bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lecturas intergeneracionales sobre el gusto y las preparaciones habituales en hogares receptores de programas alimentarios
Authors: Sordini María Victoria
Published: November 2021

En Argentina, desde los años ochenta, el problema alimentario y las condiciones de pobreza son asistidas por múltiples programas sociales. Actualmente, ante la persistencia de las condiciones de pobreza, tres generaciones han complementado la alimentación de sus hogares con las prestaciones estatales. Objetivo: el objetivo de este artículo es observar las preparaciones que se realizan en un día habitual en los hogares que reciben programas alimentarios desde hace más de tres décadas para describir y comparar de manera intergeneracional las prácticas alimentarias de preparación y consumo de alimentos. Metodología: para ello se realizó un estudio cualitativo con el método biográfico en su modalidad relatos de vida. Con la técnica entrevista en profundidad se indagaron 45 personas entre 18 y 30 años, entre 31 y 55 y mayores de 56 años que corresponden a distintas generaciones y han recibido múltiples programas alimentarios a lo largo de sus biografías en el Partido de General Pueyrredon (PGP), provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Resultados: la primera generación demuestra mayor variedad de alimentos en sus preparaciones; se destaca una perdida en el uso de las verduras en la tercera y segunda generación. La preparación más eficiente es el guiso por su versatilidad en el rendimiento para múltiples comensales o comidas. La tercera generación realiza preparaciones con menor variedad de nutrientes y le asigna a sus comidas el atributo de poderosas. Limitaciones: no se trata de un estudio que analiza la ingesta alimentaria para comparar con las recomendaciones nutricionales, sino que, desde un análisis sociológico, se indagaron las preparaciones habituales, las percepciones en torno a la comida, el acceso a los alimentos. Conclusiones: si bien el gusto se configura por las condiciones de necesidad, también emergen grados de libertad como intersticios en los que se cuelan sabores, saberes culinarios, tradiciones, costumbres, patrones alimentarios y legados intergeneracionales cargados de sentidos y significados.
PREFERÊNCIA DOS CONSUMIDORES POR SISTEMAS DE PRODUÇÃO DE OVOS COM DIFERENTES CONDIÇÕES DE BEM-ESTAR ANIMAL
Authors: Groot Etiénne , Basilia Zocarato Vizú Jaqueline
Published: November 2021

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi estudar as preferências dos consumidores de Dracena/SP em relação a diferentes sistemas de produção de ovos de galinha, considerando o bem-estar animal. Para isso, foram realizadas entrevistas pessoais com questionário. No total, 65 consumidores participaram da pesquisa, em março de 2019. Os resultados mostram que, mesmo existindo uma preocupação quanto ao bem-estar animal, o sistema de produção é o aspecto menos importante na percepção da qualidade dos ovos. Verificou-se uma relação positiva entre percepção do nível de bem-estar das aves e a disposição a pagar pelos ovos. Considerando a margem de comercialização, estima-se que o prêmio que os produtores rurais receberiam seria de R$ 0,34/dúzia (sistema de gaiola enriquecida), R$ 0,64/dúzia (sistema free-run) e R$ 1,10/dúzia (sistema free-range) pelos ovos. Confrontando os valores dos prêmios com os custos de produção, os produtores rurais têm incentivos econômicos para migrar do sistema de produção de ovos convencional para um sistema que melhore as condições de bem-estar animal.
Catastrophic Drug Coverage in Canada
Authors: Azores Karlo Franko
Published: November 2021

There is currently no nationwide catastrophic drug coverage in Canada, and this creates many inequities with regards to the costs and accessibility of out-of-hospital (outpatient) prescription drugs. This paper examines why catastrophic drug coverage needs to be addressed as well as implemented in order to improve the inequities in provincial drug plans and the continued non-coverage of outpatient prescription drugs. This paper used the recommendation of the 2002 Romanow Commission as a point of reference for the need to implement catastrophic drug coverage in Canada. Moreover, the 2003 First Ministers’ Accord and 2004 First Ministers’ Meeting are used to reveal the government’s initiative to develop a Canadian catastrophic drug coverage policy that remains unaddressed and unimplemented to this day.
ALTERNATIVE CORN PROCESSING FOR AUR SERUMPUN FARMER GROUP IN SIMPANG VILLAGE, PASAMAN DISTRICT, WEST SUMATERA PROVINCE
Authors: Syukri Daimon , Yanti Nika Rahma , Salim Emil
Published: November 2021

Background: This activity was carried out in order to transfer corn processing technology to become a food product that could increase food product diversification in in Simpang village, Pasaman District, West Sumatera Province. Methodology: Tortilla chips as a derivative of corn were introduced through oral presentations and group discussion forums by the representative team from Andalas University together with “Aur Serumpun” Farmer groups at Simpang village, Pasaman District, West Sumatera Province. Conclusion: Information about corn processing into tortilla chips could be an alternative to multiple the types of products that can be produced by the farmer groups “Aur Serumpun”. Recently, they only produce one type of product, namely raw corn products which are directly sold to the animal feed industry. Although farmers were not very enthusiastic, continuous communication with farmers will increase their awareness of diversifying maize products that can support their economy in the future.
LEMON FLAVORED CLEANER TO PROTECT THE SOCIETY ON LARGE-SCALE SOCIAL RESTRICTIONS IN PADANG CITY, WEST SUMATERA PROVINCE
Authors: Ismed Ismed , Yenrina Rina , Anggraini Tuty , Silvy Diana , Efrina Efrina
Published: November 2021

Background: The corona pandemic has wreaked havoc all across the world, especially in Indonesia. Hand washing with soap or hand sanitizer is one approach to help prevent the transmission of the corona virus. To aid in the prevention of the corona virus, a variety of hand sanitizers have been developed.  Methodology: Therefore, hand sanitizers made from alcohol with lemon aroma have been produced and distributed to the community around the residence of the academic community of Andalas University. This hand sanitizer is made independently using ingredients such as alcohol, glycerin, water, hydrogen peroxide and lemon extract. Conclusion: The distributed hand sanitizer is highly accepted by the community because of the increasing need for personal hygiene due to the increasingly massive spread of the corona virus. It is hoped that this activity can be done continuously.
Can Surgeons Use Parathyroid Hormone Levels as Predictive Value in Parathyroid Adenomas?
Authors: Tokocin Merve , Vartanoglu Aktokmakyan Talar , Guray Durmaz Ahmet , Tokocin Onur , Bilge Huseyin , Yavuz Erkan
Published: November 2021

Aim: Previous studies using different methods for PTH measurement have found a mild to moderate correlation between iPTH and gland weight. The aim of this study was to describe the relationship between parathyroid hormone and parathyroid adenoma volume, in patients with parathyroid adenomas as predictive value. Material and Methods: The multicenteric study was prepared by retrospectively collecting data from 244 patients with parathyroid adenoma who underwent parathyroidectomy and followed up between 2010 and 2020. Results: Two hundred forty and four (female/male = 203/41) patients with a mean age of 51.41 [min-max: 17 to 88] years. The mean iPTH concentrations preoperatively were 584.27 ng/L [min-max: 18.9 to 5011ng/L]. The mean diameter of adenoma of patients was 2,865 mm3 [min-max: 0.119 to 42.3 mm3]. After parathyroidectomy, PTH values were reevaluated and found as 47.2 ng/L [min-max: 0.2 to 903 ng/L]. In the patients with large parathyroid adenoma volume, preoperative PTH hormone values were statistically significantly higher (p=0.001). Conclusion: Our current study found a positive association between baseline iPTH levels and adenoma weight. These results suggest that serum iPTH level may be useful in predicting parathyroid adenoma volume.
On Prevention of Diarrheal Disease: Assessing the Factors of Effective Handwashing Facilities in Bangladesh
Authors:   Institute of Statistical Research and Training, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh, Hossain Sorif , Islam Md. Mazharul ,   Bangladesh Institute of Governance and Management (BIGM), Dhaka, Bangladesh, Khokon Md. Asraful Islam ,   Janata Bank Limited, JCIL, Head office, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Islam Md. Monirul ,   Bangladesh Institute of Governance and Management (BIGM), Dhaka, Bangladesh
Published: November 2021

People in Bangladesh usually do not utilize handwashing facilities properly, which makes it challenging to implement hygiene practices of handwashing to reduce diarrhea and other health risks. Against this backdrop, this research attempts to assess the factors associated with Effective Handwashing Facilities (EHFs) in Bangladesh utilizing the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2019. This study utilizes descriptive statistics techniques and also bivariate and multivariable logistic regression methods by representing odd ratios to identify the relationship between associated factors and EHF in Bangladesh. The descriptive statistics show that about 74.22% of the households in Bangladesh have EHFs. Gender, education, ethnicity, male-head households, household wealth status, source of water, sanitation status, sharing toilet facility are identified as the potential determinants of EHF. As a result, we recommend that all levels of society in Bangladesh have continuous access to handwashing equipment and facilities to reduce hygiene-related illnesses especially diarrheal disease.
“Do not deem the measures taken as violence...”: public charity and governance in Transbaikal during the political regime of the ataman G. Semenov
Authors: Sevostyanova Elena , Ul'yanova Olesya
Published: November 2021

The object of this research is the regional charity and its transformation after February 1917, while the subject is the public charity in Transbaikal during the Civil War and political regime of the ataman G. Semenov. The research relies on the archival sources and periodical press materials. Using the systematic methodological principle, the topic is viewed in strong correlation with the events that unfolded in the society, taking into account structural, genetic, and functional relationships. The article is divided into parts, each of which reflects one of the facets of the articulated problem: disastrous fall in living standards of the population, household difficulties and psychological state peculiarities; crisis of the system of state care and collapse of the imperial system of organized public charity; public initiatives in the sphere of charity (forms, main recipients); “techniques” for encouraging charity used by the administration of the ataman G. Semenov. The conclusion is made that charitable activity overall during the political regime of the ataman G. Semenov retained. This was important, particularly in the conditions of declining living standards and growing number of destitute people, given that the circle of those eligible for receiving welfare has reduced, including for ideological reasons. The main recipients of public charity remained the orphans. Charity events for the own benefit, conducted by the educational institutions and ethnic diasporas, became a noticeable trend. The charity evenings for supporting the military, which in the early going appeared to be unregulated by Semenov’s administration, were prohibited. The authorities, interested in retaining public charity, often resorted to coercive measures fort its stimulation, including threats to habitual activity of the residents. The population was actively forced to donate for the army. The article reveals the methods of psychological pressure and coercion applied to population for participating in charity activities.
Commemorations of cultural-historical reconstruction in the context of network society
Authors: Bozhok Nikolay Sergeevich
Published: November 2021

The relevance of this article is substantiated by the need for scientific comprehension of the versatile experience of commemorative activity of the communities united within the framework of the All-Russian Public Movement “Clubs of Historical Reconstruction of Russia”. The object of this research is the collective commemorations that accumulate various forms of culture-making memorial initiatives of the indicated movement. The subject is the transformation processes of commemorative practices of the reenactment movement in the context of network society. The goal is to determine the key vectors of transformation of commemorations of the cultural-historical reconstruction, which reflects fundamental changes in the modern memorial space in the context of network society. The author advances the opinion that major changes in the commemorative practices of reenactors are substantiated by the transition towards the project-network form of interaction with a wide circle of social actors, the cooperation with which is based on the mutually beneficial exchange of deficit resources. The novelty of this work lies in explication and empirical testing of the concept of “memorial management” ( terminology of Aleida Assmann) for articulation of the specificity of the current stage of transformation of commemorations of cultural-historical reconstructions in the context of project-network society. The new material on the public memorial initiatives in the network projects of reenactors is introduces into the scientific discourse, which allows concluding that the transformation of commemorations of cultural-historical reconstruction is a complex multi-vector process that reveals a range of multidirectional trends characteristic to the Russian memorial space. The fundamental changes in commemorative practices of reconstruction manifest in the expansion of their scientific, educational, and inclusive components.
“Wiedergeburt” Society of Russian Germans in the Republic of Khakassia in the 1990s–2010s
Authors: Vorobeva Sofiia
Published: November 2021

This article examines the “Wiedergeburt” Society of Russian Germans in the Republic of Khakassia over the period from 1990s to 2010s relying on the archival sources. The object of this research is the “Wiedergeburt” Society of Russian Germans in the 1990s–2010s. The subject is the “Rebirth” Society of Russian Germans in the Republic of Khakassia. The goal of the publication consists in analysis of the history of establishment and development of “Wiedergeburt” Society in the Republic of Khakassia. The author aims to trace the history of creation of “Wiedergeburt” Society in the Russian Federation, namely in the Republic of Khakassia; as well as analyze the role of “Rebirth” Society in Germany-Russia relations. The article employs historical-comparative, chronological, and retrospective methods. The scientific novelty lies in the comparative analysis of the processes of creation and development of “Wiedergeburt” Society on the national level and on the level of the Republic of Khakassia; summary and systematization of  the related material using the historical-comparative and system-functional method for examination of the tasks faced by “Rebirth” Society in the Republic of Khakassia; examination of the regional branch of “Wiedergeburt” Society in Abakan within the system of nonprofit organization of Russian Germans; use of archival sources. The conclusion is made that “Wiedergeburt” Society in the Republic of Khakassia is part of the system of nonprofit organization of Russian Germans, and the regional branch of “Rebirth” Society in Abakan slightly differed from the central All-Union Society of Russian Germans “Wiedergeburt”. In pursuit of its goals, the organization was focused on the cultural-educational activity, preservation of culture and traditions, and development of the German language.
On the formation of the state borders of Afghanistan in the late XVIII – XIX centuries
Authors: Rabush Taisiya Vladimirovna
Published: November 2021

The subject of this research is the formation of state borders of Afghanistan throughout the period from the mid XVIII century to the late XIX century. A brief overview is given to this process during the existence of the Durrani Empire, while the main part of research is covers the events of the XIX century, since the reign of the Barakzai Dynasty. The article leans on the works of the experts in history of Afghanistan of the corresponding period, history foreign policy of Afghanistan and its individual aspects, as well as related documents. This topic has not previously become the subject of separate research, which defines the novelty of this publication. The main results are as follows: the author divides the history of formation of the borders of Afghanistan into two stages – since 1747 to the mid XIX century, characterizes by the dynamic policy of Afghan rulers aimed at the expansion of their territories, including through military conquests; the second half of the XIX century, which determines the new borders of Afghanistan primarily by the external political actors and their activity. It is worth noting that the period from the late XVIII century and the entire XIX century marks the formation of state border of Afghanistan that remain to this day.
PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN EVALUASI HIGH ORDER THINKING SKILLS PADA MATERI JARINGAN HEWAN DENGAN BENTUK TWO-TIER MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
Authors: PRAYITNO AGUS , Nofiana Mufida
Published: November 2021

Develop HOTS instruments in animal tissue material in the form of TTMCQ. Stages of development using the ADDIE model (Analysis, Determine, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The research was conducted at SMA Negeri 1 Baturraden in September-October 2019. The subjects of this study were students of class X1 MIPA who had studied animal tissue material. The data analysis technique uses descriptive percentages. Mapping competencies, making learning objectives oriented to HOTS, agreeing on the material to be tested, making analysis of basic competencies, making learning indicators oriented to HOTS, making grids of HOTS questions, making HOTS questions in animal tissue  materials in the form of TTMCQ, set the rubric of the questions, making feedback to students about question, see the responses of students working on the questions, ask for responses from the teacher related to the questions, see the ability of students to work on questions in the form of TTMCQ, asking for continued development of TTMCQ questions for other biological materials including the excellence and weakness of the questions. Based on the results TTMCQ can calculate the HOTS of students, easy to make assessments, easy to process the results of tests compared by description test. In the other hands, there are problems with TTMCQ that are: difficult to develop questions with double questions, many cost for administering tests for questions, and student’s confuse with how to work in TTMCQ although given instructions both oral and written.
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA POKOK BAHASAN SISTEM KOORDINASI MENGGUNAKAN METODE TGT DI KELAS XI IPA SMA
Authors: Rachmayanti Rika
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aplikasi model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TGT (Teams–Games–Tournament) dalam meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar Biologi siswa kelas XI MIPA 3 SMA Negeri 3 Cimahi tahun pelajaran 2018-2019. Kelas yang digunakan XI MIPA 3 yang didasari oleh hasil observasi yaitu: partisipasi siswa rendah dalam kegiatan pembelajaran, dominasi siswa tertentu dalam proses pembelajaran, siswa kurang tertarik dengan cara guru menyampaikan materi (metode tidak bervariasi). Data dalam penelitian diambil dengan menggunakan teknik dokumentasi, wawancara, observasi, angket, tes, dan catatan lapangan. Analisis data dari penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif, yaitu menguraikan secara deskriptif tentang perkembangan proses pembelajaran siswa dari siklus I sampai siklus III. Data yang diperoleh dari hasil observasi, angket, dan tes pada siklus I sampai III dianalisis secara kuantitatif dengan cara menghitung rata-rata di setiap siklusnya. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata hasil penilaian motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa kelas XI MIPA 3 pada siklus I (Skor motivasi = 124,86 (termasuk kategori baik); Aspek kognitif = 55,07; Aspek afektif = 29,06 (termasuk kategori cukup berminat)). Rata-rata hasil penilaian motivasi dan hasil belajar pada siklus II (Skor motivasi = 134,83 (termasuk kategori baik); Aspek kognitif = 62,77; Aspek afektif = 37,75 (termasuk kategori berminat). Rata-rata hasil penilaian motivasi dan hasil belajar pada siklus III (Skor motivasi = 150,97 (termasuk kategori sangat baik); Aspek kognitif = 76,73; Aspek afektif = 43,83 (termasuk kategori sangat berminat). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode TGT dapat meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar Biologi siswa kelas XI MIPA 3 SMA Negeri 3 Cimahi tahun pelajaran 2018 - 2019. Kata kunci:     motivasi dan hasil belajar biologi, model pembelajaran kooperatif, TGT (Teams–Games–Tournament
Persistently High Levels of Youth Unemployment in the 4IR Digital Society: A Structuration Theory Perspective
Authors: Walter  , Ngoepe Mpho
Published: November 2021

The 4th Industrial Revolution entails the adoption and integration of information and communication technologies leading to an increasingly digital society. This article contributes to concepts and applications of structuration theory and unemployment in 4IR literature and highlights research on societal barriers to digital transformation resulting in youth unemployment. We argue that social strata and socio-economic factors can have significant consequences for unemployed young people. These factors create and exacerbate existing divides that hinder equal access to the benefits of an increasingly digital world. The study findings reveal that one of the biggest challenges faced by most countries, is ensuring that the growing cohort of unemployed youth, with low digital literacy skills and little or no enabling resources, are given the opportunity to participate in the rapidly developing digital society. Technological advances, resulting from the 4IR, need to be better understood by using enabling concepts such as structuration theory. The article enhances a deeper understanding of the impacts of the 4IR in a developing country context and may offer insights into how policies and initiatives need to be revisited to address problems such as high youth unemployment. The 4IR is disrupting traditional economies and employment opportunities at an international level, but there are subtle differences from a developing country perspective. This article’s relevance is its contribution to structuration theory and its application within the literature on the 4IR. There remains an absence of understanding how best to encourage active citizen participation in the 4IR, especially in developing states with high levels of inequality. We conclude by presenting policy recommendations.
Effects of the Blended Family on Parenting Styles and Emotional Regulation among Tertiary Students
Authors: Lipat Diane D
Published: November 2021

This research examines the blended family effects on parenting styles and emotional regulation among tertiary students through a sequential explanatory mixed-method design. Through quantitative data gathered, an interview was conducted to have a deeper sense of the information collected. A total of 113 respondents were purposively selected to answer the instruments and 10 of them were chosen to participate in an interview for the qualitative part of the study. It was revealed that most respondents have authoritarian parents and are emotionally adjusting. In addition, there is no significant relationship between parenting style and emotional regulation. Furthermore, there is no significant difference in parenting styles and emotional regulation when grouped according to profile such as age and duration. The results gathered were supported by sikolohiyang Pilipino (Filipino psychology) which discussed the maturity, culture, and values of Filipinos and their families. These data were used to construct a counseling program to help students with blended families adapt to the changes that they will encounter.
La importancia e influencia del idioma inglés dentro del campo científico
Authors: Beltrán Santoyo Giovanni , Ruíz Huerta Esther Aurora , Gómez Bernal Juan Miguel
Published: November 2021

A través de los años, el inglés ha ido evolucionando y dominando las diversas formas de comunicación  ha permitido que surja como uno de los idiomas más importantes alrededor del mundo, ha generado un gran impacto en todo el mundo y ha servido como herramienta fundamental para la comunicación de manera internacional, ya que ha permitido que la sociedad tenga una mayor comunicación, pero sobre todo, que en el campo de la ciencia se haya logrado generar una expansión de manera global. A pesar de que la mayoría de los países no tienen el inglés como lengua materna, con el avance de la tecnología, ha aumentado el número de personas no nativas que dominan el idioma inglés ha permitido que estas puedan publicar sus hallazgos más recientes alrededor del mundo. Es por eso, que esta revisión recopila información para dar a conocer el impacto que ha generado el idioma inglés a nivel internacional en el campo de la ciencia.  Por lo que, se encontró que hoy en día existen diversas herramientas  y estrategias que nos facilitan la redacción de una manera adecuada.
Flipped learning for enhancing English pronunciation in remote teaching
Authors: Guevara-Bazán Isaí Alí
Published: November 2021

The objective of this paper is to analyze, design, implement and evaluate a teaching strategy for improving specific content in remote English teaching. To do this, an approaching analysis of an eight-students A2 level group dealing with pronunciation problems was carried out. After that, an interview for collecting data about the most concurrent pronunciation problems appeared in the course. Valuable information was displayed to analyze the most common problems for pronunciation in A2 students.  After interpreting the results, the pronunciation of regular verbs in the past tense was the most difficult problem for them. A specific strategy to cover students’ needs was designed. Since remote teaching conveys the use of technology and flipped learning is an option for the equipment available, the implementation of a video flipped learning task was designed. With the use of technology (authoring tools and mobile Apps), flipped learning, programmed instructional design students showed improvement in the pronunciation of regular verbs in the past tense.  Finally, it is concluded that this innovative strategy can effectively be reproduced for developing some other learning content in remote teaching.
La motivación para aprender inglés en estudiantes de licenciatura, un estudio empírico en México
Authors: Ramírez Vega Jaime Ulises
Published: November 2021

El presente artículo muestra los resultados de la última fase de piloto implementada de un estudio a mayor escala que se llevó a cabo con alumnado de bachillerato. El estudio a gran escala pretende describir la motivación con el Sistema Motivacional del Yo (Dörnyei, 2009) en más de 600 estudiantes de bachillerato. No obstante, en este artículo se muestran los resultados del cuestionario sobre la motivación en su fase piloto administrado a 57 estudiantes de la licenciatura de Diseño y Comunicación Visual de la Facultad de Artes y Diseño de la UNAM donde la asignatura de inglés es obligatoria y curricular; los reactivos fueron diseñados bajo la escala Likert a 6 puntos con 67 preguntas para la motivación y su perfil académico. Los datos obtenidos proveen una base sólida empírica de las características del aprendizaje del inglés en esta muestra cuando éste se aprende en un contexto donde el idioma es curricular y obligatorio. Asimismo, los resultados de este estudio dejan entrever que existe una relación entre la motivación, la influencia del profesorado, sus estrategias didácticas y la experiencia de clase como factores clave.
Primary breast MALT lymphoma: a case report
Authors: Paffer Pedro Toscano , Coimbra Ana Luiza Serra , Souza Gustavo Fonseca de Albuquerque , Costa Lucas Nunes Viana da , Paffer Matheus Toscano , Paffer Silvio Hock de
Published: November 2021

A 42-year-old woman, with no history of autoimmune diseases or risk factors for cancer, sought a private medical clinic for undergoing breast imaging tests, noticing the presence of a solid nodule with indistinct margins — BI-RADS 4 — in the left breast. An ultrasound-guided core biopsy was performed and complemented by histopathological and immunohistochemical studies, confirming the diagnosis of primary small B-cell MALT lymphoma. After treatment with radiotherapy, the patient evolved with remission, maintaining annual follow-up with a specialist physician. The importance of routine screening for pathologies that affect the breasts is highlighted, aiming at their early diagnosis. In addition, radiotherapy has good prognostic results at the expense of surgical treatment.
Fenología de las especies arbóreas de la Reserva Nacional Tambopata, Perú
Authors: Martínez-Sovero Gustavo A. , Rojas-Idrogo Consuelo , Delgado-Paredes Guillermo Eduardo , Zuñe-Da Silva Felipe , Huamán-Mera Alexander , Murillo-Domen Yuriko S. , Brightsmith Donald J.
Published: November 2021

El ecosistema amazónico es uno de los más importantes del mundo y también uno de los menos estudiados, en especial su vegetación y sus fenofases. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue identificar y describir los patrones fenológicos de las especies arbóreas de gran porte más frecuentes de la Reserva Nacional Tambopata, Madre de Dios, Perú. El estudio se realizó entre los años de 2010 a 2017; mediante el establecimiento de cinco parcelas de 50 × 30 m por cada tipo de bosque: Bosque de Aguajal, Bosque de Bajío, Bosque Sucesional y Bosque de Tierra Firme. En cada parcela se marcaron e identificaron todos los individuos arbóreos con diámetro ≥ 10 cm, a 1.30 m por encima del suelo. Se hizo un análisis de especies indicadoras por hábitats y los taxones resultantes se observaron periódicamente, para evaluar las fenofases de botón floral, flor, fruto inmaduro y fruto maduro. Además, se evaluó la influencia de las variables precipitación y temperatura sobre sus respuestas fenológicas. Se registraron 1 958 individuos, pertenecientes a 57 familias, 173 géneros y 300 especies; destacan las familias Fabaceae, Moraceae y Annonaceae con el mayor número de taxa y Arecaceae con más individuos. Se analizaron ocho especies indicadoras, dos por cada tipo de bosque. Con excepción del Bosque de Aguajal, las fenofases botón floral y fruto maduro alcanzaron sus máximos valores en septiembre y diciembre-enero. Esta información contribuirá a un mejor entendimiento de la fenodinámica de cada uno de los tipos de bosques de la Reserva Nacional Tambopata.
Estimación de parámetros forestales mediante datos de Sentinel 2A en Pueblo Nuevo, Durango
Authors: López Serrano Pablito Marcelo , Vega Nieva Daniel José , Ramírez Aldaba Hugo , García Montiel Emily , Corral Rivas José Javier
Published: November 2021

Los bosques templados requieren de un monitoreo periódico con el fin de lograr un manejo sustentable. Los sensores remotos permiten hacer estimaciones de manera indirecta bajo el supuesto de que existe una correlación estadística entre datos satelitales y parámetros forestales. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue estimar el área basal (G), el volumen forestal (Vta) y la biomasa forestal aérea (W) mediante datos espectrales del satélite Sentinel 2A en la Comunidad de San Bernardino de Milpillas Chico, Pueblo Nuevo, Durango. Se realizó un análisis de correlación entre información dasométrica procedente de 22 Sitios Permanentes de Investigación Forestal y de Suelos (SPIFyS) e información espectral de alta resolución del sensor Sentinel 2A. Posteriormente, se generó un modelo de regresión múltiple para cada parámetro forestal. El coeficiente de correlación (r) más alto se observó en el NDVI con valores de 0.77, 0.68 y 0.76 para los parámetros forestales de Vta, G y W, respectivamente. Los modelos desarrollados explicaron 59 % de la varianza total observada en el Vta (RCME=57.60 m3 ha-1), 58 % en W (RCME=39.29 Mg ha-1), y 51 % en G (RCME=4.40 m2 ha-1). El NDVI fue la principal variable predictiva en los tres modelos. Los datos de Sentinel 2A con resolución de 10 m en combinación con información dasométrica derivada de SPIFyS mostraron una buena capacidad para el mapeo de parámetros forestales en bosques templados.
Pengenalan Tentang Model Akumulasi Logam Berat Hg dan Cd dalam Jaringan Makhluk Hidup Melalui Pelatihan pada Siswa MTsN 1 Kota Bima
Authors: K. Khairuddin  , M. Yamin  , K. Kusmiyati  , Zulkifli Lalu
Published: November 2021

Model akumulasi logam berat air raksa (Hg) dan Kadmium (Cd) pada manusia adalah hal yang perlu dipahami oleh siswa pada berbagai jenjang sekolah termasuk siswa Madrasah tsanawiah Negeri 1 (MTsN 1) kota Bima. Permasalahan yang dihadapi  mitra adalah bagaimana upaya yang harus dilakukan untuk mendapatkan pengetahuan, dan keterampilan yang bagaimankah yang harus dimiliki oleh siswa MTsN 1 Kota Bima agar dapat mengerti tentang model akumulasi logam berat Hg dan Cd dalam jasad hidup dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Pelatihan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman tentang model akumulasi logam berat Hg dan Cd bagi siswa dan memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan tentang tentang cara untuk menghindari diri dari kontak langsung dengan logam berat dalam kehidupan sehari-hari agar siswa MTsN 1 Kota Bima terhindar dari pola model akumulasi logam berat. Manfaat dari pelatihan ini adalah adanya peningkatan pemahaman tentang model akumulasi logam berat Hg dan Cd, dan peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan tentang cara untuk menghindari diri dari kontak langsung dengan logam berat Hg dan Cd dalam kehidupan sehari-hari agar siswa peserta pelatihan terhindar dari pola model akumulasi logam berat. Pengetahuan dan keterampilan tentang penyusunan urutan akumulasi logam berat Hg dan Cd dalam rantai makanan telah mengantarkan siswa MTsN 1 Kota Bima sehingga dapat mengerti tentang model akumulasi logam berat Air Raksa (Hg) dan Kadmium (Cd) dalam jasad hidup dalam kehidupannya sehari-hari. Upaya melalui pelatihan tentang Model Akumulasi Logam Berat Hg dan Cd dalam jaringan makhluk hidup telah meningkatkan pemahaman siswa tentang model akumulasi logam berat Air Raksa (Hg) dan Kadmium (Cd) pada manusia kepada siswa MTsN 1 Kota Bima.
Needs in siblings of individuals with Down Syndrome and levels of coping Cali, Colombia
Authors: Lina Fernanda Martínez Cadavid , Diana Marcela Gutiérrez Acosta , Luis Alexander Lovera Montilla
Published: November 2021

Objective: To determine the needs and level of coping in siblings of people with Down Syndrome. Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional study, carried out in 2016. Sample consisted of 30 siblings of people with Down Syndrome between 6 and 60 years old. Using non-probability convenience sampling. Two instruments were used to collect the information: a) a validated sociodemographic and needs survey of the siblings, designed by the authors, and b). Callista Roy adaptation and coping survey validated. Results: 60% of the siblings report not having felt judged by other people when presenting their brother/sister with Down syndrome. 73.3% of the siblings did not receive information about Down Syndrome from a nursing professional, the need to strengthen the nursing care provided to the siblings of people with disabilities in this regard is evident. 53.3% of these present a medium level of coping with respect to the condition of having a brother with Down syndrome. Conclusion: Identified needs were: time needs, affective needs, family needs, social needs, economic and access to information needs. Highlighting these needs allows the nursing professional to identify and consider the siblings of people with Down Syndrome have different needs than the rest of the family nucleus. Where interventions aimed at reducing the harmful effects and enhancing those characteristics of gain related with having a brother with Down Syndrome.
The Time All San Francisco Fought Over School Fairness and Equality
Authors: Fang Teddy Yee
Published: November 2021

Asian Americans have become a major factor in the debate over affirmative action and college/school admission policies. Yet most often their role is relegated to one side or the other of the argument - either grouped with other oppressed minorities, or else grouped with privileged white students. However, Asian Americans have their own agency and self-determination that requires attention. Beginning in the 1990s, San Francisco’s Asian American community resisted mainstream hegemony and charted their own course forward.  This study uses a comparative approach towards these early Asian American activists, comparing and contrasting their motivations and actions with Black activists of the time, and also with a respected federal judge, scion of one of San Francisco’s wealthiest and traditional legal dynasties. News articles, notes and newsletters of Chinese American activist groups, internal school district reports, and 24 interviews are used to express how early generations of Asian Americans stood up to fight when they felt their version of the American dream was under attack, and how they focused on present-day tactical actions instead of future-looking strategies or past historical experiences. This study also reveals practical principles that these specifically Chinese American activists employed which may have applications for all groups resisting domination and/or assimilation. The methods and tactics employed by these second-generation Asian Americans that grew up in a community remade by the 1965 Immigration Act, helps us understand how the Asian American community has developed since then, and how it is continuing to move forward.
Analyzing Ethnocentric Immigration through the Case of Hungary – Demographic Effects of Immigration from Neighboring Countries to Hungary
Authors: Péti Márton , Szabó Laura , Obádovics Csilla , Szabó Balázs , Csécsi Dávid
Published: November 2021

Specific ethnocentric international migration processes can be observed in Hungary: a significant proportion of immigrants are of Hungarian ethnic background and come from neighboring countries. Similar processes can be observed between other kin-states and co-ethnic communities of Central and Eastern Europe, but this type of migration has not been studied intensively yet. The focus of the research is on the effects of this immigration on Hungarian society and the economy. Population projections were also carried out according to two research questions: “what would have happened if the immigrants had not arrived according to the processes that were experienced?” and “what will happen if the immigration process changes?” The research is based on the 2011 census data sets; the target group is the population born in neighboring countries that moved to Hungary after 1985. Results show that the ethnic Hungarian immigrant population has been a crucial human resource in Hungary. Without these immigrants, Hungary's demographic trends would also be less favorable. Moreover, in contrast to the situation typical of European immigrants, the socio-economic situation of the former is more favorable than of the host society. Potential decline of this immigration population could indeed be challenging.
The Exploitation of Indigenous Communities by Commercial Actors: Traditional Knowledge and Traditional Cultural Expression
Authors: Kasih Desak Putu Dewi , Dharmawan Ni Ketut Supasti , Putra Ida Bagus Wyasa , Sudiarawan Kadek Agus , Rakhima Ayu Suci
Published: November 2021

The protection of traditional knowledge (TK) and traditional cultural expression (TCE) of underprivileged indigenous communities is threatened due to frequent exploitation attempts by commercial actors for economic benefits. The literature highlighting the legal gaps and necessities to support such legal reforms to protect those communities are scarce in the literature, which has been studied in the current research. The current study aims to provide insightful recommendations for policymakers to help protect the legal rights of underprivileged communities scattered in various parts of the world. Indonesian study setting provided a perfect case to achieve the study objectives. Using a qualitative doctrinal legal research design, the secondary data were collected, and content was analyzed using phenomenological and linguistic analysis. The results revealed that the protection of TK and TCE in Indonesia and several underprivileged communities in various countries need serious legal amendments in local legislation considering international laws.  Contextually, the Indonesian Copyright Law is inadequate to accommodate the full protection for TCE. Meanwhile, Indonesian laws that regulate traditional knowledge are overlapping and immature to protect national cultural heritage comprehensively. A new regulation is recommended to ensure that all international legal instruments related to traditional knowledge should help the community of traditional knowledge copyrights in Indonesia with affirmative action towards indigenous communities. Policy recommendations and future research directions are suggested to protect Traditional Cultural Expression and Traditional Knowledge of underprivileged communities in general and Indonesia in focus.
Social Work Practices in the Multiethnic Urban Reality of Covid-19 in the Middle East: The Case of UAE
Authors: Elsayed Walaa
Published: November 2021

The study developed a set of universal challenges for social workers and investigated the impact thereof on social workers in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Based on a qualitative analysis of previous research, a set of 10 universal challenges was developed. A questionnaire was created, and a survey was conducted among 304 respondents currently employed as social workers in the UAE. The survey results showed that most survey respondents selected the risk of infection as the strongest challenge. Emotional burnout, lack of reliable information, limited resources, staff capacity, problems with social distancing, lack of instructions/protocols, remote client service, and inadequate education obtained average scores meaning that they are important but not critical. Scientists and practitioners can use this set of universal challenges to investigate pandemic-related challenges for social workers in various countries and regions.
Migrants, people in need or resources? The case of an emancipating narrative
Authors: Manfreda Ada
Published: November 2021

The narratives draw fields of possibility of social and subjective action, they support the collective imagination. This paper presents some results of an empirical research still in progress on Casa Sankara, a self-organized community of African migrants, present in the Capitanata countryside. It intends in particular to illustrate its emblematic character for integration processes, its potential for transformation and social innovation, due to its being a ‘counter-narrative’ with respect to the social imaginary around terms such as ‘migrant’, ‘help’, ‘hospitality’.
Site Fidelity and Residency of Tursiops truncatus off the Aragua Coast, Venezuela-First Records of Long Residency
Authors: Cobarrubia-Russo S. , I. Sawyer , Gómez-Alceste M. , Molero-Lizarraga A.
Published: November 2021

This study represents the first comprehensive analysis of the residency patterns of a coastal population of bottlenose dolphin off the coast of Aragua, Venezuela, over a multi-year period. Using photo-identification, the most recent study (2019-2020) identified 56 individuals with the time between encounters from one to 344 days between the first and last sighting. Site Fidelity (SF) and Residence (RES) indices were calculated and Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering (AHC) modeling was performed, with three patterns of residence obtained: resident (25%), semiresident (17.86%) and transient (57.14%). These results were contrasted with remodeled data from a previous study (2006-2007), showing similar patterns: resident (24.44%), semi-resident (28.89%) and transient (46.67%). Importantly, two individuals were found to have been resident over the extended period. A breeding female sighted for the first time in 2004 and again in 2020 (16 years) and the other from 2005 to 2020 (15 years). This region is an important area for marine mammals, known to support a resident reproductive population over many years, as well seabirds, sea turtles, whale sharks and fishermen. We recommend that consideration be given to designating the waters as a Marine Protected Area to safeguard the existing population and provide benefit to the surrounding marine environment.
Assessment of flood hazard in Owerri West, Imo State, Nigeria using Analytical Hierarchical Process and Index Based Approach
Authors: Princecharles Chukwuemeka Anyadiegwu  , Joel Izuchukwu Igbokwe  , Adeyemi James Adeboboye
Published: November 2021

This study aimed at an assessment of flood hazard areas in Owerri Imo State, Nigeria using analytical hierarchical process and index-based approach. The study objectives were to: establish the geophysical factors that contribute to flooding in the study area; classify the established geophysical factors according to the level of flood risk; calculate the reliability index of the classified geophysical factors; determine the flood vulnerable areas using analytical hierarchical process and flood hazard index; and to produce a vulnerability index map defining the extent of flooding vulnerability in the study area. The methodology incorporated in this study involved acquisition of remotely sensed imageries of the study area, pre-processing, Image classification, modelling slope, watershed, Drainage Network, flow accumulation, Soil Classification, classification and standardization, pairwise comparism matrix, normalized weighted Matrix, consistency index check and flood hazard index modelling. The study results revealed that In Owerri West, high flood vulnerability occupied 1.54% with an area coverage of 817.78 hectares, moderate flood vulnerability occupied 28.37% with an area coverage of 15031.98 hectares, low flood vulnerability occupied 24.97% with an area coverage of 13228.25 hectares and no flood vulnerability occupied 1.67% with an area coverage of 882.17 hectares. From the results achieved and the experiences gathered, analytical hierarchy process and flood hazard index-based modelling approach is recommended as it is a robust and efficient tool for mapping flood vulnerability while incorporating robust factors that contribute to flood and having a consistency judgement which judges the reliability of the weights of the factors used during modelling.
Türk Televizyon Dizilerinde Marka Yerleştirme: Sadakatsiz Dizisi Örneği
Authors: TOKSARI Murat , SUSUR Mert
Published: November 2021

Covid-19 salgın sürecinin de etkisi ile evde daha fazla vakit geçiren insanların hem televizyon hem de dijital medya üzerinden film ve dizi izlemeye daha fazla zaman harcaması işletmeleri yeni marka stratejilerine yöneltmiştir. Bu stratejilerin en başında gelen marka yerleştirme uygulaması sinema filmleri ve televizyon programlarında sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır.

Bu çalışmanın amacı, 7 Ekim 2020 ve 2 Haziran 2021 tarihleri arasında Kanal D üzerinden yayınlanan “Sadakatsiz” dizisinin 1. Sezonunda (31 bölüm) yer alan marka yerleştirmeler doğrultusunda hangi markaların yerleştirildiği, uygulanan marka yerleştirme stratejileri ve yerleştirilen markaların ürün/hizmet kategorilerinin ortaya koyulmasıdır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda “Sadakatsiz” dizisinin birinci sezonunda yer alan tüm bölümler izlenerek içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 22.0 paket programıyla analiz edilmiştir. “Sadakatsiz” dizisindeki marka yerleştirme uygulamaları analiz edildiğinde 36 markanın, dizinin içerisine entegre edildiği, bu markaların 22’sinin gerçek 14’ünün ise kurgu marka olduğu belirlenmiştir. “Sadakatsiz” dizisinde marka yerleştirme olarak uygulanan markaların %50’sinin teknoloji-bilişim sektöründe hizmet verdiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.