bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Le soin psychique passe par l’accès aux émotions
Authors: Vander Borght Christine
Published: February 2017

L’auteure propose l’utilisation d’objets métaphoriques pour favoriser l’expression d’évènements traumatiques. L’installation d’un cadre sécurisant et le choix des propositions créatives sont deux éléments essentiels dans ces modalités de travail.
IL-2 Modulates the TCR Signaling Threshold for CD8 but Not CD4 T Cell Proliferation on a Single-Cell Level
Authors: Au-Yeung Byron B. , Smith Geoffrey Alexander , Mueller James L. , Heyn Cheryl S. , Jaszczak Rebecca Garrett , Weiss Arthur , Zikherman Julie
Published: February 2017

Lymphocytes integrate Ag and cytokine receptor signals to make cell fate decisions. Using a specific reporter of TCR signaling that is insensitive to cytokine signaling, Nur77-eGFP, we identify a sharp, minimal threshold of cumulative TCR signaling required for proliferation in CD4 and CD8 T cells that is independent of both Ag concentration and affinity. Unexpectedly, IL-2 reduces this threshold in CD8 but not CD4 T cells, suggesting that integration of multiple mitogenic inputs may alter the minimal requirement for TCR signaling in CD8 T cells. Neither naive CD4 nor naive CD8 T cells are responsive to low doses of IL-2. We show that activated CD8 T cells become responsive to low doses of IL-2 more quickly than CD4 T cells, and propose that this relative delay in turn accounts for the differential effects of IL-2 on the minimal TCR signaling threshold for proliferation in these populations. In contrast to Nur77-eGFP, c-Myc protein expression integrates mitogenic signals downstream of both IL-2 and the TCR, yet marks an invariant minimal threshold of cumulative mitogenic stimulation required for cell division. Our work provides a conceptual framework for understanding the regulation of clonal expansion of CD8 T cells by subthreshold TCR signaling in the context of mitogenic IL-2 signals, thereby rendering CD8 T cells exquisitely dependent upon environmental cues. Conversely, CD4 T cell proliferation requires an invariant minimal intensity of TCR signaling that is not modulated by IL-2, thereby restricting responses to low-affinity or low-abundance self-antigens even in the context of an inflammatory milieu.
Serum miR-29a Is Upregulated in Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease and Activates Dendritic Cells through TLR Binding
Authors: Ranganathan Parvathi , Ngankeu Apollinaire , Zitzer Nina C. , Leoncini PierPaolo , Yu Xueyan , Casadei Lucia , Challagundla Kishore , Reichenbach Dawn K. , Garman Sabrina , Ruppert Amy S. , Volinia Stefano , Hofstetter Jessica , Efebera Yvonne A. , Devine Steven M. , Blazar Bruce R. , Fabbri Muller , Garzon Ramiro
Published: February 2017

Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) continues to be a frequent and devastating complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), posing as a significant barrier against the widespread use of HSCTs as a curative modality. Recent studies suggested serum/plasma microRNAs (miRs) may predict aGVHD onset. However, little is known about the functional role of circulating miRs in aGVHD. In this article, we show in two independent cohorts that miR-29a expression is significantly upregulated in the serum of allogeneic HSCT patients at aGVHD onset compared with non-aGVHD patients. Serum miR-29a is also elevated as early as 2 wk before time of diagnosis of aGVHD compared with time-matched control subjects. We demonstrate novel functional significance of serum miR-29a by showing that miR-29a binds and activates dendritic cells via TLR7 and TLR8, resulting in the activation of the NF-κB pathway and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6. Treatment with locked nucleic acid anti–miR-29a significantly improved survival in a mouse model of aGVHD while retaining graft-versus-leukemia effects, unveiling a novel therapeutic target in aGVHD treatment or prevention.
53BP1 Contributes to Igh Locus Chromatin Topology during Class Switch Recombination
Authors: Feldman Scott , Wuerffel Robert , Achour Ikbel , Wang Lili , Carpenter Phillip B. , Kenter Amy L.
Published: February 2017

In B lymphocytes, Ig class switch recombination (CSR) is induced by activation-induced cytidine deaminase, which initiates a cascade of events leading to DNA double-strand break formation in switch (S) regions. Resolution of DNA double-strand breaks proceeds through formation of S–S synaptic complexes. S–S synapsis is mediated by a chromatin loop that spans the C region domain of the Igh locus. S–S junctions are joined via a nonhomologous end joining DNA repair process. CSR occurs via an intrachromosomal looping out and deletion mechanism that is 53BP1 dependent. However, the mechanism by which 53BP1 facilitates deletional CSR and inhibits inversional switching events remains unknown. We report a novel architectural role for 53BP1 in Igh chromatin looping in mouse B cells. Long-range interactions between the Eμ and 3′Eα enhancers are significantly diminished in the absence of 53BP1. In contrast, germline transcript promoter:3′Eα looping interactions are unaffected by 53BP1 deficiency. Furthermore, 53BP1 chromatin occupancy at sites in the Igh locus is B cell specific, is correlated with histone H4 lysine 20 marks, and is subject to chromatin spreading. Thus, 53BP1 is required for three-dimensional organization of the Igh locus and provides a plausible explanation for the link with 53BP1 enforcement of deletional CSR.
Child’s Sensory Profile and Adult Playfulness as Predictors of Parental Self-Efficacy
Authors: Román-Oyola Rosa , Reynolds Stacey , Soto-Feliciano Ivonnellys , Cabrera-Mercader Laura , Vega-Santana Jessica
Published: February 2017

Parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may have difficulty engaging their children through play, thus affecting the parent–child relationship and parental self-efficacy. This study intended to examine children’s sensory profile and adults’ playfulness as predictors of parental self-efficacy. A total of 136 parents of children ages 3–7 yr completed the Short Sensory Profile, the Playfulness Scale for Adults, and the Tool to Measure Parenting Self-Efficacy. For the parental couples of children with ASD, the most relevant predictor of general parental self-efficacy was the child’s sensory profile. However, adult playfulness resulted in the most relevant predictor of emotional parental self-efficacy. Findings suggest the importance of considering play as a relevant co-occupation that must be acknowledged when intervening with families of children with ASD and considering the child’s sensory modulation abilities, as well as parents’ playfulness and sense of self-efficacy, as potential outcomes when designing and evaluating treatment programs.
The Educative Conversation of Imam Khomeini in Islamic Republic Victory
Authors: Farahzadi Amir
Published: February 2017

One of the most efficient weapons of dominators, was anonymity of dominated societies to continue to rule. In recent decades, there were high trying to make the third world societies in dream and make the people understood that they are dependent to other people and other societies. In Reza Khan Era, England country was idea maker in his rule in all dimensions of the country. So, his ruling method was formed based on England thought and idea and in hid son Era, some American policies were replaced. Mohammad Reza Shah, tried to advertise about the western culture, and he founded the country constructional system, on the basis of western structure. Imam Khomeini as the leader of Islamic Republic was informed about the policies of shah along changes at the aim of American purposes, therefore, he noted that the only way to challenge with Shah is rehabilitation of Islamic culture and removing the western culture and he has tried to get the people informed about the sensitive conditions and to rehabilitate the sense of confidence and independence as the Islamic value. This research aim is to present the idea of arrogance and anti-colonialism in orientation of public thoughts against Pahlavi Government.
Acondicionamiento de un Túnel de Viento para pruebas aerodinámicas y prácticas de laboratorio en la UNAH
Authors: Amaya Carias Omri Alberto , Betancourt Mendoza Ivan Vladimir
Published: February 2017

La finalidad de este artículo es examinar las condiciones en que se encuentra el túnel de viento existente en el Laboratorio de Máquinas Herramientas de la Facultad de Ingeniería de la UNAH. Se presenta un inventario detallado de las partes existentes y se propone la lista de las partes faltantes y la cotización de cada una de ellas. El túnel habilitado permitirá examinar a escala la interacción entre las superficies alares propias de las aeronaves modernas y el flujo de aire. La metodología utilizada se desarrolló en tres momentos: primero se hizo una revisión bibliográfica para definir los conceptos básicos de aerodinámica aplicables al vuelo de aeronaves y susceptibles de ser demostrados en un laboratorio; en un segundo momento, se recolectó información exhaustiva sobre las condiciones en las que se encuentra actualmente el túnel existente en UNAH; en un tercer momento, se establecieron los productos y conclusiones de la investigación. Se concluye que un túnel de viento activado, constituiría un recurso pedagógico importante para explicar principios teóricos de aerodinámica de muchas de las asignaturas impartidas en la UNAH; además, se considera factible la adecuación del artefacto existente o la compra de uno nuevo; en el segundo caso se recomienda que se adquiera un túnel automatizado. El presente trabajo inaugura una nueva línea de investigación aeronáutica en Honduras, para cuya profundización queda pendiente el diseño de un manual de prácticas de laboratorio que guíe el uso del Túnel de Viento de la UNAH una vez que este se encuentre funcionando.
Consideraciones sobre el marco regulatorio del peligro aviar en aeródromos de Honduras
Authors: Matamoros Alex , Torres Carlos Roberto
Published: February 2017

La finalidad del presente artículo es hacer una revisión del marco normativo del peligro de impacto con fauna silvestre en aeropuertos y aeródromos, en tres niveles: en lo que corresponde la OACI como encargada de la aplicación y modificaciones al Anexo 14, en lo relacionado con las autoridades nacionales a quienes corresponde la emisión de Reglamentos de Aeronáutica Civil para los aeropuertos del País y por último en lo quecompete a cada uno de los aeropuertos quienes planifican, gestionan y ejecutan la aplicación práctica de la mencionada reglamentación. La Metodología utilizada se desarrolló en dos momentos, en primer lugar se profundizo en algunos de los aspectos abordados en el artículo “Identificación de los factores de atracción de fauna silvestre en las proximidades del Aeropuerto Toncontín”(Matamoros, 2015); en segundo lugar, se hizo una revisión del Anexo 14 y de la normativa aplicable a la prevención del peligro aviar en la aeronáutica. Se puede considerar como el principal resultado el haber hecho una primera aproximación a la condición en la que se encontraba el uso de la normativa consultada en el Estado de Honduras por parte de la Agencia Hondureña de Aeronáutica Civil y la Concesionaria Inter Airports administradora de los cuatro aeropuertos internacionales de Honduras, al momento de hacer el presente estudio. Se destaca de las conclusiones el llamado a desarrollar un trabajo conjunto entre la Autoridad Aeronáutica como ente regulador, la Concesionaria Inter Airport como encargada de los aeropuertos internacionales de Honduras y la UNAH, a través del Departamento de Biología quienes actualmente están finalizando un diagnóstico de la presencia de fauna en el Aeropuerto Ramón Villeda Morales de San Pedro Sula.
The Concept of Sustainability in Contemporary Architecture and Its Significant Relationship with Vernacular Architecture of Iran
Authors: Loo Leila Damirchi , Mahdavinejad Mohammadjavad
Published: February 2017

The energy crisis in 1970s and environmental problems following that affected many human activities and caused the field of architectural design, as one of the factors contributing to the high consumption of energy, to face a difficult challenge. Hence, the issue of environmental protection, the need for future generations and enjoying free energies, proposed a new concept as "sustainability" in all sciences. According to the studies conducted, the principles of sustainable architecture have been partially met in many of our local and traditional buildings. The main aim of this study is to investigate the concept of sustainability and describe its relations with the vernacular architecture of Iran. In this regard, this study is supposed to give an appropriate response to the problems raised using library research and analytical-descriptive method; and finally by investigating and analysis of various specifications sustainable architecture, to provide design principles of sustainable architecture in the current era.
Cigarette Smoke Exposure relations, Consumption Fast Food, Soft Drink and Consumption Fried with Improved Blood Sugar Levels in Teens
Authors: Majid Ruslan , Hidayat Ali , Yuniar Nani , Sabilu Yusuf , Nalefo La
Published: February 2017

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a disorder caused by the body's hormone deficiency of insulin, glucose consequently continue to circulate in the bloodstream and difficult to penetrate the cell wall. Glucose is also called a simple sugar or monosaccharides result from the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fats. Methods used analytic survey with cross sectional study, and carried out at Senior High School 4 Kendari (SMAN 4). The results of Cigarette Smoke Exposure variables no association with increased blood sugar levels with Chi Square statistical analysis obtained by value = 0.55. Value> α = 0:05 means that the fast food consumption or significance value = 0.000 and α = 0:05. Value <α, it means that there is a relationship of fast food consumption.With increased blood sugar levels in adolescents and test values obtained relationship Ro = 0.69, soft drink consumption values obtained value or significance value = 0.000 and α = 0.05. Value < α, it means that there is a relationship of soft drink consumption with increased blood sugar levels in adolescents and test values obtained relationship Ro = 0.47 and fried food consumption values obtained value or significance value = 0.000 and α = 0.05. Value <α = 0.05 means that there is a connection with the consumption of fried foods increase blood sugar levels in adolescents and test values obtained relationship Ro = 0.66. It is expected to be considered by the government to ensure that policies for issuing business licenses and the public in order to selectively choose additional food menu primarily in adolescents in order to avoid the disease diabetes mellitus.
Mapping cortical mesoscopic networks of single spiking cortical or sub-cortical neurons
Authors: Xiao Dongsheng , Vanni Matthieu P , Mitelut Catalin C , Chan Allen W , LeDue Jeffrey M , Xie Yicheng , Chen Andrew CN , Swindale Nicholas V , Murphy Timothy H
Published: February 2017

Understanding the basis of brain function requires knowledge of cortical operations over wide-spatial scales, but also within the context of single neurons. In vivo, wide-field GCaMP imaging and sub-cortical/cortical cellular electrophysiology were used in mice to investigate relationships between spontaneous single neuron spiking and mesoscopic cortical activity. We make use of a rich set of cortical activity motifs that are present in spontaneous activity in anesthetized and awake animals. A mesoscale spike-triggered averaging procedure allowed the identification of motifs that are preferentially linked to individual spiking neurons by employing genetically targeted indicators of neuronal activity. Thalamic neurons predicted and reported specific cycles of wide-scale cortical inhibition/excitation. In contrast, spike-triggered maps derived from single cortical neurons yielded spatio-temporal maps expected for regional cortical consensus function. This approach can define network relationships between any point source of neuronal spiking and mesoscale cortical maps.
Payer Coverage Considerations for Alzheimer Disease Blood-Based Biomarker Tests
Authors: Deverka Patricia A. , Lin Grace A. , Phillips Kathryn A.
Published: September 2024

This Viewpoint discusses proactively preparing to make informed payer coverage decisions to help address current disparities in Alzheimer disease diagnosis and treatment.
Individual-Level Exposure to Residential Redlining in 1940 and Mortality Risk
Authors: Linde Sebastian , Egede Leonard E.
Published: September 2024

Importance

Historic redlining, the practice by the Home Owners’ Loan Corporation (HOLC) of systematically denying credit to borrowers in neighborhoods that were inhabited by primarily African American individuals, has been associated with poor community outcomes, but the association with individual risk of death is not clear.

Objective

To examine if exposure to residential redlining practices by HOLC in 1940 is associated with increased risk of death later in life.

Design, Setting, and Participants

The study linked individuals who resided within HOLC-graded neighborhoods (defined as Census Enumeration Districts) in 1940 with administrative death records data. The study estimated hazard ratios as well as age-specific life expectancy gaps (at age 55, 65, and 75 years) for HOLC grading exposure. This was done using methods that adapted standard parametric survival analysis to data with limited mortality coverage windows and incomplete observations of survivors. The analysis sample consisted of 961 719 individual-level observations across 13 912 enumeration districts within 30 of the largest US cities (based on 1940 population counts) across 23 states. Data were analyzed between December 1, 2023, and September 4, 2024.

Main Outcome and Measures

The exposure was HOLC grade based on historic HOLC maps, with A representing “best” or creditworthy areas; B, “still desirable”; C, “definitely declining”; and D, “hazardous” areas not worthy of credit (ie, redlined), and the main outcome was age at death from the Social Security Numident file.

Results

The 961 719-person individual sample had a mean (SD) age of 19.26 (9.26) years in 1940 and a mean (SD) age at death of 76.83 (9.22) years. In a model adjusted for sex (52.48% female; 47.52% male), race and ethnicity (7.36% African American; 92.64% White), and latent place effects, a 1-unit lower HOLC grade was associated with an 8% (hazard ratio, 1.08 [95% CI, 1.07-1.09]) increased risk of death. At age 65 years, these hazard differentials translated into an estimated life expectancy gap of −0.49 (95% CI, −0.56 to −0.43) years for each 1-unit decrease of the HOLC grade.

Conclusion

This study found that individuals who resided within redlined neighborhoods in 1940 had lower life expectancy later in life than individuals who resided within other HOLC-graded areas.
Redlining and Time to Viral Suppression Among Persons With HIV
Authors: Bassler John R. , Ostrenga Lauren , Levitan Emily B. , Kay Emma S. , Long Dustin M. , Mugavero Michael J. , Nassel Ariann F. , Parman Mariel , Tate Miya , Rana Aadia , Batey D. Scott
Published: September 2024

Importance

Structural racism in the US is evidenced in the discriminatory practice of historical racial redlining when neighborhoods were valued, in part, based on the community’s racial and ethnic compositions. However, the influence of these systemic practices in the context of the HIV epidemic is not well understood.

Objective

To assess the effect of redlining on time to viral suppression among people newly diagnosed with HIV.

Design, Setting, and Participants

Observational study that included individuals diagnosed with HIV from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2019, in New Orleans, Louisiana. At the time of their HIV diagnosis, these individuals lived in neighborhoods historically mapped by the Home Owners’ Loan Corporation (HOLC). The HOLC lending risk maps classified neighborhoods into 1 of 4 color-coded grades: A (best), B (still desirable), C (definitely declining), and D (hazardous).

Main Outcome and Measures

The primary outcome of interest was time to viral suppression (estimated as the time from the diagnosis date to the date of the first recorded viral load that was <200 copies/mL). Individual-level demographic factors were used to evaluate time to viral suppression along with a neighborhood measure of gentrification (based on US census tract–level characteristics for educational attainment, housing development and value, and household income) and a Cox gamma frailty model with census tract used as the frailty term.

Results

Of 1132 individuals newly diagnosed with HIV, 871 (76.9%) were men and 620 (54.8%) were 25 to 44 years of age. Of the 697 individuals living in historically redlined neighborhoods (HOLC grade D), 100 (14.6%) were living in neighborhoods that were gentrifying. The median time to viral suppression was 193 days (95% CI, 167-223 days) for persons with HIV living in redlined neighborhoods compared with 164 days (95% CI, 143-185 days) for the 435 persons with HIV living in HOLC grade A, B, or C (nonredlined) neighborhoods. Among persons with HIV living in gentrifying neighborhoods, those living in redlined neighborhoods had a longer time to viral suppression compared with persons living in nonredlined neighborhoods (hazard ratio, 0.54 [95% CI, 0.36-0.82]).

Conclusions and Relevance

These findings suggest the enduring effects of systemic racism on present-day health outcomes among persons with HIV. Regardless of their neighborhood’s contemporary level of gentrification, individuals diagnosed with HIV while living in historically redlined neighborhoods may experience a significantly longer time to viral suppression.
Risks of Expanded Medicare Coverage of Carotid Artery Stenting
Authors: Hicks Caitlin W. , Veith Frank J.
Published: September 2024

This Viewpoint describes the potential harms associated with increased coverage of carotid artery stenting by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services.
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Criminal Charges and Convictions in Mid and Late Adolescence
Authors: Blaabæk Ea Hoppe , Vigild Daniel Juhász , Elwert Felix , Fallesen Peter , Andersen Lars H.
Published: September 2024

Importance

Childhood exposure to mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is common. Individuals with a childhood history of mTBI experience more frequent criminal justice involvement in mid to late adolescence and adulthood. No study had been conducted to examine whether the link is causal or spurious.

Objective

To determine whether mTBI in childhood causes criminal justice involvement in mid to late adolescence.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cohort study used population-based data for all children born between 1995 and 2000 in Denmark, with data linked to emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations before age 10 years and all criminal charges and convictions from ages 15 to 20 years. The exposure group contained all individuals diagnosed with mTBI before age 10 years without other intracranial or extracranial injuries; the comparison group was individuals not diagnosed with mTBI or intracranial or extracranial injuries. Sibling and twin fixed-effects models were used to evaluate the association after controlling for family-level confounding. Data were analyzed from May 2021 to July 2024.

Exposures

Mild TBI before age 10 years without other intracranial or extracranial injuries before or at the time of diagnosis.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Associations between mTBI before age 10 years and criminal charges and convictions from ages 15 to 20 for the entire study population and separately by sex at birth, controlling for additional covariates.

Results

The final analytic sample consisted of 343 027 individuals, 13 514 in the exposure group and 329 513 in the comparison group. Of the total sample, 166 455 (49%) were female and 176 572 were male (51%). A total of 326 191 participants (95%) had at least 1 parent with Danish citizenship, and 79 386 mothers (23%) held a college degree. There was a positive association between mTBI and criminal charges (odds ratio [OR], 1.26; 95% CI, 1.19-1.34) and convictions (OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.16-1.33). When controlling for family-level confounding, the associations became statistically insignificant and, in most models, greatly reduced. Results were robust across multiple model specifications.

Conclusions and Relevance

This study found that although mTBI in childhood was predictive of adolescent criminal justice involvement, there was no evidence that mTBI caused criminal charges or convictions.
Exploring prognostic biomarkers in pathological images of colorectal cancer patients via deep learning
Authors: Wei Binshen , Li Linqing , Feng Yenan , Liu Sihan , Fu Peng , Tian Lin
Published: September 2024

Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) whole slide images provide valuable information for predicting prognostic outcomes in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. However, extracting prognostic indicators from pathological images is challenging due to the subtle complexities of phenotypic information. We trained a weakly supervised deep learning model on data from 640 CRC patients in the prostate, lung, colorectal, and ovarian (PLCO) cancer screening trial dataset and validated it using data from 522 CRC patients in the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) dataset. We created the colorectal cancer risk score (CRCRS) to assess patient prognosis, visualized the pathological phenotype of the risk score using Grad‐CAM, and employed multiomics data from the TCGA CRC cohort to investigate the potential biological mechanisms underlying the risk score. The overall survival analysis revealed that the CRCRS served as an independent prognostic indicator for both the PLCO cohort (p < 0.001) and the TCGA cohort (p < 0.001), with its predictive efficacy remaining unaffected by the clinical staging system. Additionally, satisfactory chemotherapeutic benefits were observed in stage II/III CRC patients with high CRCRS but not in those with low CRCRS. A pathomics nomogram constructed by integrating the CRCRS with the tumor‐node‐metastasis (TNM) staging system enhanced prognostic prediction accuracy compared with using the TNM staging system alone. Noteworthy features of the risk score were identified, such as immature tumor mesenchyme, disorganized gland structures, small clusters of cancer cells associated with unfavorable prognosis, and infiltrating inflammatory cells associated with favorable prognosis. The TCGA multiomics data revealed potential correlations between the CRCRS and the activation of energy production and metabolic pathways, the tumor immune microenvironment, and genetic mutations in APC, SMAD2, EEF1AKMT4, EPG5, and TANC1. In summary, our deep learning algorithm identified the CRCRS as a prognostic indicator in CRC, providing a significant approach for prognostic risk stratification and tailoring precise treatment strategies for individual patients.
Prevalence of Clinically Relevant Findings on Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Middle‐Aged Adults With Knee Pain and Suspected Meniscal Tear: A Follow‐Up
Authors: Waddell Lily M. , Opare‐Addo Maame B. , Shah Nehal , Jordan Kelly , Bisson Leslie J. , Irrgang James J. , Chen Antonia F. , Musbahi Omar , MacFarlane Lindsey A. , Jones Morgan H. , Selzer Faith , Katz Jeffrey N. , Smith Stacy E.
Published: September 2024

Objective

Radiographs are frequently obtained for patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA), with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reserved for those with complex KOA. There are few data on how often subsequent MRI reveals clinically actionable but unanticipated findings. The purpose of this study is to estimate the prevalence of these findings on MRI for patients managed nonoperatively for suspected meniscal tears.

Methods

The Treatment of Meniscal Problems and Osteoarthritis (TeMPO) study enrolled patients aged 45 to 85 years with knee pain, osteoarthritis (Kellgren–Lawrence [KL] grades 0–3), and suspected meniscal tear. We reviewed baseline MRI and recorded notable findings, including subchondral insufficiency fractures of the knee (SIFKs), avascular necrosis (AVN), tumors, and nonsubchondral fractures. Other baseline data included demographic characteristics, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, duration of knee symptoms, and KL grade.

Results

Study‐ordered MRI was performed on 760 patients, with 61 concerning findings identified (8.03%, 95% confidence interval 6.09%–9.96%). A total of 25 participants had SIFKs, 10 had nonsubchondral fractures, 4 had AVN, 8 had benign tumors, and 14 had other clinically relevant findings.

Conclusion

We estimated the prevalence of clinically relevant incidental findings on MRI to be 8.03% in middle‐aged adults with mild to moderate KOA and suspected meniscal tear. These data may prompt clinicians to be more aware of the range of findings that can underlie knee symptoms, some of which could change management but may require different modalities of imaging to detect. Future research is needed to pinpoint factors associated with these concerning findings so that patients who are at risk can be identified and referred for advanced imaging.
Isocyanurate‐Derivative Enables Highly Compatible Poly‐Dioxane Electrolyte for Dendrite‐Free Li Metal Batteries
Authors: Wang Peng , Liu Yaru , Cui Jie , Zhao Long , Li Dong , Du Yunfei , Li Hao
Published: September 2024

The Li+ transport kinetics and electrochemical stability of advanced solid‐state Li metal batteries (SLMBs) are seriously limited by the actual electrolyte compositions. Here, a novel polyether‐based electrolyte (PTGDOX) is presented through in situ co‐polymerization by integrating 1,3‐dioxane with a multifunctional 1,3,5‐triglycidyl isocyanurate additive. The isocyanurate group in PTGDOX not only provides abundant coordinating sites for Li+ transfer and restricts the movement of anions, but also prompts a beneficial inorganic‐rich solid electrolyte interface on the Li electrode. As a result, PTGDOX exhibits a remarkably increased ionic conductivity of 0.48 mS cm−1 at 30 °C and a reasonable Li‐ion transference number of 0.68, enabling the Li||Li symmetric cells to stably cycle for over 2000 h at 1 mAh cm−2. Meanwhile, the assembled Li||LiFePO4 exhibit a 97.4% capacity retention after 700 cycles at 3 C with excellent thermal stability. Moreover, PTGDOX also demonstrates excellent interfacial compatibility with high‐voltage LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathode. As such, this work provides a facile and accessible strategy for designing interface‐stable polymer electrolytes and achieving practical dendrite‐free SLMBs.
Formulating the Relationship Between Intermolecular Interactions and Photodynamic Effects Based on the Optical Regularity Exhibited by Rare Earth‐BODIPY Crystalline Frameworks System
Authors: Pan Jiachen , Jiang Xu , Gong Zhichao , Li Jichen , Du Xiaobing , Meng Shuxian
Published: September 2024

This research commenced with an exploration of how metal nodes in metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) influence photodynamic therapy (PDT) outcomes. Ultimately, it is revealed that intermolecular interactions are the core mechanism determining the optical properties and PDT efficacy of MOFs. An advanced system of MOFs based on the integration of twelve rare earth ions (RE3+) with boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY)‐derived ligands is reported. Intriguingly, this series of MOFs exhibits a reverse relationship between the radius of RE3+ and PDT efficacy. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analyses along with theoretical calculations indicate that varying RE3+ results in a spatial displacement of the ligands along the dipole direction, diminishing electrostatic (dipole–dipole) interactions while enhancing dispersion (π–π) interactions, thereby enhancing the generation of triplet excitons. Consequently, a novel parameter, Ae‐v = EvdW / Eint × 100%, is proposed to quantify the interplay between non‐radiative energy dissipation via electrostatic interactions and efficient energy utilization in generating singlet oxygen through dispersion interactions. Furthermore, with consistent acoustic sensitivity aligned with the sonoluminescence mechanism, RE‐DCBs are employed in sono‐photodynamic cancer therapy, attaining significant therapeutic results in tumor treatment during in vivo experiments.
Smart Implantable Hydrogel for Large Segmental Bone Regeneration
Authors: Li Menghan , Wu Haiping , Gao Ke , Wang Yubo , Hu Jiaqi , Guo Ziling , Hu Ruiwei , Zhang Mengxuan , Pang Xiaoxiao , Guo Minghui , Liu Yuanjie , Zhao Lina , He Wen , Ding Shijia , Li Wenyang , Cheng Wei
Published: September 2024

Large segmental bone defects often lead to nonunion and dysfunction, posing a significant challenge for clinicians. Inspired by the intrinsic bone defect repair logic of “vascularization and then osteogenesis”, this study originally reports a smart implantable hydrogel (PDS‐DC) with high mechanical properties, controllable scaffold degradation, and timing drug release that can proactively match different bone healing cycles to efficiently promote bone regeneration. The main scaffold of PDS‐DC consists of polyacrylamide, polydopamine, and silk fibroin, which endows it with superior interfacial adhesion, structural toughness, and mechanical stiffness. In particular, the adjustment of scaffold cross‐linking agent mixing ratio can effectively regulate the in vivo degradation rate of PDS‐DC and intelligently satisfy the requirements of different bone defect healing cycles. Ultimately, PDS hydrogel loaded with free desferrioxamine (DFO) and CaCO3 mineralized ZIF‐90 loaded bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (BMP‐2) to stimulate efficient angiogenesis and osteogenesis. Notably, DFO is released rapidly by free diffusion, whereas BMP‐2 is released slowly by pH‐dependent layer‐by‐layer disintegration, resulting in a significant difference in release time, thus matching the intrinsic logic of bone defect repair. In vivo and in vitro results confirm that PDS‐DC can effectively realize high‐quality bone generation and intelligently regulate to adapt to different demands of bone defects.
Conjugated Polymer‐Based Photo‐Crosslinker for Efficient Photo‐Patterning of Polymer Semiconductors
Authors: Xue Xiang , Li Cheng , Zhou Qi , Yu Xiaobo , Gao Chenying , Chenchai Kaiyuan , Liao Junchao , Shangguan Zhichun , Zhang Xisha , Zhang Guanxin , Zhang Deqing
Published: September 2024

Photo‐patterning of polymer semiconductors using photo‐crosslinkers has shown potential for organic circuit fabrication via solution processing techniques. However, the performance of patterning, including resolution (R), UV light exposure dose, sensitivity (S), and contrast (γ), remains unsatisfactory. In this study, a novel conjugated polymer based photo‐crosslinker (PN3, Figure 1a) is reported for the first time, which entails phenyl‐substituted azide groups in its side chains. Due to the potential π–π interactions between the conjugated backbone of PN3 and those of polymer semiconductors, PN3 exhibits superior miscibility with polymer semiconductors compared to the commonly used small molecule photo‐crosslinker 4Bx (Figure 1a). Consequently, photo‐patterning of polymer semiconductors with PN3 demonstrates improved performance with much lower UV light exposure dose, higher S and higher γ compared to 4Bx. By utilizing electron beam lithography, patterned arrays of polymer semiconductors with resolutions down to 500 nm and clearer edges are successfully fabricated using PN3. Furthermore, patterned arrays of PDPP4T, the p‐type semiconductor (Figure 1b), after being doped, can function as source‐drain electrodes for fabricating field‐effect transistors (FETs) with comparable charge mobility and significantly lower sub‐threshold swing value compared to those with gold electrodes.
Molecular Engineering of Poly(Ionic Liquid) for Direct and Continuous Production of Pure Formic Acid from Flue Gas
Authors: Li Geng , Zhang Chengyi , Liu Yong , Song Yun , Guo Weihua , Huang Libei , Su Jianjun , Zhang Qiang , Xin Yinger , Feng Tanglue , Cao Xiaohu , He Mingming , Kwok Tsz Kin , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Jin Zhong , Tang Ben Zhong , Wang Ziyun , Ye Ruquan
Published: September 2024

Electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) offers a promising approach to close the carbon cycle and reduce reliance on fossil fuels. However, traditional decoupled CO2RR processes involve energy‐intensive CO2 capture, conversion, and product separation, which increases operational costs. Here, we report the development of a bismuth‐poly(ionic liquid) (Bi‐PIL) hybrid catalyst that exhibits exceptional electrocatalytic performance for CO2 conversion to formate. The Bi‐PIL catalyst achieves over 90% Faradaic efficiency for formate over a wide potential range, even at low 15% v/v CO2 concentrations typical of industrial flue gas. The biphenyl in PIL backbone affords hydrophobicity while maintaining high ionic conductivity, effectively mitigating the flooding issues. The PIL layer plays a crucial role as a CO2 concentrator and co‐catalyst that accelerates the CO2RR kinetics. Furthermore, we demonstrate the potential of Bi‐PIL catalysts in a solid‐state electrolyte (SSE) electrolyzer for the continuous and direct production of pure formic acid solutions from flue gas. Techno‐economic analysis suggests that this integrated process can produce formic acid at a significantly reduced cost compared to the traditional decoupled approaches. This work presents a promising strategy to overcome the challenges associated with low‐concentration CO2 utilization and streamline the production of valuable liquid fuels and chemicals from CO2.
The Origin of Rapid Capacity Loss in 1,1,1‐Trifluoroethyl Methyl Carbonate – Based Lithium‐Ion Battery Electrolytes
Authors: Gebert Florian , Gogoi Neeha , Siriwardena Dumindu P. , Naylor Andrew J.
Published: September 2024

1,1,1‐trifluoroethyl methyl carbonate (FEMC) is a popular non‐flammable solvent for lithium‐ion battery electrolytes, although its high irreversible capacity means it can only be used with film‐forming additives like fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC). This work studies the origin of the high irreversible capacity of FEMC‐containing cells. Scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy of graphite anodes after charging and discharging in an FEMC electrolyte show evidence of significant physical and chemical graphite degradation, likely caused by solvent co‐intercalation, which is probably responsible for a large portion of the capacity loss. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of the anodes shows very low graphite signals, a sign of graphite degradation, formation of a thick solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), or both. When a small amount of FEC is added to FEMC, co‐intercalation does not occur. FEC reduction occurs at a higher potential versus Li/Li+ than FEMC co‐intercalation. It also forms a significantly different and thinner SEI containing more carbon, less fluorine, and no apparent FEMC decomposition products.
Advancing the Coupling of III–V Quantum Dots to Photonic Structures to Shape Their Emission Diagram
Authors: Bossavit Erwan , Yeromina Oleksandra , Mastrippolito Dario , Cavallo Mariarosa , Zhang Huichen , Gemo Tommaso , Colle Albin , Khalili Adrien , Shcherbakov Andrei , Nguyen Lam Do , Abadie Claire , Dandeu Erwan , Silly Mathieu G. , Gallas Bruno , Pierucci Debora , Degiron Aloyse , Reiss Peter , Lhuillier Emmanuel
Published: September 2024

The development of optoelectronic devices based on III–V semiconductor colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) is highly sought after due to their reduced toxicity. While devices based on conventional CQDs (II–VI semiconductors, halide perovskites) have achieved impressive technological leaps since their discovery, the most mature of these compounds contain toxic heavy metal elements (Cd, Hg, or Pb), which are highly undesirable for safe industrial scale applications. The strong covalent bonds of III–V compounds like InP, InAs, or InSb prevent the release of their toxic atoms, making them safer. However, these same bonds create severe material constraints. Namely, their harsher reaction conditions and increased sensitivity to oxidation have kept most of the research focused on material development. Meanwhile, their integration into devices and their coupling to photonic structures lag behind. Here, the integration of InAs/ZnSe core‐shell CQDs is advanced. First, the material parameters necessary to design plasmonic gratings coupled to the CQDs are elucidated and those gratings are fabricated. Angle‐resolved spectroscopy shows that the plasmon modes successfully couple to the CQD layer's emission leading to a tunable directivity with a 15° linewidth. A 3‐fold increase of the PL signal is achieved at normal incidence, thus advancing toward the goal of efficient outcoupling in LEDs.
Exercise Induced Endothelial Mesenchymal Transition (EndMT) Facilitates Meniscal Fibrocartilage Regeneration
Authors: Yan Wenqiang , Wu Haoda , Wu Yue , Gao Zeyuan , Li Zong , Zhao Fengyuan , Cao Chenxi , Wang Jianquan , Cheng Jin , Hu Xiaoqing , Ao Yingfang
Published: September 2024

The meniscus is a semilunar wedge‐shaped fibrocartilage tissue within the knee joint that is important for withstanding mechanical shock during joint motion. The intrinsic healing capacity of meniscus tissue is very limited, which makes meniscectomy the primary treatment method in the clinic. An effective translational strategy for regenerating the meniscus after total or subtotal meniscectomy, particularly for extensive meniscal lesions or degeneration, is yet to be developed. The present study demonstrates that the endothelial mesenchymal transition (EndMT) contributes to meniscal regeneration. The mechanical stimulus facilitated EndMT by activating TGF‐β2 signaling. A handheld bioprinter system to intraoperatively fabricate a porous meniscus scaffold according to the resected meniscus tissue is developed; this can simplify the scaffold fabrication procedure and period. The transplantation of a porous meniscus scaffold combined with a postoperative regular exercise stimulus facilitated the regeneration of anisotropic meniscal fibrocartilaginous tissue and protected the joint cartilage from degeneration in an ovine subtotal meniscectomy model. Single‐cell RNA sequencing and immunofluorescence co‐staining analyses further confirmed the occurrence of EndMT during meniscal regeneration. EndMT‐transformed cells gave rise to fibrochondrocytes, subsequently contributing to meniscal fibrocartilage regeneration. Thus, an efficient translational strategy to facilitate meniscal regeneration is developed.
Driving Wi‐Fi IoT Sensors by a Hybrid Magneto‐Mechano‐Electric Energy Generator Extracting a Power of over 50 mW
Authors: Lee Seungah , Baek Chang Min , Kim Gang Hyeon , Pattipaka Srinivas , Song Hyunseok , Jang Jongmoon , Hwang Geon‐Tae , Ryu Jungho
Published: September 2024

Energy harvesting technology is mainly used as a power source for driving Internet of Things (IoT) devices. However, the output power of conventional harvesting devices are limited, suitable only for low‐power‐consumption IoT sensors based on Bluetooth communication. In contrast to Bluetooth, wireless fidelity (Wi‐Fi) communication offers superior real‐time monitoring and transmission capabilities, but requires more power in the range of hundreds of milliwatts or higher. Therefore, the hybridization of three energy conversion devices, namely, piezoelectric magneto‐mechano‐electric (MME) generator, electromagnetic (EM) induction coil, and triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is proposed as a standalone power source for Wi‐Fi communication sensors. By integrating these three mechanisms, the hybrid MME energy harvester can achieve an output power exceeding 50 mW at the second harmonic resonance condition under the alternating current (AC) magnetic field of 10 Oe. Furthermore, it can successfully drive the Wi‐Fi sensor, enabling continuous real‐time monitoring without the degradation of charged power in a supercapacitor. These results highlight that energy harvesting technology is not limited to low‐power devices but can also be applied to Wi‐Fi communication sensors and beyond.
NIR‐I Activated Orthogonal NIR‐IIb/c Emissions in a Lanthanide‐Doped Nanoparticle for Fluorescence Imaging and Information Encryption
Authors: Li Qiqing , Huang Yuanping , Zhu Haoyu , Zhu Yaqi , Yi Yuexi , Li Xiaodan , Chen Haoran , Li Bin , Li Dabing , Chang Yulei
Published: September 2024

Applying the orthogonal principle for distinguishable second near‐infrared (NIR‐II) emissions has brought new dimensions for ratio fluorescence imaging (RFI) detection and information encryption, deepening the tissue detection depth and improving signal‐to‐noise ratio and information security. However, the orthogonal NIR‐II emissions underlying these advanced optical applications have been reported only in heterogeneous structures and mixtures, limiting their practicality and potential impact. Herein, NIR‐I‐activated orthogonal NIR‐IIb/c (1530/1825 nm) emissions nanoparticles (ONNPs) are developed by spatially separated doping of Tm3+ and Er3+ emitter upon switching 808 and 980 nm excitations. RFI techniques and orthogonal NIR‐II emission ONNPs are used to demonstrate vessel depth detection based on wavelength‐dependent optical attenuation properties in tissue. The superiority of the optical coding and encoding process in a 4 × 1 binary matrix is demonstrated for anticounterfeiting and decryption imaging of quick‐response (QR) code for information storage. The research progress of this NIR‐II orthogonal emissions probe will drive the development of biomedical sensing, imaging safety, and future biophotonics technologies.
Nanosecond Magneto‐Ionic Control of Magnetism Using a Resistive Switching HfO2 Gate Oxide
Authors: Jeong Jimin , Park Yeon Su , Kang Min‐Gu , Park Byong‐Guk
Published: September 2024

Voltage‐controlled magnetism (VCM) offers an efficient operating method for various spintronic applications, with reduced power consumption compared to conventional current‐driven technologies. Among the VCM mechanisms, magneto‐ionic control provides large modulation and non‐volatile characteristics. However, its operating speed is limited to a microsecond timescale due to slow ion migration, which must be improved for practical device applications. Here, the nanosecond operation of magneto‐ionic VCM in a Ta/CoFeB/MgO/AlOx structure by introducing an HfO2 gate oxide with resistive switching characteristics is demonstrated. By inducing soft breakdown in the HfO2 gate oxide, the coercivity of the perpendicularly magnetized CoFeB can be controlled by 20% with a 20 ns gate voltage of ≈7 MV cm−1. This nanosecond magneto‐ionic VCM performance is maintained after repeated operations up to 10 000 cycles. Further, by utilizing an HfO2 gate in a spin‐orbit torque (SOT) device, the ability to control field‐free SOT switching polarity with nanosecond gate voltages is demonstrated. These findings provide a novel pathway to realize nanosecond, non‐volatile VCM for low‐power spintronic applications.