bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Production of Wounded Attachment
Authors: Köstem Burç
Published: September 2024

This article locates itself in the aftermath of the 2016 coup attempt in Turkey to study the cultural production of reactionary sentiment. Placing Wendy Brown's concept of “wounded attachment” in conversation with materialist and anticolonial theorizations of indignation in Turkey and beyond, the article explores the production of a reactionary mood that traverses affective, economic, technological, and cultural dynamics. In order to do so, it focuses on an intriguing example of wounded attachment in the post-2016 period: the sense of concern and anxiety that has formed around public performances of the ezan (the Islamic call to prayer). The article argues that feelings of indignation, victimhood, and revenge are crucial to Turkish politics, as their production lies at the intersection of specific memories of injury and the material foundations of contemporary capitalism in Turkey.
Archives beyond the Human
Authors: Oliver Catherine
Published: September 2024

This article reflects on what it might mean to think about archives “beyond” the human, specifically in relation to animals and their archives. Interdisciplinary and disciplinary “animal turns” have brought animals into social science and humanities spaces—as both subjects and collaborators. In archival research and studies, encounters with animals, and more broadly nonhumans, both complicate and extend contemporary debates: on how we research in the archives, on ethics and politics, and even on what constitutes an archive. Drawing from three different case studies from its author's research with historical animals—in a traditional archive, in the digital archive, and in a speculative archive—the article reflects on some of these contemporary debates to ask how we might meaningfully extend archives beyond the human.
Sustainable Data Rivers? Rebalancing the Data Ecosystem That Underlies Generative AI
Authors: Delacroix Sylvie
Published: September 2024

The salient concern, today, is not whether copyright law will “allow robots to learn.” The pressing question is whether the exploitation of the data ecosystem that has made generative AI possible can be made socially sustainable. Just as the human right to water is only possible if reasonable use and reciprocity constraints are imposed on the economic exploitation of rivers, so is the fundamental right to access culture, learn, and build upon it. To restore this right to its proper place within the balancing act IP law is supposed to enable demands fundamental legal reform. This article explores the merits of reconstructing copyright as a permitted privilege (rather than property right). It also highlights the extent to which, for such reform to bear fruit and contribute to a socially sustainable data ecosystem, it needs to be supported by bottom-up participatory infrastructure.
Manipulating mitochondrial reactive oxygen species alters survival in unexpected ways in a Drosophila Cdk5 model of neurodegeneration
Authors: Wodrich Andrew P. K. , Harris Brent T. , Giniger Edward
Published: September 2024

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are associated with aging and neurodegeneration, but the significance of this association remains obscure. Here, using a Drosophila Cdk5 model of age-related neurodegeneration, we probe this relationship in the pathologically relevant tissue, the brain, by quantifying three specific mitochondrial ROS and manipulating these redox species pharmacologically. Our goal is to ask whether pathology-associated changes in redox state are detrimental for survival, whether they may be beneficial responses to pathology, or whether they are covariates of pathology that do not alter viability. We find, surprisingly, that increasing mitochondrial H2O2 correlates with improved survival. We also find evidence that drugs that alter the mitochondrial glutathione redox potential modulate survival primarily through the compensatory effects they induce rather than through their direct effects on the final mitochondrial glutathione redox potential. We also find that the response to treatment with a redox-altering drug varies depending on the age and genotype of the individual receiving the drug as well as the duration of the treatment. These data have important implications for the design and interpretation of studies investigating the effect of redox state on health and disease as well as on efforts to modify the redox state to achieve therapeutic goals.
Mainstream Germline Genetic Testing with Expanded Eligibility for Early Breast Cancer Patients in a Large Integrated Health System
Authors: Shim Veronica , Karlea Audrey , Brenman Leslie Manace , Gul Jamila , Hoodfar Elizabeth , Chan Tracy D. , Engeman Poline C. , Sheldon Vanessa M. , Thorne-Hadfield Deirdre M. , Odele Patience , Vuong Brooke , McEvoy Jennifer , Chang C. K. , Kotak Dinesh , Habel Laurel A.
Published: September 2024

Background

This study evaluated a new mainstream genetic testing pathway for hereditary cancer, with expanded eligibility for early-stage breast cancer patients.

Methods

The study compared multigene panel (62 genes) germline testing uptake and results for breast cancer patients at 4 pilot sites (n = 502 patients) and 10 non-pilot sites (n = 1792 patients) within Kaiser Permanente Northern California from December 2020, to June 2021. At the pilot sites, breast care coordinators (BCCs) offered and consented patients for testing, with eligibility expanded to include all patients age 65 years or younger. At the non-pilot sites, eligible patients were referred to genetics for pre-test counseling, ordering, and follow-up evaluation with the standard guideline that included all patients age 45 years or younger.

Results

Demographic and disease characteristics were similar at the pilot and non-pilot sites. At the pilot verses non-pilot sites, a higher percentage of patients was tested overall (61.6% vs 31.7%) and across all age groups. The median time from breast biopsy to test result also was reduced (22 vs 33 days, respectively). A higher percentage of patients at the pilot sites was identified as having a pathogenic/likely pathogenic variant (PV/LPV) in a breast cancer-related gene (3.6% vs 1.6%). Although the percentage of total patients tested was nearly twofold higher at the pilot sites than at the non-pilot sites, the percentage of total patients seen by genetics was estimated to be similar (33.7% vs 31.7%).

Conclusion

Mainstream genetic testing of breast cancer patients facilitated by BCCs makes it feasible for a large health care system to expand germline genetic testing to early breast cancer patients age 65 years or younger.
THE MONASTERIES OF METEORA DURING THE OTTOMAN PERIOD AND THE PRACTICE OF MONASTIC CONFINEMENT
Authors: Bayraktar-Tellan Elif
Published: September 2024

Monastic confinement as a disciplinary measure had a long past in the Christian tradition and continued to be implemented by the Constantinopolitan patriarchs during the Ottoman period. Although our knowledge of the earlier centuries is limited, there is more information on the eighteenth- and the nineteenth-century cases of monastic exile, mainly thanks to the kalebend registers, as well as other relevant Ottoman documentation. The surge of evidence is perhaps related to the increasing role of the Patriarchate of Constantinople during the eighteenth century in matters related to the Greek Orthodox subjects vis-à-vis the Ottoman administration. By this time, monastic confinement was implemented within the Ottoman legal framework of banishment. Besides Mount Athos, the monasteries of Varlaam and Great Meteoro were also major locations of monastic confinement. Apart from the documents of the Ottoman central bureaucracy, monastic archives can also contribute to our insights on the implementation of confinement in collaboration with the Ottoman administration during this period. In this sense, the cases of monastic confinement shed light on a relatively obscure aspect of the Orthodox experience under Ottoman rule.
Η ΕΠΙΚΡΙΤΙΚΗ ΣΤΑΣΗ ΕΝΑΝΤΙ ΜΟΣΧΟΠΟΛΙΤΙΚΩΝ ΕΚΔΟΣΕΩΝ ΠΕΡΙ ΑΓΙΩΝ ΤΗΣ ΘΕΣΣΑΛΙΑΣ ΚΑΙ ΚΟΡΥΔΑΛΙΚΗΣ ΕΠΙΣΤΟΛΟΓΡΑΦΙΑΣ ΚΑΙ ΡΗΤΟΡΙΚΗΣ ΚΑΤΑ ΤΟΝ 18ο ΑΙΩΝΑ
Authors: Τεμπέλης Ηλίας
Published: September 2024

Στὴ μελέτη ἐπιχειρεῖται νὰ ἐξηγηθοῦν οἱ λόγοι γιὰ τοὺς ὁποίους τρία ἔντυπα τοῦ τυπογραφείου τῆς Μοσχόπολης περὶ τῶν ἁγίων τῆς Θεσσαλίας Σεραφεὶμ καὶ Βησσαρίωνος καὶ περὶ κορυδαλικῆς ἐπιστολογραφίας καὶ ρητορικῆς ἐπικρίθηκαν καὶ ἐκδόθηκαν ἐκ νέου τὸν 18ο αἰῶνα σὲ εὐρωπαϊκὰ τυπογραφεῖα (Βενετία, Βουκουρέστι καὶ Halle), μὲ βάση τὰ διαθέσιμα στοιχεῖα γιὰ τὴν ἰδεολογία καὶ τὴ δράση τῶν ἐμπλεκόμενων συντελεστῶν κάθε μίας ἐκδοτικῆς δραστηριότητας καὶ τὶς μεταξύ τους σχέσεις.
RECREATING A SOCIETY’S MATERIAL CULTURE: TEXTILES IN THE TRIKKE CODEX EBE 1471
Authors: Vryzidis Nikolaos
Published: September 2024

The Trikke codex EBE 1471 preserves a variety of documents, many of which are of interest to historians of material culture. In particular, church inventories, wills, and dowries are especially rich in mentions of different textiles: from the most luxurious cloths of gold to the more modest block-printed cottons. By drawing upon this valuable source, I will offer an as representative as possible compendium of the textiles consumed in the wider Trikke region from the late seventeenth century and on. The great variety of weavings and provenances mentioned in the codex certainly provides ample ground for an analysis of the textile trends prevailing in West Thessaly. Finally, by pairing the textual information with actual remnants this study aims at visualizing the specific period’s eclectic aesthetic and cultural interconnectedness, thereby illuminating its place in the early modern “geography of cloth”, and the dynamics woven within it.
Η αξιοπιστία ορθοδοντικών σημείων και μεταβλητών μετά από λήψη ψηφιακών πλαγίων και οπισθοπρόσθιων κεφαλομετρικών ακτινογραφιών σε σταθερή και φυσική θέση κεφαλής
Authors: Γιαννοπούλου Μιχαέλα
Published: September 2024

Αντικείμενο της μελέτης ήταν η εκτίμηση της αξιοπιστίας των κεφαλομετρικών σημείων και μεταβλητών που λαμβάνονται σε ψηφιακές πλάγιες και οπισθοπρόσθιες κεφαλομετρικές ακτινογραφίες με φυσική και σταθερή θέση κεφαλής. Το δείγμα αποτέλεσαν 42 πλάγιες κεφαλομετρικές ακτινογραφίες (21 σε σταθερή και 21 σε φυσική θέση κεφαλής) και 42 οπισθοπρόσθιες κεφαλομετρικές ακτινογραφίες (21 σε σταθερή και 21 σε φυσική θέση κεφαλής) ασθενών της Μεταπτυχιακής Κλινικής του Εργαστηρίου Ορθοδοντικής του Α.Π.Θ., πάνω στις οποίες εντοπίσθηκαν 128 σημεία και έγιναν οι κεφαλομετρικές αναλύσεις για 52 μεταβλητές. Μεταξύ της φυσικής και της σταθερής θέσης της κεφαλής, στις πλάγιες κεφαλομετρικές ακτινογραφίες παρατηρήθηκαν διαφορές σε όλα τα σημεία του άξονα Χ και σε 2 μεταβλητές, ενώ στις οπισθοπρόσθιες κεφαλομετρικές παρατηρήθηκαν διαφορές μόνο σε 2 σημεία και 2 μεταβλητές. Επίσης, στις πλάγιες κεφαλομετρικές ακτινογραφίες που έχουν ληφθεί σε σταθερή θέση κεφαλής παρατηρείται μια κλίση της κεφαλής προς τα εμπρός σε σχέση με τις πλάγιες κεφαλομετρικές με φυσική θέση κεφαλής.
Zero-dose children in Latin America: analysis of the problem and possible solutions
Authors: Avila-Aguero Maria L. , Brenes-Chacon Helena , Melgar Mario , Becerra-Posada Francisco , Chacon-Cruz Enrique , Gentile Angela , Ospina Martha , Sandoval Nancy , Sanwogou Jennifer , Urena Analia , Valenzuela Maria T. , Morice Ana
Published: September 2024

Introduction Zero-dose children (ZDC) are defined as those that have never been reached by routine immunization services. In Latin America, almost 2.7 million infants younger than 1 year of age, have incomplete vaccination schedules, and vaccine preventable diseases such as measles or polio have increase worldwide. ZDC are reported to reside in high risk and fragile settings, including remote-rural areas, urban slums, and conflict-affected areas. Identifying the problem and settings in each country is mandatory to propose possible solutions to the immunization coverage situation. Areas covered In November 2023, a group of experts of the Latin America Society of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (SLIPE) analyzed the global and regional reality of ZDC, and present in this document an updated reality of the Latin American region and the weight of the possible interventions to overcome this problem. Expert commentary Communication is a key element to improve vaccination coverage, as it is quality and use of vaccination data. Campaigns that deliver targeted and effective messages to communities and families, provide education about vaccination, avoid missed vaccination opportunities, and coordinate efforts across different sectors and communities, among other strategies, could improve the current immunization situation.
A guide to selecting high-performing antibodies for Rab10 (UniProt ID: P61026) for use in western blot, immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence
Authors: Ruíz Moleón Vera , Alende Charles , Fotouhi Maryam , Southern Kathleen , Ayoubi Riham , Laflamme Carl ,   NeuroSGC/YCharOS/EDDU collaborative group,   ABIF consortium
Published: September 2024

Rab10 is a small GTPase involved in cargo transport from the trans-Golgi network to the plasma membrane and endocytic recycling back to the cell membrane. It has garnered significant interest in neurodegenerative disease research, particularly due to its phosphorylation by the LRRK2 kinase. This relationship underscores the importance of Rab10 in cellular processes related to disease pathology, specifically Parkinson’s disease. The accessibility of renewable and selective antibodies against Rab10 would advance research efforts, enabling further understanding of its function and implications in disease. Here, we have characterized eight Rab10 commercial antibodies for western blot, immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence using a standardized experimental protocol based on comparing read-outs in knockout cell lines and isogenic parental controls. These studies are part of a larger, collaborative initiative seeking to address antibody reproducibility issues by characterizing commercially available antibodies for human proteins and publishing the results openly as a resource for the scientific community. While use of antibodies and protocols vary between laboratories, we encourage readers to use this report as a guide to select the most appropriate antibodies for their specific needs.
Improved processing workflow and student transparency with student mistreatment reports leads to graduation questionnaire data gains
Authors: Channell Adam
Published: September 2024

Mistreatment of students has been historically documented as common in U.S. medical schools, but graduate questionnaire (GQ) data from the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) displays high numbers of students who have experienced mistreatment but not reported the incident. There are many reasons within the literature as to why students do not report their experiences, including fear of academic repercussion or a misunderstanding of what constitutes as mistreatment. Our institution found through GQ data that there was a shortcoming in understanding policies and knowledge of procedures associated with mistreatment, and student focus group responses showed that many students were not confident that their reports would receive follow-up on the part of the institution. These factors led to the formation of a task force to investigate our school’s workflow once a report of concern for mistreatment is received and examine measures to increase transparency to the student body that their reports are acted upon. We took measures to place a greater emphasis on communication with students during the mistreatment report workflow, as well as releasing name-blinded data within our weekly student communication emails regarding reports that had been processed and resolved. The results after one year of these efforts saw our GQ percentile data jump from falling between the 10th to 25th percentile to the 90th percentile for student awareness of mistreatment policies and from between the 25th to 50th percentile to between the 75th to 90th percentile for student knowledge of mistreatment procedures. These jumps in GQ figures provide insight for policy changes that could benefit other institutions struggling with building a safe environment for students to confidently report incidents of mistreatment with knowledge that their concerns are important and acted upon.
The genome sequence of a hoverfly, Platycheirus rosarum (Fabricius, 1787)
Authors: Crowley Liam M. , Irwin Tony , Woodcock Katie J ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Natural History Museum Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: September 2024

We present a genome assembly from an individual male hoverfly, Platycheirus rosarum (Arthropoda; Insecta; Diptera; Syrphidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 764.10 megabases. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 6 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the X and Y sex chromosomes. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 17.04 kilobases in length.
The genome sequence of an Entiminae weevil, Polydrusus pterygomalis Boheman, 1840
Authors: Telfer Mark G. , Bickerstaff James ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: September 2024

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Entiminae weevil, Polydrusus pterygomalis (Arthropoda; Insecta; Coleoptera; Curculionidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 1,051.50 megabases. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 11 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the X sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 20.95 kilobases in length.
The genome sequence of the Pale Oak Beauty, Hypomecis punctinalis (Scopoli, 1763)
Authors: Boyes Douglas , Boyes Clare ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: September 2024

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Hypomecis punctinalis (the Pale Oak Beauty; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Geometridae). The genome sequence has a total length of 741.20 megabases. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 30 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.64 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 13,897 protein-coding genes.
CLARIFICATION TO "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF INDICATORS OF ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF CULTIVATION OF CHERRY SEEDLINGS WITH DRIP IRRIGATION" DOI: 10.12731/2658-6649-2024-16-1-722
Authors: Nikolskaya Olga A. , Seminchenko Elena V. , Solonkin Andrey V.
Published: September 2024

Nikolskaya O.A., Semenchenko E.V., Solonkin A.V. Comparative Analysis of Indicators of Economic Efficiency of Cultivation of Cherry Seedlings with Drip Irrigation. Siberian Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture, 2024, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 102-118. DOI: 10.12731/2658-6649-2024-16-1-722
The authors clarify the source of funding:
The research was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of research work of the Federal Research Center of Agroecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences № 122020100448-6 “Creation of new competitive forms, varieties and hybrids of cultivated, woody and shrub plants with high productivity, quality and increased resistance to adverse environmental factors, new innovative technologies in seed and nursery production taking into account varietal characteristics and soil and climatic conditions of arid territories of the Russian Federation”
The original article can be found under DOI: https://doi.org/10.12731/2658-6649-2024-16-1-722
SATISFACTION WITH THE WORK OF MEDICAL STAFF WITH DIFFERENT STYLES OF BEHAVIOR IN CONFLICT
Authors: Kislyakov Pavel A. , Tishchenko Daria A. , Shmeleva Elena A. , Kartashev Valery P.
Published: September 2024

Background. The success of a medical organization, as well as the quality of medical services to patients, depends on the satisfaction of medical workers. This is due to the fact that job satisfaction is one of the key factors influencing motivation, the psychological climate in the team, labor efficiency, and employee loyalty. The presence of rumination in healthcare teams may lead to decreased job satisfaction. On the one hand, conflicts can contribute to the development of communication between employees, on the other hand, they can worsen relationships.
The purpose is to study the influence of teamwork on the job satisfaction of healthcare workers.
Methods. 86 medical workers took part in the training, including doctors, nursing and junior medical staff. To study job satisfaction and violations with its indicators, the methods “Attitude of employees of a medical organization to patient safety” (SAQ) (J. Sexton et al., Russian version by K.N. Tsaranov et al.) and “Methodology for studying the integrity of labor” (N.P. Fetiskin, V.V. Kozlov, G.M. To study a person’s predisposition to conflict behavior, the “Type of Behavior in Conflict” technique (Thomas-Kilmann Test) was used. Statistical study was carried out using Mann-Whitney tests, Spearman correlation analysis and regression analysis.
Results. The majority of representatives of the world market are satisfied with their activities; they prefer such styles of behavior in conflict as cooperation and flight. For health workers, choosing unconstructive solutions to resolve conflict are prerequisites for ensuring job satisfaction in good working conditions. For medical developers choosing constructive solutions, conflict resolution requires that job satisfaction conditions be achieved, which are negotiated with department-level management.
Conclusion. Increasing the job satisfaction of healthcare workers is an important aspect for ensuring high-quality and efficient healthcare delivery to patients, as well as reducing work-related consequences. It is necessary to provide employees with working conditions that meet their requirements, provide opportunities for professional growth and training, as well as support and understanding from management and the team.
THE REMEDIATION METHOD AS A FACTOR SHAPING THE PIGMENT PROFILE OF SCOTS PINE ON TECHNOGENIC LAND
Authors: Tumanik Natalia V.
Published: September 2024

Background. It is important to study how the remediation method influences the formation of the pigment complex in Scots pine, Pinus sylvestris L., growing on technogenic land.
Thorough understanding of the influence produced by a heterogeneous environment on the content and distribution of pigments in conifers enables us to study the adaptive mechanisms of the species more comprehensively. In turn, information about these mechanisms can be used to create new methods for improving the quality and stability of tree stands.
Purpose. The study was designed to explore the effect of the remediation method on the pigment complex forming in Scots pine during a post-technogenic succession in southern Karelia.
Material and methods. Surveys were carried out in adjacent sample plots located in a decommissioned sand-and-gravel quarry and in a natural lingonberry-type pine forest site in July 2021 and 2022. The study objects were Scots pine trees growing in a natural forest site and in quarry sites remediated by forest planting. The optical density of the solutions was determined using SF-2000 spectrophotometer. Statistical data processing was done using Statistica 10 software (StatSoft Inc., USA).
Results. During the two years of the study, the pigment content was the highest in needles of the trees growing on more fertile soils compared to those on poor man-made soils. The of Cl a /Cl b ratio in the needles of trees growing on poor soil was higher than in the fertilized area of the quarry or in the natural forest site in both years of the study, indicating that the plants’ pigment complex adapted to the unfavorable environmental conditions by increasing the proportion of Cl a among green pigments.
Conclusions. The findings prove that the remediation method has a significant shaping effect on the pigment profile of Scots pine during post-technogenic successions.
ATHEROSCLEROTIC CHANGES OF BRACHIOCEPHALIC ARTERIES IN DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS ACCORDING TO SONOGRAPHY
Authors: Boreyko Anna P. , Kulakova Taisiya D. , Lukina Svetlana F.
Published: September 2024

Background. One of the most frequent causes of death is considered to be stroke on the back of atherosclerosis of the extracranial carotid arteries. Detection of atherosclerosis at an early stage facilitates timely prevention and reduces the risk of developing of an acute cardiovascular event in the future.
Purpose. To evaluate the clinical significance of ultrasound in the diagnosis of atherosclerotic changes in the brachiocephalic arteries in people of different age groups.
Materials and methods. Echography of brachiocephalic arteries was performed among 155 people aged 45 to 89 years, who were randomized into 3 age groups. The middle–aged group included 56 people; the elderly group – 54 people; the senile group - 45 people. The processing of the results of the study was carried out in the programs Statistica 10 (StatSoft, USA).
Results. According to the data of sonography, atherosclerotic plaques were detected in 62.5% of the middle–aged group, 83.3% of the elderly group and 88.9% of senile age. Heterogeneous hypoechoic and calcified plaques are found only among people who are over 60 years old. Moderate stenosis was observed at the bifurcation of the common carotid artery in all age groups. Pronounced stenosis and critical vascular stenosis in the proximal part of the internal carotid artery are observed in senile age. The index of the maximum systolic velocity among people with atherosclerosis decreases with age. With increasing age, the level of vascular resistance increases.
Conclusion. Considering significant changes in the indicators of atherosclerotic manifestations already in middle age, in order to reduce the increase in population mortality from cardiovascular diseases, the healthcare system should introduce early ultrasound screening of brachiocephalic arteries for patients from 18 years of age.
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: A Review of Current Knowledge and Future Directions
Authors: Szczepaniak Zuzanna , Konopka Agata , Wdowiak Natalia , Lissak Karina , Komarów Małgorzata , Choinka Martyna , Karasińska Dominika , Kalisiak Jakub
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a group of diseases in which genetic defects occur that disturb the synthesis of cortisol. The most common variant of CAH (95%-99%) is caused by 21-hydroxylase deficiency as a result of mutations in the CYP21A2 gene and is one of the most common monogenic diseases. CAH is characterized by androgen overproduction along with variable degrees of cortisol and aldosterone deficiency. Age at diagnosis can provide some information about the underlying mutations, with those diagnosed at birth/early infancy being at greater risk of developing serious enzyme defects. Classic and non-classical forms of this disorder have been described in the literature. CAH diagnosis is based on the clinical presentation, hormonal panel, Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) stimulation test, and genetic testing. The main goals of treatment for congenital adrenal hyperplasia are glucocorticoid/mineralcorticoid supplementation, control of high adrenal androgen levels, fertility control, genetic counseling, and optimization of patients’ quality of life.
Purpose of the work: This study aims to review and characterize the clinical and pathophysiological aspects of congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
Materials and methods: A comprehensive analysis of research papers available on PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus was undertaken using the searchterms encompassing the following keywords: congenital adrenal hyperplasia, 21-hydroxylase deficiency, CYP21A2
Results: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia is a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders that can lead to serious and even fatal complications in the form of adrenal crisis. Therefore, screening tests and early diagnosis are crucial and can save the lives of newborns. Treatment should be individualized and allow patients to achieve normal growth, sexual development, fertility and a better quality of life.
Creatine supplementation: facts and myths
Authors: Kawecka Weronika , Zalewski Paweł , Wróblewski Wiktor , Biłogras Jan , Borowska Martyna , Wróblewski Jakub
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Creatine (N-methylguanidinoacetic acid) is a peptide built of three amino acids: glycine, arginine and methionine. Its function is to store energy. It is common practice to intake creatine as a dietary supplement. Because of that, we decided to try to answer the question if there are scientifically documented advantages of creatine supplementation.
Review method: We analyzed the newest research conducted from 2017 to 2024. The studies were searched in online databases like PubMed and Google Scholar. We focused on the impact of creatine supplementation on the ageing population, professional athletes, the course of some diseases, cognitive functions and body composition
Results: Creatine supplementation is beneficial in professional sports. There are some signals that creatine may worsen lung conditions in sportsmen. In the ageing population, creatine supplementation boosts the results of resistance training on ageing muscle performance. There are suggestions that in this population bone geometry changes due to a combination of training and creatine supplementation may be protective against hip fracture. Creatine can also enhance cognitive functions as well as lead to positive changes in body composition. Supplementation of creatine seems to reduce symptoms of long COVID-19. It may be also beneficial among children with dermatomyositis and patients with ischemic heart disease.
Conclusions: Creatine supplementation may be beneficial in some populations. It can also enhance cognitive functions as well as lead to changes in body composition. Some effects of creatine supplementation are still controversial and further investigation is needed to determine its usefulness.
Keywords: creatine, body composition, long COVID-19, ageing population, professional sport, cognitive functions, dermatomyositis, ischemic heart disease
The Role of Exercise in Improving Sleep Quality Across Sleep Disorders: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Paduch-Jakubczyk Wiktoria , Dubińska Michalina , Bilska Wiktoria , Ciułek Urszula , Dobosz Anna , Zduńczyk Wiktoria , Żydek Ada
Published: September 2024

Introduction and Objective: Sleep disturbances are increasingly common in the general population, posing significant public health challenges and economic burdens. Traditional treatments frequently fall short, leading to increased interest in physical activity as an alternative approach.  This review aims to evaluate the efficacy of exercise in improving sleep quality across various conditions, including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), insomnia, Parkinson’s Disease (PD), depression and the perimenopausal period.
Review and Methods:  The review draws from studies, including randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses, sourced via Google Scholar and PubMed.
State of Knowledge: Research highlights the significant public health impact of sleep disturbances. Studies suggest that regular exercise can improve sleep quality across conditions like OSA, PD, depression, and menopause. Traditional treatments, such as CPAP, psychotherapy, and medications, often have limitations. As a result, there is growing interest in using physical activity as alternative therapy or a complementary approach to enhance these existing options.
Conclusions: Exercise shows promise as a non-pharmacological intervention for sleep disorders, offering potential benefits for various conditions. Further research is needed to refine exercise protocols and understand its mechanisms. Integrating physical activity into treatment plans could enhance sleep quality and health outcomes alongside existing therapies.
Rigidez arterial e atividade física no lazer em agentes comunitárias de saúde: um estudo transversal
Authors: Azevedo Leticia Batista de , Martins Haysla Xavier , Siqueira Jordana Herzog , Alvim Rafael de Oliveira , Oliveira Ana Maria Abreu de , Jesus Hanna Carolina de , Faria Carolina Perim de , Molina Maria del Carmen Bisi
Published: September 2024

As prevalências de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis vêm crescendo na população, incluindo em profissionais da saúde, portanto, avaliou-se a ocorrência de rigidez arterial (RA) elevada segundo atividade física no lazer (AFL) através de estudo transversal realizado com agentes comunitárias de saúde (ACS) do sexo feminino de Vitória, Espírito Santo. A AFL foi avaliada pela versão longa do International Physical Activity Questionnaire e a RA foi mensurada pela Velocidade de Onda de Pulso carotídeo-femoral (VOPc-f ). As participantes foram consideradas ativas quando praticavam pelo menos 150 minutos/semana de AFL moderada ou 150 minutos/semana da soma da AFL moderada e vigorosa ou 75 minutos/semana de AFL vigorosa. Para a classificação da RA elevada foi utilizado o ponto de corte que considera valor de VOPc-f ≥ ao percentil 90 estratificado por sexo e faixa etária para população saudável. Foram executados testes estatísticos para comparação de proporções e médias. Um valor de p<0,05 foi considerado significativo. Foram avaliadas 221 ACS (média de idade 47,6 ± 8,6 anos). Observou-se inatividade física no lazer e RA elevada em cerca de 78% e 23% das participantes, respectivamente. Foi evidenciado maior percentual de RA elevada entre as ACS que não atingiram a recomendação de AFL (22,0%) em comparação às ativas fisicamente (6,0%) (p<0,001). Menores médias de AFL (15,6 ± 47,7) foram observadas entre as ACS com RA elevada (p = 0,020). Conclui-se que a ocorrência de RA elevada foi maior entre as ACS inativas no lazer. Sugere-se que a promoção de AFL seja estimulada entre os profissionais que trabalham na linha de frente do Sistema Único de Saúde, ainda que realizem atividades físicas relacionadas ao trabalho.
What Are the Firm Value Implications of SEC-Challenged Shareholder Proposals?
Authors: Couvert Maxime
Published: September 2024

The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) permits managers to request the exclusion of shareholder-initiated proposals. I construct a novel data set of excluded and withdrawn proposals from the SEC’s responses to managers’ requests. An examination of announcement returns to withdrawal and exclusion decisions demonstrates that SEC-challenged proposals are value destroying. I find that special interest investors pursuing self-serving agendas and retail investors advocating for one-size-fits-all reforms explain the value-destroying nature of SEC-challenged proposals. On average, the SEC challenge benefits firm value by filtering out these harmful proposals. However, a regression discontinuity design reveals that proposals the SEC refuses to exclude may receive majority shareholder support and destroy firm value.

This paper was accepted by Suraj Srinivasan, accounting.

Funding: I thank the Swiss Finance Institute for its generous financial support.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.01344 .
Competition in Optimal Stopping: Behavioral Insights
Authors: Rios Ignacio , Ghosh Pramit
Published: September 2024

Problem definition: We study settings where agents sequentially search among different options under competition. Motivated by labor markets and the allocation of kidneys from deceased donors, we focus on the effect of (i) the mechanism to collect decisions, that is, whether all agents make their decisions simultaneously or sequentially, and (ii) competition, that is, the number of agents who are searching from a shared pool of options. Methodology/results: We introduce a model of sequential search under competition, in which agents are exogenously prioritized and must decide when to stop their search to maximize the chosen option’s value. We characterize the optimal policy, which defines a sequence of thresholds that dictates when each agent should accept an option based on their priority relative to others still searching and the number of remaining options. Our analysis reveals that neither the mechanism for collecting agents’ decisions nor the number of lower-priority agents influences the optimal policy. To test these predictions, we designed and conducted a laboratory experiment replicating our theoretical model. The results indicate significant deviations from the optimal policy. Moreover, we find that the mechanism significantly affects agents’ decisions due to primarily two drivers: (i) saliency of competition and (ii) frustration. Finally, we identify an “illusion of competition” effect, whereby agents use significantly lower thresholds when the number of agents with lower priority increases. Managerial implications: Our results show that a higher perception of competition and using a simultaneous mechanism (i.e., batch offering) significantly decrease the thresholds that agents use to guide their search, making them stop their search earlier. Thus, clearinghouses that suffer from inefficient discard of options should increase the saliency of competition and use batch offerings to reduce agents’ selectivity and mitigate waste.

Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2022.0621 .
Development of Toothpaste Containing Morus alba Stem Extract and Its Antimicrobial Activity Against Oral Pathogens
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand, Pitaksuteepong Tasana ,   Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand, Chatthong Angkanee ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand, Meepian Anyaphat ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand, Jobsri Jantipa ,   Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
Published: September 2024

Oxyresveratrol has been reported to combat the microorganisms that lead to gingival inflammation and tooth decay. The previous study found that Morus alba stems contained a high amount of oxyresveratrol compared to other parts of the tree. Therefore, the objectives of this research were to develop a toothpaste containing M. alba stem extract (MSE) and to evaluate its antimicrobial activity against oral pathogens. The ethanolic extract was first prepared, and its oxyresveratrol content was analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Various toothpastes containing MSE were developed and characterized for the required characteristics. The toothpastes that satisfied the requirements were then chosen and subjected to a stability test. Lastly, the effectiveness of MSE and the most stable toothpaste in suppressing oral pathogens was assessed. Analysis of the MSE showed that oxyresveratrol was present at 8.74% by weight. The toothpaste containing 0.25% MSE was successfully developed. It showed good physical and chemical characteristics: the desired color, odor, and taste, with the right quantity of foam, a pH in the range of 5.5–10.5, and did not exhibit phase separation. Stability testing showed that it retained the required characteristics. MSE inhibited Porphyromonas gingivalis more effectively than Streptococcus mutans. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of MSE against P. gingivalis and S. mutans were 62.50 µg/mL and 4 mg/mL, whereas the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values were 125 µg/mL and 4 mg/mL. The toothpaste containing MSE effectively inhibited the growth of P. gingivalis and S. mutans, the causes of periodontitis and tooth decay.
Diacronía prosódica del discurso formal en la España del siglo XX
Authors: Hidalgo Navarro Antonio
Published: September 2024

Este trabajo aporta información sobre algunos cambios suprasegmentales experimentados a lo largo del siglo xx en España en relación con discursos formales políticos e informativos. El corpus consta de 10 fragmentos de audio pertenecientes a los años 30 y 90 del siglo pasado, cuyos intervinientes son relevantes en su ámbito profesional de acción. Teniendo en cuenta su frecuencia en el corpus estudiado, se ha descrito el comportamiento diferencial de la F0 en los contornos entonativos (presencia/ausencia de ascensos entonativos interiores, énfasis tonal final de cada contorno, promedio de F0 de cada contorno entonativo), del promedio de duración de cada grupo entonativo, del promedio de velocidad de habla, del promedio de intensidad y la mayor/menor presencia de vacilaciones de habla. El análisis acústico de los resultados permite apuntar algunas tendencias asociadas a los diferentes periodos estudiados.
Archives of Dissent: First Friday, the Unauthorized News and the Legacy of Haunani-Kay Trask
Authors: Vaughn Kēhaulani
Published: September 2024

Abstract: On March 11, 2022, 'Ōlelo TV aired its last episode of First Friday: The Unauthorized News , which honored the life and accomplishments of Dr. Haunani-Kay Trask. Running intermittently for over thirty-five years, First Friday covered news and perspectives not discussed by local and mainstream media sources in Hawai'i. The show was initially formed in equal collaboration between John Witeck, Jo Scheder, Haunani-Kay Trask, and David Stannard and cohosted by Stannard, Trask, and later her sister Mililani Trask. First Friday included discussions of Hawaiian sovereignty that unapologetically centered Hawaiian viewpoints. The show aimed to educate and empower its viewers to get involved in local, state, and international politics, and was a significant example of independent news media. Although First Friday covered a range of topics both local and global, this essay begins to trace the legacy of Haunani-Kay Trask through her conversations on sovereignty on First Friday and her refusal of Americanness.
The Citizen as a Public Health Actor: Complaints as Public Engagement with Aedes Mosquito Control in Singapore, 1965–1985
Authors: Sim Timothy
Published: September 2024

summary: In 1986, the World Health Organization heralded Singapore as a model for the control of dengue fever, a viral disease spread by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. Between 1965 and 1985, public health officials successfully employed educational campaigns and mandatory home inspections to convince citizens to guard against mosquito breeding at home. Although this story appears to recapitulate standard narratives of top-down progress in Singapore, this paper argues that the significant role of the public in public health has been overlooked. Citizens complained frequently, sometimes publicly, to public health authorities and often compelled direct responses from them. Through these complaints, citizens modified official anti-mosquito measures and expanded the reach of public health. Public health in Singapore thus appears not simply as the imposition of an autonomous state’s vision onto a docile or even resistant citizenry but as a coevolution of the state and the public.
Law and Religion: Convergence and Divergence on the Island of Ireland
Authors: Doyle Oran , Kenny David , McCrudden Christopher
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT: Religion has played a huge role in the history of Ireland and Northern Ireland. There has been little comparative analysis, however, of the legal elements of this topic. This paper maps legal developments relating to religion to consider convergence and divergence since partition. It focuses on three distinct areas of engagement between law and religion: freedom of religion, religious discrimination, and ethical–moral claims with a religious dimension, such as abortion and contraception. The paper concludes that law's engagement with religion has differed markedly in some respects across the two jurisdictions, while remaining remarkably similar in others. While legal change since partition has sometimes been either an outcome or a reflection of underlying political, economic and social forces, at other times the law itself has been a major factor in social change. The paper concludes by considering forces that might drive further convergence or divergence on the island of Ireland.
Nabokov's Madeleine: Voluntary, Involuntary, and Photographic Memory in Speak, Memory
Authors: Fouirnaies Christine
Published: September 2024

Abstract: This article elucidates Vladimir Nabokov's engagement with Proustian concepts of memory by examining the illustrations that he added to Speak, Memory: An Autobiography Revisited (1966). Marcel Proust famously denigrated photography, associating the medium with voluntary and thus to him inauthentic memory (in contrast to authentic, involuntary memories, the kind most famously prompted by the In Search of Lost Time madeleine cake). Nabokov also draws parallels between photography and voluntary memory, but unlike Proust, these are presented as commendable aspects that also characterize his own memory work in his autobiography. Nabokov's references to photography in the main text of Speak, Memory and the way he treats photographs in his captions thus highlight Nabokov's difference from Proust in his valorization of consciousness in aesthetic production. Further unsettling Proust's understanding of photography, Nabokov's manuscript notes and the resulting captions demonstrate that the photographs did incite the kind of unintentional memories that In Search of Lost Time champions. Nabokov's captions can thus be seen as sites where he gives expression to more immediate, less processed responses to his past. Approaching the illustrations as privileged points of access to Nabokov's sentiments, the article ends by probing what the compilation of photographs and the writerly responses to them reveal about his affective relationship to family members and to Russia.
Ada's Hide and Seek
Authors: Boyd Brian
Published: September 2024

Abstract: Even for compulsive re-readers and annotators, Ada continues to yield important surprises. Some I have noticed after only a half-century of intense engagement with the novel (especially "you goose," and new aspects of "fire," "burn," French, and fairy-tales) take the form of internal echoes which could in theory be noticed by ideal first-time readers but which Nabokov hides under our noses by relying on the limits of human memory and attention, the differences of context, and the overloadedness of other, more foregrounded, patterns and allusions. The patterns reveal much about the key characters and their contrasting natures and relationships, about the novel's ethics, structure, and implications, and about Nabokov's epistemology and understanding of reader and character psychology.