bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CHANGES IN SOIL CARBON AND NITROGEN DYNAMICS DURING A THREE YEAR CROP ROTATION ON A CHERNOZEM SOIL IN THE SOUTHERN UKRAINE
Authors: Medinets S. V. , Skiba U. M. , Medinets V. I. , Bilanchin Ya. M. , Pitsyk V. Z. , Goshurenko L. M. , Kotogura S. S.
Published: June 2023

Soils in the southern Ukraine have been reported to have lost 32% to 40%, or 51 to 71 t ha-1 of their original soil organic matter (SOM) pool between 1881-1981, mainly due to inappropriate soil management by collective farms during 1930-1981. In this period agricultural management was directed towards irresponsible expansion of arable fields and short-term yield increases. Modern, sustainable agricultural management is slowly being introduced. There is a need to assess to what extend such methods stabilize and build new SOM to support and increase fertility both in the short and long-term. This study investigates the influence of a modern crop rotation (onion-tomato-barley) on one field, which was tilled, fertilized, irrigated and harvested in response to the crops needs, on the dynamics of total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) storage in the fertile topsoil of a Chernozem typical for southern Ukraine. Crop residue remained on the field. The results of three years (2007-2009) of quarterly monitoring of the key topsoil parameters TOC, TN, extractable mineral N (NH4+, NO3-, NO2-), pH, potential net N mineralisation (MIN) and nitrification (NITR) rates and physical characteristics (bulk density, soil texture) are discussed. Moderate (114 kg N ha-1 yr-1) and low (28 kg N ha-1 yr-1) N fertilizer applications together with adequate drip irrigation for onion and tomato and incorporation of plant residue did significantly change the C and N pools. Total organic carbon and TN contents of the topsoil horizon (0-74 cm) were found to increase by 20% (26.8 t C ha-1) and 38% (5.9 t N ha-1), respectively. Largest increases were measured in the surface layer (0-27 cm) with a 45% increase in TOC and a 36% increase in TN content. The largest average soil NH4+ content of the topsoil horizon (0-74 cm) was observed in 2009 under barley (154.9±41.3 kg N ha-1) and the maximum average NO3- content was 166.9±44.5 kg N ha-1 under tomato in 2008. Mineralisation and nitrification rates significantly varied between years and with season and were largest in the first year of the crop rotation (onion), 41.0±57.3 kg N ha-1 and 36.6±74.4 kg N ha-1 for MIN and NITR, respectively. The incorporation of plant residues and efficient N fertilizer applications within a crop rotation appeared to be effective in stabilizing the existing SOM and promoting SOM build-up.
IN MEMORY OF EUGENE KONIKOV
Authors: Pedan G. S.
Published: June 2023

In memory of Prof. E. G. Konikov
NORMALIZATION DESIGN CHARACTERISTICS OF MAXIMUM RUNOFF OF SPRING FLOOD IN SEVERSKI DONETS RIVER BASIN, BASED ON THE FORMULAS OF THE VOLUMETRIC TYPE
Authors: Gopchenko E. D. , Harkavenko Y. О.
Published: June 2023

Purpose. The subject of research is maximum runoff of spring flood in Severski Donets river basin. The task intention consist in substantiation normative-calculation base and on its ground to accomplish a spatial generalization of data of maximum runoff of rivers in Severski Donets river basin.
Methodology. For calculation of characteristics of maximum runoff of spring flood have suggested a great deal of calculation schemas and formulas. At present-day stage it classify for two group. First group it is empirical and semiempirical methods. Second group is methods that base on theory of channel isochronal. At present day we used regulations on calculation of characteristics  of maximum runoff of spring flood on territory Ukraine in particular SNiP 2.01.14-83, refer to first group. The main disadvantage of regulations is neglect of major factor forming   flood s that have been limited to use in different physiographic conditions. On the other hand, methods lean on theory of channel isochronal do not have necessary of quantity of starting material of hydrological regimen of river and temporary watercourse. The authors have proposed the computational scheme, it which is based on the geometrical model of reduction  hydrograph. The basic data are maximum modulus and two transformation functions – channel and channel-inundable regulation.
Finding. The methods have been realize as exemplified in supervisions over maximum runoff of spring flood in Severski Donets river basin. Propose structure design formulas have been distinguish from that she is universal from the point of view of dimension columbine and genetic type of floods and freshet.
Results. The m ethods have been lead to the level of direct practical use instead of obsolete regulations SNiP 2.01.14-83.
NATURE-BASED TOURISM AND CONDITIONS OF ITS DEVELOPMENT IN TRANSCARPATHIAN REGION
Authors: Medvid L.
Published: June 2023

Preserving the environment for future generations is one of the most important tasks in all regions. Increasing urbanization processes and the resulting adverse environment made society and a human being pay attention to nature and communicate with it. Nature-oriented forms of tourism are called in special and popular literature: mild, nature (natural), mountain (alpine), rural (green, agrotourism), environmental. The purpose of the study: the development of nature-based forms of tourism in the Transcarpathian region. The aim is to define the role and place of the nature tourism in nature-based forms of tourism; to consider the preconditions for their development in the Transcarpathian region. Analysis of national and international literature on the subject of geographical research; use of historical-geographical approach to the study of the subject of research; comparison and synthesis of the research tasks. Transcarpathian region is one of the most attractive regions of Ukraine, where, along with modern recreational and tourist attractions areas of “wilderness” e. i. untouched nature can be found. This is the basis for the development of “new” forms of tourism in the area, which includes nature-based tourism (including – nature tourism), which is based on the use of resources, environment and development that require “wild” natural systems and their biodiversity, environmentally friendly territory, where economic activity has not changed the landscape. The basic condition for the development of nature tourism is its ecological orientation, that means it should contribute to the conservation of the natural environment and be aiming for a tourist to obtain new knowledge about nature and the world around us while traveling. The advantages of nature-based tourism is that it can be performed in amateur and in an organized form, is an effective kind of nature use and promotes the sustainable development of territories. In a general sense nature tourism is a complex of forms and ways of leisure travel in the natural environment the main advantage of which is integrity of nature or its components, and the purpose of the stay in the environment is getting new experiences, positive emotions from contact with nature and learning and exploring nature.Taking into account these characteristics it can be noted that the Transcarpathian region has all the preconditions for the development of nature tourism (natural geographic, ecological, social and economic) for sustainable development of the region. Environmental priorities of nature tourism are to ensure the preservation of pristine landscapes and wildlife on the part of local communities and travelers. Social priority aims to provide interesting and meaningful staying in the environment for tourists, improvement of life quality for local residents, maintenance of principles and requirements of nature tourism. Economic priorities are to support sustainable development of the most vulnerable and valuable areas.
RENDZINAS OF THE NORTHERN MOLDOVA FOREST-STEPPE
Authors: Оvercenco А. V. , Ursu А. F. , Marcov I. V.
Published: June 2023

Purpose. On the territory of Moldova the rendzina soils are developed on the toltrel ridges and on exposed limestone surfaces in valleys of the Dniester and Prut rivers and its numerous tributaries. The aim of the study was to assess the some sub-typical features of rendzina soil-forming in conditions of the Dniester-Prut interfluve in the northern part of Moldova.Methodology. Digging soil pits, its morphological and morphometric description, sampling for laboratory analysis, as well as the determination of physical and chemical properties were performed using approved standard methods.Findings and Results. Rendzina as a special type of intrazonal soil is developed on eroded limestone rocks. The total area of these soils is 14656 hectares, or 0.43 % of the country of Moldova. It is a very shallow soil with a dark horizon A, rich in humus, directly overlying the horizon C of very calcareous parent material.Typical rendzina are widely distributed in the northern part of Moldova on multiple sites under petrophytic steppe, while leached subtype occurs only under petrophytic forests on the slopes of the valleys.
RESULTS OF ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY INVESTIGATIONS OF N2O AND СH4 GREENHOUSE GASES
Authors: Medinets S. V.
Published: June 2023

The object of this study was the surface layer of atmosphere over typical arable lands (southern chernozems) of the South of Ukraine. The subject of this study was soil-atmosphere exchange of N2O and CH4 greenhouse gases. The aim of this article was to investigate of N2O and CH4 fluxes between soil-atmosphere and determinate the main constituents of exchange processes (emission and consumption) of these gases on southern chernozem soils in 2009 – 2010.Three automatic soil chamber systems for inert gas monitoring by accumulation (SIGMA) were used for air sampling. Fortnightly or monthly samples were analyzed by gas chromatography with ECD and FID detectors.It has been shown that soil-atmosphere exchange of N2O in that region was affected by both agricultural activity and climatic condition. Annual budget for N2O has been calculated and was 215±123 g N ha-1 in 2010. For the first time a fertilizer-induced emission factor (EF) of N2O for southern chernozems has been estimated. It is noteworthy that EF for N2O was 4 times less than IPCC recommended one. Simultaneously it has been found that southern back soils were ‘consumers’ for CH4 to a great extent in 2010 with annual CH4 budget around -208±511 g С ha-1.According to our findings, southern chernozem croplands can be considered as a small source for N2O with 0.27% EF only, but a small sink for CH4.
PUBLICLY-GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCHES OF TRANSPORT-LOGISTIC NETWORKS AND SYSTEMS
Authors: Nefedova N. E.
Published: June 2023

Among the issues of the day of economic and social development of countries an important place is occupied by the problems of forming of transport-logistic networks and systems, as effective and concerted work of a transport system and modern logistic organization of commodity streams is motive force for socio-economic development of the state. Transport networks (transport lines and knots) are examined as an inalienable link of logistic chain of motion of commodity. Functional cooperation and spatial relations that is set as a result of realization of logistic projects from advancement of commodities on the basis of an existent transport structure of lines and knots (networks) form transport-logistic networks and systems. Research aim – to consider theoretical and methodological bases of publicly-geographical researches of transport-logistic networks and systems. A research object is transport-logistic networks and systems. The article of research is features of forming, functioning and territorial organization of transport-logistic structure of lines and knots (networks) and systems. A theoretical value is generalization of theoretical experience and development of concept-category vehicle of publicly-geographical researches of transport-logistic networks and systems. A practical value is development of methodological principles and methodical approaches of publicly-geographical researches of transport-logistic networks and systems.The article is sanctified to the features of forming of the territorial transport-logistic systems and network territorial organization of transport-logistic activity. Given historical review of becoming and development of geography of transport, publicly-geographical researches of logistic and transport logistic. Considered principles of network and system organization of transport-logistic activity.
VISIBILITY AND METRIC OF GEOIMAGES AT TRAINING
Authors: Kurach T. M.
Published: June 2023

The article investigates the levels of manifestation metric and visibility as geoimages properties, found the maximum extent of their expression, providing the choice of appropriate species geoimages with specified properties for a specific purpose, such as for training. Purpose of the article – to investigate and evaluate (verbally) the expression of the metric and visibility as geoimages properties to create combined models in training. The object of the research are the property (symmetric and visibility), the subject is the extent of their possible manifestations at geoimages. Metric property laid to geoimages from their inception with the definition of the mathematical framework and the analysis of finished works in a variety of techniques (dimensions on landscape maps, morphometry, etc.). It is therefore appropriate to distinguish two levels of manifestation metricity: cartographic plotting-and object-math. Both levels allow obtaining metric characteristics of objects and phenomena, but they are laid on the ground in the design of the image, and the second operate with completed works, and their conversion and modeling methods of analysis leads to the conclusion derived geoimages with specified metric properties. Visibility provides graphic visual perception (iconic) image: readability, recognition of spatial forms of objects (size, location, links); optimum combination of graphical tools and methods of the image, unity and integrity of the image. In the study of manifestations of clarity, we can distinguish three levels: 1) readability and recognizable objects, 2) the individual characteristics of graphic processes and phenomena, and 3) the unity and integrity of the image image. Each of these levels has its own degree of manifestation. Using combined geoimages involving performance with the highest degree of visibility and manifestations metricity provide simplicity and clarity of the model while maintaining metricity. Such models, for example, there is virtual, panoramic geoimages etc. Application in the learning process will greatly simplify the perception and memorization of the necessary information, and provide ease of removal rate parametric characteristics and their treatment.
TO THE QUESTION OF PERIODIZATION OF SOIL-GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCHES OF SOUTH OF UKRAINE
Authors: Trigub Valentine I. , Popelnitskaya Nataliya A.
Published: June 2023

Due to the lack of systematic materials that would reflect the development of soil science researches in southern Ukraine, a detailed analysis of the formation of soil science and geographic searches on this territory was conducted. The article summarized the archives and published works concerning this problem. On the basis of the research were singled out six periods. The first features an accumulation of information about soils and their properties that were not systematic. For the second period (1837-1875 years) is characterized by the assembling of the first soil maps on which appeared also the chernozems of southern Ukraine and the creating of their classifications. The basis for the selection of the third period (1875-1900 years) was conducting the first scientific studies of soil under the guidance of V. V. Dokuchaev, who reflected the results of a study in his issue “Russian chernozem.” The fourth period (1900-1950 years) – features a large-scale researches of south of Ukraine, drawing up detailed soil maps, foundation of soil museum (Nabokih O. G.), conducting of zoning of areas of the Odessa Province (Tanfilev G. I.) and the Crimean peninsula (Klepinine M. M., Sobolev S. S., Mikhaylovska O. M), improving of methods of soil study. Conducting researches on the soil-geographical, soil-erosion and soil-meliorative directions became the basis of the separation of the fifth period (1950-1990 years), the results of which were shown in numerous works. For the modern – the sixth period (from 1990) inherent realization of researches aimed at understanding of soils state under conditions of heavy use. On the basis of conducted researches it was determined great theoretical and practical importance of searches conducted soil science to modern science. Based on the research it was determined great theoretical and practical importance of carried out soil science searches to modern science.
PROSPECTS HYDROCARBON PRODUCTION IN THE SOUTHWESTERN PART OF THE ODESSA-REGION UKRAINE BLACK SEA NORTHERN
Authors: Chepizhko O. V. , Kadurin V. M. , Samsonov А. І. , Shatokhina L. M.
Published: June 2023

Regions of Ukraine, including the Ukrainian Black Sea, have a number of fields with sufficiently large reserves of hydrocarbons that are available for development in a relatively short time and acceptable in terms of the likely costs and cost-effectiveness. The aim of the study is to establish the characteristics of raw hydrocarbon deposits forming the southwest part of the Odessa-region of Ukraine and determine the prospects of their acquisition. Objectives: 1. Analysis of geological and structural position of the Northern Black Sea region; 2. Evaluation of these data on proven reserves of oil and gas in the Odessa-region, Ukraine. Currently known stratigraphic range of oil and gas in the region include complex Neogene rocks (Sarmatian) and Paleozoic (Upper and Middle Devonian). The most complete information about the geological context of the sedimentary strata in the Odesa-region obtained from the drilling of deep wells located in different structural-tectonic zones. Among the geological prerequisites for determining attribution of certain areas of the Odessa-region to highly promising in regard to search for medium and large deposits of oil and gas, are considered the presence of a strong (up to 8 km) thickness of sedimentary formations favorable combination of geological section of rocks of different lithology and producing, accumulating and screening systems and installation of industrial oil-bearing Devonian sediments. The south-western part of the Odessa-region stands out as highly promising in respect of oil and gas within Prydobrudzkoyi area (Kisslinska and Izmail structure (4.5 billion m3 of natural gas)). Preferential development of hydrocarbon deposits in selected areas in the southwestern part of the Odessa-region due to the relatively low cost and short time (2 years) compared with other areas to ensure their own energy industrial-economic complex of Ukraine.
CHARACTERISTICS OF TRACE METALS SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION IN SEA BED SEDIMENTS OF THE NORTH-WESTERN BLACK SEA SHELF
Authors: Melkonyan D. V. , Velikova V. N. , Berezovska A. L.
Published: June 2023

The present work describes the characteristics of trace metals (TM) content and TM spatial distribution on the north-western Black Sea (NWBS) bottom as identified in the area of investigation (Ukrainian coastal waters); the sources of trace metals and their path-ways into the bottom sediments of the NWBS shelf were studied as well; the level of impact of the different land-based and marine-based sources on the content and distribution of trace metals in the sea-bed sediments of the shelf are described; the spatial distribution of trace metals of natural and anthropogenic origin in the sea-bed sediments of the shelf is presented.To quantitatively determine the impact of different sources (natural and anthropogenic) on the content and distribution of trace metals on the NWBS shelf bottom, specific statistical analysis of data was carried out. In particular, with the help of cumulative probability curve, the content of trace metals was separated into groups coming from different sources: natural sources – А; technogenic diffuse sources – В, technogenic point sources – С). The method proposed allows separating the share of input of the various sources forming the content and distribution of trace metals in the marine environment, as demonstrated on the example of bottom sediments in the present investigation.
SIGNIFICANCE OF ECONOMIC GEOLOGY AND GEOLOGICAL – ECONOMIC RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENT AND RENEWAL OF DOMESTIC MINERAL BASE
Authors: Kurylo M. M. , Plotnikov O. V.
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this paper is to summarize, systematize possible objects of studying in economic geology, to identify key research methods and their role in further development of domestic mineral base with regard to requirements of education and research institutions, mining and geological enterprises too.The object of economic geology is subsoil area that is characterized by the presence of minerals (components) and / or useful properties. The subjects of economic geology studying are geological, mining, technological, environmental and economic criteria that define commercial value of the subsoil area.Main research methods were identified: different methods of calculation and evaluation of mineral reserves and resources; geological, ecological and geotechnical studies that allow estimating mining risks.As results, it was defined object and subject of study, methods of teaching and scientific research in specialty “Economic Geology”. Main lines of geological and economic studies which are realized for development of domestic mineral resource base are described. The teaching experience in specialty “Economic Geology” of geological departments at domestic universities is summarized.
PELOIDS OF THE DEEP BLACK SEA – MATERIAL COMPOSITION, PROPERTIES AND POTENTIAL RESOURCES
Authors: Iemelianov V. O. , Nikitina A. O.
Published: June 2023

The main purpose of this study is to prove that certain types of genetic materials of the deepwater Black Sea sediments correspond to the notion of “deepwater peloids”, and that their stocks in the upper layers of the bottom sediments are virtually inexhaustible. To achieve the main goal the number of problems is solved, namely the particle size, mineral and chemical composition of the solid phase of the deepwater silt deposits were defined, including the analysis of their carbonate and organic matter content, moisture content, mass, density, bulk density, plastic strength, stickiness and other properties of the bottom sediments. The preliminary estimates of reserves and the prospective resources estimation of deepwater Black Sea peloids were conducted. The object of the study is the main material and genetic types of the deepwater silt sediments of the Black Sea.As the material for this study the authors used the archival and published data of analytical processing with a wide range of involved methods and core samples of bottom sediments obtained in numerous expeditions in the deep Black Sea, including those obtained during the 30th voyage of the SRS “Vladimir Parshin” (2010), as well as 62nd and 75th voyages of the SRS “Professor Vodyanitsky” (2005, 2013) [1, 3, 6]. According to their research results the authors proved that for the last 7 – 10 thousand years the multiphase dispersed heterogeneous physic-chemical system was formed in the deep Black Sea that spatially occupied mainly the upper (0 – 3 m) layer of the bottom sediments. With the unique granule-metric, mineral, chemical and physic-chemical and physic-mechanical properties, this system may be defined as “peloids”.The results of geological and geologic-environmental studies of the deepwater area of the Black Sea confirmed the perspective of conducting within its Ukrainian sector of the specific geologic exploration operations in order to delineate the deposits of the Black Sea deepwater peloids. Preliminary calculations show that such deposit may be huge in size.The target area for immediate geologic exploration works for identification of the main types of industrial deepwater Black Sea peloids, their stocks and medicinal properties is defined. Given these results it could be predicted that production and widespread use of the Black Sea deep peloids shall be economically feasible with the application of sustainable technologies and ensuring compliance with both Ukrainian and international law.
THE PROBLEMS OF QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF EROSIVE SOIL LOSSES
Authors: Pyatkova A. V.
Published: June 2023

Purpose. Today, there are several dozen models that allow us to calculate and predict water erosion soil loss. A considerable part of them is quite weighty comprehensive study, the implementation of media-art software packages and used in different regions of the world with a practical purpose. If spatial changeability of all factors of water erosion of soil is even taken into account, there are some problems of the practical use of such models. In particular, it is the verification of models, and the spatial generalization of the got results. A question appears here, which a size of elementary area of space – raster cell – must be, from what it depends and on what it influences.
Methodology. To study the impact of the raster cell size of the final result of modeling and forecasting used the GIS-realized spatial model implemented flush-accumulation of soil that was developed at the Department of Physical Geography and Nature Use of Odessa Mechnikov National University. Spatial GIS-realized a model is approved on a few test areas of steppe and forest-steppe areas of Ukraine and Russian Federation.
Finding. As a result of quantitative experiments it appeared that on the electronic maps with cell size 5 and 10 meters at the calculations of a coefficient of form of hillside catchments are expressly traced the structure of hillside rill network. Use of digital model of relief with the cell size more than 10 meters for calculations the coefficient of form of hillside catchments results in a volume, that a concentration or dispersion of temporal rills is not almost traced.
It is got, that the spatial differentiation of soil washing off is identified at the cell size to 25 meters, at the increase of cell size the spatial distributing is smoothed out, and the variation of values of washing off for areas diminishes considerably.
The nearest to the actual soil washing off from of experimental area Ploska (0.271 t/ha/year) is a average value at the cell size 10 meters – 0.233 t/ha/year (a difference makes -13.6 %).
Results. The research of influence of raster cell size on the results of calculations of norm of the thundershower soil washing off with the use of spatial GIS-realized models showed that raster cell, at the first, had a considerable influence on end-point – distributing and size of soil washing off, at the second, in dependence there is authentication of structure of the hillside flowing down on the cell size, at the third, for small hillside area with the purpose of optimization of the land use expediently to use the cell size not more than 10 meters.
THE MAIN DIRECTIONS OF THEMATIC PROCESSING OF REMOTE SENSING DATA IN RUSSIA: LANDSCAPE ASPECT
Authors: Zagul’s’ka O. B.
Published: June 2023

Purpose. Publications of the Russian scientific last years in the field of thematic processing aero- and space images about use for the solution of problems of a landscape science are analysed.
Methodology. The publications of the Russian scientists specified in the list of references were a source of information.
Finding. In Russia achieved decent success in the field of automatic interpretation of earth cover. One of the leading places in the structure of remote sensing occupies the working of techniques for the study of vegetation. Landscape complex as a whole object of research by the methods of remote sensing in recent years become rare. Elementary landscape complexes are determined by images of vegetation, the system of landscape standards for training of the automated systems is created. The technique of interpretation of landscapes is developed for the applied purposes. Works in which landscape approach is applied meet. A number of works has an indicative orientation. Among priority a question of the automated allocation in images of compound natural, natural-anthropogenous and anthropogenous structures. The technique of recognition of images according to multispectral and hyperspectral remote sensing is actively developed.
Results. In Russia the technique of automatic landscape mapping on aero- and to satellite images isn’t developed yet. Progress has been made only in the decoding of the individual components of landscapes, particularly vegetation.
AGROCLIMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT BY SPRING FROST DAMAGE OF OVIDIOPOLSKYI AND LANKA GRAPE VARIETIES
Authors: Lyashenko G. V. , Marinin E. I.
Published: June 2023

Purpose. The aim is to assess the degree of risk of damage to the grapes of different varieties of spring frost using the developed model, the conditional probability of frost.
Methodology. The initial information was compiled observations in the Odessa region in the thermal regime in the spring and autumn periods in five agrometeorological stations (Odessa, Bolhrad, Ishmael, Serb and Sarata) in wine-growing zone. Calculations were made for table varieties and wine grapes – Ovidiopolskii and Lanka. To determine the risk of frost damage to grapes used the method of conditional probabilities.
Finding. Termination date of spring frosts observed much earlier onset dates vegetative phases of grapes, in some circumstances, freezing in the active layer can be up to very dangerous levels.
Results. In the course of this work it was found that over the past decade, the timing of phenological phases grapes shifted to a later time. Such changes are observed both for dining and for wine grapes with varying degrees of ripening period. For the entire period of time periods offensive phase «Start Sap» and «bud» has shifted almost a decade. Nevertheless, despite the fact that according to the temperature in the meteorological hut (at 2 m) the risk of damage to grapes in the spring varies from 8 to 15% in the layer of air 50 cm from the soil surface can be observed risks of damage from 40 to 95 %.
BALNEOLOGIC, BALNEOMUD AND CLIMATIC RECREATIONAL RESOURCES NORTH-WESTERN BLACK SEA COAST IN RESORT FUNCTION OF REGION
Authors: Molodetsky A. E. , Pyshnaya A. A.
Published: June 2023

Balneology and climate balneomud recreational resources are an important component of recovery, treatment and rehabilitation of all population groups. The most modern and equipped resorts North-Western Black Sea can potentially significantly increase its contribution to improving the quality of life of the population and the resort functions of region. This article discusses some of the profiling of the Black Sea and recreation systems balneomud climatetype, and the use of their resources. Objective of this paper is to study mineral and mud resources of the most important territorial recreation systems of the three regions of the North-Western Black Sea region of Ukraine: Odessa, Mykolayiv and Kherson in terms of their recreational and tourist use, aswell as to diversify the socio-economic features of the region. We used the methods of content analysis of the literature and reporting information, statistical processing of data, estimates Bonitation factors functioning and development of recreation systems. Having studied in this research balneotherapy, mud-bath and climatic resources in the most perspective recreational systems Northwestern Black Sea resorts on the example ofOdessa, Nikolaev, Kherson region, we have identified the characteristics of their recreational and tourist use, socio-economic functions of these regions. By systematizing and analyzing the data, a table Bonitation rated resorts Kuyalnik, Lebedevka, Sergeevka, Ochakov Rybakovka, Gopri, skadovsk that defines recreational potential areas on the main indicators. The highest score (29) received resorts Kuyalnik and Skadovsk mainly due to tourism infrastructure and a well-developed social and economic spheres. Fewer points (27) observein resorts Sergeevka, Ochakov, Gopri the territories which received low marks cultural-historical and socio-economic factors. The lowest score (22 and 25) counted resorts Lebedevka and Rybakovka in terms of natural, cultural-historical, infrastructural and socio-economic factors. For further use of the recreational areas considered necessary to create individual programsto improve the tourist potential of resorts that would include data on the degree of development of various factors affecting the increase or decrease of capacity to function of resorts and the region as a whole.
MORPHOLOGY AND GENESIS OF FINE GOLD IN MODERN SEDIMENTS OF THE BLACK SEA
Authors: Fedoronchuk N. A.
Published: June 2023

Research the morphology and composition of the gold is one way to determine the genesis of fine gold in modern sediments. The purpose of these studies is the morphological characteristics of fine gold, to study the composition of gold, and determine the genesis of fine gold in the Black Sea sediments. The subject of the research is fine gold of modern sea sediments of the North-Western Black Sea shelf. The methodology involves the preparation of sediment samples from the sea depths up to 95 m, the depth of sampling columns – up to 4 m. Was studied over a thousand samples of different lithological types of bottom sediments. Studied the morphology of more than 300 gold particles. Composition of gold was determined of emission spectral analysis andX-ray microprobe studies. The maximum concentration of gold is set in sediments Dnieper depression. The gold particles have a size from 0.005 mm to 0.3 mm. The genesis of gold was determined by particle morphology and confirmed by the results of the analysis of its composition. Terrigenousgold has a flat or form, splices with quartz sometimes present. Authigenous gold has a spherical or round shape. Disseminated silver contained in gold, zone Cl and PbCl present. Much gold have concentric zones of different composition. This fact confirms the authigenous of gold. Processes of formation of gold in sediments are terrigenous and authigenous. Authigenous gold may bethe result of biochemical deposition and submarine hydrothermal processes that are associated with endogenous sources.
USE OF COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT METHODS IN DETERMINING INDUSTRIAL VALUE OF MINERAL DEPOSITS
Authors: Andryeyeva O. O. , Lyzhachenko N. M.
Published: June 2023

Comperative method of geological and economical assessment is usually used at the early stages of exploration. The topic of the paper is to study the opportunities of using one of these methods, namely: the numerical score. The objective of the paper is to distinguish the main criteria and evaluation figures for determination of economic value of deposits. The subject – geological and economic evaluation figures of bentonite and graphite deposits. Using this assessment, the perspective objects are determined on the basis of analysis of geological, technological and industrial figures of deposits. The article outlines and characterizes the criteria and figures that were used for the assessment of bentonite and graphite deposits of Ukraine. These criteria could be used for systematization and assessment of objects with different level of geological study, for determination of perspective objects of development. The outlined criteria could be adapted for the assessment of other types of mineral deposits.
THE ROLE OF HYDROGEOCHEMICAL FACTORS IN KARST PROCESSES ON THE TERRITORY OF RIVNE NPP
Authors: Brovko A. S. , Kharchenko O. O.
Published: June 2023

The purpose of the research is to identify the complex impact of hydrogeochemical factors to karst processes and estimation of its magnitude.
Methodology. Methods of non-parametric Spearman rank correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression were applied for data processing and statistical connection searching.
Finding. The availability of statistically significant reverse connection between Ca2+ in the groundwater of Upper Cretaceous aquifer and values of hydraulic conductivity and temperature were established after the data estimation as well as direct connection between Ca2+ in research aquifer and its pH values.
Results. The results of the research can be interpreted as follows. Statistically significant reverse relationship between Ca2+ in research aquifer and values of hydraulic conductivity exists because of slow groundwater movement and prolonged contacting with water-bearing rocks. As follows, much more Ca2+ migrate to groundwater. Availability of significant reverse connection between Ca2+ in the groundwater of Upper Cretaceous aquifer and its temperature can be explained through: a) ability of carbon dioxide to dissolve faster in cold water and to transform carbonates to bicarbonates; b) possible divergence from regional trend; c) lack of data and small research area.The direct correlation between Ca2+ in research groundwater and pH values indicates that bicarbonates, formed by the interaction carbonate rocks with groundwater, dissociate into Са2+ and НСО3-, thereby preventing СаСО3 forming and carbon dioxide releasing. As a result the environment changes from acidic to alkaline. Considering all of the above we can conclude, that hydrochemical, temperature and hydraulic factors enhance the carbonates dissolution and therefore karst processes.
THE STUDY PROCESSES UNDERFLOODING OF RURAL SETTLEMENTS, IN DEFAULT OF STATIONARY REGIME-OBSERVANT MINING HOLES (ON EXAMPLE SOUTH-WEST OF ODESSA AREA)
Authors: Medvedev О. U.
Published: June 2023

Purpose. The study of reasons of under flooding of 101 settlements is conducted in three districts of south-west of the Odessa area. An aim hired consists of ground and drafting of databases (electronic and cartographic) impounded and potentially-impounded settlements of some districts of south-west of the Odessa area. A research object is settlements of three districts – Kiliya, Tarutino and Tatarbunar. The article of research is reasons of under flooding,along with the places of possible flood because of floods or other natural calamities.
Methodology. The basic task of the carried out works was a receipt of reliable information, relatively impounded and potentially-impounded territories within the limits of settlements (SM) for the further acceptance of administrative decisions, in relation to each separate SM.
Finding. In connection with absence of regime-observant network and some regime supervisions was worked out and applied approach which consisted of four stages. On results all stages regime-observant points were selected in which the annual watching is conducted a level and chemical composition of subsoil waters. Annual monitoring supervisions for the last ten years and generalization of their results allowed to make the maps of the territories impounded and potentially impounded, distinguish the places of possible flood within the limits of every SM, to define principal reasons of presence of the territories impounded and potentially impounded within the limits of three districts.
Results. The brought going over near the study of this problem allows more in detail to study and control the processes of under flooding in every settlement at the different degree of working out in detail.
FACTORS FORMING OF UNDERGROUND WATERS REGIME ON THE ZMIINYI ISLAND
Authors: Cherkez E. A. , Medinets V. I. , Svistun V. K. , Pigulevskiy P. I. , Buniak O. A. , Bychenko O. O.
Published: June 2023

Study of underground water regime is one of components in the general hydrogeological researches. Aim of the work has been to define the main regime-forming factors of underground water in the Zmiinyi Island. Study object is underground water; subject of the work is the main features of the underground waters regime and the factors of its formation. 
Methodology. It was comparing hydrogeological and meteorological characteristics (sea level, atmospheric pressure, atmospheric precipitation) with dynamic (level, pressure) and physicochemical (temperature, salinity) parameters of underground water for ascertainment of regularity formation of underground water regime. Date processing has being done with mathematical statistics methods. General characteristic of hydrogeological conditions on the Zmiinyi Island has been given. It has been analyzed temporal variability hydrodynamic and physicochemical elements of underground water under natural conditions and in conditions of anthropogenic impact on the results of underground water monitoring system introduction, as well as on the basis of longterm monitoring observations meteorological and hydrological parameters on the island.
Results. It has been shown that the underground water regime is being formed on the Zmiinyi Island under natural conditions influenced by exogenous (meteorological, hydrological) and exogeodynamic (atmospheric pressure) groups factors, while water abstraction causes disturbed regime.
ASSOSSIATIVE EXPERIMENT AS THE FACTOR FOR ONYM RESEARCH
Authors: Karpenko Оlena , Neklesova Valeriia , Tkachenko Anna
Published: June 2023

Our point of interest in this paper is reverse onymic associative dictionary. The dataset on which we base our investigation is drafted from the 2021 free associative experiment. The experiment was conducted in Odesa I. I. Mechnikov University with 100 participants. Here we investigated correlations between associations and stimuli, taking onymic reactions into particular focus. In this paper we present the entries  compiled in the following way: from associations to their stimuli, listed in alphabetical order. The current study found that onymic reactions cover all the onomastic terminological sphere, our findings include all the main classes of proper names: anthroponyms, toponyms, ethnonyms, theonyms, ideonyms, zoonyms, chrematonyms, chrononyms, ergonyms, phytonyms, cosmonyms. We conclude that the reverse onymic associative dictionary is one of the potent methodological instruments for onomastic studies. The reverse onymic associative dictionary clarifies cultural constants and traditional memetic units which are present in the Ukrainian society.
STRUCTURAL-SEMANTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF SURNAMES OF ODESA REGION MOTIVATED BY PROFESSION NAMES
Authors: Krupenyova Tetiana
Published: June 2023

Introduction. The article analyzes the surnames of Odesa formed from profession names. A thematic classification was made and 18 groups were selected. The word-forming features of the surnames in the Odesa region were considered. The relevance of the study is determined by: the almost complete absence in modern onomastics of regional studies of onyms formed from the names of professions; the importance of identifying the specificity of the functioning of onyms formed from profession names in Odesa and the influence of social processes on this specificity; the social and practical significance of the problems of nomination and the growing interest of the population in the issues of onomastics.

The purpose of the study is to identify the structure, formation and distribution of onyms motivated by profession names and to determine the sociocultural components of anthroponyms related to professional activity. The subject of the research is the structural, semantic and functional features of onyms motivated by the names of professions. The object of the research is surnames formed from the names of professions.

Materials and methods. As the main method for collecting and systematizing the material, the descriptive method was used. When comparing the regional characteristics of surnames formed from profession names, the comparative and comparative-historical methods were used extensively. The material of the research were the surnames found in printed and electronic telephone directories, as well as minutes books of the departments of the RAC. A total of 1,850 names were analyzed.

Results. In conclusion, the analysis of the surnames in Odesa formed from profession names proves the high level of relevance of appellative vocabulary in the processes of their creation, establishes the reasons for the dominance of certain thematic groups of surnames.

Сonclusions. The most numerous is the group of surnames formed from the names of craftsmen, and significantly fewer surnames were formed from the names of administrative positions and titles, from the names of church ministers, military affairs, trade, food industry, education and art. As a result of word-formation analysis, the largest number of surnames with the suffix -enk-, and the smallest - with the suffix -ets were indicated.
FEATURES OF THE CREATION OF SURNAMES DERIVED FROM THE SURNAME ZОRYA AND THEIR TERRITORIAL DISTRIBUTION
Authors: Pradid Yuriy F.
Published: June 2023

Introduction. The article emphasizes that the study of surnames in general and surname microsystems in particular is one of the urgent problems of modern Ukrainian onomastic science, which has important theoretical and practical significance not only for linguistics, but also for history, geography, ethnology.

The purpose. The purpose of the article is to investigate the place of the microsystem of surnames derived from the surname Zorya, to describe the methods of their creation, to distinguish the affixes with the help of which the surnames of this microsystem were formed, and their territorial distribution.

Materials and methods. In accordance with the purpose of the research, the descriptive method and its main techniques were used as the main one: inventory and systematization of language material in synchrony. The source of the actual material was the materials of the "Relatives" website, which records 876,000 surnames of residents of Ukraine, of which only 106 surnames are formed from the surname Zorya.

Results. As a result of the investigation, the peculiarities of the creation of surnames derived from the surname Zorya, as well as their prevalence in the territory of Ukraine, were established. It is noted that this microsystem, although relatively small, is quite diverse in terms of methods and means of creation.

Сonclusions. Summarizing the above, we confirm that the most common surname of the studied microsystem is the surname Zorina (2,376 speakers), which occupies 1,851 places in the general list of residents of Ukraine, and every third surname is represented by only one speaker.

The most common way of creating surnames derived from the surname Zorya is suffixation (53 surnames). The suffixes -ov (8 cases), -enk-, -ev(-ев, -ев), -к- (5 cases each) are most often used to create new surnames. 31 surnames were formed in the inflectional way, among them 26 female surnames derived from male bases. Among the residents of Ukraine, there are 19 bearers of double surnames.

The problem of origin, peculiarities of creation and distribution in the territory of Ukraine of surnames derived from other names, rare and merged surnames and some other aspects need to be studied.