bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A LITERATURA COMO ELEMENTO PROPULSOR DE INTERPRETAÇÕES DIVERSAS
Authors: Miranda Gusmão Auzelene , Fernandes Barbosa Edleuza
Published: January 2021

Esta pesquisa apresenta como tema “A Literatura Como Elemento Propulsor de Interpretações Diversas” e tem como objetivo discutir sobre a importância da leitura literária para a formação intelectual e social do discente, porque exerce um papel primordial no processo de formação do educando. O leitor que lê o que está na obra e que percorre o caminho da releitura consegue perceber um desdobramento de percepções subjetivas, as quais irão desaguar em sua experiência de leituras anteriores, o que o leva a armazenar conhecimento para a possível “intertextualidade”, relação entre textos e contextos, e que pressupõe outras formas de conhecimento vinculadas à literatura. Para realizar este trabalho empregou-se como metodologia a pesquisa bibliográfica procurando demonstrar de forma clara e precisa as inquietações que permearam as dificuldades da leitura literária para os discentes, tendo em vista os métodos, objetivos, dados e deduções acerca da temática, que está longe de ser esgotada devida à pertinência do tema para o âmbito educacional. Conclui-se que a leitura literária ativa o imaginário, proporcionando o desenvolvimento da reflexão e de uma melhor compreensão de nosso interior e do mundo.
El Trastorno por Estrés Postraumático desde una mirada cognitivo conductual.
Authors: Pureco El Mosri Faridy , Rodríguez Orozco Alain R. , Santander Ramírez Consuelo Azucena
Published: January 2021

Introducción: La violencia en aumento que se vive en México y las numerosas pérdidas ocasionadas por la actual pandemia de COVID-19 han propiciado el aumento de pacientes con estrés postraumático.
Objetivo: Conocer las características del Trastorno por Estrés Postraumático desde una perspectiva cognitivo conductual y sintetizar información sobre las técnicas de intervención eficaces para la psicoterapia de estos pacientes.
Métodos: Se revisaron los estudios de intervención y teóricos realizados en España e Hispanoamérica en el periodo 2006-2020 en las bases de datos Medline, Lilacs y Scopus y en los buscadores Pubmed y Scholar google. Las palabras clave que se usaron en español e inglés fueron “trastorno por estrés postraumático, técnicas cognitivo conductuales en el trastorno por estrés postraumático, distorsiones cognitivas en el trastorno por estrés postraumático, intervención cognitivo conductual en trastorno por estrés postraumático”.
Resultados: Se hizo una revisión sintetizada del TEPT desde la perspectiva cognitivo conductual con énfasis en las técnicas cognitivo-conductuales que han resultado útiles en el tratamiento de estos pacientes.
Conclusión: El uso de técnicas cognitivas y conductuales en el tratamiento del Trastorno por Estrés Postraumático favorece la disminución de pensamientos disfuncionales asociados al trauma y conductas desadaptativas. Estas técnicas han demostrado ser eficaces en el tratamiento de pacientes con estrés postraumático.
Historiography of one city: colonialism, colonization, frontir. On the historiography of the history of functioning of the fortress city of the left wing of the Caucasian cordon line on the example of the history of Kizlyar in the first half of the 19th century
Authors: Gasanov Mahomed , Gazieva Abidat
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of the historiography of the history of the city of Kizlyar. This issue is considered in the historical context of the Eastern Caucasus. The author analyzes the three main theoretical concepts of the problem concerning Russia’s policy in the region, using the example of the city of Kizlyar in the context of historiography.
Three attempts of the creation of an anti-Ottoman’s alliance by the Sefevid state at the beginning of the 16th centure (based on French-language historiography)
Authors: Mamedova Nailya
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the relationship of the Azerbaijan state of the Safavids with the Western European states at the beginning of the 16th century on the basis of French historiography, with the aim of creating an anti-Ottoman union. The goal of the Western European states was to keep these two powerful states of the Middle Ages in a state of war and conflict - the Ottoman Empire and the Safavid state. In turn, the Safavids tried to get firearms from the West and enlist the support of the leading Western European states. Each of the parties simultaneously pursued its trade and economic interests and goals.
INDIKATOR PEMAHAMAN E-PORTFOLIO DALAM BLENDED LEARNING UNTUK MENGHADAPI ERA SOCIETY 5.0
Authors: Sakti Bayu Purbha
Published: January 2021

Indonesia belum sepenuhnya siap menanggapi seluruh perubahan era society 5.0. Pengguna era society 5.0 dan era industri 4.0 dapat mempermasalahkan dan menuntut konektivitas internet di segala hal. Guru yang bekerja di zaman sekarang harus bisa dan ahli dalam menggunakan komputer yang berbasis internet. Guru yang bekerja di zaman sekarang harus bisa dan ahli dalam mempublikasikan hasil penelitiannya di dunia maya terutama di jurnal online. Guru diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kuantitas dan kualitas pembelajaran. Pengguna era society 5.0 akan menyelesaikan berbagai masalah dengan berbagai teknologi yang ditawarkan. Manusia yang unggul di era society 5.0 harus memiliki 4 kompetensi yaitu kepemimpinan, ketrampilan berbahasa, literasi teknologi informasi, dan ketrampilan menulis. Blended learning merupakan kombinasi antara sistem pembelajaran secara tatap muka dan secara online. Modul materi kuliah blended learning dapat diunduh dan video penjelasan dosen juga bisa ditonton. Era society 5.0 merupakan konsep era yang difokuskan pada peran manusia sebagai sumber daya melaksanakan era industri 4.0. Era society 5.0 akan menyelesaikan berbagai masalah dengan berbagai teknologi yang ditawarkan. Manusia yang unggul di era society 5.0 harus memiliki 4 kompetensi yaitu Leadership, Language skills, IT Literacy, dan Writing skills. Program blended learning merupakan kombinasi antara sistem pembelajaran secara tatap muka dan secara online. Peserta didik dapat melakukan kegiatan belajar secara online dengan materi kuliah yang telah disediakan. Salah satu contoh dari penerapan blended learning yaitu eportfolio. Eportfolio diciptakan dengan potensi untuk mendukung siswa untuk membuat koneksi antara pembelajaran dengan tugas penilaian. Peserta didik menggunakan pemikiran merefleksikan pengetahuan masa lampau untuk mengembangkan area ujian di masa depan. Peserta didik melakukan bentuk penilaian diri, meninjau, dan menilai setiap bukti dari kegiatan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan aplikasi eportfolio. Penggunaan eportfolio membuat dosen dapat mengunggah catatan dan tugas ke mahasiswa secara online. Konten ePortfolio harus mendukung pengembangan, pembelajaran, penilaian, dan pemasaran yang berkaitan dengan mahasiswa.
MAKNA DAN FUNGSI EMOSI MAHASISWA KOTA BAUBAU DALAM RANAH DEMONSTRASI (The Meaning and Emotional Function of BauBau City Students in the Demonstration Plan)
Authors: Yusdianti Andi
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe lexical meaning and the meaning of the context are not always appropriate, so it is necessary to researchto avoid misinterpretation of the content of the speech in the realm of the demonstration. This study aims toexplain: the meaning of context and emotional function of Baubau City students in the field of demonstration.This research is a type of qualitative research. Sampling is done purposively. Oral data is collected using themethod of free-of-cognate, documentation techniques, and notes. Data were analyzed with Searle's speech actingtheory and Goleman's theory. The results showed that the meaning of context and emotional speech function ofBaubau City students in the realm of demonstration, namely the use of the context is dominant in contextualmeanings rather than lexical meaning so that many words, phrases, sentences, and phrases are semanticallypositive. However, it is pragmatically negative. The emotional speech function of mahasiswa consists of four,namely assertive, declarative, directive, and expressive.Keywords: meaning, student emotion, demonstration
Emotions Across Cultures
Authors: Kamiloglu Roza Gizem , Cong Yongqi , Sun Rui , Sauter Disa
Published: January 2021

What can evolutionary theories tell us about emotions, and how can research on emotions inform evolutionary theories? In this chapter, we discuss links between evolutionary theories of emotion and the cross-cultural study of emotion. We examine what predictions can be derived from evolutionary theories about cross-cultural consistency and variability. In particular, we emphasise the notion that evolved psychological mechanisms result in cultural differences instantiated as variations on common themes of human universals. We focus on two components of emotions: emotion experience and nonverbal expressions. Several case studies from emotion science are outlined to illustrate this framework empirically. In the domain of emotion experience, we highlight shame as an illustration of the idea of variations occurring across cultures around a common theme. In the domain of nonverbal expression of emotion, this idea is illustrated by the in-group advantage, that is, superior recognition of emotional expressions produced by members of one's own group. We consider both statistical learning and motivational explanations for this phenomenon in light of evolutionary perspectives. Lastly, we review three different theoretical accounts of how to conceptualise cross-culturally shared themes underlying emotions. We conclude that the cross-cultural study of consistency and variation in different emotion components offers a valuable opportunity for testing predictions derived from evolutionary psychology.
PERTUMBUHAN NEGARA PRIMER
Authors: Setiawan Agung Mulya
Published: January 2021

Ekonomi merupakan proses perubahan kondisi perekonomian suatu negara secara berkesinambungan menuju keadaan yang lebih baik selama periode tertentu. Suatu perekonomian dikatakan mengalami suatu perubahan akan perkembangannya apabila tingkat kegiatan ekonomi lebih tinggi daripada yang dicapai pada masa sebelumnya. Menurut Sukirno (1996: 33), pertumbuhan dan pembangunan ekonomi memiliki definisi yang berbeda, yaitu pertumbuhan ekonomi ialah proses kenaikan output perkapita yang terus menerus dalam jangka panjang. Pertumbuhan ekonomi tersebut merupakan salah satu indikator keberhasilan pembangunan. Dengan demikian makin tingginya pertumbuhan ekonomi biasanya makin tinggi pula kesejahteraan masyarakat, meskipun terdapat indikator yang lain yaitu distribusi pendapatan
Uniting to Advance Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in a Pandemic and Post-Pandemic World
Authors: Riches Amy , Pourret Olivier , Little Susan
Published: January 2021

This contribution examines the context for the newly-founded Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) Committee of the European Association of Geochemistry. The report summarises the work to advance DEI undertaken during 2020 under conditions of the COVID-19 global pandemic, acknowledges the various impacts for community members, and takes a forward view to opportunities of a post-pandemic world.
Possible long-term downsides of antibodies caused by the COVID-19 vaccine
Authors: Erol Adnan
Published: January 2021

Vaccine manufacturers give the good news that they have provided adequate antibody levels in phase studies. Considering COVID-19 in particular, the possibility that high antibody levels could also cause some problems remains unclear. In this correspondence, these possible problems have been addressed.
TBRG1 is a differentially expressed gene in brain metastatic human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: January 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that transforming growth factor beta regulator 1, encoded by TBRG1, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. TBRG1 mRNA was present at decreased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of TBRG1 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient overall survival. Modulation of TBRG1 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Analisis Cara Kerja Sistem Pakar Menggunakan Metode Forward Chaining Untuk Diagnosa Hama Dan Penyakit Tanaman Padi Berbasis Android
Authors: Antika Ayu
Published: January 2021

This research aims to develop an expert system application that can help farmers diagnose rice pests and diseases. With this expert system, farmers can get information about the types of pests and diseases in rice plants and determine the appropriate solution to overcome them without having to meet with experts. The farmers or ordinary people can solve the problem or just want to find some information about agriculture which basically can only be obtained from experts in their fields. The method used in building the expert system application is the Forward Chaining method, which is the tracking process that starts from the input information, then tries to draw a conclusion. From this study will produce an Android-based application in diagnosing pests and diseases in rice plants.
Finding the subitizing in groupitizing: Evidence for parallel subitizing of dots and groups in grouped arrays
Authors: Wege Theresa Elise , Trezise Kelly , Inglis Matthew
Published: January 2021

‘Groupitizing’ refers to the observation that visually grouped arrays can be accurately enumerated much faster than unstructured arrays. Previous research on groupitizing suggests that visual grouping allows participants to draw on arithmetic abilities and possibly use mental calculations to enumerate grouped arrays fast and accurately. Here we address how subitizing might be involved in finding the operands for mental calculations in grouped dot arrays. We investigated whether participants could use multiple subitizing processes to enumerate both the number of dots and the number of groups in a grouped array. We found that these multiple subitizing processes can take place within 150ms and that dots and groups seem to be subitized in parallel and with equal priority. Implications for research on mechanisms of groupitizing are discussed.
Culture affects the economic development of Vietnam
Authors: Linh Nguyen Thi
Published: January 2021

Culture has a special position and role in the development of a country, including economic development. There are many different definitions of culture, so when looking at the position and role of culture in economic development, there are often different approaches.
DPP4 is a differentially expressed gene in human metastatic breast cancer, in the brain and in the lymph nodes.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: January 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that the dipeptidyl peptidase 4, encoded by DPP4, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain and lymph node metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer. DPP4 mRNA was present at decreased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of DPP4 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient recurrence-free survival in patients with breast cancer. Modulation of DPP4 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain while evading immune clearance in the lymph nodes in humans with metastatic breast cancer. These data are one piece of evidence suggesting a common ancestor or tumor clone for brain and lymph node metastases that originate from the primary tumor, alluding to patterns in developmental origin and migratory pathways through the lymph node in human brain metastatic breast cancer.
Model Pembelajaran dalam Pendidikan Jasmani
Authors: Budi Didik Rilastiyo , Listiandi Arfin Deri
Published: January 2021

Model pembelajaran dalam pendidikan jasmani menjadi bagian penting untuk dapat mencapai keberhasilan tujuan pembelajaran disetiap jenjang pendidikan. model pembelajaran penjas terdiri dari berbagai macam model yang dapat diterapkan oleh guru, diantaranya yaitu model pembelajaran konvensional, model inkuiri, model kooperatif dan model pembelajaran taktis. Setiap model pembelajaran memiliki karakteritik dan tujuan capaian yang berbeda, sehingga perlu diterapkan oleh guru penjas di sekolah. Penerapan berabagai model pembelajaran pada pendidikan jasmani dapat membantu untuk menciptakan kondisi belajar yang kebih efektif, efisien dan menyenangkan. Pemilihan dan penerapan model pembelajan yang tepat juga dapat meningkatkan keberhasilan siswa dalam mencapai tujuan belajar, serta mengembangkan potensi yang dimiliki, baik dari segi kognitf, afektif dan psikomotor
Disease avoidance motives trade-off against social motives, especially mate-seeking, to predict social distancing: Evidence from the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Gul Pelin , Kupfer Tom , Elmas Pınar , Kose Ebru Ates , Koskun Tolga , Keesmekers Nils
Published: January 2021

Many studies have sought to understand why people’s compliance with social distancing varied during the Covid-19 pandemic. Recent theory suggests that pathogen avoidance behavior is not based only on perceived risk, but on a trade-off between the perceived costs of pathogen exposure and the perceived benefits of social contact. We hypothesized that compliance with social distancing may therefore be explained by a trade-off between pathogen avoidance and social motives, especially mate-seeking. Two studies conducted during the Covid-19 pandemic gave results consistent with this proposition: compliance with social distancing was positively associated with disease avoidance motives but negatively associated with social, especially mating, motives. These associations remained after controlling for predictors identified by previous research, including risk perception and personality. Findings indicate that people who are more interested in seeking new romantic partners (e.g., young men) may be less inclined to socially distance and be more at risk of pathogen transmission.
What it is like to be a bit: An Integrated Information Decomposition account of emergent mental phenomena
Authors: Luppi Andrea I. , Mediano Pedro , Rosas Fernando , Harrison David J. , Carhart-Harris Robin , Bor Daniel , Stamatakis Emmanuel A.
Published: January 2021

A central question in neuroscience concerns the relationship between consciousness and its physical substrate. Here, we argue that a richer characterisation of consciousness can be obtained by viewing it not as a monolithic construct, but rather as constituted of distinct information-theoretic elements. In other words, we propose a shift from quantification of consciousness - viewed as integrated information - to its decomposition. Through this approach, termed Integrated Information Decomposition (ΦID), we lay out a formal argument that whether the consciousness of a given system is an emergent phenomenon depends on its information-theoretic composition - thus providing a principled answer to the long-standing dispute on the relationship between consciousness and emergence. Furthermore, we show that two organisms may attain the same amount of integrated information, yet differ in its information-theoretic composition. Building on ΦID’s revised understanding of integrated information, termed ΦR, we also introduce the notion of ΦR-ing rate to quantify how efficiently an entity uses information for conscious processing. A combination of ΦR and ΦR-ing rate may provide an important way to compare the neural basis of different aspects of consciousness. Thus, decomposition of consciousness enables us to identify qualitatively different ‘modes of consciousness,’ which establish a common space for mapping the phenomenology of different conscious states. We outline both theoretical and empirical avenues to carry out such mapping between phenomenology and information-theoretic modes, starting from a central feature of everyday consciousness: selfhood. Overall, Integrated Information Decomposition yields rich new ways to explore the relationship between information, consciousness, and its emergence from neural dynamics.
Association of COVID19-induced Anosmia and Ageusia with Depression and Suicidal Ideation
Authors: Yom-Tov Elad , Lekkas Damien , Jacobson Nicholas C.
Published: January 2021

Background. Clinical reports from patients suffering from the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) reflect a high prevalence of sensory deprivation or loss pertaining to smell (dysosmia/anosmia) and/or taste (dysgeusia/ageusia). Given the importance of the senses to daily functioning and personal experience, the mental health consequences of these symptoms warrant further attention. Methods. A cohort of Reddit users posting within the /r/covid19positive subforum (N=15,821) was leveraged to analyze instantaneous risk of transition to a state of suicidal ideation or depression using Cox proportional-hazards models. Risk transition was defined by posts made in suicide- or depression-related forums, or mentions of relevant phrases with and without mention of anosmia/ageusia in /r/covid19positive. Self-diagnosis of COVID-19 was also modeled as a separate and simultaneous predictor of mental health risk. Results. Mention of anosmia/ageusia was significantly associated with transition to a risk state. Users with a history of anosmia/ageusia-related posts and who self-identified as COVID-19 positive had 30% higher instantaneous risk relative to others. The highest increase in instantaneous risk of suicidal ideation or depression occurred more than 100 days after first posting in /r/covid19positive. Limitations. Use of self-diagnosed disease as well as a broad array of anosmia/ageusia-related terminology may entail both information bias and overestimates of symptom incidence. Conclusions. The specific effects of COVID-19 on the senses may have long-term implications for patient mental health well-being beyond the primary recovery period. Future work is needed to investigate the longitudinal mental health burden of residual COVID-19 symptom presentation.
Cognitive reactivity amplifies the activation and development of negative self-schema: A revised mnemic neglect paradigm and computational modelling
Authors: Matsumoto Noboru , Katahira Kentaro , Kawaguchi Jun
Published: January 2021

Little is known about how self-schemas are formed, fluctuate, and are reinforced. In this study, we used a revised mnemic neglect paradigm to examine how self-schema fluctuates following episodic events (feedback) and its self-concordance. Undergraduate students (N = 42) exhibiting various depressive symptoms underwent psychological testing followed by bogus feedback regarding their personality, future, and behavioural traits, where they rated their state self-schemas and feedback self-concordance trial by trial. Linear mixed models showed that feedback self-concordance was determined by the interaction between self-schema and the emotional valence of the feedback, and the self-schema fluctuated with the interaction between prediction error (the difference between the emotional valence of the feedback and the current self-schema) and feedback self-concordance. Cognitive reactivity, the ease of responding to negative moods, was associated with higher parameters regressed onto self-schema and self-concordance regardless of feedback valence, indicating that it enhances the likelihood of self-schema fluctuation positively and negatively. The results of computational modelling employed for the simulation of self-schema development show that some individuals developed a negative self-schema even after experiencing many positive events, while others developed a positive self-schema after experiencing many negative events; these parameters were characteristic of individuals with high levels of cognitive reactivity. These results have significant implications for self-schema development and depression.
Hunter-gatherer children in the past: an archaeological review
Authors: Milks Annemieke Giselle , Lew-Levy Sheina , Lavi Noa , Friesem David , Reckin Rachel
Published: January 2021

Theoretical engagement and methodological innovations geared towards identifying the presence and activities of children in archaeological contexts has increased in pace over the last decade. This paper presents a systematic review of the literature pertaining to the archaeology of hunter-gatherer children. The review summarises methods and findings from 72 archaeological publications in a number of research areas that show material culture relating to childhood, including children’s playthings and tools, learning to flintknap, and their involvement in the making of marks, art and footprints. By drawing on diverse evidence from all inhabited continents, we explore the implications of these data for our understanding of the cultural variability and patterning of hunter-gatherer children in the deep past. The paper closes by discussing potential improvements to archaeological and anthropological methodologies which would progress our understanding of children as active and engaged members of their societies.
Pusatnya Malang Obat Aborsi Cytotec 085713148808 Jual Penggugur Kandungan Janin Asli Telat Bulan Di Malang
Authors: budana
Published: January 2021

Jual Obat Aborsi Cytotec Asli Malang 085713148808 Dan Obat Penggugur Kandungan Janin Dikota Malang Produk Obat Cytotec Asli Aman Sampai Tuntas, Mampu gugurkan Kehamilan Mulai Dari Usia 1,2,3,4,5,6 Hingga 7 Bulan Tanpa Harus Kuret Dan Pergi Ke Dokter. Obat Penggugur Kandungan | Jual Obat Aborsi | Obat Telat Bulan | Obat Cytotec Asli | Klinik Aborsi | Apotik Aborsi | Tempat Aborsi | Obat Penggugur Janin |
Um elogio à Arqueologia
Authors: Rathje William L. , Silva Nicole de Almeida Guimarães da , Araujo Reykel Diniz de , Abreu e Souza Rafael de
Published: January 2021

Etnoarqueólogos como William Rathje reconhecem seriamente a verdade por trás do velho ditado “você é o que você come”. Na verdade, Rathje parafrasearia essa fórmula para dizer “você é o que você não comeu e jogou fora”. Pesquisas arqueológicas pré-históricas e históricas com escavações em buracos de lixo, lixões, latrinas e outros sítios de descarte há muito tempo reconheceram o valor do lixo como evidência cultural material. Em um novo projeto de pesquisa, Rathje, junto de colegas e estudantes da Universidade do Arizona, aplicou teorias e métodos da arqueologia tradicional a um contexto moderno: isto é, ao refugo quantificável coletado de unidades domésticas selecionadas em Tucson, Arizona, durante um período de três anos (1973-1976).
Effectiveness of Video Assisted Teaching Program on Prevention of Oral Cancer among Tobacco Chewers in Selected Village of Rupandehi, Nepal
Authors: Pokharel Astha Sharma , Rana Ikshaya , Shrestha Pragya , Shrestha Neelam
Published: January 2021

INTRODUCTION

Cancer is defined as the uncontrollable growth of cells that invade and cause damage to surrounding tissue. Oral diseases and conditions share modifiable risk factors with the leading NCDs (Cardiovascular diseases, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes). This study was carried out to assess the knowledge regarding prevention of oral cancer and to find out the effectiveness of video assisted teaching program among tobacco chewers.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

A pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test design study was conducted to find the effectiveness of video assisted teaching for prevention of oral cancer among tobacco chewers in Dhakdahi village of Rohini rural municipality of Rupandehi District, Nepal. The total duration of the study was three months 5/5/2019 to 26/8/2019. The study samples tobacco chewers were selected by non-probability convenient sampling. Self-administered structured questionnaire was used for socio-demographic variables and video in local language for prevention of oral cancer was used as a intervention for the study group and collected data was used analysed by using descriptive and inferential statistics with SPSS software version 20.0

RESULTS

The findings of the study show that the mean score pre-test knowledge was 7.23 and standard deviation 1.801. After the intervention, the mean score of post-test knowledge was 9.96 and standard deviation 1.56. No significant association was found between socio -demographic variables and post-test knowledge level.

CONCLUSION

Based on the study findings the knowledge level on prevention of cancer is inadequate before intervention of video assisted teaching and after the video assisted teaching the knowledge on prevention was found to be improved. There was overall gain in the knowledge score teaching program following the video assisted teaching program.
Hypoglycemic Effect of Nigella sativa L. (Ranunculaceae) Extract in Streptozocin (STZ) Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Shrestha Laxmi , Shrivastava Amit , Joshi Bishal , Pokhrel Buddhi Raj , Gurung Shanti , Rayamajhi Nabin , Gautam Narayan
Published: January 2021

INTRODUCTION

Diabetes mellitus is the most common metabolic disease worldwide. Nigella sativa also known as black cumin, is an emerging miracle herb with a rich historical and religious background. In the present study, we have attempted to study the hypoglycemic effect of aqueous extract of Nigella sativa on diabetes-induced rats.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

This preclinical study was conducted in Department of Pharmacology from August to October 2019. In this study, hyperglycemia was induced by a single intraperitoneal dose of 60 mg/kg streptozotocin in 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 4.5). Animals were divided into five groups containing normal control, negative control, standard, test-1, and test-2. The aqueous extract of Nigella sativa was administered 400 and 800 mg/kg per oral in both the test groups for 18 days. Blood glucose level was measured at three-days interval by glucometer. Oral glucose tolerance test was done by administrating 2 gm/kg per oral glucose and the blood glucose was recorded every two-hours interval for eight hours.

RESULTS

An oral glucose tolerance test showed a decrease in blood glucose level at the dose of 400 and 800 mg/kg compared to the negative control group. The administration of aqueous extract of Nigella sativa for 18 days showed significant decrease in blood glucose level (p=0.001) compared to negative control group. The blood glucose level in test 1 (400 mg/kg) was significantly reduced compared to the standard group (p***<0.001). The blood glucose level in test 2 at 18th day was less significant (p*< 0.05) compared with standard group and test 1 (p**<0.01, p***<0.001).

CONCLUSION

The findings of the present study indicate that the aqueous extract of Nigella sativa has significant hypoglycemic effect in Wistar rats.
Formulation and In-Vitro Evaluation of Sustained Release Matrix Tablets of Domperidone
Authors: Thapa Chhitij , Chaudhary Roma
Published: January 2021

INTRODUCTION

Domperidone is a unique compound with gastro kinetic and antiemetic effects. It is used in the management of disorder by impaired motility like gastroesophageal reflux (in some instances), gastroparesis, dyspepsia, heartburn, epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, and colonic inertia. The sustained release system is a widely accepted approach for slow drug release over an extended period to address the challenges of conventional oral delivery, including dosing frequency, drug safety, and efficacy. The study aims to formulate a domperidone sustained release tablet and compare the dissolution rate with the marketed formulations.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Sustained release matrix tablets of domperidone were prepared by wet granulation method using different polymers such as HPMC K4M, ethyl cellulose, Gum acacia. Pre-compression studies like angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, Carr's index, and Hausner’s ratio, and post-compression studies like weight variation, thickness, hardness, friability, drug content, and in-vitro drug release were evaluated.

 

RESULTS

The release profile of domperidone sustained-release tablets was studied spectrophotometrically. The in-vitro dissolution study suggests the minimum %-cumulative drug release with 98.33% in F5. The %-cumulative drug release was maximum in F3 with 99.69%. The in-vitro drug release of all the formulations was non-significant compared to the marketed formulation (p<0.05), exhibiting the sustained-release property by all the formulations.

CONCLUSION

The pre-compression study concludes the better flow property of the granules of different formulations. The sustained release domperidone tablets were prepared successfully by the wet granulation method. The post-compression parameters of different formulations were within the acceptable range.
Anti-Depressant Activity of the Leaves of Zanthoxylum Armatum on Swiss Albino Mice
Authors: Yadav Chandrajeet Kumar , Poudel Kamal , Mehta Roshan , Shrivastava Amit Kumar
Published: January 2021

INTRODUCTION

Depression is a global mental disorder that has high incidence, high recurrence, and high self-mutilation and suicide rates. Although the antidepressant drugs are available for the treatment, depression still continues to be a major medical problem. The present study was designed to study the anti-depressant activity of the leaves extract of Zanthoxylum armatum using forced swim test and tail suspension test (TST) on Swiss albino mice.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The anti-depressant activity of the leaves of Zanthoxylum armatum was assessed using chronic unpredictable mild-stress (CUMS) induced depression in mice. The animals were treated with the methanolic extract of leaves of Zanthoxylum armatum orally at two doses of 100, 200 mg/kg body weight for eight days after (CUMS) induced depression in mice.

RESULTS

The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by tukey multiple comparison test. The leaves extract presented significant antidepressant activity in mice (p<0.05),

CONCLUSION

The results demonstrate that methanolic extract of leaves of Zanthoxylum armatum has got significant antidepressant activity.
Muslim Cultural Practices in Nepal
Authors: Yasmin Chompa Mousumi
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the cultural practice of Muslims in Nepal. Culture is a shared beliefs, arts, attitudes, values, and socially transmitted behavior patterns of a group or organization. Muslim culture generally includes all the practices which have developed around the religion of Islam, Muslims are rich in culture like other religions in Nepal and they developed a stronger identification with the Nepali state. This paper is based on both primary and secondary data sources followed descriptive method under qualitative approaches.
Review on Plant Diversity Status and Conservation Practices in Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Sudha Joshi
Published: January 2021

Plant diversity plays the crucial role in maintaining the ecosystem and sustaining the life in the globe. Nepal lying in central Himalaya and at the crossroad of two phytogeographicregionsisbestowed with rich biodiversity. Though the country occupies about 0.1% of global land area but comprises 3.2% of world’s known flora. Biodiversity is eroding because of many factors such as habitat loss, deforestation, infrastructure development, over exploitation for human use, invasion by alien species, global climate change and natural calamities, thus threatening the existence in globe. Nepal has adopted both in-situ and ex-situ conservation practices to conserve the biodiversity and maintain the ecosystem in nature. A network of 20 protected areas is established and national forests under different categories are under protection to conserve the biodiversity in their natural habitats. Scientific forest management was initiated to enhance the forest productivity and conserve biodiversity. Botanical gardens in different localities are established for the conservation of rare, endangered, threatened and endemic plant species. Moreover, Government of Nepal has enlisted some plant species in Government protection list and CITES appendices to prevent them from degradation. Thirty three plant species with medicinal values are prioritized for research and economic development of the nation. Nepal’s approach in conservation of plant diversity is commendable and is at the forefront in in-situ conservation practice. However, a considerable number of plants species that are rare, threatened, endemic are also found outside the protected are as and need to be conserved.
माक्र्सवादी समाजशास्त्र र मानवशास्त्र : सिद्धान्त, विधि र अभ्यास Marxvadi Samajshastra Ra Manavshastra: Siddhanta, Vidhi ra Abhyas
Authors: ज्ञवाली Gyawali गोकर्णप्रसाद Gokarnaprasad
Published: January 2021

माक्र्सवाद एक जिवन्त दर्शन, सिद्धान्त र अध्ययन पद्धती हो जस्को अध्ययन वेगर सामाजिक अध्ययन अपुर्ण र अधुरो हुने मानिन्छ । समाजशास्त्र र मानवशास्त्रले अध्ययन गर्ने विभिन्न सिद्धान्तहरु मध्ये माक्र्सवाद एक प्रमुख सिद्धान्त हो जस्का प्रणेता कार्ल माक्र्सलाइ समाजशास्त्रका चार जन्मदाता वा निर्माता मध्येका एक मानिन्छ । विसौ र एक्काइसौ शताब्दीको एक जवरजस्त सिद्धान्त जस्ले हालसम्म पनि विभिन्न ब्यक्तीत्व, विचारधारा र अध्ययन पद्धतीलाई उत्तिकै प्रभाव पारिरहेको छ । त्यस्को समाजशास्त्र र मानवशास्त्रमा प्रशस्त अध्ययन हुने भएकोले केहि मुख्य सिद्धान्त, विधि र अभ्यासलाइ यहा प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ ।
Systemowa recepcja Kanta w myśli współczesnego rosyjskiego filozofa Leonarda A. Kalinnikowa
Authors: Bilyi Pylyp
Published: January 2021

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie poglądów rosyjskiego filozofa Leonarda Aleksandrowicza Kalinnikowa na temat filozofii Kanta. W artykule tym pokazany zostanie jeden z najistotniejszych aspektów myśli kaliningradczyka, a mianowicie — postulowane przez niego — zasady interpretacji (princypy interpritacyi) systemu Kanta. Artykuł składa się z trzech części, w pierwszej przedstawiona zostaje krótka biografia rosyjskiego myśliciela, w drugiej są zaprezentowane dziesięć zasad, bez których w myśl Kalinnikowa nie może obejść się żaden porządny systemowy badacz Kanta, trzecia zawiera wnioski.
Gérard Chazal: Bachelardowskie wątki w twórczości François Dagogneta
Authors: Ples-Bęben Marta
Published: January 2021

Polski przekład artykułu Gérarda Chazala, poświęconego relacji filozofii Françoisa Dagogneta do dzieła Gastona Bachelarda. Autor pokazuje złożoność tej relacji, analizując ją w odniesieniu do filozofii nauki (tu między innymi analizuje kwestię historyczności procesu kształtowania się wiedzy), filozofii techniki i filozofii sztuki. Artykuł stanowi też interesujący głos w dyskusji na temat istoty recepcji nurtów i koncepcji filozoficznych.
Funkcjonowanie słuchu fonematycznego u dzieci z alkoholowym zespołem płodowym
Authors: Krakowiak Marta
Published: January 2021

Picie alkoholu przez kobietę w czasie ciąży może skutkować wystąpieniem u dziecka licznych zaburzeń rozwojowych, określanych mianem alkoholowego zespołu płodowego (fetal alcohol syndrome, FAS), które dotyczą sfery fizycznej, emocjonalnej, społecznej i poznawczej. Wśród tych deficytów istotne miejsce zajmują zaburzenia słuchu fonematycznego, negatywnie wpływające na opanowanie kompetencji językowej i komunikacyjnej. Zebrany materiał badawczy świadczy o zaburzeniach słuchu fonematycznego u prawie 50% sześciolatków z FAS (w grupie kontrolnej: 12%) i 21% dziesięciolatków z FAS (w grupie kontrolnej: 5%). Rodzaj trudności w obydwu grupach jest jednakowy, ponieważ wystąpił podobny układ zaburzonych kategorii fonologicznych (płynność – wibracja, stopień zbliżenia narządów mowy, dźwięczność – bezdźwięczność). U dzieci z FAS można również zauważyć osłabienie koncentracji uwagi i deficyty pamięci słuchowej, manifestujące się poprzez problemy w zapamiętywaniu i porównywaniu pseudowyrazow.
Leksykalne i syntaktyczne aspekty dyskursu narracyjnego u osób z otępieniem z ciałami Lewy’ego i z chorobą Alzheimera
Authors: Kluj-Kozłowska Klaudia , Domagała Aneta , Sitek Emilia J. , Milewski Stanisław , Brockhuis Bogna , Wieczorek Dariusz , Lass Piotr , Sławek Jarosław
Published: January 2021

Zmiany w zakresie mowy i komunikacji obserwuje się zarówno w otępieniu z ciałami Lewy’ego (DLB), jak i w chorobie Alzheimera (AD). Badanie miało na celu wyodrębnienie różnic międzygrupowych i ich aspektów leksykalnych i syntaktycznych w mowie wiązanej. W badaniu uczestniczyło 12 pacjentów z DLB oraz 13 osób z AD. Analizie poddano przetranskrybowane wypowiedzi będące opisem obrazka sytuacyjnego, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem pierwszej minuty narracji. W wypowiedziach pacjentów z DLB odnotowano mniejszą liczbę słów i zaimków określonych niż w wypowiedziach osób z AD. Chorzy z AD tworzyli natomiast dłuższe wypowiedzi i w ciągu minuty wypowiadali więcej słów. Wyniki zinterpretowano w odniesieniu do profilu poznawczego typowego dla DLB oraz AD. Zaburzenia dyskursu w AD są związane z deficytami leksykalno-semantycznymi, które zubożają zawartość informacyjną tworzonej wypowiedzi.
Focus and Effects of Peer and Machine Feedback on Chinese University EFL Learners’ Revisions of English Argumentative Essays
Authors: Liu Meihua
Published: January 2021

The present mixed-method study examined the foci and effects of peer and machine feedback on the revisions of Chinese university EFL learners’ English argumentative essays. The data included Draft 1, peer feedback (PF), PF-based Draft 2, machine feedback (MF), MF-based feedback, questionnaires, and interview recordings. The main findings were: (a) peer feedback was primarily concerned with content errors, while machine feedback mainly involved non-content errors, (b) significant differences occurred in errors of most types between Draft 1, PF and PF-based Draft 2, and between Draft 1, MF, and MF-based Draft 2, (c) the intake of ‘introducing a new topic in Conclusion’ was a powerful predictor of PF-based Draft 2 scores, and (d) the participants generally moderately considered peer and machine feedback to be useful. Based on the findings, some implications are discussed on how to better implement and enhance the quality of peer and machine feedback.
Pemilihan Karyawan Terbaik Menggunakan Metode Profile Matching Pada PT. Surindo Murni Agung
Authors: Idam Firdaus , Junaidi Agus , Handayani Popon
Published: January 2021

Dalam penentuan karyawan terbaik di PT.Surindo Murni Agung Jakarta. Terdapat beberapa factor kriteria dalam pengambilan keputusan sehingga mendapatkan keputusan yang tepat. Kriteria nya adalah sikap kerja, kepribadian, dan tanggung jawab. Pada saat ini proses penilaian kinerja karyawan di PT.Surindo Murni Agung belum ada sehingga tidak dapat menentukan keputusan karyawan terbaik pada PT.Surindo Murni Agung Jakarta. Untuk Itu sistem pendukung keputusan (SPK) sangat membantu dalam hal pengambilan keputusan yang dibuat, kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode profile matching. Dengan menggunakan metode profile matching maka PT.Surindo Murni Agung Jakarta bisa membuat keputusan dalam penilaian kinerja karyawan yang sesuai dengan kemampuan. Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui ranking/bobot nilai dalam penilaian karyawan terbaik di PT.Surindo Murni Agung Jakarta.
SEGMENTASI DAUN GALBUN MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA C4.5 DAN NAIVE BAYES
Authors: Sulaiman Hamdun -
Published: January 2021

Segmentasi adalah proses mempartisi citra digital menjadi beberapa bagian. Tujuan dari segmentasi adalah untuk menyederhanakan atau mengubah penyajian gambar ke sesuatu yang lebih bermakna dan lebih mudah untuk dianalisa. Gambar segmentasi biasanya digunakan untuk menemukan obyek dan batas-batas dalam sebuah citra. Penelitian ini menggunakan citra daun galbun, dimana ada dua kelas yaitu daun sehat dan daun sakit. Dalam prosesnya digunakan dengan cara men segmentasi citra tersebut  menggunakan Software MATLAB, dan nilai hasil dari segmentasi di olah ke dalam Data Mining menggunakan Rapid Miner dengan perbandingan algoritma C4.5 dan Naive Bayes. Dari hasil penelitian ini di dapat bahwa algoritma C4.5 menghasilkan akurasi sebesar 90%, sedangkan Naive Bayes mendapatkan akurasi 95%. Jadi algoritma yang cocok atau terbaik untuk menghitung akurasi dari hasil segmentasi tersebut yaitu algoritma Naive Bayes dengan nilai 95%.
Perancangan Sistem Pemesanan Undangan & Yasin	Pada Cv. Kurnia Berbasis Web
Authors: Zuraidah Eva
Published: January 2021

Percetakan merupakan salah satu jenis usaha yang menarik untuk dijalankan dan memiliki berbagai macam barang yang terdapat di dalamnya. Percetakan merupakan usaha yang banyak diminati oleh masyarakat yang ingin memiliki usaha, baik dalam skala besar maupun skala kecil. CV. Kurnia proses pemesanan masih dilakukan secara manual. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang system informasi pemesanan pada CV. Kurnia. Adapun metode-metode yang digunakan untuk meyelesaikan tugas akhir ini adalah metode pendekatan menggunakan system berorientasi objek sementara metode pengembangan system yang digunakan adalah Waterfall model. Sedangkan pemodelan sistemnya mengunakan metode Unifield Modeling Languange (UML) dengan mengunakan bahasa pemograman Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP) sedangkan Sofware/Tools yang digunakan adalah MySQL sebagai basis datanya. Oleh karna itu penulis web untuk percetakan yang sudah memiliki pelanggan, agar dapat memenuhi keinginan pelanggan yang menuntut adanya kemudahan dalam memesan barang yang diinginkan.dan dengan adanya web ini percetakan juga dapat bersaing dengan percetakan lainnya, karna dapat meningkatkan kualitasnya dalam memberikan kemudahan kepada pelanggannya. Didalam web percetakan ini terdapat informasi mengenai barang yang dapat dipesan, baik itu gambar, deskripsi barang, maupun harganya. Kata Kuncinya: Perancangan Sistem Informasi, Sistem Pemesanan, PHP, Waterfall
Identifikasi Pengenalan Wajah Manusia Studi Kasus Pemakaian Aksesoris Topi Dengan Metode Eigenface
Authors: Fauzi Ahmad , Maulana Andry , Pratama Eka Kusuma , Al Kautsar Hanggoro Aji
Published: January 2021

Informasi merupakan suatu hal yang dapat kita temukan kapan dan dimana saja, untuk hal apa sebuah informasi kita manfaatkan, tentunya setiap orang memiliki kepentingan yang berbeda dalam sebuah mencari atau mendapatkan sebuah informasi, dapat bermanfaat ataupun informasi tersebut tidak ada manfaatnya sedikitpun dan semuanya tergantung dengan kepentingan seorang terhadap sebuah informasi.Salah satu yang dapat dijadikan informasi adalah wajah manusia, wajah manusia memiliki pola bentuk yang tidak sama antara individu bisa dibilang sebuah wajah adalah identitas diri manusia yang dapat kita kenali, dengan melihat wajah tentunya kita dapat memanggil bahkan mengetahui identitas diri dari seorang tersebut.Karena wajah merupakan identitas diri yang sangat kuat bahkan sangat melekat maka dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber informasi untuk identitas diri seorang dengan pengujian terhadap wajah manusia dengan menggunakan media foto kita dapat mencari dan mengetahui identitas dari wajah yang terdapat pada foto tersebut.