bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FINANCIAL LAW: POLICY FRAMEWORKS FOR REGULATING FINTECH INNOVATIONS: ENSURING CONSUMER PROTECTION WHILE FOSTERING INNOVATION
Authors: Etinosa Igbinenikaro  , Adefolake Olachi Adewusi
Published: April 2024

The proliferation of fintech innovations has necessitated the development of comprehensive regulatory frameworks to uphold consumer protection standards while fostering an environment conducive to technological advancement. This paper delves into the intricate policy landscapes governing fintech innovations, with a primary focus on striking a delicate equilibrium between safeguarding consumer interests and nurturing innovation. By conducting an in-depth analysis of global regulatory approaches, including variations across jurisdictions and the pivotal roles of governmental bodies, this study explores pivotal measures aimed at fortifying consumer protection. These measures encompass a spectrum of strategies, ranging from stringent disclosure requirements and robust privacy safeguards to the implementation of anti-money laundering (AML) and know your customer (KYC) protocols. Furthermore, the study examines mechanisms for resolving consumer complaints and ensuring accountability within the fintech sector. Moreover, the paper investigates various avenues for fostering innovation within the regulatory framework, such as the establishment of regulatory sandboxes and the promotion of collaborative endeavors between regulatory authorities and industry stakeholders. Through the examination of pertinent case studies, this study highlights both successful regulatory interventions and challenges encountered in regulating fintech innovations. These insights culminate in a series of actionable recommendations tailored for policymakers, aimed at navigating the evolving landscape of fintech regulation. Additionally, the paper offers projections on future trends in fintech regulation, thereby equipping policymakers with the necessary foresight to adapt to the dynamic nature of the fintech ecosystem.

Keywords:  Financial Law, Policy, Frameworks, Fintech Innovations, Consumer Protection, Fostering Innovation.
NAVIGATING LEGAL AND POLICY CHALLENGES IN THE ENERGY TRANSITION: CASE STUDIES FROM THE UNITED STATES AND NIGERIA
Authors: Munachi Chikodili Ugwu  , Adefolake Olachi Adewusi
Published: April 2024

The energy transition is a critical global imperative, necessitating a shift towards sustainable energy sources to mitigate climate change and ensure energy security. However, navigating the legal and policy landscape presents significant challenges. This paper examines the legal and policy frameworks in the United States and Nigeria, two countries with distinct energy landscapes, to identify common challenges and best practices. In the United States, a complex interplay of federal and state regulations impacts the transition to renewable energy. Case studies highlight the role of federal policies, state-level initiatives, and legal battles over energy infrastructure projects in shaping the transition.

Similarly, in Nigeria, regulatory hurdles and socio-economic factors impede progress towards sustainable energy. Government initiatives to promote renewable energy face challenges, including energy access disparities and financing constraints. A comparative analysis reveals both similarities and differences between the two countries' approaches to the energy transition. Lessons learned underscore the importance of regulatory clarity, stakeholder engagement, and policy coherence in facilitating the transition. Drawing on these insights, this paper offers recommendations for policymakers and stakeholders to overcome legal and policy challenges in the energy transition. By adopting best practices and learning from case studies, both the United States and Nigeria can accelerate progress towards a sustainable energy future.

Keywords: Legal, Policy, Challenges, Energy Transition, Case Studies, United States, Nigeria.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF PARTICLE SIZE EFFECT ON SEPARATION EFFICIENCY OF DUAL CYCLONE SEPARATOR
Authors: Puspitasari Dewi , Hutapea Felix Theo Yusama
Published: April 2024

A cyclone separator is a device for separating solid particles and fluids. In this study, the performance of a cyclone separator was enhanced by adding a smaller cyclone. The objective is to separate coconut shell powder particles and determine the efficiency of the dual cyclone separator. The experiment involved varying the inlet airflow velocity to 7 m/s, 10 m/s, and 15 m/s and using different coconut shell powder particle sizes, ranging from mesh numbers 80 to 120. The results of the experiment showed that the efficiency of particle separation was significantly influenced by both the particle size and air velocity. Higher air velocity and larger particle size resulted in greater separation efficiency. The best performance was observed with the mesh particle size of 80 at an air velocity of 15 m/s, which achieved an efficiency value of 98.33%. The experiment also measured the particles' precipitated and wasted mass.
IMPACT OF SURGERY ON QUALITY OF LIFE (QoL) IN PATIENTS WITH STRUCTURAL HEART DISEASE
Authors: Sheikh Kiran , SHEIKH ABDUL MALIK , Touqeer Akbar  , Hina Sattar  , Asma Kanwal
Published: April 2024

Background: Structural heart disease is one of the most commonly occurring congenital disorders with about 0.8% - 1.2% of live births worldwide Despite the tremendous progress in field of cardiology, majority of this growing population with CHD even after the surgery continue to face life-long challenges and are at risk for having a poor (QoL).

Objectives: To evaluate the impact of surgery on QoL in patients with structural heart disease.

Materials: This Quasi experimental study was conducted in Rawalpindi Institute of Cardiology Rawalpindi. From July 2019 to June 2020. We included 76 children and adolescents of both genders with one of their parents after consent. Demographic and clinical data was recorded on the preset Performa. The QoL was accessed by using Urdu version of World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF) before and one month after surgery. Data was analyzed on SPSS 20 and p value of<0.05 was taken as significant.

Results: The mean age of participant (n=76) children and adolescents is 14.5 (14.5 ± 3.3) years. Out of total, 52.6% were females while 47.4% were males. Most of the patients had VSD, 26(34 .2%) followed by TOF 12(15 .7%) and ASD 9(11 .2%). Valvular heart disease (Mitral, Aortic) was found in 8 (10. 5%) and 5(6 .5%) cases respectively the individual parameters of WHO QoL scale were compared in pre- and post-surgical period. Further the parameters of WHO QOL scale were divided into sub categories of physical health, psychological wellbeing, social interaction and environmental health for analysis. Results revealed that physical health, psychological wellbeing, social interaction and environmental health all considerably improved in the post intervention period (p value 0.008, <0.001, <0.001 and 0.001 respectively). The overall QoL of patients also improved significantly (p value 0 .001).

Conclusion: There was significant improvement in physical health, psychological wellbeing, social interaction and environmental health in the post intervention period. Overall QoL in the postoperative period was also improved.
ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ МНОГОАГЕНТНЫХ СИСТЕМ В ПОДДЕРЖКЕ ИННОВАЦИЙ И УПРАВЛЕНИИ ИНФОРМАЦИЕЙ
Authors:   НАО «Алматинский университет энергетики и связи имени Гумарбека Даукеева», Алматы, Казахстан, Сейдазимов Сырым , Утепбергенов Ирбулат ,   НАО «Алматинский университет энергетики и связи имени Гумарбека Даукеева», Алматы, Казахстан, Шайкулова Актоты ,   Алматинский технологический университет, Алматы, Казахстан, Искакова Айнур ,   Алматинский технологический университет, Алматы, Казахстан
Published: April 2024

В современном мире, где инновации и управление информацией становятся ключевыми факторами конкурентоспособности, многоагентные системы (МАС) представляют собой передовую технологию, способствующую автоматизации и оптимизации процессов. Их способность к самоорганизации, адаптации к изменяющимся условиям и гибкому взаимодействию между агентами делает МАС идеальным инструментом для повышения эффективности информационного обмена и ускорения внедрения инноваций в различных сферах деятельности. Целью данной работы является комплексное изучение влияния многоагентных систем (МАС) на эффективность управления информацией и поддержку инновационных процессов. Исследование направлено на выявление способов, которыми МАС могут способствовать автоматизации задач, улучшению координации данных и оптимизации решений, что в итоге ускоряет внедрение нововведений и повышает оперативность информационного обмена в организациях и индустриях. В исследовании используется комплексный подход, включающий качественный и количественный анализ для оценки вклада многоагентных систем в инновационные процессы и управление информацией. Применяются методы сбора данных, такие как анализ случаев, опросы экспертов и аналитика производительности систем. Для обработки полученной информации используются статистические инструменты и программное обеспечение для моделирования МАС, что позволяет оценить их эффективность, адаптивность и влияние на процессы принятия решений в динамически изменяющейся информационной среде. Исследование вносит значительный вклад в понимание практического применения многоагентных систем (МАС) и подчеркивает их научную новизну в контексте инноваций и управления информацией. Работа раскрывает новые возможности МАС для автоматизации, интеграции данных и адаптации к изменениям, что имеет большое значение для научного сообщества, стремящегося к оптимизации информационных процессов и ускорению разработки инноваций.
ПОСТКВАНТОВАЯ ЦИФРОВАЯ ПОДПИСЬ SYRGA-1
Authors:   Институт информационных и вычислительных технологий, Алматы, Казахстан, Алгазы Кунболат , Сакан Кайрат
Published: April 2024

За последние годы исследования в области квантовых компьютеров значительно продвинулись вперед. Если человечество когда-нибудь создаст эффективный квантовый компьютер, многие из нынешних криптосистем с открытым ключом могут быть скомпрометированы. Эти криптосистемы в настоящее время используются во многих коммерческих продуктах. Таким образом, разработка практических постквантовых алгоритмов актуальна в мировом масштабе. Одними из таких методов построения постквантовых алгоритмов являются методы, основанные на хеш-функциях. Помимо квантовой безопасности, подписи на основе хеша являются модульными, что обеспечивает долгосрочную безопасность. Поэтому на основе исследования постквантовых алгоритмов, основанных на этих хеш-функциях, был разработан новый алгоритм постквантовой цифровой подписи SYRGA-1. В этой статье приведено полное описание данного алгоритма. Данный алгоритм предназначен для подписания r сообщений одним секретным ключом. Одним из ключевых примитивов алгоритма подписи является криптографическая хеш-функция. В предлагаемом алгоритме используется алгоритм хеширования HAS01, разработанный сотрудниками лаборатории информационной безопасности Института информационных и вычислительных технологий КН МНВО РК. Безопасность и эффективность указанного хеш-алгоритма продемонстрированы в других статьях его авторов. Схемы подписи на основе хеша привлекательны как схемы постквантовой подписи, поскольку можно рассчитать количественный уровень безопасности и безопасность доказана.
АНАЛИЗ МЕХАНИЗМОВ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ СЕТЕЙ СОТОВОЙ СВЯЗИ 5G
Authors:   Казахский национальный университет имени аль-Фараби, Алматы, Казахстан, Иманбаев Азамат , Тынымбаев Сахыбай ,   Международный университет информационных технологии, Алматы, Казахстан, Одарченко Роман ,   Национальный авиационный университет, Киев, Украина, Валихан Ерсултан
Published: April 2024

Научная статья рассматривает внедрение технологических услуг пятого поколения (5G), начавшееся в 2019 году, с особым акцентом на их структурных изменениях в мобильных сетях, направленных на удовлетворение потребностей Интернета вещей. В статье подчеркивается важность внедрения новейших ИКТ-технологий, таких как программно-определяемые сети/виртуализированные сетевые функции, пограничные вычисления и нарезка сети. Однако совместно с технологическим прогрессом возникают новые проблемы безопасности, связанные с созданием новых путей доступа и с ограничением видимости безопасности. Цель исследования состоит в анализе механизмов безопасности основной сети 5G, включая программно-определяемые сети, виртуализацию, сетевые функции и нарезку сети. Для этого проанализированы существующие исследования и отчеты ENISA, а также проведен собственный анализ уязвимостей сетей 5G, основываясь на данных о компонентах сети, включая SDN и NFV. Результаты исследования выявили ключевые уязвимости в механизмах безопасности сетей 5G, включая SDN и NFV, а также определили потенциальные риски для целостности данных и конфиденциальности пользователей. В обсуждении подчеркивается важность дальнейших исследований в области безопасности сетей 5G для разработки и адаптации механизмов защиты, способных противостоять выявленным угрозам и уязвимостям. Также отмечается необходимость комплексного подхода к безопасности сетей 5G, включая внедрение динамических мер защиты и улучшение системы мониторинга.
MORTALIDADE POR PNEUMONIA: UMA JORNADA DE ALTOS E BAIXOS NO BRASIL (2018-2022)
Authors: Almeida João Victor Duarte Rodrigues , Pinto Bruna Ferreira , Mendes Clara Cecília Rodrigues , Almeida Elessandra Helena Silva de , Meneghete Fábio Henrique Sodré , Borges Gabriela Pinheiro , Martins Idel de Oliveira , Gomes Larah Gonçalves , Marques Lara Ribeiro , Vasconcelos Maria Eduarda Silva , Rattes Maria Fernanda Paiva Nitrini , Lima Rayanne Figueiredo Montilha de , Arantes Bruno Conrado Oliveira
Published: April 2024

INTRODUÇÃO: Nos últimos anos, a observação da epidemiologia da mortalidade por pneumonia tem sido considerada importante para melhor compreender a gravidade do problema, identificar tendências espaciais e temporais e orientar intervenções direcionadas para prevenção e tratamento. OBJETIVO: Examinar os padrões de mortalidade por pneumonia em um período de anos, de 2018 a 2022, com o intuito de buscarmos informações sobre a carga da doença, a variação regional e os fatores associados. MÉTODOS: O presente estudo epidemiológico caracteriza-se como ecológico e descritivo, cujo objetivo é centrado na descrição quantitativa do quadro de mortalidade por pneumonia no Brasil nos anos de 2018 a 2022. Faz-se presente no estudo em questão dados das “Estatísticas Vitais” no item “Mortalidade – desde 1996 pelo CID-10”, especificamente os registros da sessão “Mortalidade Geral”, com abrangência no Brasil por Região e Unidade de Federação, contidos no Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS). RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: O estudo atual avaliou a taxa de mortalidade por pneumonia nas populações residentes em diferentes regiões do Brasil no período de 2018 a 2022. De maneira geral, observou-se que as taxas apresentaram um comportamento crescente nos anos de 2019 e 2022, e decrescente nos anos de 2020 e 2021. A região Norte apresentou os menores índices, enquanto a região Sudeste apresentou os maiores. Diante dos dados, é importante salientar que as divergências demográficas e socioeconômicas entre as regiões, bem como o contexto nacional durante o período observado, são elementos relevantes para o estudo. CONCLUSÃO: Mediante o panorama supracitado, observa-se que o ano com menor número de óbitos notificados correspondeu a 2021 e o com maior número foi 2022, exceto na região Sudeste. Dessa maneira, esses dados destacam a complexidade da dinâmica da mortalidade por pneumonia em diferentes regiões do país e ressaltam a importância de estratégias de saúde pública adaptáveis e eficazes para enfrentar esse desafio.
Contribution of cooking emissions to the urban volatile organic compounds in Las Vegas, NV
Authors: Coggon Matthew M. , Stockwell Chelsea E. , Xu Lu , Peischl Jeff , Gilman Jessica B. , Lamplugh Aaron , Bowman Henry J. , Aikin Kenneth , Harkins Colin , Zhu Qindan , Schwantes Rebecca H. , He Jian , Li Meng , Seltzer Karl , McDonald Brian , Warneke Carsten
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Cooking is a source of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which degrade air quality. Cooking VOCs have been investigated in laboratory and indoor studies, but the contribution of cooking to the spatial and temporal variability in urban VOCs is uncertain. In this study, a proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer (PTR-ToF-MS) is used to identify and quantify cooking emission in Las Vegas, NV, with supplemental data from Los Angeles, CA, and Boulder, CO. Mobile laboratory data show that long-chain aldehydes, such as octanal and nonanal, are significantly enhanced in restaurant plumes and regionally enhanced in areas of Las Vegas with high restaurant densities. Correlation analyses show that long-chain fatty acids are also associated with cooking emissions and that the relative VOC enhancements observed in regions with dense restaurant activity are very similar to the distribution of VOCs observed in laboratory cooking studies. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) is used to quantify cooking emissions from ground site measurements and to compare the magnitude of cooking with other important urban sources, such as volatile chemical products and fossil fuel emissions. PMF shows that cooking may account for as much as 20 % of the total anthropogenic VOC emissions observed by PTR-ToF-MS. In contrast, emissions estimated from county-level inventories report that cooking accounts for less than 1 % of urban VOCs. Current emissions inventories do not fully account for the emission rates of long-chain aldehydes reported here; thus, further work is likely needed to improve model representations of important aldehyde sources, such as commercial and residential cooking.
Evaluation of the effects of different lightning protection rods on the data quality of C-Band weather radars
Authors: Hald Cornelius , Schaper Maximilian , Böhm Annette , Frech Michael , Petersen Jan , Lange Bertram , Rohrdantz Benjamin
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Lightning protection is important for weather radars to prevent critical damage or outages but can have negative effects on data quality. The existing lightning protection of the DWD polarimetric C-Band weather radar network consists of four vertical poles with a maximum diameter of 10 cm. During radar operation, these rods cause local scattering in the near field of the antenna, resulting in negative impacts on radar products. One effect is the removal of significant transmit power off the main beam axis and its addition to other areas or the side lobes. This results in wrongly localised precipitation fields in radial direction. The second effect is the loss of transmitted and received power, appearing as a decrease in system gain, and subsequently a underestimation of all power based radar moments in the vicinity of the rods. The underestimation in radar reflectivity Z then leads to a negative bias in the actual rain rate of approximately 20 % if a Z/R relationship is applied. These detrimental effects on data quality led to the requirement of developing a new lightning protection concept. The new concept must minimise the effect on data quality, but also provide sufficient protection from lightning strikes according to the existing regulations and requirements. Three possible lighting protection concepts are described in this paper: two using vertical rods of different diameters (16 and 40 mm, respectively) and one with horizontally placed rods outside the antenna aperture. Their possible influence on data quality is quantified through a dedicated measurement campaign by analysing resulting antenna patterns and precipitation sum products. Antenna patterns are analysed with respect to the side lobe levels compared to antenna patterns without lightning protection and the original lightning protection. With the newly tested lightning rods, the apparent side lobe levels are slightly increased compared to an antenna pattern taken without lightning protection, but are within the accepted antenna specifications. Compared to the original lightning protection, a decrease of up to -15 dB in apparent side lobe levels is found for all tested lightning protection options. Beam blockage is substantially reduced compared to the existing lightning protection as shown by the evaluation of QPE sums. These results and some structural considerations are a solid basis to recommend the installation of four rods with maximum 40 mm diameter for all 17 radar systems of the DWD weather radar network.
Ensemble reconstruction of missing satellite data using a denoising diffusion model: application to chlorophyll a concentration in the Black Sea
Authors: Barth Alexander , Brajard Julien , Alvera-Azcárate Aida , Mohamed Bayoumy , Troupin Charles , Beckers Jean-Marie
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Satellite observations provide a global or near-global coverage of the World Ocean. They are however affected by clouds (among others), which severely reduce their spatial coverage. Different methods have been proposed in the literature to reconstruct missing data in satellite observations. For many applications of satellite observations, it has been increasingly important to accurately reflect the underlying uncertainty of the reconstructed observations. In this paper, we investigate the use of a denoising diffusion model to reconstruct missing observations. Such methods can naturally provide an ensemble of reconstructions where each member is spatially coherent with the scales of variability and with the available data. Rather than providing a single reconstruction, an ensemble of possible reconstructions can be computed, and the ensemble spread reflects the underlying uncertainty. We show how this method can be trained from a collection of satellite data without requiring a prior interpolation of missing data and without resorting to data from a numerical model. The reconstruction method is tested with chlorophyll a concentration from the Ocean and Land Color Instrument (OLCI) sensor (onboard the satellites Sentinel- 3A and Sentinel-3B) on a small area of the Black Sea and compared with the neural network DINCAE (Data-Interpolating Convolutional Auto-Encoder). The spatial scales of the reconstructed data are assessed via a variogram, and the accuracy and statistical validity of the produced ensemble reconstructed are quantified using the continuous ranked probability score and its decomposition into reliability, resolution and uncertainty.
Landcover succession for recently drained lakes in permafrost on the Yamal peninsula, Western Siberia
Authors: von Baeckmann Clemens , Bartsch Annett , Bergstedt Helena , Efimova Aleksandra , Widhalm Barbara , Ehrich Dorothee , Kumpula Timo , Sokolov Alexander , Abdulmanova Svetlana
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Drained Lake Basins (DLBs) are dominant features in lowland permafrost landscapes of the Arctic. Here we present a novel approach describing and quantifying the succession progression of recently drained basins using a landcover unit retrieval scheme developed specifically for the Arctic tundra biome. The added value compared to commonly used Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) trend analyses is demonstrated. Landcover units were linked to DLB ages (years passed since a drainage event occurred). The data were divided into bioclimatic subzones and the landcover units grouped according to their characteristics, first related to vegetation and second to wetness gradients (dry, moist and wet). A regression analyses of NDVI values and fraction of each landcover unit group provided the justification for the utility of the units in our research. The regression results showed the highest correlation with NDVI values for the wetness group ‘Moist’ and the vegetation group ‘Shrub Tundra’ (R2 = 0.458 and R2 = 0.444). There was no correlation (R2 = 0.066) found between NDVI and the fraction of group ‘Wet’ . This highlights the importance of an alternative to NDVI such as the use of landcover units to describe wetland area changes. Finally, our results showed different trajectories in the succession of landcover units in recently DLBs with respect to different bioclimatic subzones. Remaining water in the basin after a lake drainage event was highest for the most southern subzone (median 6.28 %). The open water fraction dropped below one percent for all subzones after five to ten years since drainage. The results of this study contribute to an improved understanding of DLB landcover change in permafrost environments and to a better knowledge base of these unique and critically important landforms.
Multi-year simulations at kilometre scale with the Integrated Forecasting System coupled to FESOM2.5/NEMOv3.4
Authors: Rackow Thomas , Pedruzo-Bagazgoitia Xabier , Becker Tobias , Milinski Sebastian , Sandu Irina , Aguridan Razvan , Bechtold Peter , Beyer Sebastian , Bidlot Jean , Boussetta Souhail , Diamantakis Michail , Dueben Peter , Dutra Emanuel , Forbes Richard , Goessling Helge F. , Hadade Ioan , Hegewald Jan , Keeley Sarah , Kluft Lukas , Koldunov Nikolay , Koldunov Alexei , Kölling Tobias , Kousal Josh , Mogensen Kristian , Quintino Tiago , Polichtchouk Inna , Sármány Domokos , Sidorenko Dmitry , Streffing Jan , Sützl Birgit , Takasuka Daisuke , Tietsche Steffen , Valentini Mirco , Vannière Benoît , Wedi Nils , Zampieri Lorenzo , Ziemen Florian
Published: April 2024

Abstract. We report on the first multi-year km-scale global coupled simulations using ECMWF’s Integrated Forecasting System (IFS) coupled to both the NEMO and FESOM ocean-sea ice models, as part of the Horizon 2020 Next Generation Earth Modelling Systems (nextGEMS) project. We focus mainly on the two unprecedented IFS-FESOM coupled setups, with an atmospheric resolution of 2.8 km and 4.4 km, respectively, and the same spatially varying ocean resolution that reaches locally below 5 km grid-spacing. This is enabled by a refactored ocean model code that allows for more efficient coupled simulations with IFS in a single-executable setup, employing hybrid parallelisation with MPI and OpenMP. A number of shortcomings in the original NWP-focussed model configurations were identified and mitigated over several cycles collaboratively by the modelling centres, academia, and the wider nextGEMS community. The main improvements are (i) better conservation properties of the coupled model system in terms of water and energy balance, which benefit also ECMWF’s operational 9 km IFS-NEMO model, (ii) a realistic top-of-the-atmosphere (TOA) radiation balance throughout the year, (iii) improved intense precipitation characteristics, and (iv) eddy-resolving features in large parts of the mid- and high-latitude oceans (finer than 5 km grid-spacing) to resolve mesoscale eddies and sea ice leads. New developments made at ECMWF for a better representation of snow and land use, including a dedicated scheme for urban areas, were also tested on multi-year timescales. We provide first examples of significant advances in the realism and thus opportunities of these km-scale simulations, such as a clear imprint of resolved Arctic sea ice leads on atmospheric temperature, impacts of km-scale urban areas on the diurnal temperature cycle in cities, and better propagation and symmetry characteristics of the Madden-Julian Oscillation.
Persistent climate model biases in the Atlantic Ocean's freshwater transport
Authors: van Westen René M. , Dijkstra Henk A.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is considered to be one of the most dangerous climate tipping elements. The salt–advection feedback plays an important role in AMOC tipping behaviour, and its strength is strongly connected to the freshwater transport carried by the AMOC at 34° S, below indicated by FovS. Available observations have indicated that FovS has a negative sign for the present-day AMOC. However, most climate models of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP, phase 3 and phase 5) have an incorrect FovS sign. Here, we analyse a high-resolution and a low-resolution version of the Community Earth System Model (CESM) to identify the origin of these FovS biases. Both CESM versions are initialised from an observed ocean state, and FovS biases quickly develop under fixed pre-industrial forcing conditions. The most important model bias is a too fresh Atlantic Surface Water, which arises from deficiencies in the surface freshwater flux over the Indian Ocean. The second largest bias is a too saline North Atlantic Deep Water and arises through deficiencies in the freshwater flux over the Atlantic Subpolar Gyre region. Climate change scenarios branched from the pre-industrial simulations have an incorrect FovS upon initialisation. Most CMIP phase 6 models have similar biases to those in the CESM. Due to the biases, the value of FovS is not in agreement with available observations, and the strength of the salt advection feedback is underestimated. Values of FovS are projected to decrease under climate change, and their response is also dependent on the various model biases. To better project future AMOC behaviour, an urgent effort is needed to reduce biases in the atmospheric components of current climate models.
The Gift of Mourning
Authors: Bechtol Harris B.
Published: April 2024

This paper explores the relationship of mourning and the gift in the work of Jacques Derrida. I argue that mourning is not a Derridean gift, but mourning does open us to the gift. Reading the works of Aristotle, Cicero, and Kierkegaard on friendship and love to the dead in the wake of Derrida’s Politics of Friendship makes this relation among mourning and the gift apparent for he presents mourning as the opening to a democracy to-come whose logic is the gift. Through these accounts, I maintain that in preparing us for the gift, mourning the dead other can help us to relate better with the living other in ethical, political, and ontological terms.
On the Limitations of Michel Foucault’s Genealogy of Neoliberalism
Authors: Christiaens Tim
Published: April 2024

Michel Foucault's genealogy of neoliberalism in Naissance de la biopolitique is surprisingly lacking in critical acumen vis-à-vis neoliberal rationality. Several interpretations explain Foucault's appreciative tone by hypothesising about Foucault's supposed conversion to neoliberalism. In this article, I argue that the problem lies not in Foucault's personal politics but in a disappointing application of the genealogical method. Compared to previous works, Foucault's lectures on neoliberalism focus exclusively on neoliberalism's self-presentation by the likes of Hayek, Becker, and Friedman. It does not explore the subjective effects of neoliberalism on the governed, which would have been impossible for Foucault in 1979. I argue that, by taking into consideration the negative effects of actually-existing neoliberalism, one reveals an immanent critique of neoliberalism at the heart of genealogy.  Neoliberalism promises a post-disciplinary order conducive to subjective freedom, but actually requires subjects to adapt to the discipline of free market competition.
فاعلية برنامج إرشادي معرفي سلوكي لتعديل الأفكار اللاعقلانية المصاحبة لأحلام اليقظة لدى المراهقات بمدينة جدة
Authors:   محاضر بقسم علم النفس، كلية التربية، جامعة أم القرى، المملكة العربية السعودية, باطرفي بدور
Published: April 2024

هدفت الدراسة إلى الكشف عن مدى فاعلية برنامج إرشادي معرفي سلوكي لتعديل الأفكار اللاعقلانية المصاحبة لأحلام اليقظة لدى المراهقات بمدينة جدة، واستخدمت الباحثة المنهج شبه التجريبي حيث بلغت عينة الدراسة (30) طالبة من طالبات المرحلة الثانوية بمدينة جدة تم تقسيمهن عشوائياً إلى مجموعتين (تجريبية وضابطة) بواقع (15) طالبة في كل مجموعة، وتم استخدام مقياس الأفكار اللاعقلانية لعبدالله وعبدالرحمن (2002) ومقياس أحلام اليقظة للقريشي (2002) بالإضافة إلى البرنامج الإرشادي الذي أعدته الباحثة، وأظهرت النتائج وجود فروق دالة إحصائياً بين متوسط درجات المجموعة التجريبية على مقياسي الأفكار اللاعقلانية وأحلام اليقظة في القياسين القبلي والبعدي لصالح القياس البعدي، كما وجدت فروق دالة إحصائياً بين متوسط درجات المجموعة التجريبية والضابطة على مقياسي الأفكار اللاعقلانية وأحلام اليقظة في القياس البعدي لصالح المجموعة التجريبية، وأوصت الباحثة بضرورة توعية المراهقات بأهمية التفكير العقلاني مع زيادة الأنشطة التفاعلية اللاصفية والتي تشغل طاقتهن الكامنة، وإجراء المزيد من البرامج الإرشادية التي تتلاءم مع البناء المعرفي للمراهقات، كما أوصت المرشدات في المدارس الثانوية بمحاولة الكشف عن مدى استغراق المراهقات في أحلام اليقظة من خلال تطبيق المقاييس النفسية، مع ضرورة الاهتمام بمن يعاني منهن من هذه المشكلة السلبية للحد من آثارها، و دراسة كل ما يتعلق بشخصية المراهقات وماله من تأثير على وعيهن وتفكيرهن.
Effect of Electro-spark Coating on Wear Loss of Rotavator Blades
Authors: Ch. Ramulu  , A.K. Dave  , I. Srinivas  , Ashish S. Dhimate
Published: April 2024

Rotavator has been increasingly used in agricultural fields. Under abrasive conditions for ground engaging tools, rotavator blades require frequent replacement resulting to increasing machine downtime and maintenance cost. Electric spark coating (ESC) technique was evaluated on two different commercially available blades with tungsten carbide, Stellite-21 and chromium carbide coating materials to improve their life. Coating materials were applied with three different thicknesses on the blades.Wear loss of the second blade with tungsten carbide 4th mode treatment was about 0.80 % per hour less than the other treatments for both blades. Hardness (58.33 HRA) of the second blade with chromium carbide 4th mode treatment was highest among all treatments and blades. The build-up height with chromium carbide 6th mode treatment was 160.8 µm.
Application of Linear Programming to Maximize Net Return by Allocating Land under Different Crops in Bhagwanpur Distributary
Authors: A. Upadhyaya  , L. B. Roy
Published: April 2024

Agriculture in India is gradually tending to be less interesting and lucrative profession due to high risks and less reliability. In order to increase net return from agriculture, proper planning and consideration of prevailing constraints is essential. Bhagwanpur distributary command area-based problem, consisting of maximization of net return with available land, water, labour, energy and other affinity constraints was formulated and solved employing modified Simplex method of linear programming. The area allocated under different crops, land productivity and water productivity for various combinations of canal water and ground water use were computed. When more area was allocated under remunerative crops like maize and potato with 100 % tube well water and canal water use by the crops, maximum net return of `2.31× 108 could be obtained. Maximum land productivity for the command area, was 63826 `.ha-1 when 85 % canal water and 100 % ground water were used by the crops in total area of 3426.9 ha; while maximum water productivity of 25.66 `.m-3 was obtained when 100 % canal water and ground water were used. The results may be useful in suggesting farmers on allocation of their agricultural land under profitable interventions to maximize net return, water productivity and land productivity.
Microwave Assisted De-husking of Foxtail Millet
Authors: Sunil C. K.  , Neeraja Chacko
Published: April 2024

A study was conducted to determine the effect of microwave pre-treatment on de-husking characteristics and quality parameters of foxtail millet. Foxtail millet was treated at three microwave power levels (900 W, 720 W and 540 W) for three different exposure time (120 s, 100 s and 80 s). Increase in grain surface temperature from 64.68˚C to 81.66˚C and decrease in de-husking time from 191 s to 88 s were observed with increase in microwave power level and exposure time. De-husking yield increased initially with increase in microwave power and exposure time, reaching a maximum of 85.64 % (720 W, 120 s), and thereafter decreased. The lowest de-husking yield of 72.12 % was observed at 900 W and 100 s exposure time. The increase in broken content from 0.20 % to 19.61 %, and reduction in head yield from 99.80 % to 85.40 % was observed with increase in microwave power and exposure time. The colour change was not significant (@ p≤0.05) in all the treatments. Cooking time of the de-husked grain decreased with increase in microwave power level and exposure time from 544 s to 442 s. De-husking yield of 91.97 % was predicted at optimal conditions of 732 W microwave power and 80 s exposure time.
Effect of Hydrothermal Treatment and Milling Parameters on Milling and Nutritional Qualities of Finger Millet (Eleusine coracana)
Authors: Anurag Kushwaha  , Anupama Singh  , Ranjna Sirohi  , Ayon Tarafdar
Published: April 2024

The conditions for degree of pearling of finger millets were optimised based on its quality attributes. Empirical models were developed to predict quality parameters for different sets of milling conditions of dispersed density (430 kg.m-3, 495 kg.m-3, 560 kg.m-3), residence time (10 min, 12 min, 14 min) and roller speed (1000 rpm, 1200 rpm, 1400 rpm) for both untreated and hydrothermally treated finger millet. It was found that hydrothermal treatment could improve pearling efficiency and reduce anti-nutrients while retaining nutritional components to some extent. A model correlating the effect of degree of pearling with pearling efficiency, protein, tannin and calcium content of hydrothermally treated finger millets was also developed with a satisfactory level of accuracy (R2 = 0.997). This equation served to determine the required degree of pearling for any given set of milling conditions. At optimized quality parameters, the degree of pearling for finger millet was 7.4 per cent.
Generation of Synthetic Streamflow of Jakham River, Rajasthan Using Thomas-Fiering Model
Authors: Priyanka Sharma  , S. R. Bhakar  , Shakir Ali  , H. K. Jain  , P. K. Singh  , Mahesh Kothari
Published: April 2024

A study was undertaken to develop and apply Thomas-Fiering (T-F) model for generation of synthetic streamflow of Jakham river, Rajasthan. Streamflow data of 40 years (June,1975 to May, 2015) was used, of which 360 month-data (June,1975 to May, 2005) were used to develop the model and 120 month-data (June, 2005 to May, 2015) were used to predict the streamflow. Performance of the model was evaluated using four statistical criteria, viz. correlation coefficient (R), root mean square error (RMSE), modified NashSutcliffe efficiency (MNSE), and modified index of agreement (MIA).The results showed satisfactory performance of the model in generating synthetic monthly streamflow based on R, RMSE, MNSE and MIA values of 0.73, 28.47×106 m3 , 0.456 and 0.73, respectively. The developed model was used to generate 100-year synthetic streamflows.
Mathematical Modelling and Techno-economic Evaluation of Hybrid Photovoltaic-thermal Forced Convection Solar Drying of Indian Jujube (Zizyphus mauritiana)
Authors: Surendra Poonia  , A.K. Singh  , Dilip Jain
Published: April 2024

Two identical units of a hybrid photovoltaic-thermal (PV/T) solar dryer designed and constructed at ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur, were used to dry Indian jujube (Zizyphus mauritiana) fruit, one operated under natural and the other under forced convection modes. The fruits were dried to safe moisture content (24 %) in a period of 192 h in forced convection mode, and in 240 h in natural convection mode with drying load of 18 kg. There was a significant difference in performance of the dryer under forced and natural convection mode. The average thermal efficiency of solar energy utilization under forced convection mode was higher (16.7 %) than that of natural convection solar dryer (15.6 %). Logarithmic drying model was suitable for describing the thin layer drying behaviour of the fruit. Effective moisture diffusivity of forced convection dryer was 3.34 × 10-7 m2 .s-1 . Economic evaluation of the solar dryer indicated high value of IRR (54.5 %), and low value of payback period (2.26 years), suggesting the dryer to be cost efficient.
Critical Thinking Profile of Junior High School Students in Solving Mathematical Problems Based on Gender
Authors: Mulawakkan Firdaus Andi
Published: April 2024

The critical thinking profile in solving mathematical problems is a picture expressed by describing words based on the FRISCO criteria in solving mathematical problems. This research aims to describe the critical thinking profile of male and female students in solving mathematical problems. The research subjects chosen were two class VIII students at SMP Negeri 21 Makassar, namely one male student and one female student. In this qualitative research, data collection uses two problem solving tasks and interviews. The validity of the data obtained was tested through time triangulation. Next, the data was analyzed based on FRISCO critical thinking criteria. Based on the results of data analysis and discussion of critical thinking profile theory, it can be concluded that the two subjects determine the main problem, decide on the strategy to be used in solving the problem, and provide logical reasons in the process of drawing conclusions, know the situation in the problem so that they use information that is appropriate to the problem, explain the terms in the problem well, and double-check the answers found. However, in checking again, the male subjects only checked the final results, while the female subjects checked the answers for each step found until the final results.

Keywords: Critical Thinking, Gender, Problem Solving
Problem-Based Learning Model Supported Phydia (PBL-Phydia) to Improve ICT Abilities
Authors: . Maruf , Sultan Ana Dhiqfaini , Marisda Dewi Hikmah
Published: April 2024

This research is motivated by the low level of physics learning activity using multimedia technology. This research aims to develop problem-based physics lectures supported by physics multimedia android (PBL-Phydia) to improve students' ICT skills. The research method used is the (R&D) method which refers to the ADDIE model. Subjects in the experimental class as a treatment class used Phydia as many as 17 students and the control class as a comparison class used PBL without the support of Phydia as many as 17 students. The results of the research have succeeded in developing a problem-based physics lecture design supported by Phydia with the characteristic of having a syntax consisting of five phases, and in each phase, there are independent learning activities with Phydia. The five phases are as follows: (1) Student orientation towards the problem; (2) Organizing students to study; (3) Independent and group investigations; (4) Develop and display artifacts and presentations, (5) Analyze and evaluate the problem-solving process on five lecture materials/topics related to physics. The test results show that Phydia is better able to improve ICT abilities.

Keywords: Problem-based physics learning, physics multimedia android, ICT ability
Application and evaluation of a nurse-directed prehabilitation intervention program in patients with gastrointestinal cancer: A randomized intervention study
Authors:   Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214000, China., Su Zhen-Zhen
Published: April 2024

Aim: To demonstrate that nurse-directed prehabilitation intervention may effectively accelerate postoperative rehabilitation.
Hamptons hump: An unusual radiological sign of pulmonary embolism
Authors:   Department of Medical Imaging, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, No.1, Yida Road, Jiaosu Village, Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan., Cheng Chiu-Shih
Published: April 2024

Hamptons hump is a peripheral dome-shaped, opacification abutting the pleura, signifying pulmonary infarction distal to a pulmonary embolism. We report a case of pulmonary embolism that presented with the Hampton’s hump sign on a chest X-ray, which is an unusual yet moderately specific indicator for diagnosing pulmonary embolism.
Primary cutaneous myoepithelial carcinoma A report of two cases with literature review
Authors:   Department of Onco Pathology, Malabar Cancer Centre, Thalassery, Kerala, India., Mullappli P Manjusha
Published: April 2024

Myoepithelial tumors encompass a spectrum of neoplasms demonstrating myoepithelial differentiation. While originally well-described in salivary glands, these tumors have been increasingly reported in bone, soft tissue, and cutaneous tissues 1.
Disseminated tuberculosis in a patient with former history of MIS-C: Case report and review of the literature
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University Brasov, Romania., Oana Falup-Perucariu
Published: April 2024

Tuberculosis still remains a major health problem in our country. Young children and infants suffer more extra-pulmonary and disseminated TB. Diagnosis of this condition in this age group is usually difficult because of non-specific symptoms.
Assessing the prognostic effects of hematologic indices in mortality of patients with methanol poisoning
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran., Hossein Jamali Mohammad
Published: April 2024

Background: Methanol poisoning is an important cause of death, especially in countries where alcohol consumption is forbidden by law.
Mutation in CHEK2 and hereditary breast cancer: A case report
Authors:   Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay., Natalia Camejo
Published: April 2024

Breast Cancer (BC) is the cancer that ranks first in incidence and mortality among women. It is estimated that 5 to 10% of BC cases develop in patients who carry a hereditary predisposition associated with autosomal dominant transmission and high penetrance susceptibility genes.
Secondary dysmenorrhea Unicornuate uterus with rudimentary and non-communicating horn
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centro Hospitalar de Entre Douro e Vouga, Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal., Ferreira Patricia Gomes
Published: April 2024

Unicornuate uterus is a type of female genital malformation caused by abnormal development of Mullerian ducts during embryogenesis.
Review on evaluation of using piezoelectric ultrasound surgery versus conventional technique in sinus lifting procedure
Authors:   Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt., EL Hak Mohamed Nageh Gad
Published: April 2024

The objective of the study is to make a comparison between piezoelectric ultrasound surgery and conventional technique in sinus lifting procedure with simultaneous implant insertion.
Novel use of a uterine patch repair of an obstructed obturator hernia
Authors:   Department of Urology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Australia., Nicol Alice
Published: April 2024

We report the case of a female in her nineties who developed a small bowel obstruction secondary to an obturator hernia. Our case describes reduction and repair of the hernia by utilising the uterine cornu as a patch to the obturator canal.