bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
State and Prospects of 6th Technological Mode in Russian Economy
Authors: Glazyev S. Yu. , Kosakyan D. L.
Published: July 2024

Continuous acceleration and complication of scientific and technological development requires continuous improvement of forecasting and planning methodologies. The purpose of this article is to describe patterns of technological modes (TM) substitution and the basics of centralized and decentralized management of these processes. The article describes the structure of the 6th technological mode, justifies the selection of product positions that give an idea of its global development and the Russian development lag. Difficulties arising from the study of scientific and technological development are identified. The basics of technological statistical data collection and methodologies for plotting diffusion curves and measuring Russian development lag from leading countries in the world are presented. A study of the presence of 6th mode companies and research and development teams has shown that all technologies of the 6th mode are represented in Russia. In accordance with the Strategy for Scientific and Technological Development of Russia, some recommendations for accelerating scientific and technological growth in Russia are presented. Despite the existing significant lag in scientific and technological advancement in Russia, the implementation of these recommendations, as well as similar interconnected and networked initiatives, will allow Russia to gain a competitive advantage in global scientific and technological development, with medicine playing a central role in the economy based on future nature-like technologies.
Enterprise digital maturity: diagnostic and assessment techniquese
Authors: Strizhakova E. N. , Strizhakov D. V.
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this article is to analyze the existing indicators of digital maturity that are used to assess the level of digital transformation in an enterprise, a group of enterprises, or sectors of the economy. It also aims to assess the possibility of using these indicators and determine the optimal model, index, or system that can be recommended for industrial enterprises. The article presents domestic and foreign approaches to understanding the terms “digital transformation” and “digital maturity”. The author's interpretation of these concepts is presented, as well as the government initiatives that currently exist in the Russian Federation to diagnose the level of digital maturity and manage the digital transformation process. The national strategy and policy for the digital transformation of industry are described, along with the mechanism for implementing them. A number of modern approaches to assessing digital maturity have been evaluated: the consulting companies Ernst & Young and Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited, the MIT Center for Digital Business, and the World Economic Forum. This paper presents models for assessing the digital maturity of companies and industries, describing the main structural elements of these models, and characterizing the prospects for their practical application by Russian industry. Special attention is paid to the World Economic Forum's digital maturity assessment model, SIRI.
Ideology and practice of planning fundamental research in the USSR (1920-1930)
Authors: Vaganov A. G.
Published: July 2024

Analysis of government regulation of the academic sphere in the USSR is a highly relevant area of research, enabling identification of the positive and negative aspects of the Soviet scientific model. The purpose of the study is to identify the main patterns of the transition to directive planning of academic science in the RSFSR/USSR in the 1920s - 1930s. In the context of this transformation of Soviet academic science, it is important to consider not only the institutional decisions of the authorities, but also the socio-psychological, as well as ideological motives that determined this transformation, which influenced the operation of the scientific community. This task methodologically required an interdisciplinary approach to its solution. This analysis is at the intersection of several related areas of research: history of science, science studies, and history of economics. The work employed comparative-historical, historical-cultural, and statistical methods to identify significant patterns of the phenomenon being studied. Methodologically, this is close to source studies and semiotic analysis. Concepts formed and institutionalized in the paradigm of directive planning of basic science - “scientist”, “thematic plan”, “thematic development”, “research plant” - form a contextual layer. The planning of basic science was conceived by its ideologists as a product of the industrial world. But, paradoxically, the ideology and methodology of directive planning implanted in theoretical science gave the opposite results - epistemological apathy of scientists, reduction, if not extinction, of huge areas of research activities. The state's attempt to adapt basic science to address strictly applied problems of industrialization ultimately resulted in a mere semblance of “planned science”. However, the internal compensation mechanisms of self-organization of the scientific community turned out to be quite effective in a long-term perspective, even under the conditions of “directive planning”. The conducted historical analysis allows us to draw significant conclusions in the context of the formation of Russian scientific policy at the present stage.
Equity Financing Potential for Leading R&D of Small and Medium-Sized Biomedical Corporations
Authors: Sun Y.
Published: July 2024

From the perspective of small and medium-sized innovative biomedical enterprises, this study conducts a comprehensive analysis of the corporate financing capacity during the equity financing process, aiming to provide valuable insights for the successful implementation of equity financing. The study involved the distribution of a total of 400 questionnaires to Chinese venture capital institutions and SMEs of innovative drug R&D, followed by statistical analysis of the questionnaire data results. In light of the challenges faced by these enterprises during the equity financing process, such as inadequate attention to financing business plans, neglect of financing roadshows, insufficient financing expertise, reliance on single financing approaches or channels, lack of meticulous capital partner selection and enterprises raise capital prematurely, this study proposes several countermeasures. These include prioritizing the financing business plan, emphasizing the importance of the financing roadshows, adopting a diversified financing approach, and objectively determining the optimal entry point for the financing stage. Venture capital can effectively address the financing bottleneck faced by small and medium-sized innovative biomedical enterprises, thereby serving as the optimal financing channel. Not only that, but also can effectively address the bottleneck issues associated with equity financing for small and medium-sized innovative biomedical enterprises and play a pivotal role in the field of innovative drug research and development (R&D). By fostering the development of more efficient novel drugs, it can significantly contribute to the robust growth of China's biomedical industry.
Hacia una educación humanizada en enfermería
Authors: Poblete-Troncoso Margarita Del Carmen
Published: July 2024

Los currículos son una preocupación en la academia y requieren de constantes cambios e innovaciones de acuerdo a las necesidades sociales, de salud y modelos educativos.
En esta última década los currículos se han centrado en un modelo educativo basado en competencia donde el centro es el estudiante, esto ha permitido cambios pedagógicos innovadores y un mayor trabajo autónomo de parte de ellos.
Editorial: Recent trends and future expectations
Authors: Olson David L.
Published: July 2024

This issue of the journal has a number of useful articles to include reporting of research related to the use of artificial intelligence (AI), the impact of the recent supply chain disruptions, and the impact of disclosure of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) information. These (as well as the other articles in this issue) are highly pertinent to current research. This editorial will address some impacts of AI, the impact of business disruption from exogenous sources, and the impact of company requirements to disclose ESG information.
Egy felnőttképzési MOOC-programon részt vevők aktivitási adatainak elemzése
Authors: Csányi Róbert , Lőrincz Mónika Mária , Molnár Gyöngyvér
Published: July 2024

A tömeges nyílt online kurzusok (Massive Open Online Courses, MOOC) olyan távoktatási képzések, amelyek a résztvevők nagy számával és heterogenitásával, valamint a magas lemorzsolódási aránnyal tűnnek ki. Mindezek megnehezítik a résztvevők előrehaladásának nyomon követését. Jelen kutatás során egy felnőttképzési környezetben megvalósított, tömeges nyílt online kurzus résztvevőinek (N = 7760) tanulói profiljait vizsgáltuk. A tanulói profilok meghatározását a résztvevők tanulási aktivitásának alapján végeztük el, amelyhez látens profil (Latent Profile Analysis, LPA) elemzést használtunk. A résztvevők aktivitása, kurzus iránti elkötelezettsége a kurzus első felében jelentős mértékben, a második felében csak kis mértékben csökkent. A kurzus záróvizsgáján való sikerességet legnagyobb mértékben a tananyagban való előrehaladás határozta meg. A résztvevők aktivitása alapján kilenc tanulói profilt azonosítottunk, amelyek két nagyobb kategóriába sorolhatók. A tanulói profilok egy része esetén a záróvizsgán nyújtott teljesítmény arányos volt a résztvevők aktivitásával, más részüknél nem állt fenn ez az összefüggés. A tanulói profilok azonosítása megalapozhatja a személyre szabott oktatás lehetőségét.
Mesterségesintelligencia-narratívák az online médiában
Authors: Bokor Tamás , Kollányi Bence , Mogyorósi Pálma , Ságvári Bence
Published: July 2024

E kutatás híreket, illetve közösségimédia-diskurzusok szentimentjeit elemzi a mesterséges intelligenciához (MI) kapcsolódó hírek szempontjából. A gyűjtés a SentiOne platformján keresztül történt 2020.01.01. és 2023.01.01. között. A teljes adathalmaz cikkekből/posztokból, valamint kommentekből állt. A korpusz 59 681 db cikket és posztot, valamint 144 192 db kommentet tartalmaz. A negatív kifejezések említési aránya összességében alacsonyabb, mint a pozitívaké; a kommentben leképeződő visszhangok inkább semleges vagy negatív hangvételűek. Míg főleg a szakmai tematikájú oldalaknál a pozitív jelzők aránya a magasabb, egy kisebb, jellemzően konspirációs teóriákat feldolgozó oldalcsoport tartalmaiban a negatív jelzők dominálnak. A cikkekre adott reakciókból három megosztó témaklaszter rajzolódik ki: 1) etika, jog, adatvédelem, 2) nemzetközi kapcsolatok, 3) állami szféra, egyetemek és MI. A kommentek 76%-a semleges, 15%-a negatív és mindössze 9%-a pozitív. A legjellemzőbb pozitívan kommentelt tartalmak például a kutatói-szakmai munkák elismeréséről szóló hírek. A negatívan kommentelt tartalmak rangsorában kirajzolódnak a társadalmi-politikai (főképp külpolitikai) és a technológiai (főképp emberellenességgel kapcsolatos) félelmek.
La composición religiosa de Yucatán en el cambio de siglo (1990-2020)
Authors: Gaona Poveda Juan Carlos , Sotomayor Sandoval Susana Alejandra
Published: July 2024

Este artículo analiza la composición religiosa del estado de Yucatán desde 1990 a 2020, centrándose en las iglesias cristianas no católicas desde una perspectiva de demografía histórica. Utilizando como fuentes los censos nacionales de la población de 1990, 2000, 2010 y 2020, la investigación examina la ubicación geográfica (diferenciando el centro urbano –Mérida– con el resto del estado), el sexo y la edad. Sostenemos que la hegemonía católica estuvo ligeramente amenazada a finales del siglo xx y principios del xxi por la proliferación de nuevas ofertas religiosas, especialmente fuera de la capital del estado.
Trayectoria escolar de jóvenes en contextos de encierro: adecuaciones curriculares necesarias para la terminalidad escolar
Authors: Previgliano Silvia Inés , Ranzuglia Gustavo Orlando
Published: July 2024

This report refers to the theoretical review on the importance of constructing the curricular adjustments necessary to strengthen the school trajectories of young people in contexts of confinement. It focused on an educational center in the youth and adult modality that has particular characteristics. There is a need to develop school alternatives so that young people who remain out of school are included to complete their schooling. It is important to think about the need to look at the learning processes of young people who, although they have completed and certified their primary education, have not managed to develop basic literacy skills. This situation, which is present every day with more impact in all the educational institutions of the system, makes us reflect on how this modality should absorb this population and define a new instance of accreditation for these young people.
The mediating effect of self-resilience and media device addiction in the relationship between parents' achievement pressure and children's happiness
Authors: Lee Mi-Jeong ,   The Korea Associantion For Early Childhood Education Administration
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study was to examine how parents' achievement pressure affects children's happiness, and to examine the mediating effects of children's ego resilience and media device addiction in the relationship between parents' achievement pressure and children's happiness.
To this end, the data of 1,393 people from the 12th (2019) Korean Children's Panel data of the Childcare Policy Research Institute were used. For data analysis, Cronbach's α, frequency and percentage, average analysis, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, three-step regression analysis, and Sobel test were performed using the SPSS 26.0 program.
As a result of the study, first, parental achievement pressure was a factor that negatively affected children's happiness, and the higher the level of parental achievement pressure, the lower the child's happiness. Second, it was found that there was a partial mediating effect of children's self-resilience in the effect of parents' achievement pressure on children's happiness. Third, it was found that there was a partial mediating effect of children's addiction to media devices in the effect of parents' achievement pressure on children's happiness.
Through this study, it was found that parents' achievement pressure negatively affects children's happiness, and in this relationship, children's high self-resilience has a positive partial mediating effect on children's happiness, and children's high media addiction has a negative partial mediating effect on children's happiness. These results are significant in that they give implications for important variables to consider when planning programs to improve children's happiness in the future
PECULIARITIES OF TEACHING ENGLISH TO ADULTS
Authors: Anisenko Olena , Pryanitska Valentina
Published: July 2024

Teaching English to adults presents a unique and captivating challenge distinct from instructing children or teenagers. Adults bring diverse backgrounds, motivations, and learning styles to language acquisition, making it essential for educators to adapt their approaches. Motivation is a key factor in adult learning, with adults often choosing to learn English for specific reasons such as career advancement or travel. While many adults urgently need English for international communication, they may face challenges due to prior unsuccessful learning experiences. The concept of "andragogy" emphasizes the practical orientation of adult learning, independent work, and the student's leading role in achieving specific goals. Notable psychologists like Carl Rogers stress the importance of relevance, preserving identity, involving the whole person, and encouraging self-criticism in successful adult learning. Ukrainian psychologists and scientists, including O. Tarnopolsky, M. Kushnirov, O. Palii, and T. Besarab, have explored the peculiarities of teaching English to adults. They highlight variations in language proficiency, goals, and learning styles among adult learners, advocating for individualization of training to cater to diverse needs. The time constraints of adults necessitate flexible schedules and the option for online learning. Practical language usage in real situations is crucial for effective learning.
HOW HUMAN THINKING IS INFLUENCED BY THE SPOKEN LANGUAGE
Authors: Opyr Mariana , Myronenko Nataliia , Panchyshyn Svitlana , Kalistratov Yurii
Published: July 2024

This paper aims to prove a deep connection between language and thought and confirm that language is a powerful tool that humans possess. It is not just a collection of words, but rather a medium of communication that has far-reaching impacts. Effective communication heavily relies on language, which serves as a vital tool for communicating with others. Although it may not determine our thought patterns, language is universally recognized as an essential component of human interaction. With over 7,000 languages spoken worldwide, each one boasts a unique vocabulary, sound, and structure. Humans possess an incredible ability to convey complex ideas and thoughts through language. Language can also impact our perception of time and color. Different languages have varying words to describe colors, with some having only a few, such as dark and light. This article explores these various aspects of language. The connection between language and thought is intricate and multi-dimensional. Language is an essential aspect of human interaction, and its structure is linked to brain processes and external factors in nature. This article intends to discuss the varying meanings of language expressions and their significance.
MODERN FRENCH AND AZERBAİJANİ POETRY AT THE LEVEL OF COMPARATİVİSTİCS
Authors: Shamilova Shahnaz
Published: July 2024

In the article, the stages of development of Azerbaijani poetry from the 19th century to the 20th–21st centuries, which were accompanied by fundamental changes, were reviewed. It has been noted that the wars that took place at the beginning of the 20th century and the strict rules and regulations applied by the Soviet regime had an undeniable influence on our literature. It was at that time, during the years of Repression, prominent representatives of Azerbaijani poetry were subjected to political oppression and persecution, exiled and shot. The names of the poets who played a special role in the development of Azerbaijani poetic thought during the Soviet period were mentioned, and at the same time, the genre and form innovations they brought to our poetry were shown. Starting from the 60s, poets and writers began to deepen their view of man and his spiritual world. This movement, which began in literature for the sake of freedom of speech and thought, political thought, pluralism, national independence, and social justice, was continued in the 70s and 90s, and finally achieved its prospective goals with the acquisition of political sovereignty and state independence of Azerbaijan. The trend of critical realism that prevailed in Azerbaijani poetry in the 19th century was replaced by socialism- realism in the 20th century. The names of the leading representatives of this current have been mentioned. The article compares the similarities and differences of both French and Azerbaijani poetry of the 20th century in terms of literary trends, form, content, and genre, citing the names of poets and showing examples. In particular, the poems of the French surrealist poet Jacques Préver are compared to the poems of Rasul Rza and Huseyn Javid and Adil Mirseyid. The article also examines the form and content of the newest poets distinguished by their innovation in 21st century Azerbaijani poetry.
MEDIATION IN THE NOTARY: HARMONIOUS RESOLUTION OF LEGAL DISPUTES
Authors: Logvynenko Mykola , Taran Svitlana
Published: July 2024

This article is devoted to the study of the role and importance of mediation methods in the field of notary. The growing number of disputes related to notarial acts and agreements emphasizes the need for effective mechanisms for their settlement. The article highlights the advantages of using mediation as an alternative way to resolve conflicts in notarial matters. The authors examine the main principles and stages of the mediation process, as well as analyze examples of successful application of this approach in the notarial practice of Ukraine and the member states of the European Union. In particular, the article examines the possibilities of settling disputes regarding inheritance, concluding agreements between the parties, as well as other issues that often arise in notarial activities. Highlighting the experience of implementing mediation in notarial practice helps readers understand the advantages of this approach and its potential in resolving conflicts in the notary.
Penguatan Rasa Percaya Diri Siswa dalam Berkomunikasi di Sekolah Inklusi
Authors: Khoirunisa Salsabila , Muhroji Muhroji , Wulandari Riyani , Pratiwi Anggia Suci
Published: July 2024

Rasa percaya diri merupakan timbulnya keyakinan dalam diri individu terhadap kemampuan yang dimilikinya. Dengan percaya diri anak akan mudah memahami dan mengenal dirinya sendiri. Kurangnya rasa percaya diri menyebabkan terhambatnya pengembangan potensi diri pada anak. Anak dengan rasa percaya diri tinggi akan mampu berkomunikasi dengan baik di lingkunganya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan upaya-upaya guru dalam menumbuhkan kepercayaan diri anak berkebutuhan khusus (ABK) dalam membangun komunikasi di sekolah inklusi. Jenis kualitatif desain deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan teknik interaktif. Hasil menunjukan: 1. Upaya guru dalam menumbuhan kepercayaan diri pada anak berkebutuhan khusus (ABK) dilakukan dengan memberikan motivasi, apresiasi, pujian, menciptakan rasa aman, nyaman, mencari potensi anak, mendorong anak mengikuti lomba, ekstrakulikuler, menerapkan skill berani dan memberi hak yang sama. 2. Dalam membangun komunikasi yang baik guru melatih emosional anak, memberikan pemahaman tentang persatuan, memberikan bimbingan membaca, menulis, menciptakan komunikasi bermakna, menggunakan media gerakan tubuh media tulisan, menjadi juru bicara dan membebaskan anak untuk berinteraksi di lingkungan sekitar. Berbagai upaya tersebut dinilai mampu meningkatkan rasa percaya diri anak dalam berkomunikasi di lingkungan sekolah. Terutama anak-anak berkebutuhan khusus yang merasa dirinya berbeda dengan anak-anak regular.
Peran Guru dalam Pendidikan Karakter Toleran-si bagi Siswa Berkebutuhan Khusus di Sekolah Inklusi
Authors: Fayza Aulia Maulida , Amalia Nur , Utami Ratnasari Dyah , Purnomo Eko , Maulana Mahesa
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan peran guru di sekolah dalam menanamkan karakter toleransi dalam pembelajaran kepada peserta didik di sekolah inklusi dengan adanya ABK di kelas serta untuk menguraikan dampak dari penguatan karakter toleransi setelah pengimplementasian pendidikan karakter toleransi bagi anak normal. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif induktif. Subjek penelitian yaitu kepala sekolah, guru kelas, guru, guru pendamping kelas serta siswa. Pengumpulan data penelitian menggunakan wawancara kepala sekolah dan guru, observasi siswa dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) Pengimplementasian penanaman karakter toleransi merujuk pada kurikulum Dinas Pendidikan, Ismuba Sekolah Alam. Penerapan ini diintegrasikan baik di dalam maupun di luar pembelajaran dalam bentuk kebiasaan sehari-hari.  (2) Siswa menunjukkan sikap menyayangi, menghargai, serta menghormati terhadap perbedaan yang artinya telah terjadi keberhasilan dalam implementasi penanaman pendidikan karakter toleransi yang dilakukan guru.
Metastatic Spinal Lesion with Minimal Epidural Compression: Surgical Treatment or Stereotactic Radiotherapy?
Authors: Kit O. I. , Zakondyrin D. E. , Grin A. A. , Rostorguev E. E. , Przhedetskiy Y. V. , Sakun P. G. , Voshedskii V. I. , Matevosian B. V. , Shepelya T. S.
Published: July 2024

Introduction. The choice of treatment between extracranial stereotactic radiotherapy and surgery for metastatic vertebral body tumors with minimum or no epidural compression of the dura mater is yet to be clearly defined. Materials and methods. The study enrolled 41 patients who received treatment at the National Medical Research Centre for Oncology (Rostov-on-Don, Russia) from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2022. The inclusion criterion was the presence of a metastatic vertebral tumor, with minimal or no epidural compression of the dura mater and the radicular infundibulum (ESCC 0–1b). Patients were divided into two groups: 21 patients (SBRT group) received only extracranial stereotactic radiation therapy and 20 patients who underwent surgery followed by adjuvant extracranial stereotactic radiation therapy 1 month after surgery (Op.+Аd.SBRT). Results. The early postoperative period revealed no deterioration in the neurological status of patients in the SBRT group, no improvement in the Karnofsky performance status and no regression of pain syndrome, in contrast to patients in the Op+Аd.SBRT group. In a month after the surgery, tumors continued to grow in 3 patients (21%) of the SBRT group and only in 1 patient (6%) of the Oр.+Аd.SBRT group. Discussion. In the early postoperative period, the Op.+Аd.SBRT group showed an improvement in the functional status and a significantly more pronounced regression of the pain syndrome in the patients of the SBRT group, which can be explained by direct decompression of the compressed spinal root and elimination of increasing instability of the spinal column. Conclusion. Surgical treatment complemented by adjuvant extracranial stereotactic radiation therapy constitutes the preferred treatment for patients with metastatic spinal lesion with minimal epidural spread, without epidural compression of the spinal cord, with severe pain syndrome and signs of increasing instability of the spinal column.
Early Results of Simultaneous Integrated Boost Volumetric Modulated arc Therapy (SIB-VMAT) Combined with Temozolomide in the Postoperative Treatment of Grade 4 glioblastoma
Authors: Nikulshina Y. O. , Redkin A. N. , Perova A. V.
Published: July 2024

Introduction. Glioblastoma refers to a neuroepithelial malignant brain tumor with an aggressive course and extremely unfavorable prognosis. The median overall survival comprises 14.6 months. Standard treatment demonstrates relatively poor efficiency due to high recurrence rate associated with the high repopulation rate of tumor cells as well as impossibility of eradication of primary tumor. Simultaneous integrated boost is recognized as a technique to enhance local control in gliomas. Materials and methods. The study analyzed data of 25 patients who received chemoradiotherapy for grade 4 glioblastoma in the Radiotherapy Unit No 1. Day hospital lasted from September 2021 to March 2023 (data were analyzed over a year). In group 1, 15 patients received chemoradiation treatment, including simultaneous integrated boost volumetric modulated arc therapy (SIB-VMAT). In group 2, 10 patients received standard fractionated radiation therapy. Results and discussion. Treatment tolerability appeared satisfactory: the target dose was administered in 100% of patients without forced interruptions, toxicity was comparable in both groups; 1-year locoregional control comprised 46.7% in the group with simultaneous integrated boost, 50% in the group of standard fractionated therapy; 1-year overall survival accounted for 66.7% in the group with simultaneous integrated boost, and 70% in the group of standard therapy. The follow-up period revealed no cases of radiation necrosis. The results obtained in the present study appear comparable with the data of relevant scientific publications on the issue. Conclusion. Radiation therapy using simultaneous integrated boost in the postoperative treatment of grade 4 glioblastoma is considered as an acceptable and safe method with moderate toxicity and satisfactory overall survival rate.
Intra-Abdominal Hypertension and Abdominal Compartment Syndrome. Literature Review
Authors: Timerbulatov Sh. V. , Abdullin U. M. , Viktorov V. V. , Plechev V. V. , Gafarova A. R.
Published: July 2024

Intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome remain a challenging problem in abdominal surgery. Due to various etiological factors leading to increased intra-abdominal pressure (inflammatory, destructive processes, trauma, sepsis, postoperative complications, etc.), and the negative impact of increased IBP on the functions of the gastrointestinal, respiratory, cardiovascular systems, kidneys, central nervous system, timely diagnosis and treatment play an important role. Gradually elevated intra-abdominal pressure can cause persistent organ dysfunction and be potentially fatal. To date, the pathophysiological mechanisms, methods for determining intra-abdominal pressure, the frequency of its measurement, and methods of conservative and surgical treatment have been studied in sufficient detail. The paper presents a literature review on the problem of intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome. The study considers issues of epidemiology, mortality rates, methods for measuring intra-abdominal pressure, including advanced innovative technologies. The authors present the basics of clinical diagnosis, the significance and informativity of additional biochemical blood tests, radiation methods, mainly computed tomography, and ultrasound examination. Advanced methods of conservative treatment are considered, which, when used early, significantly minimize target organ damage, organ dysfunction, and indications for emergency decompressive laparotomy. Finally, recommendations are given for the postoperative management of patients with an “open” abdomen, and for the optimal timing of laparostoma closure.
Mechanisms of Cancerprotective Effects of Phytosterols. Literature Review
Authors: Rakhmatullina I. R. , Kudashkina N. V. , Frolova V. Yu. , Ozieva M. Kh. , Sadykov B. I.
Published: July 2024

Cancer is recognized as the second leading cause of mortality in the Russian Federation. Prolonging the life of oncology patients involves treatment with toxic drugs, causing multiple side effects. Today, scientists around the world are striving to find non-toxic drugs. The present study explores phytosterols. Phytosterols refer to a class of steroids widely distributed in plants as an essential component of plant cell membranes. They include stigmasterol, beta-sitosterol, and campesterol. Stigmasterol has been found to increase the expression of proapoptotic genes (Bax, p53) and decrease the expression of the antiapoptotic gene Bcl-2 in HepG2 liver cancer cells. Stigmasterol is able to induce cell arrest in G0-G1 phase (stationary phase), resulting in fewer cells in the G2/M phase (division phase). It induces apoptosis and protective autophagy in gastric cancer cells while inhibiting the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. β-sitosterol exhibits growth inhibitory and cytotoxic effects against a number of established cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo, and remains free from acute/subacute toxic effects. β-sitosterol is widely used to treat chronic prostate diseases. In 2020, spendings on dietary supplements rich in beta-sitosterol accounted for $24 827 065 in the USA. Campesterol induces cell apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway. It appears cytotoxic to U937 hepatocellular cancer cells. Campesterol induces cell apoptosis and activates proapoptotic signaling in ovarian cancer cell lines of a person. The present literature review demonstrates that specific substances in this group, beta-sitosterol, stigmasterol, and campesterol, provide pronounced antitumor effects.
Fluorescence Diagnostics and Photodynamic Therapy in Cytoreductive Surgical Treatment of Peritoneal Carcinomatosis Patient
Authors: Rudakov D. A. , Surov D. A. , Soloviev I. A. , Balura O. V. , Bromberg B. B. , Sizonenko N. A. , Esayan I. L. , Nguyen V. T.
Published: July 2024

Introduction. Peritoneal carcinomatosis, one of the most aggressive forms of metastasis, is recognized as a serious clinical problem. Conventional therapies, including cytoreductive surgery and systemic chemotherapy are limited in their efficacy. New approaches, involving photodynamic therapy and fluorescence diagnostics, obtain great potential for improving the outcomes of complex treatment for this category of patients. Materials and methods. The paper presents a clinical case of a female patient with peritoneal metastases of ovarian cancer complicated by small intestinal obstruction and tumor necrosis. The case demonstrates the results of implementing photodynamic technologies in combination with staged cytoreductive surgical treatment. The first stage of cytoreductive surgical intervention was mainly focused on elimination of life-threatening complications and involved fluorescence diagnostics and photodynamic therapy in order to control the completeness of cytoreduction as well as to assess the nature of suspicious tumor foci and to treat the residual tumor. The second stage of surgical treatment included completing cytoreduction under fluorescence diagnostics, and intraabdominal hyperthermic chemoperfusion. The paper evaluates the results of using fluorescence diagnostics for determining the tumor lesion of the peritoneum in order to objectify the choice of the peritonectomy volume. Results and discussion. The implementation of the described approach resulted in increased efficiency of cytoreductive intervention due to intraoperative diagnostics and targeted antitumor treatment of residual tumor foci. Assessment of the quality of life using the SF-36 survey in the postoperative period demonstrated a significant improvement in both physical and psychological components of health during three months of follow-up. Conclusion. The innovative approach, involving integration of phototheranostics into the cytoreductive surgical treatment of patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis, can potentially improve the accuracy of intraoperative diagnostics of tumor prevalence in the peritoneum and, moreover, enhance the efficiency of cytoreductive interventions. However, further clinical studies are required to fully evaluate the therapeutic potential and prove the efficacy of the proposed treatment.
Laparoscopic Removal of a Large Extraorgan Retroperitoneal Cyst
Authors: Timerbulatov M. V. , Sakaev E. M. , Shchekin S. V. , Shchekin V. S. , Irnazarov F. R. , Akhiyarova A. A.
Published: July 2024

Introduction. Extraorgan cysts of the retroperitoneal space (ECRS) remain a challenge in terms of determining therapeutic and diagnostic tactics. In most cases, ECRS are asymptomatic, which explains their detection as an incidental finding during examinations or surgical interventions in the abdominal cavity and/or retroperitoneal space. The main method for treatment of true and formed false ECRS consists in surgery with both laparotomy and laparoscopic accesses. Materials and methods. Clinical case: patient M., female, 39 years old, addressed to one of the clinics in Ufa with complaints of periodic lower left abdominal pain. Based on the results of the examinations, a diagnosis was made of a large tumor of the left ovary, complicated by pain. Concomitant diagnosis: multinodular uterine myoma. Surgical treatment — conservative myomectomy — with laparotomy access was performed due to the large size of the neoplasm. Intraoperatively, in the left iliac region, a volumetric liquid formation measuring 20×15 cm, not associated with the ovary, was discovered retroperitoneally. After further examination, the patient was referred for surgical treatment for retroperitoneal tumor in the City Clinical Hospital No 21. Results and discussion. The surgery was performed laparoscopically. The duration of the surgical intervention accounted for 39 minutes. The postoperative period was reported to be uneventful. Drains were removed on the second day. The patient was discharged from hospital on the fifth day after surgery. Histological examination of the cyst wall revealed no epithelial lining; the wall consisted of fibrous tissue. In this clinical case, according to the results of histological examination, the structure of the cyst wall corresponds to the secondary type or false cysts due to no epithelial lining. Conclusion. In cases of extraorgan retroperitoneal cysts, laparoscopic excision is considered to be a safe and effective method with less postoperative pain and a shorter recovery period compared to open interventions.
PLANNING STRATEGY MERDEKA BELAJAR AT SMP NEGERI 3 SUNGGUMINASA
Authors: Satriani Satriani , Baharuddin Baharuddin , Damayanti Eka , Syamsudduha St.
Published: July 2024

Program merdeka belajar pada pendidikan menengah menjadi program yang harus dilaksanakan namun belum semua sekolah dapat menerapkan secara penuh karena masih mencari model yang tepat. Penting ada penelitian yang dapat menjadi best practice bagi sekolah lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan perencanaan program merdeka belajar pada kegiatan asesmen nasional, kegiatan Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) yang disederhanakan, dan kegiatan sistem zonasi pada Penerimaan Peserta Didik Baru (PPDB) di SMP Negeri 3 Sungguminasa. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan teknik wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif dari Miles dan Huberman melalui tahap reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Uji keabsahan data menggunakan perpanjangan pengamatan, meningkatkan ketekunan dalam penelitian dan teknik triangulasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perencanaan program merdeka belajar pada kegiatan asesmen nasional, kegiatan RPP yang disederhanakan, dan kegiatan sistem zonasi pada PPDB di SMP Negeri 3 Sungguminasa sudah berjalan didasarkan pada indikator perencanaan yaitu: (1) penentuan sasaran dan tujuan (2) menetapkan sumber-sumber daya yang digunakan (3) memilih dan menetapkan metode atau cara yang akan dilakukan. Hasil temuan mengimplikasikan pihak sekolah untuk dapat menerapkan kebijakan merdeka belajar bukan hanya pada perencanaan yang baik saja tapi juga pelaksanaan, pengontrolan, sampai pada tahap evaluasi.
TRANSISI MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA KALA DAN PASCA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Sembiring Desy Anita Karolina , Raja Nova Riama Lumban , Rosiyanti Rosiyanti , Toam Agnes
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis motivasi belajar siswa selama dan setelah pandemi Covid-19, khususnya selama transisi dari pembelajaran hybrid ke tatap muka. Penelitian kuantitatif ini menggunakan desain deskriptif sederhana dan melibatkan populasi siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Sentani, dengan total 266 siswa. Sampel sebanyak 156 siswa ditentukan melalui teknik simple random sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner online yang disebar melalui Google Forms, dan diukur dengan skala likert lima poin. Pengolahan data melibatkan kategorisasi skor motivasi belajar siswa menjadi tinggi, sedang, dan rendah, berdasarkan persentase yang telah ditentukan. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan statistik deskriptif untuk menguji hubungan antar variabel. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa motivasi belajar siswa mengalami penurunan signifikan selama periode pembelajaran hybrid, yang ditandai dengan pembatasan interaksi fisik dan keterbatasan teknologi. Namun, dengan transisi kembali ke pembelajaran tatap muka, terjadi peningkatan yang signifikan dalam motivasi belajar siswa, didorong oleh interaksi sosial yang lebih baik dan dukungan langsung dari guru. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa interaksi sosial dan dukungan emosional berperan penting dalam meningkatkan motivasi belajar. Temuan ini menggarisbawahi pentingnya mempertimbangkan aspek humanis dalam pendidikan, terutama dalam merancang strategi pembelajaran pasca pandemi yang bertujuan meningkatkan kesuksesan akademik dan kesejahteraan emosional siswa.
Mój Uniwersytet
Authors: Schramm Tomasz
Published: July 2024

Publikowany tekst zawiera wykład wygłoszony na posiedzeniu Oddziału Poznańskiego Polskiego Towarzystwa Historycznego, jak też odpowiedzi na zadane po nim pytania, pochodzące od studentów historii Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, którzy stanowili większość słuchaczy. Wykład oparty został na wyjściowym pytaniu: „jakim postrzeganiem Uniwersytetu nasiąkłem w rodzinnym domu, jak to potem konfrontowałem z własną praktyką czy też «doświadczaniem» Uniwersytetu, jak patrzę na to z perspektywy doświadczenia będącego moim udziałem i z obserwacji dokonujących się zmian”. W ślad za nim dzieli się on na dwie zasadnicze części. Pierwsza przedstawia uniwersyteckie doświadczenie autora, zakorzenione w tradycji rodzinnej, a następnie zbierane osobiście począwszy od podjęcia studiów akademickich na UAM w 1967 r. Druga jest krytyczną refleksją nad obecną kondycją uniwersytetów w Polsce. Czerpie ona obficie z wypowiedzi na ten temat wybitnych przedstawicieli nauki polskiej.
Spinal magnetic resonance imaging in cats: differences in clinical significance of intervertebral disk extrusion, intervertebral disk protrusion, and degenerative lumbosacral stenosis
Authors: Soteras Marc Pérez , Dominguez Elisabet , Suñol Anna , Czopowicz Michał , Ordás Christian Maeso , Morales Carles , Pons-Sorolla Marta , Montoliu Patrícia
Published: July 2024

OBJECTIVE

To determine the occurrence of degenerative changes affecting the vertebral column in cats, assess their clinical significance, and determine the occurrence in cats with intervertebral disk herniation compared to other spinal diseases.

ANIMALS

114 client-owned cats.

METHODS

Hospital records were retrospectively reviewed for cats with suspected myelopathy that had undergone spinal MRI. Signalment; history; neurological examination; neurolocalization; primary diagnosis; presence, type, and location of intervertebral disk herniation; and presence and location of other degenerative spinal changes (intervertebral disk degeneration [IVDD], spondylosis deformans [SD], end plate changes, dorsal compressions [DC], and foraminal stenosis [FS]) were recorded.

RESULTS

70% of cats showed at least 1 spinal degenerative change. The most common change was IVDD, followed by SD and intervertebral disk protrusion (IVDP), while intervertebral disk extrusion (IVDE), end plate changes, DC, and FS were uncommon to rare. Primary complaint was attributed to a degenerative condition in 22% of cats, including 100% with IVDE, 9% with IVDP, and 43% with degenerative lumbosacral stenosis (DLSS). The occurrence of degenerative spinal changes and number of intervertebral disks affected by IVDD significantly increased with age and body weight. Age was positively correlated with the occurrence of SD and DLSS. Intervertebral disk degeneration, IVDP, SD, DC, and FS were more prevalent in the lumbosacral junction. Cats with IVDD were significantly more likely to show IVDE and IVDP.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

This study revealed that in a population of cats presenting for signs of myelopathy, IVDE was always responsible for the clinical presentation, DLSS was commonly considered incidental, and IVDP was infrequently related to neurological signs.
The application value of behavior analysis based on deep learning in the evaluation of depression in art students
Authors: Junyi Zhu
Published: July 2024

This study discusses the application value of behavior analysis based on deep learning in the evaluation of depression in art students. Because of the professional characteristics and creative pressure, art college students are at high risk of mental health, among which the incidence of depression is increasing year by year, which has a serious impact on their studies and quality of life. With the rapid development of AI technology, deep learning algorithms show significant advantages in processing complex data and pattern recognition. In this study, by collecting the daily behavior data of art college students and combining it with a deep learning algorithm, an efficient depression evaluation model was constructed. The model aims to realize the early identification and evaluation of depressive symptoms of art college students and provide new methods and means for mental health management. The study collected data using various methods such as questionnaire surveys, mobile application tracking, and social media data crawling, and went through detailed data preprocessing steps, including missing value processing, outlier detection, data standardization, and feature selection, to ensure data quality and model training effectiveness. Subsequently, this study designed a deep learning model (CNN-LSTM) based on the combination of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Long Short Term Memory Network (LSTM), which can capture temporal dependencies and spatial relationships between features in the data, thereby improving the accuracy of depression assessment. The empirical findings demonstrate that the CNN-LSTM integrated model has attained remarkable accuracy in assessing the depressive tendencies of art students, underscoring the efficacy of deep learning techniques in behavioral analysis. This research further scrutinizes the impact of various attributes on the predictive outcomes, highlighting the significance of social interaction frequency, academic stress, and artistic engagement levels in depression assessment.
Patterns of Stakeholder Relationships in the Implementation of the Tomira Partnership Program in Kulon Progo
Authors: Wijaya Riko
Published: July 2024

TOMIRA stands for People's Owned Stores, which emerged as a reaction to the widespread growth of modern networked or franchised stores in the community, especially in Kulon Progo Regency. The development of modern network stores or franchises is considered a threat to the long-term existence of traditional markets, which in this case include cooperatives and micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs). TOMIRA is a partnership program between cooperatives, MSMEs, and large networked modern shop companies supported by the Kulon Progo Regency government in an effort to provide solutions for the sustainability of cooperatives and MSMEs in society. However, the TOMIRA partnership program still has various deficiencies, especially in terms of the roles and relationship patterns of the stakeholders involved. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the pattern of relationships that occur between stakeholders involved in the implementation of the TOMIRA partnership program so that this program is expected to have a high success rate and be beneficial to various parties in the future.
The Role of Information and Communication Technologies on Financial Development and Economic Growth: PLS-SEM Approach
Authors: Özdemir Levent
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of ICT diffusion on financial development (FD) and economic growth (EG) by using the PLS-SEM method. The sample size consists of data from 158 countries for the 2015-2020 time period. Test results indicate that ICT diffusion has positive and substantial direct effects on both FD and EG. A one-unit increase could lead to a 0.836 unit increase in FD and a 0.437 unit increase in EG. Test results show that Internet and telephone usage have a similar substantial effect on FD, while Internet usage has a greater effect on EG than telephone usage, as a one-unit increase in Internet usage could cause an increase of 0.509 units in EG, but a one-unit increase in telephone usage could cause an increase of 0.200 units in EG. Lastly, the findings of this paper support the causality running from FD to EG and the moderating role of FD between ICT constructs and EG. Thereby, the novelty of this study is that it examines the relationship between ICT diffusion (in addition to Internet and telephone use), FD, and EG concurrently using the PLS-SEM method in a large data set and finds robust empirical results supporting the theory.