bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REDUCTION OF ENERGY LOSSES ON HEATING OIL CIRCUIT BREAKERS 35–110 KV IN JSC «CHERNIGIVOBLENREGO»
Authors: Kolenchenko Yevhen , Bezruchko Viacheslav , Buinyi Roman , Dihtyaruk Igor
Published: July 2021

The analysis of the state of 35–110 kV circuit breakers in the Chernihiv region, which are on the balance sheet of the operator of the distribution system JSC «Chernigivoblenergo», has been carried out. It was shown that the number of circuit breakers that satisfy regulatory documents is only 18.9 % in 35 kV and 2 % in 110 kV power networks. Unfortunately, most of the 35–110 kV circuit breakers in the Chernihiv region are low-oil and bulk-oil type, which required heating during cold meteorological conditions. The article assess the duration of the circuit breakers heating and their drives, depending on the selected set point of the temperature and the averaging interval of the ambient temperature, and the value of technological energy losses. The article considers following ways to reduce technological costs for heating: optimization of the heating control system, replacement of oil circuit breakers with modern vacuum and SF6 circuit breakers, which require lower costs on heating, and applied both above ways. The effectiveness of the above ways was done with apply Net Present Value, which includes not only investments and Net Profit Margin, but also operating costs and Discount Rates. It has been shown that all of the above ways are effective. In particular, the least costly is the modernization of the heating control system, which has payback period is low three years. The payback period for second way to replace all 35–110 kV oil circuit breakers with modern ones at JSC «Chernigivoblenrego» is about 6.5 years, but this way requires large investments. However, this way cannot be done in one year. Therefore effectiveness will be less due to energy losses to operated oil circuit breakers.
Assistancing and Recogning to the Students on English for Business in Bireuen, Aceh District
Authors: Misnawati Zuraini
Published: July 2021

Bireuen is one of the  district which make a village for Acheness cakes home industry production. A various cakes in Acheness have a quality.  English for business is one the English subject must be taken by the students. English for Business is the activities of making, buying and buying selling in good service and then exchanging them for the money, the activities can be completed at home. Some problems were faced by the people; such as is not good in packaging, is not interesting cointainer, and do not how to promote their product by using social media to increase their income and also improve their quality of the products in Bireuen district, Acheh province. The method of this study is help the people by giving the suggestion and providing packing product in interesting cointainer. Giving the deeply understanding to the students and also the people in developing the mindset of enterpreneurship, the facillitate in equipment, marketing strategy, and marketing management. The results of this program are improve the students in comprehending the English for business, a good packaging and interesting cointaners, increasing the income for the people through promote in media social.
Improving The Competency of Elementary's Teachers at Cileungsi in Preparing Merdeka Belajar Lesson Plan (RPP) Based on Characters and 21st Century Skills
Authors: Lia Marliana N. , Suntari Yustia , Utami Sintowati Rini , Oktaviani Reni
Published: July 2021

This Community Service Activity (P2M) departs from the problems of teachers' ignorance of the concept of the Merdekan Belajar’s Curriculum and its implementation. This P2M activity aims to improve the competence of elementary school teachers in Cinyosog Village, Cileungsi in compiling a Learning Implementation Plan (RPP) for Merdeka Belajar based on characters and 21st century skills. This competency enhancement was carried out through socialization activities regarding RPP Merdeka Belajar based on characters and 21st century skills, then Training on Preparation for the Merdeka Belajar’s RPP based on the Character and Skill of 21st Century for Teachers of SDN 01 Cinyosog by offline and online. This P2M activity was attended by 14 teachers at SDN Cinyosog 01 Cileungsi. This training provided the concept of Merdeka Belajar based on characters and 21st century skills, then compiled RPP. This RPP is linked to the 2013 SD Curriculum that was applicable during the Covid-19 pandemic, namely the Merdeka Belajar’s RPP with simplification of KI-KD in the curriculum structure, as well as simplifying the components in the RPP. The lesson plan includes three components, namely learning objectives, learning steps, and evaluation of the learning presented based on the characters and skills of the 21st century. The product of this training activity is a collection of lesson plans compiled by the teachers of SDN Cinyosog 01 Cileungsi and videos of the training activities for the Merdeka Belajar’s RPP based on the Characters and Skills of the 21st Century which was uploaded on the Youtube channel of the PBSI FBS UNJ Study Program.
Empowerment of Housewives in Utilizing Household Waste through Decoupage Handicrafts in Mokoau Village, Kendari City, Southeast Sulawesi
Authors: Yusuf Satira , Irawati Nur , Dharmawati Tuti
Published: July 2021

The problem faced by housewives  in Mokoau Subdistrict of  Kambu Kota Kendari is the lack of  creativity and productivity, whare the absence of  activities oriented  towoards economic independence limited capital to start a business and a lack of skills both and hard skills in the world of entrepreneurship. This resulted in housewives beings perceived as being less able to help the family economy. The solution offered is through entrepreneurial activities in the form of utilization of household waste in the form of used can and glass bottles combined with tissue decoupage handicrafts. Throught this activity is to increase the incamo of  housewives, especially in terms of utilization of  household waste, so that it general the economic empowerment of the community can also increase.
Application of the Petis Mixer Machine Equipped with Temperature Control to Increase the Effectiveness of the Production Process of the Petis Sidoarjo UKM
Authors: Purbodjati  , Sulistiyo Edy
Published: July 2021

The problem faced by UKM Petis Sidoarjo is that the production process of petis kupang still uses human labor which is done conventionally. This causes the cooking time as well as the stirring required in one production process to be relatively long (5 hours). In the process of stirring the petis still using a wooden stick that is constantly stirred by hand, this requires extra effort so that employees are often tired, and the stove temperature is unstable, causing partners to frequently check so that the petis is not overcooked (burnt). To solve this problem, this community service program will apply a petis mixer machine. The implementation method in this activity is designing, manufacturing, assembly, machine testing, machine handover, machine operation and maintenance training, and periodic monitoring as well as financial management training and regular monitoring. The results of this activity included: accelerating the cooking process as well as stirring from 5 hours to 3 hours; employees are not exhausted during the stirring process because it is carried out by means of an electric motor; and the temperature of the stove can be controlled and adjusted as needed so that the petis is avoided from culverts and saves LPG consumption.
Analisis Potensi Hasil Penelitian Etnobotani Tradisi Kuthomoro di Makam Giriloyo Imogiri Bantul Yogyakarta sebagai Sumber Belajar Biologi SMA Materi Tumbuhan
Authors: Dwi Handayani Nida , Kusumo Eko Prasetyo Moro Hendro
Published: July 2021

Belum ada penelitian pendidikan yang mengangkat etnobotani sebagai sumber belajar siswa SMA kelas X materi tumbuhan di SMA Negeri 1 Imogiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis tumbuhan dan makna simbolik yang digunakan dalam Tradisi Kuthomoro di Makam Giriloyo, serta mengetahui potensi sumber belajar materi Tumbuhan SMA kelas X pada tradisi tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini yaitu Abdi Dalem Juru Kunci. Objek dalam penelitian ini ialah tumbuhan yang digunakan dalam kegiatan Tradisi Kuthomoro di Makam Giriloyo. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah pedoman wawancara, lembar observasi, dan daftar dokumen. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan terdapat 44 jenis tumbuhan yang digunakan pada uborampe bunga dan sajian dalam tradisi. Makna simbolik dari tumbuhan yang digunakan pada tradisi tersebut ialah sebuah doa dan harapan baik semoga kesalahan para leluhur dimaafkan dan diberi tempat yang lebih baik oleh Allah SWT. Berdasarkan analisis potensi sumber belajar, hasil penelitian ini berpotensi sebagai sumber belajar biologi SMA kelas X materi tumbuhan pada divisi Spermatophyta.
Processos de trabalho da assistência estudantil no ensino superior: uma percepção dos assistentes sociais da Universidade de Brasília (UnB)
Authors: Costa de Sant’anna Marcia , Almeida Alexandre Nascimento de
Published: July 2021

Na última década ocorreu uma expansão e democratização das vagas no ensino superior público do Brasil. Essa expansão ampliou os estudantes em vulnerabilidade socioeconômica, demandando uma ampliação nos programas de assistência estudantil. Entretanto, o crescimento da assistência estudantil nas universidades não tem sido compatível com a sua demanda, gerando problemas de gestão e falta de recursos e infraestrutura. O objetivo da pesquisa é analisar os processos de trabalho dos assistentes sociais na assistência estudantil. Os dados foram obtidos por meio da aplicação de questionário semiaberto para a equipe de assistentes sociais em um estudo de caso para a Universidade de Brasília - UnB. O instrumental analítico foi a análise de cluster. Os resultados desta pesquisa indicaram que existem poucos fatores positivos nos processos de trabalho na assistência estudantil da UnB, sugerindo a necessidade de intervenções em diferentes aspectos, afim de acompanhar as transformações ocorridas nas universidades públicas brasileiras.
BIG DATA AS AN ECONOMIC PHENOMENON: THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL SUMMARY
Authors: Stashevskaya M.
Published: July 2021

The article contains a study of existing views on the economic content of big data. From among the views, within which the authors define big data, the descriptive-model, utility-digital and complex-technological approaches are formulated. Against the back- ground of the large-scale spread of digital technologies (machine learning, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, augmented and virtual reality, etc.), functioning thanks to big data, the study of their economic essence is becoming especially relevant. As a result, it was found that the basis of economic activity in the digital economy is big data. The definition of big data as a resource of the digital economy is proposed.
FROM PERFORMANCE INDICATORS TO ECONOMIC SECURITY
Authors: Khaikin M. , Plotkin B.
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the research of the economic security problems within the context of life safety conception. Economic sense of concepts of laminarity and turbulence is researched. The article also shows that economical security is a significant part of life safety, as economy defines human’s life activity.
TECHNOLOGY AS ENERGY AND POLITICAN AND ECONOMIC PHENOMENON
Authors: Baynev V. , Runkov Yu.
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the research of the technical factor of production and the identification of its role in the implementation of industrialization. The evolution of technical devices was analyzed from the natural-science and political-economic positions, the fundamental purpose of technology is revealed, its detailed classification is proposed. It is shown that industrial policy orienting the national economy towards accelerated industrialization should be officially designated as the main strategic priority of Belarus.
THE AGGLOMERATION AND NETWORKING APPROACHES TO THE INTERPRETATION OF THE ECONOMIC CLUSTER CONCEPT
Authors: Bakhmatova E.
Published: July 2021

The agglomeration and networking approaches to the interpretation of the concept of the economic cluster are examined in the article. The advantages of the networking concept of cluster stratification of the economy are shown in the context of facilitating the natural process of establishing sustainable competitive innovation clusters and the formation of an active innovative knowledge-intensive environment. Regarding the definition of the cluster, it is suggested adhering to an expanded networking concept, which is based on the idea of stimulating the development of sustainable structured business networks in the economy.
THE ROLE OF SOCIAL AND HUMAN CAPITAL IN THE FORMATION AND FUNCTIONING OF THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC SYSTEM OF THE STATE
Authors: Bogatyreva V.
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the content of the categories "social capital" and "human capital" and their interrelationship. The results of the study show that the formation and effective functioning of the socio-economic system of the state is largely facilitated by the accumulation and capitalization of social and human potentials in the belarusian society.
DEVELOPMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL MARKETING IN THE CONTEXT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS
Authors: Bunko S.
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of the inclusion of the Republic of Belarus in the processes of achieving the goals of sustainable development adopted by the world community. Environmental marketing is seen as a tool to achieve sustainable development goals in the area of responsible consumption. The essence of environmental marketing at the level of organizations and at the state level is determined. Directions for the development of environmental marketing in the Republic of Belarus have been identified in order to reduce the volume of non-decomposable waste and waste that cannot be recycled, including due to improper collection.
RISKS OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors: Lopatova N.
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the risks caused by the digital transformation of the economy. The content of the most significant risks associated with the internal and external environment is disclosed. It is revealed that the range of risks associated with the digital transformation of the organization is not yet clearly defined. The necessity of systematic consideration and identification of digital risks arising in the context of digital transformation of the company is substantiated. In the article, the author proposes the structure and content of internal risks associated with the timeliness and feasibility of investments, organizational transformation and digital skills, integration and implementation of digital technologies, and others.
SUBJECT OF ECONOMIC THEORY AND DIGITALIZATION OF ECONOMY
Authors: Kuregyan S.
Published: July 2021

The article considers topical issues of economic theory subject. It shows that economic theory subject changes along with changes in the system of social relations and productive forces. Currently economic theory subject also includes the study of digital (electronic) economy with its inherent features.
INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX AS A DRIVER OF TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY
Authors: Baynev V. , Zhang Bin
Published: July 2021

In the conditions of the formation of a technotronic economy, the competitiveness of economic systems is determined by the level of their technological development, which, in turn, depends on the state of the national industrial complex. In the article, based on the use of the European classifier of economic activities, a methodology for assessing the level of technological effectiveness of economic systems is developed and tested on the data of Belarus and China. It is shown that the Belarusian economy is in a state that can be characterized as "technological stagnation", at a time when China is demonstrating dynamic technical and technological progress. It is concluded that it is necessary to give the status of the main strategic priority to a purposeful increase in the technological level of the Belarusian economy.
EVOLUTION OF LABOR RELATIONS IN THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITALIZATION AND ROBOTIZATION OF THE ECONOMY
Authors: Bogatyreva V. , Bobrik M. , Serhiyevich T.
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the evolution of labor relations in the Republic of Belarus. It was revealed that the dynamics of labor relations in the Republic of Belarus corresponds to global trends, ensuring the transition of our country to a new quality of economic growth. It is concluded that the positive effects for the national economy will be the higher, the more it is possible to introduce digital technologies and robotic systems in the real sector of the economy, as well as in the presence of an effective state system for reducing the level of structural unemployment generated by the further development of the digital economy.
Convolutional neural networks for modeling and forecasting nonlinear nonstationary processes
Authors: Belas Andrii , Bidyuk Petro
Published: July 2021

The object of research. The object of research is modeling and forecasting nonlinear nonstationary processes presented in the form of time-series data.

Investigated problem. There are several popular approaches to solving the problems of adequate model constructing and forecasting nonlinear nonstationary processes, such as autoregressive models and recurrent neural networks. However, each of them has its advantages and drawbacks. Autoregressive models cannot deal with the nonlinear or combined influence of previous states or external factors. Recurrent neural networks are computationally expensive and cannot work with sequences of high length or frequency.

The main scientific result. The model for forecasting nonlinear nonstationary processes presented in the form of the time series data was built using convolutional neural networks. The current study shows results in which convolutional networks are superior to recurrent ones in terms of both accuracy and complexity. It was possible to build a more accurate model with a much fewer number of parameters. It indicates that one-dimensional convolutional neural networks can be a quite reasonable choice for solving time series forecasting problems.

The area of practical use of the research results. Forecasting dynamics of processes in economy, finances, ecology, healthcare, technical systems and other areas exhibiting the types of nonlinear nonstationary processes.

Innovative technological product. Methodology of using convolutional neural networks for modeling and forecasting nonlinear nonstationary processes presented in the form of time-series data.

Scope of the innovative technological product. Nonlinear nonstationary processes presented in the form of time-series data.
APPALACHIAN BLACK FIDDLING: HISTORY AND CREATIVITY
Authors: DjeDje Jacqueline Cogdell
Published: July 2021

Discussions on Appalachian music in the United States most often evoke images of instruments such as the fiddle and banjo, and a musical heritage identified primarily with Europe and European Americans, as originators or creators, when in reality, many Europeans were influenced or taught by African-American fiddlers. Not only is Appalachian fiddling a confluence of features that are both African- and European-derived, but black fiddlers have created a distinct performance style using musical aesthetics identified with African and African-American culture. In addition to a history of black fiddling and African Americans in Appalachia, this article includes a discussion of the musicking of select Appalachian black fiddlers.
LIVENESS, MULTIFOCALITY, EAVESDROPPING IN ETHNOMUSICOLOGICAL FIELDWORK RESEARCH AT GHANAIAN FESTIVALS AND ROYAL FUNERALS
Authors: Nii-Dortey Moses
Published: July 2021

Ethnomusicological research that involves live, sprawling, multifocal and integrated ceremonies often present liveness-induced challenges that may undermine the authenticity of the research outcomes. )is article describes multifocal and integrated music making performances such as festivals and royal funerals in Ghana and how the vagaries of liveness are largely responsible for nuanced peculiarities which every live musical performance assumes. )e article argues in favour of a central role for eavesdropping among informed participating audience members in data gathering efforts as an important strategy for dealing with liveness-induced contingencies in multifocal and integrated performance events.
Cost of Ante-natal Care among Health Insurance (HI) Enrollees and Out-of-Pocket (OOP) Payers accessing Maternal Healthcare Services in a Tertiary Health Institution in Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Sanni Taofeek Adedayo
Published: July 2021

Maternal Mortality Remains A Leading Cause Of Death Among Women Of Reproductive Age Group. This Study Determined The Cost Of Antenatal Care Among Health Insurance (HI) Enrollees And Out-Of-Pocket (OOP) Payers Accessing Maternal Healthcare Services In A Tertiary Health Institution In Southwest Nigeria. A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study Was Carried Out Among 380 Women (190 HI Enrollees And 190 OOP Payers) Attending Antenatal Care Services In A Tertiary Health Institution In Southwest Nigeria Using A Systematic Random Sampling Technique. Data Was Gathered Using An Interviewer-Administered Semi-Structured Questionnaire And Analyzed Using IBM SPSS Version 23. Chi-Square And Binary Logistic Regression Were Used To Assess The Association Between Dependent And Independent Variables And A P-Value Of <0.05 Was Taken As Significant. The Overall Mean Age Of Respondents In This Study Was 33.8 ± 5.0 Years (HI Group: 34.1 ± 4.9 Years And OOP Group: 33.6 ± 5.0 Years). The Mean Total Cost Of Antenatal Care (ANC) Is Lesser For HI Enrollees (₦5,095.2 ± 1,753.1 Equivalent To $13.3 ± 4.6) As Compared With OOP Payers (₦15,050.6 ± 5,548.9 Equivalent To $39.6 ± 14.6). Predictors And Enablers For HI Uptake Are Marital Status, Family Size, Level Of Education, Occupation, Appropriate And Quality HI Package, And Trust In The HI Scheme. It Was Concluded That The Total Cost Of Antenatal Care Is Lower Among The Health Insurance Enrollees Than The Out-Of-Pocket Payers. Therefore, Interventions To Increase Awareness And Designing More Enticing HI Packages Are Recommended.
Malaria Outbreak Investigation in Siansundu, Binga District, Matabeleland North Province, Zimbabwe, 2013
Authors: Ncube Cynthia
Published: July 2021

Malaria Is Of Public Health Importance In Zimbabwe. A Sharp Rise In The Number Of Malaria Cases In Binga District Was Noted During Week Five In 2013. On Further Analysis, The Siansundu Clinic Was Found To Be In An Outbreak Situation. The Study Was Conducted To Determine Factors Associated With Contracting Malaria In Binga District, Matabeleland North, Zimbabwe. An Unmatched 1: 1 Case-Control Study Was Conducted In Siansundu, Binga, Among 124 Residents. A Case Was A Person Who Presented With Malaria Symptoms, A Control Was A Person Who Was A Neighbour Of A Case And Did Not Suffer From Typical Malaria Symptoms Or Had A Negative RDT Result From The 1st Of January 2013. A Pre-Tested Interviewer-Administered Questionnaire And A Checklist Were Used To Collect Data. Data Were Analyzed Using Epi Info, Where Odds Ratios And P Values Were Calculated. Risk Factors For Contracting Malaria Were: Fetching Water At Night (OR 2.55, P-Value 0.04); Having Inadequate Mosquito Nets Per Sleeping Space (OR 3.596, P-Value 0.036); Worshipping And Praying Outside At Night (OR 3.417, P-Value 0.0006). Wearing Long Clothing At Night Was A Protective Factor Against Contracting Malaria (OR 0.156, P-Value 0.001). The Case Fatality Rate Was 0.43%. The District Was Not Prepared For The Outbreak And Responded Late. Educational Strategies To Address The Risk Factors For Malaria And Regular Meetings By The Emergency Preparedness And Response Team Were Recommended To Prevent Future Outbreaks And Aid Outbreak Preparedness.
Patterns of African Healthcare Funding: Investment Implications for Public-Private Partnerships
Authors: Utan Oluwakemi Edet
Published: July 2021

The Coronavirus Global Pandemic Now Poses Additional Peril To The Already Burdened Healthcare Systems With Inadequate Funding In Africa. This Paper Attempts To Present The Funding Patterns For Healthcare In Nigeria, Congo, Tanzania, Egypt, And South Africa. It Also Explored Investor Opportunities For Lowering OOPs And Increasing Investor Profits. Data Were Drawn From The WHO, The World Bank, And World Charts Databases. Government Health Expenditure Was Far Below What Individuals And Families Pay From Out-Of-Pocket Payments (OOPs) For Healthcare Services Except In South Africa, Where OOP Accounts For Only 8%. Contrary To Popular Notion, Donation Funds Or Foreign Aid For Healthcare Accounts For A Lower Percentage Of Total Healthcare Expenditure In The Countries Under Consideration. Households Mostly Bore The Healthcare Expenditure Burden (Nigeria’s OOPs Of 77%, Congo- 48%, And Egypt- 60%). Averagely, Nigeria And Congo Only Spent About 3% Of Their National Budget On Healthcare. In Comparison, Tanzania And Egypt Spent An Average Of 4% And 5% (South Africa-8%) Between 2010 And 2017, Reflecting Low-Risk Protection For Households. Specific Aspects For Investments Through Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) Reviewed In This Paper Should Include Designing Innovative Financing Models Focusing On Risk Pooling Mechanisms To Help Bridge The Funding Gap, Local Production, And Manufacture Of Pharmaceuticals And Healthcare Equipment At This Time, Instead Of Importation. Investors Can, Therefore, Take Advantage Of The Various Initiatives Outlined In This Paper To Achieve Better Health Outcomes In Africa.
Barriers To Optimal Index Testing for Improved HIV Positivity Yield in Lusaka Urban District of Zambia - A Research Protocol
Authors: Katamba Cibangu
Published: July 2021

As The Proportions Of People Living With HIV Who Do Not Know Their HIV Infection Status Decrease, Reaching The Last Mile Of Those Who Are Asymptomatic And Not In Contact With The Health Care System Becomes A Critical Challenge. This Project Will Use An Explanatory Sequential Mixed-Methods Study Design. It Will Be Conducted In Three High-Volume Health Facilities In Matero Sub-District 3 Of Lusaka District In Zambia Over A Period Of One Year. The Specific Objectives Are: To Understand The Perceived Facilitators And Barriers To HIV Partner Testing From The Perspective Of The Health-Care Provider; To Propose Interventions Necessary For Improved HIV Case Finding; And To Reach High Risk But Hard To Reach Populations In HIV Programs Such As Middle-Aged Men And Adolescent Girls And Young Women (AGYW). The Permission To Conduct This Study Will Be Obtained From The Lusaka Provincial Health Office Before Its Commencement. Ethical Clearance Will Be Sought And Obtained From The ERES Converge Research Ethical Committee. The Authority To Conduct Research Will Be Sought From The National Health Research Authority. The Expected Main Findings Following The Address Of The Identified Challenges Are: Increased Number Of Recipients Of Care Indexed, Increased Index Contact Elicitation Ration From 1:1 To At Least 1:2, Improved Rate Of Contacts Tested On Time, Improved HIV Case Finding Through Index Testing, And Overall, Increased HIV Index Testing Positivity Rate From Below 25% (Baseline) To Above 40% (At The End Of The Project).
Cost of Deliveries among Health Insurance (HI) Enrollees and Out-of-Pocket (OOP) Payers Accessing Maternal Healthcare Services in a Tertiary Health Institution in Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Sanni Taofeek Adedayo
Published: July 2021

Maternal Mortality Is Currently High And Remains One Of The Most Important Public Health Problems In Developing Countries. This Study Determined The Cost Of Vaginal And Caesarean Section Deliveries Among Health Insurance (HI) Enrollees And Out-Of-Pocket (OOP) Payers. A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study Was Carried Out Among 380 Women {(133 Vaginal And 57 Caesarean Section Deliveries Among Each Of HI Enrollees And OOP Payers)} Who Accessed Delivery Services In A Tertiary Health Institution In Southwest Nigeria Using A Systematic Random Sampling Technique. Data Was Gathered Using An Interviewer-Administered Semi-Structured Questionnaire And Analyzed Using IBM SPSS Version 23. P-Value <0.05 Was Taken As Significant. The Overall Mean Age Of Respondents In This Study Was 36.5 ± 4.7years Among The Vaginal Delivery Respondents And 35.8 ± 3.6 Years Among Caesarean Section Delivery Respondents. The Mean Total Cost Of Vaginal Delivery For HI Enrollees {₦14,238.5 ± 4,809.0 ($34.5 ± 12.7)} Is Lesser Than For OOP Payers {₦37,928.5 ± 19,813.0 ($99.8 ± 52.1)}. Furthermore, The Mean Total Cost Of Caesarean Section Delivery For HI Enrollees {₦14,238.5 ± 4,809.0 ($34.5 ± 12.7)} Is Lesser Than For OOP Payers (₦37,928.5 ± 19,813.0 ($99.8 ± 52.1}. 94.1% Of The Non-Insurance Enrollees Were Willing To Join Health Insurance Scheme. It Was Concluded That The Total Cost Of Vaginal And Caesarean Section Deliveries Is Lower Among The Health Insurance Enrollees Than The Out-Of-Pocket Payers. Therefore, Intervention To Increase Awareness On Health Insurance Is Recommended.
Prevalence of Gender-Based Violence and pregnancy outcome in Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic in Selected Primary Health Care Centres in Abuja FCT, Nigeria
Authors: Ayeni Christabel Oyowo
Published: July 2021

Objective: The Aim Of The Study Was To Determine The Prevalence Of Gender-Based Violence And Pregnancy Outcomes In Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care Clinics In Two Selected Primary Health Care Centres At Abuja FCT, Nigeria. Methodology: The Descriptive And Analytical Cross-Sectional Research Design And A Convenience Sampling Method Were Used. A Pretested Semi-Structured Questionnaire With A Cronbach’s Alpha Value Of 0.77 Was Administered With The Interviewer-Administered Data Collection Technique To Collect Data. The Study Population Were Pregnant Women Who Attended Antenatal Clinic At The Primary Health Care Centres At Karu And Jikwoyi In Abuja-FCT; The Sample Size Was 384 Pregnant Women Between The Ages Of 15-44 Years. Raw Data Generated From The Completed Questionnaire Was Analysed For Simple Frequency, Percentage, And Chi-Square Analysis Using The SPSS Version 16. Results: Prevalence Of GBV Among The Participants Was 59.6%, 99.4% Accounted For Emotional Abuse, Physical Abuse At 28.5%, And Sexual Abuse At 13.6%. The Findings Indicate That GBV Single Cases Of Emotional Abuse Was 66.7%, Physical Abuse Was 0.4%, Combined Cases Of Emotional And Physical Violence Were 19.3%, Emotional Combined With Sexual Was 4.8%, While The Case Of Multiple Violence Of Emotional, Physical And Sexual Was 8.8%. Overall, Husbands Were The Perpetrators Of The Abuse And Accounted For Emotional Abuse At 96.9%, Physical At 89.2%, And Sexual Abuse At 100.0%. Conclusion: The Effect Of Physical Abuse On Pregnant Outcome Among Pregnant Women In Their Previous Pregnancies Was That 27.6% Had A Miscarriage, While 6.9% Had Preterm Delivery.
Spatializing the Musicking Of an Expressive Urban Imagination: A Trans-Cultural Evaluation of the Early-Modern Rock Music of Bengal
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of English, Banaras Hindu University, Chattopadhyay Shankhadeep
Published: July 2021

The technological reproduction of the imaginary has always reflected a polarization in urban consciousness, considering the city as the urban ‘body’—which retains a space for contemporary imaginations. Rock music of the American 60s radiates exactly such urban consciousness by constantly experimenting with lyrics, sounds, images and celebrations, which continually harmonize with the changing industrial and technocratic city structures. This paper explores a progressive cultural synthesis between the American and the early-modern rock music of Bengal. The city of Kolkata in West Bengal has always been repleted with a vibrant ‘representational space’ with a high rate of western-music consumption since the late 1970s, thus reflecting western urban ethos into the Indian urban imagination through modern Bengali rock music. Lefebvre (1974) suggests that the potential for genuine social change is possible only through the city as practised rather than the city as planned; on this note, this paper analyzes how the Indian urban imagination negotiated with the everyday urban experience of distant musical and cultural behaviours through ‘musicking’ by producing a musically reflective space where thought, feelings and different moods are crafted and performed. Further, how, in the age of technical reproduction, rock music produces a ‘counter-space’ by projecting urban ethos, which acts as an exegetic tool for the symptomatic reading of any expressive culture, and makes the city claim its spatial identity.
Bottom-up capping (BUC) policy under bargaining techniques for inter-sectoral groundwater trading: a case study from Iran
Authors: Zolfagharipoor Mohammad Amin , Ahmadi Azadeh , Nikouei Alireza
Published: July 2021

Cap-and-trade (C&T) policy has led to environmental benefits in some groundwater markets by restricting and economically reallocating water permits. However, top-down approaches for capping permits may face resistance from every affected stakeholder. This paper presents an efficient policy framework to improve the implementation of C&T policies in a real shared aquifer in Iran. To this end, groundwater permits for water-selling farms are capped through a bottom-up capping (BUC) policy. A policy analysis that employs static and dynamic bargaining techniques incorporates farms' utilities. Results reveal that the bargaining techniques propose more acceptable capping strategies than the top-down approach. The BUC policy analysis introduces the proposed strategy by dynamic bargaining as the tradable groundwater permits. The effects of irrigation water sales to the industry sector, evaluated using a cooperative game-based optimization model, show that with the fair reallocation of water trading benefits, the current net benefits of agriculture and industry sectors increase by 55 and 27%, respectively. Furthermore, farms reduce their groundwater withdrawals by 35% compared with the current mode. Therefore, the BUC policy for inter-sectoral groundwater trading under dynamic bargaining can lead to the sustainable use of limited groundwater resources by facilitating the capping strategies and improving the water permits productivity.
Adherence, Tolerability and Effective Doses of Aripiprazole Once-monthly in the Long-term Treatment of Patients with Severe Schizophrenia
Authors: Fernández-Miranda Juan J. , Díaz-Fernández Silvia , López-Muñoz Francisco
Published: July 2021

Background:

The evaluation of long-term effectiveness and tolerability of aripiprazole once-monthly
(AOM) is yet scarce, and severely ill patients have not been specifically studied.

Objective:

The aim of the study was to explore the long-term adherence, effectiveness and tolerability of AOM
in the treatment of patients with severe (Clinical Global Impression-Severity, CGI-S ≥ 5) schizophrenia, and
whether high-dose therapy may benefit patients inadequately controlled on standard doses.

Methods:

Six-year mirror-image study, with a 36-month prospective follow-up, was conducted on patients with
severe schizophrenia who underwent treatment with AOM (n = 60). The assessment included the CGI-S, the
WHO Disability Assessment Schedule (WHO- DAS), the Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS), the laboratory
tests, the assessment of weight and adverse effects reported. Reasons for treatment discontinuation, hospital
admissions and psychiatric medications in the previous three years and during the follow-up were recorded.

Results:

The average dose was found to be 780 (120) mg/28 days. Tolerability was good, with fewer side effects
or biological parameters alterations reported. There were three discharges due to adverse effects, two due
to lack of effectiveness and one treatment abandoning. Weight and prolactin levels were decreased. CGI-S and
WHO-DAS were decreased (p<0.001), and MARS increased (p<0.001). There were less treatment abandoning,
hospital admissions (p<0.0001) and concomitant medication (p<0.01) observed than during the previous
36 months.

Conclusion:

Treatment adherence and tolerability of AOM were found to be remarkable, even in those patients
on high doses. AOM showed effectiveness in patients with severe schizophrenia, who recorded less hospitalizations
and clinical severity and disability, although a considerable percentage of them required higher doses than
labeled.
Isotopen in de archeologie – verleden, heden en toekomst
Authors: Dee Michael , Van der Plicht Hans
Published: July 2021

Isotopes in archaeology – past, present and future. The archaeological institute of the University of Groningen is celebrating its 100th birthday. For 70 of these years, it has co-existed with the radiocarbon laboratory of the same university. We give a short introduction of their common history and what they have achieved together. We illustrate this with some highlights from our research. For the future, we discuss possibilities of new collaborative research, enabled by a new, state-of-the-art AMS (Accelerator Mass Spectrometry) machine.
Honderd jaar archeozoölogie in Groningen
Authors: Çakırlar Canan , Van den Hurk Youri , Brusgaard Nathalie Ø. , Erven Jolijn , Slim Francesca G. , Filioglou Dimitris , Kamjan Safoora , De Kock Willemien , Winter Rachel M.
Published: July 2021

One hundred years of zooarchaeology in Groningen. In 1920, Albert Egges van Giffen founded the Biologisch-Archaeologisch Instituut. Even back in 1920, zooarchaeology was a main component of the institute’s research focus and van Giffen started a zooarchaeological reference collection. The zooarchaeology collection gradually expanded, and zooarchaeological research continued to be undertaken under the direction of, first, Prof. Dr. Anneke Clason, then Dr. Wietske Prummel, and now Dr. Canan Çakırlar. In recent years, the field of zooarchaeology has seen a rise in the application of biomolecular approaches. This has happened at the GIA as well. In this paper, we highlight some of the zooarchaeological work and exciting new projects currently being undertaken at the GIA, as well as the implications zooarchaeological research can have for our understanding of the past and our perspective on the environment.
Je kunt alleen vooruit roeien door achteruit te kijken. Pleidooi voor meer politiek in de archeologie en meer archeologie in de politiek
Authors: Beckerman Sandra
Published: July 2021

You can only row forward by looking back. Our past is a complex story. It comprises the best and the worst, atrocities and liberations, grief and jubilation. Archaeology is indispensable for making reconstructions of that past, and knowing the past is vital for understanding the present and the future. “You row forward by looking back, and telling this history is part of helping people navigate toward the future,” Rebecca Solnit (2016) argues. Therefore, archaeology should play an important role in society. Although the role archaeology plays and can play is shaped by political decisions, archaeologists in the Netherlands are reluctant to engage in political decision making. The future of the past is too important to leave solely in the hands of politicians. Archaeology should play a more important role in society; therefore, archaeologists should speak up in the social and political debate.
Inclusieve archeologie: modewoord of streekproduct?
Authors: Zagkotsis Alexander
Published: July 2021

Inclusive archaeology: Buzzword or regional product? In this article, I explore the meaning of the buzzword ‘inclusivity’ in the context of archaeology and argue for a more inclusive relationship between archaeology and the public. By reflecting on the demographics of the ‘archaeological’ public and the position of archaeology in society, I will further emphasize the necessity and value of a more inclusive and democratic approach to archaeology. Following this, I will reflect on some of the experiences and lessons learned in regard to inclusive archaeology in the province of Groningen. Drawing from case studies, I illustrate a regional tradition of ‘inclusive archaeology’ – the ‘Groningen model’ – that is characterized by its emphasis on participatory archaeology. Inclusive archaeology is thus, in the Groningen context, not a mere ‘buzzword’ but, in fact, a true ‘regional product.’
Papilionoidea (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) de la Sierra Nevada, México
Authors: Luna-Reyes Mercedes , Llorente-Bousquets Jorge
Published: July 2021

Se realizó un estudio sobre la distribución local, altitudinal y por comunidad vegetacional de las mariposas de la superfamilia Papilionoidea en 37 localidades de las cuatro entidades que comprende la Sierra Nevada. El área se encuentra entre los 1900 y los 3800 msnm y presenta las siguientes comunidades vegetacionales: bosque mesófilo de montaña, de oyamel, Alnus, encino, encino-pino, pino, pino-encino, bosque caducifolio, selva bajacaducifolia-bosque mesófilo de montaña, vegetación perturbada y cultivos. En este trabajo se registraron 75 especies, de las cuales 34 son nuevos registros para el área. Se integró una relación actualizada de 85 especies con base en la literatura y en los registros obtenidos en el trabajo de campo. El mayor número de especies correspondió a la familia Nymphalidae. En el análisis espacial de los papilionoideos se encontró que la mayor riqueza y abundancia ocurrió en la localidad de Santa Catarina, en el Estado de México. Se observó que aunque la riqueza específica entre la vertiente occidental y la oriental fue la misma (58 especies), su composición faunística es distinta. Con respecto a la distribución por vegetación, se encontró que en la vertiente oriental lasespecies de Papilionoidea mostraron los valores más altos y que el bosque mesófilo de montaña y el de encino fueron las comunidades más ricas y abundantes de las 11 reconocidas en el estudio.
Predicting Norovirus in the United States Using Google Trends: Infodemiology Study
Authors: Yuan Kai , Huang Guangrui , Wang Lepeng , Wang Ting , Liu Wenbin , Jiang Haixu , Yang Albert C
Published: July 2021

Background

Norovirus is a contagious disease. The transmission of norovirus spreads quickly and easily in various ways. Because effective methods to prevent or treat norovirus have not been discovered, it is important to rapidly recognize and report norovirus outbreaks in the early phase. Internet search has been a useful method for people to access information immediately. With the precise record of internet search trends, internet search has been a useful tool to manifest infectious disease outbreaks.

Objective

In this study, we tried to discover the correlation between internet search terms and norovirus infection.

Methods

The internet search trend data of norovirus were obtained from Google Trends. We used cross-correlation analysis to discover the temporal correlation between norovirus and other terms. We also used multiple linear regression with the stepwise method to recognize the most important predictors of internet search trends and norovirus. In addition, we evaluated the temporal correlation between actual norovirus cases and internet search terms in New York, California, and the United States as a whole.

Results

Some Google search terms such as gastroenteritis, watery diarrhea, and stomach bug coincided with norovirus Google Trends. Some Google search terms such as contagious, travel, and party presented earlier than norovirus Google Trends. Some Google search terms such as dehydration, bar, and coronavirus presented several months later than norovirus Google Trends. We found that fever, gastroenteritis, poison, cruise, wedding, and watery diarrhea were important factors correlated with norovirus Google Trends. In actual norovirus cases from New York, California, and the United States as a whole, some Google search terms presented with, earlier, or later than actual norovirus cases.

Conclusions

Our study provides novel strategy-based internet search evidence regarding the epidemiology of norovirus.
Variation of Daily Care Demand in Swiss General Hospitals: Longitudinal Study on Capacity Utilization, Patient Turnover and Clinical Complexity Levels
Authors: Sharma Narayan , Schwendimann René , Endrich Olga , Ausserhofer Dietmar , Simon Michael
Published: July 2021

Background

Variations in hospitals’ care demand relies not only on the patient volume but also on the disease severity. Understanding both daily severity and patient volume in hospitals could help to identify hospital pressure zones to improve hospital-capacity planning and policy-making.

Objective

This longitudinal study explored daily care demand dynamics in Swiss general hospitals for 3 measures: (1) capacity utilization, (2) patient turnover, and (3) patient clinical complexity level.

Methods

A retrospective population-based analysis was conducted with 1 year of routine data of 1.2 million inpatients from 102 Swiss general hospitals. Capacity utilization was measured as a percentage of the daily maximum number of inpatients. Patient turnover was measured as a percentage of the daily sum of admissions and discharges per hospital. Patient clinical complexity level was measured as the average daily patient disease severity per hospital from the clinical complexity algorithm.

Results

There was a pronounced variability of care demand in Swiss general hospitals. Among hospitals, the average daily capacity utilization ranged from 57.8% (95% CI 57.3-58.4) to 87.7% (95% CI 87.3-88.0), patient turnover ranged from 22.5% (95% CI 22.1-22.8) to 34.5% (95% CI 34.3-34.7), and the mean patient clinical complexity level ranged from 1.26 (95% CI 1.25-1.27) to 2.06 (95% CI 2.05-2.07). Moreover, both within and between hospitals, all 3 measures varied distinctly between days of the year, between days of the week, between weekdays and weekends, and between seasons.

Conclusions

While admissions and discharges drive capacity utilization and patient turnover variation, disease severity of each patient drives patient clinical complexity level. Monitoring—and, if possible, anticipating—daily care demand fluctuations is key to managing hospital pressure zones. This study provides a pathway for identifying patients’ daily exposure to strained hospital systems for a time-varying causal model.