bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategic Shocks: Managing Discontinuous Change
Authors: Pullen William
Published: May 2006

In the 1990s, demands for change in public organizations are
reaching new and unfamiliar levels. The continuing fiscal crisis and
widespread disenchantment with governing institutions suggest that
traditional change practices that gradually adapt public organizations
to their environment are losing credibility. Abrupt discontinuities such
as severe budget cuts or the wholesale reassignment of a mandate are
becoming more common. These discontinuous changes present public
managers with an extraordinary challenge to transform their
organizations. Managing such change requires different skills and
techniques and will be a conclusive test of leadership. Develops a
conceptual framework to help managers to think about managing strategic
shocks that have no precedent.
Impact Fees: A Method of Paying for Growth in Florida
Authors: Simmonds Keith C.
Published: May 2006

Focuses on impact fee adoption as a means of financing growth in an
increasing number of Florida communities. The discussion includes the
types of impact fees, their multiple uses, the extent to which they have
increased in number, and subsequent increases in costs to residents of
new development. Concluding observations offer an analysis on the
interplay of economic and political variables that may help to explain
the present status of impact fees in Florida and their probable
continued growth in Florida localities. While impact fees may be revenue
enhancement mechanisms, they also raise serious policy making questions,
the answers to which will depend on local political and economic
circumstances.
Boardrooms Today: How Do You Measure up?
Authors: Buchanan‐Barrow Paul
Published: May 2006

Examines the wider issues of corporate governance based on the
Korn‐Ferry annual survey of companies. Looks at: the composition of a
board of directors; the things which concern boards of directors in the
UK compared with the USA; and what are currently held to be the
qualifications for non‐executive directors.
The Person behind the Leader: The Value of Personal
Development
Authors: Kaplan Robert E.
Published: May 2006

Executive character has everything to do with executive leadership.
Based on intensive research on senior managers in large companies,
describes a typical type of executive character – intense, driven,
hard‐driving. Also describes what development and change looks like in
driven senior managers.
You Mean Like John Cleese? Using Actors and Drama in the
Business Environment
Authors: Higgs Nigel
Published: May 2006

Explains the various ways in which actors, drama, and the
techniques and exercises used in drama, can work productively within the
business sector. Discusses some experiences and results achieved using
these methods. Concludes that acting has much to give the commercial
sector, and can give it in a positive and enjoyable way for training in
presentation, teamwork, leadership, negotiations, etc. through, for
instance, industrial theatre, in role play.
Accrediting Managers’ Learning: The Way Forward for
Executive Development?
Authors: Preston Diane , Smith Alison
Published: May 2006

Describes an investigation into the use of the accreditation of
prior learning (APL) within management training and development. A
review of training managers use and opinions of APL within companies in
the East Midlands region revealed some surprises. Despite the promotion
of APL and its benefits through the Management Charter Initiative (MCI)
managers remain somewhat sceptical and confused about the APL process.
A Strategic Vision for Our Information Age
Authors: Martinsons Maris G.
Published: May 2006

Argues for the importance of placing a higher priority on
information resources and managing their strategic contributions to the
business. Gives details of an executive development programme which aims
to infuse senior executives with insight to manage information as a
strategic resource.
How to Map Team Effectiveness
Authors: Margerison Charles , McCann Dick
Published: May 2006

Managers may not have a model which enables them to diagnose the
kind of people needed to fit various roles in a team. The Team
Management Wheel was developed through discussions with managers on how
to improve team work. Shows how managers can use a number of measures to
provide a cognitive map so that they can identify the kind of work
required for effective team performance.
BS 5750: The Message for Managers
Authors: O’Brien Paula
Published: May 2006

Quality has become an increasingly important issue. Describes a
survey conducted within a training organization examining the
implementation of a quality initiative BS 5750. Its implementation in
the service sector is relatively new and therefore documented case
studies remain sparse. Aims to reveal staff attitudes during the
implementation process and examine what implications they have for
managers and for future methods of implementation.
Business Schools: Ostrich Syndrome
Authors: Jameel Hasan S.M.
Published: May 2006

Examines the incongruency between what business schools teach and
what business organizations actually need. Suggests a need for reform.
Explores the American Assembly of Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB)
accreditation standards and suggests that this needs much clarification.
States that emphasis should be less on the evaluation of “the
institutional machinery of business schools” and more on
management education′s “impact on society” as an indication
of success. Concludes that more innovative action is needed within the
management education process.
SUPPORT FOR NEWLY QUALIFIED ENTRANTS TO THE SPEECH AND
LANGUAGE THERAPY PROFESSION: IMPLICATIONS FOR MANAGERS
Authors: McCartney Elspeth , Kerr Jane , Cannon Linda , Martin Peter
Published: May 2006

Reports on a survey of 1990 and 1991 graduates entering the speech
and language therapy profession in the UK and on the experiences of six
new therapists in one “good practice” area, Ayrshire and
Arran Health Board. Results show that new therapists were given a great
deal of help and support from professional managers, and valued it
highly. They chose posts which offered a mixed client load and good
induction packages. Pre‐service training reflected work carried out in
service, but all client groups had not been accessed during training.
Issues relating to throughput and case‐load management required most
support. They made successful personal adaptations to the work
environment, and managers found them effective overall. Calculates the
costs of supporting new therapists. Highlights the need to maintain
professional support and discusses the potential difficulties involved
in doing so in relation to NHS reforms.
HIV/AIDS: SOME ORGANIZATIONAL AND MANAGERIAL ISSUES
Authors: Bennett Chris
Published: May 2006

Discusses factors emerging from research into the management and
organizational processes involved in developing services for HIV/AIDS
which affected the speed and character of the response made by health
authorities. An early response was promoted by perceived high local
prevalence, an existing service infrastructure, and high status
individuals “championing” the issue and helping to foster a
mobilizing sense of crisis. Responses were shaped by the diverse
interests and perspectives of those developing services; the lack of
established guidelines for treatment and service delivery; and
ring‐fenced funding. The idiosyncratic nature of initial service
development has sometimes made later strategic choices difficult. Argues
that if the momentum of service development is to be sustained, HIV/AIDS
needs to be integrated into mainstream service provision and managers
need improved information about local prevalence and the evaluation of
service initiatives.
Five Years Post‐Chernobyl: Accumulation of
γ‐radioactivity in Intertidal Organisms (Skye, UK)
Authors: Pyatt F.B. , Beaumont E.H.
Published: May 2006

An analysis of radioactivity in organisms inhabiting the intertidal
region of the Island of Skye revealed accumulation of gamma
radioactivity by specific organisms, such as lichens, to be markedly
enhanced as compared with other autotrophs. The movement of
radioactivity through trophic levels culminating in organisms such as
the predator Nucella lapillus is described. A comparison with
previous work indicates a marked decrease in the gamma count in these
organisms due to a variety of factors as discussed. The importance of
the position of the organism on the shore during the post‐Chernobyl
contaminated rainfall is reiterated.
Triboluminescence : A Possible Indicator of Exposure to
Radiation – The Chernobyl Accident
Authors: Orel Valeri E.
Published: May 2006

Proposes use of the triboluminescence of blood and condensed
exhaled air products (which accompanies mechano‐chemi‐emission effects
in biological objects) as a quantative test of levels of exposure, for
example, to radiation. Describes trial of this technique on victims of
the Chernobyl accident. Offers an explanatory model.
Information: The Key to Europe
Authors: Cooper James
Published: May 2006

Reports on some provisional findings of a Delphi study, canvassing
the views of experts in six countries on how they see logistics in ten
years′ time. Focuses on three main themes: how mastery of information
systems will be critical to success in logistics; the changing structure
of logistics systems, notably among multinational producers; and how
environmental concerns are shaping up as key considerations in
logistics. Describes major challenges for both users and providers of
logistics services in the 1990s.
The Supply Chain Game
Authors: Horscroft Peter
Published: May 2006

Describes the development of a computer‐based game, “The
Supply Chain Game”, designed to allow teams of managers to
experience the management of a multi‐level supply chain. The game
provides a practical and realistic learning experience based on actual
data and can be used as both a competitive team exercise and as a
stand‐alone training aid. It is beneficial in enhancing team building,
training and promoting the understanding of logistics.
Winning Orders by Better Logistics
Authors: Mather Hal
Published: May 2006

Argues that yesterday′s ways of gaining competitive advantage no
longer work and that tomorrow′s opportunity lies in profitability
delighting customers – giving them something more than they expect
while making money at the same time. Availability when desired, fast
response to market changes and reduced assets are just some of the
benefits improved logistics can bring. Making the supply chain more
flexible is one way of delighting customers with quick response. This
involves changed layouts, fast set‐ups and partnering with vendors.
Demand volatility should be dampened, especially the volatility induced
by internal policies, programmes and measurements. Products should be
designed to have variability added at the last moment, i.e. a
“mushroom” design. Improved customer service and reduced
assets occur simultaneously. Ensuring you have an optimum product
portfolio focuses resources on those items with most potential for
profits. Believes that measurements should motivate people to look at
their external performance, rather than myopically looking at internal
measures of success.
Allied Breweries: The changing role of the business development manager
Authors: Schmidt Ruth A. , Vignali Claudio , Davies Barry J.
Published: May 2006

Based on an interview with a senior manager at Joshua Tetley &
Son Ltd about the changing role of the business development manager.
Summarizes the changes in the brewery industry following a report of the
Monopolies and Mergers Commission in 1989 which reduced the number of
public houses a brewery could own and aimed at introducing competitive
forces into the brewery industry. Considers how Allied Breweries Ltd
reacted to the report with reference to the area managers whose jobs
have been repositioned as business development managers and whose
objectives are to sell the brewery′s products by offering a parcel of
benefits.
TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN THE UK RETAIL SECTOR
Authors: Porter Leslie J. , Smith Geoffrey S.
Published: May 2006

Reviews the level of awareness and use of total quality management
(TQM) in the UK retail sector. Surveys top management in retailing for
views on TQM and reviews the results to establish knowledgeability of
quality issues and the degree of receptiveness to TQM. Seeks views on
process improvement and priority business areas, to establish the extent
of compatibility between retailer goals and the TQM approach. Considers
the potential use of TQM as a means of driving quality improvement in
the light of theory, experience and the survey.
SUNDAY WORKING IN THE RETAIL TRADE
Authors: Freathy Paul , Sparks Leigh
Published: May 2006

For many individuals, Sunday working in retailing is simply a fact
of life. With many retailers trading, some legally, others illegally, on
a Sunday, there is a need to understand the Sunday labour market.
Provides a general summary of the findings of a major survey into the
structure, composition, terms and conditions and motivations of this
Sunday retail workforce.
IT AND THE SMALL RETAIL BUSINESS
Authors: Kirby D.A. , Turner Martin J.S.
Published: May 2006

Information technology is generally accepted as an important source
of competitive advantage for the small retail business, though UK
research indicates that the take‐up rate has been slow. Examines the
factors influencing take‐up among small food retail businesses in the
UK. Based on a sample of 148 customers of one major supplier, confirms
the findings from earlier research that the effective adoption of
information technology is facilitated by the expertise of the
owner‐manager and the influence of the large company supplier; and is
retarded by the owner‐manager failing to appreciate the benefits IT can
provide, particularly in terms of strategic management development and
control. Concludes that, given the symbiotic relationship existing
between supplier and retailer, suppliers need to ensure that their
smaller firm customers receive the requisite education and training to
facilitate IT adoption.
WOMEN IN CORPORATE MANAGEMENT: VIEWS OF CANADIAN CEOs
Authors: Burke Ronald J.
Published: May 2006

Reports a survey of Canadian male CEOs′ views on women in corporate
management. The results show ambivalence – which may capture
current corporate reality. Most CEOs recognized what barriers there were
to women advancing and how they could be tackled‐agreeing too, that much
of this was under CEO control. A number were unaware of demographic
change in the workforce or of the existence of barriers – those
seen were identified as difficult to address. Recommends new steps to be
taken.
WOMEN IN MANAGEMENT: THE “GLASS CEILING” AND HOW TO BREAK
IT
Authors: Petraki Kottis Athena
Published: May 2006

Makes an attempt to explain the factors that cause the phenomenon
of the “glass ceiling” for women in management. Suggests
that the main obstacle that prevents female managers from advancing to
top positions is their inability to generate and use informal power in
organizations which are usually dominated by a male culture. Discusses
various strategies that can be used to increase opportunities for the
advancement of women in management and makes proposals for specific
actions by employers to rectify the current situation.
GENDER EFFECTS IN SALARY INCREASES: A SHIFTING PENDULUM?
Authors: Thornicroft Kenneth W.
Published: May 2006

A large number of studies suggest that in experimental reward
allocation scenarios, females tend to underreward themselves vis‐à‐vis similarly situated males. However, the
principal studies date from the 1970s and early 1980s. In the past
decade there has been a substantial public policy effort, reflected in
employment equity legislation and organization‐level initiatives,
targeting direct and systemic gender‐based discriminatory practices.
There is some evidence that gender‐based discriminatory employment
practices are receding. In this study, involving 127 undergraduate
business administration students, the student allocator′s gender was not
a significant predictor of reward allocation behaviour. Even more
provocative, the results suggest that a reward allocation bias
systematically operated in favour of women.
WOMEN IN INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT: OPPORTUNITY OR THREAT?
Authors: Harris Hilary
Published: May 2006

Reviews the literature on the issues confronting female
international managers. Considers first the changing role of management,
international selection procedures and career development issues.
Secondly, examines barriers to women in management within home country
environments, showing how phenomena such as occupational segregation and
perceptual differences can affect women′s opportunities for entry into
international assignments. Specific factors operating at international
level include host country cultural sanctions and dual career problems.
Recent research evidence, however, questions the assumption that women
are unsuited to international management by stressing women′s superior
interpersonal skills and increased visibility as significant advantages.
In addition, a new commitment to resolving dual‐career issues is
apparent as a result of an increasing reluctance to move by potential
male expatriates. Is the problem, therefore, more a case of home country
corporate culture determining access to, and subsequent success in,
international assignments for women?
WOMEN MANAGERS IN THE FORMER USSR: A CASE OF “TOO MUCH EQUALITY?”
Authors: Puffer Sheila M.
Published: May 2006

Discusses the conditions experienced by women in the former USSR
who are aspiring to or are currently occupying managerial positions.
Soviet women feel the pressure of two societal forces: they are expected
to work as well as to be the primary person responsible for home and
family. Many complain: “We have too much equality”. Previews
the statistics on women in the labour force in the former USSR, and
examines seven factors affecting Soviet women′s access to managerial
positions: (1) the perception of management as a masculine domain, (2)
cultural constraints on women′s roles, (3) women′s roles in family life,
(4) the stage of the country′s economic development, (5) social policy,
(6) access to higher education and (7) organizational context. Concludes
with an assessment of the prospects for Soviet women in managerial
positions.
Emergency Management at Federal and State Level in the
United States of America: An Outline
Authors: Evans H.H.
Published: May 2006

The Federal Emergency Management Agency was established in order to
provide a single focus for emergency management in the USA and is
charged with providing a programme for hazard mitigation, preparedness
planning, relief operations and recovery assistance. Federal law
requires that each state must have in place a state emergency
organization with designated officers and an emergency operations centre
and should provide appropriate training for those likely to be involved
in dealing with major hazards or emergencies. National plans are
required because the capability of a state could be exceeded by a
particular emergency.
The Winston Churchill Trust 1992 ″Disaster″ Travelling
Fellowships
Authors: Balchin W.G.V.
Published: May 2006

Analyses the applications received by the Winston Churchill Trust
for the “Disaster” category in the 1992 Travelling
Fellowship Competition. A total of 232 valid and viable applications was
received from police (60), fire (48), ambulance (24), medical interests
(18), emergency planning officers (15) and miscellaneous (67) groups.
Each group is analysed for age, sex, location, proposed research
interest, and destination. The applications revealed extensive interest
in the wide range of problems now known to exist in the field of natural
and man‐made hazards and disasters. The Trustees selected 12
applications for the award of a Travelling Fellowship.
The Implementation of Environmental Management Systems and
BS 7750: A TQM Approach
Authors: Welford Richard
Published: May 2006

Argues that a company‐based environmental management system is no
longer an option. Its stance is that much can be learned from the
experiences of the development of total quality management and that
central to any system has to be the notion of a continuous cycle of
improvement. Lays out a possible organizational structure of an
environmental management system and discusses the stages to the
development of that structure and the important characteristics of the
system. Discusses links to quality systems and in particular to BS 5750,
along with an overview of BS 7750. Identifies critical success factors
in the operation of the environmental management system.
Communication Factors in System Failure or Why Big Planes
Crash and Big Businesses Fail
Authors: Weir David T.H.
Published: May 2006

Contrasts two types of disaster: natural and man‐made. Examines the
aetiology of both. Suggests that unless disasters are approached with a
programme of interdisciplinary research, our understanding and dealing
with the complex symptomatology of crisis and catastrophe will be
impaired.
The Human Genome Project: Promise or Problems?
Authors: Kirby Justice Michael
Published: May 2006

Discusses the Human Genome Project, which aims to map the structure
and function of approximately 100,000 genes in the human body. Describes
some of the ethical and legal problems of genomic research, pointing out
that such research presents both promise and problems and that it must
be conducted according to well‐defined, rational rules if human rights
are to be protected. Calls for a multidisciplinary involvement, both
nationally and internationally, in the establishment of the necessary
laws; and exhorts Australia and New Zealand, which have hitherto
remained largely uninvolved, to make a larger contribution both towards
the debate and towards funding for the project.
The 20 Toughest Questions for New Product Proposals
Authors: Constantineau Larry A.
Published: May 2006

Proposes the 20 key areas of questioning to which each new product
proposition should be subjected by the product champion and/or the
management reviewers. The questions are grouped into six categories for
simplicity. Use of this approach to reviewing new product propositions
should result in both increased understanding of the risks involved and
optimization opportunities prior to resource commitment.
Commentary: Estimating Patent Infringement Damages
Authors: Valentin E.K.
Published: May 2006

A brief critique of the so‐called yardstick approach to assessing
damages resulting from patent infringement which not only informs
product managers whose responsibilities may include assisting legal
counsel in preparing infringement suits or defenses, but also touches on
the shortcomings of analog sales forecasting techniques.
ACTIVE LEARNING FROM THE INSIDE
Authors: Jones Ken
Published: May 2006

Suggests that active learning means participating in events which
are facilitated rather than taught, and in which participants are given
power. Points out that such training involves people′s behaviour, as
distinct from simply their capacity to remember, and that instruction
and testing should, therefore, concentrate on behaviour. Provides
different examples of active learning, including drama, role play
simulation, exercises, games and “ambivalents”. Concludes
that many companies could improve their recruitment and training if they
made use of active learning and appraisal. Active learning may seem,
superficially, to be more expensive than passive learning and
assessment, but inappropriate training and recruitment can prove to be
very costly.
THINK MANAGER, THINK MALE
Authors: Schein Virginia E. , Davidson Marilyn J.
Published: May 2006

Examines a recent managerial sex typing research project. Results
show that it is still very difficult for women to reach top managerial
jobs and those who do are very much in the minority. The “glass
ceiling” appears to be still intact although women are gaining
some “middle” ground. Posits that “think manager
– think male” should become “think manager –
think qualified person!”
HR IMPLICATIONS OF THE CITIZEN’S CHARTER
Authors: Kelly Andrew
Published: May 2006

Personnel and HRM must face up to the challenge of the Government′s
Citizen′s Charter and the implications of BS5750. Looks at the role of
HR professionals in local authorities and how areas of operation will
alter. The importance of justifying their role in the changes will be a
major requirement and the correct tools and systems to be used will be
needed.
TRAINING AND MANAGEMENT SUFFER IN CONSTRUCTION
Authors: Griffiths John
Published: May 2006

The construction industry may not be fully prepared for growth
because of the lack of training in recent years. Reports on the CITB′s
“Investors in People” (IIP) campaign which emphasizes the
importance of recognizing people as a resource to be developed. Reports
on the steps being taken by Shepherd Construction to prepare for an
upturn in the industry.
DEVISING NVQs FOR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Ewan Gordon
Published: May 2006

Examines the applications of Information Technology (IT) within an
organization′s operations, recognizing its growing importance. States
that owing to an increase in its importance the Information Technology
Industry Training Organization (ITITO) has devised a national framework
of NVQs aimed at a specified number of employers and employees. Outlines
the process and composition of this framework. Suggests that NVQs will
only take off if incorporated into the appraisal review system of an
organization.
MANAGING AND TRAINING FOR CUSTOMER SERVICE
Authors: Macaulay Steve , Cook Sarah
Published: May 2006

Discusses a recent Industrial Society survey which indicated that
customer care and service was a priority for UK organizations. Shows
that “the customer is always right” needs an effective
customer service initiative to be able to address this and more.
Action Learning: A Missing Link in Management Development?
Authors: Henderson Iain
Published: May 2006

Seeks to provide an overview of the development of the concept of
management competence in the context of management learning. Briefly
describes the competence approaches to management development of
Boyatzis and the Management Charter Initiative (MCI). Identifies and
discusses a number of critical standpoints. Evaluates the utility of the
competence approach against some empirical observations of a practical
application and presents some reservations and reflections regarding the
process and outcomes. Finally, considers the role of action learning,
arguing that it can provide a link between competence approaches and
organizational development.
Trends in Information Needs and Use Research
Authors: Odini Cephas
Published: May 2006

Highlights the major trends in information needs and use in a
survey of the literature from the later 1940s to the present time. The
shortcomings of early studies, particularly questionnaire surveys, are
found to be defective methodology and shallow conceptualization. More
sophisticated and refined techniques were introduced in the mid 1960s
leading to more empirical research and to the study of informal
transmission systems. The 1970s still revealed a need for greater
conceptualization. New paradigms and approaches emerged in the 1980s
leading to considerations of the environment in which information is
used and distinctions between the cognitive and social aspects of
information.
TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT: INVOLVING STAFF IN THE SEARCH FOR
PERFECTION
Authors: Fred Rayworth J.
Published: May 2006

Discusses total quality management from the point of view of the
user not just the provider of services and in terms of the TQM drive for
perfection of standards that continue to move upwards. Long‐term
commitment to quality depends on empowerment of employees and factors
such as knowledge, training, experience, additive and organizational
culture.
PROVIDING A PERSONAL SERVICE IN THE TRENT REGION
Authors: Schofield Angela , Raynes Norma
Published: May 2006

Reports evaluation of the Trent Regional Health Authority′s
“Providing a Personal Service” initiative, one of the first
major quality management strategies in the NHS. The evaluation
highlights the key elements which supported this initiative and suggests
some ways in which its progress can be sustained. Many of the comments
are applicable to other approaches to quality management.
MEASURING MANAGEMENT TRAINING: TWO NEW INSTRUMENTS
Authors: Newman Sheila , Milne Derek
Published: May 2006

Seeks to enhance the measurement of training; describes the
development of psychometrically sound and practical measures to assess
outcomes relating to in‐service management training within a National
Health Service District. Develops legitimate measurement tools and
demonstrates the positive effects of two specific programmes in relation
to behavioural change and participant satisfaction. Further work is
required to establish how to monitor the effects of the action learning
process in terms of cognitive development.
Corporate Governance: The State of the Art
Authors: Clarke Thomas
Published: May 2006

Reports on corporate governance, suggesting there are some serious
issues of concern. Examines the relationship between major economic
problems and governance issues. Considers the recommendations of the
Cadbury Committee. Concludes that improvements in the standards of
corporate governance must continue, and this will contribute to
improvement in the long‐term performance of United Kingdom companies.
DAIMLER‐BENZ′S MOVE TOWARDS THE NEXT CENTURY WITH THE TOWS
MATRIX
Authors: Weihrich Heinz
Published: May 2006

Reviews the strategic position of Daimler‐Benz in the light of its
move from automotive to integrated transporting company, defence
contractor and consumer appliances manufacturer. Focuses particularly on
the Mercedes‐Benz arm, now facing fierce competition from Japanese
carmakers in the luxury market. Applies the TOWS Matrix to develop four
distinct strategies – SO, ST, WO and WT – which are de
rigueur for D‐B, as it prepares to enter the competitive global car
market.
EUROPEAN PERSPECTIVES ON THE FUTURE OF WASTE MANAGEMENT
Authors: Fairbank Kellogg
Published: May 2006

The waste management industry is changing dramatically as a result
of new legislation and commercial pressures. Examines the current
situation and looks at the future of the industry throughout Europe.
The Development of Poland’s Food Marketing System
Authors: Morton Catherine
Published: May 2006

The food chain systems in many East European countries
are developing rapidly. In Poland clear sectors are
emerging as the driving forces within the food supply
chain. Reviews how in 1991 most food distribution was
disorganized, allowing and responding little to feedback
from consumers; and requires a wholesale sector to cope
with the demands of retailers. Throughout 1992 significant
developments took place in the wholesale sector. Poor access to
finance, employee resistance to change, high interest rates and poor
consumer spending power hinder further positive development in the
short term. Other critical factors which will put pressure on the supply
chain for many years to come include lack of marketing understanding,
uncompetitiveness against imports and a highly fragmented
retail sector. Eventually the wholesale sector will become a powerful
force in Poland. By 1995 the key elements of future food distribution
systems will be in place. Suppliers anticipating market dynamics will
gain competitive advantage. They will have to compete on product
positioning, product portfolio, flexibility and access to finance.
Great expectations: why predictions go awry
Authors: Brody Herb
Published: May 2006

States that most predictions of technology development turn out to
be wrong and that many companies suffer financially as a result. Gives
examples of a number of companies which have predicted wrongly, showing
the variety of reasons for these mistakes. Expands on the reasons and
suggests that recognising the pitfalls is a major advantage for
predictors and recommends a number of points.
Efficient Consumer Response
Authors: Wood Andy
Published: May 2006

Discusses a new methodology – efficient consumer response
(ECR) – which the authors describe as an extension of MRP, JIT and
QR. ECR aims to optimize the grocery supply chain through partnerships
formed between manufacturers and retailers.
British Standards – Bureaucracy or Benefit?
Authors: Sanderson Michael
Published: May 2006

To understand better the nature of standards one must remove the
bureaucratic details and focus on the benefits: improving
competitiveness, protecting the consumers, and society′s interests. The
process of acquiring standards need not be cumbersome or expensive. Our
national lead and heritage in standards making can spread British ideas
and systems throughout the world.
THE REALITIES OF QUICK RESPONSE IN THE GROCERY SECTOR: A
SUPPLIER VIEWPOINT
Authors: Whiteoak Phil
Published: May 2006

Presents a supplier view of the realities of quick response supply
chain partnershipping in the grocery sector. Discusses the factors which
determine the level of stock held by both manufacturers and retailers
and the resulting conflicts which occur in reconciling policies pursued
by both parties. Argues that the resolution of conflict can be achieved
through genuine partnershipping arrangements whereby parties not only
share information but also make substantial efforts to understand each
other′s motivations and operations. Shows that much work remains to be
done to achieve the benefits which partnershipping can bring to supply
chain management.
Is the OLUC a catalog?
Authors: CannCasciato Daniel
Published: May 2006

Considers the function of the OLUC (Online Union Catalog System)
system as a catalogue. Argues that for now it is not, but that it is
developing into one. Discusses the growth of the OLUC and what that
growth means regarding its use as a cataloguing tool in reference
libraries, Outlines the objectives of catalogues and the ways that OLUC
will eventually fulfill them.
Using the OCLC cataloging micro enhancer to produce a bibliography list
Authors: Wurangian Nelia
Published: May 2006

Discusses the merits of introducing a cataloging micro enhancer
(CAT ME) into a library′s bibliography catalogue production processes.
Reviews the functions of the micro enhancer, its integration with
WordPerfect software, and the types of hardware used to load a database
into a local system.
OCLC’s CAT ME Plus and INNOPAC: downloading serials OCLC records
Authors: Rogers Marilyn , Hutchins Geri , Grippe Jo
Published: May 2006

Discusses briefly the implementation of acquisitions and serials
check‐in modules for a newly acquired Innovative Interfaces INNOPAC
system at the University of Arkansas libraries. Stresses the dramatic
reduction in time and resources spent using the CAT ME micro enhancer
software for downloading OCLC records in large batches.
The SOurce DLC qualifier and virtual employees
Authors: CannCasciato Daniel
Published: May 2006

Discusses ways that the Cataloguing Department at the University of
Oregon managed to eliminate a cataloguing backlog. Discusses the change
in routine for acquisitions and cataloguing staffs through the use of
the SOurce DLC qualifier system brought in with PASSPORT software. Shows
the appearance of virtual employees with the introduction of the system.
A practical method for using interlibrary loan data to assist librarians with collection equipment
Authors: Mellendorf Scott A.
Published: May 2006

Explains the method used at Saginaw Valley State University to
collect the Library of Congress Classification Code using interlibrary
loan data. Details data collection using SAVE‐IT and OCLC, and various
methods of data dissemination. Concludes with the relative merits of
this method.
OCLC/AMIGOS collection analysis CD: broadening the scope of use
Authors: Vellucci Sherry L.
Published: May 2006

Examines the OCLC/AMIGOS collection analysis CD (CACD) and its
potential applications that can assist in the labour‐intensive process
of evaluation and collection development. Identifies three categories of
potential uers of the qualitative and quantitative data analysis
provided by the CACD. Shows that the CACD affords the opportunity for
better informed decision making.
Is OCLC worth the cost?
Authors: Liebtag Dan
Published: May 2006

Examines briefly the costs of OCLC cataloguing services,
particularly compared with one of its major competitors in the non‐large
library market, the Library Corporation′s Bibliophile.
The Architecture of a Massively Distributed Hypermedia System
Authors: Kappe Frank , Pani Gerald , Schnabel Florian
Published: May 2006

Proposes how a global Hypermedia system could evolve from the
“Hyper‐G” system, currently being developed at Graz
University. Overviews the development of Internet from post‐war
visionary speculation to present. Explains some limitations of the
current architecture (World Wide Web, Gopher, WAIS). Presents in detail
the architecture of a massively distributed hypermedia system. Explains
how the proposed system would be much faster, overcoming such problems
as documents being oriented by location rather than by subject. Suggests
possible applications.
Editing as a psychological practice
Authors: Beebe John
Published: May 2006

Abstract:  The experience of the Jungian analyst in the role of editor of manuscripts by creative colleagues is examined. Historical precedents include Michael Fordham's editorial correspondence with Jung around the latter's synchronicity essay; Jung's handling of manuscripts submitted by Sabina Spielrein to the Jahrbuch für psychoanalytische und psychopathologische Forschungen and various authors to the Zentralblatt für Psychotherapie und ihre Grenzgebiete, and the author's close editing of a paper submitted by Andrew Samuels to the Journal of Analytical Psychology. In addition to mustering an adequate amount of generosity, erudition, and availability, the analytic editor must know how to clarify a psychological argument and to gauge the psychological impact of the written text. Notwithstanding transference/countertransference phenomena that can emerge around issues of competition, envy, and territoriality when author and editor are also fellow‐authors working in the same field, the editor needs to be comfortable about serving as the author's selfobject and midwife. From an analytic perspective, although communicating decisions about the best way to put ideas into words can sometimes attract transference to the editor, the more profound transference that analysts experience in the editing situation is toward the text being edited, which helps to motivate donated time spent caring for journal manuscripts.
Group process in Jungian analytic training and institute life
Authors: Kirsch Jean , Spradlin Suzy
Published: May 2006

Abstract:  Group process experience for analytic candidates is a neglected dimension of training, and receives little attention in the analytic literature. Jung observed group dynamics, but he never studied them closely, attending instead to the psychology of the individual. Unconscious currents in small groups have been studied by others, most notably by Wilfred Bion, and there are similarities between his theories of the group unconscious and Jung's theories of complexes.

Experiential and didactic seminars in group process were added to the analytic curriculum at the C.G. Jung Institute of San Francisco in the early 1990s, leading to changes in the group dynamic of trainees and analysts alike. A discussion of the theories of Bion and Jung are followed by a report on our experiences of facilitating group process for analytic candidates. We give quotes from candidates and analyst members to illustrate the group process and its effects. The need for further study to develop a uniquely Jungian perspective on the unconscious structure and dynamics of the group is suggested.
A word about words
Authors: Proner Barry D.
Published: May 2006

Abstract:  The title of my paper comes from an essay by Václav Havel. In his essay, Havel addressed most evocatively the question of the unique power of words for thinking and to influence, for good or for harm, as well as to inform and to educate.

As analysts our medium is the word. I suggest that it is of inestimable importance that we are able to listen deeply to our patients’ words and to be aware of our own. The quality of our ability to think deeply and consistently about the unconscious experience of our patient is intimately related to our ability to hear what is being said. The effect of our own words upon the patient likewise cannot be overstated. I offer my reflections on words in the analytic relationship and I give some clinical examples that I hope will illustrate my thoughts as to the power and the importance of what and how we hear and of what we say.
Postmodern consciousness in psychotherapy
Authors: Kawai Toshio
Published: May 2006

Abstract:  Modern consciousness is a cultural and historical achievement in the West and a developmental task for each person now. Modern consciousness consists in the emancipation from the power of community, animistic nature and the unconscious. It is connected with neurosis and psychotherapy because it has to do with inner conflicts. But today there is an increasing number of cases which are characterized by dissociation and acting out, without the feeling of conflicts. Consciousness seems to be changing toward a new conception which might be called ‘postmodern consciousness’.

The essence of postmodern consciousness is shown by interpreting two dreams internally. The first dream from a case of depersonalization indicates that it is not necessary to be entangled with the object. There is a different kind of coniunctio in the mode of seeing. The second dream from a case of dissociative disorder shows a world which has neither traces of pre‐modern cosmology—high and low, here and the beyond—nor modern interiority. There is only surface and self‐reflection without content. The discussion of dreams suggests that postmodern consciousness is not to be understood as premature and pathological. It is therapeutically important to refine and deepen postmodern consciousness.
Attachment‐dissociation network: some thoughts about a modern complex theory
Authors: Bovensiepen Gustav
Published: May 2006

Abstract:  The paper revises the complex theory in the light of modern infant research, neurosciences and object relation theory. The author takes up Jean Knox's idea to understand complexes as analogies to the internal working models of attachment theory. The author proposes to understand complexes as dissociated sub‐networks out of the network structure of the psyche; these sub‐networks contain the internal working models, the characteristic affects and unconscious expectation phantasies. With this network model one can try to understand severe defensive organizations in some patients as a pathological organization of different complexes. This is illustrated by a clinical example.
Effects of Nile perch, Lates niloticus, on functional and specific fish diversity in Uganda's Lake Kyoga system
Authors: Schwartz Jesse D. M. , Pallin Marla J. , Michener Robert H. , Mbabazi Dismiss , Kaufman Les
Published: May 2006

The introduction of Nile perch, Lates niloticus, to Lake Victoria, East Africa, interacted with eutrophication to cause a reorganization of the lake's food web and the extirpation of many endemic fishes. The Lake Kyoga satellite system lies downstream from Lake Victoria. It encompasses species‐rich lakes where Nile perch are absent or very rare, and low diversity lakes where L. niloticus is abundant. In 1999 we surveyed seven lakes in the Kyoga system using experimental monofilament gill nets (1/4–1 inches variable mesh). At Boston University we assessed δ15N signatures of epaxial muscle from subsamples of the catch (n = 361). These signatures are often highly correlated with the near‐term mean realized trophic position of an individual organism. A neural network analysis of fish length, species name, trophic level, and lake of origin fish explained 94% of the sample variance in δ15N. We analysed statistical patterns in these signatures at a number of spatial scales. The relationship between trophic level and δ15N varied greatly among lakes. Higher diversity perch‐free lakes had greater variance in δ15N values and fish lengths than lower diversity Nile perch lakes, suggesting an important relationship between species diversity and functional diversity. Against expectations, lake size was negatively correlated with δ15N. Patterns in stable isotope signatures indicated that Nile perch lakes have shorter food chains than perch‐free lakes. The results throw up two management problems for the Kyoga system. Impacted lakes need to be studied to understand and ameliorate the community‐level effects of Nile perch introduction, whereas the species‐rich nonperch lakes, which harbour a large proportion of the remaining diversity of regionally endemic taxa, are in need of conservation planning.
Research Review: The role of grandparents in intergenerational support for families with disabled children: a review of the literature
Authors: Mitchell Wendy
Published: May 2006

The family in late modernity faces demographic change. However, it is still apparent that intergenerational relationships and exchanges of resources are valued. There is a growing literature on the important role that grandparents play in their children’s families. In contrast, there is limited research exploring the support grandparents provide to families with disabled children. This is an important gap in our knowledge, as families with disabled children frequently face additional caring responsibilities and emotional demands. From the studies that do exist, it is clear that grandparents’ support to families with disabled children is generally valued. However, the literature remains partial: past studies are small‐scale, focused upon parents’ perceptions of support (especially mother’s), and frequently based upon North American data. Recognizing these limitations and the fact that grandparents themselves have support needs which require consideration, this paper identifies key areas where important issues remain unanswered and further research is required. It argues that research is needed to begin untangling the different support needs of parents, grandparents and other family members, and the different effects of grandparent support that different family members’ experience. Exploration of grandparents’ own support needs also indicates the need for wider policy and service consideration.
Models of ‘ordinary’ and ‘special’ daily living: matching residential care to the mental‐health needs of looked after children
Authors: Ward Adrian
Published: May 2006

This paper proposes a set of distinctions between ‘ordinary’ and ‘special’ modes of everyday living in residential settings for young people in the ‘looked after’ system. The paper begins by reviewing both quantitative and qualitative evidence on the mental‐health needs of the young people, arguing that there is evidence of very high levels of mental distress and disturbance within this group, and that this distress is often undiagnosed and untreated both by psychiatric professionals and within the residential care system itself. There follows a commentary on the tacit assumptions underpinning much residential practice, especially the emphasis in some policy and legal documentation on the young people’s need for ‘ordinary’ everyday experience. The concept of the ‘ordinary’ is problematized, and it is argued that while young people do need to be supported towards mainstream ‘ordinary’ everyday living, they also need specialized everyday care in which their emotional and psychological needs can be recognized and responded to. Four models of ‘special everyday living’ are proposed, based upon existing literature on residential practice, and it is argued that residential care programmes should be based upon a mix of these special and ordinary provisions if the young people’s emotional needs are to be met.