bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Based on GPS RTK Technology in Open Pit Mine in the Measurement of the Application Research
Authors: Zhou Xian Ping
Published: August 2013

The GPS RTK technology is measurement technology in the development of a new breakthrough in many areas, has been widely applied in the measurement of the open pit mine, also have very good application prospect. This article according to the author in the east group god horse home tower pit work experience this paper presents the principle and RTK technology in field measurement of the work carried out, and the application of RTK should pay attention to some of the key technology and processing method.
Analysis Based on the Remote Sensing Image of Harbin Urban Heat Island Effect
Authors: Li Guo Song , Meng Jin Zhu
Published: August 2013

This paper takes Harbin city as an example, on remote sensing data of 2004, 2006, 2007, and 2010, reflect city land surface temperature. Through the distance calculation, the heat island intensity distribution map in Harbin city was different in different seasons, and then analyzes Harbin urban heat island effect characteristics to explore the distribution and variation.
The Research on Multiscale Image Fusion Based on the Dualtree Complex Wavelet
Authors: Luo Yi , Yao Gui Ling , Wang Wei Fan
Published: August 2013

In order to effectively ease and solve fusion effect and the contradiction of the algorithm complexity, this paper puts forward a fusion rule on rapid extraction of multi-scale fusion coefficient, this fusion rules first used in the source image multi-scale decomposition of the scale fusion is the extraction of coefficient based on the neighborhood the fusion of window way, the low frequency of the improved neighborhood entropy to extract matching measure (that is, between the input image similarity degree), high frequency with the cross scale neighborhood gradient to extract matching measure, and gives the fusion coefficient formula. Because of the wavelet transform has moved degeneration, this paper puts forward the application of double tree after wavelet transform to do image multi-scale decomposition.
Gesture Recognition for Briefing Application
Authors: Kao Yang Ta , Lin Hsiau Wen
Published: August 2013

With the growth of Human Computer Interaction (HCI) technologies, gesture recognition is one of the easiest ways to interact with computer. A briefing application with gesture recognition is proposed that easily plays the slides based on gesture detection, feature extraction, and gesture recognition. We deal with four commonly used actions which are next, previous, play from the start, and ending. The experimental results show that our system provides satisfactory results and is easy to use.
Implementation of Unitary Music Algorithm Using Xilinx System Generator
Authors: Lounici Mer Wan , Luan Xiao Ming
Published: August 2013

The MUltiple SIgnal Classification MUSIC algorithm is a kind of DOA (Direction Of Arrival) estimation technique based on eigenvalue decomposition, which is also called subspace-based method [5]. In addition of its super resolution capability, MUSIC is very suitable for integration on logic circuit devices such as FPGAs (Field Programmable Gate Array).this paper proposes an implementation of unitary MUSIC algorithm using Xilinx System Generator (XSG). The design proposed uses CORDIC (COordinate Rotation DIgital Computer) -based Triangular Systolic Array for QR- decomposition to deal with EVD (eigenvalue decomposition). The MUSIC spectrum is computed with spatial DFT (Discrete Fourier Transform) using FFT block offered by Simulink- Xilinx blockset library. The performance of eight elements antenna array system was obtained and discussed.
Variable-Number Differential Evolution and its Application on Uranium Ore Classification
Authors: Yu Chao , Yu Juan , Cai Zhi Hua
Published: August 2013

Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm is a heuristic random search algorithm based on the group difference, and it is also an optimization algorithm which processes random search in the continuous space with actual number vector coding. In uranium ore classification, its impossible to know in advance the number of best features to select. This paper puts forward a new algorithm named Variable-number Differential Evolution (VDE) algorithm, and applies it to selecting the best features of hyperspectral data. Then applies k-nearest neighbor, decision tree, naïve bayes, naïve bayes tree and support vector machine algorithm on the newly obtained data set only containing the selected features, records average accuracy by 10-fold cross-validation. The results show that new algorithm can improve the accuracy of classification compared with genetic algorithm (GA) and original DE algorithm.
A Fuzzy Clustering-Based X-Ray Computed Tomography Simulation under Incomplete Measurements
Authors: Yue Shi Hong , Bao Xiu Juan , Zhang Jin Xin
Published: August 2013

The existing x-ray computed tomography algorithm simulation assume the complete measurements of the investigated objectives to be available, but this is not true in most applications. To overcome the problem, we creatively propose a method of image reconstruction based on fuzzy clustering algorithm under limited measurements. Different from the existing algorithms, we map all measurements into a set of vectors and cluster all vectors for the image reconstruction. The proposed algorithm aims to be easily realized, lower time complexity, and applicable in a real-time manner in case of limited measurements of the investigated objectives. Experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed algorithm.
The Research and Development of Automotive Switches Test System Based on LabVIEW
Authors: Gao Yin Han , Zhou Rui Min , Yang Kai Yu , Song Bing
Published: August 2013

This article describes the research and development of automatic switch test and control system. It introduces the hardware structure of the test system, designs and builds the signal conditioning circuit. Applying of virtual instrument design software to achieve the purpose of control the system, and acquisition and processing of test data. And take some effective measures to curb the noise interference signals. The experimental results show that the system can fulfill accurately online monitoring for the parameters in the test process. The test results can be used as a standard to determine whether the switch qualified.
A Linear Camera Calibration Applying in Servo Mechanical Arm System with One Camera
Authors: Li Lin , Xu Li
Published: August 2013

An easy method for camera intrinsic parameters and one order radial distortion parameter is studied by the mathematical model of camera on the basis of projective theory. It is not necessary to translate or rotate camera in this method, but it only uses several specially points to derive the equations and get the parameters. The results show that this method could quickly and conveniently calibrate camera intrinsic parameters and one-degree radial distortion parameter with good stability and precision, which can be used in servo mechanical arm system.
Research on the Vision Processing of Space Robot's Tracking Camera
Authors: Yan Hui , Zhang Xue Bo , Wang Yu , Han Wei Jie
Published: August 2013

The tracking camera is very important to the whole test tasks of space robot. Aiming at the vision processing problems of space robots tracking camera, a new method of vision processing LabVIEW+DLL is present in this article. Based on the method, a set of vision processing system of space robots tracking camera is researched and developed. This system can better meet the index requirements of space robots vision processing and precisely measure the position and posture data from the target star relative to space robots body coordinate system in the process of the ground air-float test for the space robot, guaranteeing the smooth completion of the ground test mission.
The Design of Servo System for Azimuth of Directional Antenna Based on PMSM
Authors: Liu Han Zhong , Hua Mao Fa , Zhao Tao , Teng Fu Lin
Published: August 2013

directional antenna is widely used in the measurement and control for Short range UAV because of its high gain in the range of beam angle, the speed of UAV is very fast, so the requirements for speed and acceleration of directional antenna is very high, step motors are usually in the traditional directional antenna systems, which works in the open loop and has low positioning accuracy, slow speed response and dynamic regulation, In order to meet the requirements of the directional antenna servo system, the design of servo control system for Azimuth of directional antenna based on PMSM and CAN bus communication is introduced in this paper . The test results indicate that the dynamic response of antenna servo system is very quick and tracking accuracy is very high. which can be well applied in the target tracking system.
Unmanned Helicopter Course PID Controller Parameters Setting and Simulation
Authors: Yang Ming , Zhao Wei Ping , Zhang Lei
Published: August 2013

In the basis of the rolling angle inside loop controller stability, this paper using genetic algorithm to optimize the parameters of PID, in order to get the flight course outside loop controller parameters constituted by course angle feedback signal. Aiming at the small unmanned helicopter course stability control model features, we choose the rise time of system, the steady-state error and proportion of combination as an optimum target function. To ensure the effect of the controller and reduce the system shock, we introduce system shock times and multiply punishment function. It has better flexibility, adaptability, stability and can guaranty the system controller effect and improves the system capability by adopting the genetic algorithm to develop the PID controller. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the method that we put forward.
Application of Sliding Mode Cascade Controller in AC Servo System
Authors: Zhang Ying , Li Peng , Guo Ya Jun
Published: August 2013

According to the requirement of high precision and high speed in an AC servo system, based on sliding mode control theory, a cascade control is put forward. Sliding mode controller of the speed loop is applied to reduce the system steady state error and increases system response speed, and the sliding mode control of the position loop is applied to improve the system dynamic tracking accuracy and system robustness. According to the simplified mathematical model of the position loop and speed loop, system control law is derived. Experiment results show that the proposed sliding mode cascade controller can guarantee the dynamic performance of the servo system.
Study of the Force Transferring Model Considering Wheel-Rail Interaction of EMU
Authors: Gao Xiang , Lu Yang , Zhang Bo
Published: August 2013

Adhesion control is an important part of traction inverter control. But the controlling object model is difficult to be built in the adhesion controller design stage because of the nonlinear characteristic between wheels and rails. This paper presents a force transferring model considering wheel-rail interaction of EMU, which is able to simulate the slip phenomenon to evaluate the adhesion control schemes performance and decide the control parameters. At the end of the paper, the simulation was established based on a certain EMU type and two different adhesion control schemes were applied. Comparison simulation result shows the usefulness and effectiveness of the proposed model for the adhesion control research.
Airborne Integrated Vision/Inertial Navigation System for Landing on Aircraft Carrier
Authors: Wang Dan , Wang Wei
Published: August 2013

It is a very difficult task to land on aircraft carrier, because of limits of the carrier runway during rough sea. In this article, a new algorithm of aircraft carrier landing is proposed utilizing airborne infrared camera/inertial integrated system, which can provide the relative positions and orientation of the aircraft with respect to the carrier so as to help aircrafts semi-auto or auto landing. The mathematic relationship between guidance parameters and imaging information was modeled, and then the relative position and attitude information between the carrier and the aircraft were estimated through Newton iteration method. From that information, the pitching, rolling and heave movement of the carrier were estimated and compensated, so the touchdown point could be predicted and provided to the pilot so as to control aircraft landing. On the ground of the theoretic research, the field verification tests were carried out, which adopted the minification scheme to simulate the process of aircraft carrier landing. In the experiments, the runway simulator simulated the motion of the carrier runway and the land vehicle was used as the aircraft. The results verify the landing guidance system scheme is feasible and effective, and lay the technical foundation for the flight test, improving its safety.
Optimization of Satellite Momentum Wheel Control System Based on Genetic Programming
Authors: Huang Yu Song , Dong Yun Feng
Published: August 2013

Due to reliability requirements, the reaction wheel actuator of the satellite attitude control system always use traditional control method. For the satellite which has complex structure, it's difficult to build the mathematical model with classical control method. The selection of control parameters is also difficult. The design process last long and the model have poor adaptability when the parameters change. Compare to genetic algorithms, genetic programming which have the capabilities to evolve automatically, have the advantage of being able to optimize the structure of the mathematical model. Results of optimization and simulation show that design the reaction wheel actuator control law with genetic programming can simplify the design process. And the evolved control law is better than traditional PD control law.
Development and Application on Intelligent Sub-Station of Automatic Production Line Based on the STC12C5A60S2 MCU
Authors: Jin Long Guo , Cui Lian Tao
Published: August 2013

Intelligent sub-station based on STC12C5A60S2 MCU is used to substitute intelligent sub-station based on Siemens S7-200PLC. So It not only can achieve all control functions of intelligent sub-station in the original automatic production line, but also have advantages: flexible system composition, high cost-effective, lower initial investment cost and later stage maintenance cost. And it can realize many kinds of intelligent sub-station control form in the automation production line.
Temperature Controller of Heating Furnace Based on Fuzzy Neural Network Technology
Authors: Shi De Quan , Gao Gui Li , Liu Ying , Tang Hui Ying , Gao Zhi
Published: August 2013

In this study, to solve the problem that heating furnace has the disadvantage of non-linearity, time variant and large delay, a fuzzy neural network controller has been designed according to the combination of fuzzy control and neural networks. In this controller, not only can the reasoning process of neural network be described by the fuzzy rules, but also the fuzzy rules can be dynamically adjusted by the neural network. In addition, the learning algorithm of the fuzzy neural network controller is studied. Simulation results show that the fuzzy neural network controller has good regulating performance and it can meet the needs of heating furnace during industrial production.
A Dual-Mode MPPT Algorithm Based on the Golden Section Point of the PV System
Authors: Wang Yan Yun , Xia Dong Wei , Han Hao
Published: August 2013

A dual-mode MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) method is proposed in this paper. When external conditions or loads change suddenly, the P&O (Perturb and Observe) method is used to adjust the operating point of the PV (Photovoltaic) array close to the MPP (Maximum Power Point) for fast tracking; meanwhile, the INC (Incremental Conductance) method is combined with the P&O method to optimize the steady-state characteristic. Moreover, to improve the control precision, the golden section point is used to adjust the disturbance step on line. Simulation results show that the proposed method tracks the MPP (Maximum Power Point) quickly, reduces the oscillation around the MPP effectively and improves the energy conversion efficiency of the PV system availably.
A Study for Embedded Software Double-Fault Testability
Authors: Zhang Li Na , Liu Yong Mei , Sun Yi Ning
Published: August 2013

The testability is one of the important features to the quality of software, which can guide the intensity and degree of the test, arrange test progress better. Any embedded software can not only contain just a fault, there may be two or more faults, and there is correlation among these faults. In order to arrange testing resources more reasonably, this paper uses correlation matrix to put forward the Embedded Software Testability Fault Model, ESDFM, which based on fault/failure model, and introduces the process of the measurement.
Design of the High-Speed High-Resolution Latched Comparator
Authors: Wang Ye , Yin Yong Sheng , Wang Lang , Deng Hong Hui
Published: August 2013

Based on the latch and comparison theory, a high-speed high-resolution latched comparator is designed in this paper by using a standard 0.18μm/1.8V CMOS process. With the sampling frequency of 400MHz, the Cadence Spectre simulation results show that the regeneration time is around 230ps and only 11.83mV offset voltage, power consumption is 2.12mW, the minimum voltage resolution is 0.2mV without any input offset error. The circuit is applicable for the design of a high-speed high-resolution A/D converter.
Oxidation of Oxide Dispersion Strengthened Steels: I. Influence of Alloy Composition
Authors: Lee Jae Hoon
Published: August 2013

Oxidation tests of 18%Cr-oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) steels with and without 5%Al were carried out in air at 700900 °C for time period up to 540 h. No minor alloying elements affect the oxidation behavior and the Al concentration between these ODS steels is a main difference. Cr2O3 and (Fe,Cr)3O4 spinel oxides exist on the surface of 18Cr-ODS steel; however, the surface oxide of 18Cr5Al-ODS steel is comprised of only Al2O3. Oxidation resistance of the ODS steels exposed at 700 °C is much better than Incoloy800 of which the Cr content is larger and their oxidation behavior doesnt follow the aluminum content. These results suggest that oxide particles dispersion and grain refinement play a more critical role than alloy composition in the high-temperature oxidation resistance.
The Research on Information Sharing in Supply Chain and its Information Sharing Entities
Authors: Tian Zhi Yong , Zhang Tao , Liu Bing Wu
Published: August 2013

Based on Barnards classical organization theories this article presented new interpretion on the essence of supply chain and the position and role of information sharing in the supply chain, and then based on MSUs fundamental mode of supply-chain management to construct information-shared systemic frame of supply chain and indicated the positions and roles of different entities in information sharing on the mentioned research frame. This article also made research on information-shared entities in some aspects as the relation between information-shared entities and information-sharing, information sharing among entities, the information-shared motivation among entities and multi-entities information sharing and tried to enrich theoretical research of supply-chain information sharing.
Security Research and Measures for the Internet of Things
Authors: Zhou Zhong Wei , Shi Lei
Published: August 2013

With the development of Internet of things, the security has become moreand more important. In order to make clear the internet of things existing security threats, provide a theoretical reference for Internet of things Security and privacy protection, this paper summarizes the internet of things security threat and the measures. According to the Internet of things main system frame, research the perception layer, transport layer and application layer seperately, analysis of the network security needs issues, research networking security model, and discuss the content of network security mechanisms, gives the corresponding safety measures and recommendations for all kinds of security threats.
Efficient Scratchpad Memory Management for Mobile Multimedia Application
Authors: Zuo Ze Yu , Hu Wei , Hu Rui Xin , Xiong Heng , Du Wen Bin , Cai Xiu
Published: August 2013

Mobile devices have been popular in recent years and the proliferation of mobile devices inspires the interest in mobile multimedia applications. However, memory is always the bottleneck in the traditional memory hierarchy. Scratchpad memory (SPM) is a promising on-chip SRAM to solve such problem. It has faster access time and less power-consumption compared to cache and off-chip memory. In this paper, we propose the efficient scratchpad memory management approach for mobile multimedia applications. SPM is partitioned for the assignment of the slices of the applications based on the profiling and the recorded history. Through the use of SPM, the memory footprint of mobile multimedia applications will be reduced for better performance and less power-consumption. The experimental results show that our approach is able to significantly reduce the power consumption and improve the performance of mobile multimedia applications.
Research on the Synthetically Quantitative Evaluation System of Ecological Environment Quality of the Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power Project
Authors: Huang Qing
Published: August 2013

The project quality management is not only modern management engineering is an important component, but also the core of project management, project quality is the root of the project construction, project construction process is to determine the key to success. Water conservancy and hydropower engineering quality management is water conservancy and hydropower engineering supervision engineer control core content. But due to the characteristics of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, but also makes the water conservancy and hydropower engineering quality control are both complicated and arduous task. In water conservancy and hydropower project construction practice, the quality problems still affects the project delivery on schedule and influence the realization of the expected benefits. Although in recent years countries successively formulated the department about the engineering quality of laws and regulations, the administrative departments at all levels of construction have also increased the quality of large project administrative supervision dynamics, but because has not yet set up a scientific system of quality evaluation index system, makes the project quality control lack of reliable data sources and realistic basis. In this paper, we investigate the problems for synthetically quantitative evaluation system of ecological environment quality of the water conservancy and hydroelectric power project with triangular fuzzy linguistic information. We utilize the fuzzy linguistic weighted harmonic mean (FLWHM) operator to aggregate the triangular fuzzy linguistic information corresponding to each alternative and get the overall value of the alternatives, then rank the alternatives and select the most desirable one (s). Finally, an illustrative example is given.
A Research on Real-Time Hand-Detection Technology Oriented to the Somatic Games
Authors: Chen Ren , Li Hui
Published: August 2013

Hand-detection is a key technology to the somatic games. In this paper, we present a real-time hand-detection method based on Adaboost and skin-color characteristic. By processing the video frames with Adaboost classifier, we abstract the target regions which may contain the hand gestures. Then a filter based on skin color is proposed to select the correct regions. The best detection rate reaches above 89% with an acceptable failure rate and misjudgment rate. Experimental results show that this method is a lightweight and rapid approach to implement real-time hand detection in somatic games.
Nano-ZnO Induced Flocculation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Zhou Xu , Ni Ke Feng , Wei Dong Zhi , Ren Yu Hong
Published: August 2013

Herein, we proposed a novel, facile method for flocculation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells via nanoZnO. According to results, the presence of nanoZnO could significantly facilitate the flocculation of the yeast cells without damage the cellular morphology. Notably, the yeast cells flocculated by using nanoZnO displayed certain antibacterial property. Moreover, the cell activity was almost remained after flocculated by this method.
Application of Quantitative Ultrasound in Determination Bone Mineral Density Situation of Children and Adolescents
Authors: Tang Yong Mei , Yang Meng , Shu Chang , Liu Yi , Li Bi
Published: August 2013

Objectives: Use quantitative ultrasound technology to determine the bone density of children and adolescents, understand the status and variation of ultrasonic bone density in children and adolescents.Methods: By stratified random cluster sampling, selected 3629 studenes in five schools in Tangshan and measured height and weight,and determined the right foot heel bone density using ultrasonic bone density analyzer.Results: It showed that the average of ultrasonic bone mineral density were 1535.4±20.6(m/s), decreased at the age of 6 to 9 years old and then increased with the age growth; at the age of 9 was the lowest, the SOS value of ultrasonic bone mineral density rebounded slightly from 10 to 13-year-old, after 13-year-old the SOS value increased with the age growth, the highest was at the age of 19. Ultrasonic bone density was associated with height,weight and body mass index.Conclusions: The development of the bone is a dynamic continuous evolutionary process, bone mineral density presented different rules for the different of age, gender, physical development status.
Isolation and Identification of Halomonas sp. ZSCW-10: A Moderately Halophilic Bacteria Strain with Cellulase Activity
Authors: Chen Wei Qing , Liu Yan Yan
Published: August 2013

A moderately halophilic bacteria strain with cellulase (CMCase) activity, ZSCW-10, which can survive under wide range of NaCl concentration (1 %~15 %, w/v) and pH (4.5~9.0), was isolated from the sediment of intertidal zone located in the Xiangshan Island, Zhejiang Province. The strain was identified based on 16S rDNA sequence determination and phylogenetic analysis together with its morphological and physiological characterization. The results indicated that the 16S rDNA homologies were 97% between strain ZSCW-10 and some strains of Halomonas sp.. The phylogenetic tree was constructed with Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis version 5 (MEGA5), showed the closest relationship between strain ZSCW-10 and Halomonas venusta. Based on its physiological and biochemical properties, homology and phylogenetic analysis, strain ZSCW-10 was identified as a subspecies of Halomonas sp.. The optimum culture conditions were: NaCl 6.0%, 32°C, pH 7.5.
Fetal Electrocardiogram Extraction Based on Modified Robust Independent Component Analysis
Authors: Yao Wen Po , Zhao Jun Chang , Zheng Zheng Zhong , Liu Tie Bing , Liu Hong Xing , Wang Jun
Published: August 2013

Fetal electrocardiogram (FECG) separation gets widely attention due to its clinical significance. In the paper, we proposed an improved robust independent component analysis for fetal ECG separation. Firstly, wavelet decomposition was applied to fetal ECG to get the relevant parameters. Then, the RobustICA was used to separate the mixed signals. Compared to robust independent component analysis, computing speed of the improved algorithm increased by an average of 15 percent while minimum mean square error fluctuations 0.0008, which indicated that this algorithm could be effectively used in clinical fetal ECG monitoring.
A Molecular Dynamics Study of the Cyanobacterial Clock Protein KaiA
Authors: Sen Liu , Pei Dong
Published: August 2013

Regulation of daily physiological functions with a ~24-hour periodicity, or circadian rhythms, exists in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. So far, cyanobacteria are only known prokaryotes proved to have circadian rhythmicity. The circadian system in cyanobacteria comprises a post-translational oscillator (PTO) and a transcriptional/translational feedback loop (TTFL). The PTO comprise of three proteins (KaiA, KaiB, KaiC), and can be reconstituted in vitro with the existence of ATP. Phase of the PTO is associated with the phosphorylation states of KaiC, with KaiA promoting the phosphorylation of KaiC, and KaiB promoting the de-phosphorylation. Here we studied the dynamics of the KaiA protein ofThermosynechococcus elongatus. The result will be helpful in understanding the function of KaiA and its binding with KaiC.
Near-Infrared Emitting Heterobinuclear Zn-Ln (Ln = Nd, Yb, Er,and Gd) Complexes Based on a Novel Asymmetric Schiff-Base Ligand
Authors: Zhao Shun Sheng
Published: August 2013

With the asymmetric Schiff-base zinc complex ZnL (H2L = N-(5-bromo-3-methoxysalicylidene)-N'-(5-(4-cyanophenyl)-3-methoxysalicylidene) phenylene-1,2-diamine) as the precursor, a series of heterobinuclear Zn-Ln complexes [ZnLnL(NO3)3(CH3CN)] (Ln = Nd, 1; Ln = Yb, 2; Ln = Er, 3; Ln = Gd, 4) are synthesized by the further reaction with Ln (NO3)3·6H2O, and characterized by FT-IR, FAB-MS and elementary analysis. Photophysical studies of these complexes show that the strong and characteristic NIR luminescence of Nd3+, Yb3+and Er3+ with emissive lifetimes in the microsecond range has been sensitized from the excited state of the asymmetric Schiff-base ligand due to effective intramolecular energy transfer.
Design on Magnetic Damping Pneumatic Needle Free Syringe with Separate Cylinder and Valve
Authors: Wang Ming Di , Zhong Kang Min , Sun Wan Ping
Published: August 2013

Traditional syringe is using the stainless steel needles to inject the human body, this injection will not only cause pain, but will also cause bleeding in the skin, there is a potential risk of infection, in order to avoid the use of safe risk, needle free injection technology has been the international research hotspot in this field. The important technology of needle free injection is how to achieve drugs jet importing, which need strong drive-force and fast response power systems, so that pulse force will improve the piston of closed drug container to produce transient high pressure to force drugs extruded from micro hole, to form a high-speed jet micro fluidizer, that will penetrate rapidly the skin of the human or animal body to reach the drug absorption best parts. The existing power system is can be roughly divided into three types technically: compressed gas, fuel and hard spring. Traditional compressed gas law need to be equipped with a high-pressure gas storage and air compression device, which is bulky, expensive, energy-intensive and time-consuming, so it is very inconvenient to use. Similar with rocket technology, detonation fuel can provide enough thrust powerful to generate shock waves, but potentially dangerous and unstable factors are indeed worrying. Hard spring as power system is simpler than the above two kind of method, but it is a little difficult to operate. As a solution, adding the effect of permanent magnetic damping, a pneumatic needle free syringe successfully designed with high efficiency, low labor intensity, easy to operate, a slight noise, and adjustable injection force, which is facilitate to the use of clinical staff, and has a very good market prospects.
Simulation of the Global Response of Welded Joint Using Digital Image Correlation Measurement
Authors: He Chao , Cui Shi Ming , Wu Yan Zeng , Luo Ze Fu , Wang Qing Yuan
Published: August 2013

The effect of the mechanical heterogeneity on the global and local tensile properties of laser-arc hybrid welded joints in industrial pure aluminum has been investigated. Digital image correlation method has been used during tensile test for mapping the strain distribution and to determine the local stress-strain curves of FZ and HAZ. The tensile properties of the various regions are very heterogeneous and HAZ is the weakest region because of the strain localizes during tensile test. Finite element technique was used to model the global response of welded joint based on local constitutive properties which could be determined from DIC results.
Influence of Intumescent Flame Retardant on Flammability and Tensile Behavior of Oil-Extended SEBS
Authors: Li Xiao Yan , Li Yan Chun , Shi Chen Jie , Cai Si Si , Wang Xia , Fan Fan , Li Ao
Published: August 2013

A kind of intumescent flame retardant (IFR) were used for flame retarding of oil-extended hydrogenated styrene-butylenes-styrene (O-SEBS). The samples were systemically characterized by limited oxygen index (LOI), vertical burning test (UL-94), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM); Thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. The results showed that the IFR retardant can promote residual chars with multi-micro holes on the surface of SEBS to inhibit flame; with 45% IFR content, the LOI is 28.3 and flame retardant level is UL-94 classification of V-0, with no dripping. The morphological structures observed by SEM demonstrated that higher IFR content promote to form larger and compact films cover on bubbles of the intumescent char layer. The TG data revealed that the IFR could change the degradation behavior of the O-SEBS, enhance the thermal stability and increase the char residue, The tensile strength of all the O-SEBS/IFR blends had the tensile strength of more than 4MPa and the elongation of more than 850%.
Polyethylene Glycol and Polyethylene Glycol/Hydroxyapatite Constructs Produced through Stereo-Thermal Lithography
Authors: Patrício Tatiana , Pereira Rúben , Oliveira Luís , Bártolo Paulo
Published: August 2013

Stereo-thermal lithography (STLG) is an innovative system that uses ultraviolet (UV) radiation and near-infrared (IR) radiation simultaneously to initiate the curing reaction in a liquid solution, containing both UV and IR photoinitiator. In this research work, poly (ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (PEGDMA) and PEGDMA/hydroxyapatite (HA) constructs were produced using the STLG system, operating in the UV mode, and characterised regarding the morphology and water absorption properties. Constructs were produced with different geometries and shapes by introducing several variations in the processing parameters, such as the irradiation time and the layer thickness. Results show the ability of the system to produce constructs at the micro-scale with very good definition and resolution. The irradiation time is the critical processing parameter, strongly affecting the water absorption and the structural integrity of the constructs.
The PTCR Effect Induced by Grain Boundary Segregation in Acceptor
Authors: Fang Chao , Chen Liang Yan
Published: August 2013

The conductive properties of donor doped BaTiO3 semiconductor ceramic was studied with a quantitative model in this paper. Considering the influence of acceptor grain boundary segregation, a differential equation of electron level was established. According to a four order Runge-Kutta formula, the energy level of the grain boundary barrier was obtained at different temperatures numerically. Further, the PTCR effect of BaTiO3 semiconductive ceramics was calculated.
Thermodynamic Performance Characteristics of a Regenerative Brayton Refrigeration Cycle Using Gd0.45Tb0.55 and Gd as the Working Substance
Authors: Su Shan He , Xu Zhi Chao , Lin Guo Xing , Diguet Gildas , Chen Jin Can
Published: August 2013

Based on experimental characteristics of the iso-field heat capacity of the working substances Gd0.45Tb0.55 and Gd, the magnetic entropy change with temperature is calculated. The regenerative Brayton refrigeration cycles employing these materials as the working substances are established. By means of thermodynamic analysis and numerical calculation, the effects of the non-perfect regeneration on the performance characteristics of the refrigeration cycles are revealed. Furthermore, the cyclic performances employing Gd0.45Tb0.55 and Gd as the working substances are evaluated and compared. The results obtained may provide some useful information for the optimal design of the room temperature magnetic refrigerators.
Effect of the Conduction Type of Si (111) Substrates on the Performance of GaN MQW LED Epitaxial Films
Authors: Zheng Chang Da , Mo Chun Lan , Fang Wen Qing , Jiang Feng Yi
Published: August 2013

The present paper prepared a structural epitaxial film of gallium nitride multiple-quantum-well (GaN MQW) blue light-emitting diode (LED) on Si (111) substrates with different conduction types using the metal-organic chemical vapor deposition method. The method prevented the interdiffusion of GaN and Si to achieve high-quality film growth by introducing aluminium nitride (AlN)-interposed layer and rich-Gallium GaN layer with low V/III ratio double buffer layers. Surface analysis shows that the GaN LED epitaxial film on the Si (111) substrate with different conduction types presented an entirely different appearance. The surface roughness of all the samples was less than 3 nm. A much smoother surface of the epitaxial film on the N-type substrate had less roughness, whereas a layered stack surface of the epitaxial film on the P-type substrate had larger surface roughness. The full width at half maximum of the XRD Omega rocking curve with (002) and (102) planes of GaN film grown on the N-type substrate was less than that of the GaN film on the P-type substrate. Furthermore, the film was superior to the samples on the P-type substrate in terms of crystal quality. There was little difference in the peak position of the PL of the epitaxial film on the N-type substrate, but the peak position of the PL of the epitaxial film on the P-type substrate was long and had a large half-peak width. The tensile stress of the GaN film on the P-type substrate was higher. The above results show that the N-type Si (111) substrate with high resistivity is more suitable for the growth of GaN MQW LED epitaxial film.
Study on Pore Structure of Multi-Layered Spunbonded Nonwovens
Authors: Zhu Chen Yan , Ying Wei Wei , Zhan Xiao Fang , Lei Xin
Published: August 2013

In this study, three kinds of single-layered spunbonded nonwovens with different specifications were prepared as materials. The relation between layer number and pore structure (morphology characteristics, pore size and pore distribution, and Solid Volume Fraction) was studied. The results show that mean pore size decreases as layer number increases and the degree tends to be gentle. But the change law of maximum pore size is not obvious. Furthermore, pore size distribution of single-layered or two-layered nonwovens is concentrated and further increase in layer number doesnt have obvious effects on it . Air permeability reduces when the layer number increases and the variation trend accords with that of mean pore size.
Effect of Mn Doping on Structural and Optical Properties of ZnO Thin Films Prepared on Glass Substrates by Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Liu Peng , Shen Qiu Ying , Hu Hong , Yang Bin
Published: August 2013

Thin films of Zn1-xMnxO (x = 0.00, 0.03, 0.07, 0.10) were prepared onto glass substrates by sol-gel spin-coating technique. The structural, morphologic and optical properties of these samples were studied respectively. The XRD patterns show the thin films are all polycrystalline with hexagonal wurtzite structure and no preferred orientation. With the increase of Mn doping, the c-axis lattice constants of the samples shift towards higher values until the doping concentration reaches up to 7%. This indicates that Mn2+ substituted for Zn2+ of ZnO host. Moreover, the grain size decreases gradually with the increase of Mn doping content. The AFM results indicate surface roughness increases with the increase of Mn doping level. The photoluminescence spectra reveal Mn doping causes a blue shift of the UV peak. The intensity of UV emission peaks increases at the beginning and then decreases with the increase of Mn doping content.
Phase Transition of GeSbTe Thin Films Induced by Thermal Treatment and Laser Irradiation
Authors: Chen Jing , Yang Fei , Xu Ling , Tong Liang , Xu Jun , Su Wei Ning , Yu Yao , Ma Zhong Yuan
Published: August 2013

GeSbTe (GST) thin films were deposited on Si substrates using electron beam evaporation system and then annealed in nitrogen atmosphere at different temperatures. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) measurements were used to characterize as-deposited and annealed films. Annealing treatment was found to induce changes in microstructure, surface roughness, grain size and so on, indicating that with the increase of annealing temperature, the amorphous state of GST materials change first to face-centered-cubic (fcc) phase state and finally to the stable hexagonal (hex) state. Amorphous Ge1Sb2Te4 film will crystallize under laser irradiation. With increasing irradiation time or irradiation power, the degree of crystallization increases. The Raman spectra of thin film shows three peaks after laser irradiation, the peaks can be attributed to the key vibrations which were caused by crystallization. With the irradiation time increases, the peaks shift.
Study of Thermodynamic Properties of Superhard w-BC2N
Authors: Ding Ai Ling , Li Feng , Li Chun Mei , Ao Jing , Chen Zhi Qian
Published: August 2013

We investigate the thermodynamic properties of superhard w-BC2N by using ab initio plane-wave pseudopotential density functional theory method within local density approximation (LDA). Through the quasi-harmonic Debye model, we investigate the thermodynamic properties of w-BC2N. The variation of the thermal expansion, the heat capacity and the Gruneisen parameter γ with pressure P and temperature T, and many other thermodynamic parameters of w-BC2N are obtained systematically.
Study of the Acoustical Mechanism of Nonwovens by Rank Method
Authors: Yang Shu
Published: August 2013

Air permeability and acoustical behavior of nonwovens are two properties which are correlated with each other. And both are determined by the structural parameters of nonwovens. However, the structure of nonwovens is nonlinear, and the influences of parameters are out-of-order, that traditional methods can hardly characterize it. In this paper, the rank method is implemented to investigate the influence of structural parameters on acoustical property. Thus the mechanism of acoustical property of nonwovens is studied.
High Temperature Proton Conductors Resarch and Application
Authors: Zhao Hai Yan , Wu Yin Lin , Li Ying , Bi Chun Bo
Published: August 2013

The definition and conduction mechanism of high temperature proton conductors is reviewed, its application in prepare hydrogen, fuel cells, chemical sensors, chemical reactors, the homogeneous catalysts are also discussed.
Catalytic Synthesis of Benzyl Acetate by Anion Exchange Resin Supported Waugh-Type (NH4)6[MnMo9O32] • 8H2O
Authors: Liu Shu Heng , Wang Li Xia , Guo Lin Lin , Yuan Hua , Yang Feng Zhen
Published: August 2013

Take Waugh-Type (NH4)6[MnMo9O32]8H2O absorbed on anion exchange resin and prepared supported solid catalyst. The properties of the catalyst were studied through the synthesis of benzyl acetate. The appropriate reaction conditions were obtained by orthogonal test: mole ratio of acetic acid to benzyl alcohol was 2.5:1.0, the catalyst dosage was 0.4g, the water carrying agent toluene dosage was 2.5ml, reaction time was 150min, esterification yield was 95.4%. The catalyst are high catalytic activity and non-polluting, and could be reused.
Plant Treatments of EAF Slag for its Use as Construction Materials
Authors: Yang Qi Xing , Haase Björn , Han Feng Lan , Xu An Jun , Engström Fredrik , Li Jian Li , Björkman Bo
Published: August 2013

At the steel plant of Höganäs Sweden AB, different steel grades were produced using an Electric Arc Furnaces (EAF). The slag tapped by the EAF often disintegrated during cooling. Slag fines from the disintegration are difficult to handle and to use as materials in construction. The plant tests of EAF slag treatments using stabilizer MCP-F of high P2O5 content were thus conducted, with 1st and 2nd campaign adding 10 and 20 kg MCP-F/ton slag, respectively. The MCP-F addition in slag pots and other test operations were carried out smoothly, without impacting the EAF steel production. Rates P2O5 recovery in the EAF slag were lower in some test heats. Studies may thus be carried out in future to increase the P2O5 recovery from MCP-F, hence, achieving a higher efficiency of stabilization treatments for the slag from the EAF plant.
Comparation of Cu-Co-Mn Mixed Oxides and Hopcalite as Support in Synthesis of Diphenyl Carbonate by Oxidative Carbonylation of Phenol
Authors: Guo Hong Xia , Lü Jing De , Wu Hui Qiang , Xiao Shu Juan , Han Jie
Published: August 2013

The difference of Cu-Co-Mn mixed oxides and hopcalite as support in synthesis of diphenyl carbonate by oxidative carbonylation of phenol was studied. The catalysts were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray power diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results show that the average particle diameter of the former catalyst is about 40 nm, whereas the other catalyst is about 0.5 μm. The main crystal phase in the former catalyst is Co2MnO4 and Pd0.5Pd3O4, which in the latter catalyst is CuMn2O4, CoMn2O4 and Pd0.5Pd3O4.The oxygen atoms lose electrons and form oxygen vacancies in.Pd0.5Pd3O4 and Co2MnO4 of the former catalyst, which destroys the crystal integrity and prompts the oxygen adsorption on the crystal surface. The oxygen atoms lose electrons and form oxygen vacancies in.Pd0.5Pd3O4 of the latter catalyst. Finally, it was found that the difference of the yield and selectivity of the both catalysts was not remarkable.
Solvothermal Synthesis of Carboxyl Functionalized Mesoporous Resins in Microfludic Chip for Water Treatments
Authors: Huang Bai Lling , Ren Lin , Zhao Jia , Liu Lei Shi
Published: August 2013

Nanoporous materials with organic frameworks (3PDVB/MA-1) have been successfully synthesized in the microchannel through solvothermal polymerization of divinylbenzene and methacrylic acid in the presence of tetrahydrofuran. The material has (3PDVB/MA-1) disordered mesopores with uniform pore size (~50 nm) and high BET surface area (415 m2g-1). In the adsorption of heavy metal cations Co2+ in wastewater, the mesoporous resins exhibit superior performances, and thus have great potential in water treatments.
Effect of Gelatin on Secondary Structure, Crystallinity and Swelling Behavior of Silk Fibroin - Gelatin Hydrogels and its Application in Controlled Release of Nitrogen
Authors: Rattanamanee Atcharaporn , Niamsup Hataichanoke , Srisombat La-Ongnuan , Watanesk Ruangsri , Watanesk Surasak
Published: August 2013

Utilization of natural polymer as biodegradable matrix for the controlled releasing fertilizer can improve the performance of the materials and make them environmentally friendly. In this work, the effect of gelatin on the properties of hydrogels was investigated. The silk fibroin (SF)-gelatin hydrogels were prepared by solvent casting and β-crystallization of SF was promoted via methanol treatment. The secondary structure and the crystallinity of the blended hydrogels were investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), respectively. Moreover, the swelling ratio of the hydrogels and also their kinetics of nitrogen (N) release were also studied. Results from the FT-IR confirmed that no intermolecular interactions had taken place between SF and gelatin. Furthermore, the increase of gelatin content in the blended hydrogels caused the decrease of the SF crystallinity detected by XRD which corresponded to the swelling behavior of the hydrogel. The release rate of nitrogen (N) depends on the composition of SF and gelatin of which its value of diffusion exponent characteristics (n) determined from the Korsmeyer-Peppas model for all of the hydrogels are smaller than 0.5. This indicates that the release of N from the hydrogels is a quasi-Fickian diffusion. Moreover, the release rate (k) and diffusion coefficient (D) of the SF-gelatin hydrogels are lower than those of the SF itself indicating a potential to use the SF-gelatin hydrogel for nitrogen controlled release application.