bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of Production Process and Palm Sugar Distribution in Small and Medium Enterprises (UKM) in Napano Kusambi District, West Muna Regency
Authors: Sutantri Sutantri , Rianda La , Sakir Sakir
Published: November 2022

The objectives of this study are (1). know the profile of the palm sugar industry in Napano Kosambi District, West Muna Regency. (2) know the identification of the production and marketing process of palm sugar in Napano Kosambi District, West Muna Regency. The data processed using qualitative data to identify the production process and marketing of palm sugar in small and medium enterprises (UKM) as many as 4 businesses. Data collection using the method of observation, interviews, and documentation. The channel pattern of palm sugar marketing uses a simple random sampling method. The results of this study indicate that the palm sugar processing business, the variable value of the palm sugar raw material is the total amount of business 1, II, III, and IV: 181 liters; 191 liters; 175 liters; 184 liters. The selling price of palm sugar ranges from Rp. 8,000-11,000, of which business I usually sell its products for Rp. 8,000, business II sells its products for Rp. 10,000, business III sells its products at Rp. 9,000 and business IV sells its production price at Rp. 11,000. With the total yield of palm sugar production from businesses I, II, III, and IV in West Muna District, Napano Kusambi District, around 141 seeds/month. Meanwhile, the total profit yields from the highest to the lowest, namely business IV, the highest is around Rp. 925,270 / month followed by business II amounting to Rp. 839,373 / month, followed by business I of Rp. 491,905 / month and the lowest is business III of Rp. 442,500 / month.
Analysis of The Development of Food Crop Commodities in East Kolaka District
Authors: Permata sari Intan ayu , Alwi La Ode , Herdhiansyah Dhian
Published: November 2022

This research aims to determine the development of food crop commodities in East Kolaka Regency. The method used is a descriptive method by presenting a complete picture of the development of food commodities in East Kolaka Regency. The food crops commodities in East Kolaka Regency are rice, corn, green beans, cassava, sweet potatoes, and peanuts. The area of agricultural land in East Kolaka Regency is 364,462 ha or 91.07% and the largest food crop commodity is 27,421 ha of lowland rice, 6,518 ha of maize, 237 ha of cassava, 75 ha of sweet potato. commodity peanuts covering an area of 71 ha, and commodity mung bean covering an area of 13 ha. The food crop commodity of East Kolaka Regency, the level of productivity of the rice commodity was 127,539 tons, and the largest land area compared to other commodities was 27,421 ha. The commodity for maize includes the second level of production and productivity of rice, namely 16,536 tons, then 695 tons of cassava, 72 tons of sweet potato, 43 tons of peanuts, and 17 tons of green beans.
Identification of Ripe Levels in Plantain Fruits Using Hue Saturation Intensity (HSI) Color Space Transformation Method
Authors: Hayat Ade Sidratul , Syukri Muhammad , Sakir Sakir
Published: November 2022

The study aimed to determine the maturity level of plantain fruit using the Hue Saturation Intensity (HSI) color space transformation method. This study uses the Hue Saturation Intensity (HSI) color space transformation method to classify the level of ripeness of plantain fruit. The results showed that the Hue Saturation Intensity (HSI) color space transformation method was quite good at identifying the ripeness level of bananas based on the high accuracy of the test. Of the 20 fruit samples where ten unripe and ten ripe plantains were calculated, the maximum and minimum average values of H and S obtained conformity accuracy of 85%.
Effect of Dose of Bokashi Kirinyuh (Chromolaena Odorata) on Growth and Production of Local Corn (Zea Mays L.)
Authors: Anti Wa Ode , Samiati Samiati , Munandar Sadryanto , Anggrasari Vivi , Hidayat La Ode
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the dose of bokashi kirinyuh fertilizer on the growth and production of local maize plants and to determine the amount of bokashi kirinyuh fertilizer, which had the best effect on the development and production of local maize (Zea mays). L.). This research was conducted in Lapolea Village, Barangka District, West Muna Regency, from August to December 2018. This research was arranged based on a one-factor randomized block design (RBD), consisting of four levels of treatment, namely without bokashi kirinyuh fertilizer as a control (K0) fertilizer. bokashi kirinyuh at a dose of 50 g tanaaman-1 (K1), ikirinyuh bokash fertilizer at a dose of 100 g plant-1 (K2) and kirinyuh bokashi at a dose of 150 g plant-1 (K3). The variables observed were plant height (cm), number of leaves (strands), stem diameter (cm), ear length (cm), and production (ton ha-1). The results showed that the application of bokashi kirinyuh fertilizer significantly affected the growth and production of local maize (Zea mays L.). Bokashi fertilizer treatment with a dose of 150 g plant-1 (K3) gave the best effect on the growth and production of local maize plants with an average production of 6.17 tonnes ha-1.
Analysis of Added Value of Crab Crab Processing Business at Home Industry MP KDK 1 in Tapi-But Village Marrobo District, Muna Regency
Authors: Gamu Andi , Sarinah Sarinah , Sakir Sakir
Published: November 2022

This study aims to determine the stages of processing crab crabs in the Home Industry of MP KDK 1 in Tapi-But Village, Muna Regency, by using added value analysis, namely the Hayami Method, which shows the crab production industry. Based on the study results through 4 stages of processing, namely steaming, separating shells and claws, packaging, and cooling. The added value created from processed crab activities is IDR 30,748, while the added value created for one month is IDR 90,337,624.
Determination of Marketing Strategy Priority in the Tofu Processing Industry Using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Method (Case Study of Wakobalu Agung Village, Kabangka District, Muna Regency)
Authors: La Ode Ilham , Sarinah Sarinah , Syukri Muhammad
Published: November 2022

This study aims to obtain the highest goals and weights from the marketing strategy in the tofu industry in Wakobalu Agung Village, Kabangka District, Muna Regency, using the AHP method to obtain stakeholders from the marketing strategy in the tofu industry in Wakobalu Agung Village, Kabangka District, Muna Regency using the AHP method, To get the alternative and the highest weight of the marketing strategy in the tofu industry using the AHP method. Data collection is done by interview method, questionnaire/questionnaire technique, and documentation. The results showed that the marketing strategy of the tofu processing industry increased the importance of each goal, namely increasing income with a weighted value of (0.394), increasing demand with a weighted value of (0.303), improving product quality with a weighted value of (0.187), and rising competitive price with a weighted value of (0.116). The level of importance of each stakeholder is the tofu industry with a weighted value of (0.435), Farmers with a weighted value of (0.204), the government with a weighted value of (0.173), academics with a weighted value of (0.094) and finance with a value of (0.093). The marketing strategy in the tofu industry for each stakeholder is the tofu industry with a weighted value of (0.435), farmers with a weighted value of (0.204), the government with a weighted value of (0.173), academics with a weighted value of (0.094) and finance with a value of (0.093). The alternative assessment resulted in the highest weighting successively product development strategy with a value of (0.579), market share increase strategy (0.234), improvement strategy, and utilization of existing resources (0.187).
Industry Marketing Mix Analysis Banana Chips In Konda Village One District Konda South Konawe Regency
Authors: Wulandari Sisi , Sarinah Sarinah , Syukri Muhammad
Published: November 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of the marketing mix on product dimensions, price, place, and promotion on consumer satisfaction in the Simple Banana Chips Industry in Konda District, South Konawe Regency. Determination of the research location was done purposively. Data was collected using a questionnaire, interview, and documentation methods. The analysis used is Multiple Regression Analysis. Based on the results of research conducted on the analysis of the marketing mix of banana chips in the Simple Banana Chips Industry, it can be concluded that the results of the assessment and responses of consumer respondents to aspects of the marketing mix of product dimensions, price and place have a satisfied rating category where the average consumer chooses a scored answer four or agree. In contrast, the aspect of the marketing mix (promotion) has a poor rating category where the average consumer chooses an answer score of 3 or less satisfied and two or dissatisfied.
Augmented Reality Pins facilitated through Geolocation
Authors: Patel Hrishitva
Published: November 2022

The current systems available for virtual interactions lack the ability to create direct contact between reality and virtuality. To fill this gap, we need the blend of a real and virtual world within our currently available device, and this blend is possible through augmented reality. In this project we used AR for the very same purposes giving control to the end user to manage their customized pins along with the 3D models they want to show at a given geographical location.
ISSUES AND VIEWPOINTS OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN THE FIELD OF DESIGNING ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDINGS IN UZBEKISTAN
Authors:   Doctor Of Technical Sciences, Tashkent State Transport University, Uzbekistan, Tashkent., SCHIPACHEVA ELENA , PIRMATOV RAKHMATULLO ,   Candidate Of Technical Scienceс, Tashkent State Transport University, Uzbekistan, Tashkent., PIRMATOV KHABIBULLO ,   Tashkent Institute Of Irrigation And Agricultural Mechanization Engineers » National Research University, Uzbekistan, Tashkent, RASHIDOV JASUR ,   PhD, Tashkent Institute Of Architecture And Civil Engineering, Uzbekistan, Tashkent
Published: November 2022

This research paper provides the main issues that need to be addressed for the development of a domestic scientific school on the design of energy-efficient buildings and discusses issues pertaining to their widespread introduction in the Republic of Uzbekistan. In addition, this paper presents the results of the scientific research carried in this field at the Tashkent State Transport University.
Masks, ventilation and exposure time: A web-based calculator of indoor COVID-19 infection risk
Authors: Huang Jianxiang , Jones Phillip , He Xinyu
Published: November 2022

Two and half years into the COVID-19 pandemic, there is quite a lot of confusion over public health guidance necessary in order to reduce disease infection risks, from room air ventilation, the use of air cleaners, and type of mask and whether or not to wear a mask. This paper describes the development of a novel web-based calculator for use by the public to assess COVID-19 infection risks between a source and receiver in a typical room. The aim is to inform the disease infection risk in response to varying exposure times, mask-wearing, and viral variant in circulation. The calculator is based on the state-of-the-art research evidence, i.e., a room air ventilation model, mask infiltration efficiencies, room cleaner efficiencies, the quanta emission rates of various viral variants of COVID-19, and the modified Wells Riley equations. The results show that exposure times are critical in determining transmission risk. Masks are important and can reduce infection risk especially over shorter exposure times and for lower source emission quantum. N95 respirators are by far the most effective, especially for Omicron, and the results indicate that N95 respirators are necessary for the more infectious variants. Increasing fresh air ventilation rates from 2ac/h to 6ac/h can have a considerable impact in reducing transmission risk in a well-mixed space. Going from 6 ac/h to 12ac/h is less effective especially at lower exposure times. Venues can be classified in terms of risk, and appropriate high ventilation rates might be recommended for high-risk, speaking loudly and singing, such as classrooms and theatres. However, for low risk, quiet and speaking softly venues, such as offices and libraries, higher ventilation rates may not be required; instead, mechanical ventilation systems in combination with air cleaners can effectively remove small fraction size aerosol particles. The web-based calculator provides an easy-to-use and valuable tool for use in estimating infection risk.
In-depth investigation of the point mutation pattern of HIV-1
Authors: Sun Nan , Yau Stephen S.-T.
Published: November 2022

Mutations may produce highly transmissible and damaging HIV variants, which increase the genetic diversity, and pose a challenge to develop vaccines. Therefore, it is of great significance to understand how mutations drive the virulence of HIV. Based on the 11897 reliable genomes of HIV-1 retrieved from HIV sequence Database, we analyze the 12 types of point mutation (A>C, A>G, A>T, C>A, C>G, C>T, G>A, G>C, G>T, T>A, T>C, T>G) from multiple statistical perspectives for the first time. The global/geographical location/subtype/k-mer analysis results report that A>G, G>A, C>T and T>C account for nearly 64% among all SNPs, which suggest that APOBEC-editing and ADAR-editing may play an important role in HIV-1 infectivity. Time analysis shows that most genomes with abnormal mutation numbers comes from African countries. Finally, we use natural vector method to check the k-mer distribution changing patterns in the genome, and find that there is an important substitution pattern between nucleotides A and G, and 2-mer CG may have a significant impact on viral infectivity. This paper provides an insight into the single mutation of HIV-1 by using the latest data in the HIV sequence Database.
Exposure to stressors and antimicrobials induces cell-autonomous ultrastructural heterogeneity of an intracellular bacterial pathogen
Authors: Schulte Marc , Hensel Michael , Miskiewicz Katarzyna
Published: November 2022

Despite their clonality, intracellular bacterial pathogens commonly show remarkable physiological heterogeneity during infection of host cells. Physiological heterogeneity results in distinct ultrastructural morphotypes, but the correlation between bacterial physiological state and ultrastructural appearance remains to be established. In this study, we showed that individual cells of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium are heterogeneous in their ultrastructure. Two morphotypes based on the criterion of cytoplasmic density were discriminated after growth under standard culture conditions, as well as during intracellular lifestyle in mammalian host cells. We identified environmental conditions which affect cytoplasmic densities. Using compounds generating oxygen radicals and defined mutant strains, we were able to link the occurrence of an electron-dense ultrastructural morphotype to exposure to oxidative stress and other stressors. Furthermore, by combining ultrastructural analyses of Salmonella during infection and fluorescence reporter analyses for cell viability, we provided evidence that two characterized ultrastructural morphotypes with electron-lucent or electron-dense cytoplasm represent viable cells. Moreover, the presence of electron-dense types is stress related and can be experimentally induced only when amino acids are available in the medium. Our study proposes ultrastructural morphotypes as marker for physiological states of individual intracellular pathogens providing a new marker for single cell analyses.
Causal relationship between sea surface temperature and precipitation revealed by information flow
Authors: Ye Ziyu , Tozuka Tomoki
Published: November 2022

The atmosphere and the ocean are coupled with each other through various processes. Therefore, it is of great importance to understand the causality relationship between the atmosphere and the ocean for predicting their states. Here we apply the normalized information flow (NIF) to sea surface temperature (SST) and precipitation data to investigate the causality from the atmosphere to the ocean and from the ocean to the atmosphere. When the global spatial structure of the local NIFs is calculated for both directions, it is found that the ocean affects the atmosphere more in the tropics, while the atmosphere affects the ocean more in the extratropics. This causality relationship between the ocean and the atmosphere agrees with previous studies. To examine the teleconnections, the remote NIFs are then calculated and compared with the local NIFs. The local impact from SST to precipitation is dominant in almost all tropical regions, while the relative importance of remote impacts is higher for the precipitation-to-SST NIFs, except for a small area in the central-eastern equatorial Pacific and southeastern tropical Indian Ocean. Regional analyses for six selected areas within the tropics are also presented. This study suggests that NIFs may be a powerful tool to study ocean-atmosphere interactions.
Is it enough to optimize CNN architectures on ImageNet?
Authors: Tuggener Lukas , Schmidhuber Jürgen , Stadelmann Thilo
Published: November 2022

Classification performance based on ImageNet is the de-facto standard metric for CNN development. In this work we challenge the notion that CNN architecture design solely based on ImageNet leads to generally effective convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures that perform well on a diverse set of datasets and application domains. To this end, we investigate and ultimately improve ImageNet as a basis for deriving such architectures. We conduct an extensive empirical study for which we train 500 CNN architectures, sampled from the broad AnyNetX design space, on ImageNet as well as 8 additional well-known image classification benchmark datasets from a diverse array of application domains. We observe that the performances of the architectures are highlydataset dependent. Some datasets even exhibit a negative error correlation with ImageNet across all architectures. We show how to significantly increase these correlations byutilizing ImageNet subsets restricted to fewer classes. These contributions can have a profound impact on the way we design future CNN architectures and help alleviate the tilt we see currently in our community with respect to over-reliance on one dataset.
Understanding barriers and benefits to adopting elephant coexistence practices in oil palm plantation landscapes in Lower Kinabatangan, Sabah
Authors: Othman Nurzhafarina , Mustapah Muhammad Al-Shafieq , Quilter Aida Ghani , DeWan Amielle
Published: November 2022

Oil palm managers are one of the key stakeholders who could help strengthen efforts to protect elephants in the landscape. We used a Theory of Change (ToC) approach to hypothesize potential barriers and benefits to managers adopting best practise. We conducted two workshopss with more than 60 participants to better understand managers’ perceptions of Human Elephant Conflict (HEC) and their willingness to adopt better wildlife management practices. The workshops confirmed that some of the outcomes we perceived in the original ToC, including security issues, false accusations, negative perceptions by the international community and crop damage, were affecting their willingness to promote coexistence in their plantation. However, we also uncovered other potential barriers and opportunities to promote coexistence, including international and national standards that do not provide enough technical and practical guidance for all levels, expensive monitoring costs, and inconsistent collaboration among industry players and between government and non-government agencies. Our initial findings suggest that new attitudes and perceptions have not been explored before and may be critical for manager engagement and adoption of best practices for HEC, as well as the identification of new audiences that would need to be engaged to be successful in achieving elephant conservation goals.
Progression of functional and structural glaucomatous damage in relation to diurnal and nocturnal dips in mean arterial pressure
Authors: Melgarejo Jesus D. , Van Eijgen Jan , Wei Dongmei , Maestre Gladys E. , Al-Aswad Lama A. , Liao Chia-Te , Mena Luis J. , Vanassche Thomas , Janssens Stefan , Verhamme Peter , Van Keer Karel , Stalmans Ingeborg , Zhang Zhen-Yu
Published: November 2022

Background

Systemic hypoperfusion plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Extreme dips in mean arterial pressure (MAP) due to high 24-h variability are associated with POAG, however, whether this is driven by diurnal or nocturnal dips remains undocumented. We aimed this study to investigate the association of POAG damage with variability and dips in the diurnal and nocturnal MAP.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective longitudinal study that included 110 POAG patients who underwent 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Our outcomes included (i) functional [visual field defects expressed as mean deviation (MD)] and (ii) structural (optic disc cupping obtained from cup-to-disc ratio) glaucoma damage. MAP variability independent of the mean (VIMmap) was computed for diurnal and nocturnal MAP. Dips were the five diurnal and three nocturnal lowest drops in MAP. We also calculated the night-to-day ratio. We applied mixed models to evaluate the progression of visual field defects and optic disc cupping in relation to diurnal and nocturnal MAP measures.

Results

The mean age was 64.0 y (53% women). The median follow-up was 9 years. In adjusted mixed models, functional progression of glaucoma damage was associated with VIMmap (−2.57 dB change in MD per every 3 mmHg increase in VIMmap; P < 0.001) and diurnal MAP dips (changes in the MD ranged from −2.56 to −3.19 dB; P < 0.001). Every 5 mmHg decrease in the nocturnal MAP level was associated with −1.14 dB changes in MD [95% confidence interval (CI), −1.90 to −0.40] and 0.01 larger optic disc cupping (95% CI, 0.01–0.02). Lower night-to-day ratio was also related to both outcomes (P ≤ 0.012). Functional glaucoma damage worsened if nocturnal hypotension was combined with high variability or extreme dips in the diurnal MAP (P ≤ 0.022).

Conclusion

Progression of glaucoma damage in POAG associates with high variability and extreme dips in the diurnal MAP. Structural glaucoma damage seems more vulnerable to nocturnal hypotension. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring allows the assessment of sporadic diurnal and persistent nocturnal hypotension episodes. These phenotypes might offer an opportunity to improve the risk-stratification of open-angle glaucoma (OAG).
Concomitant or late aortic valve intervention and its efficacy for aortic insufficiency associated with continuous-flow left ventricular assist device implantation
Authors: Ando Masahiko , Ono Minoru
Published: November 2022

Moderate to severe aortic insufficiency (AI) in patients who underwent continuous-flow left ventricular assist device (CF-LVAD) implantation is a significant complication. According to the INTERMACS registry analysis, at least mild AI occurs in 55% of patients at 6 months after CF-LVAD implantation and moderate to severe AI is significantly associated with higher rates of re-hospitalization and mortality. The clinical implications of these data may underscore consideration of prophylactic aortic valve replacement, or repair, at the time of CF-LVAD implantation, particularly with expected longer duration of support and in patients with preexisting AI that is more than mild. More crucially, even if a native aortic valve is seemingly competent at the time of VAD implantation, we frequently findde novoAI as time goes by, potentially due to commissural fusion in the setting of inconsistent aortic valve opening or persistent valve closure caused by CF-LVAD support, that alters morphological and functional properties of innately competent aortic valves. Therefore, close monitoring of AI is mandatory, as the prognostic nature of its longitudinal progression is still unclear. Clearly, significant AI during VAD support warrants surgical intervention at the appropriate timing, especially in patients of destination therapy. Nonetheless, such an uncertainty in the progression of AI translates to a lack of consensus regarding the management of this untoward complication. In practice, proposed surgical options are aortic valve replacement, repair, closure, and more recently transcatheter aortic valve implantation or closure. Transcatheter approach is of course less invasive, however, its efficacy in terms of long-term outcome is limited. In this review, we summarize the recent evidence related to the pathophysiology and surgical treatment of AI associated with CF-LVAD implantation.
Integrated energy system region model with renewable energy and optimal control method
Authors: Zhang Feifei , Wang Yueqiang , Huang Dong , Lu Nihui , Jiang Mintao , Wang Qi , Luo Yongheng , Jiang Fei
Published: November 2022

In the context of global energy transition, integrated regional energy systems containing renewable energy sources play an important role. While improving the economic and carbon efficiency of energy utilization, renewable energy sources also bring research challenges to the safe and reliable operation of energy systems. Based on the region concept, a region model and optimal control method for integrated energy systems containing renewable energy are proposed. Firstly, the key pipeline is taken as the observation object, and the feasible region model of the integrated energy system is determined according to the capacity of key equipment and its pipeline capacity with the multi-energy balance equation as the feasible constraint. Then, considering the mutual backup relationship of different equipment and pipelines, the regional integrated energy system security region model is constructed based on the N-1 security criterion, and the optimal control method based on the region concept is proposed. Finally, the validity of the model is analyzed with arithmetic examples, and the influence of the access capacity and access location of renewable energy on the feasible and safe regions of the regional integrated energy system is discussed. And according to the actual situation of the working state point, the optimal adjustment strategy based on the efficiency function and security constraint is given.
Bias correction of ERA-Interim reanalysis temperature for the Qilian Mountains of China
Authors: Zhao Peng , Gao Lu , Ma Miaomiao , Du Jun
Published: November 2022

Air temperature is the primary indicator of climate change. Reanalysis temperature products are important datasets for temperature estimates over high-elevation areas with few meteorological stations. However, they contain biases in observations, so a bias correction is required to enhance the accuracy of modeling predictions. In this study, we used the temperature lapse-rate method to correct ERA-Interim reanalysis-temperature data in the Qilian Mountains of China from 1979 to 2017. These temperature lapse rates were based on observations (ΓObs) and on model internal vertical lapse rates derived from different ERA-Interim pressure levels (ΓERA). The results showed that the temperature lapse rates in warm periods were larger than those in cold periods. Both the original and corrected ERA-Interim temperature can significantly capture the warming trend exhibited by observations. In general, the temperature lapse rate method was reliable for correcting ERA-interim reanalysis-temperature data. Although ΓObs performed best in bias correction, it depends heavily on the density of ground observation stations and is not appropriate for remote areas with a low data coverage. Correction methods based on ΓERA were shown to be reliable for bias correction, and will be especially applicable to mountainous areas with few observation stations. Our results contribute to the improvement of quality of data products and enhance the accuracy of modeling of climate change effects and risks to the environment and human health.
Megameter propagation and correlation of T-waves from Kermadec Trench and Islands
Authors: Oliveira Tiago C. A. , Nielsen Peter , Lin Ying-Tsong , Kushida Noriyuki , Jesus Sérgio M.
Published: November 2022

On 18 June 2020 and 4 March 2021, very energetic low-frequency underwater T-wave signals (2 to 25 Hz) were recorded at the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) International Monitoring System (IMS) hydrophone stations in the Pacific Ocean (Stations HA11 and HA03) and the South Atlantic Ocean (Station HA10). This work investigates the long-range (megameters) propagation of these T-waves. Their sources were three powerful submarine earthquakes in the Kermadec Trench and Islands, located at approximately 6000, 8800, and 15100 km from Stations HA11, HA03, and HA10, respectively. Arrival time and back azimuth of the recorded T-waves were estimated using the Progressive Multi-Channel Correlation algorithm installed on the CTBT Organization (CTBTO) virtual Data Exploitation Centre (vDEC). Different arrivals within the duration of the earthquake signals were identified, and their correlations were also analyzed. The data analysis at HA03 and HA10 revealed intriguing T-wave propagation paths reflecting, refracting, or even transmitting through continents, as well as T-wave excitation along a chain of seamounts. The analysis also showed much higher transmission loss (TL) in the propagation paths to HA11 than to HA03 and HA10. Moreover, strong discrepancies between expected and measured back azimuths were observed for HA11, and a three-dimensional (3D) parabolic equation model was utilized to identify the cause of these differences. Numerical results revealed the importance of 3D effects induced by the Kermadec Ridge, Fiji archipelago, and Marshall Islands on T-wave propagation to HA11. This analysis can guide future improvements in underwater event localization using the CTBT-IMS hydroacoustic sensor network.
An environmentally friendly material for red tide algae removal: Performance and mechanism
Authors: Liu Zhengyu , Yu Zhiming , Cao Xihua , Jiang Wenbin , Yuan Yongquan , Song Xiuxian
Published: November 2022

Red tide is a kind of marine disaster caused by the accumulation or proliferation of microalgae and other organisms in a short period of time, and utilizing modified clay to control and inhibit red tide is the preferred method. Among them, the application potential of organic-modified clay is high; unlike inorganic and microbial modifications, it has a broad-spectrum removal capacity on red tide algae at extremely low dosages. However, it has some disadvantages such as severe toxicity and high residual turbidity, leading to several limitations in its practical application. Therefore, it has become urgent to select organic-modified reagents with higher efficiency, weaker toxicity and lower residual turbidity. In this study, the typical red tide alga——Prorocentrum donghaiense was selected to detect the removal capacity of Polydimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (PDMDAAC) modified clay (MP) by comparing with the Hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (HDTMA) modified clay (MH). Not only the physiological stress and flocculation effects of two modified clays on microalgae had been discussed, but also the properties of the modified clays had been characterized in this study. The results showed that the low degree of oxidative stress and less damage to the cell membrane make MP more environmentally friendly, PDMDAAC can remove microalgae at a low dose (2 mg/L) and quickly clarify the water by significantly enhancing the flocculation capacity of clay. In addition to discussing the removal mechanism of two modified clays on microalgae, schematic diagrams of the pathways were drafted. This study will provide support for the development of organic-modified clay.
Assessing per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in sediments and fishes in a large, urbanized estuary and the potential human health implications
Authors: Pulster Erin L. , Rullo Kylee , Gilbert Sherryl , Ash Thomas M. , Goetting Barbara , Campbell Kevin , Markham Sara , Murawski Steven A.
Published: November 2022

The primary source of chronic exposures to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in humans is through the ingestion of contaminated foods and drinking water, with fish and other seafood being a major contributor. Nevertheless, there is scant literature on the dietary exposure to PFASs for the general United States (U.S.) population. The Tampa Bay (Florida, USA) region has the highest population density in the State and communities and their attendant support services are arrayed in an urban to semi-rural continuum from the head of the Bay to the ocean mouth. Tampa Bay supports productive recreational and commercial fisheries, providing a diverse community of species. A variety of potential PFAS sources surround Tampa Bay including airports, industry, wastewater treatment plants, fire-fighting training areas and military installations. The objective of this study is to quantify PFASs in sediment and fishes collected from Tampa Bay to further estimate human health risks from dietary exposures. Sediment (n = 17) and fish (24 species, n = 140) were collected throughout Tampa Bay in 2020 and 2021 and analyzed for 25 PFAS compounds. Concentrations of PFASs in sediments and edible tissues of fish ranged from 36.8 to 2,990 ng kg-1 (dry weight) and 307 to 33,600 ng kg-1 (wet weight), respectively. Generally, levels were highest in Old Tampa Bay and decreased south towards the Gulf of Mexico. Profiles in both matrices were generally dominated by perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) with variations by location. Estimated human health risks from the consumption of contaminated fish collected in Tampa Bay exceeded concentration thresholds for minimum risk levels (MRLs) and tolerable weekly intake (TWIs) values for adults and youths. Additionally, concentrations of PFOS in edible fish tissues of several recreationally important species collected in Tampa Bay exceeded consumption guideline levels established by several governmental agencies. In the current context, the elevated levels of PFAS in Tampa Bay and the exceedances of available thresholds for potential human health risks are a cause for concern and justify a more intensive examination especially for more heavily utilized species, particularly those used in subsistence-level fishing, which, as elsewhere may be significantly under documented.
Model simulated freshwater transport along the Labrador current east of the Grand Banks of Newfoundland
Authors: Ma Yongxing , Lu Youyu , Hu Xianmin , Gilbert Denis , Socolofsky Scott A. , Boufadel Michel
Published: November 2022

The freshwater transport (FWT) by the Labrador Current (LC) around the Grand Banks of Newfoundland (GBN) is diagnosed with the 26-year Global Ocean Physical Reanalysis 1/12° data (GLORYS12v1) during 1993 - 2018. The time-mean FWT of the LC above the 1027.25 kg/m3 isopycnal surface is 83.6 mSv (1 mSv = 103m3/s) southward through the Flemish Pass. Among this 83.6 mSv, 42% (35.2 mSv) is exported into the interior of the North Atlantic along the whole pathway of the LC from the Flemish Pass to the Tail of the GBN, with 25.5 mSv by the mean advection and 7.2 mSv by the mesoscale eddy transport. The seasonal and inter-annual variations of the FWT in the east of the GBN are mainly caused by the variation of the horizontal velocity of the LC, and the variation of salinity makes a nontrivial contribution to the variation of the FWT to the north of 45°N. Around the Tail of the GBN, the mesoscale eddies make significant contributions to the time-mean FWT and the seasonal and inter-annual variations of the FWT.
Benthic macrohabitat classification and Madracis spp. coral patch distribution in a deep-sea marine protected area of Colombia
Authors: Cedeño-Posso Cristina , Vides-Casado Martha , Rocha Venus , Borrero-Pérez Giomar H. , Polanco F Andrea , Alonso David
Published: November 2022

Corales de Profundidad National Natural Park (CPNNP), at the central Colombian Caribbean margin, has an extension of 142.195 ha with depths ranging from 34 to 1,234 m. The CPNNP’s essential ecological value isMadracisspp. as potential structure-forming deep-water coral; this work represents the first footages of these unique habitats for the Colombian Caribbean. In 11 sectors, remote video surveys are conducted, based on a detailed digital elevation model. From these sectors, four cover mesophotic zones (46–169m depth), and seven cover aphotic zones (up to 354m depth). After still images’ description and interpretation, a guide was generated with nine types of macrohabitats surrounding the coral formations of the CPNNP: soft substrate (mud/sand), soft substrate/rubble/rock with solitary corals, coral and shell rubble, rock/ledges with attached fauna, rugged stones with attached fauna, hard substrate with attached fauna, sandstone with attached fauna, soft substrate with burrows, and pockmark with attached fauna. Video transect analysis confirms the occurrence ofMadracisspp., with coral patches as the main framework builder of the CPNNP. These patches comprise many clumped 50 to 80 cm high coral colonies that developed over slow slopes, with seafloor elevations between 107 and 233 m and textured soils of soft and not very compact ridges, associated with the macrohabitat sandstone with attached fauna. This information is being used for the management and monitoring of this unique protected area.
Case report: Hepatic tuberculosis mimicking hepatocellular carcinoma in a patient with cirrhosis induced by hepatitis B virus
Authors: Hu Na , Wu Yuhui , Tang Maowen , Luo Tianyong , Yuan Shengmei , Li Cai , Lei Pinggui
Published: November 2022

Hepatic tuberculosis (TB), which is secondary to post-hepatitis B cirrhosis, is extremely rare. We report the case of a 69-year-old man with post-hepatitis B cirrhosis complicated by primary isolated hepatic TB who was initially misdiagnosed as having hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The patient was hospitalized with complaints of 2 weeks of fever. He had a 20-year history of post-hepatitis B cirrhosis. The laboratory tests suggested that his serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level was markedly elevated to 1210 ng/ml. From the abdominal ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images, we confirmed the presence of cirrhosis and discovered a space-occupying lesion of the hepatic left lobe as well as portal vein-filling defects. These results led us to consider primary liver cancer and portal vein tumor thrombus combined with decompensated cirrhosis. Biopsy and histology may be considered the ultimate diagnostic tests, but we excluded needle biopsy because of his high risk of bleeding, in addition, the patient declined the procedure. To cope with his fever, the patient was given broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment initially, followed by intravenous vancomycin. After antibiotic treatment had failed, the patient was treated with anti-TB for 10 days; after that, the patient maintained a normal temperature. The patient continued to receive tuberculostatic therapy for 6 months following his discharge. AFP completely returned to the normal level, and the aforementioned mass disappeared. Finally, hepatic TB secondary to post-hepatitis B cirrhosis with portal vein thrombosis (PVT) was considered to be the final diagnosis. More than two imaging techniques discover a space-occupying liver lesion and that the serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level is extremely elevated, which means that hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) could be diagnosed. However, some exceedingly rare diseases should not be excluded. This case illustrated that the non-invasive diagnostic criteria for liver cancer should be considered carefully when discovering a space-occupying liver lesion in a patient with cirrhosis and an elevated AFP level. In addition, primary hepatic TB should be considered and included in the differential diagnosis, and a biopsy should be performed promptly.
The presence of diabetic retinopathy closely associated with the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A meta-analysis of observational studies
Authors: Zhang Guo-heng , Yuan Tian-hao , Yue Zhen-sheng , Wang Lin , Dou Guo-Rui
Published: November 2022

Background and Objective: Although growing evidence indicates that non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is related to diabetic retinopathy (DR), research results significantly vary. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to assess the association between the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and the onset of DR.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched until 7 November 2021. Combined odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the association.

Results: We identified 18 studies involving 12,757 patients. The pooled effect assessment showed that liver fibrosis was positively correlated with DR (OR = 1.69, 95%CI 1.30–2.20; p < 0.0001); non-alcoholic fatty liver disease was not associated with the risk of DR (OR = 1.15, 95%CI 0.75-1.76; p = 0.51); non-alcoholic fatty liver disease was positively correlated with DR in patients with type 1 diabetes (OR = 2.96, 95%CI 1.48–5.94; p = 0.002). In patients with type 2 diabetes, there was no association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and DR (OR = 0.92, 95%CI 0.59–1.43; p = 0.70). Subgroup analysis showed no correlation in both Asian and Caucasian races.

Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between liver fibrosis and DR. This suggests that the ocular examination of DR could be helpful in predicting whether patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease would progress to liver fibrosis.
Association between electroconvulsive therapy and depressive disorder from 2012 to 2021: Bibliometric analysis and global trends
Authors: Cai Haipeng , Du Ruonan , Yang Kebing , Li Wei , Wang Zhiren
Published: November 2022

Background

Depressive disorder is a chronic mental illness that is vulnerable to relapse, imposes a huge economic burden on society and patients, and is a major global public health problem. Depressive disorders are characterized by depressed mood, decreased energy and interest, and suicidal ideation and behavior in severe cases. They can be treated through pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy or physical treatments such as electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). In patients with suicidal ideation, behavior, or refractory depressive disorder ECT has a faster onset of action and better efficacy than pharmacotherapy. This study used bibliometric and visual analyses to map the current state of global research on ECT for depressive disorder and to predict future research trends in this area.

Materials and methods

A literature search was performed for studies on ECT and depressive disorder in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. All studies considered for this paper were published between 2012 and 2021. Bibliometric and co-occurrence analyses were performed using the CiteSpace software.

Results

In total, 2,184 publications were retrieved. The number of publications on ECT and depressive disorder have been increasing since 2012, with China being a emerging hub with a growing influence in the field. Zafiris J. Daskalakis is the top author in terms of number of publications, and The Journal of ECT is not only the most published journal but also the most co-cited journal in the field. Co-occurrence analysis showed that electroconvulsive therapy, treatment-resistant depression, bipolar disorder, hippocampus, efficacy, and electrode placement are current research hotspots. Molecular biomarkers, neuroimaging predictors, and late-life depression will become research hotspots in the future.

Conclusion

Our analysis made it possible to observe an important growth of the field since 2012, to identify key scientific actors in this growth and to predict hot topics for future research.
Effect of cooking modes on quality and flavor characteristic in Clitocybe squamulose chicken soup
Authors: Lai Jing , Wu Ruiyun , Wang Ji , Wang Ying , Zhang Xin , Zhou Liyuan , Zhu Yingchun
Published: November 2022

The effects of cooking modes [cooking in stainless-steel pot (SS), ceramic pot (CP), and electrical ceramic stewpot (EC) with different stewing time] on chemical compositions, whiteness, 5′-nucleotides, fatty acids (FAs), sensory quality and flavor substances in chicken soup added Clitocybe squamulose (Pers.) Kumm (a natural edible fungus) were investigated. The results showed that CP chicken soup had higher soluble solid matter (5.83 g/100 mL), total sugar (2.38 mg/mL), crude protein (7.58 g/100 g), and 5′-nucleotides (325.53 mg/mL) than EC and SS chicken soups. 48 volatile flavor compounds, mainly aldehydes and alkanes, were found by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the characteristic flavor substances were identified by Principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA). Hexanal, (E,E)-2,4-decadienal and 3-methyl-hexadecane were the most abundant differential volatile compounds in the CP chicken soup. Additionally, the results of sensory evaluation showed that the chicken soup cooked in CP had the higher values of aroma, taste, and overall acceptability. Our results indicate that CP mode might be the best option for cooking chicken soup. This study provides a new perspective in the improvement of the quality and flavor of chicken soup by using an appropriate cooking mode. Theoretical support for the use of various cooking modes is also discussed to improve the quality of chicken soup at home and in the industry.
The prognostic role of sex and hemoglobin levels in patients with oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Tagliabue Marta , D’Ecclesiis Oriana , De Berardinis Rita , Gaeta Aurora , Martinoli Chiara , Piana Andrea Fausto , Maffini Fausto , Gandini Sara , Ansarin Mohssen , Chiocca Susanna
Published: November 2022

Background

Women and men differ genetically, biologically (sex) and by social construct (gender), possibly impacting on prognostic factors in predicting cancer survival. Hemoglobin levels and immune system activation are players acting in this scenario which could play a role in partly determining prognosis between patients of different sex/gender (S/G). Here, we investigate these factors in patients affected by tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

Methods

This is an observational retrospective cohort study. We collected tongue cancer patients’ clinical data, including hemoglobin levels and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR). Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were compared between women and men considering confounding and prognostic factors in multivariate Cox proportional hazard models. Stratified analyses were also conducted by sex and tumor stage.

Result

576 patients, 39.9% women and 60.1% men, were found eligible for the analysis. Men were more often smokers (p<0.001), alcohol consumers (p<0.001), overweight or obese (p<0.001) and undergoing radiotherapy (p=0.002). In multivariate models for stage I-II, men showed half risk of death and relapse compared to women (HR=0.44; 95%CI 0.24-0.81, p=0.009; HR=0.55; 95%CI 0.34-0.87, p=0.01, for OS and DFS respectively). Moreover, low hemoglobin levels appeared to be an independent prognostic factor for women but not for men in terms of both OS and DFS. Specifically, women with low hemoglobin levels showed a worse tumor outcome (HR=2.66; 95%CI 1.50-4.70; HR=2.09; 95%CI 1.24-3.53, for OS and DFS respectively). Low hemoglobin levels appeared to be a poor OS prognostic factor for women at stage I-II (p<0.004) but not for men (p=0.10). Women with advanced stage tumors, NLR>2.37, who did not performed Radiotherapy and with depth of invasion (DOI)> 10 were associated with a significant increase in relapse and death (all p<0.05).

Conclusion

In our cohort of patients with oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma, men present better OS and DFS than women with early stages tumors. Low hemoglobin level was an independent prognostic factor for women, especially at early-stage tumors. For advanced stages (III-IV), sex is not a significant factor related to patients’ prognosis.