bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tumor necrosis factor drives increased splenic monopoiesis in old mice
Authors: Loukov Dessi , Naidoo Avee , Puchta Alicja , Marin Jorge L Arredondo , Bowdish Dawn M E
Published: April 2016

Aging is accompanied by changes in hematopoiesis and consequently in leukocyte phenotype and function. Although age-related changes in bone marrow hematopoiesis are fairly well documented, changes in extramedullary hematopoiesis are less well described. We observed that 18–22-mo-old mice had larger spleens than young controls and found that the enlargement was caused by increased monopoiesis. Because extramedullary hematopoiesis is often driven by inflammation, we hypothesized that the chronic, low-level inflammation that occurs with age is a causal agent in splenomegaly. To test this theory, we compared the number of monocytes in 18-mo-old tumor necrosis factor–knockout mice, which are protected from age-associated inflammation, and found that they did not have increased extramedullary monopoiesis. To determine whether increased splenic monopoiesis is caused by intrinsic changes in the myeloid precursors that occur with age or by the aging microenvironment, we created heterochronic bone marrow chimeras. Increased splenic monopoiesis occurred in old recipient mice, regardless of the age of the donor mouse, but not in young recipient mice, demonstrating that these cells respond to signals from the microenvironment. These data suggest that decreasing the inflammatory microenvironment with age would be an effective strategy for reducing inflammatory diseases propagated by cells of myeloid lineage, which increase in number with age.
Disruption of ribosome assembly in yeast blocks cotranscriptional pre-rRNA processing and affects the global hierarchy of ribosome biogenesis
Authors: Talkish Jason , Biedka Stephanie , Jakovljevic Jelena , Zhang Jingyu , Tang Lan , Strahler John R. , Andrews Philip C. , Maddock Janine R. , Woolford John L.
Published: April 2016

In higher eukaryotes, pre-rRNA processing occurs almost exclusively post-transcriptionally. This is not the case in rapidly dividing yeast, as the majority of nascent pre-rRNAs are processed cotranscriptionally, with cleavage at the A2 site first releasing a pre-40S ribosomal subunit followed by release of a pre-60S ribosomal subunit upon transcription termination. Ribosome assembly is driven in part by hierarchical association of assembly factors and r-proteins. Groups of proteins are thought to associate with pre-ribosomes cotranscriptionally during early assembly steps, whereas others associate later, after transcription is completed. Here we describe a previously uncharacterized phenotype observed upon disruption of ribosome assembly, in which normally late-binding proteins associate earlier, with pre-ribosomes containing 35S pre-rRNA. As previously observed by many other groups, we show that disruption of 60S subunit biogenesis results in increased amounts of 35S pre-rRNA, suggesting that a greater fraction of pre-rRNAs are processed post-transcriptionally. Surprisingly, we found that early pre-ribosomes containing 35S pre-rRNA also contain proteins previously thought to only associate with pre-ribosomes after early pre-rRNA processing steps have separated maturation of the two subunits. We believe the shift to post-transcriptional processing is ultimately due to decreased cellular division upon disruption of ribosome assembly. When cells are grown under stress or to high density, a greater fraction of pre-rRNAs are processed post-transcriptionally and follow an alternative processing pathway. Together, these results affirm the principle that ribosome assembly occurs through different, parallel assembly pathways and suggest that there is a kinetic foot-race between the formation of protein binding sites and pre-rRNA processing events.
Fascism in European political and legal culture of the XX century: the reality (an understanding of the nature of state legal regimes for example of the doctrine A. Rosenberg)
Authors: Мордовцев Андрей , Mordovtsev Andrey , Мордовцева Татьяна , Mordovtseva Tatyana
Published: April 2016

In the article highlighted and addressed sociocultural, institutional, historical, and other aspects of State-legal (political) modes, as well as theoretical and methodological features of their research. As part of the critical analysis of Nazi political and legal doctrines and ideological positions and conduct study authors Rosenberg.-typical of Russian jurisprudence approaches to public entities-legal regimes, their classification, definition, place and role in national political and socio-legal space.
Two common misconceptions of the Russian constitutional theory
Authors: Краснов Михаил , Krasnov Mikhail
Published: April 2016

This article attempts to show that, firstly, incorrect

to assume Soviet constitution of its own constitution, as they

have no idea of constitutionalism, rejects the official doctrine.

The second common thesis that the author also evaluates as

incorrect, that the USSR Constitution of 1936 ("Stalin Constitution")

was "democratic" and even supposedly "for his time

the most democratic in the world", but could not prevent massive

repression. The author comes to the conclusion that the

Soviet reality adequately reflect the letter and spirit of the constitution.
LEGAL STATUS OF THIRD PARTIES TO A CONTRACT IN ENGLISH LAW
Authors: Чурилов Алексей , Churilov Aleksei
Published: April 2016

This article covers basics of the legal status of third parties in

English common law, in particular, from the established in 1861 socalled

privity rule viewpoint. The author explains some of developed

by court exceptions, which established a possibility to enforce contract

by a third party, and a possibility to recover damages by the third party.

Contracts (Rights of Third Parties) Act 1999 is of special interest.
PILOT-JUDGMENT PROCEDURE AS A MEANS TO RESOLVE THE SYSTEMIC PROBLEM
Authors: Оганесян Тигран , Oganesyan Tigran
Published: April 2016

This article is devoted to the analysis procedure, the pilot judgment of the European Court of Human Rights. The author explores the background and rationale for the pilot-judgment procedure, the basis of its issuance; questions of law, which shall be made under the pilot judgment; discusses some rulings. The article presents a brief analysis of the development prospects of the pilot-judgment procedure in the framework of the Convention´s human rights protection mechanism.
The public interest and Mongolian digital television transition
Authors: Baasanjav Undrah
Published: April 2016

Since 2010 Mongolian television has been in transition from analogue to digital. This article introduces the process of digital transition of television, and then discusses challenges television stations face in terms of the audio-visual market and policies. The Mongolian media market has structural constraints typical to those in the small media states. In addition, new challenges like the financial dependency on the mining sector tax, an unsustainable number of politically affiliated commercial television stations, and the remnants of socialist institutional routines in media organizations also shape the television sector in Mongolia. The study also explores the state of public interest media services and opportunities due to the increasing convergence of television with the Internet. The arguments are built based on an analyses of existing legal and market studies, and in-depth interview data with professionals representing media, government and civil society institutions in Mongolia.
The singular photograph in durational time
Authors: Little Eileen
Published: April 2016

Freud’s formal work on mourning would indicate that in order to be successful at it you must detach from your cathexis to the loved object; yet he said to the poet Hilda Doolittle (and she writes this as an aside in a book written after her own analysis with the doctor [Tribute to Freud]) that he remembered the last war year very well (World War I), as that year he lost his favourite daughter, Sophie, to the Spanish flu epidemic, but that, in fact, she was not lost. ‘“She is here”, he said, and he showed me a tiny locket he wore, fastened to his watch chain’ (H.D. [1984] 2012: 128).

The ‘blameless physician’ (as H.D. calls him) did not want to let go of Sophie and would have held a photograph in his hand many times every day as he checked the time, closed the locket, put it back into his pocket. This article investigates a social media site as that contemporary ‘pocket’ in which we might place a cherished photograph, thus the tension between the durational time of the artefact and the time(s)-in-motion of the networked image.
The Mereological City
Authors: Köhler Daniel
Published: April 2016

In a positive departure from modernism, the work of the art critic and urbanist Ludwig Hilberseimer offers schemata towards the design for the city itself: its mereological composition. The resonance of parts unfolds to an alternative of a purely contrasting equation of form and content. It reminds us, that when the ground (gr.: logos) of the city is defined by its parts (gr.: meros), its architecture, the city in turn always also is part of the architecture as its desire. »The Mereological City« introduces a mereological methodology and contributes to an ongoing discussion about an ecological form of urban design.
Interregnum
Authors: Bordoni Carlo
Published: April 2016

Challenging the thought of Zygmunt Bauman on the subject of liquid modernity, where everything has become unstable, precarious and uncertain, Carlo Bordoni (author with Bauman of »State of Crisis«) proposes to look at contemporary society as an »interregnum«, a temporary break with the past. In a condition characterised by anomie, the questioning of democratic achievements and the primacy of an unbridled economy, he offers a new perspective on our social condition. Understanding the interregnum and being aware of its instability and the social degradation that it entails can help us to make the right choices.
Post-glacial acidification of two alpine lakes (Sudetes Mts., SW Poland), as inferred from diatom analyses
Authors: Sienkiewicz Elwira
Published: April 2016

Past environmental changes in mountain lakes can be reconstructed with the use of subfossil diatoms from post-glacial sediments. This study applied such an analysis to two mountain lakes in the Sudetes Mts. in Poland: Mały Staw (MS) and Wielki Staw (WS). Cores 882 cm long (MS) and 1100 cm long (WS) taken from the centre of each lake in 1982 were used to study the long-term acidification history of these lakes. Changes in vegetation indicate that the initial phase of MS started at the end of the Pleistocene. WS sediments began to accumulate shortly after that, at the beginning of the Holocene. The majority of the diatom assemblages are typical of oligotrophic acidic lakes located in alpine and arctic regions. A pH reconstruction based on diatoms (DI-pH) showed long-term acidification dating to almost the beginning of the lakes’ existence. Natural acidification began after the deglaciation, and the most intensive acidification continued to the end of the mid-Holocene. Through the whole period studied, pH decreased by 1.4 in MS and 0.9 in WS. After a period of relatively stable lake water pH, it decreased rapidly during the last few decades of the 20th century, due to anthropogenic pollution: pH declined by 0.7 in MS and 0.3 in WS. Mały Staw, being shallower, smaller, and with a larger drainage basin than Wielki Staw, is more sensitive to acid deposition; this accounts for the difference in pH.
Nonlinear analysis of vehicle control actuations based on controlled invariant sets
Authors: Németh Balázs , Gáspár Péter , Péni Tamás
Published: April 2016

In the paper, an analysis method is applied to the lateral stabilization problem of vehicle systems. The aim is to find the largest state-space region in which the lateral stability of the vehicle can be guaranteed by the peak-bounded control input. In the analysis, the nonlinear polynomial sum-of-squares programming method is applied. A practical computation technique is developed to calculate the maximum controlled invariant set of the system. The method calculates the maximum controlled invariant sets of the steering and braking control systems at various velocities and road conditions. Illustration examples show that, depending on the environments, different vehicle dynamic regions can be reached and stabilized by these controllers. The results can be applied to the theoretical basis of their interventions into the vehicle control system.
Robust fault detection of singular LPV systems with multiple time–varying delays
Authors: Hassanabadi Amir Hossein , Shafiee Masoud , Puig Vicenç
Published: April 2016

In this paper, the robust fault detection problem for LPV singular delayed systems in the presence of disturbances and actuator faults is considered. For both disturbance decoupling and actuator fault detection, an unknown input observer (UIO) is proposed. The aim is to compute a residual signal which has minimum sensitivity to disturbances while having maximum sensitivity to faults. Robustness to unknown inputs is formulated in the sense of the ℋ∞-norm by means of the bounded real lemma (BRL) for LPV delayed systems. In order to formulate fault sensitivity conditions, a reference model which characterizes the ideal residual behavior in a faulty situation is considered. The residual error with respect to this reference model is computed. Then, the maximization of the residual fault effect is converted to minimization of its effect on the residual error and is addressed by using the BRL. The compromise between the unknown input effect and the fault effect on the residual is translated into a multi-objective optimization problem with some LMI constraints. In order to show the efficiency and applicability of the proposed method, a part of the Barcelona sewer system is considered.
Connections between object classification criteria using an ultrasonic bi–sonar system
Authors: Kreczmer Bogdan
Published: April 2016

The paper presents connections between the criteria which make three types of objects possible to be recognized, namely, edges, planes and corners. These criteria can be applied while a binaural sonar system is used. It is shown that the criteria are specific forms of a general equation. The form of the equation depends on a single coefficient. In the paper, the meaning of this coefficient is discussed. The constructions of the arrangement of objects are presented and are bound with values of the coefficient.
Stability analysis and H∞
control of discrete T–S fuzzy hyperbolic systems
Authors: Duan Ruirui , Li Junmin , Zhang Yanni , Yang Ying , Chen Guopei
Published: April 2016

This paper focuses on the problem of constraint control for a class of discrete-time nonlinear systems. Firstly, a new discrete T–S fuzzy hyperbolic model is proposed to represent a class of discrete-time nonlinear systems. By means of the parallel distributed compensation (PDC) method, a novel asymptotic stabilizing control law with the “soft” constraint property is designed. The main advantage is that the proposed control method may achieve a small control amplitude. Secondly, for an uncertain discrete T–S fuzzy hyperbolic system with external disturbances, by the proposed control method, the robust stability and H∞
performance are developed by using a Lyapunov function, and some sufficient conditions are established through seeking feasible solutions of some linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) to obtain several positive diagonally dominant (PDD) matrices. Finally, the validity and feasibility of the proposed schemes are demonstrated by a numerical example and a Van de Vusse one, and some comparisons of the discrete T–S fuzzy hyperbolic model with the discrete T–S fuzzy linear one are also given to illustrate the advantage of our approach.
A dynamic model of classifier competence based on the local fuzzy confusion matrix and the random reference classifier
Authors: Trajdos Pawel , Kurzynski Marek
Published: April 2016

Nowadays, multiclassifier systems (MCSs) are being widely applied in various machine learning problems and in many different domains. Over the last two decades, a variety of ensemble systems have been developed, but there is still room for improvement. This paper focuses on developing competence and interclass cross-competence measures which can be applied as a method for classifiers combination. The cross-competence measure allows an ensemble to harness pieces of information obtained from incompetent classifiers instead of removing them from the ensemble. The cross-competence measure originally determined on the basis of a validation set (static mode) can be further easily updated using additional feedback information on correct/incorrect classification during the recognition process (dynamic mode). The analysis of computational and storage complexity of the proposed method is presented. The performance of the MCS with the proposed cross-competence function was experimentally compared against five reference MCSs and one reference MCS for static and dynamic modes, respectively. Results for the static mode show that the proposed technique is comparable with the reference methods in terms of classification accuracy. For the dynamic mode, the system developed achieves the highest classification accuracy, demonstrating the potential of the MCS for practical applications when feedback information is available.
Using the one–versus–rest strategy with samples balancing to improve pairwise coupling classification
Authors: Chmielnicki Wiesław , Stąpor Katarzyna
Published: April 2016

The simplest classification task is to divide a set of objects into two classes, but most of the problems we find in real life applications are multi-class. There are many methods of decomposing such a task into a set of smaller classification problems involving two classes only. Among the methods, pairwise coupling proposed by Hastie and Tibshirani (1998) is one of the best known. Its principle is to separate each pair of classes ignoring the remaining ones. Then all objects are tested against these classifiers and a voting scheme is applied using pairwise class probability estimates in a joint probability estimate for all classes. A closer look at the pairwise strategy shows the problem which impacts the final result. Each binary classifier votes for each object even if it does not belong to one of the two classes which it is trained on. This problem is addressed in our strategy. We propose to use additional classifiers to select the objects which will be considered by the pairwise classifiers. A similar solution was proposed by Moreira and Mayoraz (1998), but they use classifiers which are biased according to imbalance in the number of samples representing classes.
Note onset detection in musical signals via neural–network–based multi–ODF fusion
Authors: Stasiak Bartłomiej , Mońko Jędrzej , Niewiadomski Adam
Published: April 2016

The problem of note onset detection in musical signals is considered. The proposed solution is based on known approaches in which an onset detection function is defined on the basis of spectral characteristics of audio data. In our approach, several onset detection functions are used simultaneously to form an input vector for a multi-layer non-linear perceptron, which learns to detect onsets in the training data. This is in contrast to standard methods based on thresholding the onset detection functions with a moving average or a moving median. Our approach is also different from most of the current machine-learning-based solutions in that we explicitly use the onset detection functions as an intermediate representation, which may therefore be easily replaced with a different one, e.g., to match the characteristics of a particular audio data source. The results obtained for a database containing annotated onsets for 17 different instruments and ensembles are compared with state-of-the-art solutions.
Simultaneous routing and flow rate optimization in energy–aware computer networks
Authors: Jaskóła Przemysław , Arabas Piotr , Karbowski Andrzej
Published: April 2016

The issue of energy-aware traffic engineering has become prominent in telecommunications industry in the last years. This paper presents a two-criteria network optimization problem, in which routing and bandwidth allocation are determined jointly, so as to minimize the amount of energy consumed by a telecommunication infrastructure and to satisfy given demands represented by a traffic matrix. A scalarization of the criteria is proposed and the choice of model parameters is discussed in detail. The model of power dissipation as a function of carried traffic in a typical software router is introduced. Then the problem is expressed in a form suitable for the mixed integer quadratic programming (MIQP) solver. The paper is concluded with a set of small, illustrative computational examples. Computed solutions are implemented in a testbed to validate the accuracy of energy consumption models and the correctness of the proposed traffic engineering algorithm.
Making Room for Particulars: Plato’s Receptacle as Space, Not Substratum
Authors: Buckels Christopher
Published: April 2016

The “traditional” interpretation of the Receptacle in Plato’s Timaeus maintains that its parts act as substrata to ordinary particulars such as dogs and tables: particulars are form-matter compounds to which Forms supply properties and the Receptacle supplies a substratum, as well as a space in which these compounds come to be. I argue, against this view, that parts of the Receptacle cannot act as substrata for those particulars. I also argue, making use of contemporary discussions of supersubstantivalism, against a substratum interpretation that separates substratum and space in the Timaeus.
De la « pudeur d’un malade » (La Foire) à la « gouaille » du Printemps des éclopés : Robert Reus, mon père, et ses autobiographies romancées
Authors: Deronne Emmanuel
Published: April 2016

Some of the published or unpublished works of my father, Voltaire Deronne alias Robert Reus (1909-1988), display a strong autobiographical character. Robert Reus thus adopted several attitudes towards the treatment, modest or immodest, reserved or “exhibitionist,” of important elements in his life (his first marriage in 1943, his wife’s death in 1953, and other deaths in his family between 1945 and 1948). This article describes the writer’s strategies, ranging from silence to exhibitionism. His practices (or his conscious choices) as well as his theoretical aesthetic positions send us back to the writer’s personal history and to the way in which he reconstructs or reinvents it several times, in an opaque manner that suits him and which can be deciphered only by a family member exegete-editor.
Secure energy efficient routing protocol for wireless sensor network
Authors: Das Ayan Kumar , Chaki Rituparna , Dey Kashi Nath
Published: April 2016

The ease of deployment of economic sensor networks has always been a boon to disaster management applications. However, their vulnerability to a number of security threats makes communication a challenging task. This paper proposes a new routing technique to prevent from both external threats and internal threats like hello flooding, eavesdropping and wormhole attack. In this approach one way hash chain is used to reduce the energy drainage. Level based event driven clustering also helps to save energy. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme extends network lifetime even when the cluster based wireless sensor network is under attack.
A code reviewer assignment model incorporating the competence differences and participant preferences
Authors: Wang Yanqing , Wang Xiaolei , Jiang Yu , Liang Yaowen , Liu Ying
Published: April 2016

A good assignment of code reviewers can effectively utilize the intellectual resources, assure code quality and improve programmers’ skills in software development. However, little research on reviewer assignment of code review has been found. In this study, a code reviewer assignment model is created based on participants’ preference to reviewing assignment. With a constraint of the smallest size of a review group, the model is optimized to maximize review outcomes and avoid the negative impact of “mutual admiration society”. This study shows that the reviewer assignment strategies incorporating either the reviewers’ preferences or the authors’ preferences get much improvement than a random assignment. The strategy incorporating authors’ preference makes higher improvement than that incorporating reviewers’ preference. However, when the reviewers’ and authors’ preference matrixes are merged, the improvement becomes moderate. The study indicates that the majority of the participants have a strong wish to work with reviewers and authors having highest competence. If we want to satisfy the preference of both reviewers and authors at the same time, the overall improvement of learning outcomes may be not the best.
Living with breast cancer: Patients’ journey within the Greek National Health System
Authors: Kaitelidou Daphne , Kalogeropoulou Maria , Katostaras Theofanis , Konstantakopoulou Olympia , Minogiannis Panagiotis , Skitsou Alexandra , Siskou Olga , Charalampous Georgios , Ardavanis Alexandros , Liaropoulos Lykourgos
Published: April 2016

Background: Process mapping (a patient-centred method) and recording the medical, nursing and administrative staff’s views involved in the provision of care help us understand patients’ experience regarding the constraints, delays and bottlenecks of healthcare service processes and identify areas of improvement.

Patients and Methods: Time information and data were collected through time and motion study with regard to the path patients with breast cancer follow in two public hospitals (sample of 86 patients) and a semi-structured questionnaire was administered to medical, nursing and administrative staff (sample of 14 employees).

Results: The amount of time required in total for the prescription process was increased up to seve7 times compared to the beneficial amount of time, and the longest delays in patients’ waiting time were observed with regard to the process of chemotherapy (more than 2 hours and 40 minutes, in some cases). About 92.3% of the staff of the two hospitals prioritized the malfunctioning of theCcentralIinformationSsystem as the most important factor and more than 75% of the study participants mentioned that several administrative and technical aspects have a negative and significant effect on the time required to prescribe the necessary medicines for the treatment of patients.

Conclusions: The lack of understanding of the hospital’s processes and spatial infrastructure by most patients, the lack of an electronic patient record system and central information system are highlighted as the main issues that contribute decisively to the increase in the non-beneficial time that patients with breast cances have to spend nowadays in hospitals of the NHS in Greece.
Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: Sunitinib as First-Line Treatment; Results of a Retrospective Study
Authors: El-Hadaad Hend Ahmed , Wahba Hanan Ahmed , Abd-El Hay Ghazy Hayam Fathy
Published: April 2016

Background: Targeted agents were introduced over past years because of better understanding of oncogenetic mechanisms in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). These agents include tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) such as sorafenib, sunitinib, pazopanib and axitinib.

Methods: Review of recorded data from patients’ files with mRCC were analysed during the period from August 2008 to December 2014. Those patients were treated by sunitinib as first-line therapy. The data included patients characteristics such as age, sex, ECOG performance status (ECOG PS), number and sites of metastasis and pathological type. Also, we reviewed response to sunitinib therapy, its adverse events and progression-free survival (PFS).

Results: This study included 26 patients; median age was 56 years with male predominance (76.9%) and 61.5% of patients were of ECOG PS0. Lymph nodes were the most common site of metastasis (38.5%) and 46.2% presented with ≥3 sites of disease. Clear cell pathology was reported in 96.2%. No grade IV adverse events to sunitinib reactions were observed. Thrombocytopenia was the most predominant haematological reaction (46%) followed by neutropenia (38.6%), whilst fatigue was the most reported non-haematological one (50%) followed by diarrhoea (42.3%). Partial response (PR) was found in 30.8% and stable disease (SD) in 46.2%. One-year PFS was 57.7% with median PFS time of 12 months.

Conclusion: This study proved effectiveness and safety of sunitinib as first-line treatment for mRCC. However, this is a retrospective study and relatively small numbers of patients were included, so prospective studies with larger number of patients are needed for further evaluation.
Determination of partition surface of grained material by means of non-classical approximation methods of distributions functions of particle size and density
Authors: Niedoba Tomasz
Published: April 2016

In this paper, the grained material analyzed was hard coal collected from one of the mines located in Upper Silesia. Material was collected from a dust jig where it was separated in industrial conditions by concentrate and waste. It was then screened in sieves and it was separated in dense media into density fractions. Both particle size distribution and particle density distribution for feed and concentrate were approximated by several classical distribution functions. The best results were obtained by means of the Weibull (RRB) distribution function. However, because of the unsatisfying quality of approximations it was decided to apply non-parametric statistical methods, which became more and more popular alternative methods in conducting statistical investigations. In the paper, the kernel methods were applied to this purpose and the Gauss kernel was accepted as the kernel function. Kernel method, which is relatively new, gave much better results than classical distribution functions by means of the least squared method. Both classical and non-parametric obtained distribution functions were evaluated by means of mean standard error, the values of which proved that they sufficiently well approximate the empirical data. Such function forms were then applied to determine the theoretical distribution function for vector (D, P), where D is the random variable describing particle size and P – its density. This approximation was sufficiently acceptable. That is why it served to determine the equation of partition surface dependent on particle size and particle density describing researched material. The obtained surface proves that it is possible to evaluate material separation which occurs during mineral processing operations, such as jigging, by means of more than one feature of researched material. Furthermore, its quality confirms that it is justified to apply non-parametric statistical methods instead of commonly used classical ones.
“The Muslims are coming”: The enactment of morality in activist Muslim comedy
Authors: Hirzalla Fadi , van Zoonen Liesbet
Published: April 2016

In the context of the many and persistent Islam controversies, we investigate how activist Muslim comedy aims to unite Muslims and non-Muslims. To this purpose and to further current research and theory on humor functions, we develop a morality-based analytic framework that demonstrates the social potentials of humor. We propose to approach humor as engendering moral appeals that function as sign posts, indicating to audiences whom they ought to support based on their shared virtues, and which people ought to be defied for their vices. Our case study focuses on the documentary
Binary Isotherm Modeling for Simultaneous Desulfurization and Denitrogenation of Model Fuel by Zinc Loaded Activated Carbon
Authors: Thaligari Sandeep Kumar , Srivastava Vimal Chandra , Prasad Basheswar
Published: April 2016

In the present study, simultaneous removal of the dibenzothiophene (an aromatic refractory sulfur compound) and quinoline (an aromatic refractory nitrogenous compound) from model fuel was performed using the zinc impregnated granular activated carbon (Zn-GAC). Textual properties of the adsorbent were determined by liquid nitrogen adsorption technique. Binary isotherm study revealed that the quinoline adsorption onto Zn-GAC was more favored in comparison to dibenzothiophene. Various multi-component isotherm models were used for representing the isotherm data from binary solution. Modified Redlich-Peterson model best represented the isotherm data.
Crystal structure of poly[(5-carboxy-2,6-dimethylpyridinium-3-carboxylato-κO)tris(μ2-2,6-dimethylpyridinium-3,5-dicarboxylato-κ3
O,O′:O′′)erbium(III)], C36H33ErN4O16
Authors: Wang Xiao-Ning , Li Fei-Fei
Published: April 2016

C36H33ErN4O16, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 13.828(3) Å, b = 15.892(3) Å, c = 15.634(3) Å, β = 95.687(2)°, V = 3418.7(12) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt
(F) = 0.0216, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.0490, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of carbonyl(2-oxopyridin-1(2H)-olato-κ2
O, O′)(triphenylphosphine-κP)rhodium(I), C24H19NO3PRh
Authors: Elmakki Mohammed A. , Koen Renier , Drost Ruben M. , Alexander Orbett T. , Venter Gertruida J. S. , Venter Johan A.
Published: April 2016

C24H19NO3PRh, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 9.1734(16) Å, b = 9.5433(18) Å, c = 12.342(2) Å, α = 92.400(6)°, β = 105.460(5)°, γ = 99.472(5)°, V = 1023 Å3, Z = 2, R
gt
(F) = 0.0236, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.0597, T = 100 K.
Does one truly need to belong?: A case for the need to meaningfully exist
Authors: Bockarova Mariana
Published: April 2016

Baumeister and Leary’s (1995) seminal work on the “Belonging Hypothesis” proposed an important theory that catalyzed an abundance of research predicated on the hypothesized essential need for humans to establish and preserve interpersonal relationships. However, this premise cannot fully explain certain human phenomena that have historically occurred, and still continue to occur today, including the existence of psychopathology, self-selected seclusion, and unrequited love. Thus, the need to belong is unlikely to be a vital motivation capable of encompassing the needs of all human beings. Instead, this paper proposes the need to meaningfully matter, or, to find meaning within one’s life, regardless of one’s relation to others, as a primary motivation from which the need to belong emerges.
“…And that’s why I Teach For America”: American education reform and the role of redemptive stories
Authors: Ahmann Chloe
Published: April 2016

This article interrogates the discursive relationship between school reform and redemption in the United States by examining the personal narratives of Teach For America corps members. After tracing the history of Teach For America and describing the rites of passage in which teachers’ “redemptive stories” are told, I analyze the generic arc that underlies them and show that it mirrors broader processes of in-group socialization. In doing so, I argue that Teach For America’s brand of redemptive storytelling – in addition to crafting individual identity, contributing to group cohesion, and enlivening performance at ritualized events – also affects organizational authority. As corps members master their stories of reform and redemption, paralleling the path to becoming “master teachers,” they participate in a process of “becoming” that reproduces in micro-scale the maturation of Teach For America. More profoundly, these transformations represent a distinct response to traditions of American confessional storytelling and the accountability-based education movement. Redemptive stories thus bind the socialization of the individual reformer to issues afoot more broadly in the province of education policy.
“We should…” versus “We will…”: How do the governments report their work in “One Country Two Systems”? A corpus-driven critical discourse analysis of government work reports in Greater China
Authors: Meng Cheng , Yu Yao
Published: April 2016

Critical discourse analysis (CDA) in conjunction with a corpus-driven analytical methodology has evolved into a powerful qualitative and quantitative tool for deconstructing and studying political discourse. This study utilizes a corpus-driven CDA approach to examine the dynamics of power distance and the ideological stance in the context of Greater China, as conveyed in the 2013 Report on the Work of the Government of Mainland China and the Policy Address in Hong Kong. Concordancing software was used to generate frequency lists, co-selection patterns, and concgrams for detailed analysis. In particular, study examines differences in usage of the first-person plural pronoun
Motivation in the tertiary art and design studio: A multi-perspectival discourse analysis
Authors: Hocking Darryl
Published: April 2016

This paper investigates the nature of motivation in the context of a tertiary art and design studio through a multi-perspectival and mixed methodological study of situated text and talk. Drawing upon the analytical resources of linguistic ethnography, multimodal interaction, and functional linguistics, among others, the study finds that motivation in the studio, while perceived by the tutors in terms of the students’ willingness to complete required project work, is, on further examination, a more complex phenomenon, dynamically related to wider socio-institutional discourses and the students’ conception of their future selves. The paper concludes by reconceptualizing motivation in the art and design studio as a discursively constructed and contested phenomenon, intersubjectively realized across the trajectory of studio genres and inherently related to identity and power. The findings contribute to understandings of motivation, particularly within the context of art and design educational studies.
Evaluation in US and Japanese history textbooks
Authors: Gu Xiang
Published: April 2016

This paper attempts to make a corpus and cross-linguistic study of how the Pacific War is evaluated in US and Japanese history textbooks by drawing upon Systemic Functional Linguistics and the Appraisal System. The global pattern of evaluation in the data is such that the US history textbook gives more value to acts and things, creates an authoritative voice excluding alternative positions, and has a delicate construal for the extent of evaluation. By contrast, the Japanese history textbook displays a subjective affective stance and a flagged authorial voice strengthened by alternative positions. A detailed discourse analysis of the lexicogrammar in the Pacific War narratives of the US and Japanese history textbooks further shows different evaluation orientations for the construal of images of the United States and Japan. The US history textbook characterizes the United States as a state of military power and high morality for its military operations in the Pacific War while censuring Japan’s cruelty of attack, whereas the Japanese history textbook highlights Japan’s tenacity and voluntary acts on the battlefield while condemning the United States for its immorality of bombing.
Acute myocarditis with normal wall motion detected with 2D speckle tracking echocardiography
Authors: Sturmberger Thomas , Niel Johannes , Aichinger Josef , Ebner Christian
Published: April 2016

We present the case of a 26-year-old male with acute tonsillitis who was referred for coronary angiography because of chest pain, elevated cardiac biomarkers, and biphasic T waves. The patient had no cardiovascular risk factors. Echocardiography showed no wall motion abnormalities and no pericardial effusion. 2D speckle tracking revealed distinct decreased regional peak longitudinal systolic strain in the lateral and posterior walls. Ischemic disease was extremely unlikely in view of his young age, negative family history regarding coronary artery disease, and lack of regional wall motion abnormalities on the conventional 2D echocardiogram. Coronary angiography was deferred as myocarditis was suspected. To confirm the diagnosis, cardiac magnetic resonance tomography (MRT) was performed, showing subepicardial delayed hyperenhancement in the lateral and posterior walls correlating closely with the strain pattern obtained by 2D speckle tracking echocardiography. With a working diagnosis of acute myocarditis associated with acute tonsillitis, we prescribed antibiotics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The patient’s clinical signs resolved along with normalization of serum creatine kinase (CK) levels, and the patient was discharged on the third day after admission.
Az anti-Jo-1-pozitív antiszintetáz szindróma jellegzetességei gondozott betegeink alapján
Authors: Szabó Katalin , Nagy-Vincze Melinda , Bodoki Levente , Hodosi Katalin , Dankó Katalin , Griger Zoltán
Published: April 2016

Introduction: In idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, the presence of anti-Jo-1 antibody defines a distinct clinical phenotype (myositis, arthritis, interstitial lung disease, Raynaud’s phenomenon fever, mechanic’s hands), called antisynthetase syndrome. Aim: To determine the demographic data as well as clinical, laboratory and terapeutical features of anti-Jo1 positive patients, followed by the department of the authors. Method: The medical records of 49 consecutive anti-Jo1 patients were reviewed. Results: Demographic and clinical results were very similar to those published by other centers. Significant correlation was found between the anti-Jo-1 titer and the creatine kinase and C-reactive protein levels. Distinct laboratory results measured at the time of diagnosis of the disease (C-reactive protein, antigen A associated with Sjogren’s syndrome, positive rheumatoid factor), and the presence of certain clinical symptoms (fever, vasculitic skin) may indicate a worse prognosis within the antisyntetase positive patient group. Conclusion: In the cases above more agressive immunosuppressive therapy may be required. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(15), 575–583.
A komplementer és alternatív medicina felé orientálódó terápiaválasztást meghatározó tényezők
Authors: Zörgő Szilvia , Purebl György , Zana Ágnes
Published: April 2016

Introduction: Complementary and alternative medicine have undoubtedly been gaining ground on the healthcare market, thus the vital question arises why patients choose these treatments, oftentimes at the cost of discontinuing the Western medical therapy. Aim: The aim of the authors was to investigate and scrutinize factors leading to the utilization of various alternative medical services. Method: The basis of this qualitative research was medical anthropological fieldwork conducted at a clinic of Traditional Chinese Medicine including participant observation (355 hours), unstructured interviews with patients (n = 93) and in-depth interviews (n = 14). Results: Patients of alternative medical systems often do not receive a diagnosis, explanation or cure for their illness from Western medicine, or they do not agree with what they are offered. In other instances, patients choose alternative medicine because it exhibits a philosophical congruence with their already existing explanatory model, that is, previous concepts of world, man or illness. Conclusions: A particular therapy is always part of a cultural system and it is embedded in a specific psycho-social context, hence choice of therapy must be interpreted in accordance with this perspective. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(15), 584–592.
Idiopathiás pulmonalis artériás hypertonia mellett vállalt sikeres terhesség
Authors: Szenczi Orsolya , Karlócai Kristóf , Bucsek László , Rigó János
Published: April 2016

Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension is characterized by progressive increase in pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance which lead to right ventricular failure and death. Pregnancy in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension is contraindicated because of the high maternal and fetal mortality. The authors present a case of successful pregnancy and delivery of a patient with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension in Hungary for the first time. The aim of the report was to demonstrate that management and treatment of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension in a pregnant woman is a complex and multidisciplinary task that should involve obstetrician, cardiologist and anesthesiologist. Those patients who become pregnant and do not wish to terminate the pregnancy must be referred to obstetric centers where a multidiciplinary approach is taken. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(15), 593–595.
A compliance fontossága a táplálásterápiában
Authors: Mikulka Ilona
Published: April 2016

Disease-related malnutrition is usually caused by the joint action of the underlying disease itself and dietary deficiency. The consequences of malnutrition, if left untreated, are serious, causing a marked decline in physical and psychological health and function, and an increased rate of complications and decreased effectiveness of the medical treatments. In case a functional gastrointestinal tract is present, the recommended form of nutritional management is the use of oral nutritional supplements. However, just like to any other therapy, compliance to oral nutritional supplements is highly influenced by the consistency, taste, smell, volume consumed, and side effects. The aim of the present case report is to illustrate that nutritional management is a successful and effective treatment option of disease-related malnutrition when the selection of the oral nutritional supplement takes into consideration patient’s preferences as well. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 157(15), 596–598.
Tendências de Índices de Extremos Climáticos para o Estado do Amazonas e suas Relações com a TSM dos Oceanos Tropicais
Authors: Santos Carlos Antonio Costa dos , Melo Maria Monalisa M. S. , Brito José Ivaldo Barbosa de
Published: April 2016

Resumo Esse estudo teve como objetivo principal analisar as tendências de onze índices de extremos climáticos dependentes da precipitação diária para o Estado do Amazonas, dividindo-o em quatro mesorregiões, bem como, analisar suas relações com as anomalias de TSM nos Oceanos Pacífico (ENOS) e Atlântico (Dipolo do Atlântico). Os dados de precipitação pluviométrica diários, para o período de 1970-2010, foram oriundos do INMET. Dados das anomalias mensais de TSM dos Oceanos Tropicais foram obtidos do CPC/NOAA. Os resultados obtidos mostram que em todo Estado do Amazonas não é possível afirmar categoricamente que ocorreu aumento ou diminuição dos índices extremos de precipitação nas últimas décadas. Além disso, identificou-se que as TSM dos Oceanos Pacífico Equatorial e Atlântico Tropical apresentaram correlações estatisticamente significativas com os índices de extremo de precipitação. Portanto, é possível afirmar que a anomalia de TSM destas áreas tem influência nos índices de precipitação do Estado do Amazonas.
Avaliação de um Modelo Estocástico de Erro Multidimensional Aplicado a Estimativas de Precipitação por Satélite
Authors: Falck Aline Schneider , Vila Daniel , Tomasella Javier , Maggioni Viviana , Diniz Fábio L.R.
Published: April 2016

Resumo Uma das principais aplicações das estimativas de precipitação por satélite é a modelagem hidrológica em bacias onde a rede convencional e em tempo real de pluviômetros são precárias no que se refere à resolução espacial e temporal de dados. Neste trabalho discute-se o desempenho do modelo de erro de precipitação por satélite estocástico multidimensional - SREM2D (do inglês, Two-Dimensional Satellite Rainfall Error Model), o qual simula conjuntos de campos diários de precipitação com os mesmos padrões estatísticos (dispersão) que a diferença dos campos de chuva estimados por satélite e pluviômetro de uma série maior. A maioria dos modelos tratam o erro como uma medida uni-dimensional sem o reconhecimento que a precipitação é um processo intermitente no tempo e no espaço. O modelo SREM2D caracteriza a estrutura espacial, a dinâmica temporal e a variabilidade espacial do erro de estimativa das taxas de precipitação. Este trabalho avalia os resultados das simulações do SREM2D para diversos algoritmos de estimativa de precipitação por satélite na bacia dos rios Tocantins-Araguaia. Resultados mostram que o conjunto obtido através das realizações do modelo SREM2D reduziram o viés dos algoritmos de estimativa de precipitação por satélite principalmente para bacias com área de drenagem superior a 12.000 km2.