bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving Usability Testing Tool with Web Usage Pattern Visualization Analysis
Authors:   Korea Institute of Design Research Society, Paeng YeYoung , Kim Irin , Lee Jihyun
Published: July 2022

As the demand for remote user research increased since the COVID-19 outbreak, the need for “contactless” remote user survey tools became emphasized and utilization of such tools has been accordingly accelerated. When conducting a contactless remote user test, it is necessary to compensate for each weakness by analyzing both quantitative and qualitative data. However, while studies on quantitative user behavior data analysis are focused, visualizing user web behavior pattern data are insufficient. Therefore, in this study, we propose a web usage pattern visualization tool that is simply analyzes quantitative and qualitative data together.
By deriving the functions to be provided by the remote usability evaluation tool, three prototypes used in the UT evaluation stage and three prototypes used in the UT analysis stage were proposed. Afterward, improvement of each prototype was derived through expert evaluation and the prototype was supplemented.
This study has the expected effect of presenting a direction to view both quantitative analysis data and qualitative data in the stage of analyzing usability tests. However, there is a limitation in that the user test wasn’t conducted using the proposed prototype. So additional research should be conducted in the future, and the service needs to be improved based on the user test.
A study on the Computational Aesthetics based on Humanized Aesthetics: Focusing on the architectural design
Authors:   Korea Institute of Design Research Society, Wang You Zhi , Nah Ken
Published: July 2022

In recent years, computational aesthetics, which connects science and art, is becoming a new interdisciplinary field that brings technology into art creating. With advanced CAD technology and artificial intelligence, computational aesthetics has been widely used in many design fields such as architecture and industry design. Famous design companies such as Foster+Partners, Zaha Hadid and BIG have already adopted computational and parametric design method as a competitive way to enhance creativity. But there are still some argues that this new aesthetics is superficial or even cold. In terms of generative art, as an advanced digital art, reveals a new aesthetic power, which is impressive. In this context, the purpose of the study aims at comparing computational aesthetics with aesthetics to reveal their differentiation and correlation that benefit for designer to fresh the cognition of this new approach vice versa. As methods of this research, firstly previous researches and literature are collected and comparatively analyzed on the concept and relationships of aesthetics and computational aesthetics, as well as the assessment method. Secondly, through case studies, under the characters of these two aesthetic approaches in design field, three representative cases are selected to be deeply investigated by collecting and analyzing relevant articles, books and online materials to explain the respective features. Then, after comparison and further analysis, explaining how computational aesthetics as a rational aesthetic expression can augment the limit of human aesthetic experience and the design thinking process. The final results of this paper point that aesthetics dominated by emotional mind belongs to a top-down thinking process, while computational aesthetics because of its algorithmic generated basis, which dominated by logic mind, it belongs to a bottom-up thinking process. It is expected that the findings based on this research can provide certain guidance for designers to make good use of them.
Proposal of Emotional HRI Design for human interaction with autonomous driving robot that prevents crime.
Authors:   Korea Institute of Design Research Society, Kang In Sung , Nah Ken
Published: July 2022

As technologies such as autonomous driving, AI, and robots develop as the era of the 4th industrial revolution arrives, robot development is accelerating as it has been proven that the introduction of robots in service industries and fields improves productivity. HRI design is an important element that enables smooth communication between humans and robots to create friendly emotions, and is a meaningful research topic for humans and robots to coexist in the future society. To this end, in this paper, we propose the design of human-robot interaction (HRI) with objectivity through user analysis. For this study, the user perception was accurately investigated by comparing two robots that have a common category in the autonomous driving patrol robot field and have different interaction ranges such as appearance, color, and display, which are visual elements. As a result of the survey, the three keywords derived for the recognition of autonomous driving crime prevention robots were cute, soft, and friendly. We set the emotional expression HRI design direction focusing on three keywords, and proposed 16 kinds of emotional expression expression designs according to use cases. In addition, various interactions will be designed for smoother communication through follow-up research, and a usability test will be conducted.
A Study on the Activation of Rural Community through Thematic Community Design: Through action group role of rural new vigor plus business and analysis of its type
Authors:   Korea Institute of Design Research Society, Ha Bong Soo
Published: July 2022

This dissertation suggested the necessity of thematic community as regional community activation method by classifying type of action group(147 groups) which can be said to be pivotal activity organization for rural new vigor plus business by investigating their character, i.e., whether they are organized to play certain role. In conclusion, action group can be largely classified into economic community, culture· tour community and thematic community and it was confirmed that they are concentrated on economic community which aims to create income. After all, new vigor plus business emphasizes the promotion of business in the character of software and human ware than hardware. Considering that the utilization and connection of diverse infra built in existing government financial support business is emphasized, the necessity of thematic community which can connect & link many people as efficiently as organization of specific purpose without being limited to geographic relation or consanguinity. Thus, the necessity of community design is suggested, that is, finding thematic community and expanding the opportunity of participation, active utilization of outdoors unused space and politic support for it, creating synergy effect through cooperation between communities, ensuring continuity of community through connection between generations.
Research on the visual attribute of Ambiguity image in advertisement
Authors:   Korea Institute of Design Research Society, Jiang Tianyin , Yang Jae Bum
Published: July 2022

The content of advertising design often gives people a sense of confusion. What is the reason for this characteristic of blurred image? From the point of view of notation, there are many reasons for Ambiguity, and the specific core elements of Ambiguity are based on 'inconsistency'. In advertising, visual information becomes the central element, so ambiguity of meaning is portrayed. In his opinion, when advertising is centered on linguistic information, the meaning is conveyed more clearly, but visual information becomes an important component of advertising, thus increasing the room for polysemy interpretation. Therefore, based on the method of case study, this study tries to find out what the visual characteristics of fuzzy images are and what formative factors affect these characteristics. From the perspectives of visual condensability, information deficiency, semantic complexity and concept divergence, 15 specific methods and various forming factors of image fuzziness are found. This study provides a practical classification item for the visualization method of Ambiguity image in advertisement.
A Study on the Review of User Behavior in Greenway Space: Case Study of Greenway Space User Behavior in China and Overseas
Authors:   Korea Institute of Design Research Society, Zhang Lin , Moon Jeong Min
Published: July 2022

Greenway is a linear green open space located along natural or man-made landscapes such as rivers, ridgelines, abandoned railways and scenic roads, with multiple functions of ecology, recreation and social culture. Greenway in the modern sense originated in the United States and has rapidly become a global movement since the 1990s. Greenway construction in China began in 2008, and most of it focuses on the function, benefit and planning of greenway space. There are few studies on users, and scholars engaged in this field come from multiple disciplines, so the theoretical basis is weaker than overseas studies. This study first elaborated the concept and type of greenway space, the definition of greenway space user, summarized the development process of greenway space overseas and China. By systematically summarizing the research progress of greenway space users in China and overseas, it is found that more and more scholars in the field of greenway research begin to pay attention to user issues, and the research area is increasingly globalized. Most of them are empirical studies, and the research methods tend to be diverse. Most of them are American scholars. At present, greenway user research is mostly based on the research of developed countries. However, the purpose of greenway construction in China is different, and the current public awareness of greenway is still little. Therefore, this study can provide theoretical case reference for the study of greenway user behavior in developing countries.
Biomenstrual: More-than-Human Design of Menstrual Care Practices
Authors: Campo Woytuk Nadia , Juul Søndergaard Marie Louise
Published: July 2022

Biomenstrual is a Research through Design project for imagining, designing and practicing menstrual care beyond the human body. Drawing from feminist posthumanist theories that address the multispecies entanglements and ecologies our bodies form part of, we use design practice to research how caring for one’s menstrual health might extend to caring for the environment and the planet’s wellbeing. Motivated by existing practices of using menstrual blood as a fertilizer, and by the current landscape of unsustainable disposable menstrual products, we designed biodegradable menstrual pads and speculate on the practices and tools that are part of this fabrication process. We introduce and imagine a cyclical process where the biodegradable absorbent materials in menstrual care products are gathered, assembled into pads, used and discarded together with the body’s materials (menstrual blood, mucus and tissue) not as waste, but as fertilizer and compost, nourishing the soil and the species the biomaterials were first obtained from.
In this pictorial, we present this design process, including the resulting biomaterial experiments, recipes, tools and speculative scenarios of decomposition. The project is taking place in Nordic ecologies where we are working in close relation with the local species of sphagnum moss and gluten extracted from wheat, which we have used as superabsorbent materials in the menstrual pads. From our own kitchens turned into biomaterial engineering and design labs, the Biomenstrual project probes the relationships between lab-based experimentation and cooking and crafting in the home, drawing from the figure of the witch, the empirical and resourceful woman attending to both her own body and the bodies of other species.
Designing From the Perspective of Care, or How to Repair the World
Authors: Pujadas Anna
Published: July 2022

The aim of this article is to explore the possibility of designing from the perspective of care. The article addresses the concept of care throughout the history of design for well-being. The text illustrates the principal concepts of the ethics of care and applies them to the philosophy of design. Vulnerability is considered an indispensable moral position to design from care, and narration is considered a design method from the care philosophy point of view. In addition, the article offers examples of designers with a conception consistent with the ethics of care. Through various examples of designers, this article discusses what it would mean to think from the perspective of care in the field of design.
Caring Through Design: A Search for New Perspectives
Authors: Wilde Danielle , Del Corral Anna , Silvestre Elisabet , Guasch Ceballos Ricardo
Published: July 2022

This issue of Temes de Disseny focuses on the contribution of design in promoting caring for life in all its manifestations and for the environment. In other words, caring for the entire planet.
At a time when human health is in the spotlight more than ever, it is important to consider design within an interplay of different disciplines as societies worldwide strive to meet the Sustainable Development Goals while staying within the planetary boundaries.
The aim of this issue is to bring a series of design and research perspectives to the forefront to plant the seed for new ideas about what might help designers become agents of change in the global health landscape.
Andijan State Medical Institute: Steps to Implement Simulation Education in the Institute
Authors: Madazimov M. M. , Usmonov U. , Abdurahmonova D.
Published: July 2022

The milestones of medical simulation implementation in Republic of Uzbekistan and Andijan Medical Institute.
Benefits of Local Government Aggregation of Clean Energy Resources: Emerging Opportunities Under FERC Order Number 2222
Authors: Chen Jennifer , McLaughlin Katrina , Womble Joseph , Richmond-Crosset Kyle
Published: July 2022

This paper discusses how U.S. local governments can make money and derive benefits from emerging market opportunities related to distributed energy resources (DERs), like rooftop solar, electric vehicles and water heaters, in the context of Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Order Number 2222.
Book Review: Penelitian Hukum: Pilihan Metode dan Praktik Penulisan Artikel (Edisi Revisi)
Authors: Arrasyid Yanuriansyah
Published: July 2022

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Implementasi E-Court dalam Proses Beracara di Pengadilan
Authors: Wambrauw Jane Shirley
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan menelaah bagaimana e-Court diterapkan dalam lingkungan peradilan berdasarkan Peraturan Mahkamah Agung (Perma) No. 1 Tahun 2019. Penelitian ini menerapkan pendekatan Yuridis empiris. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa e-Court dalam penerapannya khusus di Pengadilan Negeri Biak diterapkan hanya sampai pada proses e-Payment. Selain dari pada itu, Pengadilan Negeri Biak belum menerapkan secara maksimal aplikasi e-Court ini, disebabkan adanya Surat Sekretaris Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia No. 630/SEK/SK/VII/2019 yang menjelaskan bahwa pengadilan yang ditunjuk sebagai percontohan dalam melakukan penerapan e-Court dalam lingkungan peradilan. Selain itu, untuk menunjang penerapan e-Court yang baik diperlukan sumber daya manusia yang memahami literasi digital guna mewujudkan peradilan yang cepat dan berbiaya ringan.
Educación pública en el Perú, Ecuador y México durante la pandemia
Authors: Rios-Campos Carlos , Garcés Norma Alexandra Hinojosa , Hinojosa Karina Soraya García , Tapia Doris Elena Delgado , Melendez Ingrid Milagros Albán , Tay Shirley Tatiana Bustamante Vilchez de , León Julio César Tay , Tirado Willam Cristian Guevara
Published: July 2022

Conforme avanza el proceso de vacunación durante el presente año 2022, las escuelas públicas en Latinoamérica están abriendo sus puertas y recibiendo a los estudiantes y docentes. En esta investigación, se planteó el objetivo general, analizar la educación pública en el Perú, Ecuador y México durante la pandemia. Metodología, la investigación presentó un diseño cualitativo-interpretativo, de tipo documental, se han seleccionado 36 documentos, realizados en el periodo 2017 – 2022, incluyendo: artículos científicos, artículos de revisión e información de sitios web de organizaciones reconocidas. Las palabras claves utilizadas en las búsquedas fueron: Educación pública, Perú, Ecuador, México y pandemia. Resultados, la educación pública en el Perú, Ecuador y México durante la pandemia se ha visto debilitado, pero también debemos reconocer el esfuerzo por superar esta situación adversa, a pesar de los escasos recursos económicos disponibles. Conclusiones, la pandemia del COVID-19 afectó el sistema educativo latinoamericano, obligando a la virtualidad de la educación. Durante el año 2022, gradualmente se está volviendo a la educación presencial. La educación pública en el Perú, Ecuador y México tienen muchas dificultades como el nivel mínimo de competencia en lectura, niños que están fuera de las aulas por la brecha tecnológica, se necesita una mejor gestión y toma de decisiones por parte de los líderes políticos en temas educativos, mayor inversión por estudiante, integración de estudiantes indígenas, afrodescendientes, del sector rural o de estratos vulnerables, fortalecer el gremio docente, mejorar la infraestructura educativa, apoyar la educación inclusiva, garantizar la educación de calidad, participación activa y permanente de los actores educativos.
Concepciones sobre ciencia del cuerpo académico en formación: “ciencia, tecnología y sociedad en educación básica y formación de docentes” de la ensm
Authors: Flores Laura Minerva Zaldivar , Martínez María Teresa Sánchez , Urbina Oscar Ignacio Salas , Avalos-Rogel Alejandra
Published: July 2022

La presente investigación se realizó a partir de la inquietud de docentes que integran el Cuerpo Académico en formación: Ciencia, Tecnología y Sociedad en Educación Básica y Formación de Docentes de la Escuela Normal Superior de México de mejorar los resultados obtenidos por los alumnos y egresados, en cuanto al dominio de los contenidos científicos, para ello se consideró replantear la forma en la que los maestros de la ENSM enseñan ciencia. Se identifica y analiza la influencia en los procesos formativos de los futuros docentes, en relación a las propuestas metodológicas de enseñanza de las ciencias en el laboratorio escolar de la Escuela Normal Superior de México. La investigación es de tipo cualitativo con observación participante lo que permitió identificar cómo están organizadas y priorizadas las concepciones de los docentes, a partir de la descripción de situaciones que se presentan en su actividad cotidiana. Apoyados por cuestionarios, se obtuvo información que fue representada en tablas y gráficos y posteriormente analizada. Se observa que los docentes tienen concepciones diversas sobre lo que es ciencia, que atienden a múltiples paradigmas, e incluso son congruentes con las concepciones escolares de ciencia.
New records of soil-inhabiting mesostigmatic mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) in Turkey
Authors: JOHARCHİ Omid , DÖKER İsmail , YALCİN Kemal , KAZAK Cengiz
Published: July 2022

This paper reports on four species, in three genera within two families (Ameroseiidae, Digamasellidae) of soil-inhabiting mesostigmatic mites in Turkey: Ameroseius lidiae Bregetova; Ameroseius sculptilis Berlese; Kleemannia nova Nasr and Abou-Awad and Dendrolaelaspis lobatus (Shcherbak and Chelebiev). The important diagnostic characters of each species are reviewed to facilitate species delimitation. The genus Dendrolaelaspis Lindquist is reported for the first time from Turkey.
A Tracking Solution of IT Assets and Resources Management
Authors:   nstitute of Information Technology, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Dutta Nixon
Published: July 2022

Asset Management is the most crucial factor that needs to be maintained by an organization. It is an orderly action of operating, updating, and maintaining the resources. Its substances in the business section is undoubtedly remarkable. As we know, among the most crucial assets are information and physical assets, and licenses. So, the proper way of asset management is mandatory. This project aims to enhance asset management, which refers to monitoring, tracking, and tagging assets and maintaining them in real-time, so that an organization can adequately manage its IT assets, including hardware and software, concerning risk, governess, business compliance, control, costs, and performance goal set by that organization. It provides notification alerts via e-mail when tagging an asset or checks out. Distinct assets can be search easily by this digital inventory and monitored from a single window. It will provide a view to the user of which asset he has been tagged. It resembles all the criteria of maintaining the standard called ISO 27001.
Agricultura familiar de Itabaiana-SE a partir do censo agropecuário (2017)
Authors: Carvalho Diana Mendonça de , Costa José Eloízio da
Published: July 2022

O artigo em tela realiza uma leitura geográfica das características socioeconômicas da agricultura familiar no município de Itabaiana/SE, através do Censo Agropecuário de 2017 (IBGE, 2019). Para tanto, teceu-se pesquisa bibliográfica e análise de indicadores, partindo do 1) domínio da agricultura familiar entre os números de estabelecimentos agropecuários; 2) perfil dos atores familiares; 3) taxa de escolaridade; 4) oferta de ATER; 5) ínfima organização socioeconômica; e 6) baixo acesso a crédito bancário. Diante desses dados, o segmento familiar do município se destaca na produção de lavouras temporárias e na pecuária, além de contribuir para a proliferação de veículos no campo, a exemplo do uso da motocicleta. Ainda assim, a agricultura familiar do município de Itabaiana apresenta problemas quanto a necessidade de políticas públicas de apoio à sua base produtiva, ao tempo que responde por considerável demanda olerícola do estado, situando Itabaiana dentro do universo da comercialização agrícola,
Geografia Da Família, Aspectos Teóricos E Abordagens Qualitativas: Uma Introdução
Authors: Marques Martins Isis do Mar
Published: July 2022

Ainda com poucas referências latino-americanas, o estudo da geografia da família é abrangente e envolve uma série de análises na geografia produzida no chamado Norte Global. O presente trabalho é uma sistematização dessas análises e a tentativa de superação da maneira ortodoxa de compreender a geografia da família sob a ótica das teorias clássicas e neoclássicas, bem como propor novas abordagens a partir do contexto brasileiro. Resulta, assim, de um esforço de análise necessário e ímpar para pensarmos novas matizes da análise espacial.
Novel dual action anti-neoplastic drugs
Authors: Meyer Elazar
Published: July 2022

A novel drug structure (a Markush structure) is presented including molecules that can be effective as dual action drugs namely as inhibitors of epidermal growth factor kinase domain as well as having anti-angiogenic activity. The novel Markush structure includes molecules that might have dual anti-neoplastic activity leading to the development of a novel effective cancer drug for treating e.g., pancreatic cancer.
An initial checklist of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and their specific distribution from district Wardha, Maharashtra, India
Authors: Badwaik Vaishali J.
Published: July 2022

Biodiversity of life forms is incredible in India. In the present study, the comprehensive list of ant species and their distribution in district wardha from 2019 to 2021 have been studied. The habitat selected to study the impressive diversity of ants is agricultural field, domestic habitats, tree plantations, and surrounding water bodies. This is the first checklist of ant recorded in eight tehsil places (Seloo, Wardha, Deoli, Arvi, Ashti, Karanja, Hinganghat, Samudrapur) of district Wardha. The total ant species recorded belong to six subfamilies i.e. Formicinae, Myrmicinae, Ponerinae, Dorylinae, Dolichoderinae, and Pseudomyrmicinae. A total of 57 species belonging to the 30 genera are listed in the district. The species diversity index is more in agricultural fields followed by domestic habitats. The generic richness recorded for Componotus and Crematogaster.
Interleukin-6 as an early marker for the diagnosis neonatal septicemia
Authors: Tariq Suhad , Abdul-Hussain Jafar Nihad , abdulkhaliq awadh Halah
Published: July 2022

Sepsis is a leading cause of death and morbidity in newborns, especially those with very low birth weight and premature babies. The aim of our study diagnoses bacterial neonatal septicemia by direct techniques and some immunological biomarkers. The present study would include 75 neonates with clinically suspected neonatal sepsis and 50 healthy controls. Interleukin -6 levels of the blood were significantly higher in the suspected neonatal septicemia group compared with the control group. A significant increase in IL-6 levels in the blood can be used to make diagnose sepsis early.
ASSESSMENT OF THE VARIOUS TYPES OF INFORMAL HOSPITALITY SERVICES OFFERED BY WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS IN KENYA
Authors: Onyando Lynette Akinyi Ogada , Wadongo Billy , Omondi Rose Kisia
Published: July 2022

Purpose: Women have ventured into the informal hospitality sector to provide different services to improve their socio-economic well-being in the developed world and Africa. Similar results to assess informal hospitality services women entrepreneurs in Kenya have also been reported. These services include outside catering, events management, and housekeeping services.

Methodology: The study employed a qualitative research design to collect data from women entrepreneurs providing informal hospitality services through interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs). The study population was drawn from women groups providing informal hospitality services and are registered by Social Services offices from Muranga, Kakamega, Nakuru, and Kisumu Counties. The study used an in-depth interview where the researcher interviewed eight critical informants from the four Counties. The purposive sampling method was used to pick the eight women entrepreneurs from the universal target population of the study. Further, the researcher carried out one (1) FGD with a total of 8 participants, 6 participants purposively identified from urban-based Sub-Counties and two (2) participants from the rural-based Sub-Counties. The researcher used framework analysis, where the collected data from interviews and FGD were organized into themes based on the study objectives.

Findings: The study found out that women in the informal hospitality services in Nakuru, Kisumu, Muranga, and Kakamega Counties were doing outside catering services and events management to improve their socio-economic well-being. The women entrepreneurs found these services profitable and were overwhelmingly willing to continue with the services, unlike housekeeping services that some could offer as free services to the community.

Recommendation: The women enterpreneurs in the informal hospitality services in the four Counties need capacity building and more funding from both the County and National Governments so as to expand and diversify their businesses.
The determinants of household insurance product in Zimbabwe
Authors: Ezekiel Chitombo , Njanike Kosmas
Published: July 2022

Noticeable challenges experienced by house owners to restore their property and belongings to original position in the event of theft and fire outbreaks results in the need to have household insurance cover. Household insurance relieves stress and brings peace of mind to the house owner as the fear of risk of future uncertainty is reduced. The study investigates the determinants of household insurance uptake in Zimbabwe.The study used data from finscope Survey 2014 to explore the determinants of household insurance in Zimbabwe. The logit model was used to estimate the determinants of household insurance. The study found out that education, income .financial advice, age and location positively affects the uptake of household insurance. Marital status and social media have a negative relationship. Household insurance can be at the same level of uptake with motor vehicle insurance if the public are advised on the importance to safe guard their homes. Government and insurers must provide a conducive environment and campaign programmes to increase the awareness of household insurance. This untapped potential market will boost the revenue base for the insurance sector. There is need to consider household insurance pricing in the future
External Economic Shocks and Monetary Policy Tools in Nigeria
Authors: Jato Terungwa Paul Joseph , Ayaga Joyce Mbakosun
Published: July 2022

The study investigated the effect of external economic shocks on monetary policy tools in Nigeria for a period of 1990 to 2020. External economic shocks were measured though their passthrough variables of exchange rate (EXR), foreign direct investment (FDI), external debt (ED), and trade openness (TO); while monetary policy tools were considered in terms of broad money supply (M2), monetary policy rate (MPR) and cash reserve ratio (CRR). The Zivot and Andrews test and the Bayer and Hanck combined cointegration tests were employed to to check for stationarity (with structural breaks) and cointegration among the variables. We then applied the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) test to determine the effect of the relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable. The results of the structural indicated that there are structural breaks accounting for the existence of shocks, while the cointegration test showed that the variables are cointegrated. The ARDL test disclosed that external economic shocks (through EXR, FDI, ED, and TO) have significant effect on monetary policy variables. This study therefore recommends that the monetary authorities should safeguard the monetary operations in Nigeria from external economic mishaps that have spillover to the country by making allowance for the external economic shocks in setting these tools and putting in place mechanisms that can make these tools resilient and resistant to the shocks
Supervised machine learning application of lithofacies classification for a hydrodynamically complex gas - condensate reservoir in Nam Con Son basin
Authors: Nguyen Ngoc Tan , Tran Ngoc The Hung , Hoang Ky Son , Tran Vu Tung
Published: July 2022

Conventional integration of rock physics and seismic inversion can quantitatively evaluate and contrast reservoir properties. However, the available output attributes are occasionally not a perfect indicator for specific information such as lithology or fluid saturation due to technology constraints. Each attribute commonly exhibits a combination of geological characteristics that could lead to subjective interpretations and provides only qualitative results. Meanwhile, machine learning (ML) is emerging as an independent interpreter to synthesise all parameters simultaneously, mitigate the uncertainty of biased cut-off, and objectively classify lithofacies on the accuracy scale.

In this paper, multiple classification algorithms including support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), decision tree (DT), K-nearest neighbours (KNN), logistic regression, Gaussian, Bernoulli, multinomial Naïve Bayes, and linear discriminant analysis were executed on the seismic attributes for lithofacies prediction. Initially, all data points of five seismic attributes of acoustic impedance, Lambda-Rho, Mu-Rho, density (ρ), and compressional wave to shear wave velocity (VpVs) within 25-metre radius and 25-metre interval offset top and base of reservoir were orbitally extracted on 4 wells to create the datasets. Cross-validation and grid search were also implemented on the best four algorithms to optimise the hyper-parameters for each algorithm and avoid overfitting during training. Finally, confusion matrix and accuracy scores were exploited to determine the ultimate model for discrete lithofacies prediction. The machine learning models were applied to predict lithofacies for a complex reservoir in an area of 163 km2.

From the perspective of classification, the random forest method achieved the highest accuracy score of 0.907 compared to support vector machine (0.896), K-nearest neighbours (0.895), and decision tree (0.892). At well locations, the correlation factor was excellent with 0.88 for random forest results versus sand thickness. In terms of sand and shale distribution, the machine learning outputs demonstrated geologically reasonable results, even in undrilled regions and reservoir boundary areas.
Gender, Resistance, and Identity: Women’s Rewriting of the Self in Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni’s Before We Visit the Goddess
Authors: Anuar Nur Ain Nasuha , Asl Moussa Pourya
Published: July 2022

The image of Indian women has often been associated with the act of obedience and submission. Previous studies on gender and sexuality in India’s literary tradition and culture point to the dominance of heteropatriarchal normativity and the scarcity of the image of a powerful woman capable of contesting and dismantling such impositions. In this study, we argue that Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni’s Before We Visit the Goddess (2016) presents a more nuanced image of the Indian women who constantly problematize the mainstream prescriptions of gender roles and boundaries. In pursuit of the argument, this study aims to explore the novel to examine the multiple ways in which the leading female characters contest, negotiate, and reconstruct pre-existing definitions of gender identities. As an analytical framework, we draw upon the poststructuralist feminist Hélène Cixous’s notions of “the feminine,” “the other,” and “écriture féminine” (feminine writing) to shed light on female characters’ struggles against submission to patriarchal discourses. The findings reveal that the three female characters—i.e., Sabitri, Bela, and Tara—resist discourses of masculinity through empowerment in their unique ways: establishing a business, getting a divorce, and having an abortion. Through such practices, the female characters demonstrate the will of both a woman and a mother and a strong sense of love that works as a key factor in their resistance to patriarchy and rewriting identity relations.
Advances and Future Prospects on Biotechnological Approaches Towards Azolla for Environmental Sustainability
Authors: Md Nasir Nor Anis Nadhirah , Zakarya Irnis Azura , Kamaruddin Saadi Ahmad , Mohammad Aminul Islam Abul Kalam
Published: July 2022

Environmental sustainability is an integral aspect of living a better life, which will continue to be globally highlighted in the future. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are crucial in most research areas to improve natural resources that will ensure the long-term viability of the environment. The rising population may lead to increased pollution due to extensive anthropogenic activities. Natural resources are being increasingly exploited by an ever-increasing human population and rising per capita consumption. A combination of biotechnological approaches to strengthen environmental sustainability in plant fields has often been used. Azolla, an aquatic fern, is a promising candidate for worldwide application and is well established in biotechnology, particularly focusing on environmental sustainability. This review aims to explore the prospective of Azolla using a biotechnology approach. This review highlights current and future research and presents viewpoints on the importance of biotechnology in phytoremediation, genomics, and the animal feed industry.
Comparison of Endodontic Pain observed with Sodium Hypochloride, Hydrogen peroxide and Norman Saline based Root canal irrigants
Authors: Noor Nouman , Hasan Mujtaba  , Sadaf Humayoun  , Muhammad Farooq Umer  , Muhammad Mohsin Javaid  , Arfa Rehman
Published: July 2022

Objective: To compare frequency and intensity of endodontic pain with sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide and normal saline groups.
Method:105 subjects were randomly allocated to 3 study arms. Group A (Sodium Hypochlorite), Group B (Hydrogen Peroxide) & Group C (Normal saline).Data regarding endodontic pain was recorded by asking the patient to mark on the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) according to the severity of pain on the proforma provided.
Results:The minimum Intensity of pain was 0 and maximum was 10 with mean and standard deviation were 3.43 Â 3.576 VAS. Endodontic pain was present in 12/35 (34.3%), 24/35 (68.6%), 30/35 (85%) patients of Groupâ€™s A, B, C respectively. Significant difference between groups with respect to Intensity of pain (VAS) was shown by one-way ANOVA. For Group A the Intensity of pain (VAS) was 82.38 Â 4.34 and for Group B, C the Intensity of pain (VAS) were 4.37 Â 3.456 and 6.11 Â 3.197 respectively.
Conclusions:Sodium Hypochlorite was much better than Hydrogen peroxide and normal saline in the management of endodontic pain in terms of incidence and intensity.
Comparison of High Intensity Non-Invasive Ventilation With Low Intensity Non-Invasive Ventilation In Patients With Acute Copd Exacerbation
Authors: Sabir Asma , Kanwal Fatima Khalil  , Aisha Shafique  , Sara Duad  , Asma Ambreen  , Shomaila Awan
Published: July 2022

Objective:Â To determine the outcome of high intensity non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (HI-NPPV) as compared to low intensity non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (LI-NPPV) in patients with acute COPD exacerbations.
Methodology: This Randomized controlled trial Department of PulmonologyFauji Foundation Hospital Rawalpindi from Â 31st December 2016 to 30thJune 2017. Arterial blood gases will be taken at admission. If values of pH and paCO2 meet the criteria for non-invasive ventilation then patients will be enrolled in the study. Patients will be randomly divided into two groups by lottery method. GROUP A and GROUP B. GROUP A will receive high intensity NIV (HI-NPPV) and GROUP B will receive low intensity NIV (LI-NPPV) by TRIOLOGY machine. Expiratory positive airway pressure (EPAP) will remain between 4 to 6 cmH2O.Â  Arterial blood gases (ABGs) will be done at baseline and then 72 hours after admission. Improvement in PaCO2, HCO3, and FEV1 will be recorded 72 hours from baseline and collected on proforma (attached).
Results:Â Mean age (years) in the study was 55.54+3.81. There were 08 male patients included the study meeting the inclusion criteria. Of these, 05 and 03 male patients among both the groups respectively. Similarly, there were 92 female patients included the study meeting the inclusion criteria, of these, 45 and 47 female patients among both the groups respectively. Outcome of the study was assessed in terms of mean PaCO2 (mmHg), HCO3 (mmol/L) and FEV1 at baseline and after 72 hours. Mean PaCO2, HCO3 and FEV1 at baseline was 64.87+5.22, 33.75+4.17 and 0.66+0.04 respectively. After 72 hours, mean PaCO2 (mmHg) , HCO3(mmol/L), and FEV1 among both the groups was 63.98+6.58 vs 41.46+2.40, 33.10+4.81 vs 23.12+2.01, 0.66+0.05 vs 0.72+0.04 with following P value of (0,000, 0.000, 0.000) respectively.
Conclusion: High intensity non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (HI-NPPV) has no different outcome as compared to low intensity non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (LI-NPPV) in patients with acute COPD exacerbations.
Immuno Histochemical Expression of CD10 OR CA19.9 in Urinary Bladder Transitional Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Ramzan Rehana , Farwa Umm-e- , Niaz Mahwish , Bangash Kashif , Taj Zainab , Salim Hassan , Hassan Mumtaz
Published: July 2022

Objectives: To determine the frequency of immunohistochemical expression of CD10 and CA19.9 in patients with papillary urothelial carcinoma of the bladder in accordance with the WHO 2004 grading of the tumor.
Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Foundation University Medical College Islamabad, from October 2017 to October 2018. Seventy-five patients from both genders, aged 40 to 80 years, undergoing trans urethral resection of bladder tumors to diagnose papillary urothelial bladder were included in our study. The data were analyzed with SPSS version 17. Immunohistochemical processing was performed and the results were interpreted by the consultant pathologist for the expression of CD10 and CA19.9 on transitional cell carcinoma with respect to the 2004 grading of the tumor.
Results: age range in this study was from 40 to 80 years with a mean age of 52.60 Â± 7.60 years. Out of these 75 patients,Â 39 (52.0%) were male and 36 (48.0%) were female, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.1:1. The frequency of positive expression of CD10 and CA19.9 on immunohistochemistry in patients with papillary urothelial carcinoma of the bladder was found in 41 (54.67%)Â and 39 (52.0%) cases, respectively. It was seen that positive CD10 expression was found in 12 (31.58%) low grade tumors and in 24 (63.16%) high grade tumors. Positive CA19.9 expression was found in 29 (78.38%) low grade tumors and 15 (40.54%) high grade tumors.
Conclusion:Â  The study concluded that there was a slightly increased expression of CD10 in transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder compared with CA19.9. However, high-grade urothelial carcinomas showed increased expression of CD10 in contrast to low-grade urothelial carcinomas, which revealed increased positive expression of CA19.9.
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Accuracy of MRI in Diagnosis of Invasive Placenta by Taking Per Operative Findings as Gold Standard
Authors: Talha Muhammad , Awan Muhammad Wasim , Ahmad Mashkoor , Kamal Mahjabeen Mahmood , Usmani Naila Nasir , Mumtaz Hassan
Published: July 2022

Objective: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in detecting invasive placentas using per-operative findings as the gold standard.Methodology: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the diagnostic radiology department of KRL General Hospital Islamabad during Oct 2019 to Sep 2021. Sixty prenatal individuals were identified as having a high risk of invasive placenta and underwent MRI (Phillips 1.5 T) to confirm the diagnosis. A trainee radiologist and a consultant radiologist reviewed the images. The MRI's sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy was calculated using a 2Ã—2 contingency tables.
Results: Ten cases of invasive placenta were detected postoperatively (gold standard). The MRI had a sensitivity of 90%, a specificity of 93%, a positive predictive value of 90%, a negative predictive value of 90%, and an accuracy of 92.3 percent, respectively.
Conclusion: The study concluded that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers a good diagnostic accuracy and is a reproducible technology for prenatal identification of invasive placentas.
Locking Versus Non-Locking Miniplates in the Treatment of Mandibular Fractures in Above 35 Years Age Patients
Authors: Faheem Ahmed Pirwani  , Hamza Hassan Mirza  , Maria Tahir  , Muhammad Umar Farooq  , Zahoor Ahmed Rana  , Wajeeha Walayat
Published: July 2022

Objective: To compare the frequency of short term post-operative infection of locking plates versus non-locking plate in mandibular fractures in patients above 35 years of age.
Methodology: A randomized controlled study was conducted at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad from January 2018 to January 2019, involving a 100 patients (50 patients in each group). On the basis of history, clinical features, orthopantomogram (OPG) and intraoperative findings, the diagnosis of mandibular fractures was established. Group A patients were treated with reduction and fixation of fracture with locking miniplates and miniscrews following champyâ€™s principle of osteosynthesis. Whereas in group B patients, fractures were reduced and fixed with non-locking miniplates and miniscrews following champyâ€™s principle of osteosynthesis.
Results: Effect modifiers such as age, gender, and type of fracture were controlled by stratification. A post-stratification chi-square test was applied. The 1 patient that had infection in group A had an age range 50- 65 years (53 years) (P value: 0.197) while the 2 patients that had infection in group B were younger in age range of 35-50 years (36 years and 38 years) (P value: 0.322). The 1 patient who had infection in group A was female (P value: 0.043) while the 2 patients of group B who had infection were also females (P value: 0.027). In group A, only 1 patient had infection at the para-symphysis of mandible according to site (P value: 0.494). In group B, 1 patient had infection at para-symphysis of mandible and 1 at the body of the mandible site (P value: 0.599).Â  The results were not statistically significant in terms of infection by the end of 3rd week.
Conclusion: The study concludes that insignificant post-operative infection rates while managing mandibular fractures either by locking plates or non-locking plates.Â
Association of Skeletal Muscle Strength and Body Fat Distribution on Pulmonary Functions
Authors: Abdul Rahman Mohammed Alhowikan
Published: July 2022

Objectives: The body's muscle strength and fat distribution are essential for a normal, healthy life.Â  This study aimed to assess a link between pulmonary function tests, upper and lower extremity muscular strength, and body fat distribution in Saudi males.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of physiology at the College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A total of 106 participants were invited, ranging from 20-47 years old. The participants were divided into three groups, with ages ranging from 20-29 years old, 30-39 years old, and 40â€“47 years old. The handgrip and thigh muscle strength was assessed using isometric dynamometry. Pulmonary function tests were performed according to the American Thoracic Society's guidelines and recommendations.
Results: There was no significant difference between the three age groups in upper and lower limb muscle strength. The handgrip strength was stable from 20 to 47 years, ranging from 37 to 39. The thigh muscle strength was not affected by age among the three age groups. Skinfold measurement of the upper body showed no significant differences in biceps and triceps. However, skinfold measurements of subscapular and supra iliac were different significantly.
Conclusion: There was no association between the age groups in upper and lower limbs muscle strength. Itâ€™s suggested that further large studies will be conducted to explore the findings and reach better conclusions.
Association of Quantitative ST- Segment Depression with Early Mortality among Naive Patients of Non- ST- Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Ghulam Farid Shah  , Shahid Hussain Memon  , Ambreen Haidar  , Aijaz Ahmed Memon  , Mashooque Ali Dasti  , Tabbasum Almas
Published: July 2022

Objective: To determine the association of quantitative STâ€“ segment depression with early mortality within 30 day in patients with first non-ST â€“ segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS).
Methodology: This descriptive case series study was conducted at the cardiology department of LUMHS, from October 2016 to March 2017. Patients with NSTE-ACS and positive cardiac biomarkers, patients older than 25 years and both genders admitted to CCU were included. The ST-Segment depression was assessed on 12 lead electrocardiography. The ST segment is the line that starts from the end of the QRS complex (J wave) to the beginning of the T wave. Normally ST segment is straight line and, isoelectric to base line, ST segment depressed below isoelectric line is said ST depression, down sloping or flat depressed ST segments indicate coronary ischemia, more than 0.5 mm ST depression significant for ischemia. All patients were followed for 30-days for early mortality. All information obtained was recorded on the study Performa.
Results: A total of 148 cases with acute myocardial infarction were integrated; the patient's average age was achieved as, 42.5Â±5.43 years, and males were in the majority 96(64%). On electrocardiography, ST-Segment depression was found in 60.13%, which is further divided into 0.5mm, >0.5-0.9 mm, >1-1.9 mm, and >2 mm with percentages of 12.83%, 22.29%, 16.89%, and 8.12%, respectively. Short term mortality was significantly associated with the severity of ST segment depression score (p-value 0.001).
Conclusions: In the study conclusion, the severity of ST-Segment depression score was observed to be significantly correlated with short term mortality (30-day) in cases with early NSTE-ACS.