bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Славянски съответствия на английския термин sustainability
Authors: Генев-Пухалева [Genew-Puhalewa] Илияна [Iliana]
Published: January 2019

Slavic equivalents to the English term sustainabilityThe paper examines the issue of how the term sustainable development (sustainability), coined exactly 30 years ago by the United Nations World Commission on Environment and Development, has been reproduced in the Slavic languages. The history of the primary English term’s first use as well as its source have been discussed, with special consideration given to the fact that both English and Slavic terms expressing the concept of sustainability have native components. Using a semasiological approach to the studied terminological units, the author analyzes their outer and inner form of the terms in relation to their meaning (definition). The study emphasizes the semantic progression within the various Slavic words used as terms expressing the contemporary idea of sustainable development. This semantic evolution is observable, among other things, in the component of positive evaluation inherent in the terms’ meanings and definitions. Słowiańskie odpowiedniki terminu sustainabilityArtykuł porusza kwestię sposobów oddawania w językach słowiańskich terminu sustainable development (‘zrównoważony rozwój’), ukutego 30 lat temu przez Światową Komisję ds. Środowiska i Rozwoju Organizacji Narodów Zjednoczonych. Omówiono historię powstania angielskiego terminu i jego źródło, zwracając uwagę szczególnie na to, że zarówno angielski termin sustainability, jak i jego słowiańskie odpowiedniki wywodzą się z rodzimych elementów. Stosując semazjologiczne podejście do badanych jednostek terminologicznych, autorka analizuje ich zewnętrzną i wewnętrzną formę w odniesieniu do ich znaczenia (definicji). W wynikach analizy na pierwszy plan wysuwa się progresja semantyczna ogólnosłowiańskich wyrazów użytych jako terminy na określenie współczesnej idei zrównoważonego rozwoju. Tę semantyczną ewolucję można zaobserwować m.in. w pozytywnym wartościowaniu, które stanowi wewnętrzny komponent znaczenia i definicji terminów.
Восприятие мира поляками и русскими в свете показаний ядра языкового сознания (на материале ассоциативных словарей)
Authors: Родзевич [Rodziewicz] Барбара [Barbara]
Published: January 2019

Perception of the world by Poles and Russians as demonstrated by indications of the core of language consciousness (on the material of associative dictionaries)The paper addresses from a psycholinguistic perspective the issue of the linguistic picture of the world of Poles and Russians. The author performs an analysis of the reversed Polish and Russian associative dictionaries that form the so-called cores of language consciousness. Postrzeganie świata wśród Polaków i Rosjan w świetle wskazań jądra świadomości językowej (na materiale słowników asocjacyjnych)W artykule badana jest z perspektywy psycholingwistycznej kwestia językowego obrazu świata Polaków i Rosjan. Autorka dokonuje analizy odwróconych słowników asocjacyjnych języków polskiego i rosyjskiego, stanowiących tak zwane jądra świadomości językowej.
O odpowiednikach gr. ὁ ναόϛ, ἡ ἐκκλησία, τό ἁγίασμα, τό ἁγιαστήριον, ἡ ἁγιωσύνη w psałterzowych redakcjach cerkiewnosłowiańskich
Authors: Szulc Arleta
Published: January 2019

On the equivalents of the Greek ὁ ναόϛ, ἡ ἐκκλησία, τό ἁγίασμα, τό ἁγιαστήριον and ἡ ἁγιωσύνη in CS Psalter redactionsThe paper refers to the lexical variety of translations reflected in CS redactions of the Book of Psalms. It is focused on semantic and quantitative analysis of the use of Slavonic equivalents of the Greek ὁ ναόϛ, ἡ ἐκκλησία, τό ἁγίασμα, τό ἁγιαστήριον and ἡ ἁγιωσύνη (i.e., of vocabulary with the denotations: ‘sanctuary, temple, place of living/habitation of God’ and also ‘community of the faithful with the Lord, Church’) in selected representative CS redactions of the Book of Psalms: archaic, mixed (archaic and Russian), Russian (or East-Bulgarian), Norov, Athonite and Cyprian. The paper shows resemblances as well as differences among the confronted Psalters in the choice of the words considered and gives explanation of the uses observed. O odpowiednikach gr. ὁ ναόϛ, ἡ ἐκκλησία, τό ἁγίασμα, τό ἁγιαστήριον, ἡ ἁγιωσύνη w psałterzowych redakcjach cerkiewnosłowiańskichArtykuł dotyczy leksykalnej wariantywności przekładów zawartych w cs. redakcjach Księgi Psalmów. Koncentruje się na semantycznej i ilościowej analizie użyć słowiańskich odpowiedników gr. ὁ ναόϛ, ἡ ἐκκλησία, τό ἁγίασμα, τό ἁγιαστήριον, ἡ ἁγιωσύνη (tj. słownictwa z zakresu oznaczeń ‘świętego przybytku, budynku świątynnego, miejsca zamieszkania/przebywania Boga’, a także ‘zgromadzenia wiernych z Panem, Kościoła’) w wybranych reprezentantach cs. redakcji psałterzowych: archaicznej, mieszanej (archaiczno-ruskiej), ruskiej (albo wschodniobułgarskiej), norowskiej, atońskiej i cyprianowskiej. Eksponuje zarówno podobieństwa, jak i różnice w doborze rozpatrywanych leksemów w porównywanych psałterzach oraz podaje interpretację zaobserwowanych użyć.
Środki obrazowania wydarzeń rewolucji godności na Ukrainie (na podstawie publikacji "Мистецький Барбакан: Трикутник 92: Антологія")
Authors: Romaniuk Svitlana , Jakubowska-Krawczyk Katarzyna
Published: January 2019

Imaging the events of the Ukrainian Revolution of Dignity (based on the anthology Mystets’kyĭ Barbakan: Trykutnyk 92: Antolohiia)The source of the analysed material is the anthology Mystets’kyĭ Barbakan, only 300 copies of which have been printed. It is a collection of works of literature, journalism, and art from the period of the Ukrainian Revolution of Dignity (the so-called Maĭdan) of 2013–2014. We focus on the works of art containing both words and images and we combine approaches from language and cultural studies: the imaging devices used in these selected works have been analyzed using the tools of poetics of literature and media, as well as linguistic methodology. Środki obrazowania wydarzeń rewolucji godności na Ukrainie (na podstawie publikacji Мистецький Барбакан: Трикутник 92: Антологія)Źródłem materiału do badania jest antologia Mystećkyj Barbakan, która ukazała się nakładem zaledwie 300 egz. Jest zbiorem tekstów literackich i publicystycznych, a także dzieł artystycznych z okresu rewolucji godności (tzw. Majdanu) na Ukrainie w latach 2013–2014. Analiza wybranych utworów artystycznych zawierających dwa składniki – słowo i obraz – została dokonana w oparciu o podejście lingwistyczno-kulturoznawcze: sposób obrazowania w wybranych pracach przeanalizowany został za pomocą narzędzi poetyki literatury i mediów, a także metodologii badań językoznawczych.
Rec.: Maciej Rak, Kazimierz Sikora (red.), "Słowiańska frazeologia gwarowa", Księgarnia Akademicka, Kraków 2016, 277 ss.
Authors: Głuszkowski Michał
Published: January 2019

Review: Maciej Rak, Kazimierz Sikora (eds.), Słowiańska frazeologia gwarowa, Księgarnia Akademicka, Kraków 2016, 277 pp.The article is a review of a collective volume devoted to various aspects of Slavic dialectal phraseology and paremiology. The work, edited by M. Rak and K. Sikora, contains both general theoretical studies and results of more detailed research. Rec.: Maciej Rak, Kazimierz Sikora (red.), Słowiańska frazeologia gwarowa, Księgarnia Akademicka, Kraków 2016, 277 ss.Artykuł stanowi recenzję pracy zbiorowej poruszającej różnorodne aspekty słowiańskiej frazeologii i paremiologii gwarowej. Praca pod redakcją M. Raka i K. Sikory zawiera zarówno ogólne rozważania teoretyczne, jak i wyniki bardziej szczegółowych badań.
Rec.: Ľubor Králik, "Stručný etymologický slovník slovenčiny", VEDA, vydavateľstvo SAV – Jazykovedný ústav Ľudovíta Štúra SAV, Bratislava 2015, 700 ss.
Authors: Jakubowicz Mariola
Published: January 2019

Review: Ľubor Králik, Stručný etymologický slovník slovenčiny, VEDA, vydavateľstvo SAV – Jazykovedný ústav Ľudovíta Štúra SAV, Bratislava 2015, 700 pp.The article is a review of Ľubor Králik’s etymological dictionary, the first one of this kind devoted entirely to the Slovak language. Rec.: Ľubor Králik, Stručný etymologický slovník slovenčiny, VEDA, vydavateľstvo SAV – Jazykovedný ústav Ľudovíta Štúra SAV, Bratislava 2015, 700 ss.Artykuł stanowi recenzję słownika etymologicznego autorstwa Ľubora Králika, pierwszej tego typu publikacji poświęconej w całości językowi słowackiemu.
Rec.: Jana Marková, "Religiöse Konzepte im tschechischen nationalen Diskurs (1860–1885)", Georg Olms Verlag, Hildesheim – Zürich – New York 2016, 371 ss.
Authors: Pawlas Szymon
Published: January 2019

Review: Jana Marková, Religiöse Konzepte im tschechischen nationalen Diskurs (1860–1885), Georg Olms Verlag, Hildesheim – Zürich – New York 2016, 371 pp.The article reviews a book, which analyzes a portion of Czech national discourse of the second half of the 19th century, looking into the vocabulary it used to express concepts characteristic of the discourse of religion. The research material is constituted by the Czech texts from the period, concerning mostly two events of great importance to the Czech national movement. One of the events was the 1868 laying of the foundation stone for the National Theatre in Prague; the other – the 1873 centennial of the lexicographer, writer and linguist Josef Jungmann. Rec.: Jana Marková, Religiöse Konzepte im tschechischen nationalen Diskurs (1860–1885), Georg Olms Verlag, Hildesheim – Zürich – New York 2016, 371 ss.Artykuł stanowi recenzję książki, w której przedstawiono analizę tekstów będących częścią czeskiego dyskursu narodowego drugiej połowy XIX wieku pod kątem zawartego w nim słownictwa, które wyraża pojęcia charakterystyczne dla dyskursu religijnego. Materiału badawczego dostarczają pochodzące z epoki czeskojęzyczne teksty, które dotyczą głównie dwóch wydarzeń o doniosłym znaczeniu dla czeskiego ruchu narodowego. Pierwszym z nich jest uroczyście obchodzona ceremonia położenia w 1868 roku kamienia węgielnego pod budowę gmachu Teatru Narodowego w Pradze, drugim – przypadający w 1873 roku jubileusz stulecia urodzin leksykografa, pisarza i językoznawcy Josefa Jungmanna.
"Wortbildung und Internet / Словообразование и интернет / Tvorba riječi i internet" (Institut für Slawistik der Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, 22–25.03.2016). XVII Międzynarodowa Konferencja Naukowa Komisji Słowotwórczej przy Międzynarodowym Komitecie Slawistów
Authors: Rudnik-Karwatowa Zofia , Karpiłowśka Jewhenija
Published: January 2019

Wortbildung und Internet / Словообразование и интернет / Tvorba riječi i internet [Word-Formation and the Internet] (Institut für Slawistik der Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, 22–25.03.2016). 17th International Conference of the Word-Formation Commission of the International Committee of SlavistsThe article is a report of the 17th International Conference held on March 22–25, 2016, at the Institute of Slavic Studies, University of Graz, by the Word-Formation Commission of the International Committee of Slavists. The subject matter of the conference – Word-Formation and the Internet – proved apt due to its topicality. The authors describe each presentation delivered during this academic event. Wortbildung und Internet / Словообразование и интернет / Tvorba riječi i internet (Institut für Slawistik der Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, 22–25.03.2016). XVII Międzynarodowa Konferencja Naukowa Komisji Słowotwórczej przy Międzynarodowym Komitecie SlawistówArtykuł stanowi sprawozdanie z XVII Międzynarodowej Konferencji Naukowej zorganizowanej w dniach 22–25 marca 2016 roku w Instytucie Slawistyki Uniwersytetu w Grazu przez Komisję Słowotwórczą przy Międzynarodowym Komitecie Slawistów. Tematyka konferencji Słowotwórstwo i internet okazała się bardzo trafna ze względu na jej aktualność. Autorki omawiają poszczególne referaty uczestników tego wydarzenia naukowego.
Long‐term Results for Maxillomandibular Advancement to Treat Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Meta‐analysis
Authors: Camacho Macario , Noller Michael W. , Del Do Michael , Wei Justin M. , Gouveia Christopher J. , Zaghi Soroush , Boyd Scott B. , Guilleminault Christian
Published: January 2019

Objective

To examine outcomes in the intermediate term (1 to <4 years), long term (4 to <8 years), and very long term (≥8 years) for maxillomandibular advancement (MMA) as treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Data Sources

The Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health, and PubMed/MEDLINE.

Review Methods

Three authors systematically reviewed the international literature through July 26, 2018.

Results

A total of 445 studies were screened, and 6 met criteria (120 patients). Thirty‐one patients showed a reduction in apnea‐hypopnea index (AHI) from a mean 48.3 events/h (95% CI, 42.1‐54.5) pre‐MMA to 8.4 (95% CI 5.6, 11.2) in the intermediate term. Fifty‐four patients showed a reduction in AHI from a mean 65.8 events/h (95% CI, 58.8‐72.8) pre‐MMA to 7.7 (95% CI 5.9, 9.5) in the long term. Thirty‐five showed a reduction in AHI from a mean 53.2 events/h (95% CI 45, 61.4) pre‐MMA to 23.1 (95% CI 16.3, 29.9) in the very long term. Improvement in sleepiness was maintained at all follow‐up periods. Lowest oxygen saturation improvement was maintained in the long term.

Conclusion

The current international literature shows that patients with OSA who were treated with MMA maintained improvements in AHI, sleepiness, and lowest oxygen saturation in the long term; however, the mean AHI increased to moderate OSA in the very long term. Definitive generalizations cannot be made, and additional research providing individual patient data for the intermediate term, long term, and very long term is needed.
Mandibular Invasion by Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Clinicopathologic Features of 74 Cases
Authors: Ahmad Jumah G. , Namin Arya W. , Jorgensen Jeffrey B. , Zitsch Robert P. , Layfield Lester J.
Published: January 2019

Objectives

(1) For patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and mandibular invasion, to determine whether prior radiation to the head and neck region (PXRTHN) affects the density of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, or fibroblasts along the tumor interface invading the mandible and whether this is significantly associated with overall survival. (2) To identify clinicopathologic features that are associated with overall survival.

Study Design

Case series with chart review.

Setting

University of Missouri hospital.

Subjects and Methods

Retrospective review of 74 cases with pathologically confirmed mandible invasion by OSCC and surgical treatment between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2015. A board‐certified anatomic pathologist reviewed the slides from all mandibulectomy cases.

Results

The mean density of osteoclasts was 2.0 per linear mm among the patients with PXRTHN and 7.1 among those without PXRTHN (P <. 001). Positive soft tissue frozen section margin was significantly associated with overall survival on univariate analysis (P <. 001; hazard ratio [HR], 0.34; 95% CI, 0.19‐0.62) and multivariate analysis (P =. 026; HR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.19‐0.90). Maximum tumor dimension was significantly associated with overall survival on univariate analysis (P =. 021; HR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.03‐1.38) and multivariate analysis (P =. 002; HR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.16‐1.93). Osteoclast, osteoblast, and fibroblast density were not associated with overall survival.

Conclusions

(1) Osteoclast density along the tumor front is significantly lower among patients with PXRTHN. Stromal cell density was not associated with overall survival. (2) Positive soft tissue frozen section margin and maximum tumor dimension are significantly associated with overall survival among patients with mandibular invasion by OSCC.
Clinical Implications of Incidental Sinonasal Positive FDG Uptake on PET‐CT
Authors: Tzelnick Sharon , Bernstine Hanna , Domachevsky Liran , Soudry Ethan
Published: January 2019

Objectives

Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography–computed tomography (FDG PET‐CT) has been increasingly used in the past decade. Incidental FDG‐avid findings are encountered in these studies, several of which with clinical significance. However, the significance of incidental FDG‐avid sinonasal findings has not been studied to date.

Study Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Setting

A single tertiary medical center.

Materials and Methods

The medical records were reviewed of patients with incidental sinonasal positive FDG uptake between 2007 and 2016 who referred for further otolaryngological diagnostic workup.

Results

A total of 26 patients were identified, all of whom underwent a diagnostic surgical procedure. Histopathology revealed chronic inflammation (n = 12, 46.1%), malignancy (n = 7, 26.9%), inverted papilloma (n = 4, 15.5%), and fungal infections (n = 3, 11.5%). A unilateral maxillary sinus with FDG uptake was documented for 16 (61.5%) patients. CT evidence of bilateral disease and mucosal or sinus wall thickening correlated with inflammatory disease.

Conclusions

Incidental lesions with positive FDG uptake in the sinonasal cavities are at a high risk (40%) of being neoplastic. A diagnostic biopsy is advocated in these cases.
Survival Outcomes in T4aN0M0 Mandibular Gingival Squamous Cell Carcinoma Treated with Surgery Alone
Authors: Nassiri Ashley M. , Campbell Benjamin R. , Mannion Kyle , Sinard Robert J. , Netterville James L. , Rohde Sarah L.
Published: January 2019

Objectives

To measure disease‐free, disease‐specific, and overall survival among patients with T4aN0M0 mandibular gingival squamous cell carcinoma who were treated with surgery alone.

Study Design

Case series with chart review.

Setting

Tertiary care center.

Subjects and Methods

A retrospective chart review was performed of all adult patients treated surgically with an oral cavity composite resection between January 2005 and March 2017. Among other data, patient preoperative characteristics were recorded (eg, age, sex, smoking history, alcohol use, and clinical stage); operative notes were reviewed to determine tumor subsite involvement, reconstruction method, and intraoperative surgical complications; and pathology reports were evaluated for various pathologic findings. Survival outcomes were determined with Kaplan‐Meier analysis.

Results

The mean follow‐up was 18.5 months (range, 0.1‐100). The 1‐ and 5‐year disease‐free survival rates were 90.5% and 84.5%, respectively, while the 1‐ and 5‐year disease‐specific survival rates were 87.8% and 81.9%. The 1‐ and 5‐year overall survival rates were 86.4% and 80.6%.

Conclusions

Patients with T4aN0M0 squamous cell carcinoma of the mandibular gingiva treated with surgery alone have a 5‐year overall survival of 80.6%. Treatment with surgery alone obviates morbidities associated with adjuvant therapy while upholding survival outcomes.
Conscious Sedation for Pediatric Peritonsillar Abscess: Comparison of Anesthetic Approaches
Authors: Graham M. Elise , Neal Abigail K. , Newberry Ian C. , Firpo Matthew A. , Park Albert H.
Published: January 2019

Objective

To compare the efficacy, safety, and cost of incision and drainage (I&D) for pediatric patients with peritonsillar abscesses (PTAs) under conscious sedation (CS) versus unsedated (awake) and general anesthesia (GA).

Study Design

Case series with chart review.

Setting

Tertiary pediatric hospital.

Subjects and Methods

Records for all pediatric patients (<18 years) treated for PTAs in the emergency department from 2005 to 2015 were reviewed and stratified into awake, CS, and GA groups for comparison. The primary outcome measure was procedure tolerance, with secondary measures including return to the emergency department within 15 days, complications, and facility costs associated with treatment.

Results

A total of 188 patients were identified. The median age was 14 years (interquartile range, 9‐16). Awake drainage with injected local anesthetic was used in 115 children; 62 underwent CS; and 11 underwent GA. Over 92% of the children tolerated I&D regardless of anesthesia, with no difference among groups (P =. 60). None of those who underwent I&D via CS returned to the emergency department within 15 days of the procedure, as compared with 5.2% for the awake group and 9.1% for the GA group (P =. 06). None in the GA or awake group had a complication associated with the procedure, as opposed to 9.6% in the CS group (P =. 02). Complications included apnea and dental trauma (2 children each) and transient hypotension and desaturation (1 each). Cost was highest in the GA group and lowest for the awake group (P <. 0001).

Conclusion

CS for PTA I&D is a viable treatment option with tolerance and success similar to that of the awake and GA groups. Complications were observed for those who underwent CS, but they were manageable.
Application of Novel Recovery Techniques to Enhance the Resilience of Transportation Networks
Authors: Zhang Ning , Alipour Alice , Coronel Laura
Published: January 2019

Resilience is an important characteristic of the transportation system. It reflects the network’s ability to mitigate shocks, provide alternatives, and rapidly recover to a target performance level. Earthquakes can cause the transportation network to experience severe disruptions that significantly reduce network resilience. To prevent long-term closures after earthquakes, the development of innovative approaches for their rapid restoration is necessary. This paper uses the recent developments in accelerated bridge construction (ABC) techniques as a means to enhance the rapid recovery of the system. ABC techniques often come with increased initial construction costs. In most cases, the additional cost is offset by the improvement of the network performance. To examine the efficiency of ABC techniques on the rapid recovery and on the network performance after earthquakes, the direct and indirect costs during the entire recovery period were analyzed and the relationship between network recovery time and network performance was estimated under different construction techniques. Additionally, the effect of using the incentive method to reduce the repair time was studied. The results show that the use of ABC techniques and the incentive method have great potential to minimize the transportation network’s indirect losses, improve network performance, increase the network’s resilience by decreasing recovery time, and justify the additional initial costs associated with these techniques.
Study on correlation between property of coronary artery lesion and degree of coronary artery stenosis of elderly patients with coronary heart disease
Authors: Chao Wang , Tian Xiang , Xia Wei , Liu Qianmei
Published: January 2019

Objective: To discuss the influence of coronary artery lesion of elderly patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) on left ventricular remodeling.

Methods: Retrospective selection method was used to choose 80 elderly CHD patients who received coronary angiogram examination in Baoding First Central Hospital from January 2014 to February 2018 as the objects of study. According to coronary artery lesion, the patients were classified into single vessel lesion group (single vessel group) and multi-vessel lesion group (multi-vessel group, the number of lesion vessels ≥2). Single vessel group included 60 patients, and multi-vessel group includes 20 patients. Intravascular unltrasound was applied to record coronary plaque property of all patients and transthoracic echocardiography was used to record left ventricular remodeling. Later correlation analysis was carried out.

Results: The proportion of calcified plaque and mixed plaque was higher than that of single vessel group, and the differences had statistical significance (P<0.05). Left ventricular end diastolic volume (LVEDV) and left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV) of multi-vessel group were higher than that of single vessel group, while left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was lower than that of single vessel group. The differences had statistical significance (P<0.05). Linear correlation analysis showed coronary artery lesion was positively correlated with LVEF and calcified plaque (r=0.287, 0.371, P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed LVEF, calcified plaque and LDL-C were independent risk factors of multi-vessel coronary artery lesion of old CHD patients (P<0.05).

Conclusion: The number of coronary artery lesions is significantly correlated with left ventricular remodeling, and can increase the proportion of calcified plaque and mixed plaque, thus leading to left ventricular remodeling abnormity.

How to cite this:Wang C, Tian X, Xia W, Liu Q. Study on correlation between property of coronary artery lesion and degree of coronary artery stenosis of elderly patients with coronary heart disease. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(1):236-240. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.1.225

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
A Dual Isotope Protocol to Separate the Contributions to Phosphorus Content of Maize Shoots and Soil Phosphorus Fractions from Biosolids, Fertilizer and Soil
Authors: DAVIS JEAN , J FLAVEL RICHARD , BLAIR GRAEME
Published: January 2019

Separation of the phosphorus (P) contributions from soil, fertilizer and biosolids to plants has not been possible without the aid of radioisotopes. Dual labelling of soil with 32P and fertilizer with 33P isotopes has been used to partition the sources of P in maize (Zea mays) shoots and in soil P pools. Biosolids containing 4.1% P that had been prepared using Fe and Al were applied to a Kurosol soil from Goulburn, NSW, Australia. The biosolids were applied at five rates up to 60 dry t/ha with and without P fertilizer. Phosphorus derived from fertilizer was determined directly with33 P and that from soil by32 P reverse dilution. Phosphorus derived from biosolids was estimated as the difference between total P and that derived from the soil plus fertilizer calculated from isotope data. Yield and P content of maize shoots increased linearly with the rate of biosolidsapplication. The proportion of P in the plant derived from biosolids also increased with application rate up to 88% for the soil receiving biosolids at 60 dry t/ha with no fertilizer. The corresponding value with fertilizer applied at 80 kg P/ha was 69%. The proportion of P in the maize shoots derived from soil and fertilizer decreased as biosolids application rate increased. Soil total P, bicarbonate extractable P, Al-P, Fe-P and Ca-P increased with biosolids application rate. The increase in plant P uptake and in bicarbonate extractable P in the soil shows that biosolids P provides a readily available source of P. A decrease in uptake of fertilizer and soil P with increasing biosolids application is attributed to the decrease in the proportion of P from these sources in the total pool of available P, rather than to immobilization of P by Fe and Al in the biosolids.
In Vitro Antimicrobial effects of Extracts from Leaves of Medicinal Herbs and Native Brazilian Plants
Authors: Ponzilacqua Bárbara , Hwa In Lee Sarah , Luíz Zani João , Eliana Rosim Roice , Humberto Corassin Carlos , Augusto Fernandes Oliveira Carlos
Published: January 2019

The objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of crude and lyophilized extracts of leaves from sweet passion fruit (Passiflora alata), araçá (Psidium cattleianum), rosemary (Rosamrinus officinalis) and oregano (Origanum vulgare) on planktonic cells of Staphylococcus aureus and Aspergillus parasiticus. Sweet passion fruit showed no inhibitory effect against the micro-organisms tested. However, crude and lyophilized extracts from Araçá had the highest (P < 0.05) antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 0.39 and 0.35 mg/ml, respectively. MIC values against S. aureus for lyophilized extracts from rosemary and crude extracts from oregano were 0.57 and 0.65 mg/ml, respectively. None of the extracts demonstrated effective results against A. parasiticus, although araçá and oregano extracts had the lowest (P < 0.05) MIC values when compared with the other extracts. This preliminary screening study indicated that araçá, rosemary and oregano are interesting alternatives as antimicrobial agents in food substrates, although further studies are needed to develop commercial formulations based on field trials.
Heavy Metal Detection in Scorpaena Porcus Linnaeus, 1758 from Sinop Coast of the Black Sea and Potential Risks to Human Health
Authors: Bat Levent , Öztekin Ayşah , Şahin Fatih
Published: January 2019

The current research was performed to detect the heavy metal amounts (Hg, As, Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn) in one of the most common fish species (Scorpaena porcus Linnaeus, 1758) captured from the south shores of the Black Sea during the fishing season in 2016. Heavy metals were examined by using ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrophotometer). The amounts of the metals (Hg, Pb and Cd) in some specimen were under the detection limits. The maximum levels of all measured metals are as low the recommended limit by the admitted organizations. It was shown that the measured metal amounts in edible tissue of the S. porcus were under the well-being levels for people consumption for the average Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) and Hazarded Index (HI˂1).
A Note on the Flowering of Ajuga orientalis L. in Relation to Air Temperature in Mount Aenos (Cephalonia, Greece)
Authors: Matsoukis Aristidis , Kamoutsis Athanasios , Chronopoulou-Sereli Aikaterini
Published: January 2019

Ajuga orientalis L. is a widespread plant species in many countries, such as Greece, Italy and Turkey, with promising aesthetic value in the field and in landscape design, but nothing is known about its phenology, from a detailed, quantitatively, point of view, in relation to meteorological variables. Thus, under the aforementioned context, the purpose of our work is the elucidation of part of the phenology of this plant, especially concerning its flowering. To achieve this, the phenological stage ‘Beginning of flowering’, in terms of its start dates (julian days), was investigated in relation to average air temperature (T) of March in two areas, Roudi and Kaboulieri at north-northwest and south-southeast slopes, respectively, of Mount Aenos, Cephalonia, Greece, for three successive years (2014-2016). From the analysis of the T of March, it was confirmed that Kaboulieri area was significantly warmer (P<0.05) than Roudi area by 0.8 oC both in 2014 and 2015, with a significantly earlier appearance (P<0.05) of ‘Beginning of flowering’ of A. orientalis in Kaboulieri, ranging from 9.1 (2015) to 10.9 (2014) julian days. The findings of our study could be used for the planning of an efficient preservation program process of the aforementioned plant species in a vulnerable mountainous environment, such as the Mount Aenos environment, as well as for its further exploitation as a decorative plant.
Genetic variability study in Bread Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) under Temperate Conditions
Authors: H. Wani Shabir , Sheikh F. A. , Najeeb S. , Sofi Mehraj-u-din , Iqbal Asif M. , Kordrostami Mojtaba , Parray G. A. , Jeberson M. Samuel
Published: January 2019

Wheat is one of the most important crop among the prime cereals at the global level. In the present investigation, twenty-four bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes were evaluated to estimate the extent of genetic diversity. Analysis of variance revealed that genotypes possess significant genetic variability among all traits at p < 00.1. It was also observed that HPW 447 had recorded the highest value of 35.16 (q/ha) whereas, HPW446 exhibited the lowest value (23.78 q/ha) for the yield. A significant positive correlation was observed among yield and biological yield traits. On contrary, yield and days to maturity revealed a negative correlation. Days to heading revealed a significant positive correlation with plant height (0.40) and a negative correlation with biological yield (-0.45), respectively. Diversity analysis classified the evaluated wheat genotypes into four (4) distinct groups based on an index of similarity and dissimilarity of attributing traits. Group I and II have one genotype each viz., HS637 and HPW447, respectively whereas in third group 6 genotypes including HPW441, HPW444, HPW446, VL2030, HS634, and VL2025 are clustered together. The fourth group had two sub-groups. The first sub-group had five (5) genotypes and the second sub-group had eight (8) genotypes. The first three principal components based on the Euclidean similarity matrix explained 45.13, 17.85 and 14.71 percent of the total variation, respectively. It is concluded that these wheat genotypes (HS631, HPW 442, HPW 447, VL 2027 and VL2028) possess significant genetic variability and requisite potential for use in breeding as candidate wheat genotypes under temperate conditions. It is further suggested that by multivariate methods diverse parents can be identified with a scope in generating transgressive segregants for prospective breeding strategies in the improvement of the wheat crop.
Analyzing Spatial Pattern of Weather Induced Yield Variability in Indian Mustard for Formation of Homogeneous Zones in North Western Himalaya and Indo-Gangetic Plains of India
Authors: Rawat Shraddha , Singh R.K. , Nain A.S.
Published: January 2019

Yield prediction plays an important role to decide the economy of farmer as well as the country. It avoids the under and over cropping of the particular crop. The production of not only mustard crop but all the agricultural crops is mainly affected by the weather variables. The changing weather condition affects the growth and development of crop causing intra seasonal yield variability. In addition, with weather variations, the spatial variability and crop management practices also plays a decisive role. As a result, yield forecasting represents an important tool for optimizing crop yield and to evaluate the crop-area insurance contracts. Considering yield variability and importance of rapeseed-mustard for farmers an attempt has been made to develop a homogeneous zone in respect to inter annual weather induced variability with help of this large region yield prediction could be done easily. For this study the 33 districts of erstwhile Uttar Pradesh has been selected and rapeseed-mustard data have been collected for the year 1997-2016. In this study a three steps approach has been adopted;1) the prediction of trend yield, 2) estimation of yield deviation and cluster formation and 3) mapping of the clusters in GIS and creation of homogeneous zones. Then these homogeneous zones created on basis of weather induced variability were used for yield forecasting of mustard in this region.
The Finite Element Method Applied to Agricultural Engineering: A Review
Authors: Silveira Velloso Nara , Luis Gonçalves Costa André , Rodrigues Magalhães Ricardo , Lúcio Santos Fábio , Tavares de Andrade Ednilton
Published: January 2019

The use of numerical simulations has been widespread in many engineering fields and related areas. One of the main numerical methods used in modeling and simulations is the finite element method (FEM). Despite its wide dissemination, especially in mechanical and civil engineering, FEM has high potential to be applied in other areas, such as in agricultural engineering. This paper aims to present a review of the FEM applications in three agricultural engineering areas. This research is focused on agricultural mechanization, agricultural product processing and soil mechanics, since these are agricultural engineering areas with highest number of publications using FEM. As result, it is expected greater FEM dissemination in other agricultural engineering areas. In addition, modeling and simulation techniques can be widely used in order to represent the increasing behavior of agricultural machinery and products from real physical systems.
Impacts of Aluminum on Growth and Biochemical Process of Wheat Plants Under Boron Treatments
Authors: Tammam Amel A. , Khalil Samir M. , E. Hafez Elsayed , M. Elnagar Atyat
Published: January 2019

The objective of the current study was to find out the effect of aluminum on the seedlings pre-treated by two levels of boron concentrations 4μM or 32μM grown in hydroponic solution of Al from 100-500μMAl for 3 days. Data revealed that Al had a negative effect on fresh, dry weight, water content, carbohydrate, protein and amino acids including proline constituents and changes in protein profile were analyzed of fourteen day-old Al-tolerant (‘Sakha 93’) cultivar of Triticum aestivum. The effect of boron treatment was pronounced at 32μM B level. Pretreatment of 4µM B and exposure to 500 µM Al revealed that insoluble protein increased soluble, total protein and total soluble sugars decreased in comparison to Al treatment only. Levels of amino acids most notably proline, the glutathione forming amino acids cysteine, glycine and glutamic and the branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) leucine, isoleucine and valine were increased under Al stress. The obtained results showed the high resistance of ‘Sakha 93’ cultivar to aluminum stress. Aluminum detoxification coincides with increased TSS, TP, Pro, BCAAs contents and polypeptides in the root to cope with alleviation of Al-stress; boron may have a role in this concern.
Conservation and Utilization of Wild Relatives of Important Spices and Plantation Crops in Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India- An Overview
Authors: Arun Waman Ajit , Bohra Pooja , Mane Santosh
Published: January 2019

Andaman and Nicobar islands are one of the regions with unique diversity of flora including about 300 endemic species. These islands are also home to six native tribes, some of which are still living their life in primitive ways. The native phyto-diversity is routinely employed by these aboriginals and settler communities for a variety of purposes including food, medicines, timber etc. In the present review, diversity of crop wild relatives of commercial spices and plantation crops present in the islands along with their utilization by the tribes and other communities is discussed. Further, being botanically related to commercial crops, such species could greatly contribute in crop improvement programmes to meet the challenges arising out of climate change. Considering these, systematic studies are envisaged to document, regenerate, conserve and characterize such economically and ecologically useful species so that they could be utilized for the betterment of human kind. Present review concerned highlighting the importance of these issues in the context of fragile island ecosystem of the Bay Islands.
Effect of Avian Influenza on Household Consumption of Poultry Products: Evidence from First Outbreak in Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: A. Otekunrin Olutosin , A. Ayinde Idris , A. Otekunrin Oluwaseun , S. De Campos John
Published: January 2019

The study examined the effect of Avian Influenza (AI) on the household consumption of poultry products during the first outbreak of the disease in Ogun State, Nigeria. Furthermore, determinants influencing poultry products consumption during the outbreak were identified. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select 120 households and a well structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test and regression techniques.Egg consumption reduced significantly dropping from an average of 40 eggs/month to 29 eggs/month (p=0.038) during the AI outbreak. The average chicken expenditure/month dropped significantly from ₦1116.44 to ₦991.96 (p=0.019). Awareness of AI, educational level and amount spent on food consumption were the significant factors that contributed to the consumption of poultry products during the AI outbreak.The study therefore recommended that members of the public should be properly sensitized on safety precautions that should be cultivated before the consumption of poultry products especially during outbreaks of diseases.
Assessment of Spatial Variability of Soil Chemical Properties under Small-holder Farmers’ Field: a Case Study from Kavrepalanchowk District of Nepal
Authors: Ghimire Deepak , Raj Baral Bandhu , Panday Dinesh
Published: January 2019

A proper understanding of variability of soil chemical properties over an area is important for identifying the soil nutrients related production constraints. The suggestions for remedial measures and execution of appropriate nutrient management strategies are also based on the good knowledge of variation in soil nutrients. A case study was undertaken with an objective of assessing spatial variability of selected soil chemical properties of agricultural land. Soil samples from the surface (0 to 15 cm) were collected from farmers’ field in the central part of Kavrepalanchowk district of Nepal in February 2018. Soil samples were analyzed for soil pH, total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K). Descriptive statistics revealed that the soil in the study area was slightly acidic and contained the low status of TOC, P, and K, while the N content was medium. Coefficient of variation (CV) indicated that soil pH was the least variable (CV= 9.37% with values ranging from 5.3 to 7.7) among the investigated soil samples while N was the most variable (CV= 98.81% with content values ranging from 0.03% to 0.67%). Other selected properties (TOC, P, and K) were found to be highly variable (CV= 49.94%, 94.89%, and 57.53% respectively). These variations in soil chemical properties were mostly related to the different cropping systems and soil management practices, including nutrient management carried out in the study area. Owing to the higher variability of nutrients, the results suggested to take into account various soil and nutrient management practices for sustained soil fertility and enhanced productivity.
Effect of Pre-Sowing Treatments on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Silver Butterfly Tree (Bauhinia rufescens)
Authors: Opoku J. A. , Amissah J. N. , Essilfie M. E. , Norman J. C.
Published: January 2019

Three experiments were conducted in a plastic greenhouse at the Sinna Garden of the Crop Science Department of the University of Ghana, Legon, Accra to investigate into pre-sowing treatment (water treatment, growth regulator, and sulphuric acid scarification and water soaking) effects on seed germination and seedling growth of Bauhinia rufescens from October to December, 2011 and January to April, 2012, respectively. The experimental design used was complete randomized design. There were 4 treatments in experiment 1, 7 in experiment 2 and 6 in experiment 3. Each experiment was replicated five (5) times. The results showed that Bauhinia rufescens seeds soaked in hot water at 65 0 C for 60 minutes gave the highest mean germination rate, tallest plant height and highest number of leaves per plant at 49 days after soaking. It also had the widest stem diameter, highest fresh shoot and root weight, highest fresh root and dry root weight and number of roots per seedling. Seeds soaked in 500 ppm Gibberelic acid(GA3) produced the highest number of leaves per plant and tallest plants at 49 DAS. Seeds soaked in 750 ppm GA3 had the highest number of leaves per plant at 49 DAS and highest fresh shoot weight. Seeds soaked in 1000 ppm Promalin differed significantly from 500 ppm GA3 and the control in germination percentage. Seeds soaked in 1000 ppm Promalin differed significantly from 500 ppm GA3 and the control in germination percentage. Acid scarified seeds for 60 minutes plus soaking in tap water for 24 hours differed significantly from the seeds treated withother growth regulator rates plus 24 hours soaking in germination percentage. Acid scarified seeds for 45 minutes plus soaking in tap water for 24 hours had the tallest plant and highest number of leaves per plant at 49 DAS, widest stem diameter, highest fresh shoot and root weight and dry shoot weight. Soaking seeds in hot water at 65 0 C for 60 minutes and/or in acid (H2SO4) for 45 minutes plus soaking in tap water for 24 hours is recommended as pre-sowing treatment for Bauhinia rufescens for maximum mean germination rate and vigorous vegetative growth of seedlings.
Impact of Frontline Demonstrations (FLDs) on Oilseed Crops in South Konkan Coastal Zone of Maharashtra
Authors: Suresh Patil Sandeep , Mavanjee Mahale Mahesh , Shivajorao Chavan Sudeshkumar
Published: January 2019

Frontline demonstration is the long-term educational activity conducted by agricultural scientists in a systematic manner on farmers’ field to show the worth of new practice/technology under the micro-farming situation. The Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Ratnagiri had conducted the frontline demonstrations (FLDs) on oilseeds during 2011 to 2016. The KVK had organized 93 FLDs on Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) in two villages viz., Asage and Gawane and 26 FLDs on Niger (Guizotia abyssinica) in Gawane village from Lanja Block of Ratnagiri district. Therefore, the aim of present study was to determine the impact of frontline demonstrations (FLDs) on yield, adoption, varietal replacement of oilseed crops and its horizontal spread in Konkan region of Maharashtra state. To get the adequate size of the sample, 119 FLDs beneficiary farmers (93 Groundnut + 26 Niger) were selected as the sample for the present study. The study was conducted in experimental designs (Before-After and Control-Treatment) of social research. The findings showed that significant increase in the average yield of demonstration plot (20.57q ha-1) over the control plot (13.75 q ha-1) of groundnut crop. Average yield of niger was 2.75 q ha-1 , which increased to 3.11 q ha-1 in demonstration year. FLDs showed a positive impact on the adoption of production technologies in groundnut and niger. The ‘Local’ and ‘SB-11’ variety of groundnut were replaced by improved varieties such as ‘Konkan Trombay Tapora’, ‘TG 26’ and ‘Konkan Gaurav’. Similarly, improved ‘IGP-76’ and ‘Phule Karala’ varieties of niger replaced the ‘Local’ low yielding varieties. The area under improved varieties increased periodically. Thus, it can be inferred that FLD is an effective extension intervention to demonstrate the production potential of improved technologies in oilseed crops on farmers’ field. Therefore, it is recommended that the extension agencies engaged in transfer and application of agricultural technologies on farmer’s field should give priority to organize frontline demonstrations (FLDs) on cluster basis for harnessing the productivity potential of oilseed crops in the country.
Bio-efficacy of Different Insecticides Against Thrips (Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood) in Green Gram
Authors: Kansagara Surbhi , D. Shah Kalpit , R. Rathod Atul , K. Ghelani Mitesh , F. Acharya Mahesh
Published: January 2019

Investigation on the management of thrips, Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood infesting green gram was carried out under field condition during 2017 at Pulse Research Station, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, India. For the management of thrips, different combinations of seed treatments viz., imidacloprid 30.5 SC @ 0.12%, clothianidin 50 WDG @ 0.20% and thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 0.01% and foliar application of insecticides profenophos 40% + cypermethrin 4% 44 EC @ 0.044%, spinosad 45 SC @ 0.0135% and flonicamid 50 WG @ 0.015% were evaluated against the pest. Based on pooled over periods, seed treatment of thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 0.10% and insecticidal spray of spinosad 45 SC @ 0.0135% was found most effective for the control of thrips.The highest (1066 kg /ha) seed yield was gained from the plots treated with thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 0.10% + spinosad 45 SC @ 0.0135% followed by imidacloprid 30.5 SC @ 0.12% + spinosad 45 SC @ 0.0135% (1025). Maximum yield loss can be avoided with spray application of thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 0.10% + spinosad 45 SC @ 0.0135% (90.64%) followed by imidacloprid 30.5 SC @ 0.12% + spinosad 45 SC @ 0.0135%(83.16%) as compared to control.