bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Iatrogenic damage in restorative tooth preparation and management
Authors: Basudan Thuraya Abdulrahim , Alghaythi Khalid Shami , Abuhabshah Ali Abdullah , Muhareb Abdullah Khaled Bin , Alshahrani Mastour Safar , Alabdulaziz Noura Fahad , Algthaiae Mohammed Saeed , Alzaidi Maram Abdulshakur , Alandonisi Alaa Mohammad , Alareshi Maryam Talal , Bazuhair Lama Mohammed
Published: June 2021

Iatrogenic damage in restorative teeth preparation and management constitute a significant issue that dentists and surgeons might face during and after restoration procedures. Many presentations can be observed for the injured enamel following iatrogenic damage as the presence of fine scratches, 1 mm wide vertical grooves, extensive damage and indentations. Following the occurrence of such complications, subsequent changes to the properties of the affected areas can significantly increase the risk of developing dental caries. It is essential to shedding more light on such phenomena to increase awareness among dentists and physicians and to enhance the potential outcomes. Accordingly, in this literature review, the aim was to discuss the iatrogenic damage in restorative teeth preparation and management as per evidence from the current studies in the literature. At first, the discussion was around the different types of iatrogenic injuries based on the affected regions and the incidence of adjacent teeth injury during restoration was high. Moreover, it had been discussed the potential mechanisms and contributing factors that might flare up the injury and increase the risk of significant damage induction. Hypersensitivity and using rough materials are two common factors that may induce inflammation and induce damage. Further investigations might be needed for the implication of safe practices for surgeons and dentists to enhance the outcomes.
Surrogacy in India: ethics versus incentive
Authors: Kaur Gurleen , Chawla Rakesh
Published: June 2021

The word surrogacy has its origin among the Latin term “surrogatus” which suggests a lady acts as a substitute for a pregnant woman. Surrogacy has been in practice form last thirty years. The surrogacy regulated by business can be classified as then, altruistic surrogacy and commercial surrogacy. The paper aim to conduct systematic review on surrogacy. The literature review was conducted using PubMed and alternative search engines. Further, additional information concerning the constitutional articles was collected from search engines like legal service of India, prsinndia.org, icmr.nic.in, Press Information Bureau, Wikipedia, IJCM and Indiankanoon. In India, surrogacy is legally recognised since 2002. This paper looks into various aspects of surrogacy. Factors faced by the surrogate mother such as exploitation, psychological conditions, human rights, dignity and respect, feminism and religious issues are explored. The paper discuss the economic benefit is mostly enjoyed by the medical practitioners. The Indian government tried to curb the problems by updating the law to overcome the challenges but with time government introduce the surrogacy bill in 2016 which addressed many issues and still in 2020 it address various aspects of surrogacy to prevent the exploitation.
The impact of COVID-19 imposed lockdown in India in 2020
Authors: Sahanaa Chandar , Murugan Yuvaraja
Published: June 2021

The World Health Organization declared COVID-19 pandemic as Public Health Emergency of International Concern on January 30, 2019. Lockdown was introduced as a preventive strategy to reduce the community transmission of the SARS CoV-2. This paper throws light into some unseen circumstances and challenges faced during the COVID-19 pandemic imposed lockdown. Socio-economic and healthcare crises, plight of migrants, mental health of women during the lockdown, stressful online classes for students and teachers, etc are few challenges faced during the period. However few noteworthy incidents during lockdown includes use of virtual reality in the field of telemedicine, couples on infertility treatment managed to concieve naturally, other survivors in the ecosysytem like birds and animals have enjoyed the environment. To conclude the pandemic imposed lockdown has not only helped in prevention and control of infectious diseases but also reminded us to address the new lifestyle changes and rising burden of mental health.
Seasons and pediatric dermatoses: a cross-sectional observational study in an urban skin hospital
Authors: Horatti Laxmi B. , N. R. Kumar Dilip , Shashikiran A. R.
Published: June 2021

Background: It is a well-known that climatic conditions and seasonal variation have a direct effect on skin and the prevalence of certain skin diseases change directly with changing seasons. The presence of certain skin diseases in children reflect the status of health, hygiene and personal cleanliness of the society. The aim of the study was to know the prevalence of various skin conditions in different seasons.

Methods: All fresh cases of children under 12 years of age attending the skin OPD were recorded and were divided based on the three seasons i.e.; summer winter and rainy. The results were statistically evaluated.

Results: The top six conditions of our study were impetigo, miliaria, pityriasis alba, scabies, xerosis and papular urticaria. Impetigo and miliaria were more common during summer season, xerosis during winter season and scabies during rainy season.

Conclusions: Different climatic conditions have varied effect on the skin and may lead to various dermatoses. To effectively corelate between seasons and skin conditions more such extensive studies on different population and ethnic groups have to be conducted.
Clinical profile of cutaneous adverse effects induced by topical corticosteroids and their source of information
Authors: Zaidi Aliza , Saxena Kshitij , Koti Ven R. , Singh Anukriti , Khalid Ayesha , Jamil Reyan A.
Published: June 2021

Background: Steroids are a wide range of chemical molecules that have varying physiological effects. Corticosteroids own anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. They also have anti-proliferative effects on keratinocytes. The present study was undertaken to study the clinical aspects of the use of topical corticosteroids leading to adverse effects and to know the source of information leading to its abuse.

Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was carried out on cutaneous adverse effects of TC attending the dermatology outpatient department of Era’s Lucknow medical college and hospital between December 2018 and November 2020. The patients who applied TC for more than 1 month were taken into account. Patients who had cutaneous adverse effects suggestive of TC without details of agents were excluded.

Results: Present study explored the patterns of use of topical corticosteroid, and its associated adverse effects in a total of 380 patients (aged 3 to 71 years; mean age 27.33±11.78 years; 52.9% males). Itching (72.4%), burning skin (64.5%) and skin color change (62.4%) were the three most common presenting complaints. Dermatophytoses (66.6%), acne (17.4%) and skin lightening (6.3%) were the three most common indications for use of topical corticosteroids.

Conclusions: The present study showed that the practice of using non-dermatologist prescribed topical corticosteroid use is highly prevalent and is associated with a high burden of adverse effects. To prevent this there is a need to spread awareness regarding harms associated with abuse of non-dermatologist prescribed topical corticosteroid use.
Syphilis on the rise-a retrospective study at a tertiary care hospital in Northeast India
Authors: Thokchom Nandakishore , Meka Bharath , Kongbam Linda , S. Mrudula , Salam Erika , Ananto Tana , Yumnam Deepa , Valsalan Bhavya
Published: June 2021

Background: Syphilis is an important sexually transmitted disease known for quite a long time. Its recognition and efficient treatment have become all the more necessary in the era of HIV epidemic in many clinical situations.

Methods: A retrospective observational study of 7 years (January 2013 to December 2019) in 43 patients of confirmed syphilis attending regional institute of medical sciences (RIMS), Imphal.

Results: During 7-year study period a sharp rise in syphilis cases were present from 2018 till the end of the study. Out of 43 patients, 39 were males. The most common age group was 25-40 years. Half of them were married. Maximum were heterosexuals and only 8 were homosexuals. Premarital and extra marital exposures were seen in 18 and 3 patients respectively. Patients presented in different forms-primary (48.6%), latent (25.7%) and secondary syphilis (22.8%). No cases of congenital syphilis and neurosyphilis were seen. VDRL titres ranged from 1:4 to 1:32. Six patients had HIV co-infection. No atypical presentations were seen.

Conclusions: Increasing cases of syphilis have been observed in recent years. Syphilis screening and prompt treatment amongst risk groups have become crucial along with proper surveillance and public health measures to prevent disease transmission.
The study of epidemiological, clinical, histopathological and dermoscopic features of lichen planus
Authors: Horatti Laxmi B. , Rayapati Abhiram , N. R. Dilip Kumar , A. R. Shashikiran
Published: June 2021

Background: Lichen planus (LP) is a common papulosquamous condition seen by the dermatologists. It can involve the skin, mucous mebranes, hair and nails. There are many subtypes of LP with various clinical, histopathological and dermoscopic features. In this study we intended to study the epidemiological, clinical, histopathological and dermoscopic features of LP.

Methods: A total of 73 patients of LP, above the age of 18 years who qualified the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. A proforma of epidemiological details was noted, clinical and dermoscopic examination of the lesions were done. The punch biopsy specimens of cutaneous lesions were subjected to histopathological examination and the findings noted.

Results: Out of the 73 patients included in the study, 44 were males and 29 females with a ratio of 1.51:1. Classic LP was the commonest type of LP. Wickham’s striae (WS) was the most typical and commonest dermoscopic feature of cutaneous LP except lichen planus pigmentosus. Hyperkeratosis, hypergranulosis, acanthosis, band shaped lymphocytic infiltrate, melanophages, basal cell degeneration and saw tooth shaped rete ridges were the significant histopathological features.

Conclusions: LP is more common in young adults and shows a male preponderance. WS is the most important diagnostic feature seen on dermoscopy of all the cutaneous types of LP excluding LPP. Interface dermatitis with a band of lymphocytic infiltrates and dermal melanophages is a notable feature of histopathology of LP.
Rapid development of multiple nonmelanoma skin cancers secondary to ruxolitinib: a case report
Authors: Nessel Trevor A. , Morris Jeffrey B. , Roshak Tyler , Sofen Bryan D.
Published: June 2021

Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors are immunosuppressive medications that function by deactivating the JAK-STAT pathway causing inhibition of cellular growth. Ruxolitinib is a JAK inhibitor that is commonly used to treat disease processes such as myelofibrosis, polycythemia vera and graft versus host disease, with some evidence of benefit with prostate cancer as well. Side effects of ruxolitinib include increased risk of infection, pancytopenia, cardiovascular disease and malignancy relating to the medication’s immunosuppressive effects. Here we reported a 69-year-old male with prostate cancer being treated with ruxolitinib who developed multiple nonmelanoma skin cancers over a 13-month period.
Paint brush hair: a case report
Authors: Munusamy Rajesh , Sekar Aishwarya Lakshmi
Published: June 2021

Trichorrhexis nodosa (TN) is an hair shaft disorder presenting with whitish nodes all over the hair (diffuse form) or localized to an area (localized form) and could be either congenital or acquired. TNis ultimately a response to physical or chemical trauma that leads to formation of nodes along the hair shaft. Here, we reported a case of TNof the beard, diagnosed clinically and through trichoscopy. Patient was advised to shave his beard hair and to avoid brushing completely. On follow-up, the patient was symptomatically better. Based on this, TNof the beard was confirmed.
Cutaneous hyperalgesia in the setting of COVID-19 infection: reporting 2 cases from North India
Authors: Bhattacharya Ipshita , Kanwar Ananta , Sachdeva Keshav , Choudhary Vishnu
Published: June 2021

COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease) infection can manifest with a variety of dermatological and neurological symptoms which might have similar underlying patho-mechanisms. Here we report 2 cases of rt-PCR (Real time PCR) positive COVID infection who developed cutaneous hyperalgesia during the illness and review the case reports, case series, and other literature available on this symptom. We found that out of the total 13 reported cases (including the two cases reported here), most common onset of this symptom was within the first 3 days of illness (median duration ten days). Common sites of involvement included abdomen and back, but chest, arms and legs could also be involved. Warm baths, gabapentin and pregabalin showed good efficacy in relieving the symptom. The exact pathogenesis remains unclear but is hypothesised to be due to the neurotrophic properties of the virus and/or the inflammatory cytokines released during the illness. Further studies are necessary to expand the scope of knowledge in this regard.
Juvenile type II Waardenburg syndrome: a rare case report in Kerala
Authors: V. Abhijith , Thomas John , James Jisha , Dileep Niveditha
Published: June 2021

Rare diseases are many in number but their treatments are less, as most of these rare diseases are genetical and there is no complete cure for a genetic disorder. Waardenburg syndrome (WS) is one among that type of rare genetic disorder thus the treatment is limited but the number of cases are increasing. This was the case report of a newborn baby showing major symptoms of WS. The patient got it through paternally. To make a final conclusion, various diagnostic tests were conducted including the family history as the patient's father had premature grey hairs and white patches on the body. Even though there is no complete cure for this disease condition, the sign and symptoms can be controlled before making it into a major disability. This case report typically dealt with the major types, clinical presentation, diagnosis and supportive therapy for a patient diagnosed with WS. Also showed the crucial role of consanguineous parents on this syndrome because the children affecting this rare syndrome are increasing. This report showed that further studies are required to check how the colour of the hair is changing in WS patients and what is happening to the gene involved in the production of melanin. Also, studies are required the find why WS typically affecting the major sensory organs such as eyes, ears, nose and skin.
Epidemiology of urinary candidiasis and antifungal susceptibility pattern of various Candida species at a rural tertiary health care centre of Puducherry, South India- An observational study
Authors: Sankar Ranganathan Udhaya , Rafi Nagma , Rangasamy Gopal , Thiyagarajan Mangaiyarkarasi , Shivekar Sunil
Published: June 2021

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common health problem across the globe. Although majority of them are bacterial in origin, there has been an increasing trend in the incidence of UTI due to the yeast like fungi, . UTI due to are in large proportion noscomially acquired and of growing concern is the development of resistance to the commonly used azole group of drugs for their treatment. Since the resistance is more commonly reported among non- albicans , routine species identification and antifungal susceptibility testing is crucial for successful clinical outcomes.

This study was conducted to analyse the distribution and risk factors associated with Urinary candidiasis and also to determine the resistance patterns of different to various antifungal agents using phenotypic methods.

: A hospital based observational study was conducted from September 2016 to December 2017 on patients presenting with symptomatic UTI. isolates were speciated using phenotypic methods like germ tube test and growth character on chromagar . Antifungal susceptibility to fluconazole, voriconazole, ketoconazole and amphotericin B were determined using disc diffusion method.

All data were anlyzed using EpiData Analysis software version 2.2.2.186.

A total of 101 were isolated. The incidence of Urinary candidiasis was more among females (66.4%) than in males (33.6%). People above 50 years (38.6%) were commonly affected followed by people in the age group of 21-30 years (22.7%). The incidence among hospitalized patients was 86.7% and urinary catheterization (43.5%) was the most commonly associated risk factor. The most common isolates were tropicalis (31.6%) followed by albicans (21.7%). The overall resistance patterns among various were 50.5%, 32.7%, 19.9% and 2% for fluconazole, ketoconazole, voriconazole and amphotericin B respectively.

Hospitalization and urinary catheterization are the important risk factors for developing urinary candidiasis. The antifungal susceptibility varies among different and hence, identification of to species level along with antifungal susceptibility testing should be practiced as a routine in all clinical mycology laboratories.
Influence of lens position as detected by an anterior segment analysis system on postoperative refraction in cataract surgery
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China, Zhang Jia-Ju , Li Chen ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China, Cao Yi-Hong ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China, Lu Pei-Rong ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
Published: June 2021

AIM: To predict postoperative intraocular lens (IOL) position using the Sirius anterior segment analysis system and investigate the effect of lens position and IOL type on postoperative refraction.
METHODS: A total of 97 patients (102 eyes) were enrolled in the final analysis. An anterior segment biometry measurement was performed preoperatively with Sirius and Lenstar. The results of predicted lens position (PLP) and IOL power were automatically calculated by the software used by the instruments. Effective lens position (ELP) was measured manually using Sirius 3mo postoperatively. Pearson’s correlation analysis and linear regression analysis were used to determine the correlation of lens position to other parameters.
RESULTS: PLP and ELP were positively correlated to axial length (AL; r=0.42, P<0.0001 and r=0.49, P<0.0001, respectively). There was a weak correlation between the peLP (ELP-PLP) and the prediction error of spherical refraction (peSR; r=0.34, P<0.0001). The peLP of Softec HD IOL differed statistically from those of both the TECNIS ZCB00 and Sensor AR40E IOLs. Multiple linear regression was used to obtain the prediction formula: ELP=0.66+0.63× [aqueous depth (AQD)+0.6LT] (r=0.61, P<0.0001), and a new variable (AQD+0.6 LT) was found to have the strongest correlation with ELP.
CONCLUSION: The Sirius anterior segment analysis system is helpful to predict ELP, which reduces postoperative refraction error.
Impacto económico del covid-19 en negocios pequeños y medianos bajo restricciones voluntarias e impuestas
Authors: Bejarano Hernán , Hancevic Pedro , Núñez Héctor M.
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: Analizar el impacto que la pandemia ocasionada por el nuevo coronavirus (covid-19) ha tenido en los gastos, ventas, expectativas, percepción de las políticas del gobierno, medidas remediales y de adaptación frente a la crisis, de pequeñas y medianas empresas (pymes) comerciales y de servicio en la zona metropolitana de Aguascalientes.
Metodología: Descripción de los resultados de la encuesta, pruebas no-paramétricas, estimación de la matriz de transición y análisis de regresión.
Resultados: Evidencia de a) una dramática caída en los ingresos frente a cierta inflexibilidad hacia la baja de los gastos, b) dispares estrategias que los establecimientos han adoptado para sobrellevar la crisis y diferentes resultados correlacionados con ellas, c) expectativas pesimistas de que se regrese pronto a la normalidad.
Limitaciones e implicaciones: Dificultad de identificar causalidad y generalización de los resultados.
Originalidad y valor: Encuesta extendida que caracteriza la situación económica previa a la pandemia del covid-19 y durante la misma, tanto así como las expectativas de establecimientos comerciales y de servicios en México.
Conclusiones: Un gran número de pymes estaría en una situación económica comprometida en el presente y futuro inmediato como resultado de la pandemia ocasionada por el nuevo coronavirus. Se resalta la necesidad de desarrollo de políticas y estrategias que mejoren sus posibilidades de supervivencia. 
 
Recepción: 19/10/2020
Aceptación: 28/01/2021
Effect of Magnesium Sulphate on Postoperative Analgesia Requirements in Caesarean Section - A Retrospective Study in a Tertiary Care Rural Hospital in Midnapore, West Bengal
Authors: Pal Abirbhab , Pal Dilip Kumar , Dasgupta Anjan
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND Post caesarean section pain requires effective analgesia. Effective analgesia is integral to improvement of quality and patient care among lower segment caesarean section (LSCS) patients. Magnesium, an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist along with calcium-channel blocker, has previously been investigated for its analgesic properties. But there is scanty previous literature available for intramuscular magnesium sulphate in the analgesic role in post caesarean mothers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of existing MgSO4 regimens (among severe pregnancy induced hypertension patients, excluding eclampsia) during early 1st 24 hours’ postoperative analgesic requirements in caesarean section patients comparing to only analgesic group. METHODS It is a retrospective observational study, conducted from January 2019 to June 2020. Patients were randomly selected, normal patients as control = 50 who got post-operative inj. diclofenac 75 mg IM twice a day and rescue analgesia inj. diclofenac 75 mg IM. Test sample comprised of 50 randomly selected severe pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) patients who got prophylactic inj. magnesium sulphate by Pritchard regimen for 24 hrs. post delivery with 4 gm 20 % inj. magnesium sulphate intravenous with 10 gm 50 % intramuscular in both buttocks as loading dose followed by 5 gm 50 % inj. magnesium sulphate intramuscular 4th hourly for 24 hrs. along with inj. diclofenac 75 mg IM twice a day. Visual analogue scale for pain was noted among both the groups, and were compared for the effect of analgesics in the study groups. RESULTS There was a decrease in analgesic consumption and immediate post-operative pain in the group receiving MgSO4 with analgesic (inj. diclofenac 75 mg), in comparison to control group of inj. diclofenac 75 mg. (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS There was a decrease in analgesic consumption in the group receiving MgSO4 plus analgesic, in comparison to control group (analgesic group). Pain severity assessment 2, 6, 12 and 24 hours post operatively showed that there was a statistically significant decrease in pain scores between the study and the control groups (P < 0.0001). It established the role of magnesium sulphate as an adjuvant analgesic along with diclofenac or other traditionally used pain medications among the post caesarean mothers in early post-operative period. KEYWORDS Analgesia, Pregnancy, Post-Operative Analgesia, Magnesium Sulphate, Lower Segment Caesarean Section (LSCS), Pain Relief, Obstetrics
SGLT-2 Inhibitors - A Systematic Review of their Extra-Glycaemic Benefits and Safety Profile
Authors: Mani Pushkar , Vohra Anusha , Jain Shipra
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND Type 2 Diabetes mellitus is a major cause of mortality due to its complications such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), stroke and end stage renal disease (ESRD). Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter-2 inhibitors is a new class of oral hypoglycaemics which impart additional benefits primarily on heart and kidney. The most commonly used drugs in this class include Canagliflozin, Dapagliflozin and Empagliflozin. However, these drugs are associated with certain adverse effects. This review aims to appraise the extra-glycaemic benefits and adverse effect profile of SGLT-2 inhibitors so as to minimize the morbidity and mortality associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS Thorough literature search was made using search engines like PubMed, Cochrane library, Medline and Google scholar to retrieve articles pertaining to extra glycaemic benefits and adverse effects of SGLT2i. RESULTS Majority of studies like CANVAS, EMPA-REG and DECLARE-TIMI done on Canagliflozin, Empagliflozin and Dapagliflozin respectively have concluded that these drugs possess additional benefits like reduced risk of heart failure, positive effects on kidney functions, favourable effects on body weight, reduced levels of uric acid and reduction in blood pressure. However, these drugs are associated with certain adverse effects like increased risk of genital and urinary tract infection. CONCLUSIONS The extra-glycaemic benefits of SGLT2i on heart, kidney and other parameters like body weight, uric acid and blood pressure have been proven by a number of studies conducted over several years. Nevertheless, these drugs are associated with certain adverse effects like increased risk of genital and urinary tract infection which can be mitigated by maintaining hydration, perineal hygiene and educating the patient. KEYWORDS Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter-2 Inhibitors, Type 2 Diabetes mellitus, Canagliflozin, Dapagliflozin, Empagliflozin, Extra Glycaemic Effects, Adverse effects
A Prospective Comparative Study of Efficacy and Pleiotropic Effect of Telmisartan versus Enalapril in Hypertensive Patients with Dyslipidaemia in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Visakhapatnam
Authors: Sanke Supriya , Karuppiah Chitra , Dumpala Hema Sundar Rao , Allu Sai Vishnu Vardhan , Bonela Syamala Shanthi Kumari
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND Hypertension is a silent killer, an asymptomatic chronic disorder if left untreated which results in major health problems. Goal of treatment is to decrease the morbidity and mortality associated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications of hypertension when it is associated with dyslipidaemia. The renin angiotensin system plays an important role in the regulation of blood pressure and in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Telmisartan is an ARB (angiotensin receptor blocker) and Enalapril is an ACE inhibitor. The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of Telmisartan with Enalapril in patients of essential hypertension with dyslipidaemia, and to observe the effects of Telmisartan and Enalapril on blood lipid levels of these patients. METHODS This is a prospective, randomized, comparative and open label study conducted among 70 patients who were included in the study and were divided in to two groups. Group A - consisting of 35 patients receiving Telmisartan 40 mg, and Group B receiving Enalapril 5 mg orally once a day. Informed consent was obtained from all the patients. Follow up was done after 4, 8 and 12 weeks. Blood pressure was recorded at every visit and lipid profile was done at the time of enrolment and after 12 weeks of study period. RESULTS Baseline demographic attributes were comparable between both the groups including total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). The mean reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) after 12 weeks was highly significant (P value < 0.001) in both the groups but when mean reduction in SBP & DBP was compared, there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) between the drugs. Blood levels of total cholesterol, LDL, triglyceride had significantly reduced (P < 0.05) in Telmisartan group compared to Enalapril group after 12 weeks of follow up and mean high density lipoprotein (HDL) level significantly increased in Telmisartan group (P < 0.05) but no increment was seen in Enalapril group. CONCLUSIONS Telmisartan and Enalapril had comparable antihypertensive effect and significant reduction in blood pressure was seen after 12 weeks of therapy in both the groups. In addition, Telmisartan showed more beneficial effects on lipid profile when compared to Enalapril. KEYWORDS Hypertension, Dyslipidemia, Lipid Profile, Telmisartan, Enalapril
A Comparative Study of Quality of Life in Caregivers of Patients with Schizophrenia and Mood Disorder at a Tertiary Care Psychiatric Hospital at Visakhapatnam
Authors: Rudraraju Rama Krishnam Raju , Molli Sivaramakrishna
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND Caregivers play a significant role in psychosocial management of mentally ill patients, as a result of an increasing shift of psychiatric care to the community. Nowadays, caregiver’s role becomes vital as psychiatric patients are receiving relatively short inpatient care, and early discharge from hospital. Caregivers of patients with major psychiatric disorders have diminished quality of life as these disorders are long-lasting. The purpose of this study was to compare the quality of life in caregivers of patients with schizophrenia and mood disorder METHODS This is a cross-sectional study. Sample consists of 60 caregivers of patients with schizophrenia and mood disorder, who are attending a government hospital for mental care. Data was collected and quality of life was assessed using world health organisation QOL - BREF (WHOQOL - BREF) questionnaire. Mean quality of life score of caregivers of patients with schizophrenia and mood disorder was compared. Higher the score, better the quality of life. RESULTS Sample consists of 34 females and 26 males. Mean quality of life score of caregivers of patients with schizophrenia and mood disorder was 79.3 and 82.3, respectively. There is a significant difference between the mean quality of life score of caregivers of schizophrenia and mood disorder group with a P - value 0.013 (< 0.05). Quality of life is better in caregivers of patients with mood disorder compared to schizophrenia, maybe due to the nature of the illness, i.e. continuous in schizophrenia and episodic type in mood disorder. CONCLUSIONS Measuring quality of life among caregivers can help initiate early intervention among vulnerable caregivers. By providing better health services and psychoeducation, caregivers quality of life can be improved, which improves the level of caregiving and also helps in enhancing the quality of life in mentally ill patients. KEYWORDS Caregivers, Quality of Life, Schizophrenia, Mood Disorder
Влияние школьного климата на девиантное поведение подростков
Authors: Умархаджиева С.Р.
Published: June 2021

В данной статье рассматриваются различные социальные и экологические факторы, влияющие на участие подростка в девиантном поведении. Серьезную обеспокоенность вызывает тот факт, что подростки имеют более высокий уровень безрассудства, нарушения норм и антиобщественного поведения, чем дети или взрослые. Подростковый возраст описан как время бурь и стрессов, чтобы продемонстрировать, что это особенно тяжелый период как для подростка, так и для его окружения.
Жанровая классификация музыки с помощью акустических признаков
Authors: Колесников Р.А.
Published: June 2021

В статье рассмотрены аудио признаки, которые наиболее часто используются в анализе и классификации аудио и представлен план разработки и краткий пример жанрового классификатора на языке программирования Python.
Программные средства автоматизации сметных расчетов
Authors: Николовский А.В. , Гулякин Д.В.
Published: June 2021

В данной статье рассматривается обзор и сравнение сметных автоматизированных программ, а также обзор функций программ, благодаря которым облегчается работа сметчика, затрагиваются необходимые нормативные базы и государственные стандарты. Кроме того, мы рассмотрим функциональные возможности программ составления смет и удобство интерфейса.
Биопрепараты и микроудобрения на посевах озимой пшеницы
Authors: Шалыгина А.А. , Бацазова Т.М.
Published: June 2021

В статье приведены результаты по изучению влияния биологических препаратов на содержание подвижных питательных веществ и микроэлементов в почве и структуру урожая растений озимой пшеницы в условиях лесостепной зоны РСО - Алания.
Вклад полиморфизма генов AGT, ACE и AGTR1 в предрасположенность к развитию сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний
Authors: Кобелев И.М. , Тулубенская А.И. , Щербинина Е.С.
Published: June 2021

По результатам многих исследований была выявлена взаимосвязь между наличием мутантных полиморфизмов генов AGT, ACE и AGTR1 и развитием сердечнососудистых заболеваний. Рассматриваемые полиморфизмы могут служить молекулярно-генетическими маркёрами для ранней диагностики болезней системы кровообращения (БСК), и их определение может предотвратить развитие распространённых заболеваний сердечно-сосудистой системы, в частности, инфаркта миокарда, инсульта, стенокардии и гипертензии.
Современный подход в диагностике и лечении гангрены Фурнье
Authors: Хакимов К.М. , Охунов А.О. , Касимов У.К.
Published: June 2021

В работе проанализированы некротическая инфекция области гениталий, в частности гангрена Фурнье. В обзоре рассмотрены вопросы частоты встречаемости, эпидемиологии, диагностики и тактики лечения. Показаны возможности применения методов физической санации патологического очага, в частности применение локального регулируемого отрицательного давления(NPWT), позволяющего значительно улучшить результаты лечения данной категории больных. Однако, сохраняются проблемы ранней диагностики гангрены Фурнье, с отсутствием критериев их прогнозирования.
6502 SAYILI TÜKETİCİNİN KORUNMASI HAKKINDA KANUN KAPSAMINDA TÜKETİCİ KREDİSİ VE KREDİ KARTI SÖZLEŞMELERİNDEKİ KİŞİSEL TEMİNATLARLA İLGİLİ DEĞERLENDİRMELER
Authors: CEYLAN Ebru
Published: June 2021

Tüketici kredisi sözleşmelerinde ve kredi kartı sözleşmelerinde

tüketicinin kişisel teminatlar bakımından korunması için 6502 sayılı

Tüketicinin Korunması Hakkında Kanunda ve Banka Kartları ve

Kredi Kartları Hakkında Kanunda önemli düzenlemeler getirilmiştir.

Tüketici kredilerinde ve kredi kartlarında kişisel teminatlar sözleşme

taraflarının edimlerini yerine getirmemelerinin bir güvencesi olmaktadır.

Tüketici sözleşmesi sayılan tüketici kredisi sözleşmesi ve kredi kartı

sözleşmesinde tüketicinin borçlarına karşılık verilen kişisel teminat “adi

kefalet“ sayılmaktadır, tüketicinin alacaklarına ilişkin verilen kişisel

teminat ise “müteselsil kefalet” sayılmaktadır. Bu nedenle adi kefalet

ve müteselsil kefaletin hukuki sonuçları çalışmamızda açıklanmıştır.

Ayrıca, kişisel teminatın tüketici kredisi ve kredi kartı sözleşmelerinde

kefaletten farklı bir türde kararlaştırılması halinde bu kişisel teminatların

neler olabileceği ve kefaletin geçerlilik şartlarını taşımalarının

gerekip gerekmediği hakkında doktrindeki görüşler ve Yargıtay’ın

güncel kararlarında kişisel teminatlarla ilgili yaklaşımı çalışmamızda

incelenmiştir.
Screening and Physico-chemical Study of Quality Jaggery Prepared from Different Early and Mid Season Sugarcane Varieties
Authors: . Shweta , Pawar Kanika , Gehlot Rakesh , Kumar Ramesh , Sharma Sudhir
Published: June 2021

Background: Jaggery, a traditional sweetener is produced from the sugarcane juice and its quality mainly depends on cane juice quality. It is specific to check, which sugarcane variety is producing the best jaggery in terms of its quality and recovery. Thus, this study was undertaken to screen five different promising early (CoH 160, Co 89003, Co 0238) and mid season (CoH 119, CoH 167) sugarcane varieties and to prepare and evaluate jaggery qualitatively. Methods: The different sugarcane varieties were harvested at proper maturity, weighed and crushed to extract juice in November, January and March. The juice was analyzed for various physico-chemical parameters viz., total soluble solids (oBrix), purity, pol, juice recovery (%) and commercial cane sugar (%). Good quality jaggery was prepared and evaluated for the sensory characteristics. The jaggery was evaluated quantitatively for physico-chemical parameters (reducing sugars, total sugars, sucrose, net rendement value, hardness and minerals. Result: The jaggery was found to have 8.50-10.70 per cent moisture, 68.82-78.95 per cent sucrose, 7.67-8.83 per cent reducing sugars and 1.45-2.63 per cent ash. The jaggery prepared from Co 89003 had significantly highest sensory scores over jaggery made from all other varieties. Jaggery made from CoH 160 variety was comparable with that of Co89003 variety. The early sugarcane varieties Co 89003 and CoH 160 were found to produce good quality jaggery as compared to mid-late varieties.
Testing and Evaluation of Peeling Tools
Authors: Chahal Promilakrishna , Singh Kiran
Published: June 2021

Background: In different regions of the country, they use the only knife for cutting, peeling and chopping the vegetables. The knife caused some design related problems when it is used for peeling. The present study was undertaken to identify those problems and suggest appropriate tool for same purposes.Methods: The performance of each tool (knife and peeler) was studied after a year of use by rural women for peeling purposes. Performance of peeling was analyzed on the basis of peeling efficient, peel thickness, peel weight proportion and capacity of each tool. A psychophysical study was done to compare the both tools based on women preferences. Conclusion: The capacity and peeling efficiency of the peeler (x=980.39±80.5 grams/min and respectively) were found to be higher than knife (x=440.26±38.9 grams/min. and). The wastage of fruits/vegetables in peel was also found less (9.0% with thickness of peel was (x=1.1±1.9mm) by using peeler. Peeler was found to be reducing the peeling time (35.29%) as well as making the peeling task easy (∑=3.54) for women. As well as use of peeler was significantly (p=0.05) reducing the problems of pain, stiffness, cuts in hands and was found highly accepted (∑=4.37) by women for peeling purposes.
A Research Investigation on Problems Faced by Rajma Growers
Authors: Sharma Arpita , Kandpal Naresh Kumar
Published: June 2021

Total 100 respondents were selected from fifteen villages in Munsyari block of Pithoragadh district of Uttarakhand to study the problems of rajma growers. Data was collected through questionnaire. The findings revealed that respondents were in middle age group, educated upto Intermediate level and possessed high ICT ownership, used all types of ICT including modern, print and electronic. Majority of respondents were facing various constraints as economic, technological and communication.
Uma “janela de escuta” em tempos de pandemia da COVID-19 em Icaraí, Niterói/RJ
Authors: Carvalho Victória Ferreira Robadey , Rego Andrea Queiroz
Published: June 2021

Esse artigo reflete sobre a paisagem sonora e a vitalidade urbana durante o período de isolamento social, decretado pelo governo do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, em virtude da pandemia da COVID-19. O objeto de pesquisa é a paisagem sonora escutada a partir de uma “janela de escuta” localizada numa quadra predominante residencial em Icaraí, na Cidade de Niterói (RJ). O objetivo é a identificação e o registro dessa paisagem sonora em tempos de pandemia e a relação que se pode estabelecer entre esta e a vitalidade nas ruas do entorno imediato durante esse período de isolamento, entre maio e junho de 2020. Os procedimentos adotados consideram a escuta e a experimentação cultural desses sons urbanos, numa abordagem qualitativa, fenomenológica e etnográfica, a partir da observação e escuta sistematizadas de uma das autoras. Num primeiro momento a escuta é feita no território primário da residência e num segundo momento no território público do entorno da quadra. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que a paisagem sonora é capaz de identificar a redução das atividades e fluxos de pessoas nessas ruas, permitindo que alguns sons ganhem destaque na “paisagem pandêmica” refletindo uma nova vitalidade urbana, mesmo que temporária, para aqueles que vivenciam e compartilham dessa experiência.
Contribuição do BIM para o desenvolvimento da Economia Circular no ambiente construído
Authors: Cruz Victor Filipi , Góes Thiago Montenegro
Published: June 2021

A forma como se produz, mantém e renova o ambiente construído é determinante para a condição de insustentabilidade global vivenciada. Assim, a Economia Circular surge como uma proposta na busca de aplicação prática dos princípios do desenvolvimento sustentável no setor, mas enfrenta muitas barreiras Ã  sua implementação. A Modelagem de Informação da Construção (BIM ”“ do inglês Building Information Modeling) é candidata a facilitadora nessa transição, sendo o objetivo deste trabalho apresentar uma visão geral do seu potencial de contribuição e limitações com base em uma Revisão Sistemática de Literatura e análise temática dos resultados. Os resultados demonstram que as pesquisas na área ainda são recentes e em pouca quantidade nas bases de dados utilizadas. Mesmo assim, observa-se que o BIM tem um potencial significativo para contribuir com a Economia Circular no ambiente construído, principalmente no suporte a análises circulares desde fases iniciais de projeto, na gestão de bancos de materiais de edifícios, na adaptabilidade computacional a novos fluxos de trabalho e na viabilização de plataformas de integração da cadeia produtiva. Desse modo, a Economia Circular pode se beneficiar do BIM enquanto agente integrador da cadeia produtiva e do(s) ciclo(s) de vida do ambiente construído.
Aplikasi Konsep dan Kaidah Istishab dalam Hukum Ekonomi Syariah
Authors: Agus Putra Panji Adam
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membahas aplikasi serta kaidah Istishab dalam hukum ekonomi syariah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis normatif, menggunakan data sekunder dengan memahami hukum sebagai perangkat peraturan atau norma positif di dalam peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada dasarnya konsep Istishab berlandaskan pada kaidah asasiyyah mengenai keyakinan yang berbunyi “al-yaqin la yuzal bi al-syak” yang berarti keyakinan tidak dapat dihilangkan karena adanya keraguan. Adapun aplikasi konsep dan kaidah istishab dalam bidang hukum ekonomi syariah diimplementasikan pada sengketa utang-piutang; tuduhan cacat pada objek akad jual-beli; laporan keuntungan bisnis; dan keabsahan multi akad (al-‘uqud al-murakkabah).
Eksistensi Komisi Kejaksaan Republik Indonesia Setelah Berlakunya Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 2014 tentang Aparatur Sipil Negara
Authors: Rudiansyah Rudiansyah
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui eksistensi Komisi Kejaksaan Republik Indonesia dalam struktur pemerintahan setelah berlakunya Undang-Undang Nomor 5 tahun 2014 tentang Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) dan pembagian peran pengawasan eksternal kejaksaan antara Komisi Kejaksaan Republik Indonesia dengan Komisi Aparatur Sipil Negara agar tidak terjadi tumpang tindih dalam penyelenggaraan pengawasan terhadap Lembaga Kejaksaan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa berlakunya Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 2014 tentang Aparatur Sipil Negara yang mengatur kewenangan Komisi Aparatur Sipil Negara menimbulkan tumpang tindih penyelenggaraan pengawasan dengan Komisi Kejaksaan dalam melaksanakan pengawasan melekat dan pengawasan fungsional di tubuh Kejaksaan. Komisi Kejaksaan Republik Indonesia menekankan pada pengawasan pelanggaran perilaku jaksa baik di luar ataupun di dalam dinas. Sementara itu, Komisi Aparatur Sipil Negara menekankan pada pengawasan terhadap pelanggaran kode etik dan kode perilaku ASN. Jaksa sebagai pejabat fungsional dan sebagai PNS tunduk akan keduanya. Kode Etik PNS mengatur bahwa kode etik institusi yang mana dalam hal ini termasuk kode perilaku jaksa, tidak boleh bertentangan dengan kode etik PNS. Maka, pelanggaran atas kode perilaku jaksa juga dapat dinyatakan sebagai pelanggaran terhadap kode etik PNS. Hal ini menyebabkan ketidakjelasan kapan pelanggaran diajukan ke Komisi Kejaksaan Republik Indonesia atau ke Komisi Aparatur Sipil Negara.
Efektivitas Problem Posing dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran Al-Qur’an Hadis di Kelas XI MIA 4 Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 3 Palembang
Authors: Listiawanti Listiawanti , Zainuri Ahmad
Published: June 2021

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas Problem Posing dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Al-Qur’an Hadis. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang terdiri dari empat langkah kesatuan yang dilakukan secara berulang, yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa dengan menggunakan problem posing, aktivitas belajar mengalami peningkatan yang berdampak pada hasil belajar/prestasi siswa.
Implementasi Nilai Dakwah Rasulullah Perspektif Syeikh Syafiyyurahman Al-Mubarak Furi pada Siswa SMP Islam As Syarif Sukatani Bekasi
Authors: Pratama Reza Zulki , Sitika Achmad Junaedi , Karyawati Lilis
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan nilai pendidikan dakwah Rasulullah SAW dan nilai pendidikan di SMP Islam As Syarif serta untuk mengetahui hasil yang ingin dicapai pada implementasi nilai pendidikan dakwah Rasulullah perspektif Syeikh Syafiyyurahman Al-Mubarak Furi pada SMP Islam As Syarif. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif jenis deskriptif analisis dengan sumber data sekunder dan primer. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 1) implementasi nilai pendidikan dakwah di SMP Islam As Syarif Sukatani diterapkan 4 aspek sifat rasul dengan guru menyampaikan empat perkara itu kepada siswa agar siswa meningkat tingkahya dalam 4 asfek dari nilai pendidikan dakwah Rasulullah yang pertama kejujuran, siswa selalu jujur didalam ucapan maupun tingkah laku; dan 2) hasil yang dicapai pada implementasi nilai pendidikan dakwah perspektif Syeikh Shafiyyurahman Al Mubarak Furi pada siswa SMP Islam As Syarif Sukatani Bekasi yaitu adanya perubahan sikap pada siswa dengan akhlak yang baik.
Analytical and reflexive competence of future doctor: essence, structure, conditions of formation
Authors: Minakova Olga V.
Published: June 2021

Due to the release of new educational standards regulating the activities of educational structures of the Russian Federation the requirements for the results of professional training of a competent specialist with a developed set of competencies have increased. According to the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standards of Higher Education in 31.05.01 “Medical Care” and 31.05.02 “Pediatrics”, the future doctor must have a whole range of skills and abilities that determines his professionalism. These include the qualitative analysis of information, the identification of cause-and-effect relationships, the structuring of source data, and the reflection of one's own activities, which ultimately lead to the formation of analytical and reflexive activities. The formation of analytical and reflexive competence of a future doctor in the course of professional training is defined as a continuous and holistic psychological and pedagogical process aimed at strengthening motivation, ability and readiness to effectively carry out analytical and reflexive activities within the framework of professional activity. This has determined the need for the development of new didactic tools that contribute to its improvement in the process of professional training: models, pedagogical conditions, technology of formation, criteria apparatus and diagnostic tools.