bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Imitation model of unbalanced rotor on fluid-film bearings
Authors: Babin Alexander , Polyakov Roman
Published: June 2020

Diagnostics of rotating machines is taking a new step forward with the development of intellectual technologies based on predictive and machine learning tools. Despite having a range of advantages compared to humans in terms of big data processing powers, correlation and various feature extraction possibilities, and swiftness of operation, such systems are limited by measurement system elements in terms of their parameters: sensors and ADCs with their sensitivity properties and accuracy restrictions, microprocessors with limitation of processing powers, etc. Experimental data is used to recreate experimental environment in simulation of induced unbalance. The imitation model is based on rotor dynamics equations of rotor motion, Reynolds equation to estimate reaction forces of a fluid-film bearing and takes into account sensor parameters and position, gear coupling effect and other measurement system elements parameters. The results show that under certain conditions it becomes impossible to successfully track unbalance which in real conditions could lead to malfunction or failure of a rotor machine.
Strength characteristic determination of a flat wagon carrying structure with a lower centre of gravity
Authors: Fomin Oleksij , Lovska Alyona , Píštěk Václav , Kučera Pavel
Published: June 2020

The study deals with application of flat wagons with lower centre of gravity for transportation of heavy containers and military equipment. A special feature of the wagon structure is the presence of swivel sectors, which are made of composite material. The wagon structure makes it possible to conduct fire by military equipment in motion. The results of determination of the dynamic load for a flat wagon in shunting impacts are presented. The authors defined the basic strength characteristics of the carrying structure of a flat wagon. The calculation was conducted with the finite element method in CosmosWorks software. The results of the calculation proved the efficiency of the solutions taken. The study also presents the fatigue calculation for the carrying structure of a flat wagon designed. The research may encourage engineers to design the unified carrying structures of flat wagons, and improve the rail transport efficiency.
Coulomb crystal splitting effect in a linear electrodynamic trap
Authors: Kokorina Olga , Rybin Vadim , Rudyi Semyon
Published: June 2020

We consider a simple model of charged microparticles trapped in an electrodynamic field and interacting according to Coulomb forces. We reveal a bifurcation of the stable equilibrium point depending on the system parameters. Mathematical modelling of charged particles localization in a linear electrodynamic trap was implemented and effective potential splitting was demonstrated. The obtained splitting of Coulomb crystal corresponds to the experimental results.
Nondestructive microparticle analysis method
Authors: Rybin Vadim , Rudyi Semyon , Kokorina Olga
Published: June 2020

We present a study of the nonlinear dynamics of charged microparticles in a linear electrodynamic trap at normal pressure and temperature. In this work, will be considered a mathematical modeling of the nonlinear dynamics of a microparticle under viscous friction conditions, as well as experimental confirmation of theoretical results. Based on theoretical and experimental findings, we propose an innovative method for determining charge, mass and size of a certain microparticle localized in the linear electrodynamic trap.
Development of the theory of vibratory injection of gas into liquid
Authors: Demidov Ivan , Mikhailova Nadezhda , Yasinskaya Alexandra , Samukov Alexander
Published: June 2020

The article covers the development of the theory of vibratory injection of gases into liquids. On the basis of experimental data the phenomena observed during bubble formation have been explained and a theory that reliably predicts the parameters of vibratory injection of a gas into a liquid at the acceleration parameter not exceeding 4g has been suggested. Vibroinjection modeling using the boundary integral method allows predicting the final bubble sizes and the actual gas flow for vibratory injection. The results of numerical simulations are in good agreement with the experiment.
Stochastic model of the stroke of a two-mass cone crusher
Authors: Morozov Petr , Miheev Serge
Published: June 2020

The mode of a two-mass cone crusher at the approaches to one of the Sommerfeld thresholds is considered. Frequency close to this threshold from low side provides the most efficient energy transfer from the unbalance to the crusher body. However, the stochastic model of crushing shows the possibility of breakdown such mode even after a very long stay on it. The process can be stabilized by introducing a simple control into the system with an input signal from the unbalance tachometer.
Energy consumption in the manufacture of metal powders by vibratory disintegration methods
Authors: Samukov Alexander , Cherkasova Margarita , Rzhankova Nadezhda , Dmitriev Sergey
Published: June 2020

The results obtained in comparative vibratory disintegration studies of alloy metal chips are presented. The specific performance and energy consumption indicators are established. The paper assesses the influence of the level of vibration exposure on the material crushed in a KID vibratory crusher and on the efficiency of its subsequent grinding in a vibrating mill.
Vibration effects on colloidal three-phase systems
Authors: Gerasimov Andrei , Eremina Olga , Lazareva Victoria , Yasinskaya Alexandra
Published: June 2020

Flotation and foam separation processes are used in the beneficiation of ores containing layered silicates. The difficulties that arise with such beneficiation can complicate the overall concentration process. It is important that the process of flotation and foam separation occur under conditions of initiated or simultaneously imposed vibration. Such vibration can affect the behavior of the suspension (negatively or positively). Studying the vibration parameters applied to the suspension can help solve technological problems that arise during the concentration of ores containing layered silicates. In the present work, the behavior of a three-phase colloidal system under conditions of oscillation of a vessel with an external vibration exciter is studied.
Machine learning for rotating machines: simulation, diagnosis and control
Authors: Kornaev Alexey , Savin Leonid , Kornaev Nickolay , Zaretsky Roman , Kornaeva Elena , Babin Alexander , Stebakov Ivan
Published: June 2020

The goal of this work is association of several machine learning methods in a study of rotating machines with fluid-film bearings. A fitting method is applied to fit a non-linear reaction force in a bearing and solve a rotor dynamics problem. The solution in the form of a simulation model of a rotor machine has become a part of a control system based on reinforcement learning and the policy gradient method. Experimental part of the paper deals with a pattern recognition and fault diagnosis problem. All the methods are effective and accurate enough.
Tarihi Çevrede Yeni Yapı Tasarımının Müze İşlevi Özelinde Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Arslan Hatice Derya , Orhan Ş. Büşra , Dişli Gülşen
Published: June 2020

Sosyal, ekonomik ve kültürel açıdan yaşanan değişimler, değişen
ihtiyaçlar, nüfus artışı gibi çeşitli etkenler tarihi çevrede yeni yapıların
yapılmasını zorunlu kılmıştır. Bu bağlamda tarihi çevrede yeni yapı tasarımı
korumacılık olgusunun ortaya çıkışından bu yana sürekli tartışılan bir konu
olmuştur. Özellikle mevcut dokuya uygun olmayan yeni yapıların yapılması tarihi
çevreyi büyük oranda tahrip etmiş, var olan değerler yok olma tehlikesi ile
karşı karşıya kalmıştır. Bütün bunların bir sonucu olarak tarihi çevrede yeni
yapı konusunda uluslararası tüzükler, bildirgeler, ilkeler yayınlanmış, çeşitli
ülkeler konu ile ilgili standartlar oluşturmuştur. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye
ve Avrupa’dan toplam beş adet tarihi çevrede yapılan yeni müze yapısı;
tasarımsal başarısı ile içinde bulunduğu tarihi dokuyla olan ilişkisi ve uyumu
açısından, uluslararası tüzük, bildirge, ilke ve standartların yol
göstericiliğinde değerlendirilmiştir.  Bahse konu standartlarda tarihi
çevrede yeni yapı ilkeleri araştırılmış ve ilgili maddelerin değerlendirilmesi
ile tarihi bölgelerde yapılan müzelerin bu standartlara olan uygunluğunun
tespiti amaçlanmıştır. İncelenen müze yapılarında tasarım yaklaşımı olarak
geleneksele öykünme, saygılı yaklaşım ve kontrast oluşturacak şekilde farklı
tasarım yaklaşımlarının olduğu gözlenmiştir. Her üç yaklaşımla da yapılan
tarihi çevrede tasarlanan yeni müze yapılarının araştırma kapsamında incelenen
uluslararası standartlar doğrultusunda belirlenen değerlendirme kriterlerine
uygun olduğu değerlendirilmiştir.
“Öznel Karşıtlık” Formülasyonu ve Animasyon Sinemasında Uyarlama
Authors: Akyürek Yahya Özkan , Taş Alicenap Çiğdem
Published: June 2020

Gerçeklikiğin
bağlarından özgür yapısı ile, hayali dünyaların ve soyut anlatıların
görselleştirilmesinde eşsiz olanaklar sunan animasyon sineması, edebi
metinlerin uyarlanmasında yüksek potansiyele sahiptir. Dünya’da bu
potansiyelden faydalanarak, seyirci ve eleştirmenlerden olumlu tepkiler alan,
edebi metinlerden uyarlanan pek çok animasyon film üretilmiş ve üretilmeye
devam edilmektedir.  Ancak mevcut hayran
kitlesi ile gişe başarısını kolaylaştıran bu yöntem ile animasyon üretilmesine
Türkiye’de yeterince ilgi gösterilmediği gözlemlenmektedir. Ayrıca bu türdeki
animasyon filmlerin dünyadaki örnekleri ile kıyaslandığında benzer başarıları
yakaladıklarını söylemek güçtür.

Bu
makalede, Paul Wells’in uyarlama animasyon filmlerin eleştiri ve analizi için
oluşturduğu “Öznel Karşıtlık” formülasyonu temel alınarak başarılı bulunan 2
yabancı uyarlama animasyon film ve 1 Türk uyarlama animasyon filmi analiz
edilmiştir. Böylelikle bu filmlerin aralarındaki farklılaşmalar ortaya
konularak, Türkiye’de gelecekte üretilecek uyarlama animasyon filmlere fayda
sağlayacak çıkarımlar elde edilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Anadolu Selçuklu Sanatında Ab-ı Hayat Sembolizmi
Authors: Çoraklı Başak
Published: June 2020

En eski çağlardan başlayarak ölümlülüğünü bilen ve ölüm acısını tadan insanlığın en büyük arzusu ebedi hayata kavuşmak olmuştur. Bu nedenle çeşitli kültür ve inanç sistemlerinde, mitler ve efsanelerde ölümsüzlük ya da gençlik veren ab-ı hayat temalı anlatılar oluşmuştur. İçeni ebedi hayata kavuşturduğuna inanılan bu efsanevi su, hayat suyu, bengisu, gençlik çeşmesi, hayat kaynağı gibi çeşitli isimlerle anılmıştır.

Hayat suyunun mitler, efsaneler, edebi eserler ve hadis kaynaklarındaki anlatılarına kısaca değinileceği bu makalenin ana noktasını, Anadolu Selçuklu çini sanatında karşımıza çıkan az sayıdaki ab-ı hayat sembolizmi içeren temaların kompozisyon ve ikonografik açıdan incelenmesi oluşturmaktadır. Ab-ı hayat içeren kadeh, vazo veya kantharos tipi kapların yer aldığı farklı ikonografi ve kompozisyonlarda karşımıza çıkan çini örnekleri dönemin taş eserlerindeki örnekleri ile birlikte ele alınarak temanın kültürel etkileşimleri ve ikonografik seyri açısından değerlendirilecektir.
Toplumsal Bellek ve Kimlik Amerikan Figüratif Resmine Bir Bakış
Authors: Aslan Engin
Published: June 2020

Amerikan toplumsal yaşam normlarının, birey üzerinde yarattığı etnik, kültürel ve sosyal etkinin, ilk bakışta, açık göstergelerde görünmeyen; ancak toplumsal yaşamının kodlarına inildiğinde, “görünen” ile “gerçeklik” arasındaki boşluğa odaklanarak, sanatlarını bu yönde biçimleyen Victor Arnautoff’dan Kara Walker’a değin birçok Amerikan figüratif resim sanatçısı vardır. Söz konusu sanatçılar, yaşadıkları toplumun, ötekileştirdiği bireylerin, sosyal grupların ya da daha geniş halk kitlelerinin, hem resmi politikalarla hem de ekonomik temelli ayrışmaları bağlamında, toplumsal belleğe kazınmış stereotiplerin “kimlik sorunsalı” olarak, özellikle 1930’lu yıllardan günümüze değin Amerika’nın sosyo-politik kültür göstergelerinde beliren, kronik bir olgu haline dönüşmüştür. Bu bağlamda, Amerikan modern sanatının, Avrupa kökenli ana akım (Soyut Dışavurumcu), sanat mecrasının dışında hareket eden, kimi sanatçılar, Amerikan figüratif sanatın tarihsel koşulları bağlamında, toplumsal bellek katmanlarını oluşturan; ırk (soy), cinsiyet ve şiddet gibi olgular üzerinden giderek, sanat yaratımlarının (üretici etkinlik), düşünsel ve biçimsel eylem alanları olarak algılamaktadırlar.
Bu makalede, sanat yaratımlarının, insanı sarsan ve insan zihnin derinliklerinde iz bırakan imgelerin biçimlendiği; düşünce, politik sanat nosyonu, toplumsal bellek ve kimlik bağlamında, seçilmiş kimi 20. yüzyıl Amerikan figüratif resim sanatı alanında yaratımlarda bulunan sanatçıların, bazı yapıtları ele alınarak tartışılmıştır.
Dijital Çağda Güncel Bir Anlam Üretim Mecrası Olarak Reklamcılıkta Kullanılan Fotoğraflar
Authors: Gülaçtı İsmail Erim
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışma içinde bulunduğumuz dijital çağda fotoğraf ve reklam ilişkisini temel alır. Bu kapsamda fotoğrafın reklamlarda markaların gerçekleştirmek istediği satış ve olumlu imaja hizmet etmek için nasıl kullanıldığı incelenmektedir. Reklam ve fotoğraf ilişkisinin kavramsal temelleri tartışıldıktan sonra bu ilişkinin dijital çağ öncesi dönemde ne gibi bir şekil aldığı ve dijital çağın etkisiyle nasıl dönüştüğü tartışılmıştır. Her iki kısımda da tartışma konuyu aydınlatacak ilgili örnek fotoğraflar üzerinden yürütülmüştür. Fotoğrafın dijital çağda reklamcılık bağlamında kullanıldığı örneklerle derinleştirilen tartışma, reklam ve fotoğraf ilişkisinin psikolojik boyutu ve bu boyutun hem görsel algı hem de tüketici psikolojisi üzerindeki etkilerine değinilen örnek fotoğraflarla daha geniş bir perspektife oturulmuştur. Sonuçlar ise fotoğrafın reklamda markaların amaçladığı yönde ve etkili kullanımı için sadece fotoğraf tasarımının değil aynı zamanda tüketici davranışına yönelik temel görsel ve psikolojik ilkelerin de dikkate alınmasının önemine işaret etmektedir. Salt belgeleyici amaçla veya estetik kaygılarla tasarlanan fotoğraflar ise çoğunlukla tüketici üzerinde istenenin tersi yönde etki yaratmaktadır.
Tipografinin Gazetelerin Görsel Kimliği ve Güvenilirliği Üzerine Etkisi Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analiz
Authors: Kirişcan Bekir , Taşdemir Babacan , Yağcılar Tonguç Günnar
Published: June 2020

Bu makale, tipografik düzenin gazetelerin güvenilirlik algısına etkisine dair bulgular sunmaktadır. Araştırma, İngilizce ve Türkçe bir dizi seçili gazetenin karşılaştırmalı analizine dayalıdır. Ana amaç, makro-tipografik tasarım unsurlarının gazetelere ilişkin güvenilirlik algısı üzerindeki etkisini anlamak ve böylece, salt bir iletişim aracı/formu olarak (medium) gazetenin mesajı (anlam) üzerindeki etkisine dair bilgi edinmektir. Analiz iki bölüme ayrılmaktadır. Birinci bölümde seçili gazeteler temel tasarım ilkeleri üzerinden değerlendirilmiştir. İkinci aşamada ise bir grup katılımcının seçili gazetelerin basılı ve çevrimiçi edisyonlarının kapak (indeks) sayfalarını güvenilirlik ve tanınırlık açısından değerlendirmeleri istenmiştir.

Genel bir sonuç olarak, bulgular tipografik tasarım ile gazetelere ilişkin güvenilirlik ya da ciddiyet algısı arasında kuvvetli bir bağ olduğu yönündeki düşünceyi desteklemektedir. Ancak bu bağ, gazetenin kimliği içerik üzerinden anlaşılamaz ise, daha güçlü ve belirgin hale gelmektedir. İngilizce gazeteler içerikleriyle daha uyumlu bir görsel kimlik oluşturmakta ve bunu çevrimiçi edisyonlarına aktarmakta daha başarılıyken Türkçe gazeteler ise “gayri-ciddi” gazetelere yakın bir görsel düzende anonimleşmektedir.
Erken Cumhuriyet Döneminde Kentlileşme ve Şeref Akdik
Authors: Baytar İlona , Okkalı İlkay Canan
Published: June 2020

Cumhuriyetin ilanı ile siyasi ve toplumsal yapıda görülen değişimler devlet tarafından belirlenen modernleşme çizgisinde gelişir. Özellikle kentlileşme ve kentsel yaşamın getirdiği yaşam pratikleri 20. yüzyıl Türkiyesini gelenekselden farklı bir yere taşır. İçinde geliştiği toplumun dinamikleriyle şekillenecek olan Cumhuriyet dönemi Türkiyesi için inkılâplar çok önemlidir. Devletçilik altında gerçekleşecek olan inkılâplar salt siyasi yapıyla sınırlı kalmayacak ulusal bilincin altında kültürel milliyetçiliği de geliştirecektir. Öyle ki tek partili dönemde devlet destekli Halkevleri açılacak, sanatçılar Anadolu’ya gönderilerek kırsal bölge yaşayanı da yeni sanat ortamıyla tanışmış olacaktır. Erken Cumhuriyet dönemi sanatçıları arasında yer alan Şeref Akdik de İnkılâpçı ressamlardan biridir. Kentlileşme çizgisinde gelişen modern hayatı, yeni yaşam mekânlarını, yeni imajıyla Türk kadınını, gelişen sanayi kollarını ve işçi sınıfını betimler.
Bu çalışmada ressam Şeref Akdik’in 1940’lardan 1960’lara uzanan süreçteki resimleri bağlamında erken cumhuriyet döneminin kentlileşme olgusu yeni çalışma mekânları ile bu mekânların kullanıcıları ve değişen yaşamlarındaki kesitler üzerinden ele alınmıştır.
The Digital Generation in Russian Education: from the Urgency of the Problem to Assessing the Impact of Digitalization on Students
Authors: Butsyk S. V.
Published: June 2020

The objectives of this research are: 1) an analysis of possible pedagogical strategies in relation to two age categories of Russian students (primary schoolchildren; older teenagers and youth) related to the new digital generation; 2) testing an experimental methodology for assessing the degree of influence of digitalization on the activities of older adolescents and youth on a relatively wide range of educational institutions (regular school, two different lyceums, institute) and for a relatively long period (two academic years).

Materials and research methods are based on a number of foreign works in the field of pedagogy, psychology, neurophysiology, conducted in the USA, Great Britain, Singapore and a number of other countries, starting from the 2000s, as well as studies from the mid-2010s on the digital generation of Russia. The authors used the methodology for assessing the degree of influence of digitalization on students’ activities, previously published in the journal “Open Education” (No. 1/2019).

Results of a study conducted during 2018 and 2019 in several schools of various types and a higher educational institution of one of the largest Russian regions allowed us to make an assumption about the noticeable significance of one of the two key indicators of the author’s methodology – “Significant Impact of Digitalization in the Activities of Students”. According to the author, it may indicate a lower or higher motivation of students in relation to educational and cognitive activities, including those resulting from the positive or negative impact of digitalization.

Conclusion. The article describes two pedagogical strategies in relation to different age categories of students, aimed at increasing the motivation for using digital devices for educational and cognitive purposes. The first strategy is aimed at primary schoolchildren and was clearly demonstrated in the early 2000s at the Singapore Institute of Education. The second strategy, aimed at older adolescents and young people, requires the presence of certain social conditions and the consideration of a number of individual factors (average daily time of using digital devices; share of time using digital devices for educational and cognitive purposes; high-quality control of students’ parents or high self-control of students). Testing of the indicated experimental technique allowed the author to identify the boundary numerical values of these factors. At the same time, it is noted that the achievement of a slight negative impact of digital devices on the educational and cognitive activities of students does not require the complete fulfillment of absolutely all three of these factors.
Building a Computer Vocational Guidance System for Graduates of Secondary Educational Institutions Based on a Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Sergushicheva A. P. , Davydova E. N.
Published: June 2020

The purpose of the article is to present the results of a study on the development of a genetic algorithm to solve the problems of career guidance for graduates of secondary educational institutions and to verify the possibility of its implementation in a computer system. The issue of career guidance for graduates is still relevant, problematic and not fully resolved. According to the authors, the introduction of artificial intelligence technologies in career guidance systems is a promising area that should be paid attention to. Genetic algorithms are widely used to solve search and optimization problems in various subject areas. The authors propose to automate the process of identifying the tendency of secondary school graduates to a particular type of activity by building a vocational guidance system based on a genetic algorithm.

Materials and methods. To identify an individual’s predisposition to a specific type of activity, it is necessary to have a list of requirements and contraindications to the profession. Among the ways of describing the norms and requirements for the applicant-specialist are professiograms, lists of necessary competencies and others. To determine the characteristics of the individual that affect the choice of profession, it is possible to use special tests, activating questionnaires, grades in school subjects. The authors carry out the comparison of personality characteristics and requirements through a genetic algorithm. Genetic algorithms belong to the group of evolutionary methods and are based on the evolutionary theory. Among their advantages are conceptual simplicity and wide applicability, resistance to dynamic environmental changes and the ability to self-organize.

Results. The genetic algorithm has been developed, in which as a source of information for creating a new population individual certificate evaluations are accepted. Based on these estimates, an initial population of professions is formed. As a result of crossing a pair of individuals from the parent population, a descendant is obtained whose chromosome consists of the genes of both parents. The selection of surviving specimens is based on the percentage of success in the development of each of the professions in the list and the fitness function. The developed algorithm was implemented in a software system. As experiments showed, the genetic algorithm successfully copes with the task of finding the optimal list of professions according to a given criterion.

Conclusion. The results of the study show that the use of genetic algorithms provides convenient mechanisms for introducing artificial intelligence methods into the field of career guidance, which improves the quality of recommendations for choosing a profession.
Simulation Research of Business Processes with Queues Using GPSS Studio Modeling Environment
Authors: Devyatkov V. V. , V.Gabalin A. V.
Published: June 2020

The purpose of research. The goal of this study is to analyze different domestic software packages intended for modeling of business processes involving queues and time parameters. The main analysis criteria are: the possibility of graphical development or conversion of the business process block diagram to the model; automatic generation of simulation model; quick and convenient construction of domain-specific application; the variety of result analysis tools. The relevance of the problems to choose the optimal modeling tool is determined by the need to use only domestic software for business process investigation in the military and some scientific organizations, and by the lack of information about existing software products. In this paper, the subject of study is the Russian simulation modeling environment GPSS Studio.

Materials and methods. In this article, the analysis of the possibility of effective usage of GPSS Studio environment during business processes analysis and synthesis is performed. The study was performed on the available examples of different applications of this tool, and by the creation of the model analyzing business processes that are typical for any HR department.

Results. Taking into account the performed analysis of functionality and practical applications of the GPSS Studio environment, the good prospects of its application for modeling of business processes involving queues and time parameters are shown. The further system improvements intended for effective business process modeling are proposed.

Conclusion. As a result of the performed study, we can do the following conclusions and recommendations:

– The GPSS Studio graphical editor can be successfully used for the graphical description of the business processes when it is required to analyze: queues, the load of resources, and the time characteristics of the processing,– The simulation model is automatically generated from the graphical description. The produced model can be finally debugged and verified with the GPSS Studio,– The standalone simulation application working in terms of the subject domain can be built from the simulation model using the simulation environment,– Using this application, it is possible to perform complex business process simulation modeling by means of varying system parameters and performing of singular experiments, a series of dedicated experiments, and optimizing experiments,– Since the GPSS Studio concepts include the possibility to create domain-specific libraries of standard blocks, it is possible to create a library of standard elements similar to IDEF, BPMN, DFD block charts to facilitate faster description and modeling of business processes. After the creation of such a library, there would be no need to manually write GPSS code, since the business process model could be built by a simple connection of standard blocks.
Development and Validation of an Individualized Immune Prognostic Signature for Recurrent Prostate Cancer
Authors: Jin Yaojian , Wang Lan , Lou Hongqiang , Song Chunhan , He Xuying , Ding Mingxing
Published: June 2020

Background:

Immune-related genes possess promising prognostic potential in multiple
cancer types. Here, we describe the development of an immune-related prognostic signature for
predicting prostate cancer recurrence.

Methods:

Prostate cancer gene expression profiles for 477 prostate cases, as well as accompanying
follow-up information were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and GEO. The
samples were divided into 3 groups and immune gene sets significantly associated with prognosis
were identified by evaluating the relationship between the expression of 1039 immune genes and
prognosis in the training set. Relative expression levels of these genes were used to identify
prognostic gene pairs. LASSO was used for feature selection and robust biomarkers selected.
Finally, the identified immune prognostic markers were validated using dataset and GEO
validation dataset and their performance compared with existing prognostic models.

Results:

In total, 87 immune genes, significantly associated with prognosis, were identified and
2447 immune gene pairs (IRGPs) established. Univariate survival analysis identified 641
prognosis-associated immune gene pairs. 8-IRGPs were obtained via LASSO feature selection and
an 8-IRGPs signature established. The 8-IRGPs signature exhibited an independent prognosis
value in prostate cancer of the training set, test set, and external validation set (p = <0.001). The 5-
year survival AUC in both the training set and the validation set was >0.7. The 8-IRGPs
outperformed clinical tumor classification features, including T, N, radiation therapy (RT) and
targeted molecular therapy (TMT) (p <0.01). In addition, we compared the prognostic
characteristics of 8-IRGPs with 3 reported prostate cancers and found that 8-IRGPs achieved a
high C index (0.85) and had the highest predictive performance within 10 years of follow-up (HR:
10.5). Finally, we integrated T, N, RT, TMT, and 8-IRGPs and generated a novel alignment chart
to aid the prediction of prostate cancer recurrence in individual patients (p <0.01).

Conclusion:

Here, we identified an 8-IRGP novel prognostic signature for the prediction of
prostate cancer recurrence.
Lipid Nanoformulations in the Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Diseases: An Approach to Overcome the Blood Brain Barrier
Authors: Rehman Saleha , Nabi Bushra , Pottoo Faheem Hyder , Baboota Sanjula , Ali Javed
Published: June 2020

Background:

Neuropsychiatric diseases primarily characterized by dementia stand third in the global list
of diseases causing disability. The poor water solubility, erratic oral absorption, low bioavailability, poor intestinal
absorption, and the impeding action of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) are the major factors limiting the therapeutic
feasibility of the antipsychotics. Only a small percentage of antipsychotics reaches the therapeutic target site, which
warrants administration of high doses, consequently leading to unwanted side-effects. Hence the main struggle for
the effective treatment of neuropsychiatric diseases occurs “at the gates” of the brain, which can be mitigated with
the use of a nanotechnology-based platform.

Methods:

The goal of this review is to undertake a comprehensive study about the role of lipid nanoformulations in
facilitating the delivery of antipsychotics across BBB along with the available in vitro and in vivo evidence.

Results:

Lipid nanoformulations have attained great popularity for the delivery of therapeutics into the brain. Their
nanosize helps in overcoming the biological barriers, thereby providing easy BBB translocation of the drugs. Besides,
they offer numerous advantages like controlled and targeted drug release, minimizing drug efflux, long storage
stability, augmented bioavailability, and reduced adverse drug effects to attain an optimal therapeutic drug concentration
in the brain. Moreover, employing alternative routes of administration has also shown promising results.

Conclusion:

Thus, it can be concluded that the lipid nanoformulations bear immense potential in overcoming the
challenges associated with the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the area warrants further clinical
studies to ensure their commercialization, which could revolutionize the treatment of neuropsychiatric diseases in the
coming decades.
Aromatase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Breast Cancer: A Journey from the Scratch
Authors: Ratre Pooja , Mishra Keerti , Dubey Amit , Vyas Amber , Jain Akhlesh , Thareja Suresh
Published: June 2020

Background:

Estrogens are essential for the growth of breast cancer in the case of premenopausal as
well as in postmenopausal women. However, most of the breast cancer incidences are reported in postmenopausal
women and the concurrent risk surges with an increase in age. Since the enzyme aromatase catalyses
essential steps in estrogen biosynthesis, Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs) are effective targeted therapy in patients
with Estrogen Receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer. AIs are more effective than Selective Estrogen Receptor
Modulators (SERMs) because they block both the genomic and nongenomic activities of ER. Till date, first,
second and third-generation AIs have been approved by the FDA. The third-generation AIs, viz. Letrozole,
Anastrozole, Exemestane, are currently used in the standard treatment for postmenopausal breast cancer.

Methods:

Data were collected from Medline, PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct through searching of
keywords: ‘aromatase’, ‘aromatase inhibitors’, ‘breast cancer’, ‘steroidal aromatase inhibitors’, ‘non-steroidal
inhibitors’ and ‘generations of aromatase inhibitors’.

Results:

In the current scenario of breast cancer chemotherapy, AIs are the most widely used agents which reveal
optimum efficacy along with the least side effects. Keeping in view the prominence of AIs in breast cancer
therapy, this review covered the detailed description of aromatase including its role in the biosynthesis of estrogen,
biochemistry, gene expression, 3D-structure, and information of reported AIs along with their role in breast
cancer treatment.

Conclusion:

AIs are the mainstream solution of the ER+ breast cancer treatment regimen with the continuous
improvement of human understanding of the importance of a healthy life of women suffering from breast cancer.
Bestowal of Quinazoline Scaffold in Anticancer Drug Discovery
Authors: Das Rina , Mehta Dinesh K. , Dhanawat Meenakshi
Published: June 2020

Background:

Cancer is one of the major causes of human mortality worldwide. A number of existing
antineoplastic medications and treatment regimens are already working in the field, and several new compounds
are in different phases of clinical trials. An extensive series of anticancer drugs exist in the market, and studies
suggest that these molecules are associated with different types of adverse side effects. The reduction of the
cytotoxicity of drugs to normal cells is a major problem in anticancer therapy.

:

Therefore, researchers around the globe are involved in the development of more efficient and safer anticancer
drugs. The output of extensive research is that the quinazoline scaffold and its various derivatives can be explored
further as a novel class of cancer chemotherapeutic agents that has already shown promising activities
against different tumours. Quinazoline derivatives have already occupied a crucial place in modern medicinal
chemistry. Various research has been performed on quinazoline and their derivatives for anticancer activity and
pharmacological importance of this scaffold has been well established.

Objective:

The aim of this review is to compile and highlight the developments concerning the anticancer activity
of quinazoline derivatives as well as to suggest some new aspects of the expansion of anticancer activity of
novel quinazoline derivatives as anticancer agents in the near future.

Methods:

Recent literature related to quinazoline derivatives endowed with encouraging anticancer potential is
reviewed. With a special focus on quinazoline moiety, this review offers a detailed account of multiple mechanisms
of action of various quinazoline derivatives: inhibition of the DNA repair enzyme system, inhibition of
EGFR, thymidylate enzyme inhibition and inhibitory effects for tubulin polymerization by which these derivatives
have shown promising anticancer potential.

Results:

Exhaustive literature survey indicated that quinazoline derivatives are associated with properties of
inhibiting EGFR and thymidylate enzymes. It was also found to be involved in disturbing tubulin assembly.
Furthermore, quinazoline derivatives have been found to inhibit critical targets such as DNA repair enzymes.
These derivatives have shown significant activity against cancer.

Conclusion:

In cancer therapy, Quinazoline derivatives seems to be quite promising and act through various
mechanisms that are well established. This review has shown that quinazoline derivatives can further be explored
for the betterment of chemotherapy. A lot of potentials are still hidden, which demands to be discovered
for upgrading quinazoline derivatives efficacy.
How Specialist Aftercare Impacts Long-Term Readmission Risks in Elderly Patients With Metabolic, Cardiac, and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases: Cohort Study Using Administrative Data
Authors: Kaleta Michaela , Niederkrotenthaler Thomas , Kautzky-Willer Alexandra , Klimek Peter
Published: June 2020

Background

The health state of elderly patients is typically characterized by multiple co-occurring diseases requiring the involvement of several types of health care providers.

Objective

We aimed to quantify the benefit for multimorbid patients from seeking specialist care in terms of long-term readmission risks.

Methods

From an administrative database, we identified 225,238 elderly patients with 97 different diagnosis (ICD-10 codes) from hospital stays and contact with 13 medical specialties. For each diagnosis associated with the first hospital stay, we used multiple logistic regression analysis to quantify the sex-specific and age-adjusted long-term all-cause readmission risk (hospitalizations occurring between 3 months and 3 years after the first admission) and how specialist contact impacts these risks.

Results

Men have a higher readmission risk than women (mean difference over all first diagnoses 1.9%, P<.001), but similar reduction in readmission risk after receiving specialist care. Specialist care can reduce readmission risk by almost 50%. We found the greatest reductions in risk when the first hospital stay was associated with diagnoses corresponding to complex chronic diseases such as acute myocardial infarction (57.6% reduction in readmission risk, SE 7.6% for men [m]; 55.9% reduction, SE 9.8% for women [w]), diabetic and other retinopathies (m: 62.3%, SE 8.0; w: 60.1%, SE 8.4%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (m: 63.9%, SE 7.8%; w: 58.1%, SE 7.5%), disorders of lipoprotein metabolism (m: 64.7%, SE 3.7%; w: 63.8%, SE 4.0%), and chronic ischemic heart diseases (m: 63.6%, SE 3.1%; w: 65.4%, SE 3.0%).

Conclusions

Specialist care can greatly reduce long-term readmission risk for patients with chronic and multimorbid diseases. Further research is needed to identify the specific reasons for these findings and to understand the detected sex-specific differences.
The Paradigm of Unity (PU) as the Basis for a “Copernican Revolution” (CR) in the Social Sciences (Note 1)
Authors: Biela Adam
Published: June 2020

Thomas Kuhn regarded the Copernican Revolution (CR) as the one which best illustrates the nature of scientific revolutions in the history of science. This is related with the essence of the paradigm in a Kuhnian sense that is a mental shift involving change in the theories, instruments, values and assumptions used to understand a set of phenomena. Copernicus had to change the well-established geocentric system, which functioned not only in the science of his day but also in the culture, tradition, social perception, and even the mentality of religious and political The concept of Paradigm of Unity (PU) is used to denote the societal activity of Chiara Lubich and the Focolare Movemen—in building the psychosocial infrastructure for unity in various social domains; for example, in the economy of communion, in politics (politicians for unity project), in public media (journalists for unity), in ecumenism and interreligious contacts (ecumenical and interreligious Focolari Centers). This conception is a great inspiration, a kind of Copernican revolution for the social sciences, which would motivate researchers in the social sciences to build their own research paradigm with a mental and methodological power and potentiality that could offer new vision to the social sciences (as Copernicus did in the natural sciences).
College Graduation and Wealth Accumulation: Blacks’ Diminished Returns
Authors: Assari Shervin
Published: June 2020

Background: Based on the Minorities’ Diminished Returns (MDRs) framework, indicators of high Socioeconomic Status (SES), such as high maternal educational attainment, show weaker protective effects on various developmental, behavioral, and health outcomes for Black than White families. As a result of these MDRs, families and individuals with high educational attainment still report high levels of depression, smoking, obesity, and chronic disease. Limited knowledge exists on MDRs of maternal education on indicators of wealth such as home ownership and home value. Aims: Built on the MDRs framework, we tested the hypothesis of whether the effects of maternal educational attainment at birth on home ownership and home value, as proxies of wealth, vary between Black and White families. We hypothesized that: 1) high maternal education would be associated with more wealth 15 years later, and 2) compared to Whites, Blacks would be less likely to accumulate wealth (own a house) across all educational levels, given a weaker boosting effect of maternal educational attainment on wealth for Black than White families. Methods: The Fragile Families and Child Well-being Study, is a 15-year follow up study of a random sample of births in cities larger than 200,000 population in the US. A total number of 2004 White or Black youth were included and were followed from birth to the age of 15. The predictor of interest was maternal educational attainment at birth, treated as a categorical variable (college graduation). The outcomes were home ownership and home value (worth-owed) 15 years later, as proxies of wealth. Logistic and linear regression were used for data analysis. Results: High maternal education at birth was associated with home ownership and higher value of owned home at age 15. We also found that maternal educational attainment at birth and race interact with each other, suggesting that the effects of high maternal educational attainment at birth on home ownership/value at age 15 were weaker for Black than White families. Conclusions: Diminished returns of maternal educational attainment at birth on wealth accumulation in Black families may be a mechanism that contributes to racial health disparities in high socioeconomic status and also poor outcomes of high SES Black families. That is, a smaller effect of maternal educational attainment on changing the real lives of Black than White youth may be one of the mechanisms by which health remains worse than expected in high SES Black families. Not all of the health, behavioral, and developmental disparities are due to the racial gap in SES but also diminishing returns of socioeconomic status indicators such as maternal educational attainment for racial minorities. Research should study how social stratification, discriminatory mortgage and banking, residential segregation, family formation, employment, and occupational prestige reduce Black families’ ability to mobilize their human capital and secure tangible economic and non-economic outcomes.
Parental Education and Spanking of American Children: Blacks’ Diminished Returns
Authors: Assari Shervin
Published: June 2020

Background: Based on the Minorities’ Diminished Returns (MDRs) framework, high socioeconomic status (SES) indicators such as parental education shows weaker protective effects against adverse experiences for Blacks than Whites. For example, Black children with highly educated parents report high levels of depression, anxiety, suicide, smoking, obesity, and chronic disease. Limited knowledge exists on MDRs of parental education on the child’s exposure to spanking by the mother. Aims: Built on the MDRs framework, we tested the hypothesis of whether the effect of parental education on the child’s exposure to spanking by the mother differs in Black and White families. We hypothesized that: 1) there is an inverse association between mothers’ educational attainment and child spanking, and 2) the effect of mothers’ educational attainment on mothers’ spanking of the child is weaker for Black than White families. Methods: We used data from the Fragile Families and Child Well-being Study (FFCWS), a 9-year follow up study of a random sample of births in cities larger than 200,000 population. In this analysis, 2722 Black or White families were followed. The main predictor was parental educational attainment at birth. The outcomes were exposure to spanking at ages 3, 5, and 9.Logisticregression was used for data analysis. Results: Higher parental educational attainment at birth was inversely associated with the child’s exposure to spanking by the mother among Whites, not Blacks. We also found a significant interaction between parental educational attainment at birth and race, suggesting that the associations between parental education and child exposure to spanking by the mother at ages3, 5, and 9were weaker for Black than White families.Conclusions: Diminished returns of parental educational attainment in terms of reducing children’s exposure to trauma and stress may be a mechanism that contributes to racial health disparities, particularly poor health of children in highly educated Black families. That is a smaller protective effect of parental education on reducing undesired exposures for Black than White children may be one of the mechanisms that may explain why children develop worse than expected physical, mental, and behavioral health in high SES Black families. Not all health disparities are due to racial differences in SES, but some of them are also secondary to the diminishing returns of socioeconomic status indicators such as parental education for racial minorities. Research should study contextual, structural, family, and behavioral factors that reduce Black families’ ability to mobilize their human capital and secure health outcomes for themselves and their children.
Alex Flemming: corpo, conflito e utopia em Bodybuilders
Authors: Tolotti Lucas Procópio de Oliveira
Published: June 2020

Entre os temas mais presentes no repertório de Alex Flemming, surge o corpo e as questões que o envolvem. A série Bodybuilders, produzida a partir de 1997, situa a temática apresentada em um contexto muito próprio do final do século XX: globalização, novas tecnologias e pós-colonialismo. Como esses temas são articulados nesta série de obras? Qual o corpo que nela se apresenta e de que maneira a série se envolve na própria trajetória pessoal do artista? Por meio da análise de um determinado conjunto desses trabalhos, o artigo perquire os diversos corpos que se estendem plasticamente nas telas, situando-os junto às questões sociopolíticas do final do século XX e início do século XXI. Para isso, além de textos de críticos de arte que versam sobre o artista, as reflexões serão pautadas por Michel Foucault e Homi K. Bhabha.
Do fogo às origens: um museu para pensar a arte brasileira
Authors: Araújo Soares de Souza Ana Cecília
Published: June 2020

Este artigo trata de uma pesquisa inicial cujo objetivo é revisitar uma demanda crítica inerente às raízes da arte brasileira a partir do pensamento de Mário Pedrosa, com foco no projeto do Museu das Origens. Sob muitos aspectos, Pedrosa é de grande importância na história da crítica nacional, pois, através dele, as questões da arte brasileira ganharam uma dimensão universal e uma consistência cultural nova. Embora não tenha sido contemplado em seu todo, este museu tem aberto a possibilidade de reconstrução de narrativas, até, então, silenciadas e reprimidas; de linguagens e conhecimentos subalternizados pela ideia de totalidade definida pela racionalidade moderna europeia.
Um cubo mofado
Authors: Ponte Mônica Coster
Published: June 2020

A partir da investigação de trabalhos de arte contemporânea que incorporam fungos como matéria de sua composição, o texto discute o apodrecimento dos nossos corpos na epistemologia ocidental. Considerando o imaginário das pinturas de natureza-morta e do cubo branco modernista, alguns artistas apontam ironicamente para a tradição da decadência da carne em prol da ascensão de uma condição de humanidade. A colaboração e incorporação da presença dos fungos é ameaça para a chave dicotômica que opõe natureza e cultura, humano e animal. Artistas que dão espaço para a interação com esses seres e que pensam socialmente seus corpos indicam a possibilidade de existência do não humano.
Desde donde no se vio la bomba, 2019.
Authors: Rampin Priscila
Published: June 2020

Nos anos de 1970, os governos de Cuba e da União Soviética uniram esforços para construir a Planta Nuclear de Juraguá, localizada nas imediações da cidade de Cienfuegos, Cuba. Um projeto ambicioso e utópico devido à necessidade orçamentária para sustentá-lo. Para além dos riscos inerentes à geração de energia atômica, a proximidade geográfica com o Estado da Flórida alarmara os Estados Unidos sobre o prenúncio de desenvolvimento de arma nuclear. Anos antes do estabelecimento do projeto, Cuba havia instalado mísseis balísticos de origem russa.O ideal atômico cubano nunca se completou, consequentemente, nenhuma das aventadas ameaças. O que resta nessa paisagem industrial e na vida em meio aos edifícios inacabados da cidade nuclear (originalmente destinada a receber trabalhadores de Juraguá) ativam continuamente certo aturdimento e a memória, por vezes não fiel, daquele tempo.