bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Családanyák szerepvállalása a munkamigráció folyamatában
Authors: Nagy-Menyhárt Szidónia
Published: December 2021

A nemzetközi szakirodalom különböző elméletek és paradigmák mentén definiálja a munkavállalás szándékával történő migrációt, ok-okozati összefüggést keresve a különböző migrációs hullámok magyarázatára. A migrációs kutatásaiban láthatóvá válnak a transznacionalizmus sajátosságai, valamint a családanyák megnövekedett aránya. A migráció feminizációja során nők milliói válnak családfenntartóvá azáltal, hogy otthonuktól távol egy másik országban vállalnak munkát, új munkamegosztási helyzetet alakítva ki a családon belül. Az anya fizikai jelenlétű gondoskodását az anyagi természetű gondoskodás váltja fel. Tanulmányomban három dimenzióban közelítem meg a családanyák szerepvállalását a munkamigráció folyamatában. A nemzetközi szakirodalmi kitekintést térségi, majd helyi szintű kutatás követ. A családanyák munkamigrációs történetének elemzése arra fókuszál, hogy miként jelenik meg élettörténetükben a külföldi munkavállalás, és milyen okok állnak mögötte.
Az egészség komplex megközelítése, mint az egészség-szociológiai vizsgálatok elméleti kerete
Authors: Moravcsik-Kornyicki Ágota , R. Fedor Anita
Published: December 2021

A közép-kelet-európai térség egészében, és így Magyarországon is rosszak a népesség egészségmutatói. A magyarok egészségi állapota nem elszigetelt, nem egyedi jelenség. Magyarország társadalmának egészségi állapota a legrosszabbak közé sorolható Európai Uniós viszonylatban.

Tanulmányunkban az egészség komplex megközelítését, a társadalmi beágyazottságát mutatjuk be azzal a céllal, hogy elméleti alapját adjuk egy általunk tervezett a hazai egészség jellemzőket célkeresztbe állító vizsgálatnak.

Az elméleti áttekintésben hangsúly helyeződik a társadalomtudományok bizonyos tudományterületei által használt egészség definíciókra, az egészség magyarázó tényezőinek bemutatására, tézisek és modellek kontextusára. Jelen munkánk és jövőbeli kutatásunk körülírása nem nélkülözheti az egészség fogalmának meghatározásban lezajlott változások nyomon követését, ezért elsőként ennek elemzésre térünk ki. Az elméleti alapok lefektetésében az egészség komplex szemléletéhez nyúlunk vissza, melyben a biomedikális és bio-pszicho-szociális modellek bemutatására térünk ki részletesen, majd az egészség gazdasági és társadalmi modelljeit ismertetjük. Továbbá foglalkozunk az egyén és a társadalom egészségét meghatározó egészségdeterminánsokkal is.
Hubungan Penggunaan Gadget dengan Interaksi Sosial Anak Kelompok A Di TK Muslimat NU Sunan Giri Kecamatan Balung Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Marta Dwi Mei Mentari , Suhartiningsih Suhartiningsih , Saputri Senny Weyara Dienda
Published: December 2021

Kemajuan teknologi membuat pengguna menjadi ketergantungan Penelitian ini di latarbelakangi dengan banyaknya orang tua yang membiarkan anak usia 3-6 tahun untuk bermain gadget dengan alasan agar anak duduk tenang dan tidak rewel. Anak yang terbiasa bermain menggunakan gadget, akan lebih memilihuntuk bermain game di gadget daripada untuk bermain di luar rumah dengan teman seusianya. Interaksi sosial antara anak dengan masyarakat dan lingkungan sekitarnya menjadi berkurang. Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengetahui hubungan penggunaan gadget dengan interaksi sosial anak Kelompok A di TK Muslimat NU Sunan Giri Kecamatan Balung Kabupaten Jember. Metode penelitian menggunakan jenis penelitian korelasional dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi pada penelitian ini seluruh anak Kelompok A sebanyak 58 anak. Pengumpulan data menggunakan angket dan dokumen. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui terdapat Hubungan Penggunaan Gadget dengan Interaksi Sosial Anak Kelompok A di TK Muslimat NU Sunan Giri Kecamatan Balung Kabupaten Jember.
Development of motive as an incentive to success at the initial stage of learning music
Authors: Dolgushina Marionella Y. , Dolgushina Anna A.
Published: December 2021

We present material on the problem of intensification of teaching music to preschool students from the standpoint of the analysis of pedagogical interaction aimed at the development of positive motivation. Due to the many diverse interests, it is difficult for a child at this age to focus on music only and form positive motivation. The motive is understood as the rationale for a sustainable desire for a certain activity. Motives, like other personality traits of a preschool student, are unstable and varied. The child is susceptible to many constructive and destructive factors of development, which often distract him and extinguish the motive for achieving musical success. Strengthening of motivation and appropriate methodological support of the personality-oriented technology of teaching music at the initial stage is required. The development of motive is cross-cutting and accompanies the cognitive and effective stages. For each stage, a selection of creative tasks is presented – methodic support, since reproductive activity quickly reduces interest and the motive is replaced by another. For the majority, a combination of various directions of creative activity is effective. The ideal conditions for keeping motive in the course of learning is a highly qualified teacher who knows personality-oriented technologies, and an interested preschool student, a bearer of musical abilities at a sufficient level. And the main thing is their benevolent interaction. The expected results are presented. That is, the development of the motive for achievements in music at the initial stage will allow the teacher to retain interest and, on the basis of the motivation of the future musician, carry out from small performances to success.
Development of lexical speech skills of high school students based on educational computer games
Authors: Shmelev Bogdan A.
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the study is to substantiate the didactic potential of educational computer games in the development of lexical speech skills in high school students. We analyze the basic skills that are formed in the study of vocabulary. The basic lexical skills and their division into productive and receptive skills are considered. The analysis of the basic principles under which the process of learning foreign words takes place is carried out. The main advantages associated with learning vocabulary using computer games are considered. These include: encouraging creativity, the ability to create teamwork, easy adaptation for all ages and all language levels. The reasons for the growing popularity of games are analyzed in the context of training. These reasons include: in-terest that students have in class through games; beneficial effect on the educational process; the emergence of a need to create such a learning environment; the emergence of skills of independent work. Scientific novelty consists in the generalization of the experience of teaching vocabulary based on computer games. We also analyze the main advantages associated with teaching foreign language vocabulary to high school students using computer games and consider the reasons for the growth in popularity of games in the context of foreign languages teaching. As a result, a conclusion is made about the positive influence of computer games in foreign language teaching and improving the lexical skills of high school students.
Development of construction basics of pedagogical technology for social experience formation among preschoolers interacting with peers with disabilities
Authors: Pakhomov Ilya A. , Makarova Lyudmila N.
Published: December 2021

The development of the construction basics of pedagogical technology for social experience formation of preschoolers interacting with disabled children is relevant. We analyze the basic definitions of pedagogical technology and its main characteristics: scientific validity, procedurality, integrity, focus on solving pedagogical tasks, practical applicability, effectiveness, completeness. The difficulties of developing pedagogical technology for the formation of social experience, taking into account their interaction with children with disabilities, are revealed. The substantiated successive stages of the developed pedagogical technology are diagnostic ascertaining, analytical-designing, effective-regulatory, reflexive-controlling. The revealed specifics of each of the stages, manifested when working in the conditions of interaction of preschoolers with peers with disabilities should be considered when planning and implementing pedagogical procedures. We reveal difficulties of realization of the designated stages of pedagogical technology of social experience formation of preschoolers and offer variants of their constructive overcoming. Formation technologies for related constructions in the psyche of preschoolers interacting with peers with disabilities (social intelligence, social competencies, social representations, etc.) can also be developed based on the selected stages. The results obtained can also be useful in the framework of the organization of experimental work with children studying at other stages of the educational process, since they are largely devoted to the basic basics of building pedagogical technology, rather than specifically developing technologies for working with preschoolers.
Formation of students’ civic culture in the study of works by Belarusian educators
Authors: Baranova Alla S.
Published: December 2021

We consider the current issue of the formation of the students’ civic culture in connection with the study of the works by Belarusian educators. They from a civil position covered the Belarusian enlightenment issues, showed public education importance, the huge role of the intellectuals in this process. The civil position of the enlighteners is that they closely linked the issues of public education with the welfare of the population. The significant pedagogical ideas presented in the works of M. Bogdanovich, I.D. Gorbachevsky and N.Ya. Nikiforovsky are considered in detail. They analyzed the rural teachers problems as the education improvement of the people largely depended on rural teachers; they note the importance of labor, moral education, respect for elders, the need to develop gardening, gardening, beekeeping, environmental protection, the relevance of education and upbringing of women, the implementation of an individual approach to students. The works of the enlighteners note the tolerance and peacefulness of Belarusians, their desire to comprehend other cultures, respect the rights of other nationalities. The formation of students’ civic position is facilitated by the study and analysis of issues related to the emergence of Belarusian writing, the peculiarities of the development of Belarusian culture, the Belarusian language, as well as ways of interaction of Belarusian culture with the cultures of other peoples.
Keverni vagy nem keverni? A hibrid adatfelvételekben rejlő lehetőségek politikai témájú kérdőívek esetén
Authors: Stefkovics Ádám
Published: December 2021

A világszerte csökkenő válaszadási hajlandóság és más problémák miatt egyre kevésbé képes jó minőségű és megbízható adatokkal szolgálni az empirikus szociológia meghatározó hagyományos módszere, a kérdőívezés. A nehézségek kezelését célzó számos innovatív módszertani kísérlet közül az adatfelvételi módok keverése népszerű megközelítés. Jelen tanulmány célja a hibrid adatfelvételekben rejlő lehetőségek feltérképezése. A szerző – különböző paraméterek szerint – két hibrid mintát hasonlít össze egy egycsatornás telefonos mintával. A minták felvételére a 2018-as magyarországi országgyűlési választások előtt került sor. Az eredmények azt mutatják, hogy a hibrid mérések több szempontból is kisebb hibát eredményeznek, mint az egycsatornás mérés. A párhuzamos, nemvalószínűségi online mintát tartalmazó hibrid mérések nagyon pontosan jelzik előre a választási eredményeket. Ugyanakkor más problémákra (például az alacsony válaszadási arányokra) az adatfelvételi módok keverése nem feltétlenül jelent megoldást. A hibrid módszertan potenciálisan javíthatja a kérdőíves felvételek minőségét és megbízhatóságát, azonban Magyarországon egyelőre alig van ismeretünk arról, hogy mely adatfelvételi konstrukciók lehetnek a leghatékonyabbak, így további kutatások szükségesek a témában.
Apresentação do dossiê: UniRila: um espaço de imanência de integração e de promoção de afecções acadêmicas no Corredor Bioceânico
Authors: Maciel Ruberval Franco
Published: December 2021

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INDIVIDUAL DISTRIBUTION OF THERMAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN AN APARTMENT BUILDING: PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE
Authors: Deshko V , Shovkaliuk M. , Honcharov N. , Politykina N.
Published: December 2021

The cost of thermal energy production is constantly growing, on average, tariffs in the regions of Ukraine have tripled in recent years. The component of payment for heating in utility costs is the main one for most apartment buildings, but due to the peculiarities of district heating systems, residents do not have an impact on heat consumption, and there is a problem of uneven heat distribution: some rooms are overheated, others unheated. The normative documents of Ukraine indicate the installation of metering and regulation of energy consumption as one of the main measures to increase the level of energy efficiency of buildings. Modernization of heating engineering systems with the installation of thermostats and heat distributors is one of the most discussed energy saving measures at the general meeting of condominiums, which is of interest to most residents of buildings in operation. Experience shows that after the installation of such devices, the consumption of thermal energy by buildings is reduced, which leads to a reduction in heating costs.

The relevance of the topic of this article is to study modern methods of individual distribution of thermal energy in apartment buildings, in particular in houses with a vertical heating system. The object of the study is an existing apartment building in Kyiv, where, starting in 2019, thermal energy distributors were put into operation. The subject of the study is the methods of heat distribution between apartments and the analysis of the practical results of the implementation of such a project in the existing serial building in Kyiv.

The following research tasks were set:  collection of general information about thermal energy distributors, their types and principles of operation; analysis of the current regulatory framework regarding the problem of individual accounting of thermal energy; analysis of the method of heat energy distribution adopted in Ukraine with identification of the main problems that arise during its application; analysis of practical results of thermal energy distribution in an apartment building in Kyiv.
ENERGY-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS SECTORS OF THE ECONOMY OF UKRAINE
Authors: Panchenko G.G.
Published: December 2021

The work is devoted to methods of calculating the total energy intensity of fuel, currency, products, labor costs, raw materials and materials necessary for the practical application of energy-economic analysis of production efficiency. The article proposes a simplified methodology and performs calculations to estimate the total energy intensity of currency and products of seven sectors of the economy of Ukraine, which produce food, mineral, chemical, metallurgical and machine-building products, as well as services - transport and computer programming. Calculations were made for three types of fuel - nuclear fuel, coal and natural gas, which in 2017 accounted for more than 76% of total fuel consumption in Ukraine. The main components of the total energy intensity of the products of the national economy are due to the use of fuel for the production of fuel, electricity and heat and raw materials, as well as the cost of fuel for the production of products that workers buy for wages. The article identifies the relative energy and economic efficiency of fuel use in the economy of Ukraine
THERMAL STATE OF THE AIR - GROUND HEAT EXCHANGER PREDICTION BASED ON ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK
Authors: Basok B.I. , Novitska M.P , Nedbailo O.M. , Tkachenko M.V , Bozhko I.K.
Published: December 2021

The work aim is to predict the thermal state of the air-ground heat exchanger based on an artificial neural network. Training, testing and validation of the proposed model were made on experimental data obtained in the thermophysical laboratory of the Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. A simple neural network is used in this work. The air temperature at the inlet to the heat exchanger, and its relative humidity are selected as input parameters for the neural network. The MATLAB (R2016a) and Levenberg-Markwatt model were used in this article's calculations. One hidden layer and 10 neurons were presented in the model. The array of analysed data was divided into ratios of 70%, 15%, 15% for neural network training, validation and testing, respectively. As a result, it is obtained that the forecasting takes place with acceptable accuracy in all models. The root mean square error for the whole data set for different models varies from 0.105 to 2.323°С. The maximum mean absolute percentage error was the largest for CFD model and was 11.2%. The minimum mean bias error of the predicted data from the experimentally measured ones was found in the model using temperature, humidity, and air temperature at the outlet of the air-ground heat exchanger for the previous hour and was 0.02%. The training and testing of the proposed models based on an artificial neural network are satisfactory enough to predict the temperature taking into account the influence of weather conditions. Artificial neural networks can be used to predict the thermal state of the air-ground heat exchanger. Data representing the description of a real system are required for forecasting the parameters based on the ANN.
Formant and formant-modulation estimation methods intelligibility of speech. Part 2. Accuracy and speed of measurements
Authors: Dronzhevskaya L. B. , Klimkov V.A. , Prodeus Arkadiy Mykolayovych , Shagitova D.A.
Published: December 2021

In this paper formant and formant-modulation methods are confronted on speed and exactness
The concept of Virtual Contention Window for 802.11 IBSS wireless local area network mathematic modeling
Authors: Lazebnyi A.V. , Lazebnyi Volodymyr Semenovych
Published: December 2021

The concept of a virtual contention window for assessment of temporal and probabilistic characteristics of the processes occurring in the wireless LAN 802.11 is considered. The relations for determining the transmission time delay of the data package, the uneven of transmission time, throughput of wireless channel, the probability of packet loss for networks with saturated load are proposed in this paper.
PROPER NAME IN SYNCHRONISTIC COINCIDENCES
Authors:   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Berestnev G.I.
Published: December 2021

The article launches a new approach to studying coincident proper names in different cultural conditions - names viewed in a synchronistic perspective, in the Jungian sense. The paper purports to answer a number of questions adding to the theory of language, depth psychology and cognitive science. The main research methods, such as cognitive analysis and reconstruction, allow recovering data on deep cognitive attitudes of a person and possible connections of his/her mental sphere with physical reality. In this regard, the functional and cognitive nature of proper names is analyzed. It is determined by a number of characteristics that form the basis for further research. The paper further elaborates on the conditions and models of synchronistic coincidences of proper nouns (mostly personal names). The identified conditions and models are as follows: a) thematic seriality of personal names; b) their cross-matching; c) their systemic parallel matching; d) their complete coincidence in space and time; e) their promising coincidences in fortune telling; f) coincidence of ideal and real personal names; g) coincidences of personal names “framing” certain historical epochs; h) coincidences of proper names, removing the referential certainty of the named subjects. The data presented in the article made it possible to make some generalizations and to outline research prospects in this area. First of all, researching proper names from the point of view of synchronistic coincidences allows us to have an insight into human cognition and shed light on its deep structure. In addition, such studies have interdisciplinary significance bringing cognitive linguistics and the fundamental sciences closer together. Finally, the analysis of synchronistic coincidences of proper names allows us to reconstruct some deep cognitive attitudes in the human psyche, demonstrating the unity of mental and physical realities. Even more promising in this regard is the unification of cognitive linguistics with other advanced scientific disciplines engaged in this issue.
WALKING CLOCKS AND SWIRLING GORGES: CONSTRUAL OF OBJECTS AND EVENTS IN DESCRIPTIONS OF PAINTINGS
Authors:   Moscow State Linguistic University, Iriskhanova O.K. , Prokofyeva O.N. ,   Moscow State Linguistic University
Published: December 2021

Despite numerous studies, the difference between objects and events remains one of the most debatable issues, and scholars look for arguments relying on ontology, epistemology, and language. The authors of the paper hypothesize that differences between objects and events construal can be observed not only in linguistic expressions referring to these entities, but in the gestures that accompany them. To verify the hypothesis, an empirical study was carried out, with 20 Russian participants spontaneously describing four paintings belonging to different artistic styles. The authors analyze co-occurrence of the units of speech (Elementary Discourse Units, or EDU) denoting either objects or events with gestures classified into mimetic modes and mimetic categories (Molding, Acting, Drawing, and Representing categories). The results show that there exists significant correlation between object-construal EDU and Molding gestures, on the one hand, and between event-construal EDU and Acting gestures, on the other hand. Besides, the study reveals that some speech-gesture patterns relate to such qualities of the paintings, as content, style, genre, and technique.
ON POSSIBILITY IN LOGIC AND IN COGNITIVE SEMANTICS
Authors:   Institute of Linguistics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Demyankov V.Z.
Published: December 2021

‘Possibility’ belongs to the main concepts of modal logic, it plays a key role in the ‘theory of possible worlds’ which was initiated by G.W. Leibniz, restarted in the 1950’s and is still fairly popular in formal logic, in philosophy of mind, and in cognitive semantics. Its main axioms and their consequences are here explored from a linguistic point of view demonstrating analogies between localist and purely logical approaches to the truth values in actual and in metaphoric worlds. Statistical analysis of a French corpus of literary and scholarly texts shows that lexical items of the ‘possible’ / ‘possibilité’ class are almost two times more frequent than their negative counterparts of the ‘impossible’ / ‘impossibilité’ class. The most frequent construction is ‘possible’ / ‘possibilité’ + ‘de’ + infinitive requiring the maximal array of factual information available to the speaker. The least frequent construction is ‘possible / ‘possibilité’ + ‘ à ’ + infinitive. Such and similar data reveal a scale of textual expectations generated by the lexical items belonging to the ‘possibility’ class in French.
LANGUAGE REPRESENTATION OF INTERCULTURAL RELATIONS IN ANGLOPHONE ART DISCOURSE ON SOVIET FINE ARTS OF THE “THAW” PERIOD
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Petukhova T.I. , Sokolova N.Yu. ,   Saint Petersburg State University, Khomyakova E.G. ,   Saint Petersburg State University
Published: December 2021

The article deals with language representation of the Soviet Union and Western countries intercultural relations in fine arts, reflected in modern Anglophone art discourse. The investigation focuses on the peculiarities used to convey in art critical discourse socio-political concepts, representing cognitive contexts, specific patterns of socio-cultural knowledge, as well as linguistic representation of “Self vs Other” opposition, embedded in cultural interaction in art. A comprehensive lexical, semantic, contextual, linguistic, and cognitive analysis of international art criticism made it possible to reveal that the Cold War and cultural integration are the two overarching cognitive contexts that shape the comprehension and evaluative interpretation of intercultural relations between the Soviet Union and Western countries of the 1950s-1960s. These cognitive contexts underlie the choice of language means used by an art expert to characterize intercultural relations in fine arts. The analysis demonstrates that in Anglophone art criticism these contexts provide an eventive framework. The binary “Self vs Other” opposition can be conveyed in an art history text at different levels, showing its dynamics and in some cases involving a stepwise “Other” to “Self” transformation.
GENERATION, UNDERSTANDING AND RECOGNITION OF AN INDIVIDUAL AUTHOR’SMETAPHOR WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF ARTISTIC DISCOURSE
Authors:   Derzhavin Tambov State University, Riabykh E.B.
Published: December 2021

The article discusses the issues of generating, understanding and recognizing an individual author’s metaphor within the framework of artistic discourse. The subjectivity of metaphorical modeling the world is understood as an individual and selective understanding of it which determines the peculiarities of its perception. The issues of the connection of the process of metaphorical modeling with intuition and cognition are considered. The author makesan assumption about four possible variants of the process of generating metaphors. It is emphasized that in the process of metaphorical interpretation of the world, the personal-physiological context, the historical, socio-cultural context of the author, the situational context, as well as the context of discourse become dominant. It is noted that for successful identification and understanding of a metaphor, it is necessary, among otherthings, to havecommon knowledge about the world in the form of cognitive images of consciousness and the author’s contexts listed above, which prevail in the process of his individual creativity when generating a metaphor. The possibilities and problems of automatic recognition and identification of metaphors are considered.
RESEARCH OF PROCESSES OF FORMATION OF STRUCTURE OF COMPOSITE THERMAL INSULATION MATERIALS ON THE BASIS OF LIQUID GLASS BTAINED WITH THE USE OF ENVIRONMENTALLY SAFE MICROWAVE TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Rymar Tatyana Ernstovna , Suvorin Oleksandr Viktorovith
Published: December 2021

Improving the efficiency of energy use is one of the main tasks in the chemical industry not only in Ukraine but also around the world, which is due to the steady rise in energy prices. In this regard, an effective way to save energy is the thermal modernization of buildings, industrial equipment and communications with thermal insulation materials. It should be noted that the share of domestic materials in the Ukrainian market is not more than 30 %. Therefore, the creation of new types of insulation materials is a very important task. This material is a heat–insulating material based on liquid glass, created with the involvement of microwave radiation as an alternative to traditional convective thermal heating. The technology of production of heat–insulating materials on the basis of liquid glass by hot foaming involves obtaining the material in the form of granules, not plates, due to the difficulty of uniform heating of the inner layers of large samples. The problem of large–scale production of high–quality thermal insulation materials based on liquid glass in plate form is not solved due to poor heating of the inner layers of the plate due to the low thermal conductivity of the swollen outer layers. That is why the production of composite thermal insulation materials based on granular filler and liquid glass binder is proposed to be carried out under the action of microwave radiation. Thermal insulation properties of expanded materials are directly determined by their macrostructure. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine changes in the structure of the material from the type and amount of ingredients used in the liquid glass composition. On the basis of the conducted researches it is shown that the materials with use as a filler of zinc oxide and as a gas–forming agent of hydrogen peroxide have the most ordered structure. It is established that their use in the amount of 9–10 wt.h. provides a rate of gas evolution and growth of pore centers, which is comparable to the process of curing composition, which allows to obtain materials with a homogeneous, fine and closed–porous structure, which provides high insulating properties with a thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.05–0.055 W / m · K, which meets the requirements for thermal insulation materials.
APPLICATION OF MODERN BIOTECHNOLOGY METHODS TO IMPROVE SOIL FERTILITY
Authors: Zinchenko Mariya , Ponomarenko Evgenija , Shumeiko Kateryna
Published: December 2021

A person’s desire to improve the quality of life makes the individual reconsider the attitude towards the quality of consumed food. Despite the fact that the prices of natural products are several times higher than of those grown with the use of herbicides and pesticides, organic food is getting more popular in all countries around the world. Such products can only be received when crops are grown using organic farming methods, one of the principles of which is to increase the amount humus in the soil. The preservation of soil fertility can be ensured using the methods of modern biotechnology, which are based on the vital activity of microorganisms capable of converting organic matter from animal waste into environmentally friendly fertilizers. In animal husbandry, the main portion of agricultural waste is cattle and pig manure. The most economical way to dispose it is to use methane digestion, when biogas and fertilizers are obtained. However, when processing manure bedding materials in biogas reactors, the straw fractions and lignin–containing components of the bedding are not decomposed by bacteria and pass into the solid fraction of the fermented biomass unchanged, which is a problem. The infiltration of such an unprocessed residue into the soil leads to deterioration of soil properties. Thereby, the solid fraction of the fermented biomass requires additional processing to improve its agrochemical properties. Most expedient is to use vermicomposting, that is, process organic waste with the help of earthworms. Biohumus, or vermicompost, is one of the end products of this method. In this work, we studied the procedure of processing the solid fraction of fermented pig manure by Eisenia foetida compost worms (red Californian worm). In order to determine the optimal approach of vermicomposting, the experiment was planned. As a result, a high–quality organic fertilizer was obtained – biohumus –and the optimal parameters of the environment were determined(pH and humidity), at which the worms have the highest biological activity.
High-Pressure Flexible Pipe for Fracturing Fluid Delivery
Authors: Villarroel Enrique , Chochua Gocha , Garro Alex , Gnanavelu Abinesh
Published: December 2021

Hydraulic fracturing is a well stimulation treatment that has been around since the 1940s, becoming more popular in recent years because of the unconventional hydraulic fracturing boom in North America.

Between the 1990s and 2000s, the oil and gas industry found an effective way to extract hydrocarbons from formations that were previously uneconomical to produce. Consolidated unconventional formations such as shale and other tight rocks can now be artificially fractured to induce connectivity among the pores containing hydrocarbons, enabling them to easily flow into the wellbore for recovery at the surface.

The method of fracturing unconventional reservoirs requires a large amount of surface equipment, continuously working to stimulate the multiple stages perforated along the horizontal section of the shale formation. The operations normally happen on a single or multi-wells pad with several sets of perforations fractured by using the zipper-fracturing methodology (Sierra & Mayerhofer, 2014). Compared with conventional hydraulic fracturing, the surface equipment must perform for extended pump time periods with only short stops for maintenance and replacement of damaged components.

This paper addresses improvements made to the fracturing fluid delivery systems as an alternative to the fracturing iron traditionally used in fracture stimulation services. The improvement aims to enhance equipment reliability and simplify surface setup while reducing surface friction pressure during the hydraulic fracturing treatment.
Nutritional Support and Prophylaxis of Azithromycin for Pregnant Women to Improve Birth Outcomes in Peri-Urban Slums of Karachi, Pakistan – A Protocol of Multi-arm Assessor Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial (Mumta PW Trial)
Authors: Muhammad Ameer , Fazal Zoha Zahid , Baloch Benazir , Nisar Imran , Jehan Fyezah , Shafiq Yasir
Published: December 2021

BackgroundMaternal undernutrition is critical in the etiology of poor perinatal outcomes and accounts for 20% of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) births. High levels of food insecurity, antenatal undernourishment and childhood undernutrition necessitate the supplementation of fortified balanced energy-protein (BEP) during pregnancy in low-income settings especially with scarce literature available in this subject. Hence, this paper extensively covers the protocol of such a trial conducted in an urban slum of Karachi, Pakistan. Methods The trial is community-based, open-labelled, four-arm, and randomized controlled that will include parallel group assignments with a 1:1:1:1 allocation ratio in low-income squatter settlements in urban Karachi, Pakistan. All pregnant women (PW), if identified between > 8 and <19 weeks of gestation based on ultrasound, will be offered routine antenatal care (ANC) counseling and voluntary participation in the trial after written informed consent. A total number of 1836 PW will be enrolled with informed consent and randomly allocated to one of the four arms receiving: (1) ANC counseling only (control group), (2) ANC counseling plus BEP supplement (intervention arm 1), (3) ANC counseling plus BEP supplement plus 2 doses Azithromycin (intervention arm 2), or (4) ANC counseling plus BEP supplement plus daily single dose of Nicotinamide and Choline (intervention arm 3). Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04012177. Registered on July 9, 2019. (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04012177)
Label-Free LC-MS/MS Proteomics Analyses Reveal Proteomic Changes In Oxidative Stress And The SOD Antioxidant Strategy In TM Cells.
Authors: Li Qian , Zhang Liyu , Xu Yuxin
Published: December 2021

Background: Treatment for glaucoma has traditionally been limited to reducing intraocular pressure (IOP). Inhibiting oxidative stress in the trabecular meshwork (TM) is regarded as a new treatment for glaucoma; however, the effects do not meet expectations. Exploring the mechanism by which oxidative stress and antioxidant stress occur in TM cells will offer clues to aid the development of new treatments.Methods and results: In our study, we cultured TM cells and used H2O2 and SOD to induce and inhibit oxidative stress, respectively. Label-free LC–MS/MS quantitative proteomic analysis was conducted to analyze the differentially expressed proteins and relevant signaling pathways. A total of 24 upregulated proteins and 18 downregulated proteins were identified under oxidative stress. PTGS2, TGFβr2 and ICAM-1 were the key proteins. The PTGS2/NF-ĸb pathway, TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway and AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications may be the major signaling pathways under conditions of ROS-induced damage in TM cells. Seventy-eight proteins were upregulated and 73 proteins were downregulated under antioxidant stress in TM cells. The key proteins included collagen family proteins, which were upregulated, and ICAM-1, which was downregulated. The ECM-receptor interaction pathway was the most important pathway under antioxidant stress.Conclusions: Key proteins and signaling pathways play important roles in the mechanisms of oxidative stress and antioxidant strategies in TM cells. ICAM-1 knockdown can suppress the apoptosis of TM cells induced by H2O2, which may reveal new therapeutic targets and biomarkers for glaucoma.
Associations of Physiological State, Cognitive Function, Sensory Function, and Biochemical Index with Frailty Status Among Patients with Schizophrenia
Authors: Wu Li-Hui , Kao Ching-Yun , Chang Shu-Fang
Published: December 2021

The literature on the prevalence and effect of the frailty status of patients with schizophrenia is limited. The interactions between frailty and psychiatric disorders warrant exploration. This study primarily aimed to explore the associations of physiological state, cognitive function, sensory function, and biochemical index with frailty status among patients with schizophrenia. A cross-sectional study design was adopted. Patients with schizophrenia were selected using purposive sampling. Frailty was revealed to be more prevalent with lower educational attainment, more hospitalization days, higher skeletal muscle percentage, higher basal metabolic rate, having fallen in the past year, use of anxiolytics or tranquilizers and sleeping pills, lower cognitive function, and use of assistive equipment. In addition, physiological state, cognitive function, and sensory function differed depending on the incidence of frailty among patients with schizophrenia. Cognitive function and the reduction of frailty incidence should be emphasized. Institutional nursing staff should regularly assess patients’ frailty risk, pay attention to changes in patients’ physiological state, monitor the cognitive function of patients, and recommend physical therapy and exercises to improve the strength, conditioning, and mobility of patients with schizophrenia for health maintenance and positive aging.
Placing equity at the heart of eHealth implementation: A qualitative pilot study
Authors: Heinsch Milena , Tickner Campbell , Kay-Lambkin Frances
Published: December 2021

Background: There is a growing urgency to tackle issues of equity and justice in the implementation of eHealth technologies. Methods: Qualitative interviews were conducted with 19 multidisciplinary health professionals to explore the implementation and uptake of eHealth technologies in practice. Results were analysed using Nancy Fraser’s social justice framework to identify key dimensions and patterns of distribution, recognition, and participation in the implementation of digital health services.Results: Health professionals reported that eHealth offered their clients a greater sense of safety, convenience, and flexibility, allowing them to determine the nature and pace of their healthcare, and giving them more control over their treatment and recovery. However, they also expressed concerns about the use of eHealth with clients whose home environment is unsafe. Application of Fraser’s social justice framework revealed that eHealth technologies may not always provide a secure clinical space in which the voices of vulnerable clients can be recognised and heard. It also highlighted critical systemic and cultural barriers that hinder the representation of clients’ voices in the decision to use eHealth technologies and perpetuate inequalities in the distribution of eHealth servies.Conclusions: To facilitate broad participation, eHealth tools need to be adaptable to the needs and circumstances of diverse groups. Future implementation science efforts must also be directed at identifying and addressing the underlying structures that hinder equitable recognition, representation, and distribution in the implementation of eHealth resources.
Keloid-Specific Gene Expression Profiling for Accurate Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications
Authors: Choi Miae , Lyu Jaemyun , Muthuramalingam Karthika , Lee Eunmyong , Oh Yoojoung , Sohn Insuk , Lee Jong-Hee , Kim Seok-Hyung
Published: December 2021

Scars are a heterogeneous disease including normotrophic scars, hypertrophic scars, and keloids. Of these lesions, keloids are a distinct subtype from any other type of scar. Clinically, it causes pain, itching, or tenderness, causing life discomfort and characteristically irreversible. Despite various treatment modalities, restoring keloids to normal tissues is difficult, and frequent recurrences have been reported. Therefore, it is essential to identify keloid-specific genes for accurate diagnosis and treatment of keloids. In an effort to find out keloid-specific genes, several studies compared keloids with scar-free normal skin, which leading general scar-related genes to be chosen rather than keloid-specific genes. To select for highly accurate keloid-specific genes and pathways, we compared the transcriptome profile of keloids with those of normotrophic scars and hypertrophic scars, which acquired from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded human skin samples using high-throughput RNA-sequencing techniques. Differential expression analyses and over-representation analyses revealed that genes related to nervous system process were upregulated in keloids, whereas genes related with immune responses were downregulated in keloids. Additionally, the extracellular matrix related processes were highlighted in both hypertrophic scars and keloids. Finally, we highlight potential keloid-specific biomarkers and expression changes that can be employed for future therapeutics of keloids.
Experimental Analyses of the Additive Effect of TiO2 Nanoparticles on the Tribological Properties of Lubricating Oil
Authors: BIRLEANU CORINA , PUSTAN MARIUS , CIOAZA MIRCEA , MOLEA ANDREEA , POPA FLORIN , CONTIU GLAD
Published: December 2021

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a promising lubricant additive for enhanced engine efficiency. In this study, pure base engine oil 10 W-30 was improved with titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles at different concentrations and experimentally evaluated with the scope of tribological behavior improvement. The tribological tests were performed at ambient temperature as well as at 75°C using a four ball tribometer for 30 minutes. Due to their small particle size (approx. 21 nm), the TiO2 nanoparticles were properly dispersed in oil based on optical microscopy evaluation. The tribological results indicate that the friction coefficient of engine oil with 0.075 wt.% TiO2 reached 0.05 at 75°C, which was much lower that of pure oil (1.20), and at room temperature (23°C), it decreased from 1.8 for pure oil to 0.4 for oil with 0.075 wt.% TiO2 due to the formation of a stable tribofilm formed by the MoS2, MoO3, FeS, and FeSO4 composite within the wear track. The lowest wear volume was measured on samples tested at 75°C for the oil with 0.075 wt.% TiO2. The TiO2 additive lubricant effect on the tribofilm properties led to a decrease in friction and wear at an operating temperature of 75°C. The main objective of the paper is to present the recent progress and, consequently, to develop a comprehensive understanding of the tribological behavior of engine oil mixed with TiO2 nanoparticles.
Effects of Cigarette Smoke Exposure on Placental Global DNA Methylation and 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine Levels in Mother-new-born Binomials
Authors: Diaz-Garcia Hector , Vilchis-Gil Jenny , Castro-Cerritos Karla Viridiana , García-Roca Pilar , Klünder-Klünder Miguel , Gómez-López Jaqueline , Granados-Riveron Javier Tadeo , López-Torres Adolfo , Sánchez-Urbina Rocio
Published: December 2021

Background: Smoking is practiced worldwide for both men and women, and it is associated with different diseases and deleterious effects on gestational products, chiefly during pregnancy. Epigenetic alterations induced by cigarette smoke must be related to perinatal abnormalities. Methods: 219 pregnant women, aged 16 to 34 years, with or without a history of cigarette consumption (1–5/day) during the first trimester of pregnancy and their offspring were studied in this work. A validated dietary questionnaire was used to estimate daily consumptions of macronutrients and micronutrients, including total energy, during pregnancy. As a marker of DNA damage, 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels were determined in plasma of women, before delivery, in umbilical cord blood after delivery, in the new-borns. The proportion of methylated DNA in the placentas (metDNA) was determined by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS). Results: Non-significant differences were observed between smoking and non-smoking women groups, or between the new-borns groups (p > 0.05). Smoking women showed up higher intakes of vitamins, lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates in comparison with non-smoking women (p < 0.01). 8-OHdG levels correlated among the mothers and new-borns (p = 5.386e-15) and were lower in the smoking binomials in comparison with non-smoking binomials (β = −1.20 to −64). Negative correlations were found between micronutrients and macronutrients but Vitamin C, and 8-OHdG levels of the women (p < 0.01). However, the new-borns 8-OHdG correlated with proteins, vitamin A, and vitamin B12 (p < 0.05). Cigarettes consumed per day correlated to the 8-8HdG levels (Rho = −0.247, p = 0.012), alcohol consumption (Rho = 0.219, p = 0.001), to macronutrients (Rho = 212 to 332, p < 0.01), micronutrients (Rho = 186 to 289, p < 0.01), and to energy (Rho = 0.286, p = 0.001). Finally, metDNA deceased in the smoking women than in the non-smoking women (β = −0.12, p < 0.05), and correlated with the number of cigarettes consumed per day (Rho = −0.229, p = 0.009). Conclusion: Cigarette smoking alters metDNA levels of the placenta, however, their clinical effects come out over years or transgenerationally.
Surgical Treatment of Ruptured Infectious Femoral Pseudoaneurysms Caused By Intravenous Drug Abuse: A Nonemergent (Postponed) Operation Pattern May Be a Possible Alternative
Authors: Luo Xing , Li Ke , He Chao Gui , Chen Ke Qin , Gong Dao Xing , Yang Bo , Li Bo , Liu Zheng Yu
Published: December 2021

Objective: To evaluate the possibility of surgical treatment of ruptured infectious femoral pseudoaneurysms caused by intravenous drug abuse in a nonemergent operation pattern, with retrospective analysis of clinical data and experience at a single center.Methods: Clinical data of 85 consecutive patients presenting with groin area active or recent hemorrhage due to a ruptured infectious femoral artery pseudoaneurysm related to drug abuse who were treated in the First Hospital of Changsha, China, from July 2008 to June 2020 were collected and analyzed.Results: A total of 74.1% of patients presented with active hemorrhage, and 36.5% presented with significant hypotension at admission. The average interval between arrival and operation was 34.7±4.7 hours. Vital physiological parameters and overall situation improved significantly after sufficient preoperative preparation. Satisfactory hemostasis can be achieved by bandage compression or local skin suture. No case was transferred to urgent operation due to severe bleeding, and 1 postoperative death case was observed in the cohort. The main operative- and postoperative-related indicators were satisfactory and close to those in the emergent operation pattern.Conclusion: While emergent or urgent operation is the mainstream surgical treatment for ruptured infectious femoral pseudoaneurysms, nonemergent (postponed) operation with sufficient preoperative preparation might also be an acceptable and comparable choice in some cases.