bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Survey on Simulation and Vulnerability Testing in Smart Grid
Authors: Banik Shampa , Banik Trapa
Published: February 2024

The rapid integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is transforming the traditional electrical grid into a {\em Smart Grid}. Smart grids enable two-way communication and improved monitoring and control between utilities and customers. However, due to its heterogeneous nature, public exposure, and weak security at low-powered devices, the Smart Grid has vulnerabilities to various malicious threats, adversaries, and cyber attacks, which may affect cost and service availability. Additionally, when the systems' confidentiality, integrity, or availability are compromised, the resulting fallout can threaten national security and have cascading effects on human lives. Given the extreme consequences of an attack, smart-grid technology must be thoroughly tested for correct operation and security {\em before} it is deployed. As a result, vulnerability testing of smart grids, not only for correctness but for security purposes, has been the subject of numerous studies by academics, government agencies, and private companies. This paper reviews the vulnerabilities associated with the smart grid and spotlights simulation as the vulnerability testing methodology conducted in recent pertinent research works. It also presents various security aspects of the smart grid, including grid applications, system and network infrastructure and components, cyber threats and attacks, simulation, and different mitigation techniques. Finally, we analyze the gaps in the current research works, focusing on simulation. We briefly present a real-time simulation testbed that mimics customer behaviour and integrates hardware in the loop to apply attack methods, analyze vulnerabilities and risk mitigation associated with the smart grid system, and propose future work to improve the current framework.
Ismail’s Ratio Conquers New Horizons the Non-stationary M/D/1 Queue’s State Variable Closed Form Expression
Authors: A Mageed Dr Ismail
Published: February 2024

This paper investigates the search for an exact analytic solution to a temporal first-order differential equation that represents the number of customers in a non-stationary or time-varying
Developing a New ANN Model to Estimate Daily Actual Evapotranspiration Using Limited Climatic Data and Remote Sensing Techniques
Authors: Karahan Halil , Çetin Mahmut , Can Müge Erkan , Alsenjar Omar
Published: February 2024

Accurate estimations of actual evapotranspiration (ETa) are fundamental for various environmental issues. Artificial Intelligence-based models are considered a promising alternative to the most common direct ETa estimation techniques and indirect methods by remote sensing (RS)-based surface energy balance models. Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) are proven to be suitable for predicting reference evapotranspiration and ETa based on RS data. The aim of this study is to develop a methodology based on ANNs for estimating daily ETa values using NDVI and land surface temperature, coupled with limited site-specific climatic variables at a large irrigation catchment. Two scenarios were implemented by the ANN model. Data from only the 38 days of satellite overpass dates was selected in Scenario-I, while the 769-day data included the satellite overpass dates and other days located between two satellite overpass acquisitions in Scenario-II. An irrigation scheme in the Mediterranean region of Turkiye was selected, and a total of 38 Landsat images, and local climatic data were used in 2021 and 2022. Results showed that R2 values in Scenario-I and II were acknowledgeably high for training (0.79 and 0.86), testing (0.75 and 0.81), and the entire dataset (0.76 and 0.84), respectively. Results of the new model in two scenarios showed acceptable agreement with ETa-METRIC values. The proposed ANN model demonstrated the potential of obtaining daily ETa using limited climatic data and RS imagery.
Recent Developments of Fluorescence Sensors Constructed from Pillar[n]arene-based Supramolecular Architectures Containing Metal Coordination Sites
Authors: Li Xu , Jin Yan , Yin Jinghua , Zhu Nansong , Jin Long Yi
Published: February 2024

The field of fluorescence sensing, leveraging various supramolecular self-assembled architectures constructed from macrocyclic pillar[n]arenes, has seen significant advancement in recent decades. This review comprehensively discusses, for the first time, the recent innovations in the synthesis and self-assembly of pillar[n]arene-based supramolecular architectures (PSAs) containing metal coordination sites, along with their practical applications and prospects in fluorescence sensing. Integrating hydrophobic and electron-rich cavities of pillar[n]arenes into these supramolecular structures endow the entire system with self-assembly behavior and stimulus responsiveness. Employing the host–guest interaction strategy coupled with complementary coordination forces, PSAs exhibiting both intelligent and controllable properties are successfully constructed. This provides a broad horizon for advancing fluorescence sensors capable of detecting environmental pollutants. This review aims to establish a solid foundation for the future development of fluorescence sensing applications utilizing PSAs. Additionally, current challenges and future perspectives in this field are discussed.
The P2X7 Hypothesis of Central Post-Stroke Pain: Modulations of P2X7 Receptors Influence Central Post-Stroke Pain Regarding Behaviors, Electrophysiological Activity, and Molecular Expression in Mice
Authors: Huang Andrew Chih-Wei , Shih Hsi Chien , Shyu Bai Chuang
Published: February 2024

Whether and how P2X7 receptor knockout (KO) modulates central post-stroke pain (CPSP) induced by lesions of the ventrobasal complex (VBC) of the thalamus regarding behavioral, molecular, and electrical recording parameters remains unclear. Following the experimental protocols of a rat hemorrhage CPSP model, the VBC of the thalamus of wild-type and P2X7 receptor KO mice was injected with 10 mU/0.2 μl type IV collagenase to produce an animal model of stroke-like thalamic hemorrhage. Behavioral data showed that the CPSP group induced thermal and mechanical pain, while the P2X7 receptor KO group showed reduced thermal and mechanical pain behaviors. Molecular assessments revealed that the CPSP group had lower expression of NeuN and KCC2 and higher expression of GFAP, IBA1, and BDNF. The P2X7 KO group showed lower expression of GFAP, IBA1, and BDNF and higher expression of KCC2 than the CPSP group. The expression of NKCC1, GABAa receptor, and TrkB did not differ significantly between the control, CPSP, and P2X7 receptor KO groups. Muscimol application increased multiunit numbers and [Cl-] influx in the membrane in the CPSP group, while P2X7 receptor KO reduced multiunit activity and [Cl-] outflux. P2X4 receptor expression was significantly decreased in the 100 kb but not the 50 kb site in the P2X7 receptor KO group. Altogether, the P2X7 hypothesis of CPSP was proposed, wherein P2X7 receptor KO changed the CPSP pain behavior, numbers of astrocytes and microglia, CSD amplitude of the anterior cingulate cortex and the medial dorsal thalamus, BDNF and KCC2 expression, [Cl-], and P2X4 activation in 100 kb with P2X7 receptors. The present findings have implications for the clinical treatment of CPSP symptoms.
The Predictors of Perceived Barriers and Facilitators of Applying Sepsis Six Guidelines Among Critical Care Nurses
Authors: *Bani Hamad Dania , Rababa Mohammad , Tanash Mu’ath , Abu Ali Raeda
Published: February 2024

Keywords: Barriers; Facilitators; Sepsis; Sepsis Six Guidelines; Nurses.
Network Based Method for Time Series Clustering
Authors: Zhang Xiaolei , Liu Qun , Li Qi , Wang Dehui
Published: February 2024

Time series clustering is a prominent research area with broad applications. In light of the complexity and diversity of modern time series data, we propose a network-based method for time series clustering analysis. Firstly, we introduce a novel approach to construct networks from time series by segmenting them into non-overlapping equal-length segments and considering the correlations between them. This improved method effectively captures the potential patterns within the time series while reducing the node count compared to the overlapping segmentation method. Secondly, we develop a new clustering technique based on spectral theory of graph for analyzing time series data. By separately considering the correlation of both overlapping and non-overlapping segments, we transform the time series data into networks. Subsequently, inter-network dissimilarity measure on spectrum along with hierarchical clustering algorithm are sequentially applied to identify distinct clusters. To evaluate the performance of our method, we conduct simulation studies involving stationary and nonstationary, linear and nonlinear time series, as well as case studies using real-world datasets. The results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of our network-based clustering approach. The methodology exhibits the capability in handling highly correlated and nonlinear data, as well as discerning both trend and seasonal components.
Study Protocol of “Exploring the Interplay between Family Responsibilities, Personal Vulnerabilities, and Motivational Theories in the Publishing Endeavours of Women Scholars: A Qualitative Evidence Synthesis”
Authors: Costa King , Brown Benevolent , Tebogo Pule , Parker Gail, Denise , Thusi Nisi
Published: February 2024

Introduction: The academic landscape is increasingly recognizing the complex interplay of personal and professional responsibilities on scholarly productivity. For women scholars, particularly those with significant parenting duties, this balance is even more precarious. This study aims to explore how family responsibilities, personal vulnerabilities, and motivational theories such as Imposter Syndrome and Self-Determination Theory (SDT) influence the motivation to publish scholarly work. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for developing supportive mechanisms that can enhance academic productivity and personal fulfilment. Methods: Utilizing a Qualitative Evidence Synthesis (QES) framework, this study will systematically review and synthesize qualitative research on women scholars' experiences in academia, focusing on the challenges and motivators related to publishing. Data sources will include academic databases, grey literature, and first-hand narratives. Thematic analysis will be employed to identify key themes and patterns across the collected data. Results/Findings: Preliminary findings suggest that the dual demands of parenting—especially in extreme cases such as assuming responsibility for seven children—and academic work significantly impact women scholars' publishing activities. Personal vulnerabilities, including imposter syndrome and low self-efficacy, further exacerbate these challenges. However, the data also highlight resilience strategies and the potential for intrinsic and extrinsic motivational factors to mitigate these effects. Discussion: The study underscores the nuanced impact of familial and personal factors on academic motivation. The preliminary findings suggest that addressing imposter syndrome and enhancing self-determination could be pivotal in supporting women scholars. The role of institutional policies and academic culture in either exacerbating or alleviating these challenges is also discussed. Significance: By elucidating the specific challenges and motivators for women scholars in publishing, this study will contribute to the development of targeted interventions and policies that support work-life integration and promote academic productivity. The insights that will be gained could inform mentorship programs, institutional support systems, and policy reforms aimed at fostering a more inclusive and supportive academic environment.
Cancer-associated Systemic Abnormality: A Novel Marker Panel for Early-stage Breast Cancer Characterization
Authors: Schreier Stefan , Budchart Prapaphan , Borwornpinyo Suparerk , Adireklarpwong Lakkana , Chirappapha Prakasit , Triampo Wannapong , Lertsithichai Panuwat
Published: February 2024

Background: Circulating rare cells participate in breast cancer evolution as systemic components of the disease and thus, are a source of theranostic information. Exploration of cancer-associated rare cells is in its infancy. We determined the validity of a rare-cell detection platform and demonstrated the usefulness of a certain rare cell subset as a novel approach to characterize the breast cancer system. Methods: Linearity of the Rarmax® platform was established using a spike-in approach. The platform includes red blood cell lysis, leukocyte depletion and high-resolution fluorescence image recording. Rare cell analysis was conducted on 28 samples (before and after surgery) from 14 patients with breast cancer, 20 healthy volunteers and 9 non-cancer control volunteers. In-depth identification of rare cells, including circulating tumor cells, endothelial-like cells, erythroblasts and inflammation-associated cells, was performed using a phenotype and morphology-based classification system. Results: The platform performed linearly over a range of 5-950 spiked cells, with an average recovery of 84.6%. Circulating epithelial and endothelial-like cell subsets have been demonstrated to be associated with or independent of cancer with tumor presence. Furthermore, certain cell patterns may be associated with treatment-related adverse effects. The sensitivity in detecting tumor-presence and cancer-associated abnormality before surgery was 50% and 85.7%, respectively and the specificity was 100% and 96.6%, respectively. Conclusion: The present study supports the idea of a cancer-associated rare cell abnormality to represent tumor entities as well as systemic cancer. The latter is independent of the apparent clinical cancer.
The Post–Quasi–Static Approximation: An Analytical Approach to Gravitational Collapse
Authors: Herrera Luis , Prisco Alicia Di , Ospino Justo
Published: February 2024

A semi–numerical approach proposed many years ago for describing gravitational collapse in the post–quasi–static approximation , , , , is modified in order to avoid the numerical integration of the basic differential equations the approach is based upon. For doing that we have to impose some restrictions on the fluid distribution. More specifically, we shall assume the vanishing complexity factor condition, which allows for analytical integration of the pertinent differential equations and leads to physically interesting models. Instead, we show that neither the homologous nor the quasi–homologous evolution are acceptable since they lead to geodesic fluids, which are unsuitable for being described in the post–quasi–static approximation. Also, we prove that, within this approximation, adiabatic evolution also leads to geodesic fluids and therefore we shall consider exclusively dissipative systems. Besides the vanishing complexity factor condition, additional information is required for a full description of models. We shall propose different strategies for obtaining such an information, which are based on observables quantities (e.g. luminosity and redshift), and/or heuristic mathematical ansatz. To illustrate the method, we present two models. One model is inspired in the well known Schwarzschild interior solution, and another one is inspired in Tolman VI solution.
Surgical treatment for Simple Isolated and Displaced Olecranon Fractures: comparison between plate and Tension Band Wire Fixation
Authors: Giardina Serena Maria Chiara , Testa Gianluca , Cuffaro Enrica Rosalia , Castiglione Mirko Domenico , Sapienza Marco , Caldaci Alessia , Cosentino Pierluigi , Raffa Angelo , Pavone Vito
Published: February 2024

Background: Olecranon fractures are common injuries of the upper limb in adults. Simple dis-placed trasverse fractures are generally surgically treated with tension-band wiring (TBW) or plate fixation (PF). The purpose of this retrospective study is to compare the clinical-functional outcome, complications and reoperation rates between TBW and PF for Mayo IIA fractures. Methods: 72 patients treated with PF or TBW at our institution, completed our survey and clinical evaluation and their demographic and clinical data were recorded and analysed. The clini-cal-functional outcomes were evaluated assessing ROMs and three validated scoring systems: the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH), the Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS) and the Patient American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Standardized Elbow Assess-ment score (pASES-e). Results: 38 patients (53%) underwent TBW and 34 (47%) PF. The mean DASH, MEPS and pASES-e scores were respectively 14.5±17.2, 80.5±14.7 and 83.6±12.4 in the TBW group and 21±21.7, 75.6±15.3 and 75.1±19.2 in the PF group (p=0.16, p=0.17 and p=0.03). The mean duration of surgery and hospitalisation period were longer in the PF group (p=0.002, p=0.37) whereas the complication and reoperation rates were higher after TBW (p=0.15, p=0.24). Conclusion: According to the literature, both TBW and PF resulted comparable valid surgical op-tions for the treatment of simple isolated displaced olecranon fractures, revealing that they both provide good/excellent outcomes with no significant differences.
SFT For Improved Text-to-SQL Translation
Authors: Agrahari Ankit , Ojha Puneet Kumar , Gautam Abhishek , Singh Parikshit
Published: February 2024

Large Language Models (LLMs) have proved significant proficiency when comes to code generation especially in Structured Query Language (SQL) for databases and recent successful Text-to-SQL method involves fine-tuning pre-trained LLMs for SQL generation tasks. Transforming natural language text into SQL queries, has been attempted to solve with various learning techniques including Few-shot learning[1], fine tuning. In this paper we propose Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) as a better alternative for learning technique for text-to-SQL generation task using Code-Llama that pushes state of art accuracy on spider test suite to 89.6% on dev set which represent first instance of surpassing the earlier best-in-class with 5.5% higher score and 86.8% of exact match accuracy on dev set. Furthermore, we demonstrate that properly prompted LLM along with SFT provides far fewer hallucinations and much more robust LLM that can be used as a general tool for any text-to-SQL generation use case.
Investigating the Inhibitory Potential of Amentoflavone against HIV-1 Protease: A Molecular Docking Study
Authors: Ferrari Ivan Vito
Published: February 2024

This study investigates the potential of natural compounds against HIV-1 protease, a critical enzyme in the replication cycle of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). HIV-1 protease is essential for cleaving large precursor proteins into smaller functional proteins necessary for viral maturation and infectivity. Protease inhibitors, specifically targeting HIV-1 protease, effectively suppress viral replication, aiding in the management of HIV infection. Using the SWISS DOCK Server, several natural compounds were investigated for their potential as inhibitors of HIV-1 protease. Docking results revealed that Amentoflavone showed excellent binding affinity with high Estimated ΔG values, suggesting its potential as an inhibitor of HIV-1 protease. Additionally, Amentoflavone exhibited similar promising results when tested against Roussarcoma virus protease. These findings indicate the potential of Amentoflavone as a natural compound against HIV and warrant further investigation into its therapeutic applications.
Exploring Extracellular Matrix Crosslinking as a Therapeutic Approach to Fibrosis
Authors: Lloyd Sarah , He Yupeng
Published: February 2024

The extracellular matrix (ECM) provides structural support for tissues and regulatory signals for resident cells. ECM requires a careful balance between protein accumulation and degradation for homeostasis. Disruption of this balance can lead to pathological processes such as fibrosis in organs across the body. Post-translational crosslinking modifications to ECM proteins such as collagens alter ECM structure and function. Dysregulation of crosslinking enzymes as well as changes in crosslinking composition are prevalent in fibrosis. Because of the crucial roles that ECM crosslinking pathways play in disease, the enzymes that govern crosslinking events are being explored as therapeutic targets for fibrosis. Here we review in-depth the molecular mechanisms underlying ECM crosslinking, how ECM crosslinking contributes to fibrosis, and therapeutic strategies being explored to target ECM crosslinking in fibrosis to restore normal tissue structure and function.
Combining Sentinel 2A Timeseries, Lidar Data and Archaeological Prospection for the Study of Ancient Roads and Poblational Pattern in Right Side of Guadalén River, (Vilches, Spain)
Authors: Ortiz Villarejo Antonio J. , Gutiérrez Luis M.
Published: February 2024

This paper shows the firsts results of a methodological approach in which Remote Sensing technologies (Satellite imagery and LiDAR) combined with Least Cost Path algorithm on GIS are being tested like tools to overcome locally-based interpretations about populational patterns and communication routes during Flavian municipality in the Comarca de El Condado region. The identification of fourteen hypothetical communication routes between already known archaeological sites thanks to a recent archaeological prospection, and the confirmation of three sections of them and a new archaeological site demonstrate that the combined use of the aforementioned technics has a very useful to delve more deeply, more widely and at a variety of different scales into the relation between the twelve known/selected Early Roman Empire sites and the surrounding landscape in the right bank of Guadalén River. It is expected that, in next phases, this methodological approach will allow us to go deeper in analysing and understanding spatial distribution, exploitation, and interrelation between different Early Roman Empire sites, helping us to fill the aforementioned gaps in our understanding of the archaeological continuum in the region reducing time and costs.
Novel Approach to Study Soft α-Open Sets and Its Applications via Fuzzy Soft Topologies
Authors: Taha Islam , Alqurashi Wafa
Published: February 2024

In this manuscript, we first introduce some properties of r-fuzzy soft α-open sets in fuzzy soft topological spaces based on the manuscript Aygunoglu et al. (Hacet. J. Math. Stat. 2014, 43, 193-208). In addition, we define the concepts of fuzzy soft α-closure (α-interior) operators, and investigate some properties of them. Furthermore, the concept of r-fuzzy soft α-connected sets is defined and characterized with help of fuzzy soft α-closure operators. Thereafter, we introduce and study the concepts of fuzzy soft almost (weakly) α-continuous mappings, which are weaker forms of fuzzy soft α-continuous mappings, and we discuss some properties of fuzzy soft α-continuity. Moreover, we establish that fuzzy soft α-continuity → fuzzy soft almost α-continuity → fuzzy soft weakly α-continuity, but the converse may not be true. It is also we show that the composition is fuzzy soft almost α-continuous mapping if, is fuzzy soft α-continuous mapping and is fuzzy soft almost continuous mapping. Finally, some new types of compactness via r-fuzzy soft α-open sets are defined, and the relationships between them are examined.
Fruit crop species for agrivoltaic systems: state of the art
Authors: Magarelli Andrea , Mazzeo Andrea , Ferrara Giuseppe
Published: February 2024

This review explores the combination of renewable energy production and agriculture through agrivoltaic, with a focus on its impact on fruit crops. As the world seeks alternatives to fossil fuels, agrivoltaics offers a promising solution by integrating solar panels with farming practices. The study examines various agrivoltaic configurations with different fruit crops, emphasizing their influence on microclimatic conditions beneath the panels and the effects on crop produc-tion. In particular, it underscores the need for tailored solutions to balance energy yield and crop productivity and quality, with different shading levels affecting fruit quality/production. De-spite ongoing research, a comprehensive understanding of agrivoltaics' potential benefits and challenges remains crucial for its successful application and implementation in sustainable ag-riculture.
Are We Able to Prevent Neonatal Readmission? A Retrospective Analysis from a Pediatrics Department in Ploiești – Romania
Authors: Roșca Ioana , Constantin Andreea Teodora , Popescu Daniela Eugenia , Jura Ana Maria Cristina , Miu Anca , Turenschi Alina
Published: February 2024

Early discharge after childbirth has led to a rise in neonatal readmission, becoming a major concern in recent decades. Our research aimed to identify the risk factors and incidence of neonatal readmission, as well as explore preventive measures. Our study at the Clinical Hospital of Pediatrics in Ploiești, Romania included 108 neonates admitted during the neonatal period. This accounted for 2.06% of all admissions (5226). The most prevalent cases were malnutrition (25%), fever (20.3%) and bronchiolitis (17.5%). Diarrhea and infectious gastroenteritis were also observed (14.8%), along with acute rhinoconjunctivitis (9.2%) and late onset sepsis (3.7%). No deaths were recorded. The most significant characteristics identified were number of children (p<0.001) and age at maternity discharge (p<0.001). By following the prevention rules, malnutrition, feeding errors, and infections can be avoided. This includes practicing proper hand hygiene for both mothers and medical staff, as well as educating and demonstrating to mothers the benefits of breastfeeding. In addition, all newborns discharged from the maternity ward should benefit from follow-up at 7-10 days of life. Our results confirm the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary team and endorse promoting breastfeeding. Implementing quality control measures and regularly evaluating the surveillance program will help improve its effectiveness.
Cause Analysis of Salinity Intrusion by Environmental Changes considering Water Intake and Sand Mining on Seomjin River Estuary Using EFDC Model for Maintaining Corbicula Habitats
Authors: Jung Chunggil , Lee Gayeong , Park Jongyoon
Published: February 2024

Anthropogenic development can strongly influence natural river processes, leading to environmental changes that negatively affect important habitats and biodiversity, and consequently reduce economically important natural resources. This study investigated the effects of salinity intrusion on the habitat of the clam Corbicula japonica in the Seomjin River estuarine zone. We employed the Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code (EFDC) model, which incorporates topographic data and hydrological changes, to simulate salinity concentrations. Two salinity measurement facilities were installed in Seomjin River estuarine and operated to optimize the EFDC model. The results show that reduced flow rates due to intake have a negligible impact on the increased salinity. Maintaining optimal salinity (15–20 psu) during neap tides at the Seomjin River Bridge requires constant high flow rates, which poses significant challenges. Saltwater stratification is identified as the primary cause of pronounced salinity stratification, particularly during neap tides. Addressing this issue through river discharge and intake facility operation is challenging. Structural measures, including riverbed restoration and underwater barriers, are recommended to improve resistance to seawater intrusion. Future research should aim to develop scenarios to reduce salinity concentrations, quantify the reduction efficiency, and propose region-specific measures.
Evaluation of Effects of Pineapple-Extract and Bromelain-Based Treatment after Mandibular Third Molar Surgery: A Randomized Three-Arm Clinical Study
Authors: Colletti Alessandro , Procchio Chiara , Pisano Mariaelena , Martelli Alma , Pellizzato Marzia , Cravotto Giancarlo
Published: February 2024

A three-arm, randomized, placebo controlled clinical study has been performed to evaluate the effects of a lyophilized pineapple extract titrated in bromelain (Brome-Inf®), and purified bro-melain on pain, swelling, trismus and quality of life (QoL) after the surgical removal of the lower third molars. Moreover, the need for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has also been evaluated and compared with a placebo group. The study included 42 people that required the extraction of a single mandibular third molar under local anesthesia. The patients were ran-domized and distributed to receive Brome-Inf®, purified bromelain or placebo and started the treatment the day of surgery and continued it for the next 7 days. The primary outcome was the requirement of NSAIDs in the three groups. The outcome variables were pain, swelling and trismus, which were measured postoperatively at 1, 3, and 7 days. The differences in the efficacy of the freeze-dried pineapple extract and single-component bromelain were also evaluated. At the end of the study, the assumption of ibuprofen (from days 1-7) was statistically higher in the placebo group (p
Lexicometric and Sentiment Analysis of News in the Spanish Press regarding HIV and Prison
Authors: Vera-Remartínez Enrique J. , Zafra-Agea Jose Antonio , Garcia-Guerrero Julio , Molés-Julio María Pilar
Published: February 2024

Objective To analyze the influence of HIV in penitentiary institutions through an exhaustive lexiconmetric and sentiment analysis of news in the Spanish written press related to HIV and prison. Material an method observational, descriptive, and retrospective design based on news published in Spanish newspapers from 1981 to 2020, linking HIV infection with penitentiary institutions. Natural language processing and lexiconmetry techniques were used, using the Python programming language and ATLAS Ti v.9 software. Result: 318 articles were analyzed, with 10,502 distinct words. The sentiment of news was evaluated in three different periods: the discovery of HIV, and the periods before and after the existence of antiretroviral treatments. N-gram analysis and word cloud creation were carried out for each period. In the initial phase, ignorance predominated, and prominent terms such as "homosexual," "isolate," "test," "trial," or "confirm" were observed. In the period before antiretroviral treatments, news reflected negative feelings and criticism of prison policy, with keywords such as "give birth," "drug," "carrier," or "disease." With the arrival of treatments, news showed an evolution towards a more positive tone, highlighting terms such as "treatment," "release," or "syringes”.Conclusions: The presence of HIV in Spanish prisons has experienced a significant evolution from an alarming situation to an improvement in the care of inmates, driven by institutional adaptation and advances in antiretroviral treatments.
Surgery or Not Surgery? Exploring the Dilemma of Epistaxis Management in Patients With HHT
Authors: Passali Giulio Cesare , Santantonio Mariaconsiglia , Vecchioli Nadia , Sollazzo Michela , Rolesi Rolando , Marotta Ilenia , Corina Luigi , Riccioni Maria Elena , Gaetani Eleonora , Galli Jacopo
Published: February 2024

Epistaxis, particularly in Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT) patients, is a common otolaryngological emergency, often requiring complex management. A hierarchy of increasingly invasive interventions, from external compression of the nasal pyramid to nostril closure, is typically proposed and applied. We conducted a retrospective study on HHT patients to assess the effectiveness and longevity of invasive procedures postoperatively. Data were collected using the Epistaxis Severity Score (ESS) questionnaire. The primary focus was on changes in the frequency and intensity of epistaxis, while the secondary focus was on the overall quality of life. The study found that invasive procedures initially improved the frequency and intensity of epistaxis in HHT patients. However, within one to 9 months postoperatively, these benefits often diminished, with hemorrhagic symptoms recurring at similar or worsened levels. Facial trauma further negated the advantages of these procedures. The findings suggest a need for a gradual and increasingly invasive approach to managing epistaxis in HHT patients. Highly invasive procedures should be reserved for cases where less invasive methods fail, due to their limited temporal effectiveness and the risk of causing anatomical-functional changes in the rhino-sinus area, complicating future management of severe epistaxis.
Postharvest Alternatives in Banana Cultivation
Authors: Ruiz Medina Maritza Dolores , Ruales Jeny
Published: February 2024

The banana, also known as plantain in some places, is a tropical fruit widely consumed and appreciated around the world. Its scientific name is Musa paradisiaca and it belongs to the Musaceae family. This fruit is native to Southeast Asia but is currently cultivated in various tropical and subtropical regions, is harvested throughout all the year and planted in 130 countries, 75% of which is produced mainly in India, Ecuador, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica and China. The use of some post-harvest treatments (gradening, modification of the atmosphere, coatings and refrigeration, among others) are important for guarantee of safe, healthy and high-quality foods in the century XXI. This review details mechanical damage after harvest, management of environmental parameters (temperature and relative humidity), control of gases involved in storage and transportation, treatment with wax, coatings, the use of antifungal compounds and packaging necessary for the export of the fruit.
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Multidrug Resistant E. coli Carriage on Chicken Farms in West Nile Region in Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Nyolimati Ceaser Adibaku , Mayito Jonathan , Obuya Emmanuel , Atim Stella Acaye , Isingoma Emmanuel , Kibombo Daniel , Byonanebye Dathan M , Walwema Richard , Musoke David , Orach Christopher Garimoi , Kakooza Francis
Published: February 2024

Infections with multi-drug-resistant (MDR) pathogens in food-animals threaten public health and food security. However, the epidemiology and factors associated with MDR Escherichia coli on Ugandan farms are not well known. This study investigated the prevalence, resistance patterns and factors associated with MDR E. coli carriage on chicken farms. A total of 158 E. coli strains were isolated from 158 chicken farms. The disc diffusion method for susceptibility testing was performed. Clinical breakpoints were interpreted according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. MDR was defined as resistance to three or more classes of antimicrobials. MDR E. coli prevalence on chicken farms was 62.7% (95% CI: 55.0 – 70.3). High resistance was observed against ampicillin 79.8% (95% CI: 72.7–85.4), tetracycline 72.8% (95% CI: 65.2–79.2), cotrimoxazole 55.7% (95% CI: 47.8–63.3), and ciprofloxacin 38% (95% CI: 30.7–45.9). Farmers who were males (APR = 0.72, CI: 0.55, 0.93), and attained at least secondary education (APR=0.64, CI: 0.46, 0.88) and administration of recommended antibiotic doses (APR = 0.76, CI: 0.59–0.96) posed a lower risk of MDR E. coli carriage. Farms without footbaths posed a heighten risk (APR=1.48, CI: 1.16–1.88). MDR E. coli were highly prevalent on chicken farms. This study underscores the need for antimicrobial stewardship and improved infection prevention strategies on chicken farms.
Mental Health Outcomes of Immigrant- and US-Born Caregivers: California Health Interview Survey, 2019–2020
Authors: Zhou Sasha , Ogunjesa Babatope Ayokunle , Raj Minakshi
Published: February 2024

Objectives. To compare the mental health outcomes of US-born with immigrant caregivers of adult care recipients.

Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional secondary analysis of the 2019 California Health Interview Survey (CHIS), administered via web or telephone to 22 152 participants between September and December 2019. We characterized (1) caregivers and noncaregivers, and (2) US-born versus immigrant caregivers. Then, we estimated and compared (3) the relationship between caregiving status and severe psychological distress among US-born and immigrant respondents, and (4) correlates of severe psychological distress among US-born and immigrant respondents.

Results. Caregivers were more likely than noncaregivers to report severe psychological distress ( P < .05). Immigrant caregivers residing separately from their care recipient were significantly more likely to experience severe psychological distress (odds ratio = 3.76; P < .01).

Conclusions. US-born and immigrant caregivers may experience different risk factors for psychological distress associated with caregiving. Clinical and community resources should be tailored to caregivers’ distinct needs with consideration of how access to resources (e.g., language), circumstances (e.g., acculturation), and cultural norms (e.g., filial piety) may be associated with exacerbation of psychological distress among immigrants. ( Am J Public Health. 2024;114(S2):S189–S199. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307396 )
Mapping wetland research in India in comparison with the rest of the world (1998-2021) - A meta-analysis
Authors: Iurahim S. Abuthagir , Rathinam R. Bharathi , Das B. K. , Mishal P. , Lianthumluaia  , Ramteke Karankumar , Akash J. S. , Sarkar U. K.
Published: February 2024

Wetlands are crucial for maintaining the earth’s ecosystems, which control water supplies, modify local climates and provide humans with food. Nevertheless, wetlands confront substantial challenges attributed to human activities and natural alterations, encompassing issues like area contraction, functional deterioration, declining biodiversity, and numerous other concerns. The current study used the Web of Science (WoS) database to analyse the wetland research output during the last three decades spanning from 1988 to 2021. This analysis evaluated the scientific production of wetland research in India and the rest of the world using a total of 63671 articles. Analysis was also done on the global publication share, ranking, and progress in terms of research and bibliometric indices such as total citations, h-index, and average citations per paper. The USA accounted for 32.629% of the total publications, placing it topmost among the most productive nations in terms of overall publications. The network visualisation map showed that USA was the primary cooperating nation, but that there was very little cross-national cooperation. Since the WoS database contains only journals that are indexed by the WoS, the real number of publications is expected to be much larger than in the current study. This study also revealed the specific areas on wetland research where future directions for investigation can be decided by  experts in the field. However, wetlands face significant problems because of human activity and other natural changes, such as area contraction, functional deterioration, decline in biodiversity and much more.
Keywords:Bibliometrics, H-index, Scientometrics, Web of Science, Wetland fisheries
Study of the Structure and Properties of Multilayer Plasma Powder Coatings of Ceramics and Nickel-Based Alloys
Authors: Panteleenko F. I. , Okovity V. A. , Devoino O. G. , Sidorov V. A. , Okovity V. V. , Astashinsky V. M. , Blumenstein V. M.
Published: February 2024

The paper deals with the studies of plasma coatings formed under optimal technological conditions from Al2O3–TiO2–NiCrAlYТа powder compositions. They have an acceptable density and have a number of surface defects acceptable for operation – pores and cracks. Large-dimensional ceramic Al2O3–TiO2 particles are embedded in the NiCrAlYТа matrix during the formation of the coating. This structure is associated with the mobility of the molten liquid-phase components of NiCrAlYТа, which tend to fill gaps and cracks that occur during plasma spraying of metal oxide coating and contribute to an increase in the density of coatings. In the process of high-temperature deposition, the oxide component melts into an organic whole with a metal one in the area of the interface, the elements diffuse and penetrate each other, so the interface is not clearly defined, there are no obvious boundaries between layered structures. These structures, along with chemical and mechanical bonds, also contain metallurgical bonds. With the optimal spraying parameters we have established, a microheterogeneous structure is observed in the coating system with the content of elements that ensure its wear resistance (orthorhombic phase of titanium oxide, Cr1.12Ni2.88, a-Al2O3, γ-Al2O3). Spreading of molten powder particles on the substrate occurs with minimal spattering and losses upon impact on the substrate. The main crystalline phases in the system of the formed coating include Cr1.12Ni2.88, γ-Al2O3, anatase (TiO2) in addition to rutile, and a-Al2O3. In the analysis, diffraction peaks in rutile are detected in the ranges 2θ = 32° and 2θ = 70°, while the content increases after the sputtering process, which confirms the transition from the anatase phase to the rutile phase at high temperature. Based on the results of quantitative analysis, the content in coating of a-Al2O3 and rutile TiO2 is approximately 30.4 % and 32.2 %, respectively, being the main phase structures of the coatings. Studies have been carried out on the influence of distances of the plasma spraying process on the performance characteristics of wear-resistant plasma coatings – adhesion strength, hardness and porosity.
Determination of Maximum Calculated Total Values of Wind Loads on the Elements of Anti-Theft Device from Eccentric and Wedge Mechanism
Authors: Selivonchik S. M. , Nesterenko N. L.
Published: February 2024

To carry out a power calculation of the anti-driveaway device (from now on referred to as – AD) of lifting cranes operating in the open air, it is necessary to know the maximum calculated value of the wind force on the elements of the AD rails connected by side bars. The various types of anti-theft crane devices recommended for use have a number of disadvantages, which have been written about in previous papers. Anti-theft crane devices are also known, in which the stop of lifting cranes on the rail track is carried out by a locking eccentric interacting with the surface of the rail head. The reliabi-lity of such devices is insufficient, since due to the constant force of the spring, the adhesion force of the eccentric to the rail does not depend on the changing wind force. To carry out a power calculation of the anti-theft device for cranes operating in the open air, it is necessary to know the maximum calculated value of the wind force acting on its elements that hold the cranes on the rails when the cranes are inoperative. When a crane moves along rails under the influence of wind force Pw, the eccentric, turning, transmits the pressure force from the rail to the double-arm lever connecting the eccentric mechanism to the wedge mechanism. The eccentric mechanism is essentially a drive for the vertical movement of the wedge, as a result of which the pincer clamp closes on the rail head and the crane stops. Thus, the energy developed by the crane, driven by the force Pw, is used to stop it. For this purpose, the paper deals with the issues of determining the maximum design values of the wind force acting on the total lateral surfaces of various types of cranes under different climatic, aerodynamic, probabilistic and other wind loads. A methodology is given for determining the maximum calculated total values of wind loads on the elements of the developed anti-theft device for lifting cranes moving along crane rail tracks. The calculated total lateral areas and wind loads on bridge support single- and double-girder cranes, gantry and tower cranes for various designs, spans, load capacities and other parameters have been determined. Based on the calculations performed, it is possible to create a model range of anti-theft devices for various designs of load-lifting cranes moving on crane rails under various operating conditions.
Alculating the complexity of an algorithm implemented in the C# programming language
Authors: Becker I. A. , Yakimov E. A. , Skrylyov N. P.
Published: February 2024

Time complexity of an algorithm is the number of elementary operations performed by the algorithm. Taking into account the features of programming languages, the authors propose to consider the methodology for calculating this measure of algorithm complexity in the specific language of its implementation, provide formulas for calculating theoretical complexity and the rules for calculating the experimental complexity of program in C#.
Plan de negocio para la implementación del servicio de interiorismo en el distrito de Santiago de Surco, 2021
Authors:   , Huamanchumo Portugal Elsa Abigail , Reategui Paredes Isabel , Lopez Daga Luzmila Esther , Zamudio Iman Daniel Alonso , Murayari Rios Juan Miguel
Published: February 2024

El presente trabajo consiste en la aplicación de la técnica del feng shui en el diseño de interiores residencial, dirigido a los clientes del distrito de Santiago de Surco. El objetivo del proyecto consiste en crear espacios armoniosos a través de la energía, de tal manera que los residentes, van a notar un cambio sustancial en sus ambientes desde el primer día, el trabajo que se brinda a los clientes es el diseño de interiores y la técnica milenaria denominada feng shui, proveniente de China, con una antigüedad de más de 5,000 años, que significa Viento y Agua (Feng Shui), que promueve un diseño disruptivo, es decir, que esté en sintonía con los elementos de la naturaleza, y que permita una adecuada distribución de la energía en dichos espacios. Armonía brinda un servicio personalizado en la decoración y diseño de interiores, de manera mixta, presencial o virtual, según la técnica milenaria feng shui que promueve la adecuada distribución del flujo de energía que ingresa a los espacios de una vivienda. En la actualidad, la mayoría de clientes desconocen de la técnica feng shui, porque esta técnica no está muy difundida aquí, además, son pocos los diseñadores de interiores que aplican dicha técnica en sus proyectos. Con la finalidad de lograr el objetivo, se realiza la presente investigación dirigido a un público objetivo con un mayor poder adquisitivo, en los niveles socio-económicos A y B, en el distrito de Santiago de Surco.