bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neural correlates of perceiving and interpreting engraved prehistoric patterns as human production: Effect of archaeological expertise
Authors: Salagnon Mathilde , Cremona Sandrine , Joliot Marc , d’Errico Francesco , Mellet Emmanuel
Published: August 2022

It has been suggested that engraved abstract patterns dating from the Middle and Lower Palaeolithic served as means of representation and communication. Identifying the brain regions involved in visual processing of these engravings can provide insights into their function. In this study, brain activity was measured during perception of the earliest known Palaeolithic engraved patterns and compared to natural patterns mimicking human-made engravings. Participants were asked to categorise marks as being intentionally made by humans or due to natural processes (e.g. erosion, root etching). To simulate the putative familiarity of our ancestors with the marks, the responses of expert archaeologists and control participants were compared, allowing characterisation of the effect of previous knowledge on both behaviour and brain activity in perception of the marks. Besides a set of regions common to both groups and involved in visual analysis and decision-making, the experts exhibited greater activity in the inferior part of the lateral occipital cortex, ventral occipitotemporal cortex, and medial thalamic regions. These results are consistent with those reported in visual expertise studies, and confirm the importance of the integrative visual areas in the perception of the earliest abstract engravings. The attribution of a natural rather than human origin to the marks elicited greater activity in the salience network in both groups, reflecting the uncertainty and ambiguity in the perception of, and decision-making for, natural patterns. The activation of the salience network might also be related to the process at work in the attribution of an intention to the marks. The primary visual area was not specifically involved in the visual processing of engravings, which argued against its central role in the emergence of engraving production.
A biomathematical model of atherosclerosis in mice
Authors: Schirm Sibylle , Haghikia Arash , Brack Markus , Ahnert Peter , Nouailles Geraldine , Suttorp Norbert , Loeffler Markus , Witzenrath Martin , Scholz Markus
Published: August 2022

Atherosclerosis is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Biomathematical modelling of the underlying disease and therapy processes might be a useful aid to develop and improve preventive and treatment concepts of atherosclerosis. We here propose a biomathematical model of murine atherosclerosis under different diet and treatment conditions including lipid modulating compound and antibiotics. The model is derived by translating known biological mechanisms into ordinary differential equations and by assuming appropriate response kinetics to the applied interventions. We explicitly describe the dynamics of relevant immune cells and lipid species in atherosclerotic lesions including the degree of blood vessel occlusion due to growing plaques. Unknown model parameters were determined by fitting the predictions of model simulations to time series data derived from mice experiments. Parameter fittings resulted in a good agreement of model and data for all 13 experimental scenarios considered. The model can be used to predict the outcome of alternative treatment schedules of combined antibiotic, immune modulating, and lipid lowering agents under high fat or normal diet. We conclude that we established a comprehensive biomathematical model of atherosclerosis in mice. We aim to validate the model on the basis of further experimental data.
Intracranial recordings show evidence of numerosity tuning in human parietal cortex
Authors: van Dijk Jelle A. , de Jong Maartje C. , Piantoni Gio , Fracasso Alessio , Vansteensel Mariska J. , Groen Iris. I. A. , Petridou Natalia , Dumoulin Serge O.
Published: August 2022

Numerosity is the set size of a group of items. Numerosity perception is a trait shared across numerous species. Numerosity-selective neural populations are thought to underlie numerosity perception. These neurons have been identified primarily using electrical recordings in animal models and blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in humans. Here we use electrical intracranial recordings to investigate numerosity tuning in humans, focusing on high-frequency transient activations. These recordings combine a high spatial and temporal resolution and can bridge the gap between animal models and human recordings. In line with previous studies, we find numerosity-tuned responses at parietal sites in two out of three participants. Neuronal populations at these locations did not respond to other visual stimuli, i.e. faces, houses, and letters, in contrast to several occipital sites. Our findings further corroborate the specificity of numerosity tuning of in parietal cortex, and further link fMRI results and electrophysiological recordings.
Mapping the cultural characteristics of subcontinent students and the challenges to their academic success
Authors: Chugh Ritesh , Macht Stephanie , Kansal Monika , Grose Robert , Shah Mahsood , Weber Anthony
Published: August 2022

This study explores the cultural characteristics of subcontinent students and maps the characteristics to the challenges to their academic success. Interviews of fifty staff from an Australian university indicated that both teaching and professional staff held similar views on the characteristics of subcontinent students. Significant characteristics included respect for teachers, the need for continual guidance, a tendency to group, and a propensity to negotiate. The identified challenges to the academic success of subcontinent students were a lack of engagement with staff, inadequate critical thinking, poor communication skills, academic integrity issues and unrealistic expectations. Armed with a better understanding of the subcontinent student cohort, this study encourages teaching and professional staff to find ways to develop a more inclusive educational environment that builds students up for success.
Interventions for vulnerable pregnant women: Factors influencing culturally appropriate implementation according to health professionals: A qualitative study
Authors: Feijen-de Jong Esther I. , Warmelink J. Catja , van der Stouwe Relinde A. , Dalmaijer Maria , Jansen Danielle E. M. C.
Published: August 2022

Background

Proper implementation of interventions by health professionals has a critical effect on their effectiveness and the quality of care provided, especially in the case of vulnerable pregnant women. It is important, therefore, to assess the implementation of interventions in care settings to serve as input to improve implementation.

Objective

The aim of this study is to identify factors that influence the implementation of interventions for vulnerable pregnant women in the North of the Netherlands from the perspective of health professionals. In this region, an intergenerational transfer of poverty is apparent, leading to many health problems and the transfer of unhealthy lifestyles and the associated diseases to subsequent generations.

Methods

We used a qualitative research design. Semi-structured interviews with 39 health professionals were conducted between February 2019 and April 2020. To analyse the findings, the MIDI (Measurement Instrument for Determinants of Innovations) was used, an instrument designed to identify what determinants influence the actual use of a new or existing innovation.

Results

We found two themes that influence the implementation of interventions: 1. The attitude of health professionals towards vulnerable pregnant women: stereotyped remarks and words expressing the homogenization of vulnerable pregnant women. 2. A theme related to the MIDI determinants, under which we added six determinants.

Conclusion

Our research showed that many factors influence the implementation of interventions for vulnerable pregnant women, making the optimal implementation of interventions very complex. We highlight the need to challenge stereotypical views and attitudes towards specific groups in order to provide relation-centred care, which is extremely important to provide culturally appropriate care. Health professionals need to reflect on their own significant influence on access to and the use of care by vulnerable groups. They hold the key to creating partnerships with women to obtain the best health for mothers and their babies.
Association between sarcopenia and osteoarthritis: A protocol for meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Haochen , Wang Ning , Wang Yilun , Li Hui
Published: August 2022

Background

Sarcopenia, a relatively new syndrome referring to the age-related decline of muscle strength and degenerative loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, often resulting in frailty, disability, and mortality. Osteoarthritis, as a prevalent joint degenerative disease, is affecting over 250 million patients worldwide, and it is the fifth leading cause of disability. Despite the high prevalence of osteoarthritis, there are still lack of efficient treatment potions in clinics, partially due to the heterogeneous and complexity of osteoarthritis pathology. Previous studies revealed the association between sarcopenia and osteoarthritis, but the conclusions remain controversial and the prevalence of sarcopenia within osteoarthritis patients still needs to be elucidated. To identify the current evidence on the prevalence of sarcopenia and its association with osteoarthritis across studies, we performed this systematic review and meta-analysis that would help us to further confirm the association between these two diseases.

Methods and analysis

Electronic sources including PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science will be searched systematically following appropriate strategies to identify relevant studies from inception up to 28 February 2022 with no language restriction. Two investigators will evaluate the preselected studies independently for inclusion, data extraction and quality assessment using a standardized protocol. Meta-analysis will be performed to pool the estimated effect using studies assessing an association between sarcopenia and osteoarthritis. Subgroup analyses will also be performed when data are sufficient. Heterogeneity and publication bias of included studies will be investigated.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42020155694.
Alcohol use among Congolese Babembe male refugees in Tarrant County: A qualitative study
Authors: Diese Elvis Longanga , Raines-Milenkov Amy , Felini Martha , Akpan Idara , Hussain Arbaz , Baker Eva
Published: August 2022

Background

Refugees are at high risk of alcohol abuse due to experiences in their country of origin, transit camps, and in host countries. Congolese have been the largest group of refugees resettled in the US since 2016 and Babembe represent one of the largest Congolese refugee sub-groups. There is a growing body of literature highlighting substance abuse among refugees resettled in the US, but little is known about Congolese Babembe. This study aimed to explore factors and practices contributing to alcohol abuse among Congolese Babembe refugees.

Methods

A qualitative research design employing a narrative inquiry approach was used in this study. One focus group discussion was conducted with a semi-structured guide in February 2020.A total of 19 hard-to-reach male refugee participants were recruited through snowball sampling. Audio recordings were translated and transcribed before a thematic content analysis was conducted using Nvivo 10.

Results

The main themes arose in the focus group analysis. First, the role of war, trauma, and migration in the onset of alcohol abuse in a community that once limited alcohol use to only older men for socialization. Second, refugees viewed alcohol abuse in their community as a result of post- resettlement cultural loss. Third, refugees perceived alcohol as serving a purpose to help cope with stressful conditions in the US and bad news received from loved ones in Africa. Further analysis shows the role of interactions with armed forces and other cultures during war and migration contributed to the adoption of alcohol abuse behavior.

Conclusion

Findings from this study suggest that factors contributing to alcohol abuse among Congolese Babembe refugees include personal traumatic experiences, loss of cultural identity, and conducive conditions in the host country. Understanding these factors can guide the development of appropriate interventions to prevent alcohol abuse in this vulnerable community. Further research is needed to include Babembe women’s perspectives.
What socio-demographic characteristics of university students in Southern Germany predict their urban nature connectedness?
Authors: Schönbach Dorothea M. I. , Tiscareno-Osorno Ximena , MacIntyre Tadhg E. , Smith Stephen , MacIntyre Deirdre , Demetriou Yolanda
Published: August 2022

Promoting mental health addresses a global societal challenge. Nature connectedness, or relatedness to natural systems, is associated with increased well-being and mental health. Among urban populations, nature connectedness has been reported as lower. Nature connectedness in urban settings has been somewhat overlooked by researchers. This cross-sectional online study addressed this issue by identifying socio-demographic predictors of urban nature connectedness among 165 students, aged 20 to 40, from the Technical University of Munich. Analysis of the data from 153 female university students was conducted using ordinal regressions, (a) separately and (b) merged with their 12 male counterparts. A separate gender analysis for males could not be performed, due to sample size limitations. Although access to nature and a considerable nature dose in terms of frequency and duration of nature contact were noted, possibly achieved through the engagement in outdoor activities, urban nature connectedness was rather low. Results showed that urban nature connectedness was negatively predicted by living in a rural area and positively predicted by engagement in outdoor activities and increased hours per week spent in nature. This information can help researchers operationalize the construct of urban nature connectedness. Furthermore, it can aid the development of interventions aimed at promoting urban nature connectedness, by encouraging urban inhabitants to (repeatedly) get in contact with and spend time in provided high-quality urban nature (e.g., during outdoor activities). To draw conclusions about causality, further research is required to identify a clear cause-effect relationship between socio-demographic characteristics and urban nature connectedness. Based on a researched dose-response relationship, a(n) (inter)national recommendation for the duration of nature contact should be established to promote urban nature connectedness and, therewith, health in urban inhabitants. Future research should also investigate further potential individual influencing factors, as well as gender and within/between-country differences among urban inhabitants.
Accuracy of a low-cost, portable, refractive error estimation device: Results of a diagnostic accuracy trial
Authors: Joseph Sanil , Sundar Balagiri , Rashme Vinitha L. , Venkatachalam Soundarya , Ehrlich Joshua R. , Ravilla Thulasiraj
Published: August 2022

Purpose

To assess the accuracy of refraction measurements by ClickCheckTM compared with the standard practice of subjective refraction at a tertiary level eye hospital.

Design

Diagnostic accuracy trial.

Methods

All participants, recruited consecutively, underwent auto-refraction (AR) and subjective refraction (SR) followed by refraction measurement using ClickCheckTM (CR) by a trained research assistant. Eyeglass prescriptions generated using ClickCheckTM and the resulting visual acuity (VA) was compared to SR for accuracy. Inter-rater reliability and agreement were determined using Intra-class correlation and Bland Altman analysis respectively.

Results

The 1,079 participants enrolled had a mean (SD) age of 39.02 (17.94) years and 56% were women. Overall, 45.3% of the participants had refractive error greater than ±0.5D. The mean (SD) spherical corrections were -0.66D (1.85) and -0.89D (2.20) in SR and CR respectively. There was high level of agreement between the spherical power measured using SR and CR (ICC: 0.940 (95% CI: 0.933 to 0.947). For the assessment of cylindrical correction, there was moderate level of agreement between SR and CR (ICC: 0.493 (0.100 to 0.715). There was moderate level of agreement between the VA measurements performed by using corrections from SR and CR (ICC: 0.577 (95% CI: 0.521–0.628). The subgroup analysis based on the age categories also showed high level of agreement for spherical corrections between the two approaches (ICC: 0.900). Bland Altman analysis showed good agreement for spherical corrections between SR and CR (Mean difference: 0.224D; 95% LoA: -1.647 D to 2.096 D) without evidence of measurement bias.

Conclusions

There was a high level of agreement for spherical power measurement between CR and SR. However, improvements are needed in order to accurately assess the cylindrical power. Being a portable, low-cost and easy-to-use refraction device, ClickCheckTM can be used for first level assessment of refractive errors, thereby enhancing the efficiency of refractive services, especially in low- and-middle-income countries.
Wound complications following surgery to the lymph nodes: A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nzenwa Ikemsinachi C. , Iqbal Hassan A. , Hardie Claire , Smith George E. , Matteucci Paolo L. , Totty Joshua P.
Published: August 2022

Background

Malignancies that spread to the lymph nodes may be identified through surgical biopsy, and treatment of metastatic disease may be through lymph node dissection. These surgeries, however, may be associated with significant adverse outcomes, particularly wound complications, the true incidence of which remains unknown. Multiple studies have reported their individual rates of complications in isolation. The aim of this study will be to systematically evaluate data that presents the incidence of wound complications in patients undergoing these surgeries.

Methods

We have designed and registered a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies presenting incidence data. We will search MEDLINE, EMBASE and CENTRAL for relevant articles. Meta-analysis will be undertaken to synthesise an overall incidence of surgical site infection, wound dehiscence, haematoma and seroma. Subgroup analyses will investigate the effects of anatomical location, primary malignancy and study design on pooled incidence. Risk of bias will be evaluated for each included study using bespoke tools matched to the study design.

Discussion

The results of this study will provide the incidence of wound complications and secondary complications following lymph node surgery. This will directly impact upon the consent process, and may influence the nature of future research studies aimed at reducing post-operative complications.
A Study Regarding the Music Teaching Method for Appreciating Folk Songs by Analyzing the Lyric’s Meanings: Focusing on a Jeju Folk Song, ‘Women Divers’ Rowing Song’
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Lee Jang-Won
Published: August 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to design instruction measures for the efficient appreciation of folk songs through a learning design that focused on an analysis of the lyrics’ meanings.
Methods: A Jeju folk song, ‘Women Divers’ Rowing Song’, with many verses and excellent literary value was selected. This study analyzed the metaphorical and ironic expressions of the lyrics. and also aimed to appreciate the folk song from a comprehensive perspective by connectively examining the literature and culture related to the Haenyeo (Women Divers).
Results: The learning design procedures for improving the ability to appreciate folk songs are as follows. First, after understanding the overall context of the lyrics of the folk song, the meanings inherent in the keywords such as Ieodo, Jindo, and Jeoseung were analyzed. This process drew upon areas like various symbolisms of Ieodo, the rough pathway of leaving a hometown and the tough life of the Haenyeo, and the various emotional changes when working in the sea. Second, the characteristics of the Haenyeo were examined based on the approach to their historical/cultural background. The overall contents of the culture of Jeju’s Haenyeo, which were introduced by UNESCO showed the value of our culture, that the world recognized and aimed to learn. Also, based on the vivid description from the viewpoint of observer and lifestyle of the Haenyeo recorded in Shin Gwang-Su’s “Jamnyeo-ga”, the historical origin of the culture of the Haenyeo was examined. This study is significant as it establishes a foundation for appreciating folk songs from a comprehensive perspective by understanding the meanings of the lyrics and characteristics of the culture of Jeju’s Haenyeo through this series of processes.
Conclusion: The lyrics of folk songs contain philosophical values, lifestyle, and the nature-friendly life of ancestors. This study aims to see the establishment of educational conditions for deeply instructing students about the various sentiments in songs by continuously researching the learning design for analyzing the meanings of folk song lyrics.
Study Regarding the Teaching Experience and Perception of Special Education Teachers on Global Citizenship education.
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Choi Jee Hae , Lee Young Sun
Published: August 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the global citizenship education(GCE) teaching experience and perception of special education teachers, and to examine whether there was a difference in the level of understanding of GCE according to the general characteristics and GCE teaching experience of special education teachers.
Methods: This study utilized a survey that examined 500 special education teachers' teaching experiences and perceptions of GCE. The analysis methods used were and an independent sample t-test and one-way ANOVA as JAMOVI program.
Results: As a result of the study, there are differences in the understanding of GCE according to the general characteristics of special education teachers(gender, teaching career, type of student disability (developmental disability, sensory disability), overseas stay experience, multicultural student teaching experience, and participating in training about GCE). In addition, there was a difference in the understanding of GCE was noted according to the experience of teaching GCE(experience in teaching GCE for special education students, and difficulties in teaching special education students).
Conclusion: Based on these results, special educational implications for GCE were presented.
SIP-Based Inversion Model of Mining-Induced 3D Deformation
Authors: Tang Fuquan , Huang Jingcai , Dong Longkai , Li Pengfei , Yan Zhaocun
Published: August 2022

Underground mining causes many forms of surface deformation, including vertical subsidence as well as strike and dip horizontal displacement. Differential interferometric synthetic-aperture radar (D-InSAR) has become a widely applied technique for precise and detailed mapping of the
Earth's surface deformation caused by underground mining. However, the technology can only detect a one-dimensional displacement in the satellite's line of sight. To address this deficiency, we propose an improved three-dimensional displacement inversion model based on symmetry characteristics
(imDIMSC) of a mining subsidence basin by the stacking technology of multiple single-track InSAR pairs. In this study, both field-observed surface displacement and simulated data were applied to calibrate and validate the proposed imDIMSC model. A methodology and algorithm were then developed
to determine the symmetrical center for the two special mining circumstances. Comparison of the field-observed data, the proposed methodology, and the imDIMSC model provided significantly more accurate 3D displacement estimations.
Reação dos Fundos de Ações às Alterações nos Níveis de Governança Corporativa
Authors: Borges Júnior Dermeval Martins
Published: August 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho consiste em analisar a reação dos fundos de ações às alterações na classificação das empresas abertas brasileiras conforme os segmentos especiais de listagem da bolsa de valores do Brasil. Para isso, foram selecionadas todas as empresas abertas que sofreram alguma alteração em seu segmento de listagem no período de janeiro de 2010 a novembro de 2018, sendo a amostra final composta por 34 companhias. Quanto aos fundos de investimento, foram considerados todos os fundos de ações com dados disponíveis no período. Os resultados indicam uma relação positiva e estatisticamente significativa entre as variáveis para a soma dos percentuais investidos pelos fundos nas empresas e a variável dummy para o mês de mudança no segmento de listagem e os dois meses seguintes. Desta forma, a partir do momento em que as companhias mudam para um segmento de listagem com maiores exigências em termos de governança corporativa, os fundos de ações aparentam aumentar os investimentos em ações dessas empresas. Esta pesquisa contribui ao fornecer evidências do efeito que os padrões de governança corporativa das empresas exercem na decisão de investimento dos fundos de ações. Quanto às limitações, este estudo está sujeito à amostra de 34 empresas que tiveram alguma alteração nos segmentos de listagem e o uso de somente da categoria de fundos de ações.
PREDICTING PLANE TRAFFIC WHILE TAKEOFF AND LANDING USING QUEUE MODEL AS THE MEASUREMENT OF ATC SERVICE LEVEL AT ADISUTJIPTO INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Saleh Hasrul , Lukito Indro
Published: August 2022

This research aims to know the number of air plane traffic increase at Adisutjipto International Airport Yogyakarta until 2025, to know the average number of air plane traffic during rush hour at Adisutjipto International Airport Yogyakarta, and to know the service level of Air Traffic Control towards the air plane when takeoff and landing at Adisutjipto International Airport Yogyakarta.  The researcher used Microsoft Excel and manual calculation in processing the data. The research results showed that the estimation of the number of plane traffic at Adisutjipto International Airport Yogyakarta experienced increase in 2018 with total plane traffic 78376 until 2025 it will increase with total plane traffic reaching 103209. The average number of air plane traffic when takeoff and landing at Adisutjipto International Airport Yogyakarta reach 9 planes in one hour. The service level of ATC at normal condition obtained result 15% while during rush hour reach 80%. The average number of air plane queueing at normal condition is 1 air plane per hour while during rush hour is 3 air planes per hour. The average number of air plane in the system during normal condition is 1 air plane per hour, while during rush hour is 4 air planes. The average time spent for waiting for the queue at normal condition is 4,57 minutes/air plane, while during rush hour reached 16 minutes/air plane. The average time spent for waiting in the system during normal condition is 8,57 minutes/air plane, while during rush hour is 20 minutes/air plane.Kata Kunci : Queue, Takeoff, Landing, Air Traffic Control, Air Plane
WORKING AIDS DESIGN BY USING 5-STEP METHOD BASED ON REBA AND RULA ANALYSIS TO REDUCE THE RISK OF LOW-BACK PAIN INJURY A Case Study in Brickworks Center in Potorono, Banguntapan, Bantul
Authors: Saputra Wahyu Sidiq , Kusuma Trio Yonathan Teja
Published: August 2022

Brickworks Center in Potorono is the center of brickworks which is quite large in Bantul and produces high amount of both raw bricks, which has not been burned yet, and the mature bricks, or the burned one. Manual material handling work on the activity of brick production has high risk of causing spinal injury (low-back pain). This research aims to analyze the activity of material handling work by using Rapid Entire Body Assessment and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment approaches and also create design proposal by using 5-Step Method of Concept Designing to design working aids which can applied to improve working posture. From the data assessment and analysis, the result of Rapod Entire Body Assessment score on the first posture is 9, second posture is 4, third posture is 8, fourth posture is 5 and the score of Rapid Upper Limb Assessment is all 7, which in general, those scores are potential to have high risk of low-back pain so that it needs improvement of working postures. The improvement of working posture has carried out by creating Roller Conveyor Modification to reduce the risk of low-back pain injury. The final result after improvement has been carried out is the score of Rapid Entire Body Assessment is 1 and the score of Rapid Upper Limb Assessment is 3, which show decreasing score.
ANALYSIS RISK MAPPING OF BATIK KARAWANG DISTRIBUTION TO EXPAND DISTRIBUTION COVERAGE
Authors: Sayuti Muhamad
Published: August 2022

Tourism is a resource that can be developed in Indonesia because it has a positive impact on economic growth both locally and nationally which can increase regional income so that local community empowerment and poverty alleviation can be done. One of the efforts in developing the local economy is by making regional superior products such as the development of batik that has been internationally recognized by UNESCO as Indonesia's cultural heritage. Karawang has distinctive batik and is different from batik from other regions, so this batik is admired by the Karawang community itself. The distribution of Karawang batik still has many obstacles both in terms of regional conditions, the number of craftsmen and branding that are not yet strong. This research focuses on re-mapping the flow of Karawang batik distribution with reference to risk management. This research is very important to improve the flow distribution of Karawang batik, so that it will make the distribution coverage of this batik even wider. This study uses a mapping method  distribution flow, taking into account the risk management. The risk management itself uses a Risk Register map, so that the risk exposure from Karawang batik will be increasingly clear and is expected to make mitigation and minimize risk. After conducting a causal analysis and risk map, several proposals were extended to expand the scope of marketing, including the Religious Community, the Government Organizations, Banking Companies, Private Companies, Motor and Car Commodities. The proposal is expected to be implemented and have a positive influence. Furthermore, it will be monitored once a year to see the changes < Keyword: batik karawang; causal analysis; risk register map
Estimación de la rigidez de materiales granulares marginales no ligados mediante ensayo CBR dinámico
Authors: Rincón-Morantes Jhon Fredy , Alvarez Allex E. , Reyes-Ortiz Oscar J.
Published: August 2022

La evaluación en laboratorio de la respuesta de materiales granulares no ligados (e.g., subbases- y bases-granulares para pavimentación) bajo carga dinámica es limitada en Colombia. Este estado de la práctica se relaciona, entre otros aspectos, con que el equipo triaxial dinámico requerido para su determinación es costoso y los protocolos de ensayo complejos. Como alternativa, en la última década se han realizado desarrollos sobre el ensayo CBR dinámico (dCBR), que emplea el equipo, pero modifica el protocolo del ensayo de CBR convencional. Esta investigación propone las bases de un nuevo protocolo para el ensayo de dCBR, para determinar la rigidez de materiales granulares (i.e., módulo resiliente equivalente) mediante la aplicación de siete etapas de carga repetida, donde cada etapa está definida por una deformación objetivo. El estudio incluyó dos materiales granulares marginales (MGMs), con índices de plasticidad altos (IP>6). Los resultados sugieren que el protocolo propuesto para el ensayo de dCBR permite la estimación del módulo resiliente equivalente. Adicionalmente, este protocolo discrimina el efecto de la plasticidad de la fracción fina del MGM sobre su rigidez (i.e., reducción de módulo resiliente equivalente al incrementar el índice de plasticidad). Con base en los resultados obtenidos, se propone avanzar en la caracterización de un mayor número de materiales para validar los resultados preliminares presentados e indagar sobre una posible correlación entre valores de módulo resiliente y módulo resiliente equivalente.
That’s a Relief: Assessing Beauty, Realism, and Landform Clarity in Multilayer Terrain Maps
Authors: Douglass Nathaniel A. K. , Fish Carolyn S.
Published: August 2022

Terrain maps are often composed of shaded relief along with other raster layers which we call thematic terrain layers to create aesthetically pleasing and clear maps of physical geography. Despite that the interplay of layers is of primary concern to a cartographer, much of the research on terrain mapping has focused on studying terrain layers individually. This research aimed to fill this gap by evaluating the effect of combining shaded relief with thematic terrain layers and assessing ratings of beauty, realism, and landform clarity in an exploratory online user study. Specifically, we tested the combination of: manual, multidirectional, and ray-traced shaded relief with three thematic terrain layers: hypsometric tinting, land cover, and orthoimagery. There are five main findings from this exploratory study: (1) there was a direct correlation between beauty and realism scores, (2) the manual relief we tested was consistently rated lowest for beauty, realism, and landform clarity, and orthoimagery was rated the highest for beauty and realism, (3) shaded relief was more influential than thematic terrain layers on landform clarity ratings, (4) participant’s geographic familiarity had a significant impact in four specific instances of the user study, and (5) neither shaded relief or thematic terrain layers were the sole contributors to map reader perceptions of beauty, realism, or landform clarity. We conclude by identifying limitations in our stimuli design and presenting ideas for future research studies on terrain design.
Schema and emotion in memory retrieval following video-based learning: An artificial intelligence study
Authors: Vidanaralage Junius , Dharmaratne Anuja , Haque Shamsul
Published: August 2022

Adapting innovative educational technologies to bolster students’ academic learning is increasing rapidly. This study explored schema congruent and incongruent participants behaviour when experiencing video-based materials as the medium of learning within the frame of a flipped learning environment. The participants watched an educational learning video on a given topic and completed memory retention tests in different time variations: immediate and delayed. Additionally, an artificial intelligence-based emotion analysis examined the emotional valency of participants during two phases: study phase and test phase. The experiment comprised 16 healthy young adult volunteers (8 schema congruent, 8 schema incongruent; 9 males [56.25%], 7 females [43.75%]; age range 20–34 years, mean age 27.31 years, SD = 2.87 years). A combination of statistics-based and AI-based analysis evaluated the effectiveness of video-based learning in terms of retrieval accuracy, response time and emotional valence. The findings indicate that retrieval accuracy for the schema incongruent group was better than schema congruent. Response time for schema congruent group was quicker than schema incongruent. Both groups exhibited more negative emotions during the study phase but more positive emotions during the test phase.
Implications for practice or policy:

Acceptance testing of video-based learning in tertiary education for different schema groups of students by assessing their emotional state helps educators to enhance pedagogy.
Nourishing positive learning experiences from videos and questionnaires should be the goal, considered at the design stage for courses that rely on video-based materials.
Adaptation of video-based learning strategy is more instructionally efficient and scalable for academic institutions and educators during a pandemic situation.
How Welfare Policies Can Change Trust – A Social Experiment Assessing the Impact of Social Assistance Policy on Political and Social Trust
Authors: Betkó János , Spierings Niels , Gesthuizen Maurice , Scheepers Peer
Published: August 2022

While there is a substantive literature on the link between welfare states and individuals’ trust, little is known about the micro-linkage of the conditionality of welfare as a driver of trust. This study presents a unique randomized social experiment investigating this link. Recipients of the regular Dutch social assistance policy are compared to recipients of two alternative schemes inspired by the basic income and based on a more trusting and unconditional approach, testing the main reciprocity argument in the literature: a trusting government will harvest trust from welfare recipients in return. Particularly trust in local government – the level at which the experiment was implemented – increases among recipients of the alternative treatments. Subsequently, we innovatively theorize and test rigorously which mediating mechanisms might explain this increase. Policy evaluation, social integration, and psychological well-being are studied in this respect. Of these, the only underlying mechanism proven to mediate the treatment effect in local political trust, is citizens’ satisfaction with policy.
A method to detect sleep apnea using residual attention mechanism network from single-lead ECG signal
Authors: Wang Tao , Lu Changhua , Sun Yining , Fang Hengyang , Jiang Weiwei , Liu Chun
Published: August 2022

Sleep apnea is a sleep disorder caused by weakened or suspended breathing during sleep, which seriously affects the work and health of patients. The traditional polysomnography (PSG) detection process is complicated and expensive, which has attracted researchers to explore a rapid detection method based on single-lead ECG signals. However, existing ECG-based sleep apnea detection methods have certain limitations and complexities, mainly relying on human-crafted features. To solve the problem, the paper develops a sleep apnea detection method based on a residual attention mechanism network. The method uses the RR interval signal and the R-peak signal derived from the ECG signal as input, realizes feature extraction through the residual network (ResNet), and adds the SENet attention mechanism to deepen the mining of channel features. Experimental results show that the per-segment accuracy of the proposed method can reach 86.2%. Compared with existing works, its accuracy has increased by 1.1–8.1%. These results show that the proposed residual attention network can effectively use ECG signals to quickly detect sleep apnea. Meanwhile, compared with existing works, the proposed method overcomes the limitations and complexity of human-crafted features in sleep apnea detection research.
Effect of annealing temperature on the structure and properties of FeCoCrNiMo high-entropy alloy
Authors: Sheng Lei , Zhengwei Xue , Yafeng Liu , Yun Li , Dongsheng Jiang , Ping Wang
Published: August 2022

FeCoCrNiMo high-entropy alloy was melted by vacuum arc melting. The alloys were vacuum annealed at 873, 1,073, and 1,273 K, respectively. X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), simultaneous thermal analyzer, microhardness tester, and universal testing machine were used to study the microstructure, the thermal stability, hardness and compression mechanics of as-cast and annealed FeCoCrNiMo alloys. The results show that the alloy is composed of face-centered cubic (FCC) phase and σ phase in both as-cast and annealed states, and the σ phase and μ phase can maintain structural stability at 873 K annealing temperature. The μ phase decomposes to form the σ phase after annealing at 1,073 K, and part of the σ phase dissolves in the FCC phase when annealed at 1,273 K. Both the as-cast and annealed alloys have a typical dendritic structure. The σ phase is enriched in dendrites, and the FCC phase exists between the dendrites. The microstructure of the alloys in the annealed state is more refined than that of the alloy in the as-cast state. In the 1,073 K annealed state, the FeCoCrNiMo alloy has the highest hardness, yield strength, and fracture strength. The fracture mechanism of the alloy is intergranular brittle fracture and cleavage fracture.
Individual perceptions of group work environment, motivation, and achievement
Authors: Tanaka Mitsuko
Published: August 2022

The learning environment is an important factor in both learner motivation and learning outcomes. As second language (L2) classrooms frequently employ group work, clarifying the environmental effects in group work settings is important to improve pedagogical application in this context. This study examined the cross-sectional structural relations among the factors of work environment, motivation, and learning outcomes for L2 learners at various English proficiency levels. Japanese university students (N = 200) were engaged in group work activities for one semester. Self-reported data on motivation, the group work environment, course grades, and standardized English proficiency test scores were analyzed using path and moderation models. Results revealed that the group work environment significantly affected motivation. Learners who perceived stronger group cohesion and greater group engagement were likely to find learning more enjoyable and were less prone to amotivation. However, those perceiving weaker group cohesion and lesser group engagement tended to display the opposite motivational pattern. Further, this environmental effect on motivation was evident regardless of English proficiency level. Results further showed that motivation was significantly associated with achievement, thereby indicating that the group work environment indirectly influenced learning outcomes via motivation.
Fossilized mistakes in Spanish relative clauses learned by Chinese students
Authors: Guijarro Sanz María
Published: August 2022

This article demonstrates how Cognitive Grammar and Construction Grammar can prevent Chinese students learning Spanish from fossilizing mistakes in restrictive relative clauses at the A2-B1 level of the European Framework of Reference for Languages. To address this issue, first, relative clauses in Spanish and Chinese were contrasted and, second, tailored solutions based on Cognitive Grammar were proposed. Among the cognitive based tailored solutions, certain geometry forms, colours and basic mathematics metaphors were compared with syntactic characteristics such as noun order, subordination hierarchy or resumption. To elucidate the impact of such teaching methods, an experiment with 74 Chinese students was performed. The results indicate that the efficacy of the proposed materials is statistically significant and as such, the Chinese students avoid fossilized mistakes while producing subject, object and locative relative clauses in Spanish.
Hydrogen bonded dimers in the crystal structure of 2-chloro-N-(phenylcarbamoyl)nicotinamide, C26H20Cl2N6O4
Authors: Tong Jian-Ying , Sun Na-Bo , Han Liang , Liu Xing-Hai
Published: August 2022

C26H20Cl2N6O4, orthorhombic, Pbca (no. 61), a = 7.7316(6) Å, b = 24.8021(19) Å, c = 26.074(2) Å, V = 4999.9(7) Å3, Z = 8, R

gt
(F) = 0.0674, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1625, T = 296(2) K.
Amine compounds post-treatment on formaldehyde emission and properties of urea formaldehyde bonded particleboard
Authors: Ghani Aizat , Ashaari Zaidon , Lee Seng Hua , Saifulazry Syeed , Ahamad Nabilah , A’tiyah Fatimah , Lee Chuan Li
Published: August 2022

Post-treatment of particleboards using three types of amine compounds namely ethylamine, methylamine and propylamine, were produced with 8% urea formaldehyde (UF) resin content and were hot-pressed for 270 s at 180 °C was carried out. The amine compounds were applied over the surface of the particleboard surface at rate of 40–60 g/m2, and the formaldehyde emission value from the board was significantly reduced. In general, the findings of the post-treatment application showed that formaldehyde emissions were successfully decreased from 0.70 mg/L to 0.59–0.33 mg/L without having a substantial impact on the particleboard’s other qualities.
Dynamic Prediction Algorithm for Low-Voltage Distribution Network Power Loss in a Smart City Based on Classification Decision Tree and Marketing Data
Authors: Liu Changfa , Fu Liheng , Li Hongsheng , Chen Bo
Published: August 2022

When the current algorithm is used to predict the power loss of the low-voltage distribution network, the missing marketing data cannot be processed, which leads to the problem of relatively large root mean square error in the algorithm. To this end, this paper proposes a dynamic prediction algorithm for low-voltage distribution network power loss that combines classification decision trees and marketing data. First, use the classification decision tree to classify the marketing data, and select the missing marketing data. Second, the combined threshold filling method is used to fill the missing data. Finally, the process state characterization method is used to realize the dynamic prediction of the power loss of the low-voltage distribution network based on the complete marketing data. The experimental results show that the data missing ratio of the proposed algorithm is less than 0.2, the root mean square relative error is less than 0.02, and the fitness is higher than 0.08 on average, as with the comparison with the three methods of comparison. The results prove the future prediction to be implemented in a smart city.
Establishment of a protein thermal shift chip (PTSC) for COVID-19 and exploration of the future of protein chips in pharmacology
Authors: Chen Peng , Cui Zhao , Li Caifeng , Deng Shiwen , Yang Hongjun
Published: August 2022

Traditional protein chips are based on solid chips and cannot enable drug and target screening in a label-free manner. Herein, a protein thermal shift chip (PTSC) based on fluorescence signals is proposed, which enables low-cost, high-throughput, label-free screening. We developed a PTSC for COVID-19, containing 12 SARS-CoV-2 and host target proteins. A series of quality-control tests were performed for small-molecule drugs, macromolecular antibodies, and herbal-medicine extracts. This chip enabled high-throughput screening of COVID-19 drugs and thus may serve as a tool for screening drug targets clinically effective drugs.
Questionable Research Practices, Low Statistical Power, and Other Obstacles to Replicability: Why Preclinical Neuroscience Research Would Benefit from Registered Reports
Authors: Ellis Randall J.
Published: August 2022

Replicability, the degree to which a previous scientific finding can be repeated in a distinct set of data, has been considered an integral component of institutionalized scientific practice since its inception several hundred years ago. In the past decade, large-scale replication studies have demonstrated that replicability is far from favorable, across multiple scientific fields. Here, I evaluate this literature and describe contributing factors including the prevalence of questionable research practices (QRPs), misunderstanding ofp-values, and low statistical power. I subsequently discuss how these issues manifest specifically in preclinical neuroscience research. I conclude that these problems are multifaceted and difficult to solve, relying on the actions of early and late career researchers, funding sources, academic publishers, and others. I assert that any viable solution to the problem of substandard replicability must include changing academic incentives, with adoption of registered reports being the most immediately impactful and pragmatic strategy. For animal research in particular, comprehensive reporting guidelines that document potential sources of sensitivity for experimental outcomes is an essential addition.