bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Human Error Prediction Using Heart Rate Variability and Electroencephalography
Authors: Takada Nahoko , Laohakangvalvit Tipporn , Sugaya Midori
Published: November 2022

As human’s simple tasks are being increasingly replaced by autonomous systems and robots, it is likely that the responsibility of handling more complex tasks will be more often placed on human workers. Thus, situations in which workplace tasks change before human workers become proficient at those tasks will arise more frequently due to rapid changes in business trends. Based on this background, the importance of preventing human error will become increasingly crucial. Existing studies on human error reveal how task errors are related to heart rate variability (HRV) indexes and electroencephalograph (EEG) indexes. However, in terms of preventing human error, analysis on their relationship with conditions before human error occurs (i.e., the human pre-error state) is still insufficient. This study aims at identifying biological indexes potentially useful for the detection of high-risk psychological states. As a result of correlation analysis between the number of errors in a Stroop task and the multiple HRV and EEG indexes obtained before and during the task, significant correlations were obtained with respect to several biological indexes. Specifically, we confirmed that conditions before the task are important for predicting the human error risk in high-cognitive-load tasks while conditions both before and during tasks are important in low-cognitive-load tasks.
In-Line Mach Zehnder Interferometer Based on Ytterbium Doped Fiber with Up-Taper Structure in Fiber Ring Laser and Its Application in Sensing
Authors: Lin Weihao , Liu Yuhui , Shum Perry Ping , Shao Liyang
Published: November 2022

We report an ytterbium (Yb) doped fiber Mach Zehnder interferometer (MZI) based on the up-taper fiber structure in a fiber ring laser (FRL) cavity. Different from the traditional FRL sensing system, in which additional filters are required, the designed structure simultaneously acts as a filter, sensor and gain medium. Furthermore, thanks to the high thermal–optical coefficient of Yb doped fiber, the temperature sensitivity of 0.261 nm/°C can be achieved in the range of 10–50 °C. In addition, benefiting from the unique characteristics of the laser system itself, the designed structure has a narrower linewidth (−0.2 nm) and a higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) (−40 dB) than the sensor system based on a broadband light source (BBS). Meanwhile, the refractive index (RI) response and stability of the system are measured. The RI sensitivity is up to 151 nm/RIU, and the wavelength fluctuation range within two hours is less than 0.2 nm. Therefore, the designed structure is expected to play a significant role in human life safety monitoring, aircraft engine temperature monitoring, etc.
Real-Time Gamma Radioactive Source Localization by Data Fusion of 3D-LiDAR Terrain Scan and Radiation Data from Semi-Autonomous UAV Flights
Authors: Schraml Stephan , Hubner Michael , Taupe Philip , Hofstätter Michael , Amon Philipp , Rothbacher Dieter
Published: November 2022

Rapid and accurate reconnaissance in the event of radiological and nuclear (RN) incidents or attacks is vital to launch an appropriate response. This need is made stronger by the increasing threat of RN attacks on soft targets and critical infrastructure in densely populated areas. In such an event, even small radioactive sources can cause major disruption to the general population. In this work, we present a real-time radiological source localization method based on an optimization problem considering a background and radiation model. Supported by extensive real-world experiments, we show that an airborne system using this method is capable for reliably locating category 3–4 radioactive sources according to IAEA safety standards in real time from altitudes up to 150 m. A sensor bundle including a LiDAR sensor, a Gamma probe as well as a communication module was mounted on a UAV that served as a carrier platform. The method was evaluated on a comprehensive set of test flights, including 28 flight scenarios over 316 min using three different radiation sources. All additional gamma sources were correctly detected, multiple sources were detected if they were sufficiently separated from each other, with the distance between the true source position and the estimated source averaging 17.1 m. We also discuss the limitations of the system in terms of detection limit and source separation.
Exploring the Potential of Machine Learning for the Diagnosis of Balance Disorders Based on Centre of Pressure Analyses
Authors: Rojas Fredy , Niazi Imran Khan , Maturana-Russel Patricio , Taylor Denise
Published: November 2022

Balance disorders are caused by several factors related to functionality deficits in one or multiple sensory systems such as vision, vestibular, and somatosensory systems. Patients usually have difficulty explaining their dizziness, often using ambiguous words to describe their symptoms. A common practice by clinicians is to objectively evaluate the patient’s dizziness by applying the Sensory Organization Test (SOT), which measures the contribution of each sensory system (vestibular, visual, somatosensory). The SOT protocol can record up to 2000 measurements in 20 s to generate the Equilibrium Score (EQS) with its five load sensors. EQS is an indicator that reflects how well a patient can maintain balance. However, its calculation only considers two instances from these 2000 measurements that reflect the maximum anterior and posterior sway angle during the test performance; therefore, there is an opportunity to perform further analysis. This article aims to use the Centre of Pressure (COP) time series generated by the SOT and describes a methodology to pre-process and reduce the dimensionality of this raw data and use it as an input for machine learning algorithms to diagnose patients with balance disorder impairments. After applying this methodology to data from 475 patients, the logistic regression model (LR) produced the highest f1-score with 76.47%, and the support vector machine (SVM) performed almost as well, with an f1-score of 76.19%.
Study on the Performance of Liquid-Solid Contact Resistance Based on Magnetohydrodynamic Micro-Angular Vibration Sensor
Authors: Xia Ganmin , Tuo Weixiao , Li Xingfei , Liu Xinyu
Published: November 2022

In this paper, the influence of the contact resistance between the conductive fluid and the metal electrode on the output characteristics of the magnetic fluid micro-angular vibration sensor (MHD sensor) is theoretically analyzed. The contact resistance models based on the solid-solid electric contact theory are established based on the resistivity, temperature, pressure and angular vibration of the materials between the conductive fluid and the metal electrode. The contact resistance was tested by setting up an experimental platform and making conductive fluid rings with electrode materials of Ag, Cu and Ti. The results show that the static contact resistance between the conductive fluid and the metal electrode is positively correlated with the material resistivity and temperature, and negatively correlated with the surface roughness and contact pressure of the metal electrode. The dynamic contact resistance fluctuation is proportional to the amplitude of the input voltage of the angle shaker and inversely proportional to the square of the input frequency. At the same time, reducing contact resistance can improve the MHD sensor’s performance.
CPMF-Net: Multi-Feature Network Based on Collaborative Patches for Retinal Vessel Segmentation
Authors: Tang Wentao , Deng Hongmin , Yin Shuangcai
Published: November 2022

As an important basis of clinical diagnosis, the morphology of retinal vessels is very useful for the early diagnosis of some eye diseases. In recent years, with the rapid development of deep learning technology, automatic segmentation methods based on it have made considerable progresses in the field of retinal blood vessel segmentation. However, due to the complexity of vessel structure and the poor quality of some images, retinal vessel segmentation, especially the segmentation of Capillaries, is still a challenging task. In this work, we propose a new retinal blood vessel segmentation method, called multi-feature segmentation, based on collaborative patches. First, we design a new collaborative patch training method which effectively compensates for the pixel information loss in the patch extraction through information transmission between collaborative patches. Additionally, the collaborative patch training strategy can simultaneously have the characteristics of low occupancy, easy structure and high accuracy. Then, we design a multi-feature network to gather a variety of information features. The hierarchical network structure, together with the integration of the adaptive coordinate attention module and the gated self-attention module, enables these rich information features to be used for segmentation. Finally, we evaluate the proposed method on two public datasets, namely DRIVE and STARE, and compare the results of our method with those of other nine advanced methods. The results show that our method outperforms other existing methods.
Trajectory Optimization of Laser-Charged UAVs for Charging Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks
Authors: Liu Ning , Luo Chuanwen , Cao Jia , Hong Yi , Chen Zhibo
Published: November 2022

This paper considers a laser-powered unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-enabled wireless power transfer (WPT) system. In the system, a UAV is dispatched as an energy transmitter to replenish energy for battery-limited sensors in a wireless rechargeable sensor network (WRSN) by transferring radio frequency (RF) signals, and a mobile unmanned vehicle (MUV)-loaded laser transmitter travels on a fixed path to charge the on-board energy-limited UAV when it arrives just below the UAV. Based on the system, we investigate the trajectory optimization of laser-charged UAVs for charging WRSNs (TOLC problem), which aims to optimize the flight trajectories of a UAV and the travel plans of an MUV cooperatively to minimize the total working time of the UAV so that the energy of every sensor is greater than or equal to the threshold. Then, we prove that the problem is NP-hard. To solve the TOLC problem, we first propose the weighted centered minimum coverage (WCMC) algorithm to cluster the sensors and compute the weighted center of each cluster. Based on the WCMC algorithm, we propose the TOLC algorithm (TOLCA) to design the detailed flight trajectory of a UAV and the travel plans of an MUV, which consists of the flight trajectory of a UAV, the hovering points of a UAV with the corresponding hovering times used for the charging sensors, the hovering points of a UAV with the corresponding hovering times used for replenishing energy itself, and the hovering times of a UAV waiting for an MUV. Numerical results are provided to verify that the suggested strategy provides an effective method for supplying wireless rechargeable sensor networks with sustainable energy.
Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging Sensor for Detection of Photolytically and Photocatalytically Degraded Glyphosate
Authors: Vráblová Martina , Smutná Kateřina , Koutník Ivan , Prostějovský Tomáš , Žebrák Radim
Published: November 2022

Glyphosate is one of the most widely used pesticides, which, together with its primary metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid, remains present in the environment. Many technologies have been developed to reduce glyphosate amounts in water. Among them, heterogeneous photocatalysis with titanium dioxide as a commonly used photocatalyst achieves high removal efficiency. Nevertheless, glyphosate is often converted to organic intermediates during its degradation. The detection of degraded glyphosate and emerging products is, therefore, an important element of research in terms of disposal methods. Attention is being paid to new sensors enabling the fast detection of glyphosate and its degradation products, which would allow the monitoring of its removal process in real time. The surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi) method is a promising technique for sensing emerging pollutants in water. The aim of this work was to design, create, and test an SPRi biosensor suitable for the detection of glyphosate during photolytic and photocatalytic experiments focused on its degradation. Cytochrome P450 and TiO2 were selected as the detection molecules. We developed a sensor for the detection of the target molecules with a low molecular weight for monitoring the process of glyphosate degradation, which could be applied in a flow-through arrangement and thus detect changes taking place in real-time. We believe that SPRi sensing could be widely used in the study of xenobiotic removal from surface water or wastewater.
Regressing Image Sub-Population Distributions with Deep Learning
Authors: Airiau Magdeleine , Chan-Hon-Tong Adrien , Devillers Robin W. , Le Besnerais Guy
Published: November 2022

Regressing the distribution of different sub-populations from a batch of images with learning algorithms is not a trivial task, as models tend to make errors that are unequally distributed across the different sub-populations. Obviously, the baseline is forming a histogram from the batch after having characterized each image independently. However, we show that this approach can be strongly improved by making the model aware of the ultimate task thanks to a density loss for both sub-populations related to classes (on three public datasets of image classification) and sub-populations related to size (on two public datasets of object detection in image). For example, class distribution was improved two-fold on the EUROSAT dataset and size distribution was improved by 10% on the PASCAL VOC dataset with both RESNET and VGG backbones. The code is released in the GitHub archive at achanhon/AdversarialModel/tree/master/proportion.
Indoor 3D Reconstruction of Buildings via Azure Kinect RGB-D Camera
Authors: Delasse Chaimaa , Lafkiri Hamza , Hajji Rafika , Rached Ishraq , Landes Tania
Published: November 2022

With the development of 3D vision techniques, RGB-D cameras are increasingly used to allow easier and cheaper access to the third dimension. In this paper, we focus on testing the potential of the Kinect Azure RGB-D camera in the 3D reconstruction of indoor scenes. First, a series of investigations of the hardware was performed to evaluate its accuracy and precision. The results show that the measurements made with the Azure could be exploited for close-range survey applications. Second, we performed a methodological workflow for indoor reconstruction based on the Open3D framework, which was applied to two different indoor scenes. Based on the results, we can state that the quality of 3D reconstruction significantly depends on the architecture of the captured scene. This was supported by a comparison of the point cloud from the Kinect Azure with that from a terrestrial laser scanner and another from a mobile laser scanner. The results show that the average differences do not exceed 8 mm, which confirms that the Kinect Azure can be considered a 3D measurement system at least as reliable as a mobile laser scanner.
A Probabilistic–Geometric Approach for UAV Detection and Avoidance Systems
Authors: Lee Hae-In , Shin Hyo-Sang , Tsourdos Antonios
Published: November 2022

This paper proposes a collision avoidance algorithm for the detection and avoidance capabilities of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). The proposed algorithm aims to ensure minimum separation between UAVs and geofencing with multiple no-fly zones, considering the sensor uncertainties. The main idea is to compute the collision probability and to initiate collision avoidance manoeuvres determined by the differential geometry concept. The proposed algorithm is validated by both theoretical and numerical analysis. The results indicate that the proposed algorithm ensures minimum separation, efficiency, and scalability compared with other benchmark algorithms.
A 1-μm-Band Injection-Locked Semiconductor Laser with a High Side-Mode Suppression Ratio and Narrow Linewidth
Authors: Chen Jia-Qi , Chen Chao , Guo Qi , Qin Li , Zhang Jian-Wei , Peng Hang-Yu , Zhou Yin-Li , Sun Jing-Jing , Wu Hao , Yu Yong-Sen , Ning Yong-Qiang , Wang Li-Jun
Published: November 2022

We demonstrate a narrow-linewidth, high side-mode suppression ratio (SMSR) semiconductor laser based on the external optical feedback injection locking technology of a femtosecond-apodized (Fs-apodized) fiber Bragg grating (FBG). A single frequency output is achieved by coupling and integrating a wide-gain quantum dot (QD) gain chip with a Fs-apodized FBG in a 1-μm band. We propose this low-cost and high-integration scheme for the preparation of a series of single-frequency seed sources in this wavelength range by characterizing the performance of 1030 nm and 1080 nm lasers. The lasers have a maximum SMSR of 66.3 dB and maximum output power of 134.6 mW. Additionally, the lasers have minimum Lorentzian linewidths that are measured to be 260.5 kHz; however, a minimum integral linewidth less than 180.4 kHz is observed by testing and analyzing the power spectra of the frequency noise values of the lasers.
Spiking Neural Networks for Structural Health Monitoring
Authors: Joseph George Vathakkattil , Pakrashi Vikram
Published: November 2022

This paper presents the first implementation of a spiking neural network (SNN) for the extraction of cepstral coefficients in structural health monitoring (SHM) applications and demonstrates the possibilities of neuromorphic computing in this field. In this regard, we show that spiking neural networks can be effectively used to extract cepstral coefficients as features of vibration signals of structures in their operational conditions. We demonstrate that the neural cepstral coefficients extracted by the network can be successfully used for anomaly detection. To address the power efficiency of sensor nodes, related to both processing and transmission, affecting the applicability of the proposed approach, we implement the algorithm on specialised neuromorphic hardware (Intel ® Loihi architecture) and benchmark the results using numerical and experimental data of degradation in the form of stiffness change of a single degree of freedom system excited by Gaussian white noise. The work is expected to open a new direction of SHM applications towards non-Von Neumann computing through a neuromorphic approach.
The Two-Stage Suspension System of the Fiber Optic Vector Hydrophone for Isolating the Vibration from the Mooring Rope
Authors: Zhang Yichi , Meng Zhou , Wang Jianfei , Chen Mo , Liang Yan , Hu Xiaoyang
Published: November 2022

The two-stage suspension system (TSSS) is designed for the fiber optic vector hydrophone (FOVH) to isolate the vibration from the mooring rope. The acceleration transmissibility of the TSSS is studied theoretically and experimentally. The results show that the TSSS has a major advantage over the traditional one-stage suspension system (OSSS). Typically, the vibration isolation of the TSSS is demonstrated to be over 25 dB higher than that of the OSSS at 100 Hz. Meanwhile, it is demonstrated that the TSSS has little negative influence on the in-band acceleration response of the FOVH. The TSSS has the prospect of reducing the mechanical noise of the FOVH, which is conducive to suppressing the self-noise and enhancing the ability of weak signal detection.
Gender Barriers in Academia: Perceptions of Inequality in Professional Development among Female Academics in the Faculty of Education, University of Alicante, Spain
Authors: Dominguez Andrea , Diez Rocío
Published: November 2022

Spanish universities have been implementing gender equality policies for over a decade. The research presented here aims to determine the barriers and challenges perceived by female academics in the Faculty of Education at the University of Alicante. The study used a seven-point Likert-type scale survey consisting of 10 items, which were validated by specialists from different universities. One of the key findings was that often barriers have ceased to be seen as such and are understood instead as a normalized reality. Nevertheless, participants stress that women face greater barriers than men when it comes to reaching top-level positions; highlighting issues such as a lack of mentorship, delayed motherhood, experiencing sexist behavior and comments from male colleagues; and a lack of consensus around measures, such as reconciling work–life balance, as a means of largely eliminating the barriers they face in the university.
City of Skywalks: Exploring Hong Kong’s Public Space and Power of Discourse from Footbridges
Authors: Lam Stephanie Kwan Nga , Yu Andrew
Published: November 2022

As a public space and building, the footbridge is not just a physical concrete building but also carries people’s life experiences and beliefs. In Hong Kong, however, footbridges are a joint product of the government and property developers to control people and drive consumption. Taking the footbridge as an example, this article explores the relationship between public space and the power of discourse. The article first discusses how the government and property developers manipulate footbridges as a social control tool. This article draws on case studies of the use of public space during and after Hong Kong’s social movements in 2019 to discuss how people tried to regain their power of discourse in urban space, and how the government and the bourgeoisie suppressed such attempts. This paper argues that footbridges serve as marginal spaces, and demonstrate power and control by providing a space for people to discuss public affairs and be used to demonstrate power and control, especially in social movements. The footbridges traditionally used are challenged in a social event at the same time, brought under the gaze of planning and management from authorities, on the meaning of public space, the footbridges are narrowed or even prohibited in Hong Kong.
An Environmental Resource within the Job Demands-Resources Model: The Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy between Properties of the Learning Environment and Academic Engagement
Authors: Bellini Diego , Barbieri Barbara , Mondo Marina , Cubico Serena , Ramaci Tiziana
Published: November 2022

The characteristics of learning environments are relevant for promoting academic engagement and learning achievement. Thus, this study seeks to identify whether perceived characteristics of the learning environment, and specifically, the sub-dimensions of Perceived Restorativeness (compatibility, being away, extent, fascination), can promote academic Engagement and self-efficacy using the Job Demands-Resources Model as the underlying conceptual framework. Further, we tested the mediating effect of self-efficacy on the relationship between Perceived Restorativeness and academic engagement. Data were collected from a sample of 188 Italian university students. Hierarchical multivariate regression analysis indicated that a restorative quality of the learning environment (i.e., compatibility and fascination) was positively correlated with academic engagement, but that there was a non-significant relationship between being Away and academic engagement and between extent and academic engagement. Regression analyses showed significant indirect effects of compatibility and extent through students’ self-Efficacy. Further, self-efficacy was a complete mediator between extent and academic engagement. Furthermore, self-efficacy was found to play a partially mediating role between compatibility and academic engagement. The results of this study provide important information that students, teachers and designers should pay attention to levels of restorative quality in the environment for improving engagement and self-efficacy.
Cyberstalking and Previous Offline Victimization in Italian Young Adults: The Role of Coping Strategies
Authors: Maran Daniela Acquadro , Begotti Tatiana
Published: November 2022

The aim of this study was to examine the association between different coping strategies and physical and emotional consequences, depressive symptoms, state anxiety, and trait anxiety, distinguishing between victims with previous offline victimization experiences (e.g., bullying, domestic violence) and those without such experiences. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed in a snowball system to more than 700 young adults in Italy. A total of 689 individuals completed the instrument. Of these, 305 participants (44%) reported having been victims of at least one form of cyberstalking. A total of 201 participants (66% of victims) reported having experienced both cyberstalking and other forms of victimization in their lifetime, while 89 (29% of victims) reported having experienced only cyberstalking. Overall, the results of this study show that victims with previous victimization had significantly higher scores on physical, emotional, depressive, and anxiety symptoms than victims who had never been victimized. In addition, results showed that victims who have been victimized before are more likely to use all three strategies (proactive, avoidant, passive) to stop cyberstalking than victims who have never been victimized. The results of this study may be useful in developing interventions to mitigate the effects of cyberstalking and prevent future victimization.
Parent Acceptance toward Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccination in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: The Power of Oncologist and Alliance
Authors: Ma Yifei , Liu Nianqi , Zhong Guanqing , Wang Dao , Cao Lu , Bai Shenrui , Zhu Pengfei , Zhang Ao , Wang Xinjia
Published: November 2022

Objectives: The current study aims to survey the willingness of parents to vaccinate their children, who are childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia survivors (CALLS), and identify factors associated with vaccine acceptance. Methods: Parents of CALLS on/off treatment, with the general condition of being amendable to vaccination, were recruited for interviews with attending oncologists about COVID-19 vaccination acceptance from July to November 2021 in China. After controlling for socioeconomic factors, the Association of Oncologists’ recommendations and parent–oncologist alliance with acceptance status were investigated. For validation, propensity score-matched (PSM) analysis was used. Results: A total of 424 families were included in the study, with CALLS mean remission age of 5.99 ± 3.40 years. Among them, 91 (21.4%) agreed, 168 (39.6%) hesitated, and 165 (38.9%) parents disagreed with the vaccination. The most common reason that kept parents from vaccinating their children was lack of recommendations from professional personnel (84/165, 50.9%), and massive amounts of internet information (78/175, 44.6%) was the main nonhealthcare resource against vaccination. Logistic regression analysis showed that only the recommendation from the oncologist was associated with parents’ vaccine acceptance (OR = 3.17, 95% CI = 1.93–5.20), as demonstrated by PSM comparison (42 in recommendation group vs. 18 in nonrecommendation group among 114 pairs, p < 0.001). An exploratory analysis revealed that parents with a better patient–oncologist alliance had a significantly higher level of acceptance (65.6% in alliance group vs. 15.6% in nonalliance group among 32 pairs, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Due to a lack of professional recommendation resources and the potential for serious consequences, parents were generally reluctant to vaccinate their CALLS. The recommendation of oncologists, which was influenced by the parent–oncologist alliance, significantly increased acceptance. This study emphasizes the critical role of oncologists in vaccinating cancer survivors and can be used to promote COVID-19 vaccines among vulnerable populations.
Severe Thrombocytopenia, Thrombosis and Anti-PF4 Antibody after Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine Booster—Is It Vaccine-Induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia?
Authors: Ling Victor W. T. , Fan Bingwen Eugene , Lau Soon Lee , Lee Xiu Hue , Tan Chuen Wen , Lee Shir Ying
Published: November 2022

Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) is a serious and life-threatening complication occurring after adenovirus-vector COVID-19 vaccines, and is rarely reported after other vaccine types. Herein, we report a case of possible VITT after the Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA vaccine booster, who presented with extensive lower limb deep vein thrombosis, severe thrombocytopenia, markedly elevated D-dimer and positive anti-PF4 antibody occurring 2 weeks post-vaccination, concurrent with a lupus anticoagulant. A complete recovery was made after intravenous immunoglobulin, prednisolone and anticoagulation with the oral direct Xa inhibitor rivaroxaban. The presenting features of VITT may overlap with those of antiphospholipid syndrome associated with anti-PF4 and immune thrombocytopenia. We discuss the diagnostic considerations in VITT and highlight the challenges of performing VITT confirmatory assays in non-specialized settings. The set of five diagnostic criteria for VITT is a useful tool for guiding initial management, but may potentially include patients without VITT. The bleeding risks of severe thrombocytopenia in the face of thrombosis, requiring anticoagulant therapy, present a clinical challenge, but early recognition and management can potentially lead to favorable outcomes.
COVID-19 and NSTEMI Outcomes among Hospitalized Patients in the United States and Racial Disparities in Mortality: Insight from National Inpatient Sample Database
Authors: Majeed Harris , Gangu Karthik , Sagheer Shazib , Garg Ishan , Khan Umair , Shuja Hina , Bobba Aniesh , Chourasia Prabal , Shekhar Rahul , Avula Sindhu Reddy , Sheikh Abu Baker
Published: November 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted healthcare delivery to patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infraction (NSTEMI). The aim of our retrospective study is to determine the effect of COVID-19 on inpatient NSTEMI outcomes and to investigate whether changes in cardiac care contributed to the observed outcomes. After multivariate adjustment, we found that NSTEMI patients with COVID-19 had a higher rate of inpatient mortality (37.3% vs. 7.3%, adjusted odds ratio: 4.96, 95% CI: 4.6–5.4, p < 0.001), increased length of stay (9.9 days vs. 5.4 days, adjusted LOS: 3.6 days longer, p < 0.001), and a higher cost of hospitalization (150,000 USD vs. 110,000 USD, inflation-adjusted cost of hospitalization: 36,000 USD higher, p < 0.001) in comparison to NSTEMI patients without COVID-19, despite a lower burden of pre-existing cardiac comorbidity. NSTEMI patients with COVID-19 also received less invasive cardiac procedures (coronary angiography: 8.7% vs. 50.3%, p < 0.001; PCI: 4.8% vs. 29%, p < 0.001; and CABG: 0.7% vs. 6.2%, p < 0.001). In our study, we observed increased mortality and in-hospital complications to be a combined effect of COVID-19 infection and myocardial inflammation as a result of cytokine storm, prothrombic state, oxygen supply/demand imbalance and alterations in healthcare delivery from January to December 2020.
Predicting Vaccination Intention against COVID-19 Using Theory of Planned Behavior: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Limbu Yam B. , Gautam Rajesh K. , Zhou Wencang
Published: November 2022

This study systematically analyzed the literature using the theory of planned behavior (TPB) as a theoretical framework to examine the influence of its constructs on vaccination intention against COVID-19. Quantitative studies were searched in PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Google Scholar following the PRISMA guidelines. The average rate of COVID-19 vaccination intention was 73.19%, ranging from 31% to 88.86%. Attitude had the strongest association with vaccination intention (r+ = 0.487, 95% CI: 0.368–0.590), followed by subjective norms (r+ = 0.409, 95% CI: 0.300–0.507), and perceived behavioral control (r+ = 0.286, 95% CI: 0.198–0.369). Subgroup analyses showed that the pooled effect sizes of TPB constructs on vaccination intention varied across geographic regions and study populations. Attitude had large effect sizes in Asia, Europe, and Oceania, especially among the adult general population, parents, and patients. Subjective norms had large effect sizes in Asia and Oceania, especially among parents and patients. Perceived behavioral control was the most dominant predictor of vaccination acceptance in Africa among patients. These findings suggest that TPB provides a useful framework for predicting intention to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. Hence, public awareness and educational programs aimed at promoting COVID-19 vaccination intention should consider using TPB as a framework to achieve the goal.
Cost-Effectiveness of Vaccination with the 20-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in the Italian Adult Population
Authors: Polistena Barbara , Icardi Giancarlo , Orsi Andrea , Spandonaro Federico , Di Virgilio Roberto , d’Angela Daniela
Published: November 2022

The availability of a new 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) makes it appropriate to assess its cost-effectiveness. This was evaluated by adopting the Italian National Health Service perspective, using a cost consequences Markovian model. The expected effects of vaccination with 20-valent PCV were compared with the administration of 13-valent PCV and 15-valent PCV. Assuming a 100% vaccination of cohorts aged 65–74 years, in the (lifetime) comparison between 20-valent PCV and 13-valent PCV, the former is dominant (lower cost for a better health outcome). A reduction in disease events was estimated: −1208 deaths; −1171 cases of bacteraemia; −227 of meningitis; −9845 hospitalised all-cause nonbacteremic pneumonia cases (NBP) and −21,058 non-hospitalised. Overall, in the Italian population, a total gain of 6581.6 life years and of 4734.0 QALY was estimated. On the cost side, against an increase in vaccinations costs (EUR +40.568 million), other direct health costs are reduced by EUR 48.032 million, with a net saving of EUR +7.464 million. The comparison between 20-valent PCV and 15-valent PCV results in an Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ICER) of EUR 66 per life year gained and EUR 91 per QALY gained. The sensitivity analyses confirm the robustness of the results. We can conclude that the switch to 20-valent PCV is a sustainable and efficient investment.
The Truths in the Songs of the Woman's Statement in Ainkurunooru Kurinjithinai
Authors: G Kalaiarasi
Published: November 2022

Ainkurunooru of the Sangam literature has the lowest number of feet. This book serves as a mirror to capture the events that take place in the lives of similar people who are in love. In it, there are twenty-one songs sung by Kapilar in Kurinjithinai songs, which are composed of the woman's statements. The songs are full of reality and show the events that take place in the mind. Among the realities mentioned by the Tolkappiar are the reality of crying, with movement as the stationary field the reality of lightness is because of tenderness, and the reality of fear in the substance of its God The reality of pride is centered on the truth in the materiality of innocence. In this article, it has been explained and examined that the reality of the ego is also based on perception.
The Numerical Realities of Tolkappiyar in Muthollaayiram
Authors: M Thenmozhi
Published: November 2022

It is no exaggeration to say that literature helps to understand the richness of a language. Though there are many kinds of literature in Tamil that trace the history of thousands of years, it is classical literature that is noteworthy. One of the classical texts, Muthollaayiram, carries the history of the Chera, Chola, and Pandya kings their valour, gifts, the country's greatness, prosperity, etc. It is composed in muthollaayiyiram venba verse and has all the grammatical elements together with woven syllables such as alliteration, rhyme, and harmony. Among them is the reality of words, in the substance of difference in the object of weeping, loss, and movement as states on the basis of delusion, novelty, and fear in the substance of God (leadership) The subject matter of pride and charity has also been explored. Moreover, the innocence and the happiness of reality have also been examined in detail in this article.
The Principles of Kurinjithinai in Agathinai
Authors: N Indira , R Kalaiselvi
Published: November 2022

Thinai refers to the land, which is the primary object and the focus of the activities of the people. In addition to stating the governance details and material conditions, it also categorizes the objects and gives explanations accordingly. It will classify how literary material is situated, and the race will separate and specify its meanings. The study of Kurinjithinai theory has briefly examined the Thinai, the doctrines of the Thinai, the history of the Kurinji land, the reasons for the names, the hill stations, and the first theme, the theme, etc. In this, the information about Thinai is clearly mentioned. The names of the hill land and the land of Kurinji are mentioned in detail. In addition, the article contains the principles of the life of the ancient Tamils, such as the Mutharporul (five elements and time), the Karupporul (fourteen subject matters that include God), and the Uripporul (morals performed by people). Therefore, it clearly mentions the information about Thinai.
Maadathi in Cho. Tharman Thoorvai's Novel
Authors: S Pandiyammal
Published: November 2022

Life’s reflection is the literature. Right from sangam literature to date the literature pertaining to discussing men’s domination has suppressed women’s knowledge, women’s freedom, women’s rights, women’s personality skills and state of mind everything can be understood through others’ vision. In general, a woman is portrayed as a character whose job is to take care of her family, husband, and children. This article is based on the personality and self-confidence of Maadathi from “Thoorvai novel”. She is a simple person who does not have any reservations to mingle with others. She has ensured the survival of her husband and her responsibilities in caring for her family have earned her a passionate family leader. Her affection and punish whenever required towards her child revealed her motherhood. This article’s objective is to reveal Maadathi’s personality in helping her husband and her motherhood to lead a life.
Teori Kuantum Baru yang Sesuai Sains dan Teknologi dengan Kaidah Ilmu Islam
Authors: Watini Sri , Devana Viola Tashya
Published: November 2022

Dualitas gelombang-partikel merupakan salah satu dari banyaknya fenomena aneh yang telah diamati pada dunia kuantum, dan ini sangat membutuhkan teori baru. Teori ini diajukan melalui metode metafisik yang didasarkan pada Alquran dan prinsip-prinsip keilmuan Islam, dilengkapi dengan argumen filosofis yang rasional. Menjelaskan ayat-ayat Alquran yang relevan, serta hubungan satu-ke-satu antara konsep berpasangan dan prinsip orang yang diwawancarai, akan membantu menjelaskan dualitas gelombang-partikel elektron secara rinci. Analisis ilmiah menunjukkan bahwa elektron dapat terdiri dari muatan satuan dan magnet permanen, yang semuanya mencerminkan perilaku dualitas gelombang-partikel yang diamati dalam eksperimen.
Meskipun fisikawan saat ini hanya mempertimbangkan keberadaan magnet yang diinduksi medan magnet, dan keberadaan medan magnet disebabkan oleh perputaran elektron, sebuah teori baru berspekulasi bahwa ada juga medan magnet permanen baru-baru ini. Selain itu, pilihan muatan gerbang dan magnet permanen dapat dipilih sebagai energi potensial, yang juga dianggap sebagai energi titik nol yang mungkin, yang telah diamati ada tetapi belum dijelaskan dengan baik. Berdasarkan teori baru ini, persamaan matematika telah diturunkan untuk menghitung energi potensial elektron yang diasumsikan. Dalam hal ini, sains dan teknolog Islam tampaknya telah menunjukkan pentingnya eksplorasi dunia kuantum yang misterius.
Modern Methods of Occlusal Caries Diagnosis in Children
Authors: Шаковец Н.В. , Наумович Д.Н. , Чернявская Н.Д.
Published: November 2022

Кариес зубов является наиболее частым хроническим заболеванием детского возраста. Первые постоянные моляры характеризуются сложной анатомией окклюзионной поверхности, низкой степенью минерализации твердых тканей, что приводит к раннему развитию кариеса в них и активному его течению. Поэтому раннее выявление кариеса окклюзионных поверхностей моляров всегда представляет собой сложную задачу, и для ее решения не существует идеальных методов, обладающих высокой чувствительностью или специфичностью. В данной статье приводится подробное описание следующих современных методов диагностики кариеса окклюзионных поверхностей моляров: визуальный осмотр с использованием индекса ICDAS II; методы трансиллюминации (фиброоптическая трансиллюминация FOTI, фиброоптическая трансиллюминация с цифровым изображением DIFOTI с использованием устройства DIAGNOcam); флуоресцентные методы (с использованием устройств DIAGNOdent, DIAGNOdent pen; лазерная флуоресценция с усилением красителя (DELF); количественная лазерно-индуцированная флуоресценция QLF (с использованием устройств VistaCam iX Proof, Midwest Caries I.D.)). Авторы исследований, проанализированных в данном обзоре, не пришли к единому мнению относительно наибольшей эффективности того или иного метода диагностики окклюзионного кариеса. Упомянутые диагностические методы обладают достаточным уровнем чувствительности и специфичности и значительно расширяют возможности раннего выявления окклюзионного кариеса. Для получения наиболее достоверного результата рекомендуется использовать их в сочетании между собой и в качестве дополнения к визуальной оценке.

Dental caries is the most common chronic childhood disease. The first permanent molars are characterized by a specific anatomy of the occlusal surface, a low level of tissue mineralization which leads to the quick development of dental caries and its active course. Therefore, the early detection of occlusal caries in molars is always a challenge for a dentist. There are no ideal methods with high sensitivity or specificity. This article provides a detailed description of modern methods for occlusal caries diagnosis: visual examination using ICDAS II index, transillumination methods (FOTI FiberOptic TransIllumination; DIFOTI digital image fiberoptic transillumination using DIAGNOcam device), fluorescence methods (using DIAGNOdent, DIAGNOdent devices; Dye Enhanced Laser Fluorescence, DELF; Quantitative Light-induced Fluorescence QLF (using VistaCam iX Proof, Midwest Caries I.D. devices)). Method for diagnosing occlusal caries among themselves and as a complement to the evaluation effect.
PELATIHAN PENGOLAHAN SAMPAH ORGANIK SKALA RUMAH TANGGA BERBASIS MASYARAKAT DI KECAMATAN SUNGAI LIAT
Authors: Imam Rosadi
Published: November 2022

Bertambahnya populasi penduduk, jumlah produk dan pola konsumsi masyarakat berdampak pada peningkatan produksi sampah. Salah satu cara yang harus dilakukan untuk mengatasi paningkatan volume sampah tersebut adalah dengan meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat untuk mengolah sampah organik menjadi kompos. Langkah yang harus diambil untuk meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat melalui pemberdayaan masyarakat yakni memberikan pelatihan pengolahan sampah menjadi kompos. Pelatihan pengolahan sampah berbasis masyarakat di Kecamatan Sungailiat bertujuan untuk: (1) Terciptanya masyarakat Kecamatan Sungailiat yang mandiri dan terampil dalam memilah sampah  (2) Terciptanya masyarakat Kecamatan Sungailiat yang terampil dalam megolah sampah rumah tangga menjadi kompos dengan metode drum komposter dan takakura. Metode pelaksanaan pelatihan adalah dengan ceramah, tanya jawab, wawancara, simulasi dan praktek. Hasil pelatihan menunjukan bahwa partisipasi dan antusias peserta sangat tinggi; pemahaman peserta terhadap pemilahan sampah sangat baik (100% peserta memahami); dan pemahaman peserta terhadap pengolahan sampah sudah baik (90% peserta memahami). Namun demikian Perlu diselenggarakan pelatihan-pelatihan pengomposan secara berkelanjutan yang diikiuti oleh lebih banyak peserta dari kecamatan-kecamatan lain di Kabupaten Bangka, sehingga target pengurangan sampah ditingkat kabupaten bisa tercapai.
Imagens Gastronômicas nas Redes: Design, Composição e Sintaxe Visual
Authors: Tavares Vitória Campos Moreira , Curcio Gustavo Orlando Fudaba
Published: November 2022

A atenção do consumidor se converteu em um fator crucial para a definição da dieta de cada um. Neste processo, a imagem se tornou uma ferramenta importante para tomadas de decisão no âmbito da alimentação. Este projeto, dentro do contexto apresentado, analisou, por meio das redes sociais Instagram e Facebook, dois perfis gastronômicos populares no Brasil: @tastemadebr e @tudogostosooficial. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa realizou uma coleta de dados, extraídos dos feeds dos perfis, tais como o número de seguidores e curtidas; entrevistas com profissionais dedicados à produção dessas imagens; análise da audiência e interação de seguidores com os perfis; e estudo de sintaxe visual das imagens de maior e menor engajamento. Como resultado, obteve-se um conjunto de dados para a compreensão dos fatores ligados ao Design Gráfico que contribuem para o êxito na comunicação digital no segmento da alimentação.
Recherche sur l’activité humaine, analyse des processus créateurs et recherche
Authors: Theureau Jacques
Published: November 2022

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Hermeneutika Farid Esack tentang Keadilan pada Konsep Masa Iddah bagi Perempuan
Authors: Saputra Teguh
Published: November 2022

Tindak kekerasan dan ketidakadilan terhadap perempuan masih banyak terjadi, salah satunya perempuan yang menghadapi gugatan cerai tidak mendapatkan keadilan sehingga bertentangan dengan konsep masa iddah dalam ajaran Islam. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu membahas keadilan pada konsep masa iddah dengan menggunakan studi hermeneutika Maulana Farid Esack agar meminimalisir perceraian dan menghilangkan kekerasan sebab dalam konsep iddah terdapat kesempatan untuk mempertimbangkan keputusan yang lebih baik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan hermeneutika Farid Esack. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan hermeneutika yang digagas oleh Farid Esack yaitu hermeneutika pembebasan dengan menggunakan nalar kritis dan posisi wahyu (teks), realitas dan penafsiran saling berhubungan untuk menghasilkan sebuah penafsiran yang mengarah kepada keadilan. Cara kerja Hermeneutika Farid Esack dipengaruhi oleh beberapa tokoh seperti teori double movements Fazlur Rahman dan teori regresif-progresif Arkoun namun tujuannya sama yaitu mampu menjawab segala persoalan kontemporer. Contoh hermeneutika Farid Esack yaitu penafsiran tentang pembebasan perempuan dari tindakan penindasan dan ketidakadilan ketika hendak diceraikan dengan diperkenalkannya konsep iddah sebagaimana dalam al-Qur’an surah al-Baqarah ayat 228. Esack menjelaskan bahwa terdapat etika ketika menceraikan seorang istri dengan tetap memberikan tempat tinggal dan nafkah.