bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of a Mathematical Model for Detecting Software Backdoors
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Zhuikov Egor
Published: December 2023

This article analyzes software backdoors that can be used to illegally access information or collect confidential data. To detect such backdoors, various approaches were considered that make it possible to identify the presence of backdoors in the system. During the study, criteria were highlighted that allow assessing the effectiveness of various approaches to detecting software backdoors. These include detection accuracy, data processing speed, resistance to circumvention of protective measures and other factors. Currently, the protection of confidential information is the main task of companies, since its leakage entails irreparable damage to the company’s reputation, as well as financial losses. To ensure the protection of confidential information from unauthorized access to it, companies use a special set of measures, which includes technical, software, hardware and administrative measures to protect information. One of the ways to obtain confidential information is software backdoors that can enter the system in various ways. To identify backdoors at workplaces, special methods must be used. In general, this article represents an important contribution to the field of detection of software backdoors and can be used in the development of new methods of information protection.
Species Composition of Fish Blood Parasites (Pisces) in Water Bodies of Volgograd Region: A Review of Studies
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Gordeev Dmitry , Morgunov Sergey ,   Volgograd Branch of Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Udodov Dmitry ,   Volgograd State University, Romadina Olga ,   Volgograd State University
Published: December 2023

The aim of this article is generalization of literary sources on blood parasites of fish in water bodies of the Volgograd region and determination of species composition. The material for the study was all the publications available to the authors on fish blood parasites in the Volgograd region. Methods used: comparative data analysis, descriptive statistics methods. Results indicate that the fish blood parasite fauna includes about 18 species belonging to 2 types (Euglenozoa, Sporozoa), 2 classes (Kinetoplastidea, Coccidea), 3 families (Cryptobiidae, Trypanosomatidae, Haemogregarinidae), and 3 genera. In view of the lack of reliable information about the findings of Cryptobia barbiand Trypanosoma acerinae in the blood of fish from the Volgograd region, their habitation in the study area is debatable. This report is preliminary, and the proposed species composition needs to be clarified. Practical significance: the obtained information can be used as a guide for the study of the parasite fauna of commercial fish species in the reservoirs of the Volgograd region, the implementation of preventive measures, and the monitoring of the epidemiological situation in the region.
On the Issue of the Economy Development of the South Volga Region
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Anisimov Leonid
Published: December 2023

The South Volga region is currently a modest subject among the resource-producing regions of Russia. At the same time, the region has unique reserves of a number of minerals that may be in demand with a certain development of world technologies and the world economy. These include Saratov oil shales, Volgograd bischofite, and Astrakhan sulfur. The development of the economy of the South Volga region requires purposeful research of the most significant natural resources in terms of the conditions of occurrence, the size of reserves and their distribution, development conditions, and development problems. To solve these problems, it is necessary to assess the possibility of using modern technologies for their development, conduct a pre-project risk analysis, and assess the feasibility, nature, and degree of participation of the principal enterprises of the region in the development of deposits.
Creation Experience of Startup Campuses in Major Regions (North America, Far East, Australia and Europe)
Authors:   Milton Friedman University, Kovács Áron , Lévai Imre ,   Milton Friedman University, Nagy Henrietta ,   Milton Friedman University
Published: December 2023

Startup campuses are a gathering place for local startups. On the one hand, they bring together innovative startups, and on the other hand, they offer solutions for international market entry through various incubator programmes, investment services, training networks, education, extensive networking capital, and mentoring. Startup campuses should be seen as a 21st century combination of decentralised incubators, accelerators, and business angels. The world’s leading startup and innovation campuses recognise the need to build the right environment and ecosystem for startups to grow quickly and efficiently. Among the startup campus ecosystems, the US Silicon Valley stands out, home to seven of the world’s top ten startups. Currently, five large startup ecosystems (New York, London, Beijing, Boston, and Shanghai) have the best business development capabilities, and two are trying to catch up (Los Angeles and Tel Aviv). Among startup ecosystems, the US leads the race by a significant margin, but European startup campuses are also growing steadily, while South American startup incubators are lagging behind. The study seeks to find out what services startup campuses provide in different regions, what their main activities are, and how successful they are. The topic is also important because startups most often respond to broad societal problems, such as access to basic services at affordable prices, reducing poverty and inequality, and increasing diversity and inclusiveness. On environmental issues, the most common targets are improving food supply and security, clean energy, climate change solutions, water, and sanitation.
Ways to Improve Russia’s Housing Policy
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Korostin Sergey
Published: December 2023

The article provides a brief overview of the situation in the Russian economy one year after the imposition of sanctions by the United States, European countries, and their allies because the special military operation was launched in Ukraine. The assessment of the difficult situation of the housing construction industry for 2023 is given. This evaluation became possible due to an imbalance of supply and demand, because of high real estate prices and a large number of unsold flats, and because of decreases in demand due to purchases in 2021 of flats for the future, uncertainty about the future, and reduced purchasing power of citizens. Assuming a long period of sanctions, the author’s vision of ways to improve housing policy is presented, which can become one of the main drivers of social and economic development of Russia under sanctions. The key proposal is to change the emphasis in housing policy from high-rise to low-rise individual housing construction. This fact will help to maintain production by companies that are connected with housing construction industry. Low-rise housing construction will contribute to the inclusion of urban districts in the agglomeration. It is suggested to stimulate the development of the market of individual low-rise housing by expanding the list of preferential mortgage programs, increasing funding, using public-private and municipal-private partnerships, founding construction savings banks, using digital technologies and ecosystems. To set the strategic goals of housing policy and to monitor the effectiveness of its further implementation, the author’s methodology for calculating a generalized integral indicator is proposed. It takes into account the development in the economic, housing, and digital spheres.
Innovative Infrastructure as a Factor of Competitiveness Growth of a Region
Authors:   Federal Research Center “Computer Science and Control” of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Fedotova Gilyan , Kudryakov Roman ,   Vladimir State University named after Alexander and Nikolay Stoletovs, Lamzin Roman ,   Volgograd State Socio-Pedagogical University, Averina Irina ,   Volgograd State University
Published: December 2023

In modern conditions, innovative infrastructure is a fundamental element for the development of a regional economic system. The availability of an efficient innovation infrastructure optimizes the process of the implementation of promising production ideas and their commercialization in the industrial sector of the region. The purpose of this study is connected with the assessment possibility of the influence level of innovations on the competitiveness of regional economic system in the context of global competition and uncertainty growth in social and production processes. The methodological basis of the study is presented by the results of research studies by domestic and foreign experts, within which a comprehensive analysis of conditions and specifics of innovative transformations in the development of the region was carried out, with the identification of promising opportunities for relevant innovations’ integration into the regional socio-economic system. In accordance with this, in the course of the study, the following general theoretical and special research methods were applied: statistical analysis, generalization, grouping, systematization, deduction, induction, and graph theory. The result of the study is the assessment of the impact of innovations on the development of the regional economic system, as well as to form the conditions for construction of innovative infrastructure and predict the results of its impact on the level of competitiveness of the region in case of its optimal integration in accordance with the functioning of national or international organizations. The results obtained can be used by state and regional authorities that provide optimal innovative development and implementation of an economically determined sequence of activities within the framework of regional innovation policy, as well as small and medium-sized production entities, scientific and educational organizations operating in the development and implementation of high-tech products with increased value.
Transnationalism of Economy: Theoretical and Methodological Aspect
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Saiko Viktoria
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this article is to study theoretical and methodological foundations of the economy’s transnationalism. The study of the transnationalism of the world economy is carried out at different levels in order to combine micro, macro, and global levels of analysis. The article examines the methodological foundations of transnationalism; identifies theoretical approaches to the study of the process of transnationalism; systematizes the results of research by domestic and foreign scientists devoted to approaches to the definition of the concept, principles, factors of transnationalism. Theories of international capital movement are systematized, the classification of theories of international production and FDI is presented. A large number of factors contribute to the appearance of transnationalism theories. The main obstacle to the consolidation of scientific views is the dynamic change in the way of transnationalism and comprehensive nature of the activities of TNCs (presence in most sectors of the economy). In 2021, global FDI flows recovered to pre-pandemic levels and reached $1.6 trillion US dollars. Cross-border transactions and international project finance were particularly active because of free financing terms. In 2022, however, the global environment for international business and crossborder investment changed radically. The global environment for international investment changed dramatically with the launch of a special military operation in Ukraine, which began at a time when the world was still recovering from the pandemic effects. The direct impact of special military operation on investment flows in the Russian Federation is the suspension of existing investment projects, the outflow of funds from the Russian Federation, the spread of asset value, losses and sanctions. These facts make the study of theoretical and methodological foundations of the transnationalism of economy relevant.
Conceptualization of Digital Strategies for Human Resource Development: Regional Aspect
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Mikhalkina Daria , Nikitaeva Anastasia ,   Southern Federal University
Published: December 2023

Currently, the success of digital transformation of the economy is largely determined by the way in which the development of human resources is carried out. In accordance with this, the article substantiates the importance of developing and implementing digital strategies for human resources’ development. Based on the categorical analysis, the essence and key components of the concept of “human resources” are determined. With the use of scientometric analysis, a network and heat map for the subject field of research were made, the main clusters of research on the issues of digital strategies for the development of human resources were identified and characterized. This made it possible to identify priority levels (organizations and regions) and areas of human resource development. The study proves that digital strategies for the development of human resources have different interpretations as functional, providing, and other strategies. At the same time, the digital strategy under consideration is based on digital data, and digital technologies are the main decision-making tool and a means of human resources’ development. The paper determines that the development of human resources acquires significant features at different levels of the hierarchy of the economy. The regional level of strategic development of human resources is justified as a priority for the Russian economy. The study states the provisions that need to be taken into account for the development of regional strategies for human resources: need for priority analysis of territorial potential, sectoral specialization of regions to determine the characteristics of human resources as a target indicator of development strategies; importance of coordinating human resource development strategies with macro-level strategies as well as other strategies for the development of territories; combination of direct and indirect instruments of influence; exit beyond the scope of training programs in the formation of an instrumental base for the development of human resources, etc. This made it possible to determine the directions for the formation of regional digital strategies for the development of human resources, covering training for competencies, the creation of a digital culture, and a favorable institutional environment.
Student-Initiated Research, Consequences, Peer Mentors, and Finding the Hope Inside for MilleniGenZ Students during the COVID-19 Years
Authors: Emerson Sandra , Dong Winny , Aquino Jeremy , Afrin Hosne
Published: December 2023

The Office of Undergraduate Research (OUR) at Cal Poly Pomona explored factors contributing to student enrollment and engagement, especially for MilleniGenZ students. The research was built on the latest evidence that college students who engaged in research along with faculty mentoring and team collaboration were more able to persist in their studies than their peers who did not participate in similar activities. Most important for OUR was testing if participation was equitable by race, gender, and income categories in COVID-19 years (2020-2022) as compared with non-COVID-19 years (2016-2019). The study used quantitative analysis of the public record, qualitative review of student reflections, and open-ended interviews with peer mentors during the COVID-19 years of 2020 through 2022. As a result of our process, this is a convergent mixed methods design, which enabled the researchers to triangulate the findings and develop a deeper understanding of the research question: How well did diverse students navigate their college studies in uncertain circumstances?
Opele Revisited: How Oceanic Blackness Impacts Student Belonging and Success
Authors: Caldwell Ethan
Published: December 2023

The Opele Report of 1992 provided a window into the concerns surrounding educational opportunities and quality of education for underrepresented Black students at the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa (UHM) (Takara, 1992, p. 4). By providing a comprehensive analysis, the “Opele Report” suggested multiple ways to improve Black student and faculty retention, recruitment, and well-being. Thirty years later, what has changed? How has Black student life and well-being improved, and how supported do they feel? How do they envision their belonging in an oceanic educational space where they are traditionally underrepresented? How might their experiences provide a space to rethink Blackness in oceanic settings? This article revisits the “Opele Report” by providing a window into the contemporary experiences of the 1.8% Black student population on campus by highlighting how they cultivate belonging while navigating their intersectional identities on the University of Hawaʻi at Mānoa campus. I focus on six former and current students affiliated with the Black Student Association as they engage in storytelling surrounding Blackness and belonging on campus and in Hawaiʻi as an expansion of a previous photo voice project and current documentary project. Each student’s response to a series of prompts reveals how Black hypervisibility and invisibility impact their on-campus experiences with belonging while gesturing to how it helps them expand conceptions of Blackness in an oceanic setting. Their dialogue highlights the need to honestly address diversity, inclusion, equity, and justice work on university campuses, including those beyond the continental United States. From experiencing tokenism from colleagues and throughout campus to racism from peers, these students’ experiences highlight the intricacies of finding belonging in the face of anti-Blackness that remains pervasive on campus and statewide.
PROBLEMS OF ACCIDENT BRIDGE STRUCTURES
Authors: V. A. Miroshnik  , S. V. Klyuchnyk  , M. K. Zhurbenko
Published: December 2023

Some engineering structures accidents from environmental factors are considering in this article
ERECTION OF SHOTCRETED LINING WITH EXPLOSIVES
Authors: О. V. Khomenchuk  , S. V. Borschevsky  , V. V. Goncharenko
Published: December 2023

The basic circuit design of erection of shotcrete lining in vertical excavations of round cross-section, and also algorithm of scaling of key parameters of a way is considered. Results of scalings of parameters of a way on the given algorithm for the basic industrial explosives are resulted
ADVANTAGES OF THE USE OF HEAT-INSULATION ON BASIS OF THE MODIFIED FOAMGLASS DURING RECONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING OF BUILDINGS ON-THE-ROAD ON RAILWAYS
Authors: А. V. Krasnyuk  , А. S. Shcherbak
Published: December 2023

In the article ecological and exploitation advantages of heat-insulation is considered on the basis of foam glass. Influence of different influences is described, such as deformation, oxidization, erosion, over falls of temperature, attacks such properties is rotined, as no burning, ecological, sanitary, chemical and biological safety.
FEATURES OF THE FRAME STRUCTURES EIGENMODES APPLIED ON ONE-STOREY MULTI-SPAN FRAMES
Authors: V. Kulyabko  , D. Yaroshenko
Published: December 2023

Spectrum features of own frequencies of continuous multispan single-storey frame construction designs (such constructions as bridges, crossovers, ramps, single-storey industrial building) are considered. Influence on frequency ranges (and also on some lowest frequencies and forms) construction arrangement, number of spans, loadings is investigated.
NEW TECHNOLOGIES OF DEVELOPMENT OF WATERSATURED SOFT BREEDS
Authors: N. А. Nikiforova  , А. А. Chustov  , V. I. Stetsuk
Published: December 2023

The method of openwork of soft breeds of the Novo-Dmitrievskoe deposit of brown coal is offered.
SOME PROBLEMS OF DEVELOPMENT OF INTELLECTUAL SYSTEMS OF MONITORING THE ENGINEERING STRUCTURES STATE
Authors: B. V. Savchinskiy  , V. L. Rikina
Published: December 2023

The new intellectual systems of monitoring the engineering structures state are considering in this article. Their advantages in comparison with the methods of procedural security are described; emphasis on the inherent proactive management property of these systems is made.
DEVELOPMENT OF THEORETICAL BASES OF THE MODIFIED CALCULATION METHOD OF CIRCULAR OUTLINE TUNNELS
Authors: А. L. Tyutkin  , V. А. Miroshnik
Published: December 2023

In the article theoretical bases of the modified calculation method of circular outline tunnels are considered
CALCULATION MODEL OF THE CORED REINFORCED-CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION TAKING INTO ACCOUNT ITS DIFFICULT STRESSSTRAIN STATE
Authors: V. S. Dorofeev  , V. М. Karpyuk  , O. М. Petrov  , М. М. Petrov
Published: December 2023

Presented calculation model allows estimating the change in the stress-strain state of reinforced concrete bar during a simple proportional loading at all stages of its work, including the destruction, taking into account the real properties of materials.
MANAGEMENT STRATEGY OF THE ROAD BRIDGES RESOURCE WITH REINFORCED-CONCRETE ELEMENTS
Authors: А. I. Lantkhouh-Lyashchenko
Published: December 2023

This paper presents an approach to the service life modeling of bridges reinforced concrete elements. Three degradation models are presented. The possibility of the proposed model is discussed.
DISTRIBUTION TEMPERATURE IN REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM BRIDGE STRUCTURES
Authors: I. I. Lutchko  , V. V. Kovalchuk
Published: December 2023

In this paper, drafted a model for theoretical analysis of temperature distribution by the penetration of reinforced concrete beam bridge structures and the results are presented experimental temperature distribution on the surface using thermal imager testo-875-1.
THE ANALYSIS OF FLUCTUATING STRESS IN WELDED JOINTS OF SUPERSTRUCTURES OF «BRIDGE-TRAIN» SYSTEM
Authors: М. Malgin  , V. Dvoretsky  , G. Mikheev  , Е. Krugovova
Published: December 2023

The present paper concentrates on basic directions of use of research results of «bridge-train» system in fatigue analysis of welded bridge joints.
PREDICTION OF TEMPORARY OPERATION MODE OF RC BRIDGE BY THE LEAD SAFETY FACTOR
Authors: V. Rachkevych  , V. Kvasha  , L. Saliychyk
Published: December 2023

Technical condition of strings span bridge and method of operation mode prediction by the lead safety factor of strength are described.
SOME ASPECTS OF THE RELIABILITY OF REINFORCED CONCRETE SPANS OF HIGHWAY BRIDGES
Authors: B. V. Savchinskiy
Published: December 2023

The features and efficacies of the procedure of calculated prediction of the working life of reinforced concrete spans of highway bridges are considering in this article, there has been made the analysis of the different proceduresof probable base of margin design and the normative plot of durability has been plotted.
DETERMINING THE CLASS OF THE RAILWAY REINFORCED CONCRETE SPANS OF THE BRIDGES BY CONSIDERING THE MAGNITUDE OF THE ELASTIC SAGS
Authors: К. І. Soldatov  , М. К. Zhurbenko  , С. V. Klyuchnik  , V. A. Miroshnik
Published: December 2023

The method of determining the bearing capacity of the reinforced concrete spans under the railway by using the measurements of their sag under static tests is considered in this article.
PROBLEMS OF APPLICATION OF GEOSYNTHETIC MATERIALS IN MODERN TRANSPORT CONSTRUCTION
Authors: L. М. Timofeeva  , L. S. Shepeteva
Published: December 2023

Questions of application of geosynthetic materials of various purpose in transport construction and problems of their choice in each concrete case are considered. Cases of negative and their positive use are shown. It is shown, that the most effective are the combined designs from different geomaterials.
THE CONTROL OF THE ROCK’S DISCHARGE DURING THE EXPLOSIVE TECHNOLOGY OF UNDERGROUND CONSTRUCTIONS BUILDING
Authors: A. N. Shkumatov
Published: December 2023

The specialties of the beginning stage of the underground construction building are analyzed. The parameters of the curve – terrace form of an excavation’s face are theoretically substantiated. Laboratory researches of the developed form effect on a range of rock debris scattering are executed.
APPLICATION OF METHOD OF MONTE-KARLO FOR THE ESTIMATION OF LONGEVITY OF REINFORCED-CONCRETE ELEMENTS OF BRIDGES
Authors: F. V. Yatcko
Published: December 2023

This paper presents general model of reinforced-concrete elements deterioration by a statistical method including atmospherically and force condition. Paper includes algorithm of service life prediction of reinforced concrete elements of bridges.
THERMAL STRESSES IN COMPOSITE STEEL-CONCRETE BRIDGES DURING CONSTRUCTION STAGE
Authors: Flaga K. , Pańtak М.
Published: December 2023

In the paper the analysis of stresses in concrete deck of steel-concrete composite bridges due to cumulative impacts of cement heat of hydration and ambient temperature have been presented. Examples of analyses of thermal conditions and thermal stresses in construction stage of composite road bridge have been shown.
INTERACTION OF SYSTEM OF ELASTIC AND SOLIDS, MODELS OF THE BRIDGE AND THE TRAIN
Authors: V. Ye. Artyomov  , O. S. Raspopov
Published: December 2023

Theme of the article is the algorithm for joint dynamics system «bridge – train». Solution is based on the rigid body dynamics methods and finite element method
DETERMINATION NATURAL VIBRATIONS OF THE CONTINUED PLACED ON CURVE FLYOVER IN OPERATION
Authors: S. Zagorulko  , М. Gurbenko  , V. Miroshnik
Published: December 2023

Purpose. The study of the dynamic behavior, the definition of shapes and natural frequencies of the bridge structure, which were designed and built at a time when the dynamic calculation of complex structures carried by simplifying the design schemes. Methodology. To obtain accurate dynamic characteristics of the structure under the action of wheeled vehicles on the bridge crossing, it was decided to use the calculation method of mathematical modeling of structures, namely finite element method. Simulation and calculation of this structure was carried out in an environment of « Lira." Drafted model meets all geometric and linear characteristics of the real structure, which is confirmed by the results obtained and the values obtained in the tests that were conducted BSRL of Dynamics bridges. Findings. On the basis of the calculations it follows that all forms of free oscillations of the overpass are mutually connected with each other and thus share the eigen modes of structures on vertical, horizontal and torsionalonly conditionally. Accepted scheme of the finite element model flyover solves problems related not only to the dynamic characteristics, but also to determine the actual values of internal forces ( normal , transverse moments) in any given structural member when subjected to a single fixed force or group of forces. Originality. As is known, the current trends of domestic and foreign bridge construction associated with the widespread introduction of new highstrength materials, the improvement of the design and technological forms and methods of calculation. Changes these factors in structures resulted in a reduction of rigidity , increased sensitivity to their dynamic effects. In this regard (as well as the intensity and magnitude of load) increased the role of dynamic calculations, studies the dynamic behavior of the bridge structure. Practical value. Based on the results of mathematical modeling ofatypical superstructure of the bridge, it can be argued that the use of the finite element method is an effective way to determine the dynamic characteristics. Also positive difference of this method from others is the ability to visualize the results, allowing you to identify the characteristic features in the building.
DETERMINATION OF TEMPERATURE STRESSES AND STRAINS IN METAL SPANS BRIDGES
Authors: J. J. Lutchko  , V. V. Kovalchuk
Published: December 2023

Purpose. For metal bridges topical study of the stress-strain state arising from the effects of variable temperature extremes of the environment, since the last five years rihayutsya observed significant increases ambient temperatures in summer and decrease in winter. Methodology. Using data from experimental measurements of temperaturedistribution on the surface of the beam-honovyh buildings of metal bridges using an analytical model was calculated thermal stresses and deformations tion arising from a given temperature distribution. Findings. Based on the calculated data revealed that statistically undetectable beams having tension level which reaches 30% of the allowable stress. Originality. For the first time were measured distribut temperature on the surface of metal girders bridges and developed a method for determining the temperature , stresses and deformations of the action variable ambient temperatures. Practical value. The analytical method of determining the thermal stresses and strains may be used byengineers of bridges testing station Railways of Ukraine to install and «Ukravtodor» thermo-stressed state beam spans metal bridges.
SOLUTION OF TASK OF THE MOBILE LOADING IN THE DYNAMIC STATEMENT
Authors: PETRENKO V. І. , PETRENKO V. D. , TJUTKIN O. L.
Published: December 2023

Purpose. That is the feature of static work of tunnel constructions, that their stress-strain state is formed in interaction with a surrounding rock mass. But the dynamic component of stress-strain state of such constructions is also large, as tunnel constructions are perceived, except for permanent action of surrounding rock mass, spectrum of the dynamic loadings. Analyzing every type of dynamic action, it follows also to give him appraisement from position of reflection in normative documents, as the account of most dynamic actions is only declared in them without development of some methods. Methodology. For research of influencing of the mobile loading in the dynamic statement model it is some changed in order to correctly attach loading between columns as an impulse. As well as at the conducted research of the mobile loading in the static statement, in which it was found out, that his influence on the station construction depended on the depth of contour interval, at the solution of the same task in the dynamic statement explored two models – with the depth of contour interval 5 m and 10 m. Findings. It is possible to testify from the conducted analysis, that the complex analysis of the station construction with conducting of static and dynamic calculations allows to obtain more complete information about stress-strain state, which allows to estimate the state of elements in different situations, some of which more reliable result in emergency situations and must be forecast. Originality. Influencing of the mobile loading in the static and dynamic statements has been analyzed. Practical value. The calculations of the underground stations of shallow contour interval are complemented by an important calculation in the dynamic raising, and the results of such complex analysis can be considered more complete.
CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL CORROSION OF CONCRETE AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES BRIDGES
Authors: Valentina Solomka
Published: December 2023

Purpose. Relevant for bridges operating in harsh environments is the issue of corrosion resistance of the material from which they are made. One method of solving this problem is the protection of structures against corrosion, both during manufacture and during use. Methodology. Using data obtained during the examination of concretebridges sidings one of the Ukrainian chemical industry, to analyze the causes of the defects associated with the operation of structures in aggressive environments and discuss modern methods of protection against corrosion of reinforced concrete structures. Findings. Based on the analysis of the survey data found that in concrete structures reinforced concrete bridges occur simultaneously two types of corrosion: chemical and biological. Identified signs of corrosion and defects are designs that are its consequences. Originality. Investigated defects identified in the construction of concrete bridges, and the reasons for their occurrence. The mechanism of the influence of the state ofcorrosion of concrete reinforced concrete bridges. Practical value. Organization dedicated to the maintenance and operation data of concrete bridges, sent a report based on a survey which analyzed defects and damage, and developed recommendations for the further operation of these facilities.
SERVICE LIFE PREDICTION OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BRIDGES
Authors: D. Shestovitsky
Published: December 2023

Purpose. The present article is concerned with the development of service life prediction models of bridges, based on the process modeling of chlorides penetration into the protective layer of reinforced concrete bridge components. Methodology. The base of the model is a numerical solution of differential equation system of the analytic theory of Fick’s diffusion second law. Findings. The example to be provided shows the depassivation deadlines’ calculation for protective layer of reinforced concrete bridge components which are being exploited in 5 climaticareas of Ukraine. Originality. A model of working life prediction of reinforced concrete bridges has been offered, which is based on an assessment of chloridization time of protective layer, with allowance for large amount of factors: temperature, environmental humidity, state of tension, binding capacity and moisture capacity of concrete. Practical value. The developed model can be applied practically for the service life prediction at the design stage.
PROBLEMS OF MANAGEMENT BY TECHNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF HYDROTECHNICAL CONCRETE MIXTURES
Authors: VITALIY МОМОТ
Published: December 2023

conditions of displacement process control is the highest possible disagglomeration of particles, reduction of mix viscosity and increase of its homogeneity. Methodology. He structure of cement-sandy solution of enhanceable mobility is investigational experimentally for a pipeline transport. Findings. In work are explored particularities of structurisation of cement stone with the filler and rolling additives in conditions of undersea repeating over and over again. It is set on the basis of analysis of the conducted researches, that the receipt of hydrotechnical concrete with the set properties is possible as a result of application of the special technology of concreting with the use of highmobilecement-sandy solution with active one micro by filling in a complex with the plasticizer modified for the terms of submarine application. Originality. Experimental confirm efficiency of using highrolling cement-sandy dissolve for injecting intercom spaces large filling under undersea concreting. Practical value. Conduct structure studies of undersea concrete and is motivated technology injecting method of undersea concreting.
FORMATION OF DESIGN SOLUTIONS AND DYNAMIC TESTING SPANS PEDESTRIAN BRIDGE NEW TYPE
Authors: V S SHMUKLER  , S N KRASNOV  , E S KRASNOVA
Published: December 2023

Purpose. To improving the reliability of the bearing capacity of structures under dynamic loading steel- reinforced concrete bridge spans a new type of pedestrian bridges that are based on the operation and development of methods to streamline and control their parameters. Methodology. To achieve the research was used new design ofpedestrian bridges span structures, theoretical models that simulate the stress-strain state of the bridge span specific dynamic effects and conducted experimental and theoretical studies of the proposed design. Findinfs. Analysis of the studies suggests that the natural period of oscillation structure misses the Forbidden for pedestrian bridges range0,45...0,6, and as a result, load-bearing capacity of the system is sufficient for the perception of the design loads. Originality. Further developed principles and criteria that predict rational topology span pedestrian bridge in the form of spatial rod system with a reinforced concrete slab of the upper belt (flooring) and enhanced the formation ofa set of sequences and procedures for finite element modeling of the stress -strain state of composite superstructures pedestrian bridges , including accounting for nonlinearity of deformation of structural materials , which have increased the share of resource constructive going on perception payload. Practical value. The technique of designingcomposite superstructures pedestrian bridges, technical and economic indicators which are highly competitive.
HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY BRIDGES: CHALLENGES FOR ENGINEERS OF THE CIS
Authors: V. ARTOMOV  , F. VENKO
Published: December 2023

Purpose. National regulatory framework for the CIS does not contain a set of rules sufficient to design highspeed rail lines and related infrastructure. For example, the basic normative document SNiP «Bridges and pipes» there is no «dedicated passenger line» do not take into account the speed of trains, and a variety of dynamic effectsare taken into account empirical coefficients. Methodology. The main features of the system of higher technical education in the CIS are «typing» of course projects and papers, template learning process, the inability to select and change disciplines, departments and teachers. A serious challenge for the student acts as a permanent reduction in the number of classroom hours, with a clear shift towards self-education. At the same time, modern engineering essentially computerized, thanks to the active use of various computer-aided design. Findings. Recommendations for designers of high-speed railway bridges: in most cases sufficient to restrict rod finite elements; modal analysis will make it possible to identify «weak» construction sites, to determine the periods and frequency of free oscillations. Dynamic calculation of time will allow to analyze the stress-strain state of the bridge while driving a train at apredetermined rate, calculate the speed, handling, acceleration. Originality.Today in the CIS appear first private research centers. For example, the Ukrainian Research Laboratory «Dynamics & Structures, Lab.» (www.dystlab.com) was established to study and solve the problems of the dynamics of structures, buildings and structures, as well as related problems in the mechanics of deformable systems. Practical value. In the laboratory «Dynamics & Structures, Lab.» engaged in the development of specialized software – parametric modeling and engineering analysis environment Belinda Structure. Program based on the finite element method, and the simulation is carried out using scripting technologies. The interface of the program includes advanced tools for threedimensional visualization.
MATHEMATICAL MODEL AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION IN ANALYTICAL DETERMINATION OF THE RESIDUAL EROSION
Authors: IRYNA BASHKEVYCH
Published: December 2023

Purpose. Improved methods of long-term forecasting of the total erosion at the bridge crossing. Methodology. Theoretical research. Findings. Received a scientifically based methodology for determining the calculated level oferosion over many years of bridges operation. Originality. For the first time a mathematical model designed to determine the residual erosion using linear characteristic transformation of channel flow. Practical value. Ananalytical method for predicting dangerous for the stability of bridges deformations channel bottom.
RATIONAL PLANNING OF FLAT PLATE REINFORCE-CONCRETE FRAMEWORKS OF BUILDING
Authors: SERGEY MYKYTENKO
Published: December 2023

Purpose. Application of methods of optimization to planning of monolithic flat plate reinforced concrete frameworks with the purpose of reduction of charges of armature steel and concrete at their building. Methodology. Application of flat plate reinforced concrete frameworks is perspective direction for providing of citizens an accessibleaccommodation. The rational planning of flat plate reinforced concrete frameworks of building it is suggested to carry out the methods of structurally self-reactance optimization and discretely continuous mathematical programming. For a decision the set problem the methods of the constrained optimization are used. Findings. The algorithm of calculation of framework of much-storied building is worked out. An algorithm will be realized by accessible facilities and does not need creation of the special computer programs. Originality. Combination of methods of discrete and continuous optimization for the calculation of reinforced concrete constructions. Practical value. Application of method gives an opportunity to design effective flat plate reinforced concrete frameworks for building of accessible accommodation.
WORLD EXPERIENCE OF DESIGN OF BRIDGES AND THEIR OPERATING CONDITIONS ON RAILWAYS WITH A HIGH SPEED OF TRAINS
Authors: Solomka V. I. , Ovchinnikov P. А.
Published: December 2023

Purpose. Analysis of world experience of design bridge structures and their operation conditions for higherspeed railways. Browse questions of experimental and theoretical research of interaction of bridge structures and moving load. Methodology. To perform the analysis of published works that display world experience on design bridge structures and their operation conditions for higher-speed railways, university’s library resource and possibility of unlimited Internet access were used. Findings. In this article the result of literature sources research, which displays world experience of design and computation of bridge structures on high-speed railways are presented. Originality. Results of this work show the present state of in research interaction of bridges and rolling stock on the high-speed railways of Ukraine and the world as well as of possibilities of using bridges, exploited for a long period of time, under loads which move on of high speed and what are features of work construction elements in this case must be considered. Practical value. A problem that regarded in the article will allow us to develop methodology of calculation for bridge structures that are in operation on the high-speed railways and apply results of the science work when developing of new projects span structures.
GROUND AND GENERAL METHODOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS OF SAFETY PROBLEM BY EXPLOSION OF THE METRO OBJECTS
Authors: V. I. PETRENKO  , V. D. PETRENKO  , O. L. TIUTKIN
Published: December 2023

Purpose. The metro is the transporting system, which is most subject to internal influences negatively influencing on its work. The blast impact is one of such influences, thus the analysed history of explosions in metro testifies to the serious problem of safety. The decision of this problem consists in minimization of reason causing emergency and catastrophic situations. Methodology. For the decision of safety problem by explosion and blast protection of objects of metro bases and methodological developments of dynamic calculation of construction on the first stage are offered. Findings. The basic parameters of impact and blast waves at the explosions which affect internal and bearing constructions of metro are certain. It is found out that in the case of falling pressures and weakening of impulse value it is necessary to conduct a dynamic calculation only on complete pressure in the compression phase. In the case when action of complete pressure and impulse is equivalent, determination of loading is complicated. The however got graph of dependence of pressure impulse of air-blast wave in the phase of compression from the distance and mass of charge allows to get the values of loading for different cases. Using position of dynamic tasks about the analysis of the deformed state (calculation on the second maximum state) on the base of finite elements method it is possible to take power approach for determination of the state of construction at explosive influence. Formulas in a tensor form for practical determination of energy of deformation or destruction in a point, and also formulas of energy for shock and shock and air waves are offered. Originality. The joint decision of the offered equalizations of power approach enables to estimate the degree of deformation or destruction of underground building construction. Practical value. Application of power approach to the decision of dynamic task of explosion and determination of his action on construction of underground building allows the calculations to energy of constructions deformation at dynamic influences.
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN OF SOCIAL AND PROTECTED HOUSING FROM VOLUME BLOCKS
Authors: HROMOVA O. V. , YAROSH O. M. , KIHTENKO D. S. , OSADCHA O. R.
Published: December 2023

Purpose. Application of a systematic approach to the design of social and safe housing for the population in the form of residential buildings of rapid construction with constructive measures regarding the requirements of inclusivity. The project of a 9-story residential building using Speedstac modules with external insulation from KingSpan thermal insulation boards is proposed. Methodology. The possibility of developing design solutions for a residential building made of three-dimensional blocks with the use of insulation of facades with KingSpan slabs was considered. The advantages of block construction were analyzed and design solutions were developed for the facade, arrangement of the roof, entrances and constructive elevators in the building for people with limited physical abilities, protective premises made of steel fiber concrete. Findings. A 9-story, 54-apartment residential building is designed, which is made of three-dimensional blocks. The external walls were insulated with KingSpan plates. Originality. Application of a complex approach to the architectural design of social and safe housing. Practical value. On the example of a designed typical residential section, the following questions are considered: economical and quick-build mass housing construction in the form of buildings from volumetric blocks, energy efficiency issues are solved by the use of effective heat-insulating panels, for protection against artillery fire, the option of arranging premises made of monolithic reinforced concrete structural elements from steel fiber concrete, which has increased impact resistance characteristics, for people with physical disabilities and mobility restrictions, a solution is proposed in the form of a separate entrance to the residential section with the use of a ramp and a lift to the common corridor and elevator.
Chemical stability aspects of BaCe0.7–xFexZr0.2Y0.1O3–δ mixed ionic-electronic conductors as promising electrodes for protonic ceramic fuel cells
Authors: Tarutina Liana , Starostina Inna , Vdovin Gennady , Pershina Svetlana , Vovkotrub Emma , Murashkina Anna
Published: December 2023

Mixed ion-electron conductors (MIECs) are promising materials for air electrodes for protonic ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs) or oxygen permeation membranes. In this work, various aspects of the chemical stability of Co-free MIEC materials, BaCe0.7–xFexZr0.2Y0.1O3–δ, were studied, including their interaction with another functional material (BaCe0.5Zr0.3Y0.1Yb0.1O3–δ-based proton-conducting electrolyte) and gas components (H2O, CO2, and H2). Chemical compatibility studies indicate no visible chemical interaction between the electrode and electrolyte materials even at 1200 °C, which is significantly higher than the operating temperatures (600–800 °C) of PCFCs. The treatments of BaCe0.7–xFexZr0.2Y0.1O3–δ in different atmospheres at 1100 °C, according to the XRD, SEM, IR and Raman spectroscopy data, resulted in the formation of impurity phases. However, their extremely small amounts suggest that they may not form at the operating temperatures. Thus, it can be assumed that the studied materials can be good candidates for various electrochemical applications.
Acknowledgment of Chimica Techno Acta’s reviewers for 2023
Authors: Medvedev Dmitry A.
Published: December 2023

We thank the scientists and experts in various fields represented in Chimica Techno Acta (CTA) for dedicating their time and effort to review the papers that we have sent them. Their assistance ensures that the CTA journal maintains a high-quality peer-review process, which is of paramount importance for the published articles. The CTA editorial office appreciates the contributions of the following reviewers and looks forward to future collaboration.