bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance of Vietnamese shipping firms: a four random components stochastic frontier approach
Authors: Mai Thanh , Dinh Quang , Quach Ha , Nguyen Van
Published: June 2023

This study aims to measure the overall technical efficiency score and analyze its determinants in the Vietnamese shipping industry. The data used in the study is the enterprise census data set collected by the General Statistics Office of Vietnam from 2016 to 2020. A major difference in this study compared to other empirical studies about the efficiency in Vietnam is that we applied the stochastic frontier analysis with four random components. The results of measuring efficiency scores show that: The average overall technical efficiency (OTE) score of Vietnamese shipping firms is 0.539. In which the persistent technical efficiency (PTE) score averaged 0.883 and the transitory technical efficiency (TTE) score averaged 0.60. It shows that the potential for operational efficiency of Vietnamese shipping firms is still very large. The results of the analysis of the determinants of OTE showed that. Internal firm characteristics such as firm size, firm age, return on equity of firm have a positive effect on OTE. And state-owned firms are less efficient than non-state firms. Besides, factors such as participation in international shipping, the quality of economic institutions also have a positive relationship with OTE. However, financial constraint, specifically the level of credit outstanding, is the main cause of slowing OTE growth.
Prácticas de movilidad cotidiana y estructura urbana en el entorno periurbano: Lomas Coloradas y Portal de San Pedro, San Pedro de la Paz (Chile)
Authors: Arévalo-Molina Yabel , Pérez-Bustamante Leonel , Villouta-Gutiérrez Daniela
Published: June 2023

The aim of this article is to comprehend daily mobility practices in contiguous peri-urban residential areas that have different characteristics in terms of their historical origin, urban design and layout, socioeconomic level, and access to public transportation, using the areas of Lomas Coloradas and Portal de San Pedro in the commune of San Pedro de la Paz. From a quantitative analysis, the level of integration allowed by the urban fabric was analyzed comparatively using the Space Syntax method (Hiller et al., 1987) through the depthMapX software, to then identify the number of facilities and population density based on data from the 2017 census. Finally, mobility was studied by applying semi-structured surveys focused on supply. The results show that the type of urban fabric and its level of local integration lose importance in daily mobility practices when it comes to intercommunal travel. Thus, within the transport offer, just satisfying access to these areas does not ensure the reduction of the urban inequality observed in the daily mobility of people.
Rehabilitando un barrio de vivienda masiva en Barcelona, ¿una transformación exitosa?
Authors: Vila-Vázquez José Ignacio
Published: June 2023

Mass housing neighborhoods emerged in the second half of the twentieth century as an important part of the affordable social housing stock in Southern Europe, but now these are suffering from social problems and physical degradation. This article, which focuses on a case study of an archetypical transformation of a housing estate in Barcelona (Canyelles), aims at identifying the conditions needed to reduce social inequalities in this type of neighborhood and implement urban rehabilitation programs. The mixed methodology applied consisted of a combination of semi-structured interviews with the main actors involved, a focus group with the neighborhood council, and a multivariate statistical analysis of intra-urban fine-scale social indicators. Based on these methods, the urban transformation projects and their social consequences, which can be observed in the evolution of the social composition of the neighborhood, are analyzed. A significant improvement in the quality of life of the neighbors is seen as a result of the housing rehabilitation and renovation of public spaces programs. Ultimately, these changes are contributing to increasing social integration, as well as initiating a gentrification process.
Living Lab, interrupted? Exploring new methods for postdigital exchange on WeChat with urban-rural Living Labs in China and Germany during COVID-19
Authors: Braybrooke Kit , Xiao Gaoli , Lynam Ava
Published: June 2023

This paper explores the possibilities of a two-phase postdigital ethnographic method for engaging with Living Labs in difficult-to-access physical fields. Our WeChat photo exchange group, ‘URA 照片分享群’, was prototyped through two experimentation rounds, in which participants of 3 Living Labs in China and Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic exchanged photos and insights about their everyday experiences. The approach was revealed to be an efficient tool to build rapport with field informants and gain impressions of local socio-spatial practices, while also challenged by trust-building, biases, and research ethics. We conclude with four design principles for future studies with participants in Living Labs where physical co-location is not possible.
Fostering Ethical Organizational Climate and Workplace Spirituality To Prevent Deviance and Misbehaviours at Workplace
Authors: Kaur MS Gurpreet , Chaturvedi Prof (Dr)Vijit , Yadav Dr DS
Published: June 2023

The objective of this research is to examine the role of workplace spirituality in reducing undesirable workplace behaviours. Organizational misbehaviour, as defined by Vardi and Wiener 1996 1, is any voluntary act by employees that violates fundamental organizational or society norms. Employee deviant behavior is defined as employee deliberate activity that breaches standard norms of the organization and endangers organizational well-being." Deviant misbehaviors that occur within the organization are often deemed as unethical deviations and sometimes develop due to environmental factors. Factors within the organizational environment such as organizational support, management support, role conflict, and work demand have been shown to be significant correlates of deviant behaviors. Deviations are often identified as responses to undesirable stimulus that elicits negative emotional state among employees. Additionally, it aims to investigate "ethical organizational climate" as a potential catalyst in enhancing the negative effects of workplace spirituality on unruly employee behaviours. Data was collected from 158 salespersons employed in private sector banking and insurance organizations and analysed using AMOS-SEM (structural equation modelling). The findings suggested that a direct positive relationship exists between workplace spirituality and ethical organizational climate. Also, ethical organizational climate exerted significant negative effects on salespersons deviant misbehaviours, thereby reducing them and acted as an overall mediator in the relationship between workplace spirituality and deviant misbehaviours among salespeople working in banking and insurance. The implications can help professionals working in the financial sectors in curbing deviant misbehaviours by embracing a more spiritual and ethical work culture for the benefit of their workers, their company, and the greater society. Thus, the research is novel to specifically focus on how workplace spirituality with a mediating effect of ethical work climate makes a difference.
CROWDFUNDING: AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO ISLAMIC FUNDING
Authors: Pratiwi Rizka Estisia , Meirani Nadia , Khumairah Khumairah , Saharan Mohd. Shafiz , Hassan Hasrol Effendy
Published: June 2023

This study aimed to explore deeper conceptually about crowdfunding as alternative funding according to Islamic principles. There are still limitations to looking for similar research, so this research will be fundamental to study, especially for business actors or investors who want to take part in a halal business and have a high social value. Based on published studies and indexed by Scopus, this research is based on bibliometric research to see the conceptual development of Islamic crowdfunding. The bibliometric approach to reviews has gained popularity due to several factors, including the introduction of software, cross-disciplinary methods, and increased ability to handle large volumes of data. The results showed that the development of literature on Islam Crowdfunding as alternative Islamic funding had made rapid progress in recent years. The existence of public awareness of social values and welfare is one of the factors that support the success of Islamic crowdfunding. Crowdfunding is beneficial for funding companies. It dramatically facilitates investors in getting access to information related to the distribution of funds that must be done as well as from the side of the return of funds.
SUSTAINABLE CONSUMPTION IN WEST JAVA: GREEN BUYING INTENTIONS FROM MILLENNIALS
Authors: Sari Diana , Zusnita Wa Ode , Agueni R. Ghifari Ramadhana , Febrianti Tri
Published: June 2023

This study will examine how sustainable consumption values, which consist of functional values, social values, and emotional values influence the purchase intention of green products. Based on the theory of consumption value, this study will examine the antecedents of green purchasing intentions among young adults (Millennials) in West Java Province, as the Province with the largest population in Indonesia. Structural equation modelling technique, Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) is applied to data collected from respondents through online surveys. Overall consumption value which consists of functional value, social value, and emotional value has an influence on the intention to buy green in generation Z and millennial generation in West Java with social value is the highest factor of consumption value which has an influence on consumption value, so that it can influence buying interest in green products in West Java. Therefore, there are several rooms for improvement in this research for further researchers. As the sample of the currents study was collected from a specific region, West Java and will have a broader results by taking larger region other than West Java.
TEORI OLIGARKI WINTERS ATAS PENAMBANGAN BATUBARA DI KALIMANTAN TIMUR (RELASI PENGUSAHA MENJADI PENGUASA)
Authors: Febriani Anita
Published: June 2023

Potret Oligarki terjadi dalam proses penambangan batu bara di Kalimantan Timur. Elite pemegang kekuasaan banyak terlibat berkolaborasi menjadi rantai pengeruk sumber daya tambang di Kalimantan Timur. Film Sexi Killer karya WatchDoc Documentary memberikan gambaran yang jelas bagaimana para elite terlibat menjadi pemain tambang batubara di Kalimantan Timur. Penambangan batubara tak lantas mendatangkan kesejahteraan bagi masyarakat sekitar, tetapi justru membawa berbagai bencana lingkungan. Beberapa nama elite penguasa terseret dalam lingkaran praktik bisnis penambangan. Teori oligarki Jefri A. Winters mampu menjelaskan mengapa potret ini dapat terjadi. Demokrasi seolah tergelincir dalam lingkaran oligarki. Para elite mengendalikan sumber daya material untuk meningkatkan kekayaan dan mempertahankan posisi sosialnya.
NEGOSIASI PERSUASIF BRAND LOKAL ERIGO DALAM MEMBANGUN KEMITRAAN
Authors: Afi Nabilah Fikriyah , Cahyoningtyas Della Ervinna , Wulandari Dyah Ayu , Benadad Sela Ady Elta
Published: June 2023

Erigo merupakan salah satu brand yang menyediakan produk fashion dimana menyasar kalangan muda dengan konsep street style yang cocok untuk bepergian maupun dikenakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Saat ini, brand Erigo cukup terkenal sebagai penyedia fashion dan dianggap memiliki strategi penjualan yang kuat hingga mampu menguasai pasar nasional. Untuk itu dalam menguasai pasar, Erigo bekerjasama dengan komponen kemitraan seperti pembisnis besar dan pembisnis UMKM dalam memperoleh keuntungan yang sama. Langkah awal Erigo dalam melakukan kemitraan adalah dengan cara memilih jenis kemitraan, setelah itu, pihak yang sudah berhasil dalam melakukan negosiasi menjadi rekan bisa langsung melakukan bisnis sesuai tertera dalam kontak. Untuk itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana konsep negosiasi persuasif yang dilakukan oleh Erigo dalam membangun kemitraan hingga sukses di pasaran dan memperoleh keuntungan yang sama. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode pendekatan kualitatif sebagai prosedur penelitian yang menghasilkan data desktriptif berupa kata-kata tertulis atau lisan dari orang-orang dan perilaku yang diamati . hasil akhir dalam mencapai negosiasi persuasive yaitu sampai dengan mencapai kesepakatan yang menguntungkan bagi kedua belah pihak, sehingga untuk Erigo dan pengusaha yang lainnya sama-sama merasa menang. Oleh karena itu, selama pelaksanaan negosiasi persuasive hal penting yang harus selalu diperhatikan adalah prinsip kaidah kencana yakni, negoasiasikan kepentingan bukan pendirian.
INOVASI BAZAR PELAYANAN PEMERINTAH KECAMATAN MAYANGAN KOTA PROBOLINGGO PADA TAHUN 2022
Authors: Antok Supriyanto , Maulana Guruh Dwi Boby
Published: June 2023

Penerapan perubahan (change) yang dilakukan Kecamatan Mayangan merupakan proses perbaikan dari sistem yang telah ada. Inovasi yang dilakukan Pemerintah Kecamatan Mayangan yaitu dalam rangka meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan melalui bazar pelayanan yang dilakukan setiap 2 (dua) bulan sekali. Tujuan penelitian Untuk mengetahui bagaimana proses Inovasi Pemerintah Kota Probolinggo Dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas pelayanan Melalui Bazar Pelayanan Di Kecamatan Mayangan  Pada Tahun 2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Partisipasi masyarakat terhadap inovasi bazar pelayanan ini sangat antusias dan masyarakat juga ikut serta dalam hal UMKM yang digelar di halaman Kecamatan Mayangan. Faktor penghambat dan faktor pendukung terkait Inovasi Pemerintah Kota Probolinggo Kecamatan Mayangan dalam meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan melalui bazar pelayanan pada tahun 2022. Faktor penghambat yaitu masyarakat masih kurang mengerti bagaimana proses inovasi bazar pelayanan ini. Faktor pendukung bazar pelayanan, peningkatan dari majengan berlari, dimana pelayanan yang dilakukan adalah layanan yang ada dikumpulkan dalam satu lokasi dalam waktu yang telah ditentukan.
PENILAIAN KINERJA PEGAWAI MELALUI PENERAPAN SISTEM E-KINERJA DI BIRO PEMERINTAHAN DAN OTONOMI DAERAH PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT
Authors: Rahmatul Putra Nanda , Frinaldi Aldri
Published: June 2023

Salah satu wujud dari adanya reformasi birokrasi adalah penggunaan system e-kinerja. E-kinerja merupakan aplikasi berbasis web yang digunakan untuk melakukan penilaian dan pengukuran kinerja para pegawai berdasarkan analisis jabatan dan analisis beban kerja, dan juga menjadi dasar dalam perhitungan prestasi kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana penerapan aplikasi E-Kinerja pada Biro Pemerintahan dan OTDA Provinsi Sumateera Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Lokasi penelitian ini dilakukan di Biro Pemerintahan dan OTDA Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan meliputi wawancara dan pemanfaatan dokumentasi tertulis. Selanjutnya teknik analisis data yang digunakan oleh peneliti adalah dengan pengumpulan data, reduksi data, klasifikasi data, penyajian data, dan yang terakhir penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa penerapan aplikasi E-Kinerja di lingkungan Biro Pemerintahan dan OTDA Provinsi Sumatera Barat sudah berjalan dengan baik, akan tetapi masih perlu penyempurnaan yakni dari segi SDM selaku objek dalam penerapan aplikasi ini dan dari segi sistem aplikasi yang berjalan agar terwujudnya kinerja yang efektif dan efisien
IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM BANTUAN LANGSUNG TUNAI DANA DESA (BLT- DD) DALAM MERINGANKAN BEBAN MASYARAKAT MISKIN TERDAMPAK COVID-19 DI DESA MANGGAR RAYA KECAMATAN TANJUNG LAGO KABUPATEN BANYUASIN
Authors: Winata Prayogi , Isabella Isabella , Walidain Amaliatul
Published: June 2023

Implementasi program bantuan langsung tunai dana desa (BLT-DD) dalam meringankan beban masyarakat miskin terdampak covid-19 di Desa Manggar Raya Kecamatan Tanjung Lago Kabupaten Banyuasin menggunakan teori Van Meter Van Horn untuk di analisa terdapat enam indikator yaitu standar dan sasaran kebijakan. Pada indikator ini ditemukan adanya masalah tidak tepat sasaran, dimana terdapat masyarakat yang menerima dua bantuan disebabkan oleh data dari DTKS yang tidak valid dan tidak di update kembali oleh pemerintah desa. Indikator lainnya seperti Sumber Daya sudah cukup, karakterisitik Agen Pelaksana/Implementor sudah memiliki SOP yang baku, komunikasi sudah berjalan dengan baik dari adanya sosialisasi, Kecenderungan Sikap/Disposisi sudah jelas mengarah kepada kepentingan masyarakat. Indikator terakhir terkait kondisi ekonomi, sosial, dan politik. Pada kondisi sosial muncul kecemburuan sosial ditengah masyarakat tetapi dapat diatasi oleh Pemerintah Desa Manggar Raya, pada kondisi ekonomi pemerintah peduli terhadap rakyat miskin di desa sehingga adanya program BLT-DD. Pada kondisi sosial politik, masyarakat dituntut untuk lebih beperan aktif agar tidak terjadi mal-administrasi oleh pemerintah. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan deskriptif dan metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan implementasi program BLT-DD di Desa Manggar Raya Kecamatan Tanjung Lago Kabupaten Banyuasin sudah berjalan dengan baik walaupun terdapat beberapa hambatan tetapi dapat diatasi oleh pihak yang telibat dalam program bantuan ini.
PERAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH TERHADAP PENGAWASAN PERTAMINA SHOP
Authors: Febriandiela Fifi , Frinaldi Aldri
Published: June 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pemerintah daerah mengatur industri Toko Pertamina di wilayahnya. Tujuan pemerintah pusat adalah untuk memberikan pemerataan bahan bakar minyak (BBM) ke seluruh wilayah Indonesia, yang menjadi dasar operasional toko Pertamina ini. Ketentuan terkait penyelenggaraan Pertashop masih belum memberikan batasan kewenangan yang jelas antara Pemerintah Pusat dan Pemerintah Daerah, yang menjadi salah satu permasalahan yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini. Masalah lainnya terkait dengan peran Pemerintah Daerah dalam pengawasan terhadap bisnis program Pertashop yang ditujukan untuk lingkup Kecamatan atau Desa. Pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Temuan studi ini menunjukkan bahwa peran pemerintah daerah dalam mengawasi bisnis pertokoan Pertamina masih belum ideal. Pemerintah pusat tetap memiliki kewenangan untuk memberikan izin program usaha bengkel Pertamina, namun peran tersebut tetap harus dimainkan oleh pemerintah daerah sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan dan gagasan otonomi daerah
Essays on Democracy, Redistribution, and Inequality
Authors:   , Koob Sigrid Alexandra
Published: June 2023

Economic inequality continues to thrive in democracies across the world. This is puzzling because theory predicts that the ideals of democracy should induce more equal societies. At the same time, high levels of inequality tend to undermine democratic institutions. It may be that many democracies are trapped in a vicious cycle of persistent economic inequality and democratic backsliding, which may be difficult to alter. The purpose of this dissertation is to examine the general question of why inequality persists in democracies with a focus on the means by which the poor can exert political influence to remedy persistent inequality and why they may fail to do so. The dissertation consists of three independent chapters. Each addresses the links between democracy, redistribution and inequality from different angles. In Chapter 1, I examine the general link between democracy and economic inequality by analysing the distributional dynamics of economic growth in democracies relative to autocracies. The chapter shows that democracies are, on average, no better than autocracies when it comes to inclusive economic growth (growth that is associated with a reduction in economic inequality). However, when countries are classified according to their de facto implementation of democratic institutions, liberal democracies do foster inclusive growth in both relative and absolute terms. Chapter 2 and Chapter 3 focus on the political power of the poor to influence redistributive policies in electoral democracies. Each chapter examines different forms of political action that are available to the poor. Chapter 2 focuses on voting and on the impact of clientelism, which may shape how elections serve to channel demand for programmatic redistribution into the political system. The chapter shows that clientelism adversely affects voter support for political candidates regardless of efforts to provide programmatic redistribution. Chapter 3 focuses on protest as an alternative (or complementary) form of political action to influence redistribution when the electoral process is curtailed. The chapter shows that the poor may hold some de facto political power by virtue of protests. However, the magnitude of that power depends on the choice of protest tactics. The dissertation arrives at these novel insights by employing both observational and experimental quantitative research designs with an emphasis on causal inference. The research questions are analysed both across countries and among individual voters in two unequal electoral democracies; Brazil and South Africa. The dissertation adds to the understanding on the causes of equilibria of persistent inequality, low programmatic redistribution, and democratic backsliding, which are liable to emerge when poor citizens are deprived of political power - at the ballot box or in the streets.
Analisis keterampilan proses sains Siswa kelas 4 SD 03 Pecangaan pada pembelajaran tatap muka
Authors: Kurniansah Edy , Masfuâ€™ah Siti , Roysa Mila
Published: June 2023

Learning has now been carried out face-to-face 100% by prioritizing the development of potential in the form of students' knowledge, attitudes, and skills. It is also necessary to balance these three aspects so as to create a dignified civilization. This study aims to analyze students' science process skills in face-to-face learning in class IV SDN 03 Pecangaan. In this study, the researcher used a quantitative approach or type of research, while for data collection, the survey data collection method was used. The samples in this study were students of SDN 03 Pecangaan, Jepara Regency, class IV A, totaling 38 students and class IV B students totaling 36 students. Data collection techniques in this study were interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. Data analysis techniques in this study are normality test and hypothesis testing. The results showed that the students' science process skills in face-to-face learning in class IV SDN 03 Pecangaan as a whole resulted in an average achievement of 41% in the medium category. With the medium category, the conclusion obtained is that some students are less able to carry out activities in science process skills.
Peran orang tua pada pembelajaran daring di masa pandemi dalam meningkatkan kualitas belajar Siswa Kelas 1 SDN Sarimulyo 02
Authors: Maharani Ika , Setiawan Deka , Fardhani Much. Arsyad
Published: June 2023

This study aims to describe the efforts of parents to improve the quality of learning for grade 1 students at SD N Sarimulyo in online learning during the pandemic. . Data collection techniques include the stages of observation, interviews, documentation. Data analysis includes data collection, data reduction, data presentation, data verification or drawing conclusions. The results showed that the efforts of parents to improve the quality of learning for grade 1 students at SD N Sarimulyo in online learning during the pandemic were to carry out the functions of parents as teachers, parents as facilitators, parents as motivators, parents as directors. As teachers, parents have the task of guiding children during online learning from home and participating in the learning process, for example understanding questions to help children learn. As facilitators, parents provide learning facilities such as stationery, textbooks to facilitate children in the learning process and facilities and infrastructure, for example providing quotas for the implementation of online learning. As a motivator, parents encourage children to carry out online learning. As directors, parents direct children according to their respective talents and interests.
Analisis karakteristik gambar anak dengan tema lingkungan sekitar kecamatan karimunjawa
Authors: Danang Alfan , Fajrie Nur , Riswari Lovika Ardana
Published: June 2023

This study aims to analyze and describe the characteristics of children's drawings with the theme of the surrounding environment based on the periodization of children's drawings at SDN 1 Kemujan. The researcher uses a narrative qualitative research type with an approach to the meaning of children's pictures (semiotics). Sources of data in this study are students who will provide information directly by conducting interviews. This research was conducted on fourth grade students of SDN 1 Kemujan. Data collection techniques include interview, observation, and documentation techniques. The data validity test in qualitative research includes credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability tests. While the data analysis technique in this study is data reduction. The results showed that the work of fourth grade students of SDN 1 Kemujan mostly showed the early stages of realism development with the number of works showing the early stages of realism as much as 4 out of or 87.1% of the total number of works. The results of student work that show the early stages of realism are marked by the tendency of students to make pictures with realistic characteristics, indicating that in their work students adapt and blend with the environment causing students to think realistically.
Pengaruh model cakrainventory terhadap pemahaman hakikat sains aspek empiris Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Pratama Deri Fadly , Widodo Ari
Published: June 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memperoleh gambaran dan menganalisis perbedaan hasil pemahaman hakikat Sains aspek Empiris pada siswa sekolah dasar melalui model Cakra inventory dengan model konvensional. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh masih rendahnya visi pembuktian pada mata pelajaran IPA Sekolah Dasar, dengan penambahan aspek yang digali dari subjek penelitian pada aspek jenis kelamin dan keminatan siswa. Model yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan kuasi eksperimen. Subjek dalam penelitian adalah 25 siswa kelas V di salah satu Sekolah Dasar di kabupaten Purwakarta. Teknik pengolahan data dilakukan menggunakan software Statistical Products and Solution Services (SPSS) yang dianalisis menggunakan Uji Independen T-Test. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah model cakrainverntory berpengaruh terhadap pemahaman hakikat sains dilihat dari nilai signifikansi yang lebih kecil dari 0.05. Simpulannya adalah pemanfaatan media lingkungan sekolah berbasis model cakrainventory mampu mempengaruhi pemahaman hakikat IPA aspek empiris. Untuk penelitian berikutnya, diharapkan penerapan model cakrainventory dapat diterapkan untuk kegiatan tematik pada satuan sekolah dasar.Â Kata kunci: Hakikat Sains, Model Cakrainventory, Aspek Empirik
The US-China Trade War in Macroeconomic Studies of the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index
Authors: Adrian Muhammad Adi , Rofiuddin Mohammad
Published: June 2023

A number of studies have been the witness of pros and cons about whether the US-China trade war affected the world’s macroeconomics. This study aims to analyze the effect of macroeconomic variables on the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index (ISSI) during the trade war period between the United States and China. The research’s assumption is delved from the occurrence of a trade war between two countries with the largest economic valuations in the world can disrupt the world economy including investment. The urgency of this research is to measure the impact of the trade war on the Indonesian sharia stock index which is one of the factors of economic growth. The analytical method used in this study is the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) to examine the long-term and short-term impacts. The results of this study indicate that in the short term the BI Rate, FED Rate, USD Exchange Rate, CNY Exchange Rate, World Gold Price, World Oil Price, Exports, and Imports have no effect on the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index (ISSI). The long-term results show that the BI Rate, CNY Rate, World Gold Price, World Oil Price, and Imports have a negative effect on the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index (ISSI), while the FED Rate, USD Rate, and Exports have a positive effect on the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index (ISSI). Based on these results the government is expected to tighten fiscal and monetary policies so that in the future if something similar happens, the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index (ISSI) remains on the right track.
Clinicians Risk Becoming "Liability Sinks" for Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Lawton Tom , Morgan Phillip , Porter Zoe , Hickey Shireen , Cunningham Alice , Hughes Nathan , Iacovides Ioanna , Jia Yan , Sharma Vishal , Habli Ibrahim
Published: June 2023

The benefits of AI in healthcare will only be realised if we considerthe whole clinical context and the AI's role in it.

The current, standard model of AI-supported decision-making inhealthcare risks reducing the clinician's role to a mere 'sense check'on the AI, whilst at the same time leaving them to be held legallyaccountable for decisions made using AI.

This model means that clinicians risk becoming "liability sinks",unfairly absorbing liability for the consequences of an AI'srecommendation without having sufficient understanding or practicalcontrol over how those recommendations were reached.

Furthermore, this could have an impact on the "second victim"experience of clinicians.

It also means that clinicians are less able to do what they are bestat, specifically exercising sensitivity to patient preferences in ashared clinician-patient decision-making process.

There are alternatives to this model that can have a more positiveimpact on clinicians and patients alike.
Recent Advancements in Deep Learning Applications and Methods for Autonomous Navigation: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Golroudbari Arman Asgharpoor , Sabour Mohammad Hossein
Published: June 2023

This review article presents recent advancements in deep learning
methodologies and applications for autonomous navigation. It analyzes
state-of-the-art deep learning frameworks used in tasks like signal
processing, attitude estimation, obstacle detection, scene perception,
and path planning. The implementation and testing methodologies of these
approaches are critically evaluated, highlighting their strengths,
limitations, and areas for further development. The review emphasizes
the interdisciplinary nature of autonomous navigation and addresses
challenges posed by dynamic and complex environments, uncertainty, and
obstacles. With a particular focus on mobile robots, self-driving cars,
unmanned aerial vehicles, and space vehicles to underscore the
importance of navigation in these domains. By synthesizing findings from
multiple studies, the review aims to be a valuable resource for
researchers and practitioners, contributing to the advancement of novel
approaches. Key aspects covered include the classification of deep
learning applications, recent advancements in methods, general
applications in the field, innovations, challenges, and limitations
associated with learning-based navigation systems. This review also
explores current research trends and future directions in the field.
This extensive overview, initiated in 2020, provides a valuable resource
for researchers of all levels, from seasoned experts to newcomers. Its
main purpose is to streamline the process of identifying, evaluating,
and interpreting relevant research, ultimately contributing to the
progress and development of autonomous navigation technologies.
Sickle Cell Disease in Burundi- An unexplored terrain?
Authors: Pendharkar Dinesh , Nirmal GARIMA
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is one of the most
common cause of mortality and morbidity in Africa. There is paucity of
data on SCD from Burundi. Methods: A cross-sectional study was
conducted using a predetermined questionnaires that included
socio-demographic characteristics, basis of diagnosis, common clinical
scenarios, transfusion requirements, usage of hydroxyurea, usage of
folic acid, and knowledge about bone marrow transplantation.
Results: Participants were 174 patients with SCD with male:
female ratio of 1:1. The median age was10 years (1.3 - 42 years). The
diagnosis of SCD was made by Emmel test in 139/168 (82.74 %) and
electrophoresis in 29/168 (17.26%) patients. Nearly 150/164 (91.4%)
patients ≥ 1 episode of Veno-occlusive crisis in the preceding year. Out
of 165 patients, 77(45.8%) required ≤3 admissions, 55 (39.4%)
>3 times and 24 (14.5 %) patients reported no admission in
past 1 year. Out of 166 patients, 131 (79%) reported no usage of
hydroxyurea, while 35 patients (21%) reported taking hydroxyurea. Among
35, only 17 were taking hydroxyurea on regular basis and 18 were taking
irregularly. Majority of patients (96.5%) were unaware of bone marrow
transplantation as a curative treatment option Conclusion: Our
data from Burundi points towards an urgent need to make hydroxyurea
available and affordable. Health systems strengthening with focus on
education and training of the healthcare professionals is a priority.
Nonlinear Continuous-time System Identification by Linearization around a Time-varying setpoint
Authors: Ebrahimkhani Sadegh , Sharabiany Mehrad Ghasem , Lataire John
Published: June 2023

This paper handles the identification of nonlinear systems through
linear time-varying (LTV) approximation. The mathematical form of the
nonlinear system is unknown and regenerated through an experiment
followed by LTV and linear parameter-varying (LPV) estimation and
integration. By employing a well-designed experiment the linearized
model of the nonlinear system around a time-varying trajectory is
obtained. The result is an LTV approximation of the nonlinear system
around that trajectory. Having estimated the LTV model, an LPV model is
identified. It is shown that the parameter-varying (PV) coefficients of
this LPV model are partial derivatives of the nonlinear system evaluated
at the trajectory. In this paper, we will show that there exists a
relation between the LPV coefficients. This structural relation in the
LPV model ensures the integrability of PV coefficients for nonlinear
reconstruction. Indeed, the vector of the LPV coefficients is the
gradient of the nonlinear system evaluated at the trajectory. Then, the
nonlinear system is reconstructed through symbolic integration of the
coefficients. The proposed method is a data-driven scheme that can
reconstruct an estimate of the nonlinear system and its mathematical
form using input-output measurements. Finally, the use of the proposed
method is illustrated via a simulation example.
Qualitative and quantitative DNA metabarcoding assessment of Neotropical ichthyoplankton communities is marker-dependent
Authors: Teixeira Daniel , Hilário Heron , Santos Gilmar , Carvalho Daniel
Published: June 2023

The study of ichthyoplankton is paramount to understanding fish
assemblages’ reproductive dynamics. DNA metabarcoding has been applied
as a rapid, cost-effective, and accurate taxonomy tool, allowing the
identification of multiple individuals simultaneously. However, there
remain significant challenges when using DNA metabarcoding, such as
molecular marker choice according to the taxonomic resolution and length
of the fragment to be sequenced, primer bias, incomplete reference
databases, and qualitative inferences incongruences. Here, 30
ichthyoplankton pools collected from a Neotropical River were identified
at a molecular level using DNA metabarcoding to compare the resolution,
sensibility, specificity and relative read abundance (RRA) recovery of
three molecular markers: the standard COI fragment (650pb, with each
strand analyzed individually) and two short 12S rRNA genes markers (
200bp - NeoFish and MiFish markers). The combined use of the three
markers increased the genera detection rates by 25% to 87.5%, allowing
an increased taxonomic coverage and robust taxonomic identification of
complex neotropical ichthyoplankton communities. RRA is
marker-dependent, indicating caution is still needed whilst inferring
species abundance based on DNA metabarcoding data when using
PCR-dependent protocols.
Migrações contemporâneas em debate
Authors: Miranda Bruno , Ribeiro Vicente
Published: June 2023

Migrações contemporâneas em debate: apresentação
Louças, escovas de dente e brinquedos para crianças
Authors: Alves Daniela
Published: June 2023

Este texto analisou a cultura material associada às crianças do sítio arqueológico Praça Brigadeiro Sampaio, situado no atual Centro Histórico de Porto Alegre/RS. Com o auxílio de fontes escritas, foi verificado que preceitos de nutrição, higiene e recreação influenciaram a sociedade porto-alegrense nas primeiras décadas do século XX. Inferiu-se que os objetos individualizados, como brinquedos, escovas de dente e louças decoradas com motivos infantis refletiram, possivelmente, a consolidação da percepção dos adultos sobre as crianças como seres com características específicas. Por outro lado, observou-se a propagação da noção de eugenia, que buscava educar as crianças para a construção de uma “raça mais forte” e uma “nação melhor”.
1003-P: Cost of Care for Patients with Diabetic Kidney Disease in Veterans Health Administration
Authors: KIM KIBUM , CROOK JACOB L. , LU CHAO-CHIN S. , NELSON RICHARD E. , NYMAN HEATHER , LAFLEUR JOANNE
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) represents a substantial burden on the Veterans Health Administration (VHA). We calculated the cost of DKD care for US Veterans from the healthcare system perspective.

Methods: Veterans with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in 2015-2021 were identified using diagnosis codes, prescription records, and problem lists. We identified prevalent and incident DKD stages based on urine albumin, urine protein, and eGFR, and following the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcome definitions. Aggregate all-cause monthly healthcare costs per patient for managing each DKD stage (ie, stages 1 through 5) were estimated by summing patient-level VHA costs in incident DKD stages from January 2018 until December 2021. Summary statistics include descriptive median and interquartile ranges of per-patient per-month [PPPM] cost. All costs were inflated to 2022 US dollars (USD) based on the Consumer Price Index of all items for urban consumers.

Results and Conclusion: Out of two million US Veterans with T2D, we identified 401,214 DKD patients with 1+ incident stage progression in the follow-up period. Median PPPM all-cause healthcare cost increased exponentially from $748 at Stage 1 to $2,661 at Stage 5 (Figure). Interventions targeting patients with rapid DKD progression could markedly decrease the burden of DKD in US Veterans.

Disclosure

K.Kim: Research Support; Renalytix, GRAIL (acquired by Illumina in 2021), AstraZeneca. J.L.Crook: None. C.S.Lu: None. R.E.Nelson: None. H.Nyman: None. J.Lafleur: Research Support; Renalytix, Genentech, Inc., Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation.
1004-P: Association of Social Needs with 30-Day Readmission and Length of Stay
Authors: BHANDARI SANJAY , WALKER REBEKAH J. , DAWSON APRILL Z. , WILLIAMS JONI S. , EGEDE LEONARD E.
Published: June 2023

Introduction: The objective of this study was to investigate if social needs are associated with inpatient quality metrics (30-day readmission [30DR], length of stay [LOS]) and if the relationship differed for individuals with and without diabetes.

Methods: We used the data from electronic medical records at a tertiary academic hospital in Southern Wisconsin for patients aged 18 years or older with inpatient encounters during which data on social needs were collected between February 2021 to December 2021. Patient demographics including age, gender, race, and insurance along with comorbidities, social needs, LOS and readmission information were extracted for the index inpatient encounter. The social needs items included financial strain, food insecurity, housing insecurity, and transportation need. Appropriate models were run to assess the association of social needs with the outcomes, overall and with interaction for DM status

Results: Overall, 13,010 patients were included in our study. Only 7.2% reported presence of any social needs with financial strain as the most frequently reported need (5.3%) and 24% of the sample had diabetes. Overall, there was no significant association of the presence of any social needs with either 30DR or LOS. In addition, there were no significant interactions for DM status indicating relationship was similar for individuals with and without DM.

Conclusion: The overall prevalence of any material needs was much lower than national estimates. Presence of social needs was not associated with 30RR and LOS. Investigation is needed for best practices in collecting social needs in inpatient setting.

Disclosure

S.Bhandari: None. R.J.Walker: None. A.Z.Dawson: None. J.S.Williams: None. L.E.Egede: None.
1009-P: Cost-Effectiveness of MiniMed 780G Therapy Compared with Multiple Daily Injections (MDI) with Intermittently Scanned Continuous Glucose Monitoring (isCGM) in People with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D)—A Singapore Perspective
Authors: GARDNER DAPHNE , LAKKAD MRINMAYEE , QIU ZHIYU , INOUE YUTA , RAMA CHANDRAN SURESH , WHERRY KAEL
Published: June 2023

Objective: To assess cost-effectiveness of the MiniMed™ 780G (MM780G) system compared to MDI paired with isCGM when used by people with T1D in Singapore, in a simulation study.

Methods: The IQVIA Core Diabetes Model was used to estimate complications, costs, and quality of life over a lifetime among a cohort of people with T1D in Singapore. Change in HbA1c was sourced from a 6-month randomized controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04235504). Demographic characteristics and baseline HbA1c were gathered from local databases. Cost inputs were derived from the literature and localized data. The cohort assumed a mean age of 32.2±15.9 years, was 76% female and had a HbA1c of 8.4%±1.84% at baseline. HbA1c was reduced by 1.5±0.7% with MM780G and by 0.2±0.8% with MDI + isCGM, after 6 months. Rates of hypoglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis were taken from the literature for the MDI + isCGM group and were assumed to be 0% in MM780G patients based on trial results. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the impact of parameter uncertainty and model assumptions.

Results: MM780G was associated with increased quality-adjusted life years (QALY) compared to MDI + isCGM (13.03±0.16 years for MM780G vs. 12.00±0.14 for MDI + isCGM), alongside increased costs (SGD 256,289 ± SGD 4,525 for MM780G vs. SGD 209,237 ± SGD 4,217 for MDI + isCGM). The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) in the base case was SGD 45,483 per QALY. The probabilistic sensitivity analysis indicated a 60.0% probability that MM780G is cost-effective compared to MDI + isCGM in T1D, at a willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold of SGD 45,000 (USD $33,300) per QALY.

Conclusions: At a WTP threshold of SGD 45,000 per QALY, MM780G is cost-effective compared to MDI + isCGM in a population of people with T1D in Singapore.

Disclosure

D.Gardner: None. M.Lakkad: None. Z.Qiu: Employee; Medtronic. Y.Inoue: Employee; Medtronic. S.Rama chandran: Advisory Panel; Medtronic, Dexcom, Inc., Speaker's Bureau; Medtronic, Abbott, Boehringer Ingelheim Inc., Sanofi, AstraZeneca. K.Wherry: Employee; Medtronic, Stock/Shareholder; Medtronic.
1012-P: Trends in Enrollment in Medicare Advantage Plans among Older Adults with Diabetes, 2015–2020
Authors: WEINSTEIN JOSHUA M. , MUTHUKKUMAR RASHMI , YOUNG LAURA A. , KAHKOSKA ANNA R.
Published: June 2023

Existing literature has found an increase in the proportion of older adults that enroll in Medicare Advantage (MA) plans relative to those enrolling in traditional Medicare (TMed). Similarly, previous studies have shown that individuals with diabetes are more likely to enroll in MA plans than those without diabetes. Our objective was to determine whether trends for enrollment in MA plans among adults with diabetes followed a similar trend to those without diabetes. We used the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS) to calculate the proportion of the Medicare-eligible population enrolling in MA vs. TMed each year from 2015 - 2020. We stratified these rates by diabetes diagnosis (any diabetes vs. no diabetes), and further by diabetes type (Type 1 vs. Type 2). Like previously published literature, we found that those with diagnosed diabetes has higher rates of MA enrollment than those without diabetes. MA enrollment trends followed a similar pattern among those with diabetes compared to those without. Among those without diabetes, MA enrollment rates increased from 34.2% in 2015 to 40.5% in 2020. Among those with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes, MA enrollment rates increased from 38.8% to 46.9% and from 38.4% to 45.8%, respectively. In relative terms, MA enrollment increased by 20.9% among those with Type 1 Diabetes, 13.9% among those with Type 2 Diabetes, 15.9% with other diabetes, and 18.3% without diabetes.

Disclosure

J.M.Weinstein: Research Support; Dexcom, Inc. R.Muthukkumar: None. L.A.Young: Research Support; Novo Nordisk, Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Eli Lilly and Company, Jaeb Center for Health Research, Sanofi, Boehringer-Ingelheim. A.R.Kahkoska: None.

Funding

National Institutes of Health (KL2TR002490, UL1TR002489)
1014-P: Evaluation of Diabetic Ketoacidosis Management with a Subcutaneous Insulin Lispro PowerPlan
Authors: QUAYTMAN JACOB , KARSLIOGLU-FRENCH ESRA , DONIHI AMY
Published: June 2023

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) has traditionally been treated with a continuous intravenous insulin infusion, often requiring management in an intensive care unit (ICU) or step-down unit. There has been growing evidence supporting the use of subcutaneous rapid-acting insulin analogs to treat mild-to-moderate DKA (alert patient able to tolerate oral fluid intake, pH >7.0, bicarbonate ≥10), helping to decrease costs and ICU-bed utilization. We sought to establish the efficacy and safety of a subcutaneous insulin lispro protocol developed at UPMC for the treatment of mild-to-moderate DKA. A retrospective chart review was performed on patients across 15 institutions in the UPMC network from February-October 2022 who had the adult DKA PowerPlan subcutaneous insulin lispro subphase ordered. Of 111 cases analyzed, 47 cases were included that properly used the PowerPlan to treat mild-to-moderate DKA. DKA resolution using the PowerPlan was reached in 45/47 (95.7%) cases. The two unsuccessful cases involved delayed recognition of DKA in the emergency department and premature transition to a prandial insulin regimen before DKA resolution. Hypoglycemia (defined as glucose <70) occurred in 9/47 (19.1%) encounters. Only 1/47 (2.1%) encounters involved hypoglycemia directly attributable to the subcutaneous insulin lispro PowerPlan. The remaining cases of hypoglycemia were attributed to not reducing insulin doses when glucoses were <250, giving insulin doses sooner than 2 hours before the prior dose, not starting dextrose-containing fluids when glucoses were <250, and higher co-administered basal insulin doses (>0.3 units/kg). Overall, these results suggest that a subcutaneous insulin analog can be safely and effectively used to treat mild-to-moderate DKA in non-ICU settings.

Disclosure

J.Quaytman: None. E.Karslioglu-french: Research Support; Abbott. A.Donihi: None.