bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fijación versus no fijación de la malla en herniorrafia inguinal laparoscópica, experiencia en una institución de alta complejidad en la ciudad de Medellín
Authors: Naranjo-Salazar Camilo , Molina-Marin Juan David , Felipe Zapata-Uribe Felipe Zapata-Uribe , Botero-Velásquez Juan Esteban , Villegas-Arbeláez Esteban , Luna-Hurtado Hernán Camilo , Barrientos-Villegas Sofia , Osorio-Álvarez David , Giraldo-Sánchez Tomás Eduardo , Jorge Alejandro Pamplona-Tobón Jorge Alejandro Pamplona-Tobón
Published: November 2024

Introducción. La herniorrafia inguinal es una cirugía ampliamente realizada a nivel mundial, con casi 20 millones de procedimientos anuales. En la literatura no se describen diferencias significativas en las tasas de recurrencia entre las técnicas laparoscópicas, pero estos resultados difieren en cuanto a la fijación de la malla.
Métodos. Estudio retrospectivo observacional en el que se incluyeron los pacientes sometidos a herniorrafia inguinal por laparoscopia en una institución de cuarto nivel en Medellín, Colombia, entre enero de 2019 y junio de 2023. Se registraron los datos demográficos, como edad, género y comorbilidades, y los datos del procedimiento, como técnica utilizada, tipo de hernia, tipo de malla y fijación o no de la malla. Los desenlaces posoperatorios evaluados fueron dolor agudo y crónico, recurrencia y otras complicaciones.
Resultados. De un grupo de 1106 pacientes sometidos a herniorrafia inguinal por vía laparoscópica, 69,0 % fueron sometidos a la técnica transabdominal preperitoneal, 23,1 % a la técnica totalmente extraperitoneal y 7,9 % a totalmente extraperitoneal extendida. La malla macroporosa de baja densidad fue la más utilizada (56,3 %). A 784 (70,9 %) se les fijó la malla y a 322 (29,1 %) no. La tasa de complicaciones fue menor al 8 %. Al final, 77 (7,0 %) pacientes experimentaron dolor agudo y 26 crónico (2,3 %). Hubo recurrencia de la hernia en 20 pacientes (1,8 %).
Conclusión. El uso de prótesis sin fijación en la herniorrafia inguinal por laparoscopia pareciera ser un procedimiento seguro, con una tasa de recidivas equiparables a los procedimientos con fijación y con una leve tendencia a un menor dolor posquirúrgico agudo y crónico.
Endoscopic transluminal necrosectomy in the complex treatment of a patient with acute infected necrotizing pancreatitis. Clinical case
Authors: Puzyr N. V. , Tkachenko A. Y. , Maksymenko M. V. , Pererva L. O. , Volkovetskii V. V. , Susak Y. M.
Published: November 2024

This study presents a clinical case of acute pancreatitis treatment, which manifested as infected walled‑off necrosis in a 49‑year‑old obese woman. Diagnosis and treatment were provided by a multidisciplinary team comprising surgeons, anesthesiologists, interventional radiologists, and endoscopists. The treatment strategy followed a «step‑up approach,» a modern technique involving gradual progression from less to more invasive methods, thereby reducing the physiological stress on the patient. This approach has demonstrated efficacy in numerous studies.
In Western countries, endoscopic transluminal necrosectomy is gaining popularity, and our clinic has been implementing it successfully since 2021. Despite its effectiveness, clinicians still encounter challenges when opting for endoscopic transluminal interventions over other minimally invasive methods. Key issues include determining the timing and frequency of interventions, choosing debridement techniques and antiseptics for walled‑off necrosis, and establishing criteria for transitioning to more invasive procedures. Today, researchers handle these nuances on a case‑by‑case basis, relying on the expertise and proficiency of a specific specialized department, which necessitates further research.
In this case the patient achieved complete debridement of a localized fluid/necrosis collection through a stepwise approach. Initial management involved ultrasound‑guided percutaneous drainage and lavage, followed by four sessions of endoscopic transluminal necrosectomy as the final minimally invasive intervention. We assess the unfavorable long‑term outcomes, 2.5 years post‑treatment, as negligible.
Experience in treating patients with autoimmune pancreatitis
Authors: Dronov O. I. , Bakunets Y. P. , Prytkov F. O.
Published: November 2024

Objective — to establish the main diagnostic signs of autoimmune pancreatitis and aspects of patient treatment.
Materials and methods. The study analyzed the results of examination and treatment of 17 patients with autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) from 2010 to 2022. Among the total number of patients with AIP, there were 11 men (65%) and 6 women (35%). The average age of the patients was 52.4 years. Among all patients with AIP, focal involvement of the pancreas was found in 3 (18%) patients, with a predominant involvement of the head of the pancreas. Segmental form of AIP was diagnosed in 6 (35%) patients, while diffuse form was found in 8 (47%) patients. Type 1 AIP was identified in 13 (76%) patients, and type 2 AIP in 4 (24%) patients. For all patients suspected of AIP, the HISORt criteria were assessed: instrumental visualization, serological and histological verification, determination of the volume of pancreatic involvement, and response to steroid therapy.
Results. Recurrence of AIP was observed in 8 (47.0%) patients with type 1 AIP and 1 (5.8%) patient with type 2 AIP. AIP recurred in patients with proximal bile duct involvement, diffuse pancreatic involvement, persistently elevated IgG4 levels after steroid induction, delayed radiological remission, and damage to more than two organs. Increased serum levels of IgG, IgG4, apnd eosinophilia indicated a recurrence of IgG4‑RD. A repeat induction of steroids was performed in patients with recurrent AIP, which proved to be very effective, resulting in high remission rates, specifically in 7 (70%) patients with type 1 AIP and in 1 (100%) patient with type 2 AIP. Among all AIP patients that were operated on, 3 (40%) underwent Roux‑en‑Y hepaticojejunostomies, 1 (20%) pancreaticoduodenectomy, and 1 (20%) a Frey procedure.
Conclusions. The low incidence of AIP necessitates the use of a clear diagnostic algorithm, and the peculiarities of the disease’s course require compliance with all the principles of conservative treatment and surgical interventions in case of surgical complications.
DIRECTIONS FOR INCREASING THE FINANCIAL OPPORTUNITIES OF PROFESSIONAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Begaliev Azam Olimnazarovich
Published: November 2024

This article describes the formation of financial resources of professional educational institutions, the regulatory basis of obtaining additional financial resources and the directions of their use. At the same time, problems in increasing the financial capabilities of professional educational institutions, proposals aimed at their elimination and prevention of future occurrences were noted.
Agency Theory and Value of Agro -Allied Firm in Nigeria
Authors: Udeh, E.F
Published: November 2024

This study evaluates relationships between agency theory and firm value of quoted Agro- Allied firm in Nigeria. The levin, Lin and Chu (LLC) model was used in analysis for panel unit root, while Johnson’s Co –integration tested for long run relationship of variables. Other tests conducted include Error correction model and Pair wise Granger causality which were all employed in processing ex-post panel data obtained from the Nigerian stock exchange for the period 2014 through 2021.  Findings from results reveal that Agency cost has a significant and positive relationship with both dependent variables and also shows evidence of long run relationship. As such, the study concludes that agency Cost has an impact on firm value, and recommends that shareholders should be pro active in dealing with agency problems by resolving conflicts with the least possible agency cost ,and also formulate  strategic guidelines to cut down on agency costs since optimality rests  at the point where Agency cost is at the barest minimal and achieving this will obviously enhance  firm value of Agro Allied firms in Nigeria.
The Impact of Revenue from Treasury Looting on The Economic Performance of Nigeria
Authors: Victor Chibuike EBERECHI  , Ebele P. IFIONU  , Godfrey O. OMOJEFE
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the intricate relationship between revenue from treasury looting and economic performancein Nigeriafrom 1990 to 2021.The study employs secondary data which were gotten from various sources such as the Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin and the Nigerian Bureau of Statistics.  The findings of the study reveal several key insights. First, corruption through treasury lootingsignificantly negatively impacts Nigeria's economic growth. Higher perceived corruption levels are associated with lower GDPGR, highlighting the adverse effects of corruption on economic development.Second, the study identifies a positive short-term relationship between the growth rate of reported looted funds (TLFN) and GDPGR. However, this effect may not be sustainable in the long run, raising concerns about the sources and implications of such funds on the economy.The practical implications of these findings underscore the imperative of anti-corruption efforts in Nigeria. Strengthening governance, enhancing transparency, and implementing effective anti-corruption measures are essential for promoting sustainable economic growth. While short-term economic boosts from looted funds may occur, they are not a viable strategy for long-term development and can undermine trust in the economy.This study contributes to the ongoing discourse on corruption and economic performance in Nigeria and provides valuable insights for policymakers, stakeholders, and researchers. It emphasizes the need for sustained and comprehensive efforts to combat corruption and foster an environment conducive to economic prosperity in the country.
هجائية السلطة السياسية ودلالتها النسقية المضمرة في قصص محمد الكاظم القصيرة
Authors: ابراهيم سدخان سجاد , احمد محمد علي
Published: November 2024

تقوم هذه الدراسة بوصف ظاهرة الهجاء السياسي من حيث تعريفه وانماطه ودلالاته النسقية عند القاص محمد الكاظم إذ يعد الهجاء السياسي موضوعة رئيسة يشتغل عليها النص السردي في العراق ، فأن حضور السلطة السياسية وتحديد نسق هجائيتها يعبرفي كشف انحطاطها فهو مرتبط بمستوى تأثر المجتمع بالأداء السياسي القمعي التي تمارسه الحكومات المتسلطة التي تعاقبت على الحكم في تاريخ العراق
الحقوق والحريات المكفولة بالحماية الدستورية في العراق
Authors: فادي حكمت كاظم المحسناوي الباحث
Published: November 2024

مستخلص البحث:
تعتبر مسألة الحقوق الأساسية من القضايا المركزية الجديرة بالدراسة المتعمقة والشاملة ، حيث أن هذه الحقوق هي المقياس الحقيقي لدرجة ديمقراطية النظام السياسي ، فهي تعبر عن الواجهة الحقيقية للنظام وكيف تتعلق بالحرية والمساواة والمشاركة في الحياة السياسية ، ودرجة توافق المثل الديمقراطية أو عدم تناسقها. لا حرية بدون عدالة ، ولا عدالة بدون مشاركة ، ولا مشاركة بدون حرية ، لأن الاستبداد السياسي هو السبب الرئيسي لتقليص أو غياب الحقوق والحريات الأساسية للفرد. دوليًا ودستوريًا ، للأفراد الحق في الحياة السياسية.
والحقوق المدنية والسياسية هي حقوق أساسية تعترف بها معظم الدساتير حول العالم ، ويضيق نطاقها أو يتوسع وفقًا لنسبة الديمقراطية أو هيمنة النظام. من حيث السيادة الشعبية ، لا تقتصر الدولة على إدراج النصوص المتعلقة بالحقوق المدنية والسياسية في دستورها ، بل تسعى جاهدة إلى وضع ضمانات لممارسة الحقوق المدنية والسياسية ، وضمانات تمنع إهدار هذه الحقوق قدر الإمكان
وقد هدف البحث الى الكشف عن معرفة مفهوم الحقوق والحريات وكذلك كفالة الحقوق والحريات المتعلقة بالذات الانسانية   .
ولتحقيق البحث حددت الباحث في المبحث الاول العناصر الاساسية للبحث وهي مشكلة البحث واهميته واهدافه وتحديد المصطلحات الخاصة به واما المبحث الثاني فقد تناول كفالة الحقوق والحريات الانسانية وختم البحث بخاتمة تضمنت النتائج والتوصيات الخاصة بالبحث
The Effect of Using Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) on Developing EFL Iraqi Learners' English Communication Skills: An Experimental Study
Authors: Nadhim Obaid Hussein Lect. Dr.
Published: November 2024

The research aimed to explore the effect of using a communicative approach on developing Iraqi Learners' English communication skills. Sixty-two Iraqi learners were utilized as a sample of the research, who consist of studying English in the 6th preparatory class at Palistain Preparatory School, Anbar. The test was utilized as an instrument of the study. A pre-test was conducted, and the sample was divided into two groups: the first group called the experimental group, was taught the English language using the communicative approach, while the second group called the control group, was taught the English language using the traditional method. Both groups were taught the contents of grammar for the 6th preparatory school. After the experiment had been completed, a post-test was conducted to collect data. The results revealed the experimental group obtained better marks than the control group in post-tests for communication skills. Therefore, the research recommends that policymakers and English teachers use the communicative approach as the best method for teaching communication skills in the new Iraqi curriculum.
رواية سمفونية الموتى _ دراسة سيسيولوجية
Authors: عدي برسيم جداح الباحث , جهانگير أميري إ.د. جهانگير أميري
Published: November 2024

الواقعية هي أسلوب كتابة القصة الذي يصور الحياة بقدر الإمكان بالطريقة نفسها التي تحدث في العالم الحقيقي، ويعني الإيمان بالواقع الموضوعي للعالم الخارجي، ويشير إلى تمثيل الواقع الذي يعيشه البشر في الزمان والمكان. الواقعية تقدم العالم كما هو وليس كما نريده. الرواية الواقعية هي أيضًا صورة للمجتمع بكل قبحه وجماله. في الشعر العربي المعاصر، الواقعية هي المدرسة التي تولي اهتماماً خاصاً للقضايا الاجتماعية المهمة والحيوية، وهي مهمة، وفي هذه الأثناء استخدم عباس المعروفي الكاتب الإيراني المعاصر أسلوب الواقعية في روایة "سیمفونیة الموتی" التي تتناول الموضوعات الاجتماعية ووقائع الحياة اليومية، وفي هذا السياق ننوي تحليل الرواية بمنهج وصفي تحليلي والاعتماد على الواقعية، ومن نتائج هذا البحث انعكاس المعضلات والقضايا الاجتماعية والأحداث المريرة مثل الولادة والزواج والموت والحرب والصراع، والنهب، والقتل، والمجاعة، والانتحار، والفجوة الطبقية، والفقر، والتمييز، والعدالة، والاستغلال، والسمسرة، والقمار في هذه الروایة.
أثر الحكم بالبراءة على الوظيفة العامة في ضوء أحكام التشريع والقضاء العراقي
Authors: همسة جاسم محسن الحسيناوي م.م.
Published: November 2024

تنعكس المسؤولية الجزائية للموظف العام على مركزه القانوني بوصفه موظفا عاما  سواء أكان موظفا مدنيا أم عسكريا, فعند تحريك الدعوى الجزائية ضده قد تقوم جهة العمل بسحب يده عن العمل إذا اقتضت المصلحة العامة ذلك أو قد يتم سحب يده عن العمل بقوة القانون عند صدور الحكم بحبسه, وفي هذه الحالة الأخيرة سيتم استقطاع جزء من مرتب الموظف المحبوس, كما سيتم احتساب فترة الحبس من  ضمن خدمة الموظف, وقد يؤثر ذلك في استحقاق ذلك الموظف المحبوس للترقية وفقا للضوابط الواردة في قانون  ذات العلاقة.
وقد لا يترتب على صدور حكم جزائي نهائي بإدانة الموظف إنهاء علاقته الوظيفية إلا أنه قد يكون سببا في توقيع الجزاء التأديبي عليه  إذا كانت الجريمة المرتكبة تكشف عن إخلال ذلك الموظف المدان وتقصيره في واجباته الوظيفية,  وقد يصل هذا الجزاء الأخير إلى حد إنهاء الخدمة وفقا لأحكام المسؤولية الإدارية وسلطة جهة العمل في تقدير ذلك, إلا أن الأثر الأكثر خطورة للحكم الجزائي هو ذلك الذي لا تملك جهة الإدارة في شأنه سلطة تقديرية؛ كونه سيفرض بقوة القانون إذا ما تحقق سببه. وقد هدف البحث إلى الكشف عن أثر الحكم ببراءة الموظف العام في مسؤوليته التأديبية والمدنية وحجية الحكم الصادر بالبراءة. ولتحقيق البحث حددت الباحثة في المبحث الأول المفاهيم العامة للبحث, وأما المبحث الثاني فقد تناول أثر الحكم ببراءة الموظف العام في رابطته الوظيفية وحجية الحكم الصادر بالبراءة, وختم البحث بخاتمة تضمنت النتائج والتوصيات الخاصة بالبحث.
Understanding Who Gets Interrupted during Ecological Momentary Assessment
Authors: Parker Amira , Kluen Lisa Marieke , Wu Christina Y , Jung Laneé , Hawks Zoe , Beard Courtney , Katz Mindy , Martin Monique , Grinspoon Liz , Germine Laura
Published: November 2024

Background: Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) is a promising tool for understanding temporal dynamics of behavior and mental health. EMAs are administered in naturalistic environments, however, and are therefore susceptible to interference from competing demands on a participant’s attention, which can lead to interruptions during EMA completion. Interruptions can compromise the completeness, validity, or interpretation of results, and/or indicate problems with participant burden. Methods: To understand who is impacted most by interruptions, we analyzed data from 517 participants who completed a 21-day EMA protocol assessing emotion and cognition (3x/day at pseudo-random intervals). At the end of each EMA, participants indicated if they experienced any interruptions. We used linear regression to examine the relationship between person-level factors (age, gender, race/ethnicity, baseline mental health symptoms) and the proportion of EMAs that were interrupted.Results: On average, participants reported interruptions on 12% of completed EMAs with 77.4% of participants reporting at least one interruption over the course of the study. Identifying as female (p<0.001), Hispanic (p<0.01), African American (p<0.05), as well as higher levels of baseline depression, ADHD symptoms, and cross-cutting symptom severity (all p<0.01) were associated with a higher proportion of interruptions. Having young children in the home moderated the impact of gender on self-reported interruptions (p<0.05). The presence of young children was associated with more interruptions for female participants (p<0.01), but not male participants (p=0.55). EMA completion rate, age, education, and substance use were not significantly associated with interruptions.Conclusion: Participants differed in the extent to which they experienced interruptions during EMA. In general, female participants (especially those with young children), racial minorities, and individuals with more mental health concerns were more likely to experience interruptions. Our results suggest that psychosocial factors may contribute to barriers to engaging with EMA protocols.
Learning about AI: A Systematic Review of Reviews on AI Literacy
Authors: Zhang Shan , Prasad Priyadharshini Ganapathy , Schroeder Noah L
Published: November 2024

Given the ubiquity of artificial intelligence (AI), it is essential to empower students to become creators, designers, and producers of AI technologies, rather than limiting them to the role of informed consumers. To achieve this, learners need to be equipped with AI knowledge and concepts and develop AI literacy. Paradoxically, it is largely unclear what AI literacy is and how we should learn and teach it. We address both of these questions through a systematic review of systematic reviews in the area, also known as an umbrella review, to gain a comprehensive understanding of the current state of AI literacy. After broadly searching the literature, we critically examine the results of 17 reviews focusing on AI literacy and the teaching and learning of AI concepts. Our analysis revealed several encouraging developments: a general consensus on the definition of AI literacy, the availability of diverse teaching tools and materials that support AI learning without prior programming experience, and effective pedagogical approaches that have shown positive effects on students' understanding and engagement. In addition, we identified several areas needing attention in the field: the need for an interdisciplinary pedagogical approach, the integration of ethical considerations in AI education research, discussion on AI policy, and a lack of standardized, content-validated, and reliable assessments across different educational levels and cultures. We conclude that the field has largely reached consensus on what AI literacy is, and there are a plethora of promising areas of future research.
Harnessing QA/QC protocols for diffusion MRI neuroimaging workflows with MRIQC
Authors: Chen Yibei , Provins Céline , Markiewicz Christopher Johnson , Rokem Ariel , Esteban Oscar
Published: November 2024

Motivation. Reliable neuroimaging pipelines require the implementation of robust QA/QC protocols.Goals. Developing an MRIQC extension for QA/QC of diffusion MRI data.Approach. We build on MRIQC's infrastructure to generate individual visual reports of dMRI images and define new image quality metrics (IQMs).Results. We developed a minimal processing pipeline for whole-brain dMRI data of human adults. The processing pipeline generates individual visual reports for the QA of unprocessed inputs. The pipeline also extracts IQMs to train automated decision-making, following MRIQC's established pattern.Impact. MRIQC is a widely-adopted tool for the QA/QC of unprocessed MRI data. However, support for dMRI was previously lacking. This MRIQC extension will improve QA/QC of dMRI by bringing it to the highest standards and will facilitate the implementation of rigorous protocols in multimodal neuroimaging.
Strengthening the Democratic Accountability of the EU’s New Industrial Policy through Parliamentary Oversight
Authors: Diessner Sebastian , Petit Christy Ann
Published: November 2024

EU industrial policymaking involves political choices and trade-offs with far-reaching distributive consequences. This working paper submits that EU industrial policymakers should be democratically accountable, particularly through oversight by the European Parliament over the European Commission, with input from the Council, Court of Auditors, and Economic and Social Committee. Parliamentary oversight should be more stringent in areas marked by complexity and the need for democratic legitimation, both of which apply to EU industrial policy, especially in state aid control. To assess accountability, the working paper maps the activities of two key committees during the 9th legislative term (2019–2024): the Committee on Industry, Research and Energy (ITRE) and the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs (ECON). Our mapping of ITRE activities shows that its scrutiny of industrial policy is limited and needs strengthening. Additionally, there were no joint procedures with ECON, which could be improved. For ECON, oversight has been limited, with its main activity—an annual report on competition policy—not fully addressing the fast-evolving competition and state aid policy field. Based on this assessment, the working paper introduces four recommendations to improve democratic accountability in EU industrial policy during the 10th parliamentary term (2024–2029): 1. Establish a joint ITRE-ECON working group to focus on industrial policy and state aid control, tasked with conducting a dedicated Industrial Policy Dialogue. 2. Have the new working group produce bi-annual or quarterly EU Industrial Policy Reports to support detailed oversight. 3. Adjust ITRE’s mandate by reallocating research and telecommunications files to another committee and adding state aid to ITRE’s scope. 4. Leverage inputs from various stakeholders, including the Economic and Social Committee, the Court of Auditors, the Industrial, and the Joint European forums for IPCEIs, to strengthen legislative oversight.
The relationship between Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI) scores and suicidality: Results of a nine-year cohort study of young UK adults
Authors: Bastiani Oliver , Khouja Jasmine Natalie , Skatova Anya , Newall Philip Warren Stirling
Published: November 2024

Background and Aims: Previous studies report cross-sectional associations between harmful gambling and suicidality, but longitudinal evidence is scarce. In a young UK adult cohort, we aimed to investigate whether harmful gambling as measured by the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI) would be associated with concurrent and future suicide attempts. Hierarchical models explored whether associations were robust to controls for adolescent suicidality and relevant confounders.Design: A birth cohort study of the UK general population.Setting: Avon, UK.Participants: n=2,801 (62.4% female) participants with data for suicidality at 24 years from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC).Measurements: Past-year non-fatal suicide attempt prevalence was self-reported at 24- and 25-years (in 2017-2018). PGSI was measured at 20- and 24-years. Measured confounders were sex, maternal education, economic activity (employment/education status), hyperactivity, alcohol disorder likelihood, and adolescent suicidality.Findings: Past-year suicide attempt prevalence was 2.57% at 24-years, and 1.86% at 25- years. Confounder-adjusted models found that PGSI predicted suicide attempts at 24-years (Odds Ratio [OR]=1.13, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.05–1.21, p=.001), and predicted future suicide attempts over one-year (OR=1.15, 95% CI 1.06–1.25, p=.001), and four-year timespans (OR=1.20, 95% CI 1.08–1.34, p<.001), but there was inconclusive evidence of this association over five-years (OR=1.14, 95% CI 0.995–1.31, p=.058). There was no clear evidence that increases in PGSI scores between 20- and 24-years predict suicide attempts at 24 years (OR=1.69, 95% CI 0.72–3.99, p=.230). Conclusions: PGSI scores were associated with suicide attempts, however, this association may be more complex long-term, and increases in PGSI during adulthood may not be an important factor.Keywords: Gambling-related harm, Suicide attempts, PGSI, ALSPAC, Longitudinal
[Accepted manuscript] It is time to stop using the terminology “passive" fatigue.
Authors: Mangin Thomas , Pageaux Benjamin
Published: November 2024

Fatigue is a phenomenon with implications at the individual level, causing daily perturbations for each of us. Fatigue also has societal implications, as economic costs and death have each been attributed to fatigue. To be studied accurately, it is crucial to distinguish the term fatigue from related terms such as boredom or sleepiness. The terminology “passive” fatigue is often used in the literature. However, “passive” fatigue is a broad term that is not specific to the task(s) used to induce fatigue. Indeed, the term passive fatigue is semantically incorrect as participants performing a fatiguing task are active and not passive. Moreover, the fatiguing tasks used to induce “passive” fatigue are typically monotonous, and induce boredom and sleepiness. In laboratory tasks, participants persevere in boring tasks in the presence of sleepiness, inhibiting their dominant response to disengage from the ongoing task, thus inducing cognitive fatigue or an ego-depletion effect. The boredom and sleepiness induced by the tasks used to induce “passive” fatigue likely explain the observed effects in the literature. It is therefore necessary to rely on solid theories, have accurate definitions regarding what is being studied, and have objective and subjective measures of the phenomenon of interest. In this context, we propose that researchers interested in the “passive” fatigue phenomenon systematically monitor fatigue, boredom and sleepiness; and refer to the concept of “fatigue induced by [name of task]” (e.g., fatigue induced by the Mackworth's clock) and avoid proliferating the generic and insufficiently precise term, “passive” fatigue.
Large-scale social feedback and language usage: A distributional analysis
Authors: Johns Brendan
Published: November 2024

A recent trend in computational cognitive science is to use large-scale naturalistic data to evaluate cognitive theories (Griffiths, 2015; Jones, 2017). This article extends this work by examining the connection between social feedback and language usage. Social feedback, operationalized here as the difference between the number of upvotes and downvotes on comments on the social media forum Reddit, provides a unique opportunity to investigate how social approval interacts with linguistic behavior. To accomplish this, social feedback ratings from over 400 billion words of comments from the social media forum Reddit were mined. Two types of corpora were formed: 1) large (approximately 1.7 billion words) combined corpora of positive, negative, and neutral comments, and 2) individual corpora from over 1,500 high-level commenters on Reddit (following recent work by Johns, 2021a, 2023, 2024a,b using individualized language models). Both were used to examine social feedback and language usage across multiple sets of lexical organization and lexical semantic data with distributional modeling techniques. It was found that comments that receive positive social feedback tended to align more closely with normative language usage, suggesting that the acceptability of a communicative message may lie in the form of that utterance and not just the content of it. Additionally, this trend was replicated at the individual level, where commenters who had more normative usage of language generally received more positive ratings on their comments.
Conformity and Partisanship Impact Perceived Truthfulness, Liking and Sharing of Information Online
Authors: Granwald Tobias , Pärnamets Philip , Wåhlander Alexander , Kossowska Małgorzata , Lindholm Torun , Olsson Andreas
Published: November 2024

Distinguishing facts from fiction in social media is increasingly challenging. How social factors causally shape the perception of truth of such online content remains unknown. We conducted two preregistered experimental studies, examining how endorsements (likes) from individuals with similar or opposing political views affected truth judgments and the willingness to like and share neutral and partisan content. For politically neutral content (Study 1), the perceived truthfulness increased with a higher proportion of likes. However, for partisan content (Study 2), the perceived truthfulness remained unchanged by the proportion of likes but was higher for content aligning with the participants' political views. Strikingly, across both studies, the tendency to like and share content – whether neutral or partisan – increased with the proportion of likes and the political alignment of the endorsers. Our findings reveal how social factors can both enhance and limit the influence of social endorsements on truth judgments and online behavior.
Reducing material use and their greenhouse gas emissions in the Greater Oslo
Authors: Rousseau Lola , Næss Jan Sandstad , Carrer Fabio , Amini Sara , Brattebø Helge , Hertwich Edgar
Published: November 2024

Resource efficiency strategies are key to reduce material use and help limit global warming to below 2°C in 2100. Understanding the role of such strategies at municipal-level requires a localized approach. Here we evaluate a ramp-up of resource efficiency strategies and their associated effects on vehicle usage and climate benefits towards 2050 for 19 individual sub-regions within the Greater Oslo region in Norway. In our scenarios, material stocks increase from 344 megatonnes (Mt) in 2022 to 349-367 Mt in 2050 driven by population growth, with low-end estimate relying on a sufficiency scenario limiting floor area per capita and banning new single-family houses. The sufficiency (SUF) scenario reduces total material consumption until 2050 (48 Mt) with 28% relative to a business-as-usual (BAU) scenario (66.3 Mt) with continuation of ongoing trends, thereby reducing GHG emissions from material production by 17% (BAU: 12.44 MtCO2-eq, SUF: 10.36 MtCO2-eq). If resource efficiency strategies are combined with rapid material production decarbonization in-line with a 2°C scenario, a 30% reduction in emissions is achievable (8.67 MtCO2-eq). Car ownership rates and traveled distance per capita decrease in the sufficiency scenario compared to 2022 with 6.4%. Assuming the current relationship between settlement characteristics and transport demand, total driving distance fails to decline due to population growth. Limiting the floor-area per capita in residential buildings significantly decreases material demand. Resource efficiency strategies including densification need to be complemented with a rapid decarbonization of material supply and stronger incentives to move away from car driving to maximize climate change mitigation.
Theorising the Hyper-Capitalist Urban Node: Financial Capitalism and Urban Transformation in Twenty-First Century London
Authors: McKenzie Rex , Koutny Christian
Published: November 2024

This paper develops the concept of the hyper-capitalist urban node (HCUN) as a new theoretical framework for understanding how financial capitalism transforms contemporary cities. Through systematic analysis of London's economic, social, and technological changes from 1992 to 2023, we demonstrate that global financial centres have evolved beyond established models of the global city. Drawing on comprehensive longitudinal data, we identify six distinctive characteristics of HCUNs: financial sector dominance, extreme income polarisation, housing financialisation, the political-financial nexus, technological acceleration, and social-spatial transformation. London's empirical evidence demonstrates how these characteristics manifest in concrete terms through dramatic shifts in employment structure, housing markets, income distribution, and spatial organisation. We argue that HCUNs represent not merely a quantitative intensification of existing urban processes, but rather a qualitative shift in how cities function within global capitalism. The analysis reveals fundamental contradictions within the HCUN model, explaining why conventional urban policies often fail to achieve their intended outcomes. Through this research, we advance both theoretical understanding of contemporary urban transformation and methodological approaches to studying it, including the development of the HCUN Index. Our findings demonstrate the need for fundamental innovation in urban theory and governance to address the distinctive challenges posed by financial capitalism's intensifying influence over urban development.
‘पिँधको मान्छे’ कवितामा सीमान्तीय अभिव्यक्ति {A marginal expression in the poem 'Pindhko Manche'}
Authors: गैरे Gaire शङ्करप्रसाद Shankar Prasad
Published: November 2024

प्रस्तुत अनुसन्धानमूलक लेख ‘पिँधको मान्छे’ कविताको विश्लेषणमा आधारित छ । प्रस्तुत कविता कवि गिरि श्रीस मगरद्वारा लिखित ‘एकलव्यको देब्रे हात’ कवितासङ्ग्रहमा समाविष्ट छ । उनी आफ्ना कवितामा विभिन्न कारणले पछाडि परेको वर्ग, समुदाय वा हेपिएको, अपमानित भएको, शोषित र दमित वर्गका कथाव्यथालाई अभिव्यञ्जित गर्न रुचाउँछन् । प्रस्तुत कविताले युगौँदेखि श्रमशोषणमा परेका र कहिल्यै माथि उठ्न नपाए÷नसकेका वर्गको विषयलाई उठाएको छ । ती वर्गका पसिनाको शोषण गरी सदैव उनीहरूमाथि शासन गर्ने माथिल्लो वर्गको शैलीप्रति कविताले व्यङ्ग्य गर्दै शोषितप्रति सहानुभूतिको भाव प्रकट गरेको छ । यस प्रकारको विषयवस्तुलाई सबाल्टर्न भनिन्छ भने साहित्यमा अभिव्यक्त सबाल्टर्नको अध्ययन गर्ने सिद्धान्तलाई सबाल्टर्न वा सीमान्तीय समालोचना भनिन्छ । प्रस्तुत समालोचनात्मक लेखमा ‘पिँधको मान्छे’ कवितालाई विश्लेष्य सामग्रीका रूपमा चयन गरी उत्तरआधुनिक समालोचनाका क्षेत्रमा विशेष महत्त्वको मानिने सीमान्तीय समालोचना सिद्धान्तका सापेक्षतामा अध्ययन–विश्लेषण गरी प्रस्तुत कविताले उठाएको सीमान्तीकृत वर्गको विषयलाई पहिचान गरिएको छ । युगौँदेखि सामन्तबाट शोषणमा परेका तर तिनको बारेमा कुनै पनि पक्षले नबोलेर मौन बसेकाले उनीहरू आफ्नो हकहितका पक्षमा आवाज उठाउन अक्षम रहेको सन्दर्भलाई नै कविताले अभिव्यक्त गरेको कुराको प्रकटीकरण गर्नु नै प्रस्तुत कविताको उद्देश्य रहेको निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ । कवितामा आर्थिक र चेतनाका दृष्टिले सीमान्तवर्गमा परेकाका करुणाजन्य अवस्थाको चित्रण गरेर तिनप्रति माथिल्लो वर्गको शून्य सहानुभूतिको व्यवहारका कारण सीमान्त वर्ग सदैव दमित अपहेलित रहन बाध्य रहेको भाव कवितामा व्यक्त भएको निष्कर्ष यस समालोचनात्मक लेखमा निकालिएको छ ।
Накопление Cs–137 и Sr–90 культурой салата на почвах основных радиоактивно-загрязненных участков бывшего Семипалатинского испытательного полигона
Authors: Пономарева Т.С. , Поливкина Е.Н. , Кенжебаев Р.А. , Немытова Л.А. , Сысоева Е.С. , Иванова А.Р.
Published: November 2024

В условиях модельного вегетационного эксперимента установлены коэффициенты накопления (Кн) радионуклидов Cs–137 и Sr–90 для культуры салата (Lactuca sativa) для почв радиоактивно-загрязненных площадок Семипалатинского испытательного полигона (СИП). Диапазон варьирования полученных значений Кн на почвенных образцах с различных участков СИП для Cs–137 составил 2 порядка, для Sr–90 — 1 порядок. Методами непараметрического статистического анализа идентифи-цированы факторы, определяющие миграцию радионуклидов Cs–137и Sr–90 в системе «почва–растения» для почв СИП с различным характером радиоактивного загрязнения. Установлено, что значения Кн Cs–137 и Sr–90 напрямую зависят от содержания биодоступных форм изотопов, которое обусловлено характером проведенных испытаний. Полученные значения коэффициентов корреляции Кендалла показали полную функциональную зависимость (r=1, n=4, p<0,05) между параметрами накопления и содержанием биологически доступных форм радионуклидов Cs–137 и Sr–90 в почве с радиоактивно-загрязненных территорий полигона. Применение метода частной корреляции позволило установить факторы, определяющие в почве содержание доступных форм Cs–137 и Sr–90: для Cs–137 валовое содержание K (rxy-z = –0,81); для Sr–90 — валовое содержание Ca (r xy-z = –0,64). Полученные результаты раскрывают основные механизмы миграции радионуклидов Cs–137 и Sr–90 в системе «почва–растение», что имеет огромное практическое значение при проведении радиоэкологического мониторинга и планировании реабилитационных мероприятий на радиоактивно-загрязненных территориях СИП, а также на импактных территориях предприятий ядерно-топливного цикла, расположенных в аналогичных почвенно-климатических условиях.
SDIR Mathematical Approach with Time Delay Factor to Reveal Indonesian Students' Interest in Government Organizations and Internships: A Case in FMIPA UNM
Authors: Side Syafruddin , Sanusi Wahidah , Yusuf S.A.P. Andi Muh. Ridho
Published: November 2024

This study is to build a time-delay SDIR model on the case of student interest in Organizations and Government Internship Programs, analyze the model and conduct a model simulation to predict the level of student interest cases in Organizations. This study is a theoretical and applied study. Analysis of the time-delay SDIR model of the case of student interest in Organizations, while the model simulation uses Maple Software. The population of the study was active students of FMIPA UNM, with a sample size of 1029 students obtained using the Sloving technique. The results of this study are a mathematical model of SDIR on the case of student interest in Organizations which is a system of differential equations. The model analysis provides a value of the free equilibrium point of the case of student interest in Organizations and a stable endemic equilibrium point. The results also found that the basic reproduction number value for cases without a solution would produce R0n = 9.912507841, which means that in social cases where one individual can influence 9-10 people in their environment to hesitate to participate in organizational activities or internship programs, but on the other hand if the case is given a solution, it will produce R0s = 0.2737372211, which means that there is no psychological spread, where each individual does not influence other individuals.
Evaluating the Effects of Amorphophallus paeoniifolius Enzyme Extract on Seed Growth Parameters in Selected Crops Exposed to Treated Textile Dyes and Wastewater
Authors: Anjali  , Singh Anuradha
Published: November 2024

Dyes and industrial effluents often contain toxic substances that can hinder seed germination and growth by affecting water uptake and nutrient absorption therefore understanding the impact of these pollutants on plants is crucial. The current study aims to test the effects of dye and effluent on the germination and growth of seeds of Vigna radiata, Cicer arientinum, and Triticum aestivum, with and without the addition of crude enzyme from Amorphophallus paeoniifolius. The study focuses on four key parameters i.e. germination percentage, root length and shoot length, vigour index, fresh and dry weight of seed. Crude enzyme from A. paeoniifolius positively impacts seed germination, boost seedling development (Shoot and Root lengths) and (fresh and dry weight) of Vigna radiata, Cicer arientinum, and Triticum aestivum. Untreated seed germination of Vigna radiate was between 40-70%, Cicerarientinum was between 20-70% and Triticum aestivum was 40-60% and after treatment with the enzyme seed germination percentage was increased between 60-90%,50-80 %, 60-90% respectively. Among all three plants Vigna radiata has highest seed germination percentage, maximum shoot length, root length and vigour index when treated with A. paeoniifolius. Therefore, seed germination and seedling development in both monocot and dicot plants concludes that treated water by A. paeoniifolius can be used to meet the water requirements for irrigation purpose but further studies are needed to test toxicity impacts under natural soil environment and on human through food chain.
Increasing the capabilities of a test ballistic missile to separate test objects
Authors: Minyaev Sergey Igorevich
Published: November 2024

The subject of this study is the trajectory characteristics of the long-range test ballistic missile (TBM).
The purpose of the study is to increase the capabilities of TBM in separating test object (TO). At the same time, as a generalized quantitative measure of this increasing the post-boost vehicle (PBV) fuel reserve consumed for separation of TO is taken.
The design-ballistic task of rationalizing the distribution of the available fuel of the TBM DS between the following main characteristic section of its flight has been set and numerically and analytically solved: final sustainer stage underperformance compensation; turns with subsequent angular stabilization, retreats and lead away; TO disconnection (separation section).
As a result, it is shown that without reducing the quality of TBM launch tasks, it is permissible to redistribute the consumed fuel of the PBV between these section relative to the distribution for a standard ballistic missile (SBM), leading to a significant increase in its reserve consumed in the section of disconnection of the TO (when flying along the ballistic vertical).
At the same time, the purpose of the study is achieved – the capabilities of the TBM in the separation of the TO are increased, which, while direct planning of launches is evaluating, can be expressed in an increase in the number and/or total mass of the TO and/or an increase in speed or time intervals in the order of sequential disconnections of the TO.
The given numerical examples (using a converted three-stage SBM as a TBM) also show a significant dependence of the amount of fuel increment of the PBV consumed at the TO disconnections of the trajectory conditions of test launches (the corresponding initial data (ID) for calculations are borrowed from the author’s previously published work): length of the route; kinematic parameters of launch at the moment of independent PBS flight beginning determined by the launch task.
During the study, methods of flight theory and design ballistics of LR missiles were used.
As a conclusion, it can be noted that the considered task and methods for its solution can be useful (of course, taking into account the necessary specialized improvements) in works of the executive ballistics level when planning and evaluating the result of TBM launches.
Using LinkedIn for Career Building
Authors: King Gail Hoover , Church Kimberly Swanson , Schmidt Pamela J. , Harnowo Akhadian S.
Published: November 2024

In this tools assignment, students study practicing accountants’ LinkedIn profiles as guides for creating their own profiles. The assignment introduces students to professional networking online and helps students develop a business identity distinct from their existing online social media presence. The assignment gives students experience in critical thinking and exposure to LinkedIn best practices, as well as provides self-directed use of technology. Students create a LinkedIn profile, engage with accounting practitioners on LinkedIn, and begin developing a professional network. This assignment is applicable to accounting information systems, auditing, and professional skills development courses.
Design and simulation of electronic communication positioning system based on Internet of Things technology
Authors: Zhang Zongju
Published: November 2024

As electronic information technology continuously develops, it has gradually been applied to various industries and plays a vital role in the Internet of Things (IoT). The electronic communication positioning system is an interrelated aggregate or component composed of combining electronic science and technology with information science and technology to determine the spatial position. The current electronic communication positioning system has low positioning accuracy in indoor environments and is easily affected by obstacles such as building structures and walls, making it difficult to achieve accurate positioning. This paper integrated the IoT technology into the design and simulation experiment of the electronic communication system, aiming to improve the stability and accuracy of the positioning system and improve the quality of the location information service in the current stage of the market. This paper first introduced the architecture of the IoT, including RFID technology analysis and ZigBee technology analysis. Then it studied the classification of common positioning algorithms, and finally conducted a simulation test on the electronic communication positioning system based on the IoT technology in the experimental part. Compared with the traditional electronic communication positioning system, the tested results show that the minimum error of the electronic communication positioning system based on the IoT technology can reach 0.102. The maximum time accuracy can reach 95.34%, proving its effectiveness. In practical application, its error and time accuracy can achieve the required level of location information service. This article provided a brief explanation of the application of electronic information technology in the IoT system to assist in the further development of the IoT.
Traffic and transportation management data storage terminal based on Internet of Things
Authors: Yu Yue , Li Qiang , Duan Maojun , Yuan Minxi , Song Ziheng
Published: November 2024

Traditional data storage models are inadequate in the face of the growing demand for big data in transportation and transportation management. Its poor horizontal scalability makes it difficult to deal with the growth of massive data; on the other hand, its complex management makes it challenging to achieve unified management and effective resource utilization due to the differences in equipment from different manufacturers. In order to effectively store and manage this huge amount of information, it is urgent to rely on advanced technical tools. In this context, while ensuring data security and simplifying data management, it is also necessary to meet the terminal’s demand for high real-time performance, and these factors jointly promote the continuous attention and improvement of data storage terminal performance. This paper proposes a Hadoop solution based on distributed computing. As a distributed system infrastructure, Hadoop allows users to develop distributed programs without a deep understanding of distributed details, fully using the high-speed computing and storage capabilities of Hadoop clusters, which is especially suitable for big data processing tasks on the Internet of Things (IoT) platform. The experimental results show that for a 10 GB data file, the traditional terminal (Terminal 1) can store 7.8 GB, while the Hadoop-based terminal (Terminal 2) can store 9.9 GB. For 50 GB of data files, Terminal 1 and Terminal 2 can store 40.4 GB and 49.8 GB of data respectively. These results show that Hadoop terminals have significant advantages in processing large-scale data, especially in terms of data storage efficiency, and can use storage resources more effectively to meet the high-performance requirements of traffic and transportation management for data storage terminals.