bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TAFSIR KONTEMPORER ADAB AL-IJTIMAIY (Studi Kitab Karya Ahmad Mustafa Al-Maraghy 1881-1945 M)
Authors: Masyhud Masyhud
Published: May 2018

Tulisan ini mengkaji pemikiran Syaikh Ahmad Mustafa Al-Maraghy. Ia adalah mufassir yang kupasan tafsirnya menggunakan pendekatan adab al-ijtimaâ€™iy (budaya, sosial kemasyarakatan). Pemikirannya dipengaruhi oleh para pendahulunyaÂ  seperti M. Abduh, M. Rasyid Ridha dan M. Mustafa al-Maraghy. Tafsir ini memiliki corak mederen dengan memandang bahwa al-Qurâ€™an adalah bagian dari bukti kekuasaan dan tanda kebesaran Allah SWT. Membedah pintu tajdid secara luas dengan meninggalkan taklid buta. Kupasan kajiannyaÂ  menembus lapisan bawah - atasÂ  sampai pejabatat tinggi. Pesan utamanya adalah kembali memurnikan ajaran al-Qurâ€™an dengan meninggalkan bidâ€™ah, takhayul dan khurafat.
TRADISI AKADEMIK DALAM KHALAQAH TAFSIR (Orientasi Semantik al-Quran Klasik dalam Diskursus Hermeneutik)
Authors: Wathani Syamsul
Published: May 2018

This article discusses the Qurâ€™anic semantic within hermeneutic discourse. The classical interpretation of the Qurâ€™an (I-IV H) is set to be the subject matter to be discussed within the framework of hermeneutic. By doing so, the article is expected to contribute to giving a new formulation of the classical interpretation discourse on the Qurâ€™an. Besides, the article is also expected to discover the new theory about Qurâ€™anic hermeneutic which operated in the sphere of text. The classical Qurâ€™anic semantic has shown the contestation which not only did it appear in the sphere of meaning (dilalah), but more deeply in played a dialectics of language between oral notion (al-Qurâ€™an/kalam) and the recipient (khitab al-Qurâ€™an).
FENOMENA BENCANA DALAM AL-QURAN: Perspektif Pergeseran Teologi dari Teosentris ke Antroposentris
Authors: MuÃ­n Munawir
Published: May 2018

This writing discuss abot phenomena of disaster in the world which actually it has been discussionÂ in the quran. Disaster divided to be two categories according Quran : natural categories andÂ unnatural categories. First categories indicate of Godâ€™s decision as like volcanoes. This categoryÂ refers to Godâ€™s decision without human intervention and human could not refuse it.Second categoryÂ is disaster because of human effort, for instance : flood and land move. By this theologian pointÂ of view so disaster had not something given, where human should receive it as it as happened,Â otherwise role of human possible for changing between a destiny and another destiny, dependÂ on what human endeavor. Finnaly by this theologian understanding , magic consciousness whichÂ very integrated with society mind set changing become critical consciousness.
KEBENARAN TUHAN DI DALAM AL-QURAN
Authors: Anam Dimisqi Chaerul
Published: May 2018

This writing is try to explain and proven the truth of Kalam Muhammad in Quran especiallyÂ al mukminun : 12-14 verses. Two important things in this explanation are first , theory ofÂ science is not wrong and some part of them have relevancy with quran. Modern science findÂ the synchronizationof qurâ€™an in the step of creat human embryo whereas quran was arrival in 7Â century. Secondly the truth of quran as wahyu which the contain and meaning had been impossibleÂ could be done by people in the seven century so there is no suspicion with quran.
HERMENEUTIKA HANS-GEORG GADAMER DAN SIGNIFIKANSINYA TERHADAP PENAFSIRAN AL-QURAN
Authors: Hanif Muh.
Published: May 2018

The paper discusses the introduction of hermeneutics, Gadamer's biography, Gadamer's hermeneutics and Quranic exegesis, and examples of interpreters using the Gadamer hermeneutics model. hermeneutics tried to grasp the meaning of the Quranic text. Meaning comes from the German "Meinen" which means "to be in the mind or right." Meanings are produced on the basis of a fusion of horizon or a mixture of the author's horizon of thought, reader, and text.  interpretation is a productive act involving the subjectivity of the interpreter and is influenced by the historical reality and the presupposition of the interpreter. Gadamer hermeneutics is widely applied in the way of interpretation of the Qur'an bi al-ra'yi.
PENDEKATAN HERMENEUTIKA AL-QURAN KONTEMPORER NASHR HAMID ABU ZAID
Authors: Zayyadi Ahmad
Published: May 2018

The controversial thoughts of Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd provide enough variation and inspiration for the development of religious thought, especially regarding the hermeneutical theory applied in the gender discourse and women discussed in this article. In general, his hermeneutical theory of Abu Zayd is more critical of the study of the Qur'an as a "productive hermeneutics" reading in the words of hans George Gadamer, and al-qira'ah al-muntijah according to Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd. This reading model is a new way of reading the Qur'an productively. the author uses hermeneutics through the primary texts in Islamic law especially the Qur'an and sunnah. this humanist-critical- earning reading method has in part inspired some Muslim scholars to interpret the Qur'an, such as Fazlur Rahman, Mohammed Arkoun, Hassan Hanafi, and Farid Essack. Nevertheless, Abu Zayd deepens his humanistic hermeneutics by providing an interpretation that can reveal the side of justice in a text mainly related to discriminatory texts against women, justice, democracy, and human rights. Abu Zayd's hermeneutical theory was then applied to gender and women's issues through the interpretive theories of al-Qur'an and Sunna texts as a contribution to contemporary Islamic legal thought.
PERTAUTAN ANTARA READER, TEXT, DAN AUTHOR DALAM MEMAHAMI NASH
Authors: Nurhakim Imam
Published: May 2018

In the process of understanding the religious text, the reader, text, and author are the three elements that each other are inseparable and / or interrelated. Separating the three can lead to an attitude of authoritarianism in understanding the meaning of texts. The attitude of authoritarianism is an act of arbitrariness in understanding the meaning of texts so it is not uncommon to assume the correct understanding.To avoid such authoritarianism, according to Khaled, negotiations between the three (reader, text, and author) should be established, so that each does not dominate each other in the process of determining the meaning of texts. In other words, the determination of meaning comes from a complex, interactive, dynamic and dialectical process between the three elements (text, author, and the reader). In addition, to stem, prevent and refrain, groups, and religious organizations from authoritarianism in determining the meaning of religious texts, Khaled also proposed five precepts: honesty, self-control, sincerity, whole, and rationality.
TAFSIR MAQASIDI: PENAFSIRAN AL-QURAN BERBASIS MAQASID AL-SYARIAH
Authors: Hasan Mufti
Published: May 2018

This paper will present a new perspective in understanding the Quran, which is the interpretation of the Quran which is oriented towards achieving the purpose of the shariâ€™a. Contemporary scholars  call  it  the  â€˜at-tafsi>r  al-maqa>s}idi>â€™  or  â€˜purposive  (maqasidic)  exegesisâ€™.  This approach is expected to solve the problems faced by exegetes, such as the gap between text and context. The basic assumption of this approach is that the Quran was revealed definite with the aim, so that actually interpret the Quran has exposed that purpose, and reflect on the exegeses context. Theories of maqasid ash-shariah introduced the scholars can serve as the basis of Quranâ€™s interpreting, including Jasser Audaâ€™s theory. Auda assumes sharia work similar to the way the system works. Sharia devices, including the Quran, has six features, namely the nature of the cognition, holistic, openness, interconnection hierarchy, and purposiveness. Based on these features, the author make five steps in the interpretation of the Quran: 1) identifications of verses; 2) identifications of meanings;  3) explorations of maqa>s}id  al-syari>â€™ah, and 4) contextualization of meanings;  and  5) conclusion.
KEPEMIMPINAN NON MUSLIM DALAM TAFSIR AL-MISBAH KARYA M. QURAISH SHIHAB
Authors: Munawir Munawir
Published: May 2018

Non-Muslim leadership becomes a problematic issue in the context of inter-religious relations in Indonesia, especially for Muslims in conducting religious-social-political relations with non-Muslims. The problematic position of this non-Muslim leadership issue is the state constitution allows but the religious constitution (based on the textuality of the Qur'an) forbids. How does M. Quraish Shihab respond as well as answer the problematic of the people in the case? It is this core issue that will be tested by the answer through this research. Using the descriptive-inferential method and the philosophical-historical approach (philosophical and historical approach), the conclusion that M. Quraish Shihab in interpreting the verses (ban) of non-Muslim leadership (Surat al-Maidah: 51, QS Ali 'Imran: 28, and QS al-Mumtahanah: 1) is contextual, or in other words, the verses are understood to be sociological and not theological. Therefore he allows non-Muslim leadership as long as the non-Muslims are not of a hostile group of Islam, even he does not allow the leadership of a Muslim if a Muslim is actually injurious Islam and harms the interests of Muslims.
Analytical Buckling of FG Nanobeams on The Basis of A New One Variable First-Order Shear Deformation Beam Theory
Authors: MALİKAN Mohammad , DASTJERDİ Shahriar
Published: May 2018

In this work, buckling
analysis of functionally graded (FG) nanobeams based on a new refined beam theory
has been analyzed. The beam is modeled as an elastic beam subjected to
unidirectional compressive loads. To achieve this aim, the new obtained beam
theory has only one variable which lead to one equation similar to Euler beam
theory and also is free of any shear correction factor. The equilibrium
equation has been formulated by the nonlocal theory of Eringen to predict
small-scale effects. The equation has been solved by Navier’s approach by which critical
buckling loads have been obtained for simple boundaries. Finally, to approve
the results of the new beam theory, various beam theories have been compared.
IMPLEMENTASI NILAI DASAR PERJUANGAN HIMPUNAN MAHASISWA ISLAM TERHADAP PEMBINAAN KADER HMI KOTA PALEMBANG
Authors: Heryati Heryati , Rusdiana Yusinta Tia
Published: May 2018

Pemikiran-pemikiran Cak Nur masih sangat mempengaruhi kader HMI Cabang Palembang. Oleh karena itu, maka tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap pemikiran-pemikiran Cak Nur yang mempengaruhi kader HMI Cabang Palembang, khususnya pemikirannya yang terdapat di dalam NDP HMI yang telah ia susun. Penelitian ini merupakan kajian lapangan (field research) yang terfokus mengkaji implementasi NDP HMI dalam pembinaan kader pada HMI Cabang Palembang dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan paradigma induktif. Metode dan paradigma tersebut dipilih atas pertimbangan terhadap analisis masalah penelitian yang menuntut sejumlah informasi dari bawah berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip penelitian kualitatif. Pendekatan kesejarahan, sosiologis, dan fenomenologis menjadi pilihan agar tujuan penelitian dapat tercapai dengan baik. Adapun jenis data dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif-kuantitatif. Data penelitian terdiri dari data primer dan sekunder. Hasil dalam penelitian ini adalahpertama, NDP pada awalnya merupakan kertas kerja PB HMI periode 1966-1969 yang disusun oleh Cak Nur. Saat itu, ia menjabat Ketua Umum. Adapun latar historis pembuatan konsep NDP ini, karena keterpanggilan Cak Nur agar kader HMI mempunyai buku saku. NDP HMI merupakan cerminan pemikiran keislaman, kemanusiaan dan keindonesiaan  khas HMI. Kedua, NDP bagi kader HMI cabang Palembang merupakan identitas kedirian kader atau jati dirinya, serta nilai-nilai yang mesti dijadikan dasar dalam perjuangan hidup, baik dalam berorganisasi, bermasyarakat, maupun bernegara. Untuk sampai pada tahap implementasi NDP bagi kader-kadernya, HMI cabang Palembang memberikan porsi yang sama bagi setiap kader untuk memperoleh pengajaran dan pendidikan tentang NDP secara berjenjang; mulai dari Masa Perkenalan Calon Anggota (MAPERCA), Latihan Kader I (LK I), LK II, LK III, sampai tingkatan yang paling tinggi, yaitu Training Instruktur NDP. Semua itu dilakukan agar setiap kader punya kesempatan untuk mengkaji, memahami, menjiwai dan mengaktualisasikan nilai-nilai yang terkandung dalam NDP. Ketiga, Cak Nur, sebagai  figur organisatoris maupun intelektual bagi kader HMI cabang Palembang memberikan pengaruh yang cukup signifikan, khususnya pemikiran-pemikirannya yang tertuang di dalam NDP HMI yang senantiasa dikaji dan diaktualisasikan dalam kehidupan berorganisasi, bermasyarakat dan bernegara
BERDIRINYA GEREJA KRISTEN JAWI WETAN (GKJW) TUNJUNGREJO KECAMATAN YOSOWILANGUN KABUPATEN LUMAJANG
Authors: Fitroh Ismaul
Published: May 2018

Tunjungrejo is one of the unique village located in the region of Lumajang. The uniqueness of the village Tunjungrejo saw in the presence of the religion believed by locals that Protestant religion. The uniqueness of the others is their house of worship, namely East Java Christian Church (GKJW). In its development, Protestant Christianity in Tunjungrejo is the role Brontodiwirjo. Brontodiwirjo as forest loggers Tunjungrejo is also a teacher of the gospel in this region. Along Tunjungrejo forest clearing, many newcomers who are Christians and non-Christians. To maintain the existence of Protestant Christianity, Brontodiwirjo as forest loggers Tunjungrejo apply the rule that people who want to settle in the region Tunjungrejo be Protestant. From this Tunjungrejo society formed by the belief in one religion. As a result of the continued development of the Protestant Christian church, he built a house of worship that is GKJW Tunjungrejo.
METHOD OF INCREASING EFFICIENCY OF ELECTROLYSERS BY USING HYDROGEN TECHNOLOGIES IN THE GROUP WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM OF THE LIMAN DISTRICT
Authors: Eldyshev Andzha Yurievich , Romanenko Nikolay Gennadievich
Published: May 2018

One of the main units in the water supply network of MUC "Liman water pipelines" is a water purification plant. Analysis of the water purification plant operation in Olya village revealed problems of imperfect use of electrolysis and overall nonrational application of power resources and electric equipment for water purification. There have been found main areas of concern in the plant of sodium hypochlorite production. There has been proposed the method for increasing efficiency of the station and reducing energy costs, as well as for increasing service life of the equipment. This method is based on the use of hydrogen as a fuel for heating the electrolyte before it enters the galvanic bath.
ALLIUM TEST AS A METHOD OF RESEARCHING ANTHROPOGENOUS LOAD
Authors: Popova Elena Ivanovna
Published: May 2018

In the course ofstudy of anthropogenous load upon theterritories located in the immediate vicinity of the construction site of a large petrochemical complex "ZapSibNeftekhim", LLC there were found common species for all territories: Achillea millefolium L., Aconitum septentrionale Koelle, Aegopodium podagraria L., Alchemilla sp ., Angelica sylvestris L., Calamagrostis arundinacea (L.) Roth, Carex acutiformis Ehrh., Carex macroura Meinsh., Carex sp ., Crepis sibirica L., Dryopteris carthusiana (Vill.) H. P. Fuchs, Equisetum sylvaticum L., Filipendula vulgaris Moench., Fragaria vesca L., Galium mollugo L., Geranium sylvaticum L., Hypericum maculatum Crantz, Lathyrus vernus (L.) Bernh., Lysimachia vulgaris L., Luzula pilosa (L.) Willd., Orthilia secunda (L.) House, Paris quadrifolia L. To determine the toxic effects of environmental contaminants on living objects there was used Allium test. Using plant concentrates of Achilléa millefólium L. (1), Calamagrostis arundinacea L. Roth. (2), Filipendula vulgaris Moench. (3) growing on monitoring sitesthere was determined the frequency of anomalies in mitosis of root meristems of onions ( Allium cepa L.) which is sensitive to increased impact of anthropogenous pollutants. An increase in mutagenic mitoses was recorded in stressful anthropogenic conditions: 29.88-31.20% (1); 21.91-24.80% (2); 30.46-47.66% (3). Analysis of the results determines the system of measures needed to improve the sustainability of plant communities. The overall effect quantitatively can be determined by measuring the inhibition of growth in the developing root system, and counting and studying the chromosomes of some cells of the root system can indicate possible mutagenic changes.
A morte em gerúndio: ciclicidade transcendente em Teolinda Gersão e Pepetela
Authors: Infante da Câmara Patrícia
Published: May 2018

Este ensaio parte dos romances A Árvore das Palavras e Mayombe para tentar estabelecer uma lógica causal, circular e cíclica de entendimento da violência, enquanto via de construção literária e cultural. Articula, a partir daí, conceções literárias e antropológicas para esboçar uma ideia de morte que não se esgota na sua leitura imanente, favorecendo antes uma visão mais ampla das suas potencialidades transformativas.
Um romance sobre o tempo: Que cavalos são aqueles que fazem sombra no mar?, de António Lobo Antunes
Authors: Stefanello Camila , Oliveira Raquel Trentin
Published: May 2018

Este artigo analisa a singular configuração do tempo no romance Que cavalos são aqueles que fazem sombra no mar? (2009), do escritor português António Lobo Antunes, com base, sobretudo, na teoria de Paul Ricoeur, e procura compreender a natureza da experiência temporal manifestada no discurso memorialístico das personagens narradoras.
A tensão dialética entre o eu e o outro em Eu hei-de amar uma pedra, de António Lobo Antunes
Authors: Prevedello Tatiana
Published: May 2018

A representação da identidade das personagens do romance Eu hei-de amar uma pedra, de António Lobo Antunes, mostra a instabilidade de indivíduos que não se fixam em uma imagem segura a respeito de si próprios e dos outros com os quais interagem na cena ficcional. A problematização apresentada por Paul Ricoeur em O si-mesmo como um outro (Soi-même comme un autre), relativa aos conceitos de mesmidade (mêmetè), que remete aos aspectos identitários mais estáveis do eu e sua relação com a permanência no tempo, e a ipseidade (ipséité), que abrange a condição mutável do ser, de modo que permaneça o “mesmo” sendo o “outro”, auxilia a compreender os mecanismos que  engendram a elaboração psíquica dos sujeitos projetados no texto. Nosso propósito é examinar as múltiplas e contraditórias formas de representações identitárias das personagens apresentadas no romance, cujos conflitos interiores auxiliam o desenvolvimento de uma contundente reflexão sobre a alteridade do ser diante da criação ficcional.
Henrique Freitas — O arco e a arkhé: ensaios sobre literatura e cultura
Authors: Graciano Igor Ximenes
Published: May 2018

Resenha do livro O arco e a arkhé: ensaios sobre literatura e cultura, de Henrique Freitas.
Motivasi, Pemahaman Profesi Guru, Dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Pemilihan Program Studi Di Lingkungan Fakultas Keguruan Dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Pancasakti Tegal (Studi Kasus Mahasiswa Angkatan Ta 2015-2016)
Authors: Wardhani Sri , Ekawati Yulia Nur , Sulistyawati Anin Eka
Published: May 2018

Profesi guru tidak dapat dipaksakan, tetapi lebih dari kesadaran diri dan ketulusan hatinya. LPTK sebagai penghasil guru (tenaga pendidik) memiliki peran penting dalam menghasilkan guru professional. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut, penelitian ini mencari tahu apakah ada hubungan yang signifikan antara motivasi mahasiswa dan pemilihan program studi di lingkungan FKIP UPS Tegal, dan apakah ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pemahaman mahasiswa terhadap profesi guru dengan pemilihan program studi di lingkungan FKIP UPS Tegal. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kasus yang mempelajari secara khusus faktor-faktor determinasi yang mempengaruhi mahasiswa memilih program studi di lingkungan FKIP. Instrumen untuk pengumpulan data menggunakan angket. Hasil angket yang diisi mahasiswa dari tujuh program studi di lingkungan FKIP UPS Tegal diolah dan dianalisis dengan perhitungan statistik menggunakan program SPSS. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara motivasi mahasiswa dengan pemilihan program studi di lingkungan FKIP UPS Tegal, dan juga tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pemahaman mahasiswa terhadap profesi guru dengan pemilihan program studi di lingkungan FKIP UPS Tegal.
Pengaruh Metode Pembelajaran Debat Aktif Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa SMAN 1 Belitang Hilir
Authors: Fatmawati Erni , Setiawan Imron
Published: May 2018

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: 1) Rata-rata hasil belajar siswa menggunakan metode pembelajaran konvensional 2) Rata-rata hasil belajar siswa menggunakan metode pembelajaran debat aktif 3) Perbedaan rata-rata hasil belajar siswa. Pendekatan yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kuantitatif. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian eksperimen, desain penelitian Quasy Eksperimental Design dengan rancangan penelitian Nonequivalent control group design. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bawa: 1) Rata-rata hasil belajar siswa menggunakan pembelajaran konvensional berada pada kategori baik dengan nilai 70,47; 2) Rata-rata hasil belajar siswa menggunakan pembelajaran debat aktif berada pada kategori sangat baik dengan nilai 81,17; 3) Terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar siswa berdasarkan thitung (-5,429) â‰¥ ttabel (2,045) dengan nilai Sig. (2-tailed) 0,00 â‰¤ 0,05 sehingga hipotesis alternatif (Ha) diterima dan hipotesis nol (Ho) ditolak.Kata Kunci: Metode Pembelajaran, Debat Aktif, Hasil Belajar.Â
Pembelajaran Matematika dengan Menggunakan Rel Kereta Bilangan pada Materi Penjumlahan dan Pengurangan Bilangan
Authors: Setiyawan Hery
Published: May 2018

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pegaruh pembelajaran matematika dengan menggunakan rel kereta bilangan pada materi penjumlahan dan pengurangan bilangan bulat kelas IV. Jenis Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Nonequavalent Control Group Desain. Instrumen penelitian dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan teknik kuis. Lokasi penelitian yaitu SDN Made 1 No.475 Surabaya Jl. Made Raya No. 31-33. Subjek penelitian yaitu siswa kelas IV-A dan IV-B. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh antara kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol. adanya perbedaan antara pembelajaran yang menggunakan media rel kereta bilangan dengan pembelajaran yang menggunakan garis bilangan. Dari jumlah presentase yang didapat dari analisis data respon siswa yang melebihi standar yang ditetapkan, maka dapat dikatakan penggunakan media rel kereta bilangan di kelas IV mendapat respon positif.Kata Kunci : Rel Kereta Bilangan, Penjumlahan ,Â  Pengurangan bilangan
Korelasi Kepemimpinan dan Perilaku Etis Kepala Sekolah dengan Motivasi Kerja dan Kinerja Guru SMP Pius Tegal
Authors: Apriani Dewi , Maria Mustika Dewi , Yulianto Albert Rony
Published: May 2018

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur koefisien hubungan kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dengan motivasi kerja guru; perilaku etis kepala sekolah dengan motivasi kerja guru; kepemimpinan dan perilaku etis kepala sekolah dengan motivasi kerja guru; serta motivasi kerja dengan kinerja guru. Subjek penelitian adalah 20 guru. Implikasi hasil penelitian: (1) kepala sekolah diharapkan mampu memimpin dan mengkoordinasi aktivitas sekolah sehingga hasilnya dapat dirasakan secara langsung oleh para guru, sekaligus meningkatkan motivasi kerja mereka; (2) kepala sekolah hendaknya selalu menampilkan sikap dan tindakan beretika agar para guru merasa diperhatikan dan dihargai sehingga meningkatkan semangat kerja mereka; (3) motivasi kerja guru tidak dapat dijadikan tolok ukur peningkatan kinerja guru, namun dapat diarahkan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas kerja di sekolah.Kata kunci: kepemimpinan, perilaku etis, motivasi kerja dan kinerja guru.
Penerapan Metode Field trip pada MK. Pendidikan Lingkungan Hidup untuk Meningkatkan Kepedulian Mahasiswa terhadap Permasalahan Sampah
Authors: Widiyanto Bayu
Published: May 2018

Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan rasa kepedulian manusia terhadap lingkungan yaitu dengan menerapkan metode field trip pada pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji keefektifan penerapan metode field trip (pengamatan pengelolaan sampah di lapangan) terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar bab persampahan dan peningkatan kepedulian mahasiswa terhadap lingkungan. Metode field trip merupakan metode pembelajaran di luar kelas, dimana peserta didik akan diajak untuk mengunjungi sebuah lokasi. Dengan mengunjungi langsung lokasi yang berhubungan dengan materi pelajaran, diharapkan peserta didik lebih paham dan mendapatkan gambaran secara nyata tentang materi yang sedang dipelajari. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian pretest-posttest control design. Sampel penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Pendidikan IPA FKIP UPS Tegal yang mengambil mata kuliah Pendidikan Lingkungan Hidup (PLH). Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan meliputi wawancara tidak terstruktur, dokumentasi, laporan danÂ  tes. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar mahasiswa mengalami peningkatan yang ditunjukkan dengan ketuntasan klasikal dari 76% menjadi 88% setelah dilakukan metode field trip. Oleh karena itu diharapkan metode field trip menjadi salah satu referensi guru dalam menciptakan pembelajaran bidang IPA khususnya PLH yang lebih baik.
Emancipation in an Islamophobic age: Finding agency in "nonrecognition," "refusal," and "self-recognition"
Authors: Ali Nadiya N.
Published: May 2018

The existing Islamophobia literature has aptly illustrated how the tragedy of 9/11 and the discourses that followed have situated ‘Muslims’ in a multifaceted system of reductive caricatures and security structures such that the Muslim subject “can at a moment’s notice be erected as [an] object of supervision and discipline” (Morey and Yaqin 2011: 5-6). The current paper builds off this structural analysis, however orients attention to the agents that sit at the receiving end of this architecture. Examining an annual multi-medium exhibit featuring the artistic works of Muslim women in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA), I ask what (re)imaginings and possibilities of place, voice and emancipation are available in our Islamophobic age? What possibilities can we detangle from closely engaging with the negotiation patterns of the agents living the everyday of Islamophobia. (Mus)interpreted - an amalgamation of misinterpreted and Muslim interpreted - is an exhibit oriented towards uncovering-dismantling-and-rectifying the politics of living and finding ‘home’ amidst the backdrop of the problematic subject frame. The paper will engage with the ‘artistic statements’ of nearly two dozen multi-medium curated pieces, and ask what possibilities of place, voice and emancipation remain for the post 9/11 Muslim subject in our increasingly securitized and racialized age. There will also be a sustained attention given to issues of recognition/misrecognition /nonrecognition, broadly asking if the politics of recognition is framed as the site for emancipatory re-imaginings, or as the curators put it, as the grounds for “inclusive-future[s]”?
“We must use every legal means to … put them behind bars, or to run them out of town”: Assembling citizenship deservingness in Toronto
Authors: Villegas Paloma E.
Published: May 2018

This paper examines the assemblage and reassemblage of citizenship deservingness in Canada in the past few decades. By citizenship deservingness, I refer to the ways immigrant and racialized persons are accorded value and opportunity to access and retain formal citizenship status, including the right to remain in Canada. In order to make this argument, I examine the response to a 2012 shooting in Scarborough, an “inner suburb” of Toronto, Canada. I situate the shooting responses alongside policy and discursive changes that have made it easier to deport permanent residents from Canada if they have committed certain criminal acts. As scholars have noted, the targets of such policies are often the same individuals profiled and typecast as committing criminal acts—namely, immigrant and racialized men. In the Scarborough shooting, Jamaican men were specifically criminalized and targeted for exile from the city and country. My analysis demonstrates how, through this process, discourses of race and space came together to produce and legitimate policy changes that continue to erode the rights accorded to permanent residents and citizens.
NEUROPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF RESVERATROL ON VALPROIC ACID INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS AUTISM IN SWISS ALBINO MICE
Authors: Tekula Madhukaran Reddy , Sunand K , Begum Nagia , Kakalij Rahul Motiram , Bakshi Vasudha
Published: May 2018

The present research work is aimed to investigate the anti-oxidant/neuroprotective role of Resveratrol in reversing the valproic acid induced autism in postnatal swiss albino mice. Separate 13 day old/ Post natal day (PND) 13 swiss albino mice of either sex into 5 groups, each group consists of six mice of either sex, groups namely Group I - Control, Group II - Resveratrol, Group III - Negative control, Group IV & V - Resveratrol treatment groups. On PND 14 administer single dose of Valproic acid (VPA) or Sodium Valproate (400 mg/kg, subcutaneously) to III, IV & V groups to induce autism. Treatment is given in two doses 10 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p) as Low dose and 40 mg/kg, i.p as High dose from the 13th day to the end of study. Assessment of autism is done by different behavioral screening methods during PND 14 to 40. Treatment with resveratrol significantly decline the autism symptoms compared with negative control. At the end of study on PND 41 all the animals were sacrificed to assess the biochemical estimations like Anticholinesterase enzyme, Total Protein, antioxidant enzyme (Catalase, Superoxide and Glutathione) activity and cerebellar histopathological examination. Treatment with Resveratrol has shown a significant beneficial difference on behavioral alterations, oxidative markers, neurotransmitters, and restoration of the altered purkinje cells of autism. This research work we conclude that resvertrol have a potent anti-oxidant, neuroprotective, anxiolytic, learning & memory enhancing agent against valproic acid induced autism.
FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT AND IN VIVO EVALUATION OF NEVIRAPINE SOLID DISPERSIONS BY SOLVENT EVAPORATION TECHNIQUE
Authors: Viswaja Medipalli , Bhikshapathi D.V.R.N
Published: May 2018

The objective of the present investigation is focused on the preparation of solid dispersions containing Nevirapine. The effect of various hydrophilic polymers on the aqueous solubility was studied. Kolliphor P188 was selected as carrier and solid dispersions were prepared by solvent evaporation technique. Evaluation of solid dispersion for percentage yield, drug content and solubility were most appropriate. Solid dispersions of drug: Kolliphor P188 and SLS (1:3:1 ratio) (SE9) shown higher dissolution rate i.e. 98.6% compared with and pure drug (37.5%) and other formulations. Powder X-ray diffraction performed on solid dispersion showed that Nevirapine existed in the amorphous form within the solid dispersion formulation fabricated using the solvent evaporation process. Additionally, scanning electron microscopy studies suggested the conversion of crystalline Nevirapine to an amorphous form. Therefore, the solid dispersions prepared by solvent evaporation method using Kolliphor P188 as hydrophilic carrier can be successfully used for improvement of solubility and dissolution of Nevirapine. Both in vitro dissolution testing and the in vivo studies demonstrated that the solubility and bioavailability of Nevirapine were significantly improved when formulated in a solid dispersion with Kolliphor P188 and SLS. The present study demonstrated that formulation of Nevirapine solid dispersion by solvent evaporation technique is a highly effective strategy for enhancing the bioavailability of poorly water soluble Nevirapine.
ANALYTICAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR THE ESTIMATION OF CANAGLIFLOZIN IN BULK AND FORMULATION BY RP- HPLC
Authors: Bhatt Darshan , Thatavarthi Padmini , Rajkamal B.
Published: May 2018

A simple and sensitive reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic method was developed and successively validated for the estimation of Canagliflozin. In the new method, Canagliflozin separation was carried out by the nonpolar inertsil ODS-3 (250 × 4.6 mm, 5μ) column with a mobile phase composition of Ammonium acetate buffer (pH-4.5) and Acetonitrile in the ratio of 30:70% v/v. Canagliflozin was determined at 252 nm using UV detection and the compound was eluted at the retention time of 4.5 min. As per International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines, the method was validated and the parameters were precision, accuracy, linearity, limit of detection, limit of quantitation and robustness. The chromatographic method was accurate, linear, specific, precise and robust. The results of method concluded that the proposed RP-HPLC method is useful, convenient and reliable in regular analysis of Canagliflozin in bulk and its formulation.
ANTI HYPERLIPIDEMIC POTENTIAL OF POLYHERBAL FORMULATION IN WISTAR ALBINO RATS
Authors: Rajesham V. Venkata , Bhikshapathi D.V.R.N
Published: May 2018

The present study aimed that evaluation of anti hyperlipidemic activity of Momordica charantia, stem and root of Tinospora cordifolia, whole plant of Andrographis paniculata and wood of Pterocarpus marsupium and leaves of Gymnema sylvestre by Maceruation method. Individually and combined both plants extracted poly herbal extraction and screened for phytochemical study and Anti-Hyperlidemic activity by Triton X 100 Induced Hyperlipidemia model, High Fat Diet (FD) induced hyperlipidemic model, Estimation of Serum total cholesterol (TC) CHOD- PAP, Estimation of serum triglycerides, Estimation of HDL-cholesterol, Estimation of LDL cholesterol, Phytochemical investigation reveals the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, steroids, triterpinoids, carbohydrates and glycosides in poly herbal methanolic extraction and individual plant extraction, In acute toxicity studies no mortality was observed with either of the extracts even at the dose level of 2000 mg/kg body weight In the present study, the methanol extracts of three plants reduced the cholesterol and triglycerides in a manner similar to the reduction facilitated by atorvastatin. The hypolipidemic activities of atorvastatin and the methanol extract of individual and polyherbal extraction were evident in both synthesis and excretory phases of triton-induced hyperlipidemia in rats.
COSMETIC REGULATIONS IN INDIA VS. GLOBALLY AND CHALLENGES IN HARMONIZATION
Authors: Singh Brij Mohan , Jain Ayushi , Mishra Anoop
Published: May 2018

Cosmetics market has been increasing tremendously in the world and providing a way in which a person can change his or her appearance and make the product instantly noticeable and attractable. Most consumers use cosmetic and personal care products every day to protect their health, enhance their well-being and boost their self-esteem. Ranging from antiperspirants, fragrances, make-up and shampoos, to soaps, sunscreens and toothpastes, cosmetics play an essential role in all stages of our life and have important functional and emotional benefits. The cosmetics industry is a science-driven, fast paced and a highly innovative sector which grows four folds annually which makes a significant social and economic contribution to national and regional economies across worldwide. Through the purchase of goods and services and the payment of taxes the cosmetics industry generates multiple rounds of economic spending worldwide. Considering globalization of Cosmetics, the regulatory compliance with international regulations is the first step towards ensuring that are safe for humans and the environment, and to subsequently create or re-develop products that respond to the ever-changing expectations of consumers of international markets. The cosmetic industry, from manufacturers to traders, must be able to adapt to a constantly changing framework. Even if there is a tendency to unite cosmetic legislations across countries, enough differences remain and may result in lack of compliance and product recalls or sanctions. In this article, we examine and establish the need for harmonization of regulations globally.
DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF SUSTAINED RELEASE FLOATING MICROSPHERES CONTAINING ROPINIROLE HCL
Authors: Subbarao Koppula , Suresh Gande
Published: May 2018

Current investigation was to develop gastro retentive floating microsphere for Ropinirole. These microspheres of Ropinirole were prepared by ionic gelation method with an aim of increasing the gastric residence time and for controlled release. Sodium alginate, HPMCK15, Gaur gum was used as polymers. Sodium bicarbonate was used as the gas-forming gent. Prepared microspheres were characterized for micromeretic properties, entrapment efficiency, buoyancy study, SEM analysis, FTIR, and in vitro dissolution studies. Among 14 formulations F12 was found to be optimized and based on the evaluation parameters. The % buoyancy, % yield, % entrapment efficiency and swelling index of F12 formulation was 94.50, 97.58, 98.10% and 96.14%, respectively. The Cumulative % drug release of F12 formulation was 98.16 ± 5.15 in 12 h when compared with marketed product 90.16 ± 5.00 in 12 h. SEM studies showed the particles were in spherical shape. Hence the formulated floating Ropinirole microspheres may establish to be potential candidate for safe and effective sustained drug delivery and improve the bioavailability in the effective management of Parkinson’s disease.
DEVELOPMENT AND IN VIVO EVALUATION LOVASTATIN BY SELF-NANOEMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
Authors: Priya Keerthi , Bhikshapathi D. V. R. N.
Published: May 2018

In the present investigation, self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS), of Lovastatin is being formulated to increase the solubility and bioavailability. The optimized Lovastatin SNEDDS formulation (F8) has a composition of Acrysol EL 135 as oil phase, Lauro glycol 90 and Capmul MCM as surfactant and co-surfactant respectively. Formulation F8 was found to be best formulation based on evaluation parameters. No drug precipitation or phase separation was observed in the optimized formulation. The particle size of the optimized formulation was found to be 4.9 nm & Z-Average of 71.5 nm indicating all the particles were in the nanometer range. The zeta potential of the optimized SNEDDS formulation was found to be -13.7 mV which comply with the requirement of the zeta potential for stability. Furthermore, pharmacokinetic studies in rats indicated that compared to the pure drug, the optimized SMEDDS formulation significantly improved the oral bioavailability of Lovastatin. Therefore, from our results the study suggests that the Lovastatin loaded self-nanoemulsifying formulation has a great potential for clinical application.
QBD-BASED DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF TIME-DEPENDENT CHRONOPHARMACEUTICAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM OF AMOXICILLIN TRIHYDRATE FOR MANAGEMENT OF BACTERIAL INFECTION
Authors: Prasad Shyam Narayan , Sahoo Ashok Kumar , Gothoskar Abhijit V.
Published: May 2018

The present studies discuss about the quality by design (QbD)-based development and evaluation of chronomodulated release drug delivery system of amoxicillin trihydrate for management of bacterial infection. Initially, target product profile was defined and critical quality attributes were earmarked. Risk assessment study was performed for identifying the critical material attributes. Preformulation studies were carried out, and direct compression method was employed for the preparation of bilayer matrix tablets containing a delayed and a sustained release layer for preliminary optimization. Systematic formulation optimization was carried out using central composite design by selecting the concentration of Eudragit-L100 D55 and HPMCK4M. Mathematical modeling was performed and optimized compositions of the polymers were identified from the design space. Moreover, the prepared bilayer tablets were evaluated for various tablet properties including in vitro drug release study, release kinetics evaluation and characterized for FTIR, DSC, XRD, SEM studies, in vitro was-off test, antimicrobial assay and accelerated stability studies. In a nutshell, the present studies indicated the supremacy of designing a chronomodulated release bilayer tablet formulations of amoxicillin trihydrate for effective management of bacterial infections.
ANTI-METASTATIC POTENTIALITY OF PURIFIED ANTHOCYANIN FROM OSBECKIA ASPERA (L.) BLUME. AND O. RETICULATA BEDD. AGAINST SELECTED HUMAN CANCER CELL LINES
Authors: Lawarence Bosco , K Murugan
Published: May 2018

To evaluate the anti-metastatic potentialities of purified anthocyanin from Osbeckia aspera (L.) Blume. and O. reticulata Bedd. against selected human cancer cell lines such as HT29 colon, MG63 bone and HeLa cervical by using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, apoptosis and DNA fragmentation test. Anthocyanin was extracted from the in vitro callus culture of the Osbeckia species, purified using amberlite column chromatography and fractionated by LC-MS/MS. Anthocyanin producing callus cultures were trialed on MS medium fortified with various combinations of phytohormones and sucrose. Significant callus formation in O. aspera was initiated in cultures containing 0.5 mg/L of 2, 4-D and 0.5 mg/L BA, while that in O. reticulata was initiated with 1.2 mg/L BA and 1.4 mg/L NAA. The same hormonal combinations on sub-culturing turned white friable callus into red compact callus. Purified anthocyanins obtained from O. aspera and O. reticulata contained Malvidin-3 -diglucoside, delphinidin, cyanindin aglycone and Peonidin. Osbeckia species displayed differential responses against the HT29 colon, MG63 bone and HeLa cervical cancer cell lines in terms of IC50 values of toxicity. O. aspera was more effective against HeLa cervical cell lines (23.7µg/ml) followed by HT29 colon (64.7µg/ml) as compared to O. reticulata. Poor selectivity index was noticed with bone cancer cell lines. The results were substantiated by apoptotic analysis and DNA fragmentation results. The overall results suggest that the purified anthocyanin of O. aspera and O. reticulata was excellent as antimetastatic and warrant further studies to isolate novel compounds for chemotherapeutic use.
A NEW QUANTITATIVE ANALYTICAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR THE ANALYSIS OF BOCEPREVIR IN BULK AND MARKETED FORMULATION
Authors: Chandramowli Bhetanabotla , Kumar B M Syam , Bhikshapathi D. V. R. N. , Rajkamal Bigala B
Published: May 2018

A simple, precise and accurate RP-HPLC technique was developed and the developed method was validated for the regular analysis of Boceprevir. Chromatographic analysis was performed by selecting X-Terra ODS ( C18) column (4.6 mm i.d. × 250 mm, 5μ), Acetonitrile : Phosphate buffer pH -3 ( 90 : 10% v/v) as mobile phase, 1.0 ml/min as flow rate and 20μl injection volume. The LC chromatographic peak was eluted at 3.6 min at 235 nm as UV detection wavelength. The developed method was validated as per the ICH guidelines and the Validation parameters were specificity, accuracy, linearity, precision, LOD and LOQ. Linear relationship for Boceprevir established in the concentration range of 50 to 150μg/mL. Accuracy in terms of percentage recovery found in the range between 98 to 101%. LOD and LOQ values were found to be 2.3 and 7.123μg/mL respectively. The results of the method established that the new RP-HPLC method is convenient and simple in regular analysis of Boceprevir in bulk and capsule formulation.
Anodik spark oksitleme tekniği ile üretilen titanyum dioksit (TiO2) kaplamaların karakterizasyonu ve fotokatalitik özellikleri
Authors: DİKİCİ Tuncay , YURDDAŞKAL Metin
Published: May 2018

İleri oksidasyon teknolojilerinden biri olan fotokatalitik bozunma, organik kirleticilerin temizlenmesinde ve su arıtımında ümit verici yöntemlerden biri olmaya başlamıştır.  Fotokatalistler arasında en dikkat çekeni ise, yüksek fotoaktiviteye sahip, kararlı ve düşük maliyetli olan titanyum dioksit (TiO2) yarı iletken malzemesidir.  Bu çalışmada TiO2 kaplamalar, fosforik asit (H3PO4) içerikli elektrolit içerisinde saf titanyumun anodik spark oksitleme metodu ile anotlanması sonucu üretilmiştir.  Farklı elektrolit konsantrasyonlarının (0.25-2 M H3PO4) altık yüzeyinde oluşan TiO2’nin mikroyapısına, yüzey morfolojisine ve fotokatalitik performansına olan etkileri incelenmiştir.  TiO2 kaplamaların kristalin fazları X ışını kırınım cihazı (XRD) ile belirlenmiştir.  Yüzeylerin mikroyapısı, taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) ile analiz edilmiştir.  Örneklerin fotokatalitik aktivite testleri, farklı zaman aralıklarında UV ışık altında metilen mavisi çözeltisinin bozundurma çalışmaları ile saptanmıştır.  En yüksek fotokatalitik aktivite 1 M elektrolit konsantrasyonunda üretilen TiO2 kaplamasında elde edilmiştir.  Deneysel çalışma sonuçları, hem morfolojideki hem de kristal yapıdaki değişikliklerin TiO2 kaplamaların fotoaktivitesi üzerinde güçlü bir etkiye sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. 
The Venezuelan Crisis and Brazil's South American Policy
Authors: Ribeiro Erik Herejk
Published: May 2018

The  political  crisis  in  Venezuela  is  one  of  the  most  important  regional  developments  for  Brazil in 2016, along with its own domestic crisis and the presidency of macri in Argentina. michel  Temer’s  new  government  has  showed  a  willingness  to  undertake  changes  in  the  foreign  policy  of  Brazil.  The  Venezuelan  crisis  is  a  crucial  variable  to  analyse  the  political  realignments  after  years  of  gradual  progress  in  south  American  regional  integration.  The  position  taken  against  maduro’s  government  symbolises  a  swerve  towards  uncertainty  in  mercosur and happens in the context of external pressure to sign inter-regional economic agreements. Unfortunately, the fragility of democracy is not an exclusive feature of Venezuela in  south  America,  but  a  recurrent  regional  phenomenon.  This  intense  political  dispute  has  roots  in  the  different  economic  models  proposed  for  the  region.  in  the  2000s  Brazil  reached  a  stable  development  path,  called  the  Logistic  state,  which  combines  elements  from neoliberalism and social developmentalism. Currently, the country needs to revitalise Mercosur  and  persuade  the  South American  leaders  on  the  benefits  of  regionalism  over unrestrained  globalisation.  however,  it  is  probable  that  the  regional  crisis  will  continue  for  the  coming  years.  Thus,  Brazil  may  progressively  lose  the  position  of  regional  leader  and  interlocutor with the outside world; and a disordered process of globalisation may permeate south America.
Building on a Common Identity for Regional Security in South America: the role of the Union de Naciones Sudamericanas (UNASUR)
Authors: De Guzman Augusto
Published: May 2018

The emergence of the Union de Naciones Sudamericanas (UNASUR), combining the trade blocs of Mercosur and the Andean Community of Nations, effectively turns the continent into a single intergovernmental organization. On this basis, the continent may be able to provide a stronger counterbalance to the hemispheric hegemon to the north and render the Organization of American States (OAS) futile. But, this article argues, the long-term success of this move will largely depend on its ability to effectively subjugate or control historical rivalries and divergent national interests between the member states marked by many differences among them; to build institutional capacity and maintain domestic political stability while solidifying democracy in the region, among a number of factors.