bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alleviating adverse effects of environmental stress in plants through chitosan application
Authors: ARSHAD Tahreem , LIHONG Wang , ALAWADI Hussam F. Najeeb , MAHMOOD Athar , ZIA Muhammad Anjum , NAQVE Maria , ALI Basharat , NAWAZ Muhammad , HASSAN Muhammad Umair , HASHEM Abeer , ABD_ALLAH Elsayed Fathi
Published: October 2024

Chitosan encourages the growth of plants, controls their metabolic processes and homeostasis, and activates their defence mechanisms. On one side, it hinders the ability of pathogens by preventing their growth and limiting their reproduction, so it will become a more common and ideal asset for agricultural sustainability. Additionally, cesium (Cs) stimulated the SOS1 pathway and raised a number of gene transcripts related to energy generation, phenol metabolism, proton motive force, salt compartmentalization, and other processes. However, plants exposed to salt stress were treated with cesium nanoparticles (CsNPs) and modified CsBMs, which boosted indole terpene alkaloid metabolism, defense-related genes, decreased ROS formation by boosting jasmonic acid (JA) signalling, increased essential oil, anthocyanins, membrane stability, alkaloids, and diterpene glycosides. This is the first review that specifically compares Cs/CsNPs/modified CsBMs treatment options under salt stress and offers insights about the biological and biochemical parameters of the plants. It also recommends using CsNPs and modified CsBMs rather than Cs for better plant function under salinity stress.
Unveiling the genetic landscape: Exploring the SSR-based genetic architecture and amino acid dissection of Gossypium barbadense and G. darwinii genomes
Authors: DITTA Allah , ZHOU Zhongli , SHEHZAD Muhammad , CAI Xiaoyan , XU Yanchao , HOU Yuqing , LIU Fang , WANG Kunbo , KHAN Muhammad K.R. , ATTIA Kotb A. , HAFEZ Yaser M. , MOHAMMED Arif A. , WANG Baohua , FIAZ Sajid , ZHANG Baohong
Published: October 2024

Genetic maps highlight the genome organization and structure but also provide the chance of tagging superior traits for crop improvement through marker-assisted selection. Amino acids are building blocks of proteins and perform crucial function in regulating the signaling of molecules involved in the development and growth of plants. Plant architecture also have an impact on crop productivity. In order to select elite cultivars for breeding and identification of favorable alleles and their functional properties, a deep understanding of genetic architecture and development of genetic map is essential. In present investigation, an interspecific cross of Gossypium barbadense XH-18 × G. darwinii 5-7 was made to develop a genetic map utilizing single sequence repeat markers for the dissection of amino acids involved in genetic architecture of G. barbadense and G. darwinii. We measured chromosomal distribution of 20 amino acids across the whole genome of both species. The map consists of 613 markers spread across all 26 chromosomes, covering 2371.4 cM of cotton genome with an average inter-marker distance of 9.35 cM. The marker number anchored on the chromosomes varied from 5 to 76 with an average of 23.57 on each chromosome. The Dt sub-genome had more markers (83.03%) than the At sub-genome (15.66%). Moreover, the longest chromosome was 143.387 cM, the shortest was 58.430 cM, and the average length was 91.207 cM. The Dt subgenome spans a greater genomic distance than the At subgenome. A sum of 21,035 genes were discovered, covering the complete genome of G. barbadense; G. darwinii and have been found to be involved in tRNA 3'-trailer cleavage, macromolecule modification, peptide deformylase activity, response to biotic stimulus and defense response. The minimum Glutamic acid (Glu), Histidine (His), and Lysine (Lys) were found on Chr.13 (0.00-17.74), Chr.02 (0.00-8.01), and Chr.06 (0.00-17.97), respectively found through chromosomal amino acid dissection. The genome-wide SSR interspecific genetic map of G. barbadense and G. darwinii is first of its kind, and studying chromosomal distribution of amino acids will set a landmark step to dissect the genome structure of G. darwinii.
Effects of farmyard manure and chemical fertilizer application rates on soil biology, cotton and fiber yield
Authors: RAMAZANOGLU Emrah , BEYYAVAS Vedat , CEVHERİ Cevher İlhan , SAKİN Erdal , YILMAZ Sevin Nur
Published: October 2024

Organic and inorganic fertilizers have significant effect on plant physiology, yield per unit area, available plant nutrient contents and extracellular enzyme activities of soils. This study was carried out in field conditions in arid and semi-arid regions between 2020-2021 years, May 01. The effects of farmyard manure (FM) (20, 40, 60 Mg ha-1) and chemical (CF) (350 kg urea ha-1, 100, 200, 300 kg DAP ha-1) fertilizers applied at different rates on plant nutrient (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn) contents, SPAD value and NDVI of cotton plants, seed cotton yield and soil enzymes (urease, catalase, dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase) were investigated. The results showed that FM applications significantly (p<0.01) increased the plant macro and micronutrients compared to CF applications, except for N (200 + 150 kg urea ha-1), Zn and Cu (300 kg DAP + 200 + 150 kg urea ha-1) in the 2021 cotton growing season. Mineralization of FM is slow under natural conditions; therefore, the use of FM alone is not sufficient to meet the nutrient needs of high yielding varieties. Urease and dehydrogenase activities increased significantly in FM treated soils compared to CF, while no significant (p<0.01) increase was recorded in alkaline phosphatase and catalase activities. Farmyard manure is a useful management practice for increasing soil biological activity. Physiological parameters of NDVI, SPAD and seed cotton yield significantly increased in FM treated soils compared to CF applications. The increase in cotton yield was 29.15%, in NDVI value was 22.38% and in SPAD value was 121.7%. The main issues with cotton in the area are the low organic carbon content of the soils, high clay content, arid and semi-arid soils, and their detrimental impact on the uptake of particular nutrients (N, P and B).
Genetic improvement of drought stress tolerance in maize, recent advancements and future research direction
Authors: GAO Zhan-Wu , CUI Yan-Hui , LI Xin-Ning , BAI Meng-Yuan , ASSERI Tahani A.Y. , HASHEM Mohamed , WANG Zhao-Jie
Published: October 2024

Maize is an imperative crop around the globe, and it provides several essential nutrients to humans and animals. Environmental changes seriously affect growth and productivity. Drought stress is one of the most important abiotic stresses, reducing maize growth and yield and threatening global food security. For decades, breeders have been trying to improve maize's ability to counter the toxic effects of drought stress. Drought tolerance is controlled by many genes and it complicates molecular breeding. The use of conventional breeding methods limited the development of drought tolerance in maize because of the complex nature of this trait. Hence, maize breeders have shifted their focus towards improvement of drought tolerance in maize at molecular level. Different molecular tools like quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping, genome-wide-association-studies (GWAS), transcriptome analysis, transcription factor (TFs) analysis, and CRISPR/Cas9 have played a vital role in gene’s identification and their use in molecular breeding. These genomic regions have been proven very effective, and more studies are being conducted to increase their efficiency; however, the improvement level is limited because of the complex genetic mechanism of drought tolerance. Different review articles have been published on this aspect; however, a comprehensive and updated overview of drought tolerance needs to be included. The current review highlights the role of diverse molecular techniques to improve drought tolerance in maize. This review article will enhance the interest of researchers working on the genetic improvement of maize.
Effects of soil amendments and coverings on the kenaf yield and soil physicochemical properties in saline-alkali land
Authors: CHEN Changli , CUI Ruye , AN Xia
Published: October 2024

In order to investigate the effects of various treatments on the growth of kenaf in saline soil, this study employed a comprehensive experimental design incorporating a dual approach of soil amendment and mulching techniques. Soil treatment of saline and alkaline land, as well as biological material mulching treatment after sowing kenaf, were conducted. The growth dynamics of kenaf were assessed before the mid-term investigation, and the harvest period was examined. Soil physicochemical properties were measured and analysed at different periods. The results show that in the analysis of red sesame yield traits, the differences mainly appeared between soil treatments. There is no significant difference between the different mulching treatments within each soil treatment. In the mid-term study, significant differences were observed in kenaf plant height. Plant height was the most affected by soil conditioners, while other yield traits did not show significant variations. During harvest, only stem thickness and dry weight of a single plant did not show significant differences, whereas other yield traits did. The application of soil conditioners resulted in a 58.15% increase in dry hull yield compared to organic fertilizers and a 22.66% increase compared to regular fertilizers. Soil conditioners also led to higher levels of effective phosphorus, quick-acting potassium, organic matter, and total nitrogen throughout the kenaf growth period compared to organic and regular fertilizers. This is beneficial for enhancing soil quality and reducing soil alkalinity. Combined with the results of kenaf yield and soil physical and chemical properties analysis, it has been proven that the application of soil conditioner has the best effect, followed by the application of compound fertilizer, with organic fertilizer treatment being the least effective.
İsmet İnönü Dönemi (1939-1950) Türkiye’de Sosyal Darwinizm ve Öjenik Politika ve Uygulamaların Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Tombak Fatma
Published: September 2024

İnönü’nün Cumhurbaşkanlığı Dönemi; siyaset, dış politika, eğitim, kültür, din, laiklik, demokrasi vb. birçok konu açısından ayrıntılı bir şekilde değerlendirmeye tabi tutulmuş ve ülkemizde zengin bir literatür oluşmuştur. Ancak 20. yüzyılda Liberalizm, Sosyalizm, Sosyal Darwinizm, Faşizm ve Nasyonalizm gibi sistemler ve siyasî akımların ortaya çıktığı, geliştiği bir dönemde özellikle İkinci Dünya Savaşı ve Hitler Almanyası ile öjenizm zirve yapmıştı. II. Dünya Savaşı’nda kritik bir görevde olan İsmet İnönü’nün hızla dünya siyasetine yön veren “Sosyal Darwinizm ve Öjenizm”e bakışı, tavrı, dönemin aydın ve yazarlarının öjenik uygulamalara bakışları hakkında akademik olarak çalışma sayısı yok denecek kadar azdır. Bu çalışmada Sosyal Darwinizm ve Öjenik kavramları açıklanarak bu kavramların ortaya çıkışı, siyasî düşünce ve akımlara yansıması anlatılacak ayrıca 20. yüzyıl siyasî tarihinde, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti üzerinde öjenizmin etkisi vurgulanacaktır. Akabinde Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin ikinci Cumhurbaşkanı İsmet İnönü’nün öjenizme bakışı değerlendirilip öjenizm temelli (Faşizm, Nazizm gibi) siyasî akımlara karşı İnönü’nün tavrı ve dönemin devlet politikasının temel noktaları öjenizm üzerinden ele alınacaktır. Sonuçta İnönü dönemindeki devlet politikalarındaki ve toplumsal hayattaki uygulamalarda öjenik ve Sosyal Darwinist etki ortaya konularak bu etkinin tarihi seyri verilecektir. Böylece dönemin siyasî tarihi ve gelişmeleri daha iyi anlaşılacaktır.
Bitişik Şartlı, Bağdaşır Seçenekli ve Bağlantılı Tasımların İndirgenmesi Üzerine
Authors: Osman Fikret
Published: September 2024

Bitişik şartlı tasımlar, bağdaşır seçenekli tasımlar ve bağlantılı tasımlar, iki öncül ve bir sonuçtan oluşan basit şartlı tasımlardır. Bu tasımların türünü, birinci öncülleri belirler. Bitişik şartlı tasımların birinci öncülü koşul önermesinden, bağdaşır seçenekli tasımların birinci öncülü tikel evetleme önermesinden, bağlantılı tasımların birinci öncülü de bağdaşmazlık önermesinden oluşur. Bu üç tasımın ikinci öncülleri ve sonuçları ise birinci öncüllerin bileşenlerinden birinin onaylanması ya da onaylanmamasından meydana gelir. Şartlı tasımların burada üzerinde durulan bu türlerinin ikişer geçerli formu vardır. Bitişik şartlı tasımların geçerli formları, ön bileşenin onaylanması ve art bileşenin onaylanmamasıdır. Ön bileşenin onaylanması tasımında, ikinci öncül olarak birinci öncülün ön bileşeni, sonuç olarak da birinci öncülün art bileşeni alınır. Art bileşenin onaylanmaması tasımında ise ikinci öncül olarak birinci öncülün art bileşeninin onaylanmaması, sonuç olarak da birinci öncülün ön bileşeninin onaylanmaması gelir. Bağdaşır seçenekli tasımların geçerli formları, ön bileşenin onaylanmaması ve art bileşenin onaylanmamasıdır. Ön bileşenin onaylanmaması tasımında, ikinci öncül olarak birinci öncülün ön bileşeninin onaylanmaması, sonuç olarak da art bileşenin onaylanması alınır. Art bileşenin onaylanmaması tasımında ise ikinci öncül birinci öncülün art bileşeninin onaylanmaması, sonuç da birinci öncülün ön bileşenin onaylanması şeklinde gelir. Bağlantılı tasımların geçerli formları, ön bileşenin onaylanması ve art bileşenin onaylanmasıdır. Ön bileşenin onaylanması tasımında, ikinci öncül olarak birinci öncülün ön bileşeninin onaylanması, sonuç olarak da birinci öncülün art bileşeninin onaylanmaması alınır. Art bileşenin onaylanması tasımında ise ikinci öncül birinci öncülün art bileşeninin onaylanması, sonuç da birinci öncülün ön bileşeninin onaylanmaması olarak gelir. Bu çalışmada, tüm bu geçerli olan şartlı tasımların birbirine ve diğer bazı tasımlara indirgenmesi üzerinde durulmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, ele alınan şartlı tasımların birinci öncüllerinin eşdeğerleri belirlenerek söz konusu tasımların hangi tasımlara indirgenebildikleri gösterilmektedir.
Öğretmenlik Mesleğinin İtibarı: Fenomenolojik Bir Araştırma
Authors: Karakoyunlu Betül
Published: September 2024

Sanayi sonrası topluma geçişle birlikte çalışma yaşamı ve meslekler önemli değişimler yaşamıştır. Özellikle bilgi toplumlarına geçiş, sosyal dinamiklerin yanı sıra mesleklerin de sorgulanmasına neden olmuştur. Kol gücüne dayalı meslekler irtifa kaybederken bilgiye dayalı mesleklere olan rağbet artmıştır. Esasen bu noktada öğretmenliğin bilginin taşıyıcılığına yönelik işlevi nedeni ile mesleki itibarının artması beklenir. Ancak mesleğin her geçen gün itibar kaybettiği alan yazınında pek çok çalışmaya konu edilmiştir. Diğer yandan Türkiye özelinde söz konusu külliyatın konuyu ekseriyetle niceliksel boyutu ile ele aldığı ifade edilebilir. Bu nedenle mesleki itibarla ilgili olarak, meslek mensuplarına yönelik derinlikli çalışmaların sayısı arzu edilen düzeyde değildir. Bu bağlamda mesleğin itibarını ve imajını olumsuz etkileyen faktörlere ve söz konusu faktörlerin birbiri ile ilgisine dair derinlikli çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu araştırmada öğretmenlik mesleğinin itibarına etki eden sosyo-kültürel faktörlerin, mensupların kendi görüşleri doğrultusunda ortaya konması hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda çalışma, nitel araştırma yaklaşımlarından fenomenolojik desene göre tasarlanmış, üyelerin kendi gözünden kendilerine, ortaklaşa düzeyde deneyimlerine ve toplumun gözünden kendilerine olan algılarının anlaşılması hedeflenmiştir. Araştırma grubu olarak Konya merkez ve ilçelerinde farklı branşlarda görev yapan 30 öğretmen, amaçsal örneklem yolu ile seçilerek yarı yapılandırılmış mülakat gerçekleştirilmiştir. Toplanan veriler betimsel ve sistematik analiz ile çözümlenmiş ve temalar oluşturulmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda öğretmenlerin mesleki itibar bakımından kendilerini giderek daha gerilemiş olarak değerlendirdikleri, bu durumun sebebi olarak mesleki yetkinlik, üslup ya da meslektaşların tutumu gibi durumları münferit olarak gördükleri ve değişimin temel dinamiklerini toplumsal kültürün mesleğe atfettiği anlamda aradıkları sonucuna varılmıştır. Üretilen bu yeni anlam ailelerin çocuklara atfettiği değer, sınav odaklı yaklaşımların meslek itibarını sayılara indirgemesi, öğretmenlere yüklenen bakıcı rolü, eğitim simülasyonlarının artışı, öğretmene yüklenen rolün toplumsal ideallerden uzaklaşması, mesleğin giderek kadınsılaşması ve pandemi sürecine bağlanmaktadır.
Industrial Production Dynamics of Regions: Assessment of the Resilience of Responses to External Constraints
Authors:   South Ural State University (National Research University), Danilova I. V. , Pravdina N. V. ,   South Ural State University (National Research University), Rezepin A.V. ,   South Ural State University (National Research University)
Published: October 2024

The Russian economy is at the centre of destabilising events. The article assesses the resilience of responses of industrial production to external constraints. Long – and short-term regional responses were examined using the methods of estimation of trend and cyclical components of production volume changes, construction of phase dynamics models (sectoral and cross-sectoral tracers) of relevant and prospective specialisation areas, assessment of the resilience of industrial regions based on the indicators of long-term, short-term and prospective dynamics. Analysis of particular resilience indicators demonstrated regional differences in production indices before and after destabilising events, duration of the recovery period, degree of reaching the pre-shock level, presence or absence of stabilising industries, etc. Three levels of production resilience were distinguished: elastic response characterises regions that managed to reach the pre-shock level; super-elastic response indicates compensatory recovery and positive post-shock growth; plastic response means negative consequences after the normalisation of events. The paper analysed export-oriented single-industry metallurgical regions using official statistics on industrial production indices for 2006–2021. As a result, their resilience profiles were differentiated: the research noted a negative impact and slowdown in economic growth in Chelyabinsk and Sverdlovsk oblasts, as well as a positive reaction in Vologda and Lipetsk oblasts. Additionally, it was revealed that stabilising industries with counter-phase dynamics are present in Vologda and Lipetsk oblasts and absent in Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk oblasts. According on the identified levels of production resilience, targets and tools of regional industrial policy were determined. Regions with plastic responses to external constraints require support for prospective specialisations. In regions with elastic and super-elastic responses, it is necessary to implement strategies and policy measures for the stabilisation of development through economic diversification.
State of fullerene C60 in a two-component gas mixture
Authors:   Gazprom Transgaz Tomsk, Borodin Vladislav I. , Bubenchikov Mikhail A. ,   Tomsk State University, Bubenchikov Aleksey M. ,   Tomsk State University, Mamontov Dmitriy V. ,   Tomsk State University, Timchenko Sergey V. ,   Tomsk State University
Published: October 2024

In this paper, the non-equilibrium state of a gaseous molecular system containing nitrogen, helium, and fullerenes is studied in the framework of the model of classical molecular dynamics. In such systems, the non-equilibrium state is determined by different states of single components. Here, the heavy fraction of the fullerenes can induce the internal non-equilibrium state associated with the difference between its translational and rotational temperatures. This paper proposes an original method for calculating the rotations of fullerenes in space, which does not use Euler angles and therefore has no consequential restrictions. The diffusion trajectories of fullerene particles are calculated, and the energy of their rotation is determined as the average temperature in the system of 300 K. The calculated results show that the internal non-equilibrium state of the fullerene fraction becomes apparent at pressures less than 10 atm. At pressures of a few tens of atmospheres, the rotational temperature of fullerenes coincides with their translational temperature.
Old Age as a “New Frontier” of (Spatial) Justice
Authors: Bernardini Maria Giulia
Published: October 2024

Due to ongoing demographic changes, old age is receiving increasing attention, to the extent that it is considered a “new frontier” of justice, with spatial justice being one of the more recent areas of interest within the legal sphere. The article aims to explore the relationships among the elderly, rights, and space, particularly concerning the urban dimension of the latter. The analysis is preceded by a brief account of the historical significance assumed by old age in philosophy and law, at the intersection of which legal philosophy is situated.
Multi-Channel Cooperative Spectrum Sensing and Scheduling for Cognitive IoT Networks
Authors: Celik Abdulkadir
Published: September 2024

This paper presents a novel multi-channel cooperative spectrum sensing and scheduling (MC$_2$S$_3$) framework for spectrum and energy harvesting cognitive Internet of Things (IoT) networks. We address the challenge of maximizing network throughput by formulating a combinatorial problem that jointly optimizes the sensing scheduling of primary channels (PCs), the assignment of IoT devices for sensing scheduled PCs, and the clustering and allocation of IoT nodes to efficiently use discovered idle PCs; subject to spectrum utilization and collision avoidance constraints. Recognizing the inherent complexity of the underlying NP-hard mixed-integer non-linear programming (MINLP) problem, we propose a decomposition strategy that decouples the master problem into PC exploration and exploitation sub-problems. In the exploration phase, we derive closed-form solutions for optimal sensing durations and detection thresholds that satisfies spectrum utilization and collision avoidance constraints, which are then used to develop a priority metric to rank PCs. The proposed PC ranking informs a sequential PC scheduling and IoT sensing assignment approach that exploits a linear bottleneck assignment (LBA) strategy, proceeding until further scheduling does not enhance network utility. For the exploitation phase, we leverage a non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) strategy to multiplex multiple IoT nodes on a single PC, employing an iterative linear sum assignment (LSA) method for efficient allocation to maximize utilization of idle PCs. Numerical results validate the efficacy of our proposed methodologies, reaching an accuracy of approximately 99% in the order of milliseconds, significantly outperforming time complexity of brute-force benchmarks.
Optimal Solution of the Dynamic Economic Dispatch by Improved Teaching-Learning-Based Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm
Authors: Özkaya Burçin
Published: September 2024

Dynamic economic dispatch is one of the most handled problem in modern power system operations. It aims to optimize the output power from thermal generating units over a specified time period to minimize the total fuel cost, while satisfying the several constraints such as generation limits, ramp rate limits, and power balance. In addition to these constraints, the prohibited operating zones and the valve-point loading effect are included the DED problem. In this case, the complexity, nonlinearity, and non-convexity of the DED problem are increases. Therefore, in order to solve the DED problem, a powerful meta-heuristic search (MHS) algorithm are proposed. In this study, an improved teaching-learning-based artificial bee colony (TLABC) algorithm, where the fitness-distance balance based TLABC (FDB-TLABC) and natural-survivor method based TLABC (NSM-TLABC) algorithms were hybridized. To prove the performance of the proposed algorithm, it was applied to solve the DED problem and benchmark problem suites. In the simulation study carried out on benchmark problems, the results of the proposed algorithm and five MHS algorithms were evaluated statistically. According to Friedman test results, the proposed algorithm ranked first with 2.2836 values among them. On the other hand, the proposed algorithm and its rival algorithms were applied to solve the two DED cases. The results of them show that the proposed algorithm achieved superior performance to find the best objective values for both case studies.
Some pathogenetic relationships in gastroesophageal reflux disease in children
Authors: Butorina N. V. , Repetskaya M. N. , Vakhrushev Ya. M.
Published: October 2024

Objective. To study the relationship of the upper gastrointestinal tract acidity index and collagen metabolites and proteoglycans in children with GERD.
Materials and methods. 62 children with GERD were observed. The control group included 32 children. All children underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy with parietal endoscopic pH-metry. The content of free hydroxyproline (FHOP), peptide-bonded hydroxyproline (PSHOP), glycosaminoglycans (GAG), as well as a-mannosidase activity in gastric juice were studied.
Results. The hyperacidity of the pH in the esophagus, the gastric “lake” and the body of the stomach in children with GERD was revealed. A relationship between hyperacidity and the breakdown of collagen in the mucous membrane of the gastroesophageal area demonstrated by high levels of GAG, FHOP, and PSНOP a-mannosidase in the gastric juice has been shown.
Conclusions. In children with GERD, the dynamic balance of aggressive-protective factors in the gastroduodenal area is disturbed. As a result of it, degradation of collagen in the mucous and submucous layer of the esophagus and stomach is observed.
DETERMINATION OF DEEP RED REMOVAL POTENTIAL OF ACTIVATED CARBON PRODUCED FROM WHEAT BRAN
Authors: Demıral İlknur , Şamdan Canan , Kus Fatma Betül
Published: September 2024

In this study, the production of activated carbon from wheat bran was carried out through the chemical activation method. ZnCl2 was used as the chemical agent in the chemical activation. The impregnation ratio was determined as 2:1, and the activation temperature was set to 500 °C. The obtained activated carbon was utilized for the removal of the Deep red dye substance from aqueous solutions. The adsorption studies resulted in the highest adsorption capacity under conditions of pH 2.17, a duration of 24 h and a temperature of 45 °C, providing a removal of 95.238 mg/g. The adsorption studies were evaluated by examining adsorption isotherms, adsorption kinetics, and adsorption thermodynamics. It was determined that this adsorption study is in accordance with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm. According to adsorption thermodynamics, adsorption is endothermic and occurs physically. These results indicate that activated carbon produced from wheat bran can be effectively used to remove the Deep red dye substance from wastewater.
MULTI-LEVEL CLASSIFICATION BASED ON DEEP LEARNING FOR ACCURATE RISK STRATIFICATION OF ARRHYTHMIAS
Authors: Şahin Sadık Evin
Published: September 2024

Arrhythmias, also known as irregular heartbeats, are important health problems that must be accurately identified to diagnose and treat cardiovascular disease. Within the scope of this study, a network for classifying arrhythmias, which are important in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, was proposed by using one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D CNN), one of the deep learning techniques. With the proposed 1D-CNN architecture, arrhythmia types and normal rhythm ECGs were subjected to a more detailed examination from general to specific according to urgency situations. In the classifications made, first of all, a binary classification was made and an evaluation was made as whether there was a life risk or not. In triple, quadruple and six-fold classification, the detection of arrhythmia status is detailed. More complex classifications have helped to define different types of arrhythmias in more detail. This study proposes a deep learning network for automatic identification and classification of arrhythmias and shows that different arrhythmia conditions can be diagnosed with a single network model by applying the proposed network structure to multi-class arrhythmia disorders.
END-TO-END AUTOMATIC MUSIC TRANSCRIPTION OF POLYPHONIC QANUN AND OUD MUSIC USING DEEP NEURAL NETWORK
Authors: Germen Emin , Karadoğan Can
Published: September 2024

This paper introduces an automatic music transcription model using Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), focusing on simulating the "trained ear" in music. It advances the field of signal processing and music technology, particularly in multi-instrument transcription involving traditional Turkish instruments, Qanun and Oud. Those instruments have unique timbral characteristics with early decay periods. The study involves generating basic combinations of multi-pitch datasets, training the DNN model on this data, and demonstrating its effectiveness in transcribing two-part compositions with high accuracy and F1 measures. The model's training involves understanding the fundamental characteristics of individual instruments, enabling it to identify and isolate complex patterns in mixed compositions. The primary goal is to empower the model to distinguish and analyze individual musical components, thereby enhancing applications in music production, audio engineering, and education
Broadband four-shoulder sine antenna of radio monitoring and direction finding equipment with a note system of two orthogonally combined printed resistance transformers
Authors: Hodunov V.A. , Kulikov S.S. , Isaev M.A. , Doroshenko V.V. , Prosetsky V.N.
Published: October 2024

Problem statement. The article presents material on the development of antennas used in radio monitoring and radio direction finding equipment of electronic warfare equipment. The basic requirements for the design and characteristics of antennas of radio monitoring and direction finding equipment are presented. Aspects of the fundamentals of the development of a four-arm broadband antenna powered by two orthogonally combined printed resistance transformers, which has not been used before, for the possibility of controlling polarization, are considered, the results of modeling the developed antenna are presented and recommendations for its use in the antenna array are given. Purpose. To develop a small-sized antenna that allows to increase the efficiency of the operation of radio direction finding and radio monitoring complexes in an ultra-wide frequency band, with a special power supply system of two orthogonally combined printed resistance transformers for the possibility of implementing polarization control. Results. Based on the methods of electrodynamic modeling, computational methods of technical electrodynamics, methods of full–scale experimental measurements of antenna characteristics and methods of computer processing of data of full-scale experimental measurements, an antenna has been developed that allows the control of amplitude, phase and polarization parameters in an ultra-wide frequency band. The developed antenna is based on a flat four-arm sine element with a power supply system of two orthogonally arranged printed resistance transformers. The resistance transformer significantly reduces the level of the reflection coefficient at the input and radiation losses. The use of this development in radio direction finding and radio monitoring complexes will reduce the number of sublattices of the antenna system due to the functioning of its elements in an ultra-wide frequency band. The practical significance lies in reducing the number of letters of radio direction finding antenna systems consisting of the developed antenna elements, minimizing the degree of distortion of ultra-wideband signals and ultrashort pulses of arbitrary (varying) polarization received by antenna devices and systems from the antenna presented in the article. The developed antenna and antenna devices based on it can be used for electronic warfare, as well as improving communication and remote control systems.
A technique for increasing the throughput and reducing the reaction time to new threats of aviation electronic warfare systems under specified resource constraints
Authors: Zamarin A.M.
Published: October 2024

Currently, when designing new modern aviation electronic warfare systems designed for individual protection of attack aircraft from electronic weapons controls, very strict requirements are imposed on the probability of survival of the protected aircraft. The probability of an aircraft's survival directly depends on the throughput, which should be the maximum possible, and the reaction time to new threats, which should be the minimum possible, of aviation electronic warfare systems. It is necessary to ensure the maximum possible probability of survival of the protected aircraft attacked by electronic weapons controls, under certain specified resource constraints imposed on the weight, dimensions and energy consumption of the electronic warfare complex. Thus, in this case, it is necessary to solve the problem of conditional optimization of a function of many variables, which is a problem of nonlinear programming. The solution of this problem made it possible to carry out a formal description of the methodology for increasing throughput and reducing the reaction time to new threats of aviation electronic warfare complexes under given resource constraints. The developed technique can be applied in the design of aviation electronic warfare systems that provide effective individual protection of attack aircraft from electronic weapons controls.
The use of fuzzy sets to form the staffing of a medical institution
Authors: Zhuleva S.Yu. , Kroshilin A.V. , Kroshilina S.V.
Published: October 2024

The timely provision of medical care directly depends on the well-planned time of the medical staff. The use of information systems and decision support systems can improve efficiency and reduce healthcare costs. A difficult problem to solve in medical information systems is the uncertainty of information associated with the failure to meet the conditions for completeness and reliability of incoming information when organizing the work of a medical institution. The use of a fuzzy logic mechanism in decision support systems to assess the staffing of a medical institution will allow taking into account the influence of many factors at the initial decision-making stage, which will contribute to improving the efficiency of the personnel of a medical organization.
Optoelectronic system for measuring and analyzing the parameters of an electrical signal in a radio receiver path
Authors: Barabolya B.А. , Demidenko K.О. , Karavaev S.V. , Petukhov A.V. , Prygunov A.G.
Published: October 2024

The relevance of monitoring the level of signal distortion in radio reception equipment is substantiated. A block diagram of a holographic optoelectronic system for measuring and analyzing the level of an electrical signal in a radio receiver path is presented. The measurement algorithm is described. The sensitivity of the holographic sensitive unit of the developed system was researched. Mathematical modeling made it possible to evaluate the influence of the parameters of the optical circuit of the holographic sensitive element in the developed optoelectronic system on its sensitivity was carried out.
EFFECT OF GRAPHENE OXIDE AQUEOUS DISPERSIONS ON ROCK WETTABILITY
Authors: Cárdenas José Carlos , Pérez Angelli Stephanie , Torres-Saez Rodrigo , Ariza-León Emiliano
Published: September 2024

Among the various methods to improve oil recovery from reservoirs (wells stimulation), the use of nanofluids has emerged as a promising alternative for modifying the wettability and permeability of sandstone rocks. For this reason, in this study, graphene oxide (GO) was synthesized from graphite, and a nanofluid was formulated using GO dispersed in water to evaluate its capacity for modifying wettability on sandstone core plugs from Colombian reservoirs. The experimental setup included three preliminary tests: visual wettability, contact angle measurements, and detergency. The results demonstrated an increase in the water wettability of the rocks, leading to a decrease in the contact angle of the water-rock system by up to 42.6%. Additionally, the visual wettability and detergency tests yielded positive results, indicating that graphene oxide is an effective wettability modifier, rendering the rock more water-wet.
SIMULACIÓN ANALÍTICA EN RESERVORIOS COMPARTIMENTALIZADOS PARA REALIZAR PREDICCIONES Y EVALUAR EL POTENCIAL Y RENTABILIDAD DE PROYECTOS DE PERFORACIÓN INFILL Y DE INYECCIÓN DE AGUA
Authors: Calle-Mondragón César , Arcentales-Bastidas Danilo
Published: September 2024

La simulación analítica revela múltiples aspectos ligados a la complejidad dinámica del yacimiento, así como la variabilidad de los parámetros de entrada-salida ligados a los datos de fluidos y a las permeabilidades relativas (Donohue et al., 1995; Houck & Cooley, 1983). El modelo analítico proporciona estimaciones de la producción y la energía del yacimiento a partir de proyectos de perforación infill y de modelos de recuperación secundaria con menor incertidumbre. El balance de materiales se aplicó a un bloque estructural visualizado como un “tanque”, representado como un yacimiento compartimentalizado con conducción de gas en solución. El área de estudio es un bloque estructural de 135 acres ubicado en el noroeste de Perú, es un reservorio volumétrico impulsado por gas de solución, que está agotado por 11 pozos productores. El modelo se realizó con el ajuste histórico de los datos de producción y presiones, luego se obtuvieron predicciones con la perforación de cinco pozos infill y la aplicación de un proyecto de inyección de agua. Los resultados arrojaron que para el bloque compartimentalizado del estudio sólo 3 pozos son el número óptimo de pozos de infill con un incremento individual de 52 miles de barrilles de petróleo (MBO) de reservas (encima del punto de equilibrio 46 MBO) con una inversión total de 1,8 millones de dólares por los 3 pozos, alcanzando una rentabilidad total de 2,24 millones de dólares. Además, con un proyecto de inyección de agua se consigue un mantenimiento de la presión y unas reservas incrementales de 147 MBO con una inversión de 2 millones de dólares, alcanzando una rentabilidad de 2,105 millones de dólares.
Determining meaning for key competencies via assessment practices
Authors: Hipkins Rosemary
Published: October 2024

Some schools have expended considerable effort to create assessment rubrics as part of building an initial understanding of the key competencies in The New Zealand Curriculum (Ministry of Education, 2007). Key competencies can be interpreted within a relatively traditional skills-based framework, or they can be seen as a vehicle for transforming schooling to better meet students’ learning needs for the 21st century. Premature assessment decisions could prevent some schools from developing the latter understanding, but rethinking assessment within a sociocultural framework could help give powerful effect to the key competencies in the enacted curriculum.
Face Detection using Min-Max Features Enhanced with Locally Linear Embedding
Authors: Hidayat Rahmat , Jaafar Fatin Nabila , Yassin Ihsan Mohd , Zabidi Azlee , Kamaru Zaman Fadhlan Hafizhelmi , Rizman Zairi Ismael
Published: October 2024

Face detection is critical function in many embedded applications such as computer vision and security as it is widely used as preprocessor for face recognition systems. As a preprocessor, the face detection system needs to extract features from a region of interest and classify them quickly as either face or non-face. In our previous works, we have devised a feature representation method called Min-Max (MMX) feature that allows representation of a region of interest using a few data points based on the unique characteristics of vertical and horizontal summation of face regions. In this paper, we attempt to improve the classification accuracy of MMX by integrating a technique called Locally Linear Embedding (LLE), a powerful dimensionality and feature enhancement algorithm that has been used successfully in many pattern recognition tasks. To test the performance of the proposed enhancement, the LLE-treated features were compared with non-treated features using a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) neural network classifier. The results indicate an increase (+1.2%) in classification accuracy of the MLPs, demonstrating the ability of LLE to enhance the representation of MMX features.
The Impact of Feedback in Facebook on Students’ Language Proficiency
Authors: Ekahitanond Visara
Published: October 2024

Facebook is a wealth of knowledge, which allows group discussion, asking questions, exposing to different perspectives, observing new information, sharing experiences, discovering newness of life, and socio-pragmatic development. It is an open platform for knowledge exchange from scholars with minimum cost but maximum effectiveness. The idea of using Facebook as a learning tool was implemented in an English for Specific Purposes course at a private university. This study was conducted to find out the effects of online feedback in Facebook on students’ language proficiency and investigate their attitudes toward learning through Facebook. Forty participants were selected to take part in the experiment during the first semester of 2017 academic year. Two assignments were a requirement of the course comprising news writing and news reading. In each assignment, scores were given to students’ practice and real performance. The study employed feedback offered by teacher and peers in Facebook as a tool to develop students’ proficiency. The findings reveal that there were statistically significant improvements in the revised writing draft and news reading which were linked to peers and teacher feedback. An enormous decrease in making mistakes indicated that students used the comments to improve their performances. In addition, the replies from an open-ended questionnaire indicated positive attitudes toward the use of Facebook as a learning tool. However, several disadvantages along with suggestions are useful for future course development.
The problem of the gift: Theological and ontological contexts of modern thought
Authors:   Saratov State University, Bogatov Mikhail A. , Pavlova Daria A. ,   V. I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University
Published: October 2024

Introduction. At the very beginning, the problematic field of the article is outlined: we will not talk about the problem of the gift, but about why the gift becomes a problem. To do this, it is necessary to consider several contexts in which this problem arises. We propose to dwell on two of them: theological and ontological. Theoretical analysis. In a theological context, two currents of twentieth-century thought are examined in connection with their influence on the problem of the gift. Firstly, this is political theology, which agreed that in the era of secularization we inherit Christian meanings, and one of them is the phenomenon of a gift. Secondly, this is theoesthetics, which proposes to consider the position of the secularization of our era as a private and, in fact, already closed project. In the ontological context, it is pointed out that the gift becomes a problem where violence and exchange assert themselves as the norm for understanding being. Conclusion. As a result, the article draws conclusions and poses key questions for further research on the problem of the gift.
To the issue of the concept of national identity
Authors:   Saratov State Law Academy, Erohin Vladimir S.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The article is devoted to the analysis of national identity as a socio-political phenomenon. The problem under study is the conceptual ambiguity of the content of the concept of «national identity», significant discrepancies in its interpretation. Theoretical analysis. The purpose of the work is to analyze the content of this concept and to study its essential features. The use of logical and critical methods in the analysis of the concept of «national identity» allows us to identify its important features and analyze its dual nature. The theoretical significance of the work consists in the conceptual analysis of the scientific concept of «national identity». Conclusion. The scientific novelty lies in the formation of the author’s interpretation of the concept of «national identity»: it is the result of achieving a stable relationship between a person and a national community, the acquisition of a set of signs that allow a person to realize his belonging to the ideals, norms and principles of the existence of the nation. The image of a collective «we» is being formed, supported by the institution of the state. The political side of national identity objectifies the properties of the nation as a collective «we». The dual nature of national identity includes a combination of the activity of state institutions and the free, active nature of a man as a citizen. The presented understanding of national identity can be used in the process of formation and practical implementation of the state identity policy.
Features of the professional competencies formation of future graphic artists
Authors:   Moscow Pedagogical State University, Hamza Al-Murshedi Ahmed Vahid
Published: October 2024

Introduction. There are a number of contradictions in education when the knowledge, skills and abilities obtained at an educational institution do not satisfy the labor market. In general, training in the specialty “Graphic Artist (easel graphics)” can be interesting and useful for those who want to work in the field of art. To be successful in the labor market, it is necessary to develop not only your abilities, but also marketing skills, job promotion and order search. The article analyzes the competencies of future graphic artists with specialization no. 1 “Graphic artist (easel graphics)”. The analysis of the contingent of art and pedagogical institutions leads to the conclusion that the specialty is in little demand. Theoretical analysis of the problem of professional competence formation of future graphic artists identified components and indicators of professional readiness of future graphic artists. Conclusion. In conclusion, it can be noted that the peculiarities of the formation of professional competencies is a multifaceted process. These peculiarities may be related to the individual characteristics of students, the specifics of the profession, as well as the peculiarities of the educational process. An individual approach to students, the use of modern teaching methods and orientation to the real needs of the labor market will help to effectively form professional competencies of future specialists in any field.
Genesis of the problem of digital communicative competence formation in a blended learning format in the period from 1950 to 1990
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, Bakina Evgeniya A.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Digital transformation of science and higher education is a strategic direction of the state policy in the Russian Federation that contributes to qualitative changes in every area of life, including the field of science and education, supporting the idea of continuous professional development. The goal of digital transformation is to achieve a high level of digital fluency in educational establishments of higher education. Digital transformation is aimed at solving different problems, namely increasing the level of digital competence of specialists and students of educational organizations, especially when working in a new learning format. Therefore, we suggest considering the genesis of the problem of formation of digital communicative competence in a blended learning format. Theoretical analysis. This competence, implemented in a blended learning format, is highly-demanded in the digital reality. The article features the periodization of the genesis of the problem of digital communicative competence formation in a blended learning format. The main trends of the second phase of its formation are identified. The scientific, theoretical, historical and socio-cultural prerequisites of its development are determined. Conclusion. Digital competence improves the quality of education and promotes digital innovations in educational environment, maximizing the potential of modern technologies.