bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Technology basis of digital business-model with land assessment function
Authors: Adadimova L Y , Polulyakh Y G , Brizgalin T V
Published: March 2021

The chief purpose of the investigation was the creation and theoretical foundation of the main features of the technology basis of digital agrarian business-model, which allows to estimate the value of the useable land. Methodological information was theories of constant accounting, technological theories of scientific revolutions, and theories of stages of economic growth. We applied abstract-logical technique of research, modeling methods, formalization procedure and another approaches. The database included tables of annual accounting reports of agricultural organizations and technological maps of crop cultivation. We suggest the term "Technology basis of the digital agrarian business-model," which constitute a combination of three factors of agricultural production, which are closely related. These factors are soil fertility and technological attributes of lands; climate indicators; innovative technologies which use geographic information systems. The most important part of the technology basis of the agrarian business-model is the process maps of crop cultivation, which used as digital twins of real production processes. However, the basis also includes the annual accounting report of agricultural organizations using the software products of the 1C platform after their adaptation. Adaptation of 1C-accounting platform applications means the separation agricultural procedures and production costs between their variable and constant costs (this step is necessary to calculate the efficiency of applied technologies and economic assessment of used land), the creation of a cluster for technological monitoring and forecast of crop yield, as well as the introduction of a managing cluster in application. This last one is capable of evaluating the effectiveness of various innovative products, optimizing the use of available resources, combining the technological module with the geographic information environment. The main function of technology basis is to estimate the value of the used land based on balance between the correlation of natural to artificial fertility of soils and the correlation of constant to variable costs.
Socially responsible investing of agricultural business as an element of sustainable development of agriculture
Authors: Chudinov O O
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to one of the most modern areas of economy and management: corporate social responsibility and its component part, such as socially responsible investing. In addition, the article reveals the importance of this direction of economic activity for enterprises in the agricultural sector, as well as the need for this work for sustainable business development in modern socio-economic conditions. It is proved that existing and proven technologies of socially responsible investment can be applied in agriculture, allowing it to develop in new directions, but this type of activity is not popular at present, due to low awareness. Recommendations are given on popularization and possible resources for disclosure of information in this area of work and how to apply it in practice.
Model of investment process of complex modernization of machine systems in potato production
Authors: Kulov A R
Published: March 2021

The article deals with the problems and certain economic aspects of forming a model of the investment process of complex modernization of the machine system in potato production. The article analyzes the main factors that prevent the widespread introduction of advanced systems of machines for growing potatoes in various regions of Russia. It is proposed to use, along with measures of state support for direct commodity producers, economic instruments to stimulate the creation of agricultural investment partnerships focused primarily on accumulating and investing capital in the acquisition of advanced technologies and machine systems in agriculture, regardless of the financial and economic state of economic entities, including for small and micro commodity producers.
Development ways of industrial horticulture in Russia in the conditions of the economy digitalization
Authors: Velibekova L A , Dogeev G D , Kaziyev M-R A
Published: March 2021

The paper considers the issues of introduction of digital technology to one of the key sectors of agriculture, horticulture, due to the need for a speedy increase in domestic fruit production, making high-tech jobs, and improving socio-economic development of rural areas. The main directions of digitalization in industrial horticulture are considered, which is defined as the use of automated systems, robotic equipment, remote control of technological processes at all stages of production, as well as the systematization of the data obtained using special programs. The achievements of Russian scientists in creating the “smart garden” system and the advantages of its implementation in industrial gardens are presented. It is noted that the development and implementation of information technologies will increase the efficiency of economic processes and the competitiveness of the industry as a whole.
Using the experience of digital transformation of tax authorities to harmonize customs activities
Authors: Krutikov V K , Dorozhkina T V , Alekseeva E V
Published: March 2021

The paper reveals the features and problems present in the process of implementing digital economy technologies that prevent the provision of a level of cooperation adequate to modern requirements between national and foreign customs structures, as well as representatives of the business community. Proposals are made to implement promising, structural, institutional and technological innovative approaches to creating customs activities using the positive experience of successful transformation of the Russian tax authorities, which allowed building a harmonious interaction with taxpayers, taking into account their expectations and needs. The current processes of globalization are characterized by complexity, inconsistency, uncertainty, and often the predominance of politics over common sense. Effective, highly professional reform of the Russian tax authorities is a convincing example, not so much of a technological breakthrough, but of the prospects and harmony of the new innovative thinking of country leaders, government representatives, businesses and citizens. In the face of various challenges, having overcome the “psychology of a besieged fortress” [1], the Russian leadership and the system of national tax authorities have found inclusive approaches to constructive dialogue and cooperation with the international Organization for economic cooperation and development (OECD). In turn, the OECD, clearly demonstrating the predominance of economic interests over politics, has provided an opportunity to study and implement the most advanced and promising world achievements in Russian tax administration, based on the highest level of human capital and the fruits of freedom and human creativity. The authors of the article, using a concrete example, defend the point of view that constructive transformations, stable, sustainable mutually beneficial development of international relations and socio-economic relations within any country, are achieved only through mutual dialogue, trust and exchange of achievements of civilization.
Prospects to create and apply artificial intelligence in the activities of public authorities
Authors: Kadyrova G M , Shedko Y N , Orlanyuk-Malitskaya L A , Bril D V
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the research of conceptual sources to create and apply artificial intelligence in the activities of public authorities. The author systematizes scientific developments on application of artificial intelligence, robotics, computer technologies and other information tools in the activities of public authorities. The concept of "intellectual management" has been reviewed and its importance for implementation in the activities of public authorities has been determined. The history of global intellectual governance development is described. The world positive and negative experience of introducing cyberdemocracy, electronic government, electronic requests and other technologies in public administration was analyzed. Prospects for governance intellectualization in public authorities of the Russian Federation have been defined. It has been found that attempts to intellectualize governance are being actively introduced on a global scale, but this process is time-consuming and has many obstacles which the study is focused on.
Digitalization of the economy in the provincial region: main trends and problems
Authors: Belokur O S , Tsvetkova G S , Maslikhina V Y
Published: March 2021

The purpose of the study is to analyze the processes of the economy digitalization of the provincial region, to assess their impact on the innovative development of the region through the case of the Mari El Republic. A comparative analysis of the use of digital technologies in the region, in the Volga Federal District (VFD) and Russia is carried out. A pronounced relationship between the indicators of digitalization and innovative activity in the Mari El Republic is revealed on the basis of correlation analysis. The relatively low level of digital infrastructure and digital literacy, and the low level of demand for digital technologies from local businesses are among the main limitations of the economy digitalization. At the same time, the formation of a favorable institutional environment and overall positive dynamics of the main indicators of the economy digitalization, a high level of state support due to the implementation of national and regional programs in the field of the digital economy were revealed. The drivers of digital transformation were organizations in the field of information technology and telecommunications, the electronics industry and universities. The main conclusion of the study is that the digitalization of the regional economy contributes to its innovative development and increased competitiveness.
Cost management models in agricultural business
Authors: Bondina N N , Bondin I A , Pavlova I V
Published: March 2021

Any business, no matter how large it is, cannot work effectively without proper management of production costs. Some aspects of cost management have already been sufficiently studied, but new questions arise related to the industry specifics of cost formation. The paper considers the characteristics of various cost management tools, identifies conditions that restrict their use in agricultural production, justifies the selection of tools that are most adapted to the agricultural sphere of production and current Russian accounting and taxation practices, and presents a model of cost management by responsibility centers. The relationship between production costs and the final results of agricultural production organizations was studied, and potential opportunities for increasing production efficiency were identified. The composition of additional costs for the production of products with improved environmental characteristics is determined, and a method for their separate accounting for the use of various cost management tools is proposed.
Production of biological fertilizers based on worm technology in Yakutia
Authors: Stepanova D I , Grigorev M F , Grigoreva A I
Published: March 2021

The article presents the results of research on the production of biological fertilizers based on worm technology in Yakutia. Scientific experiments were conducted on the basis of the greenhouse complex of the Pokrovskoe experimental production farm in the Khangalassky district of Central Yakutia. We studied the features of worm composting in the production of biological fertilizers from different local substrates. Cattle manure and horse manure, as well as bird droppings, were used as substrates for worm composting. A hybrid of the Red California worm (Eisenia fetida) was selected for processing the substrates. The chemical composition of the substrates and the produced biological fertilizers, as well as the processing time of the substrates, and the physical properties of coprolites were studied. The substrate from cattle manure was processed by worms in 140 days, and horse manure in 60 days. At the same time, the volume of fertilizer produced was 2.90 and 2.95 kg. In the course of research, it was established that biological fertilizers had an optimal content of organic matter, biogenic elements of plant nutrition (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium), while the content of heavy metals (zinc, copper, manganese, lead, cadmium) did not exceed the norms. The use of biological fertilizer produced from horse manure in tomato cultivation has shown that the introduction of a small dose of worm compost contributed to the reduction of heavy metals in the fruit of the plant. It was also found that increasing doses of biological fertilizers from horse manure increased the microbiological activity in soil from 18. 9x106 to 31.5x106 CFU/g. Thus, these studies proved the effectiveness of worm composting from local substrates in the production of biological fertilizers in the vegetable growing system of Yakutia.
Problems of land use of water protection zones
Authors: Zhukov V D , Tsoraeva E N , Perov A U
Published: March 2021

The article deals with the problems of irrational land use in the territory of the water protection zone and coastal protective strips. Given examples represent problems of using water protection zones and coastal protection strips on the territory of Krasnodar Territory. Sections of water protection zones and borders of coastal protective strips of water bodies do not always have identification marks, so this does not prevent people from doing their own activities. The movement of vehicles on the territory of the Yasenskaya Spit negatively affects the environment. Due to the analysis, it was concluded that it is necessary to address the issues of using water bodies and land plots within coastal territories in legislation. The article raises the problems of rational use of land as a natural resource, namely, the use of land not for its intended purpose, there were examined the causes of their occurrence and there were suggests the ways to solve them. The problems of location of land plots located in water protection zones of rivers are considered on the example of specific land plots with cadastral numbers 23: 40:0508009:81 and 23:40:0000000: 2422. The legal regime of the land use located in water protection zones is considered. A distinction has been made between restrictions on the use of land plots located in the coastal protection zone and the water protection zone. As a result of the research, recommendations are given to the municipal administration on how to use these land plots in the future.
Leasing in agriculture of the Russian Federation: trends, development problems and ways to solve them
Authors: Kiritsa A A , Romanov A N , Kushnaryova M N
Published: March 2021

The agricultural machinery market is constantly updated. However, today not all Russian enterprises of the agro-industrial complex have the opportunity to purchase modern agricultural equipment, which is increasingly in demand, due to its high cost. In this situation, leasing is one of the most effective tools in the process of modernizing currently available agricultural machinery. Leasing allows the company to modernize the fleet of agricultural machinery, while giving the lessee more opportunities in the form of obtaining additional borrowed funds, optimizing taxation, and a number of others. The paper is devoted to the current situation of using leasing programs for the purchase of agricultural machinery in the framework of state support for agricultural producers. The authors analyze the effectiveness of leasing in the field of agriculture using budget funds at various levels.
Mechanisms of public-private partnership and ensuring innovation and investment activities in the region
Authors: Belyaev Yu M , Oganesyan T L , Arytyunova A E
Published: March 2021

In the paper the analysis of public-private partnership (PPP) in Russia and its regions is carried out. Based on the example of one of the most investment-attractive regions - the Krasnodar region - the in-depth review of the main financial and investment statistical indicators of the formation and operation of PPP was conducted. It is noted that due to the fact that regional legislation in the sphere was ahead of the approval of the Federal law, this led to some differences in approaches to the formation of PPP and system errors. It is emphasized that the greatest differences in approaches to PPP are observed in the formation of innovative projects, as in the absence of Federal legislation on innovation, there are errors of institutional and categorical nature, as a result of which projects of the traditional social and communal direction are sometimes called “innovative”, and they include them in statistics. As a result, it is proposed to introduce a rating by region not only on the level and volume of PPP, but also on the volume of real innovative projects and indicators of innovative development of the region, reflected in the corresponding Strategic program.
Current trends of horticulture development in the Russian Federation
Authors: Ibrahimov E U , Chutcheva Yu V , Ruseykina E S
Published: March 2021

Horticulture is a branch of agricultural production that allows to make a highly profitable industrial production of fruits and berries using intensive technologies and obtaining relevant economic results in a short time. The Russian market is not yet sufficiently developed for planting stock. According to the expert, its volume in 2019 was about 1 billion US dollars with an increase of 10-15% per year. In the world market, the share of domestic planting material is not more than 5-10%. A serious problem in the development of horticulture in Russia is the dependence on imported planting material, which is especially important in conditions of import substitution. It should be noted that orchards and berries in the country are unevenly distributed, depending on the climatic conditions of the regions, and there are grown those types of fruits and berries that are adapted to it.
Preferential regimes to ensure investment and innovation activity
Authors: Omshanova Elvina
Published: March 2021

To ensure investment and innovation, it is necessary to develop theoretical and practical aspects relating to the use of preferential investment and innovation regimes in Russia. Preferential investment and innovation regimes are both special areas of a company’s activity and special agreements which provide for guarantees and in accordance with which the fulfillment of investment obligations is regulated. Based on a comparative analysis, this article highlights the features of preferential regimes: the updated mechanism of special investment contracts (SPICs), regional investment projects (RIPs), and agreements on the protection and promotion of investments (APPIs), and analyzes their impact on investment and innovation. The results of providing preferential tax regimes and the use of SPICs and RIPs are set out below. New developments in the regulation of SPICs, agreements on the protection and promotion of investments, and the creation of special regulatory regimes (regulatory sandboxes) all help to increase investment and innovation.
Efficient production and sale of root vegetables in the Moscow region
Authors: Razin A F , Kosenko M A , Ivanova M I , Kornev A V , Sokolova L M
Published: March 2021

Based on official statistics, the analysis of the economic efficiency of production and sale of root vegetables on the example of carrots and beets in the Moscow region for the period 2012-2016 was carried out. Separate economic indicators of the largest agricultural holdings in the region are presented: CJSC “Bunyatino” and CJSC “Kulikovo”. It is indicated that in the conditions of import substitution, the average annual level of profitability of production of root vegetables by industrial technologies is 27-28%. Increasing the economic efficiency of agricultural production is reduced to increasing crop yields, improving the use of fixed and working capital, reducing the cost of production, increasing labor productivity and product quality.
Profitability of cultivation of onion interspecific hybrids
Authors: Romanov V S , Soldatenko A V , Pivovarov V F , Timin N I , Romanova O V
Published: March 2021

Based on interspecific plant crossing of the genus Allium L., with the overcoming of species incompatibility by embryo culture invitro and sterility of F1 hybrids using polyploidy, backcrossing and inbreeding of hybrid forms, cytological analysis, selection evaluation and selection of recombinant forms, highly effective technological processes for creating initial forms of onion interspecific hybrids were developed. The aim of obtaining onion interspecific hybrids is to create resistant forms of onions to false mildew. The paper shows the possibility of growing onion interspecific hybrids that are relatively resistant to false mildew without the use of fungicides to increase the economic efficiency of onion production, as well as to obtain more environmentally friendly and high-quality products.
Economic indicators characterizing the carrot import substitution in the Russian Federation
Authors: Soldatenko A V , Sokolova L M , Shatilov M V , Ivanova M I , Razin O A
Published: March 2021

The comparative analysis of changes in prices for carrots with changes in prices for fruit and vegetable products and the level of inflation is given. The analysis of the structure of imports of carrots by countries is given, and the countries that have completely stopped purchasing carrots are listed. Its consumption has not reached the rational consumption standards recommended by the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation yet, which are 17 kg per year for 1 person. Reduced supplies from foreign countries allowed national vegetable producers to increase the production of carrots. Production of carrots in Russia remains profitable even without subsidies. However, the achieved profitability does not allow for extended reproduction. The average Russian consumer prices for carrots for the months of 2018 were in the range of 27.73 … 54.56 rubles/kg.
Economic efficiency of biological preparation application in protected ground vegetable growing
Authors: Soldatenko A V , Alekseeva K L , Smetanina L G , Razin A F , Ivanova M I
Published: March 2021

The paper describes the characteristics of biologic preparations and their application in protected ground conditions. In the course of the work, it was revealed that at present, vegetables are becoming more and more popular on the market, the use of chemicals in the their cultivation is limited. As a result of the experiment, the effectiveness of the use of biologic preparation Alirin-B and Gamair against diseases of protected soil cucumber and tomato was studied. The effectiveness of chemical and biological protection systems was compared, and the economic effect of their use was calculated.
Efficiency of application of fertilizers and meliorants in vegetable growing
Authors: Borisov V A , Razin O A , Ivanova M I , Vasyukov I Y , Menshikh A M
Published: March 2021

The use of fertilizers in vegetable growing in Russia has always been highly effective, increasing the yield of vegetable crops by 20-40%, and during irrigation - by 1.5-2 times. Chemical ameliorants (lime, gypsum) are also very effective. On acidic soils, NPZ lime optimizes the response of the soil environment and reduces the harmfulness of fungal diseases, and on alkaline soils of the southern regions, the use of gypsum can dramatically reduce the incidence of vegetable plants by bacterial diseases. The combined use of organic, mineral fertilizers in combination with growth regulators and ameliorants in irrigation conditions allows to increase the yield of main crops by 37-71% on alluvial meadow soils of the Moscow region and by 81-136% on ordinary chernozem of the Rostov region, which ensures high profitability of the industry vegetable growing.
Organizational and economic assessment of the use of agricultural land in the region (based on the materials of the Oryol region)
Authors: Titkov A A , Suvorova S P , Kukanova N V
Published: March 2021

Features of the region, natural and climatic conditions and the composition of the land fund define the Oryol region as a zone of active agricultural production. A significant share of agricultural land (more than 82%) in the total land fund reflects the need to determine the efficiency of agricultural land users in the region. [8] The need for organizational and economic assessment of the use of agricultural land is determined by current trends in the field of agricultural land use and key indicators of the region, in particular, the share of the gross regional product accounted for by agricultural production. [1, 2] The paper presents a hierarchical grouping of land-use entities (agricultural organizations) according to the criterion of efficiency of agricultural land resources use in the conditions of economic activity assessment, which meets the set goal of the work. The work is complex in nature, summarizing the economic activities of 165 studied organizations included in the general sample. The developed hierarchy includes a total of 11 groups (0-10) and reflects the degree of efficiency of land use at the disposal of the analyzed agricultural producers.
State impact on innovative development of business structures
Authors: Levushkina S V
Published: March 2021

The article considers the issues of development of business structures in Russia in the conditions of transition to a new technological order through innovative development and modernization of the economy. The author defines the key problems of functioning of innovative development institutions in Russia according to their sources and key functions of the state in creating an innovative and entrepreneurial environment. The features of the regional component of the national innovation system are revealed and the role of small and mediumsized businesses in the development of regional clusters is reflected. Special attention is given to the successful functioning of innovative clusters and the important role of small innovative enterprises as a link between the leading enterprise and the research environment.
Innovative potential of a small innovative enterprise organized on the basis of University
Authors: Safaie Nasser , Romanovich M A , Domozhirova O V , Romanovich L G
Published: March 2021

The work considers current methodological issues of innovative potential of a small enterprise organized based on a Russian University. The paper contains an analysis of approaches to the concept of "innovative potential", "innovative potential of a small innovative enterprise organized on the basis of a University". The article developed and proposed the author's model, which includes 12 blocks and a scheme for defining the concept of "innovative potential" of the company. In it, taking into account our suggestions, the points of view to its definition were generalized, and a new block was added to the scheme, that will allow small enterprises to develop dynamically in the field of innovation based on higher educational institutions.

The results of the authors' research in the direction of innovative potential of small innovative enterprises organized on the basis of the University may be of interest to other universities as a learning experience, as well as Russian and foreign organizations.
Effectiveness of preparations for increasing the activity of plant growth processes at NO-TILL technology
Authors: Sorokina Svetlana Yu , Sorokin Nikolay S , Sychev S M , Okorokova O A
Published: March 2021

The priority tasks of agriculture are to reduce negative processes in the soil and implement measures to eliminate and prevent land degradation, to green agricultural production with biologization of agriculture. Further cost-effective and environmentally safe agricultural production requires optimizing the structure of the soil microflora, restoring the natural microbiological activity of the soil, and reducing the chemical load. Biologization of agriculture involves the competent use of the laws of nature, scientific achievements aimed at improving the soil, reducing the cost and improving the quality of agricultural products.

Biologization of the tillage system consists in minimizing tillage. Minimization is the correct alternation of various methods and types of processing, reducing the number and depth of treatments, replacing deep treatments with small and surface treatments, replacing mechanical treatments between rows of row crops and fallows with pesticide ones, combining a number of technological operations and techniques in one process by using aggregates and combined tools. One of the types of minimal tillage is the No-Till system, which is an agricultural system where direct sowing is carried out in untreated soil. The system also assumes the preservation of stubble or crushed plant residues (mulch) on the soil surface.

An increasing number of agricultural producers are turning to self-healing, resource-saving agriculture. Biologization of agriculture involves increasing the efficiency of assimilation of basic fertilizers due to leaf treatments with growth-stimulating drugs of various nature (microbiological, growth-regulating, based on macro- and microelements, etc.).

The study is aimed at identifying the effectiveness of using non-traditional drugs on the yield and quality indicators of agricultural crops in conditions of no tillage. The paper presents the results of experiments, the most effective and cost-effective drugs that make it possible to increase the efficiency of using No-Till technology in the conditions of the CBER.
Project-focused innovative entrepreneurship training at the University. Experience of BSTU named after V G Shukhov
Authors: Safaie Nasser , Romanovich M A , Domozhirova O V , Romanovich L G
Published: March 2021

The paper deals with current issues of implementing a project-focused model of innovative entrepreneurship teaching for students at Russian higher educational institutions. We present the dynamics of students enrolled in innovative entrepreneurship programs, projects recommended for implementation, as well as the main scientific activities of small businesses. The mechanism for training and infrastructure support of this innovative entrepreneurship training for undergraduates and postgraduates is proposed. The article analyzes the infrastructure support of innovation activities, as well as the positive experience of Belgorod State Technological University named after V G Shukhov that successfully implemented a model of educational scientific innovation complex and makes it aim to support and encourage innovative activities of young scientists and students and commercialize intellectual property of the University. The results obtained in the analysis of the process of organizing innovative activities for young scientists may be of interest to both Russian and foreign companies, scientific and research centers.
Corporate structure of innovative development management of economic entities in the agricultural sector of the regional economy
Authors: Sandu I S , Butorin S N , Kirova I V
Published: March 2021

The paper presents an analysis of the features of innovative development of the agricultural sector of the economy on the example of the Perm region. Their managerial aspect is highlighted, and the basic structures that determine the possibilities of innovative development of the agricultural sector of the regional economy are shown. It is shown that the system of advisory services, attempts to create agricultural and technical parks, agricultural biological parks, including the prototype of the territories of priority development is based theoretically and methodologically refined algorithm of obtaining and transforming knowledge in innovation-oriented structure of the agricultural sector, which is contrary to the trends of the Fourth industrial revolution, which swept almost all economic activities. A model of the organizational structure of the system of innovation-oriented management of economic entities in the agricultural sector of the region is offered.
Introgession of powdery mildew resistance into cultural pea from wild accession of P. fulvum
Authors: Bobkov S V , Selikhova T N
Published: March 2021

Wildlife pea specimen P. fulvum i-609881 of the UIP collection (Saint Petersburg, Russia) in a greenhouse box has demonstrated full resistance to powdery mildew. As a result of crossing with cultivated peas, interspecific hybrids of Stabil × i-6098881 were obtained. In populations of interspecific hybrids, the BC2F3 Stabil × i-609881 line of the leafless morphotype (af), resistant to the powdery mildew pathogen, was isolated as a result of backcrossing. As a result of crossing plants of this line with susceptible plants of the leafy (Af) variety Temp, the following series of pea hybrids was obtained. Analysis of F1 hybrids showed that all plants were characterized by resistance to the pathogen powdery mildew. In the population of F2 hybrids, a splitting analysis was performed on the basis of resistance to powdery mildew. The analysis revealed that the hybrid population consisted of 66 resistant and 20 affected plants. The actual splitting corresponded to the expected one for monogenic inheritance with a phenotype ratio of 3: 1 phenotype ratio (η05
2 test, p=0.7087438). Based on the analysis of populations of F1 and F2 hybrids, it is concluded that resistance to powdery mildew is the result of introgression of the genetic resistance factor from the genome of the P. fulvum i-609881 sample and is encoded by the dominant allele of a single gene.
Towards buckwheat breeding on high protein content with use of embryo-endosperm ratio in seeds
Authors: Bobkov S V , Zotikov V I , Mikhailova I M
Published: March 2021

Buckwheat breeding on high protein content in seeds was not previously carried out due to the lack of clear selection criteria. Based on the study of the protein content in various organs of buckwheat seed, we proposed a method for selecting a high protein content based on the ratio of the embryo and endosperm in the seed. It was found that the embryo contained 8.3 times more protein than the endosperm (49.9 % and 6.0 %, respectively). At the same time, the contribution of the embryo to the total protein content in the seed is 74 %. The use of correlation analysis shows an independent change in the mass of the embryo and endosperm, which facilitates the use of the “high proportion of the embryo in the seed” trait in the selection process. 9 varieties of buckwheat were studied by embryo mass, endosperm and embryo share in the seed. The most suitable varieties for use in breeding for high protein content are buckwheat Batyr and Bogatyr, which are characterized by low endosperm content and a high proportion of the embryo in the seed. To increase the variation in the content of the embryo and endosperm, it is proposed to use a hybrid material and search for mutations that affect the ratio of the embryo and endosperm in the seed. The basics of the method of growing buckwheat from isolated embryos in soil culture and selecting plants by the mass of viable embryos in the seed are developed.
Study of symbiotic nitrogen fixation of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in the Oryol region
Authors: Donskaya M V , Donskoy M M
Published: March 2021

Modern agriculture tends to reduce chemogenic loads on the environment and becomes more environmentally oriented. In this regard, increasing the yield of agricultural crops through the use of useful soil microflora is an urgent direction in research. In the field conditions of the Oryol region, the features of the formation and operation of symbiotic systems of 13 chickpea varieties under mono - and double inoculation with different strains of nitrogen-fixing bacteria Mesorhizobium ciceri and a soil-root mixture containing a mix of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Glomus spp were studied. The use of microbiological drugs had a positive effect on the growth and development of most chickpea varieties, which contributed to a more intensive accumulation of green mass of plants, led to an increase in the duration of the growing season by 1…7 days compared to the control. At the same time, the plants exceeded the control by 0.5…23.4% in height. There was an increase in the weight of dry plants by 0.7…70.1%, the number of seeds per plant by 0.3…69.1%, the weight of seeds per plant by 0.6…71.4%, and the weight of 1000 seeds by 0.4…36.9%. It was found that the most powerful and active symbiotic apparatus in chickpeas is formed during the flowering period – the beginning of bean formation. The maximum number of nodules was formed in the Avatar variety in the variant with mono inoculation of Mesorhizobium ciceri strain 065 and in the Krasnokutsky 123 variety in the variant with Mesorhizobium ciceri strains 527 and 522. The highest values of nitrogenase activity (109.23…155.79 mg N2/plant h) were recorded in the varieties Avatar, Krasnokutsky 123 and Kostyuzhansky 27 in the variants with double inoculation.
Revealing the component composition of the multilinear millet variety Quartet during long-term seed production
Authors: Vilyunov S D , Sidorenko V S
Published: March 2021

Reducing the pesticide load on natural and agroecosystems in the production of agricultural products in crop production is the most pressing problem of the XXI century. Use of disease-resistant varieties of agricultural crops, which makes it possible to completely exclude the use of some of the pesticides required in the technological cycle, is an ecologically and economically significant factor in modern production. Particularly important in the cultivation of disease-resistant varieties is to reduce the probability of the pathogen developing new virulent properties that overcome this resistance of the variety with a long-term existence in production. These conditions are met by multilinear varieties that are heterogeneous in nature. As an object of analysis, we took the Quartet, multilinear in terms of smut resistance, common millet variety, which has been in production since 2001. The variety, with more than 20 years of cultivation in Russia, neighboring countries, as well as Germany and Switzerland, has shown not only excellent yielding qualities, but also actual resistance to local populations of the pathogen. The authors analyzed the difference from the original composition of the component composition of the variety after many years of production, when reseeding with its own seeds, in the conditions of one farm. On the farm, the obligatory method of treating millet seeds against smut was excluded from the cultivation technology.
Predictive Modeling: An Attempt at Predicting Travel Times In Bengaluru Accounting For Geographic And Economic Effects
Authors: Sophia Jaison , Althaf S , Gautham Nambiar
Published: March 2021

The transport system of a country reflects the efficiency and growth of the country. As population increases, the number of vehicles increase, congestion and traffic increase leading to increase travel times, Evolution comes about in the transport system of a country, to increase physical connectivity and economic development, to reduce congestion and travel times. This paper aims to use machine learning algorithm on big data to understand how the effects of rainfall, temperature and pollution help predict travel times. The four machine learning algorithms used include linear regression, ridge regression, random forest regression and elastic net regression. The predicted travel times obtained by all models were compared with the observed travel times in order to determine which model gives better prediction. From the predictive modeling algorithms run on these datasets it is observed that, random forest regression is best suited in predicting travel times in Bengaluru City from ith zone to jth zone in the pth hour of weekdays and weekends after accounting for effects of pollution, temperature, rainfall and economic activity.
Cascade correlation neural network with deterministic weight modification for predicting stock market price
Authors: Velusamy K , Amalraj R
Published: March 2021

A new weight updating approach is proposed for cascade correlation neural network (CCNN) in this paper. The deterministic weight modification (DWM) algorithm is used to adjust the connection weights of CCNN. The introduced new method can improve the global convergence capability of the conventional CCNN and optimally reduced the system error. The proposed DWM+CCNN prediction algorithm is applied well-known stock market dataset in order to evaluate the robustness and efficiency. The experimental results are confirmed that the proposed DWM+CCNN algorithm is achieves higher performance in terms of convergence rate and the capability of global converges.
A Review of Different Approaches for Detecting Emotion from Text
Authors: Murthy Ashritha R , Anil Kumar K M
Published: March 2021

Emotion detection and analysis is one of the challenging and emerging issues in the field of natural language processing (NLP). Detecting an individual’s emotional state from textual data is an active area of study, along with identifying emotions from facial and audio records. The study of emotions can benefit from many applications in various fields, including neuroscience, data mining, psychology, human-computer interaction, e-learning, information filtering systems and cognitive science. The rich source of text available in the Social media, blogs, customer review, news articles can be a useful resource to explore various insights in text mining, including emotions. The purpose of this study is to provide a survey of existing approaches, models, datasets, lexicons, metrics and their limitations in the detection of emotions from the text useful for researchers in carrying out emotion detection activities.
EmoCure: Utilising Social Media Data and Smartphones to Predict and Cure Depression
Authors: Basantani Ashish , Kesarwani Yash , Bhatia Srishti , Jain Sarika
Published: March 2021

Depression is a common and recurring illness. It is a serious medical condition which might lead to self-harm. Various factors like unawareness about depression, shortage of medical health professionals and social stigmas make proper treatment for depression inaccessible. With the growing importance of technology in every sector of life, healthcare systems have also started using technology to provide better treatment. Various studies have shown that the widespread use of smartphones can be useful in predicting as well as treating depression by recommending activities. Smartphones can be very useful in the continuous monitoring of a patient which in turn helps to keep track of the activities of the patient. Social media data can also be used to find out the mental state of a patient. We propose EmoCure, a smartphone application that uses social media data, wearable sensor data, patient history, and smartphone usage patterns to predict, monitor, and treat depression using emotion regulating activities. We use machine learning models for finding out the sentiments in the social media posts. To predict depression, we use ensemble learning. We then recommend personalized emotion regulating activities whichever the user prefers.
Chaotic key generators for data security
Authors: Baby H T , Sujatha B R
Published: March 2021

The cryptography approach plays a very major role in securing systems by providing authentication, integrity, and confidentiality for the data. In recent decades, the cryptographic systems have provided novel and efficient ways of encryption. Most of these cryptographic systems need unpredictable entities-Keys. Hence Random number generator is an essential component for cryptography. In cryptography, generating random numbers is an important task, not only for generating cryptographic keys, but also for implementing cryptographic algorithms and protocols. This paper presents chaotic analog circuits to generate random numbers that is used as keys in the conventional cipher to protect the image data.
Risk Measurement and Cyber security in Industrial Control Systems
Authors: Manohar Manish , Hiriyannaiah Srinidhi , Siddesh G M , Srinivasa K. G.
Published: March 2021

In this new era of expansion in the cyber space, it is not just the IT domain that is vulnerable to cyber-attacks but also the Industrial Control Systems (ICS). ICS is vital in the functioning of almost all the industries either directly or indirectly. As we progress in the direction of Industry 4.0, the challenges with respect to the security of these systems and the data associated with it needs to be addressed. Vulnerability of these systems to various attacks in the past, increases the need for a secured infrastructure. In this paper, the security of ICS along with the importance of software patching and the calculation of the risk associated with the negligence in the process is discussed.
The eIF4E-binding protein Eap1 has similar but independent roles in cell growth and gene expression with the cytoplasmic deadenylase Ccr4
Authors: Higuchi Yudai , Fujii Shiori , Valderrama Arvin Lapiz , Irie Kaoru , Suda Yasuyuki , Mizuno Tomoaki , Irie Kenji
Published: March 2021

eIF4E-binding proteins (4E-BPs) are translational repressors that compete with eIF4G for binding to eIF4E. Here we investigated the roles of yeast 4E-BPs, Eap1, and Caf20 in cell wall integrity pathway and gene expression. We found that eap1∆ mutation, but not caf20∆ mutation, showed synthetic growth defect with mutation in ROM2 gene encoding Rho1 GEF. The eap1∆ mutation also showed synthetic lethality with mutation in CCR4 gene encoding cytoplasmic deadenylase. Ccr4 functions in the degradation of LRG1 mRNA encoding Rho1 GAP. Eap1-Y109A L114A, which could not bind to eIF4E, did not suppress the synthetic lethality of eap1∆ ccr4∆ mutant, suggesting that 4E-binding of Eap1 is important for its function. We also found that eap1∆ mutant showed the derepression of stress response gene HSP12. 4E-binding of Eap1 was also required for the repression of HSP12 expression. Our results indicate that Eap1 has similar but independent roles in cell growth and gene expression with Ccr4.
Previous Syphilis Alters the Course of Subsequent Episodes of Syphilis
Authors: Marra Christina M , Maxwell Clare L , Sahi Sharon K , Tantalo Lauren C , Dunaway Shelia B , Lukehart Sheila A
Published: March 2021

Background

The influence of previous syphilis on the course of a subsequent episode is unknown.

Methods

Individuals enrolled in a study of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) abnormalities in syphilis were allowed to enroll in the study again with subsequent syphilis. For each participant, the index episode was defined as the most recent syphilis episode for which the study entry visit was performed within 30 days of the syphilis diagnosis date. Venipuncture and lumbar puncture (LP) were performed. Total number of syphilis episodes was determined by review of medical and public health records. T. pallidum DNA in blood and rRNA in CSF were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse transcriptase PCR. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were determined by logistic regression.

Results

651 individuals had one (n = 482), two (n = 121) or three or more (n = 48) episodes of syphilis. The proportion of individuals whose index episode was early latent stage was significantly higher in those with ≥3 syphilis episodes; this relationship was reduced to a trend when rate of testing was taken into account. Adjusted odds (aOR) of detection of T. pallidum DNA in blood or rRNA in CSF at the index episode were significantly lower in those with previous syphilis (0.17 [95% CI, 0.09–0.31] and 0.15 [95% CI, 0.07–0.35]). The aOR for neurosyphilis at the index episode was also significantly lower in individuals with previous syphilis (0.54 [95% CI, 0.34–0.87]).

Conclusions

Previous syphilis attenuates the manifestations of subsequent infection with T. pallidum.