bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block versus thoracic paravertebral block in gynecological cancer surgery: a prospective randomized trial
Authors: Hussein Fatma Gomaa , El Samahy Khaled Ali , Abd Elghaffar Ekramy Mansour , Halim Mahran Essam Abdel , Sayed Hassan Mohamed El , Thabet Taher Saeed
Published: July 2024

Background & Objectives: In the event that gynecologic cancer surgery (GC surgery) is going to be accompanied with extreme pain, many localized blocks will be provided. The quadratus lumborum block, often known as a QLB, is a fascial plane block that was developed relatively recently for the therapy of post-abdominal surgery discomfort. In the current study, a comparison is made between the effectiveness and safety of thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) and quadratus lumborum block (QLB) in patients undergoing GC surgery.
Methodology: In this prospective comparative randomized trial, fifty patients with scheduled GC surgery were split evenly between two groups: QLB group (n = 25) to receive bilateral QLB type-2, or TPVB group (n = 25) to receive TPVB. The VAS scores were recorded at 1, 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 h following surgery, and served as the key indicator of patient outcomes. Secondary outcomes were; the time to first request for the analgesic, the patient satisfaction, and the total morphine consumed as rescue analgesic in 24 h.
Results: At 2, 6, 12 and 24 h, the VAS scores of the QLB group were significantly lower than those of TPVB group. Only 12 (48%) of the QLB group patients required rescue morphine, compared to all patients in the TPVB group requiring it. QLB group showed more dermatomal distribution in comparison to the TPVB group. It took the TPVB group a much shorter time to demand their first painkiller (P = 0.001), and they also took significantly more total morphine (P = 0.001). An increased number of people in the QLB group reported satisfaction as a result of taking the analgesic.
Conclusion: Quadratus lumborum block is a promising technique for postoperative analgesia for patients undergoing gynecological cancer surgery. This block provides relatively prolonged duration of pain relief, compared to thoracic paravertebral block.
Abbreviations: FLACC - Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability scale; GC - gynecological cancer; QLB - quadratus lumborum block; QLB2 - Bilateral quadratus lumborum block; TPVB - thoracic paravertebral block; VAS - visual analogue scale
Keywords: Quadratus lumborum block; Thoracic paravertebral block; Gynecological cancer surgery; Postoperative pain management.
Citation: Hussein FG, El Samahy KA, Abd Elghaffar EM, Mahran EAH, Hassan ME, Thabet TS. Ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block versus thoracic paravertebral block in gynecological cancer surgery: a prospective randomized trial. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2024;28(3):436−445; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v28i3.2287
Received: September 03, 2023; Revised: October 11, 2023; Accepted: April 08, 2024
Knowledge, attitude and practice of pharmacists regarding antibiotic usage and its possible trends
Authors: Munir Minahal , Riaz Tehseen , Waqar Muhammad Ahsan , Khan Rabeel , Javed Minahil , Iqbal Sehrish , Shoukat Shifa , Tayyab Saqiba , Abid Syed Zeeshan
Published: July 2024

Background & Objective: Antimicrobial resistance is a worldwide issue. According to United Kingdom Government Commissioned Review on Antimicrobial Resistance, antimicrobial resistance might cause mortality of 10 million people each year by 2050. Microbes developed resistance to antimicrobial agents, largely due to irrational antibiotic use. The presence of a certified pharmacist, as well as prescriber's level of education and experience, are all linked to proper medication use. We aimed to find the differentiation in knowledge, attitude and practices of the pharmacists regarding the differences in experience, education level, graduation institute and working sector. Another area of our study was to ascertain the commonly prescribed antibiotics.
Methodology: It was a quantitative, cross-sectional and multicenter study performed in Lahore, Pakistan. The sample size for prescriptions was 324, calculated by Daniel’s equation and 230 for questionnaires      by     convenient sampling. Questionnaires were administered to clinical, community, industrial and   academic pharmacists with consent. A data collection form was utilized for finding prescription patterns.
Results: According to 72% community, 71% clinical, 53% industrial, and 69% academic pharmacists, samples for culture and sensitivity must be taken before starting antibiotics. Contrarily, 28% community, 19 % clinical, 10% industrial and 23% academic pharmacists disagreed upon the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, where narrow spectrum antibiotics were effective. The most commonly prescribed antibiotic was ceftriaxone (38.7%), followed by ciprofloxacin (6.8%) and meropenem (5.8%).
Conclusion: The study found good knowledge, attitude and practices among pharmacists regarding antibiotic use. Negligible significant differences were observed in scores among pharmacists working under various set-ups. Irrational prescribing can be avoided by introducing training for physicians and pharmacists.
Keywords: Antimicrobial Resistance, Pharmacist, Knowledge, Narrow Spectrum, Ceftriaxone, Irrational Prescribing
Citation: Munir M, Riaz T, Waqar MA, Khan R, Javed M, Iqbal S, Shoukat S, Tayyab S, Abid SZ. Knowledge, attitude and practice of pharmacists regarding antibiotic usage and its possible trends. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2024;28(3):495−502; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v28i3.2290
Received: September 14, 2023; Reviewed: March 14, 2024; Accepted: April 14, 2023
The role of continuous popliteal sciatic block in a patient with acute on chronic limb-threatening ischemia: a case report
Authors: Tantri Aida R. , . Lawrence
Published: July 2024

Treating ischemic pain (IP) is challenging because of complex mechanisms involved in its pathogenesis. We report a case of pain management in a patient with acute on chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) treated with continuous popliteal sciatic block (CPSB). Microcirculation was measured using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS). The patient was a 44-year-old male with acute exacerbation of CLTI of left leg. Excruciating pain was described as being stabbed in the left toe with burning sensation radiating to ankle (VAS score 9-10), 3 to 4 times a day with duration of 30 to 60 min each episode. CT Angiography showed wide arterial occlusions and thrombi in veins of left lower limb. ABI was 0,71. He was on heparin so we decided to do CPSB with patient controlled regional analgesia (PCRA) pump of ropivacaine 0.375%. Before catheter insertion, NIRS was measured on dorsum pedis. SrO2 increased from 24 to 32% within 30 min after initial bolus. Episodes of severe pain still felt with only little relief when pressing PCRA pump. Daily chart showed increasing ropivacaine utilization with discrepancy between attempted and given dose. SrO2 fluctuated between 25 to 32%. On the third day evaluation, we switched to multimodal analgesia. However, pain attacks increased in frequency, intensity and duration. Ischemic area in foot expanded rapidly. High dose methyl prednisolone was initiated. Amputation was suggested but refused by the patient.
Peripheral nerve block does not completely block ischemic pain, despite adequate motor block. However, it may be beneficial in cases of CLTI by maintaining blood flow, thus inhibiting the progression of ischemia. In this patient, it is evident that upon cessation of CPSB, the condition of the leg deteriorated rapidly.
Keywords: Chronic limb-threatening ischemia, Continuous popliteal sciatic block, Ischemic Pain
Citation: Tantri AR, Lawrence. The role of continuous popliteal sciatic block in a patient with acute on chronic limb-threatening ischemia: a case report. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2024;28(3):585−587; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v28i3.2454
Received: March 23, 2024; Reviewed: April 27, 2024; Accepted: April 27, 2024
Role of integrated pulmonary index in respiratory monitoring of spontaneously breathing COVID-19 patients with moderate to severe respiratory symptoms
Authors: Kasem Sahar Mahmoud , Ahmed Maysa Kamal , Mukhtar Ahmed Muhammed , Abdelbary Akram Ahmed , Eladawy Akram Shahat , Maher Mohamed Ahmed , Farouk Sara
Published: July 2024

Background & objective: Most of the COVID-19 patients suffered from moderate to severe respiratory symptoms. Many of them needed oxygen supplementation or even mechanical ventilation. There is little data available about the use of either end-tidal CO2 (EtCO2) or integrated pulmonary index (IPI) in these patients. The aim of this study to investigate the difference in IPI values for subjects requiring mechanical ventilation compared to those managed without ventilation and the correlation between EtCO2 and SpO2.
Methods: This prospective observational study involved adult COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU with moderate to severe respiratory symptoms. All patients were connected to a portable respiratory monitor with the IPI algorithm (Medtronic Capnostream 35) and treated according to a standardized protocol. Oxygen flow was adjusted to maintain oxygen saturation (92–96%). If the respiratory rate did not fall below 30 breaths per minute and/or the SpO2 did not reach the target, non-invasive ventilation (NIV) was initiated. Patients with NIV failure was eligible for invasive mechanical ventilation.
Results: SpO2 was significantly lower, while RR was significantly higher in intubated group compared to non- intubated group (P < 0.001 and 0.018, respectively). However, IPI, EtCO2, and HR did not differ among both groups. There was a significant positive correlation between EtCO2 and SpO2 at baseline before oxygen therapy (r = 0.419; P = 0.007). There was a significant negative correlation between CT score and SpO2 (r = -0.408; P = 0.01); however, there was no correlation  between CT score and both IPI and end tidal CO2 at baseline (r = 0.017; P = 0.9).
Conclusion: The integrated pulmonary index cannot be used as a single parameter for assessing respiratory severity in   COVID-19 patients.
Abbreviations: EtCO2 - end-tidal CO2; IPI - integrated pulmonary index; NIV - non-invasive ventilation;
Keywords: Integrated Pulmonary Index, COVID-19, EtCO2, CT severity score.
Citation: Kasem SM, Ahmed MK, Mukhtar AM, Eladawy AS, Maher MA, Farouk S. Role of integrated pulmonary index in respiratory monitoring of spontaneously breathing COVID-19 patients with moderate to severe  respiratory symptoms. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2024;28(2):446−451; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v28i3.2460
Received: January 09, 2024; Reviewed: March 24, 2024; Accepted: March 24, 2024
Relevance of KIM-1 and NGAL biomarkers in the diagnosis of persistent kidney failure
Authors: Hasan Karar Yasir , Al Ammar Haider Abd Jabbar
Published: July 2024

Background & objective: chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a long-term condition in which the kidney function is gradually lost over time, which includes filtration of waste products and excess fluids from the bloodstream, maintaining electrolytes balance and produce hormones that regulate blood pressure and stimulate red blood cell production. The target of management for CRF (CRF) is to restrict the injury to the kidneys, usually by detection of its underlying cause. The current study aimed to detect and relate biomarker levels, such as Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) and Kidney Injury Molecule type 1 (KIM-1) in patients with CKD.
Methodology: Ninety participants took part in the study between Sep 2023 and Jan 2024 through random sampling. They were divided into two groups; Group-1 included 45 healthy volunteers, and Group-2 included 45 individuals with CKD, stage 1 to end stage renal failure and were on dialysis. The ELISA method was used to measure the serum levels of NGAL and KIM-1 in each person. Colorimetric techniques were used to measure creatinine, potassium, calcium, serum urea, and random blood sugar (RBS).
Version 25 of IBM's statistical software for the social sciences (SPSS) on a Windows platform was used to conduct the statistical study. Using the analysis of variance student t test, patients with CKD were compared to a healthy group; a P ≤ 0. 05 indicated statistical significance.
Results: Between individuals with chronic kidney disease and the healthy group, there was a statistically significant variance in NGAL and KIM_1, serum creatinine, urea, potassium, calcium, and RBS.
Conclusion: Patients with CRF had considerably higher levels of Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) and Kidney Injury Molecule type 1 (KIM-1), which are diagnostic markers.
Abbreviations: CKD - Chronic Kidney Disease; CRF - Chronic Renal Failure; GFR - Glomerular Filtration Rate; KIM-1 - Kidney Injury Molecule -1; NGAL - Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin; RBS - Random Blood Sugar
Keywords: Chronic renal conditions; KIM-1; NGAL
Citation: Hasan KY, Al Ammar HAJ. Relevance of KIM-1 and NGAL biomarkers in the diagnosis of persistent kidney failure. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2024;28(3):472−480; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v28i3.2463
Received: February 29, 2024; Revised: March 10, 2024; Accepted: March 14, 2024
Comparison of the effect of magnesium sulfate 50 mg/kg with 30 mg/kg on opioid requirement and blood magnesium level after abdominal hysterectomy
Authors: Aditya Ricky , Indriasari Indriasari , Limawan Michaela Arshanty
Published: July 2024

Background: Hysterectomy is the most common operation with a postoperative pain score for abdominal hysterectomy being 8. Preemptive analgesia can help mitigate the postoperative pain. We studied the effect of preoperative use of magnesium sulfate (MgSO4), either in a dose of 50 mg/kg or 30 mg/kg, on the opioid requirements as well as on the serum magnesium levels in abdominal hysterectomy patients.
Methodology: This was a double-blind, randomized controlled, clinical trial with 40 women undergoing abdominal hysterectomy included as participants. The participants were randomly divided into two groups; Group I received MgSO4 30 mg/kg and Group II received a dose of 50 mg/kg, 20 min before induction of routine general anesthesia. Pre-operative and postoperative blood magnesium levels were compared by unpaired t-test. Inter-group comparison was also done.
Results: Group I patients had lower postoperative opioid requirements compared to the Group II. There was a significant difference in blood magnesium levels between the two groups; e.g., 2.36 ± 0.29 vs.2.13 ± 0.23 mEq/L in Group I and Group II, respectively.
Conclusion: Administering magnesium sulfate at a dose of 50 mg/kg to abdominal hysterectomy patients can reduce the need for opioids and significantly increase the magnesium levels in the blood compared to a dose of 30 mg/kg.
Keywords: Abdominal hysterectomy; Magnesium sulfate; Opioid; Preemptive analgesia
Citation: Aditya R, Indriasari, Limawan MA. Comparison of the effect of magnesium sulfate 50 mg/kg with 30 mg/kg on opioid requirement and blood magnesium level after abdominal hysterectomy surgery. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2024;28(3):517−523; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v28i3.2469
Received: January 10, 2024; Reviewed: January 10, 2024; Accepted: January 15, 2024
Intergenerational workforce: synergism for the benefit of clinical practice
Authors: Degrandi Oliveira Carlos R.
Published: July 2024

Rapidly increasing world population has forced the governing authorities to increase the pace of the expansion of the healthcare facilities. It has resulted in more and more health related institutions, with more requirement of work force as well as the latest technology-based gadgets. All these factors have lead to healthcare teams with diverse age groups, diverse technical knowledge and skills and divers clinical experiences. This editorial sheds some light on the positive aspects of this deversity in unity.
Keywords:  Diversity; Generations; Intergenerational diversity; Synergy; Workforce
Citation: Oliveira CRD. Intergenerational workforce: synergism for the benefit of clinical practice. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2024;28(3):402−404; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v28i3.2476
Received: April 28, 2024; Accepted: May 05, 2024
The barriers to meaningful research in Pakistan and the way forward
Authors: Afzal Anum , Saleem Huma , Iqbal Almas , Akram Asma
Published: July 2024

Despite a mushrooming of a large number of universities in Pakistan during the past two decades, the country still stands at 45th position among the countries of the world regarding the meaningful research. In comparison, India stands on the comfortable 7th position. Over ninety medical journals are being published in Pakistan, but none of them has been able to attain ‘W’ category in the HJRS software being run by Higher Education Commission (HEC). It looks that millions of rupees spent in the name of research in the country are going down the drain. A large-scale effort is needed at the national level to start public-private partnership to promote meaningful and useful research, which helps the country to speed up its growth in every field and to shine at the international level.
For its part, Anaesthesia, Pain & Intensive Care has been trying, since its inception, to promote genuine research in the country. A prominent research scholar, Logan Danielson published a series of five papers on research in the journal. We have been instrumental in publishing nice research papers from across the world, especially from the Far East and Central Asian countries. But the ratio of Pakistani papers remains few and far between.
This invited editorial is another endeavor to draw the attention of our academic elite to focus on the promotion of the research culture in the country on the war footing. It sheds some light on the barriers as well as the possible remedial measures. Our graduate and postgraduate institutions, universities, and HEC need to pay attention towards this very important aspect.
Afzal A, Saleem H, Iqbal A, Akram A. The barriers to meaningful research in Pakistan and the way forward. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2024;28(3):405−407; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v28i3.2477
Received: April 18, 2024; Accepted: May 05, 2024
The impact of thyroid hormone levels and APACHE II scores on the clinical outcome in critically ill patients
Authors: Wironegoro Rio , Suhardi Christian Julio , Maulydia Maulydia , Wibisono Sony , Adi Soebagijo , Rahmaweni Rahmaweni
Published: July 2024

Background & objective: Thyroid hormone levels are often raised during stress and acute illness. APACHE II score has been linked to adverse outcome after severe disease.  We analyzed the impact of the level of free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4), thyroid stimulating hormones (TSH), and APACHE II scores on the outcome of critically ill patients admitted to Intensive Care Unit (ICU).
Methodology: A cohort prospective study was conducted on critically ill patients in the ICU. Patients’ baseline data, thyroid hormone levels, including fT3, fT4, TSH, and APACHE II score within 24 h of admission were compared between 30-day survivors and non-survivors. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was conducted to assess the risk factors for mortality.
fT3Non-survivors were significantly older than survivors (55.81 ± 12.61 vs 41.40 ± 11.40, P = 0.003). The APACHE II score was higher in non-survivors (25.88 ± 9.28 vs 22.13 ± 10.42, P = 0.299). Thyroid hormone levels showed no significant difference between the two groups. The area under the receiver-operating curve for APACHE II was 0.610 (0.403-0.818), and for fT3 was 0.523 (0.311-0.735).
Conclusion: Although there was no significant difference in thyroid hormone levels between the survivors and non-survivors, the results of this study show that low fT3 levels and high APACHE II scores had a more significant association with adverse clinical outcomes in critically ill patients.
Abbreviations: APACHE - Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; ESS - Euthyroid Sick Syndrome; ft3 - Free Triiodothyronine; ft4 - Free Triiodothyronine; NTIS - Non-Thyroidal Illness Syndrome; TSH - Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
Keywords: Critically ill; Mortality; fT3 level; fT4 level; APACHE II score
Citation: Wironegoro R, Suhardi CJ, Maulydia, Wibisono S, Adi S, Rahmaweni R. The impact of thyroid hormone levels and APACHE II scores on the clinical outcome in critically ill patients. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2024;28(3):416−422; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v28i3.2478
Received: March 03, 2024; Revised: April 13, 2024; Accepted: April 15, 2024
Deep serratus anterior plane block and superficial parasternal block for awake mastectomy in a high-risk patient
Authors: Cavallo Carmine , Romanelli Antonio , Gammaldi Renato
Published: July 2024

General anesthesia is the most common anesthesia technique for breast surgery, and opioid administration represents the cornerstone for proper intra- and post-operative pain management. However, opioid use is associated with many side effects (delayed awakening, hyperalgesia, nausea, vomiting, itching, and respiratory depression), affecting the patient’s clinical outcome and satisfaction. Furthermore, evidence suggests that opioids promote disease progression, affecting both cellular and humoral immune function in humans. Indeed, general anesthesia increases the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications, especially in elderly patients with comorbidities. In this setting, regional anesthesia represents an intriguing and innovative approach to managing perioperative pain, decreasing opioid consumption and related adverse effects, and reducing the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications.
Here, we describe the safety and effectiveness of the deep serratus anterior plane block and superficial parasternal block, combined with deep sedation with propofol and dexmedetomidine, as a primary anesthetic technique in a patient with an assessed high risk for the development of postoperative pulmonary complications and scheduled for mastectomy with sentinel lymph node biopsy, followed by axillary lymph node dissection.
Abbreviations: dSAPB - deep serratus anterior plane block; NRS - Numerical Rating Scale; PPCs - postoperative pulmonary complications; sPSB - superficial parasternal block; SA - serratus anterior
Keywords: Breast surgery, superficial parasternal block, deep serratus anterior plane block
Citation: Cavallo C, Romanelli A, Gammaldi R. Deep serratus anterior plane block and superficial parasternal block for awake mastectomy in a high-risk patient. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2024;28(3):577−581; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v28i3.2480
Received: January 16, 2024; Reviewed: May 21, 2024; Accepted: May 21, 2024
Specialist training in anesthesia around the world
Authors: Durrani Romana
Published: July 2024

Anesthesia history has been marked by periods of nice developments and innovations followed by long periods of idleness. The interest in surgical anesthesia was in fact, a result of the painful surgical procedures being performed by merely restraining the patient by four or more body builder strong men. Perhaps the first anesthesia was a natural one; by severe cold which made surgeries less painful in wounded soldiers. Other developments followed in periodic succession.
But pharmaceutical anesthesia brought with it the side effects too. So a concept of balanced anesthesia was born. The debate about general anesthesia and regional anesthesia is also an old one. The recent four to five decades revolutionized monitoring techniques and thus allowed complex cardiovascular and neuro-surgery possible USG has been a great mile stone.
All this course has always put a burden on the anesthetist to keep himself abridged, if he has to be competent as well as safe healthcare professional. Different countries have different schedules of anesthesia training and this special invited paper by Dr. Romana Durrani offers a bird’s eye view of such training in a few countries. It is published as a guide for our young medical graduated, who might like to pursue their careers in one of these countries.
Key words: Anesthesia; Anesthesia, General; Development; Training, Postgraduate
Citation: Specialist training in anesthesia around the world. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2023;27(5):600-607; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v28i3.2482
Received: 23 October 2023; Revised: October 15, 2023; Accepted: 06 November 2023
Bertolotti's syndrome as an uncommon cause of LBP; a case series
Authors: Ali Liaqat , Abbas Muhammad Ali , Hanif Huma , Nasir Sana , Ali Umer
Published: July 2024

Lumbosacral transition of L5 vertebra is an anatomical variation. The transverse process of L5 vertebra may become enlarged and form a pseudo joint with ilium or sacrum, leading to low back pain, especially in young adults due to change in biomechanical properties of the lumber spine. This condition is referred to as Bertolotti’s syndrome. Here we report an ongoing case series of 11 of our patients in whom we studied the impact of steroid and local anesthetic infiltration as a treatment approach.
The primary objective of this case series is to comprehensively investigate and report the clinical characteristics, radiological findings, treatment modalities, and outcomes in a group of 11 patients diagnosed with Bertolotti's syndrome, thus adding to the existing body of knowledge about Bertolotti's syndrome by focusing on its occurrence and management in younger individuals, which is relatively less explored in the literature.
Abbreviations: VAS - Visual Analogue Scale; FABER - Flexion Abduction External rotation; SLR - Straight Leg Raising
Keywords: Bertolotti's Syndrome, Low back pain, Lumbosacral transition
Citation: Ali L, Abbas MA, Hanif H, Nasir S, Ali U. Bertolotti's syndrome as an uncommon cause of LBP; a case series. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2023;27(6):593−599; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v28i3.2484
Received: January 28, 2024; Reviewed: March 19, 2024; Accepted: April 03, 2024
Investigating the stability of a symbiotic biologically active supplement for animals during storage
Authors: Gujvinska S. О.
Published: July 2024

The aim of this work was to determine the stability of a symbiotic biologically active supplement for animals during storage and to establish its shelf life. The stability of the symbiotic was studied under two temperature conditions. The results obtained indicate that the symbiotic biologically active supplement for animals retained its biochemical activity on the day of manufacture and after 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, and 24 months and was harmless to white mice throughout the study period when stored at a temperature of 4 ± 0.5 °C. The drug remained suitable for use for 3 months after manufacture when stored at room temperature (20 ± 2 °C). Taking into account the results of the experimental data, it is recommended to store the symbiotic in the refrigerator at a temperature of 4 ± 0.5 °C for 24 months and at a temperature of 20 ± 2 °C for 3 months
Interference between mosquito densonucleosis virus and certain arboviruses
Authors: Buchatsky L. P. , Biletska H. V. , Kononko H. G. , Vynohrad N. O.
Published: July 2024

The active ingredient of the preparation Viroden, developed in Ukraine, is the mosquito densovirus. This virus has a wide tissue tropism and affects all phases of ontogenesis. It reproduces itself in the mosquito’s salivary gland cells, but unlike arboviruses, it is harmless for humans and vertebrates. It is well established that simultaneous infection of an insect with different viruses is often accompanied by the phenomenon of interference, whereby the reproduction of one or both viruses is suppressed in the insect’s body. Consequently, it was reasonable to investigate the results of concurrent infection with an arbovirus and a mosquito densovirus. Laboratory experiments demonstrated that mosquito densovirus suppressed the reproduction of West Nile, Sindbis, and Batai viruses in the mosquito’s body, resulting in a significant decrease in their infective titers as well as a reduction in the transmission factor during blood-feeding. The relevance of this research is determined by the increasing levels of biological threats posed by zoonotic transmissible viral infections common to humans and animals. According to the predictions of experts, in light of the processes of globalization and climate change, this may result in the emergence of new pandemics and panzootics
Indeks Wiener dari Graf Identitas dan Graf Pangkat pada Grup Siklis Berhingga
Authors: Darmajid Darmajid , Hidayat Noor , Wicaksono Wildan Bagus , Musyarrofah Ayunda Faizatul
Published: July 2024

Graf identitas atas suatu grup didefinisikan sebagai graf dengan himpunan titiknya berupa unsur- unsur grup dan dua titik dihubungkan oleh sebuah sisi jika hasil kalinya merupakan unsur identitas atau tepat salah satu dari kedua titik merupakan unsur identitas pada grup. Graf pangkat atas suatu grup didefinisikan sebagai graf dengan himpunan titiknya berupa unsur-unsur grup dan dua titik dihubungkan oleh sebuah sisi jika satu titik dapat dituliskan sebagai perpangkatan dari titik lainnya. Pada penelitian ini dikaji formulasi indeks Wiener dari graf identitas dan graf pangkat pada grup siklik berhingga. Hasil formulasi indeks Wiener dari graf identitas terbagi atas grup siklis orde 1, orde ganjil lebih dari 1 dan orde genap sedangkan dari graf pangkat difokuskan pada grup siklis berode perpangkatan bilangan prima dan perkalian dua prima berbeda.
The Effect of Digital Promotion and Brand Awareness on Purchasing Decisions on Scarlett Whitening Skincare Products (Study on TikTok Shop User Students ar FEB UNM)
Authors: Johnson Nur Atifah Septira , Amin Andi Mustika , Haeruddin Muhammad Ilham Wardhana , Ruma Zainal , Hasdiansa Ilma Wulansari
Published: July 2024

In the digital era with the internet that is increasingly developing like today with the sophistication of this technology, it has a major effect on consumer behavior. Digital promotion has become one of the main strategies in marketing efforts to reach consumers who are increasingly connected online. Meanwhile, brand awareness remains an important aspect in shaping consumer perceptions of brands and products. The purpose of this study is to ascertain how Scarlett Whitening product purchasing decisions are influenced by digital promotion and brand awareness among students at Makassar State University's Faculty of Economics and Business. The study's population consisted of 70 enrolled students from Makassar State University's 2020 class in the Faculty of Economics and Business. A questionnaire was used to obtain the data. Multiple linear regression analysis utilizing the Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) is the data analysis method employed. The study's findings suggest that digital promotion partially has a positive and significant effect on Purchasing Decisions. Brand Awareness partially has a positive and significant effect on Purchasing Decisions. Meanwhile Digital Promotion and Brand Awareness simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on Purchasing Decisions.
Pengaruh Terpaan Berita Online Kompas.com dan E-Wom di Media Sosial “X” pada Kasus Ledakan Depo Pertamina Plumpang terhadap PT Pertamina (Persero)
Authors: Khansa Devani , Hanika Ita
Published: July 2024

In the rapidly evolving digital communication, the dynamics of online news consumption and electronic word of mouth (eWOM) have become integral components influencing public perceptions of corporate entities. This research seeks to explain the relationship between online news exposure of Kompas.com, electronic word of mouth, and their influence on the company reputation of PT Pertamina (Persero). This research uses a quantitative methodology, utilizing the cluster random sampling technique to ensure a representative sample. A structured questionnaire distributed to 185 respondents living in six sub-districts of North Jakarta. With the framework of Agenda Setting Theory, this research explores how online news exposure and electronic word of mouth collectively contribute to shaping the public agenda, thereby influencing perceptions of company reputation. The Agenda Setting Theory provides a theoretical view through which to analyze the process by which certain issues gain prominence in the public sphere, guiding our investigation into the dynamics of online news and eWOM on corporate reputation. The results of this research show: 1) Exposure to Kompas.com online news has a significant effect on the reputation of PT Pertamina (Persero) with a regression coefficient value of 0.281; 2) Electronic word of mouth has a significant effect on the reputation of PT Pertamina (Persero) with a regression coefficient value of 0.230; 3) Simultaneous exposure to online news and E-WOM has a significant effect on the reputation of PT Pertamina (Persero) with a Sig value. 0,000.
Depressão e ansiedade em jovens
Authors: Da Mata Oliveira Carolina , Rodrigues de Almeida Rego Oliveira Larissa , Saldanha Camargos Aires Letícia , Novaes Carvalho Luiza , Jorge Albernaz Maria Carolina , Araujo Barbosa Lima Maria Fernanda , Oliveira Dias Rafaella , Ramos Pino de Souza Laryssa , Guimarães Cardoso Emanuel , Briere Ana Luiza , Jorge Albernaz Maria Eduarda
Published: July 2024

Introdução: A depressão e a ansiedade são questões de saúde mental que afetam cada vez mais os jovens ao redor do mundo. Essas condições não apenas comprometem o bem-estar emocional e psicológico dos indivíduos, mas também podem impactar significativamente suas vidas sociais, acadêmicas e profissionais. Este tema tornou-se uma preocupação crescente devido aos seus efeitos devastadores na juventude, influenciados por uma variedade de fatores, desde pressões sociais até mudanças biológicas e ambientais. Compreender as causas e os efeitos da depressão e ansiedade entre os jovens é crucial para desenvolver estratégias eficazes de prevenção e intervenção, visando promover uma melhor qualidade de vida e saúde mental nesta fase crucial do desenvolvimento humano. Objetivo: revisar a fisiopatologia da depressão e ansiedade em jovens, bem como os neurotransmissores e tratamentos relacionados. Metodologia: análise documental de literatura por meio de seleção de artigos com base na leitura dos resumos dos tais. Resultados e discussão: as análises feitas permitiram perceber similaridades entre a depressão e ansiedade, as quais implicaram em condutas médicas semelhantes, pelo fato de interferirem no emocional do paciente por meio de fatores externos e internos, como alterações nos neurotransmissores. Conclusão: depressão e ansiedade são patologias ainda negligenciadas, fato que se deve ao conhecimento insuficiente da sociedade sobre a fisiologia dessas doenças, de modo a acarretar julgamento e exclusão social dos indivíduos acometidos por estas. Portanto, entender a fisiopatologia dessas doenças, facilita a escolha do tratamento psicoterápico e da farmacoterapia a serem utilizados, de maneira a garantir um acompanhamento mais humanizado, além de uma mudança no tratamento social desses indivíduos.
RAQUIANESTESIA NA PRÁTICA CIRÚRGICA: BENEFÍCIOS E DESAFIOS
Authors: Camargo Marília Ferreira , Silva Danillo Pedro Mendes da , Menezes Gabriel Barbosa , Santos Ana Clara Andrade Noronha , Silva Roger Andrade Da , Pontifícia Aline Cristina da Silva Duarte , Ripari Vitória Alagia , Silveira Luísa Teixeira , Lima Delza Correia , Coscia Bárbara Cirilo de Sá , Silva Geovanna Beatriz de Arruda e , Pinto Maria Queiroga , Costa Débora Morgana Bezerra da , Cunha Brunno Alexandre Pereira da
Published: July 2024

A raquianestesia, também conhecida como anestesia espinhal, é uma técnica anestésica regional amplamente utilizada em diversas cirurgias, principalmente em procedimentos abaixo do abdômen. Esta abordagem oferece inúmeros benefícios, incluindo uma rápida indução anestésica, estabilidade hemodinâmica e menor risco de complicações respiratórias em comparação com a anestesia geral. No entanto, a prática da raquianestesia também apresenta desafios significativos, como a potencial ocorrência de hipotensão e cefaleia pós-punção dural. Objetivo: Explorar e analisar a aplicação da raquianestesia em procedimentos cirúrgicos, destacando suas vantagens e desafios. Metodologia:  Foram utilizadas as bases de dados Cochrane, Scielo e Medline, buscando artigos publicados entre os anos de 2023 e 2024, nos idiomas Português ou Inglês. Considerações Finais: A raquianestesia é valorizada na prática cirúrgica por sua rápida indução e menores complicações respiratórias em comparação com a anestesia geral. No entanto, apresenta desafios como hipotensão e cefaleia pós-punção dural. Assim, o sucesso dessa técnica depende da habilidade do anestesiologista e do manejo eficaz dos efeitos adversos, bem como investir em educação contínua e pesquisa é essencial para aprimorar a segurança e a eficácia da raquianestesia.
Terapi Komplementer Akupressur dalam Mengatasi Morning Sickness pada Ibu Hamil Trimester I
Authors: Nurbaiti Nurbaiti , Perwitasari Tuhu , Nurita Suci Rahmani
Published: July 2024

Nauseous vomiting is caused by Changes in the endocrine system in the body that occur during pregnancy are due to high fluctuations in HCG levels (human chrinic gonadotropin) Although nausea and vomiting is a physiological thing, if proper treatment is not carried out, it will turn into pathology where it can affect the health of the mother and fetus, such as malnutrition so that adequate nutrition can be obtained which can cause low birth weight or prematurity. This activity aims to increase the knowledge and understanding of pregnant women and mothers who can do it independently at home in copingmorning sickness. This activity is carried out on the month October 2022 to January 2023 took place at PMB Rosmala Aini Jambi City, which was attended by 20 pregnant women, with lecture, discussion and question and answer methods, the media used was in the form of leaflets, meeting time+ 90 minutes. At the implementation stage, before and after giving the material, an evaluation of the knowledge of pregnant women throughpretest andposttestby using a questionnaire. the result of this activity is an increase in the knowledge of pregnant women with a value before education for mothers with less knowledge of 90% and after education the mother's knowledge becomes good to 85% based on this, it can be concluded that mother's knowledge increases and it is hoped that mothers can do it independently.
Pelatihan Pengukuran Antropometri Balita pada Kader Posyandu di Desa Wonorejo
Authors: Rahmatika Qory Tifani , Widjayanti Yhenti , Masfi Achmad
Published: July 2024

Millions of Indonesian children remain at risk due to the high burden of double malnutrition. Close monitoring of the growth and development status of toddlers is of utmost importance, particularly the role of community health workers in early detection if any growth disorders are observed in toddlers. The purpose of this community engagement is to enhance the understanding of community health workers at integrated health posts (posyandu) in conducting anthropometric measurements and instructing them in evaluating nutritional status based on anthropometric measurements. The methods employed in this training activity include lectures, demonstrations, re-demonstrations, as well as post-training discussions. The results of knowledge and skills assessments among the community health workers, including weighing, measuring height or length, and head circumference measurements, after the training, indicate that the majority of community health workers can accurately perform anthropometric measurements. Training using methods of lecture, discussion, and demonstration-redemonstration is considered effective in enhancing the knowledge and skills of cadres in anthropometric measurements.
Edukasi Pencegahan dan Penanganan Cedera Hamstring pada Pemain Sepak Bola di Komunitas Jambi Fun Soccer
Authors: Hadi Putra , Faridah Faridah
Published: July 2024

Hamstring injury is an injury to the hamstring muscle tissue due to direct or indirect damage from being stretched beyond normal limits. This injury often occurs in the groin muscles, hamstrings, and quadriceps muscles. Hamstring injuries often occur in altitudinarians usually in one of the hamstrings muscles that are torn or stretched due to trauma and sudden movement or Movement suddenly stops. The objective of this study is to increase knowledge about handling hamstring injuries in soccer players in the Jambi Fun Soccer community. Methods: this community service is in the form of delivering material and practicing directly with the help of leaflet and presentation media as well as simulation of injury management program exercises in the form of Stretching Exercise techniques or Stretching Exercises in the Hamstring area. After this counseling is done is the increased knowledge of soccer players about hamstring strain injuries and the importance of stretching exercise in handling sports injuries. This is indicated by the ability of the players to answer questions given after counseling. Conclusion: The positive response given by the players was very diverse and on average gave a very satisfied response to the implementation of this work program.
Program Brain Breaks Berbasis Aktivitas Fisik untuk Peningkatan Fungsi Kognitif Siswa SD Inpres Kera-Kera Kota Makassar
Authors: Abdullah Meutiah Mutmainnah , Nuskin Gita Safirah , Purnamasari Nahdiah , Ahsaniyah Andi Besse , Harisa Akbar , Hamisah Hamisah , Gondo Adi Ahmad , Hasyar Andi Rizky Arbaim , Aras Djohan , Permana Andi Fajrin , Fitriani Nurlaila
Published: July 2024

The Brain-breaks program is presented as a program designed to improve children's motor and cognitive abilities. This program presents movements that will improve neuroplasticity mechanisms in order to improve short-term memory and attention skills in a fun and easy to follow way. The aim of this community service activity is that participants can carry out physical training movements in the form of motor and cognitive exercises which can then be assessed on cognitive function. A total of 21 students from SD Inpres Kera-Kera participated in this activity. Activity participants showed satisfactory results in memory and attention abilities after giving the Brain-Breaks program through measuring the digit span test which showed an increase in 14 students, measuring the Stroop test where there was an increase in the word test from 85.7% before giving the program to reach 100 % after giving the program followed by the color test from 62% to 90.4%, and the color-word test score from 4.76% to 23.8%, as well as the distribution of knowledge and mastery of the brain-breaks program material which increased from 0% to 100% after giving the program, apart from that, participants have also been able to practice the types of games that have been given with the help of the class teacher or done independently. Based on the results and discussion, it is known that the brain breaks program can improve short-term memory and attention in an effort to improve the cognitive quality of students at Inpres Kera-Kera Elementary School, Makassar City.
Edukasi Mekanisme Koping dan Spiritualitas sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Dukungan Kesehatan Jiwa pada Mahasiswa dengan Self Help Group Therapy
Authors: Fitriani Nurlaila , Saleh Ariyanti , Hastuti Hastuti , Rahman Framita , Hapsah Hapsah , Andriani Andriani , Meutiah Meutiah , Febrianty Eva , Azzahra Nur Inaayah , Nurazizah Nurazizah , Rasak Risna
Published: July 2024

The Self Help Group Therapy group for nursing students was formed as a forum for sharing stories with each other and finding solutions to problems. One intervention that can be provided is health education related to coping mechanisms and spirituality in an effort to improve mental health. The aim of this community service is to increase students' knowledge regarding coping mechanisms and spirituality. The number of participants in this service was 38 people, education and delivery of material regarding Coping Mechanisms and Spirituality was delivered by lecturers at the Faculty of Nursing, Hasanuddin University using powerpoint media in the Self Help Group Therapy group. Evaluation of implementation results regarding knowledge using a questionnaire. The results of the implementation showed that students' knowledge of coping and spiritual mechanisms found that the majority of students had increased. In conclusion, there has been an increase in students' knowledge with the Self Help Group regarding spirituality and coping mechanisms after the education was carried out. The community service team hopes that Hasanuddin University, especially the Faculty of Nursing as a partner, will be able to carry out screening to capture more students who experience mental health problems so that early prevention can be carried out and for further treatment, Self Help Group Therapy activities can be provided.
Optimalisasi Pola Hidup Sehat pada Masyarakat di Kelurahan Legok Kota Jambi
Authors: Fithriyani Fithriyani , M Rino
Published: July 2024

Improving the degree of public health can be started by increasing sufficient knowledge about healthy lifestyles. A disease can be identified by a medical examination, not only providing education. This community service activity aims to increase public understanding of the importance of health and maintaining a healthy lifestyle. This activity was on November 4, 2022 at RT 39 house, Legok Village, Jambi City. Method of implementation of activities in the form of education about healthy lifestyles. Education provided in the form of providing material through lectures and discussions, media used powerpoint and leaflets. The output target to be achieved is to achieve changes in the behavior of individuals, families and communities in fostering and maintaining healthy living behaviors and healthy environments, as well as playing an active role in efforts to realize optimal health degrees. This activity was attended by 22 people from Rt 39 Legok Village, cadres and heads of RT along with professional students of Ners. The results of this activity increase people's understanding of healthy lifestyles and apply them in daily life
Edukasi Pentingnya Gizi Seimbang pada Remaja di SMPN 23 Kota Serang
Authors: Zahrah Nisri Ina , Selvianita Defi , Qonita Qonita , Yulvia Novrita Tri , Lestari Puji
Published: July 2024

Growth and development enhancement during adolescence is the reason for the increased nutritional needs of adolescents. Lack of educational exposure related to nutrition is a trigger for unhealthy food choices. This education aims to provide education to increase understanding of the importance of balanced nutrition in adolescents. The education was held in September 2023 at SMPN 23 Serang City involving 150 students. Education is given through active lecture and question-answer methods using PowerPoint media. The results of the evaluation were measured by giving several questions related to balanced nutrition before and after present the education. Students can explain the composition and distribution of portions on one dinner plate and can mention the distribution of nutritionally balanced food portions in one day. It can be concluded that education using PowerPoint media for adolescents is effective in increasing students' knowledge about the importance of balanced nutrition
PENGARUH SOSIALISASI PERPAJAKAN, SANKSI PAJAK DAN PENGETAHUAN WAJIB PAJAK TERHADAP KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK ORANG PRIBADI (Studi Empiris Pada KPP Pratama Boyolali)
Authors: Sufiyanto Riyan , Hegy Suryana Alean Kistiani , Triatmaja Nur Asih , Dwi Pratiwi Yunita , Wulandari Amy
Published: July 2024

Taxes are an important factor in state financing. The Directorate General of Taxes explores various approaches to increasing public compliance with tax obligations. This study examines how taxpayer compliance increases through the implementation of tax socialization, application of tax sanctions, and taxpayer knowledge. This research was conducted on people who were registered as taxpayers at the Pratama Boyolali checkpoint. The Slovin formula was used to determine the number of samples to obtain 100 respondents who were met by chance. The analysis used is multiple linear regression analysis. The test results show that each variable of tax socialization, tax sanctions, and taxpayer knowledge partially has a positive and significant effect on taxpayer compliance. Simultaneous tests produce similar results, namely the independent variables are positively related to taxpayer compliance.