bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of soybean plant phenols and flavonoid on the mean leaf area consumed by Spodopteralitura and Spilosoma obliqua larvae
Authors: Nautiyal Anchala , Gaur Neeta , Singh Kamendra , Sharma Preeti
Published: January 2019

The aim of the present investigation was to study the effect of soybean plant phenols and flavonoid content on the mean leaf area consumed by Spodopteralitura and Spilosoma obliqua larva. Phenols and flavonoid content in methanolic leaf extract of thirty three genotypes of soybean were determined by spectrophotometrically. Thehighest and lowest phenolic content were found in genotypes JS-20-41(2.2±0.073 mg/g) and CSB 904 (0.45 ±0.11 mg/g), respectively. While the highest and lowest flavonoid content was found in genotypes SL 979 4.686± 0.062 mg QE/ g, respectively. In correlation study a highly significant negative correlation was observed between mean leaf area consumed (cm2) by S. litura, phenol content (-0.741 ) and flavonoid content (-0.737) similarly a highly significant negative correlation was observed between mean leaf area consumed by S. obliqua, phenol content (-0.728) and flavonoid content (-0.736) in leaves. Hence it can be concluded that, the genotypes which were having higher phenol and flavonoid content in their leaves offered resistance against S. litura and S. boliqua in soybean.
Effect of chelating agents on phytoextraction of Ni from contaminated Soil by Zea mays
Authors: Singh S. K. , Prakash Ram , Kumari Sachin , Singh Anoop
Published: January 2019

The effects of application of CDTA, (CA), DTPA, NTA and FYM on the growth of Zea mays and its Ni uptake and accumulation were investigated using the pot-culture experiments. Application of chelating agents decreased the dry matter yield of roots of Zea mays while, higher values of dry matter yield (11.35 g pot-1) was observedin case of FYM sewage sludge amended soil at 80 days after sowing. FYM addition was found beneficial as compared to control (Ni90). Dry matter yield of shoots of Zea mays increased over control due to application of CDTA and FYM. The highest value of dry matter yield of shoot (86.05 g pot-1) was observed in case of CDTA withsewage sludge amended soil at 80 days after sowing. Whereas reverse trend was observed in NTA, CA and DTPA treated soils. Chelating agents enhanced the Ni uptake by both roots and shoots, higher values of Ni uptake by roots (3415.44 ?g pot-1 ) and shoots (10104.98 ?g pot-1 ) Was observed in NTA and CDTA treated soil after 80 days of sowing in amended as compared to sewage sludge unamended soil. Application of CDTA followed by NTA was found more effective in enhancing the Ni uptake by Zea mays roots and shoots than any other chelating agents at both the growth stages. The chelating agents are found useful in enhancing phytoextractability of Ni by Zea mays. Hence, marginally Ni contaminated soil may be remediated by adding chelating agents.
Effect of different factors on in vitro growth and shoot proliferation of guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. Allahabad Safeda
Authors: Kadam Smita , Patel R. M. , Singh Pushpraj
Published: January 2019

In the present experiment an attempt has been made to optimize the effect of different medium, levels of sucrose, pH, adenine sulphate and light intensity for culture establishment and shoot proliferation in guava using nodal segment explants. Culture establishment was greatly influenced by media types. Maximum establishment ofexplants (74.57%) was recorded on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l BAP + 0.2 mg/l IBA. In proliferation study, the maximum shoot proliferation was observed in MS + 1 mg/l BAP + 0.25 mg/l GA3. Sucrose 3% was found to be more favorable for maximum proliferation and growth of shoots moreover, it was reduced gradually as increased or decreased levels of sucrose from 30 g/l. among the various pH levels tested, pH 5.5 recorded maximum number of shoots (8.08) and maximum length of shoots (3.75 cm).In proliferation medium the length of shoot, numbers of shoots and growth rate were increased as increased the adenine sulphate level in the medium. Maximum proliferation was observed on 160 mg/l adenine sulphate in the medium. High light intensity 3000 lux was found to be most suitable for proper growth of regenerated shoots. Low light intensity (1000 lux) resulted in stunted growth. All the above factors significantly influenced shoot multiplication and growth. Thus, optimization of these factors showed significantly increased number of shoots and rapid multiplication. This could be useful for the in vitro production of cost effective healthy planting material of guava
Generating cadastral base for Kolathupalayam village in Tamil Nadu from high resolution LISS IV sensor data
Authors: Poornima A. , Jagadeeswaran R. , Kannan Balaji , Sivasamy R.
Published: January 2019

In the present study an attempt was made to generate cadastral base from high resolution satellite image (LISS IV) and to integrate with land use land cover information. The digital cadastral map with survey number for Kolathupalayam village in Erode district of Tamil Nadu was scanned, digitized and parcels were extracted. Similarly parcels or field boundaries were digitized and extracted from satellite image and were statistically compared by area. The area obtained from both the source through digitization correlated well with a pearson correlation of 0.87 and it was significant at 5 per cent. Thus, the area comparisons from both methods are significant indicating boundaries of individual fields generated from satellite image matched well with the one generated from cadastral map. The cadastral base generated from satellite image was overlaid on the classified image (level III output) to identify and generate land cover information against each survey number. Thus, the LISS IV data can be used for the identification and extraction of cadastral boundaries with good accuracy.
Inter-relationship and path analysis of different traits of two line hybrid in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Kumar Pardeep , Nautiyal M. K. , Kumar Kuldeep
Published: January 2019

The present study was undertaken with the objective to determine the nature and magnitude of variability, degree of association between yield and it`s component characters and their direct and indirect effects on grain yield in rice. The experiment was conducted on rice in year 2013-14 at Borlaug Crop Research Center of G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand. All the traits had positive correlation to seed yield per plant of rice except days to flowering at genotypic level and at the phenotypic level. At phenotypic level panicle length (0.2145) and harvest index (0.4713) had highly significant level and positive correlation to seed yield per plant. Grain number per panicle (0.1550) and panicle number per plant (0.1398) showed positive and level of significant correlation with seed yield per plant. The days to flowering (-0.1879) have highly significant level with negative correlation to seed yield per plant. Path analysis showed the positive and direct effect on seed yield per plant at genotypic and phenotypic level for panicle number per plant (0.393 and 0.380 respectively), panicle length (0.236 and 0.198), grain number per panicle (0.646 and 0.112) and harvest index (0.443 and 0.448). While days to flowering (-0.175 and -0.167) and plant height (-0.037 and -0.008) had negative direct effect. The traits which showed positive correlation and positive direct effect on seed yield per plant can be used to increase seed yield for further breeding programs and may be given due importance in selection during rice breeding programme.
Repellant effect of neem formulation and aqeuous extract of Melia azedarach on greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood, Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)
Authors: Kumar Arvind , Singh Rajpal , Sharma K. C.
Published: January 2019

The present study assessed the repellence activities of two biopesticides viz. a formulation of neem, neem baan and aqueous extract of Melia azedarach (Dharek) kernels against crawlers of greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). The maximum repellency (22.07%) was recorded at 10 % concentration of dharek extract followed by Neem Baan at 0.0025 % concentration (18.33%). The minimum repellency (4.71%) was observed at 0.0005 % concentration of Neem baan. These results indicate a potential use of neem baan and aqueous dharek kernel extracts in management of greenhouse whitefly.
Chemistry and insecticidal potential of bay leaf essential oil against stored grain pest of wheat
Authors: Chahal K. K. , Bansal Ritima , Kaur Ramandeep
Published: January 2019

A laboratory experiment was conducted to study chemistry and insecticidal activity of bay leaf oil, its fractions and isolated compounds against stored grain pest of wheat i.e.Tribolium castaneum Herbst. Bay leaf essential oil extracted from dried and powdered bay leaves was subjected to column chromatography to have its fractions. Extensive column chromatography of polar fraction yielded Eugenol and 7, 7 Dimethyl-3-methylene bicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-4-ol which were identified by spectroscopic techniques. Bay leaf oil was tested for its insecticidal activity at five different concentrations in the range 4-12 mg g-1respectively against F1 generation of red rust flour beetle adults. Maximum inhibition was observed at 12 mg g-1concentration. The activity was both time and concentration dependent. The fractions of bay leaf essential oil and the compounds isolated were tested at 4mg g-1 concentration. Polar fraction was found to be more active as compared to nonpolar fraction as 100 and 53.1% mortality was obtained on 30th day for polar and nonpolar fractions, respectively. Comparison of eugenol and 7, 7 Dimethyl-3-methylene bicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-4-ol showed complete mortality on 33rd and 35thday respectively , which revealed that adults of T. castaneum were more susceptible to eugenol.The results indicated that bay leaf essential oil may have potential to control stored grain pest, T. castaneum.
Feeding behaviour and pugmark analysis of elephants in Sarguja, Chhattisgarh
Authors: Thakur A. K. , Yadav D. K. , Jhariya M. K.
Published: January 2019

The pugmark analysis of the elephants offers basic information to track the wild elephant migratory route, identification and census. For its study, four blocks viz, Sitapur, Lundra, Batouli (Sarguja district) and Farsabahar (Jashpur district) of northern Chhattisgarh were selected because these blocks are commonly visited by elephants and a major path route of movement of heard in inter/intra state. The most commonly consumed species belongs to family poaceae (22.58%) followed by fabaceae (19.35%) but their diet was mainly dependent on availability of seasonal food round the year and on their migration. Elephants extensively fed on Artocarpus heterophyllus, Syzygium cumini, Acacia nilotica, A. catechu, Dalbergia sissoo, Zizyphus mauritiana, Aegle marmelos and Ficus species, besides these elephants also utilized various grasses and shrubs as their food, which mainly included Dendrocalamus strictus, Cynodon dactylon etc. Elephants sometimes spent long time to feed on some particular plant species like D. strictus and Ficus species. Crop raiding, which was sporadic during the rainy season, gradually increased with more area being cultivated with the onset of monsoon. Analysis of pugmark revealed that the circumference varied from 63.80 cm to 172.70 cm whereas length x width varied from 22x20 cm to 60x55 cm, which reflects a substantial variation/differentiation of individual in heard in respect of their age, sex, size etcTherefore, management implications are needed to conserve the corridors for their long term survival and reduction of HEC. The study will be helpful to provide key information and facilitate better understating of the scenario to the forest department, policy maker and conservationist to plan, manage and improve the habitat towards the restoration and afforestation of suitable palatable species preferred by elephants of northern corridors of Chhattisgarh.
Clonal evaluation for early growth performance of Eucalyptus in South Gujarat, India
Authors: Behera L. K. , Patel D. P. , Gunaga R. P. , Mehta A. A. , Jadeja D.B.
Published: January 2019

This study was carried out in College of Forestry, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, Gujarat. Total 20 clones having age of 5 ½ years were selected for early growth evaluation at field condition. There was a significant variation (P < 0.05) among 20 clones of Eucalyptus for growth parameters viz., tree height, DBH, mid-diameter, form quotient and volume of standing tree. Tree height varied from 18.5 to 23.6 m with DBH range of 11.47 to 16.07 cm. Mid-diameter indirectly helps to assess the tapering of tree and it ranged from 6.99 to 10.57 cm among 20 clones. The form quotient was used while calculation of volume of Eucalyptus clones. The form quotient varied between 0.58 and 0.71 with overall mean of 0.63 at studied site. Volume of standing tree ranged from 0.12 to 0.28 m3. The overall results showed that clones such as C12 (P2045), C17 (B2253), C4 (P413), C8 (P526), C7 (P498), C16 (SRO16) and C11 (P3020) performed superior for early growth attribute and stem form and these clones suggested for large scale plantation in South Gujarat region.
Physico-chemical and enzymatic changes in peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) fruit in response to sodium salts during low temperature storage
Authors: Jawandha S. K. , Gill P. P. S. , Verma Annu , Kaur Navdeep
Published: January 2019

‘Shan-i-Punjab’ is a leading cultivar of peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) in Punjab. After harvesting peach fruits cannot be stored for a longer period under ambient conditions. To prolong the post-harvest life of fruits, an experiment was conducted during the year 2014. Physiological mature fruits of peach cv. Shan-i-Punjab were harvested and subjected to various post-harvest dip treatments viz. sodium bicarbonate (@ 0.5 and 1%), sodium benzoate (@ 0.5 and 1%) for 5 mins. Treated and untreated (control) fruits were packed in Corrugated fibre board CFB boxes and kept under low temperature storage conditions (0-10 C and 90-95% RH) for 6 weeks. Stored fruits were analyzed for various physico-chemical characteristics after 2, 4, 5 and 6 weeks of storage. Fruits treated with 0.5% sodium bicarbonate showed better results in terms low PLW (5.05%), high palatability rating (7.66), TSS (11.26%), acidity (0.70%) and PME activity (1.28 ml of 0.02N NaOH used) upto 4 weeks of storage as compared to control. It can be concluded that peach fruits of the cultivar Shan-i-Punjab treated with sodium bicarbonate @ 0.5% can be safely stored upto 4 weeks with acceptable quality under low temperature conditions.
Effect of nutriseed pack placement on growth, yield and nutrient uptake of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) under drip irrigation
Authors: Hota Surabhi , Arulmozhiselvan K.
Published: January 2019

A method of crop production of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) was attempted in field using Nutriseed Packs with drip irrigation. Nutriseed Pack is a tubular assembly composed of degradable polymer paper encapsulated fertilizer and manure pellet, designed for placing in the root zone soil of seedling at the time of transplanting. Urea/Diammonium phosphate (DAP) as source of N, single superphosphate (SSP)/ DAP as source of P, and muriate of potash (MOP) as source of K were used. The effect of paper wrap and addition of maida flour as a natural gel to fertilizer pellet was tested. The highest values for growth parameters such as plant height, number of main branches per plant and number of lateral branches per main branch were recorded for Nutriseed Pack with 50% NP(SSP)K with Wrap + Gel in all stages. Total fruit yield was highest in Nutriseed Pack with 50%NP(SSP)K with Wrap + Gel (43.1 t ha-1), which was 4.6 t ha-1 (11.9 %) higher than yield obtained in surface broadcast as 100%NP(SSP+DAP)K (38.5 t ha-1).The highest uptake of N(112.4 kg ha-1) and P (13.32 kg ha-1) was recorded for Nutriseed Pack with 50% NP(SSP) K with Wrap + Gel, while the highest K uptake (105.6 kg ha-1) was recorded in surface broadcast at 100%NP (SSP+DAP)K. The promising effect of placement of Nutriseed Pack has been brought out in the present study as an alternative means of crop production in terms of increase in fertilizer use efficiency upto 50% in place of surface application of fertilizers.
Prediction of agroforestry adoption among farming communities of Kashmir valley, India: A logistic regression approach
Authors: Islam M. A. , Sofi P. A. , Bhat G. M. , Wani A. A. , Gatoo A. A. , Singh Amerjeet , Malik A. R.
Published: January 2019

The study investigated the socioeconomic and psychological variables that influence the agroforestry adoption in farming communities of Kashmir. The data were collected from 142 households of 5 villages selected in Baramulla and Kupwara districts utilizing multi-stage random sampling. The results revealed that regarding agroforestry adoption majority (52.11%) of the respondents belonged to medium category followed by low (27.47%) and high (20.42%) categories. The socioeconomic variables specified that the rural people are in underprivileged condition while they are in prosperous condition regarding psychological variables. The correlation analysis (r) indicated that among explanatory variables, education, social participation, family composition, size of land holding, main occupation, housing status, farm power, farm implements, livestock possession, wealth status, gross annual income, knowledge about agrforestry, attitude towards agroforestry and level of aspiration had shown positively significant correlation with the agroforestry adoption, while, the age had a non-significant correlation. All the explanatory variables jointly accounted 90.80 % (R2= 0.908) variation on the agroforestry adoption and among these, nine variables viz., education, size of land holding, main occupation, farm power, livestock possession, wealth status, knowledge about agrforestry, attitude towards agroforestry and level of aspiration were statistically significant (p < 0.05) in influencing the agroforestry adoption. The study recommends that recognition and exploitation of explanatory variables that predict agroforestry adoption, needs due consideration among policy makers, researchers and extension providers as prominent strategy for agroforestry promotion and development.
Combined effect of biopriming and polymer coating on chemical constituents of root exudation in chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) cv. K 2 seedlings
Authors: Sathya S. , Lakshmi S. , Nakkeeran S.
Published: January 2019

A study was carried out to analyze the different volatile compounds in bioprimed chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) seedlings of 15 and 30 day old. A common compound found in two stages of chilli seedlings was hydroxylamine, dimethoxydimethyl silane, hexadecanoic acid, 15-methyl- methyl ester. Majority of the compounds in bacterized seedlings had antimicrobial activity. The results on GCMS analysis revealed that, root exudates collected from 15 and 30 days old bacterized seedlings with B. amyloliquefaciens VB7 and polymer coating released more number of volatile compounds (65 and 20 compounds respectively) than control (5 and 15 compounds respectively). The root exudates of 15 day old seedling released more volatile compounds (65 nos) than 30 days (20 nos) old seedling.
Rarity of Ceropegia bulbosa Roxb. var. lushii and protocol for its ex-situ conservation in the Indian desert
Authors: Kumar Suresh , Purohit Chandan Singh , Kulloli R. N.
Published: January 2019

Over expolitation of tubers of Ceropegia bulbosa var. lushii which is a narrow endemic in the Indian Desert has drastically declined its populations and made it threatened. This was confirmed by its absence at its previously reported sites in Barmer, Jodhpur, Jalore, Jhunjhunun and Jaisalmer. Its occurance in Jhalawar, a previously reported site and at another unreported site at Jalore with density of only 4-12 plants/ha confirmed that it has become rarer. Reasons for declining populations in terms of density and occurrence of C. bulbosa var. lushii due to both extrinsic and intrinsic factors (= threats) have been investigated in this paper. Extrinsic factors include overexploitation of tubers, habitat loss and fragmentation due to mining. Six tubers brought from its native sites regenerated successfully at Desert Botanical Garden , CAZRI, Jodhpur. Intrinsic threats were experimentally assessed by studying its life cycle for three years. Seeds produced by these plants under captivity showed 30-35% germination. Germination, phenology and growth of plants both, from seeds for one year and tubers for three years revealed many sensitive, risk prone stages which indicated potential threat to its regeneration in its native places. These included failure to seed set due to lack of pollinator, falling of immature follicles, exposure of seeds to open sun, sapling damage by wild animals and digging out of perenating tubers by wild ungulates and human being. Both extrinsic and intrinsic factors are responsible for its rarity in the wild. It emerged that for success in its ex-situ conservation, mature seeds, availability of partial shade and safety from wild animals are essential requirements.
Oxidative stability and storage quality analysis of Ocimum sanctum L. extracts incorporated chicken nuggets
Authors: Tanwar Tanuj , Kumar Arvind , Pankaj Nrip Kishore
Published: January 2019

The present study was done to explore the antioxidant potential of locally available herb holy basil viz. Ocimum sanctumL.. in enhancing the shelf-life of emulsion based chicken nuggets. Chicken nuggets are widely cherished meat cuisine but it is vulnerable to spoilage due to excessive fats and protein content. Thus, chicken nugget fortified with 1, 2, and 3% of itsethanolic-aqueous extracts of O. sanctum and along with control was studied to explore the potency of holy basil on oxidative stability and storage quality of chicken nuggets on 0,7,14 and 21 daysat refrigeration temperature. 80% ethanolic aqueous extracts of O. sanctum were prepared, standardized, optimized and incorporated in chicken nuggets. Chicken nuggets prepared with fortification of 3% O. sanctum extract were adjudged best among all with overall acceptability of 7.16±0.071 value in sensory analysis. The O. sanctum extract treated chicken nugget’s pH, FFA, TBA, Total plate count, Pychrophilic count, Yeast and Mold count were found to be in acceptable range of 4.49±0.008, 0.320±0.0005, 0.979 ±0.0012,<4,<2,<2 log10cfu/g respectively on 21days of refrigeration storage. Extracts of O. sanctum fortified chicken nuggets were safe for human consumption even 21 days of refrigerated storage (4±1?C) on the basis of pH, FFA, TBA value, microbiological profile and sensory evaluation. The results proved the antioxidant potential of holy basil O. sanctumand chicken nuggets fortified with (3%) Ocimum sanctum extract could be safe for a period of 21 days in refrigerated (4±10C) storage without any marked loss of physico-chemical, microbial and sensory quality.
In vivo evaluation of ziram induced acute toxicity on pathomorphology of broiler chicken
Authors: Shafi Majid , Kamil Shayaib A. , Mir Masood S. , Adil S. , Shah Showkat A. , Manzoor Mir
Published: January 2019

Fungicides are usually used in agriculture and often find their way in poultry feed. Therefore, a study was undertaken to study the in vivo effect of one such fungicide (ziram) induced intoxication on pathomorphology of broiler chicken. After 2 weeks of age the birds were given fungicide (Ziram) in feed as a single oral dose of 100 mg/kg body weight. Out of 10 birds, 3 died due to ziram intoxication (30% mortality rate). Birds that died rapidly showed pronounced neurological signs like convulsions. The carcasses of ziram intoxicated birds appeared dehydrated and their mucous membrane was pale in colour. Marked vascular congestion was observed in brain on gross examination. The livers showed congestion and haemorrhages with necrotic foci. Kidneys and lungs had ecchymotic haemorrhages and heart revealed gelatinization of pericardium, distention and pericarditis. Atrophy of bursa of Fabricius and thymus; hypertrophy of thyroid was found. Histopathological examination revealed neuronal degeneration and necrosis associated with mild gliosis in brain. Lungs, pericardium and epicardium had severe congestion and there was degeneration with separation of myofibers. Glomeruli were congested and frequently revealed hypercellularity. There were sinusoidal congestion and varying degrees of hepatocellular degeneration. Bursa revealed mild depletion of lymphoid cells in few lobules while as thymus showed hypoplasia with depletion of lymphocytes. Thyroid had mild mononuclear cell infiltration and caecum showed marked necrosis and denudation of the mucosa. In conclusion, the depletion of lymphoid tissue from lymphoid organs was suggestive of immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory effects of ziram toxicity in broiler chicken.
Evaluation of seeding rates of rice nursery on seedling vigour and its effect on crop productivity under system of rice intensification
Authors: Pathania Ranu , Shekhar J. , Rana S. S. , Sharma Saurav
Published: January 2019

Four seeding rates (25, 30, 35 and 40 g/m2) of rice in nursery were tested for seedling vigour recorded at 10, 17 and 24 DAS at Malan during 2013 and 2014. The seedling vigour so obtained in nursery was subsequently evaluated in field during kharif 2013. Thus twenty four treatments comprised of combinations of three seedling ages (10, 17 and 24 days) and two spacings (20 × 20 cm and 20 × 15 cm) in main plots and four seedling vigour from four seeding rates (25, 30, 35 and 40 g/m2) in sub plots were evaluated in split plot design. Seedling shoot length under all seeding rates (25-35 g/m2) was significantly higher compared to check (40 g/m2) during 2013. In the next year, shoot and root length (30-35 g/m2), tiller per seedling and leaves per seedling (25-30 g/m2) of 24 days nursery was significantly higher over check (40 g/m2). Plant height, tillers, leaves and dry matter accumulation were significantly higher when younger seedlings aged 10 and 17 days were used. The crop raised using 10 days old seedlings matured 3-5 days earlier than 24 days old seedlings. Wider spacing resulted in more plant height, tillers, leaves and dry matter accumulation. Seedlings from 25, 30 and 35 g seed/m2 resulted in significantly taller plants than 40 g/m2. The seeding rate, seedling age and plant spacing did not significantly influence rice productivity thereby permitting flexibility to the rice farmers in the adoption of these factors.
Bio-efficacy of tank mixed herbicides for control of complex weed flora in soybean (Glycine max L. Merril)
Authors: Singh Mahender , Tomar I. S. , Morya J. , Verma Arjun K. , Tripati R. K.
Published: January 2019

A field experiment was conducted at ZARS, Jhabua (M.P.) during kharif 2014 to find out most suitable and efficient method of weed control in soybean. The experiment consisted of nine treatments laid out in randomized block design with three replications. All the weed management practices led to significant reduction in density and dry matter of weeds as compared to weedy check. Two hand weeding (20 & 40 DAS) recorded lowest weed density (4.9/ m2), weed dry matter (22.35 g/m2) with highest weed control efficiency of 59.67% and found at par with the application of Chlorimuron Ethyl @ 9gm /ha + Quizalofop-p-ethyl @ 50 g /ha (density 5.48/ m2, dry matter 26.62 g/m2 and WCE of 51.97%) and Imazethapyr @ 35 g /ha + Imazamox @ 35 g/ha (density 6.13/ m2, dry matter 26.00 g/m2 and WCE of 53.08%). Maximum yield of 1782 kg/ha was recorded in two hand weeding (20 & 40 DAS) closely followed by Chlorimuron Ethyl @ 9gm /ha + Quizalofop-p-ethyl @ 50 g /ha (1723 kg/ha) and Imazethapyr @ 35 g / ha + Imazamox @ 35 g/ha (1697 kg/ha). Reduction in soybean yield in weedy check to be recorded is 38.78 per cent when compared to weed free and 36.68 per cent in comparison to Chlorimuron Ethyl @ 9gm /ha + Quizalofopp-ethyl @ 50 g /ha. However, highest Benefit to Cost ratio is recorded in Chlorimuron Ethyl +Quizalofop-p-ethyl (3.26) closely followed by Imazethapyr + Imazamox (3.22) and Weed free (3.21).
Economic impact of zero tillage on wheat cultivation in Ambala (Haryana), India
Authors: Mehala Vinay , Sharma Umesh Kumar , Malik Joginder Singh , Singh Satbir , Pramendra Pramendra
Published: January 2019

The present study was conducted with the specific objective i.e. to analyze the economic impact of recourse conservation technology (zero tillage) as compare to conventional tillage practices on wheat cultivation in Ambala district of Haryana. The study revealed that there was significant impact of conservation practices, 22% human labour, 37% machine labour, 25% seed cost and 33% irrigation water was saved under zero tillage compared to conventional tillage (CT) method of wheat production. B: C ratio under zero tillage was 2.86 while underconventional method it was reduced to 2.56. Therefore, zero tillage was economically feasible. It was observed that through the zero tillage farmers can get 3% more yield. The net returns in ZT of wheat production were higher by 4% as compared to CT method. In case of zero tillage, economic efficiency measure was 0.61 as compared to 0.34 in conventional system of wheat cultivation. The research work conducted was holistic in nature combining various elements of technology, resource conservation and economics.
Studies on diversity and abundance of parasitoids of Chromatomyia horticola (Goureau) (Agromyzidae: Diptera) in north-western Himalayas, India
Authors: Kumar Rajender , Sharma P. L.
Published: January 2019

Pea leafminer, Chromatomyia horticola (Goureau) is an important pest of many vegetable and ornamental crops. The present investigation was carried out to study the parasitoid diversity of this pest in different agroclimatic conditions of Himachal Pradesh, India. Sixteen species of parasitoids viz. Diglyphus horticola Khan, Diglyphus isaea (Walker), Zagrammosoma sp., Pnigalio sp., Quadrastichus plaquoi Reina and LaSalle, Asecodes erxias (Walker), Closterocerus sp., Neochrysocharis formosa (Westwood), Chrysocharis sp, Chrysocharis indicus Khan, Pediobius indicus Khan (Eulophidae), Opius exiguus (Wesmael), Dacnusa sp. (Braconidae), Cyrtogaster sp., Sphegigaster sp. (Pteromalidae), and Gronotoma sp. (Figitidae) were recorded parasitizing C. horticola in different agro-climatic zones of Himachal Pradesh. Agro-climatic zone II (sub-temperate mid-hills) was the richest in parasitoid diversity (14 species) followed by zone I (11 species), zone III (7 species) and zone IV (4 species) which are characterized by sub-tropical sub-montane, wet temperate high hills and dry temperate high hills, respectively. Shannon diversity index, species richness, species evenness and species dominance varied from 0.69-1.71, 1.39-2.64, 0.50-0.71 and 0.29-0.50, respectively. D. isaea and D. horticola were the dominant parasitoids of C. horticola contributing 41.46-80.15 and 9.16-50.65 per cent of the total parasitization, respectively, in different agro climatic zones. The study highlights the role of different parasitoids in natural control of the leaf miner and will be useful for designing the IPM strategies for the pest.
Weather parameters vulnerability on tea production in north western Himalaya, India
Authors: Verma Parmod , Rana Ranbir Singh , Ramesh Ramesh , Pathania Ranu
Published: January 2019

The study assessed the sensitivity of weather parameters with respect to total green leaf and two leaves and bud (T & B) productivity of tea crop {Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze}. The maximum temperature ranging from 20.0 to 29.0 oC during March, May, August and September showed positive relationship with values ranging from 0.26 to 3.38 and 0.22 to 3.22 for green leaf and T & B yield, respectively. Similarly, minimum temperature ranging from 9.1 to 20.0 oC during March and July to October found positive 0.001 to 2.93 and 0.28 to 2.91 for green leaf and T & B productivity, respectively. The mean monthly rainfall amounting 52.7 to 664.7 mm during March, May, July to October and 52.7 to 488.4 mm during June, July, September and October also showed positive sensitivity with values ranging from 0.03 to 0.33 and 0.007 to 0.35 for green leaf and T & B yield, respectively. The relative humidity ranging between 41.2 to 77.3% during April to May for green leaf yield (0.32 to 1.71) and during April to May and October for two leaf and bud yield (0.00 to 1.70) showed positive relationship. So, maximum and minimum temperature between 20.0 to 29.0 oC and 9.1 to 20.0 oC, respectively with rainfall of 52.7 to 488.4 mm and relative humidity 41.2 to 77.3% are the most beneficial weather parameters for tea cultivation at Palampur conditions.
Genetic variability and divergence analysis for yield and yield contributing traits in released varieties of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under partially reclaimed saline sodic soil
Authors: Kumar Arun , Bharti Baudh , Kumar Jaydev , Verma P. N. , Jaiswal J. P. , Singh G. P. , Vishwakarma S. R.
Published: January 2019

Genetic variability is the back bone of crop improvement programme, effectiveness of selection depends upon nature and magnitude of genetic variability present in the genetic material. The aim of the present study was that to identify the potential genotypes performing well under partially reclaimed saline- sodic soil (pH 8.6-8.9, EC = 4-4.2 dSm-1, ESP = > 15). Sixty four released varieties of barley collected from Directorate of Wheat Research, Karnal were grown during rabi season 2010-11, showing wide spectrum of variation for various characters. The characters studied were yield and yield contributing traits; namely plant height, days to maturity, fertile tillers / plant, length of main spike, grains per main spike, 1000-grains weight, grain yield per plant. The data on 7 characters was utilized for estimation of mean, range and least significant differences. The varieties RD-2552(8.52), HBL-276(8.35), RD- 2592(8.17), PL-419(8.15), Kedar(8.11), PL-751(8.10), JB-58(8.06), K-508(7.96) produced higher grain yield per plant and showed high to very high mean performance for several other yield component also. These selected varieties can be used in breeding program and can be recommended direct cultivation under partially reclaimed salinesodic soil.
Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) approach on Nutritional Diagnosis in Fruit crops- A Review
Authors: Savita Savita , R Krishnappa , Ngangom Bidyapati , Devi M. Thoithoi , Mishra Gaurav , Rawat Deepa , Srivastava P. C.
Published: January 2019

Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) is widely used statistical approach for interpretation of the plant tissue analysis data and to diagnose the plant nutreint needs much earlier than the reduction of crop yield with greater accuracy. It helps in simultaneous identifying imbalances, deficiencies and excesses of crop nutrients and ranks them in the order of their importance for their remedial steps. The DRIS norms based on foliar composition can developed in any crop and at any stage of its development. It provides a mathematical means of ordering large number of nutrient ratios into nutrient indices that can be easily interpreted. The nutrient ranges been established as deficient, low, optimum, high and excessive based on the mean of nutrient concentration and standard deviation from high yielding population to serve as a guide for a quick and routine diagnostic and advisory purpose. The major advantage of DRIS lies in its ability to minimize the effect of variation in tissue age on diagnosis, which allows a choice of wider range of tissues than permissible under the conventional critical value approach. Thus, DRIS is holistic in nature for identification of nutrient imbalance in crops and formulation of nutrient management strategies for achieving higher yields.
Indice
Authors: - -
Published: January 2019

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Renta ambiental del monte
Authors: Campos Palacín P.
Published: January 2019

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Nuevos retos y oportunidades de mejora en la lucha contra incendios forestales y sus consecuencias
Authors: Vega Hidalgo J.A.
Published: January 2019

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Contribución de la ganadería extensiva al mantenimiento de las funciones de los ecosistemas forestales
Authors: Fernández Rebollo P. , Carbonero Muñoz M.D. , García Moreno A.
Published: January 2019

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Gestión de zonas verdes urbanas y periurbanas para la conservación de la biodiversidad: el caso de Vitoria-Gasteiz
Authors: De Juana Aranzana F.
Published: January 2019

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Las necesidades de I+D+i y de formación de la industria primaria de la madera en España
Authors: Fernández-Golfín Seco J. I. , Hermoso Prieto E.
Published: January 2019

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Intervención inaugural
Authors: R. Serrada Hierro,
Published: January 2019

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Efecto de las avenidas generadas después de eventos torrenciales extraordinarios sobre la salud mental de la población
Authors: P. Lucas Borja, , M.E. Lucas-Borja, , V. Gil, , A. Fontalba, , J.M. Pena Andreu,
Published: January 2019

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Caracterización de una red hídrica fuertemente alterada: el caso del arroyo de El Partido
Authors: Mintegui Aguirre, J.A., Robredo Sánchez, J.C. Huelin Rueda, P.,
Published: January 2019

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Delimitación de la zona amenazada por aludes, en el área dominada del torrente de Estiviellas (Canfranc-Estación, Huesca)
Authors: Hurtado, R., Mintegui, J.A. Fernández-Santos, P., Songini, G.,
Published: January 2019

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Bir Kedide İntrakranial Psammomatöz Meningioma Olgusu
Authors: Özsoy Şule Yurdagül , Yumusak Nihat , Özkul Ayhan
Published: January 2019

Bu çalışmada, halsizlik,
kafasını sağa sola çarpma, yürümede güçlük, görmede bozukluk gibi klinik
bulgularla ötenazisi yapılan, 17 yaşlı, erkek bir kedide intrakranial
psammomatöz meningioma olgusu tanımlandı. Hayvan sahibinin isteği ile kedi
ötenazi edildi.  Histolojik incelemede,
atipik özellikler gösteren, mekik şekilli, belirgin eozinofilik sitoplazmalı,
yuvarlak çekirdekli hücrelerin aralarında yoğun kollajen demetlerin varlığı
görüldü. Ayrıca çok sayıda konsantrik lamellasyonlardan oluşan girdapların merkezlerinde
bazofilik mineralizasyon alanlarının olduğu psammom adacıkları dikkati çekti.
Bu yapıların aralarında yarıklar halinde kollesterin kristallerinin olduğu fark
edildi. Sonuç olarak kedilerde sık rastlandığı bildirilen ancak ülkemizde ilk
kez bir kedide saptanan intrakranial psammomatöz meningioma makroskobik ve
mikroskobik bulguları ile tanımlanmıştır.
Tissue Enginnering Products and Biomaterials in Wound Healing in Veterinary Medicine
Authors: Dalğın Duygu , Meral Yücel
Published: January 2019

Current
practice of regenerative medicine succesfully takes the advantages of tissue
engineering products and biomaterials consisted of scaffolds,
cells and biologically active molecules. With the help of these products,
restoration, maintainance and healing of damaged tissues became faster, cost
effective and the most important provides patient comfort with considerably
less suffering. These materials are also introduced to veterinary practice, but
unfortunately has not been benefited sufficiently yet. This review overviews
the features, efficiencies and areas of utilization in wound healing in veterinary
practice, of these commercially available and efficient materials.
Effects of Systemically Used Midazolam, Ketamine and Isoflurane Anesthetic Agents on Intraocular Pressure and Tear Production in Rabbits
Authors: Erol Muharrem , Erol Hanifi , Atalan Gültekin , Doğan Zafer , Yönez Muhammed Kaan , Melek Şule
Published: January 2019

The aim of this
study was to determine of the effects of midazolam, ketamine and isoflurane
anesthetic agents on tear production and intraocular pressure in rabbits. In
this study twenty healthy (n=20) male white New Zealand rabbits (mean weight
2.20 ± 0.50 kg, age 16 weeks) were used. Anesthesia was performed intramuscular
(IM) midazolam 3 mg/kg, and ketamine 30 mg/kg in group I. In second group (Group
II), after midazolam and ketamine injections isoflurane 2% was used for general
anesthesia. After anesthesia means intraocular pressure (IOP) decreased in both
groups. Intraocular pressure in first group (Group I) was 10.3 ± 0.85 mmHg
(right eyes), 11.4 ± 0.95 mmHg (left eyes) while it was 8.5 ± 0.85 mmHg (right
eyes), 8.3 ± 0.85 mmHg (left eyes) n group II. The result of this study show
that systemically used midazolam, ketamine and isoflurane anesthetic agents
decrease IOP and tear secretion in rabbits.
Bazı Kaba Yemlere Farklı Seviyelerde İlave Edilen Söğüt Ağacı (Salix Alba) Yaprağının İn Vitro Sindirim ve Metan Oluşumu Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: Oruç Ahmet , Avcı Mehmet
Published: January 2019

Bu araştırma, ruminant
beslenmesinde yaygın olarak kullanılan buğday samanı, yonca kuru otu ve mısır
silajına farklı oranlarda (% 0, % 10, % 25, % 50, % 75 ve % 100) eklenilen
söğüt ağacı (Salix alba) yaprağının (SAY) in vitro
metan gazı oluşumuna etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Farklı oranlarda
SAY eklenmiş deneme yemleri in vitro
gaz tekniği ile 24 saatlik inkubasyona bırakılmıştır. İn vitro gaz üretim
tekniği ile 24 saat içerisinde meydana gelen gaz bilgisayar destekli metan gazı
ölçüm cihazına özel bir düzenekle enjekte edilerek metan gazı miktarları ölçülmüştür.
SAY’da kuru maddede 105 g/kg seviyesinde kondanse tanen içeriği belirlenmiştir.
En düşük metan üretimi buğday samanına % 50 ve 75, yonca kuru otuna ve mısır
silajına % 75 seviyelerinde SAY ilave edilen gruplarda elde edilmiştir
(P<0.05). En düşük amonyak azot değeri, yonca kuru otuna % 50 ve % 75
seviyelerinde SAY eklenen gruplarda saptanmıştır (P<0.001). Ancak buğday
samanına eklenen SAY amonyak azot değerini yükseltmiştir (P<0.01). Sonuç
olarak SAY’nın kaba yemlere eklenmesi, in
vitro denemelerinde metan gazı oluşumunu düşürmüştür. SAY ilavesi metabolik
enerji (ME) değerleri ile in vitro
organik madde sindirilme derecesini (İVOMS) buğday samanında artırırken, yonca
kuru otu ve mısır silajında düşürmüştür. Ayrıca SAY’nın hayvan performansı
üzerindeki etkisinin ortaya konulabilmesi için in vivo çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır
Hipertrofik Kardiyomyopatili Kedilerde Trombosit ve Ortalama Trombosit Hacmi Düzeyleri Erken Emboli Oluşumunu Belirlemede Kullanılabilir mi?
Authors: Çolakoğlu Ekrem Çağatay , Alihosseini Hadi , Haydardedeoğlu Ali Evren
Published: January 2019

Hipertrofik
kardiyomyopati (HCM) kedilerin sıklıkla rapor edilen kalp hastalığıdır.
Arterial thromboembolizm (ATE) ise thrombüs fragmentlerinin arteriyal dolaşıma
girerek damarlarda obstrüksiyon yaratması sonucu ilişkili klinik belirtilerin
ortaya çıkması olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada; ATE’in eşlik ettiği
HCM’li kedilerde, ATE’in bulunmadığı HCM’li kedilerle karşılaştırıldığında
artmış koagülasyon aktivitesi (düşük trombosit, yüksek MPV düzeyleri) ile
ilgili hipotez değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma çeşitli yaş ve ırklardaki 25 kedi
ile gerçekleştirildi. HCM teşhisinde; sağ parasternal kısa eksende sol
ventriküler konsantrik hipertrofi ve sol ventriküler duvar kalınlığı (LVWd ≥6 mm) kriterleri baz alındı. Sağ kısa eksende
artmış sol atrium/aort oranı (LA/Ao > 2 mm) belirlendi. Diğer
Ekokardiyografik değerlendirmeler için sağ parasternal uzun eksen (sağ PLAX) ve
M mod kullanıldı. Çalışmada hastalar (n:25); grup 1 (HCM+ATE; n:9) ve grup 2
(HCM; n: 16) olarak sınıflandırıldı. Grup 1’de trombosit (PLT) ortalamaları
grup 2 ile karşılaştırıldığında daha düşük olmasına rağmen gruplar arasında
istatistiki farklılığa rastlanmadı (p < 0,05). Ortalama trombosit hacmi (MPV)
ortalamaları ise Grup 1’de grup 2’ye göre daha yüksek olmasına rağmen gruplar
arasında istatistiki olarak fark saptanmadı. Sonuç olarak; her ne kadar ATE’nin
eşlik ettiği HCM’li kedilerde artmış hiperkoagülatif durumun göstergesi olan
daha düşük PLT ve daha yüksek MPV düzeyleri bulunduysa da, bu parametrelerin
erken thrombüs oluşumunu ortaya koymadaki kullanılabilirliğini belirlemek için
daha geniş olgu sayılı prospektif çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.
Teke Spermasının +4 ⁰C’de Payet, Ependorf ve Falkon Tüplerinde Saklanmasının Spermatolojik Parametreler Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: İnanç Muhammed Enes , Güngör Şükrü , Dinç Fatıma , Ata Ayhan
Published: January 2019

Bu çalışmanın amacı,
Honamlı teke spermasının kısa süreli saklanmasında farklı büyüklükteki payet ve
deney tüplerinin spermatolojik parametrelere etkisini araştırmaktır.
Araştırmada beş baş Honamlı tekesi kullanıldı. Tekelerden haftada iki kez suni
vagina yardımıyla üreme sezonu içinde sperma alındı. Her bir tekeden alınan
nativ ejakülatlar birleştirilerek tris yumurta sarısı sulandırıcısı ile
sulandırıldı ve payet (0.25; 0.5 ml), Ependorf tüpü (0.5; 1.5 ml), Falkon tüpü
(15; 50 ml) olarak 6 farklı grup oluşturuldu ve +4 ⁰C’de saklandı. Gruplar
oluşturulduktan sonra 24 saat aralıklarla spermatolojik parametreler 96. saate
kadar sperma motilitesi (%), morfolojik bütünlük (%), membran bütünlüğü (HOS
test, %) yönünden incelendi. Morfolojik bütünlük yönünden gruplar arasında
istatistiki olarak farklılık bulunmazken (P>0.05); 96. saatin sonunda en
yüksek motilite (%57.50±2.50) ve membran bütünlüğü (%56.00±3.73) 0.5 ml’lik
payet grubunda tespit edildi (P<0.05). Sonuç olarak  +4 ⁰C’deki saklama koşullarında motilite ve
membran bütünlüğü açısından en iyi sonuç 0.5 ml’lik payet grubunda tespit
edildi.
Practical Field Applications for Reducing Infectious Diseases of 0-6 Months Calves and Their Results
Authors: Kasap Sevim , Temızel Ethem Mutlu , Akgul Gulsah , Senturk Sezgin
Published: January 2019

Neonatal calf
diseases are among the most common diseases in cattle breeding. In order to
prevent these diseases; it is important that the care and feeding of the calves
are carried out correctly. Furthermore, care and feeding of the mother in dry
period is also important as it affects the health of both mother and calf.
Moreover, maternal antibodies in colostrum are effective in prevention of many
diseases for the newborn calves. The incidence of deaths in cattle is generally
greater at 0-6 months of ages. In this study, diseases and mortalities of
calves between the age 0 and 6 months were evaluated in a farm of dairy cattle
Antalya, Turkey, between the years 2013 and 2014.
İneklerde Tohumlama Sonrası Uygulanan Lesirelin Asetat (GnRH Analogu)'ın Gebelik Oranları Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: Can Coşkun , Yıldız Hamit
Published: January 2019

Bu çalışmada, ineklere
suni tohumlama sonrası farklı yollardan lesirelin asetat enjeksiyonlarının
gebelik oranları üzerindeki etkisi araştırıldı. Materyal olarak postpartum
50-120. günler arasında kendiliğinden östrüse gelen, düzenli aralıklarla
seksüel siklus gösteren ve bu süreçte herhangi bir klinik bozukluk göstermeyen
farklı ırk ve yaştan 180 inek kullanıldı. Çalışmada kullanılan inekler rastgele
4 gruba ayrıldı. A grubunda bulunan (n= 50) hayvanlara suni tohumlamadan hemen
sonra 50 µg lesirelin asetat, B grubu (n=40), hayvanlara 2 ml serum fizyolojik üst
epidural boşluğa uygulandı. C grubu (n=50), hayvanlara suni tohumlamadan hemen
sonra kas içi 50 µg lesirelin asetat, D grubuna (n=40), 2 ml serum fizyolojik gene
kas içi olarak enjekte edildi. Lesirelin asetatın üst epidural boşluğa
uygulandığı A ve B grubunda hayvanların gebelik oranları (sırasıyla % 64, % 45)
arasında farklılığın istatistiki açıdan anlamlı olduğu (P<0.05) görüldü. Kas
içi uygulama yapılan C ve D grubunda gebelik oranları (sırasıyla % 60, % 52,5)
yönüyle arasındaki farkın anlamlı olmadığı (P>0.05) belirlendi. Ayrıca, üst epidural
ve kas içi GnRH uygulanan gruplar arasında da istatistiki bir farkın (P>0.05)
olmadığı tespit edildi. Sonuç olarak, yapılan
çalışmada kendiliğinden östrüse gelen ineklere tohumlama ile birlikte epidural
yolla uygulanan GnRH enjeksiyonlarının gebelik oranlarını artırmada faydalı
olacağı kanaatine varıldı. 