bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A reused roll or a ‘curious Christian codex’? Reconsidering British Library Papyrus 2053 (P.Oxy. 8.1075 + P.Oxy. 8.1079)
Authors: Charlesworth Scott D.
Published: April 2024

Recently, Brent Nongbri has proposed that British Library Papyrus 2053 came from a codex and not a roll. His primary concern is codicology and he pays no attention to scribal tendencies, including the implications of the palaeographical characteristics of the hand. In a careful reassessment that takes into consideration codicology, palaeography, scribal tendencies, and the physical condition of the papyrus itself, Nongbri’s argument is found to be flawed in a number of ways which speak directly to the possible origins of BL Pap. 2053. All indications are that a third-century Christian used the back of a roll containing Exodus to produce a copy of Revelation for ‘private’ use.
Eric H. Cline, 2014 1177 B.C.: The Year Civilization Collapsed, Turning Points in Ancient History Series, Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, ISBN 9780691140896, xx+264pp, US$20.
Authors: Davey Christopher J.
Published: April 2024

None
Aspects of Christian Burial Practice
Authors: Bowen Gillian E.
Published: April 2024

Few early Christian cemeteries have been excavated in Egypt and consequently insufficient is known of the burial practices adopted by Christians in the late third and fourth centuries. The cemeteries at Ismant el-Kharab, ancient Kellis, in Dakhleh Oasis are an exception. To date, at least 560 graves in a large Christian cemetery have been excavated and their archaeology and the pathology of those interred well recorded. Christians established separate cemeteries from their pagan neighbours and were buried in simple pits aligned on a north-west axis, head to the west and without grave goods. During the 2000 to 2002 field seasons two large pagan mausolea were excavated: North Tombs 1 and 2. The remains of 35 individuals were retrieved from North Tomb 1 and at least 20 could be identified with confidence as Christian. The neighbouring North Tomb 2 preserved the remains of 34 bodies; none exhibited the burial traits that would identify them as Christian. This seemingly anomalous phenomenon of Christian burials in one pagan mausoleum but not its neighbour raised several questions relative to early Christian burial practices. In the 2003/4 field season, excavation was undertaken in a further six mausolea within the North Tomb Group; a major component of the research programme was to determine whether it was common practice for Christians to reuse pagan tombs for the burial of their dead and to consider the implications of the results. The results were conclusive; of the six tombs excavated, Christian burials were confined to North Tomb 1.
The Roman merchant ship sail plan: steering a windward passage.
Authors: Davey Christopher J.
Published: April 2024

Two papers about the introduction of the spritsail during the Roman period in previous editions of Buried History are updated with additional references and hypotheses. A revised interpretation of Problem 7 in the Aristotelian corpus Mekhanika is given but the foregoing proposition that the introduction of spritsails made sailing to windward routine for Roman merchant sailing ships is retained. It is suggested that extremes of wind strength were the main inhibitors of windward sailing because it reduced boat speed, which in turn diminished lateral resistance and increased leeway.
Mummified Child – A Further Investigation
Authors: Craig Pamela J. , Davey Janet
Published: April 2024

An Australian Institute of Archaeology mummified child from the Graeco/Roman Period of ancient Egypt has been re-investigated using Computerised Tomography (CT) scan images loaded into a Vitrea Workstation. The Vitrea Workstation produces volume rendered images and three dimensional (3D) reconstructions from the original CT scan data and allows for a more complete examination of the mummy within the wrappings. Most results from the original report published in this journal have been confirmed, some may have alternate explanations and there are a number of new findings. The child’s injuries are more extensive than fi rst reported and may suggest death due to traumatic injury. The body’s preparation for burial is unusual with the inclusion of supporting panels of an inorganic material.
On this rock I will build my ekklesia: Counter-cultic springs of multiculturalism?
Authors: Judge Edwin
Published: April 2024

What we now mean by ‘religion’ embraces both worship (‘cult’) and an alternative life-style (‘community’). But the two pull in opposite directions. Worship is typically conservative, securing the established order, while an alternative life-style is potentially innovative, challenging it. The ekklesia Jesus was to build expressed this challenge by rejecting formal worship. They used it only as a metaphor for the new life-style. But once that came to dominate the Roman empire, the metaphor was taken literally, with worship (‘cult’) now securing the newly established order. Was there any precedent for this? Only very rarely, and never for long, did ancient cults threaten to produce a new community life. Philosophical schools, like the ekklesiai, often criticised cultic worship, but never produced an ongoing community. The Christian innovation lies behind the cultural dynamism of the West. Multiculturalism stretches this paradox by respecting any traditional worship even though the implied life-style may seem to challenge public values.
Searching for the potters behind the pots: re-examining the Tell Ahmar Neo-Assyrian ceramic assemblage
Authors: Jamieson Andrew
Published: April 2024

Ceramic studies have been crucial to the development of archaeology. This paper is concerned with a re-examination of the pottery, and the potters, of Tell Ahmar (ancient Til Barsib), Syria. It focuses on the ceramics from the Australian excavations in the Middle City (Area C), especially the more than 250,000 items from the 7th-century BCE Neo-Assyrian Stratum 2. The Stratum 2 assemblage was readily grouped into seventeen ware types. The various wares reflect different production systems: some hand-made products were manufactured locally, possibly by individual households; other wares, characterised by high rates of uniformity, were probably produced by large-scale, centralised pottery industries; another ware group exhibits considerable investment in the application of different surface treatments, indicating specific uses. The Area C assemblage provides a rare opportunity to examine a large and relatively complete well-dated corpus. Observations and explanations relating to the technology of preparing, forming, decorating, and firing these ceramic vessels casts light on the circumstances of their manufacture and, in turn, on the potters behind the pots of the Neo-Assyrian Empire.
Comment le Chambon-sur-Lignon s’est souvenu. Histoire d’une mémoire
Authors: Heinich Nathalie
Published: April 2024

Le village du Chambon-sur-Lignon, en Haute-Loire, est mondialement connu pour avoir reçu à titre collectif un diplôme d’honneur de l’institut Yad Vashem en raison du sauvetage d’un grand nombre de juifs pendant l’Occupation. Or, cette histoire a mis longtemps à émerger, dans la mémoire collective et, parallèlement, dans l’historiographie, puisque la première trace d’inscription mémorielle date de la fin des années 1970, et le premier colloque consacré au sujet de 1990. Cette contribution retrace les principales étapes de cette construction croisée de la mémoire et de l’histoire, et tente d’en décrire les obstacles et les difficultés alors même que son objet – un sauvetage massif – ne comporte ni honte ni trauma.
Mémoires autour d’Ousmane Sembène (1923-2007)
Authors: Thiéblemont-Dollet Sylvie
Published: April 2024

Ousmane Sembène, cinéaste sénégalais engagé, devenu au fil du temps une figure essentielle dans l’histoire du colonialisme et du postcolonialisme, représente le symbole du non-oubli de l’histoire de l’Afrique. Par l’usage du cinéma forain dont il est un acteur essentiel, il transmet ce que les Africains, à son sens, doivent connaître de leur passé. Après sa mort en 2007, plusieurs hommages lui sont rendus sur le plan international (articles de presse, émissions télévisées, livres, conférences, projections de ses films, festivals, expositions...). Mais c’est grâce également au documentaire Sembène! The inspiring story of the father of African cinema réalisé par S. Gadjigo et S. Silverman (2015) que sa mémoire et son oeuvre reprennent sens et touchent de plus en plus de personnes. En outre, l’Association Sembène Ousmane, créée à Dakar en 2018, a établi plusieurs projets scientifiques et grand public pour que Sembène, certes, ne soit pas oublié, mais aussi que son oeuvre et le paratexte sembénien qui lui est inhérent soient enfin rassemblés.
Les dits du chêne et du saule : le « palais de mémoire » d’un professeur de contes cinématographiques. Journal météorologique de l’esprit d’une maison de recherche (2009-2019)
Authors: Nosal Claude
Published: April 2024

Ce journal météorologique de l’esprit, par référence au Journal de Henry D. Thoreau est organisé en plusieurs entrées, les « théâtres de mémoire » ou « rushes » en langage cinématographique, schémas concentriques et cités de l’imaginaire mis en scène dans les cycles « Anthropologie et Cinéma. Cinémas du réel et de l’invisible », empilés de telle façon que le lecteur puisse les consulter à sa convenance ou y puiser les éléments de son imaginaire. Cette exploration archéologique des images – qui séduisent, frappent, révèlent et nous asservissent – propose de rendre visite métaphoriquement à ma maison de recherche, à cette zone instable où la notion de temps se dilate à l’infini, où le réel se réduit en termes de possibilités, à un moment où tout peut disparaître, mais où tout est encore là, à portée de vue. Il s’agit d’avancer à reculons pour tenter de reprendre à rebours ces années avec sa sensibilité, ses fragilités, ses envies, ses refus, ses colères, ses chagrins, son discernement. Les mots du poète allemand Hölderlin servent de boussole : « Là où croît le danger croît aussi ce qui sauve ».
Le crime des sœurs Papin : des archives aux discours médiatiques, quelques réflexions sur la violence et le genre
Authors: Garcin-Marrou Isabelle
Published: April 2024

Revenant sur les archives de l’affaire et les discours de presse parus au cours du procès des sœurs Papin (1933), cette contribution analyse les reconstructions d’un crime à laquelle se livrent les instances médicales, judiciaires et médiatiques pour saisir leurs articulations aux rapports de genre et de classe. La composition des archives est ainsi mise en regard avec ce que les médias en retiennent, et la contribution tente de comprendre aussi – au-delà de la violence du geste des sœurs Papin, comment un faisceau de discours – un ordre discursif – a pu parvenir à dénier à deux femmes, deux domestiques, leur humanité.
Tracer sa voix. Une ethnocritique du cycle indochinois de Marguerite Duras
Authors: Kocevar Savannah
Published: April 2024

Cet ouvrage rend compte d’une lecture novatrice de l’œuvre de Marguerite Duras. Il analyse la poétique culturelle à l’œuvre dans les quatre romans du cycle indochinois : Un barrage contre le Pacifique (1950), L’Éden Cinéma (1977), L’Amant (prix Goncourt 1984) et L’Amant de la Chine du Nord (1991) qui suivent un fil narratif inspiré de l’enfance de Marguerite Duras, marqué par la réminiscence des mêmes thèmes et motifs. En croisant l’anthropologie du symbolique et la poétique des textes, Savannah Kocevar interroge l’expression d’une culture plurielle, met en lumière un lien prééminent entre le rite (de passage) et le récit durassien et lit à cette aune originale les trajectoires des personnages, en particulier celui de la « jeune fille ». Plus encore, ce livre montre que ces enjeux initiatiques concernent la narratrice en tant que projection fictionnelle de l’autrice et que le rapport entre, d’une part, l’oralité et le corps, et, d’autre part, la culture écrite, constitue une clé majeure de l’œuvre durassienne et permet de porter un regard inédit non seulement sur cette œuvre mais aussi, plus largement, sur les processus de création, notamment au féminin.
Mujer e identidad en tierras hispanohablantes: Historia y civilización
Authors: Hanicot-Bourdier Sylvie
Published: April 2024

Desde el estudio de la vida de las monjas españolas en la Edad moderna hasta el tratamiento de las mujeres internadas en el hospital psiquiátrico de Málaga a finales del siglo 20, pasando por el relato de la lucha por el reconocimiento de la identidad indígena y el surgimiento de los derechos de la mujer ecuatoriana, la descripción de la pintura de castas peruana del siglo 18 o el análisis de las relaciones sexuales extramatrimoniales (consensuales o no) en la España de la Contrarreforma, este libro colectivo explora las diferentes instancias de socialización: la religión, el mundo del trabajo, los poderes político y judicial, la educación… para elaborar un mosaico esclarecedor de la historia de la identidad femenina personal y colectiva en el mundo hispanohablante.
Mujer y patrimonio. Novias, esposas e hijas a la luz de los convenios matrimoniales de la Vizcaya del siglo 19
Authors: Hanicot-Bourdier Sylvie
Published: April 2024

En esta comunicación, pretendemos concebir las transferencias patrimoniales como reveladores de la condición social y económica de las mujeres. En las sociedades tradicionales europeas, la dote, a la vez que aseguraba la supervivencia de la mujer, representaba, con la herencia, la principal vía de acceso al patrimonio para el sexo femenino. Ya dedicamos una anterior investigación a las sucesiones y actas de última voluntad, razón por la que prestaremos atención en el papel que desempeñaban las esposas, hijas y novias en los acuerdos matrimoniales. Interesarse por las transferencias de bienes que ocasionaba el matrimonio permite entrever los vínculos económicos, pero también los lazos afectivos y las relaciones de poder, que unían a los dos sexos. Dicho de otro modo, asociar identidad femenina, parentesco, autoridad y patrimonio constituye la finalidad de este trabajo. ¿En qué condiciones dos seres decidían unirse ante Dios?, ¿qué papel desempeñaban las esposas y madres en la redacción de un contrato matrimonial?, ¿en qué medida el sexo de los futuros determinaba el valor y contenido de las donaciones nupciales? Estas son las preguntas a las que procuraremos dar una respuesta.
Ainhoa, yo no soy esa (Carolina Astudillo, 2018). Represión moral y control social en democracia
Authors: Alonso Ricouard Sylvie
Published: April 2024

La restauración de la democracia a finales de los 70 dio lugar a una producción cinematográfica que puso de manifiesto los avances y la evolución de la sociedad, en particular en los ámbitos de la familia y la posición de la mujer. Décadas más tarde, el filme de cine experimental de Carolina Astudillo Ainhoa, yo no soy esa viene a matizar el optimismo de los primeros momentos y vuelve a analizar los cambios de las primeras décadas en democracia desde una perspectiva abier- tamente feminista, proponiendo una visión más crítica de los avances sociales.
Género, identidad y locura. Escritos de «mujeres locas» y sus familiares en el Manicomio Provincial de Málaga (1909-1950)
Authors: García-Díaz Celia
Published: April 2024

Los escritos de mujeres internadas en instituciones psiquiátricas constituyen fuentes historiográficas ricas que nos aproximan a las experiencias de internamiento y a la cuestión de la identidad y la subjetividad. En las últimas décadas investigadoras feministas se han ocupado de abordar estas fuentes, si bien es una línea que precisa nuevos marcos teóricos y nuevas aproximaciones para elaborar una historia de la psiquiatría desde abajo y desde la perspectiva de género. Cartas y fragmentos literales de historias clínicas nos permiten reconstruir la visión de las mujeres, que frente a los discursos de la medicina metal del momento o los discursos familiares, solían quedar en un segundo o tercer plano. En este trabajo abordo los contenidos de varias cartas de pacientes internadas en el Manicomio Provincial de Málaga durante la primera mitad del siglo 20, donde se recogen contenidos que nos acercan al problema identitario y subjetivo de estas mujeres.
COVID-19 and malaria co-infection: a systematic review of clinical outcomes in endemic areas
Authors: Mohamed Amal H. , Eltyeb Ebtihal , Said Badria , Eltayeb Raga , Algaissi Abdullah , Hober Didier , Alhazmi Abdulaziz H.
Published: April 2024

Background

COVID-19 and malaria cause significant morbidity and mortality globally. Co-infection of these diseases can worsen their impact on public health. This review aims to synthesize literature on the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 and malaria co-infection to develop effective prevention and treatment strategies.

Methods

A comprehensive literature search was conducted using MeSH terms and keywords from the start of the COVID-19 pandemic to January 2023. The review included original articles on COVID-19 and malaria co-infection, evaluating their methodological quality and certainty of evidence. It was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023393562).

Results

Out of 1,596 screened articles, 19 met the inclusion criteria. These studies involved 2,810 patients, 618 of whom had COVID-19 and malaria co-infection. Plasmodium falciparum and vivax were identified as causative organisms in six studies. Hospital admission ranged from three to 18 days. Nine studies associated co-infection with severe disease, ICU admission, assisted ventilation, and related complications. One study reported 6% ICU admission, and mortality rates of 3%, 9.4%, and 40.4% were observed in four studies. Estimated crude mortality rates were 10.71 and 5.87 per 1,000 person-days for patients with and without concurrent malaria, respectively. Common co-morbidities included Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and respiratory disorders.

Conclusion

Most patients with COVID-19 and malaria co-infection experienced short-term hospitalization and mild to moderate disease severity. However, at presentation, co-morbidities and severe malaria were significantly associated with higher mortality or worse clinical outcomes. These findings emphasize the importance of early detection, prompt treatment, and close monitoring of patients with COVID-19 and malaria co-infection.
Transcriptome analysis during 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide exposure-induced premature ovarian insufficiency in mice
Authors: Li Yi , He Ruifen , Qin Xue , Zhu Qinying , Ma Liangjian , Liang Xiaolei
Published: April 2024

The occupational chemical 4-Vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD) is a reproductively toxic environmental pollutant that causes follicular failure, leading to premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), which significantly impacts a woman’s physical health and fertility. Investigating VCD’s pathogenic mechanisms can offer insights for the prevention of ovarian impairment and the treatment of POI. This study established a mouse model of POI through intraperitoneal injection of VCD into female C57BL/6 mice for 15 days. The results were then compared with those of the control group, including a comparison of phenotypic characteristics and transcriptome differences, at two time points: day 15 and day 30. Through a comprehensive analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), key genes were identified and validated some using RT-PCR. The results revealed significant impacts on sex hormone levels, follicle number, and the estrous cycle in VCD-induced POI mice on both day 15 and day 30. The DEGs and enrichment results obtained on day 15 were not as significant as those obtained on day 30. The results of this study provide a preliminary indication that steroid hormone synthesis, DNA damage repair, and impaired oocyte mitosis are pivotal in VCD-mediated ovarian dysfunction. This dysfunction may have been caused by VCD damage to the primordial follicular pool, impairing follicular development and aggravating ovarian damage over time, making it gradually difficult for the ovaries to perform their normal functions.
Propuesta de un indicador para estudiar la seguridad hídrica en la interfaz doméstica-comunitaria de áreas rurales chilenas
Authors: Nicolas-Artero Chloé , Blanco Gustavo
Published: April 2024

El presente artículo propone un indicador compuesto que permite identificar niveles de seguridad hídrica en la interfaz doméstica-comunitaria. Para ello analiza los procesos hidrosociales que dan origen a situaciones de escasez hídrica vividas por la población rural abastecida mediante organizaciones comunitarias en Chile rural. El indicador se basa en el estudio de caso de diez organizaciones comunitarias seleccionadas para representar la heterogeneidad existente en el país, a cuyos dirigentes se les aplicó entrevistas semiestructuradas en las cuales se realizaron, además, observaciones de campo. Del estudio se desprenden dos principales hallazgos: 1) No existe una correlación entre el tamaño de las organizaciones y los niveles de seguridad hídrica observados; 2) Los casos con mayores dificultades para acceder a recursos en cantidad suficiente no son los que enfrentan una inseguridad hídrica mayor, puesto que las organizaciones compensan esta dificultad con otros componentes.
Relatar la vida para resignificar el territorio. La reconstrucción histórica del barrio Guadalquivir
Authors: López-Montero Rocío , Sianes Antonio
Published: April 2024

Las dinámicas de la globalización han concentrado la pobreza en determinadas zonas del contexto urbano, generando un desafío que debe abordarse desde todas las disciplinas y enfoques. No obstante, las corrientes historiográficas tradicionales no han sido capaces de dar cuenta de la dinámica de las zonas más desfavorecidas de nuestras ciudades. Los métodos biográficos, aunque han sido aplicados para representar colectivos en exclusión, raramente han contemplado cuestiones urbanas relativas a ellos. En este sentido, la presente investigación se sustenta en el proceso de reconstrucción histórica del barrio Guadalquivir en Córdoba, España, a través de los relatos de vida de sus vecinas y vecinos, analizando el discurso biográfico de 28 personas clave. El análisis de los relatos de vida desde una mirada territorial muestra cómo la técnica permite generar procesos de construcción colectiva del conocimiento, así como desarrollar prácticas emancipatorias capaces de resignificar los territorios y transformar los entornos más vulnerables.
Automation proposal applied to Trolleybus current collector
Authors: Bortoloto Evandro Rostirolla , Bizarria Francisco Carlos Parquet , Bizarria José Walter Parquet
Published: April 2024

This work presents the main steps performed in the development of a system proposal to automate the operation of the current collector that is used in trolleybuses, aiming, mainly, to continuously monitor the contact with the overhead electric wire and also to provide the coordinated movement of collection in situations of circuit disconnection, in order to reduce the incident of collisions between the collector and the mechanical structure of this wire. These improvements are aimed at contributing to the quality of the public transport service, a factor that corroborates the expansion of new routes of mass public transport that use renewable sources of energy, replacing the traditional vehicles powered by combustion with fossil fuel. The method employed and the details contained in this proposal allow the use of an expressive o part of the traditional design of the current collector, being suggested the substitution of parts, adequacy of the mechanical structure related to the fixation points of the components, installation of sensor elements, actuating elements, and programmable controller with dedicated algorithm for this application. The positive results observed in the computational evaluations of the electronic and pneumatic circuit, which are managed by a dedicated control algorithm for these systems, suggest that the resources and components proposed in this work when effectively integrated in trolleybuses will be able to meet the purposes for which they are intended.
Correlation of Morphological Traits with Milk Production in Murrah Buffaloes
Authors: Sahu Subhasish , Arya Anjali , Kar Dipankar , Sarangi Archana
Published: April 2024

The current investigation aimed to assess the correlation between morphometric characteristics and production performance in Murrah buffaloes, recognized as the premier milch breed globally. A cohort of 100 lactating Murrah buffaloes in their first to third lactation cycles was selected from the Buffalo Farm at Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Science, Hisar. The study focused on five traits: 305 days of lactation yield, muzzle width, brisket width, hip width, and skin thinness. Statistical analysis was conducted using Pearson's correlation method. The findings revealed negative correlations between lactation yield and the morphometric traits of muzzle width, brisket width, and hip width. Conversely, a positive correlation was observed between lactation yield and skin thinness. This study provides valuable insights for selecting dairy Murrah buffaloes that exhibit optimal production under field conditions, as these identified traits can be considered pivotal factors in the decision-making process for buffalo selection in dairy production systems.
Natural Gas Consumption and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from Selected African Countries
Authors: Nteegah Alwell , Briggs David Theophilus
Published: April 2024

This study investigated the impact of natural gas consumption by the industrial sector, residential/households and transport sector on economic growth of selected countries in Africa (Algeria, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Ghana, Nigeria and Tunisia) over the period 1990 – 2021. In order to achieve this objective, data on growth rate of gross domestic product (RGDP), total natural gas consumption, industrial gas consumption, residential gas consumption and natural gas consumed by the transport sector of the selected countries were sourced from the World Bank Development Indicators and International Energy Agency (IEA) and analyzed using panel Autoregressive Distributed lagged (ARDL) method. The results of our analysis show that: Total natural gas consumed has negative and significant impact on economic growth in the long run but positive and significant effect on economic growth of the selected countries in the short run. Industrial gas consumption has positive and significant impact on economic growth of the selected countries both in the short and long run. Residential gas consumption has positive and significant impact on economic growth in the long run but negative and insignificant effect on economic growth in the short run. Natural gas consumed by the transport sector has positive but insignificant effect on economic growth of the selected countries over the period under study. The impact of natural gas consumption on economic growth for all the countries under study does not vary. That a long run relationship exists between natural gas consumption and economic growth among the countries been investigated. Based on these findings, the study recommended that governments of African countries under investigation should encourage natural gas consumption in the industrial, transport and households by building gas infrastructure and investment in the oil and gas sector in order to stimulate economic in the sub region.
Accessibility, Quality, and Significance of Education for Educationally Deprived Children
Authors: Yadav Sanjay Kumar , Vashishtha U. C.
Published: April 2024

Raising a society's socioeconomic status is a crucial function of Education. A large part of India's urban poor live in slums and lack access to formal schooling. For various reasons, many slum children (those between 6 and 14) do not attend school. Children from low-income families living in slums are the target population, and this Study aims to examine the variables that affect their access to and satisfaction with educational opportunities. Opportunities, access, and equality in local Education are the foci of this research. Accessibility, the role of teachers and parents, the physical environment, essential elements, and the importance of Education were among the main characteristics gathered by this tool. Frequency analysis and the chi-square test examined various variables and their potential correlations with educational attitudes. It is crucial to investigate if the educational opportunities, equity, and access provided to children in slums have any positive results. A significant discovery emphasizes the vital role of parents. Parents influence their children's opinions on the value of Education by their example. According to the report, parents should be empowered via awareness programs and support structures. Despite the importance of expanding access, the Study shows that more is needed to provide access; quality must also be improved. Because of this, funding for schools, their resources, and specific programs to educate teachers are all urgently needed.
A Comparative Study of Junior High School Mathematics Textbooks between People's Education Press Version and Gyeonggi Province Department of Education Version: The Case of Similar Triangles
Authors: Jiaxuan Huang , Lan Xie , Zhengyuan Xie , Yang Wen , Zhongyan Shen , Lixia Ye
Published: April 2024

Similar triangles of junior high school mathematics textbooks from Chinese People's Education Press Version and Korean Gyeonggi Province Department of Education Version were selected for the study. The methods of literature study, content analysis and comparative study were utilized to compare the content of similar triangles in the two sets of textbooks from different aspects and dimensions. In the end, the study found that the People's Education Press Version was more complete in depth and breadth, but lacked interest, and the Gyeonggi Province Department of Education Version used the context well, but the knowledge content was relatively shallow.
Factorization Algorithm for Semi-primes and the Cryptanalysis of Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA) Cryptography
Authors: Omollo Richard , Okoth Arnold
Published: April 2024

This paper introduces a new factoring algorithm called Anorld’s Factorization Algorithm that utilizes semi-prime numbers and their implications for the cryptanalysis of the Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA) cryptosystem. While using the concepts of number theory and algorithmic design, we advance a novel approach that notably enhances the efficiency of factoring large semi-prime numbers compared to other algorithms that have been developed earlier. In our approach, we propose a three-step algorithm that factorizes relatively large semi-primes in polynomial time. We have introduced factorization up to 12-digit semi-prime using Wolfram|Alpha, a mathematical software suitable for exploring polynomials. Additionally, we have discussed the implications of the new algorithm for the security of RSA-based cryptosystems. In conclusion, our research work emphasizes the important role of factoring algorithms in the cryptanalysis of RSA cryptosystems and proposes a novel approach that bolsters the efficiency and effectiveness of semi-prime factorization, thereby informing the development of more powerful cryptographic protocols.
Diagnosis and Current Treatment Strategies for Adult and Juvenile Hereditary Hemochromatosis
Authors: Tyler Tori , Wiggins-McDaniel Amber , McBroom Staton , Parry Caroline , Tyler Robert , White Robert A.
Published: April 2024

Hemochromatosis is a common genetic disorder manifesting as an iron overload state requiring complex processes in diagnosis, treatment, and management of both adult, and pediatric, populations. This review outlines general diagnostic and treatment strategies for hemochromatosis detailing fundamental processes in iron excess, or iron overload, through physiologic function and associated pathological effects. Genetic mutations, as ascribed to hemochromatosis, have significant impact in producing pathophysiology. Understanding basic pathophysiological mechanisms can inform future diagnosis and treatment through advances such as erythrocytophoresis. Linking concepts related to the diagnosis, treatment, and management of adult and juvenile hereditary hemochromatosis with scientific advances may enlighten clinical medicine and future hemochromatosis therapy.
Review on Nanotechnology in Organic Fertilizers: A Sustainable Agricultural Revolution
Authors: Yedoti Venkateswarlu , Supraja N. , Chadipiralla Kiranmai
Published: April 2024

Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising frontier in agriculture, offering innovative solutions to enhance the efficiency and sustainability of organic fertilizers. Organic farming practices, known for their environmental benefits and reduced chemical inputs, often face challenges in nutrient delivery and crop yield optimization. The global agricultural industry faces increasing challenges in feeding a growing population while minimizing environmental impacts. In this context, nanotechnology has emerged as a transformative tool in the development of organic fertilizers. This abstract provides a concise overview of the application of nanotechnology in organic fertilizers, highlighting its potential to revolutionize sustainable agriculture. However, the utilization of nanotechnology in organic fertilizers also raises concerns regarding potential environmental and health risks associated with nanoparticles. Careful research, regulation, and risk assessment before approval of any nanotechnology-based agri-product. This includes evaluating the toxicity of the nanomaterials used, the potential for environmental release, and the impact on human health are essential to ensure the safe and responsible application of nanomaterial’s in agriculture.
Mathematical Modeling of Diarrhea with Vaccination and Treatment Factors
Authors: AL Olutimo , FA Williams , MO Adeyemi , JR Akewushola
Published: April 2024

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Cultivating Resilience: Exploring Root Systems in Hydroponic Agriculture
Authors: Shivani . , Kaur Jasmeen , Sharma Pallavi , Shubham . , Kaushal Shilpa
Published: April 2024

Hydroponic cultivation has emerged as a promising solution to address the challenges of conventional agriculture by offering efficient resource utilization and enhanced crop yields. At the core of this innovative farming technique lies the intricate relationship between plant roots and their surrounding environment. The success of hydroponic systems hinges upon the establishment of robust root systems, which serve as the anchors of growth in soilless mediums.  Roots in hydroponic systems exhibit distinctive characteristics compared to those in traditional soil-based cultivation, with adaptations tailored to optimize nutrient uptake and water absorption in the absence of soil. Understanding these adaptations is crucial for maximizing the potential of hydroponic farming and overcoming limitations inherent in conventional agriculture. Additionally, various strategies for optimizing root performance within hydroponic systems are examined. Nutrient management techniques, such as nutrient film technique (NFT) and drip irrigation, play a vital role in ensuring adequate nutrient supply to support healthy root growth and overall plant development. Manipulation of root zone environments, including pH and oxygen levels, further enhances root function and nutrient uptake efficiency. These strategies contribute to the establishment of robust root systems capable of sustaining high levels of crop productivity in hydroponic environments. By shedding light on the significance of robust roots as the anchors of growth in hydroponic systems, this paper aims to inspire further exploration and innovation in sustainable agriculture practices, ultimately contributing to food security and environmental stewardship. Through a synthesis of current research findings, practical insights are provided to guide future advancements in hydroponic farming, fostering a more resilient and sustainable food production system.
Backbone Diversity Analysis in Catalyst Design
Authors: Maldonado Ana G. , Hageman Jos A. , Mastroianni Sergio , Rothenberg Gadi
Published: February 2009

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We present a computer‐based heuristic framework for designing libraries of homogeneous catalysts. In this approach, a set of given bidentate ligand‐metal complexes is disassembled into key substructures (“building blocks”). These include metal atoms, ligating groups, backbone groups, and residue groups. The computer then rearranges these building blocks into a new library of virtual catalysts. We then tackle the practical problem of choosing a diverse subset of catalysts from this library for actual synthesis and testing. This is not trivial, since ‘catalyst diversity’ itself is a vague concept. Thus, we first define and quantify this diversity as the difference between key structural parameters (descriptors) of the catalysts, for the specific reaction at hand. Subsequently, we propose a method for choosing diverse sets of catalysts based on catalyst backbone selection, using weighted D‐optimal design. The computer selects catalysts with different backbones, where the difference is measured as a distance in the descriptors space. We show that choosing such a D‐optimal subset of backbones gives more diversity than a simple random sampling. The results are demonstrated experimentally in the nickel‐catalysed hydrocyanation of 3‐pentenenitrile to adiponitrile. Finally, the connection between backbone diversity and catalyst diversity, and the implications towards in silico catalysis design are discussed.
Performance features of Pt/BaO lean NOx trap with hydrogen as reductant
Authors: Clayton Robert D. , Harold Michael P. , Balakotaiah Vemuri
Published: February 2009

The performance of a model Pt/BaO/Al2O3 monolith catalyst was studied using H2 as the reductant. The dependence of product selectivities on operating parameters is reported, including the durations of regeneration and storage times, feed composition and temperature, and monolith temperature. The data are explained in terms of a phenomenological model factoring in the transport, kinetic, and spatio‐temporal effects. The Pt/BaO catalyst exhibits high cycle‐averaged NOx conversion above 100°C, generating a mixture of N2 and byproducts NH3 and N2O. The cycle‐averaged NOx conversion exhibits a maximum at about 300°C corresponding to the NOx storage maximum. The N2 selectivity exhibits a maximum at a somewhat higher temperature, at which point the NH3 selectivity exhibits a minimum. This trend conveys the intermediate role of NH3 in reacting with stored NOx. Both N2 and N2O are also formed during the storage steps from the oxidation of NHx species produced during the regeneration. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2009
Nanoparticle‐Enhanced Fluorescence Imaging of Latent Fingerprints Reveals Drug Abuse
Authors: Wolfbeis Otto S.
Published: February 2009

No sweat! The sweat in a latent fingerprint (LFP) can contain orally ingested drugs and their metabolites. In a new method for drug detection, primary antibodies(Abs) against drug metabolites are conjugated to magnetic nanoparticles (NPs). The LFP is incubated with the NPs, excess particles removed, and the LFP treated with a fluorescently labeled secondary antibody. Fluorescence imaging then allows characterization.

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Giant Pores in a Chromium 2,6‐Naphthalenedicarboxylate Open‐Framework Structure with MIL‐101 Topology
Authors: Sonnauer Andreas , Hoffmann Frank , Fröba Michael , Kienle Lorenz , Duppel Viola , Thommes Matthias , Serre Christian , Férey Gérard , Stock Norbert
Published: February 2009

Large, larger, …︁ Replacement of 1,4‐benzenedicarboxylate by 2,6‐naphthalenedicarboxylate in the MIL‐101 structure leads to an isoreticular mesoporous framework containing cages with diameters of 39 and 46 Å. High‐throughput methods are employed to determine appropriate reaction conditions. The microcrystalline compound is characterized by molecular simulation techniques, powder X‐ray diffraction, N2‐sorption, and TEM investigations.

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Intermolecular Methoxycarbonylation of Terminal Alkynes Catalyzed by Palladium(II) Bis(oxazoline) Complexes
Authors: Kato Keisuke , Motodate Satoshi , Mochida Tomoyuki , Kobayashi Takuya , Akita Hiroyuki
Published: February 2009

Boxing clever: Direct conversion of a terminal alkyne group into a β‐methoxyacrylate is realized with the aid of the bis(oxazoline) ligand (box). Acetyl and ketal protecting groups, free hydroxy groups, and acid‐sensitive glycosidic bonds are not affected under the reaction conditions. The one‐pot synthesis of (±)‐dihydrokawain from the homopropargyl alcohol is also achieved. tfa=trifluoroacetate

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Düsseldorfer Deckel – eine elegante Baugrubenaussteifung
Authors: Coßmann Rudolf , Hartmann‐Linden Ralf , Maurischat Udo , Veith Norbert
Published: February 2009

Eine Deckelbauweise für tiefe Baugruben mit einer Schlitzwandumschließung ist ein seit Jahrzehnten erprobtes Bauverfahren. Bei der Baugrube für das Bürohochhaus Sky Office in Düsseldorf mit 4 Untergeschossen wurde anstelle einer Rückverankerung mit Temporärankern eine Deckelbauweise ausgeführt, wobei die Gesamtfläche der Deckelöffnungen mehr als 50% der Deckenfläche betrug. Durch frühzeitige Einbindung aller am Bau Beteiligter und durch den bereits in der Planungsphase festgelegten Einsatz der Beobachtungsmethode während der Bauausführung konnte eine sichere und wirtschaftliche Bauweise realisiert werden (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Zu Verformungsverhalten und Rissgefährdung einer mineralischen Abdichtung im Deponiebau – infolge gekoppelter zyklischer hydraulischer und mechanischer Beanspruchung
Authors: Schanz Tom
Published: February 2009

Das Verformungsverhalten einer mineralischen Abdichtung unter Umwelteinflüssen ist ein wichtiges Forschungsthema mit dem Schwerpunkt teilgesättigter Böden im Deponiebau. In Abhängigkeit von der kritische Saugspannung führen Setzungen zusammen mit Quellen und Schwinden des Bodens zu Rissen; andererseits können Initialrisse durch mechanische Kompression in solchen Bereichen geschlossen werden. In diesem Beitrag werden in Form von Feldmessungen die Auswirkungen von Schwellen und Schrumpfen auf eine verdichtete polymerverbesserte Bentonit‐Sand‐Mischung dargestellt. Zwei Methoden zur Beschreibung des Verformungsverhaltens von mineralischen Abdichtungen im Deponiebau unter gekoppelter hydraulisch‐mechanischer Beanspruchung werden vorgeschlagen, die exemplarisch auf das Testfeld einer mineralischen Abdichtung angewendet und verglichen werden (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Vascular engineering using human embryonic stem cells
Authors: Hanjaya‐Putra Donny , Gerecht Sharon
Published: February 2009

Engineering vascularized tissue constructs remains a major problem in regenerative medicine. The formation of such a microvasculature—like the vasculogenesis in early embryogenesis that it closely resembles—is guided by biochemical and biophysical cues, such as growth factors, extracellular matrix proteins, hypoxia, and hydrodynamic shear. As they undergo spontaneous and directed vascular differentiation, human embryonic stem cells can be used as a model system to explore central issues in engineering vascularized tissue constructs and, potentially, to elucidate vasculogenic and angiogenic mechanisms involved in such vascular diseases as limb and cardiac ischemia. Because the conventional spontaneous differentiation approach can only isolate small quantities of vascular cells, recent efforts have sought to develop controlled approaches, including the development of three‐dimensional scaffolds to reengineer the microenvironments of early embryogenesis. This review focuses on emerging approaches to deriving and directing vasculatures from human embryonic stem cells and efforts to engineer 3D vasculatures from such derivatives. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2009
Mass spectrometric analysis of innovator, counterfeit, and follow‐on recombinant human growth hormone
Authors: Jiang Haitao , Wu Shiaw‐Lin , Karger Barry L. , Hancock William S.
Published: February 2009

We have performed a detailed characterization of recombinant human growth hormone that included the identification of the entire sequence with disulfide linkages as well as subtle modifications by a sensitive liquid chromatography coupled online with tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS) approach using the accurate peptide mass (FTICR MS) and sequence assignment (MS/MS measurement). The extent of oxidation, deamidation, and chain cleavages were measured by the ratio of peak areas of the nonmodified peptide vs. the sum of peak area of the nonmodified and modified peptides in the same LC‐MS analysis. The subtle but distinct differences were found in the recombinant human growth from the three manufacturers (the follow‐on, counterfeit, and the original innovator products). In relative comparison, the follow‐on product had the highest degree of oxidation at methionine residues, followed by the counterfeit product, and the original innovator product had the least amount of oxidation at all three sites with the similar oxidation order. In cases, the oxidation order was Met14 > Met125 > Met170. In contrast, the follow‐on had the least amount of deamidation at aspargine (Asn149), and the counterfeit had the highest degree of deamidation at this site. For the chain cleavage, the follow‐on product had the highest cleavage occurring at T 10 peptide (between Asn99 and Ser100), the counterfeit had the highest cleavage on T4 peptide, (between Glu30 and Phe31), and the original innovator product with the least amount of cleavages on both sites. These subtle but distinct differences are likely because of nonidentical manufacturing, formulation procedures, and storage conditions. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2009
Particle‐Based Synthesis of Peptide Arrays
Authors: Breitling Frank , Felgenhauer Thomas , Nesterov Alexander , Lindenstruth Volker , Stadler Volker , Bischoff F. Ralf
Published: February 2009

High‐density peptide arrays with solid amino acid particles: Intermittent “freezing” of activated amino acid derivatives within solid particles allows a laser printer or a chip to spatially address these “postal packages”. Subsequent parallel coupling is started simply by melting a whole layer of 20 different amino acid particles, freeing the hitherto immobilized amino acids and resulting in the coupling of all 20 different amino acids to the support in a single coupling step.

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Lithographic methods allow for the combinatorial synthesis of >50 000 oligonucleotides per cm2, and this has revolutionized the field of genomics. High‐density peptide arrays promise to advance the field of proteomics in a similar way, but currently lag behind. This is mainly due to the monomer‐by‐monomer repeated consecutive coupling of 20 different amino acids associated with lithography, which adds up to an excessive number of coupling cycles. Combinatorial synthesis based on electrically charged solid amino acid particles resolves this problem. A color laser printer or a chip addresses the different charged particles consecutively to a solid support, where, when completed, the whole layer of solid amino acid particles is melted at once. This frees hitherto immobilized amino acids to couple all 20 different amino acids to the support in one single coupling reaction. The method should allow for the translation of entire genomes into sets of overlapping peptides to be used in proteome research.