bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
حكم انتفاع اللقطات لبناء المسجد في الفقه الإسلامي
Authors: Milanda Milanda , Juhanis Hasan Bin , Abidin Zainal
Published: November 2024

هذا البحث يتحدث عن حكم بناء المسجد باللقطة، أما لب الموضوع الذي سيركز فيه الباحثة في هذا البحث: ١) ما حكم تملك اللقطات في الفقه الإسلامي ۲) ما حكم انتفاع اللقطات لبناء المسجد في الفقه الإسلامي. أما الطريقة في كتابة هذا البحث هي الدراسة المكتبية أي طريقة تعلم وتحليل المواد الموجودة من مصادر المكتبية كالكتب المقالات وغيرها مما يتعلق بحكم بناء المسجد باللقطة تحصل على المواد المعتبرة والمعتمدة ثم تجمع وتكتب وترتب في هذا البحث. ونتائج هذا البحث هي: ١) أن حكم التملك اللقطة لا يجوز إلا بعد التعريف مدة السنة إذا كانت اللقطة ذات قيمة كبيرة، أما إذا كانت قيمة اللقطة قليلة فلا بأس تملكها ٢) أن حكم انتفاع اللقطات لبناء المساجد جائز بعد تعريفها حولا، أما إذا كانت قيمتها قليلة فلا بأس انتفاعها والتصدق بها في المسجد، فتكون أجرا لصاحبها. Penelitian ini membahas tentang bagaimana hukum penggunaan barang temuan untuk pembangunan masjid dalam fiqih islam, adapun pokok masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah: 1) bagaimana hukum memiliki barang temuan dalam fikih islam. 2) bagaimana hukum pemanfaatan barang temuan untuk pembangunan masjid dalam fikih islam. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode pustaka yaitu penelitian dengan cara mengkaji dan menelaah data yang diperoleh dari sumber kepustakaan seperti buku-buku, makalah-makalah, artikel, dan lain sebagainya yang menyangkut masalah hukum pemanfaatan barang temuan untuk pembangunan masjid. Data-data yang diperoleh dari hasil telaah kepustakaan tersebut diolah dan disusun dan disimpulkan perspektif hukum Islam yang tepat terhadap masalah yang diteliti. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa; 1) Hukum memiliki barang temuan tidak diperbolehkan hingga telah diumumkan selama satu tahun jika luqatah dalam jumlah besar, adapun jika luqatah berjumlah kecil maka tidak mengapa memilikinya 2) hukum pemanfaatan barang temuan untuk pembangunan masjid diperbolehkan jika telah diumumkan selama satu tahun, akan tetapi jika jumlahnya sedikit boleh untuk disedekahkan, maka pemilik barang tersebut akan mendapatkan pahala.
المهر المعتبر في الفقه الإسلامي
Authors: Nurlina Nurlina , Hamzah Nur Asia , Yusuf A. Asdar
Published: November 2024

هذا البحث يتكلم في مسألة المهر وهي المهر المعتبر ومقداره في الفقه الإسلامي والأحكام المتعلقة بهما بالتفصيل من الأدلة الشرعية في ذلك وتحليلها مع بيانات وتعليقات العلماء وآراءهم فيها. وأما مشكلة البحث هي: 1) ما هو المهر المعتبر في الفقه الإسلامي؟ 2) ما هو مقدار المهر المعتبر في الفقه الإسلامي؟ ونوع هذا البحث هو بحث نوعي يتحدث عن المهر المعتبر ومقداره في الفقه الإسلامي، وأما طريقة البحث التي استخدمتها الباحثة هي الطريقة المكتبية على مرحلتين في إعدادها. المرحلة الأولى فهي جمع المواد المتعلقة بالموضوع من كتب العلماء والمقالات والرسالات العلمية المتعلقة به. والمرحة الثانية فهي تنظيم المواد بطريقة الإستقرائية ونقل كلام العلماء وترتيبه بعد المطالعة. ونتيجة هذا البحث هي أن المهر في الفقه الإسلامي هو ما أوجبه الله تعلى على الزوج لزوجته عند عقد النكاح نقدا كان أو قسطا، وللمهر شروط منها أن يكون مالا ذا قيمة في البيع وطاهرا يصح الانتفاع به وأن لا يكون من شيء حرام أو من شيء مجهول، ويصح أن يكون مهرا أيضا ما ينتفع به غير مال كأجرة في العمل أو الإجارة. والمهر ليس له مقدار معين لا في الأقل ولا فيما فوقه فيصح أن تطلب الزوجة من زوجها أقل ما يكون أو أكثر إذا كان الزوج قادر على ذلك. Penelitian ini berbicara tentang mahar yaitu mahar yang dibolehkan dan batasan mahar dalam Fikih Islam serta  hukum-hukum yang berkaitan dengannya secara terperinci dengan memaparkan dalil-dalil syar’i beserta penjelasan para ulama seputar permasalan tersebut. Adapun rumusan masalah pada penelitian ini yaitu 1) Apa mahar yang dibolehkan dalam Fikih Islam? 2) berapa batasan mahar dalam Fikih Islam ? Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif yang membahas tentang  mahar yang dibolehkan dan batasannya dalam Fikih Islam. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan penulis adalah metode penelitian pustaka dengan dua tahap dalam penyusunannya. Tahap pertama adalah mengumpulkan data-data yang terkait dengan judul melalui buku-buku para ulama, artikel dan makalah ilmiah yang berkaitan dengan masalah tersebut. Dan tahap kedua adalah menyusun data-data yang ada dengan cara membaca dan menukil perkataan para ulama serta mengaturnya setelah menela’ah. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwasanya dalam Fikih Islam mahar adalah pemberian yang Allah wajibkan kepada suami untuk istrinya ketika terjadi akad nikah secara tunai ataupun dangan berhutang. dan mahar memiliki beberapa syarat yaitu; mahar harus berupa harta yang memliki nilai jual lagi suci dan dapat dimanfaatkan serta bukan sesuatu yang haram atau tidak jelas keberadaannya, mahar juga bisa berupa sesuatu selain harta yang dapat diambil manfaat darinya seperti upah dalam pekerjaan atau sewa menyewa. Dan dalam Fikih Islam tidak ada batasan atau jumlah khusus dalam mahar, maka seorang istri boleh meminta mahar kepada suaminya sedikit atau banyak jika suaminya mampu untuk memberikan.
Poster: Is Hybrid Working Good for Health, Safety and Wellbeing? An Overview of Systematic Reviews
Authors: Gorjifard Roya , Crawford Joanne , Blumenfeld Stephen , Peace Christopher , Bowe Stephen
Published: November 2024

Hybrid working: Working from home or away from an employer’s location, part-time or full-time, using information technology (IT).
What do we know about the health and wellbeing of hybrid workers so far?
Behavioural Effects of High Doses of Psilocybin in Female Rats
Authors:   , Rocha Larissa
Published: November 2024

Depression and anxiety are two of the most predominant mental disorders and leading causes of disability. The World Health Organization estimated that 3.8% of the world's population suffers from depression, and between 0.4% and 3.6% have an anxiety spectrum diagnosis. Psychedelics, particularly psilocybin, have been extensively studied as new and promising treatments, showing long-lasting positive results when combined with psychotherapy for patients with depression and anxiety, among other disorders. However, pre-clinical trials investigating the precise neurobiological mechanisms underlying these results are still scarce, especially with female subjects. Additionally, emerging evidence suggests that hormonal fluctuations may influence the drug's efficacy, potentially providing a protective effect.

This study utilised adult female rats to examine the behavioural effects of high doses of psilocybin on locomotor activity and on depression and anxiety-like measures. Symptomatology was induced using either early maternal separation or a genetic reduction in the serotonin transporter. The open field (OFT) and affective disorders test (ADT) were employed to assess the effects of doses of 4, 8, or 16 mg/kg of psilocybin. Additionally, the effects of the phase of the oestrous cycle when animals were injected were evaluated. Results showed a significant effect of psilocybin on locomotion activity in the OFT 3 hours and 24 hours post-injection but not after 8 days. No robust effects on depression and anxiety-like measures were observed at any of the doses tested. However, trends were observed in both depression and anxiety-like measures with doses of 4 and 8mg/kg. Moreover, a preliminary evaluation in small groups revealed an interaction between treatment and the phase of the oestrous cycle, suggesting that female hormones might have some protective effect against the effects of the drug in depression-like measures.
Measures of State Support for SMEs in Small Tourist Towns
Authors:   Sochi State University, Sochi, Russia, Tsepilova E.S.
Published: November 2024

The relevance of choosing small tourist towns with a population of up to 50 thousand inhabitants as research objects in terms of supporting small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is explained by the difficulty of achieving financial self-sufficiency of these territorial entities. The subject of the study is the system of state support for SMEs in small tourist cities of Russia. The objectives of the work are to assess the current development of SMEs in small tourist towns, systematize measures and tools of state support for SMEs and develop proposals for their improvement. The hypothesis of the study is the assumption that small and medium-sized businesses are a catalyst for the economy of a small tourist city. The article combines the concepts of "small town", "tourist territory", "resort town", "small tourist town". As research methods, the article applied a systematic approach to the study of the characteristics of SME activities in small tourist towns, analysis of the regulatory framework, statistical analysis of the dynamics of SME performance indicators. The practical significance of the study lies in the formation of proposals based on the systematization of state support measures for SMEs in relation to small tourist towns, providing for increased transparency of information and simplified reporting on support measures provided to SMEs; stimulating local brands; improving the investment climate by reducing the complexity of business procedures through the creation of roadmaps; development of tourist clusters through participation in more global value chains; providing high-speed Internet access and promoting high-speed broadband access to it. The tax instrument is the tourist tax introduced from 2025, the introduction of which is ambiguously assessed by experts due to the fact that it will be levied from places of collective accommodation of tourists, increasing the tax burden on them and thereby causing hoteliers to leave the shadow sector.
FORMULASI CLAY MASK DAUN BINAHONG (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) DAN UJI INHIBISI Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Asthyananda Michelytha , Bakri Dzaki Fikri Firdaus
Published: November 2024

Jerawat merupakan suatu kondisi kulit tidak normal yang disebabkan oleh minyak yang terlalu banyak karena gangguan produksi kelenjar minyak pada kulit. Bakteri penyebab jerawat salah satunya adalah Staphylococcus aureus. Daun binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) telah diteliti dapat menghambat Staphylococcus aureus pada konsentrasi 20%. Pembuatan sediaan clay mask merupakan salah satu cara untuk mempermudah penggunaan ekstrak daun binahong. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui uji mutu fisik dan uji inhibisinya terhadap Staphylococcus aureus. Metode ekstraksi yang digunakan adalah maserasi, formula clay mask dengan konsentrasi daun binahong sebesar 10%, 12% dan 14%, uji evaluasi fisik meliputi uji organoleptis, homogenitas, pH, viskositas, daya lekat, daya sebar dan waktu sediaan mengering serta dilakukan uji inhibisi Staphylococcus aureus. Hasil seluruh formula clay mask ekstrak daun binahong memberikan hasil karakteristik fisik yang baik. Clay mask daun binahong mampu menghambat Staphylococcus aureus dengan zona hambat pada konsentrasi 10% sebesar 11,87 ± 0,88 mm, konsentrasi 12% sebesar 13,05 ± 0,44 mm dan konsentrasi 14% sebesar 14,006 ± 1,45 mm. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa clay mask ekstrak daun binahong memiliki karakteristik fisik sediaan clay mask yang baik dan mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus.
Kata kunci : Clay mask, ekstrak daun binahong, jerawat, staphylococcus aureus.
 
Abstract
Acne is abnormal skin condition is cause by disruption of oil gland production causees in excessive oil production. One of the bacteria that cause acne is Staphylococcus aureus Binahong leaf (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) has been studied and proven to inhibit Staphylococcus aureus bacteria at 20%. Clay mask is one of pharmaceutical formulations to make it easier for using binahong leaf extract. The purpose of this research is to determine the physical quality test and inhibition activity clay mask with binahong leaf extract against Staphylococcus aureusnbacteria. This study uses the maceration extraction method, formulation of clay mask preparations with a concentration of binahong leaf extract of 10%, 12% and 14%, physical quality tests include organoleptical, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, adhesion, spreadability and drying time of preparations and inhibition Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The results showed that all clay mask formulas of binahong leaf extract give good physical quality results. The clay mask preparation of binahong leaf extract can inhibition Staphylococcus aureus in formula I is 11,87 ± 0,88, formula II is 13,05 ± 0,44 and formula III is 14,006 ± 1,45. This shows that binahong leaf extract clay mask has good physical characteristics of clay mask preparations and is able to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.
Keywords: Clay mask, binahong leaf extract, acne, staphylococcus aureus.
ON PATTERNS IN DETECTING DENIAL OF SERVICE ATTACKS IN COMPUTER NETWORKS
Authors:   National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek, Ignat’ev Nikolai A. , Navruzov Erkin R. ,   National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek
Published: November 2024

The issues of detecting types of DDOS attacks in computer networks are considered. The methodology is proposed for analyzing the properties of the boundary objects between types of DDOS attacks and normal traffic according to a given metric. A methodology is focused on searching for patterns associated with the selection of sets of informative features and the calculation of local distribution density values for boundary objects of classes. To select informative features, it is proposed to use the stability property for each feature. The stability indicator does not depend on the scales and magnitudes of measurement, and is also distinguished by the constancy of values in selection from the general assembly. Local areas in the form of hyperspheres for calculating the distribution density are represented by objects of one of the classes. Such representation is associated with the choice of the radius of the hypershare as the distance from the boundary object to the first closest object from the complement to its class. The density values in the hypershare are used in the analysis of the relations of objects of the class to the boundary one. Linguistic variables and visual representation are used to interpret relationships. In the form of a computational experiment, the connection between the selection of informative features and the values of the local distribution density is demonstrated. The use of the methodology minimizes the cost of computing resources. The “curse of dimensionality” issue is solved as well as the reducing the probability of overfitting in machine learning is.
GOOD FAITH BEHAVIOR OF PARTICIPANTS IN CIVIL PROCEEDINGS UNDER CONDITIONS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY USE
Authors:   Shevchenko Transnistrian State University, Bigunenko Anastasiya I.
Published: November 2024

Modern civil proceedings are characterized by dispositive principles – the right to choose the method of participation in a court hearing, traditional or remote, adversarial principles – the right to exercise procedural rights relating to the expression of opinions, arguments about one’s position and proving it in the process also in two ways and the principles of procedural equality and justice – equal opportunities and guarantees in the process of choosing the method of interaction between participants in civil proceedings and the court. Thus, the Code of Civil Procedure of the Russian Federation is actively developing norms regarding the development of information technologies, and the courts are practicing the use of information technologies by participants. The use of information technology makes us think about the controlling role of the court, which should extend to the digital form of administration of justice. Control in such an instance is procedural and technological in nature: over the behavior of participants using information technologies in the implementation of procedural rights and over digital sources and technological means. The author comes to the conclusion about the role of behavioral reactions in the target setting – to use information technology, with the participation of persons in the process of considering civil cases, in good faith. Much attention is paid in science to the conscientious behavior of participants in civil proceedings. In civil proceedings, good faith was contrasted or interacted with the basic procedural principles of civil proceedings, which establish the rights of persons materially interested in the outcome of the case to be active, to exercise procedural rights, to prove their position, to have equal guarantees, etc. Selfinterested action encourages participants to achieve their goals in the process at any cost. Consequently, the obligation of participants to act in good faith in the exercise of procedural rights comes to the fore. Such an obligation allows ascertaining the necessary influence of the court on the behavior of participants in civil proceedings, while information technologies will not be able to act as levers of unfair influence on the course of civil proceedings, the exercise of rights by bona fide persons, and the adoption of a lawful and justified decision by the court. The measures of influence may be non-property consequences in the form of a court’s refusal of a request to use information technology for unscrupulous participants.
HUMANITARIAN ISSUES AND ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN MODERN SOCIETY. THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Chavykina Mariya A. , Karpushina Ekaterina A. ,   Branch of China National Chemical Engineering and Construction Corporation Seven ltd (China) in Moscow
Published: November 2024

The most significant aspect of the contemporary structure of international economic relationships is the growing significance of international humanitarian collaboration, which turned out to be a manifestation of global transformative processes. Today’s society is confronted with numerous humanitarian concerns, that are often defined as poverty, social disparity, mass migration, escalating armed conflicts, and others. The article focuses on new humanitarian issues and ethical challenges that affect issues related to the digital transformation of the economy and the automation of business operations, inequality in educational access, and the rising proportion of youth who are not in employment, education, or training (NEET), as well as rising global inequality. It is demonstrated that in 2020 and 2021, for the first time throughout the long history of observation, there was a decline in the value of the Global Human Development Index (HDI). According to UN experts, if the real value of the Global HDI is lower than expected in the coming years, then the losses to the socio-economic development of countries on a global scale would be irreversible. The solution to the above issues which affect both developed and developing countries, is proposed to be achieved through the development of international humanitarian cooperation in areas such as education, culture, sports and health.
Sobre dispositivo e arte tecnológica
Authors: Rocha Cleomar
Published: November 2024

O artigo discute o conceito de dispositivo, tendo por base as concepções de Foucault e Agamben, seguindo a Filosofia da Tecnologia, desde Heidegger e Feenberg até as concepções de Don Ihde, em articulação com a arte tecnológica. De orientação analítica, o texto conclui que a arte tecnológica é, per si, ontologicamente vinculada à concepção de dispositivo, em seu alinhamento com a Filosofia da Tecnologia.
Graphic Design with Creative Coding
Authors: Bergamo Marília Lyra , Silva Andre Luiz , Valentim Victor Hugo Soares
Published: November 2024

This paper describes an approach to teaching creative coding to design students. It may respond to a situation where ‘apprehension of automation replacement’ from artificial intelligence and machine learning regarding graphic design production may affect students. As such, this paper also intends to evoke the importance of diversity in problem-solving and methods. This text started with a literature review regarding strategies for creative coding in design tertiary education. A detailed methodology of using abstract art as a principle to apply bidimensional logic in creating coding is presented. The method was applied during two semesters in a design course of 120 hours consisting of laboratory tutorials and project development. Finally, two significant projects where logic and coding tutorial learning resulted in graphic design products were selected to discuss the method. This work contributes to the topic by providing further data supporting creative coding methods in visual design education while demonstrating the graphic potential of such an approach.
Projectualities
Authors: Beccari Marcos N.
Published: November 2024

Tomando a elaboração projetual da subjetividade enquanto prática de design, o presente estudo delineia um esboço genealógico das projetua- lidades que conformaram, ao longo do século XX, sujeitos projetivos. Após contextualizar o certame, assinalo duas projetualidades predominantes do século XX, a revolucionária e a integrada, e argumento que ambas fizeram do sujeito um locus de reintegração de técnicas e saberes por meio da prática projetual. Ao concluir que a integração total humano-máquina-ambiente permanece como norte das atuais práticas projetuais, este estudo contribui para a compreensão histórica do design enquanto meio de veiculação e ma- terialização de discursos, valores e condutas.
TRABALHO DOMÉSTICO DECENTE E FRATERNIDADE: A LEGISLAÇÃO BRASILEIRA E A CONVENÇÃO 189 DA OIT
Authors: Barzotto Luciane Cardoso , Lanner Maíra Brecht
Published: November 2024

O Brasil depositou em 31 de janeiro de 2018, no Escritório da
Organização Internacional do Trabalho (OIT) o instrumento formal de ratificação da Convenção n° 189 sobre as trabalhadoras e os trabalhadores domésticos (OIT, 2018). A normativa internacional tem conteúdo de direitos humanos no trabalho.
OS SISTEMAS DE IA: ENTRE OS RISCOS E AS POSSIBILIDADES DO PRINCÍPIO DA PRECAUÇÃO
Authors: Engelmann Wilson
Published: November 2024

Este capítulo de livro busca estudar, a partir do AI Act, da
União Europeia, os variados tipos de riscos previstos nesse regulamento, bem como as possibilidades de se desenvolver mecanismos de gestão a partir do princípio da precaução.
CONTROLE DE CONVENCIONALIDADE INTERAMERICANO NO TRIBUNAL DE JUSTIÇA DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL: ANÁLISE JURISPRUDENCIAL DOS DIREITOS DAS MULHERES ENTRE OS ANOS DE 2018-2023
Authors: Cambi Eduardo Augusto Salomão , Oliveira Lucas Paulo Orlando de
Published: November 2024

O assunto do presente trabalho é o controle de convenciona
lidade interamericano. Por sua vez, o tema considera o controle de convencionalidade aplicado aos direitos das mulheres no âmbito da jurisprudência do Tribunal de Justiça do Rio Grande do Sul (TJRS) entre os anos de 2018 e 2023.
Validación de un indicador de riesgo para la conducta sexual en población universitaria.
Authors:   , HERNÁNDEZ ESCOBAR ALEJANDRO IGNACIO
Published: November 2024

Habitualmente las conductas sexuales de riesgo sea través de cifras de las infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS) o embarazo no planificado. No existe un indicador compuesto que permita medir su riesgo en la atención clínica o riesgo poblacional, lo que permitiría contribuir a la planificación de políticas de salud y campañas preventivas.
Formas de la memoria en la poesía documental chilena de la postdictadura.
Authors:   , Inzunza Morales Eduardo
Published: November 2024

El presente trabajo plantea que la poesía documental chilena utiliza el archivo, el montaje y la creación poética para construir un relato crítico y ético sobre el trauma de las violaciones a los derechos humanos durante la dictadura. Los autores estudiados, Carlos Soto Román y Jaime Pinos, utilizan estas técnicas para cuestionar los discursos hegemónicos sobre la dictadura y su influencia en el presente, y para construir una memoria colectiva que responde a nuevas subjetividades. El análisis se apoya en conceptos teóricos de la literatura, la filosofía y la sociología, ofreciendo una visión integral de la representación de la violencia de la dictadura chilena en la poesía documental de la postdictadura. Este trabajo demuestra cómo la poesía documental chilena ha sido una herramienta importante para la construcción de una memoria crítica y ética sobre la dictadura y sus consecuencias en la sociedad chilena.
Origin of supermassive black holes. Predictions from different formation scenarios.
Authors:   , Liempi González Matías Andrés
Published: November 2024

Es posible observar Cúmulos de estrellas Nucleares (CNs) y Agujeros Negros (ANs) en distintas galaxias que pertenecen al universo local. Ambos objetos pueden coexistir o no, pero hay evidencia de que ambos se correlacionan con algunas de las propiedades globales de las galaxias (por ejemplo, el radio del cúmulo y la masa estelar de la galaxia anfitriona o la relación entre el AN central y la velocidad de dispersión del bulbo). La diferencia de ambos objetos radica en su naturaleza, los ANs son los objetos más densos del universo y es imposible obtener una medida directa de sus propiedades. Los CNs son los sistemas estelares más densos observados y, debido a su emisión, es posible obtener más información. La pregunta radica en si estos objectos tienen un origen en común o simplemente es coincidencia que ambos coexistan o tomen el lugar del otro dependiendo del tipo de la galaxia anfitriona. En esta tesis implementamos un modelo de formación de CNs en Galacticus, un modelo semianalítico para la formación y evolución de galaxias. Nuestro modelo se basa la formación de CNs como resultado de la acumulación de gas en el centro de las galaxias. Además, incluímos un modelo para la formación de semillas de ANs basado en el colapso de estos cúmulos cuando alcanzan una masa crítica. También exploramos como este mecanismo puede afectar la distribución final de la masa ANs. Para ello, ajustamos diferentes parámetros libres en el modelo para reproducir la distribución observada de las masas de los cúmulos nucleares. Comenzamos con el mejor modelo bariónico de Galacticus, variamos los parámetros relevantes para la evolución de los cúmulos. También exploramos la distribución de las diferentes propiedades de los cúmulos en el momento de colapso para estudiar su impacto. Nuestro modelo depende fuertemente de la resolución de la simulación, lo cual puede llevar a sobreestimaciones y subestimaciones en la población de los CNs predicha por los distintos modelos. El colapso de los cúmulos se ve fuertemente favorecido cuando consideramos un porcentaje menor del radio para el cálculo de la masa cŕitica, aún así la población de ANs permanece subestimada para los más masivos, indicando que hay más escenarios de formación por investigar.
Dificultades en la dimensión discursiva de la escritura: Un análisis sobre la producción escrita de estudiantes extranjeros y nacionales del sistema escolar chileno.
Authors:   , NOVOA VENEGAS DANIELA CONSTANZA
Published: November 2024

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo determinar los principales errores discursivos en la producción escrita de 66 textos elaborados por estudiantes chilenos, extranjeros hispanohablantes y extranjeros no hispanohablantes pertenecientes a primer y segundo año de enseñanza media de un establecimiento subvencionado de la Región de Tarapacá. La metodología es cuantitativa descriptiva con diseño transversal, es decir, no hubo tratamiento en la recolección de textos. Para clasificar los tipos de errores discursivos se elaboró una taxonomía a partir de las propuestas para errores discursivos de Fernández (1997) y Belda (2015). Para el análisis de los textos se utilizó el software Computer Assisted Text Markup and Analysis CATMA 7.0.2, con el que se etiquetó la muestra textual y se obtuvo la frecuencia de errores discursivos de acuerdo a las categorías coherencia y cohesión. Paralelamente, los resultados se analizaron estadísticamente con el software SPSS 24.0 para determinar la relación entre las variables procedencia en la Tarea 1 y las variables curso y procedencia en la Tarea 2. Los resultados indicaron que tanto los estudiantes nacionales como extranjeros cometen más errores de cohesión que de coherencia en ambas tareas y niveles, los que interfieren en la comprensibilidad de los textos.
”Like Sheep to the Slaughter”: The Evolution of a Phrase and Its Legacy in Holocaust Memory
Authors: Porat Dan
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT: The phrase ‘like sheep to the slaughter’ is commonly regarded as a derogatory term associated with the actions of Jewish victims during the Holocaust and attributed to Abba Kovner. This article explores its usage during World War II and the early decades of Israel’s existence, revealing that it was first used pejoratively within the Yishuv as early as 1942 when news of the European annihilation surfaced—predating knowledge of Kovner’s usage. Kovner had used the term not pejoratively, but rather in an effort to enhance defiance among ghetto residents. The negative connotations intensified after the war, especially during attempts to identify Jewish leaders deemed ‘responsible’ for the Holocaust, as in the Kastner trial, and the phrase came to function as a tool differentiating ostensibly submissive Jews in exile from those ready to resist in the Land of Israel. It also permeated the Israeli-Arab conflict, highlighting Israeli resolve to stand firm. The evolving meanings of ‘like sheep to the slaughter’ over time mirror shifting attitudes toward Holocaust survivors in Israel and serve as an example of divergent trends in the collective memory of an event, which developed even before the event had concluded.
Israel’s International Aid in Central America: Insights From The Tech Business Turn in The 21st Century
Authors: Dimant Mauricio
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT: The present article addresses the transformation of Israel’s MASHAV program in 21st-century Central America, emphasizing the significant role of tech firms in Israeli cooperation initiatives. The integration of the private sector has shifted the balance between commercial and political interests, introducing new challenges and structural constraints on Israel’s political objectives in the region while enhancing its soft power. Examined here are the complex relationships between the tech sector’s innovation-driven business logic and Israel’s international political dynamics with Central America, yielding insights on the changing political context of the region and the landscape of Israel’s international cooperation with the Global South.
AI-enhanced predictive maintenance systems for critical infrastructure: Cloud-native architectures approach
Authors: Omoniyi David Olufemi  , Ayodeji Olutosin Ejiade  , Oluwabukunmi Ogunjimi  , Friday Ogochuckwu Ikwuogu
Published: November 2024

Critical infrastructure (CI), such as power grids, transportation systems, and telecommunications networks, is becoming increasingly complex, requiring sophisticated maintenance strategies and procedures to guarantee optimal performance and system durability. This paper examines the transformational potential of AI-driven predictive maintenance systems, highlighting their ability to prevent system failures, minimize downtime, and enhance resource efficiency. Integrating machine learning algorithms with real-time data analytics allows predictive maintenance frameworks to accurately foresee equipment failures, facilitating timely interventions that reduce the risk of catastrophic infrastructure breakdowns.
This study primarily examines the development of cloud-native architectures, which include containers, microservices, and orchestration tools like Kubernetes, to facilitate the scalability, flexibility, and resilience required for contemporary CI maintenance systems. These designs facilitate the seamless integration of predictive maintenance solutions across geographically dispersed infrastructure, enabling effective administration of extensive datasets produced by Internet of Things (IoT) sensors, operational logs, and edge computing nodes. The document examines the essential function of intelligent data orchestration in facilitating the prompt gathering, processing, and analysis of operational data, which is vital for AI models to provide precise predictions.
The amalgamation of AI-driven predictive maintenance with 5G and forthcoming 6G networks is poised to transform real-time system monitoring, diminishing latency and enhancing decision-making efficacy. Utilizing AI and cloud-native technologies substantially enhances system reliability, cost-effectiveness, and comprehensive infrastructure optimization. This article thoroughly analyses how AI, cloud-native platforms, and intelligent data orchestration may be utilized to tackle the changing maintenance issues of critical infrastructure by examining real-world case studies from sectors like power grids, telecommunications, and transportation.
Integrating AI, cloud computing, and IoT in predictive maintenance improves system reliability and prepares critical infrastructure for future autonomous management and optimization developments. The study finishes by discussing new trends, such as the integration of digital twins and the synergies between AI and cloud-native solutions, which will enhance predictive maintenance capabilities.
Development of a Scale to Assess Veterinary Medicine Students' Attitudes Toward Biochemistry Course
Authors: Fidan Abdurrahman Fatih , Ocak İjlal , Avcı Gülcan , Denk Barış
Published: November 2024

Biochemistry stands as a pivotal subject in the curriculum of veterinary medicine education, warranting an assessment of veterinary students' attitudes towards this course. This study aims to develop a scale to gauge veterinary students' sentiments regarding biochemistry. The sample comprises 220 students enrolled in a veterinary medicine program. Initially, a preliminary test form with 49 items was created through a thorough review of relevant literature and expert consultation. A pre-test form was administered to 20 veterinary students to assess item clarity, grammar, and response duration, followed by necessary adjustments. Subsequently, the trial form was distributed to the 220 enrolled students. Data collected were analyzed, revealing a Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) value of .794, indicative of the scale's adequacy. Exploratory factor analysis showcased factor loadings ranging from .582 to .812. Moreover, a reliability analysis demonstrated a Cronbach's Alpha coefficient of .761, surpassing the threshold of .70, signifying the scale's reliability. Thus, based on the findings, it can be concluded that the scale developed is both valid and reliable for assessing veterinary students' attitudes towards biochemistry.
Sisters of Mercy as part of sanitary detachments and in the organization of hospital work in Russia
Authors: Kraynyukov P. E. , Simonenko V. B. , Abashin V. G. , Dulin P. A.
Published: November 2024

The article presents data on the first units of Sisters of Mercy in the Active Army during the Crimean War. Historical documents regarding the beginning of the work of the Sisters of Mercy of the Russian Red Cross Society in the Moscow military hospital are provided. Their work during the Russo-Chinese War of 1900–1901 and the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905 is described, focusing on hospital ships (“Tsaritsa,” “Mongolia,” “Kazan,” etc.) and the land front (in Port Arthur, Manchuria).
Libraries of the monasteries of Sviyazhsk according to the inventories of the 16th–18th centuries
Authors:   federal state budgetary institution ", Makarov Andrey I. ,   Russian State Library"
Published: November 2024

The analysis of the descriptions of the 16th–18th centuries of the Trinity-St. Sergiev Monastery and Uspensky Monastery, founded in the middle of the 16th century in Sviyazhsk, the second most important city of the Kazan region, allows us to assess the quantitative and qualitative composition of their book collections. The richness and variety of the monastery libraries that developed in the fortress city in the second half of the 16th–17th centuries, testify to the purposeful supply of Sviyazhsk monasteries with books during that period, which, in particular, was conditioned by the necessity to solve missionary tasks in the Kazan region, conquered by the Moscow state in the 1550s. The distribution of Cyrillic books was one of the main conditions for rooting of Russian culture, Orthodox faith and, in general, the important element of Russia’s political establishment in the region and its economic development.
Model libraries within the framework of the National project "Culture": development prospects
Authors:   federal state budget educational institution of higher education «Saint Petersburg State University of Culture», Samoilov Ilya S.
Published: November 2024

The concepts of a model library, a library model in a broad and narrow sense are considered. The models of public libraries developed in library science are described. The results of the study of implemented conceptual models of existing municipal model libraries based on the Republic of Mordovia, the Leningrad Region, and the Altai Territory are reflected. Examples of models of libraries have been identified: family reading library, library cultural (socio-cultural, cultural and leisure) center, library information (information service) center, library – support center for socially vulnerable groups of the population, library – local history center, library – center of local culture (library of ethnography, ethno-library), etc. The statistics of the distribution of model libraries with conceptual models in the studied regions are given. Promising models of public libraries focused on the specifics of the local community and its interests and needs are presented.
Methodological approaches to formating web archives in regional libraries of Russia
Authors:   federal state budget educational institution of higher education «Saint Petersburg State University of Culture», Smirnov Artem A.
Published: November 2024

Archiving of web documents is considered by libraries as an extension of the mission of preserving cultural heritage. Foreign libraries are actively implementing two web archiving strategies: harvesting of the national domain and selective web archiving. In domestic libraries, web archiving is at the initial stage of development: archiving of web documents is most developed in the B. N. Yeltsin Presidential Library and the National Library of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Specialists from the central libraries of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation presented reports on their developments in the field of archiving web documents at the first local history seminar on web archiving at the Russian National Library. The experience of domestic and foreign colleagues, as well as an analysis of the legal framework of the Russian Federation, made it possible to formulate methodological recommendations for deep harvesting. Methodological approaches and criteria for the formation of thematic web archives in libraries are proposed, including the processes of selecting topics for created collections, requesting copyright holders, archiving a network document using software, and bibliographizing local web documents in the library collection.
Preservation and development of cultural traditions of the Kursk region
Authors:   federal state budget educational institution of higher education ", Gromykina Tatyana S. ,   Orlov State Institute of Culture"
Published: November 2024

Protection and protection of cultural identity acts in the way and a basis of counteraction to fundamental changes of modern culture now. Therefore, a problem of consideration of national traditions, cultural heritage in our country a question essential and important. In the Kursk region preservation and development of cultural traditions are given excellent value. Because they function as an element of national culture and form values and behavior models at younger generation. The article acquaints the reader with the current situation of position of national culture in the region. On the example of activity of MKUK “Fatezhsky RDNT” of the Kursk region the author analyzes professional and long-term work on rescue and support of cultural traditions in the region. This publication is addressed to experts in the field of welfare activity and folk art, to teachers, graduate students and a wide range of readers.
Boutique hotel design as a reflection of cultural trends and conceptual art trends of the 20th century
Authors:   state autonomous educational institution of higher education ", Zemtsova Irina V. ,   Leningrad State University named after A. S. Pushkin", Shkuropat Svetlana G. ,   state autonomous educational institution of higher education "Leningrad State University named after A. S. Pushkin"
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of a boutique hotel as a conceptual art project, the study of the origins of this phenomenon associated with show business and the fashion industry and reflecting trends in architecture, design and fine art of the 20th century. The influence of designers such as Philippe Starck, Andre Putman, Annushka Hempel on the emergence of a new format of hotel design, which turned the hotel into a work of art, is shown. The categorical and conceptual apparatus is investigated and clarified. The research approach is based on an understanding of the cross-cultural nature of this phenomenon. The influence of emotional and conceptual components in the design of the hotel is considered as a condition for the additional value of the hotel product. As a result, it is concluded that the strategies of uniqueness inthemodern tourism business have been embodied in the idea of a conceptual hotel product – a boutique hotel.
Theatrical auto-communication in the framework of performative cultural practices
Authors:   federal state autonomous higher education institution ", Markov Аleksandr V. ,   Russian State University of the Humanities", Shtayn Oksana A. ,   federal state budget educational institution of higher education "Ural Federal University"
Published: November 2024

The challenge of theater has always been to present real historical characters on stage, since narrative and illusory principles are the same for historical and non-historical plays. What is required is a special consent of the audience to recognize not only the verisimilitude but also the truthfulness of the play. The paper argues that such consent cannot be obtained simply by actualizing the actors’ roles or enhancing the scenography. The historical figure can be constructed only in a position of autocommunication of the actor, who, displaying him/herself as an actor sending and receiving a message, provides a special regimen of the spectator’s attention. Autocommunication is not just a mere condition for the formation of the message, but also a prerequisite for the special architectonics of the spectators as sharing the criticism of the shortcomings of present-day life and experiencing the moment of dramatic action not as a disruption among the routine production of experience, but as the only basis for the architectonics of civic action. Analyzing the constructions of the French philosopher of theater Alain Badiou, considering the specificities of French history, allows us to adapt these ideas for the contemporary situation of the coexistence of dramatic and postdramatic theater. The virtue on the stage is plausible, but in the actor’s autocommunicative gesture it is truthful.
Eine Fallgeschichte aus Palästina und die Frage nach transkultureller Verständigung
Authors: Rohr Elisabeth
Published: November 2024

Fallmaterial aus einem Supervisions-Workshop in der von Israel völkerrechtswidrig besetzten Westbank liefert ungewöhnliche Einblicke in eine patriarchalisch geprägte Gesellschaft, in geschlechtsspezifische Gewalt und in die Bewältigungsstrategien von Menschen, insbesondere von Frauen, die in dieser Gesellschaft leben. Die anthropologische Methode der »dichten Beschreibung« (Geertz, 1973) wird genutzt, um die Darstellung eines Falles aus einer Paartherapie auch in seiner emotionalen Qualität anschaulich zu vermitteln. Anliegen ist es, dabei zu verdeutlichen, wie ein transkulturelles Verstehen der Gegenübertragungsreaktionen der Supervisorin dazu beitragen kann, verborgene Schichten und unbewusste Dimensionen aufzudecken, die mit diesem Fall verbunden sind und die ein symptomatisches Licht auf ausgesprochen konflikthafte, jedoch verdrängte soziale Dynamiken werfen, von denen insbesondere Frauen betroffen sind.
Explicitation Versus Reduction of Target Text in Audiovisual Voice-Over Translation
Authors: Hasior Aleksandra
Published: November 2024

The article describes a preliminary study conducted as part of a broader project regarding the phenomenon of explicitation in audiovisual translation. Following a brief theoretical introduction on the determinants of voiceover modality in audiovisual translation and selected issues in the field of explicitation, the article presents the results of an analysis of the explicitation surface manifestations according to the taxonomy proposed by Perego (2003), based on the reasons for its emergence (i.e., as a result of cultural differences, lexicalization of non--verbal content, or the need to reduce the target text). Analysis of the cited examples illustrates the most commonly used techniques enabling text reduction while emphasizing certain content, and answers the research questions posed at the outset, i.e. Does explicitation occur in the voice-over modality of translation despite probable reduction of the text? If it does occur - what are its surface manifestations and which of these are dominant?
The role of geographical myths in shaping the tourist attractiveness of cities (as exemplified by Russia)
Authors: Shurina Veronika Gennadyevna
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the role of geographical myths in shaping the tourist attractiveness of cities. In the context of globalization and digitalization, myths are becoming an important tool for creating a unique image of a territory and attracting tourists. The study includes an analysis of factors influencing tourist attractiveness and the results of a survey of local residents assessing the importance of myths and legends in local tourism. The work demonstrates the dual significance of geographical myths: on the one hand, they contribute to the popularization of a region, on the other hand, they can construct a false reality of a particular place. The aim of the study is to determine the significance of geographical myths in the system of tourist attractiveness factors. The article considers the role of geographical myths in shaping the tourist attractiveness of cities, as well as their influence on the perception of local culture and the development of domestic tourism. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the empirical approach to understanding the role of geographical myths in shaping the tourist attractiveness of cities, considering myths not only as cultural artifacts, but also as tools of popularization for tourist destinations. The study found that the geographical myth has high potential as a means of attracting tourists, but in practice it performs an applied function, accompanying existing objects of tourist attraction.