bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Numeric Methods that Simulate Energy Transfer by Radiation
Authors: Honus Stanislav , Juchelková Dagmar
Published: December 2012

The publication deals with the comparison of mathematic models that simulate heat transfer by radiation and of models of spectral characteristics of the burnt gases. The heat transfer in the combustion chamber with the shape of rectangular cross-section of 200 x 288 mm and 1,000 mm high has been numerically analysed by means of the individual models. A low pressure burner of the ejection type and of the power output from 20 to 40 kWs is located in the lower part of the combustion chamber. As the heating gas, methane is used. The interest is especially focused on the evaluation of the radiation intensity in the combustion chamber and on the heat fluxes to the walls that are predicted by the models. Results of the P1 and Discrete Transfer models and results of the Gray and MultiGray models of spectral characteristics of the burnt gases have been compared. A part of the research is also the recommendation dealing with the individual models usability.
Heavy Metal Element Sedimentary Record Adjacent to the Pingtan Island
Authors: Hu Yi , Chen Jian , Xu Jiang
Published: December 2012

Upwelling is common phenomenon in the continental shelf sea area. Upwelling can bring the deep nutrient-rich water to the surface ocean,at the same time, upwelling areas tend to have higher deposition rate and easier to form the muddy area.Studies have shown that fine suspended particular plays an important role in the control of the distribution of heavy metals in the sediments. The results in the Pingtan Island upwelling area show that Cr element content is relatively exceeding seriously,Zn content exceeded in certain regions, other elements has slightly overweight in some stations compare to the Sediment environmental quality standards and the average value in the offshore of Fujian coast, with a magnifying glass effect.However,this area is a famous fishing ground, which means the enrichment of heavy metal may be through to aquatic organisms of animals and plants enrichment, likely through the food chain will ultimately affect the human life.
The Water Pollution Control Planning Research in Lingyuan Stream Segment of Daling River
Authors: Pan Jun , Li Hong Xue , Li Chang Hong
Published: December 2012

Through to analysis the influence of the effluent from the sewage treatment plant to the river water quality of Fangshen-Habaqi stream segment in lower reaches comprehensively, in order to achieve water pollution control and water function zone protection. This paper use QUAL2K model to simulate the influence to lower reaches water quality, and the simulation factor is BOD. The result showed that the downstream BOD concentration cannot reach the water quality standards Ⅲ. This paper provides some corresponding control measures, so as to provide the scientific basis of the water pollution control planning research.
Metabolic Characteristic Analysis of an Oil Field Wastewater Degrading Strain Chelatococcus G5
Authors: Liu Xin Yuan , Wang Can , Ji Min
Published: December 2012

An oil field wastewater-degrading strain was isolated from the waste activated sludge of an oil field wastewater treatment plant. The degrading capabilities for oil field wastewater, culture conditions in a liquid enrichment medium, and metabolic characteristics for carbon sources in a Biolog-ECO microplate of this strain were investigated. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of the strain were very similar to each other (>99% similarity) and exhibited a similarity of 98% with other Chelatococcus sp. The COD removal efficiency of the oil field wastewater-degrading strain is 64.3%, based on a batch experiment after strain inoculation for 60 h. Chelatococcus G5 is a mesophilic and NaCl-tolerant strain that can be grown well at pH 7.0, 37 °C, and under shaking conditions. Its NaCl tolerance is up to 5.0%. Based on the metabolic characteristic analysis, up to 54.8% of the carbon sources in the Biolog-ECO microplate could be utilized and only 29.03% of these sources could be easily degraded by Chelatococcus G5.
Study on Recycling and Disposal of Waste Fluorescent Lamps
Authors: Li Tian Hua , Xiang De Qing
Published: December 2012

In this paper, the working principle of fluorescent lamps and the necessity to inject mercury into fluorescent tubes have been analyzed. At the same time, the influence of mercury pollution on the environment and humans has also been discussed. It is proposed that it is necessary to establish and improve the construction of recycling system as well as design the sealing frame to completely surround and seal up the broken and the sorting system so as to prevent the escape of mercury vapor. Afterwards, the hot air is leaded into so as to make mercury evaporate and then a mercury collector is used to collect them.
Resonance Rayleigh Scattering Spectral Method for Trace Fe3+ Using 1, 4-Dithiothreitol-Modified Nanogold as Probe
Authors: Wen Gui Qing , Wu Liang Qin , Jiang Zhi Liang
Published: December 2012

1, 4-dithiothreitol (DTT) combined with nanogold (AuNP) to form the DTT-AuNP probe in the solution of 1.0 mmol/L H2SO4. In the presence of Fe3+, the DTT-AuNPs aggregated to big particles that exhibited a maximum Resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) peak at 770 nm. Under the chosen conditions, the increased intensity was linear to Fe3+ concentration in the range of 7.3-149.5µg/L, with the regression equation of ΔI770nm = 127.5C +11.2, the correlation coefficient of 0.9954 and the detection limit of 3.75 ug/L Fe3+. The proposed method was applied to detect trace Fe3+ in water samples, with satisfactory results.
Supply Chain Contract Arrangements of Carbon Abatement with Consumer Preferences
Authors: Ma Na , Gao Xiang Lou
Published: December 2012

With the global climate continues warming, carbon emissions become the global focus. How to design the contract of low-carbon supply chain is an important research direction. Our goal in this paper is to construct supply chain decision model under carbon tax. And we build the demand distribution function including consumer characters which is more in line with the reality of the actual retailer operations. Through numerical analysis using Matlab software， we find that carbon emissions allocation coefficient does not affect the optimal profits of suppliers and retailer under wholesale price contract; Supply chain enterprise could gain more profit through the carbon emissions collaborative, choosing reasonable carbon emissions levels.
Effects of Simulated Acid Rain on Soil Chemical Properties of Potting Yellow Cinnamon Soil under Quercus Variabilis
Authors: Liang Xiao Qin , Wang Ren Qing , Ding Wen Juan , Luo Yu Jie , Liu Jian
Published: December 2012

Acid rain pollution is a serious environmental problem in the world. This study investigated the impacts of simulated acid rain on yellow cinnamon soil planted with seedlings of Quercus variabilis. The results showed that the acidity of simulated acid rain had complex impacts on the organic matter content of the studied soil. With the decrease of the acidity, available K increased but soil pH reduced. Rainfall of simulated acid rain also had impacts on available K and the soil pH, and produced the same trend as the acidity. In conclusion, we estimated that high intensity and large rainfall of acid rain could affect soil properties.
Experiment Study on Microwave Strengthened Fenton Process Oxidation of Organophosphorus Pesticide Wastewater
Authors: Li Ya Feng , Wang Jing Xin , Zhang Yan
Published: December 2012

Microwave strengthened Fenton process oxidation of organophosphorus pesticide wastewater was studied by microwave chemical technology. With the synergistic effect of microwave and Fenton, pesticide wastewater was treated by varying dosage of pH, n[FeSO4•7H2O]/n[H2O2], microwave power and microwave radiation time. Microwave strengthened Fenton process oxidation of organophosphorus pesticide wastewater could achieve good effect and the COD removal rate can be up to 82%.
Characteristics and Causes of Air Pollution in Lanzhou, China
Authors: Ma Yu Xia
Published: December 2012

Ten of the top 20 polluted cities are in China, while Lanzhou is the most famous one in the ten. Relevant foreign researches show that urban air pollution generated economic losses reached the city of 3% of national income. In this paper, air pollutants, air pollution index (API for short) and meteorological data of 2000-2008 are analyzed using statistical methods and results show that: (1) Air pollution index (API) in Lanzhou shows an obvious seasonal change with high value in winter and low in summer.(2) Its primary air pollutants are particulate pollutants, in total 3113 days during 2000-2008, only 96days of air quality are good and taking 3.08%; there are severe polluted 168 days, moderate polluted 114 days and light polluted 1106 days.(3) Primary pollution particles of 2928 days are inhalable particles, accounting for 94.06%. Second pollution is SO2 and taking 2.97%. (4) Seasonal distribution of pollution, severe pollution and moderate pollution occurs mostly in winter and spring quarters. Seasonal variation shows the number of severe polluted days in the four months of Jan, March, April, and Dec account for 78.6% of total severe polluted days during 2000-2008. The most severe polluted and second polluted days mainly occurred in winter and spring, closely related with winter house heating and spring dust storm. The number of excellent air quality days is more in the rainy days, indicating that deposition of pollutants or the dilution effect precipitation is apparent. (5) There are close relationship between API and meteorological factor such as precipitation, humidity and wind speed.
The Long-Term Dynamics in Crude Oil Prices
Authors: Qiao Bao Ming , Zhang Si , Jin Hao
Published: December 2012

This paper reviews a long-term crude oil markets and trend of dynamic prices during 1986-2011. Based on the hypothesis that crude oil prices dynamics reflect the activity of a competitive market, a jump diffusion model is investigated to examine the empirical performance in a time series. Historical data analysis shows that crude oil prices were characterized by high volatility, high intensity jumps, and strong upward drift, and were concomitant with underlying fundamentals of crude oil markets and world economy. Furthermore, the model forecast that crude oil prices will still have an increasing trend, stay in jump for the next couple of years.
Simulation on Maximum Wind Energy Capturing of DFIG
Authors: Song Hai Hui , Tian De
Published: December 2012

The doubly fed induction generator(DFIG) has been widely used in wind power generation system. It can alters speed of the rotor according to change of the wind speed, then contains the maximum tip speed ratio, in order to capture the maximum power from the wind energy. And the output frequency of the generator keeps constant ,so we call it VSCF. This paper studys simulation on maximum wind energy capturing of DFIG. The theory analysis and simulation results based on MATLAB/Simulink demonstrate this control strategy is convenient and efficient.
Numerical Simulation on Self-Priming Spray and Conventional Spray Characteristics
Authors: Ma Zhong Fei , Zhang Zhen , Ge Zhi Lin
Published: December 2012

In order to improve the spray dust suppression effect, the method of dust suppression by self-priming spray was put forward, the principle of dust suppression by self-priming spray was analyzed.The numerical simulation of self-priming spray and conventional spray characteristics were made by Fluent software,and the verification test had been completed. The results showed that the velocity distribution of self-priming spray was more uniform than that of conventional spray; the value of SMD of self-priming spray was smaller than conventional spray. What’s more, the spray efficiency of self-priming spray was better; the results of the test and numerical simulation had the consistent trend.
Effect and Control of Suspended Solids at the Blast Furnaces
Authors: Afolabi Ayo Samuel , Sanusi Kazeem Oladele , Abdulkareem Ambali Saka , Oluwaseyi Bada Samson
Published: December 2012

In this study, investigations were carried out to find the best possible way of lowering the concentration of suspended solids at the blast furnace gas scrubbing systems which have long been a problem in steel making industries. The analyses of the experimental results showed that the Bulab 5615 that is currently being used is the best possible chemical polymer. At very low concentration the chemical has shown its ability to reduce suspended solids to desired levels. The three other chemicals used required a much higher dosing rate. Experiment was also conducted on controlling the conductivity and to solve the issues of high COD, ammonia and phenols using a pilot bio-plant and reverse osmosis. This work will make the adhering to the policy implemented in 2006 of zero effluent discharge of the Department of Water and Forestry and contribution towards saving our water.
Study on Indicators System for Construction of Ecological Demonstration Province in Guangxi
Authors: Cheng Hao , Huang Yong Chun , Xiong Jian Hua
Published: December 2012

Based on the target of ecological province, the meaning of ecological province is analyzed, the assessment objects and content of building an ecological province are elaborated, the structural model and the principle of selecting indicators are discussed. Taking the ecological province building plan of Guangxi Province as a case to be studied.
Experimental Analysis of CO2 Concentration
Authors: Zhang Xiao Dong , Wang Cheng Duan , Jin Jun Jie , Li Yun Zhong
Published: December 2012

In this paper the change of CO2 concentration in an office of a university is continuously monitored, using test multifunction measuring instrument. The result shows that the CO2 concentration present a different trends which is affected by the time, the number of person and the ventilation. In closed conditions, the longer the time, the more the number, the higher the CO2 concentration will be. Ventilation playes a crucial role in controlling the indoor CO2 concentration.
Study on the Applied Performance of Color Inks
Authors: Ding Ying Kun , Xu Yan Fang , Li Lu Hai , Li Wen Bo
Published: December 2012

In order that a better analysis and evaluation of the color performance of developed color inks according to the printing requirements could be obtained, every ink will get abundant levels of ink supply amount made by double-channel control method. The max density obtained by the above method represents the color strength of inks. Then Color Management System is applied to building color gamut of matching process inks, and the color gamut represents the replicable color scope in practice. First, color strength of inks was identified by the following methods. Every ink was put respectively in two ink channels of the color printer and the total values of these two channels were applied to controlling the output, obtaining the wedge diagram of the multilevel output of ink supply amount. In the diagram, the max ink supply amount was large enough and the max density could represent the color strength. Because every ink needs a suitable range of the max density and needs to match the others well in practice. Referring to the standard of offset printing, a suitable density value for a certain ink was chose as its max ink supply amount. Second, within the range of the max ink supply amount, the data set of color patch in the characterization software of Color Management System was used to control ink supply amounts. The color patch was overprinted in the color sequences of Y, M, C and K, and ICC Profile was made according to the making process of standard Profile. Color gamut of the inks could be obtained from the Profile by using self-developed computing equipment and be compared with standard printing process. The result shows that the method used in the experiments is feasible and effective. In addition, the inks in the experiments have a large enough color strength and a color gamut satisfying the practical requirements of the color performance of inks in the printing industry.
Framework Design of Multispectral Color Management
Authors: Wang Hai Wen , Li Jie , Chen Guang Xue
Published: December 2012

It briefly analyzed the disadvantages of ICC (International Color Consortium) color management technology and color management technology based on iCAM (image Color Appearance Model), and then it put forward the thought of multi-spectral color management technology. It specifically designed the basic framework of the multispectral color management, focused on the basic composition and working principle of spectral color management model. Besides it analyzed the composition and basic principle of spectral color gamut mapping framework. Lastly it pointed out the research direction of multispectral color management.
Analysis of Area Field Quality Based on ISO 19751 and ISO 13660
Authors: Zhou Ying Mei , Jiang Zhong Min , Jin Zhang Ying
Published: December 2012

ISO 13660(2001) provides definitions and measurement methods for line width, raggedness, large area graininess, darkness, background haze and extraneous marks. The major shortcoming of ISO 13660(2001) is its inability to describe or address the visual significance of most measured values obtained following the proposed procedures. ISO 19751 even though in development will hopefully expand the definition of print attributes which allow for an easier implementation of the measurement. In this paper, Image quality is evaluated on minute details and characteristics that build up a print, using recommended tools and equipment. This case study is an exploratory experiment to evaluate the print quality with changing toner digital printing screen rules and resolutions. This paper compared large area quality attributes of printed images with different screen rulings and resolution and discussed relationship between quantitative values by Noise Power Spectrum (NPS) and perceptive attributes of images portraits in graphic arts applications.
Research on Correction Algorithm for Print-Scan Resistant Digital Watermarking Algorithms Based on DWT
Authors: Zhang Zhen Jie , Liu Zhen , Yu Hui
Published: December 2012

On the basis of the analysis of the second layer of DWT high amplitude coefficients before and after printing and scanning, we propose a correction algorithm for Print-scan resistant Digital Watermarking Algorithms Based on DWT. This correction algorithm corrects in the frequency domain, multiplying the coefficients by a correction coefficient and determining the best correction coefficient by Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Contrast with two common methods to correct the distorted pixels: brightness transformation and contrast stretching transformation, this correction algorithm has the character of less calculation and takes the influence of print and scan on the surrounding pixels into account. At last, after applying it to several test images and all the NC values becoming bigger, the proposed correction algorithm is proved to be effective and universal.
The Construction of a Knowledge Discovery Model on In-Depth Analysis and Reporting by Exploring Taiwan’s Examination Database
Authors: Hsu Ming Ju , Ho Chiu Pai , Han Feng Nien
Published: December 2012

Knowledge Discovery related theories and applications have grown and flourished greatly in recent years. Huge amount of data could be converted into useful knowledge which then could be applied to management related decision-making and in-depth analysis and reporting applications. With the emergence of computer power and internet technology, computer-aided tools have changed the manners and methods by which journalists gathered information, conducted investigations, interpreted facts and reported news. Journalists and reporters slowly but surely began to use the concept of database journalism in data collection and analysis to strengthen the accuracy and depth layers of their news reports. The purpose of this study was to utilize the data warehouse technologies to establish a knowledge discovery model, which could be used by journalists and reporters to facilitate their data collecting and analysis skills as well as enhancing their in-depth report writing abilities. The Ministry of Examination in Taiwan has been in charge of the recruitment of talents for various public positions through specifically designed examinations befitting of the job requirements and fields of applications. This study explored, mined and screened through the huge amount of database accumulated and managed by the Ministry of Examination as the sampling source. The research methods included literature reviews combined with data warehouse and data mining technologies to investigate the patterns, consistencies and/or anomalies hidden in the examination database. A knowledge discovery model for in-depth reporting was established as the study result. Moreover, the study adopted Professional and Technical Personnel Examinations as an empirical case, using data mining method to understand the pattern and setting rules of it. The study found that the categories of examinations were numerous and ever-changing in the early-stage of the examination history, but remained completely unaltered for the last two decades. It was recommended to adjust the settings of examination categories in response to the numerous changes in various industries. Besides, the setting of the university departments and related courses planning also should be adjusted in accordance with this study result. The Knowledge Discovery model established in this study by exploring the Ministry of Examination’s Database indicated that it was feasible to use data warehouse technologies to facilitate in-depth analysis and reporting. In the future, the database can be widely used in improving the quality and accuracy of the news reporting.
A Study of E-Book Industry’s Cooperation in Taiwan
Authors: Hao Tsung Yu , Ma Li Yi , Lee Hsiang Jung
Published: December 2012

Purchasing the E-books from the on-line bookstore is the trend that Amazon created this business model successfully. Miniwatts Marketing Group (2010) pointed that the internet penetration rate in Taiwan has been reached 70%. Amazon and Barnes and Nobel both claimed the revenue of e-books exceeded the books in 2010. The compound annual growth rate is nearly 72% in year 2008–2013. Therefore, there is a great need to investigate the cross-industry of publisher industry, hardware industry, and internet service platforms to integrate the picture of E-book industry in Taiwan. The qualitative research method will be used to interview the managers in the related leading companies in order to understand the “how to do and what to do” between each other to promote the digital products. By gathering the information to gain the knowledge for the reference to the related industries to work closely to benefit each other and expand the business scope. It is absolutely helpful to create a comfortable reading environment to satisfy the readers’ various needs.
A Study of Reading Fatigue
Authors: Tai Meng Tsung , Yang Yi Hsuan , Zu Guan Ning , Hsieh Yen Ju
Published: December 2012

Compared to traditional printed books, digital e-book readers may cause consumers to read overtime and reading fatigue or even vision injury. Therefore, it is needed to study on reading fatigue based on different reading illuminants, i.e. under brighter, normal, dim, and LED lighting conditions, and different book content carriers, i.e. printed bond paper, Kindle, and iPad, to evaluate degrees of reading fatigue. Overall, the results showed that the reading illuminants are critical and highly affect vision fatigue; especially the LED light resulted in greater reading fatigue. Printed paper can cause less degree of fatigue or even no vision fatigue at all as long as with sufficient illuminant.
Influence of Inkjet Paper Coating Structure on Paper Properties and Print Performance
Authors: Zhu Yu Chuan , Chen Yun Zhi , Zhang Zheng Jian
Published: December 2012

The influence of coating layer structure on both physical and printing quality of the paper was studied. Different coating layers were obtained by changing the ratio of polyvinyl alcohol adhesives and silicon dioxide pigments in the coating formula. Then the structure, physical properties and ink-jet printing performance of the coated paper were measured. The influences of coating structure on physical properties and ink-jet printing performance were evaluated. The results showed that as the ratio of adhesive increased, the coating porosity decreased; the average pore diameter increased at first and then decreased, but in general tended to decrease; the initial drop contact angle increased, which testified the stronger hydrophobicity of the coated surface with higher adhesive ratio. The average pore diameter has a negative linear correlation with paper roughness while has a positive linear correlation with air permeability. The larger the average pore diameter, the greater the density values, as well as the better tone reproduction and the larger color gamut range. Average pore diameter also has a weak correlation with dot area and dot roundness.
Application Research on Image Color Gamut Visualization Using Volume Rendering Method
Authors: Jiang Yong Wen , Lin Mao Hai , Luo Yun Hui
Published: December 2012

Image-dependent color gamut mapping can avoid over compression of the image gamut, so it is able to protect the accuracy in color transfer. The premise of realizing image-dependent color gamut mapping is to determine the image color gamut boundary quickly. Now several techniques for the computation of gamut boundary have been presented in the past, e.g. the convex hull algorithm and the segment maxima algorithm. However, the printing image tend to have a higher resolution, it can be very slow and less efficient while using these methods to determine the image gamut boundary. In this article we will introduce a new pre-processing method based on volume rendering to process the image data to improve the speed of gamut visualization.
Quality Control Parameters Study on Flexography Cyrel Digital Imager System
Authors: Wang Yu , Zhou Yu Ying , Zhang Wan
Published: December 2012

Recently flexography develops faster and faster. The fine degree and the speed for making plate is asked to be higher. Flexographic cyrel digital imager (CDI) can meet the requirements. This article analyzes briefly to the parameters of making plate of CDI. The parameters for affecting the flexographic printing can be ensured. And the correct exposure time is made for making plate. Results show that the quality control is a systematic process. When printing different production, different screen lines, exposure parameters are adopted. By controlling the exposure time, the dot gain can be controlled effectively.
Study on the Model of Chromaticity Closed-Loop Control for Print Online Detection
Authors: Shi Rui Zhi , Fan Kai Bo , Zhou Xiao , Yang Kun , Shi Han Zhong
Published: December 2012

The print online detection technology contains wide range of content, for instance alignment inspection, defect detection and color detection, among them the color detection is the most difficult. In this paper, IGT printability tester is used to produce different ink film thickness samples of the yellow, magenta, cyan, black and map spot colors brown, blue, green, red, purple and other colors. Based on large number of experiment data collected, though mathematical modeling, data analysis, experimental validation and model updating, a closed-loop control model and techniques based on the chromaticity detection are proposed. By establishing the model of the relationship between the chromaticity value and the ink film thickness, the relationship between the ink film thickness and the ink key opening, the numerical calculation between the chromaticity and the ink key opening is achieved. The basic method of chromaticity closed-loop control is: when printing began, the model calculates the initial ink key opening with the ink preset algorithm, and set the ink key opening. After entering the print state, the model detects the RGB value of print by the machine vision technology, and converts the RGB value to CIE LAB values by color space conversion and gamut mapping. Then the model compares the Lab values with the standard values, determines whether the color-difference overrun. If the color-difference is within the allowable range, the model maintains the original amount of ink and ink key opening. If it exceeds the limit value, the model quickly calculates the deviation of the ink amount, and offers the ink key opening which is corresponding to the adjustment, feedbacks it to the print control center, resulting in the ink key response in order to achieve the real-time adjustment of the print ink amount. Compared with the control method of the ink amount based on density detection, the chromatic detection method is more accurate, and has better application prospects.
Study on Color Spectrum Prediction Accuracy of CYNSN Model
Authors: Si Zhan Jun , Hu Yuan , Wang Jia , Li Yu
Published: December 2012

Based on comparison of spectrum models, this paper chose CYNSN spectrum model as the study object, spectrum prediction as the main study content, the best model parameters’ acquisition as the aim, RRMS and GFC as the evaluate parameters of prediction accuracy. This paper designed the experiment, training samples and test samples to measure and calculate the parameters by programming: Ai(effective dot coverage ratio of the i-th Neugebauer primary), Rλ, i(spectral reflectivity of the i-th Neugebauer primary), n (Yule-Nielsen coefficient) and cell (cell number). The result of experiment and calculation shows that the best n value is 2.8 and cell number is 6. The result of CYNSN Model’s Color Spectrum prediction Accuracy shows that the average RMS is 0.0002, the max RRMS is only 0.0005, the GFC value is approximately 1, that is to say the CYNSN model achieved the better spectrum prediction accuracy after setting the best value of parameter.
The Processes of Practicing Green-Mark of Printing Companies in Taiwan
Authors: Han Feng Nian , Tzeng Sy Yi
Published: December 2012

Taiwan Green-Mark was authorized by the government so as to put it into practice. However, Taiwan Green-Mark of printing companies is a unique automatic initialization by printing industry. In order to explore the possibility of Taiwan Green-Mark of printing companies, the research method conducted with content analysis, experts interview and panel discussion. It constructs the content of Taiwan Green-Mark of printing companies for eight indicators and its implementation processes. The draft of Taiwan Green-Mark of printing companies mainly referred to Nordic Eco-labelling of Printing Companies in Nordic countries, Environmental marketing CCD-041 and Environmental marketing CCD-141 in Canada while accompanied with domestic environmental bill and pollution control standards. The indicators were built by case studies and experiments in 16 printing companies have been well modified their original design. Printing companies apply its own Taiwan Green-Mark not only improve their products quality but also express good will to environment.
Research on the Influence of Ink Surface Tension to the Formation of Ink Droplet
Authors: Jia Chun Jiang , Chen Guang Xue , Li Xiao Zhou , Zhao Lei
Published: December 2012

Ink jet printing, as the key point of digital printing development, has already got some progress as technical be concerned, and also it has been used in industrial producing. But until now, ink jet printing still has some problems to be solved, include satellite droplet, droplet dimension, and spreading of droplet on substrate and so on. These problems involving parameters include dimension and geometry of the print-head, quality and characteristics of the control signal, surface tension of the ink, viscosity of the ink, characteristics of the substrate surface and so on. In this paper we just analysis the influence of ink surface tension to the process from jet to formation of the droplet by establishing mathematical model, but keep other parameters unchanged. At last, we get the relationship between ink surface tension and droplet parameters, so that it can be used as theoretical basement for print-head design and researching of ink.
Theoretical Research of Color Reproduction on Concentric Dot
Authors: Wang Qi , Zhou Xiao Fan , Liu Xiao Hao
Published: December 2012

Concentric dot is a new shape of ink dot, which subdivides dot of AM screening into ring and space. Concentric dot has morphological characteristics and reproduction characteristics of AM dots and FM dots, also has excellent color reproduction characteristics. Compared with traditional solid dot, high saturation of concentric dot has been proven. However, the mechanism of this phenomenon is rarely reported. Taking AM dots as reference, this paper try to explain the high saturation of concentric dot theoretically from several aspects, and aims to reveal the mechanism of the color reproduction characteristics of concentric dots. Due to the low amount of ink, the surface of concentric dots is smoother, and achieves better reproduction of color. The distribution characteristics of ring and space result in dot gain both inside and outside of concentric dots, which have a positive impact on the color reproduction. Establishing the relationship of optical dot area and saturation, the difference of color reproduction characteristics between concentric dots and AM dots can be analyzed as the result of the different microstructure of two dots. Using the improved Clapper-Yule model and the law of Lambert-Beer, the conclusion above can be analyzed theoretically. On this basis, experiments are designed and carried out to prove the correctness of theoretical analysis. According to the research, several conclusions are made. The conclusions can be list as follow: different saturations of concentric dots and AM dots lead to different color reproduction, when optical dot area stays the same; different saturations of concentric dots and AM dots is mainly caused by the microstructures of the tow dots; Under the same condition of incident light, concentric dots of monochrome ink reflect more of the visible spectrum than AM dots after absorption, which reasonably explains the high saturation of concentric dots. The study is to reveal the principle of color reproduction of concentric dots with high saturation, providing a theoretical basis for the application of concentric screening technology.
Research on Computing Model of the Cell Volume for Electronic Engraved Gravure
Authors: Deng Pu Jun , Zhang Gai Mei , Fang Wei , Guo Jian Hui
Published: December 2012

Gravure printing has been applied widely in flexible packaging, building materials and other fields, and amount of ink transfer is an important factor to affect the printing quality and depends largely on the volume of the gravure cell. The volume of cell is affected by gravure process parameters such as screen lines, cell angle and engraving needle angle, so the volume of cell is calculated difficulty, and it is difficulty for the optimization of the gravure plate-making process. This paper presents a computing model calculating the volume of gravure cell. The cells for three kind of dot coverage rate are carved with 70LPC screening lines and 120°needle angle, their opening length, width and depth are measured by cell measuring instrument, their relation is been found by MATLAB and the computing model is built to calculate the cell volume model .The results show that the computing model is suitable for different cell angle, and the cell volume depends the screening rules, cell angle, needle angle and the cell depth. If the depth for different dot coverage rate is measured the cell volume will be calculated.
Decoupling Control for Unwinding Tension Control Systems
Authors: Bian Min , Yang Mei
Published: December 2012

During the printing process, invariable tension is very important to make sure the high printing quality. It’s well known that the relation of tension and tape velocity is strong-coupling based on the model of tension control, the modeling of tension possesses varies a lot in the control process, and various disturbances are inevitable during printing. All of these make the tension control systems unstable and affect the printing quality. This paper purposes a method to decrease the strong-coupling relation between speed and tension and control the speed-tension accurately. Based on the shaft-less printing press, the unwinding tension model and servo driver model are given. Decoupling controller is designed in this paper, and simulation results show that this method can improve the coupling degree and control performance.
Research on the Ink Absorption Test Method of High Reflectivity Paper
Authors: Wang Qin Wen , Fu Shi Yu , Chen Gang
Published: December 2012

Based on the Vacuum Aluminized Paper, this thesis mainly researches the ink absorption test method of high reflectivity paper. It demonstrates the ordinary K&N method which use whiteness meter to measure the paper reflectivity is not applicable to the Vacuum Aluminized Paper, which by means of combination of theoretical analysis and experimental verification. And through analyzing its key characteristics, the K&N absorption test method has been improved and final use glossiness meter with 45°angle to measure the paper reflectivity and use K&N index to represent the ink absorption ability. This method can be used in high reflectivity paper, such as Vacuum Aluminized Paper, and the K&N index can relatively truly response the ink absorption ability. Our experiments show that the improved K&N absorption test method can accurately measuring the ink absorbency of high reflectivity paper.
The Application of Gray Associated with Neighborhood Characteristics in the Defect Denoising
Authors: Wei Ai Juan , Li Qian , Tang Wei
Published: December 2012

This paper proposed an improvement method based on Gray associated with neighborhood characteristics, according to the characteristics of paper defect images, such as the variety of noise sources and the limit of samples. The focus of this method is according to the internal relations between the various factors of the system and the development trend of the degree of similarity to measure the degree of association between these factors. Through example of simulation experiments show that the method is better inhibited image smoothing region noise and improve the visual effect of the denoised image.
Use of Microcapsules of Oregano Essential Oil to Extend the Shelf Life of Strawberries
Authors: Liu Guang Fa , Wang Jian Qing , Zhao Ya Zhu
Published: December 2012

This work explored the use of microcapsules of natural plant essential oils to increase the shelf life of strawberries during storage. First, antimicrobial tests were performed with selected essential oils to evaluate their antimicrobial capacities against moulds isolated from strawberries. Oregano essential oil was found as strong bioactive agents against moulds from strawberries, whereas cinnamon essential oil had lower antimicrobial properties. Then, microcapsules of oregano essential oil were prepared with oregano essential oil, sodium alginate, Tween 80, and monoglycerides, and their internal structure were observed by SEM, and their oils contain were tested by UV-visible spectrophotometer inspection. Different amounts of microcapsules of oregano essential oil were wrapped into small polypropylene non-woven package, and they were pasted on the internal of corrugated boxes. Finally, freshly picked strawberries were put into corrugated boxes and stored at room temperature (from 16°C to 18°C) for 4 days. The results showed that the use of microcapsules of oregano essential oil could effectively inhibit the decay of strawberries, maintain their quality, and extend their shelf life. Strawberries presented the best quality when the amount of microcapsules arrived at 0.828 grams per 500 grams of strawberries.
Research of the Factor that Influence the Glossiness of Water-Based Tipping Paper Gravure Varnish
Authors: Yu Mao Jie , Huang Bei Qing , Wei Xian Fu
Published: December 2012

In order to prepare high-gloss water-soluble gravure varnish which is used on tipping paper, different content and types of filming resin with different content of all kinds of additives added are used to prepare water-soluble gravure varnish. Test its main performance and then use IGT apparatus to proof. The effect of varnish component and content on glossiness of water-soluble varnish is discussed by measuring glossiness of proof. The results show: different content and types of water-soluble filming resin have a great influence on the glossiness of water-soluble gravure varnish which is used on tipping paper; the glossiness of water-soluble varnish film can improve by adding auxiliaries such as cosolvent, substrate wetting agent, flow agent, wax emulsion and other promoter into water-soluble varnish system.
Application of Water-Based Magnetorheological Fluid in the Production of Stereoscopic Printing Grating
Authors: Zhu Zhi Wei , Chen Guang Xue , Chen Qi Feng , Tang Bao Lin
Published: December 2012

As one of the intelligent materials, Magnetorheological Fluid is dispersions composed of soft magnetic particles, carrier liquid and additives. The apparent yield strength of Magnetorheological Fluid can be changed significantly within milliseconds by the application of an external magnetic field. As the key elements of the three-dimensional imaging, the three-dimensional grating is a special material composed of cylindrical lens. Because water-based magnetorheological fluid has a unique magnetorheological effect, good rheological properties and environment-friendly performance, it is applied to the production of three-dimensional printing grating, through the change of the magnetorheological fluid to control the exact distribution of the soft magnetic particles, so as to achieve the desired accuracy, light transmittance and stability of printing raster, and finally present a ideal three-dimensional effect after laminating the grating and three-dimensional images.
The Research on Color Characteristics of Four Mainstream Monitor
Authors: Liu Yu , Zhou Min , Xu Yan Fang
Published: December 2012

Different monitors have different performances on showing the color characteristics. That is, a specific group of RGB values shows different colors in different monitors and different monitors have different color gamut. In order to study the abilities to show color characteristics among the monitors of Dell, HP, EIZO and IBM, we use PR655 to measure chromatic values of different colors on the monitors above. Then we analyze the Chromatic values .Finally we get differences of the monitors in color gamut, the gradation curves and gray balance as follows. As a result, the color gamut in the monitor of EIZO will be 1/5 larger than that in other monitors, colors of EIZO in Slant red and Slant green have an excellent performance and colors of DELL in blue have a better performance. As for the gradation curves, the RGB channels in the four monitors have shadows compressed and have highlights stretched. As to gray balance, if R, G and B have the same value, the monitor of HP tends to show more blue lights, the monitor of Dell tends to show more yellow and green lights, the monitor of IBM tends to show more blue lights, and the monitor of EIZO slightly tends to show more green lights. In a word, the monitor of EIZO has the best performance in gray balance, IBM is in the second place, Dell is in the third place and HP has the worst performance in gray balance.
Study on a Characterization Method of Curing Rate of UV Curing System Based on Rheokinetics
Authors: Huang Bei Qing , Luo Kai Yuan , Wei Xian Fu , Gu Ling Ya , Yu Mu Qun
Published: December 2012

Curing rate is one of the most important performance parameters of UV curing system. During the curing process, curing degree is closely related to curing rate. Cross linking and curing degree of the system could be reflected by rheological characteristics. A method based on rheokinetics was used to characterize radical polymerization reaction which initiated by UV light. Changes of G’ (dynamic modulus) in every stage of curing process were real-time monitored by a rheometer equipped with UV curing accessory. The influence of varieties and contents of photo-initiators on curing process of polyester acrylates was studied. Associating conversion rate with dynamic modulus, a nonlinear kinetic equation was set up to describe the cure reaction. The results show that, this paper has put forward a method based on rheokinetics, to study the curing rate of UV curing system, and provided a new approach to study UV cure reaction.
Preparation and Properties Research of Anti-Fogging Polypropylene Packaging Films
Authors: Gao Xiao Jin , Huang Li Qiang , Li Xin
Published: December 2012

The anti-fogging properties of a new anti-fogging agent containing silicon sprayed on polypropylene were discussed. The anti-fogging agent was prepared by using silicone hydride and silica sol, the new anti-fogging agent with different consistency was daubed on the polypropylene film .The contact angle, first dripping time and ten drippings time of the anti-fogging PP films were tested. According to the range analysis, the best mixture ratio, which was just the optimum formula was found. The relationship between the anti-fogging agent consistence and the anti-fogging performance was discussed too. The result showed that the anti-fogging properties of the coated film were better and the mechanical properties of the coated film enhanced in some sort. The mixture ratio of the anti-fogging agent was that the silica sol was 12phr; the span 80 was 15%; the pH was 5.5. After the film was coated, the tensile strength of machine direction raised by 109.14% than the contrast. The elongation at break of transverse direction raised by 32.51MPa and that of machine direction raised by 17.95MPa. This anti-fogging agent containing silicon was preferable to polypropylene.
Spot Color Matching Method Based on Preserved High Saturation for Inkjet Digital Proofing
Authors: Su Hai , Yi Yao Hua , Liu Ju Hua , Miao Min Jing
Published: December 2012

The accurate reproduction of spot color is a difficult problem in inkjet digital proofing because of the properties of high saturation and out of the gamut of the spot color. A spot color matching method based on preserved high saturation is presented in this paper. The lightness is dealt with compression transform and modification, with the hue angle of the spot color unchanged. By this means, the precise reproduction of saturation of the spot color can be guaranteed to the maximum extent. When applying our method to the spot color matching process, the experiment result shows that, not only the property of high saturation is well preserved, but also the accuracy of spot color reproduction is improved.
Measuring and Adjusting the Printed Color Using the Complex Frequency Spectrum Color Characteristic Values
Authors: Pang Ye Chi , Pang Duo Yi , Li Zhi Jie
Published: December 2012

This article using the complex spectrum color characteristic values to regulate ink values, hue deviation, gray balance, etc. This method only uses a complex spectrum spectrometer, low price, easy to operate. Its gives the complex spectrum color characteristics to indicate the color physical properties, and has nothing to do with visual psychology, so it is objective, repeatable, and reliable.