bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Educación moral en Sudamérica: un sistema pedagógico de transversalidad
Authors: CRISTI MIGUEL ANTONIO AHUMADA , GARCÍA XUS MARTÍN
Published: April 2018

RESUMEN En el presente artículo nos hemos propuesto, primeramente, defender la tesis que la educación moral es la educación en sí. Para ello, nos fue necesario comprender qué es la educación de la moralidad, sus elementos constitutivos y su relevancia en los sistemas pedagógicos. Luego, explicar y comentar el estado de la educación moral en los países del Cono Sur de América, región que ha optado por desarrollar la esfera ética de la educación a partir del modelo transversal. Vale decir, este artículo tiene dos momentos: la construcción de un discurso que nos permita llegar a un entendimiento más o menos acabado del tema, y la descripción y comprensión crítica del modelo transversal, que está muy presente en los países Sudamericanos.
Chemical, physical and biological changes of white oat ensiled with different additives
Authors: Garcez Neto Américo Fróes , Silva Janielen da , Santos Tiago Machado dos , Fernandes Sergio Rodrigo , Nascimento Eduardo Michelon
Published: April 2018

SUMMARY This study evaluated the addition of inoculants on the aerobic stability, nutritional value, and fermentation and microbiological profiles of white oat silages (Avena sativa L.). The trial was carried out in a completely randomized design with three treatments and six replicates. The treatments consisted of three ensiling approaches: oat (O); oat with homofermentative bacterial inoculant (OB); and oat with bacterial-enzymatic inoculant (OBE). The aerobic stability was 9 days for silage O and 14 days for silages OB and OBE. The non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC) decreased (16.67 to 14.05% DM) and the crude protein (CP) did not change (mean of 8.98% DM) during the aerobic exposure in all silages. The buffering capacity (BC) decreased, while pH and the ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) increased during the aerobic exposure in all silages. Independent from the aerobic exposure period, BC of OBE silage was higher than O silage (29.67 vs. 24.80 meq/100 g DM). Lactic acid bacteria count in OB silage (7.83 log CFU/g) was higher than in O and OBE silages (5.24 log CFU/g, on average). Also, the OB silage showed high enterobacteria count compared to OBE silage (2.49 vs. 0.76 log CFU/g). The inoculation with Lactobacillus plantarum, Pediococcus acidilactici and amylase enzyme at the dose of 1×105 CFU/g does not improve the aerobic stability, nutritional value and the fermentation and microbiological profiles of oat silages.
Biomass components of Pennisetum purpureum cv. Roxo managed at different growth ages and seasons
Authors: MARANHÃO Theyson Duarte , CÂNDIDO Magno José Duarte , LOPES Marcos Neves , POMPEU Roberto Cláudio Fernandes Franco , CARNEIRO Maria Socorro de Souza , FURTADO Rafael Nogueira , SILVA Rafael Rodrigues da , ALVES Francisco Gleyson da Silveira
Published: April 2018

SUMMARY This study was carried out aiming to evaluate the biomass components of elephant grass cv. Roxo at seven growth ages, during rainy, transition and dry seasons. A completely randomized design was adopted with a split plot arrangement over time. The treatments consisted of seven growth ages (9, 18, 27, 36, 45, 54 and 63) and three seasons (rainy, transition and dry). The variables green forage biomass, dead forage biomass, green stem biomass and green leaf blade biomass showed positive linear responses to age and had their magnitude influenced by the evaluated seasons. The live/dead material ratio showed a decreasing linear response as a function of age. The leaf blade/stem ratio showed a negative linear adjustment in the rainy season, reaching a critical value of 1.0 at 59 days, and it showed a quadratic adjustment in the transition season, with the maximum point at 27.53 days; however, this ratio was not influenced by age in the dry season, revealing an average value of 2.22 ± 0.27. The canopy height and leaf area index showed a positive linear response to age in the three seasons. Tiller population density showed quadratic behaviour for age, with maximum estimated values of 134 and 110 til. m-2 at 31.24 and 37.40 days in the rainy and dry seasons, respectively. Rainfall seasonality influences the magnitude of the daily increase of the distinct biomass components of Pennisetum purpureum cv. Roxo.
Macronutrient and amino acids composition of milk replacers for dairy calves
Authors: Bittar Carla Maris Machado , Silva Jackeline Thais da , Chester-Jones Hugh
Published: April 2018

SUMMARY Other than crude protein (CP), crude energy (CE) and crude fiber (CF) content, the adequate supply of essential amino acids (EAA) is an important factor in milk replacer evaluation. The aim of this study was to analyze milk replacer samples as regard to nutrients, especially EAA, composition and simulate the attainability of calves' requirements in different feeding systems. Forty-one milk replacer samples were collected from 14 brands and analyzed for nutrient composition. The near infrared spectroscopy technique was used for AA content estimation. Samples presented adequate levels of CP (21.2±2.90%) and ether extract (14.5±3.41%) for calves fed according to the conventional (4L/d), but not for intensive milk feeding system (>6L/d). High values of CF were observed in the samples (1.6±0.86%). The EAA composition of milk replacer samples was lower than expected for a liquid feed supposed to replace whole milk. None of the analyzed samples presented adequate lysine (5.72±1.09% CP) or methionine (1.65±0.38% CP) to meet calves' daily requirements, regardless of feeding system. Higher crude protein milk replacers are needed. Alternatively, supplementation of milk replacers with EAA is recommended.
Feeding time under performance and eggs quality of quails in production
Authors: Fernandez Isabelle Bossolani , Calixto Lígia Fátima Lima , Torres-Cordido Karoll Andrea Alfonso , Lemos Marina Jorge de , Togashi Cristina Kimie , Souza Daniele Santos de , Alves Osvanira dos Santos , Pizzolante Carla Cachoni
Published: April 2018

SUMMARY In order to evaluate the performance and egg quality of quails on different time feeding, One hundred ninety two Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) at 24 weeks of age were distributed in a completely randomized design with two replications and twelve treatments eight birds each. The treatments consisted of two different times of feeding at 6h and 16h. The performance was evaluated by the feed intake (g/bird/day), egg production (%), egg mass (g), feed conversion per egg mass (kg/kg ), feed conversion per dozen eggs (kg/dz) and viability (%). The egg quality was evaluated by the eggshell thickness (mm), percentage of albumen, yolk percentage and average egg weight (g). The feeding time at 16h favored the performance of Japanese quails at 26 and 34 wk of age considering egg production, egg mass and average egg weight. Thus, it is recommended to feed the quails at times that coincide with the highest egg laying intensity, which ranges from 16 to 19h.
LAPAROSKOPİK VE ROBOTİK REKTUM CERRAHİSİ VE LOKAL EKSİZYONLAR
Authors: Badak Bartu , Yaşar Necdet Fatih
Published: April 2018

İlk kez 1991 yılında Jacobs ve arkadaşları
tarafından bildirilen laparoskopi yardımlı kolektomi operasyonu sonrasında
yapılan araştırmalarda, laparoskopik kolorektal cerrahinin daha az ağrı, barsak
hareketlerinin daha erken geri dönmesi ve hastanede yatış süresinin daha kısa
olması gibi avantajları ortaya konulmuştur
Hipertansiyon tedavisinde beslenmenin ve yaşam tarzı değişikliklerinin önemi
Authors: EKİM Meral
Published: April 2018

Hipertansiyon dünya genelinde kardiyovasküler
hastalıklar için modifiye edilebilen önemli bir risk faktörü olup, kardiyovasküler
hastalık ile hipertansiyon arasında lineer bir ilişki vardır. Hipertansiyon
kardiyovasküler sistemi ve hedef organları sinsice ve gittikçe artan derecede
harap ederek, önemli komplikasyonlara ve ölüme yol açabilir. Bu yüzden ömür
boyu tedavi edilmesi gereken ciddi bir rahatsızlıktır. Hipertansiflerde
obeziteye sık rastlanır. Sağlıklı beslenme ile kilo kaybının serum glikoz ve lipit
düzeyleri üzerine olumlu etkileri olduğu bilinmektedir. Klinik çalışmalar sağlıklı
besinlerin kardiyometabolik parametreler üzerinde yararlı etkileri olduğunu
göstermiştir.

Sigaranın bırakılması, stresten uzak durulması, alkol
alımının terk edilmesi, tuz alımının azaltılması, sebze ve meyve tüketiminin
arttırılması, doymuş ve toplam yağ alımının azaltılması, fiziksel aktivitenin
arttırılması ve vücut ağırlığının kontrolü gibi yaşam tarzı değişiklikleri
hipertansiyon tedavisinin önemli komponentleridir. Bu yaşam tarzı
değişiklikleri hipertansif hastalarda ilaç tedavisiyle birlikte uygulanmalıdır.
Ayrıca, biyokimyasal parametreler de düzenli olarak izlenmelidir.
İNME BENZERİ KLİNİK İLE PREZENTE OLAN BRAKİAL ARTER TROMBOZU: OLGU SUNUMU
Authors: Saçmacı Hikmet , Tanık Nermin , Aktürk Tülin , Çelik Eşref Kemal , Ertem Şenay Bengin , Hidayet Şiho , Ekim Hasan , İnan Levent Ertuğrul
Published: April 2018

ÖZETMonoparezi
tek ekstremitede kuvvet kaybı olarak tanımlanan nöroloji polikliniğine başvuru
sebeplerinden biridir. Etyolojide; santral sinir sistemini etkileyen vasküler (iskemi,
hemoraji) nedenler, yer kaplayıcı lezyonlar ve periferik sinir hastalıkları
gibi nedenler yer almaktadır. Akut arteriyel oklüzyon ise nadir görülen ancak erken
tanı ile sekelsiz iyileşebilen nedenlerdendir. Sol üst ekstremitede akut kuvvet
kaybı yakınması ile başvuran akut arteriyel oklüzyona bağlı monoparezi olgusu;
tedavi sonrasında normal kas gücü bulgularına ulaşmıştır. Monoparezi ile
başvuran hastada, etyoloji araştırılırken nadir görülen sebeplerden biri olan
arteryel oklüzyon acil ve nöroloji hekimlerince göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır.ABSTRACT:

Monoparesis is that one extremity
strength loss is defined as one of the reasons to neurology clinic. Etiology;
includes vascular (ischemia, hemorrhage) causes affecting the central nervous
system, locoregional lesions and peripheral nerve diseases. Acute arterial
occlusion is rare, but with early diagnosis can be recovered without sequelae. Acute
arterial occlusion due to monoparesis admitted with acute loss of strength in
the left upper extremity symptoms after treatment of patients reached the
normal muscle strength findings. In patients with arterial occlusion, which is
one of the reasons monoparesis rare etiology should be considered when
investigating and neurology by emergency physicians.
Chanarin Dorfman Sendromu: Olgu Sunumu
Authors: Bolattürk Ömer Faruk , Göl Mehmet Fatih , Yetkin Mehmet Fatih
Published: April 2018

Dorfman-Chanarin Sendromu, otozomal resesif geçişli
nadir bir nötral lipid depo bozukluğudur. Bu multisistemik hastalıkta nonbüllöz
iktiyozis, vakuollü lökositler, miyopati, nöropati, sağırlık, gelişme geriliği,
göz ve karaciğer patolojileri izlenebilir. Bu yazı; nöropati, miyopati,  iktiozis, kardiyomiyopati, karaciğerde
steatoz, sensörinöral tip işitme kaybı , bilateral optik atrofi, periferik
yaymada lipit yüklü vakuoller saptanan, aile öyküsü olmayan Chanarin Dorfman
Sendromu tanısı konulan olguyu içermektedir. Nötral lipid depo hastalığının geç
dönemde de ayırıcı tanıda düşünülmesi gereken nadir görülen bir hastalık
olduğunu vurgulaması açısından bu vaka sunulmuştur.
El mundo actual: valores y cambios. La psicología y sus respuestas.
Authors: De la Cruz Moreno Noé
Published: April 2018

En el momento actual, estamos en un cambio de Ciclo Histórico, un mundo convulso y desorientado. Pérdida de valores, jamás imaginada, en la Familia, la Educación, relaciones humanas, religión, bases greco romanas, judeocristianas, sobre las que se ha edificado el desarrollo del mundo occidental. Los principios morales se esfuman en el viento. Los valores universales se incumplen con absoluta normalidad. El pasado está ligado al presente y al futuro, es el soporte ineludible de lo que va a venir. El pasado nos pasa factura. Los cambios de las últimas décadas han dejado a los países más desarrollados del mundo en estado de “shock”. La defensa de la igualdad de derechos de la persona humana, mujer=varón, varón=mujer, negro=blanco, hétero u homo sexual ha marcado el camino irreversible en el mundo occidental; no, en el resto del mundo. Las Nuevas Tecnologías e Internet “han lanzado en tropel la migración a la conquista del becerro de oro con patas de hojalata”. (De la Cruz N. 202). El divorcio exprés, la multiplicación de modelos de familia, el aborto indiscriminado, incluyendo a niñas y adolescentes, con pérdida alarmante de población, sustituida por los vientres de mujeres musulmanas, como pronosticó Muamar el Gadafi. El ciclo que empieza, durante el siglo XXI, pondrá nuevamente a la humanidad en el camino de avanzar de forma más equilibrada. Psicología, Pedagogía son el camino. Ámbitos de la vida familiar, escolar, social, política, se han judicializado hasta un nivel que sorprendería al mismo Franz Kafka. Las respuestas vienen necesariamente por dos vías: 1ª, disminución, al mínimo, de abogados, jueces y de ginecólogos en el proceso de divorcios y abortos. 2ª. Atención humanizada y Educación Abierta Sistémica, incluyendo a todos, con las diferentes ramas de la Psicología, la Pedagogía y la Psicología Positivas, la Psicología y Pedagogía Prenatales.
Enhance democracy: resilience and meritocracy
Authors: Nobre Sofía , Rocha R. , Vicente Castro Florencio , Maldonado Briegas Juan José
Published: April 2018

This paper presents an exploratory study that meant to contribute to the comprehension of the process of formation of Portuguese political elites groups, especially to enlightening if the individual elite status is due to exceptional abilities, assessed by its resilience’s categories and professional and academical backgrounds or by “inheritance”, due to favorable factors as family and social relationships – that may have induced to a state power type formation that may have led, as one of the major factors, to inequality and mischaracterization of the concept of Democracy itself and to its disbelief, reinforced by the growing corruption and therefore facilitator of populist, dictatorial and xenophobes models that it’s urgent to reverse. Concomitantly, it is fundamental to promote resilience-related aspects and merit, to restore society’s trust in the system, as WHO (2017) recently explained the importance of trust, measured by the absence of corruption in business and government, to happiness and therefore well-being.
La satisfacción sexual en parejas con estilos de apego seguro y ansioso
Authors: Chaves Isabel , Caballero-Gascón Lorena , Ceccato Roberta , Morell-Mengual Vicente , Gil-Llario M. Dolores
Published: April 2018

Debido a la fuerte vinculación entre la satisfacción sexual, de pareja y el apego de ambos miembros de la diada, el objetivo de esta investigación fue examinar la satisfacción de pareja y sexual en las diferentes combinaciones de estilos de apego. Para ello se analizó la satisfacción sexual y de pareja en los diferentes estilos de apego de cada participante y de su pareja. En el estudio participaron 86 parejas heterosexuales, con edades entre los 20 y 60 años. Los resultados muestran que las personas seguras tienen una mayor satisfacción sexual y de pareja. Las diadas constituidas por un hombre seguro y una mujer segura son las que más satisfechas están, las mujeres seguras están menos satisfechas con sus parejas cuando ellos son preocupados pero los hombres seguros se encuentran igualmente satisfechos tanto si las mujeres son seguras como si son ansiosas. Por tanto, la satisfacción de un miembro de la pareja ansioso/a va a depender del estilo de apego y del sexo de su pareja.
Análisis de la habilidad comunicativa docente y pautas de actuación. Atraer la atención hablando: un reto para la enseñanza universitaria
Authors: Barrio del Campo José Antonio , Barrio Fernández Ángela
Published: April 2018

Desde el ámbito educativo universitario es indudable que la comunicación representa, hoy más que nunca, un tema cardinal. El hecho de que sobre una Comunicación Eficaz se sustenta en gran medida la calidad educativa, es una realidad insoslayable (Barrio y Borragán., 2005). En el contexto del EEES, el docente deberá asumir una serie de cambios sustanciales en la metodología de enseñanza aprendizaje, en las habilidades y competencias que deberá desarrollar dentro y fuera del aula, así como la incorporación de nuevos modelos pedagógicos en relación con la comunicación en clase (Barrio y Borragán, 2011).Conocemos mucho sobre algunas cuestiones importantes para la comunicación eficaz, sin embargo, ¿conocemos los indicadores más eficaces y las pautas precisas para el trabajo de esta habilidad entre los docentes?. Parece que sigue siendo conveniente el desarrollo de instrumentos de análisis de esta habilidad. En este sentido, el instrumento con el que se ha trabajado, (herramienta para el Análisis de la Habilidad Comunicativa Docente) incluye nueve dimensiones básicas en la habilidad comunicativa de la función docente: mensaje; atención, comprensión y feedback; lenguaje; habla, voz y lenguaje corporal; acción y experimentación; inducción al trabajo, al estudio y a la próxima sesión de clase; participación de los alumnos; personalidad, empatía, seducción y optimismo; y relaciones del profesor con el estudiante. Hemos contado con la colaboración a través de su cumplimentación de 156 docentes universitarios, de diferentes disciplinas. Los resultados que se están obteniendo, nos están permitiendo seguir trabajando para ofrecer pautas de actuación cada vez más específicas en relación con la mejora de la habilidad comunicativa del docente universitario.
Satisfacción sexual femenina: influencia de la edad y variedad de prácticas sexuales
Authors: Iglesias Campos Paula , Morell-Mengual Vicente , Caballero-Gascón Lorena , Ceccato Roberta , Gil-Llario María Dolores
Published: April 2018

La satisfacción sexual es la respuesta afectiva y emocional surgida de la evaluación de las interacciones sexuales personales y de la percepción de la consumación del deseo erótico. La satisfacción marital, definida como la actitud hacia la interacción marital y los aspectos emocionales y estructurales de la pareja, es considerada uno de los más fuertes predictores de la satisfacción sexual. Además, existen otras variables que pueden estar interviniendo en la satisfacción sexual y marital de las mujeres. Por tanto, el objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la influencia de la edad y la variedad de prácticas sexuales y afectivas en la satisfacción sexual y marital de mujeres con pareja estable. La muestra está formada por 600 mujeres de edades comprendidas entre los 18 y 60 años (M = 31.57; DT = 9.14) que, independientemente de su orientación sexual, mantienen una relación de pareja estable de una duración igual o superior a dos años. A todas ellas se les aplicó la Escala de Satisfacción Sexual, la Escala de Satisfacción Marital y un inventario de prácticas sexuales. Los resultados muestran una relación inversa con la edad, de manera que el grupo de menor edad presenta puntuaciones significativamente superiores en el Factor “Comunicación” de la Escala de Satisfacción Sexual, así como en la Escala de Satisfacción Marital. Además, se ha encontrado que a mayor variedad de prácticas sexuales y afectivas, tanto durante como después de la relación sexual, mayor satisfacción sexual. Por último, la satisfacción marital se relaciona de forma directa con la satisfacción sexual. Las mujeres jóvenes y con amplia variedad de prácticas sexuales y afectivas presentan una mayor satisfacción sexual y marital. Se ha evidenciado la necesidad de elaborar modelos multicausales sobre las variables implicadas en la satisfacción sexual femenina debido a la complejidad que entraña.
Cuestionario de estrategias utilizadas por los jóvenes para negociar el uso del preservativo
Authors: Gras M.E , Planes M. , Gómez A.B
Published: April 2018

Se analiza la estructura factorial de un instrumento para evaluar la percepción que tienen los jóvenes sobre la adecuación de trece estrategias para negociar el uso del preservativo. La muestra está formada por 260 estudiantes de grado (81.4% mujeres, edad media= 21 años; dt=2.8). Las valoraciones se hicieron con una escala del 0 (nada adecuada) al 10 (totalmente adecuada). Los resultados del análisis factorial exploratorio muestran que las trece estrategias se agrupan en tres factores: en un primer factor aparecen aquellas que se refieren a la protección que proporciona el preservativo (frente a infecciones, embarazos, etc.), en un segundo factor aquellas que formulan la petición de forma más o menos directa (pedir su uso, mostrar un preservativo, etc.) y finalmente un tercer factor que engloba aquellas que utilizan argumentos con carga emocional (chantaje, amenazar con no tener relaciones, etc.).
Fundamentação de um programa de musicoterapia pré-natal
Authors: Carvalho Eduarda
Published: April 2018

O uso da musicoterapia no acompanhamento da gravidez e da preparação para o nascimento constitui uma estratégia inovadora para o desenvolvimento do autoconhecimento, da expressão emocional e elaboração de sentimentos ambivalentes e da criatividade e descoberta de competências adaptativas para lidar com a mudança e transformação que o processo de gravidez e parentalidade desencadeia no casal grávido.Partindo das bases teóricas da psicologia da gravidez e das dimensões particulares da música enquanto experiência temporal e de expressão emocional da ambivalência psicológica, será descrita uma teorização acerca dos fundamentos da musicoterapia na gravidez. Como ilustração desta teorização, serão, igualmente, descritas as linhas de orientação e de funcionamento de um programa pioneiro de musicoterapia pré-natal dirigido a casais grávidos a partir das 22 semanas de gestação
Optimism and resilience among university students
Authors: Gómez- Molinero Rocio , Zayas Antonio , Ruíz-González Paula , Guil Rocio
Published: April 2018

University life is full of stressful stimuli that can contribute to psychological distress and lower performance levels. Despite academic demands, university students also face new stressors, such as different social networks, financial changes, and adaptation to new family and social roles that may have a negative impact on their mental health (Pidgeon & Pickett, 2017). In this sense, resilience literature has gained acceptance explaining how some students successfully adapt to university life while others find great challenges. Since resilience has been defined as the ability to successfully adapt in the face of stress and adversity, it is important to determine what psychological factors contribute enhancing this resilience levels. One of the factors related to life adaptation is optimism, understood as the general expectancy of obtaining positive outcomes in the future (Scheier & Carver, 1985). Hence, the aim of this study is to study the relationship between optimism and resilience among a sample of university students in Spain.The sample was comprised of 132 students from the University of Cádiz (Spain). Participants were selected by quota sampling from first to last year of studies. The majority of students (72.5%) were female and average age was 21.71 (range = 18–48, SD = 3.75). Participants completed the Wagnild and Young Resilience Scale (Spanish version adapted by Novella, 2002) and Life Orientation Test (LOT-R Spanish version adapted by Ferrando, Chico & Tous).We performed hierarchical multiple regression analysis and obtained that optimism explained 25% of resilience among university students (R2 = .25, â = .49). No gender and age differences were observed. Thus, identifying the factors that influence students’ adjustment to university life can improve the targeting of interventions to improve university academic performance. Moreover, this research could contribute helping students to successfully face this life transition, increasing their well-being and life satisfaction levels and decreasing university absenteeism.
Educare alla scelta della scuola secondaria di secondo grado e orientare per preparare al futuro
Authors: Fontana Margherita
Published: April 2018

L’orientamento è un fattore strutturale di ogni processo formativo, realizzato lungo l’arco di tutta la vita; nella scuola si trovano gli spazi e le opportunità per formarsi e prepararsi alla scelta di una professione futura. Naturalmente la scuola deve acquisire la consapevolezza di ciò, tuttavia in questi anni, in cui le riforme scolastiche si sono succedute, è cresciuta la necessità di far acquisire all’orientamento il compito educativo che mette al centro l’interesse degli studenti e delle studentesse e la maturazione della loro personalità (Del Core, 2008). L’orientamento scolastico deve indirizzare gli alunni ad esplorare ed acquisire elementi fondamentali per iniziare la costruzione di una propria identità, partendo dalle competenze acquisite. Fondamentale diventa l’aiuto a riconoscere le competenze possedute, non solo per sostenere la motivazione ma anche per individuare e definire le scelte formative e di lavoro.È utile nel processo di orientamento, in particolare nella verifica della scelta fatta, riflettere sulle interconnessioni tra caratteristiche personali, specificità del percorso scolastico e caratteristiche delle figure professionali collegate. “Uno dei principali obiettivi della scuola è fornire agli studenti gli strumenti intellettivi, le convinzioni e le abilità auto-regolatorie che servono loro per autoistruirsi tutta la vita”. Imparare ad autogestirsi in situazioni diverse e anche dopo la scuola è il punto di forza che aiuterà gli adolescenti ad essere autonomi e ad “arrivare fino in fondo” (Bandura, 2012, p. 24).
Ansiedad por separación: validez y fiabilidad de instrumentos de evaluación
Authors: Fernández- Sogorb Aitana , Aparicio-Flores María del Pilar , Hernández-Amorós María José , Urrea-Solano María Encarnación
Published: April 2018

La ansiedad por separación resulta problemática cuando sus síntomas característicos, como la angustia o la resistencia, se experimentan de manera intensa y constante. El trastorno que se deriva de esta excesiva manifestación ansiosa tiende a iniciarse en la infancia y a continuar en la adolescencia, causando graves consecuencias en la adultez. Por tanto, resulta conveniente detectar y tratar esta patología lo antes posible. En este sentido, la presente investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar la validez de constructo (estructura factorial) y la fiabilidad (consistencia interna y estabilidad temporal) de los instrumentos diseñados para evaluar la ansiedad por separación en niños y adolescentes. Se realizó una búsqueda exhaustiva en bases de datos interdisciplinares y del ámbito de la psicología y la educación, utilizando términos relacionados con el trastorno, la evaluación, la infancia y la adolescencia. De todos los registros identificados en la búsqueda, se seleccionaron exclusivamente aquellos que respondieron al propósito del estudio. Los instrumentos analizados finalmente fueron los siguientes: Separation Anxiety Assessment Scale - Child Version, Separation Anxiety Scale for Children, Separation Anxiety Avoidance Inventory - Child and Parent Version y Children’s Separation Anxiety Scale. Todos ellos están compuestos por factores que permiten identificar las situaciones generadoras de ansiedad por separación. Asimismo, los índices de consistencia interna y de estabilidad temporal proporcionados por los estudios correspondientes resultan satisfactorios en su amplia mayoría. Estos resultados evidencian la existencia de instrumentos de evaluación de la ansiedad por separación que proporcionan puntuaciones válidas y fiables para ser utilizados por profesionales de la psicología clínica y educativa.
Práticas parentais percebidas, autoestima, otimismo e resiliência em futuros professores
Authors: Dobrianskyj Weber Lidia Natalia , Yara Marques da Silva Dias Antoniela , Cavicion Gomes Luana , Angst Pasqualotto Rosana
Published: April 2018

As primeiras expectativas criadas pelos adolescentes acerca do seu futuro profissional são tomadas com base no contexto familiar. Esta pesquisa objetivou investigar relações entre as práticas educativas parentais percebidas e a escolha profissional, a autoestima, o otimismo e a resiliência em adolescentes que frequentam um curso técnico de formação de professores. Participaram 200 adolescentes, maioria do sexo feminino e idade média de 15,8 anos. Os instrumentos foram: questionário sociodemográfico, Escala de autoestima de Rosenberg, Life Orientation Test, Escala de Resiliência, Escalas de Qualidade na Interação Familiar. Os dados mostram que os jovens têm interesse em cursos universitários de licenciaturas e revelam identificação com a área do magistério.Sobre características boas de um professor, a maioria indicou comportamentos ligados à interação, seguido de cuidado com a profissão, e comportamentos relacionados ao domínio do conteúdo e didática. No caso dos comportamentos do professor a serem evitados, os mais citados foram o controle aversivo, a seguir foram comportamentos do professor que pudessem comprometer a aprendizagem, como a falta de planejamento e desorganização. Foram encontradas correlações significativas e positivas entre as práticas parentais percebidas pelos adolescentes e os escores de otimismo, resiliência e autoestima, revelando a importância do envolvimento dos pais para o desenvolvimento de forças pessoais desses jovens que, desde cedo, definiram um objetivo de vida e estão no caminho para realizá-lo.
Inteligencia emocional y bullying en escolares de primaria
Authors: Estévez Casellas Cordelia , Carrillo Aída , Gómez-Medina María Dolores
Published: April 2018

Diferentes estudios señalan claras diferencias en los perfiles de inteligencia emocional asociados a los roles de víctima o agresor en el fenómeno del bullying (Casas, Ortega, Del Rey,2015). Estos estudios se centran habitualmente en población adolescente, pero existen menos estudios que analicen este fenómeno en menores de 11 años. El Estudio Cisneros (Piñuel, 2006) refleja que los índices de acoso escolar en primaria superan a los de secundaria, por esto consideramos necesario el análisis de las características emocionales de los menores de 11 años implicados en el bullying. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el perfil emocional de escolares de entre 8 y 11 años implicados en el bullying. Para ello se entrevistaron 291 niños de entre 8 y 11 años en los que se evaluaron las variables, Inteligencia emocional rasgo con el Inventario de Inteligencia Emocional BarOn ICE: NA (Bar-On, 2004), y Rol asociado al fenómeno de bullying con el Test Bull-S (Cerezo, 2002).Los resultados confirma que la prevalencia de bullying en esta edad es alta (18% agresores y 12% víctimas) siendo los chicos los que en la mayor parte de las ocasiones asumen el papel de agresor (90%) y víctima (67%).Tras realizar un ANOVA de un factor se confirmó con un índice de significación <0,05 que losniños agresores puntuaban más bajo en el cociente de Inteligencia Emocional Global así como en las dimensiones Habilidades Interpersonales y Manejo del Estrés. A su vez las victimas presentaron puntuaciones inferiores en dichas dimensiones en comparación con los observadores pero más elevadas que las de los agresores.Podemos concluir que el papel de la Inteligencia Emocional en los niños de primaria implicados en el fenómeno de bullying es un aspecto a tener en cuenta, a la hora de diseñar estrategias de prevención.
Conhecimento das mães acerca do uso da chupeta, amamentação e desenvolvimento da criança
Authors: Pereira García Galvão Dulce María , Dos Santos Ferreira Mónica Patricia , Gomes Alves Océane Rose , Correia Jerónimo Pedroso Rosa María
Published: April 2018

O uso de chupeta é actualmente considerado um problema de Saúde Pública ao se constituir um dos determinantes principais que conduzem as mães a interromper precocemente a amamentação e pelo impacto negativo no desenvolvimento infantil. Objetivos: Explorar o conhecimento das mães sobre o efeito do uso da chupeta no processo da amamentação e desenvolvimento da criança; Identificar os factores que levaram as mães que amamentam ou amamentaram na introdução da chupeta aos filhos; Caracterizar o peso relativo evocado pelas mães que levam ao uso da chupeta no processo de amamentação e no desenvolvimento da criança; Relacionar o conhecimento das mães que amamentam ou amamentaram e cujos filhos usaram ou não chupeta sobre a sua influência no processo de amamentação e desenvolvimento da criança. Participantes e Métodos: Estudo descritivo-correlacional, segundo a metodologia quantitativa, junto de mães de crianças que amamentaram ou que ainda se encontravam a amamentar, cujos filhos frequentavam creches públicas ou privadas, situadas em meio urbano ou rural do distrito de Coimbra, através da aplicação de um Questionário, entre Abril e Junho/2016. Tratou-se os dados por computador e utilizou-se a estatística descritiva no tratamento da informação. Resultados: Grande percentagem de mães referiu que os filhos usaram chupeta, com início no primeiro dia de vida, por opção própria ou aconselhamento de um profissional de saúde. Percentagem elevada tomou a decisão da sua introdução por opção própria, para acalmar o filho. Houve grande dispersão de respostas relativamente à idade adequada para a retirar. Pequena percentagem revelou conhecimento sobre o impacto negativo no desmame precoce, processo de amamentação e desenvolvimento infantil.Conclusões: As mães não possuem uma globalidade de conhecimentos essenciais sobre a influência da chupeta no processo de amamentação e desenvolvimento infantil. É necessário apostar na formação dos profissionais de saúde para a transmissão de informações às mães.
Chemocompetent cells of Vibrio natriegens (Weinstock et al. 2016, modified) v1
Authors: Hensel Tobias
Published: April 2018

A protocoll outlining the Preperation and transformation of chemo-competent cells for Vibrio natriegens
Antibiotics solutions v1
Authors: Bonatto Diego
Published: April 2018

Antibiotic Concentrations Note:Unless otherwise indicated, the antibiotic powder can be dissolved in dH2O. *Note:Carbenicillin can be used in place of ampicillin. Carbenicillin is more stable, so it is potentially more effective at selecting only bacteria containing the plasmids of interest (for example, fewer satellite colonies will grow). However, it is also more expensive.
Философия как самосознание свободы
Authors: Межуев Вадим Михайлович
Published: April 2018

В статье анализируется основная функция философии — самосознание человека.

Текст доклада автора на Всероссийской научной конференции «Культура между Логосом и Мифом:  к проблеме  бессознательного (к 80-летию А. Э. Воскобойникова)», которая прошла в Московском гуманитарном университете 26-27 октября 2017 года.
Феномен сновидений в искусстве
Authors: Иванова Ирина Сергеевна
Published: April 2018

В статье рассматриваются функции бессознательного, действующие посредством снов, показывается телеологичность сновидений и их самоценность как феноменов проявления творчества личности.

Текст доклада автора на Всероссийской научной конференции «Культура между Логосом и Мифом: к проблеме бессознательного (к 80-летию А. Э. Воскобойникова)», которая прошла в Московском гуманитарном университете 26–27 октября 2017 года.
Подступы к философии человека
Authors: Гиренок Федор Иванович
Published: April 2018

В статье представлены основные вопросы современной философской антропологии.

Текст доклада автора на Всероссийской научной конференции «Культура между Логосом и Мифом: к проблеме бессознательного (к 80-летию А. Э. Воскобойникова)», которая прошла в Московском гуманитарном университете 26–27 октября 2017 года.
Проблема Другого в современных социально-культурных практиках
Authors: Крючкова Светлана Евгеньевна
Published: April 2018

В статье исследуется эвристический потенциал феноменологии Э. Гуссерля для решения проблемы Другого (другого Я), которая имеет важное значение для построения общей теории аргументации.

Текст доклада автора на Всероссийской научной конференции «Культура между Логосом и Мифом: к проблеме бессознательного (к 80-летию А. Э. Воскобойникова)», которая прошла в Московском гуманитарном университете 26–27 октября 2017 года.
Существование женщины между мифом (традицией) и логосом (разумом)
Authors: Аристова Марина Вадимовна
Published: April 2018

В статье анализируется эволюция представлений о месте женщины в культуре, начиная от мифологических образов.

Текст доклада автора на Всероссийской научной конференции «Культура между Логосом и Мифом: к проблеме бессознательного (к 80-летию А. Э. Воскобойникова)», которая прошла в Московском гуманитарном университете 26–27 октября 2017 года.
Традиционная система ценностей в современной китайской культуре
Authors: Митькина Светлана Андреевна
Published: April 2018

В статье анализируется традиционная система ценностей, которая функционирует в современной китайской культуре.

Текст доклада автора на Всероссийской научной конференции «Культура между Логосом и Мифом: к проблеме бессознательного (к 80-летию А. Э. Воскобойникова)», которая прошла в Московском гуманитарном университете 26–27 октября 2017 года.
Variability in size and shape of wings in longevity-selected strains of house fly (Musca Domestica L.): geometric morphometrics
Authors: Akhmetkireeva Tansulpan T. , Ben'kovskaya Galina V. , Vasil'ev Aleksei G.
Published: April 2018

Background. The aim of the study is evaluate the long-term morphogenetic consequences of the housefly mass selection by the lifespan of two formed strains with different longevity.

Materials and methods. Two control groups were detached from the strains Sh gen (short-living adults) after 65th and L gen (long-living) after 45th generations of selection for early or late reproduction. Geometric morphometrics of the flys wing shape are made from the configurations of 17 homologous Landmarks positioned on the wings images. The direction and magnitude of the interstrain differences were estimated using the canonical analysis of Procrustes coordinates, which characterized the variability of the wing shape. The degree of intra-group morphological disparity from the values of the first two canonical variables was analyzed by the nearest neighbour point pattern analysis.

Results. Significant interstrain and sex differences in the shape and size of the wing were revealed. The size of the wing plate of males and females of the Sh gen strain and the level of intragroup disparity are significantly larger than in the L gen strain. The pattern of intragroup disparity of the wing shape of the Sh gen adults is characterized by a significant effect of ordinates overdispersion.

Conclusion. A hypothesis has been put forward that the revealed morphogenetic rearrangements in individuals of both strain formed on the base of historically existing potent ontogenetic trajectories of species. It is assumed that the basis for morphogenesis rearrangements are the primary epigenetic changes due to the transposition of the mobile elements of the genome.
Genome and stress-reaction in animals and humans
Authors: Dyuzhikova Natalya A. , Daev Eugene V.
Published: April 2018

Current data on the effects of stress at the level of the cell genomes of the central nervous system and peripheral organs in animals are discussed. Regulatory and structural genomic changes in the cells of the central nervous system under stress are considered as a mechanism for regulating the functions of the brain and peripheral organs that form the organism manifestations of stress. Based on the Yu.Ya. Kerkis and M.E. Lobashev point of view, we consider stress as a special physiological state of the nervous system, affecting the work and integrity of the genome in target cells in animals, and thus playing a major role in microevolutionary transformations.
Autism spectrum disorders: etiology, treatment. models and experimental studies
Authors: Lavrov Nikanor V , Shabanov Petr D
Published: April 2018

The study of disorders of brain activity related to the violation of socialization is the current scientific problem. The article presents a review of the literature regarding the epidemiology, etiology and treatment of autism spectrum disorders. Special attention is paid to experimental models of autism, since simulation allows to test hypotheses about the nature of the disease and to carry out testing of new treatment methods. (For citation: Lavrov NV, Shabanov PD. Autism spectrum disorders: etiology, treatment. Models and experimental studies. Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. 2018;16(1):21-27. doi: 10.17816/RCF16121-27).
Experience of determination of antitumor drugs concentrations as a method of providing the safety of pharmacotherapy
Authors: Rodionov Gennadii G , Shantyr’ Igor I , Ushal Inna E , Kolobova Ekaterina A , Svetkina Ekaterina V , Oseshnyuk Rodion A , Shabanov Petr D
Published: April 2018

Background. The undesirable side effects in the process of pharmacotherapy are forced to look for ways to prevent them. The most effective means for this is to carry out individual therapeutic drug monitoring. This is especially true for patients who undergo chemotherapy. A narrow therapeutic range of antineoplastic agent concentrations requires an individual approach to the management of each patient. The purpose of this study is to justify the need for therapeutic drug monitoring to provide the safety of antitumor drugs. Methods. Methods for the quantitative determination of the active metabolite of fludarabine, imatinib and gefitinib in human blood plasma have been developed and validated. A study of pharmacokinetics of antitumor drugs: fludarabine - 36 patients, gefitinib - 24 healthy volunteers, imatinib - 24 healthy volunteers. Results and Discussion. The work shows the magnitude of interindividual differences of the pharmacokinetics of various antitumor drugs. High interindividual variability of pharmacokinetic parameters was revealed both in patients and in healthy volunteers. Conclusion. Experience of the Research Laboratory of Toxicology and Drug Monitoring, The Nikiforov Russian Center of Emergency and Radiation Medicine, EMERCOM of Russia on the application of therapeutic drug monitoring showed its relevance and effectiveness for patients undergoing chemotherapy. (For citation: Rodionov GG, Shantyr II, Ushal IE, et al. Experience of determination of antitumor drugs concentrations as a method of providing the safety of pharmacotherapy. Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. 2018;16(1):64-70. doi: 10.17816/RCF16164-70).
Hekimlerin akılcı ilaç kullanımı ve farmakovijilansa yönelik bilgi ve tutumları
Authors: KUBAT Havva
Published: April 2018

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı; Adana ilinde faaliyet gösteren bir kamu hastanesinde görev yapan hekimlerin, akılcı ilaç kullanımına yönelik bilgi ve davranışlarını incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı nitelikte kesitsel olan bu çalışmada, hekimlerin akılcı ilaç kullanımı konusundaki bilgi ve davranışlarını sorgulayan 21 sorudan oluşan anket, 353 hekime uygulanmıştır. Böylece hedef populasyonun %64.2'sine ulaşılmıştır. Bulgular: Hekimlerin %96.3'ünün reçeteleme yaparken ilaç bilgi kaynaklarından faydalandığı, reçeteleme yaparken ilaç bilgi kaynağı olarak %60.3’ünün tanı ve tedavi rehberlerini, %59.4’ünün interneti kullandığı, %39.9'unun ilaç kısa ürün bilgilerini sık sık okuduğu, %60.1’inin ilaç endikasyonlarını, %52.4’ünün pozoloji ve uygulama şeklini, %48.7’sinin farmakolojik özelliklerini, %46.7’sinin kontrendikasyonlarını, %49’unun yan etkilerini, %48.1’inin uyarılar ve önlemleri, %47’sinin gebelik ve pediatride kullanımını, %41.9’unun biyoeşdeğerliğini iyi düzeyde bildiği, %47.6'sının muayene etmeden ilaç reçete etmediği, çoğunluğun ilaç reçete ederken hastanın anamnez bilgilerini sıklıkla sorguladığı,   %51'inin ilaçlarla ilgili verdiği bilgiyi yeterli bulduğu, %60.6'sının advers etki bildirimi yapmadığı, %46.2'sinin advers etki bildirimini yoğun çalıştığından dolayı yapmadığı, %44’ünün farmakovijilansı bildiği, %73.4'ünün Türkiye Farmakovijilans Merkezi’ni bilmediği gösterilmiştir.Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre; hastanelerde hekimlerin akılcı ilaç kullanımında, reçeteleme ve hastayı bilgilendirme konusunda duyarlı oldukları, ancak advers etki bildirimi ve farmakovijilans konusunda yeterli duyarlılığın oluşmadığı saptanmıştır.
Plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone resistance in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli in Konya, Turkey
Authors: AZEEZ Dhay Ali , FINDIK Duygu , TÜRK DAĞI Hatice , ARSLAN Uğur
Published: April 2018

Purpose: Resistance to quinolones usually results from mutations in the topoisomerase genes encoded chromosomally and also the expression of efflux pumps, loss of porines and the transfer of plasmid-mediated genes. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of plasmid-mediated quinolones resistance genes (qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrS, qepA, and aac(6’)-1b-cr) in clinical isolates of Esherichia coli from Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey.Materials and Methods: In this study 115 quinolone-resistant isolates were screened for qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrS, qepA, and aac(6’)-1b-cr genes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). All aac(6’)-1b positive amplicons were analyzed by digestion with BseGI restriction enzyme to identify aac(6’)-1b-cr variant.Results: Of the 115 quinolone-resistant E.coli strains, three (2.6%) carried qnrB, nine (7.8%) carried qnrS and 50 (43.5%) carried aac(6’)-1b-cr genes. None of them harboured qnrA, qnrC and qepA genes.Conclusion: We determined that aac(6')-1b-cr  gene  was responsible for most of the quinolone-resistant  E.  coli strains from Konya,  Turkey. The prevalence of qnrB and qnrS genes was low and qnrA, qnrC and qepA genes were not detected. The surveillance of quinolone resistance genes is important, especially plasmid mediated ones are rapidly spreading all over the world.
Serum neutrophil-lymphocyte ratios, C-reactive protein and sedimentation levels in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Solmaz Volkan , Pekdaş Genç Elmas , Aksoy Dürdane , Çevik Betül , Kurt Semiha Gülsüm , Benli İsmail
Published: April 2018

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the systemic inflammation status by analyzing the Neutrophil/Lymphocyte (N/L) ratio, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), and C - reactive protein (CRP) in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD).Materials and Methods: 101 PD patients, and 60 healthy subjects of similar age and gender were include in this study. The demographic data and duration of the disease, the drugs, duration of usage of Parkinson drugs, Hoehn-Yahr stage were noted. After full neurological examination blood samples are collected and neutrophil, lymphocyte counts, high sensitive CRP, ESR levels are detected.Results: The N/L ratio and the CRP levels were statistically higher in Parkinson’s group. There was a statistically significant but weak positive correlation between the CRP levels and the N/L ratio with the disease duration. Similarly, there was a statistically significant but weak positive correlation between the CRP levels and the N/L ratios with Hoehn-Yahr stages. When the N/L rates of the Parkinson's patients were correlated with the CRP and the ESR levels separately, it was observed that there was a weak but statistically significant correlation between the CRP and the N/L ratioConclusion: N/L ratio, and CRP levels, which are very important indicators of peripheral inflammation, was higher in PD. Our findings suggest that these biochemical markers may have a predictive value for the diagnosis of PD.