bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary Alveolar Microlithiasis: About Two Cases
Authors: Zaghba N. , Harraz H. , Chaanoun K. , Benjelloun H. , Yassine N.
Published: May 2022

Alveolar microlithiasis (AML) is a rare condition characterized by the accumulation of calcium concretions in the pulmonary alveolar lumen. We report two cases of AML, suspected on chest radiography and confirmed by chest CT scan with pathognomonic appearance and transbronchial lung biopsy. ALM is often asymptomatic in contrast to the importance of the characteristic radiological lesions. The etiology of this pathology is unknown, but a genetic origin with the autosomal recessive transmission is suspected with mutation of the SLC34A2 gene.
Policies that Affect Art and Craft PTE Performance of PTTCs of Rift Valley Region of Kenya
Authors: Chunguli Konya Thomas , Ambogo Mudulia Mabel
Published: May 2022

Even though the government of Kenya has not only expanded enrolment of teacher trainees, but also introduced new teacher training colleges to cater for the teacher learner ratio in primary school sector as a result of free primary education, there was still dismal performance of Art and Craft of PTTCs at Primary Teacher Examination. Thus, the purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of art and craft learning on primary teacher examination art and craft performance of public teacher training colleges of rift valley region in Kenya. The objective of the study was to establish which policies affect Art and Craft PTE performance of PTTCs of Rift Valley Region of Kenya. The study used a descriptive research design. A stratified sampling of colleges to determine the location of the research was extended to arts and crafts teachers and students, college administrators, and officials from the Ministry of Education. Research data was collected using questionnaires, interview schedules, and document analysis and observation checklists. The study used construction verification techniques, in which two verification tools were provided to observers. Then determine the reliability of the equipment through a pilot study; use the Cronbach α coefficient. Quantitative data is analyzed using descriptive, frequency tables, graphs, and inference statistics, and presented in calculated frequency tables, while qualitative data is analyzed across disciplines, in descriptive forms, percentages, and social sciences. Spearman rank correlation uses K statistical package (SPSS). Version 6. The consistency of the confidence level is accepted within the error range of 0.05. The research results show that curriculum policy, learner policy, teaching policy and practice policy have an impact on the performance of arts and crafts. The results of the research are useful for TTC managers who adopt results-based implementation methods, teachers who do better in results-oriented implementation, and teachers who perform better in PTE arts and crafts exams due to student-friendly implementation strategies. This research can also form the basis for further research.
In-vivo Immunomodulatory Activities of Isolated Compounds from the Leaves of Amaranthus spinosus and Achyranthes aspera
Authors: Sharma Rishikesh , Singh Gurdeep
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study was to look into the  Immunomodulatory action of isolated compound of Achyranthes aspera and Amaranthus spinosus in experimental model of immunity. Cellular immunity was carried out by neutrophil adhesion test and carbon clearance assay, whereas, humoral immunity was analyzed by mice lethality test and indirect haemagglutination assay. The dose was selected after acute toxicity study of isolated compound of Achyranthes aspera and Amaranthus spinosus and administered at 5 mg/kg orally. The Levamisole (0.68mg/kg, p.o) was used as standard. Isolated compound of Achyranthes aspera (IAA) and Amaranthus spinosus (IAS) at 5 mg/kg produced significant increases in adhesion of neutrophils and an increase in phagocytic index in carbon clearance assay. Both doses of IAA and IAS significantly prevented the mortality induced by bovine Pasteurella multocida in mice. Treatment of animals with IAA, IAS and Levamisole significantly increased the circulating antibody titre in indirect haemagglunation test. Among the different Isolates, (IAS) was more effective in cellular immunity models than the (IAA). However, Both the Isolates IAA and IAS exhibited similar protection in humoral immunity procedures. It is concluded that isolated compound of Achyranthes aspera(IAA) and Amaranthus spinosus(IAS)possesses potential for augmenting immune activity by cellular and humoral mediated mechanisms more at doseof (5 mg/kg).
Quantitative Determination of the PARP Inhibitor Olaparib (AZD 2281) in Rat Plasma using LC-MS/MS: Application to Pharmacokinetic Studies
Authors: Nalanda Revu Baby , Rao Atla Srinivasa , Kapileswar S. , Srivani B.
Published: May 2022

Purpose: Olaparib, a highly selective PARP inhibitor in advanced treatment of ovarian cancer. The method describes a simple, rapid, sensitive, specific LC-ESI-MS/MS assay for the simultaneous detection and accurate measurement of olaparib in rat plasma using telmisartan as an internal standard as per the regulatory guidelines.

Methods: Chromatographic separation was carried out on a Liquid Chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) unit with a Kinetex EVO C18 column (50 × 4.6 mm, 5 µ) using a gradient mobile phase of acetonitrile and 5mM ammonium acetate in water. No endogenous interfering compounds were discovered at the retention time of olaparib (1.66 min) and telmisartan (IS, 1.77 min).

Results: The MS/MS detection was performed in positive mode and MRM transitions were m/z 435.22→366.96 and 515.21→276.16 for olaparib and IS, respectively. This method was assessed to be stable, selective and no matrix effect in three concentrations (4, 500, 800 ng/mL). The intra and inter-day precisions were less than 7.55 % and accuracy ranged from 98.00 % to 106.38 %. The extraction recovery was within acceptable limits. Additionally, the method had good linearity in the range of 1-1000 ng/mL.

Conclusion: The validated method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of rats through oral and intravenous administration routes.
Central Retinal Vein Occlusion Secondary to Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria
Authors: Miguel Thiago Sande , Filho Ermes Rodrigues Machado , Miguel Bruna Sande , Costa Daniel Almeida da , Pereira Maurício Bastos
Published: May 2022

Aims: To describe a Central Retinal Vein Occlusion Secondary to Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria.

Presentation of Case: A 25 years old, male, student, in regular follow-up in the Hematology sector due to Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria in regular use of Eculizumab. He reports a month ago that he suddenly noticed, upon waking up in the morning, blurring and decreased visual acuity in her left eye.

Discussion: Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is an acquired disorder characterized by hemolysis, thrombosis, and bone marrow failure caused by defective expression of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored (GPI-anchored) complement inhibitors. Most commonly, PNH is caused by the loss of PIGA function, which is necessary for GPI biosynthesis.

Conclusions: Patients with hemolytic anemia, unexplained thrombosis, especially in uncommon sites, cytopenias and bone marrow failure syndromes, dysphagia, and unexplained abdominal pain should be screened for PNH. PNH patients can benefit greatly from the treatments available, with a reduction in the risk of serious sequelae and a considerable improvement in their quality of life. So that the patient continues to be followed up in the ophthalmology department, with decreased visual acuity ipsilateral to the lesion, with a relative afferent pupillary defect on that side.
Experimental and Kinetic Modeling of Galactose Valorization to Levulinic Acid
Authors: Ringgani Retno , Azis Muhammad Mufti , Rochmadi Rochmadi , Budiman Arief
Published: May 2022

Levulinic acid, a versatile chemical building block, was derived from C6-sugar galactose using sulfuric acid as the catalyst. Galactose is monosaccharide of polysaccharides constituent that is mostly contained in third generation biomass, macro-microalgae. It currently receives high attention to be a source of renewable feedstock. The effect of temperature, catalyst concentration and initial substrate loadings were studied for 60 min, in the temperature range of 150–190 °C, acid concentration of 0.25–0.75 M and initial substrate loading of 0.05–0.25 M. The highest levulinic acid yield of 40.08 wt% was achieved under the following conditions: 0.05 M galactose, 0.75 M acid concentration, 170 °C temperature, and 40 min reaction time. The kinetic model was developed by first order pseudo-irreversible reaction. The results showed that the proposed model could capture the experimental data well. These results suggested that galactose, derived from macro- and micro-algae, can potentially be converted and applied for platform chemicals. Copyright © 2022 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
A Potencialidade do Uso da Retórica para o Ensino de Administração
Authors: Motta Rodrigo Guimarães , Santos Neusa Maria Bastos Fernandes dos , Amorim Maria Cristina Sanches , Silva Jorge Vieira da
Published: May 2022

A dificuldade de alunos em compreender a literatura em cursos de graduação em Administração de Empresas é recorrente: é natural que textos de ciências sociais não se revelem facilmente ao leitor; pelo contrário, a compreensão exige método e disciplina. Isto posto, acredita-se que a retórica é um conhecimento e uma prática eficaz para ensinar graduandos a ler a teoria relativa à ciência social aplicada e às áreas específicas. Assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa é evidenciar a potencialidade do uso da retórica ao ensino em cursos de graduação em Administração. A metodologia consiste na apresentação dos recursos retóricos para a leitura e no exercício de leitura retórica de um artigo sobre estratégia, The Capabilities of Market-Driven Organizations de George S. Day (1994), referência de alto impacto até hoje. Perante a análise desenvolvida, os resultados revelaram que a intenção de Day é persuadir o leitor a escolher seu modelo de estratégia, sem apresentar avanços teóricos, sendo sua principal contribuição autoral combinar elementos conhecidos de maneira organizada ao campo do management.
Será o Investimento Social Privado uma Oportunidade para o Desenvolvimento de Territórios?
Authors: Fonseca Mouana do Socorro Sioufi , Ladeira Rodrigo , Cajazeira Jorge Emanuel Reis
Published: May 2022

O presente artigo versa sobre o tema de Responsabilidade Social Corporativa, tendo em vista os impactos sociais e ambientais proporcionados e as cifras envolvidas pela mesma no Brasil e no mundo. A problemática do estudo é: como as empresas orientam seus investimentos sociais e de que maneira as populações impactadas pelas atividades operacionais são consideradas na tomada de decisão para a aplicação de tais investimentos. Foram considerados dois casos relevantes no cenário brasileiro, sendo eles a Bracell e a Vale. Como metodologia, foi escolhido o estudo de casos múltiplos e foram constatados impactos relevantes e distintos em cada caso. As empresas estudadas neste trabalho vêm planejando seus programas e projetos para atender demandas do território, sempre considerando as comunidades afetadas direta e indiretamente e obtendo resultados importantes. Com base na pesquisa, está sendo desenvolvido um diagnóstico que será a matéria-prima para a construção de uma ferramenta de gestão social, além de uma fonte de informação sobre o território estudado quanto ao seu desenvolvimento socioeconômico e possibilidades de investimentos.
Gestão do Desenvolvimento de Territórios Pós/Pandemia: descortinando impactos das dissertações profissionais no PDGS
Authors: Waiandt Claudiani , Leite Solange Oliveira , Pereira Iago Itã de Almeida , Mezzomo Mayra Ferreira
Published: May 2022

O artigo apresenta as contribuições das pesquisas científicas dos estudantes no âmbito do Mestrado em Desenvolvimento e Gestão Social do Programa de Desenvolvimento e Gestão Social para a resolução de problemas na sociedade pós/pandêmica. O ensaio foi realizado a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica e de campo. Verificou-se que as tecnologias desenvolvidas contribuem para os territórios durante e pós pandemia, trazendo solução para distintos problemas: investimento em propriedades agrícolas arrendantes de terra para instalação de geradores em parques de energia eólica no semiárido baiano, manejo de estresse para servidores públicos da segurança pública e gestão de organizações culturais populares baianas. Cada dissertação apresenta uma tecnologia de Gestão Social que possui impacto regional e possibilidade de replicabilidade em outros territórios. Além disso, foram desenvolvidas a partir da combinação de conhecimentos de diferentes áreas com a colaboração de diferentes atores sociais.
Tecnologias e Sociedade: o papel dos indivíduos na criação de fatos e artefatos
Authors: Lhamas Fernando Antonio de Melo Pereira , Muller Rodrigo
Published: May 2022

Este ensaio propõe integrar a temática da ação do indivíduo sobre a tecnologia no campo da gestão social. Através de uma abordagem conceitual, ancorado sob uma perspectiva multidisciplinar de humanidades digitais, são investigadas quais práticas são aderentes e relevantes para gestores sociais, pesquisadores e estudantes. Busca-se estabelecer uma ponte entre o estudo da tecnologia e sociedade com o papel social dos indivíduos na criação de artefatos e práticas que delimitem o uso de tecnologias que cumpram uma função social.
Frei Servando Teresa de Mier e o exotismo às avessas - o selvagem ilustrado desbrava as terras do Velho Mundo
Authors: Da Cunha Rocha Carolina
Published: May 2022

Este artigo visa a compreensão da realocação de ideários europeus e norteamericanos para o contexto hispano-americano de formação dos estados nacionais independentes, na passagem do século XVIII para o início do século XIX, momento em que as correntes de pensamento do Iluminismo fluíam para o universo colonial, tomando-se por base os trabalhos do frei dominicano mexicano Servando Teresa de Mier (1763-1827). Por ter sido testemunha privilegiada, ao percorrer lugares de onde emanavam as ondas reformistas, como a Europa e os Estados Unidos, e após ter sofrido pena de expatriação por oferecer explicação política ao milagre guadalupano, Mier aparece como típico representante criollo, cujo protagonismo alia conceitos da modernidade ilustrada, com seus ideais racionais e científicos, ao arcabouço cultural e espiritual vivido pelo México colonial. Este trabalho discute o conjunto documental do frei conhecido por Memorias por sua contribuição para a construção do estado mexicano independente, bem como para a formação da identidade nacional, utilizando-se as categorias históricas de memória, identidade e representação para melhor compreensão deste fenômeno. Conclui-se que o ideário elaborado por frei Servando é expoente hispano-americano da corrente intelectual reformista presente na história ocidental do período analisado e fundamental para acompreensão da História das Idéias na Hispano-América.
Reflexões sobre a História de Jacob Burckhardt: Algumas considerações
Authors: Bezerra Agra Filho Luciano
Published: May 2022

Neste artigo, pretende expor, de maneira sucinta, a interpretação do historiador suíço Jacob Burckhardt, em reflexões sobre a História. Cabe ressaltar que ele foi um dos mais importantes historiadores do século XIX. Além disso, Jacob Burckhardt incorporou novos usos e costumes, de absolvendo personagem, culturas e formas de sociabilidade diversas. É preciso destacar ainda que as “três Potências” (Religião, Estado e Cultura) nomeadas por ele como basilares para a compreensão didática do processo histórico. Do que foi exposto até aqui se pode afirmar que ele demonstrou a validade dos seus estudos das crises na História, que representam momentos de verdadeiras revoluções da História mundial.
A reforma judiciária de Nabuco de Araújo e o Manifesto Vassourense (1854-1856)
Authors: Alberto Dias Ferreira Carlos
Published: May 2022

Entre 1854 e 1856, Nabuco de Araújo, então ministro da justiça, apresenta um projeto de reforma judiciária que abalaria as relações de poder da oligarquia cafeeira no Vale do Paraíba do Rio de Janeiro, a qual unida produzirá e encaminhará ao Senado o “Manifesto Vassourense”, documento que será o principal responsável pelo arquivamento do projeto.
Magia: a religião do “outro”
Authors: Santos Silva Francisco
Published: May 2022

Este artigo procura explorar a utilidade da palavra “magia” no contexto do estudo científico da religião e, mais geralmente, no contexto das ciências sociais e humanas. Como tal, é procurado, neste artigo, fazer uma pequena história do uso dotermo, de forma a compreender a sua carga política, social e histórica. Como se verá ao longo do artigo, o termo “magia” tem sido utilizado historicamente quase sempre de forma pejorativa de forma a descrever a “religião dos outros”. Esta carga xenófoba, bem como o facto de aquilo que é descrito como “magia” poder ser facilmente integrável dentro do fenómeno geralmente descrito como religião, leva à conclusão de que o termo “magia” é um termo sem utilidade ética no estudo do fenómeno religioso.
A transcendência imanente no ordenamento social da Idade Média: os limites da dicotomia sagrado e profano
Authors: Miatello André
Published: May 2022

Este texto discute o sentido místico e social que o vocábulo Igreja foi ganhando ao longo dos séculos centrais do período medieval. A compreensão de que a sociedade dos homens possui dupla natureza (divina e temporal) nos leva a admitir que qualquer dicotomia entre as entidades “sagrado” e “profano” é problemática e no mais das vezes enganosa quando se trata de entender o pensamento erudito da Idade Média.
Física y mística: filosofia, magia y religión en la Antigüedad Tardía
Authors: Iván Elvira Sánchez José
Published: May 2022

El propósito del presente artículo es el de elaborar una breve explicación de las diferencias y las similitudes entre las diversas filosofías, místicas, gnosis y clases de magia durante la Antigüedad Tardía, con especial referencia a la filosofía hermética.
"Os verdadeiros constitucionais, amigos do rei e da nação": áulicos, imprensa e soberania no Primeiro Reinado
Authors: Ferreira Marques Júnior Nelson
Published: May 2022

Os áulicos fluminenses constituem-se como um grupo de grande importância no Primeiro Reinado. O artigo analisa de forma superficial as ideias, propostas e a nova linguagem política, que, incorpora no Brasil, e como se configura essa elite intelectualno Primeiro Reinado. Tudo isso dentro de uma cultura política plasmada, com aspectos modernos e, ao mesmo tempo, convivendo com práticas e ideias remanescentes do Antigo Regime. A convivência entre o moderno (luzes portuguesas) e o antigo(mentalidade de Colônia) dava novos conceitos às palavras. É nessa perspectiva, que busco o fio condutor para entender os áulicos. Por fim, chama à atenção a falta de estudos a respeito dos diversos jornais áulicos, que tiveram papel decisivo nalegitimação do governo, contra as facções rivais.
“Voando como um condor”: a Operação Condor segundo John Dinges
Authors: Amato Bruno de Lima Gabriel
Published: May 2022

Resenha do livro DINGES, John. Os Anos do Condor: Uma década de terrorismo internacional no Cone Sul. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2005. 445 p.
"Intensificação cultural”: a persistência da guerra sul-ameríndia no século XVIII
Authors: G. Felippe Guilherme
Published: May 2022

: Os registros jesuíticos são bastante evidentes no que concerne a caracterizar os índios como inconstantes na sua maneira de agir frente aos ensinamentos evangélicos. Isto se deve ao comportamento oscilante que os nativos mantinham orainclinados à convivência com o mundo colonial, ora dissimulados perante as coisas Ocidentais. Neste texto, pretendo analisar a guerra como objeto etnográfico para compreender o contato entre índios platinos e o mundo colonial. Parto da hipótese queesta inconstância era, na realidade, a conduta sul-ameríndia de estabelecer uma interação com o mundo moderno, mantendo-se ligado às práticas e costumes autóctones. Os bens materiais e simbólicos do mundo colonial viriam a intensificar epotencializar a realidade sociológica nativa.
Para ler clássicos: interpretando ideias, universos intelectuais, obras de pensamento, falas de teóricos, conceitos e textos
Authors: L. O. D. Ferreira Ana
Published: May 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar diversas possibilidades interpretativas para o vasto campo de estudo da história da produção intelectual. Para tanto, explora sobretudo reflexões propostas pelos seguintes autores: Lovejoy, Rioux, Lefort, Skinner, Kosellek, LaCapra.
O trabalho da representação da memória social
Authors: M. de Siqueira Neto Moysés
Published: May 2022

Este artigo objetiva a analisar os bens culturais não tombados, através dos conceitos da memória social e idéias do patrimônio cultural, como silêncios das classes subalternas pela história oficial dominante no Brasil para construção de identidades.
Os industriais e autocracia fabril na República Velha
Authors: Miguel Teixeira de Godoy João
Published: May 2022

O artigo analisa as relação de trabalho nas fábricas paulistas no início do séc XX, procurando identificar os elementos e mecanismos de um certo padrão de uso e controle da força de trabalho.
“The Dark Ages of War”: uma análise da obra “The Art of War in the Middle Ages” (1885) do historiador militar britânico Charles Oman
Authors: Costa Prata Rafael
Published: May 2022

Por muito tempo uma historiografia militar tradicional, situada aos fins do século XIX e inicio do século XX, difundira a ideia de que não havia uma planificação tático-estratégica por parte das lideranças militares que ditavam os rumos dos conflitosocorridos no cenário bélico medieval. Tendo isto em vista, este breve artigo objetiva compreender quais os principais fundamentos defendidos por este viés de pensamento, tomando para isso como corpus documental de análise, a obra The Art of War in the Middle Ages (1885) do historiador militar britânico Charles Chadwick Oman, por entender que tal obra nos oferece um sintomático paradigma do pensamento historiográfico de toda uma corrente em questão. Nossa perspectiva está em sintoniacom as novas vertentes de abordagem da temática bélica no Medievo, em especial, as pesquisas conduzidas pelo medievalista Francisco García Fitz, da qual utilizamos para contrapor as ideias defendidas por essa antiga historiografia militar. Assim, o nossoartigo também está direcionado a ilustrar como tem sido efetuada uma benéfica renovação dos estudos direcionados a temática em questão.
Diálogos entre a história cultural e a história da ciência
Authors: Mara Vieira Andréa
Published: May 2022

Resenha sobre o livro CHARTIER, Roger; FAULHABER, Priscila,(Org.) LOPES, José Sérgio Leite (Org.). Autoria e história cultural da ciência. Rio de Janeiro: Azougue, 2012, 124p.
Tradução das Constituições do bispo Don Almoravid del Karte (1297)
Authors: Pereira Lima Marcelo
Published: May 2022

Trata-se de um tradução das Constituições do bispo Don Almoravid del Karte (1297) do castelhano medieval para o português contemporâneo. Inicialmente, faz-se uma introdução, contextualizando o documento e o governo deste bispo.
Single‐Layer Sheets of Alkylammonium Lead Iodide Perovskites with Tunable and Stable Green Emission for White Light‐Emitting Devices
Authors: Wang Chuying , Wang Ya‐Kun , Li Ziliang , Luo Jingwei , Sabatini Randy , Zhang Tao , Sargent Edward H. , Deng Zhengtao
Published: May 2022

Recently, metal halide perovskites have attracted considerable interest as highly emissive phosphors for use in white light‐emitting diodes (WLEDs). In perovskites, the migration of halide anions between green‐emitting bromide (e.g., CsPbBr3) and red‐emitting iodide (e.g., CsPbI3) materials is one obstacle to application. Here perovskite WLEDs that do not suffer from the anion exchange problem are reported: this is done by developing green‐emitting single‐layer sheets of (RNH3)2PbI4 (R = C18H35–, C12H25–, and C8H17–) and uniting these with red‐emitting CsPbI3 perovskite quantum dots (QDs). It relies on self‐assembly from ligand‐capped CsPbI3 nanocrystals to form single‐layer sheets of (C18H35NH3)2PbI4: via judicious selection of alkylamines and alkyl acids, (RNH3)2PbI4 single‐layer sheets that exhibit bright and stable green emission with well‐defined single‐layer thickness are produced. Emission from 505, 512 to 536 nm is tuned and a narrow (<20 nm) linewidth is retained. Perovskite LEDs that produce white light with chromaticity coordinates (0.32, 0.33) and color gamut that reaches 117% National Television System Committee (NTSC) in the International Commission on Illumination (CIE) 1931 color space are demonstrated.
Cis‐Trans Isomerism Inducing Cocrystal Polymorphism with Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence and Two‐Photon Absorption
Authors: Zhang Xiangyu , De Jianbo , Liu Haichao , Liao Qing , Zhang Shi‐Tong , Zhou Changjiang , Fu Hongbing , Yang Bing
Published: May 2022

The cocrystals of 2‐(benzo[d]thiazol‐2‐yl)‐3‐(pyren‐1‐yl)acrylonitrile (Py‐BZTCN) and 1,2,4,5‐tetracyanobenzene (TCNB) are constructed through intermolecular charge‐transfer (CT) interactions between donor and acceptor. Cis‐ and trans‐isomers of Py‐BZTCN induce the formation of two different crystal packing with 1:2 and 1:1 stoichiometric ratios between Py‐BZTCN and TCNB, corresponding to the cocrystals of PCNTC‐O and PCNTC‐R, respectively. PCNTC‐O cocrystal exhibits orange‐yellow normal fluorescence with a CT from pyrene (Py) monomer to TCNB, while PCNTC‐R cocrystal presents red thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) with a CT from Py dimer to TCNB. This photophysical difference originates from that, relative to Py monomer, Py dimer has an elevated energy level of highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), which results in a stronger CT in PCNTC‐R cocrystal. Both cocrystals possess unique two‐photon absorption (TPA) properties, and changing monomer into dimer as a donor in the CT cocrystal effectively alters the supramolecular properties. Noteworthily, PCNTC‐R is a rare case in which TADF and TPA are integrated into a cocrystal, opening up a new supramolecular strategy to explore the multi‐functional materials.
All‐Optical Thermometry with NV and SiV Color Centers in Biocompatible Diamond Microneedles
Authors: Golubewa Lena , Padrez Yaraslau , Malykhin Sergei , Kulahava Tatsiana , Shamova Ekaterina , Timoshchenko Igor , Franckevicius Marius , Selskis Algirdas , Karpicz Renata , Obraztsov Alexander , Svirko Yuri , Kuzhir Polina
Published: May 2022

Monitoring of tiny intracell temperature variations is of high importance to understand the mechanisms of exothermic/endothermic processes inside the living cells. Small shifts in thermal balance may drastically influence cell functioning and induce pathological conditions. By using biocompatible diamond single‐crystal microneedles enriched with nitrogen‐vacancy (NV)/silicon‐vacancy (SiV) color centers, this study demonstrates all‐optical in vitro temperature monitoring in the physiologically significant range (25–55 °C). Zero‐phonon line (ZPL) of SiV centers belonging to the “therapeutic window” is used to improve measurement precision via suppression of the tissue autofluorescence. The simultaneous detection of the NV and SiV fluorescence enables two‐band visualization of the living cells combined with the temperature sensing. This study demonstrates experimentally that temperature can be measured by lifetime, full‐width at half maximum, and peak position of SiV ZPL, while accuracy can be further improved by normalizing the photoluminescence (PL) ZPL peak intensity on the PL signal measured at the wavelength where it is temperature independent. According to performed numerical simulations diamond microneedles enable real‐time temperature measurements because their characteristic heating time is less than 10 ns. The results open a way toward accurate, noninvasive, precise, and real‐time monitoring of temperature variations accompanying intracellular biochemical reactions and processes on the single‐cell level.
Bright Cyan‐Emissive Copper(I)‐Halide Single Crystals for Multi‐Functional Applications
Authors: Wei Jun‐Hua , Yu Yong‐Wei , Luo Jian‐Bin , Zhang Zhi‐Zhong , Kuang Dai‐Bin
Published: May 2022

Anti‐counterfeiting has become a serious issue around the global world; fluorescence‐based tags are praised for the low‐cost and facile decryption process. However, the high‐level anti‐counterfeiting application requires incorporating multifunctional luminescent materials with response to different excitation sources. Herein, a dimeric Cu(I)‐halide‐clusters‐assembled single‐crystal (AEP)2Cu2I6·2I·2H2O (AEP = N‐aminoethylpiperazinium) concerning a high down‐conversion photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) value of near unity is reported (λex = 305 nm), which can also be activated by the near‐infrared light and X‐ray. The ultrafast spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations reveal that the broad‐band emission originates from the recombination of self‐trapped excitons. Remarkably, the high PLQY and excellent attenuation capability for X‐ray confers an outstanding light yield of 55 650 photons MeV−1 to (AEP)2Cu2I6·2I·2H2O, which is 5.25 times higher than the standard bismuth germaniumoxide scintillator. Such multi‐light‐stimulus response endows (AEP)2Cu2I6·2I·2H2O with great application potential in anti‐counterfeiting, solid‐state lighting devices, and digital radiography.
Refractive Index and Abbe Number Tuning via 3D Printable Optical Quality Silica–Titania–Germania Glasses
Authors: Ha Jungmin , Sasan Koroush , Yee Timothy D. , Lange Andrew P. , Nguyen Du T. , Dudukovic Nikola , Dylla-Spears Rebecca
Published: May 2022

The development of optical quality GeO2–TiO2–SiO2 glasses compatible with direct ink writing (DIW) 3D printing is reported in this study. Colloidal GeO2 and TiO2–SiO2 core–shell feedstocks are prepared by a sol–gel method and converted to printable inks for DIW. Printed inks are subsequently densified to glass using heat treatment at temperatures up to 1100 °C in air. A series of print‐compatible glass compositions are prepared, yielding transparent glass with the highest refractive index n = 1.576. Herein, it is shown that more TiO2 can be incorporated into the glass without haziness or scattering through the addition of GeO2. The mechanisms for this are discussed, and it is shown that crystallization persists in these glasses despite the lack of visible light scattering. Finally, the combination of both TiO2 and GeO2 into a ternary glass also is used to independently tune the dispersion properties of the glass, as demonstrated by measured refractive indices and Abbe numbers, which has potential implications for 3D‐printed optics.
Laser Direct Writing of Silver Clusters‐Based Subwavelength Periodic Structures Embedded in Mid‐Infrared Gallo‐Germanate Glass
Authors: Guérineau Théo , Fargues Alexandre , Lapointe Jerome , Vallée Réal , Messaddeq Younès , Canioni Lionel , Petit Yannick , Cardinal Thierry
Published: May 2022

The direct laser writing (DLW) using femtosecond lasers allows for the inscription of 3D microstructures embedded inside optical materials. Based solely on the silver ions photochemistry, the DLW in silver‐containing glasses enables to locally induce inside glasses a unique combination of optical properties. The physical modifications of the material encompass not only a refractive index change, but also new physical properties like fluorescence, second‐ and third‐harmonic generations, and surface plasmon resonance. Numerous efforts are deployed to develop the DLW‐assisted silver photochemistry in phosphate glasses. However, this glass family is suffering from its near‐infrared optical cutoff as opposed to the silver‐doped gallo‐germanate glasses. With an extended mid‐infrared (mid‐IR) transmission, these glasses are synthesized via the melt‐quenching technique. Depending on the glass composition, either a glass matrix‐based single track (Type I) or a silver cluster‐based double track (Type A) of refractive index change is produced. By enabling an order of magnitude smaller structures than with Type I, Type A modification is further expanded to embed, for the first time, periodic structures below the inter‐track spacing. Demonstrated with a pitch down to 400 nm, these Type A–based periodic structures bring new insights through the fabrication of 3D diffractive gratings in mid‐IR glasses.
Suzuki Coupling of Activated Aryltriazenes for Practical Synthesis of Biaryls from Anilines
Authors: Guo Dongsheng , Shi Weijia , Zou Gang
Published: May 2022

Aryltriazenes can hardly take part in productive organic transformations unless stoichiometric Brönsted or Lewis acid activators are used. We report here for the first time a palladium‐catalyzed Suzuki coupling of aryltriazenes activated by a sulfonyl group at N3 atom under the common basic conditions. Benefiting from elimination of stoichiometric acid activators, activated aryltriazenes could efficiently couple with arylboronic acids to afford diaryls in modest to excellent yields by using a simple catalyst at low loading, 0.3 mol% Pd(PPh3)2Cl2. Scope and limitation of the coupling are demonstrated with 26 examples.

magnified image
Exact Analytic Formula for Conductance Predicting a Tunable Sommerfeld–Arrhenius Thermal Transition within a Single‐Step Tunneling Mechanism in Molecular Junctions Subject to Mechanical Stretching
Authors: Bâldea Ioan
Published: May 2022

It is shown that the conductance G of molecular tunnel junctions wherein the charge transport is dominated by a single energy level can be expressed in closed analytic form which is exact and valid at arbitrary temperature T and model parameter values. On this basis, it is shown that the single‐step tunneling mechanism is compatible with a continuous thermal transition from a weakly T‐dependent G at low T (Sommerfeld regime) to a nearly exponential ‐dependent G at high T (Arrhenius‐like regime). This Sommerfeld–Arrhenius transition can be observed in real molecular junctions and can be continuously tuned, for example, via mechanical stretching.
Implementation of Highly Reliable and Energy‐Efficient Nonvolatile In‐Memory Computing using Multistate Domain Wall Spin–Orbit Torque Device
Authors: Lin Huai , Xu Nuo , Wang Di , Liu Long , Zhao Xuefeng , Zhou Yongjian , Luo Xuming , Song Cheng , Yu Guoqiang , Xing Guozhong
Published: May 2022

Emerging in‐memory computing (IMC) technology promises to tackle the memory wall bottleneck in modern systems. Promoted as a promising building block, nonvolatile spin–orbit torque (SOT) memory devices with sub‐ns and sub‐pJ processing capabilities are thereby extensively pursued. Herein, a new type of domain wall device is experimentally presented with multistates driven by nonvolatile SOT and Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction, enabling time and energy‐efficient IMC with a full adder (FA) implementation based on magnetic tunnel junctions. Complementary micromagnetic and device–circuit cosimulation results show that the write/read latency of the proposed FA can be shortened to 1.25 ns/0.22 ns with an averaged writing energy of 8.41 fJ bit−1, and the overall dynamic power is 26.25 μW, which is 4.43–51.96 times lower than state‐of‐the‐art alternatives. Moreover, the developed architecture can perform all 16 Boolean logic functions, warranting an extensive arithmetic operation. The experimental, micromagnetic, and circuit‐level simulation results show great potential in both fundamental research and new trajectories in technology development for nonvolatile in‐memory computing applications.
Thirty years of geometric morphometrics: Achievements, challenges, and the ongoing quest for biological meaningfulness
Authors: Mitteroecker Philipp , Schaefer Katrin
Published: May 2022

The foundations of geometric morphometrics were worked out about 30 years ago and have continually been refined and extended. What has remained as a central thrust and source of debate in the morphometrics community is the shared goal of meaningful biological inference through a tight connection between biological theory, measurement, multivariate biostatistics, and geometry. Here we review the building blocks of modern geometric morphometrics: the representation of organismal geometry by landmarks and semilandmarks, the computation of shape or form variables via superimposition, the visualization of statistical results as actual shapes or forms, the decomposition of shape variation into symmetric and asymmetric components and into different spatial scales, the interpretation of various geometries in shape or form space, and models of the association between shape or form and other variables, such as environmental, genetic, or behavioral data. We focus on recent developments and current methodological challenges, especially those arising from the increasing number of landmarks and semilandmarks, and emphasize the importance of thorough exploratory multivariate analyses rather than single scalar summary statistics. We outline promising directions for further research and for the evaluation of new developments, such as “landmark‐free” approaches. To illustrate these methods, we analyze three‐dimensional human face shape based on data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC).
Your money or your life? Public support for health initiatives during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Tranter Bruce Keith
Published: May 2022

While many Australians agree with the need for COVID‐19 restrictions and lockdowns, a vocal minority of citizens loudly voice opposition to government restrictions, characterised as impositions on ‘free speech’ and impacting the Australian economy. National data from the 2020/21 Australian Survey of Social and Attitudes and Tasmanian survey data enable an examination of those who support or oppose health initiatives aimed at minimising the impact of the pandemic. The majority of Australians believed government imposed restrictions were ‘about right’, although women were more likely than men to be concerned about the health implications of COVID‐19. Tasmanian data show that controlling for social background, those who prioritise the economy are less likely than those concerned about the health implications of COVID‐19 to wear masks in public, less likely to be tested in case they have to self‐isolate, less likely to check in, and less likely to be vaccinated. Alternatively, higher trust in university research, and trust in scientists as a source of information about COVID‐19 was positively associated with attitudes and behaviour designed to reduce the transmission of COVID‐19.
Organometallic gold (III) and platinum (II) complexes with thiosemicarbazone: Structural behavior, anticancer activity, and molecular docking
Authors: Almeida Carolane M. , S. Marcon Pedro H. , Nascimento Érica C. M. , Martins João B. L. , Chagas Marcio A. S. , Fujimori Mahmi , De Marchi Patrícia G. F. , França Eduardo L. , Honorio‐França Adenilda C. , Gatto Claudia C.
Published: May 2022

This study reports the synthesis and characterization of two new organometallic Au (III) and Pt (II) complexes with 2‐acetylthiophene‐N(3)‐methylthiosemicarbazone (HL). The characterization of the compounds was performed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and spectroscopic techniques (Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR), UV–Vis, electrospray ionization (ESI)(+)‐mass spectrometry (MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)). The MS data indicated the presence in the solution of the molecular ion [H2L]+ and characteristic fragmentations of the ligand. The thiosemicarbazone is coordinated to the Au (III) and Pt (II) in tridentate mode through the CNS chelating system. The two metal atoms show a distorted square geometry including chloride ion or triphenylphosphine to complete the coordination sphere. The 3D Hirshfeld surface and the 2D fingerprint results were analyzed quantitatively to verify interactions upon the molecular packing. The biological activity of the free thiosemicarbazone and their complexes have been evaluated against the MCF‐7 human cancer cell line. Molecular docking was used to predict the inhibitory activity of the compounds.
Thermosetting environment‐friendly polyamide adhesives prepared with citric acid and hexanediamine
Authors: Xu Gaoxiang , Zhang Qianyu , Pizzi Antonio , Lei Hong , Xi Xuedong , Du Guanben
Published: May 2022

Thermosetting polyamide resins prepared by reacting citric acid with hexanediamine (CH) were synthesized and used for plywood bonding in this work, and the effects of reaction time, molar ratio of citric acid, and hexanediamine on the bonding performance have been studied. Fourier transform‐infrared (FT‐IR) and liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (LC–MS) were used to determine the structures of the resins. Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), dynamic mechanical properties (DMA), and thermogravimetric analysis (TG) were used to analyze its thermal properties. The results show that amide bonds can be formed by the reaction of carboxyl and amino groups, which acted as reaction raw materials that can undergo further polycondensation to render possible the formation of a cured cross‐linked network, thus to ensure the bonding performance of the adhesives. Meanwhile, CH adhesives presented excellent bonding strength and water resistance above the standard requirements (≥0.7 MPa). In particular, the plywood prepared by CH resin with molar ratio of citric acid to hexanediamine of 1:1.5 and reaction time of 3 h exhibited the best performance, the dry shear strength being as high as 1.96 MPa, 24 h cold water soaking strength of 0.87 MPa, and 3 h hot water (63°C) soaking wet strength attaining 1.24 MPa.
TFA‐Promoted Intermolecular Friedel‐Crafts Alkylation of Arenes with 2,2,2‐Trifluoroethylaryl Sulfoxides
Authors: Deng Zhen , Qiu Liu‐Yan , Pan Wenjie , Qian Baiyu , Chen Jie , Zhang Hui , Chen Qing‐Yun , Cao Weiguo , Tang Xiao‐Jun
Published: May 2022

The classical Pummerer rearrangement of 2,2,2‐trifluoroethylaryl sulfoxide with trifluoracetic anhydride (TFAA) affords the S,O‐acetal efficiently. In the presence of trifluoracetic acid (TFA) as the co‐solvent, the S,O‐acetal can regenerate reactive thionium intermediate of Pummerer rearrangement. When employing arenes as nucleophiles, this strategy produces corresponding 1‐thiyl‐2,2,2‐trifluoroethyl arenes with excellent yields under metal‐free conditions.
On the toroidal‐velocity antidynamo theorem under the presence of nonuniform electric conductivity
Authors: Rüdiger Günther , Schultz Manfred
Published: May 2022

Laminar electrically conducting Couette flows with the hydrodynamically stable quasi‐Keplerian rotation profile and nonuniform conductivity are probed for dynamo instability. In spherical geometry, the equations for the poloidal and the toroidal field components completely decouple, resulting in free decay, regardless of the spatial distribution of the electric conductivity. In cylindrical geometry the poloidal and toroidal components do not decouple, but here also we do not find dynamo excitations for the cases that the electric conductivity only depends on the radius or – much more complex– that it only depends on the azimuthal or the axial coordinate. The transformation of the plane‐flow dynamo model of Busse and Wicht (1992) to cylindrical or spherical geometry therefore fails. It is also shown that even the inclusion of axial flows of both directions doesnotsupport the dynamo mechanism. The Elsasser toroidal‐velocity antidynamo theorem, according to which dynamos without any radial velocity component cannot work, is thus not softened by nonuniform conductivity distributions.
Using Sanitary Survey Findings to Identify Risk Management Challenges
Authors: Heinrich Austin , Renwick Deborah Vacs , Weisman Richard J. , Greene Ashley , Regli Stig , Roland Kevin , Rotert Kenneth
Published: May 2022

Key Takeaways

Sanitary survey data can be broadly evaluated to understand the most prevalent issues occurring within public water systems.

The most commonly identified deficiencies are associated with monitoring and reporting, finished water storage, and treatment.

Reviewing sanitary survey findings and common deficiencies may help officials proactively determine water system infrastructure issues and utility training needs.
The paradoxical role of relationship quality on consumer privacy: Its effects on relinquishing and safeguarding information
Authors: Wanjugu Sabinah , Moulard Julie Guidry , Sinha Mona
Published: May 2022

Consumer privacy has received substantial attention recently due to increased cases of data breaches and other violations that have reduced consumers' confidence in companies. When consumers adopt protective actions to safeguard their privacy, they limit marketers' access to essential consumer information needed for relationship marketing. Strategies to encourage information disclosure have not been explored widely in the literature, nor have consumers' responses to privacy violations. This paper fills this gap by exploring the role of customer‐firm relationship quality (RQ) in consumer privacy. Specifically, the potentially positive role of RQ is examined, as it is proposed to enhance consumers' intentions to disclose information, and, relatedly, to mitigate their propensity to safeguard information. Furthermore, the potentially negative role of RQ is also explored in the context of a privacy violation. Two scenario‐based online experiments were conducted, where RQ and privacy violation were manipulated, and data were analyzed via SEM. The findings demonstrate that a deep consumer‐firm relationship increases intentions to relinquish information and decreases intentions to safeguard information, moderated by the consumer's disposition to value privacy (DVP). However, after a privacy violation, a deep relationship can backfire. Not only do our findings demonstrate that a violation leads to perceptions of betrayal, but the positive effect of betrayal on safeguarding is stronger for those in a deep relationship. Thus, relationship quality has a paradoxical effect: On the one hand, high‐relationship quality promotes relinquishing behaviors, but on the other hand, in case of a privacy violation, high‐relationship quality increases safeguarding behaviors.
Transhepatic balloon mitral valvotomy in mitral stenosis with interrupted inferior vena cava
Authors: Trehan Vijay , Safal  , Gautam Ankur , Bansal Ankit
Published: May 2022

A 38‐year‐old female was found to have severe mitral stenosis, severe pulmonary arterial hypertension with moderate tricuspid regurgitation, dilated right atrium, persistent left superior vena cava, and hugely dilated coronary sinus. The scheduled balloon mitral valvotomy via trans‐femoral approach was abandoned after the venogram revealed the presence of left‐sided inferior vena cava with hemi‐azygos continuation draining into coronary sinus via left‐sided superior vena cava. Balloon mitral valvotomy was attempted from the right trans‐jugular route, but we were unable to puncture the inter‐atrial septum due to the hugely dilated coronary sinus and right atrium. A transhepatic approach was used and balloon mitral valvotomy was successfully done with a standard balloon of 24 mm size without any complication. In patients with inferior vena cava anomalies or interruption, a percutaneous transhepatic approach is a feasible alternative for performing balloon mitral valvotomy.