bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Qualidade do serviço e suas consequências: uma análise bibliométrica
Authors: Almeida Geciane Silva , Carneiro Teresa Cristina Janes , Pelissari Anderson Soncini
Published: April 2018

Esta pesquisa investigou as principais consequências da qualidade do serviço (QS) encontradas em artigos internacionais publicados nas bases de dados Emerald, Sage, Scopus, Web of Science e Willey, entre 1980 e 2016. A seleção dos artigos foi realizada seguindo as etapas indicadas pelo método Proknow-C. A pesquisa inicial com as palavras-chave escolhidas apresentou 623 artigos. Após analisar os títulos e resumos, verificou-se que 95 artigos estavam alinhados com o tema da pesquisa. Dentre os 95 artigos, foram selecionados para a etapa de análise sistemática os 22 mais citados e os sete mais recentemente publicados. Foi identificado que os principais consequentes da QS pesquisados são a satisfação, a lealdade, a intenção de comportamento do consumidor e o desempenho financeiro da organização. Há predominância da abordagem quantitativa, associada à técnica de modelagem de equações estruturais para analisar os dados coletados.
Outcome of Mismatch Repair-Deficient Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: The Mayo Clinic Experience
Authors: Jin Zhaohui , Sanhueza Cristobal T. , Johnson Benny , Nagorney David M. , Larson David W. , Mara Kristin C. , Harmsen William C. , Smyrk Thomas C. , Grothey Axel , Hubbard Joleen M.
Published: April 2018

Background

Deficiencies in the DNA mismatch repair system cause errors during DNA replication, which in turn give rise to microsatellite instability (MSI). The impact of MSI on survival in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is unclear. This cohort study aims to investigate the prognostic and predictive value of MSI in mCRC prior to the immune therapy era.

Materials and Methods

A total of 75 MSI-high (MSI-H) mCRC patients (pts) and 75 matched (age, gender, disease sidedness, metachronous/synchronous) microsatellite-stable (MSS) mCRC pts were identified from 1,268 mCRC pts who had MSI/mismatch repair test results at Mayo Clinic Rochester between January 1992 and July 2016. A retrospective review was conducted by using data from electronic medical records. Statistical analyses utilized the Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test, and Cox proportional hazards models.

Results

The MSS group was well matched to the MSI-H group based on age, gender, location, and chronicity of metastatic disease. MSI-H mCRC pts had earlier disease recurrence (median time from initial diagnosis to metastatic disease diagnosis, MSI-H group 12.9 vs. MSS group 20.9 months, p = .034). Median overall survival (OS) was 28.1 and 37.4 months for MSI-H and MSS pts, respectively (p = .99). In total, 94.7% of MSI-H pts and 98.7% of MSS pts had fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy for metastatic disease, and there was no difference in OS between these two groups (32.3 vs. 37.4 months, p = .91). Forty-three MSI-H and thirty-nine MSS pts had metastasectomy and/or ablation of metastases (p = .51) with longer median OS compared with pts without metastasectomy (MSI-H: 82.0 vs. 13.9, p < .001; MSS: 69.9 vs. 19.7, p < .001). Age <65 years, BRAF wild type, and metastasectomy were associated with better OS in univariate analysis. Only metastasectomy remained statistically significant in multivariate analysis (p < .001).

Conclusion

In mCRC, patients with MSI-H tumors have similar, but numerically shorter, median overall survival compared with those with MSS tumors. In both groups, metastasectomy and ablation of metastatic disease should be considered to optimize OS.

Implications for Practice

This study clearly demonstrated the survival benefits that aggressive metastasectomy provides in selected microsatellite instability-high metastatic colorectal cancer patients. This could be meaningful practice-changing information that has been long awaited.
Recent Advances in the Treatment of Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Laribi Kamel , Alani Mustapha , Truong Catherine , Baugier de Materre Alix
Published: April 2018

Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is a heterogeneous group of clinically aggressive diseases associated with poor outcome. Despite progress in the last several years, resulting in a deeper understanding of the natural history and biology of PTCL based on molecular profiling and next-generation sequencing, there is a need for improvement in efficacy of chemotherapeutic regimens for newly diagnosed patients. Treatment in the front-line setting is most often cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) or CHOP-like regimens, which are associated with a high failure rate and frequent relapses. Trials evaluating intensive chemotherapy have resulted in variable success in prolonging event-free survival, but overall survival has remained unchanged. Furthermore, this strategy is limited to patients who are in complete remission after initial anthracycline-based chemotherapy. Many patients are ineligible for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation because of age or failure to achieve remission. For relapsed disease, advances have been made in the therapeutic arsenal for PTCL. New drugs investigated in phase II studies have achieved response rates between 10% and 30%. However, to date the identification of new therapies has been largely empiric, and long-term remissions are the exception to the rule. Current patient outcomes suggest the need for the identification and development of active and biologically rational therapies to improve disease management and to extend the duration of response with iterative biomarker evaluation. This review covers the management of PTCL and focuses on new agents and therapeutic combinations, based on a better understanding of biology and pathogenesis of the disease.

Implications for Practice

Recent progress in understanding of the biology and pathogenesis of peripheral T-cell lymphoma has led to the emergence of new drugs. Unfortunately, this has not been met with similar advances in outcome improvement. Anthracycline-containing regimens, mostly cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP), are considered the standard of care, although the best first-line approach remains to be defined. In the relapsed and refractory settings, several new agents achieved response rates between 10% and 30%, although these drugs do not significantly affect survival rates. Therapeutic options based on better molecular characterization of various histological types and combinations with the CHOP regimen or synergic combinations of new drugs may lead to better outcomes.
Lenalidomide in Pretreated Mantle Cell Lymphoma Patients: An Italian Observational Multicenter Retrospective Study in Daily Clinical Practice (the Lenamant Study)
Authors: Stefoni Vittorio , Pellegrini Cinzia , Broccoli Alessandro , Baldini Luca , Tani Monica , Cencini Emanuele , Figuera Amalia , Ansuinelli Michela , Bernocco Elisa , Cantonetti Maria , Cox Maria Christina , Ballerini Filippo , Rusconi Chiara , Visco Carlo , Arcaini Luca , Fama Angelo , Marasca Roberto , Volpetti Stefano , Castellino Alessia , Califano Catello , Cavaliere Marina , Gini Guido , Liberati Anna Marina , Musuraca Gerardo , Lucania Anna , Ricciuti Giuseppina , Argnani Lisa , Zinzani Pier Luigi
Published: April 2018

Background

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) has the worst prognosis of B-cell subtypes owing to its aggressive clinical disease course and incurability with standard chemo-immunotherapy. Options for relapsed MCL are limited, although several single agents have been studied. Lenalidomide is available in Italy for patients with MCL based on a local disposition of the Italian Drug Agency.

Subjects, Materials, and Methods

An observational retrospective study was conducted in 24 Italian hematology centers with the aim to improve information on effectiveness and safety of lenalidomide use in real practice.

Results

Seventy patients received lenalidomide for 21/28 days with a median of eight cycles. At the end of therapy, there were 22 complete responses (31.4%), 11 partial responses, 6 stable diseases, and 31 progressions, with an overall response rate of 47.1%. Eighteen patients (22.9%) received lenalidomide in combination with either dexamethasone (n = 13) or rituximab (n = 5). Median overall survival (OS) was reached at 33 months and median disease-free survival (DFS) at 20 months: 14/22 patients are in continuous complete response with a median of 26 months. Patients who received lenalidomide alone were compared with patients who received lenalidomide in combination: OS and DFS did not differ. Progression-free survivals are significantly different: at 56 months, 36% in the combination group versus 13% in patients who received lenalidomide alone. Toxicities were manageable, even if 17 of them led to an early drug discontinuation.

Conclusion

Lenalidomide therapy for relapsed MCL patients is effective and tolerable even in a real-life context.

Implication for Practice

Several factors influence treatment choice in relapsed/refractory mantle cell lymphoma (rrMCL), and the therapeutic scenario is continuously evolving. In fact, rrMCL became the first lymphoma for which four novel agents have been approved: temsirolimus, lenalidomide, ibrutinib, and bortezomib. The rrMCL therapeutic algorithm is not so well established because data in the everyday clinical practice are still poor. Lenalidomide for rrMCL patients is effective and tolerable even in a real-life context.
Adjuvant Chemotherapy Seemed Not to Have Survival Benefit in Rectal Cancer Patients with ypTis-2N0 After Preoperative Radiotherapy and Surgery from a Population-Based Propensity Score Analysis
Authors: Hu Xiang , Li Ya-Qi , Li Qing-Guo , Ma Yan-Lei , Peng Jun-Jie , Cai San-Jun
Published: April 2018

Background

Adjuvant chemotherapy is currently offered routinely, as standard, after radical resection for patients with rectal cancer receiving neo-adjuvant chemoradiation. However, the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with ypTis-2N0M0 has not been documented to the same extent, and the survival benefit remained controversial. The purpose of this work was to determine the role of chemotherapy in patients with ypTis-2N0M0 classification.

Materials and Methods

Data were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (n = 4,217). A propensity score model was utilized to balance baseline covariates.

Results

Of the 4,217 included patients, 335 with ypTis-2N0M0 did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy. There were comparable cancer-specific survivals (CSS) between those undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy or not (log-rank test = 0.136, p = .712) in the overall sample. After propensity score matching, the cancer-specific survival did not differ between the chemotherapy and observation groups (log-rank test = 0.089, p = .765). Additionally, the Cox model did not demonstrate adjuvant chemotherapy as the prognostic factor, with hazard ratio = 0.95 (95% confidence interval 0.69–1.32) for CSS. Furthermore, the 10-year cumulative CSS was 78.7% and 79.4% between the chemotherapy and observation groups, indicating no significance, and no impact of adjuvant chemotherapy on survival was observed in different subgroups stratified by T stage, histological grade, histology, lymph nodes, and tumor size.

Conclusion

Patients with ypTis-2N0 rectal cancer did not benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy after preoperative radiology and radical surgery in this cohort study. These results provided new insight into the routine use of adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with rectal cancer with completed neo-adjuvant radiotherapy and curative surgery.
Thesaurus Theoriis Circa Gravitatis et Cetera
Authors: Serpa Nilo
Published: April 2018

Thesaurus Theoriis Circa Gravitatis et Cetera is a compilation subdivided into two chapters, containing the complete research developed during author's post-doctoral period at the Brazilian Center of Physics Research - CBPF, Rio de Janeiro (2016 - 2017). From the heated discussions that took place in a climate of intense knowledge exchange, additions were made to the original text, making it more translucent to the readers.

In the first chapter, the lecture notes related to the Summer Formative Activities -- 2017 were meant to compile the main ideas on gauge field theory and modern cosmology, showing the recent contributions of the author in these areas, especially in classical thermodynamics, supergravity and quantum gravity. Although the author has conducted the work without wishing to exhaust the issues in question, this synthesis provides some essential formal aspects for further studies, with relevant and updated references, as well as indications of classical readings. Special attention was given to author's application of Lyra's geometry, because of its growing importance in quantum cosmology, and to the so-called <>, a model of supergravity developed by the author with the purpose to offer a classical representation for supergravity that could be made compatible with the quantum theory of spacetime also developed by himself. Also in general cosmology, the emphasis was on inhomogeneous models because of the debate that they open on the validity of the standard model. In this sense, the author presented his perturbative formalism of weak gravitational lensing by defining an inhomogeneous cosmological refractive index within a Lemaître-Tolman universe. Lastly, some remarks on Stephani cosmology were organized in order to expose the most significant features of this approach. During the reading, it shall be possible to observe some title marks indicating items of interest, as well as small side texts with outgivings of renowned authors.

In the second chapter, the author expanded the discussion about the quantization of spacetime, previously opened, deepening his phenomenological analysis at the surroundings of supermassive bodies with the aid of the formalism of Green's functions. This approach also opens the way for a broader and dialectical debate on quantum gravity and supergravity, seeking to rescue a physical discourse and not merely the math exercise which has been predominant in some research groups.

The author is immensely grateful to the colleagues and external participants for the contributions and affection with which he was received and from which a community of collaborative studies was formed on the most important topics in modern physics. Special thanks goes to our esteemed Professor Helayël, to whom the author directs his highest respects and wishes for a long and brilliant future.
Advising in Social Work Education: Student and Faculty Perceptions
Authors: Hessenauer Sarah , Guthrie Deanna D'Amico
Published: April 2018

This article discusses the results of a two-phase, mixed-methods study on the advising experience from the perspectives of a bachelor's-level student and an adviser in social work education. Findings indicate how academic advising can be effective, most significantly through the development of a relationship. Advisers did report the advising process is effective; however, more support and training of faculty advisers may be important. Implications for academic advising and education are discussed.
INVESTIGATION OF THE MINERAL COMPONENT AND ORGANIC MATRIX OF BONE TISSUE USING METHODS OF ATOMIC-POWER MICROSCOPY
Authors: Konev V. P. , Moscovskiy S. N. , Shestel I. L. , Shishkina Yu. O. , Korshunov A. S.
Published: April 2018

In this work, for the first time, a set of indicators determining the quality of bone tissue, already sufficiently presented in clinical medical specialties, is proposed. The use of this complex will bring better quality indicators of bone age, allowing more accurate assessment of bone tissue in systemic pathology of connective tissue.
FEATURES OF CLINICAL, EMOTIONAL SPHERE AND HIGHER CORTICAL FUNCTIONS IN PATIENTS WITH HEADACHE ASSOCIATED WITH TRAUMA
Authors: Khokhlova T. Yu. , Dalelova I. L. , Barinov E. H.
Published: April 2018

The status of emotional sphere, cognitive functions and the quality of life was evaluated in 31 patients with paroxysmal and non-paroxysmal cranial prosopalgia of different genesis. The following criteria were used: Depression scale (V.M. Bekhterev Institute of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Recovery Locus of Control, Psychological General Well – Being Index, MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination), Luria test, Shulte test. In different types of prosopalgia it was revealed the presence and various rates of anxiety, depression and cognitive desorders.
THE MECHANISM OF TRAUMA OF A THORAX AT A FRONTAL COLLISION OF А CAR WITH THE CHILD-PEDESTRIAN
Authors: Khokhlov V. V.
Published: April 2018

An analysis of fatal injuries in childhood during frontal collision of cars with a pedestrian child is given. The basic mechanism and nature of injuries in a collision is indicated. The distinctive features of the phases of collision of the protruding parts of the car with the child’s body are considered. The relationship between the age and severity of the injuries of the thorax is established.
DEAR COLLEAGUES!
Authors: Klevno V. A.
Published: April 2018

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A interdisciplinaridade da Ciência da Informação e suas contribuições no estudo do compartilhamento de dados governamentais na Internet
Authors: Moreira Fábio Mosso , Valentim Marta Lígia Pomim , Sant'Ana Ricardo César Gonçalves
Published: April 2018

A internet pode ser considerada uma importante alternativa para viabilizar maior interação entre a administração pública e a sociedade, como, por exemplo, no compartilhamento de bases de dados governamentais. Esse fluxo informacional envolve questões específicas que são alvo de estudos na Ciência da Informação, que apresenta característica interdisciplinar em função da complexidade de seu objeto, da utilização de teorias e metodologias oriundas de outras áreas, e da diversidade de seu corpo científico. A pesquisa objetivou identificar os campos do conhecimento que apresentam interação interdisciplinar com a Ciência da Informação, evidenciar quais deles podem contribuir para o estudo do compartilhamento de dados governamentais na internet e relacionar disciplinas da área com a análise dos aspectos presentes nesse fluxo informacional. Aplicou-se o método Análise de Conteúdo, a partir da coleta de dados nos portais oficiais da Universidade de São Paulo, campus de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade Federal de São Carlos e Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, a fim de identificar a estrutura curricular dos cursos de graduação com enfoque na área de Ciência da Informação no Brasil e analisar seus respectivos planos de ensino. Os resultados indicam quais áreas do conhecimento são interdisciplinares à Ciência da Informação e que podem contribuir com o estudo dos aspectos envolvidos no processo de compartilhamento de dados governamentais na internet. Além disso, destaca, também, quais são as disciplinas que compõem a estrutura dos cursos analisados e que, efetivamente, podem contribuir para o estudo desse fluxo informacional.
Alfredo Kuffó y los usos del pasado: microrelatos de una colección fotográfica
Authors: Calero Larrea Carolina Elizabeth
Published: April 2018

El objetivo de este artículo es reflexionar sobre los usos, circulación y valoración de aquello que oficialmente se conoce como patrimonio documental fotográfico en un caso específico del contexto ecuatoriano. Para ello haré referencia a un grupo de fotografías reunidas por Alfredo Kuffó Anchundia, quien ha recolectado imágenes históricas desde hace aproximadamente 50 años en un pequeño poblado localizado en la costa ecuatoriana. Lo que propongo es que la práctica de este recolector así como el tratamiento particular que ha dado al conjunto de fotografías históricas componen microrelatos subalternos que se oponen a los discursos oficiales en relación a la memoria y el patrimonio en el archivo visual. El enfoque teórico-metodológico que utilizaré viene de los planteamientos de la antropología visual y por lo tanto recurro a la descripción etnográfica y al entendimiento de las fotografías históricas como datos de investigación.
Tras los bastidores de la patrimonialización cultural del fútbol brasilero en siglo XXI
Authors: Tobar Felipe Bertazzo , Gusso Luana Silva de Carvalho
Published: April 2018

Considerado para el 77% de la población brasilera la primera pasión nacional, según investigación del Instituto Brasileiro de Opinião Pública e Estatística publicada en el 2013, el fútbol, desde inicio de la década de 2000, en los tres ámbitos de la Federación, sea a través de Consejos de Patrimonio Cultural o por iniciativa legal, viene siendo centro de una especie de “viralización patrimonial”, en que la práctica del deporte, la selección brasilera, estadios, sedes sociales, equipos, hinchadas, “clásicos” e incluso goles, se convirtieron en objetos de procesos de patrimonialización. Por medio de pesquisa documental (proyectos de leyes y actas administrativas, prensa escrita y sitios electrónicos de hinchas) y asumiendo que la investigación del patrimonio y del deporte debe ir más allá de la exaltación de valores nostálgicos, esto, debido a la posibilidad de caer en reivindicaciones precarias desde el punto de vista de la legitimidad, ya que el patrimonio cada vez más se presenta conflictivo, este artículo pretende poner en evidencia la realidad patrimonial del futbol en Brasil, analizando sus adecuaciones a la legislación y a requisitos patrimoniales. Buscaremos también demostrar las disputas de poder existentes entre agentes de los campos político, económico y futbolístico, que resultan en la manipulación de instrumentos “patrimonializadores” para ganar capitales simbólicos y atender intereses privados, que al final suelen resultar en la prórroga de deudas, influencias en la valorización de propiedades de los clubes, acumulación de votos en periodos electorales, entre otros beneficios.
Experiência de Formação Superior no Grupo PET INTERCULTURAL
Authors: Barbosa Lucirene Bento
Published: April 2018

A Universidade me trouxe várias oportunidades, o Instituto Insikiran é uma unidade acadêmica que veio para nortear o estudante indígena, para somar no seus conhecimentos para a vida profissional.
Corpos que bebem, dançam e trabalham juntos: entre os ritmos da festa e do trabalho coletivo nos Andes peruanos
Authors: Caballero Indira Viana
Published: April 2018

Em Andamarca, uma comunidad camponesa dos Andes peruanos, as festas e o trabalho coletivo consistem em momentos de grande importância, propícios para compartilhar comidas, bebidas e esforços. O trabalho coletivo é empregado na construção de casas de adobe, limpeza e construção de canais de irrigação, caminhos e estradas. Para os andamarquinos, a realização de atividades em equipes cria uma dinâmica capaz de proporcionar uma espécie de competição positiva, além da manutenção e geração de vínculos enquanto todos estão determinados a alcançar um objetivo comum. A divisão em grupos gera ánimo, isto é, a força e a disposição necessárias para realizar atividades consideradas duras e pesadas. Para que tal força não se acabe, durante o trabalho é feita uma distribuição de substâncias que também produzem ánimo como bebidas alcoólicas e folhas de coca. O mesmo sucede nas festas, momentos em que a distribuição e o consumo de bebidas alcoólicas são fundamentais para fazer os participantes dançar, para gerar alegria e vontade de gozar, enfim, para criar uma determinada atmosfera ou ambiente característico dos momentos de celebração. Com base numa pesquisa etnográfica, este texto propõe uma breve comparação entre as festas e o trabalho coletivo, mostrando aproximações e diferenças entre esses dois movimentos, tendo em vista que o compartilhamento de esforços e de substâncias são meios fundamentais para alcançar a constituição de coletivos em ambos os momentos. Ademais, os dois movimentos implicam transformações de ordem corporal e subjetiva a ponto de moldarem não só o corpo mas também a pessoa andamarquina.
The Impacts of Competence, Work Motivation, Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment on Lecturers’ Performance
Authors: Gani H. Mursalim Umar , Nur Muhammad , Mallongi H. Syahrir , Rusjdin H.
Published: April 2018

This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of the competence, motivation and job satisfaction and organizational commitment of lecturer’s performance. Research was conducted in private Islamic university in Makassar. The population in this research is the foundation of the entire faculty as many as 1,264 people using Slovin formula samples were obtained 176 respondents. Data were analyzed using the Structural Equation Model using AMOS aid 18. The results prove that the competence and no significant negative effect on lecturers commitment. The other variables effect shows that between work motivation and job satisfaction positive and significant impact on organizational commitment. At the end found that the competence, motivation, job satisfaction and organizational commitment has a positive significant effect on the lecturer’s performance.
Health Care Utilization and Expenditures of Homeless Family Members Before and After Emergency Housing
Authors: Clark Robin E. , Weinreb Linda , Flahive Julie M. , Seifert Robert W.
Published: April 2018

Objectives. To describe longitudinal health service utilization and expenditures for homeless family members before and after entering an emergency shelter.

Methods. We linked Massachusetts emergency housing assistance data with Medicaid claims between July 2008 and June 2015, constructing episodes of health care 12 months before and 12 months after families entered a shelter. We modeled emergency department visits, hospital admissions, and expenditures over the 24-month period separately for children and adults.

Results. Emergency department visits, hospital admissions, and expenditures rose steadily before shelter entry and declined gradually afterward, ending, in most cases, near the starting point. Infants, pregnant women, and individuals with depression, anxiety, or substance use disorder had significantly higher rates of all outcomes. Many children’s emergency department visits were potentially preventable.

Conclusions. Increased service utilization and expenditures begin months before families become homeless and are potentially preventable with early intervention. Infants are at greater risk.

Public Health Implications. Early identification and intervention to prevent homeless episodes, focusing on family members with behavioral health disorders, who are pregnant, or who have young children, may save money and improve family health.
Islamophobia, Health, and Public Health: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Samari Goleen , Alcalá Héctor E. , Sharif Mienah Zulfacar
Published: April 2018

Background. In 2017, a “Muslim ban” on immigrants to the United States was coupled with a continued rise in Islamophobia and hate crimes toward Muslims. Islamophobia undermines health equity, yet delineating the effects of Islamophobia globally is challenging as it affects a myriad of groups (geographically, racially, and socially). Additionally, stereotypes equate all Muslims with populations from the Middle East and South Asia. To date, health research pays insufficient attention to Islamophobia, Muslims, and those racialized to be Muslim.

Objectives. This literature review advances our understanding of racism and health by examining the racialization of religion, by specifically examining Islamophobia as a form of discrimination.

Search Methods. Per PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a search in October 2017 using PubMed–MEDLINE and a combination of terms. We identified additional articles using other search engines. For inclusion, articles needed to include a descriptor of discrimination, contain an identifier of Muslim or Muslim-like identity (i.e., groups commonly perceived as Muslim, including Arabs, Middle Easterners, North Africans, and South Asians), include a health outcome, be in English, and be published between 1990 and 2017.

Selection Criteria. We identified 111 unique peer-reviewed articles. We excluded articles that did not meet the following criteria: (1) examined Islamophobia, discrimination, or racism among a Muslim or Muslim-like population; (2) included a health outcome or discussion of health disparities; and (3) was conducted in North America, Europe, Australia, or New Zealand. This yielded 53 articles.

Results. The majority of studies (n = 34; 64%) were quantitative. The remaining studies were qualitative (n = 7; 13%), mixed methods (n = 2; 4%), or reviews (n = 10; 19%). Most studies were based in the United States (n = 31; 58%). Nearly half of the reviewed studies examined mental health (n = 24; 45%), and one fourth examined physical health or health behaviors (n = 13; 25%). Others focused on both physical and mental health (n = 10; 19%) or health care seeking (n = 7; 13%). Studies showed associations between Islamophobia and poor mental health, suboptimal health behaviors, and unfavorable health care–seeking behaviors.

Conclusions. This study elucidates the associations between Islamophobia, health, and socioecological determinants of health. Future studies should examine the intersectional nature of Islamophobia and include validated measures, representative samples, subgroup analyses, and comparison groups. More methodologically rigorous studies of Islamophobia and health are needed.

Public Health Implications. Addressing the discrimination-related poor health that Muslims and racialized Muslim-like subgroups experience is central to the goals of health equity and assurance of the fundamental right to health.
Adjusting Suicide Rates in a Military Population: Methods to Determine the Appropriate Standard Population
Authors: Watkins Eren Youmans , Spiess Anita , Abdul-Rahman Ihsan , Hill Christopher , Gibson Nkechinyere , Nichols Jerrica , McLeod Vanessa , Johnson Latoya , Mitchell Trevor , Pecko Joseph Anton , Cox Kenneth
Published: April 2018

The choice of the standard population is important when calculating adjusted rates for a military population: results can influence policies and funding allocations for programs and initiatives for suicide prevention.

We describe the methodological considerations and decision-making process used in choosing a standard population for adjusting rates to compare suicide among US Army soldiers and the general US population. We examined 5 different standard populations, using the direct method to adjust annual suicide rates for the Army and the US population, 2004 to 2015, for age and for age and sex.

The pattern of the Army and US population age- and sex-adjusted rates remained consistent with crude rates when adjusted to any of the Army standard population distributions. Using an Army distribution as the standard population produces suicide rates consistent with routine messaging about suicide trends among Army soldiers.
Restoration of External Rotation Following Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty without Latissimus Dorsi Transfer
Authors: Berglund Derek D. , Rosas Samuel , Triplet Jacob J. , Kurowicki Jennifer , Horn Brandon , Levy Jonathan C.
Published: April 2018

Background:

Latissimus dorsi transfers have been considered necessary to restore active external rotation following reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA). The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of an RSA system that lateralizes the center of rotation in restoring active external rotation without a latissimus dorsi transfer in patients with a preoperative external rotation deficit (external rotation of <0°).

Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients who had undergone RSA with a lateralized center of rotation without a latissimus dorsi transfer. All patients had had a preoperative external rotation deficit (active external rotation of <0°), and all were followed for a minimum of 2 years. Patients were stratified into 2 groups on the basis of the preoperative diagnosis: (1) those with a combined loss of active elevation and external rotation as a result of rotator cuff tear arthropathy (CLEER group) and (2) those with a combined loss of active elevation and external rotation as a result of other posttraumatic etiologies (non-CLEER group). The mean improvement of external rotation was analyzed. Subgroup analysis was performed on the basis of the Goutallier classification, glenosphere lateralization, and total prosthetic lateralization.

Results:

Thirty-three patients (24 in the CLEER group and 9 in the non-CLEER group) met the inclusion criteria. The average follow-up was 43.4 months (range, 24 to 77 months). External rotation improved significantly in both the CLEER group (from −21° preoperatively to 28° postoperatively; p < 0.001) and the non-CLEER group (from −19° preoperatively to 26° postoperatively; p = 0.001). Goutallier classification, glenosphere lateralization, and total prosthetic lateralization were not correlated with the degree of improvement of external rotation in either group (p > 0.05 for all).

Conclusions:

RSA with a lateralized center of rotation can effectively restore external rotation without the use of a latissimus dorsi transfer in patients with a preoperative external rotation deficit as a result of rotator cuff arthropathy or other posttraumatic etiologies.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Weed Species Richness and Density following Repeated Use of Glyphosate in Four Fields in North Carolina
Authors: Jordan David L. , York Alan C.
Published: April 2018

Core Ideas

Long‐term use of glyphosate can reduce weed species richness.

Long‐term use of glyphosate can select for resistant biotypes.

Impact of continuous use of glyphosate depends on weed species.
Comparing Methods for Measuring Water Retention of Peat Near Permanent Wilting Point
Authors: Bechtold Michel , Dettmann Ullrich , Wöhl Lena , Durner Wolfgang , Piayda Arndt , Tiemeyer Bärbel
Published: April 2018

Core Ideas

Properties of peat and mineral soils are very different.

Laboratory methods for hydraulic properties often tested only for mineral soils.

Shrinkage and hydrophobicity of peat may cause inaccuracies.

Pressure plate apparatus provides reliable data despite shrinkage.

Observed long‐lasting repellency effects prohibit protocols based on previously dried samples.

Peat soils shrink and become very hydrophobic when dried. Both properties may cause inaccuracies when applying laboratory methods for soil hydraulic properties that have been developed and tested for mineral soils. This study aimed to compare different methods for the determination of the water retention of peat soils near permanent wilting point (pF 3.5 to 4.2). Three common methods were tested: two pressure apparatus (ceramic plate [Soilmoisture] vs. membrane [Eijkelkamp]) and a dew‐point potentiameter (WP4C, Decagon Devices, Inc.), which is based on the equilibrium of soil water potential with air humidity. We used both field‐moist peat samples and samples that had been rewetted after oven‐drying. We found that there was no systematic difference between the two pressure apparatus. Low moisture variability among replicates and dew‐point potentiameter measurements that indicated a drainage to pF 4.2 support the use of pressure apparatus for the determination of water retention near permanent wilting point. Despite a rewetting time of 2 wk including periodic mixing, rewetted oven‐dried samples showed lower soil moistures at pF 3.5 and 4.2 than field‐moist ones. This severe and long‐lasting hysteresis effect was strongest for less decomposed peat samples. Thus, field‐moist samples should be used. This makes the classical dew‐point potentiameter measurement protocol, which is based on defined water additions to oven‐dried samples, unsuitable for peat samples.
Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics beneath Impervious Surfaces
Authors: Majidzadeh Hamed , Lockaby B. Graeme , Price Robert , Governo Robin
Published: April 2018

Core Ideas

Carbon loss from soil beneath impervious surfaces would not exceed 1.92 Pg globally.

Net nitrogen mineralization rates beneath impervious surfaces were primarily related to nitrification.

Temporally, nitrate accumulation was evident beneath impervious surfaces.

Soil microbial biomass carbon was the key factor affecting soil carbon beneath the concrete slabs.

Soil carbon beneath homes was positively related to soil volumetric water content.

Soil sealing by impervious surfaces is a major disturbance caused by urbanization and has been shown to reduce soil carbon and nitrogen significantly. However, the degree to which these changes are driven by the initial disturbance (i.e., top soil removal) or post‐construction processes is not clear. A controlled field study consisting of three treatments including concrete slab (SLB), home with crawl space (CRW), and control (CNT) was conducted to monitor changes in soil properties immediately after sealing and over a 15‐mo time frame. At depth 10 to 20 cm (first layer beneath the concrete slab) soil carbon decreased by 30.4% (±3.4%) from 2.3 (±0.4) kg m–2 at Month 0 to 1.57 (±0.36) kg m–2 at the end of experiment with a rate of 0.04 (±0.01) kg m–2 per month (p = 0.001, F1,7 = 9.27). At this depth soil, carbon and nitrogen fluctuated seasonally at CRW and CNT plots. At depth 20 to 30 cm, the soil carbon beneath the CRW (1.14 ± 0.21 kg m–2) was higher than that beneath the SLB (0.93 ± 0.23 kg m–2, p = 0.01, F2,23 = 5.26), suggesting that partially permeable impervious surfaces such as CRW can support limited inputs of carbon and organic matter. In addition to carbon and nitrogen, temporal changes of microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen mineralization rates were also monitored. Nitrogen mineralization rates also decreased below impervious surfaces as evidenced by zero net ammonium production rate. However, a significant increase in mineralization rates was observed in warm periods of the year beneath SLB treatments.
The origin and risks associated with loose deposits in a drinking water distribution system
Authors: Mussared Amanda , Fabris Rolando , Vreeburg Jan , Jelbart Jenny , Drikas Mary
Published: April 2018

Sediment accumulates in distribution systems over time, and can potentially result in dirty water events. The primary origin of these particles in most networks has not been examined. Controlled sediment resuspension (flushing) events were performed at 10 sites in a drinking water distribution system and repeated six months later to observe redeposition. Different patterns of sediment deposition observed are suspected to be related to particle origin. A large proportion of pipe sediment resuspended during the first flushing event was composed of iron, most likely arising from corrosion of distribution system infrastructure. This sediment appears to play a role in sheltering microbial cells from secondary disinfection. In this study, a source of particles was identified that may provide an alternate explanation for the presence of iron deposits in systems not dominated by iron pipework.
Functional Neuroimaging Biomarkers in Migraine: Diagnostic, Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications
Authors: Russo Antonio , Silvestro Marcello , Tessitore Alessandro , Tedeschi Gioacchino
Published: April 2018

Background:

In current migraine clinical practice, conventional neuroimaging examinations
are often sought to exclude possible causes of secondary headaches or migraineassociated
disorders. Contrariwise, although advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
has improved tremendously our understanding of human brain processes in migraine patients,
to the state of the art they have not superseded the conventional neuroimaging techniques in
the migraine clinical setting.

Methods:

A comprehensive review was conducted of PubMed citations by entering the
keyword “marker” and/or “biomarker” combined with “migraine” and/or “headache”. Other
keywords included “imaging” or “neuroimaging”, “structural” or “functional”. The only restriction
was English-language publication. The abstracts of all articles meeting these criteria
were reviewed, and the full text was retrieved and examined for relevant references.

Results:

Several authors tried to identify imaging biomarkers able to identify different migraine
phenotypes or, even better, to follow-up the same migraine patients during the course
of the disease, to predict the evolution into more severe phenotypes and, finally, the response
to specific treatment.

Conclusion:

The identification of diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic advanced neuroimaging
biomarkers in the migraine clinical setting, in order to approach to patients in a more
and more rational and “tailored” way, is extremely intriguing and futuristic. Unfortunately,
reliable and robust neuroimaging biomarkers are still lacking for migraine, probably due to
both not completely understood pathogenesis and clinical and neuroimaging heterogeneity.
Although further longitudinal advanced neuroimaging studies, aimed to identify effective
neuroimaging biomarkers, are needed, this review aims to collect the main and most recent
works on this topic.
The Effects of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Lipid Profiles Among Patients with Metabolic Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Sharifi Nasrin , Tabrizi Reza , Moosazadeh Mahmood , Mirhosseini Naghmeh , Lankarani Kamran B. , Akbari Maryam , Chamani Maryam , Kolahdooz Fariba , Asemi Zatollah
Published: April 2018

Background and objective: Oxidative stress and inflammation are key parameters in developing metabolic
disorders. Hence, antioxidant intake might be an appropriate approach. Several studies have evaluated the
effect of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) supplementation on lipid profile among patients with metabolic diseases,
though findings are controversial. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the
effects of CoQ10 supplementation on lipid profile in patients with metabolic disorders.

Methods:

We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases until July 2017.
Prospective clinical trials were selected assessing the effect of CoQ10 supplementation on different biomarkers.
Two reviewers independently assessed the eligibility of studies, extracted data, and evaluated the risk of bias of
included studies. A fixed- or random-effects model was used to pool the data, which expressed as a standardized
mean difference with 95% confidence interval. Heterogeneity was measured using a Q-test and with I2 statistics.

Results:

A total of twenty-one controlled trials (514 patients and 525 controls) were included. The meta-analysis
indicated a significant reduction in serum triglycerides levels (SMD -0.28; 95% CI, -0.56, -0.005). CoQ10 supplementation
also decreased total-cholesterol (SMD -0.07; 95% CI, -0.45, 0.31), increased LDL- (SMD 0.04;
95% CI, -0.27, 0.36), and HDL-cholesterol levels (SMD 0.10; 95% CI, -0.32, 0.51), not statistically significant.

Conclusion:

CoQ10 supplementation may significantly reduce serum triglycerides levels, and help to improve
lipid profiles in patients with metabolic disorders. Additional prospective studies are recommended using higher
supplementation doses and longer intervention period.
Changes in Speech Chunking in Reading Aloud is a Marker of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Mild-to-Moderate Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: De Looze Celine , Kelly Finnian , Crosby Lisa , Vourdanou Aisling , Coen Robert F. , Walsh Cathal , Lawlor Brian A. , Reilly Richard B.
Published: April 2018

Background:

Speech and Language Impairments, generally attributed to lexico-semantic
deficits, have been documented in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD).
This study investigates the temporal organisation of speech (reflective of speech production planning) in
reading aloud in relation to cognitive impairment, particularly working memory and attention deficits in
MCI and AD. The discriminative ability of temporal features extracted from a newly designed read
speech task is also evaluated for the detection of MCI and AD.

Method:

Sixteen patients with MCI, eighteen patients with mild-to-moderate AD and thirty-six healthy
controls (HC) underwent a battery of neuropsychological tests and read a set of sentences varying in
cognitive load, probed by manipulating sentence length and syntactic complexity.

Results:

Our results show that Mild-to-Moderate AD is associated with a general slowness of speech,
attributed to a higher number of speech chunks, silent pauses and dysfluences, and slower speech and
articulation rates. Speech chunking in the context of high cognitive-linguistic demand appears to be an
informative marker of MCI, specifically related to early deficits in working memory and attention. In
addition, Linear Discriminant Analysis shows the ROC AUCs (Areas Under the Receiver Operating
Characteristic Curves) of identifying MCI vs. HC, MCI vs. AD and AD vs. HC using these speech characteristics
are 0.75, 0.90 and 0.94 respectively.

Conclusion:

The implementation of connected speech-based technologies in clinical and community
settings may provide additional information for the early detection of MCI and AD.
Biopharmaceutical Potential of Selegiline Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles in the Management of Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Rukmangathen Rajalakshmi , Yallamalli Indira Muzib , Yalavarthi Prasanna Raju
Published: April 2018

Background:

Selegiline hydrochloride, a hydrophilic anti-Parkinson’ moiety, undergoes extensive
first-pass metabolism and has low bioavailability. A process to obtain of selegiline (SH) loaded chitosan
nanoparticles was attempted to circumvent the above problem, through intranasal delivery.

Methods:

SH loaded polymeric nanoparticles were prepared by ionic gelation of chitosan with
tripolyphosphate, and stabilized by tween 80/ poloxamer 188. The resulting nanoparticles (NPs) were
characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, entrapment
efficiency, particle size, zeta potential and surface morphology by scanning electron microscopy. Further, they
were schematically evaluated for mucoadhesive strength, in-vitro drug release, release kinetics,
pharmacokinetics, catalepsy, akinesia, in-vivo lipid peroxidation, nitrite levels, glutathione, catalase enzyme
levels in brain and physicochemical stability parameters.

Results:

Selegiline nanoparticles (SP18) produced were in size of 63.1 nm, polydispersity index of 0.201, zeta
potential of +35.2 mV, mucoadhesion of 65.4% and entrapment efficiency of 74.77%. Selegiline showed biphasic
release from nanoparticles, over a period of 36 h, with Fickian diffusion controlled release profile. Maximum
concentration of SH in plasma was recognized as 52.71 ng/ml at 2 h for SP18, 20.09 ng/ml at 1 h for marketed
formulation, and 21.69 ng/ ml for drug solution. SH loaded NPs showed a reversive effect in catalepsy and akinesia
behaviour. This effect was especially pronounced in rats receiving SH loaded CS-NPs. Significant decrease in lipid
peroxidation and nitrite concentration; increase in reduced glutathione and catalase enzyme levels were obtained
due to antioxidant characteristics of SH, which turned to be useful to treat Parkinson’s disease.

Conclusion:

Selegiline loaded chitosan nanoparticles form an effective non-invasive drug delivery
system of direct nose to brain targeting in Parkinson’s disease.
Öğretmenlik Mesleği İş Özellikleri Ölçeğinin (ÖMİÖÖ) Geliştirilmesi: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: Polat ŞULE , Özdemir Murat
Published: April 2018

Bu çalışmanın amacı,
öğretmenlik mesleğinin iş özelliklerini, öğretmen görüşlerine göre incelemeye
elverişli bir ölçek geliştirmektir. Ölçeğin geliştirilmesi sürecinde Hackman ve
Oldham’ın iş özellikleri modeli esas alınarak öğretmenlik mesleğine uygun bir
madde havuzu oluşturulmuş, ardından kapsam geçerliği için uzman görüşüne
başvurulmuştur. Kapsam geçerliği çalışması sonrasına son hali verilen taslak
ölçek, Ankara ilinde yer alan resmi ortaöğretim kurumlarında görevli 413
öğretmene uygulanmıştır. Katılımcılardan toplanan ölçekler üzerinde açımlayıcı
faktör analizi (AFA) ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) uygulanarak, ölçeğin
faktör yapısı incelenmiştir. Ölçeğin güvenirliği ise Cronbach alfa katsayısı
ile değerlendirilmiştir. AFA ve DFA sonrasında Öğretmenlik Mesleği İş
Özellikleri Ölçeğinin (ÖMİÖÖ) 35 maddeli ve beş faktör yapısında geçerli bir
ölçek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Cronbach alfa katsayısı hesaplamaları ise
ÖMİÖÖ’nün güvenilir bir ölçek olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bu bulgulara dayalı
olarak ÖMİÖÖ’nün geçerlik ve güvenilir bir veri toplama aracı olduğu sonucuna
ulaşılmıştır.