bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on the Emotional Evolution Mechanism of Network Public Opinion Based on an Information Ecosystem
Authors: Qu Ying , Tian Hongmei , Chen Hong
Published: August 2022

As an important carrier of public emotion expression, public opinion spreads on a large scale with the continuous upgrading of social networks, and effectively controlling the spreading process of public opinion is an essential topic of contemporary social research. In view of the competition between positive and negative information in the process of public opinion dissemination, this paper introduces the theory of emotional infection and proposes a network public opinion communication model based on emotional contagion, considering the reinforcement effect of different individual mentalities and the influence of government intervention. Based on the data from the COVID‐19 epidemic situation, MATLAB simulation technology is used to verify the validity of the model, and the effect of strengthening the validity and government intervention on public opinion control is discussed. According to the experiment, three conclusions have been come up with. First, a positive reinforcement effect can enhance the ignorant participants’ ability to maintain the same emotion as the infected information. When positive information repeatedly stimulates the ignorant, it will positively strengthen the ability of people with a positive mentality to maintain positive emotions, which is significantly beneficial to public opinion control. Its essence is to increase the effect of positive information’s belief factor on the dynamic infection rate. When negative information repeatedly stimulates an ignorant person, it will positively strengthen the ability of the person with a negative attitude to maintain negative emotion, which is not conducive to public opinion control. Second, a negative reinforcement effect will strengthen the ignorant ability to change the same emotion as the infected information. When negative information repeatedly stimulates the ignorant, the negative reinforcement effect will strengthen the positive people’s ability to change negative information into positive emotion, which is significantly beneficial to public opinion control. Its essence is to increase the effect of suspicion factor on the dynamic immunization rate. It will strengthen the positive mentality and negative mentality into the path of immunization, which is beneficial to epidemic control. When positive information repeatedly stimulates the ignorant, it will negatively strengthen the ability of the negative mentality to change the positive information into negative emotions, which is not beneficial to the control of public opinion. It will be harmful to strengthen the path of positive and negative mentality into immunization, which is beneficial to epidemic control. Third, the earlier the government intervenes in public opinion, the better it will be. The essence of intervention is to decrease the dynamic incitement rate.
A Visual Comprehensive Evaluation of Cultural and Creative Industry Projects Based on Improved Literature Measurement Method
Authors: Luo Jing , Liu Li , Su Jiafu
Published: August 2022

The innovation of cultural and creative industries is not only helpful to improve the ability of independent innovation and optimize the industrial structure but also beneficial to the improvement of national competitiveness. The research on the innovation system of cultural and creative industry based on soft innovation can not only meet the needs of the development of the times but also will be an important mission of discipline innovation. Based on this, this paper makes multidimensional statistics and analysis of the literature on cultural and creative industry projects published in recent ten years through the method of literature measurement. At present, the research on cultural and creative industry projects in domestic university libraries has made some progress, but there are also some problems, such as small amount of papers, weak research force, wide and deep research, in order to provide reference for the promotion and evaluation of cultural and creative industry projects and promote the in-depth and effective development of cultural and creative industry projects.
Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Transhepatic Gallbladder Drainage Improves the Prognosis of Patients with Severe Acute Cholecystitis
Authors: Jin Xin , Jiang Yunshan , Tang Jiongjiong
Published: August 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical efficacy of ultrasound-guided percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage (PTGD) for the treatment of severe acute cholecystitis (AC). The data of 40 patients diagnosed with severe AC at our hospital between August 2020 and June 2021 were retrieved and classified into a PTGD group, open cholecystostomy (OC) group, laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) group, and conventional conservative treatment (CT) group. Before treatment and on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 after treatment, their serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBIL), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), white blood cell count (WBC), IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, and cancer antigen 19–9 (CA19-9) were measured. Additionally, clinical manifestations such as body temperature and pain score were monitored before treatment and at 24, 48, and 72 hours after treatment. The recovery time and complications/adverse reactions were statistically analyzed, and the Kaplan–Meier survival curve was plotted. After treatment, compared with the other three groups, the PTGD group had a significant reduction in serum indicators, including WBC and inflammatory factors, recovery time, pain score, and complications, and benefitted from better treatment efficacy and higher survival rate. Thus, ultrasound-guided PTGD was found to be more effective in treating severe AC patients and was associated with improved patient prognoses.
Application of Artificial Intelligence Technology in Martial Arts Education Governance
Authors: Ye Weiwu , Li Shihong , Liu Shuaibing , Zhou Yuan
Published: August 2022

Martial arts education has a relatively comprehensive educational function. Compared with other educational methods, it has some unique features. When martial arts education carries out moral education, it not only attaches importance to the teaching of moral norms but also requires martial arts practitioners to practice moral norms, so martial arts education is more practical in improving moral literacy. In fact, the role of martial arts education is far from just playing its role in strengthening the body. This kind of prejudice of mindset conceals the diversity characteristics of martial arts education. This paper proposes to apply artificial intelligence technology in martial arts education governance, which uses the target tracking algorithm based on deep learning to track and analyze the movement of martial arts practitioners. At the same time, this paper uses the pose estimation algorithm of coordinate regression to predict the key points of the human body from the global perspective of the human body and then locates the key points of the human body from the features. It greatly simplifies the prediction of key points and solves the problem of nonstandard movements of students in martial arts education. The experimental analysis part includes the results and analysis of the impact of AI‐based flipped classroom teaching on students’ martial arts learning and the comparison and analysis of students’ martial arts learning in the two classes after the experiment. The analysis results show that the P values of the four aspects of learning interest, active participation attitude, independent exploration ability, and analysis and problem‐solving ability of the two classes are all less than 0.01, indicating that there is a significant difference.
The Regulatory Role of Lipid Metabolism in Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Zhang Shuyang , Han Xingyu
Published: August 2022

Endometrial cancer is the 6th most common carcinoma as well as the 2nd most common malignancy worldwide in women. It is closely related to fat content, and dyslipidemia is among the most significant metabolic changes in this cancer. Therefore, further understanding of the regulation mechanism in lipid metabolism of endometrial cancer is conducive to the development of better therapeutic strategies and methods. Here, we systematically review the signaling pathways that regulate lipid metabolism in endometrial cancer and the research progress of drugs and targeted therapies that act on lipid metabolism by retrieving relevant articles. The underlying mechanism of occurrence and development of endometrial cancer is relatively clear and comprehensively reviewed here. But following more research studies will help to illuminate more specific regulatory roles of lipid metabolism in endometrial cancer and explore new possible mechanisms, prognostic and therapeutic targets, and subsequent drugs. Our review will provide a full view for the following investigation of lipid metabolism in endometrial cancer.
Identifying Potential Tumor Antigens and Antigens-Related Subtypes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma for mRNA Vaccine Development
Authors: Liao Weiran , Shi Zhitian , Tang Haoren , Wu Tiangen , Zhang Cheng , He Yutao , Zou Renchao , Wang Lin
Published: August 2022

Background. The mRNA vaccine has become a promising platform for cancer therapy. Lots of studies have been focusing on discovering novel potent cancer-associated antigens to develop mRNA vaccines against cancers. Besides, immunotyping shows the immune status, and immune microenvironment of immunotyping is related with therapeutic reaction. However, potential antigens for mRNA vaccines and immunotyping of liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) remain far from being understood. Methods. In this study, we collected gene expression data and clinical information data from ICGC and TCGA databases. Using GEPIA2, we calculated differential expression genes and prognostic indices. We applied TIMER to calculate the correlation coefficient between immune infiltrating cells and each gene. Consensus cluster was used for immunotyping of LIHC. Results. We uncovered four most potential candidates including PES1, MCM3, PPM1G, and KPNA2, which were all related with antigen-presenting cell (APC) infiltration and poor survival in LIHC in two independent datasets. Furthermore, three immune-related subtypes (IS1-IS3) of LIHC were identified. All these results were validated in two independent datasets. Furthermore, we validated our results in vitro. Conclusions. The above candidates will be expected to be potential antigen genes for developing anti-LIHC mRNA vaccine, and furthermore, patients with IS2 and IS3 tumors are supposed to be appropriate for mRNA vaccine in LIHC.
Deformation and Stability Analysis of a Core Rockfill Dam with Leakage
Authors: Chen Yuanzhong , Lin Guobing , Lu Yangyang
Published: August 2022

The No. 4 clay core rockfill dam of the Gongming Reservoir experienced leakages when the reservoir water level was low. To analyze the leakage causes, a series of seepage tests were conducted on the dam materials in this paper. And a three-dimensional finite element stress-seepage coupled calculation model of the dam was established to study the deformation and stresses of the dam under the condition of normal storage water level and the sharp drop in the storage level. The test results show that the permeability coefficient of the clay core material is close to that of the dam shell material, resulting in the leakage of the dam under the condition of the low-water level. The simulation results show that the dam deforms a little under the condition of normal storage water level and the sharp drop in the storage level, and the stress distribution under the condition of the sharp drop in the storage level is basically consistent with that under the condition of normal storage water level. The safety factors of the dam under the two conditions meet the requirements of the specification, but the margin of the safety factor is small.
Emerging Development of Auto-Charging Sensors for Respiration Monitoring
Authors: Owida Hamza Abu , Al-Ayyad Muhammad , Al-Nabulsi Jamal I.
Published: August 2022

In recent years, the development of biomedical monitoring systems, including respiration monitoring systems, has been accelerated. Wearable and implantable medical devices are becoming increasingly important in the diagnosis and management of disease and illness. Respiration can be monitored using a variety of biosensors and systems. Auto-charged sensors have a number of advantages, including low cost, ease of preparation, design flexibility, and a wide range of applications. It is possible to use the auto-charged sensors to directly convert mechanical energy from the airflow into electricity. The ability to monitor and diagnose one’s own health is a major goal of auto-charged sensors and systems. Respiratory disease model output signals have not been thoroughly investigated and clearly understood. As a result, figuring out their exact interrelationship is a difficult and important research question. This review summarized recent developments in auto-charged respiratory sensors and systems in terms of their device principle, output property, detecting index, and so on. Researchers with an interest in auto-charged sensors can use the information presented here to better understand the difficulties and opportunities that lie ahead.
The Practical Dilemma and Path Optimization of Big Data Integration into Ideological and Political Teaching in Private Colleges and Universities
Authors: Li Xihong
Published: August 2022

The promotion and application of big data have promoted the reform of quality classes in Colleges and universities, enriched the teaching content, and changed the traditional education mode. However, at present, due to the difficulties in funding, understanding teachers, and system construction, the integration of data into teaching often presents an embarrassing situation of separation between form and content, the separation between theory and practice, and the distance between teaching results and teaching objectives. For this reason, many private colleges and universities should make full use of data technology to change the quality of education mode according to the new characteristics of college students in the data environment, use the network information carrier to strengthen the interaction and exchange with college students, do a good job in guiding the ideological dynamics, actively promote positive capacity, and improve the networking level of quality education. At the same time, in order to change the current situation of incomplete integration and break through the dilemma, private colleges and universities should change their ideas and strengthen their attention to the practical ideological and political teaching. In view of the above problems, this study analyzes the internal logic of the integration of private colleges and big data, combines the actual difficulties, and uses LSTM neural network to put forward reasonable optimization strategies and suggestions, aiming to expand and cultivate high-quality practical teaching teams of Ideological and political courses, so as to improve the system and establish and improve the relevant teaching system and mechanism.
Experimental Study of Evaporation Flux, Salt Precipitation, and Surface Temperature on Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Porous Media
Authors: Li Xinhu , Guo Min
Published: August 2022

Salt precipitation in porous media is widespread, which has garnered great research attention. However, the mechanisms governing the salt precipitation, water flux, and surface temperature changes in homogeneous and heterogeneous porous media remain unclear. This study investigated the dynamics of salt precipitation, evaporative loss, and surface temperature in homogeneous fine sand (0.1–0.25 mm), coarse sand (1‐2 mm), and a heterogeneous column with fine and coarse sand. All sand columns were initially saturated with NaCl solution. The experimental results showed that the salt was precipitated as efflorescence above the surface of the fine sand, whereas it was mainly precipitated as subflorescence below the surface of the coarse sand, causing the unconsolidated sand to form a strong stone‐like mass. The evaporated loss was significantly higher in heterogeneous than in homogeneous sand, but this difference in evaporation was insignificant in the stage where vapor diffuses through the precipitated salt to the external air. The salt crust formed not only decreased the surface temperature due to increased albedo by salt precipitation, but also resulted in a more discrete temperature distribution in the porous media. Our research results can promote further understanding of salt precipitation and evaporation in porous media.
Translocator Protein 18 kDa (TSPO) as a Novel Therapeutic Target for Chronic Pain
Authors: Liu Jie , Huang Jingyao , Zhang Zhenjiang , Zhang Rui , Zhang Zhihao , Liu Yongxin , Ma Baoyu
Published: August 2022

Chronic pain is an enormous modern public health problem, with significant numbers of people debilitated by chronic pain from a variety of etiologies. Translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) was discovered in 1977 as a peripheral benzodiazepine receptor. It is a five transmembrane domain protein, mainly localized in the outer mitochondrial membrane. Recent and increasing studies have found changes in TSPO and its ligands in various chronic pain models. Reversing their expressions has been shown to alleviate chronic pain in these models, illustrating the effects of TSPO and its ligands. Herein, we review recent evidence and the mechanisms of TSPO in the development of chronic pain associated with peripheral nerve injury, spinal cord injury, cancer, and inflammatory responses. The cumulative evidence indicates that TSPO-based therapy may become an alternative strategy for treating chronic pain.
A Study of the Morphological Design of Architecture from a Geometric Logic Perspective
Authors: Zhao Liuzhen , Yang Yingli
Published: August 2022

In order to further solve the problem of the application and auxiliary function of geometric prototypes in the process of complex architectural structural form design, a method of architectural form design research based on the perspective of geometric logic is proposed. Taking buildings as an example, combined with the requirements of architectural form design, the optimal design of architectural structure form is studied with the help of genetic algorithm, focusing on the verification of building plane and space optimization design under displacement constraints. The results show that after 3257 iterations, the adaptive degree does not change, the corresponding maximum uniqueness is 0.1196 mm, and the weight of the truss structure is 0.3585 t, indicating that the structural design based on geometric logic and genetic algorithm can effectively satisfy the optimal form design of the building form under the constraints. The design method of geometric logic incorporates the whole process of building use, building site, building system, and production and construction into the control scope of the design. In the design process, according to the real environment, through the translation and logic construction of computer language simulation, the architectural concept scheme is generated, and finally the building product is promoted. Complete with high precision.
Machine Learning‐Based Management of Hybrid Energy Storage Systems in e‐Vehicles
Authors: Blessie E. Chandra , Jagnannathan Sharath Kumar , Krishna Brahmadesam Viswanathan , David D. Beulah , Maheswari R. , Pavithra M. , Raj P. AnanthaChristu , Paramasivam Sivakumar , Prasad Vasireddy Raghu Ram
Published: August 2022

In transportation systems based on e‐vehicles, the energy demand is met with the integration of renewable energy sources while maintaining the voltage profile and mitigating the active and reactive power losses. Vehicle‐to‐grid optimization technique is used to ensure this integration. Minimum active and reactive power losses are achieved when e‐vehicles are integrated with the renewable energy sources in a hybrid mode. A machine learning framework with nested learning is used to ensure optimal methodology to trigger vehicular movement and monitoring of the SoC battery level. When the HEV operates, there is a high possibility for battery degradation, leading to loss of its capacity. To determine the optimal policy, the TD(λ) learning algorithm is incorporated. This algorithm is known to showcase high performance and a high convergence rate in a non‐Markovian environment. The output is simulated to record the readings observed which is aimed at optimizing the total operation cost and reduction in battery replacement. The results show that for shorter drives, the battery replacement cost is more and it is optimally possible to increase the battery life by 21% using the proposed work. Similarly, the recordings indicate that the proposed work shows a significant reduction of about 8%–10% in the operating cost when compared with the RL and rule‐based policy.
Analysis of Influencing Factors for Exercise Ventilation Efficiency of COPD Patients
Authors: Ge Yu-mei , Nie Shan , Jia Nan , Xu Qiu-Fen , Xu Bo , Wang Hao-Yan
Published: August 2022

Dynamic pulmonary hyperinflation and abnormal air exchange are the primary causes of the exercise limitation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. During exercise, COPD sufferers’ lungs are dynamically hyperinflated. Increased inefficient ventilation reduces ventilation efficiency and causes a mismatch between ventilation volume and blood flow. The ventilatory equivalent for CO2 (VeqCO2) is a physiological parameter that can be measured using cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Therefore, the aim of this exploratory study was to perform cardiopulmonary exercise testing on people with COPD, investigate the impact of static pulmonary function on ventilation efficiency under the exercise state, and screen the predictive indicators of ventilation efficiency. Subject. The aim of this study was to look at the factors that influence the exercise ventilation efficiency of people with COPD. Method. A total of 76 people with COPD were recruited during the stable period. Age, gender, body height, body mass, and other basic information were recorded. The body mass index (BMI) was determined, and forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), residual volume/total lung capacity (RV/TLC), diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO), and DLCO divided by the alveolar volume (DLCO/VA) were measured. The ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide (VE/VCO2) under the rest state (EqCO2rest), anaerobic threshold (EqCO2at), and maximum exercise state (EqCO2 max) were calculated to investigate the influencing factors for ventilation efficiency of people with COPD. Results. FEV1% was negatively correlated with EqCO2rest (r = −0.277,

P

value <0.05); FEV1/FVC % was negatively correlated with EqCO2rest and EqCO2at (r = −0.311, −0.287,

P

value <0.05); DLCO% was negatively correlated with EqCO2rest, EqCO2at, and EqCO2max (r = −0.408, −0.462, and −0.285,

P

value <0.05); DLCO/VA% was negatively correlated with EqCO2rest, EqCO2at, and EqCO2max (r = −0.390, −0.392, and −0.245,

P

value <0.05); RV/TLC was positively correlated with EqCO2rest and EqCO2at (r = 0.289, 0.258,

P

-value <0.05). The prediction equation from the multivariable regression analysis equation was Y = 40.04–0.075X (Y = EqCO2, X = DLCO/VA%). Conclusions. As the degree of ventilatory obstruction increased, the ventilation efficiency of the stable people with COPD under the exercise state showed a progressive decrease; the ventilation efficiency of the people with COPD decreased significantly under the maximum exercise state, and the ventilation capacity and diffusion capacity were the significant factors that affected the exercise ventilation efficiency. The diffusion function may predict the maximum ventilation efficiency and enable primary hospitals without exercise test equipment in developing countries to predict and screen patients at risk for current exercise based on limited information.
Evaluation of Physicochemical, Functional, and Sensorial Characteristics of Gluten-Free Turkish Noodle “Erişte” Formulated with Oat and Quinoa Flours
Authors: Çalışkan Koç Gülşah , Pandiselvam Ravi
Published: August 2022

This study aimed to develop and characterize the new gluten-free erişte formulated by using oat flour (100%), quinoa flour (100%), and oat + quinoa flour blend (50% + 50% by weight). The physicochemical, functional, and sensorial properties of developed gluten-free eriştes were evaluated. The moisture content values of gluten-free erişte samples were lower than 12% wet basis (w.b.). The highest ash (3.74 ± 0.63%), fat (8.17 ± 0.19%), and protein (18.74 ± 0.41%) content values were obtained for quinoa flour erişte. The highest water (76.67 ± 9.07%) and oil holding capacity (49.50 ± 7.78%) values were observed for quinoa flour erişte and oat + quinoa flour erişte samples, respectively. The highest brightness (

L
∗

) value was observed for oat + quinoa flour erişte (

p
<
0.05

). The quinoa flour erişte sample has the highest weight (354.22 ± 20.14%) and volume (268.20 ± 9.01%) increase values. The lowest (10.56 ± 1.83%) and highest (13.71 ± 0.83%) cooking loss values were observed from oat flour and quinoa flour erişte samples, respectively. In the light of the findings, it can be concluded that both oat and quinoa flours and their mixtures can be used to make gluten-free erişte, and the erişte samples were liked by the panelists.
[Retracted] Application of Functional Training in Sports Dance Training
Authors: Ji Hualin
Published: August 2022

With the rapid development of the economy, people’s various needs for daily life are also increasing. Because this sport combines sports and dance, which makes the sport have the effect of physical fitness, as well as the emotional edification and visual beauty that dance brings to dancers and audiences. With the increase in people’s needs, at the same time, corresponding to the relatively insufficient functional training of the project, this problem makes sports dance, the international standard ballroom dance, always at a low level of development, and at the same time, makes it lack of competitiveness. Also, the nature of dance is now more of a viewing experience. In view of the lack of functional training in international standard ballroom dancing, this article will study the role of functional training in this. By adopting the technology of human body feature recognition and functional action screening, it implements the steps of human action recognition detection technology, human action tracking technology, human body posture shape recognition method, and functional action screening. And the final experimental results show that functional training can screen out 57.3% of female dancers, with ligament damage, and 52.1% of male dancers. The screen outs were more than half of the total numbers, which shows that functional training effectively improves international standard ballroom dance that can provide good assistance for dancers’ training.
Effect of Story Structure Instruction Based on Visual Analysis on Reading Comprehension Intervention for Dyslexic Students
Authors: Yang Hanzhu
Published: August 2022

The application of artificial intelligence (AI) technology in the field of dyslexia is becoming increasingly abundant. However, the content of related literature shows that there is still a lack of systematic and comprehensive research in this field at home and abroad. By outlining the development of AI technology, the meaning, causes, and classification of learning disabilities, the most representative studies on the application of AI technology in dyslexia education, including four aspects of diagnosis, intervention, assessment, and services are analyzed. The study finds that AI technology can improve the conditions suffering from dyslexia and dysgraphia, and can serve the education of dyslexic children as a technical tool to overcome dyslexia. By summarizing the effect of story structure teaching based on visual analysis on reading comprehension intervention for students with dyslexia, it can provide useful references and references for related research.
Application of Multivariate Statistical Analysis Based on the Random Matrix in the Study of Chinese Cultural Symbols
Authors: Han Xin
Published: August 2022

In today’s diversified development of contemporary culture, how Chinese traditional culture and contemporary graphic design can be perfectly integrated into contemporary design and how to reflect their unique cultural symbols in contemporary design is a major issue that designers and researchers must face. This paper takes Chinese cultural symbols as the research object and adopts a multivariate statistical model based on a random matrix. By means of factor analysis and cluster analysis, the number of dimensions of multivariate data is minimized while ensuring minimal information loss to improve the efficiency of the analysis. This paper takes Chinese cultural symbols as the core and adopts a multivariate statistical method based on the random matrix for factor analysis and cluster analysis, in an attempt to establish a complete and scientific evaluation index system, which provides a reliable tool for the study of Chinese cultural symbols.
Modeling and Optimization of Ship Waste Heat Utilization System Based on Genetic Algorithm and Sensing
Authors: Lyu Long
Published: August 2022

In order to solve the optimization problem of ship waste heat utilization system, the modeling and optimization method of ship waste heat utilization system based on genetic algorithm and sensing is proposed. The 6S50ME-C8.2 volume method model was established based on Matlab/Simulink simulation platform. According to the test data of the 6S50ME-C8.2 diesel engine, the simulation value is very close to the test value, which verifies the accuracy of the simulation model. The experimental results show that the thermal efficiency of high-power medium and low-speed two-stroke diesel engines is high, the exhaust temperature of the main engine is generally maintained at about 230°C, and the energy content of exhaust gas is relatively low. If no other measures are taken, the waste gas is directly channeled into the waste heat boiler, which cannot effectively recover the heat in the waste gas. Conclusion. The model can well simulate the actual working condition of the diesel engine, and the exhaust temperature has reached 298°C. The energy quality of waste gas at the inlet of the waste heat boiler is improved to meet the requirements of the waste heat recovery system.
Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in the Development and Progression of Gastric Cancer
Authors: Miao Yingying , Tang Hui , Zhai Qizhi , Liu Lu , Xia Lu , Wu Wenhan , Xu Yue , Wang Jianning
Published: August 2022

Objectives. This study aims to explore gut microbiota dysbiosis in the histological stages of gastric cancer (GC). Methods. Feces samples and clinical characteristics were collected from patients with different stages of GC, including 15 superficial gastritis (SG), 13 atrophic gastritis (AG), 8 gastric mucosal atypical hyperplasia (GMAH), and 15 advanced GC cases. The diversity and composition of gut microbiota among the four groups were determined by sequencing the V4 region of bacterial 16S rRNA genes. Results. Reduced gut microbial alpha diversity and altered dissimilarity of the microbial community structure were found among the four groups. In addition, 18 species, 6 species, 6 species, and 16 species of bacteria were enriched in the SG, AG, GMAH, and GC groups, respectively, using the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) analyses. Besides, we found that two new genera, Scardovia and Halomonas, are associated with GC and the metabolic pathways of Genetic information processing and Circulatory System were more abundant in the GC group compared with noncancer groups. Conclusions. We identified differences in microbial compositional changes across stages of GC. Six genera and two metabolic pathways were more abundant in the GC group than noncancer groups, suggesting that these findings may contribute to the therapy strategies in GC in the near feature.
Sustained Supratherapeutic Paclitaxel Delivery Enhances Irreversible Sarcoma Cell Death
Authors: Blessing William A. , Digesu Christopher S. , Liu Rong , Mahvi David A. , Tal-mason Aya , Kumar Anil , Hachey Krista J. , Colby Aaron H. , Korunes-Miller Jenny T. , Agar Natalie , Regan Michael S. , Shih Angela , Raut Chandrajit P. , Grinstaff Mark W. , Colson Yolonda L.
Published: August 2022

Risk of locoregional recurrence after sarcoma resection is high, increasing both morbidity and mortality. Intraoperative implantation of paclitaxel (PTX)-eluting polymer films locally delivers sustained, supratherapeutic PTX concentrations to the tumor bed that are not clinically feasible with systemic therapy, thereby reducing recurrence and improving survival in a murine model of recurrent sarcoma. However, the biology underlying increased efficacy of PTX-eluting films is unknown and provides the impetus for this work. In vitro PTX efficacy is time and dose dependent with prolonged exposure significantly decreasing PTX IC50 values for human chondrosarcoma (CS-1) cells (153.9 nmol/L at 4 hours vs. 14.2 nmol/L at 30 hours, P = 0.0001). High-dose PTX significantly inhibits proliferation with in vivo PTX films delivering a dose >130 μmol/L directly to the tumor thereby irreversibly arresting cell cycle and inducing apoptosis in CS-1 as well as patient-derived liposarcoma (LP6) and leiomyosarcoma (LMS20). Supratherapeutic PTX upregulates the expression of p21 in G2–M arrested cells, and irreversibly induces apoptosis followed by cell death, within 4 hours of exposure. Microarray analyses corroborate the finding of poor DNA integrity commonly observed as a final step of apoptosis in CS-1 cells and tumor. Unlike low PTX concentrations at the tumor bed during systemic delivery, supratherapeutic concentrations achieved with PTX-eluting films markedly decrease sarcoma lethality in vivo and offer an alternative paradigm to prevent recurrence.
Predictors of Local Recurrence and Progression-Free Survival in Iodine-125 Brachytherapy-Treated Uveal Melanomas: A Modern Institutional Study
Authors: Gurayah Aaron A. , Peters Vanessa A. , Jin William , Kalahasty Karthik , Kwon Deukwoo , Zhao Wei , Patel Nirav V. , Markoe Arnold M. , Correa Zelia M. , Studenski Matthew T. , Harbour J. William , Samuels Stuart E.
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Iodine-125 brachytherapy is an effective eye-sparing treatment for uveal melanoma. Previous work has shown that uveal melanomas cluster into distinct molecular classes based on gene expression profiles – discriminating low-grade from high-grade tumors. Our objective was to identify clinical and molecular predictors of local recurrence (LR) and progression-free survival (PFS). Methods: We constructed a retrospective database of uveal melanoma patients from the University of Miami’s electronic medical records that were treated between January 8, 2012, and January 5, 2019, with either COMS-style or Eye Physics plaque. Data on tumor characteristics, pretreatment retinal complications, post-plaque treatments, LR, and PFS were collected. Univariate and multivariate Cox models for cumulative incidence of LR and PFS were conducted using SAS version 9.4. Results: We identified 262 patients, with a median follow-up time of 33.5 months. Nineteen patients (7.3%) had LR, and 56 patients (21.4%) were classified as PFS. We found that ocular melanocytosis (hazard ratio = 5.55, p < 0.001) had the greatest impact on PFS. Genetic expression profile did not predict LR outcomes (hazard ratio = 0.51, p = 0.297). Conclusion: These findings help physicians identify predictors for short-term brachytherapy outcomes, allowing better shared decision making with patients preoperatively when deciding between brachytherapy versus enucleation. Patients stratified to higher risk groups based on preoperative characteristics such as ocular melanocytosis should be monitored more closely. Future studies must validate these findings using a prospective cohort study.
Relações entre a judicialização de cobertura e a incorporação de tecnologia na saúde suplementar: o caso dos quimioterápicos
Authors: Kozan Julian Ferreira , Magalhães Marina de Almeida
Published: August 2022

A negativa de cobertura de tratamentos é o principal fator que leva beneficiários de planos de saúde a buscar a justiça, e o motivo central alegado pelas empresas do setor para essa recusa é o fato do tratamento pleiteado não ser contemplado no Rol de Procedimentos e Eventos em Saúde da Agência Nacional de Saúde Suplementar. Este artigo analisou a incorporação de tecnologias em saúde no Brasil, especialmente no setor de saúde suplementar, e a regulação da cobertura de tratamento para câncer pelos planos de saúde, identificando possíveis influências, bem como o sentido da atuação do Poder Judiciário na incorporação de quimioterápicos na saúde suplementar. Para tanto, utilizaram-se dois bancos de dados que, somados, contêm informações sobre todos os acórdãos (1.368), proferidos em segunda instância entre 2015 e 2019 pelo Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo, em ações judiciais ajuizadas na Comarca da Capital que demandaram tratamentos quimioterápicos contra operadoras de planos de saúde. Foram explorados em maior detalhe os casos dos dez quimioterápicos mais demandados no escopo considerado. Os resultados do estudo mostraram que, apesar da regulação setorial da saúde suplementar determinar  a cobertura de sete dos dez quimioterápicos mais demandados, isso não impediu que ela fosse, ainda assim, negada aos beneficiários. Há, portanto, indicativos de que a atuação do Poder Judiciário, que julgou favoravelmente 96,3% das demandas analisadas, cumpre uma função de enforcement da regulação setorial da incorporação de tecnologias, em contraposição à hipótese de que seria uma via ilegítima para o acesso a tecnologias não cobertas. Trata-se, a partir dessa perspectiva, de uma importante instância de garantia do direito à saúde dos beneficiários de planos privados de saúde.
Routine Pressure Wire Assessment Versus Conventional Angiography in the Management of Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: The RIPCORD 2 Trial
Authors: Stables Rodney H. , Mullen Liam J. , Elguindy Mostafa , Nicholas Zoe , Aboul-Enien Yousra H. , Kemp Ian , O’Kane Peter , Hobson Alex , Johnson Thomas W. , Khan Sohail Q. , Wheatcroft Stephen B. , Garg Scot , Zaman Azfar G. , Mamas Mamas A. , Nolan James , Jadhav Sachin , Berry Colin , Watkins Stuart , Hildick-Smith David , Gunn Julian , Conway Dwayne , Hoye Angels , Fazal Iftikhar A. , Hanratty Colm G. , De Bruyne Bernard , Curzen Nick
Published: August 2022

Background:

Measurement of fractional flow reserve (FFR) has an established role in guiding percutaneous coronary intervention. We tested the hypothesis that, at the stage of diagnostic invasive coronary angiography, systematic FFR-guided assessment of coronary artery disease would be superior, in terms of resource use and quality of life, to assessment by angiography alone.

Methods:

We performed an open-label, randomized, controlled trial in 17 UK centers, recruiting 1100 patients undergoing invasive coronary angiography for the investigation of stable angina or non–ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction. Patients were randomized to either angiography alone (angiography) or angiography with systematic pressure wire assessment of all epicardial vessels >2.25 mm in diameter (angiography+FFR). The coprimary outcomes assessed at 1 year were National Health Service hospital costs and quality of life. Prespecified secondary outcomes included clinical events.

Results:

In the angiography+FFR arm, the median number of vessels examined was 4 (interquartile range, 3–5). The median hospital costs were similar: angiography, £4136 (interquartile range, £2613–£7015); and angiography+FFR, £4510 (£2721–£7415;
P
=0.137). There was no difference in median quality of life using the visual analog scale of the EuroQol EQ-5D-5L: angiography, 75 (interquartile range, 60–87); and angiography+FFR, 75 (interquartile range, 60–90;
P
=0.88). The number of clinical events was as follows: deaths, 5 versus 8; strokes, 3 versus 4; myocardial infarctions, 23 versus 22; and unplanned revascularizations, 26 versus 33, with a composite hierarchical event rate of 8.7% (48 of 552) for angiography versus 9.5% (52 of 548) for angiography+FFR (
P
=0.64).

Conclusions:

A strategy of systematic FFR assessment compared with angiography alone did not result in a significant reduction in cost or improvement in quality of life.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT01070771.
Cardiomyocyte-Specific Long Noncoding RNA Regulates Alternative Splicing of the Triadin Gene in the Heart
Authors: Zhao Yuanbiao , Riching Andrew S. , Knight Walter E. , Chi Congwu , Broadwell Lindsey J. , Du Yanmei , Abdel-Hafiz Mostafa , Ambardekar Amrut V. , Irwin David C. , Proenza Catherine , Xu Hongyan , Leinwand Leslie A. , Walker Lori A. , Woulfe Kathleen C. , Bristow Michael R. , Buttrick Peter M. , Song Kunhua
Published: August 2022

Background:

Abnormalities in Ca
2+
homeostasis are associated with cardiac arrhythmias and heart failure. Triadin plays an important role in Ca
2+
homeostasis in cardiomyocytes. Alternative splicing of a single
triadin
gene produces multiple triadin isoforms. The cardiac-predominant isoform, mouse MT-1 or human Trisk32, is encoded by
triadin
exons 1 to 8. In humans, mutations in the
triadin
gene that lead to a reduction in Trisk32 levels in the heart can cause cardiac dysfunction and arrhythmias. Decreased levels of Trisk32 in the heart are also common in patients with heart failure. However, mechanisms that maintain triadin isoform composition in the heart remain elusive.

Methods:

We analyzed triadin expression in heart explants from patients with heart failure and cardiac arrhythmias and in hearts from mice carrying a knockout allele for
Trdn-as
, a cardiomyocyte-specific long noncoding RNA encoded by the antisense strand of the
triadin
gene, between exons 9 and 11. Catecholamine challenge with isoproterenol was performed on
Trdn-as
knockout mice to assess the role of
Trdn-as
in cardiac arrhythmogenesis, as assessed by ECG. Ca
2+
transients in adult mouse cardiomyocytes were measured with the IonOptix platform or the GCaMP system. Biochemistry assays, single-molecule fluorescence in situ hybridization, subcellular localization imaging, RNA sequencing, and molecular rescue assays were used to investigate the mechanisms by which
Trdn-as
regulates cardiac function and triadin levels in the heart.

Results:

We report that
Trdn-as
maintains cardiac function, at least in part, by regulating alternative splicing of the
triadin
gene. Knockout of
Trdn-as
in mice downregulates cardiac triadin, impairs Ca
2+
handling, and causes premature death.
Trdn-as
knockout mice are susceptible to cardiac arrhythmias in response to catecholamine challenge. Normalization of cardiac triadin levels in
Trdn-as
knockout cardiomyocytes is sufficient to restore Ca
2+
handling. Last,
Trdn-as
colocalizes and interacts with serine/arginine splicing factors in cardiomyocyte nuclei and is essential for efficient recruitment of splicing factors to
triadin
precursor mRNA.

Conclusions:

These findings reveal regulation of alternative splicing as a novel mechanism by which a long noncoding RNA controls cardiac function. This study indicates potential therapeutics for heart disease by targeting the long noncoding RNA or pathways regulating alternative splicing.
Association Between Device-Measured Physical Activity and Incident Heart Failure: A Prospective Cohort Study of 94 739 UK Biobank Participants
Authors: Ho Frederick K. , Zhou Ziyi , Petermann-Rocha Fanny , Para-Soto Solange , Boonpor Jirapitcha , Welsh Paul , Gill Jason M.R. , Gray Stuart R. , Sattar Naveed , Pell Jill P. , Celis-Morales Carlos
Published: August 2022

Background:

Studies of objectively measured physical activity (PA) have investigated acute cardiovascular outcomes but not heart failure (HF), an emerging chronic condition. This study aimed to investigate the dose-response relationship between device-measured PA and HF by intensity of PA.

Methods:

This was a prospective cohort study of 94 739 UK Biobank participants who had device-measured PA in 2013 to 2015 and were free from myocardial infarction and HF. PA was measured with a wrist-worn accelerometer, and time spent on light-, moderate-, and vigorous-intensity PA was extracted. Incident HF was ascertained from linked hospital and death records. Cox proportional hazard models with cubic penalized splines were used to study the associations, which were adjusted for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. Competing risk was handled with cause-specific hazard ratios.

Results:

The overall incidence of HF was 98.5 per 10 000 person-years over a median 6.1 years of follow-up. Compared with participants who undertook no moderate- to vigorous-intensity PA, those who performed 150 to 300 min/wk of moderate-intensity PA (hazard ratio, 0.37 [95% CI, 0.34–0.41]) and 75 to 150 min/wk of vigorous-intensity PA (hazard ratio, 0.34 [95% CI, 0.25–0.46]) were at lower HF risk. The association between vigorous-intensity PA and HF was reverse-J shaped with a potentially lower risk reduction above 150 min/wk.

Conclusions:

Device-measured PA, especially moderate-intensity PA, was associated with a lower risk of HF. Current vigorous-intensity PA recommendations should be encouraged but not increased. In contrast, increasing moderate-intensity PA may be beneficial even among those meeting current recommendations.