bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Studies in the Glossopteris flora of India - 16. Dadoxylon jamudhiense, a new species of fossil wood from the Raniganj stage of Jharia coalfield, Bihar
Authors: Maheshwari Hari K.
Published: September 2022

A new species of fossil wood, Dadoxylon jamudhiense, is described from the Raniganj stage of Jharia coalfield, Bihar. The wood is distinguished by the presence of a large percentage of partly biseriate xylem rays, 1-2 or 3 seriate, alternate or opposite, mostly circular radial pits and 1-4-simple and broadly oval to circular pits in the cross-field.
Nomenclatural notes on Striatopodocarpites Sedova, 1956
Authors: Venkatachala B.S. , Kar R.K.
Published: September 2022

Striatopodocarpites Sedova, 1956, is considered not valid on nomenclatural grounds. Pollen grains hitherto assigned to Striatopodocarpites (Sedova) Bharadwaj, 1962, are reassigned to Strotersporites Wilson, 1962.
Barringtonioxylon eopterocarpum sp. nov., A fossil wood of lecythidaceae from the Deccan Intertrappean beds of Mahurzari
Authors: Prakash U. , Dayal R.
Published: September 2022

In this paper a fossil dicotyledonous wood from the Deccan Intertrappean beds of Mahurzari (21°13'N; 79°1'E) near Nagpur, India has been described. It has been assigned to the genus Barringtonioxylon Shallom (1960a) and described as B. eopterocarpum sp. nov. because of its marked similarity with the wood structure of Barringtonia pterocarpa Kurz of Lecythidaceae.
Sapindoxylon Schleicheroides sp. nov., A fossil Dicotyledonous wood from the Deccan Intertrappean beds of Madhya Pradesh.
Authors: Dayal R.
Published: September 2022

A new species of the genus Sapindoxylon Krausel (1922), viz., Sapindoxylon schleicheroides is described from the fossiliferous locality of Keria (21° 59' 40" N; 79° 10' 15" E) in the Deccan Intertrappean beds of Madhya Pradesh. It resembles the wood structure of the living genus Schleichera Willd. of the Sapindaceae.
Miospore assemblage of seam IX of East Raniganj Coalfield (India)
Authors: Salujha S.K.
Published: September 2022

The spore and pollen flora contained in seam IX (Upper Kajora seam at the Jaipuria Kajora colliery) of Raniganj coalfield consists of 32 genera and 72 species, out of which 11 species are new. The spore assemblage of this seam has also been compared with those of the underlying seams (Nos. VIII & VII in succession) and the important seam to seam, qualitative as well as quantitative differences have been discussed.
Floristic and ecological reconsiderations of the Pleistocene plant impressions from Kashmir
Authors: Vishnu-Mittre
Published: September 2022

The Pleistocene plant impressions from the Lower Karewas in Kashmir described by Middlemiss, Stewart and Puri are considered from the floristic and ecological viewpoints, in relation to stratigraphy and in the background of the events of the Pleistocene climatic and diastrophic changes. This attempt seeks to straighten out the facts and remove the confusion created by a similar consideration of this fossil flora by the earlier workers.

From the stratigraphical considerations it is discovered that this flora came off from an upper part of the Lower Karewas (Lithozone 4) and is in no way representative of the vegetation of the entire Lower Karewas. Furthermore, the fossil flora is suggestive of temperate climate rather than tropical or subtropical as deduced by earlier workers.

Comments are also made towards the application of this flora in determining the Plio-Pleistocene boundary in the Lower Karewas.
The Cambrian algal flora
Authors: Harlan Johnson J.
Published: September 2022

NA
Studies in the Glossopteris flora of India - 33. Fossil plants and miospores from the coal bearing beds of the Umaria coalfield with some remarks on the age of the beds
Authors: Maithy P.K.
Published: September 2022

The age of the coal-bearing beds of the Umaria coalfield is an stratigraphical controversy in Indian Lower Gondwana System. Views have been expressed in the past by several workers to consider them as equivalent to the Barakar stage, however, others opined it to be Karharbari in age. The present investigations of the paleobotanical content of these beds suggest that they are more or less homotaxial to the Karharbari beds of the Giridih coalfield.
Petrographic and sporological studies of some coals from Talcher coalfield, Orissa, India
Authors: Navale G.K.B.
Published: September 2022

The present paper outlines petrographic and sporological studies of coals from Nandira and South-Balanda mines of Talcher coalfield in the Mahanadi Coal Basin, Orissa, India. No previous knowledge exists about petro-palynological characters of these coals although general microstructural details of Talcher coals have been   established.

The coals investigated are dull in appearance and non-banded. They are composed of Durain, Vitrain and Fusain components. Durain forms the main component with narrow short black lenticles of Fusain. The microscopic study of Durain component indicates Vitrinite, Exinite, and Inertinite as main macerals. Exinite constitutes microspores, megaspores and microsporangia. Vitrain and Fusain components under microscope show Vitrinite and Fusinite macerals showing woody structure. Trimacerites form the bulk of the microlithotypes.

Sporological studies of these coals reveal a large variety of miospores. The miospore assemblage in the coals comprises of trilete, monolete, monosaccate and disaccate forms. Genera Punctatisporites, Parasaccites, Virkkipollenitcs, Sulcatisporites, Lunatisporites, Stotersporites, Faunipollenites and Cuneatisporites are well represented. Saccate sporomorphs constitute a large group in the miospore assemblage. Among saccate forms the genus Parasaccites dominates in miospore distribution.  Petro-palynological characters of the coals investigated indicate that by and large they are of non-banded Durain component composed mostly of saccate forms. (predominated by monosaccates), resembling the main seam of Talcher coalfield in palyno-petrographic composition. Presence of mineral matter, high proportion of Inertinite and Exinite constituted by spores, and less amount of vitrain and Clarain indicate high moisture content and low grade quality coals.
Revision of Jurassic spores and pollen grains from Andigama, Ceylon
Authors: Jain K.P. , Sah S.C.D.
Published: September 2022

The present paper describes in detail the dispersed spores and pollen grains from Andigama (Ceylon) shales which were previously recorded by one of us (SAH, 1953). The present study throws more light on the probable age of these beds. The assemblage points towards their being younger in age than the Rajmahal assemblage (Nipania, Sakrigalighat and Basko) and older than the Lower Cretaceous. It has been concluded that the Andigama beds are Upper Jurassic in age.
Fossil flora from the Upper Gondwana of Kutch and Kathiawar
Authors: Roy S.K.
Published: September 2022

The paper presented here deals with the Lower Cretaceous (=Wealden) flora from Kutch and Kathiawar. The floral assemblage consists of Equisetales, Isoetales, Filicales, Pteridosperms, Cycadeoidales, Cycadales, Coniferales and two new gymnospermous genera of uncertain affinity. The flora is rich in pteridophytic and coniferous remains.
A new species of petrified palm stem from the Deccan Intertrappean Series
Authors: Rao A.R. , Menon Vimala K.
Published: September 2022

A silicified palm stem with roots attached to it collected from Mohgaon Kalan, Madhya Pradesh, is described here in detail. The anatomy of the stem shows that it does not fully agree with any of the Indian species of palm stems described so far, although in minor features it shows some resemblances with Palmoxylon sclerodermurm Sahni (1943), P. surangei Lakhanpal (1955) and P. raoi Menon (MS). However, it also differs from these in important characters like the frequency, dimensions, form and structure of the fibrovascular bundles and in some other minor features. It has, therefore, been described under a new specific name, Palmoxylon kraeuselii. The specimen can be referred to the Cocos-like palms according to the classification given by Sahni (1943).
A tentative code of the ancient and derivative characters of pollen grains of Angiosperms
Authors: Kuprianova L.
Published: September 2022

For any studies in the comparative morphology of pollen, as well as for any application of palynological data to plant taxonomy, phylogeny and palaeopalynology it is very important to be able to estimate the antiquity of the more recency of characters.

The palynological code proposed is the first step in this direction. Similar codes have been published earlier by other authors for both vegetative and generative organs of Angiosperms.

For the establishment of the antiquity of characters it is necessary to take into consideration the phenomenon of heterochrony; therefore, not a single character, but as many as possible should be used.
Investigation into the Neogenic Microplankton of Hungary
Authors: Nagy Esther
Published: September 2022

NA
Pollen grains of Angiosperms in the Cenomanian Peruc formation in Bohemia
Authors: Pacltova Blanka
Published: September 2022

Pollen grains of angiosperms found in the Cenomanian Peruc Beds in Bohemia belong to several morphological groups and represent the terrestrial, paludal and aquatic plants. They involve both the monocotyledon (Monoporopollenites, Monocolpopollenites) and dicotyledon (Tricolpopollenites, Tricolporopollenites, Triporopollenites, Polyporopollenites, Normapolles) trees and herbs. The pollen spectrum, however, is characterized by smooth and sculptured tricolpate and tricolporate pollen grains whose percentage greatly prevails. In the lower layers of the Peruc Beds there are mainly small (10-18µ) tricolpate and tricolporate forms, the larger forms appearing in the upper part of the complex. Changes in the composition of spectrum are observable already during the sedimentation of the 25 m thick formation. Therefore, it cannot yet be excluded whether the lower part of the Peruc Beds does not fall still in the Albian. Most recent investigation has shown that the development of the progressive angiosperm element, termed. by Pflug "Normapolles", which prevails in and is characteristic of the pollen spectrum of the Upper Cretaceous, started in the Cenomanian. In the Peruc Beds primitive forms of this group appear sporadically but quite regularly, and from the top layers a representative showing a more advanced morphology has been recovered. The discrepancies in the results of macropalaeobotanical and palynological investigations led the authoress to the revision of some classic macropalaeobotanical studies (by HEER, VELENOVSKY, VINIKLAR, BAYER). By the example of the fossil genus "Eucalyptus Heel", whose identity with the modern genus Eucalyptus has been disproved (B. PACLTOVA, 1962), she has shown that it is advisable to revise some earlier determinations by means of modern integrated methods, now available.
Flozidentifizierung Und Sporologie (IM Oberkarbon)
Authors: Potonie R.
Published: September 2022

A great deal of sporological stratigraphy has to do with statistics. But there also are some possibilities to work without statistics. This is, e.g., the study of regional extraaccumulations of spores occurring in coals and elsewhere as a result of over-production of spores in certain years accompanied by favourable meteorological constellations.

On the other hand, we may observe better than till now, the change of spore content with the change of facies occurring even without stratigraphical change. This seems to be good for nothing. It perhaps only makes the problem more difficult. But in fact, it gives more possibilities for different purposes, e.g., the distance from shore in marine sediments is sometimes better seen with spores than with others petrographical studies. In every case if we use statistics as far as possible, we must compare associations of similar facies only. Often that is very difficult and of course makes invalid the best mathematical calculations of statistics. You know we have today papers trying to introduce even higher mathematics in sporology. To have success by this way it would first be necessary to understand what is a spore species and a spore genus. If people would learn, that these taxa are not classical one but form-organ-taxa, stratigraphy would have a great success. A definition of the form-organ species so useful for stratigraphy follows here:

"A form-organ-species contains organs of equal category being of the same shape. They are put together in the same species in spite of the fact 0that these equal organs may have belonged to plants which in other organs differed from one another ".  

An author, who does not understand this definition makes too many new species and genera which injure the stratigraphical methods. Further we must know that chiefly the spore species are suitable for stratigraphical purposes while the spore genera help to embrace the greater construction plans. The progress of spore stratigraphy will be insufficient as long as we are not accepting, that many spore genera have representatives from the palaeozoics (or only mesozoics) till to day, and that even sometimes it may be so with certain spore species (pollen grains are spores s.l.).
Reappraisal of the Microflora from the Jabalpur series of India with remarks of the age of the beds
Authors: Singh H.P.
Published: September 2022

The present paper deals with the sporological analysis (miospore genera) of coals from the neighbourhood of Sehora and Hathnapur in the Jabalpur Series of India which are exposed as the youngest Gondwana strata in the Mahadeo hills of Madhya Pradesh. The assemblage consists of 32 miospore genera, of which the saccate constituent are invariably non-striated. The occurrence of striated and some of the non-striated bisaccates, as reported by Dev (1961), from the Sher River assemblage near Sehora is not confirmed. A comparison of the present assemblage (non-Dev, 1.c.) with some of those known from comparable horizons from India and abroad has been briefly given. On sporological grounds, it has been inferred that the Jabalpur Series as represented near Sehora and Hathnapur can be successfully distinguished from the Umia beds in Cutch and the Rajmahal Hills in Bihar. The botanical relationship of the dispersed spores with that of the megaflora has been indicated, wherever possible. The reinvestigated mioflora consists of many additional miospore genera some of which viz. Aequitriradites, Rouseisporites, Foveotriletes, Crybelosporites, Cooksonites and Contignisporites glebulentus in conjunction with the megafossil record of Onchyiopsis and Weichselia strengthen the belief that the Jabalpur Series may conform to Lower Cretaceous age.
Corisaccites gen.nov., A new saccate pollen genus from the permian of salt range, West Pakistan
Authors: Venkatachala B.S. , Kar R.K.
Published: September 2022

A re-examination of spores and pollen contained in the Kathwai shale, 25 ft. above the Talchir boulder bed, has revealed considerable information regarding the age of these beds. Virkki (1946) investigated this material.

The present paper deals with pollen grains designated as "Spore 5" by Virkki (1946) and later included under Lueckisporites by Potonie and Potonie & Klaus (1954). These pollens differ from Lueckisporites in not possessing an intrabaculate exoexinal cap on the central body and hence included here in a new genus Corisaccites. The genus is compared with other bisaccate genera like Taeniaesporites, Lunatisporites and Chordasporites.
Some problems of representivity in pollen analysis
Authors: Faegri Knut
Published: September 2022

Three problems of representativity are discussed: A. The classicial "statistical" problem to what extent one may conclude from the composition of a pollen spectrum to that of the actual pollen rain. Statistical treatment of this problem chiefly serves as a warning not to draw too definite conclusions from individual spectra. B. To what extent it is possible to conclude from the composition of the pollen rain to that of the vegetation. Doubt is raised about the validity of Davis's negative conclusions which are statistically not well founded. Pollen productivity alone does not give the answer: transport effectivity is equally important. C. To what extent does the actual vegetation represent the potentialities of the area and to what extent are successions dependent on non-climatic factors.
Kaundinyapur plant economy in protohistoric and historic times
Authors: Vishnu-Mittre
Published: September 2022

The paper describes carbonized food grains and their impressions from Kaundinyapur a site in Madhya Pradesh. The remains include cereals (rice and ? maize), legumes (peas) and the fruit  remain (jujube) and a crushed fragment of a bamboo. The various strata from which the material has been recovered range in age from 500 B.C. to 1400 A.D. representing slightly earlier Mauryan to the Muslim Period.
Present achievments in a palynological study of the Quaternary period in the USSR
Authors: Neustadt M.I.
Published: September 2022

Enormous palynological data are accumulated over the continental and marine deposits from the various regions of the USSR.

Palynological data are usually applied together with the geological ones. At a time, diatoms and large plant remains are analysed. The absolute age determination by C 14 is in common use.

The general pattern of distribution and dynamic of vegetation and natural zones in the Pleistocene and Holocene are traced in large scale regions and in all the country.

Palynological data serve usually as a main criterion for the differentiation and subdivision of interglacials and interstadials with reference to their relative chronological estimates.

Palynological method is used also for the identification of the Pliocene-Pleistocene and Pleistocene-Holocene boundaries, for the sub-division of deposits into horizons and zones on the base of vegetational changes, for the determination of past climates, for the typization of interglacial, interstadial and holocene diagrams with reference to their geographical position, time correlation, of marine transgressions etc.

There are found some sections representing palynologically continuous vegetational development from the last interglacial to the present. The data from arid zone are very interesting to study pluvial and interpluvial periods.

Palynological data show the extremely complicated development of the Pleistocene and Holocene vegetation, the significant mobility and transformation of natural zones.

Only due to the use of palynological method it became possible to study climatic conditions, vegetational development and stratigraphical position of the Pleistocene and Holocene deposits.
The role of Paleopalynological investigations during the study of Quaternary deposits
Authors: Pokrovskaja I.M.
Published: September 2022

The main criterion for establishing the main stratigraphic subdivisions (system, division, stage) in all the deposits from Proterozoic to Neogen inclusive is their paleontological as well as paleopalynological character. On the basis of successive change of complexes of species and genera of animals and plants there have been constructed the stratigraphic and geochronological scales for these sediments.

Tile paleontological data cannot be used for stratigraphic subdivision and dating of the Quaternary deposits because during the Quaternary "period" there was no time for formation of new species of plants which emergence and extension help to judge about the age of sediments. According to the palaeobotanical data the absolute majority of existing species of plants appearance in Cretaceous, Paleogene and Neogene periods and the whole history of flora of the Quaternary "period" must be estimated by the time not exceeding the age (stage).

On the basis of the up-to-date paleopalynological investigations it is not possible to solve to what part of the section the investigated Quaternary deposits belong. The results of these investigations may explain only some questions of botanical geographic, climatic and physico-geographic character.

In order to use the paleopalynological data more effective during the study of the Quaternary deposits it is necessary to study spores and pollen in great detail than now. Thus the most important tasks are: (1) the establishment of plant species by their spore and pollen fossils; (2) the study of spore and pollen of existing species of plants and first of all those which live in the investigated region and in the adjacent territories in order to reconstruct the ways of sequence and time of these or those species using the spores and pollen finds in fossil state (3) the creation of "types" of spore-pollen diagrams for different parts of the Quaternary time and (4) the separation of plant species by their spores and pollen which can be the reliable correlates and further probably the age indicators.
The Post-glacial marine transgression in N. Ireland-Conclustion from Esturine and raised beach deposits: A contrast
Authors: Singh Gurdip , Smith A.G.
Published: September 2022

Studies of the raised beaches in Co. Down have suggested a water level of + 30 ft. (9.2 m.) I.O.D. in the Atlantic period (c. 8,000-5,000 B.P.).

Stratigraphical, palynological and radiocarbon investigations of estuarine deposits in Co. Down indicate that the maximum of the post-glacial relative sea-level rise was shortly before 3,000 B.P. when high-water reached to 12 ft. (c. 3.6 m.) above present mean sea-level. The regression since the maximum is apparently of the order of 4 ft. (c. 1.2 m.). These findings stand in contrast to earlier tentative conclusions from open coast 'raised beach' studies that the sea rose at its maximum to c. 22 ft. (6.46 m.) above mean sea-level before 5,000 B.P.
A Miospore assemblage from the Liassic coal of Cresten, Austria
Authors: Singh H.P.
Published: September 2022

A dispersed miospore assemblage comprising 10 miospore genera and 14 species, of which 4 species are new, has been described from the Liassic coal of Cresten, Austria. The mioflora is qualitatively impoverished and peculiar by lacking the nonstriated saccate pollen grains which are so well associated with other miofloras of the comparable age. A brief comparison of this assemblage has been given with comparable miofloras. From this, it appears that the present assemblage may be an incomplete representation of the whole mioflora of its time.
Cycadites Rajmahalensis Oldham from the Rajmahal Hills, Bihar
Authors: Bose M.N.
Published: September 2022

The present paper gives a new diagnosis of Cycadites rajmahalensis Oldham from Bindaban, Rajmahal hills, Bihar.
Palynological Evidence on the Presence of Lower Triassic in the Danubean (Moesian) Platform, Rumania
Authors: Venkatachala B.S. , Beju D. , Kar R.K.
Published: September 2022

A palynological assemblage recovered from Calugareni and Viisoara in the Danubean platform, north-west of Bucharest. Rumania is described and assigned Buntsandstein (Lower Triassic) age.
Woody Tissue Resembling the woods of Ebenaceae in the Microstructure of Neyveli Lignite
Authors: Navale G.K.B.
Published: September 2022

While studying the microstructure of Neyveli lignite, the author recognized a fossil dicotyledonous wood structure resembling the woods of Ebenaceae (Diospyros or Maba) in the woody portion of the lignite. The present paper records the microscopic study of the woody structure.
Palynology of the Barren Measures Sequence from Jharia Coalfield, Bihar, India. 2. General Palynology
Authors: Kar R.K.
Published: September 2022

The present paper deals with the palynological studies of the Barren Measures Succession of Jharia Coalfield through a bore-core of 3926 ft. The spores and pollen grains obtained from the material have been placed into 38 genera. The striated bisaccate pollen grains are dominating in the present preparation. The assemblage has also been compared with the various stages of the Lower Gondwana of India. A conclusion has also been drawn regarding the paucity of the spores and pollen in the Barren Measures Succession.
Some Further Observations and Remarks on Araucarioxylon Daintreeii Chapman
Authors: Maithy P.K.
Published: September 2022

Some further observations on the anatomical structure of Araucarioxylon daintreeii are made and on basis of the study it is suggested to retain A. daintreeii a distinct species.
Some Plant Remains from the Upper Gondwana of East Coast, India
Authors: Jain K.P.
Published: September 2022

Description of a few fossil plant remains, recently collected from Athgarh and Vemavaram along the East Coast of India, forms the subject of the present paper. Here, for the first time a new species of Phlebopteris, (P. athgarhensis) in association with Rhizomopteris ballii Feistm., has been recorded from Athgarh.
Palynology of the Kathwai Shales Salt Range, West Pakistan. 1. Shales 25 Ft. above the Talchir Boulder Bed
Authors: Venkatachala B.S. , Kar R.K.
Published: September 2022

The present paper deals with the reinvestigation of the study by Virkki (1945) on the Palynology of shales, 25 ft. above the Talchir Boulder bed at Kathwai, Salt Range, W. Pakistan. The spores and pollen recovered have been referred to 28 genera and 33 species.
Sur la Presence D'une Euphorbiaceae Fossile Dans le Senonien Superieur Du Sud Tunisien: Euphor. Bioxylon Bussonii n. sp.
Authors: Koeniguer J.C.
Published: September 2022

In this paper is described a fossil wood from the Upper Cretaceous of the Tunisian Sahara. It belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae. This confirms the presence of the Euphorbiaceae in Africa as early as the Upper Cretaceous.
On a new Petrified Palm Wood from Mohgaon Kalan Area
Authors: Menon V.K.
Published: September 2022

A petrified Falm stem M 115 with roots attached to has been described in detail. A comparison is made with Palmoxylon sclerodermum Sahni, P. surangei Lakhanpal and P. kraeuselii Rao & Menon, all with attached roots. The stern and root structure vary in all these and M 115 cannot be definitely referred to any of these species. The structure and organization of the fibrovascular bundles and ground tissue in M 115 however, is very similar to those of a petrified palm petiole, Palmacaulon raoi Menon, also from Mohgaon Kalan area. Because of its close resemblance with Palmocaulon raoi, M 115 is designated Palmoxylon raoi. It is not unlikely that the two represent the petiole and the stern of the same species of a fossil palm.
Palynology of the North Karanpura Basin, Bihar, India- 2. Barakar Exposures near Lungatoo, Hazaribagh District
Authors: Venkatachala B.S. , Kar R.K.
Published: September 2022

The present paper deals with the palynological investigation of Barakar exposures near Lungatoo, Hazaribagh District, Bihar, India. 34 spore pollen genera and 62 species have been recovered from the sediments, out of which 11 species are new. The new species have been described and illustrated. The present assemblage is comparable to "Zone C" of the Barakar assemblage described by the authors (1968a).
Studies in the Glossopteris Flora of India- 37. Further Contribution to the Miospore Assemblage of the Coal-Bearing Beds of the Umaria Coalfield, Madhya Pradesh
Authors: Maithy P.K.
Published: September 2022

15 species of miospores belonging to twelve genera are described from the shales of the coal-bearing beds of the Umaria Coalfield. The evidences of miospores further substantiates the fact that the coal-bearing beds are homotaxial to the Karharbari Stage of the Giridih Coalfield.
Palynology of the North Karanpura Basin, Bihar,India- 3. Raniganj Exposure near Lungatoo, Hazaribagh District
Authors: Kar R.K.
Published: September 2022

The present paper consists of palynological investigation of a Raniganj exposure near Lungatoo, in Hazaribagh district, Bihar, India. 34 dispersed spore-pollen genera and 47 species have been recovered from the material and only the new species have been systematically described. The histograms have been drawn to show the distribution of different spore-pollen genera in the assemblage and have been compared with the other known Indian Upper Permian assemblages.
Studies in the Glossopteris Flora of India- 38. Remarks on Trizygia Speciosa Royle with Reference to the Genus Sphenophyllum Koenig
Authors: Maheshwari H.K.
Published: September 2022

On the basis of morphographical, epidermal and palaeogeographical differences it is proposed to separate Sphenophyllum speciosllm (Royle, 1839) M'Clelland, 1850 from the genus Sphenophyllum Koenig and revert to the original nomenclature, i.e. Trizygia speciosa Royle, 1839.
Palynology of the Barren Measures Sequence from Jharia Coalfield, Bihar, India-3. Studies on the Megaspores
Authors: Kar R.K.
Published: September 2022

The present paper deals with the megaspores recovered from the surface samples of the Barren Measures Succession from Jharia Coalfield, Bihar. Four genera and 6 species have been described and compared with the other megaspore assemblages from the Lower Gondwanas.
On the occurrence of microremains from the Vindhyan formations of India
Authors: Maithy P.K.
Published: September 2022

The present paper deals with the occurrence of “acritarchs", Leiosphaeridia, Protoleiosphaeridiun, Retispheridium, Tasmanites and an algal remain Gloeocapsemorpha from the Kaimur Series (Vindhyans) of Ramapura, Madhya Pradesh. With this some remark on the age of Vindhyans is put forth.
Reappraisal of some subsaccate fossil pollen genera
Authors: Singh H.P. , Kumar Pramod
Published: September 2022

Tsugaepollenites (Potoni6 & Venitz) Potonie 1958, Cerebropollenites (Nilsson) emend. and Triangulbpsis (Doring) emend. have been morphographically studied in this paper. Cerebropollenites and Triangulopsis which were formerly grouped under Tsugaepollenites by Dettmann (1963) have been excluded from its limits and evidence has been adduced for this treatment. 6 new species under Tsugaepollenites, 1 new species under Cerebropollenites and 2 new species under Triangulopsis have been described from the coals of the Jabalpur Series of India.
Palynology of the Mesozoic sediments of Kutch, w. India - 2. Bhujiasporites gen. nov., a new trilete spore genus
Authors: Venkatachala B.S. , Kar R.K. , Raza S.
Published: September 2022

Gulate spores with a beaked meridional outline and raised trilete mark and prominent distal ornamentation are described under a new generic name Bhujiasporites. The spores are recovered from the Bhuj Stage (Lower Cretaceous) of Kutch, India.
Palynology of the Tertiary sediments in Kutch - 2 Epiphyllous fungal remains from the bore-hole no. 14
Authors: Venkatachala B.S. , Kar R.K.
Published: September 2022

The present paper deals with some epiphyllous fungal remains from the bore-hole no. 14, drilled near Matanamadh, Kutch, Gujarat, India. Phragmothyrites sp. ct. P. eocaenicus Edwards, Pseudosphaerialites gen. novo and Sphaerialites gen. novo are described.
Palynology of the Mesozoic sediments of Kutch - 4. Spores and pollen from the Bhuj exposures near Bhuj, Gujarat district
Authors: Venkatachala B.S.
Published: September 2022

The present paper deals with the palynology of Bhuj sediments exposed on the banks of Pur and Pat rivers near Bhuj, Kutch. 3 sections were measured and samples collected for systematic study.

The assemblage is dominated by Impardecispora, Applanopsis and Araucariacites; Laricoidites and Schizosporis are frequently found while Concavissimisporites, Bhujiasporites, Matonisporites, Boseisporites and Alisporites are rare.
Some new miospores from Barakar stage, Lower Gondwana, India
Authors: Bharadwaj D.C. , Srivastava S.C.
Published: September 2022

Three new miospore genera, viz. Callumispora, Brevitriletes and Pseudoreticulatispora have been described from the Barakar Stage (Lower Permian) of Lower Gondwana Formations, India. Callumispora is a thick and intrapunctate exined, spherical, trilete spore with pits and verrucae in the inter-ray area. Brevitriletes is spinose sculptured distally only. Pseudoreticulatispora is a trilete, triangular spore with the exine uniformly pitted and the pit bottoms connected with those adjacent, through canals, giving an overall effect of a reticulate pattern to the exine in low magnifications.
On a fossil species of Diplodia from the Deccan Intertrappean Series, M.P., India
Authors: Mahabale T.S.
Published: September 2022

Some well-preserved two-celled, purple spores of a fossil fungus were found in group in the decaying tissues of leaf and bits of other parts in an intertrappean chert collected at Mohgaon Kalan (Dist. Chhindwara, M.P., Horizon-Tertiary, Age Eocene). They were 17.5-18 µ x 7.5 µ and seemed to have come out from a pycnidium. They were borne terminally, singly, on septate mycelium. Comparing their characters, double nature, size and colour, so very well preserved in the chert, they seem to have belonged to the genus Diplodia and are named as Diplodia rodei n. sp. after Professor K. P. Rode of the University of Udaipur*.

Some well-preserved two-celled, purple spores of a fossil fungus were found in group in the decaying tissues of leaf and bits of other parts in an intertrappean chert collected at Mohgaon Kalan (Dist. Chhindwara, M.P., Horizon-Tertiary, Age Eocene). They were 17.5-18 µ x 7.5 µ and seemed to have come out from a pycnidium. They were borne terminally, singly, on septate mycelium. Comparing their characters, double nature, size and colour, so very well preserved in the chert, they seem to have belonged to the genus Diplodia and are named as Diplodia rodei n. sp. after Professor K. P. Rode of the University of Udaipur*.

Some well-preserved two-celled, purple spores of a fossil fungus were found in group in the decaying tissues of leaf and bits of other parts in an intertrappean chert collected at Mohgaon Kalan (Dist. Chhindwara, M.P., Horizon-Tertiary, Age Eocene). They were 17.5-18 µ x 7.5 µ and seemed to have come out from a pycnidium. They were borne terminally, singly, on septate mycelium. Comparing their characters, double nature, size and colour, so very well preserved in the chert, they seem to have belonged to the genus Diplodia and are named as Diplodia rodei n. sp. after Professor K. P. Rode of the University of Udaipur*.

Some well-preserved two-celled, purple spores of a fossil fungus were found in group in the decaying tissues of leaf and bits of other parts in an intertrappean chert collected at Mohgaon Kalan (Dist. Chhindwara, M.P., Horizon-Tertiary, Age Eocene). They were 17.5-18 µ x 7.5 µ and seemed to have come out from a pycnidium. They were borne terminally, singly, on septate mycelium. Comparing their characters, double nature, size and colour, so very well preserved in the chert, they seem to have belonged to the genus Diplodia and are named as Diplodia rodei n. sp. after Professor K. P. Rode of the University of Udaipur*.
Studies on the fossil gymnosperms of India - Part 1. A new species of Mesembrioxylon, M. mahabalei sp. nov.
Authors: Agashe S.N.
Published: September 2022

In the present paper Mesembrioxylon mahabalei sp. novo has been described from Tiruvakkarai; a village 14 miles N.W. of Pondicherry. This species has some resemblance with M. Sahnii and M. tiruvakkaraianum described by Ramanujam (1953) from the same horizon.
On some species of Rouseisporites Pocock occurring in the Jabalpur Series (Lower Cretaceous) of India
Authors: Singh H.P.
Published: September 2022

The occurrence of Rouseisporites Pocock and its potential usefulness in dating the Jabalpur Series of India has been discussed in detail by Singh (1966). In the present paper, 4 new species have been assigned to the genus Rouseisporites Pocock. The flask-shaped to conical invagination of the zona in each radial region of the spore, as reported by its original author, has been found to be useful in the identification of Rouseisporites.
Palynology of the Mesozoic sediments of Kutch, W. India. 10. Palynological zonation of Katrol (Upper Jurassic) and Bhuj (Lower Cretaceous) sediments in Kutch, Gujarat
Authors: Venkatachala B.S. , Kar R.K.
Published: September 2022

Sporological study of 21 bore-core coal samples from Bhatgaon, Khargaon and Songara blocks of Bisrampur coalfield, M.P., has been done. The qualitative as well as quantitative distribution of various palyno-taxa among the samples, has suggested the occurrence of four distinct miospore assemblages. Assemblage-A is marked by the higher representation of Microbaculispora associated with Dentatispora. Assemblage-B is characterized by the dominance of Indotriradites, while Assemblage-C has the dominance of Brevitriletes in association with Sulcatisporites and Assemblage-D is dominated by an association of Brevitriletes, and Horriditriletes. These four palynological assemblages suggest the occurrence of four coal seams among the samples investigated.
Sporological correlation of coal seams in Bisrampur coalfield, M.P., India
Authors: Bharadwaj D.C. , Srivastava S.C.
Published: September 2022

Sporological study of 21 bore-core coal samples from Bhatgaon, Khargaon and Songara blocks of Bisrampur coalfield, M.P., has been done. The qualitative as well as quantitative distribution of various palyno-taxa among the samples, has suggested the occurrence of four distinct miospore assemblages. Assemblage-A is marked by the higher representation of Microbaculispora associated with Dentatispora. Assemblage-B is characterized by the dominance of Indotriradites, while Assemblage-C has the dominance of Brevitriletes in association with Sulcatisporites and Assemblage-D is dominated by an association of Brevitriletes, and Horriditriletes. These four palynological assemblages suggest the occurrence of four coal seams among the samples investigated.
Fossil microplankton from the Langpar formation of Therriaghat, South Shillong Plateau, Assam, India
Authors: Sah S.C.D. , Kar R.K. , Singh R.Y.
Published: September 2022

Extensive search for plant microfossils in the Langpar sediments of Shillong Plateau has resulted in the recovery of a rich palynological assemblage from a green calcareous shale exposed along the eastern bank of the Umsohryngkew river, Therriaghat. Only the microplankton remains have been recorded and illustrated in this paper. The assemblage comprises 13 species assigned to 11 genera. Two genera, viz. Achomosphaera Evitt (1963) and Hystrichosphaeridium (Deflan.) Dav. & Will. (1966) are dominant while the genera Leptodinium Klem. (1960), Baltisphaeridium Eisen. (1958), Apteodinium Eisen. (1958) and Fromea Cook. & Eisen. (1958) are meagrely represented.
Further contribution to our knowledge of Dicotylirhizos sahnii Rao
Authors: Chitaley S.D. , Sheikh M.T. , Rao A.R.
Published: September 2022

The paper gives additional information about the root anatomy of Dicotylirhizos sahnii Rao based on a study of three petrified specimens collected from Mohgaonkalan beds of the Deccan Intertrappean series of India. The secondary wood is described in detail from transverse, radial and tangential sections.
Fossil woods from the Tertiary of Eastern India, 11
Authors: Prakash U. , Awasthi N.
Published: September 2022

The present paper consists of the revision of five species of fossil dipterocarpaceous woods, viz. Dipterocarpoxylon indicum, Shoreoxylon holdeni, S. mortandranse, S. megaporosum and Anisopteroxylon cuddalorense, described by Ramanujam (1956, 1960) from the Tertiary of South India, near Pondicherry, South Arcot district, Tamil Nadu (Madras). On re-investigation these were found very similar to the wood structure of the genus Dryobalanops Gaertn. f. and hence transferred to the genus DryobalanoxyIon Den Berger. The first species, i.e. Dipterocarpoxylon indicum, is renamed as Dryobalanoxylon indicum (Ramanujam) comb. nov., and the remaining four species, found identical with each other, are placed under Dryobalanoxylon holdeni (Ramanujam) comb. nov.
On fossil flora of Ganjra nalla beds: Part II - Microflora (A) dispersed spores and pollen grains
Authors: Saksena Shivdayal
Published: September 2022

Carbonaceous, micaceous shales from Ganjra nalla beds (Permo-Carboniferous) of South Rewa Gondwana basin Central India, on maceration yielded a very rich microflora consisting of cuticles, tracheids and spores. Single spore mounts of about 375 microspores and 35 megaspores were prepared. These were placed into 66 species under 19 genera. In the first instance the system of classification proposed by Schopf, Wilson and Bentall was followed but later on it was felt that till the accumulation of sufficient data it would be better to arrange the dispersed spores according to their morphographic characters in a purely artificial system. Hence in the present paper many ill-defined spores have been left out, and the remaining 102 dispersed spores have been arranged according to the system proposed by Potonie and Kremp (1954) and Potonie (1958, 1960) into 35 genera and 47 species.

The shales are crowded with the leaf impressions of Noeggerathiopsis hislopi, and several species of Glossopteris, which come next in frequency to Noeggerathiopsis hislopi. Impressions of Gangamopteris cyclopteroides, Phyllotheca and Samaropsis are also met with.

Microspores of the genera Plicatipollenites, Parasaccites, Florinites, Illinites, Potonieisporites and Cuneatisporites are in abundance. But I feel that the correlation of megafossils, which are generally arranged in a natural system, with the microfossils arranged in a purely artificial system does not seem to be quite justified, and hence no attempt has been made.
Barakaroxylon monocanalosum sp. nov. from Jharia coalfield
Authors: Kulkarni Shaila
Published: September 2022

A new species Barakaroxylon moncanalosum has been described. It is characterized by the presence of one central canal in the pith as opposed to B. jhariense which is characterized by a central canal and a number of peripheral canals.
An Upper Devonian Mioflora from new Albany Shale, Kentucky, U.S.A.
Authors: Bharadwaj D.C. , Tiwari R.S. , Venkatachala B.S.
Published: September 2022

The palynological contents of New Albany Shale, Kentucky, U.S.A. have been analysed to reveal 17 species of trilete spores and 17 species of alete sphaeromorphs, hystrichospherids and Chitinozoa. Two new genera and 22 new species have been described.

Among the trilete spores, Cymbosporites (11 %) is associated with Fossulatisporites (10%), Auroraspora (3%) together with Ancyrospora and Hystricosporites (1% each). Among the acritarchs, Leiosphaeridia (40%), Tasmanites (10%) and Baltisphaeridium (6%) are the most prominent.

The trilete spores and the associated acritarchs suggest a Famennian age for the New Albany Shales.
Palynological interpretations of Palaeoenvironments with reference to India
Authors: Sah S.C.D. , Kar R.K.
Published: September 2022

The recent growth and development of Palynology have clearly demonstrated that palynological fossils can be successfully used in determining palaeoenvironments. The present day distribution of plants shows that certain environments are characterized by particular plant communities’ peculiar to them. This is also broadly reflected in the general correspondance between the vegetational units and the climatic zones of the world. The environmental conditions under which the fossil plants lived are interpreted from the habitats under which their modern equivalents live.

Some of the palaeoenvironments indicated by palynological fossils are - (1) basin of deposition; (2) sea-land level changes; (3) ancient shore lines; (4) distance from land; (5) source or direction of plants; (6) climatic changes and seasonal variations; (7) orogeny; (8) migration of plants; (9) minor changes in topography, stream patterns; (10) biotic factors etc. Palynological evidences indicating palaeoenvironments during Quaternary, Tertiary, Mesozoic and Palaeozoic Eras of India have been brought forth.
Fossil woods of Careya and Barringtonia from the Tertiary of Assam
Authors: Prakash U. , Tripathi P.P.
Published: September 2022

Fossil woods resembling those of Careya and Barringtonia of the family Lecythidaceae are described here from the Tertiary (Miocene) of Assam. These were collected from the Tipam sandstones near the town of Hailakandi (24°26' N; 92°32' E) in district Cachar. Modern equivalents of these fossils are still found in the forests of Assam.
Sporae Dispersae from Jhingurdah Seam Singrauli Coalfield (M.P.), India
Authors: Sinha Veena
Published: September 2022

Jhingurdah seam, the top most seam of Singrauli Coalfield, Madhya Pradesh has been sporologically investigated. The Sporae dispersae represented in this seam consists of a large variety of trilete, monolete, monosaccate, disaccate and alete miospores. In all 110 species belonging to 49 genera have been described, out of which 35 species are new. The fundamental approach behind the generic and specific circumscriptions is based upon the detailed study of various morphographic characters borne by different individuals.
Sporae Dispersae in the Coals of Pench-Kanhan and Pathakhera coalfield (M.P.), India
Authors: Anand-Prakash
Published: September 2022

The present paper contains a systematic description of the miospore assemblage recovered from the Lower Gondwana coals of Pench-Kanhan and Pathakhera coalfields. It has been referred to 37 genera and 61 species out of which 5 species are new. The morphographic characters of the new species have been described in detail.
ANALISIS GANGGUAN SISTEM PENGENDALI LAMPU NAVIGASI PADA KRI FATAHILLAH 361
Authors: Muhammah Anisatul , Hidayat Edy Prasetyo , Arfianto Afif Zuhri
Published: September 2022

KRI Fatahillah merupakan kapal perang jenis perusak kapal berpeluru kendali milik TNI AL. Kapal tersebut yang dibuat oleh galangan kapal Wilton- Fijenoord, Schiedam, Belanda pada tahun 1979. KRI Fatahillah 361 bertugas

sebagai armada pemukul dengan kemampuan melumpuhkan kan permukaan, kapal selam dan pesawat udara.

Instalasi penerangan navigasi KRI Fatahillah menggunakan dua power supply sebagai sumber tegangan. Tegangan pertama yaitu tegangan AC 115 Volt yang dirubah menjadi tegangan DC 24 Volt menggunakan trafo step-down dan tegangan kedua adalah DC 24 Volt sebagai tegangan darurat apabila tegangan utama mengalami blackout/gangguan. Instalasi sistem pengendali penerangan navigasi mengalami kerusakan pada bebarapa komponen yaitu trafo, lampu navigasi, kabel, fuse dan fiting lampu sehingga dilakukan perbaikan dengan cara menggulung/melilit kembali trafo yang terbakar, mengganti lampu dan fuse yang putus, mengganti kabel dan fiting lampu yang rusak, cara mengatasi masalah/gangguan pada instalasi sistem pengendali penerangan navigasi KRI Fatahillah 361 dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penyelesaian masalah, observasi/pengamatan dan eksperimen.

Kata Kunci : Gangguan, Komponen, Lampu Navigasi, Sistem pengendali, Power Supply.
Exploring the Reality of Employee Voice in the Saudi Context: Evidence from the Private Sector
Authors: Adham Ayman
Published: September 2022

This research explores the current state of employee voice in the Saudi context with the aim of understanding workers’ behaviours and managers’ practices regarding participation and involvement in decision making. The empirical findings from the in-depth qualitative case study show that employees are barely heard by the line managers, and they are only informed of the decisions made by the management. The evidence reveals that only the highest managerial level is formally involved in decision making. On the other hand, participation does not take place at the department level with staff workers. The interviews show there is no place for discussions between staff workers and supervisors related to the workload, satisfaction, and wages. This has resulted in workers reducing efforts and noticeable and gradual increase in absenteeism and turnover. This article argues firms in Saudi Arabia can create a work environment that encourages line managers to be more receptive to employee voice. This can be achieved through forming labour committees and reducing the intensity of the authoritarian managerial style to allow for workers to convey their work-related concerns more openly and directly.