bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crystal structure of 4-((E)-((E)-5-(2-fluorobenzylidene)-1-((4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl)-4-oxopiperidin-3-ylidene)methyl)benzonitrile, C26H18F2N2O3S
Authors: Liu Lian-Dong , Liu Shu-Lian , Hou Gui-Ge
Published: August 2018

C26H18F2N2O3S, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 8.412(3) Å, b = 22.056(8) Å, c = 12.125(4) Å, β = 102.316(5)°, V = 2198.0(14) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0475, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1156, T = 173(2) K.
Social inclusion of landless farmers in extension services in delta state, Nigeria: implications for agricultural development
Authors: Ofuoku Albert Ukaro , Ekorhi-Robinson Oluwaseun Ijeoma
Published: August 2018

This study considered the level of inclusion of landless farmers in extension services in Delta State, Nigeria. A sample size of 355 landless farmers who were randomly selected formed the respondents used for this study. The results show that they had a mean age of 45 years and were mostly females who were also mostly married with little level of formal education as their highest level of formal education was secondary education. They had a mean household size of 7 persons and average farming experience of 11.5 years with mean farm size of 2 ha and very many of them did not subscribe to farmer’s groups. They were mostly (70.70%) indigenes of the communities where they resided. Their level of social inclusion in agricultural extension benefits was poor (inclusion index = 0.45). They had an average crop output of 9000kg annually. Their level of social inclusion in agricultural extension services influenced their level of outputs. Their level of social inclusion was significantly influenced by their socioeconomic attributes of age, gender, marital status, and level of formal education, household size, farming experiences, group membership and indigene status. It was concluded that the landless farmers were socially excluded from agricultural extension services. It is recommended that extension agents should change their attitudes towards this class of farmers; and extension agents should persuasively convince the farmers to subscribe to membership of their relevant farmers’ groups
NanoSiO2 strengthens and toughens epoxy resin/basalt fiber composites by acting as a nano-mediator
Authors: Li Xi , Li Guoming , Su Xiaohong
Published: August 2018

A new type of material was prepared by modifying epoxy/basalt fiber composites with nanoSiO2. Mechanical tests showed that the nanoSiO2-modified epoxy/basalt fiber composites displayed significant improvement over the unmodified epoxy/basalt fiber composites in interlaminar shear strength and notch impact strength. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the nanoSiO2 was homogeneously dispersed in the epoxy matrix and adsorbed large numbers of epoxy molecules onto the surface. Many of the nanoSiO2-epoxy complexes tightly surrounded basalt fibers to form transition layers. Therefore, nanoSiO2 can act as a nano-mediator to promote epoxy molecules to infiltrate between and bind to basalt fibers, which enhances the synergistic cooperation between epoxy and basalt fibers in resisting external forces. This study indicates that modification with nanoSiO2 is an effective pathway to improve the performance of epoxy/basalt fiber composites and broaden their application fields.
Zebrafish as a translational regeneration model to study the activation of neural stem cells and role of their environment
Authors: Ceci Marcello , Mariano Vittoria , Romano Nicla
Published: August 2018

The review is an overview of the current knowledge of neuronal regeneration properties in mammals and fish. The ability to regenerate the damaged parts of the nervous tissue has been demonstrated in all vertebrates. Notably, fish and amphibians have the highest capacity for neurogenesis, whereas reptiles and birds are able to only regenerate specific regions of the brain, while mammals have reduced capacity for neurogenesis. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a promising model of study because lesions in the brain or complete cross-section of the spinal cord are followed by an effective neuro-regeneration that successfully restores the motor function. In the brain and the spinal cord of zebrafish, stem cell activity is always able to re-activate the molecular programs required for central nervous system regeneration. In mammals, traumatic brain injuries are followed by reduced neurogenesis and poor axonal regeneration, often insufficient to functionally restore the nervous tissue, while spinal injuries are not repaired at all. The environment that surrounds the stem cell niche constituted by connective tissue and stimulating factors, including pro-inflammation molecules, seems to be a determinant in triggering stem cell proliferation and/or the trans-differentiation of connective elements (mainly fibroblasts). Investigating and comparing the neuronal regeneration in zebrafish and mammals may lead to a better understanding of the mechanisms behind neurogenesis, and the failure of the regenerative response in mammals, first of all, the role of inflammation, considered the main inhibitor of the neuronal regeneration.
COD reduction of process wastewater with vacuum evaporation
Authors: Toth Andras Jozsef , Haaz Eniko , Szilagyi Botond , Nagy Tibor , Tarjani Ariella Janka , Fozer Daniel , Andre Anita , Valentinyi Nora , Solti Szabolcs , Mizsey Peter
Published: August 2018

Washing detergents in process wastewaters from fine chemical industry produce high Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), which poses a serious environmental problem. Method has to be found, which follows the principles of circular economy so that the treated water can be recycled or reused. Heat pump vacuum evaporator is evaluated in order to reduce the Chemical Oxygen Demand of process wastewater with washing detergent content from initial 7500 mg O2/L to a lower value below the effluent limit , which is 1000 mg O2/L. Yield and COD rejection are determined for the evaluation of selected treatment. Experiments are investigated with LED Italia R150-v3 pilot apparatus. Different evaporation pressures were applied during measurements. It The highest removal or reduction of in the Chemical Oxygen Demand was reached certainly using the lowest possible pressure, which is 40 mbar.
Properties of Cmc21-X2As2O (X = Si, Ge, and Sn) by First-Principles Calculations
Authors: Yang Ruike , Ma Yucan , Wei Qun , Zhang Dongyun
Published: August 2018

For the compounds Cmc21-X2As2O (X = Si, Ge, and Sn), the stabilities are verified by the elastic constants and the phonon dispersion spectra. The structural, mechanical, electronic, and optical properties are investigated by using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. For Cmc21-X2As2O, the mechanical strengths in the [100], [010], and [001] directions are studied. Young’s modulus for Cmc21-Ge2As2O is more anisotropic than that of Cmc21-Si2As2O and Cmc21-Sn2As2O. The band structures of Cmc21-Si2As2O and Cmc21-Sn2As2O show that they are indirect-bandgap semiconductors with bandgaps of 2.744 and 2.201 eV, by using the HSE06 hybrid functional. Cmc21-Ge2As2O is a direct narrow-bandgap semiconductor with a bandgap of 2.131 eV. The static dielectric constants of Cmc21-Si2As2O and Cmc21-Sn2As2O in the [001] direction are higher than those in the [100] and [010] directions. The static dielectric constant of Cmc21-Ge2As2O in the [001] direction is lower than those in the [100] and [010] directions.
Photoluminescence of Baltic amber
Authors: Vogler Arnd
Published: August 2018

Baltic amber shows a greenish photoluminescence upon UV illumination. When amber is dissolved in organic solvents such as ethanol, an emission spectrum is observed, which resembles that of pyrene. At higher concentrations, pyrene undergoes an aggregation, which shifts the emission to longer wavelength. In solid amber, an analogous aggregation apparently takes place. Depending on the size of the solid amber particles, a bluish (λ
max=450 nm) to greenish (λ
max=480 nm) luminescence appears.
Managing Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections in Women
Authors: Nicolle Lindsay E
Published: August 2018

Recurrent urinary infections are a common problem for women of all ages. Risk factors for urinary infection differ for pre- and postmenopausal women. Management strategies are well established, and include treatment of the acute symptomatic episode, and decreasing the frequency of subsequent episodes. This update focuses on the management of acute uncomplicated urinary infection, the most common bacterial infection in women.
Emerging Role of Inhibin as a Biomarker for Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Robertson David M , Oehler Martin K
Published: August 2018

Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological malignancy as it is diagnosed at a late clinical stage in more than 80% of patients. The development of diagnostic tests that can detect all types of ovarian cancers with high specificity and sensitivity, and at an early stage would improve survival rates. Serum inhibin is an ovarian hormone involved in the regulation of fertility, decreasing to undetectable levels after menopause. Certain ovarian malignancies, such as mucinous carcinomas and granulosa cell tumors, continue to produce inhibin, which is detectable in serum. A test for serum inhibin has been developed which is able to diagnose granulosa cell tumors and mucinous carcinomas with high accuracy. When the inhibin assay is used in conjunction with the CA125 test, which detects epithelial ovarian carcinomas, the two tests detect the majority of ovarian cancers with high sensitivity (95%) and specificity (95%). This article discusses the application of the inhibin test in ovarian cancer.
Total Number of Sets as a Training Volume Quantification Method for Muscle Hypertrophy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Baz-Valle Eneko , Fontes-Villalba Maelán , Santos-Concejero Jordan
Published: August 2018

Baz-Valle, E, Fontes-Villalba, M, and Santos-Concejero, J. Total number of sets as a training volume quantification method for muscle hypertrophy: A systematic review. J Strength Cond Res 35(3): 870–878, 2021—This review aimed to determine whether assessing the total number of sets is a valid method to quantify training volume in the context of hypertrophy training. A literature search on 2 databases (PubMed and Scopus) was conducted on May 18, 2018. After analyzing 2,585 resultant articles, studies were included if they met the following criteria: (a) studies were randomized controlled trials, (b) studies compared the total number of sets, repetition range, or training frequency, (c) interventions lasted at least 6 weeks, (d) subjects had a minimum of 1 year of resistance training experience, (e) subjects' age ranged from 18 to 35 years, (f) studies reported morphologic changes through direct or indirect assessment methods, (g) studies involved subjects with no known medical conditions, and (h) studies were published in peer-reviewed journals. Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria. According to the results of this review, the total number of sets to failure, or near to, seems to be an adequate method to quantify training volume when the repetition range lies between 6 and 20+ if all the other variables are kept constant. This approach requires further development to assess whether specific numbers of sets are key to inducing optimal muscle gains.
Self-Compacting Pervious Concrete Mix Design for Permeable Concrete Soakaway Rings
Authors: Lund M. S. M. , Hansen K. K. , Jensen A. H. , Mølgaard E. , Madsen P. K.
Published: August 2018

Permeable concrete soakaways store surface rainwater and let it seep slowly into the soil. This minimizes the risk of flooding, which is an increasingly larger problem because of climate change causing heavier and heavier rainfalls. In the present study, a self-compacting pervious concrete mix design is developed to use for permeable soakaway rings. A self-compacting mix design ensures a more uniform void distribution throughout the soakaway ring compared to the use of a conventional stiff pervious concrete mix design. The study is divided into two main parts: laboratory testing, in which the influence of the casting height on the void distribution is also considered, and full-scale casting of a 2.25-m-high pervious concrete soakaway ring. The overall conclusion is that a successful self-compacting pervious concrete mix design was developed by carefully balancing the use of a superplasticizer and stabilizer. Thereby, it was also possible to perform a successful full-scale casting.
Bond-Dependent Coefficient of Helically Wrapped Sand-Coated Glass Fiber–Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) Bars
Authors: Henin Eliya , Morcous George
Published: August 2018

Serviceability limit states require that cracking of reinforced concrete members be controlled for appearance, leaking, and durability requirements. The calculation of crack width in glass fiber–reinforced polymer (GFRP)-reinforced concrete flexural members is dependent on many factors, such as concrete cover, bar spacing, bar tensile stress, and bond-dependent coefficient (kb), which accounts for the bar surface condition. This article presents the determination of the bond-dependent coefficient (kb) for helically wrapped sand-coated deformed GFRP bars. A total of six beams were fabricated and tested for three different diameters of GFRP bars: #4 (13 mm), #6 (19 mm), and #8 (25 mm). The calculated values were compared against the proposed values according to ACI 440.1R, Guide for the Design and Construction of Structural Concrete Reinforced with Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Bars, and CAN/CSA S806, Design and Construction of Building Structures with Fibre-Reinforced Polymers. The average kb value of the tested GFRP bars was found to be 1, which indicates similar bond behavior to deformed steel bars. Also, the kb values proposed in ACI 440.1R overestimate crack width, while kb values proposed in CAN/CSA S806 are close to the ones obtained from the tested GFRP bars.
From the Field to the Lab: Real Scale Assessment of Stresses in Welded Components
Authors: Kromm Arne , Lausch Thomas , Schröpfer Dirk , Dixneit Jonny , Hannemann Andreas , Kannengiesser Thomas
Published: August 2018

Residual stresses are crucial when assessing the performance of welded components. The present work deals with the possibilities of transferring the real-life boundary conditions of welding, which influence the residual stress, into the laboratory. The possibilities of a test system specifically developed for this purpose, with a maximum capacity of 2 MN, are shown, because the structural design, global process, geometry, and material-dependent stresses are induced, which can be simulated and quantified within the system. Additionally, X-ray diffraction can be applied to determine the resulting local stress distribution precisely with high spatial resolution. Two examples are presented to show how the conditions to be found during production are simulated in the laboratory. It is shown how welding stresses in high-strength steels are affected by the heat control. It was possible to clarify why elevated working temperatures significantly increase the bending stresses in the welded joint and therefore the tensile stresses in the heat-affected zone. The effect of heat treatment applied under stresses resulting from welding is demonstrated by the example of a creep-resistant steel. Reheat cracking is significantly increased in this case, as compared to small-scale laboratory-based tests.
Effects of Austenitizing and Quenching Parameters on Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Press Hardened WHT1500HF Steel
Authors: Hu Kuanhui , Zhou Guifeng , Liu Jing
Published: August 2018

The effect of austenitizing temperature and the cooling rate during quenching on the microstructure and mechanical properties of press hardening steel were investigated. The as-quenched microstructure and prior austenite grain size were characterized by optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The mechanical properties were evaluated by uniaxial tensile tests. The results showed that the ultimate tensile strength and yield strength values were the highest and the formability index value was excellent for the water-quenched samples compared to the oil-quenched samples or the die-quenched samples. After quenching at different cooling rates, the microstructure was fully martensite, in which the martensite exhibited lath morphology. As the cooling rate increased, the martensite laths became finer and the martensite packets size decreased. The martensite laths for the specimens with the highest cooling rate were finer than for those of specimens with lower cooling rates, and there was a larger number of fine needle-like ϵ-Fe2C in the matrix of martensite laths. For the WHT1500HF steel, the optimum austenitizing temperature is 900°C, which resulted in a mean austenitic grain size of 9.4 μm. Therefore, the properties of the hot stamping steel can be improved through using an optimal austenitizing temperature and increasing the quenching rates by changing the physical die design.
Durability of Building and Construction Sealants and Adhesives: 6th Volume
Authors: White Christopher C. , Miyauchi Hiroyuki
Published: August 2018

Description

Get 17 peer-reviewed papers in the sixth edition of this valuable book for the building industry.

Understanding sealant durability, and how long a sealant will perform, is critical to the built environment. ASTM building sealant standards are used globally in the development of commercial and multi-use buildings.

International authors from Germany, Japan, Hong Kong, and the United States present state-of-the-art research on the durability of structural and weatherproofing sealants and adhesives.

Topics include

Sponsored by ASTM Committee C24 on Building Seals and Sealants, this publication features papers that were presented at the Sixth Symposium on the Durability of Building and Construction Sealants and Adhesives held in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, in June 2017.
Evaluation of Structural Performance of Aged Structural Glazing Sealant
Authors: Guan Jack Yue Shu
Published: August 2018

The Mandatory Building Inspection Scheme and Mandatory Window Inspection Scheme have been enforced in Hong Kong by the building authorities. All structural components, including structural sealants on buildings that are more than 30 years old, must be inspected and certified by a registered inspector. The Hong Kong building authorities require a safety factor of at least 5 for structural sealants, but the current test method, ASTM C1392-00, Standard Guide for Evaluating Failure of Structural Sealant Glazing, cannot help the registered inspector to determine the safety factor of the sealant on old buildings because it is not a destructive test in which the ultimate strength of the sealant can be found. To evaluate the structural performance of an aged structural sealant or to find out its safety factor, the ultimate tensile strength of the sealant must be found. The objective of this paper was to study the ultimate tensile strength of an aged structural sealant using a destructive test method. A site deglazing test and H-piece tensile test based on a modified version of ASTM C1135-05, Standard Test Method for Determining Tensile Adhesion Properties of Structural Sealants, were adopted for the evaluation process. Sealant samples were collected from four buildings with a similar age, approximately 30 years old, but the ultimate tensile strengths were found to be very different, ranging from 82.36 to 159.8 psi.
Fatigue Resistance of Rim Seals in Multi-Pane Glazing Systems from a Moisture Resistance Perspective: A Fundamental Test of Moisture Permeance Change Due to Fatigue Driven by Wind Pressure
Authors: Yamamoto Masato , Ihara Takeshi
Published: August 2018

The thermal performance of glazing components of buildings is evidently not superior to other opaque building components. Therefore, given the ever increasing interest in reducing the energy consumption of buildings, there is likewise a concerted effort to improve the performance of glazing units. The most common insulated glass glazing systems are double-glazed insulated glass units (IGUs) that consist of two glass panes and a rim seal. The quality of the rim seal generally defines the service life of the double-glazed IGU because the seals prevent moisture from penetrating the gaseous cavity of the IGU. It is sometimes reported in Japan that after construction some double-glazed IGUs installed in a building form haze in the IGU cavity due to condensation. Window frames generally protect rim seals from factors causing aging of IGUs, e.g., elevated temperatures, high levels of humidity, and ultraviolet radiation. Wind pressure acting on the IGU can cause the panes to move, however, and these movements can be a major aging factor for rim seals. In this paper a study is described in which a fundamental test method is employed to evaluate the fatigue of IGU rim seals arising from wind pressure acting on the IGU. A two-way fatigue test is proposed that takes wind profiles into account. A 2-m-high double-glazed IGU incorporating a conventional rim seal was subjected to a fatigue test of approximately 350 cycles; the test replicated the frequency of occurrence of wind pressures as those that occur annually in Japan and arise from wind speeds in excess of 5 m/s. The deflections induced by the wind pressures were those that occurred at the center of the IGU over a year when taking into account a range of wind pressures having recurrence intervals of 0.002-50 years; this was regarded as an annual fatigue load. The fatigue loads were then applied to the pane of the IGU test specimen, and the corresponding repeated movements occurred in the IGU rim seal. Experimental results show that the moisture permeance of the rim seal that had undergone the accumulated fatigue damage from testing increased by a factor of approximately six. Based on these results it becomes apparent that it is important to evaluate the change in moisture permeance due to fatigue driven by wind pressure fluctuations; this permits considering changing the design of the IGU rim seals to minimize the effects of wind-induced fatigue damage.
Comparison of the Weatherabilities of Different Types of Sealants with Various Stabilizers Based on Outdoor Weathering with Cyclic Movement for 12 and 24 Months
Authors: Heinzmann Ralf
Published: August 2018

Studies concerning the relative weatherabilities of sealants are often made by comparing the different polymer backbones, e.g., silicone versus polyurethane or silane-terminated polymers. In 2014, ASTM Committee C24 presented a comparison of different sealant types after accelerated weathering according to ISO 19862. To establish whether laboratory-accelerated weathering leads to similar results as environmental aging, the study was repeated with the same products in outdoor weathering with also once-a-week cyclic movement. The tests were carried out in Southern Germany in moderate climate conditions. Another goal of these tests was to find out whether movement and weathering according to ISO 19862 gives results comparable to those of outdoor weathering. It was also of special interest to determine whether the addition of adhesion promoters, ultraviolet stabilizers, heat stabilizers, etc., to various polymer bases has similar effects outdoors as in the laboratory-accelerated weathering device. Furthermore, the tests showed whether the performance of the final formulation is different in outdoor weathering. In addition to the pass-fail criteria according to ISO 19862, the change in modulus and the elastic recovery were determined regularly to obtain more detailed information about changes in the mechanical properties. These tests were done for outdoor weathering as well as for artificial aging in the laboratory-accelerated weathering device. On the basis of these tests, this paper presents the behavior of various formulations and technologies concerning durability as well as aesthetic aspects. The focus is on tests that include cyclic movement and the comparison of artificial weathering and outdoor weathering processes.
Assessing Durability of Pavement Sealants Based on Surface Preparation Techniques
Authors: Carbary Lawrence D. , Johnson David C. , Sutter Lawrence L.
Published: August 2018

Joints are introduced into concrete pavement to control cracking and to allow thermal movements. Sealing of concrete pavement joints to keep incompressibles and water out of the system is critical for the long-term performance of a roadway. Water introduced into the system through the joints can destabilize the slabs and accelerate the degradation of the load transfer rods. Incompressibles introduced into the joints will retard and inhibit the designed movement of the joints. This study assesses the durability of three different sealants placed in assemblies utilizing concrete typical of roadways with various surface preparation methods. Sawed concrete blocks were evaluated with various consolidating primers on concrete. Joint assemblies were fabricated with sealant according to ASTM C719-14 dimensions and subjected to tension movement after immersion in MgCl2 solutions at various temperatures. Visual inspection based on ISO 19862 criteria for adhesion performance was recorded so that surface preparations/treatments could be compared to one another. Controls of joint assemblies immersed in tap water at elevated temperatures showed that MgCl2 had a significant impact on the durability of two of the three sealants tested. This test method of evaluating the adhesion degradation in salt solutions at elevated temperatures proved to be a highly effective method of inducing failures in two of the three sealant materials tested.
GWAS with Heterogeneous Data: Estimating the Fraction of Phenotypic Variation Mediated by Gene Expression Data
Authors: Sasaki Eriko , Frommlet Florian , Nordborg Magnus
Published: August 2018

Intermediate phenotypes such as gene expression values can be used to elucidate the mechanisms by which genetic variation causes phenotypic variation, but jointly analyzing such heterogeneous data are far from trivial. Here we extend a so-called mediation model to handle the confounding effects of genetic background, and use it to analyze flowering time variation in Arabidopsis thaliana, focusing in particular on the central role played by the key regulator FLOWERING TIME LOCUS C (FLC). FLC polymorphism and FLC expression are both strongly correlated with flowering time variation, but the effect of the former is only partly mediated through the latter. Furthermore, the latter also reflects genetic background effects. We demonstrate that it is possible to partition these effects, shedding light on the complex regulatory network that underlies flowering time variation.
Comparing and Contrasting the Effects of Drosophila Condensin II Subunit dCAP-D3 Overexpression and Depletion in Vivo
Authors: Deutschman Emily , Ward Jacqueline R , Ho-A-Lim Kimberly T , Alban Tyler J , Zhang Dongmei , Willard Belinda , Lemieux Madeleine E , Lathia Justin D , Longworth Michelle S
Published: August 2018

The Condensin II complex plays important, conserved roles in genome organization throughout the cell cycle and in the regulation of gene expression. Previous studies have linked decreased Condensin II subunit expression with a variety of diseases. Here, we show that elevated levels of Condensin II subunits are detected in somatic cancers. To evaluate potential biological effects of elevated Condensin II levels, we overexpressed the Condensin II subunit, dCAP-D3 in Drosophila melanogaster larval tissues and examined the effects on the mitotic- and interphase-specific functions of Condensin II. Interestingly, while ubiquitous overexpression resulted in pupal lethality, tissue specific overexpression of dCAP-D3 caused formation of nucleoplasmic protein aggregates which slowed mitotic prophase progression, mimicking results observed when dCAP-D3 levels are depleted. Surprisingly, dCAP-D3 aggregate formation resulted in faster transitions from metaphase to anaphase. Overexpressed dCAP-D3 protein failed to precipitate other Condensin II subunits in nondividing tissues, but did cause changes to gene expression which occurred in a manner opposite of what was observed when dCAP-D3 levels were depleted in both dividing and nondividing tissues. Our findings show that altering dCAP-D3 levels in either direction has detrimental effects on mitotic timing, the regulation of gene expression, and organism development. Taken together, these data suggest that the different roles for Condensin II throughout the cell cycle may be independent of each other and/or that dCAP-D3 may possess functions that are separate from those involving its association with the Condensin II complex. If conserved, these findings could have implications for tumors harboring elevated CAP-D3 levels.
Politik Hukum Dalam Kebijakan Hukum Pidana LGBT
Authors: Kamalludin Iqbal , Rahma Hirda , Sari Aldila Arumita , Pujiyono Pujiyono
Published: August 2018

Abstract.The development of the times turned out not to always be able to achieve goals in improving the moral of society. Evidenced by the increasing number of crimes of morality, especially in terms of sexual orientation deviations. Even though it is true that LGBT people are not to be shunned, their sexual orientation is deviant, directly or indirectly can have a negative effect on the wider community. This is a job for all aspects of society in overcoming LGBT. Deviations from noble values must be overcome by returning them to the legal ideals of the nation, Pancasila. In order not to conflict with human rights, regulation of LGBT is required to be a reflection of the legal ideals contained in each of the precepts in Pancasila.Keywords: Legal Politics, LGBT, PancasilaAbstrak. Perkembangan zaman ternyata tidak selalu dapat mencapai tujuan dalam perbaikan moral masyarakat. Terbukti dengan makin banyaknya kejahatan moralitas, terutama dalam hal peyimpangan orientasi seksual. Sekalipun memang benar bahwa kaum LGBT tidak untuk dijauhi, namun orientasi seksualnya yang menyimpang, secara langsung maupun tidak dapat berpengaruh negatif bagi masyarakat luas. Hal ini merupakan pekerjaan bagi seluruh aspek masyarakat dalam menanggulangi LGBT. Penyimpangan nilai-nilai luhur harus disiasati dengan mengembalikannya kembali kepada cita hukum bangsa yaitu Pancasila. Agar tidak bertentangan dengan HAM, pengaturan tentang LGBT diharuskan merupakan cerminan dari nilai-nilai cita hukum yang terkandung didalamnya setiap sila dalam Pancasila.Kata Kunci : Politik Hukum, LGBT, Pancasila.
The Institutional Renewal in Settlement of Disputes of Local Election Results
Authors: Widodo Heru
Published: August 2018

Abstract. Since the first step of local election in 2015, the authority of adjudicating a dispute of local election’s result has been run by The Constitutional Court (MK) until a special judicial board before the national election held. An ideal design of the institutional renewal to adjudicate a controversy of local election’s result, could be a part of judicial environment under The Supreme Court (MA) supervision, or may becomes a new institution or replaces another institution by attaching to the authorized institution, named: Bawaslu, PT TUN or MK. Bawaslu was become the one of the institution which fulfills the requirements. Started from a legislative election on 2014, Bawaslu has an authority of resolving a dispute among the candidates of general election or between the candidates and the committee. And since the national election in the year 2017, Bawaslu has given the authorization to settle up an administrative violation, a conflict of local election and to handle a money politics through TSM. The authority of the dispute court of election results is proposed not only on the controversy over the calculation result, but also including unreachable legal phenomenon with law enforcement on criminal system and stage of election dispute, as an inseparable part.Keywords: institutional renewal, dispute result, national election.Abstrak. Sejak pemilihan serentak tahap pertama tahun 2015, wewenang mengadili sengketa hasil pemilukada dijalankan Mahkamah Konstitusi sampai dibentuk badan peradilan khusus sebelum pelaksanaan pemilihan serentak nasional. Disain pembaharuan kelembagaan yang ideal untuk mengadili sengketa hasil pemilukada serentak, dapat menjadi bagian dari lingkungan peradilan dibawah Mahkamah Agung, dapat pula menjadi lembaga baru ataupun mereposisi lembaga dengan cara melekatkan pada lembaga yang saat ini berwenang menyelesaikan sengketa pemilihan, yakni : Bawaslu, PT TUN atau MK. Bawaslu menjadi salah satu pilihan lembaga yang memenuhi persyaratan. Sejak Pemilu Legislatif 2014, Bawaslu berwenang menyelesaikan sengketa antarpeserta pemilu maupun antara peserta dengan penyelenggara, dan sejak Pemilukada Serentak 2017, bahkan diberi wewenang memutuskan pelanggaran administrasi, sengketa pemilukada sampai penanganan politik uang (money politics) secara TSM. Kewenangan peradilan sengketa hasil pemilihan diusulkan tidak hanya atas perselisihan atas hasil perhitungan, tetapi memasukkan peristiwa hukum yang tidak terjangkau dengan penegakan hukum dalam sistem pidana dan tahap sengketa pemilihan, sebagai bagian yang tidak terpisahkan. Kata kunci : pembaharuan kelembagaan, sengketa hasil, pemilukada serentak
Reliability and Usability of a 7-Minute Chart Review Tool to Identify Pediatric Prehospital Adverse Safety Events
Authors: Eriksson Carl O. , Ovregaard Nicole , Hansen Matthew , Meckler Garth , Skarica Barbara , Guise Jeanne-Marie
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Although medical errors in the hospital are a recognized source of morbidity and mortality, less is known about safety events in the prehospital care of children. As part of a multiphase study, we developed and evaluated the reliability and usability of the pediatric prehospital safety event detection system (PEDS), a tool used to identify safety events in prehospital care.

METHODS:

The tool was based on hospital chart review tools, literature review, and results from focus groups and a national Delphi survey. After reviewer training, preliminary testing, and initial use, we refined the tool on the basis of data analysis and reviewer feedback. Thirty charts were randomly selected from our study population of pediatric transports with lights and sirens in Multnomah County, Oregon, and independently reviewed by 2 pediatric emergency physicians with experience in prehospital care to evaluate interrater reliability and time to completion of the final tool.

RESULTS:

The PEDS tool contains 36 items, takes reviewers a median of 7 minutes to complete (interquartile range: 4–12), and exists in both paper and electronic formats. When comparing the presence or absence of severe safety events between 2 expert arbiters, we found 87% agreement (κ = 0.68), indicating good agreement.

CONCLUSIONS:

The PEDS tool is the first chart review tool designed to identify safety events for children receiving prehospital care, and it displayed good usability and reliability in this study. With this tool, we provide a novel mechanism for researchers, clinicians, and prehospital care leaders to identify opportunities to improve care for children.
Assessment of Hospitalist-Subspecialist Agreement About Who Should Be in Charge and Comparison With Actual Assignment Practices
Authors: Krikorian Mariam L. , Growdon Amanda S. , Chien Alyna T.
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUND:

A key juncture in patient hospitalization is determining which type of physician should be primarily responsible for directing treatment. We (1) examine the frequency hospitalists and subspecialists agree on preferred assignments and (2) compare preferred assignment with actual assignment.

METHODS:

Using a mixed methods approach, we first surveyed 66 physicians in 8 specialties about hospitalist assignments versus subspecialist assignments for 176 diagnoses at an academic children’s hospital. Agreement was calculated by using the interrater reliability coefficient, Pi. We subsequently compared survey responses to actual hospitalization data from January 2009 to August 2015.

RESULTS:

Specialty and physician response rates were 100% and 44%, respectively. For preferred assignment among hospitalists and specialists, some diagnoses (eg, gastroesophageal reflux, syncope) experienced high agreement (π = 0.714–1.000); other diagnoses (eg, Guillain-Barre, encephalopathy) had less agreement (π = 0.000–0.600). Hematologists and oncologists agreed among themselves most frequently (73%); endocrinologists agreed among themselves least frequently (9%). Perceptions of agreement were often higher than actual survey results. Of the 25 highest volume diagnoses, 7 were conditions with consensus (Pi ≥ 0.6) about assignment, and of those conditions, 6 were assigned to a subspecialist at least 50% of the time, although consensus indicated a hospitalist should have been assigned (1597 hospitalizations).

CONCLUSIONS:

This is the first study used to analyze preferences of hospitalist-subspecialist assignment and show variation from actual practice. Although physicians assessed the same patient information, agreement on preferred assignment varied noticeably across diagnoses and subspecialties. With our results, we reveal potential challenges in integrating hospitalists with other specialists and provide evidence for standardizing certain aspects of physician roles.
Evaluating the Feasibility of Incorporating In-Person Interpreters on Family-Centered Rounds: A QI Initiative
Authors: Cheston Christine C. , Alarcon Lizzeth N. , Martinez Julio F. , Hadland Scott E. , Moses James M.
Published: August 2018

OBJECTIVES:

No best practice has been defined for incorporating in-person interpreters into family-centered rounds (FCRs) for patients with limited English proficiency (LEP). We hypothesized that addressing barriers to scheduling in-person interpreters would make FCR encounters more likely, and thus ensure more equitable care for LEP patients.

METHODS:

A quality improvement initiative was conducted from October 2014 to March 2016 to arrange in-person interpreters for LEP patients during FCRs on the inpatient pediatric service of a large, urban, tertiary care center in Boston. Main interventions included establishing a protocol for scheduling interpreters for rounds and the implementation of a form to track process adherence. Our primary outcome was the percentage of FCR encounters with LEP patients with an interpreter present. Our balancing measures were patient satisfaction, which was assessed using validated surveys administered weekly by nonphysician team members through convenience sampling of families present on the wards, and rounds duration.

RESULTS:

There were 614 encounters with LEP patients during the intervention, 367 of which included in-person interpreters. The percentage of encounters with LEP patients involving interpreters increased from 0% to 63%. Form completion, our primary process measure, reached 87% in the most recent phase. English-proficient and LEP patients reported similar satisfaction with their rounding experience amid a modest increase in rounds duration (preintervention, 105 minutes; postintervention, 130 minutes; P = .056).

CONCLUSIONS:

Using quality improvement as a framework to address key barriers, we successfully implemented a process that increased the participation of in-person interpreters on FCRs on a busy pediatric service.
LOS ÓPTIMOS Y NO TAN ÓPTIMOS RECURSOS FILOSÓFICO-LITERARIOS DEL CÁNDIDO DE VOLTAIRE
Authors: Pérez Rivas Diego Alfredo
Published: August 2018

En el artículo se analizan los instrumentos filosóficos y literarios usados por Voltaire. En primer lugar, se analiza el lugar que ocupa la actividad literaria en la labor intelectual del autor, resaltando su inclinación a vincular la literatura con la filosofía. Después, se resalta la utilización sistemática de la fábula y la parábola en el desarrollo de la historia. En tercer lugar, se ilustra la forma en la que ciertos acontecimientos vitales determinan la evolución de la disputa entre optimismo y pesimismo. Finalmente, se resalta la habilidad literaria de Voltaire al desarrollar la disputa en temas como la filantropía, la guerra, el amor, los infortunios, el suicidio, el mal y la melancolía. Se defiende la tesis de que para mantener viva la disputa el autor sacrificó la verosimilitud, ejerciendo una actitud filosófica-literaria de apertura, es decir, una concepción de reflexión y continua polémica.
LA CONDUCTA ANIMAL Y LO TRANSANIMAL EN EL HOMBRE EN LA BIOLOGÍA FILOSÓFICA DE HANS JONAS
Authors: Serani Merlo Alejandro , Lailhacar Formigo Yván
Published: August 2018

En este trabajo se expone y comenta esquemáticamente la biofilosofía de Hans Jonas, poniéndola en relación con su visión del ser humano. Para Jonas la vida se distingue de la materia inerte por la libertad ganada desde la aparición del metabolismo. Percepción y emoción generan un hiato o mediatez entre el interés animal y su satisfacción; la conducta animal sería, entonces, el segundo grado de libertad. Con el ser humano surge un nuevo grado de libertad, que implica un salto ontológico caracterizado por el autor como transanimalidad. Lo transanimal remite a un modo propio de apropiarse del mundo, que se distancia de la satisfacción de las necesidades meramente biológicas, que no reviste utilidad para él, y que lo lleva a encontrarse consigo mismo y reflexionar sobre su propia existencia. En este plano Jonas examina tres signos de lo humano: la herramienta, la imagen y la tumba. La antropología de Jonas entronca con su comprensión de la realidad natural como fenómeno vivo y con su fenomenología de la vida animal. Este planteamiento de Jonas nos parece original y fecundo. Sus aportes iluminan la paleontología contemporánea, aportan criterio para juzgar el nivel de desarrollo humano en toda época y aportan una base sólida
donde poder anclar una metafísica.
ONTOLOGÍA Y CIENCIA: DE LA SUBSTANCIA ARISTOTÉLICA A LA SUSTANTIVIDAD ZUBIRIANA
Authors: Sierra-Lechuga Carlos
Published: August 2018

En este artículo presentaré la tesis de que la ciencia ha continuado pensando
aristotélicamente en función del concepto de sustancia y propondré otra variable independiente: la sustantividad. Para ello, echaré mano brevemente de los horizontes de comprensión que Xavier Zubiri ha encontrado en Occidente (movilidad y nihilidad), para luego mostrar por qué nuestra situación intelectual nos invita a pensar en las estructuras de las cosas desde un horizonte que podría llamarse de la complejidad.
LAS EMOCIONES: ¿INNECESARIAS PARA EL ENTENDIMIENTO CIENTÍFICO?
Authors: Ramos Argott Arturo
Published: August 2018

El interés por caracterizar la noción del entendimiento científico es relativamente nuevo, no obstante que el término ha sido ampliamente utilizado en la literatura científica y filosófica, sin mencionar muchas otras. Como aportación a las investigaciones actuales sobre esta noción, el objetivo del siguiente escrito es presentar un análisis crítico de la relación entre el entendimiento científico y las emociones.
Nursing students facing moral distress: strategies of resistance
Authors: Bordignon Simoní Saraiva , Lunardi Valéria Lerch , Barlem Edison Luiz , Silveira Rosemary Silva da , Ramos Flávia Regina , Dalmolin Graziele de Lima , Barlem Jamila Geri Tomaschewski
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the resistance strategies adopted by undergraduate students in nursing, faced with situations of moral distress (MD). Method: Qualitative research, developed in three universities in the south of Brazil, two federal and one private, with 21 undergraduate students in nursing from December 2015 to February 2016; the data was submitted to the discursive textual analysis and Foucauldian theoretical reference. Results: Students resisting demonstrate a sense of self-preservation and moral empowerment. Moreover, non-resistance initiatives are related to the fear of possible sanctions. Thus, by resisting or not, students may experience both positive and negative repercussions. Final considerations: By resisting, students aim to defend what they believe to be right, demonstrating their moral empowerment in the face of their moral distress. However, the exercise of disciplinary power seems to contribute to their moral fragilization, making it difficult to implement resistance strategies.
Introduction of the School Health Program in the city of Cascavel, Paraná State: report of nurses
Authors: Baggio Maria Aparecida , Berres Rosilene , Gregolin Bruna Penteado Silva , Aikes Solange
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the introduction of the School Health Program in the city of Cascavel, Paraná State, as opposed to the report of nurses. Method: a qualitative study with fifteen participants. The data were collected from April to August 2015, through semi-structured interviews, analyzed by content analysis and thematic modality. Results: the category “Introduction process” of the School Health Program integrates the subcategories “Identified health problems” and the “Challenges of intersectoriality”. The program was implemented quickly, with a fragile training of professionals to perform in the phases that compose it. Structural conditions of schools, human and material resources, and emerging intersectoral interaction were identified obstacles. The integration of the health, school, and family constitutes the program’s potentiality. Final considerations: it is understood that the actions of the program were based on health assessments of students, and it is necessary for professionals and managers to discuss and analyze the obstacles identified to achieve all the proposed objectives.
Nursing higher education in MERCOSUR: a bibliometric study
Authors: Winters Joanara Rozane da Fontoura , Prado Marta Lenise do , Lazzari Daniele Delacan , Jardim Vanessa Luiza Tuono
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify productions that approach nursing high education in member states of MERCOSUR. Method: bibliometric study with quantitative approach carried out in search mechanisms, such as BVS, Capes, SciELO, Scopus and PubMed, between 2006 and 2015. It was found 301 articles about nursing education in MERCOSUR. Results: point to concern for the nurse’s education for public health policies, for teacher’s education and the teaching-learning process. However, publications regarding technologies associated with distance education on health field are low. Conclusion: this study contributes with discussion in nursing education field when points to the themes regarding the production about nurses’ education in MERCOSUR, specially, the range of targets set up in the Educational MERCOSUR agreement.
Clinical and management skills for hospital nurses: perspective of nursing university students
Authors: Leal Laura Andrian , Soares Mirelle Inácio , Silva Beatriz Regina da , Bernardes Andrea , Camelo Silvia Helena Henriques
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze nursing university students’ perception of the professional skills to act in the hospital setting developed during their academic training, and what strategies are being created for the development of these skills during their performance. Method: an exploratory, qualitative study in which 40 nursing university students participated. The data were collected from September to December 2016 and conducted thematic inductive analysis. Results: clinical skills were identified that could be learned and previously developed at the undergraduate level; and management skills learned during undergraduate education and developed only in the hospital environment. Strategies for the development of skills were identified, such as individual study and Permanent Education, by the employing institution. Final considerations: it was evidenced that college contributed in significant proportions for learning and development of some clinical and management skills in the hospital. Still, despite the identified strategies, managers and training centers need to continuously implement strategies for the development of new skills in nurses.