretmenin etkili bir şekilde yerine getirmesi gereken uygulamalardır. Ancak öğretmen ve öğretmen adaylarının bu becerileri hakkında veri toplamak için araştırmalarda kullanılan video kamera ve video klip gibi araçların yüksek maliyetli ve zaman açısından verimsiz olmaları yapılacak çalışmaları güçleştirmektedir. Bu sebeple bu çalışmanın iki amacı vardır: (1) fen bilgisi öğretmen adaylarının fark etme becerilerini ölçmek için uygulanması kolay, düşük maliyetli ve zengin bir veri sağlayan geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı geliştirmek ve (2) fen bilgisi öğretmen adaylarının fark etme becerilerinin seviyesini belirlemektir. Bu doğrultuda araştırma sorgulama bağlamında ve elektrik devreleri içeriğinde öğrenci deney raporları tasarlanarak veri toplama aracı olarak kullanılmıştır. Ölçeğin geçerlik çalışması için uzman görüşü alınmış ve fen bilgisi öğretmen adaylarıyla pilot çalışması yapılmıştır. Kodlama listesi ve rubrikler kullanılarak analizler sırasında kodlayıcılar arası güvenirlik sağlanmıştır. Sonuçlar tasarlanan öğrenci deney raporlarının fen bilgisi öğretmen adaylarının fark etme becerilerini ölçmek için geçerli ve güvenilir olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca, fen bilgisi öğretmen adaylarının fark etme becerilerinin yeterince iyi bir seviyede olmadığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Buna göre fen bilgisi öğretmen adayları çoğunlukla öğrencilerin fen ile ilişkili olan düşünceleri yerine daha genel öğelere katılım göstermiş, öğrencilerin düşünceleri ve becerilerine katılım gösterdiği öğeleri genellikle düşük bir seviyede analiz etmiş ve öğrenmenin bir sonraki adımını planlamada yeterince etkili olamamışlardır. Ulaşılan sonuçlara göre tasarlanan ölçme aracının kullanımı ve fen bilgisi öğretmen adaylarının fark etme becerilerine ilişkin önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Acromegalic Arthropathy and Ossification of the Yellow Ligament Treated with an Interlaminar Full-Endoscopic Approach: A Case Report
Authors: Alves Pedro , Oliveira Estela , Curto David , Ueta Renato , Puertas Eduardo
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Acromegalic arthropathy is a cause of morbidity and functional disability, affecting large peripheral joint, especially the spine. Affected patients can suffer from lumbar and sciatic pain, with or without radiculopathy. Due to the severe arthrosis, stenosis with ossification of the ligamentum flavum can often occur. Patient history: This study presents a 57-year-old patient with acromegalic arthropathy resulting from a growth hormone secreting pituitary macroadenoma. He was previously submitted to transsphenoidal surgery and present a history of L4-L5 decompression due to disc herniation and bilateral knee arthroplasty. The condition evolved to an acute left lumbar sciatic pain and the patient was refractory to clinical and physical therapy treatment. Surgical procedure: Decompression and discectomy were performed through an interlaminar endoscopic approach. Cutting and diamond burs and Keirrinson-type forceps were used for decompression. Diamond burs were used in the calcified yellow ligament and in the intervertebral disc to remove the protruding disc.Imaging exams: Preoperative exams showed calcified disc herniation and stenosis, with ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament. Postoperative exams showed good decompression, removal of the calcified disc herniation and ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament.Patient follow-up: Immediate resolution of sciatica pain and neurological deficit, with a negative nerve stretching test. At one-year follow-up, the patient had no return of radicular symptoms.Conclusion: Endoscopic surgery can be a reliable treatment option in approaching patients with severe stenosis of the spinal canal associated with calcified disc hernias and ossification of the ligamentum flavum, even when submitted to previous surgeries. This approach also presents benefits of a minimally invasive surgery.
Cell Viability Assessment by MTT After Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells (HepG2) with Chelidonium majus
Authors: Valle Ana , Carvalho Aloíso , Rahme Samir , Araujo Andrêssa , Malard Patrícia , Brunel Hilana
Published: August 2023

Hepatocellular carcinoma is a type of cancer with a high mortality rate since it is primarily diagnosed in an advanced stage. Therefore, searching for therapies that help in this treatment becomes increasingly important. Therapies comprising Complementary Medicine have become more popular and have shown beneficial effects in treating various types of cancer. Homeopathy, a therapy established for more than 200 years to treat various diseases, has become the target of several studies, especially regarding chronic diseases, which are difficult to control by conventional medicine. This study evaluated the effect of the homeopathic dilution of Chelidonium majus D35 (1x10-35) in hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2). Cells were cultivated in an oven at 37 ºC, 5% CO2, and then trypsinized and plated in 96-well plates for product addition. Chelidonium majus D35 was added in triplicate to each well at three different concentrations. The concentrations tested were 20, 40, and 60 µL/mL. After 48 hours of incubation with the product, cell viability was measured by MTT, and it was possible to observe a decrease in the groups that received the treatment compared to the control. A decrease in cell viability was recorded compared to the control of cells without treatment, indicating a cytotoxic effect of Chelidonium majus D35 on tumor cells. Different studies confirm this result due to the evaluation of biologically active compounds present in extracts of Chelidonium majus D35 that control cell proliferation and induce apoptosis. The results of the in vitro tests performed were satisfactory.
Evaluation of cell viability and nitric oxide release after treatment of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells with a homeopathic compound of Graviola (Anonna muricata) and Purple Ipe (Handroanthus impetiginosus)
Authors: Valle Ana , Carvalho Aloíso , Rahme Samir , Araujo Andrêssa , Malard Patrícia , Brunel Hilana
Published: August 2023

Homeopathy has become increasingly known and used in various treatments, showing excellent clinical results. One of its most common indications is to help treat chronic diseases, directly improving patients' quality of life, especially those with cancer. Hepatocellular carcinoma is a disease that depends on different factors for its development and the success of its treatment. In this context, searching for new therapeutic tools is essential, and homeopathy seems promising. Therefore, Anonna muricata (soursop/graviola) and Handroanthus impetiginosus (purple ipe) have been studied due to their action potential against tumor cells. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of these medicines combined in 1.1mL ampoules, in homeopathic dilutions, on HepG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma) cells through in vitro tests. Cells were cultivated in 75 cm² culture bottles in an oven with controlled temperature and CO2 quantity (37 ºC, 5% CO2). Then, cells were plated in 96-well plates where treatment was performed using the products at different concentrations. After 48 hours of treatment, cell viability analyses were performed by MTT and quantification of the nitric oxide released using the Griess reaction. Treatment with the Anonna muricata D5 (1x10-5) + Handroanthus impetiginosus D5 (1x10-5) formulation resulted in decreased cell viability and increased nitric oxide production by these cells. These findings indicate that this medicine showed an antitumor effect and can be an ally in treating this type of pathology.
Do Some Infections Develop Independent of Contamination?
Authors: Salerian Alen
Published: August 2023

Background: It has been suggested that life began from sterile organic matter and the first microorganisms have evolved to complex multicellular organisms. Also, it has been hypothesized that some Infections may derive through diverse pathways independent of contamination or oviposition. Objective: The aim of this study is to demonstrate that microorganisms and flies may derive from sterile organic matter. Methods: Three intact eggs in a tightly closed jar were sterilized using standard 2,450-MHz microwave irradiation for 5 minutes, were placed outdoors in ambient conditions for three weeks and were shipped to Anresco labs in San Francisco, CA. Results: 130 million Bacillus atropheus and bacillus amyloltquefaciens. There were more than 20 flies outside of the jar and inside on the cap of the jar. Most of the flies were in the pupa stage and some were already adults. All the flies were identified as Hump Backed Flies Family Phoridae. Discussion: Our experiments support both the hypothesis that life began from sterile organic matter and the Darwin’s theory of evolution. Furthermore, it seems that some opportunistic, viral infections and myiasis maybe endogenous. Conclusion: Some infections may be endogenous.
The Expression of Feminism in Portrait Works of Hannah Höch by Using Photomontage during Weimar Germany
Authors: Li Yingying
Published: August 2023

This paper focuses on analyzing the expression of feminism in Hannah Höch’s portrait works by using photomontage during Weimar Germany. Hannah Höch (1889-1978) is the only female Dadaist of Berlin Dada. Dada movement prevailed in Germany after the First World War and was influenced by the changes in politics, society, and economics. At the same time, photomontage was popular among Dadaists, which was made from cutting up photographs, newspapers, drawings, etc. for political propaganda, social criticism and advocation of Dada movement. Besides, during Weimar Republic (1918-1933), because of the changes in the society, women found new social values and roles, and people’s feminism consciousness was awakened. While most of the Dadaists used Photomontage to advocate their propositions of politics and society, Hannah Höch paid more attention to feminism. This paper starts by introducing the education and working experience of Hannah Höch as well as the influence of Dada movement and Weimar period on her. Then it analyses the development of Dadaism and photomontage as well as their relationships to lay a foundation for deeper discussions of Höch’s way and purport of photomontage creation. Then, this paper focuses on analyzing two pieces of photomontage portrait work of Hannah Höch and contrasts them respectively with two pieces of work of Kurt Schwitters. Finally, it concludes that Hannah Höch’s photomontage portrait works are not only extraordinary in her way of creation but also outstanding for her firm and thorough feminism.
Analysis of the quality of health services in inpatient installations on patient satisfaction
Authors: Hendrik  , Simorangkir Gidion Franklin , Girsang Ermi , Ginting Johannes Bastira
Published: July 2023

Background: The quality of health services is the level of service perfection carried out with applicable service standards and must be assessed from the point of view of service users and organizers. This study aims to analyse the quality of health services at the Royal Prima Medan Hospital Inpatient Installation against the level of satisfaction of BPJS user patients.
Methods: This type of research is descriptive quantitative, and cross-sectional, conducted at Royal Prima Medan Hospital in May 2022. The population is patient data for the last three months totalling 1,653, the sample using SEM (Structural Equation Modelling) obtained 250 respondents, and sampling using an accidental sampling technique. Data analysis is bivariate (Chi-Square test) and multivariate (multiple logistic regression) with a significance level of Sig. 0.05, using SPSS Version 25 software.
Results: Tangible variables (0.000), reliability (0.047), responsiveness (0.000), and assurance (0.001) have a significant relationship with the level of patient satisfaction with a p-value ≤0.05. At the same time, the empathy variable has no relationship with a p-value of 0.133 ≥0.05. The results of multivariate analysis of the variables that have the most influence on patient satisfaction are the responsiveness variable with a sig value of 0.000 and an R square value in this study of 0.905.
Conclusions: The variable that has the most influence on BPJS patient satisfaction at the Royal Prima Medan Hospital inpatient installation in 2022 is the responsiveness variable. Patients can feel service satisfaction if hospital employees are quick and responsive to their complaints.
Fibroepithelial tumours of the breast seen in a tertiary health centre in southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Olaofe Olaejirinde O. , Soremekun Ademola I. , Oladele James O.
Published: July 2023

Background: Fibroepithelial tumours of the breast are mainly fibroadenoma and phyllodes tumour. Our objective was to describe the clinical and pathological features of benign fibroepithelial tumours and then compare our findings with reports from other parts of the world.
Methods: We carried out a retrospective study of all benign fibroepithelial tumours diagnosed in the Department of Morbid Anatomy and Forensic Medicine of Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex (OAUTHC), Ile-Ife, Nigeria from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2022.
Results: A total of 538 cases of fibroadenoma were seen during the study period. Only 486 cases met the inclusion criteria and were then subsequently studied. Right sided tumour mass is seen in 203 (41.8%) patients, left sided masses in 173 (35.6%) patients and bilateral masses in 96 (19.8%) patients.  The age of the patients ranges from 11 to 75 years. The average duration of symptoms is 16 months. The maximum length of fibroadenoma nodule ranges from 0.9cm to 15cm. The number of nodules seen in a patient range from 1 to 15. There is no association between the size of a fibroadenoma, number of the masses or the duration of symptoms before removal of the mass, and the age of the patient. Nineteen cases of phyllodes tumour were seen during the study period.
Conclusions: Our study shows that fibroadenoma is the most common fibroepithelial tumour of the breast. A sizeable proportion of patients have bilateral tumours. Phyllodes tumour is much less common.