bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Amtsinhaber-Effekte in „unsicheren“ Wahlkreisen – eine Analyse anhand der Landtagswahlen in Brandenburg, Sachsen und Thüringen (1990 bis 2019)
Authors: Träger Hendrik , Pollex Jan , Jacob Marc S.
Published: June 2020

The elections in three East German Länder in 2019 did not only result in significant changes in the proportional vote share but also in severe shifts in constituency results between directly elected deputies . Against this backdrop this article analyses the election results in Brandenburg, Saxony, and Thuringia since 1990 . It shows that most of the constituencies have become contested . Hence, concepts dealing with “safe” constituencies for one party can, particularly in an increasingly fragmented party system, no longer explain election outcomes . Instead, the relevance of candidates for their respective electoral performances is taken into account . Overall, our results clearly suggest an incumbency factor .
Die Effektivität parlamentarischer Opposition. Überlegungen de lege lata et ferenda unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Urteils des Bundesverfassungsgerichts vom 3 . Mai 2016
Authors: Kuhn David
Published: June 2020

Although the right to form and exercise parliamentary opposition has always been recognized as an essential part of the free democratic basic order, there is widespread disagreement within jurisprudence about the specific status of oppositional actors in the German Bundestag . The ruling of the Federal Constitutional Court of May 3, 2016 has provided little clarity in this respect . While the court rightly recognizes the principle of effective opposition, many issues remain unclear, particularly with regard to the constitutional derivation on the one hand and the practical consequences of the principle on the other . This contribution attempts to answer these questions and finally pleads for an opposition-sensitive design of the instruments of parliamentary committees of inquiry and abstract norm control in order to ensure the effectiveness of parliamentary opposition also by formal law .
Higher Sustainability of Mental Models Acquired from a Digital Game in Comparison with a Live Action Role-playing Game and a Traditional Lecture
Authors: Slussareff Michaela , Šisler Vít
Published: June 2020

This article analyses the effectivity of teaching EU law using various educational media. It specifically explores the differences between, and sustainability of, mental models constructed within three various educational environments: (1) a digital game played on PCs, (2) a non-digital role-playing game, and (3) a traditional lecture with discussions. We conducted a laboratory experiment, in which participants (253 high school students, M = 112, F = 141, mean age 16.5) studied EU laws, institutions, and politics in the three above-mentioned environments. We evaluated and compared mental models participants constructed through content analysis of the concept maps they drew immediately after the experiment and others made one month later. Within the analysis, we studied content, architecture, and changes in mental models over time. The resulting data offer unique insight into the process of mental models creation and sustainability thereof within game-based learning; particularly, when using a digital game. Digital game-based learners’ concept maps differed in comparison with those of the educational role-playing and traditional lecture groups; the students tended to keep less altered mental models in their long-term memory: even after the one month period. The results suggest that a digital game-based learning environment could be more successful in mental model retention and for efficacy of future recall; particularly, when dealing with complex phenomena like EU law.
Vestida para o lazer: a descrições da moda nas crônicas mundanas de João do Rio
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Imada Heloísa Leite , Levin Orna Messer
Published: June 2020

Resumo: Na historiografia recente, é consensual que as reformas modernizadoras promovidas no Rio de Janeiro no início do século XX alteraram a arquitetura da capital e a relação da população com a experiência urbana, introduzindo novas práticas no cotidiano dos cariocas. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a presença da moda esportiva nas crônicas mundanas e examinar sua contribuição para a validação de um imaginário coletivo acerca do lazer. O enquadramento do figurino esportivo ganha complexidade na “civilização do jornal”, na qual as relações sociais passam a ser reguladas pela produção e pela leitura dos impressos. Como estudo de caso, são analisadas duas crônicas de João do Rio sobre a temática esportiva. Publicadas na coluna "A Semana Elegante" em 1916, abordam a presença feminina e sua indumentária na prática do tênis e dos banhos de mar. Assim, pretende-se mostrar como a importação e a representação das práticas esportivas e sua moda atuaram na construção de um imaginário de elegância no Rio de Janeiro.
Impressão 3D para vestuário: novos paradigmas de design e consumo
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo, Gomes Juliana Neves , Gomes Suzana Helena de Avelar , Costa Sirlene Maria da , Costa Silgia Aparecida da
Published: June 2020

Esse trabalho teve como objetivo realizar uma abordagem sobre a tecnologia de impressão 3D na moda, e a importância das postponement strategies, que estão levando ao maior compartilhamento de informações na cadeia de produção desse setor. Também é mencionado nesse trabalho a manufatura social, que é uma forma de introduzir a customização em massa, baseada nas redes digitais e em outras tecnologias emergentes, e que vem quebrando o tradicional paradigma B2C (business to consumer). Foram apresentados nesse estudo três projetos de moda impressa em maquinário entry-level, impressoras 3D não industriais, e questões relacionadas as novas maneiras de consumo. Pode-se concluir que manufatura por impressão 3D é associada a uma produção enxuta, com poucos excedentes ou retalhos de materiais, mas quando se trata da compra e envio do produto estas questões parecem ainda não serem consideradas.
Luxury and Technology: an phenomenological analysis of the Louis Vuitton designer handbags Canvas of the Future
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Koerich Guilherme Henrique , Trevisol Nicole Pasini , Souza Richard Perassi Luiz de
Published: June 2020

To broaden their cultural influence, gain new consumers or retain current loyalty (target), luxury brand managers also diversify products and marketing strategies. An example of this is the launch of the Canvas of the Future bag, a Louis Vuitton brand prod uct that boasts digital technology capabilities, integrating the idea of technological innovation with luxury brand and product concepts. Thus, we sought to describe and interpret the perception of Fashion experts about the product, conducting a descriptiv e - qualitative research, whose epistemological basis is Phenomenology. In summary, four research steps were considered and developed to: 1) explore; 2) collect; 3) relate information, and 4) raise propositions. Among the results of the study, we highlight c onsiderations such as: pioneering, innovative, surreal and futuristic regarding the product, confirming the contemporary hybridism between the tradition of fashion and technological innovation, highlighting the revision and repositioning of the brand and t he product of lux.
Discursos políticos na moda: o coletivo Estileras, uma análise semiótica
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo, Vicentini Cláudia Regina Garcia , Có Yasmin Alexandre , Avelar Suzana Helena
Published: June 2020

A moda é um lugar de produção de sentido em que os valores sociais se concretizam plasticamente, possibilitando a veiculação de discursos os mais variados e muitas vezes antagônicos. Deste modo diversos grupos sociais se constituem com narrativas contestadoras ou ainda reafirmando valores e tendências hegemônicas, confirmadas plasticamente nos sistemas vestimentares adotados. Na esteira deste pensamento objetivamos analisar os recursos discursivos utilizados pelo coletivo Estileras em sua página em uma mídia social. Este coletivo se posiciona como um “lugar” de experimentação e transgressão de normas vestimentares sancionadas pela sociedade contemporânea. O referencial teórico da Semiótica Discursiva e as noções de poder de Michel Foucault serão adotados a fim de dar conta da complexidade dos discursos verbo-visuais expostos pelo coletivo.
Dreaming under Locke’s Shadow
Authors: Stasiulis Nerijus
Published: June 2020

In this article I present an outline of the current issue of Filosofija. Sociologija which attempts to discuss the destiny of Man and of individual women and men in the technological society shaped by technological ways of thinking. Also, more general processes of cultural formation and reformation are analysed in the articles. How is identity understood in technological networks? What is identity’s relation to the brain or brainbased models and to cultural environment and its flux? What is the role of language in these processes and what non-analytical ways of philosophical speaking are there? The articles illustrate the trouble of human’s relation to himself in the technological context as a nagging issue for the current discourse.
Heterarchy of General Intellect
Authors: Krasavin Igor
Published: June 2020

This paper explores the problem of General Intellect, which is analysed in the post-Operaismo intellectual movement. Reflecting the thinking of A. Negri, M. Lazzarato, P. Virno, M. Pasquinelli and others, General Intellect is given here as a synonym of society’s cognitive capacity that could either provide liberation from capitalism or be exploited by it. In this paper General Intellect is represented as a property of a social connection structure, called heterarchy. As a connection structure, heterarchy forms different kinds of singularities – finite objects composed of multiple social ties. These aggregations are made by statistical repetitions of relations and individual agents that make values through their goal setting and other intellectual activity. The main argument of the article is that although General Intellect may denote capacity for society’s self-organization, it is difficult to identify it with only one particular institutional organisation or political regime. General Intellect appears in any type of social structuring through self-organising processes.
Technique, Technologies, Ontology: Philosophical, Sociological and Communicative Aspects
Authors: Rimkus Edvardas
Published: June 2020

The article gives a review of scientific conference ‘Technique, Technologies, Ontology: Philosophical, Sociological and Communicative Aspects’ held at the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences. The text represents the course of the conference and the main thoughts of speakers. The topics explored in this scientific event were the following: human being and biorobots, ethics of technology, the conception of human in transhumanism, paradoxes of media technology, technological thinking and catastrophes of humanity, the psychology of engineer in literature, technology of capitalism, philosophy of A. Šliogeris, modern technologies and mythical consciousness, ontology of instrumentality, postsecularity and biotechnologies, fake news, technologies of propaganda, human being and information technologies, technology of virtual learning environment in the process of studying.
Query Public(s) in the Next Society
Authors: Tarasiewicz Matthias
Published: June 2020

Critical Media Arts do not only reflect on new technologies and how they transform society, they also offer a crucial laboratory for the development of new techniques and forms of presenting, structuring and convey- ing knowledge. The core aims of the project »Artistic Technology Research«, presented and reflected in this article, are to stress the critical discourse in (and about) new media, technology, society and its intersections to art/creativity/design. The term »Artistic Technology Research« is seen as a vehicle for creating new actions, interactions and interventions that demonstrate critical views, visualizing and re-structuring our 'Lebenswelt'.
Music and Body as Ritual-Performance
Authors: Lussana Marcello
Published: June 2020

In this paper I want to connect different kinds of knowledge: some ideas of the philosopher Gilles Deleuze, phenomenology, interactive technology, performance, music and ritual. The central idea is the concept of difference as a generative tool of thinking, doing, performing and understanding technology. This is realized through a constant exchange, a movement between these different activities: this communication is the practice of generating difference. Connector of this idea of movement is the concept of body, considered in his variety of meanings: a physical body, flesh, an object or a concept – important is to be open to interaction. The resulting exchange can be deeply understood just with practice: for this reason this written work has to be accompanied and intertwined by a practical work and a first-person approach research. The process of learning something becomes then one opportunity to show the importance of practice and the role of the body as a decoder of technology: the moments of instability while we learn a new technology are actually the opportunity to feel the technology.
I’ve Got My Crew: Inviting Community Partners to Your IEP Meeting
Authors: Rao Morgan , Golden Laura , Ellison Marsha Langer
Published: June 2020

A community partner is a person from an organization outside of a student's high school that can help students plan for life after graduation. A community partner should be a person or organization that can help high school students receiving special education services with their post-high school goals. This tip sheet provides high school students with tips on how to identify community partners, how they can help students, and how to students can include them in the student's Individualized Education Program (IEP) meetings.
Identidad patrimonial, emociones y enseñanza de las Ciencias Experimentales
Authors: Vázquez Bernal Bartolomé , De las Heras M Ángeles , Jiménez-Pérez Roque
Published: June 2020

: En el presente trabajo se presenta parte de una secuencia de indagación en el aula de Química para el estudio de la materia, en concreto, una salida de aula con la intención de trabajar aspectos relacionados con los métodos de separación de las mezclas a partir de un elemento patrimonial como es un molino de mareas (Zaporito). Se pretende conocer qué cambios experimentan las emociones del alumnado hacia esta actividad medidas antes de la misma, durante y después; poner de manifiesto, si es posible, el vínculo ciencias experimentales y educación patrimonial, así como decidir entre beneficios y costes de la experiencia. Se observa cómo las emociones positivas están presentes en los tres momentos del estudio por encima de las emociones negativas. Se pone de manifiesto cómo es posible el trabajo de las ciencias experimentales a través de elementos patrimoniales, lo que supone una ruptura con la incomunicación entre éstas y las ciencias sociales. Además, la experiencia ayudó a la toma de decisiones.
¿Qué aprenden unos estudiantes en una experiencia formativa de Didáctica de las Ciencias Experimentales en el Grado de Educación Infantil?
Authors: De Pro Chereguini Carlos , Inglés Carrillo Carmen , Gómez Mármol Alberto
Published: June 2020

Esta investigación pretende conocer si evolucionan los conocimientos iniciales de unas maestras de Educación Infantil en su formación inicial en el ámbito de la didáctica de las ciencias. La experiencia se realizó con estudiantes de 3º del Grado de Educación Infantil, tras trabajar la propuesta “Cómo enseñar el cuerpo humano y los hábitos saludables en Educación Infantil”. Se utilizó un diseño cuantitativo no experimental con pretest y postest. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto los logros conseguidos, pero también revelan, de modo preocupante, las carencias con la que llegan y la insuficiente evolución tras esta primera intervención. Esto supone una llamada de atención para plantearnos qué podemos mejorar de su formación inicial.
La frana di Vasto del 1956 (Abruzzo adriatico)
Authors: Argentieri Alessio , Della Seta Marta , Martino Salvatore , Scarascia Mugnozza Gabriele
Published: June 2020

Nel 1956 la Città del Vasto, sulla costa dell’Abruzzo adriatico meridionale, fu interessata da un importante evento franoso che portò alla distruzione di un intero rione cittadino. Il centro storico insiste sulla sommità sub-pianeggiante di un rilievo collinare i cui versanti sono interessati da instabilità gravitative perlopiù controllate dalla infiltrazione di acque meteoriche [...].
Buone notizie per gli acquiferi… dal 2023 …
Authors: Rossetto Rudy
Published: June 2020

Con l’inizio della stagione estiva abbiamo il secondo volume per l’anno 2020 della rivista Acque Sotterranee – Italian Journal of Groundwater. Anche in questa occasione pubblichiamo contributi rilevanti per la gestione dei sistemi idrologici superficiali e sotterranei, proprio in un periodo dell’anno in cui l’impatto antropico dovuto ai prelievi si fa importante. andando spesso ad alterare sia lo stato quantitativo che lo stato chimico dei corpi idrici sotterranei.
Parvalbumin interneurons provide spillover to newborn and mature dentate granule cells
Authors: Vaden Ryan J , Gonzalez Jose Carlos , Tsai Ming-Chi , Niver Anastasia J , Fusilier Allison R , Griffith Chelsea M , Kramer Richard H , Wadiche Jacques I , Overstreet-Wadiche Linda
Published: June 2020

Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons (PVs) in the dentate gyrus provide activity-dependent regulation of adult neurogenesis as well as maintain inhibitory control of mature neurons. In mature neurons, PVs evoke GABAA postsynaptic currents (GPSCs) with fast rise and decay phases that allow precise control of spike timing, yet synaptic currents with fast kinetics do not appear in adult-born neurons until several weeks after cell birth. Here we used mouse hippocampal slices to address how PVs signal to newborn neurons prior to the appearance of fast GPSCs. Whereas PV-evoked currents in mature neurons exhibit hallmark fast rise and decay phases, newborn neurons display slow GPSCs with characteristics of spillover signaling. We also unmasked slow spillover currents in mature neurons in the absence of fast GPSCs. Our results suggest that PVs mediate slow spillover signaling in addition to conventional fast synaptic signaling, and that spillover transmission mediates activity-dependent regulation of early events in adult neurogenesis.
Super-resolution microscopy reveals majorly mono- and dimeric presenilin1/γ-secretase at the cell surface
Authors: Escamilla-Ayala Abril Angélica , Sannerud Ragna , Mondin Magali , Poersch Karin , Vermeire Wendy , Paparelli Laura , Berlage Caroline , Koenig Marcelle , Chavez-Gutierrez Lucia , Ulbrich Maximilian H , Munck Sebastian , Mizuno Hideaki , Annaert Wim
Published: June 2020

γ-Secretase is a multi-subunit enzyme whose aberrant activity is associated with Alzheimer’s disease and cancer. While its structure is atomically resolved, γ-secretase localization in the membrane in situ relies mostly on biochemical data. Here, we combined fluorescent tagging of γ-secretase subunits with super-resolution microscopy in fibroblasts. Structured illumination microscopy revealed single γ-secretase complexes with a monodisperse distribution and in a 1:1 stoichiometry of PSEN1 and nicastrin subunits. In living cells, sptPALM revealed PSEN1/γ-secretase mainly with directed motility and frequenting ‘hotspots’ or high track-density areas that are sensitive to γ-secretase inhibitors. We visualized γ-secretase association with substrates like amyloid precursor protein and N-cadherin, but not with its sheddases ADAM10 or BACE1 at the cell surface, arguing against pre-formed megadalton complexes. Nonetheless, in living cells PSEN1/γ-secretase transiently visits ADAM10 hotspots. Our results highlight the power of super-resolution microscopy for the study of γ-secretase distribution and dynamics in the membrane.
Divergent sensory investment mirrors potential speciation via niche partitioning across Drosophila
Authors: Keesey Ian W , Grabe Veit , Knaden Markus , Hansson Bill S
Published: June 2020

The examination of phylogenetic and phenotypic characteristics of the nervous system, such as behavior and neuroanatomy, can be utilized as a means to assess speciation. Recent studies have proposed a fundamental tradeoff between two sensory organs, the eye and the antenna. However, the identification of ecological mechanisms for this observed tradeoff have not been firmly established. Our current study examines several monophyletic species within the obscura group, and asserts that despite their close relatedness and overlapping ecology, they deviate strongly in both visual and olfactory investment. We contend that both courtship and microhabitat preferences support the observed inverse variation in these sensory traits. Here, this variation in visual and olfactory investment seems to provide relaxed competition, a process by which similar species can use a shared environment differently and in ways that help them coexist. Moreover, that behavioral separation according to light gradients occurs first, and subsequently, courtship deviations arise.
An atlas for hemocytes in an insect
Authors: Liegeois Samuel , Ferrandon Dominique
Published: June 2020

Single-cell RNA sequencing has revealed distinct subpopulations of hemocytes in fruit fly larvae.
Genomics against gonorrhoea
Authors: Medland Nicholas
Published: June 2020

Surveillance strategies based on whole genome sequencing could help with the early identification and detection of new forms of drug-resistant gonorrhoea.
Microbial community analysis in the gills of abalones suggested possible dominance of epsilonproteobacterium in Haliotis gigantea
Authors: Mizutani Yukino , Mori Tetsushi , Miyazaki Taeko , Fukuzaki Satoshi , Tanaka Reiji
Published: June 2020

Gills are important organs for aquatic invertebrates because they harbor chemosynthetic bacteria, which fix inorganic carbon and/or nitrogen and provide their hosts with organic compounds. Nevertheless, in contrast to the intensive researches related to the gut microbiota, much is still needed to further understand the microbiota within the gills of invertebrates. Using abalones as a model, we investigated the community structure of microbes associated with the gills of these invertebrates using next-generation sequencing. Molecular identification of representative bacterial sequences was performed using cloning, nested PCR and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis with specific primers or probes. We examined three abalone species, namely Haliotis gigantea, H. discus and H. diversicolor using seawater and stones as controls. Microbiome analysis suggested that the gills of all three abalones had the unclassified Spirochaetaceae (one OTU, 15.7 ± 0.04%) and Mycoplasma sp. (one OTU, 9.1 ± 0.03%) as the core microbes. In most libraries from the gills of H. gigantea, however, a previously unknown epsilonproteobacterium species (one OTU) was considered as the dominant bacterium, which accounted for 62.2% of the relative abundance. The epsilonproteobacterium was only detected in the gills of H. diversicolor at 0.2% and not in H. discus suggesting that it may be unique to H. gigantea. Phylogenetic analysis performed using a near full-length 16S rRNA gene placed the uncultured epsilonproteobacterium species at the root of the family Helicobacteraceae. Interestingly, the uncultured epsilonproteobacterium was commonly detected from gill tissue rather than from the gut and foot tissues using a nested PCR assay with uncultured epsilonproteobacterium-specific primers. FISH analysis with the uncultured epsilonproteobacterium-specific probe revealed that probe-reactive cells in H. gigantea had a coccus-like morphology and formed microcolonies on gill tissue. This is the first report to show that epsilonproteobacterium has the potential to be a dominant species in the gills of the coastal gastropod, H. gigantea.
Variations in Soil Urease and Dehydrogenase Activities as Determined by Diuron, Pyrithiobac Sodium and Quizalofop Ethyl Applied to Cotton Cultivated in Red and Black Soils
Authors: Faizullah Md. Mifta , Ramprakash T. , Anjaiah T. , Madhavi M.
Published: June 2020

Activities of soil enzymes viz., urease and dehydrogenase were studied in two field experiments conducted in red and black soils at Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Rajendranagar during kharif, 2018. Different doses of diuron in combination with postemergence tank-mix application of pyrithiobac sodium + quizalofop ethyl were tested. Soil urease activity showed an increasing trend and it increased from the day of PE herbicide application to flowering. Highest urease activity was noticed at flowering stage and then after the activity decreased upto harvest. In diuron treatments, the urease activity decreased substantially upto 5 DAHS, which later increased at flowering. Significant differences were observed in urease activity among all the treatments from the day of PE application to the day of postemergence spray in both red and black soils. No significant difference was observed in urease activity due to application of postemergence herbicide in both red and black soils. No significant difference was observed due to the application of pre and postemergence herbicides on the activity of dehydrogenase in both red and black soils but the activity of dehydrogenase increased from the day of PE herbicide application to flowering, exhibited highest activity at flowering stage and there after the activity decreased at harvest in both red and black soils.
Quality Assessment of Weaning Food from Blends of Sorghum, Mung Beans and Orange Fleshed Sweet Potato Blends
Authors: Olaleye H. T. , Oresanya T. O. , Temituro E. O.
Published: June 2020

Prevalence of Malnutrition continues to be a plague ravaging children all over the world especially in developing countries such as Nigeria. Development of inexpensive, nutritious and readily available foods can mitigate against the challenges of malnutrition.

Objective: To investigate the effect of different formulations of sorghum, mung beans and orange fleshed sweet potato flour blends on the proximate, functional, pasting properties and the sensory attributes of the weaning food blends.

Methodology: Weaning foods were formulated from Sorghum grains (S), Mung beans (M) and (O) Orange fleshed sweet potato in ratios 40:45:15, 40:30:30, 25:35:45, 25:45:30 and 55:30:15 respectively. The blends of the weaning food were analyzed for the proximate, functional, pasting properties and sensory evaluation using standard methods. Data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance and means were separated using Duncan’s multiple range test p<0.05.

Results: The proximate analysis of the blends had moisture content (8.15-9.58%), crude fat (1.47-2.76%), crude protein (14.00-18.04%), crude fibre (0.34-0.82%), total ash (1.86-2.52%) and carbohydrate (68.02-73.62%). Functional analysis: Bulk density 0.55-0.65 (g/cm3), swelling power (4.64-7.13%), solubility index (4.00-16.50%), water absorption capacity 1.58 (g/gcm3). Pasting: Peak viscosity: (87-214), Break-down viscosity (64-142), Trough viscosity (16-72), Final viscosity (50-175), Set back (28-103), Peak time (4.4.6 min), Pasting temperature (70.83°C). Blend S:M:O- 40:30:30 was rated most acceptable for all the parameters accessed.

Conclusion: The blends of the weaning food showed that it can be a good source of carbohydrate, crude protein, minerals with low bulkiness and good reconstitution properties which can be used to solve malnutrition challenges in Nigeria.
Vulnerabilidade socioambiental de setores censitários às margens do rio Poti, Teresina-Piauí-Brasil
Authors: De Brito Nunes Hikaro Kayo , Sabóia de Aquino Cláudia Maria
Published: June 2020

O estudo apresenta como objetivo analisar a vulnerabilidade socioambiental dos setores censitários que margeiam o rio Poti no município de Teresina (Piauí/Brasil). A partir do emprego de ferramentas de geoprocessamento e atividades de campo e de laboratório, realizou-se o cruzamento de 7 variáveis socioeconômicas e 12 variáveis ambientais para obtenção da vulnerabilidade socioambiental. Os 72 setores censitários foram agrupados em 4 classes de Vulnerabilidade Socioambiental (IVSA). Os resultados indicaram que 33% da área apresentou IVSA Muito Alto; em 10% da área o IVSA foi Alto; em 17% o IVSA foi Médio e em 33% da área o IVSA foi Baixo, além da insuficiência de dados de 7% dos setores. De forma geral, os setores censitários localizados nas regiões Centro-Norte e parte da região Sudeste foram identificados como as áreas mais vulneráveis, exigindo maior atenção do poder público.

Abstract

SOCIO-ENVIRONMENTAL VULNERABILITY OF CENSITIVE SECTORS INTO THE MARGINS OF THE POTI RIVER, TERESINA-PIAUÍ-BRAZIL

The objective of this study is to analyze the socio-environmental vulnerability of the census tracts bordering the Poti River in the municipality of Teresina (Piauí/Brazil). From the use use of geoprocessing tools and field and laboratory activities, the crossing of 7 socioeconomic variables and 12 environmental variables to obtain socio-environmental vulnerability. The 72 census tracts were grouped into 4 classes of Socio-Environmental Vulnerability (IVSA): IVSA Very High (33% of the area), High (10% of the area), Medium (17% of the area) and Low (33%), besides the insufficient data of 7% of the sectors. In general, the census tracts located in the Center-North and part of the Southeast region were identified as the most vulnerable areas, requiring greater public attention.
O processo da obsolescência espacial urbana
Authors: Gonçalves André Vinicius
Published: June 2020

A noção de obsolescência como tema de investigação se contrapõe ao que se convencionou denominar de deterioração urbana, termo que é impreciso e não responde ao processo que leva à decadência física, funcional e econômica dos ambientes construídos. O conceito de obsolescência espacial urbana refuta a noção de deterioração por se entender que a problemática que se impõe nos ambientes construídos da cidade é de ordem sócio-geográfica. Distingue-se a realidade da obsolescência na esfera industrial daquela que ocorre na dimensão urbana, demonstrando que o processo se dá nos interstícios das contradições do processo de produção e reprodução do espaço-mercadoria.

Abstract

THE PROCESS OF URBAN SPATIAL OBSOLESCENCE

The notion of obsolescence as a subject of research opposes what is usually called Urban decay which is imprecise and doesn’t suit the process that leads to physical functional and economic decay of a built-up area. The concept of urban spatial obsolescence denies the notion of urban decay by taking in that this whole issue that imposes itself on the built-up areas of the city is socio-geographic. Obsolescence in the province of industry contrasts with the one in the urban dimension demonstrating that the process takes place in the interstices of the merchandised- geographicalspace production and reproduction contradictions.
Nonsense‐mediated decay factor SMG7 sensitizes cells to TNFα‐induced apoptosis via CYLD tumor suppressor and the noncoding oncogene Pvt1
Authors: Yang Limeng , Kraft Vanessa A. N. , Pfeiffer Susanne , Merl‐Pham Juliane , Bao Xuanwen , An Yu , Hauck Stefanie M. , Schick Joel A.
Published: June 2020

Nonsense‐mediated decay (NMD) proteins are responsible for the surveillance and degradation of aberrant RNAs. Suppressor with morphogenetic effect on genitalia 7 (SMG7) is an NMD complex protein and a regulator of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐induced extrinsic apoptosis; however, this unique function has not been explored in detail. In this study, we show that loss of Smg7 leads to unrestricted expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in addition to NMD targets. Functional analysis of Smg7−/− cells showed downregulation of the tumor suppressor cylindromatosis (CYLD) and diminished caspase activity, thereby switching cells to nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB)‐mediated protection. This positive relationship between SMG7 and CYLD was found to be widely conserved in human cancer cell lines and renal carcinoma samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas. In addition to CYLD suppression, upregulation of lncRNAs Pvt1 and Adapt33 rendered cells resistant to TNF, while pharmacologic inhibition of NF‐κB in Pvt1‐overexpressing TNF‐resistant cells and Smg7‐deficient spheroids re‐established TNF‐induced lethality. Thus, loss of SMG7 decouples regulation of two separate oncogenic factors with cumulative downstream effects on the NF‐κB pathway. The data highlight a novel and specific regulation of oncogenic factors by SMG7 and pinpoint a composite tumor suppressor role in response to TNF.
An experimental analysis method for the incident sound field using propagation mode expansion: Study on the incident sound field in the insulation performance measurement for partition walls. part 1
Authors: Aida Yu , Inoue Naohisa , Sakuma Tetsuya
Published: June 2020

In the measurement of the level difference between dwelling rooms, the low‐frequency modal density of the source room is not high enough for the incident sound field to be assumed as a random incidence, and the sound field is expected to be strongly influenced by the standing waves of the room modes. In this paper, an experimental method is proposed to analyze the characteristics of the incident sound fields in dwelling rooms, where the propagation mode expansion is applied to the complex sound pressure observed on the two layers of planar microphone array. The proposed method is applied to numerical models to simulate the incident sound fields to obtain information on its accuracy and application limitations, and the applicability of the method to ordinary rooms is discussed. In addition, the effect of room absorption on incident characteristics is demonstrated using the proposed method.
Visualizing Energy Transfer at Buried Interfaces in Layered Materials Using Picosecond X‐Rays
Authors: Nyby Clara , Sood Aditya , Zalden Peter , Gabourie Alexander J. , Muscher Philipp , Rhodes Daniel , Mannebach Ehren , Corbett Jeff , Mehta Apurva , Pop Eric , Heinz Tony F. , Lindenberg Aaron M.
Published: June 2020

Understanding the fundamentals of nanoscale heat propagation is crucial for next‐generation electronics. For instance, weak van der Waals bonds of layered materials are known to limit their thermal boundary conductance (TBC), presenting a heat dissipation bottleneck. Here, a new nondestructive method is presented to probe heat transport in nanoscale crystalline materials using time‐resolved X‐ray measurements of photoinduced thermal strain. This technique directly monitors time‐dependent temperature changes in the crystal and the subsequent relaxation across buried interfaces by measuring changes in the c‐axis lattice spacing after optical excitation. Films of five different layered transition metal dichalcogenides MoX2 [X = S, Se, and Te] and WX2 [X = S and Se] as well as graphite and a W‐doped alloy of MoTe2 are investigated. TBC values in the range 10–30 MW m−2 K−1 are found, on c‐plane sapphire substrates at room temperature. In conjunction with molecular dynamics simulations, it is shown that the high thermal resistances are a consequence of weak interfacial van der Waals bonding and low phonon irradiance. This work paves the way for an improved understanding of thermal bottlenecks in emerging 3D heterogeneously integrated technologies.
Visible‐Light‐Activated Photocatalytic Films toward Self‐Cleaning Membranes
Authors: Zhang Huiru , Mane Anil U. , Yang Xiaobin , Xia Zijing , Barry Edward F. , Luo Jianquan , Wan Yinhua , Elam Jeffrey W. , Darling Seth B.
Published: June 2020

Membranes are among the most promising means of delivering increased supplies of fit‐for‐purpose water, but membrane fouling remains a critical issue restricting their widespread application. Coupling photocatalysis with membrane separation has been proposed as a potentially effective approach to reduce membrane fouling. However, commonly used materials in photocatalysis limit use of low‐cost sources such as sunlight due to their large bandgaps. There are few examples of in situ photocatalytic self‐cleaning of membranes, with removal from the filtration system and ex situ illumination being more common. In this work, a visible‐light‐activated photocatalytic film prepared by nitrogen doping into the lattice of TiO2 is deposited on commercial ceramic membranes via atomic layer deposition. The synergy between membrane separation and redox reactions between organic pollutants and reactive oxygen species produced by the visible‐light‐activated layer offers a possibility for stable and sustainable membrane operation under in situ solar irradiation.
Designer Descemet Membranes Containing PDLLA and Functionalized Gelatins as Corneal Endothelial Scaffold
Authors: Van Hoorick Jasper , Delaey Jasper , Vercammen Hendrik , Van Erps Jürgen , Thienpont Hugo , Dubruel Peter , Zakaria Nadia , Koppen Carina , Van Vlierberghe Sandra , Van den Bogerd Bert
Published: June 2020

Corneal blindness is the fourth leading cause of visual impairment. Of specific interest is blindness due to a dysfunctional corneal endothelium which can only be treated by transplanting healthy tissue from a deceased donor. Unfortunately, corneal supply does not meet the demand with only one donor for every 70 patients. Therefore, there is a huge interest in tissue engineering of grafts consisting of an ultra‐thin scaffold seeded with cultured endothelial cells. The present research describes the fabrication of such artificial Descemet membranes based on the combination of a biodegradable amorphous polyester (poly (d,l‐lactic acid)) and crosslinkable gelatins. Four different crosslinkable gelatin derivatives are compared in terms of processing, membrane quality, and function, as well as biological performance in the presence of corneal endothelial cells. The membranes are fabricated through multi‐step spincoating, including a sacrificial layer to allow for straightforward membrane detachment after production. As a consequence, ultrathin (<1 µm), highly transparent (>90%), semi‐permeable membranes could be obtained with high biological potential. The membranes supported the characteristic morphology and correct phenotype of corneal endothelial cells while exhibiting similar proliferation rates as the positive control. As a consequence, the proposed membranes prove to be a promising synthetic alternative to donor tissue.
Advances in Antimicrobial Microneedle Patches for Combating Infections
Authors: Jamaledin Rezvan , Yiu Cynthia K.Y. , Zare Ehsan N. , Niu Li‐Na , Vecchione Raffaele , Chen Guojun , Gu Zhen , Tay Franklin R. , Makvandi Pooyan
Published: June 2020

Skin infections caused by bacteria, viruses and fungi are difficult to treat by conventional topical administration because of poor drug penetration across the stratum corneum. This results in low bioavailability of drugs to the infection site, as well as the lack of prolonged release. Emerging antimicrobial transdermal and ocular microneedle patches have become promising medical devices for the delivery of various antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral therapeutics. In the present review, skin anatomy and its barriers along with skin infection are discussed. Potential strategies for designing antimicrobial microneedles and their targeted therapy are outlined. Finally, biosensing microneedle patches associated with personalized drug therapy and selective toxicity toward specific microbial species are discussed.
Hybrid Tandem White OLED with Long Lifetime and 150 Lm W−1 in Luminous Efficacy Based on TADF Blue Emitter Stabilized with Phosphorescent Red Emitter
Authors: Huang Chenchao , Zhang Yijie , Zhou Jungui , Sun Shuangqiao , Luo Wei , He Wei , Wang Jiangnan , Shi Xiaobo , Fung Man‐Keung
Published: June 2020

Modern lighting requires high efficiency and long lifetime simultaneously. In this paper, highly efficient white organic light emitting diodes (WOLEDs) are demonstrated based on a modified hybrid tandem structure constructed with a phosphorescent yellow‐red unit using an exciplex host and a blue‐red unit based on a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) blue emitter, and the devices are properly built with internal and external light extraction structures. The resulting four‐color WOLED exhibits an external quantum efficiency and luminous efficacy of 126.2% and 150.7 Lm W−1, respectively, and the color rendering index is close to 80 at a brightness of 1000 cd m−2. This device also shows a very good color stability with increasing luminance up to 15 000 cd m−2 and there is only a small angular color variation for viewing angles changing from 0° to 70°. The T50 lifetime (defined as the time corresponding to 50% decrease in luminance from an initial value) of the WOLED at an initial luminance of 1000 cd m−2 is extrapolated as 12 600 h.
Multi‐Space Excitation as an Alternative to the Landauer Picture for Nonequilibrium Quantum Transport
Authors: Lee Juho , Kim Han Seul , Kim Yong‐Hoon
Published: June 2020

While the Landauer viewpoint constitutes a modern basis to understand nanoscale electronic transport and to realize first‐principles implementations of the nonequilibrium Green's function (NEGF) formalism, seeking an alternative picture can be beneficial for the fundamental understanding and practical calculations of quantum transport processes. Herein, introducing a micro‐canonical picture that maps the finite‐bias quantum transport process to a drain‐to‐source or multi‐electrode optical excitation, the multi‐space constrained‐search density functional theory (MS‐DFT) formalism for first‐principles electronic structure and quantum transport calculations is developed. Performing MS‐DFT calculations for the benzenedithiolate single‐molecule junction, it is shown that MS‐DFT and standard DFT‐NEGF calculations produce practically equivalent electronic and transmission data. Importantly, the variational convergence of “nonequilibrium total energy” within MS‐DFT is demonstrated, which should have significant implications for in operando studies of nanoscale devices. Establishing a viable alternative to the Landauer viewpoint, the developed formalism should provide valuable atomistic information in the development of next‐generation nanodevices.
Host Materials Anchoring Polysulfides in Li–S Batteries Reviewed
Authors: Zhou Lei , Danilov Dmitri L. , Eichel Rüdiger‐A. , Notten Peter H. L.
Published: June 2020

Lithium–sulfur batteries (Li–S) have become a viable alternative to future energy storage devices. The electrochemical reaction based on lithium and sulfur promises an extraordinary theoretical energy density, which is far higher than current commercialized Li‐ion batteries. However, the principal disadvantage impeding the success of Li–S batteries lies in the severe leakage and migration of soluble lithium polysulfide intermediates out of cathodes upon cycling. The loss of active sulfur species incurs significant capacity decay and poor battery lifespans. Considerable efforts have been devoted to developing various sulfur host materials that can effectively anchor lithium polysulfides. Herein, a comprehensive review is presented of recent advances in sulfur host materials. On the basis of the electrochemistry of Li–S batteries, the strategies for anchoring polysulfides are systematically categorized into physical confinement and chemical bonding. The structural merits of various sulfur host materials are highlighted, and the interaction mechanisms with sulfur species are discussed in detail, which provides valuable insights into the rational design and engineering of advanced sulfur host materials facilitating the commercialization of Li–S batteries. Future challenges and promising research prospects for sulfur host materials are proposed at the end of the review.
Bacterial consortium for improved maize production under oily sludge
Authors: Shahzad Asim , Fahad Shah , Bano Asghari , Siddiqui Samina , Qin Mingzhou , Shakoor Abdul
Published: June 2020

Oily sludge contains a wide range of carcinogenic and toxic organic and inorganic compounds that enter into the terrestrial environment and may be toxic to plants. Plants grown over oily sludge–contaminated soil may undergo changes in physiology and in the antioxidant enzymes system due to the presence of toxic hydrocarbons. Information is scarce regarding the inoculation of oily sludge on the changes in the physiology of plants. The present study evaluated the effect of a constructed bacterial consortium and fertilizers on maize (Zea mays L.) growth and survival and on its antioxidant system under the stress environment of 30% and 60% oily sludge. Maize grown over 30% and 60% oily sludge was inoculated with a consortium of plant growth–promoting rhizobacteria strains (Bacillus cereus [Acc KF859972], Bacillus altitudinis [Acc KF859970], comamonadaceae (Delftia) [Acc KF859971], and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia [Acc KF859973]). The bioavailability of some phytotoxic trace elements was also evaluated. Germination was inhibited when plants were grown without inoculation; however, no inhibition to the germination of maize was observed when bacterial consortium was added to oily sludge. A significant difference in the bioavailability of Cu and Zn was observed under maize rhizosphere oily sludge inoculated with consortium. Germination rate, protein, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase in bacterial consortium–inoculated maize was higher in plants grown in oily sludge compared with plants grown in untreated sludge. The bacterial consortium suppressed the oxidative stress of plants grown in oily sludge and enhanced maize tolerance to oily sludge. The bacterial consortium can be used for enhancing plant nutrient uptake and to increase biochemical and plant enzymes and can be used by oil refineries to remediate soils contaminated with oily sludge.
Localized immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis: Novel insights including prognostic factors for local progression
Authors: Basset Marco , Hummedah Kamal , Kimmich Christoph , Veelken Kaya , Dittrich Tobias , Brandelik Simone , Kreuter Michael , Hassel Jessica , Bosch Nikolaus , Stuhlmann‐Laeisz Christiane , Blank Norbert , Müller‐Tidow Carsten , Röcken Christoph , Hegenbart Ute , Schönland Stefan
Published: June 2020

In localized light chain amyloidosis (locAL), amyloidogenic light chains (aLC) are produced and deposited locally by a B‐cell clone. We present 293 patients with immunohistochemically confirmed locAL. Lung (nodular pulmonary) with 63 patients was the most involved organ. The aLC was λ in 217 cases (κ:λ ratio 1:3). A local B‐cell clone was identified in 30% of cases. Sixty‐one (21%) had a concomitant autoimmune disorder (cAD). A monoclonal component (MC) were present in 101 (34%) patients and were more frequent in subjects with cAD (51% vs 34%; P = .03). Cigarette smoking was more prevalent in lung locAL (54% vs 37%; P = .018). After a median follow‐up of 44 months, 16 patients died and 5‐ and 10‐years locAL progression‐free survival (PFS) were 62% and 44%. Interestingly, locAL‐PFS was shorter among patients with an identified clonal infiltrate at amyloid deposition site (40 vs 109 months; P = .02) and multinuclear giant cells and/or an inflammatory infiltrate resulted in longer locAL‐PFS in lung involvement (65 vs 42 months; P = .01). However, no differences in locAL PFS were observed in patients with cAD, a MC and involved organ site. Treatment was administered in 163 (54%) patients and was surgical in 135 (46%). Median locAL‐PFS after first treatment was 56 months. Responders had longer locAL‐PFS (78 vs 17 months; P < .001). Three patients with lung locAL and a MC were diagnosed as systemic AL amyloidosis at follow‐up. In summary, locAL pathogenesis seems to be heterogeneous and the clonal infiltrate leads local progression.