bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estudio de la capacidad antifúngica de levaduras del kefir y su potencial como agente de biocontrol en maíz
Authors:   , Moure María Candela
Published: February 2025

El kefir es una bebida fermentada que contiene microrganismos probióticos, la cual se obtiene colocando gránulos de kefir en un sustrato adecuado. Los gránulos de kefir son un consorcio de bacterias y levaduras inmersas en una matriz de exopolisacáridos. El objetivo de esta investigación fue el aislamiento e identificación de levaduras a partir de kefir de diferente origen para la evaluación de la capacidad antifúngica frente a Aspergillus spp. y Fusarium graminearum, y la caracterización de rasgos relacionados con la virulencia, con el fin de una posible aplicación en maíz. Usando RFLP de la región ITS1/ITS2 y genes específicos, secuenciación de la región D1/D2 y técnicas RAPD, se identificaron 25 aislamientos del kefir como Geotrichum candidum, Pichia kudriavzevii, P. membranifaciens, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida ethanolica y C. boidinii. Se evaluó su capacidad antifúngica por la reducción de la germinación de conidios, lo que permitió seleccionar ocho aislados con alta a moderada reducción de la germinación de conidios frente a A. flavus y A. parasiticus. Además, estos aislados seleccionados mostraron inhibición del crecimiento por contacto en el ensayo de cultivo dual para ambas especies de Aspergillus y de F. graminearum y 3 de ellos ‒pertenecientes a las especies S. cerevisiae y P. kudriavzevii‒ generaron compuestos orgánicos volátiles que afectaron significativamente el crecimiento de los hongos. Adicionalmente se observó un efecto sobre la producción de deoxinivalenol por parte de F. graminearum al ser coincubados en medio PDA en placas de Petri y se determinó la capacidad de capturar aflatoxina B1 en buffer PBS. Para la evaluación de los rasgos relacionados con la virulencia, se analizó el crecimiento a altas temperaturas, las actividades enzimáticas, la resistencia al pasaje gastrointestinal simulado y la adhesión a células Caco-2. Los aislamientos no presentaron más de un rasgo positivo relacionado con la virulencia simultáneamente. En particular, es importante resaltar que la capacidad de adhesión al modelo de barrera intestinal fue extremadamente baja para todos ellos. De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos, se procedió con el estudio de la actividad antifúngica contra A. flavus de los aislamientos aplicados a maíz molido en condiciones de minisilo. En donde se evidenció que los aislamientos pertenecientes a G. candidum y S. cerevisiae tuvieron un efecto sobre el crecimiento del hongo filamentoso, de acuerdo al recuento en placa y PCR cuantitativa, y sobre la producción de aflatoxinas. Por otro lado, cuando se empleó el kefir de agua entero se obtuvo un mayor efecto antifúngico. Cabe destacar la importancia del estudio del comportamiento de los aislamientos individuales que conforman el consorcio, dado que la variabilidad inherente al mismo complejiza su aplicación como agente de biocontrol.
Pudina (Mentha Arvensis): Review on a Medicinal Uses
Authors: Mohite Onkar Sunil , Ramchandra Gorad Tushar , SureshSale Shreeyash , MarutiKale Vishal , Mahadev Raut. Deepak
Published: February 2025

Pudina, commonly known as mint, is
a versatile herb widely recognized for its aromatic
leaves and numerous medicinal, culinary, and
therapeutic properties. Rich in menthol, it offers a
refreshing taste and is often used in beverages,
sauces, and desserts. Beyond its culinary uses, mint
is known for its digestive benefits, including
soothing stomach discomfort, alleviating
indigestion, and reducing nausea. Additionally, its
anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties make
it valuable in holistic wellness practices. Pudina's
essential oils have antimicrobial effects, making it a
natural remedy for respiratory issues and skin
irritations. With a long history of use in traditional
medicine, pudina continues to be a popular choice
for enhancing both flavor and health.In culinary
applications, pudina is used to enhance the flavor
of dishes, beverages, sauces, and salads. It pairs
well with both sweet and savory recipes and is
often used in chutneys, teas, and cocktails like the
classic mojito.
Beyond the kitchen, pudina has a long history in
traditional medicine for its therapeutic qualities.
The herb is known for its digestive benefits, such as
relieving indigestion, bloating, and nausea. Its
active compound, menthol, is widely recognized
for its cooling sensation and soothing effect on the
stomach and respiratory system.
The Role of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Solving the Housing Gap in the US for Low-Income Families
Authors: Ademowo Adedotun , Osigwe Ifeanyi
Published: February 2025

The affordable housing crisis in the United States
disproportionately affects low-income families,
with millions facing severe housing cost burdens
and limited access to adequate housing. This article
explores the potential of generative artificial
intelligence (AI) to address this housing gap by
providing innovative, data-driven solutions that
optimize housing development, design, and
construction processes. By leveraging AI for
predictive analysis, automated design, and
construction optimization, stakeholders can
significantly reduce costs, increase efficiency, and
create sustainable housing that meets the needs of
low-income populations. The article examines how
AI can accurately predict future housing demand,
generate efficient building designs, and streamline
construction processes, while also addressing
challenges such as equity, bias in AI models, and
technical and financial barriers to implementation.
Additionally, recommendations are provided for
policymakers, developers, and community
organizations to ensure that AI-driven housing
solutions are deployed equitably and effectively.
This paper concludes that while AI is not a
standalone solution to the housing crisis, it has the
potential to complement existing strategies and
significantly improve access to affordable housing
for low-income families across the U.S.
Innovation and Entrepreneurship: Driving engine of the medical product industry
Authors: Seyednouri Mirmohammad , Farzpourmachiani Mehdi , Fojlaley Mehrdad , Baroness Rajacic Snjezana
Published: February 2025

The medical device industry, as a dynamic and
growing sector, is severely influenced by
innovation and entrepreneurship.In this article, the
pivotal role of innovation and entrepreneurship in
the progress of this industry is discussed. Focusing
on the challenges in the healthcare sector and the
growing needs of patients, it emphasizes the
importance of developing new technologies and
entrepreneurial solutions to provide more efficient
and cost-effective medical products and services.
This article examines the concepts of innovation
and entrepreneurship in the healthcare sector and
then analyzes how these two factors affect the
medical device industry. Also, the obstacles and
challenges faced by entrepreneurs in this field are
investigated and solutions are provided to solve
these obstacles. Finally, considering the importance
of investing in the health sector, the role of
investors in supporting startups in the field of
medicine and the development of new technologies
is discussed. The results of this research show that
innovation and entrepreneurship not only help the
growth and development of the medical product
industry, but also, they also lead to improving the
quality of medical services and increasing patients'
access to new technologies. Supporting the
entrepreneurial ecosystem in the field of health,
through investment, appropriate policies and the
creation of the necessary infrastructure, can help
the evolution of this industry and improve the
health status of the society.
Experimental Study on Flexural Behaviour of RCC Beam Using Natural Fiber Wrapping
Authors: Mr.N. Moorthi Mr.N. Moorthi , Mr.A.Jayabal Mr.A.Jayabal , Kumar S. Manoj
Published: February 2025

For a variety of causes, the infrastructure
associated with Reinforced Concrete (RC)
constructions has been shown to be structurally
deficient, and the ageing of such structures is
frequently recorded. The External strengthening
using jute fibre Composites are rapidly gaining
acceptance as a cost effective and widely accepted
in engineering practice. However, this system
requires specialized surface preparation of the
concrete to develop adequate bond strength
between the jute fibre strip the concrete substrate.
The main objective of this investigation the
behaviour of RC beams. The beams were tested
until failure to understand the contribution of
fasteners on the behavior of RC beams. The
experimental results revealed that the introduction
of fasteners significantly increases the composite
action between the concrete and jute fibre. To study
the flexural behaviour of RC beams strengthened
using natural fibre wrapping. To study the
behaviour of reinforced concrete beams with and
without FRPScheme of wrapping, Types of FRP
used.To increase ductility of concrete beam
whenever repair and strengthening process
involved. To study the behaviour of concrete beam
with and without FRP strengthening techniques.To
study flexural behaviour of beam under loading
conditions. To arrive the mix ratio for
M40Comparitive study on increased strength of
beam by using jute fibre retrofitting techniques.
Change Management Strategies for Implementing Digital Assessment in Higher Education Institutions in Malaysia: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Jefrizal Bin Jamaluddin Sheikh , Binti Saleh Dr. Normazaini , Binti Othman Dr.Norziah , Murni Binti Yunus Dr.Mawar
Published: February 2025

This study explores change management strategies
to implement digital assessments in higher
education institutions in Malaysia, with a particular
focus on University Islam Selangor. It addresses
the ongoing global shift towards digital assessment
and the challenges specific to Malaysia, such as
resistance from metric lecturers and inadequate
change management frameworks. Through a
mixed-methods approach, the research investigates
the current state of digital assessment
implementation, factors influencing acceptance and
resistance, and proposes strategies to foster
smoother transitions. The theoretical grounding
draws on Lewin’s Change Management Model and
the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of
Technology (UTAUT). The findings contribute to
the academic discourse on educational reform and
offer practical guidance for university
administrators on how to effectively manage
transitions to digital assessment systems. The
research also highlights the importance of
leadership, communication, and professional
development in overcoming barriers and ensuring
successful adoption of new technologies in
education.
Predicting Equipment Failures Using Artificial Intelligence: A Proactive Approach
Authors: Akinbolajo Olayinka
Published: February 2025

In today's fast-paced industrial landscape,
equipment downtime can have significant
economic consequences. The ability to predict
equipment failures before they occur is a critical
capability for industries dependent on complex
machinery and infrastructure. Traditional
maintenance strategies, such as reactive
maintenance and time-based maintenance, often
fail to provide optimal solutions in terms of costeffectiveness and efficiency. This paper explores
the potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in
revolutionizing equipment maintenance by
enabling proactive failure prediction. We delve into
various AI techniques, including machine learning,
deep learning, and statistical modeling, and discuss
their strengths and weaknesses in different
equipment failure scenarios. Furthermore, we
examine the crucial aspects of AI-powered
predictive maintenance (PdM) implementation,
including data collection, model development, and
integration with existing maintenance systems.
Real-world case studies are presented to
demonstrate the practical applications and benefits
of AI-driven PdM. Finally, we discuss the future
directions of this field, emphasizing the potential
for improved reliability, reduced downtime, and
optimized resource allocation through
advancements in explainable AI, edge computing,
and integration with the Internet of Things (IoT).
Optimal InventoryManagement for Deteriorating and Ameliorating Items with Stochastic Demand and Time-varying Holding Cost.
Authors: Mandal Dr. Biswaranjan
Published: February 2025

The present paper deals with an optimal inventory
management for deteriorating and ameliorating
items with stochasticdemand in which shortages are
allowed withfully backlogged. The holding cost
follows time dependent. Here deterioration is timevarying and the environment of amelioration
followedby a two-parameter Weibull (Swedish
engineer Wallodi Weibull) distribution to describe
the different life spans effectively by utilizing the
changes of the parameters. The demand pattern is
assumed to be linearly dependent on to time with a
stochastic error. The model is minimized to the
total average cost by finding optimal values. The
developed model is illustrated by a numerical
example and finally the sensitivity analysis for the
optimal solutions towards the changes in the values
of key parameters has been presented.
Efficiency in Foreign Banks –DEA Approach
Authors: Dr.S. Suresh Dr.S. Suresh , Dr. P. Ramana Reddy Dr. P. Ramana Reddy , Dr.A.Madhu Dr.A.Madhu
Published: February 2025

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a methodology based upon an interesting application of linear programming. It was originally developed for performance measurement. It has been successfully employed for assessing the relative performance of a set of firms that use variety of identical inputs to produce a variety of identical outputs. The main aim of the research is to measure the Efficiency of Foreign Banks by using Data Envelopment Analysis Models.
Effect of hematoma-induced changes in auricular hardness, thickness and volume on the propagation components of cartilage conduction hearing: assessments by hearing threshold and ear canal sound pressure
Authors: Tamura Akane , Otsuka Sho , Nakagawa Seiji
Published: February 2025

Cartilage conduction (CC) is a method of perceiving sounds via biological tissues by presenting a transducer to the auricular cartilage. Unlike conventional bone conduction perceived via bony sections of the skull, conduction through light auricular cartilage requires a weak force, resulting in lesser pain. CC is useful in individuals with auricular deformities such as auricular hematoma, in whom, ordinary earphones are unsuitable. However, hematoma-induced changes in the hardness, thickness, and volume of auricular cartilage might affect CC perception. This study investigated the effects of these factors on perception and sound propagation in CC by measuring hearing threshold and ear-canal sound pressure (ECSP) in individuals with normal-ear-morphology and auricular hematoma. The results showed that increased hardness, thickness, and estimated hematoma volume were associated with low ECSP and high hearing thresholds at 250–1000 Hz suggesting that increased auricular mass and greater transducer-to-eardrum distance reduced vibration and/or air-conduction efficiency, potentially impacting CC perception.
Implementasi Bimbingan Moralitas Yayasan Rumah Impian Indonesia dalam Meningkatkan Resiliensi Anak Jalanan di Yogyakarta
Authors: Qotimah Alda Nurul , Hakim Lukman
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi implementasi bimbingan moralitas yang dilakukan oleh Yayasan Rumah Impian Indonesia dalam meningkatkan resiliensi anak jalanan. Dream House memberdayakan anak jalanan untuk melakukan transformasi menjadi pribadi yang mandiri dan peduli bersama. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan moralitas pada diri anak jalanan adalah dengan hadirnya Yayasan Rumah Impian Indonesia sebagai wadah edukasi khususnya di bidang moral anal jalanan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, dokumentasi, dan wawancara mendalam dengan enam (6) anak binaan dan satu (1) pengurus yayasan.  Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Yayasan Rumah Impian Yogyakarta memberikan bimbingan moralitas secara maksimal kepada anak binaan dan memberikan dampak positif yang dirasakan oleh anak jalanan dengan meliputi peningkatan moralitas dan resiliensi yang terlihat dari perkembangan emosional dan sosial mereka, anak – anak binaan menunjukkan harapan dan cita – cita yang beragam, yang mencerminkan aspirasi mereka untuk masa depan yang lebih baik.
Implementasi Data Mining untuk Clustering Lowongan Pekerjaan Menggunakan Metode Algoritma K-Means
Authors: Mubarok Rifqi , Syahputra Akhmal Angga , Permana Abdillah Teguh , Sholiah Lifa , Tarwoto
Published: February 2025

Perkembangan teknologi digital telah mengubah cara bisnis merekrut karyawan secara online. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuat dashboard interaktif yang mempermudah pencari kerja dan perusahaan, menggunakan metode clustering dengan algoritma K-Means untuk menganalisis data lowongan kerja di Amerika Serikat. Data dari dataset Kaggle LinkedIn Job Postings 2023, mencakup 33.000 data, diproses menggunakan tahapan CRISP-DM: pemahaman bisnis, pemahaman data, persiapan data, pemodelan, evaluasi, dan penyebaran. Analisis clustering menghasilkan empat kategori pekerjaan: pekerjaan umum tingkat rendah-menengah, pekerjaan eksekutif tingkat tinggi, pekerjaan berbasis waktu, dan pekerjaan profesional tingkat atas-menengah. Evaluasi model menunjukkan kualitas klaster yang baik dengan Silhouette Coefficient (0,78) dan Davies-Bouldin Index (0,55). Dashboard yang dibangun membantu perusahaan merencanakan perekrutan dan pencari kerja menemukan pekerjaan sesuai keterampilan dan ekspektasi gaji. Kontribusi praktis penelitian ini adalah memodernisasi proses rekrutmen, membantu perusahaan dan agensi rekrutmen menyaring kandidat secara lebih efisien, serta meningkatkan kecocokan pekerjaan melalui analisis data yang lebih mendalam.
Pengembangan Aplikasi Mobile untuk Pembukuan dan Kasir Usaha Laundry dengan Metode User-Centered Design
Authors: Ananda Ricky Reza , Hidayat Syarif
Published: February 2025

Usaha laundry merupakan sebuah usaha yang umum ditemukan di sekitar tempat kita tinggal, usaha ini termasuk kedalam usaha mikro, kecil dan menengah (UMKM). Dalam pengoperasiannya, sebuah usaha akan melakukan pembukuan yang berguna untuk memonitori arus keuangan usaha tersebut. Dengan adanya kemajuan teknologi, kegiatan pembukuan bisa dilakukan dengan menggunakan smartphone kita. Oleh karena itu penilitian ini ditujukan untuk pembuatan aplikasi pembukuan dan juga aplikasi kasir dalam satu aplikasi bernama LaPlus. Metode yang digunakan untuk membuat aplikasi ini yaitu User Centered Design (UCD) yang berfokus kepada pengguna aplikasi itu sendiri sehingga aplikasi yang dikembangkan sesuai dengan harapan pengguna. Serta pengujian usability testing dengan hasil 89% keberhasilan yang menunjukan hasil desain yang digunakan dapat dipahami dan diterima oleh pengguna.
Pengaruh Terpaan Media TikTok dan Kampanye #CreatorContribution @Pandawaragroup terhadap Perilaku Peduli Lingkungan Pengikut
Authors: Simamora Sabar Ernesto Sanchez , Nugroho Widyo
Published: February 2025

This study aims to determine whether there is an effect of tiktok media exposure and the #creatorcontribution campaign on followers' environmental care behavior, and the theory used in this study is Social Cognitive Theory. The research method used in this research is the Quantitative method, by collecting data through a survey using a questionnaire filled out by randomly selected respondents. by distributing questionnaires to respondents who are followers of the Tiktok Pandawaragroup account, a minimum of 400 respondents were obtained which were calculated using the slovin formula, which was then processed using SPSS version 25. The results of the research obtained from 400 respondents show that there is a very strong influence between Tiktok Media Exposure and the #creatorcontribution Campaign made by Pandawara Group on the Environmental Care Behavior of its Followers, the results of the study indicate that there is an influence on Tiktok media exposure and the #creatorcontribution campaign from the Tiktok @pandawaragroup account has an influence on the environmental care behavior of its followers.
Implementasi Sistem Pakar untuk Diagnosis Penyakit Lambung Menggunakan Pendekatan Fuzzy Mamdani Berbasis Website
Authors: Yansyah Ilham Roni , Atmaja Dewi Marini Umi , Hakim Arif Rahman , Suwaryo Niko
Published: February 2025

This study aims to develop a more specific diagnostic approach for various gastric diseases in humans, such as gastritis, peptic ulcers, gastric cancer, gastric tumors or polyps, dyspepsia, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), gastroparesis, and gastroenteritis. This approach seeks to enhance the accuracy of disease identification based on more detailed symptoms. An expert system utilizing the Fuzzy Mamdani method is designed to reduce reliance on internal medicine specialists, enabling patients to gain preliminary insights into the type of gastric disease they may have. This expert system is implemented on a web-based platform, leveraging information technology to integrate large-scale databases, supporting efficiency, accuracy, and relevance to the latest developments in medical science. By analyzing digestive disorder symptoms, the system can provide detailed diagnoses, offer insights into identified symptoms, and recommend appropriate treatment solutions.
Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Menggunakan Technology Acceptance Model (TAM)
Authors: Solehuddin M.
Published: February 2025

The advancement of information technology in the era of globalization has a significant impact on obtaining information, especially in the field of education. The right lesson plan must be made by educators as a supporter of success in advancing the education and learning process in schools.  This study aims to apply the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) in analyzing the extent to which the information system developed can be accepted by users and influence user behavior in using the information system for assessing the quality of the lesson plan. This study uses TAM as an analytical framework to evaluate the level of acceptance of the system and produces output in the form of how high the level of acceptance of the information system created. This study uses the construct variables are convenience, usefulness, and acceptance of IT to be analyzed using SmartPLS. The results obtained show that the convenience variable and the usefulness variable have a positive effect on IT acceptance.
A INFLUÊNCIA DA POSIÇÃO MATERNA NO PERÍODO EXPULSIVO E O RESULTADO A NÍVEL PERINEAL: REVISÃO SCOPING
Authors: Cordeiro Joana , Freitas Maria João , Presado Helena
Published: February 2025

A maioria das mulheres cerca de 85%, ao longo do trabalho de parto, sofrem algum tipo de lesão perineal, que pode ser espontânea, ou através da episiotomia. A posição que a parturiente adota no período expulsivo, origina resultados diferentes quanto ao tipo de lesão perineal, pelo que é necessário entender os fatores envolvidos no processo do parto. O objetivo é mapear a evidência científica sobre a posição da parturiente no período expulsivo e o resultado a nível perineal. Revisão Scoping (RS), em quatro bases de dados: MEDLINE, CINAHL, BOn e PubMed. A questão de pesquisa foi “Qual o resultado a nível perineal face à posição adotada pela parturiente no período expulsivo?” formulada com recurso à mnemónica PCC - População (parturientes), Conceito (posição da parturiente no período expulsivo e os resultados produzidos a nível perineal) e Contexto (período expulsivo). Identificaram-se 107 artigos, excluíram-se os duplicados, após leitura do título e resumo selecionaram-se 13 artigos para leitura integral e incluíram-se 13 artigos na RS. Com a utilização de posições verticalizadas no período expulsivo, há uma maior taxa de integridade perineal, contudo há mais lacerações perineais de grau I e II, em comparação com as posições horizontais. Nas posições de litotomia e semi-sentada há maior taxa de episiotomia e menor de lacerações perineais de grau I e II. Existem outros fatores que podem influenciar a ocorrência de lacerações, tais como o uso de técnicas para proteção perineal, as condições do períneo e a paridade. O resultado perineal é influenciado pela posição adotada pela parturiente, os profissionais de saúde devem estar munidos de técnicas e conhecimentos para facilitarem diferentes posições, de acordo, com as necessidades, decisões e conforto da parturiente.
P. Laur. IV 169 recto & verso: re-edition. An epistula of Constantine I and official correspondence
Authors:   University of Warsaw, Nowak Maria
Published: February 2025

A full edition of the papyrus Biblioteca Laurenziana PL III/684, including both the recto (previously published as P. Laur. IV 169) and the verso, along with an interpretation of the papyrus in light of the system of publication of imperial leges generales. The recto is the copy of a law of Constantine I, while the verso preserves official correspondence mentioning a governor’s προσταγματα.
Nomikoi in (and out of) the Roman courts in Roman Egypt
Authors:   University of Warsaw, Urbanik Jakub ,   Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität
Published: February 2025

In this essay I undertake a thorough study of the occurrences of the nomikoi in the papyri from the Roman times. The term appears in our sources in two, prima facie, distinctive environments. Firstly, they are to be found in the Roman courts in Egypt serving the Roman judges as the source of knowledge of the law – almost exclusively local – and its interpretation. In this function, they are akin to the professional jurists who, back in Rome, assisted her magistrates – only infrequently experienced jurists – in legal matters. Secondly, the nomikoi play part in composition of specialised legal documents, specific to Roman law proper, by the local population, they also appear in the documents related to private afairs. The second area of activity seems slightly posterior. This function develops further around early third century ad into a notarial one, which will become the sole, or almost sole, meaning of the term nomikos in the times to follow. The scrutiny of the available material has allowed to postulate that the rise of the former significance function may be due to the Roman administration, and particular to Egypt only. It may have later been popularised in the military milieu to denote legal experts for private individuals – thus this latter term would be derivative. A catalogue of nomikoi in the papyri has been appended.
Comparison of Length of Stay of Severe and Critical COVID-19 Patients with Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, and Other Comorbidities
Authors: Sugiri Yani Jane , Fatoni Arie Zainul , Rosita Theresia Daniella
Published: February 2025

Background: Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) is caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2). In 2020, a disease known as COVID-19 became a global pandemic. This disease can spread through the air or mucosal contact with the body. The impact of COVID-19 varies greatly from person to person and depends on various factors, including any pre-existing health conditions. This study aimed to determine the hospitalization period for severe and critical COVID-19 patients with comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, obesity, heart failure, stroke, pregnancy, coronary artery disease, and asthma in the Intensive Care Unit at RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar in Malang.
Methods: This study used an observational analysis method by taking secondary data from medical records and out-of-hospital data of patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit. The data that has been collected is carried out by a normality test using the Saphiro-Wilk test then the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Dunn test as a follow-up test.
Results: The study was dominated by subjects less than 60 years of age, male, and most had comorbidities.  It was found that only in death outcome group has a significance value of P<0.05, with the longest hospital stays in patients without comorbidities and patients with diabetes mellitus only (ICU Median=7.5 days), while the shortest length of stay was obtained in patients with comorbidities other than diabetes and hypertension (ICU Median=3.5 days).
Conclusion:  The presence of multiple comorbidities in patients is associated with greater severity of illness, resulting in longer hospital stays among those who are discharged. Conversely, patients who experience death outcomes tend to have shorter lengths of stay in the hospital.
Institutionalized Ostracism
Authors: Evans Danieli
Published: February 2025

Belonging is a fundamental need, like food or water. Hundreds of social psychology studies find that people who are ostracized (excluded, rejected, or ignored) experience severe pain and suffering. Ostracism threatens basic needs, triggers the same neurocognitive processing system as physical pain, and impairs functioning. Furthermore, ostracized people may cope in ways that beget “deviant” labeling and further ostracism.

Belonging and ostracism are prevalent themes in social psychology research, but these constructs have received relatively little attention in law. This Article begins to explore the implications of this research for law. I make three contributions: First, I name and describe the phenomenon of “institutionalized ostracism”: When government institutions ostracize people in ways that threaten their sense of belonging. This institutionalized ostracism is mostly lawful under current anti- discrimination law. Second, I draw from social psychology literature to explain why institutionalized ostracism is so harmful—in some ways comparable to physical violence. Third, I identify and critique several ways in which current jurisprudence supports and facilitates institutionalized ostracism. In discussing these, I make some preliminary suggestions as to how our jurisprudence ought to attend to the harm of ostracism.
Reformed But Not Repaired
Authors: Johnson Nia
Published: February 2025

Traditionally, scholars and policymakers concerned with making improvements to health care systems and structures have focused on insurance reform. The ACA— the United States’ most recent and substantial healthcare reform—was hoped to be an intervention that would help provide equity to all Americans. Indeed, scholars and policymakers viewed increasing access to health care through insurance coverage as a victory. And yet, despite these interventions, the COVID-19 pandemic revealed a number of policy gaps that disproportionately impacted racial minorities. Specifically, racially marginalized Americans still experienced the starkest disparities in COVID-19 complications and mortality. This has left scholars and policymakers to answer why these disparities existed in an environment where there was supposed to be greater equity across demographic groups in their access to healthcare.

This Article contributes to these conversations by exploring this gap. Specifically, this Article argues that insurance reform is ill-suited to dismantle structural inequalities in health. Indeed, this Article suggests that structural racism’s impact is so profound that it may dull the impact of insurance policy. Racialized minorities that have consistently experienced de jure and de facto structural racism, decreased access to desirable social determinants of health, and poor public health infrastructure are not as equipped to weather major health crises as communities that do not have these challenges. The impact of historically discriminatory policies on minority communities set them up for public health failure and persistent health disparities. Utilizing a case study on Flint, Michigan and an original empirical study on lead exposure and COVID-19 mortality, the Article examines the relationship that structural racism has with social determinants of health, with a specific emphasis on infrastructure. To make progress on equity within the health care system, policymakers and scholars must reframe their thinking from insurance reform to more expansive viewpoints on public health policy within the United States.
Pengembangan Pendidikan Moderasi Beragama pada Usia Remaja
Authors: Haryanto Rizki , Delon Julian , Wahyudi Wahyudi
Published: February 2025

The aim of this study is to ascertain the progress of religious moderation education among adolescents and to identify any uncertainties they may have regarding religion and religious moderation. This study employs a literature review research methodology. The book "Citizenship Education and Religious Moderation" serves as the primary data source for this research. Data was gathered via documentation studies, wherein we sought out data in the form of written records, such as notes, transcripts, books, journals, papers, articles, websites, minutes, and similar sources. The primary data sources employed are the book "Citizenship Education and Religious Moderation," scholarly journals, and documents pertaining to the advancement of religious moderation education in teenagers. The research findings indicate that there are fluctuations in the inclination of adolescents and young people to practice religious moderation, which suggests a potential decline in the values of religious moderation. To counteract this trend and promote religious moderation among adolescents, it is recommended to provide religious moderation education within the family setting and make it mandatory in the broader environment. The education of the younger generation should focus on instilling a mindset and thoughts that promote religious moderation and civilization. It is crucial for the younger generation to prioritize tolerant behavior towards other religions, both within the school environment and in the wider community. This will foster harmony and unity among different religions, leading to lasting wholeness and unity.
The Development of Religious Moderation among Adolescents: An Islamic Education Perspective
Authors: Nurteti Lilis , Endang Ujang , Yasin Alifa Irna , Lesmana Belda Nurmultiefa
Published: February 2025

This study seeks to provide a detailed analysis of the progression of religious moderation in adolescents. This study employs a descriptive methodology. The approach of literature review was employed for data collecting. The collected data include hypotheses, empirical evidence, and documentation pertaining to the cultivation of religious moderation among adolescents. Data analysis utilizes interactive analysis, which is a method derived from the outcomes of inquiries and responses, written records, and conclusions to enhance comprehension. The cultivation of religious moderation among youths is a valuable resource for the state's future. Indonesia, as the largest Islamic country globally, should serve as an example for other nations in fostering genuine unity and moderation among teenagers. This is particularly crucial for Islamic Religious Education instructors, who have the responsibility of meeting this need. The responsibility of Islamic religious education teachers is to cultivate a mindset that is moderate and non-radical, and to address all issues in a balanced and inclusive manner.
Musicalization of Qashîdah Burdah in the Horizon of Islamic Education
Authors: Ainusyamsi Fadlil Yani
Published: February 2025

The objective of this study is to comprehend the process of incorporating music into the Qashîdah Burdah within the context of Islamic education. The employed methodology is literature review. The integration of Qashîdah Burdah into Islamic education can be categorized as part of the nasyîd genre, which includes religious advice (tawâshih dîniyyah), religious qasidahs (qashâ'id dîniyyah), birthday texts (mawlid), prayer texts (ibtihâlat), religious stories (qishshah dîniyyah), dhikr, and religious songs (aghâny dîniyyah). other forms of religious oral literature have been disseminated to the public through live presentations and other media platforms, either independently or in conjunction with each other. The nasyîd genres are essentially musical interpretations of Arabic poetry and prose that include pleas to God and expressions of praise for the Prophet Muhammad, employing eloquent language. Utilizing Qashîdah Burdah as a musical form in Islamic education can serve as a means to impart character qualities and foster the development of children's personalities, promoting maturity, stability, and steadfastness.
Critical Thinking and Attitude in Islamic Education: A Literature Review
Authors: Muniroh Nunung
Published: February 2025

This article seeks to examine the pivotal role of Islamic education in addressing and reacting to the issues of cultivating critical thinking and critical attitudes. This study used a literature review methodology, which entails the investigation, synthesis, and evaluation of existing literature to address research questions or get a comprehensive understanding of a topic. This essay conducts a thorough examination of the current literature to gain a comprehensive knowledge of how Islamic education can effectively equip Muslim individuals to navigate the dynamic world. This literature study delineates several aspects that foster the development of critical thinking and critical attitudes in Islamic education, encompassing the influence of digital technology, the dynamics of globalization, and developing societal concerns. This article offers several ideas derived from the examined literature to tackle these difficulties and guarantee that Islamic education continues to be pertinent and effective in fostering critical thinking and attitudes necessary to confront evolving circumstances. This article aims to significantly contribute to the advancement of quality Islamic education capable of addressing the complexities of the current period.
INCULCATION OF VALUES THROUGH EDUCATION: RELEVANCE IN TODAY’S EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM FOR CREATING A BETTER HUMAN SOCIETY
Authors: Dr. M. Ravi Babu
Published: February 2025

A value stands for ideals men live for. Values are part and parcel of the philosophy of a nation and that of its education system. They are the guiding principles of life which are conducive to all round development. With a well designed system of curriculum, it is possible to make education a forceful tool for the cultivation of desirable ethical, spiritual and social values. Education should foster universal and eternal values. In attempt to inculcate values through education, we need to draw freely upon our own traditions as well as the traditions of the other countries and cultures of the world. Value education should help to eliminate obscurantism, religious fanatics, violence, superstitution and fatalism. Education which inculcates universal and eternal values like compassion, coverage, honesty, tolerance and truthfulness etc., will help in developing balanced, individuals and in creating better human society. The paper discusses the need and importance of values in the present scenario and also suggests suitable measures in reinforcing them in education for creating a better human society to live in.
KEY WORDS: Teacher Education, Values, Honesty, Violence.
Czarny kryminał i nieklasyczna narracja. „Wielki sen” Howarda Hawksa, „Żegnaj laleczko” Edwarda Dmytryka i „Tajemnica jeziora” Roberta Montgomery’ego
Authors: Włodek Patrycja
Published: February 2025

Film noir, jeden z najpopularniejszych nurtów lat 40. w Hollywood, oferował nie tylko specyficzną estetykę, ekspresjonistyczny styl filmowania, postać prywatnego detektywa i demonicznej femme fatale, ale też próby eksperymentowania z narracją filmową. Jego twórcy, stosując narrację pierwszoosobową lub jej ekwiwalenty, nie tylko dochowywali „wierności” adaptowanym powieściom hard-boiled fiction, ale też zauważali nieadekwatność linearnej narracji klasycznej do nastrojów panujących w USA czasu II wojny światowej i okresu powojennego. Trzy adaptacje klasyka czarnego kryminału, Raymonda Chandlera, czyli Żegnaj laleczko (1944) Edwarda Dmytryka, Tajemnica jeziora (1945) Roberta Montgomery’ego i Wielki sen (1946) Howarda Hawksa, przyniosły trzy strategie narracyjne – od pojedynczych sekwencji obrazujących stany mentalne bohatera, aż po narrację swobodnie zależną, gdy bohater obecny jest w każdym kadrze, oraz realizację prawie wszystkich scen tzw. kamerą subiektywną. Jednocześnie tendencje eksperymentatorskie powściągane były przez konserwatywne nastawienie panujące w Hollywood oraz zabiegi autocenzuralne, obrazując interesująca walkę między nowatorstwem a ujęciem klasycznym.
O narracji „Eroiki”. Nowa technika – nowy język
Authors: Hendrykowski Marek
Published: February 2025

Hendrykowski analizuje Eroikę Andrzeja Munka – jedno z najświetniejszych dokonań polskiej szkoły filmowej. Artyzm i wielkość tego filmu – zauważa autor – wynikają bezpośrednio z oryginalnej formy narracji, jaką posłużył się reżyser. W Eroice niemal wszystko było nowe, świeże, odkrywcze, a osiągnięto to również dzięki przyzwoitemu wyposażeniu technicznemu ekipy (np. sprowadzone w tamtym czasie z Zachodu dźwiękowe kamery Super Parvo i Éclair umożliwiły twórcom pełne inwencji posłużenie się nowymi sposobami oświetlenia i zastosowania dźwięku). Autor twierdzi, że odczytanie głębokiej struktury filmu i wyjście poza dotychczasowe powierzchniowe interpretacje jest możliwe dzięki rozpoznaniu specyficznego sposobu narracji, który organizuje i definiuje autorski punkt widzenia, przesądzając o wymowie całości. W swojej analizie Hendrykowski przemierza narracyjny labirynt Eroiki i opisując kolejne chwyty formalne, dociera do ukrytych pod powierzchnią znaczeń. Stwierdza przy tym, że zastosowany przez Munka modus narracji pozornie zależnej angażuje adresata i wciąga go w kuszącą, ryzykowną grę.
Narracja w deszczu. O „Heavy Rain”, przełomowej grze studia Quantic Dream
Authors: Pitrus Andrzej
Published: February 2025

We wstępie autor szkicowo przedstawia postęp technologiczny w dziedzinie gier typu sandbox. Gry tego typu, czyli pozbawione narzuconej interaktantowi linearnej rozgrywki, nie zawładnęły jednak światem interaktywnej rozrywki. Wprawdzie cieszą się dużą popularnością, ale na rynku coraz częściej pojawiają się propozycje linearne, zbliżające się do idei interaktywnego filmu. Prawdziwym przełomem na tym obszarze jest zapewne gra Heavy Rain. Pitrus przypuszcza, że prawdopodobnie da ona początek nowej tendencji w interaktywnej rozrywce i z pewnością będzie wyzwaniem dla teoretyków. Autor zauważa, że ukształtowanie „narracji” w grze Heavy Rain odróżnia ją od większości realizacji interaktywnych, bowiem bohaterowie nie są nieśmiertelni, przy czym w wypadku niepowodzenia na którymś z etapów gra nie kończy się, tylko przybiera inny charakter. Jeśli jesteśmy niezadowoleni z przebiegu wydarzeń, możemy uruchomić je ponownie, by jeszcze raz spróbować wpłynąć na losy bohaterów. Dalszą analizę meandrów narracyjnych Heavy Rain Pitrus wspiera przywołaniem ustaleń teoretycznych Ricka Altmana, Davida Bordwella i Jacka Ostaszewskiego. W konkluzji autor notuje, że przyjemność płynąca z obcowania ze światem Heavy Rain realizuje się przede wszystkim w sferze budowania narracji.
Raport o stanie polskiego filmoznawstwa
Authors: Lubelski Tadeusz
Published: February 2025

Raport przygotowany przez członków Komitetu Nauk o Sztuce PAN na zlecenie kierownictwa Polskiej Akademii Nauk. Autorzy przedstawiają krótką charakterystykę polskiego filmoznawstwa, które na uniwersytetach upowszechniło się – podobnie jak na całym świecie – w latach 70. W Polsce studia filmoznawcze rozwinęły się jako specjalizacje najczęściej w ramach studiów polonistycznych lub kulturoznawczych. Dopiero od niedawna zaczęły powstawać samodzielne filmoznawcze instytuty i kierunki studiów. W dalszej części raportu autorzy skupiają się na historii dotychczasowych opracowań na temat tej dyscypliny, a także przedstawiają wyróżniające się ośrodki naukowe, ich przedstawicieli oraz najważniejsze dokonania wydawnicze z ostatnich pięciu lat. W raporcie zostają również podjęte kwestie popularyzacji wiedzy, czasopism filmoznawczych oraz pożądanych kierunków rozwoju dyscypliny.
Patrick Bokanowski – enigma obrazów
Authors: Giżycki Marcin
Published: February 2025

Giżycki prezentuje sylwetkę Patricka Bokanowskiego – jednego z najbardziej enigmatycznych wielkich reżyserów współczesnego kina. Bokanowski kreuje wizje, ale broni się przed określeniem, że tworzy fantastyczne światy. Szuka sposobów przełamania niedostatków narzędzia (aparatu fotograficznego, kamery), stosuje wielokrotną ekspozycję, filmuje pod światło, zakłóca perspektywę, buduje skomplikowane modele, zatrzymuje ruch, łączy aktora z animacją, rysunkiem, grafiką. Dzięki skomplikowanym procesom kopiowania optycznego manipuluje kolorem, nadaje obrazom fakturę. Bokanowski swoimi filmami składa hołd kinu niememu, które traktuje jako niedokończony projekt przerwany nagłym wprowadzeniem dźwięku. Reżyser pokazuje, ile niewyeksploatowanego potencjału wizualnego tkwi w filmie pozbawionym dialogów, jak bogata i otwarta na interpretacje może być narracja oderwana od słowa.
Młodość i magia kina
Authors: Helman Alicja
Published: February 2025

Autorka recenzuje książkę Łukasza A. Plesnara Twarze westernu (2009) – obszerną, zaopatrzoną w ogromną bibliografię i filmografię publikację poświęconą westernowi jako gatunkowi. Praca Plesnara jest według Helman kompetentnym i wyczerpującym opracowaniem tematu, nad którym autor trudził się przez lata. Książkę cechuje także swego rodzaju encyklopedyczność, która jest właściwa również innym dokonaniom pisarskim Plesnara – wszystkie jego prace mają bowiem wysoką wartość informacyjną i są pod tym względem wręcz zdumiewająco kompletne i wyczerpujące. Recenzentka zaznacza jednak, że owa kompletność – często równoznaczna z przeładowaniem wyliczeniami – może utrudniać lekturę.
„Patrz Kościuszko na nas z...” ekranu. Obraz Naczelnika w filmie
Authors: Włodek Roman
Published: February 2025

Autor analizuje filmy o Tadeuszu Kościuszce. W 1913 r. we Lwowie zrealizowano „Kościuszkę pod Racławicami”. Film, mimo że na poły amatorski, spełnił ważne zadania patriotyczne ukazując – w przededniu I wojny – walkę przeciw Rosji. Odnaleziony jesienią 2009, poddawany jest obecnie renowacji. Efektowne dzieło propagandowe Pod jarzmem tyranów (1916), zachęcające Polaków do walki u boku Austro-Węgier i Prus, nakręcił w Krakowie niemiecki reżyser Franz Porten. Pierwsza miłość Kościuszki (1929) zaprzepaściła szansę ukazania bohatera w życiu prywatnym. Kulminacją Kościuszki pod Racławicami (1938) Józefa Lejtesa była tytułowa bitwa; ze względów na sytuację społeczną w ówczesnej Polsce zminimalizowano w filmie udział chłopów, natomiast ostrzeżenie przed rosyjską zaborczością pozostało aktualne. Po II wojnie Naczelnik – najpierw walczący w Stanach, a potem przeciw Rosji – okazał się być postacią zbyt kontrowersyjną, co satyrycznie pokazał Antoni Bohdziewicz w Kaloszach szczęścia (1958).
W cieniu Elżbiety. Filmowe wizerunki Marii Stuart
Authors: Kazana Bartosz
Published: February 2025

Maria Stuart, królowa Szkocji, ścięta w 1587 roku przez Elżbietę I, należy do najbardziej tragicznych postaci w historii Europy. Przez całe życie pozostawała w cieniu angielskiej kuzynki, z którą łączyły ją nie tylko więzy krwi, ale także zawiłe relacje polityczne. Jako prawnuczka Henryka VII była bowiem prawowitą pretendentką do tronu Anglii. W swoim artykule Kazana śledzi zmieniający się na przestrzeni lat sposób przedstawienia szkockiej królowej w kinematografiach różnych krajów, począwszy od jednominutowej inscenizacji ścięcia władczyni (1895), przez zrealizowany w duchu faszystowskiej propagandy film Carla Froelicha (1942), aż po najważniejsze produkcje tego nurtu – Marię, królową Szkotów (1971) Charlesa Jarrotta i dwuczęściowy film BBC Proch, zdrada i spisek (2004) Gillesa MacKinnona. Kazana osadza swoje rozważania zarówno w kontekście historycznym, jak i filmoznawczym. Analizuje również sposób interpretacji roli Marii Stuart przez tak różne aktorki, jak Katherine Hepburn, Vanessa Redgrave czy Clémence Poésy.