bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Burnout and counterproductive workplace behaviours among frontline hospitality employees: the effect of perceived contract precarity
Authors: Wallace Elaine , Coughlan Joseph
Published: August 2022

Purpose

This study aims to investigate affective commitment (ACS) and leader–member exchange (LMX) as resources mitigating against burnout and counterproductive work behaviours (CWBs) in the hospitality sector, and examines the effect of zero-hour contracts on these relationships.

Design/methodology/approach

Through conservation of resources theory, this study tests a framework exploring ACS and LMX as resources against burnout and CWBs, using a data set of 260 frontline hospitality employees working in Ireland, considering zero-hour contracts as a moderator.

Findings

Findings indicate that burnout is associated with CWB, and ACS and LMX are resources against burnout and CWB. Furthermore, zero-hour contract perceptions moderate the resource effect of ACS and LMX. Yet, zero-hour contract perceptions do not moderate the relationship between burnout and CWB, indicating these employees may be caught in a resource-loss spiral.

Practical implications

This study proposes mechanisms to enhance resources against burnout, with specific strategies to support young employees who are more likely to experience burnout. As findings suggest unique negative impacts of burnout for employees on zero-hour contracts, this paper also provides guidance to support these vulnerable employees.

Originality/value

This study provides unique insights into hospitality employees’ ability to harness resources against burnout and CWB consequences of burnout. The results indicate that perceived precarity does not moderate these relationships, suggesting that burnout affects this cohort differently.
A reflection on the Great Resignation in the hospitality and tourism industry
Authors: Liu-Lastres Bingjie , Wen Han , Huang Wei-Jue
Published: August 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to provide a critical reflection on the Great Resignation in the hospitality and tourism industry in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. Specifically, this paper reviews the causes and effects of the Great Resignation, addresses the labor shortage in this industry and proposes strategies that can help manage the challenges.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper is based on a critical analysis of emerging phenomena, related literature and researchers’ experiences and insights.

Findings

The Great Resignation has presented unprecedented challenges for the hospitality and tourism industry. A closer examination reveals that the pandemic has served as a catalyst rather than a leading cause of this trend. Workforce issues are becoming increasingly complex under contemporary influences, including internal elements such as new explications at work and external factors like the gig economy and technology implementation.

Practical implications

This study provides practical implications on how Hospitality and Tourism practitioners can respond to the Great Resignation on micro, meso and macro levels. The practical implications revolve around employees’ changing needs and preferences in the wave of Great Resignation, as well as the necessity for employers’ reflection and improvement.

Originality/value

This study marks an initial attempt to provide a critical assessment of a contemporary issue involving the Great Resignation. This paper extends its discussion through an advanced analysis of the issue, offers suggestions to manage current obstacles related to labor issues in hospitality and tourism, and illuminates future research directions.
Factors influencing green hotel revisit intentions after the COVID-19 in Bangladesh
Authors: Hasan Abdulla Al-Towfiq , Rahman Md Takibur
Published: August 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to explore the factors influencing customers’ revisit intentions of green hotels after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design/methodology/approach

The study is based on the existing literatures and interviews of 404 respondents visiting hotels after the pandemic. The partial least square structural equation modeling is used to analyze the data.

Findings

The findings show that green attitude, green personality and personal norms significantly influence post-COVID-19 green hotel revisit intentions.

Practical implications

The findings of the study may be useful to hotel operators in formulating focused business strategies improving customers’ green hotel revisit intentions and coping with the new normal business environment of the hospitality industry.

Originality/value

The study presents a unique case highlighting how the hospitality business is changing after the COVID-19 pandemic. The study provides important insights for industry operators by integrating attitudes, personality and norms of the customers in examining the green hotels revisit intentions.
Banking uncertainty and lending: does bank competition matter?
Authors: Dang Van Dan , Nguyen Hoang Chung
Published: August 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate the link between uncertainty in banking and bank lending behavior, particularly shedding light on the modifying role of bank competition in the nexus.

Design/methodology/approach

The study uses a panel of Vietnamese banks over the 2007–2019 period for empirical analysis and the dispersion of shocks to bank-level variables to measure banking uncertainty. To strongly confirm our findings, the authors perform a battery of alternative checks based on different econometric techniques, including fixed effect regressions with Driscoll–Kraay standard errors, the two-step system generalized method of moments estimator and the least squares dummy variable-corrected estimator.

Findings

Uncertainty induces multifaceted unfavorable impacts on bank lending. Concretely, banks tend to restraint loan growth, suffer more credit risk, and charge higher lending rates during periods of higher uncertainty. Further investigation reveals that lending activities of banks with greater market power are less sensitive to adverse uncertainty shocks; in other words, increased competition in the banking system is associated with more substantial consequences of uncertainty on bank lending.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first attempt to simultaneously explore the impacts of uncertainty on quantity, quality and prices of bank lending. This paper also aim at putting forth the level of uncertainty particularly related to the banking sector. Importantly, examining the conditionality of the linkage between uncertainty and bank lending with respect to bank competition is entirely novel.
Enjoying music and movies without paying: examining factors affecting unauthorized downloading amongst young adults
Authors: Handa Meenakshi , Ahuja Parul , Jain Swati
Published: August 2022

Purpose

Along with their immense benefit, online channels of communication and information-sharing also present a myriad set of challenges. The unauthorized downloading and sharing of copyrighted content such as music and movies is one such issue. This study aims to examine the factors related to the unauthorized downloading of content amongst young internet users in an emerging market.

Design/methodology/approach

An online structured questionnaire was used to collect primary data from 219 internet users between 17 and 24 years of age. The partial least squares structural equation modelling was used to analyse the primary data.

Findings

The study findings report that monetary savings and social influence are the main drivers underlying the propensity to engage in unauthorized downloading amongst young adults. Perceptions of harm caused to artists and producers appear to be a deterrent. Though the respondents perceive the quality of content downloaded from unauthorized sites to be less than desirable, and there is also a higher perceived threat from viruses, this does not appear to deter unauthorized downloading behaviour amongst this segment of consumers.

Research limitations/implications

Combating unauthorized downloading and other forms of questionable online behaviours is a challenge for multiple stakeholders. Consumption of unauthorized digital content is examined in the context of online consumers whose demographic profile is often associated with this category of questionable behaviour. The study adds to the extant understanding of the aetiology of what are often considered online unethical and illegal behaviours and makes both practical and theoretical contributions to the subject field.

Originality/value

The study examines an important aspect of rapidly evolving internet technologies. The internet provides a veil to individuals engaging in unethical online activities. Despite the existence of laws declaring these activities to be illegal, instances of copyright violations of music and movies abound. The insights regarding the drivers and deterrents of a form of online unauthorized activity are used to present a set of strategies aimed at addressing such behaviours.
Bank 4.0 experiential quality and customer loyalty: a serial mediating role of customer trust and engagement
Authors: Hussein Ananda Sabil , Sumiati Sumiati , Hapsari Raditha , Abu Bakar Juhaida
Published: August 2022

Purpose

This study aims to explore the structure and dimensions of experiential quality in the context of Indonesian Bank 4.0. Moreover, this study also explains the process of how experiential quality generates customer loyalty (CL) by testing the mediation role of both customer trust (CT) and customer engagement (CE).

Design/methodology/approach

Two sequential smaller studies were conducted to answer the proposed research objectives. The first study was an exploratory study involving two series of focus group discussions and a survey with a self-administered questionnaire. The second study was an explanatory study. Similar to the first study, a self-administered questionnaire was employed to collect the data. A total of 410 participants participated in this study for both the first and second study. Exploratory factor analysis was used to analyse the data in the first study, while Partial Least Squares was employed to test the relationship amongst variables in the second study.

Findings

This study found that Bank 4.0 experiential quality is a multidimensional construct with access reliability (AR), digital interaction (DI) and security (SC) as the primary dimensions. In addition, this study suggested that Bank 4.0 experiential quality is proven to indirectly affect CL through a serial mediation process. In the serial mediation process, this study found that CT and CE are robust mediator variables.

Originality/value

This study revealed that Bank 4.0 experiential quality is a multidimensional construct with three primary dimensions: AR, DI and SC. This finding proves that the bank 4.0 experiential quality dimension is different from the conventional banking experiential quality. In addition, this study showed the process of how Bank 4.0 experiential quality is transformed into CL. In addition, this current research discovered that CE and CT serially mediated the impact of bank 4.0 experiential quality on CL that has not been explored by the previous research in the banking industry.
Wellness programs and employee outcomes: the role of HR attributions
Authors: Smidt Michelle N. , Jimmieson Nerina L. , Bradley Lisa M. , Edwards Martin R.
Published: August 2022

Drawing on the tenets of job demands‐resources and conservation of resources theories, it is suggested that HR attributions about wellness programs hold ‘job resource potential’, irrespective of actual participation. It is proposed positive (commitment, compliance) and negative (control, image) attributions about the organization's motivation for offering a wellness program predict employee outcomes. In addition, it is proposed wellness program attributions influence how employees cope with role overload. A sample of 524 Australian employees with access to a wellness program completed a questionnaire. Commitment and compliance buffered the negative effects of role overload on job dissatisfaction. However, commitment created a stress‐exacerbating effect of role overload on days impaired due to poor health. Employees with control attributions were buffered from the negative effects of role overload on job dissatisfaction. Overall, results highlight that the underlying theoretical distinction between positive and negative HR attributions across different types of employee outcomes should not be assumed.
Skull anatomy of the endangered Patagonian huemul deer(Hippocamelus bisulcus)
Authors: Núñez‐Cook Samuel , Vidal Mugica Fernando , Salinas Paulo
Published: August 2022

Studies of the normal skull anatomy of the Patagonian Huemul deer are scarce. Currently, the findings of bone lesions in the skull associated with metabolic imbalances are frequent in the literature. The objective of this study was to provide anatomical and morphometric data of the cranium and facies including a morphofunctional interpretation as a reference for clinical, ecomorphological and educational purposes. Five skulls were described, measured, scanned and digitally reconstructed. The presence of a caudal projection of the vomer bone, the absence of the facial tubercle and thin bones forming the cranial cavity were observed. Linear measurements allowed the skull to be classified as dolichocephalic, hyperlepten and ultra‐dolichocranial. In conclusion, the Patagonian Huemul has a long head, an extremely long skull and a very narrow face. The thickness of the bones that made up the walls of the cranial cavity suggests chronic metabolic imbalances in response to mineral deficiency. The anatomical and morphometric data obtained in this study strongly emphasizes the relevance of considering the implementation of such management policies that aim at promoting an optimal nutritional context.
When and Why Are Campaigns’ Persuasive Effects Small? Evidence from the 2020 U.S. Presidential Election
Authors: Broockman David E. , Kalla Joshua L.
Published: August 2022

Why do political campaigns so often fail to persuade voters, and what does this say about voter decision making? Some interpret the difficulty of persuading voters as evidence that voters remain loyal to their parties even when confronted with new information. However, an informational (quasi‐Bayesian) mechanism may also contribute. We test empirical implications of these alternatives with four survey experiments (total n = 113,742) conducted during the 2020 presidential election that exposed individuals to 291 messages. Our results support the quasi‐Bayesian interpretation: We show that voters are more persuadable with information about candidates they know less about; that persuasive messages change both candidate evaluations and vote choices, and induce partisan defection; and that messages with more informational content are more persuasive. These results suggest voters’ reaction to information in a manner consistent with Bayesian updating, and not only partisan loyalty, can help explain variation in and the small size of campaign effects.
Successful closure of refractory esophago‐pulmonary fistula after esophagectomy using a vascular embolization plug under endoscopy: A case report
Authors: Tsuji Toshikatsu , Okamoto Koichi , Torii Masayuki , Saito Hiroto , Shimada Mari , Moriyama Hideki , Nakamura Keishi , Kinoshita Jun , Inaki Noriyuki
Published: August 2022

Esophago‐pulmonary fistula after esophagectomy is a fatal complication of severe respiratory distress. Minimally invasive treatments, such as esophageal stent placement, have been developed to treat esophago‐pulmonary fistulae; however refractory fistulae may not be cured by this mode of treatment. We encountered a case in which the esophago‐pulmonary fistula did not close even though sealing of polyglycolic acid sheets and fibrin glue was administered three times over 4 mo while the esophageal stent was in place. We successfully closed this refractory esophago‐pulmonary fistula using a vascular embolization plug under endoscopy. Our procedure can thus be an effective and less invasive treatment for refractory esophago‐pulmonary fistula after esophagectomy.
Ultra‐rapid real‐time polymerase chain reaction assay for genotyping of the NT5E gene in Japanese black beef using a mobile PCR device, PCR 1100
Authors: Komatsu Tomohiko , Komatsu Masataka , Nakajima Hiroaki , Uemoto Yoshinobu
Published: August 2022

The concentration of inosine 5′‐monophosphate (IMP) in beef is an important factor contributing to beef palatability. A previous study suggested that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the ecto‐5′‐nucleotidase (NT5E) gene strongly affect the concentration of IMP under postmortem conditions by regulating NT5E enzymatic activity in beef. Genotyping of the NT5E gene is performed using polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP) or real‐time PCR assay. However, these conventional laboratory assays require large installed instruments. They also involve complicated procedures and are time‐consuming. Here, the PCR primers and probes for the NT5E gene (rs42508588 SNP) were designed and synthesized, and we examined the rapid genotyping of the NT5E gene using a PicoGene PCR 1100 mobile PCR device. The results showed that this system enabled rapid amplification of each allele at approximately 19.4 s per cycle, with a total run time of 13 min 36 s. This device is portable and does not require a power supply, which facilitates its use not only in specific laboratories but also in meat production farms and distribution stages of beef.
High‐dose amoxicillin‐proton pump inhibitor dual therapy as first‐line treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection in Northwest China: A prospective, randomised controlled trial
Authors: Yun Jian‐Wei , Wang Cui , Yu Yi , Xu Hui‐Mei , Gou Ling‐Zhu , Li Xiao‐Li , Yi Gui‐Rong , Lin Yi‐Ming , Han Ti‐Yun , Zhang De‐Kui
Published: August 2022

Aims

We aimed to assess the eradication efficacy and factors that influencing it of high‐dose dual therapy (HDDT) in Gansu region, Northwest China.

Methods

A total of 216 treatment‐naive patients with Helicobacter pylori infection were randomly assigned to two groups for the 14‐day eradication treatment: the HDDT group (amoxicillin 750 mg q.i.d. and esomeprazole 40 mg t.i.d.) and the amoxicillin and clarithromycin‐containing bismuth quadruple therapy group (ACBQT: esomeprazole 20 mg, bismuth potassium citrate 2 g, amoxicillin 1 g, and clarithromycin 500 mg; b.i.d.). The eradication rates, adverse effects and patient compliance of these two groups were compared. Eradication efficacy was determined by 13C urea breath test (13C UBT) 4–8 weeks after finishing treatment. Antibiotic resistance was determined by the Epsilometer testing (E‐test) method.

Results

The eradication rates for the HDDT and ACBQT groups were 71.0% and 74.7% (P = .552) by per‐protocol analysis, and 65.7% and 68.5% (P = .664) by intention‐to‐treat analysis. The overall adverse event rates in the HDDT and ACBQT groups were 2.0% and 43.4% (P < .001), respectively. The resistance rates to amoxicillin, clarithromycin, tetracycline, levofloxacin and metronidazole were 15.2%, 42.0%, 5.4%, 35.7% and 83.0%, respectively. Amoxicillin resistance and delta over baseline (DOB) of 13C UBT ≥ 20 before treatment significantly reduced the eradication rate in 112 participants with H. pylori cultured.

Conclusion

The HDDT as first‐line treatment for H. pylori was unsatisfactory in Gansu. Amoxicillin resistance and DOB of 13C UBT ≥ 20 before treatment were significantly correlated with H. pylori eradication failure.
Achievement, self‐concept and anxiety in mathematics and English: A three‐wave cross‐lagged panel study
Authors: Zhang Jing , Chiu Ming Ming , Lei Hao
Published: August 2022

Background

Many studies (especially cross‐sectional ones) have shown signicant links between two of these three constructs‐achievement, self‐concept and anxiety.

Objectives

Unlike past longitudinal studies that examined only two of these three constructs, this study examines all three, grounded in self‐determination theory, control‐value theory and transactional theory of anxiety.

Methods

Chinese secondary school students (N = 823) completed questionnaires across three time points covering one school year, and we collected data on their mathematics and second language (L2) English test scores.

Results

Cross‐lagged panel models showed equal effect sizes in both pairs of time periods (T1–T2 and T2–T3). In both mathematics and L2 English, (a) achievement, self‐concept and anxiety all showed moderate autoregression effects and hence, relative stability, (b) achievement and self‐concept showed reciprocal positive effects and (c) self‐concept negatively predicted subsequent anxiety. In mathematics but not L2 English, anxiety negatively predicted self‐concept, and achievement negatively predicted anxiety, showing domain differences. Self‐concept mediated achievement's negative effect on anxiety only in L2 English.

Conclusions

Distinguishing within domain and cross domain effects of achievement, self‐concept, and anxiety in mathematics and L2 English deepen our understanding of the relationships among these three constructs.
Do prey shape, time of day, and plant trichomes affect the predation rate on plasticine prey in tropical rainforests?
Authors: Weissflog Anita , Markesteijn Lars , Aiello Annette , Healey John , Geipel Inga
Published: August 2022

Predation can effectively limit insect herbivores with cascading effects on plant community composition and diversity of tropical rainforests. Assessing variation in predation is therefore important to understand the mechanisms structuring complex rainforest ecosystems. Variation in predation with time of day may provide herbivores with temporal enemy‐free space. Trichomes (plant hairs) may provide spatial enemy‐free space by increasing climbing resistance for walking arthropod predators and by scattering bat echolocation calls. Artificial model prey is commonly used to measure predation pressure on insect herbivores. Whether model prey shape is sufficient to deceive predators and whether attacks represent actual predation however remain unresolved. We used artificial, plasticine prey to assess temporal and spatial variation in predation in two Panamanian rainforests and tested whether model prey shape is as important for prey recognition by predators as often assumed. We assessed the effect of prey shape and size, time of day, and trichomes on predation by comparing attacks on caterpillar‐ and humanoid‐shaped figurines. We find higher nocturnal than diurnal predation in one but not the other forest, suggesting that herbivores may benefit from enemy‐free space during the day in some forests. We find no evidence for an effect of trichomes on predation in the two plant species tested. Equal attack numbers on caterpillar‐ and humanoid‐shaped objects challenge the idea that the visual resemblance of model prey alone is sufficient to deceive predators. We conclude that attacks on model prey represent a variety of responses to novel objects (e.g. exploration, aggression, possibly predation) and urge caution when interpreting their results.

Abstract in Spanish is available with online material.
Frequently expressed glypican‐3 as a promising novel therapeutic target for osteosarcomas
Authors: Nie Jun‐Hua , Yang Tao , Li Hong , Li Sheng , Li Ting‐Ting , Ye Hai‐Shan , Lu Meng‐Di , Chu Xiao , Zhong Guo‐Qing , Zhou Jie‐Long , Wu Mo‐Li , Zhang Yu , Liu Jia
Published: August 2022

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common bone malignancy without a reliable therapeutic target. Glypican‐3 (GPC3) mutation and upregulation have been detected in multidrug resistant OS, and anti‐GPC3 immunotherapy can effectively suppress the growth of organoids. Further profiling of GPC3 mutations and expression patterns in OS is of clinical significance. To address these issues, fresh OS specimens were collected from 24 patients for cancer‐targeted next‐generation sequencing (NGS) and three‐dimensional patient‐derived organoid (PDO) culture. A tumor microarray was prepared using 37 archived OS specimens. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was performed on OS specimens and microarrays to profile GPC3 and CD133 expression as well as intratumoral distribution patterns. RT‐PCR was conducted to semiquantify GPC3 and CD133 expression levels in the OS tissues. Anti‐GPC3 immunotherapy was performed on OS organoids with or without GPC3 expression and its efficacy was analyzed using multiple experimental approaches. No OS cases with GPC3 mutations were found, except for the positive control (OS‐08). IHC staining revealed GPC3 expression in 73.77% (45/61) of OSs in weak (+; 29/45), moderate (++; 8/45), and strong (+++; 8/45) immunolabeling densities. The intratumoral distribution of GPC3‐positive cells was variable in the focal (+; 10%–30%; 8/45), partial (++; 31%–70%; 22/45), and the most positive patterns (+++; >71%; 15/45), which coincided with CD133 immunolabeling (P = 9.89 × 10−10). The anti‐GPC3 antibody efficiently inhibits Wnt/β‐catenin signaling and induces apoptosis in GPC3‐positive PDOs and PDXs, as opposed to GPC3‐negative PDOs and PDXs. The high frequency of GPC3 and CD133 co‐expression and the effectiveness of anti‐wild‐type GPC3‐Ab therapy in GPC3‐positive OS models suggest that GPC3 is a novel prognostic parameter and a promising therapeutic target for osteosarcoma.
Incidence and risk factors for venous thromboembolism, bleeding, and death in colorectal cancer (Cancer‐VTE Registry)
Authors: Ikeda Masataka , Uetake Hiroyuki , Yoshino Takayuki , Hata Taishi , Oba Mari S. , Takita Atsushi , Kimura Tetsuya
Published: August 2022

The impact of venous thromboembolism in Japanese colorectal cancer patients has not been elucidated. This prespecified subanalysis of the Cancer‐VTE Registry aimed to report venous thromboembolism and event data after 1 year of follow‐up in 2477 patients with colorectal cancer and investigate risk factors of venous thromboembolism. Of 2477 patients, 158 (6.4%) had venous thromboembolism in venous thromboembolism screening at enrollment. Asymptomatic distal deep‐vein thrombosis accounted for 123/158 (77.8%) of venous thromboembolism cases. During the follow‐up period, symptomatic, incidental events requiring treatment and composite venous thromboembolism incidences were 0.3%, 0.8%, and 1.0%, respectively. The incidence of bleeding events, cerebral infarction/transient ischemic attack/systemic embolic event, and all‐cause death were 1.0%, 0.3%, and 4.8%, respectively. These results were consistent with the main study results. In multivariable analysis, venous thromboembolism at baseline was a risk factor of composite venous thromboembolism during the follow‐up period. Japanese patients with colorectal cancer and advancing cancer stage before treatment had more frequent venous thromboembolism complications at baseline, higher incidence of venous thromboembolism events during cancer treatment, and higher mortality.
Carer perspectives of a transition to adult care model for adolescents with an intellectual disability and/or autism spectrum disorder with mental health comorbidities
Authors: Culnane Evelyn , Efron Daryl , Williams Katrina , Marraffa Catherine , Antolovich Giuliana , Prakash Chidambaram , Loftus Hayley
Published: August 2022

Background

Transition to adult care for adolescents with an intellectual disability and/or autism spectrum disorder with coexisting mental health disorders, often termed ‘dual disability’, is complex. It requires a family‐centred approach, with collaboration among health, disability and social services and early planning.

Aim

To describe carer perspectives of transition to adult care and the outcomes of a transition support intervention, Fearless, Tearless Transition, for adolescents with dual disabilities piloted at a tertiary children's hospital.

Methods

Carers of adolescents with a dual disability were invited to complete a survey at the commencement of their participation in the Fearless, Tearless Transition model, and again at the conclusion of the project. Within this intervention, carers and adolescents were encouraged to attend dedicated transition clinics and participate in a shared care general practitioner (GP) and paediatrician process.

Results

One hundred and fifty‐one carers of adolescents with dual disabilities were included in Fearless, Tearless Transition. Of this cohort, 138 adolescents and their carers received support in a dedicated transition clinic with 99 carers completing the initial survey at the commencement of the model. Eighty‐two per cent of carers reported moderate to high levels of anxiety about transitioning from paediatric to adult care with 39% feeling ‘unprepared’ about transition. Eighty‐one per cent reported having inadequate access to respite care with 47% reporting a lack of access to services in the community and 56% expressing dissatisfaction with their GPs. One hundred and two families participated in the shared care process with 80 GPs and 33 paediatricians. Twenty‐two carers completed the second survey reporting a modest but significant improvement in preparedness for transition to adult care.

Conclusion

This study highlights the potential to improve transition outcomes for adolescents with dual disabilities and their carers through early, centralized transition planning, consistent methods of assessing adolescent and carer needs and shared care.
Experiences of medical traumatic stress in parents of children with medical complexity
Authors: Dewan Tammie , Birnie Katie , Drury Julie , Jordan Isabel , Miller Megan , Neville Alexandra , Noel Melanie , Randhawa Alam , Zadunayski Anna , Zwicker Jennifer
Published: August 2022

Background and Objectives

Parents of children with medical complexity (CMC) experience high levels of stress and adverse mental health outcomes. Pediatric medical traumatic stress (PMTS) could be an important contributor that has not yet been explored. PMTS describes parents' reactions to their child's illness and medical treatment and can lead to post‐traumatic stress symptoms. This is the first study to describe the experiences and impact of PMTS among parents of CMC.

Methods

We conducted semi‐structured interviews with 22 parents of CMC. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to generate themes that described the experiences of PMTS and potential contributing factors in the healthcare setting. Themes were validated by study participants.

Results

Parents experienced a spectrum of events and circumstances that impacted PMTS. These corresponded to three major themes: (a) the distinctive context of being the parent of a CMC, (b) interactions with healthcare providers that can hurt or heal and (c) system factors that set the stage for trauma. The consequences of repeated PMTS were a common point of emphasis among all the themes. Parents identified numerous changes that could mitigate PMTS such as acknowledgement of trauma and provision of proactive mental health support.

Conclusions

Our study highlights the issue of PMTS among parents of CMC and presents opportunities to mitigate their traumatic experiences. Supporting the integration of trauma‐informed care practices, increasing awareness of PMTS and advocating for parental mental health services could better support parents and families.
Interventions for reducing weight bias in healthcare providers: An interprofessional systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Moore Caroline Hallen , Oliver Tracy L. , Randolph Justus , Dowdell Elizabeth B.
Published: August 2022

Weight bias is prevalent in many healthcare disciplines and negatively impacts the quality of care for patients with obesity. This warrants interventions to reduce weight bias shown by providers to improve care for individuals with obesity. However, past reviews have identified only marginal success in improving the attitudes and beliefs of healthcare providers about individuals with obesity. This systematic review and meta‐analysis identifies and synthesizes recent peer‐reviewed intervention studies aimed at reducing weight bias in healthcare students and professionals. The databases Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsychINFO, PubMed and Google Scholar were searched for peer‐reviewed studies published between 2016 and August 2021. Search terms included a combination of surrogate terms for the concepts of weight bias, intervention and healthcare students or professionals. The search yielded 1136 articles, and 14 articles met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review. Nineteen effect sizes from nine studies were included in the meta‐analysis. Overall, the interventions in the included studies result in a 0.38 SD reduction (Hedge's g) in obesity‐bias with 95% confidence intervals from −0.52 to −0.24, indicating a small to moderate effect size in the reduction of weight bias. Most studies included students and focused on evoking empathy or educating on the causality/controllability of obesity. Measurement tools, intervention type, limitations of the studies and recommendations for future research are discussed.
Talk is cheap: Parent financial socialization and emerging adult financial well‐being
Authors: LeBaron‐Black Ashley B. , Curran Melissa A. , Hill E. Jeffrey , Toomey Russell B. , Speirs Katherine E. , Freeh Margaret E.
Published: August 2022

Objective

We test how three main methods of family financial socialization (retrospectively reported) are uniquely associated with three indicators of financial well‐being, and whether financial self‐efficacy and financial management behaviors mediate these associations.

Background

Although the link between family financial socialization and financial well‐being in emerging adulthood is well established, no previous study has differentiated between the three main socialization methods nor tested their unique pathways. We expand on family financial socialization theory to begin addressing this gap.

Method

We utilize reliable and valid measures of parent financial socialization and data from 4,182 U.S. emerging adults.

Results

Structural equation modeling revealed that (a) parent financial modeling was directly associated with financial behaviors and financial satisfaction and indirectly associated with all three financial outcomes through financial behaviors, (b) experiential learning was directly associated with financial self‐efficacy and indirectly associated with all three financial outcomes through financial self‐efficacy, and (c) parent–child financial discussion had zero direct or indirect associations.

Conclusion

To prepare children and adolescents for future financial well‐being, parents should focus on modeling financial behaviors and providing experiential learning opportunities rather than lecturing.

Implications

To improve the financial well‐being of emerging adults, educators should promote parent financial modeling and experiential learning.
COVID‐19, (im)mobilities and blockages: Re‐thinking mobilities of migrant women in Northern Ireland
Authors: Kempny Marta
Published: August 2022

This article deals with the recent COVID‐19 pandemic and how it has affected mobilities in Northern Ireland. Drawing on the findings of in‐depth interviews with migrant women and elements of autoethnographic research, the author discusses how migrant women reshape their mobilities in the context of global pandemic. The article looks into how COVID‐19 has reinforced the existing mobility regimes and how waiting has become an important part of migrant women strategies. To this end, it examines waiting as both passive and active condition. It then explores politics of mobility and transgressive powers involved in migrant women trajectories.
Human capital agglomeration, institutional barriers, and internal migration in China
Authors: Yu Baixue , Niu Geng , Ye Jingjing , Zhang Wen‐wen
Published: August 2022

This paper investigates how human capital agglomeration interplays with institutional factors to affect migration destination choice in China. Over the last decades, China has experienced massive internal migration, substantial human capital investment, and the relaxation of its hukou system, thus providing us with a valuable opportunity to examine the role of human capital externality in migration choice. Based on rich data on province‐to‐province migration flows for different education and hukou groups, we find that migrants in China, especially highly educated and urban‐to‐urban migrants, have a strong preference to move to provinces with a high agglomeration of human capital. Further examination reveals that low‐skilled migrants in China are less likely to benefit from human capital agglomeration because of their lower ability to overcome hukou restrictions. Our findings raise the concern that labor migration under the skill‐biased hukou system would enlarge China's regional disparities in human capital and economic development.
The histological spectrum of ARB‐induced gastritis
Authors: Storozuk Tanner , Brown Ian , Lagana Stephen , Westerhoff Maria , Setia Namrata , Hart John , Alpert Lindsay
Published: August 2022

Aims

Olmesartan, an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) used for hypertension management, is known to cause a sprue‐like enteropathy in a subset of patients. Rare cases of gastritis occurring with ARB use have also been reported, but the histological features of ARB‐induced gastritis and the response to drug cessation have not been examined in a dedicated case‐series.

Methods and results

Cases of suspected ARB‐induced gastritis were identified from the pathology archives of four institutions. Haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) slides from gastric biopsies were reviewed. Fifteen patients (14 female, one male) were identified. The most common presenting symptoms were diarrhoea (10) and weight loss (six). Gastric biopsies commonly showed a full‐thickness active chronic gastritis with surface epithelial injury involving the antrum and body. Glandular atrophy, intra‐epithelial lymphocytosis and/or subepithelial collagen thickening were also present in some cases. Duodenal involvement, including villous atrophy, intra‐epithelial lymphocytosis and/or collagenous sprue, was identified in 11 of 13 cases with concurrent duodenal biopsies. Following drug cessation, symptomatic improvement occurred in all 11 cases for which follow‐up data were available. Histological resolution occurred in five of eight cases with follow‐up gastric biopsies, with improvement seen in the remaining three biopsies.

Conclusion

ARB‐induced gastritis typically presents as active chronic gastritis, frequently with associated surface epithelial injury. Glandular atrophy, intra‐epithelial lymphocytosis and/or subepithelial collagen thickening may also be present. These gastric changes can be seen without associated duodenal injury in rare cases, and they should alert the pathologist to the possibility of ARB‐induced injury. Drug cessation results in marked symptomatic and histological improvement.
Inferior alveolar nerve block success of 2% mepivacaine versus 4% articaine in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis in mandibular molars: A randomized double‐blind single‐centre clinical trial
Authors: Habib Mohammed Fawzy Omar Mohammed , Tarek Sovana , Teama Sara Mohamed Elsayed , Ezzat Khaled , El Boghdadi Randa Mohamed , Marzouk Abeer , Fouda Manar Yehia , Gawdat Shaimaa Ismail , Bedier Marwa Mahmoud , Amin Suzan Abdul Wanees
Published: August 2022

Aim

The aim of this study was to assess inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) success of 2% mepivacaine (Scandonest 2%, Septodont, France) and 4% articaine (Septanest 4%, Septodont) in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP) in mandibular molars during access cavity preparation and instrumentation.

Methodology

Three hundred and thirty patients with moderate‐to‐severe pain in mandibular molars with SIP randomly received either 3.6 ml 2% mepivacaine hydrochloride with 1:100 000 adrenalin or 3.4 ml 4% articaine hydrochloride with 1:100 000 adrenalin (n = 165). Intraoperative pain (IOP) intensity was assessed during access cavity preparation and canal instrumentation using 11‐point Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). Overall success was considered if the patient felt no‐to‐mild pain without the need for supplemental anaesthesia throughout treatment; the incidence of need for supplemental anaesthesia was also recorded. Data were statistically analysed using Mann–Whitney U‐ and Chi‐squared (χ2) tests. Relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of anaesthetic failure were calculated. The effect of pre‐disposing factors on outcome variables was assessed using multivariable regression analyses. None of the participants reported any adverse effects.

Results

Baseline variables were balanced between groups (p > .05). The IOP intensity during access cavity preparation and canal instrumentation was similar for both groups (p > .05). IOP intensity was associated with preoperative pain intensity and tooth type (p < .05). Overall anaesthetic success rate was 35.8% for mepivacaine and 41.2% for articaine (p > .05) with a relative risk of failure [95% CI] 1.09 [0.92, 1.30]. The need for supplemental anaesthesia occurred 43.6% and 38.2% with mepivacaine and articaine respectively (p > .05; RR [95% CI]: 1.14 [0.88, 1.48]). Preoperative pain level and age were associated with the need for supplemental anaesthesia.

Conclusions

2% mepivacaine and 4% articaine demonstrate similar IANB success rates for mandibular molars with SIP. Intraoperative pain experience during endodontic treatment can be associated with preoperative pain, tooth type and age.
Association of total and pancreatic serum amylase enzymatic activity with insulin resistance and the glucose and insulin responses to oral starch test in Mexican children
Authors: Locia‐Morales Daniel , Vázquez‐Moreno Miguel , González‐Dzib Roxana , Domínguez‐Hernández Carmen , Pérez‐Herrera Aleyda , Robles‐Ramírez Roberto J. , Rocha‐Cruz Alberto , Meyre David , Flores‐Alfaro Eugenia , Cruz Miguel
Published: August 2022

Background/Objectives

Little is known about the effect of serum amylase enzymatic activity on glucose metabolism. We investigated the association of serum amylase enzymatic activity with fasting plasma glucose, insulin resistance (IR), and the plasma glucose and insulin response to an oral starch test (OST) in Mexican children.

Methods

Anthropometric data, glucose and insulin levels, and the serum enzymatic activity of total (AMYt), salivary (AMY1), and pancreatic (AMY2) amylase were analysed in 764 children (Nnormal weight = 427/Nobesity = 337). After categorization into low (LA) and high (HA) AMYt, an OST with commercial white bread was performed in 39 children (Nnormal weight = 17/Nobesity = 22).

Results

A positive association between serum enzymatic activity of AMY2 and IR was observed in children with obesity (p = 0.018). Children with normal weight had lower plasma glucose and insulin response to OST than children with obesity (Pglucose = 4.1 × 10−12; Pinsulin = 2.1 × 10−15). Compared with the LA group, children with HA showed lower plasma glucose and insulin response to OST (Pglucose ≤ 0.040; Pinsulin ≤ 0.015).

Conclusion

Our results suggest that AMY2 is positively associated with IR. A high level of AMYt is related to lower glucose and insulin responses to OST in Mexican children, regardless of their weight status.
Being “top‐ranked” without “causing troubles”: Comparing federal and provincial immigration pathways for Chinese international students in Canada
Authors: Wang‐Dufil Chen , Hari Amrita
Published: August 2022

Canada's immigration selection regime uses a combination of human capital measures and direct employer involvement to select economic immigrants, emphasizing pre‐arranged employment as critical to secure permanent resident status. This trend affects international students in unique ways. We interviewed 17 Chinese women international students residing in Canada about their decision to study and desire to stay in Canada. Participants faced difficulties in accumulating adequate employment records for immigration applications and employer‐driven immigration pathways put them at considerable risk of deskilling and exploitation. When comparing available immigration pathways, we found that participants had more success with provincial programmes than federal ones because of the availability of flexible pathways, greater options and lower requirements for eligibility. We conclude with three policy recommendations to highlight the importance of periodic revisions to selection criteria to balance human capital measures and employer reliance to retain talented foreign workers in Canada.
Missed nursing care before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A comparative cross‐sectional study
Authors: Alfuqaha Othman A. , Alhalaiqa Fadwa N. , Alqurneh Mohammad K. , Ayed Ahmad
Published: August 2022

Aim

This study aimed to compare perception of nurses about missed care for the patients before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) in Jordan. It also examined how nurses differed in terms of the type of missed care and the factors that contributed to it before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Additionally, socio‐demographic factors, including gender, educational level, length of clinical experience, work position, age, and type of shift, were examined to evaluate their association with missed nursing care.

Background

Missed nursing care refers to omission of any aspect of required patient care. Missed care lowers patient satisfaction and also leads to adverse hospital outcomes.

Methods

We adopted a cross‐sectional design among 260 nurses working in medical/surgical wards and intensive care units. Views of 130 nurses before COVID‐19 were compared with views of 130 nurses during the COVID‐19 pandemic. We used the Arabic version of the MISSCARE survey. Data were collected between November 2019 and May 2020.

Results

During COVID‐19, nurses had significantly higher satisfaction levels and lower levels of absence and intention to leave than nurses before the COVID‐19 pandemic. Differences were observed between nurses’ perceptions of missed care before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic. It was observed that missed nursing care increased during COVID‐19. The inadequate number of staff nurses was the main reason for missed care activities among both groups. Additionally, age and shift type were significantly associated with an increased reason for missed nursing care among both groups.

Conclusion and implications for nursing

Nurses reported higher satisfaction levels and fewer absences and planned departures during this period. Nurse managers should pay attention by maintaining high satisfaction levels and formulating appropriate policies to reduce missed care levels and thus improve patient care quality.