bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Public and Private— Second- and Third-Century Gospel Manuscripts
Authors: Charlesworth S.D.
Published: April 2024

Remarkable uniformity in the size of early gospel codices provides evidence for conventional approaches to manuscript production in the second and third centuries. Christians favoured a size approximating the Turner Group 9.1 format in the second century, and the Group 8.2 format in the third century. When combined with other conventional approaches to MS production – semi-literary to literary hands and the use of readers’ aids to facilitate public reading – there is much support for the idea that most codices dated up to the early third century were produced in controlled settings (i.e., in small copy centres or scriptoria comprised of at least two trained scribes) for public or liturgical use. In contrast, many third-century gospel manuscripts (e.g., ∏45) bear the hallmarks of uncontrolled production for private use.
A Preliminary Analysis of the Cartonnage on the Child Mummy in the collection of the Australian Institute of Archaeology
Authors: Mann Rupert-Angus
Published: April 2024

This is a preliminary analysis of the style and iconography of three cartonnage fragments found on the front of a Graeco-Roman Period child mummy in the collection of the Australian Institute of Archaeology. The iconography is closely associated with Osiris and is consistent with much Egyptian funerary art. Limited comparative analysis suggests that the mask belongs to a group of mummies from Akhmim, near Abydos and dates from the mid-first century BC to the mid-first century AD while the lower fragment belongs to a group from the Kharga Oasis and dates from around the birth of Christ to the mid-first century AD. Stylistic analysis of the upper fragment was limited by its poor state of repair and recent touching up.
The Australian Institute of Archaeology and the beginning of ancient world archaeology at the University of Melbourne
Authors: Davey Christopher J.
Published: April 2024

The origin of the relationship between the University of Melbourne and the Australian Institute of Archaeology is described together with the roles played by Maurice Goldman and John Thompson. The circumstances of William Culican’s arrival in Melbourne are discussed, and the expectations of the founder of the Institute, Walter Beasley, in relation to Thompson and Culican are briefly explored.
An Unexplored 11th Century Gospel Lectionary in Sydney
Authors: Gerber Albrecht
Published: April 2024

This paper draws attention to an unexplored document of historical significance, namely the Codex Angus. It is a 1000-year-old Greek parchment lectionary held by the archive of the Sydney University’s Rare Book and Special Collections Library. The codex was brought from Germany to Australia in 1936 and although at that time it was lauded in The Sydney Morning Herald as ‘of marvellous beauty of workmanship, and in perfect condition,’ it remains almost completely unknown and has never yet been seriously analysed. This paper investigates the checkered history of the manuscript’s journey to Sydney and signals its potential usefulness to codicology, textual criticism, palaeography, or even social anthropology.
The Excavation Technology used in the Cow Catacombs of the Sacred Animal Necropolis, North Saqqara
Authors: Davey Christopher J.
Published: April 2024

The technology used in tomb excavation in ancient Egypt has not been the subject of thorough investigation to date. A ‘false end’ in the catacombs of the mother of Apis bulls at the North Saqqara necropolis provides evidence of one excavation system used by tomb excavators. Chisel marks and ‘cone’ excavations elsewhere in the catacombs provide some evidence of an alternative practice. The paper interprets this evidence and shows that practices used in ancient Egypt in principle at least are still applied today, albeit in conjunction with explosives. It is noteworthy that some of the main chisel types used in the tomb construction have not been discovered in archaeological excavation in Egypt.
Les vérités d’une fausse victime. La Mythomane du Bataclan d’Alexandre Kauffmann
Authors: Fleury Béatrice
Published: April 2024

En juillet 2016, sont identifiées les premières escroqueries à propos des attentats terroristes qui ont touché Paris puis Nice en 2015 et 2016. Les affaires font grand bruit et interrogent le rapport qu’une société entretient avec la cause victimaire. En 2021, le journaliste indépendant Alexandre Kauffmann publie La Mythomane du Bataclan qui relate l’enquête qu’il a conduite sur Florence M., une fausse victime jugée et condamnée pour escroquerie. Membre de l’association Life for Paris, celle-ci avait œuvré pendant plusieurs mois à la protection des victimes des attentats. En étudiant la réception du récit de cette fausse victime dans les médias généralistes et sur les réseaux sociaux, l’autrice distingue deux modes de réception : l’un fondé sur une adhésion à une cause victimaire, l’autre exprimant une forme de rupture sociale à laquelle fait écho l’itinéraire de Florence M. En creux de ces différences, l’autrice montre que, dans ce mouvement, le statut de victime se voit reconfigurer, la fausse victime étant parée d’un statut proche de celui de son double positif. Plus largement, est émise l’hypothèse selon laquelle le récit portant sur Florence M. et sa réception sont un analyseur du rapport entretenu à la victime.
Attentats de Paris du 13 novembre 2015. Quel degré de concernement chez des témoins à Metz ?
Authors: Martin Corinne
Published: April 2024

Après les attentats du 13 novembre 2015 à Paris, l’historien Denis Peschanski et le neuroscientifique Francis Eustache ont lancé le Programme 13-Novembre visant à étudier les « rapports entre événement traumatique, mémoire individuelle et mémoire collective », par le recueil de quelque 1 000 témoignages à Paris et en régions. À partir du corpus de témoignages collectés en région Grand Est, à Metz, l’autrice interroge les « raisons personnelles » qui ont conduit, motivé ces témoins non directs, en région, à venir participer à ce programme : quel degré de concernement les anime ? L’hypothèse d’une passerelle identificatoire est posée, pour comprendre comment le récit de ces attentats vient s’ancrer dans l’histoire personnelle, en vue d’éclairer quelques nœuds d’articulation entre mémoires individuelle et collective. Il s’agit d’une étude exploratoire fondée sur trois témoignages et visant à esquisser des pistes d’analyse future pour l’ensemble du corpus en région.
En marge, Bergier ou l’art d’être baroque
Authors: Le Mer Régis , Pellet Jacques
Published: April 2024

Jacques Bergier (1912-1978), juif natif d’Odessa (Ukraine), être déconcertant, paradoxal et attachant, causeur prolixe mais homme secret, grand lecteur et amateur de littérature fantastique, mais aussi avec une véritable culture scientifique, a tenté sa vie durant de faire coexister en lui, en les mettant sur le même plan, le réel et l’imaginaire, la pensée rationnelle et la pensée magique, les faits et les hypothèses, le fantastique et le quotidien, ceci expliquant sa participation à l’écriture entre autres ouvrage du Matin des magiciens en 1960. Il est ainsi considéré comme un des deux fondateurs avec Louis Pauwels du réalisme fantastique. Son humour, omniprésent selon ses contemporains, pouvait l’amener à jouer avec et à se jouer de l’interlocuteur. Résistant authentique dans le réseau Marco-Polo, il fut déporté à la Neue Bremm (Allemagne), séjour qui le marqua définitivement. Il a tiré de sa période résistante le roman d’espionnage vécu Agents secrets contre armes secrètes, sujet à controverses.
Chana Orloff : la mémoire sculptée
Authors: Azulay Tapiero Marilda , Garzón Estrella Israel
Published: April 2024

Dans cette contribution, les autrices s’intéressent à la vie et à l’œuvre sculpturale de Chana Orloff (1888-1968). Sa biographie se mêle à des événements historiques qui marquent sa trajectoire vitale et artistique et se traduisent dans ses œuvres. Depuis les pogroms dans son Ukraine natale qui la conduisent à émigrer en Palestine avec sa famille ; sa maison-atelier à la Villa Seurat, au Paris de Montparnasse ; la Seconde Guerre mondiale avec ses pièces qu’elle appela « Sculpture de Poche » ; sa fuite de la rafle du Vél’d’Hiv, son refuge à Genève avec son fils, la destruction de son atelier et le retour, Le Retour (1945), un symbole des déportés. Retour à Paris et en Israël.
Traces de mineurs. De témoignages en médiations numériques
Authors: Leleu-Merviel Sylvie
Published: April 2024

Le patrimoine immatériel est vivant, incarné dans les hommes qui le portent. Maintenir le lien à la mémoire et à l’Histoire impose alors d’en produire des traces, à même de le préserver, le conserver et le transmettre. À ce titre, recueillir la parole et l’image de ses témoins est essentiel, tout autant que convertir ces récits personnels en médiations numériques susceptibles de défier le temps. Sur le terrain de la mémoire minière, ce chapitre envisage quelques réponses apportées à ce type de questions par le projet ANR MémoMines.
Rembob’Ina. Une histoire nostalgique de la télévision à la télévision
Authors: Ségur Céline
Published: April 2024

Depuis le 4 novembre 2018, la chaîne de télévision LCP diffuse chaque semaine une émission, Rembob’Ina, consacrée à l’histoire de la télévision. Le programme a pour ambition de proposer des archives sélectionnées de la télévision, parfois exhumées, et de les éclairer par un débat. Il est animé par un journaliste et réalisé en partenariat avec l’Institut national de l’audiovisuel (INA). De fait, cette émission se positionne dans un registre différent de celui des programmes du même genre (dont l’emblématique Les Enfants de la télé), davantage orientés vers le divertissement. Si le cas n’est pas singulier, il n’en est pas moins particulier : par ce dispositif, un média écrit lui-même son histoire. Par ce dispositif, la télévision contribue à la formation de représentations sur elle-même, sur la société et sur le rapport que la société entretient avec son passé. La nature du programme et le succès critique qu’il rencontre depuis sa première diffusion conduisent à interroger la formation de ces représentations à partir de trois valeurs attribuées aux archives télévisuelles : nostalgisante, testimoniale et historique.
Le Matin des magiciens, le « réalisme fantastique » et le nazisme
Authors: Dard Olivier
Published: April 2024

Grand succès de librairie, Le Matin des magiciens publié en 1960 par Louis Pauwels et Jacques Bergier marque leur entrée dans l’espace public et médiatique et l’affirmation d’une « méthode de travail », le « réalisme fantastique ». L’objet de cette contribution est de montrer par quel cheminement spirituel ces deux hommes ont posé les bases du « réalisme fantastique ». Dans un second temps, la contribution étudie son application au cas du nazisme et l’écho que leur interprétation de ce dernier a rencontré.
La vis comica de Louis de Funès au service de la réconciliation des religions. Étude des Aventures de Rabbi Jacob
Authors: Mercier Arnaud
Published: April 2024

Grand succès d’audience au cinéma comme lors des rediffusions à la télévision, le long-métrage de Gérard Oury Les Aventures de Rabbi Jacob, avec Louis de Funès dans le rôle-titre, est un film comique qui a néanmoins pour ambition de faire réfléchir à la cohabitation entre les religions. Sous couvert de farce burlesque, la xénophobie est mise en scène pour mieux être raillée et condamnée. Pourtant des chercheurs et journalistes ont accusé ce film d’être raciste car présumé anti-arabe. Ce chapitre taille en pièces cette lecture idéologique et biaisée de l’oeuvre et de restituer toute sa verve comique au service d’un message de tolérance interreligieux.
Mujeres al límite. Violaciones, matrimonios inciertos y desafillamientos (siglos 16 y 17)
Authors: Jarque Martínez Encarna
Published: April 2024

Esta contribución estudia situaciones límite para cualquier mujer y desde luego para las que vivieron en la Edad Moderna. Se trata de los estupros o violaciones, los matrimonios inciertos, cuando la mujer no sabía claramente si estaba casada según ordenaba la Iglesia, y los desafillamientos, que como su nombre indica deshacían el lazo materno-filial. Me centraré en el Aragón de los siglos 16 y 17. Las fuentes son procesos criminales del Archivo Diocesano de Zaragoza y protocolos notariales del Archivo de Protocolos de esta ciudad, además de las editadas en colecciones documentales. La elección de situaciones límite para la mujer se pondrá de manifiesto a través de estudios de caso, que se pueden considerar excepcionales, aunque en absoluto únicos. Más bien al contrario, son muestra de circunstancias en las que podía verse envuelta la mujer.
Retratos de mujeres y expresión del poder en el virreinato peruano en el siglo 18
Authors: Mamet Roxanne
Published: April 2024

Si varios estudios científicos evidencian la activa participación de la mujer en la sociedad virreinal peruana a nivel político, económico y social, no se valoró mucho su representación civil en el campo de la pintura. La escasez de la presencia pictórica de la mujer revela sin embargo un panorama amplio de sus múltiples roles según distintos ámbitos socioculturales. El vínculo a la vez terminológico entre mujer y poder e iconográfico entre mujer y retrato nos permite interrogarnos sobre su relación con el poder. Esta comunicación se propone explorar esta imagen plural de la identidad femenina que aparece en la sociedad andina durante el siglo 18 a través de una compilación de la retratística colonial, de la mujer peninsular a la mujer noble inca.
Reinas y sermones. La construcción en femenino de la imagen regia (siglos 18-19)
Authors: Quijada Álamo Diego
Published: April 2024

Como parte de la literatura efímera, los sermones impresos del Antiguo Régimen constituyen una fuente histórica de conocimiento. El propósito de este trabajo consiste en analizar el contenido de los panegíricos de las reinas consortes españolas del siglo 18 y primer tercio del siglo 19, teniendo en cuenta la finalidad para la que fueron compuestos: la exaltación de la monarquía y sus gobernantes. De manera especial, nos centraremos en el análisis de la construcción de la imagen femenina de la reina (como mujer, esposa, madre, viuda, cristiana), así como en las alegorías y símbolos propios de la feminidad, para establecer las principales ideas que vertebran el eje de estos discursos religiosos y políticos.
En busca de identidades por la vía confesional. Propuestas católicas en Valladolid a principios del siglo 20
Authors: Maza Zorrilla Elena
Published: April 2024

Analizado el contexto español, se estudia la identidad católica a través del asociacionismo y la sociabilidad confesional en Valladolid desde su origen en la hostilidad del Sexenio (1868-1874) hasta que el Decreto de 1941 obliga a disolver la Casa Social Católica. Esta absorbió a su precedente, la Asociación Católica de Escuelas y Círculos Católicos (1885), hace suya y amplía su oferta religiosa, educativa, recreativa, mutual y sindical (provincial y nacional). Desde la Casa y aunque supeditada a un plano secundario, la mujer se visibiliza y participa en la construcción de la identidad católica interclasista como ejecutora y receptora de la acción social (escuelas, Mutua Maternal, Consultorio de Puericultura, Ropero infantil y otras), sindical (Ligas de Mujeres Campesinas y de Estudiantes) y fuera, en las Conferencias de Señoras de San Vicente de Paúl parroquiales (con funciones caritativas hasta la lucha contra la trata de blancas). Las experiencias confesionales son plataforma que servirá a las mujeres para luchar con más determinación por su reconocimiento social, educativo, cultural y político.
Tránsito Amaguaña Alba (1909-2009), figura emblemática de la identidad india de Ecuador
Authors: Fourtané Nicole
Published: April 2024

El verdadero nombre de Tránsito Amaguaña es Rosa Elena. Tránsito es el nombre que le dio el Partido Comunista cuando empezó la lucha activa. Todos la conocen así en la vida pública. Este nombre que significa “paso” resume la trayectoria de su larga existencia. Acompañó todas las transformaciones sociales mayores del país y vio el reconocimiento de un Ecuador multiétnico y pluricultural en 1998. Este trabajo recapitula su biografía, su participación en el nacimiento de los primeros sindicatos agrícolas, en la fundación de la Federación Ecuatoriana de Indios (FEI), su combate a favor de la abolición de la situación de servidumbre de los peones de las haciendas y de los diezmos pagados a la Iglesia, su compromiso en la creación de las primeras escuelas bilingües para los hijos de los trabajadores agrícolas y, más tarde, lideró la toma de tierras de las haciendas de la región para aplicar la reforma agraria de 1964.
Psicología del aprendizaje Estrategias efectivas para mejorar la retención y el recuerdo
Authors: Castro-Suárez Gabriela Catalina
Published: April 2024

Este estudio tiene como objetivo examinar las estrategias efectivas para la mejora de la retención y el recuerdo en el contexto del aprendizaje. Para lograr este propósito, se utilizó una metodología cualitativa que se centró en revisar exhaustivamente la literatura académica relacionada con el tema. Se examinaron diversas investigaciones que abordaban el uso de herramientas digitales, la integración de estrategias psicopedagógicas, la aplicación de programas de intervención cognitiva y el diseño de estrategias didácticas innovadoras. Los resultados revelaron que la implementación de herramientas digitales, como infografías interactivas y plataformas de aprendizaje en línea, así como la aplicación de estrategias psicopedagógicas basadas en la neurociencia, fueron efectivas para mejorar la retención y el recuerdo en estudiantes de diferentes niveles educativos. Además, se observó que los programas de intervención cognitiva dirigidos tanto a adultos mayores como a estudiantes con discalculia mostraron resultados prometedores en la prevención del deterioro de la memoria y el fortalecimiento del rendimiento académico. Asimismo, se destacó la eficacia de las estrategias didácticas innovadoras, como el storytelling y el uso de la mnemotecnia, para facilitar la asimilación y el almacenamiento de la información en la memoria a largo plazo. Estos hallazgos ofrecen perspectivas importantes para informar y mejorar las prácticas educativas dirigidas a optimizar el proceso de retención y recuerdo en el ámbito educativo.
La influencia de los entornos de aprendizaje personalizados en la motivación y el compromiso del estudiante: Un estudio longitudinal
Authors: Estévez-Coral Skady Daniela
Published: April 2024

El estudio longitudinal examinó la influencia de los entornos de aprendizaje personalizados en la motivación y el compromiso del estudiante, destacando resultados significativos. Se encontró un aumento generalizado en los niveles de motivación, indicando que la adaptación de los entornos educativos a las necesidades individuales puede estimular un mayor interés por el aprendizaje. Además, se observó una correlación positiva entre la implementación de estos entornos y el aumento del compromiso académico, sugiriendo que la personalización del proceso educativo promueve una mayor dedicación y persistencia en las tareas escolares. Los hallazgos cualitativos resaltaron la percepción positiva de los estudiantes hacia los entornos de aprendizaje personalizados, valorando especialmente la flexibilidad y adaptabilidad en la experiencia educativa. La capacidad de acceder a recursos y actividades adaptadas a sus intereses y estilos de aprendizaje fue ampliamente valorada, fomentando así un sentido de autonomía y control sobre el proceso de aprendizaje. Además, se observó que estos entornos actúan como facilitadores para el desarrollo de habilidades de autorregulación y responsabilidad en el aprendizaje, promoviendo una actitud proactiva y una mayor implicación en las actividades académicas. En conclusión, la implementación de entornos de aprendizaje personalizados emerge como una estrategia efectiva para promover la motivación, el compromiso y el éxito académico de los estudiantes, enfatizando la importancia de adaptar el proceso educativo a las necesidades individuales de cada estudiante.
Influence of Audit Firm Attributes on Earnings Management and Audit Quality of Listed Nigeria Manufacturing Firms
Authors: Olagunju Adebayo , Oluwakayode Ebenezer Foluso , Adenle Oluwatimileyin Esther , Bamigboye Omololu Adex
Published: April 2024

The influence of audit attributes on earnings management and audit quality was examined in this study. A causal research design was employed in this study. The study population comprises all the quoted manufacturing firms in Nigeria, of which 30 were purposively selected as a sample size from the manufacturing sector covering a period of 12 years ranging from 2010–2021. The data utilized for this study were obtained from the annual reports of the selected firms. Descriptive statistics and panel regression analysis were used to analyse the data. Audit attributes were measured with audit opinion, audit switching and audit tenure, whereas the dependent variables were proxy by discretionary accruals and audit fees.  The outcome of the analysis discovered that audit opinion, audit switching and audit tenure all have negative and significant relationships with discretionary accrual evidenced by t-statistics (−2.36, −2.06, −3.24) and p-values of (0.018, 0.004, 0.002) correspondingly. Audit opinion also has a positive significant connection with audit fees. Likewise, audit switching and audit tenure have negative and significant relationships with audit fees, and they are all evidenced by t-statistics of (2.01, −2.70, −2.80) and p-values of (0.004, 0.007, 0.005), respectively. The study concludes that audit attributes are important in determining the extent of earnings management and audit report quality. The study recommends that companies should ensure that the auditor is not biased in his opinion because this will affect the quality of the audit report. Audit tenure and audit switching should also be done as when due.
Representations of tenor arias from G. Puccini’s operas (“La bohème”, “Tosca” and “Turandot”) by masters of Russian and Chinese vocal schools
Authors: Sun Xun
Published: April 2024

The article examines the issue of performing interpretations of famous tenor arias from operas by J. Puccini, who are not only firmly established in the repertoire of outstanding singers, but are also an obligatory part of the program of vocal competitions and the educational repertoire of music universities. We analyzed the representation of arias of their operas "Bohemia", "Tosca" and "Turandot") by masters of the Russian (S. Lemeshev, V. Atlantov, P. Melentyev, E. Raikov, M. Mikhailov, V. Galuzin) and Chinese vocal schools (Kang Wang, Yijie Shi, Wei Song, Shi Chu Jang, Deng Chao Hong). This article analyzes performers from different schools and eras, in which the weak and strong sides of interpretations were identified and the features of the part and its performance variants were highlighted by outstanding representatives of the Russian vocal school and young singers from China. The author aims to identify various techniques of the vocal technique of the tenor, using as an example arias from the operas of J. Puccini, as well as the task – to analyze arias performed by outstanding Russian and Chinese artists, paying special attention to interpretation and means of performance, in particular the bel canto technique, using a comparative analysis of interpretations. Masterpieces of world opera are of equal importance for both Russian and Chinese culture, and they are often addressed by directors. The immortal figure of opera mastery for Russia and China is J. Puccini and, in general, the Italian opera school with its unique bel canto style, embodied also in the works of masters Rossini, Verdi, Donizetti. Since Chinese are actively interested in Russian and Italian opera and often perform them, this aspect is seen as relevant in our time, to which many research papers are devoted. In this work, the author aims to identify various techniques of the tenor vocal technique, using as an example arias from the operas of J. Puccini, as well as the task of analyzing arias performed by outstanding Russian and Chinese artists, paying special attention to interpretation and means of performance, in particular the bel canto technique.
Reactivation strength during cued recall is modulated by graph distance within cognitive maps
Authors: Kern Simon , Nagel Juliane , Gerchen Martin F. , Guersoy Cagatay , Meyer-Lin-denberg Andreas , Kirsch Peter , Dolan Raymond J. , Gais Steffen , Feld Gordon B.
Published: April 2024

Declarative memory retrieval is thought to involve reinstatement of neuronal activity patterns elicited and encoded during a prior learning episode. Furthermore, it is suggested that two mechanisms operate during reinstatement, dependent on task demands: individual memory items can be reactivated simultaneously as a clustered occurrence or, alternatively, replayed sequentially as temporally separate instances. In the current study, participants learned associations between images that were embedded in a directed graph network and retained this information over a brief 8-minute consolidation period. During a subsequent cued recall session, participants retrieved the learned information while undergoing magnetoencephalographic (MEG) recording. Using a trained stimulus decoder, we found evidence for clustered reactivation of learned material. Reactivation strength of individual items during clustered reactivation decreased as a function of increasing graph distance, an ordering present solely for successful retrieval but not for retrieval failure. In line with previous research, we found evidence that sequential replay was dependent on retrieval performance and was most evident in low performers. The results provide evidence for distinct performance-dependent retrieval mechanisms with graded clustered reactivation emerging as a plausible mechanism to search within abstract cognitive maps.
Design of load-aware resource allocation for heterogeneous fog computing systems
Authors: Hassan Syed Rizwan , Rehman Ateeq Ur , Alsharabi Naif , Arain Salman , Quddus Asim , Hamam Habib
Published: April 2024

The execution of delay-aware applications can be effectively handled by various computing paradigms, including the fog computing, edge computing, and cloudlets. Cloud computing offers services in a centralized way through a cloud server. On the contrary, the fog computing paradigm offers services in a dispersed manner providing services and computational facilities near the end devices. Due to the distributed provision of resources by the fog paradigm, this architecture is suitable for large-scale implementation of applications. Furthermore, fog computing offers a reduction in delay and network load as compared to cloud architecture. Resource distribution and load balancing are always important tasks in deploying efficient systems. In this research, we have proposed heuristic-based approach that achieves a reduction in network consumption and delays by efficiently utilizing fog resources according to the load generated by the clusters of edge nodes. The proposed algorithm considers the magnitude of data produced at the edge clusters while allocating the fog resources. The results of the evaluations performed on different scales confirm the efficacy of the proposed approach in achieving optimal performance.
Impacto del escenario urbano en el delito callejero y la seguridad ciudadana: Álvaro Obregón, Ciudad de México
Authors: Galeana-Cruz Selenne , Monkkonen Paavo
Published: April 2024

El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar el impacto que tiene el escenario urbano en el delito callejero, por ende, en la seguridad ciudadana, en la demarcación Álvaro Obregón, Ciudad de México. La vertiente objetiva de la seguridad se aborda con la metodología cuantitativa a partir de cuatro dimensiones de análisis: geoespacial, sociodemográfica, estructura urbana y tipología del lugar. Los resultados muestran que la manifestación heterogénea de los componentes físico-ambientales y las dinámicas sociales y económicas originan patrones socioespaciales que, en cierta medida, hacen repuntar el delito callejero y la falta de seguridad del espacio público. En conclusión, la exploración integral de los componentes del delito callejero y la seguridad urbana permite visualizar sus particularidades de acuerdo a momentos y lugares concretos, cuya caracterización puede ser el sustento para entretejer y apuntalar la prevención situacional y el diseño ambiental a escala de la planeación urbana.
Educando para o turismo de base comunitária em contexto de quilombo urbano: o caso do território do Cabula
Authors: Silva Francisca de Paula Santos da , Matta Alfredo Eurico Rodrigues , Alves Katiane
Published: April 2024

Em contexto da UNEB, Campus I, Cabula, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil, vem sendo desenvolvido, há 12 anos, o projeto de pesquisa, ensino e extensão“Turismo de Base Comunitária no Cabula”, o TBC Cabula, cujo objetivo geral é mobilizar a população dos dezessete bairros do antigo Quilombo Cabula para organização do turismo de base comunitária neste território. Para tal, fez-se necessário a elaboração do design de uma proposta educacional que favorecesse o conhecimento sobre a história local nos períodos da colônia, império e república; o aproveitamento de habilidades ancestrais, visando a criação e fortalecimento de iniciativas socioeconômicas e culturais; a produção e socialização de conhecimento; o desenvolvimento de tecnologias sociais; a formação em TBC numa perspectiva da educação popular, dos princípios da economia solidária e do desenvolvimento à escala humana. A metodologia adotada foi a Pesquisa Aplicação conjugada com a História Pública, a Pesquisa-Ação etc. Alguns dos resultados relacionados à produção de conhecimento encontram-se no Portal TBC Cabula, www.tbccabula.com.br. E por iniciativa econômica popular das comunidades do quilombo Cabula, já como resultado do processo de mobilização para o TBC, criou-se: 1) Coletivo Arte e Cultura do Cabula – Cultarte, que reúne artesãs, artesãos, culinaristas, grupos culturais; e 2) Operadora de Receptivo Popular AQC, responsável pela gestão da hospitalidade de visitantes e turistas. Conclui-se que o processo de construção coletiva colaborativa de soluções educacionais para essa formação no Quilombo Cabula tem sido exitoso para a academia e, em especial, para as comunidades populares do entorno da UNEB.
Abdominal Cocoon Syndrome: A Rare Sequelae of Intestinal Perforation
Authors: Bhargava Abhilasha , Mahakalkar Chandrashekhar , Kshirsagar Shivani , Dhole Simran
Published: April 2024

Abdominal cocoon syndrome is a rare clinical presentation that has been associated with abdominal tuberculosis in rural India. It is also known as sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis, where the small bowel becomes encapsulated by a fibrous membrane due to unclear causes, leading to obstipation. Common symptoms include vomiting, nausea, and constipation. Due to these general clinical symptoms, it can be mistaken for other gastrointestinal disorders, resulting in delayed diagnosis, which may lead to adverse outcomes or even mortality. Surgery is often used to free the entrapped bowel and remove the fibrous tissue, while supportive care and problem management are crucial. The present case involves a 55-year-old male who presented with a distended abdomen and obstipation, leading to intestinal perforation and sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis, which was managed through resection and anastomosis of the small intestine. The patient was followed-up after three months with no new complaints. The present case helps in understanding the sequelae of acute intestinal perforation that can result in abdominal cocoon syndrome.
Familial Cerebral Cavernous Malformations: A Case Report
Authors: Hernández Jesús Octavio Tafoya , Vázquez Rodolfo Alberto Del Corral , Sotto Leidi Johana Rodríguez , Buesaco Julián Andrés Bucheli , Gomez Joaquín Núñez , Macias Agustín Parra
Published: April 2024

Aims: Describe the main imaging findings of familial cerebral cavernous malformations.
Presentation of Case: This is the clinical case of a 68-year-old woman with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus and long-standing systemic arterial hypertension. She presents to the neurology outpatient clinic reporting dizziness, temporal-spatial disorientation, episodes of amnesia, and chronic insomnia. Based on the clinical presentation, a diagnosis of cognitive impairment, likely of vascular origin. The MRI reveals multiple supratentorial and intraxial lesions with heterogeneous components, exhibiting a hypointense ring on T1 and T2-weighted sequences with images demonstrate a "blooming" effect on the T2*/GRE sequence, characteristic of cerebral cavernomas, displaying a "popcorn" appearance.
Discussion: In the presented case, a patient with multiple cerebral cavernomas showing classic features on MRI was discussed. Clinical manifestations commonly involving seizures, hemorrhage, and focal neurological deficits. Genetic factors play a role, with familial cases following an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. Imaging studies, particularly MRI with susceptibility-weighted imaging, aid in diagnosis, revealing characteristic "popcorn" appearance lesions. Other differential diagnoses for cerebral hemorrhages should be considered, including vascular brain malformations and conditions like cerebral amyloid angiopathy and hypertensive encephalopathy. Management involves a multidisciplinary approach, with surgical resection being the gold standard for symptomatic cases.
Conclusion: Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM) present varied symptoms, diagnosed through MRI showcasing characteristic appearances. Accurate determination of familial or sporadic origin is crucial for tailored treatment, involving medical therapy, surgical resection, or radiosurgery. Multidisciplinary collaboration among specialties ensures personalized management for patients with CCM.
Antibacterial Properties of Boerhavia diffusa and Huntaria umbellata on Bacteria Isolated from Blood Samples of Malaria Patients.
Authors: O. F. Omoya, , A. K. Onifade, , O. M. Ologun,
Published: April 2024

Malaria remains a major infectious disease ravaging the tropical part of the world with more deleterious effects on tropical low- and middle-income nations. Aside from the complications, secondary infections by bacteria have become rampant; hence, the need for the antibacterial properties of Boerhaavia diffusa and Huntaria umbellate extracts. Bioactive ingredients of the plants were extracted using standard methods and the extracts were subjected to filtration using a membrane-injection filter. Malaria positive blood samples were obtained and the bacteria present in them were isolated and identified before subjecting them to sensitivity test on the extracts. The results showed that steroids and tannin were not detected in both cold and hot water extracts while glycoside was the most abundant in the extracts, followed by terpenoid and phenol. The probable bacteria generally identified are Acinetobacter, Escherichia, Klebsiella, Staphylococcus, Salmonella, Streptococcus and Pseudomonas. The bacteria with the highest frequency of occurrence were Salmonella and Staphylococcus. The least occurred bacteria was Pseudomonas. Both Staphylococcus and Salmonella had 28% of occurrence in all the samples. Salmonella was most susceptible to ampicillin having a diameter of zone of inhibition of 18.33±0.58 mm, while it was not susceptible at all to nitrofurantoin. Escherichia was most susceptible to tetracycline with a zone diameter of 14.33±0.58 mm, while Pseudomonas was most susceptible to ampicillin having a zone diameter of 10.00±0.00 mm. At 100mg/mL concentration, the highest diameter of zone of inhibition was 11.33±0.58. The results obtained in this study have shown that both B. diffusa and H. umbellate extracts have a high antibacterial effect.
Infl uências da Cultura Disney sobre as Potencialidades Humanas segundo a Psicologia Positiva: Uma Revisão Integrativa
Authors: C. Sobral Ana Flávia , C. M. Hage Zakiee
Published: April 2024

O presente artigo teve por objetivo descrever os processos de potencialidades humanas sob o viés da Psicologia Positiva e, a partir da infl uência educacional da cultura Disney, ao promover a aprendizagem de novos padrões cognitivos, socioemocionais e comportamentais positivos, explicar o refl exo desse fenômeno na qualidade de vida dos indivíduos. Como método de estudo foi utilizada a revisão integrativa, por ser uma abordagem que permite uma amplitude de conteúdos advindos de diversos modelos e fontes de referência. Após triagem, selecionou-se um total de 25 materiais, sendo eles: artigos (10), e-books (3), dissertações (4), websites (2), livros (4), trabalho de conclusão de curso latosensu (1) e vídeo (1). Por meio da análise qualitativa dos estudos voltados para os processos organizacionais da The Walt Disney Company e dos construtos: felicidade; bem-estar; fl orescimento; virtudes; forças de caráter e resiliência, presentes na Psicologia Positiva, identifi cou-se, nos resultados, que o treinamento interno Traditions, ao proporcionar um espaço seguro para a aprendizagem e o desenvolvimento de novos padrões cognitivos, socioemocionais e comportamentais positivos nas pessoas, demonstrou potencial para servir como intervenção da Educação Positiva para a promoção e o aumento das potencialidades humanas. Em vista disso, este artigo constatou a importância de serem realizadas e incentivadas mais pesquisas voltadas para o potencial de ensino da cultura Disney acerca do ensino e do desenvolvimento das qualidades humanas e que essa ferramenta sirva de alcance para atingir a meta atual da Psicologia Positiva: o de aumentar o nível de fl orescimento de indivíduos, grupos e instituições.Palavras-chave: Psicologia, atitudes positivas, características humanas, cultura organizacional, aprendizagem
Tuning and Enhancing Photoluminescence of Light‐Emitting Polymer Nanotubes through Electron‐Beam Irradiation
Authors: Hong Young Ki , Park Dong Hyuk , Park Soung Kyu , Song Hugeun , Kim Dae‐Chul , Kim Jeongyong , Han Young Hwan , Park Ok Kyung , Lee Byung Cheol , Joo Jinsoo
Published: January 2009

A new method for the tuning and enhancing photoluminescence (PL) characteristics of light emitting poly (3‐methylthiopnehe) (P3MT) nanotubes through E‐beam irradiation under atmospheric environments is reported. An E‐beam generated from a linear electron accelerator (1 MeV, 1.6 × 1013–8.0 × 1016 electrons cm–2) is irradiated onto P3MT nanotubes including an Al2O3 template. From laser confocal microscope (LCM) PL experiments, significant enhancements in the PL intensity—up to about 90 times of an isolated single strand of the E‐beam irradiated P3MT nanotubes—are observed. The luminescent color of the P3MT nanotubes changes from green to red color depending on the variation of E‐beam dosage. These results might originate from the de‐doping effect and the conformational modification through E‐beam irradiations. Conformational changes of the E‐beam irradiated P3MT nanotubes are confirmed by LCM single Raman and ultraviolet‐visible (UV/Vis) absorption spectra. From UV/Vis absorption spectra, it is observed that the π–π* transition peak and the doping induced bipolaron peaks of the P3MT nanotubes dramatically vary with E‐beam irradiating conditions.
Influence of Structural Principles on the Mechanics of a Biological Fiber‐Based Composite Material with Hierarchical Organization: The Exoskeleton of the Lobster Homarus americanus
Authors: Fabritius Helge‐Otto , Sachs Christoph , Triguero Patricia Romano , Raabe Dierk
Published: January 2009

The cuticle of the lobster Homarus americanus is a nanocomposite, such as most structural biological materials. It consists of a matrix of chitin‐protein fibers associated with various amounts of crystalline and amorphous calcium carbonate in the rigid parts of the body, and is organized hierarchically at all length scales. One prominent design principle found in the hierarchical structure of such biological fibrous composite materials is the twisted plywood structure. In the lobster cuticle, it is formed by superimposing and gradually rotating planes of parallel aligned chitin‐protein fibers. To adjust the mechanical properties to the requirements on the macroscopic level, the spatial arrangement and the grade of mineralization of the fibers can be modified. A second design principle of lobster cuticle is its honeycomb‐like structure, generated by the well‐developed pore canal system, whose twisted ribbon‐shaped canals penetrate the cuticle perpendicular to its surface. Due to the hierarchical structure, the mechanical properties of the lobster cuticle have to be investigated at different length scales, which is essential for the understanding of the structure–mechanical function relations of mineralized tissues (e.g., potentially also bone and teeth). In order to investigate the influence of the structural principles on the mechanical properties on the macroscopic scale miniaturized tensile, compression, and shear tests were carried out to obtain integral mechanical data. Characterization of the microstructure included scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX) measurements.
Conjugated Microporous Polymers
Authors: Cooper Andrew I.
Published: January 2009

Conjugated microporous polymers are of great interest because they have potential to combine high surface areas in the dry state with physical properties relevant to organic electronics. A series of recent reports has shown that materials such as poly(aryleneethynylene)s (PAEs), poly(phenyl‐ene butadiynylene)s, poly(phenylene vinylene), poly(p‐phenylene)s, polysilanes, polyanilines, and polytriazines can be produced as microporous networks with apparent Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface areas of more than 1000 m2 g−1 in some cases. Micropore size and surface area can be synthetically fine tuned in amorphous PAE polymers and copolymers, something which was previously thought to be the preserve of ordered crystalline materials such as metal organic frameworks. We review in this Research News article recent progress made by our group and others with particular emphasis on the possible future applications of these materials.
Photooxidation of Benzyl Alcohols with Immobilized Flavins
Authors: Schmaderer Harald , Hilgers Petra , Lechner Robert , König Burkhard
Published: January 2009

Benzyl alcohols are oxidized cleanly and efficiently to the corresponding aldehydes under irradiation using flavin photocatalysts and aerial oxygen as the terminal oxidant in homogeneous aqueous solution. Turnover frequencies (TOF) of more than 800 h−1 and turnover numbers (TON) of up to 68 were obtained. Several flavin photocatalysts with fluorinated or hydrophobic aliphatic chains were immobilized on solid supports like fluorous silica gel, reversed phase silica gel or entrapped in polyethylene pellets. The catalytic efficiency of the heterogeneous photocatalysts was studied for the oxidation of different benzyl alcohols in water and compared to the analogous homogeneous reactions. Removal of the heterogeneous photocatalyst stops the reaction conversion immediately, which shows that the immobilized flavin is the catalytically active species. The immobilized catalysts are stable, retain their reactivity if compared to the corresponding homogeneous systems and are easily removed from the reaction mixture and reused. TOF of up to 26 h−1, TON of 280 and up to 3 reaction cycles without loss of activity are possible with the heterogeneous flavin photocatalysts.
Copper Nanoparticles on Charcoal for Multicomponent Catalytic Synthesis of 1,2,3‐Triazole Derivatives from Benzyl Halides or Alkyl Halides, Terminal Alkynes and Sodium Azide in Water as a “Green” Solvent
Authors: Sharghi Hashem , Khalifeh Reza , Doroodmand Mohammad Mahdi
Published: January 2009

A one‐pot procedure for synthesis of 1,2,3‐triazole derivatives via the three‐component coupling (TCC) reaction between terminal alkynes, benzyl or alkyl halides, and sodium azide in the presences of 1 mol% nanoparticles copper/carbon (Cu/C) catalyst has been developed. The catalyst showed high catalytic activity and 1,4‐regioselectivity for the [3+2] Huisgen cycloaddition in water as a “green” solvent and good to excellent yields were obtained in all cases. This procedure eliminates the need to handle organic azides, and they are generated in situ. The reaction has a broad scope and is especially practical for the synthesis of new azacrown ether and anthraquinone derivatives of triazole. The heterogeneous catalysts were fully characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic forced microscopy (AFM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), inductively coupled plasma (ICP) analysis and FT‐IR experimental techniques. The catalyst was recycled ten times without significant loss of activity.
Hybrid Inorganic‐Organic Materials Carrying Tertiary Amine and Thiourea Residues Tethered on Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Co‐Operative Catalysis
Authors: Puglisi Alessandra , Annunziata Rita , Benaglia Maurizio , Cozzi Franco , Gervasini Antonella , Bertacche Vittorio , Sala Maria Chiara
Published: January 2009

Mesoporous silica nanoparticles carrying different loadings of tertiary amine and thiourea residues (residues ratios 53/47, 68/32, and 22/78, respectively) were synthesized by the co‐condensation method and fully characterized by CP MAS NMR, powder XRD, SEM, BET, BJH and FT‐IR techniques. These materials were tested as bifunctional catalysts in the conjugate addition of acetylacetone to 2‐nitrostyrene, a reaction that under solvent‐free conditions occurred in quantitative yield. By carrying out several experiments with the bifunctional catalysts featuring different molar ratios of active sites, and with different combinations of monofunctional supported and non‐supported catalyst, the co‐operativity of the tertiary amine and thiourea residues in catalyzing the reaction was demonstrated. The use of the bifunctional catalyst was extended to the addition of acetylacetone to an activated imine. Catalyst recycling for a total of three reaction cycles was demonstrated without significant erosion of activity.
Enantioselective Synthesis of (+)‐Chamaecypanone C: A Novel Microtubule Inhibitor
Authors: Dong Suwei , Hamel Ernest , Bai Ruoli , Covell David G. , Beutler John A. , Porco John A.
Published: January 2009

Zurück und hin im Tandem: Die Totalsynthese von (+)‐Chamaecypanon C gelang mithilfe einer Retro‐Diels‐Alder/Diels‐Alder‐Tandemreaktion (siehe Schema). Erste biologische Untersuchungen zeigen, dass (+)‐Chamaecypanon C die Polymerisation von Tubulin inhibiert, indem es dessen Colchicin‐Bindestelle besetzt.

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Synthesis of (−)‐Berkelic Acid
Authors: Wu Xiaoxing , Zhou Jingye , Snider Barry B.
Published: January 2009

Die stereospezifische Kondensation eines vollständig funktionalisierten Ketalaldehyds mit einer 2,6‐Dihydroxybenzoesäure ist der entscheidende Schritt bei der Synthese von (−)‐Berkelsäure und bestätigt Fürstners Neuzuordnung der Konfiguration von C18 und C19; damit ist die absolute Konfiguration dieser beiden Positionen abgesichert. Darüber hinaus kann auch eine vorläufige Zuordnung der Konfiguration von C22 getroffen werden.

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