bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
National branding strategy and its effects on business and tourism
Authors: Pop Nicolae Al. , Baba Cristina Andrada , Anysz Raluca Năstase , Tohanean Dragos
Published: August 2020

Branding is the process through which a products’ or a services’ brand image is changed or is being developed. Over time, the branding process was approached from many perspectives to serve different purposes, therefore the nation branding was introduced to create a recognizable image for a country, which started to grow year by year. The scope back then, was the same as now, meaning to consolidate a nation’s position in a competitive environment and to improve its reputation. A positive national image contributes to the economic growth by building up a touristic national brand, attracting foreign investors, building trust in the national companies and brands, it encourages exports, develops the public diplomacy and slows down emigration. A good national branding is advantageous for all parties involved, for the private and the public sector, as well as for all bodies and citizens, and these same parties play an important role in building it. While all parties involved are conscious about the need of a coherent brand and are willing to contribute to the branding process, it is actually a challenge to build functional models to implement it and facilitate a strategic communication. This article is using case studies and desk research to study suitable models and communication strategies, which can be applied in the national branding process. It is proposing good practices to bring together research, business, policy making actors and individuals.
The impact of international economic sanctions on national economies. The Islamic Republic of Iran - a case in point
Authors: Caba-Maria Flavius , Muşetescu Radu-Cristian
Published: August 2020

This paper explores the impact of economic sanctions on national economies, with specific focus on Iran. It starts by conceptualizing sanctions in the set of economic policies and include them in the framework of economic statecraft, according to literature available. Several hypotheses that attempt to anticipate the form of sanctions are advanced, according to the intensity of geopolitical competition among the states. The analysis uses the case study of the regime of United States’ sanctions against the Islamic Republic of Iran. Tehran and P5+1 powers (the permanent members of the United Nations Security Council and Germany) agreed on a deal regulating the nuclear program of Iran - Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, meaning that Iran would reduce its nuclear activities drastically in exchange of lifting economic sanctions. In spite of the initial enthusiasm, United States announced in May 2018 the unilateral withdrawal from the deal and reinstating the sanctions regime, spiking new tensions in the relation with Iran. As a result, the paper discusses the context in which Iran tries to pursue economic goals in order to ensure resilience, while the US imposes more pressure. In addition, the study also approaches the dilemma whether sanctions can ultimately generate political answers and at what costs. In this context, it is identifying several alternatives in the Iranian case, together with noting the limits of conceptual refinements in terms of sanctions’ theory.
Improving the performance of organizational innovation processes by applying the Six Sigma methodology
Authors: Ifrim Ana Maria , Biţan Gabriela Elena , Maier Dorin , Fogoroş Teodora Elena
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this paper is to integrate the concept of innovation management with the Six Sigma methodology, focusing on the impact analysis of the quality management principles on the organizational innovation processes. To achieve this objective, the DMAIC methodology was used – define (D), measure (M), analyze (A), improve (I) and control (C). Based on this methodology by introducing innovation in the improvement phase of the DMAIC model, we developed the model called DMAIC - IM (DMAIC - Innovation Management model). A case study related to the implementation of the DMAIC-IM Model was carried out within a company that produces and sells products for the automotive industry. Thus, the performances of the processes were measured, the obtained values were compared with the ideal values from a statistical point of view and the methods for eliminating the variations were identified. Also, the critical factors of the innovation success of organizations were analyzed resulting ways to remove the obstacles that lead to this success. According to the research results, the application of the Six Sigma methodology has a positive impact on the performance of the organizational innovation processes. The proposed solution has a set of indicators and can help organizations to improve their system of evaluating the innovation processes performances.
IoT Communication Security Issues for Companies: Challenges, Protocols and The Web of Data
Authors: Zamfiroiu Alin , Iancu Bogdan , Boja Catalin , Georgescu Tiberiu-Marian , Cartas Cosmin , Popa Marius , Toma Cristian Valeriu
Published: August 2020

This article analyzes and highlights the security perspective of Internet of Things (IoT) connected devices and their communication challenges, as IoT is considered one of the key emerging fields in Industry 4.0. The IoT architectures can consist of physical systems, virtual ones or even hybrids, combining a collection of different physically active things, sensors, cloud services, specific IoT protocols, communication layers, users and developers. On top of all, it is the business layer, because the scope of the entire IoT environment is to deliver data, to monitor and to facilitate the management of complex processes. In order to facilitate the data exchange between the IoT layers, there have been developed a series of protocols particular to the IoT domain. As in many IT related fields, the solutions are not perfect from the data security and privacy perspectives, many challenges being still open research issues. As the two concepts of IoT and Cloud of Things are connected, bringing real world data into the Cloud to process it, raises Cloud Computing security concerns regarding the privacy and security of data. Although in recent years, many efforts have been made to improve Cloud Computing security, there are risks that need to be taken into consideration. From the Web of Data’s point of view, things are even more prone to security risks. Because privacy is one of the fundamental right of digital users, it is extremely important for new technologies to comply with privacy regulations and policies, such as the new European data protection and privacy frameworks. In this context, companies must take into account standards, challenges and new trends in IoT. In the absence of specific measures, raw or processed data can be easily stolen from the Web of Data. In this paper we analyze and present the main protocols of communication in the IoT field from a data security perspective. Also, we do a review of the main architectures that can improve the security of the communication between IoT devices and the Cloud data storage.
Smart City Innovation within the Sharing Economy: Urban Innovation and Collaborative Consumption
Authors: Suciu Marta Christina , Nasulea Diana-Florentina , Nasulea Christian
Published: August 2020

With the increase of population and the increasing expectations of said population, urban environments require modern solutions for old and new problems alike. Technological and institutional innovation have both alleviated or solved many of the problems of modern cities. When we speak of smart cities, we tend to imagine solutions that focus on big data and its potential to help direct policy in a top-down approach whereas the sharing economy evokes bottom-up solutions where groups of people get together to solve community issues. Modern cities face a large number of challenges ranging from housing to air quality, to education, healthcare and emergency services or parking and traffic management. The list is virtually endless. They do, however, also present certain advantages over smaller, spread-out communities as having large numbers of people in a relatively small geographical space allows for innovative resource sharing solutions that would not be possible or might not be efficient otherwise. In a sense, population density is one of the biggest challenges of modern cities but also one of their greatest opportunities. We set out to analyse current and potential intersections between smart city technologies and solutions arising from the sharing economy. We look at existing smart city technology and the potential to expand its applications by giving more control to the citizens themselves and we examine a mathematical model that assess the viability of sharing cities. If we desire our future cities to be human-friendly, eco-friendly and sustainable it’s important to understand which solutions have the greatest potential to lead us down the path of sustainability.
Practical Aspects Regarding the Dissolution of a Company by Declaring the Company Null and Void
Authors: Stoican Andreea
Published: August 2020

Law no. 31/1990 on companies, in its initial form, developed a more traditional approach of the consequences of the non-compliance with the legal requirements for the establishment of a company. Though, in the mentioned version, the interest of protecting third parties prevailed, with the exclusion of the drastic sanction of nullity. However, the legislator, in time, reached the conclusion that a more modern approached needed to be taken into consideration, which should reach a balance between the need to protect the interests of third parties and the imperative to comply with the law with reference to the conditions that must be met to establish a company. Even so, in this current form of the regulation, a concern still remains, respectively that of trying to save the company, to bring it to fulfill the conditions of legality and, through this, to protect third parties also. But in some cases it is necessary for the company to cease to exist by declaring its nullity. Therefore, the current study aims in presenting and analyzing, from a more practical point of view, the occurrence of the nullity of a company and the consequences of such a measure both for the company itself and also for its partners.
Stereophotogrammetry for 2-D building deformation monitoring using Kalman Filter
Authors: Odumosu J. O. , Adeleke O. O. , Nnam V. C. , Avoseh O. J. , Ogundeji O. A.
Published: August 2020

Stereo photogrammetry has been used in this study to analyse and detect movements within the Lecture theater of School of Environmental Technology of Federal University of Technology Minna via the use of Kalman filter algorithm. The essential steps for implementation of this method are herein highlighted and results obtained indicate Ins. Mov.s (velocity) ranging from ±0.0000001 m/epoch to ±0.000007 m/epoch with greater movements noticed in the horizontal direction than in the vertical direction of the building. Because the observed movements were insignificant, the building has been classified as stable. However, a longer period of observation with a bi-monthly observational interval has been recommended to enable decision on the rate of rise/sink and deformation of the building.
The cardiovascular complications of diabetes: a striking link through protein glycation
Authors: Ahmad Mousa Numan , Farah Amani Ibrahim , Al-Qirim Tareq Musbah
Published: August 2020

Diabetes mellitus is a predominant cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. One of its serious health problems is cardiovascular complications. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are a group of heterogeneous toxic oxidant compounds that are formed after a non-enzymatic reaction between monosaccharides and free amino groups of proteins, compound lipids, and nucleic acids. AGE interacts with various types of cells through a receptor for AGE (RAGE). The interaction between AGE and RAGE is responsible for a cascade of inflammation, oxidative stress, and disruption of calcium homeostasis in cardiac cells of diabetic patients. There is striking evidence that the AGE/RAGE axis with its consequences on inflammation and oxidative stress plays a major role in the development of cardiovascular complications. Therefore, considering AGE as a therapeutic target with foreseeable results would be a wise direction for future research. Interestingly, several studies on nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, and natural products have begun to reveal promising therapeutic results, and this could lead to better health outcomes for many diabetic patients worldwide. This article discusses the current literature addressing the connection between protein glycation and diabetes cardiovascular complications and suggests future avenues of research.
SH2B3 (LNK) rs3184504 polymorphism is correlated with JAK2 V617F-positive myeloproliferative neoplasms
Authors: Trifa Adrian P. , Lighezan Diana L. , Jucan Cristina , Tripon Florin , Arbore Dana R. , Bojan Anca , Gligor-Popa Ștefana , Pop Raluca M. , Dima Delia , Bănescu Claudia
Published: August 2020

Background: Pathogenesis and phenotypic diversity in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) cannot be fully explained by the currently known acquired mutations alone. Some susceptible germline variants of different genes have been proved to be associated with the development of these diseases. The goal of our study was to evaluate the association between the rs3184504 polymorphism of SH2B3 (LNK) gene (p.R262W, c.784T>C) and the risk of developing the four typical MPN - polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), primary myelofibrosis (PMF), and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML).

Material and methods: We investigated the SH2B3 rs3184504 T>C polymorphism by real-time PCR in 1901 MPN patients (575 with PV, 798 with ET, 251 with PMF, and 277 with CML), all of them harboring one of the specific driver mutations - JAK2 V617F or CALR in case of PV, ET and PMF, or BCR-ABL1 in case of CML, and 359 controls.

Results: Overall, the TT homozygous genotype was significantly associated with BCR-ABL1-negative MPN (OR = 1.34; 95% CI = 1.03-1.74; crude p-value = 0.02; adjusted p-value = 0.04). The most significant association was seen in case of PV (OR = 1.54; 95% CI = 1.14-2.06; crude p-value = 0.004; adjusted p-value = 0.024). Also, SH2B3 rs3184504 correlated significantly with JAK2 V617F-positive MPN (OR = 1.36; 95% CI = 1.04-1.77; crude p-value = 0.02; adjusted p-value = 0.08), but not with those CALR-positive. ET (regardless of molecular subtype) and CML were not correlated with SH2B3 rs3184504.

Conclusions: The SH2B3 rs3184504 polymorphism is associated with risk of MPN development, especially PV. This effect is restricted to JAK2 V617F-positive PV and PMF only.
„Book Cover Analysis”
Authors: Nariţa Ionel
Published: August 2020

Throughout history, the authorities tried to prevent some messages to reach the members of organizations. For this goal, they used the method of criterion or the method of lists. The criterion method is not adequate since it asks the analysis of the text or body of discourse in order to be applied. Instead, the lists method can be used analyzing only the cover of the publications. At their turn, the lists are exclusive or inclusive. The exclusive lists, like Index Librorum Prohibitorum, include the works that should not be received by a certain public, while the inclusive lists contain the publications agreed by the authorities.
“The archetype of the pathetic man, between objectivation and objectification”
Authors: Stănese Radu
Published: August 2020

The study follows the archetype - prototype - stereotype path in the evolution of the plastic model, in order to capture the organic connection between these notions specific to iconic language. The chronology is reversed to capture a contemporary stereotype of advertising images, as a result of an apparent form of expression of female emancipation: the erotic objectification of man. Far from being just „trendy”, the visual motif has a whole history that deserves to be pointed out as the different approaches always reflect the spirit of that era.
“Mall Nihilism”
Authors: Enache Răzvan
Published: August 2020

We address Homo Sapiens, probably the most widely read book of Yuval Noah Harari, and we stress the weaknesses of the frame he uses to boldly interpret what can only harshly be considered a “history of mankind.” We argue that such an ambitious enterprise has to avoid shallowness and needs to be deeply philosophically-informed.
Federal Accounting Standard 5/2019 – Inventories: An analysis of conceptual changes
Authors: Gorodilov M.A.
Published: August 2020

Subject. This article investigates the conceptual developments in the Russian theory and practice of accounting for inventories due to the adoption of the new standard.
Objectives. The article identifies and substantiates critical changes in the conceptual framework, classifications, law enforcement practice during the integration of Federal Accounting Standard 5/2019 – Inventories into the accounting theory and practice of the Russian companies.
Methods. The study is based on a comparative analysis.
Results. The new standard was found to not only supersede the one approved in 2001, demonstrate a greater compliance with the identical standard. However, it does have some distinctions, which are very specific by nature. The new standard enriches the conceptual framework, adds new items of expenditures, both current and future, which can be attributed to the initial cost of inventories due to the profitable nature of inventories as assets. I point out eight different changes that seem conceptual and constituting the novelty of the study.
Conclusions and Relevance. The application of Federal Accounting Standard 5/2019 – Inventories will induce the revision of corporate accounting policies, setting up new internal standards of business entities. What does make them beneficial is the convergence of the national accounting practice and IFRS.
Analyzing the current effectiveness of the Russian economy's design
Authors: Smirnov V.V.
Published: August 2020

Subject. The article discusses Russia’s economy and analyzes its effectiveness.
Objectives. The study attempts to determine to what extent Russia’s economy is effective.
Methods. The study is based on the systems approach and the statistical analysis.
Results. I discovered significant fluctuations of the structural balance due to changing growth rates of the total gross national debt denominated in the national currency, and the stability of growth rates of governmental revenue. Changes in the RUB exchange rate and an additional growth in GDP are the main stabilizers of the structural balance, as they depend on hydrocarbon export. As a result of the analysis of cash flows, I found that the exports slowed down. Financial resources are strongly centralized, since Moscow and the Moscow Oblast are incrementing their share in the export of mineral resources, oil and refining products and import of electrical machines and equipment.
Conclusions and Relevance. The fact that the Russian economy has been effectively organized is proved with the centralization of the economic power and the limits through the cross-regional corporation, such as Moscow and the Moscow Oblast, which is resilient to any regional difficulties ensuring the economic growth and sustainable development. The findings would be valuable for the political and economic community to outline and substantiate actions to keep rates of the economic growth and sustainable development of the Russian economy.
Clusters and special economic zones as factors of regional innovation development: A St. Petersburg case study
Authors: Degtereva V.A.
Published: August 2020

Subject. This article discusses the directions and problematic issues of institutional development of special economic zones and clusters in the context of Russia's transition to the digital economy.
Objectives. The article aims to analyze the current state and justify the need for institutional development of special economic zones and clusters, considering global trends.
Methods. For the study, I used the methods of analysis and synthesis, logical and systems approaches, and theoretical generalization.
Results. The article justifies the need for State support for the development of industry and entrepreneurship within clusters and special economic zones. It defines the main problems of institutional development of the areas with special legal status, and their role in stimulating regional innovative development.
Conclusions. The cluster approach requires systemic State support. Special economic zones are factors in the development of high-tech industries. This takes on a special urgency in the context of building a digital economy in Russia.
Regional aspects of reputation capital valuation: The Volga Federal District case study
Authors: Grunichev A.S. , El'shin L.A. , Abdukaeva A.A.
Published: August 2020

Subject. This article deals with the tools of factor analysis of the reputation capital of the region.
Objectives. The article aims to make an explicit evaluation of the reputation capital of the regions based on the previously developed original methods and algorithms.
Methods. For the study, we used the index numbers analysis method.
Results. The article defines the values of the reputation capital index for the Volga Federal District regions. It offers a version of the implementation of the algorithm to quantify the reputation of the region. The use of factor analysis techniques makes it possible to determine the impact of regional reputation capital on the formation of its integral value.
Conclusions. The methodological approaches developed and the practical results derived from them should be used in the development of new models of economic growth in the context of the increased importance of intangible factors of production.
A systems-based approach to forecasting gross regional product using the inter-industry balance model
Authors: Okhlopkov G.N.
Published: August 2020

Subject. This article explores the issues related to the system of indicators of forecasting of gross regional product and their relationship.
Objectives. The article aims to justify the appropriateness of using a systems-based approach when forecasting gross regional product, based on the inter-industry balance model.
Methods. For the study, I used the techniques of mathematical modeling in economics. To verify the accuracy of the forecast calculations, retrospective forecasts of the gross regional product of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) for 2017–2018 were carried out.
Results. The article presents a developed classification of significant types of economic activity to forecast gross regional product.
Conclusions. The use of a systems-based approach in the forecast calculations of gross regional product using the inter-industry balance model provides adequate forecast results.
STKS:n 90-vuotisjuhlavuosi: Vireää toimintaa ja kiinnostavia tapahtumia
Authors: Kaiponen Pälvi
Published: August 2020

Vuosi 2019 oli Suomen tieteellisen kirjastoseuran juhlavuosi: 90-vuotista taivalta muistettiin historiikilla ja juhlaseminaarissa käännettiin katse kohti tulevaisuutta. Seuran työryhmien järjestämät tapahtumat ajankohtaisista teemoista täydensivät monipuolista vuotta.
Uutisia lyhyesti
Authors: Toimituskunta
Published: August 2020

STKS:n uuden teknologian työryhmä kutsuu mukaan

Tampereella juhlaseminaari – avoimessa tieteessä uusia avauksia

Avoin tiedekustantamo aloitti Helsingin yliopistossa
Cysatracurium dosing in gynecological laparoscopic surgery in obese patients
Authors: Polovnikov E. V. , Elizar’eva N. L. , Kolosov A. N. , Shmakov A. N. , Kokhno V. N. , Loktin E. M.
Published: August 2020

Aim. Substantiation of cisatracurium dosing in routine gynaecological laparoscopic surgery in obese patients based on comparative development time and duration of the neuromuscular block.

Materials and methods. The assay included 24 women with class II-III obesity and routine laparoscopic gynaecological surgery divided into two cohorts. In cohort 1, cisatracurium was dosed at 0.15 mg/kg ideal body weight estimated with the Lorentz formula. In cohort 2, cisatracurium dosing was 0.15 mg/kg real body weight.

Results. Tracheal intubation and total operation doses of the relaxant were higher when rated for real body weight. Time between cysatracurium administration and maximal neuromuscular transmission inhibition was less in cohort 2, and recovery time of the ﬁrst response to stimulation — in cohort 1. Neuromuscular block recovery time to 25% TOF count and the recovery index did not differ signiﬁcantly between the cohorts.

Conclusion. Cysatracurium dosage rated for ideal body weight resulted in a better controlled course of the neuromuscular block, whilst rating for real body weight resulted in a dose-dependent increase of the duration of action and total consumption rate of the relaxant.
Dynamics of registered alcohol-attributable mortality in Krasnodar Krai
Authors: Redko A. N. , Gubarev S. V.
Published: August 2020

Aim. Description of current dynamics of registered alcohol-attributable mortality in Krasnodar Krai.

Materials and methods. The study was conducted using ofﬁcial statistics reports and published materials of the Federal State Statistics Service. The survey covers 1,398,636 cases in Krasnodar Krai from 2000 to 2018, including 42,612 deaths from alcohol-related causes. Intensive (IM), extensive (EM) and standardised mortality (SM) rates were estimated according to the European Population Standard. Statistical analyses were performed with Microsoft Ofﬁce software.

Results. Krasnodar Krai displays a positive trend of alcohol-attributable mortality (AAM), with a reduction rate 3.5 times above the similar total mortality (TMR) values (74.4 vs. 21.5%). The decline is more pronounced in both men and women compared to the country average. Thus, AAM in men and in women was 2.9 and 3.7 times lower, respectively, in Krasnodar Krai in 2018. At the same time, TMR values were similar, 1,245.2 against 1,200.6 per 100,000 population in the Russian Federation and Krasnodar Krai, respectively (p <0.05). Alcoholic cardiomyopathy, alcoholic liver disease and poisoning prevailed as causes of AAM for almost the entire period analysed, with their total cumulative contribution varying from 55.6 to 91.7%.

We demonstrate a steady growth of AAM incidents subject to state registration in Form C-51 (from 4 in 2000 to 17 in 2018), which hampers a retrospective analysis of AAM dynamics in terms of individual nosologies’ contribution.

Conclusion. The trends revealed objectively illustrate a positive AAM dynamics in Krasnodar Krai. However, overall contribution of alcohol-attributed causes to the current total mortality proﬁle of the population is underestimated. Recommendations in national healthcare are needed for step-wise improvement and strict supervision of statistical indicator reporting, particularly, of death causes associated with alcohol intake.
Efficacy of Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiography as Non-invasive Imaging Biomarker for Risk Stratification of Acute Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Higazi Mahmoud M. , Fattah Rasha Abdel Raouf Abdel , Abdelghany Elham Abdelhady , Ghany Hosny S. Abdel
Published: August 2020

Objectives:

Massive and sub-massive pulmonary embolisms (PEs) are associated with high mortality and morbidity. The mainstay of treatment for PE is anticoagulation. However, high- and intermediate-risk patients may benefit from interventional thrombolytic therapy. Computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) is widely available, fast, and non-invasive technique, and it can identify pulmonary thrombus down to at least a segmental level. In this study, we attempt to evaluate the efficacy of CTPA as a non-invasive imaging biomarker for risk stratification of acute PE (APE) patients.

Material and Methods:

This is a prospective study conducted on 150 patients who proved to have APE by CTPA. The simplified PE severity index score was obtained. The pulmonary artery obstruction index (PAOI) using and right to left ventricular (RV/LV) diameter ratios were calculated.

Results:

The patients were divided into (1) high risk (shocked) and (2) non-high risk groups. There was a significant difference between the 1st and 2nd groups regarding PAOI. Hemodynamically stable patients were further subclassified according to the right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) into Group Ia (intermediate risk) and Group Ib (low risk). There was a significant difference between subgroups regarding PAOI (P < 0.0001, r = 0.385). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed PAOI >47% associated with RV/LV ratio >1.

Conclusion:

Our results support the use of CTPA as a surrogate imaging biomarker for both diagnosis and risk stratification of APE patients. CTPA allows assessment of clot burden through PAOI calculation and identification of intermediate-risk PE through the assessment of RVD.
Evaluation of Normal Morphology of Mandibular Condyle: A Radiographic Survey
Authors: Singh Bhupender , Kumar Nileena R. , Balan Anita , Nishan Mohammed , Haris P. S. , Jinisha M. , Denny C. Dimla
Published: August 2020

Objectives:

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a complex, highly specialized joint. Along with the teeth, these joints are considered to be a “tri-joint complex.” Mandibular condyle morphology is characterized by a rounded bone projection with an upper biconvex and oval surface in axial plane. Anatomical knowledge of the TMJ is one of the basic foundations of clinical practice, allowing the understanding of TMJ pathologies and fabrication of condylar prostheses. The cross-sectional descriptive study was undertaken to evaluate normal variation in the condylar morphology on radiographs in persons without TMJ symptomatology and its relation to age, gender, dentition status, chewing habits, parafunctional habits, history of orthodontic treatment, and denture wearing was assessed.

Material and Methods:

A total of 350 subjects without TMJ symptomatology included in the study were further grouped by age, gender, dentition status, chewing habits, parafunctional habits, history of orthodontic treatment, and denture wearing history. Panoramic radiograph was taken for the assessment of condylar morphology.

Results:

A significant association between dentition status and bilaterally similar condylar morphology was noticed. Bilaterally similar condyles were seen in 81.4% of subjects. Round-shaped condyles were seen in 176 (62%) persons. Loss of bilateral occlusion tends to alter the condylar morphology. Association between normal chewing habits and bilaterally similar condyle shapes was significant.

Conclusion:

The study describes the normal morphology of mandibular condyles in a population attending the tertiary dental care center, Kozhikode. The dentition status and chewing habits of individuals had a significant role in determining condylar morphology.
When More Is Less: Nonmonotonic Trends in Adsorption on Clusters in Alloy Surfaces
Authors: Monasterial Abigale , Hinderks Calla , Viriyavaree Songkun , Montemore Matthew
Published: August 2020

Single-atom alloys can be effective catalysts and have been compared to supported single-atom catalysts. To rationally design single-atom alloys and other surfaces with localized ensembles, it is crucial to understand variations in reactivity when varying the dopant and the ensemble size. Here, we examined hydrogen adsorption on surfaces embedded with localized clusters and discovered general trends. Counterintuitively, increasing the amount of a more reactive metal sometimes makes a surface site less reactive. This behavior is due to the hybridization and splitting of narrow peaks in the electronic density of states of many of these surfaces, making them analogous to free-standing nanoclusters. When a single-atom alloy has a peak just below the Fermi energy, the corresponding two-dopant cluster often has weaker adsorption than the single-atom alloy due to splitting of this peak across the Fermi energy. Further, single-atom alloys have qualitatively different behavior than larger ensembles. Specifically, the adsorption energy is a U-shaped function of the dopant’s group for single atom alloys. Additionally, adsorption energies on single atom alloys correlate more strongly with the dopant’s p-band center than the d-band center.
Chemically Fueled Transient Geometry Changes in Diphenic Acids
Authors: Jayalath Isuru , Wang Hehe , Mantel Georgia , Kariyawasam Lasith S. , Hartley Scott
Published: August 2020

Transient changes in molecular geometry are key to the function of many important biochemical systems. Here, we show that diphenic acids undergo out-of-equilibrium changes in dihedral angle when reacted with a carbodiimide chemical fuel. Treatment of appropriately functionalized diphenic acids with EDC (N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride) yields the corresponding diphenic anhydrides, reducing the torsional angle about the biaryl bond by approximately 45°, regardless of substitution. In the absence of steric resistance, the reaction is well-described by a simple mechanism; the resulting kinetic parameters can be used to derive important properties of the system, such as yields and lifetimes. The reaction tolerates steric hindrance ortho to the biaryl bond, although the competing formation of (transient) byproducts complicates quantitative analysis.
Parallel Quantum Computation of Vibrational Dynamics
Authors: Komarova Ksenia , Gattuso Hugo , Levine Raphael D. , Remacle Francoise
Published: August 2020

The vibrational dynamics in a linear triatomic molecule is emulated by a quantum information processing device operating in parallel. The quantum device is an ensemble of semiconducting quantum dot dimers addressed and probed by ultrafast laser pulses in the visible frequency range at room temperature. A realistic assessment of the inherent noise due to the inevitable size dispersion of colloidal quantum dots is taken into account and limits the time available for computation. At the short times considered only the electronic states of the quantum dots respond to the excitation. We show how up to 82 = 64 quantum logic variables can be realistically measured and used to process information. This is achieved by addressing the lowest and second excited electronic states of the quantum dots. With a narrower laser bandwidth (= longer pulse) only the lower band of excited states can be coherently addressed enabling 42 = 16 logic variables. Already this is sufficient to emulate both energy transfer between the two oscillators and coherent motions in the vibrating molecule.
Prevalence and Types of Pulmonary Disability in Patients with Gastroesophageal Reϑlux Disease (GERD)
Authors: Zechariah Jebakumar Arulanantham
Published: August 2020

GERD is found to be one of the risk factors for various pulmonary disorders, like Obstructive Airway Disease, Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Interstitial Lung Diseases either directly or as a confounding factor. Due to higher Prevalence of Obstructive Airway Disease in GERD patients, early diagnosis and Appropriate management can control disease progression and outcome of both conditions. GERD is found to be one of the risk factors for many pulmonary diseases, especially Obstructive Airway Disease, either directly or as a confounding factor and Data on the severity of OAD in symptomatically and endoscopically proven GERD patients are limited in the Indian population, This learning was undertaken to find out the pervasiveness of pulmonary diseases in patients with proven Gastro Esophageal Reflux Diseases (GERD) and to find out the correlation of Symptoms of GERD and Endoscopic finding findings of GERD with the severity of Obstructive Airway Disease using Spirometric Parameters. Asthma is a heterogeneous disease, typically categorized by persistent airway infection. It is described with the aid of the history of breathing symptoms together with wheeze, shortness of breath, chest tightness and cough that vary over time and in intensity, collectively with mutable expiratory airflow restriction. This study focuses on studying the occurrence and types of pulmonary disability in patients with GERD in a tertiary care hospital and on correlating the Symptoms and Endoscopic findings of GERD with the severity of Obstructive Airway Disease as assessed by Spirometric Parameters.
Development, characterization and pharmacological evaluation of amino acid prodrugs of (+)-Ibuprofen
Authors: Nija B  , Arun Rasheed  , Kottaimuthu A
Published: August 2020

The current research work investigate the neuronal pathway associated with NSAIDs that lead to the reduction in the initiation and progression of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinsonism etc. This research was developed amino acid prodrugs of the active enantiomer of ibuprofen, (+)-IBN and checks the pharmacological effects, neuroprotective effect, anti inflammatory effect and anti-ulcerogenic effect. The treatment using (+)-IBN reduced the action of micoglia and the release of cytokine especially TNFα that are mainly involved in the neurodegenerative process. (+)-IBN reduced the deposition of soluble beta amyloid plaque by inhibiting the amyloid precursor protein, beta-secretase 1 and also enhancing the degradation process of beta amyloid via induction of insulin degrading enzyme. (+)-IBN also showed the property that the reduction in the TAU misfolding process. Therefore, the synthesized (+)-IBN amino acid prodrugs treatment effectively produce neuroprotective action, both restoring memory realed risk factors and reversing multiple brain neuropathological hallmarks. The current research study developed the three amino acid prodrugs of (+)-ibuprofen by conjugating with L-phenyl alanine, L-tryptophan and L-tyrosine also the physico-chemical characterization and spectral characterization was done. This study modify the carboxylic acid functional group present in the NSAIDs that lead to the formation of prodrugs with enhanced anti-inflammatory activity, reduced side effects and protective effect against neurodegenerative processes.
Nerium indicum(Linn.): A potential phytomedicine against various health problems
Authors: Singh R N  , Pradeep Kumar  , Navneet Kumar  , Singh D K
Published: August 2020

Nerium indicum (Linn Apocyanaceae family) is wild plant and commonly known as “Kaner”. It is used against various health problems in India and China as ethno medicine. India and China is among the oldest civilizations on earth. Ethno medicines are developed in ancient time by experiences sharing with nature. Aim of the present study is to explore the ancient knowledge of phytomedicine in context of modern science. Vedic period is the oldest cultural representation of human civilization. Ayurvedic system of medicine was developed in ‘Susruta Samhita’ and ‘Charak Samhita’. Nerium indicum (Linn.) is one of the thousands of plants mentioned in Ayurvedic system of India as important medicine for the treatment of various ailments. The flowers and leaves of N. indicum have been used to stimulate cardiac muscle, relieve pain and eliminate blood stasis. Present review mainly deals with the phytomedicinal properties such as analgesic, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, insecticidal/molluscicidal, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, anti-cancer, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-feedent activity of N. indicum. Its role as bioindicator in predicting the environmental condition is also discussed. N. indicum contains glycoside, oleandrin, tannin, volatile oil 0.25%. Glucoside, neriin and oleandrin are found in leaves of this plant. Nerium indicum is one of the wild plants, which is commonly used in various cultures as ethnic medicine. Although recent researches on its medicinal properties had established its therapeutic value in treatment of ailments, yet lot of studies are still required to explain its potentials as safe phytomedicine.
KEBIJAKAN HUKUM PIDANA DALAM UPAYA PENANGGULANGAN MALPRAKTIK PROFESI MEDIS
Authors: Bawono Bambang Tri
Published: August 2020

Criminal law policy in essence an attempt to create criminal legislation to fit the circumstances at a certain time (ius constitutum) and future (ius constituendum). Efforts to prevent and control crime is not just law enforcement duties, but also the task forces of law-making (legislative), even this legislative policy is the most strategic stages of the penal policy, therefore, faults / weaknesses of the legislative policy is a strategic mistake that a barrier to prevention efforts and crime prevention at this stage of the application and execution.From the results of this study concluded that the positive criminal law in Indonesia about the malpractices continue to show weakness in mitigation policy and shows also that the uniform criminal laws in the medical field is not working properly (Wetboek van Strafrecht, Health Regulations). As a parent rule of criminal law, Code number 29 of 2004 on the legal practice of Medicine as a primary rule in the medical field to come up with emphasis on uniformity and consistency in the formulation of crime, the right and responsibility for the crime so as to provide a sense of justice for victims and can be a deterrent effect and also the use of penal mediation as a regional medical crime constituendum ius in an effort to provide justice for those who become victims of crime in the medical field. This is related to the development of criminal law in many countries today, which is using the law of mediation as an alternative to solve the problems in the field of criminal law.Keyword : Medical Law Policy, Medical Profession
KONSEKUENSI HUKUM BAGI SEORANG ARBITER DALAM MEMUTUS SUATU PERKARA BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NO. 30 TAHUN 1999
Authors: Witasari Aryani
Published: August 2020

Arbitrase sebagai salah satu alternatif dalam penyelesaian perkara khususnya perkara yang dapat didamaikan banyak diminati oleh kalangan pelaku usaha, karena sifat kerahasiaannya dan diselesaikan dengan waktu yang sudah ditentukan oleh undang-undang (Undang-undang No.30 tahun 1999).Proses persidangan arbitrase dipimpin oleh seorang arbiter, baik tunggal maupun majelis, yang penting jumlah arbiter adalah ganjil.Hal ini dimaksudkan untuk memudahkan di dalam mengambil keputusan. Sebagai seseorang yang di amanahi untuk menjadi seorang arbiter adalah mengemban tugas yang tidak ringan. Dia harus dapat adil, tidak memihak, serta dapat menyelesaikan tugas yang diberikan dengan memberikan hasil putusan dalam jangka waktu yang sudah ditentukan oleh undang-undang, yaitu 180 hari dengan perpanjangan waktu 60 hari.Waktu yang telah ditetapkan oleh undang-undang no.30 tahun 1999 tersebut di atas harus benar-benar di jalankan oleh seorang arbiter, sebab jika tidak, maka dia di ganjar untuk mengembalikan biaya-biaya yang telah dikeluarkan oleh para pihak disamping juga dapat memunculkan rasa tidak percaya terhadap lembaga arbitrase yang diharapkan dapat menyelesaikan perkara yang tengah dihadapi dalam waktu yang tidak begitu lama.Kata Kunci: Arbitrase, Arbiter
PENGATURAN SUMBER DAYA ALAM DI LANDAS KONTINEN SEHUBUNGAN DENGAN BERLAKUNYA KONVENSI HUKUM LAUT PBB 1982 KHUSUSNYA BAGI INDONESIA
Authors: Chalim Munsharif Abdul
Published: August 2020

Continental shelf is a relatively new concept in international law of the sea. Full authority and exclusive rights over natural resources located in the continental shelf region and its ownership is on the coastal state, where the meaning of this natural wealth is a source of minerals and other lifeless on the seabed and subsoil. Through the establishment of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982, as well as enactment of the provisions of the New Law of the Sea, Indonesia is an archipelagic state which is seen as a unified whole between the islands and waters. We realized the sea was rich in minerals mining goods that is priceless natural resources, which is expected to be able to fulfill the needs of the world if mineral resources on land are not sufficient or run out completely. In Indonesia, mostly consisting of ocean territory, surely have the very wide continental shelf, where there is a variety of natural resources, especially oil and gas resources. Hence it needs regulation for the natural resources utilization in the region.Keywords :Â  Continental Shelf, Natural Resources, Seabed and Subsoil.
PEMBUBARAN PARTAI POLITIK DALAM SISTEM KETATANEGARAAN INDONESIA
Authors: Widayati -
Published: August 2020

Indonesia is a sovereign country folk. One implementation of the sovereignty of the people is the election that followed by political parties for members of Parliament and members of parliament and individuals for DPD.Political parties are the main pillars of democracy. Establishment of political parties must meet the requirements in accordance with legislation. Terms of founding a political party regulated under Article 2 of Law No. 2 of 2008 on Political Parties.As the main pillar of democracy, political parties should be able to carry out its functions properly. There are some restrictions on political parties, among others, are prohibited from engaging in activities contrary to the Constitution of 1945 NRI and legislation; engage in activities that endanger the integrity and safety Homeland. If the ban is violated, then the government may ask the parties to the freezing of the District Court. If the parties do not accept the decision of freezing the District Court, it can be appealed to the Supreme Court. If the Supreme Court confirmed the decision of the PN, then the Government may propose the dissolution of the parties to the Court.The procedure by which parties to the Court daitur dissolution under Article 68 paragraph (1) and (2) of Law No 24 of 2003 on the Constitutional Court. Constitutional Court's decision regarding the request for the dissolution of political parties must be decided upon within a period of 60 (sixty) days after pemoohonan recorded in the Register of Case Constitution.Keywords: Parati dissolution of political, constitutional systemIndonesia
KONSISTENSI PEMERINTAH INDONESIA DALAM POLITICAL WILL PASCA KEIKUTSERTAAN RATIFIKASI PERJANJIAN INTERNASIONAL DI BIDANG HAM
Authors: Nugroho Wahyu
Published: August 2020

Commitment or often termed the government's political will to implement and enforce the rights of the ratification of several international human rights instruments are still being encouraged and is a logical consequence of the ratification of human rights. At the national level, there are government programs through the National Action Plan human rights ideal, but at the regional / local, still going violations of human rights and the implementation of a slightly run due to differences in the interpretation of the meaning of human perception among law enforcement, peopleâ€™s (civil society) and the government.In this study, the observed variables are: first, the consequences of the government's participation in the ratification of treaties on human rights, which is then transformed into national legislation. Here, researchers are more focused on the political will of the government, and second, people's perception of human rights before the government took part in the ratification of treaties on human rights and the changes are positive or merely lip service and political imagery alone.Approach or method that is applied using a socio-legal research or empirical legal research. Key informants of this research is the Head of the sub-directorate of economic, social, cultural and development at the Directorate General for Multilateral Directorate of Human Rights and Humanitarian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Head of legal harmonization in the Directorate General of Human Rights of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights, Commissioner Assessment and Counseling sub Commission on Human Rights at the National Commission on Human Rights and Resource Development Deputy Head of Human Rights in ELSAM (Institute for Policy Research and Advocacy). Interviews using questionnaires and interviewKeywords : Political will, government, ratification, treaty, international human rights.