bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of Factors Fueling Brand Evangelism Through Influencer Marketing
Authors: Wadhwa Riya , Rabby Fazla , Bansal Rohit
Published: November 2024

Brand evangelism occurs when customers become ardent advocates for a brand, promoting its products or services voluntarily and with enthusiasm. These brand evangelists go beyond mere loyalty, they actively spread positive word-of-mouth, create user-generated content, and influence their social networks to embrace the brand. Brand evangelism in influencer marketing involves influencers passionately advocating for a brand, going beyond traditional endorsements. These influencers become genuine ambassadors, sharing authentic experiences and creating compelling content that resonates with their audience. By fostering strong relationships with influencers who truly believe in their products, brands can drive organic growth and enhance their reputation through trusted enthusiastic recommendations. The objective of this paper is to explain the role of various factors that fuel brand evangelism across different social media platforms in the context of influencer marketing.
Harnessing Data Analytics For Effective Influencer Marketing and Brand Evangelism
Authors: Jain Pretti , Chaudhary Neetu
Published: November 2024

This chapter discusses the significant connection between data analytics and influencer marketing, demonstrating the power of data-driven insights to boost brand evangelism. The initial phase involves utilizing data to identify and promote brand advocates and champions, while also analyzing consumer behavior and engagement metrics to enhance influencer marketing campaigns. Furthermore, the discussion encompasses the application of predictive analytics to forecast trends and guide the selection of influencers. Effective methods for recognizing and engaging with relevant industry influencers are discussed, emphasizing the importance of genuine and lasting partnerships. In this study, the strategies for evaluating the impact of influencer campaigns on brand awareness and sales will be examined. The chapter highlights the connection between data analytics and influencer marketing, demonstrating how data can assist in selecting influencers, targeting campaigns, and measuring influencer-generated content success.
Data-Driven Insights
Authors: Pathak Supriya , Kaakandikar Rishikaysh , Nim Dheeraj
Published: November 2024

This study examines the role of engagement metrics in developing brand affinity across various industries, focusing on emotional connections between consumers and brands. It highlights how platforms like LinkedIn have shifted brand-consumer interactions from passive to active engagement (Hudson et al., 2016). Theoretical frameworks, such as Katz et al.'s uses and gratifications theory (1973), explain how likes, shares, and comments reflect social validation. Case studies of IBM and Coca-Cola illustrate how brands leverage these metrics to foster loyalty and trust. Integrating sentiment analysis is crucial for understanding consumer perceptions (Agnihotri et al., 2020; McGowan & Johnson, 2021), allowing brands to adapt strategies for meaningful engagement.
AIML-PLS and Process Developed to Test and Hypothesis to Influence the Consumer Behavior on Green Car Branch
Authors: Naidu C. Barna , Sajja Guna Sekhar , Vij Renu , Mishra Manoj Kumar , Anand M. Clement Joe
Published: November 2024

The objective of this study is to examine the influence of perceived value based on green, altruistic values, and desired self-identity on the attachment of brands to green businesses along with the role that customer involvement plays as a mediator between these relationships. Perceived green value, desired identity, altruistic ideals, and consumer engagement behaviour all influence brand loyalty indirectly, according to this research. According to this definition, “greenwashing” occurs when consumers believe that certain companies are exaggerating their commitment to environmental sustainability. A total of 172 people who have bought and driven electric or hybrid cars were surveyed online across the state to provide this data. To test the theories, we used PLS-SEM, which combines Smart-PLS with PROCESS, to examine the results. The study's findings demonstrate that consumers' behaviour while dealing with the selected green vehicle firms is positively impacted by their views of humanitarianism, desired identity, and green value. Brand loyalty was often mediated by customer interaction. Greenwashing reduced the indirect effect of desired one's identity and altruistic principles on devotion to a brand via customer participation. Aspiring self-identity and altruism indirectly impact brand loyalty via customer interaction. This impact is stronger with lower greenwashing perceptions. This research provides essential management insights on how eco-friendly firms may enhance consumer engagement and foster loyalty to the brand.
PLS-SEM Software Model
Authors: Khan Faisal Ahmed , Singh Navdeep , Sethi Vandana Arora , Chandra Pradeep Kumar , Kreem H.
Published: November 2024

In today's digital world, micro-influencers have significant sway over customers' purchasing decisions. In order to develop useful content that attracts customers and encourages them to connect with micro-influencers, marketers have deliberately cooperated with them as brand endorsers. This collaboration has led to brand evangelism. This is a reflection of the long-term commitment of consumers to brands. For fashion influencers, Instagram is all about promoting items and connecting with their following. This research aims to address the gaps in the current literature by integrating several frameworks based on literature. These frameworks include theories of data relevance, consumer-influencer interaction behaviour, brand evangelism, observational learning, and consumer-focused digital content marketing. The quantitative approach was implemented by means of PLS-SEM, or partial least-squares structural equation modelling. The suggested model was investigated using the Smart PLS v. 3.3.9 software program. Results are based on responses from 500 customers who have interacted with Instagram fashion micro-influencers. Among the factors that motivate consumer-influencer engagement, the results showed that topicality of content had the strongest positive effect. Other factors, such as authenticity of content, freshness, understandability, reliability, and interest, also had a positive effect. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that consumer-influencer interaction significantly impacts brand evangelism.
Development of Structural Equation Modelling to Predict and Explain the University Brand Evangelism
Authors: Kumar Anil , Nijhawan Ginni , Maan Preeti , Yadav Dinesh Kumar , Mohammed Q.
Published: November 2024

Much of the existing research on the topic focusses on the ways in which alums help HEIs financially. Nevertheless, there is a dearth of research that specifically looks into how alumni impact HEIs' extra-role brand development activities. Through the mediation of a feeling of belonging, this research investigates the impact of institution public community finding & university identity happening university product evangelism. Using structural equation modelling, the researchers combed through information gathered from 607 graduates of 16 Indian HEIs. Most graduates, according to the results, become “brand evangelists” for their alma mater when they have a strong intelligence of fitting to the Institution's larger social network. Also, without a feeling of belonging as a mediator, the results show that a stronger sense of identity is not enough to forecast and explain university brand evangelism. Hence, it is crucial for HEIs to foster the social and individual identification in order to encourage a feeling of belonging. This, in turn, motivates alumni to actively promote the university's brand.
AI-Based Customer Supporting and Preference System
Authors: Singh Warshi , Rai Sidhanshu , Katiyar Arpana , Katiyar Ruchi , Rajput Sanu
Published: November 2024

The focus of this study is on the digital marketing strategies used by the food delivery business that make utilise ensembles applied machine learning. To provide suggestions based on artificial intelligence (AI), customer data is analysed, customer preferences are determined, and customer behaviour is predicted. To provide a single forecast, the ensemble approach integrates the results of the closest neighbour, naïve Bayes, and decision tree algorithms. Perfect predictions were produced by the precision matrix plots of the closest neighbour and decision tree algorithms, with accuracy values of 0.000 error and 100.000%, respectively. The naïve Bayes method, on the other hand, demonstrated effective identification of the proper labels among every class with a high degree of accuracy, with a total precision matrix of 97.176% and a 0.029 error. A smaller amount than half of randomised data, along with the consumer knowledge data, may be used to incorporate the model into this process using the majority voting approach, which has a probability successful rate of more than 91%.
AIML-Based Data Analytics to Cost Strategy in Simulating the Logistics Business
Authors: Sharfunisa N. , Surekha Swarna , Pughazendi N. , Veeranna T. , Pramodhini R. , Selvan R. Senthamil
Published: November 2024

This study aims to determine if using ensemble machine learning (ML) with artificial intelligence (AI) can improve cost-cutting and profit-maximising tactics. This research aims to investigate how best practices for mitigating costs may be found through simulating business threshold cost information using ensemble machine learning driven by AI. To find patterns and correlations in cost information related to strategic choices, three ensemble machine-learning techniques are used as ML algorithms on the dataset, which contains 6561 possible tuples. This concept is innovative because it shows how simulated data might improve cost-cutting tactics for companies. By highlighting the perspective of machine learning applications for company proprietors and employees engaged in manufacturing and advertising, this study adds to the body of knowledge already available on artificial intelligence and machine learning applications in business. The consequences of the study results are noteworthy for several businesses, such as retail, logistics, and transportation.
Ayurvastra Merging Traditional Medicine With Sustainable Fashion
Authors: Tiwari Shruti , Gehija Jaidev , Malviya Hitiksha
Published: November 2024

Ayurvastra, derived from the Sanskrit words 'Ayur' (life) and 'Vastra' (clothing), represents a unique intersection of traditional medicine and sustainable fashion. This multidisciplinary research delves into the historical origins, manufacturing techniques, therapeutic benefits, and environmental sustainability of Ayurvastra. By examining ancient practices alongside contemporary applications, the paper seeks to underscore the potential advantages and challenges of Ayurvastra. This study positions Ayurvastra as a promising niche within the broader context of sustainable and wellness-focused textiles, aligning with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 3 (Good Health and Well-being) and 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production).
Consumption Approach R&D Strategies in Brand Value in Fortune Companies
Authors: Haribabu Dharani , Das Marisha Ani , Kumari K. Santha , Selvan R. Senthamil , Kumar N. B. Mahesh
Published: November 2024

Consumption has also grown at the same pace as increases in technology in the global globe, which is experiencing fast technological development. It is possible for information to go to another side of the globe in an instant, and it is also possible for consumer items to be transported to the opposite end of the earth only a short while later. Within the context of the global environment, where quick consumption is attained, producers are likewise engaged in a fierce competitive situation. In the context of marketing, this circumstance has evolved into a strategy with the purpose of ensuring that customers ultimately become a society that consumes brands. In order to create novel technology-based items, businesses have been concentrating their efforts on research and development initiatives in order to adapt to this consumption style. In order to establish a connection between research and development as production of innovation & trademark as consuming data, the link between research and development spending and brand value will be investigated.
Influential Social Media Marketing by Integrating the Strategic Implementation
Authors: Mishra Rajiv , Saurabh Sweta , Dwivedi Sachi , Singh Vikas
Published: November 2024

This study explains the strategic application of influencer marketing in the business to business (B2B) context and reveals the challenges that B2B organisations face in influencer marketing. It does this by drawing on theories related to employee advocacy, customer reference marketing, and organisational endorsement. A total of twenty-two senior management marketing experts from various industries were interviewed in-depth by the researchers. An examination of these stories reveals that business-to-business marketers promote the term “influential marketing,” setting it apart from the more common term “influencer marketing” used by marketers targeting consumers directly. Credibility, knowledge, professionalism, and the sharing of industry secrets are at the heart of business-to-business (B2B) persuasive marketing.
Harnessing Quantum Mechanics for Next-Generation Security Solutions
Authors: Manushree C N , Khajuria Himanshu
Published: November 2024

Quantum mechanics with its essentially unique characteristics, offers transformative possibilities for creating next-generation security solutions. This paper explores the potential of quantum cryptography, particularly quantum key distribution (QKD), and quantum random number generation (QRNG). By leveraging quantum superposition and entanglement, QKD allows secure communication channels resistant to both classical and quantum computing attacks. QRNGs utilize fundamental quantum volatility to generate truly random numbers, essential for creating secure cryptographic keys. The implementation of quantum-resistant algorithms and protocols addresses vulnerabilities in current cryptographic systems exposed by the arrival of quantum computers. This paper aims to highlight the critical advancements in the field, outline the current limitations, and propose future directions for research and development to fully harness the potential of quantum mechanics in securing digital information.
Quantum Public Key Cryptography
Authors: Pandya Devang , Solanki Paresh , Vanzara Rakesh , Sarvakar Ketan
Published: November 2024

Cryptography is not for secure the sensitive data but now days it is compulsory in many applications like IoT, Cloud Platform, business systems and so on. A new area of advanced information technology called quantum-computing uses the unique characteristics of quantum physics to solve complex problems, which are beyond the powers of even the most robust classical/powerful computers. Security is the major concern in the area of quantum computing environment. Quantum cryptography, in addition, merely practices the ideologies of quantum mechanism to encrypt/decrypt data and transmit it in a way that cannot be hacked by anyone. This chapter explores the area of quantum public key cryptography, which seeks to create cryptographic building blocks that can withstand attacks from a quantum computing-enabled adversary. Chapter begins with fundamental principles of quantum mechanics, cryptography, quantum cryptography, quantum public key cryptography and, core families of quantum-resistant public key schemes.
Role of Quantum Gates Towards Cryptographic Applications
Authors: Sridharan Sharranya , Pravinkumar Padmapriya , Chaubey Nirbhay Kumar
Published: November 2024

Wireless communication is becoming a prevalent technology for information transfer, and there has been a rise in the issue of security. Unauthorized access, eavesdropping and such attacks can be prevented using cryptographic techniques. Cryptography can broadly be divided into two based on the principles used: Quantum and classical cryptography. While classical cryptography is a well-researched field of study, quantum cryptography has sparked interest due to its better security and higher efficiency, as demonstrated by Shor's Algorithm. These cryptography algorithms can be implemented using quantum gates. A quantum gate operates on a set of qubits. A quantum gate performs the same function for a quantum computer as a classical logic gate does for a classical computer. This chapter focuses on the basic quantum gates and their applications in quantum cryptography. The proposed chapter provides the working principle of Single, two and three Qubits gates in IBM Quantum lab and their Cryptography applications.
Implementation of RQFT-QTRNG Using Quantum Gates in the IBM Quantum Lab
Authors: T. S. Gururaja , Pravinkumar Padmapriya , Chaubey Neha
Published: November 2024

We propose to develop quantum true random number generation (QTRNG) in IBM's quantum laboratory by implementing the Random Quantum Fourier Transform (RQFT) technique utilizing quantum gates. This approach overcomes the imperfections caused by noise and decoherence in quantum circuits by utilizing the quantum Fourier transform (QFT) to replace the computational basis with a Fourier basis comprising a complex superposition of qubit states. For usage in symmetric and asymmetric cryptographic applications, the RQFT-based QTRNG produces unpredictable high quality random numbers. It satisfies all the preliminary tests, Autocorrelation test, and extensive National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) test suites, such as SP 800-90 and SP 800-22 are used to assess the generated sequences randomness in order to guarantee their robustness and reliability.
A Study of Secret Image Sharing Schemes Using Visual and Quantum Cryptography
Authors: Rabari Dipak K. , Meghrajani Yogesh K. , Desai Laxmi S.
Published: November 2024

Since the beginning of time, humans have had secrets, and individuals have always been curious to learn about them. People transmit digital data to convey secret information in a variety of methods, such as text messages, secret images, and email conversations as internet technology advances. A concrete instance of a cryptography technique is visual cryptography, which allows secret images to be encrypted and decrypted by the human vision without making use of computers. Many researchers have surveyed the secret sharing schemes with factors like pixel expansion, computational complexity, threshold security, contrast and quantity of secret images. This chapter presents a survey on review and performance evaluation of several visual secret sharing schemes. Moreover, the basic overview of methods which adopt the concept of quantum cryptography with secret sharing schemes are presented with comparative study of recent research trends.
Advanced technologies for the study of neuronal cross-organ regulation: a narrative review
Authors: Lin Ran , Guo Yuxi , Jiang Weiting , Wang Yiqiao
Published: November 2024

The nervous system plays an integral role in the homeostasis of living organisms through the regulation of multiple organ systems. Research has highlighted the extensive role of the nervous system in regulating organ function, including key aspects such as metabolic processes, respiratory, cardiovascular, and immune responses. These findings are inseparable from the development of new technologies such as viral tracing, optogenetics, whole-tissue imaging, and neural activity recording. As technology continues to advance, our understanding of the regulatory role of the nervous system in other organs has expanded to more complex cognitive and emotional control systems, such as the cerebral cortex and subcortical areas. Recent studies have also shown the bidirectional cross-organ regulatory mechanisms between the gut microbiota and the brain. In addition, the body–brain axis also monitors inflammatory responses to ensure a balance between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses. This review delves into the intricate regulatory functions of the nervous system as they pertain to cross-organ communication, emphasizing the broader implications that extend beyond mere metabolic regulation. It employs cutting-edge technologies such as viral tracing, whole-tissue clearing, optogenetics, and in vivo neuronal activity recording to dissect the influence of the nervous system on various organs, including but not limited to the heart, liver, and spleen. These advanced methodologies have substantially broadened our comprehension of the fundamental operations of the nervous system within diverse physiological systems, revealing the complex neural networks that orchestrate organ-specific functions. Our review highlights the significant potential of advanced technologies in neuronal cross-organ regulation to pave the way for therapeutic strategies aimed at addressing a wide array of conditions that impact organ health.
A closer look at pathogenic amyloid-β in Alzheimer’s disease using cryo-electron microscopy: a narrative review
Authors: Gao Yang , Schedin-Weiss Sophia , Tjernberg Lars O.
Published: November 2024

Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. The identification of amyloid-β in Alzheimer’s disease brains, together with the association of mutations in the amyloid-β precursor protein with Alzheimer’s disease pathology, is the basis of the amyloid cascade hypothesis, which suggests that amyloid-β plays a central role in Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis. Recent studies have further highlighted the role of intraneuronal amyloid-β in Alzheimer’s disease development. Moreover, the success of anti-amyloid-β immunotherapies supports the amyloid cascade hypothesis, emphasizing the importance of targeting specific amyloid-β conformations to achieve better therapeutic outcomes. In recent years, cryo-electron microscopy has become an invaluable tool for obtaining near-atomic resolution images of protein assemblies, and multiple structures of brain-derived amyloid fibrils have been elucidated. In this article, we review the role of pathogenic amyloid-β according to the amyloid cascade hypothesis and explore the relationship between intraneuronal amyloid-β accumulation and the development of key pathological features of Alzheimer’s disease—amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. We also connect cryo-electron microscopy structures of amyloid-β aggregates with amyloid-β-targeting treatment and highlight recent advances and future research directions. The application of cryo-electron microscopy can provide molecular insights into amyloid-β structure, which is expected to help uncover the underlying mechanisms of Alzheimer’s disease and provide new therapeutic strategies for the clearance of amyloid-β aggregates.
Percutaneous release of plantar fasciitis
Authors: Negm Mohammad A. , Elshal Ehab A. , Abdelkader Mohammad E.
Published: November 2024

Background and aim

Plantar fasciitis (PF) is reportedly the most common cause of pain in the inferior heel. It affects sedentary and athletic populations. Obesity and prolonged standing are risk factors for it. Diagnosis is primarily based on history and physical examination. PF is thought to be caused by biomechanical overuse from prolonged standing or running, thus creating microtears at the calcaneal enthesis.

Patients and methods

This was a single-center, prospective, observational, case series study that involved 20 patients with chronic PF. All patients were treated by percutaneous plantar fasciotomy, with a follow-up duration of 6 months.

Results

In our study, there were 20 patients (20 feet) in whom there was a significant change in American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Scale from 44.75±8.61 before the operation to 90.45±11.69 in the first follow-up visit (2 months after operation) and to 90.9±13.35 in the second visit (6 months after the operation) and a significant change in visual analog scale from 6.8±1.06 before the operation to 1.45±1.96 in the first follow-up visit and to 1.7±2.54 in the second follow-up visit. Regarding postoperative patient satisfaction levels, 60% of patients were very satisfied and 15% were satisfied, whereas 25% were not satisfied. All patients in this study returned to their full activity at an average of 3.85±1.09 weeks.

Conclusion

The percutaneous release of plantar fascia was effective in the treatment of PF.
Evaluation of the effect of platelet-rich plasma on the healing of the lay-open surgically repaired sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus
Authors: Megahed Hazem A. , Elmoursi Lamiaa Z.
Published: November 2024

Background and aim

Pilonidal sinus disease is surgically treated by two main methods, which include excision with primary closure/flap repair or excision of the sinus with healing by secondary intention, which is highly prevalent because of its relationship with a lower incidence of recurrence. However, it is linked to extended healing periods. This study was performed to evaluate the role of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in accelerating the healing of the lay-open surgically repaired sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus.

Patients and methods

This randomized prospective trial was performed between October 2020 and September 2021 on 40 patients in the Surgery Department of Al-Azhar University Hospital in New Damietta with a simple sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus. Two groups were randomly selected from among the patients: group A (control group), comprised 20 patients who underwent a complete removal of the pilonidal sinus using the lay-open method and group B (PRP group), comprised 20 patients who underwent the same procedure. The surgical wound was injected with PRP just after surgery and on postoperative days 3, 7, and 14.

Results

The PRP group (B) experienced accelerated healing and resulted in a significant difference weeks 2, 3, 4, and 5. All revealed a very significant difference. At week 6, it becomes significant again.

Conclusions

PRP therapy considerably shortens the healing time and postoperative pain associated with pilonidal wounds following surgery, also, the time needed to resume work or daily activities and complications are decreased.
A comparative study between classically inverted and temporally inverted internal limiting membrane flap technique in the treatment of macular hole
Authors: Hegazy Hassan M. , Gad Ashraf M. , Ibrahim Ibrahim F.M.
Published: November 2024

Background and aim

A full-thickness retinal tissue defect affecting the anatomic fovea and, particularly, the foveola of the eye is referred to as a macular hole.

The study’s objective was to compare the visual and anatomical results of using a temporal inverted internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap and a classical inverted ILM flap in the surgical closure of stage IV idiopathic macular holes.

Patients and methods

A prospective, randomized, interventional, comparative study was conducted at Al-Azhar University hospitals on 40 eyes of 40 patients with macular holes randomized to two groups: group I (20 patients) undergone pars plana vitrectomy with classic inverted ILM flap and group II (20 patients) undergone pars plana vitrectomy with the temporal inverted ILM flap technique.

Results

In group I, there was statistically insignificant differences (P=0.648) between patients who had dissociated optic nerve fiber layer (DONFL) in their optical coherence tomography (OCT) images (yes group) (mean±SD=0.44±0.08), and patients without DONFL in their OCT images (no group) (mean±SD=0.41±0.12), and same observation found in group II at which there was no statistically significant difference (P=0.874) between patients who had DONFL in their OCT images (yes group) (mean±SD=0.47±0.12), and patients without DONFL in their OCT images (no group) (mean±SD=0.46±0.19).

Conclusion

There is no significant difference in the postoperative best-corrected visual acuity between the two techniques. The integrity of Ellipsoid zone (EZ) and External limiting membrane (ELM) is essential for the improvement of visual acuity after operation.
Preliminary Study: Expulsive Effect of Empagliflozin on Small Lower Ureteric Stones in Type II Diabetic Patients
Authors: Abdelaziz Alsayed S. , Abdalaziz Mohab AS. , Ebraheem Mostafa M. , Raheem Ali A. , Ghoneem Ayman M.
Published: November 2024

Background and aim

Currently, a new oral diabetes medication comprises inhibition of the sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2), resulting in glycosuria, which may have a dislodging impact on stone ureter. The purpose of this trial was to examine and compare efficacy of empagliflozin in treatment of ureteric stones in type 2 diabetes patients with tamsulosin.

Methods

Between July 2018 and March 2020, 111 diabetic patients coming to urology outpatient clinics with a single 5–10 mm lower ureteral stone were randomly assigned to two groups: Empagliflozin group (Group A, n=54): Patients got an oral dose of 10 mg of empagliflozin once daily, and Tamsulosin group (Group B, n=57): Patients received tamsulosin 0.4 mg once daily but no SGLT2 inhibitor. The spontaneous passing stones, time required for expulsion, and unfavorable effects were assessed.

Results

There were no significant variations in baseline characteristics between the two groups of patients. In groups A and B, stone expulsion was reported in 75.9% and 77.1% respectively. In group A, the average time to expulsion was 11±4 days, while in group B, it was 13±6 days. The rate of spontaneous stone passage was insignificantly greater in group B, although the stone expulsion time was insignificantly shorter in group A than in group B. The unfavorable effects identified in both groups were comparable in severity and mildness.

Conclusions

In comparison to 0.4 mg tamsulosin, empagliflozin is a safe and efficient medical expulsive therapy for solitary lower ureteral stones < 10 mm in type 2 diabetes individuals.
Evaluation of apically extruded debris from root canal filling removal of the mesiobuccal canal of maxillary molars using XP shaper and protaper with two different irrigation
Authors: Mirsattari Sanaz , Jahromi Maryam Zare , Khabiri Masoud
Published: November 2024

Background:

Periapical extrusion of debris for root retreatment will effectively improve the posttreatment inflammation and pain. The aim of this study was to investigate the extruded debris for root retreatment using XP shaper and ProTaper files.

Materials and Methods:

In his experimental laboratory study, 40 extracted human maxillary molars were used in this laboratory study. After disinfection and equalization of length, the samples were treated with a passive step-back technique and dressed. The samples placed in the tubes for retreatment were divided into four groups: (1) XP shaper file and hypochlorite, (2) XP shaper file and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), (3) ProTaper file and hypochlorite, and (4) ProTaper file and EDTA. Then, the teeth were taken out of the tubes, and cleaned to collect the remaining apical debris. The weight of the tube and the extruded debris was measured again. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test (α =0.05).

Results:

The highest average of extruded debris was related to the XP shaper file with EDTA solution, and the lowest average was related to the ProTaper file with hypochlorite solution. Between the two files used with EDTA and hypochlorite solution, the average debris extrusion of the XP shaper file with EDTA solution was significantly higher (P < 0.05) compared to the ProTaper and XP shaper files with hypochlorite solution (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Regardless of the type of irrigant material, the ProTaper file can be a more suitable option than the XP shaper file for retreatment of the tooth root canal with minimal debris extrusion.
Dermoscopic Features of Diaper Dermatoses in Children: A Descriptive Pilot Study
Authors: Dhawan Neha , Shahana Mohammed , Nagaswetha Mudiam , Cheedirala Rama M. , Chintagunta Sudharani , Netha G. Narasimha Rao
Published: November 2024

Background:

Diaper dermatoses broadly refer to skin disorders that occur in the diaper area. Dermoscopy is a non-invasive diagnostic tool that magnifies subsurface structures of the skin that are invisible to the unaided eye.

Aim:

To identify and describe the dermoscopic features of dermatoses in the diaper area.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional clinical study was conducted, which included 100 children below five years of age with dermatoses in the diaper area. The lesions were initially observed clinically and then under a dermoscope (Dermlite 4, 3GEN Inc., San Juan Capistrano, CA, USA). Findings were recorded and photographed.

Results:

Of the 100 enrolled children, infectious dermatoses were observed in 46 cases, predominantly comprising scabies and tinea cruris, followed by intertrigo, molluscum contagiosum, and varicella. The most common dermoscopic feature of scabies was a jet wing with a contrail, whereas scaling, red-brown, and grey-brown dots and globules were observed in tinea cruris. Of the non-infectious dermatoses, contact dermatitis and vitiligo were the most common. Dermoscopy revealed irregular-dotted vessels and white structureless areas in cases of contact dermatitis. An absent pigment network and white structureless areas with leukotrichia and white glow were seen in vitiligo, which helped differentiate it from nevus depigmentosus.

Limitations:

Single-center study with a limited sample size for each condition and histopathological confirmation could not be performed.

Conclusion:

This study highlights the dermoscopic features of diaper dermatoses and demonstrates the potential of dermoscopy to enhance diagnostic accuracy and optimize patient care without invasive investigations, underscoring its unique role in pediatric dermatology.
Multidisciplinary Management of Endodontic-periodontal Lesion with External Root Resorption Using Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Xenograft: A Case Report with 6-month Follow-up
Authors: Pavithrarani M. , Rajendran Poornima , Koshy C. , Srihari J.
Published: November 2024

Treatment of external root resorption (ERR) and accompanying periodontal abnormalities can be problematic for the majority of clinicians. When managing cases involving both ERR and osseous defects, it is essential to address both aspects comprehensively. Treatment strategy may include periodontal therapy to address the osseous defect and stabilize the surrounding bone, along with endodontic intervention to manage root resorption and preserve tooth structure. This case report describes the use of a multidisciplinary strategy in treating endodontic-periodontal lesions with ERR affecting the prognosis of the tooth in a 50-year-old male. Endodontic lesion was managed by performing root canal treatment, periodontal defect was regenerated using a xenograft material, and the ERR was treated with mineral trioxide aggregate. The results obtained in this interdisciplinary case remained stable for over 6 months.
Effectiveness of Motivational Interviewing to Facilitate Behavioral Change among Community Health Workers at Kaiwara – An interventional study
Authors: Shenoy Sneha , Sagarkar Anitha R. , Krishnappa Pushpanjali , Tasneem Anam
Published: November 2024

Aims:

To assess effectiveness of MI to facilitate behavioral change among community health workers at Kaiwara. Settings and Design: Randomized Controlled Trial was conducted among health workers of Primary Health Centre area with 40 subjects in two groups.

Materials and Methods:

A validated questionnaire was used to collect data regarding their demographics and for pre and post assessment of study participants. Principal Investigator (PI), as trained MI Interventionist conducted the MI sessions among study group (MI Group) and delivered conventional Health Education (HE) among control group (HE group). Statistical Analysis Used: Intervention outcome at first, second and third month were Repeated Measure ANOVA, Paired t test and Unpaired t test.

Results:

The present study showed there was improvement in the mean score in MI and HE groups from baseline to follow up which was statistically significant (P<0.001). At baseline there was no statistically significant difference in mean scores between MI and HE groups (P>0.05).

Conclusions:

The present study showed MI to be an effective approach to facilitate behavioral change among health workers to incorporate oral health information in their general health promoting activities as compared to conventional HE method.
Navigating Narrow Ridges with Guided Narrow Diameter Dental Implants for Optimal Prosthetic Rehabilitation
Authors: Roy Aishwarya , Vasudevan Karthikeyan , Muthukumar B. , Reddy Vishal
Published: November 2024

The smaller-diameter implants, typically ranging from 1.8 to 3.3 mm, are of great importance in cases where traditional implant placement might be challenging due to limited bone volume constraints. In prosthodontics, narrow diameter dental implants are often used in dental prosthesis for retention, support and stability. Their minimally invasive surgical placement, reduced treatment time, and cost-effectiveness make them a preferred choice for edentulous patients seeking to regain oral health, function and aesthetics. Moreover, this type of dental implants have shown promising results in providing immediate loading capabilities, allowing patients to enjoy the benefits of their newly fabricated prostheses almost immediately after surgical placement. This case report describes the technique of placing a narrow diameter dental implant and the loading protocol to achieve optimal outcome in a crestally challenged case. Guided surgical implant placement protocol was followed. Sequential drilling was done and 3mm × 11.5mm implant was placed with respect to 44. The patient follow up was done after 3 months and prosthetic rehabilitation was carried out using a cement retained crown.
Multidisciplinary Approach toward the Management of Oblique Fracture in the Maxillary Central Incisor: A Case Report with 1-year Follow-up
Authors: Nandhini S. , Anirudhan Subha , Rajendran Poornima , Koshy Minu
Published: November 2024

This case report describes the successful management of an oblique fracture of #11 with a fracture line that extended subgingivally by following a multidisciplinary protocol to preserve biological width and improve long-term prognosis. A 28-year-old male patient presented with a fractured front tooth caused by a fall. After a brief period of pain following the trauma, the patient was asymptomatic. An oblique fracture (Ellis Class III) in the coronal third of the upper right central incisor (#11 in the FDI teeth numbering system) with exposed pulp tissue was discovered during the routine clinical examination. When the fractured fragment was removed under local anesthesia, the fracture line was found to be extending subgingivally along the palatal aspect of the tooth. A multidisciplinary approach involving endodontic therapy and periodontal management involving flap reflection was adopted to attain a favorable long-term prognosis. The therapy comprised root canal treatment, crown lengthening, mucoperiosteal flap reflection, osseous re-contouring, composite core build-up, and final restoration using a porcelain fused to metal crown. This multidisciplinary approach, at 1-year follow-up, showed uneventful healing, and was able to achieve excellent esthetics and function while also preserving the patient’s natural tooth.
Association of Gender-specific Distribution of Sclerotic Dentin and the Direction of the Vertical Root Fracture – An In vitro Study
Authors: Ayodhi Subhashini , Krishnamurthy Madhuram , Leburu Ashok , Elangovan Selvendran Kasiswamy
Published: November 2024

Aim:

The primary aim of this study is to determine if there is a relationship between the direction of vertical root fracture and the gender-specific distribution of sclerotic dentin.

Materials and Methods:

For further morphometric analysis to ascertain sex and age, 30 premolars with an oval-shaped morphology and a single root were selected. After that, they were decoronated, placed in acrylic blocks, and tested vertically using a universal testing machine until the fracture occurred. To evaluate the correlation between the direction of sclerotic dentin and the direction of the fracture line, teeth were sectioned and observed under a stereomicroscope.

Statistical Analysis Used:

For the purpose of examining the correlation (P < 0.05), the Fisher’s exact test was used.

Results:

Among adults over the age of 40, sclerotic dentin was more prevalent in the apical and the middle thirds than in its coronal third, in both males and females. The correlation between the direction of sclerotic dentin and the direction of the fracture line was statistically significant between the male and female group and also in the coronal and apical thirds of the root.

Conclusions:

The vertical root fracture that runs buccolingually is correlated to the harder sclerotic dentin that is present in the mesiodistal direction.
Assessment of Microhardness of Demineralized Gamma-irradiated Human Enamel after Diode Laser and Fluoride Surface Treatment: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Agrawal Arushi , Padawe Dimple , Takate Vilas , Wankhade Ajinkya , Kharat Sanath , Sachdev Sanpreet Singh
Published: November 2024

Introduction:

The physical and chemical alterations induced by laser irradiation hold the potential to enhance enamel resistance against demineralization. Particularly, the combination of diode laser therapy with topical fluoride application presents an innovative approach toward caries prevention and immediate fluoridation of teeth. The aim of this study is to evaluate the microhardness of demineralized gamma-irradiated human enamel following diode laser (980 nm) and fluoride surface treatment.

Materials and Methods:

The enamel samples of 18 primary anterior teeth were subjected to gamma radiation at a dose of 60 Gy, administered at a rate of 2 Gy per day for 5 days a week over a span of 6 weeks. The samples were then immersed in a demineralizing solution with a pH buffer of 4.01 for a period of 96 h. They were then divided into three groups – control group (did not receive any treatment), laser group (diode laser 980 nm), and sodium fluoride varnish + laser group. Postintervention, the microhardness of the enamel samples was determined using Vickers’s test after demineralization and remineralization, respectively.

Results:

A statistically highly significant difference (P < 0.001) was noted when comparing the posttreatment microhardness values with the pretreatment values for both groups, laser and fluoride varnish, respectively. The pair-wise comparison revealed significantly higher postremineralization microhardness values for the samples in the order Group 3 > Group 2 > Group 1.

Conclusion:

The findings of the present study underscore the potential of combined diode laser therapy and fluoride varnish application in enhancing enamel microhardness and resistance to demineralization in gamma-irradiated enamel samples.
Estimation of Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 Levels in Saliva and Serum of Healthy and Chronic Periodontitis Patients: A Clinico-biochemical Study
Authors: Sai Ganta Venkata Trilochan , Saravanan A. V. , Ravishankar P. L. , Raja Sindhujaa
Published: November 2024

Aim:

The purpose of this study is to compare the salivary and serum basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2) levels in periodontally healthy and periodontitis subjects of varying severity. Further, the role of FGF-2 as a biomarker of periodontal disease was also assessed.

Materials and Methods:

Saliva and serum samples were collected from a total of 30 patients. The control group consisted of five healthy volunteers. The test group was further divided into three subgroups, each containing five subjects at different stages of periodontal disease (Stages I, II, and III). Periodontal parameters, including clinical attachment level, probing pocket depth, and gingival index, were recorded for all subjects. The FGF-2 content in both saliva and serum samples was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results:

The healthy subjects demonstrated higher mean FGF-2 levels (6.52 ± 2.29 pg/mL) compared to those with periodontitis (4.4 ± 1.38 pg/mL); the salivary FGF-2 levels were observed to be higher among subjects with periodontitis (6.36 ± 1.48 pg/mL) compared to the healthy subjects (3.43 ± 1.47 pg/mL). It was noted that the serum FGF-2 levels were in the following order: healthy subjects (6.52 ± 2.29 pg/mL), severe periodontitis (5.27 ± 2.23 pg/mL), moderate periodontitis (4.03 ± 0.25 pg/mL), and mild periodontitis (3.9 ± 0.49 pg/mL). In the comparison of salivary FGF-2 levels, the following order was observed: severe periodontitis (6.38 ± 0.61 pg/mL), moderate periodontitis (6.61 ± 0.87 pg/mL), mild periodontitis (6.1 ± 2.52 pg/mL), and healthy subjects (3.43 ± 1.47 pg/mL).

Conclusions:

Within the limitations of the present study, it can be concluded that FGF-2 levels can be used as a diagnostic marker of disease as its levels are remarkably increased in saliva patients having periodontitis.
Effectiveness of a Novel Sea Buckthorn Medicament in Enterococcus faecalis Infected Root Canals: An In vitro Microbial Study
Authors: Ramachandran Vetha Gayathiry , Thangaraj Deepa Natesan , Vishwanath Sankar , Mathew Sebeena , Kumaravadivel Karthick , Thangavel Boopathi
Published: November 2024

Introduction:

This study aimed to formulate the sea buckthorn (SBT) extract-based herbal intracanal medication and evaluate its antibacterial effectiveness against Enterococcus faecalis.

Materials and Methods:

Ninety freshly extracted single-rooted mandibular premolars were collected, decoronated to a uniform root length of 15 mm, and standardly enlarged up to ProTaper Gold size F3. The final irrigation protocol was done, and root canals were contaminated with E. faecalis. Samples were subjected to five medicaments, respectively: Group 1: Normal saline, Group 2: SBT, Group 3: Calcium hydroxide (CH) paste, Group 4: 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) gel, and Group 5: SBT + CH. After incubating for 1, 3, and 7 days, dentin debris was collected at intervals using a Peeso reamer and cultured on agar plates. Colony-forming units (CFUs) were counted after incubation, and values were statistically analyzed. One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s honestly significant difference test for intergroup comparison and repeated measures ANOVA for comparison within groups were done. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results:

The CFU values of SBT were the lowest of all the groups, followed by SBT + CH, CHX, and CH groups. The intergroup comparison showed a highly significant difference in all three observation periods (1, 3, and 7 days).

Conclusions:

SBT outperformed the benchmark medicament, CHX gel, with regard to its disinfection potential against E. faecalis. Moreover, its combination with CH proved to have a synergistic antibacterial action.