bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Isolation and Purification of Phenanthrene
Authors: Liu Zu Yu , Jin Chang Yi , Fan Ding Hui
Published: December 2011

Isolation and purification of phenanthrene from phenanthrene waste has been studied by two different purification methods: 1) fractionation and acid wash, 2) fractionation, extraction and chemical removal of anthracene. Experimental results showed that, by the two purification methods, the purity of phenanthrene was increased from 50.29% to 86.06% and 96.36%, and the yields of phenanthrene were 26.58% and 60.5%, respectively. Commercial grade phenanthrene was obtained by purification, and the melting point of the products was 96~103°C.
Numerical Study of Percolation Mechanism in Heavy-Oil, Unconsolidated Sandstone Reservoirs with Frac-Pack Wells
Authors: Bian Xiao Bing , Zhang Shi Cheng , Zhang Jing Chen , Liang Hai Ming
Published: December 2011

Due to the faultiness of simulation in heavy-oil, unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs with frac-pack wells, a mathematical model was established considering reservoir stress sensitivity, start-up pressure gradient, and fracture flow conductivity failure. Based on the field data of one block in Bohai Bay, together with the numerical model, the percolation mechanism was studied. Results show that for heavy-oil, unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs with frac-pack wells, the sweep efficiency is enlarged and the reservoir pressure gradient is lowered, which result in better productivity and sand prevention results. The flow pattern is proved to be an intermediate of radial flow and bi-linear flow, which is characterized with the concept of fracture flow ratio. The lower the reservoir permeability, the higher the fracture flow ratio and more likely bi-linear flow pattern occurs, thus the advantage of the frac-pack fracture will become more apparent.
Nickel Ore and its Safe Shipment
Authors: Shen Jiang
Published: December 2011

Many vessels capsized in the passed few years when carry nickel ore, this make many shipowners and crewmembers fear to carry nickel ore . This paper based on the special properties of nickel ore, analysis the root cause why nickel ore are easy to liquefaction when carried on board, demonstrated nickel ore's liquefaction produce large amount of free surface and make vessel loss stability and cause harmful to vessels and crewmembers, summarized additional difficulty vessel encountered when carry nickel ore, based the requirements from IMSBC Code point out the key point of safe transport nickel ore is keep its moisture content below TMP, also represent some useful precautions on nickel ore safe shipment.
Vehicle Interior Low Frequency Noise Optimum Using Substructure Modal Synthesis Method
Authors: Wang Er Bing , Zhou Hong , Xu Hai Qing , Zhang Fang , Wang Jing
Published: December 2011

Combined with the structural dynamic model of a car set up with the substructure modal synthesis method, body panels acoustic contribution was analyzed to reduce the in-car structural noise in low frequency range. The driver-right-ear position was selected as acoustic response point, with the operational vibration response of the dynamic model as boundary condition for acoustic BEM (boundary element model), the panels that attribute most to the in-car noise were located according to ATV (acoustic transfer vector) results. After the vibrational restraint of the crucial panels by corresponding experimental measurement, in idling, the most decrease of main peaks is 5.7dB; the overall level of in-car noise is reduced by 3.89dB. It indicates that the substructure mode synthesis method can provide proper suggestion for optimizing in-car structural noise.
A Study of Antioxidant Activity about Extracts with Different Solvents from Four Chinese Herbal Medicines in Enshi
Authors: Li Qin , Zhang Chi
Published: December 2011

this paper, four kinds of Chinese herbal medicines from Enshi：Camptotheca acuminata, Paris polyphylla Smith, Taxus mairei and Trillium tschonoskii Maxim were respectively extracted by double distilled water, 0.5mol/LNaCl solution, and 75%(v/v) ethanol,using pyrogallol autoxidation method to test the antioxidant activity. The results showed that four kinds of Chinese herbal medicines have certain ability to remove superoxide anion radical and different among them, The ethanol extract of Camptotheca acuminata and water extract of Trillium tschonoskii Maxim have the strongest antioxidant capacity,however all of the salt extract of four Chinese herbal medicines which can hardly remove superoxide anion radical have little antioxidant capacity.
Research and Application of Thiocyanate-Selective Electrodes Based on Copper (II) Complex with Ethylene-Diamine-Bis-(Salicylaldehyde) Base as Carrier
Authors: Xu Gang , Dong Wen Li , Ren Ling Yan
Published: December 2011

A new highly selective poly vinyl chloride (PVC) membrane thiocyanate (SCN–) electrode of copper (II) complex with ethylene-diamine-bis-(salicylaldehyde) [Cu (II)-SALEN] base with neutral carrier was studied, it displays a preferential potentiometric response to SCN– . The electrode exhibited near Nernst potential response to SCN– with a concentration range of 1.0×10-1～1.0×10-7 mol/L, a slope of －46 mV/p SCN– and a detection limit of 3.5×10-8 mol/L in pH5.5 of phosphate buffer solution at 25°C. PVC membrane electrode based on Cu (II)-SALEN had good selectivity to SCN– and some common anions had little interference with it. This electrode was applied to the determination of SCN– in waste water and the result obtained were in good agreement with those of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method.
Reaction Mechanism of 2-Propynyl-Aniline with Propyne
Authors: Zhu Yuan Qiang
Published: December 2011

The reaction mechanism of 2-propynyl-aniline with propyne catalyzed by AuCl3 has been studied by the B3PW91 method with the LANL2DZ effective core potential and basis set for gold, and 6-31G* and 6-311++G** basis set for C,H,O,Cl. The calculated results show that the reaction occurred through eight steps. The hydrogen migration step with the highest activation free energy of 198.13 kJ/mol is the rate determining step. The catalyst is easy to detach from the product with an activation of free energy of 48.83 kJ/mol. In addition, although the reaction has a relative high activation free energy, it can smoothly yield the indole derivatives because it is a strong exothermic reaction of 418.60 kJ/mol.
Fatigue Test on Cold-Recycled Cement Stabilized Base Material
Authors: Zhang Hai , Ma Jing , Liang Chen , Liu Hong Wei
Published: December 2011

In this paper, we present the fatigue equation through the bending fatigue test which is loaded at the three dividing point on the beam specimen and by using the two-parameter we calculate distraughtly the probability distribution of the fatigue life of cold recycling materials. we analysis the mechanism of fatigue damage by analyzing the microscopic composition of the cold recycled materials. The results show that anti-fatigue performance and fatigue life to the stress sensitive degree of cold recycled materials, while in condition of high stress ratio, the content of gravel has limited impact on fatigue performance of cold recycled materials.
The Impact of Alkaline Additives on the Performance of Lubricating Oil
Authors: Meng Fan Sheng , Huang Wen Wei
Published: December 2011

With the development of lubricating oil industry, alkaline additives containing metal ions have become an indispensable add ingredients. Alkaline additives has greatly improved the performance of Lubricating oil, extend the service life significantly and play an important role in protecting the engine, but the excess of alkaline additives on the impact of post-processing engine will have a negative influence. In this paper, alkaline additives, impact on the performance of lubricating oil can be verified through a trial basis, and come to the actual lubricating oil using recommendations.
Comparison between Water Contents Reported and Actual Water Contents in High Speed Diesel Used for Industrial Power Generation in Pakistan to Establish Relationship between NOx Reported and NOx Observed in Industrial Emissions
Authors: Qasmi Farrukh Afaq , Hadis Atif Naveed , Askari Syed Jawid
Published: December 2011

Environmental pollution due to industrial emission is becoming a growing problem day by day and Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) are one of the contributing factors in it. Researchers are in continuous efforts for finding out ways to control these NOx. Out of many, one of the ways to control these NOx is by controlling the volume of water in High Speed Diesel (HSD) used for power generation in Diesel generators (DGs). Water content in HSD provides oxygen for the formation of NOx. Research presented in this paper also revolves around the relation ship between the water contents of HSD and NOx emitted by the DGs. Relevant industrial data of water contents in HSD and NOx percentage in emissions has been collected from selected Industry in Pakistan the largest consumer good manufacturer in Pakistan and one of the largest Multi-national consumer goods manufacturer.
Synthesis of Potassium Ion Sieve Membrane by Secondary Growth Method
Authors: Sun Li Hui , Yuan Jun Sheng , Fu Yun Peng , Hou Jin , Zhu Kong Xiu
Published: December 2011

potassium ionic sieve membrane was synthesized employing the secondary hydrothermal synthesis using tetrabutyl ammonium bromide as templates on the porous α-Al2O3 support.The zeolite membrane were characterized by XRD and SEM. The results show that the prepared membranes is potassium ionic sieve membrane, dense and continuous membrane could be obtained after crystallization synthesis was carried out at 423K for 12h and for three times.
Comparison of Classical and Operational Transfer Path Analysis in Vehicle NVH Improvement
Authors: Wu Ying Xi , Zhou Hong , Wang Er Bing
Published: December 2011

Two method used in vehicle NVH improvement is discussed in this paper. General comparison is given as an introduction to the classical Transfer Path Analysis (TPA) and Operational Path Analysis (OPA). The different theory of TPA and OPA are presented to give a better understanding of these methods and highlight their capabilities. The limitation of each approach and points of attention are followed. Furthermore, the application of both methods is carried out to show the similarity and difference in results and illustrate the points mentioned before. Suggested conditions for each method are mentioned in the conclusion.
Study on Removal of Phosphorus from Domestic Wastewater by Modified Fly Ash
Authors: Wang Rui Gang
Published: December 2011

To prevent eutrophication and to treat domestic wastewater effectively, the experiment of removing phosphorus from domestic wastewater was carried out using modified fly ash as an absorbent. The effects of fly ash particle diameter, fly ash dosing quantity, pH value, temperature, oscillating strength and adsorption time on phosphorus removal were studied. The results showed that when the fly ash size ranged from 160 mesh to 200 mesh, the fly ash dosing quantity was 25g/L, pH value was 3.5, the temperature was 50°C, the concentration of phosphorus in the domestic wastewater was 6.0 mg/L, the oscillating strength was 140r/min, and the adsorption time was 120 minutes, the removal efficiency of phosphorus could reach 94.5% and the concentration of phosphorus could reduce to under 0.5 mg/L.
Synthesis and Measurement of SnO2@C/graphene Nanocomposite for Lithium Ion Batteries
Authors: Wang Hai Teng , He Da Wei , Wang Yong Sheng , Wu Hong Peng , Wang Ji Gang
Published: December 2011

SnO2@C/graphene nanocomposite was prepared via chemical synthesis method. The electrochemical performance of the SnO2@C/graphene nanocomposite as anode material was measured by galvanostatic charge/discharge cycling. As an anode material for Li ion batteries, the SnO2@C/graphene nanocomposite shows 823mAhg-1 and 732mAhg-1 capacities for the first discharge and charge, respectively, which is more than the theoretical capacity of tin oxide, and has good capacity retention with a capacity of 748mAhg-1 after 30 cycles. These results suggest that SnO2@C/graphene nanocomposite would be a promising anode material for lithium ion battery.
Modal Analysis of Bus Body Frame Based on ANSYS
Authors: Peng Sheng Hui , Wang Yuan , Dai Xi Liang , Ji Jian Ping
Published: December 2011

Some critical problems of bus body frame during the modal analysis are presented by the principle of Finite Element Method. Then bus body frame is analyzed. After the modal parameters of the frame are obtained, dynamic performance of body frame is discussed to provide reference for the betterment of body frame dynamic performance design.
Systhesis, Characterization and Spectroscopic Properties of (2E,6E)-2,6-Bis(2,3,4-tri-methoxy-benzylidene)cyclohexanone
Authors: Wei Xing Chuan , Liu Zhi Li , Zhang Kun , Du Zhi Yun , Zheng Xi
Published: December 2011

In this paper, (2E,6E)-2,6-Bis(2,3,4-tri-methoxy -benzylidene)cyclohexanone (omitted as tmbcho) (1) was obtained by the reaction of acetic acid, tetrahydrofuran, cyclohexanone and 2,3,4-tri-methoxy-benzaldehyde. Three non-classic hydrogen bonds were observed in the compound. X-ray crystallography shows that the crystal structure is stabilized by intermolecular C-H•••π interactions and it contains plenty of conjugated double bonds. The title compound was characterized by UV-vis and fluorescent spectral studies.
Synthesis and Characterization of Polysulfonyldiphenylene Phenylphosphonate with High Melting Range
Authors: Wang Zhong Wei , Duan Hao Dong , Yu Qing
Published: December 2011

Polysulfonyldiphenylene phenylphosphonate (PSPPP) with high melting range of 197 to 205 °C was synthesized via molten polycondensation method. The effect of material ratio, reaction temperature and reaction time of the method was studied, and the preferred reaction conditions were obtained. The target product was characterized by FTIR and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was carried out to confirm the thermal stability. The PSPPP synthesized in this paper showed fairly good thermal stability.
Parameters Evaluation of Neutron Pinhole Imaging System Based on Geant4
Authors: Jiang Min , Fang Zhen Yun , Hu Bing Quan
Published: December 2011

Neutron imaging by large pinhole is an important part for image acquisition and high-speed transmission in process of fast radiation. In order to get desirable results in experiments, it is necessary to judge performance of various designs qualitatively or quantitatively before experiments. In this paper, we simulate the millimeter-level pinhole imaging system based on Geant4 and analyze the effects of system parameters on imaging. The numerical results can provide theoretical foundation for system designing and simulation data for image analyzing.
Synthesis, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Salicylaldehyde Azine
Authors: Li Dong Qing , Tan Ming Xiong , Jie Luo
Published: December 2011

Salicylaldehyde azine (SA) were synthesized with salicylaldehyde and hydrazine hydrate as a raw material. The crystal structure was characterized by X-ray diffraction, as well as the total antioxidant capacity and antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were investigated. It was found that SA exhibited significant antibacterial activities and total antioxidant capacity.
General Performance of Sulfonic Group Modified Polycarboxylate-Type Superplasticizer
Authors: Sun Yan Lin , Wang Hong , Du Hui Xiang , Huang Yun Hua
Published: December 2011

The polycarboxylate-type superplasticizers (PCS) modified by sulfonic group were prepared. The influence of sulfonic group content on the performance of cement admixtures when using sulfonic group modified PCS was discussed. Some physical properties such as dispersion, cement paste fluidity, mortar fluidity, compressive strength ratio and flexural strength ratio were investigated. The results show that when using PCS with sulfonic group content 20%~25% (mol/mol of total carboxyl group), the dispersion and fluidity of concrete can be distinctly improved, meanwhile the strength properties can be maintained.
Adsorption of Malachite Green on Heishan Coal-Based Activated Carbon
Authors: Tao Mao Sheng , Yi De Lian , Wu Lin , Ouyang Zhao Hui , Zhang Hui Min , Hua Qiao , Liu Guo Fei
Published: December 2011

Subscript textAn adsorbent has been prepared from Heishan coal by chemical activation with KOH, the activated carbon has a BET surface area of 801.53 m2/g, the meso-pore ratio is 89.63%, SEM image shows that it is very rich in pore structure. The activated carbon was used to adsorb malachite green from an aqueous solution in room temperature. The effects of pH, contact time and dosage have been studied. The results show that the adsorption of malachite green from aqueous solution onto Heishan coal-based activated carbon proceeds according to the pseudo-second-order model, the adsorption equilibrium data were better represented by the Langmuir isotherm than Freundlich isotherm.
Adsorption of Cu(II) onto HNO3-Modified Cedar Sawdust (Cedrus deodara): FTIR Analysis, Kinetics and Adsorption Isotherms Modeling
Authors: Deng Hong Mei , Cheng Yong Heng , Chang Xiang Yang , Gong Jian , Wu Cui Qin , Liu Tao
Published: December 2011

Cedar sawdust (Cedrus deodara), an agricultural by-product abundant in China, was used as an adsorbent for the removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions. The extent of adsorption was investigated as a function of pH, contact time, adsorbate concentration and reaction temperature. The Cu(II) removal was pH-dependent, reaching a maximum at pH 5. The adsorption process followed pseudo-second-order kinetics and equilibrium was reached at 60 min. The rate constantly increased with the increase of temperature, indicating the endothermic nature of adsorption. The equilibrium adsorption capacity of Cu(II) determined from the Langmuir equation was 64.52 mg/g at 25°C. The equilibrium data ﬁtted very well to the Freundlich isotherm model as compared to the Langmuir isotherm. The negative ΔGo values at various temperatures conﬁrm that the adsorption processes are spontaneous. Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) analysis of cedar sawdust, before and after adsorption of Cu(II), suggested that the main mechanisms involved in the removal of Cu(II) might be the ionic exchange and complexation.
Study on Viscosity of Wasted Lube in Refining Filtration Production Process
Authors: Zhao Dong Mei , Liu Xue Peng
Published: December 2011

The filtration technology is studied through the reproduce of wasted lube. The suitable temperature of the filtration operation is 60°C -90°C for filtering by measuring the temperature-viscosity curve, which provides the basis for wasted lube filtration technology.
Ionic Synergistic Inhibition between the Cationic Gemini Surfactant and Anionic Surfactant for Steel Corrosion in 1M Hydrochloric Acid
Authors: Chen Zhi , Gao Huan Fang , Wang Yao Qiong
Published: December 2011

The inhibitive synergistic effect between a cationic gemini surfactant, 1,2-ethane-bis(dimethyl dodecylammonium bromide) (designed as 12-2-12), and anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS) for the corrosion inhibition of A3 carbon steel in 1 mol L-1 HCl was investigated by weight loss. The inhibition system composed by 12-2-12 and SDS is efficient. The adsorption mechanism of the 12-2-12 and SDS on steel in acidic medium is discussed on the basis of experimental data and an adsorption model is proposed. Adsorption of inhibitor system on the A3 carbon steel surface in acidic medium obeys Langmuir’s adsorption isotherm.
InCl3: an Airstable and Water-Tolerant Catalyst for the Selective Synthesis of 5-Aryl Tetrazole
Authors: Sun Hong Bin , Chen Wen Long , Sun Yuan Hua , Qin Peng , Qi Xuan
Published: December 2011

5-Phenyl-1-H tetrazole was synthesized by catalytic [3+2] cycloaddition with benzonitrile and sodium azide. Indium trichloride was used as an efficient catalyst.
The Task of Research on Trussed Type Machine Tool
Authors: Yuan Suo Xian , Shen Dan Dan , Wen Xue Long
Published: December 2011

An innovative machine tool of trussed type is introduced in this paper. It has many advantages such as light weight, rapid traverse speed and so on. But as a new type of machine tool in structure, investigation of it is not enough and further efforts are still needed. With the development of manufacturing technology, higher and higher demands of machine tool are required, and more efforts should be put on research in order to reinforce the performance of it, such as the static and dynamic stiffness, the dynamic performance and natural frequency, frequency characteristic, and so on.
Dynamics Automatic Design of Planar Linkage Mechanism Based on Genetic Program
Authors: Luo Xian Hai , Li Liang Zhen
Published: December 2011

Regarded planar linkage mechanism kinematic target and execution of kinematic pair constraint reaction restrictions as the quantitative objectives, established the comprehensive dynamic design fitness function with the distance between a kinematics target and execution of a set of practical movement points, and the difference between actual constraint reaction of kinematic pair and its limit. According to multi-branch tree expression and random configuration method to create mechanical initial population, driven by the fitness function, made the mechanical population evolution towards the target requirements by the use of copy, crossover and mutation operators of genetic program. In the evolutionary process, inserted kinematics and dynamics automatic analysis technique, design examples indicated that using a genetic program can search parallel in different mechanical configuration space, dimension space and inertia space, automatically searched to such kinds of mechanisms approximate kinematics target and dynamics requirements, thus fulfilling the dynamics automatic design.
Research Progress on Detection of Crystal Violet in Aquatic Products
Authors: Xiao Hu Peng , Han Sheng , He Zhong Yi
Published: December 2011

It is very necessary to establish a kind of rapid and accurate method about detecting crystal violet for food security. In this paper, we summary the present progress in analyzing the crystal violet from three respects: sample pretreatment, detection tool, and quantitative calculation method, puts forward the direction of future development on the detection and analysis of crystal violet in aquatic products ,and gives some suggestions on it. It has certain reference value on the detection and analysis of relevant research.
Numerical Simulation and Mechanism Study of Two Level Partial Blocks Vibration Motor
Authors: Yang Xiao Lan , Liu Ji Feng , Zou Jing Chao
Published: December 2011

In order to finish some special operations, the chaotic vibrating motor with two-level partial blocks is constructed. Mechanism principles are designed and dynamics of mechanical model is analyzed by using Lagrange method. Based on the initial sensitivity, non-repetition and complexity of phase-trajectory, many characteristics of chaotic vibration are verified in the vibrating system. It is found the vibrating system with wide power spectrum can achieve some special properties like transient high-intensity, super high-intensity and large vibrating amplitude. It is important to overcome some work barriers and solve some technological bottlenecks of vibrating machinery.
Solid-State Photocycloaddition Reactions between Di-2-Pyrones Tethered by Arylalkyl Chain and Benzophenones
Authors: Wang Wei Dong , Shimo Tetsuro
Published: December 2011

Solid-state photocycloaddition reactions between di-2-pyrones (1a-d) with benzophenone (2a) gave the corresponding oxetane derivatives (3a-d; 1:2 adducts) with high site- and regioselectivity across the C5-C6 and C5′-C6′ double bonds in 1 via the triplet excited state of 2a. The reactions were inferred by MO methods to be initiated by electrostatic interaction between the C6 position of 1a-d and the carbonyl oxygen of 2a at their ground states, and the solid-state interaction may be enhanced by electron density at carbonyl oxygen of the triplet 2a. The transition state (TS) analysis of the [2+2] cycloaddition reactions also suggested some triplet complex, and the high regioselectivity. The hydrogen-bonding interaction between 2a and 1a-d and the triplet reaction mechanism were also explained by the IR analyses and the quenching experiments, respectively.
Performance of Co-Donor Photovoltaic Devices Based on Graphene-Accceptor System
Authors: Wang Ji Gang , Wang Yong Sheng , He Da Wei , Wu Hong Peng , Wang Hai Teng , Zhou Pan , Zhang Yong Na , Fu Ming
Published: December 2011

The poly (2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyl oxy)-1, 4-phenylenevin- ylene) (MEH-PPV) was used as a secondary electron donor material in the poly (3-octylthiophene) (P3OT): graphene bulk-heterojunction photovoltaic cell. The XRD investigation of the active layer showed a well-organized intraplane structure with lamellae oriented normal to the substrate. The mechanism of charge transfer in the multi-donor PV cell was investigated; it shows that efficient energy transfer takes place from MEH-PPV to P3OT. The reason for the increase in the open-circuit voltage which dues to the band structure of BHJ where the energy level change of the highest occupied molecular orbital of the MEH-PPV: P3OT as multi-donor. The hybrid devices showed the energy conversion efficiency of the multi-donor BHJ solar devices with moderate amount of MEH-PPV. The surface roughness investigation indicated the morphology of the hybrid active layer film.
Ruthenium and Iron Carbonyl Clusters Catalyzed Reduction of N,N-dimethylbenzamide and N,N-diethyl-(3-methyl)benzamide
Authors: Zhu Bao Hua , Xu Guo Hua , Xia Zhi Wei
Published: December 2011

One new Ruthenium and one known Iron bimetallic carbonyl clusters containing triphos (1,1,1-tris(diphenylphosphinomethyl)ethane) ligand have been prepared as catalyst to study the reduction of amide to amine. All clusters were characterized by elemental analysis, 1HNMR, 31PNMR and IR spectroscopy. The reduction of N,N-dimethylbenzamide and N,N-diethyl-(3-methyl) benzamide catalyzed by Ru and Fe carbonyl clusters were investigated at 100 ~ 110 °C for 24 ~ 28h, polymethylhydrogensiloxane (PMHS) as reduction agent. The products were analysized using GC-MS, IR and UV-vis spectroscopy and an excellent yield (97%) of N,N-diethyl- (3-methyl)benzamine was obtained when using 3 mol% of bimetallic ruthenium carbonyl cluster as catalyst. The data of IR and UV-vis show that the frameworks of clusters are not changed remarkably during the reaction.
The Fractal Characteristics of Wall Rock Crack in the Soft Rock Roadway and Study on Theory of Loose Ring
Authors: Zhang Xiang Dong , Feng Guang , Xu Jian Lai
Published: December 2011

Rock mass is an irregular and disordered geological body. Quantitative study on rock fracture has always been an important part in the long-term research of rock mechanics. It has taken the soft rock roadway as a carrier which is located in the Mine of Gaojialiang in Ordos area. Fractal geometry is adopted in the quantitative analysis of the wall rock crack in the soft rock roadway. As the result shows, the distributions of wall rock crack in the soft rock roadway are fractal. Fractal dimension D reveals the properly distributed statistical characteristic values and D value curves with different depths determine the ranges of loose ring, which provides reliable theoretical basis for the loose ring theory.
Calculation on CO2 Emission in Panzhihua Steel
Authors: Qin Jie , Xue Xun , Deng Jun
Published: December 2011

Situations of the CO2 emission in steel industry at home and abroad are introduced in this paper firstly. Then CO2 emission is calculated in the RHF—EAF flow for treating V-Ti magnetite according to data from the pilot plant in Pangang Group. Besides, CO2 emission of the traditional BF process is calculated as well. The results show that CO2 emission is 1427.3kg/t pig iron and 1508.7kg/t for the pilot and BF process, respectively. Otherwise, the difference between the two processes is analyzed and the prospect for the reduction of CO2 emission in the iron and steel industry is proposed as well.
The Characteristics of Silica-Sol Combining Refractories
Authors: Xiong Ji Quan , Peng Yun Tao , Xie Da Yong , Mao Xue Song
Published: December 2011

Traditionally, calcium aluminate cement is always used as the binding agent for refractory castable applied in steel and iron, but cement contains many impurities, it is easy to generate low-melting additives and excessive liquid phase may be formed in material calcination, so the thermal shock resistance and moderate temperature intensity of corundum castables bonded with cement is worse; in addition, the flowability of cement-bonded castables also is poorer and it is difficult to construction. In the recent years, China and other countries have started to study properties of colloidal sol bonded castables to improve physical/chemical properties and workability of cement castables. This paper summarizes some characteristics of silica sol bonded materials via test and analysis.
Synthesis of Phenylazo-N,N-diphenylpropanediamide
Authors: Wang Li Xian , Guo Chun Ying , Pan Guo Liang , Guo Qiang
Published: December 2011

This study deals with the synthesis of phenylazo-N,N-diphenylpropanediamide which is a kind of excellent pigment. During the preparation, intermediate product, N,N-diphenylpropanediamide is first synthesized through the substitution reaction of malonic acid diethyl ester and substituted aniline. Then, final product, phenylazo-N,N-diphenylpropanediamide can be obtained by coupling reaction of N,N-diphenylpropanediamide and phenyl substituted diazonium salt. The final product has been analyzed by UV, MS and HNMR, respectively, to determine the composition and structure. In addition, the effects of solvents, coupling catalyst and pH on yield rate have also been investigated.
Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer between CdTe QDs and Rhodamine B in Gelatin Nanoparticles via a Two-Step Desolvation Way
Authors: Li Chen Gui , Wang Xiao Mei , Ye Chao , Wang Yun Qing , Yu Jie , Yan Zheng Yu , Hu Yu Zhu
Published: December 2011

A facile method was developed for preparation of fluorescence resonance energy transfer between CdTe QDs (donor) and rhodamine B (acceptor) in gelatin nanoparticles. The fluorescent gelatin nanoparticles embedded CdTe QDs and rhodamine B were prepared by a two-step desolvation way and characterized by UV–Vis spectrometer, spectrofluorometer, transmission electron microscope and fluorescent microscope. The prepared method allowed for short acceptor-donor separation and thus for high energy transfer efficiencies. Energy transfer efficiency (E) and distance (r) between CdTe QDs and rhodamine B were obtained to be 26.5% and 6.84 nm, respectively. The fluorescence resonance energy transfer system was proved to be formed successfully, indicating that the fluorescent gelatin nanoparticles were expected to be promising candidates for biological imaging studies.
Preparation and Photocatalytic Properties of Magnetic TiO2 Compounds
Authors: Yan Li Jun , Cheng Yue , Yan Xiao Juan , Ge Tan Tan
Published: December 2011

In this paper, magnetic composite photocatalysts were prepared through depositing TiO2 on the surface of NiFe2O4 by sol-gel method. The composition, structure and magnetism of the samples are tested by XRD, TEM and VSM, respectively. The photoactivity of the as-prepared photocatalysts was investigated by degrading methyl orange under UV light. The effect of NiFe2O4 and SiO2 intermediate layer on the activity of photocatalyst was also studied. It has been found that NiFe2O4 has a negative influence on the photocatalytic activity of magnetic TiO2 compounds. The middle layer of SiO2 can effectively improve the photocatalytic activity of magnetic TiO2 compounds.
Characteristics of Mixing/Segregation in a Bubbling/Slugging Fluidized Bed with Binary Mixtures
Authors: Chen Heng Zhi , Guo Zheng Kui
Published: December 2011

Fluidization behavior of binary mixtures with titanic slag particles and carbon particles had been investigated. Three solids states in the bed: fixed bed, transient fluidization and steady fluidization, emerges as increasing gas velocity. The extent of segregation of solids mixture in transient fluidization regime depended on the size difference between jetsam particles and flotsam particles. The effects of flotsam particle size, initial jetsam concentration and the superficial gas velocity on the segregation of binary solids had been measured.
Low Cycle Fatigue of GX12CrMoVNbN9 -1 Cast Steel at 600°C Temperature
Authors: Golański Grzegorz , Werner Krzysztof , Mroziński Stanisław
Published: December 2011

The paper treats of the low cycle fatigue (LCF) behaviour of GX12CrMoVNbN9-1 (GP91) cast steel after heat treatment. Fatigue tests at the temperature of 600oC within the scope of small amount of cycles to failure were carried out for five levels of controlled amplitude of total strain εac = 0.25, 0.30, 0.35, 0.50 and 0.60 %. The investigated cast steel within the scope of low cycle fatigue life reveals a three-stage course of changes in strength and strain. In the given scope of low cycle fatigue for GP91 cast steel, cyclic weakening was observed without the occurrence of stabilization period of its properties.
Bovine Serum Albumin Modified Mg-Al Layered Double Oxides Nanohybrids: Preparation and Potential Application as Drug Carrier
Authors: Fan Ting , Zhang Hui , Guo Shao Huan
Published: December 2011

Biocompatible MgAl-CO3-LDH-derived layered double oxide (LDO) as the host and bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model protein have been chosen to fabricate a novel bioinorganic nanohybrid (BSA-LDO). The structure, morphology and physicochemical properties of the obtained nanohybrids are investigated by XRD, FT-IR, SEM and UV-vis methods and the interaction between LDO and BSA molecules has been discussed. The application of these nanohybrids as drug carrier is primarily studied by examining the adsorption behaviors of three drugs.
The Research of Carbonization and Deoxidizing V2O5 at Low Temperature
Authors: Cao Zhi Qin , Fang Min Xian , Li Ze Rong
Published: December 2011

This paper studies the influence of carbonization and deoxidizing of V2O5 by carbon coefficient, carbonation temperature and carbonization time at low temperature and gains function equation about the deoxidizing rate and three of the influence factors, which using V2O5 as raw materials and high purity carbon powder as reducing agent. Base on analysing the function , the optimum technological conditions of carbonization and deoxidizing of V2O5 at low temperature are carbon coefficient:0.95, carbonation temperature(carbonization time): the first stage 650°C（3h）and the second stage 900°C（120min）.
High Temperature Brittleness of Non-Oriented Electrical Steel Containing Phosphrous
Authors: Ouyang Ye Xian , Liu Jing
Published: December 2011

High temperature brittleness of non-oriented electrical steel containing 0.14wt% phosphorus was investigated by mechanical testing, scanning electrical microscopy (SEM) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). The steels were annealed at 800~950°C with hold time of 2~30min under dry hydrogen/nitrogen mixture and wet mixture gas. The mechanical testing results indicated that elongation and bend-to-failure times of steel sheets annealed in wet gas was decreased with hold time extending, and dramatically dropped when it exceeded some value. The critical time of brittleness was become shorter with increase of annealing temperature. It was shown by AES that the phosphorus segregation at grain boundary induced by decarbonizing under wet gas led to inter-granular brittle fracture in the steel sheets.
Numerical Simulation of the Gas-Solid Flow in a Mini-Riser Reactor
Authors: Shuai Qun , Niu Gen Lin , Zhao Hui , Li Qiang
Published: December 2011

The implementation of the kinetic theory for granular flows added strength to the two-phase flow model in the mini-riser. This model uses simulating and calculating commercial software of Fluent to simulate the mini-riser with 0.012m ID and 3m height. Euler-Euler two fluid model was adopted in two dimensional numerical simulation, according to kinetic theory，the solid stress was calculated based on granular temperature and granular viscosity obtained through simulation which could be used to describe the collision between particles. Simulation results, such as solid phase fraction and solid phase velocity, under different operational conditions basically agree well with the experimental measurement.
Macro and Micro Investigation of Internal Structure of Filament Wound Composite
Authors: Wen Wei Dong , Li Jian , Cui Hai Tao , Xu Ying , Zhang Hong Jian
Published: December 2011

Abstract: The characteristic of internal structure of filament wound composite is investigated by experiment in this article. Cylinders manufactured by two kinds of fiber, E-glass and carbon, and epoxy resin, are cut into several pieces along the winding direction. The sections of pieces are observed with optic microscope. The result shows that there are two kinds of structure in filament wound composite, laminate area and undulating area, consisting of interwoven fiber band in different directions. Undulating quantity is measured at a series of points along undulating fiber band; a linear model is adopted to model geometrical shape of undulation.
Numerical Simulation Analysis for Anti-Penetration of Multilayer Ceramic Composite
Authors: Zhang Chao , Wu Wei , Li Yong
Published: December 2011

Use ANSYS / LS-DYNA software to build a numerical model for studying influence of projectile’s penetration velocity, penetration angle and ceramic/metal composite structure on protective capacity of multilayer ceramic composite. The results showed that velocity loss range of projectile running through the multilayer ceramic composite decreased with initial penetration velocity of projectile increased and that the shape of bullet hole showed growing asymmetry with penetration angle increased. Anti-penetration capacity of multilayer ceramic composite protective structure is better than that of single-layer ceramic composite protective structure or single-layer homogeneous steel structure with equal quality.
Influence of Inclusions in Low Alloy-Steels on Pitting Process
Authors: Wang Jian Min , Zhang Yan , Wang Yan Fang , Chen Xue Qun
Published: December 2011

Two low alloy steels were selected. Inclusions in them were analyzed by electronic probe micro-analyzer. The Influence of inclusions in low alloy-steels were discussed by polarization tests and simulated occluded corrosion cell combined with micro-analyse. The results showed that the inclusions in low alloy-steels were the main pitting initiation and the sulfide inclusions were easier to cause pitting corrosion than other inclusions. The inclusions also accelerated pitting corrosion propagating.
Preparation of AZO Nanometer Powders by Combustion Synthesis Using Dual Fuel
Authors: Liu Xiao Xia , Qin Hai Lian , Peng Gui Hua , Liang Zhen Hua
Published: December 2011

AZO nanometer powders were prepared by combustion synthesis. The influence on the synthesis of AZO nanometer powders were investigated in conditions of using single fuel or dual fuel by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The results showed that the AZO powders were well-distributed with smaller grain size when using dual fuel.
Gas Phase Pressure Drop of a Water-Sparged Aerocyclone Reactor
Authors: Quan Xue Jun , Zhao Qing Hua , Xiang Jin Xin , Cheng Zhi Liang , Wang Fu Ping
Published: December 2011

Air stripping of ammonia is a widely used process for the pretreatment of wastewater. Scaling and fouling on the packing surface in packed towers and a lower stripping efficiency are the two major problems in this process. New patented equipment that is suitable for the air stripping of wastewater with suspended solids has been developed. Air stripping of ammonia from water with Ca(OH)2, was performed in the newly designed gas-liquid contactor, a water-sparged aerocyclone (WSA). The pressure drop of gas phase was investigated in order to know the momentum transfer characteristic of the WSA. It was found that the gas phase pressure drop exhibited a different change tendency compared with the traditional aerocyclone, and could be divided into three characteristic stages, including low pressure drop, pressure drop jump and high pressure drop phases. The three different pressure drop areas corresponds to steady jet, spiral and fogged flow patterns of the liquid phase. The critical value for the air flow rate which caused the mass transfer coefficient to increase rapidly took place at the point where the steady jet was transformed into the spiral flow pattern.
Properties of Al-Based Matrix and Diamond Composites Fabricated by Semi-Solid Metal Processing
Authors: Dai Qiu Lian
Published: December 2011

In this paper, semi-solid metal (SSM) processing was first applied to fabricate Al-based matrix and diamond composites. A kind of Al-Cu alloy with an adequate solidification range was chosen. Samples of Al-Cu alloys were fabricated by rheocasting with different processing parameters. Specimens of Al-based matrix and diamond composites were fabricated by rheocasting and hot press sintering technology respectively. Microstructures, transverse rupture strength (TRS), hardness and wear resistance were studied. Experimental results revealed that the TRS of the Al-based matrix and diamond composites fabricated by rheocasting increased by 157% and 115% respectively compared to the ones fabricated by hot press sintering technology. The fracture surfaces of the rheocasting specimens exhibited ductile cup and cone behavior as well as strong bonding between the matrix and diamond grits.
Fatigue Life of GX12CrMoVNbN9 -1 Cast Steel in the Energy-Based Approach
Authors: Golański Grzegorz , Mroziński Stanisław
Published: December 2011

The paper presents the research on the controlled strain and temperature on the stress strength of martensitic GX12CrMoVNbN9 – 1 in the energy-based approach. The fatigue tests were carried out for five levels of total strain amplitude ac and two temperatures (the room one and 600oC). Performed research has shown that in terms of energy the investigated cast steel is characterized by changes in cyclic properties. Moreover, it has been proved that the temperature of study significantly influences the per-unit value of strain energy. The influence is slight in the area of large strains and gets stronger as the level of cyclic strains decreases.
A Study on Preparation and Properties of a Full Color Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Display Device
Authors: Huang Yu Hong , Zheng Hua Jing , Jiang Quan , Ruan Zheng
Published: December 2011

A full color 2.2″ passive matrix organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with 128 (RGB) * 160 pixels was developed. The display features that driving circuit can transform 18 bits gray-scale data from a PC to the OLED panel via a DVI channel. The size of the pixel was 240μm 240μm, while that of mono sub-pixel is 190μm 45μm. The lifetime of panel was estimated over 5000h because of the use of dual-scan driving technology, and the power consumption of the display was 300mw about when the average luminance of panel reach 40cd/m2.
Study on Membrane Fouling Experiment of Stacked AGMD Module in Low Temperature
Authors: Yang Xiao Hong , Tian Rui , Ma Shu Juan , Lv Hai Li
Published: December 2011

In this paper, it has studied membrane fouling experiments at a certain temperature conditions and with untreated tap water as thermal mass, which applied unique multi-layered stacked air-gap membrane distillation module. It has analyzed the original membrane flux and conductivity changes in the experiments, and carried out SEM and EDS analysis before and after acid washed fouling membrane. The results show that: New type membrane module will produce fouling even at lower temperatures. Membrane surface was covered by a lot of uneven accumulation granular pollutants and cuboid crystals, so the mass flux reduced. Fouling membrane washed with 5 % hydrochloric acid solution was removed inorganic scale. The flux recovered to the initial value.
Preparation and Characterization of Silica-Based Mesoporous Materials
Authors: Zhang Xiao Hui , Cao Qi Guang , Xie Guo Li
Published: December 2011

The silica-based mesoporous materials were synthesized under normal atmospheric with Cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB) as surfactant, TEOS as silica source and hydrochloric acid as activator. The pore sizes distribution of mesoporous materials were adjusted by organic assistant reagent TMB(1,3,5-three toluol).The materials after and before TMB addition were characterized through XRD and IR. The results showed that the materials have regular hexagonal mesoporous structure. The structure is more regular and pore size is more bigger after TMB added.
Effect of Final Cooling Temperature on Mechanical Properties of a Water Cooled Mn-Series Low Carbon Bainitic Steel as 8Mn2SiNb
Authors: Feng Chun , Pan Zhi Yong , Li Guang Shan , Bai Bing Zhe
Published: December 2011

The effect of final cooling temperature on the mechanical properties of a water cooled Mn-series low carbon bainitic steel as 8Mn2SiNb has been investigated in this paper. The results indicate that the optimum final cooling temperature is 450 °C, followed by air cooling to room temperature. Compared with air cooling, the condition of water cooling to 450 °C increases the tensile strength and yield strength about 13.3% (From 805MPa to 929MPa) and 59.0%(From 464MPa to 741MPa) respectively, remaining 21.5% elongation and 151J toughness. SEM observation reveals that the microstructure of the steel after water cooling to 450 °C is mainly granular bainite +lath martensite +refined grain boundary allotriomorphic ferrite (FGBA). Compared with air cooling, the condition of water cooling to 450 °C increases the volume fraction of strengthening phase (M-A island) from 28.2% to 38.1%.
Influence of Sand Variety on Erosion Wear Properties of Nanostructured WC-12Co Coatings Deposited by HVOF Spraying
Authors: Liu Yan , Wang Li Jun , Chen Hui , Tu Ming Jing
Published: December 2011

Nanostructured WC-12Co coating was prepared by means of High Velocity Oxygen Fuel (HVOF) spraying technology in this research. The erosion wear experiment system was developed to simulate the working condition to study the erosion wear properties. The corundum sand with main composition of Al2O3 and quartz sand with main composition of SiO2 were used to investigate the effects of sand variety on the erosion wear properties. The erosion wear failure mechanism of the coatings was also analyzed. The results show that the failure mechanism of the coating eroded by corundum sand is cracking between WC grains, while for the coating eroded by quartz sand, the failure mechanism is microcutting and microploughing.
PIDNN Based Intelligent Control of Ignition Oven
Authors: Ying Yu Qian , Lu Jian Gang , Chen Jin Shui , Sun You Xian
Published: December 2011

In a steel plant, fuel gas caloricity of ignition oven always changes rapidly and largely. Consequently, the temperature of ignition oven can’t keep steady. To overcome this problem we employ intelligent control of ignition oven based on PIDNN (Proportional-Integral-Derivative Neural Network). As we know, ignition oven is a nonlinear, large delay and slow time-varying process, so traditional PID control usually doesn’t work well. Artificial neural networks can perform adaptive control by learning, so we adopt Proportional-Integral-Derivative neural network to tackle the problem taking the advantages of both PID control and neural structure. In order to satisfy the restrictions of industrial instruments, we combine PIDNN control algorithm with expert system mechanism to fulfill the final intelligent control strategy. At a sintering plant in Hangzhou, we deploy the intelligent control strategy turning out a satisfactory result that the ignition oven temperature can be controlled steadily within a much smaller range with significant saving of labor costs and improving of energy efficiency.