bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CIE Position Statement on Integrative Lighting Recommending Proper Light at the Proper Time
Authors:   CIE GB
Published: September 2024

Knowledge about the effects of light on human health, behaviour, and well-being is advancing rapidly, as is interest in applying this knowledge in lighting technologies and practice. This CIE Position Statement is the third edition on this topic, updating its 2019 predecessor to incorporate the recommendations from the Second International Workshop on Circadian and Neurophysiological Photoreception (held in Manchester, UK, in 2019). Following the 2024 publication of a CIE Technical Note documenting the workshop deliberations, this Position Statement summarizes the workshop recommendations and outlines further questions that remain before these can be fully integrated into general lighting recommendations. The CIE Position Statement reaffirms that research and application intended to consider integrative lighting should incorporate the CIE system for metrology of ipRGC-influenced effects of light (CIE S 026:2018). Finally, this updated CIE Position Statement concludes with a commitment to join an international effort to develop communications for the general public to inform individuals about how to use the currently-available knowledge about light and darkness for their personal health and well-being. Key take-away points from this Position Statement are: Good lighting quality balances human well-being, health, and functioning to achieve integrative lighting, while also respecting energy, environmental, and architectural considerations. Characterizing light for integrative effects should follow CIE S 026:2018, CIE System for Metrology of Optical Radiation for ipRGC-Influenced Responses to Light. International experts meeting in Manchester, UK, proposed guidance for a healthy pattern of daily light exposure for healthy young adults that recommends a high light exposure during the day, a much lower level for 3 hours before bed, and near-darkness during sleep. Applying these recommendations in order to deliver high-quality integrative lighting will require careful design attention to prevent glare and manage lighting energy use, among other considerations. Enough is known today about lighting for health to provide general guidance to the public, which the CIE will provide together with other international partners in the coming months
Saúde mental em tempos de inteligência artificial: estamos na vanguarda de uma nova era?
Authors: Leite Lucas Tamamaru Santos
Published: September 2024

A inteligência artificial (IA) vem representando uma revolução na assistência médica, especificamente ao que se refere à saúde mental, cujo potencial leva em conta algoritmos de diagnóstico, análise de dados de diversas fontes e monitoramento de pacientes em tempo real, no entanto, questões associadas à  privacidade, ao preconceito e ao risco desta ferramenta substituir o atendimento humano também são evidentes; de modo que a regulamentação e o envolvimento do médico são fundamentais para a sua implantação equitativa; não obstante potencializar a tomada de decisões clínicas e a eficiência, em contrapartida, pode secundar os dilemas morais, perda de autonomia e questões relacionadas ao escopo da prática, o alcance de um equilíbrio entre os pontos fortes e as limitações implica em utiliza-la como um suplemento clínico validado sob supervisão médica; a sua trajetória deve estar alinhada à otimização do tratamento de saúde mental e a manutenção do cuidado compassivo; mas não se pode negar que a sua integração na psiquiatria e psicoterapia é uma realidade.
Representation of Confrontational Agonal Statements in Political Institutional Discourse (Based on the Trilogy "House of Cards" by Michael Dobbs)
Authors: Ananeva E. P. , Gumovskaya G. N.
Published: September 2024

Agonality is a type of communicative competition that provides an appropriate environment for an individual to establish his or her superiority over their opponent. To achieve this goal, a range of communicative strategies and tactics may be implemented. This article discusses approaches to measuring the pragmatic potential of confrontational agonal statements in political institutional discourse. The research is based on the trilogy “House of Cards” by Michael Dobbs, which includes a voluminous number of agonal communicative situations. The analysis sheds light on how verbal competitiveness in the political institutional discourse is represented through the lens of a literary work. The relevance of this study is determined by the absence of a universal system of confrontational agonal statements analysis and intensification of adversariality in the world political arena. The methods applied in the current research include descriptive-comparative, quantitative calculation and discourse analysis. The paper examines the structure of agonality, the basics of argumentation in the verbal competition and the usage of meta-discourse markers in political institutional discourse. For these purposes, a comprehensive model for analysing confrontational agonal situations is proposed, which includes agonal strategies and tactics, types of argumentation and the use of meta-discourse markers. Our findings indicate that the confrontational type of agonality is mainly implemented via theatrical strategy and downward strategy (the prevailing tactics being analysis- “minus”, differentiation, and motivation.) The classification may be extended with the tactics of criticizing (downward strategy) and boasting (upward strategy). Psychological argumentation proved to be more effective than logical argumentation (mainly realised through the motive of public interests and the motive of truth and law).The paper further pinpoints that meta-discourse markers of involvement, self-mentions, boosters, and attitude markers have an influential capacity to secure supremacy in a verbal competition.
Typical Errors in Russian-Language Speech of Preschool Children in The Situation of Russian-Kyrgyz Bilingualism
Authors: Galkina E. V. , Krasnoshchekova S. V.
Published: September 2024

What mechanisms are involved in the acquisition of the Russian language by bilingual children? This question is widely studied on the speech of bilinguals. Most of the research is based on the data of bilingual children’s speech acquiring Russian as a native language, however not the dominant one. In this study, we consider a situation in which Russian is one of the two official languages of the country and the most relevant (dominant) one for the child.

   The aim of the paper is to analyze speech features of preschool children permanently residing in Kyrgyzstan (Bishkek), to identify speech errors most typical of Russian-Kyrgyz bilingual children, to classify and compare them with those, characteristic of other groups of Russian learners.

   The material includes children’s oral picture-based narratives collected using the MAIN instrument. The narratives were audio recorded, then transcribed and analyzed. The main method of analysis was functional analysis of speech and language data. The analysis of the material shows that our informants used the same speech strategies as bilingual children acquiring Russian as a non-dominant language. The types of errors arising from the use of bilingual strategies are: non-distinguishing grammar gender due to the interference of the second language, use of original forms instead of oblique ones as well as a tendency to use “frozen” forms and constructions, both due to the strategy of simplification. Along with this, we have noted numerous innovations that are characteristic of Russian-speaking monolingual children of earlier age, as well as errors usual in children with atypical speech development. The errors were of similar nature, while the Russian input had different quantity and quality. This indicates the desire of both bilingual and monolingual children to simplify linguistic phenomena, which is probably an optimal cognitive strategy in the situation of parallel learning several languages.
Recommendations for Integrating Traditional Birth Attendants to Improve Maternal Health Outcomes in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Rutledge Jaleah D. , Kiyanda Alexis , Jean-Louis Christina , Raskin Elizabeth , Gaillard Joanne , Maxwell Morgan , Smith Tynetta , Kershaw Trace , Abrams Jasmine
Published: September 2024

Adverse maternal health outcomes and high rates of maternal mortality continue to disproportionately affect low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). With limited access to health facility care, many women in LMICs rely on traditional birth attendants (TBAs) to meet their maternal health needs. While some studies consider the use of TBAs to be problematic, others suggest the integration of TBAs into maternal healthcare to improve health outcomes. The aim of this study is to utilize extant research to provide recommendations for optimizing the role of TBAs in maternal healthcare in Haiti, a LMIC. Each recommendation builds upon previous global health research, programmatic work, and a series of research studies conducted in Haiti to better understand and improve maternal healthcare in low-resource settings. Recommendations for integrating TBAs in maternal health include: (1) Integrate TBAs throughout prenatal, perinatal, and postpartum care to provide culturally relevant physical and emotional support to mothers; (2) Build capacity among TBAs to identify high-risk situations and link patients to care; (3) create TBA-led efforts to improve coordination and care; (4) Establish a collaborative pipeline from TBAs to facility-based care; and (5) create inclusive facility environments for TBAs to help reduce medical mistrust among patients. TBAs occupy an important role in the maternal health of women in LMICs and have the potential to contribute toward improved maternal health outcomes. The recommendations provided herein can be used to aid practitioners and researchers in reducing maternal morbidity and mortality globally.
Cervical Precancer Treatment Outcomes in Cameroon
Authors: Nkfusai Joseph F. , Manga Simon M. , Nulah Kathleen , Ngalla Calvin , Manjuh Florence , Nkfusai Claude Ngwayu , Nicholas Tendongfor , Gregory Halle Ekane Edie
Published: September 2024

Background and Objective

The ablative and excision treatment procedures are effective, accessible, and affordable in resource-constrained settings, but the rollout and posttreatment follow-up are not remarkable. The outcomes of treatment procedures among women treated for precancerous lesions of the cervix have not been adequately studied in Cameroon. This study assessed the outcome of ablative and excisional treatment procedures.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study that assessed the clinical outcome of 170 women treated for cervical precancers using ablative and excisional procedures in 2019 and 2020. Demographic and clinical data (treatment and posttreatment follow-up) were abstracted from the program registry. The data was analyzed to assess the clinical outcomes of cervical precancer treatment. The association between each independent variable and the dependent variable was examined in a simple logistic regression. All variables with p < 0.2 in the bivariate logistic regression model were subjected to a multivariable logistic model to get rid of cofounders and obtained adjustable odds ratios. The data was summarized using odds ratios, with p-value < 0.05 considered significant. All statistical analyses were performed using STATA version 17.

Results

The cervical precancer treatment effectiveness of 93.55% was disaggregated into 94.37% and 88.23% for ablative and excisional procedures, respectively, with less severe adverse clinical effects. Despite the high awareness of women on the importance and timing of posttreatment follow-up, its uptake was 54.71%. Most of the women who got pregnant after the procedures delivered live and healthy babies. Women who were HIV positive were 89% (0.89 times) [aOR = 0.11, 95%CI (0.01 0.85), p = 0.034] less likely to have effective treatment for cervical precancer when compared to HIV-negative women. Those with low-grade lesions were eight times [aOR = 8.39, 95%CI (1.10 64.06), p = 0.04] more likely to have effective treatment for cervical precancer treatment compared to those with high-grade lesions.

Conclusion and Global Health Implications

Ablative and excisional treatment procedures for cervical precancer were effective with limited adverse effects in Cameroon. Women living with HIV and those with large lesions experienced lower treatment effectiveness. Most of the women who got pregnant after the procedures delivered live and healthy babies. Posttreatment follow-up which is highly recommended because of recurrent/persistent lesions was barely above average.
Flaky paint dermatosis in two adult patients of malnutrition
Authors: Swarnkar Bhavya , Bhari Neetu , Ramam M.
Published: September 2024

Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) is a state of undernutrition with various cutaneous manifestations. It is widely studied in children but is common yet neglected in adults. We report two adult cases of flaky paint dermatosis due to PEM, along with a description of their dermoscopy features. This paper intends to create awareness about these cutaneous changes amongst physicians and our fellow dermatologists for early recognition of PEM in adults.
Promoting Health Literacy as an Important Initiative in Reducing Health Disparities and Advancing Health Equity
Authors: Singh Gopal K. , Lee Hyunjung , Kim Lyoung Hee , Daus Gem P.
Published: September 2024

Health literacy is increasingly being recognized as an important social determinant of health and a key initiative to reduce health disparities and promote health equity at global, national, regional, and local levels. We provide new definitions of health literacy covering both personal and organizational aspects. Individuals’ ability to use health information rather than just understand it in order to make informed decisions about their health and health care are the hallmarks of these definitions. The new definitions acknowledge the importance of organizations addressing health literacy themselves as patients should not be solely responsible for health literacy. Our analyses of two recent US databases, the 2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and the 2022 Health Center Patient Survey, show striking racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in health literacy levels and consequent health impacts. Compared to White Americans, Asians, Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders, and Hispanics have markedly lower levels of health literacy as they experience greater difficulties in obtaining health information, understanding written health information, and information they receive from healthcare providers. Education and income gradients in health literacy are steep. Americans in the lowest education and income strata have 7 to 10 times greater difficulty in receiving needed medical advice or health information than those at the highest education and income levels; they score 17–20 points lower on the health literacy index than their counterparts with high education or income levels. Patients who do not receive easy-to-understand health information from their healthcare providers have significantly increased risks of poor health, serious psychological distress, and emergency care. We discuss social and health benefits and strategies for improving health literacy.
3D ultrasound-augmented image guidance for surgery of high-grade gliomas – A quantitative analysis focused on the extent of resection
Authors: Anichini Giulio , Shah Islam , Mahoney Dominic Edward , Patel Neekhil , Pakzad-Shahabi Lillie , Da Costa Olga Fadeeva , Syed Nelofer , Perryman Richard , Waldman Adam , O’Neill Kevin
Published: September 2024

Background:

We have retrospectively reviewed our series of brain tumor patients operated on using 3D IntraOperative UltraSound (IOUS) to report technical advantages and areas of improvement.

Methods:

Clinical and radiological data of patients with a diagnosis of high-grade glioma IV operated with and without IOUS were retrieved and analyzed.

Results:

We have found 391 patients operated using IOUS coupled with neuronavigation and 257 using neuronavigation standalone. We have selected a pool of 60 patients with a diagnosis of GlioBlastoma (GB), comparing two equally sized groups operated with and without IOUS, respectively. The average extent of resection (EOR) in the IOUS group was 93%, while in the control group, it was 80%. IOUS was significantly associated with improved EOR (P < 0.0004), even when accounting for other factors affecting EOR. The average overall survival (OS) was 13.4 months, and the average progression-free survival (PFS) was 7.4 months. The Cox proportional hazard model showed an advantage in OS on patients operated using the IOUS. No statistically significant effect was observed on PFS.

Conclusion:

Intraoperative ultrasound coupled with image guidance is associated with an improved EOR and possibly an improved OS. While we are aware of several limitations related to the present analysis, these data support the routine use of IOUS as a safe and reliable technology. Larger, prospective series with updated IOUS technology are desirable to verify the accuracy of these results.
Spinal cord infarction: A systematic review and meta-analysis of patient’s characteristics, diagnosis accuracy, management, and outcome
Authors: Dokponou Yao Christian Hugues , Ontsi Obame Fresnel Lutèce , Takoutsing Berjo , Mustapha Mubarak Jolayemi , Nyalundja Arsène Daniel , Elmi Saad Moussa , Badirou Omar Boladji Adebayo , Adjiou Dognon Kossi François de Paule , Agada Kpègnon Nicaise , Djimrabeye Alngar , Bankole Nourou Dine Adeniran
Published: September 2024

Background:

Acute spinal cord infarction (SCI) is a rare ischemic vascular lesion. It is difficult to diagnose during the acute phase because the clinical features can vary widely, and the diffusion-weighted imaging of spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) often fails to detect any obvious abnormality. The first aim of this study was to describe the SCI patients’ characteristics, evaluate the accuracy of its diagnosis tools and management, and then find the strength of the effect of spinal surgical decompression on the patient’s outcome.

Methods:

A PubMed keyword and Boolean search using (“spinal cord infarction” OR “spinal cord ischemia” AND diagnosis OR management OR outcome) returned 221,571 results by applying filters. We added 17,400 results from Google Scholar. Fourteen studies were included in the quantitative meta-analysis of mean differences.

Results:

The Time to Nadir was <6 h (56.1%), 6–12 h (30.7%), 12–72 h (5.4%), and more than 72 h (7.8%). The higher proportion of Owl’s eye findings in the MRI was reported at the cervical level (39.6%) and thoracic level (22.9%) P = 0.031. The T2DWI has a moderate accuracy (area under the curve = 0.835) in detecting the T2 hypersignal intensity (T2HSI) at the hyperacute time to NADIR (<6 h). The median modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at admission was 3 (2–3), and after a follow-up duration of 12 months (6–15.5), the median mRS was reported to be 1 (1–2). About 68.9% benefited from medical treatment and physiotherapy, whereas spinal surgical decompression was done in 22.8%. Seventy percent of the overall studies favor spinal surgical decompression, with the estimated average standardized mean difference between medical and surgical treatment being = 1.2083 (95% confidence interval: 1.0250–1.3917).

Conclusion:

The T2DWI has moderate accuracy in detecting the T2HSI at the hyperacute time (NADIR <6 h). Even though surgical decompression favored good outcomes, medical treatment with physiotherapy was mostly used for the management of SCI.
Burkholderia cepacia cervical spondylodiscitis in a 39-year-old immunocompetent woman after a rhinoplasty: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Perona-Fajardo Francisco , Morales-Díaz Arturo , Malpartida-Tabuchi Oscar , Salcedo Ricardo Manuel
Published: September 2024

Background:

Burkholderia cepacia has been described as a rare etiology for spondylodiscitis (SD) after surgical procedures.

Case Description:

We report a rare case of cervical SD caused by B. cepacia in a 39-year-old immunocompetent woman after a rhinoplasty treated with complex cervical surgery and prolonged antibiotic therapy. The follow-up visits showed no recurrence of symptoms.

Conclusion:

Diagnostic and therapeutic of rare spinal infections, particularly those caused by atypical pathogens such as B. cepacia, are challenging. Identification and personalized therapy are crucial.
A case of immunocompetent intracranial cryptococcoma in which intraoperative rapid pathological diagnosis and polymerase chain reaction led to early treatment: What to know to avoid misdiagnosis as brain tumor
Authors: Fujishita Saho , Inoue Akihiro , Watanabe Hideaki , Nishikawa Masahiro , Taniwaki Mashio , Matsumoto Sayaka , Ochi Masayuki , Suemori Koichiro , Watanabe Akira , Kitazawa Riko , Shigekawa Seiji , Ohyagi Yasumasa , Kunieda Takeharu
Published: September 2024

Background:

Cryptococcal infections of the central nervous system are infrequent in immunocompetent hosts and usually present as meningitis. However, a fungal mass called a cryptococcoma may form, requiring caution in therapeutic intervention. Here, we report a rare case in which treatment of intraventricular cryptococcoma in an immunocompetent patient was facilitated by rapid pathological diagnosis.

Case Description:

A 58-year-old previously healthy man was admitted to our hospital with fever, headache, and gradually worsening hearing loss over 1 month. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed moderately elevated levels of protein and lymphocytic cells and decreased glucose. In addition, β2-microglobulin was highly elevated. Magnetic resonance imaging showed homogeneously enhanced lesions in lateral ventricles of the left and right hemispheres and the subarachnoid space, and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography revealed abnormal uptake corresponding to the lesion. A surgical excision was performed to achieve a definitive diagnosis. Intraoperative rapid pathology, including immunohistochemistry (IHC), yielded negative results for malignant tumor, suggesting the possibility of inflammatory granuloma. Additional targeted pathological diagnosis was immediately performed. Paraffin-embedded histopathological examination showed fibrocaseous granuloma and numerous fungal spores. Cryptococcus neoformans within the granuloma were suggested by Fontana–Masson and Grocott staining and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), leading to a diagnosis of cryptococcoma. Antifungal agents were started 3 days postoperatively. The patient has since been doing well, with no recurrence.

Conclusion:

This pathology can be difficult to distinguish from a brain tumor, so early pathological diagnosis, including rapid pathology with IHC and PCR, may be crucial.
Perspective: Risks/adverse events for epidural spinal injections
Authors: Epstein Nancy E. , Agulnick Marc A.
Published: September 2024

Background:

Despite the lack of FDA (Food and Drug Administration) approval, cervical and lumbar epidural spinal injections are frequently performed in the US to address back pain and/or painful radiculopathy. The three major types of injections include; interlaminar/translaminar (ESI), transforaminal (TFESI), or caudal injections. Notably, most studies document little to no clear short-term, and no long-term benefits/efficacy for these injections vs. various placebos.

Methods:

More adverse events (AE) occurred with cervical© rather than lumbar (L) injections, and more severe AE were attributed to C-TFESI vs. CESI injections.

Results:

Acute post injection AE symptoms were observed immediately or within 72 post-injection hours. These symptoms included; hypotension, acute respiratory distress, chest pain, upper extremity numbness, weakness, paresthesias, paralysis, and fevers. More AE were attributed to cervical C-TFESI vs. cervical CESI. These AE included; intramedullary/cord injections, intravascular injections (i.e. vertebral artery) resulting in brain stem/cerebellar/cord strokes, epidural abscess/infection, confusion, epidural hematomas, intracranial hypotension, and/or 6th nerve cranial palsies. AE for lumbar LESI/L-TFESI included; infections/abscess, epidural hematomas/subdural hematomas, intravascular injections, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks/dural tears (DT), and intracranial/postural hypotension. Notably, the vast majority of studies showed little to no short-term, and no long-term benefits for cervical or lumbar ESI/TFESI vs placebos (i.e. mostly consisting of normal saline alone, or saline plus local anesthesia).

Conclusion:

Epidural cervical and lumbar ESI or TFESI spinal injections demonstrated minimal to no short-term, and no long-term benefits for the treatment of cervical and/or lumbar pain/radiculopathy vs. placebos. Further, more AE were observed for cervical vs. lumbar epidural injections overall, with more AE usually seen with TFESI vs. ESI procedures.
Effectiveness of Negative Pressure Wound Therapy in Treating Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Dalmedico Michel , do Rocio Fedalto Angela , Martins Waleska , de Carvalho Chayane , Fernandes Beatriz , Ioshii Sergio
Published: September 2024

Background. Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) present devastating complications. Management of these wounds includes applying a vacuum device composed of a fenestrated tube embedded in a foam dressing and connected to a vacuum pump to collect the fluid in a vessel. Objective. To review the effectiveness of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) in treating DFUs and evaluate the clinical outcomes of full and partial wound healing. Methods. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was conducted after searching the PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases. Studies that described the use of NPWT in the management of DFUs were included and compared with different interventions for the proposed outcomes. Results. A total of 14 studies were included, 1 of which was later excluded during internal validation. Wound healing outcomes were analyzed in 2 studies, showing the superiority of total wound healing in the NPWT group. Ten studies compared the effect of different interventions on wound area reduction and 8 of these results were best with NPWT. Three studies showed clinical and statistical homogeneity (I² = 100%), making it possible to conduct a meta-analysis. Conclusion. Although the articles included in this systematic review have limitations regarding methodological quality and clinical heterogeneity, the results showed the potential benefit of NPWT in healing and wound area reduction. These outcomes are essential in the prevention of amputation in patients with DFU.
Comprehensive Control of the Greenhouse Microclimate Parameters
Authors: Доманов В.И. , Певчева Е.В.
Published: September 2024

Рассматривается возможность создания и эффективность применения интегрального комплексного датчика измерения температуры и влажности в теплице. Приводятся экспериментальные данные измерения температуры различными датчиками в теплице и графики, характеризующие работу системы управления этой координатой по показаниям штатных датчиков. Анализ приведенных данных показывает наличие разброса показаний, в том числе штатных датчиков. На основании этого делается вывод о целесообразности модернизации процесса измерения. Предлагается использовать зависимость коэффициента затухания звука от температуры и влажности для создания интегрального комплексного датчика. Обосновываются преимущества применения предлагаемого датчика. Приводится алгоритм нахождения измеряемых величин. Показана методика выбора частоты звуковых колебаний с учетом конкретных условий применения датчика. Положительный эффект достигается за счет повышения информативности полученных данных и возможности повышения точности за счет увеличения частоты измерений. Приводятся расчеты, показывающие энергетическую и экономическую эффективность при использовании предлагаемого интегрального датчика.

The possibility of creating and using an integrated complex sensor measuring the temperature and humidity in a greenhouse is considered. The experimental data of temperature measurement by various sensors in the greenhouse and graphs characterizing the operation of the control system of this coordinate according to the readings of the standard sensors are given. Analysis of the data shows the presence of scatter readings, including regular sensors. Based on this, it is concluded that it is expedient to modernize the measurement process. It is proposed to use the dependence of the attenuation coefficient of sound on temperature and humidity to create an integrated complex sensor. The advantages of using the proposed sensor are substantiated. An algorithm for finding the measured values is given. A technique for selecting the frequency of sound vibrations is shown, taking into account the specific conditions of the sensor application. The positive effect is achieved by increasing the information content of the data and the possibility of improving accuracy by increasing the frequency of measurements. The calculations showing the energy and economic efficiency when using the proposed integrated sensor are given.
Traffic Parametric Identification Method on Limited Observation Interval
Authors: Крюков О.В. , Щербаков В.С.
Published: September 2024

В статье рассмотрены вопросы идентификации трафика в мультисервисной сети связи (МСС). Выявлено наличие зависимости между типами источника информации в МСС и характеристиками трафика. Для описания сложной формы полученных полигонов частот предложена модель конечной смеси вероятностных распределений. Для описания взаимосвязи между типами источника и наблюдаемыми статистическими характеристиками трафика МСС использован аппарат скрытых Марковских моделей (СММ). Расширен аппарат скрытых Марковских моделей, введена СММ с несколькими наблюдениями.

The Article presents the issues of identifying traffic in a multiservice communication network. It is conclusion that relation between types off multiservice communication network sources and traffic characteristics is exist. Finite mixture distributions model described complex form of histogram is proposed. Hidden Markov model (HMM) is employed for interrelation between types off multiservice communication network sources and observed statistical traffic characteristics. Hidden Markov model has been expanded. Hidden Markov model with several of observations is proposed.
The Formation of the Archive Files when Working with PLC
Authors: Шишов О.В. , Житин И.В.
Published: September 2024

Определяются дополнительные возможности, появляющиеся при эксплуатации АСУ ТП, после введении в нее функции архивирования значений параметров процесса. Рассматриваются различные подходы организа-ции архивирования при построении систем управления на базе ПЛК. Анализ и сравнение подходов ведется на примерах различных библиотек, созданных компанией ОВЕН для выпускаемых ею сенсорных панельных контролеров СПК107. Примеры выполнены в пакете Codesys версии 3.5.

The additional opportunities that appear during the operation of the APCS, after the introduction of the function of archiving the values of the process parameters are determined. Various approaches of the organization of archiving at construction of control systems on the basis of PLC are considered. The analysis and comparison of approaches is carried out on the examples of various libraries created by OWEN for its manufactured touch panel controllers TPC107. The examples are executed in the Codesys version 3.5 package.
Development of an Automated System for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Software and Hardware Information Protection
Authors: Горлов А.П. , Рытов М.Ю. , Лысов Д.А.
Published: September 2024

В статье рассматривается процесс разработки автоматизированной системы оценки эффективности программно-аппаратных средств защиты информации путем создания автоматизированной системы. Основными функциями предлагаемой системы являются: проведение аудита информационной безопасности, формирование модели угроз ИБ, формирование рекомендаций по созданию программно-аппаратной системы защиты информации, формирование организационно-технической документации.

The article discusses the process of automating the evaluation of the effectiveness of software and hardware information protection by creating an automated system. The main functions of the proposed system are: conducting an information security audit, forming an IS threat model, making recommendations for creating a software and hardware system for protecting information, forming organizational and technical documentation.
Experience of the Organization of Neural Networks on Languages of IEC 61131-3 Standard for the Problems of Automation of Technological Processes
Authors: Даев Ж.А.
Published: September 2024

В статье описана организация искусственных нейронных сетей в программируемых логических контроллерах. Организация нейронных сетей в контроллерах позволяет разрабатывать автоматизированные системы управления, применяющие методы искусственного интеллекта для решения отдельных задач. В статье показано построение элементарного персептрона в виде функционального блока и его применение для организации нейронной сети в виде многослойного персептрона для моделирования некоторых функций расходомерных систем.

The article describes the organization of artificial neural networks in programmable logic controllers. The organization of neural networks in controllers allows the development of automated control systems that use artificial intelligence techniques to solve individual problems. The article shows the construction of an elementary perceptron in the form of a functional unit, and its application for the organization of a neural network in the form of a multilayer perceptron for modeling some functions of flow metering systems.
OPTIMAL PATH FINDING FOR AN UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE MOVING INSIDE A WOODLAND
Authors: Фетисов В.С. , Кабиров И.А. , Кильметов Р.А. , Неретина В.В.
Published: September 2024

В статье описано решение задачи поиска оптимального маршрута полета беспилотного летательного аппарата специального типа, предназначенного для перемещений внутри сильнопересеченных пространств, таких как лесные массивы. Предложена схема поиска, основанная на генетическом алгоритме, в котором формирование начальной популяции хромосом организовано особым образом с применением алгоритма BFS (Best-First Search). Предложенное решение по сравнению с обычным генетическим алгоритмом позволяет получать более высокую точность результата (степень приближения к наикратчайшему пути) и имеет приемлемое быстродействие.

The paper describes the solution of the optimal path finding task for an unmanned aerial vehicle of special type moving inside spaces with multiple obstacles, such as woodlands. The finding scheme based on genetic algorithm which includes the special procedure generating initial population of chromosomes. This procedure uses the Best-First Search algorithm. Comparatively to common genetic algorithm the proposed solution obtains higher degree of approximation of result to the shortest path and possesses acceptable processing speed.
JUSTIFICATION OF METHODS OF SELECTION OF PARAMETERS OF CUTTING ORE VEINS WITHIN THE CONSTRAINTS OF THE ECOLOGICAL IMPERATIVE
Authors: Галченко Ю.П.
Published: September 2024

Рассмотрены условия и особенности морфологии жил и масштаба отбойки, влияющие на возможности управления процессом отбойки руды с целью снижения объемов примешивания пустых пород. Впервые установлено, что при использовании взрывных скважин максимальная полнота выемки балансовых запасов криволинейных участков жил и минимальный объем твердых отходов достигается при строго определенном соотношении между глубиной скважин, радиусом кривизны отбиваемого участка жилы и величиной технологической прирезки вмещающих пород. Предложена расчетная методика управления параметрами отбойки в зависимости от геологических характеристик отбиваемого участка жилы. Методами факторного анализа было установлено, что предельная по условиям минимума потерь руды глубина взрывных скважин лимитируется, главным образом, радиусом кривизны отбиваемого участка жилы. Влияние других факторов менее заметно при малых значениях этого радиуса и становится определяющим с его увеличением.

The paper deals with the conditions and features of the morphology of veins and the scale of breaking, affecting the ability to control the process of breaking the ore to reduce the volume of mixing of waste rock. For the first time it is established that when using blast wells, the maximum completeness of the excavation of the balance reserves of curved sections of veins and the minimum amount of solid waste is achieved with a strictly defined ratio between the depth of wells, the radius of curvature of the beaten section of the core and the value of technological cutting of the host rocks. The proposed design method of control parameters for blasting depending on the geological characteristics of the beats of the plot strands. By methods of factor analysis it was found that the maximum depth of explosive wells under the conditions of the minimum loss of ore is limited, mainly, by the radius of curvature of the chipped section of the core. The influence of other factors is less noticeable at small values of this radius and becomes decisive with its increase.
PROCESS MONITORING OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT IN THE PRODUCTION OF PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARDS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT CORRELATION OF INDICATORS
Authors: Клячкин В.Н. , Подольская З.В. , Ширкунова К.С.
Published: September 2024

Методы статистического управления процессами в мониторинге очистки сточных вод при производстве печатных плат позволяют выявить нарушение стабильности и своевременно предотвратить выход контролируемых показателей за предельно допустимые значения. В условиях коррелированности показателей используются многомерные методы, основанные на алгоритме Хотеллинга, при этом необходимо также выявить показатель или группу показателей, ответственных за нарушение процесса.

Statistical process control methods in monitoring of wastewater treatment in the production of printed-circuit boards allow you to detect violation of stability and on time to prevent controlled output indicators for the maximum permissible value. In the context of correlativeness uses multidimensional indicators methods based on Hotelling’s algorithm, you must also identify the indicator or indicators group responsible for violation of process.
BIOINDICATION OF THE CONDITION OF TWO TYPES OF ROADSIDE PHYTOCENOSES: BIRCH AND PINE FORESTS
Authors: Горбунов Ю.Н. , Волкова О.Д. , Хоциалова Л.И.
Published: September 2024

Представлены результаты сравнительного изучения влияния выбросов автотранспорта на компоненты различных лесных фитоценозов, сопредельных одному и тому же участку шоссе (березовый и сосновый леса), т.е. при одинаковой нагрузке фитотоксичных загрязнителей атмосферного воздуха, а также анализ состояния одинаковых придорожных лесных фитоценозов (сосновые леса в Московской и Новгородской областях), произрастающих при различной интенсивности автотранспорта. Сосна более чувствительна к фитотоксичным выбросам автотранспорта, чем бер еза. При увеличении интенсивности транспорта заметное вредное влияние на эту лесообразующую породу прослеживается на большем расстоянии от автодороги. Показано, что степень дефолиации является одним из основных показателей оценки состояния лесов. Выявлены и другие диагностические признаки состояния изученных экосистем. К ним относятся число видов лишайников и, особенно, наличие наиболее чувствительных к загрязнению кустистых лишайников; число видов макромицетов, а также мощность мохового покрова эпифитных и наземных видов мхов.

The results of a comparative study of the impact of motor vehicle emissions on components of various forest phytocenoses adjacent to the same highway section (birch and pine forests), i.e. with the same load of phytotoxic air pollutants, as well as analysis of the condition of the same roadside forest phytocenoses (pine forests in the Moscow and Novgorod regions) growing at different intensity of motor transport are presented. Pine is more sensitive to phytotoxic vehicle emissions than birch. With an increase in the intensity of transport, a noticeable adverse effect on this forest forming species can be traced at a greater distance from the road. It is shown that the degree of defoliation is one of the main indicators for assessing the state of forests. Other diagnostic signs of the condition of the studied ecosystems were also identified. These include the number of lichen species and, especially, the presence of the most susceptible to pollution of bushy lichens; the number of species of macromycetes, as well as the thickness of moss cover of epiphytic and terrestrial mosses.
REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF WORKING ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Ахобадзе Г.Н. , Березин А.А. , Гусев В.И. , Ли Р.М.
Published: September 2024

На основе статистического анализа данных предлагается подход к исследованию работоспособности работающего умственным трудом в помещении при изменении климатических условий и освещенности. Обосновывается целесообразность использования многомерного метода регрессии, устанавливающего статистическую зависимость одной переменной от несколько независимых переменных. На базе табличных экспериментальных данных, показывающих изменение относительной работоспособности человека от изменения одновременно температуры, относительной влажности, скорости движения воздуха и освещенности, приводятся уравнения многомерной регрессии, полученные по программе STATISTICA. По критериям Фишера и Стьюдента оцениваются уровни значимости коэффициентов регрессии и вклад каждой переменной в определение работоспособности из четырех независимых переменных. Даются характеристики по оценке абсолютной и относительной погрешностей между экспериментальными и рассчитанными результатами. Предложена область применения результатов проведенной работы.

The paper discusses an approach to measure of knowledge worker’s performance on the change of the environmental conditions and quantity of illumination, which is based on the statistical data analysis. Applicability of the multivariable regression technique that determines a statistical relationship between one variable and several independent variables is explained. The multivariable regression equations obtained from the STATISTICA program are demonstrated using the table experimental data showing the change of worker’s performance following the simultaneous change in the temperature, relative humidity, air velocity, and quantity of illumination. Regression coefficient significance levels and contribution of each of four independent variables to the performance measurement are evaluated using the F- and t-tests. Characteristics on the estimation of absolute and ratio errors of experimental and calculated results are given. The application area is proposed.
A Lost Pearl of The Russian Musical Culture: The «C.M. Schroder» Piano Building Company in Its Later Years (1885–1918)
Authors: Сергеев М.В.
Published: September 2024

Инструменты фортепианной фирмы «C.M. Schröder» (1816–1918) в последние тридцать лет своего существования получили всемирное признание. В этот период владельцы фабрики внесли весомый, но неоцененный музыковедами вклад в развитие музыкальной жизни России. Поддерживая тесные связи с выдающимися представителями музыкального мира, фирма «C.M. Schröder» способствовала росту русской музыкальной культуры щедрыми денежными пожертвованиями, предоставлением роялей для выступлений и больших концертных турне, организацией концертов с привлечением европейских знаменитостей. Учрежденная в 1889 г. премия им. А.Г. Рубинштейна – рояль – более 20 лет присуждалась лучшему выпускнику-пианисту петербургской консерватории, одним из которых был С.С. Прокофьев. Приостановка производства в годы Первой мировой войны и национализация в 1918 г. привели к исчезновению и невосполнимой потере для страны крупнейшего производителя фортепиано и активного участника музыкальной жизни.

The "C.M. Schroder" piano company (1816–1918) saw its instruments gaining worldwide acclaim in the last thirty years of its existence. It was then when the factory’s owners greatly contributed to the advancement of music life in Russia, the contribution never to be appreciated by musicologists. Through its close ties with prominent figures in the world of music the "C.M. Schroder" company promoted the Russian music culture by making generous donations, making its grand pianos available for concerts and extensive concert tours, and arranging performances by European celebrities. The year 1889 saw an Anton Rubinstein Award instituted, with its grand piano prize being awarded for more than twenty years to the best pianist graduate from the Saint Petersburg Conservatory, with Sergei Prokofiev among the winners. The suspension of the factory's operation during World War I followed by the 1918 nationalization caused this largest piano builder and active participant in the music life to cease to exist, it becoming an irretrievable loss to the nation.
Choral solfeggio in modern domestic music
Authors: Красов В.В.
Published: September 2024

В статье рассматриваются жанрово-стилевые особенности хорового сольфеджио как концертного вокализа. В качестве музыкальных примеров приводятся сочинения Т. Корганова, Р. Щедрина, Ю. Фалика, М. Ройтершейна, А. Ларина. Делается вывод о том, что хоровое «сольфеджио» обладает признаками самостоятельного жанра с точки зрения образно-смыслового содержания (виртуозность пения), вербальной основы (названия музыкальных звуков), фактурообразующих и формообразующих принципов (обобщенная концертность), а также типа исполнения (концертный хоровой вокализ). Отдельное внимание уделяется хоровому сольфеджио как принципу хоровой фактуры для создания определенного художественного эффекта звучания, а также для выражения имплицитной информации, то есть дополнительного, скрытого смысла сюжетной основы. На основе анализа сочинений Р. Щедрина («Казнь Пугачева»), Ю. Евграфова (оратория «Осенний крик ястреба», концерты «Притчи in C», «Старик и море», «Детская литература»), С. Терентьева («Только “О”») репрезентуются фактурообразующие и формообразующие свойства хорового сольфеджио.

The article deals with genre-style features of choral solfeggio as a concert vocalise. As musical examples, the works of T. Korganov, R. Shchedrin, Y. Falik, M. Roytersheyn, A. Larin are cited. It is concluded that the choral solfeggio has the characteristics of an independent genre from the point of view of figurative and semantic content (virtuosity of singing), verbal basis (the name of musical sounds), factual and formulating principles (generalized concert), and the type of performance (concert choral vocalize). Special attention is paid to choral solfeggio as a principle of choral texture for creating a certain artistic effect of sounding, as well as for expressing implicit information, that is, an additional, hidden meaning of the plot basis. Based on the analysis of the works of R. Shchedrin (“The Execution of Pugachev”), Y. Evgrafov (oratorio “Autumn Hawk’s Cry”, concerts “Proverbs in C”, “The Old Man and the Sea”, “Children’s Literature”), S. Terentyev («Only “O”») the conclusion is made about the fact-forming and shaping properties of choral solfeggio.