bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Acceleration Signal of Field-Structure Seismological Networks and Assessment of Far-field Earthquake Action in Shanghai
Authors: Ren Xiaosong , Wang Zeya , Ren Guang-Zhen , Zong Gang
Published: November 2023

The monitoring acceleration signal of field and structure is the first-hand data for assessment of earthquake action. Two field-structure seismological networks were set on different campuses of Tongji University and were put on the top floor of two tall buildings along with the field nearby. A 21-story steel-concrete composite structure and a 14-story reinforced concrete structure of two seismological networks are the tallest buildings on the two campuses. Twenty-three far-field earthquake records were obtained from October 2020 to January 2023. In this paper, the monitoring acceleration signals of the field and structure were analyzed. The actual measured amplification coefficient of the monitored structure was obtained according to the ratio of the peak value of structure signal and the ground signal, and compared with the actual response spectrum of the structure. Based on the statistical analysis of effective peak ground acceleration, the future peak level of far-field ground acceleration was obtained. The response spectrum of 5% damping ratio was obtained and found to be larger than the design spectrum curve. Corresponding to intersection point of two major regions of the spectrum curve, the characteristic period was longer than the value of 0.9s in the design code. And the spectrum curve spikes at a period of about 2.5s in the decline region. All these demonstrates double peak before and after the characteristic period in the response amplification spectrum curve, which was the basic features of the far-field earthquake action of two seismological networks. The spike of the spectrum curve in the long-period region means the amplification of long-period components in the earthquake signal. It is caused by the deep saturated covering layer in Shanghai and should be paid more attention to, especially for highly flexible structures.
The Impact of Liver Resection Volume on Pancreatic Function: Novel Insights into Acute Liver-Pancreas Crosstalk After Hepatectomy
Authors: Wakiya Taiichi , Sakuma Yasunaru , Onishi Yasuharu , Sanada Yukihiro , Okada Noriki , Hirata Yuta , Horiuchi Toshio , Omameuda Takahiko , Takadera Kiichiro , Sata Naohiro
Published: November 2023

The liver and pancreas work together to recover homeostasis after hepatectomy. This study aimed to investigate the effect of liver resection volume on the pancreas. We collected clinical data from 338 living liver donors. They were categorized into left lateral sectionectomy (LLS), left lobectomy, and right lobectomy (RL) groups. Serum pancreatic enzymes were compared among the groups. Serum amylase values peaked on postoperative day (POD) 1. Though they quickly returned to preoperative levels on POD 3, 45% of cases showed abnormal values on POD 7 in the RL group. Serum lipase levels were highest at POD 7. Lipase values increased 4.2-fold on POD 7 in the RL group and 80% of cases showed abnormal values. The RL group’s lipase was twice that of the LLS group. A negative correlation existed between the remnant liver volume and amylase (r = -0.291)/lipase (r = -0.380) on POD 7. Furthermore, a significant correlation was observed between POD 7 serum bilirubin and amylase (r = 0.245)/lipase (r = 0.330) levels, indicating cooccurrence with liver and pancreatic dysfunction. Pancreatic dysfunction due to hepatectomy occurs in a resection/remnant liver volume-dependent manner. It would be beneficial to closely monitor pancreatic function in patients undergoing a major hepatectomy.
Research on tissue rapid breeding technology of endangered plant Cibotiumbarometz (L.) J. Sm.
Authors: Yu Qiaoling , Lin Wei , Yu Xingjian , Qin Ben , Liang Ying , Wei Fan , Qin Shuangshuang , Wei Kunhua
Published: November 2023

This research aimed to establish the Cibotium barometz tissue rapid breeding technology and
provide a theoretical basis for its artificial breeding and industrial planting. The spores' germination
conditions were selected, along with the optimum sterilization time and spore germination medium.
The germination material was incubated in different basic media to select a basal medium suitable for
proliferation and differentiation. Based on the results of basic medium screening, the proliferation
orthogonal and differentiation experiments were performed to screen the best media, and then the C.
barometz rooting experiment was performed in two single-factor experiments by using the
differentiated sporophytes as materials. The optimal sterilization time of C. barometz spores was 11
minutes and the best medium for germination was 1/8MS medium supplemented with 0.02 mg/L IAA.
MS medium was suitable for the proliferation and differentiation of tissue culture seedlings, while the
WPM medium was suitable for sporophyte differentiation. The best medium for growth was the MS
medium, supplemented with 1.0 mg/L IAA and 0.5 mg/L 6-BA. Concentrations of sucrose had a
significant effect on the differentiation of tissue culture seedlings, while no sucrose culture had barely
any growth or differentiation effect on sporophytes. The effect of proliferation and differentiation was
the best when sucrose concentration was set at 20 g/L. Low concentration cannot limit the growth or
differentiation, while high concentration may inhibit those processes. The PGRs including IAA, NAA,
6-BA, and GA3 had better differentiation effects, but the KT was slightly weaker. The rooting rate of
sporophytes initially increased and then decreased with the concentrations of ABT, IBA, and IAA. The
rooting rate reached the maximum when the concentrations of ABT and IBA were at 1.5 mg•L -1 and
IAA was at 1.0 mg•L -1 (which were 86.82%, 91.52%, and 90.89%, respectively). Compared with ABT
and IAA, IBA had a significant effect on the average and the longest root length of C. barometz, and
the three PGRs had no obvious effect on the average or maximum diameter. The optimal cultivation
conditions for the organization of rapid breeding technology from the germination, growth,
differentiation, and rooting of C. barometz were obtained, and the sporophytes were successfully
transplanted to the external environment, and all these results provided a theoretical reference for the
industrial planting of C. barometz.
Development and validation of the nomogram based on ICGR15 and PNR to predict 28-day of mortality in patients with hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure
Authors: Wang Hang , Zeng Yu , Sheng Yunjian
Published: November 2023

Background: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a critical disease with a high mortality. Here, we developed and validated a new and simple prognostic nomogram to predict the 28-day mortality in patients with hepatitis B virus-related ACLF (HBV-ACLF).
Methods: A 28-day follow-up was conducted on 353 patients with HBV-ACLF to develop this nomogram. Patients were randomly assigned to the training cohort (n=248) and validation cohort (n=105) at 7:3. The nomogram was evaluated using the concordance index (C-index) and calibration curve. We also compared the nomogram with the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score, age-bilirubin-international normalized ratio (INR)-creatinine (ABIC) score, and albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score.
Results: Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age (p = 0.014), total bilirubin (p = 0.006), INR (p = 0.002), platelet to neutrophil ratio (PNR) (p = 0.004), and indocyanine green retention at 15 min (ICGR15) (p = 0.012) were independent predictors of 28-day mortality in patients with HBV-ACLF. The nomogram was constructed using these risk factors to predict the 28-day mortality rate. The C-indexes of training and testing data were 0.867 and 0.788, respectively, indicating strong consistency between the results on the nomogram and the actual results of internal validation. The calibration curve of the nomogram used to predict the 28-day mortality rate of patients with HBV-ACLF showed high consistency. The area under the receiver-operating characteristics curve (AUC) performance of the nomogram in the training cohort was superior to that of ALBI, ABIC, and MELD, and was comparable to that in the validation cohort.
Conclusion: This study emphasizes the predictive value of ICGR15 and PNR, and the nomogram based on ICGR15 and PNR can effectively estimate the individualized risk of short-term death in patients with HBV-ACLF defined by the Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver (APASL).
Enhancing Analytical Methods for Estimating Water Inflow to Tunnels in the Presence of Discontinuity Areas
Authors: Farhadian Hadi , Shahraki Farhad Bahmani
Published: November 2023

There are various methods for calculating the inflow of water into excavated tunnels in rock formations, including empirical, analytical, and numerical methods. Analytical equations are widely used due to their simplicity and reliance on assumptions. However, past studies have shown that the measured water inflow into rock tunnels is often lower than the values estimated using analytical equations. Moreover, results obtained using analytical equations are highly dependent on the tunnel geometry and environmental conditions. Hence, this study employed finite element numerical modeling to simulate the effects of various factors, including fault distance from the tunnel, permeability coefficient, fault width, tunnel radius, rock mass permeability, and groundwater level, on the water inflow into the tunnel. The analytical method was then used to estimate the water inflow, and the results were compared with the numerical modeling outputs. Subsequently, modified equations were developed to estimate the water inflow under different conditions, including cases where the fault intersects or does not intersect the tunnel. The correlation between the results obtained from the equations and the numerical modeling outputs was evaluated using R and R2 statistics. The obtained values were within an acceptable range, indicating the validity of the proposed models. Furthermore, the histograms of the residuals for both models showed a good fit. To validate the proposed models, the analytical method and the proposed equations were used to estimate the water inflow into the Amirkabir tunnel, respectively. The results showed that the values obtained using the new equations were closer to the actual values than those obtained using the analytical method. This study highlights the importance of considering various factors in estimating the water inflow into rock tunnels and provides new equations that can improve the accuracy of such estimates.
Research on the Modification Process of Attapulgite with Sulfhydryl Functionalization Assisted by Polyethylene Glycol
Authors: Fu Cheng , Pei Xiangjun J. , Luo Jing , Zhu Xiaping , Lei Ningfei
Published: November 2023

In recent years, with the improvement of people's awareness of environmental protection, heavy metal pollution such as Cd2+ and Pb2+ has attracted high attention. This study focuses on the preparation of a highly adsorbent environmental functional material, sulfhydryl modified attapulgite (ATP-SH), through the modification of attapulgite (ATP) using polyethylene glycol-20000 (PEG-20000) as an auxiliary agent and 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (MPT). The optimal preparation process was obtained. Furthermore, characterization of ATP and ATP-SH was performed using various techniques including FT-IR, XRD, SEM, among others. The results confirmed successful grafting of sulfhydryl groups onto ATP, with the layered crystal structure and crystallinity of ATP-SH remaining largely unchanged. However, the surface structure and thermal stability were enhanced, while the specific surface area and pore size distribution decreased due to the bulk size of the functional ligands. The characterization results of adsorption performance demonstrated that the adsorption of Cd2+ and Pb2+ by ATP-SH showed significant selectivity and stable adsorption forces. Under these conditions, the saturated adsorption capacities of ATP-SH for Cd2+ and Pb2+ were 22.71 mg/g and 65.57 mg/g, respectively, representing a respective increase of 31.96% and 57.74% compared to ATP. ATP-SH presents an effective remediation approach for heavy metal pollution in the environment.
Analysis of the cadmium removal mechanism of human gut bacteria Enterococcus faecalis strain ATCC19433 from genomic perspective
Authors: Zheng Yu , Duan Zhibin , Wu Yonggui , Luo Yang , Peng Xiaoyu , Wu Jianye
Published: November 2023

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most well‒known toxic metals capable of entering the human body via the food chain, leading to serious health problems. Human gut microbes play a pivotal role in controlling Cd bioavailability and toxicity within the human gastrointestinal tract, primarily due to their capacity for Cd adsorption and metabolism. In this work, a Cd resistance bacterial strain, Enterococcus faecalis strain ATCC19433 was isolated from human gut microbiota. Cd binding assays and comprehensive characterization analyses were performed, revealing the ability of strain ATCC19433 to remove Cd from solution. Cd adsorption primarily occurred on the bacterial cell walls, which was ascribed to the exciting of functional groups on the bacterial surfaces, containing alkyl, amide II, and phosphate groups; meanwhile, Cd could enter cells, probably through transport channels or via diffusion. These results indicated that Cd removal by the strain was predominantly dependent on biosorption and bioaccumulation. Whole‒genome sequencing analyses further suggested the probable mechanisms of biosorption and bioaccumulation, including Cd transport by transporter proteins, active efflux of Cd by cadmium efflux pumps, and mitigating oxidative stress induced cell damage by DNA − repair proteases. This study evaluated the Cd removal capability and mechanism of Enterococcus faecalis strain ATCC19433 while annotating the genetic functions related to Cd removal, which may facilitate the development of potential human gut strains for the removal of Cd.
Optimizing Melt Pool Temperature Prediction Using Convolutional Bilstm with Insights from Dragonfly Behavior in Wire-Arc Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Sharma Nutan , Nagappan Beemkumar , Shahid Mohammad , Patel Dinesh , Sutariya Kruti , Reddy Venkata Ramesh
Published: November 2023

Wire-Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) has received a lot of attention in recent years because of its ability to create large-scale metallic components layer by layer. Monitoring and controlling the melt pool temperature in real-time, which is a significant factor in deciding the quality of the manufactured part, is a significant problem in WAAM. In this research, we introduce a novel approach for predicting melt pool temperature in wire arc additive manufacturing by employing a Dragonfly optimized convolutional Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (DragOCBiLSTM), inspired by insights derived from the behavior of dragonflies. The Convolutional layers efficiently extract spatial characteristics from multi-sensor data, while the Bi-directional LSTM (BiLSTM) layers capture temporal correlations within the data. The utilization of these two elements, refined using the algorithm inspired by dragonfly behavior, presents a significant advantage in comparison to existing predictive models. The data are normalized using the Z-score normalization approach. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is then used to extract the characteristics from the cleaned data. After that, Dragonfly Optimization (DO) is used to find the best feature subsets.The proposed method’s performance is assessed in terms of Mean Absolute Error (MAE) (10.984), Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) (3.404), and Mean Squared Error (MSE) (11.25)metrics and compared with existing methods. We provide a promising approach for optimizing the prediction of melt pool temperatures in WAAM, with possible implications for other manufacturing processes, by utilizing the distinctive behavioral insights of dragonflies and merging these with innovative deep learning architectures.
A prognostic model of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis was constructed based on macrophage-related genes and mitochondria-related genes
Authors: Bao Yu , Yang Shiyuan , Zhao Hailan , Zhu Xue , Wang Yezhen , Li Ke , Liu Xue , Zhang Wei
Published: November 2023

Background
Studies have shown that mitochondrial function and macrophages may play a role in the development of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, the mechanism of macrophages and mitochondria in IPF is not fully understood.
Methods
To construct a prognostic model for IPF based on Macrophage-associated genes (MaRGs) and Mitochondria-associated genes (MitoRGs), differential analysis was performed to achieve differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between IPF and Control groups in the GSE28042 dataset. Then, MitoRGs, MaRGs and DEGs were overlapped to screen out the crossover genes. The univariate Cox analysis and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm were implemented to achieve biomarkers. Furthermore, the independent prognostic analysis was employed. The ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) was employed to further understand the molecular mechanisms of biomarkers. Next, the immune infiltration analysis was implemented to identify differential immune cells between two risk subgroups.
Results
There were 4791 DEGs between IPF and Control groups. Furthermore, 26 crossover genes were achieved by the intersection processing. Three biomarkers including ALDH2, MCL1, and BCL2A1 were achieved, and the risk model based on the biomarkers was created. In addition, a nomogram for survival forecasting of IPF patients was created based on riskScore, Age, and Gender, and we found that biomarkers were associated with classical pathways including ‘Apoptosis Signaling’, ‘PI3K/AKT Signaling’, and so on. Next, two differential immune cells including Monocytes and CD8 T cells were identified between two risk subgroups. Moreover, we found that MIR29B2CHG and hsa-mir-1-3p could regulate the expression of ALDH2.
Conclusion
We achieved 3 biomarkers including ALDH2, MCL1, and BCL2A1 associated with IPF, providing a new theoretical basis for clinical treatment of IPF.
Effectiveness of Dialectic Behavioral Therapy in Adolescents (DBT-A) in the treatment of depression and emotional dysregulation: A Colombian prospective cohort study
Authors: Ayala-Corredor Catalina , Clavijo-Bocanegra Diana Lorena , Ariza María Palacios , Forero-Quintana Luisa , Niño Andrea , Rincon-López Juliana Vanessa , Villalba-Niño Sara Yinneth
Published: November 2023

Background
Dialectic behavioral therapy (DBT) is a psychotherapeutic treatment to address emotional dysregulation (EDys) through acceptance and change strategies. It has been specifically adapted for use in adolescents (DBT-A). The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a DBT-A skills training program in two different group formats, compared with standard care, for the treatment of EDys and depressive symptoms in adolescents.
Methods
We carried out a prospective cohort study on adolescents who were exposed to DBT-A skills training compared with standard care. The program included 14 sessions, two hours in duration, fortnightly. We examined clinical outcomes and measures of EDys (with the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale - DERS) and depression (with the Children’s Depression Inventory - CDI) in three groups: Group A corresponded to separate DBT group skills training for patients and their caregivers; Group B-Multifamily, in which adolescents and their caregivers participated in the same sessions; and Group C was the treatment as usual group, with no DBT skills training. Group assignment was non-random and was subject to training group availability at time of inclusion. Linear models were used to control the effect of potential confounders.
Results
We identified a final sample of 130 subjects. Groups were significantly different only in sex distribution, and problematic alcohol/substance use. Significant differences in DERS and CDI scores were observed when comparing training groups (A and B) with the control (ANOVA p value < 0.001). The adjusted model for the difference in DERS scores showed a significant association between either of the intervention groups vs. treatment as usual. The model for change in the CDI scores showed a significant effect of Group B assignment over treatment as usual, but not of group A. Age showed a significant effect with an average decrease in the difference between pre and post scores of -1.207 per year (95%CI -2.292;-0.122). The use of antidepressants showed a significant effect with a magnitude of 5.411 (95%CI 1.415;9.407).
Conclusions
The implementation of DBT-A skills training, in either a separate or multifamily format, was both effective and safe for EDys treatment. DBT-A skills training delivered in a multifamily format may have the added benefit of impacting symptoms of depression.
Incidence of fetal arrhythmia before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: A single center experience
Authors: Samples Stefani , Patel Sheetal , Lee Simon , Gotteiner Nina , Patel Angira
Published: November 2023

Background: Fetal arrhythmias are rare and carry significant morbidity and mortality without appropriate treatment. Initial reports exist of fetal arrhythmia in the setting of maternal COVID-19 infection. Our study sought to evaluate incidence of fetal arrhythmia before and during the COVID-19 pandemic at our institution.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study from a tertiary care fetal cardiac center utilized the institutional REDCap database to search fetal arrhythmia diagnostic codes. Medical records of mother-fetus dyads were reviewed and data was collected on diagnoses, gestational age, treatment regimen, and postnatal outcomes. Patients were divided into pre-COVID and peri-COVID segments.
Results: 8368 total pregnancies were evaluated during the 7.3 years of study period. 45 patients (0.5%) had a significant fetal arrhythmia and were included in this study: 19 (42%) in the pre-COVID-19 group and 26 (58%) in the peri-COVID-19 group. No patients had associated congenital heart disease. There was a notable increase in the incidence of fetal supraventricular tachycardia (1.82 per 1000 vs 2.65 per 1000 pregnancies) and complete heart block (1.04 per 1000 vs 1.77 per 1000 pregnancies) but no apparent change in other tachyarrhythmias during the COVID era. The proportion of antibody-mediated complete heart block increased from 50% to 87.5%. There was also an increase in the percentage of supraventricular tachycardia patients requiring postnatal treatment during COVID-19 (53.8% vs 62.5%).
Conclusions: Our experience shows an increased incidence of some fetal arrhythmia diagnoses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additional multi-center studies will be necessary to fully evaluate the increased burden of fetal arrhythmias during the COVID-19 era as well as to elucidate etiology.
Novel nonlinear wave transitions and interactions for (2+1)-dimensional generalized fifth-order KdV equation
Authors: Li Yan , Yao Ruoxia , Lou Senyue
Published: November 2023

The (2+1)-dimensional generalized fifth-order KdV (2GKdV) equation is revisited via combined physical and mathematical methods. By the Hirota perturbation expansion technique and via setting nonzero background wave on the multiple soliton solution of the 2GKdV equation, breather waves are constructed, for which some transformed wave conditions are considered that yield abundant novel nonlinear waves including the X/Y-Shaped (XS/YS), asymmetric M-Shaped (MS), W-Shaped (WS), Space-Curved (SC) and Oscillation M-Shaped (OMS) solitons etc. Furthermore, distinct nonlinear wave molecules and interactional structures involving the asymmetric MS, WS, XS/YS, SC solitons, and breathers, lumps are constructed after considering the corresponding existence conditions. The dynamical properties of the obtained nonlinear molecular waves and interactional structures are revealed via analyzing the trajectory equations along with the change of the phase shifts.
Regenerative potential of Platelet - derived growth factor in Nicotine - induced Intervertebral disc degenerative model – In vivo study
Authors: Zheng Daqiang , Wu Zhiming , Guan Xiaoming , Zhang Yannan , Feng Haoyu , Chang Jianjun
Published: November 2023

Objective: Tobacco smoking has been associated with intervertebral disc degeneration (IVD) resulting in prolonged constriction of the vascular network around the disc and cellular apoptosis, leading to IVDD. In recent years platelet derived growth factor has been commonly used orthopaedic related regenerative therapy. Thus,current study explores the possibility of exploiting platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), a growth factor secreted by platelets, as a therapeutic agent against the IVD degeneration.
Methods: BALB/c mice were exposed to nicotine at higher concentrations to induce IVD degeneration. Three different concentrations of PDGF (1 ng/mL, 2 ng/mL, 3ng/mL) were used in the study. Oxidative stress parameters were assessed through Lipid peroxidation (LPO), Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and Nitric oxide (NO). Histopathology was done for assessing the extent of degeneration by Haematoxylin and Eosin staining. Collagen II, mucin, and calcium deposition was analysed by, immunohistochemistry, Alcian blue and Alizarin red staining respectively. Gene expression studies were carried out by quantitative real-time Polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for Aggrecan, Collagen I alpha and Sox9 gene.
Results: IVD degeneration was prominent and PDGF treatment restored the tissue as evidenced by H&E staining. Oxidative stress was induced by the nicotine treatment and all the biomarkers of oxidative stress were restored back to normal by PDGF in a dose dependent manner. IVD anabolic gene (Aggrecan, Collagen I alpha and Sox9) was observed to be normalized by exposing to PDGF though RT-PCR. Mucin, calcium contents and collagen II were also restored to normal by PDGF treatment.
Conclusion: In conclusion, current work strongly supports that PDGF could be used as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of IVD degeneration by modulating oxidative stress markers and upregulating Col II, Aggrecan, Collagen I alpha and SOX9 for chondrogenesis.
Effect of residual volume after surgery of the discoid lateral meniscus on tibiofemoral joint biomechanics: a finite element analysis
Authors: Shen Xin , Lu Meifeng , Liu Muzi , Xie Ronghui , Gong Shiguo , Yang Chunjing , Sun Guicai
Published: November 2023

Background
The residual volume of the discoid lateral meniscus (DLM) after surgery can vary due to various factors, and the impact of residual volume on the biomechanics of the tibiofemoral joint has been scarcely studied. This study aimed to investigate the differences in the biomechanics of the tibiofemoral joint caused by varying volumes of residual meniscus using finite element analysis.
Methods
A knee joint model was established based on CT and MRI imaging data. The DLM model was divided into five regions according to conventional meniscectomy, with volumes of 15%, 15%, 15%, 15%, 15%, and 40% for each region. Additionally, the DLM model was divided into anterior and posterior parts to obtain ten regions. The DLM was resected according to the design scheme, and together with the intact discoid meniscus, a total of 15 models were obtained. Finite element analysis was conducted to assess shear and pressure trends on the knee joint.
Results
The decrease in meniscus volume from 100–40% resulted in a gradual increase in peak compressive and shear stresses in the lateral femoral cartilage and lateral meniscus, with a significant increase at 40%. Moreover, when considering the differences in anterior and posterior volumes, meniscus models with greater preservation of the anterior volume exhibited better biomechanical advantages.
Conclusion
Finite element analysis suggests that preserving 85–55% of the meniscus volume should be attempted during DLM surgery. Additionally, preserving the anterior volume of the DLM is crucial for achieving better biomechanical outcomes in the knee.
The Prognostic Impact of Diabetes Status and Postoperative Murray law‐based Quantitative Flow Ratio Value in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Guo Wenqin , Chen Jing , Zhong Tingting , Yan Shaodi , Lu Zixiao , Luo Ying , Zhang Xue , Hu Wei , Li Huaqiu , Zeng Fanfang , Zhang Jiebo , Zuo Huihua , Peng Changnong , Yan Hongbing
Published: November 2023

Introduction:
Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have a higher incidence of microcirculatory disturbance, which may affect the accuracy of Murray law-based quantitative flow ratio (µQFR) values. Whether diabetic status affects the relationship between postoperative µQFR values and prognosis in patients with AMI remains unclear.
Methods
This was a retrospective analysis. Patients with AMI who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were included and divided into two groups based on the cut-off value for post-PCI µQFR. The primary endpoint was vessel-oriented composite events (VOCE), defined as the composite of vessel-related cardiovascular death, vessel-related MI, and target vessel revascularization (TVR).
Results
A total of 649 patients with AMI and 937 coronary arteries were included. The optimal µQFR cut-off value was 0.89. Compared to lower postoperative µQFR values (µQFR < 0.89), higher postoperative µQFR values (µQFR ≥ 0.89) were associated with reduced VOCE incidence (HR = 0.54; 95%CI: 0.37–0.78, P < 0.001), regardless of diabetic status (HR = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.31–0.92, P = 0.023 in DM; HR = 0.56; 95%CI: 0.33–0.93, P = 0.026 in non-DM; interaction P value = 0.936). Additionally, higher postoperative QFR values (µQFR ≥ 0.89) were associated with significantly lower rates of cardiac death and TVR, but not MI, compared to lower postoperative µQFR values (µQFR < 0.89). These findings were consistent in diabetic and nondiabetic patients.
Conclusion
Regardless of diabetes status, postoperative µQFR measurement was related to VOCE incidence in AMI, with lower postoperative µQFR values indicating a poorer prognosis.
The Effect of Dietary Organic Copper and Zinc Trace Minerals on Some Yield and Mineral Levels and Histological Structure of Testes
Authors: EREN Vadullah , GÜLEŞ Özay , GÖKDAL Özdal , EREN Ülker , AYPAK Serap ÜNÜBOL
Published: November 2023

In this study, organic copper and zinc minerals, which were reduced by 25% of the inorganic copper (Cu) and inorganic zinc (Zn) levels recommended for sheep, were determined by the lambs live weight, scrotum length, scrotum circumference, testis length, testicular diameter, the effects on serum, fleece, and stool mineral levels, semen delivery age, and the histological structure of testis were investigated. Depending on their nutrition with organic or inorganic minerals, male lambs born from sheep were divided into two groups, one organic and the other inorganic given a ration containing copper and zinc minerals. 5.25 mg/kg DM copper-chelate (2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutyrate) and 15.0 mg/kg DM zinc-chelate were given to the experimental group, and 7 mg/kg DM copper-sulfate and 20 mg/kg DM zinc-sulfate were given to the control group. At the end of the experiment, it was determined that the difference between the live weight, scrotum length and circumference, testicular length and diameter, and the mean age of sperm delivery with 50% motility were not statistically significant. It was determined that the mean values of serum copper, serum zinc, and fleece zinc were numerically higher in the experimental group, and the average fleece copper value was significantly higher in the experimental group. At the end of the experiment, the mean fecal copper level and the mean fecal zinc level were found to be significantly lower in the experimental group. Moreover, it was determined that the height of the tubular epithelium was higher in the experimental group. Although organic copper and organic zinc were given at lower levels, it was determined that they showed similar results with inorganic copper and inorganic zinc and even better in terms of some parameters.
On the Splitting Property of Rings with Restricted Class of Injectivity Domains
Authors: Saraç Bülent
Published: November 2023

There has been a growing research interest in exploring rings whose modules are either injective or far from being injective to a specified degree. As is commonly observed in each of such scenarios, rings can be broken as a direct sum, where one of the two components is a semisimple Artinian ring and the other is an indecomposable ring having zero or (essential) homogeneous right socle. Although this phenomenon has become increasingly expected and less surprising with every new study, proving it has never become easier, and in most cases, it has been obtained as a result of considerable efforts. This work aims to bring such studies to a common denominator and tries to explain why this phenomenon occurs each time we deal with the same type of problem.
Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 16D50; Secondary 16S90, 16N60
Nomogram of myelosuppression and survival prognosis in patients with brain metastases from non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma by intrathecal injection of pemetrexed via the Ommaya Reservoir
Authors: Luo Junhao , Shen Yue , Li Bin , Li Xiangping
Published: November 2023

Objective: Pemetrexed via Ommaya Reservoir as a new treatment of brain metastases from non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma has been reported in clinical cases. However, there are no studies of the efficacy of pemetrexed via Ommaya Reservoir in patients from the real world. The aim of this study was to explore the efficacy and safety of patients from the real world using pemetrexed via Ommaya Reservoir.
Methods: Retrospective analysis of 174 patients with non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma (NSCLA) receiving different treatment of pemetrexed. Nomograms were created based on the independent factors and they were evaluated using consistency index (C-index), AUC, calibration curve and Decision Curve Analysis (DCA) curve.
Results: The patients with NSCLA in this study were treated with 4 different treatment regimens using pemetrexed chemotherapy (n=23), intrathecal pemetrexed via Ommaya Reservoir (n=38), co-immunisation (n=65), and co-targeting (n=48). Median progression-free survival (mPFS) was 4.1 months, 8.0 months, 8.0 months and 5.6 months, respectively. Bone metastases (OR=3.011, 95%CI 1.408~6.441), reduced pre-treatment leukocyte (OR=13.036 95%CI5.569~30.517) and Platelet/lymphocyte (PLR) (OR=2.664, 95%CI 1.203~5.903) were associated with the development of myelosuppression; BMI (P=0.008), smoking index >400 (P<0.001), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) ≥2 (P=0.001), treatment (P=0.001) and systemic immunoinflammatory index (SII) (P<0.001) were associated with PFS. The C-index for the 2 nomograms were 0.845 (95% CI 0.789-0.901) and 0.811 (95% CI0.768-0.854), respectively.
Conclusions: Pemetrexed via Ommaya Reservoir is a novel treatment option with good clinical benefit for patients with brain metastases from NSCLA.
Optimal fissioning strategies of social insects in dependence of colony dynamics and nest founding probability
Authors: Hovestadt Thomas , Kohl Patrick , Mitesser Oliver
Published: November 2023

Social insects demonstrate two fundamentally different modes of reproduction, independent colony foundation (ICF) by single fertilized queens or dependent colony foundation (DCF) by fissioning of existing colonies into an 'old' colony and one or several new colonies (swarms); at least in some species both modes can occur in parallel. The benefits and disadvantages of DCF vs. ICF have been widely discussed and been subject to empirical studies but a formal theoretical treatment of the topic is still lacking. Here we provide a model of colony dynamics to analyze the ecological conditions under which DCF may be favored over ICF. Using numerical methods, we show that it critically depends on the survivorship function linking swarm size to the probability of swarm establishment whether ICF or DCF results in a higher output of \textit{surviving} new colonies (swarming rate). Due to the fundamentally rate reducing effect of emitting larger swarms, DCF can only be a better strategy if the survivorship function of swarms is sufficiently steep. Colony growth rate should have no effect on this decision and the impact of maximum colony size should at best be moderate. Further, a discontinuity in the optimal swarm size occurs in the parameter space: either a swarm size of 1 (ICF) is the best strategy or emitting swarms of considerable size (DCF). A direct evolutionary transition from ICF to DCF appears thus unlikely and may have been triggered by other selective pressures promoting movement of complete nests or distributing single colonies over several nests (polydomy)
Underreporting of Non-Study Cigarette Use by Study Participants Confounds the Interpretation of Results from Ambulatory Clinical Trial of Reduced Nicotine Cigarettes
Authors: Zhang Mingda , Wang Jingzhu , Edmiston Jeffery
Published: November 2023

Background: As part of its comprehensive plan to significantly reduce the harm from tobacco products, the US Food and Drug Administration is in the process of establishing a product standard to lower nicotine in conventional cigarettes to make them “minimally addictive or non-addictive”. Many clinical studies have switched participants who smoke to reduced nicotine cigarettes to investigate the impact on smoking behavior and exposure to cigarette constituents; these ambulatory studies required participants to switch to reduced nicotine study cigarettes. In contrast to clinical trials on pharmaceuticals or medical devices, participants had ready access to non-study conventional nicotine cigarettes and high rates of non-study cigarette use have been consistently reported. The magnitude of noncompliance was not adequately assessed in these trials, which could further hinder an accurate assessment of the potential impact of such a standard.
Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of data from a large, randomized trial of reduced nicotine cigarettes to estimate the magnitude of noncompliance, i.e., the average number of non-study cigarettes smoked per day by study participants assigned to reduced nicotine cigarettes. Individual participant’s non-study cigarette use was estimated based on his/her urinary total nicotine equivalents level, the nicotine content of the study cigarette assigned, and the self-reported number of cigarettes smoked, using a previously published method.
Results: Our analysis showed that (1) there is large variation in the number of non-study cigarettes smoked by participants within each group (CV 90-232%); (2) participants in reduced nicotine cigarette groups under-reported their mean number of non-study cigarettes smoked per day by 85-91%; and (3) the biochemical-based estimates indicate no reduction in the mean number of total cigarettes smoked per day for any group assigned to reduced nicotine cigarettes after accounting for non-study cigarettes.
Conclusions: High levels of noncompliance, in both the rate and magnitude of non-study cigarette use, are common in ambulatory reduced nicotine cigarette trials where participants have access to conventional nicotine non-study cigarettes. The potential impact of high noncompliance on study outcomes should be considered when interpreting the results from such ambulatory studies.
Analysis on the propagation characteristics of a Generalized Hermite cosh-Gaussian beam through human upper dermis tissue
Authors: Saad Faroq , Benzehoua Halima , Belafhal Abdelmajid
Published: November 2023

Based on the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle, the analytical formula for a Generalized Hermite cosh-Gaussian beam (GHchGB) propagating through human upper dermis tissue is derived in this paper. From the derived formula, numerical illustrative examples are performed to illustrate the propagation properties of the considered beam in human upper dermis tissue. Results show that the evolution of the intensity pattern of GHchGB depends strongly on the source beam parameters such as Gaussian beam waists, decentered cosh parameter, hollowness parameter, beam orders and wavelength. It is found that the GHchGB with a smaller parameter in the human upper dermis evolves into the Gaussian beam faster as the propagation distance increases. This observation suggests that the resistance of the GHchGB against turbulence increases as the source parameter increases. The significance of the obtained results has the potential application in the development of bio-optical disease detection and treatment technology.
A High Efficiency Broadband Gallium Nitride Power Amplifier with Harmonic Control technology
Authors: Lin Qian , Lu Cong , Wu Haifeng , Hu Dan-Hui
Published: November 2023

In order to meet the requirements of high efficiency and broadband for the wireless communication system, a high efficiency and broadband gallium nitride power amplifier is designed and verified. Using the step-matching structure, the bandwidth has been improved. Furthermore, the input matching network is constructed by connecting several microband lines serially to reduce the matching Q value. Meanwhile, the harmonic control network is designed as the output matching network, which is built by a quarter-wave (λ/4) line open circuit and short circuit microwave lines in parallel. Thus, its drain efficiency can be improved. This design is simulated and tested at 2.2-3 GHz. After measuring, it attains an output power of 39.5–41.5 dBm, Gain of 10.5–12.5 dB with drain efficiency of 65.1%-78.3% and power added efficiency of 64.8%-76.2%.
Stability after Maxillary Setback by Horseshoe Le Fort I Osteotomy in Skeletal Class II Cases
Authors: Maung Myo Maung , Hasebe Daichi , Kasahara Masaki , Zheng Zhuoyang , Takeuchi Ryoko , Sakuma Hidenobu , Saito Daisuke , Kobayashi Tadaharu
Published: November 2023

Purpose: Le Fort I osteotomy combined with horseshoe osteotomy has been established as a technique for total maxilla setback. In this study, the stability of the jaw position was examined in five cases in which was performed total maxillary setback by Le Fort I osteotomy combined with horseshoe osteotomy.
Subjects and Methods: The stability of the maxilla was examined in five cases that had undergone total maxillary setback by horseshoe Le Fort I osteotomy (H- LF I) and bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) including mandibular anterior subapical osteotomy (MASO) in one case. The changes in the position of the jawbone were analyzed with lateral cephalograms taken immediately before (T0), a few days after (T1), and one year after (T2) the surgery.
Results: Postoperative maxillary changes both horizontally and vertically were all less than 2 mm. Postoperative horizontal mandibular changes showed little skeletal relapse, but all postoperative vertical mandibular changes were within 2 mm.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that H-LF I osteotomy is a reliable, safe, and effective surgical procedure for postoperative skeletal stability of total maxillary setback in skeletal class II cases.
Setting the environmental performance threshold for diverting residual streams towards bioeconomy strategies
Authors: Javourez U. , Karan S.K. , Hamelin L.
Published: November 2023

To shift towards low fossil carbon economies, making more out of residual streams is increasingly promoted. Yet, it remains unclear whether or not deploying advanced reuse of residual biomass really achieves net environmental benefits compared to current management practices. By integrating resource assessment methods, consequential life cycle analysis and uncertainty analysis, we propose a single framework to quantify the residual biomass baseline, which is the environmental threshold any bioeconomy strategy should overpass. For France, we estimate the residual biomass baseline to generate 18.4 ± 2.7 MtCO2-eq.y-1, 255 ± 35 ktN-eq.y-1 and 12,300 ± 800 diseases per year (particulate matter formation), principally due to current crop residues and livestock effluent management practices which generate more than 90% of total environmental impacts and associated uncertainties. We systematically characterize the environmental impacts for each stream, by reporting potential improvement measures as well as actions to reduce uncertainties. Overall, current reuse of residual streams in agronomy is estimated to meet more than half of total French P and K fertilizing demand, but only around 6% for nitrogen due to current volatilization and farming accounting practices. Moreover, only 3% of residual streams are currently supplying an energy service. We believe the current situation is not a suitable reference for bioeconomy trajectories. There are already efforts underway to improve the agricultural reuse and energy recovery of these streams. These initiatives aim to reduce the baseline and prioritize the use of biogas in sectors without decarbonization options, potentially halving the residual impact. Accordingly, we suggest any alternative bioeconomy strategy should rather compare to this projected baseline, estimated for France at 8.5 MtCO2-eq.y-1. The proposed framework is a stepping stone in defining indicators tailored to track the relevance of bioeconomy strategies, but should include refined modeling and move towards spatially-explicit LCA to accompany local waste management planning.
Modernist Literary-Criticism in Indonesia: A Study on the Practices of Millenial Digital Literacy on the Youtube Comments
Authors: Mahyudi Johan , Sirulhaq Ahmad
Published: November 2023

The research was focused on investigating the tradition of modernist literary criticism, which could be found in the audience’s comments under the video on the YouTube website. As the center of the digital literary paradigm, digital poetry in videography has become an object of criticism for the Indonesian millennial generation. As was known, one of the markers of digital literacy was proficiency in using digital media. One of these media was used to produce criticism by voicing non-text semiotics. Because of that, in the research, thousands of criticisms that appeared on the poetry websites “Aksara Betha” and “Rotasi” were analyzed by reviewing examples of the critics’ expressions of non-text elements that could be found in the constructs of the two digital poetry. The results show that Indonesian millennials are digitally literate, and many explicitly mention digital art features that have attracted their interest. Some critics even express their subjective feelings about the show’s duration which is considered too short. Such practice explains that the Indonesian millennial generation has felt the effect of one of the morphological elements of digital poetry, namely space and time. Furthermore, suppose it can be called a tradition; in that case, the honesty of the critics in collecting criticism of the work they prepare is the milestone of the new tradition in literary criticism. This tradition is rarely, if not never, to be found in the tradition of printed literary criticism.