bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Critical Thinking Ability: Analysis of Flat Mirror Reflection Material
Authors: Purwanti Erda , Heldalia Heldalia
Published: June 2023

Research Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze students' critical thinking skills in the reflection material on plane mirrors. The instrument used in this research is a matter of critical thinking skills Methodology: This type of research uses qualitative and quantitative research. With a sample of 84 students. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 23 program to obtain the mean, mode, median, maximum and minimum. Main Findings: Based on the results of this study, students' critical thinking skills are still low. Because students are less enthusiastic in the learning process, students also do not respond optimally to these problems, the student's concept understanding factor is still low, causing misconceptions. Novelty/Original Research: The novelty in this study is in the form of an analysis of students' critical thinking skills in the material of plane mirror reflection.
ANALYSIS OF THE FOUR ACCOUNTS OF CONTENT CREATORS USING TIKTOK APPLICATION AS TEACHING ENGLISH MEDIA
Authors: Listiyowati Eka , Nurjanah Nurjanah , Dwiastuty Nina
Published: June 2023

TikTok is an application from China launched in 2016. There are a lot of content creators using TikTok as media to share teaching issues This study aimed at analyzing the presentation of English teaching of four TikTok accounts. This study used qualitative method in the object observation and combined data collection that emphasizes meaning in generalization.  Results of this study showed that the four accounts namely Belajar Bahasa Inggris, Aaron’s English, Jago Bahasa, and Kampung Inggris had their own uniqueness in their teaching-English contents. Of 248 videos uploaded by Belajar Bahasa Inggris account, 50% are about word difference. Of 462 videos uploaded by Aaron’s English account, 33% are about word difference. Of 961 videos uploaded by Jago Bahasa account, 36% are discussion about colloquial English. Of 676 videos uploaded by Kampung Inggris account, 35% are discussions about jokes in English. There were similarities and differences in their topic selections such as pronunciation and word difference It was advisable that TikTok users who want to learn English should be able to accurately choose the topics suiting to their interests and needs.
Kontribusi History Kesultanan Buton Abad 19 Bagi Pendidikan Karakter Generasi Muda Kota Baubau
Authors: Yusnan Muhammad , Intan Ode Muhamad Nur , Muhammad Risky Mullah , Asrita  , Lestari Bayu
Published: June 2023

Character education in Baubau City has not benefited the current young generation. Thus, the younger generation can use past lessons to strengthen education in the present. The aim of this research is to find out the contribution of the history of the 19th century Buton sultanate to the character education of the young generation of Baubau City. The research method is qualitative research, namely research that does not use numerical calculations and describes the facts found in the field in a structured and systematic way. The main data collection techniques in this study are observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The results of the study show that 1) The contribution of the 19th century Sultanate of Buton to character education for the younger generation regarding ethical values ​​in society is very important and can bring great benefits to individuals and society as a whole, 2) Sultan Muhammad Idrus Kaimudin's strong contribution in strengthening the values ​​of honesty in society, and 3) Sultan Muhammad Idrus Kaimudin's contribution regarding the value of education in society is very large because education does not only provide knowledge, but also forms the character, attitudes, and values ​​needed in social life.
EFFECTIVE METHODS TO TEACH INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION TO UZBEK STUDENTS
Authors:   Dr. Prof., Department Of Theory And Practice Of Foreign Language Teaching, Kazan Federal University, Russia, Solnyshkina Marina I. , Qizi Parmonova Nasiba Amriddin ,   Teacher, Department Of Foreign Languages, Jizzakh Branch Of The National University Of Uzbekistan
Published: June 2023

This scientific article explores effective teaching methods for enhancing intercultural communication skills among Uzbek students. It emphasizes the importance of cultural sensitivity, understanding diversity, and developing effective communication skills in an increasingly globalized world. The article provides a comprehensive analysis of theoretical frameworks, practical strategies, and innovative activities that educators can employ to foster intercultural competence in Uzbek students
METHODS OF MEANING TRANSFER IN GERMAN AND UZBEK PAREMIOLOGICAL UNITS
Authors:   Basic Doctoral Student, National University Of Uzbekistan, Komolova Shahnozakhan Adkhamovna
Published: June 2023

Each language’s paremiological system is a component of the linguistic picture of its language community. The paremiological units used in our language are derived from specific formulations. In addition to semantics, they possess cadence and melody. Determining the linguistic status of these speech patterns reveals their stylistic diversity. Each unit of paremiology possesses unique functional characteristics.
EXPERIENCE OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES REGARDING THE CIVIL LEGAL REGULATION OF COMPULSORY PROFESSIONAL LIABILITY INSURANCE
Authors:   Independent Researcher Tashkent State Law University Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Palvanov Izzat T.
Published: June 2023

The modern approach to determining liability assumes responsibility for damage caused by a specialist to any third party. Thus, the Law "On Protection of Consumer Rights" provides for the recognition of the right to claim compensation for the damage caused by each injured consumer, regardless of whether or not he has a contractual relationship with the manufacturer (executor, seller). Such a right shall be preserved during the specified period of service (validity period), if no such period is specified - within 10 years from the date of production of goods (acceptance of work, services). The contractor is not responsible for the defects in the work performed or the services provided, if he can prove that they were caused by the consumer's fault or force majeure.
STYLISTIC MEANS OF ARTISTIC SPEECH
Authors:   Samarkand State Institute Of Foreign Languages Senior Teacher Of The Department Of English Philology, Uzbekistan, Marupova Aziza Axtamovna
Published: June 2023

This article deals with the stylistic means of artistic speech and its translation. Some basic notions from prominent scholars are given according stylistic devices and provide examples basing on the topic.
PRINCIPLES AND STRATEGIES FOR SIMULTANEOUS INTERPRETERS
Authors:   Department Of English Language Translation Theory UZSWLU, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Kizi Tilovova Shakhlo Bakhtiyor , Khamidov Alisher ,   Scientific Advisor, Senior Teacher Of English Language Translation Theory Department Of UZSWLU, Uzbekistan
Published: June 2023

Nowadays, there is an increasing demand for simultaneous interpreting in the world. This paper introduces the definition and the process of simultaneous interpreting. And then, it proposes the general principles and techniques for simultaneous interpreting, and provides practical self-training methods.
METHODOLOGICAL TYPOLOGY OF LEXICAL MATERIAL
Authors:   Karakalpak State University, Uzbekistan, A. Taekeeva , K. Sadatdinova ,   Student Of The Faculty Of Foreign Languages, Guide Accompaniment And Theory Of Translation, Uzbekistan
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this article is to consider the place and specifics of lexical skills, appeal to the lexical side of the language, define vocabulary, as it is known, this is the main building material of the language. Unlike grammar, which reflects the relationship between classes of words, and always generalizes, vocabulary individualizes the utterance, gives it a specific meaning.
OCCURRENCE OF DEICTIC WORDS IN CHILDREN'S SPEECH
Authors:   Doctor Of Philology, Professor, Tashkent State University Of Uzbek Language And Literature Named After Alisher Navoi, Uzbekistan, Abdujabbarovna Kurbanova Munavvara
Published: June 2023

The article is devoted to the linguo-pragmatic interpretation of the lexicon of children's speech, in which the research level of the problem in world and Uzbek linguistics is noted. The role of kinship terms, nicknames, dialectal words, somatism, dysphemism, and occasionalisms as a unit of reference in the speech of Uzbek children is highlighted. The reasons for the occurrence of the phenomenon of deixis during ontogenesis are explained, and the importance of extralinguistic factors in this process is explained.
RISK ASSESSMENT OF THE INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEM AND THE APPLICATION OF AUDITING PROCEDURES IN AUDIT OF ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS
Authors:   PhD, docent, Tashkent Financial Institute department of “Audit”, Uzbekistan, Khalmurzayevna Yuldasheva Saodat , Nuritdinovich Fayziyev Shakhobiddin ,   PhD, docent, Tashkent Financial Institute department of “Audit”, Uzbekistan, Karimovich Shayakubov Shakabil ,   PhD, docent, Tashkent Financial Institute department of “economic analysis”, Uzbekistan
Published: June 2023

This article deals with risk assessment and internal control of environmental costs in the industry. Recommendations for improving the procedure for an environmental audit conducted at the stage of substantive and final stage of the audit.
REFLEKSI TERHADAP PENJAJAHAN BANGSA BARAT DAN PERJUANGAN KEMERDEKAAN NEGARA-NEGARA ISLAM
Authors: Hutagaluh Oskar , Syukur Syamzan , Susmihara Susmihara
Published: June 2023

This research sets out the problems faced by Muslims. So great was the struggle of Muslims in fighting for Islam, but this could not be achieved by Muslims because the three major Islamic empires experienced decline in various fields, such as politics, military, economics, science, and culture. This study aims to reflect on western colonization in Islamic countries and then explore the positive side. This study applies a qualitative method. The approach used is the historical approach. Based on this research, it was revealed that the decline that occurred in the Islamic world was caused by the Islamic kingdoms no longer having militant rulers and tough militaries, resulting in rebellions that were difficult to control. Meanwhile, the progress experienced by Western nations was due to developments made in the fields of science and civilization, which were previously neglected during the advancement of the three great Islamic empires, especially the Ottoman Empire. The value of reflection from this research is that Muslims will return to glory if they are able to master all lines, be they military, science, culture, economics, politics, or other strategic fields.
El principio de legalidad y la discrecionalidad administrativa en la administración pública
Authors: Escala Stella María
Published: June 2023

El derecho administrativo es el conjunto de normas jurídicas que rigen la organización, atribuciones y funciones de las instituciones públicas, cuyas actividades van destinadas a lograr el bienestar social de los ciudadanos.  El derecho administrativo no solo se concentra en la relación jurídica de la Administración Pública con los ciudadanos, sino también incluye las normas reguladoras de los servicios públicos.

La Administración Pública es el conjunto de dependencias estatales cuyas actividades están encaminadas a satisfacer necesidades públicas, sin embargo, para evitar arbitrariedades o abusos en la Administración Pública por quienes ostentan el poder, es indispensable que sus actuaciones se desarrollen sobre la base del principio de legalidad como una regla fundamental del Estado de Derecho.

El principio de legalidad garantiza que todas las actuaciones de la Administración Pública queden sometidas al derecho y sean controladas por el Poder Judicial a través de la Sala Tercera de la Corte Suprema de Justicia, que ejerce el control de la legalidad en relación con los actos administrativos y debe velar por una tutela judicial efectiva que proteja los derechos de los ciudadanos.

Luego de abordar el principio de legalidad, surge el tema de la discrecionalidad administrativa que se traduce en la razonabilidad que deben ejercer los funcionarios conforme a sus competencias, para resolver situaciones cuyas particularidades no están contempladas en la normativa, y que requieren de una atención inmediata.

Nuestra sociedad evoluciona, pero la normativa no necesariamente va al mismo ritmo, por tanto, la discrecionalidad administrativa es el núcleo de la problemática del derecho administrativo, sin embargo, dicha discrecionalidad en función de la Administración Pública no se limita a la aplicación automática de las leyes, sino a su finalidad esencial que es satisfacer las necesidades públicas.

El poder discrecional aparece como un margen de arbitrio de las instituciones públicas, que representa una oportunidad de dictar un acto administrativo por razones de interés público, lo que está siempre sujeto al control judicial, a fin de garantizar la protección de los derechos fundamentales.

Frente a la discrecionalidad administrativa juega un rol importante la motivación de los actos administrativos, en el que se debe dejar plasmado la competencia conforme a la ley, los antecedentes, objeto y causa de hecho y de derecho, que sustente en la medida de lo posible la justificación racional del acto administrativo en apego a las funciones que tiene la Administración Pública.
Review on Thermal Energy Audit of Pyro-Processing Unit of a Cement Plant
Authors: Moses Irekefe A.
Published: June 2023

Energy consumption in cement factories is an important issue for the government as well as private organizations. The cement manufacturing industrial sector has become the worldwide energy consumer accounting for over 40% of overall energy consumption by the industrial sub-sector. Most of the thermal energy consumption by a cement manufacturing plant occurs in the Pyro-processing unit. Thus, the energy audit of the cement plant is an essential exercise to promote energy retrofitting measures. The aim of the energy audit is to reduce energy consumption in the plant, reduce energy costs and identify possible Energy Conservation and Management Opportunities (ECMOs). The aim of this study was to review the techniques of energy auditing which include Mass (Material) balance and Energy balance by considering energy conservation in the form of thermal energy that helps to fill the gap in energy efficiency improvement, policy development, and environmental analysis. Using the operational data of Kiln system of Messobo Cement obtained from the literature, the heat losses were quantified for major energy consuming components of the system using both the mass and thermal energy balance approach. The production line's capacity for clinker was 145.4 tons per hour, and both burners received a combined 25 tons of coal per hour. Energy balance tests were conducted in all areas of the pyro processing systems, and the findings revealed significant energy losses from the surface of the kiln systems, kiln exhaust, and cooler exhaust.
Brand Community Ritual Events as a Tool of Custom Culture Reproduction and Marketing
Authors: LATIF Nashrudin , SUHARIYANTO Suhariyanto , SHOIMAH Siti
Published: June 2023

The original concept of internal marketing focused on providing internal products (jobs) to meet the needs of vital internal markets (employees) as well as meeting organizational needs. The marketing field still lacks knowledge on how to create and sustain internal marketing missions and goals, such as the formation of a collective mind, the alignment between employees and organizational goals, and the emergence of a positive place culture; the purpose of this study is to explore how brand community activities and internal marketing are ideally executed as a form of playing out marketing activities in expressing custom cultural reproduction. This study conducts a qualitative study of the annual routine birthday celebrations of a custom cultural community. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, supplemented by community documents and field observations. The findings of this study reveal that the success of the event is well managed to reproduce voluntary custom culture by emphasizing local wisdom norms, values and beliefs based on community event objectives. The implication for managing brand community events with the aim of building a custom community culture is more emphasis is placed on the symbolism of the sales promotion aspect of an event and providing custom community activists experience in managing a brand community event. This study shows that external marketing in managing events can create internal marketing strengths in carrying out marketing practices with local wisdom nuances.
Nous avons tourné le dos à la décentralisation !
Authors: Carrieu Guy
Published: June 2023

Établi sur le principe logique et limpide du « qui paye décide », le dispositif de décentralisation de l’action administrative a tout juste 40 ans. Les ddass furent les premiers grands services de l’État à vivre cette évolution et les départements eurent à organiser un outil d’évaluation des besoins et de planification des moyens dans les nombreux domaines d’action sociale qui leur étaient transférés. Pourtant, la clarté de répartition des compétences n’empêcha pas l’intervention d’autres collectivités dans différents secteurs, qui conduisit rapidement le législateur à définir une fonction de chef de file afin de garantir la cohérence des fonctionnements. Après une période faste qui vit naître de nombreuses initiatives locales appuyées sur le droit à l’expérimentation, une évolution moins favorable se fit jour, marquée par des contraintes budgétaires plus fortes – un effet ciseau – et un retour en force de l’État, transformant progressivement les départements en opérateurs de politiques nationales d’action sociale. Cet enchevêtrement de compétences nuit à la compréhension mais surtout à l’efficacité d’un système qui se voulait être simple et responsable.
Les Carsat dans l’écosystème sanitaire et social français
Authors: Savio Mikael , Capo Canellas Jean-François
Published: June 2023

Il est intéressant d’analyser la problématique de l’enchevêtrement des administrations sociales par le prisme des caisses d’assurance retraite et de santé au travail (Carsat), situées au niveau régional. Leurs missions et leur pilotage relèvent de trois branches du régime général. Ces missions s’inscrivent pour la plupart d’entre elles, et plus particulièrement pour l’action sociale retraite, dans un écosystème complexe : coordination avec les autres régimes de retraite ; coordination avec les collectivités locales et notamment les conseils départementaux ; partenariats avec les autres acteurs, institutionnels ou non, qui peuvent intervenir sur le champ de la prévention de la perte d’autonomie. La mise en œuvre des politiques extralégales des caisses de retraite en faveur de la prévention de la perte d’autonomie nécessite, pour être efficace et répondre aux besoins des publics, de rechercher des complémentarités avec les autres acteurs et de veiller à ce que l’accès à l’offre de service soit toujours plus simple.
Temporal convolution attention model for sepsis clinical assistant diagnosis prediction
Authors: Li Yong , Wang Yang
Published: June 2023

Sepsis is an organ failure disease caused by an infection acquired in an intensive care unit (ICU), which leads to a high mortality rate. Developing intelligent monitoring and early warning systems for sepsis is a key research area in the field of smart healthcare. Early and accurate identification of patients at high risk of sepsis can help doctors make the best clinical decisions and reduce the mortality rate of patients with sepsis. However, the scientific understanding of sepsis remains inadequate, leading to slow progress in sepsis research. With the accumulation of electronic medical records (EMRs) in hospitals, data mining technologies that can identify patient risk patterns from the vast amount of sepsis-related EMRs and the development of smart surveillance and early warning models show promise in reducing mortality. Based on the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care Ⅲ, a massive dataset of ICU EMRs published by MIT and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, we propose a Temporal Convolution Attention Model for Sepsis Clinical Assistant Diagnosis Prediction (TCASP) to predict the incidence of sepsis infection in ICU patients. First, sepsis patient data is extracted from the EMRs. Then, the incidence of sepsis is predicted based on various physiological features of sepsis patients in the ICU. Finally, the TCASP model is utilized to predict the time of the first sepsis infection in ICU patients. The experiments show that the proposed model achieves an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) score of 86.9% (an improvement of 6.4% ) and an area under the precision-recall curve (AUPRC) score of 63.9% (an improvement of 3.9% ) compared to five state-of-the-art models.
Construction of cardiovascular information extraction corpus based on electronic medical records
Authors: Chang Hongyang , Zan Hongying , Zhang Shuai , Zhao Bingfei , Zhang Kunli
Published: June 2023

Cardiovascular disease has a significant impact on both society and patients, making it necessary to conduct knowledge-based research such as research that utilizes knowledge graphs and automated question answering. However, the existing research on corpus construction for cardiovascular disease is relatively limited, which has hindered further knowledge-based research on this disease. Electronic medical records contain patient data that span the entire diagnosis and treatment process and include a large amount of reliable medical information. Therefore, we collected electronic medical record data related to cardiovascular disease, combined the data with relevant work experience and developed a standard for labeling cardiovascular electronic medical record entities and entity relations. By building a sentence-level labeling result dictionary through the use of a rule-based semi-automatic method, a cardiovascular electronic medical record entity and entity relationship labeling corpus (CVDEMRC) was constructed. The CVDEMRC contains 7691 entities and 11,185 entity relation triples, and the results of consistency examination were 93.51% and 84.02% for entities and entity-relationship annotations, respectively, demonstrating good consistency results. The CVDEMRC constructed in this study is expected to provide a database for information extraction research related to cardiovascular diseases.
Nova ocorrência de Crinoidea no Pensilvaniano da Formação Itaituba, Pedreira Caltarém, norte da Bacia do Amazonas
Authors: Silva Yasmim Araújo , Oliveira Geize Carolinne Correia Andrade , Oliveira Rick Souza de , Scheffler Sandro Marcelo
Published: June 2023

Crinoidea from the Pennsylvanian deposits of the Itaituba Formation, Northern Amazonas Basin. The Itaituba Formation comprises part of the marine section of the Tapajós Group in the Amazonas Basin. This unit mainly comprises Pennsylvanian carbonate deposits associated with various marine invertebrate fossils. In this work, we present new records of crinoids in the Itaituba Formation in the Caltarém quarry, north platform of the Amazonas Basin. There are described and taxonomically identified, two genera of crinoids, through the study of columnals and pluricolumnals, in addition to the interpretation of the depositional environment through the analysis of carbonate microfacies. The identified specimens correspond to the species Cyclocaudex aff. typicus Moore & Jeffords, and to the genus Pentaridica Moore & Jeffords (first record in the Itaituba Formation). The textural, compositional, and paleontological analysis suggests four standard microfacies MPF 09, 10, 16, 23) and two faciological zones (ZF 7 E 8). The bioturbated bioclastic wackestones (MFP 09) and bioclastic wackestones/packstones (MFP 10) microfacies, with fossils of brachiopods, crinoids, echinoids, miliolid and fusulinid foraminifera, trilobites, and bryozoans, characterize an interior shelf environment, with a connection to an open marine circulation (ZF 7). The peloidal wackestones (MFP 16) and mudstones (MFP 23) microfacies, with a fossiliferous assemblage limited to brachiopods, echinoids and miliolid foraminifera, characterize a restricted lagoon environment (ZF 8). Paleontological data and microfacies analysis indicate the development of a lagoon environment with a diverse paleofauna of marine invertebrates in the carbonate platform of the northern bord of the Amazonas Basin, in the Monte Alegre County, during the Pennsylvanian. Keywords: taxonomy, echinoderms, microfacies, paleoenvironment, Pennsylvanian.
18F-Labeled Fluoro-2-Deoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography Findings in a Case of Atypical Presentation of Adult Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma
Authors: Krishna Sarin , Ravina Mudalsha , Kashyap Yashwant , Dasgupta Subhajit , Kote Rutuja
Published: June 2023

Adult cutaneous T-cell lymphoma is an uncommon malignancy with poor prognosis and is usually seen in association with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1. We present the case of a 25-year-old female who gave a history of extensive whole-body polypoidal cutaneous and bilateral orbital and breast swellings. Biopsy was suggestive of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and the patient was evaluated with 18F-labeled fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography and computed tomography for initial staging of the disease.
A Rare Presentation of Tuberculosis in Transplanted Kidney on Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography with Computed Tomography Scan
Authors: Rathore Hemant , Thaker Nirav
Published: June 2023

Tuberculosis (TB) is currently the world’s leading cause of infectious mortality. Infective complications are common after renal transplantation. TB is one of the leading infections following renal transplantation; however, TB affecting the transplanted kidney is a rare presentation. Reactivation of the Mycobacterium
tuberculosis is the most common mode of infection. The use of immunosuppressive agents such as cyclosporin, azathioprine, and steroids advance the onset of TB to an earlier date which most often presents as a fever or pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO). The use of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography with computed tomography (18F-FDG-PET/CT) scan images of the whole body and provides the metabolic map of the infection as well as also helps in its radiological localization and characterization and selecting the most appropriate site of the biopsy. Currently, the combined FDG-PET/CT scan modality is the investigation of the choice of physicians for the diagnosis of PUO. Not only the diagnosis but 18F-FDG-PET/CT is also very valuable in assessing early disease response to therapy, and plays an important role in cases where conventional microbiological methods are unavailable for monitoring response to the therapy in cases of pulmonary, extrapulmonary, or multidrug resistant TB.
Spatial Recognition
Authors: Vijayaraghavan R. L. , Koilraj S. , Kanakaraj Eileen Cynthia
Published: June 2023

Purpose:

The performance ability of position logic circuitry of gamma-camera to superimpose the X–Y gains obtained from different pulse height analyzers is multiple window spatial registration (MWSR). This study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of dual-tracer method using 99mTc and 131I to assess MWSR.

Materials and Methods:

The procedure was carried out on a dual-head gamma-camera with rectangular NaI (Tl) crystal using a point source containing 99mTc pertechnetate and 131I-NaI. Pixel coordinates, full width at half-maximum of point spread function at 364 keV and 140 keV, and pixels with maximum count of images for dual detectors were analyzed and compared.

Results:

The experiment demonstrated an excellent correlation between the X and Y coordinates identified on 364 keV and 140 keV images (Spearman’s coefficient of rank correlation: 0.9, P < 0.0001). Intraclass correlation of studies performed on two separate occasions showed a good correlation (k = 0.87) demonstrating the reproducibility of the procedure.

Conclusion:

Dual-tracer method for evaluation of MWSR is a reproducible, accurate, and logical alternative to the routine National Electrical Manufacturers Association procedure.
Small Chyle Leak Localized on Lymphoscintigraphy with Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography–Computed Tomography
Authors: Singh Parneet , Parida Girish Kumar , Emerson Ralph , Kumar Pramit , Agrawal Kanhaiyalal
Published: June 2023

Chylothorax refers to the accumulation of triglyceride-rich fluid (chyle) within the pleural space. We described a case of spontaneous chylothorax in an infant. Lymphoscintigraphy was performed with 99 m-Tc sulfur colloid which showed tracer accumulation into thoracic cavity, and single-photon emission computed tomography/CT (SPECT/CT) revealed leak in the thoracic duct at D8 vertebral level as the cause. We, thus, emphasize the role of lymphoscintigraphy with SPECT/CT in identification of cause and guiding the management of chylothorax, especially when surgical treatment is planned.
A Rare Case of Asymmetric Progressive Supra Nuclear Palsy Diagnosed In vivo with Magnetic Resonance/Positron Emission Tomography
Authors: Sitani Keerti , Mangalore Sandhya , Kamble Nitish , Pal Pramod Kumar , Holla Vikram Venkayappa
Published: June 2023

PSP and CBD are usually multi system sporadic disorders characterized by tau inclusions in neurons and glia. The clinical and neuroimaging features are different .However in some cases overlapping of features are noted. Here we present a case of a 65 years old female patient, presenting a 3 years history of insidious onset of asymmetric right upper and lower limb dystonia, followed by slowness, falls and injuries to the back, Parkinsonism, urinary incontinence and cognitive dysfunction and upward gaze palsy. MRI findings were suggestive of moderate cerebral and cerebellar atrophy with prominent ventricular system, reduced antero-posterior midline midbrain diameter, at the level of superior colliculus on axial imaging (morning glory sign was positive) on the left side. PET showed asymmetric hypo metabolism noted in the left superior and middle frontal gyrus, superior temporal and mid temporal gyrus in addition to striatum and thalamus, as well as midbrain, pons and right cerebellar hemisphere. Overall MR/PET was suggestive of unilateral PSP (left) and it corroborated with clinical history of unilateral dystonia and supranuclear gaze palsy. Based on MRI the differential considered was also CBD, but PET showed metabolic activity in the motor cortex. Additionally based on the hummingbird sign and morning glory sign a rare diagnosis of unilateral PSP could be made which also corroborated with the clinical picture.The case report emphasizes the utility of PETMRI simultaneously in situations like these to pick atypical variants or cases with overlapping pathology to reach a diagnosis with in vivo imaging methods.
Combining Immunotherapy with Transarterial Radioembolization
Authors: Balaban Genc Zeynep Ceren , Soydemır Efe , Ersoy Seval Ay , Ones Tunc
Published: June 2023

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a high mortality rate due to the diagnosis of patients at advanced stages and ineffective systemic therapies. Immunotherapy is considered a new treatment option for unresectable HCC alternatives to the limitations of conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy. In this case report, we reported that transarterial radioembolization and immunotherapy such as atezolizumab and bevacizumab can be used together in a manner effectively in the management of HCC treatment.
18-F Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in a Rare Case of Post-COVID-19 Mucormycosis of Femur
Authors: Malipedda Suneel Kumar , Sudhakar Pushpalatha , Thangella Likitha , Vorem Dinesh , Sattaru Padmavathi
Published: June 2023

COVID-19 disease was spread rapidly on a global scale. Corticosteroids were believed to reduce the inflammatory lung injury, however, its side effects include increased secondary infections, immunomodulation, and manifestation of latent diabetes mellitus. The incidence of mucormycosis infection was high in post COVID-19-infected patients. Mucormycosis of femur in patients of post-COVID-19 infection was extremely rare and not yet reported. We report a case of COVID-19 recovered patient with mucormycosis of right distal femur, who underwent 18Ffluorodeoxyglucose (18FFDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for additional sites of disease. This case highlights potential of 18FFDG PET/CT in the management of mucormycosis.
Nerve Root Metastasis of Breast Carcinoma Detected by Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Scan
Authors: Norouzi Ghazal , Adinehpour Zohreh , Rezaei Alireza , Vali Reza
Published: June 2023

A 35-year-old woman with history of breast cancer was referred to our department for restaging by F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scan. Aside from multiple other FDG-avid metastatic lesions, a segmental increased FDG uptake was visualized along the asymmetrically thicker left first sacral nerve root, highly concerning for metastatic disease, which was confirmed by the subsequently performed magnetic resonance imaging. Our case highlights the capability of FDG PET/CT scan in the correct diagnosis of the extremely rare phenomenon of nerve root metastasis as well as the importance of differentiating FDG-avid lumbosacral nerve roots from adjacent skeletal metastases.
The Utility of Tc-99m Hydroxydiphosphonate Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography/Computed Tomography in Symptomatic Kohler’s Disease
Authors: AlYaqout Wasen , AlHumaidi Ghada , AlOwaid Khadija
Published: June 2023

Kohler’s disease (KD) is a rare disorder of the foot in children where there is avascular necrosis of the navicular bone (NB). It presents with pain and limping and is often misdiagnosed as an infection. However, by adding single-photon emission computed tomography-computed tomography (SPECT-CT) of the foot, the lesion is localized to the NB, leading to the diagnosis of KD. We report the case of a 6-year-old boy with limping and foot pain, who underwent a bone scan using Tc-99m hydroxydiphosphonate and SPECT-CT of the feet. SPECT-CT was necessary not only to localize the exact site of the pathology in an area with small bones but also to confidently reach the diagnosis of KD and proceed with the correct management plan.
A Rare Case of Thyroid Cartilage Metastases Detected on 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography
Authors: Verma Shashwat , Singh Man Mohan , Deswal Satyawati , Kakkar Lavish
Published: June 2023

The thyroid cartilage metastatic involvement is an extremely rare entity. It can be asymptomatic at the earlier stage and can become symptomatic later on. Involvement of thyroid cartilage is frequent in melanoma and renal and rarely reported in an advanced stage of carcinoma prostate, breast, and lung. These cases were usually reported on positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) as can often easily be missed on computed tomography scan alone. We present a case report of metastatic involvement of thyroid cartilage in squamous cell carcinoma of buccal mucosa detected on the whole-body 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT.
Primary Neuroendocrine Tumor of Prostate in a Case of Metastatic Adenocarcinoma of Lung
Authors: Dev Indraja D. , Puranik Ameya D. , Sahay Ayushi , Purandare Nilendu C. , Agrawal Archi , Shah Sneha , Rangarajan Venkatesh
Published: June 2023

Neuroendocrine tumor (NET) of the prostate is an extremely rare entity which represents <1% of the prostatic cancers, but with increasing incidence. Its spectrum encompasses several histological variants ranging from well-differentiated tumor which are often indolent in nature; to aggressive neuroendocrine carcinoma which portends aggressive management. Hence, such rare entities are to be characterized and treated accordingly. We report an unusual case of well-differentiated NET of prostate which was flagged on fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography computed tomography (PET/CT) performed for other indication and confirmed on Gallium-68 DOTANOC PET/CT. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry confirmed the findings subsequently.
Fluorine 18-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Cardiac Viability Risk Stratification in Comparison with EuroSCORE II for Revascularization in Patients with Left Ventricular Dysfunction
Authors: Thangamuthu Brithika Yoganayaki , Elangovan Indirani , Asra Patel , Simon Shelley , Sathyamoorthy Immaneni
Published: June 2023

Background:

Diagnostic value of fluorine 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F18-FDG PET/CT) in the assessment of myocardial viable segments is well known; hence, it can identify patients with left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction who may benefit from revascularization. The presence of significant myocardial viable segments before revascularization will offer better prognosis with reduced mortality and morbidity. However, the usage of F18-FDG PET/CT myocardial viability study in the presurgical risk stratification is limited.

Objective:

The objective of the study is to predict perioperative mortality with hibernating viable myocardial (HVM) segments established by F18-FDG PET/CT in comparison with EuroSCORE II in patients with LV dysfunction undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective, observational study included 75 patients of chronic ischemic coronary artery disease with ejection fraction ≤40%. Tc-99m sesta-methoxyisobutylisonitrile myocardial perfusion single photon emission CT/CT and myocardial viability with F18-FDG PET/CT at rest were performed. Mortality risk stratification was done according to the EuroSCORE II. Patients were followed for post-coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) 30-day mortality. Mortality observed by HVM segment groups were compared with EuroSCORE II predicted mortality.

Results:

Receiver operating curve for 30-day mortality prediction with HVM segments and EuroSCORE II was constructed. It showed that a cutoff of <4 HVM segments (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.7) had a sensitivity of 85%, whereas EuroSCORE II (AUC = 0.4) had only 28.6% sensitivity. EuroSCORE II underestimated perioperative risk in patients with <4 viable segments, that is 5 times higher risk was observed in patients with <4 viable segments.

Conclusions:

HVM segments established by F18-FDG PET/CT had independently predicted mortality postoperatively. Hence, including F18-FDG PET/CT for viability assessment along with EuroSCORE II in preoperative risk assessment for revascularization by CABG in patients with LV dysfunction provided better risk stratification.
F-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Muscle Uptake in Antiglutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibody-positive Stiff-person Syndrome
Authors: Kamaleshwaran Koramadai Karuppusamy , Ramkumar Elumalai , Senthilkumar Elumalai
Published: June 2023

Antiglutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (anti-GAD65) autoantibodies have been identified in variety of rare neurologic disorders most frequently in stiff-person syndrome (SPS), condition characterized by muscle rigidity and overlying painful spasms, typically affecting axial and limb musculature. In anti-GAD65-related neurologic disorder, malignancy screening is often performed with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT). Here, we present an interesting image of 18FFDG PET/CT whole body showing muscle uptake and FDG brain showing thalamic hypometabolism in SPS.
Factors Associated with Breakfast Skipping and Its Attitude among Undergraduate Students of King Khalid University
Authors: Alhazmi Amani Hamad
Published: June 2023

Background:

Breakfast is one of the essential meals needed for normal growth. Skipping breakfast can cause poor concentration, fatigue, irritability, obesity, and high blood pressure, in university students. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with skipping breakfast and its attitude among university students.

Methodology:

This cross-sectional study was conducted using a sample of 368 students. The sample was selected by a simple random sampling technique. A web-based, self-administered, electronic questionnaire was used to collect the data.

Results:

Breakfast skipping was found in 62.4% of the participants. The most common reasons for breakfast skipping included not getting up early, not feeling hungry in the morning, and the burden of learning. The most common types of food consumed by the study subjects were juices, eggs, and cheese. A statistically significant negative relationship was found between breakfast skipping and students' overall breakfast attitudes as well as between skipping breakfast and the Cumulative Grade Point Average of the studied participants. However, there is a statistically significant positive relationship between breakfast skipping, body mass index, and the time of early morning awakening of the respondents.

Conclusion:

The results of this study indicate that breakfast skipping was prevalent among students and their overall attitudes toward breakfast were neutral. Raising public awareness about the importance of breakfast and its impact on academic achievement by organizing and executing nutritional programs, particularly for the university students is required.
Career Development Counseling
Authors: Alamri Ahmad M.
Published: June 2023

Background:

Health sciences students are exposed to a wide variety of specialties. Their experiences influenced their desire to pursue advanced health science degrees. Many factors influence health science students' career choices, affecting many elements of health care delivery. To highlight academic programs, semesters, and colleges that require career development guidance; analysis of students' knowledge of career development and post-graduation possibilities, and their academic program satisfaction will help health science students in obtaining jobs and contribute to economic development. Health science students should focus on career development to overcome difficulties and improve job prospects after graduation.

Methodology:

The study included a convenient sample of health college students from King Khalid University in Asir province. Colleges were used for a single-stage cross-sectional study. Data were analysed in three categories: first, the demographic information. Second, the students' current perception of their program, and in the third section, they were asked to predict future career opportunities. To analyse data and understand the impact of career development counselling, Microsoft Power BI Desktop was used to create coherent, graphically immersive reports and chi-squared tests to see if the future perspective is affected by demographic and current perspectives variables.

Results and Conclusions:

The study revealed that most college participants desire to implement a CDC program. Those who have completed half of their college program chose CDC. Second-year college students start to worry about their future professions and seek CDC for more serious guidance and job exploration. Overall, increasing undergraduate students' awareness of professional development appears to be an efficient way to provide career education while still in college.
Knowledge and Attitudes of Makkah Government Female School Teachers regarding Emergency Management of Dental Trauma – a Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Alshareef Njood T. , Nazer Tariq S. , Altowairqi Wala'a A. , Fouad Walid A. , Manjunatha Bhari Sharanesha , Alzahrani Ali M. , Marghalani Abdulla A.
Published: June 2023

Background:

Children dental trauma is a significant oral health issue worldwide; accidents involving falls in school are extremely common; they are the main etiological factor of traumatic tooth injury. Children around the age of 8–11 years are the most affected with these injuries.

Aim:

The purpose of the study is to assess the level of knowledge and attitude of Makkah government female school teachers regarding the emergency management of dental trauma.

Materials and Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study where participants were 378 teachers of 6–12 years old children in primary schools who were randomly selected from primary public schools in Makkah city and were invited to fill in a self-administered questionnaire. Teachers' knowledge was assessed using their answers on the appropriate action in given imaginary cases; their personal profile information was also obtained from the questionnaire.

Results:

A total of 378 female teachers participated in the study. Of these, 35.7% had first aid training and 6.3% had dental emergency training. However, teachers' knowledge of dental emergencies was severely lacking. The relation between teachers' knowledge and their age, educational level, years of experience, first aid training, dental emergency training, and the number of emergency dental cases experienced was tested; however, the results found no significant difference.

Conclusions:

This study concluded that female primary school teachers in Makkah were drastically lacking knowledge in dental trauma management. Accordingly, awareness programs focused on how teachers at primary school understand the basic management of emergency dental trauma is needed.
Incidence of Root Canal Treatment after Orthognathic Surgery Cases
Authors: Abumelha Abdulaziz Saad
Published: June 2023

Background:

Success in modern orthognathic surgery is based on the close association between the oral maxillofacial surgeon and the orthodontist during various phases of the treatment, starting from the preoperative treatment planning to obtain the ideal occlusion. Orthodontic and endodontic treatments are commonly studied. Although studies revealed that orthodontic treatment could cause an impact on endodontically treated teeth, and vice versa, to date, no study has been conducted revealing the incidence of root canal treatment (RCT) in patients who underwent orthognathic surgery. Thus, the present study was conducted to evaluate the incidence of root canal therapy among patients subjected to orthognathic surgery.

Materials and Methods:

The present retrospective study was done on 814 patients who underwent orthodontic treatment. The clinical and radiographic records were assessed for all patients, and evidence of RCT was calculated. The data were obtained about gender, type of teeth involved, and diagnosis of the condition.

Results:

Out of those 57 patients who underwent orthognathic surgery in the past 5 years, 11 (1.35%) had undergone RCT, with the mean age being 21.72 years. A statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) was found between both genders in diagnosis. A maximum of 27.27% of cases subjected to RCT were left maxillary first premolar, followed by right maxillary first premolar, and right maxillary first molar, with a statistically insignificant difference (P > 0.05) between both genders to the type of tooth involved.

Conclusion:

A significant rate of prevalence of RCT was observed among the patients undergoing orthognathic surgery (19.29%), mainly involving premolars. Males showed a higher incidence of RCT in the left mandibular molar, whereas in females, first maxillary premolars were mainly involved among patients subjected to orthognathic surgery. Thus, there is a need to evaluate patients for the requirement of RCT after orthognathic surgery.