bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Soaring migrants flexibly respond to sea-breeze in a migratory bottleneck: using first derivatives to identify behavioural adjustments over time
Authors: Becciu Paolo , Troupin David , Dinevich Leonid , Leshem Yossi , Sapir Nir
Published: July 2023

Background

Millions of birds travel every year between Europe and Africa detouring ecological barriers and funnelling through migratory corridors where they face variable weather conditions. Little is known regarding the response of migrating birds to mesoscale meteorological processes during flight. Specifically, sea-breeze has a daily cycle that may directly influence the flight of diurnal migrants.

Methods

We collected radar tracks of soaring migrants using modified weather radar in Latrun, central Israel, in 7 autumns between 2005 and 2016. We investigated how migrating soaring birds adjusted their flight speed and direction under the effects of daily sea-breeze circulation. We analysed the effects of wind on bird groundspeed, airspeed and the lateral component of the airspeed as a function of time of day using Generalized Additive Mixed Models. To identify when birds adjusted their response to the wind over time, we estimated first derivatives.

Results

Using data collected during a total of 148 days, we characterised the diel dynamics of horizontal wind flow relative to the migration goal, finding a consistent rotational movement of the wind blowing towards the East (morning) and to the South-East (late afternoon), with highest crosswind speed around mid-day and increasing tailwinds towards late afternoon. Airspeed of radar detected birds decreased consistently with increasing tailwind and decreasing crosswinds from early afternoon, resulting in rather stable groundspeed of 16–17 m/s. In addition, birds fully compensated for lateral drift when crosswinds were at their maximum and slightly drifted with the wind when crosswinds decreased and tailwinds became more intense.

Conclusions

Using a simple and broadly applicable statistical method, we studied how wind influences bird flight through speed adjustments over time, providing new insights regarding the flexible behavioural responses of soaring birds to wind conditions. These adjustments allowed the birds to compensate for lateral drift under crosswind and reduced their airspeed under tailwind. Our work enhances our understanding of how migrating birds respond to changing wind conditions during their long-distance journeys through migratory corridors.
Acoustic accelerometer transmitters and their growing relevance to aquatic science
Authors: Lennox Robert J. , Eldøy Sindre H. , Dahlmo Lotte S. , Matley Jordan K. , Vollset Knut Wiik
Published: July 2023

There has recently been great interest in the use of accelerometers onboard electronic transmitters to characterise various aspects of the ecology of wild animals. We review use cases and outline how these tools can provide opportunities for studying activity and survival, exercise physiology of wild animals, the response to stressors, energy landscapes and conservation planning tools, and the means with which to identify behaviours remotely from transmitted data. Accelerometer transmitters typically send data summaries to receivers at fixed intervals after filtering out static acceleration and calculating root-mean square error or overall dynamic body action of 2- or 3-axis acceleration values (often at 5–12.5 Hz) from dynamic acceleration onboard the tag. Despite the popularity of these transmitters among aquatic ecologists, we note that there is wide variation in the sampling frequencies and windows used among studies that will potentially affect the ability to make comparisons in the future. Accelerometer transmitters will likely become increasingly popular tools for studying finer scale details about cryptic species that are difficult to recapture and hence not suitable for studies using data loggers. We anticipate that there will continue to be opportunities to adopt methods used for analysing data from loggers to datasets generated from acceleration transmitters, to generate new knowledge about the ecology of aquatic animals.
Effect of grain size on amorphization mechanism and kinetics of bridgmanite in shocked meteorites
Authors: Nishi Masayuki , Jin Si , Kawano Katsutoshi , Kuwahara Hideharu , Yamada Akihiro , Kawaguchi Shogo , Mori Yuki , Sakaiya Tatsuhiro , Kondo Tadashi
Published: July 2023

Bridgmanite formation and amorphization in shocked meteorites constrain the pressure and temperature conditions during planetary impact. However, the effect of the bridgmanite grain size on its amorphization kinetics is still unclear. Here, the amorphization mechanism and kinetics of fine-grained polycrystalline bridgmanite were studied at high temperatures up to 1080 K. High-temperature time-resolved synchrotron X-ray diffraction measurements showed that significant volume expansion due to temperature-induced amorphization caused static stress, which then hindered amorphization progress. Further, the temperature required for the amorphization of fine-grained bridgmanite (~ 1 μm) was found to be approximately 100 K higher than that required for the amorphization of coarse-grained samples (> 10 μm). We also noted that amorphization preferentially commenced at the twin planes and subgrain boundaries of bridgmanite grains, resulting in lower amorphization temperatures for the coarse-grained samples. The limited number of such specific locations in fine-grained natural bridgmanite suggested that grain boundary amorphization may be the dominant mechanism for bridgmanite amorphization in shocked meteorites. This unique amorphization kinetics would support the preservation of bridgmanite during the post-shock annealing in the shocked meteorite. Although bridgmanite amorphization starts easily at temperatures above ~ 420 K, a small amount of bridgmanite grains can survive at temperatures above 800 K by the effect of amorphization-induced stress.
Psychiatry in Qatar
Authors: Mohammed Mohammed , Makki Ibrahim , Ghuloum Suhaila
Published: July 2023

The first article written about psychiatric services in Qatar was published in BJPsych International in 2006. Since then, the health system in Qatar has undergone significant transformation in the areas of service delivery, research and education. International accreditations are sought in all these fields to emphasise the standard achieved. In this article, we follow up on the mental health services currently available in Qatar, their strengths and the associated challenges.
Study of power-law activity distributions in a spiking neural network model
Authors: Cho Myoung Won , Choi M. Y.
Published: July 2023

Neuronal avalanches are cascades of bursts of activity observed primarily in the superficial cortical layers, the distribution of which fits a power law well. Motivated by the observation, we study how a power-law activity distribution emerges in a spiking neural network model. Specifically, we clarify the fundamentals of the phenomenon by applying a general theory of scale-free behavior, introduced to explain the power-law degree distribution in a brain network, and disclose that two kinds of fluctuations in spiking dynamics serve as the essential mechanism for the phenomenon. It is shown that the scale-free behavior arises from a Markov process or a Fokker-Planck diffusion in one dimension and how the power-law exponent of the activity distribution is determined depending on several factors, including the time bin. Finally, we also explain the scale-free behavior observed in the statistics of activity lifetimes.
State Capacity and COVID-19: Targeted versus Population-Wide Restrictions
Authors: Chae Seung Hoon
Published: July 2023

Context: During the COVID-19 pandemic, governments varied in their implementation of social distancing rules. Some governments were able to target their social distancing requirements toward specific segments of the population, whereas others had to resort to more indiscriminate applications. This article will argue that state capacity crucially affected the manner in which social distancing rules were applied.

Methods: Using data from the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker, the author performed a series of ordered logistic regressions to examine whether state capacity increased the likelihood of more targeted applications of each social distancing rule.

Findings: Given the same level of infectivity, more capable states were indeed more likely to resort to targeted applications of each social distancing restriction. Interestingly, the size of state capacity's effect varied by the type of restriction. State capacity had a stronger influence on face-covering requirements and private-gathering restrictions than it had on school closures, workplace closures, and stay-at-home orders.

Conclusions: The way in which social distancing rules are applied is endogenous to state capacity. Effective governance is a precursor to more targeted and nuanced applications of social distancing rules.
Toward a Theory of Nonhuman Species-Being
Authors: Fair Hannah , McMullen Matthew
Published: July 2023

This provocation asks what it could mean to recuperate the concept of species-being from its anthropocentric origins and expand it beyond the human by placing an emergent nonhuman labor literature in dialogue with recent rearticulations of Marx’s work on alienation. There is increasing interest in different modes of nonhuman labor, recognizing how animals are put to work to produce value for capitalism. This provocation advances these debates by asking: If nonhuman animals can be recognized as laboring, and as alienated laborers, can they, like humans, be alienated not just from the activities and products of their labor, but from their species-being? What would it mean to recognize forms of nonhuman species-being in which animals engage in world-making practices on their own terms? Could this reify the bounded notion of species or encourage a recourse to nature as a moral authority? And at a time of significant anthropogenic environmental transformation, are some modes of nonhuman species-being permanently foreclosed? This article explores these questions, tentatively working toward a theory of nonhuman species-being, considering its possibilities and political affordances.
The Value of a Headless Pear Shape in Percutaneous Balloon Compression for Trigeminal Neuralgia
Authors: Hu Shaozhen , Huang Zhengnan , Wang Haolin , Chen Kui , Xia Lei , Dou Ningning , Zhong Jun
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Percutaneous balloon compression (PBC) has been regarded as a simple and effective remedy for trigeminal neuralgia. This study aims to retrospectively analyze the correlation between intraoperative balloon shapes and postoperative outcomes.

METHOD:

Those consecutive PBC cases performed in our department between 2019 and 2022 were reviewed. According to the intraoperative balloon figures, they were cataloged as headless pear, slim pear, bottle gourd, and winter melon groups. The degree of pain or numbness was quantified using the visual analog scale. Those pain-free or pain score <3 and satisfied by the patient were called effective, and those numb score >3 were taken into account of numbness incidence.

RESULTS:

Except for missing cases, 160 were finally recruited in this study with a mean follow-up for 23.6 ± 12.8 months. Postoperatively, the pain score plunged from 8.8 ± 1.0 to 0.8 ± 2.0 immediately, which rose slightly over time and maintained at 2.4 ± 3.1. The maximal pain score drop occurred in the headless pear group (P < .001) and the minimal in the winter melon group (P < .001). The early efficacy of PBC was 100%, 84.1%, 91.4%, and 50.0%, respectively. However, the long-term efficacy was 88.2%, 75.0%, 82.1% and 25.0%. The ipsilateral numbness occurred in most of the cases immediately after PBC with a score of 3.5 ± 2.3, which decreased significantly within 3 months to 2.3 ± 2.0 and turned to 1.7 ± 1.8 finally (P < .05). The highest and lowest numb score appeared in bottle gourd and winter melon groups, respectively (P < .05).

CONCLUSION:

A headless pear shape emerged in lateral fluoroscopy as the balloon was fully inflated indicates that the entire Meckel cave is suffused, and hence, the anterior semilunar ganglion has been solidly compressed, which may lead to a successful outcome.
Non-Classical Molecular Activation by Phosphines and N-Heterocyclic Carbenes and Its Application to Catalytic Reactions
Authors: Fujimoto Hayato , Yasui Kosuke , Tobisu Mamoru
Published: July 2023

This Award Account reports our recent studies concerning the catalytic transformations that involve a non-classical mode of molecular activation by tertiary phosphines and N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs). Regarding organophosphine catalysis, we successfully designed reactions based on a P(III)/P(V) redox couple. A catalytic protocol for generating pentacoordinate P(V) species was devised by the reaction of tertiary phosphines, acyl fluorides and alkynoates. The ability of the thus generated fluorophosphoranes to participate in ligand coupling and ligand metathesis with organosilicon nucleophiles enables synthetic transformations that are otherwise unattainable, including the intermolecular carbofluorination of alkynes and the hydroalkenylation of enol ethers. Regarding nucleophilic NHC catalysis, the use of imidazolium-based NHCs can generate deoxy-Breslow intermediates that are sufficiently nucleophilic to promote the aromatic substitution of aryl halides, aryl ethers and anilides. The protocol can also be used for the nucleophilic activation of styrene derivatives, allowing for the generation of a series of ylide intermediates that can serve as non-stabilized vinyl anion equivalents. These results demonstrate that synthetic transformations involving non-stabilized carbanions can be conducted under catalytic conditions without the use of strong organometallic nucleophiles.
Verifi cation of Compliance with Laws and Regulations During the Audit
Authors: Egorova I.
Published: July 2023

It is important when forming an auditor’s opinion in accordance with ISA 250 (revised) «Consideration of laws and regulations during the audit of financial statements» to assess compliance with the legal framework for the functioning of the audited entity in terms of their impact on the reliability of accounting (financial) statements. In this regard, the article discusses the problems of the implementation of audit procedures in this direction by considering the classification of laws and regulations according to their degree of influence on the essential indicators of accounting (financial) statements, as well as the formation of working documents to identify their actual and possible non-compliance.
Professional Education in Auditing and Related Activities in the New Economic Conditions
Authors: Kazakova Nataliya
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Th e article substantiates the importance of forming a professional partnership to ensure eff ective training and qualifi cation certifi cation of personnel in audit and related areas of activity, among which the following are identifi ed as pilot ones: business analysis, preparation of non-fi nancial reporting, audit of sustainable development, fi nancial and risk management. Th e prerequisites were sanctions from unfriendly countries on international educational services, which until 2022 occupied a key niche in the professional development of young people, as well as ESG-transformation of businesses and modification of professions as a result of the complication of business models and business processes of companies, including the impact of informatization and big data technologies.
License to Layoff? Unemployment Insurance and the Moral Cost of Layoffs
Authors: Keum Dongil Daniel , Meier Stephan
Published: July 2023

This study presents moral cost as a novel behavioral constraint on firm resource adjustment, specifically layoff decisions that can cause severe harm to employees. Revising the prevailing negative view of managers as purely self-interested, we propose that managers care about their employees and incur moral cost from layoffs. We leverage expansions in unemployment insurance as a quasi-natural experiment that reduces economic hardship for laid-off workers and, in turn, the moral cost of layoffs to managers. We find that these expansions license larger layoffs. The effects are stronger for chief executive officers (CEOs) with stronger prosocial preferences who dismiss fewer workers despite low performance, such as non-Republican, internally promoted, small town, or family firm CEOs, and weaker for CEOs who lack the discretion to avoid moral cost due to shareholder or financial pressures. Our findings suggest that the role of moral cost is substantial but also highly heterogeneous and readily suppressed by external pressures.

Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2022.16734 .
Investigating the Resistance Expression Method of Wood Resistance Drill Instruments
Authors: Yao Jianfeng , Lu Jun , Ding Xilong
Published: July 2023

Wood density is an important attribute that is positively correlated with many wood quality parameters. How to express wood density with drill resistance is a challenge. In this study, we determined the optimal resistance expression using the current, voltage, and power of the DC (Direct-Current) motor. Nine wood blocks crossing over the pith, with widths and heights of 2 cm and 5 cm, respectively, were obtained from three larch (Larix spp.) trees. The microdensity of each wood block at every 0.1-mm length was measured, and the average current, voltage, and power of the DC motor was recorded when the drill fed forward at every 0.1 mm by a self-manufactured resistance drill. The drill path was parallel to the lengthwise direction of the block. The linear models between the current, voltage, and power of the DC motor and wood microdensity were subsequently established, and the model with the highest R2adj was selected to express the resistance. The adjusted R2adj of the forward stepwise regression models between the current, voltage, and power of the DC motor and wood microdensity were determined as 0.2943. This suggests that the drilling needle resistance expressed with the current, voltage, and power or other combination may be optimal.
Microsphere-assisted Hybrid Spectroscopic Reflectometry Using Hyperspectral Imaging for Nanospot 3D Semiconductor Metrology
Authors: Kwon Soonyang , Park Jangryul , Choi Youngsun , Kim Kwangrak , Kim Jiwoong , Lee Youngjun , Lee Myungjun , Choi Changhun
Published: July 2023

We first demonstrate a microsphere-assisted spectroscopic reflectometry technique using hyperspectral imaging geometry, resulting in the extremely small spot measurement with the maximized throughput. The proposed technique is suitable for the measurement of complex semiconductor devices.
Single-mode Distributed Feedback Lasers for85Rb Two-Photon Quantum Technology Systems
Authors: Di Gaetano Eugenio , Keliehor Brendan , Griffin Paul , Sorel Marc , Riis Erling , Paul Douglas J.
Published: July 2023

Distributed feedback lasers at 778.1 nm wavelength demonstrate 48 mW output, 20.5º vertical divergence, –150 dBc/Hz intensity noise, and 3.67 kHz Lorentzian linewidth. Such devices successfully resolved the 85Rb two-photon hyperfine levels in free-running conditions.
Mid-Infrared Waveguides and Beamsplitters inside IG2 Inscribed by a Femtosecond Laser
Authors: Gebremichael Wendwesen , Oliwa Derek , Hu Wei , Dorrer Christophe , Qiao Jie
Published: July 2023

We report the ultrafast laser inscription of waveguides inside the chalcogenide glass IG2 for mid-infrared operation. A 1×4 beamsplitter with excellent splitting-ratio uniformity is demonstrated at 4.55-µm.
Low-altitude Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Detection and Localization based on Distributed Acoustic Sensing
Authors: Chen Junfeng , Li Hao , Shi Zhengxuan , Xiao Xiangpeng , Fan Cunzheng , Yan Zhijun , Sun Qizhen
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate a low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle detection method based on distributed acoustic sensing, in which the localization estimation is achieved assisted with time difference of arrival algorithm in the field test.
Pipeline Two-phase Flow Sand Concentration Monitoring based on Distributed Acoustic Sensing
Authors: Yan Baoqiang , Zhang Keqing , Xiao Xiangpeng , Fan Cunzheng , Li Hao , Yan Zhijun , Sun Qizhen
Published: July 2023

A non-invasive online method for pipeline sand connection detection based on dynamic peak-seeking is proposed and demonstrated. The test results show that the proposed method can identify the minimum sand concentration as low as 0.02%.
Distributed dynamic strain measurement with high accuracy and high spatial resolution based on DPP-BOTDA
Authors: Zhang Hailiang , Dong Hui , Hu Dora Juan Juan , Hao Jianzhong
Published: July 2023

We present 5 Hz dynamic strain measurement with a spatial resolution of 5 cm and accuracy of 5 µɛ in a 100-m-long polarization maintaining fiber by using DPP-BOTDA. The strain range is about 2000 µɛ.
Serving Verifiable, Device-Independent Randomness to the Public
Authors: Kavuri Gautam A. , Palfree Jasper , Zhang Yanbao , Bienfang Joshua C. , Mitchell Morgan W. , Mazurek Michael D. , Stevens Martin J. , Knill Emanuel , Mirin Richard P. , Nam Sae Woo , Shalm Lynden K.
Published: July 2023

Device-independent random number generators can be certified unhackable simply by the impossibility of superluminal signaling. We demonstrate a novel protocol to transparently operationalize this security through a public randomness beacon service.
High-secure and Wide-range Access Networks Based on Asymmetric Sending-or-not-sending Quantum Key Distribution over Multicore Fiber
Authors: Gao Yaoxian , Sun Yongmei , Kong Weiwen , Zhao Yongli , Ji Yuefeng
Published: July 2023

We design a high-secure and wide-range access network combining asymmetric sending-or-not-sending quantum key distribution over multicore fiber. Channel allocation schemes are proposed to balance overall performance and fairness among optical network units.
Drone-Based Quantum Key Distribution
Authors: Cochran Roderick D. , Conrad Andrew , Isaac Samantha , Sanchez-Rosales Daniel , Javid Timur , Kwiat Paul , Gauthier Daniel J.
Published: July 2023

Quantum networks between mobile platforms enable secure communication, distributed quantum sensors, and quantum computing networks. Here we present data from a quantum key distribution system between two aerial drones separated by 10 m.
High-concentration F-doped ZnO thin films prepared via femtosecond-laser hyperdoping
Authors: Liu Yaoyao , Jiang Xinda , Wu Qiang , Yao Jianghong , Xu Jingjun
Published: July 2023

High-concentration F-doped ZnO thin films with an atomic dopant percentage of 8.3 at.% were prepared for the first time using the femtosecond-laser hyperdoping technique.
Transverse Force Sensing for Large-scale Array Applications Based on Mode Coupling in FMF
Authors: Zhang Jiarui , Jia Junchi , Qiao Gang , Cheng Ruiting , Zuo Mingqing , Chen Zhangyuan , He Yongqi , Li Juhao
Published: July 2023

We propose a transverse force sensing scheme for large-scale array applications based on linearly-polarized mode coupling in few-mode fibers, and experimentally demonstrate the feasibility for human sleeping postures monitoring with 16-cm spatial resolution.
Modulated temperature sensitivity based on silicon ring resonators with titanium dioxide cladding
Authors: You Minmin , Xiantao Zhu , Liu Jingquan
Published: July 2023

We investigated the temperature dependence of silicon ring resonators deposited TiO2 cladding. It was experimentally demonstrated that temperature sensitivity can be greatly modulated from 7.68 pm/K to 51.95 pm/K by varying width of waveguide from 330 nm to 390 nm.
A Single-Photon Dictionary to Support the Emerging Quantum Industry
Authors: Bienfang Joshua C. , Gerrits Thomas , Kuo Paulina S. , Migdall Alan L. , Polyakov Sergey , Slattery Oliver
Published: July 2023

We present definitions of terms relevant to single-photon sources and detectors designed to foster a common language and promote clarity and understanding, support commercialization and device specifications, and facilitate the development of single-photon quantum technologies.
Mirrored-Twin Rectangular SRR Based Metamaterial for Improving Signal-To-Noise Ratio of 1.5T MRI
Authors: Das Priyanka , Gupta Jegyasu , Sikdar Debabrata , Bhattacharjee Ratnajit
Published: July 2023

We designed a mirrored-twin split-ring-resonator (SRR) based metamaterial for magnetic field enhancement in 1.5T MRI. Simulation estimates a twenty-five-fold enhancement in magnetic field which would lead to a significant boost of signal-to-noise-ratio of scanned images.
Micro-Raman Spectroscopy Identification of Hydroxyapatite in Dental Pulp Stem Cells
Authors: Silva Flavia R. O. , Pascoal Diego R. C. , Bereczki Allan , Sipert Carla R. , Braga Roberto R. , Bellini Maria H. , Silva Luis F. T. , Freitas Anderson Z. , Wetter Niklaus U.
Published: July 2023

Cell differentiation using calcium phosphate nanoparticles was studied. The hydroxyapatite was internalized in human dental pulp stem cells and characterized by Raman spectroscopy. Raman spectra showed the hydroxyapatite distribution in nanoparticles nodules in the cells.
Ultrafast ablation dynamics study of single crystal CaF2 using a Multi-channel Ultrabroadband probe
Authors: Twardowski Justin , Kuz Conrad , Clink Liam , Sherlock Blaise , Fisher Adam , DeAngelis Emma , Noor Mohamed Yaseen , Chowdhury Enam
Published: July 2023

Ultrafast laser damage dynamics of CaF2 in a single-shot (1030 nm, 77fs) is captured using a spectrally-broadened chirped-probe to investigate temporal changes over 1.10 ps range, and a delay up to 5,500 PS.
Hypothermal optothermal tweezers for versatile manipulation of colloids in native solutions
Authors: Kollipara Pavana Siddhartha , Ding Hongru , Chen Zhihan , Zheng Yuebing
Published: July 2023

Present optothermal tweezers suffer from thermal damage and are limited to only thermophilic objects. We developed hypothermal optothermal tweezers that simultaneously reduce thermal damage and enhance the thermophilicity of different objects in diverse solutions.
High-Resolution Dual-Comb Spectroscopy at 9.5 μm for Plasma-Assisted Ammonia Production
Authors: Sadiek Ibrahim , Fleisher Adam J. , Hayden Jakob , Hugi Andreas , Lang Norbert , van Helden Jean-Pierre H.
Published: July 2023

We measure ammonia (NH3) production in nitrogen-hydrogen (N2:H2) plasmas using high-resolution quantum cascade laser dual-comb spectroscopy in the long-wave infrared. Doppler-broadened NH3 spectra reveal temperature profiles and product abundances as a function of plasma conditions.
High-resolution mid-IR spectra of methanol and dimethyl sulfide obtained with interleaved subharmonic OPO combs
Authors: Muraviev Andrey , Konnov Dmitrii , Vodopyanov Konstantin L.
Published: July 2023

We use a pair of highly-coherent subharmonic optical parametric oscillators (instantaneous span 3.2-5.4 µm) to obtain the first to our knowledge high-resolution (0.002cm-1) mid-infrared spectra of methanol (CH3OH) and dimethyl sulfide (CH3)2S via interleaving comb-tooth-resolved spectra.
Tight-Locking Mid-Infrared Quantum Cascade Frequency Combs by Near-Infrared Light Injection
Authors: Komagata K. N. , Parriaux A. , Hillbrand J. , Wittwer V. J. , Faist J. , Südmeyer T.
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate the tight-lock of a mid-infrared quantum cascade laser frequency comb by near-infrared light modulation. Our result, improved mutual coherence compared to drive-current modulation alone, is pertinent for highly-sensitive dual-comb spectroscopy.
Precision hydrogen trace gas detection by ultralow-loss multipass cavity Raman scattering
Authors: Singh Jaspreet , Muller Andreas
Published: July 2023

Raman scattering with a feedback-assisted ultralow-loss multipass cavity was implemented for trace hydrogen sensing. A limit of detection (precision) of 40 (50) parts-per-billion was obtained at a pressure of 0.2 MPa in a 30-min exposure.
Fluidic assisted self-alignment transfer and integration of micro light-emitting diodes using engineered van der Waals forces
Authors: Hwang Junsik , Kim-Lee Hyun-Joon , Hong Seog Woo , Park Joon-Yong , Kim Dong Kyun , Kim Dongho , Song Sanghoon , Jeong Jonghyun , Kim Yongchan , Yeom Min Jae , Yu Min-chul , Kim Joosung , Park Younghwan , Shin Dong-Chul , Kang Sungjin , Shin Jai-Kwang , Yoon Euijoon , Lee Hojin , Yoo Geonwook , Jeong Jaewook , Hwang Kyungwook
Published: July 2023

We fabricated van der Waals forces engineered microLEDs and confirmed their transfer method with single-face alignment in a fluidic environment. This transfer and integration results can provide a key solution for the microLED display.
Transfer Printing of InGaN/GaN Quantum-Well Based Light Emitting Diodes
Authors: Poelman Stijn , Billet Maximilien , Hermans Artur , Fiuczek Natalia , Turski Henryk , Kuyken Bart
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate the transfer printing of an InGaN/GaN-QW based LED on a silicon substrate, emitting around 470 nm. This result is the first step toward heterogeneous integration of GaN-based devices on CMOS-compatible SiN photonic circuits.
Deep Unsupervised Learning for Biomedical Image Translation from Harmonic Generation Microscopy Image to H&E-stained Image
Authors: Chen Wei-Ju , Liao En-Yu , Tai Tsung-Ming , Liao Yi-Hua , Sun Chi-Kuang , Lee Cheng-Kuang , See Simon , Chen Hung-Wen
Published: July 2023

This work proposes an unsupervised deep learning-based image translation from Harmonic generation microscopy (HGM) to widely used H&E-stained images. The proposed methodology is promising and hopefully will facilitate adopting HGM in clinical workflows.
Wide-range Angle-sensitive Plasmonic Color Printing with a Lossy Resonator
Authors: Chowdhury Sarah N. , Simon Jeffrey , Nowak Michal P. , Prokopeva Ludmila J. , Pagadala Karthik , Fruhling Colton , Nyga Piotr , Bravo Esteban Garcia , Kildishev Alexander V. , Shalaev Vladimir M. , Boltasseva Alexandra
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate a wide gamut of color generation by large-scale, lithography-free, and environment-friendly plasmonic structures with a resolution of 100 μm for macroscopic color printing by utilizing femtosecond laser photomodification of multi-functional optical elements.
Compact MEMS-Based LiDAR for Long-Distance Range Over 350-m and High Resolution Point-Cloud Data of ±0.01°
Authors: Huang Chien-Wei , Liu Chun-Nien , Mao Sheng-Chuan , Chang Yung-Peng , Pei Zingway , Tu Charles W. , Cheng Wood-Hi
Published: July 2023

We report a compact MEMS-based LiDAR module with a synchronized dual-laser beam to enhance both the long-distance range and clear point-cloud data. This LiDAR exhibits long-distance range over 350-m and high-resolution point-cloud data of ±0.01o.
Wide-field multipass spectral-scanning 3D imaging LiDAR using an echelle grating
Authors: Han Yaqi , Zang Zihan , Wu Lican , Hao Yi , Zhu Qingyang , Liu Xuanyi , Chang-Hasnain Connie , Fu H. Y.
Published: July 2023

We employ an echelle grating and a multipass configuration to achieve wide-field beam-steering in spectral-scanning LiDAR system within a narrow tuning bandwidth. FOV of 8° x 17.3° and mm-level depth resolution are achieved.
Coherently combined high-brightness semiconductor amplifiers for a water vapor differential absorption lidar
Authors: Liu Qin , Janicot Sylvie , Georges Patrick , Lucas-Leclin Gaëlle
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate the coherent combination of two microsecond-pulse semiconductor amplifiers for water vapor differential absorption lidar (DIAL) applications. The combined pulse energy reached 10.3 µJ with combining efficiencies above 82% ± 5%.
Optically computed full field Doppler phase microscopy for dynamic imaging
Authors: Liu Yuwei , Yu Shupei , Zhang Yuanwei , Liu Xuan
Published: July 2023

we investigate a full field Doppler phase microscopy (FF-DPM) technology based on an innovative optical computation strategy that enables depth resolved imaging and phase quantification. FF-DPM takes en face measurement of Doppler phase shift and quantitatively images the axial motion within the en face plane.
Line-Scan Optical Sensing System for Surface Characterizations in Laser Material Processing and Additive Manufacturing of Metals
Authors: Yang Yujie , Weyrauch Thomas
Published: July 2023

A prototype line-scan optical sensing system for applications in laser processing of metallic materials was evaluated. Identification and profiling of surface features (keyholes) was demonstrated and classification of surface roughnesses was achieved using neural networks.
Enhanced Bioimaging with Nano Photonics
Authors: Zhuo Yue , Marin Thibault
Published: July 2023

We review enhanced bioimaging approaches that utilize nano photonic devices to measure attachment of biomaterials. A couple of examples of nano photonic sensors, including photonic crystals and ring resonators, have been summarized with varieties of applications.
Measurements of human cerebral blood flow changes with speckle contrast optical spectroscopy
Authors: Cheng Xiaojun , Zilpelwar Sharvari , Kim Byungchan , Sie Edbert J. , Marsili Francesco , Boas David A.
Published: July 2023

We have developed the fiber-based speckle contrast optical spectroscopy (SCOS) system to measure human cerebral blood flow (CBF) and brain functions, and demonstrated that SCOS outperforms traditional diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) systems.
Probing Nanoscale Carrier Dynamics in Silicon Nanowires
Authors: Li Jingang , Yang Rundi , Grigoropoulos Costas P.
Published: July 2023

We report a visible-near-infrared pump-probe nanoscopy to probe nanoscale carrier dynamics in silicon nanostructures.
Lithium-ion Battery Tomography Based on Highly Sensitive Fiber Optic Ultrasound Sensor
Authors: Chen Geng , Yang Liuyang , Dai Chenhao , Deng Xin , Xu Dongchen , Wang Anqi , Sun Qizhen
Published: July 2023

The sensor possesses high sensitivity of 0.226V/kPa and low noise equivalent pressure of 29.7mPa/Hz1/2, which enables the imaging system to investigate the inner changes of lithiumion batteries (LIBs) with high resolution.
High-fidelity super-resolution imaging with deconvolution by pixel reassignment (DPR)
Authors: Zhao Bingying , Mertz Jerome
Published: July 2023

We demonstrated a novel super-resolution analytical approach, deconvolution by pixel reassignment (DPR), which can enhance the spatial resolution in fluorescence microscopy beyond the diffraction limit with high fidelity and the capability of more general imaging.
Bragg soliton dynamics on an ultra-silicon-rich nitride chip
Authors: Tan D. T. H. , Choi J. W. , Sahin E. , Cao Y. , Sohn B-. U. , Ng D. K. T. , Xing P. , Chia X. X. , Chen G. F. R. , Gao H. , Ong K. Y. K.
Published: July 2023

We present recent results on Bragg solitons, gap solitons and associated phenomena on a chip. Experimental observations of Bragg soliton-effect temporal compression, fission, optical parametric Bragg amplification and gap soliton-based tunable slow light are reported.
Soliton Gas: optical fiber experiments and theory
Authors: Suret Pierre , Lebel Alexandre , Randoux Stephane , Roberti Giacomo , El Gennady , Copie Francois
Published: July 2023

We report recent theoretical and experimental studies of soliton gases. In particular we measure the spectral parameters distribution (inverse scattering transform) of the soliton gas induced by the modulation instability in optical fibers.
Quantum Meta-Photonics
Authors: Shalaev Vladimir M.
Published: July 2023

I will discuss our research effort on engineering solid-state quantum emitters in material platforms for integrated photonics and applying plasmonic metamaterials for light-matter interaction enhancement and achieving quantum coherence at non-cryogenic temperatures.
Crystallinity investigation of poorly soluble drugs dispersed in paper using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy
Authors: Heidrich Lara , Ornik Jan , Schesny Robert , Keck Cornelia M. , Castro-Camus Enrique , Koch Martin
Published: July 2023

We use terahertz time-domain spectroscopy for non-destructive crystallinity investigation of poorly soluble drugs loaded into paper. Our results underline the great potential of terahertz spectroscopy as an analytical tool to study pharmaceutical formulations.
Phase-Locking of a Gunn Oscillator by Electro-Optic Detection Using Mach-Zehnder-Modulator-Based Flat Comb Generator
Authors: Morohashi Isao , Irimajiri Yoshihisa , Sekine Norihiko , Hosako Iwao
Published: July 2023

Phase-locking of a Gunn oscillator by electro-optic detection using a Mach-Zehnder-modulator-based flat comb generator has been demonstrated. By feeding back beat signals to the Gunn oscillator system, phase-locking of was successfully demonstrated.
A Photoexcited Actively Tunable Terahertz Metamaterial Encoder
Authors: Dhriti KM , Islam Maidul , Kumar Gagan
Published: July 2023

This work numerically and theoretically demonstrates a photoexcited terahertz (THz) metamaterial-based two-bit binary encoder using tunable conductivity of silicon as a function of incident pump power. Obtained four binary codes are useful in chip communication.
Automated Full-Field Analysis of Terahertz Hyperspectral Images
Authors: Granger Margaret E. , Urrea Alexa , Arnold Dallin T. , Hoopes Ali , Johnson Jeremy A.
Published: July 2023

We combine amplitude and phase components of terahertz transmission data to improve the accuracy of hyperspectral analysis. By incorporating machine learning methods, we demonstrate fully automated distinction of sample components with high fidelity.
Multi-material achromatic phase converter for broadband ultrafast singular optics
Authors: Baca-Montero Erick R. , Shulika Oleksiy V.
Published: July 2023

We propose and examine a multi-material achromatic phase converter exploiting spiral phase plate concept. The spatio-spectro-temporal numerical simulations suggest viability of the proposal and possibility to generate broadband ultrashort vortices in different spectral ranges.
Temperature Dependent Photoionization of the Nitrogen–Vacancy Diamond Singlet State Manifold
Authors: Blakley Sean M. , Mai Thuc , Hight-Walker Angela , McMichael Robert D.
Published: July 2023

By applying wavelength-tuned spin-selective photoionization, the energies of the 1E and 1A1 nitrogen–vacancy (NV) singlet states relative to the diamond band gap edges are determined as a function of temperature.
High-order-mode Brillouin Random Fiber Laser via Long Period Fiber Grating and distributed Rayleigh scattering
Authors: Wei Zizhou , Wang Han , Li Yichun , Shou Haozhe , Zeng Xianglong , Pang Fufei , Zhang Liang
Published: July 2023

A high-order-mode Brillouin Random fiber laser with high purity and broadband tunability based on a long-period fiber grating and distributed Rayleigh scattering in optical fibers was demonstrated.
Quantum Multiparameter Estimation Model of Cascaded Phases in Optical Fiber
Authors: Krueper Gregory , Cohen Lior , Mellors Robert , Libby Stephen B. , Messerly Michael , Combes Joshua , Gopinath Juliet T.
Published: July 2023

We present a new architecture for quantum-enhanced multiparameter estimation, where measured phases are cascaded along a single optical fiber. Embedded reflectors separate these phases, enabling novel fiber-based quantum distributed sensing of temperature and strain.
Quantum random number generation with uncharacterised homodyne detection
Authors: Wang Chao , Primaatmaja Ignatius William , Ng Hong Jie , Haw Jing Yan , Ho Raymond , Zhang Jianran , Zhang Gong , Lim Charles
Published: July 2023

We propose, design and experimentally demonstrate a quantum random number generator (QRNG) that completely removes the calibration requ0irement for the measurement device. The QRNG features a simple implementation and readily implementable on integrated photonic platforms.
Spectral Properties and Photon-Number Distribution of Highly-Nondegenerate Entangled Photons
Authors: Wang Bochen , Li Zhengyong
Published: July 2023

We obtain specific spectral properties of highly-nondegenerate entangled photons measured by photon-number-resolving detectors under different focusing schemes, and observe the distribution changing from Poissonian to thermal as wavelength leaving away from their peak.
Slice optimisation for high-speed Gaussian coherent state continuous variable quantum key distribution
Authors: Weerasinghe Amanda , Alhussein Muataz , Li He , Wonfor Adrian , Penty Richard
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate, for the first time, slice reconciliation with optimised guard bands on Gaussian modulated continuous variable quantum key distribution. We produce a record 5Mb/s key rate after 25 km transmission distance with multilevel slicing.
Experimental Proposal for Validation of W-state Protocol for Qubits and Qudits
Authors: Ramakrishnan Rohit K , Ravichandran Aravinth Balaji , Talabattula Srinivas , Banerji Anindya , Lal Nijil , Mishra Sarika , Singh R P , Rohde Peter P
Published: July 2023

This paper presents an experimental scheme to validate W-state encoding, a passive linear optics error-correction scheme for qubits and qudits. We use the orbital angular momentum of photons to realize qubits and qudits.
Ultra-narrowband interference circuits for 1.25 GHz gated single-photon InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiodes
Authors: Fan Yuanbin , Shi Tingting , Ji Weijie , Zhou Lai , Ji Yang , Yuan Zhiliang
Published: July 2023

We report a novel ultra-narrowband interference circuit (UNIC) for low noise photon counting of 1.25GHz gated InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiodes. We achieve record-low afterpulsing probability of 0.5% at a detection efficiency of 25.3%.
Microresonators With Nanodiamonds Fabricated via Two-Photon Polymerization for Quantum Photonics
Authors: Couto Filipe A. , Andrade Marcelo B. , Otuka Adriano J. G. , Pratavieira Sebastião , Muniz Sérgio R. , Mendonça Cleber R.
Published: July 2023

Polymeric microresonators embedded with nanodiamonds containing NV- color-centers were fabricated via two-photon polymerization technique, presenting Q factors in the order of 104, and one to three fluorescent nanodiamonds per structure.
Highly non-degenerate, heralded single photon source on a PPKTP-PIC integrated system
Authors: Sundaram Vijay S.S. , Manfreda-Schulz Evan , Deenadayalan Venkatesh , Hawthorne Todd , Slezak Bradley , Roberts Tony , Palone Thomas , Ciminelli Mario , Battle Phil , Howland Gregory A. , Preble Stefan F.
Published: July 2023

We present a novel, highly non-degenerate, heralded visible-telecom photon-pair source using an integrated system of nonlinear waveguides and photonic circuits. Thermo-optic modulation of the telecom single-photon-state is demonstrated for deployable quantum communication/networking systems.
Squeezing enhancement by suppression of noise through a resonant interferometric coupler
Authors: Viola Alice , Liscidini Marco
Published: July 2023

We present an integrated device in which a resonant interferometric coupler allows for the suppression of nonlinear parasitic processes and the efficient generation of squeezed light via spontaneous four-wave mixing.
Waterproof perovskite quantum dot laser
Authors: Lin Chiao-Chih George , Liao Zheng-Lin , Kung Chung-Wei , Chou Yu-Hsun
Published: July 2023

We encapsulated CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dots with UiO-66 and dispersed them in an optical resonator to achieve underwater lasing at room temperature with the same luminescence intensity maintained even after 15 months.
Characterizing photon emission from a quantum dot excited by long above-band pulses
Authors: Venuturumilli S. S. , Al Maruf Rubayet , Poole P. J. , Dalacu D. , Reimer Michael , Bajcsy Michal
Published: July 2023

We experimentally investigate the quality of single photons produced with long-pulse above-band excitation of a quantum dot embedded in a semiconductor nanowire and model the results via rate equations and Markov-chains.
Two-Color Tunable Mid-Infrared and Near-Infrared Ultrafast Laser System for Pump-Probe Studies at 1 kHz
Authors: Matteo Daniel , Tochitsky Sergei , Joshi Chan
Published: July 2023

We built and characterized a DFG mid-infrared source tunable between 4-14 µm and a synchronized 35 fs Ti:Sapphire laser. Mid-infrared XFROG measurements show 200 fs pulse lengths and pump-probe synchronization on a few femtosecond scale.
Observation of Femtosecond Laser-induced Columnar Structures above the Surface Level of Al
Authors: Park Tae Hoon , Lee Hyo Soo , Lee Hai Joong , Kim Jee Seong , Hong Won Pyo , Hwang Taek Yong
Published: July 2023

Through femtosecond laser irradiation, we observed the formation of columnar structures above the surface level of Al and showed the control of their morphological profiles with the laser fluence and the number of irradiating pulses.
CLONETS-DS Clock Network Services-Design Study Strategy for clock services over optical-fibre networks
Authors: Vojtěch Josef , Altmannová Lada , Smotlacha Vladimír , Velc Radek , Vohnout Rudolf , Schnatz Harald , Liebisch Tara Cubel , Capone Vincenzo , Chiotis Tryfon , Roberts Guy , Vicinanza Domenico , Binczewski Artur , Bogacki Wojbor , Turza Krzysztof , Pottie Paul-Eric , Tuckey Philip , Calonico Davide , Clivati Cecilia , Curri Vittorio , Holzwarth Ronald , Sprenger Benjamin , Číp Ondřej , Pravdová Lenka , Řeřucha Šimon , Alonso Javier Díaz , Vidal Eduardo Ros , Rat Benoit , Kodet Jan , Schreiber Ulrich , Kusche Jürgen , Meschede Dieter , Schröder Stefan , Stellmer Simon , Nogas Pawel , Urbaniak Robert , Krehlik Przemysław , Śliwczyński Łukasz , Amy-Klein Anne , Chardonnet Christian , Quintin Nicolas , Seeds Alwyn , Desruelle Bruno , Lautier-Gaud Jean , Ménoret Vincent , Rabault Martin
Published: July 2023

The precise time and frequency transmissions based on optical fibre have evolved recently. The time and frequency transfer methods by GSSN are becoming gradually obsolete, definitely providing lower measurements than we can do. Yet, we do struggle with the best effotrt to enable clock comparison, and to utilize the experience with the fibre. An optical clock, they will need to be connected to others, so the collaboration is essential. We present here the further development of infrastructure in mentioned research field. And the synergy of shared entities like QKD, relativistic geodesy, any industrial and societal applications within the shared fibre, where we have been focused on.
The impact of time-skew on phase noise measurements using balanced coherent detection
Authors: Heebøll Holger , Da Ros Francesco , Galili Michael , Zibar Darko
Published: July 2023

We derive sufficient conditions on the path delay difference (time-skew) in balanced receivers such that its impact on phase noise is negligible. These conditions are confirmed in numerical simulations.
Numerical Analysis of Crosstalk in Tellurite Multi-Core Fiber for Near-Infrared Image Transportation
Authors: Suzuki Takenobu , de Clermont-Gallerande Jonathan , Nakatani Asuka , Ohishi Yasutake
Published: July 2023

Crosstalk in tellurite and silica multi-core fibers was calculated. The results showed that tellurite fibers can provide 1.83 times the resolution and 2.5 times the brightness compared to silica fibers in image transportation at 1.55 µm.
Ultraviolet spatiotemporal optical vortices via sum-frequency generation
Authors: Fan Jintao , Wang Jue , Gao Xuechen , Lu Yang , Zhao Yuwei , Zhang Jiaxuan , Hu Minglie
Published: July 2023

We experimentally demonstrate the generation of ultraviolet spatiotemporal orbital angular momentum (ST-OAM) femtosecond pulses based on infrared-visible sum frequency generation.
Design of Hybrid Gold-Graphene Metasurfaces for Efficient Excitation of Tunable Graphene Plasmons
Authors: Feinstein Matthew D. , Almeida Euclides
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate a large-area, widely tunable hybrid metasurface consisting of gold rods on back-gated CVD-grown graphene. Under moderate doping (0.35 eV), localized graphene plasmons are excited with record-high extinction rates (17%) across the mid-infrared regime.
Multilayer Anti-Reflective Metasurfaces for High-Efficiency Visible Micro-Photonics
Authors: Koksal Okan , Song Junyeob , Chen Lu , Wang Zi , Zhu Wenqi , Agrawal Amit
Published: July 2023

We introduce a novel multilayer metasurface design paradigm, and leverage it to design and fabricate anti-reflective metalenses at various resolving powers. We demonstrate that transmission and focusing efficiencies of multilayer metalenses outperform their single-layer counterparts.