bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, Characterization and Anticancer Evaluation of Some New Heteroatom Compounds
Authors: Mohamed Rusol Jassem , Aowda Saadon Abdulla
Published: November 2020

This work deals with the preparation of high yield compounds by simple methods through two parts: the first part involves the preparation of compounds RU1 and RU3 by the reaction of melamine with chloroacetic acid in existence of sodium acetate. The second part includes the preparation of compounds RU2 and RU4 by the reaction of benzidine with chloroacetic acid. The reactions were followed by TLC and the prepared compounds were characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR techniques. The prepared compounds show a good biological activity against MCF-7.
Spectral estimation and biological activity study of Amoxicillin by using modified nanoparticles and application to some of their pharmaceutical preparations
Authors: Barrak Mohammed Hasan , Al-Rufaie Mohauman Mohammad , Rasool Jawad Aymen Abdul
Published: November 2020

This study included a simple, fast and sensitive method for estimating Amoxicillin (AMOX) in its pure state and in some of its pharmaceutical preparations, this method depends on the modified nanoparticles through oxidation and reduction reactions, With polyvinylpyrrolidone as a stabilizer in a base medium of sodium hydroxide, the (AMOX) drug act as effective reducing agents to dilute the ore mineral salt from silver nitrate (Ag +) to silver nanoparticles, the highest absorption of the oxidation-reduction reaction product of amoxicillin appears at 420 nm. the calibration curve was measured and the following information was calculated and showed compliance with the Beer-Lambert Law within the focus range 0.75-57.5 parts per million. Molar absorptivity was 9.3526 x 10−3L / mol.cm, and Sandal’s sensitivity was 0.0448 μg/cm2, the standard deviation rate was 0.016%, and the correlation coefficient is 0.9994. The biological effect on some Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was studied and the results were positive in the efficacy of the samples prepared on these bacteria.
The effect of cobalt element addition on the characteristics of equiatomic NiTi shape memory alloy
Authors: Mohammed Safa H. , Aljubouri Ali A. , Mohammed Mudhafer A.
Published: November 2020

The influence of cobalt addition on the transformation temperatures, microstructure, and micro-hardness of equiatomic NiTi shape memory alloy was studied. The alloys composition was (50 % at. Ni, 50% at. Ti) and (43.45 % at. Ni, 54.728 % at. Ti and Co 1.815 % at.). Vacuum induction melting method is used to produce the shape memory alloys. The investigation of the characteristics of the samples was carried out using, scanning electron microscope conducted with energy dispersive X- ray spectrometer, differential scanning calorimeter, x-ray diffraction measurement and vickers micro-hardness testing. The results show the microstructure of two alloys contain Ti2Ni precipitate phase, the martensite phase layers increase with cobalt addition. The micro-hardness increased, the austenite starts temperature and austenite finish temperature decreases, and thermal hysteresis becomes narrower, after adding a small amount of cobalt.
The effect of adding conductive polymers to the efficiency of silicon solar cells
Authors: Abood Morooj A. , Jabor Ashwaq A. , Abbas Khansaa khuder , Sapte Eman
Published: November 2020

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophenei) poly(styrenesulfonate) (BEDOT:PSS) and Poly Aniline (PANI) thin films was grown onto silicon solar cells by Dip-coating deposition method at thickness (100 nm). The optical properties were studied by using UV-V is absorption spectra. The surface morphology of the films was characterized by a scanning electron microscope SEM and the current–voltage characteristics of solar were measured, Values from 8.64, 7.21 by type of conductive polymers.
Determination of radiological hazards resulting from natural radiological activity in soil samples in Al Azizia district in Wasit Governorate, Iraq
Authors: Oleiwi Mohanad H. , Mustafa Rami K. , Oraibi Afrah H.
Published: November 2020

This work aims to measure the concentrations of radionuclides of natural radioactivity of the three elements (40K, 238U, and 232Th), were determined in 24 soil samples, collected from Al- Azezia district of Wasit Governorate. They were studied and then evaluated. The standard sources are used for calibration of radiation activity by gamma spectrometer NaI (TI). The radioactivity of natural isotopes 40K, 238U and 232Th has been estimated. The results showed the radio activities of element in this study were within the acceptable standard levels. In addition, the radium equivalent activity, average air volume, annual effective dose rate and external risk index were assessed and found to be among the internationally tolerable values. The radioactivity of nuclides of 40K, 238U and 232Th in Al- Azezia district were calculated. The radioactivity of, 238U ranged from (0. 60±1. 71) to (17. 69 ±4. 70) Bq / kg with an average of (9. 145±3. 20) Bq / kg, while it was for 232Th ranged from (14. 55±1. 64) to (42. 386+1. 95) Bq / Kg with an average of (30. 42±2. 31) Bq / Kg and40K ranged from (119. 252+2. 06)to(170. 562+2. 74)Bq / kg with an average (146. 438+2. 40) Bq / Kg also, it is found that the average of radiological effects like the radium equivalent (Raeq), the absorbed dose Rate (Dr), external hazard index (Hex), internal hazard index (Hin), representative gamma hazard index (Iγ), the effective dose equivalent (AEDE) lifetime the excess cancer risk (ELCR) due to natural radioactivity in soil samples for depth(0-15)cm were (66. 63±5. 37) Bq/Kg and (27. 18±1. 91) nGy/h, (0. 36±0. 01), (0. 69±0. 02), (0. 48±0. 02). (0. 66 ±0. 02) and (0. 30±0. 01) x10−3respectively, there for no significant radiological hazard in Al- Azezia district.
Electrical and Structural properties of (ZnTiO3)/Epoxy System Nanocomposite Thin films
Authors: Shakir Warqaa A. , Hilal Israa H. , Jabbar Rashid H.
Published: November 2020

Spin coating technique using to prepare two layers of epoxy reinforced by weight (0Wt%,1Wt%,2Wt%,3Wt%,4Wt%) nano ZnTiO3additives uniform thin films with a fixed thickness of (0.7 ☐m) on glass floors at room temperature, dispersion and magnetic stirring techniques are used to prepare the nanocomposites thin films. The purpose of this study was to produce a new modified polymer (ZnTiO3/Epoxy) nanocomposite thin films then evaluate electrical and structural properties of these thin films. The electrical properties of thin films have a degree effect temperature on the resistance (R) of thin films within the range (303- 433) k or (30-160) C0. Electrical conductivity and activation energy of the thin film was calculated where the results indicate that there is a two activation energy and this means there is two mechanisms connection. It is also shown by measurements of the effect of the whole (ZnTiO3/Epoxy) nanocomposite thin films have a connection from the negative type (n-type). Stractural properties include XR-D and SEM. XRD, show crystal structure of zinc titanite (ZnTiO3) nano powder. Scanning electron microscopy SEM, show clearly analysis for different weight ratio affected thin films surfaces.
Estimation of Organs Doses for People (Male and Female) Exposed to Indoor Radon in Al-Najaf
Authors: Abdulwahid Talib A. , Abojassim Ali Abid , Ali Bakir Hussien Abid , Hassan Adhraa Baqir
Published: November 2020

In this paper, the radon concentrations in the houses of (10) locations were measured using real-time continuous radon monitor RAD-7 detector together with estimating the corresponding female and male organ doses using Monte Carlo (MC) simulation software at Al- Najaf city-Iraq. It is found that the radon concentrations varied from (8.75±1.1 Bq/m3) to (32.32±4.0 Bq/m3 with an average (20.57±2.90 Bq/m3). The resulted data for male reveal that the bladder received the highest dose at 9.78E-05 μGy/h in Missan, while the salivary gland was noticed to have the highest dose in each of Jmhorria, Adalh, Saad and Milad regions with dose rates of 4.65E-05, 3.59E-05, 5.72E-05 and 3.45E-05 μGy/h respectively. In Asskry Najaf regions the highest dose was seen to be with the Lung with 9.30E-05 μGy/h. In Asskiry Kufa and Mutnaby the highest organ doses were attributed to the bone surface at 9.73E-05 and 9.62E-05 μGy/h respectively. In Tmoz and Sirai regions, the highest organ doses were with Extrathor airways and thyroid at 6.64E-05 and 9.65E-05 μGy/h respectively. By contrast, the female findings reveal the doses for all organs and across all considered neighborhoods ranged from 1. E-04 μGy/h to 9E-05 μGy/h. Finally, it can be concluded that all results of radon concentrations in ten locations samples were within the range allowed according to ICRP. The organ doses seem to be very low which in turn reduce the concern realted to the effect of radiation.
Measurement of Natural Radioactivity in different cigarettes samples by using (HPGe) detector
Authors: Abbas Shaemaa A. , Hassan Saja F. , Karim Mahmood S.
Published: November 2020

Twelve samples of cigarettes have been collected from local markets of different types and origins by using (HPGe) detector, and measurement of the specific activity for series U238 and series Th232 in addition to K40 in order to estimate the health risk of cigarettes their by smokers, the results shown that highest specific activity value were be (12. 8±6. 3 Bq/kg, 8. 41±5. 8 Bq/kg, 125. 16±58. 3 Bq/kg), respectively, in the sample (MAC) MacBeth type cigarettes in Brazilian origin, this paper reports data such as (specific activity of K40, series U238, series Th232 and some parameters hazard indices) on the radioactivity of tobacco leaves so as to know contaminate those cigarettes in natural radioactivity and Suitability of its use by smokers.
The Use of Aerosol Optical Properties in Identification of Dust Sources in Iraq
Authors: Al-Dabbagh Sama K.
Published: November 2020

In recent years, dust events in Iraq become very frequent due to its emission from active local dust sources or transportation from abroad. This study aims to identify dust sources in Iraq for the period (1st January, 2005 to 31 December, 2016) using mean of monthly mean of the aerosol optical properties including Deep Blue Aerosol Optical Depth(DB-AOD), Deep Blue Angstrom Exponent(DB-AE) and UV Positive Absorption Aerosol Index(AAI) acquired from space borne instruments including MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) for both Aqua and Terra, Multiangle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) and Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI), considering the dust aerosols having values of AOD>0.5, AE<0.5 and AI>0.7 based on the predefined thresholds. The results show that Al-Jazira and the southern region of Iraq considered as significant dust sources most of the year, with the absence of active dust sources in December, January, October and November. While spring and summer months show many active dust sources in the Alluvial plain, western plateau, southern and southeastern parts of Iraq with high AOD, low AE and high AAI especially in April, May, June and July. MISR/AOD shows lower values of MODIS-DB in Iraq along months of the years, which could be due to the insufficient coverage over dust regional sources compared to MODIS.
Detection and Classification of Brain LesionDepending on Statistical Features Textural Analysis
Authors: Mazher Alaa N. , Naeemah Maysaa. R. , Ali Alyaa H.
Published: November 2020

The early detection of brain lesion which includes the stroke (Hemorrhage and Ischemic) and cancer helps the doctors to overcome the health problem in the future. The correct diagnose may save many people from death. the medical image processing including the supervised classification “support vector machine”, “the gray level neighbors matrix”, “Fisher’s Discrimination Ratio(FDR)” and the Accuracy matrix to detect and classify the brain lesion, twenty twocomputed tomography (CT) brain images have been taken with size 512×512. This methods provides very good diagnosis of the brain lesion, the accuracy for cancer detection is 98%, for the Hemorrhage is 96%, for the ischemic 99% and normal 90%.
The effect of different multiwall carbon nanotubes concentration on morphology, optical, and electrical properties used as flexible anode
Authors: Khalid Abeer H. , Abdulsattar Mudar Ahmed , Hussain Zainab T. , Jabor Ashwaq A.
Published: November 2020

Spin coating technique has been used to deposit various concentration of Multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) thin films on flexible substrate of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as electrode, the study shows the effect of (1, 2, 3 mg/ml) concentration of (MWCNTs) thin films, by AFM, optical and electrical measurements which is indicate that the best concentration is2 mg/ml according to (2, 3D) images, which shown widespread and regular spread of CNTs, low absorption of wavelengths (400, 550, 700 nm) at low concentrations, and compatible increase of responsivity with increased current for PET-MWCNTs/MEH-PPV:MWCNTs/AL as photodetector device.
The Semi-empirical equation to calculate stopping power of the electrons in human blood and skin tissues
Authors: Kadhim Rashid O. , Al-Mashhadani Asia H. , Razzaq Doaa F.
Published: November 2020

In this work the mass stopping power electron(MSPE) in human blood and skin tissues for electrons at energy range from 0.01MeV to 1000MeV are calculated in MeV cm2/g unit by summation the collisional SPE with adding density effect (δ) and radiative SPE contributions. Through using the Bragg’s additively rule for compound targets (Z/A) and from semi-empirical (SPE) equations in terms of kinetic energy E(MeV) for electrons in the ranges of the low energies from 0.01MeV to 0.7MeV and the high energies from 0. 7MeV to 1000MeV then have been fitted by a three-parameter approximation written by MALAB2016 language. From fitting results with experimental SPE data calculated using ESTAR program and the error ration and correlation coefficient are calculated. All the results of these equations were compared with ESTAR program data and written by MALAB2016 language. The purpose of this paper is equipping up to date mass SPE information, with focus on the requirements of electron beam therapy (EBT) where electrons are directed to a tumor position.
Preparing nano silver particles (Ag NPs) by laser and studying the possibility of diagnosing cancer
Authors: Ali N. Th. , Hindal S. S. , Saad H. F. , Jabr N. K. , Hussain Dh. R. , Sekp A.M.
Published: November 2020

This research aims to prepare nanosilver (AgNPs) solution by using an Nd: YAG laser and implement it in diagnosing tumors in different vitro-tissues. Various properties of nano and coated particles were studied as well as the properties of used Nd: YAG laser. Then, the various tissues were studied by different microscopes before and after treatment. This research was carried out on two stages, the first stage included preparing the nanoparticles by exposing the pure silver target (99.98%) to laser Nd: YAG of (1000 mjoule and 6 Hz), where the light was centered on the silver target by exploitation the lens of focal length (ten cm). within the second stage, silver nanoparticals were used to diagnose the infected tissues by using a laser. At first, the nano silver solution was injected into the infected tissues then exposing them to continuous laser diode of ( 410nm) and power of (500 m watt) and take an image by transmission microscope and reflection microscopy of the tissues before and after treatment. The optical and structural properties of nano silver solution were studied by using FTIR, XRD,(UV-VIS spectrophotometer), optical, AFM and SEM microscopes. Images of transmission and reflection microscopes show a noticeable change in tissue morphology. Where most of the tissue spaces were filled with nano solution and an outstanding glowing appeared after injection which good evidence for the possibility of using this solution in diagnosing the infected parts of the tissue.
Spectral Numerical Algorithm for Solving Optimal Control Using Boubaker-Turki Operational Matrices
Authors: Jalal Rasha , Shihab Suha , Alhadi Mohammed Abed , Rasheed Mohammed
Published: November 2020

The aim of the present research is to propose a spectral method for solving optimal control problem indirectly using Boubaker - Turki polynomial functions as basis functions. To achieve this goal, explicit representation formulas for some interesting operational matrices for Boubaker - Turki polynomials functions are first derived which play an important role in dealing with the problem of optimal control. They are operational matrix of derivative, operational matrix of product. By applying the obtained operational matrices and spectral scheme, the main problem is transformed to a set of linear algebraic equations that greatly simplifies the problem. The presented method in details by solving numerical example has been investigated. A new recursive relation of the Boubaker - Turki and Chebyshev polynomials of the second kind as well as a general formula for power function as a linear combination of the Boubaker - Turki polynomial are also included in this work.
Electrochemical Biosensors for Determination of Anticancer Medicine Etoposide in Human Blood by Glassy Carbon Modified Electrode Based on Film of Poly (L-Lysine) with MWCNTS
Authors: Majeed Mohammed I. , Al-Jawadi Eman A. M.
Published: November 2020

Sensitive, selective and reproducible electrochemical sensors were developed for the electroanalysis of Etoposide (anticancer drug) based on L-lysine film, using the PLY-MWCNTS/GCE sensor. The PLY-MWCNTSs films on modified electrode exhibited very good conductivity. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) was applied to examine the electrochemical behavior of PLY film and electrochemical response toward ETO. The PLY-MWCNTS/GCE sensor for detection of the ETO and also the experimental parameters such as film thickness, solution pH, time and accumulation potential were optimized. The obtained LOD of 1.6×10−11 M is the lowest LOD, compared to LODs reported in the literature [31] for detection of ETO, using electrochemical techniques. This method was successfully applied for direct determination of ETO, and tested for human blood sample with high specificity, and sensitivity.
Yearly effective dose due to consumption of wild black fungus grow in southern Iraq assessed by measuring of radionuclide concentrations
Authors: Mohammed Raghad S. , Ahmed Rasha S.
Published: November 2020

Wide range of studies have been conducted around the word focusing on the evaluation of radionuclide concentrations in foodstuff. This work focusing on the estimation of the annual effective dose due to radionuclide activity in Iraqi wild fungus, specifically black desert truffles. The fungus have been collected from the desert of As Samawah governorate in the south of Iraq as it is grow in a large amount. The average activity concentrations for 238U, 232Th, 40K and 137Cs were 3.95, 2.53, 260.36 and 1.78 Bqkg
−1 respectively in all 10 collected truffle samples. The average annual effective doses from 238U ingestion were 0.36 and 0.54, from 232Th ingestion were 1.16 and 1.47, from 40K ingestion were found to be 3.23 and 319.20 and from 137Cs were 0.05 and 0.04 μSv year−1 in adults and children respectively. The measured values were less than the assessed world mean value from the exposure caused by natural radionuclide ingestion that documented in the literature (0.29 mSv year−1).
Analyse the Effect of Islamic Derivatives during Financial Crises of 2008 Using Data Envelopment Analysis
Authors: Asaad Al Ukaily L. Hanan Abdul Jabbar
Published: November 2020

There is a very broad debate recently on the competence of Islamic financial derivatives in banks as a risk management tool better than traditional financial derivatives in conventional banks. The economic crisis that occurred in 2008 was a real measure to prove or deny this claim. In terms of bank performance, this research empirically compares Islamic and traditional banks, to evaluate the feasibility and efficiency of Islamic and traditional banks. The Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) as statistical approach used in this research. The Kuwaiti banks were selected as a case study for the period 2006-2011 because it cover the period before and after the financial crisis of 2008. The data obtained from the Scope website, the annual accounts from banks, the IMF database, PhD studies and other tools. The research showed that Kuwait’s traditional banks were higher in efficiency and performance before the 2008 financial crisis, but the Islamic banks made a better performance afterwards. However, Islamic and traditional banks are subject to a comparable degree of risk, but different in nature; and the Islamic banks are less safe to financial shocks than conventional banks are. Since Islamic banks are unable to charge a fixed, standardized return and are unable to borrow from the financial market, Islamic banks may face more risk and unpredictable asset returns. The implication of these facts of the over-management modernisation of Islamic banks is important in order to reach a higher degree of efficiency. It will give Islamic banks an advantage over the traditional bank. For traditional banks, they need to invent specific strategies to reduce costs and retain their market position.
Synthesis, Characterization, Antibacterial study and Efficiency of Inhibition of New di-β-enaminone Ligand and its Complexes
Authors: Ahmed Awf A. R. , Waheed Enass J. , Numan Ahmed T.
Published: November 2020

The new ligand [3,3’-(1,2-phenylenebis(azanediyl))bis(5,5-dimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-one)] (L) derived from 5,5-Dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione with 1,2-phenylenediamine was used to prepare a new chain of metal complexes of Mn(ii), Co(ii), Ni(ii), Cu(ii), Cd(ii) and Zn(ii) by inclusive formula [M(L)]Cl2. Characterized compounds on the basis of 1H, 13CNMR (for ligand (L)), FT-IR and U.V spectrum, melting point, molar conduct, %C, %H and %N, the percentage of the metal in complexes %M, Magnetic susceptibility, thermal studies (TGA), while its corrosion inhibition for (plain steel) in tap water is studied by weight loss. These measurements proved that by (O and N) atoms in the ligand, the metal ions are coordinated in a tetra dentate form and the tetrahedral structure of these complexes is suggested. Using the pathogenic bacteria such as (Escherichia coli) (G−) and (Staphylococcus aurous) (G+) and fungi (Candida albicans) and (Trichomoniasis), the anti-microbial action of both (L) and their complexes was studied by diffusion method.
Evaluation of radiation doses resulting from the use of x-rays in mammography
Authors: Alhamd M. W. , Al-tameemi J.M. , Majthoob B.M.
Published: November 2020

Breast cancer threatens a large proportion of the world’s women to die annually and does not know the exact causes of this disease. Among these causes is an increase in the surface radiation dose absorbed by the breast during the examination. The research included estimating the ESDpp surface admission dose in the presence of the patient as well as measuring the ESDpa surface entry dose by the absence of the patient and the same previous conditions of voltage and exposure (mAs), background scattering factor for the rays, and calculating the glandular dose rate (AGD) after finding the value of the conversion factor appropriate to the test conditions Given in the standard tables (Ec. 1996a), quality assurance measurements. The paper was done using (Dosimax) and the ionization room (Unfors). The study was conducted in Baghdad Teaching Hospital and Alzafaranya Hospital using two advanced Giotto devices, and it included a number of patients (20 patients) by (10 patients) in each hospital and used compressed breast thickness (CBT) of 60 cm, 70 cm respectively in each of the two sites. The study showed that the maximum values of the ESDpp and ESDpa surface admission dose measured using the (Dosimax) device and the ionization chamber, respectively, do not exceed its value (21mGy). The mean glandular dose rate AGD, the maximum values are (4.1mGy).
Enumeration of n-connected ominoes inscribed in an abacus using ECO
Authors: Mohommed Eman F
Published: November 2020

ECO is enumeration of combinatorial objects based on local expansion called succession rule which can be translate in to generating function. This research aims to use the design structure of nested chain abacus 픑 proposed by Mohommed in 2019, 2020 to construct a succession rule. Furthermore, based on this rule, generating function will be development.
Investigation of the State Vectors and Prediction of the Orbital Elements for Spot-6 Satellite during 1300 periods with Perturbations
Authors: Saleh Abdulrahman H. , Abdulla Fouad M.
Published: November 2020

Computer simulations were carried out to investigate the dependence of the main perturbation parameters (Sun and Moon attractions, solar radiation pressure, atmosphere drag, and geopotential of Earth) on the orbital behavior of satellite. In this simulation, the Cowell method for accelerations technique was adopted, the equation of motion with perturbation was solved by 4th order Runge-Kutta method with step (1/50000) of period to obtain the state vectors for position and velocity. The results of this simulation have been compared with data that available on TLEs (NORD data in two line elements). The results of state vectors for satellites (Cartosat-2B, Gsat-14 and Spot-6) shows excellent correlation and this is leading us to extend our study for (spot-6) satellite to include the orbital behavior during 13000 periods under the effect of one type of perturbation or all types. The results indicate that all perturbation have clear effect on spot-6 orbit, reduced the perigee and apogee about 3 Km. during 89 days, also the time of period reduced 4.7 sec. Other conclusions present that the perigee angle increases 28.01 degree with any perturbation accept SRP. Furthermore, the geopotential have a big periodic effect but the atmospheric drag have accumulated effect on most orbital elements.
Structural and Optical Characterization of Sprayed nanostructured Indium Doped Fe2O3Thin Films
Authors: Ali Reem S , Mohammed Musaab K , Khadayeir Abdulhussain A , Abood Ziad M , Habubi Nadir F , Chiad Sami S
Published: November 2020

Nanostructured pure and Indium doped iron oxide thin films were deposited via spray pyrolysis technique (SPT). The effects of Indium (2 and % 4) concentration was studied. X-ray diffraction patterns disclosed that Fe2O3films have a rhombohedral crystalline of α-Fe2O3 phase and their crystallite size was vary from (12.13 – 13.84) nm with Indium content. The strain(%) parameter decrease from 28.57 to 25.04, AFM images of films show changes in morphology with decreased in surface roughness from 2.75 nm to 1.7 nm with Indium 4% doping, The 3-D images and grain size distribution are illustrated that they exhibit spherical nano-grains ranged from 72.72 nm for pure Indium to 51.22 nm for 4% Indium doped Fe2O3. The transmittance decreases with increasing Indium concentration. The bandgap energy of Fe2O3thin film was 2.75 eV and it decreases to 2.55 eV for Fe2O3:4% In.
Influence of Heat Transfer on MHD Oscillatory Flow for Eyring-Powell Fluid with Variable Viscosity Through a Porous Medium
Authors: Hadi Lqaa Tareq , Gaze Salih Al–Khafajy Dheia
Published: November 2020

The aim of this paper is the effect of heat transfer on the oscillating flow of the hydrodynamics of magnetizing Eyring-Power fluid with variable viscosity through a porous medium for two kinds of geometries “Poiseuille flow and Couette flow”. We used “perturbation technique” to obtain a clear formula for fluid motion. The results that obtained are illustrated by graphs.
Upper and Lower βI-Continuous Multifunctions
Authors: Hussein Adiya K.
Published: November 2020

In this paper, a new type of I-continuous multifunctions, namely βI –continuous multifunction, are presented and discussed. Characterizations, some properties and applications of these functions are offered. Further its relations with other kinds of ideal–continuity of multifunctions are explored.
Second Hankel Determinant for Certain Subclasses of Bi-univalent functions
Authors: AL-Ameedee Sarah A , Atshan Waggas Galib , AL-Maamori Faez Ali
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we have investigated the upper bound for the second hankel determinant for some subclasses of bi-univalent functions in open unit disc U by using Chebyshev polynomials.
A new upper bound for the largest complete (k, n)-arc in PG(2, 71)
Authors: Yaseen Mustafa T. , Ali Ali Hasan
Published: November 2020

In this current work, we are presenting a new upper bound for some mn
(2, 71). Generally, In the projective plane in the two dimensional projective geometry of order q (briefly denoted by PG(2, q)) over a selected field F

q
of a q number of components, a (k, n)-arc can be defined as the set

K

of k number of points having mostly n number of points on any selected line of the plane. Therefore, this work can be done after determining what is k such that

K

becomes complete, as well as, these K values are not included in a (k +1, n)-arc. Particularly, finding a value that represents the largest existent value k for a complete

K

, that can be written as mn
(2, q). In this current projective plane, the blocking set represents the complement of a (k, n)-arc

K

in the two dimensional projective geometry of order q with s = q + 1 - n.
Electrophoresis Deposition of Tungsten oxide Nanoparticles for Corrosion Inhibition
Authors: Salman Taghried A. , Raheem Haider M.
Published: November 2020

In the present research, electrophoretic deposition technique (EPD) was used to deposit tungsten oxide (WO3) nanoparticles onto galvanized steel from a tungsten oxide ethanol suspension at various concentrations of (1.7×10−2, 2.5×10−2and 3.4×10−2M) for corrosion protection application. The (WO3) nano coating was used as a barrier layer for the corrosion protection of galvanized steel in saline solution. (WO3) nanoparticles were characterized by measuring the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-Visible and X-ray diffraction techniques. The morphology of the (WO3) nanoparticles was investigated using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Results indicated that (WO3) nanoparticles layer was efficiently deposited onto galvanized steel using (EPD), also, the deposited nanoparticles film was found to be homogenous and smooth. (EPD) and the partial reduction of the (WO3) nanoparticles occurred simultaneously under the applied electrical fields. Moreover, the anti-corrosion performance of the (WO3) nanoparticles –EPD layers was characterized using Tafel polarization method. Polarization studies identified the coated (WO3) nanoparticles behave as a mixed type inhibitor. Protection efficiencies data were increased as the (WO3) nanoparticles concentrations and temperature increased, indicating chemisorption protection mechanism.
Theoretical Study of the Azo Dye Derived From 2-[6-(benzimidazolyl)azo]-2,4-di chloro phenol and Its Metal Complexes
Authors: Hatem O A , Al-Adilee K J , Hatem B A
Published: November 2020

Metal complexes of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) of the azo dye ligand derived from 2-[6-(benzimidazolyl)azo]-2,4-di chloro phenol have been theoretically study in order to determine their stability, geometrical and electronic properties. Electrochemical potential, electrophilicity index and chemical hardness were calculated based on the energy level of high occupied molecular orbital HOMO and the energy level of low unoccupied molecular orbital LUMO of the ligand and metal complexes. The experimental electronic spectral and IR data were compared with the theoretically calculated data. Global reactive descriptors for (BIADClP) ligand and Its metal complexes in order to predict some important properties of the metal complexes.
Facile one-pot solvothermal technique to synthesis ZnS / graphene nanoplatelets (0.2) nanocomposites
Authors: Hamza Aws. M. , Yousif Qahtan. A.
Published: November 2020

In this work, we report the fabrication of ZnS / graphene nanoplatelets (0.2) nanocomposites (ZnS/G(0.2)) by a simple step solvothermal manner. The nanocomposite with weight ratio (0.2) of graphene nanoplatelets was prepared and characterized by several techniques. X-Ray diffraction measurements have shown three sharp peaks at (111) ‘(220) ‘(311) Miller indices, which referred to Sphalerite and Wurtzite phases of the cubic face. The average crystal sizes of 11.03 nm to 14.41 nm for ZnS nanoparticles. The graphene nanoplatelets enhanced crystallinity properties of prepared nanocomposites. Fourier-transform infrared and Raman spectrums confirm formation of ZnS nanoparticles and ZnS/G(0.2) nanocomposites. Furthermore, FESEM was performed to study morphology and structure of nanocomposites. BET isotherm, and the BJH method have given information consistent with Type V with the H3 hysteresis loops. Moreover, the results have supported the effective change in the surface area, pore-volume, pore diameter, and external surface area values.
Analytical Detection Methodsfor PVC Thin Films Degradation Containing Different Concentrations of Diphenylenehydramine
Authors: Hammza Rana A.
Published: November 2020

The head to tail structure of normal PVC should be quite stable to UV radiation. However, the presence of polymer chains abnormalities in the responsible for the relative instability of PVC to light. Therefore, many attempts have been taken to investigate and elevate the photostability PVC. In this work, diphenylenehydramine compound had been used as a photostabilizer to PVC films with different concentrations and its efficiency was evaluated by weight loss percentage, carbonyl index methods after 60 hour of irradiation and surface morphology of PVC.
Synthesis and Antioxidant Activity Evaluation of New Organic Reagent 2-[2—_(5-Nitro thiazolyl)azo]-4,6-dimethoxy benzoic acid (NTADMBA)
Authors: AL-Adilee Kh J , Al-Hayder L S Jasim , Essa Sh M
Published: November 2020

This study concerned synthesis and characterized new organig reagent 2-[2—(5-nitro thiazolyl)azo]-6.4 dimethoxy benzoic acid (NTADMBA) and also its antioxidant, biomolecule protective. The organig reagent was characterized by FTIR, NMR and mass spectroscopy. The antioxidant tests showed the enhanced potency of E. coli bacteria. the study suggests that the organig reagent (NTADMBA) herb unequivocally is a potential source of antioxidants and could aid in alleviating oxidative stress-mediated disorders.
Laser Irradiation Effect on The Optical Properties of CoO2Thin Films deposited via Semi-Computerized Spraying System
Authors: Al-Helaly Mushtaq Talib , Al-Tememee Nathera A.
Published: November 2020

In this paper deals with the effect laser irradiation on the optical properties of cobalt oxide (CoO2) thin films and that was prepared using semi computerized spray pyrolysis technique. The films deposited on glass substrate using such as an ideal value concentration of (0.02)M with a total volume of 100 ml. With substrate temperature was (350 C), spray rate (15 ml/min).The XRD diffraction given polycrystalline nature with Crystal system trigonal (hexagonal axes). The obtained films were irradiated by continuous green laser (532.8 nm) with power 140 mW for different time periods is 10 min,20min and 30min. The result was that the optical properties of cobalt oxide thin films affected by laser irradiation where the absorbance, absorbance coefficient, extinction coefficient and the realε1and imaginaryε2part of the dielectric constant of the films increases after laser irradiation. While the Transmittance and refractive index decrease with laser irradiation. The optical energy gap was decreased from (1.89 eV to 1.6 eV) after laser irradiation, and this is a good variation of bandgap values for photovoltaic applications.
Medicinal Applications of Coordination Complexes
Authors: Mohammed Hasan Shamran , Tripathi Vishwa Deepak
Published: November 2020

Coordination compounds and organometallics have very special place in chemistry due to their different structural arrangements and application in various fields. They also play vital role in biological system particularly in human and plant life. The blood oxygen carrier haemoglobin is a coordination compound of iron which is essential for human life, also the chlorophyll is a coordination compound of magnesium essential for plant the life and the continuation of the life on this planet. These compounds are not only biologically important but also comprise a group of drug like molecules and medicines. Coordination compounds such as platinum, palladium and ruthenium complexes are anti-cancer drugs. Also, many of the coordination compounds are anti-bacterial. The coordination compounds have been showed effective behaviour against many diseases like Alzheimer’s and malaria. Recently coordination compounds used as antivirus such as coronavirus. In present review, we highlighted the most important coordination complexes that show a significant role in the field of medicine.
Preparation characterization and application of Chitosan nanoparticles as drug carrier
Authors: Jabbar Almukhtar Jubran G. , Karam Faiq F.
Published: November 2020

To improve the therapeutic efficacy of Mebeverine Hydrochloride (MB.HCl) medication, this study was worked on by reducing the drug dosages while maintaining the level of the drug inside the patients’ body. The best treatment results are achieved by loading the drug through a medicated drug carrier that is Chitosan nanoparticle (CSNPs) and preparation was done by Ionic gelation method which including reaction between binding material Sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) and Chitosan (CS) which was extracted from shrimp shells. The drug was loaded by Chitosan nanoparticles and the proof was done by using several techniques, namely FT-IR and X-ray diffraction spectrum, the size of particles was determined before and after loading using Particle size analyzer, also use the FE - SEM emission electron scanning microscope where the results showed the success of preparing a drug carrier and MB.HCl was loading on Chitosan nanoparticles.
Selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol by reduced graphene oxide supported platinum nanoparticles
Authors: Altaee Hadeel , Alshamsi Hassan Abbas
Published: November 2020

The Pt / rGO nanocatalyst was synthesized by the immobilization method by deposition of platinum nanoparticles on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as a support material. The support (rGO) was prepared from the reduction of graphene oxide (GO) by the reducing agent sodium borohydride (NaBH4), while (GO) was prepared from the graphite oxidation using the modified Hummer method. Morphological, chemical and structural characteristics of synthesized samples were investigated by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), transmittance Scanning Microscope (TEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and X-ray and Raman Spectroscopy. The performance of the Pt/rGO catalysts were evaluated in the benzyl alcohol oxidation to produce benzaldehyde using an environmentally friendly oxidizing agent, hydrogen peroxide, under moderate conditions. The variables that were studied on oxidation of benzyl alcohol were temperature, catalyst mass and H2O2 concentration. The best results were achieved when the catalyst amount was 10 mg, 50% hydrogen peroxide concentration and 80 °C reaction temperature. The conditions under which the reaction was carried out are moderate reaction conditions, and the oxidizing agent (H2O2) is an environmentally friendly oxidizing agent.
Synthesis Novel Organig Reagent of 2-[2—(5-Nitro thiazolyl)azo]-4,6-dimethoxy benzoic acid (NTADMBA) and Applyed it as antioxidants
Authors: AL-Adilee Kh. J. , Jasim Al-Hayder Layth S. , Essa Shaimaa M
Published: November 2020

This study concerned synthesis and characterized new organig reagent 2-[2—(5-nitro thiazolyl)azo]-6.4 dimethoxy benzoic acid (NTADMBA) and also its antioxidant, biomolecule protective. The organig reagent was characterized by FTIR, NMR and mass spectroscopy. The antioxidant assays showed the enhanced potency of E. coli bacteria. the study suggests that the organig reagent (NTADMBA) herb unequivocally is a potential source of antioxidants and could aid in alleviating oxidative stress-mediated disorders.
Preparation and Characterization Biaryl aromatic compounds of the pyrimidine derivative by a Suzuki Coupling reaction and study their anti-cancer effect
Authors: Abdul-Rida Nabeel A. , Gareeb Zahraa M.
Published: November 2020

This study includes the synthesis and characterization of some heterocyclic compounds (pyrimidine derivatives) starting from the reaction of 2-Bromo benzaldehyde with the amino compound in an acidic medium to obtain a base derivative of Schiff Base (1) and then (1) interacts with aromatic boronic acids (3-Carboxyx-5-nitro, 3-Cyano, 4-Ethoxy, 2,3-Difluoro, 2,3,4-Trifluoro, 4-Chloro) respectively by reaction Suzuki-Mayura and with the presence of Tetrax (Triphenyl Phosphine) Palladium (0) and a basic medium to give new derivatives of Diphenyl (2-7). The derivatives that were manufactured were Characterization through the FT-IR spectroscopy, proton magnetic resonance spectrum1H-NMR, and carbon carbon resonance spectrum13C-NMR. In addition to the elemental analysis C.H.N, the cytotoxicity of the derivatives (2-4) was examined in the laboratory on a MCF-7 and SK-LU-1 using the MTT assay, and it was found that the derivative (2) had very good efficacy at a certain concentration.
Synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of thiazolyl azo ligand complexes with some metal ions
Authors: Ali Dahi Marwa , Jarad Amer J.
Published: November 2020

(E)-2-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yliazenyl)-4-methoxyaniline was synthesized by reaction the diazonium salt of 2-aminobenzothiazole with 4-methoxyaniline. Identified of the ligand by spectral techniques (UV-Vis, FTIR, 1HNMR and LC-Mass) and microelemental analysis (C.H.N.S.O) are used to produce of the azo ligand. Complexes of (Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+) were synthesized and identified using atomic absorption of flame, elemental analysis, infrared and UV-Vis spectral process as well conductivity and magnetic quantifications. Nature of compounds produced have been studied followed the mole ratio and continuous contrast methods, Beer’s law followed during a concentration scope (1×10−4-3×10−4 mole/L). height molar absorptivity of compound solutions have been noticed. Analytical data showed that all the complexes out to 1:2 metal-ligand ratio. At the radix for physicochemical datum an octahedral structure have been described at compounds. other than the biological studies of all produced compounds was evaluation against different kinds of antimicrobial strains.
A comparative study of ZnO, CuO and a binary mixture of ZnO0.5-CuO0.5 with nano-dye on the efficiency of the dye-sensitized solar cell
Authors: Abdul-Ameer Aboud Nibras , Alkayat Wafaa M.S , Hussain Dhia H , Rheima Ahmed Mahdi
Published: November 2020

In this study, ZnO, CuO, and ZnO-CuO nanostructure with ZnO: CuO molar ratios of 1:1M, have been successfully synthesized via photolysis method. The synthesized nanostructure was designed to explore its morphology, structure and pureness. The XRD analysis confirmed that the synthesized particles are within the range of nanometers with their average particle size of below 100 nm, with SEM images showing the shape of the nanostructure. The purety of oxides was confirmed by the EDX analysis. Furthermore, the effect of adding nano dye on the performance of Dye sensitizes solar cells. Results showed that the added nano dye as A novel Nano copper complex as Bis [4-[(5-acetyl-2-aminophenyl) diazenyl]-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-3 (2H)-one] copper (II). In order to increase the surface grittiness of the active layer, hydrate improved absorption in the visible region. The power conversion efficiency (PCE), which was caused by an increase in Voc, Jsc and FF of the manufactured device, was improved through the inclusion of inorganic Dye.
Low cost adsorbents for the removal of pharmaceutical pollutants from aqueous solution: Thymine drug as a model
Authors: Aljeboree Aseel M.
Published: November 2020

With the permanent rise of pollutants environmental, the threat to life human, fauna and flora too increasing. Removal of toxic pollutants by adsorption on Activated Carbon (Apricot stone) has shown immense potential. The experiments were carried out to drug uptake by Apricot stone activated by H2SO4. Deferent physiochemical parameters for example, contact time, initial Thymine drug concentration, weight of (AC) and temp. were investigated in system batch-adsorption. The equilibrium time at normal pH was found 2h. Result showed that the adsorption of Thymine drug increase with increase in primary concentration Thymine drug, and egestion time but decreases with the mass of AC, temp. of the method. The equilibrium data were estimated utilizing Freundlich, Langmuir isotherms. Langmuir, model best describes the uptake of Thymine drug. study the adsorption of drug from aqueous solution detect the potential of AC to be used as an substitutional, cheap, and benign environmentally adsorbent for purification water. The concentration of Thymine drug was measured before and after adsorption via utilizing UV-Visible spectrophotometer at 360 nm.
Synthesis, characterization of new 5-(4-nitrophenyl)-4-((4 phenoxybenzylidene)amino)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol metal complexes and study of the antibacterial activity
Authors: Bader Ali T. , Rasheed Nada A. , Aljeboree M. , Alkaiml Ayad F.
Published: November 2020

A new Schiff base ligand(HL) was synthesized by condensation of 4-amino-5-(4-nitrophenyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol with 4-phenoxybenzaldehyde. A new three metal complexes Zn (II), Cd (II) and Hg (II) with Schiff ligand (HL) ware synthesized by molar ratio of ligand : metal as 2:1. The ligand and metal complexes were characterization by H1-NMR, FT-IR, Atomic absorption, CHNS analysis, molar conductivity magnetic susceptibility and melting point. There are study thermal analysis TGA-DTG for the ligand and metal complexes. All complexes were found to be non-electrolyte. The biological activity (antibacterial) in-vitro are investigated for the complexes at prepared concentration (1*10-3 M) and showed inhibition ability against growth of the four types of pathogenic bacteria: [Staphylococcus aurous. and Streptococcus sp.] as gram positive and [Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa] as gram negative. The most of these complexes are effective against both types of bacteria in varying degree, with high activity for Hg (II) complexes.
Protective Effects of Ginger extract against Methotrexate induced cytotoxicity in mice
Authors: Aziz Dhifaf Zeki , Kadhim Naser Jawad , Majeed Ali A. , Abood Ali Hassan
Published: November 2020

Ginger (Zingiber officinalis) is one of the frequently used spices in the world and medicinal plant, which has been used all over the world. This study was designed to investigate the role of aqueous ginger extract to inhibit the genotoxicity of methotrexate (MTX) in female albino mice by using these parameters: mitotic index (MI), chromosome aberrations (CA) and micronuclei formation (MNPCE) in somatic cells (bone marrow). The cytological protection of aqueous ginger extract (AGE) was performed at doses (25, 50) mg \ kg against MTX effects (0.5) mg/kg for three weeks exposure. The results revealed the high inhibitory effects of MTX for cell division in addition to induction of chromosome aberration with micronuclei formation, the absence of cytotoxicity for AGE at tested doses, and the inhibitory efficiency of AGE against the toxicity and mutagenicity of MTX, specially at the dose 50 mg\kg. From the results we can concluded that the AGE has a promising role in the protection of somatic cells from cytotoxic effects of methotrexate.