bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing patient safety culture and examining adverse events in intensive care units: a comparative analysis
Authors: Saleh Hasnaa , Hamadi Hanadi , Alhaiti Ali
Published: May 2024

Background and Purpose: The global emphasis on fostering a patient safety culture is a priority for many countries, including those in the Middle East. Hospitals worldwide are dedicated to enhancing the quality of patient care and safety, with an increasing recognition by hospital management of the role played by a robust patient safety culture. This study compares intensive care nurses' perceptions of patient safety culture and adverse events. Method: A comparative study was conducted in the intensive care units (ICUs) of four private and teaching hospitals utilizing The Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC)-two in Riyadh and two in Cairo. Nonprobability sampling was employed across all registered nurses working in ICUs. Results: The study revealed that the highest percentage of errors occurred in patients' acquired infections (61.5%), while the lowest percentage was associated with patients' falls (7.8%). The strengths of the composites were continuous organizational learning improvement (85.9%) and management support for patient safety (81.4%). Areas for improvement were identified in composites such as handoffs and transitions (40.3%) and teamwork across units (49.5%). Notably, nurses in Cairo hospitals reported a higher frequency of adverse events compared to their counterparts in Riyadh hospitals. Implications for practice: The views of nurses working in both cities emphasized the importance of organizational learning to achieve ongoing improvement, teamwork within specific units, and managerial backing for ensuring patient safety. Moreover, the research emphasized the necessity for additional improvements in collaboration between different units, as well as in the processes of handoffs and transitions.
Two new species of Telipogon (Orchidaceae: Oncidiinae) from Costa Rica
Authors: Bogarín Diego , Pupulin Franco , Pérez-Escobar Oscar A.
Published: May 2024

The Neotropical genus Telipogon (Orchidaceae: Oncidiinae), comprising approximately 250 species, exhibits remarkable species diversity in the humid, montane forests of southern Central America and the Tropical Andes. Telipogon, when broadly defined, encompasses both the large-flowered species that mimic tachinid flies and the small-flowered species formerly classified under Stellilabium. In Costa Rica, this genus includes 55 species, with 16 classified as small-flowered species. While the large-flowered species of Telipogon (in the strict sense) have been taxonomically revised, the small-flowered species have yet to be the subject of a thorough taxonomic revision. Our research aims to partially fill this gap by focusing on a comparative morphological analysis of two novel small-flowered Telipogon species. We describe and illustrate Telipogon lateritius and T. muntzii, both discovered in the humid mid-elevation forest of the Caribbean watershed in Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica. Telipogon lateritius is notable for its distinctive brick-colored flowers, featuring sepals, petals, and lips striped in chestnut brown; the lateral sepals connate into a triangular-ovate synsepal, complemented by sparse, stiff pubescence at the base of the lip. Telipogon muntzii, although closely resembling T. anacristinae, differs in its unique olive-green flowers, sparse trichomes on the lip, narrowly oblong lateral lobes of the column, and a helmet-shaped median lobe of the column exclusively covered by simple trichomes. This study provides new additions for a future taxonomic revision of Telipogon in Costa Rica.
TRANSFORMASI KONSEP ISBAT NIKAH TERHADAP ISBAT CERAI BAGI PERCERAIAN DI LUAR PERSIDANGAN
Authors: Hayatudin Amrullah
Published: May 2024

AbstrakPerceraian merupakan jalan terakhir yang diambil ketika tujuan perkawinan perkawinan tidak tercapai, menurut hukum Islam perceraian sah secara hukum ketika sudah dijatuhkan suami baik secara dhahir maupun kinayah dengan adanya dua orang saksi, masyarakat Indonesia banyak yang melakukan perceraian di luar persidangan karena menganggap perceraiannya sah secara hukum agama, tetapi hal tersebut bertolak-belakang dengan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku di Indonesia, yang mengatur bahwa perceraian sah apabila dijatuhkan di depan persidangan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini menemukan model hukum perceraian baru sebagai upaya perlindungan atas hak-hak pelaku perceraian di luar persidangan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriftif analitis dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa; Perceraian di luar persidangan sah secara hukum agama tetapi tidak sah secara hukum yang berlaku di Indonesia, untuk melindungi pelaku yang sudah terlanjur melakukan perceraian di luar persidangan maka perlu ada formula hukum perceraian baru di Indonesia, atau adanya pembaharuan hukum perceraian di indonesia dengan cara adanya aturan isbat cerai bagi perceraian yang dilakukan di luar persidangan. Sebagaimana adanya Isbat Nikah bagi pernikahan yang tidak tercatat oleh Kantor Urusan Agama (KUA).
ISBAT NIKAH PADA PERKAWINAN SIRI POLIGAMI TINJAUAN PERBANDINGAN HUKUM POSITIF DAN MASLAHAH MURSALAH
Authors: Rozendana Fahed Zurrofin , Saiban Kasuwi , Yasin Noer
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe practice of unregistered polygamy is motivated by many factors, one of which is that a husband has an element of deliberate intention to have more than one wife but only to satisfy his lust, not to be used as a solution in a special situation that allows polygamy and secondly, the practice of polygamy is used as a one solution to overcome certain emergency situations, for example a wife who is infertile, has an illness and does not get better or other emergency conditions which mean that a husband is allowed to remarry as long as it is with the consent of the first wife. The practice of siri polygamy carried out by the community is a legal problem because its implementation is carried out in secret and is not legally recorded by the state even though it is legal and meets Islamic law. If we look at it from the perspective of maslahah murrasa, there is no specific argument or text that states that marriages must be registered religiously, however, looking at the various maslahah needs that exist in polygamous sirri marriages, it is good to implement it because it will have the effect of keeping things at bay. unwanted things such as misunderstanding of marital status and other difficulties in life.Keywords : isbat marriage, siri adn polygamy AbstrakPraktik poligami siri dilatar belakangi dengan banyak faktor salah satunya dimana seorang suami memiliki unsur kesengajaan yang memiliki niat untuk memiliki istri lebih dari satu namun hanya sebagai pemuas nafsu semata bukan digunakan sebagai solusi dalam suatu keadaan khusus yang memperbolehkanya poligami dan yang kedua ialah praktik poligami dijadikan sebagai salah satu solusi dalam mengatasi keadaan darurat tertentu contohnya istri yang mandul, memiliki sakit dan tak kunjung sembuh ataupun kondisi darurat lainya yang menjadikan seorang suami diperbolehkan untuk menikah lagi asalkan atas persetujuan sang istri pertama. Praktik poligami siri yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat menjadi permasalahan hukum karena pelaksanaanya dilakukan secara sembunyi dan tidak tercatat secara sah oleh negara meskipun sudah sah dan memenuhi syariat hukum Islam. Jika dilihat dari sisi pandang prespektif maslahah mursalah memang tidak ada dalil atau nas secara khusus yang menyebutkan mengenai pernikahan harus dicatatkan secara agama, namun melihat dari beberapa kebutuhan maslahah yang ada isbat nikah pada pernikahan sirri poligami baik untuk dilaksanakan karena akan memberikan dampak menjauhkan hal-hal yang tidak diinginkan seperti kesalah pahaman terhadap status perkawinan dan kesukaran lain dalam kehidupan.Kata Kunci : isbat nikah, siri dan poligami.
EFEKTIFITAS UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 16 TAHUN 2019 DAN PROSPEKNYA DALAM MEMINIMALISIR PERNIKAHAN DINI DI JAWA BARAT
Authors: Nuraeni Eneng , Hasana Nurul
Published: May 2024

AbstrakParadigma usia pernikahan seringkali mengundang perdebatan baik secara pro maupun kontra dengan argumentasi yang melandasinya. Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 sebagai payung hukum pertama menetapkan bahwa usia pernikahan laki-laki 19 tahun dan perempuan 16 tahun. Hadirnya undang-undang ini, dinilai masih belum relevan sehingga digantikan oleh Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2019, yakni batas usia pernikahan laki-laki dan perempuan 19 tahun. Namun meskipun demikian, fenomena tidaklah demikian. Beberapa kota di Jawa Barat masih tercatat melakukan  pernikahan dini dengan berbagai latar belakang, mulai dari kemerosotan ekonomi, putusnya pendidikan, bahkan budaya yang sudah melekat untuk menikahkan anaknya pada usia belia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualtitatif yang berlokasi di Pengadilan Agama di Jawa Barat, dengan sampel Pengadilan Agama Kabupaten Sumedang, Pengadilan Agama Kota Bekasi, dan Pengadilan Agama Kabupaten Subang. Adapun hasil penelitian ini pemerintah sudah berupaya mencegah terjadinya pernikahan dini dengan menerbitkan Undang-Undang 16 Tahun 2019, namun dalam pelaksanaannya masih ditemukan sejumlah kasus pernikahan dini di Jawa Barat. Adapun mengenai problem implementasi Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2019 di Jawa Barat disebabkan oleh sosialisasi yang belum menyeluruh dan tidak terprogram. Sementara itu, upaya pemetaan dan harmonisasi kebjakan terus dilakukan oleh pemerintah melalui penguatan koodinasi yang melibatkan steakholder dengan tujuan regulasi tingkat pusat dan daerah saling mendukung.
O objeto em causa na teoria lacaniana da sublimação
Authors: Werneck Marcia Soares da Silveira , Jorge Marco Antonio Coutinho
Published: May 2024

O conceito de objeto e o lugar que ele ocupa na constituição subjetiva do ser falante são aspectos fundamentais na teoria lacaniana. A partir do axioma “a sublimação eleva o objeto à dignidade da Coisa”, formulado por Lacan em seu seminário sobre a ética da psicanálise (1959-60), este artigo visa precisar como o autor situa o objeto e sua relação com das Ding (a Coisa) no campo da sublimação. Para isso, considera-se que em todas as formas criadas pelo homem que procedem do registro desse destino pulsional o vazio é decisivo.
Impacto do Racismo nas Vivências de Mulheres Negras Brasileiras: Um Estudo Fenomenológico
Authors: Santos Gabrielle Christine , Brisola Elizabeth B. V. , Moreira Diva , Tostes Guilherme W. , Cury Vera E.
Published: May 2024

Resumo Este artigo teve como objetivo compreender, a partir de uma análise fenomenológica, o impacto do racismo sobre vivências de mulheres negras. Foram analisados relatos escritos por mulheres que se autodeclaravam negras encontrados em sites e blogs da internet. Esta pesquisa qualitativa fenomenológica foi inspirada na proposta filosófica de Edmund Husserl, consistindo na elaboração de uma narrativa síntese que resumiu os elementos essenciais das vivências dessas mulheres. Os resultados possibilitaram compreender que as experiências de racismo vivenciadas por mulheres negras têm início na infância e as acompanham ao longo de toda a vida, causando impactos sobre sua saúde mental. A insatisfação em relação ao cabelo natural e a cor da pele surgem como sinais concretos de recusa da identidade negra; enquanto o processo de tomada de consciência, reconhecimento e aceitação da negritude impulsionam a autoaceitação e a construção de uma nova identidade como mulher negra. A troca de experiências com outras pessoas negras sobre racismo favoreceu o reconhecimento da negritude. Conclui-se que o suporte emocional de pessoas que vivenciam o mesmo tipo de sofrimento social pode ser de grande relevância no processo de superação, assim como os processos de intervenção psicológica quando pautados por atitudes de empatia e aceitação. Nesse sentido, a formação de psicólogos deve incluir conteúdos e práticas que abordem o tema do racismo como parte da realidade social.
Planejamento reprodutivo e gestação de casais sorodiferentes para o HIV: um estudo fenomenológico
Authors: Langendorf Tassiane Ferreira , Quadros Jacqueline Silveira de , Paula Cristiane Cardoso de , Padoin Stela Maris de Mello , Souza Ivis Emília de Oliveira
Published: May 2024

RESUMO Objetivo: Compreender o vivido do planejamento reprodutivo e da gestação para casais sorodiferentes para o HIV. Método: Estudo qualitativo, na abordagem fenomenológica, referencial teórico-filosófico-metodológico de Martin Heidegger. A etapa de campo foi em serviço de referência na atenção a pessoas soropositivas, no Sul do Brasil. A partir de amostra intencional, foi realizada a entrevista fenomenológica com 11 casais entre agosto de 2013 e abril de 2014. A análise foi hermenêutica. Resultados: Foi possível compreender, a partir das unidades de significação que: os casais se aceitam e superam juntos a diferença sorológica; vivenciar a gravidez é difícil; há empenho para se ter uma vida normal; o diagnóstico é silenciado pelo preconceito e estigma; vem o alívio do casal após o diagnóstico negativo do filho. Conclusão: É necessário reconhecer o casal como uma unidade de cuidado com vistas a uma atenção não fragmentada no campo da saúde sexual e reprodutiva.
A VEROSSIMILHANÇA É MUITA VEZ TODA VERDADE: UMA ANÁLISE DO FANTÁSTICO EM "UMA VISITA DE ALCIBÍADES"
Authors: GRANJA LÚCIA , RODRIGUES EVERALDO
Published: May 2024

Resumo No início dos anos 1880, a ficção de Machado de Assis encena uma mistura entre o mundo dos vivos e o mundo dos mortos, quer seja pela presença de narrador e autor defuntos, quer pela criação de personagens outrora mortos. Tais procedimentos têm sido entendidos como: um vínculo com a tradição menipeia do diálogo dos mortos; uma forma de afronta ao leitor; o desdobramento do eu em autoconsciência analítica; a galhofa às teorias e ideias da época como o espiritismo, entre outros pontos de vista interpretativos e analíticos. Neste artigo, propõe-se que o insólito encontro entre um desembargador no Rio de Janeiro do Império e o belo homem grego, morto em 404 a.C., pode ser lido como um procedimento retórico que cria a paródia dos discursos aceitos como plausíveis naquela sociedade em que o conto foi publicado. Ao mesmo tempo, a narrativa em si, a carta que descreve um encontro insólito, une a pragmática de um desembargador ao aparentemente inexplicável, que se utiliza do modo fantástico para a solução de um problema intrincado: a presença de um corpo morto em um quarto de vestir.
REPERCUSSÕES DA RETÓRICA CLÁSSICA EM "A NOVA GERAÇÃO", DE MACHADO DE ASSIS
Authors: AZEVEDO SÍLVIA MARIA
Published: May 2024

Resumo O artigo tem por objetivo propor uma leitura ainda pouco explorada do artigo "A nova geração", de Machado de Assis, na perspectiva do estilo, noção recorrente nos manuais de retórica e poética do Brasil oitocentista, por meio da qual o crítico analisa a obra de poetas afinados com tendências estético-literárias as mais diversas, desde os românticos retardatários, os realistas-naturalistas, os socialistas até os adeptos da chamada poesia científica.
Acúmulo de alumínio no tecido ósseo na era atual
Authors: Oliveira Rodrigo Bueno de , Carvalho Aluízio Barbosa , Jorgetti Vanda
Published: May 2024

Nos últimos anos, evidências do Registro Brasileiro de Biópsia óssea (REBRABO) apontaram uma alta incidência de intoxicação por alumínio (Al) no tecido ósseo de pacientes com DRC em diálise. Essa surpreendente informação parece representar não apenas um acúmulo passivo deste metal, visto que dados prospectivos do REBRABO sugerem que a presença de Al no tecido ósseo pode estar independentemente relacionada a eventos cardiovasculares adversos maiores. Essas informações contrastam com a percepção mundial do controle epidemiológico dessa condição. Neste artigo de opinião, discutimos por que o diagnóstico de acúmulo ósseo de Al não é relatado em outras partes do mundo, e também discutimos uma gama de possibilidades para entender por que nós acreditamos que o acúmulo de Al no tecido ósseo ainda ocorre, não como se apresentava no passado, ou seja, como uma síndrome com sinais e sintomas sistêmicos de intoxicação.
Vigor and anaerobic metabolism of soybean seeds evaluated by ethanol test
Authors: Cavalcante Jerffeson Araujo , Gadotti Gizele Ingrid , Pinheiro Romário de Mesquita , Silva Raimunda Nonata Oliveira da , Oliveira Fabiane Kletke de , Moraes Dario Munt de
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Among the vigor tests, ethanol is an alternative that provides desirable characteristics to be applied in seed-producing companies internal quality control planning. The aim was to evaluate the vigor of soybean seeds by the ethanol test and the fermentative metabolism after its application. A completely randomized experimental design with five replications was used, with treatments consisting of 10 lots of soybean seeds, except for the variables composing the fermentative metabolism, for which five lots of soybean seeds were used. First, the initial quality of the lots was assessed by evaluating water content, germination, seedling emergence, accelerated aging, tetrazolium test (vigor), electrical conductivity, and seed respiration. For the ethanol test, the seeds were subjected to soaking times of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes until the moment of reading, and subsequently, the fermentative metabolism was evaluated (lactate dehydrogenase - LDH, pyruvate decarboxylase - PDC, and alcohol dehydrogenase - ADH). The ethanol test in soybean seeds efficiently ranks lots into different levels of vigor, using the soaking time of 30 minutes, showing a moderate association between the electrical conductivity test and seed respiration. Furthermore, the activity of the enzymes LDH, PDC, and ADH proves that ethanol is produced during the soaking process of soybean seeds.
MEMÓRIAS IMPROVÁVEIS OU IMPOSSÍVEIS? RESTOS DE VIDA EM DIÁLOGOS COMUNICACIONAIS
Authors: Barbosa Marialva
Published: May 2024

RESUMO A partir da articulação teórica entre memória, comunicação e história, o artigo procura refletir sobre vinculações entre comunicação e memória, mediante exercício da recuperação de vidas de escravizados brasileiros do século XIX. A reinscrição dessas vidas, que figuram como listas nos arquivos penais, mostra o comunicacional como possibilidade de produzir outros sentidos para o passado. Do ponto de vista metodológico, através da análise documental, interpreta-se fichas prisionais da Casa de Detenção do Rio de Janeiro, procurando identificar elementos para compreender um “poderia ter sido” do passado. A partir das informações das listas, mostramos vidas em atos memoráveis, relacionando memória, comunicação e história.
Para se ver na vitrine: o uso da história oral e das arqueologias das mídias nas pesquisas sobre o cinema pioneiro
Authors: Daronco Marilice , Tomaim Cássio
Published: May 2024

RESUMO O presente artigo combina metodologias multidisciplinares, como a história oral e os estudos relacionados às arqueologias das mídias, para investigar o “Cinema de Vitrine”, exibições feitas nos anos de 1930, no interior do Rio Grande do Sul, pelo fotógrafo ucraniano Sioma Breitman (1903-1980) na vitrine de seu estúdio fotográfico, a Casa Aurora. Ao construir uma narrativa sobre uma mídia até então desconhecida, propomos uma discussão sobre memória, esquecimento e a importância de novos olhares para a história das mídias, em especial do cinema.
MEMÓRIAS SENSÍVEIS DA GUERRA E A PERCEPÇÃO DA HISTÓRIA EM NARRATIVAS DE JOGOS DE VIDEOGAMES
Authors: Santos Christiano Britto Monteiro dos , Coelho George Leonardo Seabra , Bezerra Rafael Zamorano
Published: May 2024

RESUMO O presente artigo analisa a apropriação de fatos históricos do game The Valiant Hearts, sobre a Primeira Guerra Mundial (1914-1918). Esse game rompe com o padrão mainstream e aborda o tema da guerra pelo viés monumental e laudatório, e conta com narrativas da sobrevivência de civis em tempo de guerra. A valorização de narrativas críticas às guerras e foco na vivência civil compõem a tônica em projetos de pesquisa na área das humanidades digitais, como base conceitual em projetos no campo do patrimônio e museus.
A DFX ATTRIBUTION METHOD APPLIED TO INTEGRATED PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT WITHIN THE AEROSPACE DOMAIN
Authors: Copriva Rogerio Greco , Trabasso Luís Gonzaga , Oliveira Wesley Rodrigues de
Published: May 2024

The aerospace industry constantly seeks to optimize its product development processes to stay competitive in the market. Design for Excellence (DFX) with its various technological areas, tools and methods play an essential role to allow meeting customer expectations while respecting organizational capabilities. However, the quantity and diversity of DFX technological areas and methods make sometimes difficult for the companies to address the appropriate ones for each project. Success in DFX application, keeping product development within scope, time, cost, and quality while not overloading it by applying, monitoring, and managing too many areas, is sometimes very context-dependent, being influenced by the experience of the engineering team as well as the kind of project portfolio or project phase. Considering this scenario, the motivation of this work is to perform a mapping of the technological areas of the DFX, given the decision-making problem of selecting the most appropriate for each kind of project. The objective is to evaluate, according to the point of view of the engineering team, if it is possible to define a general approach to guide, at least initially, project managers in selecting the main technological areas of the DFX, given a typical aerospace organization project portfolio as the boundary condition, and considering special characteristics in each phase of a project lifecycle. Departing from the literature review of the main technological areas of DFX used in the aerospace domain, the research is performed by means of a survey with senior product development engineers from a real aerospace company. Then, quantitative results are gathered through the Likert scale, which allows to draw a hierarchization analysis based on the multicriteria Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). A method to indicate the initial choice for the DFX area is presented, which is deemed to be suitable to help project managers and engineers during design of complex products.
ANALYSIS OF THERMAL CONSTRAINTS WITH BIOHEAT TRANSFER IN HUMAN SKIN TISSUES
Authors: Sonje Madhuri D. , Sutar C. S. , Chaudhari K. K.
Published: May 2024

Heat transfer exchanges energy with the temperature difference between the physical systems. Similarly, bioheat plays an important role in living systems. It discusses changes in the thermal energy of living systems. This paper presents a mathematical model describing the process of heat transfer in the skin tissues of the human body during infrared sauna therapy that provides valuable insights into the thermal consequences of this treatment. The two different cases of heat generated during infrared sauna therapy vary exponentially and linearly have been discussed. The mathematical model of this process has been solved by using the reduced differential transform method. An analytical solution of this model contains the thermal stresses and displacement formed during the therapy. Temperature distribution and linear thermoelastic results on skin tissues during sauna treatment have been studied and their different effects have been discussed graphically. This knowledge contributes to the security and effectiveness of infrared sauna treatment.
Importance of Early Detection in Early Psychosis
Authors: Joo Sung Woo
Published: May 2024

Early psychosis is the term coined in the hope that early intervention and treatment would benefit the long-term clinical outcomes of patients with psychosis. According to the clinical staging of psychosis, clinical high risk for psychosis and first-episode psychosis are allocated to early psychosis. Here, we described several clinical issues regarding the importance of early detection in early psychosis. As for clinical high risk for psychosis, we addressed the prevalence and clinical courses of clinical high risk for psychosis and whether early intervention services can lower the risk of psychosis onset in individuals with clinical high risk for psychosis. Regarding first-episode psychosis, we showed the prevalence of first-episode psychosis, the patterns, definitions, and clinical implications of the duration of untreated psychosis, and whether early intervention services can reduce the duration of untreated psychosis. With further research, we hope to achieve convincing evidence that early intervention can provide longterm benefits to patients with psychosis.
Forensic Support of Solving, Investigating and Preventing Crimes in the Works of Professor A.V. Vardanyan
Authors: Gribunov Oleg
Published: May 2024

In 2024 we celebrate the 60th Jubilee of the Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Law, Professor, Head of the Department of Criminalistics and Operative Search Work of Rostov Law Institute of the Russian Ministry of the Internal Affairs, Police Colonel Akop Varazdatovich Vardanyan. A.V. Vardanyan has been developing the scientific basis for the criminalistic support of solving, investigating and preventing crimes since 1995, including its criminal law, criminal procedure and criminological aspects. As a researcher, he has made considerable contributions to the development of the science of criminalistics, his works demonstrate fundamental research of each aspect of the work of law enforcement bodies that they cover. This article presents an overview of Professor A.V. Vardanyan’s works, it highlights the strong points of these publications and their interdisciplinary approach to the corresponding issues. Professor A.V. Vardanyan has made an invaluable contribution to the science of criminalistics, and developed an immense number of theoretical and practical clauses useful both for the legislative regulation and the practice of law enforcement.
Emma Goes to the Arctic
Authors: Rowley Alison
Published: May 2024

This article tells the story of Emma Burnham Dresser's 1931 voyage on the Soviet icebreaker Malygin. Emma was not interested in Marxism or social experimentation. Nor was she fleeing discrimation or religious persecution.  Instead, she wanted an exotic experience; hence, Emma's story introduces a new kind of traveler to the scholarly literature on the history of tourism to the Soviet Union: the wealthy socialite looking for her latest adventure.  By focusing on contemporary press coverage of the trip, we can also see how American interpretations of it differ from the narratives offered by Soviet media, and how Emma's actions defied American conceptions of the Arctic as a space where men went to prove their masculinity.
Wake Forest University Health Sciences Manual of Procedures Biospecimen Collection and Processing V5 v1
Authors: Kennedy Kim , Gregory Heather
Published: May 2024

This includes the methods associated with obtaining muscle, blood, and urine along with demographic, clinical, health, and functional data from younger and older participants.
VIOLÊNCIA TRANSFÓBICA NA UNIVERSIDADE: LACUNAS NAS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DE ACESSO E PERMANÊNCIA NO ENSINO SUPERIOR
Authors: Pereira Bruno Gomes , Sartori Thiago Luiz
Published: May 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar situações de violência transfóbica no contexto universitário de uma instituição localizada na região metropolitana de São Paulo, envolvendo acadêmicos transexuais e travestis cotistas. A fundamentação teórica está alojada no campo interdisciplina da Sociologia Crítica (SC), a partir da interface com os estudos sobre Políticas Públicas Educacionais (PPE). A metodologia é um estudo de caso, de abordagem qualitativa, considerando que as análises foram feitas a partir de entrevistas gravadas com três estudantes que ingressam no ensino superior por meio das cotas para pessoas trans. O tratamento científico dos dados se deu a partir das forças ideológicas que constituem o entorno dos dados coletados. A pesquisa revela que há um desamparo das PPE no que se refere ao acesso de pessoas trans no contexto acadêmico, existindo uma lacuna entre o princípio do acesso e o princípio da permanência na educação superior do país.
BURNOUT COMO FENÔMENO OCUPACIONAL
Authors: Leite Wislânia Paulino , Leite Clarany Alvino , Guedes Clotildes Alvino Leite , Leite Maria Clerya Alvino
Published: May 2024

Introdução: Burnout, um fenômeno ocupacional prevalente em profissionais da saúde, é atualmente, um problema de saúde pública. Consiste no estado de exaustão física e emocional causado por níveis excessivos e sustentados de estresse crônico relacionado ao trabalho, composto por três dimensões:  exaustão emocional, despersonalização e baixa realização profissional. Objetivo:  investigar a presença de componentes da síndrome de burnout nos profissionais da Atenção Básica (AB) em um município do sertão paraibano. Métodos: trata-se de uma pesquisa transversal com abordagem quantitativa. A pesquisa contou com 25 profissionais da saúde da AB atuantes no município de Malta-PB. Os profissionais responderam o questionário sociodemográfico e o Inventário de Maslach para o Burnout (MBI) que foram entregues aos participantes por intermédio da coordenação da AB do município. Para a análise dos dados referentes ao instrumento de MBI, as dimensões (Exaustão Emocional, Despersonalização e Realização Profissional) foram categorizadas em níveis baixo, médio e alto, considerando os pontos de corte previamente estabelecidos na literatura. Resultados: a idade média foi de 37,7%, maioria Agentes Comunitários de Saúde, mulheres, casadas/união estável com filhos e que praticam atividade física. Os profissionais pesquisados não apresentaram escores que indicam a ocorrência de burnout. Os escores apresentaram-se baixos em exaustão emocional e moderados em despersonalização e realização profissional. Conclusão: diante da relevância dos resultados apresentados, é importante que a gestão municipal volte sua atenção à questão da prevenção do esgotamento nos profissionais da AB.
CALISTENIA E RESTRIÇÃO DE FLUXO SANGUÍNEO NA HEMODINÂMICA, PERCEPÇÃO SUBJETIVA DE ESFORÇO E DOR
Authors: Carvalho dos Santos André Louis , Santos Neves Jonas , Rocha da Silva José Railson , Avelino da Silva Mikael Wiliam , De Figueiredo Júnior José Maurício , Cardoso Leite Theodan Stephenson , Guedes Dantas Jean Paulo , Rodrigues Neto Gabriel
Published: May 2024

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o efeito do exercício resistido calistênico com e sem restrição de fluxo sanguíneo (RFS) na pressão arterial sistólica (PAS), pressão arterial diastólica (PAD), pressão arterial média (PAM), frequência cardíaca (FC), duplo produto (DP), percepção subjetiva de esforço (PSE), percepção subjetiva de dor (PSD) e o número de repetições (NR). Participaram do estudo 10 homens recreacionalmente treinados (24,9±7,1 anos), onde foram realizados dois protocolos experimentais de maneira randomizada e com um intervalo de sete dias para a execução do outro protocolo: a) realização de uma série até a falha concêntrica com RFS à 80% do ponto de oclusão, b) realização de uma série até a falha concêntrica sem RFS. Todas as variáveis foram verificadas antes da execução de cada protocolo, imediatamente após sua execução e 15 minutos após cada protocolo realizado, com exceção da PSE, PSD e NR, que foram verificadas apenas imediatamente após cada protocolo. Quando comparados os respectivos momentos de repouso, imediatamente após a série e 15 minutos após a conclusão de cada protocolo, foi observado que não houveram diferenças significativas entre eles referente à PAS, PAD, PAM, FC, DP, PSE e a PSD (p>0,05), contudo para o NR foi visto uma diminuição significativa para o protocolo associado à RFS (p=0,045). Conclui-se que a RFS parece causar efeitos hemodinâmicos e perceptivos de esforço e dor similares ao treinamento calistênico tradicional, diferindo apenas para a contagem de repetições mostrando um desempenho superior para o grupo sem RFS.
QUALIDADE DE MAMÃO GOLDEN COMERCIALIZADO EM FEIRAS LIVRES E SUPERMERCADOS DE JOÃO PESSOA – PB
Authors: Pereira da Silva José Lucas , Brandão Melo de Lima Handerson , Mendes de Carvalho Maria Roberta , da Rocha Gomes Ferreira de Almeida Débora Teresa , Rodrigues Martins Júlio César , Dantas Renato Lima
Published: May 2024

A fruticultura é um dos grandes setores do agronegócio brasileiro, e o mamão é uma das principais frutas comercializadas no país. O mamoeiro tem sua possível origem na região da América Central. As características físicas do mamão variam conforme o grupo e a variedade. As variedades de linhagem puras mais comercializadas no Brasil, como “Golden” e “Sunrise Solo”, têm seu peso em torno de 400 e 500g, já os híbridos apresentam um tamanho maior, com pesos entre 900g a 1600g. Existem vários meios de comercialização de frutos, porém os principais são as feiras livres, que foram um dos primeiros meios de comercialização do mundo, e os supermercados, que são reflexos da modernização, um ambiente que entrega um maior conforto aos clientes e os frutos recebem um maior cuidado com embalagem e na forma como são apresentados. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade para constatar uma possível existência de diferenças entre as qualidades físicas dos mamões ofertados nesses dois locais de comercialização na cidade de João Pessoa-PB. Foi utilizado o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com cinco tratamentos, sendo eles, frutos provenientes de feiras livres e frutos de supermercados, sendo três supermercados e duas feiras livres. Foram avaliadas as variáveis, massa total do fruto (g) e peso da polpa (g), determinada em balança semianalítica; diâmetro (cm), comprimento (cm), medidas com paquímetro, na região equatorial. Os dados das variáveis foram submetidos à análise de variância (ANOVA) pelo teste F até o nível de 5% de probabilidade de erro, e posteriormente, foi realizado o teste de Scoot Not com 5% de significância. Com relação às variáveis massa, peso da polpa e diâmetro dos frutos, os supermercados apresentaram uma média superior às observadas nas feiras livres. Para a variável comprimento não houve diferença estatística entre os tratamentos.
Implementation of External Budgetary Control over Business Partnerships and Entities with Regional Participation in Constituent Entities of the Russian Federation
Authors: Stern S. M.
Published: May 2024

The paper analyzes the reasons for external state financial control over the activities of business partnerships and business entities with participation of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, as well as the specifics of inspections of such business entities performed by regional control and accounting authorities. Based on the study of federal and regional regulatory legal acts, acts of the control and accounting bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the practice of courts and the activities of control and accounting bodies, the author defines the problems of such control and analyzes the arguments of the audited entities used to protect their rights during control and the assessment of these arguments by the courts. The author concludes that it is necessary to include a list of objects controlled by sub-federal control and accounting bodies in Federal Law No. 6‑FZ dated 07.02.2011 «On General Principles of Organization and Activities of Control and Accounting Bodies of Constituent Entities of the Russian Federation, Federal Territories and Municipalities» in order to unify the approach to external budget control. The paper substantiates that finances, property and activities of these legal entities are subject to control exercised by regional bodies of external budget control due to the importance of these resources in the process of generating budget revenues of the relevant public legal entities, and the inspectors act primarily as representatives not of the shareholder or participant, but of public legal entities protecting public interest. It also gives them the opportunity to suggest ways to improve the regulatory framework of the region and the management processes of individual legal entities.
The Doctrine of Subrogation and the Specifics of its Interaction with Regression in Russian and Foreign Law
Authors: Kosov A. I.
Published: May 2024

The author examines the doctrine of subrogation in historical and comparative legal aspects. The paper analyzes the interaction of the rules on subrogation and regression and examines the cases of applying the rules on subrogation to regression claims. The interaction between regression and subrogation is not limited to the default use of one or another model, depending on the normative regulation of the legal institution. This concerns the application of the nemo subrogat contra se principle to impose the prohibition to act to the detriment of the creditor under the main obligation in case of its partial fulfillment, the possibility of transferring recourse obligations to other persons through the subrogation mechanism. In some cases, the fulfillment of a recourse obligation may result in the subrogation of the regressant’s rights to the regredient. The author analyzes the choice of the legislator in terms of the model of the reverse claim in surety and insurance. It is indicated that in a situation where the rule of law does not allow the executor to exercise the rights of the creditor through subrogation, he is given the opportunity to reimburse his expenses through recourse. Regression in this regard does not mean an improvement in the position of such a person, but allows an individual to protect his interest where, for formal reasons, he does not have other legal means, which fully corresponds to the regime of a subsidiary remedy. The paper elucidates the arguments for and against the ability of the executor to independently choose the model of the reverse claim. It is concluded that de lege ferenda there are grounds for the executor in a number of cases (primarily with a joint obligation) to independently choose a model of a reverse claim, if this is not carried out to the detriment of the interests of the debtor and third parties.
Proper Party Defendant in a Domain Dispute Case
Authors: Matyukhina E. S.
Published: May 2024

The paper, based on judicial practice and statistics of the autonomous non-profit organization «Coordination Center for the National Internet Domain», examines the difficulty of determining the proper party defendant in a domain dispute case. The author associates the reasons for this problem mainly with the lack of legal regulation in the legislation of procedures for registering and administering domain names, as well as the process of resolving domain disputes itself. In order to determine the proper party defendant in a domain dispute case, the author of the paper analyzes the substantive relations that are the subject of domain disputes and proposes to classify the latter into three types depending on their subject. The paper substantiates the opinion about the possibility of involving a domain name registrar as a co-defendant in cases of domain disputes related to the registration of a domain name, or its «reverse cybersquatting». Arguments are given in favor of the optionality of such co-participation. The author discovers that the domain name administrator and the actual owner of the Internet site to which such a domain name is addressed can be different persons, which leads to a conclusion that it is mandatory for these persons to participate in a domain dispute related to the use of a domain name.
Particular Cruelty as an Evaluative Concept in Criminal Law
Authors: Aubakirova-Ter-Grigoryan N. M.
Published: May 2024

The element of particular cruelty in the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation is reflected in Art. 63 as an aggravating circumstance, as well as a classifying element in Art. 105, 111, 112, 131 and 132, etc. However, law does not disclose the content of this element. Along with the concept of «particular cruelty,» the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation operates with other, similar terms: torture, torment, bullying, sadism, torture. The content and correlation of the concepts under consideration seem ambiguous, which is the subject of discussion in the doctrine of criminal law. Judicial practice also testifies to the unresolved nature of this issue, which results in the absence of a unified approach in similar cases. The paper, among other things, substantiates the need to replace the concept of «particular cruelty» with the concept of «sadism» in Art. 131 and 132 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The thesis is put forward that particular cruelty can occur when committing crimes, the object of which is not only social relations that characterize the individual, but also the safety of public health and public morality.
Loss of Chance Damages in Competitions, Tenders and Trials in German Law
Authors: Zhiltsov K. A.
Published: May 2024

The paper examines the problem of compensation for damages for the loss of chance in the future (winning a tender, competition, litigation) and the evolution of views on it in the German legal order. The difference between this concept and loss of profit is considered. It is concluded that the loss of chance can be considered as an element of a cause-and-effect relationship that limits the amount of damages subject to compensation by the probability of a favorable consequence occurring, and as a separate benefit subject to civil protection using a method similar to that used for compensation of «purely economic losses». The author puts a special focus on the rule on the ability of the court to determine the amount of damages at its own discretion in the event of uncertainty in their size, which is extremely favorable to compensation for lost chances. In addition, the effectiveness of compensation for harm proportional to the lost chance is considered from the point of view of economic analysis of law. A comparative legal study of this institution in other legal orders proves the absence of barriers to compensation for losses of this kind in all continental systems of justice, the Russian one included.
Features of the practice of aviation doctors in medical provision of flights safety
Authors: Blaginin A. A. , Annenkov O. A. , Trofimenko S. V.
Published: May 2024

Based on the content analysis of legislative and legal acts, as well as official documents of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation in the field of medical provision of flights safety, the features of the professional practice of an aviation doctor in the field of medical provision of flights safety were studied. A comparative analysis of the functional responsibilities and lines of activity of the head of the medical service of the aviation unit and the heads of other services involved in ensuring safety during flight operations is carried out. It was established that, despite the same number of main lines of activity and functional responsibilities, the head of the medical service has a many times more duties that directly affect flight safety. The main focus of the work of an aviation doctor, comprising more than ninety percent of his functional duties, is to ensure flight safety. In order to quantify and qualitatively assess the content of the professional activities of an aviation doctor in the field of medical provision of flights safety, a comparative analysis of the time allotted to the head of the medical service (aviation doctor) was performed to perform the actions prescribed by the governing documents in order to prevent accidents, depending on the stage (period) training and flight operations. It was revealed that the aviation doctor carries out a whole complex of multidirectional activities in the framework of medical support for flight safety in a strictly limited time. It is noted that in modern conditions, in order to successfully resolve issues of medical safety of flights, when training an aviation doctor, it is advisable to place additional emphasis on the formation of mental stability, the necessary psychophysiological and moral-volitional qualities.
Criminal-legal and expert-criminalistic aspects of evaluating professional violations medical workers
Authors: Bozhchenko A. P. , Gugnin I. V. , Ismailov M. T. , Nikitin I. M.
Published: May 2024

The objective reasons for which there are difficulties in the legal and forensic expert assessment of the correctness, completeness and timeliness of the provision of medical care are considered: 1) disordered regulatory framework governing medical activities; 2) insufficient number of specialists narrowly focused on medical law; 3) the need for a retrospective legal and expert assessment of events; 4) the existence of various approaches to the provision of medical care and assessing its impact on outcome both among forensic experts and among experts and lawyers. Statistical data are provided, indicating an increase in the number of «medical cases» over the past 15 years, significant regional differences in the number of criminal cases initiated and the outcome of their investigation. It is shown that the uniformities of medical activity (orders and standards), although they formalize medical activity and the possibility of evaluating its results, at the same time create prerequisites for substituting substantive for formal arguments for the conclusions of forensic experts. The most common shortcomings made by investigators and representatives of the judiciary conducting «medical cases» are systematized. Possible ways to overcome the considered shortcomings (regulatory, organizational, scientific, methodological) are presented. Considering global trends, an opinion was expressed on the need for a fundamental change in the approach to assessing the results of the relationship between a doctor and a patient - this problem is to a greater extent not a criminal law problem, but a civil law one and should be solved at the level of insurance companies, mediators and arbitration courts.
Organizational-legal aspects of road traffic injuries in patients with obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Yashchenko A. V.
Published: May 2024

The relationship of obstructive sleep apnea and road accidents due to sleep while driving is considered. It was established that traffic accidents due to falling asleep while driving are most often accompanied by fatalities and serious injuries, since the driver is unable to take any action to reduce speed or avoid obstacles. The demographic damage from traffic accidents and their consequences annually is about 30 thousand people. The literature data describing the organizational and legal aspects of road traffic injuries in patients with night apnea are summarized. The current level of organization of medical care for patients suffering from obstructive sleep apnea syndrome does not correspond to the level of diagnosis and treatment of the disease in these patients. The list of diseases that may serve as a basis for limiting the issuance of a driver’s license does not include obstructive sleep apnea. The legal aspects of the consequences of traffic accidents due to sleep while driving are shown. The question of the responsibility of doctors who did not diagnose obstructive apnea syndrome in the classic picture of the disease is raised. An attempt was made to justify the need to adjust existing domestic regulatory legal acts in relation to conducting a mandatory examination of drivers for the presence of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and medical road safety.