bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psychoeducation and motivational interviewing to reduce relapses and increase patients’ involvement in antipsychotic treatment: interventional study
Authors: Bröms Gabriella , Cahling Lindah , Berntsson Anders , Öhrmalm Lars
Published: April 2020

Aims and method

To assess whether the combination of motivational interviewing and psychoeducation affects relapse rate and stimulates involvement of people with psychosis in their treatment. We conducted an interventional study including patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder treated with oral antipsychotics, without previous experience of long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIs). They were randomised to either psychoeducation with motivational interviewing or a control group. Hospital admissions 18 months before and after the intervention, and switches to LAIs 18 months after the intervention, were recorded.

Results

The two groups each comprised 101 participants. Fourteen from the intervention group and seven from the control group switched to LAIs. Five in the intervention group instigated the switch themselves, compared with zero controls (P = 0.06). Fourteen in the intervention group were readmitted to hospital during follow-up, compared with 23 in the control group (P = 0.14).

Clinical implications

Psychoeducation with motivational interviewing may increase patients' involvement in their treatment and reduce the relapse frequency.
Domesticating Social Taxonomies: Local and National Identifications as Seen Through Susan Drucker's Anthropological Fieldwork in Jamiltepec, Oaxaca, Mexico, 1957–1963
Authors: López Caballero Paula
Published: April 2020

This article proposes an archaeology of the anthropological research undertaken by Susan Drucker in Jamiltepec, Oaxaca, in the late 1950s. I contrast the book that stemmed from this research with her undergraduate thesis and, above all, her field diaries to document the existence of two distinct sets of social nomenclature in Mexico: a local one rooted in Jamiltepec and characterized by a plurality of elusive classifications, and a national one founded on a basic distinction between the categories indigenous and mestizo. I argue that the transition between the local and the national one can be characterized as a domestication of social taxonomies, a process that reduced the multiplicity of identification positions circulating locally to the indigenous/mestizo binary and that above all did away with the mobile, unstable quality of those local identification positions in order to frame them as ontological categories. I thus demonstrate that the ideology of mestizaje, rather than operating on societies that were homogenously indigenous, intervened, in multidirectional ways, into complex local hierarchies.
Ǧviḷ̕ás and Snəwayəɬ: Indigenous Laws, Economies, and Relationships with Place Speaking to State Extractions
Authors: Curran Deborah , Kung Eugene , Slett Ǧáǧvi Marilyn
Published: April 2020

A discussion about Indigenous economies, governance, and laws begins with relationships. These relationships are centered in a place, a traditional territory, and include responsibilities towards that place. Such a relational approach to Indigenous economies is in conflict with capitalist modes of extraction and the settler Canadian court’s narrow conception of the duties of “consultation and accommodation” as the state’s primary responsibility when an activity or project will infringe Aboriginal rights in a traditional territory. The purpose of this article is to explore the conflict between Indigenous economies and state-sponsored extraction drawing on the experience of two Indigenous nations in British Columbia, Canada—the Heiltsuk and Tsleil-Waututh Nations—who are upholding their relationship with their traditional territories through the assertion of jurisdiction. The Heiltsuk continue to challenge the federal Department of Fisheries and Oceans’ permitting commercial herring fisheries, and have dealt with a marine diesel spill using their own legal processes. The Tsleil-Waututh are opposing the construction of another fossil fuel pipeline in their territory that would increase tanker traﬃc in the habitat of endangered orcas by seven hundred percent by conducting their own assessment of the project based on Coast Salish law. These exercises of jurisdiction demonstrate relations with and responsibilities towards these Nations’ traditional territories that underscore ecosystem health and wellbeing as the foundation of Indigenous economies. While these examples effectively demonstrate the Nations’ responsibility towards their territories, the regimes of state-sponsored extractions require radical reformulation to be able to engage relational processes of consent.
Assimilation and Partition: How Settler Colonialism and Racial Capitalism Co-produce the Borders of Indigenous Economies
Authors: Pasternak Shiri
Published: April 2020

The history of colonialism in Canada has meant both the partition of Indigenous peoples from participating (physically, politically, legally) in the economy and a relentless demand to become assimilated as liberal capitalist citizens. Assimilation and segregation are both tendencies of colonization that protect the interests of white capital. But their respective prevalence seems to depend on the regime of racial capitalism at play. This paper examines the intersection of settler colonization and racial capitalism to shed light on the status of Indigenous economic rights in Canada. I ask, to what extent are Indigenous peoples understood to have economic rights—defined here as the governing authority to manage their lands and resources—and, how we can we analyze these rights to better understand the conjoined meanings of colonialism and capitalism as systems of power today? In this paper, I look at two sites to address this problem: first, I examine how the Supreme Court of Canada has defined the “Aboriginal right” to commercial economies since the patriation of Aboriginal rights into the Constitution in 1982; and, second, I examine how these rights are configured through state resource revenue-sharing schemes with First Nations, in particular from extractive projects, over the past few years. Each case study provides critical material for analyzing the economic opportunities available to First Nations through democratic channels of state “recognition,” as well as when and why tensions between state policies of segregation and assimilation emerge.
Zebrafish disease model of human RNASET2 deficient cystic leukoencephalopathy displays abnormalities in early microglia
Authors: Weber Thomas , Schlotawa Lars , Dosch Roland , Hamilton Noémie , Kaiser Jens , Schiller Stina , Wenske Britta , Gärtner Jutta , Henneke Marco
Published: April 2020

Human infantile-onset RNASET2 deficient cystic leukoencephalopathy is a Mendelian mimic of in utero cytomegalovirus brain infection with prenatally developing inflammatory brain lesions. We used a RNASET2 deficient zebrafish model to elucidate the underlying disease mechanisms. Mutant and wildtype zebrafish larvae brain development between 2 and 5 days post fertilisation was examined by confocal live imaging in fluorescent reporter lines of major types of brain cells. In contrast to wild type brains, RNASET2 deficient larvae displayed increased numbers of microglia with altered morphology often containing inclusions of neurons. Furthermore, lysosomes within distinct populations of the myeloid cell lineage including microglia showed increased lysosomal staining. Neurons and oligodendrocyte precursor cells remained unaffected. This study provides first insight into the prenatal onset pathomechanisms of human RNASET2 deficient leukoencephalopathy, linking this inborn lysosomal disease to the innate immune system and other immune-related childhood encephalopathies like Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome (AGS).
A long lost key opens an ancient lock: Drosophila Myb causes a synthetic multivulval phenotype in nematodes
Authors: Vorster Paul J. , Goetsch Paul , Wijeratne Tilini U. , Guiley Keelan Z. , Andrejka Laura , Tripathi Sarvind , Larson Braden J. , Rubin Seth M. , Strome Susan , Lipsick Joseph S.
Published: April 2020

The five-protein MuvB core complex is highly conserved in animals. This nuclear complex interacts with RB family tumor suppressor proteins and E2F-DP transcription factors to form DREAM complexes that repress genes that regulate cell cycle progression and cell fate. The MuvB core complex also interacts with proteins Myb family oncoproteins to form the Myb-MuvB complexes that activate many of the same genes. We show that animal-type Myb genes are present in Bilateria, Cnidaria, and Placozoa, the latter including the simplest known animal species. However, bilaterian nematode worms lost their animal-type Myb genes hundreds of millions of years ago. Nevertheless, amino acids in the LIN9 and LIN52 proteins that directly interact with the MuvB-binding domains of human B-Myb and Drosophila Myb are conserved in C. elegans. Here we show that, despite greater than 500 million years since their last common ancestor, the Drosophila melanogaster Myb protein can bind to the nematode LIN9-LIN52 proteins in vitro and can cause a synthetic multivulval (synMuv) phenotype in vivo. This phenotype is similar to that caused by loss-of-function mutations in C. elegans synMuvB class genes including those that encode homologs of the MuvB core, RB, E2F, and DP. Furthermore, amino acid substitutions in the MuvB-binding domain of Drosophila Myb that disrupt its functions in vitro and in vivo also disrupt these activities in C. elegans. We speculate that nematodes and other animals may contain another protein that can bind to LIN9 and LIN52 in order to activate transcription of genes repressed by DREAM complexes.
PUNITIVISMO & PARTICULARISMO NO OCASO PÓSMODERNO
Authors: Cunha Paulo Ferreira da
Published: April 2020

O presente artigo chama a atenção para a necessidade de o Direito manter a sua vocação universalista, por meio de comandos que classicamente eram tidos por gerais e abstratos. Esse universalismo sublinha que, sem prejuízo da Equidade, a Lei é igual para todos. Contra essa visão geral, que se poderia considerar de inspiração clássica, cristã, humanista, iluminista, veteroliberal (o contrário de neoliberal), democrática e social (ou seja, com a mesma origem do Estado Constitucional), têm surgido formas de autarcia legal, particularismos, certos comunitarismos, defesa de grupos especiais, por um lado, e, por outro, tentativas de imposição, mesmo pela força da criminalização, de certas (e normalmente até minoritárias) visões do mundo, da vida, dos costumes. Se outrora se ganhou ao abolir a carga moralista do Direito, assim como foi de saudar o processo da sua laicização, de novo faz sentido uma análise crítica das propostas de mudança de vida por via da Lei, que podem ser totalitárias.
PATRIMÔNIO NATURAL DE JOINVILLE: ANÁLISE DAS UNIDADES DE CONSERVAÇÃO EM FACE DA LEGISLAÇÃO DE REGÊNCIA À TEMÁTICA, SOB A PERSPECTIVA DA EFETIVIDADE
Authors: Back Vivian , Carelli Mariluci Neis , Areas Patricia De Oliveira
Published: April 2020

O objetivo deste estudo é analisar as informações jurídicas ambientais sobre as Unidades de Conservação de Joinville/SC e a eficácia das legislações pertinentes. Para a gestão, considerando a legislação pertinente, deve-se observar o Sistema Nacional de Unidades de Conservação - SNUC (Lei Federal nº 9.985, de 18 de julho de 2000) e as legislações específicas municipais e estaduais. Em Joinville, existem nove Unidades de Conservação, uma delas é particular, uma é estadual e sete são municipais. A metodologia deste estudo abrangeu estudo bibliográfico e documental, visitas às Unidades de Conservação de Joinville e estudo da legislação pertinente. Os resultados obtidos identificam que as normas específicas de seis unidades não apresentam eficácia, principalmente, no quesito Plano de Manejo, uma vez que, de nove Unidades de Joinville, apenas três o possuem. Assim, as normas federais e específicas preestabelecidas não estão em plena aplicabilidade, o que pode resultar em vulnerabilidade na proteção do patrimônio natural dessas unidades.
Medical Journal Publishing: Continued struggle is essential to Achieve and maintain standards
Authors: Jawaid Shaukat Ali
Published: April 2020

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.4.2685

How to cite this:Jawaid SA. Medical Journal Publishing: Continued struggle is essential to Achieve and maintain standards. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(4):848-852. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.4.2685

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Feline Epilepsy: An update
Authors: BAKA RD , POLIZOPOULOU ZS
Published: April 2020

Epileptic seizures are the most common neurological disorder in the clinical setting. Their etiology is multifactorial and is mainly divided into structural, reactive and idiopathic epilepsy. Structural epilepsy can be caused by vascular events, inflammatory conditions (encephalitis), traumatic injuries, neoplasia, congenital and inherited (degenerative) disorders. Reactive epilepsy is caused by exposure in toxins or metabolic derangements. Although idiopathic epilepsy was thought to be rare in cats, it is now established as a common cause. Epileptic seizures in cats appear with various clinical presentations including generalized, focal with or without secondary generalization epileptic seizures. Diagnostic investigation is crucial in order to establish final diagnosis and to determine the therapeutic plan. Diagnostics include physical and neurological examination with detailed history (drug or toxin exposure), routine hematology (CBC, biochemistry, urinalysis), specific laboratory tests if concurrent or metabolic disease are suspected, advanced diagnostic imaging (CT/MRI) whether intracranial disease is suspected and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis. Most commonly used antiepileptic drugs (AED) in cats are phenobarbital and levetiracetam. Bromide is contraindicated in cats due to severe respiratory disease caused as an adverse life-threatening reaction. Diazepam is an emergency AED used to eliminate cluster seizures or status epilepticus but it should be avoided as a long-term medication because it has been associated with fatal hepatotoxicity. Gabapentin in another potential antiepileptic drug however its longterm efficacy has to be evaluated. Prognosis depends on the underlying etiology and treatment response. In most cats quality of life is improved and (>50% reduction of epileptic seizures) regardless of etiology. The complete remission of epileptic seizures in cats is rare and most cats should be maintained on anti-epileptic therapy.
Effect of a nanocomposite containing ostrich eggshell on calvarium healing in the rabbit: a pathologic study
Authors: ALEMI H , ASGHARI A. , ABEDI G. , AKBARZADEH A. , MORTAZAVI P.
Published: April 2020

The aim of the current study was to determine effect of a nanocomposite containing ostrich eggshell (NCOE) on the calvarium healing in the rabbit. Fresh ostrich eggshell was ground (300-500 μm), treated in phosphate-containing solutions and sterilized by gamma irradiation. Fifteen New Zealand white adult male rabbits were used. Four full-thickness skull defects were created in the calvarium. The first defect kept unfilled (control). The second defect was filled with autograft bone. The third defect was filled using NCOE. The fourth defect was filled with mixture of the autograft+NCOE bone. At 30, 60 and 90 days after surgery animals were euthanized and tissue specimens were collected and stained with hematoxylin eosin and trichrome staining method. Microsections were examined toassess the extent and intensity of inflammation, calvarium formation status and foreign body reaction. According to the results, filling defect significantly increased in NCOE-treated rabbits compared to the control group at 30 and 60 days post-surgery (P<0.05). There a statistically significant difference between experimental groups compared to the control group at 30 and 60 days post-surgery (P<0.05) while no statistically significant differences were observed among autograft, NCOE, autograft+NCOE (P>0.05). Also, absorb material significantly decreased in NCOE and autograft+NCOE groups compared to the control group at 60 days post-surgery (P<0.05). The filling defect significantly increased in autograft, NCOE and NCOE+autograft groups compared to the control group at 90 days post-surgery (P<0.05). There was no significant difference on inflammation and absorb material among the groups at 90 days post-surgery (P>0.05). These results suggested NCOE+autograft has improved the rate of calvarium healing in rabbits.
The Phenotype Variability, of the Racka Sheep in the Republic of Serbia
Authors: PIHLER I. , ĆIRIĆ J. , KUČEVIĆ D. , DRAGIN S. , AL-HASANT M. , ŠARAN M. , ZARUBICA B. , TSAKMAKIDIS I.A.
Published: April 2020

The intensification of sheep production, by permanent genetic selection and the development of breeding technology, has led to the creation of highly productive sheep breeds. In this way, many highly productive breeds were created which could demonstrate their high production potentials only under perfect conditions of nutrition, accommodation and care. Preservation of indigenous breeds is of great importance in order to protect and safeguard those breeds and, in this way, it is possible to restore some of the characteristics that are lost during intensive selection, which are mostly related to resistance. The Racka sheep (Serbian: Vitoroga žuja) is considered to be an autochthonous breed and a genetic resource in the Republic of Serbia. As a primitive breed with low productivity, it offers no economic profitability and, thus, there is no great interest in its breeding. According to the FAO data from 2008-2014, the number of these sheep ranges from 500 to 1000. The objective of this study was to determine the phenotypic variability and to assess the external measurements of the Racka sheep. One-hundred fifty Racka breed ewes were included in this study. The effects of three farms on the phenotypic characteristics and their body indexes were calculated. The significance of the research is reflected in the advancement of this breed and in the assessment of the possibilities of selection work in these herds.
Analyzing risk factors for lumpy skin disease by a geographic information system (GIS) in Turkey
Authors: INCE O.B. , TÜRK T.
Published: April 2020

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is caused by the virus of the same name and has major economic impacts on cattle breeding. In Turkey, frequent cases of cattle LSD have been reported over the last years. The present study aimed to analyze potential risk factors for LSD and provide information for controlling the spread of infectious diseases by a geographic information system (GIS). The research included cross-sectional and retrospective studies with active disease follow-up and semi-structured interviews (SSI) from August 2013 to December 2014 in Turkey. Potential risk factors for LSD were evaluated based on environmental conditions and provincial demographic and epidemiological data. Of the total of 562 observed animals, 27.22% and 2.67% of cattle were sick and died due to LSD, respectively. The morbidity rate was 26.04% in mixed and 38.18% in local breeds. The animal-level prevalence significantly differed among animals of different age, sex, and with different vaccination status (P<0.05). It was more serious in younger animals and females and during drier weather conditions. A trend of seasonality was observed in LSD occurrence. Significant risk factors affecting the prevalence of LSD were proximity to the southern border of Turkey, animal movements, and animal markets. In this process, geographical query, analysis, and thematic map production were performed by GIS.
Investigation of serum homocysteine levels in relation to age and sex
Authors: AKSOY N.H.
Published: April 2020

Homocysteine is a non-proteinogenic and a derived amino acid in the methionine metabolism and is a risk factor for cardiovascular and many other metabolic diseases. In this study, the purpose was to determine serum homocysteine levels in healthy sheep based on differences in age and gender. 220 healthy Akkaraman sheep, composed of both females (n=55 lambs and 55 ewes) and males (n=55 lambs and 55 rams), were used as animal samples. The measurements of serum homocysteine concentrations were performed with ELISA-HCY kit. The levels of serum homocysteine of sheep were detected in ewes, female lambs, rams and male lambs as 2,91±0,50; 2,99±0,42; 11,22±3,10; 6,43±1,26 μmol/L, respectively. The primary intent of this study was to investigation and characterization the serum Hcy concentrations in healthy sheep broken down by different ages in both genders As a result, the serum homocysteine values that can constitute a reference value for healthy breeds of sheep were determined in this study.
Dietary medicinal plants enhance the chemical composition and quality of broiler chicken meat
Authors: TASHLA T. , PUVAČA N. , LJUBOJEVIĆ PELIĆ D. , PRODANOVIĆ R. , BOŠKOVIĆ J. , IVANIŠEVIĆ D. , JAHIĆ M. , MAHMOUD O. , GIANNENAS I. , LEVIĆ J.
Published: April 2020

The use of nutritional strategies to improve the quality of meat is a relatively new approach that has emerged at the interface of animal science and food science. The effects of dietary medicinal plants (Allium sativum L., Piper nigrum L., and Capsicum annuum L.) addition to chicken nutrition on quality characteristics of breast and thigh with drumstick meat, as well as caloric value of chicken meat were investigated. Quality measurements included meat sensory (colour, smell, taste, softness, chewiness, juiciness and overall impression), physical (pH, colour-CIE L*a*b* and drip-loss) and chemical (moisture, protein, fat and ash content) characteristics. Herbs showed significant (P < 0.05) influence in altering most examined quality parameters of chicken meat, especially when adding red hot pepper. Caloric value of chicken meat was improved which makes garlic, black pepper and hot red pepper valuable natural feed additives in improvement of meat quality as well as a natural growth promoter. In conclusion, herbs had positive influence on chicken meat quality, however the knowledge of their mode of action is still limited and thus requires further investigation.
Effect of seasonal infertility period on boar sperm proteins and quality characteristics
Authors: MICHOS I.A. , TSAKMAKIDIS I.A. , TSANTARLIOTOU M. , TSOUSIS G. , HADWEH P. , BOSCOS C.M.
Published: April 2020

Swine seasonal infertility reduces the productivity and profitability of a pig farm. The main causes of this condition are elevated environmental temperatures and long photoperiod during the summer season. The aim of this study was to investigate which sperm proteins and parameters are affected during the period of seasonal infertility. Depending on the environmental temperatures, the period from October to June was considered as cold and the period from July to September as warm season. A total of 65 ejaculates from 18 boars were collected over a year. Each semen sample was evaluated for kinetics (Computer Assisted Semen Analyzer), morphology (Sperm Blue stain), viability (Propidium Iodide - Calcein AM stain), mitochondrial membrane potential (Rhodamine 123 – Propidium Iodide stain), membrane integrity and functionality (Hypo-osmotic swelling test) and sperm DNA integrity (Acridine Orange Test). Moreover, selected proteins (HSP90, GPX5, OPN) were detected and quantified. The kinetic parameters VSL, LIN and the midpiece abnormalities were significantly higher in the warm compared to the cold season (p<0.05), while a strong tendency towards higher values for HSP90 and GPX5 was observed in warm compared to cold season (p=0.07and p=0.06, respectively). In conclusion, among the boar sperm characteristics tested in our study, seasonal infertility period negatively affected VSL and LIN kinetics, while GPX5 seminal plasma enzyme and HSP90 sperm surface protein increased their sperm protective effects.
Unilateral Spinal Anaesthesia in Calves
Authors: YAYLA S. , KILIC E. , AYDIN U. , OZAYDIN I. , BARAN V. , KAMILOGLU A.
Published: April 2020

In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of unilateral anaesthesia by the administration of hyperbaric bupivacaine through the lumbosacral space into the subarachnoid space in calves. A total of 10 calves with unilateral femoral fractures were included in the study. After each calf was placed in a lateral position on the side intended for surgery, 15 mg of hyperbaric bupivacaine was slowly injected into the subarachnoid space. The onset, duration and depth of anaesthesia were determined by the pinprick test (scale 1–4). In addition, heart rate, diastolic arterial blood pressure, systolic arterial blood pressure, mean arterial blood pressure, respiratory rate and body temperature of the calves were monitored and recorded from the onset to 120 min after anaesthesia. The onset of unilateral spinal anaesthesia was within 20 s and the mean duration of anaesthesia was 155.40 min. Although there were statistical differences between hemodynamic values in the study, they were within the reference values. As a result, we believe that unilateral spinal anaesthesia in calves provides adequate anaesthesia for use in orthopaedic procedures; thus, it can be used in practice.
Immunological and pathological adverse effects of avian influenza virus subtype H9N2 infection in aflatoxicated-broiler chickens
Authors: ELLAKANY H.F. , ABD-ELHAMID H.S. , TANTAWY L.A. , ELSAMADONY H.A. , ELBESTAWY A.R. , GADO A.R. , EL-SAYED Y.S. , ISMAEL H.S.
Published: April 2020

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a metabolic product of the Aspergillus spp. of molds, which grow on several feedstuffs stored in hot moist conditions. It is one of the immunosuppressive agents that might influence the pathogenesisof avian influenza virus (AIV) subtype H9N2 in broilers, which can exacerbate the disease outcomes. The immunological, biochemical and pathological adverse health effects of an interaction between low levels of dietary aflatoxins (AFs) and H9N2 infection in broiler chickens were investigated. One hundred and eighty of unvaccinated 1-day-old COBB chicks were, therefore, raised for 35 days in the following treatment groups: control, AFs, AFs+H9N2, and H9N2. AFs in the basal diet was added at 200 ppb starting from the first day of age, while H9N2 virus was intra-nasally installed at a dose of 100 μl of 106 EID50/bird of allantois fluid at 23rd day. Humoral and cell-mediated immune responses were evaluated. Evidence of H9N2-AIV viral shedding was also detected. It has been observed that concurrent exposure of AFs and H9N2 virus negatively affected chicken performance traits i.e. lowered feed intake and body weights with exaggerated respiratory and digestive disturbances, and 20% mortality rate. Ten days’ post H9N2 infection, significant (p≤ 0.05) increment in serum transaminases (AST and ALT) and falling in cell-mediated immunity i.e. total leukocyte count, lymphocyte transformation activity and macrophage phagocytic activity were detected. Additionally, AFs+H9N2 significantly (p≤ 0.05) lowered H9N2-HI titers (5.5 Log2) than H9N2 alone (6.3 Log2). Pathologically, aflatoxicated chickens showed hydropic degeneration, hepatocytic vacuolation and necrosis of liver tissues with nephrosis and urates deposition in ureters, as well as bursal and thymic lesions, which were potent in H9N2–inoculated chickens. AFs exposure increased the incidence and titer of H9N2 viral shedding. It could be concluded that dietary contamination with AFs even at very low levels has explanatory effect in H9N2–inoculated broilers, and vice versa.
Distribution of serotypes of Listeria monocytogenes in chicken meats in Turkey
Authors: SAHIN S. , KALIN R. , MOGULKOC MN
Published: April 2020

Listeria monocytogenes is one of the important causes of food-borne infections. This study was conducted to determine the presence of L. monocytogenes and its serotype distribution in a total of 400 packaged chicken meat products (drumstick, breast, wing, and whole chicken) from different national companies. L. monocytogenes contamination was detected in 26.5% (106 in 400) of all samples when the products considered, drumsticks, breasts, wings, and whole chickens showed 47%, 15%, 35, and 9% positivity respectively. Four important serotypes of L. monocytogenes in human listeriosis (1/2a, 1/2b, 1/2c and 4b) were identified, and serotype 1/2a (94.3%) was determined as predominant in packaged chicken meats. The present study revealed that L. monocytogenes 1/2a serotype is prevalent in chicken meats and this may cause public health problems in Turkey. Further studies in poultry meats should be conducted on a large scale such as regional or national big markets to determine the presence of the pathogen and its dominant serotypes.
Justicia restaurativa y Sistema Interamericano de Derechos Humanos
Authors: Méndez Romero Shirley Vanessa , Hernández Jiménez Norberto
Published: April 2020

El presente documento realiza un recorrido en torno a la noción de justicia restaurativa y las herramientas que pueden ser aplicadas a través de las soluciones amistosas, en el marco del sistema interamericano de derecho humanos. De manera primigenia se hace un recuento de los modelos punitivos existentes con el objetivo de brindar un panorama general en materia de castigo y su efectividad. Igualmente muestra el tratamiento que tiene la víctima de un delito a nivel local - que en oportunidades alcanza un acuerdo con el victimario -, situación que puede acontecer de la misma forma cuando el menoscabo de sus derechos fundamentales fue ocasionado por parte de un Estado. En este contexto, se mostrará como la práctica de la justicia restaurativa permite la devolución del conflicto a las partes y con ello, la satisfacción de sus derechos de una manera expedita, más efectiva y menos técnica que la que demanda el ambiente jurídico local e interamericano.
Aproximación multidimensional al régimen de responsabilidad internacional y al principio de no intervención. El problema hermenéutico
Authors: Téllez Núñez Andres
Published: April 2020

En el contexto de la relación entre los Draft Articles on Responsibility of States for International Wrongful Acts(DAR) y los criterios de la denominada Responsibility to protect (R2P),este artículo de investigación describe un problema hermenéutico que consiste en la dificultad de determinar el significado no solo de esos textos, sino también de las conductas de los Estados. Para solucionar dicho problema hermenéutico, el artículo utiliza un método multidimensional que evidencia la tensión aparente entre el principio de no intervención y los elementos de la responsabilidad internacional, y que recurre a herramientas de law and economics, algunos elementos de intersección entre la teoría del derecho internacional público y las relaciones internacionales y otros de psicología del poder. El artículo propone como hipótesis de trabajo que, en últimas, la adscripción de significado, que el autor denomina filling, obedecerá a dinámicas políticas y concluye afirmando la coincidencia entre el mundo del derecho y el mundo de la política.
Los mecanismos extrajudiciales de resolución de conflictos en línea: su problemática en el derecho internacional privado
Authors: Nava González Wendolyne
Published: April 2020

Resumen: El futuro del comercio electrónico depende en gran parte del desarrollo de mecanismos extrajudiciales para la solución de conflictos adaptados a la dinámica de internet (ODR), que sean capaces de brindar seguridad y confianza a consumidores y comerciantes por igual. Lo cierto es que a la fecha no existe una normativa internacional consensuada para la solución de controversias transfronterizas relativas al comercio electrónico entre empresas y consumidores. Lo anterior, trae como resultado una serie de dificultades a nivel global que definitivamente impactan al Derecho Internacional Privado. La finalidad de este artículo es  precisamente poner de manifiesto la problemática que enfrentan en la actualidad los ODR, al momento de resolver conflictos derivados del comercio digital y plantear, con una visión diferente –más atrevida y postmodernista-, algunas ideas de como deberían ser abordadas dichas dificultades.
El Relato de los contextos históricos, sociales y políticos en las sentencias de la Corte Interamericana
Authors: Paúl Alvaro
Published: April 2020

Las sentencias de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos describen en detalle los hechos de los casos que se le presentan.  Al hacerlo, suelen referirse no sólo a los actos que afectaron a la víctima, sino que también al contexto de tales hechos.  Esta descripción del “contexto” es muy relevante, pues tiene efectos declarativos serios, y puede utilizarse como base de una presunción en contra del Estado. Por eso, este trabajo analiza el uso del contexto, y las dificultades que conlleva, y advierte que la Corte debe ser cuidadosa en su utilización.
Opinión consultiva de la Corte Internacional de Justicia sobre las consecuencias jurídicas de la separación del archipiélago de Chagos de Mauricio en 1965
Authors: Asamblea General Naciones Unidas
Published: April 2020

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Procesos de adhesión y rechazo al discurso mediático con respecto a la ley de servicios de comunicación audiovisual argentina
Authors: Galeano Alfonso Silvana
Published: April 2020

A partir del concepto de dominación simbólica de Pierre Bourdieu y su teoría de las prácticas, en relación con la forma de vincular lo social y lo subjetivo de Castoriadis, este artículo aborda las condiciones subjetivas involucradas en los procesos de adhesión y rechazo al discurso mediático con respecto a la Ley de Servicios de Comunicación Audiovisual 26 522, sancionada en 2009 en Argentina. Analizamos cualitativamente un corpus de artículos de los diarios online Clarín y La Nación vinculados con los comentarios que sus audiencias dejaban en ellos. Observamos que reactivando sentidos legitimados y disposiciones adquiridas, los medios ofrecieron polos identificatorios, expectativas y objetos de rechazo en los cuales las audiencias pudieron reconocerse-desconocerse y confirmar su subjetividad. Al disputar las nociones de democracia, periodismo y libertad de expresión, estos medios lograron la adhesión a su discurso y en consecuencia a sus intereses particulares.
What's going on
Authors: Allingham Sue
Published: April 2020

Is a pupil, tired, hungry or wearing a dirty shirt? Noticing exactly what is going on with individual children is a key requirement of good teaching and in these challenging times it is more important than ever.
Bridging the gap
Authors: Rook Olivia
Published: April 2020

With the Early Years SENCO Award beginning to enhance the quality of inclusive provision in the PVI sector, it is absolutely vital that government funding continues to support it.
A lot we still don't know
Authors: Asmussen Kirsten
Published: April 2020

Latest research from the Early Intervention Foundation highlights that adverse childhood experiences do not occur in isolation. A wider public health approach is urgently needed in which early years practitioners can play a dynamic role.
Heterogeneous silicon nitride photonics: erratum
Authors: Park Hyundai , Zhang Chong , Tran Minh A. , Komljenovic Tin
Published: April 2020

This erratum corrects a typographical error which appeared in
Optica
7, 336 (2020).OPTIC82334-253610.1364/OPTICA.391809
Seeing the four sacred mountains: Mapping, landscape and Navajo sovereignty
Authors: Siddons Louise
Published: April 2020

In 1968, photographer Laura Gilpin published The Enduring Navaho, which intentionally juxtaposes colonialist cartography with an immersive understanding of landscape. This article situates Gilpin’s project within the broader historical trajectory of traditional Navajo spatial imaginaries, including the work of contemporary Navajo artist Will Wilson. Euramerican settler-colonist maps of the Navajo Nation at mid-century were tools for Native displacement, revealing the transnational dilemma of the Navajo people. Their twentieth-century history was one of continual negotiation; on a pragmatic level, it often entailed the cultivation and education of Euramerican allies such as Gilpin. For her, landscape photography offered an alternative indexical authority to colonial maps, and thus had the potential to redefine Navajo space in the Euramerican imagination – in terms that were closely aligned with Navajo ideology. Without escaping the contradictions inherent in her postcolonial situation, Gilpin sought a political space for Navajo epistemology, and thus for Navajo sovereignty.
Saving the Security State: Exceptional Citizens in Twenty-First-Century America, Inderpal Grewal (2017)
Authors: Gratale Joseph Michael
Published: April 2020

Review of: Saving the Security State: Exceptional Citizens in Twenty-First-Century America, Inderpal Grewal (2017)

Durham, NC and London: Duke University Press, 322 pp.,

ISBN 978-0-82236-898-4, h/bk, $104.95, p/bk, $27.95
Critically Sovereign: Indigenous Gender, Sexuality, and Feminist Studies, Joanne Barker (ed.) (2017)
Authors: Williams Caroline ‘Charlie’
Published: April 2020

Review of: Critically Sovereign: Indigenous Gender, Sexuality, and Feminist Studies, Joanne Barker (ed.) (2017)

Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 260 pp.,

ISBN 978-0-82236-365-1, h/bk, £79.00, p/bk, £30.99
Eiffel Tower and Big Ben, or 'off the beaten track'? Centripetal demand in Airbnb
Authors: Oskam Jeroen A.
Published: April 2020

In the light of the debate on the growth of visitor numbers to city destinations and the sociocultural footprint of urban tourists, the spatial distribution of urban vacation rentals is a key question: does 'sharing', as Airbnb has claimed, spread visitors to peripheral neighbourhoods and contribute to decreasing the congestion in traditional tourist hotspots? Or does it, on the contrary, worsen this congestion problem, with its consequences for the perception of tourism by residents, in traditional tourist centres? This article analyses the spatial concentration of Airbnb listings in 26 European cities in terms of a distance decay from a central point. Besides the concentration of the offer, it studies the decay of business performance according to the distance from the city centre. The study finds an exponential decay for the number of listings. There is a strong effect on financial performance and a more limited effect on rental performance. While several single city studies show that Airbnb, instead of spreading tourism to neighbourhoods, led to greater concentration, these findings show that these were not incidental excesses but a common development pattern for Airbnb. Implications are that the authenticity sought by Airbnb users is not the same as the search for an unspoilt neighbourhood life. Furthermore, it means that benevolent policies towards urban vacation rentals, aimed at spreading tourism, are based on a false assumption.
Editors' note
Authors: Moniz Gonçalo Canto , Figueira Jorge
Published: April 2020

JOELHO 10 closes the cycle of the second series of “em cima do joelho”. This cycle aimed to put JOELHO in dialogue with the scientific journals on architecture while integrating some of the irreverencethat was explored in the first 12 numbers of ecdj. The goal was no more mapping the everyday life of ourschool of architecture in Coimbra but contributing to the academic debates that were taking placein the architectural field. Women in architecture, Anthropology, Memory, Teaching through Design,Digital, Heritage, Utopias, European City or Reuse were themes identified by us and a group of guesteditors that challenged the academic community to participate. Peer reviewed by invited academicexperts, the authors struggled to support their arguments or to achieve coherence. On one side,Joelho became more scientific, but on the other side, it was touched by the irony of the artists in the cover,or the joy of the students in the “exhibition” section. To all of them, a big thanks for keeping JOELHO abeautiful object, either in paper or in the digital cloud.
Team 10, Lisbon, 1981. The Lost Meeting
Authors: Matos Silva Leonor Cabral
Published: April 2020

Team 10 and Lisbon share a piece of history: namely, a few elements of Team 10, such as Alison and Peter Smithson, Amâncio Miranda Guedes, Giancarlo de Carlo and Jullian de la Fuente, and the Lisbon School of Architecture (or the “Lisbon School”). This text is about the specifics of this conjunction.

This paper explores the short but necessary question of whether there was a last formal Team 10 meeting in Lisbon in 1981, and from that point on, it goes back to present: (1) a disclosure of the history of the word ‘revision’ within the teaching of architecture in the school, one which portraits the coming of the Team 10 elements just mentioned; it then (2) outlines the relationship of Team 10 elements with the Lisbon School, namely highlighting, on the one side, the school’s official attitude of support, and on the other side, the pedagogical grounds’ relative disinterest; and finally (3), the text suggests there is no clear answer to the question of whether there had been a formal Team 10 final meeting in Lisbon in 1981.

Therefore, in conclusion, it delivers an argument about Lisbon being more than an informal gathering derived from a reunion intention; it considers this a happening that might just now emerge from the unspoken history of architecture as nothing more than a delicate moment, although it was Team 10’s last significant moment.
The Team 10 on Pancho Guedes
Authors: Balzan Silvia
Published: April 2020

This article considers the work of the Portuguese architect Pancho Guedes and his relationship with the group of dissident architects Team 10 which he attended occasionally.

Guedes, émigré in the Portuguese colony of Mozambique, Africa, joined the Team 10 conversations during the so-called third phase of the movement when the group assumed more the character of family meetings compared to the formal CIAM gatherings. The Team 10 seventies phase re-considered the universal principles of the modern movement by assuming a contextual, local, and regionalist attitude toward architecture and urban projects. Residents’ participation and controversies surrounding urban renewal policies as carried out by modernist masters, were topics of discussion which characterized the Team 10 third phase.

The article examines how Guedes took part in this debate by bringing ‘energy from the new world that has European roots’ quoting Alison Smithson. The dissident attitude of Team 10 against the modernist doctrine resonates with Guedes’ alternative architecture as an exception to the colonial modernist utopia in Mozambique.

The article explores the contents of the meetings between Team 10 members and Guedes; their exchange of ideas and shared concerns.

Following an analysis of these meetings’ records, the article provides a deeper understanding of Team 10, of Guedes, and their relationship with the post-war, socio-political architectural discourse.
Dois Novos Poemas de Safo
Authors: Monteiro Miguel , Carvalho Sofia
Published: April 2020

Concerning the recent discovery of two new Sappho poems.
Educación sobre el Cambio Climático: una propuesta de una herramienta basada en categorías para analizar la idoneidad de un currículum para alcanzar la competencia climática
Authors: Fuertes Miguel Ángel , Andrés Santiago , Corrochano Diego , Delgado Laura , Herrero-Teijón Pablo , Ballegeer Anne Marie , Ferrari-Lagos Enzo , Fernández Rubén , Ruiz Camilo
Published: April 2020

El Cambio Climático es la principal amenaza a la que se enfrenta nuestro planeta. El Acuerdo de París de 2015 proporciona una estrategia para reducir su impacto mediante la descarbonización, pero este camino requiere un cambio profundo en la sociedad.La Educación ha sido identificada como una importante herramienta para conseguir la adaptación y mitigación en muchos tratados internacionales, pero aún no se ha definido un marco o estrategia general para implementar la educación sobre el Cambio Climático. Para proporcionar este marco proponemos la introducción de una competencia en Cambio Climático, ya que este concepto ayudaría a organizar muchos de los atributos que necesita la sociedad para producir una respuesta coherente, alrededor de un concepto bien establecido en la Educación como es la competencia, que podría ser fácilmente introducida en legislaciones nacionales y sistemas escolares.Para implementar esta competencia necesitamos evaluar cómo se ajusta el currículum actual, o cómo podría ser usado para conseguir la competencia en Cambio Climático. Para ello se propone el desarrollo de una herramienta de evaluación de un sistema educativo, capaz de señalar el grado de ajuste y las capacidades de un currículum dado para entender el Cambio Climático.Proponemos un análisis basado en categorías para describir las fortalezas y debilidades de un currículum determinado, a partir de informes y documentos del Panel Intergubernamental Para el Cambio Climático, que son las mayores compilaciones de información científica sobre el tema.Las categorías proporcionan una herramienta simple y poderosa para analizar hasta qué punto un determinado currículum puede ser útil para describir el Cambio Climático y sus consecuencias. Esta herramienta podría ser utilizada para analizar currículums de diferentes regiones, niveles educativos o incluso diferentes sistemas, dando un diagnóstico preciso de cómo de útil es un currículum para enfrentarse a este problema.
Prevalence and risk factors of trematode infection in swamp buffaloes reared under different agro-climatic conditions in Java Island of Indonesia
Authors: Nurhidayah Nanis , Satrija Fadjar , Retnani Elok Budi , Astuti Dewi Apri , Murtini Sri
Published: April 2020

Background and Aim: This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence and intensity and to identify the associated risk factors and impact of trematode infection in swamp buffaloes reared under different agro-climatic conditions in Java, Indonesia.

Materials and Methods: A total of 580 fecal samples were collected from swamp buffaloes in five different agro-climatic areas in Banten and Central Java Provinces, Indonesia. The fecal samples were examined using the Danish Bilharziasis Laboratory Technique to determine the prevalence and intensity of trematode infection. The risk factors for infection were determined from an in-depth interview of owners/keepers, and the results were analyzed using Chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression. The infection was also correlated with swamp buffalo production parameters (body weight and body condition score [BCS]).

Results: From all fecal samples, the overall prevalence of trematode infection was 64.83%, which comprised Fasciola spp. (16.03%; mean eggs per gram [EPG]±SD: 1.02±0.43) and Paramphistomatidae (62.93%; mean EPG±SD: 1.01±0.66). The main risk factor for trematode infection was feeding animals with rice straw (odds ratio [OR]: 40.124); the risk of trematode infection was 40.142 times higher in buffaloes that consumed rice straw. Other risk factors included the frequency of anthelmintic treatment (OR: 4.666), age (OR: 0.449), and drinking water source (OR: 0.358). Trematode infection did not significantly affect the body weight or BCS of swamp buffaloes.

Conclusion: Although the prevalence of trematode infection was high in swamp buffaloes, the intensity of infection was low, and the infection did not affect the animals' physical parameters.