bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Acute Hemodynamic Effects of Caffeine During Different Body Positions in Normotensive Young Adults
Authors: Iconaru Elena Ioana , Tantu Monica Marilena , Tudor Mariana Ionela , Ciucurel Manuela Mihaela , Georgescu Luminita , Paunescu Alina , Nicolae Camelia , Plesa Cristina , Diaconu Magdalena , Bisoc Alina , Ciucurel Constantin
Published: February 2020

The aim of this study was to investigate the acute cardiovascular hemodynamic effects of administration of a fixed dose of 130 mg of caffeine versus placebo in a sample of healthy young adults (N = 32, sex ratio 1/1), who were successively placed in four distinct positions (orthostatic before ingestion, orthostatic, supine and Trendelenburg vertical positions, after ingestion) on a gravitational inversion table. The experimental design was a single-center, parallel-group, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Following the descriptive and inferential statistical processing of the data, a statistical significant pattern (p [0.05) of acute postural cardiovascular hemodynamic adaptation of the subjects was revealed, under the influence of caffeine versus placebo ingestion.
The Immunohistochemical Expression of Bcl2, Ki 67and CD3 correlated with the Basal Cell Carcinoma Histological Features - a study on 10 cases
Authors: Nicola Monica-Georgiana , Mocanu Liliana , Morosanu Aritina Elvira , Berbece Sorin , Stoica Loredana Elena
Published: February 2020

The basal cell carcinoma represents a worldwide major health problem due to incidence, functional and aesthetical defects which accompanies the disease and its treatment and high recurrency risk.The various morphoclinical forms of the basal cell carcinoma may be explained due to at least three factors: genetical predisposal, the individual immunological status and the action of the risk factors. In the case in which the histological aspects do present some modifications which cannot be catalogued in the usual patterns, therefore inseriated sections of the hole tumor being imposed, in order to establish correctly the diagnosis and in the case in which microscopical criteria are partially overposable with those specific to another lesion, the immunohistochemical evaluation is imposed.The immunohistochemical studies are also used in research, thus revealing some biological aspects of the basal cell carcinoma. The study of the biological markers of the apoptosis, cellullarproliferation and the immunitary system reaction allows the understanding of the morphofunctional anomalies during the neoplastic transformation process and the early identification of the aggressive forms.
The Chlorination Impact of Wastewater Treatment Plants in the Danube River
Authors: DragomirBalanica Carmelia Mariana , Muntenita Cristian , Simionescu Aurel Gabriel , Birsan Iulian-Gabriel
Published: February 2020

An appropriate appraisal of the water quality parameters has an essential contribution in identification of main pollution factors in a certain region. In Romania, the lower course of Danube River Basin covers more than 1,075 kilometres and a significant percentage of the population lives in this area and depends on the Danube for potable water, industry, agriculture, and transport. The biodiversity, species and habitats, is markedly significant, taking in account that the Danube is the largest uninterrupted wetland area in the world and one of the last relatively undisturbed regions of Europe. The main focus of this article is to analyze the capability of chlorine removal in the municipal wastewater treatment plants in five counties of Romania, starting from 2013 to 2017. The five years average of influent fluctuates from 77.56 mg/dm3 to 111.03 mg/dm3 comparing with 82.94 mg/dm3 and 116.29 mg/dm3 the average of effluent. It should be specified that the limit imposed by the European legislation is 500 mg/dm3. Even if the measured values are below a quarter of the imposed limit, chlorinated wastewaters can be poisonous and may have a harmful impact on aquatic flora and fauna that are exposed to them, and consequently, that chlorination dechlorination might not be appropriate treatment approach for the protection of receiving waters.
Determination of Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Forensic Toxicology
Authors: Neagu Marius , Fulga Ana , Neagu Anca-Iulia , Bulgaru-Iliescu Diana , Ciubara Ana-Maria , Fulga Iuliu
Published: February 2020

Oral anticoagulants have been used for more than 50 years as antithrombotic agents, particularly in the primary and secondary prophylaxis of thromboembolic disorders. Our study�s purpose is to synthetize and analyze the toxicological methods used to determine the oral anticoagulants, described in the literature, so we can identify the optimal methods, taking into consideration the diversity of forensic medicine workload. In the electronic databases, for the period 1990-2019, there were identified 56 articles that included the searched keywords. Of these, 28 were included in our study. We excluded the articles that were not lining up with the objective of our study, the update-type articles and the case studies. After analyzing the literature, it was observed that liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry is the ideal method for detecting low-dosed drugs, such as oral anticoagulants.
The Effect of Environment on the Stress Corrosion Cracking of Incoloy 800
Authors: Dinu Alice
Published: February 2020

This paper studies the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behaviour of Incoloy 800 in pure 10%NaOH and, respectively, 10%NaOH+0.33g/l NaCl solutions. Notched and un-notched C-ring specimens were tested in a static autoclave at 2600C and 50 bars. To evaluate the electrochemical behaviour of different metal/environment systems, the most important electrochemical parameters were calculated from polarization curves recorded between (�800)mVvsSCE and (+1200)mVvsSCE (scan rate 1mV/s), at 850C. It was emphasised that the presence of Cl- in caustic environment conducts to the decreasing of corrosion rate and corrosion current. Optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the initiation mechanism and penetration depth of SCC cracks depend on the composition of the testing solution: in pure caustic solution, the SCC initiation is transgranular the SCC cracks propagated up to 120m, while in the presence of the Cl-, the SCC cracks started from the pits formed on the samples surface and the SCC depth is shorter than in the pure caustic solution (only up to 20m). X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analyses were used to identify the composition of the oxide layer build-up on the surface of the specimens exposed in autoclaves. The results indicate that, in the presence of the Cl- anions, the spinel oxide NiCr2O4 is formed in a bigger amount. Due to this compound formation, a greater SCC resistance of Incoloy 800 was observed.
Internal Validation of Rapid and Performant Method for Carotenoids Determination in Tomato Waste Powder by HPLC
Authors: Catana Luminita , Catana Monica , Iorga Enuta , Asanica Adrian Constantin , Lazar Monica-Alexandra , Lazar Anda-Gratiela , Belc Nastasia , Pirvu Gina
Published: February 2020

An analytical method was developed and validated for separation, detection and quantification of carotenoids (all-trans lutein, β-carotene and all-trans lycopene) in tomato waste powder by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-DAD). Extraction of carotenoids was achieved in acetone under nitrogen atmosphere and magnetic stirring. Carotenoids were separated on a reverse-phase C30, 3 μm column (250 �4.6 mm) coupled to a 20 � 4.6 mm C30 guard column using mobile phases consisting of (A) methanol/ water (98:2, v/v), (B) methanol/water (95:5, v/v) and (C) methyl tert-butyl ether.The method has a good sensitivity (LOD = 0.161 �0.333 μg/mL and LOQ = 0.484 � 1.000 μg/mL) and a good precision (RDS (r) = 0.67 � 1.15% for injection repeatability; RSD (r) = 1.02 � 2.14% for analysis repeatability intra-day; RSD (r) = 1.23 � 2.43% for intermediate precision; RSD (R) = 1.57 � 3.07 % for intra-laboratory reproducibility. The method was applied byanalyzing 8 tomato waste powders, obtained through tomatoes processing as juice. Their carotenoids content varied in the following ranges: 1.474 � 2.452 mg/100g for all-trans lutein; 9.645 � 11.587 mg/100g for β-carotene; 60.150 - 64.855 mg/100g for all-trans lycopene.
Study of Water Quality Indicators of Mountain Rivers Used as Source of Drinking Water Supply of the Targu-Jiu Municipality
Authors: Nica-Badea Delia , Brandibur Simona
Published: February 2020

Water quality criteria are all physicochemical and biological indicators that characterize a body of water. The current study aims at investigating the quality of two natural waters in the Gorj County sub-mountainous area (�u�i�a, Vaidei and Runc, capture Runc) used as drinking water sources of Targu-Jiu. Sampling and determinations use spectrophotometric, gravimetric, volumetric or electrometric techniques in accordance with standard methods (SR ISO and / or SR EN) for a series of physicochemical indicators analyzed between January - December 2017: thermal and acidification, oxygen regime, nutrients, salinity, relevant pollutants. Experimental values, annual averages related to the quality standards for potable water, ecological status and classification of water bodies, place the water of the two rivers in the drinking water category A1 and the first class of ecological quality. The Water Quality Index (WQI) for 9 selected parameters highlighted a sensitively close overall level of the water of the two rivers Susita (88) and Runc (85.2), the good quality category (7o-9o), reported to national quality standards for surface water which can be used for delivery as drinking water.The study of indicators of the two rivers in relation to national rules aligned with the European water requirements and research shows a high qualitative status corresponding to community uses.
The Efficacy and Safety of Uractiv Control in Overactive Bladder Treatment
Authors: Chibelean Calin Bogdan , Ghirca Veronica , Petca Razvan-Cosmin , Porav-Hodade Daniel , Nechifor-Boila Ioan Alin , Todea-Moga Ciprian , Mehedintu Claudia , Martha Orsolya
Published: February 2020

The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Uractiv Control as an alternative treatment with no side effects in Overactive Bladder (OAB). We performed a prospective study over a period of 15 months (May 2018- September 2019) in Department of Urology from Targu-Mureș. We included 165 patients diagnosed with OAB wet (129 patients) and dry form (36 patients) which were fully evaluated over a 3-month period of treatment. 48 patients were treated with placebo 1 month and were evaluated by the same parameters like Uractiv Control group. The frequency of micturition during the day and night after the treatment with Uractiv Control was improved compared to placebo group (p=0.0001) and also the loss of urine episodes (p=0.03). Patients did not report any significant side effects of the treatment. Uractiv Control represents a safe treatment option with no side effects and improvement of the storage in OAB.
Serum Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase Is Associated with Epicardial Fat Thickness in Middle Aged Women
Authors: Albu Adriana , Moldovan Anca , Petra Cristian , Para Ioana
Published: February 2020

Accumulating data indicate that gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) is associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. A positive correlation between GGT levels and various cardiometabolic risk factors has been previously found. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between GGT and epicardial fat tissue thickness (EFTT) a marker of visceral adiposity. A total of one hundred five middle-aged (40-60 years) women were included in this cross-sectional study. EFTT was measured using 2-dimensional echocardiography, on the free wall of the right ventricle perpendicularly to the aortic annulus. Biochemical parameters were determined with an automated biochemical analyzer. Values of GGT were logarithmically transformed (log-GGT) because of their skewed distribution. We found that log-GGT correlated with age, body mass index, abdominal circumference, EFTT, triglycerides, fasting plasma glucose and uric acid. In multivariate regression analysis, log-GGT levels were independently associated with EFTT (�=0.27, p=0.004), postmenopausal status (�=0.25, p=0.008) and triglycerides (�=0.23, p=0.01). In conclusion, in middle-aged women, GGT independently correlated with EFTT and may be a marker of visceral adiposity and increased cardiovascular risk.
A fresh look at therapeutic advances in soft-tissue sarcoma
Authors: Alcindor T.
Published: February 2020

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Wideband Transimpedance Amplifiers for Optoelectronics: Applications to Dynamic Interferometry
Authors: Riobó Lucas Matías , Veiras Francisco Ezequiel , Garea María Teresa , Sorichetti Patricio Anibal
Published: February 2020

Este artículo describe el diseño y desempeño de amplificadores de transimpedancia (TIAs) para optoelectrónica, optimizados para su uso en aplicaciones de interferometría óptica dinámica. Para desarrollar el análisis de los amplificadores, mostramos algunos esquemas experimentales donde se utilizan distintas topologías. En cada esquema desarrollado, describiremos la relevancia de cada TIA, mencionando lineamientos y consideraciones de diseño.
Análisis de la Atenuación de Emisiones Conducidas en Sistemas Complejos
Authors: Zola Julio , Marino Pablo , Dangiolo Federico
Published: February 2020

El análisis y atenuación de la interferencia electromagnética (EMI) en sistemas electrónicos complejos resulta un aspecto de importancia a tener en cuenta en su diseño, debido al mal funcionamiento que pueden provocar estas interferencias en dichos sistemas. En el presente trabajo se describe el diseño particular de un filtro para atenuar las corrientes espurias o emisiones conducidas provenientes de distintos conversores de continua a continua que forman parte de un sistema complejo. Incluye este diseño un método para ayudar a reducir las emisiones conducidas desde dichos conversores. Si bien, los criterios de diseño usados están orientados para la electrónica de un sistema particular, este estudio puede aplicarse en forma genérica a cualquier sistema donde sea necesario evaluar EMI.
Internet de las Cosas en Entornos Académicos. Caso de Éxito en la Universidad de Misiones
Authors: Sosa Milton Eduardo , Sosa Eduardo Omar
Published: February 2020

Actualmente, los equipos y artefactos destinados a la iluminación, ventilación y acondicionamiento del aire, en los ambientes de la Universidad de Misiones, se controlan de forma completamente manual. Se ha comprobado que dichos equipos y artefactos permanecen conectados inclusive en ausencia de alumnos y docentes, no existiendo a la fecha control y actuación alguna sobre la temperatura ambiente y/o iluminación. El presente trabajo introduce el desarrollo inicial de un sistema de control automatizado inteligente de equipos y aparatos, morigerando así costos y aportes al efecto invernadero. La solución planteada se lleva a cabo con ayuda de componentes económicos y usufructuando la infraestructura física existente en la dependencia. El sistema realiza el monitoreo, control de luminarias y de los equipos de acondicionamiento de aire, así como también, la presencia de personas en los ambientes. La central permite el accionamiento y control de los módulos en forma remota por medio de una aplicación desarrollada al efecto.
Reconstrucción de Imágenes Optoacústicas: Efecto de los Sensores Piezoeléctricos de Banda Ancha
Authors: Massaro Rocca Patricio , Ciocci Brazzano Ligia , Acosta Eduardo Omar , González Martín Germán
Published: February 2020

La obtención de imágenes optoacústicas es una técnica híbrida con una rápida evolución dentro del área de imágenes biomédicas. Ésta se beneficia tanto del rico y versátil contraste óptico como de la alta resolución espacial asociada con la naturaleza de baja dispersión de propagación de las ondas ultrasónicas. Su aplicación plantea una serie de difíciles problemas que exigen ulteriores desarrollos. Uno de ellos, el objetivo de este trabajo, es analizar cómo afecta a los algoritmos de reconstrucción de imágenes optoacústicas el uso de sensores no ideales (reales) de banda ancha. En particular, como aporte original, se estudia el caso de los sensores ultrasónicos extensos basados en películas delgadas de polímeros piezoeléctricos. Para lograr esto, se implementó un algoritmo de retroproyección temporal para detectores lineales. Luego, usando un modelo paramétrico para este tipo de sensores, se estudió la influencia del uso de un dispositivo real sobre la eficiencia del susodicho algoritmo.
Deformaciones de haces cilíndricos y cónicos al atravesar una placa plano-paralela de cristal uniaxial
Authors: Perez Liliana Inés , Veiras Francisco Ezequiel
Published: February 2020

Una de las herramientas más usadas en la óptica es el trazado de rayos ya que es la herramienta fundamental para el diseño de todo instrumento óptico. En este trabajo se analizan las sucesivas deformaciones que un haz cilíndrico (modelo a primer orden de un haz colimado) y un haz cónico (modelo a primer orden de un haz divergente o convergente), que inciden normalmente sobre una placa planoparalela de cristal uniaxial, sufren a medida que van atravesando las distintas interfaces. Esto se hace siguiendo el camino de cada rayo incidente sobre la primera interfaz. El trazado de rayos para los rayos ordinarios es igual al trazado de rayos en medios isótropos. El trazado de rayos extraordinario, en cambio, presenta más dificultad ya que los rayos no están contenidos en el plano de incidencia y no coinciden con las normales a los frentes de onda. Se analizan también la pérdida de simetría de revolución de los haces y la formación de las sucesivas imágenes.
Estación de Sensado para Emisiones de Campo Magnético a Frecuencias Extremadamente Bajas y su Aplicación en la Predicción de Sismos
Authors: Carducci Leonardo Martín , Alonso Ramiro , Fano Walter Gustavo
Published: February 2020

Existen evidencias en diferentes partes del mundo que sugieren una relación entre cierto tipo de fenómenos magnéticos a frecuencias extremadamente bajas y la ocurrencia de un evento sı́smico. Para estudiar estas anomalı́as resulta esencial recurrir a una mayor evidencia experimental. Sobre la base de esta motivación, en el presente trabajo se describe la implementación de una estación de sensado para registrar emisiones de campo magnético en las bandas TLF-ELF, contribuyendo ası́ al estudio de su posible rol como precursores sı́smicos. El sistema también contempla el sensado de algunos precursores convencionales y de otros parámetros ambientales.
Parlante superdireccional de matriz paramétrica
Authors: Montes de Oca Axel , Verne Santiago , Vechiatti Nilda , Muravchik Carlos
Published: February 2020

Este trabajo trata sobre el diseño y construcción de un altoparlante direccional, también conocido como parlante de matriz paramétrica (PAL). El funcionamiento del mismo se basa en los principios de un fenómeno denominado autodemodulación que sucede cuando haces de alta frecuencia interactúan en un medio viscoso, debido a las propiedades no lineales del mismo. El sonido obtenido luego de la autodemodulación se forma en el haz de la señal portadora ultrasónica propagándose más allá de la distancia en la que la portadora ha sido suficientemente atenuada. Esto genera una señal audible focalizada y por ende un patrón polar direccional de ángulo angosto. En el presente trabajo se evalúan dos métodos de modulación: en amplitud con doble banda lateral (AM-DBL) y por variación de ancho de pulso (PWM). Se analiza experimentalmente su efecto en la direccionalidad, nivel de presión sonora y distorsión armónica.
OPTIMAL TRADE POLICIES UNDER PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATIONS
Authors: Yang Yong-cong , Nie Pu-yan
Published: February 2020

This article focuses on the optimal international trade policy considered product differentiations. A duopoly model with a home firm
in a developing country and a foreign firm in a developed country is established. The findings indicate that, the optimal tariff relies on the product
differentiations significantly. On one hand, higher marginal cost of home firms have opposite effects on optimal tariff compared to higher marginal cost of
foreign firms. On the other hand, the optimal tariff is monotonically decreasing in the amount of consumers caring about brands and increasing in the scale
of consumers not caring about brands. Moreover, an increase in the marginal cost and transportation cost of imported goods triggers price rising in domestic
market as the market power of home firms is consolidated. In addition, a foreign firm may withdraw from domestic market if its competitive advantages
vanishes under high tariffs.
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH PREDICTION OF LIGHTWEIGHT SHORT COLUMNS AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURE USING GENE EXPRESSION PROGRAMING AND ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK
Authors: Ashteyat Ahmed , Obaidat Yasmeen T. , Murad Yasmin Z. , Haddad Rami
Published: February 2020

The experimental behavior of reinforced concrete elements exposed to fire is limited in the literature. Although there are few experimental programs that investigate the behavior of lightweight short columns, there is still a lack of formulation that can accurately predict their ultimate load at elevated temperature. Thus, new equations are proposed in this study to predict the compressive strength of the lightweight short column using Gene Expression Programming (GEP) and Artificial neural networks (ANN). A total of 83 data set is used to establish GEP and ANN models where 70% of the data are used for training and 30% of the data are used for validation and testing. The predicting variables are temperature, concrete compressive strength, steel yield strength, and spacing between stirrups. The developed models are compared with the ACI equation for short columns. The results have shown that the GEP and ANN models have a strong potential to predict the compressive strength of the lightweight short column. The predicted compressive strengths of short lightweight columns using the GEP and ANN models are closer to the experimental results than that obtained using the ACI equations.
Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Gastrointestinal Cancers: The Current Status and Emerging Paradigms
Authors: Miljanic Mihailo , Capasso Anna , Triplett Todd A. , Eckhardt S. Gail , Aung Kyaw L.
Published: February 2020

Immunotherapy is a rapidly evolving treatment paradigm that holds promise to provide long-lasting survival benefits for patients with cancer. This promise, however, remains unfulfilled for the majority of patients with gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, as significant limitations in efficacy exist with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in this disease group. A plethora of novel combination treatment strategies are currently being investigated in various clinical trials to make them more efficacious as our understanding of molecular mechanisms mediating resistance to immunotherapy advances. In this article, we summarize the current status of immune checkpoint blockade in GI cancers and discuss the biological rationales that underlie the emerging treatment strategies being tested in ongoing clinical trials in combination with ICIs. We also highlight the promising early results from these strategies and provide future perspectives on enhancing response to immunotherapy for patients with GI cancers.
Pneumocystis Infection in Two Patients Treated with Both Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor and Corticoids
Authors: Sadek Maroun , Loizidou Angela , Drowart Annie , Van den Wijngaert Sigi , Gomez-Galdon Maria , Aspeslagh Sandrine
Published: February 2020

The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) targeting cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 and programmed cell death receptor 1 has dramatically improved clinical outcome for cancer patients. Nevertheless, this treatment can be associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs) which sometimes need management with prolonged immune suppression. In order to analyze the risk of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP) in this population, all PJP cases at our oncological hospital between 2004 and 2019 were searched. Only two cases were found in patients treated with ICI (480 patients received ICI during that period). The first was treated with both ipilimumab and nivolumab for metastatic melanoma and required long-term corticosteroids plus infliximab for immune-related colitis. The second received both pembrolizumab and brentuximab for Hodgkin's lymphoma and received corticosteroids for macrophage-activating syndrome. These two cases illustrate that PJP is rare but might be severe in the ICI population and should be differentiated from tumor progression or irAE.
Aias Mastigophoros: Divine Ostentation within a Play
Authors: Inkret Andreja
Published: February 2020

The paper analyses a short scene that forms part of the opening of Sophocles’ Aias (66–133): Aias, suffering from the madness that was inflicted upon him by Athena, is displayed by the goddess to Odysseus. In the corpus of extant ancient drama, this inset appears to be unique. Its expressive power is derived from the scene’s specific structure that doubles the integral elements of theatre. The paper suggests the reasons why the scene has often been labeled “a play-within-a-play,” describing and illustrating the elements that can be paralleled with the structural components of theatre. Taking as basis concepts and ideas proposed by modern theatre theoreticians (Anne Ubersfeld, Tadeusz Kowzan, Umberto Eco), the paper argues that the essence of the performative dimension of the scene is to be found in the phenomenon of the “ostentation act” first described by Umberto Eco. Tracing the meaning of the inset within the tragedy as a whole, the paper emphasizes the fact that the “ostentation” in Aias is a divine creation, and examines how Odysseus, a privileged recipient of the spectacle, reacts to the display of Aias’ shameful condition.
Death as a Beginning: Transformation of Hades, Persephone and Cleopatra in Children’s and Youth Culture
Authors: Bartsevich Viktoryia , Kulpa Karolina Anna , Maciejewska Agnieszka Monika
Published: February 2020

The motif of ancient beliefs about afterlife and contemporary idea of them appears increasingly in contemporary works directed to young audience. The combination of mythology and history known from ancient sources and popular culture works is essential for reception studies. The paper presents three cases of transformation of characters connected with ancient beliefs about afterlife as protagonists or villains in works directed to youth; Hades as a villain known from Disney’s works, especially Hercules; Persephone and Hades’s love story in three web comics: Underworld Love Story and Hades & Persephone Shorts by Gau Meo and Hades’ Holiday by Elvishness; and the way the Cleopatra VII Philopator’s image in Scooby Doo! in Where’s My Mummy? is different than others representations of the queen.
Low methane emissions from a boreal wetland constructed on oil sand mine tailings
Authors: Clark M. Graham , Humphreys Elyn R. , Carey Sean K.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. A 58 ha mixed upland and lowland boreal plains
watershed called the Sandhill Fen Watershed was constructed between 2008 and
2012. In the years following wetting in 2013, methane emissions were
measured using manual chambers. The presence of vegetation with aerenchymous
tissues and saturated soils were important factors influencing the spatial
variability of methane emissions across the constructed watershed.
Nevertheless, median methane emissions were equal to or less than 0.51 mg CH4 m−2 h−1 even from the saturated organic soils in the
lowlands. Although overall methane emissions remained low, observations of
methane ebullition increased over the 3 study years. Ebullition events
occurred in 10 % of measurements in 2013, increasing to 21 % and 27 % of measurements in 2014 and 2015, respectively, at the plots with
saturated soils. Increasing metal ion availability and decreasing sulfur
availability was measured using buried ion exchange resins at both seasonal
and annual timescales potentially as a result of microbial reduction of
these ions. Using principle component analysis, methane fluxes had a
significant positive correlation to the leading principle component which
was associated with increasing ammonium, iron, and manganese and decreasing
sulfur availability (r=0.31, p<0.001). These results suggest
that an abundance of alternative inorganic electron acceptors may be
limiting methanogenesis at this time.
A METHOD TO ESTIMATE THE LAND USE EFFICIENCY IN THE OLD CITY OF BEIJING
Authors: Zhang J. X. , Cai G. Y.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The old city of Beijing represents the brilliant history and attracts people’s attention worldwide. With the rapid development of urbanization in Beijing, the old city is facing the problem that more and more people are working or living in this limited region. How to estimate the land use efficiency in the old city is crucial for the city planners to perform some policy-making decisions. Based on the Sustainable Development Goal 11 (SDG 11) which is to develop inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable cities and human settlements, in which indicator SDG 11.3.1 is designed to testify the land use efficiency that is defined as a ratio between land consumption rate to population growth rate(PGR).This paper focus on how to evaluate the land use efficiency in the old city where the land is limited to a region while people are in a continuous growing. Based on the extraction of buildings from high resolution images with sub-meter spatial resolution in the area enclosed by the second-ring road which is mainly consists of Dongcheng and Xicheng districts, this study obtained the 3D building information including building height and floor numbers over years from 2005, 2010 to 2015 with the help of visually interpretation, POI information and the in situ investigation. By calculating the ratio of the building density growth rate(BDGR) to the population growth rate, the land use efficiency in the old city was computed for each year. Our results showed that most of the ratios are greater than 1 over year from 2005 to 2010 and less than 1 during periods from 2010 to 2015. Which means that the land use efficiency tend to lower from 2010 to 2015 than from 2005–2010. The reasons caused this phenomenon has been discussed in the discussion part. The results are helpful for local governors or managers to make a better decision in the protection and conservation of the old city, and to keep a sustainable old city.
THE METHODOLOGY AND APPLICATION OF NEW THREE-DIMENSIONAL GUIDE SYSTEM AND INTELLIGENT SERVICE IN INTELLIGENT SCENIC SPOT: A CASE STUDY OF QIXING SCENIC SPOT IN GUILIN CITY, GUANGXI, CHINA
Authors: Li B. S. , Wu S. K. , Li X. , Guo J. H. , Zhu B. L. , Yang W. G.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Nowadays, 3D navigation systems and intelligent services are costly to use, and the accuracy of intelligent navigation does not meet the needs of tourists, and the practicality is not strong. Based on the current situation of the construction of the smart scenic navigation system and the actual needs of tourists, this study determines the main principles and methods of the tour guide system and intelligent services. Taking a certain scenic spot as the specific research object, the A* algorithm is used to solve the path. By optimizing the online gracing service of the arc gis server network, the appropriate data interpolation method is used to improve the accuracy of the elevation data of the scenic spot, and the characteristics of the three-dimensional symbol system are combined. The 3D symbol design system is optimized, and a high-precision 3D navigation map model is established. Finally, the corresponding 3D tour guide system and scenic area intelligent service are designed based on this, and the principle and application flow of the intelligent scenic area navigation system construction are summarized. The three-dimensional map model and its navigation system designed by this research institute reduce the risk of tourists during the tour, improve the quality and efficiency of the tour, and provide a practical service optimization solution for the smart scenic three-dimensional navigation system. The construction and use cost of the high-precision three-dimensional navigation system in the scenic spot is reduced.
A GREY MODEL FOR SHORT-TERM PREDICTION OF THE IONOSPHERIC TEC
Authors: Shi H. L. , Lan G. W.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Accurate prediction of TEC can significantly improve the accuracy of navigation and positioning, therefore TEC observation and prediction has become a hot spot in ionospheric research. TEC has the characteristics of nonlinearity and non-stationarity, that cannot accurately describe this change by analytic expressions. Through the analysis of TEC content changes at the same time for several consecutive days in different seasons, it can be concluded that the TEC change at the same time in a short period is relatively stable, the overall monotonous change trend has a certain correlation. Since the grey model performs better in the prediction of a small amount of data and has a high accuracy in the prediction of time series with monotonous changes, it is used in the prediction of the same time and point-to-point short-term prediction of TEC. The accuracy of the grey model is verified by the Posterior variance ratio, the Little error probability test and the relation grade. The residual correction is made for the prediction results with low prediction accuracy, by further establishing the GM (1,1) model of residual values, and the original prediction results being compensated and refined by the residual GM (1,1) model. The experimental results show that the improved model is more accurate than the grey prediction model and can reflect the changing characteristics of ionospheric TEC.
POLARIMETRIC MINISAR MAPPING SYSTEM
Authors: Zhang J. X. , Lu L. J. , Huang G. M. , Yang S. C. , Cheng C. Q. , Zhao Z.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Polarimetric MiniSAR is a ku-band fully polarimetric SAR mapping system that is being developed at CASM (Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping). The system consists of a ku-band fully polarimetric miniSAR data acquisition system and a set of miniSAR mapping software. Nowadays, as the most representative SAR system in China, polarimetric miniSAR mapping system have developed multiple advanced miniSAR mapping techniques, a large scale of mapping experiment has been achieved.
A COMPARISON BETWEEN STRUCTURE-FROM-MOTION AND TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNING FOR DERIVING SURFACE ROUGHNESS: A CASE STUDY ON A SANDY TERRAIN SURFACE
Authors: Fan L.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Structure-from-motion (SfM) is a useful technique for acquiring the topographic information of terrain surfaces for a wide range of geoscience applications. Due to its easy mobilization and cost-effective implementation, the SfM technique may be considered as a favourable alternative to the laser scanning technique in some applications. To this end, it is essential to understand how point cloud data derived using these two different surveying techniques affect the geographic information system (GIS) outputs such as local surface roughness of a terrain surface. In this case study, a small sandy terrain surface was surveyed using a terrestrial laser scanner and the digital camera of a mobile phone, respectively. Analyses were carried out to check the measurement quality of the SfM-derived point cloud and to explore the differences in local surface roughness calculated using the SfM-derived point cloud and that from the scanner, respectively. In addition, it looked into how those differences were affected by different surface roughness descriptors and the associated input parameters (mainly window sizes). Two commonly used methods for describing local surface roughness were considered, consisting of root mean square height and standard deviation of slope.
Brief communication: CMIP6 does not suggest any circulation change over Greenland in summer by 2100
Authors: Delhasse Alison , Hanna Edward , Kittel Christoph , Fettweis Xavier
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The Greenland blocking index (GBI), an indicator of the synoptic-scale circulation over Greenland, has been anomalously positive during summers since the late 1990s. Such changes in atmospheric circulation have led to an increase in Greenland summer temperatures, a decrease in cloud cover and greater surface melt. The GBI is therefore a key indicator of melting and surface mass balance variability over the Greenland ice sheet. However, the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) models do not represent any increase in GBI as suggested by observations. Until 2100, no significant long-term trend in the GBI, and therefore no circulation changes, are projected. In this study the new generation of CMIP6 Earth-system models is evaluated in order to analyze the evolution of the future GBI. All CMIP5 and CMIP6 projections reveal the same trend towards a decrease of the GBI until 2100 and no model reproduces the strong increase in GBI observed over the last few decades. Significant melting events related to a highly positive GBI, as observed this summer 2019, are still not considered by CMIP6 models and therefore the projected surface melt increase of the ice sheet is likely to be underestimated if such circulation changes persist in the next decades.
Reducing cost uncertainty in the drivetrain design decision with a focus on the operational phase
Authors: Harzendorf Freia , Schelenz Ralf , Jacobs Georg
Published: February 2020

Abstract. In order to identify holistically better drivetrain concepts for onshore application, their operational behaviour needs to be considered at an early design phase. In this paper, a validated approach for estimating drivetrain concept-specific risk of unplanned maintenance based on open access data is presented. Uncertain influencing factors are described with distribution functions. This way, the poor data availability in the early design phase can be used to give an indication about the concept’s choice influence on the unplanned operational turbine behaviour. In order to get representative comparisons, Monte Carlo method is applied. This makes it possible to model the life of a fictional wind turbine based on the derived distributions. Technical availability and drivetrain influenced unplanned maintenance effort are defined as evaluation criteria. The latter is constituted by labour, material, and equipment expenses. By calculating the range of fluctuation of the evaluation criteria mean values, this approach offers an indication about the inherent risk in the operational phase induced by the drivetrain concept choice. This approach shows that open access data or expert estimations are sufficient for comparing different drivetrain concepts over the operational phase in an early design stage. The approach is applied on the five most common state-of-the-art drivetrain concepts. The comparison shows that the drivetrain concept without a gearbox and with a permanent magnet synchronous generator performs the best in terms of absolute unplanned maintenance effort over the lifetime as well as on the inherent risk. For future research, the influence of the maintenance strategy as well as site and park specific impacts on the unplanned concept behaviour should be included. For adapting this method to new concepts, a physically based approach could be developed which would make it possible to estimate probability distributions for the uncertain factors. Nevertheless, this approach will help to identify holistically better drivetrain concepts by being able to estimate the inherent risks in the operational phase.
First Ever Data on the Occurrences of Acrididae (Acridoidea: Orthoptera) Grasshoppers in the North West Region of Cameroon
Authors: Akwanjoh Seino Richard , Tita Njoya Moses
Published: February 2020

This article is a pioneer checklist of Acrididae species in the North West Region of Cameroon. This study was prompted by the absence of information on Orthoptera fauna that are found in this region. From November 2016 to September 2017, grasshoppers were collected by hand picking and the help of sweep nets from fields, lawns, farms and vegetation surrounding farms in the capital towns of the seven divisions that make up the region. Seventeen (17) species were captured and identified. These included: Acrida turrita, Coryphosima stenoptera product, Gymnobothrus temporalis, Odontomelus kamerunensis, Roduniella insipida (Acridinae), Catantops melanostrictus, Catantopsilus elongatus, Oxycatantops spissus, (Catantopinae), Cyrtacanthacris aeruginosa, Ornithacris pictula (Cytacanthacridinae), Eyprepocnemis plorans (Eyprepocnemidinae), Acrotylus patruelis, Gastrimargus africanus, Heteropternis thoracica, Trilophidia conturbata, Morphacris fasciata (Oedipodinae) and Afroxyrrhepes obscuripes (Tropidopolinae). Acridinae and Oedipodinae were the most abundant subfamilies with 5 species each. The seventeen (17) species identified in this study were recorded for the first time from the North West Region of Cameroon with one of them Ornithacris pictula magnifica recorded for the first time in Cameroon.
Triclosan resistance derived across environmentally and clinically relevant gram negative bacteria
Authors: Karnas K. Joy , Marotta Julianna , Koseki Rochelle , Sherman Ellen , Exton Logan P.
Published: February 2020

Consumer-driven demand for products that inhibit the growth of disease-causing bacteria has often superseded scientific studies that raise concerns regarding the continuous use of antimicrobials. One such chemical, triclosan, has been added to common personal hygiene products for decades in spite of its effectiveness being called into question by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 1974. This study directly links triclosan exposure to immediate reduction in sensitivity to this antimicrobial for five different Gram-negative bacteria species and further characterizes the derived strains, noting alterations in MIC50/90 values as compared with those of initial strains. These findings are contrasted to parallel studies with three Gram-positive species, which showed little to no change in triclosan susceptibility. In spite of its use being restricted in January 2017, decades of consumer overuse of triclosan has led to an accumulation of this compound in the environment, and this study raises concerns regarding long-term alterations to resident bacteria.
Retrospective analysis of prognostic value of neutrophils to lymphocyte ratio and platelet count in patients with colorectal carcinoma
Authors: Elbassiouny Mohamed , Ragab Dina , Refaat Ghada , Ali Suhad A.
Published: February 2020

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in men and second in women with 1.8 million new cases (1,026,000 men and 823, 3 women) and almost 881.000 deaths. Rates are substantially higher in males than in females Worldwide in 2018.Aim of the work: In this retrospective study we aimed to evaluate the prognostic impact of baseline NLR and platelet count on the clinicopathological factors and outcome in patients of all stages Colorectal cancer treated from 1st of January 2014 to the end of December 2016 in Department of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Ain Shams University hospitals, Cairo, Egypt.Patients and methods: Out of 409 patient’s medical records in the GI oncology unit, Ain Shams Clinical Oncology Department were reviewed from the period between 1st of January 2014 to 30 December 2016. Total neutrophils, lymphocytic, and platelets’ counts were available for only 169 patients. Study ended in 1st of August 2018 with median period of follow up of 27.5 month, ranging between 1/1/2014 to 1/8/2018. All patients (169) were pathologically proven colorectal adenocarcinoma, with age ranging from 18-75 years old (median age: 55.5 yrs.)Results: Out of 169 patients enrolled in this study, 124 patients were resectable and underwent curative surgeries, 44 patients tumour was right located and 80 patient’s tumour located in the left sided colon. 45 patients were metastatic from the start. Postoperative Platelets ≥ 310 in our study was statistically significant regarding OS, PFS and DFS (P values <.001, <.001 and 0.007) respectively. Pre-treatment platelet revealed more frequent thrombocytosis in metastatic group than locally advanced group, yet statistically was not significant (P Value = .066). Postoperative NLR ≥ 2 was significant regarding OS, PFS and DFS among 169 enrolled patients (P values <.001, .002 and <.001) respectively. In the multivariate analysis, elevated postoperative NLR was proven as both independent prognostic and predictor factor for DFS, PFS and OAS. (sig. =.03, .03, ≤ 0.001 respectively). And platelet count is both independent prognostic factor and predictor for both PFS, OS with significance =.04, =.03 respectively).Conclusion: Abnormal NLR ratio (≥ 2) acting as a prognostic and predictor of decrease in DFS, PFS and OS in all patients groups. It also showed that abnormal platelet count (≥ 310) is prognostic and predictor of significant decrease in PFS and OS. Multidisciplinary management is needed to aware surgeons about importance of adequate lymph node dissection, our study showed a statistically significant decrease in OAS in patients underwent inadequate LNs dissection.
Invasive papillary ductal carcinoma of the breast: A case report
Authors: Hadi Amani S , Hamid Gamal Abdul , Al-Areqee Refaat , Abdullah Wafa
Published: February 2020

The general rate of intrusive papillary carcinoma (IPC) is uncommon, representing for less than 1-2 % of invasive breast cancers. They are most generally observed in postmenposal females and uncommon in males. Invasive papillary carcinomas are low grade tumors originating from large or dilated ducts. They are make out of all around outlined solid nodules of monotones neoplastic cell separated by network of fibrovascular cores, IPC is a remarkable sort of breast cancer and regarded of whether it is in-situ or invasive, it has brilliant prognosis. We presenting two cases of invasive papillary carcinoma in male and female; A case of 55years postmenoposal female who presented with history of left breast mass, which this mass notice after trauma same site for 1 year ago the mass gradually increase in size no tenderness, no signs of inflammation. Excisional biopsy was performed and specimen was histopathology diagnosed as invasive papillary carcinoma, left MRM was performed and histopathology diagnosis confirmed and without residual tumor seen in submitted slides and all submitted lymph nodes were free of tumor infiltration (0/14). IHC show ER and PR negative with HER-2 positive. The second case 70 years male presented with right breast mass and history of post-trauma since one year back with gradual increase in size, right radical mastectomy done and histopathology diagnosed as invasive papillary carcinoma, IHC was done ER and PR positive with HER2- negative.