bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Empirical Network Structure of Malicious Programs
Authors: Musgrave John , Campan Alina , Messay-Kebede Temesguen , Kapp David , Wang Boyang
Published: April 2024

A modern binary executable is a composition of various types of networks. Control flow graphs are a commonly used representation of an executable program used for classification tasks. Control flow and term frequency representations are widely adopted, but provide only a partial view of program semantics and present challenges to increases in resolution. By performing a quantitative analysis of program networks, we enable the identification of patterns within these features that are correlated to structure. This allows for increases in feature resolution and pattern recognition in classification tasks. These are necessary steps in order to obtain greater explainability in classification results. We demonstrate the presence of Scale-Free properties of network structure for program data dependency and control flow graphs, and show that data dependency graphs also have Small-World structural properties. We show that program data dependency graphs have a degree correlation that is structurally disassortative, and that control flow graphs have a neutral degree assortativity, indicating the use of random graphs to model the structural properties of program control flow graphs would show increased accuracy. An increase in feature resolution allows for the structural
Efficient Multi-Domain Text Recognition Deep Neural Network Parameterization With Residual Adapters
Authors: Chao Jiayou , Zhu Wei
Published: April 2024

Recent advancements in deep neural networks have markedly enhanced the performance of computer vision tasks, yet the specialized nature of these networks often necessitates extensive data and high computational power. Addressing these requirements, this study presents a novel neural network model adept at optical character recognition (OCR) across diverse domains, leveraging the strengths of multi-task learning to improve efficiency and generalization. The model is designed to achieve rapid adaptation to new domains, maintain a compact size conducive to reduced computational resource demand, ensure high accuracy, retain knowledge from previous learning experiences, and allow for domain-specific performance improvements without the need to retrain entirely. Rigorous evaluation on open datasets has validated the model’s ability to significantly lower the number of trainable parameters without sacrificing performance, indicating its potential as a scalable and adaptable solution in the field of computer vision, particularly for applications in optical text recognition
Graph-of-Thought: Utilizing Large Language Models to Solve Complex and Dynamic Business Problems
Authors: Ye Li
Published: April 2024

This paper presents Graph-of-Thought (GoT), a new model for workflow automation that enhances the flexibility and efficiency of Large Language Models (LLMs) in complex task execution. GoT advances beyond traditional linear and tree-like cognitive models with a graph structure that enables dynamic path selection. The open-source engine GoTFlow demonstrates the practical application of GoT, facilitating automated, data-driven decisionmaking across various domains. Despite challenges in complexity and transparency, GoTFlow’s potential for improving business processes is significant, promising advancements in both efficiency and decision quality with continuous development.
The Relationship of Parental Participation in Learning with Student Achievement on Biology Subjects
Authors: Alam Syahrul , Sinaga Armin
Published: April 2024

Parental participation is a factor that plays a very important role. This is inseparable from the fact that parental participation plays a role in the formation of student attitudes and achievement. This study aims to determine the relationship between parental participation and the learning achievement of Science-Biology grade VII students at SMP Negeri 4 Medan. The type of research used is correlational. The number of samples used was 29 people taken using cluster random sampling. The instruments used are tests and questionnaires. Tests are used to determine student achievement through report card scores and questionnaires are used to determine parental participation in student learning. The data analysis used is Product Moment Correlation analysis. The results showed that there was a strong relationship between parental participation and the achievement of science-biology learning of grade VII students at SMP Negeri 4 Medan with a large influence of 59.31%, and 40.69% influenced by other factors.
Nanopore Testing: A Paradigm Shift in Ovarian Cancer Screening
Authors: Asif Naveed Muhammad
Published: April 2024

Ovarian cancer is a fifth leading cause of cancer related mortality among women. According to the American Cancer Society, about 19,680 cases with ovarian cancer will be diagnosed in US women in 2024 and almost 12,740 women will lose their lives to ovarian cancer [1]. The currently used treatments involve chemotherapy and radiation with non-targeted therapies, drug resistance and undesirable side effects. These drawbacks have captivated the attention of scientists to discover some alternative strategies including Nanotechnology which is more convenient and target specific [2]. 

No screening tests are available for ovarian cancer. Ovarian cancer is known as a “silent killer” and it usually remains undiagnosed until it reaches to an advanced stage. Scientists are working to explore non- invasive urine based test to make early detection possible.This urine based test along with family history, transvaginal ultrasound, and CA-125 blood tests will  provide early-stage identification, diagnosis, and therapy for ovarian cancer, according to the researchers. 

Patients with ovarian cancer have certain type of peptides in urine that are analysed by nanotechnology. A new approach “Nanopore sensing” in which nanopores that measures any change in electric current of molecules passing through it and these changes will show the properties of proteins. This technique helps in identifying the peptides related to ovarian cancerFurther studies are required to identify peptides linked to ovarian cancer, but the techniques are not very cost effective and simple. Thirteen peptides were found and examined by the researchers, including ones that came from leucine-rich a-2 glycoprotein, a recognised biomarker found in the urine of ovarian cancer patients. 

Since the test is still in its early stages, more clinical trials will be needed to validate it and determine its efficacy in practical settings. The investigation of nanotechnology in medical diagnostics promises to usher in a new era of innovation by revolutionising not just the detection of ovarian cancer but also the entire field of disease diagnosis and treatment. Numerous people have hope as this approach includes the possibility of early ovarian cancer detection via a straightforward urine test. It emphasises to explore the scientific advancement with the aim of combating the deadliest cancer affecting women.
Knowledge of Nurses Regarding Cardiac Arrhythmias in Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Khan Malka Azam , Yousafzai Aziz ur Rehman , Margret . , Huma . , Bibi Afsha , Khan Jehangir
Published: April 2024

An arrhythmia is a disorder in which the heart beats irregularly, too slow, or too fast, an arrhythmia can be harmless to life-threatening. Objectives: To assess the knowledge of nurses working in tertiary care hospital regarding cardiac arrhythmias of inpatients. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to collect data from a random sample of 132 staff nurses from various clinical areas of public and private hospitals through structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using SPSS. Results: The findings from this study show that the knowledge level of nurses regarding cardiac arrhythmias can be categorized into two groups: poor and good. From the total 132 nurses, 53 (40.2%) had poor and 79 (59.8%) had good level of knowledge regarding the information of the nurses on cardiac arrhythmias. Conclusions: Based on the findings, it is recommended that continuous education and training programs should be implemented to keep nurses updated with the latest evidence-based practices in the care of patients with cardiac arrhythmias. This will ensure that they can provide safe and high-quality care to patients.
Evaluation of Oral Health Status and Dietary Habits in School Children among age 12-14 years; A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Shahid Farwa , Habib Muhammad Farrukh , Masood Maryam , Naseem Azka , Mahmood Humaira
Published: April 2024

The prevalence of dental caries among Pakistani schoolchildren is rising. Current epidemiological statistics are required to determine treatment needs. These numbers are not presently accessible for elementary school students. Objectives: To assess the Oral health status of secondary school children 12 – 14 years through DMFT index and to determine the relationship between dietary habits and Dental caries of secondary school children aged 12 – 14 years via questionnaire. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted through interviews and clinical examinations in three Secondary schools of children based in Lahore. Number of participants were 398 children aged 12 to 14 years, encompassing both males and females. Oral health status and Dietary habits were evaluated through DMFT Index and Self-administered WHO Approved Questionnaire. Correlation of Demographic variables and Dietary habits of participants with High DMFT was observed. Results: The DMFT percentage was found to be 76% among 398 participants, indicating a significant burden of dental carries in our population. The Correlation between poor dietary habits and Dental caries was established through Chi square test. A statistically significant correlation (p<0.05) was noted among Dental caries and high sugary intake. No significant relation was observed among other variables and Dental Caries. Conclusions: Unsatisfactory Oral health status and poor food habits among school- aged youngsters. It calls for urgent action to improve oral health status and promote healthier dietary choices, seeking to minimize tooth decay frequency while improving general dental hygiene.
How psychological factors influence hosts to participate in the accommodation sharing economy: A systematic review
Authors: Tatsi Foteini , Tatsis Fotios , Karamanis Kostas
Published: April 2024

This research study investigated the impact of psychological factors on hosts within the accommodation sharing economy. Specifically, the study aimed to explore how psychological factors motivate individuals to become hosts and actively engage in this sector. Through a systematic review, the paper identified relevant articles in electronic databases such as Web of Science, Science Direct, EBSCOhost, and Scopus from 2000 to 2023, following the PICo model (Population, Interest, Context) to determine the review question. From an initial pool of 555 records, a comprehensive screening for eligibility resulted in the inclusion of three studies for this systematic review. The research applied rigorous reference control and evaluated the quality of included studies using the CASP tool (Critical Appraisal Skills Program). Among the three studies meeting the review criteria, socialization emerged as the primary research focus. Drawing on self-determination theory, the research demonstrates that social interaction and the formation of friendships between hosts and guests positively impact individuals' decisions to become hosts. Furthermore, aspects such as personal development, social interaction with guests, and a sense of achievement contribute to sustained participation. The study underscores the correlation between emotional stress and guest reviews, emphasizing hosts' motivation to enhance services. Additionally, the research identifies emotional and social loneliness as obstacles to host participation in the sharing economy, highlighting the crucial role of social interactions in alleviating loneliness for both hosts and guests.
Antimicrobial profile of protein extract of Atlantia monophylla
Authors: Haritha Manchi , L Kudagi , Mohan Pathapati , Chandra Vurimi , K Salma , Manchi Rajesh , Nelavala Anjani , Nikhilesh Manchi
Published: April 2024

Background: Plants have long been recognized as having a wide range of biological properties, including antibacterial, analgesic, anticancer, antipyretic, and antihypertensive action. They are also a significant source of several chemicals with biological activity. The Rutaceae family consists of a shrub Atalantia monophylla. It is available all over India. The extracts from its leaves have been reported to have antimicrobial and antiviral properties.

Aims and Objectives: The objectives of the study were to evaluate the extraction protein content and antimicrobial activity of A. monophyla protein extract. The objective of the present study is to isolate protein extract from the aqueous extract of A. monophyla and to screen for antimicrobial activity.

Materials and Methods: The A. monophylla protein isolate was prepared from aqueous extract. The protein isolate was done using the ammonium sulfate method and quantified using Lowry’s method. Agar disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration were used to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the extract.

Results: The Lowry’s method revealed 5.73 mg/mL protein isolate. The microbiological studies revealed significant inhibitions of microbes.

Conclusion: The AM protein extract has significant microbiological action.
Seasonal Variation of Water Quality of Taiping Lake in Eastern China
Authors: Chen Ran , Wang Bo-lun , Qian Li-ping , Luo Yi , Ma Ming-hai
Published: April 2024

Lakes and reservoirs are an important sources of drinking water for human life. However, numerous water quality indexes show seasonal fluctuation under different climatic conditions. We conducted a one-year investigation of Taiping Lake in year 2022 to construct relationship between water quality parameters and water quality. High water temperature promotes the growth of algae, and the existence of N species could provide the essential nutrient substance for the growing of algae. Under the irradiation of sunlight, algae will consume carbon dioxide through photosynthesis and release oxygen which can raise oxygen levels in the water. However, the rapid growth of algae could influence the acid-base balance in water through the consumption of carbon dioxide; thus, resulting in the increasing of pH values. These pH changes may pose a threat to drinking water.
APLICAÇÃO DA APRENDIZAGEM BASEADA EM PROBLEMAS (ABP) NO ENSINO NA SAÚDE EM UM PROGRAMA DE RESIDÊNCIA MULTIPROFISSIONAL
Authors: Silva Isis Mariane Leite
Published: April 2024

Introdução: Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas (ABP) destaca-se como uma metodologia ativa de aprendizagem que utiliza a resolução de um problema como orientação para discussões e conclusões. Objetivo: Descrever uma intervenção educativa da preceptoria de Nutrição em Oncologia, por meio da ABP, associada a um planejamento pedagógico prévio. Relato da experiência: A experiência relata a utilização da ABP no ensino na saúde de residentes de Nutrição, de uma Residên­cia Multiprofissional (RM) em Oncologia. Inicialmente, o preceptor elaborou um caso clínico, de forma que a problematização fosse exposta e os residentes pudes­sem resgatar os conhecimentos prévios. No segundo momento, os residentes pesquisaram na literatura científica sobre a resolução dos problemas e, por fim, em discussão guiada pela preceptoria, apresentaram os achados para a resolução dos questionamentos. Observou-se a importância do planejamento prévio para o alcance dos objetivos pretendidos. A experiência trouxe como benefícios o uso, até então não realizado, de metodologias ativas de aprendizagem na Residência, a adesão dos residentes com essa forma de ensino-aprendizagem observado pela busca de referencial teórico e pela discussão participativa realizada, a diversidade em saberes buscados e abordados, a relação de confiança e o desenvolvimento de habilidades de fala e escrita pelo preceptor e residentes, além de instigar o aperfeiçoamento profissional permanente. Como desafios, observou-se o desco­nhecimento dos residentes sobre a ABP, a falta de compreensão dos objetivos de aprendizagem e as metodologias de avaliação da atividade. Conclusão: A expe­riência de ensino na saúde relatada mostrou a importância do planejamento no desenvolvimento da ABP na formação de residentes. Existe a necessidade de o tema estar inserido no processo de educação permanente do preceptor e da ampliação da experiência para preceptores e residentes das demais profissões que integram a RM.
Penentuan Biaya Detox Xylene Karsinogen Pada Pekerja Di Industri Sepatu Di Surabaya
Authors: Irianingtyas Riza
Published: April 2024

Pendahuluan: xylene merupakan senyawa pelarut organic berbahaya yang sering ditemukan di perusahaan home industry sepatu yang digunakan sebagai salah satu bahan dalam penggunaan lem sepatu. Untuk mengurangi dan menghilangkan toksin Xylene dari dalam tubuh, dapat dilakukan melalui proses detoksifikasi. Salah satu pendekatan proses detoksifikasi adalah menggunakan makanan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menghitung asupan makanan dan penentuan biaya detox pada makanan yang mengandung enzim CYP2E1 dan asam glukuronat yang dibutuhkan untuk mendetoksifikasi xylene. Metode: jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif. Subjek penelitian adalah 12 pekerja. Lokasi penelitian ini adalah di home industry sepatu Oso Wilangun, Surabaya. Variabelnya adalah berat badan, lama kerja (tahun), waktu kerja setiap hari (jam), dan waktu kerja dalam seminggu (hari) serta pengukuran konsentrasi. Setelah mendapatkan semua variabel di atas, intake xylene, massa detox dan biaya detox per responden dapat dihitung. Kemudian, dosis efektif dan biaya yang diperlukan untuk makanan yang mengandung enzim CYP2El dan asam glukuronat  akan diperoleh. Hasil: Semua responden yang berada di tempat kerja menunjukkan konsentrasi Xylene di bawah Nilai Ambang Batas (NAB). Responden dengan biaya detox xylene paling tinggi adalah responden dengan konsentrasi paparan tertinggi serta masa kerja dan waktu kerja yang lama. Kesimpulan: Tingkat kecukupan enzim masing-masing responden berbeda. Tingkat biaya detox masing-masing responden tergantung pada dosis efektif, harga makanan, konsentrasi xylene, masa kerja dan waktu kerja. Setiap responden dapat memilih makanan tergantung pada kebutuhan dan selera mereka.
Pengaruh Suhu Refluks Terhadap Aktivitas Antioksidan Pada Ekstrak Daun Salam (Syzygium polyanthum) Dan Formulasinya Sebagai Sediaan Serum Wajah
Authors: Pratiwi Fitria Kusuma Dyas
Published: April 2024

Radikal bebas dapat menyebabkan permasalahan pada kesehatan kulit seperti munculnya penuaan dini. Penuaan dini pada kulit dapat diatasi melalui penggunaan antioksidan. Salah satu bahan alam yang mengandung antioksidan adalah daun salam (Syzygium polyanthum). Senyawa antioksidan ekstrak daun salam dapat diperoleh melalu proses ekstraksi dengan metode refluks. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif true experimental yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu refluks dan variasi formulasi pada sediaan serum terhadap aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak dan serum ekstrak daun salam. Pada penelitian ini daun salam diekstraksi dengan metode refluks dengan variasi suhu 58℃, 68℃ dan 78℃. Kemudian hasil ekstrak diuji aktivitas antioksidanya dengan metode DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl). Hasil aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak terbaik diperoleh dari ekstraksi pada suhu 58℃ dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 50,40 ppm dengan kategori antioksidan kuat. Selanjutnya ekstrak diformulasikan menjadi sediaan serum wajah. Sediaan serum yang diperoleh kemudian dilakukan evaluasi sesuai dengan SNI 16-4399-1996 berupa uji organoleptik, uji homogenitas, uji pH, uji berat jenis, uji viskositas, dan uji aktivitas antioksidan. Hasil pengujian organoleptik semua formulasi serum ekstrak daun salam berwarna hijau kecoklatan, bertekstur kental dan berbau khas daun salam. Semua sediaan homogen. pH berkisar 6-7. Bobot jenis semua sediaan pada rentang 1,00. Viskositas semua sediaan pada rentang 237-240 cPs. Nilai aktivitas antioksidan serum terbaik adalah pada formulasi 3 dengan penambahan ekstrak sebesar 8% yang diperoleh dari hasil ekstraksi pada suhu 58℃ sebesar 55,43 ppm dengan kategori antioksidan kuat.
Klasik Arapça Metin Okuma Becerisinde Esas Alınan Kaynaklar ve Nihad Mazlum Çetin’in Yöntemi İle Alana Katkısı
Authors: Arslan Sözüdoğru Hatice
Published: April 2024

Arapça öğreniminde klasik Arapça önemli bir yere sahiptir. Aynı şekilde klasik Arapça derslerinde okutulacak kitapların seçimi dersin kendisi kadar önemlidir. Zira öğrenci seviyesine uygun klasik metinlerle karşılaşırsa korkmadan dört dil becerisinden biri olan okumayı gerçekleştirebilmektedir. Diğer yabancı dillerde olduğu gibi Arapçayı öğrenenler için de yeni öğrendikleri bir dilde klasik kitapları okuyabilmek başlangıçta zor gibi algılanabilir. Bununla birlikte yabancı dil öğrenenlerin hedefleri arasında o dilin temel kaynaklarını, klasiklerini okumak yer almaktadır.

Arapça öğrenenlerin de hedefleri arasında yer alan kaynak eser okumanın hemen gerçekleştirmenin mümkün olmadığı bir gerçektir. Bunu tespit eden, Arap dili ve edebiyatı alanında pek çok değerli eseri literatüre kazandıran Nihad Mazlum Çetin klasik eser okumayı öğrenciye yakınlaştıracak ve sevdirecek en-Nusûsu’l-muhtâre adlı bir kitap kaleme almıştır (1979). Bu kitapta klasik Arap edebiyatında tanınmış eserlerden seçme metinler yer almaktadır. 2015 yılına kadar İstanbul Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Arap Dili ve Edebiyatı Anabilim Dalı’nda ders kitabı olarak okutulan eser, Klasik Metinler ve Tarihi Metinler gibi derslerin materyali olmuştur.

Çalışma kapsamında Arapça kaynak eserler ele alınıp, Nihad Çetin’in yöntemi hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Nihad Çetin’in, tespit edilen Arapça klasik metinler ve tarihi metinlerden kaynak olarak seçtiği 22 eserin önemi ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır.
A Comparative Study on separation of power in India, UK and USA Constitution
Authors: Gadhave Asmita Subhash
Published: April 2024

India has its written Constitution, it is said to be lengthy. It is a Holy text to the Citizens of India. The Constitution entails Fundamental Rights and Fundamental Duties in Part III and Part IV respectively. The Constitution has recognized the separation of powers as part of it. 'Separation of Powers' is a basic principle where powers and responsibilities are divided among the executive, legislative and judicial branches. The study takes a multidimensional approach, taking into account institutional, political, historical, and legal aspects. The author attempted to analyze the doctrine of Separation of Powers as envisaged under the Constitution of India and also the author would like to demonstrate the difficulties faced by the three wings of the government in practice while implementing the provisions of the Constitution. The author also draws a comparative analysis with the Indian, US (the United States of America), UK (United Kingdom) Constitutions regarding the scheme of Separation of Powers Key words: Separation of power, Executive; Legislative; Judiciary; Constitution of India
¿Cuándo hay que acreditar la discapacidad relevante a efectos de un concurso de empleo público que incluye plazas reservadas?
Authors: Sempere Navarro Antonio V.
Published: April 2024

Se discute sobre el momento en que debe concurrir la discapacidad exigida para participar en unas pruebas selectivas cuando alguna plaza esté servada para personas de tal condición. La STS-CONT comentada entiende que la respuesta debe remitir al contenido de las bases de la convocatoria. En el caso la demandante tenía la condición de persona con discapacidad (superior al 33%) en el momento de concurrir a las pruebas, pero la perdió antes de finalizar. Si una persona ha concurrido a las pruebas pero no cumplía el requisito en el momento decisivo, debe evaluarse al concursante para baremarla como participante en el turno general. Si quería participar en el turno reservado pero tuvo mejor puntuación que alguno o algunos de los aprobados en el turno general, o si en este quedaron plazas sin cubrir, debe considerarse que ha aprobado el proceso selectivo.

There is a discussion about the moment in which the disability required to participate in a selective test must be met when a place is reserved for people with this condition. The STS-CONT understands that the response must refer to the content of the terms and conditions of the call. In the present case, the applicant was a person with a disability (greater than 33 per cent) at the time of taking the tests, but lost it before the end of the tests. If a person has attended the tests but did not meet the requirement at the decisive moment, the contestant must be evaluated to be graded as a participant in the general shift. If you wanted to participate in the reserved shift but had a better score than one or more of those approved in the general shift, or if there were places left unfilled, you must be considered to have passed the selection process.
Trabajo a distancia, negociación colectiva y eficacia reguladora de un acuerdo extraestatutario
Authors: Cavas Martínez Faustino
Published: April 2024

La adhesión tácita a un acuerdo extraestatutario en materia de trabajo flexible suscrito con un sindicato minoritario no es hábil para desplazar el contenido de la Ley 10/2021, que obliga a formalizar acuerdos individuales de trabajo a distancia entre la persona trabajadora y la empresa, en los que debe concretarse el porcentaje y distribución entre el trabajo presencial y en remoto; por otro lado, dicho acuerdo no puede disponer válidamente de la compensación por gastos prevista en el convenio colectivo por la realización de trabajo a distancia ni sustituirla por unos pretendidos días de libre disposición.

Unexpressed adhesion to an extra-statutory agreement on flexible work signed with a minority union is not capable of displacing the content of Law 10/2021, which requires formalizing individual teleworking agreements with each interested worker; nor can it serve as a basis for the fact that remote work contracts do not have to specifically express the percentage and distribution between face-to-face and remote work, nor can it validly provide that the compensation for expenses provided for in the collective agreement for the remote work is replaced by some supposed days of free disposal.
Los permisos familiares por fuerza mayor deben ser retribuidos
Authors: Arias Domínguez Ángel
Published: April 2024

El nuevo permiso laboral por motivos familiares urgentes del art. 37.9 ET (introducido por el Real Decreto-ley 5/2023, de 28 de junio) debe considerarse retribuido, sin que el convenio colectivo puede modificar dicho carácter. La interpretación gramatical de los términos del precepto, así como la hermenéutica sistemática, histórica y sociológica, así lo deducen, además de ser el camino marcado por la normativa comunitaria en la materia.

The new work permit for urgent family reasons of art. 37.9 ET (introduced by Royal Decree-Law 5/2023, of June 28) must be considered paid, without the collective agreement being able to modify this nature. The grammatical interpretation of the terms of the precept, as well as systematic, historical and sociological hermeneutics, deduce this, in addition to being the path marked by the community regulations on the matter.
Systematics and Biodiversity Conservation
Authors: Ksepka Daniel , Lamm Kristin
Published: April 2024

This exercise uses a fictional group of turtles to demonstrate how to implement cladistic methodology. Using a step-by-step guide, students work to find the most parsimonious cladogram for these fictional turtles. Part I involves delineating characters and building a most parsimonious cladogram based on the distribution of character states, while Part II presents additional challenges by introducing homoplasy. This exercise is designed to familiarize students with the concepts of phylogeny and cladistics, expand their skills of phylogenetic analysis, and use phylogenetic information to determine conservation priority.
Stakeholder Analysis
Authors: Lemanski Ursula , Vogler Donna
Published: April 2024

Stakeholders are defined as the people and organizations who are involved in or affected by an action or policy and can be directly or indirectly included in the decision making process. In environmental and conservation planning, stakeholders typically include government representatives, businesses, scientists, landowners, and local users of natural resources. These groups of stakeholders often have very different positions and values that may be difficult to reconcile with each other and the planned project. The synthesis provides a brief overview of why it is important to incorporate different stakeholders, including underrepresented groups and “hidden” stakeholders, in the planning process and discusses the potential benefits of inclusion. Before involving stakeholders, conducting a stakeholder analysis can help to identify relevant stakeholders and to assess their views and interests on a proposed project. The synthesis describes specific techniques for conducting a formal stakeholder analysis, such as the use of stakeholder tables and a stakeholder influence/interest grid. Finally, it also highlights some approaches and strategies that can help to facilitate a fair and productive participatory process. In the accompanying role-playing exercise, students apply the concepts learned to current conservation or environmental projects of their choosing.
Where Is Katniss When You Need Her?
Authors: Morgan Alberta June
Published: April 2024

A reflection on what the elction of Donald Trump means for American citizens and adult educators.
Review of BETWEEN THE WORLD AND ME by Ta-Nehisi Coates
Authors: Levenson ROBIN Beth
Published: April 2024

Author Ta-Nehisi Coates has written a poetical polemic in the form of a letter to his young son. It is an autobiographical account of Coates' coming of age in Baltimore, his life at Howard University, and in New York City. Â At once moving and confrontational, Coates describes "those people who think they are white" and the African American legacy of the struggle for freedom.
Social Movement Literacy: Syllabus
Authors: Del Gandio Jason
Published: April 2024

The following syllabus is for a course on â€œsocial movement literacyâ€ (SML).Â  The course is currently being taught at Grateford State Prison (just outside of Philadelphia).Â  The basic purpose of SML is to help educate students on how to properly read and understand the nature and function of social movements.Â  SML is not reducible to learning about a handful of specific social movements; instead, SML establishes core skills and knowledges that enable people to recognize, discuss, perhaps participate in and, if need be, intelligently critique, the ideologies, political motivations, and tactics of social movements.
When Silence Becomes Betrayal
Authors: Stoner Hayle Lorren
Published: April 2024

Right now in our country we are using our anger and judgement to rule our actions which is leading our people to turn against one another in fear. It is time that we come together as a society to solve a problem, to speak up for what we believe in, for justice. When Martin Luther King Jr. wrote the letter from Birmingham jail he was calling out for people to share their voices for a cause. By staying silent while heartbreaking events unfold you are contributing to the ongoing problem. In my poster design I wanted to call out those people who are watching the violence continue but still saying silent. The design is meant to relate to a broad audience, to show it could be any one of us. The shade of red symbolizes the figure being alert due to rising tensions. Their eyes are open wide to see exactly what is going on but their hand remains over their mouth in silence. In the reflection of the eyes, you see a cop and a silhouetted figure. This is to call out the present controversy unfolding between African Americans and Law Enforcement. In the eyes there is no hero or victim because if we ever want to resolve this conflict we have to take a step back from that. We have to start looking at all of us as one in the same, we are all people and we all must come together and stop being silent which is what this poster represents.
Exploring the Cycle of Oppression and Whiteness in the Academy Through Currere: Reflections from a Reading-Group-Based Intergroup Dialogue
Authors: Rodgers Keri L. , Cain Ruby , Messineo Melinda
Published: April 2024

White supremacy is long-standing and pervasive in higher education and it leads to internalized dominance in white faculty and the subjugation of faculty of color in the Cycle of Oppression. To explore this cycle and the power of whiteness and privilege in higher education, a multiracial group of campus community members from a range of institutional roles read What Does it Mean to Be White? Developing White Racial Literacy (DiAngelo, 2016) as a foundational text to foster an intergroup dialogue. Over the course of a semester, the authors shared how their own lives have been inextricably intertwined with the Cycle of Oppression. In this article, the authors employ currere as a method of curriculum inquiry to investigate their lived experiences (Pinar, 1975, 2004) to understand the effects of White privilege, and to explore the Cycle of Oppression within the context of academia (Baszile, 2006a, 2006b; Fine, 1997).
Lifting the Veil: Reflections on Privilege and Reciprocal Pedagogy as a White Adult Educator
Authors: Skogsbergh Julie Marie
Published: April 2024

This reflective essay addresses the themes of racialization and privilege that lead me on the path to become an educator in one of the nation's oldest public institution degree completion programs for adult students. It provides background information and contextualizes my own racialized experiences as a white, first generation student from a lower-/working-class background, all of which have consequently informed my teaching approaches to working with adult students in both online and blended (mixture of online and in-person classes) formats. Additionally, it also presents my concept of reciprocal pedagogy, which informs my pedagogical and curricular choices in working with adult students. Lastly, it provides a framework for educators who work with adult students, whether online or in-person, to think about and reflect upon their own positionalities as well as what informs the pedagogical and curricular choices we make.
Acting Out The Shared Heritage: Towards A Pedagogical Model for Liberatory Education
Authors: Curtis Sydney Marie Simone
Published: April 2024

There are many connections between Liberation Theology, critical pedagogy, and the Ignatian Pedagogical Paradigm (IPP). Each of these liberatory traditions can be applied to teaching practices in postsecondary education. Utilizing Thomas Oldenski's Integrative Model of Liberation Theology and Critical Pedagogy, I propose The Model of Spiritual Strategies for Postsecondary Teaching (SSM) as a practical teaching framework for postsecondary instructors. The purpose of the SSM is to provide an actionable tool for instructors to infuse their pedagogy and curricula with the values of liberatory education, derived from the disciplines of Liberation Theology, critical pedagogy, and the IPP. I begin by retracing the spiritual heritage and transformative values shared between these disciplines, and conclude with examples of teaching techniques through the SSM to facilitate liberatory education for spiritual transformation.
Challenging Socio-Economic Marginalization: Freire’s Influence in Rural Uganda
Authors: Jenga Fred
Published: April 2024

The study explores the work of Atanansi Community Based Organization, grassroots organization focused on the empowerment of marginalized poor, subsistence farming communities in rural Uganda. Through the application of Freirean conscientization and application of ideas from Catholic social teaching and liberation theology, the communities have been able to question their socio-economic realities, questioned the marginalization, and took action to start a community grade school, women income generating activities, and youth skilling programs. Through the process of conscientization, the community has learnt to rely on itself without waiting for the central government or politicians.

 

 

Key Words: Conscientization, Marginalization, Paulo Freire, Rural Uganda, Theology.
Spiritus Est qui Vivificat: Mass Incarceration, Social Justice and the Spiritan Mission
Authors: The Elsinore Bennu Think Tank for Restorative Justice
Published: April 2024

This article explores the connection between the Congregation of the Holy Spirit (Spiritans) and the Elsinore Bennu Think Tank for Restorative Justice (EBTT).  The Spiritan’s historic involvement in the liberation, healing and restoration of enslaved men, women, and children in French colonies, as well as the establishment of local churches in Africa, inspires the human spirit to equitable relationships between peoples. Shifting from that global perspective, we consider their local efforts in founding Duquesne University as an institution of higher education for the children of immigrant steelworkers.  Moving to the present, we note the genesis of The Inside-Out Prison Exchange Program at Duquesne, the formation of the EBTT at the State Correctional Institution in Pittsburgh. EBTT members are committed to collaborative community efforts as a way for people damaged by circumstance and systems of oppression to remake themselves, recognizing that remade people are needed to restore a broken society.
Liberating Faith and the Journey of Inconclusion: A Close Reading of Paulo Freire’s Essay “My Faith and Hope”
Authors: Smith Lionnell
Published: April 2024

In this essay, I offer a close reading of Paulo Freire’s essay “My Faith and Hope” in which he theorizes a liberating faith. I condense Freire’s thoughts about faith, spirituality, and theology into ­­­­three major themes or arguments. First, I argue that Freire’s liberating faith involves the complexity of becoming unsettled which empowers one to divorce silence for a holy rebelliousness against injustice. Second, I argue that Freire’s liberating faith encompasses the challenge of being in faith which is a process in which one commits to being actively engaged in the struggle to free the oppressed. Finally, I argue that Freire’s liberating faith is comprised of the courage to battle through hope which Freire describes as a permanent search, process or journey toward liberation or freedom —that is, the journey of inconclusion. Finally, I discuss the implications that Freire’s view of a liberating faith has on racial equity in education.
Antiracist Andragogy in School Counselor Education and Training
Authors: Sandifer Mariama , Gibson Eva , Brant-Rajahn Sarah
Published: April 2024

Black students continue to experience trauma in response to racial, social, political, and cultural discrimination. Therefore, there is a need for antiracist work to push beyond awareness and to seek action for systemic change on their behalf. School counselors are uniquely positioned to encourage spaces of equity and justice however, counseling students have reported feeling unprepared to work with unfamiliar groups of people (Littleford et al., 2010). School counselor training programs are expected to prepare counselors to address racism through comprehensive counseling programs that emphasize advocacy and social justice. Drawing from Critical Race Theory, this article examines the context of the impact of discrimination and racial injustices against Black students. This article further outlines culturally responsive andragogy designed to prepare future practitioners to engage in anti-racist work on behalf of Black students.
The Banality of Liberal White Supremacy: Black Women Leaders, Administrative Marginalization and the Professional Toll of Anti-blackness
Authors: Jones Jaye
Published: April 2024

Adult education programs have traditionally embraced progressive, social justice-oriented approaches to instruction and advocacy, and during a time of "racial reckoning," this has been critical. However, even in culturally diverse spaces, whiteness often dominates – both in leadership and in how difference is framed - leaving anti-black racism unexplored. The result is that access to a truly transformative education is limited. Black female leaders face distinct challenges in this organizational context and moment. In this paper, the author utilizes her experiences as a Black female adult educator and administrator to explore how liberal white supremacy is enacted through the administrative marginalization of Black women as leaders and the impact this has on their professional development and the field. Suggestions to help programs authentically reflect on anti-blackness and nurture anti-racist community are provided.
Counternarratives of Resistance in Preservice Teacher Education
Authors: Cannon Narcarsia , Robinson Zaria , Tondreau Amy
Published: April 2024

Now more than ever, injustice against African Americans is being publicized at an alarming rate. The accessibility of mobile phones has made it possible for prejudice against blacks to be brought to global attention. This has propelled the Black Lives Matter movement and protesters around the world to take to the streets in demand for change within the governing systems. Their shouts of police brutality toward African Americans are being heard. However, there is another injustice being done against blacks that remains unseen in the background. This quiet discriminatory system has been in operation for generations. The purpose of this article is to expose the disconnection between the African American student and the education system;  a detachment that has been intentional and systematic. This article discusses how the education system has become a quiet oppressor of African Americans. An oppressor who has robbed African Americans of their vast history. An oppressor who has branded African Americans as ignorant and delinquent. An oppressor who has refused to acknowledge and include the academic works produced by scholars of color within its curriculum.  The racist practices of the educational system have been hidden in plain sight for decades. This article is not being written in order to vent out frustrations. This article is a call for action. A call for change in a system that impacts all African American students from kindergarten through college.  As current events have revealed, racism is alive and well in America and is being cultivated inside our schools.
Black Faces in White Spaces: Reflections on Racism and Being a Black Women in Higher Education in the Deep South
Authors: Fredrika Cowley
Published: April 2024

Black women have long served as the glue that binds families and communities together. They do not miss a beat in meeting expectations like showing up to work every day and making an effort not to be referred to as "angry black women." However, Black women are frequently marginalized, ignored, and silenced in several contexts, including higher education. This reflection article by a southern Black female higher education professional takes you on a journey of self-discovery and growth as she utilizes a Black feminist perspective to discuss how her willingness to push boundaries is influenced by her deep south upbringing and her lived racialized experiences working at a Southern Predominantly White Institution (PWI).
Amplifying Voices: Five Approaches to Constructing Counternarratives that explore the African American Experience in the Workplace
Authors: Abbie Salcedo  , Bohonos Jeremy
Published: April 2024

Research suggests that African-American employees are being treated as if they do not matter in the American workplace, and that anti-Black racism continues to abound in many organizations. The current article will help address a gap in the literature by illustrating how the examination of African Americans' narratives will provide vital insight into how HRD practice can be advanced to combat workplace racism by understanding the importance of counterstorytelling. This research has important implications for adult education because better understandings of how anti-Blackness manifests in the workplace are essential to human resource development's ongoing efforts to combat racism and other forms of injustice in the workplace.
Against All Odds: Reflections from a “Scary” Black Woman
Authors: Sylvester DeLisha
Published: April 2024

This reflective essay addresses the use of sanctuaries as resistance capital, the burden of resistance, and the impacts of Black visibility within higher education from a first-year doctoral student. It addresses the concepts of identity, whiteness, and representation, and how they have shaped my experiences within a predominantly white Marianist institution that has claimed to have taken charge against racist practices. It considers my background as a first-generation college student who has felt the need to minimize myself in spaces of whiteness to adhere to white comfort and make myself more palatable. Additionally, it presents my decision, not to negotiate my Blackness and how it alters how I am viewed within these spaces. Lastly, it addresses the stereotypical notions of the “scary Black woman” and how utilizing my voice and perspective has created an atmosphere of fear for my white counterparts. Reflecting on my experiences within higher education will help to shine a light on the intersectionalities of the Black Lives Matter movement and the Black experience and how those outer movements shape how I create both resistance and a holistic approach to wholeness in an environment created for white students.

Keywords: reflection, whiteness, white privilege, sanctuary, stereotypes
Educate, Empower, Encourage: Wash Day
Authors: Popoola Racheal
Published: April 2024

Educate, Empower, Encourage: Wash Day is a flat lay photograph that seeks to promote equity among Eurocentric likeness in historically white spaces and increase representation of Black women with natural hair. The image attempts to illustrate the similarities between the tools used for “wash day” and the tools used to eradicate natural hair discrimination. Both require a variety of processes unique in their makeup and services to achieve the desired goal.
Using Digital Book Clubs during the COVID-19 Pandemic to Minimize the Distance of Social Distancing
Authors: Smith Anderson , Polleck Jody
Published: April 2024

Due to COVID-19, making transitions from in-person to remote learning has been challenging, especially for educators who work with historically marginalized populations.  For the duration of the pandemic, the authors have used books that center social justice in order to facilitate asynchronous and synchronous digital book clubs to build and sustain communities. In doing so, they have supported readers’ literacies while also focusing on building readers’ sense of agency, advocacy, and emotional well-being.  The authors used their combined experiences in ways that were culturally sustaining and emotionally responsive to the needs of vulnerable populations consisting of both formerly incarcerated adults and young adults in alternative school districts.  Using transactional theories and culturally sustaining pedagogies, this article provides an overview of how the authors facilitated these experiences as healing and nurturing spaces that sustain readers’ literacies while also providing them with coping strategies and opportunities for connections during a global pandemic.