bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Decreased expression of miR-195 mediated by hypermethylation promotes osteosarcoma
Authors: Sun Tianhao , Liu Dongning , Wu Jun , Lu William W. , Zhao Xiaoli , Wong Tak Man , Liu Zhi-Li
Published: March 2022

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common type of primary malignant bone tumor. The early lung metastasis of osteosarcoma is one of the main factors of poor prognosis. Therefore, searching for new targets and new mechanisms of osteosarcoma metastasis is essential for the prevention and treatment of osteosarcoma. Our previous studies suggested that fatty acid synthase (FASN) was an oncogene and promoted osteosarcoma. In addition, it is reported that the expression of miR-195 was negatively correlated with osteosarcoma. Aberrant DNA methylation can reversely regulate the expression of miRNAs. However, whether miR-195 could target FASN in osteosarcoma and whether ectopic DNA methylation is the upstream regulatory mechanism of miR-195 in metastasis of osteosarcoma are not fully studied. The expressions were detected by qPCR and western blot, and methylation level was determined by methylation-specific PCR. Luciferase reporter assay, MTT, wound healing, and Transwell assay were used. We found that the expression of miR-195 was low in osteosarcoma. The methylation of miR-195 was high. miR-195 targeted and decreased the expression of FASN. In osteosarcoma, miR-195 inhibited cell proliferation, cell migration, and invasion. The methylation of miR-195 was related to decreased miR-195, it might promote osteosarcoma.
Thermally induced hex-graphene transitions in 2D carbon crystals
Authors: Fu Ran , Xu Yihua , Liu Yisi , Lin Yanwen , Xu Ke , Chang Yuanhao , Fu Yuequn , Zhang Zhisen , Wu Jianyang
Published: March 2022

Resourceful beyond-graphene two-dimensional (2D) carbon crystals have been proposed/synthesized; however, the fundamental knowledge of their melting thermodynamics remains lacking. Here, the structural and thermodynamic properties of nine contemporary 2D carbon crystals upon heating are investigated using first-principle-based ReaxFF molecular dynamics simulations. Those 2D carbon crystals show distinct evolution of energetic and Lindemann index that distinguish their thermal stabilities. There are two or three critical temperatures at which structural transformation occurs for non-hexagon-contained 2D carbon allotropes. Analysis of polygons reveals that non-hexagon-contained 2D carbon crystals show thermally induced hex-graphene transitions via mechanisms such as bond rotations, dissociation, and reformation of bonds. The study provides new insights into the thermodynamics and pyrolysis chemistry of 2D carbon materials, as well as structural transitions, which is of great importance in the synthesis and application of 2D materials in high-temperature processing and environment.
Ökonomische Bildung in der Schule als Politikum – zur Geschichte und Situation einer umstrittenen Selbstverständlichkeit
Authors: Retzmann Thomas , Seeber Günther
Published: March 2022

Ökonomische Bildung in der Schule ist ein lohnendes Feld für wirtschaftsdidaktische Analysen, wie sie seit fünf Jahrzehnten unternommen werden. Curriculare Konstrukte und Zielsetzungen können die oftmals prekäre Situation in den allgemeinbildenden Schulen nach Ansicht von Thomas Retzmann und Günther Seeber aber nur dann entscheidend verbessern, wenn die Landespolitik die notwendige Bildungsinfrastruktur einschließlich der Lehrkräftebildung schafft, wie sie für etablierte Fächer selbstverständlich ist. Anläufe dazu gebe es immer wieder. Jedoch gelinge es Akteuren, deren Interessen am Status quo hängen, die ökonomische Bildung in der Öffentlichkeit zu diskreditieren, sie als umstrittenes Politikum zu perpetuieren und Gegenkräfte erfolgreich zu mobilisieren. Um diesen Prozess zu beleuchten, rekonstruieren die Autoren, beide ehemalige Vorsitzende der Deutschen Gesellschaft für ökonomische Bildung (DeGöB), Meilensteine der jüngeren Geschichte der ökonomischen Bildung in der Schule. Sie skizzieren die derzeitige Situation und nehmen dafür zwei Bundesländer als Beispiel. Dabei erörtern sie sowohl die Argumente von Befürwortern als auch die Einwände von Gegnern.
Score-driven location plus scale models: asymptotic theory and an application to forecasting Dow Jones volatility
Authors: Blazsek Szabolcs , Escribano Alvaro , Licht Adrian
Published: March 2022

We present the Beta-t-QVAR (quasi-vector autoregression) model for the joint modelling of score-driven location plus scale of strictly stationary and ergodic variables. Beta-t-QVAR is an extension of Beta-t-EGARCH (exponential generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity) and Beta-t-EGARCH-M (Beta-t-EGARCH-in-mean). We prove the asymptotic properties of the maximum likelihood (ML) estimator for correctly specified Beta-t-QVAR models. We use Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) data for the period of 1985–2020. We find that the volatility forecasting accuracy of Beta-t-QVAR is superior to the volatility forecasting accuracies of Beta-t-EGARCH, Beta-t-EGARCH-M, A-PARCH (asymmetric power ARCH), and GARCH for the period of 2010–2020.
Der Judaskuss der Malerei: Caravaggios Dubliner Gefangennahme Christi in neuer Deutung
Authors: Müller Jürgen
Published: March 2022

How do you conceal politically critical thinking in papal Rome around 1600? Caravaggio’s Taking of Christ isn’t quite what it seems once its subversive meaning is deciphered. The painter places himself among the traitors by holding the lantern, or rather the brush. This self-portrait, I will argue, shows his critical position toward the potential of painting itself. My essay thus proposes a new reading: In the light of a new pictorial source as well as new textual material, Caravaggio appears as an artist highly sceptical of the Catholic cult of images, indeed as a painter who delivers something of a self-referential accusation of painting.
CRIMES AMBIENTAIS: LEGISLAÇÃO, PUNIÇÃO E EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL
Authors: Sousa Vidal Renan , Hoch Vieira Fernandes Carolina , Do Nascimento Jamilson , Stempczynski Ana Paula
Published: March 2022

O trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a legislação ambiental relativa aos crimes ambientais no contexto nacional, buscando uma melhor compreensão sobre o conceito meio ambiente, educação ambiental assim como outros assuntos relacionados à gestão ambiental e crimes ambientais. Procurando sempre enfatizar a execução de políticas públicas e a prevenção da prática desses atos ilícitos, que, na maioria das vezes são praticados de forma silenciosa.
Age-Related Enhancements in Positive Emotionality across The Life Span: Structural Equation Modeling of Brain and Behavior
Authors: Stretton Jason , Schweizer Susanne , Dalgleish Tim
Published: March 2022

Aging is associated with a bias in attention and memories toward positive and away from negative emotional content. In addition, emotion regulation appears to improve with age, despite concomitant widespread cognitive decline coupled with gray matter volume loss in cortical and subcortical regions thought to subserve emotion regulation. Here, we address this emotion-aging paradox using the behavioral data of an emotion regulation task from a population-derived, male and female, human sample (CamCAN) and use structural equation modeling together with multivariate analysis of structural MRI images of the same sample to investigate brain–behavior relationships. In a series of measurement models, we show the relationship between age and emotionality is best explained by a four-factor model, compared with single and hierarchical factor models. These four latent factors are interpreted as Basal Negative Affect, Positive Reactivity, Negative Reactivity and Positive Regulation (upregulating positive emotion to negative content). Increasing age uniquely contributes to increased Basal Negative Affect, Positive Reactivity, and Positive Regulation, but not Negative Reactivity. Furthermore, we show gray matter volumes, namely in the bilateral frontal operculum, medial frontal gyrus, bilateral hippocampal complex, bilateral middle temporal gyri, and bilateral angular gyrus, are distinctly related to these four latent factors. Finally, we show that a subset of these brain–behavior relationships remain significant when accounting for age and demographic data. Our results support the notion of an age-related increase in positivity and are interpreted in the context of the socioemotional selectivity theory of improved emotion regulation in older age.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAging is associated with a paradoxical increase in well-being and improved emotion regulation despite widespread cognitive decline and gray matter volume loss in neural regions that underlie emotion regulation. Using a population-derived sample, we test the theories behind this emotion/aging paradox with an emotion regulation task and structural MRI data. We report robust age-related increases in positivity across the life span and show structural neural integrity influences this relationship with increasing age. Several brain–behavior relationships remained unaffected by age and may represent empirically derived neural markers to explore the paradox of increased well-being in old age. The results support the predictions of socioemotional selectivity theory of improved emotion regulation in older age and challenge the amygdala-focused neural predictions of the aging brain model.
Processes and Features of Subsidence Dolines (Sinkholes)
Authors: Veress Márton
Published: March 2022

This study deals with the processes of subsidence dolines. These processes contribute to the understanding of the characteristics of karst areas and the relation between dolines and their environment. For this, several hundred dolines of various karst areas were studied. Investigations included measurements of doline size and processes (for example mass movements), the mapping of their morphology and processes, observation and tracking of some processes (for instance water inflow). Laboratory experiments were carried out, and we had VES measurements performed to obtain data on their sediments. The processes of dolines with various development phase were distinguished. The processes of developed dolines were classified according the site of their effect which may be present in the environment, on the side slope, on the floor, on the cover below the floor and in the bedrock. The processes were also put into groups based on their direction. It was established that the degree of supplier and transporting away processes and their value compared to each other controls doline size, while the denudation of the doline slope and the accumulation on its floor influences doline shape.
Filosofía en una sociedad tribal amazónica
Authors: Helberg Chávez Heinrich
Published: March 2022

«Filosofía en una sociedad tribal amazónica» presenta las formas cómo el antropólogo Gerardo Reichel-Dolmatoff evidencia un pensamiento filosófico, tanto a nivel de inquietudes filosóficas compartidas por la gente común, como de una reflexión más elaborada de los curanderos entre los desana de la Amazonía colombiana. Este testimonio sobre una sociedad tribal muestra claramente que son los curanderos con su filosofía formulada en conceptos abstractos los que establecen la cosmovisión y la religión como instrumentos de gestión social y auto gobierno y no al revés como suele suponerse que la religión antecede a la filosofía. Se trata, sin embargo, de un conocimiento reservado, que refleja los intereses y el poder de los curanderos y nos da una visión completamente diferente de su cultura, no accesible a la mayoría de sus miembros. Y esto nos ofrece la oportunidad de establecer las relaciones de la filosofía con el poder político en distintos tipos de sociedades. Lo que empieza como una pregunta sobre si los pueblos amazónicos tienen una filosofía propia termina discutiendo la misma naturaleza de la reflexión filosófica.
¿Cómo se debe decir: quipanista, quipanense o quipaneño?
Authors: Badillo Bramón Javier
Published: March 2022

Este estudio trata sobre el caso de la denominación del gentilicio que le corresponde a los originarios de la Villa de Quipán del distrito de Huamantanga de la Prov. de Canta, Lima. Explora las posibles causas de la variación en el empleo de los gentilicios asignados a la población de este sector, centrándose en los aspectos lingüísticos y socioculturales.
El uso de las macrorreglas en la comprensión lectora de textos expositivos
Authors: Julcamayan Chagua Cintya Estefani , García Guadalupe Jeancarlo Joel
Published: March 2022

Esta investigación abordó el problema ¿cómo repercute el uso de las macrorreglas en la comprensión de textos expositivos? La población estuvo conformada por 190 estudiantes del segundo grado de secundaria de la Institución Educativa 1190 de Chosica. Se diseñaron y aplicaron un cuestionario y una prueba, empleando un diseño correlacional-causal a 180, mediante un censo que excluyó a los estudiantes que tenían asistencia irregular. Los resultados evidencian que el uso de las macrorreglas repercute en los niveles de comprensión literal, inferencial y crítico de textos expositivos. Por lo tanto, se concluye que el uso de las macrorreglas repercute en la comprensión de textos expositivos (p < 0.01; r = 0.317 que se considera una correlación débil y 10,1 % de influencia).
La argumentación lingüística, una guía para el estudio del alargamiento vocálico en aimara
Authors: Huayhua Pari Felipe
Published: March 2022

En el presente trabajo presentamos el alargamiento vocálico dentro del marco de estado metodológico de la argumentación gramatical según Botha (1970).

De una veintena de isoglosas que separa el aimara del norte (Umasuyu) del aimara del sur (Orcosuyo), el alargamiento es una de las isoglosas más representativas. Por su naturaleza el alargamiento no es un fonema sino el producto de cinco factores a tomar en cuenta: 1) elisión de consonantes continuas entre vocales iguales y diferentes, 2) alargamiento en grupo de consonantes internas, 3) alargamiento en sufijos con dichas consonantes, 4) alargamiento en palabras compuestas y 5) el reanálisis como falso alargamiento.
Interferencias morfosintácticas del quechua al castellano: un estudio en el distrito de Jangas, Áncash
Authors: Valverde Chávez Cecilia de las Nieves
Published: March 2022

El castellano hablado en Jangas es una variedad dialectal resultado del contacto lingüístico entre el castellano estándar del Perú y el quechua hablado en Jangas, distrito de la provincia de Huaraz en el departamento de Áncash. Este contacto de lenguas genera diversos tipos de interferencias lingüísticas, como es el caso de la interferencia fónica, morfológica, sintáctica y léxica. El propósito de este artículo es analizar las interferencias morfosintácticas de la lengua origen (quechua) a la lengua meta (español) en hablantes procedentes de Jangas. Los datos obtenidos en el desarrollo de esta investigación muestran como resultado fenómenos como omisión lingüística, discordancia gramatical, inserción lingüística, pronombres anómalos, dequeísmo, etc. Finalmente, se concluye que el fenómeno con mayor marcadez es el de discordancia gramatical, ello puede ser producto de que este fenómeno es el más común en situaciones de contacto de lenguas.
«El Mapuzungun es naturaleza»: Estrategias didácticas para lenguas originarias desde las ciencias y el arte
Authors: Avendaño Caneo Andrea
Published: March 2022

La escuela primaria puede ser el lugar donde muchos niños descubren el mundo, lamentablemente en ella se sugiere, por parte de los currículos escolares, que existe una manera muy concreta de descubrirlo, callando así, los saberes que los niños ya traen desde sus casas. Muchas escuelas que albergan comunidades indígenas, han contribuido, de manera consciente o no, al matadero cultural de las comunidades. Para este trabajo, intento mostrar cómo desde las artes y las ciencias naturales se apuesta por actividades contra hegemónicas que investigan el entorno y reivindican el espacio de una lengua originaria. Me centraré en experiencias realizadas en el sur de Chile junto a comunidades mapuche donde se evidencia que el cruce entre arte, ciencia y pueblos originarios permite un mejor desempeño por parte de la comunidad educativa. Finalmente presentaré el allkutün (la escucha), como una «disposición» y saber fundamental en la cultura Mapuche.
Aproximaciones al estudio de la diátesis en el quechua: el caso del sufijo verbal -ku
Authors: Meneses Tutaya Norma
Published: March 2022

En el presente artículo propongo la existencia de un subsistema de diátesis gramatical de índole derivativa en el quechua de Ayacucho. Los morfemas derivativos comprendidos dentro de este subsistema son el reflexivo -ku, el benefactivo -pu, el asistivo -ysi, el causativo -chi y algunas combinaciones de sufijos como -ykUpU, -naku y -naya, entre otros. El objetivo de este estudio es tratar de probar que este subsistema diatésico funciona de manera aproximada a una concordancia funcional que involucra a los actantes expresados con sufijos derivativos diatésicos y aquellos con sufijos flexivos de persona. Con el fin de mostrar esta interacción diatésica derivativo-flexiva, se analiza el funcionamiento del sufijo -ku.
El préstamo léxico y su adaptación en el castellano de la sierra norte del Perú: Un fenómeno lingüístico y cultural
Authors: Cuba Manrique María del Carmen
Published: March 2022

El tema trata sobre los préstamos del culle y el quechua al castellano no sólo como un fenómeno de orden lingüístico sino también como un elemento de penetración cultural que se manifiesta como señal de identidad de una comunidad idiomática en la sierra norte del Perú, donde sucesivamente y en orden cronológico han desarrollado sus culturas y lenguas las sociedades culle, inca e hispana. Se desarrollan los puntos: contacto lingüístico, préstamo léxico, adaptación lingüística de préstamos léxicos del culle y quechua al castellano, y préstamo léxico como fenómeno cultural.
El impacto de las redes sociales en la promoción de lectura y venta de libros en Latinoamérica entre 2010-2020
Authors: Giuria Farias Camila
Published: March 2022

Las subcomunidades de booktube y bookstagram en redes sociales han tenido un gran impacto en los hábitos de lectura y negocios relacionados a los libros en Latinoamérica en la última década. El presente trabajo estudia la influencia de las redes sociales YouTube e Instagram en la promoción de lectura y venta de libros, al igual que las causas y consecuencias de este fenómeno. Las facilidades de comunicación de cada red social debido a las capacidades multimedia de sus plataformas determinan el éxito de cada una en diferentes aspectos, ya que Instagram resulta ideal para marketing de ventas online, y YouTube cumple con propósitos persuasivos que consiguen promover hábitos de lectura. Este artículo concluye que, de las dos plataformas presentadas, YouTube y la comunidad de booktube han tenido una gran influencia en la promoción de la lectura debido a la facilidad con la que se puede crear un lazo de conexión; e Instagram tuvo mayor éxito en las ventas online y ferias del libro, por la facilidad para enviar un mensaje conciso.
Los nombres en disputa: Análisis de las estrategias de nominación utilizadas por políticos en medios de comunicación peruanos durante la cobertura de dos casos de corrupción
Authors: Arrunátegui Carolina , Palomino María Mercedes
Published: March 2022

Este artículo analiza las estrategias de nominación utilizadas por políticos en medios de comunicación peruanos durante la cobertura de dos casos de corrupción en los que estuvo en juego la reputación de dos presidentes de la República. Sobre la base del trabajo de Theodoor van Leeuwen (1996), llamamos estrategias de nominación a las diversas formas en que los políticos nombraron a las personas y a los hechos con la finalidad de controlar significados y construir versiones de acuerdo con sus intereses. Como herramienta de análisis, hemos utilizado el modelo de Representación de Actores Sociales de Van Leeuwen (1996), desde la perspectiva del Análisis Crítico del Discurso, el cual entiende el lenguaje como una práctica social e históricamente situada (Fairclough, 1992 y 2003). Los resultados del análisis muestran que los nombres pueden ser pode- rosas armas políticas; en este sentido, se debe entender que las prácticas de nominación no son un mero ejercicio de rotulación lingüística, sino prácticas sociales que construyen la realidad, pues nombrar es también crear aquello que se nombra.
Verbos de desplazamiento en el ashéninka del alto Perené
Authors: Torres Castillo Fernando Aarón , Ugarte de la Fuente Ana Priscila , Villareyes Gómez Christofer Diego
Published: March 2022

Para este estudio, se optó por la teoría cognitiva, con el fin de explicar el comportamiento de ciertos verbos de desplazamiento en la lengua ashéninka de la variedad lingüística del alto Perené. Los resultados muestran que el comportamiento de estos verbos es característico de la lengua y son óptimamente estructurados a partir de la teoría cognitiva.
Avances en la descripción morfosintáctica de la transitividad en el asháninka del alto Perené
Authors: Alonzo Sutta Alicia
Published: March 2022

La visión tradicional acerca de la transitividad se basa en que la lengua presenta verbos transitivos e intransitivos. Sobre esta base, en las cláusulas transitivas se produce una acción de transferencia de un sujeto a un objeto. De acuerdo con esta afirmación, el verbo transitivo es el que denota sucesos acerca del objeto, sea una acción sobre él o un cambio de estado de este. Sin embargo, los estudios posteriores a dicha perspectiva, realizados por Hopper y Thompson (1980) discrepan de lo anterior y proponen que la transitividad no responde a una simple transferencia del sujeto hacia el objeto. Para los autores, la transitividad es una propiedad de las lenguas que se caracteriza por el cumplimiento de determinados parámetros, que indican el mayor o menor grado de transitividad de las cláusulas dentro de un contexto discursivo. El presente estudio tiene como fin describir las características morfosintácticas que muestran un mayor grado de transitividad en las cláusulas del asháninka del alto Perené.
Los problemas de reexpresión en la traducción hacia la lengua materna
Authors: Terry Sáenz Regina
Published: March 2022

La reexpresión es la etapa en la que se reescribe el texto original en la lengua de llegada.  Se trata de una operación textual y un proceso cognitivo que  exige del traductor una gran capacidad generativa en su lengua materna. Cualquier desfase operacional entre competencia y  actuación o un desarrollo fragmentado de los saberes lingüísticos (elocutivo, idiomático y expresivo) ocasionan problemas durante la reexpresión. El propósito de este estudio es identificar, caracterizar y explicar las causas de los problemas de reexpresión en la traducción que se originan en la lengua materna del alumno de traducción.
THE EKPHRASTIC CODE OF “THE PYRAMID”, A NOVEL BY LEONID LEONOV
Authors: Dyrdin Alexander , Zhukova Julia
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this article is to study the transformation of plots and motifs of visual art in “The Pyramid” (1994), the last novel by L. Leonov. The authors take a closer look at various types of ekphrasis: mimetic, unattributed and zero type. The theoretical framework for the analysis of the novel’s narrative space in ekphrastic terms includes the works of L.G. Geller, N.V. Braginskaya, J. Heffernan and other Russian and foreign philologists. Based on the idea of the dialogical nature of the concept of “ekphrasis,” the authors of the article consider the ekphrasis of the “The Pyramid” in a broad sense, as a means of concentrating the artistic, visual and philosophical context, inherent in the very nature of interaction between different types of art. The hermeneutic method is used achieve the set objectives, allowing to reconstruct the meanings of the ekphrastic fragments of the novel in the context of the phenomena of the global and Russian culture. Along with the alternation of dialogues and monologues of the implicit author and characters, direct and modified pictorial allusions are Leonov’s leading methods of text generation. Inheriting the traditions of Russian classical literature that tends to inexpressible, the writer integrates images of spatial arts, architecture, and painting into the text of the literary work. The narrative principles of “The Pyramid” are largely determined by the correlation of the author’s reflexive thought with precedent phenomena, the symbolic content of paintings by P. Brueghel, I. Repin, V. Perov, A. Durer’s engravings, temple frescoes, Russian icon painting. This allusive series is contingent on Leonov’s aesthetic preferences. It is on this basis that the ekphrastic code of the work is formed. It expresses the semantic and poetic harmony of the visual and verbal principles of the author’s thinking.
ARCHETYPAL PLOT IN THE “THE FARAWAY AND NEARBY TALE,” A SHORT STORY BY V. P. ASTAFYEV
Authors: Ibatullina Guzel
Published: March 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the archetypal plot basis of V. P. Astafyev's short story “The Faraway and Nearby Tale.” The reconstruction of the figurative and semantic paradigms of a fairy tale in the work allows to see that the reference to folklore contexts is not merely declared here as a metaphor for the spiritual and psychological states experienced by the character, but determines the logic of his development and the events that occur to him. The initiation archetype with its key plot-forming elements is interpreted in the mythologized paradigm of the short story as the boy's journey to the “world of the dead,” which resulted in his acquisition of a radically new worldview. Instead of a perception based on duality, antitheses and the fears they generated, the character gets a sense of a deep ambivalent “unity of opposites” of different existential spheres and worlds: the real and the otherworldly, the living and the dead, the homeland and the foreign land. The motif complexes associated with this journey are reflected at different levels of the narrative’s artistic organization principles: in the system of chronotopes that perform a world-modeling function, at the level of the figurative and symbolic subtext, and in the contexts of its spiritual and moral problems. At the same time, the visual logic of Astafyev's “fairy tale” reveals modifications and inversions of universal mythopoetic schemes, including those in the structure of the initiation plot itself, which, unlike a folk tale, acquires a prolonged and duplicated character. In this context, archetypal models enter into dialogical relations with their own event-actualized plot of the story, and exist in the system of the author's consciousness in figurative and semantic mutual projections with the cultural space as a whole.
Determination of the efficiency of the AM2 dehairing technology process with Llama fiber of different types of fleeces and Alpaca Huacaya fiber
Authors: Frank Eduardo Narciso , Hick Michel VH , Castillo María Flavia , Frondizi Diego Seghetti , Brodtmann Lilian Irene
Published: March 2022

The dehairing process is a fiber cleaning process and consists of separating objectionable coarse fibers and plant and mineral contaminants from the fine fibers as efficiently as possible. This efficiency is determined by the fiber type removal/retention rate (RR) and the fiber length shortening rate (FL). Up the present, in fiber from Llamas and Alpacas, the dehairing yield (R%) has been used as a commercial evaluation of the efficiency of the process. Efficiency is of greater commercial importance because it reflects the amount of desirable fiber that is actually obtained after the cleaning process has been performed. It also allows comparing technologies, number of passages and process costs. The objective of this work is to determine the efficiency of Llama and Huacaya Alpaca fiber dehairing carried out by AM2 technology based on the retention/removal (RR) and shortening (FL), taking into consideration different types of fibers (GF), types of fleece (TV), using methodology used in other fibersusing methodology and variables from studies with other fibers. The dehairing efficiency of the AM2 technology is similar in Llama and Alpaca fiber and slightly better than a similar technology used in cashmere fiber in Australia. In general efficiency fluctuates between 74-94%, in terms of desirable fine fiber recovery, for the textile process of these fibers. The variable defined as the fiber type removal/retention rate, is usable to correctly evaluate the fiber dehairing process of Llamas and Alpacas.
Ethnic and Regional Differences in the Management of Angina: The Way Forward
Authors: Barton Jack C , Kaski Juan Carlos
Published: March 2022

For decades, there has been great interest in ethnic differences in the management of angina and stable cardiovascular disease. Clinical decision-making is known to be both consciously and unconsciously influenced by a patient’s demographics, and this is due to in part to differences in clinical guidance and opinion. However, the evidence supporting such decision-making is sparse. Nonetheless, there is overwhelming evidence that international, national, regional, institutional, departmental and individual bias disproportionately affect subgroups of the population, resulting in adverse patient outcomes. While without doubt there will be rapid advancements in individualised therapies over the coming years and decades, the most beneficial immediate action clinicians can take is to reduce disparities in both the evidence base and care provision. Doing so will require great collaborative effort.
Worked to the Bone. A Study of Gilded-Age Transatlantic Scientific Networks in Paleontology
Authors: Wendler Philipp
Published: March 2022

In the American “Wild West” the nation’s predominant paleontologists O. C. Marsh and E. D. Cope raced for the discovery of the most spectacular dinosaur fossils the world had ever seen. The “Bone Wars” not only unearthed triceratops, stegosaurus, and brontosaurus, they also made US paleontology world-famous. This book analyzes international scientific networks, carves out German influences on the evolution of US paleontology and higher education, and examines the link between the rise of US nationalism and science. So-far neglected by scholars, the perspectives of O. C. Marsh’s German assistants take center stage.
Contemporary Latvian Design in Symbiosis with Local Handicraft Tradition
Authors: Sirica Inese
Published: March 2022

The contemporary musealization of Latvian design objects or the inclusion of high-quality examples in the Latvian National Museum Holdings began in 2005. Established three years later in 2008, the Latvian Design of the Year Award has since then attracted attention to this field, prompting further theoretical discourse. The publicly available narrative on 21st century Latvian design often points out the strong influence of local crafts and ethnic cultural heritage. An important impetus in contemporary, ethnically conscious design is the culture of the Song and Dance Celebration, within which the outfits of festival participants are created. This article identifies the application of traditional Latvian crafts in the works of Latvian artists and designers, visualizing the ideas and forms of ethnic identity. The analysis focuses on the general context of Latvian design: institutions supported by the Ministry of Culture, the Latvian Design of the Year Award and FOLD, the digital magazine of creative industries. Sources used include opinion articles and the public messages of companies. To facilitate theoretical understanding of the topic, it was important to take into account the theory of national identity and the museum narrative as well as the history of European design, especially at the turn of the 20th/21st centuries. It should be noted that the history of applied art and design in Latvia during the 20th century is still in the research stage. A historical insight into the construction of the Latvian traditional craft narrative, which began at the end of the 19th century, is also provided so as to promote greater comprehension of Latvian design. Essentially, it is a narrative of national identity, deliberately constructed through the craft practices, raw materials and compositional techniques characteristic of peasant culture.
The security of energy supply in the 21st century
Authors: Horváth Ákos , Gadó János
Published: March 2022

Summary. The European goal to achieve climate neutrality by 2050 has
serious implications for our energy system. All studied scenarios in the frame
of this roadmap include a contribution of the nuclear energy in various ranges
(up to 21%) depending on several hypotheses. In order to attract leading edge
technology development into the Central European region and to share the common
responsibility of EU member states in achieving sustainable energy production
and contributing to the fight against climate change, the idea emerged that the
Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia could host a major European nuclear
facility as part of R&D efforts aiming at the development of the next
generation of nuclear reactors. The paper introduces the ALLEGRO project and the
international collaboration organized for developing the scientific and legal
background for the licensing of a fourth generation nuclear reactor
demonstrator.

Összefoglalás. A 2050-re kitűzött klímacélok elérése érdekében az
európai országok csökkenteni fogják a fosszilis tüzelőanyagok felhasználását, és
a megújuló energiaforrások növekvő felhasználása mellett a
nukleárisenergia-termelésre is támaszkodni fognak. A jövő
nukleárisenergia-termelésének meg kell oldania hosszú távon a friss üzemanyag
utánpótlását, és a kiégett üzemanyag elhelyezését, illetve újrafelhasználását.
Az évszázad második felében várható azoknak a negyedik generációs gyorsreaktor
típusoknak a megjelenése, amelyek képesek az üzemanyag takarékos felhasználását
évszázadokig biztosítani. A visegrádi országok nukleáris kutatóintézetei között
indult tudományos együttműködés a 2010-es években azt a célt tűzte ki, hogy egy
negyedik generációs gázhűtésű gyorsreaktor demonstrátor berendezést (ALLEGRO)
építsenek a régióban. A reaktor megvalósításához szükséges tevékenységek
összehangolása érdekében 2013-ban megalapították a V4G4 Kiválósági Központot. Az
ALLEGRO demonstrátor fejlesztése során megoldott technikai kérdéseken túl
megoldandó kérdés maradt a megfelelő szervezeti struktúra kialakítása, amely
kielégíti a jogi követelményeket, ugyanakkor biztosítja az európai nukleáris
ipari vállalatok versenyképességét.
Analysis of mathematical modeling of a biomechanical model of halo-graviеn traction in spinal deformities in children
Authors:   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Rogozinskyi V.O. ,   National Children’s Specialized Hospital «OHMATDYT», Kyiv, Ukraine, Levytskyi A.F. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Dolianytskyi M.M. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine,   National Children’s Specialized Hospital «OHMATDYT», Kyiv, Ukraine, Yaresko O.V. ,   Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv
Published: March 2022

Halo-gravity traction (HGT) systems are widely used in leading clinics around the world as a staged method for correcting complex (>100°) scoliotic deformities of the spine in children. Today there is no single approach to the use of this technique, and each doctor makes a decision regarding the treatment regimen empirically, based on his clinical experience. Purpose – to investigate with the help of finite element method the stress-strain state of the spine of various degrees of deformation using HGT. Materials and methods. When constructing the computational model, geometric models of various parts of the spine, developed in the laboratory of biomechanics of the State Institution «IPPS named after I.P. Sitenko of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine». The following changes were made to the model, in accordance with the purpose of the study: spinal deformity 70° and 100°; added skull model; added model of HGT and its fixation to the skull. Results. When using the HGT system with fixation, the most loaded part of the spine is the T2-T5 vertebrae. It should be noted that with an increase in the degree of deformity, the T4 and T5 vertebrae become loaded. The HGT system with fixation and load equal to half the body weight does not lead to critical values of bone tissue stress in terms of strength. Results. In the treatment of rigid spinal deformities in children with a deformity angle (>100°) using a HGT system, the first stage mathematically proved the effectiveness of this technique, but the maximum recommended load should not exceed 50% of the patient’s body weight. Modeling the correction of spinal deformities using mathematical models makes it possible to analyze the effect of various treatment methods in several versions without surgery. The maximum von Mises stress value of 40.1 MPa is not critical for bone tissue in terms of strength (ultimate strength for cortical bone is 70 MPa). However, when the load is doubled, i.e. with HGT to a load equal to the body weight, the level of stress will also double and exceed the ultimate strength of the bone tissue. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local ethics committee of all participating institutions. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: final element method, spinal deformity, halo-gravity traction.
Comparative characteristics of pilonidal sinus surgical treatment methods in children
Authors:   Bukovynian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Bodnar O. B. , Randiuk R. Yu. ,   Bukovynian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Bodnar B. M. ,   Bukovynian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Vatamanesku L. I. ,   Bukovynian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Sokolnyk S. O. ,   Bucovinian state medical university, Chernivtsy, Ukraine, Khoma M. V. ,   Municipal Medical Establishment «Children’s clinical city hospital», Chernivtsi, Ukraine
Published: March 2022

Pilonidal sinus (PS) is a common pathology of the coccygeal area, which occurs with a frequency of 26 per 100000 people. Operative methods of treatment of PS are accompanied by a high frequency of complications and recurrences. Finding ways to treat PS in children, which will help to reduce frequency of complications and the duration of postoperative wound healing remains relevant. Purpose – to make a comparative analysis of the pilonidal sinus treatment methods in children: skin-fascial plastics, suturing to the bottom of the wound and suturing the wound tightly. Materials and methods. An analysis of 90 cases of PS in children operated at the City Children’s Clinical Hospital was provided. Methods of skin and fascial plastics in our own modification, sinus removal with sewing to the fascia and primer closure were compared. The duration of surgery, time of postoperative wounds healing, intensity of pain in the postoperative period, duration of hospitalization and the frequency of complications were analyzed. Results. The rate of pain intensity was on 60% lower on the first day and on 70% on the second and third days in cases of using skin-fascial plastics in comparison with the methods of sewing to the fascia and primer closure. Healing time was the shortest in cases of using skin-fascial plastics. The frequency of postoperative complications was by three times lower in operations with the method of skin-fascial plastics in comparison to other methods. Conclusions. Skin-fascial plastics method reduces the intensity of pain more than 60% in comparison to other methods and reduces wound healing time more than 26% and 65% in comparison of the groups of sewing to the fascia and primer closure, respectively. The technique of removing of PS with skinfascial plastics in children usage reduces the number of complications by three times. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local ethics committee of all participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: pilonidal cyst, skin-fascial plastics, children.
Rare clinical case: granular cell tumor of the esophagus (Aprikosov tumor) in a teenager
Authors:   Republican scientific and practical center of pediatric surgery, Minsk, Republic of Belarus, Marakhouski Kirill , Zapalianski Andrei ,   Republican scientific and practical center of pediatric surgery, Minsk, Republic of Belarus, Ovseichik Denis ,   Republican scientific and practical center of pediatric surgery, Minsk, Republic of Belarus, Nikalayeva Katsiaryna ,   Republican scientific and practical center of pediatric surgery, Minsk, Republic of Belarus, Pataleta Aleh ,   Republican scientific and practical center of pediatric surgery, Minsk, Republic of Belarus, Nestsiaruk Liubou ,   Republican scientific and practical center of pediatric surgery, Minsk, Republic of Belarus, Kudlasevich Hanna ,   City Clinical Pathoanatomical Bureau, Minsk, Republic of Belarus
Published: March 2022

Granular cell tumors were first described by Weber in 1854. But its muscular origin was suggested, studied in detail and differentiated by the pathologist A.I. Abrikosov in 1926. With the development of immunohistochemical analysis, a version of Abrikosov's tumor pathogenesis appeared, suggesting its origin from Schwann cells. The data obtained confirmed the presence of protein S-100, neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and CD68 in tumor cells. At present, when carrying out histochemical analysis, the expression of proteins S-100 and CD68 in tumor cells is a diagnostic criterion for Abrikosov's tumor. In treatment of granular cell tumors of the esophagus, preference is given to minimally invasive endoscopic techniques, since conservative therapy has proved to be ineffective. Considering that in most cases the tumor is benign in nature, recently many authors have recommended endoscopic resection of the mucous membrane and dissection in the submucosa. This article presents the experience of treating a child with a rare Abrikosov's tumor in the lower third of the esophagus using endoscopic technique. The clinical case described proved to be a difficult diagnostic task, since Abrikosov's tumor in the esophagus in a teenager is an extremely rare pathology with a rare localization. To remove the tumor, a non-standard endoscopic technique was chosen, which made it possible to remove the formation in a single block, that is, radically, since preoperative morphological verification was impossible. Much attention is focused on the importance of endoscopic examination in diagnostic screening and the choice of treatment tactics. This work demonstrates high efficiency and safety of endoscopic tumor removal in this localization. The use of this surgical treatment technique made it possible to radically remove the tumor and ensure a smooth course of the postoperative period. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki declaration. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: granular cell tumor, Abrikosov's tumor, tumor of the esophagus, esophagus, children, endoscopic treatment.
Relations between the Brazilian state and the incarceration of Indigenous peoples: a look at the situation in Mato Grosso do Sul in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Urquiza Antonio Hilario Aguilera , Penteado Junior Ariovaldo Toledo , Galícia Caíque Ribeiro
Published: March 2022

Abstract This article reflects on relations between the criminal justice system and Indigenous peoples through a perspective that combines anthropology and criminology as complimentary theoretical lenses through which contemporary Indigenous incarcerations can be understood. It charts relations between the historical constitution of the Brazilian criminal justice system and the ideas of ‘necropolitics’ as a defining thread of policies that impact the conditions in which Indigenous peoples are incarcerated. The article considers some of the effects of the COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic on the prison system of the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, where it is possible to evaluate the effects of measures undertaken by the National Justice Council to alter the levels of provisional imprisonment, even if the overall average of imprisoned Indigenous peoples continues to rise. To this end, survey and data processing were carried out using a deductive methodology, coupled with a sketch of historical considerations.
EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL E CURRÍCULOS NÔMADES: CONEXÕES COM A FILOSOFIA PÓS-ESTRUTURALISTA
Authors: Pessoa Helen Moura
Published: March 2022

RESUMO: Este trabalho busca articular algumas possibilidades curriculares para a educação ambiental, compreendendo os nomadismos que podem ocorrer nos espaçostempos escolares e comunitários. Na cartografia, produzida durante o doutorado em Educação, encontra composições que podem promover aberturas nos bons encontros com os movimentos que atravessam a escola, a universidade e a comunidade, com as culturas locais e “conhecimentos outros”. Aposta nos agenciamentos eco-comunitários para subverter o “monoculturalismo”, por meio de conexões que transversalizam o multiculturalismo e suas articulações com a educação ambiental. Ao final, suscita a pensar em um currículo nômade como espaço de liberdade, sem barreiras e fronts, para potencializar o atravessamento de uma educação ambiental decolonial.
Flora of Espírito Santo: Mimosa (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae: mimosoid clade)
Authors: Silva Lucas de Almeida , Alves-Araújo Anderson , Dutra Valquíria Ferreira
Published: March 2022

Abstract This paper is a taxonomic treatment of the species of Mimosa (Leguminosae) in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. The analyses were from herbarium specimens and field expeditions between April 2014 and July 2015. The genus is represented by 22 species, including seven new species records for the Flora of Espírito Santo list. We provide an identification key, morphological descriptions, distribution maps, illustrations and comments on the taxonomy and geographic distribution.
Flora of Espírito Santo: Lentibulariaceae
Authors: Guedes Felipe Martins , Miranda Vitor Fernandes Oliveira , Alves Marccus
Published: March 2022

Abstract The present study comprises the taxonomic treatment of the Lentibulariaceae species in Espírito Santo state, as a continuation of a series of studies focused on the Flora of Espírito Santo. Herein we present an identification key, morphological descriptions, illustrations, distribution map, list of analysed material and comments about taxonomy and distribution of the species. We confirmed the occurrence of 16 species in Espírito Santo state, of which four are new records and only three are not found in protected areas.
Flora of Espírito Santo: Barnebyoid and Bunchosioid clades (Malpighiaceae)
Authors: Barros Paulo Henrique Dettmann , Almeida Rafael Felipe de , Dutra Valquíria Ferreira
Published: March 2022

Abstract We present the taxonomic treatment of four genera and six Malpighiaceae species from the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. We analyzed herbarium specimens (BHCB, CRVD, MBML, RB, SPF and VIES) and collected specimens in field expeditions from January 2018 to April 2019. Bunchosia was the richest genus with three species recorded in this state, followed by Barnebya, Heladena, and Thryallis, with a single species each. We present morphological descriptions, identification keys, taxonomic notes, distribution maps, and photographic plates for all species.
Flora of Espírito Santo: Ulmaceae
Authors: Calazans Luana S. B. , Guarnier Julia Cristina , Silva Hiago Lourenço da
Published: March 2022

Abstract This study provides a taxonomic treatment for Ulmaceae in the state of Espírito Santo, Southeastern Brazil. Two species were recorded: Ampelocera glabra and Phyllostylon brasiliense, the latter recorded for the state for the first time. Descriptions, an identification key, and comments on its distribution and conservation are provided.