bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fiber digestibility in growing pigs fed common fiber-rich ingredients – A systematic review
Authors: Yang Pan , Zhao Jinbiao
Published: September 2021

The application of high-fiber ingredients in the swine feed industry has some limitations considering that high amounts of fiber are resistant to endogenous enzymatic degradation in the pig’s gut. However, there is growing interest in fiber fermentation in the intestine of pigs due to their functional properties and potential health benefits. Many strategies have been applied in feed formulations to improve utilization efficiency of fiber-rich ingredients and stimulate their prebiotic effects in pigs. This manuscript reviews chemical compositions, physical properties, and digestibility of fiber-rich diets formulated with fibrous ingredients for growing pigs. Evidences presented in this review indicate there is a great variation in chemical compositions and physical properties of fibrous ingredients, resulting in the discrepancy of energy and fiber digestibility in pig intestine. In practice, fermentation capacity of fiber components in the pig’s intestine can be improved using strategies, such as biological enzymes supplementation and feed processing technologies. Soluble dietary fiber (SDF) and insoluble dietary fiber (IDF), rather than neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF), are recommended in application of pig production to achieve precise feeding. Limitations of current scientific research on determining fiber digestibility and short chain fatty acids (SCFA) production are discussed. Endogenous losses of fiber components from non-dietary materials that result in underestimation of fiber digestibility and SCFA production are discussed in this review. Overall, the purpose of our review is to provide a reference for feeding the pig by choosing the diets formulated with different high-fiber ingredients.
Test of inhibitors for preventing corrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete
Authors: Jano Albana , Lame Alketa , Kokalari Efrosini
Published: September 2021

Concrete is more widely used than any other manmade material. The objective of this paper is to investigate the behavior of reinforced cement when migration corrosion and guar gum inhibitors are used. The concrete samples were exposed in aggressive media H2SO4 1 M and in the presence of 1∙10-3 M Cl-. Electrochemical measurements such as half-cell potential, polarization resistance and Tafel extrapolation methods were performed in order to obtain information on the corrosion behavior of the reinforcing steel in cement mortar. Results demonstrate high resistance polarization and low corrosion rate for concrete sample with inhibitor. The corrosion rate decreases approximately 95% in presence of locust bean gum and 80% in presence of migration inhibitor.
Influence of Multilayer Interlocked Fabrics Structure on Their Thermal Performance
Authors: Parés Ferran , Ventura Heura , Xavier Capdevila F. , Ardanuy Mònica
Published: September 2021

This paper examines the influence of weaving variables such as yarn count, number of layers, warp and weft ratio, materials of the top layer, weft density and interlocking cell shape, and size on the thermal performance of multilayer interlocked woven fabrics. A split-plot design was used to construct a total of 64 fabric structures, which were assessed for thermal performance in terms of resistance to convective, conductive, and radiative heat. It was found that, for equal weft density and yarn number, protective performance improved with the number of fabric layers and with the presence of air cells between these layers, especially if air was not trapped within and could rather pass freely between the cells. An optimal combination of factors for the thermal response to the three types of heat was established via a Derringer–a much needed desirability function. The results of this paper are useful for identifying the interaction between configuration parameters and thermal performance, and hence for the design of improved heat protective clothing.
Philichthys xiphiae (Copepoda; Philichthyidae) – an interesting cranium parasite of the swordfish Xiphias gladius collected from the Baltic Sea
Authors: Rolbiecki Leszek , Arciszewski Bartłomiej , Izdebska Joanna N.
Published: September 2021

The swordfish, Xiphias gladius Linnaeus, 1758, is a fish that sporadically enters the Baltic Sea. The present paper describes the identification of a very rarely recorded and poorly studied copepod of the family Philichthyidae – Philichthys xiphiae Steenstrup, 1862 – in a dead swordfish found on a sea beach in Dźwirzyno (Poland) in 2016. Philichthyidae are parasites inhabiting the sensory canals in the lateral line and skull bones of marine fish. In the present case, two P. xiphiae females were found, which constitutes the first record of the species in the Baltic area.
Effects of feed on fatty acid composition in muscles and gonads of the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis)
Authors: Zou Jianmin , Song Chao , Meng Shunlong , Hu Gengdong , Qiu Liping , Fan Limin , Chen Jiazhang
Published: September 2021

In this study, the effects of different feeds on fatty acid composition in the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) were investigated. The fatty acid composition in the Chinese mitten crab was significantly correlated with the type of feed source provided. Differences between the feed groups pertained mainly five fatty acids: oleic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The content of EPA and DHA was higher in the group of frozen trash fish than in the group of formulated feed. On the other hand, the content of oleic acid, linoleic acid and palmitic acid was higher in the formulated feed group than in the frozen trash fish group. There were significant differences in the nutritional value of the Chinese mitten crab reared under different feed sources, i.e. Chinese mitten crabs reared with the frozen trash fish feed were larger than those reared with the formulated feed, especially as regards the ω-3/ω-6 PUFA ratio and essential fatty acid levels.
Negative and positive aspects of the presence of Canadian goldenrod in the environment
Authors: Królak Elżbieta
Published: September 2021

Canadian goldenrod (Solidago canadensis L.) is classified as an invasive plant species in many Eurasian countries. The species shows a great ability to environmentally spread in a variety of habitats, anthropogenic ones included. Based on the literature data, the paper discusses the negative effects of the presence of S. canadensis in the environment, including the reduction of biodiversity in plants and some species of insects and insectivorous birds. The occurrence of goldenrod clusters also contributes to soil degradation. Positive aspects related to the presence of S. canadensis are also discussed in the paper. Goldenrod can be used in the phytoremediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals and as an energy plant. Its extracts are effective in controlling the bloom of some algae in water reservoirs and in fighting fungal and bacterial diseases in plants. Goldenrod inflorescences’ abounding nectar allows for the efficient harvesting of honey. Both the inflorescences and the leaves of the plant are a valuable herbal raw material with a wide spectrum of activity, including its impact on gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and yeasts. For these reasons, goldenrod deserves special attention in environmental research.
MEMBANGUN HUKUM PIDANA NASIONAL DIATAS PONDASI KEADILAN PANCASILA DALAM WUJUD NILAI KE TUHANAN YANG MAHA ESA
Authors: Umara Nanda Sahputra , Halim Pathorang
Published: September 2021

Ketertinggalan hukum pidana di Indonesia, berimplikasi pada penegakan hukum yang cenderung kurang adil dan tidak beradab. Karakter KUHP yang yang masih digunakan samapi saat ini didasarkan pada pandangan yang legalistic, karenanya sudah tidak cocok lagi dan jauh dari harapan cita-cita hukum nasional yang yang diharapkan. Pemberlakuan KUHP di indonesia tidak lepas dari napak tilas hukum belanda yang karakteristiknya jauh dari nilai kemanusian dan nilai ketuhanan. Karenanya perlu dilakukan pembangunan hukum pidana nasional diatas pondasi pancasila yang dilandasi pada nilai kemanusiaan dan keadilan berdasarkan Ketuhanan yang Maha Esa.Kata Kunci : Sistem Hukum Pidana Nasional, Keadilan Pancasila, Nilai Ketuhanan.
Accounting estimates as the most important factor in the formation of the book value of accounting objects
Authors: LISOVSKAYA Irina A. , TRAPEZNIKOVA Natal'ya G.
Published: September 2021

Subject. This article discusses the category of Accounting Estimates, which is important from the methodological and practical points of view, including the upcoming transition to Federal Accounting Standard 6/2020 (FAS 6/2020) – Property, Plant and Equipment. Objectives. The article aims to analyze the essence of the category of Accounting Estimates, including from the standpoint of the transformation of these estimates and their impact on the book value of fixed assets accounted for in accordance with FAS 6/2020. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of systems analysis and generalization. Results. Using some cases of transactions in fixed assets, the article shows that before the transition to FAS 6/2020, it is necessary to analyze which accounting estimates may get changed and how these changes will affect the dynamics of depreciation elements and financial statements indicators. Conclusions and Relevance. One of the reasons for the likelihood of practical difficulties associated with the justification and correct reflection of accounting estimates is the lack of knowledge of regulatory documents and international accounting practices. Therefore, it is advisable to prepare methodological recommendations on the reflection of changes in accounting estimates, given the upcoming transition to new accounting standards, and expand the practice of effective implementation of IFRS. The results of the study are intended for scientific and practical activities and training of specialists in the field of accounting, as well as the development of proposals for improving the Russian accounting methodology, focused on convergence with current international practice.
Value added tax in case of exports from the special economic zone in the Kaliningrad Oblast
Authors: SIDOROVA Elena Yu. , ARTEM'EV Aleksei A.
Published: September 2021

Subject. The article focuses on the value added tax in case of exports from the special economic zone in the Kaliningrad Oblast.
Objectives. We study methodological aspects of VAT in case of exports from the special economic zone in the Kaliningrad Oblast.
Methods. We conducted the content analysis of available sources. The comparative analysis helped confirm the reasonableness, reliability and the relevance of methodological guidelines for determining economically adequate tax implications in terms of VAT in case of exports from the special economic zone in the Kaliningrad Oblast.
Results. Importing foreign goods into the special economic zone of the Kaliningrad region and letting them pass the customs procedure of free economic zones, a Kaliningrad-registered legal entity was found to exempt from customs payments, including VAT as part of customs payments under the above procedure. Being transported to elsewhere in the EAEU, any goods in the free economic zone should be treated as foreign goods, unless their status as the EAEU goods is corroborated with documents. The effective tax and customs regulations provide for VAT to be paid on imports into the Russian Federation, including as part of customs payments, and subsequently VAT on the sale of goods in the Russian Federation. VAT on imports, inter alia, as part of customs payments is subject to tax deductions as per Articles 171, 172 of the Russian Tax Code.
Conclusions and Relevance. The taxation mechanism herein is identical to that applying to exports from the free economic zone to elsewhere in the customs area of the EAEU if there were not tax clauses envisaged in Federal Law № 72-ФЗ. Hence, the above clauses seem reasonable to be excluded.
Analyzing taxpayer support for the Krasnodar Krai's agricultural sector
Authors: ZAZIMKO Valentina L. , SEDYKH Nadezhda V.
Published: September 2021

Subject. This article analyzes the implementation of the government programme of the Krasnodar Krai, Development of Agriculture and Regulation of Markets for Agricultural Products, Raw Materials and Food. Objectives. The article aims to assess the measures of budget support for the agricultural sector of the Krasnodar Krai. Methods. For the study, we used a correlation and regression analysis of official statistics. Results. The article finds that the government programme of the Krasnodar Krai, Development of Agriculture and Regulation of Markets for Agricultural Products, Raw Materials and Food has a positive impact on the progress of production in the agriculture of the region, but it does not contribute to the growth of investment in the industry. Conclusions. It is necessary to move from targeted support for individual agricultural producers to the creation of a modern sectoral infrastructure.
Пан-/эпидемия как фактор трансформации практик на украинском рынке труда (на примере молодёжи г. Харькова)
Authors: Golikov Alexander
Published: September 2021

В статье исследуется проблематика влияния пан- / эпидемии на процессы трансформации практик на украинском рынке труда. Для этого в качестве эмпирического кейса была избрана молодежь одного из крупнейших мегаполисов Украины. Автор предлагает анализ результатов пилотного количественного исследования методом онлайн-опроса. В этом исследовании проводится анализ феноменальности и процессуальности трудовых практик молодежи города Харькова в условиях пан- / эпидемической ситуации. Изменения в трудовых статусах, возникшие в результате пан- / эпидемической ситуации, восприятие процессов изменений на рынке труда находятся в центре внимания автора статьи. В частности, в результате использования каскада методов анализа (факторный и кластерный) выделяются три группы респондентов (идеалисты, прагматики, профессионалы-материалисты), подробно исследуются на предмет их характеристик. Предлагаются выводы о структурах и потенциальных тенденциях изменений, о специфике трансформации практик на рынке труда украинских мегаполисов (на примере Харькова), а также о потенциальных группах риска с точки зрения возможных миграционных настроений и ориентаций.
Wstęp
Authors: Długosz Piotr
Published: September 2021

wstęp
Język i kultura polska w oczach chińskiej młodzieży akademickiej na studiach polonistycznych
Authors: Zhang Huiling
Published: September 2021

Chiński projekt „Jeden pas i jeden szlak” wzmocnił współpracę pomiędzy Państwem Środka a Polską, co w ostatnich latach wywołało wśród chińskich uczelni ogromne zainteresowanie językiem i kulturą polską. Dzięki rozkwitowi studiów polonistycznych na terenie Chin przyjeżdża nad Wisłę coraz większa grupa chińskiej młodzieży akademickiej, która kształci się na specjalistę od polepszania relacji obu krajów. Niniejsze badania zrealizowane metodą wywiadu stanowią próbę wstępnego zapoznania się z opiniami młodych polonistów Chińczyków o języku i kulturze, których uczyli się podczas swojego pobytu w sercu Europy.
Por que estudar Bachelard?
Authors: Bulcão Marly
Published: September 2021

Lendo Bachelard criamos novas ideias. Sua filosofia é instigante, é desconcertante, eu diria que é, até mesmo, uma filosofia ousada. Ousada porque remete o leitor a uma atitude transgressora. Bachelard nos propõe transgredir pressupostos da tradição francesa, da tradição filosófica europeia, sempre no sentido de chegar a ideias inovadoras. Lendo Bachelard somos conduzidos a um reino filosófico inteiramente novo. Bem diferente dos filósofos seus contemporâneos, que por serem acadêmicos, eram também formalistas, Bachelard violenta hábitos que tínhamos e que considerávamos sólidos, afasta certezas adquiridas e nos impulsiona em direção à novidade e à construção de um futuro intelectual mais iluminado. Lendo Bachelard criamos novas ideias. Sua filosofia é instigante, é desconcertante, eu diria que é, até mesmo, uma filosofia ousada. Ousada porque remete o leitor a uma atitude transgressora. Bachelard nos propõe transgredir pressupostos da tradição francesa, da tradição filosófica europeia, sempre no sentido de chegar a ideias inovadoras. Lendo Bachelard somos conduzidos a um reino filosófico inteiramente novo. Bem diferente dos filósofos seus contemporâneos, que por serem acadêmicos, eram também formalistas, Bachelard violenta hábitos que tínhamos e que considerávamos sólidos, afasta certezas adquiridas e nos impulsiona em direção à novidade e à construção de um futuro intelectual mais iluminado.
A educação viva entre a abordagem livre e a experiência estética:
Authors: Alison Aurosa
Published: September 2021

Neste artigo, gostaríamos de fazer uma homenagem a Enzo Mari, o designer italiano que morreu em outubro de 2020. Através de sua análise de design, Mari introduz ao mundo do Design, o conceito fundamental da pesquisa estética, baseado na verificação sequencial de seus projetos. Em seu Manifesto, ele ilustra uma grande lição de vida, introduzindo o exemplo do jogo como um modulador espacial da vida aleatória. Da mesma forma, Gaston Bachelard, em seu trabalho, ilustra a dimensão espacial como uma vida livre, através da imaginação material, o mundo natural dos elementos e a dialética do interior-exterior, da imensidão íntima e do devaneio cósmico. Ambos são testemunhas, de duas maneiras diferentes, de uma condição pré-existente de vida, entendida como uma experiência sensível do espaço.
Um relato de experiência no canal Bachelard Brasil- Youtube
Authors: Pereira André Jorge Campello Rodrigues
Published: September 2021

Para Bachelard, a imaginação não é um conceito confuso, não é uma irracionalidade, e não é um resíduo da percepção. Ela tem existência própria e foi a autonomia de conceitos que Bachelard destacou na imaginação. Desoille e Bachelard foram contemporâneos, ambos nasceram nos últimos anos do século XIX, ambos viveram até os anos 60 do século XX, ambos tinham uma formação em matemática (Bachelard era matemático e Desoille era engenheiro), e ambos lutaram na 1ª guerra mundial. Ambos apreciavam o diálogo amigável e eram refratários a toda tentativa de manipulação.Uma terapia baseada na imaginação necessita de apoiar-se em um bom diálogo, que seja uma relação de sujeito a sujeito, de pessoa a pessoa, de consciência a consciência, e não uma relação sujeito-objeto, uma relação científica.
Seramik Sektörü Tedarikçi Seçim Sürecinde Gri İlişkisel Analiz (GİA) ile Entegre Edilmiş Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi (AHP) Modeli
Authors: YILDIRIM SÖYLEMEZ Esra , KAYABAŞI Aydın , DOĞAN Semra
Published: September 2021

Günümüz rekabet ortamında küreselleşme ve dış kaynak kullanımı, işletmelerde tedarikçi seçimini önemli bir ortaklık konusu haline getirmiştir. Rekabet üstünlüğü açısından işletmeler, iş birliği içinde olduğu tedarikçiden; gerekli hammadde ve malzemelerin zamanında ve etkili bir şekilde sağlanmasını istemektedir. Üreticilerin rekabetçi pazardaki taleplerinin artmasıyla daha da karmaşık hale gelen tedarikçi seçim süreci; çok sayıda alternatif tedarikçi ile bu tedarikçilerin performanslarının değerlendirilmesinde niteliksel ve niceliksel pek çok kriteri içermesi nedeniyle çok kriterli bir karar verme problemidir. Bunun yanında tedarikçi performansları hakkında bilgi eksikliği veya bulanıklık bulunması, bu sürecin doğasında belirsizliğe- griliğe neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışma, tedarikçi seçim süreci için analitik hiyerarşi süreci (AHP) ve gri ilişkisel analiz (GİA) yaklaşımlarını birleştirerek seramik sektöründe değerlendirmek üzere yapılandırılmış entegre bir karar modeli sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada, tedarikçi değerlendirme ve seçim sürecinde kullanılabilecek, sektöre özgü kriter ve alt kriterlerden oluşan bir AHP Modeli geliştirilmiştir. Modelin çözümü, AHP ile tedarikçi seçim kriterleri ağırlıklarının hesaplanması ve GİA yardımıyla da alternatif tedarikçilerin değerlendirilmesi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın temel amacı, özelikle seramik sektörü için alternatif bir tedarikçi seçim modeli geliştirmek; belirsiz ve yetersiz verilerin olduğu koşullar altında bir çözüm sunmaktır. Ayrıca tedarikçilerin değerlendirilmesi ve seçilmesi sürecinde modelin, seramik sektöründe faaliyet gösteren işletmelerde bir karar destek aracı olarak kullanılması hedeflenmektedir. Böylece satın alma sürecindeki riskleri azaltıp, tedarikçiler ile uzun vadeli, karşılıklı değer yaratmaya odaklanan ve güvenilir ilişkilerin kurulması sağlanacaktır. Çalışmanın, tedarikçi seçim sürecinde fazla vakit ve maliyete katlanmadan; güvenilir, yansız ve bilimsel sonuçlara ulaşılması adına, seramik sektöründeki işletmelere ve bu alandaki literatüre katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Superioridad aérea: Una comprensión amplia de enfoque nacional
Authors: Barrero Barrero David , Baquero Valdés Fabio , Olarte López Jairo Enrique , González Cuenca David , Molina Orjuela Douglas E. , Duarte Amaya Javier , Conde Mesa Javier Hernando , Dos Santos Bezerra Alberto
Published: September 2021

El presente libro resultado de investigación denominado “Superioridad Aérea: Una comprensión amplia de Enfoque Nacional”, pretende desarrollar y posicionarse como un producto resultado de investigación académica para el desarrollo, la prosperidad y la supervivencia del país, además poder lograr y mantener esta condición estratégica-operacional, que surge desde la doctrina aérea y se vincula políticamente a través del campo de acción del Poder Aéreo, en función de la seguridad y la defensa para la protección de los intereses nacionales. Este libro, hace parte del proyecto de investigación “La importancia de la Superioridad Aérea para el Estado colombiano en el siglo XXI”, del Departamento Fuerza Aérea de la Escuela Superior de Guerra, en la línea de investigación: “Estrategia, Geopolítica y Seguridad Hemisférica”, del Grupo de Investigación “Masa Crítica”, reconocido y categorizado en (B) por COLCIENCIAS, registrado con el código COL0123247, adscrito y financiado por la Escuela Superior de Guerra “General Rafael Reyes Prieto”.
The Efficacy of SECI Model for the Training of High School Teachers in Relation to Gender Equality in Vietnam
Authors: Dung Mai Thi Thuy , Brundrett Mark
Published: September 2021

Vietnamese government policy has been one of complete equality of opportunity in schools and in wider society, both as a commitment to social justice and as a way of enhancing the economy of the nation by facilitating and encouraging much greater inclusion of women in economic activity. One of the main aims of the work was to trial programmes of training for teachers and teacher education students about gender equality in education using the model of Socialisation, Externalisation, Combination and Internalisation (SECI), first developed in Japan, which integrates knowledge acquisition with social learning activities (Nonaka and Takeuchi, 1995). The response to the programme of training using the SECI model was positive, suggesting that this approach may be an effective model for both Initial Teacher Education and Continuing Professional Development for High School Teachers in Vietnam.
Coagulopatias associadas à infecção por COVID-19: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Silva Amanda Rocha Fernandes da , Oliveira Beatriz Ribas de , Bastos Beatriz Souza , Fraga Daniele da Rosa , Souto Karoline de Oliveira Lins , Nunes Maria Eduarda Fernandes , Souza Pedro Cesar , Miaki Roberto Oliveira , Castro Yara Fernandes Ribeiro de , Lopes Bruno Augusto
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: Revisar e analisar a fisiopatologia, o diagnóstico e o manejo do paciente que apresenta distúrbios da coagulação pela COVID 19. Revisão bibliográfica: A COVID-19 provoca no organismo humano uma resposta inflamatória profunda, que tem como consequência diversos mecanismos pró-coagulantes, podendo ser considerada uma endoteliopatia que repercute em aumento da ativação plaquetária e hipercoagulabilidade, levando às manifestações clínicas pró-trombóticas associadas à infecção. A coagulopatia associada a COVID-19 apresenta nos achados típicos um aumento da concentração de dímero-D, uma diminuição modesta na contagem de plaquetas e um prolongamento do tempo de protrombina. Em pacientes de gravidade leve ou moderada é recomendado a hidratação adequada, movimentação e a profilaxia pós alta. Essa profilaxia consiste no acompanhamento do risco trombótico quando se fizer necessário. Dessa maneira, deve ser individualizada por meio da análise da idade do paciente, existência de condição de mobilidade reduzida, TEV anterior, IMC >30 e câncer ativo ou outras comorbidades pró trombóticas. Considerações finais: O novo coronavírus provoca distúrbios respiratórios além de diversas manifestações sistêmicas como as coagulopatias. Dessa maneira, com adequado rastreio e medidas profiláticas, é possível diminuir as chances de complicações graves e melhorar o cuidado aos pacientes.
Isolation and characterization of phosphate solubilizing bacteria from the rhizospheric soil of Ponthenpuzha forest, Pathanamthitta (District), Kerala
Authors: Abhirami Kannan , Jayakumar K.
Published: September 2021

Phosphorous is considered as a major parameter for crop yield. Its availability to plant is independent of its abundance. For the plants to utilize phosphorous, it is to be converted to absorbable form. Here, the part rendered by phosphate solubilizing bacteria is significant for it plays a crucial role in the formation of plant usable phosphate from organic forms. In the present work, an effort had been made to isolate and identify phosphate solubilising bacterial isolate from the rhizhospheric soils of various plants in Ponthenpuzha forest. One of the isolate from Cymbopogon citrates responded positively to Pikovskaya’s medium by producing a halo zone during in vitro culture. Colony features and 16S rRNA sequence analysis identified the isolate as Burkholderia sps. We have reported the presence of genus Burkholderia in the rhizospheric zone of Cymbopogon citratus. Further studies are warranted for species level identification of the isolate.
β-Lactams and β-Lactamase Inhibitors: Unlocking their potential to address drug resistance
Authors: Gangadharappa Bhavya , Dammalli Manjunath , Rajashekarappa Sharath
Published: September 2021

Antibiotics such as β-lactams are one of the most widely used antibacterial drug classes in the world. The invention of the first β-lactam antibiotic (Penicillin) is regarded as a symbolic landmark in the history of modern chemotherapy. Since that time, several other β-lactam antibiotics have been added to the treatment, revolutionising the treatment of bacterial infections. Antibacterial efficacy of the β-lactams has been kept in check by the emergence of bacterial resistance. One of the most studied and common resistance mechanisms is the expression of β-lactamase enzymes. The invention of β-lactamase inhibitors which restore the efficacy of β-lactam antibiotics, has been a significant advance in the fight against microbial drug resistance. However, many recently identified β-lactamases are not inactivated by the presently available inhibitors. Despite the fact that these inhibitors may not be effective against all β-lactamases, their implementation is still welcome. This review focuses on the development of β-lactam antibiotics and the mechanism of action. It also covers the diversity of β-lactamases with an emphasis on rising bacterial resistance. It provides a summary on β-lactamase inhibitors with a focus on restoring antibiotic efficacy and the various computational approaches used in inhibitor discovery. Finally, we outlined an update on research activities aimed at discovering and developing novel β-lactamase inhibitors.
Tailor-made LED Illumination inducing Metabolic Variations in Centella asiatica, an important medicinal herb
Authors: Sowmya R. , Ciji P.K. , Narasimhan S.
Published: September 2021

Plant growth and development are influenced by the growth as well as physiological conditions, age of the plant, environment and genetic factors. Photo-induced signalling plays a significant role in regulating the growth and metabolism of plants. Secondary metabolites can serve as a metabolic signature for light-induced responses. The current study is aimed at analyzing the quantitative yield of chlorophyll pigments, total phenolic content and asiaticoside in LED illuminated grown plants of the medicinal herb Centella asiatica. A light intensity of 163 μmol/m2/s and 9-hour photoperiod, combination light source induced a total yield of 991 μg/g dry wt. asiaticoside. The total phenolic content has been correlated with the RB ratio. The analysis of the experimental results further confirms that it is feasible to grow medicinal plants under LED illuminated conditions. Such plants can serve as elite crude drugs owing to the presence of elevated active metabolic content.
Motywacja jako forma zarządzania kapitałem ludzkim w nowoczesnej organizacji
Authors:   Wszechnica Polska Szkoła Wyższa w Warszawie, Chabowska-Litka Agnieszka , Werner Joanna ,   Uniwersytet Jana Kochanowskiego w Kielcach
Published: September 2021

Motywowanie pracowników jest jedną z fundamentalnych funkcji efektywnego zarządzania kapitałem ludzkim w każdej organizacji i obecnie jest ona warunkiem sukcesu przedsiębiorstwa, a jakość potencjału ludzkiego to podstawowy czynnik decydujący o pozycji na rynku. Niewątpliwie właściwy i skuteczny system motywacyjny do dobra inwestycja, ponieważ praca odpowiednio zmotywowanego pracownika staje się bardziej efektywna, co ma wpływ na wynik finansowy przedsiębiorstwa. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie istoty, narzędzi i systemów oraz roli motywacji w procesie zarządzania kapitałem ludzkim w nowoczesnej organizacji. Słowa kluczowe: motywacja, zarządzanie, kapitał ludzki, organizacja
„Pedagogika wirtualna” (założenia koncepcji autorskiej)
Authors: Skubisz Jolanta
Published: September 2021

Niniejsza publikacja jest próbą analizy współczesnych dylematów i wyzwań pedagogicznych (dydaktyki, kształcenia i wychowania) w szkole wyższej w warunkach zdalnego kształcenia, zdalnej dydaktyki oraz wirtualnej praktyki pedagogicznej. Nie ulega wątpliwości, że współczesna pedagogika w wymiarze wirtualnym (cyberprzestrzennym) zmienia charakter pedagogicznej dydaktyki i kształcenia, obejmujący szeroki obszar technologii teleinformatycznej i prób poszukiwania innowacyjnych metod w tym zakresie. Wymaga to ewaluacji dotychczasowych przekazywanych treści metodologicznych oraz wdrażania różnych nowych i odrębnych metod kształcenia i dydaktyki akademickiej. Tradycyjna pedagogika nie jest już w stanie definiować, opisywać i analizować edukacyjnych (pedagogicznych) potrzeb studentów oraz wyników osiąganych przez nich w ramach wirtualnej przestrzeni edukacyjnej. Niewątpliwie następuje epoka kształtowania się i definiowania nowej formy pedagogiki ogólnej, tj. pedagogiki wirtualnej, którą to koncepcję przedstawia się w niniejszej publikacji.
Study of Dramaturgy Applied by The Selected Bureau of Architectural Consultants in Indonesia
Authors: Amir Hasaruddin , Hatta Asta Juliarman , Abidah Andi
Published: September 2021

Every architect has a different view and thought about something in designing a building. The basis of ideas design to a building is gained from experience, imagination, creativity, education, etc. Every professional architect also owns cognitive to express how the architecture works implemented through the design of a building. In architecture, there is a theory that connects drama and architecture in everyday life, dramaturgy. This article aims to see the concepts of dramaturgy in the works of the architectural consulting bureau responsible for, Omah Boto building, Aceh Tsunami Museum, and Phinisi Unm Tower. This study uses a qualitative method with data collection carried out using literature studies. Furthermore, the analyzed data is then presenting in descriptive for a more informative series. Data analysis aims to explore the relevance of the dramaturgy application in architecture to the thinking of architects in Indonesia. The results of the study show dramaturgy in architecture is used as a match between contemporary theater art and architecture. All three architectural consultants have used elements of dramaturgy in the design process. The three architectural consultants have used aspects of dramaturgy in their design process. The application of the basic concepts of dramaturgy used is an exterior setting of the building, Goals or ideas, building layout settings, visual instructions, and motion direction.
Región y gestión pública: entre el voluntarismo y los programas presupuestales
Authors: Manrique Alvarez Luis Vicente
Published: September 2021

La Gestión Gubernamental Regional, incide en la improvisación, en liderazgos personalizados. Apuesta por imponer la voluntad personal, por encima de la racionalidad. Orientaciones como los programas presupuestales se obvian al exigir capacidades y un mayor control presupuestario. Actuar en la gestión pública actual demanda transparencia, capacidad política y burocrática, debiendo incorporar el valor institucional. Más, se prefiere al partidario o de confianza para asegurar obediencia. Los resultados están a la vista. El objetivo general establece las motivaciones que inducen a caer en el dilema del voluntarismo o los programas presupuestales. Los específicos, determinan qué motivaciones inducen a ceder ante el voluntarismo en la gestión pública. Establecer, las consideraciones que reducen la vocación modernista hacia los programas presupuestales. La metódica se abre al análisis científico, histórico, cultural, orientado al enfoque cualitativo. Con los resultados y discusión, acotamos que la premisa de la eficiencia del Estado deviene de un proceso, de una trabajosa especialización política y burocrática, del establecimiento de una adecuada carrera pública. Esta haría que los presupuestos superen cualquier contingencia y apuesten por los resultados. En la discusión, señalamos que los resultados sean el centro del debate político. El respeto que adquiere la autoridad, el funcionario público, debe provenir de sus contribuciones a la mejora del valor público. Prontos a cumplir 200 años de soberanía y estando en curso el quinto mandato regional, sin embargo, distamos de ofrecer avances y progreso. La información brindada por funcionarios nombrados y entendidos, contrastados con la “impreparación” gestionaría de los responsables, confirman nuestras propuestas.
Modelos cognitivos en las representaciones sociales para la baja autoestima y la ingesta de alcohol en canciones de la sierra peruana
Authors: Uriol Alva Antonieta del Pilar , Rodríguez Canales Fredy Fernando
Published: September 2021

El objetivo fue identificar y analizar los modelos cognitivos de predominio que sustentan las representaciones sociales para la baja autoestima y la ingesta de alcohol en las canciones de la sierra peruana, en una investigación básica de nivel descriptivo, con enfoque cualitativo y diseño fenomenológico. La muestra lo conforma una antología de 100 canciones de la sierra peruana, siendo el criterio de inclusión que sus contenidos hagan alusión al alcohol y/o la baja autoestima. Como base teórica para el análisis de contenido de los modelos cognitivos se abordó desde la perspectiva del paradigma cognitivo-conductual que sustentan las representaciones sociales. Los resultados se analizan en una articulación teórica de dos paradigmas del campo de la psicología; las representaciones sociales de Jodelet, así mismo los modelos cognitivos del enfoque racional emotivo de Beck y Ellis. Se identifican y analizan 18 modelos cognitivos y se concluye que las canciones, cuyos contenidos aluden al alcohol, la baja autoestima o ambas, expresan dos o más formas de modelos cognitivos que orientan a reacciones conductuales y emocionales, como: culpar y evadir responsabilidad, inutilidad, impotencia, fragilidad y desamparo, pensamientos y/o sentimientos dicotómicos, esperanza en lo extrahumano, victimización, autoculpa y merecimiento, absolutismo del todo o nada, evocación del pasado; evasión, abandono e ideación suicida, necesidad absoluta de afecto y compañía, susceptibilidad a la estafa y la traición, fijación en lo negativo, anticipación de los resultados, absolutismo del siempre o nunca, miedo a lo desconocido, magnificación o catastrofización, salto a las conclusiones y descalificación de lo positivo.
Computational Modelling for the Optical Properties of Dye Molecules Adsorbed onto Metallic Nanoparticles
Authors:   , Tang Chhayly
Published: September 2021

The study of light scattering by particles has become fundamental and applied interests in the fields of chemistry, biology, and most importantly in physics. In this context, this thesis focuses on understanding the optical properties of dye layers adsorbed onto metallic nanoparticles (NP), which is essential for interpreting the results of plasmon-dye coupling experiments. To model such a system, Mie theory is often used to solve for the exact solution to Maxwell’s equations for spherical homogeneous and isotropic coated NP. The effects of the NP’s plasmon resonances on the optical properties of the adsorbed dye layer have been predicted using an effective medium model, where the dye-layer is treated as an isotropic layer with an effective dielectric function accounting for the dye resonance. However, this isotropic shell model is inadequate as it cannot account for the dye surface concentration and the anisotropy of the optical response of the dye layer.

In this thesis, we introduce anisotropic effects within Mie theory and develop microscopic models to define effective dielectric functions which explicitly include the dye-concentration effect in the shell model. Combining anisotropic Mie theory with a concentration-dependent effective shell model allows us to form new theoretical tools to model the optical properties of adsorbed dye layers on metallic NPs of spherical shape. With this new refined effective medium model, we are then able to study shell models for elongated particles beyond the quasi-static approximation. This is implemented using the finite element method (FEM) to numerically solve Maxwell’s equations. The FEM implementation is then used to investigate how the NP’s plasmon resonance can be affected by the dye’s orientation and location on the NP’s surface. We show that the orientation and location of the dye molecules on the NP determine how strongly the plasmon resonance is shifted.

The results of this work will improve our ability to accurately model the optical properties of anisotropic molecules adsorbed on metallic NPs. This is important in a number of applications including the development of localised surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensing and the design of plasmonic devices.
Throat culture screening for Beta-haemolytic streptococci among schoolboys in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Abolfotouh Mostafa A. , Bilal Naser E. , Badawl Ibrahim A.
Published: September 2021

Thistudy was designed to estimate the carrier rate of beta-haemolytic streptococci among 972 primary-school boys in a high-altitude area of Saudi Arabia, and its association with social class, crowding index and body mass index, and also to determine the seasonal variation of infection. A carrier rate of 13.1% for beta-haemolytic streptococci was detected. The carrier rate was significantly higher in spring than in winter. The association between streptococcal infection and social class, crowding index, or body mass index was statistically not significant. The low prevalence of streptococcal infection might be attributed to the high altitude but further studies are needed to determine whether this is the case
Evaluation of an educational training programme for the development of trainers in child mental health in Alexandria
Authors: Seif El Din Amira, G.
Published: September 2021

A six-day workshop was conducted to develop trainers in mental health by providing physicians participating in the programme with the necessary educational knowledge and skills. A significant improvement was observed in the participants’ knowledge and skills after the workshop. A significant correlation was found between the increase in knowledge and that of performance. The increase was affected neither by the years of work experience nor by the postgraduate degree held. This observed benefit and the satisfaction expressed by participants encourage the replication of such a programme in order to develop qualified health personnel capable of expanding mental health services for children
Urogenital trichomoniasis in an Iraqi population
Authors: Mahdi N. K.
Published: September 2021

Vaginal swabs were obtained from 300 females and examined by the wet preparation and culture methods. Trichomonas vaginalis was identified in 34 female subjects [11.3%] with vaginal discharge. Pregnant women showed the highest rate [15.0%]. The next highest infection rate [12.9%] was noticed during the menstrual years. Women aged over 40 years showed a rate of 3.8%. A total of 235 males were also investigated;150 [63.8%] presented with urethral discharge and 85 [36.2%] were apparently healthy and asymptomatic. Among those with discharge, infection was identified in 11 subjects [7.3%], against 2 [2.4%] among the asymptomatic subjects. The majority of positive cases were in the age group 21-40 years
[Arabic medical literature in the nineteenth century]
Authors: Tekretti A.
Published: September 2021

The first Arabic medical publication was a book on smallpox written by a French author, translated by a Syrian translator and printed in Cairo around the year 1800. A few years later in 1827, a medical school, teaching in Arabic, was opened in Cairo, followed by a similar medical school in Beirut in 1867. The two schools triggered the production of a host of Arabic textbooks, dictionaries and medical journals. Despite the lack of available information, this paper endeavours to review the Arabic medical literature that appeared at the time of these two pioneer schools in the nineteenth century
Major histocompatibility class I antigens in the Lebanese population
Authors: Salti N. N. , Shaya M.
Published: September 2021

Except for two reports on Lebanese immigrants, there have been no studies on the major histocompatibility [MHC] antigens in the Lebanese population. We describe the frequency and distribution of MHC class I antigens present in the A, B and C loci based on data obtained from 200 healthy unrelated individuals from different parts of Lebanon. The highest gene frequencies were as follows:A2 [24.8%], B35 [17.9%] and Cw4 [18.6%], making this haplotype the commonest. Comparison of genetic distances revealed a pattern closer to the Caucasoid population than to the Mongoloid, Oriental or Black populations
Eosinophil cationic protein as a serological marker of disease activity in childhood bronchial asthma
Authors: Badr El Din O. M. , El Sawy I. H. , El Azzouni O. E. , Badr El Din M. M. A. , Salem A. M.
Published: September 2021

To study the value of eosinophil cationic protein [ECP] as a serological marker of disease activity in childhood bronchial asthma, ECP levels were measured in 20 healthy control children and 25 asthmatic children, during and 2 weeks after acute exacerbation. The mean serum ECP level of all asthmatic patients, during and after exacerbation, was significantly higher than the control group and was significantly higher during attacks than 2 weeks after their termination. ECP levels were highest in severe attacks, but did not differ between mild and moderate attacks. ECP levels in asthmatic patients 2 weeks after mild and moderate attacks were comparable to normal; after severe attacks levels remained higher than normal. Measurement of serum ECP will be helpful in determining asthma activity and deciding the use of anti-asthma drugs
Effects of environmental tobacco smoke on the health of children in the Syrian Arab Republic
Authors: Maziak W. , Mzayek F. , Al Musherref M.
Published: September 2021

In the Syrian Arab Republic, studies on the effects of environmental tobacco smoke on children are lacking. We conducted a cross-sectional study on the effect of household environmental tobacco smoke on 1859 children under 12 years from both urban and rural areas. Parental and household smoking were associated with respiratory morbidity in the children. Parental smoking was associated with an increased likelihood of having sudden infant death syndrome in the family and was also associated with the presence of other smokers within households, which adds to children’s exposure. To our knowledge this is the first study in the Syrian Arab Republic to report a clear association between environmental tobacco smoke and childhood respiratory morbidity
Bionomics of anopheline vectors in Zabid District, Al-Hodeidah Governorate, Republic of Yemen
Authors: Al Maktari M. T. , Bassioumy H. K.
Published: September 2021

The bionomics of anopheline vectors were analysed in randomly selected centres, representing fixed and spot-check stations. Three anopheline species were found. Anopheles arabiensis was the most prevalent species [84.2%]with a sporozoite rate of 0.7%, followed by A. culicifacies adenensis [14.9%]and A. rhodesiensis rupicolus [0.9%]. Maximum indoor resting density was recorded during March, July and August. Positive sprayed sites for females were higher in bedrooms [40.4%]than animal sheds [26.9%]. A total of 2560 anopheline larvae were collected of which 79.5% were A. arabiensis, 19.4% were A. culicifacies adenensis and 1.1% A. rhodesiensis rupicolus. A. arabiensis was assumed to be the most efficient malaria vector based on epidemiological evidence and the finding of natural sporozoite infected females
“Near miss” obstetric morbidity in an inner city hospital in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Nasrat H. A. , Youssef M. H. M. , Marzoogi A. , Talab F.
Published: September 2021

A defined “near-miss” end-point, e. g. peripartum hysterectomy, is a more useful measure of obstetric care in a modern inner-city hospital than maternal mortality. Thus, indication[s], type of operation, risk factors and surgical morbidity of all cases of peripartum hysterectomy conducted over a period of 85 months at King Abdul Aziz Hospital, Jeddah were reviewed. The incidence of hysterectomy was 1.22 per 1000 deliveries. Atonic postpartum haemorrhage was the most common reason [43.5%], followed by ruptured uterus [30.4%]and placenta accreta [26.1%]. Of the atonic group, five patients were primigravidae, three of whom had severe pre-eclampsia. Abnormally prolonged labour was noted in this group. In the uterine rupture group, only two patients had had previous caesarean sections. In the placenta accreta group, three patients had placenta praevia, two of whom had scars from previous caesarean sections. One maternal death was attributed to amniotic fluid embolism
Lipid profiles in the Isfahan population: an Isfahan cardiovascular disease risk factor survey, 1994
Authors: Rafiei M. , Boshtam M. , Sarraf Zadegan N.
Published: September 2021

A population-based study was conducted in 1994 in Isfahan to define the prevalence of various types of hyperlipidaemia and the mean concentrations of serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein [HDL]cholesterol. In all, 2200 people were randomly chosen and classified into five age groups [20-70 years]. The data were obtained by questionnaires and anthropometric measurements and serum lipids and fasting blood sugar were measured. The prevalence of hyperlipidaemia was higher in women than men. Multiple linear regression showed only HDL cholesterol and triglycerides to be associated with body mass index. The most prevalent lipid abnormality was HDL cholesterol. Diet modification and physical activity should be encouraged to reduce hyperlipidaemia