bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Making emergent technologies more tangible - Effects of presentation form on user perceptions in the context of automated mobility
Authors: Janotta Frederica
Published: March 2023

One of the main challenges of investigating consumers’ perceptions and acceptance of emergent technologies is that respondents have not had any experience with them. This posits the question of how such technologies can be effectively presented to consumers both in the context of research and in measures to foster acceptance. Using automated driving as a case study, this paper presents results from a comparative study of three presentation forms (vignette, real-world video, computer-generated VR) of a ride in an automated vehicle in an empirical study with 103 participants. Results from quantitative analyses show that both real-world videos and the VR simulation outperform textual descriptions in terms of visualisation capability and user experience. Unexpectedly, the VR simulation does not perform significantly better at creating mental images of automated driving than a vignette. Recommendations are offered regarding the choice of a suitable presentation form in empirical research in relation to study objectives.
Klassiker der Soziologie
Authors: Bach Maurizio
Published: March 2023

Social theory aims to explore the fundamental structures and dynamics of modern society in terms of what holds it together, divides it, or fragments it. This introduction provides students with a textbook that gives them an insight into social science theorizing and the main problems of sociology. Along the classics of sociology, without which the meaning and development of the subject cannot be adequately understood, the course of study aims to cut a swath through a confusing terrain in the hope that the indicated paths and trails of sociological knowledge will be followed and deepened by the interested readership.
Evaluation of Software Quality in Test-driven Development: A Perspective of Measurement and Metrics
Authors:   Department of Software Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri Nigeria, Nwandu Ikenna Caesar , Odii Juliet N. , Nwokorie Euphemia C. , Okolie Stanley A.
Published: March 2023

A software product is expected to be subjected to critical evaluation on its quality attributes in order to ascertain that target quality requirements are met, and that those quality attributes responsible for revealing software quality are not omitted in the software development process. Software metrics are essential to accomplish the task. This paper has carried out an exploratory study of software measurement and software metrics in tandem. The study took into cognizance the interwoven nature of the duo in measuring and revealing software quality. The study formulated a model that expressed the mutual bonding that propels both measurement and metrics to describing software quality in numeric quantities of software attributes. The study identified six software attributes whose values are considered enough quantities to reveal the quality of a software product. The identification enabled the study to create a model equation aimed at giving a numeric value for the complete evaluation of a software system. The result of the implementation of the six software attributes into the model equation showed that two software products employed in the study are of high-quality, having quality values of 0.93 and 0.86 respectively. The attributes produced values that confirmed the maintainability (25 seconds & 20 seconds respectively) and reliability (0.78 & 0.80 respectively) of both software products among other differing features that characterize them.
Rol stresi ve sinizm ilişkisinde öz-yeterliliğin rolü: Akademisyenler üzerine bir araştırma
Authors: ERTOSUN Öznur
Published: March 2023

İş hayatında yetki ve sorumlulukların net tanımlanmadığı ve tutarsız beklentilere maruz kalındığında ortaya çıkan rol stresi zamanla hem çalışan hem de örgütler için istenmeyen sonuçlara yol açmaktadır. Alan yazında da ifade edildiği gibi, bilhassa akademisyenlik gibi çok yönlü sorumluluklar ve kişisel yetkinlikler gerektiren mesleklerde mesleğin beklentileri doğası gereği rol stresi için risk unsuru olabilmektedir. Bu görüşten hareketle, çalışmanın amacı stresle ilgili çalışmalarda önde gelen teorilerden kaynakları koruma teorisi çerçevesinde akademisyenlerin rol streslerinin örgütsel sinizm algıları üzerinde etkili olup olmadığını araştırmak ve öz- yeterliliğin bu ilişkideki etkisini değerlendirmektir. Bu amaca yönelik olarak, İstanbul ili ve çevresindeki kamu ve vakıf üniversitelerinde kadrolu olarak çalışan 332 öğretim elemanından veriler toplanmıştır. Yapılan fark ve ilişki analizleri sonucunda anlamlı bulgular elde edilmiş olup, katılımcıların öz-yeterlilik düzeylerinin yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Buna ilaveten pozisyonun öz-yeterlilik ile ilgili önemli bir belirleyici olduğu, rol stresinin öz- yeterlilik ve örgütsel sinizm üzerindeki etkisinin boyutlarına göre farklılaştığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bulgular rol stresinin örgütsel sinizme yol açan önemli bir gerekçe olduğunu ve öz-yeterliliğin rol stresi ile baş etmek için önemli bir kişisel özellik olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çalışma ile hem akademisyenlerin öz-yeterliliklerini korumaya ve artırmaya yönelik müdahalelere odaklanmanın hem de rol çatışması ve rol belirsizliğine yol açmayacak örgütsel yapıların tasarlanmasının önemli olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
A Catholic Perspective on End-of-Life Care
Authors: Meaney Joseph ,   The National Catholic Bioethics Center
Published: March 2023

The Catholic perspective on end-of-life care focuses on the value of the individual person, rather than the burden a person nearing death might place on family and health care institutions. In a culture where euthanasia is becoming a more accepted act, the Catholic approach to palliative and hospice care is vital to protecting our most vulnerable brothers and sisters. This article was originally posted on May 21, 2021.
Corpos falantes e vozes caladas: a perfomance do corpo no conto "Hoje de madrugada", de Raduan Nassar
Authors: Brandileone Ana Paula Franco Nobile , Martins Maria Luiza Navarro
Published: March 2023

A obra de Raduan Nassar é tratada como experimental pela crítica literária brasileira e reconhecida pelo seu lirismo, estilo e universalismo. Para além dessas características, este estudo considera a presença da performance do corpo como elemento integrante do experimentalismo da linguagem nassariana. A fim de compreender como o corpo é transmutado em signo, potencializando sentidos na narrativa, toma-se como objeto de análise o conto Hoje de madrugada, publicado na coletânea Menina caminho e outros textos (1997). Para tanto, utiliza-se aporte teórico interdisciplinar que abrange a teoria da narrativa, os estudos performáticos e trabalhos que abordam a relação entre literatura e performance, bem como a crítica nassariana, com o intuito de investigar a construção de um discurso narrativo mediado por corpos.
Technology-mediated task-based learning: creating affordances for English language development in digital intercultural encounters
Authors: Lopes Juarez Aloizo , Castro Rafael Vetromille
Published: March 2023

This study investigates affordances provided by Technology-Mediated Task-Based Learning (TBL) for language development in an online English as a Second Language class with multinational students in a US university context. From a complexity perspective, this study analyzes whether Technology-Mediated TBL helps build trust and confidence among learners enhancing intercultural and symbolic awareness. We used a netnographic methodology, adapting ethnography to include the influence of the internet in technology-mediated environments. Findings showed that Technology-Mediated TBL provides conditions for intercultural encounters. The task cycle allows the emergence of affordances for learners to build confidence and trust while engaged in language development practices.
Letramentos digitais na formação inicial de professores de línguas estrangeiras: pesquisas-ação em duas universidades públicas do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Rabello Cíntia Regina Lacerda , Cardoso Janaína da Silva
Published: March 2023

A formação inicial de professores de línguas na cibercultura deve abarcar, além dos conhecimentos linguísticos e pedagógicos, também o conhecimento acerca da integração das tecnologias digitais aos processos de ensino-aprendizagem e o desenvolvimento de letramentos digitais dos futuros professores, para que estes possam, por sua vez, trabalharem com práticas desses letramentos na Educação Básica. Dessa forma, este artigo tem como objetivo compartilhar resultados parciais de pesquisas-ação em andamento em duas universidades públicas no Rio de Janeiro relacionadas à formação inicial de professores de línguas para a apropriação crítica dessas tecnologias por discentes de Licenciatura em Letras.
futbol y la televisión
Authors: Cueva Álvaro
Published: March 2023

El futbol se ha convertido en el dueño de la televisión y la televisión, en la dueña del futbol. Ambas partes se utilizan, se manipulan, se necesitan. ¿Y el público? Bien, gracias, padeciendo los embates de esta alianza macabra como se la padeciendo otros embates de otras alianzas similares. ¿Y el deporte? ¿Cuál deporte? El futbol no es un deporte, o al menos ya no lo es. Ahora es un pretexto, sólo un pretexto. ¿Para qué? Para hacer dinero, para obtener influencia, para que sus altos mandos se salgan con la suya.
resistencia en Olintla
Authors: Castro Soto Juan
Published: March 2023

Los pueblos acosados por las empresas transnacionales para la explotación de los recursos naturales se ven obligadas a emprender resistencias que no siempre son tan exitosas como el caso de la comunidad de Ignacio Zaragoza, municipio de Olintla, Puebla. Gracias a la solidaridad de distintas organizaciones civiles, esta comunidad encontró en sus luchas de resistencia un espacio de formación política y logró vencer en poco tiempo a un gigante de la economía nacional, el Grupo México, que pretendía imponer una hidroeléctrica en el río Ajajalpan de dicha comunidad. No obstante, el sistema político ha mostrado su preferencia por favorecer a la clase empresarial, legislando a su favor y dejando en entredicho los logros de las resistencias ciudadanas.
Jóvenes, gadgets y redes sociales
Authors: Casco López Javier , Aguirre Gamboa Patricia del Carmen
Published: March 2023

Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación cobijada en el paradigma funcionalista, sobre el constructo generado entre jóvenes, sobre los usos y gratificaciones de las redes sociales a través de dispositivos móviles, como un sello característico de las generaciones hiperconectadas. Los actores sociales son jóvenes universitarios de la Facultad de Comunicación de la Universidad Veracruzana. La metodología utilizada es la cualitativa a través de la Entrevista Focalizada, bajo el enfoque de la Teoría de  Usos y Gratificaciones, que entre otras cosas señala que: el público se muestra como un usuario activo del contenido de los medios más que como un usuario pasivo influido por los mismos.
Jóvenes y formas de vida
Authors: Valles Minutti Paulina
Published: March 2023

En este ensayo presentamos reflexiones a partir del acercamiento con algunos autores, de manera que fuera posible contribuir y avanzar en la parte teórica de las Prácticas Profesionales para la Licenciatura de Comunicación de la Universidad Iberoamericana León, las cuales estoy llevando a cabo en el departamento de Investigación y Posgrado de dicha Universidad, en colaboración con el Dr. Héctor Gómez Vargas. Los temas analizados son: Jóvenes y redes sociales, líneas del tiempo en medios digitales, la nueva vida social en las redes y concepciones del mundo desde la perspectiva de los nativos digitales.
Aspectos de investigación en nutrición e insuficiencia renal crónica
Authors: García Fuentes Mayra Patricia , Torres González Luis Adolfo
Published: March 2023

La Investigación en las Ciencias de la Nutrición ha formado un papel importante en México en la última década para estudiar y prevenir enfermedades crónicas en distintas fases. El caso de la enfermedad crónico-degenerativa, Insuficiencia Renal Crónica (IRC), su incidencia se ha incrementado de forma acelerada. Actualmente con el desarrollo de la nutrigenómica y nutrigenética se ha obtenido información para diseñar dietas que mantengan la salud y puedan prevenir enfermedades de manera individual basada en el genoma de cada persona. En este artículo se presentan algunos resultados de revisión y experiencia en la investigación de IRC y el papel de la nutrición como terapia, prevención e investigación de nutrición y su relación con transplante renal en México.
PLH
Authors: Martínez Cordero Claudia
Published: March 2023

El exceso de energía ingerida está claramente implicada en la epidemia de la obesidad, pero es incierto qué papel juega cada nutrimento. Aunque los hidratos de carbono y la grasa son la mayor fuente del exceso de energía, existe una hipótesis que plantea que la proteína es un determinante clave en el consumo de hidratos de carbono y grasas, y por lo tanto del total de energía consumida. La hipótesis “Protein Leverage” (PLH) sugiere que la proteína juega un papel clave en el desarrollo de la obesidad, a través de la interacción con las grasas y los hidratos de carbono, aunque esta relación aún no está completamente comprendida. PLH predice que los humanos priorizan proteína cuando regulan el consumo de alimentos. Al hacer eso, los humanos consecuentemente consumirán más grasas e hidratos de carbono cuando consumen dietas bajas en proteína y, por otro lado, consumirán menos hidratos de carbono y grasas en dietas altas en  proteína.
Editorial del número 22
Authors: Cárdenas Garza Diana
Published: March 2023

Si bien podemos ver que se ha instalado en el país –y en el mundo- un discurso favorable a los derechos humanos, aún existe una sistemática violación de éstos. Todos y cada uno de estos textos tienen de una forma u otra, palabras enérgicas que reclaman y denuncian el incumplimiento de las leyes, las dificultades para el avance en las agendas de los diversos grupos vulnerados, y la necesidad de participación y compromiso de cada uno de nosotros. En este número, con el tema Derechos Humanos: análisis, avance e incumplimientos, hemos alcanzado una amplia tonalidad de análisis sobre el tema.
agendas de derechos humanos en México
Authors: Peralta Varela Carlos Armando
Published: March 2023

A lo largo de la historia de nuestro país las organizaciones sociales y civiles han luchado por hacer valer sus derechos, pero el concepto “Derechos Humanos” es propiamente retomado por las organizaciones hacia finales del siglo XX. Desde entonces y en función de las violaciones prevalecientes en el contexto, han trabajado arduamente para que sus apuestas y sus agendas sean parte de los esfuerzos nacionales e internacionales para desarrollar al país en una perspectiva de respeto a la dignidad de las personas. En el presente artículo se da cuenta de los procesos históricos y las agendas de lucha que han articulado la acción de las organizaciones civiles en favor de los derechos humanos desde finales del siglo pasado hasta nuestro momento presente.
esperanza de Latinoamérica no es el emprendimiento, sino los emprendedores
Authors: Barroso Edgar
Published: March 2023

¿Por qué ocurre ese cambio cuando hablamos de la necesidad de emprender? Muy sencillo: es más fácil hablar de un concepto abstracto, el “emprendimiento”, que de las personas de carne y hueso que lo llevan a cabo. Es más arduo y menos glamoroso observar -caso por caso- cada una de las historias que viven los emprendedores cuando quieren concretar sus proyectos.
“Herbolaria”
Authors: García Cárdenas Lucero
Published: March 2023

Lucero García Cárdenas (Ciudad de México, 1976) estudió la Licenciatura en Ciencias de la Educación y Capacitación, y la Maestría en Investigación Educativa. En el año 2004 publicó con el apoyo de Editorial Página, el poemario “Desde las Raíces”. En 2008 obtuvo la beca de apoyo a la creación por parte del Instituto Cultural de León, para publicar el libro “Efraín del alba mía”. En el año 2013 algunos de sus poemas fueron incluidos en la antología “Feria de la Realidad. 19 de miradas”, publicada por ediciones La Rana.
impacto del contexto socioeconómico para lograr la certificación Leed Platinum en edificios de países desarrollados y en desarrollo
Authors: Langar Sandeep , Pearce Annie R. , Gay Alanís Leon F.
Published: March 2023

Estados Unidos (EE.UU.) e India son dos naciones democráticas muy pobladas que contribuyen en gran medida al cambio climático global y a las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero. Para hacer frente a estos problemas, el programa LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) es una de las herramientas más utilizadas por ambas naciones para reducir el impacto medioambiental negativo de los edificios. Esta investigación estudió las formas en que los edificios con certificación LEED ofrecen beneficios sociales a sus comunidades circundantes en diferentes contextos socioeconómicos. Para este estudio, se seleccionaron intencionadamente dos edificios con calificación LEED Platino en EE.UU. y en la India, y se identificaron las tecnologías y estrategias utilizadas para conseguir la calificación Platino. Estas tecnologías y estrategias se clasificaron en función de los beneficios sociales ofrecidos a la comunidad circundante, y se compararon los casos para evaluar si los beneficios variaban entre los dos contextos. En el caso del edificio situado en EE.UU., 26 de 70, y en el del edificio situado en la India, 18 de 57 tecnologías y estrategias debían ofrecer beneficios sociales a la comunidad circundante. Para estos casos, no se encontró ninguna diferencia significativa en la proporción de beneficios sociales potenciales esperados entre los proyectos de estudio de casos en el país desarrollado frente al país en desarrollo. Las investigaciones futuras deberán seguir explorando y cuantificando los beneficios sociales reales conseguidos por los edificios certificados.
grafeno como material revolucionario
Authors: Carreón Ante Ulises Alejandro
Published: March 2023

Sin duda alguna la ciencia se ha ido revolucionando a pasos acelerados en el ámbito tecnológico, creando nuevas aplicaciones que representan, en todo sentido, una innovación tecnológica para las problemáticas que hoy en día se plantea la industria de la biotecnología, la nanotecnología, la robótica, el desarrollo de hardware más sofisticado y eficiente, entre otras, por ende es necesaria la divulgación de las propiedades de estos nuevos materiales. En este artículo se mencionarán, específicamente, las características más importantes del grafeno y se expresará un cuestionamiento ético de su aplicación real en la industria.
¿Qué es la ingeniería?
Authors: Valadez Luna Leobardo
Published: March 2023

Desde hace algunos años se viene insistiendo en que hay un gran déficit de ingenieros en el mundo, parece ser que se están acabando las vocaciones para desempeñar esta noble labor, ¿a qué se debe esto?, las razones son varias y complejas pero una bien definida es la ignorancia, pues no se tiene una idea clara de lo que es la ingeniería, mucho menos de lo que hace un ingeniero. No es una casualidad la relación que existe entre calidad de vida de un país y cantidad de ingenieros per cápita, tan es así que varios gobiernos del mundo tienen como eje de desarrollo nacional el promover el estudio de las ingenierías.
Dicotomías sobre lo público y lo privado
Authors: Guzmán Ramírez Alejandro
Published: March 2023

El presente artículo expone el sentido de lo público y lo privado, desde la génesis del espacio público por excelencia “el ágora” donde se manifiestan los distintos debates por el bien colectivo, hasta la condición contemporánea expresada en la hibridación de tales límites de propiedad legal en espacios indefinidos como lo son los “no lugares” caracterizados por la desaparición del espacio geográfico a favor de los espacios de comunicación social.
¿A quién pertenece la ciudad? movilización, espacio público, tejido social y bienestar
Authors: Charles-Arenas Cristian , Gutiérrez-Guerrero Paola , Giorgi Emanuele , Gutiérrez-Cota Hugo , Barquero Díaz-Barriga Viviana M.
Published: March 2023

Este estudio se deriva de los primeros análisis logrados en el marco de colaboración académica entre la Dirección General de Desarrollo Urbano y el Tecnológico de Monterrey campus León, el cual tiene como objetivo crear proyectos académicos que generen cambios urbanos concretos. Como resultado de estos análisis, encontramos que la movilidad es un asunto de suma importancia para la ciudad de León, así como la privatización y abandono del espacio público. Estudios realizados por el Instituto Municipal de Planeación y la Dirección General de Desarrollo Urbano muestran que el uso del automóvil en León ha fraccionado la ciudad considerablemente. El objetivo principal de este artículo es el de analizar y discutir el rol que tienen la privatización del espacio público, en particular el acceso a la calle en la movilidad, el tejido social y el bienestar de los habitantes de la ciudad. Este estudio se realizó en la zona norte de la ciudad, analizando la capacidad de movilidad que se encuentra en esta zona. Nos dimos cuenta de que una tercera parte del territorio que conforma esta zona se ha privatizado, careciendo de espacios públicos tan básicos como lo son las calles y accesos. Consideramos que la tendencia de privatización del espacio, el fraccionar el territorio nos lleva a tener que utilizar excesivamente el automóvil, nos hace perder el tejido urbano, inhibiendo la cohesión social.
construcción de la chica perdida
Authors: Quijas Aceves Juan Ignacio
Published: March 2023

El siguiente ejercicio pretende exponer las intersecciones del feminismo de Simone de Beauvoir en la película Gone Girl con la intención no sólo de categorizar este filme sino de abonar a la deconstrucción de los arquetipos y estereotipos que sabotean el desarrollo de la mujer.
Libertad, agencia y capacidades humanas
Authors: McManus Matthew Allan , O’Callaghan Connor
Published: March 2023

Este ensayo examina la concepción liberal de la agencia desde un punto de vista crítico. Argumentamos que el liberalismo adopta lo que se llama concepción de agencia orientada a la libertad, que no es adecuada ni realista. Esta concepción del liberalismo se ha aliado con las fuerzas del Estado y el capital neoliberales. Argumentamos que grupos como los zapatistas, que han rechazado la lógica del neoliberalismo, y su concepción relacionada de la agencia, han sido criminalizados por el Estado por estas razones. Han recurrido a lenguajes alternativos de identidad y agencia para articular sus disputas en un discurso que el Estado está dispuesto a reconocer. En la conclusión, argumentaremos que debe entenderse que la agencia opera en un continuo. La agencia puede incrementarse continuamente al amplificar las capacidades humanas en contextos sociales, políticos y económicos particulares. Hacerlo significaría adoptar un enfoque de la política mucho más igualitario y redistributivo que el inspirado por la concepción clásica de agencia orientada a la libertad.
How has U.S. Healthcare Financing fared in the Past Seven Decades?
Authors:   DNP© School of Nursing and Health Science, Aspen University, Denver, CO, USA, Nshi Goodluck ,   mekagoodluck@yahoo.com, Emmanuelson Chukwuyem , Okereke Goodluck
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The United States (U.S.) incurs the highest cost for delivery of health services and spends a greater proportion of its Gross Domestic Product on health, more than any other country in the world. The U.S. also has the most convoluted health insurance process of any nation. Despite the colossal healthcare spending, U.S. residents have not manifested the best health indices or enjoyed the best healthcare outcomes. Rather, the disproportionate healthcare spending has eroded the resources available to both States and the Federal government for allocation to other vital parts of the economy. High premiums charged by insurers have also left Americans with less money to spend from their paychecks. The U.S. healthcare system has been said to be disproportionately draining its resources, weakening its economy, and limiting its ability to fulfill its most basic responsibilities to its citizens. It is, therefore, pertinent to investigate the history of the U.S. healthcare finances vis-à-vis events that have led to the prevailing trend of healthcare expenditure and the effect of the expenditure on the healthcare delivery system and healthcare indices. Purpose: This review explored the changes in the United States healthcare economy during the period spanning from 1950 till date and the effects on healthcare delivery. Conclusion: The skyrocketing U.S. healthcare expenditure is not sustainable. Its astronomical increase has not translated to proportionate health indices and quality of life of its citizens compared with other wealthy nations. Recommendation: It is recommended inter alia that the government should set up a committee that will harmonize all studies and recommendations previously made on how to cut down the astronomical and burgeoning U.S. healthcare expenditure for a concerted and consolidated action plan.
Why do masses bend spacetime?
Authors:   University of Tübingen, Germany, Blau Melissa B.
Published: March 2023

The energy-momentum tensor as "source term" of gravity is not something that could be objectified or grasped in the microscopic or macroscopic range. In this paper we present a mass-immanent modality by which masses are able to generate gravity, namely the rapid oscillatory rotation of proton waves. Protons are contained in every mass and due to the rapid rotation of their rotational waves, as shown in a recent paper, attract masses that are within range of their oversized quantized radius. In the case of a proton, this quantized radius is more than 19 powers of ten larger than its actual radius, so that mvr ≥ h/2 (Heisenberg uncertainty principle) is fulfilled.
Artificial thinkers and cognitive architecture
Authors: Lazović Živan , Sokić Mirjana
Published: March 2023

This paper aims to propose and justify a framework for understanding the concept of personhood in both biological and artificial entities. The framework is based on a set of requirements that make up a suitable cognitive architecture for an entity to be considered a person, including the ability to have propositionally structured intentional states, having a form of sensory capabilities, and having a means of interacting with the environment. The case of individuals in a persistent vegetative state, as studied by Owen, serves as an example to show the importance of each of these requirements and the possibility of a "hybridization" of personhood. The proposed set of requirements provide a complete framework for understanding the concept of personhood and highlight the significance of cognitive architecture in determining personhood.
Selection of economically rational investments through cost benefit analysis
Authors: Dedović Nedeljka
Published: March 2023

Business decision making is an act of choosing between at least two competing simultaneously available investment alternatives. Cost benefit analysis enables direct and indirect measurement of all relevant costs and benefits expected in the future based on a given investment project. It enables the justification of investments and the expediency of redirecting capital to investment projects. However, cost benefit analysis is not a method of general optimization because it deals with the comparison of two or more alternatives, neither of which has to be the economic optimum. The goal of cost benefit analysis is the careful selection of alternatives that best meet the set objectives in the field of relevant constraints. The choice of economically rational investments through cost benefit analysis is the topic of this paper.
Electronic communication in primary healthcare
Authors: Jandrić-Kočič Marijana , Knežević Snežana
Published: March 2023

Traditional communication between physicians and patients consists of verbal and non-verbal communication. Non-verbal communication can emphasize, modify, or supplement a message that is verbally conveyed and reduce the possibility of misunderstanding. Web applications offer the ability to communicate with physicians and patients outside the healthcare facility. E-mail communication of the selected physician and patient is defined as electronic communication of doctors and patients in a contractual relationship in which the health information provider bears responsibility for the patient's health as his or her chosen physician. A literature review was conducted based on European and American studies reports to determine whether the use of electronic communication in family medicine could contribute to improving the quality of health care. The search for PUBMED, BMJ, JMIR and OVID was performed using the terms: electronic communication, family medicine, email, physician, patient. The most important benefits of electronic communication in family medicine are the simplicity and increased efficiency of communication, the expansion of resources and the ability to communicate, saving time and the ability to print electronic messages. The disadvantages lie in the potential compromise of confidentiality, the lack of monetary compensation and overload of the doctors, the potential for miscommunication, diagnostic error and unrealistic user expectations. Information technology must not replace traditional physician-patient communication. Although the results of the available studies have not provided strong enough evidence to broaden the introduction of electronic communications into everyday practice, adhering to the guidelines of good clinical practice, email and other forms of internet communication could contribute to improving the quality of primary care.
The interactivity of the teaching process: The effect of demographic variables
Authors: Jovičić-Vuković Ana , Vukadinović Maja , Papić-Blagojević Nataša
Published: March 2023

This research aims to explore the students' evaluations of interactivity in the teaching process. The research involved 361 students, 127 (35.2%) male and 234 (64.8%) female students. The participants were between 18 and 54 years old (M = 22.32, SD = 5.926). Questions related to the previous and current education of participants, their age, gender and place of residence were included as demographic variables. Interactivity in the teaching process was measured on a five-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree; 5 = strongly agree). Participants had to evaluate their experience of how interactive the teaching processes they had participated in were. The results have shown that the overall assessment of interactivity is relatively high (M= 3.98, SD=.850). Furthermore, the higher education institution that the students attend had a significant effect on their evaluations of interactivity (F(4, 360) = 3.187, p<.014). The results are discussed in the context of possible improvements in interactivity in the teaching process.
Accounting and legal aspects of budget execution
Authors: Mihajlović Milan , Damnjanović Radovan , Savić Aleksandar
Published: March 2023

The economic and legal dimension of the budget has always attracted the attention of researchers, both because of its dispositiveness and because of the once necessary stochasticity. This way of its existence and the conditions of its existence are precisely the subject of this paper. The indispensable efficiency of the public sector and its driving force in the conditions of modern existence of the social community and the assumptions that limit its activities complicate the position of the budget and its basic prerogatives as can be seen in all modern states, including ours. Legal constraints on the one hand and economic constraints on the other place the budget in a position that exists continuously, adjusting to the input side conditioned by budget revenues and the output side conditioned by budget expenditures. In this regard, respect for budget procedures and normative structure makes the budget extremely important for the study. In order to complete the budget procedure, after the budget year, the final account is made, which shows the accounting discrepancies and deviations of the execution by the executive from the budget approved by the legislature.
Judging job applicants by their politics: Effects of target–rater political dissimilarity on discrimination, cooperation, and stereotyping
Authors: Sinclair Samantha , Nilsson Artur , Agerström Jens
Published: March 2023

Despite well-known problems associated with political prejudice, research that examines effects of political dissimilarity in organizational contexts is scarce. We present findings from a pre-registered experiment (N = 973, currently employed) which suggest that both Democrats and Republicans negatively stereotype and discriminate against job applicants with a political orientation that is dissimilar to their own. The effects were small for competence perceptions, moderate for hiring judgments, and large for warmth ratings and willingness to cooperate and socialize with the applicant. The effects of political orientation on hiring judgments and willingness to cooperate and socialize were mediated by stereotype content, particularly warmth. Furthermore, for all outcomes except competence judgments, Democrats discriminated and stereotyped applicants to a larger extent than Republicans did. These findings shed light on the consequences of applicants revealing their political orientation and have implications for the promotion of diversity in organizations.
Scientific photography and animal behaviour: A historical perspective
Authors: Font Enrique
Published: March 2023

Louis Daguerre imagined that his invention would be useful mainly for artistic purposes or for personal use (portraits and travel diaries, etc.), but in fact photography soon became a valuable ally of science. The observation and documentation of natural phenomena is one of the pillars of the scientific method. In this context, photography guarantees objectivity and authenticity in a way that other alternative techniques cannot. Moreover, as a visual tool, it gives us access to phenomena that cannot be perceived or processed by the human eye. A book on the expression of emotions published by Charles Darwin 150 years ago marked the beginning of scientific photography.
Stereotypes and Stereotyping in Interpersonal and Intergroup Relations
Authors: Kamalova Oksana Maksimovna
Published: March 2023

The author analyzes the essential characteristics of the stability and variability of stereotypes, the formation and functioning of social and professional stereotypes. Various points of view of domestic and foreign scientists are presented, revealing the understanding of the term "Stereotypes" in interpersonal and intergroup relations and their socio-psychological features. Examples of the emergence, change and disappearance of social stereotypes, as well as the formation and causes of negative stereotypes are studied. The author considers a person's vision of social reality and hinders adequate mutual understanding of people as well as the integration of both intergroup and interpersonal relationships, which leads to increased interpersonal tension in the interaction between people. The main conclusions of the study are that social stereotypes are the result of information received through various sources and are only generalized representations of social reality. In conditions of information scarcity, the social stereotype plays a conservative role, forming people's misconceptions about what is happening, deforming the process of interpretation and the nature of interpersonal interaction. The formation and functioning of stereotypes directly depend on a person's awareness of social and professional reality. When people interact with each other, stereotyping carries an evaluative burden and is mainly a negative phenomenon. A distorted vision of social reality prevents adequate mutual understanding of people and integration of both intergroup and interpersonal relationships, which leads to increased interpersonal and intergroup tension.
Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant and Anticancer Effects of Clitoria ternatae Extract on Breast T47D Cancer Cells
Authors:   Universitas Indonesia, Arsianti Ade , Pasha Mahindra Shahjahan ,   Universitas Indonesia, Nur Azizah Norma ,   Universitas Indonesia, Megawati Fajrin Ajeng ,   Universitas Indonesia, Dameria Nadapdap Lince ,   Universitas Indonesia
Published: March 2023

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common and deadly forms of cancer in the world. Cancer is a multi-factorial disease. Genetic factors, environment and lifestyle have a role in the development of cancer. One of the mechanisms of cancer development is when an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants in the human body occurs. Uncontrolled and excessive amount of free radicals and cause cell damage and uncontrolled cell growth. Clitoria ternate is a plant that is often found in Asia and many of the benefits of this flower have been studied. This study aims to determine the phytochemical constituents, antioxidant activity, and cytotoxic activity of Clitoria ternatea against T47D breast cancer cells. Method: Clitoria ternatea in the form of dry powder is macerated in a multi-level manner with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol as solvents, producing a Clitoria ternatea extract of the respective solvents. Each extract is then evaluated for its phytochemical constituents, antioxidant activity, and cytotoxic activity using phytochemical test, thin layer chromatography (TLC), DPPH assay, and MTT assay respectively. Results: Phytochemical analysis of Clitoria ternatea shows the presence of glycosides, flavonoids, tannins and triterpenoids with TLC revealing the presence of ten phytochemical constituents. DPPH assay reveals that Clitoria ternatea exhibits a very active antioxidant activity. MTT assay revels Clitoria ternatea has a high cytotoxic activity towards T47D breast cancer cell line with IC50 value ranging from 1.27 μg/mL to 32.38 μg/mL. Conclusion: Chemical constituents of Clitoria ternatea is responsible for the antioxidant and cytotoxic activity towards T47D breast cancer cell line.
Phytochemical Screening and In-Vitro α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity Analysis of Ethanol Extract of Mangifera quadrifida
Authors:   Universitas Indonesia, Fadilah Fadilah
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia caused by B cell dysfunction, insulin resistance, or both. Indonesia and worldwide have an increasing incidence that leads to a significant socio-economic burden. The effective treatment of Type 2 DM with minimal side effects is still challenging. This research aims to identify phytochemical properties in ethanol extract of Mangifera quadrifida and the effectivity as an alfa-glucosidase inhibitor beneficial to research on the treatment of type 2 DM. Method: Mangifera quadrifida was extracted by ethanol as solvent. The phytochemical analysis is conducted by phytochemical screening methods and thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The antidiabetic properties in ethanol extract of Mangifera quadrifida is tested by inhibitory activity on alpha-glukosidase. Result: The ethanol extract of Mangifera quadrifida contains tanin, triterpenoid, flavonoid, and glycoside. TLC test on the ethanol extract of Mangifera quadrifida was detected 4 points (Rf 0,15; 0,464, 0,511; and 0,63). The IC50 to α-glucosidase of Mangifera quadrifida and the acarbose as positive control are 18,19 ppm and 4,88 ppm respectively. Discussion: Tanin, triterpenoid, flavonoid, and glycoside of Mangifera quadrifida have antidiabetic properties. The result on IC50 value in ethanol extract of Mangifera quadrifida is among the active class of antidiabetic group although the value is higher the acarbose. Conclusion: Ethanol extract of the Mangifera quadrifida has phytochemical compunds that have antiadiabetic potential. Acarbose has better IC50 to α-glucosidase compared to Ethanol extract of Mangifera quadrifida.
Influence of confined phase transition on dielectric relaxation characteristics of thermochromic epoxy insulating materials
Authors: Gao Jian , Li Jian-Ying ,   State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
Published: March 2023

The dielectric relaxation characteristic and mechanism of thermochromic microcapsule-epoxy insulating material are investigated. The results show that thermochromic microcapsule-epoxy insulating material exhibits non-monotonic dielectric relaxation characteristic, namely the dielectric relaxation time gradually increases with the temperature rising in a range of about 58–66 ℃, which cannot be depicted by the conventional Arrhenius equation or Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann equation. It is proposed that the non-monotonic dielectric relaxation characteristic is derived from the free volume variation induced by the confined phase transition in microcapsule. With the increase of temperature, the solid-liquid phase transition occurs in the limited space of microcapsule, reducing the free volume inside the microcapsule, which could restrict the reorientation of dipole with the external electric field and lead to the increase of dielectric relaxation time. The non-monotonic dielectric relaxation characteristic of thermochromic epoxy specimen is fitted based on the confined dielectric relaxation model, obtaining the activation energy of dielectric relaxation. The relaxation activation energy values of thermochromic epoxy insulating materials with different microcapsule content are of the same order of magnitude, indicating that the non-monotonic dielectric relaxations occur inside the thermochromic microcapsule, verifying the role of confined phase transition in the non-monotonic dielectric relaxation characteristic.
Endotaxis: A neuromorphic algorithm for mapping, goal-learning, navigation, and patrolling
Authors: Zhang Tony , Rosenberg Matthew , Perona Pietro , Meister Markus
Published: March 2023

An animal entering a new environment typically faces three challenges: explore the space for resources, memorize their locations, and navigate towards those targets as needed. Experimental work on exploration, mapping, and navigation has mostly focused on simple environments – such as an open arena [55], a pond [35], or a desert [37] – and much has been learned about neural signals in diverse brain areas under these conditions [11, 45]. However, many natural environments are highly complex, such as a system of burrows, or of intersecting paths through the underbrush. The same applies to many cognitive tasks, that typically allow only a limited set of actions at any given stage in the process. Here we propose an algorithm that learns the structure of a complex environment, discovers useful targets during exploration, and navigates back to those targets by the shortest path. It makes use of a behavioral module common to all motile animals, namely the ability to follow an odor to its source [4]. We show how the brain can learn to generate internal “virtual odors” that guide the animal to any location of interest. This
endotaxis
algorithm can be implemented with a simple 3-layer neural circuit using only biologically realistic structures and learning rules. Several neural components of this scheme are found in brains from insects to humans. Nature may have evolved a general mechanism for search and navigation on the ancient backbone of chemotaxis.
FOXC2 marks and maintains the primitive spermatogonial stem cells subpopulation in the adult testis
Authors: Wang Zhipeng , Jin Cheng , Li Pengyu , Li Yiran , Tang Jielin , Yu Zhixin , Jiao Tao , Ou Jinhuan , Wang Han , Zou Dingfeng , Li Mengzhen , Mang Xinyu , Liu Jun , Lu Yan , Li Kai , Zhang Ning , Miao Shiying , Yu Jia , Wang Linfang , Song Wei
Published: March 2023

In adult mammals, spermatogenesis embodies the complex transition from spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) to spermatozoa. This process is initiated by the dynamic transition among a series of SSCs subpopulations. However, it remains elusive and controversial for the identity of the primitive adult SSCs at the top of this developmental hierarchy. Using single-cell analysis and lineage tracing, we identified forkhead box protein C2 (FOXC2) as a specific marker for the primitive SSCs subpopulation in adult mice and humans. During homeostasis, FOXC2 + -SSCs can initiate spermatogenesis, and through which give rise to all sets of spermatogenic progenies. Specific ablation of the FOXC2 + -SSC results in depletion of the undifferentiated spermatogonia pool. During germline regeneration, spermatogenesis can be completely restored by FOXC2 + -SSCs. Germ cell-specific Foxc2 knockout resulted in accelerated exhaustion of SSCs and eventually led to male infertility. Mechanistically, FOXC2 is required for maintaining the quiescent state of the primitive SSCs by promoting the expression of negative regulators of cell cycle phase transition. Overall, this work proposed FOXC2 + -SSCs as an indispensable and primitive subgroup during homeostasis and regeneration in the adult testis.
Dally is not essential for Dpp spreading or internalization but for Dpp stability by antagonizing Tkv-mediated Dpp internalization
Authors: Simon Niklas , Safyan Abu , Pyrowolakis George , Matsuda Shinya
Published: March 2023

Dpp/BMP acts as a morphogen to provide positional information in the Drosophila wing disc. Key cell-surface molecules to control Dpp morphogen gradient and signaling are heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs). In the wing discs, two HSPGs, the glypicans Division abnormally delayed (Dally) and Dally-like (Dlp) have been suggested to act redundantly to control these processes through direct interaction of their heparan sulfate (HS) chains with Dpp. Based on this assumption, a number of models on how glypicans control Dpp gradient formation and signaling have been proposed, including facilitating or hindering Dpp spreading, stabilizing Dpp on the cell surface, or recycling Dpp. However, how distinct HSPGs act remains largely unknown. Here we generate genome-engineering platforms for the two HSPGs and find that only Dally is critical for Dpp gradient formation and signaling through interaction of its core protein with Dpp. However, we find that this interaction is not sufficient and the HS chains of Dally are essential for Dpp gradient formation and signaling, but surprisingly, largely without interacting with Dpp. We provide evidence that the HS chains of Dally are not essential for spreading or recycling of Dpp but for stabilizing Dpp on the cell surface by antagonizing Dpp internalization through Tkv. These results provide new insights into how distinct HSPGs control morphogen gradient formation and signaling during development.
Tanker om trøst og urørlighetssonen ved spiralinnleggelse
Authors: Fjelldal Sunniva Solhaug , Bergvoll Lise-Marie
Published: March 2023

Unge kvinner forteller om en opplevelse av sterk sjenanse ved sine første gynekologiske undersøkelser. En sjenanse som kan bære preg av ydmykelse og blottleggelse. I dette vitenskapelige essayet ser vi nærmere på betydningen av hvordan helsesykepleiere møter de unge kvinnene, og hvordan trøst som fenomen kan være relevant i disse møtene. Gjennom helsestasjon for ungdom og studenthelsetjenesten møter helsesykepleiere mange unge kvinner som ønsker spiral. For mange av disse kvinnene er det første gang de er på et gynekologisk besøk. Teksten tar utgangspunkt i førsteforfatters møter med unge kvinner som får spiral som prevensjonsmiddel, og andreforfatterens erfaringer i møter med sårbare barn og voksne. Vi ønsker å utforske hvordan helsesykepleiere kan være åpne for trøsten når vi står nært unge kvinners urørlighetssone ved spiralinnleggelse. Hensikten er ikke å gi noe klart svar, men tekstfortolkningen har vist at bevissthet og refleksjon om ivaretakelse av urørlighetssonen kan ha betydning for trøst hos unge kvinner som skal ha spiral. Slike refleksjoner kan være verdifull kunnskap for helsepersonell som gjennomfører spiralinnleggelse.