bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COAL MINING RECLAMATION POLICY PROFETICAL BASED: STUDY IN EAST KALIMANTAN
Authors: Yulianingrum Aullia Vivi
Published: September 2024

This study aims to offer the concept of a prophetic paradigm in managing natural resources, especially minerals and coal, as a reference and guide for stakeholders, coal mining entrepreneurs, and the community on the values of morality and piety to the Creator. Method: This type of research was classified as legal, sociological research, in which the phenomenon was seen directly in the field with the purposive sampling method. It used primary data, namely direct interviews with stakeholders, companies, and communities in coal mining areas in the province of East Kalimantan. Then, the data were analyzed with the approach of case and philosophy in order to get the formulation of legal system factors that were not working properly and prophetic principles in the management of coal mines. Result: From this research, the coal mining reclamation policy made by the local government has not yet reached the legal objective because (1) there was no community participation, (2) unclear structural authority rules in natural resource management, and (3) uncertainty in the implementation of reclamation and post-mining regulations. Therefore, the concept is needed as a solution to solve the problem. Through the prophetic paradigm, the concept of Natural Theology is produced, which is directed to be able to care for nature through the application of Shari'a or moral values that are based on faith. Natural theology is an idea that requires humans to place nature as the highest priority in life. In this position, nature occupies the highest position compared to other materials.
PREDICTING THE CHARACTERISTICS OF DRIVER’S LICENSE APPLICANTS AT SATPAS POLRESTA MANOKWARI USING HIERARCHICAL MULTIPLE REGRESSION
Authors: Sahetapi Merlyn Florensia , Inan Dedi I , Sanglise Marlinda , Juita Ratna , Baisa Lorna Y
Published: September 2024

This research aims to predict the characteristics of driver's license (SIM) applicants at the SATPAS (Driver’s License Issuance Unit) Polresta Manokwari using Hierarchical Multiple Regression analysis. The study explores six key variables: gender, age, occupation, city, type of driver's license, and type of application, as predictors of applicant characteristics. The analysis was conducted using SPSS version 29, with data collected from the population of driver's license applicants since 2023. Three models were tested, with Model 3 being identified as the best predictor, explaining 7% of the variance in applicant characteristics (R² = 0.070). This model incorporates the variables of age, occupation, city, and type of application, while gender and driver's license class were found to have no significant individual impact. The partial t-test results show that age, occupation, city, and type of application significantly influence applicant characteristics, with negative regression coefficients indicating that an increase in these variables leads to a decrease in the predicted characteristics of SIM applicants. The study highlights practical implications for SATPAS, suggesting that service processes could be improved by considering demographic factors such as age and occupation in order to optimize resource allocation and reduce service complexity. However, the study has several limitations. The use of secondary data limits the completeness and accuracy of the analysis, and the limited number of variables results in a narrow interpretation of the factors influencing SIM applicants. Additionally, the model explains only a small portion of the variance in applicant characteristics, suggesting that other unmeasured factors, such as education level or driving experience, may play a more significant role. Furthermore, the findings are not generalizable to other regions, as local conditions may impact license application patterns. Future research should address these limitations by collecting primary data, expanding the range of variables, employing more sophisticated analytical methods, and exploring other regions. This would provide a more comprehensive understanding of the factors affecting driver's license applicants and contribute to enhancing the quality of SIM issuance services in Indonesia.
 
Keywords: Driver's License, Prediction, Hierarchical Multiple Regression, Applicant Characteristics
OPTIMASI KLASIFIKASI DECISION TREE DENGAN TEKNIK PRUNING UNTUK MENGURANGI OVERFITTING
Authors: Syahputri Cindy Novi , Hasibuan Muhammad Siddik
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimalkan klasifikasi Decision Tree menggunakan teknik pruning untuk mengurangi overfitting pada dataset penyakit jantung Kaggle. Overfitting adalah masalah umum dalam pembelajaran mesin, ketika model terlalu cocok dengan data pelatihan dan kehilangan kemampuannya untuk menggeneralisasi data baru dengan baik. Teknik pruning, termasuk prepruning dan postpruning, diterapkan untuk membatasi kompleksitas model dan meningkatkan kemampuannya dalam mengklasifikasikan data baru. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa model dengan postpruning memiliki performa terbaik, dengan akurasi 0,8841, recall 0,8571, presisi 0,8571, dan skor F1 0,8571. Sebagai perbandingan, model dengan prepruning memiliki akurasi sebesar 0,8333, recall sebesar 0,8304, presisi sebesar 0,8304, dan skor F1 sebesar 0,7434. Peningkatan metrik ini menegaskan bahwa postpruning lebih efektif dalam mengurangi overfitting dan meningkatkan kemampuan generalisasi model. Dengan demikian, teknik postpruning dapat dianggap sebagai metode unggulan dalam mengoptimalkan kinerja Decision Tree Classifier untuk klasifikasi penyakit jantung. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat berkontribusi pada pengembangan model prediksi yang lebih akurat dalam diagnosis penyakit jantung, sehingga membantu upaya pencegahan dan pengobatan yang lebih baik.
 
Kata Kunci: Decision Tree, Pruning, Prepruning, Postpruning, Overfitting, Heart Disease Dataset, Kaggle, Machine Learning, Classification, Model Optimization.
IMPLEMENTASI DIGITAL MARKETING PADA BUMDES MEKAR SEJAHTERA DENGAN CRITICAL SUCCESS FAKTOR DAN VALUE CHAIN
Authors: Reza Reza kurnia lesmana , Suendri
Published: September 2024

The implementation of Digital Marketing in Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) Mekar Sejahtera aims to improve marketing performance and business competitiveness through the implementation of Critical Success Factors (CSF) and Value Chain. The study identifies and analyzes the key elements that influence the successful implementation of digital marketing strategies, as well as integrating them in a structured framework. In this study, data collection was carried out using two types of data: primary data and secondary data. Primary data was obtained through direct interviews and surveys with managers of Mekar Sejahtera BUMDes, while secondary data was obtained through analysis of relevant literature and similar case studies from other BUMDes that have implemented digital marketing. The research method used in this study is a qualitative method, which is a research approach used to understand social phenomena in a deep and descriptive way, focusing on the meaning contained in it. The results of the study show that there are several important factors that greatly affect the success of digital marketing in BUMDes Mekar Sejahtera, including: adequate technological infrastructure, competent human resources, effective content management, and appropriate promotion strategies. In addition, the integration of the value chain, starting from raw material procurement, production, distribution, to customer service, also plays an important role in improving the efficiency and effectiveness of digital marketing. The implementation of good digital marketing can increase the visibility of BUMDes Mekar Sejahtera products, expand market reach, and increase sales. However, the challenges faced include budget constraints, resistance to change, and the need for ongoing training for managers. Therefore, strategic recommendations include the development of adequate digital infrastructure, increasing the capacity of human resources through training and mentoring, and strengthening collaboration with external parties such as the government and the private sector. This study concludes that the application of CSF and Value Chain in the development of digital marketing in BUMDes Mekar Sejahtera can have a significant positive impact, as long as it is carried out with careful planning and consistent execution. This research is expected to be a reference for other BUMDes in adopting effective and sustainable digital marketing strategies.
 
Keywords: Critical Succes Factor, Value Chain, Digital Marketing.
PERBANDINGAN OPTIMIZER, BATCH SIZE DAN EPOCH PADA METODE CONVOLUTION NEURAL NETWORK
Authors: Ramadhan Ferry Muhamad , Riwurohi Jan Everhard
Published: September 2024

Buffalo meat and beef are two types of red meat that are widely consumed by the public. The demand for meat increases every year. However, not all types of meat can be eaten by Indonesians, such as pork, so the price of pork in Indonesia is lower than the price of beef and buffalo. In general, the texture and colour of pork, beef and buffalo are almost the same. In the introduction of meat, it is only done directly from the colour, texture, and fibre of the type of meat. However, meat circulating in the community is often mixed between beef, buffalo meat and pork. Distinguishing beef, buffalo and pork must first recognise the characteristics of each type of meat, because there are limitations to the human sense of sight in distinguishing between them. In the use of technology with the help of digital images to determine the most optimal optimizer, batch size and epoch in meat classification, using the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) method with NasNetmobil Architecture. The data set used is 3000 images divided into three classes, with a division of 2400 training data images, 300 testing data images, 300 validation data images. The results showed that the Adam optimiser, batch size 62 and epoch 20 produced an accuracy of 99.00% and a loss value of 0.0243.
 
Keywords: Convolutional Neural Network, Buffalo and Beef Classification,
Analyzing the research trends for letter of credit using science mapping
Authors: Kahveci Ata
Published: September 2024

Letter of Credit has been used in international transfer of money by exporters and importers for a long time. Thus, it is a very niche and important area in the international trade and banking. Within the scope of this study, 220 publications in the Web of Science database has been reached by using “letter of credit” keywords. There is only one bibliometric analysis on Islamic L/C in the literature but a wider overview is required to gain general perspective about L/C. This is where the originality of this research lies. Bibliometric analysis with VOSviewer and Tableau for these publications covering 1980-2024 has been conducted about citations, organizations, keywords, publication years, sources, fields and countries. As a result; almost half of the publications produced in USA, “Byrne James e” is the most productive author, “Journal of International Economics” is the most cited journal, USA is also leading country in terms of citation, and “Natl. Chung Hsing Univ.” is the leading organization in terms of citation. Moreover, co-occurrence analysis on keywords show that digitalization has huge effect on L/C literature. Keywords like “blockchain”, “smart contracts”, “ethereum”, “BPO” etc. emerged as new trend in the last decade.
Mapping the Online Reviews Sentiment Landscape: An Exploration of Emotion Spectrum in User Reviews of Mobile Apps
Authors: Pınarbaşı Fatih
Published: September 2024

Mobile applications have emerged as powerful platforms for consumers and understanding the attitudes and reactions of users by content and emotional sides in a mobile context becomes crucial for marketing decision-making. The study with comprehensive approach aims to analyze the emotion spectrum in mobile applications user reviews context by examining specific emotions (anger, disgust, fear, joy, neutral, sadness, surprise). Sentiment analysis methodology (through "Emotion English DistilRoBERTa-base" transformers-model) is employed on the dataset of 302.647 reviews from 34 mobile application categories. Categorical examination of emotions indicates that neutrality is the dominant emotion category, followed by joy, sadness, disgust, surprise, and anger emotion categories, while the fear category is the least dominant category. According to polarity examination; negative polarity reviews are associated with neutral, sadness and disgust emotions; neutral polarity reviews are associated with neutral and sadness; positive polarity reviews are associated with neutral and joy emotion categories. Final part of analysis includes examination of emotions individually and mobile app categories which each emotion with the highest frequency of dominance are presented. The distribution rates of emotions and the individual relationships of emotions with different application categories can shed light on future academic research and marketing decision-making.
Nijerya’da doğal kaynak rantı ve ekonomik büyümenin çevre kalitesi üzerine etkileri
Authors: Uçar Mehmet , Ülger Mücahit , Atamer Mert Anıl
Published: September 2024

Bu çalışma, Nijerya’da 1990-2020 döneminde doğal kaynak rantı ve ekonomik büyümenin çevresel kalite üzerindeki etkilerini incelemiştir. CO2 emisyonları, ekolojik ayak izi ve yük kapasitesi faktörü gibi üç farklı çevre kalitesi göstergesi kullanılarak Granger nedensellik ve etki-tepki analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Granger nedensellik analizine göre, CO2 emisyonlarından doğal kaynak rantına, ekonomik büyümeden CO2 emisyonlarına ve ekonomik büyümeden ekolojik ayak izine doğru tek yönlü nedensellik ilişkileri bulunmuştur. Etki-tepki analizleri, doğal kaynak rantı ve ekonomik büyüme değişkenlerine verilen şokların çevresel kalite göstergelerinde önemli tepkilere yol açtığını ortaya koymuştur. Doğal kaynak rantına ve ekonomik büyümeye verilen bir standart sapmalık şoka CO2 emisyon miktarı artış yönünde tepki verirken, ekolojik ayak izi bu şoklara ilk dönemden itibaren artarak azalış yönünde tepki vermiştir. Doğal kaynak rantına verilen bir standart sapmalık şoka yük kapasitesi faktörü ilk dört dönem azalış sonrasındaki dört dönem artış şeklinde tepki verirken, ekonomik büyümeye verilen bir standart sapmalık şoka yük kapasitesi faktörü ilk dört dönem azalış sonrasındaki iki dönem artış şeklinde tepki vermiştir. Bu sonuçlar, Nijerya’nın sürdürülebilir kalkınma stratejilerini oluştururken, çevresel etkileri dikkate alarak çevre dostu politikalar geliştirmesi gerektiğini vurgulamaktadır.
An English-language course as a means of career guidance and self-determination in secondary school (grades 10-11, preparing future diplomats)
Authors: Tsvetkova Natalia Igorevna , Yablokova Tatyana Nikolaevna
Published: September 2024

The aim of the study is to justify the need to develop an English-language course for immersion in a professional field within the framework of organizing career guidance for schoolchildren (grades 10-11). The paper emphasizes the expediency of using a specially constructed foreign-language course (English for future diplomats) in preparing high school students for career choice. The authors present their experience in creating and testing this course at the International School of Youth Diplomacy, vividly describing the components of the design process. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that it describes for the first time the stages of organizing career guidance for high school students based on a separately developed specialized English-language course for linguodidactic purposes. As a result, the researchers present features of modeling the “English for Future Diplomats” course, provide specific recommendations for its development, and outline methods for organizing student work, taking into account the specifics of the course program.
Formal model for evaluating the image of a character in a fictional work (based on G. Orwell’s novel “1984”)
Authors: Gorozhanov Alexey Ivanovich , Krasikova Elizaveta Alexandrovna
Published: September 2024

The aim of the research is to develop and test a formal model for evaluating the image of a character in a fictional work based on the corpus approach. The scientific originality lies in the fact that for the first time such an analysis of the character of a fictional work is carried out on the basis of the corpus approach. In the course of the work, a balanced corpus of the original text of the novel “1984” by G. Orwell was formed, which includes the marking of hierarchical relationships between the tokens. A number of search queries to the corpus were carried out using the author’s software “Balanced Linguistic Corpus Generator and Corpus Manager”. With the help of this tool, a frequency list of proper names from the novel was obtained and lists of tokens characterizing its main characters were output. The data obtained is extracted during the operation of a special algorithm built into the corpus manager, which selects from the text significant character traits and related lexical units. Thus, a model for evaluating the image of a character is built as a formal description of a system of interconnected hierarchical text elements. The results of the study were analyzed and compared with the results of mental interpretation. Thus, the characters’ profiles were compiled in terms of a formal description of their actions and those objects to which their actions were directed.
“We are like human shields”: Dilemmas of Mobility, Kinship and Place in Georgian Borderland Villages
Authors: Gotfredsen Katrine Bendtsen
Published: September 2024

This article explores local experiences and consequences of Russian “borderization” and “creeping occupation” along the administrative boundary line (ABL) between occupied South Ossetia and Georgian-controlled territory. Based on ethnographic fieldwork and interviews in borderland villages, the focus moves beyond the immediate physical manifestations and geopolitical consequences and draws attention to the social effects produced by these practices. By examining the relationship between the specific political situation affecting livelihoods along the ABL and local notions of kinship and place as foundations of good lives and social continuity, the article unpacks the ways in which fundamental ambiguities and uncertainties characterizing the borderlands extend beyond the physical terrain and into intimate social relationships and practices. I conclude by arguing that in this context otherwise mundane notions of individual mobility, kinship obligations and ancestral place are infused with a sense of urgency, which takes on both existential and political significance.
Reproductive disorders in male workers under the influence of a chemical production factor
Authors: Fesenko Marina A. , Golovaneva Galina V. , Miteleva Tatyana Yu.
Published: September 2024

In recent decades, there has been a tendency in the world to decrease the qualitative and quantitative indicators of spermatogenesis, which can lead to a decrease in male fertility up to infertility, and become one of the main reasons for a decrease in the birth rate in the population.
The purpose of the study is to systematize scientific literature data on the influence of chemical production factors on the reproductive health of male workers. The researchers applied the method of analytical review of publications in scientific electronic libraries (Elibrary, MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus) on the effect of chemicals on the reproductive health of working men. The data of epidemiological, clinical and experimental studies are presented, indicating the vulnerability of the reproductive health of working men to the effects of chemicals both in production and in the environment.
During industrial exposure of male workers to a number of organic solvents, the authors revealed reproductive health disorders: changes in sperm motility and morphology, a decrease in qualitative and quantitative parameters of spermatozoa — under the action of glycol esters, acetone; an increase in the period before conception and pregnancy determination in the wives of workers who had contact with trichloro- and tetrachloroethylene; an increase in cell death (apoptosis) and disruption of the life cycle of spermatozoa — when exposed to benzene. During professional exposure to phthalates, scientists have identified a relationship between the level of the substance in the biological environment of the body of workers and a decrease in sperm quality, as well as a change in the ratio of testosterone and estradiol. The mechanism of sperm quality change is based on the action of free radicals, lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial dysfunction. There is a large number of works devoted to the professional effects of lead on the reproductive system of workers, and there is also some data on the effect of other metals — cadmium, mercury, boron, manganese, hexavalent chromium, aluminum on male reproduction. Experimental animal studies confirm the toxic effect of these metals on male gonads.
The main mechanisms of reproductive toxicity of pesticides in men are due to the fact that many pesticides are endocrine disruptors (destroyers), which, acting in the antenatal period or on the adult body, affect the processes of synthesis, secretion, metabolism, binding to hormone receptors that regulate, among other things, reproductive processes.
Researchers have statistically significant data that the presence of major pollutants in the ambient air can affect sperm parameters, their morphology, DNA fragmentation, as well as the level of sex hormones.
The protection of the reproductive health of male workers in the workplace is an urgent problem. It is necessary to further accumulate data and create comprehensive programs to study the reproductive health of male workers in order to develop preventive measures.
GDF5 gene polymorphism of Kalmyk cattle breed and it’s effect on exterior parameters
Authors:   Kalmyk State University named after B.B. Gorodovikov, Ubushieva V.S. , Natyrov A.K. ,   Kalmyk State University named after B.B. Gorodovikov, Badmaeva K.E. ,   Kalmyk State University named after B.B. Gorodovikov, Ubushieva A.V. ,   Kalmyk State University named after B.B. Gorodovikov, Chimidova N.V. ,   Kalmyk State University named after B.B. Gorodovikov
Published: September 2024

Purpose. Study of the influence of polymorphism of GDF5 gene of Kalmyk cattle on exterior characteristics. Materials and Methods. The polymorphism of the GDF5 gene was examined in 60 individuals of Kalmyk cattle breed belonging to the APC “Plodovitoe” of the Maloderbetovsky district of the Republic of Kalmykia. DNA samples were isolated from whole blood collected from the jugular vein using an automated extraction method. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to determine the T586C polymorphism of the GDF5 gene. Results. Among the studied herd of cattle, individuals with the TT genotype predominated - they accounted for 68.3% of the total. Animals with TC and CC genotypes accounted for 21.7 and 10.0%, respectively. The frequency of occurrence of the T allele of GDF5 gene was 0.792, which exceeded the frequency of the C allele (0.208) by 58.2%. The observed frequency of the TT and CC genotypes exceeded the expected ones by 5.6 and 5.7%, respectively. At the same time, the frequency of the TC genotype was lower than expected by 11.2%. Individuals with the TT genotype of the GDF5 gene were superior to their peers with the TC and CC genotypes in all measured parameters. Conclusion. TT genotype of GDF5 gene in the studied livestock of Kalmyk cattle breed, owned by the APC “Plodovitoye”, occurs with the highest frequency (0.683). A positive effect of the TT genotype of GDF5 gene on linear physique measurements of Kalmyk cattle was revealed.
Efficiency of feed additive use on laying hens
Authors:   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Andreev-Chadaev P.S. , Abramov S.V. ,   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Balyshev A.V. ,   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Gorlov I.F. ,   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Nevzorova A.A. ,   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Struk E.A. ,   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production
Published: September 2024

Purpose. Efficiency assessment of the use of feed additive with including in the diet of poultry. Materials and Methods. The conditions of keeping poultry corresponded to the sanitary and hygienic standards adopted in the farm on the basis of which the experiment was conducted, and the requirements of industrial cultivation technology. For the poultry, the planting density, microclimate parameters and lighting mode corresponded to the requirements of the cross. Feeding and watering were carried out in accordance with the rations and norms adopted in the farms. Compound feeds intended for poultry of the experimental groups were prepared separately, in accordance with the draft instructions for the feed additive Acidopul L. Results. When weighed on day 60, the average egg weight of the experimental group 1 exceeded the control analogues by 0.38 g or 0.6%, of the experimental group 2 – by 0.50 g or 0.8%. In terms of egg productivity, laying hens of the experimental group 1 exceeded control analogues by 0.38 eggs/head or 2.9%, of the experimental group 2 – by 0.70 eggs/head or 5.4%. According to the results of a biochemical study of the blood serum of laying hens, the control and experimental groups differed in total protein content: in the experimental group 1, the excess was by 4.15 g / l, or 11.5%, in the experimental group 2 – by 2.50 g / l or 6.0%. Over the entire observation period, the safety of livestock in experimental group 1 was 2.7% higher, in experimental group 2 – 3.6%. According to the intensity of pecking, the poultry of the experimental group 1 was inferior to the control analogues by 0.9%, the experimental group 2 – by 1.8%. Conclusion. The results of the conducted studies indicate that the feed additive Acidopul L in the recommended dosage regimen of 1 liter per ton of compound feed (experimental group 1), 2 liters per ton of compound feed (experimental group 2) is able to have a beneficial effect on poultry products in the form of improved livestock safety.
Effectiveness of use new feed additive in the diets of broiler chickens
Authors:   Ural Federal Agrarian Research Center Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Starikov N.M. , Nevzorova A.A. ,   International Research Center for Human, Animal and Environmental Health, Abramov S.V. ,   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Balyshev A.V. ,   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production
Published: September 2024

Purpose. Study the effectiveness of using Lecitomix feed additive in feeding broiler chickens throughout the entire technological cycle of keeping. Materials and Methods. The study was conducted on day-old broiler chickens of both sexes of Cobb-500 cross in the conditions of poultry farming in the Volgograd region. The duration of the experiment was 42 days. Experimental chickens in the amount of 387 heads were divided into 2 experimental and 1 control groups. In each of the experimental groups, Lecitomix feed additive was fed to the chickens as part of the feed mixture daily: 250 g (experimental group 1) and 500 g (experimental group 2) per 1 ton of feed. The poultry in the control group received feed that did not contain the studied feed additive. Weighing (10 animals from each experimental group) was carried out on the first day, on 21 and 42 days in order to assess the dynamics of broiler chickens live weight. Blood sampling was carried out on 42nd day of the experiment and its clinical and biochemical analysis was carried out to monitor physiological state of the experimental poultry. Generally accepted methods of zootechnical, morphological, biochemical, mathematical analysis and corresponding laboratory equipment, including URIT-3020 Vet Plus and URIT-800 Vet analyzers (China), were used in setting up the experiment and conducting scientific research. Results. Chickens of 1st and 2nd experimental groups exceeded poultry of control group for the entire experimental period in terms of average daily and absolute gains of live weight by 2.5 and 2.8%; amount of hemoglobin in the blood – by 4.0 (P≤0.05) and 4.4% (P≤0.05), erythrocytes – by 8.3 (P≤0.05) and 9.9% (P≤0.05); safety of poultry population – by 2.4 and 3.1%; digestibility of dry matter – by 1.7 and 2.9% (Р≤0.05), organic matter – by 3.1 (Р≤0.05) and 4.7% (Р≤0.001), crude protein – by 3.1 (Р≤0.001) and 5.0% (Р≤0.001), crude fat – by 2.6 (Р≤0.01) and 4,4% (Р≤0.001), crude fiber – by 12.0 (Р≤0.001) and 14.8% (Р≤0.001), nitrogen-free extractives – by 1.2 and 2.1%. Pecking incidents in experimental groups 1 and 2 of experimental broilers were lower than control chickens by 1.5 and 2.3%. Conclusion. The feasibility of using Lecitomix feed additive in industrial poultry farming to normalize metabolism, increase digestibility of diet nutrients, increase live weight and safety of broiler chickens has been confirmed.
Token-Centric Representations in Large Language Models: Analyzing Llama and Mistral Through the Lens of Rate-Distortion Theory
Authors: Itsuko Mamorato , Nishiki Kotoba , Maroshima Nikuta , Tenekara Ayumi
Published: September 2024

Token-centric representations play a crucial role in how language models understand and generate human language, influencing the accuracy and efficiency of various downstream tasks. The novel application of rate-distortion theory to analyze token representations offers a significant contribution to the understanding of how compression impacts the retention of linguistic information within language models. Through a systematic evaluation of two prominent models, Llama and Mistral, the study provides a detailed examination of the trade-offs between token compression and representational fidelity, revealing distinct patterns in their respective tokenization strategies. Experimental results demonstrated that Llama maintains a higher level of accuracy under increasing compression rates compared to Mistral, indicating a more robust tokenization approach. The analysis further demonstrates the importance of optimizing token embeddings to achieve scalable and adaptable models capable of performing a wide range of language processing tasks. The findings contribute to the broader discourse on model efficiency, offering a framework for the development of future models that balance complexity and performance effectively.
Slow but Steady: Similarities and Differences in Executive Functioning Between Autistic and Non-autistic Adults
Authors: Jertberg Robert , Begeer Sander , Geurts Hilde , Chakrabarti Bhismadev , Van der Burg Erik
Published: September 2024

Prior research has established differences between autistic and non-autistic individuals across the domains of executive function (EF). While some early theories portrayed these differences as universal to the autism spectrum, recent findings have been quite mixed. Factors like small samples, the components of EF being measured, age and intelligence quotient (IQ), and co-occurring conditions like Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) may contribute to this diversity in results. Moreover, performance over time might be expected to fluctuate in different patterns for autistic and non-autistic individuals, leading to differences in outcomes according to the length of experiments. To determine the extent of EF differences and whether these factors influence them, we recruited a sample of over 900 autistic and non-autistic participants (with generally average/above average IQ levels) from 18-77 years of age. They completed a battery of tasks measuring inhibition, cognitive flexibility, working memory, and attentional orienting to social and non-social cues. We found that performance was similar between groups in our primary measures of EF, although autistic participants were consistently slower, more susceptible to the effects of spatial cueing, and more prone to certain errors in the working memory task. Differences between groups were generally not influenced by participants’ age, gender, or IQ, and autistic participants with/without co-occurring ADHD performed similarly. Performance over time varied only in the working memory task. While autistic adults may still face related challenges in real life, these findings suggest that being autistic does not necessarily imply executive dysfunction on a basic cognitive level.
High Sovereign Debt and Social Solidarity in Advanced Economies
Authors: Bremer Björn , Cavaille Charlotte , de Blok Lisanne , de Vries Catherine
Published: September 2024

To keep borrowing costs down, indebted governments strive to signal their commitment to fiscal discipline. As a result, relatively low debt-servicing costs coexistwith preemptive fiscal adjustments and pessimistic rhetoric regarding the country'sfinances. We hypothesize that this combination erodes social solidarity toward immigrants and low-income households because it changes voters' perceptions of what the country can "afford". Using two video animations presenting a country's fiscal situation as either sustainable or unsustainable, we find no evidence that perceptions of debt (un)sustainability affect social solidarity in the hypothesized way. One possible explanation, we show, is fundamental uncertainty over the distributional implications of scale adjustment: unable to foresee the consequences of deteriorating public finances, people struggle to connect the dots in the ways originally hypothesized. Still, while opinions did not differ across treatment conditions, the likelihood of defending one's opinion in a letter to the government did, suggesting political engagement might be affected as people form beliefs about the sustainability of public finances.
Public Opinion Foundations of the Clean Energy Transition
Authors: Gazmararian Alexander F. , Mildenberger Matto , Tingley Dustin
Published: September 2024

Public attitudes are central to the clean energy transition. There is, however, theoretical ambiguity about how mass publics influence policy and the sources of their policy preferences. This has consequences for understanding decarbonization trajectories and the conditions that enable political reforms. Our review uses the recent turn to green industrial policy to clarify the origins and influence of public opinion in the clean energy transition. The political logic of green industrial policy leverages policy benefits to create allies, a strategy that will hinge on whether the public recognizes these gains and rewards politicians. The conclusion identifies new avenues for public opinion research prompted by the shifting climate policy strategies.
The essence of life - maintaining the system in a state of half-chaos
Authors: Gecow Andrzej
Published: September 2024

Half-chaos has unique properties that explain the essence of the life process and shift the range of allowed parameters of living object models, previously limited to the edge of chaos by the famous Kauffman hypothesis, to more adequate areas of chaos. It was detected by simulations of the evolution of dynamic complex networks, the descriptions of these studies are not simple. This simplified article (more in the book "Draft of the deductive theory of life") can significantly facilitate understanding the essence of half-chaos and the creation of description in the language of mathematics expected by mathematicians. Kauffman's hypothesis: 'life on the edge of chaos' is based on the statistical result of a model of fully random logical networks, but living objects are selected by a Darwinian mechanism, so they are not fully random. Also, limiting the model to two-state signals introduces a significant error in statistical studies. Kauffman's model allows two states of the system - either it is ordered and a small disturbance practically always fades out, or it is chaotic and a small disturbance causes practically always a large change in functioning. In between there is a narrow (in the system parameters) phase transition. In my research, the demand for a small attractor causes the system to cease to be fully random, and at the same time a third state appears – half-chaotic, in which small and large changes in functioning after a small disturbance have a similar share, even though the system parameters, if it were fully random, would give strong chaos. Leaving only the disturbing changes that give small changes in functioning does not lead out of the half-chaos state, it creates a Darwinian evolution of the system, it gives a definition of life. In the distribution of the size of changes in functioning, there is a large gap between small and large changes, which gives a natural limitation of small changes, a natural criterion of the identity of the evolving system and a criterion of elimination, which we did not have so far.
Raising educational outcomes for students with special educational needs and disabilities: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Van Herwegen Jo , Masterman Thomas , Dockrell Julie , Marshall Chloë , Gordon Rebecca , Thomas Michael
Published: September 2024

This systematic review and meta-analysis examined randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental design studies targeting interventions to improve educational outcomes for students with Special Educational Needs and Disabilities (SEND). It identified 467 global studies with 2,891 outcomes, and 349 studies with 1,758 outcomes were included in the meta-analysis. Outcomes included in the meta-analysis related to reading (n = 1139), writing (n = 279), maths (n = 284), science (n = 3), and general attainment (n = 53). Targeted interventions for specific SEND groups improved educational outcomes by an average of five months compared to control groups, with positive impacts on reading, maths, and writing. The setting (mainstream vs. special education) did not affect reading or writing outcomes, but mainstream students showed larger gains in maths. Intervention effects were consistent regardless of delivery method, implementor, or control group type. We discusses the impact of the findings, the research gaps, and future directions.
Why Self-Determination Theory Needs Computational Modelling: The Case of Competence and Optimal Challenge
Authors: Deterding Sebastian , Lintunen Erik Matias , Guckelsberger Christian , Ady Nadia M.
Published: September 2024

Computational modelling is a powerful tool to specify psychological theories, render them severely testable, and implement them into digital applications. Yet it has seen little uptake in Self-Determination Theory (SDT). Here, we demonstrate that SDT’s verbal definitions of competence and optimal challenge are underspecified in theoretically and practically relevant ways. Conceptual analyses of key texts identifies four verbal facets of competence definitions that need not co-occur and are inconsistently reflected in common self-report measures and operationalisations. Optimal challenge is insufficiently specified to be severely tested or implemented in practice, and entails a logical and empirical incoherence. Finally, SDT lacks a cognitive model of competence. We outline how computational modelling, inspired by the AI field of computational intrinsic motivation,can help resolve resulting issues.
Quantum theology, or: “Theologie als strenge Wissenschaft”
Authors: Penchev Vasil Dinev
Published: September 2024

The main idea consists in researching the existence of certain characteristics of nature similar to human reasonability and purposeful actions, originating and rigorously inferable from the postulates of quantum mechanics as well as from those of special and general relativity. The pathway of the “free-will theorems” proved by Conway and Kochen in 2006 and 2009 is followed and pioneered further. Those natural reasonability and teleology are identified as a special subject called “God” and studyable by “quantum theology”, a scientific counterpart of classical theology as far as the latter endeavors to justify rationally God (without quotation marks) postulated by religion, but meaning in the present study, first of all, Christianity. The suggested “quantum theology” is situated in the historical opposition and conflict of science and religion in Modernity and its reflection in Heidegger’s conception of “ontotheology”. The conception of “ontomathematics” introduced in previous papers to unite and unify physics, mathematics, and philosophy is reinterpreted in the present context to be conservatively generalized in a way to include “quantum theology”. Two conceptions, “locality” and “nonlocality”, originating initially from physics and especially, from theory of entanglement and quantum information, are also generalized ontomathematically, and thus in relation to the newly introduced “quantum theology”. The “quantum theology” subject of “God” is juxtaposed with God of religion and billions of believers all over the world. Husserl’s conception of “philosophy as a rigorous science” is considered to be generalized now to theology as quantum theology, particularly by the phenomenon (in the sense of his “phenomenology”) of “God”, or by an “epoché” to whether God exists or not. The research of the phenomenon of “God” is extended to the conception of the “totality” being inherent for philosophy, especially for classical German philosophy preceding Husserl’s phenomenology. Those sequences for philosophy implied by the introduction of quantum theology are investigated further, on the pathway of ontomathematics, also in relation to what “God” should mean for today’s physics and mathematics. The option and research field of “experimental quantum theology” is discussed as a direct corollary from quantum theology though being sacrilegious as for classical theology. The concluding section reflects in a more loose way on the relation of “God” for quantum theology to God for religion and billions of believers all over the world.
Strategi Pemasaran Usaha Ekspor Briket Arang Tempurung Kelapa pada PT. Taiba Cococha Indonesia
Authors: Effendi Al-Azhar Fitrah , Harimurti Cundo
Published: September 2024

This research was conducted to determine the marketing strategy of export businesses coconut shell charcoal briquettes at PT. Taiba Cococha Indonesia and obstacles and efforts made. This research uses the method qualitative research of a descriptive nature. Data collection from This research is by interview and observation. Data sources on This study used data collection techniques in this study the author made a direct visit to PT. Taiba Cococha Indonesia to conduct interviews. Marketing strategy of PT. Taiba Cococha Indonesia's doing so is by making various innovations by maximizing customer service and improving product quality coconut shell charcoal briquettes. Other strategies that conducted PT. Taiba Cococha Indonesia is by improving marketing through social media to reach a wider market.
An Examination of Digital Marketing as a Tool to Enhance Customer Engagement in the Hotel Industry: A Case Study of the Western Province, Sri Lanka
Authors: M.I. Madhushan , H.N. Abeywickrama , E.A.G. Sumanasiri
Published: September 2024

Purpose: In the digital age, marketing strategies are crucial for engaging customers. This study aims to evaluate how digital marketing enhances customer engagement in the hotel industry, focusing on Western Province in Sri Lanka. This study's primary objective is to assess the impact of digital marketing to enhance customer engagement in the hotel industry in Western Province, Sri Lanka. The study focuses on the influence of social media marketing, content marketing, and mobile marketing on customer engagement.
Design/methodology/approach: This quantitative study analyzes digital marketing's impact on customer engagement using data collected through an online survey with a structured questionnaire. Multiple regression analysis was employed to test three hypotheses and identify key factors influencing customer engagement in the hotel industry.
Findings: According to the findings, this research shows the relationship between digital marketing and customer engagement in the hotel industry. Therefore, from this study, social media marketing and customer engagement has positive relationships, Content marketing and customer engagement has positive relationships and finally Mobile marketing, and customer engagement have positive relationships.
Originality: The findings offer valuable insights for Sri Lanka's hotel industry, aiding managerial decisions and optimizing digital marketing strategies. The study emphasizes effective marketing strategies, understanding local audience preferences, and the importance of feedback for continuous improvement.
Implications: This study offers valuable insights into Sri Lanka's hotel industry, aiding managerial decisions and providing essential tools for digital marketing. It highlights effective strategies and local audience preferences, supports customer segmentation for personalized marketing, and underscores the significance of feedback for ongoing improvement in digital marketing strategies.
The Influence of Mobile App Store Ratings and Reviews on Download Intentions: A Study of Sri Lankan Consumers
Authors: A.D.S. Lakmali , S.D. Wijegunawardane
Published: September 2024

Purpose: This study aims to understand the impact of user reviews and ratings on mobile app download intention and the moderating impact of perceived usefulness on the strength of this relationship.
Design/methodology/approach: A scenario-based survey method was selected following the positivism research paradigm. For this purpose, 304 responses were collected using different versions of the same scenario.
Findings: The statistical results show that 37.5% of Sri Lankan consumers' mobile app download intention is explained by mobile app ratings and reviews, which have been found to be a significant influencing factor in potential users' intentions to download the app. However, perceived usefulness does not significantly moderate this relationship.
Originality: This study is the first attempt to understand the impact of user reviews and ratings on mobile app download intention in the Sri Lankan context.
Implications: The findings encourage Sri Lankan mobile app developers and owners to closely monitor and respond to user reviews and ratings to better meet user expectations and improve app ratings.
Uporaba dnevniških zapisov v namen profiliranja obremenitev spletne aplikacije
Authors: Unuchak Yauhen , Kljajić Borštnar Mirjana , Unuchak Tatyana
Published: September 2024

Zmogljivost spletnih aplikacij je pomembna za učinkovito delovanje in se običajno obravnava s testiranjem z ustreznimi orodji za testiranje zmogljivosti. Običajno se simulirajo pričakovane obremenitve, da bi ocenili delovanje in stabilnost sistema. V tem prispevku predstavljamo novo metodo za podporo profiliranju obremenitev, ki izboljšuje načrtovanje obremenitev spletnih aplikacij z analizo dejanskega vedenja uporabnikov. Na podlagi podatkov iz strežniških dnevnikov in algoritmov strojnega učenja identificiramo uporabniške vzorce, kar omogoča natančnejšo prilagoditev aplikacije realnim potrebam. Ta pristop retrospektivnega testiranja omogoča bolj realistično simulacijo uporabniških dejanj ter optimizacijo uporabe virov. Združevanje ekspertnih predpostavk z analizo dejanske uporabe vodi do bolj zanesljivega načrtovanja in optimizacije infrastrukture, kar izboljša delovanje aplikacij v realnih pogojih. Razvita metoda za podporo profiliranju obremenitev spletnih aplikacij na podlagi dnevniških zapisov omogoča zbiranje, čiščenje in pripravo dnevniških podatkov ter prepoznavanje skupin uporabnikov in njihovega obnašanja.