bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dependência química e gênero
Authors: Sarmiento Yoliver Esmeralda Salcedo , Gonçalves Natália Nunes , Vaz Caroline , Neiva Gabriela Dias , Rodrigues Gabriella Capellete , Oliveira Jheniffer da Silva , Aguiar Cláudia de Azevedo
Published: April 2019

RESUMO

A drogadição pode vulnerabilizar ainda mais acentuadamente as mulheres, na medida em que estas deixam de exercer papeis socialmente esperados, como o de boas mães, cuidadoras e provedoras. São diversos os desafios das profissões em saúde no que diz respeito à prevenção de doenças, tratamento, reabilitação e reinserção social de pessoas usuárias de drogas. A capacidade de correlacionar os determinantes sociais e as vulnerabilidades dessa população torna-se essencial para as formações em saúde, pois possibilita ampliar a compreensão do futuro profissional sobre o processo de adoecimento e seus fatores associados. Neste artigo, será relatada a experiência prática de estudantes de medicina da Universidade Federal do Triangulo Mineiro, ocorrida em uma instituição de apoio a mulheres com histórico de uso de drogas, cujos temas emergidos das rodas de conversa foram: a condição das mulheres enquanto minoria social, os determinantes biológicos e sociais que alicerçam o consumo de substâncias psicoativas, alguns perfis típicos da população feminina vulnerabilizada pelas drogas e limites e possibilidades dos tratamentos hoje disponíveis.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE:Dependência química. Vulnerabilidade. Mulheres. Determinantes Sociais da Saúde.
Countering UAVs – the Mover of Research in Military Technology
Authors: Kratky Miroslav , Farlik Jan
Published: April 2019

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are massively seeping into a wide range of human activities. Along with other remotely controlled or automatic devices, they have entered many aspects of human activities and industry. While the majority of researchers have been working on the construction, deployment and non-military use of UAVs, the protection against UAVs remained on the edge of their interest. Nowadays, the situation is rapidly changing. The risk of misuse of UAVs by criminals, guerrillas or terrorists has compelled authorities, scientists and defence industry to face this threat. Organisations have launched crucial infrastructure defence programs to cope with UAV threat. To solve this problem, it is necessary to develop disciplines improving the air space surveillance and UAVs elimination techniques. The substantial aspects of the UAVs detection and elimination were analysed, being supported by a number of conferences, workshops and journals articles. The contribution of the study in the Counter–UAV area consists particularly in generalisation and evaluation of the main technical issues. The aim of this paper is to emphasise the importance of developing new scientific fields for countering UAVs, and hence it is directed firstly on the scientific audience.
The Practical Intelligence of Social Entrepreneurs: Managing the Hybridity of Social Enterprises
Authors: Jin Byungchae
Published: April 2019

The hybridity of social enterprises – that is to say, their simultaneous pursuit of both economic and social value – has increasingly drawn the attention of scholars in the fields of social entrepreneurship and, more broadly, entrepreneurship. To date, there has been significant debate as to whether or how social enterprises are distinct from for- and non profit organizations and whether generating economic rents and achieving a social mission can complement or substitute for each other. To add nuance to this literature, this study focuses on the role of social entrepreneurs’ practical intelligence, seeking to understand how the practical intelligence of social entrepreneurs can contribute to creating both economic and social value. We generally find positive relationships between practical intelligence and the creation of both social and economic value. However, empirical evidence suggests that some dimensions of practical intelligence are closely related to the creation of economic value, whereas others are related to creating social value. Based on the findings, we discuss how practical intelligence can effectively help social entrepreneurs manage the hybridity of their social enterprises.
The physical activity level and aerobic capacity estimation (VO2max) among the administrative staff of the Pars Special Economic Energy Zone (Assaluyeh, Iran) with different BMIs
Authors: Rafatifard Mohammad , Mazloomy Mahmoodabad Seyed Saeed , Fallahzadeh Hossein
Published: April 2019

Background

The purpose of this study was to examine the level of physical activity (PA) and maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max) among office workers of the Pars Special Economic Energy Zone in Iran with different body mass indexes (BMIs).

Materials and methods

This research was descriptive, and a correlation of variables was applied as its execution method. Administrative staff of two centers were randomly selected from 20 to 30 administrative centers of the Pars Special Economic Energy Zone, Assaluyeh, Iran, and included 294 male employees who were willing to participate in this research and who met the inclusion criteria (being in the age range of 20–60 years, lacking specific diseases, and who had enough physical fitness to do PA) who were purposefully selected.

Results

The age-adjusted means for the PA score (7.93 ± 1.12) and VO2max (48.66 ± 6.95) mL/min/kg were calculated. After adjusting for other variables, significant difference was found between BMI and age (β = 0.20; p = 0.005), BMI and VO2max (β = 0.302; p = 0.001), as well as BMI and the total PA score (β = −0.304; p = 0.045).

Conclusions

The results of this study showed low levels of PA (work, exercise and leisure) and respiratory capacity in the administrative staff of the oil and gas industry, which is associated with overweight and obesity.
Non-word Attributes’ Efficiency in Text Mining Authorship Prediction
Authors: Mustafa Tareef Kamil
Published: April 2019

Literature scripts can be compared to paintings, in an artistic way as well as in the perspective of financial value, whereas the value of these scripts rise and fall depending on their author’s popularity. Authors’ scripts represent a specific style of writing that can be measured and compared using a text mining field called Stylometric. Stylometric analysis depends on some features called authorship attributes, and these attributes or features can be used in special algorithms and methods to reach that aim. Generally, each method selected in the Stylometric field uses a variety of attributes to reach higher prediction accuracy. The aim of this research is to improve the accuracy of authorship prediction in literary works based on the artistic writing style of the authors. To achieve that, a new set of attributes will be used with the Stylometric Authorship Balanced Attribution method, which was chosen in this research among several other machine language methods because of its delicateness in authorship prediction projects. The attributes that have been used by most of the researchers were word frequencies (single word, pair of words, or trio of words), which led to some prediction mistakes. In this research, a new set of attributes is used to decrease these mistakes. These proposed non-word attributes are named sentence length, special characters, and punctuation symbols. The results obtained by using these proposed attributes were excellent.
Like the Moon Rising
Authors: Dunlop Melissa
Published: April 2019

A personal choice taken within a specific sociopolitical context, now needs reevaluation, as the political framework shifts under the shadow of Brexit. I recall a life-changing decision made young, to move from Dublin to London for university and consequently to stay in the United Kingdom. I look back on my early experiences in London, on a sense of immersion within collectively shared European history, particularly the long shadow cast by the trauma of war. I examine my national and European identities, and how I grew to inhabit a hybrid, non-binary notion of national identity. I question my position and the effect a challenge to polarise identity has upon me and consider the value of maintaining presence as a complex, embodied self who holds a pluralistic notion of national identity as a strategy of resistance against discourses that seek to deny the existence of such subjectivities.
Europe in Fragments
Authors: Goode Jackie
Published: April 2019

In this autoethnographic response to Brexit, the author tries to make sense of feelings of profound loss following the UK referendum decision to leave the European Union. In exploring questions of what it is that has been lost, who ‘we’ are, and how we might recover, she traces key strands in her family, cultural, and professional life that highlight both points of division and points of connection with others (and with those doing ‘othering’), in our increasingly polarised and fragmented world. Stories she listened to in her professional capacity, told by politicians on the one hand and by those who had long felt excluded and ‘left behind’ on the other, take on a fresh significance in light of the decision to ‘leave’. In these uncertain and insecure times, one thing seems sure: Progress lies in connecting to others, reaching out, crossing borders, holding hands, healing wounds, re-creating community.
On Ethnic Relations and Integration: Vietnamese Perspectives on the Ethnic Chinese in Colonial Sài Gòn (1900–1940)
Authors: Li Yin Liang
Published: April 2019

Historians studying Vietnamese intellectual and political history have evaluated the negative perspectives that the Vietnamese educated class expressed in political journalism, especially newspapers, as an expression of nationalism and anti-foreign sentiments. This hostile attitude from the Vietnamese community was correlated with the fact that the Chinese during this time were relatively segregated from the larger community with their own social and political system of governance. However, a deeper study of Vietnamese newspapers would show how their narratives were ambivalently mixed among antagonism, admiration, and even sympathy. Other literary sources such as popular literature also presented more moderate voices that took into consideration the contributions of the ethnic Chinese as a long-established immigrant-settler community in the southern region. This plurality of perspectives, as represented in Vietnamese newspapers and popular literature published in the first four decades of the twentieth centuries, demonstrated how the relationship between the two ethnic groups were influenced not just by colonial policy and ethnic nationalism but also individual economic or political motives. This paper examines the portrayals of ethnic Chinese people in selected sources of Vietnamese newspapers and popular literature written in the colonial period. Most of the publications were written in the new romanized Vietnamese script (chữ Quốc ngữ) and were published from the 1900s to 1940s. First, I will explain the historical background of Chinese migration and settlement in southern Vietnam and the context of Vietnamese intellectual and political history in the early twentieth century. Second, I examine the ambivalent anti-Chinese stance demonstrated in certain early twentieth century newspapers, including Quốc dân diễn đàn, Lục tỉnh tân văn, Đông Pháp thờibáo, and Thần chung. I will focus on how the political goals and affiliations of these newspapers impacted their views toward the Chinese and prove that they did not necessarily reflect hostile relations between the two communities.
ETNOBOTANI ROTAN SEBAGAI BAHAN KERAJINAN ANYAMAN OLEH MASYARAKAT DI KABUPATEN BANGKA BARAT
Authors: Sakinah Sakinah , Afriyansyah Budi , Akbarini Dian
Published: April 2019

AbstrakPemanfaatan hasil hutan non-kayu di Kabupaten Bangka Barat yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat salah satunya adalah rotan. Masyarakat memanfaatkan rotan sebagai bahan baku dalam pembuatan kerajinan anyaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan dan mendokumentasikan jenis-jenis rotan yang dimanfaatkan untuk kerajinan di Kabupaten Bangka Barat. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kabupaten Bangka Barat yaitu di lima desa, antara lain Desa Sinar Sari, Desa Dendang, Desa Kacung, Desa Terentang, dan Desa Simpang Tiga dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi dan studi literatur. Desa Mendo sebagai desa pendukung, dimana pengrajin di Kabupaten Bangka Barat membeli bahan baku dari Desa Mendo. Hasil penelitian menujukkan terdapat 3 jenis rotan yang dimanfaatkan masyarakat sebagai bahan baku kerajinan yaitu rotan getah (Daemonorops angustifolia Mart.), rotan pebuar (Plectocomia elongata Mart. ex Blume), dan rotan dean (Khorthalsia flagellaris Miq.), dimana perlakuan ketiga jenis rotan sama. Produk kerajinan yang dihasilkan adalah ragak motor, ragak ubi, kembu, suyak, pongki, sangkek, tanggok, tempat parsel, dan tudung saji dengan harga yang berbeda-beda. Pemanfaatan rotan oleh masyarakat sebagai produk kerajinan dapat meningkatkan pendapatan bagi masyarakat, selain itu perlindungan terhadap habitat rotan harus menjadi fokus dalam kegiatan konservasi.Abstract People around the forest of West Bangka District have long utilized non-timber forest products to provide for necessities of life. One of the forest products is rattan which is widely used as a raw material for handicrafts in West Bangka District. People use it as raw material for making cane crafts. This study aimed to reveal and document the types of rattan used for handicrafts in West Bangka Regency. The research was conducted in West Bangka Regency in five villages, Sinar Sari, Dendang, Kacung, Terentang, and Simpang Tiga by using a qualitative method. Data and information were collected through interview, field observation, and literature study. The research showed that there were three types of rattan used, which were rattan sap (Daemonorops angustifolia Mart.), pebuar rattan (Plectocomia elongata Mart, ex Blume), and rattan dean (Khorthalsia flagellaris Miq.), where the treatment of all three types of rattan is the same. Meanwhile, the handicrafts produced were ragak motor (kind of big basket used attached to motorcycle), ragakubi, kembu, suyak, pongki, sangkek, sangkek, parcel, and food cover with different prices. The use of rattan by the community as a handicraft product can increase income for the community, besides that protection of rattan habitat must be a focus in conservation activities.
KEANEKARAGAMAN FENOTIPIK NGENGAT (Subordo Heterocera) BERDASARKAN KARAKTER MORFOLOGI DI KAWASAN UNIVERSITAS RIAU DAN DESA SIABU, PROVINSI RIAU
Authors: Chahyadi Ennie , Nuryani Nuryani , Roslim Dewi Indriyani
Published: April 2019

AbstrakPenelitian tentang ngengat masih sangat sedikit dilakukan di Indonesia terutama di kawasan Universitas Riau dan Desa Siabu Kampar belum ada datanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keanekaragaman fenotip ngengat berdasarkan karakter morfologi untuk mengetahui jarak genetik ngengat di kawasan Universitas Riau dan Desa Siabu. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2016 hingga Mei 2017. Lokasi pengambilan sampel terdapat di dua kawasan dengan enam lokasi yang berbeda yaitu Universitas Riau (Arboretum, Kebun FMIPA, Rusunawa) dan Desa Siabu (perumahan warga, Bukit Tentado dan hutan sekunder). Metode sampling mengunakan perangkap layar (light trap) sebagai sumber cahaya digunakan lampu mercuri merk Philips 160 watt. Bagian tubuh ngengat yang diamati adalah kepala, torak, abdomen dan sayap, jumlah karakter morfologi yang diamati adalah 24 karakter. Setiap karakter morfologi diberi skor kemudian dianalisis menggunakan program NTSYS ps versi 2.02i. Hasil yang didapat yaitu 61 spesies dengan 414 individu dari 10 famili ngengat.  Keanekaragaman fenetik ngengat di Universitas Riau dan Desa Siabu berturut turut adalah 87% dan 78%. Ngengat dari kedua kawasan menunjukkan perbedaan pada karakter ukuran, namun tidak pada karakter morfologi dan warna. Terdapat adanya kemiripan sebesar 66% antara ngengat yang dikoleksi dari Universitas Riau (kebun FMIPA, rusunawa) dengan Desa Siabu (Bukit Tentado dan hutan sekunder).Abstract Research on moths is still very few in Indonesia. Especially in the area of Riau University and Siabu Kampar Village. There is no datum about moths. The objective of this research is to analyze the genetic diversity of moths in Riau University and Siabu Vilage, Riau Province based on morphological characters. The study was conducted from December 2016 to May 2017. The moths were collected from two areas with six different locations such as Riau University (arboretum of mathematics and science faculty) and Siabu Village (village residence, Tentado Hill, and secondary forest). The sampling method that used was the light trap, with 160 watts of mercury, was used as a light source. The parts of the body observed were head, thorax, abdomen, and wings with the number of morphological characters observed by 24 characters. Morphological characters were observed and scored and then analyzed using the NTSYSp c version 2.02i software. The results showed that there were 61 species with 414 individuals from 10 families of moths. The genetic diversity of moth in the Riau University and Siabu Village was 87% and 78%. Moths on both locations indicated no difference in the shape and color, but they were different in size. Moths from FMIPA garden and rusunawa had 66% genetic similarity to one from Tentado Hill and secondary forest.
KEANEKARAGAMAN SIANOBAKTERI DI SUNGAI KELINGI KOTA LUBUKLINGGAU, SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Harmoko Harmoko , Sepriyaningsih Sepriyaningsih
Published: April 2019

AbstrakSungai Kelingi di Kota Lubuklinggau memiliki kondisi perairan yang tercemar. Sampai saat ini belum ditemukan kajian berkaitan dengan sianobakteri di Sungai Kelingi Kota Lubuklinggau. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis keanekaragaman sianobakteri dan faktor abiotiknya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, sianobakteri yang ditemukan terdiri atas 1 kelas, 2 ordo, 3 famili, 5 genus, dan 5 spesies. Nilai rata-rata keanekaragaman sianobakteri adalah 1,41, dengan keanekaragaman tertinggi berada di stasiun 3 dengan nilai 1,27 dan terendah berada di stasiun 2 dengan nilai 0,66. Nilai rata-rata dominansi sianobakteri adalah 0,43, dengan dominansi tertinggi berada di stasiun 2 dengan nilai 0,53 dan terendah berada di stasiun 3 dengan nilai 0,30. Sementara itu, nilai rata-rata keseragaman sianobakteri adalah 0,52, dengan keseragaman tertinggi berada di stasiun 3 dengan nilai 0,71 dan terendah berada di stasiun 2 dengan nilai 0,36. Hasil pengukuran faktor abiotik di Sungai Kelingi adalah: suhu 25 °C, oksigen terlarut 43,63 mg/L, keasaman 7,29 dan kecerahan 72,47 cm. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa keanekaragaman sianobakteri di Sungai Kelingi Kota Lubuklinggau tergolong ke dalam kriteria sedang. Sianobakteri yang ditemukan Homoeothrix sp., Lyngbya sp., Nostoc sp., Oscilatoria limosa, dan Spirulina sp. Adanya penelitian ini dapat memberikan gambaran tentang sianobakteri di Sungai Kelingi, Kota Lubuklinggau.Abstract Kelingi River in Lubuklinggau City has polluted waters. Up to present, there is no studies have found regarding cyanobacteria in Kelingi River. The purpose of this research was to analyze the diversity of cyanobacteria and their abiotic factors. The results showed that the cyanobacteria found were consisting of 1 class, 2 orders, 3 families, 5 genera, and 5 species. The average value of cyanobacterial diversity was  1.41, with highest diversity being at station 3 by 1.27 and the lowest being at station 2 by 0.66. The average dominance of cyanobacteria was 0.43, with the highest dominance being at station 2 by 0.53 and the lowest being at station 3 by 0.30. The average value of uniformity was 0.52, with the highest uniformity being at station 3 by 0.71 and the lowest being at station 2 by 0.36. The results on the measurement of abiotic factors in the Kelingi River were: temperature 25°C, dissolved oxygen 43.63 mg/L, acidity 7.29 and brightness 72.47 cm. It was concluded that the diversity  of cyanobacteria in Kelingi River belongs to the criteria of being moderate. The cyanobacteria found were Homoeothrix sp., Lyngbya sp., Nostoc sp., Oscilatoria limosa, and Spirulina sp. This study provides an illustration of cyanobacterial diversity in the Kelingi River.
PERTUMBUHAN DAN KANDUNGAN POLIFENOL TANAMAN KATUK (Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr) PADA MEDIA TANAM DENGAN PEMBERIAN ASAM HUMAT
Authors: Proklamasiningsih Elly , Budisantoso Iman , Maula Inayatul
Published: April 2019

AbstrakKatuk (Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr) merupakan tanaman sayuran yang berkhasiat obat karena mengandung senyawa aktif diantaranya flavonoid, steroid, dan tanin yang digunakan sebagai antioksidan. Peningkatan pertumbuhan tanaman dapat dilakukan dengan meningkatkan produksi biomassa tanaman, yang diharapkan  dapat meningkatkan kandungan senyawa aktif pada tanaman seperti polifenol. Penggunaan asam humat dapat meningkatkan kualitas media tanaman sehingga pertumbuhan tanaman dapat meningkat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh asam humat terhadap pertumbuhan dan kandungan senyawa polifenol tanaman katuk, serta menentukan konsentrasi asam humat yang efektif untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan kandungan polifenol terhadap tanaman katuk. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode eksperimental dengan rancangan acak lengkap yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan asam humat pada media tanam dengan konsentrasi 0 g/kg; 4g/kg; 8g/kg dan 12 g/kg. Masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak tiga kali ulangan. Parameter yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah pertumbuhan tanaman meliputi jumlah daun, berat basah dan berat kering serta kandungan polifenol. Data dianalisis dengan analisis variansi dengan taraf uji 5% dan 1% dan dilanjutkan dengan uji beda nyata terkecil pada level 5%. Pemberian asam humat dengan konsentrasi 6,23 g/kg pada media tanam dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman dan kandungan polifenol tanaman katuk. .Kata kunci: Abstract Katuk (Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr) is medicine efficacious vegetable because it contains active compounds such as flavonoid, steroid, and tannin. Those compounds were used as antioxidants. The growth of the plant increased the production of the biomass plant. It is expected that increasing biomass plant can increase active compound content in the plant like polyphenols. The use of humic acid can improve the quality of plant medium so the growth of the plant can increase as well. The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of humic acid to the growth and polyphenols content in katuk plant and to determine the concentration of acid humic that effective to increase the growth and polyphenol content to katuk plant. This research used an experimental method with a fully randomized design that consists of four humic acid treatments to plant medium with concentration of0 g/kg; 4g/kg; 8g/kg and 12 g/kg. Each treatment was repeated for three times. The parameters observed in this research were the leaf number, the wet weight, and the dry weight and the polyphenols content. The data were analyzed by analysis of variance with a 5% and 1% level of confidence , and continued to the least significant differences test at 5% level of confidence. The results showed that the addition of humic acid by 6.23 g/kg to the growing media increased the plant growth and polyphenols content in katuk plant.
AKTIVITAS TERMOPROTEKSI DAN FOTOPROTEKSI EKSTRAK KASAR KAROTENOID MESOKARP KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) TERHADAP KESTABILAN KLOROFIL-A)
Authors: Sahertian Dece Elisabeth , Indriatmoko Indriatmoko , Limantara Leenawaty , Brotosudarmo Tatas Hardo Panintingjati
Published: April 2019

AbstrakKelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) merupakan tanaman yang mengandung karotenoid tinggi pada mesokarp yang merupakan bagian dari buah. Cahaya dan suhu dalam proses fotosintesis memberi pengaruh bagi kestabilan dan ketidakstabilan karotenoid dan klorofil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas fotostabilitas dan termostabilitas ekstrak karotenoid mesokarp terhadap klorofil-a yang diiradiasi dengan lampu volpi (intralux 4100) daylight pada intensitas cahaya 31960 lux, 47040 lux dan 76640 lux dalam seri waktu penyinaran 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, dan 30 menit serta dipanaskan pada suhu 25, 50, 65, dan 90 °C dengan seri waktu pemanasan 0, 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, dan 24 jam. Pengukuran spektrum serapan tiap perlakuan diukur menggunakan Spektrofotometer UV-Tampak pada panjang gelombang 300–800 nm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karotenoid tidak melakukan fungsi proteksi dengan baik pada perlakuan pemanasan 65 °C dan 90 °C selama 24 jam, serta perlakuan iradiasi hingga 30 menit pada ketiga intensitas cahaya. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah klorofil-a murni lebih stabil pada perlakuan pemanasan dan iradiasi. Kemampuan proteksi karotenoid terhadap kestabilan klorofil-a yaitu pada suhu di bawah 50 °C dan pada intensitas cahaya di bawah 31960 lux.Abstract Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is a plant that contains high carotenoids in its mesocarp which is part of the fruit. Light and temperature in photosynthesis may affect the stability and instability of carotenoid and chlorophyll. The aim of this research was to examine the thermostability and photostability activities of the carotenoids in mesocarp extract on chlorophyll which were irradiated by Volpi lamp (4100 intralux) daylight at light intensity of 31960 lux, 47040 lux and 76640 lux in series of time radiation 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 minutes and heated at 25, 50, 65, and 90°C with series of heating time 0, 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, and 24 hours. Measurement of the absorption spectrum of each treatment was measured using a UV-Vis Spectrophotometer at a wavelength range of 300–800 nm. The results showed the protective function of carotenoids did not perform well at the heating treatments of 65°C and 90°C in 24 hours and at the irradiation for 30 minutes in all the light intensities. In conclusion, pure chlorophyll-a is more stable in heating and irradiation treatments. Carotenoid protection ability against chlorophyll-a is at temperatures below 50 °C and at a light intensity below 31960 lux.
Performance evaluation of different observers in the interpretation of panoramic radiographs by the mandibular cortical index
Authors: Munhoz Luciana , Kim Jun Ho , Park Moses , Aoki Eduardo Massaharu , Abdala Júnior Reinaldo , Arita Emiko Saito
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVE: Mandibular Cortical Index (MCI) is useful in osteoporosis screening. This study aim was to verify the impact of different expertise levels in the observers’ performances of MCI evaluation in panoramic radiographs (PR).METHODS: Six participants were recruited: one Oral Radiology professor with previous experience (#1), one master’s degree student and radiologist with previous experience (#2), one PhD student and non-radiologist with previous experience (#3), one PhD student and radiologist with no prior experience (#4) and two master’s degree students with no prior experience (#5 and #6). Observers were trained to use the MCI before analyzing 150 PRs of patients with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) examination.RESULTS: The Spearman’s Correlation test showed inverse and weak to moderate correlation between MCI and T-scores, and it varied was according to the observe that performed the evaluation. Observers #2 and #3 (with previous MCI experience) showed the highest agreement with the professor, followed by students #4, #5 and #6.CONCLUSION: Students’ expertise using the MCI increased the agreement with the professor regardless of whether the student was an oral radiology specialist; the MCI was correlated with the DXA in all the observer’s evaluations, which indicates that previous training for the MCI can enable any dentist to apply it in osteoporosis screening.
Analysis of preparation time, wear, transportation and centering ability of Flexofile and Prodesign® M manual instruments in curved root canals preparation
Authors: Zarpelon Fernanda Inês , Barp Eduardo Nesello , Galafassi Daniel , Melo Tiago André Fontoura de
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVE: This in vitro study aimed to evaluate preparation time, wear, transportation, and centering ability of two manual instruments, namely Flexofile and Prodesign® M, in curved root canal preparation.METHODS: Forty mesiobuccal and mesiolingual canals of the first or second lower molars were used, with standard length, degree, and radius of curvature among all samples. The canals were randomly divided into two experimental groups (n=20) according to the preparation instrument analyzed. The preparations were performed by a single operator. The preparation time was controlled, and the values obtained were analyzed. To verify the wear, transportation, and centering ability of the instruments, tomography images were taken before and after instrumentation. The analysis was performed using axial sections previously identified at 2 mm below the tooth apex with the aid of the OnDemand3DTM Dental program. For statistical analysis, Student’s t-test was used, with a significance level of 5%.RESULTS: The time required to prepare root canals was lesser using Prodesign® M instruments than using Flexofile instruments. Regarding tooth wear, no statistical difference was observed. However, Flexofile instruments had a low centralization capacity in root canal preparation, and there is a trend of transport in the mesial direction of the root canal.CONCLUSION: Although no statistical difference was observed between the two instruments, the Prodesign® M instruments had a better cantering ability in the preparation. As well as, the time required to prepare the root canals was inferior when Prodesign® M was used.
The use of golden proportion in dentistry: a integrative review
Authors: Tridapalli Luisa Piazzon , Steinbach Marina
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this integrative review was assembling information about the golden ratio, improving a different sight to the theme.METHODS: Original articles were retrieved on databases Scielo, PubMed, Lilacs and Web of Science selecting proper articles published between the years of 2006-2017.RESULTS: 55 articles were included, in which 42% of the findings corresponded to aesthetic perception and 40% to golden ratio and ethnical groups.CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that there’s no relationship between golden ratio and natural teeths and this ratio isn’t a decisive factor to ensuring the smile attractiveness, however, if this proportion were individually applied for each patient, can become a useful guide.
Comparison between cardiovascular effects of adrenaline and phenylephrine associated with lidocaine and the effects of felypressin with prilocaine during intrabucal anesthesia in ASA I patients
Authors: Da Costa Tatiany Bertollo Cozer Ribeiro , Cabral Antônio De Melo , Cançado Renata Pittella
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the cardiovascular effects by infiltration of 1:100.000 epinephrine and 1:2.500 phenylephrine associated with 2% lidocaine compared with the effects by infiltration of 0.03 IU/ml felypressin with 3% prilocaine, during surgery of third molars in ASA I patients.METHODS: Eighteen patients were divided into two groups. In group I (GI), the effects of epinephrine vs felypressin were evaluated and in group II (GII), the effects of phenylephrine vs felypressin. Cardiovascular parameters: systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR) and oxygen saturation (SatO2) were measured in pre, trans and post-operative periods.RESULTS: Statistical analysis (T-TEST) on the cardiovascular parameters demonstrated with significance that, GI: felypressin presented HR average reduction in the postoperative period and SatO2 average reduction in trans and postoperative periods. For GII: felypressin presented SatO2 average reduction in the postoperative period; SBP averages for patients submitted to phenylephrine increased in trans and postoperative periods; and DBP averages for patients submitted to phenylephrine increased in pre and trans-operative periods.COCLUSION: We can conclude that phenylephrine may lead to increased SBP and DBP and felypressin generated a reduction in HR and SatO2. All these changes were well tolerated by ASA I patients.
Synthetic biology for fibers, adhesives, and active camouflage materials in protection and aerospace
Authors: Roberts Aled D. , Finnigan William , Wolde-Michael Emmanuel , Kelly Paul , Blaker Jonny J. , Hay Sam , Breitling Rainer , Takano Eriko , Scrutton Nigel S.
Published: April 2019

Synthetic biology has a huge potential to produce the next generation of advanced materials by accessing previously unreachable (bio)chemical space. In this prospective review, we take a snapshot of current activity in this rapidly developing area, focusing on prominent examples for high-performance applications such as those required for protective materials and the aerospace sector. The continued growth of this emerging field will be facilitated by the convergence of expertise from a range of diverse disciplines, including molecular biology, polymer chemistry, materials science, and process engineering. This review highlights the most significant recent advances and addresses the cross-disciplinary challenges currently being faced.
Evaluation of the Incorporation of Recurrence Score into the American Joint Committee on Cancer Eighth Edition Staging System in Patients with T1-2N0M0, Estrogen Receptor-Positive, Human Epidermal Growth Receptor 2-Negative Invasive Breast Cancer: A Population-Based Analysis
Authors: Ding Shuning , Wu Jiayi , Lin Caijin , Andriani Lisa , Goh Chihwan , Chen Weiguo , Li Yafen , Shen Kunwei , Zhu Li
Published: April 2019

Background

The current study aimed to evaluate the predictive performance of the American Joint Committee on Cancer eighth edition staging system in patients with invasive breast cancer based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database.

Subjects, Materials, and Methods

Patients diagnosed with T1-2N0M0, estrogen receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative breast cancer from 2010 to 2014 were retrospectively recruited in this analysis. Patients were reassigned to different stages according to the anatomic staging system (AS), prognostic staging system (PS), and prognostic and genomic staging criteria downstaging patients with recurrence score (RS) lower than 11 (PGS_RS11). Cox models were conducted for multivariate analyses, and likelihood ratio (LR) χ2, Akaike information criterion (AIC), and Harrell's concordance index (C-index) were calculated for the comparison of different staging systems. Additionally, adjustments were made to generate prognostic and genomic staging criteria downstaging patients with RS lower than 18 (PGS_RS18) and RS lower than 25 (PGS_RS25).

Results

PGS_RS11 was an independent predictor for breast cancer-specific survival, as were PS and AS. Adjusted for age and ethnicity, PGS_RS11 (AIC = 2,322.763, C-index = 0.7482, LR χ2 = 113.17) showed superiority in predicting survival outcomes and discriminating patients compared with AS (AIC = 2,369.132, C-index = 0.6986, LR χ2 = 60.80) but didn't outperform PS (AIC = 2,320.992, C-index = 0.7487, LR χ2 = 114.94). The predictive and discriminative ability of PGS_RS18 was the best (AIC = 2297.434, C-index = 0.7828, LR χ2 = 138.50) when compared with PS and PGS_RS11.

Conclusion

PGS_RS11 was superior to AS but comparable with PS in predicting prognosis. Further validations and refinements are needed for the better incorporation of RS into staging systems.

Implications for Practice

Staging systems are of critical importance in informing prognosis and guiding treatment. This study's objective was to evaluate the newly proposed staging system in the American Joint Committee on Cancer eighth edition staging manual, which combined biological and genomic information with the traditional TNM classification for the first time to determine tumor stages of breast cancer. The superiority of the prognostic and genomic staging system was validated in our cohort and possibly could encourage the utility of genomic assays in clinical practice for staging assessment and prognosis prediction.
Evolução da resistência bacteriana em infecção comunitária do trato urinário em idosos
Authors: Póvoa Christiano Patrício , Silva Rodrigo Cardoso da , Silva e Souza Adenicia Custódia , Pereira Milca Severino , Santos Kamila Cardoso dos , Filho José Rodrigues do Carmo
Published: April 2019

Justificativa e objetivos: Infecções do trato urinário de origem comunitária em idosos são frequentes. O estudo objetivou avaliar a prevalência e a evolução da resistência das bactérias gram-negativas de infecção comunitária do trato urinário em idosos. Métodos: Estudo transversal, dividido em dois períodos 2011-2012 e 2013-2015, realizado no município de Goiânia, Goiás, de 2011 a 2015, com a participação de quatro laboratórios clínicos. Todos os relatórios positivos de urocultura com o respectivo antibiograma foram considerados. Apenas o primeiro laudo de exame de cada paciente foi incluído na análise, a menos que a reinfecção ocorra três meses após a primeira. Resultados: Foram analisados 3.388 antibiogramas. Os microrganismos mais frequentemente isolados foram sucessivamente E. coli (75,6%), K. pneumoniae (16,6%) e Proteus spp. (5,7%). E. coli apresentou alta taxa de resistência à Sulfonamida (40,5%), Ciprofloxacina (35,0%) e aumento da resistência as Cefalosporinas de 2ª Geração (p = 0,007). As maiores taxas de resistência em K. pneumoniae foram para Sulfonamida (35,2%), Nitrofurantoína (37,9%), Gemifloxacina (46,1%) e Ofloxacina (46,1%) com aumento da evolução da resistência aos carbapenems (p = 0,03) e Cefalosporinas da 1ª Geração ( P = 0,049). Para Proteus spp., a maior resistência foi para Gemifloxacina (46,11%), Ofloxacina (46,11%), Nitrofurantoína (76,68%) e Levofloxacina (81,87%). Enterobacter spp., resistência à Gemifloxacina (42,9%), Ofloxacina (42,9%), Cefalosporinas da 1ª Geração (44,3%) e Levofloxacina (77,1%), com evolução da resistência à Cefalosporina de 2ª geração (p = 0,0057). Conclusão: A prevalência da resistência bacteriana foi elevada para os principais antimicrobianos testados e foi identificada tendência para o aumento da resistência entre os microrganismos analisados. DESCRITORES: Infecções Bacterianas. Infecções por Enterobacteriaceae. Agentes Antimicrobianos. Sistema Urinário. Escherichia coli.
Avaliação da colonização por bactérias multirresistentes em pacientes admitidos via central de regulação do estado em um hospital filantrópico em Salvador, Bahia
Authors: Lírio Monique , Andrade Tuanny , Mendes Ana Verena , Barberino Maria Goreth
Published: April 2019

Justificativa e objetivos: Infecções Relacionadas à Assistência à Saúde (IRAS) são consideradas um problema de saúde pública cujo controle pode minimizar a morbimortalidade dos pacientes. A instituição precoce de isolamento de contato para pacientes possivelmente colonizados por microrganismos multirresistentes (MR), pode reduzir sua disseminação os casos de IRAS e custos hospitalares. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a frequência e impacto de culturas de vigilância positivas com microrganismos multirresistentes (MR) após um surto de Enterococcus spp. resistentes à vancomicina (VRE). Métodos: Foram implementadas rotinas de coleta de culturas de vigilância a partir de abril de 2014 para pacientes procedentes de outras unidades de saúde via Central de Regulação do Estado e Município em um hospital filantrópico em Salvador – BA. Resultados: Foram avaliados 663 pacientes no período de dezembro de 2014 a dezembro de 2015, sendo que 42 destes apresentaram cultura de vigilância positiva para microrganismos gram positivos e negativos MR. Após a implementação da rotina de realização de culturas de vigilância, não foram mais detectados surtos na nossa unidade. Conclusão: A rotina de culturas de vigilância pode funcionar como um importante instrumento na prevenção da disseminação de MR. Descritores: Isolamento de Pacientes. Resistência Microbiana a Medicamentos; Monitoramento Epidemiológico.
Reutilização de perfurocortantes na insulinoterapia e sua associação com infecções estafilocóccicas
Authors: Dunes Cícero Anthonyelson Teixeira , Sousa José Kleybson de , Oliveira Maria Tatiana Alves
Published: April 2019

Justificativa e Objetivos: A insulinização de múltiplas doses é um dos tratamentos utilizados para diabetes. O manejo de seringas, agulhas e canetas na insulinoterapia têm sido descrito como um fator de risco ao desenvolvimento de processos infecciosos, causando dano a integridade da pele e lesões tissulares, facilitando a penetração de patógenos oportunistas. Diante disso, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a prática de reutilização desses dispositivos na insulinoterapia e sua relação com o surgimento de contaminação por Staphylococcus sp. em agulhas e riscos de infecções. Métodos: Para a coleta de dados foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com os participantes da pesquisa acerca dos aspectos da terapia insulínica. A pesquisa entrevistou 15 diabéticos, dos quais 13 (86,7%) do sexo feminino, sendo coletadas 20 agulhas com posterior envio para análise no laboratório de microbiologia da Faculdade Santa Maria. Resultados: Foi constatado que 53,3% dos participantes relataram adotar algum cuidado de hiegiene no local da aplicação, 80% reutilizaram a agulha de um a > 7 dias, variando de dois a > 15 aplicações, e 66,7% sentiram alguma reação no local da aplicação. Um total de nove agulhas reutilizadas mostraram-se contaminadas por Staphylococcus sp. após realização de cultura, coloração de Gram, teste da catalase e coagulase. Conclusão: Diante dos resultados, pode-se constatar que existe um potencial risco de infecção por Staphylococcus sp. associado à insulinoterapia.
Descritores: Autocuidado. Contaminação. Infecções Estafilocócicas.
Perfil epidemiológico da tuberculose no serviço de referência do estado de Rondônia
Authors: Silva Lorena Teixeira da , Felipini Maria Cecília Costa , Oliveira Thaís Bomfá de , Brunello Maria Eugênia Firmino , Orfão Nathalia Halax
Published: April 2019

Justificativa e Objetivo: Apesar da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) configurar-se como coordenadora e ordenadora do cuidado, grande parte do diagnóstico da tuberculose (TB) é realizado nas unidades de Pronto-Atendimento e serviços de referência. Neste sentido, este estudo teve
como objetivo analisar os casos de TB que foram diagnosticados e notificados no serviço de referência do estado de Rondônia no período de 2014 a 2016. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, do tipo transversal e abordagem quantitativa. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um levantamento das variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas no SINAN e analisado por meio da estatística descritiva, após atender os preceitos éticos. Resultados: No período estudado, foram diagnosticados e notificados 2.230 casos de TB em Rondônia, dos quais 67,40% foram em Porto Velho, e destes 50,30% no serviço de referência. No que concerne ao perfil, verificou-se que a média de idade foi de 38 anos (±16), sendo a maioria do sexo masculino, raça/cor parda, com menos de 8 anos de escolaridade, residia em Porto Velho, zona urbana, caso novo, forma clínica pulmonar, baciloscopia de escarro positiva, radiografia de tórax suspeito de TB, HIV negativo e cultura de escarro não realizada. Observou-se baixa taxa de cura e elevada para transferência e abandono. O tempo médio de tratamento foi de 160 dias (±103). Conclusão: Tais achados são semelhantes com a literatura, o que demonstra a fragilidade da APS em relação as ações estratégicas para detecção precoce, tratamento oportuno e acompanhamento dos casos de TB. Descritores: Tuberculose Pulmonar. Diagnóstico. Serviços de Saúde. Atenção Terciária à Saúde.
The Role of Social Networks in Supporting Collaborative e-Learning Based on Connectivism Theory among Students of PNU
Authors: ALZAIN Hanan A.
Published: April 2019

The study aimed at identifying the role of social networks (Google and Edmodo) in supporting collaborative e-learning based on Connectivism Theory from the perspective of the students of Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University (PNU). A questionnaire was designed to identify the most important challenges of collaborative e-learning. Another questionnaire was designed to identify the role of social networks in supporting collaborative e-learning. The quasi-experimental approach was utilized on a sample of (251) students, who utilized social networks in the Educational Technology Course. The results showed that Google and Edmodo have positive impact on supporting collaborative e-learning.
Manuel de Figueiredo: "Os censores do teatro" y una licencia poética
Authors: Castaño Joana
Published: April 2019

RESUMENManuel de Figueiredo (1725-1801), miembro de la Arcadia Lusitana, es autor de una amplia obra teatral, en la cual se incluyen diferentes géneros dramáticos, unos canónicos y otros no tanto, según el gusto neoclásico. En uno de sus muchos discursos, Figueiredo reconoce la influencia de autores clásicos, griegos y latinos, en sus composiciones cómicas y se confiesa un admirador de la obra dramática de autores del Renacimiento portugués (Sá de Miranda, António Ferreira y Camoens). En el presente trabajo, se analiza la presencia clásica y humanística en "Os censores do teatro" (1776), una obra cómica en la que se detecta una reflexión sobre el teatro portugués del Dieciocho, y se discute también una «licença» que acompaña la pieza y en la que los propios Homero, Camoens y Ferreira aparecen en escena.PALABRAS CLAVETeatro Portugués, Manuel de Figueiredo, Siglo XVIII, Clasicismo, Renacimiento. TITLEManuel de Figueiredo: "Os censores do teatro" and a poetic licenseABSTRACTManuel de Figueiredo (1725-1801), member of the Arcádia Lusitana, authored a vast theatrical work which includes different dramatic genres, some more according to the neoclassical style and others less canonical. In one of his numerous speeches, Figueiredo recognizes the Greek and Latin influences on his own comic work and confesses admiration for Portuguese Renaissance authors, such as Sá de Miranda, António Ferreira and Camões. In this paper we discuss the presence of both classical and humanistic aspects in "Os censores do teatro" (1776), a comedy which reflects about the Portuguese theater of the 18th century, and also the «licença» that ends the play, and where Homer, Camões and Ferreira themselves appear on stage.KEY WORDSPortuguese Theater, Manuel de Figueiredo, 18th Century, Classicism, Renaissance.
Los lechos nocturnos en los hogares de Pedro Tomé González (Burgos, 1703-1782)
Authors: Sanz de la Higuera Francisco
Published: April 2019

RESUMENLos lechos nocturnos en los que yacieron, en el devenir del siglo xviii, Pedro Tomé González y los integrantes de su hogar conforman un parámetro diagnóstico de análisis. ¿Cómo fueron perfilando, entre nupcias y óbitos, la búsqueda de un mayor confort doméstico, de un sesgo exquisito de más modernidad, paralelo a la consecución de una buena situación socioeconómica y financiera? Desde sus humildes orígenes como tendero hasta los momentos más exultantes, en su calidad de empresario lanero y administrador general de la Santa Cruzada en Burgos, Tomé mejoró significativamente sus niveles de renta y fortuna. Y, también, las calidades y la disposición de sus interiores domésticos, en especial en lo tocante a las cantidades y calidades de los mobiliarios, menajes y ornamentación de las camas que les acogían en la nocturnidad.PALABRAS CLAVELechos nocturnos, Niveles de consumo, Tomé González, Burgos, siglo XVIII. TITLEThe night beds in homes by Pedro Tomé González (Burgos, 1703-1782)ABSTRACTThe nigth beds where Pedro Tomé González and the members of his household lay throughout the eighteenth century make up a diagnostic vortex to be analysed. How were these items, between nuptials and deaths, searching for greater domestic comfort, exquisite bias of more modernity, parallel to the achievement of a good socioeconomic and financial situation. From a humble beginning as a shopkeeper to the most exultant stints, as a wool businessman and general manager of the Holy Crusade in Burgos, Tomé significantly made his income and fortune levels greater. Consequently, the quality and disposition of his domestic interiors, especially with regard to the quantities and qualities of the furniture, decorations and ornamentation of the beds that welcomed them at night were highly improved.KEY WORDSNight beds, Level of consumption, Tomé González, Burgos, 18th century.