bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of microstructure in solution-heat-treated Mg-5Al-xCa alloys
Authors: Liu Man Ping , Wang Qu Dong , Zeng Xiao Qin , Wei Yin Hong , Zhu Yan Ping , Lu Chen
Published: February 2022

The development of the microstructure in Mg–Al –Ca alloys was investigated both in the as-cast condition and after solution heat treatment at 415 °C for 0.25 – 120 h, using secondary electron imaging, electron probe microanalysis and X-ray diffraction analysis in combination with light microscopy and image analysis. The main intermetallic compound in the Ca-containing alloys is Al2Ca, and the formation of the Mg17Al12phase is suppressed in the presence of Ca. The decomposition of Al2Ca during the solution treatment is more difficult than that of Mg17Al12, and undissolved Ca was still present in the form of stable Al2Ca even after 120 h. With increasing treatment time, the coarse Al2Ca phase, which was continuously distributed like a network around the α-Mg grains in the as-cast state, underwent thinning and necking in the initial stage. Then it became disconnected and fragmentized, and finally the fragmentized Al2Ca particles were spheroidized and fined due to the diffusion of Ca and Al along the Al2Ca/Mg interface. As a result, the continuous network-like Al2Ca phase turned into a dispersion of spherical particles. The fine Al2Ca particles were homogeneously distributed in the matrix, which can be very beneficial to creep resistance and mechanical properties of Ca-containing alloys.
Dry wear response of a Zn-based alloy containing 37.5% Al as affected by sliding conditions
Authors: Prasad B. K.
Published: February 2022

This paper discusses the observations made pertaining to dry sliding wear characteristics of a Zn-based alloy at different sliding speeds and pressures. The wear rate increased with speed and pressure. The wear rate versus pressure plots attained two slopes wherein the slope was low up to a specific pressure followed by an increased slope at still higher pressures. This trend was observed at all the sliding speeds except the maximum; in the latter case one slope (identical to that of the higher slope at the lower speeds) only was noted. The seizure pressure was noted to decrease with speed. The temperature near the specimen surface increased with test duration, pressure and sliding speed. The rate of temperature increase was significantly high initially. This was followed by a lower rate of increase in temperature at longer test durations. In some cases, the rate of temperature increase became high once again towards the end of the tests. The influence of applied pressure and sliding speed on the temperature increase was practically identical to that on wear rate. Lower wear rate of the alloy agreed with less surface/subsurface damage and finer debris formation and vice versa.
Microstructure selection map for rapidly solidified Al-rich Al–Sr alloys
Authors: Zhang Zhonghua , Bian Xiufang , Wang Yan , Yin Kuibo
Published: February 2022

The effect of rapid solidification on the microstructure of Al-5Sr, Al-10Sr and Al-23Sr (wt.%) alloys has been investigated using X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The phases present in the melt-spun Al –Sr alloys are the equilibrium phases a-Al and tetragonal Al4Sr. The microstructure of the melt-spun Al –Sr alloys is quite different from that of the ingot-like alloys. Microstructure selection map is established for the rapidly solidified Al-rich Al –Sr alloys, in light of the microstructure together with the estimated cooling rates. The undercooling obtained through quenching at ≈ 9.5 × 105 K s–1 is sufficient for the Al-10Sr alloy but insufficient for the Al-23Sr alloy to completely suppress the formation of primary Al4Sr. Rapid solidification has a significant effect on the morphology of primary Al4Sr and the higher level of undercooling enhances the formation of the Al4Sr dendrites with 45° branches in the melt-spun Al-23Sr alloy.
Nanoscratching on surfaces: the relationships between lateral force, normal force and normal displacement
Authors: Kaupp G. , Naimi-Jamal M. R.
Published: February 2022

The relationship between lateral force, normal force and normal displacement has been investigated. Surfaces of diverse materials were nanoscratched at constant rate. Nanoindents with cube corner, Berkovich or cono-spherical indenter indicate proportionality of (normal force) ~ (normal displacement)3/2 up to considerable forces, sometimes approaching the 10 mN range, but phase transformations under pressure may change the slope. This differs from the varying Meyer exponents reported at forces higher by two to three magnitudes when applied to Vickers indenters. Nanoscratching on diverse materials consistently reveals proportionality of (lateral force) ~ (normal force)3/2. This relationship is valid for amorphous (fused quartz) and crystalline materials such as silicon, silica, strontium titanate and the polar molecular crystals of thiohydantoin and nin-hydrin with hydrogen bonds, or pure van-der-Waals crystals of tetraphenylethylene. Anisotropies of the crystals and the type of destruction (breaking covalent bonds, or hydrogen bonds, or van-der-Waals interactions; abrasion, or molecular movements) do not affect the obviously universal relationship but only the proportionality factor with the dimension μN–0.5 which describes materials response to the scratching action for the particular crystal face and anisotropic direction. The new quantitative relationship is usable for the calculation of scratch work and of other quantities related to the lateral force on the basis of the new empirical constants. Both new relationships from nanoindents and nanoscratches are unified in the (lateral force) ~ (normal displacement)9/4 relationship and experimentally verified.
Dynamic indentation measurements on amorphous materials
Authors: Palacio J. F. , Bull S. J.
Published: February 2022

An alternative indentation method to study materials that present a time-dependent behaviour (e. g. viscoelasticity) is the dynamic stiffness measurement technique, which provides fast and accurate values of the elastic properties through the calculation of the storage modulus (related to the elastic recovery of the material), and the loss modulus (related to the damping), using indentation cycles with oscillating load or displacement. We have made dynamic measurements on four amorphous materials (CNx, amorphous carbon, fused silica and polypropylene). Such materials have a relatively low density compared to crystalline materials of similar composition and atoms are able to move into internal free space during deformation. The results suggest that all the amorphous materials have a similar time-dependant behaviour associated with the restrictions to movement of atoms (or chains) by neighbouring atoms in the amorphous structure.
Thermodynamics and surface properties of Fe–V and Fe–Ti liquid alloys
Authors: Akinlade O. , Boyo A. O.
Published: February 2022

A simple statistical mechanical model, based on a quasi-lattice approximation in which one assumes the formation of complexes, has been used to study bulk properties, such as free energy of mixing, the thermodynamic activity and enthalpy of mixing, in liquid Fe –Vand Fe –Ti alloys. The energetics and its effect on the alloying behavior of the liquid alloys has been investigated with the aim of correlating bulk phenomena with surface effects. The analysis shows that, assuming the formation of intermetallic complexes of the form Fe2V and FeTi in the liquid alloys, one can explain the energetics of the bulk alloys. Our results for the bulk calculations indicate that Fe –V and Fe –Ti both exhibit a significant tendency for compound formation. From a perusal of the diffusion coefficient D, we observe the same trend towards compound formation, as demonstrated by the chemical short-range order parameter (CSRO) close to the assumed stoichiometric composition. Furthermore, using the model calculations in the bulk, we study some surface properties. Our calculations indicate that Fe segregates to the surface at all bulk compositions in Fe –Vand Fe –Ti liquid, though the segregation effect is more pronounced in the former alloy. The reason for this is that Fe –Ti is a more ordered system than Fe –V and, thus, the driving force for surface segregation in these alloys is their energetics.
Diffusional behavior of nanoscale lead inclusions in crystalline aluminum
Authors: Johnson Erik , Prokofjev Sergei , Zhilin Victor , Dahmen Ulrich
Published: February 2022

In-situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations reveal a permanent chaotic motion of nanosized liquid Pb inclusions embedded in thin aluminum foils. Individual trajectories of the inclusions were analysed to determine the character of their motion. The inclusions moving freely inside a crystal display motion with three-dimensional random walk characteristics while inclusions attached to dislocations display spatially confined random motion localized to the close vicinity of the dislocation lines. The diffusion coefficients of inclusions moving freely in the matrix were determined using Einstein’s classical equation for diffusion of Brownian particles. The diffusion coefficients of inclusions trapped on dislocations were found using an equation based on Smoluchowski’s analysis of Brownian motion of a particle under the action of a linear elastic restoring force. The dependence of the diffusivity on the size of the inclusions suggests that their mobility is controlled by kinetic processes on the inclusion/matrix interfaces. The Arrhenius analysis exhibits two regions with different temperature dependencies. We suppose that this is related to the existence of {111} facets on the inclusion/matrix interfaces.
High-pressure effect on grain boundary wetting in aluminium bicrystals
Authors: Lojkowski Witold , Otsuki Akira , Morawski Andrzej
Published: February 2022

The effect of pressure and misorientation on grain boundary wetting in aluminium bicrystals has been investigated. The grain boundaries were of [100] symmetrical tilt type. The wetting liquid was an Sn– Zn alloy. It is shown that the wetting angle is a function of misorientation but not of pressure. The reasons of the above results are discussed, assuming a linear dependence between the interface energy and pressure. It is shown that the difference of energy of the liquid/solid and solid/solid interface as well as the misorientation dependence of energy is simply proportional to the free volume of the interfaces.
Obtaining mechanical parameters for metallisation stress sensor design using nanoindentation
Authors: Soare S. , Bull S. J. , Oila A. , O’Neill A. G. , Wright N. G. , Horsfall A. , dos Santos J. M. M.
Published: February 2022

Sputtered aluminium layers from 250 to 2000 nm thick on (100) silicon have been indented to various depths and the nanoindentation load – displacement curves recorded. The loading curves were then simulated by finite element analysis and the results compared to identify the yield properties of the coating. Modelling data for thicker samples closely follows experimental data, but for thinner coatings there is a considerable gradient in properties through the film thickness.
Experimental investigation and thermodynamic calculation in the Al–Be–Si ternary system
Authors: Pan Zhu , Du Yong , Huang Baiyun
Published: February 2022

A thermodynamic optimization for the Be– Si system has been performed using the CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagrams) technique applied to newly measured phase diagram data. The description for this binary system is then combined with the thermodynamic parameters in the Al –Be and Al –Si systems to synthesize a thermodynamic description for the Al –Be –Si ternary system. To verify the reliability of the extrapolated ternary phase diagrams, 11 decisive ternary alloys are prepared by are melting Al, Be and Si pieces and annealing at 530 °C for 8 days. Water-quenched samples are analyzed using differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray (SEM/EDX) techniques. The calculated isopleths at 94 wt.% Al, 88 wt.% Al, 50 at.% Al, and 2 wt.% Be are compared with the experimental data from the present work and the literature. The comparisons show that no ternary interaction parameter is needed for the ther-modynamic description of this ternary system. The liquidus projection and reaction scheme are also presented.
Thermodynamic assessment of the Ca–Sn system
Authors: Cartigny Y. , Fiorani J. M. , Maître A. , Vilasi M.
Published: February 2022

Thermodynamic modelling of the Ca–Sn binary system was carried out. The thermodynamic parameters related to this system were determined from experimental phase diagram and thermodynamic information available in the literature. In this system the liquid phase was modelled by the association model with the “Ca2Sn” associated complex. This consideration permits to well restore experimental values. A set of thermodynamic interaction parameters, the calculated phase diagram as well as the comparison with experimental data are presented.
Effects of heat treatment on the lubricated sliding wear behaviour of zinc-based alloy containing nickel under varying test conditions
Authors: Prasad B. K.
Published: February 2022

This investigation presents the observations made pertaining to the lubricated sliding wear response of a zinc-based alloy containing nickel over a range of applied pressures and sliding speeds. Properties studied were wear rate and frictional heating. The varying wear response of the samples under different material and test conditions has been substantiated through the features of wear surfaces, subsurface regions, and debris. The role of various microconstituents in the material and their specific features have been correlated with the observed wear behaviour of the alloy in different material and test conditions.

The wear rate and frictional heating increased with pressure and speed. The data plots in general comprised initially low slope followed by a higher slope at larger applied pressures. Heat-treated samples performed better than the as-cast one except at the maximum sliding speed; a reverse trend was noted in the latter case.

The study suggests the benefits of heat treatment in terms of improved wear response of the alloy under specific test conditions. Moreover, the wear behaviour of the samples for different material and test conditions could be explained in terms of the features of their microconstituents and the predominance of one set of factors causing improved wear behaviour over the other producing a reverse effect.
Is it possible to treat nonalcoholic liver disease using a flavanol-based nutraceutical approach? Basic and clinical data
Authors: Hidalgo Isabel , Ortiz-Flores Miguel , Villarreal Francisco , Fonseca-Coronado Salvador , Ceballos Guillermo , Meaney Eduardo , Nájera Nayelli
Published: February 2022

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by a spectrum of diseases, ranging from simple steatosis to hepatocellular carcinoma. The main factors for NAFLD are closely related to obesity, insulin resistance, intestinal microbiota alterations, hyperinsulinism, low-grade systemic inflammation, nitroxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Currently, the treatment of NAFLD is based on diet and exercise because, to date, there is no specific pharmacological agent, already approved, that raises the need for new therapeutic strategies. Nutraceuticals, such as polyphenols, have potential beneficial effects for health. In this article, the beneficial effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and (−)-epicatechin (EC) are discussed. EGCG is the main catechin in green tea, which has shown in various studies its potential effect preventing and treating NAFLD since it has shown antihyperlipidemic, anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, antioxidant, and improvement of liver lipid metabolism. However, it has been found that excessive consumption may cause hepatotoxicity. EC is widely distributed in nature (fruits and vegetables). This flavanol has shown many beneficial effects, including antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperglycemic, antithrombotic, and antifibrotic properties. It increases mitochondrial biogenesis, and it also has effects on the regulation of synthesis and metabolism of lipids. This flavanol is a nontoxic substance; it has been classified by the United States Food and Drug Administration as harmless. The EC-induced effects can be useful for the prevention and/or treatment of NAFLD.
Study on the influence of structural form and parameters on vibration characteristics of typical ship structures
Authors: Zhang Chi , Yi Xiaoxi , Ma Wengeng , Wang Yan , Li Haichao
Published: February 2022

For the plate or multicabin structure of ships, the vibration transmission characteristics have a great correlation with the structural mode. When the excitation force frequency get close to the natural frequency of the structure, strong vibration and sound radiation will occur. Therefore, it is very important and meaningful to study the vibration characteristics and protection methods of ship structures. Based on the classic finite element method, this article studies the influence of structural forms and parameters on the vibration characteristics of typical ship structures. Taking the multicabin structure as a benchmark structure model, the influence of the structural form on vibration mode and transmission characteristics of the target deck and other cabin decks in the multicabin structure was analyzed. Then, without changing the original structural layout, the effects of different structural parameters on the vibration mode and transmission characteristics were analyzed. Finally, the vibration protection process of the ship structure was formed. The results of this study can provide methodological basis and data reference for relevant research in future.
Sense, reference, and contemporary “predicativism”
Authors: Green Karen
Published: February 2022

Contributing to the debate between referentialist and predicativist accounts of the semantics of proper names, this paper partly endorses a recent trend to reject unitary accounts of their semantics. It does so by restoring a Fregean version of the variety of use account. It criticizes alternative variety of use accounts for not clearly distinguishing pragmatic, syntactic, and semantic issues and argues that, once these are distinguished, the necessity of accepting that names have a variety of uses, and are sometimes logical singular terms and at others logical predicates shows that Frege’s claim, that we should recognize that names have both reference and sense, is vindicated.
Evaluation of BRCA1/2 gene mutations in patients with high-risk breast and/or ovarian cancer in Turkey
Authors: Akdeniz Odemis Demet , Celik Betul , Kilic Erciyas Seda , Sukruoglu Erdogan Ozge , Tuncer Seref Bugra , Kurt Gultaslar Busra , Adamnejad Ghafour Arash , Saip Pinar , Yazici Hulya
Published: February 2022

Objectives

To find BRCA1/2 test selection criteria unique to the Turkish population, as well as to provide the BRCA1/2 gene mutation distributions of patient population to the literature.

Methods

Genetic counseling was given to 2,373 cases with a family history of high-risk breast and/or ovarian cancer who applied to Istanbul University, Oncology Institute, Department of Cancer Genetics between 1994 and 2021 and selected by NCCN Guidelines for the BRCA1/2 test criteria. In our clinic, mutation screenings in BRCA1/2 genes were performed by Sanger sequencing method in patients admitted between 1994 and 2014 and by NGS method in patients admitted between 2015 and 2021.

Results

The overall mutation rate in our patient group selected from high-risk patients was 16.5% (391/2,373) after BRCA1/2 gene mutation screening performed in 2,373 cases who applied to the Cancer Genetics clinic. Of the patients with mutations, 57.5% (225/391) had BRCA1 mutation, 41.9% (164/391) had BRCA2 mutation, and 0.6% (2/391) had both BRCA1 and BRCA2 pathogenic mutations. People diagnosed before the age of 60 who have a history of triple-negative breast cancer had a 28.5% overall mutation rate.

Conclusions

BRCA1/2 mutation in Turkish population were evaluated in accordance with NCCN BRCA1/2 genetic test selection criteria; we discovered that all of our study results were statistically significant (p<0.05).
Die Reihe der nicht-zentrosymmetrischen tetragonalen Lanthanoid(III)-Oxidoantimonat(III)-Chloride LnSb2O4Cl (Ln = Gd–Lu)
Authors: Locke Ralf J. C. , Goerigk Felix C. , Schleid Thomas
Published: February 2022

All representatives of the isotypic series LnSb2O4Cl (Ln = Gd–Lu) could be obtained as single crystals, which crystallize just like the prototypic YSb2O4Cl in the non-centrosymmetric tetragonal space group P4212. The steady decrease in lattice parameters from a = 781.08(4) pm and c = 881.47(6) pm for GdSb2O4Cl to a = 764.66(4) pm and c = 877.53(7) pm for LuSb2O4Cl reflect the consequences of the lanthanide contraction, as expected. The Ln
3+ cations reside in the surrounding of eight oxygen atoms arranged as square hemiprisms [LnO8]13−, which are linked by four of their coplanar edges to form layers according to

2

∞

{

[

L
n

O

8
/
2

e

]

5
−

}

$\begin{array}{l}2\hfill \\ \infty \hfill \end{array}\left\{{\left[Ln{\text{O}}_{8/2}^{e}\right]}^{5-}\right\}$

parallel to the (001) plane. The Sb3+ cations form ψ1-tetrahedral [SbO3]3– anions together with three oxygen atoms. Two of these anions are connected with additional Sb3+ cations, but the third one shows no extra connectivity. Four ψ1-tetrahedral [SbO3]3– units build an eight-membered ring

0

∞

{

[

Sb
4

O
8

]

4
−

}

$\begin{array}{l}0\hfill \\ \infty \hfill \end{array}\left\{{\left[{\text{Sb}}_{4}{\text{O}}_{8}\right]}^{4-}\right\}$

. These isolated rings are arranged parallel to the (001) plane. Between the oxygen-connected triple layers of Ln
3+ and Sb3+ cations with the composition

2

∞

{

[

L
n

Sb
2

O
4

]

+

}

$\begin{array}{l}2\hfill \\ \infty \hfill \end{array}\left\{{\left[Ln{\text{Sb}}_{2}{\text{O}}_{4}\right]}^{+}\right\}$

there are single layers of Cl− anions, not connected strongly to any of the trications. Due to the presence of isolated cyclic [Sb4O8]4– anions, these lanthanoid(III) oxidoantimonate(III) chlorides LnSb2O4Cl (Z = 4) can also be described with the molecular formula Ln
2[Sb4O8]Cl2 (Ln = Gd–Lu) for Z = 2.
Quasi-synchronous thermocompensation for ISFET-based ionometric devices. Part 2: Implementation
Authors: Pavluchenko A. S. , Kukla A. L.
Published: February 2022

This paper is a continuation of the previously published work by the same authors, where general principles of the ionometric transducer design utilizing solid-state ion-sensitive electrodes (ion-sensitive field effect transistors, ISFETs) that can simultaneously serve as temperature sensors were laid out. In that part of the work, a possibility of using such transducer as a basis for ionometric device that performs automatic compensation of the temperature dependence of electrode potential without the need for a dedicated thermometric measuring path in the device structure was demonstrated with the circuit simulation results. Combination of the two functions (ionometric and thermometric) in a single sensor is achieved by separating the sensor operation modes in time, and dynamically switching between them by controlling the ISFET bias voltage.
In the present part, a practical implementation of the secondary transducer for ionometric sensors based on ISFET is considered and described. The proposed transducer provides the possibility of programmatic control of the ISFET bias voltage magnitude and polarity, thus allowing to use the ISFET as a temperature sensor. Consecutive switching between ionometric and thermometric modes of sensor operation, along with subsequent algorithmic processing of the obtained data by a microprocessor incorporated into the transducer structure, allows to compensate the temperature dependence of the ISFET electrode potential. Circuit diagrams for the main components of transducer — namely, the programmable voltage source for ISFET biasing and the transimpedance amplifier for the sensor output readout — are presented, as well as the experimental estimation of the ISFET sensor thermometric properties and the efficiency of thermocompensation.
Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) hatching in the Hudson Bay system
Authors: Schembri Sarah , Deschepper Inge , Myers Paul G. , Sirois Pascal , Fortier Louis , Bouchard Caroline , Maps Frédéric
Published: February 2022

Buoyant Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) eggs are found at the surface or at the ice-water interface in winter. While winter temperatures in saline waters fall below 0°C, the temperature in areas affected by under-ice river plumes is slightly higher. Under-ice river plumes may therefore provide thermal refuges favoring the survival of the vulnerable early life stages of Arctic cod. Thermal refuges would allow early hatchers to survive, benefit from a long growing period, and add to the number of individuals recruiting to the adult population: These expectations define the freshwater winter refuge hypothesis. More than 42 rivers drain into Hudson Bay making it particularly well suited to test this hypothesis. Whereas the bulk of Arctic cod observed in Hudson Bay hatch between mid-April and June, some larvae hatch as early as January. We used two independent but complementary methods to test the hypothesis: (1) Lagrangian model simulations that traced back the planktonic trajectories of the sampled larvae and (2) measurements of the concentration of strontium-88 in the otolith cores. Throughout the Hudson Bay system, Lagrangian simulations revealed that early hatchers were more likely to hatch in lower surface salinities and that larvae reaching larger prewinter lengths were likely to have hatched near or within estuaries. Analysis of otolith microchemistry showed that larvae with low strontium-88 concentration in the otolith core, indicating a low salinity hatch location, had hatched earlier and thus had a longer growth period before freeze-up. These results show the potential for Arctic cod persistence in the Arctic where freshwater input is projected to increase and the ice regime is predicted to become more seasonal, provided that the surface temperatures remain below embryonic and larval lethal limits.
Extradition of European Union Citizens anywhere except the Russian Federation: The Case of I.N.
Authors: Turkina Anastasia
Published: February 2022

In its recent practice, the Court of Justice of the European Union has held that European Free Trade Association (EFTA) nationals enjoy the same level of protection against extradition to a third state as EU citizens. This article analyses the reasoning of the Court and establishes a link with previous decisions on extradition matters. The author concludes that the test for extradition is still forming and its application lacks clarity and consistency.
Desert hedgehog mediates the proliferation of medaka spermatogonia through Smoothened signaling
Authors: Zhao Changle , Zhang Zeming , Qu Ximei , Bai Xiaoming , Liu Xingyong , Tao Wenjing , Zhou Linyan , Wang Deshou , Wei Jing
Published: February 2022

Desert hedgehog (DHH) signaling has been reported to be involved in spermatogenesis and the self-renewal of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). However, the role of DHH in proliferation of spermatogonia including SSCs remains to be elucidated. Here, we report that Dhh from medaka (Oryizas latipes) (named as OlDhh) could directly mediate the proliferation of spermatogonia via Smoothened (Smo) signaling. Oldhh is 1362 bp in length and encodes 453 amino acid (aa) residues with more than 50% identity with the homologs in other species. It has expression predominantly restricted to testis. The soluble and tag-free 176-aa mature OlDhh (named as mOlDhh) were successfully obtained by fusing with the N-terminal tag of cleavable 6-histidine and small ubiquitin-related modifier and then removing the tag. Notably, mOlDhh significantly promoted the proliferation of SG3 (a spermatogonial stem cell line from medaka testis) in a dose-dependent manner and spermatogonia in testicular organ culture. Furthermore, the proliferation of SG3 in the presence of mOlDhh could be inhibited by Smo antagonist (cyclopamine) resulting in apoptosis. Additionally, mOlDhh significantly upregulated the expression of smo as well as the pluripotent-related genes bcl6b and sall4. These data suggest that Smo is an indispensable downstream component in the Dhh signaling pathway. In conclusion, our findings unambiguously demonstrate that Dhh could directly mediate the proliferation of spermatogonia through Smo signaling. This study provides new knowledge about the proliferation regulation of spermatogonia.
Rany nowotworowe skóry – objawy i postępowanie miejscowe
Authors: Szkiler Elżbieta
Published: February 2022

Rany nowotworowe należą do grupy ran atypowych. Komórki nowotworowe mogą rozwijać się w długo niegojących się ranach nienowotworowych, a ich niecharakterystyczne objawy rzadko zwracają uwagę specjalistów. Leczenie miejscowe po zakończeniu leczenia onkologicznego zależy m.in. od stanu rany, a podejmowane interwencje powinny mieć na celu poprawienie komfortu życia pacjenta. Mimo że wilgotna terapia, system TIMERS i cechy idealnego opatrunku obowiązują również w leczeniu ran nowotworowych, ich działania mogą być inne, niż w przypadku pozostałych rodzajów ran. Priorytetem w leczeniu powinny być przede wszystkim: duża ostrożność w oczyszczaniu ran, atraumatyczne opatrunki i maksymalna izolacja wysięku. Nie należy ponadto stosować żadnych preparatów i opatrunków wspomagających proliferację i gojenie ran, ponieważ mogą one indukować rozwój nowotworu.
Poziom wiedzy i nawyki personelu jako czynniki wpływające na poprawność realizacji higieny rąk w obszarze medycznym
Authors: Cichońska Małgorzata , Maciąg Dorota
Published: February 2022

Higiena rąk jest najważniejszym elementem strategii w walce z zakażeniami związanymi z opieką zdrowotną oraz podstawowym zabiegiem służącym ich redukcji. Procedury higieny rąk w pełnym zakresie przeprowadza niespełna połowa pracowników opieki zdrowotnej, a dane z prowadzonych badań potwierdzają ciągle niski współczynnik zgodności dla higieny (na poziomie 1,4–6). Lista czynników mających wpływ na przestrzeganie procedury higieny rąk (według wytycznych WHO) przez personel obejmuje niewłaściwe przestrzeganie zasad higieny rąk oraz przeszkody utrudniające właściwą higienę rąk. Wśród przyczyn niestosowania w wystarczającym zakresie techniki mycia i dezynfekcji rąk wskazywane są: zapominanie o wykonaniu procedury, nadmierne obciążenie pracą, pośpiech w trakcie rutynowych czynności pielęgnacyjnych, brak wzorca postępowania wśród innych pracowników i przełożonych, brak odpowiednich nawyków, niedobór środków do dezynfekcji, jednorazowych ręczników na sali chorych, a także podrażnienie skóry rąk wywoływane przez środki odkażające. Higiena rąk jest obszarem wymagającym ustawicznego działania oraz ciągłej edukacji zarówno personelu ochrony zdrowia, jak i odbiorów świadczeń. Czynnikami wpływającymi na brak przestrzegania higieny rąk są m.in. niewystraczający poziom wiedzy i nieprawidłowe nawyki personelu medycznego. Problematyka ta wymaga ciągłej aktualizacji, ponieważ wskaźniki wykonywania procedury są zależne od aktualnej sytuacji.
Applications of variational methods to some three-point boundary value problems with instantaneous and noninstantaneous impulses
Authors: Wei Yongfang , Shang Suiming , Bai Zhanbing
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we study the multiple solutions for some second-order p-Laplace differential equations with three-point boundary conditions and instantaneous and noninstantaneous impulses. By applying the variational method and critical point theory the multiple solutions are obtained in a Sobolev space. Compared with other local boundary value problems, the three-point boundary value problem is less studied by variational method due to its variational structure. Finally, two examples are given to illustrate the results of multiplicity.
Objekto raiška lietuvių kalboje: gimnazijų rusų ugdomąja kalba moksleivių atvejis
Authors:   , Bružaitė-Liseckienė Justina
Published: February 2022

Object marking in Lithuanian: the case of Russian-language high-schools
The Long-term Cardiac and Noncardiac Prognosis of Kawasaki Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lee Jennifer J. Y. , Lin Ethan , Widdifield Jessica , Mahood Quenby , McCrindle Brian W. , Yeung Rae S. M. , Feldman Brian M.
Published: February 2022

CONTEXT

It is uncertain if children with Kawasaki Disease (KD) are at risk for non-cardiac diseases and if children with KD but without coronary artery aneurysms (CAA) are at risk for long-term cardiac complications.

OBJECTIVE

To determine the long-term mortality and prognosis of children after KD.

DATA SOURCES

Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register.

STUDY SELECTION

Controlled trials and observational studies were included if they included children with KD and reported mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), chronic cardiac or other disease over an average follow-up of ≥1 year.

DATA EXTRACTION

Data extracted included sample size, age at diagnosis, the proportion with coronary artery aneurysms (CAA), follow-up duration, and outcome(s).

RESULTS

Seventy-four studies were included. Thirty-six studies reported mortality, 55 reported a cardiac outcome, and 12 reported a noncardiac outcome. Survival ranged from 92% to 99% at 10 years, 85% to 99% at 20 years, and 88% to 94% at 30 years. MACE-free survival, mostly studied in those with CAA, varied from 66% to 91% at 10 years, 29% to 74% at 20 years, and 36% to 96% at 30 years. Seven of 10 studies reported an increased risk in early atherosclerosis. All 6 included studies demonstrated an increased risk in allergic diseases.

LIMITATIONS

Our study may have missed associated chronic comorbidities because short-term studies were excluded. The majority of outcomes were evaluated in East-Asian patients, which may limit generalizability. Studies frequently excluded patients without CAA and did not compare outcomes to a comparison group.

CONCLUSIONS

Studies demonstrate >90% survival up to 30 years follow-up. MACE is observed in children with CAA, but is not well studied in those without CAA.
КОМП’ЮТЕРНЕ МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ВПЛИВУ РОЗТАШУВАННЯ І МЕХАНІЧНИХ ВЛАСТИВОСТЕЙ ЕЛІПТИЧНИХ ВКЛЮЧЕНЬ НА ПРОЦЕС ДЕФОРМУВАННЯ ПРУЖНОЇ ПЛАСТИНИ З КРУГОВИМ ОТВОРОМ
Authors: Hart E. L. , Rybalko Y. V.
Published: February 2022

Досліджено напружено-деформований стан пружного неоднорідного середовища, яке змодельовано прямокутною пружною пластиною з круговим отворомі розташованими навколо нього декількома еліптичними включеннями. На основі скінченноелементного аналізу вивчено вплив способу розташування і механічних властивостей включень на концентрацію напружень в пластині. Дані рекомендації щодо зменшення концентрації напружень навколо отвору
ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ МЕХАНІЧНИХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК ТІЛА ВІРУСУ З МЕТОЮ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ СПОСОБУ ЗНИЩЕННЯ ЙОГО АКУСТИЧНИМ ВПЛИВОМ
Authors: Молнар Т. С. , Сокол Г. І.
Published: February 2022

В рамках розділу прикладної механіки «Біомеханіка» запропоновано новий спосіб знищення вірусів за допомогою акустичних хвиль, проведено аналіз існуючих методів знищення вірусів. В даний час пошук нового способу знищення вірусів дуже актуальний. Для реалізації нового способу знищення були розраховані основні механічні властивості тіла вірусу, для знаходження резонансної частоти і подальшого його знищення.
СКІНЧЕННОЕЛЕМЕНТНИЙ АНАЛІЗ НАПРУЖЕНО-ДЕФОРМОВАНОГО СТАНУ ПЛАСТИНИ З КРУГОВИМ ОТВОРОМ І ВКЛЮЧЕННЯМ ІЗ ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНО-ГРАДІЄНТНОГО МАТЕРІАЛУ
Authors: Терьохін Б. І. , Гарт Е. Л.
Published: February 2022

Проведено комп’ютерне моделювання поведінки тонкої пружної прямокутної пластини з круговим отвором і включенням із функціонально-градієнтного матеріалу. Із застосуванням методу скінченних елементів досліджено вплив геометричних (ширина) і механічних (модуль пружності) параметрів включення на концентрацію напружень навколо отвору при завданні різних законів змінення модуля пружності функціонально-градієнтного матеріалу. Здійснено порівняльний аналіз результатів у разі наявності включення із однорідного та із функціонально-градієнтного матеріалів. Подано рекомендації щодо зниження концентрації напружень.
cérebro imanente
Authors: Neto Moysés Pinto
Published: February 2022

O artigo pretende apresentar a neurofilosofia de Catherine Malabou em alguns dos seus principais eixos. Para tanto, após dividir a obra da filósofa em quatro segmentos, dirige-se aos estudos sobre o cérebro que investigam as questões epistemológicas e políticas que as neurociências colocam para as humanidades. A investigação se dá em três momentos: a) Que fazer do nosso cérebro?, que propõe superar o dualismo como modelo da resistência às neurociências e incorporar a biologia no altermundismo; b) os textos que criticam a noção atual de biopolítica como chave para exclusão da problemática neuronal e biológica das principais questões ético-políticas do nosso tempo; e, finalmente c) a questão da inteligência artificial e como o problema do cérebro colabora para a construção de um novo paradigma na educação e na política a partir da relação com o cérebro azul artificial. Finalmente, conclui propondo uma internalização da problemática neurofilosófica como superação do gap natureza/simbólico que mantém as humanidades presas a uma ideia de transcendência.
The Promotion Implementation of the Culture and Tourism Department of Indonesia on the Open Pit Nam Salu Geosit Tourism Object
Authors: Surya Desayu Eka , Efrianto Beni
Published: February 2022

The purpose of the study was to determine the implementation of the promotion of the Department of Culture and Tourism of East Belitung Regency at the Open Pit Nam Salu Geosit tourist attraction. The research was conducted with a qualitative approach, using descriptive methods, data collection techniques using literature review, and field studies consisting of observations, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that various promotions had been carried out. Other promotional activities include sales promotions by launching tour package events in collaboration with the Communication and Informatics Office, Education Office, Industry and Trade Cooperative Office in charge of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in East Belitung Regency, as well as local and national media. The promotion was carried out because the target public of the Open Pit Nam Salu Geosit tourist attraction varied from social, economic, and age backgrounds. The promotion's impact and usefulness are that more and more people know about the Open Pit Nam Salu Geosit tourist attraction, so they are interested in visiting it, making tourist attraction more popular. Research advice is to pay attention to places that sell billboards. For example, by placing them in the middle of the city that the public easily sees them.
Digital Promotion of Local Tourist Destinations in the New Normal Era and Its Effect on the Economy in Indonesia
Authors: Purwaningwulan Melly Maulin , Ramdan Tias Dwi
Published: February 2022

This study aims to analyze the Digital Promotion of Local Tourist Destinations in the New Normal Era and Its Effect on the Economy in Indonesia. The research uses a case study method and data collection through in-depth interviews and online observations. Informants were determined by purposive sampling technique consisting of the government, the community, and tourism communication experts. The results show that the promotion objective is to maximize tourism potential and economic recovery through the tourism sector. Marketing targets include mapping four perspectives. Design messages and media containing travel invitations using health protocols (maintaining distance, wearing masks, washing hands, limiting interactions, staying away from crowds) and messages with CHSE standards (Cleanliness, Health, Safety and Environment Sustainability). Promotional mix carried out by advertising and Public Relations. The evaluation includes the evaluation of health protocols through focus group discussions. In conclusion, the digital promotion of local tourist destinations has been maximal but flexible by looking at every development of the pandemic condition—the impact of this research for policy considerations to revive the tourism industry and the economy.
Praktik Pesan Makanan melalui Go-Food di Kota Surabaya Perspektif Hukum Islam
Authors: Nuruddin Mohammad
Published: February 2022

This study focuses on the problem of the practice of ordering food through Go-Food services on the Go-Jek application in Surabaya and the analysis of Islamic law. This type of research is a field research by using a qualitative descriptive research approach to describe the conditions, situations, or phenomena about the data obtained, namely about the practice of ordering food through Go-food services on the Go-Jek application in the city of Surabaya. Then, it is analyzed by using a deductive mindset, namely by explaining in advance about various things regarding the theory of ijarah, wakalah and the theory of buying and selling.  The results of the study concluded that the application of the food ordering system through Go-Food on the Go-Jek application from the pillars and conditions that use this ijarah contract is fully appropriate and valid according to Islamic law. From the conclusion above, the author gives suggestion to the Go-Jek application development party, especially on Go-Food services to provide a time limit for customers to cancel for certain reasons, precisely before the driver completes the purchase of customer food orders at the stall/ the destination restaurant. This is to reduce the losses that will be borne by the driver.
Praktik Denda Keterlambatan Pelunasan Produk Pembiayaan Arrum Haji di Pegadaian Syariah Blauran Surabaya dalam Tinjauan Hukum Islam
Authors: Aini Suad Qurrotul
Published: February 2022

This study aims to answer questions about the mechanism for determining penalties for late payment of Arrum Haji financing products at the Blauran Surabaya branch of Sharia Pawnshops and analysis of Islamic law both in fiqh and fatwa DSN MUI no. 43 of 2004. Sharia pawnshops are inseparable from the risk of loss, so that compensation (ta’wid) is enforced. In its implementation, Sharia Pawnshops include the amount of compensation in the contract agreement, while it is stated in the special provisions of Fatwa DSN MUI No. 43 of 2004 concerning Compensation (ta'wid) stating that the amount of compensation may not be included in the contract agreement. The results of this study indicate that the determination of the amount of compensation (ta'wid) is not fully in accordance with the legal requirements of ta'wid if the losses incurred are not due to real losses and only in the form of losses that are only estimated, as well as regarding penalties for late repayment of financing. or what is known as ta'wid (compensation) according to the fatwa DSN-MUI No. 43 of 2004, this practice is not appropriate because the fatwa is not allowed to state the amount of compensation/fines for losses or damages. customer negligence, but in practice Sharia Pawnshops include the amount of compensation in the contract.
Kiai dan Kemandirian Ekonomi Pesantren
Authors: Anas Mohammad
Published: February 2022

This is a field research that focuses on pesantren as the oldest and original educational institution in Indonesia and has successfully emerged as an independent educational institution. This success cannot be separated from the work and contribution of the kiai in organizing the pesantren. To unravel this theme, there are two formulations of problems that to be discussed, namely, (1) how is the kiai's role in establishing economic independence at the Mambaus Sholihin Islamic Boarding School, Gresik? and (2) what factors shape the economic independence of the Mambaus Sholihin Islamic Boarding School in Gresik? The method used in this study is a qualitative research method with two approaches, including: first, qualitative case studies which emphasize the subjective aspects of people's behavior. Second, symbolic interaction that seeks to understand human behavior from the subject's point of view. The results of this study conclude that the kiai's role in the economic activities of the pesantren is very significant, both because of internal and external factors in shaping the economic independence of the pesantren.
Program Semanggi Berbasis Kāfalah pada Lembaga Manajemen Infaq Surabaya dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam
Authors: Masruroh Siti
Published: February 2022

.This research focuses on the kafālah-based Semanggi Program at the Infaq Management Institute in Surabaya. This research analyzes the concept of kafālah from the perspective of Islamic law. The research method applies qualitative methods to collect data employing observation, interviews, and documentaries. The next stage is to apply the descriptive analysis method to understand the concept of the kafālah-based Semanggi program. The construction of understanding uses deductive logic. The results of the research construction on the Semanggi Program have not fully implemented the characteristics of kafālah according to Islamic law. Based on field data, there is no kafālah contract between Mākful Lahu (people who owe debts) and Mākful 'Anhu (people who are guaranteed), namely the teachers of the al-Qur'an Education Park to make a debt-receivable agreement. In the perspective of Islamic law, it is not included in the category of the kafālah contract because the characteristics of the concept of kafālah are incomplete. This research concludes that the Surabaya Infaq Management Institute must reconstruct the concept of kafālah so as not to harm other parties and the Surabaya Infaq Management Institute. Giving gifts based on Islamic law can be an alternative to the kafālah contract.
Management of the Surabaya Syariah Namira Hotel in the Perspective of Sharia Hotel Principles and Regulation of the Minister of Tourism and Creative Economy of the Republic of Indonesia Number 2 of 2014
Authors: Hana Ubaid Aisyul
Published: February 2022

This research is a field research to highlight service of the Surabaya Syariah Namira Hotel in the perspective of sharia hotel principles and Regulation of the Minister of Tourism and Creative Economy of the Republic of Indonesia Number 2 of 2014. To elaborate on that theme, there are two core issues that will be answered, namely: how is the management of the Surabaya Syariah Namira Hotel? And how is the management of the Surabaya Syariah Namira Hotel in the perspective of Sharia principles and the Regulation of the Minister of Tourism and Creative Economy of the Republic of Indonesia Number 2 of 2014? The data obtained through observation, interview and documentation. The results showed that the service and management of the Surabaya Syariah Namira Hotel is carried out in accordance with the internal hotel regulations and completed with facilities as required in sharia hotel. While based on sharia principles and the Regulation of the Minister of Tourism and Creative Economy of the Republic of Indonesia Number 2 of 2014, the Surabaya Syariah Namira Hotel is adequate to be classified as sharia hotel and as the Hilāl-1 category.