bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analyzing multiday route choice behavior of commuters using GPS data
Authors: Tang Wenyun , Cheng Lin
Published: February 2016

In this study, accurate global position system and geographic information system data were employed to reveal multiday routes people used and to study multiday route choice behavior for the same origin–destination trips, from home to work. A new way of thinking about route choice modeling is provided in this study. Travelers are classified into three kinds based on the deviation between actual routes and the shortest travel time paths. Based on the classification, a two-stage route choice process is proposed, in which the first step is to classify the travelers and the second one is to model route choice behavior. After analyzing the characteristics of different types of travelers, an artificial neural network was adopted to classify travelers and model route choice behavior. An empirical study using global position systems data collected in Minneapolis–St Paul metropolitan area was carried out. It finds that most travelers follow the same route during commute trips on successive days. And different types of travelers have a significant difference in route choice property. The modeling results indicate that neural network framework can classify travelers and model route choice well.
Mechatronics design and experimental verification of an electric-vehicle-based hybrid thermal management system
Authors: Hung Yi-Hsuan , Lin Yue-Xuan , Wu Chien-Hsun , Chen Syuan-Yi
Published: February 2016

In this study, an electric-vehicle-based thermal management system was designed for dual energy sources. An experimental platform developed in a previous study was modified. Regarding the mechanical components, a heat exchanger with a radiator, proportional valve, coolant pipes, and coolant pump was appropriately integrated. Regarding the electric components, two heaters emulating waste heat were controlled using two programmable power supply machines. A rapid-prototyping controller with two temperature inputs and three outputs was designed. Rule-based control strategies were coded to maintain optimal temperatures for the emulated proton exchange membrane fuel cells and lithium batteries. To evaluate the heat power of dual energy sources, driving cycles, energy management control, and efficiency maps of energy sources were considered for deriving time-variant values. The main results are as follows: (a) an advanced mechatronics platform was constructed; (b) a driving cycle simulation was successfully conducted; and (c) coolant temperatures reached their optimal operating ranges when the proportional valve, radiator, and coolant pump were sequentially controlled. The benefits of this novel electric-vehicle-based thermal management system are (a) high-efficiency operation of energy sources, (b) low occupied volume integrated with energy sources, and (c) higher electric vehicle traveling mileage. This system will be integrated with real energy sources and a real electric vehicle in the future.
The Value of Values: The Amplified Role of Authenticity in an Increasingly Transparent World
Authors: Williams Alan
Published: February 2016

The topic of values is gaining more and more attention on a number of levels: organizational, personal, community, societal and political. At an organizational level, the values define what the organization stands for and how it is seen and experienced by customers and other stakeholders (employees, service partners, suppliers and communities). Values act as guiding principles—as a behavioural and decision-making compass. If these values are not embraced and displayed by everybody representing the organization, there is a likelihood that customers will, at best, be confused and, at worst, not trust what is being communicated through ‘official channels’. In today’s super connected, transparent world, the value of values is greater than ever before.
Comparison of the effectiveness and side effects of dofetilide and dronedarone in the treatment of atrial fibrillation during an indicated period in time with perceived equipoise
Authors: Akoum Nazem , Bader Feras , Ghanem Maureen , Stenehjem David , Burningham Zachary , Sauer Brian C.
Published: February 2016

Dronedarone is an anti-arrhythmic drug (AAD) originally approved for the treatment of atrial arrhythmias. The effectiveness and side effects of dronedarone have not been adequately compared to other commonly used AADs using observational data. We compared rates of recurrent atrial arrhythmias, incidence of side effects, and discontinuation rates of dronedarone to another class III AAD, dofetilide. We included patients from a single academic medical center between 2003 and 2010. Chart review was utilized to collect historical data of baseline clinical characteristics, side effects, arrhythmia recurrence, and drug discontinuation. Propensity score matching was used to balance baseline covariates. Cox-proportional hazard models were used to compare rates of recurrence between dronedarone and dofetilide. Patients were excluded if they failed to acutely achieve sinus rhythm, developed side effects leading to immediate discontinuation, or did not have sufficient follow-up. The final analysis included 127 dofetilide patients and 57 dronedarone patients. Fifty-nine patients (46.5%) experienced recurrence in the dofetilide group within the first year of treatment compared to 42 dronedarone patients (71.2%) (p<0.01). The adjusted hazard rate of recurrence was 2.42 times greater for dronedarone compared to dofetilide (95% CI: 1.44, 4.07; p-value<0.01). Side effects leading to drug discontinuation, including significant QT prolongation, developed more frequently with dofetilide (24.1% vs. 9.9%; p<0.01). Dronedarone is less effective than dofetilide in arrhythmia suppression. Our findings suggest dofetilide is associated with more serious side effects and a higher rate of discontinuation.
CONSTRUCTIONAL FEATURES OF RESONATORS OF MICROWAVE DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS IN OPERATION FLOW
Authors: Белова  , Belova Maryana
Published: February 2016

The article cites the classification of developed microwave resonators of superhigh frequency, devices, providing heat treatment of agricultural raw materials. The prototyping microwave systems were presented.
MODELING AND EVALUATION OF MILKING MACHINES OPERATION WITH PARALLEL-CONNECTING PRESSES
Authors: Фокин  , Fokin Aleksandr , Цой  , Tsoy Yuriy , Зиганшин  , Ziganshin Bulat , Гаязиев  , Gayaziev Ilnar
Published: February 2016

The milking machines with parallel-connecting presses according to a number of factors: the number of cows, milked per hour by one machine; the incremental cost per one cow milking, are far superior to milking machines of group presses. For this reason, they begin to be widely used on small farms of 100-300 heads. The article analyzes the process of their operation. An entry of cows with a random distribution of milking duration was taken to model machines. The basic ways of improving systems of this type were defined.
INFLUENCE OF FERTILIZERS ON FORAGE QUALITY OF GOAT’S RUE AGROCENOSES
Authors: Хисматуллин  , Khismatullin Mars , Вафин  , Vafin Niyaz , Вафина  , Vafina Liliya , Миннулин  , Minnulin Genadiy , Мухамадиев  , Mukhamadiev Rustem
Published: February 2016

An application of the calculated doses of mineral fertilizers, based on botanical composition of goat’s rue herbage, increases a gross yield of crude protein, crude fat and feed units to 48-57% in comparison with the control samples.
Limits of Proofs in Criminal Process (Research Based on Rational Formalism)
Authors: Zotov Denis
Published: February 2016

The attitude to the notion of “the proving limits” in the criminal process science is controversial: starting from equation of it to “the subject of proving” and finishing with the attempts to identify it as a separate notion through such categories as limits, extent, depth, broadness, level, fullness, width, etc. Herewith the significant role in determination of the proving limits is highly desirable for the development of both the theory of process and the practical proving is recognised. The author analyses the existing theoretical views on the essential matter and proves limits and substantiates of the potential study of these views that would be based on principals of rational formalism. The author claims, that rational formalism as a method of the legal theory of proving does not contradict the contemporary concept of free judicial conviction. As the result of the study, the author offers his own notion of “proving limits” as a number of sources of prove which is required for judgment rational. Wherein the quantitative component of the notion “proving limits” can be expressed in the following ways: by the available sources provided by law; in a possible reference to specific source in the law (the obligatory proving limits); as one of the obligatory legally defined sourses.
The lattice of Belnapian modal logics: Special extensions and counterparts
Authors: Odintsov Sergei P. , Speranski Stanislav O.
Published: February 2016

Let K be the least normal modal logic and BK its Belnapian version, which enriches K with ‘strong negation’. We carry out a systematic study of the lattice of logics containing BK based on:• introducing the classes (or rather sublattices) of so-called explosive, complete and classical Belnapian modal logics;• assigning to every normal modal logic three special conservative extensions in these classes;• associating with every Belnapian modal logic its explosive, complete and classical counterparts.We investigate the relationships between special extensions and counterparts, provide certain handy characterisations and suggest a useful decomposition of the lattice of logics containing BK.
The Validity of the Supports Intensity Scale for Adults With Motor Disability
Authors: Arnkelsson Gudmundur , Sigurdsson Tryggvi
Published: February 2016

We argue that the construct of support needs as used in the field of intellectual disability (ID) offers applicability for persons with motor disabilities. To explore the validity of the Supports Intensity Scale (SIS) in groups other than ID, we studied the criterion validity for persons with motor disability in a population sample. The SIS showed excellent criterion validity, explaining 62–69% of the variance depending on different combinations of variables suggested by the literature. A distinctive pattern of support needs specific to motor disability was evident, supporting the sensitivity of the SIS for this population. In conclusion, the SIS is found to be an appropriate and valid instrument for assessing support needs in persons with motor disabilities.
The immunohistochemical and radiological features of nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas
Authors: Lipatenkova Anna Konstantinovna , Dzeranova Larisa Konstantinovna , Pigarova Ekaterina Aleksandrovna , Dalantaeva Nadezhda Sergeevna , Astaf'eva Ljudmila Igorevna , Shishkina Liudmila Valentinovna , Ektova Anastasia Pavlovna
Published: February 2016

Pituitary adenomas without clinically active hypersecretion are summarized under the term nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs). Since there are no specific serum markers, the differential diagnosis and treatment imply special difficulties.Aim.To investigate the immunohistochemical and radiological features of NFPAs and assess the granins — chromogranin A (CgA), secretogranin II (SgII), secretoneurin (Sn) as immunohistochemical markers of NFPAs.Matherial and methods.50 pituitary adenomas excised surgically were immunostained to reveal pituitary hormones, ki-67, CgА. SgII, Sn. All patients underwent MRI, invasive growth was estimated due to J.Hardy classification (1973).Results.24 (51,1%) were gonadotropic tumors, 12 (25,5%) — null cell adenomas. Immunopositivity for ACTH was determined in 6 cases (12,7%), for GH in 5 (10,6%) cases, for PRL in 4 (8,5%). The median level of ki-67 was 2% (min. — 0.5%, max. — 7%). The CgA, SgII, Sn immunopositivity was found in 83, 93,6, 85,1% respectively, being more expressed in gonadotropinomas and null cell adenomas. Invasive growth was detected in 28 (44%) cases, among the invasive adenomas 22 tumors were giant. CgA expression is adverse prognostic factor, area under the curve (AUC) with 0,705. We did not find any correlation between ACTH-, STH-, CgII- and Sn- immunopositivity, ki-67 and invasive growth.Conclusions.Our work shows that a majority of NFPAs are truly secreting adenomas with significant numbers comprising potentially hazardous cortico- and somatotropinomas. CgA, SgII and Sn have a high expression in most of the NFPAs.
Dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) exposed rats: Vernonia amygdalina pre-treatment enhances immunity, hepatic and renal function
Authors: Usunobun Usunomena , Okolie Ngozi
Published: February 2016

Background: The occurrence of dietary and environmental chemicals such as dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) in drinks and foods including fish and meat as well as fresh supermarket products is well established. This study evaluated protective effect of ethanolic leaf extract of Vernonia amygdalina (VAE) on liver synthetic molecules, kidney function and hematological parameters in acute dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-induced hepatic toxicity in wistar male rats.

Methods: Experimental rats divided into four groups of six rats each were used. The first group was untreated and served as control. The second group was orally administered VAE (400 mg/kg) only for seven days. The third group was pre-treated with VAE (400mg/kg) for 7 days and administered 20mg/kg DMN 24hrs after VAE pre-treatment. Rats of the fourth group were given 20mg/kg DMN alone same time with that of group 3. All rats were sacrificed 48hrs after DMN administration.

Results: In rats administered 20mg/kg DMN, VAE pre-treatment at 400 mg/kg significantly increased total protein, albumin,White blood cell (WBC), Red blood cell (RBC), Hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV) and Platelets while it significantly decreased total bilirubin, urea and creatinine compared to DMN-alone administered rats.

Conclusion: This study suggest that VAE pre-treatment exert its ameliorative effect against DMN-induced hematological and biochemical alterations possibly by preventing the decline of antioxidant defense system and could be prescribed as adjunct to dietary therapy.
Human urinary exosomes in bladder cancer patients: properties, concentrations and possible clinical application
Authors: Riches Andrew , Powis Simon , Mullen Peter , Harrison David , Hacker Christian , Lucocq John , Bowness James , Chapman Alex , Cameron Ruth , McLornan Liza , J. Chinn David , Leung Steve
Published: February 2016

OBJECTIVE: High grade bladder cancer is extremely aggressive. Early detection is thus an important challenge. Development of non-invasive diagnostic tools particularly using urine samples could be of importance in the diagnosis and surveillance of these patients. Exosomes are small vesicles present in the urine and have the potential to be used as biomarkers of cancer. Thus studies of the properties and concentrations of these particles in bladder cancer patients are of importance.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The concentration of exosomes present in urine was determined by nanoparticle tracking analysis using a Nanosight LM10 unit. Clinical urine samples were routinely collected and fixed using Preservcyt. The morphology of exosomes was studied in electron micrographs and characteristic exosome markers using Western blots.
RESULTS: The exosome concentration of fixed samples stored at room temperature was constant for 48 hours and the same as fresh samples. Exosomes derived from patients presenting for a transurethral resection of their bladder tumor exhibited the exosome markers ALIX and TSG101 and also the classic cup shaped appearance in electron micrographs. The concentration of exosomes in patients presenting for transurethral resection of a bladder tumor was significantly greater than in patients presenting for check cystoscopy with no recurrence (median 77.2 compared with 38.8 × 108, P<0.001). A ROC analysis (area under the curve 77.4%) suggested that a suitable cut-off concentration of 85 × 108 is associated with a sensitivity of 43% and specificity of 91% for diagnosing bladder cancer.
CONCLUSIONS: Thus the concentration and properties of exosomes can be conveniently studied in fixed urine samples derived from bladder cancer patients. The characteristic properties of exosomes were preserved and increased numbers were found in patients presenting for transurethral resection of their tumor. With an appropriate cut-off value, urinary exosome concentrations may have utility in excluding a cancer recurrence when monitoring patients successfully treated for bladder cancer.
Analyzing types of classroom interaction in CLIL
Authors: Papaja Katarzyna
Published: February 2016

The following article presents a study on interaction in a Content and Language Integrated Learning classroom. Starting with a brief description of van Lier’s interaction framework,and a general overview of the qualitative studies, the article focuses particularly on the description and analysis of various types of interaction as well as their functions observed in a CLIL classroom
Intertextual practices in academic writing by Chinese ESL students
Authors: Wang Wei
Published: February 2016

In light of the increase of international graduate students, the dynamics of higher education in English speaking countries have changed dramatically coupled with an obvious gap between native English speaking (NES) and English as second language (ESL) graduate students in terms of their academic literacy. As a key component of academic literacy, academic writing consists of noticeable differences between these two cohorts of students. Against the backdrop of ongoing attention to the process and practice of academic writing, this study examines Chinese ESL graduate students’ intertextual practices in composing their academic writing, especially, when the students newly arrived in an English speaking world. Intertextual practice in this study is concerned about not only the transgressive intertextual practice or plagiarism behaviours, but how Chinese ESL students draw on external sources in developing their own writing. This study shows that the most salient feature in the intertextual practice of the participants is the use of indirect quotes rather than syntheses in their own words, and most of the external sources are used to introduce new beliefs, ideas, or issues to their writing. In addition, this study explores possible factors that mediate these practices in consideration of the linguistic and sociocultural backgrounds of the Chinese ESL students.
Effect of L2 exposure: From a perspective of discourse markers
Authors: Liu Binmei
Published: February 2016

Discourse markers (DMs) are of particular interest in the field of second language acquisition because a speaker’s use of L2 DMs may be good indicators for measuring the effect of exposure to the target language community on his/her L2 pragmatic competence. Previous studies lack detailed comparisons of the use of DMs in terms of frequency, variety, and function by a higher exposure group and a lower exposure group of L2 users. Previous studies lack native English speakers as baseline data as well. The current study investigates the effect of English exposure on the use of English DMs by Chinese speakers of English studying in the U.S. Data for the study were gathered using individual sociolinguistic interviews with five native English speakers and ten Chinese speakers of English at the University of Florida. The L2 exposure amount was assessed according to their total hours of natural/social English exposure since beginning to study English. Results showed that the higher exposure group used DMs at a higher rate and a wider variety than the lower exposure group. The L2 speakers acquired six native-like markers (and, like, just, y’know, sort of/kind of, and I mean) at different rates. And was the easiest marker to acquire by both exposure groups. Like and y’know showed clear differences in terms of frequency and function between the two exposure groups.
The Role and Place of the Preamble in Lithuanian Constitutional Regulation
Authors: Darijus Beinoravičius , Gediminas Mesonis , Milda Vainiutė
Published: February 2016

While analysing constitutions of various countries in the legal literature, typically not only the form and the content but also the structure of the constitution is discussed. The structure of the constitution is an internal organisational order of the norms of the constitution. Although every state’s constitution has a unique structure, certain regularities can be discerned. The analysis of the structure of various constitutions leads to the conclusion that normally each constitution consists of the following standard structural parts: the preamble, the main part, the final, transitional or additional provisions, and in some constitutions there can also be annexes.

The article confirms that most constitutions begin with an introductory part, the preamble. Only the constitutions of several countries (e.g. Norway, the Netherlands, Belgium, Italy, Greece) contain no preamble. The preamble reflects the historical context and the circumstances of the adoption of a constitution, names the goals of the constitutional regulation, fortifies the values to be attained, declares the key political principles or even the fundamental human rights and freedoms, etc. Often the preamble reveals the methods of adoption of a constitution. The preamble is an important structural part of the constitution that helps to understand the established constitutional regulation. The principles enshrined in it can be considered a significant argument for the constitutional justice institutions while solving the case of whether the law or any other legal act in question contradicts the constitution. The preamble is not only a political, ideological, and/or philosophical category; it undoubtedly also carries a legal burden, therefore it is considered to have legal validity. Preambles are characterized as having a so-called higher style; they are usually formulated not in compliance with the requirements of legal technique.
Strategy and Grand Strategy for the Future of Asia
Authors: Katagiri Nori
Published: February 2016

Given several possible strategic scenarios for East Asia, I argue that the region is likely to be divided by China’s growing power and the American presence along with its allies. The bipolar system in Asia will be relatively stable, however, because of conventional military balance, nuclear deterrence, and economic interdependence.
The Burma Roads
Authors: Yhome K.
Published: February 2016

Even as economic benefits are emphasized in India’s connectivity efforts with its neighbors, strategic interests also drive Delhi’s connectivity interests. How promptly Delhi addresses the structural, security, and geostrategic factors that pose major challenges to India’s regional connectivity goals will determine its future role in the region.
Prevalence and phenotypic correlations of EIF1AX mutations in thyroid nodules
Authors: Karunamurthy Arivarasan , Panebianco Federica , Hsiao Susan J , Vorhauer Jennie , Nikiforova Marina N , Chiosea Simion , Nikiforov Yuri E
Published: February 2016

TheEIF1AXgene mutations have been recently found in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC). The prevalence of these mutations in other types of thyroid cancers and benign nodules is unknown. In this study, we analyzed the occurrence ofEIF1AXmutations in exons 2, 5, and 6 of the gene in a series of 266 thyroid tumors and hyperplastic nodules by either Sanger or next-generation sequencing (ThyroSeq v.2). In addition, 647 thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA) samples with indeterminate cytology were analyzed. Using surgically removed samples,EIF1AXmutations were detected in 3/86 (2.3%) PTC, 1/4 (25%) ATC, 0/53 follicular carcinomas, 0/12 medullary carcinomas, 2/27 (7.4%) follicular adenomas, and 1/80 (1.3%) hyperplastic nodules. Among five mutation-positive FNA samples with surgical follow-up, one nodule was PTC and others were benign follicular adenomas or hyperplastic nodules. Overall, among 33 mutations identified, A113_splice mutation at the intron 5/exon 6 splice site ofEIF1AXwas the most common. All four carcinomas harbored A113_splice mutation and three of them had one or more coexisting mutations, typicallyRAS. All PTC carryingEIF1AXmutations were encapsulated follicular variants. In summary, this study shows thatEIF1AXmutations occur not only in thyroid carcinomas, but also in benign nodules. The most common mutation hotspot is the A113_splice, followed by a cluster of mutations in exon 2. When found in thyroid FNA samples,EIF1AXmutations confer ~20% risk of cancer; the risk is likely to be higher in nodules carrying a A113_splice mutation and whenEIF1AXcoexists withRASmutations.
Anthropometric measurements and markers of renal function in adults and older adults
Authors: AMADOR Victoria Araujo Ganzaroli , FREITAS Ana Tereza Vaz de Sousa , NAGHETTINI Alessandra Vitorino , PEREIRA Edna Regina Silva , PEIXOTO Maria do Rosário Gondim
Published: February 2016

Objective: To determine whether anthropometric indicators are associated with markers of renal function in adults and older adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 279 adults and older adults attending eight primary healthcare units in eastern Goiânia, Góias. Sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical data were collected using a standard questionnaire. Body mass index was categorized as overweight (≥25 kg/m²) or non-overweight. Waist circumference was classified as normal or high; chronic kidney disease was defined as a glomerular filtration rate below 60 mL/minutes/1.73 m²; micro/macroalbuminuria was defined as an albumin/creatinine ratio above 30 mg/g. The association between anthropometric indicators and renal function markers was assessed by multiple linear regression analysis. Results: Chronic kidney disease was present in 8.9% and micro/macroalbuminuria in 34.8% of the sample. The prevalence of overweight was 57.0%. Waist circumference and body mass index were positively associated with glomerular filtration rate, characterized as glomerular hyperfiltration. Microalbuminuria was positively associated with body mass index in women. Conclusion: The prevalences of chronic kidney disease and overweight were high in the study population. Overweight was positively associated with glomerular filtration rate.
Home Visitors' Perceptions of Structural Constraints, Family Resilience, and Adverse Childhood Experiences
Authors: Davis Sarah M. , Kane Emily W.
Published: February 2016

Scholars and practitioners interested in children, families, and health have documented that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) predict a range of adult outcomes. While ACEs research and practice emphasize community- and social-level factors, we explore whether daily practice using the ACEs framework within the home visitation model directs attention away from those broader social factors. Through community-based research partnered with a local agency, we document that home visitors using the ACEs framework combine daily practice at the individual and household level with strong attention to the broader social context the literature emphasizes. But we also document room for further reflective practice to reinforce that broader context, and the role that research partnerships between higher education and local organizations can play in that practice.
Octreotide LAR Dosage and Survival Among Elderly Patients With Distant-Stage Neuroendocrine Tumors
Authors: Shen Chan , Xu Ying , Dasari Arvind , Shih Ya-Chen Tina , Yao James C.
Published: February 2016

Introduction.

Octreotide long-acting repeatable (LAR) is approved for the management of carcinoid syndromes and may improve progression-free survival of patients with well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). It is unknown whether the dosage of octreotide LAR affects survival. This paper evaluates the association between initial octreotide LAR dosage and overall survival of elderly patients with NETs.

Patients and Methods.

Patients with distant-stage NET diagnosed between January 1999 and December 2009 who received octreotide LAR treatment within 12 months of diagnosis were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare database. Those under age 65 years, enrolled in health maintenance organizations, or without continuous enrollment in Medicare Parts A and B were excluded. We compared the 5-year survival of patients with NET based on dose per 28 days averaged over the initial 3 months: low (≤20 mg); medium (21–30 mg); high (>30 mg). Kaplan-Meier estimations and Cox proportional hazard modeling were used to examine the association between octreotide LAR dose and survival.

Results.

Among 222 patients with distant-stage NET who received octreotide LAR treatment, 81 (36%) received a low dosage, 82 (37%) received a medium dosage, and only 59 (27%) received a high dosage. Multivariate analysis showed that compared with a medium octreotide LAR dose, a low dosage was associated with significantly worse survival (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.00; p = .001), whereas a high initial dosage (HR: 1.09; p = .719) did not show additional survival benefits over that observed with a medium dosage.

Conclusion.

This population-based study suggests potential survival benefits for octreotide LAR provided within 12 months of diagnosis at a dosage of 21–30 mg among elderly patients with distant-stage NET.
A Voyage of Discovery: Identifying Barriers to EBLIP in the Caribbean
Authors: Booth Andrew , Eldredge Jonathan D
Published: February 2016

No abstract.
Navigating User Feedback Channels to Chart an Evidence Based Course for Library Redesign
Authors: Halling Thomas Derek , Carrigan Esther
Published: February 2016

Abstract

Objectives – The objective of this project was to redesign library spaces based on the user feedback obtained from a broad complement of feedback channels. The over-arching goal of this project was to develop an evidence based approach to the redesign of library spaces.

Methods – Data from user-initiated and library-initiated feedback channels were collected and analyzed to determine priorities for library space changes. Online/onsite suggestions, a library onsite census survey, the LibQUAL+® survey, a whiteboard, ballot voting, and text voting were all used to gather input. A student advisory group was used as a sounding board for planned space changes before a final decision was made.

Results – Data produced by different feedback channels varied both in the number of suggestions generated as well as the changes requested. Composite data from all feedback channels resulted in a total of 687 suggestions identifying 17 different types of space changes. An onsite whiteboard, the LibQUAL+® survey, and library census proved the most prolific in producing suggestions.

Conclusion – Priorities for space changes were best determined through a composite of suggestions received from all feedback channels. The number of suggestions and requests received that were initiated by users was so small that it had to be supplemented with library-initiated feedback requests. The use of multiple feedback channels enhanced the number, variety, and scope of the suggestions that were received. Similar requests received through multiple feedback channels emphasized their importance to users. Focused follow-up feedback channels were effective in clarifying user suggestions for specific changes.
Applicability: What Is It? How Do You Find It?
Authors: Wilson Virginia
Published: February 2016

No abstract.
Reading Faculty’s Research Publications Helps to Determine Which Professors to Target for Data Services
Authors: Badia Giovanna
Published: February 2016

Objective – The research project examined university faculty’s publications in order to find professors with previous data experiences. The professors could then be approached with an offer of the library’s data services.

Design – Bibliographic study.

Setting – Department of Crop Sciences in the College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

Subjects – A total of 62 assistant, associate, and full professors.

Methods – The author searched Web of Science and faculty web pages to find each of the subjects’ two most recent research or review articles. Altogether, 124 articles were read to check whether data sources were used and shared.

Data sources were defined as sources other than traditional citations to literature for information or ideas, such as data repositories, supplementary files, and weather stations. Data sharing was defined as publicly sharing data beyond that published in the journal article, such as providing supplementary files with the article or submitting data sets to a disciplinary repository (p. 205).

Main Results – Thirty of the 124 articles, which were written by 20 different professors, referred to additional data that was made openly accessible. The analysis of the articles uncovered a variety of data experiences, such as faculty who utilized repository data, published supplementary files, submitted their own data to repositories, or posted data on their university’s website. These 20 faculty members were contacted and asked for a meeting “to discuss their data sharing thoughts and experiences and to ask whether they [saw] a role for the library in facilitating data sharing” (p. 206). The author received a positive response from seven of the faculty members and had a successful meeting with each of them.

Conclusion – A bibliographic study can be employed to select which professors to target for data services. While this method is time-consuming, it allows librarians to gather rich data about faculty research that will help them to create customized, relevant messages to professors about the library’s data services. It also allows them to become more knowledgeable about data practices and resources in a particular discipline.
Enrollment in a Library Credit Course is Positively Related to the College Graduation Rates of Full Time Students
Authors: Sharun Sara
Published: February 2016

A Review of:

Cook, J.M. (2014). A Library credit course and student success rates: A longitudinal study. College & Research Libraries 75(3), 272-283. doi:10.5860/crl12-424

Abstract

Objective – To determine the impact of a credit-bearing information literacy skills course on student success rates.

Design – Observational Study.

Setting – An academic library at a mid-sized university in Georgia, United States of America.

Subjects – Nine cohorts of students (n=15,012) who entered the institution for the first time, on a full-time basis, each year between 1999 and 2007.

Methods – Aggregate data on each student cohort was gathered from the Department of Institutional Research and Planning. Data included high school ACT and SAT scores, high school graduating GPAs, college graduating GPAs, and college graduation dates. The nine cohorts were each divided into two groups: students who took a credit library course (LIBR 1101) at some point during their student career, and students who did not. For each cohort, a Pearson Chi-Square test was used to determine statistical correlation between library course enrollment and four-, five-, and six-year graduation rates. Z-tests were used to determine a difference in the average graduation GPA of students who did and did not take the course, as well as a difference in the average high school graduation GPA, ACT, and SAT scores of the two groups in each cohort.

Main Results – Graduation rates were positively associated with students who took the library course at some point during their studies. Students who took the library course graduated at higher rates than students who did not: 56% of those students who took the library course graduated within the study’s time frame, compared to 30% of those who did not take the course. On average, there was no significant difference in college graduation GPAs between students who did and did not take LIBR 1101. During the time period of the study, more students who took the course graduated than those who did not, but those students who took the course did not have higher graduating GPAs.

Conclusion – Students who enrolled in LIBR 1101 at some point in their studies graduated at a significantly higher rate than students who did not.
Learning From Others About Research Evidence
Authors: Brettle Alison
Published: February 2016

No abstract.
Improvements to Evidence Summaries: An Evidence Based Approach
Authors: Kloda Lorie
Published: February 2016

No abstract.
Is Now the Time for an International Association of EBLIP?
Authors: Booth Andrew
Published: February 2016

*
Interactions: A Study of Office Reference Statistics
Authors: Lederer Naomi , Feldmann Louise Mort
Published: February 2016

Objective – The purpose of this study was to analyze the data from a reference statistics-gathering mechanism at Colorado State University (CSU) Libraries. It aimed primarily to better understand patron behaviours, particularly in an academic library with no reference desk.

Methods – The researchers examined data from 2007 to 2010 of College Liaison Librarians’ consultations with patrons. Data were analyzed by various criteria, including patron type, contact method, and time spent with the patron. The information was examined in the aggregate, meaning all librarians combined, and then specifically from the Liberal Arts and Business subject areas.

Results – The researchers found that the number of librarian reference consultations is substantial. Referrals to librarians from CSU’s Morgan Library’s one public service desk have declined over time. The researchers also found that graduate students are the primary patrons and email is the preferred contact method overall.

Conclusion – The researchers found that interactions with patrons in librarians’ offices – either in person or virtually – remain substantial even without a traditional reference desk. The data suggest that librarians’ efforts at marketing themselves to departments, colleges, and patrons have been successful. This study will be of value to reference, subject specialist, and public service librarians, and library administrators as they consider ways to quantify their work, not only for administrative purposes, but in order to follow trends and provide services and staffing accordingly.
Evidence Based Medicine Teaching in Undergraduate Medical Education: A Literature Review
Authors: Mi Misa
Published: February 2016

Objectives – To determine the year when evidence based medicine (EBM) was introduced and the extent to which medical students were exposed to EBM in undergraduate medical education and to investigate how EBM interventions were designed, developed, implemented, and evaluated in the medical curriculum.

Methods – A qualitative review of the literature on EBM interventions was conducted to synthesize results of studies published from January 1997 to December 2011. A comprehensive search was performed on PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, PsycINFO, and ERIC. Articles were selected if the studies involved some form of quantitative and qualitative research design. Articles were excluded if they studied EBM interventions in medical schools outside the United States or if they examined EBM interventions for allied health profession education or at the levels of graduate medical education and continuing medical education. Thirteen studies which met the selection criteria were identified and reviewed. Information was abstracted including study design, year and setting of EBM intervention, instructional method, instruction delivery format, outcome measured, and evaluation method.

Results – EBM was introduced to preclinical years in three studies, integrated into clinical clerkship rotations in primary care settings in eight studies, and spanned preclinical and clinical curricula in two studies. The duration of EBM interventions differed, ranging from a workshop of three student contact hours to a curriculum of 30 student contact hours. Five studies incorporated interactive and clinically integrated teaching and learning activities to support student learning. Diverse research designs, EBM interventions, and evaluation methods resulted in heterogeneity in results across the 13 studies.

Conclusions – The review reveals wide variations in duration of EBM interventions, instructional methods, delivery formats for EBM instruction, implementation of an EBM intervention, outcomes measured, and evaluation methods, all of which remain relevant issues for further research. It is important for medical educators and health sciences librarians to attend to these issues in designing and delivering a successful EBM intervention in the undergraduate medical curriculum.
Evidence Based Cataloguing: Moving Beyond the Rules
Authors: Carter Kathy
Published: February 2016

No abstract.
Evidence Based Library and Information Practice Network
Authors: Koufogiannakis Denise
Published: February 2016

No abstract.
Identifying Customer Expectations is Key to Evidence Based Service Delivery
Authors: McKnight Susan , Booth Andrew
Published: February 2016

The authors look at the specific links between Evidence Based Library and Information Practice and the Customer Value Discovery methodology.
Undergraduate Students Still Experience Difficulty Interpreting Library of Congress Call Numbers
Authors: Dalton Michelle
Published: February 2016

Objective – To explore how undergraduate students interpret Library of Congress call numbers when trying to locate books.

Design – Multiple case study.

Setting – A public, residential university in Illinois, United States of America.

Subjects – 11 undergraduate students (10 upper division, 1 freshman; no transfer students included).

Methods – A qualitative approach was adopted, with a multiple case study design used to facilitate the collection of data from several sources. Students were recruited for the study via convenience and snowball sampling. Participants who volunteered were interviewed and requested to complete a task that required them to organize eight call numbers written on index cards in the correct order. Interviewees were also asked about any instruction they had received on interpreting call numbers, and their experiences locating materials in other libraries and bookstores. Responses were then coded using colours to identify common themes.

Main Results – The study reported that there was little correlation between the students’ own estimation of their ability to locate materials and their actual performance in the index card test. Five students who reported that they could find materials 75-100% of the time performed poorly in the test. Of the 11 participants, only 4 ordered the cards correctly, and in 1 such case this was by fortune rather than correct reasoning. Of these, three self-reported a high level of confidence in their ability to locate material, whilst one reported that he could only find the material he was looking for approximately half of the time. Of the seven students who incorrectly ordered the cards, no two students placed their cards in the same order, indicative that there is no clear pattern in how students misinterpret the numbers. During the interview process, five students stated that they experienced more difficulty locating books in bookstores compared with the library.

Conclusion – Based on the findings of the study, the authors recommend several interventions which could help students to locate material within the library, namely through improved signage in shelving areas including the listing of subjects and colour-coding, as well as integrating training on understanding call numbers into subject-based instruction. The possibility of using online directional aids such as QR codes and electronic floor maps is also suggested as a strategy to help orient students.
Career Advancement and Writing about Women Librarians: A Literature Review
Authors: DeLong Kathleen
Published: February 2016

Objective – This review of the literature provides a framework for understanding the professional experiences of women library directors in academic libraries. It focuses upon career advancement and writing about women librarians in the United States and Canada from the 1930s to 2012.

Methods – Databases from the disciplines of library science and business and management, including the larger social sciences, were searched for references to sources that dealt with career advancement and progression of women, specifically women librarians, from the 1930s to 2012. Similarly, these databases were also searched for sources pertaining to writing about women, especially women in libraries. Sources were also culled from major bibliographies on women in libraries. Articles and monographs were selected for inclusion in the review if they reported research findings related to these broad topics. In some cases sources from the professional literature were included if they offered a unique perspective on lived experience.

Results – Evidence shows the number of women in senior leadership roles has increased over the years. From the 1930s to the 1950s it was the natural order for men to be heads of academic libraries, particularly major research libraries. Research studies of the decades from the 1960s to the 1980s provide evidence of a shift from the assumption that various personal and professional characteristics could be identified to account for differences in the number of men and of women recruited into senior positions in academic libraries. Despite this, women remained vastly under-represented in director positions in academic libraries. From the 1990s to the present, the evidence shows the number of women in senior leadership roles increased, despite factors such as mobility, career interruptions, or lack of advanced degrees that were traditionally identified as limitations to career growth. While women have gained in terms of the number of senior positions in academic libraries in the U.S. and Canada they are still not proportionately represented. The results section concludes with a review of sources that pertain to writing about women library leaders. This emphasizes that the professional lives of women librarians are largely unknown, as is the importance of their contribution to the development of libraries and librarianship. These sources were included to highlight the critical importance, but lack of material that speaks to writing about women and their professional lives and experiences.

Conclusions – Research into the lives of women library leaders is important because women traditionally represent 75-80% of library professionals, yet the story of their career advancement and leadership within librarianship is bounded by characteristics – real or perceived – that affect their career progression. Future research focusing on collecting current data about career advancement of women in Canadian academic libraries as well as the contributions of women to development of libraries is suggested.