bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Землянки, хижины, дома: заметки о начальном периоде греческой урбанизации Северного Причерноморья
Authors:   Государственный Эрмитаж, Чистов Д.
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the early period of rise of ancient cities of the Northern Black Sea Coastal Region. There is an overview of modern state of the problem of “dugout period”, which preceded an urbanization of centers of the Northern Pontus. With the example of the Berezan settlement we prove that such period of spatial development of some centers undoubtedly took place. Nevertheless its duration at various sites significantly differs. Besides a level of knowledge of archaic layers and a number of discovered structures of semi-dugout type is not comparable. It does not let unconditionally extrapolate the picture obvious for Berezan and Olbia at other sites of the region.
К вопросу о датировке ранних крепостных стен боспорского города Тиритака
Authors:   Научно-исследовательский центр истории и археологии Крыма Крымского ФУ им. В. И. Вернадского, Зинько В.
Published: December 2020

According to the results of the latest author’s research, Bosporan city Tyritake was one of early and relatively big centres of the European coast of the Cimmerian Bosporus. At the turn of the last two decades of the 6th century BC after the fire associated with a war cataclysm had broken out, the city was surrounded by a relatively solid fortification walls on an area of at least 5 hectares.
К вопросу о фронтонном декоре в архитектуре Боспора (по материалам Керченского лапидария)
Authors:   ГБУ РК «Восточно-Крымский историко-культурный музей-заповедник», Кучеревская Н.
Published: December 2020

This paper deals with the architectural decorations of pediments of religious and public places of the ancient Bosporus. The analysis of architectural details, sculptures and funeral monuments proves that pediment sculpture existed. We identified the main types of decorations of pediments and their prototypes in the architecture of the ancient Greece. The article highlights a symbolic meaning of this type of plastic art.
Комплекс с «псевдо-самосской» амфорой из раскопок Фанагории
Authors:   Институт археологии РАН, Завойкин А.
Published: December 2020

The article discusses the problems of localization and chronology of a group of the Ionian trans- port amphorae which production is referred to the workshops of Samos, Miletus or Erythrai. The basic event behind these questions was the uncovering of a ground ditch at the Acropolis of Phanagoria in which fragments of ceramic containers of Chios, Mende and an amphora were unearthed. The rim shape and the foot of the amphora are closely associated with Samian amphorae, but the shape of its body is distinguished from them.
Склад амфор в пантикапейском погребе № 645 (1967 г.)
Authors:   Саратовский государственный универститет им. Н. Г. Чернышевского, Монахов С.
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the complex with 6 amphorae of different production (Heraclea, Phasos, Kos, and an unknown center) and several individual stamps of the mid-IV century BC from I. D. Marchenko’s excava- tions 1967 in Panticapaeum.
«Exotische Utopien einer fernen Welt»: два краснофигурных кратера с редким изображением грифономахии из раскопок Северного Причерноморья
Authors:   Государственный Эрмитаж, Петракова А.
Published: December 2020

The paper deals with two fragmented Athenian red-figure bell-kraters. The first one was exca- vated in Chersoneses in 1903, the second one was found in Panticapaion in 1867–1868. Both kraters are decorated with a rare kind of Grypomachy: Amazons and bearded barbarians are fighting together against Gryffins. Another rare subject in Athenian and South Italian vase-painting is the depiction of Amazons, helping Bellerophont to fight Chimera. The aim of the paper is in interpretation of these subjects.
Керамика с росписью в стиле West Slope из Танаиса
Authors:   Московский государственный университет им. М. В. Ломоносова, Егорова Т.
Published: December 2020

A complex of black- glazed pottery of West Slope style from Tanais is dated to the 3rd and the 2nd centuries BC. The production of Attic and Asia Minor workshops, predominantly of Pergamon, is represented. The latter workshops prevail. The motives are relatively diverse given the small overall number of fragments. However, in comparison with other poleis the number of shapes and ornaments on the fragments is significantly smaller. This singularity can be explained by the chronology and the geographical position of Tanais, as well as by a relatively modest volume of research of early city layers.
Цифровое граффито из раскопок Нимфея
Authors:   ФГБУК «Государственный историко-археологический музей-заповедник «Херсонес Таврический», Намойлик А.
Published: December 2020

The article considers an ancient Greek graffito found in 2006 during the excavations of the Bos- poran city of Nymphaion. The graffito consists of ordinal numerals denoting a sequence of days from the first to the fifth, and acrophonic numeric signs. The inscription manner of writing allows us to date it to the 3rd century BC. It is estimated that the graffito is a household note related to one of events that were conducted in the Nymphaion theatre.
Две находки архаических костяных накладок на ножны из Северного Причерноморья
Authors:   Государственный Эрмитаж, Бутягин А.
Published: December 2020

The paper deals with the finds of bone plates for scabbard mouth found in 2015 in the North Black Sea Region. Two bone plates for the same scabbard were found in Myrmekion in a layer of the first quarter of the 5th century BC. An onlay from an excavation site at the Berezan Island is dated to the second half of the 6th century BC. The scabbards decorated with these plates were made for the sword of makhaira (kopis) type. These finds support the idea that the abundance of this type of swords in the North Black Sea Region had existed from the Archaic period. A finding of a sword of the Greek type in a layer of a site at the Bosporus proves that Greek colonists continued to use a Greek set of weapons which disproves an opinion about the widespread adoption of the barbarian offensive weapons set.
О городских границах Ольвии Понтийской в архаическое время
Authors:   Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Institut für Archäologische Wissenschaften, Klassische Archäologie, Fach 7, Форнасье Й. , Буйских А. ,   Институт археологии НАН Украины, Кузьмищев А. ,   Институт археологии НАН Украины
Published: December 2020

Since 2014 a German-Ukrainian cooperation project has been researching the urban development of the ancient colonial city of Olbia Pontike in the Archaic-Classical period. The spectacular localization of a hith- erto unknown fortification system, which is not visible above ground and which therefore was unknown for a long time, makes it possible to reconstruct the history of Olbia’s origins in a new light. The results clearly show that the settlement of Olbia was deliberately planned from the very beginning and that the previously assumed separation into a core town and a temporary suburb did not exist.
ANALYSIS OF CONCRETE AND ASPHALT AIRPORT MOVEMENT AREAS FOR THE NEEDS OF REGIONAL AIRPORTS OF THE VISEGRAD FOUR COUNTRIES
Authors: Kováčiková K. , Janošková P.
Published: December 2020

Aviation is currently the fastest growing sector of transport not only passengers but also goods. It is considered to be the most efficient, but also the safest, which is why great emphasis is placed on the efficiency and safety of air transport. A particularly important factor in air safety is the condition of operating areas at airports. Operating areas must meet the standards for the category of aircraft that will use them, while being properly maintained to maintain their safety. From a long-term perspective, the service life and costs associated with the operation of airport operating areas are also important. The aim of the article is to analyze the concrete and asphalt airport pavement surfaces of the regional airports of the Visegrad Four countries.
PROVIDERS OF IOT SOLUTIONS IN THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC
Authors: Bajza F. , Janošková P.
Published: December 2020

The Internet of Things is currently a popular topic, with great potential for use in a wide range of areas. The connection of the physical world with the virtual one brings new, extensive possibilities. IoT systems can make decisions and implement activities autonomously based on the acquired knowledge. The article is focused on defining the concept of the Internet of Things, the elements that make it up, networks for the Internet of Things and analysis of providers of IoT solutions and coverage of networks for the Internet of Things within the Slovak Republic. The Internet of Things will be as much a matter of course in companies as corporate websites, so companies should start addressing the issue as soon as possible, otherwise they may not be sufficiently competitive in the market in the future.
PRIVATE BANKING В РОССИЙСКИХ КОММЕРЧЕСКИХ БАНКАХ
Authors: Tumasyan A.
Published: December 2020

Целью данной статьи является исследование проблемы увеличения клиентской базы для определения дальнейшего направления развития обслуживания состоятельных клиентов. Используется методы сравнения и статистики. Динамичное развитие коммерческих банков и конкурентной среды определяют количественное и качественное увеличение клиентской базы необходимо для развития частного банкинга.
Rancang Bangun Toko Tambak Ikan (TOTAKAN)
Authors: Rusfa  , Nusyirwan Deny , Prayetno Eko , Bagas  , Perdana Prasetya Perwira Putra
Published: December 2020

The sale of fish is one of the main roles that is very important, in addition to getting the optimal price, the sale of fish is also very supportive of the economy of the region, especially the coast. In the sale of fish today still need a technological development in the field of calculation. The amount of fish and consumer demand makes fish sellers or fishermen unable to properly control the results of their sales, starting from service and pricing, calculation errors that cause prices to be not optimal, causing losses. Therefore, a solution is needed that can overcome these problems. TOTOKAN (Fish Pond Shop) is an innovation to prevent errors in the calculation of the selling price of fish using Arduino Uno-based RFID and LCD as its monitor. TOTAKAN is designed with an RFID system that has been programmed by ARDUINO UNO R3 which is a source of microproseor from all systems, while the 4x4 keypad serves as a calculation of the number of fish purchases as well as the overall price, and a 16x2 LCD serves to display the price and the number of copies. TOTAKAN is able to be the main solution for the regional economy, especially coastal areas. In addition to simple, this innovation can also create efficiency over time, so that the seller does not need to control the maximum sales results.
LIABILITY FOR FAILURE TO LEAVE SOMEONE ELSE’S LAND PROPERTY
Authors: Szczechowicz Krystyna Jolanta
Published: December 2020

The article presents responsibility for the offense of not leaving the land property despite the request of an authorized person. The purpose of this article is to draw attention to cases where it is legally permissible to enter someone else's land property despite such demand. The article discusses in particular the situation of entities performing geodetic or cartographic works and the scope of their rights to enter the land property and buildings. In addition, the obligations of the owner or the holder of the property on which this type of work is to be carried out and the consequences of obstructing or preventing their performance have been also specified.
The standard of living and its spatial differentation among rural municipalities in Warmia-Masuria province
Authors: Janusz Marcin
Published: December 2020

This manuscript presents the results of the research on the spatial differentiation of the level of living among the rural municipalities of the Warmia-Masuria Province in the years 2005 and 2018. The rural areas are currently undergoing many changes, including sub-urbanisation processes and a departure from their monofunctional perception. The multi-dimensional analysis (Hellwig’s development pattern method) was used to measure the level of living in selected rural municipalities, which were then assigned to four clusters based on the synthetic measure value. Then, the Ward’s method was employed to identify the similarities in the level of living in these territorial units. The results indicate a significantly higher level of living established based on the synthetic measure value in the municipalities adjacent to the leading urban centres of the region, i.e., Stawiguda, Dywity, Gietrzwałd, Jonkowo, or Giżycko. In turn, the relatively lowest living standards were demonstrated in the municipalities bordering the Russian Federation, i.e., Budry, Górowo Iławeckie, Lelkowo, and Braniewo. Strong spatial dispersion of this phenomenon, combined with the petrification of the positions at the top and at the bottom of the ranking, indicates the need to implement a different development strategy for these specific units.
LIBERAL AND CONSERVATIVE APPROACH TO THE POOR STUDENTS’ EDUCATION IN THE USA
Authors: RADU Lucian
Published: December 2020

This paper aims at outlining the reactions to the Coleman`s 1966 report, `Equality of education` regarding the gap between the scores achieved by the rich and poor students in the USA at the standardized tests which generated antagonist educational agendas according to the liberal and conservative political visions upon education. The paper discusses the different perspectives on the topic.
Una revisión general sobre la creatividad
Authors: Ricci Patricio
Published: December 2020

En el presente trabajo se intenta dar un panorama general del concepto de creatividad, más allá del conocimiento común del tema y las confusiones o generalizaciones que se suelen dar en su entendimiento. Para ello se recurrió a hacer una revisión y comparación de diferentes investigaciones de relevancia para este trabajo. Se concluyó que la creatividad es un factor de gran importancia para el desarrollo del ser humano a nivel personal y social.
Increase of the innate immunity and hemostasis correction in calves using medications with immunomodulating and biostimulating activity
Authors: Sanin Aleksandr , Narovlyanskiy Aleksandr , Pronin Aleksandr , Kozhevnikova Tat'yana
Published: December 2020

The innate immune system in mammals is closely related to the hemostatic system. In recent years, there has been an accumulation of knowledge proving that these two systems not only interact closely, but are also linked by common molecular and cellular regulatory mechanisms. The study of these mechanisms is important to develop new approaches to the correction of hemostatic disorders, infectious diseases and other pathological conditions in productive animals. Analyzed in this review are results of the use of some modern medications for the correction of hemostatic disorders and increasing nonspecific resistance in calves. The main attention is devoted to gamavit (GM) and phosprenyl (PP), which are widely used in veterinary medicine and animal husbandry. Many studies have shown a positive effect of GM and PP on the innate immune system indices in newborn calves, both in normal state and in various pathological conditions, including infectious diseases, anemia, etc. There was an increase in the phagocytic activity of neutrophils and phagocytic number, an increase in bactericidal and lysozyme activity of blood serum, a decrease in the incidence of non-specific bronchopneumonia in calves, and an increase in live weight gain during the milk growing period. Under the influence of GM and AF, in calves with iron-deficient anemia and/or dyspepsia increase of antioxidant protection was observed as well as normalization of hemostasis, reducing the risk of thrombotic complications to a minimum. The correction of anemia and normalization of the blood formula were also noted. The most effective in correcting hemostasis was GM, which was shown to normalize many impaired platelet functions. Given the fact that platelets serve as an important link in innate immunity, it can be assumed that, at least partially, the immune-stimulating effect of GM may be mediated through these cells.
On efficacy of Catobevit in subclinical ketosis of lactating cows
Authors: Tatarchuk Oleg
Published: December 2020

Ratio of active ingredients in combined cyanocobalamin and butafosfan injectable solution has to remain constant in storage; otherwise, the distorted ratio would lead to diminished efficacy in the treatment of subclinical ketosis in dairy cattle. It has been found that efficacy of Catobevit (fixed combination of cyanocobalamine and butafosfan) in the treatment of subclinical ketosis in lactating cows is superior as compared to reference combination having slightly different vehicles composition.
CLINICAL PROFILE OF INTUSSUSCEPTION IN CHILDREN ADMITTED TO A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE IN KERALA
Authors: Jose Neethu , Namboodiripad Aparna , N Regi George A
Published: December 2020

Background and objectives: Intussusception is the commonest cause of bowel obstruction and is one of the common abdominal emergencies in children younger than 2 years of age.The objective of the study was to assess the clinical profile of intussusception in children and the management and the outcome  and  to assess whether the characteristics mentioned in clinical profile are predictive of subsequent management and outcome of the disease.

Methods: A hospital based descriptive study conducted in a tertiary care centre in Kerala, using purposive sampling technique. 120 children admitted with diagnosis of intussusception   fulfilling inclusion criteria and whose parents consented for study were included in the study population, during the study period from November 2018 to June 2020. Detailed history, clinical examination including per rectal examination  and USG was done to make diagnosis of intussusception in suspected cases. Follow up is done at 72 hours,1 week after the admission and 1month later. To assess the clinical profile and outcome of patients, frequency and percentage is used. To obtain the association of clinical profile with outcome chi square test is applied.

Results: Outcome of the problem was correlated with age, sex, symptoms, risk factors sonological findings treatment protocol and duration of hospital stay. Out of the 120 children in study population, majority were males(65.8%) with male to female ratio 1.9:1 and majority was in the age group 7- 12 months, which is similar to many other similar studies. Maximum number of cases were in the month of February(14.2%) and November(15%).  Majority of the patients(57.5%) presented to healthcare facility within 24 hours of onset of first symptom.Irritability was the most common clinical symptom(62.5%) followed by vomiting(58.3%) and abdominal pain(49.2%). Ileocolic intussusception (96.7%) was the commonest type. Majority of the cases could be managed with hydrostatic saline reduction(73.3%) and significantly lesser number of patient went for surgical intervention(7.5%) and spontaneous resolution(19.2%).

Conclusions: Incidence of intussusception is more common among males and more in the 7-12 month age group.  Majority of the cases presented to health care facility within 24 hours of onset of symptom and could be managed with hydrostatic reduction technique and had a shorter duration of hospital stay compared to surgical reduction technique. Even recurrent cases could be managed with hydrostatic saline reduction.

Keywords: Intussusception;  Intestinal obstruction;  Hydrostatic reduction; Spontaneous resolution
Az irányítás és az elemzés-értékelés rendszere az amerikai Hírszerző Közösségben
Authors: Erdész Viktor
Published: December 2020

Az amerikai Nemzeti Hírszerző Főigazgató az elvek, a módszerek és az eljárások, összességében a szervezeti kultúra egységesítésére szolgáló utasításaival erősíti a Hírszerző Közösség integrációját. A tanulmány a szakmai irányítás és az elemzés-értékelés rendszerére vonatkozó főigazgatói utasítások tartalmának vizsgálatával feltárja a nemzetbiztonság jelenkori amerikai megközelítését és összegzi a tanulságokat.
Exploration of the Influence of Learning ELPSA (Experiences, Language, Pictures, Symbols, and Applications) on the Understanding of Mathematical Concepts
Authors: Herwandi Herwandi , Kaharuddin Andi
Published: December 2020

The ability of students to understand the concept of learning varies, it is very necessary to know the level of understanding of students' concepts in learning mathematics, so that it becomes a rationale in determining the appropriate learning approach. This study aims to determine the effect learning approach of the ELPSA eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 6 Makassar. The type of research used is experimental research. The design of this research is the One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The population in this study were students of class VIII SMP Negeri 6 Makassar in the 2019/2020 academic year and the research sample was determined by the Cluster Random Sampling technique. The instrument in this study was an essay test on understanding mathematical concepts. The data analysis used was descriptive and inferential. The descriptive research results show that there is an increase in understanding of the mathematical concept after the application of the ELPSA learning approach; the score of concept understanding after the application of the ELPSA learning approach met the completeness criteria, namely more than 80; and completeness of students' conceptual understanding after being applied classical ELPSA learning approach is 97% complete. The inferential hypothesis testing results show that the application of the ELPSA learning approach affects the understanding of mathematical concepts in class VIII students of SMP Negeri 6 Makassar.
Enhancing the Reading Comprehension of Students in Narrative Text Using Story Face Strategy
Authors: Syah Albian , Saputra Joni
Published: December 2020

Albiansyah Master of English Education Study Program, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University of JakartaEmail: albiansyah19@mhs.uinjkt.ac.id Jhoni Saputra Department of English Education, Islamic University of Indragiri This study was a Classroom Action Research that deals with story face strategy’s use to enhance the students’ reading comprehension of narrative text. The purpose of this study was to reveal the execution of story face strategy in the process of narrative text teaching and learning, and also to describe about reading comprehension of after using story face strategy in classroom. The participants were all students of grade X.2 grade of Miftahul Huda Sungai Luar. The instruments to collect qualitative data were observation sheet, interview, and field note. The quantitative instrument is reading comprehension test. On the basis of data analysis, it is found that Story Face Strategy enhanced students 'understanding of reading in narrative text. The improvements occurred in cycle 1 and cycle 2. The improvement of students’ reading comprehension is 59.4 (enough) to 71.7 (good). The result suggests that the use of the story face strategy to enhance students 'understanding of reading in narrative text is successful for grade X.2 students. The variables that alter the enhancement of the students depending on the results of the interview and observation indicate students' enthusiasm when using of story face sheets in the story face strategy.Keywords: story face strategy, reading comprehension, narrative text
Temptations of the mind: a Russian Minerva in the “dark era”
Authors: Shapiro B.L.
Published: December 2020

The image of Minerva appeared in Russian emblematics to-gether with cultural reforms of Peter the Great, marking the early stage of Russian enlightenment. In the period of women's rule, this image was identified with a symbol of a virtuous empress, patron-ess of arts and sciences, giving hope for reasonable rule. The name of "Russian Minerva" was traditionally applied to both Catherines, Anna Ioannovna, and Elizaveta Petrovna. Yet another one, and worthier of its mythological prototype, remains forgotten — the one that contemporaries called the mother of Russia. Princess Na-talya Alekseevna, granddaughter of Peter I, inherited many positive qualities of her great grandfather. One of the most educated women of the epoch of palace upheavals, the patroness of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences, she was a muse and mentor of her young imperial brother. Reason came to the Russian court as a temptation little-known earlier, thus creating an attractive model of Russia's future. However, the later move of Peter II's court to Moscow radically changed the Princess's social and psychological status. Mind gave way to feelings, which led to the rapid and untimely death of Princess — a unique and premature phenomenon of the Russian “dark era”.
Konsep Organisasi dan Manajemen dari Sudut Pandang Islam serta Implementasinya
Authors: Wiyono Joko
Published: December 2020

The principles of the Qur'an and the Prophet's recipe provide guidance to Muslims. In the first six centuries, their commercial activities and family affairs led to the Islamic Golden Age, in which knowledge, commerce, industry, agriculture, and complex organizational construction flourished. . Work and creativity are respected in many forms. Industry and trade are regulated by companies or labor unions. Companies have enormous social benefits. They maintain work standards and prevent fraudulent competition, thereby ensure a friendly society based on religious and moral grounds, and provide members with professional knowledge and shared responsibility. Honesty and serenity are the hallmarks of Muslim commodities. These guiding principles derive from certain principles and guidelines governing worship and behavior, rather than the literal spiritual meaning of the principles and guidelines chosen. Islam has five pillars: the unity of God (Sahadat), fasting, prayer, zakat and zakat. These pillars and other standards also have an impact on business organizations. The purpose of this study was to study and describe the concept of organization and management in an Islamic perspective and its implementation in Riyadlul Jannah Mojokerto Islamic Boarding School. This research is a literature study using qualitative induction methods and descriptive analysis. Based on the results of the discussion, the following conclusions can be drawn: 1) Humans are born with social abilities, need an "organization" to survive and develop in order to achieve the expected goals and adapt to their social relationships through cooperation. The principle of socialization is due to the social nature of which the Qur'an proclaims as well as possible. Several verses of the Koran emphasize the need for organization. 2) The pillars of Islam are certain principles and norms that govern worship and behavior. In this section, the principles and guidelines chosen and established have an organizational meaning, not a literal spiritual meaning. 3) The organizational design mostly adopts a dual contingency point of view, that is, the organizational design must be chosen according to the multi-dimensional characteristics of a particular environment or context. These characteristics include structural elements (such as goals, strategies, and structures) and personnel (such as work processes, personnel, coordination, and control). 4) At the initial stage, it faced several pressing social problems: prejudice and discrimination against non-Arabs; abuse of power by elites; poverty; discrimination against women; competition between tribes; and harsh collective punishment. Prophet Muhammad SAW showed confidence and creativity in eliminating or minimizing these problems through the concept of organization and management.
Análisis de la conducta científica del economista, actualmente, en el uso de la Teoría de la Elección Racional
Authors: Carvalho Rogério Galvão De , Monteiro Marcel Stanlei
Published: December 2020

La Teoría de la Elección Racional (TER), en la primera mitad del siglo XX, mediante un marco técnico-científico muy elaborado, sistematizó la hipótesis de la racionalidad económica (HRE) y la existencia del homo economicus (HE), con el fin de estandarizar y Describir el comportamiento del hombre en el proceso de toma de decisiones económicas. Esta teoría considera que HE hace una elección óptima, en este proceso de toma de decisiones económicas, mediante el cálculo matemático de la optimización de funciones. Esta teoría establece que la HRE responde tanto a los aspectos normativos como descriptivos en el ámbito científico. A partir de la TER, los economistas adoptan ahora, en sus modelos científicos y experiencias, la HRE como variable descriptiva del comportamiento de los agentes económicos. Esta investigación, entonces, pretendía contribuir al debate teórico de la ciencia económica, desde un problema epistemológico identificado, en la producción científica del economista del siglo XXI. Con la información de que no se obtienen buenos resultados en estos experimentos, y que, aun así, el economista, del siglo XXI, sigue adoptando esta hipótesis en la parte descriptiva de la producción científica. Por tanto, se corrobora el problema epistemológico de utilizar una hipótesis refutada e inválida para la producción científica posterior. Así, para evaluar la conducta de este científico, respecto al problema epistemológico identificado, el artículo se estructuró de la siguiente manera: (I) Breve contextualización del problema, en la introducción; (II) Discusión teórica, mostrando la refutación de la hipótesis y estableciendo algunas premisas para la conducta de los economistas del siglo XXI, dentro del marco teórico; (III) Análisis desde el punto de vista de la ética, si se trata de un comportamiento esperado o desviado, utilizando la corriente utilitaria para ello; (IV) Apartado específico para tratar la epistemología desarrollada por científicos de TER, que pudo haber contribuido a que las refutaciones empíricas no pudiesen llegar a la HRE de esta teoría, influyendo mucho en la conducta desviada de estos economistas y finalmente (VI) la conclusión.
Reutilização de água da chuva
Authors: Junior Jailton Muniz Mendes , Rocha José Henrique Dos Santos , Chaves Thiago Uchoa , Nascimento Rudgero Oliveira Do
Published: December 2020

A água é essencial à sobrevivência humana e ao desenvolvimento das sociedades. Com o aumento da população, o uso inconsciente da água e a degradação ao meio ambiente, limitou-se a disponibilidade desse recurso no planeta. Esta revisão busca demonstrar as formas que a Engenharia tem de preservar este recurso natural advindo da chuva, salientando que os sistemas de aproveitamento de água da chuva são alternativas sustentáveis e desde a antiguidade já se faziam o uso dessa técnica. O presente trabalho avalia, conforme literatura sobre o tema, o aproveitamento da água da chuva de acordo com o sistema de captação desta na construção civil. A metodologia que pautou essa discussão foi qualitativa e exploratória, tendo por base estudos feitos e documentos que tratam da temática abordada incluindo artigos primários e de revisão pautado em procedimentos técnicos e bibliográficos datados de 2000 à 2019. E ainda com normas da ABNT datadas de 1992 até 1998. Assim, percebe-se que o reaproveitamento de água da chuva é uma alternativa sustentável que só traz benefícios ao profissional de engenharia e a sociedade em geral, a com custo benefício que vai se tornando cada vez mais positivo do ponto de vista sustentável para as gerações futuras e sendo crucial de ser implementado no contexto da construção civil.
Numbers of confirmed syphilis cases in pregnant women in Brazil between 2009 and 2013
Authors: Barros Yara Lorrane Souza de , Fecury Amanda Alves , Oliveira Euzébio de , Dendasck Carla Viana , Araújo Maria Helena Mendonça de , Souza Keulle Oliveira da , Dias Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos
Published: December 2020

Syphilis is a bacterial disease transmitted sexually from pregnant women with syphilis to the fetus. The diagnosis of syphilis in pregnant women is confirmed through the VDRL exam. The objective of this work is to show the numbers of confirmed cases of syphilis in pregnant women in Brazil, regarding the year of diagnosis, age group, regions of Brazil, residential area, type of test, classification and evolution between 2009 and 2013. Secondary data taken from from the IT department of SUS – DATASUS (http://datasus.saude.gov.br). The greater number of tests allows better treatment and a reduction in the number of cases. However, the lack of preventive care during sexual intercourse leads to an increase in cases, especially among women of reproductive age. Areas with a larger population have higher numbers of cases. The high variation of partners in these areas drives the increase in contamination. The type of test influences the numbers. Less specific, more general tests, find specific and non-specific antibodies to the bacteria. This can change the actual numbers. Female health care makes the diagnosis early, facilitating treatment. Syphilis is not directly responsible for the highest number of mortality in pregnant women.
The Perspectives of Mathematics Pre-Service Teacher Student Toward the Use of Educational Games in Mathematics Learning
Authors: Salsabila Nilza Humaira , Lu'luilmaknun Ulfa , Apsari Ratih Ayu , Wulandari Nourma Pramestie , Sripatmi Sripatmi
Published: December 2020

Abstract. The purpose of this study was to determine the perspective of mathematics education college students or preservice mathematics teachers on the use of educational games in mathematics learning at schools. This research is a descriptive study with a quantitative approach. The research subjects were 48 college students in mathematics education. Student perspective data were obtained through a questionnaire given, then the data were tabulated and analyzed. The results showed that 93.75% of students agreed with the use of games in learning mathematics. The reasons students agree with the use of games are students become interested in learning, learning becomes fun, students do not get bored, game technology needs to be utilized in learning activities, the topic is easy to understand, students can learn while playing, games can increase learning interest, learning becomes not monotonous, students become enthusiastic about learning, current learning must be more modern, students are not surfeited about learning, games are following the current digital era, can be a media of learning, effective in learning, increase students' creative thinking, reduce the negative effects of handphone, students become challenged, and students are more relaxed to learn.

 

Abstrak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perspektif mahasiswa pendidikan matematika atau calon guru matematika terhadap penggunaan game edukasi pada pembelajaran matematika di sekolah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Subjek penelitian merupakan mahasiswa pendidikan matematika yang berjumlah 48 mahasiswa. Data perspektif mahasiswa diperoleh melalui angket yang diberikan, kemudian data ditabulasi dan dianalisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 93,75% mahasiswa setuju dengan penggunaan game pada pembelajaran matematika. Alasan mahasiswa setuju dengan penggunaan game adalah siswa menjadi tertarik pada pembelajaran, pembelajaran menjadi menyenangkan, siswa tidak bosan belajar, teknologi game perlu dimanfaatkan dalam kegiatan pembelajaran, materi mudah dipahami, siswa dapat belajar sambil bermain, game meningkatkan minat belajar, pembelajaran menjadi tidak monoton, siswa menjadi semangat belajar, pembelajaran sekarang harus lebih modern, siswa tidak jenuh belajar, game sesuai dengan zaman digital sekarang, dapat menjadi media pembelajaran, efektif pada pembelajaran, meningkatkan pemikiran kreatif siswa, mengurangi efek negatif handphone, siswa menjadi tertantang, dan siswa lebih santai belajar.
The Algebraic Thinking Profile of Junior High School Students at Extended Abstract Level of SOLO Taxonomy
Authors: Zaelani Komarudin Muhamad , Marlina Rina , Effendi Kiki Nia Sania
Published: December 2020

Abstract. This study aims to describe the thinking process of students at the extended abstract level. The descriptive method used in this research is a qualitative approach. The instruments in this study included written test sheets and interview guides. Data analysis techniques used data collection, data reduction, display data, and concluding. The research subjects were two students who had reached the Extended abstract level on the SOLO taxonomy. The results of this study show that students at the extended abstract taxonomy level SOLO can understand the use of variables as generalizations of a number. Still, the majority representation component has not reached the representation indicator by making mathematical modeling in the form of an equation so that they cannot make a hypothesis or prediction in solving the problem related to algebra.

 

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses berpikir siswa pada level Extended Abstract. Metode deskriptif digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Instrumen pada penelitian ini meliputi lembar tes tertulis dan pedoman wawancara. Teknik analisis data menggunakan pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Subyek penelitian merupakan siswa yang telah mencapai level extended abstract pada taksonomi SOLO yang diambil secara purposif sebanyak 2 siswa. Hasil dari penelitian ini diketahui bahwa siswa pada level extended abstract taksonomi SOLO dapat memahami penggunaan variabel sebagai generalisasi suatu bilangan akan tetapi pada komponen representasi mayoritas belum mencapai indikator representasi dengan membuat pemodelan matematis berupa suatu persamaan sehingga tidak dapat membuat suatu hipotesa atau prediksi dalam penyelesaian masalah yang berkaitan dengan aljabar.
Are the Mathematics Textbooks for Eighth-Grade Meet the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) 2019 Mathematics Framework?
Authors: Pertiwi Annis , Wahidin Wahidin
Published: December 2020

Abstract. This study aims to determine the suitability of mathematics textbooks for eighth-grade with Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) 2019 Mathematics Framework. This research uses a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach and content analysis techniques. The data of this research are the eighth-grade mathematics textbook. In the textbook analysis, the researcher used three textbooks, namely Penerbit Erlangga, Yudhistira, and the Ministry of Education and Culture (Kemendikbud). The analysis carried out was the analysis of the content domain and knowledge domain based on the TIMSS 2019 Mathematics Framework. The content domain contains numbers, algebra, geometry, and data, and probability. While the knowledge domain contains aspects of understanding, application, and reasoning. In the Penerbit Erlangga book, there are only 2 out of 4 pieces of content contained in TIMSS, while the cognitive domain is 2 out of 3 aspects. Yudhistira book 2 of 4 content contained in TIMSS, while the cognitive domain is 1 of 3 aspects. Kemendikbud’s book is 1 of 4 content domains in TIMSS, while the cognitive domain is 1 of 3 aspects. Therefore the three eighth-grade mathematics textbooks as a whole are still not suitable for the TIMSS 2019 Mathematics Framework.

 

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan kecocokan buku ajar matematika kelas VIII dengan Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) 2019 Mathematics Framework. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif dan teknik analisis isi. Data yang dianalisis adalah buku ajar matematika kelas VIII. Dalam analisis buku ajar, peneliti menggunakan tiga buku ajar yaitu terbitan Erlangga, Yudhistira, dan Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan (Kemendikbud). Analisis dilakukan terhadap content domain dan knowledge domain berdasarkan TIMSS 2019 Mathematics Framework. Content domain terdiri dari bilangan, aljabar, geometri, dan data dan peluang. Sedangkan knowledge domain terdiri dari aspek pemahaman, penerapan dan penalaran. Dalam buku Erlangga, terdapat dua dari 4 content domain, sedangkan cognitive domain hanya 2 dari 3 aspek. Buku Yudhistira memuat 2 dari 4 content domain dan hnaya 1 dari 3 aspek cognitive domain. Pada buku Kemendikbud hanya terdapat 1 dari 4 content domain dan hanya 1 dari 3 aspek cognitive domain. Jadi, tiga buku ajar matematika kelas VIII tersebut secara keseluruhan belum sesuai dengan TIMSS 2019 Mathematics Framework.
The Dynamic Mathematics Software for Teaching Variance
Authors: Li Li , Tang Haiming
Published: December 2020

Abstract. In traditional teaching, many teachers often ignore the process of students' knowledge exploration, devote themselves to instilling knowledge to students in a short time, and then adopt the sea of questions tactics. Such teaching is only limited to the stage of telling students what "variance" is and how to use it, and ignores the birth process and meaning of "variance". The purpose of this research is to see the differences in classes that use dynamic mathematics software and traditional classes. The method in this research is descriptive qualitative. The sample in this study was seventh-grade students at one of the junior high schools in China. The content of this research design is the use of dynamic mathematics technology, focusing on the understanding of the concept of efficiency-improving variance, and the form innovation of the course design is design and record before and after optimization-evaluation and analysis before and after optimization. This article mainly takes the concept of teaching variance topic as an example to try to explore the teaching design of optimizing the important and difficult points of mathematics. This study shows that Hawgent dynamic mathematics software makes students get deep learning and makes teaching and learning activities more active. Then the teacher can continue to use Hawgent dynamic mathematics software to make students more active.

 

Abstrak. Dalam pengajaran tradisional, banyak guru sering mengabaikan proses eksplorasi pengetahuan siswa, fokus menanamkan pengetahuan kepada siswa dalam waktu singkat, dan kemudian memberi banyak soal untuk diselesaikan. Pengajaran semacam itu hanya sebatas tahap memberi tahu siswa apa itu "varians" dan bagaimana menggunakannya, serta mengabaikan proses penemuan konsep dan makna "varians". Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat perbedaan kelas yang menggunakan dynamic mathematics software dan kelas tradisional. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas tujuh di salah satu sekolah menengah pertama di China. Desain penelitian ini adalah pemanfaatan teknologi dynamic mathematics software, menitikberatkan pada pemahaman konsep varians, dan inovasi bentuk rancangan penelitian rekam sebelum dan sesudah optimalisasi-evaluasi dan analisis sebelum dan sesudah optimasi. Artikel ini terutama mengambil konsep pengajaran pada bahasan varians sebagai contoh untuk mencoba mengeksplorasi desain pengajaran dalam mengoptimalkan poin-poin matematika yang penting dan sulit. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dynamic mathematics software Hawgent membuat siswa mendapatkan pembelajaran yang mendalam dan membuat kegiatan belajar mengajar menjadi lebih aktif. Oleh karena itu, guru dapat menggunakan dynamic mathematics software Hawgent untuk membuat siswa lebih aktif.
Teologia mediów i komunikacji – na styku nauk o mediach oraz nauk teologicznych
Authors: Adamski Andrzej , Łęcicki Grzegorz
Published: December 2020

Celem artykułu jest znalezienie odpowiedzi na następujące pytania: Czy teologia i nauki o mediach mają pewne wspólne płaszczyzny i obszary zainteresowania? Czy można mówić o powstaniu nowej subdyscypliny nauk teologicznych, będącej zarazem subdyscypliną nauk o mediach, czyli teologii mediów i komunikacji? Autorzy poddają analizie dostępne akty prawne, dokumenty urzędowe, dokumenty Kościoła oraz opracowania poświęcone metodologii nauk o mediach i nauk teologicznych. Odwołują się także do wyników własnych, wcześniejszych badań w tym zakresie, które zostały przedstawione w formie syntezy.
Ramy interpretacyjne faktu przyłączenia Krymu do Federacji Rosyjskiej w prasie polskiej na przykładzie „Gazety Wyborczej” i „Naszego Dziennika” w okresie 15−31 marca 2014
Authors: Massaka Iwona
Published: December 2020

W artykule są prezentowane wyniki analizy treści (charakter jakościowy, ujęcie porównawcze) materiałów prasowych dotyczących polityki Rosji wobec Ukrainy, w tym decyzji, która zapadła po referendum przeprowadzonym na Krymie o przyłączeniu tego terytorium do Federacji Rosyjskiej. Analizą objęto teksty zamieszczone w „Gazecie Wyborczej” i w „Naszym Dzienniku” w okresie 15–31 marca 2014 roku.
Nowe formy dystrybucji polskich filmów fabularnych
Authors: Kucia Katarzyna
Published: December 2020

Pojawienie się nowych kanałów udostępniania treści audiowizualnych w internecie wiąże się z przeobrażaniem tradycyjnego modelu dystrybucji filmowej. W artykule przedstawiono przegląd dostępnych w Polsce serwisów VOD (stan na kwiecień 2016) oraz zaprezentowano główne trudności związane z monetyzacją polskich filmów w sieci przez właścicieli praw autorskich w kontekście europejskich i globalnych tendencji rynkowych.
Medialny obraz osób z zaburzeniami psychicznymi na przykładzie wybranych dzienników
Authors: Krawczyński Łukasz
Published: December 2020

Artykuł przedstawia charakterystykę medialnego obrazu osób z zaburzeniami psychicznymi sporządzoną na podstawie analizy treści i narracji 403 tekstów opublikowanych w polskich dziennikach w 2015 roku. Wykazano w niej, że osoby chorujące psychicznie przeważnie są prezentowane w negatywnych kontekstach lub w celu metaforycznego przedstawienia jakiegoś zachowania jako nielogicznego lub ryzykownego. Ich medialny obraz ma dwojaką formę: z jednej strony są to istoty działające pod wpływem emocji, bez udziału rozumu, z drugiej – są pozbawione emocji i przeintelektualizowane.
Samkvæmisleikir
Authors: Hjartarson Benedikt , Kristjánsdóttir Bergljót Soffía , Steinþórsdóttir Guðrún , Guðmundsdóttir Sigrún Margrét
Published: December 2020

Inngangur að þema
Krishnamurti og Þórbergur. Um blekkinguna og lausnina í Íslenzkum aðli
Authors: Þorleifsdóttir Álfdís
Published: December 2020

Í viðtölum, bréfaskrifum, fyrirlestrum og greinum Þórbergs Þórðarsonar gerir hann iðulega dulspeki að umræðuefni. Ýmsir fræðimenn hafa einnig fjallað um mikilvægi dulspekinnar í heimsmynd Þórbergs og nokkrir hafa bent á að þar gæti leynst ákveðinn lykill til að skilja höfundarverk hans betur. Hins vegar hefur enn sem komið er ekki mikið verið gert til að lesa bækur hans í þessu samhengi. Í þessari grein er sýnt fram á samsvaranir í Íslenzkum aðli, fyrsta sjálfsævisögulega ritverki Þórbergs í fullri lengd, við kenningar Krishnamurtis, sem Þórbergur kynnti sér náið einmitt á þessum árum, varð fyrir miklum áhrifum af og meira að segja hitti persónulega og skiptist á skoðunum við. Nokkrir þættir eru sérstaklega dregnir fram, dulspekilegar hugmyndir um blekkingu persónuleikans eða maya og lausnina undan henni, hlutverk elskunnar í því ferli, og það kompaní við allífið sem þeir komast í sem ná að öðlast lausnina varanlega.
„minnið er gatasigti“. Um minni og tráma í Stóra skjálfta eftir Auði Jónsdóttur
Authors: Steinþórsdóttir Guðrún
Published: December 2020

Í skáldsögunni Stora skjalfta eftir Auði Jónsdóttur er sagt frá persónunni Sögu sem á við minnisvanda að stríða í kjölfar flogakasta. Í þessari grein er fjallað um upplifun og reynslu persónunnar með tilliti til veikinda hennar. Rætt er um flogaveiki og hvaða líkingar eru hafðar um sjúkdóminn í sögunni. Þá er sjónum ekki síst beint að óáreiðanleika minnisins og hvernig fólk er sífellt að skálda lífið. Meðal annars er skoðað hvaða aðferðum Saga og aðrar persónur Stora skjalfta beita til að rifja upp fortíðina og hvernig þær geta minnst sama atburðar á ólíkan máta. Sérstakur gaumur er gefinn að tengslum minnis og tráma en með dæmum úr bók Auðar er dregið fram hvernig minningar um erfiða reynslu eru gjarnan ólíkar öðrum minningum.