bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of opportunities for socio-economic sustainable development of small towns in Jambyl oblast
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Ussenov Nurbol , Salimzhanov Nursultan , Laiskhanov Shakhislam , Issakov Yerlan , Kilybayev Talgat
Published: July 2024

Achieving sustainable development of small towns as a special system is directly related, first of all, to maintaining socio-economic stability and creating a favourable environment for human life. Indeed, as a basis for the sustainability of small towns, the development of services, effective utilisation of local characteristics and diversification of socio-economic spheres are very important. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to assess the possibilities of socio-economic sustainable development of small towns in Zhambyl region. The study consisted of two stages: at the first stage a systematic analysis of statistical indicators of socio-economic development of Zhambyl region was conducted, the dynamics of sustainable development was assessed, at the second stage a survey was conducted and the information necessary for analysis was collected. The survey was conducted in the cities of Zhanatas, Karatau and Shu, which have the status of small towns in Zhambyl region. As a result of the survey, positive dynamics was noted for all indicators of socio-economic development of Zhambyl region. The volume of production in the region's manufacturing industry totalled 521.7 billion tenge, with a physical volume index of 111.1% compared to 2022. At the same time, the production of food products increased by 17.8%, chemical industry - by 5.5%, oil products - by 19.6%, finished metal products - by 31.9%, machine building - by 7.7%. However, according to the results of a survey conducted in the small towns of Zhanatas, Karatau and Shu, it became known that 31 per cent of respondents earn within 100-200 thousand tenge and 28 per cent within 60-100 thousand tenge. In addition, 66% of residents of small towns ask to increase the number of new jobs. Thus, the study revealed the need to modernise the socio-economic plan for sustainable development of small towns in Zhambyl region, the need to diversify the economy and improve the effective use of the environment.
Geographical aspects of the correlation between the morbidity of the population and the state of environmental objects in the Karaganda region
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Battakova Kamila , Sansyzbayeva Aigerim , Ostanin Oleg
Published: July 2024

This article examines the content of heavy metals in the soil, the characteristics of surface reservoirs, the level of emissions of pollutants into the atmospheric air in urban and rural areas of the Karaganda region. The results of studying the peculiarities of morbidity of the population by classes of diseases living in various microclimatic conditions for 2011-2021 are considered. Correlation analysis revealed statistically significant positive reliable links between the level of lead in the soil and diseases of the blood, hematopoietic organs and individual disorders involving the immune mechanism (r=0,609 (р=0,028)), the level of copper in the soil and diseases of the genitourinary system (r=0,567 (p=0,049)), diseases of the ear and mastoid process (r=0,633 (p=0,028)); the level of SO₂ in the atmospheric air and diseases of the eyes (r=0,633 (p=0,028)), skin and subcutaneous tissue (r=0,567 (p=0,049)), ear and mastoid process (r=0,633 (p=0,028)); the level of NO₂ in the atmospheric air and diseases of the circulatory system (r=0,567 (p=0,049)), endocrine diseases (r=0,700 (p=0,015)); the level of dust, suspended solids and diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (r=0,618 (p=0,033)), infectious and parasitic diseases (r=0,618 (p=0,033)). The highest incidence rates were noted in the cities of Zhezkazgan, Karaganda, Temirtau, Shakhtinsk, Abay and Nurinsky district, Karkaraly district, Abai district of Karaganda region with the harmful effects of potential production factors of industrial enterprises of the mining and metallurgical industry Kazakhmys Corporation LLP, Arcelor Mittal JSC, Balkhash Mining and Metallurgical Combine.
The nonlocal solvability conditions for a system with constant terms and coefficients of the variable t
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Dontsova Marina
Published: July 2024

We consider the Cauchy problem for a system of quasilinear differential equations with constantterms and coefficients of the variablet.We investigate the solvability of the Cauchy problem fora system of quasilinear differential equations with constant terms and coefficients of the variabletusing the additional argument method. A theorem on the existence and uniqueness of the localsolution of the Cauchy problem for a system of quasilinear differential equations with constantterms and coefficients of the variabletis formulated. We obtain sufficient conditions for theexistence and uniqueness of a nonlocal solution of the Cauchy problem in original coordinates fora system of quasilinear differential equations with constant terms and coefficients of the variablet.A theorem on the existence and uniqueness of the nonlocal solution of the Cauchy problem fora system of quasilinear differential equations with constant terms and coefficients of the variabletis formulated. A theorem on the existence and uniqueness of the nonlocal solution of the Cauchyproblem for a system of quasilinear differential equations with constant terms and coefficients ofthe variabletis proved. The proof of the nonlocal solvability of the Cauchy problem for a systemof quasilinear differential equations with constant terms and coefficients of the variabletrelies onglobal estimates.
USING OF MICROCONTROLLER FOR STUDENT LEARNING PROCESS
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Abdiakhmetova Zukhra , Temirbekova Zhanerke , Rasa Aimal , Berdaly Aidana
Published: July 2024

Use of the latest achievements in the field of microcontroller programming, such as the Arduino platform, allows to qualitatively change the educational process, makes it more intense, increases student motivation, and makes it possible to implement an individual approach, which is important. And this, in turn, improves the efficiency and quality of microcontroller programming. The purpose of this study is to propose an effective methodology for using Arduino Atmega 328 microcontrollers for teaching students and evaluate the effectiveness of teaching programming based on the use of Arduino Atmega 328 microcontrollers based on the Kirkpatrick model. The paper presents a broad review of works that consider the interaction of a person and microcontrollers. In addition, the impact of this approach on the process of learning and teaching is being evaluated. More than 95 students took part in this experiment. First, during the semester, students were taught programming using Arduino Atmega 328 microcontrollers, after which they evaluated this learning. The evaluation was carried out at three levels of the Kirkpatrick model [1], and as a result, the second and third levels showed almost the same results with an error of 3 percent. This study concluded that such teaching methodology is very important in the process of student learning. Interaction and collaboration in the field of microcontroller programming has also been used to introduce non-traditional curricula, including courses in robotics as a tool for addressing the social aspects of robotics and artificial intelligence.
DETERMINING THE PROPERTIES OF ROCK SAMPLES USING DEEP MACHINE LEARNING
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Assilbekov Bakhytzhan
Published: July 2024

Porosity, absolute permeability, and diffusion coefficient are crucial characteristics governing fluid flow in the porous media of geological formations. Determining these properties traditionally involves resource-intensive and time-consuming processes. However, with the advancement of deep learning methods in the last 3–4 years, artificial neural networks have gained significant traction in predicting the transport properties of the fluid-porous medium system and the geometric characteristics of porous samples based on their images. This approach allows for the rapid determination of these properties with acceptable accuracy. The aim of this article is to conduct a scientific review of literature from open sources on the deter-mination of absolute permeability, diffusion coefficient, and porosity from their images acquired through various scanning methods. Additionally, this article incorporates proprietary data, specifically images from four carbonate samples. Convolutional neural networks were examined as the method of choice.The results of this article comprise a scientific review of moderate depth regarding the effectiveness and applicability of the approach for determining important characteristics of porous media using deep machine learning methods based on sample images. In this article, we also present the results of predict-ing the open porosity of four carbonate samples based on their X-ray images using the convolutional neural network model we constructed. The conducted review has demonstrated that images (scans) of geological rock samples obtained through various scanning methods allow for the calculation of their transport properties with a high degree of accuracy using deep machine learning algorithms, and this can be achieved within a significantly short timeframe. This implies that deep machine learning can serve as a valuable alternative tool for estimating the properties of geological rock samples based on their images. The convolutional neural network model we constructed exhibited predictive capability for the porosity of three carbonate samples with a coefficient of determination ranging from 0.936 to 0.976.
FORECASTING AIR POLLUTION LEVELS IN TOURIST AREAS IN KAZAKHSTAN USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE METHOD
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Tussupova Kamshat , Bektibay Anel , Autov Zhan
Published: July 2024

This article discusses the use of convolutional neural networks (CNN) to assess air pollution levels in tourist areas and its effects on the tourism industry. Air pollution poses serious challenges to public health and environmental sustainability, especially in regions frequented by tourists. CNN algorithms offer a powerful tool for analyzing air quality based on images collected from a variety of sources, in-cluding satellite data, unmanned aerial vehicles and ground-based sensors. By processing and analyzing these images, CNNS can detect pollution hotspots, track pollution sources, and predict air quality trends. The introduction of CNN-based air quality analysis in tourist destinations provides a number of benefits, including the creation of early warning systems, improved planning and management, promotion of sustainable tourism practices and reputation management. However, in order to realize the full poten-tial of CNN algorithms in this context, it is necessary to solve problems such as data availability, model generalization and interpretability. The combined efforts of policy makers, industry stakeholders, and technology experts are essential to make effective use of CNN-based solutions and create safer, healthier, and more sustainable travel experiences.
Anthelmintic Activity of Foeniculum vulgare Seeds and Meta-Analysis of Some Other Medicinal Plants from Pakistan
Authors: Khalid Aleena , Sultan Hafiz Muhammad
Published: July 2024

Helminthiasis diseases caused by parasitic worms in animals have been a significant challenge worldwide, resulting in substantial economic losses and decreased productivity in the agricultural sector. The use of synthetic drugs to treat these infections has several drawbacks, including the development of drug resistance, high costs, and potential toxicities to both animals and humans. Therefore, researchers looked for other ways to solve the problem and found that medicinal plants might have anthelmintic activities because they have many secondary metabolites. These metabolites have demonstrated the potential to act as natural anthelmintics, making them attractive options for developing novel drugs. Firstly, an experiment was done to test the effectiveness of Foeniculum vulgare seed extract against Gastrothylax crumenifer. Subsequently, we employed a meta-analysis approach to identify plant species and compounds with the most promising anthelmintic activities. The methodology will involve a comprehensive search of various databases to identify relevant research articles on the anthelmintic activity of medicinal plants. The study found that Foeniculum vulgare seed extract was effective against Gastrothylax crumenifer. The study also identified the most active and promising medicinal plants that warrant further investigation for their potential to eradicate parasites. Furthermore, a meta-analysis revealed anthelmintic activity in 34 plants, with the Musaceae, Solanaceae, and Asteraceae families receiving the most extensive research. The findings have implications for developing cost-effective and safe anthelmintic treatments for animals.
Corruption of ministers in the countries and emirates of the Islamic East ( AD1220.820 / AH617-205)
Authors: Ahmed Mohammed Ramadhan , Haji Aboush Farhad
Published: July 2024

This study aims to explain the phenomenon of corruption among ministers in the countries and emirates of the Islamic East in the period between the year (205 AH / 820 AD) to the year (617 AH/1220 AD). This phenomenon was one of the dangerous developments that took place in those emirates, as a group of ministers could ascended that position in those emirates, and were able to reach a high position in the society. A group of them gained an absolute power and interfered in the affairs of the government. The prominent feature of the ministry's position in the countries and emirates of the Islamic East was that it was offered for sale, so everyone who paid the most would get it. In order to restore the huge amounts they spent to get these high positions, they had illegal strategies such as raiding and bribery, and this was a reason for the spread of corruption in the highest positions of the state. The study is divided into eight axes, the first of which was devoted to mentioning the corruption of ministers in the Tahirid emirate, while the second was about the corruption of ministers in the Zaydi emirate, and the third axis dealt with the corruption of ministers in the Samanid emirate, and the fourth axis was devoted to talking about the corruption of ministers in the Ziyarid emirate, while the fifth axis dealt with the corruption of ministers in the Buyid state, whereas the sixth axis dealt with the corruption of ministers in the Ghaznavid state, and the seventh axis focused on the corruption of ministers in the Seljuk state, and the eighth and final axis was about the corruption of ministers in the Khwarizmi state.
Theories of Social Alienation Analysis in the Family
Authors: Abubakrd Mohammed Parwin , Tofiq Raza Bokan
Published: July 2024

Family, as a small effective system for the establishment of the entire society always leaves heated questions to scholars and social workers. Throughout the research, the issues of parental alienation have been apparently highlighted. The reasons for the foremost problems are numerous incompatibilities among the couples and the raise of many divorces. Family, as a small corporation contains several other correlations like the relation between the husband and the wife, as the formation of all the other family relations. Besides, the interactive relations of the family members then the compound families are seen. Furthermore, the new mode of the formation family relations, in the terms professions, positions, age, and literacy rate change, according to the present time of the society, culture, tradition, religion and different extents.The existence and non-existence of the modern world’s reality, family relations take many questions and issues, when this reality has apparently expressed, that the initiation, formation, role and duties are constantly changing. Furthermore, in the standard of living, the family members face challenges, alternatives and determination which all leave their influence the variety of family relations. In one way or another, the influences are seen as the catalyst of the emergence of social alienation among the families.
The penal Responsibility of the special moral Person on the Economic Crimes
Authors: Ibrahim Mohammed Sarhad , Aldden Mohammed Gaznai Safaa
Published: July 2024

The recent economic، social and technological developments resulted in the emergence of multiple private large economic and financial institutions or corporations (the "Corporations") that perform a range of activities with significant influence on the society. Indeed، this can bring great benefits to the society if their activities are properly made، while cause severe damage if they corrupt. Hence، the dangers caused by these corporations and the expanding scale of their damage can lead to economic crime، which is far greater than the harm caused by natural persons. Thus، it is no longer acceptable to ignore such crimes، particularly when the civil penalty is no longer appropriate to ignore their deviations on these corporations which brought huge profits to them. This created an advanced jurisprudence calling for the necessity of bringing punitive measures against these corporations in order to prevent and lessen their dangers to the society. The rapid transition from socialism to capitalism in Iraq after 2003 led to a sharp increase in the number and diversified activities and economic openness that controlled the economy، while the criminal jurisprudence was steps behind such fundamental changes. This research aims to demonstrate the importance of designating criminal responsibilities to these corporations to protect the society، and to identify the legal loopholes in Iraq on how to address them. Despite the existence of the principle of “publicity” for economic crimes or not economic crimes، according to the conditions that must be met in order to be take responsibility، under Article (80) of the Penal Code No. 111 of 1969، hitherto this article alone cannot go side-by-side with the dangers created by these corporations، which requires exclusive fundamental amendments، introducing more legislation providing strict punitive measures against these corporations aiming to safeguard the overall economic system.
Transferring and delaying words in the book of ( Al bahir Al madid fi tafsir Al Quran almajeed ) li Ibn Ajiba
Authors: Jaafar Hussein ahmed Dlsoz , Ali Mohammed Ameen Ahmed
Published: July 2024

This research, tagged with (Transferring and delaying words ) in the book fo (Al bahir Al madid fi tafsir Al Quran Almajeed) li Ibn Ajiba,So this study seeks to highlight the importance of transferring and delaying words by Ibn Ajiba and tries to show the grammatical significance of the miraculous Quranic systems that carry hidden connotations and linguistic secrets can only be reached by reflection and contemplation of the Quranic speech and divine expression
 The style of( transferring and delaying words)occupied the thought of grammarians in the past, starting from Al farahidy and Sibawayhi, then the grammarians followed them examples , especially Sibawayh, where he focused on the significance of attention and care and alert the addressee by changing the sentence and deviating from the original grammatical structure agreed upon by the grammarians in the Arabic sentence.
The phenomenon of transferring and delaying words at the beginning is a grammatical phenomenon and then rhetorical, we find that Al-Jurjani paid attention to it in his book(Dalael Aleajaz) clearly interested and then focused on the importance of the significance of the transformation of words from one place to another place, and the beauty of accuracy in meanings, especially in the Holy Qur'an, because the Qur'anic systems and meanings are not realized by everyone except the expert in Arabic, and this is what made Sibawayh and Al-Jurjani and others to indicate the role of meaning in these transformations that occur in the Arabic sentence.
 We tried in our study to reveal the phenomenon of transferring and delaying words in ( Al bahir Almadid) with a statement of their significance as much as possible, and God bless you.
Observations on Arrogance and Meaning: Finding Truth in an Era of Misinformation
Authors: Cohen Eli
Published: July 2024

Aim/Purpose: The paper discusses various factors contributing to disagreements, such as differing experiences, perspectives, and historical narratives, leading to disagreements within families and societies. It explores how beliefs, values, and biases feed into disagreements, with confirmation bias affecting decision-making and the media. Cultural values also play a role, showcasing conflicts between meritocracy and inclusivity in ethical decision-making. Haidt's Moral Foundations Theory highlights differences in value priorities between Western and Eastern societies. The impact of Western values like rationalism, freedom, and tolerance, under threat from Marxist illiberalism on campuses, is dis-cussed. The text also delves into disinformation, emotions in warfare, and the use of fake information and images for propaganda purposes. The need for diligent reporting to avoid spreading disinformation is emphasized, given its potential to create misconceptions and harm diplomatic relations.
ART CRITICISM SELF-DEFINITION OF RUSSIAN FORMALISTS
Authors: Khrenov Nikolai A. ,   State Institute of Art History
Published: July 2024

The article considers the limits of self-definition of Russian formalist philologists as art researchers. It is demonstrated that formalism was in a state of double crisis: the crisis of ambitions of symbolism and the crisis of positivist art criticism. The crisis of symbolism forced the formalists to look for a new positivist code to substantiate their work, while the crisis of positivism itself required the use of particular aesthetic narratives. The era of general aesthetics came, which evolved from a project in the vein of B. Croce into a shared self-definition of art as probing the gap between the possible and the actual. Formalism, with its pathos of the reality of the word, could not entirely renounce the domain of the possible, which was conceptualized as the core aesthetic sphere, including the production of personal reactions to what was happening. Only the contextualization of formalism within the linguistic turn, drawing on the ideas of Bakhtin and Gadamer, allows us to realize the input of the movement not only to the methods of certain humanities, but also to the specification of art in the 20th century.
ONEIRIC SYMBOLISM AND MULTIPOLAR SUBJECTIVITY IN M. MERLEAU-PONTY’S PHENOMENOLOGICAL ONTOLOGY
Authors: Demin Gleb I. ,   Russian State University for the Humanities
Published: July 2024

In the lecture course of 1954–1955, dealing with the issue of “passivity” in phenomenological philosophy, M. Merleau-Ponty pays much attention to the “unconscious” as “Freud’s discovery”. The philosopher finds approaches to the unconscious by analysing the phenomena of dreaming, memory, etc. on the basis of Freud’s descriptions and offering his own terminology and interpretations of psychoanalytic observations. Merleau-Ponty sets out to overcome the limitations of the original readings of psychoanalytic discovery due, among other things, to the reliance of Freud’s theoretical models on the classical Cartesian concept of subjectivity. In this article, we will consider the theory of “oneiric symbolism”: an area of “mythical” sense-formation, which very phenomenal existence – at the boundary between unconscious and consciousness, activity and passivity, subject and world – pushes Merleau-Ponty to revise classical ontological models. We will show for what fundamental issues of phenomenological ontology Merleau-Ponty uses the concept of “oneiric symbolism” and what conclusions he manages to reach with its help, and briefly characterise the mutual relation between the models of subjectivity offered by phenomenological ontology and Freudian psychoanalysis.
“JUBILATION FOR THE COURT OFFICIAL”. SCENES OF THE OFFICIAL’S RETURN AFTER BEING AWARDED IN THE DECORATION SYSTEM OF PRIVATE TOMBS DATED BACK TO THE NEW KINGDOM OF ANCIENT EGYPT
Authors: Ershova Elena S. ,   Russian State University for the Humanities
Published: July 2024

The phenomenon of the court officials’ being awarded by the king for the loyal service had reached the highest peak of its development by the New Kingdom period as confirmed by a considerable number of sources, as well as by scenes illustrating the pharaoh’s rewarding of the nobility, which appeared in private tombs first during the reign of Thutmose IV. However, the focus of the article will not be on reliefs that illustrate the process of awarding an official, but rather on less common scenes that attest to the awarding of an official. The present article is about the features of the composition of the scenes of an official’s return after being awarded their evolution, and the place of such scenes in the system of painting private tombs of the XVIII–XIX dynasties. In the XVIII dynasty, especially in the Amarna era, when reward scenes are at their greatest, such subjects are part of a scene illustrating the awarding of an official, such as the scene in the tomb of Aye at Akhetaton (TA 25). But already during the reign of the last kings of the XVIII dynasty they become a separate scene, which first appears on stelae, such as the stela of Ani, and then on the walls of tombs, (for instance, the Tomb of Maya, LS 27). That kind of scenes continued its existence during the early period of the XIX dynasty: images in the Tomb of Amenemope (TT 41) and the Tomb of Userhat (TT 51) reflect the impact which the Amarna style had on the XIX Dynasty art because they are stylistically close to it. Probably there’s no rewarding scene exactly because those officials were not awarded by a king himself, the rewards were handed over to them by the high-ranking officials in the royal treasury of the palace. During the reign of the XX dynasty such scenes completely disappear from private tombs, indirectly marking the changing the officials’ role at the royal court, generally downgrading the role of the private individual in state affairs and bringing the deeds of the ruler back to the forefront, as was the case in the early XVIII dynasty.
ON THE GENRE OF PASSIO PERPETUAE ET FELICITATIS
Authors: Braginskaya Nina V. ,   HSE University, Davidoglu Sergei N. ,   Russian State University for the Humanities,   Institute for Bible Translation
Published: July 2024

Early Christian genres called in antiquity “passions” and “martyrias” or “acts” had no clear genre boundaries. Neither literary frameworks were established, nor fidelity to generic canon was much important to Christians who wrote about martyrdom. They often wrote epistles because they wanted to tell their fellow believers about the deeds of the martyrs, often relied on authentic records of trials and eyewitness accounts, often praised the passion-bearers, and used martyrologies as liturgical texts. Martyrology gradually developed into hagiography with its subgenres. But even against this background, the “Passion of Perpetua and Felicitas” demonstrates exclusively elusive generic nature. The traditional title “Passio” corresponds to the content of the text under discussion. However, the work is made up of many parts written by different authors, not simultaneously, and combined into a single book. At least five persons were involved in the compilation of this set of documents (the communis opinio – three persons). These five had different statuses and different tasks. Theologue and author of the Prologue and Epilogue preached and glorified the martyrs, Perpetua created extragenre commentaria or hypomnemata for her congregation about the events of the prison, mainly about her dreamy visions given to her by the Holy Spirit: a heavenly journey, two journeys to the underworld, and a symbolic dream of the coming martyrdom as a victory over the devil. The Vision of Saturus has apocalyptic features, but what he saw he saw as if already beyond his earthly life; the Eyewitness created an account of what happened in the prison and in the arena, very vivid, but not fulfilling the minimum conditions of acts and martyrdoms: interrogation, sentence, burial, cult. The fifth author brought all the texts together and provided explanatory inserts, thus turning the whole functionally into an epistle that could be sent from Carthage to the larger world to be read in the Church. The result is a genre to which there are no analogues in ancient literature, and attempts to define this book through the genres of ancient literature both as a whole and in parts are unsuccessful. However, the genre of the documentary book, written by different authors at different times, in different genres, including apocalyptic, acts and passions, sermons, epistles, and visions, had emerged by the time of our Passio as the whole collection of the New Testament, with all the disparate texts, though independent, all dealing with one great event: the life, death, and resurrection of Christ and the establishment of his church. It served as a model for the compilation of the “Passion of Perpetua and Felicitas”.
PERSONAL FUNDS OF THE 20TH CENTURY SCIENTISTS, INVENTORS AND EDUCATORS IN THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES OF UZBEKISTAN
Authors: Iofe Valerii G. ,   National Ulugbek University of Uzbekistan
Published: July 2024

The article analyzes some personal funds of the scientists, inventors and educators, kept in the National Archives of Uzbekistan. The research raises the question of the place and role of the funds of personal origin as archival historical sources. The article highlights the issues related to the funds of major scientists, technicians and educators kept in the National Archives of Uzbekistan. It also provides a brief description of a number of the funds, connected with the scientists in the field of natural and exact sciences, medicine; specialists in the field of historical and philological sciences and, in general, in social and humanitarian spheres, including historians, archaeographers and librarians. The article draws attention to some funds, for example, the funds of F.M. Mauer, E.K. Betger, or to the more studied ones, such as the fund of academician R.R. Schroeder, A.H. Babakhodzhaev, and also to a number of others (including family funds). The paper highlights, for example, the availability of the funds reflecting the creation and testing of the f irst electronic television system in Tashkent in 1928 – those funds pertaining to the creators of the so-called “telephoto” and the participants in the tests of that device – B.P. Grabovsky, K.K. Slivitsky, Aziz Niallo (A.V. Stanishevsky). The research features the presence of the personal funds of major scientists in the field of history, such as L.V. Gentschke, A.P. Savitsky, G.V. Parfenov, etc. The article aims at attracting the attention of historians to the usage of vast and interesting historical material on the history of science and technology in Uzbekistan, which is provided by the prominent scientists’ personal funds kept in the National Archives of Uzbekistan (as well as in a number of other archives of the country).
THE FIRST POST-REVOLUTIONARY YEARS IN THE NIZHNY NOVGOROD PROVINCE. AUTHORITIES, ARCHIVES AND ARCHIVISTS (1919-1924)
Authors: Pudalova Anna P. ,   National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod
Published: July 2024

The article considers the initial stage of formation and establishment of the state archival service in the Nizhny Novgorod province from the moment of creation in the region of the post of a provincial commissioner of the General Archives Department and appointment to it of Alexander Yakovlevich Sadovsky, chairman of the Nizhny Novgorod Provincial Scientific Archival Commission. Sadovsky held that position until the beginning of 1924, when the service was headed by Nikolai Semenovich Burmistrov, far from archival work, but ambitious and energetic. The first archivists had to organize their work in very difficult conditions: the lack of suitable, heated, guarded premises, which made it possible to fully work only in the warm season; frequent looting of archives caused by a deficiency and high cost of paper, often accompanied by fires; extremely low salaries and constant delays in payments, meager rations, household disorder and, as a result, “personnel defections”; the unwillingness of newly created Soviet institutions to cooperate with archives and transfer departmental archives of former institutions to state custody, and many other reasons. However, despite everything, Nizhny Novgorod archivists managed to ensure the preservation of the historical and documentary heritage of their native land and create favorable conditions for the formation and further development of the branch.
MEMOIRS AS A SOURCE ON THE HISTORY OF THE RUSSIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH IN 1918-1921
Authors: Sipeikin Alexandr V. ,   Tver State University
Published: July 2024

The article about evaluating the importance of the memoires as a source of the history of the Russian Orthodox Church in 1917–1921. Under the conditions of the Civil War, those sources that appear to be more “objective” than those of personal origin lose some of their significance. The normative documents were often a “declaration of intent” and the actual policies were often very different from what was proclaimed in the laws. The old system of office work was destroyed together with the old state apparatus, the new one was just beginning to be created, which could not but affect the quality of information reflected in official documents. In such circumstances, the information contained in sources of personal origin acquires special meaning. They give us the opportunity to see the events through the eyes of their immediate participants and witnesses, to understand their motives and feelings. Of interest are both the memoirs of archpriests, priests and laymen, and the memoirs of those who implemented anti-religious policy. The comparative analysis of various narratives in sources of personal origin and comparison of such memories with the data of archival documents allows specifying important details of the history of the Russian Orthodox Church at the beginning of the 20th century. The memoirs are an important source on the history of the repressions against believers; they also provide valuable information about the political stance of the Russian Orthodox Church.
ANALYSIS OF MODELS OF ADAPTIVE NEURO-FUZZY SYSTEMS
Authors: Titov Andrei P. ,   Russian Technological University MIREA
Published: July 2024

The article deals with the study of basic methods for models of adaptive neuro-fuzzy systems. Based on the analysis, the strengths of neural networks and fuzzy logic were found, that became powerful tools for solving complex modeling and forecasting issues. There is studying and analyzing the adaptive neural network, which is a class of neural networks that have the ability to change their structure and parameters in the process of learning and adaptation to new data and conditions and besides the article studies the Gaussian membership function, also known as the normal membership function or the Gauss-type membership function, which is a valuable tool in the f ield of fuzzy logic and fuzzy systems. The paper provides as well an analysis of the generalized Bell membership function, also known as the Bell type membership function or Bell function, which plays an important role in the field of fuzzy logic and fuzzy systems. Furthermore it analyzes the Tsukamoto model, which is one of the main models of fuzzy logic. The author opted to choose the Co-Active Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System model, which is an adaptive neuro-fuzzy system that combines neural networks and fuzzy logic for processing data with uncertainty and fuzziness. With the further implementation of the combined model based on the abovelisted models based on the STL of the C++ language, thus the neural network model is obtained, the model with versatility, that is achieved by using a combination of those models. That will facilitate its easy modification and adaptation to various tasks.
THE BRICS INTERSTATE ASSOCIATION. PAGES OF HISTORY AND MODERN TIMES. PART 1
Authors: Pivovar Efim I. ,   Russian State University for the Humanities
Published: July 2024

The article is about the formation and development of the BRICS interstate association. The author traces the history of that integration association, starting from the very first meetings of representatives of the member states and up to the present time, when BRICS is on the threshold of large-scale expansion. The paper characterizes the ever-growing economic, demographic, resource, and humanitarian potential of the BRICS, as well as the deepening and increasingly diverse integration cooperation of its members in the political sphere, in combating security threats, in economics and f inance, science and industrial development, agriculture, environmental protection, humanitarian sphere, education, youth policy, sports, tourism, and others. In reconstructing the history of the BRICS, the author refers to the Declarations of fifteen summits of the organization and a number of other fundamental documents, which enable identifying the characteristic features of the BRICS as one of the influential actors of the new world order of the 21st century, to get a comprehensive picture about shaping the field of the organization’s activity. The organization which is neither a defensive bloc nor an economic union, which does not (at least for the time being) have a developed structure of supranational governance bodies, but with its own clearly defined political, economic and humanitarian agenda
SOME ASPECTS OF SCIENTIFIC COMPREHENSION OF THE 2008 FIVE DAY WAR (ON THE EXAMPLE OF RUSSIAN AND GEORGIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY)
Authors: Privalova Tatiana S. ,   independent researche
Published: July 2024

The article analyzes the reflection of the 2008 Five Day War in Russian and Georgian historiography. The relevance of studying the event and its scientific comprehension is determined, first of all, by the geopolitical importance of the Caucasus region, which for a long time remains one of the key areas of Russia’s interests. At the same time, many issues of Georgian-Ossetian relations that resulted in the Five Day War and many aspects of the war itself remain open and debatable. The author states that some of them are being actively reconsidered, while others, on the contrary, for various reasons fall out of the researchers’ field of vision. In general, in the author’s opinion, there are no works in the scientific literature that would systematize, summarize and analyze, firstly, the whole layer of issues and contradictions of the Georgian-Ossetian crisis, and secondly – their interpretations existing in modern historiography. In particular, the role played by the Russian Federation as a mediator in the conflicts on the territory of Georgia in general and in particular in the Georgian-Ossetian confrontation remains a controversial issue in the context of the whole complex of unresolved Georgian-Ossetian contradictions. Analysis of the scientific literature on the Five Day War shows that modern historiography of the conflict is characterized by a high polarization of opinions: there are “pro-Georgian” and “pro-Russian” points of view (the South Ossetian historiography is adjacent to the latter in terms of content). The analysis of the main ideas that make up these points of view is the semantic center of this paper.
RUSSIAN-TURKISH CULTURAL COOPERATION AS AN IMPORTANT AREA OF STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP BETWEEN MOSCOW AND ANKARA IN 2000-2015
Authors: Chaikovskaya Tatiana V. ,   Lugansk State Pedagogical University Lugansk
Published: July 2024

The article deals with the development of Russian-Turkish cultural contacts in 2000–2015. The author draws attention to the fact that during the period cultural relations between Russia and Turkey, along with political and economic relations, reached the level of strategic partnership. It was manifested, in particular, in the fact that the role of the Ministries of Culture and embassies in the implementation of joint cultural projects increased, cultural issues were increasingly brought to the international level due to the participation of both countries in international organizations and global cultural projects (for example, the United Nations Alliance of Civilizations). Language policy became more active: in Russia, the issue of organizing the study of Russian language and literature in Turkey began to be raised, and the process became more systematic – various language courses at the embassy and educational institutions, created and controlled by the Embassy of the Russian Federation in the Republic of Turkey, appeared. In turn, the Republic of Turkey was able to legalize its educational institutions and cultural centers in Russia. In describing the cultural interaction between the two countries, however, the author draws attention to the fact that cultural relations depend on political relations and instability in politics often negatively affects cultural cooperation, slowing it down or even nullifying important endeavors. A clear example of it was the political crisis in Russian-Turkish relations at the end of 2015, when all cultural projects implemented and planned by the two states were curtailed and frozen in a short period of time.
Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric validation of The Continuous Traumatic Stress Response Scale: Ukrainian version
Authors: Zasiekina Larysa , Goral Aviva , Fedotova Tetiana , Akimova Anastasiya , Martyniuk Anastasiia
Published: July 2024

Adapting and validating diagnostic tools aimed to evaluate the post-traumatic effects of war in low-income countries is essential for assessing needs and planning support programs. This paper will describe the process of cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric validation of the Continuous Traumatic Stress Response (CTSR) Scale for war-affected Ukraine. The study includes Phase 1, Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Scale, and Phase 2, Psychometric validation of the Scale. Cross-cultural adaptation goes through four stages: forward translation, expert panel review and back translation (n=3), pretesting and cognitive interviewing mental health professionals (n=8), and final version. Psychometric validation includes exploratory (n=200) and confirmatory (n=219) factor analyses, internal consistency, construct validity and test-retest reliability. Findings from the current research indicate that the components identified through factor analyses differed from those in the original questionnaire. While all original items in the questionnaire were retained, they merged into two new factors: “Exhaustion and Rage” and “Fear and Betrayal”. The results show that the overall Cronbach’s Alpha is .858, indicating a high level of internal consistency. Significant correlations exist between the total CTSR Scale score, the subscale scores, PTSD  (PCL-5), moral injury (MISS-C-SF), depression (PHQ-9), and anxiety (GAD-7) symptoms, indicating construct validity. The findings demonstrate the test-retest reliability of the CTSR Scale and have practical implications for how it could be implemented in trauma-informed care.
Disclosure Statement
The authors reported no potential conflicts of interest.
* Corresponding author: Larysa Zasiekina,
0000-0001-8456-0774zasyekina.larisa@vnu.edu.ua
Heat flow in the Colombian Caribbean from the bottom simulating reflector (BSR)
Authors: López Caroll , Ojeda German Y.
Published: July 2024

Geothermal heat flow in gas hydrate zones can be determined theoretically from the Bottom-Simulating Reflector. A Bottom-Simulating Reflector (BSR) has been observed in multichannel seismic data from the Caribbean offshore Colombia. This anomalous reflector, known to correspond with the base of the Gas Hydrate Stability Zone (GHSZ), can be used to estimate a range of possible values for the local heat flow using the stability field of gas hydrates and the thermal conductivity of the sediments. The study area extends from northern Guajira in the north to the Gulf of Uraba in the south, covering some 18 000 km2. The heat flow was found to be 27,6 ± 4 mW/m2 off the coast of Barranquilla, 37,9 ± 3,6 mW/m2 for northern Guajira, 33,2 ± 5,5 mW/m2 for the central Guajira and 34,7 ± 9,4 mW/m2 for the Cartagena –Gulf of Uraba offshore areas. These results are comparable to heat flow estimates of 30 and 42 mW/m2 obtained for the south Caribbean by others using alternate methods. The estimated heat flow is relatively low in relation to other continental margins. The continuous and fast sedimentation rate from the Magdalena River may explain the anomalously low heat flow in the river delta area. The Cartagena-Gulf of Uraba zone evidences the presence of advection heat loss in the accretionary wedge of the South Caribbean deformation front.
تقاطع الشعري والصوفي في ديوان همس الجفون لميخائيل نعيمة
Authors: الوكيلي الحسين
Published: July 2024

تسعى الدراسة إلى بيان مظاهر التقاطع بين الشعري والصوفي في ديوان همس الجفون لميخائيل نعيمة؛ باعتبار أن الشاعر أسس لتجربة فريدة منبعها الوعي الروحي الذي يوصل إلى الحقيقة المختبئة وراء الظواهر، ولعلّ هذا هو السر الذي جعلنا نبحث عن مظاهر التقاطع بين الشعري والصوفي، إذ كلاهما يهدفان للنفاذ إلى الباطن، ويسعيان إلى إذكاء المشاعر وإرهافها، وجعلها قادرة على الحب والإحساس والتفاعل مع الوجود وأشيائه. لأجل ذلك تأسست هذه الدراسة على تصور مركزي يتمثل في أن الحرية الروحية اختيار لجأ إليه ميخائيل نعيمة من أجل التأسيس لفلسفة شعرية تتجاوز الجمالي والفني وصولًا إلى القيمي والروحي، حتى صار شعره مرهونًا برؤية باطنية تحقق الوحدة العضوية داخل قصائد الديوان، وتؤسس لمفهوم الجمال الروحي الذي يستمد مقوماته من الخيال الخلاق. لتخلص الدراسة إلا أن الشعري والصوفي مظهران من مظاهر الوعي الروحي عند ميخائيل نعيمة.
Development of the Islamic Religious Education Curriculum at PTU as Strengthening Multicultural Islam
Authors: Febriyarni Busra , Asha Lukman , Fakhruddin Fakhruddin
Published: July 2024

One of the courses in educational institutions in higher education, which is very related with the development of morals and behavior is Religious Education. Islamic Religious Education (PAI) at Public Higher Education (PTU) is a continuation of the teaching received by students starting from the Elementary Level, Junior and Senior High Schools. In the structure of the national higher education curriculum, Islamic religious education courses are compulsory subjects for all Muslim students in all public tertiary institutions, both public and private universities. The progress of an educational institution, one of which is determined by the teaching materials or curriculum applied, whether it is in accordance with the needs of stakeholders. Indonesia is a multicultural country, so the design of teaching materials or curriculum must be developed according to the demands of the times, times and circumstances. Therefore, the authors state that there are 4 reasons why this paper is important to study: First, the lack of knowledge of Islam among PTU students and public schools; second, the rise of brawls between students (students); third, lack of appreciation among students and students in the field of religion; and fourth, the decreased empathy and religiosity of students and students.