bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of weed species on drought tolerant rice genotypes at Sundarbazar, Lamjung, Nepal
Authors: Chaudhary Amit , Adhikari Bishnu Bilash , Shrestha Jiban
Published: March 2019

Weeds compete with rice for water, nutrients, space and light. The effect of weeds on productivity of rice genotypes were studied at research field of Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Lamjung Campus, Lamjung, Nepal in 2016. Eight rice genotypes (IR-87684- 18-1-2-3, IR-83388-3-3-140-4, IR-8839-39-1-6-4, IR-87759-7- 1-2-3, IR-88966-22-1-1-1, IR-88839-3-1-2-2, IR-88869-2-2-2-2, and Sukhadhan-3) and two weed management practices (Weeded condition and non weeded condition) were studied in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Results showed that weeding operation significantly increased the growth traits and final yield of rice genotypes. Non-significant results among tested genotypes were obtained for grain yield and straw yield however the maximum grain yield (3.68 t ha-1) and straw yield (5.99 t ha-1) were found in IR-88839- 39-1-6-4 which might be due to highest test grain weight (30.64 g), tallest plant height (105.7m) and lower sterility percentage (21.84%). Similarly, the relative grain yield loss due to weed infestation was 41.8%. The highest grain yield (3.99 t ha-1) and straw yield (6.90 t ha-1) was found in weeded plots compared to non-weeded plots (2.321 t ha-1 and 6.43 t ha-1, respectively). Among weed species, Rotala indica was found most dominant (1091 m-2) and proportion 18%) followed by Eriocaulon cinereum (245.83 m-2 and 12%). Interaction effect between variety and weed population showed non-significant results for all growth and yield attributes. The plots having highest number of weed population showed greater loss of rice yield. Thus this study suggests that weeding should be carried out to achieve higher rice production.
Sweet Potato Chips Development and Optimization of Chips Processing Variables
Authors: Timalsina Pratiksha , Prajapati Reena , Bhaktaraj Sabina , Shrestha Razina , Shrestha Susmita , Mitra Pranabendu
Published: March 2019

Sweet potatoes are nutritionally rich and can be converted into chips using a simple frying technique. However, frying processing variables affect the quality of chips significantly and optimization of processing variables is necessary to produce the desired quality chips. The objective of this study was to optimize the pre-drying time and the frying conditions (time and temperature) to obtain quality sweet potato chips with low fat. RSM with CCRD was used to develop regression and response surface models to observe the effect of pre-drying time and frying variables and optimize the frying conditions for the desired physicochemical properties of chips as response variables. The regression and response surface modeling indicated that the pre-drying time, frying temperature and frying time had a linear effect on moisture content, water activity, oil content and total color difference and a quadratic effect on L value, hardness and crispness of the sweet potato chips. The numerical and graphical optimization indicated that the quality of the chips was improved in the range of pre-drying (25-30 min), frying temperature (155-160°C) and frying time (5-6 min). The findings of this research will be helpful for a commercial setting of processing variables for sweet potato chips development within the experimental range.
Litigation and the Product Rule: A Rent Seeking Approach
Authors: De Mot Jef , Miceli Thomas J.
Published: March 2019

This paper examines the suppression of the product rule in litigation from a rent seeking perspective. We show that there are some important arguments in favor of not applying it. First, the expected judgment is always lower when the product rule is used, especially for relatively strong cases. Second, litigation expenditures are often larger when the product rule is used, again especially for relatively strong cases. Both of these factors decrease the plaintiff’s expected value for such cases. Third, when the product rule is suppressed, the plaintiff files all cases that he or she should win. This is not so when the product rule is applied. Fourth, for many of the weakest cases (the ones in which the quality of all issues is rather weak), the expected value of the plaintiff’s case is larger when the product rule is used. The main argument in favor of the application of the product rule is that when the rule is suppressed, plaintiffs file more cases in which the quality of one issue is weak and the quality of the other issue is strong. However, the influence of this factor on the ex ante incentives of the injurer is relatively small.
Inline-fähige Weißlichtinterferometrie mit integrierter Schwingungskompensation
Authors: Tereschenko Stanislav , Lehmann Peter
Published: March 2019

Weißlichtinterferometer sind weit verbreitete Messgeräte zur Erfassung von 3D-Mikrotopographien. Der Einsatz solcher Messgeräte in maschinennaher Umgebung abseits schwingungsgedämpfter Labore wird durch Umgebungsschwingungen erschwert oder sogar unmöglich gemacht. In diesem Beitrag wird ein passives Kompensationsverfahren am Beispiel von zwei interferometrischen Sensoren vorgestellt, mit dem der Einfluss beliebiger sowohl periodischer als auch transienter axialer Störschwingungen auf interferometrische Weißlichtmessungen kompensiert werden kann. Durch die zeitlich hochaufgelöste Abstandserfassung eines in das Weißlichtinterferometer integrierten Abstandsinterferometers werden alle Abweichungen von dem Soll-Tiefenscanverlauf gemessen und zur Korrektur der Weißlichtinterferenzsignale verwendet. Daraus wird anschließend mit etablierten Auswertealgorithmen die Oberflächentopographie berechnet. Die Schwingungskompensation wird anhand von Vergleichsmessungen mit und ohne Störschwingungen an verschiedenen Messobjekten demonstriert.
Value-Oriented Model of Tuition in the Context of University 3.0 Paradigm
Authors: Balashov Aleksey I. , Barabanov Anton A. , Vasilyeva Elena A. , Lushin Alexander I.
Published: March 2019

Introduction. This article presents the analysis of transformational changes in the Russian system of higher education. The authors aimed to develop a value-oriented model for the organization of educational activities. The concept of University 3.0 serves as a modern basis for ensuring the global competitiveness of national economies in the digital world.
Materials and Methods. The methodological approaches of the study were systematic, comparative and problem-chronological methods.
Results. The study expanded the understanding of the main stages of transformation in the higher education system in the Russian Federation. The results show that the destruction of the Soviet academic culture was accompanied by the destruction of the historical institutional balance. As a result, it became necessary to form new norms that define both the rules of interaction within the educational community and the place of this community in the overall social structure. The concept of Education 3.0 is designed to form these normative frameworks and ensure their interiorisation both in the pedagogical community and among students. It is revealed that in the modern Russian educational environment they are formed spontaneously, mainly due to the independent development of new technologies by students, while teachers continue to adhere to the previous educational concepts.
Discussion and Conclusion. The practical significance of the study lies in the proposal of specific measures, the implementation of which will form the reputation of the University, attract additional investment, enhance its competitiveness both at the domestic and international level. The timeliness of the study lies in the fact that the analysis of the educational reform was carried out taking into account the needs of value-based management. The results of the study will be useful for the management of higher education institutions to reformulate development concepts, as well as for the executive authorities to further reform the educational system.
Herpetofauna of Stara Zagora, Southern Bulgaria: Species composition and distribution along the natural habitat-urban areas gradient
Authors: Georgiev Dian , Georgiev Dilian
Published: March 2019

Herpetofauna of Stara Zagora city is characterized by exceptional species richness. In the this urban area and its adjacent territories, twenty-nine species from 13 families and four orders of class Amphibia and class Reptilia were found. From all species encountered in the studied region, 21 were established in suburban zones.
Ten species were registered in residential areas and their adjacent territories, and 18 species – in city parks. An obvious increase in number of species and their spread to the peripheral and central city areas was observed. The least number of species (5 sp.) was observed in construction areas, areas of intensive crop farming (6 sp.) and around administrative buildings (6 sp.).
Activismo judicial y su efecto difuminador en la división y equilibrio de poderes
Authors: Mej Jorge , P Roberto
Published: March 2019

ResumenCon el presente articulo de reflexi6n se pretende exponer te6ricamente que el fen6meno del activismo judicial desdibuja los limites competenciales del ejercicio de los poderes publicos a favor del juzgador, lo que dependiendo de la 6ptica de equilibrador o intruso, se puede ver como legitimo o ilegitimo. Asi- mismo, se sustentará en qué circunstancias un juez crea derecho, asumiendo la condici6n de legislador positivo, tambien se ilustrara cuando actua como legis- lador negativo y bajo qué presupuesto como juez-administrador. Finalmente se sostendra que el sistema actual de frenos y contrapesos en Colombia adolece de un desequilibrio o desbalance provechoso para la judicatura. AbstractWith the present paper is to explain theoretically the phenomenon of judi- cial activism blurs the jurisdictional limits of the exercise of public powers in favor of the judge, so depending on the perspective of balancing or intruder can be seen as legitimate or illegitimate. Also, it will be supported under what cir- cumstances a judge creates law, taking the form of positive legislator, also will illustrate when acting as negative legislator and under what budget as judge- administrator. Finally, we argue the present system of checks and balances in Colombia suffers from an imbalance profitable for the judiciary.
The protection of cultural diversity: reflexions on its origins and implications
Authors: Sarraz Jean Paul
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe first part of this paper presents a historical outline of how racial and cultural alterity (particularly indigeneity) has been imagined and represented by elites in Colombia since the nineteenth century. The evolution of these ideas takes us to the contemporary category of "ethnic groups" and its representa- tion in positive terms, a process that signifies a substantial change compared to past discourses in favour of cultural homogeneity. The second part of this text reflects on the ways in which ethnic policies are legitimized -today more than ever- through the principle of "the protection of cultural boundaries", a prin- ciple which is widely praised and uncontested, but which has become totally dependent on problematic concepts such as "cultural damage", "authenticity" or "preservation". Furthermore, the institutional actions based on that principle are actually uncertain, ambiguous and inefficient, a situation that invites us to question the "policies for diversity". ResumenLa primera parte de este articulo presenta una perspectiva histórica sobre la manera en que la alteridad racial y cultural (particularmente la indigenidad) ha sido imaginada por las elites en Colombia desde el siglo XIX. La evolución de estas ideas nos lleva a la actual categoria de "grupos etnicos" y su representación en terminos positivos actualmente. En la segunda parte del articulo se reflexiona sobre la manera en que las politicas etnicas se legitiman hoy mas que nunca a traves del principio de "protección de la diversidad cultural", el cual goza de un elogio generalizado, pero que en el fondo depende totalmente de conceptos muy problematicos tales como "dafio cultural", "autenticidad" o "preservación". Asi, se observa que muchas de las acciones institucionales que se han tomado en nombre de dicha protección son en realidad, inciertas, am- biguas e ineficaces, lo cual evidencia la necesidad de reevaluar las "politicas para la diversidad".
Carl Schmitt, Leo Strauss, Max Weber y el debate sobre la relación entre el orden político y los valores
Authors: González Geraldino Félix
Published: March 2019

El siguiente artículo busca reflexionar en torno al problema de los valores y el orden político. Relegado por el pensamiento crítico, dichas problemáticas se muestran, en la cotidianidad, ineludibles. Esto nos lleva a una consideración del entrecruzamiento entre axiología y política. Entrecruzamiento del cual las obras de Max Weber, Carl Schmitt y Leo Strauss nos sirven como aportes. Negación de los valores, necesidad de los valores y mediación de los valores, serán los puntos sobre los cuales el articulo reflexionará teniendo en cuenta las posturas de estos autores.
Association Between ApoE Polymorphism in Obesity Markers in Healthy Adults Who Follow the Greek Orthodox Fasting Rules
Authors: Koulouri Alexandra A , Papadopoulou Sousana K , Loukovitis Dimitrios , Rodopaios Nikolaos , Vasara Eleni , Hassapidou Maria , Biskanaki Fani , Tasoulas Dimitrios , Tassoulas Elias , Coats Andrew , Kafatos Anthony
Published: March 2019

Aim: To examine the association between ApoE genetic polymorphisms and BMI.Methods: This case control study of randomly selected, free living individuals from North Greece investigated whether traditional Greek Orthodox dietary practices could affect obesity markers independent of genetic influences, by examining the   Waist circumference (WC), waist hip ratio (WHR) and % fat mass (% FM), were measured in healthy adults who follow the rules of Greek Orthodox fasting compared to those who did not. 382 subjects (246 women and 136 men) were included in the analysis, 161 fasters and 220 non-fasters as a control group. Results: Age affected obesity markers in all participants with more obesity in the older subjects. ApoE alleles did not differ between fasting and controls. When fasters where classified as obese and non-obese, there was no association with age (p>0,077). In the control group, BMI and WC were associated with age and gender and WHR with apoE alleles (p<0.001). In the fasting group these correlations are not observed (p=0.545 and p=0.365 respectively).  Interactions between independent variables (sex, age apoE alleles and fasting status) and their influence on BMI, %BF and WHR. ApoE alleles and age significantly influence WHR (p=0.014). Conclusions: In the present study we found that the effect of ApoE alleles on adiposity was associated with age.  In conclusion, even if genetic risks factor influence the susceptibility to obesity and cardiometabolic disorders, lifestyle changes may ameliorate these effects.
Relación del sobrepeso y obesidad con el rendimiento laboral en trabajadores de una empresa metalmecánica en México
Authors: Manzano Elena Analuisa , López-Hernández Enrique
Published: March 2019

El sobrepeso y la obesidad son de los retos más importantes de salud pública mundial. México ocupa el primer lugar mundial en este rubro. En riesgos laborales, las empresas metalmecánicas ocupan el tercer lugar a nivel nacional. Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre rendimiento con sobrepeso y obesidad en los trabajadores de una empresa metalmecánica. Métodos: Estudio transversal, con la participación de 40 trabajadores del área de producción de una metalmecánica. Se aplicaron tres instrumentos: índice de masa corporal, cuestionario sociodemográfico - laboral y Nasa TLX. Se utilizó la Chi cuadrada, coeficiente de contingencia y odds-ratio. Resultados: El promedio etario de los participantes fue de 38 años (± 9). La escolaridad no mostró diferencias para primaria y secundaria trunca. Fue más prevalente el número de empleados con pareja estable. La antigüedad en el puesto fue en promedio de 7 años (± 3 años). No hubo asociación estadística (p <0.05) entre sobrepeso, obesidad y rendimiento laboral, pero sí entre esfuerzo y frustración, y edad y antigüedad en el puesto. Conclusiones: A pesar del sobrepeso y la obesidad en los participantes (52 y 28% respectivamente), fue paradójico que se percibiera de forma destacada el esfuerzo y no su relación con estas variables. Es destacable lo irrelevante del rendimiento, lo que puede interpretarse como una muestra de lo disímbolo que resultan ser las interpretaciones sobre las actividades laborales, entre patrón y trabajador.
Gini Katsayısını Etkileyen Faktörlerin Beta Regresyon Yöntemi Yardımı ile Belirlenmesi
Authors: ZAMAN Tolga , DÜNDER Emre , AYDIN Serpil
Published: March 2019

Bu çalışmanın amacı bazı gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelere ait, Gini katsayısı üzerinde etkisi olan makroekonomik değişkenleri belirlemektir. Bir ülkede milli gelirin dağılımının eşit olup olmadığını ölçmeye yarayan Gini Katsayısı, 0 ila 1sayıları arasında değerler alır. Çalışmada bağımlı değişken olan Gini katsayısı 0-1 aralığında oransal değerler aldığı için modelleme aşamasında Beta Regresyon Analizi uygulanmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre ilgilenilen ülkelerin Gini katsayıları üzerinde anlamlı etkisi bulunan değişkenler tespit edilip, çeşitli yorumlamalar yapılmıştır. Analiz R programlama dili yardımıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Şakok Armudunun (Pyrus elaeagnifila Pallas) Antioksidan, Antimikrobiyal ve Mutajenik Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: MURATHAN Zehra Tuğba , ERBİL Nurcan , DÜZGÜNER Vesile , ARSLAN Mehmet
Published: March 2019

Şakok
armudu (Pyrus elaeagnifila Pallas) doğal olarak yetişen yabani bir armut
türüdür. Hasattan sonra olgunlaşır ve yenebilir. Bu çalışma Elazığ’da yetişen
şakok armudunun toplam fenolik madde, toplam flavanoid madde, toplam askorbik
asit, glutatyon (GSH) ve süperoksid dismutaz (SOD) içeriklerinin; antioksidan
aktivite, antimikrobiyal aktivite ve mutajenik aktivitesinin belirlenmesini
kapsamaktadır. Elde edilen verilere göre örneklerin toplam fenolik madde
içeriği 174.2 mg GAE (gallik asit eşdeğeri)/100g ekstrakt, toplam flavanoid
madde içeriği 44.9 mg RE (rutin eşdeğeri)/100g ekstrakt, toplam askorbik asit
içeriği 14.5 mg AE (askorbik asit eşdeğeri)/100g ekstrakt, Demir iyonu
indirgeyici antioksidan güç (FRAP) değeri 515.6 µmol Fe (II)/g ekstrakt, 2,2′-Azino-bis
3-etil benzotiazolin-6-sulfonik asit (ABTS) süpürme aktivitesi % 53.5,
1,1-difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH) süpürme aktivitesi  % 48.2, GSH içeriği 3.98 µM ve SOD içeriği
6.88 U/ml olarak tespit edilmiştir. Meyve ekstraktının test bakterilerine karşı
farklı oranlarda antimikrobiyal aktivite gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Meyve
ekstraktının ön denemeler sonucunda belirlenen altı farklı konsantrasyonunun
(10, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 µL/plak) 
Salmonella typhimurium TA 98 ve TA 100 şuşlarına karşı mutajenik aktivite
gösterip göstermediği test edilmiştir. Denenen dozların hiçbirinde TA 98 ve TA
100 şuşları üzerinde istatistiksel olarak önemli bir mutajenik etki
görülmemiştir. Bu çalışma şakok armudunun önemli biyoaktif bileşenlere,
antioksidan ve antimikrobiyal aktiviteye sahip olduğunu ortaya çıkarmıştır.
STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF THE POROUS PLATES ON THE TANK BOTTOM ON THE BOILING PROCESS
Authors: BAYAREH Morteza
Published: March 2019

In the
present study, the boiling process is simulated in a fixed-temperature tank
using the ANSYS FLUENT commercial software. Eulerian method is used to simulate
the condensation and evaporation processes. The effect of porous media on the
boiling process is investigated. For this purpose, a porous medium with
different porosity coefficients is placed on the bottom of the tank and its
effect on the bubble dynamics and wall thermal flux is investigated. The
simulation is carried out in two dimensions and is considered as unstable. The
results show that the porosity coefficient of the porous medium affects the
bubble dynamics.  The process of phase
change decreases by decreasing porosity. Also, the growth rate of the bubble
phase in the tank increases with increasing the heat transfer coefficient of
the porous medium.
Aetiological evaluation of hyponatremia in hospitalised patients and its prognostic implication in disease outcome
Authors: Samal Satish Kumar , Sahu Samir , Kanwar Jaya Bhanu , Ray Subhashree
Published: March 2019

Background: Hyponatremia is very common in clinical practice. Proper evaluation of hyponatremia is essential as causes are many and management of it depends on the aetiology and its long-term outcome. Aetiological evaluation of hyponatremia in hospitalised patients and its prognostic implication in disease outcome was undertaken as such studies were rare in this zone.Methods: One hundred patients whose serum sodium level was <135 mEq/L were studied. The serum sodium and osmolality and urinary sodium and osmolality were estimated in all. The degree of hyponatremia, outcome after treatment and duration of hospital stay were analysed.Results: The mean age was 60.5 years. There were 73% males and 27% females. The incidence of hyponatremia was 10.7%. The mean serum sodium was 129.96 mEq/L and urinary sodium was 40.3 mEq/lL while the mean serum osmolality was 272.8 mOsm/kg and urinary osmolality was 357.7 mOsm/kg. Euvolemia, hypervolemia and hypovolemia were observed in 51%, 28% and 21% respectively. The common clinical features were drowsiness (22%), disorientation (20%), fever (28%), nausea (24%), anorexia (15%), vomiting (14%), hiccup (10%). The common causes were SIADH (34%), renal causes (15%), sepsis (13%), endocrinopathy (11%) and diuretics (11%). The common comorbidities were hypertension (66%) and diabetes mellitus (41%). The mortality was 7%. No side effect was observed during management of hyponatremia.Conclusions: Proper management of hyponatremia irrespective of aetiology had a better prognosis. Factors which are modifiable should be searched and rectified.
Comparison between AIR score and Alvarado score in cases of non-perforated and perforated acute appendicitis
Authors: Gope Debabrata , Dnayanmote Anuradha Santosh , Thakkar Saurav Mahesh , Tulsian Akriti Rajkumar , Kutty Shweta Achuthan , Ranka Miten , Patil Kuldip Annasaheb , Srilikhitha K.
Published: March 2019

Background: Acute abdominal pain is a common complaint in the emergency department. Diagnostics of one of the most common pathologies behind acute abdominal pain, acute appendicitis, has radically changed over the last decades. There are several different diagnostic scores for suspected acute appendicitis. The Alvarado score being most widely known. Appendicitis Inflammatory Response (AIR) score was designed to overcome drawbacks of previous scores. This score incorporated the C-reactive protein value in its design and was developed and validated on a prospective cohort of patients with suspicion of acute appendicitis.Methods: Patients with pain in RIF were admitted. Scores were assessed, patients whose score was significant by either of the system were subjected for appendicectomy. The specimens of appendix were sent for histo-pathological examination (HPE). Post-operative histopathology report was correlated with the scores. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive for AIR and Alvarado score were calculated.Results: For scores >4, AIR score has higher sensitivity and specificity. The negative predictive value (NPV) of AIR score was higher and the positive predictive value (PPV) of AIR score was also high. For scores >8, Alvarado score has higher sensitivity as compared to AIR score whereas AIR score has higher specificity as compared to Alvarado score. NPV of Alvarado score was higher while PPV of AIR score was higher.Conclusions: In this study AIR score had Alvarado score displaying higher sensitivity and specificity.
Study on clinical profile and management of varicose veins of lower limbs
Authors: Kumar Gorijavolu Naveen , Dattatreya C. V. N. M. , Naik M. Krishna
Published: March 2019

Background: The venous system of the lower limbs has the burden of posture, and blood has to be forced to the heart chamber against gravity. Commonly this problem is tackled either by a conservative approach or by surgical interference, both of which have their limitations. In the present study, an attempt is being made to study various clinical presentations of varicose veins, their management and complications.Methods: The data for the study was obtained from the patients admitted and treated in Tertiary Care Hospital, Kurnool for a period of two years from November, 2015 to November, 2017. Patients presenting with signs and symptoms of varicose veins, who were diagnosed as having varicosities of the superficial veins by clinical examination, were taken up for the study, after explaining the nature of the disease and various modalities of treatment available.Results: It is found that varicose veins and their associated symptoms and complications constitute the most common chronic vascular disorders leading to surgical treatment. It is more common in middle-aged group and in males. Patients presented with spectrum of symptoms and signs, dilated and tortuous veins being more common presentations. Long saphenous system is the most common venous system affected.Conclusions: Complications are negligible if cases are meticulously selected and operated. The present procedures enable the patient to lead almost normal life after surgery and the morbidity rate is very negligible. Though the newer trends in the management of varicose veins are showing good results, they need a long term follow up.
Evaluation of aspartate amino transferase to platelet ratio index as a non invasive marker for liver cirrhosis
Authors: Feros Mohammed , Shanmugam Lokesh
Published: March 2019

Background: Cirrhosis is a condition in which the liver slowly deteriorates and is unable to function normally due to chronic long lasting injury. Liver biopsy is considered as a gold standard for the diagnosis of cirrhosis and has many problems like bleeding, infective peritonitis which limit use of liver biopsies in all patients.Methods: A comparative study was done (90 cases and 90 controls) who fulfilled the inclusion criteria in a tertiary center.Results: The present study was conducted using a total of 180 participants, 90 USG diagnosed cases of liver cirrhosis was compared with 90 healthy controls. The mean AST level in the cirrhosis was 66.50±27.06 as compared to 21.26±6.52 in controls which was statistically significant. In this study the sensitivity and specificity of APRI was found to be 100.0% and 84.44% respectively, and the positive and negative predictive values were 86.54% and 100% respectively with significantly Area under the curve (AUC) (0.999, P>0.01).Conclusions: A simple index like Aspartate platelet ratio index, consisting of 2 readily available laboratory results (AST level and platelet count), can predict cirrhosis with a high degree of accuracy.
Management of boxers fracture with single antegrade bent K-wire
Authors: Sadiq Mohammed , Hussain Syed Azher
Published: March 2019

Background: Fractures of the neck of fifth metacarpal are commonly encountered in orthopaedic practice. Management of these fractures is a debatable topic with treatment varying from conservative management to surgical fixation. In our study we used a pre-bent k wire in antegrade fashion to achieve fracture fixation. We found that pre-bent K wire provides an excellent reduction with good correction of neck shaft angle and good restoration of movements at the metcarpo-phalyngeal and inter-phalyngeal joints. Pre-bent K wire provides an efficient and economical modality of fixation in fracture neck of fifth metacarpal fractures.

Methods: All patients presenting with fracture neck of fifth metacarpal were managed by pre-bent K wire in antegrade fashion by a single surgeon using a single prebent K wire.

Results: All the fractures involved the dominant hand (16 right and 6 left). The mean duration of surgery was 24 mins. Intra operatively the mean no of X ray shoots were 12. At the end of the follow-up there was no significant difference in the TAM in the affected and the unaffected hand. The p=0.17. The mean DASH at the end of the follow up was 2.42. The mean fracture healing time was 45 days.

Conclusions: Boxers fracture is very common fracture type in young active adults. Conservative management is usually associated with shorting and angular deformities. Percutenous fixation of the fracture with bent K wire placed in antegrade fashion provides good stability at the fracture site.

 
Conformidade contábil-fiscal e gerenciamento de resultados contábeis no Brasil
Authors: Martinez Antonio Lopo , Leal Lennilton Viana
Published: March 2019

Este estudo se propôs a examinar se uma maior conformidade contábil-fiscal restringe o gerenciamento de resultados em companhias de capital aberto, não financeiras, listadas na B3 no período de 2010 a 2016. A conformidade contábil-fiscal mensura o grau de aderência das normas da contabilidade societária e daquelas da contabilidade tributária. Metodologicamente, foram utilizados três modelos de regressões, em que os dois primeiros modelos têm o objetivo de fornecer, respectivamente, o grau de conformidade contábil-fiscal e os accruals discricionários, que serão utilizados no terceiro modelo, o qual é o foco principal de análise, em que se investigam associação entre a conformidade contábil-fiscal e o gerenciamento de resultados contábeis. Os resultados mostraram que quanto menor a conformidade contábil-fiscal, maior é a propensão ao gerenciamento de resultados. Adicionalmente, foi identificado que as empresas de menor tamanho e com menor rentabilidade tendem a gerenciar mais seus resultados contábeis. Os achados indicam que práticas contábeis que reduzem a conformidade das regras da contabilidade societária com aquelas da contabilidade tributária estimulam aumento do gerenciamento de resultados contábeis. Por sua vez, naquelas empresas com maior conformidade contábil-fiscal há uma menor propensão a gerenciamento de resultados contábeis. O grau de conformidade contábil-fiscal passa a ser, assim, um elemento determinante para compreender os incentivos econômicos ao gerenciamento de resultados contábeis no Brasil. Face as conclusões expostas, esta pesquisa é de significativo interesse para reguladores, profissionais e usuários da contabilidade, que podem identificar possíveis efeitos na qualidade da informação contábil de uma menor conformidade contábil-fiscal.
Possible Immunological Alterations in the Plasma Levels of TNF-α and IL-10 in the Traditional Application of Vernonia Amygdalina (Ewuro) Leaves in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Olaniyan Mathew F. , Ogunlade Alade A. , Atere David ,   Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Edo University, Iyamho, Nigeria,   Department of Nursing Science, Edo University, Iyamho, Nigeria,   Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Achievers University, Owo, Nigeria
Published: March 2019

Diabetes mellitus can induce release of free radicals and oxidative stress, which can trigger production of cytokines. Vernonia amygdalina has antidiabetic activity due to its phytochemical constituents. This work was designed to determine possible immunological alterations in the plasma levels of TNF-α and Interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the traditional application of V. amygdalina (Ewuro) leaves in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The study populations include all 33 diabetes mellitus patients (51-67 years; male, 21; female, 12) who had not commenced any form of medication or treatment and received herbal treatment in 10 herbal homes of Saki West, a local government area in Nigeria. Twenty-seven agematched volunteers who were treated on insulin medication in the hospital almost within the same period were also investigated. Patients who were positive to acid-fast bacilli sputum test, Plasmodium spp., identification, HBsAg, anti-HCV, and HIV-1 p24 assays were not included. Plasma TNF-α, IL-10, HBsAg, anti-HCV, and HIV-1 p24 were determined in the patients by ELISA while identification of acid-fast bacilli and Plasmodium spp. were carried out by Ziehl-Neelsen and Giemsa thick blood-film staining, respectively. There was a significant decrease in the plasma levels of TNF-α, IL-10, and glucose in diabetes mellitus patients after the administration of raw liquid extract of V. amygdalina and insulin compared to their basal samples before the commencement of the treatment (p < 0.05). The work revealed a significant increase in plasma TNF-α, IL-10, and glucose in diabetes patients, which returned to normal plasma values after treatment using raw liquid extract of V. amygdalina leaves and insulin.
Horizonte político de la religión en perspectiva de la democracia
Authors: Zapata Díaz Guillermo
Published: March 2019

La política y la religión en occidente en la perspectiva de la democracia y desde horizonte del cristianismo, siempre han estado estrechamente relacionadas, en tanto ambas dependen de la manera en la que el hombre se ve a sí mismo y al mundo que lo rodea. Pero una de las características principales de la democracia, el sistema político mayormente aceptado en el mundo de hoy es su secularización. La democracia ya no permite tronos, y la religión ha sido reducida a una posibilidad de tantas que tienen los individuos al momento de elegir cómo quieren vivir sus vidas. Pero todo sistema político implica una religión diferente y viceversa. La democracia no es, de hecho, el momento del fin de la religión, sino una reconfiguración absoluta de la experiencia religiosa que podría llegar a ser considerada la más auténtica de todas. Investigar la mutua dependencia entre política y religión a partir de la cosmovisión que el hombre tiene de sí mismo en el contexto de la democracia asumiendo el desafío planteado a la libertad religiosa desde el horizonte político que se propone como tarea el camino de la paz.
Importância Social e Mudanças Ambientais de Nascentes Urbanas do Município de Queimados/RJ
Authors: Mendes Marcos Pires , Gonçalves José Anunciação , Oliveira Michelle Fernanda dos Santos , Silva Sínthia Da Fonseca , Huber Franziska
Published: March 2019

A água é indispensável para satisfazer as necessidades básicas dos seres vivos, o que torna a escassez algo alarmante. Este estudo visa estimar a população que utiliza águas de nascentes urbanas, compreendendo que ela corre mais riscos de insegurança hídrica. Foi feita avaliação diagnóstica às características ambientais das nascentes e entrevista semiestruturada com os moradores usuários para coleta de dados. Cada nascente apresentou particularidades, com detalhamento individual neste estudo. Quanto à estimativa da importância social, apenas 0,4% da população queimadense ainda utiliza água de nascente, o que demonstra declínio da importância social. Dos usuários remanescentes, 511 correm risco de contaminação.
Aspectos da geomorfologia costeira entre a foz dos rios Itabapoana e Paraíba do Sul, norte do estado do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Gomes Tayna Batista , Bulhoes Eduardo Manuel Rosa
Published: March 2019

O litoral entre a foz dos rios Itabapoana e Paraíba do Sul destaca-se pela transição entre depósitos terciários da formação Barreiras e planícies fluviomarinhas quaternárias. Falésias ativas e inativas evidenciam o processo de retrogradação enquanto cristas de praia evidenciam a progradação da linha de costa. O objetivo é detalhar as características da geomorfologia costeira destacando geologia, geomorfologia e processos evolutivos. A metodologia consistiu no mapeamento de informações geológicas, geomorfológicas, perfis de praia, coleta e análise granulométrica representativas do sistema duna-praia-antepraia. Resultados apontam que perfis de praia côncavos e convexos mostram, respectivamente, áreas em erosão (ao norte) e áreas em acumulação (ao sul). As análises granulométricas indicam a presença de areia muito fina, areia fina e areia média evidenciando áreas com menor e maior energia de ondas, além da característica regional de elevado transporte de sedimentos.
SUBSTITUTION OF FISH MEAL WITH EARTHWORM MEAL (Lumbricus rubellus) ON FEED TOWARD UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS, TRIGLYCERIDE, LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN (LDL) AND HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN (HDL) CONTENT ON NILE TILAPIA’S (Oreochromis niloticus) MEAT
Authors: Reynaldy Guruh Firnanda
Published: March 2019

Earthworm meal can be used to replaced fish meal because earthworm meal has higher protein than fish meal. Earthworms can be used as meal which can replace fish meal which has a lower protein value than earthworm meal. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of substitution of fish meal with earthworm meal can increase the content of unsaturated fatty acids and HDL and reduce triglycerides and LDL on tilapia’s meat. This study was designed using a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 5 replications. The dose given at each treatment is 0%, 30% 35%, 40%, 45%. Treatments were conducted for 45 days, by feeding 5% of the weight of biomass with a frequency of 3 times a day. The results of this study were able to increase the content of oleic acid, triglycerides and HDL and reduce LDL (P <0.05). Substitution of earthworm meal has no effect on the content of omega 3 and omega 6 meat of tilapia (P> 0.05).
Corporate-NGO Partnerships through Sustainability Labeling Schemes: Motives and Risks
Authors: Poret Sylvaine
Published: March 2019

This article analyzes the emergence of partnerships between corporations and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) through voluntary product labeling schemes. The economics, management, and business literatures are reviewed to highlight cross-checking, consistencies, and complementarities among these disciplines. The objective is to identify and analyze the motives, risks, and joint benefits of partnering via voluntary product labeling, using examples from the agri-food sector. This study is an attempt to offer a framework of corporate-NGO partnerships by showing that the drivers and risks of each partner merge because each takes a step into the sphere of the other. The main risks – namely, a loss of profitability, credibility and legitimacy – are related to the financial and existential dependency and the asymmetric information between the partners in favor of corporations, inducing an ``NGO-capture'' risk.
Gulliver and the Rabbis: Counterfactual Truth in Science and the Talmud
Authors: Fisch Menachem
Published: March 2019

The paper presents Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels as the first attempt to claim that thought experiments, namely the close analysis of contrived counterfactual scenarios, are the only way we challenge normative framework assumptions and learn anything significantly new in and outside science. The standard epistemologies of his day – Baconian empiricism and Cartesian rationalism –fiercely ridiculed in the course of Gulliver's third voyage, are cruelly dismissed as powerless to advance knowledge, and keep it in normative check. The transformative effect of the clever thought experiments presented in the three other voyages (of imagining London shrunk to a twelfth of its size and enlarged to giant proportions, and a more responsible and intelligent race of beings inserted above (normally sized) humans) enable Swift to obtain critical normative distance from several major assumptions about politics, religion, aesthetics, ethics, and much more, including the limits of the thought experiment itself. In the second part of the paper, the impressivre use to which the Talmudic literature puts such imagined counterfactual scenarios, is examined, with special reference to ethics and law.
Cytological study in the Iraqi speeies of the genus Bromus L. Poaceae)
Authors: Journal Baghdad Science
Published: March 2019

This paper is a part of a cytological studies of the genus Bromus L. in Iraq . Cl number for 103 specimens ropro^eming l^species determined . The course of meiosis including an analysis of chromosome configuradon for 27 collections belonging to 8 species were investigated . Meiosis was regular in most species . Tetraploid for B.scoparius L. (new cytotype ) and hexaploid ?'or " Kunth. were re^rted for the first time, cytological findings were supported the view of maintaining the closely related species B.danthoniae Trin. and B.lanceolatus Roth, as distinct species .
New Solar Thermal Materials
Authors: Journal Baghdad Science
Published: March 2019

A number of ehemical ion materials were used as an absorber against solar energy. These materials were selected according to their absorption spectra in the wavelength range 300-800nm where the solar spectrum is coventrated. A solar olleetorw^esigd and The ability of each material inside the collector for absorbing the solar radiation was examined by a converter parameter “R”.According to the “R” parameter, the cohaltous and copperic ions material seems to be of higher capability for absorbing solar energy than the other materials.All the results were analyzed by means of a least-squared fitting program.
THE EFFECT OF EFFiCENCY FILM SENSITIV HOLEGRAPHIC
Authors: Journal Baghdad Science
Published: March 2019

The effect ©? acid and alkility for the dichromate solution and the thicknness of gelatin layer on the effecincy of the film , also the time period between the recording and the reconstraction processes . the last effecincy was 90% for PH=5.6 and 95% for d=110 ?? . the highe effeciny for time period was 82% for 48 h .
PREPARATION OF NITRATION DERIVATIVES OF BILE SALTS AND ACIDS FOR MEDICAL USE
Authors: Journal Baghdad Science
Published: March 2019

The derivatives formed after the successive acetylation, esterification and nitration reactions to cholic, deoxycholic, and taurocholic acids were identified to be of the following general strucure: Colt, Where RI=NO3, OH, 0=, or CH3COO. R2=H, NO3, OH, 0-=, or CH3COO. R3=H, NO3,01-1, 0=, or CH3COO. R4=OH, NH(CH2)2S03Na, NH(CH2)2S03H, or OMe. By using U.V-visible and I.R spectrophotometry . The number of hydroxyl groups was determined, purity was checked from T.L.C, Most of these derivatives will find pharmaceutical application.
Laser Finger Print Sensor with Holographic Grating
Authors: Journal Baghdad Science
Published: March 2019

Design and Construction system for recording Finger print by laser, and separted the signal to noise by holographic element, was done. For safety, total reflection lighting ensures hat aser earns an not enter An operators eyes. Holographic diffraction grating was used instead of computer program to contrast images.
Study of corrosion ofAI- bronze in Sodium Chioride Solution in the Presence ofbenzotriazole
Authors: Journal Baghdad Science
Published: March 2019

The corcosion behoviour of Aluminum bronze in sodium chloride solution has been studied ^tentiostatically at five temperatures in the range 293-313K.The corrosion potential shifted to more negative values with increasing temperature. The corrosion current density increased with increasing temperature. Values of Tal'el slopes and the transfer coefficients indicated hydrogen evolution reaction to occur at the cathode and mainly the dissolution at the anode.Benzotriazole (BTA) had an inhibiting effect ??? the corrosion of the Al-bronze in deaerated NaCl solution at a concentration (1*10'?- IxlO‘1) mol dm'^ over the temperature range 293-313K. Values of the protection efficiency and kinetics parameters were obtained from the corrosion current densities. 'I’he results indicated that corrosion reaction on Al-bronze occurred on surface sites having different energies of activation.
Evaluation of the one electron expeetation values for different wave functions
Authors: Journal Baghdad Science
Published: March 2019

The aim of this work is to evaluate the onc-electron expectation values < r > from the radial electronic density funetion D(r) for different wave ?'unctions for the 2s state of Li atom. The wave functions used were published in 1963,174? and 1993 , respectavily. Using " " ' wave function as a Slater determinant has used the positioning technique for the analysis open shell system of Li (Is2 2s) State.
B-splines Algorithms for Solving Fredholm Linear Integro-Differential Equations
Authors: Journal Baghdad Science
Published: March 2019

Algorithms using the second order of B -splines [B (x)] and the third order of B -splines [B,3(x)] are derived to solve 1' , 2nd and 3rd linear Fredholm integro-differential equations (F1DEs). These new procedures have all the useful properties of B -spline function and can be used comparatively greater computational ease and efficiency.The results of these algorithms are compared with the cubic spline function.Two numerical examples are given for conciliated the results of this method.
Comparative study of oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus
Authors: Journal Baghdad Science
Published: March 2019

The aim of the study was comparative between oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus using the measurement of some biophysical and biochemical parameters on two groups of diabetic patients, were conducted in the Al-Yarmuk Teaching Hospital,30 patients insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or type 1 ,their ages ranged between (15-45) and30 patients non- insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) or type 2,their ages ranged between (42-65).This study has been compared with 30 healthy subjects. The present study was demonstrated to evaluate the alteration in oxidative stress as measured by plasma and red blood cells Malondialdehyde (MDA) andchanges in antioxidant mechanism as measured by plasma and red blood cells Glutathione (GSH) in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 and type 2,in compares to healthy control group. The results showed significant increment in serum Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels ,and significant decrease in serum glutathione (GSH) levels of Diabetic patients (IDDM), (NIDDM)),compared with control. Total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), Diabetic patients (IDDM),and (NIDDM)patients showed significant increases in LDL levels. LDLs and very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs) the so-called “bad” cholesterols. Unlike HDLs, LDLs and VLDLs are high-cholesterol particles and significant decrease in HDL compared with control Oxidative stress results when free radicals increase more than antioxidants which is naturally synthesis in the body, then causes changing in the cells accure by oxidative stress.