bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
浅析经济责任审计与财务收支审计比较
Authors: 朱 蕾
Published: August 2018

当前，中国对经济责任审计与财务收支审计越来越重视，并且社会各界人士对其期望也变得越来越高。但是，对于经济责任审计与财务收支审计二者之间既有联系又有区别，只有正确的掌握二者的关系，才能进一步推动中国审计工作的发展。因此，在这一背景下，文章对经济责任审计与财务收支审计比较进行详细分析。首先，文章对经济责任审计与财务收支审计定义进行了简要的概述，其次总结了经济责任审计与财务收支审计二者的相同点，最后对经济责任审计与财务收支审计进行了相应的比较，详细分析了经济责任审计与财务收支审计的不同。
试分析公共管理创新思维发展的机遇与挑战
Authors: 王 慧娟
Published: August 2018

公共管理是管理学中非常重要的一部分，将政府作为核心建立公共部门，在管理中可以对政治、经济等多种手段综合进行应用，最终期望能够达到政府治理水平提高和公共利益提升的双效果。在时代发展之下，全球一体化以及经济的一体化都在逐渐地增强，公共管理的作用以及重要性正在逐渐的被越来越多的人所知道以及认可。
企业人力资源管理对人事档案管理工作的新要求
Authors: 徐 娟
Published: August 2018

当前，人力资源管理工作作为企业发展的一项基本的工作，其在企业正常运营以及扩大规模等方面有着重要的作用。但是，由于人事档案管理工作中时常出现问题，进而严重影响了企业人力资源管理工作的进行。在这一背景下，论文对企业人力资源管理对人事档案管理工作的新要求进行详细探究。首先，论文对企业人力资源管理对人事档案管理工作的新要求进行了简要的概述，而后总结了当前人事档案管理工作存在的问题，最后针对这一些问题提出了几点针对性策略。
Qué es y no es diseño industrial
Authors: Yate Arévalo Abdénago
Published: August 2018

El artículo reflexiona sobre el concepto diseño industrial y su percepción de aplicación, y por ende sus impactos en los procesos de aprendizaje enseñanza, que generan confusiones o ambigüedades en los imaginarios colectivos; para ello se toman los límites de otras disciplinas con las que se

tienen características similares, que de una u otra manera han sido abordadas por los diseñadores industriales sin la debida especialización; así lograr limitar el diseño industrial, desde los límites de las otras disciplinas. En consecuencia, se presenta una alternativa de conceptualización del diseño industrial, con el fin de visibilizar su especialización y sus relaciones interdisciplinares para el desarrollo de proyectos.
La igualdad como punto de partida
Authors: Albino Airasca Daniel
Published: August 2018

La igualdad es punto de partida para alcanzar la emancipación intelectual. Igualdad que solo puede ser garantizada si se observan modos pedagógicos que distribuyan el poder, esto es, modos democráticos. Forma de relación áulica rizomática, que habilita una circulación de intensidades, de flujo de deseos, de palabra y de acción. Los procedimientos democráticos son maneras de enfrentar al poder disciplinar de los procedimientos autoritarios por medio de otra disciplina, otros espacios, otros tiempos, otra autoridad, otros vínculos. Los procedimientos democráticos se hacen indispensables para el mismo proceso de cambio social, y el cambio social se convierte en condición previa de una política que se mueve en la dirección de un orden social menos jerárquico, más radical, más democrático.
Multiculturalism: An asset or a problem? Implications for intercultural education
Authors: Babaii Esmat
Published: August 2018

In the present article, I will examine the discourse and practices of multiculturalism as an alleged emancipatory aspect of contemporary social life. I will argue why a “one world, many peoples” doctrine has proved to be a far-fetched dream on many occasions. To do so, I will first review the ideals of multiculturalism and then will discuss how these very ideals are, at times, violated through a discriminatory treatment and representation of multicultural “others” in the Western communication media and organizations. The article, however, does not intend to depict a dystopia. Rather, the possibilities to arrive at tolerant heterogeneous communities will also be explored and ideas to promote successful intercultural communication and education will be put forward.
“Turn that frown upside-down”: A contextual account of emoticon usage on different virtual platforms.
Authors: Kaye Linda Katherine , Wall Helen Joanne , Malone Stephanie Ann
Published: August 2018

Evidence highlights the prevalent usage of emoticons within digital forms of textual communication and the impact on the recipient. However, little evidence demonstrates the interpersonal functions for the user and whether this varies as a product of virtual platform. This formed the basis for the current study in which participants (N = 92) provided open-ended accounts of their reasons for using emoticons across three virtual platforms (email, text message, and social networking site), and their general emoticon usage across these. Responses revealed a number of themes on reasons for emoticon usage. The first was; “aiding personal expression”, with sub-themes of; “establishing emotional tone”; and “to lighten the mood”. Other themes were “reducing ambiguity of discourse” and “appropriateness of context”. Overall, there was consistency across platforms, on both the personal and interpersonal functions which emoticons served. However, some disparity was identified as email platforms were deemed inappropriate for emoticon use, regardless of the fact that emoticons were recognised as important emotional aids for communication. Taken together these findings highlight the importance of emoticon usage for the user, through a contextual lens to recognise the influential factors upon these behaviours and the implications this has for digital text-based communication. In this regard, this contributes further conceptualisation of one aspect of hyperpersonal communication within virtual interactions, and how different platforms may permit these self-presentational efforts to a greater or lesser extent.
Reconceptualising the link between screen- time when gaming with physical activity and sedentary behaviour
Authors: Kaye Linda Katherine , Levy Andrew R.
Published: August 2018

With public health concerns surrounding rates of sedentary behaviour, there is often speculation on the role of screen time (in which “computer gaming” is commonly encompassed) as a key contributor to this epidemic. We argue that these assertions are based upon a number of problematic assumptions. Particularly, the notion that screen-time necessitates inactivity or sedentary behaviour, can be refuted based on the empirical literature. Additionally, digital gaming as one so-called problematic screen-time behaviour consists a failed assumption that all games proffer equivalent physical affordances. We argue that these assumptions should be revisited, in which a reconceptualisation of screen-time activities (with specific reference to gaming) and its link with inactivity and/or sedentary behaviour should be a key agenda. Within this, we introduce a conceptual model of how this may be realised, with the intention that this may offer a practical guide for researchers, and indeed health professionals in this field
Exploring flow experiences in cooperative digital gaming contexts
Authors: Kaye Linda Katherine
Published: August 2018

Given the social nature of digital gaming, an investigation into social processes underpinning the experiences within social contexts of play is greatly warranted. The current research explored the underpinnings of “group flow” within cooperative-based gaming. In particular, this was intended to provide insight into the social processes which facilitate flow experiences in these contexts. This was achieved through a questionnaire in which gamers (N = 76) provided retrospective open-ended accounts of flow during cooperative gaming. Additionally, quantitative data was obtained on flow and post-gameplay mood within this experience, as well as in solo gaming for comparative analysis. Thematic analysis of the qualitative responses revealed a number of factors which determined the experience of flow. These were; effective communication and team-work and task relevant knowledge of group members. Additionally, although flow was found to be lower in cooperative versus solo gaming, no differences in post-gameplay mood were observed. These findings aid conceptual development of facilitators of group flow in cooperative gaming, with insights into how this may extend to other cooperative activities. Additionally, they also provide new practical insight for representatives in the gaming industry on how gaming may be developed with the aim of promoting positive shared group experiences.
English Learning Needs of the Biology Education Department Students
Authors: Tindjabate Riana Agustin
Published: August 2018

The purpose of this study is to describe learning needs of the students of Biology Education Department on the English learning. The research was conducted at the Christian University of Tentena particularly in the Biology Education Department. The research subjects were 24 students who acted as research participants. The data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires of the 25-BioSNEL to 24 participants. Data from the research showed that students of Biology Education Department of the Christian University of Tentena needed knowledge about the terms of English used in the field of biology education and for training English speaking students desperately needed exercises that teach them how to use the English vocabulary in daily conversation. The research concluded that the teaching of English in the field of biology education should be more focused on learning about the vocabulary and terms in the field of biology as well as learning about how to use the English vocabulary in conversation.
Statistical Power for Longitudinal Developmental Trajectories: The (Non-)Impact of Age Matching within Measurement Occasions
Authors: Lane Sean Patrick , Kelleher Bridgette Lynne
Published: August 2018

Recruiting participants for studies of early-life longitudinal development is challenging, often resulting in practical upper bounds in sample size and missing data due to attrition. These factors pose risks for the statistical power of such studies. One mitigation strategy is to increase measurement precision by conducting assessments of children as close to a fixed chronological age as possible. We present simulation analyses that illustrate how such practices are only sometimes useful. Simulations were conducted using results from two studies of longitudinal development. Data were generated according to both continuous and discrete developmental processes and factorially analyzed treating time on either interval, ordinal, or categorical scales. The power to detect continuously generated developmental processes was robust to, and even benefited from, increased variability around target ages. For discrete processes, power was unaffected when modeled appropriately, but declined steadily if modeled using exact chronological age on an interval scale. Our results suggest that in many circumstances, researchers may be unnecessarily devoting resources toward minimizing age sampling variability in their studies. In fact, when the theoretical developmental process is continuous, increasing the age sampling variability of assessments can be associated with substantial gains, rather than reductions, in power.
Insight regarding the presence of antagonism-related traits and their subsequent impairment in relation to psychopathy, narcissism, and Machiavellianism
Authors: Sleep Chelsea , Miller Josh , Lynam Donald , Campbell William Keith
Published: August 2018

Clinical theory is critical of the notion that individuals can acknowledge the presence, severity, and impact of clinical symptoms and pathological traits (Oltmanns & Powers, 2012); however, empirical work has found moderate self-other convergence for reports of pathological traits and for antagonism-related personality disorder (PD) constructs (i.e., psychopathy, narcissism, and Machiavellianism), which are characterized by low insight. Nevertheless, empirical examinations of insight into perceptions of impairment is scant. Thus, the present study sought to examine individuals’ insight regarding pathological traits and related impairment in two samples. In Sample 1, more psychopathic, narcissistic, and Machiavellian individuals reported higher actual levels of pathological traits and were aware of related impairment. In Sample 2, individuals reported higher actual levels of pathological traits and, albeit to a lesser degree, more Antagonism-related impairment. Thus, more psychopathic, narcissistic, and Machiavellian individuals possess a reasonable degree of insight into their actual trait levels and associated impairment.
The Economics of Vivax Malaria Treatment
Authors: Devine Angela
Published: August 2018

The control and eventual elimination of malaria will require widescale adoption of strategies to ensure early diagnosis and highly effective treatment of infected individuals. In Plasmodium vivax, multiple relapse episodes can only be averted by treating the dormant liver stage of the parasite life cycle - a strategy known as radical cure. This thesis aims to investigate key factors determining treatment-seeking behaviour and costs associated with vivax malaria, how these influence healthcare decisions, the cost-effectiveness of screening tests and treatments for radical cure, and the cost-benefit implications of their global implementation.Treatment-seeking behaviour, assessed in Papua, Indonesia, demonstrated that household costs per person seeking treatment for vivax malaria were similar to those for falciparum malaria. Switching from ineffective to effective malaria treatment in the public sector improved the behaviour of patients and both public and private healthcare providers. Diagnostic strategies were investigated on the Thai-Myanmar border, where screening for glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency prior to radical cure reduced the disease burden while being a cost-effective option for healthcare providers that do not use radical cure and a potentially cost-saving alternative where primaquine is prescribed without screening. The costs of implementing G6PD screening were collected in three countries, and highlighted that RDTs consistently reduced costs as compared to the widely-used fluorescent spot test. Across four countries, the indirect cost due to lost productivity was the largest cost component for households of patients with vivax malaria. After combining provider and patient costs with case estimates, the global economic burden of vivax malaria was estimated to be US\$330 million per year. Adopting a policy of screening for G6PD deficiency with delivery of highly effective radical cure was projected to save US\$45 million.P. vivax malaria causes a large economic burden that can be reduced substantially by delivering safe and effective radical cure.
Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infection: Prevalence, Microbiological Profile and Antibiogram at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Karkee Prashamsa , Dhital Devi , Madhup Surendra Kumar , Sherchan Jatan Bahadur
Published: August 2018

Background: Catheter associated Urinary tract infections (CAUTI) are the most common nosocomial infection. Though urinary tract catheterization is an important aspect of medical care, its inappropriate use may lead to significant morbidity and mortality, increased hospitalization and financial burden. This study was carried out to identify the etiological agents of UTI and its antibiogram among inpatients with indwelling catheters.Methods: A total of 136 urine samples were collected over a period of 10 months. Microscopic and macroscopic examinations were performed. Isolation, identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by standard microbiological methods. Statistical analysis of data was done by chi-square test.Results: Out of the 136 patients, 17 (12.5%) developed catheter-associated UTI. Development of significant bacteriuria was not affected by sex, age, urine pH or antibiotic intake however there was significant association be-tween significant pyuria and significant bacteriuria (p<0.001). E coli accounted for 35.3% followed by Klebsiella spp and Enterococcus spp. Cotrimoxazole was the most effective amongst antibiotics tested followed by Nitrofurantoin . Gram negative bacteria were least sensitive to Ampicillin.Conclusion: This study suggests urine culture and sensitivity should be done among the catheterized patients on regular basis. Unnecessary urethral catheterization should be avoided to reduce catheter-related complications.
Stem Cell Therapy: Promises versus Challenges
Authors: Singh Arambam Giridhari
Published: August 2018

Not available.Journal of Nobel Medical CollegeVolume 7, Number 1, Issue 12, January-June 2018, I-iii
Self-care activities among patients with diabetes attending a tertiary care hospital in Biratnagar, Nepal
Authors: Thapa Dejina
Published: August 2018

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a complex disease and has emerged the worldwide. Self care management is very important to control and prevent from complications. Although it can be preventable by adopting the healthy numerous skills and health education. Method and Materials: A cross-sectional study of 141 patients with >1-year duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) were interviewed at Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital using a non-probability sampling technique to select the sample between October 2017 -January 2018 to respond the diabetic self care questionnaire. For the analysis the descriptive statistics was used. T test and anova were used for the association between the variables. Result: A total of 141 diabetic were participated in the study, in which 50.4% were male and 49.6% female. Among the respondents 27% were in the age group below 50 years, 50.4% were illiterate, 42.6 % were overweight and most of the respondents had duration of disease between 1 to 5 years. The mostly performed self care activities were foot care whereas least was blood sugar monitoring. The mean score of self care behavior of respondents was 53.56 ± 4.48. Among them 50.4% of respondents had self care behavior below 69.5% i.e. had poor practice and 78% scored 69.5% and above 49.6% i.e. had good practice. The obtained results showed that there is significant association of self care behavior with age, education level, occupation and age at diagnosis but not with sex.Conclusion: The scenario of self care activities in some areas were found not up to the mark. So health personnel should provide education to the people with diabetes as it has significant benefit with regard to have better quality of life and prevention of complications.Journal of Nobel Medical CollegeVolume 7, Number 1, Issue 12, January-June 2018, Page: 11-17
Trial of Vaginal Birth After Caesarean (VBAC): Sharing Experience From a Tertiary Care Center of Eastern Nepal
Authors: Pokhrel Ghimire Sita , Ghimire Ashima , Pokharel Aruna , Lamichhane Sabina , Kumar Mahanand
Published: August 2018

Background: Rising rates of cesarean section is a matter of great concern and trial of labor in previous cesarean section women is an attractive alternative. Vaginal Birth After Caesarean (VBAC) may be one of the strategy developed to control the rising rate of cesarean deliveries in our country. Analyzing outcome of previous caesarean pregnancies will provide an insight for reducing the caesarean rates and formulating protocols and policies for trial of labor. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the pregnancy outcome in previous caesarean section women with VBAC trial with the hope of avoiding unnecessary repeat caesarean section rates. Methodology: It is a cross-sectional observational institute based study carried out in Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital from 15th March 2017 to 14th March 2018 after the approval from Institutional Review Committee (IRC). This consists of patient with past history of cesarean section, who delivered in NMCTH during the study period and meeting the Royal College of Obstetrics and Gynecology (RCOG) inclusion criteria for VBAC. Feto-maternal outcomes were analysed. Results: There were 1225 previous cesarean cases, among them, we did VBAC trial in 135(11%) patients, 99 (73.33%) had successful vaginal delivery whereas 36(26.66%) could not do the same after labor trial. Feto-maternal outcome was better in VBAC patients than cesarean group.No maternal and neonatal mortality occurred. Conclusion: In the country like ours where rate of caesarean section is increasing alarmingly we have to try VBAC in appropriate group of patients. National policy and guidelines are necessary after large multicenter prospective studies. Journal of Nobel Medical College Volume 7, Number 1, Issue 12, January-June 2018, Page: 18-25
Conversations with...Hannah Jones
Authors: Hinterberger Amy , Hinterberger Amy
Published: August 2018

Hannah Jones has conducted research on multiculture and multiculturalism, local government policy-making, community cohesion policy, migration policy, voluntary and community sector organising, regeneration and urban studies, and diversity and inequality. She is currently leading one of the first research projects funded by the ESRC Urgency Grants Mechanism, entitled '"Go Home": Mapping the unfolding controversy of Home Office Immigration Campaigns', working with colleagues at six other universities across the UK.
Realising the Pedagogical Potential of Multilingual Pre-service Primary Teachers
Authors: Coleman Jackie , Coleman Jacqueline
Published: August 2018

This paper reports on a small, qualitative study undertaken by an early career researcher in an Australian university into the meanings which multilingual and bilingual pre-service teachers attach to their linguistic ‘funds of knowledge’ (Moll, Amanti, Neff and Gonzalez, 1992) in relation to their university studies, and to their emerging identities as teachers. Current pedagogical best practice in Australia indicates that drawing on students’ existing funds of knowledge in teaching and learning results in increased intellectual quality, such as higher order thinking skills, and higher academic outcomes. However, the participants in this study did not conceptualise their linguistic abilitiesas having any value in relation to their higher education. They also appeared to tacitly accept reported institutional and pedagogical practices,which marginalisedthese abilities both as tools for learning and for informing their developing identities as teachers.  On the basis of these findings, broad preliminary recommendations are made as to how the learning experiences of bilingual andmultilingual pre-service primary teachers, and of their monolingual peers, may be improved at this university.The study’s findings point to the need for a larger-scale research study into this under-investigated aspect of pre-service teacher education in Australia. Photo credit: By Fluss (Own work) [GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html) or CC-BY-SA-3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
Four key reasons why climate change adaptation and mitigation need a gendered approach
Authors: Sarrouy Carla , Sarrouy Carla
Published: August 2018

Climate change is having a growing impact on every human activity, especially on agriculture with altered rainfall patterns and an increased number and intensity of extreme weather events. This article argues that efforts to mitigate and adapt to climate change must consider whole food systems – rather than the sole production of food – whilst embracing a conscious gendered approach. Women are the main victims of hunger, but they are also the main actors of global food systems, they greatly contribute to their household’s and community’s wellbeing and detain a rich and often untapped knowledge of food systems. Promoting the role of women in our global food systems enhances the inclusion of criteria mainly valued by women such as resilience, diversity and nutrition, which are paramount for climate change mitigation and adaptation. Photo credit: By OxFam East Africa [CC-BY-2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
From the Advent of Multiculturalism to the Elision of Race: The Representation of Race Relations in Disney Animated Features (1995-2009)
Authors: Benhamou Eve , Benhamou Eve
Published: August 2018

As one of the most powerful purveyors of entertainment in the world, the Disney company has produced blockbuster films, including animated features that have enjoyed enduring popularity. Reflecting and shaping to some extent American popular culture and ideology, they have left vivid images in our memory. Arguably, one of Disney’s most ubiquitous symbol is the beautiful white princess. The representation of race relations in Disney films has always been problematic, sometimes sparking heated debates: non-white characters were either absent or stereotypically portrayed. Nonetheless, in parallel with the advent of multiculturalism in the 1990s, a series of films have foregrounded a new approach on these portrayals, the most notable being Pocahontas (1995), Atlantis (2001), and The Princess and the Frog (2009). In this article, I will examine the evolution of the representation of race, focusing on the film texts and their historical and cultural context, production history, and critical reception. I will argue that the apparent messages of tolerance and promotion of multiculturalism were accompanied and slowly replaced by a colour-blind erasure of race.
‘Interrupted Interviews’: listening to young people with autism in transition to college
Authors: Shepherd Jacqui , Shepherd Jacqui
Published: August 2018

This article examines the methodological approaches used in a research project that investigated the lived experiences of young people with autism as they made the transition from special schools to mainstream colleges of Further Education. A combination of visual methods using iPad applications and walking interviews were explored in an attempt to develop ways of engaging young people with autism in research and to privilege their voice in their own transition. The strengths and challenges of these methods are examined here and illustrated through the experience and responses of one young person in the study and his engagement with the research.
Inequality in Education – Innovation in Methods: Reflections and Considerations
Authors: Dytham Siobhan , Rowell Carli Ria , Dytham Siobhan , Rowell Carli Ria
Published: August 2018

Against a backdrop of metamorphosis in the UK educational landscape and the increased focus on ‘innovation’ in research funding and postgraduate programmes, a conference entitled ‘Inequality in Education – Innovation in Methods’ (IEIM) was held at the University of Warwick in November 2014 to offer space to reflect on ‘inequality in education’ as a field of research and the impact, and future prospect for ‘innovation in method’ in this field. This article offers reflections and considerations based on the IEIM conference and the articles contained in the resulting special section published in this journal. The article argues that innovation in methods offers new and exciting directions in terms of increased understanding of inequality in education. The article also discusses the possibilities that innovative methods offer in terms of including a wider range of participants in research and increasing opportunities for participants to be involved with the research process and communicate effectively. The article ends with some ethical considerations in relation to new and innovative research methods before drawing to a conclusion.
Emerging Nanomaterials for Healthcare – An Interdisciplinary Conference at the University of Warwick
Authors: Robin Mathew P. , Davies Gemma-Louise , Robin Mathew P. , Davies Gemma-Louise
Published: August 2018

“Emerging Nanomaterials for Healthcare”, a one-day conference held at the University of Warwick on 28 November 2014, brought together over 80 academics, postgraduates and industrialists from 17 institutions and organisations from across the UK. The aim of the meeting was to provide an interdisciplinary forum to discuss research towards solving current problems in healthcare using “smart” treatments based on nanomaterials. In addition to stories of success, an emphasis was also placed on lessons learned, as well as visions for future directions in this rapidly expanding field. Seven speakers and over twenty poster presentations directed discussion throughout the day, while the meeting closed with an interactive panel discussion.
Tokens, Writing and (Ac)counting: A Conversation with Denise Schmandt-Besserat and Bill Maurer
Authors: Wilding Denise , Rowan Clare , Maurer Bill , Schmandt-Besserat Denise , Wilding Denise , Rowan Clare , Maurer Bill , Schmandt-Besserat Denise
Published: August 2018

In her foundational study of Neolithic clay tokens, the renowned archaeologist Denise Schmandt-Besserat identified that different token shapes represented different goods and were used in accounting and distribution. When these tokens came to be stored in sealed clay envelopes (likely representing a debt), each token was impressed on the outside of the envelope before being placed inside (thus allowing people to see quickly what was within). Three-dimensional objects were thus reduced to two-dimensional representations, the first form of writing (and contributing to cuneiform script). These clay envelopes in turn developed into pictographic tablets; here each token did not have to be impressed into the clay in a 'one, one, one' system, but instead quantity was indicated by a numerical symbol - abstract number was born. Much of Schmandt-Besserat’s work can be found online at https://sites.utexas.edu/dsb/. Her book ‘How Writing Came About’ was listed by American Scientist magazine as one of the 100 books that shaped science in the 20th century, and she remains an active expert on all things ‘token’.
Ph.D. Researchers in a Changing World: A Self-Critical Reflection of the CES Conference 2017
Authors: Darracott Alexander James , Darracott Alexander James
Published: August 2018

The theme of this year’s Centre for Education Studies Interdisciplinary Postgraduate Conference, now in its fifth year, is 'Education in a Changing World'. I attended the conference as a paper presenter and a conference attendee. My personal goals were to develop confidence as an oral presenter, seek professional development opportunities, and engage critically and reflectively with my work and the work of others.  My relativist epistemological beliefs define knowledge as uncertain, context-bound, fallible, defeasible and therefore changeable, and are compatible with my personal goals. Both the goals and beliefs led to the adoption of knowledge co-constructor, communicator, and analyst roles.  Beliefs, goals and adopted roles led to the identification of points of fallibility in my own knowledge and understanding of the phenomenon of interest. Therefore, I formed a perspective of conferences as enabling and facilitating knowledge construction between presenter and audience. Being reflective, critical, adaptable, creative, intuitive, flexible, and open minded are key attitudinal attributes of postgraduates, leading to positive conference experiences and increased self-awareness of own emerging identity as a social scientist. Increasing self-awareness of own identity is important for graduates, as on a broader scale this assists in keeping pace with an ever-changing world.
Protective properties of health care materials influenced by the application conditions
Authors:   University of Zagreb Faculty of Textile Technology, Department of Clothing Technology, Croatia, Rogina-Car Beti , Kopitar Dragana ,   University of Zagreb Faculty of Textile Technology, Department of Textile Design and Management, Croatia, Schwarz Ivana ,   University of Zagreb Faculty of Textile Technology, Department of Textile Design and Management, Croatia
Published: August 2018

The aim of the paper is to investigate protective function changes of reusable fabrics used for standard (operations where these risks for penetration by liquids are lower) and high performance clothes (for operations with a high risk for penetration by liquids) after a certain number of washing and sterilisation cycles. The absorbency test method and test method of obtaining penetration, absorption and repellency indexes of fabrics, were used to create an impression about the protective function of health care fabrics after 10, 20, 30 and 50 cycles. Protective properties of fabrics used in hospitals for standard performance after real application (washing ans sterilization) have changed and it could affect the protection of medical workers. Therefore, it should take into consideration a period of use of fabrics intended for standard performance. The most important property for surgical gowns is repellency index, which for Laminate PES/PU/PES fabric, used for surgical gowns, is maximum and remains unchanged even after 50 washing and sterilization cycles, providing complete protection of medical workers.
How to deal with new challenges? Economic, technological and social aspects of the textile and clothing industry
Authors:   Economic Analyst, Croatia, Gavranovic Ante
Published: August 2018

Economic, financial and political development has strongly influenced on the textile industry, which accelerated the pace of change. In order to catch the pace it is necessary to take certain steps now or in the near future. The Far East countries record high economic growth, while other, mostly developed industrial countries growth has considerably declined. Consumer behaviour tends to restrain from purchasing of clothing products, raw material prices are growing and lack of raw materials on the market is noticeable. These trends are causing a certain amount of restlessness in the textile industry. The textile and clothing industry have their distinctive features visible in a manufacturing sector which dominantly depends on brand name firms that spread their business all over the world. Production mainly takes place in developing and fast growing countries, since their production destinations, working conditions and wages are most affordable. For example, about 90 % of clothing items sold in northern countries are produced in Eastern Europe or at the Far East. At the same time, in the northern countries, where most of clothing products are sold, manufacturing facilities of the clothing industry almost doesn’t exist.
Das Kaugummi: Geschmack, Raum und die ‘Schattenländer
Authors: Redclift Michael R.
Published: August 2018

Michael R. Redclif t: Chewing gum: taste, space and the ‘shadow-lands’. The history of chewing gum is significant for our understanding of changing boundaries between local and metropolitan cultures, and processes through which consumer cultures have become globalized. It also bears on current thinking about environmental issues, levels of personal consumption and international political economy. Behind the mass advertising and sophisticated marketing that characterised chewing gum’s early history, lay the invisible process of chicle tapping in Mexico and the colonization of the tropical forests of Yucatan. The traditional chicle provided the raw material for the mass consumption of a novel product in the first half of the 20th century. The invention of synthetic gum and its widespread use in the second half of the century turned turned this product into the iconic artefact and globaly consumed commodity as we know it today
Editorial: Kritik der Wirtschaftswissenschaften
Authors: Redaktion PROKLA
Published: August 2018

Die Finanzkrise der Jahre 2008/2009 und die folgende Wirtschaftskrise hat nicht nur die Ökonomie, sondern auch die herrschende ökonomische Theorie erschüttert . Weitgehend deregulierte Finanzmärkte, nach neoklassischer Lehre der Gipfel ökonomischer Effizienz, stürzten in kürzester Zeit in eine tiefe Krise. Nur durch umfangreiche staatliche Bürgschaften und Finanzspritzen für Großbanken – ganz im Widerspruch zu den bis dato weithin geteilten marktradikalen Glaubenssätzen – konnte ein weitgehender Zusammenbruch des internationalen Finanzsystems verhindert werden. Die analytische Hilflosigkeit der Neoklassik war angesichts der Krise offensichtlich, so manche Auftritte ihrer Vertreter wirkten nur noch peinlich. Angesichts der enormen Konjunkturprogramme, mit denen die USA, Deutschland und andere Staaten auf die Finanzmarkt- und Wirtschaftskrise reagierten, sahen manche Beobachter schon eine Renaissance des Keynesianismus am Horizont. In manchen Medien erinnerte man sich sogar wieder der Marxschen Theorie, die immer schon argumentiert hatte, dass Krisen notwendigerweise zum Kapitalismus gehören.
Feministische Ökonomie
Authors: Mader Katharina , Schultheiss Jana
Published: August 2018

Katharina Mader, Jana Schultheiss: Feminist Economics – Challenging MainstreamEconomics? The prevailing assumption that economics is inherently gender-neutral is notalways explicitly formulated, but is tacitly assumed. Economics does not only conceal thecategory of gender, both in its biological and social understanding, but also gender relations andthe corresponding power, domination and inequalities. However, economic theories are notgender-neutral, but based on androcentric values and world views. The examination herewithis an object of feminist economics. Gender-blind economics systematically underestimatesthe contributions of women to the economy. In particular, the entire area of unpaid work,social cohesion and interpersonal responsibility remains invisible, with no broader publicappreciation and no adequate attention within economic theory and economic policy. Thepaper contains an overview of the state of feminist economics, given its pluralistic characteristicsand common assumptions. It reflects upon the extent to which feminist economicscan provide answers and alternatives to the central points of criticism of orthodox economicsand its political implications
Institutionelle Verstetigung von paradigmatischer Ausrichtung
Authors: Hirte Katrin , Ötsch Walter
Published: August 2018

A central criticism of economics is that there exists a determinate, relatively monolithic approach: mainstream economics. A representative example is the „German Council of Economic Experts“ (Expert Councilfor the Assessment of the Macroeconomic Development, Sachverständigenrat, SVR) withfour mainstream members plus one dissenter, a „4 :1“ quota with institutionalized minorityrecognition. In this article we ask from a sociological and especially from a performative pointof view whether this quota will be reflected in the annual reports of SVR and whether it canbe found in structures in the scientific field as well, especially in textbooks and in appointmentpractices of its members.
Noch immer „Modell Deutschland“?
Authors: Röttger Bernd
Published: August 2018

The regulation of the economic crisis within German capitalism since 2008 seems to follow thebasic structures of the so-called „Modell Deutschland”: in industrial relations a corporatistarrangement between capital, state and labour tried to absorb the consequences of the crisis,and the traditional export industry supported the new economic growth since summer 2009.The article analyses the internal and external dynamics of its transition between structuralchange of the world economy and conditions of political decision-making since its proclamationin 1976. In conclusion today the German „Exportmodell” is no longer based on classcompromises in German society on the one hand and on European balances between interestsof economic stabilization and modernization on the other hand, but a force that is able toundermine alternative paths of economic development in Europe.
Ringen um den Regelsatz
Authors: Schröder Christian , Voigtlän Leiv Eirik
Published: August 2018

In 2010 the German constitutional courtobligated legislative and government to revaluate the rate of welfare payments. Hence a windowof opportunity opened for poor people’s movement activists to initiate a broad debateon scarce benefits in the German workfare regime of „Hartz IV” and to promote significantlyhigher benefits. We discuss the crucial factors of their campaign’s failure such as the weaknessof the hardly existing movement of the unemployed, the interests of parties and administration,and the important politico-economic function of „Hartz IV”.
Brauner Osten?
Authors: Lessenich Stephan
Published: August 2018

Keine Zusammenfassung
Kapitalismus als Religion?
Authors: Arndt Andreas
Published: August 2018

In 1921, Walter Benjamin wrote his seminal essay on “Capitalism as Religion” stating that capitalism is purely cultic, while missing elements of dogmatics, transcendence, and salvation. In recent years this text has received renewed attention. In his article, Andreas Arndt presents a short review of the recent debate and, unlike other authors, emphasizes that Benjamin refers more to anti-capitalist literary work and apocalyptic visions than to a marxist notion of capitalism and a framework of political economy.
Editorial: Energiekämpfe: Interessen, Kräfteverhältnisse und Perspektiven
Authors: Redaktion PROKLA
Published: August 2018

Editorial: Energiekämpfe: Interessen, Kräfteverhältnisse und Perspektiven
Total Eclipse of Work?
Authors: Animento Stefania , Di Cesare Giorgio , Sica Cristian
Published: August 2018

Contemporary capitalism is characterized by the expansion of the digital economy, in which new forms of exploitation and of value creation are taking place. In particular, in the gig economy cheap labour is organized and managed via digital platforms. While new forms of protest are also spreading, there is a lack of research on the ways workers of this sector are organizing in order to face hyper-exploitation and precarity. We analyse the case of the Foodora workers in Turin, who have been organizing protests and a strike in the past months. While Italian unions are slow in facing the challenges brought by the transformation of work since the end of Fordism, these and other precarious workers have been developing innovative forms of protests, including a new form of strike, which is much more autonomous than the Fordist one. We highlight some aspects of the Foodora protest, in particular the re-appropriation of public space and the misuse of the means of production, which are turned into weapons against the employer. Finally, we look closer at the property of algorithms as a key issue for future struggles in the digital economy.
Kritik als Ideologie
Authors: Reitz Tilman
Published: August 2018

This contribution discusses recent debates on the adequate form of ‘critique’ with a meta-critical intention. Since the partisans of academic critique typically fail to account for the effects of their own institutional embeddedness, their methodological reflections neutralize oppositional demands and turn political struggle into a scholastic exercise. In an extension of this analysis, the article aims to show how the academic class over-estimates its potential for bringing about liberating political change, how it falsely generalizes its own conditions of existence, and how it really contributes to the justification of capitalist power structures. The suspicion that recent populist attacks on the ‘elite’ have a fundament in progressive-liberal coalitions thus finds support in the practice of progressive discourse.
Rückkehr des Hauptwiderspruchs?
Authors: Dowling Emma , Van Dyk Silke , Graefe Stefanie
Published: August 2018

How to explain the relative success of the AfD in Germany, the presidential election of Donald Trump in the USA, the Brexit vote or the popularity of the Right in France and elsewhere in Europe? Moreover, why did the Left not see this authoritarian turn coming? One prominent suggestion has been that the Left abandoned the white working class, thereby becoming the inadvertent midwife of a right-wing resurgence. Significant blame for this is in turn apportioned to the emergence of ‘identity politics’. In this essay, the authors take issue with this line of argumentation and criticise some of the implicit assumptions they consider problematic in current debates on the Left regarding the relationship between gender, race, class and emancipatory politics. They argue that struggles against both neoliberalism and the New Right require intersectional analyses of contemporary global class relations that do not abandon the important achievements and insights of new and newest social movements.
150 Jahre „Kapital“ – und kein Ende
Authors: Heinrich Michael
Published: August 2018

This article discusses the conditions of a paradoxical reception of Marx’s ‘Capital’, which rests on a distorted classification of Marx’s critique of classical political economy as a last representative of this school. This article reveals some examples of an implicit critique in Marx’s arguments and discusses the question of what was really new in Marx’s theory of value and capital. Furthermore, the article presents some stereotypical examples of contemporary critiques of Marx and in conclusion sketches the unfinished state of ‘Capital’ and what we can expect from forthcoming publications in MEGA.
Ein Ende mit Schrecken – Frankreich nach den Wahlen
Authors: Syrovatka Felix
Published: August 2018

The presidential and parliamentary elections were a political earthquake for the French political system. While the two big parties experienced massive losses of political support, the rise of new political formations took place. Emmanuel Macron is not only the youngest president of the V. Republic so far, he is also the first president not to be supported by either one of the two biggest parties. This article argues that the election results are an expression of a deep crisis of representation in France that is rooted in the economic transformations of the 1970s. The article analyses the political situation after the elections and tries to give an outlook on further political developments in France.
Editorial: Natur, Ressourcen, Konflikte
Authors: Redaktion PROKLA
Published: August 2018

Editorial: Natur, Ressourcen, Konflikte: Kämpfe um die globaleInwertsetzung von Land und Rohstoffen
Für einen labour turn in der Umweltbewegung
Authors: Pye Oliver
Published: August 2018

Oliver Pye: For a labour turn in the environmental justice movement. Struggles over the social relations of nature and strategies for social-ecological transformation. This article discusses struggles in the social relations of nature and how these relate to strategies of socialecological transformation and calls for a labour turn in the environmental and climate justice movement. Taking the rapid changes to the social-ecological landscape of the Kapuas River in Indonesia as a starting point, it shows how this “accumulation by dispossession” is connected to a “corporate food regime” that is embedded within global “postfordist relations of nature”. I then argue that the global production networks linking appropriation to exploitation should themselves be viewed as alienated steps in the social metabolism with nature. Struggles against accumulation by dispossession need to connect to the labour movement, which holds the key to overcome the alienated work that lies at the heart of society’s alienation with nature.
Gewerkschaftliche Machtressourcen in landwirtschaftlichen Transformationsprozessen
Authors: Brunner Jan
Published: August 2018

This paper focuses on labor, trade unions and their bargaining power in agricultural transformation processes. I analyze the effects of the transformation of the sugarcane sector in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil, which led to increased unemployment, new forms of control over workers, a fragmentation of workers and to internal conflicts within unions. The power resources of manual and mechanized workers and of rural and transport worker unions were affected differently by those processes. Overall, the bargaining power and struggles of all workers and unions were weakened.
Autoritärer Populismus als neoliberale Krisenbewältigungsstrategie
Authors: Demirovic Alex
Published: August 2018

In his contribution, Alex Demirovi? uses the term authoritarian populism coined by Stuart Hall and understands it as a particular form of neoliberal crisis management. Similar to the Thatcherism that Hall had in mind, authoritarian populism in the current period is a policy pursued by parts of the power block. It does not contradict neoliberalism, but continues it by other means. As in the preceding phases of neoliberal politics, it is no longer a matter of hegemony, but of seeking to avoid concessions to the dominated classes.
1917: Erfahrung und Erinnerung
Authors: Haumann Heiko
Published: August 2018

1917: Erfahrung und Erinnerung. Was bleibt von derRussischen Revolution?
Wohnungspolitik in der Krise des Neoliberalismus in Berlin und Wien
Authors: Vollmer Lisa , Kadi Justin
Published: August 2018

Against the backdrop of rising housing problems and protests, the comparative paper asks to what extent a paradigmatic shift in housing policies towards greater decommodification of housing has been initiated in Berlin and Vienna. Recent housing policies in both cities are discussed and evaluated with reference to the emerging debate about post-neoliberalism in housing.