bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparing the Therapeutic Effects of Crocin, Escitalopram and Co-Administration of Escitalopram and Crocin on Learning and Memory in Rats with Stress-Induced Depression
Authors: Joodaki Mehran , Radahmadi Maryam , Alaei Hojjatallah
Published: August 2021

Background: Depression affects various brain functions. According to previous studies, escitalopram influences brain functions in depression and crocin reduces memory impairments. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the therapeutic effects of using crocin and escitalopram (separately and in combination) on learning and memory in rats with stress-induced depression.
Methods: Fifty-six rats were allocated into seven groups of control, sham, continuous depression, recovery period, daily injections of escitalopram, crocin and escitalopram-crocin during 14 days after inducing depression by stress. Passive avoidance (PA) test was used to assess brain functions.
Results: Latency has significant differences in depression group. Also, it significantly increased in depression-crocin, depression-escitalopram and depression-escitalopram-crocin groups compared to the depression group. The dark stay (DS) time was significantly higher in the depression and depression-recovery groups. However, the DS time significantly decreased in the depression-crocin, depression-escitalopram and depression-escitalopram-crocin groups. Furthermore, the number of entrances to the dark room was significantly lower in depression-crocin and depression-escitalopram-crocin groups compared to the depression one.
Conclusion: Different depression treatments (i.e. crocin, escitalopram and crocin- escitalopram) reduced depression-induced memory deficits. Crocin and escitalopram-crocin, respectively, improved brain functions and locomotor activity more than escitalopram. Comparatively, in subjects with depression, crocin, which is an effective saffron constituent, partially affected the memory deficits better than escitalopram (as a chemical component).
CINÉTICA DE PIRÓLISE PARA O SORGO LIGNOCELULÓSICO: ANÁLISE DE DADOS TERMOGRAVIMÉTRICOS PARA APLICAÇÃO DO MODELO DE FRIEDMAN
Authors: Silva Matheus , Oliveira Tiago , Ataíde Carlos , Cerqueira Daniel , Sousa Nádia , Cardoso Cássia
Published: August 2021

PYROLYSIS KINETICS FOR LIGNOCELLULOSIC SORGHUM: THERMOGRAVIMETRIC DATA ANALYSIS FOR FRIEDMAN MODEL APPLICATION. Renewable resources are alternatives to fossil fuels and pyrolysis is identified as a process for the generation of biofuel products. The lignocellulosic sorghum is a cereal produced in brazil and it presents several applications, such as the production of second-generation ethanol. The present work aimed to study the slow pyrolysis of lignocellulosic sorghum, the biomass was characterized by means of proximate, ultimate, composition and carbohydrate analyzes. Thermogravimetric analyzes were performed with heating rates between 5 and 25 K min-1 and with N2 atmosphere. The Friedman model allows obtaining the kinetic parameters of biomass decomposition and is widely used due to its simplicity and precision; however, since it is sensitive to experimental noise, an algorithm was developed for the calculation of kinetic parameters for the slow pyrolysis of this biomass, enabling an accurate analysis of the experimental data. The activation energy found by the proposed methodology was 122.65 ± 19.24 kJ mol-1, with determination coefficients above 0.97. The comparison between experimental and theoretical data presented deviation values of 0.934%, 3.408% and 1.101% for heating rates of 5, 10 and 15 K min-1, respectively, showing the accuracy for the determined kinetic parameters.
The figure of woman warrior in the poetic dialogue of Valerii Briusov and Nadezhda Lvova
Authors:   Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Zuseva-Ozkan Veronika B.
Published: August 2021

The article considers the development of the story of a duel between a woman warrior and a chosen hero in the poetic dialogue of Valerii Briusov and Nadezhda Lvova. The analysis of the poems constituting this dialogue (“Combat” by Briusov and “Your Helmet Rolled…” by Lvova) is made with reference to three aspects: gender aspect, life-building which was typical for the Symbolists and the topics of Briusov’s and Lvova’s works in general. “Combat”, based on the Eddic plot of Sigurd and Brunhild and submitting to the dominant idea of Briusov’s work (the idea of a hopeless struggle against Fate), gets transformed and the poem’s motifs are included in another plot which is central in Lvova’s work — that of lovers engaged in a fight against each other and fate whilst living and reuniting in the afterlife. The heroine is deprived of her status of half-goddess and becomes an earthly mortal woman. Although Briusov is not afraid to partly “feminize” his lyrical hero by showing him defeated in the combat against woman and Fate, and Lvova gives agency and initiative to the heroine, the gender roles in this male-female dialogue ultimately turn out to be rather traditional. Briusov’s hero dreams of a duel of equals against destiny, while Lvova’s heroine dreams of eternal love, which corresponds to gender stereotypes.
Ontological-dynamic Concepts of the I Ching Tradition and the Model of their Linguocultural Analysis
Authors:   Moscow State Institute of International Relations, Kruglov Vladislav V. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: August 2021

The accumulated historical experience and rich cultural heritage of the pre-axial Chinese civilization are concentrated and reflected in the ancient Chinese language. Therefore, linguistic methods of studying traditional Chinese philosophy and its conceptual apparatus are becoming relevant in modern Sinology. By focusing on the material of ancient Chinese philosophical works, it is possible to reconstruct the conceptual apparatus of traditional Chinese philosophy and culture in general, and some of the classics in particular. Among the sets of fundamental terms, it is worth highlighting the compendiums by Chan Wing-tsit, Joseph Needham, A. I. Kobzev, Wu Yi and A. M. Karapetyants, which formed the basis of this study. The object of the study is the ontological-dynamic concepts, and its purpose is to develop a model of their linguocultural analysis demonstrated on the example of certain terms, first of all, 人 ren, 德 de and 道 dao. The statistical analysis of conceptions of the I Ching tradition, namely “The Appended Commentaries”, helps to construct a monocentric semantic field of ontological terms with a heterogeneous core. This model of linguocultural analysis proves to be universal for many philosophical concepts.
Investigating African Belief in the Concept of Reincarnation: The case of Ifá and Ayò Ọlọ́pọ́n. Symbolism among the Yoruba of Southwestern Nigeria
Authors:   University of Ìlọrin, Òkéwándé Olúwọlé Tẹ́wọ́gboyè , Adébáyọ Adéfúnkẹ Kẹhìndé ,   University of Ìlọrin
Published: August 2021

The concept of reincarnation, a situation where a dead person comes back to life, is as old as human beings. However, there is divergence in the belief among various religions. African religion such as Ifá uses symbols to validate the belief in reincarnation. Ifá is the foundation of the culture of the Yoruba people. The present study aims to define the concept of reincarnation in Ifá and in ayò ọlọ́pọ́n to substantiate African beliefs in the concept of reincarnation. No known work either relates Ifá with the concept of reincarnation or connects ayò ọlọ́pọ́n with Ifá to solve a cultural problem. The present study fills this gap. Symbolism, a mode in semiotics where an object signifies or represents something or somebody, is adopted for the analysis of the study since symbolism is fundamental to Ifá. The visitation of Odù in Ifá is related to the ayò game, linking the symbolism in both Ifá and ayò ọlọ́pọ́n to the realization or application of the concept of reincarnation in human life, especially among Africans and the Yoruba people. It is determined that there is synergy between Ifá and ayò ọlọ́pọ́n, and reincarnation. The study concludes that reincarnation is an encapsulated concept illustrated by Ifá and ayò ọlọ́pọ́n- the religious and social life of the Yoruba people. African cultural symbols are tangible means of cultural heritage that solve contemporary and controversial human issues such as the African belief in reincarnation.
A Look at Yuri Bondarev in Turkey from Past to Present
Authors:   Karadeniz Teknik University, Can Emir Badegül , Saraç Hanife ,   Hanife Saraç
Published: August 2021

Yuri Vasilyevich Bondarev is one of the well-known names of 20th century Russian literature, and he is one Russian writer familiar to Turkish readers. A successful author of war prose, Bondarev attracted the attention of the Turkish audience with a wide range of literary works which includes novels, novellas, short stories, poems, articles, essays, interviews, etc. In this respect, the years in which he produced writings on the universal theme of war have an important place in Turkish politics. Bondarev began to be published in Turkey during the politization process following the military coup (1980) and he continued to be present in Turkey until the day he died. Especially in the 80’s when he was adopted as a war prose writer he was a guide for left-wing people in the struggle after the events of September 12. It is worth noting that the recent significant increase of interest in Bondarev’s work among Turkish linguists and philologists indicates that he is popular with the Turkish reader no less than the recognized classics of Russian literature. In this article, Bondarev’s position in Turkey from past to present will be analyzed in view of the studies on him in Turkish press and literature, and it will be emphasized that the author engrossed the Turkish reader with his artistic expertise and the ideology relayed through his works.
Philosophical and pedagogical views of the Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia Kirill (Gundyaev)
Authors:   Lev E. Shaposhnikov, Shaposhnikov Lev E.
Published: August 2021

The article analyses the historical and philosophical views of Patriarch Kirill and his evaluation of modern Western philosophy, formed in the era of postmodernism. A distinctive feature of that time is the blurring of the criteria that define the border between good and evil. According to the Patriarch, this approach is caused by the absolutization of a person’s freedom, considered beyond the context of one’s responsibility for the actions performed. As a result, the philosophy of liberalism justifies the rejection of the Christian commandments, since they are claimed to suppress one’s personal freedom. Thus, the Patriarch emphasizes the importance of preserving the “Christian dimension” of a person’s behavior. The present work pays special attention to the Patriarch’s conceptualization of the Russian philosophical tradition, which is views as an important means to preserve national identity. Representatives of the Russian religious renaissance (S. N. Bulgakov, N. A. Berdyaev, V. V. Zenkovsky and others), reflecting on the understanding of the Church, society, personality, were able to meet the challenges of the time and satisfy questioning believers. The article focuses on the Patriarch’s ideas related to educational issues and reforms. It is posited that educational innovations should be based on Russian traditions, namely on the fundamentality of education. In this respect, it is essential to realize that when introducing the unified state examination procedure as a universal system of students’ assessment, pedagogues need to amend educational plans in order to include the development of learners’ fundamental skills and knowledge. The Patriarch is opposed to the technocratic approach to education because the goal of education is reduced only to the formation of the skills necessary for work. He agrees that school graduates should possess certain competences related to their career, but they should know Russian history, literature, and culture at a sufficient level. The Patriarch’s aspiration to preserve the unity of education and upbringing as a unique feature of the Russian educational process is accentuated.
Religious education in Kazakhstan: Тhe challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors:   L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Lipina Tatyana A. , Shapoval Yuliya V. ,   L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: August 2021

The article explores the impact of distant learning and digital technologies on the educational process in theological education institutions, as well as on religious and educational practices at religious organizations in the context of the quarantine restrictions of the COVID-19 pandemic in Kazakhstan. The research methodology consisted of semi-structed interviews with organizers and participants of distant learning, clergy, focus group method, and the analysis of digital resources. The study included religious educational institutions representing Islam, Orthodoxy, Catholicism, as well as their religious education for believers. The authors conclude that the pandemic has accelerated the process of digitalization of religion in Kazakhstan, as well as the sphere of religious education. Based on Heidi Campbell’s religious-social shaping approach to technology, the authors claim that the reflection of the experience gained in distance learning by its participants expresses the process of coordinating the application of media technologies to religious education in order to legitimize their use in the Kazakhstani context. The research data reveals an ambiguous and mainly negative attitude toward distance learning among respondents which lead to the spreading of the discourse about the difficulties and limits of using new technologies for religious education with its traditional pedagogy, teaching methods and type of religious authority. The experience of education practices in a distance format illustrated by the case study of the course on reading the Qur’ an also revealed the limits of its application, since believers are looking not only for religious knowledge, but also psychological support and spiritual guidance.
Introducción a la configuración de los cuerpos laicos católicos en México en el siglo XX
Authors: Espejel Barroso Pablo Alejandro
Published: August 2021

La finalidad de este artículo es explorar la construcción político-histórica de las relaciones entre la Iglesia católica y el Estado mexicano durante el siglo XX. Para ello, se abordan los cambios en los paradigmas de lo singular a lo plural, pues se pasa de una relación unilateral, en la que ambas esferas compiten por la autoridad legítima frente a la población, como agentes políticos, cuando México atravesaba por procesos de laicidad y secularización, que lo llevaron de un Estado confesional a uno secular. Como resultado, se constata que la configuración álgida entre Iglesia, sus organizaciones satelitales y el Estado dejaron un saldo de inestabilidad política, económica y social, pues se enfrentaron en conflictos armados que llevaron a un acuerdo no legal llamado modus vivendi con el cual se logró cierta estabilidad. Tiempo después se efectuarían reformas que reconfigurarán la pluralidad en las relaciones y dejarán espacios a nuevos actores religioso-políticos.
El Cerrejón en La Guajira colombiana. Infraestructura, reconstrucción de mediaciones y excedencia en comunidades wayúu y afroguajiras
Authors: Alaniz Rodríguez Luis Daniel , Hernández Lara Oliver Gabriel
Published: August 2021

El objetivo del presente artículo es realizar un análisis crítico e interseccional de las violencias producidas hacia comunidades afrocolombianas y wayúus derivadas de la expansión de la megaminería en La Guajira. Tiene un carácter exploratorio y documental basado en la inter-seccionalidad, el marxismo abierto, el decolonialismo y el feminismo negro. Los resultados sugieren que la intrascendencia de las resistencias locales radica en seguir vías enmarcadas dentro de las fronteras jurídico-liberales. Nuestro orden argumentativo implica una pro-puesta teórico-analítica con la intención de evitar posturas identitarias que no posibiliten el entendimiento de la compleja imbricación del poder. El valor de la propuesta reside en el esbozo de las posibilidades de formas de politización autónomas que desborden la normalidad capitalista desde el hacer de los sujetos críticos afroguajiros y wayúu. La investigación nos lleva a la conclusión de que las luchas emprendidas por las comunidades locales desde la lógica y la narrativa estatales han impedido potencializar verdaderos horizontes emancipatorios.
Ciencia Política en masculino. El sesgo androcéntrico en la enseñanza de la disciplina en México
Authors: Gilas Karolina Monika
Published: August 2021

A pesar de cada vez mayor inclusión de las mujeres en los espacios de poder y en la academia, en la Ciencia Política persiste un importante sesgo de género. El conocimiento generado por las mujeres y relativo a los problemas de su interés y a los impactos diferenciados de género se mantienen en las periferias de la disciplina. La existencia de estos sesgos en la enseñanza es particularmente preocupante, pues refuerza los estereotipos, la exclusión y la discriminación de las mujeres. El presente trabajo propone evalúa la inclusión de la perspectiva de género en el plan de estudios de la licenciatura en Ciencia Política ofrecida por la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, evidenciando sus rasgos sexistas que reproducen los estereotipos de género y limitan las oportunidades del estudiantado de adquirir conocimientos y habilidades necesarios para comprender los fenómenos sociales en su plenitud y complejidad.
Improved minimum-minimum roughness algorithm for clustering categorical data
Authors:   Faculty of Information Engineering Technology, Lac Hong University, Bien Hoa, Vietnam, et al. Truong
Published: August 2021

Clustering is a fundamental technique in data mining and machine learning. Recently, many researchers are interested in the problem of clustering categorical data and several new approaches have been proposed. One of the successful and pioneering clustering algorithms is the Minimum-Minimum Roughness algorithm (MMR) which is a top-down hierarchical clustering algorithm and can handle the uncertainty in clustering categorical data. However, MMR tends to choose the category with less value leaf node with more objects, leading to undesirable clustering results. To overcome such shortcomings, this paper proposes an improved version of the MMR algorithm for clustering categorical data, called IMMR (Improved Minimum-Minimum Roughness). Experimental results on actual data sets taken from UCI show that the IMMR algorithm outperforms MMR in clustering categorical data.
Критический разбор работы "Эксперимент по созданию канала радиосвязи в морской среде"
Authors: Симунин М.М.
Published: August 2021

The article "Experiment to create a radio communication channel in the marine environment" (authors: A.K. Tomilin, A.F. Lukin, A.N. Gulkov), published in the journal "Technical Physics Letters" (2021, vol. 47, Issue 11), from the standpoint of classical physics. The organization of the experiment in the mentioned publication, its interpretation and theory underlying the work are criticized. The proposed material is a methodological commentary and is intended to form consistent approaches in the study and interpretation of further work on the creation of radio communication channels.
Метод обработки сигналов трехфазного PDV, устраняющий влияние ускорения на точность определения скорости
Authors: Казиева Т.В. , Тищенко И.Ю. , Решетов В.Н. , Губский К.Л. , Пирог В.А.
Published: August 2021

The interference method for determining the speed of objects using direct optical heterodyning (PDV-Photonic Doppler Velocimetry) has become widespread due to the simplicity of setting up the fiber-optic system, the unambiguousness of the results, and wide possibilities for varying the measurement accuracy and temporal resolution. The accuracy of speed measurement can be fractions of a percent, but there are a number of factors that prevent this. For example, a change in the speed of an object, that is, its movement with acceleration, leads to a broadening of the signal spectrum with an increase in the working time window and, as a consequence, to a decrease, rather than an increase in the accuracy of speed measurement. In this paper, we propose a method to compensate for the effect of acceleration on the accuracy of speed measurement. The proposed model for processing the registered signals makes it possible to determine both the acceleration and the speed of the object. The applied algorithm made it possible to avoid spectrum broadening with an increase in the time window and to increase the accuracy of measuring the speed of a freely falling body by an order of magnitude.
Особенности истечения в вакуум микроструй невязкой жидкости
Authors: Яскин А.С. , Зарвин А.Е. , Каляда В.В. , Дубровин К.А.
Published: August 2021

Experimental results of the outflow of ethanol microjets from the capillary (vertical flow in the direction of gravity) and from the hole in the wall (in the horizontal direction) are presented. It is shown that a long-term flow of a microjet of a liquid in a vacuum exhibits a high degree of instability with sudden changes in direction, structure, observed density and differs significantly from the well-studied modes of outflow into the atmosphere, as well as from short-term modes of outflow into vacuum. The main features of the flow and the conditions for the onset of instability are described. A probable explanation of the reasons for the destruction of the microjet is given.
Kurdish National Identity in the films of Yilmaz Guney and Bahmani Ghobadi
Authors: Karim Lanja Najmalddin
Published: August 2021

this essay explores the conceptualization of Kurdish identity in the works of Kurdish film makers, namely Bahmani Ghobadi and Yikmaz Guney, whose films established a unified Kurdish National Cinema beyond the borders and statelessness in a transnational space. This essay delineates the ways Kurdishness is expressed in the cinematic techniques of the two Kurdish film makers who used similar subtle techniques to incorporate their Kurdish identity into the films they made. The Kurds, as one of the largest stateless ethnic group in the Middle East have suffered violent oppression, state perpetuated discrimination, and exclusion. This essay draws on Hannah Arendt’s The Origins of Totalitarianism, and Philip Rosen’s essay in Theorizing National Cinema to explore how Yalmiz Guney and Bahmani Ghobadi presented the national identity of the characters to mark the films with a sense of Kurdishness. This essay further explores the construction of national identity and personhood specifically in Guney’s Yol and Ghobadi’s Turtles Can Fly to show how stateless people can easily become a subject of dehumanization by different nation states.
Optimalisasi Keluaran Panel Surya Menggunakan Solar Tracker Berbasis Kamera Terintegrasi Raspberry Pi
Authors: Agus Suryanto  , Noor Hudallah  , Tatyantoro Andrasto  , Cahyo Fajar Adhiningtyas  , Seftriana Anifa Khusniasari
Published: August 2021

Salah satu faktor pada pengoperasian sel surya agar didapatkan nilai maksimum adalah posisi sel surya terhadap matahari. Solar tracker adalah alat untuk meningkatkan insolasi pada panel surya dengan mengubah arah panel surya menuju posisi matahari. Pada awalnya, solar tracker diatur menggunakan LDR. Kemudian, pengaturan berbasis pengolahan citra dapat mengurangi kesalahan pelacakan. Solar tracker berbasis citra selama ini masih menggunakan komputer ukuran penuh yang membutuhkan banyak energi dan tempat. Makalah ini bertujuan meningkatkan akurasi arah panel surya dan mengoptimalkan keluaran panel surya dengan meningkatkan sudut penyinaran matahari (insolasi) menggunakan solar tracker dengan sensor kamera dan komputer mini Raspberry Pi. Penggunaan kamera ditujukan untuk mengurangi kesalahan sistem berbasis LDR dan penggunaan Raspberry Pi menggantikan kerja komputer ukuran penuh. Pencarian orientasi matahari menggunakan metode intensitas nilai piksel tertinggi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, keluaran panel surya terbukti dapat dioptimalkan dengan diaplikasikannya Solar Tracker Berbasis Kamera Terintegrasi Raspberry Pi. Perbandingan daya keluaran antara panel surya diam dengan panel surya yang terpasang pada Solar Tracker Berbasis Kamera Terintegrasi Raspberry Pi adalah 1:1,389 (21,5487 W:29,8822 W) pada pengujian tanpa beban dan 1:1,2042 (6,0344 W:7,2671 W) pada pengujian dengan beban lampu pijar 12 V/5 W.
Alokasi Optimal DG Sumber Energi Terbarukan Menggunakan Algoritme Multi-Verse Optimizer
Authors: Firdaus  , Ontoseno Penangsang  , Rony Seto Wibowo  , Umar
Published: August 2021

Dalam situasi saat ini, meminimalkan kehilangan daya pada jaringan distribusi maupun transmisi merupakan salah satu tantangan penelitian. Kehilangan daya yang tinggi terjadi ketika beban yang terhubung pada jaringan distribusi jauh dari pembangkit listrik. Alokasi yang optimal untuk Distributed Generation (DG) sumber energi terbarukan adalah salah satu cara untuk meminimalkan kehilangan daya dan memperbaiki profil tegangan sistem distribusi. Penempatan yang tidak akurat menyebabkan peningkatan kehilangan daya, menurunkan profil tegangan, dan dapat memengaruhi kinerja sistem. Metode Multi-Verse Optimizer (MVO) digunakan untuk menempatkan DG sumber energi terbarukan di lokasi yang tepat. Hasil simulasi pada sistem 33 bus IEEE menunjukkan bahwa dengan penggunaan metode algoritme MVO untuk penambahan dua buah DG energi terbarukan diperoleh lokasi pada bus 18 dan 33 dengan tipe DG PV. Namun, apabila penambahan dua buah DG dilakukan dengan mempertimbangkan sifat intermiten, lokasi DG yang optimal dengan diperoleh kedua DG berada pada bus 18 dengan tipe DG Wind Turbine. Alokasi DG sumber energi terbarukan yang optimal mampu meminimalkan rugi daya aktif 11,8 kV dan daya reaktif 8,2 kVAr serta menaikkan profil tegangan di atas 0,95 pu pada bus under voltage.
Implementasi Tunnel GRE pada Jaringan Ring dan Mesh Perangkat Metro-E Nokia
Authors: R. Muhammad Arifin  , Eni Dwi Wardhani  , Samuel BETA
Published: August 2021

Tunnel merupakan teknik membangun jalur komunikasi lokal antara dua atau lebih router menggunakan jaringan IP publik. Permasalahan yang dihadapi pada sistem tunneling saat ini adalah belum adanya pedoman untuk memilih teknik yang tepat sesuai topologi jaringan yang digunakan. Pada praktik di lapangan, pemilihan dilakukan berdasarkan pengalaman atau mengikuti SOP. Merek perangkat yang mendukung untuk tunneling sangat beragam di Indonesia, salah satunya adalah Nokia. Makalah ini berfokus untuk menghasilkan pedoman pada tunnel yang dimiliki perangkat Nokia, yaitu tunnel GRE. Analisis dilakukan dengan berbagai skenario rekayasa trafik, meliputi kondisi saat tanpa beban dan berbagai kondisi lain bila terjadi gangguan jaringan. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan GRE saat tanpa beban berjalan dengan normal. Pada keadaan dengan beban dari awal, GRE mendapatkan throughput 0,995 Mbps dan delay rata-rata 11,484 ms; dengan beban mendadak mendapatkan throughput 1,059 Mbps dan delay 11,386; dan saat gangguan jaringan dilakukan dengan perintah ping mendapatkan hasil satu RTO. Tunnel GRE cocok digunakan pada implementasi jaringan baru karena kesederhanaan dalam konfigurasinya yang cukup mengaktifkan metrik OSPF untuk menyeimbangkan trafik pada tiap interface router tertentu.
Literature Survey on Diabetic Retinopathy Classification Using Deep Learning
Authors: Shaikh Alfiya Md.
Published: August 2021

Abstract: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a medical condition that damages eye retinal tissues. Diabetic retinopathy leads to mild to complete blindness. It has been a leading cause of global blindness. The identification and categorization of DR take place through the segmentation of parts of the fundus image or the examination of the fundus image for the incidence of exudates, lesions, microaneurysms, and so on. This research aims to study and summarize various recent proposed techniques applied to automate the process of classification of diabetic retinopathy. In the current study, the researchers focused on the concept of classifying the DR fundus images based on their severity level. Emphasis is on studying papers that proposed models developed using transfer learning. Thus, it becomes vital to develop an automatic diagnosis system to support physicians in their work.
Path Planning and Obstacle Avoidance for UAV in an Uncharted Environment
Authors: Goje Shubhankar
Published: August 2021

Abstract: The growing industry of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) requires an efficient and robust algorithm to decide the path of the UAV and avoid obstacles. The study of pathfinding algorithms is ongoing research not just useful in the domain of drones, but in other fields like video games (AI pathfinding), terrain traversal (mapped, unmapped, areal, underwater, land, etc.), and industries that require robots to deliver packages. This paper proposes a new pathfinding algorithm that aims to solve the problem of pathfinding in unknown 2-dimensional terrain. Based on a system of assumptions and using the help of a set of sensors aboard the UAV, the algorithm navigates the UAV from a start point to an endpoint while avoiding any shape or size of obstacles in between. To avoid multiple different types of “infinite loop” situations where the UAV gets stuck around an obstacle, a priority-based selector for intermediate destinations is created. The algorithm is found to work effectively when simulated in Gazebo on Robot Operating System (ROS). Keywords: Path Planning, UAV, Obstacle Avoidance, Drone Navigation, Obstacle Detection, Uncharted Environment.
Applicability analysis of prediction methods in the system for selection personalized offers by analytical modeling
Authors: Fedorenko Yuriy S.
Published: August 2021

The relevance of the work is justified by the frequent occurrence of the need to solve the problems of choosing personalized offers in information systems and the many possible methods of machine learning, among which it is necessary to choose the most suitable one. The purpose of this study is to simulate a system for selecting personalized offers as a queuing system for estimating equipment costs when using each of the methods necessary to service the required part of requests for a given time limit. This solves the problem of assessing the minimum number of servicing devices (backend servers) required to ensure the operation of the system at a given level. The paper shows that the system can be described by a multichannel queuing system without losses. The distribution function of the spent time of the request in the system (the service time plus the waiting time in the queue) is calculated, since in the literature for such systems only the distribution function of the waiting time in the queue is described. Transformations of the expression for the probability of waiting are given, which solve the overflow problem in the software implementation. In the final part, as an example, the system was modeled according to the given parameters, and the minimum number of servicing devices was estimated to ensure a given system response time. Based on the data obtained, it is possible to make a decision on the advisability of using one or another method for predicting the frequency of user clicks or ranking.
Methodology for managing the flows of target information in the remote sensing space system Part 1. Task formalization
Authors: Starkov Alexander V. , Emelyanov Andrey A. , Grishantseva Lyubov A. , Zhukovskaya Ksenia I. , Morozov Alexander A. , Trishin Alexey A.
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to the formalization of the problem of distribution of target information flows during the operation of the ERS space system. It is proposed to consider the system as a complex, geographically-distributed information system, the main task of which is to implement a full service cycle, starting with the formation of an application and ending with the provision of a finished thematic product. The decomposition of the ERS space system as a complex information organizational and technical system was carried out, the system and consumer characteristics of its elements were determined. The possibility is substantiated to carry out an objective curtailment of system performance indicators and go to two particular ones that characterize the effectiveness of the target functioning of the system as a whole: the promptness (time) of fulfilling consumer requests for a finished thematic product and the cost of the finished thematic product. A general methodological approach to solving the technical problem is proposed. The result is a formal presentation of the task of distributing the streams of target information during the operation of the ERS space system as a sequence of the following operations: formation of an application; determination of the list of requests to the system required to complete the application; determining the processes and the sequence of their execution that will process the corresponding requests; optimization of the time distribution of processes among the elements of the system, taking into account the selected performance indicators and existing limitations.
Etiology and Pathogenesis of Corticosteroid-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head
Authors: Kubo Yusuke , Drescher Wolf , Pufe Thomas
Published: August 2021

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is an intractable disease occurring at a relatively young age. The characteristic finding of ONFH – the femoral head collapse with severe hip pain – is observed in many cases, which frequently leads to further joint destruction, requiring surgical treatment. Among the associated factors of ONFH, majority of patients who require high-dose corticosteroid are still challenging due to inevitable therapeutic option regardless of poor prognosis. As a pathological mechanism, ONFH is defined as tissue necrosis in the femoral head region due to occlusion of the nutrient vessels; but the detailed micro-level processes leading to blood flow failure remains unclear. The elucidation of ONFH and the establishment of preventive therapy is desirable for these patients. Here, we discuss the etiology and pathogenesis of corticosteroid-associated ONFH by reviewing current literature.
ATUALIDADE DA DIVISÃO SEXUAL E CENTRALIDADE DO TRABALHO DAS MULHERES
Authors: Hirata Helena , Kergoat Danièle
Published: August 2021

Começamos com as definições de divisão sexual do trabalho e relações sociais de sexo, mostrando a atualidade teórica desses conceitos para pensar a definição do trabalho e sua centralidade, inclusive sob o regime neoliberal, mas também a atualidade política para compreender e analisar os movimentos populares e feministas que se desenvolvem atualmente no mundo inteiro. Apresentaremos em particular a participação das mulheres no movimento dos Coletes Amarelos na França, em 2018 e 2019, e o sentido das suas lutas atuais. Em seguida, mostraremos, a partir do exemplo do trabalho de cuidado, as variabilidades e as permanências da divisão sexual do trabalho: diferenças no espaço da divisão do trabalho entre homens e mulheres, que podemos apreender pela metodologia da comparação internacional e permanências no tempo da divisão sexual, que tem a ver com a correlação de forças entre homens e mulheres na sociedade, isto é, com as relações sociais de sexo. Em contraponto à análise das mulheres participantes do Coletes Amarelos, apresentaremos a mobilização das cuidadoras e auxiliares de enfermagem nas instituições de longa permanência de idosos na França, em 2017 e 2018, que mostram a forte correlação entre política e trabalho.
ATITUDES E COMPORTAMENTOS DOS TRABALHADORES FACE ÀS TRANSFORMAÇÕES DO MUNDO DO TRABALHO SEGUNDO O MARXISMO ANALÍTICO OU INDIVIDUALISMO METODOLÓGICO
Authors: Lazzareschi Noêmia
Published: August 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo demonstrar que as atitudes e os comportamentos políticos, isto é, as estratégias de ação política dos trabalhadores para a defesa de seus interesses e a realização de suas expectativas, em todos os países industrializados do Ocidente, expressam clara compreensão do contexto histórico no qual surgem novas condições objetivas de trabalho e novas condições materiais de vida. Pretende-se, portanto, demonstrar, com fundamento na extensa bibliografia nacional e internacional sobre o mundo do trabalho e, especificamente, sobre o movimento sindical, que os trabalhadores elaboram formas de resistência que resultam de uma análise racional das condições dadas e das possibilidades de realização de seus objetivos e expectativas pessoais ou coletivos, a partir da qual tomam decisões estratégicas que definem o rumo de sua própria história. Assim, trata-se de se acompanhar, tal como  indica o seu título, as atitudes e comportamentos dos trabalhadores face às transformações do mundo do trabalho que tipificaram as últimas décadas do século XX e estão revolucionando as primeiras décadas deste século, graças à utilização da inteligência artificial, blockchain, big data e profusão de aplicativos para a satisfação de um sem número de necessidades sociais, com a finalidade de indicar que resultaram sempre de uma escolha racional alternativas existentes, definindo a configuração da estrutura social da qual são os sujeitos.
A FORMAÇÃO DE UM GRUPO PROFISSIONAL
Authors: Garcia dos Santos Yumi , Georges Isabel
Published: August 2021

Este artigo discute como as categorias gênero, classe e raça interferem (ou não) na formação de certos grupos profissionais, configurando a sua morfologia, a partir da análise de um estudo sobre agentes de execução de programas assistenciais brasileiros. É com base no conceito de consubstancialidade de gênero, classe e raça de Danièle Kergoat que é possível compreender as permanências e as mudanças que atravessam esse grupo profissional, que se encontra em baixa posição na hierarquia dos serviços públicos na saúde e na assistência contemporâneos. Numa abordagem inspirada no estudo das instituições do interacionismo norte-americano, a pesquisa propõe, por um lado, a análise das transformações da oferta institucional, assim como, pelo outro, das trajetórias socioprofissionais que a atravessam. São quatro agentes cujas experiências se apoiam em três contextos distintos da construção da política social: o primeiro, no final dos anos 1970, baseado no engajamento militante e comunitário de uma ex-agente sanitária ; o segundo, que se insere no processo de construção nacional da política de saúde voltada para as famílias no início de 2000, com o caso de duas agentes comunitárias de saúde. Uma delas carrega a herança da forma de trabalho comunitário e militante, e a outra se insere nesse mercado por motivos “instrumentais” para sobrevivência. O terceiro, por fim, um homem jovem, negro, se junta em nossa análise para compreender o sentido que ele atribui a esse trabalho fortemente feminizado, realizado num âmbito terceirizado e submetido a imperativos de produtividade.
APRESENTAÇÃO
Authors: Briguglio Bianca , Sanches Grecco Fabiana , Oliveira Lindôso Raquel , De Souza Lapa Thaís
Published: August 2021

Este dossiê se propôs a visibilizar a trajetória coletiva de pesquisa de Danièle Kergoat e Helena Hirata e convidar pesquisadoras(es) de diversas áreas do conhecimento e o público em geral para compreender a dinâmica social por meio da perspectiva do feminismo materialista.
Os Contratos De Arrendamento De Imóveis Rurais Para A Exploração De Energia Eólica Por Empresas De Capital Estrangeiro E A Imposição De Normas Que Afetam A Ordem Econômica Nacional
Authors: De Oliveira Bruno Bastos , Fraga Fellipe Vilas Bôas
Published: August 2021

O presente artigo tem por escopo analisar as questões que envolvem exploração de energia eólica em imóveis rurais por empresas com percentual de capital estrangeiro, cujos contratos sejam celebrados sob a espécie de arrendamento. Como grande parte das empresas que investem em energia eólica no Brasil possuem parte do capital estrangeiro, as determinações legais acarretam a aplicação de normas que tornam a exploração dessa tecnologia limpa mais dispendiosa, muitas vezes afastando investimentos e até inviabilizando esse ramo do setor energético, consequentemente afetando o desenvolvimento nacional sustentável, a ordem econômica social e a preservação do meio ambiente. Buscar-se-á analisar a necessidade de modificação das regras para o contrato de arrendamento de imóveis rurais para a exploração de energia eólica por parte de pessoas jurídicas que tenham capital estrangeiro. Como metodologia, será utilizado o método dedutivo, por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e legislativa. Conclui-se pela necessidade de modificação no entendimento normativo, de forma que nos contratos para arrendamento de imóveis rurais para exploração de energia eólica, quer sejam firmados por empresas com capital exclusivamente nacional ou não, não sejam impostas as regras do art. 23 da Lei 8.629/93.
Teoria Da Imprevisão E Desenvolvimento Econômico: Aspectos Constitucionais E Consumeristas Em Tempos De Pandemia
Authors: Moreno da Costa Moreira Pedro Adolfo , Brindeiro de Araújo Torres Raissa
Published: August 2021

O presente trabalho traz um estudo científico acerca da constitucionalidade e da legalidade das medidas econômico-financeiras adotadas pelas instituições financeiras no período de exceção experimentado pela pandemia causada pelo COVID-19. Através do diálogo com princípios de ordem constitucional, busca-se compreender o instituto do anatocismo frente a redução de desigualdades, da promoção da igualdade material e na promoção do princípio constitucional da solidariedade. Assim, o problema consiste em verificar como as instituições financeiras têm se comportado frente aos desafios de ordem econômica e social advindos do cenário atual de pandemia causado pelo COVID-19. E levanta-se a hipótese de que muitas instituições financeiras sequer estão promovendo qualquer alteração em suas condições contratuais e outras, quando assim o fazem, não promovem qualquer suspensão das cláusulas penais destes respectivos contratos, ou quando muito, se isentam da cobrança das atualizações monetárias. Ademais, a natureza da vertente metodológica é qualitativa, tendo em vista que o tema requer um conhecimento ampliado e atento ao novo panorama econômico e social decorrente da pandemia causada pela COVID-19. Emprega-se o método de abordagem dedutivo, o método de procedimento histórico e monográfico, assim como as técnicas de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Por fim, o trabalho busca enfatizar que o se almeja não é propriamente a ruptura de um modelo econômico imposto pelo capitalismo, mas sim promover a defesa do consumidor na forma do art. 5°, XXXII da CF, e efetivar a solidarização de prejuízos, não se podendo conceber que segmentos determinados possam se beneficiar de modo desproporcional à medida que continuam a imprimir taxas bancárias e juros abusivos como se estivessem em um cenário de normalidade.
Covid-19 Desnuda As Contradições Da República Federativa Brasileira: A Dificuldade De Legitimar A Tomada De Decisão E A Proposta Da Instituição Do Comum
Authors: Scudeller de Souza Gabriel , Rigoldi Vivianne
Published: August 2021

O mundo em 2020 foi assomado por um novo coronavírus que se alastrou por diversos países e trouxe problemas de saúde e óbitos. Decretou-se a pandemia. A alta contaminação é o problema, diante do fato de colapsar os sistemas de saúde. A principal medida defendida é o isolamento social, com o intuito de achatar a curva de contágio. No Brasil, os entes federativos não defendem as mesmas propostas e contribuem para o agravamento da crise. Demonstra-se que a dificuldade do sistema pátrio em lidar com a crise desnuda o problema da tomada de decisão. Pensa-se, nesse cenário, em recorrer ao Poder Judiciário para que este aprecie acerca da defesa dos direitos humanos fundamentais frente às políticas públicas estatais. Ocorre que o processo judicial, embora uma alternativa, demanda o respeito a procedimentos processuais, o que pode não ser eficiente para uma decisão de urgência. Assim, tendo em vista os ensinamentos acerca do pluralismo jurídico, bem como à luz de um sistema mais participativo e deliberativo, postula-se por um novo centro de decisão, não centralizador e mais democrático, identificado como princípio do comum. Pelo método dedutivo, com consultas bibliográficas a artigos científicos, busca-se compreender tais questões sociais, agora desnudadas frente à Covid-19.
Preservação Dos Contratos De Aprendizagem Profissional Em Tempos De Pandemia De Covid-19
Authors: Emerson Victor Hugo Costa de Sá  , Anderson Lincoln Vital da Silva  , Valena Jacob Chaves Mesquita
Published: August 2021

O artigo analisa as estratégias de manutenção dos contratos de aprendizagem profissional em tempos de pandemia da COVID-19. Principal política pública voltada ao primeiro emprego, o instituto propicia oportunidades de formação técnico-profissional metódica para adolescentes e jovens, além de consistir em estratégia de erradicação do trabalho infantil. O cenário de crise de saúde pública, resultante do novo Coronavírus, gerou o reconhecimento do estado de calamidade pública em março de 2020, o que acarretou instabilidade nas relações jurídicas e a necessidade de adaptação normativa. Nesse contexto, analisa-se a aplicabilidade dos diplomas legais instituídos durante a crise sanitária decorrente da COVID-19, com especial ênfase na análise hermenêutica da Medida Provisória 926, cujos efeitos cessaram com a sua caducidade, e da Lei n. 14.020, de 6 de julho de 2020, fruto da conversão da Medida Provisória n. 936, notadamente quanto à  preservação do trabalho do adolescente diante dessa nova realidade, por meio da aprendizagem e da qualificação profissionais em tempos de pandemia. A pesquisa utiliza o método de abordagem indutivo e apresenta-se como exploratória quanto aos objetivos, de natureza qualitativa e com base nos procedimentos bibliográfico e documental. Conclui-se que os contratos de aprendizagem se ajustaram para viabilizar a continuidade, mas há necessidade de marcos regulatórios mais precisos e atentos às especificidades do instituto, especialmente quanto ao público adolescente e o socialmente vulnerável.
Autocomposição De Conflitos Em Tempos De Pandemia: A Crise Como Agente Catalisador De Uma Mudança De Paradigma
Authors: Dutra da Costa Márcio , Marion Spengler Fabiana
Published: August 2021

O presente artigo possui como campo de estudo a autocomposição de conflitos durante a pandemia de COVID-19. O objetivo é averiguar se o incremento da utilização dos métodos autocompositivos – decorrente da sobrecarga imposta ao Poder Judiciário pelo aumento da quantidade de lides – pode vir a contribuir para uma alteração do paradigma jurídico de tratamento de conflitos no Brasil, superando o tradicional modelo adversarial e fomentando a consensualidade como alicerce de uma cultura de efetiva pacificação social. O problema de pesquisa corresponde à seguinte indagação: a crise decorrente da pandemia de COVID-19 pode acelerar a marcha de uma mudança de paradigma no tratamento de conflitos no País? O método de abordagem adotado é o dedutivo, e o método de procedimento utilizado é o monográfico. A hipótese responde ao problema de pesquisa de modo afirmativo. A conclusão é a de que a crise decorrente do aumento do número de litígios e da morosidade judicial gera uma crescente utilização dos métodos autocompositivos e, por via de consequência, pode vir a contribuir para uma transformação no paradigma jurídico da abordagem de conflitos.