bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis and Design of an Irregular Steel Marine Structure
Authors: Dhanuskar Dr. J. R. , Jadhav Yogesh M.
Published: February 2023

Abstract: Due to requirement of unique architectural appearance of building, the regularity in plan, mass and stiffness may get disturbed and may lead to development of torsion in the structure. The two most significant aspects of new structures are form and function, which are growing more sophisticated as elements of equally sophisticated "systems" that we live in. Both the shape and the structural system must be sound in order for the construction to be both aesthetically pleasing and functionally successful. Nowadays, it is usual to see structures that are irregularly shaped or sculptural in nature. The irregular shape building differs from regular building in terms of shape, structure, reliability, economy and aesthetic appearance. The study focuses on design and load analysis of an irregular steel structure which is in the shape of a ship. The design and analysis is performed in STAAD PRO software.
Non-equilibrium and nonlinear processes in robustness potential evaluation of reinforced concrete structural systems in ultimate states
Authors: Androsova Natalia B. , Kolchunov Vitaly I. , Emelyanov Sergey G.
Published: February 2023

The problems of non-equilibrium and nonlinear processes in the evaluation of reinforced concrete structural systems robustness potential in ultimate states are considered. The definition of concept of “robustness exposition” is given for a quantitative assessment of the robustness potential. A calculation model based on the generalization of the well-known classical relationship between the current relative deficit change rate of the reinforced concrete stress-strain state with respect to each fixed time value is proposed to describe in time non-equilibrium processes of structural materials force resistance depending on the mode and level of loading. On the basis of the linear creep theory, aging materials, an algorithm was developed to determine the measure of creep, corrosion-damaged concrete and reinforced concrete and to determine the parameter “robustness exposition” of a reinforced concrete statically indeterminate structural system, taking into account non-equilibrium and nonlinear processes of its deformation in time. An example of a single-span rigidly clamped reinforced concrete beam calculating the robustness potential from the position of a special limiting state criterion is considered.
Basic principles in the theory of force and thermal force resistance of concrete
Authors: Fedorov Viktor S. , Levitsky Valery E. , Isaeva Ekaterina A.
Published: February 2023

In the development of the ideas and approaches to the analysis of the force resistance of concrete of V.M. Bondarenko, the initial prerequisites for the model of the thermomechanical state of concrete under short-term sharp high-temperature exposure, characteristic of fire conditions, are formulated. The separation of force deformations into components is carried out on the basis of the connection with the accumulation of damage in the structure of the material, based on the principle of independence of the limiting structural stresses from temperature and the mode of force action, which makes it possible to establish basic thermomechanical relationships and determine the deformation parameters of concrete operating under conditions of unsteady heating in a loaded state. Based on the extension of the hypothesis of entropy damping of nonequilibrium processes to the area of action of an active destructive factor, the principle of normalization was formulated and a kinetic equation was proposed, from the solution of which exponential dependences having a single structure were obtained, which make it possible to describe the basic temperature parameters of concrete, the relationship of stresses with deformations, and other nonlinear characteristics. The application of the proposed principles creates a reliable theoretical basis for describing the mechanisms of thermal resistance of concrete and greatly simplifies the modeling of the effect of high temperature on the properties of concrete in the practical implementation of methods for the numerical calculation of reinforced concrete structures.
Addressing Sexual Harassment and Gender Bias: Mandatory Modules Are Not Enough
Authors: Russell Holly Ann , Sanders Mechelle , Nofziger Anne , Fogarty Colleen T. , McDaniel Susan H. , Rosenberg Tziporah , Fiscella Kevin , Naumburg Elizabeth
Published: February 2023

Background and Objectives: Despite decades of new policy guidelines and mandatory training modules, sexual harassment (SH) and gender bias (GB) continue in academic medicine. The hierarchical structure of medical training makes it challenging to act when one experiences or witnesses SH or GB. Most trainings designed to address SH and GB are driven by external mandates and do not utilize current educational techniques. Our goal was to design training that is in-person, active, and directed toward skills development.
Methods: Our academic family medicine (FM) department began by surveying our faculty and residents about their lived experiences of SH and GB. We used these data, incorporating principles of adult learning, to deliver voluntary, experiential, interactive workshops throughout 2019. The workshops took place during faculty development meetings and an annual retreat. We used interactive techniques that included case-based and Theater of the Oppressed formats.
Outcomes: Eighty percent of faculty and residents participated in at least one of our voluntary training sessions. In April of 2020, we administered a retrospective, pre/postsurvey on confidence in recognizing, responding to, and reporting SH and GB. We found significant improvements in all domains surveyed; many participants reported using the skills in the 6 months prior to completing the surveys.
Conclusion: We demonstrated that voluntary, interactive training sessions using the recommendations of the National Academies of Science Engineering and Medicine Report on the Sexual Harassment of Women improve participants’ reported confidence in recognizing, responding to, and reporting SH and GB in one academic FM department. This training intervention is practical and can be disseminated and implemented in many settings.
Climate heterogeneity shapes phylogeographic pattern of Hippophae gyantsensis (Elaeagnaceae) in the East Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains
Authors: Xu Ting , Wang Ruixue , Qiong La , Yonezawa Takahiro , Huang Xinyi , Kun Sun , Song Zhiping , Wang Yuguo , Bartish Igor , Zhang Wenju , Cheng Shanmei
Published: February 2023

The interaction of recent orographic uplift and climate heterogeneity
acted as a key role in the East Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains (EHHM) has
been reported in many studies. However, how exactly the interaction
promotes clade diversification remains poorly understood. Here, we both
studied genetic structure of the chloroplast trnT-trnF region and 11
nuclear microsatellite loci in Hippophae gyantsensis and examined what
role geological barriers or ecological factors play in the spatial
genetic structure. The results showed that this species had a strong
east-west phylogeographic structure, with several mixed populations
identified from microsatellite data in central location. The
intraspecies divergence time was estimated to about 3.59 Ma,
corresponding well with the recent uplift of the Tibetan Plateau.
Between the two lineages there was significant climatic differentiation
without geographic barriers. High consistency between lineage
divergence, climatic heterogeneity and Qingzang Movement demonstrated
that climatic heterogeneity but not geographic isolation drives the
divergence of H. gyantsensis, and the recent regional uplift of the QTP,
as the Himalayas, create heterogeneous climates by affecting the flow of
the Indian monsoon. The east group of H. gyantsensis experienced
population expansion c. 0.12 Ma, closely associated with the last
interglacial interval. Subsequently, a genetic admixture event between
east and west groups happened at 26.90 ka, a period corresponding to the
warm inter-glaciation again. These findings highlight the importance of
the Quaternary climatic fluctuations in the recent evolutionary history
of H. gyantsensis. Our study will improve the understanding of the
history and mechanisms of biodiversity accumulation in the EHHM region.
Unravelling origin and diversity of a non-native fish in Iran; Hemiculter leucisculus (Basilewsky, 1855) and its response to climate change
Authors: oskoei parastoo , khoshnamvand hadi , azimi maryam , ahmadzadeh faraham , abdoli asghar
Published: February 2023

Non-native and invasive species are the second leading cause of species
extinction and one of the major threats to freshwater ecosystems.
Hemiculter leucisculus is one of the introduced species of Iran’s
aquatic ecosystems for many years (1967) that has been reported from
Iran in the Anzali wetland for the first time. The aim of the current
study is to assess the diversity and origin of H. leucisculus a
non-native species and also its response to current and future climate
change in Iran’s freshwater. To this, we collected the specimen from the
species distribution range in the country and performed the
mitochondrial gene, cytochrome b (cytb) combining them with the 84
GenBank(NCBI) sequences. In addition, an ensemble model approach was
used for future Species Distribution Modelings (SDMs) and it was
estimated according to two Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSPs): 126
and 585 of the MRI-ESM2 based on CMIP6. According to our results, all
the samples examined in the current study originated from the same
locatlity, the river basins of china. The results also show a high
genetic and haplotype diversity that can have a positive effect on the
success of its non-native in different catchments of inland waters of
Iran. Afterward, the result of SDM maps, clearly illustrated that
climate change would significantly affect the distribution of H.
leucisculus and it showed a sharp tendency to expand over time in its
distribution areas.
A Physical Topology for Optimizing Partition Tolerance in Consortium Blockchains to Reach CAP Guarantee Bound
Authors: Wang Han , Li Hui , Ye Qiongwei , Lu Ping , Yang Yong , Chong Peter Han Joo , Chu Xiaoli , Lv Qi , Smahi Abla
Published: February 2023

Decentralized cryptocurrency systems, known as blockchains, have shown
promise as an infrastructure for mutually distrustful parties to
securely agree on transactions. Nevertheless, blockchain systems are
constrained by the CAP Trilemma. Due to performance degradation, it is
impossible to address this issue by improving simply the consensus layer
or the network layer. To alleviate the CAP constraint in consortium
blockchains, we propose a topological construction method to optimize
the physical layer based on multi-dimensional hypercubes with excellent
partition tolerance in probability. The basic topology has the advantage
of solving the mismatch problem between the overlay network and the
underlying network. It is further extended to hierarchical recursive
topologies with more intermediate links or short links to balance the
reliability requirement with the cost of building the physical network.
We prove that the proposed hypercube topology has better partition
tolerance than the regular rooted tree and ring lattice topologies, and
effectively fits the upper-layer protocols at the consensus and network
layers. As a result, combined with suitable transmission and consensus
protocols that satisfy strong consistency and availability, the proposed
topology-constructed blockchain can reach the CAP guarantee bound.
Identification of ichthyoplankton in the East China Sea off the Coast of Zhoushan Archipelago using an integrated strategy of morphology and DNA barcoding
Authors: Jiang Rijin , Mchura Magati , Liang Zibin , Yin Rui , Zhou Yongdong , Chen Yongjiu
Published: February 2023

The East China Sea (ECS) off the Coast of Zhoushan Archipelago, Zhejiang
(ECS-CZA) is home to abundant fishery resources and an important
spawning, feeding, and nursing ground for a variety of fish species. Due
to long-term overfishing, the ichthyoplankton structure has been
dramatically altered. Understanding the species composition and
distribution of fish eggs and larvae is one of the most essential tasks
to accurately regulate fishery resources and formulate effective
management policies; however, little is known about the ichthyoplankton
in this region. In this study, an integrated strategy of morphology
identification (MI) and mitochondrial COI DNA barcoding were used to
identify species of fish eggs and larvae collected from the ECS-CZA. MI
revealed 15 fish egg species belonging to 12 families and 12 fish larva
species belonging to 12 families; in contrast, DNA barcoding altogether
identified 30 species, including 18 fish egg species and 13 fish larva
species. One species was shared between the egg and larva samples. Our
study offers useful tools and critical scientific information for
understanding the recruitment, distribution, and conservation management
of various fish species in this marine environment.
Readiness of the health system against COVID-19 and its impact on economy and foreign trade in MENA
Authors: Özsoy Özlem , Gürler Metin
Published: February 2023

Objectives
This study aims to investigate the readiness and
resilience of health system against COVID-19 and the impact of the
pandemic on economy and foreign trade in the Middle East and North
Africa (MENA) region with Turkey.
Methods
By descriptive
analysis, we evaluated the readiness and resilience of the health system
and the impact of the pandemic on economy and foreign trade in the MENA
region with Turkey. We tested the normality of the indicators by
Jarque-Bera (JB), Shapiro-Wilk (SW) and Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) tests.
We ranked the countries by min-max standardization method.
Results
As of the end of July 2021, the number of COVID-19
related cases was more than 12.4 million in MENA and 5.7 million in
Turkey and deaths were more than 212 thousand in MENA and 51 thousand in
Turkey.
After the analysis in order, we have found Israel, Saudi
Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Turkey and Qatar as the most resilient
countries and Yemen, Syria, Palestine, Iraq and Libya as the most
vulnerable countries against pandemic.
Conclusion
The
pandemic has affected the life and the economies in the region
negatively and the health system for some of them was not sufficient to
fight with it.
Choroidal metastasis and bilateral optic nerve involvement as presenting sign of metastatic lung adenocarcinoma: a case report
Authors: Shariati Mehrdad Motamed , Khazaei Sahel
Published: February 2023

A 49-year-old male presented with a gradually progressive loss of vision
in both eyes. Funduscopic examination revealed bilateral optic disc
swelling and two yellowish elevated choroidal lesions in the LE.
Ophthalmic imaging raised suspicion of choroidal metastasis.
Adenocarcinoma of the lung was detected in further systemic evaluation.
Cognitive-perceptual traits influence use of physics laws to enhance visual motion tracking
Authors: Cooper Chloe , Meso Andrew
Published: February 2023

Schizophrenia and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) can disrupt cognition
and consequently behaviour. Traits of ASD and the subclinical
manifestation of schizophrenia, schizotypy, have been studied in healthy
populations with overlap found in trait profiles linking ASD social
deficits to negative schizotypy, and ASD attention to detail to positive
schizotypy. Here, we probed the relationship between sub-trait profiles,
cognition and behaviour, using a predictive tracking task to measure
individual eye movements under three gravity conditions. 48 healthy
participants tracked an on-screen bouncing ball under familiar gravity,
inverted antigravity and horizontal gravity control conditions while eye
movements were recorded and dynamic performance quantified. Participants
completed ASD and Schizotypy inventories generating highly correlated
scores, r = 0.73. All tracked best under the gravity condition,
producing anticipatory downward responses from stimulus onset under
gravity which were delayed upwards under antigravity. Tracking
performance was not associated with overall ASD or schizotypy trait
levels. Combining measures using Principal Components Analysis (PCA), we
decomposed the inventories into sub-traits unveiling interesting
patterns. Positive Schizotypy was associated with ASD dimensions of
rigidity, odd behaviour and face processing, and which all linked to
anticipatory tracking responses under atypical antigravity. In contrast,
negative schizotypy was associated with ASD dimensions of social
interactions and rigidity, and to early stimulus-driven tracking under
gravity. There was also substantial nonspecific overlap between ASD and
Schizotypy dissociated from tracking. Our work links positive-odd traits
with anticipatory tracking when physics rules are violated, and
negative-social traits with the application of expected physics.
SARS-CoV-2 and amyloid beta peptide: an unhealthy duo
Authors: Ayala-Peña Victoria
Published: February 2023

The volume of knowledge that the scientific community has compiled about
SARS-CoV-2 and amyloid beta peptide is scarce, but it is growing every
day. The interaction between the virus and the amyloid beta peptide is
poorly understood and some data are unclear. The long-term consequences
of SARS-CoV-2 infection on human health remain uncertain at this time.
The present mini review provides a discussion about the association
between the amyloid beta peptide and COVID-19 through a review of the
literature.
Resilience Assessment of Active Distribution Systems Considering Microgrid Formation based on Grid-Edge DERs
Authors: Huang Yuxiong , Rong Xuanman , Li Gengfeng , Chen Chen , Bie Zhaohong
Published: February 2023

Distributed energy resources (DERs) provide flexible load restoration
strategies, which can effectively enhance the resilience of active
distribution systems (ADSs). Whereas, the widespread DERs in ADSs
complicate the supply-demand relationship and make the system resilience
difficult to access. Therefore, this paper proposes a simulation-based
resilience assessment algorithm of ADSs considering the microgrid
formation based on grid-edge DERs. Microgrid formation is used to depict
the resilience gain of grid-edge DERs on ADSs. Specifically, a
resilience assessment framework for ADSs is firstly proposed, where the
uncertainty of component state and supply-demand is modelled based on
probability statistics. Then the mixed integer linear programming is
used to search for optimal load restoration strategies with microgrid
formation. On this basis, a set of resilience indices are defined to
quantitatively analyse the resilience of ADSs, and a resilience
assessment algorithm with uncertainty scenario generation is proposed to
obtain these indices. Furthermore, extensive numerical results based on
a modified IEEE 123-bus feeder validate the effectiveness of our
proposed method.
Genes capsule overview (cap5 & cap8) in identify Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from clinical samples
Authors: rahimkhani monireh , Abdulkadir Abdulhamid Umar , rajabi zahra
Published: February 2023

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is an important pathogen that is
involved in causing various infections. In recent years, attempts to
treat infections caused by these strains have led to resistance to most
antibiotics, especially methicillin and vancomycin. In this study, we
evaluated genes capsule in MRSA isolated from clinical samples of
hospitals affiliated with the Tehran University of Medical Sciences. 73
clinical samples suspected of MRSA were collected and confirmed
phenotypically and biochemically. PCR was done by studying the presence
of cap8, cap5, vanA, and mecA genes. All 73 samples were confirmed as
MRSA both by biochemical tests and by examining the presence of the mecA
gene. Wound with 21 (28.77%) was the most, and synovial fluid with 1
(1.36%) was the least analyzed sample. The ICU department had the
highest amount of MRSA samples, with 25 (34.24%), and the ENT, with 1
(1.36%), had the lowest amount. 32 isolates (43.84%) contained the
cap5 gene, 27 (36.99%) cap8 gene, and 5 (6.84%) had the vanA gene.
Among the isolated VRSAs, 2 (40%) isolates contained both cap5&8 genes
simultaneously. The results of antimicrobial tests showed multi drugs
resistance in these isolates.
Studying the spatial structuring of chemical elements through the prism of community and landscape ecology
Authors: McLeod Anne , Leroux Shawn , Little Chelsea , Massol François , Wal Eric Vander , Wiersma Yolanda , Gounand Isabelle , Nicolas Loeuille , Harvey Eric
Published: February 2023

Approximatively 25 chemical elements are essential for the maintenance,
growth and reproduction of all living organisms. Hence, the movement,
distribution, and relative proportions of those elements on the
landscape should have significant influence on the structure and
functioning of biological communities. Yet our basic understanding for
the spatial distribution of elements across landscapes and the drivers
of those patterns are limited. Here, we propose a novel framework to
apply tools from community and landscape ecology to study spatial
patterns in elements. We illustrate this framework with an empirical
proof of concept in the boreal forest and demonstrate how spatial grain
and spatial dissimilarity of elements interact leading to predictable
patterns in elemental distributions at various spatial scales. In
particular, we observe that at finer spatial grains, sites with high
contributions to elemental dissimilarity cluster together. As grain size
increases, the landscape becomes more homogeneous with larger patches of
sites with intermediate contributions to elemental dissimilarity
emerging near aquatic-terrestrial boundaries. Meanwhile, an analysis
revealed that the most important elemental contributors to spatial
dissimilarity in this landscape are potassium and calcium, two
infrequently studied elements in community ecology, raising new
questions about their role in, or response to, distributions of
biodiversity and ecosystem functions. Our novel framework demonstrates
how we can use community metrics (e.g., dissimilarity) to investigate
variability of individual elements, the building blocks of
stoichiometric ratios, across landscapes. As a field, ecology is just
beginning to fully acknowledge the contribution of biotic factors in
shaping biogeochemical processes, but here we provide a framework for
integrating abiotic and biotic processes. We conclude by hypothesizing
that changes in the evenness or beta-diversity of elements should
reflect the structure of biotic communities, providing a long-sought
mechanistic link between community and ecosystem processes that can be
measured directly in the field.
Improvement of the accuracy of ocean tide model based on the offshore continuous gravity data with atomic gravimeter
Authors: Wu Bin , Zhao Yingpeng , Zhou Yin , Yuan Peng , Li dianrong , Zhu Dong , Cheng Bing , Wu Leyuan , Qiao Zhongkun , Wang Xiaolong , Lin Qiang
Published: February 2023

Marine gravity measurements are critically affected by ocean tides
effect. However, the model of ocean tidal loading (OTL) is not accurate
enough for offshore high-precision gravity measurement at present. In
this paper, we carry out the investigation of gravity variations for the
measured location that is far from the shore. Currently, the OTL model
calculates the effect of tidal waves globally. However, the influence of
local mass changes on gravity measurement should be taken into account,
especially when the observed location is far from the shore. For further
verification, the gravity measurement experiments are carried out based
on a homemade atomic gravimeter at a location, which is 230 m far away
from the shore and surrounded by seawater. Even in the harsh measurement
environment of the quay, the continuous monitoring of gravity variation
has been done for about three days, and the measurement sensitivity of
our atomic gravimeter is estimated to be 0.76
mGal$/\sqrt{\text{Hz}}$ for an
interrogation time of 110 ms. Moreover, the gravity changes of
approximately 170 $\upmu$Gal have been observed with
the variation of regional seawater mass, which agree well with the
calculated results based on the new modified model of OTL. The results
of this paper may be helpful for the high-precision calibration of
marine gravimeters.
Growth and global persistence of stratospheric sulfate aerosols from the 2022 Hunga Tonga-Hunga Haápai volcanic eruption
Authors: Boichu Marie , Grandin Raphael , Blarel Luc , Torres Benjamin , Derimian Yevgeny , Goloub Philippe , Brogniez Colette , Chiapello Isabelle , Dubovik Oleg , Mathurin Théo , Pascal Nicolas , Patou Maximilien , Riedi Jérôme
Published: February 2023

Stratospheric sulfate aerosols play a key role on atmospheric chemistry
and Earth’s radiation budget, but their size distribution, a critical
parameter in climate models, is generally poorly-known. We address such
gap for the 2022 Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha apai (HT-HH) volcanic eruption by
exhaustively analyzing photometric observations from the worldwide
open-access AERONET network. We document a rapid growth of HT-HH sulfate
aerosols in the days following eruption, faster than observed for other
stratospheric eruptions, likely due to the exceptional hydration of the
stratosphere by this phreatomagmatic eruption. An unusual aerosol fine
mode (peak radius in 0.3-0.5 µm) is identified at >20
stations of the southern hemisphere until December 2022 (time of
writing). Nevertheless, one year after eruption, HT-HH sulfate aerosols
remain smaller than 1991 Pinatubo particles. Smaller aerosols
backscatter more efficiently visible light and sediment more slowly than
larger particles, implying stronger and longer-lasting negative
radiative forcing.
Synthesis of the Seismic Structure of the Greater Alaska Region: Continental Lithosphere
Authors: Yang Xiaotao , Mann Michael Everett , Fischer Karen , Jadamec Margarete , Wei S Shawn , Pavlis Gary , Schaeffer Andrew
Published: February 2023

Significant advances have been made over the last two decades in
constraining the structure of the continental lithosphere in Alaska,
particularly with the EarthScope USArray seismic data collection
efforts. This paper distills recent seismic models in Alaska and western
Yukon (Canada) and relates them to major faults and tectonic terranes.
We synthesize results from eight shear-wave velocity models and seven
crustal thickness models. Through objective clustering of seismic
velocity profiles, we identify six different velocity domains,
separately for the crust (at the depth range of 10-50 km) and the mantle
(at the depth range of 40-120 km). The crustal seismic domains show
strong correlations with average crustal thickness patterns and the
distribution of major faults and tectonic terranes. The mantle seismic
velocity domains demonstrate signatures of major faults and tectonic
terranes in northern Alaska while in southern Alaska the domains are
primarily controlled by the geometry of the subducting lithosphere. The
results of this study have significant implications for the tectonics
and geodynamics of the overriding continental lithosphere from the
margin to the interior. This synthesis will be of interest to future
studies of Alaska as well as other modern and ancient systems involving
convergent margins and terrane accretions.
Evolution of bottom boundary layers on three dimensional topography -- Buoyancy adjustment and instabilities
Authors: Jagannathan Arjun , Srinivasan Kaushik , McWilliams James C. , Molemaker Jeroen , Stewart Andrew
Published: February 2023

A current along a sloping bottom gives rise to upwelling, or downwelling
Ekman transport within the stratified bottom boundary layer (BBL), also
known as the bottom Ekman layer. In 1D models of slope currents,
geostrophic vertical shear resulting from horizontal buoyancy gradients
within the BBL is predicted to eventually bring the bottom stress to
zero, leading to a shutdown, or
\change{\lq arrest \rq
\,,}{\lq arrest \rq,} of
the BBL. Using 3D ROMS simulations, we explore how the dynamics of
buoyancy adjustment in a current-ridge encounter problem differs from 1D
and 2D temporal spin up problems. We show that in a downwelling BBL, the
destruction of the ageostrophic BBL shear, and hence the bottom stress,
is accomplished primarily by nonlinear straining effects during the
initial topographic \change{counter}{encounter}. As
the current advects along the ridge slopes, the BBL deepens and evolves
toward thermal wind balance. The onset of negative potential vorticity
(NPV) modes of instability and their subsequent dissipation partially
offsets the reduction of the BBL dissipation during the ridge-current
interaction. On the upwelling side, although the bottom stress weakens
substantially during the encounter, the BBL experiences a horizontal
inflectional point instability and separates from the slopes before
sustained along-slope stress reduction can
\change{occured}{occur}. In all our solutions, both
the upwelling and downwelling BBLs are in a partially arrested state
when the current separates from the ridge slope, characterized by a
reduced, but non-zero bottom stress on the slopes.
Discerning the concentration and bi-directional flux of ammonia in an urban estuary using the relaxed eddy accumulation method
Authors: Joyce Emily Elizabeth , Balint Sawyer J. , Walters Wendell , lichiheb Nebila , Heuer Mark , Myles LaToya , Heikes Brian Glenn , Hastings Meredith G.
Published: February 2023

Narragansett Bay, the largest estuary in the northeastern U.S., is a
heavily urbanized watershed impacted by deposition and runoff. Nutrient
budgets and local policy rely on deposition data from a 1990 study that
did not include any direct observations of dry deposition of gaseous
ammonia (NH3) and particulate ammonium (NH4+) due to uncertainties in
their flux direction and measurement difficulty. Recent precipitation
measurements show that wet deposition of NH4+ to the Bay has increased
by a factor of 6 over the past three decades, leading to a 2.5-fold
increase in wet nitrogen (N) deposition. The documented increase in wet
deposition of NH4+ concurrent with managed nutrient reductions in
urbanized estuaries has potentially increased the impacts of atmospheric
N deposition, including the dry deposition of NH3 and NH4+. However, a
scarcity of measurements hinders our interpretation of this important N
source. For the first time over Narragansett Bay, and to our knowledge
over open water, dry (particulate and gas phase) deposition of total NHx
(NHx = NH3 + NH4+) and bidirectional NH3 flux was quantified using a
relaxed eddy accumulation sampling technique. We find that total N
entering the Bay from the atmosphere has doubled since 1990. Dry
deposition of NHx comprises 9.6% of total N deposition. During the fall
season, the dominant flux direction for NH3 is upward, which also has
implications for urban air quality. We estimate that NH3 emitted from
the Bay to the atmosphere makes up to 10% of the local NH3 emission
budget.
Carbon storage in Earth's deep interior implied by carbonate-silicate-iron melt miscibility
Authors: Davis Anne H. , Solomatova Natalia Viatcheslavovna , Caracas Razvan , Campbell Andrew J.
Published: February 2023

Carbonate melts have been proposed to exist in the lower mantle, but
their interaction with other lower mantle melt compositions is poorly
understood. To understand miscibility in the carbonate-silicate-metal
melt system, we simulate endmember, binary, and ternary melt mixtures
and study how their Gibbs free energies of mixing evolve with pressure.
We find that carbonate-metal and carbonate-silicate melts have
miscibility gaps that close with increasing pressure, while
silicate-metal melts are immiscible at all lower-mantle pressures.
Extending this analysis to the core-mantle boundary, we suggest three
miscible melt fields near the endmember carbonate, silicate, and iron
melt compositions. Analysis of the densities of these miscible melt
compositions indicates that some carbonate-rich and some silicate-rich
melt compositions are gravitationally stable at the core-mantle boundary
and could be candidate compositions to explain ultra-low velocity zones.
Additionally, we evaluate the speciation of an example immiscible melt
composition at various pressures throughout the mantle and identify
reduced carbon species that would be expected to form in the melt. Our
analysis reveals that a majority of Earth’s carbon could have been
transported to the core during core-mantle differentiation and that much
of Earth’s carbon may be stored in the deep interior today.
The Development of Local Currency Bond Markets and Uncovered Interest Rate Parity
Authors: Park Cyn-Young , Shin Kwanho
Published: February 2023

This working paper shows how deviations in uncovered interest rate parity (UIP) decrease as local currency bond markets develop and the presence of nonbank financial institutions expands. Analyzing the period from 1996-2022, it draws on market data from 11 advanced economies including Japan and the United Kingdom, and eight emerging market economies such as India and Thailand. Assessing the growth of nonbank financial institutions alongside the role of foreign investors in local currency bond markets, it shows how UIP premium patterns in emerging market economies merge with those in advanced economies.
Comparison of Motor Seizure Duration of Ketofol and Propofol for Electroconvulsive Therapy
Authors: Dilip Baral
Published: February 2023

Objectives: Propofol and ketamine have become progressively popular in electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) anesthesia. Ketofol is a combination of ketamine and Propofol, and the current study was designed to evaluate the effect of Ketofol and Propofol on motor seizure duration, hemodynamic profile and recovery times in patients undergoing ECT. Methods: Fifty-four ECT sessions were randomized into Ketofol and Propofol group. Motor seizure duration, hemodynamic profile and recovery times were recorded. Results: Motor seizure duration in Ketofol group (28.55 + 6.54 seconds) was longer than Propofol group (22.22 + 7.94 seconds) which was statistically significant (p =0.002). Both drugs had motor seizure duration within the therapeutic range. At 1 min after the end of seizure heart rate in Propofol group (97.40 + 18.18 bpm) was lower compared to Ketofol group (109.37 + 17.69 bpm) which was statistically significant (p= 0.017). Similarly at 5 min after the end of seizure the heart rate in Propofol group (95.25 + 10.38 bpm) was lower compared to Ketofol group (102.51 ± 13.65) which was statistically significant (p= 0.032). There was no statistically significant difference in recovery times between Ketofol and Propofol group. Conclusion: Although Ketofol 1:1 mixture is associated with a longer motor seizure duration than Propofol in ECT anesthesia, both drugs are equally effective in producing motor seizure duration within the therapeutic range.
Pola Komunikasi Human Resources Department di JW Marriott Hotel Surabaya
Authors: Hutabarat Rinaldy Lowens , Asnur Lise
Published: February 2023

Salah satu departemen yang terdapat di JW Marriott Hotel Surabaya adalah Human Resources Department (HRD). Sebagai sebuah organisasi yang efektif, HRD menjalankan tugasnya dengan berkoordinasi melalui komunikasi untuk mencapai tujuan organisasi. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya pertanyaan yang muncul, motivasi yang menurun, dan rasa ketidakpastian dari karyawan akibat perubahan-perubahan yang terjadi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pola komunikasi Human Resources Department di JW Marriott Surabaya dari indikator: mengatasi pertanyaan, memotivasi karyawan, dan mengurangi ketidakpastian. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan data kualitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Human Resources Department (HRD) JW Marriott Hotel Surabaya. Informan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 4 orang yang diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling, yaitu Asst. Learning & Development Manager, Human Resources Executive, Human Resources Coordinator, dan Human Resources Administrative Assistant. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan pola komunikasi yang digunakan HRD dalam mengatasi pertanyaan cenderung membentuk pola roda; 2) pola komunikasi yang digunakan HRD dalam memotivasi karyawan adalah pola bintang (semua saluran), dan 3) pola komunikasi yang digunakan HRD dalam mengurangi ketidakpastian cenderung membentuk pola roda.
Determinan Konsentrasi Kepemilikan, Kesempatan Investasi, dan Karakteristik Perusahaan Terhadap Good Corporate Governance
Authors: Prayoga Mohammad Dicky , Bahri Syaiful
Published: February 2023

Meningkatkan kualitas perusahaan dengan cara menerapkan tata kelola perusahaan yang baik (Good Corporate Governance) untuk menjaga kelangsungan operasi dan mengurangi terjadinya kolusi, nepotisme, dan korupsi. Penerapan GCG yang baik akan meningkatkan tingkat kepercayaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh konsentrasi kepemilikan, kesempatan investasi, dan karakteristik perusahaan terhadap GCG. Jenis penelitian adalah asosiatif kausal. Populasi penelitian perusahaan perbankan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2020-2021. Teknik pengambilan sampel purposive sampling dengan sampel penelitian sebanyak 25 perusahaan. Jenis data penelitian kuantitatif dan sumber data sekunder. Teknik analisis data statistik deskriptif, uji asumsi klasik, analisis regresi berganda, koefisien determinasi, dan uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian konsentrasi kepemilikan berpengaruh terhadap GCG. Meningkatnya hak atas aliran kas dari pemegang saham akan menimbulkan kualitas implementasi GCG. Variabel kesempatan investasi tidak berpengaruh terhadap GCG karena perusahaan yang memiliki kesempatan investasi yang tinggi tidak berarti akan meningkatkan kualitas pengimplementasian GCG. Variabel  karakteristik perusahaan juga tidak berpengaruh terhadap GCG. Tingginya laba bersih tidak menjamin perusahaan tersebut telah melakukan GCG. Rendahnya uji determinasi menunjukan kecilnya pengaruh independen terhadap GCG maka peneliti selanjutnya mengembangkan populasi dan variabel-variabel independen lain seperti budaya perusahaan, peraturan perusahaan, pertumbuhan, umur perusahaan, negara operasional, dan nilai perusahaan.
Strategi Digital Marketing Tempat Pariwisata dan Budaya Desa Cempaga Melalui Platform Digital
Authors: Wahyuni Luh Tu Selpi , Lasmawan I Wayan , Suastika I Nengah
Published: February 2023

Sektor kepariwisataan telah menjadi motor penggerak dalam pembangunan di daerah Bali. Bahkan, dewasa ini kepariwisataan merupakan bagian yang tak terpisahkan dari masyarakat dan pembangunan daerah Bali. Desa wisata merupakan salah satu contoh implementasi dari pembangunan berkelanjutan (sustainable development) yang memang menjadi agenda global. Komponen pembentuk desa wisata terdiri dari manajemen dan keterlibatan masyarakat, edukasi wisatawan, kemitraan, dan peningkatan pendapatan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan jenis pariwisata yang ada di desa Cempaga, jenis-jenis pariwisata budaya, dan alat/aplikasi yang digunakan untuk mempromosikan pariwisata desa Cempaga, dan strategi digital marketingnya. Metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi dan survey kepada kepala desa dan pengelola pariwisata di Desa Cempaga Objek penelitian ini adalah Desa Cempaga. Hasil Penelitian tempat wisata yang ada di desa Cempaga yakni Artshop dan Sunset Hill Restaurant dan kebudayaan yang dapat dijadikan pariwisata budaya dalah pertunjukan tari-tarian. Strategi digital marketing guna memperomosikan tempat wisata dan kebudayaan di daerah Cempaga dengan menggunakan website desa serta bekerjasama dengan media cetak dan media elektronik yang ada di Kabupaten Buleleng. Simpulan jenis tempat wisata terdiri dari, jenis pariwisata budaya yakni tari-tarian, dan strategi digital marketing melalui website desa dan kerjasama dengan media koran cetak maupun elektronik.
Pelayanan, Harga, dan Trust dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan Wom Barbershop di Grenden Puger
Authors: Purnamasari Erfina Putri , Santoso Budi , Reskiputri Tatit Diansari
Published: February 2023

Banyak permasalahan yang terjadi dalam pelayanan yaitu pemberian sapaan ketika pelanggan masuk salon masih belum dilakukan. Harga yang dipatok relatif mahal menurut masyarakat sekitar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pelayanan, harga dan trust  terhadap kepuasan pelanggan Wom Barbershop. Jenis penelitian ini kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu seluruh pelanggan pengguna jasa potong rambut Wom Barbershop. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 90 responden. Alat analisis menggunakan regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian t hitung sebesar 1,837 dari variabel pelayanan memiliki nilai signifikan yang lebih besar sebesar 0,070 lebih dari 0,05. Sehingga dapat diartikan bahwa pelayanan tidak berpengaruh terhadap kepuasaan pelanggan. Hasil dari uji t bahwa t hitung sebesar 6,939 dari variabel harga memiliki nilai signifikan sebesar 0,000 kurang dari 0,5, harga berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan. Hasil hitung sebesar 2,271 dari variabel trust  memiliki nilai signifikan sebesar 0,026 kurang dari 0,05 maka trust  berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan. Disimpulkan bahwa pelayanan tidak berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan pelanggan Wom Barbershop. Sedangkan Harga dan Trust berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan pelanggan Wom Barbershop. Implikasi penelitian ini diharapkan pihak manajemen Barberman Wom Barbershop sebaiknya memperhatikan harapan dan penilaian pelanggan agar terciptanya kepuasan pelanggan dalam menggunakan jasa perusahaan.
Dampak Service Excellent Terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan Salon Strawberry
Authors: Alhanani Ghina , Santoso Budi
Published: February 2023

Pelayanan pada dasarnya dapat dikatakan sebagai suatu tindakan dan perlakuan atau cara melayani orang lain untuk memenuhi apa yang menjadi kebutuhan dan keinginannya. Tingkat kepuasan pelanggan atas suatu pelayanan dapat diukur dengan membandingkan antara harapan konsumen terhadap pelayanan prima yang diinginkannya dengan kenyataan yang diterimanya atau dirasakannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak service excellence terhadap kepuasan pelanggan salon strawberry. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi didalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pelanggan salon strawberry. Sampel pelanggan yang digunakan sebanyak 96 responden yang menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Teknik analisis menggunakan regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai f hitung (11,077) lebih dari f tabel (3,10) dan nilai sig 0,00 kurang dari 0,05. Maka, variabel kemampuan, sikap, penampilan, perhatian, tindakan, tanggung jawab secara simultan atau bersama-sama berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan Pelanggan. Simpulan penelitian ini bahwa service excellence berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan Salon Strawberry. Implikasi penelitian ini diharapkan penyedia layanan dapat meningkatan kualitas pelayanan kepada masyarakat.
Youtube Videos For Listening Skills During Covid-19 Pandemic: EFL Students’ Views
Authors: Audina Ira Putri , Artini Luh Putu , Dewi Ni Luh Putu Eka Sulistia , Suwastini Ni Komang Arie
Published: February 2023

Social media acts as a source of information, entertainment media, discussion space, enriching learning resources, increasing creativity, and increasing student understanding, allowing students to create awareness about students' potential to become intellectually active. The most common social media used in EFL classrooms are Facebook, Whatsapp, YouTube, Instagram, and Twitter. Many have argued that YouTube provides authentic learning sources for improving students' English skills. Despite the availability and authenticity of YouTube videos to provide practice in enhancing students' listening skills, especially in an online setting, its application serves some challenges. The present study aimed to explore the students' perception of the application of YouTube in listening classes during online learning. This study was a qualitative study involving 32 university students. Data were collected from a questionnaire consisting of 31 items distributed through Google Form. The analysis resulted in students’ positive perception in the forms of four benefits: improving listening skills, increasing interest and motivation to learn, building critical thinking, and sharpening creativity. The identified shortcomings are the internet connection and the expensive internet credit. The present study confirms the usability of YouTube videos to practice students' listening skills, especially in online learning, where students need flexibility and creativity. However, it implies suggestions for stakeholders to provide stable and affordable internet connections so online learning can be conducted more effectively.
AGENESIS MOLAR TIGA ORANG TUA SEBAGAI FAKTOR RESIKO AGENESIS MOLAR TIGA ANAK
Authors: Ningsih Juwita Raditya , Hasonangan Doly , Dinata Ade Martha
Published: February 2023

Agenesis gigi merupakan kondisi dimana gigi tidak dijumpai di dalam rongga mulut akibat ketiadaan benih gigi. Faktor genetik merupakan salah satu faktor yang dominan sebagai faktor resiko terjadinya agenesis gigi pada dari orang tua pada anak. Melalui penelitian ini untuk pertama kalinya akan dapat dilaporkan adanya hubungan antara status agenesis gigi molar tiga orang tua terhadap status agenesis molar tiga anak dan mengetahui berapa besar resiko kedua orang tua yang keduanya agenesis molar tiga memiliki anak yang agenesis molar tiga.Data status agenesis disajikan dalam bentuk skala ordinal dan dianalisis non parametrik chi square untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya hubungan. Hasil perhitungan Odds Ratio menunjukkan angka 0,94 atau mendekati angka 1 (OR=1). Hal ini dapat diartikan bahwa terdapat risiko yang hampir sama bagi kedua orang tua agenesis gigi molar ketiga maupun salah satu orang tua agenesis gigi molar ketiga untuk memiliki anak dengan agenesis gigi molar ketiga.Hasil analisis Chi-Square diketahui pada data crosstabulation (tabulasi silang) tidak memenuhi syarat untuk dilakukan uji analisis Chi-Square sehingga perlu dilakukan uji analisis alternatif Chi-Square yaitu uji analisis Fisher’s Exact Test. Hasil uji analisis Fisher’s Exact Test nilai significancy menunjukkan angka 1,000 yang berarti tidak terdapat hubungan antara status agenesis gigi molar tiga orang tua dengan status agenesis gigi molar tiga anak pada suku Jawa (P0,05). Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwasanya agenesis gigi molar tiga orang tua hanya berperan sebagai faktor resiko minimal terhadap terjadinya agenesis molar tiga anak.Kata kunci: kelainan jumlah gigi, kelainan tumbuh kembang, variasi normal