bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrasi Islamic Storytelling Menggunakan Media Televisi untuk Meningkatkan Perilaku Positif dan Atensi Anak dengan Gangguan Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Authors: Putri Oktarisanti Syahda , Iryanti Shobah Shofariyani , Fuad Ai Fatimah Nur
Published: September 2024

Data statistik di Indonesia menunjukkan bahwa populasi anak sekolah yang menderita gangguan ADHD saat ini mencapai 26,4 persen, yang berarti bahwa 1 dari 5 anak dan remaja di bawah usia 18 tahun mengalami masalah kesehatan jiwa. Setidaknya, terdapat 16 juta anak yang mengalami gangguan Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Subjek penelitian ini adalah anak-anak berusia 5 hingga 12 tahun yang mengalami gangguan ADHD. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan pengaruh dari pengintegrasian Islamic storytelling yang disampaikan melalui media televisi terhadap anak-anak yang mengalami gangguan Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Penelitian mengenai anak dengan gangguan ADHD masih terbatas di Indonesia.. Penelitian ini menggunanakn model kualitatif dengan cara studi kasus, studi literatur, studi lapangan, observasi, dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa integrasi islamic storytelling pada anak dengan gangguan ADHD dapat membantu meningkatkan atensi dan memperbaiki tindakan impulsif menjadi perilaku positif pada anak dengan gangguan ADHD.  Islamic storytelling yang dipilih disesuaikan dengan jenis tindakan impulsif yang dilakukan. Salah satunya mengenai larangan berbicara kasar.
Human-centered Artificial Intelligence Development
Authors: Sun Zhaohao , Wei Xuehui
Published: September 2024

Few researchers provide a wider vision of artificial feet, hands, mouths, eyes, ears, and brains. This limits our vision of them and their significant impacts on the modern Industrial Revolution and Artificial Intelligence (AI) history.  This article presents a novel perspective on human-centered social development starting from artificial feet. After briefly reviewing AI, this article explores the age of AI and artificial feet, hands, mouths, eyes, ears, and brains. It also applies AI to artificial feet and artificial brains. The research reveals that artificial feet are one of the origins of the Industrial Revolution and a real foundation of AI. The study demonstrates that artificial feet and brains liberate our body and society, whereas from artificial brains to artificial feet is control of our body and society. This article also looks at AI's trends and challenges. The approach in this article will facilitate the research and development of big data, analytics, and intelligences.
A clinical expert system for Noma disease diagnosis
Authors: Eyinade Adegoke  , Susan Konyeha  , Samuel Omaji  , Ijegwa David Acheme
Published: September 2024

Noma disease, a devastating necrotizing infection primarily affecting children in the poor regions of Africa, poses significant challenges for early diagnosis and intervention. An estimated recurrence rate per 100,000 people in these nations is 20 occurrences per year. Noma disease swiftly spreads to other parts of the mouth, including the lips, tongue, cheek, nose, and teeth. This eventually results in the bones and soft tissues being totally damaged and necrosed over. Children in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, and Senegal, are the most susceptible. This paper, presents an Expert system for diagnosing Noma disease. The expert system analyzes patient symptoms and reliably identifies Noma disease using a rule-based inference engine. Expert knowledge acquired from medical specialists with a focus on Noma disease forms the foundation of the Expert system's knowledge base. Through the user interface implemented as a web application, the Expert system asks users to enter their symptoms. In order to assess the possibility of Noma disease and produce precise diagnoses, it applies the established guidelines and information. The system presented in this work, has various benefits; large volumes of patient data, speed, complexity, and successful analysis of intricate symptom correlations are all capabilities of the proposed system. In addition, it provides recommendations and feedbacks in real-time, assisting medical practitioners in making clinical decisions process.
Spasticity: A general outlook of pathogenesis and current management
Authors: Felix Siaw-Debrah  , Mark Kusah Nyanzu  , Gabriel Ayenyimah Apusiyene  , Emmanuel Adjei-Osei
Published: September 2024

Spasticity is an upper motor neuron disorder demonstrated by a velocity-dependent increased muscle tone, clonus, spastic dystonia or tonic stretch hypertonia. It is seen in conditions, such as traumatic brain and spine injury, stroke, hypoxic brain damage multiple sclerosis, degenerative diseases etc. The incidence of spasticity remains variable amongst different conditions. For example, in stroke patients, about 38-40% of patients would develop some degree of spasticity with about 16% requiring treatment. Incidence varies from between 27% in acute-subacute phase to about 42.6% per month in the chronic phase (> 3 months). Furthermore, there is an estimated 40%patients with spinal cord injury living with spasticity with some data estimating a higher figure (78%). Management of this condition which impact patients and caregivers are therefore of essence. Currently there are various treatment modalities available for management. The aim of this review is to discuss the pathophysiology, experimental studies of spasticity and to highlight various therapeutic strategies for management of spasticity.
Advancements in electric vehicle battery technology: Improving range and charging efficiency
Authors: Somashekarappa M
Published: September 2024

This research paper delves into the significant advancements in electric vehicle (EV) battery technology, focusing on key areas that directly influence driving range and charging efficiency—two critical factors in the widespread adoption of EVs. The paper explores the evolution of battery materials, highlighting breakthroughs such as silicon anodes, which offer higher energy density, and solid-state electrolytes, which enhance both safety and performance. The study also examines innovative cell designs, including the integration of structural batteries into vehicle frames and the optimization of space and weight through cell-to-pack technology. Furthermore, the paper reviews advancements in charging technology, such as ultra-fast charging systems, wireless charging, and smart charging algorithms, which are essential for reducing charging times and improving overall efficiency. Through a comprehensive analysis of these technological developments and their implications, this paper aims to provide a detailed overview of the current state and future prospects of EV battery technology, offering insights into how these innovations are driving the future of sustainable transportation.
Evaluation of logistics factors on successful delivery of building construction projects in South East Nigeria
Authors: Ibeawuchi Justin Obinna  , Ubani Emmanuel Chinenye  , Anyanwu Columbus Ikechukwu  , Echeme Ibeawuchi Ifeanyi  , Enyinna Gregory Chimere
Published: September 2024

In most construction locations, many of the projects are facing logistic difficulties due to poor material coordination and inefficient planning. Therefore, this study developed a regression model to evaluate successful project delivery with respect to building construction logistics critical factors. The instruments for data collection and measurement were well-structured questionnaires on a Likert five-point scale, and also a semi-structured in-depth interview with personal observation to obtain responses from construction firms. The survey results were analyzed and interpreted with the use of SPSS software. It was found that the prediction of successful project delivery by the building construction logistic critical factors was not very reliable, with coefficients of determination and correlation of 36.4% and 60.3%, respectively. It was further revealed that only four out of seven critical logistic factor groups have a significant influence on achieving successful project delivery, while three critical logistic factors have no influence on project delivery.
Green Entrepreneurship Batik Wijaya, a Strategy to Increase the Income of Pungsari Village Community, Plupuh Subdistrict, Sragen Regency
Authors: Rahmawati Rahmawati , Amperawati Endang Dwi , Nurlaela Siti , Rochmatullah Mahameru Rosy , Arifah Siti
Published: September 2024

This community service activity was carried out in the Pungsari area, Plupuh District, Sragen Regency, in collaboration with UKM Batik Wijaya and the Sragen Regency Government. The purpose of this activity is to foster green entrepreneurship at a UKM Batik Wijaya so that it can increase the income of the surrounding community while still paying attention to the concept of environmentally sound business sustainability. UKM Batik Wijaya produces batik products that are not inferior when compared to other SMEs. Participation of participants in this activity shows high enthusiasm in an effort to increase creativity and innovation in the production of UKM Wijaya. After the implementation of this activity, it is hoped that it can increase the income of the community, especially those who are members of UKM Wijaya and create a healthier environment in Pungsari Village.
Systematic literature review : Overview of the implementation of interactive multimedia on learning outcomes in mathematics learning
Authors: Sutomo Woro Anglia Banda , Turmudi
Published: September 2024

Multimedia interaktif telah menjadi sarana efektif dalam media pembelajaran. Dalam mata pelajaran matematika, multimedia interaktif dapat memberikan kontribusi untuk meningkatkan pemahaman yang berkaitan dengan hasil belajar matematika. Melibatkan elemen – elemen multimedia seperi animasi, suara, video dan simulasi dapat membuat siswa ikut andil dalam menggambarkan konsep - konsep matematika dengan cara yang lebih visual dan dinamis. Akan tetapi, pendidikan matematika di Indonesia masih terbatas dalam menggunakan multimedia interaktif, sehingga peneliti ingin mengidentifikasi dan memberikan gambaran yang luas tentang penggunaan multimedia interaktif terhadap hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran matematika. Metode penelitian yang dipilih dalam penelitian ini adalah Systematic Literature Review.Studi primer yang digunakan yaitu artikel yang dipublikasikan periode 2019-2023. Berdasarkan penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa terdapat 188 artikel mengenai penggunaan multimedia interaktif terhadap hasil belajar matematika pada semua jenjang pendidikan dengan 4 jenis multimedia interaktif. Ditemukan artikel yang berindeks Sinta X merupakan artikel terbanyak dalam publikasi dengan demografi penelitian tertinggi di Pulau Jawa. Penelitian dengan metode Research and Development merupakan penelitian yang paling banyak ditemukan.
 
Interactive multimedia has become an effective means of learning media. Interactive multimedia in mathematics learning can contribute to increasing understanding related to mathematics learning outcomes. Involving multimedia elements such as animation, sound, video and simulations can make students take part in depicting mathematical concepts in a more visual and dynamic way. However, mathematics education in Indonesia is still limited in using interactive multimedia, so researchers want to identify and provide a broad picture of the use of interactive multimedia on student learning outcomes in mathematics learning. The research method chosen in this research is Systematic Literature Review. This research aims to systematically present and analyze relevant literature that has been published on this topic. The primary study used is articles published in the 2019-2023 period. Based on this research, it was found that there were 188 articles regarding the use of interactive multimedia on mathematics learning outcomes at all levels of education with 4 types of interactive multimedia. It was found that articles with the Sinta X index were the most articles in publications with the highest research demographics on the island of Java. Research using the Research and Development method is the research that is most often found
Hemp as A Sustainable Carbon Negative Plant: A Review of Its Properties, Applications, Challenges and Future Directions
Authors:   Victoria University, Muttil Nitin , Sadath Sayaad ,   Victoria University, Coughlan Darren ,   Greater Western Water, Paresi Prudvireddy ,   Federation University, Singh Swadesh Kumar ,   Victoria University
Published: September 2024

Hemp is a versatile plant from the Cannabis sativa species, that has gained significant attention in recent years due to its potential to contribute to sustainable development and climate change mitigation. Hemp has the remarkable ability to absorb and store carbon dioxide not just during its growth phase, but also during its application and thus has the potential to be carbon negative. With the alarming global increase in carbon emissions and its implications, the cultivation and application of hemp can be a valuable tool in mitigating climate change. Although hemp is a versatile plant with many countries like Canada and China leading the way in its cultivation, it still faces challenges in Australia in terms of its acceptance, cultivation and widespread application. Much more needs to be done in terms of gaining a better understanding of the potential of hemp, growth opportunities, future prospects and challenges in further developing the industry. This review paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of hemp's properties, applications, challenges, and future directions in the context of its role as a sustainable carbon-negative plant. The review begins by exploring the unique properties of hemp that make it an ideal candidate for carbon sequestration. The review also examines the diverse range of applications for hemp across multiple industries, ranging from construction materials, paper and packaging to biofuels and edible oil. The review has also identified several challenges and barriers to hemp's widespread adoption as a sustainable carbon-negative plant.
Power Quality Improvement in Distribution System Using IRP Theory with SMC
Authors:   Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Chenchireddy Kalagotla , Jegathesan V ,   Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences
Published: September 2024

This article discusses how to improve power quality in distribution systems by combining (Instantaneous Reactive Power) IPR theory with (Sliding Mode Control) SMC. The distribution system has numerous power quality issues. This paper concentrated primarily on source-side current harmonics. The primary goal of this paper is to reduce source-side current harmonics while also balancing DC-link capacitor voltage. The SMC is used to control the d- and q-axis reference currents. The IPR theory is used in distribution to calculate active and reactive power. The SMC based on IPR theory reduced source current harmonics while maintaining constant DC-link capacitor voltage. The results of MATLAB/Simulation are compared to those of PI and SMC. SMC findings exhibit superior performance than the PI controller.
Performance of Gallium-Erbium Fiber Amplifier in a Double-Pass Configuration
Authors:   Multimedia University, Samsudin Syafiq Irfan , Ibrahim Siti Azlida ,   Multimedia University, Mansoor Amilia ,   Multimedia University, Musa Siti Musliha Aishah ,   OSRAM OPTO Semiconductors (M) Sdn. Bhd, D. Dambul Katrina ,   Multimedia University, Md. Yusoff Nelidya ,   Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Abdul Rashid Hairul Azhar ,   Multimedia University
Published: September 2024

In a previous amplifier setup, a Gallium co-doped Erbium fiber (Ga-EDF) with a length of 2 m has been used as a gain medium. The amplifier which was designed as a single-pass configuration, achieving a highest gain of 22.45 dB. In this paper, the Ga-EDF amplifier is designed as a double-pass setup. The gain and noise figure at the input signal’s wavelength of 1520 nm - 1580 nm is investigated at various input powers, which are from -30 dBm to 0 dBm. This study compares the performance of the amplifiers as it is pumped by a laser signal at the wavelength of 980 nm and 1480 nm, with a power of 140 mW. The amplifier obtained the highest gain of 36.62 dB and 35.77 dB for the pump wavelength of 980 nm and 1480 nm, respectively. The corresponding noise figures are 3.48 dB and 5.01 dB, which occurs at the input signal’s wavelength of 1555 nm. The results indicate that the double-pass Ga-EDF amplifier pumped at 1480 nm outperforms the single pass Ga-EDF amplifier by 15.08 dB, with a comparable noise figure. The results also show that the double-pass Ga-EDF’s performance are comparable at both pump wavelengths.
Assessing Traffic Performance: Comparative Study of Human and Automated HGVs in Urban Intersections and Highway Segments
Authors:   Çankaya University, Almusawi Ali , Albdairi Mustafa ,   Çankaya University, Mohiuddin Qadr Syed Shah Sultan ,   Çankaya University
Published: September 2024

This study conducts a comparative analysis of traf�ic dynamics at urban signalized intersections and on highways, incorporating both human-operated and automated heavy goods vehicles (HGVs) using the PTV VISSIM simulation model. It examines the impacts of automated driving technologies on critical traf�ic performance metrics such as queue length, travel time, vehicle delay, emissions, and fuel consumption. Initial �indings indicate that automation in HGVs enhances traf�ic �low, particularly by reducing queue lengths and vehicle delays. However, varying levels of automation from cautious to aggressive reveal complex trade-offs between operational ef�iciency and environmental impacts. On highways, automated HGVs demonstrate superior performance by reducing travel times and delays while increasing throughput compared to human-driven HGVs. These results underscore the operational bene�its of automated HGVs under diverse traf�ic conditionsand highlight their signi�icant implications for transportation planning and policy-making. This research contributes valuable insights into the integration of automated technologies in transportation systems, facilitating informed decision-making for stakeholders considering the adoption of these advancements in the current infrastructure.
Removal of Ammonia and Colour from Landfill Leachate using Integrated Electrocoagulation-Zeolite Adsorption Processes
Authors:   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Akbar Nor Azliza , Abdul Rahim Muhamad Hazwan ,   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Hakimi Muhammad Nasiruddin ,   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Ismail Badrul Nizam ,   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Mohd Zin Nur Shaylinda ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Abd Hamid Mohd Azhar ,   Jabatan Pengurusan Sisa Pepejal Negara, Said Mohamad Sazali ,   Universiti Kuala Lumpur Malaysian Spanish Institute
Published: September 2024

The amount of waste generated in Malaysia had increased annually due to both economic and population accelerations. This resulted in an increase in leachate production that contains a high amount of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and colour, which is a severe problem for both environments as well as for human health. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the potential of Electrocoagulation (EC) – zeolite adsorption for removing NH3-N and colour from landfill leachate. In the experimental works, two batch studies consist of batch EC using aluminium (Al) cylindrical electrode and batch adsorption study using clinoptilolite zeolites adsorbent were conducted using leachate sample collected from Pulau Burung Sanitary Landfill (PBSL). The batch EC experiment was carried out to determine the optimum removal of NH3-N and colour by the effect of current density (7 - 35 mA/mm2), initial pH (5 - 9), electrolysis time (0 - 90 minutes) and inter-electrode distance (5 - 25 mm). An integrated EC - zeolite adsorption was carried out under the optimum condition of 2.0 g/150 mL adsorbent dosage, contact time of 100 minutes and an initial pH value of 8. Based on the experiment, almost 50% of NH3-N and 95% of colour were removed using a single EC under the optimum current density of 14.0 mA/mm2, pH 5, electrolysis time of 75 minutes and 15 mm of inter-electrode distance. A comparison of colour removal between single EC and EC-Zeolite showed the same degradation performance. The interaction of hydrogen ion (H+) with aluminium hydroxide ion (Al (OH)3) produces during EC stabilises small particles forming larger sludge that reduces colour concentration. The removal of NH3-N increased from 50.0% to 93% when EC was integrated with clinoptilolite zeolite adsorption. In conclusion, the results show that both processes can potentially remove colour while the integrated process effectively removes NH3-N from landfill leachate. The proposed treatment helps optimise process performance while minimising the operational cost of the treatment. Thus, the proposed integrated EC – zeolite adsorption processes can be an alternative to landfill leachate treatment which aligns with the 12thMalaysia Plan to reduce pollution and carbon emissions to become a carbon neutral nation as early as 2050.
KONSEP PEMBAHARUAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM MENURUT NAHDATUL ULAMA
Authors: Rizal Afri Eki , Iswantir Iswantir
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji scara sederhana tentang konsep Pendidikan di bawah naungan Nu mulai dari sejak berdirinya sampai sekarang. Dalam sejarahnya, keberadaan organisasi NU memang tidak lepas dari sejarah pendidikan nusantara di negeri ini. Terdapat visi dan misi khusus yang diusung oleh NU dalam pendirian organisasinya dan beragam lembaga yang ada di bawah naungannya. Visi tersebut adalah ajaran Aswaja dan misinya adalah pemberdayaan umat. Pengejawantahan visi dan misi tersebut dilakukan melalui media pendidikan, dakwah dan beragam aktualisasi diri lain dengan sarana lembaga-lembaga yang tersedia. Konsep pendidikan Nadhaltul Ulama tidak luput dari perkembangan dakwah  dan  proses  pondok  pesantren  yang  ada  dipulau  Jawa  dalam  hal  ini KH.Hasyim Asy‟ari  selaku pendidiri organisasi berserta para kyiai  lainya  ikut ambil  dalam  pendidikan  Nahdlutul Ulama.  Oraganisasi Nahdhatul  ulama  yang menjadi  organisasi  terbanyak di  Indonesia pada  mulanya  di  katergorikan  dalam tradisionalis, serta awal konsep pendidikan dilakukan oleh KH. Hasyim Asy‟ari yang bermula di pondok  pesantren  sehingga  mengalami  pembaharuan  konsep pendidikan    baik    formal    maupun    nonformal    yang    melalui    konsep    dasar epistimologi dan Anologi pembelajaran serta metode dalam pembelajaran
Венгерская рецепция Достоевского до 1920-х гг. в контексте европейского и венгерского модернизма
Authors: Дуккон Агнеш
Published: September 2024

Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit der Frage der Dostojewski-Rezeption in Ungarn in den letzten Jahrzehnten des 19. und in den ersten beiden Jahrzehnten des 20. Jahrhunderts. Der Autor untersucht das wachsende Interesse an Dostojewski im Kontext der neuen Tendenzen in Kunst und Literatur und gibt einen detaillierten Überblick über die charakteristischsten Reaktionen (z.B. Rezensionen, Studien, Einführungen zu den Büchern) auf die neuen Übersetzungen und Ausgaben von Dostojewskis Werken. Zu den wichtigsten Fragen gehören die Stereotype über die russische Kultur und die Menschen, die in den vergangenen Jahrhunderten in Ungarn lebten, die verschiedenen Interpretationen von Schuld und Sühne und einige vergleichende Aspekte in den Analysen dieses Romans.
Женские архетипы бунинских образов
Authors: Рац Ильдико Мария
Published: September 2024

Die Religionsphilosophie und die Gestaltung der ästhetischen Erfahrungen des russischen „Silbernen Zeitalters“ wurden maßgeblich von der Ideologie, Sophiologie und Liebesphilosophie Wladimir Solowjows beeinflusst. Obwohl sich der russische Nobelpreisträger und Exilschriftsteller Iwan Bunin bewusst von den ideologischen und poetischen Bestrebungen des russischen Symbolismus distanzierte, sind die philosophischen Wurzeln von Bunins Prosa nach 1910 in der russischen Religionsphilosophie und den Lehren der östlichen Religionsphilosophien (Buddhismus und Taoismus) zu finden. Bunins Liebesphilosophie wird grundlegend von seiner dualistischen Weltanschauung geprägt, wo in den „engelhaften“ und „dämonischen“ Gegensatzpaaren seiner weiblichen Figuren spiegelt sich die „himmlische“ und „irdische“ Liebesdichotomie wider. Weil die erstere die Verkörperung des unerreichbaren Ideals des Ewig-Weiblichen ist, ist die letztere, die Femme Fatale, die Trägerin der Körpergenüsse, der Sexualität. Unter den weiblichen Heldinnen des Autors befinden sich der Avatar der Weisen Frau (als Verkörperung jener uralten, archaischen Weisheit) oder die Emanation der Isis (als Verkörperung der kosmischen Energie über den Gesetzen von Leben und Tod auf der Erde). Und wie die Symbole von Yin und Yang in der chinesischen Philosophie bergen auch Bunins Frauenfiguren etwas von ihrem eigenen Gegensatzpaar in sich.
Иносказательность в романе Бориса Акунина «Пелагия и черный монах»
Authors: Молнар Ангелика
Published: September 2024

Der Artikel befasst sich mit dem allegorischen Spiel in Boris Akunins Kriminalroman „Pelagia und der schwarze Mönch”. Der Autor konzentriert sich auf die Transformation der Hauptbilder im modernen Werk. Periphrasen und Vergleiche werden dann untersucht, die Entlarvung und Erneuerung redundanter Tropen, Spott, dann die Erneuerung gelöschter Tropen und die Schaffung neuer Metaphern, insbesondere solcher, die sich auf Farbe, Natur und andere Bilder beziehen (z.B. Schwarz, Glanz). Die figurative Anordnung des Romantextes bietet solche potenziell neue Korrelationen, die den Interpretationsplan des Romans in eine neue und unerwartete Richtung erweitern und auf eine wahrhaft postmoderne Überarbeitung von Sprache, Literatur und poetischen Klischees hinweisen.Dabei spielen auch Details eine wichtige Rolle (vgl. Z. Hajnády).
Знакомство с историей России от Средних веков до наших дней
Authors: Кадар Анна Каталин
Published: September 2024

Die unten beschriebene Sammlung von Aufsätzen ist eine wissenschaftlich-informative Auswahl, die dem Geburtstag von Professor Gyula Szvák gewidmet ist. Sie veröffentlicht neue Forschungsergebnisse ungarischer Wissenschaftler zur historischen Vergangenheit der slawischen Völker Mittel- und Osteuropas und der Russen. Thematisch ist das Buch reich an kurzen Artikeln über die mittelalterliche Mongolenherrschaft, die politischen Ambitionen des russischen Reiches, die Geschichte der Sowjetunion und viele andere Themen. Der Wert der Sammlung liegt darin, dass die Herausgeber ermöglicht haben, Analysen von prominenten Vertretern der ungarischen Russistik mit dem Ziel der Vollständigkeit zu präsentieren.
THE EFFECT OF THE ELECTRODE CONNECTION METHOD ON THE CONDUCTIVITY OF THE POLYMER-METAL STRUCTURE IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF PIPELINE DEFORMATIONS
Authors:   Institute of Chemical Technologies and Engineering in Sterlitamak USPTU, Yakovlev A.O. , Tayupov M.M. ,   Institute of Molecule and Crystal Physics – Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Fanakova N.N. ,   Institute of Chemical Technologies and Engineering in Sterlitamak USPTU
Published: September 2024

In the presented work, using the example of polymethylmethacrylate and a steel pipe layout, the dependence of the potential barrier at the metal/polymer interface on the elastic deformation of steel is investigated. Organic polymer materials with a large band gap, such as polymethylmethacrylate, demonstrate outstanding electronic properties in films provided that the thickness of the latter is less than the penetration depth of the surface charge. Despite the fact that it is amorphous, the electrical conductivity in it can reach quite high values. By changing the parameters of the potential barrier at the metal/polymer interface, in structures containing polymethylmethacrylate, it is possible to make a transition from a low-conducting state to a high-conducting one, that is, to realize the effect of electronic switching. The studies were carried out using various methods of mounting the registration electrodes on the polymer/metal structure. It has been shown that the method of connecting the registration electrodes to the pipes under study using a magnet is simple, fast and the most promising for use in difficult climatic conditions compared to other methods considered. It has been established that magnetic fields with induction up to 0.4 T do not affect the electrophysical properties of metal/polymer/metal structures, provided that non-magnetic metals are used as registration electrodes.
FOREIGN POLICY OF THE USSR IN THE 1950–1980S AND PUBLIC MOOD OF CITIZENS (BASED ON MATERIALS OF THE BASHKIR ASSR)
Authors:   Order of the Badge of Honour Institute of History, Language and Literature – Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Isyangulov Sh.N.
Published: September 2024

The article examines the perception of the population of Bashkiria about the foreign policy of the USSR and major international events in the second half of the 1950s – early 1980s. In domestic historiography, the problem remains insufficiently studied. The main sources were newspaper publications and memos, certificates from the Bashkir regional committee, district and city committees of the CPSU on the reaction of the population of the republic to certain international events and foreign policy actions of the USSR. Party certificates and memos often contain “unhealthy” statements from citizens. However, by the end of the period under study, negative information in the sources practically disappears. Despite the fact that these types of sources have shortcomings, they allow us to answer the question of the population’s reaction to international events during the period under review. The majority of the population had a positive assessment of the foreign policy of the USSR in the second half of the 1950s – the first half of the 1980s and supported it. At the same time, some citizens, during a period of worsening international relations, called for more decisive action. Citizens' opinions were also influenced by insufficient coverage of foreign policy events in the Soviet media. Citizens often complained that newspapers did not cover the politics of certain countries. The lack of information led to the use of alternative media, in particular, to listening to broadcasts from Western radio stations. Thus, in 1968, in connection with the events in Czechoslovakia, based on the nature of some questions asked at party and general meetings, the Bashkir Regional Committee of the CPSU concluded that individual citizens, in addition to Soviet information, use messages from the radio stations "Voice of America", "BBC Xi", "Free Europe", "Deutsche Welle" and others. During international crises, part of the country's population became alarmed about the possible outbreak of a new war. The greatest indignation and dissatisfaction of citizens was caused by the USSR's material and financial assistance to “third” countries.
FEATURES OF WORK OF MEDICAL WORKERS IN THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN
Authors:   nstitute of Strategic Researches of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Migunova Yu.V.
Published: September 2024

The article discusses the features of the labor activity of medical workers as a professional group. The information base of the article was the results of a sociological study conducted in the Republic of Bashkortostan among medical workers of the republic. The objectives of the study included assessing the degree of satisfaction of medical personnel with the level of their wages at their main place of work, characterizing the harmful factors of the working environment and the labor process that affect medical workers in the course of their work, as well as self-assessment of the state of health of physicians. Judging by the data received, the majority of physicians are not satisfied with the size of their wages. At the same time, representatives of the paramedical staff and doctors expressed the greatest dissatisfaction with it. Among those respondents who were satisfied with their salary, a significant part were the heads of medical organizations and their departments. Low wages were predominantly common among medical workers in rural areas. It was revealed that the production factors that have a dangerous impact on the health of medical workers are the intensity of the labor process associated with a high psychological burden, responsibility for the health of others, constant communication with sick people, biological factors due to the occupational risk of contracting a new coronavirus infection, viral hepatitis, tuberculosis and other infections, as well as excessive bureaucratic burden, filling out documents, reports that distract from medical work. A self-assessment of the incidence of medical workers showed that most of them are at occupational risk of contracting COVID-19, burnout syndrome, as well as varicose veins in the legs and cervicobrachial radiculopathy caused by static loads and uncomfortable positioning of the body in space during work. These facts indicate the severity and intensity of the work of medical workers, the high share of their responsibility for the health and life of patients, and the social significance of their professional activities. The level of wages that doctors currently have does not correspond to the high professional risks of their activities. These risks became especially clear during the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the work of medical personnel should be appreciated not only in terms of high wages, but also in terms of reducing the share of so-called non-core work that is not directly related to medical activities and work with patients. Non-core work implies a high percentage of bureaucratic workload, which complicates the performance of professional duties of medical workers and reduces its quality component.
Selective attention can bias moral learning from consequences.
Authors: Spiteri Glen William , Lieder Falk
Published: September 2024

Previous research found that people's decision-making is shaped by learning from the consequences of past decisions. We hypothesized that the decision strategy people learn depends on which of the outcomes of their previous decisions they attend to. We ran four pre-registered experiments to test whether manipulating people's attention could be an effective strategy for fostering moral learning in a social dilemma. Our findings show that when people attend to how a previous decision affected distant others, they learn to make subsequent decisions in a way that is less parochial. When they attend to how a previous decision affected an ingroup, they learn to make more parochial decisions.
Half of anthropogenic warming now caused by fossil fuels
Authors: Tarshish Nathaniel , Romps David , Fung Inez
Published: September 2024

Using recent emissions data and a climate emulator, the 2020s are identified as the decade during which fossil-fuel combustion likely becomes the dominant driver of global warming. Prior to 2020, other activities – including agricultural, forestry, and other land use – were likely the major contributors to warming. Before 1980, the net effect of fossil fuels was likely cooling, as their generation of sulfate aerosols dominated over the cumulative effect of their greenhouse gases. In recent decades, the accumulation of long-lived carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, alongside a decrease in sulfate emissions, has resulted in a substantial increase in the warming attributable to fossil fuels. This has led to fossil fuels and other activities contributing about equally to anthropogenic warming at present. On the other hand, fossil fuels are responsible for the vast majority of committed warming.
Symmetry in mesoscale circulations explains weak impact of trade cumulus self-organisation on the radiation budget in large-eddy simulations
Authors: Janssens Martin , Jansson Fredrik , Alinaghi Pouriya , Glassmeier Franziska , Siebesma Pier
Published: September 2024

We investigate if mesoscale self-organisation of trade cumuli in 150 km-domain large-eddy simulations modifies the top-of-atmosphere radiation budget relative to 10 km-domain simulations, across 77 characteristic, idealised environments. In large domains, self-generated mesoscale circulations produce fewer, larger and deeper clouds, raising the cloud albedo. Yet they also precipitate more than small-domain cumuli, drying and warming the cloud layer, and reducing the cloud cover. Consequently, the large-domains' shortwave cloud-radiative effect's cooling weakly reduces, and their clear-sky outgoing longwave radiation's cooling weakly increases, for a net cooling (-0.5 W m$^{-2}$). This cooling is generally smaller than the large-domain radiation’s sensitivity to large-scale meteorological variability, which is similar in small-domain simulations and observations. Hence, spontaneously developing mesoscale circulations do not alter weak trade-cumulus feedback estimates from small domains. We explain this with a symmetry hypothesis: ascending and descending branches of mesoscale circulations symmetrically increase and reduce cloudiness, weakly modifying the mean radiation budget.
On dynamic analysis and control of an elevator system using polynomial chaos and Karhunen-Loève approaches
Authors: Colón Diego , Cunha Jr Americo , Kaczmarczyk Stefan , Balthazar José Manoel
Published: September 2024

The paper deals with the quantification of uncertainties in an elevator system, subjected to lateral vibration induced by the car guide rail irregularities, with and without a feedback control system. A mathematical model for the elevator system is derived, and a stochastic model for the rail profile irregularities is constructed. This model of uncertainties describes the rail profile as a random field, which is represented by means of Karhunen-Loève expansion. Polynomial chaos is employed to compute the propagation of uncertainties through the stochastic model, in order to evaluate the disturbance rejection properties and robustness of the closed-loop system.
Self-compassion and mental health: a systematic review and transactional model on mechanisms of change
Authors: Anthes Lea S. , Dreisoerner Aljoscha
Published: September 2024

Self-compassion is characterized by a self-directed sense of kindness, recognition of common humanity, and mindfulness in times of suffering or perceived inadequacy. There is strong evidence that self-compassion improves both facets of mental health including higher psychological well-being and lower levels of psychopathology. However, the specific mechanisms how self-compassion improves mental health are still subject to study and debate. This systematic review examines mediators and neurophysiological processes in that relationship. Based on our review, we introduce a transactional model that links self-compassion and mental health. We argue that changes in self-compassion, psychological coping and emotion regulation, as well as changes in emotion, cognition, behavior, and self-concept mutually enhance each other. We further propose that changes in self-compassion and emotion regulation are mediated through different neurophysiological processes that initiate a cascade of physical adjustments. Our model provides an empirically testable framework for future research and invites empirical examination. This review integrates research on mechanisms between self-compassion and mental health and presents insights for researchers, clinicians, and other practitioners interested in mental health. Through an improved theoretical understanding how self-compassion is formed and how it affects mental health, interventions can be improved, which can benefit clinical and non-clinical populations alike.
“With the system as it is, I honestly don't know there's anything available that would help me”: COVID-19 experiences for autistic and non-autistic adults with pre-existing mental health concerns.
Authors: Ball Robyn Christine , Richdale Amanda , Lawson Lauren , Morris Eric M. J.
Published: September 2024

Objective: Widespread mental health impacts occurred early in the COVID-19 pandemic, especially for those with pre-existing mental health conditions. Less is known about how these groups fared in later phases and post- pandemic. We compared late-pandemic mental health impacts on adults with pre-existing mental ill-health and other vulnerabilities to enable better service planning for future crises.Design and methods: This mixed-method study surveyed 532 adults online, in 2021-2022. All participants self-reported pre-existing mental ill-heath and either formal autism diagnosis (181), self-identification of autism (167), or were non-autistic (184). Self-ratings of mental health, need for mental healthcare and ease of access to mental healthcare during COVID were compared across autism groups and other demographics. Responses to an open question were analysed using Reflexive Thematic Analysis.Results: Most participants reported poor mental health, high needs for mental healthcare and great difficulty obtaining appropriate care during the pandemic. Significant differences were found for age, neurotype and education level: younger participants reported worse mental health; younger people and those with neurodivergent conditions other than autism (NDCs) reported greater need for mental healthcare; and participants with NDCs or lower education levels reported greater difficulty obtaining care. Thematic analysis identified four themes/sub-themes: “Greater mental health needs for most”; “Exceptions to the rule: improvements in mental health for some (mainly autistic people)”; “Navigating access to a scarce resource”; and “Telehealth: an enabler for some, a barrier for others”. Conclusions: Having a pre-existing mental health condition rather than autism status was more important in determining pandemic impacts.
Analyzing the Emotional Consequences of Normal Sleep Fluctuations: A Multiverse Investigation using Experience Sampling Data
Authors: Murphy Stephen Lee , Van Gaeveren Kyle , de Segovia Vicente David , Vanden Abeele Mariek Magdalena Petra
Published: September 2024

How much we sleep at night is believed to impact next-day emotional experiences. Yet, theexisting research is encumbered by methodological limitations. To address this issue we harnessedexperience sampling data (68,232 observations across 10,905 days) from 1,415 Belgianparticipants to examine whether normal variations in sleep duration linearly or nonlinearlyinfluence next-day fatigue, stress, happiness, anxiety, despondence, and calmness. We tested8,960 models as part of a multiverse analyses in this non-pre-registered study. Findings indicateeven small increases in sleep duration positively associate with next day emotional experiences,that effects are generally stronger in the period after waking relative to later in the day, and thateffect magnitudes differ markedly across emotions. Analyses indicating some sleep-emotioneffects are stronger at higher absolute sleep amounts should be cautiously interpreted given thisstudy’s observational and exploratory nature.
Optimizing Memory Recall: The Cognitive Influence of the Rule of Thirds in Visual Design
Authors: Rafiei Mohsen , Jozranjbar Bahareh
Published: September 2024

This study explores how presenting visual stimuli aligned with the Rule of Thirds (RoT) locations on a screen, could affects memory recall accuracy and reaction times (RTs) in a visual search task. Although RoT is widely employed in visual arts to enhance aesthetic composition, its cognitive implications, particularly concerning memory encoding, have not been thoroughly investigated. This research aims to determine whether the strategic alignment of visual stimuli with RoT locations would facilitate cognitive processing by enhancing accuracy and reducing response times. Fifteen participants engaged in a series of tasks designed to measure visual search and memory recall, with stimuli deliberately positioned at RoT, central non-RoT, and far locations. The results indicated a significant improvement in accuracy for stimuli aligned with RoT locations compared to those at central non-RoT locations, suggesting that RoT alignment may enhance memory encoding efficiency. However, no significant differences in reaction times were observed between RoT and central non-RoT locations, implying that while showing stimuli on ROT locations may improve accuracy, it does not necessarily accelerate cognitive processing. These findings highlight the practical relevance of RoT in optimizing memory recall and contribute to the broader understanding of spatial positioning's role in cognitive processes. Overall, the results suggest that showing stimuli on RoT locations on a screen can be an effective tool for enhancing memory recall accuracy, even if its influence on reaction time is limited.Keywords: Rule of Thirds (RoT), Memory, Attention
Post-Publication Review: Evolution of the Scientific Publishing Workflow [Постпубликационное рецензирование: развитие научно-издательского процесса]
Authors: Kochetkov Dmitry
Published: September 2024

For a considerable period of time, peer review has been regarded as the cornerstone of academic journals and scientific communication, ensuring the high quality and reliability of published materials. However, in the early decades of the 21st century, a growing number of scholars began to challenge the traditional peer review procedure, questioning its efficacy. This study aims to provide a fresh perspective on the peer review mechanism, with the objective of enhancing the implementation of scientific communication's functionalities. The research employs historical analysis techniques and modelling methods based on Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) to compare diverse review models in terms of their influence on scientific communication. BPMN is a conventional tool employed for modelling and describing business processes. The evolution of the peer review procedure is explored, encompassing an examination of the factors contributing to current and future transformations in the publishing realm. The author refers to the crisis of the conventional peer review system and the growing prevalence of preprints, serving as exemplars of these transformations. Finally, suggestions for the implementation of the post-publication review workflow in Russia are provided.Долгое время считалось, что рецензирование лежит в основе академических журналов и научной коммуникации, обеспечивая высокое качество и достоверность публикуемых материалов. Однако в начале XXI в. всё больше учёных стали сомневаться в традиционной модели рецензирования, заявляя о её кризисе. Цель настоящего исследования — предложить новый взгляд на рецензирование для полной реализации функций научной коммуникации. В исследовании используются методы исторического анализа и моделирования с использованием нотации BPMN (Business Process Model and Notation), которая традиционно используется для моделирования и описания бизнес-процессов. Рассматривается эволюция института рецензирования, включая анализ предпосылок текущих и будущих изменений в издательском деле, к которым автор относит кризис традиционной модели рецензирования и распространение практики размещения препринтов. Сопоставляются различные модели рецензирования с точки зрения функций научной коммуникации, а также предлагаются рекомендации по применению постпубликационного рецензирования в России.