bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Agregat Sungai Battang Terhadap Kekuatan Beton
Authors: Mantja Dendi Nadaf Mantja , Sandy Desi , Gunadi Tjiang. A.
Published: May 2021

Material alam yang digunakan pada penelitian ini bersumber dari sungai Battang kota Palopo. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui karakteristik agregat dan kekuatan beton. Jenis penelitian menggunakan metode American Concrete Institude dengan identifikasi benda uji silinder diameter 15 cm dan tinggi 30 cm, serta balok dengan panjang 60 cm, lebar 15 cm dan tebal 15 cm. Pengujian kuat tekan sebanyak 24 benda uji, pengujian kuat tarik belah sebanyak 6 benda uji dan kuat lentur sebanyak 6 benda uji dengan jumlah benda uji keseluruhan sebanyak 36 sampel untuk kuat tekan rencana 23 Mpa dan 30 Mpa. Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk uji kuat tekan rencana 23 Mpa dengan nilai sebesar 23,861 Mpa dan  kuat tekan rencana 30 Mpa nilai yang didapatkan sebesar 31,501 Mpa, uji kuat tarik belah dengan kuat tekan rencana 23 Mpa dengan nilai yang didapatkan 1,957 Mpa dan kuat tekan rencana 30 Mpa dengan nilai 2,769 Mpa, serta uji kuat lentur kuat tekan rencana 23 Mpa dengan nilai 3,022 Mpa dan untuk kuat tekan rencana 30 Mpa dengan nilai 3,425 Mpa. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa karakteristik agregat sungai battang memenuhi Standar Nasional Indonesia dan dapat mencapai nilai kuat tekan yang direncanakan.
Kinerja Simpang Tak Bersinyal Sultan Alauddin dan Monumen Emmy Saelan di Era New Normal
Authors: Saelan Winarno , Rachman Rais , Bestari Sufiati
Published: May 2021

Arus lalu lintas puncak, perhitungan kapasitas simpang, dan derajat kejenuhan simpang tak bersinyal mengacu pada Manual Kapasitas Jalan Indonesia 1997. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui derajat kejenuhan simpang tak bersinyal Jalan Sultan Alauddin dan Monumen Emmy Saelan, Makassar pada masa new normal. Survei lalu lintas pada Senin dan Kamis mewakili hari kerja, survei pada Sabtu mewakili hari libur. Kendaraan yang dicacah yaitu kendaraan ringan, kendaraan berat, sepeda motor, dan kendaraan tak bermotor. Proporsi kendaraan tak bermotor dan kendaraan bermotor diperhitungkan pada analisis kapasitas simpang. Arus lalu lintas puncak terjadi pada sore hari yang diwakili hari kerja, yaitu: Q = 6917,3 smp/jam, kapasitas simpang (C) = 4350,18 smp/jam, derajat kejenuhan (DS) = 1,59.
Pengaruh Suhu Waktu Pengecoran Terhadap Kuat Tekan dan Tarik Beton
Authors: Rombe Nita Bonita , Mara Junus , Sandy Desi
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini membahas tentang berapa besar pengaruh suhu waktu pengecoran terhadap kuat tekan dan tarik beton. Beton banyak digunakan dalam dunia konstruksi karena harga yang murah dan pelaksanaan yang mudah. Namun, diperlukan pengetahuan yang cukup luas mengenai sifat bahan dasar beton, cara pembuatan dan waktu pelaksanaan pengecoran di lapangan agar dapat meningkatkan fungsi beton secara maksimal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh suhu waktu pengecoran terhadap kuat tekan dan tarik belah beton yang optimal. Pada penelitian ini dibuat benda uji untuk campuran beton normal dengan kuat tekan rencana f’c = 30 Mpa, menggunakan silinder diameter 15 cm dan tinggi 30 cm sebanyak 36 buah. Pengecoran benda uji dilakukan dengan variasi suhu waktu pada pagi, siang, sore dan malam hari. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa kuat tekan dan kuat tarik belah beton maksimum rata-rata sebesar 31,31 Mpa dan 2,64 Mpa pada suhu 23°C waktu pagi hari. Dari hasil penelitian secara umum, menunjukkan bahwa suhu waktu pengecoran tidak signifikan mempengaruhi kuat tekan dan tarik beton yang dihasilkan.
Karakteristik Campuran SMA Kasar Menggunakan Batu Sungai Sa’dan Kecamatan Sesean Toraja Utara
Authors: Sandabunga Arung Dating , Ali Nur , Rachman Rais
Published: May 2021

Tujuan peneIitian ini untuk menguji karakteristik Campuran Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA) Kasar dengan memanfaatkan Sungai Sa’dan Kelurahan Pangli Kecamatan Sesean Kabupaten Toraja Utara dari hasil penelitian laboratorium.Metode yang digunakan untuk penelitian ini ialah membuat beberapa uji karakteristik yang berwujud material aggregat kasar, halus, filer serta aspal yang kemudiam membuat rancangan komposisi lalu benda uji dibuat dalam bentuk campuran beraspal panas Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA) Kasar dan kemudian melakukan Marshall test untuk mendapatkan Stabilitas Marshal sisa (SMS) menggunakan K.A.O. Adapun penelitian ini dilaksanakan di laboratorium Jalan dan Aspal Fakultas Teknik Sipil Universitas Kristen Indonesia Paulus Makassar, yang memberikan hasil Karakteristik material perkerasan berupa Batu Sungai Sa’dan Kelurahan Pangli Kec.Sesean Kab. Toraja Utara telah memenuhi Spesifikasi standar Bina Marga 2018 yang dapat digunakan dalam campuran beraspal panas. Melalui uji Marshall didapatkan karakteristik Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA) Kasar dengan kadar aspal 6,00, hingga 7,00% dengan kenaikan 0,25%. 7,00% adalah K.A.O yang digunakan pada Marshall Immersion campuran SMA dan diperoleh Stabilitas Marshal Sisa (SMS) sebesar 97,53% dimana nilai ini sesuai dengan Spesifikasi Umum Bina Marga 2018 yaitu minimal 90%.
Pengaruh Penambahan Bubuk Gypsum Pada Tanah Lempung Terhadap Uji California Bearing Ratio (CBR)
Authors: Pangadongan Desgian Malle’ , Rachman Rais , Wong Irwan Lie Keng
Published: May 2021

Saat ini pembangunan infrastruktur atau konstruksi sangat gencar dilakukan terkhususnya di Indonesia, tetapi pada pembangunan konstruksi sering ditemukan kondisi tanah yang kurang baik. Oleh karena itu banyak ditemukan konstruksi bangunan sipil dengan kondisi tanah yang jelek, yang berakibat pada bangunan yang mengalami penurunan. Maka dari itu tanah tersebut perluh distabilisasi terlebih dahulu agar dapat memenuhi syarat teknis yang diperlukan. Dari berbagai jenis tanah yang ada, tanah lempung adalah tanah yang paling banyak ditemukan masalah karena memiliki sifat kembang susut yang tinggi yang mengakibatkan daya dukung dari tanah rendah salah satu metode perbaikan yang dilakukan adalah dengan menambahkan bahan pencampuran kimiawi seperti gypsum. Salah satu parameter yang dapat diketahui apakah tanah tersebut baik adalah dari kekuatan daya dukungnya. Daya dukung tanah dapat diketahui dengan pengujian California Bearing Ratio (CBR). Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui sifat fisis tanah lempung dan menganalisis pengaruh penambahan bubuk gypsum pada tanah lempung terhadap nilai CBR. Hasil dari penelitian pada sampel tanah yang terdiri dari dua titik didapat  nilai CBR terbesar  terjadi pada sampel tanah yang dicampur dengan bubuk gypsum sebanyak 8% dimana titik 1 nilai CBR nya sebesar 5,67% dan titik 2 sebesar 4,13%.
Pengaruh Penambahan Pasir Pantai Pada Tanah Dengan Uji Dynamic Cone Penetrometer
Authors: Amaral Imanuel Ali Nur Sinala , Wong Irwan Lie Keng , Sopacua Helen A.I.
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan pasir pantai pada tanah lempung terhadap uji Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP). Metodologi dalam penelitian ini adalah melakukan serangkaian pengujian karakteristik tanah kemudian merancang komposisi campuran pengujian Kompaksi (Proctor Standard) untuk mendapatkan nilai kadar air optimum dan Pengujian Dynamic Cone Penetrometer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanah memenuhi karakteristik sebagai tanah lempung. Dari pengujian Proctor Standard pada variasi campuran 0%, 7%, 14%, 21%, mengalami peningkatan pada kadar air optimum dan kepadatan kering makasimum. Pada kadar air optimum dengan variasi penambahan 0% yaitu kadar air optimum 21,50% dan kepadatan kering 1,36gr/cm³, variasi 7% yaitu kadar air optimum 22,97% dan kepadatan kering 1,39gr/cm³, variasi 14% yaitu kadar air optimum 23,57% dan kepadatan kering 1,46gr/cm³, variasi 21% yaitu kadar air optimum 22,60% dan kepadatan kering 1,47gr/cm³. Dari pengujian Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP) mengalami peningkatan nilai CBR pada setiap penambahan variasi dari 0% sampai 21% mengalami peningkatan yaitu 0% dengan nilai CBR 4,46%, 7% dengan nilai CBR 6,26%, 14% dengan nilai CBR 7,82% dan 21% dengan nilai CBR 9,86%. Hasil dari penelitian membuktikan bahwa pasir pantai meningkatkan nilai CBR tanah sehingga dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan daya dukung tanah lempung.
Pemanfaatan Batu Sungai Sa’dan Toraja Utara Sebagai Campuran Stone Matrix Asphalt Halus
Authors: Jansen Riki Adi , Ali Nur , Rachman Rais
Published: May 2021

Sungai Sa’dan di Pangli Kecamatan Sesean, adalah salah satu Sungai di Kabupaten Toraja Utara yang memiliki sumber batu yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan perkerasan jalan. Namun, material belum pernah diuji secara labotarium sebagai salah satu persyaratan untuk dapat digunakan sebagai material untuk perkerasan jalan utamanya campuran Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pemanfaatan batu sungai Sa’dan sebagai campuran Stone Matrix Asphalt Halus menggunakan variasi kadar aspal 6.00%, 6.25%, 6.50%, 6.75% dan 7.00%. Spesifikasi yang digunakan adalah Spsifikasi Bina Marga 2018 Divisi 6 Revis1 1. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian Batu dari sungai Sa’dan kelurahan Pangli Kecamatan Sesean Kabupaten Toraja Utara dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan untuk campuran Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA) halus. Kadar aspal yang dapat digunakan pada pencampuran ini, dapat menggunakan kadar aspal antara 6% sampai dengan 7% namun untuk mendapatkan campuran yang lebih kedap air dapat menggunakan kadar aspal 7%. Hasil uji marshall immersion dengan menggunakan kadar aspal 7% adalah 96,30%, hal ini menunjukkan campuran tersebut akan tahan terhadap perendaman selama 24 jam.
Pemanfaatan Batu Gunung Limbong Kecamatan Rantepao Dalam Campuran Stone Matrix Asphalt Kasar
Authors: Timbonga Chelia Febriyani , Alpius  , Radjawane Louise Elizabeth
Published: May 2021

Pada penelitian ini menggunakan agregat dari batu Gunung Limbong untuk campuran Stone Matrix Asphalt kasar.  Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui karakteristik agregat dan komposisi SMA kasar. Hasil dari pengujian Marshall konvensional akan digunakan sebagai acuan dalam penentuan Kadar aspal optimum kemudian akan dibuat lagi benda uji Kadar aspal optimum campuran Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA) kasar kemudian dilakukan pengujian Marshall Immersion untuk memperoleh nilai Stabilitas Marshall Sisa. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan di Laboratorium Jalan dan Aspal Fakultas Teknik Jurusan Sipil Universitas Kristen Indonesia Paulus Makassar, menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik bahan perkerasan berupa batu gunung Limbong Kecamatan Rantepao memenuhi Spesifikasi sebagai bahan lapisan perkerasan jalan. Melalui Uji Marshall konvensional diperoleh karakteristik campuran Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA) kasar dengan kadar aspal 6,00 % , 6,25 % , 6,50 % , 6,75 % , dan 7,00 %.  Hasil pengujian Marshall Immersion diperoleh Stabilitas Marshall Sisa sebesar 94,16% dengan kadar aspal 7,00% memenuhi persyaratan yaitu > 90 % sesuai dengan Spesifikasi Umum Bina Marga 2018.
Identifikasi Sebaran Nikel Laterit dan Volume Bijih Nikel Menggunakan Korelasi Data Bor
Authors: Fitrian Eltrit Bima
Published: May 2021

Nikel  yang merupakan salah satu bahan galian ekonomis yang terdapat di bumi ini tentunya perlu diketahui penyebarannya untuk dapat memberikan keuntungan secara ekonomis dan memenuhi permintaan di bidang perindustrian, mengingat pentingnya fungsi nikel yang sangat dibutuhkan oleh industri logam dunia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) mengidentifikasi penyebaran endapan nikel laterit pada daerah pertambangan PT.Vale indonesia, Sorowako Luwu Timur (2) mengetahui besar volume bijih nikel agar nantinya eksplorasi lanjut secara komersial dapat dilakukan. Untuk mengidentifikasi penyebaran nikel laterit maka digunakan korelasi data bor, data bor yang telah didapatkan diolah oleh Software ArGcis 9.3 sehingga diperoleh daerah sebaran endapan nikel pada lapisan - lapisan laterit. Kemudian untuk melihat penampang lapisan laterit nikel dalam 3 dimensi digunakan Software Surpac 6.1.2  sedangkan untuk mengetahui besar volume bijih nikel,digunakan metode Area Of Influence (Daerah Pengaruh). Penyebaran endapan nikel pada lapisan laterit dipengaruhi oleh bentuk topografi daerah penelitian dan kemiringan lereng. Sedangkan untuk hasil perhitungan total volume bijih nikel yang diperoleh pada tiap lapisan laterit adalah sebesar 2.913.682 m3.
Solar Dryer for Large/Medium Scale Ripening and Drying of Dates; A Case Study of Dates Growing Area of Pakistan
Authors: Sultana Saeeda , Hussain Syed , Farooq Muhammad , Ehsan Muhammad
Published: May 2021

This study describe the design features and performance of the unglazed transpired solar dryer for large and medium scale drying of Dates in the Dates growing area of Pakistan. The dryer has the designed capacity to dry 500 Kg of Dates from Khalaal (70% humidity) to Tamar (25% humidity), at 55 C ± 5 C in 72 continuous hours using biomass furnace as an auxiliary heat source and it covers approximately 256 m2 areas. This is the ideal humidity condition to store Dates for one year without any further degradation. In traditional open sunshine the huge quantity of Dates are dried in over 150 h hours and requires hectare of area to spread the Dates. Moreover, the quality of Dates in the open sunshine is affected badly due to two main reasons. Firstly, the heavy dust in the area that sticks the Dates during the drying process makes them unable to eat. Secondly, the Monsoon rains in the months of July and August also destroys Dates placed in the open areas for drying. Dera Ismail (D.I.) Khan, a remote district of Khyber Pakhtoon Khawa province of Pakistan, was selected to study the performance of Dates dryer, where solar insolation is 700-750 W/m2 in the months of July and August. The Dates were dried continuously and during off sunshine hours biomass auxiliary source was used. This solar dryer, containing eight trolleys and each trolley is loaded with twelve trays, is the first in Pakistan to dry a large amount of Dates. Moreover, the unglazed transpired dryer is designed in such a way that it can withstand the dusty atmosphere of D.I. Khan and also protect the Dates from dust and rainy water during the drying period. The design does not have any adverse effect on the quality of dried Dates. In D.I. Khan around 350 days are sunny per year and solar thermal technology is economically feasible compared to other conventional energy resources with a payback period of 3 and 7.5 years compared to un-subsided and subsided cost of Natural Gas respectively. The Natural Gas is the cheapest conventional energy source in Pakistan. But solar thermal technology is yet not popular source of energy in the area due to lack of information, fear of initial capital cost and weak government policies for renewable energies. This study also incorporates the recommendations to overcome these issues regarding Solar Thermal Technology, PACS Number: 44.40.+a, 89.30.Cc, 84.60.- h, 89.30.-g.
Elemental Profile of Kinnow (Citrus reticulata) Growing in Sargodha District
Authors: Ghani Abdul , Ikram Muhammad , Hussain Mujahid , Imran Muhammad , Nadeem Muhammad , Imtiaz Amna
Published: May 2021

Citrus is one of the most commonly used as a fruit in Pakistan. To estimate their elemental profile citrus were collected from five different tehsils of Sargodha district. Elemental analysis was carried out by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. There results showed that citrus fruits have riched source of minerals and have highest concentrations of Cu (2.71 mg/Kg), Mn (0.1633 mg/Kg) and Zn (31.72 mg/Kg) noted in T1 (Silanwali), while the maximum concentrations of Mg (65.247 mg/Kg), Cr (0.343 mg/Kg),  P (1.146 mg/Kg), Co (0.536 mg/Kg), K (133.01 mg/Kg) were found in T2 (Sahiwal), T4 (Kotmomin) and T5 (Bhehra), respectively. Fluctuation in elemental profile of Citrus reticulata may be attributed to spatial variations or may be due to agro-climatic conditions that varies in all tehsils.
Growth, Yield and Quality Response of Three Wheat Varieties to Foliar Spray of Micro Nutrients
Authors: Tahir Muhammad , Naveed Muhammad Tahir , Sheikh Aftab Ahmad , Maqbool Rizwan
Published: May 2021

A field experiment was carried out to test the result of foliar application of micro nutrients on growth, quality and yield of three wheat verities. The trial was performed at Agronomic research area, University of Agriculture Faisalabad. Wheat varieties Jouhar 2016, Ujala 2015 and Gold 2016 were sown. Combination of micro nutrient (Zn 2%, B 0.5%, Fe 1%, Mn 1% and Cu 0.5%) with different amounts (no spray, water spray, 1000 mL/ha, 1250 mL/ha and 1500 mL/ha) was sprayed at booting stage. By results of this study,it is concluded that foliar spray of micro nutrients has significant effect on growth, yield and quality parameters. Statistically highly significant effect of 1250 mL/ha spray of micro nutrients mixture was observed on plant height (105.33 cm), grains/spike (48), grain yield (5336.3 Kg/ha), biological yield (12829 Kg/ha), carbohydrates (63.7%) and protein (11.4%) under V2F4 (Ujala 2015 + 1250 mL/ha micro nutrients).
Production and Characterisation Partial Lipase of Bacillus halodurans Cml Mutant for Biodetergen
Authors: Aisyah Arina , Trismilah Trismilah , Mangunwardoyo Wibowo , Suhendar Dadang
Published: May 2021

This study aims to produce lipase of the Bacillus halodurans CM1 mutant and its assess partial characteristics, performed in Bora and Bora modified medium. The purification was conducted using Ultrafiltration (UF), ammonium sulfate (AS) and polyethylene glycol (PEG). Results revealed that the highest purity lipase of B. halodurans CM1 mutant was 1.49-fold from the UF-AS-dyalisis, with a molecular weight of 35.7-37.4 KDa. The optimum condition of lipase enzyme was achieved at pH 7 and temperature 50 °C, relatively stable at pH 7-8 and temperature 30-70 °C. Mg2+, Ca2+, Zn2+, Mn2+, Fe2+ and K+ ions of concentrations, 1 mM to 10 mM increased enzyme lipase activity. The Km value was 0.23 mg/mL and Vmax 4.07 U/mL. Lipase was stable with the addition of a detergent concentration of 1-2% (69.60-57.10%), and with the  washing test, the enzyme capable of hydrolyzing oil on cloth is 8.40%.
A Review of Taxonomic Perspective of Diversity in Gymnosperms of Kashmir Himalaya
Authors: Dar Abdul Rashid , Andleeb Lubna , Dar Ghulam Hassan , Wani Mohammad Rafiq , Akhter Afroza , Shah Naseer Hussain , Amin Irfana
Published: May 2021

Varied floristic works relevant to Kashmir Himalaya were thoroughly examined to compile taxonomic contributions of various taxonomists viz. a viz. diversity in gymnosperms of this region. Extensive field surveys and standard taxonomic methods were used to locate, collect, identify and prepare an updated list of the target group. A total of 25 species of gymnosperms belonging to 13 genera in 6 families and 4 orders have been documented from the Kashmir Himalaya. Wild gymnosperms are represented by 11 species with conifers forming the most dominant group. Among families, Pinaceae is highest represented with 6 species, while Taxaceae is least represented. Cultivated gymnosperms exceed wild growing species, and Cupressaceae is most dominant with 9 species whereas Ginkgoaceae is least represented. Out 25 species 19 (7 wild + 12 cultivated) are trees, 5 (3 wild + 2 cultivated) are shrubs and only 1 is sub-shrub.
ROUND THE ISSUE OF COINAGE OF THE NORTHEASTERN TRANSCAUCASIAN KHANATES IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 18-TH CENTURY
Authors: MKHITARYAN GOHAR
Published: May 2021

In the second half of the 18-th century the Northeastern Transcaucasian Khanates have continued the Iran’s state monetary policy traditions. The coinage historical analysis reveals, that Transcaucasian Khans were using this function to show their political stance towards Iran. And they were duing a certain diplomacy, which is consistent with the Northeastern Transcaucasian Khan’s maneuvers policy.
IRAN’S RELIGIOUS POLICY TOWARDS AZERBAIJAN (2010-2016)
Authors: ISRAYELYAN ARMEN
Published: May 2021

This article is about Iran’s religious policy towards Azerbaijan during 2010-2016.
In 2009-2013 Iranian former president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad was serving his second term. Unlike Iran's President Hassan Rohani, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad had the support of conservative clergymen and political figures. Therefore, the conservatives had a great influence on his government's religious policy.
When looking through the official statements of the representatives of Iranian Embassy in Azerbaijan, Iranian official media, senior clerics, intellectuals and experts during the terms of the two presidents, one can notice that these statements fully reflect the distinct foreign policy of each president.
To prevent the establishment of Iran's model of governance based on the Shia ideology, Azerbaijani authorities restricted activities of Shia groups. Moreover, in order to neutralize the potential threat coming from Iran, Azerbaijan started to conduct anti-Iranian policy through it various bodies.
President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad had strict stance towards Azerbaijan’s such an anti-Shia policy. However, current president of Iran has more tolerant stance on this issue and does not criticize Azerbaijan for its anti-Shia policy since he has changed Iran’s foreign policy towards Azerbaijan.
CHINESE PEACEFUL RISE AND DEVELOPMENT. THE THEORY OF “CHINA’S THREAT”
Authors: HARUTYUNYAN AGHAVNI
Published: May 2021

People’s Republic of China (PRC) has achieved phenomenal economic growth and unprecedented development “miracle” in human history. From the middle of the first decade of this century China has become a significant player in the global economy, it has flourished into a formidable economy, ranked the second largest in the world, and stands as the largest, the fastest growing and the most heavily engaged in international business and investment.

The sustained and rapid growth of China’s economy, since the late 1970s, initiated by Deng Xiaoping (8 March 1978 - 17 June 1983), driven by reform and opening-up policy, became one of the most important milestones of the global economy during the past quarter century. The reform and opening up has enabled China to complete the historic transformation from a semi-closed society into a fully open one. Today, the openness of Chinese society and its integration with the outside world have reached unprecedented levels. The consequence of integration into the global economy, economic development has made China into a major force and advocate of globalization. China has become the strategic center of the “global factory” that produces the commodities consumed globally, above all in the centers of global capitalism.
ԱՔԵՄԵՆՅԱՆ ՊԱՐՍԿԱՍՏԱՆԻ ՄԱՐԱԿԱՆ ՍԱՏՐԱՊՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՏԱՐԱԾՔԸ ԵՎ ՍԱՀՄԱՆՆԵՐԸ
Authors: KHORIKYAN HOVHANNES
Published: May 2021

Many important and wrinkled issues on the administrative policy and historical geography of X Satrapy were examined in the article, the elucidation of which has an important meaning for studying the history of Achaemenid Persia. The study of the ethnical structure and the territory of the Median Satrapy shows that the latter has been developed on the base of the Iranian ethnical component. Тhe X Satrapy was divided into four subdistricts: Agbatana, the rest of Media, the territories of the Paricanians and Orthocorybantians.
ON SOME FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC POLICY ISSUES OF MIDDLE ASSYRIAN EMPIRE
Authors: TSAKANYAN RUSLAN
Published: May 2021

The article focused on the issues of the conquest of Assyria by the
Kingdom of Mittani, and expressed an opinion that Mittanian supremacy
over the Aššur was not long-lasting. Based on the construction work of
Aššūr-bēl-nīšēšu (1407-1399 B.C.) and the fact of the treaty concluded
between Karaindaš I, king of Babylon, it is evident that the king of Aššur
was acting as an independent ruler. We assume that hardly being under
the domination of the Kingdom of Mittani, he could have established diplo-
matic relations with a third country and to the resolve border issues. Thus,
proceeding from the above, it can be clearly stated that the chronological
problems of Mittanian domination over Aššur need to be revised. And the
Middle Assyrian Kingdom should be dated to the reign of Aššūr-bēl-nīšēšu.
Among the Middle-Assyrian kings' well-known inscriptions the first
record of deportation in the area of Assyria we meet during the reign of
Arik-dēn-ili (1307-1296 B.C.), and then in the reign of his son Adad-nīrāri
I (1295-1264 B.C.). Kings of the Middle Assyria, mostly destroyed and
plundered of conquered territories. Only in the inscription of Aššūr-bēl-
kala (1074-1057 B.C.) for the first time we meet one of the earliest
manifestations of the king's use of deportation and resettlement. It should
also be noted that before the reign of Tukultī-apil-Ešarra (Tiglath-pileser)
III (745-727 B.C.) this policy was not included in the agenda of the state
policy, so the taking and transfering prisoners to the land of Assyria or any
other country cannot be regarded as a mass deportation.
SOME DETAILS ABOUT TIMUR LANG’S LAMENESS AND ORIGIN
Authors: MARGARYAN GOR
Published: May 2021

Tīmūr ibn Tarağāī was born in 1336 (or 1334) in the village Khoja Ilğar of the district Kesh in Mawarannahr, by the origin he was from turkified Mongolian tribe Barlās. He is known as Timur Lang, Tamerlane, Tamburlaine, Temir Aksak, which means Lame Timur or Lame Iron: according to ibn 'Arabshah, his name was Tīmūr, which in other languages (probably in Turkish or Persian) pronounced as Tamūr or Tamrlank/Tamarlank and ''he is the Iron ibn Tarağāī in Turkish''. The information of ibn ‘Arabshah about the stealing of sheep is repeated in the Russian source, which inform us that after stealing the sheep they caught, beat him and throw him to feed dogs. They also broke his leg and tigh-bone. The source affirms in surprise that Timur reminded alive and as he was a smith, he
tempered his leg with iron and after that he was called Temir AksakLame Iron.
The compatible information let us to suppose that the fact of injuring in the leg or in the arm was used later to mask his inborn defects and to present under heroic light, as a result of the injurance in the battle. M. Gerasimov noticed also that there was no trace on the leg which would be result of the injurance and it is more probably that it was an inborn defect.
Virtual In-Service Training: Its Impact to Teaching and Learning Process in the New Normal School Setting
Authors: Ularte Marcelo B.
Published: May 2021

This study was undertaken by the researcher to assess how effective the Virtual In- Service Training (INSET) in the teaching-learning process in the New Normal School Setting. Specifically, this sought to answer the teacher’s perception on the teaching and learning process in the New Normal, how the respondents assess Virtual In-Service Training (INSET) in terms of training management, content, delivery of learning, relevance and expertise of the speakers and the effects of Virtual In-Service Training (INSET) in teaching and learning in the New Normal. In this study, descriptive research was used. Google online survey questionnaire was the main instrument used to generate the needed information. Results showed that in terms of teacher’s perception of the teaching and learning process in the New Normal strongly agreed on the learning concepts and skills were more reflective, content was appealing and interesting, it promoted students independent learning and enhanced mutual understanding between teachers and students. The Virtual In-Service Training was very good as reflected on the Google survey and as an essential need for all the teachers to grow more professionally and to learn new concepts and styles relative to teaching. It was attested effectively in terms of relevance, content, expertise of the speakers, training management and delivery of learning. Results of the effects of Virtual In-Service Training (INSET) in teaching and learning process in the new normal school setting gained positive remarks focusing on improving teacher’s computer literacy, quality of teacher training, enhanced self-directed learning skills and developed sense of perfect behavior in working strategies. It is recommended that teachers need to find ways on looking a stable internet connection for the smooth flow of the Virtual In-Service Training.
Class Observation in Science: Tool in Reshaping Teaching and Learning
Authors: Ularte Marcelo B.
Published: May 2021

This study was undertaken by the researcher to determine how class observation reshape teaching and learning. Specifically, this sought to assess the age, gender, position and length of service of Science Teachers, how the respondents assess classroom observation and their perceived impacts of the respondents on the use of classroom observation tool (COT) in improving teaching and learning. In this study, descriptive research was used. The questionnaire was the main instrument used to generate the needed information. The respondents of the study were the nine (9) Science Teachers of the department. No sampling was used since all teachers were involved. Results showed that in terms of classroom observation, Science Teachers strongly agreed that classroom observation encourages teachers to work harder and better, it is a process of learning under democratic approach, it makes natural flow of teaching –learning process, it guides the teachers to improve their instruction for the welfare of the students and the more classroom observation, the more the teachers become more efficient and effective in classroom teaching.  Majority of the Science Teachers strongly agreed that the use of classroom observation tool (COT) in improving teaching and learning results to a high performance of the teachers, it helps teachers provide quality learning to students, are student-centered, requiring direct evidence of student engagement and learning and concise and clear enough for teachers and observers to read and understand thoroughly and use easily. It is recommended that Science Teachers should always coordinate the department head for better quality instruction and for possible technical assistance the head can offer to any Science Teachers.  Accept positively the suggestions made by the head during pre-post conference. Science Teachers always remember the teaching principle that every day is an observation day so that teachers are always prepared when the department head observes the classes.
The Effectiveness of Indigenous and Low – Cost- Teacher Made Science Instructional Materials in Selected Third Year Students of The Balayan National High School
Authors: Panganiban Rhoda E.
Published: May 2021

The study entitled “The Effectiveness of Indigenous and Low-Cost-Teacher Made Science Instructional Materials in Selected third Year Students of the Balayan National High School” aimed to strongly emphasized the manner by which science is taught as well as the content are matters of concern that need careful analysis. The use of indigenous and low cost-made instructional materials by the science III teachers becomes highly commendable and their relation to selected variables: students’ achievement in science,  students’ attitude toward the use of low-cost teacher made instructional materials in selected third year students of Balayan National High School .The researcher would like to find out whether the use of indigenous and low-cost instructional materials will be of great help to the students’ improved achievement in science and  contribute to upgrade the science instruction in secondary level. Based on the results, it was found out that indigenous and low – cost teacher –made science instructional materials were effective substitute for different laboratory apparatuses and there were positive attitudes of the students with regard to the utilization of indigenous and low – cost teacher – made science instructional materials. There was a significant correlation of the degree of utilization of the materials with respect to students’ performance in Science; the effectiveness of indigenous and low – cost teacher – made science instructional materials were 100% effective as that of the actual laboratory apparatus.
Effectiveness of the Enrichment Activity in Naming and Writing Chemical Formulas Among Grade 10 Students of Bilaran National High School
Authors: Loquias Anabelle U.
Published: May 2021

This study aimed to assess the effectiveness  of the enrichment activity in  naming and writing chemical formulas among Grade 10 students of Bilaran Natonal High School. Chemical compound names and formulas can be very complex. This competency is a pre-requisite topic  to comprehend  chemical reactions.  Students experience difficulty in dealing  with  balancing  equation without this knowledge. The researcher used the descriptive and the quasi-experimental method of research. A 50-item adapted examination for pre-test and post-test were utilized to determine the effectiveness of enrichment activity. Descriptive evaluation of the Chemistry Name Game Card was employed to identify how the activity impart knowledge to the students through a questionnaire.The outcome reveals that there is an increase and improvement in the mastery of the topic using the enrichment activity.  The respondents strongly agree about the effectiveness of the enrichment activity in terms of it’s goal and objective, components and organization, playability and playfulness and usefulness.  An action plan was proposed for the continuous improvement in the academic performance of students in naming and writing chemical formulas prior discussing chemical reaction.
Aprendizagem baseada em problemas e o ensino do conceito de geração de energia elétrica
Authors: Araya Ana Maria Osorio , Oliveira Rodrigo Afonso La Casa de
Published: May 2021

Geralmente o processo de ensino aprendizagem é ineficiente quando a metodologia empregada pelo professor é pouco estimulante, razão pela qual o aluno de ensino médio é pouco motivado a estudar Física. Para mudar este panorama existem atualmente metodológicas que colocam o aluno no centro do processo de ensino, sendo ele o protagonista de sua própria aprendizagem. Uma destas metodologias, utilizada nesta pesquisa, é chamada Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas (ABP), que consiste em apresentar uma situação problema, que leva os alunos a uma análise, reflexão a apontamento de soluções para resolvê-la, em todos seus aspectos. O professor atua como orientador do processo, sendo necessário que ele organize o conteúdo e atividades em uma Sequência Didática (SD), ferramenta que organiza conteúdos e atividades relacionadas com os objetivos das aulas, auxiliando no desenvolvimento de competências e habilidades dos alunos. Como metodologia de pesquisa utilizou-se a pesquisa qualitativa, pois analisa atitudes, motivações e comportamentos dos alunos. Para responder à pergunta: Quais as fontes de energia que poderiam ser utilizadas para gerar energia elétrica em uma cidade onde não existem hidroelétricas. Utilizou-se a ABP para o trabalho com os alunos, que foram divididos em grupo. Ao analisar os relatórios, a apresentação dos grupos, e defesa de resultados de cada um deles, percebe-se nos alunos um amadurecimento pois foram capazes de trabalhar em grupo, analisar e refletir frente aos resultados obtidos, além de mostrar que eles são capazes de utilizar ferramentas como internet, powerpoint e redigir relatórios bem estruturados.
Experiences of domestic violence among women with restrictive long-term health conditions: report for the Royal Commission into Violence, Abuse, Neglect and Exploitation of People with Disability
Authors: Boxall Hayley , Morgan Anthony
Published: May 2021

This report was prepared for the Royal Commission into Violence, Abuse, Neglect and Exploitation of People with Disability. It describes the domestic violence experiences of women with restrictive long-term health conditions during the initial stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, using survey data collected in May 2020 from over 8,000 Australian women who were in a current relationship. After controlling for a number of other factors associated with domestic violence such as age, Indigenous status and education level, women with a restrictive long-term health condition were more likely than women without such health conditions to have experienced physical or sexual partner violence and/or coercive control in the three months prior to the survey. Women with restrictive long-term health conditions were also more likely to report experiencing the onset or escalation of domestic violence in the past three months. The risk of domestic violence was even higher among women with intersecting risk factors for domestic violence: Indigenous women, women from non-English-speaking backgrounds, and women under financial stress.
Criminal justice responses to child sexual abuse material offending: a systematic review and evidence and gap map
Authors: Eggins Elizabeth , Mazerolle Lorraine
Published: May 2021

This report provides the world’s first systematic review of criminal justice responses to child sexual abuse material (CSAM) offending. The systematic search identified 20,820 records, yielding eight eligible impact evaluations. Six studies focused on policing and two on the judicial arm of the criminal justice system. No correctional impact evaluations met our inclusion criteria. We qualitatively synthesise the evidence and use an evidence and gap map to visualise the current state of the evaluation evidence. Future research needs to prospectively design and rigorously evaluate evidence-informed interventions that are specifically tailored to CSAM offending.
Who is most at risk of physical and sexual partner violence and coercive control during the COVID-19 pandemic?
Authors: Boxall Hayley , Morgan Anthony
Published: May 2021

In this study, we analysed data from a survey of Australian women (n=9,284) to identify women at the highest risk of physical and sexual violence and coercive control during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. Logistic regression modelling identified that specific groups of women were more likely than the general population to have experienced physical and sexual violence in the past three months. These were Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women, women aged 18–24, women with a restrictive health condition, pregnant women and women in financial stress. Similar results were identified for coercive control, and the co-occurrence of both physical/sexual violence and coercive control. These results show that domestic violence during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic was not evenly distributed across the Australian community, but more likely to occur among particular groups.
Tantangan Dominasi Amerika Serikat oleh Tiongkok dalam Perang Dagang
Authors: Niken Wilantari Regina , Bawono Suryaning
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dominasi ekonomi Amerika yang disaingi oleh China di era digital. Persaingan antara China dan negara adidaya Amerika Serikat tidak hanya dalam perang dagang. Namun dalam persaingan teknologi, salah satunya adalah tek­nologi digital. Persaingan panas Amerika Serikat dengan China pada tahun 2020 mereda dalam politik seperti yang terjadi di Laut China Selatan. Perang dagang antara China dan Amerika Serikat ber­dampak pada perekonomian global. Makalah ini menganalisis per­ban­dingan ketahanan ekonomi Amerika Serikat dan China terhadap 3 krisis keuangan global. Variabel ekonomi Amerika dan China diukur secara sistematis dari periode 1960 hingga 2019 dengan menggu­na­kan metode model Threshold Autoregressive (TAR) dalam menggam­bar­kan dominasi perekonomian Amerika yang cenderung stabil dengan guncangan yang cukup signifikan pada tahun 2008 akibat salah urus berbasis perbankan. Tentang riba dan dosa ekonomi ba­waan. Pada tahun 1971, apa yang disebut guncangan dan tantangan Nixon terhadap ekonomi Tiongkok terus menguat berdasarkan per­dagangan internasional dan produksi nasional Tiongkok. Model TAR menjelaskan potensi peramalan berdasarkan data masa lalu untuk menggambarkan perilaku data dari setiap variabel yang diuji. Kami menemukan bahwa China tahan terhadap guncangan krisis ke­uang­an yang terjadi di Asia pada tahun 1997, krisis ekonomi global 2008, dan krisis keuangan yang terjadi di Eropa dari tahun 2010 hingga 2013 dan berpotensi menggusur Amerika sebagai negara dominan di ekonomi. Kemungkinan dominasi ekonomi dari Amerika Serikat ke China dimungkinkan. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan perkembangan eko­nomi Tiongkok yang sangat pesat selama masa studi.Kata kunci: perang dagang, Cina, Amerika, TAR, threshold autore­gressive, GDP, krisis
Competitive Ability and Physiological Aspects of Single and Intercropped Arugula (Eruca sativa Miller)
Authors: Viana Caris Dos Santos , Guimarães Marcelo De Almeida , Lemos Neto Hozano De Souza , Sampaio ítalo Marlone Gomes , Hendges Ana Régia Alves de Araújo , Rabelo Janiquelle Da Silva
Published: May 2021

The aim of this study was to evaluate the competitive ability and physiological aspects of arugula intercropped with different aromatic condiment species. The study was carried out at the Teaching Garden of the Federal University of Ceará, Brazil. A randomised complete block design was used, with four replications and seven treatments: T1 (single arugula), T2 (arugula intercropped with coriander), T3 (arugula and parsley), T4 (arugula and garlic chives), T5 (single coriander), T6 (parsley) and T7 (garlic chives). A physiological evaluation was made of the arugula only. Competitive ability was obtained by calculating the aggressivity index, simplified aggressivity, competitive ratio and compensation ratio. The leaf area index and specific leaf area were calculated. No difference was seen between the treatments with arugula for the physiological factors net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, rate of transpiration and instant carboxylation efficiency under evaluation within each crop cycle, but there was a difference between the two cycles. The coriander showed the highest aggressivity index and competitive ratio, and was considered more competitive than the arugula, with a higher compensation ratio. As an intercrop, the arugula showed greater competitive ability than the parsley and garlic chives. The greatest leaf area and leaf area index in the arugula plants were seen when intercropped with coriander.
Identification of Arboreal Vegetation and Potential Areas in the Commercial Center of Capitão Poço, Brazil
Authors: Silva Washington Duarte Silva da , Pereira Jordan Luis Campos Modesto , Costa Milton Garcia , Santos Adriane Dos Santos , Farias Magda Do Nascimento , Ferreira Ana Paula Souza , Abreu Luiz Carlos Pantoja Chuva de , Silva Lucila Ferreira da , Siqueira Maria Thalia Lacerda
Published: May 2021

Green spaces are urban spaces that bring man and nature closer together, positively influencing the quality of life of the population. The planning of green spaces is essential in urban areas and Geographic Information Systems (GIS’s) are tools capable of assisting in the identification, management and monitoring of these spaces. The objective of the work was to map the urban vegetation and carry out a survey of potential areas for parks and green areas in the commercial center from the municipality of Capitão Poço - PA. The study was carried out in the commercial center from Capitão Poço, PA - Brazil by obtaining images from the Google Earth software and photointerpreted with the aid of the QGIS software. Finally, the current and potential tree green areas were identified in the georeferenced images. The survey of green areas in the commercial center identified that only 4.74% of the total area contains tree vegetation, in addition to 53% of this vegetation being found around the mother church and the municipal square of Alvorada. For potential green areas, it was found that the commercial center has 5,873.5% more potential areas in relation to current tree vegetation. In this sense, it is observed that the commercial center from the municipality of Capitão Poço contains a low proportion of areas with arboreal vegetation and a high potential for the implantation of parks, forests and other types of green areas.
Desafios metodológicos na pesquisa com fóruns digitais de discussão de história
Authors: Linkevicius de Andrade Daniela
Published: May 2021

Os fóruns digitais de discussão, também conhecidos como message boards ou discussion boards, são um caso interessante de uma ferramenta que se adaptou ao surgimento de novas estruturas tecnológicas e passou a integrar a web desde seu início, mantendo sua popularidade até os dias de hoje. A partir desse panorama, o objetivo deste artigo é refletir acerca dos desafios metodológicos da análise de fóruns de discussão de história, levando em consideração sua historicidade, bem como a estrutura que possibilita as discussões entre os usuários. Elaborar uma estratégia metodológica para a pesquisa com fóruns digitais envolve, nesse sentido, a necessidade de refletir acerca de sua materialidade, alterada no processo de arquivamento, e sobre a possibilidade de aliar análises qualitativas bem como quantitativas, uma vez que as discussões frequentemente são avaliadas em tempo real por seus participantes.
A Comparison of statistical methods for hospital performance assessment
Authors: Wu Xiaoting , Zhang Min , Jin Ruyun , Grunkemeier Gary L. , Maynard Charles , Hira Ravi S. , MacKenzie Todd , Herbert Morley , He Chang , Holmes Sari D. , Thompson Michael P. , Likosky Donald S.
Published: May 2021

During hospital quality improvement activities, statistical approaches are critical to help assess hospital performance for benchmarking. Current statistical approaches are used primarily for research and reimbursement purposes. In this multiinstitutional study, these established statistical methods were evaluated for quality improvement applications. Leveraging a dataset of 42,199 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting surgery from 2014 to 2016 across 90 hospitals, six statistical approaches were applied. The non-shrinkage methods were: (1) indirect standardization without hospital effect; (2) indirect standardization with hospital fixed effect; (3) direct standardization with hospital fixed effect. The shrinkage methods were: (4) indirect standardization with hospital random effect; (5) direct standardization with hospital random effect; (6) Bayesian method. Hospital performance related to operative mortality and major morbidity or mortality was compared across methods based on variation in adjusted rates, rankings, and performance outliers. Method performance was evaluated across procedure volume terciles: small (< 96 cases/year), medium (96-171), and large (> 171). Shrinkage methods reduced inter-hospital variation (min-max) for mortality (observed: 0%-10%; adjusted: 1.5%-2.4%) and major morbidity or mortality (observed: 2.6%-35%; adjusted: 6.9%-17.5%). Shrinkage methods shrunk hospital rates toward the group mean. Direct standardization with hospital random effect, compared to fixed effect, resulted in 16.7%-38.9% of hospitals changing quintile mortality ranking. Indirect standardization with hospital random effect resulted in no performance outliers among small and medium hospitals for mortality, while logistic and fixed effect methods identified one small and three medium outlier hospitals. The choice of statistical method greatly impacts hospital ranking and performance outlier’ status. These findings should be considered when benchmarking hospital performance for hospital quality improvement activities.
Typische afspraken uit relationship agreements inhoudelijk getoetst
Authors: Baaijens B.
Published: May 2021

Typische afspraken uit relationship agreements inhoudelijk getoetst

De auteur toetst typische afspraken uit relationship agreements tussen Nederlandse beursvennootschappen en hun grootaandeelhouders aan klassieke governanceleerstukken. Vervolgens wordt onderzocht of deze afspraken vennootschapsrechtelijk kunnen doorwerken. De belangrijkste conclusie is dat grootaandeelhouders via relationship agreements vergaande invloed verkrijgen binnen beursvennootschappen, gebaseerd op afspraken die geregeld grenzen van dwingend vennootschapsrecht overschrijden.
WEIGHTED COMPOSITION OPERATORS AND DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS
Authors: SINGH R. K. , SINGH BHOPINDER
Published: May 2021

Let $X$ be a completely regular Hausdorff space, $E$ a Hausdorff locally convex topo­logical vector space, and $V$ a system of weights on $X$. Denote by $CV_b(X, E)$ ($CV_o(X, E)$) the weighted space of all continuous functions $f : X \to E$ such that $vf (X)$ is bounded in $E$ (respectively, $vf$ vanishes at infinity on $X$) for all $v \in V$. In this paper, we give an improved characterization of weighted composition operators on $CV_b(X, E)$ and present a linear dynamical system induced by composition operators on the metrizable weighted space $CV_o(\mathbb{R}, E)$.