bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Testing of sand from recreational areas and sandpits in Warsaw, for presence of Ascaris Lumbricoides and Toxocara spp.
Authors: Matras A , Stasiak A , Chmielewski T , Kaczmarek A
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION. Improper maintenance of the cleanliness of sand in sandboxes can be a source of human pathogenic helminths, including Toxocara spp., Enterobius vermicularis, Ascaris lumbricoides, leading to parasitic infections.
AIM OF THE STUDY. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the sanitary condition of sandboxes in playgrounds and recreational areas in Warsaw for the presence of Human roundworm (Ascaris lumbricoides) and Toxocara spp. in sand.
MATERIAL AND METHODS. 450 sand samples from 90 sandboxes in the city of Warsaw were analyzed. The flotation method was used for the study, and the material was evaluated using a light microscope.
RESULTS. The conducted examinations did not reveal the presence of parasite eggs, indicating that hygiene rules were observed and appropriate recommendations were followed.
CONCLUSIONS. The analyzed sand samples are free of the tested parasites.

STRESZCZENIE
WSTĘP. Niewłaściwe utrzymywanie stanu czystości piasku w piaskownicach może być źródłem występowania helmintów chorobotwórczych dla ludzi m.in. Toxocara spp., Enterobius vermicularis, Ascaris lumbricoides,
które prowadzą do zakażeń pasożytniczych.
CEL PRACY. Celem pracy była ocena stanu sanitarnego piaskownic na placach zabawach i terenach rekreacyjnych w Warszawie pod względem obecności glisty ludzkiej (Ascaris lumbricoides) oraz Toxocara spp.
w piasku.
MATERIAŁ I METODY. Analizie poddano 450 próbek piasku z 90 piaskownic na terenie miasta Warszawy. Do badań wykorzystano metodę flotacji, a materiał oceniano z wykorzystaniem mikroskopu świetlnego.
WYNIKI. Przeprowadzone badania nie wykazały obecności jaj pasożytów, co wskazuje na zachowanie zasad higieny i przestrzeganie odpowiednich zaleceń.
WNIOSKI. Poddane analizie próbki piasku są wolne od badanych pasożytów.
Analysis of Hybrid System in the Photovoltaic and Photothermal Technology
Authors: Sutanto Bayu , Munawwaroh Dita Anies , Bono Bono , Herlambang Yusuf Dewantoro , Sumarno F Gatot , Alfauzi Abdul Syukur
Published: June 2023

The utilisation and optimisation of solar energy have a vital role in reducing the global need for conventional fossil energy. Moreover, it is also clean and eco-environmentally energy resources. The photovoltaic-thermal (PV-T) hybrid system that combines photovoltaic and photothermal technology is an ideal solution for creating high-efficiency energy conversion devices. In addition, this system can be constructed to be small and compact with a higher economic value than the conventional technology from the previous solar energy harvesters. This paper will review the PV-T hybrid system and provide the thermodynamic analysis and the feasibility study.
Evaluation of Influence of Surface Roughness Orientation in CFRP Lap Joints using AE and DIC
Authors: Mane Laxmikant S. , Bhat M.R.
Published: June 2023

This paper investigates the effects of emery abraded surface roughness orientation on the shear strength of the carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) single lap joint (SLJ). For this purpose, three roughness patterns of angles 0°, 45°, and 90° with the longitudinal axis of adherend were considered in the overlap area of the SLJ. The surface roughness was characterized by contact-based roughness measurement and contact angle between the water droplet and the adherend surface. Through-the-thickness full-strain field measurement was carried out during shear strength tests using digital image correlation (DIC). The peel and shear stress at the overlap end were highest in the 90° coupons and least in 0° coupons. Acoustic emission testing (AE) was carried out during the shear strength testing of the SLJ. The investigation proves that the surface roughness orientation at the interface of bonded joints affects the acoustic emissions generated. AE hits and amplitude parameter distribution was found to change with the change in orientation. AE hits were more in 90° samples and least in 0° samples.
North Adriatic Dense Water: lessons learned since the pioneering work of Mira Zore-Armanda 60 years ago
Authors: Vilibić Ivica , Pranić Petra , Denamiel Cléa
Published: June 2023

This review first pays tribute to the famous Croatian oceanographer, Mira Zore-Armanda, and her seminal work on the Adriatic water masses in 1963, and emphasises the importance of the densest Mediterranean water mass: North Adriatic Dense Water (NAddW). This water mass is generated through substantial wintertime surface cooling and evaporation over the wide northern Adriatic and is known to (1) influence the Adriatic-Ionian thermohaline circulation, (2) bring oxygen and carbon to the deep Adriatic layers and, (3) more generally, have a substantial impact on the physics and biogeochemistry of the whole Adriatic. Second, the NAddW physics, from preconditioning, through generation and spreading, to accumulation in Adriatic depressions, is reviewed. Then, the temporal evolution of the NAddW properties influenced and connected to (1) basin-wide interannual and decadal variability and (2) trends towards warmer and saltier source characteristic due to ongoing climate change, is discussed. The importance of long-term observations and atmosphere-ocean modelling in event, decadal and climate studies is then presented. Finally, a review of the identified gaps and perspectives for future research is concluding this article.
Modeling of the corporate capital structure
Authors: Demidova E. G. , Bogatov E. M.
Published: June 2023

The capital structure is determined by the ratio of the company’s own and borrowed funds. It has a direct impact on the financial stability of the company, profit and return on equity. Thus a reasonable calculation of the value of the specified ratio is an urgent problem for any large enterprise. The correct ratio of borrowed and own capital in the structure of the aggregate corporate capital will allow to provide the specified return from the use of own capital in changing market conditions. The methodology of optimizing the structure of capital proposed by the authors is based on a formula for increasing return on equity (ROE) as a function of three variables — return on sales (ROS), resource productivity (Y) and equity multiplier M. The interpretation of the DuPont model as a model with lagged variables is original, which allows to predict the change in the equity multiplier at the expense of possible increase in other variables: resource productivity and return on sales, provided that the return on equity will reach the target level. There have been obtained formulas which allow modeling the structure of capital that guarantees a given profitability. The heuristic principle based on the three-factor model of DuPont ROE = ROS×Y×M, was that keeping the return on equity at the same level (as compared with the reference period) should entail compensation for the multidirectional dynamics of return on sales, resource productivity and equity multiplier. The paper considers three variants of the dependence of changes in the ratio of equity and borrowed capital of the company: when resource productivity is unchanged (ΔY = 0), when return on sales is unchanged (ΔROS = 0) and when both indicators change simultaneously (ΔY ≠ 0 and ΔROS ≠ 0). The methodology presented by the authors also allows to calculate the structure of capital which would provide a given level of return on equity ROE based on the forecast of return on assets ROS and return on sales Y with reference to the values of ROS and Y calculated in the reference period. We present the testing of this algorithm (in all three variants) on the basis of the reporting data of one of the metallurgical companies of Russia for the period 2017—2019.
Wages, age, and economic growth: Estimates for Russia
Authors: Zamnius A. V. , Polbin A. V. , Sinelnikov-Murylev S. G.
Published: June 2023

We study the dependence of wages on ages of individuals based on RLMS-HSE microdata for individuals aged 25—55 years for the period 2000— 2019 in Russia. A quadratic dependence of wages on the age of an individual is assumed for cross-sectional models, while shifts of cross-sectional wage profiles over time are described by the dynamics of the gross regional product. The model parameters are estimated for different social groups, separated by gender and educational level, based on a model with random effects, which allows us to obtain the most effective parameter estimates based on both within-group and between-group variation in the data. The estimates obtained can be used in calibration of general equilibrium models with overlapping generations. We touch upon the problem of reducing wages in ages close to retirement and discuss possible reasons for this decrease. We also estimate minimal economic growth rates, forcing the wage rates to increase until the individual reaches the ages of 55, 60 and 65.
ПУБЛІЦИСТИЧНІ ЗАСОБИ ПОРТРЕТУВАННЯ (ЗА МАТЕРІАЛАМИ КНИГИ «ЖИТТЯ І СМЕРТЬ РЕДАКТОРА»)
Authors: Yakubovska Mariia
Published: June 2023

У статті йдеться про основні публіцистичні засоби портретування, виходячи з аналізу книги «Життя і смерть Редактора: Книга пам’яті Бориса Дерев’янка» (упорядник Лариса Бурчо), де представлено чимало зразків жанру. У тексті передано як пряму, так і непряму мову самого очільника газети; переваги непрямої мови в тому, що, передаючи чуже висловлювання, застосовуються більш економні мовні засоби, які дозволяють зберігати лаконічність викладу матеріалу. Водночас непряма мова поступається перед прямою в емоційному плані, адже в конструкціях з непрямою мовою не ставиться завдання зберегти індивідуальні особливості мовця, оскільки в центрі уваги важливо не те, як він говорив, а те, що він говорив. Виділено різні види описів, заголовки, деталі й подробиці, пряме цитування тощо як важливі техніки створення образу людини в публіцистиці. У більшості авторів йдеться про неабияку потребу Бориса Дерев’янка постійно відроджувати довіру до слова журналіста, до журналістики власне як до «четвертої влади». Виходячи з нарисів і спогадів, можна у своєрідний спосіб сформулювати такі основні принципи та завдання журналістики сучасного й минулого: усвідомлення нею національної й регіональної потрібності, професійної й етичної довершеності, спрямованості на скріплення «душі нації», «душі міста». Така журналістика, на думку редактора «Вечірки», може виконати основне завдання: віднайти правдиві глибини й висоти духовності, відкрити спільноті правду про них. Але для цього слід мати велике внутрішнє переконання у своїй правоті. Зі сторінок портретних нарисів весь час лунає думка, що одужання журналістики як професії за сучасних обставин – це перший симптом одужання суспільства як такого. Публіцистичні засоби портретування різноманітні й різноформатні. Серед головних ми виділили: опис людини в дії; опис особистості через спілкування з іншими людьми – колегами, друзями; опис через ставлення до справи і створення своєрідного кодексу професіонала – через розповідь про погляди; опис через ставлення до опонентів, до ідеологічних супротивників; пряме цитування; активне застосування промовистих деталей і подробиць, які в окремих випадках стають підґрунтям побудови всього твору; аналіз заголовкового комплексу книги – від власне назви самого видання до назв окремих публікацій, їх частин і підрозділів. Усі без винятку засоби портретування є важливими, всі разом створюють цілісний світлий образ.
NILAI BUDAYA DAN KEARIFAN LOKAL MASYARAKAT KABUPATEN BATANGHARI DALAM CERITA TAPA MALENGGANG: SUATU KAJIAN SEMIOTIK
Authors: Akbar Oky , Karim Maizar , Warni Warni
Published: June 2023

This study aims, (1) to find cultural values, (2) to find the form of local wisdom, (3) to find the meaning of the story based on signs. This research is descriptive-qualitative to reveal the whole meaning of the story. The data source is the story of Tapa Malenggang written by M. Rasyid who comes from Batanghari Regency. Collecting data using read-note and interview techniques. The story of Tapa Malenggang is read over and over again accompanied by notes of the findings. The data was strengthened by an open interview with M. Rasyid. The results of the study include the theme and message of the story, cultural values related to the relationship between humans and God, humans with nature, humans with society, humans with humans, and human relationships with oneself as well as local wisdom of the people of Batanghari Regency both in the form of abstracts and activities. The conclusion is that the Tapa Malenggang story is a romantic story that describes the life of the people of Batanghari Regency which is orderly and obedient to religion and customs and shows a society that has a high scientific civilization, is visionary and cares about the environment.
Könyvtárak és a pénzügyi kultúra 2. rész - Kompetenciák
Authors: Kiszl Péter
Published: June 2023

A pénzügyi műveltség valamennyi korosztályt érintő fejlesztése globális szintű stratégiai célkitűzés. Tanulmánysorozatunkban a tudatos pénzügyi döntések elősegítésére szolgáló könyvtári kezdeményezésekre irányítjuk rá a figyelmet. Célunk (1) a könyvtárosoktól jellemzően idegen terület beépítése a magyarországi szakmai vérkeringésbe, ezáltal a könyvtárosok pénzügyi felkészültségének javítása, beleértve a könyvtárosképzést is; (2) a nemzetközi könyvtári jó gyakorlatok adaptációs irányultságú megosztása, új pénzügyi edukációs (és vállalkozásfejlesztési) szolgáltatások bevezetésének katalizálása valamennyi könyvtártípusban; (3) közvetetten pedig a hazai könyvtári rendszer és a könyvtárosok presztízsének emelése, társadalmi hasznosságának erősítése. A 2. részben a nemzetgazdaságot támogató könyvtári feladatellátáshoz szükséges könyvtárosi kompetenciákat azonosítjuk nemzetközi és hazai kompetenciakeretek elemzésével.
Comparison of Nutritional Status of Hospitalized Patients in Gastroenterology Ward At Admission and During Discharge
Authors: Ali Haider Salahuddin Mohammed , Paul Binoy , Mohsin Mostafa Noor , Ul Islam Syed Mahtab , Ahmed Ershad Uddin , Sarker Md Khalequzzaman , Raihan A S M A
Published: June 2023

Background: Malnutrition is a state of nutrition in which a deficiency and excess of energy, protein and other nutrients causes measurable adverse effects on tissue or body function and clinical outcome.  The aim of study were to find out proportion of malnutrition during hospital admission and to observe the change of nutritional status of the patients during hospital stay.

Materials and methods: This is a serial cross sectional study performed at Gastroenterology Department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka during a period of May to December 2009. The nutritional status was assessed using Body Mass Index (BMI) and Mid Arm Circumference (MAC). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS program and simple frequency distribution table. 202 patients were included in this study, 114 were male and 88 were female. 32 patients were over 60 years of age.

Results: Out of 202 patients, 57 patients had chronic liver disease (28.2%) 44 patients had intestinal tuberculosis (21.8%) 18 patients had intestinal lymphoma (8.9%) 30 patients had GI malignancy (14.9%) and 53 patients had others gastrointestinal disorders (26.2%). Prevalence of malnutrition during hospital admission was 32.7%. Out of 202 patients, 66 patients (32.7%) were found to be malnourished at 1st day of hospital admission whereas 83 patients (41.1%) were malnourished at the time of discharge. Lowest recorded BMI was 14.8 and highest was 28.4 (19.9 mean ± 2.9 SD) whereas lowest recorded MAC was 15 and highest MAC was 34 (22.8 mean ± 3.4SD) during hospital admission. 14% patients had very poor appetite. Out of 145 patients who were hospitalized  for 14 days or less, 34 (23.4%) and 32 (22.1%) patients had significant decreased MAC and BMI respectively. Out of 57 patients admitted for more than 14 days, 24 patients (42.1%) had significant decrease in BMI whereas 14 patients (24.6%) had significant decrease in MAC.

Conclusion: Nutritional status of the patients during hospital stay has changed significantly in relation to disease pattern

JCMCTA 2020 ; 31 (1) : 19-25
Helicobacter Pylori Eradication by Levofloxacin Based Triple Therapy in Patients with Peptic Ulcer Disease
Authors: Alam Md Razibul , Arefin Muhammad Sayedul , Sarkar Md Abdul Mumit , Ohab MA , Rahman Md Zahidur , Kabir Md Anwarul
Published: June 2023

Background: Clarithromycin resistance globally has challenged the success of conventional Clarithromycin based triple therapy for Helicobacter Pylori eradication. Levofloxacin has primarily been considered as a second-line treatment but may also be used as primary therapy. Recently, some studies have evaluated its efficacy as a valid alternative to standard antibiotics as first-line therapy for H. pylori infection. This study was intended to assess the eradication success of Levofloxacin based first-line triple therapy and also to see it’s compliance & adverse effect profile.

Materials and methods: This non-randomized single-arm clinical trial was carried out in the Department of Gastroenterology, BSMMU from March 2016 to March 2017 involving 123 H. pylori-positive patients with endoscopically proven peptic ulcer disease to assess the eradication success of levofloxacin based first-line triple therapy and also to see its compliance and adverse effect profile. H. pylori status were detected by urea breath test. Patients were treated with amoxycillin 1 gm 12 hourly, levofloxacin 500 mg 12 hourly and omeprazole 20 mg 12 hourly for 14 days and were followed-up at 2 months after completion of therapy for repeat urea breath test.

Results: A total of 97 patients returned for followup.  Male proportion was 63.41% and female was 36.58% with the median age of 57 years. On intention-to-treat analysis, the eradication rate of H. pylori was 65.85% and on per-protocol analysis, it was 83.50%. Total 15.44% patients developed adverse effects, all were mild to moderate in nature. One patient discontinued treatment because of epigastric pain and vomiting.

Conclusion: Levofloxacin-based therapy was effective, well-tolerated and compliance was excellent; but the eradication rate was not satisfactory.

 JCMCTA 2020 ; 31 (1) : 102-107
Influence of maternal hyperglycemia on rat daughters and granddaughters
Authors: Di Domizio Luigi M. Jeuken , Gomes Maria Eduarda Picolo , Paula Verônyca Gonçalves , Souza Maysa Rocha de , Gallego Franciane Quintanilha , Barco Vinícius Soares , Damasceno Débora Cristina
Published: June 2023

This study evaluated the influence of maternal diabetes on the reproductive outcomes of adult daughters during full-term pregnancy in rats. The local ethics committee approved all experimental protocols. The adult female pups of nondiabetic (control – CP) and diabetic (DP) mothers were subjected to mating with healthy male rats for reproductive analysis. On day 17 of pregnancy, both groups underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to evaluate glucose tolerance. At the end of pregnancy, the rats were anesthetized for laparotomy and exposure of maternal organs. Uterine horns, ovaries, fetuses, and placentas were weighed to classify fetal weight and placental efficiency. P<0.05 was considered a statistically significant limit, and Pearson's correlation was used. Higher maternal fasting blood glucose was correlated with a lower number of live fetuses and, consequently, with a lower litter weight. Thus, maternal fasting glucose during pregnancy is a relevant biomarker related to the poor reproductive outcome of daughters of rats. Furthermore, these findings show the detrimental effects of fetal programming induced by maternal diabetes in adulthood in the subsequent generation.
Desenvolvimento de uma estufa de baixo custo para filamentos de impressoras 3D
Authors: Baêta Cláudio Fortes , Silva Eric Valero Carvalho da
Published: June 2023

A tecnologia de impressão 3D vem sendo amplamente pesquisada para aprimoramento em todo o mundo, por ser uma tecnologia relativamente nova que permite a impressão de geometrias que outros processos de fabricação não conseguiam. A maioria das impressoras de hoje que estão no mercado são do tipo FDM, que utiliza de filamentos sensíveis para fazer as impressões. Essa pesquisa é caracterizada como um estudo experimental, na qual objetivou-se construir um protótipo que utiliza o sistema PID de baixo custo, com capacidade de alcançar 50 °C e de alta resistência térmica. Nessa perspectiva, o objetivo do estudo se define por investigar as possibilidades de desenvolvimento de uma estufa de baixo custo para filamentos de impressora 3D. Considera-se que o objetivo da pesquisa foi alcançado, uma vez que o desempenho que o protótipo atingiu foi muito satisfatório pelo baixo custo investido e por ser uma área nova da qual o grupo está explorando. Verificou-se também que o controle PID torna o processo bem mais preciso, uma vez que sem ele, o sistema se torna mais inconstante, podendo interferir por exemplo, em processos industriais. Através do estudo realizado, adquiriu-se também conhecimentos sobre a transferência de calor, eletrônica e programação, o que é importante considerar, pois para se realizar esse tipo de experimento, consequentemente pauta-se em saberes teóricos para que a prática funcione corretamente, e no caso desse estudo, ambos teoria e prática puderam ser aprimorados.
Avaliação sobre os distúrbios fisiológicos relacionados ao uso contínuo de contraceptivos hormonais em mulheres jovens
Authors: Simas Cássia Gabriel , Santos Késsia Souza , Mascarenhas Paulo Henrique , Rodrigues Mosar Correa , Mélo Ana Cerilza , Duarte Rosângela Correa Rodrigues
Published: June 2023

O intuito primário desse estudo foi avaliar os relatos e conhecimentos das participantes sobre efeitos colaterais promovidos pelo uso dos métodos de contracepção hormonal. Para tal, foi aplicado um questionário remoto com questões direcionadas ao conhecimento dos dados sociodemográfico; à finalidade e efeitos colaterais após o uso desses métodos de contracepção. Participaram desse estudo 306 mulheres com idade média de 25 anos. Os resultados demostraram que elas reconhecem que houve redução da libido (51%); alteração do humor (47%); cefaleia (37%) fadigas ou incômodo nas pernas (22%); aumento do peso corporal (33%) e outros efeitos colaterais e/ou adversos após o uso dos métodos de contracepção hormonal. O uso de contraceptivos hormonais tem sido bastante associado ao surgimento de diversos efeitos indesejados, corroborando aos encontros no presente estudo. Ressalta-se ainda que a presença de fatores de riscos, também podem influenciar o surgimento de tais efeitos, assim, é necessário que as usuárias de contraceptivos estejam atentas aos fatores de riscos, tais como: tabagismo, obesidade, enxaquecas, hipertensão e histórico familiares para AVC e doenças cardiovasculares. Estes fatores de risos atrelados ao uso destes métodos podem trazer consequências graves na fisiologia feminina. Neste contexto, é razoável considerar que é necessário a divulgação de tais informações, pois muitas mulheres buscam informações não científicas nas redes sociais e outros meios de informações. Sendo assim, a divulgação de informações científicas é fundamental para alcançarmos uma população mais saudável e bem orientada.
Eventos adversos associados à técnica de rinomodelação com ácido hialurônico na harmonização orofacial
Authors: Machado Sarai Andrade de Souza Leite , Suguihara Roberto Teruo , Muknicka Daniella Pilon
Published: June 2023

A rinomodelação é um procedimento estético minimamente invasivo realizado em ambulatório, que busca melhorar a aparência do nariz sem a necessidade de cirurgia plástica. Dentre as técnicas utilizadas, a mais comum é a aplicação de ácido hialurônico de média reticulação. Os benefícios desse tipo de rinomodelação incluem a ausência de repouso prolongado, retorno rápido às atividades normais, ausência de incisões, curativo aceitável, cuidados pós-procedimento simples e a possibilidade de reversão total ou parcial através de injeções de hialuronidase. No entanto, o uso inadequado do ácido hialurônico pode levar a complicações graves, como necrose tecidual nasal, cegueira ou óbito. É essencial que o profissional que realiza o procedimento possua o conhecimento e experiência necessários para evitar tais complicações e melhorar a qualidade de vida do paciente. Dessa forma o objetivo deste trabalho é, através de uma revisão narrativa de literatura, demonstrar quais são os efeitos adversos associados à técnica de rinomodelação e como estes podem ser evitados e tratados pelo cirurgião-dentista, especialmente pelo especialista em harmonização orofacial.
Evidence-based hyponatremia management in liver disease
Authors: Ryu Ji Young , Baek Seon Ha , Kim Sejoong
Published: June 2023

Hyponatremia is primarily a water balance disorder associated with high morbidity and mortality. The pathophysiological mechanisms behind hyponatremia are multifactorial, and diagnosing and treating this disorder remains challenging. In this review, the classification, pathogenesis, and step-by-step management approaches for hyponatremia in patients with liver disease are described based on recent evidence. We summarize the five sequential steps of the traditional diagnostic approach: 1) confirm true hypotonic hyponatremia, 2) assess the severity of hyponatremia symptoms, 3) measure urine osmolality, 4) classify hyponatremia based on the urine sodium concentration and extracellular fluid status, and 5) rule out any coexisting endocrine disorder and renal failure. Distinct treatment strategies for hyponatremia in liver disease should be applied according to the symptoms, duration, and etiology of disease. Symptomatic hyponatremia requires immediate correction with 3% saline. Asymptomatic chronic hyponatremia in liver disease is prevalent and treatment plans should be individualized based on diagnosis. Treatment options for correcting hyponatremia in advanced liver disease may include water restriction; hypokalemia correction; and administration of vasopressin antagonists, albumin, and 3% saline. Safety concerns for patients with liver disease include a higher risk of osmotic demyelination syndrome.
Spatiotemporal distribution and sexual segregation in the Critically Endangered angelshark Squatina squatina in Spain’s largest marine reserve
Authors: Mead LR , Jiménez Alvarado D , Meyers E , Barker J , Sealey M , Caro MB , Toledo H , Pike C , Gollock M , Piper A , Schofield G , Herraiz E , Jacoby DMP
Published: June 2023

Establishing how threatened wildlife are distributed spatially and temporally is essential for effective conservation and management planning. While many shark species are threatened globally, knowledge on sex-specific differences in behaviour and fine-scale habitat use remains limited, hindering the implementation of appropriate conservation actions. Here, acoustic telemetry was used to investigate sex-specific space use in the Critically Endangered angelshark Squatina squatina in the Canary Islands (Atlantic Ocean), a key stronghold for the species. We collected data on space use, residency and movement of adult males (n = 32) and females (n = 72) in Spain’s largest marine reserve (La Graciosa Marine Reserve) over 4 yr (2018-2022). Presence in offshore sites (>80 m depth) indicated long-term utilisation of deep-water habitat, not previously observed in this species. Males were more likely to be detected in deep water and displayed significantly greater levels of activity and roaming behaviour than females. Patterns of behaviour in shallow waters indicated both social and habitat sexual segregation. Diel variability was also recorded, with greater activity occurring nocturnally. This study demonstrates the importance of considering the spatiotemporal distribution of both sexes, horizontally and vertically, when designing effective conservation measures.
Effect of head-down bed rest on the neuroendocrine response to orthostatic stress in physically fit men
Authors: Koška J , Kšinantová L , Kvetňanský R , Marko M , Hamar D , Vigaš M , Hatala R
Published: June 2023

The role of neuroendocrine responsiveness in the development of orthostatic intolerance after bed rest was studied in physically fit subjects. Head-down bed-rest (HDBR, –6 degrees, 4 days) was performed in 15 men after 6 weeks of aerobic training. The standing test was performed before, after training and on day 4 of the HDBR. Orthostatic intolerance was observed in one subject before and after training. The blood pressure response after training was enhanced (mean BP increments 18±2 vs. 13±2 mm Hg, p<0.05, means ± S.E.M.), although noradrenaline response was diminished (1.38±0.18 vs. 2.76±0.25 mol.l-1, p<0.01). Orthostatic intolerance after HDBR was observed in 10 subjects, the BP response was blunted, and noradrenaline as well as plasma renin activity (PRA) responses were augmented (NA 3.10±0.33 mol.l-1, p<0.001; PRA 2.98±1.12 vs. 0.85±0.15 ng.ml-1, p<0.05). Plasma noradrenaline, adrenaline and aldosterone responses in orthostatic intolerant subjects were similar to the tolerant group. We conclude that six weeks of training attenuated the sympathetic response to standing and had no effect on the orthostatic tolerance. In orthostatic intolerance the BP response induced by subsequent HDBR was absent despite an enhanced sympathetic response.
Mechanisms of Cardiovascular Changes of Phototherapy in Newborns with Hyperbilirubinemia
Authors: JAVORKA K , MAŤAŠOVÁ K , JAVORKA M , ZIBOLEN M
Published: June 2023

During phototherapy of jaundiced newborns, vasodilation occurs in the skin circulation compensated by vasoconstriction in the renal and mesenteric circulation. Furthermore, there is a slight decrease in cardiac systolic volume, and blood pressure, as well as an increase in heart rate and discrete changes in the heart rate variability (HRV). The primary change during phototherapy is the skin vasodilation mediated by multiple mechanisms: 1) Passive vasodilation induced by direct skin heating effect of the body surface and subcutaneous blood vessels, modified by myogenic autoregulation. 2) Active vasodilation mediated via the mechanism provided by axon reflexes through nerve C-fibers and humoral mechanism via nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin 1 (ET-1). During and after phototherapy is a rise in the NO:ET-1 ratio. 3) Regulation of the skin circulation through the sympathetic nerves is unique, but their role in skin vasodilation during phototherapy was not studied. 4) Special mechanism is a photorelaxation independent of the skin heating. Melanopsin (opsin 4) – is thought to play a major role in systemic vascular photorelaxation. Signalling cascade of the photorelaxation is specific, independent of endothelium and NO. The increased skin blood flow during phototherapy is enabled by the restriction of blood flow in the renal and mesenteric circulation. An increase in heart rate indicates activation of the sympathetic system as is seen in the measures of the HRV. High-pressure, as well as low-pressure baroreflexes, may play important role in these adaptation responses. The integrated complex and specific mechanism responsible for the hemodynamic changes during phototherapy confirm adequate and functioning regulation of the neonatal cardiovascular system, including baroreflexes.
Analisis Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Efikasi Diri Menyusui
Authors: Mariana Dina , Idayati Idayati
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Breastfeeding is a way of giving breast milk to babies that is effective in improving the quality of a child's health. Mother's belief in breastfeeding is a condition related to a psychological condition known as breastfeeding self-efficacy. Purpose: to analyze the factors related to breastfeeding self-efficacy in mothers at the Beru-beru Health Center, Mamuju Regency. Method: The type of research used is an observational study with a cross-sectional study design. The total sample of 81 people used a purposive sampling technique and data analysis used the Chi Square Test. The study was conducted in August – October 2022. Results: The results showed that observation of other people (p=0.049) and verbal persuasion (p=0.016) had a significant relationship with breastfeeding self-efficacy while for breastfeeding experience (p=0.182), physical and emotional condition (p=0.072) had no significant relationship with breastfeeding self-efficacy. Conclusion: The results of this study can be used in designing interventions to increase the self-efficacy of mothers in giving exclusive breastfeeding to their babies, so that it is hoped that it can provide support for government policies in order to increase the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding.
Pelatihan Diversifikasi Produk Madu di Kecamatan Pasirjambu, Kabupaten Bandung, Jawa Barat melalui Kolaborasi Luar Negeri dengan Thammasat University
Authors: Muhammad Fakih Taufik , Jamilah Lina , Dzulhijjah Liza , Fristiohady Adryan , Hidayat Aulia Fikri , Soewondo Budi Prabowo , Darma Gita Cahya Eka , Nuzulfikri Rizki , Radina Faqih , Prayitno Robby
Published: June 2023

The main problems found in the Malaya Farmer Group in Pasirjambu District which are partners, are problems related to honey bee harvesting techniques and the diversification of honey products. Some of the methods applied to achieve the target are coordination with domestic and foreign partners through outreach, discussions, identification of problem solutions, selection of alternative solutions to problems, and formulation of implementation stages. Then the implementation of training on honey bee harvesting techniques, the practice of making diversified honey products, and marketing the results of diversified honey products. The achievement of this community service has obtained data in the form of honey product diversification including Honey Combination Soap, Honey Ginger Candy, and Honey Milk Coffee Drinks with the MAZALI brand. In addition, through this community service, training on honey bee harvesting techniques was successfully carried out with the title Trigona Honey Bee Cultivation Training with the theme of Harvesting Techniques, Quality Assessment, and Diversification of Trigona Honey Products. It is hoped that this community service can provide benefits for the development of science, especially in order to help improve skills in honey bee harvesting techniques and develop various diversifications of honey products so that they can become superior in Pasirjambu District.
Deep learning with microfluidics for on-chip droplet generation, control, and analysis
Authors: Sun Hao , Xie Wantao , Mo Jin , Huang Yi , Dong Hui
Published: June 2023

Droplet microfluidics has gained widespread attention in recent years due to its advantages of high throughput, high integration, high sensitivity and low power consumption in droplet-based micro-reaction. Meanwhile, with the rapid development of computer technology over the past decade, deep learning architectures have been able to process vast amounts of data from various research fields. Nowadays, interdisciplinarity plays an increasingly important role in modern research, and deep learning has contributed greatly to the advancement of many professions. Consequently, intelligent microfluidics has emerged as the times require, and possesses broad prospects in the development of automated and intelligent devices for integrating the merits of microfluidic technology and artificial intelligence. In this article, we provide a general review of the evolution of intelligent microfluidics and some applications related to deep learning, mainly in droplet generation, control, and analysis. We also present the challenges and emerging opportunities in this field.
Biomembrane-wrapped gene delivery nanoparticles for cancer therapy
Authors: Li Jie , Zeng Huamin , Li Luwei , Song Ming , Dong Mingqing
Published: June 2023

As a promising strategy, gene delivery for cancer treatment accepts encouraging progress due to its high efficacy, low toxicity, and exclusive selectivity. However, the delivery efficiency, specific biological distribution, targeted uptake, and biosafety of naked nucleic acid agents still face serious challenges, which limit further clinical application. To overcome the above bottleneck, safe and efficient functional nanovectors are developed to improve the delivery efficiency of nucleic acid agents. In recent years, emerging membrane-wrapped biomimetic nanoparticles (MBNPs) based on the concept of “imitating nature” are well known for their advantages, such as low immunogenicity and long cycle time, and especially play a crucial role in improving the overall efficiency of gene delivery and reducing adverse reactions. Therefore, combining MBNPs and gene delivery is an effective strategy to enhance tumor treatment efficiency. This review presents the mechanism of gene therapy and the current obstacles to gene delivery. Remarkably, the latest development of gene delivery MBNPs and the strategies to overcome these obstacles are summarized. Finally, the future challenges and prospects of gene delivery MBNPs toward clinical transformation are introduced. The principal purpose of this review is to discuss the biomedical potential of gene delivery MBNPs for cancer therapy and to provide guidance for further enhancing the efficiency of tumor gene therapy.
PD-L1 aptamer-functionalized degradable hafnium oxide nanoparticles for near infrared-II diagnostic imaging and radiosensitization
Authors: Wei Min , Shen Xiao , Fan Xueqi , Li Jiwei , Bai Jingwen
Published: June 2023

Immune checkpoint blockade is now recognized as a paradigm-shifting cancer therapeutic strategy, whereas there remains difficulty in accurately predicting immunotherapy efficacy by PD-L1 expression. In addition, radiotherapy for cancer patients faces the problem of insufficient dose of radiotherapy at the tumor site while which have been not tolerated by normal tissues. In this study, we created PD-L1 aptamer-anchored spherical nucleic acids (SNAs) with a shell made of PD-L1 aptamer and indocyanine green (ICG) embedded in a mesoporous hafnium oxide nanoparticle core (Hf@ICG-Apt). Upon low pH irradiation in the tumor sites, the nano-system enabled the release of ICG in the high PD-L1 expression tumor to develop a high tumor-to-background ratio of 7.97 ± 0.76 and enhanced the ICG tumor retention to more than 48 h. Moreover, Hf@ICG-Apt improved radiation therapy (RT) when combined with radiation. Notably, Hf@ICG-Apt showed scarcely any systemic toxicity in vivo. Overall, this research offered a novel approach for applying reliable monitoring of PD-L1 expression and localization and robust RT sensitization against cancer with good biosafety.
Sex-Specific Development in Haplodiploid Honeybee Is Controlled by the Female-Embryo-Specific Activation of Thousands of Intronic LncRNAs
Authors: Wang Miao , Chen Dong , Zheng Huoqing , Zhao Liuwei , Xue Xiaofeng , Yu Fengyun , Zhang Yu , Cheng Chao , Niu Qingsheng , Wang Shuai , Zhang Yi , Wu Liming
Published: June 2023

Graphical Abstract

Current working model of the three waves of ZGA in diploid embryos, and the slow maternal degradation in haploid embryos.
I329L protein-based indirect ELISA for detecting antibodies specific to African swine fever virus
Authors: Shen Zhiyong , Qiu Wenchen , Luan Haorui , Sun Chunxi , Cao Xinya , Wang Gang , Peng Jun
Published: June 2023

African swine fever (ASF) is a disease that causes severe economic losses to the global porcine industry. As no vaccine or drug has been discovered for the prevention and control of ASF virus (ASFV), accurate diagnosis and timely eradication of infected animals are the primary measures, which necessitate accurate and effective detection methods. In this study, the truncated ASFV I329L (amino acids 70–237), was induced using IPTG and expressed in Escherichia coli cells. The highly antigenic viral protein I329L was used to develop an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA), named I329L-ELISA, which cut-off value was 0.384. I329L-ELISA was used to detect 186 clinical pig serum samples, and the coincidence rate between the indirect ELISA developed here and the commercial kit was 96.77%. No cross-reactivity was observed with CSFV, PRRSV, PCV2, or PRV antibody-positive pig sera, indicating good specificity. Both intra- assay and inter-assay coefficients were below 10%, and the detection sensitivity of the iELISA reached 1:3200. In this study, an iELISA for ASFV antibody detection was developed based on the truncated ASFV I329L protein. Overall, the I329L-ELISA is a user-friendly detection tool that is suitable for ASFV antibody detection and epidemiological surveillance.
The bladder microbiome of NMIBC and MIBC patients revealed by 2bRAD-M
Authors: Sun Jian-Xuan , Xia Qi-Dong , Zhong Xing-Yu , Liu Zheng , Wang Shao-Gang
Published: June 2023

Background

Bladder cancer (BCa) is the most common malignancy of the urinary tract which can be divided into non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), and their microbial differences are not fully understood. This study was conducted by performing 2bRAD sequencing for Microbiome (2bRAD-M) on NMIBC and MIBC tissue samples to investigate the microbiota differences between NMIBC and MIBC individuals.

Methods

A total of 22 patients with BCa, including 7 NMIBC and 15 MIBC, were recruited. Tumor tissues were surgically removed as samples and DNA was extracted. Type IIB restriction endonucleases were used to enzymatically cleave the microbial genome for each microbe’s tag and map it to species-specific 2bRAD markers to enable qualitative and quantitative studies of microbes between MIBC and NMIBC tissues.

Results

A total of 527 species were detected. The microbial diversity of NMIBC tissues was significantly higher than that of MIBC tissues. Microbial composition of the two tumor tissues was similar, where Ralstonia_sp000620465 was the most dominant species. 4 species (Acinetobacter_guillouiae, Anoxybacillus_A_rupiensis, Brevibacillus_agri and Staphylococcus_lugdunensis) were enriched in NMIBC, while Ralstonia_mannitolilytica, Ralstonia_pickettii, and Ralstonia_sp000620465 were overrepresented in MIBC. 252 discriminatory character taxa were also revealed by linear discriminant analysis effect sizea (LEfSe). Species importance point plots identified Ralstonia_sp000620465, Cutibacterium_acnes and Ralstonia_pickettii as the three most important species between the two groups. Meanwhile, functional annotation analysis showed 3011 different COGs and 344 related signaling pathways between MIBC and NMIBC microbiome.

Conclusion

This first 2bRAD-M microbiome study on MIBC and NMIBC tissues revealed significant differences in the microbial environment between the two groups, which implies a potential association between tumor microbial dysbiosis and BCa, and provides a possible target and basis for subsequent studies on the mechanisms of BCa development and progression.
Pilot study of positive airway pressure usage, patient journey and program engagement for users of a digital obstructive sleep apnea program
Authors: Kumar Shefali , Rudie Emma , Dorsey Cynthia , Caswell Kimberly , Blase Amy , Sert Kuniyoshi Fatima , Benjafield Adam V. , Sullivan Shannon S.
Published: June 2023

Purpose

This single-arm, decentralized pilot study assessed patient journey, positive airway pressure (PAP) usage and program satisfaction for users of an entirely virtual telemedicine program for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) diagnosis and management. This analysis focuses specifically on the subset of participants in the program who were diagnosed with OSA and prescribed PAP therapy.

Methods

The Verily Clinical Studies Platform was used for virtual screening, consent, and enrolling eligible patients from North Carolina and Texas. After completing the virtual OSA diagnosis process, participants diagnosed with OSA and prescribed PAP therapy downloaded the program's mobile app. The app featured tools such as educational content, live coaching support, and motivational enhancement.

Results

Of the patients included in this analysis (N = 105), the majority were female (58%), and white (90%). The mean time from first televisit to PAP initiation was 29.2 (SD 12.8) days and f 68 out of the 105 patients (65%) reached 90-day adherence. On average, patients used their PAP device for 4.4 h per day, and 5.4 h on days used. Engagement with the app was associated with higher rates of PAP adherence. Adherent individuals used the mobile app 52 out of the 90 days on average, compared to non-adherent individuals who used the app on 35 out of the 90 days on average (p = 0.0003).

Conclusions

All of the 105 patients in this program diagnosed with OSA and prescribed PAP therapy were able to efficiently complete the entire OSA diagnostic pathway. The majority of these individuals also were able to adhere to their prescribed PAP therapy and had clinically meaningful PAP usage rates over the 90 days of therapy. Future studies might further evaluate the impact of this type of end-to-end virtual program on longer-term adherence and clinical outcomes over time.

Clinical Trial Registration

https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04599803?term=NCT04599803&draw=2&rank=1, identifier NCT04599803.
Characterization and gene expression patterns analysis implies BSK family genes respond to salinity stress in cotton
Authors: Lei Yuqian , Cui Yupeng , Cui Ruifeng , Chen Xiugui , Wang Junjuan , Lu Xuke , Wang Delong , Wang Shuai , Guo Lixue , Zhang Yuexin , Rui Cun , Fan Yapeng , Han Mingge , Zhao Lanjie , Zhang Hong , Liu Xiaoyu , Xu Nan , Wang Jing , Huang Hui , Feng Xixian , Xi Yanlong , Ni Kesong , Zhang Menghao , Jiang Tiantian , Ye Wuwei
Published: June 2023

Identification, evolution, and expression patterns of BSK (BR signaling kinase) family genes revealed that BSKs participated in the response of cotton to abiotic stress and maintained the growth of cotton in extreme environment. The steroidal hormone brassinosteroids (BR) play important roles in different plant biological processes. This study focused on BSK which were downstream regulatory element of BR, in order to help to decipher the functions of BSKs genes from cotton on growth development and responses to abiotic stresses and lean the evolutionary relationship of cotton BSKs. BSKs are a class of plant-specific receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases involved in BR signal transduction. In this study, bioinformatics methods were used to identify the cotton BSKs gene family at the cotton genome level, and the gene structure, promoter elements, protein structure and properties, gene expression patterns and candidate interacting proteins were analyzed. In the present study, a total of 152 BSKs were identified by a genome-wide search in four cotton species and other 11 plant species, and phylogenetic analysis revealed three evolutionary clades. It was identified that BSKs contain typical PKc and TPR domains, the N-terminus is composed of extended chains and helical structures. Cotton BSKs genes show different expression patterns in different tissues and organs. The gene promoter contains numerous cis-acting elements induced by hormones and abiotic stress, the hormone ABA and Cold-inducing related elements have the highest count, indicating that cotton BSK genes may be regulated by various hormones at different growth stages and involved in the response regulation of cotton to various stresses. The expression analysis of BSKs in cotton showed that the expression levels of GhBSK06, GhBSK10, GhBSK21 and GhBSK24 were significantly increased with salt-inducing. This study is helpful to analyze the function of cotton BSKs genes in growth and development and in response to stress.