bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlating horizontal skills with job specializations based on business sector dynamics in the regional labor markets. The case of Attica region, Greece
Authors: Staboulis Miltiadis , Tsirikas Athanasios , Katsaros Kleanthis
Published: December 2019

The correlation of horizontal skills and vocational specializations is a major challenge for regional employment policies and national economies. This is because this specific type of correlation is capable of shaping the vocational training model as well as the educational system at a higher level (universities) based on the business sector dynamics. The purpose of the article is to explore the correlation of horizontal skills and job specializations based on the business sector dynamics in Attica region, Greece. To achieve that, both quantitative and qualitative approaches were used. In terms of the quantitative research, a field research was conducted to collect primary data on a sample of companies the needs for horizontal skills and one-digit (ISCO-Codes) specializations are explored and recorded. Emphasis was placed on the recording of vacancies as well as jobs that are difficult to be filled-in in the Attica region; their quantitative and qualitative characteristics were also analyzed. The results of the quantitative analysis are confirmed by the qualitative research findings, following the logic of the triangulation research methodology. Triangulation was originally proposed in social sciences to increase the credibility and validity of research findings. In other words, it is the use of more than one research techniques in the study of the same research field, each used to verify the results of the other. The methodology used in this research is innovative due to the use of geographic information systems (GIS).
Enhancing the circular economy with nature-based solutions in the built urban environment: green building materials, systems and sites
Authors: Pearlmutter David , Theochari Dimitra , Nehls Thomas , Pinho Pedro , Piro Patrizia , Korolova Alisa , Papaefthimiou Spiros , Mateo Mari Carmen Garcia , Calheiros Cristina , Zluwa Irene , Pitha Ulrike , Schosseler Paul , Florentin Yaakov , Ouannou Shahar , Gal Erez , Aicher Andreas , Arnold Killian , Igondová Erika , Pucher Bernhard
Published: December 2019

The objective of this review paper is to survey the state of the art on nature-based solutions (NBS) in the built environment, which can contribute to a circular economy (CE) and counter the negative impacts of urbanization through the provision of ecosystem services. NBS are discussed here at three different levels: (i) green building materials, including biocomposites with plant-based aggregates; (ii) green building systems, employed for the greening of buildings by incorporating vegetation in their envelope; and (iii) green building sites, emphasizing the value of vegetated open spaces and water-sensitive urban design. After introducing the central concepts of NBS and CE as they are manifested in the built environment, we examine the impacts of urban development and the historical use of materials, systems and sites which can offer solutions to these problems. In the central section of the paper we present a series of case studies illustrating the development and implementation of such solutions in recent years. Finally, in a brief critical analysis we look at the ecosystem services and disservices provided by NBS in the built environment, and examine the policy instruments which can be leveraged to promote them in the most effective manner – facilitating the future transition to fully circular cities.
Психологическая концепция преодоления: теория, методология, диагностика
Authors: Андреев Виталий В. , Андреев Владимир В.
Published: December 2019

Introduction. This paper (a) provides an overview of various theoretical and methodological approaches to studying the concept of ‘overcoming’, (b) presents terminological, semantic, and functional approaches to the analysis of the concept of ‘overcoming’ in the structure of athletes’ self-consciousness, and (c) demonstrates associations between the phenomenon of ‘will’ and the concept of ‘overcoming’ from various perspectives. In particular, we examine philosophical, psychological, pedagogical, psychophysiological, and socio-psychological determinants that influence our approach to studying the phenomenon of overcoming. This study represents a first attempt to carry out the methodological, theoretical, and critical analysis of the issue of overcoming in psychology. We systematized previous ideas and concepts about the phenomenon of ‘overcoming’, formulated our working definition of this concept, and distinguished levels of overcoming. For the first time, the phenomenon of ‘overcoming’ is comprehensively studied in terms of physical and psychological regulatory determinants.

Theoretical Basis. We discuss in detail basic theories, principles, and concepts including the dialectical principle, the principle of transgressiveness, the principle of stable disequilibrium of living systems, and the principle of self-determination. This section (a) provides the main conceptual framework for the psychological theory of overcoming, (b) considers the impact of the concept of resilience, the extra-situational theory of activity, the idea of passionarity and liminality, and (c) concentrates on the psychology of extreme situations, psychological barriers, and risk issues. Explanatory determinants of the phenomenon of overcoming include the ‘freedom reflex’ and the ‘goal reflex’ by I. P. Pavlov, the ‘principle of dominance’ by A. A. Ukhtomsky, the synergistic ideas of the ‘concept of nonequilibrium systems’ by I. Prigogine, the ‘concept of passionarity’ by L. Gumilev, and conceptual perspectives of P. K. Anokhin, B. G. Ananiev, N. A. Bernshtein, E. S. Bauer and other scientists.

Results and Discussion. We elaborated a scheme for functional analysis of retrospective autobiographical questionnaire data and also developed an algorithm for semantic analysis of empirical data. The results of the content analysis enabled us to introduce a structural and dynamic characteristic of the phenomenon of overcoming and to clarify psychological parameters of the concepts of ‘will’ and ‘overcoming’. We (a) carried out the semantic analysis of various concepts of the phenomenon of overcoming, (b) introduced a level-based concept of overcoming, and (c) attempted to conceptualize the concept of ‘will’ and its associations with the paradigm of ‘overcoming’.
Теоретические подходы к изучению эффектов неопределенности в процессах смысловой регуляции развития личности
Authors: Абакумова Ирина В. , Годунов Михаил В. , Голубова Вера М.
Published: December 2019

Introduction. The article hopes to provide a theoretical analysis of research papers dedicated to the way various uncertainty effects influence personality development. The uncertainty phenomenon has to be considered due to the research field enhancement while elaborating adequate patterns of personality development meaning regulation.

Theoretical Basis. Uncertainty effects are revealed epistemically and ontologically in the objective sphere, and existentially and phenomenologically in the subjective sphere.

Results. Epistemically uncertainty effects are a changeable level of cognitive reflection; continuity of certainty and uncertainty; ambiguous, incomplete and insufficient information; lack of human knowledge about human abilities; disregard for casualties and anomalies; blurred and multiple current psychological paradigms. Ontologically uncertainty effects are relativity of existence; development points with equal probability; a chance of synergistic effect; different human abilities of achieving goals within their existence; aspiration to gain new personal experience; different susceptibility to development pathway deviations. Existentially uncertainty effects are the absence of well-defined external clues in search of life purpose; personality development crises; discrepancy in tolerance levels towards uncertainty; discrepancy in credibility levels towards the world; nonidentity of individuals’ personal experiences; different ideas of action purposes; discrepancy in contradiction levels of interaction between an individual and the society; an unbalanced combination of rational and emotional perception; impossibility of permanent psychological comfort. Phenomenologically uncertainty effects are success and failure expectation risks; different motivation levels; “learned helplessness”; learning interferences due to implicit knowledge; lack of time for reflection over decisions; a subconscious phase of decision making; conscious and subconscious meaning attribution.

Discussion. An individual has to act under the influence of many uncertainty effects. Taking this into consideration allows a more full-fledged theoretical and empiric study of personality development processes.
Recent Advances in Applications of Supported Ionic Liquids
Authors: Kaur Pawanpreet , Chopra Harish Kumar
Published: December 2019

:

The supported ionic liquids have shown immense potential for numerous applications
in catalysis and separation science. In the present review, the remarkable contribution
of supported ionic liquids has been highlighted. The main emphasis has been laid on
describing the facile separation of gas from binary gas mixtures owing to the capability of
selective transport of permeable gases across supported membranes and removal of environmentally
hazard sulfur compounds from fuels. The catalytic action of supported ionic
liquids has been discussed in other applications such as biodiesel (biofuel) synthesis by
transesterification/esterification processes, waste CO2 fixation into advantageous cyclic
carbonates, and various chemical transformations in organic green synthesis. This review
enclosed a maximum of the published data of the last ten years and also recently accomplished
work concerning applications in various research areas like separation sciences, chemical transformations
in organic green synthesis, biofuel synthesis, waste CO2 fixation, and purification of fuels by desulfurization.
Dose-related Effects of Resveratrol in Different Models of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ferreira Andressa C. , Serejo Jerdianny S. , Durans Rafael , Pereira Costa Jadna M. , Maciel Antonio W.S. , Vieira Adeilson S.M. , Dias-Filho Carlos A. A. , Dias Carlos J. , Bomfim Maria R.Q. , Mostarda Cristiano T. , Brito-Monzani Janaina de O.
Published: December 2019

Background:

Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) is a severe and progressive disease of pulmonary arterioles. This pathology is characterized by elevation of the pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary arterial pressure, leading to right heart failure and death. Studies have demonstrated that resveratrol possesses a protective effect on the mechanisms related to the genesis of the PAH-induced by different models.

Objective:

This study aimed to investigate the dose-related effects of resveratrol in different models of pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Methods:

To identify eligible papers, we performed a systematic literature search on Scielo, Pub- Med, and Scholar Google. The research was limited to articles written in English in the last 10 years. We used the following descriptors to search: Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension and Resveratrol, OR Resveratrol, and Animal models of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, OR Resveratrol, and in vitro models of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.

Results:

1724 studies were identified through the descriptors used, fifty-five studies with different models of pulmonary arterial hypertension were selected for the full review, forty-four were excluded after application of exclusion and inclusion criteria, totalizing eleven studies included in this systematic review.

Conclusion:

The results showed that resveratrol, at low and high doses, protects in a dosedependent manner against the development of PAH induced through monocrotaline, normoxia and hypoxia models. In addition to having chemopreventive, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiproliferative properties. In the case of PAH-related myocardial injury, resveratrol protects cells from apoptosis, thus working as an antiapoptotic agent.
Fabrication Technologies and Applications of Graphene-based co-polymeric Nano-composites: its challenges and Future works
Authors: Chhapia Pratik , Patel Harshad
Published: December 2019

:

Graphene based co-polymeric Nano-composites explored and trending in various applications as ascribing to its enhanced conductivity and controlled modification with wide specific surface areas. With the number of advantages of co-polymeric coating on Graphene or Graphene sheets and their derivatives, Graphene based co-polymeric Nano-composites fabricated by various techniques (deposition, ink jet, electro spinning, spin coating, in-situ techniques, etc.) and different conducting co-polymers show its exceptional chemical, mechanical, electrical and optical properties. Therefore, in the today’s world with greater quantities of various properties of co-polymer with Graphene based Nano-composites with enhanced stability, selectivity and sensitivity have been formed. In this review paper, we have particularly focused on recent advancing in fabrication of different technologies with the help of Graphene based co-polymeric Nano-composites and its various trending and future applications. Finally, on the personal standpoint; the key challenges of Graphene based co-polymeric Nano-composites are mentioned in hope to shed a light on their potential future prospects.
A Practical Conflicting Role-Based Cloud Security Risk Evaluation Method
Authors: Han Jin , Zhan Jing , Xia Xiaoqing , Fan Xue
Published: December 2019

Background:

Currently, Cloud Service Provider (CSP) or third party usually proposes
principles and methods for cloud security risk evaluation, while cloud users have no choice but to
accept them. However, since cloud users and cloud service providers have conflicts of interests,
cloud users may not trust the results of security evaluation performed by the CSP. Different cloud
users may have different security risk preferences, which makes it difficult for the third party to consider
all users' needs during evaluation. In addition, current security evaluation indexes for the cloud
are too impractical to test (e.g., indexes like interoperability, transparency, portability are not easy to
be evaluated).

Methods:

To solve the above problems, this paper proposes a practical cloud security risk evaluation method of decision-making based on conflicting roles by using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) with Aggregation of Individual priorities (AIP).

Results:

Not only can our method bring forward a new index system based on risk source for cloud security and corresponding practical testing methods, but also can obtain the evaluation result with the risk preferences of conflicting roles, namely CSP and cloud users, which can lay a foundation for improving mutual trusts between the CSP and cloud users. The experiments show that the method can effectively assess the security risk of cloud platforms and in the case where the number of clouds increased by 100% and 200%, the evaluation time using our methodology increased by only by 12% and 30%.

Conclusion:

Our method can achieve consistent decision based on conflicting roles, high scalability and practicability for cloud security risk evaluation.
Transectos de datos LiDAR: una estrategia de muestreo para estimar biomasa aérea en áreas forestales
Authors: Ortiz-Reyes Alma Delia , Valdez-Lazalde José René , Ángeles-Pérez Gregorio , De los Santos-Posadas Héctor M. , Schneider Laura , Aguirre-Salado Carlos Arturo , Peduzzi Alicia
Published: December 2019

La estimación y el mapeo de la biomasa aérea sobre áreas extensas puede realizarse haciendo uso de las herramientas que ofrece la percepción remota. El objetivo de este estudio fue estimar la biomasa aérea de dos tipos de selva mediana: subperennifolia (SMSP) y subcaducifolia (SMSC) en la península de Yucatán, México, empleando métricas generadas a partir de datos Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR). Se usaron datos de 365 unidades de muestreo del Inventario Nacional Forestal y de Suelos (INFyS) de México para calibrar modelos de biomasa aérea usando regresión lineal múltiple y Random Forest (RF). Con estos modelos se mapeó la biomasa aérea sobre franjas de datos LiDAR. El modelo de regresión transformado logró explicar la varianza en un 62% (RMSE = 41.44 Mg ha-1 para SMSP y 36.60 Mg ha-1 para SMSC) para ambos tipos de vegetación. Los modelos generados a través de RF lograron explicar la varianza en un 57% (RMSE = 40.73 Mg ha-1) para la SMSP y solo de 52% (RMSE = 35.10 Mg Ha-1) para la SMSC. El desfase entre la toma de datos en campo y LiDAR, así como el error en la precisión de las coordenadas de los sitios de inventario, son factores reconocidos que influyeron en los resultados. A pesar de lo anterior, las estimaciones obtenidas podrían servir de base para estimar el inventario completo de biomasa en el área de estudio incorporando datos espectrales derivados de un sensor remoto que cubra la totalidad de esta.
An Analysis of Gender Difference on Students’ Misconceptions in Learning the Material Classification and Its Changes
Authors: Cahyanto Muhammad Agung Safari , Ashadi Ashadi , Saputro Sulistyo
Published: December 2019

Every teacher has experiences to identify and find out students who have misconceptions in their classrooms. Misconceptions that occur can differ between male and female students. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of gender on misconceptions in the lesson of the material classification and its changes. The survey-aiming method was used in this study. A total of 62 students from one of the state junior high schools in the city of Surakarta consisting of 34 male students and 28 female students were involved as the subjects in this study. Identification of misconceptions was conducted using the Two-tier multiple-choice diagnostic instrument that was equipped with the Certainty of Response Index method. The formulation of this study problem was: “How are the differences of misconceptions between male and female students in learning the material classification and its changes?” This study showed that female students tended to have misconceptions on the competency achievement indicator vis-a-vis explaining the understanding of elements, compounds and mixtures, while male students tended to have misconceptions on the competency achievement indicator pertinent to distinguishing elements, compounds, and mixtures. In general, female students had better conceptual knowledge than male students. The two-tier multiple-choice instrument could be used as an alternative instrument to identify misconceptions among students. The results of this study are expected to be a reference for educators to identify and resolve students’ misconceptions
Pengembangan media pembelajaran berbasis mobile learning pada mata pelajaran simulasi digital
Authors: Rahmat Riki Fajri , Mursyida Lativa , Rizal Fahmi , Krismadinata Krismadinata , Yunus Yuliawati
Published: December 2019

Penggunaan smartphone di kalangan pelajar sebagian besar digunakan untuk mengakses jejaring sosial dan belum menggunakan smartphone dalam poroses pembelajaran. Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk merancang media pembelajaran mobile learning pada mata pelajaran simulasi digital berbasis android. Model yang digunakan adalah Instructional Development Institute (IDI) dalam metode pengembangan Research and Development (R&D). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa mobile learning berbasis android untuk mata pelajaran simulasi digital ini layak untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai media pendukung pembelajaran mandiri, sesuai dengan pengujian yang dilakukan terhadap aspek materi dan desain yang diujikan ke siswa didapatkan hasil untuk kelas kontrol sebesar 74,125% dan eksperimen sebesar 83,25%. Sehingga dapat diambil kesimpulan penggunaan media mobile learning berbasis android ini valid, praktis dan efektif digunakan pada mata pelajaran simulasi digital. Mobile learning simulasi digital ini dapat meningkatkan minat belajar siswa dan juga meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Diharapkan untuk guru dan kepala sekolah SMKN 2 Padang agar dapat mempergunakan mobile learning dalam pembelajaran.Kata kunci: mobile learning, research and development, simulasi digital Development of learning media based on mobile learning in digital simulation subjectsAbstractThe use of smartphones among students is mostly used to access social networks and have not used smartphones in learning processes. The purpose of this study is to support mobile learning media on android-based digital learning. The model used is the Instructional Development Institute (IDI) in the Research and Development (R&D) development method. The results of this study indicate that android-based mobile learning for digital simulation subjects is feasible to be used as a supporting medium for independent learning, in accordance with tests conducted on material and design aspects that are tested for students who obtain results for the control class by 74.125% and trials for 83, 25%. It can be concluded that the use of mobile learning media based on Android is valid, practical and effective in digital simulation lessons. This digital simulation of mobile learning can increase student learning interest and also improve student learning outcomes. It is expected that teachers and principals of SMKN 2 Padang can use mobile learning in learning.Keywords: mobile learning, research and development, digital simulation
Efektivitas media SEXO App terhadap pemahaman konsep bagian tubuh pribadi pada anak autis
Authors: Afifah Luthfi Nur , Chamidah Atien Nur
Published: December 2019

Abstrak: Anak autis usia pubertas perlu memiliki pemahaman tentang konsep bagian tubuh pribadi agar dirinya terhindar dari tindakan pelecehan seksual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan media pembelajaran berupa SEXO App terhadap pemahaman konsep bagian tubuh pribadi pada siswa autis. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan Single Subject Research (SSR) atau penelitian dengan subjek tunggal. Desain yang digunakan adalah A-B-A’. Subjek penelitian ini adalah anak autis kelas V SD yang berusia 12 tahun di Sekolah Khusus Autis Bina Anggita. Data penelitian dikumpulkan menggunakan tes tertulis. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis dalam kondisi dan analisis antar kondisi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media SEXO App efektif terhadap pemahaman konsep bagian tubuh pribadi yang dibuktikan dengan naiknya perolehan skor tes pemahaman konsep bagian tubuh pribadi dari tahap ke tahap. Hal tersebut terjadi karena media SEXO App merupakan aplikasi pembelajaran visual yang disesuaikan dengan karakteristik pembelajaran anak autis sebagai visual learner.Kata Kunci: aplikasi pembelajaran, bagian tubuh pribadi, siswa autisAbstract: Autistic children of puberty age must have sexual education in order to avoid sexual harassment.This study aims to determine the use of learning media in the form of Application SEXO towards understanding the concept of automatic users in students. This type of research uses Single Subject Research (SSR) or research with a single subject. The design is A-B-A '. The subjects of this research are children with autism grade V SD which is 12 years in Special School Autism Bina Anggita. Methods of research data using written tests. Data analysis techniques are also called in conditions and analysis between conditions. The results showed that the SEXO media Application effective against the understanding of existing concepts is reversed with the increase of performance Scores of some parts. This is done because the media SEXO App is a visual learning application tailored to the type of autism learning as a visual learner.Keywords: learning application, body part concept, autistic student.
PEMILIHAN KARIER BERDASARKAN GAYA BELAJAR MODEL “KOLB” PADA SISWA CERDAS ISTIMEWA KELAS 12 CERDAS ISTIMEWA BAKAT ISTIMEWA SMAN 1 WONOSARI
Authors: Rohali Alfiana , Wahab Rochmat
Published: December 2019

The aim of this study was to describe of gifted student’s learning style based on the Kolb model learning style in the form of divergers, assimilators, convergers and accommodators and career choice among gifted students. The aspects examined in this study was career choice based on the learning style of the "KOLB" model. The subjects of the study were gifted students in3rdgrade class of senior high school. The data collection of the study used a non-test technique in the form of a questionnaire. The method of data analysis uses descriptive statistical analysis. The results showed that 10 students had an assimilation learning style, 7 students had diverger learning styles, 6 students had learning styles and no students had an accommodating learning style. The results of the study show that the majority of sgifted students are able to make career selection decisions that are congruent with the learning style even though the interests of the career fields of gifted students are still very diverse.
EFFECTIVENESS OF IMPLEMENTATION ENRICHMENT MODELRENZULLI TYPE III TO INCREASE LEARNING OUTCOME HIGH ACHIEVING STUDENTS GRADE V IN SD 1 TRIRENGGO AT THEME 8 THE MATTER OF SCIENCES
Authors: Diah Saputri , Wahab Rochmat
Published: December 2019

This research aimed to examine the effectiveness of implementation Enrichment Model Renzulli Type III to increase learning outcome high achieving students grade V in SD 1 Trirenggo at theme 8 the matter  of IPA. This research used quantitative approach with quasi experimental research type. The research design used was one group pretest-posttest design. The subjects of the study used three high achieving science students of grade V elementary school. Data collection using tests, observations, and documentations. Analysis of data used using non parametric statistics Type Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test. The results of the Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test results obtained T count = 0 (α = 0,05), then T count ≤ Tα and H0 rejected and Ha accepted. This means that Enrichment Model Renzulli Type III is effective to improve learning outcome of the high achieving science students of class V elementary school in SD 1 Trirenggo. The effectiveness of Enrichment Model Renzulli Type  III is indicated by an increase in the score of pre-test and post-test results. The average pre-test score is 45 and average post-test score is 74.67. Where there is a score increase of 29.67%.
Muatan penalaran dan pembuktian matematis pada buku teks matematika SMA kelas X Kurikulum 2013
Authors: Utari Tria , Hartono Hartono
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan muatan penalaran dan pembuktian matematis pada buku teks matematika SMA kelas X Kurikulum 2013. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif jenis analisis isi. Sumber data penelitian adalah buku teks Matematika kelas X Kurikulum 2013 edisi revisi 2016 yang diterbitkan oleh Pusat Kurikulum dan Perbukuan Balitbang Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah pembacaan dan pencatatan dengan menggunakan instrumen yang telah divalidasi berupa pedoman analisis dokumen. Data penelitian dianalisis menggunakan skema Kripendorff yang meliputi pengumpulan data, penentuan sampel, perekaman/pencatatan, reduksi, penarikan kesimpulan dan narasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada bagian materi, siswa memiliki kesempatan yang besar untuk menalar dan membuktikan melalui membaca justifikasi namun memiliki kesempatan yang kecil melalui pengembangan justifikasi. Pada soal evaluasi, siswa belum memiliki kesempatan untuk menalar dan membuktikan melalui pengerjaan soal dengan indikator mengevaluasi argumen. Artinya, buku teks belum sepenuhnya memberikan kesempatan bagi siswa untuk belajar menalar dan membuktikan. AbstractThis study aimed to describe the content of mathematical reasoning and proof in the high school mathematics textbooks 10th grade Curriculum 2013. This research used descriptive qualitative approach type of content analysis. The source of research data was the high school mathematics textbook of 10th grade Curriculum 2013 edition of revision 2016 published by Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia. Data collection techniques in this study was the reading and recording using instruments that had been validated in the form of document analysis guidelines. Research data was analyzed using Kripendorff scheme which included unitizing, sampling, recording/coding, reducing, inferring and narrating. The results showed that in the learning material section students had big opportunities to learn reasoning and proof through justification reading, but they had small opportunities in justification developing. In evaluation section, students had not opportunities to learn reasoning and proof through argument evaluation problem solving. Therefore, the textbook had not fully provided opportunities for students to learn reasoning and proof.
Efektivitas worked example dengan strategi pengelompokan siswa ditinjau dari kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan cognitive load
Authors: Irwansyah Muhammad Ferry , Retnowati Endah
Published: December 2019

Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan membandingkan efektivitas strategi pembelajaran worked example dan problem solving dengan strategi pengelompokan siswa (kolaboratif dan individual) ditinjau dari kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan cognitive load. Penelitian ini melibatkan 64 siswa kelas 8 sebagai partisipan penelitian yang dibagi menjadi empat kelompok secara acak dengan menggunakan desain eksperimen 2 × 2 (worked example vs. problem solving) × kolaboratif vs. individual). Hasil penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan penerapan strategi worked example dengan pengelompokan kolaboratif dan individual ditinjau dari kemampuan pemecahan masalah. Ditinjau dari cognitive load, strategi worked example efektif ketika siswa belajar individual, namun tidak efektif ketika siswa belajar secara kolaboratif. Ketika siswa belajar secara individual, strategi worked example dapat mengaktifkan cognitive load lebih rendah daripada strategi problem solving, sedangkan ketika siswa belajar secara kolaboratif, strategi worked example dan problem solving tidak berbeda dalam mereduksi cognitive load. The effectiveness of worked example with students’ grouping strategy viewed from problem-solving abilities and cognitive load AbstractThe study aimed to describe and compare the effectiveness of learning strategies (worked example and problem-solving) with the strategy of grouping students (collaborative and individual) viewed from problem-solving abilities and cognitive load. There were 64 of 8th-grade students as study participants divided into four groups randomly using experimental design 2 × 2 (worked example vs. problem-solving × collaborative vs. individual). The results of the study indicate that there is no significant difference implementation of worked example strategy between the collaborative strategies and individuals viewed from problem-solving abilities. Viewed from the cognitive load, the worked example strategy was effective when students learn individually, but it was not effective when students learn collaboratively. When students learn individually, worked example strategies could activate cognitive load lower than problem-solving strategies, whereas when students learn collaboratively, worked example strategies and problem-solving were no different in reducing cognitive load.
Efektivitas problem-based learning ditinjau dari keterampilan pemecahan masalah dan kemandirian belajar matematis
Authors: Kurniyawati Yuli , Mahmudi Ali , Wahyuningrum Endang
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan efektifitas problem-based learning ditinjau dari keterampilan pemecahan masalah dan kemandirian belajar matematis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Quasi Experimental dengan populasi siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Ngadirejo Temanggung tahun pelajaran 2017/2018. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara acak dengan mengambil 3 kelas dari 7 kelas yang ada, dan terpilih kelas VIII A sebagai kelas ujicoba, kelas VIIIB sebagai kelas eksperimen, dan kelas VIIIC sebagai kelas kontrol. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah tes keterampilan pemecahan masalah matematis dan skala kemandirian belajar matematis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa problem-based learning efektif ditinjau dari keterampilan pemecahan dan kemandirian belajar matematis. Terdapat perbedaan efektivitas antara problem-based learning dan pembelajaran konvensional ditinjau dari keterampilan pemecahan masalah dan kemandirian belajar matematis. Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara keterampilan pemecahan masalah dan kemandirian belajar matematis.The effectiveness of problem-based learning in terms of mathematical problem-solving skills and self-regulatedAbstractThis study aims to determine the effectiveness of problem-based learning in terms of mathematical problem-solving skills and self-regulated. This study is quasi-experimental with a population of students of grade VIII SMP Negeri 1 Ngadirejo Temanggung academic year 2017/2018. The sampling was done randomly by taking 3 of 7 classes, and the elected class was VIII A, VIIIB, and VIIIC. Then, the three classes were randomized to determine the tryout class, control, and experimental class. Class VIIIB was selected as an experimental class, VIIIC as a control class and VIIIA as a tryout class. The instrument used was the test of mathematical problem-solving skills, the scale of self-regulated learning and observation sheet of learning implementation. The results of this study showed that problem-based learning is effective in terms of mathematical problem-solving skills and self-regulated learning. There is a difference in effectiveness between problem-based learning and conventional learning in terms of mathematical problem-solving skills and self-regulated learning. There is a significant relationship between mathematical problem-solving skills and self-regulated learning.
A Smartphone App for Self-Monitoring of Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Activity to Assist Patient-Initiated Care: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Seppen Bart F , L'ami Merel J , Duarte dos Santos Rico Sharon , ter Wee Marieke M , Turkstra Franktien , Roorda Leo D , Catarinella Fabio S , van Schaardenburg Dirkjan , Nurmohamed Michael T , Boers Maarten , Bos Wouter H
Published: December 2019

Background

Telemedicine based on self-measurement of disease activity could be one of the key components to create the health care system of the future. Previous publications in various medical fields have shown that it is possible to safely telemonitor patients while reducing the number of outpatient clinic visits. For this purpose, we developed a mobile phone app for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which allows them to self-monitor their disease.

Objective

The objective of this study is to assess the safety and efficacy of self-initiated care assisted by a smartphone app in patients with RA.

Methods

This is a randomized controlled trial that will be performed for 1 year. A total of 176 patients with RA will be randomized to either self-initiated care with only one scheduled follow-up consultation assisted by our app or usual care. The coprimary outcome measures are the number of outpatient clinic consultations with a rheumatologist taking place during the trial period and the mean disease activity score as measured by the disease activity score 28 (DAS28) at 12 months. The secondary outcomes are patient satisfaction, adherence, patient empowerment, and cost evaluation of health care assisted by the app.

Results

Recruitment started in May 2019, and up to 18 months will be required for completion of recruitment. Thus far, 78 patients have been randomized, and thus far, experiences with the app have been positive. The study results are expected to be published by the end of 2021.

Conclusions

The completion of this study will provide important data regarding the following: (1) safety of self-initiated care supported by a smartphone app in terms of DAS28 and (2) efficacy of lowering health care usage with this new strategy of providing health care.

Trial Registration

Netherlands Trial Register NL7715; https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/7715

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/15105
Multi-Task Learning for Symptom Name Recognition and Severity Assessment in Electronic Medical Records (Preprint)
Authors: Shen Ying , Tang Buzhou , Li Yaliang , Du Nan
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND

Severity classification of diseases and symptoms in electronic medical records (EMRs) is very important in medicine and the life sciences, as it facilitates an easier understanding of medical documents by physicians. However, existing methods perform symptom name recognition and severity assessment tasks separately, which requires very large amounts of expert time and effort and neglects the rich correlations in information between tasks.

OBJECTIVE

The task of predicting symptom name and severity simultaneously from informative but noisy EMRs is important yet challenging in practice. There is a strong motivation to develop new methods that can effectively perform these two tasks.

METHODS

In this paper, we explore multi-task learning approaches to integrate symptom name recognition and severity assessment in a unified framework, motivated by the fact that these two tasks can benefit each other. To fulfill the goal of learn the correlation between these two tasks, we propose a novel cluster-based knowledge-aware learning scheme to reduce semantic ambiguity for name recognition and enrich sentence representation learning for severity assessment.

RESULTS

Symptom classification emerges from the cooperation of several machine learning modes and from the ontology we have developed and released. The experiments performed on synthetic dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method and the improved performance of both tasks. We also consider a practical testbed application - symptom severity assessment and diagnosis inference - to test and validate our method and assess its impact in real-world clinical settings.

CONCLUSIONS

Our proposed model can provide symptom knowledge and implications for clinicians and patients as a reference and has remarkable applicability and generality, outperforming competitors and defining the state-of-the-art. The gastrointestinal ontology and severity assessment corpus are accessible via: https://github.com/shenyingpku/MTL

CLINICALTRIAL

N/A
Принципы реабилитации больных с опухолевым поражением костей (современный взгляд на проблему)
Authors: Roy I.V. , Protsenko V.V. , Solonitsyn Ye.A. , Borzykh N.O.
Published: December 2019

В статье освещаются актуальные вопросы реабилитации онкологических больных, в частности с опухолями костей. Определено понятие реабилитации, ее цели и виды. При анализе современной отечественной и зарубежной литературы выяснено, что сейчас расширяются показания к использованию тех или иных методов лечебной физкультуры и физиотерапии, даже при злокачественных новообразованиях костей. Прослежена тесная связь реабилитации и качества жизни пациента, описаны методики определения качества жизни. Очерчены проблемы для разработки и широкого внедрения реабилитационных программ на всех уровнях медицинской помощи населению. Намечены перспективы дальнейшего изучения и развития проблемы.
Медикаментозное влияние на диспергирование биопленки. Производные представителей семейства диффундирующего сигнального фактора
Authors: Abaturov А.Е. , Kryuchko Т.А.
Published: December 2019

Научный обзор посвящен роли представителей семейства диффундирующего сигнального фактора (DSF), которые представляют собой цис-2-ненасыщенные жирные кислоты, в процессе диспергирования биопленки патогенных бактерий. Для написания статьи осуществлялся поиск информации с использованием баз данных Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, Global Health, The Cochrane Library, CyberLeninka. Охарактеризованы семейство диффундирующего сигнального фактора, механизмы рецепции его молекулярных представителей, пути трансдукции и биологические эффекты, вызываемые их действием. Двухкомпонентная система сенсорной киназы RpfC/регулятора RpfG, осуществляющая передачу DSF-ассоциированных сигналов, идентифицирована у различных бактериальных патогенов, включая Xanthomonas, Enterobacter, Thiobacillus, Xylella, Serratia, Leptospirillum, Stenotrophomonas, Burkholderia, Achromobacter, Yersinia, Methylobacillus, Pantoea и Cronobacter. Внутриклеточный сенсорный протеин RpfR представляет путь рецепции DSF и идентифицирован у бактерий Burkholderia. Мембраноассоциированная гистидинкиназа PA1396 осуществляет рекогницию DSF или BDSF бактериями Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Представлено, что уровень вирулентности различных бактериальных патогенов может быть смодулирован структурными аналогами диффундирующего сигнального фактора. Показано, что лекарственные средства, разработанные на основе диффундирующих сигнальных факторов и влияющие на механизмы трансдукции вызванного ими внутрибактериального сигнала, позволят разрешить терапевтическую задачу преодоления резистентности рецидивирующих и хронических инфекционно-воспалительных заболеваний респираторного тракта. Более выраженное снижение жизнеспособности сформированных антибиотикорезистентными бактериями Staphylococcus aureus биопленок наблюдается при использовании цис-2-деценовой кислоты в сочетании с антибактериальными средствами.
Анализ общих потерь среди военнослужащих и населения при боевых действиях и их особенности
Authors: Kochin I.V.
Published: December 2019

В статье подробно проанализированы общие потери (безвозвратные и санитарные) среди военнослужащих и населения в многочисленных войнах XIX–XXI веков, которые состоялись во многих странах мира и каждая из которых имеет свои медико-санитарные особенности. Актуальность исследования структуры санитарных потерь заключается в возможности оптимизации организации и оказания экстренной медицинской помощи, выбора необходимых направлений ее улучшения, подготовки медицинских кадров, совершенствовании обеспечения медицинских подразделений табельным имуществом, улучшении взаимодействия военно-медицинской службы с экстренными медицинскими службами здравоохранения. Это позволяет достичь намеченной цели работы и определить многоаспектные организационно-методологические, логистические, управленческие и лечебно-реабилитационные аспекты совершенствования системы лечебно-эвакуационного обеспечения в зоне боевых действий. Исследована профессиональная отечественная и иностранная специальная литература, а также информация из Интернета (более 150 источников) об общих потерях в войнах среди военнослужащих и гражданского населения с использованием методов Content analysis и Open Source Intelligence (OSINT). Выявленные закономерности возникновения, величины и структуры общих потерь в войнах имеют определяющее значение для организации системы лечебно-эвакуационного обеспечения войск (сил) и гражданского населения в зонах чрезвычайных ситуаций военного характера, поскольку предоставление экстренной медицинской помощи раненым и больным, их эвакуация и лечение являются важнейшей составляющей деятельности военно-медицинской службы и территориальной гражданской медицинской службы.
Концентрация цинка в тканях мозга и кишечника при острой церебральной недостаточности
Authors: Teriv P.S.
Published: December 2019

Актуальность. При острой церебральной недостаточности другие органы становятся мишенями внецеребральных поражений. Одним из звеньев формирования церебровисцеральных поражений, в частности с участием гастроинтестинального тракта, может быть нарушение метаболизма цинка. Цель исследования: установление роли нарушения содержания цинка в формировании цереброгастроинтестинальных нарушений у пациентов в критических состояниях. Материалы и методы. Путем атомно-абсорбционной спектрофотометрии исследовано содержание цинка в трупном материале 21 пациента с острой церебральной недостаточностью: в 71 % случаев (15/21) ведущей патологией было острое нарушение мозгового кровообращения по геморрагическим типу, в 29 % — по ишемическому типу (6/21). Исследовали ткани интактного гиппокампа, зоны церебрального поражения, тонкой кишки. Результаты. Установлено, что у больных с острой церебральной недостаточностью во всех исследованных тканях имеется гипоцинкгистия. В материале интактного гиппокампа — у 95 % (U = 420, р < 0,001), в материале зоны церебрального поражения — у 81 % (U = 357, р < 0,001), в материале тонкой кишки — у 100 % (U = 441, р < 0,001). Изменение содержания цинка не имело достоверной разницы в зависимости от характера основного заболевания. Установлены значимые корреляционные связи содержания цинка в тонкой кишке и зоне церебрального поражения (R = 0,58; р = 0,005), в интактном гиппокампе и зоне церебрального поражения (R = 0,58; р = 0,005). Уровень выживаемости не был связан с содержанием цинка в тканях мозга, однако его содержание в тканях кишечника прямо коррелировало с выживаемостью на 3-и сутки (R = 0,5; р = 0,02). Выводы. Таким образом, у больных с острой церебральной недостаточностью в зоне церебрального поражения, интактном гиппокампе и стенке тонкой кишки имеется гипоцинкгистия, уровни которой в них взаимосвязаны и не зависят от нозологической формы заболевания. Выживаемость пациентов с острой церебральной недостаточностью имеет прямую корреляционную связь с содержанием цинка в тонкой кишке на 3-и сутки заболевания, что свидетельствует о необходимости его коррекции до 3-х суток лечения.
Структурные изменения коркового вещества почек крыс в поздние сроки после ожоговой травмы кожи при инфузии HAES-LX-5%
Authors: Lakhtadyr T.V.
Published: December 2019

В статье приведены и проанализированы результаты экспериментального исследования структурных изменений коркового вещества почек крыс в поздние сроки после ожоговой травмы кожи при инфузии раствора HAES-LX-5%. Инфузия HAES-LX-5% вызывает четко выраженные нефропротекторные эффекты, но корковое вещество почек характеризуется наличием морфологических изменений в составляющих клубочкового и трубочкового аппаратов. К положительным показателям относятся структурные признаки наличия функционального потенциала подоцитов за счет сохранности клеточных ножек и стабилизации толщины основной перепонки. У крыс с ожогом кожи происходят митоптоз и микроаутофагические изменения митохондрий эпителиоцитов трубочек нефронов. Микроаутофагические изменения включают слияние лизосом с небольшими поврежденными митохондриями или с небольшими обособленными фрагментами разветвленных митохондрий. Образованные таким образом аутофаголизосомы проходят путь поэтапного преобразования, что в пространственном измерении может быть определено как «базоапикальный градиент трансформации». Согласно этому градиенту трансформация аутофаголизосом происходит в направлении от электронно-плотной аутофаголизосомы в базальной зоне цитоплазмы эпителиоцита до вакуоли с электронно-прозрачным содержимым в апикальной зоне цитоплазмы. Инфузия раствора HAES-LX-5% приводит к стабилизации указанного градиента, что является отражением протекторных свойств раствора относительно митохондрий. Митоптозу принадлежит ведущая роль в адаптации количества и качества митохондрий в эпителиоцитах почечных трубочек к новым условиям микроокружения, вызванным ожоговой болезнью. Массовый митоптоз, приводящий к аутофагии, может закончиться гибелью клетки. Проведенное исследование позволило раскрыть одно из звеньев патогенеза осложнений ожоговой травмы кожи, выяснить особенности морфологических изменений коркового вещества почек и выявить положительное влияние проведения своевременной внутривенной инфузии HAES-LX-5% на структуру одного из главных органов выведения из организма токсинов, каковым является почка.