bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Logical states for fault-tolerant quantum computation with propagating light
Authors: Konno Shunya , Asavanant Warit , Hanamura Fumiya , Nagayoshi Hironari , Fukui Kosuke , Sakaguchi Atsushi , Ide Ryuhoh , China Fumihiro , Yabuno Masahiro , Miki Shigehito , Terai Hirotaka , Takase Kan , Endo Mamoru , Marek Petr , Filip Radim , van Loock Peter , Furusawa Akira
Published: January 2024

To harness the potential of a quantum computer, quantum information must be protected against error by encoding it into a logical state that is suitable for quantum error correction. The Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) qubit is a promising candidate because the required multiqubit operations are readily available at optical frequency. To date, however, GKP qubits have been demonstrated only at mechanical and microwave frequencies. We realized a GKP state in propagating light at telecommunication wavelength and verified it through homodyne measurements without loss corrections. The generation is based on interference of cat states, followed by homodyne measurements. Our final states exhibit nonclassicality and non-Gaussianity, including the trident shape of faint instances of GKP states. Improvements toward brighter, multipeaked GKP qubits will be the basis for quantum computation with light.
Effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors on serum uric acid levels in patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Linli , Zhang Fan , Bai Yan , Huang Liuyan , Zhong Yifei , Zhang Xianwen
Published: January 2024

Elevated serum uric acid levels are an independent predictor of occurrence and development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and are strongly associated with prognosis. Several clinical trials have demonstrated the benefits of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors. To evaluate and rank the effects and safety of various SGLT-2 for serum uric acid levels in patients with CKD. We performed a systematic PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science search, including studies published before July 1, 2023. Two researchers independently extracted data on study characteristics and outcomes and assessed study quality using the Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias tool 2. Thegemtcpackage of R software was used to perform network meta-analysis within a Bayesian framework. The primary outcome was serum uric acid levels, and the secondary outcome was adverse events. Effect sizes are reported as standardized mean differences (SMDs), risk ratio (RR), and 95% CI, respectively. The certainty of evidence was evaluated using Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) criteria. Eight RCTs (9367 participants) were included in this meta-analysis. The results of the paired meta-analysis showed that SGLT-2 inhibitors significantly reduced serum uric acid levels in patients with CKD compared with the placebo group (SMD −0.22; 95% CI −0.42 to –0.03; GRADE: low). Pooled analysis of any adverse events reported in the included studies showed similar incidence rates in the SGLT-2 inhibitor and placebo groups (RR: 0.99; 95% CI 0.97 to 1.00; p=0.147; GRADE: high). Subgroup analysis showed a statistically significant difference only for tofogliflozin. Further network meta-analysis showed that dapagliflozin 10 mg and ipragliflozin 50 mg may be the most effective in reducing uric acid levels. SGLT-2 inhibitors significantly reduced serum uric acid levels in patients with CKD, and dapagliflozin 10 mg and ipragliflozin 50 mg may be the optimal dosages. SGLT-2 inhibitors hold great promise as an antidiabetic therapeutic option for patients with CKD who have elevated serum uric acid levels. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023456581.
Abortion stigma among abortion seekers, healthcare professionals and the public in high-income countries: A mixed-methods systematic review protocol
Authors: Bernard Marie , Niemann Jana , Weinhold Laura , Jepsen Dennis , Miani Celine , Luck-Sikorski Claudia
Published: January 2024

Introduction

Abortion is a crucial sexual and reproductive right. However, the legal situation of pregnancy termination is rather heterogeneous across countries and regions. The political climate and cultural perception may result in abortion-related stigma. This mixed-methods systematic review protocol aims to detail the proposed methods for assessing the current state of research on abortion stigma in high-income countries from an abortion seeker, healthcare provider and public perspective.

Methods and analysis

Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols guideline, we conducted a systematic literature search of peer-reviewed studies from high-income countries in relevant electronic databases: PubMed, CINHAL, PsycINFO, LIVIVO and Cochrane Library. Qualitative, quantitative and mixed-method studies that measured or examined abortion-related stigma in abortion seekers, healthcare professionals and the general public will be included. Assessment of risk of bias, data synthesis and qualitative meta-aggregation will be carried out.

Ethics and dissemination

The results of the systematic review will be submitted to peer-reviewed journals and presented at relevant conferences.
Cohort profile: Born in Wales—a birth cohort with maternity, parental and child data linkage for life course research in Wales, UK
Authors: Jones Hope , Seaborne Mike J , Kennedy Natasha L , James Michaela , Dredge Sam , Bandyopadhyay Amrita , Battaglia Adele , Davies Sarah , Brophy Sinead
Published: January 2024

Purpose

Using Wales’s national dataset for maternity and births as a core dataset, we have linked related datasets to create a more complete and comprehensive entire country birth cohort. Data of anonymised identified persons are linked on the individual level to data from health, social care and education data within the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) Databank. Each individual is assigned an encrypted Anonymised Linking Field; this field is used to link anonymised individuals across datasets. We present the descriptive data available in the core dataset, and the future expansion plans for the database beyond its initial development stage.

Participants

Descriptive information from 2011 to 2023 has been gathered from the National Community Child Health Database (NCCHD) in SAIL. This comprehensive dataset comprises over 400 000 child electronic records. Additionally, survey responses about health and well-being from a cross-section of the population including 2500 parents and 30 000 primary school children have been collected for enriched personal responses and linkage to the data spine.

Findings to date

The electronic cohort comprises all children born in Wales since 2011, with follow-up conducted until they finish primary school at age 11. The child cohort is 51%: 49% female: male, and 7.8% are from ethnic minority backgrounds. When considering age distribution, 26.8% of children are under the age of 5, while 63.2% fall within the age range of 5–11.

Future plans

Born in Wales will expand by 30 000 new births annually in Wales (in NCCHD), while including follow-up data of children and parents already in the database. Supplementary datasets complement the existing linkage, including primary care, hospital data, educational attainment and social care. Future research includes exploring the long-term implications of COVID-19 on child health and development, and examining the impact of parental work environment on child health and development.
Mothers working to prevent early stillbirth study (MiNESS 20–28): a case–control study protocol
Authors: Heazell Alexander Edward , Wilkinson Jack , Morris R Katie , Simpson Nigel , Smith Lucy K , Stacey Tomasina , Storey Claire , Higgins Lucy
Published: January 2024

Introduction

In the UK, 1600 babies die every year before, during or immediately after birth at 20–28 weeks’ gestation. This bereavement has a similar impact on parental physical and psychological well-being to late stillbirth (>28 weeks’ gestation). Improved understanding of potentially modifiable risk factors for late stillbirth (including supine going-to-sleep position) has influenced international clinical practice. Information is now urgently required to similarly inform clinical practice and aid decision-making by expectant mothers/parents, addressing inequalities in pregnancy loss between 20 and 28 weeks.

Methods and analysis

This study focuses on what portion of risk of pregnancy loss 20–28 weeks’ gestation is associated with exposures amenable to public health campaigns/antenatal care adaptation. A case–control study of non-anomalous singleton baby loss (via miscarriage, stillbirth or early neonatal death) 20+0to 27+6(n=316) and randomly selected control pregnancies (2:1 ratio; n=632) at group-matched gestations will be conducted. Data is collected via participant recall (researcher-administered questionnaire) and extraction from contemporaneous medical records. Unadjusted/confounder-adjusted ORs will be calculated. Exposures associated with early stillbirth at OR≥1.5 will be detectable (p<0.05, β>0.80) assuming exposure prevalence of 30%–60%.

Ethics and dissemination

NHS research ethical approval has been obtained from the London—Seasonal research ethics committee (23/LO/0622). The results will be presented at international conferences and published in peer-reviewed open-access journals. Information from this study will enable development of antenatal care and education for healthcare professionals and pregnant people to reduce risk of early stillbirth.

Trial registration number

NCT06005272.
Use of coronarycomputed tomography for cardiovascular risk assessment in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases
Authors: Peverelli Marta , Maughan Robert T , Gopalan Deepa , Dweck Marc R , Dey Damini , Buch Maya H , Rudd James H F , Tarkin Jason M
Published: January 2024

Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) are recognised risk factors for accelerated atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD), particularly in younger individuals and women who lack traditional CVD risk factors. Reflective of the critical role that inflammation plays in the formation, progression and rupture of atherosclerotic plaques, research into immune mechanisms of CVD has led to the identification of a range of therapeutic targets that are the subject of ongoing clinical trials. Several key inflammatory pathways implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis are targeted in people with IMIDs. However, cardiovascular risk continues to be systematically underestimated by conventional risk assessment tools in the IMID population, resulting in considerable excess CVD burden and mortality. Hence, there is a pressing need to improve methods for CVD risk-stratification among patients with IMIDs, to better guide the use of statins and other prognostic interventions. CT coronary angiography (CTCA) is the current first-line investigation for diagnosing and assessing the severity of coronary atherosclerosis in many individuals with suspected angina. Whether CTCA is also useful in the general population for reclassifying asymptomatic individuals and improving long-term prognosis remains unknown. However, in the context of IMIDs, it is conceivable that the information provided by CTCA, including state-of-the-art assessments of coronary plaque, could be an important clinical adjunct in this high-risk patient population. This narrative review discusses the current literature about the use of coronary CT for CVD risk-stratification in three of the most common IMIDs including rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and systemic lupus erythematosus.
Depth-Guided Filtering-Based Null-Domain Background Suppression for Graphic Image Enhancement in Visual Communication Design
Authors: Xia Tian
Published: January 2024

Background noise, for example, can influence the outcome of target recognition in the visual communication design of weak target images, lowering the visual communication effect. In order to achieve this, this paper proposes a visual communication design method for weak target images based on spatiotemporal domain filtering. It uses guided filtering to smooth the image and raise the gray level of weak target points, and then obtains the background baseline of target points in the image sequence through the micro-partial equation to complete the image’s spatiotemporal domain background suppression. The best visual communication design result is achieved. The experimental findings demonstrate that the suggested approach has a good visual communication effect and that the pace of communication is not constrained by the size of the images.
Generalized relativistic transformations in Clifford spaces and their physical implications
Authors: Perelman Carlos Castro
Published: January 2024

A brief introduction of the Extended Relativity Theory in Clifford Spaces ([Formula: see text]-space) paves the way to the explicit construction of the generalized relativistic transformations of the Clifford multivector-valued coordinates in [Formula: see text]-spaces. The most general transformations furnish a full mixing of the grades of the multivector-valued coordinates. The transformations of the multivector-valued momenta follow leading to an invariant generalized mass [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text]-spaces which differs from [Formula: see text]. No longer the proper mass appearing in the relativistic dispersion relation [Formula: see text] remains invariant under the generalized relativistic transformations. It is argued how this finding might shed some light into the cosmological constant problem, dark energy, and dark matter. We finalize with some concluding remarks about extending these transformations to phase spaces and about Born reciprocal relativity. An appendix is included with the most general (anti) commutators of the Clifford algebra multivector generators.
Cosmic expansion history analysis with Hubble parametrization in Qn gravity
Authors: Koussour M. , Myrzakulov N.
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we propose a specialized parameterization for the Hubble parameter, inspired by [Formula: see text]CDM cosmology, to investigate the cosmic expansion history of the Universe. This parameterization is employed to analyze the universe’s late-time behavior within the context of [Formula: see text] gravity, where [Formula: see text] represents non-metricity. By using data from 57 Hubble data points, 1048 supernova (SNe) data points, and six Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) data points, we determine the optimal values for the model parameters. Additionally, we explore three distinct cosmological models based on the parameter [Formula: see text], specifically when it takes on the values of [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. The results of our analysis indicate that our proposed parameterization, along with the associated models for different values of [Formula: see text], predicts an accelerated cosmic expansion phase.
A Highly Distensible, Cable Loop-Driven Soft Robotic Gastric Simulator for Endoscopy Training
Authors: Lam Chun Ping , Zhang Yuelin , Yan Kim , Ding Qingpeng , Tang Raymond Shing-Yan , Cheng Shing Shin
Published: January 2024

With the increased demand for endoscopic diagnosis in the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract, gastric simulators have been developed for endoscopy training. However, most of them remain nonideal due to their static and nondistensible nature. This paper presents a new soft robotic gastric simulator, comprising mainly of a silicone-based stomach model that mimics the size and inner surface condition of a human stomach. It also features peristaltic effect on its stomach wall via five cable loop-driven mechanisms, sphincter mechanisms at two ends of the stomach model, and structural pathology phantoms that can be magnetically controlled for multi-location deployment. Finite element simulation of the stomach behavior was performed under different insufflation pressures to determine the cable loop mechanism design parameters. During the simulator evaluation, the performances of the sphincters and cable loop mechanisms were first characterized. The simulator was then actuated to provide sequential contraction across the stomach model at different contraction ratios, leading to intragastric pressures similar to those reported in the literature. Finally, a preliminary user study was performed to face validate the simulator in terms of its realism, usability, and usefulness for endoscopy training. It is envisioned that the soft robotic gastric simulator could be adopted in endoscopy training programs to replace the use of animal models.
Beyond the Tricks: The Science and Comparative Cognition of Magic
Authors: Garcia-Pelegrin Elias , Schnell Alexandra K. , Wilkins Clive , Clayton Nicola S.
Published: January 2024

Magic is an art form that has fascinated humans for centuries. Recently, the techniques used by magicians to make their audience experience the impossible have attracted the attention of psychologists, who, in just a couple of decades, have produced a large amount of research regarding how these effects operate, focusing on the blind spots in perception and roadblocks in cognition that magic techniques exploit. Most recently, this investigation has given a pathway to a new line of research that uses magic effects to explore the cognitive abilities of nonhuman animals. This new branch of the scientific study of magic has already yielded new evidence illustrating the power of magic effects as a psychological tool for nonhuman animals. This review aims to give a thorough overview of the research on both the human and nonhuman perception of magic effects by critically illustrating the most prominent works of both fields of inquiry.
What Makes the Gut-Lung Axis Working? From the Perspective of Microbiota and Traditional Chinese Medicine
Authors: Wang Hui , Wang Ying
Published: January 2024

Background. An increasing number of studies have proved that gut microbiota is involved in the occurrence and development of various lung diseases and can interact with the diseased lung. The concept of the gut-lung axis (GLA) provides a new idea for the subsequent clinical treatment of lung diseases through human microbiota. This review aims to summarize the microbiota in the lung and gut and the interaction between them from the perspectives of traditional Chinese medicine and modern medicine. Method. We conducted a literature search by using the search terms “GLA,” “gut microbiota,” “spleen,” and “Chinese medicine” in the databases PubMed, Web of Science, and CNKI. We then explored the mechanism of action of the gut-lung axis from traditional Chinese medicine and modern medicine. Results. The lung and gut microbiota enable the GLA to function through immune regulation, while metabolites of the gut microbiota also play an important role. The spleen can improve the gut microbiota to achieve the regulation of the GLA. Conclusion. Improving the gut microbiota through qi supplementation and spleen fortification provides a new approach to the clinical treatment of lung diseases by regulating the GLA. Currently, our understanding of the GLA is limited, and more research is needed to explain its working principle.
Cancer Mutations Converge on a Collection of Protein Assemblies to Predict Resistance to Replication Stress
Authors: Zhao Xiaoyu , Singhal Akshat , Park Sungjoon , Kong JungHo , Bachelder Robin , Ideker Trey
Published: January 2024

Rapid proliferation is a hallmark of cancer associated with sensitivity to therapeutics that cause DNA replication stress (RS). Many tumors exhibit drug resistance, however, via molecular pathways that are incompletely understood. Here, we develop an ensemble of predictive models that elucidate how cancer mutations impact the response to common RS-inducing (RSi) agents. The models implement recent advances in deep learning to facilitate multidrug prediction and mechanistic interpretation. Initial studies in tumor cells identify 41 molecular assemblies that integrate alterations in hundreds of genes for accurate drug response prediction. These cover roles in transcription, repair, cell-cycle checkpoints, and growth signaling, of which 30 are shown by loss-of-function genetic screens to regulate drug sensitivity or replication restart. The model translates to cisplatin-treated cervical cancer patients, highlighting an RTK–JAK–STAT assembly governing resistance. This study defines a compendium of mechanisms by which mutations affect therapeutic responses, with implications for precision medicine.

Significance:

Zhao and colleagues use recent advances in machine learning to study the effects of tumor mutations on the response to common therapeutics that cause RS. The resulting predictive models integrate numerous genetic alterations distributed across a constellation of molecular assemblies, facilitating a quantitative and interpretable assessment of drug response.

This article is featured in Selected Articles from This Issue, p. 384
Supplementary Figure S6 from FASN Gene Methylation is Associated with Fatty Acid Synthase Expression and Clinical-genomic Features of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Dairo Oluwademilade , DePaula Oliveira Lia , Schaffer Ethan , Vidotto Thiago , Mendes Adrianna A. , Lu Jiayun , Huynh Sophie Vo , Hicks Jessica , Sowalsky Adam G. , De Marzo Angelo M. , Joshu Corrine E. , Hanratty Brian , Sfanos Karen S. , Isaacs William B. , Haffner Michael C. , Lotan Tamara L.
Published: January 2024

Representative whole genome bisulfite sequencing in the WCDT cohort for TMPRSS2 and KLK3.
FIGURE 2 from FASN Gene Methylation is Associated with Fatty Acid Synthase Expression and Clinical-genomic Features of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Dairo Oluwademilade , DePaula Oliveira Lia , Schaffer Ethan , Vidotto Thiago , Mendes Adrianna A. , Lu Jiayun , Huynh Sophie Vo , Hicks Jessica , Sowalsky Adam G. , De Marzo Angelo M. , Joshu Corrine E. , Hanratty Brian , Sfanos Karen S. , Isaacs William B. , Haffner Michael C. , Lotan Tamara L.
Published: January 2024

FASN protein expression in tumor glands is inversely correlated with FASN gene methylation in tumor tissue in primary prostate tumors. A, Representative plots of beta values (range: 0–1) by FASN probe on InfiniumEPIC for three tumors among the lowest (blue, H-score range from 3–4) and highest (red, H-score range from 289–292) mean FASN protein expression in the JHU cohort. Mean FASN beta values are negatively correlated with FASN protein levels by immunostaining for tumors in JHU cohort (B) and with FASN protein levels by RPPA in TCGA cohort (C). Each point in B and C represents an individual tumor.
Data from FASN Gene Methylation is Associated with Fatty Acid Synthase Expression and Clinical-genomic Features of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Dairo Oluwademilade , DePaula Oliveira Lia , Schaffer Ethan , Vidotto Thiago , Mendes Adrianna A. , Lu Jiayun , Huynh Sophie Vo , Hicks Jessica , Sowalsky Adam G. , De Marzo Angelo M. , Joshu Corrine E. , Hanratty Brian , Sfanos Karen S. , Isaacs William B. , Haffner Michael C. , Lotan Tamara L.
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Fatty acid synthase (FASN) catalyzes the synthesis of long-chain saturated fatty acids and is overexpressed during prostatic tumorigenesis, where it is the therapeutic target in several ongoing trials. However, the mechanism of FASN upregulation in prostate cancer remains unclear. Here, we examine FASN gene CpG methylation pattern by InfiniumEPIC profiling and whole-genome bisulfite sequencing across multiple racially diverse primary and metastatic prostate cancer cohorts, comparing with FASN protein expression as measured by digitally quantified IHC assay and reverse phase protein array analysis or FASN gene expression. We demonstrate that the FASN gene body is hypomethylated and overexpressed in primary prostate tumors compared with benign tissue, and FASN gene methylation is significantly inversely correlated with FASN protein or gene expression in both primary and metastatic prostate cancer. Primary prostate tumors with ERG gene rearrangement have increased FASN expression and we find evidence of FASN hypomethylation in this context. FASN expression is also significantly increased in prostate tumors from carriers of the germline HOXB13 G84E mutation compared with matched controls, consistent with a report that HOXB13 may contribute to epigenetic regulation of FASN in vitro. However, in contrast to previous studies, we find no significant association of FASN expression or methylation with self-identified race in models that include ERG status across two independent primary tumor cohorts. Taken together, these data support a potential epigenetic mechanism for FASN regulation in the prostate which may be relevant for selecting patients responsive to FASN inhibitors.
Significance:
Here, we leverage multiple independent primary and metastatic prostate cancer cohorts to demonstrate that FASN gene body methylation is highly inversely correlated with FASN gene and protein expression. This finding may shed light on epigenetic mechanisms of FASN regulation in prostate cancer and provides a potentially useful biomarker for selecting patients in future trials of FASN inhibitors.
In-Silico Molecular Phylogeny of Philippine Myxomycetes using 18S rRNA and small subunit rRNA (SSU) Gene Sequences
Authors: Ong Christian Joseph , Clemente Richard , Alaijos Oliver , Pascual Lady Janine , Aguilar Russell Neil , Desacula Raizza
Published: January 2024

Myxomycetes, commonly called plasmodial slime molds, are eukaryotic organisms usually thriving on terrestrial ecosystems, manifesting attributes of fungi and protists. The current taxonomy of myxomycetes poses serious problems and does not clearly reflect the evolutionary relationships of this group. The literature on myxomycetes in the Philippines has primarily focused on species identification, ecological and diversity studies. However, no attempts have been made yet to elucidate the evolutionary relationships of this class using molecular evidence. The use of 18S rRNA and small subunit rRNA (SSU) sequences in this study to construct phylogenies has revealed that certain taxa, traditionally considered monophyletic, exhibit inconsistencies that warrant further investigation. However, the molecular evidence that supports the division of myxomycetes into two distinct groupings (Lucisporidia and Columellidia) according to spore color remains consistent with the constructed phylogeny using 18S rRNA gene sequences. Therefore, the present study aims to assess Philippine myxomycetes' diversity and evolutionary relationships. In addition, the study aims to compare the conventional taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of myxomycetes species in the Philippines using two molecular barcode markers - the 18S rRNA and SSU sequences. The study demonstrated that it is not always possible for morphology to agree with molecular data. On the other hand, molecular data can be more beneficial in reconstructing phylogenies but only to a certain extent and should be further evaluated.
Antibacterial Activities of Fungal Endophytes from Philippine Endemic Plant Dillenia philippinensis
Authors: Española Seraphim Marie , Resurreccion Maria Criselda , Espiritu Llewelyn
Published: January 2024

Fungal endophytes represent a group of microorganisms that establish symbiotic associations with plants and hold significant ecological importance. Their ability to produce a diverse array of biologically active secondary metabolites has garnered considerable interest in the search for novel drug leads. In this study a total of 33 fungal endophytes were isolated from leaf specimens of the Philippine endemic tree Dillenia philippinensis (Rolfe). The morphological characterization of the fungal isolates revealed their taxonomic affiliation with the following eight genera: Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp., Geotrichum sp., Guignardia sp., Nigrospora sp., Paecilomyces sp., Pestalotiopsis sp., and Phialophora sp. A representative set of 22 fungal endophyte isolates was selected from the pool of isolates and subjected to large-scale cultivation, followed by extraction of their bioactive metabolites through liquid-submerged fermentation. The resulting crude extracts were evaluated for their inhibitory potential against two Gram-positive bacteria, namely Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA); and two Gram-negative bacteria, namely Escherichia coli and Multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MRPA), using the disc diffusion assay. The results indicate that the crude extracts obtained from endophytic fungi colonizing D. philippinensis represent a promising source of bioactive metabolites that exhibit noteworthy inhibitory activity against S. aureus, E. coli, and MRSA, with an effective concentration of 10 mg/mL. This study demonstrates that the fungal endophytes associated with Dillenia philippinensis foliage represent a rich source of bioactive metabolites with significant inhibitory activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. These lead to exploring the potential of these fungal endophytes as a viable source of novel therapeutics.
Quadrinhos e processo incompleto
Authors: Reis Lucas Muniz , Peixoto Irene de Mendonça
Published: January 2024

Apresenta reflexões sobre algumas características do processo particular de criação desenvolvido a partir do pseudônimo “Sem Cabeça”, onde são feitas experimentações com as possibilidades criativas da linguagem dos quadrinhos. Uma característica marcante dessa poética é a abertura que acontece desde o começo do processo, ao experimentar livremente em cadernos e livros de artista, até as etapas finais, onde esses materiais são editados para compor publicações que, no entanto, não apresentam uma finalização. Afinal ainda guardam algo incompleto, inacabado, em continuidade… estimulando novas possibilidades tanto para leitura quanto para futuras criações.
Quadrinhos na matemática
Authors: Santos Simone José Aparecida da Silva , Rodrigo Octávio dos Santos
Published: January 2024

Intenciona dialogar acerca da produção de história em quadrinhos durante as aulas de matemática. As histórias em quadrinhos foram produzidas na plataforma Pixton e publicadas na plataforma digital Wattpad, como capítulos do livro Quadrinhos na Matemática. Dentre as histórias em quadrinhos produzidas por estudantes do ensino fundamental, foi selecionada para discussão a história em quadrinhos “Tales de Mileto, o moço das pirâmides!”. Além de aprender sobre os objetos do conhecimento relacionados ao ensino da matemática, entendeu-se que a produção de histórias em quadrinhos pelos próprios estudantes contribuiu para que a aprendizagem da matemática acontecesse de forma mais prazerosa, possibilitando aos estudantes verificarem as diferentes utilidades dos saberes matemáticos nos mais variados contextos.
Os sentidos do aposentar-se na visão de sujeitos aposentados
Authors: Costa Débora Vargas Ferreira , Nascimento Rejane Prevot , Moura Renan Gomes de
Published: January 2024

O artigo tem o objetivo de investigar como se dá o processo de interrupção do trabalhar no momento da aposentadoria e como os sujeitos passam por essa experiência em um cenário em que o trabalho é considerado fundamental na vida das pessoas. Foi utilizada metodologia qualitativa, composta por análise de narrativa de entrevistas realizadas com 20 sujeitos aposentados. Os resultados da pesquisa evidenciam que o fator financeiro é bastante relevante, no entanto existem aspectos subjetivos que não são ponderados no momento de parar de trabalhar. De maneira complementar, percebeu-se que ficar sem trabalho em uma sociedade produtivista faz com que os sujeitos se sintam desconfortáveis, mesmo tendo o direito legitimado para o descanso. Eles dizem se sentir julgados como inúteis e improdutivos pela sociedade, o que torna o ócio penoso em muitos momentos. Por fim, as narrativas demonstraram que se aposentar é percebido como ficar velho e sem perspectiva de futuro.
O trabalho na história de vida de mulheres egressas de um projeto em Economia Solidária
Authors: Silva Rayssa Rosany de Castro , Pessoa Manuella Castelo Branco , Alberto Maria de Fatima Pereira , Nóbrega Mariana Moura
Published: January 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo compreender os sentidos atribuídos ao processo de incubação realizado por mulheres egressas de um projeto em economia solidária em uma Incubadora de Empreendimentos Solidários, a partir de suas trajetórias de vida e de trabalho delas. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa exploratória, realizada através das ferramentas de história de vida e grupo de discussão, utilizando-se da análise de núcleos de significação. São mulheres diversas, que lutam pelo seu sustento e não conseguem se definir dissociadas do trabalho, sendo a maioria delas as responsáveis por atividades dentro e fora da esfera do lar. As histórias contadas revelaram que, mesmo que essas mulheres trabalhadoras não tenham alcançado um entendimento total da economia solidária enquanto modelo produtivo, as experiências vivenciadas no processo de incubação foram formativas.
Plataformização do trabalho em mercado periférico: uma análise ergológica de implicações nas condições de vida e de trabalho de motoristas e entregadores/as no contexto brasileiro
Authors: Christo Cirlene de Souza , Masson Letícia Pessoa
Published: January 2024

Em um quadro em que se constata a ampliação exponencial da exploração do trabalho por plataformas digitais e de discussões sobre a relação de funcionalidade entre os mercados centrais e periféricos de trabalho, propõe-se aqui uma análise do trabalho de entregadores/as e motoristas por aplicativos no contexto social, político e econômico brasileiro. O objetivo é identificar normas e valores em circulação nas experiências dos trabalhadores no entrecruzamento de seus contextos de vida e trabalho. Com base no referencial teórico da Ergologia, realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa com vistas à aproximação das vivências e atividades dos sujeitos por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os resultados apontam valores em circulação nos debates de normas que entram em conflito entre o ideal de liberdade anunciado pelas empresas-plataforma, o controle e o direcionamento do trabalho operado por elas via gerenciamento algorítmico e a iminência de perda da fonte de sustento. Afirma-se, afirma-se a importância da construção de caminhos coletivos de produção da saúde, seja no âmbito macrossocial ou na experiência concreta e cotidiana de trabalho.
Um carteiro e quarenta assaltos: reflexões sobre o estresse pós-traumático relacionado ao trabalho à luz da teoria do desgaste mental
Authors: Paparelli Renata , Gibellini Maria Martha , Coelho Marina Dal Maso
Published: January 2024

O artigo objetiva analisar o processo de constituição do transtorno de estresse pós-traumático (TEPT) relacionado ao trabalho de um carteiro que foi submetido a inúmeros assaltos durante sua jornada laboral. O trabalhador foi atendido em psicoterapia individual durante dois anos em uma clínica, período em que os dados foram registrados em relatórios clínicos e posteriormente analisados. Evidencia-se, com apoio da teoria do desgaste mental, que o desgaste, multideterminado, ocorreu em um processo complexo, marcado pelas violências às quais ele foi submetido no trabalho. Além da violência expressa nos assaltos, temos as violências da negligência e da desconfiança presentes na organização do trabalho, que, operando de forma conjugada, resultaram na instalação do quadro. A análise refuta o argumento da inviabilidade da prevenção do TEPT relacionado ao trabalho. Revela-se que é possível enfrentar a produção do transtorno por meio da oferta de condições de trabalho que promovam segurança e que não negligenciem os riscos de assaltos, de modo que a violência vivida não seja negada, nem transformada em desconfiança dirigida aos trabalhadores.
Por que querer (re)descobrir a psicologia do trabalho no Brasil?
Authors: Lacomblez Marianne
Published: January 2024

A história da psicologia do trabalho é plural. Tudo o que se herdou foi sendo objeto de muita controvérsia no âmbito de análises que vieram permitir um melhor esclarecimento de questões deixadas em aberto, consideradas residuais ou até completamente ignoradas. Os posicionamentos críticos deram novo alento aos projetos de renovação da abordagem da experiência humana quando investida na atividade de trabalho. Na academia brasileira, vários contributos o demonstram.
Clot or Not? Reviewing the Reciprocal Regulation Between Lipids and Blood Clotting
Authors: Zhang Ziyu , Rodriguez Maya , Zheng Ze
Published: January 2024

Both hyperlipidemia and thrombosis contribute to the risks of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, which are the leading cause of death and reduced quality of life in survivors worldwide. The accumulation of lipid-rich plaques on arterial walls eventually leads to the rupture or erosion of vulnerable lesions, triggering excessive blood clotting and leading to adverse thrombotic events. Lipoproteins are highly dynamic particles that circulate in blood, carry insoluble lipids, and are associated with proteins, many of which are involved in blood clotting. A growing body of evidence suggests a reciprocal regulatory relationship between blood clotting and lipid metabolism. In this review article, we summarize the observations that lipoproteins and lipids impact the hemostatic system, and the clotting-related proteins influence lipid metabolism. We also highlight the gaps that need to be filled in this area of research.
العدوى والاحتراز: الأخلاق الكلامية وتصادم القيم في زمن الوباء
Authors: الخطيب معتز
Published: January 2024

الخلاصة

يناقش هذا البحث التداخل بين الكلامي والأخلاقي في المناقشات الكلاسيكية الخاصة بمسألة العدوى وسبل الاحتراز منها، ويَعرض لثلاثة نماذج توضح تركيبية الموقف من العدوى داخل المذهب الكلامي الأشعري، الأمر الذي يوضح أن اختزاله في فكرة الذاتية الأخلاقية (divine subjectivism or ethical voluntarism) لا يفي بطابعه التركيبي المتنوّع. ويخلص البحث إلى أنه بالرغم من السمة الكلامية الطاغية على تلك المناقشات، فإن ثمة إطارًا أخلاقيًّا ثاويًا فيها نقف فيه على منظورات مختلفة كانت تتنازع – فيما يبدو – حول تحديد القيمة العليا التي يجب أن تصان وتكون لها الأولوية في زمن الوباء. فالعدوى شكلت محور النقاشات الخاصة بالطاعون، التي برز فيها تشابك تخصصات عدة كالطب والفقه والكلام والتصوف والأخلاق، والنظري والعملي. وبسبب هذه السمة التركيبية لتلك النقاشات حول العدوى والاحتراز يرى البحث أنها يمكن أن تُدرَج ضمن “الأخلاق الكلامية” التي تتناول الجوانب المعيارية التي تتصل بعلم الكلام.
COVID-19 and Pandemic Ethics in the Islamic Tradition: An Introduction
Authors: Ghaly Mohammed , al-Khatib Mutaz
Published: January 2024

The rapid escalation of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 into a global pandemic, culminating in the World Health Organization’s declaration on March 11, 2020, marked a historic milestone. The far-reaching impact of the COVID-19 pandemic necessitates an interdisciplinary approach to address its myriad ethical challenges. This article categorizes the key ethical questions explored from an Islamic perspective into two groups: “Historical Issues” and “Modern Issues.” The former revisits questions examined in pre-modern discussions on historical pandemics, while the latter delves into ethical challenges relatively unique to the contemporary context of COVID-19. Each group’s exploration is complemented by a section on “Related Sources,” offering insight into pertinent primary works. The article concludes with reflections on the evolving trajectory of research in this field. Serving its introductory purpose, the article includes two appendices: Appendix 1, “Overview of Key Ethical Issues," provides a condensed summary in table form, while Appendix 2, “An Extended Bibliography on Islam, Pandemics, COVID-19, and Morality,” offers a comprehensive list of primary and secondary sources for researchers interested in further readings.
On some Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) associated with gall-inducing psylloids, Phacopteron and Trioza species (Hemiptera: Phacopteronidae, Triozidae) in southern India
Authors: HAYAT MOHAMMAD , SALEEM U. K. A. , NASSER M.
Published: January 2024

Two new species, Ooencyrtus alrake Hayat, sp. nov. and Syrphophagus wayanadensis Hayat, sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Encyrtidae), are described from material collected in Kerala State (India) from Trioza jambolanae Crawford (Hemiptera: Psylloidea: Triozidae), a leaf gall-inducer on species of Syzygium (Myrtaceae). Two species, Psyllaephagus garuga S. Singh and P. phacopteron S. Singh, both recently described in S. Singh & K.P. Singh, (2011) from Dehra Dun, are recorded from Kerala from Phacopteron lentiginosum Buckton (Hemiptera: Psylloidea: Phacopteronidae) a leaf gall-inducer on Garuga pinnata Roxb. (Burseraceae). Some variation in the Kerala and Dehra Dun specimens of these two species is  noted. It appears that this is the first record of Ooencyrtus Ashmead on psylloid hosts.
Validation of taxon names described in “Deltocephalinae from China (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)”
Authors: DMITRIEV DMITRY A. , LI ZIZHONG , DAI RENHUAI , XING JICHUN
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this paper is to validate 4 generic names and 34 specific names previously introduced in the “Deltocephalinae from China (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)” by Li, Dai & Xing (2011). The names are unavailable in the original publication, because of the missing information on the type specimen repository. The following genera and species are introduced as new in this publication: Bambusananus, Li & Xing; Branchana Li; Cyclevertex Li & Xing; Lineana Li & Xing; Abrus biprocessus Li; Abrus graciaedeagus Li; Bambusana biflaka Li; Bambusana nigrimaculata Li; Bambusananus furcatus Li & Xing; Branchana xanthota Li; Cyclevertex furcatum Li & Xing; Lineana albipunctata Li & Xing; Lineana ductaedeagusa Li & Xing; Protensus nigrifrons Li & Xing; Protensus yanheensis Li & Xing; Paramesodes menghaiensis Xing & Li; Yuanamia producta (Xing & Li, 2011); Hishimonoides brevis Li, 2011; Litura tripunctata Li; Changwhania huajiangensis Xing & Li; Elginus productus Xing & Li; Metalimnus maoershanensis Xing & Li; Nicolaus bihamatus Xing & Li; Paralaevicephalus bisubulatus Xing & Li; Paralaevicephalus brevissimus Xing & Li; Paralaevicephalus spinosus Xing & Li; Scaphoideus annulatus Li; Scaphoideus bannaensis Li; Longicornus longus Xing & Li; Melanetettix mengyangensis Xing & Li; Osbornellus aurantius Xing & Li; Osbornellus suiyangensis Xing & Li; Osbornellus conoideus Xing & Li; Phlogothamnus acutaedeagus Li; Phlogothamnus luteoguttatus Li; Phlogothamnus productus Li & Xing; Phlogothamnus rugosus Li; Phlogotettix fanjingshanensis Li.
Infrastructural insecurity: geopolitics in the standardization of telecommunications networks
Authors: ten Oever Niels , Becker Christoph
Published: January 2024

This article argues that the production and maintenance of “infrastructural insecurity” is an inherent part of the process of the standardization of telecommunication networks. Infrastructural insecurity is the outcome of intentional practices during the production, standardization, and maintenance of communication infrastructures that leave end-users vulnerable to attacks that benefit particular actors. We ground this analysis in the qualitative and quantitative exploration of the responses to the disclosure of three fundamental security vulnerabilities in telecommunications networks. To research the shaping of communication and infrastructure architectures in the face of insecurities, we develop a novel approach to the study of Internet governance and standard-setting processes that leverages web scraping and computer-assisted document set discovery software tools combined with document analysis. This is an important contribution because it problematizes the process of standardization and asks fundamental questions about the adequacy and legitimacy of the process and procedures of standardization, its participants, and its institutions.
Taxonomic and Functional Diversity of Bees in Traditional Agroecosystems and Tropical Forest Patches on the Yucatan Peninsula
Authors: Serralta-Batun Laura P. , Jiménez-Osornio Juan J. , Meléndez-Ramírez Virginia , Munguía-Rosas Miguel A.
Published: January 2024

Background and Research Objectives: Habitat matrices of intensive agricultural use are generally inhospitable to native bees in fragmented forests. However, in some tropical regions of the world, agricultural landscapes are dominated by traditional agroecosystems, which harbor high plant diversity and are subject to low-intensity management. These agroecosystems can therefore provide suitable habitats and important floral resources for the bee community. The objective of this study was to compare the taxonomic and functional diversity of bees in traditional agroecosystems and forest patches within an agricultural landscape of the Yucatan Peninsula. Methods: Sampling was conducted in two traditional agroecosystems (homegardens and a rainfed polyculture known as milpa) and forest patches as a control (N= 24 sites in total. Hereafter: habitats), using two complementary sampling techniques: pan traps and a sweep net. Taxonomic and functional diversity metrics were calculated and compared among habitats. Results: The three habitats were generally similar in terms of taxonomic and functional diversity. Differences were only detected among habitats in the inverse of Simpson’s diversity index and number of functional groups (functional entities), with higher values in the agroecosystems than in the forest. Conclusion: Taxonomic and functional diversity was similar in the traditional agroecosystems and forest patches, suggesting that these agroecosystems can provide temporal adequate resources for most bee functional groups and that movement of bees is possible among these habitats. Conservation Implications: Maintenance of low-intensity management practices and high (agro)biodiversity found in traditional agroecosystems is crucial for the conservation of native bees. It is therefore important to incorporate these systems into management strategies at the landscape level. Since traditional agroecosystems and forests have different land tenure systems (government, private, and communal), conservation strategies at this level require the involvement of different sectors of society.