bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Removal of the smear layer by passive and continuous ultrasonic irrigation: a scanning electron microscopy study
Authors:   Clinical Practice Limited to Endodontics, Navegantes, Santa Catarina, Brazil., Machado Ricardo , Rother Alexandre ,   Clinical Practice Limited to Endodontics, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil., Comparin Daniel ,   Department of Endodontics, Paranaense University, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil., Pawar Ajinkya M. ,   Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Nair Hospital Dental College, Mumbai, Maharashtra India., de Souza Matos Felipe ,   Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil., Cunha Thais Christina ,   Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil., Alberton Luiz Rômulo ,   Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Paraná, Brazil., Paranhos Luiz Renato ,   Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Published: May 2022

Background: Due to the anatomical complexity of the root canal system, irrigation plays an essential role in endodontics. This in vitro study was sought to compare the removal of the smear layer (RSL) promoted by conventional irrigation (CI), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) and continuous ultrasonic irrigation (CUI) with 17% EDTA, by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Material and Methods: Forty single-rooted human mandibular canines were instrumented and randomly assigned to four groups (n=10), according to the irrigation protocol aiming to the RSL: CG (control group) —conventional irrigation with distilled water; CI— conventional irrigation with 17% EDTA; PUI —passive ultrasonic irrigation with 17% EDTA; CUI— continuous ultrasonic irrigation with 17% EDTA. Hemisections from each sample were obtained, and images of each root canal third (cervical, middle and apical) were captured at 1000 X magnification by SEM. Three previously calibrated and blinded evaluators classified the RSL, according to the criteria proposed by Torabinejad et al.: small or no smear layer (all dentinal tubules were clean and open); 2 = moderate smear layer (no smear layer on the surface of root canal, but dentinal tubules contained debris); 3 = dense smear layer (covering practically all dentinal tubules entrances). Statistical analysis was performed by Kruskal-Wallis and Bonferroni tests (p<0.05). Results: Overall, CUI and cervical thirds showed better RSL rates, compared with the other methods and thirds, respectively (p<0.05). More specifically, the cervical thirds showed better results in the CG, CI and PUI groups (p<0.05), whereas the cervical and middle thirds were not significantly different in the CUI group. Conclusion: CUI was the most effective method for the RSL.
Survival rate of fixed space maintainers used in Dentistry. Systematic review and Meta-analysis
Authors:   Universidad San Martín de Porres. Chiclayo, Perú., Arbildo-Vega Heber ,   Escuela de Odontología, Universidad Particular de Chiclayo. Chiclayo, Perú.,   Centro de Salud Odontológico San Mateo. Trujillo, Perú., Cantu-Oliva Jeniffer ,   Escuela de Odontología, Universidad Particular de Chiclayo. Chiclayo, Perú., Chumpitaz-Durand Rubén ,   Facultad de Odontología, Universidad San Martín de Porres. Chiclayo, Perú., Agüero-Alva José ,   Facultad de Odontología, Universidad San Martín de Porres. Chiclayo, Perú.,   Escuela de Odontología, Universidad Particular de Chiclayo. Chiclayo, Perú., Rendón-Alvarado Alfredo ,   Facultad de Odontología, Universidad San Martín de Porres. Chiclayo, Perú.,   Escuela de Odontología, Universidad Particular de Chiclayo. Chiclayo, Perú., Vásquez-Rodrigo Hernán ,   Facultad de Odontología, Universidad San Martín de Porres. Chiclayo, Perú.,   Escuela de Odontología, Universidad Particular de Chiclayo. Chiclayo, Perú.
Published: May 2022

Objective: To determine, through a systematic review and meta-analysis, the survival rate of fixed space maintainers used in Dentistry. Material and Methods: A literature search was carried out, following the guidelines of the PRISMA standards, until March 2020, in the biomedical databases: Pubmed, Embase, Scielo, Science Direct, Scopus, SIGLE, LILACS, Google Scholar and the Cochrane Central Registry of Clinical Trials. The selection criteria of the studies were defined as: clinical trials, without language restriction, up to 10 years old and that report the survival rate of fixed space maintainers used in dentistry. Study risk of bias was analyzed using the Cochrane Handbook of Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Results: The search strategy resulted in 159 articles, of which 10 were ultimately included for the present study. All included articles reported that the overall survival rate of the fixed space maintainers used in Dentistry was between 20% and 95%; the one with the highest survival rate is the crown and loop with 86.3%. When comparing the fiber-reinforced composite space maintainers with the band and loop it was observed that there is no difference between them; when comparing the crown and loop with the band and loop, a difference was observed, favoring the crown and loop. Conclusion: The reviewed literature suggests that the overall survival rate of fixed space maintainers used in dentistry ranges from 20 to 86.3% with a follow-up time of 6 to 18 months.
Microbial profile of root canals of pulpally infected teeth in Ghanaians
Authors:   Dental/Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana., Konadu Akua Boakyewaa ,   Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Ghana Dental School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana., Nyako Ebnezer Anno ,   Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Ghana Dental School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana., Ampofo Patrick Caldicock ,   Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Ghana Dental School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana., Akyeh Moses Lorenzo ,   Department of Bacteriology, Noguchi Memorial Institute of Medical Research. University of Ghana., Ndanu Thomas Akuetteh ,   Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, University of Ghana Dental School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana., Yeboah-Manu Dorothy ,   Department of Bacteriology, Noguchi Memorial Institute of Medical Research. University of Ghana.
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Pulpal and periapical infections are initiated by microorganisms when they gain access to the dental pulp. The success of root canal treatment principally depends on the eradication of the micro-organisms in the root canal system. The aim of this study was to evaluate the viable microbial profile of root canals with various stages of infection in Ghanaians. Material and Methods: Forty-four consecutive patients with sixty teeth referred to the Restorative Dentistry Clinic requiring root canal treatment were recruited. Root canal samples were collected from the teeth with sterile paper points. The samples were processed and subjected to microbial analysis and identification using Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS). Results: A total of 259 isolates were recovered from the 60 infected root canals, belonging to twenty different microbial genera. Out of the 259 microbial species isolated, only two were Candida albicans, a fungi; 257 (99.2%) were bacterial isolates belonging to 19 genera. The 19 genera encompassed 53 bacterial species, out of which 26 (49.1%) were identified as facultative anaerobes, 15 (28.3 %.) as obligate anaerobes and 12 (22.6%) were aerobes. Streptococcus species (Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus constellatus) were the most predominant isolates, followed by Prevotella sp, Actinomyces sp, Enterococcus faecalis and Rothia sp respectively. Conclusion: The findings of this study show that infected root canals are polymicrobial in nature. The determination of the microbial profile aids in understanding the pathogenesis of pulpal and periradicular infections and helps in choosing effective antimicrobial irrigation and medicament for root canal treatment.
Oral health-related quality of life of elderly people and associated sociodemographic factors
Authors:   Escuela de Posgrado de la Universidad Católica de Santa María, Arequipa, Perú., Miranda-Medina Alberto , Alcocer-Nuñez Julio ,   Escuela de Posgrado de la Universidad Católica de Santa María, Arequipa, Perú.
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Oral health plays a key role in people's quality of life. This is especially relevant in vulnerable groups such as the elderly. Objective: To determine how the sociodemographic characteristics of the elderly in a city of Arequipa (Peru) are associated with Oral Health-related Quality of Life (OHRQoL). Material and Methods: A descriptive, prospective, cross-sectional study consisting of 240 older adults, was carried out between October and December of 2019. Sociodemographic characteristics were assessed by means of a questionnaire, while oral health-related quality of life was evaluated using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). A descriptive analysis was performed to study the distribution of oral health-related quality of life and sociodemographic characteristics. An inferential analysis was performed to determine the association between the study variables. Results: Most of the older adults were aged between 60-65 years (32.1%). Female participants were the most prevalent group accounting for 60.8%; 42.5% had completed secondary education; 45.4% were married; and 46.7% were covered by a Comprehensive Health Insurance system (SIS, for its acronym in Spanish); 42.9% lived in a extended-family household; and more than half of the respondents reported an income below the minimum living wage (64.2%). Most of the older adults perceived that their oral health did not have a negative impact on their quality of life, with excellent (45.4%) and moderate (34.6%) assessments of their oral health-related quality of life. The most affected dimensions were psychological discomfort (84.2%) and functional limitation (72.1%). Age, educational level, marital status, type of insurance, and level of income had a statistically significant relationship with oral health-related quality of life (p<0.05). Conclusion: Most of the sociodemographic characteristics analyzed are indeed related to the perception of older adults in this study as to how oral health impacted their quality of life.
L’hétéroglossie dans l’enseignement de langues
Authors: DE PAULA Luciane , RODRIGUES LUCIANO José antonio
Published: May 2022

Cette présentation propose une réflexion sur la diversité discursive dans l’enseignement de langues, basée sur des études bakhtiniennes. L'exemple de travail se concentre sur la chanson « Zaluzejo », d’O Teatro Mágico (OTM), liée, par sa structure énonciative, à la constitution de l'identité-altérité du sujet (de langage et socioculturel). Par une méthodologie qualitative interprétative, cette recherche vérifie que les marques linguistiques qui caractérisent le sujet sur le plan socioculturel, par la dimension verbale, sont confirmées par l'intonation, marquée dans la dimension vocale-sonore. Les résultats du travail d'enseignement de la langue brésilienne avec cette chanson montrent que l'unité de la chanson révèle plus que la structure linguistique, car elle reflète et réfracte une voix sociale (une vision du monde) qui compose le sujet, dans un espace-temps situé. Incorporez la chanson dans l'enseignement signifie considérer les hétérogénéités qui composent une langue, une société et un homme et c'est la pertinence de cette étude.
La chanson pour un meilleur apprentissage d’une langue étrangère
Authors: DEHIMECHE Atika
Published: May 2022

De nos jours, la classe de langues doit moderniser ses méthodes d'enseignement pour améliorer les compétences des apprenants de langues étrangères et les aider à les acquérir rapidement. Par conséquent, notre étude vise à motiver les adultes à améliorer leur vocabulaire et leur prononciation, anglais / français, à travers la chanson. À cette fin, notre recherche utilise des entretiens et des questionnaires pour collecter des données. Nous avons interviewé des professeurs de phonétique et d'expression orale à l'Université de Mostaganem en Algérie, et questionné des étudiants universitaires. Nous avons passé un certain nombre de chansons en classe pour tenter d'impliquer certains étudiants dans une telle expérience. Pour voir si cette méthode aide à enseigner / apprendre des langues étrangères d’une manière facile et amusante.
Rôle de la chanson dans le développement identitaire chez les enfants kabyles
Authors: HADJARAB Soraya
Published: May 2022

L’enfant est un être social qui s’approprie les idées, les valeurs et les modèles qu'il hérite de son groupe d'appartenance ou des schèmes de pensée que véhicule sa communauté. Ces idées et ces valeurs circulent et se transmettent dans et par le discours social. Or, la chanson enfantine représente une forme de ce discours qui peut être vecteur de revendications identitaires et linguistiques via lesquelles se cultive le sentiment d’appartenance.
De plus, ces chansons constituent un support et pas des moindres, d’une part dans l’apprentissage des langues-cultures maternelles (objet des revendications en question) aussi bien en contexte naturel qu’institutionnel et d’autre part dans la transmission intergénérationnelle de la langue d’origine en contexte de mobilité interne ou externe.
Dans notre contribution, nous nous intéressons à la chanson identitaire destinée aux enfants kabyles afin d’interroger les valeurs qu’elle exprime. Notre corpus sera constitué de textes chantés par des chœurs d’enfants ou des chanteurs connus sur la scène nationale et internationale pour leur engagement dans le combat identitaire en l’occurrence Idir, Ait Manguellat et Nouara.
L’apport de la musique dans le cadre d’un module interdisciplinaire en didactique des langues et des cultures
Authors: LAIGNEAU GRIFFIN Claire
Published: May 2022

Un projet webradio mis en œuvre à l’INSPÉ de Nantes sur le site du Mans, a été l’occasion pour des étudiants de Master MEEF Anglais de s’interroger sur l’apport de la musique dans le cadre d’un module interdisciplinaire en didactique des langues et des cultures. Quels sont les bienfaits de la musique pour le climat de classe ou l’apprentissage ? Quel est l’intérêt de travailler en interdisciplinarité pour les futurs professeurs de langue et leurs élèves ? Comment équilibrer l’apport de chaque discipline ? Un recueil de données par questionnaire a permis d’avoir accès aux représentations des participants et de comprendre les forces et les faiblesses du projet.
Allier musique et motivation en classe de langues
Authors: RAZAFINDRAZAKA Narisoa nadia
Published: May 2022

Étant un élément socio-culturel d’envergure permettant d’extérioriser la pensée, la musique est individuelle car elle permet à chaque individu de s’affirmer mais dispose également d’un aspect collectif. Les chansons peuvent être instructives pour les individus voire véhiculaires d’identité. Par ailleurs, apprendre les langues en chanson présente des avantages sur le plan cognitif et sur la mémorisation mais pourrait également être soporifique, c’est pourquoi il est important de bien choisir son support audio-visuel. La motivation d’apprentissage des langues pourrait naître à travers les chansons.
ВЫСОКОЭФФЕКТИВНОЕ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ УПРАВЛЕНИЕ ЭКОНОМИКОЙ РЕГИОНОВ КАК ОСНОВА САНКЦИОННОЙ УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ РОССИИ
Authors: Боязитов Давыд Рушанович
Published: May 2022

Цель исследования: провести кейсовое исследование эффективности ситуационного реагирования на обострение экономического кризиса непосредственно в регионах России.

Методология исследования. Для исследования выбран метод кейс-стади, с помощью которого проведен анализ государственного управления экономикой регионов на протяжении периода с 24.02.2022 г. до 24.03.2022 г.

Результаты исследования. В статье представлен исторический ракурс контрциклического управления экономикой России. Изучен кейсовый опыт обеспечения санкционной устойчивости экономики регионов России с особенным вниманием к передовому опыту губернаторов «новой волны» и Волгоградской области. Выявлены весомые успехи в сфере импортозамещения в регионах России, ставшего основой санкционной устойчивости экономики региона. Обосновано, что в условиях обострившегося санкционного кризиса стала еще более важна тесная связь экономики и политики, которая достаточно сильна в России.

Перспективы исследования. Рекомендован пересмотр критерия устойчивости применительно к оценке эффективности государственного управления экономикой региона в сторону импортозамещения и налаживания разделения труда в отечественной региональной экономике.
Historijsko slikarstvo u Hrvatskoj od ilirskog pokreta do Drugog svjetskog rata
Authors:   , Kokeza Ivan
Published: May 2022

History painting in Croatia is defined and studied as a specific art genre, that is, as the phenomenon of the so-called long 19th century and an integral part of the European and, in the narrow sense, Central European cultural circle. The presentation of history (primarily on canvas) and the popularization of the most represented themes and motifs (through various graphic techniques) are brought into a close and reciprocal relationship with the formation of national identity, the strengthening of the bourgeoisie and the implementation of specific cultural policies. Following the accomplished cataloguing and periodization of the genre, the works of prominent representatives are analyzed in chronological order: Franjo Salghetti Drioli, Vjekoslav Karas, Josip Franjo Mücke, Ferdinand Quiquerez, Vlaho Bukovac, Mate Celestin Medović, Bela Čikoš Sesija, Oton Iveković, Ivan Tišov and Josip Horvat Međimurec. Special attention is paid to the paintings in the so-called Golden Hall of the Department of Religious and Educational Affairs of Croatian Provincial Government in 10 Opatička Street in Zagreb and the activities of the „Medulić“ Society.
Validação do aplicativo móvel Asptraqueal para aspiração
Authors: GMS Magela Salomé , Martins Rosa Gislaine Cristina , Da rosa Jonas isac
Published: May 2022

OBJETIVO: Construir e validar um aplicativo multimídia em plataforma móvel para guiar passo a passo o procedimento de aspiração da cânula endotraqueal e vias aéreas superiores. MÉTODOS: O aplicativo foi validado por 48 profissionais utilizando a técnica Delphi. Para análise estatística foi utilizado o Índice de Validade de Conteúdo e o índice de Alfa de Cronbach. RESULTADOS: no primeiro ciclo de avaliação, os itens do conteúdo do aplicativo Asptraqueal foram considerados pelos juízes como “inadequados” a “totalmente adequados”. Após implementados os ajustes sugeridos pelos juízes, o conteúdo do aplicativo Asptraqueal foi reenviado para o segundo ciclo de avaliação, no qual todos os itens foram julgados “adequados” ou “totalmente adequados”. O Índice de Validade de Conteúdo variou entre 0,87 e 1,0, tal resultado caracteriza o conteúdo entre ótimo e excelente. A média do coeficiente Alpha de Cronbach foi 0,86, determinando boa consistência interna do instrumento utilizado para validação do aplicativo. CONCLUSÃO: O aplicativo Asptraqueal- App foi validado por profissional com experiência na área, mostrando concordância do conteúdo entre os juízes na segunda avaliação. O aplicativo desenvolvido poderá dar suporte a ações educativas em saúde, contribuindo para que o profissional possa realizar aspiração do tubo endotraqueal e de vias aéreas superiores, com mínimo risco, sem dano e eventos adversos.
[RETRACTED] King Cobra Gummies : Review, SCAM, Shark Tank, Male Enhancement, Price, Ingredients, Official Website v1
Authors: not provided jamesbond
Published: May 2022

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Authors: not provided zhmq
Published: May 2022

shp files for analysis and result of Geodetecter.
Preparation of libraries (Metabarcoding) for Illumina sequencing - Genomer Platform v1
Authors: Bigeard Estelle
Published: May 2022

The following detailed protocol is for the generation of paired-end sequencing reads of 16S or 18S (or any other marker) PCR amplicons with multiple barcodes (i.e.: “indices”) on the Illumina MiSeq machine using Nextera and V2 or V3 chemistry on the GENOMER platform. Catalog numbers are given when items from specific vendors (vs. generic choices) are required. This work benefited from access to the GENOMER platform at Station Biologique de Roscoff. The GENOMERPlatform is one of Biogenouest Genomics platforms. GENOMER provides the scientific community with the necessary tools to complete sequencing projects. https://www.sb-roscoff.fr/en/research-and-training-centre-marine-biology-and-oceanography/services/technological-core-facilities/genomics-core-facility/about-genomics-core-facility Protocol reference EB-BM-MO-022 Preparation of librairies (Metabarcoding) for Illumina sequencing - Plateform Genomer.pdf List of supplemental files Supplemental material 1_DNA_5K_Quick_Guide.pdf Supplemental material 2_DNA-High-Sens-Quick-Guide.pdf Illumina_LibraryPool_Model.xlsx Primers_Illumina_1.0.xlsx
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Authors: Male Enhancement Rockwerx
Published: May 2022

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[RETRACTED] Vardaxyn RX Male Enhancement Reviews, Benefits, Price And Buy Now! v1
Authors: RX Male Enhancement Reviews Vardaxyn
Published: May 2022

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Quantum Neural Networks in Machine Learning: Problems and Prospects
Authors:   Bashkir State Pedagogical University named Akmullah, Ufa, Russian Federation, Safronov K. Yu.
Published: May 2022

Despite rapid theoretical and practical progress, machine learning algorithms require large computational resources. However, new opportunities are opening up due to the advent of quantum computing devices that directly use the laws of quantum mechanics to bypass the technological and thermodynamic limitations of classical computing. Taking into account that artificial neural networks are actively used in solving a number of practical problems, with the advent of quantum computing technologies, the development of quantum neural networks for the implementation of quantum machine learning is very relevant. The article considers a quantum analogue of classical neurons that form quantum neural networks capable of performing universal quantum computations.
New Algorithm for Detecting Road Lanes
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University V. I. Ulyanov (Lenin) LETI,, Fahmi S. Sh. ,   Solomenko Institute of Transport Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Sokolov Y. M. ,   St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University V. I. Ulyanov (Lenin) LETI, Eid M. M. ,   St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University V. I. Ulyanov (Lenin) LETI, Pyshkina N. Y. ,   Admiral Makarov State University of Maritime and Inland Shipping, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: May 2022

Lane detection systems play a crucial role in the context of advanced driver assistance and autonomous driving systems. Such systems can reduce the number of traffic accidents and improve driving safety by warning the driver in dangerous traffic situations. In addition, the detection of traffic lanes with their left and right borders, along with the recognition of their types, is of great importance because they provide contextual information. Lane detection is a difficult task because road conditions and light conditions change while driving. This article proposes a new combined method for determining traffic lanes based on the pyramidal-recursive method and multi-modal segmentation. The results of modeling the proposed method in comparison with known approaches are presented.
Investigation of the Operation of Web Applications without a Command-Events from an External Source (from the Client)
Authors:   Higher school of information technologies and automated systems of the Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M. V. Lomonosov, Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation, Krekhalev V. V.
Published: May 2022

Many web programmers are faced with the problem of not being able to implement a number of methods by internal means of the web server, due to the lack of a tool for calling program modules on internal and independent events (for example, when a certain time occurs or when an event occurs from an independent event source). This article describes the research and concept of a web application in the absence of external commands to run a web application script by means of a web server. In parallel to the task, the issue of storing data in variables between iterations of the web application script was solved (without using shared memory tools).
Building the Scale for Fraud Detection on the Internet Using ML
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, 101000, Russian Federation, Zhukova L. V. ,   JSC EC-LEASING CO., Moscow, 117587, Russian Federation, Kovalchuk I. M. ,   MIREA — Russian Technological University, Moscow, Russian Federation,   JSC EC-LEASING CO., Moscow, 117587, Russian Federation, Kochnev A. A. ,   lekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation,   JSC EC-LEASING CO., Moscow, 117587, Russian Federation, Chugunov V. R. ,   JSC "EC-LEASING" CO., Moscow, 117587, Russian Federation
Published: May 2022

The widespread digitalization of the modern society and the development of information technology have increased the number of methods of interaction between financial institutions and potential consumers of financial services. At the same time, the advent of new financial products inevitably leads to an increase in threats, and the use of information technology facilitates the continuous "improvement" of fraudulent schemes and unfair services that negatively impact both the financial market as a whole and its individual participants, such as financial institutions and their clients. Due to the development of modern society, most financial transactions have moved to the Internet, including the fraudulent ones. When services are provided remotely, it is more difficult to trace and prosecute the beneficiary, but there are still ways to stop fraudulent activity. They can be characterized as labour-consuming, as the monitoring and analysis of huge amounts of unstructured information (BigData) located on the Internet take great amount of time and effort. The solution to detecting illegal activity in the financial market is based on open data intelligence, the application of machine learning methods and systems analysis techniques. The article examines the types of financial services provided on the Internet, among which fraudulent activities are most common. In order to identify illegal financial services, criteria are identified and grouped according to their contribution to the decision-making process. The main result of the study is the construction of the scale of a complex indicator, which is used to develop a mathematical model based on the selected criteria and machine learning methods to identify the extent of illegality of financial services provided on the Internet.
Unstable Wormholes: Communications Between Urban Planning and Game Studies
Authors: Shakeri Moozhan
Published: May 2022

The past decade has seen a gradual but steady increase in the planning scholars’ interest in outlining a functional place for games in planning. A wide range of games for and about urban planning is developed and tested, from data-driven games that rely on extensive modelling techniques and aim to reduce the cost and risk of real-world scenario testing, to those that seek to educate their players about the complex nature of political and social issues. Despite the increasing interest in strengthening communications between planning and game studies, the current state is an amalgam of confusion and optimism about games’ role and added value. To shed light on why such confusions emerge, the article reflects on the nature and outcomes of communications between urban planning and games studies and explores games’ historical and current conceptions in planning. By adopting concepts from the work of Holbrook on interdisciplinary communications, the article explores how game studies’ concepts are rendered useful in planning and how planning theory has dealt with untranslatability and incommensurability of concepts in the processes of establishing and sustaining communications with game studies.
Playing for Keeps: Designing Serious Games for Climate Adaptation Planning Education With Young People
Authors: Hügel Stephan , Davies Anna R.
Published: May 2022

Citizen engagement around climate change remains a wicked problem. It is particularly challenging in relation to climate change adaptation at the local level. In response, this article presents the design steps taken to create a serious game for young people (aged 15–17) as a means to increase engagement in planning for climate change adaptation in Dublin. The iAdapt game acts as the capstone component of the audio and visual teaching and learning resources for adaptation education on the Climate Smart platform and uses open data, interactive in-browser 2.5D mapping and spatial analysis, and exemplar socio-technical adaptation interventions. Its primary aim is to empower young people to understand and engage with the complexities, uncertainties, and processes of climate adaptation planning by using scientifically validated flood data predictions, grounded in a place-based setting and with diverse examples of diverse adaptation interventions. Participants experience the difficulties of decision-making under conditions of democratic governance and uncertainty in order to educate, increase awareness, and stimulate discussions around the multiple possible pathways to planning for climate adaptation. Initial testing results with a cohort of young people in Dublin are presented. We conclude by reflecting upon the challenges of creating a game that has broad appeal yet remains enjoyable to play and the value of integrating real-world flood data with gamified elements. We also discuss the “value question” regarding the impact of games on expanding public engagement. Finally, the article sets out a plan for further development and dissemination of the platform and game.
AR-GE ÇALIŞMALARI VE BEŞERÎ SERMAYENİN EKONOMİK BÜYÜMEYE ETKİLERİ: MATEMATİKSEL BİR MODELLEMENİN EKONOMETRİK ÇÖZÜMÜ
Authors: Filiz Ali
Published: May 2022

Ekonomik büyümenin artırılması tüm ülkelerin ortak bir hedefidir. Bilim insanları ekonomik büyümenin kaynaklarını belirleyebilmek için birçok matematiksel fonksiyonlar ve istatistiksel yöntemden yararlanmaktadırlar. Bu çalışmada ekonomik büyümenin matematiksel fonksiyonlar yardımıyla modellenmesi, tarihsel gelişim sırası içinde ele alınmış, elde edilen modelde yer alan teknoloji parametresi Ar-Ge çalışmaları ve beşerî sermayeyi kapsayacak şekilde genişletilmiştir. Bu fonksiyonel kalıp, ekonometrik model haline getirilip, katsayıları gelişmiş 40, gelişmekte olan 21 ülkenin 1996-2020 dönemi verileri kullanılarak panel veri analizi yöntemiyle tahmin edilmiştir.
Elde edilen bulgulara göre; kişi başına düşen milli geliri, kişi başına düşen Ar-Ge harcamalarındaki %1’lik artış gelişmekte olan ülkelerde %0.048-%0.067, gelişmiş ülkelerde %0.197 artırmıştır. AR-Ge alanında çalışan araştırmacı sayısındaki %1’lik artış gelişmekte olan ülkelerde %0.31-ile %0.49, gelişmiş ülkelerde %0.158 yükseltmiştir. Kişi başına düşen eğitim harcaması %1 artırıldığında kişi başına düşen milli gelir gelişmekte olan ülkelerde %0.223-%0.276, gelişmiş ülkelerde %0.225 oranında artmıştır. Kişi başına düşen sağlık harcamaları %1 arttığında milli gelir gelişmekte olan ülkelerde %0.242-%0.267 artarken, gelişmiş ülkelerde %0.257 oranında yükselmiştir. İşgücü başına düşen sabit sermaye stoku %1 arttığında kişi başına düşen milli gelir gelişmiş ülkelerde %0.302, gelişmiş ülkelerde %0.194 oranında yükselmiştir.
Sol meme radyoterapisinde brakial pleksus, karotis arter ve tiroid dozlarının değerlendirilmesi
Authors: İNAN Gökçen , GÜL Osman Vefa , BAŞARAN Hamit
Published: May 2022

Amaç: Meme kanserinde radyoterapi (RT) uygulaması hastalığın kontrolünde ve sağkalımında önemli bir yere sahiptir. Genel sağkalım sürelerinin artmasına bağlı olarak meme kanseri tedavisinde görülen yan etkilerin önemi artmıştır. Bu çalışmada RT uygulanan meme kanseri olgularda, brakial pleksus, karotis arter ve tiroid dozlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı.
Yöntem: Çalışmamızda radikal mastektomi yapılmış 15 sol meme kanseri hastaya, alan içinde alan (Field in Field (FinF)), statik yoğunluk ayarlı radyoterapi (S-YART) ve dinamik yoğunluk ayarlı radyoterapi (D-YART) teknikleri ile üç farklı radyoterapi planları hazırlandı. Planlar planlanan hedef hacim (Planned Target Volume-(PTV)) dozları, konformite indeksi (CI) ve homojenite indeksi (HI) açısından değerlendirildi. Kritik organlar olarak brakial pleksus, sol karotis arter ve tiroid dozları karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular: PTV’ nin aldığı ortalama dozlar üç teknik içinde benzer bulundu. Tiroidin Dort, V20, V30 (Gy) doz değerleri S-YART tekniğinde, FinF ve D-YART tekniklerine göre anlamlı olarak azaldı (p<0.05). Tiroidin V45 (Gy) değeri ise D-YART ve S-YART tekniklerinde anlamlı olarak azaldığı görüldü (p değerleri sırasıyla 0.006, 0.005). Brakial pleksus Dort (Gy) ve V45 (Gy) değerleri D-YART ve S-YART tekniklerinde FinF tekniğine göre anlamlı olarak daha düşük bulundu (p<0.05). Sol karotis arter Dort değeri S-YART tekniğinde anlamlı olarak azaldı (p=0.012).
Sonuç: Radikal mastektomi uygulanmış sol memeye yönelik radyoterapi tedavisinde brakial pleksus, sol karotis arter ve tiroid dozlarının S-YART ve D-YART tekniklerinde daha iyi korunduğu bulundu. Hastalara tedavi planı seçimlerinde bu kritik yapıların aldığı dozlara bakılarak kişiye uygun planlama tercih edilmelidir.
Çocuk nöroloji kliniğine senkop şikayeti ile başvuran hastaların retrospektif özellikleri
Authors: AYDIN Hilal , BUCAK İbrahim , ERDOĞAN Sümeyye
Published: May 2022

Amaç: Çalışmamızın amacı; senkop şikâyeti ile çocuk nöroloji polikliniğine başvuran hastaların senkop etiyolojisi, klinik özellikleri ve laboratuvar parametrelerinin incelenmesidir. Yöntem: Ekim 2017-Haziran 2019 tarihleri arasında üçüncü basamak bir eğitim ve araştırma hastanesi çocuk nöroloji polikliniğine senkop nedeniyle başvuran 107 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya 62’si (%57.9) kız, 45’i (%42.1) erkek olmak üzere toplam 107 hasta dahil edildi. Yaş ortalaması 10.54±4.88 yıl (1-18 yaş) idi. Senkop atak sayısı ortalama 2.79, ortanca 3 (1-4) idi. 3 veya daha fazla sayıda senkop geçirenlerin sayısı daha fazla idi (%57). 45 (%42.1) olguda prodromal belirtiler ve 32 (%30.2) olguda postsenkop bulgular bulunmaktaydı. Prodromal belirtiler sıklık sırasına göre değerlendirildiğinde; motor bulgular (n=32, %30), üriner inkontinans-motor bulgular (n=8, %7.5) ve üriner inkontinans (n=5, %4.6) olduğu belirlendi. Altı (%5.6) olguda elektrokardiyografisinde patoloji, dokuz (%8,4) olguda kranial görüntülemede anormallik, 21 (%19.6) olgunun elektroensefalografisinde epileptiform karakterde anormallik saptandı. Senkop etiyolojisinde görülen en sık üç neden; vazovagal nedenler (n=50, %46.7), psikojenik nedenler (n=25, %23.4) ve epilepsi (n=21, %19.6) idi. Sonuç: Senkop etiyolojisinin çeşitliliği bilinmektedir. Rekürren senkop ataklarının çocuk nöroloji poliklinik başvurularında ön planda ve senkop etiyolojisinde epilepsinin literatüre göre yüksek oranda olduğu bilgisine ulaşıldı.
Textos e Debates n°10
Authors: Completa Revista
Published: May 2022

o Centro de Ciências Humanas, em conjunto com a Editora da UFRR, tem grande satisfação em apresentar à comunidade universitária mais uma edição da revista Textos e Debates, a de número 10.

O Comitê Editorial da Revista tem se empenhado fortemente para garantir a regularidade e a qualidade da revisa, no sentido de realizar um de nossos principais compromissos que é estimular a produção acadêmica e garantir aos seus professores, pesquisadores e estudantes um espaço adequado para mostrar seu trabalho; buscamos, ainda, a contribuição de outros profissionais do país, com o objetivo de ampliar, dessa forma, o combate tão necessário para a retomada de posição críticos, da criação de um espaço cuja autonomia intelectual seja elemento constituinte do processo de produção do conhecimento.

com este objetivo, o comitê editorial vem propondo uma série de mudanças voltadas para garantir e ampliar a qualidade da Revista Textos e Debates. para os próximos números, contaremos com um Conselho Editorial ampliado, através da inserção de professores e pesquisadores importantes de nossa universidade, e com um Conselho Consultivo, formado por professores-pesquisadores de outras instituições.

Agradecemos a todas as pessoas que, sensivelmente a este projeto, contribuíram com seus artigos.

Desejamos a todos que tenham uma boa leitura e que se sintam estimulados a contribuir com a sua produção acadêmica para os próximos números.
Textos e Debates n°12
Authors: Completa Revista
Published: May 2022

É com grande satisfação que o Centro de Ciências Humanas, em conjunto com a Editora da UFRR, proporciona à comunidade universitária a edição número 12 da Revista Textos & Debates.

Após o forte empenho do comité Editorial da Revista e da Editora da UFRR estamos garantindo a regularidade e a qualidade da mesma. Deste modo, cumprimos com o principal objetivo da Revista que é estimular a produção e garantir aos professores, pesquisadores e estudantes um espaço adequado para mostrar seu trabalho. É com grande satisfação também que observamos a imensa procura e, consequentemente, as contribuições de outros profissionais do país, que cada vez mais têm enviado textos para serem publicados em nossa Revista, ampliando o debate tão necessário para a retomada de posições críticas e para a constituição do processo de produção do conhecimento.

Agradecemos a todas as pessoas que contribuíram com seus artigos para a publicação desse número, desejando aos leitores uma boa leitura e que se sintam estimulados a contribuir com suas produções acadêmicas para os próximos números.
REPRESENTAÇÕES CITADINAS: ASPECTOS DO DESENVOLVIMENTO URBANO E DAS TRINCHEIRAS ESPACIAIS EM BOA VISTA-RR
Authors: Neves Leandro Roberto , Melville Naoma Gordon , Silva Márcia Justino da
Published: May 2022

Esse texto é um recorte da pesquisa intitulada “Fronteiras e Amazônia: Aspectos urbanos e Representações Citadinas”, realizada na cidade de Boa Vista-Roraima-Brasil. Elegeu-se como objeto dois aspectos na cidade, um bairro e uma manifestação cultural. Os dois elementos foram analisados na perspectiva que tanto o material quanto o imaterial estão em processo de transformação, saindo de um modelo de sociedade pautada nos valores rurais para o modelo de sociedade amparada pelas necessidades dos elementos urbanos. Apontou-se como o processo de trincheiras espaciais simbólicas são produzidas a partir das habitações em uma área de vulnerabilidade social e, por fim, explanou de forma breve a prática da quadrilha junina em Boa Vista, como esta manifestação cultural também sofreu mudanças do mercado cultural.
O LIVRO DIDÁTICO E AS SOCIEDADES INDÍGENAS
Authors: Silva Vitor Ferreira
Published: May 2022

O presente trabalho busca perceber as representações acerca da temática indígena a partir do livro didático de História. Nosso objetivo é entender qual é o tipo de conhecimento que a escola reproduz sobre os indígenas e, a partir disso, pontuar os elementos que colaboram para

uma visão típica sobre os nativos. Dentro de uma breve discussão sobre o currículo de história, livro didático e representações sobre os indígenas, veremos como a invisibilidade do “índio” é reforçada por uma narrativa tradicional e ainda hegemônica nos livros escolares.
A review of Carica papaya’s geographical origins and pharmacological activities
Authors: Gautam Girendra Kumar , Rona Zubair Ali , Kumar Ravi , Kumar Mohit , Kumar Gaurav
Published: May 2022

is a tropical fruit that is widely produced and obsessively consumed, both for its delicious flavor and for its numerous medicinal benefits. is a tropical fruit that ranges in colour from orange red to yellow orange. The entire plant was used as medicine, including the fruit, leaves, roots, peel, bark, seed, and pulp. Papaya is the common name for this plant, and Papita is the Hindi name for it. It is now cultivated all over the world and used as an attractive tree in gardens. It was first introduced to India in the 17th century. Due to the presence of phenolics, flavonoid, and alkaloids as the active ingredients, papaya is recognised for its antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer, antifertility, antiinflammatory, antiulcer, antidiabetic, and hepatoprotective properties, among others. phytochemicals that are important Many commercial goods made from diverse plant components are available on the market and are used for a variety of applications. This review discusses the fruit's origins and briefly examines its nutritional and pharmacological properties.
A Review of Clinical Trial Studies on Medicinal Plants in the Treatment of Diabetes
Authors: Fallah Bahare , Mehrabbeik Akram , Salmani Naiire
Published: May 2022

Objective: The use of medicinal plants in diabetic patients is rising, it is essential to increase knowledge about the effects of medicinal plants and subsequently perform evidence-based action, so, review studies are a helpful way for the present purpose. Current study was conducted to investigate the clinical trials of medicinal plants used in the treatment of diabetes in Iran.
Materials and Methods: Articles published online between 2010 - 2020 were googled in Magiran, SID, Scopus, and, Iran Medex with Persian keywords such as “type 2 diabetes”, “medicinal herbs”, “healing herbs” “herbs”, “medicinal plants” and “clinical trial”. The inclusion criteria for articles were conducting in the form of a clinical trial, conducting in Iran, publishing in Persian language and having at least a score of 3 based on the Jadad scale.
Results: 20 clinical trial studies were extracted. Five studies were conducted on cinnamon and two studies on cumin and the rest of the plants were examined just in one study. Although some trials showed positive effects of the medicinal plants on reducing fasting blood sugar (FBS) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), some others demonstrated that medicinal plants had no effect on important variables in diabetes control.
Conclusion: Conclusions about the benefits of plants should be made with caution, safety and efficacy of plants in the treatment of diabetes should be investigated further. It is essential that patients take any herbal supplements under physician’s supervision and after receiving the necessary advice.
System ekozarządzania i audytu (EMAS) w organizacji
Authors: Matuszak-Flejszman Alina
Published: May 2022

W monografii wskazano praktyczne rozwiązania o uniwersalnym charakterze, które mogą mieć zastosowanie w każdej organizacji w zakresie wdrażania i utrzymania systemu ekozarządzania i audytu. Zawarto podstawowe założenia i wymagania dotyczące systemu ekozarządzania i audytu zgodne z unijnym rozporządzeniem. Opisano przesłanki i bariery wdrażania systemu ekozarządzania i audytu oraz korzyści dla organizacji wynikające z jego utrzymania i doskonalenia. Zestawiono również podobieństwa i różnice pomiędzy wymaganiami zawartymi w rozporządzeniu EMAS a normą ISO 14001 w celu wykazania dodatkowych wymagań, jakie musi spełnić kierownictwo organizacji, które chce uzyskać pozytywną weryfikację oraz zarejestrować się w EMAS. W monografii wyszczególniono ujęte w rozporządzeniu EMAS elementy niezbędne do skutecznego zaplanowania, wdrożenia i oceny systemu ekozarządzania i audytu. Wskazano, jakie wymagania musi spełnić kierownictwo organizacji oraz jaką rolę odgrywa wsparcie w realizacji tego projektu. Ponadto zwrócono uwagę na znaczącą rolę procesu monitorowania i pomiarów oraz przeprowadzanych analiz i ocen zgodności z wymaganiami. Podano przykładowe rozwiązania w tym obszarze, które mogą zostać wykorzystane w wielu organizacjach. W celu przybliżenia kwestii dotyczących wdrożenia i oceny systemu ekozarządzania i audytu przedstawiono przykłady najlepszych dostępnych praktyk zarządzania środowiskowego oraz wskaźników efektywności środowiskowej i kryteriów doskonałości wraz z poziomami oceny środowiskowych efektów działalności. Przedstawione zostały również szczegółowe informacje dotyczące procesu weryfikacji systemu ekozarządzania i audytu, a także wymagań dotyczących weryfikatorów środowiskowych EMAS oraz ich akredytacji. Dzięki zaproponowanym rozwiązaniom oraz wykorzystaniu wybranych wskaźników efektywności środowiskowej i kryteriów doskonałości kierownictwo organizacji będzie w stanie zastosować wskazówki dotyczące skuteczności działań podejmowanych w odniesieniu do znaczących aspektów środowiskowych organizacji.
Downsizing w przedsiębiorstwie. Stan, uwarunkowania, model
Authors: Wojtkowiak Grzegorz
Published: May 2022

Książka podejmuje zagadnienie współczesnego downsizingu. Opiera się na założeniu, że zmiany w gospodarce wpłynęły na ewolucję downsizingu, a to wygenerowało potrzebę redefinicji pojęcia i roli tego procesu oraz określenia nowego modelu wykorzystania go w przedsiębiorstwie. Kompleksowość zagadnienia i wykazana szerokość jego znaczenia wymusiły postawienie pytania o przebieg procesu podjęcia decyzji o downsizingu i jej realizacji, w tym o definicję jego skali, efektów i uwarunkowań stosowania. Głównym efektem pracy jest sformułowanie koncepcyjnego modelu przedstawiającego podejmowanie decyzji o downsizingu i jej realizacji. W książce dokonano redefinicji i systematyki współczesnego procesu downsizingu oraz umiejscowiono go wśród innych metod i narzędzi zarządzania. W sferze poznawczej określono skalę występowania downsizingu w Polsce i efekty jego wdrażania, rozpoznając również czynniki i uwarunkowania wpływające na jego realizację. Ważnym efektem aplikacyjnym była identyfikacja i uporządkowanie narzędzi stosowanych w procesie realizacji downsizingu oraz barier i zagrożeń w ich stosowaniu, a także zdefiniowanie pojęcia potencjału downsizingowego. Istotnym wkładem autora w badania nad współczesnym downsizingiem jest wyciągnięcie wniosków zarówno z badań danych finansowych, jak i badań jakościowych, czego efektem jest rekomendacja polimetodycznego podejścia do procesu poznania downsizingu, a także wskazanie kierunków przyszłych badań.