bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A step forward in enhancing the health-promoting properties of whole tomato as a functional food to lower the impact of non-communicable diseases
Authors: Natali Pier Giorgio , Piantelli Mauro , Sottini Alessandra , Eufemi Margherita , Banfi Cristina , Imberti Luisa
Published: February 2025

Nutritional interventions facilitating the consumption of natural, affordable, and environment-compatible health-promoting functional foods are a promising strategy for controlling non-communicable diseases. Given that the complex of tomato micronutrients produces healthier outcomes than lycopene, its major antioxidant component, new strategies to improve the health-supporting properties of the berry are ongoing. In this context, a whole tomato food supplement (WTFS), enriched by 2% olive wastewater containing a complex of healthy nutrients with converging biologic activities, has recently been developed, which is superior to those present in tomato commodities or obtained with whole tomato conventional processing methods. WTFS equals the antioxidant activity of N-acetyl-cysteine and interferes with multiple inflammation and cellular transformation-sustaining metabolic pathways. In interventional studies, WTFS inhibits prostate experimental tumors and improves benign prostate hypertrophy-associated symptoms with no associated side-effects. Although WTFS may be susceptible to further improvements and clinical scrutiny, its composition embodies the features of advanced functional foods to ease adherence to dietary patterns, that is, the Mediterranean diet, aimed at contrasting and mitigating the low-grade inflammation, thus being interceptive or preventive of non-communicable diseases.
Low transthyretin is associated with the poor prognosis of colorectal cancer
Authors: Zhang Zhe , Hu Chenhao , Shi Feiyu , Zhang Lei , Wang Ya , Zhang Yujie , Zhang Xiaojiang , She Junjun
Published: February 2025

Objective

To determine whether transthyretin (TTR) influences the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancers and establish a predictive model based on TTR.

Methods

Between January 2013 and February 2019, the clinical data of 1322 CRC patients aged from 18 years to 80 years who underwent surgical treatment were retrospectively analyzed. The preoperative TTR level, clinicopathological data, and follow-up data were recorded. The X-tile program was used to determine the optimal cut-off value. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the correlation between the TTR and the cumulative incidence of cancer-specific survival (CSS). Nomograms were then developed to predict CSS. Furthermore, an additional cohort of 377 CRC patients enrolled between January 2014 and December 2015 was included as an external validation.

Results

Based on the optimal cut-off value of 121.3 mg/L, we divided the patients into the TTR-lower group (<121.3 mg/L) and the TTR-higher group (≥121.3 mg/L). Comparative analysis revealed that the TTR-higher group exhibited a younger demographic, a higher prevalence of low colorectal cancers, an elevated R0 resection rate, superior differentiation, earlier stage and lower levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in contrast to the TTR-lower group. The Cox multivariable analysis underscored the significance of TTR and various clinicopathological factors, encompassing age, tumor location, R0 resection status, differentiation grade, disease stage, postoperative chemoradiotherapy, and preoperative CEA levels, as substantial prognostic indicators. The postoperative survival nomogram, when internally and externally assessed, demonstrated commendable performance across multiple metrics, including the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), calibration plots, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Compared with other models, the proportional hazards model combined with TTR demonstrates superior performance in terms of C-index, AUC, calibration chart, and DCA within the prognostic column chart.

Conclusions

The preoperative TTR was identified as a prognostic factor for predicting the long-term prognosis of CRC patients who underwent surgical treatment, supporting its role as a prognostic biomarker in clinical practice.
Photodynamic therapy for the precise treatment of localized prostate cancer
Authors: Xu Youcheng , Tan Qinyuan , Sun Chong , Jia Yuefeng , Li Shengxian , Yang Xuecheng
Published: February 2025

Over the past 20 years, early diagnosis of prostate cancer has become increasingly prevalent due to the promotion of prostate-specific antigens, and its treatment has become a focal point. However, there are some drawbacks associated with therapies for early prostate cancer, such as active surveillance and radical prostatectomy, which may include urinary incontinence, erectile dysfunction, and urinary tract infection. In contrast, photodynamic therapy (PDT) is introduced into the treatment of prostate cancer because of its advantages, such as high precision to tumor cells, low toxicity, and no radiation. Compared to radical prostatectomy, the PDT has low risk and minimal trauma. Although PDT is in the early stages of clinical development, it holds promise for the effective treatment of localized prostate cancer. Herein, we reviewed studies on the mechanisms of PDT and photosensitizers for prostate cancer. Given the rapid development of nanotechnology, photosensitizers wrapped by nanomaterials have emerged as new option with significant advantages, particularly of in achieving high tumor selectivity using functional nanomaterials. Numerous PDT clinical trials on prostate cancer have been conducted worldwide. We also reviewed the results of a few photosensitizers in these clinical trials. However, a few limitations and challenges regarding PDT for prostate cancer still exist. In addition, future development and potential clinical application strategies of future PDT are predicted.
A case report: interstitial pneumonia following treatment of gastric cancer with sintilimab in combination with S-1
Authors: Zhu Pei , Sun Qingming , Xu Sheng , Dong Wanhui
Published: February 2025

Background

Interstitial pneumonia is a group of pathologies affecting the pulmonary interstitium, characterized by interstitial fibrosis and extensive alveolar consolidation. This disease can extend to the surrounding blood vessels and pulmonary interstitium, sometimes affecting the entire lung, resulting in functional limitations, including restrictive ventilatory defect, impaired gas exchange, and hypoxemia. Severe interstitial pneumonia can lead to death. Antitumor drugs can induce interstitial pneumonia. Sintilimab is an immune checkpoint inhibitor, a recombinant fully human immunoglobulin G-type programmed death protein-1 monoclonal antibody inhibitor. S-1 is a compound preparation consisting of gimeracil, oteracil potassium, and ftorafur. There have been cases of interstitial pneumonia caused by treatment with sintilimab or S-1 in clinical settings, but no cases of interstitial pneumonia caused by treatment with a combination of sintilimab and S-1 have been reported.

Case report

A patient diagnosed with gastric cancer underwent nine courses of treatment using a chemotherapy regimen of combined oxaliplatin S-1., Due to severe bone marrow suppression and gastrointestinal adverse reactions, the treatment was switched to sintilimab in combination with S-1therapy., This change resulted in the development of interstitial pneumonia, as revealed by non-contrast chest Computed Tomography scans. Following a review of blood test results and a multidisciplinary consultation, we suspect that the interstitial pneumonia may have been caused either by Sintilimab alone or by the combined effects of sintilimab and S-1. The treatment was discontinued, and after receiving adequate glucocorticoid therapy, the pulmonary lesions showed slight improvement.

Conclusion

This case provides a clinical reference, indicating that prior touse of sintilimab in combination with S-1 antitumor regimen, a comprehensive baseline assessment should be conducted, including blood routine examination, enzyme tests, and pulmonary imaging examination, with close monitoring of the patient’s pulmonary condition. If drug-induced lung injury is suspected, the medication should be discontinued immediately, and appropriate treatment should be initiated promptly.
Study on the mechanism of plant metabolites to intervene oxidative stress in diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Gong Tianyao , Wang Dongmei , Wang Jinyan , Huang Qun , Zhang Haiyan , Liu Chunmeng , Liu Xinglin , Ye Hejiang
Published: February 2025

Diabetic retinopathy is the main microvascular complication of diabetes and the first blinding eye disease in the working-age population. Oxidative stress is an important pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. Plant metabolites can be divided into two types: primary metabolites and secondary metabolites, secondary metabolites are the main active components and important sources for developing new drugs. It has unique effect in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy. However, the research on the intervention mechanism of plant metabolites in diabetic retinopathy are still relatively shallow, which limit the application of plant metabolites. With the deepening of research, more and more plant metabolites have been reported to play a role in treating diabetic retinopathy through anti-oxidative stress, including polyphenols, polysaccharides, saponins, alkaloids, etc. Therefore, this article reviewed the potential of plant metabolites in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy in the last 10 years and elucidated their mechanism of action. We hope to provide some references for the application of plant metabolites and provide valuable resources for the research and development of new drugs for diabetic retinopathy.
Effects of plant active substances in rheumatoid arthritis—a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Peng Qiuwei , Wang Jian , Li Kesong , Xia Congming , Yao Chuanhui , Guo Qiuyan , Gong Xun , Tang Xiaopo , Jiang Quan
Published: February 2025

Background

Plant active substances are extensively utilized in treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Despite numerous experimental and clinical studies on plant active substances their efficacy remains largely unsubstantiated. The widespread use of these extracts as therapeutic measures for RA is problematic due to the lack of compelling evidence.

Objective

Our research aims to assess the impact of plant active substances on RA by conducting a network meta-analysis.

Methods

We systematically searched four electronic databases—PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science—from their inception to August 2024. The main focus was on assessing primary outcomes, including the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), inflammatory markers, Swollen Joint Count (SJC), Tender Joint Count (TJC), and Disease Activity Score on 28 joints (DAS28). We performed data analysis using StataMP 15.1 software and ranked the therapeutic effects based on the Surface Under the Cumulative Ranking Curve (SUCRA) probability values.

Results

Based on screening procedures, 18 eligible studies were incorporated into the analysis. These studies encompassed a total of 1,674 RA patients and investigated 10 different plant active substance therapies. Specifically, 10 studies included VAS indicators, 17 studies included inflammatory marker indicators, 14 studies included DAS28 indicators, 13 studies included SJC indicators, and 13 studies included TJC indicators. Based on SUCRA values, quercetin appeared to be the most effective treatment for decreasing serum VAS levels (67.3%). Furthermore, curcumin emerged as the most promising option for reducing inflammatory marker levels (72.3%), SJC (75.6%), and TJC (76.2%). Lastly, with respect to DAS28, resveratrol emerged as the optimal choice (74.3%).

Conclusion

According to the network meta-analysis (NMA), curcumin exhibited superior efficacy compared to placebo in decreasing SJC and TJC. Additionally, curcumin demonstrated greater effectiveness in reducing inflammatory markers. Quercetin was more effective in reducing VAS, and resveratrol was more effective in reducing DAS28. Patients with RA may benefit from these findings. Insightful information from this study is helpful for RA patients to consider using plant active substance therapies. For their efficacy and safety to be confirmed, more proof is needed.
Rainfall distribution variability controls surface but not belowground litter decomposition in a semi-arid shrubland
Authors: Li Yulin , Cheng Li , Yang Honglin , Zhang Rui , Ning Zhiying
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Rainfall patterns are expected to become increasingly erratic as a result of global climate change, with more intense but less frequent rainfall events leading to an increased occurrence of drought events. This process may lead to significant declines in vegetation cover and subsequent increases in soil erosion, consequently accelerating the bury of detached litter by soil deposition and the mixture of residues from different plant species. Responses of litter decomposition to increasing rainfall variability in distribution and subsequent litter mixing or soil cover have scarcely received attention.

Methods

To fill this gap in our knowledge, we analyzed the influence of rainfall variability, soil cover, and litter mixing on shrub-species litter decomposition in a semi-arid shrubland. We explored the effects of redistributing the frequency and amount of precipitation on surface and belowground decomposition of litter from two separate or mixed predominant shrubs.

Results

Decomposition of belowground litter was consistently higher than that of surface litter over the entire field-incubation process. Mass loss significantly decreased in surface litter but not in belowground litter due to the lower frequency and larger amount of precipitation compared to the control treatment. Furthermore, exclusion of 30% precipitation had no significant effects on decomposition of either surface or belowground litter. We observed stronger synergistic effect for belowground litter mixture relative to surface litter mixture of the two shrubs, especially in the hotter months over the 5-month incubation.

Discussion

These findings support that rainfall variability in terms of distribution pattern rather than in the amount controls the litter decomposition on the soil surface in the semi-arid shrubland. Meanwhile, soil burial or litter mixing have greater effects on litter decomposition, individually or jointly. Together, our results highlight the need to consider rainfall distribution variability and incorporate soil-covering and litter-mixing as driving factors of organic matter turnover in drylands.
Unraveling the individual and interactive effects of climate and competition on branch growth dynamics in Pinus koraiensis in Northeast China
Authors: Zhao Xuehan , Miao Zheng , Li Fengri , Hao Yuanshuo , Jiang Yumeng , Dong Lihu
Published: February 2025

Introduction

The quantitative modeling of dynamic branch growth in Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) and the analysis of the factors influencing branch growth are essential prerequisites for making scientifically sound management decisions in Korean pine plantations. To date, the effects of competition, climate and their interactions on branch growth have been insufficiently investigated. Additionally, limited knowledge exists regarding whether these impacts vary depending on the social status of trees. In the face of the current challenges posed by climate change, accurate information to inform forest management and policy-making is urgently needed.

Methods

We collected 745 branches from 54 sampled trees of Korean pine and, we employed a mixed-effects model to assess the effects of tree variables, competition, climate, and their interactions on branch growth. Furthermore, we simulated branch growth under different combinations of competition and climatic conditions to provide practical and targeted recommendations for Korean pine plantation management.

Results

Our results demonstrate that (1) in addition to branch age, size, and tree height growth, competition, climate, and their interactions significantly improved the branch growth model, with the effects of interactions surpassing the individual effects of climate, which highlights the importance of considering interactive effects; (2) the effects of climate and competition varied depending on the social status of the trees, with dominant and intermediate individuals showing greater sensitivity to competition and climate than suppressed individuals, suggesting that, for future research in this direction, prioritizing sampling of dominant and intermediate individuals would be a cost-effective approach; and (3) owing to the presence of interactions, the influence of climate on branch growth was modulated by competition, suggesting that adjusting competition levels in response to climate stress could lead to desirable branch growth outcomes.

Discussion

Our study underscores the importance of understanding the different sources of variation in branch growth is crucial for advancing our understanding of tree growth and crown dynamics, as well as for formulating sustainable management policies amidst the uncertainties of climate change.
Decoding communicative action vitality forms in social contexts
Authors: Niewiadomski Radoslaw , Suresh Amrita , Sciutti Alessandra , Di Cesare Giuseppe
Published: February 2025

The form of an action conveys important information about the agent performing it. Humans may execute the same action in different ways, e.g., vigorously, gently or rudely. This fundamental affective component of the action has been named vitality forms (VFs) by Stern. To date, despite the fundamental role of VFs in social communication, the kinematic features characterizing them have been rarely studied. The aims of the present study are twofold: to investigate spatiotemporal characteristics of transitive and intransitive actions performed with different VFs; to investigate whether and how it is possible to recognize these aspects of action automatically. For this purpose, we asked two actors to perform seven actions with VFs (gentle and rude) or without VFs (neutral, slow and fast). Thousand repetitions of actions were collected, and their kinematics was recorded by using a motion capture system. Twenty-two kinematic features were identified from kinematic data. Results indicate that VFs are not merely characterized by a modulation of a single motion parameter such as velocity or acceleration, but by a combination of different spatiotemporal properties. Finally, we also demonstrate that automatic recognition of VFs is possible using traditional machine learning methods, with an accuracy of 87.3%. Moreover, this recognition is also feasible for action types do not present in the training set, with an accuracy of 74.2%. These results will have significant implications in the future across various fields, including neuroscience, social robotics, and the development of virtual agents. For instance, it could enable artificial agents to recognize human attitudes and adapt their behavior appropriately to the partner during interactions. Moreover, understanding the VFs features could be useful in designing rehabilitative interventions for conditions involving social and communicative impairments, such as autism.
The impact of rural tourism entrepreneurs' hometown identity on entrepreneurial persistence
Authors: Xiang Fuhua
Published: February 2025

Introduction

This study explores how hometown identity of rural tourism entrepreneurs affected entrepreneurial persistence.

Methods

Data from 494 rural tourism entrepreneurs were collected using convenience sampling and analyzed using Amos and SPSS statistical software package via questionnaires distributed to three villages in Guizhou province, China.

Result

The findings reveal that (1) rural tourism entrepreneurs' hometown identity positively affected their attitudes toward entrepreneurial persistence and indirectly influenced entrepreneurial persistence; (2) rural tourism entrepreneurs' hometown identity positively influenced perceived behavioral control and indirectly affected entrepreneurial persistence; (3) rural tourism entrepreneurs' hometown identity positively moderated the role of subjective norms on entrepreneurial persistence.

Discussion

The findings from the present study indicated that rural tourism entrepreneurs' hometown identity can shape entrepreneurial persistence through numerous means. Authorities should emphasize the cultivation of a strong hometown identity among entrepreneurs when formulating and implementing destination-related policies to ensure the sustainable development of rural tourism.
The effect of physical activities on internet addiction in college students: the mediating effect of self-control
Authors: Sun Yan , Wang Yu , Yu Hongjun , Liu Jingmin , Feng Xiaolu
Published: February 2025

Objective

To investigate the relationship between college students' physical activities and Internet addiction, to investigate the role self-control control plays in this relationship, and to provide a theoretical foundation for the alleviation of college students' tendency to Internet addiction and intervention treatment.

Methods

A questionnaire survey was conducted on 471 college students using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), the Revised Chen Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS-R), and the Self-Control Scale (SCS).

Results

Internet addiction was significantly negatively correlated with physical activities (overall; min/WK, r = −0.115, P < 0.05), with high-intensity physical activities (min/WK, r = −0.179, P < 0.01), and with low-intensity physical activities (r = −0.103, P < 0.05); self-control was significantly positively correlated with physical activities (overall; min/WK, r = 0.150, P < 0.01), with moderate—intensity physical activities (min/WK, r = 0.139, P < 0.01) while it was significantly negatively correlated with Internet addiction (min/WK, r = −0.349, P < 0.01). The mediating effect follows the path: physical activity → self-control → internet addiction.

Conclusion

Physical activity can have a direct negative effect on college students' Internet addiction, and also influence Internet addiction through the mediating effect of self-control.
Using the socioecological model to explore factors associated with obesity among reproductive age women
Authors: Gilbert Amanda , Persaud Alicia , Farabi Sarah , Schwarz Cindy , Haire-Joshu Debra , Tabak Rachel G.
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Women of reproductive age (18–44 years) are at an increased risk of developing obesity due to pregnancy, life-transitions, and marginalization. Obesity in women negatively affects women’s health and pregnancy outcomes and can increase risk their children will develop obesity. Less is known about obesity risk at the interpersonal and environmental levels for women of reproductive age. This study uses the socioecological model to explore women’s obesity risk across ecological levels.

Materials and methods

A secondary cross-sectional analysis was conducted using baseline data (March 2019–June 2022) from the cluster-randomized Healthy Eating and Active Living Taught at Home (HEALTH) Dissemination and Implementation study. Descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression models were used to determine associations between individual, interpersonal, and environmental level factors with weight status (overweight vs. obesity).

Results

Among 221 participants (43% Hispanic/Latino, 51% High school or less), 37% were overweight and 63% had obesity. Interpersonal and environmental factors were not statistically significantly associated with obesity relative to overweight in bivariate analyses. In multivariate models, individual level factors of high/moderate physical activity (OR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.26,0.84, p = 0.01) and food insecurity (OR = 2.51, 95% CI: 1.33,4.71, p = 0.00) were statistically significantly related to risk of having obesity compared to being overweight.

Discussion

Physical activity and food insecurity were associated with obesity in this study. Associations with interpersonal and environmental level factors were not statistically significant, which may be due to limited sample size or measures available to assess these levels. Future studies should investigate structural determinants (e.g., economic, neighborhood and physical environment), which may drive physical activity and food insecurity.
Assessment of computer vision syndrome and associated factors among employees of Ethio-telecom in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Gizachew Natnael , Abegaz Teferi , Demis Tenaw , Gashaw Melese , Demoze Lidetu
Published: February 2025

Background

Computer vision syndrome refers to a range of eye and vision-related problems which may result from extended use of digital devices such as computers. It is a public health problem, affecting more than 70% of all computer users. In developing countries like Ethiopia, there is scarcity of studies on computer vision syndrome, particularly in the telecom industry making evidence-based interventions difficult. Hence, the study aims to identify the determinants and the prevalence of computer vision syndrome among Ethio telecom workers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Objectives

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of CVS and identify its factors among Ethio telecom workers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Methods

Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among Ethio telecom employees in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from March to June 2023. A total of 497 individuals participated in the study. Data were collected using an interviewer- administered questionnaire through Kobo Toolbox, observational checklist and an illuminance measuring instrument. The data were transferred to Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 for analysis. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to assess the association and control for potential confounders.

Results

The prevalence of CVS among Ethio telecom workers was 68.8% (95% CI: 64.5–72.9). Significant associations were observed with viewing distance <50 cm (AOR: 2.32, 95% CI: 1.24–4.33), improper task illumination (AOR: 1.78, 95% CI: 1.09–2.91), habit of taking breaks (AOR: 0.439, 95% CI: 0.281–0.686), and adjustment of brightness and contrast (AOR: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.22–0.68).

Conclusion

More than two-thirds of Ethio telecom workers in Addis Ababa suffer from CVS, with significant influences from viewing distance, task illumination, breaks, and monitor settings. These findings underscore the need for interventions to enhance working conditions and reduce CVS prevalence among computer users.
The use and subjective experience of sleep apps and their relationship with personality characteristics among young adults
Authors: Pallesen Ståle , Vedaa Øystein , Sunde Erlend , Harris Anette , Waage Siri , Saxvig Ingvild West , Zhang Jiewen , Bjorvatn Bjørn
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Sleep app use has become widespread in recent years. Still, understanding of characteristics of users and the impact of sleep app usage remains limited.

Methods

A sample of 940 young adults (18–30 years) living in the UK were recruited from Prolific (online research platform offering researchers access to survey panels) and invited to participate in a survey on the use and experience with sleep apps. Both sleep app users and non-users were invited. The survey included questions about demographics, morningness (Horne–Östberg Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire-reduced scale), insomnia symptoms (Bergen Insomnia Scale), personality (HEXACO: Honesty-Humility, Emotionality, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, and Openness to Experience), in addition to sleep app usage and how such use is experienced. A logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify characteristics of sleep app users. Factor analysis was used to elucidate dimensions of sleep app use experiences. Scores on the items making up each factor were then regressed on demographic variables, morningness, insomnia symptoms and personality.

Results

In all, 36.8% of the participants reported using or having used sleep apps. Use was positively associated with age, insomnia symptoms, and conscientiousness. The factor analysis revealed three factors coined: trust/objectification (trust in sleep app results), negative (e.g., becoming stressed) and positive (e.g., prioritize sleep more) perceived effects. Trust/objectification was positively associated with age and agreeableness, and inversely related to high education and openness to experience. Insomnia symptoms and emotionality were associated with perceived negative effects. Morningness and male gender were associated with perceived positive effects whereas high education had an inverse relationship with perceived positive effects.

Discussion

The use of sleep apps was widespread. Different responses to sleep app usage were observed and linked to various individual variables. The findings suggest that perceived effects of sleep apps usage should be considered in light of individual differences. Research on sleep apps is still in its early stages, and several suggestions (recommendations) for future studies are outlined.
Strategic foresight framework for addressing agency in sustainability transitions: a co-creation approach
Authors: Matti Cristian , Bontoux Laurent , Jensen Kathrine
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a novel methodological approach that integrates strategic foresight with sustainability transitions frameworks to explore how different forms of agency shape transition pathways. The research methodology employed include the development of foresight scenarios addressing sustainability, the X-curve framework for mapping possible transition pathways for a sustainable EU 2050, and agency analysis to identify strategic areas of interventions and understanding systemic policy mixes over time. This work was performed in the context of the preparation of the European Commission’s Annual Strategic Foresight Report 2023. Additionally, through empirical application across three distinct contexts, this paper demonstrates how strategic foresight can generate actionable knowledge for sustainability transitions while maintaining methodological rigor. The study advances the theoretical understanding of agency in sustainability transitions by showing how different actors can be strategically engaged through interventions aimed at shaping, navigating, and orchestrating transition pathways over time. Our findings reveal that successful transitions require balancing the agency of established institutional actors with emerging stakeholders who may lack formal authority but bring crucial perspectives and capabilities. The study emphasizes the importance of agency of multiple actors in sustainability transitions, highlighting their capacity to act and collaborate in shaping a sustainable future. The conclusions and recommendations stress the need for strong government leadership, multilevel coordination, the roll out of systemic policy mixes and a new social contract underpinned by democratic governance. The flexibility of the methodological approach allows adaptation to different institutional contexts through co-creation while maintaining coherence in how agency dealt with. This research contributes to both theoretical development and practical policy implementation by providing a structured yet adaptable strategic foresight approach to investigate how different forms of agency can effectively be combined to drive sustainability transitions.
The impact of digital payments on the financial vulnerability of rural households: empirical evidence from China
Authors: Xu Fan , Zhang Lezhu
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Poverty eradication is the primary goal of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (SDGs). Despite China’s significant achievements in poverty alleviation, many rural households still struggle to maintain a sustainable livelihood may even slip back into poverty due to ineffective risk responses when facing risks and challenges.

Methods

This study employs data from the 2017–2019 China Household Finance Survey to theoretically and empirically examine the impact and mechanisms of digital payments on the financial vulnerability of rural households.

Results

The study’s results indicate that digital payments significantly reduce the financial vulnerability of rural households, a finding that remains robust even after accounting for endogeneity, employing alternative variable measurement approaches, and conducting propensity score matching tests. Mechanism analysis suggest that encouraging rural households to hold commercial insurance, engage in non-farm employment and expand their family social networks are key pathways by which digital payments impact the financial vulnerability of rural households. Further heterogeneity analyses reveal that digital payment plays a more substantial role in mitigating the financial vulnerability of rural households in the western region, which have low financial assets and high health risks, compared to those in the central and eastern regions, which have high financial assets and low health risks.

Discussion

Therefore, this paper suggests that the government should continue to promote the in-depth integration of digital technology and financial services, strengthen the construction of rural digital infrastructure in areas lagging behind in traditional finance, enhance the comprehensive service function of digital payments, and enrich the coping strategies of farmers to mitigate financial vulnerability, while remaining vigilant about the potential consequences of digital payment.
Regulation of ofloxacin resistance in Escherichia coli strains causing calf diarrhea by quorum-sensing acyl-homoserine lactone signaling molecules
Authors: Wang Zi , Sun Miao , Wang Yongqiang , Shi Jinchuan , Gao Wei , Han Dongxu , Zeng Fanjun , Sanren  , Du Liyin , Ma Hongxia , Liu Kai
Published: February 2025

Escherichia coli is a major pathogen responsible for calf diarrhea. However, it has developed resistance to many antimicrobial drugs for their inappropriate usage. The bacterial quorum sensing system transmits information between bacteria, it's important in regulating bacterial virulence, drug and acid resistance and so on. This system can found in Gram-negative bacteria and operates through acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL) signaling molecules. In this study, a type I quorum sensing AHL, N-Octanoyl-L-Homoserine lactone (C8), was added to E. coli growth medium to investigate its regulatory functions in drug resistance. After screening out the strains of E. coli that showed an obvious regulatory effect to the drug ofloxacin (OFX), transcriptomic sequencing was performed on the E. coli strains from the sub-inhibitory concentration group that concentration plus C8 group, and the control group. It shows that C8 significantly influenced resistance to OFX and the minimum inhibitory concentration of OFX in the tested strain was significantly increased. To Analyze transcriptome sequencing results identified 415 differentially expressed genes between the control and sub-inhibitory concentration groups, of which 201 were up-regulated and 214 were down. There were 125 differentially expressed genes between bacteria treated with a sub-inhibitory concentration of OFX and those treated with C8, of which 102 were up-regulated and 23 were down. Finally, It found that to adding the C8 significantly increased the resistance of tested bacteria to OFX. Data from transcriptome sequencing on differently expressed genes helps to explain how the type I quorum sensing system controls drug resistance in E. coli.
A comprehensive review of mycoviruses infecting the plant pathogenic fungus Rosellinia necatrix
Authors: Hassan Sidra , Coutts Robert H. A. , Jamal Atif , Kotta-Loizou Ioly
Published: February 2025

The number of documented viruses that infect fungi has increased during the past few decades. Mycoviruses that infect plant pathogenic fungi are the main focus of mycoviral research since some of them have the capacity to cause hypovirulence to their host and hence function as potential biocontrol agents. This article provides a comprehensive overview of mycoviruses infecting plant pathogenic fungus Rosellinia necatrix causing white root rot, including the prevalence of their occurrence, their taxonomic classification, their genomic organization and structure, impacts on their fungal host in terms of phenotype in general and virulence in particular, and their ecological interactions including transmission. The white root rot fungus is found to harbor diverse mycoviruses with double-stranded and positive-sense single-stranded RNA genomes from different families, including Spinareoviridae, Megabirnaviridae, Partitiviridae, Quadriviridae, Pseudototiviridae, Endornaviridae, Fusariviridae, Yadokariviridae, Hypoviridae, Fusagraviridae and Megatotiviridae. Some of these mycoviruses studied in R. necatrix or a heterologous host Cryphonectria parasitica revealed interesting virus-host interplays and appear to be promising agents for biological control applications against white root rot.
Implementation of an Active Ankle-Foot Orthosis Prototype with a Cam-Driven Actuator
Authors: Lara-Velazquez Carlos Armando , Ramirez-Paredes Juan-Pablo , Torres Felipe J. , Martínez-Ramírez Israel , Baron-Casique Jeymar , Núñez-Altamirano Diego A. , González-Sandoval Beatriz Verónica
Published: February 2025

The high prevalence of conditions leading to foot drop highlights the need for devices that restore functionality, enabling patients to regain a natural gait pattern. There is a demand for a portable, lightweight, low-cost, and efficient active ankle-foot orthosis. In this work, we present the prototype of a new design that was simulated in a previous contribution, with a test bench evaluation of the low-level control. The dynamical behavior of a cam suspension interaction with a proportional–integral–derivative controller system for transmission is evaluated. The proposed active orthosis includes a novel cam-based actuator, designed to intervene at the dorsiflexion stage of gait, without influencing the plantar flexion. This design is aimed at specific lower limb ailments that cause a need for assistance only in raising the foot, and it leverages a commercial servomotor to achieve ankle angle tracking. System identification was performed using a test bench, with three degrees of freedom to emulate tibial motion during gait. Response evaluations of the device showed low values for the integral time squared error, peak overshoot, and settling time for step inputs, with and without additional periodic perturbations. The root mean squared error of the device while tracking an ankle angle signal varied from 0.1 to 6.5 degrees, depending on the speed of the changes.
Technology-Enabled Learning for Green and Sustainable Entrepreneurship Education
Authors: Cocu Adina , Pecheanu Emilia , Susnea Ioan , Dingli Sandra , Istrate Adrian , Tudorie Cornelia
Published: February 2025

(1) Background and objectives: Global crises such as climate change, pandemics, and resource depletion present unprecedented challenges that require coordinated and innovative responses. This study advocates for a bottom-up strategy by proposing and developing tools that empower individuals and organizations to embrace green and sustainable entrepreneurship, fostering localized solutions with global impact. In this context, the research explored the integration of technology-enabled entrepreneurship education (EE) into engineering curricula, with a focus on sustainable and green entrepreneurship. Leveraging insights from European projects, the research developed a cloud-based entrepreneurship educational system featuring three e-learning platforms. Particularly, one e-learning platform was specifically designed to support green and sustainable entrepreneurship education. (2) Methods: the study involved literature reviews, stakeholder surveys, interviews with green entrepreneurs, and iterative platform design. (3) Results: Key outcomes of the research include a methodology for designing pedagogical strategies and learning content for green and sustainable EE. Additionally, digital tools such as the green business innovation canvas, TRIZ-inspired matrices, and AI-driven recommendation systems were created to equip learners with the skills to develop sustainable business models. (4) Originality: The study’s novelty lies in its integration of advanced digital tools with original pedagogical strategies, providing a scalable framework for incorporating sustainability into entrepreneurship education. These findings have practical implications for educators and policymakers working to promote eco-friendly business practices. Future research should investigate the scalability of these tools across diverse educational contexts and evaluate their long-term impact on fostering sustainable entrepreneurial mindsets.
A Narrative Review: Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and the Risk of Suicidal Ideation in Adolescents
Authors: Gage Dylan S. , Priefer Veronica E. , Priefer Ronny
Published: February 2025

Abstract: Serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are currently the first-line treatment for adolescents suffering from major depressive disorder, even though a black box warning concerns suicidal ideation was put forth in 2004. Numerous trials have been conducted evaluating this risk in adult patients, with less being done surrounding pediatric patients. Trials that have focused on this specific risk in adolescents have shown either a strong connection, conflicting results, or non-significance. Trials comparing other non-SSRI antidepressants have also demonstrated some risk of suicidal ideation, suggesting the risk may not be specific to this class of drugs. Other data have also suggested that the risk is linked to treatment duration, genetics, and/or simply that the adolescent patients with major depressive disorder are an at-risk population. Herein, a review is presented of the trials conducted surrounding SSRIs, their use in adolescents, and their risk in terms of developing suicidal ideation.
Personalizing Multimedia Content Recommendations for Intelligent Vehicles Through Text–Image Embedding Approaches
Authors: Choi Jin-A , Hong Taekeun , Lim Kiho
Published: February 2025

The ability to automate and personalize the recommendation of multimedia contents to consumers has been gaining significant attention recently. The burgeoning demand for digitization and automation of formerly analog communication processes has caught the attention of researchers and professionals alike. In light of the recent interest and anticipated transition to fully autonomous vehicles, this study proposes a text–image embedding method recommender system for the optimization of personalized multimedia content for in-vehicle infotainment. This study leverages existing pre-trained text embedding models and pre-trained image feature extraction methods. Previous research to date has focused mainly on textual-only or image-only analyses. By employing similarity measurements, this study demonstrates how recommendation of the most relevant multimedia content to consumers is enhanced through text–image embedding.
Systematic Review: Does Pre-Pubertal Spaying Reduce the Risk of Canine Mammary Tumours?
Authors: Guirguis Phillip , Beggs David S.
Published: February 2025

Background: Ovariectomy and ovariohysterectomy (spaying) are two surgical procedures commonly performed on dogs. However, the optimum age at which to perform these procedures in dogs remains a contentious issue. Following work published in the 1960s, pre-pubertal spaying became popular largely on the basis that it reduced the risk of mammary cancer development. However, a systematic review published more than 10 years ago questioned this. The objective of this study was to examine the strength and direction of updated literature on the relationship between spaying age of dogs and mammary tumour development and to investigate whether the evidence has changed. Method: A systematic review was conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. In March 2023, peer-reviewed articles were collected from three databases (CAB direct, Web of Science, and PubMed). Articles were excluded if they were not in English, not peer-reviewed, not relevant to PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison and Outcome), or if the study investigated the effects of desexing on canines with mammary tumours already or of the prognosis and not development of mammary tumours. Results: Of 232 articles obtained from the initial database search, 13 articles were found to meet the inclusion criteria. Six out of the thirteen papers selected found no evidence of a protective effect of early spaying against mammary tumour development. Conclusion: This review suggests that further breed-specific studies with matched controls on the main risk factors would help address issues such as lack of appropriate statistical analysis, control of biases, and confounding risk factors. The benefits of early spaying should be balanced with other considerations about the optimal age for spaying dogs.
Molecular Diagnosis and Identification of Equine Piroplasms: Challenges and Insights from a Study in Northern Italy
Authors: Facile Veronica , Magliocca Martina , Dini Filippo Maria , Imposimato Ilaria , Mariella Jole , Freccero Francesca , Urbani Lorenza , Rinnovati Riccardo , Sel Emily , Gallina Laura , Castagnetti Carolina , Galuppi Roberta , Battilani Mara , Balboni Andrea
Published: February 2025

Equine piroplasmosis is a tick-borne disease caused by Babesia and Theileria species. Despite its presence in Europe, no laboratory testing is required for animal movement, even though some countries remain free of this disease. Differentiating between species and genotypes is crucial to determine the most effective treatment, as dosage, active compounds, and duration vary. However, diagnosis is often challenging due to genetic variability and the limited sensitivity of molecular methods. The aims of this study were to compare the performances of different molecular diagnostic tests to identify the most effective assay for piroplasm DNA detection and to genetically characterize the piroplasms identified in horses in Northern Italy from 2016 to 2022. Among 63 horses tested, 24 (38.1%) were positive in at least one of the tests used. Four horses tested positive for Babesia caballi with identical nucleotide sequences, while 22 horses tested positive for genetically different Theileria species, including Theileria equi, Theileria haneyi-like species, and Theileria sp. Africa. Two horses were coinfected by Babesia caballi and Theileria haneyi-like species. The best diagnostic approach to avoid false negative results was a combination of different assays. Further studies will be necessary to better assess the prevalence and genetic diversity of piroplasms involved in equine piroplasmosis.
Enhancement of Semen Cryopreservation from Native Thai Bulls Through Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract Supplementation
Authors: Authaida Supakorn , Boonkum Wuttigrai , Chankitisakul Vibuntita
Published: February 2025

Cryopreservation of native Thai bull semen often results in significant post-thaw quality reduction, underscoring the need for effective cryoprotective strategies. This study investigated the effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MOLE) as an antioxidant supplementation by incorporating four MOLE concentrations (0–1.5% [w/v]) into a standard semen extender, followed by cryopreservation using liquid nitrogen vapor freezing. Data were analyzed using a randomized complete block design with Tukey’s post hoc test (p < 0.05). Post-thaw analysis of semen revealed that 1 mg/mL MOLE significantly enhanced total sperm motility, progressive sperm motility, sperm viability, and sperm plasma membrane integrity compared to the control and other MOLE concentrations (p < 0.05). This concentration also improved the amplitude of lateral head displacement and curvilinear velocity and reduced malondialdehyde levels in semen samples (p < 0.05), indicating reduced lipid peroxidation. Higher MOLE concentrations negatively impacted semen quality. In conclusion, supplementation with 1 mg/mL MOLE markedly improved post-thaw semen quality and reduced lipid peroxidation, suggesting its potential as an antioxidant for enhancing reproductive outcomes in native Thai bulls.