bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Dry Needling of Latent Trigger Points on Viscoelastic and Muscular Contractile Properties: Preliminary Results of a Randomized Within-Participant Clinical Trial
Authors: Pérez-Bellmunt Albert , Casasayas-Cos Oriol , López-de-Celis Carlos , Rodríguez-Sanz Jacobo , Rodríguez-Jiménez Jorge , Ortiz-Miguel Sara , Meca-Rivera Toni , Fernández-de-las-Peñas César
Published: August 2021

This study aimed to evaluate changes in neuromuscular function and pain perception in latent trigger points (TrPs) in the gastrocnemius muscle after a single session of dry needling. A randomized within-participant clinical trial was conducted. Fifty volunteers with latent TrPs in the gastrocnemius muscles were explored. Each extremity was randomly assigned to a control or experimental (dry needling) group. Viscoelastic parameters and contractile properties were analyzed by tensiomyography. Ankle dorsiflexion range of motion was assessed with the lunge test. Pressure pain thresholds (PPT) and pain perceived were also analyzed. The results observed that three viscoelastic proprieties (myotonometry) showed significant differences in favor of the experimental extremity in the lateral gastrocnemius: stiffness (p = 0.02), relaxation (p = 0.045), and creep (p = 0.03), but not in the medial gastrocnemius. No changes in tensiomyography outcomes were found. The control extremity showed a higher increase in PPTs (i.e., decrease in pressure pain sensitivity) than the experimental extremity (p = 0.03). No significant effects for range of motion or strength were observed. In general, gender did not influence the effects of dry needling over latent TrPs in the gastrocnemius muscle. In conclusion, a single session of dry needling was able to change some parameters of neuromuscular function, such as muscle tone, relaxation, pressure pain sensitivity, and creep in the lateral (but not medial) gastrocnemius but did not improve strength or range of motion.
Role of Rapid Antigen Testing in Population-Based SARS-CoV-2 Screening
Authors: Martín-Sánchez Vicente , Fernández-Villa Tania , Carvajal Urueña Ana , Rivero Rodríguez Ana , Reguero Celada Sofía , Sánchez Antolín Gloria , Fernández-Vázquez José Pedro
Published: August 2021

This study evaluates a population-based screening of asymptomatic people, using a rapid antigen diagnostic test (RADT), in areas of high transmission. To detect sources of SARS-CoV-2 infection, nasopharyngeal samples were taken and were tested using RADT. Confirmatory RT-qPCR tests were performed in both positive and negative cases. The internal validity of the RADT, the prevalence of infection, and the positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV) were estimated, based on the percentages of confirmed cases with 95% confidence interval. Of the 157,920 people registered, 50,492 participated in the screening; 50,052 were negative, and 440 were positive on the RADT (0.87%). A total of 221 positive RADT samples were reanalysed using RT-qPCR and 214 were confirmed as positive (96.8%; 95% CI: 93.5–98.7%), while 657 out of 660 negative RADT samples were confirmed as RT-qPCR negative (99.5%; 95% CI 98.7–99.9%). The sensitivity obtained was 65.1% (38.4–90.2%) and the specificity was 99.97% (99.94–99.99%). The prevalence of infection was 1.30% (0.95–2.13%). The PPVs were 95.4% (85.9–98.9%) and 97.9% (93.3–99.5%), respectively, while the NPVs were 99.7% (99.4–100%) and 99.2% (98.7–100%), respectively. The high specificity found allow us to report a high screening performance in asymptomatic patients, even in areas where the prevalence of infection was less than 2%.
Specific Risk Factors for Fatal Outcome in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients: Results from a European Multicenter Study
Authors: Meintrup David , Borgmann Stefan , Seidl Karlheinz , Stecher Melanie , Jakob Carolin E. M. , Pilgram Lisa , Spinner Christoph D. , Rieg Siegbert , Isberner Nora , Hower Martin , Vehreschild Maria , Göpel Siri , Hanses Frank , Nowak-Machen Martina
Published: August 2021

(1) Background: The aim of our study was to identify specific risk factors for fatal outcome in critically ill COVID-19 patients. (2) Methods: Our data set consisted of 840 patients enclosed in the LEOSS registry. Using lasso regression for variable selection, a multifactorial logistic regression model was fitted to the response variable survival. Specific risk factors and their odds ratios were derived. A nomogram was developed as a graphical representation of the model. (3) Results: 14 variables were identified as independent factors contributing to the risk of death for critically ill COVID-19 patients: age (OR 1.08, CI 1.06–1.10), cardiovascular disease (OR 1.64, CI 1.06–2.55), pulmonary disease (OR 1.87, CI 1.16–3.03), baseline Statin treatment (0.54, CI 0.33–0.87), oxygen saturation (unit = 1%, OR 0.94, CI 0.92–0.96), leukocytes (unit 1000/μL, OR 1.04, CI 1.01–1.07), lymphocytes (unit 100/μL, OR 0.96, CI 0.94–0.99), platelets (unit 100,000/μL, OR 0.70, CI 0.62–0.80), procalcitonin (unit ng/mL, OR 1.11, CI 1.05–1.18), kidney failure (OR 1.68, CI 1.05–2.70), congestive heart failure (OR 2.62, CI 1.11–6.21), severe liver failure (OR 4.93, CI 1.94–12.52), and a quick SOFA score of 3 (OR 1.78, CI 1.14–2.78). The nomogram graphically displays the importance of these 14 factors for mortality. (4) Conclusions: There are risk factors that are specific to the subpopulation of critically ill COVID-19 patients.
Rectus Abdominis Flap Replantation after 18 h Hypothermic Extracorporeal Perfusion—A Porcine Model
Authors: Kruit Anne , van Midden Dominique , Schreinemachers Marie-Claire , Koers Erik , Zegers Her , Kusters Benno , Hummelink Stefan , Ulrich Dietmar
Published: August 2021

Cold storage remains the clinical standard for composite tissue preservation but is time-limited. A long ischemia time during surgery will adversely affect postoperative outcomes due to ischemia-reperfusion injury. Extracorporeal perfusion (ECP) seems to be a promising alternative for prolonged preservation, but more evidence is needed to support its use and to identify optimal perfusion fluids. This article assessed musculocutaneous flap vitality after prolonged ECP and compared outcomes after replantation to short static cold storage (SCS). Unilateral musculocutaneous rectus abdominis flaps were raised from 15 pigs and preserved by 4 h SCS (n = 5), 18 h mid-thermic ECP with Histidine–Tryptophan–Ketoglutarate (HTK, n = 5) or University of Wisconsin solution (UW, n = 5). Flaps were replanted and observed for 12 h. Skeletal muscle histology was assessed (score 0–12; high scores equal more damage), blood and perfusate samples were collected and weight was recorded as a marker for oedema. Mean histological scores were 4.0 after HTK preservation, 5.6 after UW perfusion and 5.0 after SCS (p = 0.366). Creatinine kinase (CK) was higher after ECP compared to SCS (p < 0.001). No weight increase was observed during UW perfusion, but increased 56% during HTK perfusion. Following 12 h reperfusion, mean weight gain reduced 39% in the HTK group and increased 24% in the UW group and 17% in the SCS group. To conclude, skeletal muscle seemed well preserved after 18 h ECP with HTK or UW perfusion, with comparable histological results to 4 h SCS upon short reperfusion. The high oedema rate during HTK perfusion remains a challenge that needs to be further addressed.
Decreased Thrombospondin-1 and Bone Morphogenetic Protein-4 Serum Levels as Potential Indices of Advanced Stage Lung Cancer
Authors: Kosacka Monika , Dyła Tomasz , Chaszczewska-Markowska Monika , Bogunia-Kubik Katarzyna , Brzecka Anna
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Lung cancer belongs to the most common carcinoma worldwide and is the leading cause of cancer-related death. Bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) is extracellular signaling molecule involved in many important processes, including cell proliferation and mobility, apoptosis and angiogenesis. Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) belongs to the extracellular matrix proteins. It participates in the cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix interactions and thus plays important role in tumor microenvironment for cancer development and metastasis formation. Aim: To investigate serum levels of TSP-1 and BMP-4 together with BMP-4 polymorphism in lung cancer patients. Material and Methods: A total of 111 patients (76 men) with newly diagnosed lung cancer, including 102 patients with non-small cell lung cancer and 9 patients with small-cell lung cancer. Advanced stage of lung cancer was diagnosed in 99 (89%) of patients: stage IV—in 48, stage IIIB—in 33, stage IIIA—in 18 patients; there were six patients with stage II and six patients with stage I. The control group consisted of 61 healthy persons. In all the subjects, serum levels of BMP-4 and TSP-1 were measured by ELISA. With a Real-Time PCR system genotyping of BMP-4 was performed. Results: BMP-4 and TSP-1 serum levels were significantly lower in the patients with lung cancer than in the controls (TSP-1:10,109.2 ± 9581 ng/mL vs. 11,415.09 ± 9781 ng/mL, p < 0.05; BMP-4: 138.35 ± 62.59 pg/mL vs. 226.68 ± 135.86 pg/mL p < 0.001). In lung cancer patients TSP-1 levels were lower in advanced stages (9282.07 ± 4900.78 ng/mL in the stages III-IV vs. 16,933.60 ± 6299.02 ng/mL in the stages I-II, p < 0.05) and in the patients with than without lymph nodes involvement (10,000.13 ± 9021.41 ng/mL vs. 18,497.75 ± 12,548.25 ng/mL, p = 0.01). There was no correlation between TSP-1 and BMP-4 serum levels. BMP-4 gene polymorphism did not influence the results of the study. Conclusion: Decreased levels of TSP-1 and BMP-4 may serve as potential indices of lung cancer, with additional importance of low TSP-1 level as a marker of advanced stage of the disease.
Serial Measurements of Circulating KL-6, SP-D, MMP-7, CA19-9, CA-125, CCL18, and Periostin in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Receiving Antifibrotic Therapy: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Majewski Sebastian , Szewczyk Karolina , Żal Aleksandra , Białas Adam , Miłkowska-Dymanowska Joanna , Piotrowski Wojciech
Published: August 2021

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and inevitably fatal disease with a heterogeneous clinical course. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of circulating biomarkers in routine IPF clinical practice. We conducted an exploratory study in a cohort of 28 IPF subjects qualified for anti-fibrotic therapy with up to 24 months serial measurements of seven IPF biomarkers, including those that are well-established, Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6), surfactant protein D (SP-D), matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP-7), and more recently introduced ones, cancer antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), cancer antigen 125 (CA-125), chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 18 (CCL18), and periostin. Among studied biomarkers, SP-D had the highest diagnostic accuracy to differentiate IPF subjects from controls, followed by MMP-7 and KL-6. At each study timepoint, KL-6 levels correlated inversely with forced vital capacity % predicted (FVC% pred.), and transfer factor of the lung for carbon monoxide % predicted (TL,CO% pred.), while SP-D levels correlated inversely with FVC% pred. and TL,CO% pred. at 24 months of anti-fibrotic therapy. Baseline KL-6 and CA19-9 concentrations were significantly elevated in patients with progressive disease in comparison to patients with stable disease. In addition, in the progressors subgroup CA19-9 concentrations significantly increased over the second year of study follow-up. In patients with progressive disease, we observed a significant inverse correlation between a change in SP-D levels and a change in FVC% pred. in the first year of treatment, whereas in the second year a significant inverse correlation between a change in KL-6 levels and a change in FVC% pred. was noted. Our study findings support the view that both well-established IPF biomarkers, including KL-6, SP-D, and MMP-7, and more recently introduced ones, like CA19-9, have the potential to support clinical practice in IPF.
Correlation between Cerebrospinal Fluid IL-12 Levels and Severity of Encephalopathy in Children
Authors: Kawashima Hisashi , Morichi Shinichiro , Yamanaka Gaku , Terashi Hiroo , Kashiwagi Yasuyo
Published: August 2021

The roles of cytokines in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with acute encephalopathy remain unclear and controversial. In this study, the profiles of 26 cytokines and others were determined in 17 children with infection-associated neurological complications. Interleukin (IL)-12 levels were found to be high in a few of the patients. A comparison of the IL-12 levels in the CSF of patients demonstrated that IL-12 (p70) is almost always increased in those with encephalopathy. Levels of IL-12 in the CSF were highly correlated with the levels of PDGF-bb and IL-RA. IL-12 levels were found to be weakly correlated with IFN-γ levels, and strongly correlated with VEGF levels. These results demonstrate that IL-12 levels may affect the clinical symptoms of pediatric patients with encephalopathy.
Peripheral Retinal Degenerations and Idiopathic Epiretinal Membrane: Analysis with Ultra-Wide-Field Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy
Authors: Ulfik-Dembska Klaudia , Teper Sławomir , Dembski Michał , Nowińska Anna , Wylęgała Edward
Published: August 2021

Background: The present study examined the relationships among retinal structure, peripheral retinal abnormalities, and epiretinal membrane (ERM) and explored the utility of ultra-wide-field laser scanning ophthalmoscopy in idiopathic ERM assessment. Methods: The study sample comprised 276 eyes of 276 patients. Ultra-wide field fundus imaging was performed without mydriasis using Optos California. Each patient underwent a Goldmann three-mirror contact lens fundus examination. Results: Ultra-wide field laser scanning ophthalmoscopy revealed peripheral retinal degeneration in 84 (54.54%) eyes in the ERM and in 28 (22.95%) eyes in the control group. Goldmann three-mirror contact lens examination revealed peripheral retinal degeneration in 96 (62.33%) eyes in the ERM group and 42 (34.42%) eyes in the control group. Ultra-wide field ophthalmoscopy enabled the detection of nearly 87% of all peripheral retinal lesions in patients with ERM, but it cannot replace fundus examination with a Goldmann triple mirror or ophthalmoscopy with scleral indentation. Conclusions: In most patients, idiopathic ERM coexisted with changes in the peripheral retina. Some of these changes promote retinal detachment. Thus, surgeons should consider the risk of retinal tear during vitrectomy, which increases the scope of surgery and may adversely affect prognosis. Although ultra-wide field imaging is a valuable diagnostic method, it is not a substitute for Goldmann three-mirror contact lens fundus examination or ophthalmoscopy with scleral indentation.
The Impact of Biomedical Engineering on the Development of Minimally Invasive Cardio-Thoracic Surgery
Authors: Cocchieri Riccardo , van de Wetering Bertus , Stijnen Marco , Riezebos Robert , de Mol Bastian
Published: August 2021

(1) We describe the boundary conditions for minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS) with the aim to reduce procedure-related patient injury and discomfort. (2) The analysis of the MICS work process and its demand for improved tools and devices is followed by a description of the relevant sub-specialties of bio-medical engineering: electronics, biomechanics, and materials sciences. (3) Innovations can represent a desired adaptation of an existing work process or a radical redesign of procedure and devices such as in transcutaneous procedures. Focused interaction between engineers, industry, and surgeons is always mandatory (i.e., a therapeutic alliance for addressing ‘unmet patient or professional needs’. (4) Novel techniques in MICS lean heavily on usability and safe and effective use in dedicated hands. Therefore, the use of training and simulation models should enable skills selection, a safe learning curve, and maintenance of proficiency. (5) The critical technical steps and cost–benefit trade-offs during the journey from invention to application will be explained. Business considerations such as time-to-market and returns on investment do shape the cost–benefit room for commercial use of technology. Proof of clinical safety and effectiveness by physicians remains important, but establishing the technical reliability of MICS tools and warranting appropriate surgical skills come first.
Pattern of Prostate Cancer Recurrence Assessed by 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT in Men Treated with Primary Local Therapy
Authors: Lawal Ismaheel O. , Lengana Thabo , Popoola Gbenga O. , Orunmuyi Akintunde T. , Kgatle Mankgopo M. , Mokoala Kgomotso M. G. , Sathekge Mike M.
Published: August 2021

Imaging plays a vital role in detecting the recurrence of prostate cancer (PCa) to guide the choice of salvage therapy. Gallium-68 prostate-specific membrane antigen positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT) is useful for detecting PCa recurrence. We assessed the pattern of PCa recurrence stratified by serum prostate-specific antigen level and type of primary local treatment in men with biochemical recurrence (BCR) after primary local therapy with radical prostatectomy or external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) using 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT. We reviewed patients imaged with 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT for the localization of the site of PCa recurrence. We determined the site and number of lesions due to PCa recurrence at different PSA levels. A total of 247 men (mean age of 65.72 ± 7.51 years and median PSA of 2.70 ng/mL (IQR = 0.78–5.80)) were included. 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT detected the site of recurrence in 81.4% of patients with a median number of lesions per patient of 1 (range = 1–5). 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT positivity was 43.6%, 75.7%, 83.3%, 90.0%, and 95.8% at PSA levels of <0.5, 0.5–1.0., 1.1–2.0, 2.1–5.0, and 5.0–10.0, respectively. The most common site of recurrence was in the prostate gland/bed at all PSA levels. Pelvic, extra-pelvic, and combined pelvic and extra-pelvic sites of recurrence were seen in 118, 50, and 33 patients, respectively. The risk of extra-pelvic recurrence increases with rising PSA levels. 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT has a high lesion detection rate for biochemical recurrence of PCa in patients previously treated with primary local therapy.
Axially Loaded Magnetic Resonance Imaging Identification of the Factors Associated with Low Back-Related Leg Pain
Authors: Lorenc Tomasz , Glinkowski Wojciech Michał , Gołębiowski Marek
Published: August 2021

This retrospective observational study was conducted to identify factors associated with low back-related leg pain (LBLP) using axially loaded magnetic resonance imaging (AL-MRI). Ninety patients with low back pain (LBP) underwent AL-MRI of the lumbar spine. A visual analog scale and patient pain drawings were used to evaluate pain intensity and location and determine LBLP cases. The values of AL-MRI findings were analyzed using a logistic regression model with a binary dependent variable equal to one for low back-related leg pain and zero otherwise. Logistic regression results suggested that intervertebral joint effusion (odds ratio (OR) = 4.58; p = 0.035), atypical ligamenta flava (OR = 5.77; p = 0.003), and edema of the lumbar intervertebral joint (OR = 6.41; p = 0.003) were more likely to be present in LBLP patients. Advanced disc degeneration (p = 0.009) and synovial cysts (p = 0.004) were less frequently observed in LBLP cases. According to the AL-MRI examinations, the odds of having LBLP are more likely if facet effusion, abnormal ligamenta flava, and lumbar facet joint edema are present on imaging than if not. The assessment of lumbar spine morphology in axial loaded MRI adds value to the potential understanding of LBLP, but further longitudinal and loaded–unloaded comparative studies are required to determine the role of acute dynamic changes and instability in LBLP development.
Elastography and Metalloproteinases in Patients at High Risk of Preterm Labor
Authors: Dymanowska-Dyjak Izabela , Stupak Aleksandra , Kondracka Adrianna , Gęca Tomasz , Krzyżanowski Arkadiusz , Kwaśniewska Anna
Published: August 2021

Preterm birth (PTB) is the leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Its etiopathology is multifactorial; therefore, many of the tests contain the assessment of the biochemical factors and ultrasound evaluation of the cervix in patients at risk of preterm delivery. The study aimed at evaluating the socioeconomic data, ultrasound examinations with elastography, plasma concentrations of MMP-8 and MMP-9 metalloproteinases, and vaginal secretions in the control group as well as patients with threatened preterm delivery (high-risk patients). The study included 88 patients hospitalized in the Department of Obstetrics and Pregnancy Pathology, SPSK 1, in Lublin. Patients were qualified to the study group (50) with a transvaginal ultrasonography of cervical length (CL) ≤ 25 mm. The control group (38) were patients with a physiological course of pregnancy with CL > 25 mm. In the study group, the median length of the cervix was 17.49 mm. Elastographic parameters: strain and ratio were 0.20 and 0.83. In the control group, the median length of the cervix was 34.73 mm, while the strain and ratio were 0.20 and 1.23. In the study group, the concentration of MMP-8 in the serum and secretions of the cervix was on average 74.17 and 155.46 ng/mL, but in the control group, it was significantly lower, on average 58.49 and 94.19 ng/mL. The concentration of MMP-9 in both groups was on the same level. Evaluation of the cervical length and measurement of MMP-8 concentration are the methods of predicting preterm delivery in high-risk patients. The use of static elastography did not meet the criteria of a PTB marker.
Endoscopic and Endoscopically-Assisted Resection of Intraventricular Lesions Using a Neuroendoscopic Ultrasonic Aspirator
Authors: Ebel Florian , Greuter Ladina , Licci Maria , Guzman Raphael , Soleman Jehuda
Published: August 2021

The development of minimally invasive neuroendoscopy has advanced in recent years. The introduction of the neuroendoscopic ultrasonic aspirator (NUA) broadened the treatment spectrum of neuroendoscopy. We aim to describe our experience with the use of NUA for the resection of intraventricular lesions. Here, we present consecutive retrospective case series of adult and pediatric patients undergoing resection of an intraventricular lesion with a NUA (Endoscopic Neurosurgical Pen, Söring GmbH, Quickborn, Germany) between January 2019 and April 2020. Eight patients between the age of 0.5 and 73 years underwent surgery using NUA and were included in this study. In four patients, an endoscopic assisted (EA) resection of the lesion was undertaken, while in four patients, the lesion was removed using purely endoscopic (PE) resection. In all cases, gross/near total resection was achieved. The average blood loss was 142.5 ± 90.4 mL (range 50–300 mL). Transient morbidity was seen in four patients (50%), while permanent morbidity or mortality did not occur. The NUA seems to be a safe and valuable tool for the minimally invasive resection of intraventricular lesions in selected cases. The type, size, consistency, and vascularization of the lesion limit at times the purely endoscopic use of the NUA.
Left Ventricular Diastolic Function Following Anthracycline-Based Chemotherapy in Patients with Breast Cancer without Previous Cardiac Disease—A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Mincu Raluca I. , Lampe Lena F. , Mahabadi Amir A. , Kimmig Rainer , Rassaf Tienush , Totzeck Matthias
Published: August 2021

Background: Anthracycline-based chemotherapy (ANT) remains among the most effective therapies for breast cancer. Cardiotoxicity from ANT represents a severe adverse event and may predominantly manifest as heart failure. While it is well-recognised that left ventricular systolic heart failure assessment is key in ANT-treated patients, less is known about the relevance of LV diastolic functional impairment and its characterisation. Methods: Studies reporting on echocardiographic diastolic function parameters before and after ANT in breast cancer patients without cardiac disease were included. We evaluated pulsed wave (E/A ratio and mitral E-wave deceleration time (EDT)) and tissue Doppler (mean velocities of the mitral ring in the early diastole (e′) and E/e′ ratio) echocardiographic parameters. Results: A total of 892 patients from 13 studies were included. E/A ratio was significantly reduced at the end of ANT while EDT was not influenced by ANT. Additionally, e’ and E/e’ ratio showed no significant change after ANT. A modest reduction in LV ejection fraction and global longitudinal strain was observed at the end of ANT therapy. Conclusions: ANT had a modest early impact on E/A ratio, without changing EDT, e’, or E/e’ in patients with breast cancer without cardiac disease. Randomised studies on larger populations, using new parameters are required to define the role of diastolic dysfunction in the early diagnosis of ANT-induced cardiotoxicity.
Mechanical and Microstructural Response of Aluminum Composites Reinforced with Ceramic Micro-Particles
Authors: Castillo-Robles José A. , Dimas-Muñoz Alicia P. , Rodríguez-García José A. , Calles-Arriaga Carlos A. , Armendáriz-Mireles Eddie N. , Pech-Rodríguez Wilian J. , Rocha-Rangel Enrique
Published: August 2021

Aluminum matrix composites have recently taken an important role in advanced applications because they have a good combination of physical and chemical properties. For this reason, in this work, aluminum composites, with additions of ceramic particles (mullite or tungsten carbide), were manufactured in order to determine the effect of those particles on the mechanical properties and microstructure of aluminum. The manufacture of the composites was carried out by means of powder metallurgy. We studied composites with additions of 0.5 and 1 vol.% of the respective ceramic. Composites were sintered at 580 and 601 °C, which corresponds to 88 and 91% of the melting point of aluminum, respectively. Observations in SEM, together with EDX analysis, confirm that mullite particles are located at intragranular and transgranular positions of the aluminum matrix, while tungsten carbide particles were found mostly at intragranular areas of the matrix. From the analysis of the studied ceramics, it was found that with the use of mullite, there are greater improvements in the hardness and elastic modulus of the manufactured composite.
Visible Light Spectrum Extraction from Diffraction Images by Deconvolution and the Cepstrum
Authors: Toivonen Mikko E. , Talvitie Topi , Rajani Chang , Klami Arto
Published: August 2021

Accurate color determination in variable lighting conditions is difficult and requires special devices. We considered the task of extracting the visible light spectrum using ordinary camera sensors, to facilitate low-cost color measurements using consumer equipment. The approach uses a diffractive element attached to a standard camera and a computational algorithm for forming the light spectrum from the resulting diffraction images. We present two machine learning algorithms for this task, based on alternative processing pipelines using deconvolution and cepstrum operations, respectively. The proposed methods were trained and evaluated on diffraction images collected using three cameras and three illuminants to demonstrate the generality of the approach, measuring the quality by comparing the recovered spectra against ground truth measurements collected using a hyperspectral camera. We show that the proposed methods are able to reconstruct the spectrum, and, consequently, the color, with fairly good accuracy in all conditions, but the exact accuracy depends on the specific camera and lighting conditions. The testing procedure followed in our experiments suggests a high degree of confidence in the generalizability of our results; the method works well even for a new illuminant not seen in the development phase.
Botanical composition dynamics in fodder agrophytocenoses based on legume-cereal herbs
Authors:   Mari Research Institute of Agriculture, a branch of the FSBSI “Federal Agricultural Research Center of the North-East named after N. V. Rudnitsky, Svechnikov A.K. , Kozlova L.M. ,   Federal Agricultural Research Center of the North-East named after N. V. Rudnitsky
Published: August 2021

Various ecological and biological factors, including the composition of grass mixtures in crop rotation, affect the state of agrophytocenosis. The purpose of the research was to reveal the regularities of changes in the botanical composition of crops in forage agrophytocenoses depending on the duration of perennial legume-cereal grasses cultivation. The experiment was conducted according to B. A. Dospekhov’s “Methods of field research” on the experimental field of the Mari Research Institute of Agriculture, a branch of the FSBSI “Federal Agricultural Research Center of the North-East” in 2013–2018. In a two-factor field experiment, we studied the botanical composition dynamics in three six-field grain-grass crop rotations and goat-rump grass mixture (Factor A) with and without nitrogen fertilizing against the background of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers (Factor B). Soil of the experimental plots – sod-podzolic mid loamy. The meteorological conditions of the growing seasons were often unfavorable; therefore, the crops were strongly suppressed. The most drought-resistant species (sunflower, winter rye, alfalfa and barley with a mass fraction of 55 %, 97 %, 20 % and 96 %, respectively) had an advantage over weeds in grass mixtures by weight in the spring-summer period during the third rotation of the studied crop rotations. Plants of red clover and white mustard in the catch crop were strongly suppressed by drought. The clover-alfalfa-timothy grass mixture was replaced by forbs from 36 % in mass in the first year of use with a step of 23 % in subsequent years. After the 15-year usage, the second component in the grass mixture monocrop (Galega orientalis Lam. + Bromus inermis Leyss) completely dropped out. Non-sown grasses faster replaced the crop components of the herbage on the fields without nitrogen fertilizing. Thus, the crop rotation fields with the richly diverse crops composition and the nitrogen application were infested with fewer weeds (4.0–10.6 % by mass).
THE EFFECT OF TOTAL ASSETS, OWN CAPITAL AND REVENUE ON THE REST OF BUSINESS RESULTS ON COOPERATIVE PARTNER MANDIRI INDRAGIRI HULU REGENCY
Authors: Hapsila Angga , Astarina Ivalaina , Ramadan Gilang
Published: August 2021

This research is a quantitative research conducted totested and analyzed the effect of total assets, equity and income partially on the remaining operating results at the Mitra Mandiri Cooperative, Indragiri Hulu Regency. This study uses secondary data by looking at the financial statements of the Mandiri Mitra Cooperative. The author performs data processing using multiple linear regression which processes it using SPSS (statistical package for social science) version 21 to get the output to conclude the results of this study. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the number of assets has a significant effect on the remaining operating results and own capital has a significant effect on the remaining operating results while partially income has no significant effect on the remaining operating results.
Performance e nostalgia na música brega
Authors: Soares Thiago , Alves Pedro
Published: August 2021

Performances nostálgicas são centrais para o entendimento das construções valorativas nas músicas populares periféricas brasileiras. O artigo busca analisar como a nostalgia é performatizada na música brega de Pernambuco, a partir de um debate que incide em reconhecer roteiros perfomáticos (TAYLOR, 2013) e acionamentos nostálgicos (BOYM, 2001) como forma de reinserção de artistas “esquecidos” no contexto de intensa jovialização do gênero musical. Centra-se o olhar sobre a banda Amigas do Brega, projeto que visa a reinserção de artistas “das antigas” nos mercados musicais local e nacional intensamente jovializado a partir da emergência das práticas digitais de consumo musical sobretudo após a consagração do bregafunk. Entende-se que a ausência de arquivos e de marcadores históricos da música brega opera sobre a disputa por espaços de memória em que a corporificação do passado atua como importante capital para artistas musicais. A análise centra-se num espetáculo registrado em DVD e disposto na plataforma de vídeos YouTube a partir das categorias de nostalgia restauradora e reflexiva, propostas por Boym, apontando zonas tensivas entre memória e esquecimento nas negociações performáticas que emergem nas músicas populares periféricas brasileiras.
Memória e imaginário da Covid-19 no Jornal Nacional: o hospital no cotidiano midiatizado
Authors: Ayres Gomes Denise Cristina , Rezende Ribeiro Renata
Published: August 2021

O artigo pertence a uma pesquisa ampliada que investiga a representação da pandemia da Covid-19 no Brasil como fotografia de um país atravessado pelo imaginário da morte (incluindo sua banalização). A partir de fragmentos audiovisuais, por meio de reportagens do Jornal Nacional, nas edições do mês de janeiro de 2021, a proposta, neste texto, é refletir sobre o hospital como constructo simbólico, levando em conta a narrativa midiatizada do cotidiano brasileiro, que é sintoma (e se torna memória) de um país em crise. O objetivo é demonstrar como tais narrativas organizam e desorganizam estruturas de sentido, constituindo um imaginário coletivo (MAFFESOLI; SILVA) de uma época. Para fins heurísticos, a metodologia combina percurso bibliográfico, pesquisa exploratória e análise de conteúdo, levando em conta a base teórica de narrativa (segundo RICOEUR), considerando-a como mediação que desenvolve a materialidade do sentido da própria experiência. No corpus de 36 ocorrências, verificamos que as câmeras devassam o espaço hospitalar, evidenciando o que até então concernia à intimidade: os doentes e mortos são espiados de formas dramáticas e celebratórias. As narrativas midiáticas revelam o imaginário disruptivo que será, em parte, constituidor da memória da nação.
Sclérose en plaques de l’enfant et de l’adolescent – nouvelles thérapies et diagnostics différentiels importants
Authors: Bigi Sandra , Hackenberg Annette
Published: August 2021

La sclérose en plaques (SEP) pédiatrique fait partie des maladies inflammatoires chroniques acquises du SNC de l’enfant et adolescent. Du point de vue physiopathologique se produit, suite à une atteinte de la barrière hémato-encéphalique, une invasion par des cellules inflammatoires et des cytokines, occasionnant des foyers inflammatoires locaux avec œdème et altération de la myéline.
ELASTIC DEFORMATIONS DURING FLAT GRINDING OF LOW-RIGIDITY PRISMATIC WORKPIECES
Authors: Tyshkevich V. N. , Nosenko V. A. , Sarazov A. V. , Orlov S. V.
Published: August 2021

The flat grinding of low-rigidity prismatic workpieces side surfaces is investigated. Mathematical models of the maximum elastic deformation of prismatic workpieces during fixing and machining have been developed. Contact deformations of the surfaces of the workpiece and the machine table are taken into account. An experimental verification of the developed models was carried out.
THE PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF LNG PRODUCTION PROJECTS IN RUSSIA
Authors: Drapak K. A. , Krylov E. G. , Makarov A. M. , Kozlovtseva N. V.
Published: August 2021

The article considers the main LNG production projects in Russia, taking into account their capacities, the largest regasification terminals in Europe, as well as the ratio of the growth of demand and supply for LNG in the world. A comparative analysis of the installed capacity at the LNG production facilities and its impact on the increase in profits is given. An assessment of the efficiency of LNG plants is described, taking into account the Nelson index.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN AUTOMATED SYSTEM FOR EVAPORATIVE COOLING OF METHODICAL FURNACES USING HYDRAULICNOZZLES AND DROPLET BOILING OF LIQUID
Authors: Panuylaitis A. S. , Barabanov V. G. , Vasiliev P. S.
Published: August 2021

A new system for evaporative cooling of continuous furnaces has been developed. The development process is described. An automation scheme for this evaporative cooling device has been developed. The description of the main elements of the system is given. The main advantages of using hydraulic nozzles are described. The process of functioning of the new automated system is described in detail.
Presentación
Authors: Panizo Santos Ignacio
Published: August 2021

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Transcribiendo a Gustav y Marisa
Authors: Camiño López Candela
Published: August 2021

A través del testimonio directo de Gustav Henningsen y Marisa Rey-Henningsen, grabado y transcrito para su utilización como fuente principal, nos adentramos en los recuerdos de sus años de investigación en España. Empezando por su trabajo de campo en Galicia, pasando por sus descubrimientos en el Archivo Histórico Nacional hasta sus estancias en Pamplona, abordamos su vida diaria, forma de trabajar, contactos y el ambiente que les rodeó. Ambos testimonios permiten conocer el lado más personal de las contribuciones historiográficas del danés, al mismo tiempo que iluminan la voz y la labor de su principal colaboradora, su mujer.
Entre impostores anda el juego en el Siglo de Oro. Dos vizcaínos ante la Inquisición y unos conversos toledanos próximos a Garibay
Authors: Gómez Vozmediano Miguel Fernando
Published: August 2021

En el reinado de Felipe II proliferaron los impostores, personas que fingieron ser otras para prosperar o delinquir. Entre las relaciones de causas y causas de fe de la Inquisición toledana hemos identificado a varios vizcaínos, como se calificaba a los vascos y navarros en la corona de Castilla. Además, el aura de limpieza de sangre e hidalguía universal que orbitaba sobre ellos es aprovechado por una estirpe judeoconversa de laCiudad Imperial, los San Pedro, para pasarse por oriundos del norte peninsular. La microhistoria nos permite vislumbrar la consideración de este colectivo en el corazón del Imperio español, sus estrategias de enriquecimiento o supervivencia.
Donación del fondo bibliográfico y documental Gustav Henningsen y Marisa Rey a la Universidad Pública de Navarra
Authors: Montoya Ortigosa Iñaki
Published: August 2021

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El derecho a la educación superior en acción: Experiencias estudiantiles en torno al acceso y la permanencia durante el primer año de la Licenciatura en Psicología de la Universidad de la República
Authors:   , Carbajal Toma Sandra Lourdes
Published: August 2021

El propósito de la presente tesis se centra en generar conocimiento sobre algunas particularidades de la permanencia estudiantil en relación al ingreso y acceso a las universidades desde la perspectiva del derecho a la educación. Tiene como objeto de estudio las experiencias estudiantiles sucedidas en el año de ingreso a la Facultad de Psicología de la Universidad de la República en Uruguay, y toma el período 2007 a 2017. De manera general, propone profundizar en el conocimiento de las cualidades subjetivas de las experiencias estudiantiles que pone en diálogo tres dimensiones de la subjetividad: en relación a sí (intrasubjetiva), en la relación entre pares y con docentes (intersubjetiva) y experiencias en relación a las propuestas institucionales (dimensión transubjetiva) durante el año de ingreso a la universidad en torno a la permanencia en la Facultad de Psicología. Los objetivos específicos se centran en el estudio de la subjetividad en cada una de las dimensiones definidas. Se reconoce que los aspectos intra, inter y transubjetivos se interpenetran y forman parte de la complejidad del fenómeno humano, por lo que se aíslan solo a efectos analíticos. La investigación se nutre de marcos teóricos multirreferenciales: aportes sociológicos en torno a la igualdad/desigualdad en educación, los estudios sobre educación superior, y psicológicos en torno a la educación, la psicología social e institucional y el psicoanálisis. El abordaje metodológico es de corte cualitativo y se trata de un diseño flexible con enfoque narrativo que adopta la perspectiva del estudio de caso instrumental. Como herramientas de recolección de datos primarios se realiza un total de diecinueve entrevistas individuales y cuatro grupales que aportan perspectivas diferentes y complementarias al análisis de las experiencias individuales y vinculares, a lo que se sumó la recopilación de fuentes documentales y estadísticas secundarias sobre la temática. Los resultados colaboran con la comprensión de los aspectos intrasubjetivos de la experiencia vivida durante el año de ingreso a la Universidad, referido a los efectos de la transición que se sitúa en el orden del ser. En los aspectos vinculares da cuenta de efectos diferentes producidos por el relacionamiento entre pares, con docentes y en torno a las propuestas institucionales que dejan huellas en la subjetividad y se constituyen a la vez en señales de las posibilidades igualitarias de la universidad pública.
Optimalisasi Perencanaan Perbaikan Strategis Dengan Pelaksanaan Standar Akreditasi Pascasurvei
Authors: Sumadi Aam , Sumarno Agus
Published: August 2021

Latar Belakang: Rumah Sakit yang telah mendapatkan status akreditasi nasional diwajibkan membuat Perencanaan Perbaikan Strategis (PPS) sesuai dengan rekomendasi surveyor untuk memenuhi standar pelayanan rumah sakit yang belum tercapai. Rumah Sakit (RS) menyampaikan PPS ke Komisi Akreditasi Rumah Sakit (KARS) satu bulan setelah survei akreditasi. PPS merupakan strategi/ pendekatan yang akan diterapkan RS untuk menangani setiap temuan sebagai tindak lanjut dan bukti komitmen langkah-langkah yang akan dilakukan dalam memenuhi standar yang belum dilaksanakan dalam waktu satu tahun. Implementasi PPS dilihat saat survei verifikasi yang bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi RS dalam mempertahankan, dan atau meningkatkan mutu pelayanan RS sesuai dengan rekomendasi dari surveior.  

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara variabel independen, yaitu PPS dengan variabel dependen yaitu hasil survei verifikasi akreditasi 1 di RS yang terakreditasi paripurna Standar Nasional Akreditasi Rumah Sakit (SNARS) edisi 1.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan kuantitatif observasional dengan menganalisis data retrospektif, bersumber dari big data KARS yaitu dokumentasi RS yang telah dilakukan dengan kriteria inklusi yaitu 8 RS yang telah dilakukan survei verifikasi ke 1 dan memiliki PPS. penilaian akreditasi oleh KARS periode 1 Januari 2018 sampai dengan 31 Desember 2019, dengan perhitungan sampel 61 RS.

Hasil: Hasil penilaian survei verifikasi 1 yang terpenuhi 65,5%, dan belum terpenuhi 37,5%. Dari 37,5% yang belum terpenuhi terdapat peningkatan pada semua standar sebesar 16,23% dari 25,5% pada saat survei. Variabel PPS yang lengkap 37,5%, dan tidak lengkap 65,5% dengan sub variabel metode perbaikan yang dibuat oleh RS dengan rerata 91,75 dengan nilai tertinggi, artinya RS memahami strategi yang dilaksanakan dan sub variabel kesesuaian waktu implementasi maksimal 1 bulan setelah survei dengan rerata 45,75 merupakan nilai terendah, artinya RS belum mengimplementasikan metode perbaikan berdasarkan target waktu yang direncanakan.

Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini menunjukkan PPS tidak ada hubungannya dengan hasil survei verifikasi. Disarankan bahwa PPS harus dibuat sesuai dengan standar dan dilaksanakan dengan baik sesuai target waktu yang direncanakan.
Perubahan Perilaku Pelayanan Anestesi Dan Bedah Di Rumah Sakit Pada Era New Normal Di Kota Makassar
Authors: Prawirodihardjo Leo , Muliarini Prita , Rubianti Shila , Salna Hana , Sumarsono Edi
Published: August 2021

Latar Belakang: Pelayanan kesehatan moderen sedang dihadapkan pada situasi yang mencekam, yaitu dengan pandemi severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Pembedahan sebagai salah satu pelayanan emergensi dan elektif di Rumah Sakit (RS) juga harus menyesuaikan kondisi pandemi, karena dapat menjadi area berisiko tinggi transmisi infeksi saluran pernapasan serta dapat mempercepat dan memperparah progresivitas penyakit.

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi standar dan elemen penilaian Pelayanan Anestesi dan Bedah (PAB) dalam Standard Nasional Akreditasi Rumah Sakit (SNARS) Edisi 1.1 yang memerlukan pengembangan dalam perubahan perilaku pelayanan anestesi dan bedah di RS di masa new normal pasca pandemi.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui in-depth interview pada informan yang ditentukan secara snow-ball sampling. Partisipan berasal dari enam RS di Makassar yang berjumlah 30 orang, terdiri atas dokter spesialis kebidanan dan kandungan, dokter spesialis anestesi, dokter spesialis bedah, dokter umum, perawat kamar operasi, dan perawat/bidan di unit rawat inap. Analisis data dilaksanakan melalui pendekatan latent analysis, peneliti melakukan interpretasi secara ekstensif untuk menemukan makna teks yang mendasarinya. Analisis data dilakukan melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan.

Hasil: Terdapat tiga konteks utama yang perlu dibenahi selama masa pandemi dan new normal, yaitu alur pasien dan petugas, penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD), dan metode skrining untuk pasien. Seluruh responden menyatakan bahwa alur pasien dan petugas masih sama seperti masa sebelum pandemi sehingga harus dipisahkan, penggunaan APD yang standar sudah tepat dan benar namun belum ada evaluasi rutin terkait kepatuhan penggunaan APD, serta masih belum jelas metode skrining pasien yang baku, efisien, dan efektif.

Kesimpulan: Diperlukan perubahan perilaku dalam menerapkan alur pelayanan pasien di kamar operasi, penggunaan APD yang sesuai standar. Diperlukan penetapan metode skrining pasien yang jelas demi melindungi tenaga kesehatan dan lingkungan RS. Diperlukan sosialisasi secara intensif dan berkelanjutan kepada para pasien tentang pentingnya dan asas manfaat dari standar operasional prosedur yang diterapkan pada masa pandemi dan new normal.
Penerapan Standar Akreditasi Terhadap Mutu Dan Keselamatan Pasien Sebelum Dan Selama Pandemi Covid 19
Authors: Asmirajanti Mira , Aliyupiudin Yufi , Rusmini Sri , Rumondang Patricia R , Chanafie Djuariah , Supyono Supyono
Published: August 2021

Latar Belakang: Rumah sakit sebagai institusi pemberi jasa pelayanan kesehatan kepada masyarakat harus memperhatikan mutu dan keselamatan pasien. Keselamatan pasien harus dijadikan budaya oleh semua tenaga kesehatan di rumah sakit sehingga dapat meningkatkan mutu pelayanan. Masyarakat berhak mendapat pelayanan kesehatan yang menjamin kenyamanan, keamanan dan keselamatan. Rumah sakit harus mempersiapkan sarana prasarana, ketenagaan, pelayanan dan keselamatan pasien sesuai dengan standar yang telah ditetapkan baik sebelum atau di masa pandemi Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19).

Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh penerapan standar akreditasi terhadap mutu dan keselamatan pasien, pada sebelum dan di masa Pandemi Covid–19.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif cross sectional dengan insidental sampel sebanyak 384 tenaga kesehatan di tiga RS penerima pasien Covid-19, yaitu di Bogor, Semarang dan Solo. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus–Oktober 2020. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner hasil elaborasi mengacu pada Standar Nasional Akreditasi RS (SNARS) yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitas, serta disebarkan melalui formulir elektronik. Data dianalisis secara univariat, bivariat dan multivariat dengan regresi linear multipel.

Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan sebelum dan selama pandemi sebesar 1,72% pada standar keselamatan, 1.07% pada standar pelayanan, 1,86% pada standar sarana prasarana, 0,38% pada standar ketenagaan, dan 1,45% pada standar mutu dan keselamatan pasien. Standar keselamatan dan standar pelayanan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap mutu pelayanan dan keselamatan pasien setiap kali melaksanakan standar keselamatan, dan standar pelayanan akan meningkatkan 0,95 dan 1,05 kali mutu pelayanan dan keselamatan pasien sebelum dan di masa pandemi Covid-19 (p<0,00). 

Kesimpulan: Semua rumah sakit telah menerapkan standar akreditasi dalam pemberian pelayanan kepada pasien. Rumah sakit harus mengelola dan mengawasi keselamatan pasien, pemberian pelayanan, sarana prasarana dan ketenagaan secara terus menerus selama menghadapi peningkatan jumlah pasien Covid-19 agar mutu pelayanan dan keselamatan pasien tetap terjamin.