bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of actions taken by Pakistan, United Arab Emirates and Vietnam for COVID-19 prevention and control
Authors: Jabeen Aliya , Ansari Jamil A , Ikram Aamer , Abbasi Sana Habib , Khan Mumtaz Ali , Rathore Tayyab Razzi , Safdar Muhammad
Published: September 2024

Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the newly discovered zoonotic virus SARS-CoV-2. This disease presents the worst public health crisis the world has faced since the Spanish flu pandemic in 1918. It is the biggest global public health challenge of our lifetimes. COVID-19 situation in each country and sometimes even within countries is different and evolving. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of actions taken by the governments and individual behaviour on the coronavirus epidemic in a country. Methods: Three countries were selected. COVID-19 daily news reported cases and deaths in Pakistan, Vietnam and UAE data between 21 January to 30 April 2020, was extracted from COVID-19 dashboard. Articles, TV channels and newspapers were searched. These three countries were visited during 12 to 21 March 2020 and public’s behaviour was observed. Results: In Vietnam, during the first stage of outbreak, the main strategy was to impose international travel restrictions to prevent imported cases from COVID-19 highly effected countries, and to delay the spread and reduce the magnitude of prevailing epidemic. Furthermore, combination of preventive measures and national level readiness to respond to coronavirus disease aided to contain the further spread of virus. Government of Vietnam took swift preventive measures as compared to Pakistan and UAE, to limit imported COVID-19 cases and to contain the local transmission of the coronavirus. Delayed in decision making regarding travel restrictions and imposing lockdown by Pakistan and UAE may have resulted in rapid spread of the disease. Conclusion: In developing countries, the decision regarding travel and complete lockdown is challenging due to prevalent socio-economic circumstances and maintenance of supply of food and essential goods. The response of an individual to advice issued by the government on preventive measures and Government communication strategies to inform the public to respond positively against this disease are important factors.
Effectiveness of the mineral fertilizer system with different saturation in the link of the flax crop rotation
Authors: Kuzmenko N. N.
Published: September 2024

In the link of flax crop rotation (fallow land–winter rye–perennial grasses of the 1st year of use (y. u.)–perennial grasses of the 2nd y. u.–fiber flax) on sod-podzolic light loamy soil in the conditions of the Non-Chernozem zone of the Russian Federation in 2019–2023 the effectiveness of a mineral fertilizer system with different saturation of 1 ha of crop rotation was studied squares. It is shown that the highest yield of winter rye of 26.9 c/ha was obtained when applying fertilizers at a dose of N80P60K90, which corresponded to the option of applying 140 kg of active substance (a. s.) NPK/ha of crop rotation area. The optimal dose of fertilizers for perennial grasses of the 1st and 2nd y. u. was the use of N10P40K60, which provided hay yields of 38.6 and 52.0 c/ha, respectively. For fiber flax, the optimal dose was the introduction of N20P50K90, which made it possible to obtain the highest yield of flax straw 43.5 and flax seeds 5.3 c/ha. An increase in the dose of fertilizers for perennial grasses did not provide a reliable increase in yield, for fiber flax – led to a decrease in seed productivity. For perennial grasses and flax, it was sufficient to add 120 kg of a. s. NPK/ha of crop rotation area. The optimal saturation for the crop rotation link was characterized by a dose of 120 kg a. s. NPK/ha of crop rotation area. The productivity of the crop rotation link was 25.8 grain unit (g. u.)/ha, the payback of 1 kg of NPK was 10.7 kg g. u. On soil with a high content of mobile phosphorus, elevated and high potassium, an increase in the saturation of the crop rotation link with fertilizers up to 140 kg a. s. NPK/ha of the crop area did not provide a significant increase in productivity and led to a decrease in the payback of fertilizers with crop additions.
Nitrates and heavy metals in agrocenoses with prolonged use of organic fertilizers
Authors: Merzlaya G. E.
Published: September 2024

In field experiments on sod-podzolic soils, the agroecological effectiveness of long-term action of cattle manure of various humidity was studied. It is shown that the use of semi-liquid bedless and litter manure, when optimizing doses and combinations with mineral fertilizers, improved soil fertility, increased the productivity of crops and crop rotations, ensured the environmental safety of agrocenoses, reduced the risks of accumulation of nitrates and heavy metals in soil and plants. The annual application of semi-liquid manure for 15 years to sod-podzolic heavy loamy soil in the forage crop rotation in the variant of the organo-mineral fertilizer system with a content of 240 kg N/ha ensured their high efficiency – 9.8 t c. u./ ha, which was 96% more than the control. The resulting feed was characterized by high protein nutrition, and the nitrate content corresponded to the norms of feeding farm animals. The use of increasing doses of semi-liquid manure increased the productivity of forage crop rotation from 7.28 to 10.3 tons of grain/ha in variants using a single (N120) to a fourfold dose (N580). Increasing the dose of manure to N600 proved ineffective. Depending on the dose of manure, the nitrate content in the layers of the soil profile changed. Nitrates accumulated most intensively (3.7 times more than in the control) in a layer of 0–100 cm of soil in the variant with the maximum dose of manure (N600). At the same time, there was no excess of nitrate content in the soil above the MPC (130 mg NO3–/kg). A correlation has been established between the accumulation of nitrates and the increase in nitrogen doses introduced with manure in soil layers, especially in the upper 0–100 and 100–200 cm, with correlation coefficients r = 0.73 and 0.60. With prolonged use of litter manure on sod-podzolic light loamy soil, its combination with mineral fertilizers at a dose of N180 was effective, where the annual harvest of grain units averaged 3.1 tons per hectare over 37 years, or exceeded the control by 38.5%. At the same time, vegetable products were of high quality – the grain contained up to 14.2% protein, potato tubers – up to 13% starch at an acceptable level of nitrate content. The content of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni, Hg) and arsenic, as well as nitrates in the soil, depended on the intensity of fertilization with litter manure, but generally corresponded to acceptable standards.
The geological structure of the Gakkel Ridge: in the light of new geological and geophysical data
Authors: Piskarev A. L. , Kaminsky V. D. , Kireev A. A. , Poselov V. A. , Savin V. A. , Smirnov O. E. , Bezumov D. V. , Dergileva E. A. , Ovanesian G. I. , Ovsiannikova E. S. , Elkina D. V.
Published: September 2024

In 2011‒2020 the significant amount of seismic lines was carried out in the Eurasian Basin of the Arctic Ocean, which made it possible to study the structure of the junction zones of the Gakkel Ridge with the Nansen and Amundsen basins on a number of profiles. During 2019‒2020 15 sections of the Gakkel Ridge and its rift valley were studied using a sub-bottom profiler and seismo-acoustic profiling. New data on the relief of the basement, as well as the use of databases of bathymetry, gravity and magnetic anomalies updated at VNIIOkeangeologia, made it possible to calculate the magnetization of the rocks of the Gakkel Ridge along a number of profiles crossing the ridge, and to perform the model calculations of the Earth’s crust structure using a complex of geological and geophysical data in the area of the southeastern termination of the ridge. The Gakkel Ridge is a structure, the isolation of which refers to the time interval of Early Oligocene (34 Ma)–Early Miocene (23 Ma), in the process of radical restructuring of the spreading kinematics in the already existing ocean basins in the regions of the North Atlantic and the Arctic. The values of the calculated magnetization of the magnetic layer of the Earth’s crust show that this layer is partly composed of oceanic basalts, but mainly of deep-originated rocks, gabbro and peridotites, brought to the surface during detachment accompanying spreading. The Laptev Sea continuation of the rift valley of the Gakkel Ridge, to the south of the caldera, passes above many kilometers of sediments, at the base of which sedimentary rocks of Cretaceous and Late Jurassic age occur.
Geological characteristics оf subpermafrost gas hydrate reservoir оn the Taimyr shelf of the Kara Sea (Eastern Arctic, Russia)
Authors: Matveeva T. V. , Chazov A. O. , Smirnov Yu. Yu.
Published: September 2024

The conditions for the formation of gas hydrates associated to subsea permafrost in the Kara Sea are predicted based on numerical modeling. The forecast of the distribution of the relic submarine permafrost and related methane hydrate stability zone is given on the basis of solving the equation of thermal conductivity. According to modeling data, an extensive thermobaric relict submarine permafrost zone is predicted within the Kara Sea shelf. The greatest thickness (up to 600 m) of the permafrost is confined to the Taimyr shelf. Based on the results of the analysis of our model, drilling seismic data, the southwestern shelf of the Kara Sea is characterized by insular or sporadic permafrost. In the northeastern part, the nature of permafrost is also discontinuous, despite the greater thickness of the frozen strata. For the first time, accumulations of cryogenic gas hydrates on the Taimyr shelf have been characterized. The new drilling data obtained, seismic data reinterpretaion and numerical modeling have shown that the gas hydrate reservoir is confined to unconformably occurring Silurian‒Devonian and underlying Triassic-Jurassic strata. The thickness of the gas hydrate reservoir varies from 800 to 1100 m. Based on the interpretation of CDP data and their comparison with model calculations, frozen deposits and sub-permafrost traps of stratigraphic, anticline and anticline-stratigraphic types were identified for the first time. These pioneering studies allowed to characterize the thickness and morphology of the gas hydrate reservoir, giving a preliminary seismostratigraphic reference, and to identify the potentially gas-hydrate bearing structures. Due to favorable thermobaric and permafrost-geothermal conditions, most of the identified traps may turn out to be sub-permafrost accumulations of gas hydrates. In total, at least five potential accumulations of gas hydrates were discovered, confined to structural depressions ‒ Uedineniya Trough and its side included Egiazarov Step and North Mikhailovskaya Depression.
Dynamic tests of cesium-137 recovery from the Mayak model alkaline HLW using p-isononylcalix[6]arene based extractant
Authors: Yumaguen A. Z. , Babitova E. S. , Logunov M. V. , Karavan M. D. , Kozlov P. V. , Konnikov A. V. , Smirnov I. V.
Published: September 2024

The article presents the results of studies on composition optimization, properties, and laboratory dynamic tests of extraction mixtures based on p-isononylcalix[6]arene for the alkaline HLW purification to remove 137Cs. The distribution of 137Cs among the products of the technological scheme is presented and the coefficients of raffinate purification to remove 137Cs are determined. It was revealed that, in the case of using nitric acid as a stripping solution, nitrosation of p-isononylcalix[6]arene is possible in the technological process. The composition of the resulting product was determined. To prevent nitrosation of p-isononylcalix[6]arene, formic acid was used in the stripping stage, which ensured stable operation of the extraction stand for 48 h with 137Cs extraction from model alkaline HLW at a level of 99.7%.
Labor relations differentiation in a modern high-tech enterprise (а case study)
Authors: Bocharov Vladislav Yu.
Published: September 2024

A conceptual model for the analysis of labor relations based on the methodology of the sociology of life is presented. Labor relations are considered as a synthesizing concept of the life world of an employee of a modern high-tech industrial enterprise. Empirical research data indicate differences in the state of key characteristics of labor relations (labor consciousness, labor behavior and the production environment) between employees of automated («A») and non-automated («NА») production sites. Among the employees of the «A» sites, the proportion of «conformists» is noticeably higher, there is a lower level of social well-being, job satisfaction and its components, involvement in the digital environment, vocational training and a more pronounced willingness to conflict in the enterprise. Among the employees of the «NА» sites, there is a higher proportion of «pragmatists» who are guided by material motives, well adapted to the production environment, satisfied with their current profession, career prospects and demonstrating a high level of social well-being. The conclusion is made about the reasons for this differencing and measures are proposed to accelerate the adaptation of workers to the new content of work in the conditions of the fourth industrial revolution and the formation of their involvement levels in the affairs of the enterprise, the manifestation of initiative and creative attitude to work.
Subjective well-being: the problem of analyzing population qualitative heterogeneity (part 2)
Authors: Kuchenkova Anna V. , Tatarova Galina G.
Published: September 2024

The article substantiates the importance of the methodological problem of analyzing qualitative heterogeneity of an objects’ set in the process of sociological measurement of subjective well-being. It presents the results of an exploratory study aimed at testing a number of tools in reconstruction procedures of social types among the population as qualitatively homogeneous latent formations (according to the nature of subjective well-being). In the first part of the article, an analysis was carried out of the “researchers’ request” for methodological reflection on the use in mass surveys of such subjective well-being generalized indicators as life satisfaction, personal happiness; the problem of the complete set of particular indicators was considered; the expediency of using relationships between the generalized indicator and the particular indicators as a basis for the typology was substantiated.
This part of the article provides a brief description of the fuzzy classification algorithm from the class of logical-combinatorial methods used to search for typological syndromes, that are the basis for identifying typological groups. The results of a typological analysis, based on the RLMS HSE, wave 26, 2017 data are presented. Identification of the qualitative heterogeneity specifics in subjective well-being was carried out for all workers and for groups among them, representing three stages of the life cycle.
Structure and dynamics of plankton communities in the coastal zone of the Curonian Lagoon of the Baltic Sea in 2017–2021 in the period of Cyanobacterial bloom
Authors: Dmitrieva O. A. , Semenova A. S. , Kazakova E. Y.
Published: September 2024

The structure and dynamics of plankton communities in the coastal zone of the Curonian Lagoon of the Baltic Sea in January-December 2017–2021 was studied. It was found that at the coastal shallow littoral station surrounded by macrophytes the species diversity was higher, and the quantitative characteristics of phytoplankton and zooplankton were lower in all seasons and years of the study than at the deeper coastal station located behind the macrophyte belt. The exception was the period when, as a result of surge events, the phytoplankton biomass in the coastal littoral in October–November 2018 increased to 326–627 g/m3. Every year, “blooms” of water by Cyanobacteria with different intensity and duration were observed at the Lagoon. The abundant of cells of potentially toxic Сyanobacteria exceeded the World Health Organization standard, as a rule, in the summer months at a deep-water coastal station, especially in 2017–2018. This had a negative impact on the state of the entire ecosystem, primarily on zooplankton organisms, in which communities the proportion of dead individuals increased. Water during the period of Cyanobacterial “blooms” in summer and autumn 2017–2018 also had an acute toxic effect on planktonic test organisms.
Long-term changes of the primary production of phytoplankton in the ecosystem of the Vistula Lagoon of the Baltic Sea
Authors: Aleksandrov S. V.
Published: September 2024

The long-term (2001–2020) data of the primary production and abundance of phytoplankton (according to the concentration of chlorophyll a) in the Vistula Lagoon under significant ecosystem changes were analyzed. The long-term dynamics was characterized by an increase in primary production to a hypertrophic level (450 g C/(m2 · year) in 2006–2010. After the intensive development of the bivalve filter-feeding mollusk Rangia cuneata, primary production in 2011–2020 remained at the hypertrophic level, despite significant changes in the structure and abundance of phytoplankton. Average annual primary production in 2001–2020 was 60% higher than in 1974–1976. Primary production exceeds the mineralization of organic matter in water by 60%, which leads to secondary eutrophication of the Vistula Lagoon and pollution of the Baltic Sea.
Planktonic communities in reservoirs of the ore deposits along the pH gradient (Zabaykalsky Krai)
Authors: Afonina E. Yu. , Tashlykova N. A.
Published: September 2024

The results of summer studies of phyto- and zooplankton in aquatic systems of the technogenic origin are presented. There are low species richness and a significant range of the quantitative indicators of aquatic organisms. The change of the main structure-forming taxa in the pH gradient is shown. Environmental factors that determine the composition and structure of plankton communities have been identified.
Spatio-temporal changes in the phytoplankton in Lake Baikal during late Summer. II. Biomass
Authors: Krashchuk L. S. , Silow E. A. , Rusanovskaya O. O. , Shimaraeva S. V.
Published: September 2024

The results of phytoplankton biomass study in different regions of the Lake Baikal according to data of 15 expeditions from 1994 to 2013 are presented in the paper. Spatial distribution and interannual dynamics of biomass of phytoplankton in all three throughs of the lake are analyzed. The general biomass of phytoplankton during late Summer is not high. The multiyear average phytoplankton biomass equals 169 ± 5 mg/m3 for open waters of the lake. It is distributed relatively uniformly around the Southern Baikal. Higher multiyear average values are along Eastern shore in the Middle and Northern Baikal. The late summer phytoplankton biomass in Southern and Middle throughs does not differ. Average multiyear biomass of phytoplankton of Northern through is accurately lower than one for two other throws. There is no increase of biomass for any region of the lake demonstrated. The relations of general biomass of phytoplankton with water temperatures are very slight.
Features of the under ice development of phytoplankton in northern lakes
Authors: Sharov A. N. , Berezina N. A. , Maximov A. A. , Maximova O. B.
Published: September 2024

The structure of phytoplankton during the under ice period in northern oligotrophic lakes (Lake Krivoe and Lake Krugloe) is considered and its level of development during ice melt is assessed. In winter (2019–2021), cyanobacteria, diatoms and cryptophyte algae were noted in phytoplankton. The phytoplankton spring increase in Lake Krivoe was due to the development of the dinophyte Peridinium aciculiferum, and in Lake Krugloe - the diatom Aulacoseira subarctica. Biomass varied from 0.003 to 0.083 mg/L in winter and up to 0.65 mg/L in spring. The spring peak (April–May) of phytoplankton is associated with the development of dinophyte algae and exceeds summer values. The average Chl a concentration in plankton reached 0.3–0.4 µg/L. The cryoflora contained algae frozen into the ice in an inactive state (0.003–0.04 mg/l). The development of phytoplankton under the ice makes an important contribution to the productivity of northern lakes.
Spatial distribution of the diatoms Dactyliosolen fragilissimus and Cerataulina pelagica in the autumn phytoplankton of the South-Eastern Baltic in 2020–2021
Authors: Melnik А. S. , Dmitrieva О. А. , Eshova Е. Е. , Sharton А. Y. , Kondrashov А. А.
Published: September 2024

The mass development of diatom Dactyliosolen fragilissimus and Cerataulina pelagica, which are atypical of the South-East Baltic Sea water area, were registered along the Sambia peninsula coastline in the mid of October 2020. Both species were found in the coastal zone of the western and northern coast of the Sambia peninsula to a depth of 32 m, from the Baltic Strait to port Pionerskiy. In early November 2021 a mass vegetation of C. pelagica was recorded –both in the shallow coastal zone of the northern coast of the Sambia peninsula and in the deep water zone of the South-Eastern Baltic Sea. The biomass of this species reached 2.8 g/m3. Both diatom species were abundant within the entire Russian Exclusive Economic Zone. The prevailing hydrological situation during the study period probably facilitated penetration of the species into the study area by surface transport from the Arkona Basin.
Pulse feeding and pulse growth: a highly adaptive strategy of heterotrophic dinoflagellates Oxyrrhis marina
Authors: Khanaychenko A. N. , Aganesova L. O. , Mukhanov V. S.
Published: September 2024

Pulse feeding and growth of the Black Sea strain of dinof lagellates Oxyrrhis marina (Dujardin, 1841) (OXY–IBSS), equivalent spherical diameter (ESD) (23.5 ± 3.1 mm) have been studied under experimental conditions simulating phytoplankton blooms. Microalgae Phaeodactylum tricornutum (P, ESD 3.4 ±0.3 mm), Isochrysis galbana (I, ESD 3.7 ± 0.4 mm), Tetraselmis suecica (T, ESD 6.1 ± 0.9 mm), and Rhodomonas salina (R, 7.4 ± 0.7 µm) were used as food objects in a one-component and three-component suspensions. Microalgae concentrations (~106 cells/mL for T and R; up to ~4 × 106 cells/mL for P and I) were chosen to ensure their equal total carbon biomass ~0.02 mg C/mL in the food mixtures at the beginning of the experiment. Under ad libitum conditions, the maximum clearance rates of the OXY–IBSS reached 0.1–0.5 mL ind./day, and the grazing rate of microalgae was 34–44 cells/(ind h) for P and I, and 2–11 cells/(ind. h) for R and T, respectively. The grazing rate of microalgae in carbon units was significantly higher when feeding on I (3.9 ng C/(ind. day)) and significantly less when fed with a mixture of microalgae TRP (1.5 ng C/(ind. day)). Maximum abundance of OXY–IBSS, achieved within 3 or 4 days (by the time the microalgae concentration decreased below threshold), varied from 19 × 103 ind./mL (P) to 43 × 103 ind./mL (I). In the absence of food, dinof lagellates O. marina turned to cannibalism, and within 4 days the oscillating f luctuations (within 50%) in their number took place. Although the specific population growth rate (m, day-1) of OXY–IBSS was higher when feeding on small cells (~2 days–1 on I), the gross growth efficiency (GGE) of OXY–IBSS was significantly higher when fed on large (T and R) microalgae (26–29% vs. 14–15%). At lower daily rations (DRs) when fed with the mixture TRP, the GGE of OXY–IBSS was significantly higher (41%) when compared to other nutritional conditions. The feeding strategy of opportunistic predator O. marina on diverse (in terms of size and chemotaxonomic characteristics) mixtures of prey lay in a f lexible choice between high specific population growth rate, or high gross growth efficiency, that obviously gives the populations of this species the advantages over other protists under conditions of the pulsed phytoplankton blooms.
Ichthyoplankton in the northern part of the Black Sea under prolongation of summer hydrological season in 2020
Authors: Klimova T. N. , Subbotin A. A. , Vdodovich I. V. , Zagorodnyaya Yu. A. , Zabrodin D. A.
Published: September 2024

The species diversity and spatial distribution of ichthyoplankton in the shelf and deep-sea waters of the northern half of the Black Sea near the Crimean Peninsula and the shores of the Caucasus under the conditions of prolongation of the summer hydrological season 2020 for September–October are presented. The high temperatures of the upper layer of the sea, peculiar of the summer spawning season, caused a continuation of productive spawning of warm-water fish. Eggs and larvae of 19 species from 12 families were identified in the ichthyoplankton. The maximum number of eggs was 302 ind./m2, and larvae — 58 ind./m2. Eggs and larvae of the mass commercial species Engraulis encrasicolus (L., 1758) dominated, whose share in the total population was 92.9 and 84.2% respectively. The highest abundance of ichthyoplankton corresponded to areas with minimal dynamic activity and maximum warming within the limits of coastal-shelf quasi-stationary anticyclonic vortices characteristic of the summer hydrological season.
Negative socio-geographical consequences of distributed artificial intelligence deployment: research directions
Authors: Blanutsa Viktor I.
Published: September 2024

The purpose of the research is to identify promising directions for studying the negative socio-geographical consequences of using spatially distributed artificial intelligence. To do this, it was necessary to solve the following tasks: understand the features of deploying distributed artificial intelligence; generalize the experience of assessing the social consequences of introducing artificial intelligence; analyze studies of artificial intelligence from the point of view of geography; identify promising areas of scientific research in the area under consideration. The deployment of distributed artificial intelligence is projected to rely on the 6G wireless infrastructure that will be available in the next decade. Before this, it is necessary to develop a methodology for studying the socio-geographical consequences of the spread of artificial intelligence. In relation to its deployment, the concept of “geocontext” has been introduced. The outlines of five future directions are outlined – intellectual geo-urbanistic, spatial-stratified, territorial-occupational substitution, cascade-geocritical and algorithmic-geocontextual.
Machine learning identifies a 5-serum cytokine panel for the early detection of chronic atrophy gastritis patients
Authors: An Fangmei , Ge Yan , Ye Wei , Ji Lin , Chen Ke , Wang Yunfei , Zhang Xiaoxue , Dong Shengrong , Shen Yao , Zhao Jiamin , Gao Xiaojuan , Junankar Simon , Chan Robin Barry , Christodoulou Dimitris , Wen Wen , Lu Peihua , Zhan Qiang
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:

Chronic atrophy gastritis (CAG) is a high-risk pre-cancerous lesion for gastric cancer (GC). The early and accurate detection and discrimination of CAG from benign forms of gastritis (e.g. chronic superficial gastritis, CSG) is critical for optimal management of GC. However, accurate non-invasive methods for the diagnosis of CAG are currently lacking. Cytokines cause inflammation and drive cancer transformation in GC, but their utility as a diagnostic for CAG is poorly characterized.

METHODS:

Blood samples were collected, and 40 cytokines were quantified using a multiplexed immunoassay from 247 patients undergoing screening via endoscopy. Patients were divided into discovery and validation sets. Each cytokine importance was ranked using the feature selection algorithm Boruta. The cytokines with the highest feature importance were selected for machine learning (ML), using the LightGBM algorithm.

RESULTS:

Five serum cytokines (IL-10, TNF-[Formula: see text], Eotaxin, IP-10 and SDF-1a) that could discriminate between CAG and CSG patients were identified and used for predictive model construction. This model was robust and could identify CAG patients with high performance (AUC [Formula: see text] 0.88, Accuracy [Formula: see text] 0.78). This compared favorably to the conventional approach using the PGI/PGII ratio (AUC [Formula: see text] 0.59).

CONCLUSION:

Using state-of-the-art ML and a blood-based immunoassay, we developed an improved non-invasive screening method for the detection of precancerous GC lesions.

FUNDING:

Supported in part by grants from: Jiangsu Science and Technology Project (no. BK20211039); Top Talent Support Program for young and middle-aged people of Wuxi Health Committee (BJ2023008); Medical Key Discipline Program of Wuxi Health Commission (ZDXK2021010), Wuxi Science and Technology Bureau Project (no. N20201004); Scientific Research Program of Wuxi Health Commission (Z202208, J202104).
Empowering Peer reviewers: How reviewer insights drive innovation at IOP Publishing
Authors: Feetham-Walker Laura , Holst Faye , Chapman Hannah , Dixon Miriam
Published: September 2024

Laura Feetham-Walker, Reviewer Engagement Manager at IOP Publishing, recently won the Academic Publishing in Europe (APE) Innovation award for invigorating the peer review process with the launch of the Peer Review Excellence programme , a comprehensive training and recognition programme, and introducing co-review and reviewer feedback. In this paper, we discuss how IOP Publishing has implemented these innovations and how they can future-proof a process that has served the academic community for centuries. We also discuss how some of these innovations have already proven effective in counteracting the peer review crisis.
Small Vessel Disease Burden Predicts Incident Dementia and Poor Functional Outcome in Independent Outpatients
Authors: Kitagawa Kazuo , Toi Sono , Hosoya Megumi , Seki Misa , Yamagishi Sae , Hoshino Takao , Yoshizawa Hiroshi
Published: September 2024

Background: Total small vessel disease (SVD) score is used to measure the burden of SVD. Objective: This study aimed to clarify the predictive value of total SVD score for incident dementia and functional outcomes in independent outpatients with vascular risk factors. Methods: We derived data from a Japanese cohort in which patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging and cognitive examinations. They were followed up until March 2023. The primary outcomes was dementia. Secondary outcome was functional outcomes. We measured a modified Rankin scale (mRS) score at the last visit and defined poor functional outcomes as mRS score ≥3. Results: After excluding those with a mRS score ≥2, Mini-Mental State Examination score in Japanese version < 24, and missing T2* images, 692 patients were included. During a median follow-up period of 4.6 years, dementia occurred in 31 patients. In multivariate analysis, the score 4 group showed a significantly higher risk of incident dementia than the score 0–3 groups (adjusted hazard ratio, 6.25; 95% CI, 1.83–21.40, p = 0.003). The total SVD score was also independently related to poor functional outcome. Conclusions: The total SVD score of 4, and ≥1 could predict dementia and poor functional outcomes, respectively. Our results suggest intensive management of patients with SVD to prevent dementia and to maintain independent activities of daily living.
Using nitrogen-containing organosilicon compounds in the creation of heat- and fire-resistant filling compositions to seal high-voltage and high-frequency equipment
Authors: Kirilin A. D. , Belova L. O. , Golub N. A. , Pletneva M. V. , Kirilina N. I. , Mironov D. E.
Published: September 2024

Objectives. To study the possibility of using nitrogen-containing organosilicon compounds in the creation of heat-resistant and fireresistant casting compositions to seal high-voltage high-frequency equipment.

Methods. Nitrogen-containing organosilicon compounds were obtained using the N-siloxycarbonylation, formylation, and silylation methods. The methods used in the work were infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, viscometry, and differential scanning calorimetry. The mechanical and dielectric properties of the samples were determined.

Results. Previously unknown substances and compounds containing nitrogen-containing organosilicon products as components of the curing composition were obtained. Their physicomechanical and operational properties were examined, including the possibility of using them as filling heat-resistant and fire-resistant compositions for sealing high-voltage and high-frequency equipment.

Conclusions. It was shown that nitrogen-containing organosilicon compounds — 3-(diethylamino)-2-[(triethoxysilyl)oxy]propyl-2-methacrylate and triethoxysilyl ester of γ-triethoxysilylpropyl-carbamic acid — can be used as part of a curing system together with bromine-containing fillers, in order to obtain compounds used for filling high-voltage high-frequency transformers, throttle valves, and other electronic equipment elements with non-combustible properties and increased heat resistance.
Application of interlayer perforation and installation of transparent elements in the technology of duplicated decorative polymer films
Authors: Nikolaev A. A. , Kondratov A. P.
Published: September 2024

Objectives. To develop technologies for producing multilayer films of transparent thermoplastic polymers; to study methods of modifying their supramolecular structure; and to determine their optical properties by means of optical-polarization methods for the use of modified films as decorative and design materials in modern architecture.

Methods. Industrial samples of polystyrene, low-density polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyvinyl chloride films from various manufacturers (Don Polimer, Vektor, and Sibur) were the objects of the study. The optical properties of the films were studied by means polarized-light spectrophotometry. In order to modify the supramolecular structure of the polymers, the surfaces of the films were treated under isometric conditions with volatile solvents or their aqueous solutions. Parts of the layers of multilayer films were removed by cutting with a punching knife using a press or with a manual device for perforating printing materials.

Results. The spectral characteristics of multilayer films of several transparent thermoplastic polymers in polarized light were determined. The study showed that a wide palette of colors and contrasting images can be obtained by mechanically removing part of the layers of multilayer films. The phenomenon of pseudo-disappearance of the outermost layer was discovered after treatment of a stack of films under isometric conditions with volatile solvents or their aqueous solutions.

Conclusions. Based on the example of large-scale production thermoplastics, it was shown that a combination of technological methods of stacking, perforation, and local plasticization of films of transparent thermoplastic polymers can produce pleochroic multicolor materials for a range of human activities. The possibility of hidden coding of information on multilayer packaging materials, and its visualization and instrumental reading in polarized light was confirmed by color differential and contrast of 150 and 60 units, respectively. It was also shown that several monochrome tones of different lightness and brightness can be obtained by varying the number of layers or perforating the films in multilayer materials.
Erratum to the article “Development of technology for culturing a cell line producing a single-domain antibody fused with the Fc fragment of human IgG1”
Authors: Polyansky D. S. , Ryabova E. I. , Derkaev A. A. , Starkov N. S. , Kashapova I. S. , Shcheblyakov D. V. , Karpov A. P. , Esmagambetov I. B.
Published: September 2024

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Fatty acid composition and antioxidant capacity of defatted, non-defatted and oils extracts of Quercus ilex fruit from Algeria
Authors: Guenane Hadjira , Bakchiche Boulanouar , Erenler Ramazan , Yildiz Ilyas , Khalaf Omar M. , Saad Amal M. , Ghareeb Mosad A.
Published: September 2024

Background

The nutritional value and health-promoting properties cause the fruits (acorns) of Quercus ilex to have great potential for use in the food industry as functional ingredients and antioxidants source.

Objective

In this study, the amount of total phenolic compounds, flavonoids in different extracts (defatted, non-defatted) and composition of fatty acids in the fruits oils of Quercus ilex were investigated. Besides, antioxidant activity was determined.

Material and Methods

Fatty acids were extracted with n-hexane and determined by gas chromatography with
mass spectrometry detection (GC-MS). Total phenolic and flavonoids contents in the extracts were measured spectrophotometrically and the antioxidant activities were tested by the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), free radical scavenging assay, free radical-scavenging ABTS and total antioxidant capacity.

Results

The amount of total phenolic and flavonoid compounds in the defatted Q. ilex were 634.36±27.41 mg GAE/g DW and 96.85±2.13 mg RE/g DW, respectively. Unsaturated fatty acids were detected in higher amounts than saturated fatty acids. The primary unsaturated fatty acids of the Quercus ilex oil were oleic acid (65.38%), 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (16.64%) and palmitic acid (12.81%). Besides, defatted Q. ilex extract showed remarkable DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity with IC50 values of 0.008±0.0008, 0.005±0.001 mg/ml respectively, while high total antioxidant capacity of the non-defatted extract with VCEAC value 0.13±0.006.

Conclusions

Q. ilex oil contained high amounts of polyphenols, high essential fatty acids and antioxidant potential for producing specific health promoting antioxidants in food and pharmaceutical industry.
Public Creativity as an Indicator of the Competitiveness of Tourist Destinations
Authors: Kopiievska Olha
Published: September 2024

The purpose of the article is to analyze theoretical approaches and concepts to the concept of "public creativity", to determine its multifaceted resource in the processes of effective functioning of tourist destinations. The research methodology includes general scientific principles of systematization and generalization of the investigated problem, which allowed to define and scientifically substantiate existing theories, conceptual approaches to understanding such concepts as: "public creativity", "indicators of creative influences", "tourist destination". The purpose and tasks of the article determined the application of an axiological approach, which allowed to reveal the interdisciplinary nature of the considered theories, to reveal personalized scientific positions. The use of the analytical method made it possible to reveal the conceptual foundations for further scientific perspectives of understanding the applied cultural effects of public creativity in the light of strategic planning, transformation and restoration of tourist destinations in Ukraine. The scientific novelty consists in carrying out a cultural understanding of the concept of "public creativity" as an important indicator in building the cultural attractiveness of tourist destinations. For the first time, the concept of "public creativity of tourist destinations" was thematized in the scientific discourse of applied cultural studies. Conclusions. Public creativity consists of individual creative qualities of a person, developed intuition, professional knowledge, personalized ambitions, courage to take risks and faith in success. Public creativity becomes a multifaceted resource of quality life, unique image, professional prospects and partnership interaction. The development of public creativity requires the development of a clear system and model. Promising scientific approaches to modeling social creativity include: acquiring knowledge about the theory and practice of creativity development; theoretical understanding and applied skills in identifying, forming and analyzing indicators of creative influences; motivational tools for public creativity; personality development in the conditions of building a creative society, conceptual priorities of forming a creative citizen; public creativity as a derivative factor of economic development; innovative technologies for stimulating creativity in various professional spheres and public events. Creativity should become a key component in the acquisition of civic (social) competences and should occupy a key position in the system of continuous education, because the formation of a creative thinking mass of Ukrainians will allow to invent rational solutions for the perspective reconstruction and further development of Ukraine, to establish a partnership dialogue with creative business. The phenomenon of public creativity is a promising area of applied cultural studies.
Symbiotic Forms of Socio-Cultural Communication and Commemoration in the XXI Century: Influence of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Okhrymovych Viktoriia
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this article is to conduct cultural research of the specifics of the processes of virtual communication and commemoration that arise from the interaction between individual and artificial intelligence in the digital space of culture in the XXI century. The research methodology is based on the principles of interdisciplinarity, combining cultural, historical, and psychological methods of analysis, which allows to deeply understand the various aspects of influence of artificial intelligence on the transformation of communicative models of culture in era of Internet technologies. The scientific novelty. Taking into consideration the emergence of numerous cultural, creative, and leisure practices related to the use of digital tools of artificial intelligence, in the article, the article analyses for the first time the ways and specifics of commemoration using the creation of digital copies of deceased persons based on the tools of artificial intelligence, which are considered in the context of the new communicative paradigm of the digital culture of the XXI century. Conclusions state that from a cultural point of view, the circulation of digital copies of deceased persons in the digital space of culture, which have emerged on the basis of technological progress, aesthetic and socio-cultural demands of society, refers to the category of simulacra and forms precedents of socio-cultural impact on the environment and the person themselves.
Development of art and Industrial Arts of Ukraine in the First Third of the 20th Century
Authors: Diachenko Alla
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this article is to study the development of artistic and industrial art of Ukraine in the first third of the 20th century, focusing on the main achievements, styles, outstanding representatives and their contribution, as well as on the influence of this period on the further development of Ukrainian art. Research methods. the study is based on the use of the historical-genetic method, the comparative research method, and the art analysis method. Together, these methods provided a comprehensive approach to the study of artistic and industrial art of Ukraine, provided research on its features and significance in the context of national and world cultural heritage. Scientific novelty. The synthesis of traditional folk crafts with modernist and constructivist currents is studied in detail, revealing new forms and stylistic solutions that arose as a result of this interaction. Special attention is paid to the adaptation of Western European artistic trends to Ukrainian cultural conditions. The article presents new facts and interpretations regarding the work of such prominent artists as Kazimir Malevich, Oleksandr Bogomazov, Vasyl Yermylov, Hanna Sobachko-Shostak, and Oleksandra Ekster. Their individual contribution to the development of artistic and industrial art and their influence on future generations of Ukrainian and world artists has been revealed. Conclusions. The artistic and industrial arts of the first third of the 20th century not only enriched the country's cultural life, but also contributed to economic development, raising the standard of living of the population and strengthening Ukraine's economic ties with other countries. A new perspective on the development of artistic and industrial art of Ukraine in the first third of the 20th century is proposed, which includes a comprehensive analysis of socio-political, cultural and economic factors that influenced this process. Discovered new data and interpretations expand the understanding of the role and significance of this art in Ukrainian and world cultural heritage.
Contemporary art and Contemporary Dance: an Interdisciplinary Aspect
Authors: Lukyanenko Katerina
Published: September 2024

Purpose of Research is to clarify the meaning of the concept of "contemporary dance" in optics of art history approaches to the interpretation of the term "contemporary art". Methodology. The terminological method made it possible to correlate the terms and the concepts denoted by them; methods of analysis, comparison, and theoretical generalization are also applied. Scientific novelty. The term "contemporary dance" is analyzed through the prism of the term "contemporary art", the unique dualistic nature of contemporary dance (an integrative system of technical-technological and ideological-philosophical components) is proven. Conclusions. The term "contemporary dance" is consonant with the term "contemporary art" in the aspect of modernity, relevance, but acquires specific features in the choreographic and choreographic discourse. The terms "modern dance" and "contemporary dance" are not identical: the first is used to denote a wide range of varieties, directions, styles of modern dance of the 20th - early 21st centuries, the second - to denote an independent variety of modern dance that arose at the end of the 20th - at the beginning 21st century Contemporary dance can be considered as a complex phenomenon, which is not only a set of methods and techniques of dance (technical-technological level), but also is in the plane of philosophical and cultural-artistic concepts (spiritual-mental, ideological-aesthetic level), which simultaneously become the source of contemporary dance, and its regulator. Contemporary dance is dualistic in essence, integrates immanent dance features and features of contemporary art as a whole, is an integrative system of technical-technological and ideological-philosophical components.