bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UNAPREĐENJE SKLADIŠNOG POSLOVANJA IMPLEMENTACIJOM WMS U INSTITUTU ZA RATARSTVO I POVRTARSTVO
Authors: Ivančević Tijana
Published: August 2020

Predmet rada jesu osnovni pojmovi logistike, sa naglaskom na značaj skladišnih procesa u logistici. Primenom inženjerske metode Ishikawa dija­gram, identifikovani su glavni uzroci koji utiču na proces skladištenja u Institutu za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo. Na osnovu rezulata dobijenihi iz Ishikawa dijagrama, pred­loženo je unapređenje skladišnog poslovanja u preduzeću, kupovinom WMS i RFID sistema.
ANALIZA I ZNAČAJ ŽIVOTNIH OSIGURANJA KAO POTENCIJAL ZA INVESTICIONA ULAGANJA I UNAPREĐENJE KVALITETA ŽIVOTA OSIGURANIKA KROZ NAKNADU ŠTETA
Authors: Dobrilović Nikola
Published: August 2020

U radu su prikazane osnovne specifičnosti i karakteristike životnih osigranja, istorija, tehničke osnove, matematička rezerva, vrste životnih osiguranja. Dat je prikaz toka za procenu šteta a zatim unit linked proizvodi kao nova vrsta proizvoda životnih osiguranja i potencijal za investiciona ulaganja.
АУТОМАТИЗАЦИЈА ПРОЦЕСА ИНИЦИРАЊА КОМАСАЦИОНИХ ПРОЈЕКАТА У ОПШТИНИ ВРБАС
Authors: Jevtić Nataša , Marinković Goran
Published: August 2020

У овом раду извршено је рангирање катастарских општина у општини Врбас употребом TOPSIS, ELECTRE, SAW и АHP метода, које су имплементиране у програм користећи програмски језик MATLAB.
Awareness assessment for parents of children with congenital heart diseases regarding fetal echocardiography
Authors: Rakha Shaimaa
Published: August 2020

Background and Objectives. The high recurrence rate of congenital heart disease (CHD) in siblings was the rationale for recommending fetal echocardiography. However, in a developing country like Egypt, there are limited fetal echocardiographic examinations under this category. The study was conducted to assess knowledge about fetal echocardiography amongst parents of children with CHD.
Method. A questionnaire survey was conducted in a tertiary pediatric hospital from June to December 2018. The study included parents having children with CHD follow up in the outpatient clinic or admitted in the pediatric cardiology ward. The questionnaire included demographic data of parents regarding sex, age, education, and residence. It also includes a detailed inquiry about parents` knowledge regarding the availability, safety, and value of fetal echocardiography.
Results. Participants were 200 parents, mostly mothers 159 (79.5%). The median age of parents included in the study was 33.5 (29-40) years. Regarding awareness, 134 (67%) did not know any prenatal diagnostic investigation for CHD, 46 (23%) knew fetal echocardiography, and 20 (10%) named other tools. Nevertheless, 34% of parents thought they would need fetal echocardiography in a subsequent pregnancy. Although 178 (89%) of parents thought it might be a safe investigation, 33% did not think it will have additional benefits over postnatal echocardiography. The age of the patient and age of the participating parent were the only statistically significant predictors for parents knowledge on fetal echocardiography existence with p= 0.008, 95% CI=1.039- 1.282 and p= 0.015, 95% CI = 0.864-0.984, respectively.
Conclusion. Parents of children with CHD have significant knowledge gaps regarding Fetal Echocardiography. Our findings suggest that the current parent counseling is inadequate and needs further focus, especially in developing countries, to promote parents` understanding of the prenatal cardiac diagnosis. Data on fetal echocardiography should be clarified at the initial diagnosis of pediatric CHD.
Clinical features and treatment of ruptured pulmonary hydatid cyst in children
Authors: Özdemir Tunç , Sayan Ali , Candan Belce , Köylüoğlu Gökhan
Published: August 2020

Backgroud and Objectives. Rupture is the main complication of the pulmonary hydatid cyst (HC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical features and treatment of ruptured pulmonary HC.
Method. The medical records of children who had undergone surgery between January 1999 and December 2017 for pulmonary HC were retrospectively evaluated. One hundred forty seven of these patients had ruptured HC at the time of diagnosis. The gender, age at the time of diagnosis, sociogeographic status (i.e., from urban or rural population group), symptoms, affected lung region, cyst dimensions, preoperative complications, medical treatment duration, and associated morbidities were evaluated.
Results. The study included 649 patients with pulmonary HC. Mean age was 9,8 (2-17) years. Three hundred forty four patients were male and 305 were female. The most common symptoms were, cough accompanying mucopurulent sputum, hydropthysis and dyspnea in patients with ruptured HC. The diagnosis of all the patients were established in the light of the findings obtained from two-sided chest x-ray and CT of the thorax. Simple cystotomy via posterolateral thoracotomy was the treatment of choice. Cappitonage was not performed in any patients. Lung resection was performed only if there was an irreversible and disseminated pulmonary destruction.
Conclusion. Rupture of the pulmonary HC is the most common and also the most feared complication. Rupture may be either intrabronchial or intrapleural. Radiologic imaging is diagnostic. Rupture of the pulmonary HC must be considered as an emergent issue. Simple cystotomy amd removal of the laminated membranes are adequate treatment of choice. Meticulous closure of the bronchial openings is mandatory to avoid prolonged air leak. Cappitonage is unnecessary.
Muscle strength and joint health in children with hemophilia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Tat Necati Muhammed , Tat Ayşe Merve , Can Filiz , Antmen Bülent , Öner Ahmet Fayik
Published: August 2020

Background and Objectives. We aimed to evaluate joint health in children with hemophilia (CwH) and to investigate the effects of hemarthrosis on the musculoskeletal system.
Method. Forty-one CwH aged between 6-18 years participated in the study. Joint health status was evaluated according to Hemophilia Joint Health Score (HJHS). Pain intensity level was assessed in resting and in activity using Visual Analog Scale. Range of motion was measured with goniometer and muscle strength was assessed with digital dynamometer. Arthropathic joints were examined in three groups named knee, elbow and ankle.
Results. Physical examination revealed arthropathy findings to be found in 29 knee, 19 elbow and 18 ankle joints. The median of flexion angle of the affected side were 120°, 122° and 12° for the knee, elbow and ankle and extension losses of these joints were 5°, 7° and 0, respectively. In CwH having knee and elbow arthropathy, index joint HJHS was found to be significantly higher than those with ankle arthropathy (p < 0.01). The flexor and extensor muscle strength significantly decreased in 11 CwH with unilateral elbow arthropathy compared to the non-arthropatic side (p < 0.05). In 15 CwH with unilateral ankle arthropathy decreased in the extensor muscle strength (plantarflexors) (p < 0.05). Extension loss showed a good correlation with index HJHS of elbow, knee and ankle joints, respectively. (rs= 0.599, 0.576, 0.606, p < 0.01). We observed that the muscle strength of elbow flexors/extensors and ankle extensors were significantly decreased compared to the non-arthropathic side. However this situation was not detected in knee joint despite having highest index HJHS.
Conclusion. Our findings indicate that hemarthrosis may cause more muscle strength loss in the upper extremity than the lower extremity. Furthermore, extension loss was found to be an important parameter in physical examination of hemophilic arthropathy. Musculoskeletal system should be evaluated comprehensively at regular intervals and when necessary rehabilitative treatment should be planned.
Bee product efficacy in children with upper respiratory tract infections
Authors: Seçilmiş Yılmaz , Silici Sibel
Published: August 2020

Background and Objectives. The most common infectious disease in children is acute upper respiratory tract infection (URTI). Many drugs, especially antitussive drugs, are used for symptomatic treatment. Bee products (propolis, royal jelly, and honey) have antiviral, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties, and they have synergistic effects with antibiotics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a mixture of bee products in URTI in children.
Methods. The patients were divided into four groups consisting of two bacterial groups receiving either antibiotics or antibiotics + bee products and two viral groups treated with either placebo or bee products. Disease severity and improvement duration were assessed by the Canadian Acute Respiratory Illness and Flu Scale (CARIFS) Score.
Results. One hundred and four patients (59 male, 56.7%; 45 female, 43.3%) aged between 5‒12 years were included in the study. Fifty patients (48%) were evaluated for bacterial infections and 54 (52%) for viral infections. Patients with viral infection receiving a mixture product showed earlier improvement, compared to placebo group. CARIFS scores were significantly lower in antibiotic + mixture group on day-2 and day-4, compared to antibiotic alone group (p < 0.05). None of the patients developed any reactions or side effects to the mixture product.
Conclusions. Bee products are effective in symptomatic treatment of upper respiratory tract infections. Bee products can be considered as a good treatment option because the available drugs already used for symptomatic treatment are not cost effective and can also have serious side effects in children.
A neglected cause of recurrent rhabdomyolysis, LPIN1 gene defect: a rare case from Turkey
Authors: Topal Sevgi , Köse Melis Demir , Ağın Hasan , Sarı Ferhat , Çolak Mustafa , Atakul Gülhan , Karaarslan Utku , İşgüder Rana
Published: August 2020

Background. Rhabdomyolysis; can occur due to toxic, infectious, metabolic, and genetic causes. Severe rhabdomyolysis may progress to several clinical manifestations such as cardiac arrest and may pose a risk of mortality if it is not treated timely.
Case. In this article, we presented a 26-month-old patient who was admitted with an acute rhabdomyolysis attack and a venovenous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF) was initiated on the 5th hour of hospitalization. Creatine kinase (CK) levels of the patient continued to increase (max: 943 452 IU/L) until the 5th day of treatment and hereafter began to decrease. As the common causes of rhabdomyolysis were excluded and the CK levels were the highest values reported in the literature, although, LPIN1 deficiency was the most suspected diagnosis, to facilitate the diagnostic procedures a whole-exome sequencing was performed. A homozygous [c.1696G > C p. (Asp566His)] mutation was detected on LPIN1 gene. This variant has not been described previously, however, when examined with programs such as SIFT and Mutation taster, it has been considered as pathogenic.
Conclusion. In the pediatric age group, especially in infants presenting with severe rhabdomyolysis, LPIN1 deficiency should also be considered; as early diagnosis and appropriate treatment may reduce mortality.
Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis due to calculi in a 5-year-old girl
Authors: Akyol-Önder Esra Nagehan , Özkol Mine , Neşe Nalan , Taneli Can , Özünan İpek
Published: August 2020

Background. Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is characterized by the inflammatory destruction of the renal parenchyma and intensive renal fibrosis. It is named because of its pathological appearance; that of its granulomatous inflammatory process with lipid-laden macrophages, which appear yellow, hence `xantho` which is Greek for yellow. Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is predominantly a disease of adults. In children it is diagnosed sporadically and is extremely rare in infants. The age of onset varies (21 days to 16 years), although 60-75% of cases have been diagnosed before 5 years of age. Recurrent urinary tract infections, obstructive nephropathy caused by renal calculus, malnutrition, abnormal lipid metabolism, altered immunologic response, lymphatic blockage, congenital urinary anomalies have been implicated in the etiology of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in children.
Case. We report an unusual case of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in a 5-year-old girl and discuss its clinical features, histopathological findings and treatment. In this article, we also emphasized the importance of diagnostic imaging in urinary tract infections which enabled us not to miss the underlying kidney stone disease.
Conclusion. Nephrolithiasis may lead to very serious conditions such as xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. This condition can be easily diagnosed by ultrasound, but if not detected, it can lead to complete loss of renal function as in the case.
Some Issues about Practical Training in Social Work in Schools
Authors: Thuy Nguyen Thi Bich
Published: August 2020

Social work in school is an important area, making taught by most of social work training institutions throughout the country, stemming from the need to solve problems in school which has been oriented and invested in terms of professional investment and practical time. But until now, social work has not yet had its professionalism due to many different reasons. The nature of social work is an application industry, so practical activities in general and field of school in particular need the attention and making practical solutions to improve quality, training effectiveness, thereby enhancing the assistance ability of social worker for their clients.
Pengaruh Ekstrak Pegagan (Centella Asiatica (L.) Terhadap Profil Darah dan Hepar Pada Tikus Putih yang Diinduksi Asap Rokok
Authors: Jiwantoro Yudha Anggit , Jannah Miftahul
Published: August 2020

Pegagan mengandung beberapa komponen beraktivitas biologis yang sangat bermanfaat salah satunya berkasiat sebagai hepatoprotektor yaitu melindungi sel hati dari berbagai kerusakan akibat racun dan zat berbahaya seperti asap rokok. Tujuan: Menganalisis pengaruh ekstrak Pegagan (Centella Asiatica) terhadap profil darah dan hepar pada tikus yang diinduksi asap rokok. Metode: Penelitian ini adalah true eksperiment dengan desain post test only control group design. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 5 ekor tiap kelompok dengan 5 perlakuan sehingga total sampel 25 ekor tikus. Analisa data menggunakan uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, One way ANOVA, dan post hoct test. Hasil: Pemberian ekstrak pegagan dengan dosis terapi sebesar 250 mg/kgbb, 500 mg/kgbb, dan 1000 mg/kgbb terhadap tikus putih yang diinduksi asap rokok selama 7 minggu tidak menunjukkan perbedaan profil darah secara keseluruhan, hanya nilai limfosit dan trombosit yang menunjukkan hasil signifikan (p< 0,05). Pemberian ekstrak pegagan pada profil hepar (SGPT & SGOT) tidak menunjukkan pengaruh yang signifikan (p>0,05). Simpulan: Ekstrak pegagan berpengaruh terhadap profil darah (limfosit dan trombosit).Kata kunci: asap rokok, ekstrak pegagan, profil darah, profil hepar
Faktor Risiko Terjadinya Epilepsi pada Anak Palsi Serebral
Authors: Suhaimi M Luthfi , Syarif Iskandar , Chundrayetti Eva , Lestari Rahmi
Published: August 2020

Pada anak yang menderita palsi serebral kemungkinan akan mengalami peningkatan risiko terjadinya epilepsy. Setiap perubahan pada otak dapat menjadi faktor risiko terjadinya epilepsi dengan berbagai manifestasi klinis. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara faktor risiko dengan terjadinya epilepsi pada anak palsi serebral di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang. Metode: Desain peneltian ini adalah cross-sectional study yang dilaksanakan pada Agustus 2018 sampai Desember 2019. Subjek palsi serebral diperoleh secara consecutive sampling, dengan jumlah minimal 60 subjek. Faktor risiko yang diteliti meliputi asfiksia, persalinan vakum ekstraksi, berat badan lahir rendah, prematuritas dan kejang neonatal. Uji statistik menggunakan Chi-square test dan Fisher’s exact test, dengan batas kemaknaan p<0,05. Hasil: Pada 60 pasien palsi serebral, ditemukan 39 pasien (65%) menderita epilepsi dan 21 pasien (35%) tidak menderita epilepsi. Perbandingan jenis kelamin perempuan dan laki-laki 1,2:1. Epilepsi umum merupakan tipe epilepsi yang paling banyak ditemukan (76,9%), pengobatan secara politerapi hampir sama banyak dengan monoterapi. Asfiksia, persalinan vakum ekstraksi, berat badan lahir rendah, prematuritas dan kejang neonatal tidak bermakna sebagai faktor risiko epilepsi pada anak palsi serebral. Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan antara asfiksia, persalinan vakum ekstraksi, berat badan lahir rendah, prematuritas dan kejang neonatal dengan terjadinya epilepsi pada anak palsi serebral.Kata kunci: cerebral palsy, epilepsy, risk factors
Penatalaksanaan Kista Teratoid Leher
Authors: Karsa Nadya Dwi , Rahman Sukri
Published: August 2020

Kista dermoid merupakan massa kistik subkutan yang terdiri dari epitel dan struktur adneksa. Secara histopatologi terdiri dari tiga jenis yaitu kista epidermoid, dermoid sejati dan teratoid. Kista teratoid merupakan variasi jarang dari kista dermoid. Kista teratoid timbul dari diferensiasi ektodermal sel multipotensial sepanjang proses fusi embrionik. Kista ini lebih sering terjadi pada laki-laki pada usia dekade kedua dan ketiga. Kista dapat terjadi di seluruh tubuh. Dilaporkan kasus seorang laki-laki usia 49 tahun dengan benjolan di leher yang membesar secara perlahan sejak 1 bulan dan hasil Computed Tomography (CT) Scan tiroid dan leher dicurigai sebagai kista tiroglosus dan didiagnosis banding dengan kista dermoid. Dilakukan penatalaksanaan dengan eksisi kista dalam anestesi umum dan dilakukan pemeriksaan patologi anatomi dengan hasil kista teratoid. Kista teratoid dapat berkembang di bagian tubuh manapun, namun sangat jarang pada kepala dan leher. Jika kista teratoid dapat terdiagnosis lebih awal dan ditatalaksana dengan eksisi kista secara komplit, maka prognosisnya lebih baik. Dari ketiga variasi kista dermoid, hanya kista teratoid yang dapat mengalami perubahan kearah keganasan.Kata kunci: eksisi kista, histopatologi, kista teratoid
Karakteristik Kasus Kekerasan Seksual di Rumah Sakit Tipe A di Jawa Barat dan Sumatera Barat
Authors: Windasari Noverika
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Sexual assault in women and children are very prominent among other abuse. Knowledge related to the characteristics of sexual assault is vital for optimal handling of sexual assault cases. Aims: This research aimed to evaluate the characteristics of sexual assault cases in referral hospital (type A hospital) in West Java and West Sumatera provinces. Method: This research is a retrospective descriptive research. The samples were patients suspected of being victims of sexual assault, examined from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2018. Results: The alleged sexual assault victims are dominated by women, unmarried, with the most age groups of 10-19 years. Most victims come to the hospital within a week after the case. The primary type of sexual assault experienced by the victims is vaginal penetration. Most perpetrators were someone who was well known by the victims. The perpetrators prefer to act at noon in a private place. Medical records revealed that in most cases only signs of violence on the anogenital region, and no trace on other body parts. Conclusion: The characteristic of sexual assault from both provinces are almost similar. The difference that stands out lies in the level of education of victims. Knowledge about the aspects of sexual assault cases is essential for health service to provide optimal health service to sexual violence victims as well as the prevention efforts.
Kolesteatom Kongenital dengan Komplikasi Abses Retroaurikula
Authors: Indriani Indriani , Edward Yan , Rosalinda Rossy
Published: August 2020

Kolesteatom kongenital dapat tumbuh di telinga tengah, apeks petrosus dari tulang temporal dan mastoid. Penyakit in biasanya ditemukan secara tidak sengaja saat melakukan tomografi komputer atau setelah ada komplikasi. Salah satu komplikasi yang sering terjadi adalah mastoiditis yang menyebabkan abses retroaurikula. Diagnosis kolesteatom kongenital ditegakkan apabila ditemukan kolesteatom tanpa perforasi membran timpani, riwayat otore maupun riwayat operasi telinga sebelumnya. Operasi adalah terapi mutlak pada kasus ini. Dilaporkan satu kasus kolesteatom kongenital dengan komplikasi abses retroaurikula pada seorang anak perempuan berusia 12 tahun. Pada pasien ini dilakukan tindakan timpanomastoidektomi dinding utuh, yang di follow up selama 3 bulan dengan hasil yang memuaskan. Abses retroaurikula merupakan salah satu komplikasi kolesteatom kongenital yang sering menjadi awal gejala adanya kolesteatom kongenital. Deteksi dini dan tatalaksana yang tepat akan memberikan hasil yang maksimal.Kata kunci: abses retroaurikula, kolesteatom kongenital, membran timpani utuh
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ТИТАНУ (ІV) ОКСИДУ МОДИФІКОВАНОГО НАНОЧАСТИНКАМИ СРІБЛА ДЛЯ ОЧИЩЕННЯ СТІЧНИХ ВОД ТЕКСТИЛЬНИХ ВИРОБНИЦТВ
Authors: Skiba Margarita , Vorobyova Viktoria
Published: August 2020

Актуальність теми дослідження. Екологічні проблеми водних екосистем України пов'язані з безповоротним водозабором і скидом забруднюючих речовин у водні об’єкти. Тому актуальним є дослідження спрямовані на удосконалення відомих методів та засобів очищення стічних вод виробництв для запобігання шкідливого впливу на довкілля та життєдіяльності людини. Постановка проблеми. На сьогодні не достатньо наукової інформації про підвищення ефективності фотокаталізаторів (діоксину титану) нанорозмірними металами та їх використання для розкладання барвників, тому необхідно здійснення досліджень в цьому напрямку. Аналіз останніх досліджень і публікацій. Були розглянуті останні вітчизняні та закордонні публікації у відкритому доступі, щодо модифікування фотокаталізатору титану (ІV) оксиду наночастинками срібла, одержаними різними способами, та їх ефективність до розкладання полютантів (барвників). Виділення недосліджених частин загальної проблеми. Інформація про допування фотокаталізатора (титану (ІV) оксиду) плазмохімічно одержаними наночастками срібла та вивчення його ефективності щодо розкладання
барвників є дуже обмеженою. Постановка завдання. Дослідження ефективності використання плазмохімічно одержаних дисперсій срібла в якості допуючої складової фотокаталізатора та дослідження його ефективності очищення стічних вод від барвників. Виклад основного матеріалу. Одержано модифікований плазмохімічно одержаними наночастинками срібла титан (ІV) оксид. Фазовий склад модифікованого фотокаталізатора (2% Ag НЧ) було досліджено рентгеноструктурним аналізом. Аналіз морфології поверхні зразків проаналізовано із використанням скануючої і просвічуючої мікроскопії. Оцінено можливість застосування композитного фотокаталізатора для видалення барвника катіонного барвника метиленового синього. Встановлено, що одержаний композитний фотокаталізатор виявляли більшу фотокаталітичну активність щодо барвника, в порівнянні з промисловим TiO2. Досліджено вплив домішок Cl−, NO3 −, SO42-, Fe3+ на ефективність фотокаталітичного розкладання барвника. Висновки відповідно до статті. Серед багатьох полютантів особливу увагу привертають барвники. Модифікування промислових зразків фотокаталізатора металевими наночастинками, одержаними плазмовим способом є перспективним способом для підвищення ефективності промислових зразків титан (ІV) оксиду.
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ЖИТНЬОЇ ЗАКВАСКИ В ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ КИСЛОМОЛОЧНИХ ПРОДУКТІВ
Authors: Cheliabiieva Viktoriia , Shcherba Liudmyla , Oliachenko Tetiana
Published: August 2020

Актуальність теми дослідження. Кисломолочні напої в харчуванні людини займають вагоме місце, і питання розширення асортименту кисломолочних напоїв, шляхом використання нових кисломолочних культур для заквашування є актуальним для харчової галузі. Постановка проблеми. Приготування кефіру передбачає використання кефірного грибка – адаптованого кумисного ферменту, отримання культури якого потребує специфічного елективного середовища. Тому, пошук культур, які можна
отримати на доступних елективних середовищах, і, які можуть бути використані для швидкого й легкого приготування кисломолочного продукту, максимально наближеного за своїми властивостями до кефіру, є актуальним питанням. Аналіз останніх досліджень і публікацій. Для отримання кисломолочних продуктів застосовують ряд культур молочнокислих бактерій і дріжджів, найбільш вживаними є молочнокислий стрептокок (Lactococcus lactis); болгарська паличка (Lactobacterium bulgaricum), вершковий стрептокок (Streptococcus cremoris), ацидофільна паличка (Lactobacterium acidophilium). Кожний вид кисломолочних продуктів виготовляють за допомогою певних культур мікроорганізмів. Виділення недосліджених частин загальної проблеми. Відсутня інформація стосовно використання мікрофлори житньої закваски у виробництві кисломолочних продуктів. Постановка завдання. За мету було поставлено дослідження використання в технології кисломолочних продуктів мікрофлори житньої закваски, органолептичних та фізико-хімічних характеристик отриманого готового продукту. Виклад основного матеріалу. За структурно-механічними властивостями згустку, органолептичними характеристиками готового продукту та показниками синерезису найкращі властивості має продукт, отриманий при внесенні в коров’яче молоко 3 % виведеної густої житньої закваски. Фізико-хімічні характеристики отриманого
продукту відповідають ДСТУ 4417:2005. Кефір. Висновки відповідно до статті. Внесення в коров’яче молоко густої житньої закваски в кількості 3 % до маси молока дозволяє отримати кисломолочний продукт, який відповідає за органолептичними і фізико-хімічними характеристиками кефіру. Виведення мікрофлори густої житньої закваски не потребує спеціальних елективних середовищ та відбувається за простою схемою. Мікрофлора густої житньої закваски містить гетероферментативні мікроорганізми Lactobacillus plantarum і Lactobacillus brevis, які невибагливі в умовах виробничого технологічного циклу, володіють пробіотичними властивостями, зумовлюючи біологічну цінність отриманого кефіру.
Comparison of low dose vaginal misoprostol with Foley catheter balloon as preinduction cervical ripening agents in term pregnancies
Authors: Nyango Dalyop Davou , M Daloek , ML Kahansim
Published: August 2020

Objective:

One of the obstetricians’ nightmare is managing high-risk pregnancies. Also, the emerging trend by pregnant women requesting for specific delivery dates for social reasons adds to this burden. In both instances, the obstetrician is faced with the challenge of inducing labor where the cervix is still unfavorable. The objective of the study was to compare the effectiveness of loe dose vaginal misoprostol and transcervical extra-amniotic Foley catheter balloon as pre-induction cervical ripening agents in term pregnancies.

Material and Methods:

This was a prospective, single-blind, randomized comparative trial at a tertiary hospital. Pregnant women at term in whom induction of labor was indicated, who made the inclusion criteria and who gave their consent were randomly assigned to either the vaginal misoprostol or the Foley catheter balloon group. Oxytocin was used for the augmentation of labor subsequent to the artificial rupture of the membranes according to the departmental protocols.

Results:

One hundred and fifty women were recruited and randomized (75 in each group). In the misoprostol group, 58 (77.3%) women achieved cervical ripening (cervical dilation of ≥4) within 12 h, compared to 43 (57.3%) in the Foley catheter balloon group. Spontaneous vaginal delivery within 12 h was 88.0% and 66.3% in the misoprostol and Foley catheter group, respectively. However, 34.7% in misoprostol group had precipitate labor (induction-to-delivery interval ≤3 h), while 9.3% in the Foley catheter group had prolonged labor. There were no significant differences in the incidence of meconium staining and 1st min Apgar scores of the babies in the two groups.

Conclusion:

Low dose (25 μg) vaginal misoprostol is a more effective pre-induction cervical ripening agent compared to the conventional transcervical extra-amniotic Foley catheter balloon method. While uterine hyperstimulation is the major risk in the misoprostol group, long induction-to-delivery interval is associated with labors induced following use of Foley catheter balloon as the pre-induction cervical ripening agent.
Cytologic studies of in vivo fallopian tube specimens in patients undergoing salpingo-oophorectomy
Authors: Pramanik Sharmila , Yang Eric , Wu Wendy
Published: August 2020

Objectives:

Recent research shows that most high grade ovarian cancer (OC) originates from the fallopian tube (FT). Cytologic evaluation of FT cells may enable early detection of OC.

Material and Methods:

This was a prospective study with patients enrolled from 3 centers (October 2016– August 2017). Forty-two women undergoing salpingo-oophorectomy for a pelvic mass suspicious for malignancy or undergoing risk-reducing surgery for BRCA mutations were included in the study. At the time of scheduled surgery, a novel catheter was used to collect FT cells through hysteroscopy. A pathologist blinded to surgical or pathologic findings evaluated FT cytology, and results were compared to pathology.

Results:

Of the 61 samples collected, 72% (44/61) met the adequacy criteria (≥5 clusters of cells with 20 cells in each cluster). Cytology classification criteria were established and applied to adequate samples. Forty-four samples were benign with mixed population of cells with round, oval, and spindled nuclei; 2-dimensional clusters; columnar cell configuration; flat sheets; cilia presence; no/mild nuclear pleomorphism; no nuclear membrane irregularities; and no nucleoli. Five samples had benign features with reactive nuclear and cytoplasmic changes and/or background inflammation, which were categorized as “reactive atypia.” Two malignant samples had features of 3-dimensional (3D) clusters, loss of mixed population of cells; increased nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio; nuclear membrane irregularity and nucleoli presence. Three samples with some but not all of malignant features were categorized as “neoplastic” (anisonucleosis; small nucleoli and features suggestive of 3D clusters). Malignant/ neoplastic samples were labeled as “Positive” (n = 5) while benign/reactive samples were labeled as “Negative” (n = 39). A high concordance rate (95%, 42/44) was observed between cytology results and histology.

Conclusions:

We characterized cytologic features for pathologically distinct FT samples collected in vivo using a novel catheter and demonstrated its value in detecting OC.
Drug Binding Dynamics of the Dimeric SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease, Determined by Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Authors: KOMATSU Teruhisa S. , Okimoto Noriaki , KOYAMA Yohei M. , HIRANO Yoshinori , MORIMOTO Gentaro , OHNO Yousuke , Taiji Makoto
Published: August 2020

We performed molecular dynamics simulation of the dimeric SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2) main protease (Mpro) to examine the binding dynamics of small molecular ligands. Seven HIV inhibitors, darunavir, indinavir, lopinavir, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir, and tipranavir, were used as the potential lead drugs to investigate access to the drug binding sites in Mpro. The frequently accessed sites on Mpro were classified based on contacts between the ligands and the protein, and the differences in site distributions of the encounter complex were observed among the ligands. All seven ligands showed binding to the active site at least twice in 28 simulations of 200 ns each. We further investigated the variations in the complex structure of the active site with the ligands, using microsecond order simulations. Results revealed a wide variation in the shapes of the binding sites and binding poses of the ligands. Additionally, the C-terminal region of the other chain often interacted with the ligands and the active site. Collectively, these findings indicate the importance of dynamic sampling of protein- ligand complexes and suggest the possibilities of further drug optimisations.

Raw trajectory data analysed in this paper and movie examples are available at the zenodo repository.
Radical Tropolone Biosynthesis
Authors: Doyon Tyler J. , Skinner Kevin , Yang Di , Mallik Leena , Wymore Troy , Koutmos Markos , Zimmerman Paul M. , Narayan Alison
Published: August 2020

Non-heme iron (NHI) enzymes perform a variety of oxidative rearrangements to advance simple building blocks toward complex molecular scaffolds within secondary metabolite pathways. Many of these transformations occur with selectivity that is unprecedented in small molecule catalysis, spurring an interest in the enzymatic processes which lead to a particular rearrangement. In-depth investigations of NHI mechanisms examine the source of this selectivity and can offer inspiration for the development of novel synthetic transformations. However, the mechanistic details of many NHI-catalyzed rearrangements remain underexplored, hindering full characterization of the chemistry accessible to this functionally diverse class of enzymes. For NHI-catalyzed rearrangements which have been investigated, mechanistic proposals often describe one-electron processes, followed by single electron oxidation from the substrate to the iron(III)-hydroxyl active site species. Here, we examine the ring expansion mechanism employed in fungal tropolone biosynthesis. TropC, an α-ketoglutarate- dependent NHI dioxygenase, catalyzes a ring expansion in the biosynthesis of tropolone natural product stipitatic acid through an under-studied mechanism. Investigation of both polar and radical mechanistic proposals suggests tropolones are constructed through a radical ring expansion. This biosynthetic route to tropolones is supported by X-ray crystal structure data combined with molecular dynamics simulations, alanine-scanning of active site residues, assessed reactivity of putative biosynthetic intermediates, and quantum mechanical (QM) calculations. These studies support a radical ring expansion in fungal tropolone biosynthesis.
A Very Large-Scale Bioactivity Comparison of Deep Learning and Multiple Machine Learning Algorithms for Drug Discovery
Authors: Lane Thomas R. , Foil Daniel H. , Minerali Eni , Urbina Fabio , Zorn Kimberley M. , ekins sean
Published: August 2020

Machine learning methods are attracting considerable attention from the pharmaceutical industry for use in drug discovery and applications beyond. In recent studies we have applied multiple machine learning algorithms, modeling metrics and in some cases compared molecular descriptors to build models for individual targets or properties on a relatively small scale. Several research groups have used large numbers of datasets from public databases such as ChEMBL in order to evaluate machine learning methods of interest to them. The largest of these types of studies used on the order of 1400 datasets. We have now extracted well over 5000 datasets from CHEMBL for use with the ECFP6 fingerprint and comparison of our proprietary software Assay CentralTM with random forest, k-Nearest Neighbors, support vector classification, naïve Bayesian, AdaBoosted decision trees, and deep neural networks (3 levels). Model performance was assessed using an array of five-fold cross-validation metrics including area-under-the-curve, F1 score, Cohen’s kappa and Matthews correlation coefficient. Based on ranked normalized scores for the metrics or datasets all methods appeared comparable while the distance from the top indicated Assay CentralTM and support vector classification were comparable. Unlike prior studies which have placed considerable emphasis on deep neural networks (deep learning), no advantage was seen in this case where minimal tuning was performed of any of the methods. If anything, Assay CentralTM may have been at a slight advantage as the activity cutoff for each of the over 5000 datasets representing over 570,000 unique compounds was based on Assay CentralTMperformance, but support vector classification seems to be a strong competitor. We also apply Assay CentralTM to prospective predictions for PXR and hERG to further validate these models. This work currently appears to be the largest comparison of machine learning algorithms to date. Future studies will likely evaluate additional databases, descriptors and algorithms, as well as further refining methods for evaluating and comparing models.
Drug Guest Molecules as Modulators During One-Step Mechanochemical Encapsulation in MIL-100 (Fe) Framework
Authors: Souza Barbara , Moslein Annika , Titov Kirill , Taylor James D. , Rudic Svemir , Tan Jin-Chong
Published: August 2020

We propose a facile one-pot mechanochemical strategy for the encapsulation of drug guest molecules (e.g. 5‑fluorouracil, caffeine, and aspirin) in MIL-100 (Fe) as the porous host framework. We reveal the modulating effect of 5-FU and caffeine, giving highly crystalline MIL‑100 (Fe), whereas aspirin led to the formation of an amorphous MOF phase. Inelastic neutron scattering (INS) was used to probe the intermolecular interactions underpinning the drug@MIL‑100 assemblies, where strong guest-host interaction was achieved via this eco-friendly approach.
Has Ivermectin Virus-Directed Effects against SARS-CoV-2? Rationalizing the Action of a Potential Multitarget Antiviral Agent
Authors: Francés-Monerris Antonio , Garcia-Iriepa Cristina , Iriepa Isabel , Hognon Cecilia , Miclot Tom , Barone Giampaolo , Monari Antonio , Marazzi Marco
Published: August 2020

The novel SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus is causing a devastating pandemic in 2020, threatening public health in many countries. An unprecedented rapid and global response has been set in motion to identify efficient antiviral agents against SARS-CoV-2, mostly relying on the repurposing of drugs presenting or not previously known antiviral activity. Ivermectin is an approved drug used as antiparasitic in humans and animals with well documented broad-spectrum antiviral properties that emerge from host-directed effects. Recent results reported by Wagstaff and coworkers (Antiviral Research 2020, 178, 104787) show a potent inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro by ivermectin, and clinical trials with human volunteers have already started. However, the mode of action of ivermectin is still largely unknown, especially at the molecular level. Here, we employ advanced molecular dynamics simulations to assess the influence of ivermectin on several key viral protein targets, with the aim to reveal the molecular bases of antiviral mechanisms against SARS-CoV-2. Interestingly, we show that ivermectin could be regarded as a multitarget agent, inhibiting different viral functions. These include blocking the recognition by the SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) of the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2), the interactions with the two viral proteases 3CLpro and PLpro, and the SARS Unique Domain (SUD) non-structural protein. Hence, the wide spectrum of actions involving i) the interference with cell infection, ii) the inhibition of viral replication, and iii) elusion of the host immune system, could point to an unprecedented synergy between host- and virus-directed effects explaining the high anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity observed for this compound.
Ulcer Healing Potential of the Aqueous Extract of Malvastrum tricuspidate Eliminating Toxicity
Authors: Vishal N. Kushare  , Sagar V. Ghotekar  , Manmeet S. Mandloi
Published: August 2020

Ulcers are one of the dreadful and technically known as Peptic Ulcer Disease (PU Disease). Around 10million people around the world are suffering from the disease, and the majority of the people are about 20-50 years of age. This is not a dangerous disease on its own. Still, the ulcers are responsible for the resulting in other diseases like indigestion stomach pain etc. there are various reasons for the causation of ulcer. They are excessive use of pain killers and anti-inflammatory drugs, malnutrition, and unhealthy food habits, stress and steroids. Almost half of the world population relies on herbs for the treatment, and the major sources of the chemical leads that treat diseases are in the medicinal plants only. Many plants have been investigated and reported for their potential antiulcer benefits and are published too for that. The plant parts of Malvastrum tricuspidatum were extracted using distilled water and were investigated for the antiulcer activity in 3 doses like 100,200 and 400mg. The Extract at a higher dose showed better activity than other lower doses. The activity was compared with the standard drug and showed a significantly better activity that the standard and other doses of Extract too.
A Case Study to Evaluate the Treatment of Shwitra with Ayurveda Modalities
Authors: Trupti Thakre  , Sourabh Deshmukh
Published: August 2020

In Ayurveda all the skin diseases are explained under the term Kushtha. The references of shwitra are found in almost all the Samhitas like Bruhatrayees and Laghutrayees. In shwitra disease the white patch is seen and considering these symptom it can be compared to vitiligo. Vitiligo is characterized clinically by the development of areas of depigmentation. These are often symmetrical and occur mainly on extensor surfaces. This hypopigmentation results due to destruction of melanocytes, which may be unknown in origin or due to autoimmune endocrinopathies selective IgA deficiency. In contemporary science treatment of vitiligo is not very effective. Potent topical steroids and tacrolimus is used which produces harm to skin on continuous use. So the effective medicines are expected from Alternative sciences. To evaluates the role of Ayurveda treatment modalities in shwitra. A female patient, aged 15 year suffering from white patch below the left eye since 3year was treated with both Shodhan and Shaman Chikitsa for a period to 5 months with follow up at every 15 days in between, Relief from the complaints was assessed by noting the changes in the size of patch. After 5 months of treatment the size of patch was reduced. The present case study revealed the efficacy of Ayurveda therapy both internal and external for duration of 5 months in the management of shwitra.
Role of Ayurveda in Unmada With Reference to ADHD –A Case Study
Authors: Rakesh Khatana  , Renu Rathi  , Anamika Khatana
Published: August 2020

Attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent neurobehavioral disorders of childhood which affects the social, learning and behavioural abilities, Ayurveda explains almost all the Psychiatric and Behavioral disorders under the headings of Unmada and Apasmara where Unmada is a disease featured as unstable intellect, mind, knowledge, memory, consciousness, and bad manners. This case report is aimed at dissemination of role of Ayurveda in the management of ADHD (Unmada). This case study of 4.3 years male presented with complaints of hyperactivity, poor concentration, easily irritable, shouting, headbanging, unable to speak two words at a time and sentences since last one and half year. It has shown promising results. Rasayana is the source of achieving the excellent quality of rasadidhatus (body tissues) which increases life span, improves Medha (intelligence), stabilizes youthfulness, cures disease, enhances complexion, lustre, and voice makes body strong and healthy. So Sarsawataarishta with gold is selected as a choice of drug as best rejuvenator as it promotes memory and intelligence, improves speech, and promotes health. It provides nourishment to body tissue and also acts on mind. It opened the door of the Ayurvedic approach with hope to deliver the good result in similar disorders. The case was successfully treated with the help of internal medications which were carminative, digestive and mild purgative in action, external oleation and medicated oil enemas suggested by Acharya in the treatment of Unmada. In the view of Ayurveda, ADHD can be named as Unmada due to the specific psycho-somatic clinical presentation.
A Review on Neuroprotective Effects of Almonds
Authors: Samuel Sundar Doss D  , Vijayakumar J  , Rekha K  , Ayesha Parveen
Published: August 2020

Almonds are prunes belonging to the family Rosaceae. Almonds are the most popular and very commonly used nuts. These nuts are extremely beneficial included properties of alpha-tocopherol, vitamin E, sucrose, phenolics, folate, brain tryptophan mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids. It is well known that almonds are protective, and preventive nuts for various diseases. The mechanisms have proven its effects in various body systems and functions like immunostimulation, antioxidant action, hypoglycemic action, prebiotic potentials, cholesterol levels, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective. Therefore, this study aims to review the neuroprotective functions of almonds, and a literature search was done in Pub Med, Google Scholar and Science Direct. From the selected database reviews about the neuroprotective effects of almonds were discussed. It is proven that the natural antioxidant property of almonds is said to be neuroprotective. The regular consumption of almonds in diet is said to increase the memory. The few review articles on neural effects of almonds have proven almond to be very effective and neuroprotective in nature compared to the other nuts. Therefore, it is recommended that dietary intake of almonds does not only have effects on cholesterol levels known previously it has major effects in developing and maintaining the neural mechanism.
The efficiency of vaccination against cattle necrobacteriosis using an experimental vaccine with a new adjuvant complex
Authors: Svetlana A. Gryn  , Evgenia V. Markova  , Valentina I. Klyukina  , Nikolay V. Melnik  , Roman N. Melnik  , Mikhail I. Dunin  , Igor V. Pavlenko  , Maria S. Svyatenko
Published: August 2020

The purpose of the study was to analyze the effectiveness of the adjuvant complex based on saponin, glycerin and chitosan in the experimental series of an inactivated vaccine against cattle necrobacteriosis. 4 groups of animals (30 in each group) were selected for the study, aged 6 to 24 months. The first (1st) group consisted of calves 6 months old, the second (2nd) group consisted of animals 12 months old and the third group – animals 24 months old. The control 4 (fourth) group (non-vaccinated animals) contained 10 animals of each age group – 6, 12 and 24 months old. The animals were vaccinated using a needle-free injector at a dose of 0.4 cm3 in two points at a distance of 7–10 cm (0.2 cm3 each) twice at intervals of 4-6 weeks. Revaccinated after 6 months, with a single dose of 0.4 cm3 (at two points, 0.2 cm2 each). It was found that the vaccine with the multicomponent adjuvant had low viscosity and hardening temperature, moderate reactivity, high stability during storage, prolonged immunity in vaccinated animals. The immunity in animals was detected 21 days after the first vaccine administration and lasted at least 18 months after the last immunization. The necrobacteriosis incidence in animals of the control non-vaccinated group was 70-80%. During double vaccination, the average level of postvaccinal agglutinating antibodies in serum of experimental groups of animals was 312.08±74.12 – 62.13±69, 07. Humoral response in vaccinated animals provided reliable protection against Fusobacterium necrophorum disease within two years (observation period). Absence of disease symptoms in vaccinated animals during 2 years testified to the high preventive efficiency of the vaccine. The results obtained confirm the validity of the application of multicomponent adjuvant in inactivated sorbed vaccine as a means of specific prevention of animal necrobacteriosis.