bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PANDEMİ DÖNEMİ UZAKTAN EĞİTİM SÜRECİNİN MATEMATİK ÖĞRETMENİ ADAYLARININ SINAV PERFORMANSLARININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİNE YANSIMASI
Authors: KUZU Okan
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmada, matematik öğretmeni adaylarının alan eğitimi derslerine yönelik performanslarının değerlendirilmesi amacıyla uzaktan eğitim sürecinde ne tür sorularının hazırlandığı, bilgi ve bilişsel açıdan yüz yüze eğitim sürecindeki sorulardan ne gibi farklılıklarının olduğu araştırılmıştır. Nitel araştırma yaklaşımının benimsendiği bu çalışmada, Analiz 2, Lineer Cebir 2 ve Soyut Matematik 2 derslerine ait toplam 150 soru dikkate alınmıştır. Uzaktan eğitim sürecinde hazırlanan soruların, yüz yüze eğitim sürecindeki sorulara bilişsel açıdan benzer ya da daha üst seviyede olduğu belirlenmiştir. Uzaktan eğitim sürecindeki soruların daha fazla performansa dayalı, gerçek hayatla daha ilişkili, yoruma ve analitik düşünmeye daha elverişli olduğu görülmüştür. Diğer taraftan, uzaktan eğitim sürecinde kimlik doğrulamasının güç olduğu ve performans değerlendirmelerinin zaman aldığı belirtilmiştir. Bu bağlamda, hem zamandan tasarruf etmek hem de kopya çekilmesini en aza indirmek amacıyla uzaktan eğitim süreci başta olmak üzere bilgisayar uyarlamalı testler kullanılabilir. Ayrıca, tüm üst düzey bilişsel becerilerin ortaya çıkması amacıyla geleneksel ve alternatif ölçme araçları birlikte kullanılabilir.
EĞİTİMİN DIŞ POLİTİKADA YUMUŞAK GÜÇ OLARAK KULLANILMASI ÖRNEĞİ: AMERİKAN BARIŞ GÖNÜLLÜLERİ ÖRGÜTÜ
Authors: AÇIKSES Erdal , AĞIR Ömer
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmada Erken Soğuk Savaş döneminde ABD’nin dünyanın birçok bölgesinde uyguladığı eğitim kültür politikalarından biri olan Amerikan Barış Gönüllüleri (Peace Corps) programının ABD tarafından nasıl bir yumuşak güç unsuru olarak kullanıldığı ele alınmıştır. ABD hegemonyasını güçlendirme amacı taşıyan ve içeriğinde Amerikan propagandasını barındıran Amerikan Barış Gönüllüleri örgütünün kuruluş gerekçesi yoksul ülkelerdeki kötü koşullarda yaşayan halkın sorunlarını anlayan, onlarla işbirliği yapıp bu zor yaşam koşullarını hafifletmek için eğitim, sağlık ve tarım gibi konularda alınması lazım gelen tedbirlere ilişkin teknik yardım hizmetlerini sağlamak olarak ifade edilmiştir. Türkiye ile ABD arasında Barış Gönüllüleri ile ilgili anlaşma 1962 yılında imzalanarak program Türkiye’de de uygulanmaya başlanmıştır. Barış gönüllüsü olarak yabancı ülkelere giden Amerikalı gençler zaman zaman bulundukları ülkelerde tepki görse de örgütün çalışmaları dünyanın birçok ülkesinde halen devam etmektedir. Çalışmada programın kuruluşu, amacı, dünyanın çeşitli bölgelerinde aldığı tepkiler, faaliyetleri ve nasıl dış politikada bir araç haline getirildiği ayrıca incelenmiştir.
Effect of Seed Pretreatment and Site Preparation on the Success of Growing Acacia crasicarpa by Direct Seeding
Authors:   Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Perbenihan Tanaman Hutan, Sudrajat Dede J. ,   Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Perbenihan Tanaman Hutan
Published: December 2020

Critical land, which is still very large requires alternative reforestation methods, one of which is direct seeding. This study aims to determine the seed treatment and land preparation in direct seeding of A. crassicarpa seeds. The research was conducted in Parungpanjang, Bogor with a three-factor factorial randomized design, i.e. environmental conditions (A1=under the stand, A2=open area), seed treatment (B1=untreated, B2=soaked in hot water and allowed to cool for 24 hours), and sowing technique (C1=sowing on the soil surface without cleaning, C2=sowing on the soil surface of the cleared and loosened land, C3=sowing with 2-3 cm immerses on the cleared and loosened land). The results showed that seedlings under the stand tended to have better height growth (14.8 cm) compared to seedlings in open area (11.2 cm), as well as for seedlings diameter (under the stand 0.14 cm; in open area 0.11 cm). The application of the direct seeding of A. crassicarpa can be done by treating the seeds soaked in hot water allowed to cool for 24 hours and sowing methods by loosening the soil and immersing the seed 2-3 cm which results in 11% seedling survival, 11.85 cm height, and diameter 0.12 cm at 14 weeks after sowing.
Utilization of Cow’s Urine and Tofu’s Liquid Waste for Growth of Leucaena Leucocephala Seedlings
Authors:   Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Perbenihan Tanaman Hutan, Bramasto Yulianti , Suharti Tati ,   Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Perbenihan Tanaman Hutan, Mindawati Nina ,   Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hutan
Published: December 2020

In the planting program of lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala), healthy and vigorous seedlings are needed, therefore, it is necessary to apply fertilizer at the nursery stage. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of tofu's liquid waste and cow's urine on the growth of lamtoro seedlings at aged 6 weeks until 14 weeks. The treatments consisted of control, tofu’s liquid waste (30% and 40%), and cow’s urine (50%, 60% and 70%). Treatment was given every 2 weeks. Parameters observed were height, diameter, number of leaves, biomass, toughness, shoot root ratio, seedling quality index and chlorophyll content. The results showed that 30% and 40% of tofu’s liquid waste had a significant effect on increasing the height growth at 6 weeks and 8 weeks old seedling. The 70% cow’s urine has a significant effect on increasing the height growth at 6 weeks until 12 weeks old seedling. The 60% cow’s urine had a significant effect on increasing the number of leaves.
EVALUASI PROGRAM PELATIHAN PENGOLAHAN BAHAN PUSTAKA DI PUSDIKLAT PERPUSTAKAAN NASIONAL RI
Authors: Muhammad Fadhil  , Dr. Neti Karnati, M. Pd  , Dr. Matin, M. Pd
Published: December 2020

This research was intended to see how the Kirkpatrick four level evaluation model is applied in the Library Material Processing training program organized by the Education and Training center of National Library of Indonesia. This evaluation research uses the Kirkpatrick evaluation model (Reaction, Learning, Behavior, Result). The subject of this research is training organizers, training instructors and training participants in the processing of library materials. Data collection techniques in this study used observation, documentation and interviews. Data validity test is done using triangulation of sources and methods.

The  results  of  this  study show that the  implementation  of the  Library Material  Processing  Training  program  has  not  gone  well  based  on  the aspect  that  being  evaluated.  1)  In  the  Reaction  evaluation  aspect, the implementation  of training  at  this  stage goes  well.  It can  be seen  from the  results  of  the  evaluator's last evaluation  score  which  has  a  score  of 93.88 or very satisfied and the last evaluation score of the instructor who has  a  score  of  90.66  or  very  satisfied.  2)  In  the  aspect  of  learning evaluation,  the  training  process  goes  well  according  to  the  plan  that was made before. This can be seen from the final score of all participants who have a score above the least limit. 3) in the Behavior aspect, the training organizers have not carried out observations of the participants' behavior after the training. 4) Then in the Result aspect, the training organizers also have  not  carried  out  observations  on  the  participants'  contributions  or the use of participant's knowledge of the library performance.

 

Keywords: Program Evaluation, Library Material Processing Training, Kirkpatrick Evaluation Model
Himmelsschlüsselchen und Aurikel - Boten des Frühlings
Authors: Steinecke Hilke , Vaupel Beate
Published: December 2020

Primeln und Aurikeln sind typische Frühlingsblumen. Ihre Vielfalt und Kulturgeschichte werden vorgestellt.
İşyerinde Psikolojik Şiddetin İş Tatmini, İşe Yabancılaşma ve İşten Ayrılma Niyeti İle İlişkisi
Authors: İnce Ayaydın Çiğdem
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı işyerinde psikolojik şiddet ile iş tatmini ilişkisini, işe yabancılaşma ilişkisini ve işten ayrılma niyeti ilişkisini incelemektir. Bu yönüyle çalışmanın literatürdeki boşluğu doldurması beklenmektedir. Çalışma Trabzon ve Gümüşhane’de 194 çalışan üzerinde anket yöntemiyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada açıklayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ve hipotezleri test etmek için regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonuçları teori ve beklentilerle uyumlu bir şekilde, işyerinde uygulanan psikolojik şiddet ile iş tatmini arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı negatif yönlü bir ilişki tespit edildiğini göstermektedir. Çalışma sonuçları ayrıca psikolojik şiddet ile işe yabancılaşma ve işten ayrılma niyeti ile arasında ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı pozitif yönlü bir ilişki tespit edildiğini göstermektedir. Çalışmada iş tatmini ile işe yabancılaşma arasında negatif yönlü bir ilişkinin olduğu bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Yapısal eşitlik modeli sonuçları psikolojik şiddetin davranışlarının iş tatmini ile olan ilişkisinde işe yabancılaşmanın aracı bir değişken olduğu bulgusuna işaret etmektedir. Bulgular yöneticilerin psikolojik şiddete maruz kalmanın ortaya çıkaracağı olumsuz sonuçlarını göz önüne alarak, işyerinde psikolojik şiddetin oluşumunu engelleme çabası içerisinde olmaları gerektiğini göstermektedir.
On Extremal Graphs of Degree Distance Index by Using Edge-Grafting
Transformations Method
Authors: Imran Muhammad , Akhtar Shehnaz , Ahmad Uzma , Ahmad Sarfraz , Bilal Ahsan
Published: December 2020

Background:

Topological indices have numerous implementations in chemistry, biology and in lot of other areas.
It is a real number associated to a graph, which provides information about its physical and chemical properties and their
correlations. For a connected graph H, the degree distance defined as DD(H)=∑_(\h_1,h_2⊆V(H))〖(〖deg〗_H (h_1 )+〖deg〗_H (h_2 )) d_H (h_1,h_2 ) 〗, where 〖deg〗_H (h_1 ) is the degree of vertex h_1and d_H (h_1,h_2 ) is the distance between h_1and h_2in the graph H.

Aim and Objective:

In this article, we characterize some extremal trees with respect to degree distance index which has a lot
of applications in theoretical and computational chemistry.

Materials and Methods:

A novel method of edge-grafting transformations is used. We discuss the behavior of DD index
under four edge-grafting transformations.

Results:

By the help of those transformations, we derive some extremal trees under certain parameters including pendant
vertices, diameter, matching and domination numbers. Some extremal trees for this graph invariant are also characterized.

Conclusion:

It is shown that balanced spider approaches to the smallest DD index among trees having given fixed leaves.
The tree Cn,d has the smallest DD index, among the all trees of diameter d. It is also proved that the matching number and
domination numbers are equal for trees having minimum DD index.
Big Data to Knowledge: Application of Machine Learning to Predictive Modeling of Therapeutic Response in Cancer
Authors: Panja Sukanya , Rahem Sarra , Chu Cassandra J. , Mitrofanova Antonina
Published: December 2020

Background:

In recent years, the availability of high throughput technologies, establishment
of large molecular patient data repositories, and advancement in computing power and storage
have allowed elucidation of complex mechanisms implicated in therapeutic response in cancer
patients. The breadth and depth of such data, alongside experimental noise and missing values, requires
a sophisticated human-machine interaction that would allow effective learning from complex
data and accurate forecasting of future outcomes, ideally embedded in the core of machine
learning design.

Objective:

In this review, we will discuss machine learning techniques utilized for modeling of treatment response in cancer,
including Random Forests, support vector machines, neural networks, and linear and logistic regression. We will overview
their mathematical foundations and discuss their limitations and alternative approaches all in light of their application to
therapeutic response modeling in cancer.

Conclusion:

We hypothesize that the increase in the number of patient profiles and potential temporal monitoring of patient
data will define even more complex techniques, such as deep learning and causal analysis, as central players in therapeutic
response modeling.
Amyloid-beta Induced Neurotoxicity Impairs Cognition and Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis in a Mouse Model for Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Amber Sanila , Sumera  , Mirza Fatima J. , Asif Muhammad , Hassan Deeba , Ahmed Touqeer , Zahid Saadia
Published: December 2020

Background:

Neurogenesis, the key mechanism to generate new neurons from existing
stem cell niches continues throughout the life in the adult mammalian brain, although decelerate with
aging or the progression of neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In the past
few years, impaired adult hippocampal neurogenesis emerged as a contributing hallmark of AD
pathophysiology along with amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau hyper phosphorylation-induced neurotoxicity.
However, no conclusive evidence exists that indicates the up/down-regulation of adult hippocampal
neurogenesis during the course of AD progression.

Methods:

In this study, we examined alterations in adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive
deficits using Aβ(1-42)-induced mouse model of AD.

Results:

Our results demonstrate that Aβ administration induces an anxiety like behavior and impairs
spatial and non-spatial memory and learning in BALB/c mice. Extensive neuronal loss was also evident
in the dentate gyrus (DG), CA1, CA2 and CA3 regions of hippocampus in Aβ-treated animals.
Furthermore, Aβ-exposure markedly reduced the real-time expression of markers of cell proliferation
and migration i.e. Ki67 and DCX, whereas immunohistochemistry analysis revealed a substantial
reduction in the expression levels of Ki67 and NeuN.

Conclusion:

Our findings highlight the association of Aβ-induced neurotoxicity with altered
neurogenesis and memory formation; however further insight is warranted to explore the underlying
molecular pathway(s). Moreover, the treatment strategies aiming to repair the adult hippocampal
neurogenesis hold potential as AD therapeutics.
Withdrawal Notice: Current scenario of COVID-19
Authors: Purohit Priyank , Mittal Ravi Kumar , Bhatt Kanika
Published: December 2020

The article for the journal Letters in Drug Design & Discovery has been removed by the Publisher due to acute language inconsistencies and grammatical errors.

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may cause.

BENTHAM SCIENCE DISCLAIMER:

It is a condition of publication that manuscripts submitted to this journal have not been published and will not be simultaneously submitted or published elsewhere. Furthermore, any data, illustration, structure, or table that has been published elsewhere must be reported, and copyright permission for reproduction must be obtained. Plagiarism is strictly forbidden, and by submitting the article for publication the authors agree that the publishers have the legal right to take appropriate action against the authors, if plagiarism or fabricated information is discovered. By submitting a manuscript the authors agree that the copyright of their article is transferred to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for publication.
A Study on Leukemic and Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Efficacy of Novel Isoxazoles Synthesized by Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Pandya Mayank , Kapadiya Khushal
Published: December 2020

Background:

The era of drug discovery suggested the designing of “hybrid drugs,” which
acquired recognition in the field of medicinal chemistry due to its influential role in preserving
different health challenges.

Objective:

A new series of chalcone derivatives 4a-4i, bearing isoxazole moieties, were designed and
synthesized with microwave irradiation, which were biologically evaluated for their activity on NCI-
60 cell-lines to check efficacy in anti-cytotoxic effect.

Methods:

The required diverse acetophenone molecule was prepared by chloro-amine coupling using
lansoprazole (lanso chloro) drug intermediate, i.e., 4-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-2-(chloromethyl)-3-
methylpyridine engaged in the reaction with various aryl aldehydes (2a-2i) in the primary media
gave fluoro contained chalcone (3a-3i). The desired isoxazoles (4a-4i) were synthesized by MW
(microwave irradiation) based reaction using hydroxylamine for cyclization purposes.

Results:

The espoused scheme resulted in good yields of a new set of isoxazole-chalcone conjugates
with potent cytotoxic activity, which were found in compounds 4h and 4i against the Leukemia
RPMI-8226 (With GI50 Values ≈ -10 μg/ml) cancer cell line and the Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
HOP-92 (With GI50 Values ≈ -25 μg/ml) cancer cell line.

Conclusion:

The optimization of the reaction indicated that the MW based reaction progress was an
efficient and time-saving process for the course of isoxazole synthesis. An anticancer study shows
that compounds 4h demonstrated significant anticancer activity.
New Viral Infection COVID-19: Current Status, Challenges and Possible Treatments
Authors: Kumar Vipan , Suryan Amruta , Singh Jyoti , Kumar Sandeep , Kamboj Pradeep , Deep Aakash
Published: December 2020

Since December 2019, the prevalence of novel coronavirus infection (named as COVID-
19 by WHO on Feb 11, 2020) has become a growing healthcare concern worldwide. On March 11,
2020, the WHO declared COVID-19 a global pandemic. As no specific approved treatment options
are available for the COVID-19 infection, several existing antiviral drugs in combination with others
have become the mainstay therapy. The targets for the treatment of the infection include viral targets
such as polymerases, spike glycoproteins, membrane proteins, and viral envelope and host targets
such as host proteases and host receptors. Antiviral agents, immunomodulatory agents, and empiric
broad-spectrum antibiotics can be used as treatment therapies for the infection. Convalescent plasma
therapy has also been proposed as an effective treatment for COVID-19. Additionally, many studies
are ongoing to develop a potent and effective vaccine that completely blocks SARS-CoV-2. Nevertheless,
prevention of spread of the virus remains the first and foremost step towards controlling and
managing the coronavirus infection.
Exploring Nature’s Treasure to Inhibit β-Barrel Assembly Machinery of Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria: An In silico Approach
Authors: Verma Shalja , Pandey Anand Kumar
Published: December 2020

Background:

The development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria is a matter of global
concern due to the exceptionally high morbidity and mortality rates. The outer membrane of most
gram-negative bacteria acts as a highly efficient barrier and blocks the entry of the majority of antibiotics,
making them ineffective. The Bam complex, β-barrel assembly machinery complex, contains
five subunits (BamA, B, C, D, E), which plays a vital role in folding and inserting essential
outer membrane proteins into the membrane, thus maintaining outer membrane integrity. BamA
and BamD are essential subunits to fulfill this purpose. Therefore, targeting this complex to treat
antibiotic resistance can be an incredibly effective approach. Natural bacterial pigments like
violacein, phytochemicals like withanone, semasin, and several polyphenols have often been reported
for their effective antibiotic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and anti-carcinogenic
properties.

Objective:

Structural inhibition of the Bam complex by natural compounds can provide safe and
effective treatment for antibiotic resistance by targeting outer membrane integrity.

Methods:

In-silico ADMET and molecular docking analysis was performed with ten natural compounds,
namely violacein, withanone, sesamin, resveratrol, naringenin, quercetin, epicatechin, gallic
acid, ellagic acid, and galangin, to analyse their inhibitory potential against the Bam complex.

Results:

Docking complexes of violacein gave high binding energies of -10.385 and -9.46 Kcal/mol
at C and D subunits interface and at A subunits of the Bam complex, respectively.

Conclusion:

Henceforth, violacein can be an effective antibiotic against to date reported resistant
gram-negative bacteria by inhibiting the Bam complex of their outer membrane. Therefore the urgent
need for exhaustive research in this concern is highly demanded.
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte Ratio, Platelet-to-lymphocyte Ratio, C-reactive Protein to Albumin Ratio, and Albumin to Fibrinogen Ratio in Axial Spondyloarthritis: A Monocentric Study
Authors: Slouma Maroua , Rahmouni Safa , Dhahri Rim , Gharsallah Imen , Metoui Leila , Louzir Bassem
Published: December 2020

Background:

C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) are
routinely used to assess disease activity in spondyloarthritis. New biomarkers have been reported,
such as neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), CRP to albumin
ratio (CAR), and albumin to fibrinogen ratio (AFR).

Aim:

Our study aimed to assess these ratios in spondyloarthritis and to determine the relationship
between these ratios and the disease activity.

Methods:

We conducted a cross-sectional study, including patients with spondyloarthritis. The following
ratios were calculated: PLR, NLR, AFR, and CAR. Pearson correlation analysis was carried
out to test the correlation of the data. Receiver operating characteristic curves were evaluated
for each ratio using ASDASCRP as the gold standard for disease activity.

Results:

Eighty-five patients were included. The sex ratio was 60 males to 25 females. The mean
age was 42.58 ± 11.75 years. There was a positive correlation between the PLR and the following
parameters: CAR, CRP, and ESR. A negative correlation was found between AFR and the following
ratios: PLR, NLR, CRP, and ESR. The ASDAS correlated negatively with AFR and positively
with both PLR and CAR. The cutoff values of CAR and PLR to distinguish patients with very high
disease activity (ASDASCRP>3.5) were 0.442 and 173.64, respectively.

Conclusions:

Given their good correlation with ESR and CRP, we suggest that PLR, CAR, and
AFR can be used as potential indicators of inflammation in spondyloarthritis. The CAR and PLR
are useful to identify patients with very high disease activity.
Bioactive Compound and Nanotechnology: A Novel Delivery Perspective for Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Debbarma Anima , Roy Probin Kr , Barbhuiya Samia B. , Das Jayita , Laldinchhana  , Lalhlenmawia Hauzel
Published: December 2020

Background:

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the major complications of diabetes,
and the consequences often lead to loss of vision. Currently, the treatments for DR are expensive,
not easily available and the use of synthetic drugs leads to various toxic effects. Bioactive compound
has been reported to be an alternative for the treatment of DR due to its ability to target multiple
pathophysiological signaling pathways. However, bioactive compound suffers from some inherent
physicochemical characteristics which restrict their use as therapeutic agents.

Objective:

This review emphasizes an overview of the bioactive agents which are delivered as
nano-formulation for safe and effective ocular delivery for the treatment of DR. Additional focus
include site-specific ocular delivery with increased bioavailability to ensure highly efficacious treatment
of DR.

Results:

Utilization of various bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, etc.,
can counterbalance the damages that occur in the retinal tissues and thereby may ameliorate DR
progression. Encapsulation of these bioactive compounds in a nanotechnology-based delivery system
can improve bioavailability, reduce the toxic effect and achieve site-specific ocular delivery.

Conclusion:

The pros and cons of bioactive compounds in treating DR and the use of nanotechnology
to deliver bioactive compounds are discussed.
Design and Synthesis of New JAK1 Inhibitors based on Sulfonamide-
Triazine Conjugates
Authors: Daoud Safa , Taha Mutasem O.
Published: December 2020

Aims:

Design of sulfonamide-triazine derivatives as JAK1 inhibitors.

Background:

JAK1 is a kinase involved in different autoimmune diseases. JAK1 inhibitors have shown promising results
in treating autoimmune diseases.

Objectives:

To design new JAK1 inhibitors based on sulfonamides-triazine conjugates capable of binding interactions
comparable to observed interactions anchoring potent crystallographic JAK1 inhibitors.

Methods:

The crystallographic structures of 4 diverse nanomolar inhibitors complexed within JAK1 were used to guide
the synthesis of new diaminotriazine-sulfonamide-based JAK1 inhibitors.

Results:

Nineteen compounds have been prepared some of which exhibited low micromolar IC50 values against JAK1.

Conclusions:

Crystallographic complexes of diverse JAK1 inhibitors were successfully used to guide the synthesis of
novel sulfonamide-triazine-based low micromolar JAK1 inhibitors.
Withdrawal Notice: Design and Synthesis of a Novel Gabapentin- Phosphotidylcholine Conjugate for Targeting to Phospholipase A2 Enzyme through Nanostructured Lipid Carrier
Authors: Anjali P.B  , Jawahar N.  , Jubie S.  , Yadav Neetu , Selvaraj A.  , Selvamuthukumar S.
Published: December 2020

The article for the journal "Current Computer-Aided Drug Design" has been removed by the Publisher due to acute language
inconsistencies and grammatical errors.

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may cause.

The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorial-policies-main.php

Bentham Science Disclaimer:

It is a condition of publication that manuscripts submitted to this journal have not been published and will not be simultaneously
submitted or published elsewhere. Furthermore, any data, illustration, structure or table that has been published elsewhere
must be reported, and copyright permission for reproduction must be obtained. Plagiarism is strictly forbidden, and by submitting
the article for publication the authors agree that the publishers have the legal right to take appropriate action against the
authors, if plagiarism or fabricated information is discovered. By submitting a manuscript, the authors agree that the copyright
of their article is transferred to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for publication.
Recent Advantages of Mediator Based Chemically Modified Electrodes; Powerful Approach in Electroanalytical Chemistry
Authors: Mousazadeh Farideh , Mohammadi Sayed Zia , Akbari Sedighe , Mofidinasab Nastaran , Aflatoonian Mohammad Reza , Shokooh-Saljooghi Arman
Published: December 2020

Background:

Modified electrodes have advanced from the initial studies aimed at understanding electron transfer in films to applications in areas such as energy production and analytical chemistry. This review emphasizes the major classes of modified electrodes with mediators that are being explored for improving analytical methodology. Chemically modified electrodes (CMEs) have been widely used to counter the problems of poor sensitivity and selectivity faced in bare electrodes. We have briefly reviewed the organometallic and organic mediators that have been extensively employed to engineer adapted electrode surfaces for the detection of different compounds. Also, the characteristics of the materials that improve the electrocatalytic activity of the modified surfaces are discussed.

Objective:

Improvement and promotion of pragmatic CMEs have generated a diversity of novel and probable strong detection prospects for electroanalysis. While the capability of handling the chemical nature of the electrode/solution interface accurately and creatively increases , it is predictable that different mediators-based CMEs could be developed with electrocatalytic activity and completely new applications be advanced.
Expression Profiles and Bioinformatics Analysis of Full-length circRNA Isoforms in Gliomas
Authors: Wu Jing , Song Xiaofeng
Published: December 2020

Background:

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a newly discovered type of non-coding RNA,
which have been demonstrated to act as microRNA (miRNA) “sponges” to modulate gene expression.
Emerging evidence has confirmed that circRNAs take part in many biological processes in a variety of
malignant tumors, including gliomas, suggesting that they could serve as biomarkers or therapeutic targets
for tumors. The purpose of this study was to explore the roles of circRNAs in gliomas and to provide
valuable clues for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Methods:

RNA-seq data with poly(A)-/RNase R treatment was employed to investigate the expression profiles of
circRNAs in tumor and paracancerous tissues derived from glioma patients. CircAST was used for full-length circRNA
reconstruction and quantification. Bioinformatics analyses, including GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analyses, were
performed to reveal the potential biological process and pathways of their host genes. A circRNA-miRNA interaction
network was constructed to depict the interactions of the dysregulated circRNA transcripts with miRNAs.

Results:

A total of 20,474 circular transcripts that originated from 16,022 circRNAs were successfully reconstructed in the
samples. We detected 646 upregulated and 112 downregulated circular transcripts in tumor tissues compared with
paracancerous tissues. GO analysis revealed that their host genes may be related to positive regulation of GTPase activity,
regulation of synaptic transmission, and glutamatergic and dendrite morphogenesis in the cytoplasm and cytosol. KEGG
pathway analysis showed that the glutamatergic synapse, neurotrophin signaling pathway, and ErbB signaling pathway
may be linked to the occurrence and development of gliomas.

Conclusion:

Our study revealed a comprehensive profile of differentially expressed circRNA transcripts in gliomas,
indicating that aberrantly expressed circRNAs might play important roles in the occurrence and development of human
gliomas.
Recent Patents in Reuse of Metal Mining Tailings and Emerging Potential in Nanotechnology Applications
Authors: Atlagić Suzana Gotovac , Tankosić Ljiljana , Pržulj Sanja , Mirošljević Dragana
Published: December 2020

Background:

Reuse of waste materials present in the technosphere, such as the metal mining
tailings is becoming a more economical and energy-efficient method for obtaining the raw materials
than the classical mining. Number of patents are presenting methods for tailings recycling, often in
construction industry and metallurgy. At the same time, world market for metallic nanomaterials is rapidly
increasing with numerous new applications and these two subjects should be connected.

Methods:

Paper presents the hypothesis that fine sludge from the metal mining tailings could be dominant
source of the raw material for the nanotechnology. The idea is based on the fact that most of the
usual publications present methodologies for synthesis of nanomaterials only from high-quality chemicals
which is often expensive and unsustainable. Proposition here says, that it would be more economical
to use the tailings as one of the technospheric wastes, directly by extracting the metal ions, selectively
precipitating their cations and subsequently using them in nanotechnologies. Arguments are given
by cross-comparison of the literature and patents on iron, bauxite, lead/zinc, copper, tailings and also
the extraction of rare earth elements from tailing resources.

Results:

Metal mining tailings are shown to be an emerging subject in various research papers and patents together with
other secondary raw materials.

Conclusions:

Use of the metal mining tailings as the resources in nanotechnology, is a large energysaving
potential. Taking advantage of this readily available technospheric waste which contains mostly
micrometer particles, should contribute also to the zero-metal waste goals.
An Analysis of PCOS Disease Prediction Model Using Machine Learning Classification Algorithms
Authors: Aggarwal Shivani , Pandey Kavita
Published: December 2020

Background:

Polycystic ovary syndrome is commonly known as PCOS and it is surprising that it affects up to
18% of women in reproductive age. PCOS is the most usually occurring hormone-related disorder. Some of the symptoms
of PCOS are irregular periods, increased facial and body hair growth, attain more weight, darkening of skin, diabetes and
trouble conceiving (infertility). It also came into light that patients suffering from PCOS also possess a range of metabolic
abnormalities. Due to metabolic abnormalities, some disorder may occur which increase the risk of insulin resistance, type
2 diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance (a sign of prediabetes). Family members of women suffering from PCOS are
also at higher hazardous level for developing the same metabolic abnormalities. Obesity and overweight status contribute
to insulin resistance in PCOS.

Objective:

In the modern era, there are several new technologies available to diagnose PCOS and one of them is Machine
learning algorithms because they are exposed to new data. These algorithms learn from past experiences to produce
reliable and repeatable decisions. In this article, Machine learning algorithms are used to identify the important features to
diagnose PCOS.

Methods:

Several classification algorithms like Support vector machine (SVM), Logistic Regression, Gradient Boosting,
Random Forest, Decision Tree and K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) are uses well organized test datasets for classify huge
records. Initially a dataset of 541 instances and 41 attributes has been taken to apply the prediction models and a manual
feature selection is done over it.
Results: After the feature selection, a set of 12 attributes has been identified which plays a crucial role in diagnosing
PCOS.

Conclusion:

There are several researches progressing in the direction of diagnosing PCOS but till now the relevant
features are not identify for the same.
Theranostic Radiopharmaceuticals Targeting Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts
Authors: Zhuravlev Fedor
Published: December 2020

The tumor microenvironment is a dynamic ecosystem where malignant cells interact
with the stromal cells sustaining and promoting tumor growth and metastasis. Cancer-associated fibroblasts
(CAFs) are the major component of tumor stroma. CAFs control key tumorigenic activities
by participating in immune evasion and suppression, extracellular matrix remodeling, neo-angiogenesis,
and drug resistance. Therefore, targeting CAFs emerges as an attractive anti-cancer
strategy. This review summarized recent advancements in targeting CAFs with diagnostic and therapeutic
radiopharmaceuticals using clinically-promising biomarkers. The efforts to improve clinical
outcomes via the application of new radiotheranostic compounds are discussed in the context of
radionuclide, the pharmacophore, and, more generally, in terms of biomarker specificity and expression
across different cancers and CAF phenotypes.
The Role of Houseflies, Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae) as a Mechanical Vector for ESKAPE Pathogens and Drug Resistance
Authors: Karami Mohsen , Armaki Mojtaba Taghizadeh , Rajabnia Ramazan , Omran Saeid Mahdavi , Heidarpour Ali , Pournajaf Abazar
Published: December 2020

Introduction:

The housefly (Musca domestica) is an important host for various pathogenic
bacteria, including the ESKAPE group, and acts as a reservoir for transmitting resistance factors. In
this regard, this study was performed in order to survey the role of houseflies as a mechanical vector
for ESKAPE pathogens and antibiotic resistance profiles of these strains in the four teaching hospitals
and rural areas in Babol, north of Iran. In this cross-sectional study, 280 adult house flies were collected
with a sterilized nylon net.

Methods:

All samples were put inside separately in a sterile tube and anesthetized using freezing at
0ᵒC for 5 minutes. Bacterial isolates were identified from the external and internal surfaces. The antibiotic
susceptibility test was performed by the disk diffusion method. A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa,
and Enterobacter isolates were not detected in rural samples. Only one methicillin-resistance S. aureus
was found in rural flies. In hospitals, the prevalence of the ESKAPE pathogens in the Cuticular surface
and GI were 22.9% and 22.1%, respectively.

Results:

In total, the highest and lowest frequency rate was related to P. aeruginosa (6.1%) and A.
baumannii (1.1%). Also, 66.7%, 5.9%, and 12.5% of A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa, and Enterobacter
were resistant to imipenem, respectively. 21.4% of E. faecium were resistant to vancomycin. In total,
63 (22.5%) bacterial species collected from both the cuticular surface and GI, 29 (46%) were multidrug-
resistant (MDR).

Conclusion:

Houseflies obtained from hospitals may be involved in the distribution of drug-resistant
bacteria and may increase the potential of human exposure to drug-resistant organisms.
Classification and Recognition of Electronic Components Based on Improved Cooperative Semi-supervised Learning Algorithm
Authors: Luo Dan
Published: December 2020

Background:

As known that the semi-supervised algorithm is a classical algorithm in semi-supervised learning
algorithm.

Methods:

In the paper, it proposed improved cooperative semi-supervised learning algorithm, and the algorithm process is
presented in detailed, and it is adopted to predict unlabeled electronic components image.

Results:

In the experiments of classification and recognition of electronic components, it show that through the method
the accuracy the proposed algorithm in electron device image recognition can be significantly improved, the improved
algorithm can be used in the actual recognition process .

Conclusion:

With the continuous development of science and technology, machine vision and deep learning will play a
more important role in people's life in the future. The subject research based on the identification of the number of
components is bound to develop towards the direction of high precision and multi-dimension, which will greatly improve
the production efficiency of electronic components industry.
Implementation and Performance Analysis of Cognitive Radio with Frequency Updating Algorithm on Software-defined Radio Platform
Authors: Phull Jaskaran Singh , Grewal Narwant Singh , Singh Simar Preet , Rani Asha
Published: December 2020

Wireless communication is being used in all communication standards. However, with
each passing day, the bandwidth scarcity has become a significant concern for the upcoming wireless
technologies. In order to address this concern, various techniques based on artificial intelligence
have been designed. The basic intelligent radio called cognitive radio has been devised. It
works on the basic principle of spectrum sensing and detecting the free frequency for transmission
of the secondary user, who is an unlicensed user. This work proposes an efficient technique that
has been developed to design cognitive radio based on SDR platform. The frequency updating algorithm
has been added for the performance assessment of the proposed technique. The analysis
posits that for every 10dB rise in Gaussian Noise, the bit error rate of secondary transmitter and
spectrum sensor, cause an increment of 19.59% and 29.39%, respectively. It has been found that
spectrum sensor is more prone to noise and that the Gaussian noise degrades the performance of
the system. Therefore, it is pertinent that the spectrum sensor should be programmed carefully.
This analysis shows that the best range of spectrum sensor under Gaussian noise is 0 to 0.1dB and
the bit error rate is within this specified range.
Evaluation of Strength of Concrete on the Different Initial Exposure Con-ditions
Authors: Mishra Sri Ram Krishna , Ghosh Pradeep Kumar , Kulshreshtha Manoj
Published: December 2020

Background:

The previous studies have focused curing effect of mainly on high
strength concrete, where strict supervision is maintained. This study is based upon general purpose
concreting work for commercial and residential construction in absence of skilled manpower and
supervision.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to establish a thumb rule to provide 7 days initial curing
for maintaining quality for unsupervised concreting irrelevant to type of cement and grading.

Methods:

In this study concrete samples made with locally available commercial cements were
cured for various initial exposure.

Results:

The results shows that concrete cured after a gap of 4 days from the time of de-moulding
have given lowest strength as compared to concrete cured in standard practices i.e. where proper
curing protocol had been followed.

Conclusion:

Initial curing is most important aspect of gaining desired strength. The findings
after this study shows that curing affects the strength of concrete in variable grading.
Initial curing has great importance for concrete with all types of Portland cement. Concrete
with supplementary cementitious materials gives lowest strength initially but results
higher strength after 28 days as compared to Portland cement.
Multi-Vessel Coronary Artery Disease: Choice of Myocardial Revascularization Strategy
Authors: Seredyuk Nestor , Matlakh Andrii , Vandzhura Yaroslava , Bielinskyi Mykyta , Skakun Oleksii , Denina Ruslana
Published: December 2020

Multi-vessel coronary artery disease is quite a common state, which is often diagnosed by coronary angiography in patients with both stable coronary artery disease and acute coronary syndromes. Major difficulties in percutaneous coronary intervention include stent thrombosis and the need for antiplatelet therapy (aspirin and a P2Y12 inhibitor). Stent thrombosis leads to the recurrence of myocardial infarction and may occur within the first few hours after percutaneous coronary intervention. The use of dual antiplatelet therapy, especially that combined with low-molecular-weight heparin in the first days after myocardial infarction, poses a risk of bleeding, which often occurs in real clinical practice. Among P2Y12  inhibitors, ticagrelor causes bleeding somewhat more frequently than clopidogrel. A case of multi-vessel coronary artery disease is described in this paper. Coronary angiography revealed right-dominant circulation; occlusion of the proximal and medial segments of the right coronary artery, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction flow grade 0; stenosis of the left main coronary artery (50-60%), thrombolysis in myocardial infarction flow grade 2; diffuse stenosis of the medial and distal segments of the left anterior descending artery, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction flow grade 1; stenosis of the proximal segment of the left circumflex artery (> 75%), thrombolysis in myocardial infarction flow grade 1. The patient underwent percutaneous coronary intervention; the stents were implanted in the infarct-dependent right coronary artery. The clinical course was complicated by early stent thrombosis with subsequent thrombus extraction; a day later melena developed. Bleeding was stopped, the intensity of antithrombotic therapy was reduced: the combination of aspirin and ticagrelor was replaced by the combination of aspirin and clopidogrel. Six weeks after stenting of the infarct-dependent coronary artery, complete myocardial revascularization (hybrid intervention) was performed: coronary artery bypass grafting [the left internal mammary artery → the left anterior descending artery], coronary autogenous bypass grafting [the aorta → the right coronary artery and the aorta → the left circumflex artery]. The role of fractional flow reserve or instantaneous wave-free ratio-controlled complete myocardial revascularization techniques is discussed. The following algorithm for myocardial revascularization was used: percutaneous coronary intervention for the right coronary artery + coronary artery bypass grafting-3: the left internal mammary artery → the left anterior descending artery, the aorta → the left circumflex artery, the aorta → the right coronary artery.
Surgical Correction of Hirschsprung's Disease in Children Using the Soave-Boley Technique with Manual Colorectal Anastomosis
Authors: Kurtash Oleh
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Current trends in surgical treatment of Hirschsprung's disease are aimed at minimally invasive interventions. However, the experience of using Soave-Boley procedure in surgical treatment of Hirschsprung's disease in children of different ages is valuable in the arsenal of differentiated approach to the treatment of this pathology.
The objective of the research was to evaluate the results of surgical correction of Hirschsprung's disease in children using the Soave-Boley technique with manual colorectal anastomosis.
Materials and Methods. The analysis of surgical treatment of 1,187 children with different forms of Hirschsprung’s disease aged from birth to 18 years over the period 1980-2020 was conducted in the National Children's Specialized Hospital“ Okhmatdyt”. Surgical correction of Hirschsprung's disease using the Soave-Boley technique was performed in 597 children. Before surgery, 156 patients underwent the first stage of treatment that consisted in the creation of a protective colostomy; in 441 cases, this intervention was performed without an intestinal stoma; the benefits of the Soave-Boley technique were evaluated.
Results. All the patients survived. In 15 (2.51%) out of 597 children, in the early postoperative period, there were observed: retrocolic hematoma (n = 2), retrocolic abscess (n = 7), anastomotic leak (n = 2), adhesive intestinal obstruction (n = 3), intussusception (n = 1). Fourteen (2.36%) patients developed surgical complications in the long-term period: residual aganglionosis (n = 9), anastomotic stenosis (n = 4) and coloptosis. Repeated Soave-Boley operation with manual colorectal anastomosis was successfully performed in 26 (4.362%) patients after primary correction of Hirschsprung's disease using different methods. Periodic episodes of fecal smearing in the remote period in 45 (7.53%) children were eliminated by conservative treatment. The success of this technique is confirmed by a much lower number of early (2.51%) and late (2.36%) postoperative surgical complications, as compared to those after using other methods of open surgical correction - 17.52% and 16.35%, respectively.
Conclusions. Surgical correction of Hirschsprung's disease in children using the Soave-Boley technique with manual colorectal anastomosis allows better control over applying each suture, anatomical joining the edges of the bowel, and reducing trauma to the rectal mucosa, which ensures the high reliability of colorectal anastomosis; it is the most effective way of radical correcting Hirschsprung' s disease in children in an open way in one-stage or two-stage interventions, and this technique is the operation of choice for secondary surgical correction of Hirschsprung's disease.
Disposition and Challenges of Alternative to Physical Classroom Teaching and Learning in a Pandemic; an Appraisal of Biochemistry Students COVID-19 Learning with WhatsApp
Authors: Ossai Peter Agbadobi Uloku , Ogwu Chukwudi , Ichipi-Ifukor Patrick Chukwuyenum , Achuba Fidelis Ifeakachuku
Published: December 2020

The objective of the study was to assess the disposition and challenges of students towards teaching and learning of biochemistry through WhatsApp.
Materials and Methods. The study was a cross-sectional survey which had 200 level (Second Year) and 400 level (Fourth Year) students of biochemistry as respondents. Data collection was done using a self-developed questionnaire administered through the WhatsApp group created for learning and collected through a designated e-mail address. Data analysis was carried out using the mean and standard deviation setting a mean score of 2.5 as a benchmark for accepting or rejecting statements made in the questionnaire.
Results. The study revealed that students had a level of openness to using online teaching resources for biochemistry; they do not believe that the use of WhatsApp for teaching and learning of biochemistry as a means of alternative to face to face classroom interaction will be effective in imparting the right knowledge in biochemistry. Several challenges identified are linked to not just money but is hinged around the curriculum structure of the biochemistry programme.
Conclusion. It is concluded that WhatsApp represents a potential means of instruction but may be hampered by challenges hinged on the curriculum structure of biochemistry.