bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan, Motivasi dan Disiplin Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan di PT. Matahari Jaya Internasional
Authors:   Universitas Brawijaya, Oktaviana Revanda
Published: February 2022

Jumlah karyawan yang melakukan absen sebesar 5% dari jumlah karyawan yang ada di divisi produksi. Hal ini dapat mengakibatkan penurunan di kinerja karyawan sehingga perlu dilakukan pengukuran kinerja karyawan di PT. MJI. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan, motivasi dan disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan di PT. Matahari Jaya Internasional. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah metode statistik deskriptif kuantitatif dengan alat analisis SEM-PLS. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kinerja karyawan sudah cukup baik. Sementara untuk hasil analisis menggunakan alat SEM-PLS menunjukkan bahwa variabel gaya kepemimpinan, motivasi dan disiplin kerja memiliki pengaruh signifikan positif terhadap kinerja karyawan.
Komparasi Produksi dan Pendapatan Usahatani Jagung Hibrida dan Non Hibrida di Kecamatan Tempurejo Kabupaten Jember
Authors:   Program Studi Agribisnis Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jember, Febrianti Rania , Kusmiati Ati
Published: February 2022

Jagung merupakan salah satu komoditas pertanian unggulan di Kabupaten Jember dimana sentra produksinya berada di Desa Sidodadi Kecamatan Tempurejo. Usahatani jagung yang dilakukan petani di Desa Sidodadi terdiri dari dua jenis yakni usahatani jagung hibrida dan non hibrida. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui : (1) faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pengambilan keputusan petani untuk menggunakan benih jagung hibrida, (2) perbedaan produksi dan pendapatan usahatani jagung hibrida dan non hibrida, serta (3) faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pendapatan usahatani jagung. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi logistik, analisis uji beda rata-rata (Independent sample t-test) dan regresi linear berganda. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa (1) faktor yang berpengaruh nyata terhadap pengambilan keputusan petani untuk menggunakan benih jagung hibrida adalah umur petani, luas lahan, dan pendapatan, (2) terdapat perbedaan yang nyata antara produksi dan pendapatan usahatani jagung hibrida dan non hibrida (3) faktor yang berpengaruh nyata terhadap pendapatan usahatani jagung adalah jenis benih, biaya benih, luas lahan dan harga jual.
Daya Saing Ekspor Minyak Kelapa (Crude Coconut Oil) Indonesia di Pasar Internasional
Authors:   Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Pangestu Ambarwati , Dharmawan Budi , Satriani Ratna
Published: February 2022

Perdagangan Internasional dapat didefinisikan sebagai aktivitas perdagangan yang dilakukan oleh penduduk suatu negara dengan penduduk negara lain atas dasar kesepakatan bersama. Minyak kelapa mentah merupakan produk unggulan ekspor Indonesia, serta termasuk dalam ekspor terbesar kedua di dunia. Peningkatan konsumsi minyak kelapa mentah dunia menjadi peluang bagi Indonesia untuk meningkatkan ekspor minyak kelapa mentah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : (1) Mengetahui posisi daya saing ekspor minyak kelapa mentah Indonesia di pasar internasional, (2) Mengetahui daya saing ekspor minyak kelapa mentah Indonesia apakah menunjukkan tren positif atau negatif, (3) Mengetahui kinerja ekspor minyak kelapa mentah Indonesia di pasar internasional.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan tanggal 20 Maret sampai 9 April 2020. Obyek penelitian ini adalah ekspor crude coconut oil (kode HS 151311) Indonesia. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Analisis Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Export Competitiveness Index (ECI), dan Products Mapping. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekspor Indonesia berada pada kelompok A yang artinya memiliki keunggulan komparatif dengan spesialisasi ekspor. Daya saing ekspor Crude Coconut Oil Indonesia menunjukkan tren daya saing yang positif. Hasil analisis TBI menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia sebagai negara dengan spesialisasi ekspor Crude Coconut Oil.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Keputusan Konsumen dalam Mengkonsumsi Beras Organik di Kota Palembang
Authors:   Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sriwijaya, Dadas Bella , Yamin M , Lifianthi Lifianthi
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pola konsumsi dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pengambilan keputusan konsumen dalam mengkonsumsi beras organik di Kota Palembang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada empat swalayan yang berbeda di Kota Palembang 2 swalayan berada di bagian Ilir Kota Palembang dan 2 swalayan berada di bagian Ulu Kota Palembang dengan Jumlah responden yang dipilih adalah 40 orang. Metode yang dilakukan dengan metode survey dan data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan sekunder. Pengolahan data dilakukan secara deskriptif dan regresi logistik. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat tiga pola konsumsi beras organik di Kota Palembang yaitu, pola konsumsi rutin, campuran dan tidak rutin dengan hasil pola konsumsi campuran yang terbanyak yaitu yaitu sebanyak 16 orang atau 40 persen dari total responden. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan konsumen beras dalam mengkonsumsi beras organik (Y) adalah pendapatan (X1) , jumlah tanggungan (X2), lama pendidikan (X3), umur (X4) , dan jenis kelamin (D1) dengan hasil faktor yang berpengaruh nyata terhadap keputusan konsumen beras dalam memilih beras organik atau anorganik untuk makanan pokok sehari-harinya berdasarkan hasil analisis regresi logistik adalah pendapatan konsumen beras (X1), Lama pendidikan konsumen beras (X3) dan jenis kelamin konsumen beras (D1) dengan nilai signifikansi lebih kecil dari 0,05 pada taraf kepercayaan 95%.
Evaluación en la formación profesional de la música
Authors: Cifuentes Guerra Adriana Yésica , Pinzón García Vladimir Alberto
Published: February 2022

La idea de escribir este texto surge de las inquietudes que, como educadores en el área de las artes, tenemos sobre ciertas cuestiones que no han sido resueltas en campos específicos como el de la música. Preguntas como ¿qué es la evaluación en música? ¿de dónde viene el concepto de evaluación aplicada en las artes? ¿qué se evalúa cuando se evalúa en música? ¿es lo mismo calificar a evaluar? ¿es la evaluación garantía del conocimiento?, han sido inquietudes que mueven los inicios del texto. Reflexiones importantes para la construcción de este texto han crecido también en las diferentes instituciones educativas que nos han aportado la experiencia de la observación sobre las prácticas evaluativas en música, siendo actores activos dentro de estos procesos. Se pretende construir un concepto que nos acerque a la evaluación en música, iniciando de su generalidad; es decir, se parte del concepto general de evaluación, para translocarlo al campo de la música, con el fin de discutir sobre las prácticas tradicionales de evaluación en esta área de conocimiento, de esta manera podremos aproximarnos a una idea específica de la evaluación en música.
Factors Determining Subjective Health Perception Among Middle-and Upper-Middle Aged Individuals
Authors:   Kansai University of Welfare Sciences, 3-11-1, Asahigaoka, Kashiwara City, Japan, Hatta Takeshi , Hatta Taketoshi ,   Gifu University of Medical Sciences, Seki City, Japan, Hatta Junko ,   Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya City, Japan, Iwahara Akihiko ,   Kyoto Women’s University, Kyoto City, Japan, Fujiwara Kazumi ,   Toho University, Tokyo City, Japan, Kato Kimiko ,   Aichi-Syukutoku University, Nagakute City, Japan, Hasegawa Yukiharu ,   Kansai University of Welfare Sciences, 3-11-1, Asahigaoka, Kashiwara City, Japan
Published: February 2022

In the present study, we identified the factors of cognitive and physical performances predicting self-rated health perception (SRH) using an SRH questionnaire in 660 (298 men and 362 women) upper-middle-aged community dwellers. In addition, neuropsychological test battery and physical ability tests were applied. A multiple regression analysis was conducted using the forced entry method; digit cancellation test (D-CAT1), logical memory test, verbal fluency test, back strength, timed-up and-go (TUG), balancing test, age, and sex were independent variables, and SRH was used as the dependent variable. The results showed that variables of D-CAT1(β = 0.175, p < 0.001), TUG(β = −0.095, p < 0.026) and body mass index (BMI; β = 0.095, p < 0.018) significantly predicted participants’ SRH, whereas other variables, including sex, did not contribute significantly. D-CAT1 exerted the strongest effect on SRH. These findings indicate that upper-middle-aged individuals use their cognitive and physical performances that strongly relate to the prefrontal cortex functions to form SRH. Based on these findings, we discussed the possible effective strategies that the health-promoting staff of the local government can implement to sustain or increase the SRH of community dwellers.
Age- and Sex-Specific Differences in Multimorbidity Patterns and Temporal Trends on Assessing Hospital Discharge Records in Southwest China: Network-Based Study
Authors: Wang Liya , Qiu Hang , Luo Li , Zhou Li
Published: February 2022

Background

Multimorbidity represents a global health challenge, which requires a more global understanding of multimorbidity patterns and trends. However, the majority of studies completed to date have often relied on self-reported conditions, and a simultaneous assessment of the entire spectrum of chronic disease co-occurrence, especially in developing regions, has not yet been performed.

Objective

We attempted to provide a multidimensional approach to understand the full spectrum of chronic disease co-occurrence among general inpatients in southwest China, in order to investigate multimorbidity patterns and temporal trends, and assess their age and sex differences.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis based on 8.8 million hospital discharge records of about 5.0 million individuals of all ages from 2015 to 2019 in a megacity in southwest China. We examined all chronic diagnoses using the ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision) codes at 3 digits and focused on chronic diseases with ≥1% prevalence for each of the age and sex strata, which resulted in a total of 149 and 145 chronic diseases in males and females, respectively. We constructed multimorbidity networks in the general population based on sex and age, and used the cosine index to measure the co-occurrence of chronic diseases. Then, we divided the networks into communities and assessed their temporal trends.

Results

The results showed complex interactions among chronic diseases, with more intensive connections among males and inpatients ≥40 years old. A total of 9 chronic diseases were simultaneously classified as central diseases, hubs, and bursts in the multimorbidity networks. Among them, 5 diseases were common to both males and females, including hypertension, chronic ischemic heart disease, cerebral infarction, other cerebrovascular diseases, and atherosclerosis. The earliest leaps (degree leaps ≥6) appeared at a disorder of glycoprotein metabolism that happened at 25-29 years in males, about 15 years earlier than in females. The number of chronic diseases in the community increased over time, but the new entrants did not replace the root of the community.

Conclusions

Our multimorbidity network analysis identified specific differences in the co-occurrence of chronic diagnoses by sex and age, which could help in the design of clinical interventions for inpatient multimorbidity.
A Smartphone-Based Information Communication Technology Solution for Primary Modifiable Risk Factors for Noncommunicable Diseases: Pilot and Feasibility Study in Norway
Authors: Gram Inger Torhild , Skeie Guri , Oyeyemi Sunday Oluwafemi , Borch Kristin Benjaminsen , Hopstock Laila Arnesdatter , Løchen Maja-Lisa
Published: February 2022

Background

Cardiovascular diseases, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases, and diabetes are the 4 main noncommunicable diseases. These noncommunicable diseases share 4 modifiable risk factors (tobacco use, harmful use of alcohol, physical inactivity, and unhealthy diet). Short smartphone surveys have the potential to identify modifiable risk factors for individuals to monitor trends.

Objective

We aimed to pilot a smartphone-based information communication technology solution to collect nationally representative data, annually, on 4 modifiable risk factors.

Methods

We developed an information communication technology solution with functionalities for capturing sensitive data from smartphones, receiving, and handling data in accordance with general data protection regulations. The main survey comprised 26 questions: 8 on socioeconomic factors, 17 on the 4 risk factors, and 1 about current or previous noncommunicable diseases. For answers to the continuous questions, a keyboard was displayed for entering numbers; there were preset upper and lower limits for acceptable response values. For categorical questions, pull-down menus with response options were displayed. The second survey comprised 9 yes-or-no questions. For both surveys, we used SMS text messaging. For the main survey, we invited 11,000 individuals, aged 16 to 69 years, selected randomly from the Norwegian National Population Registry (1000 from each of the 11 counties). For the second survey, we invited a random sample of 100 individuals from each county who had not responded to the main survey. All data, except county of residence, were self-reported. We calculated the distribution for socioeconomic background, tobacco use, diet, physical activity, and health condition factors overall and by sex.

Results

The response rate was 21.9% (2303/11,000; women: 1397/2263; 61.7%, men: 866/2263, 38.3%; missing: 40/2303, 1.7%). The median age for men was 52 years (IQR 40-61); the median age for women was 48 years (IQR 35-58). The main reported reason for nonparticipation in the main survey was that the sender of the initial SMS was unknown.

Conclusions

We successfully developed and piloted a smartphone-based information communication technology solution for collecting data on the 4 modifiable risk factors for the 4 main noncommunicable diseases. Approximately 1 in 5 invitees responded; thus, these data may not be nationally representative. The smartphone-based information communication technology solution should be further developed with the long-term goal to reduce premature mortality from the 4 main noncommunicable diseases.
Loneliness and Social Isolation Detection Using Passive Sensing Techniques: Scoping Review
Authors: Qirtas Malik Muhammad , Zafeiridi Evi , Pesch Dirk , White Eleanor Bantry
Published: February 2022

Background

Loneliness and social isolation are associated with multiple health problems, including depression, functional impairment, and death. Mobile sensing using smartphones and wearable devices, such as fitness trackers or smartwatches, as well as ambient sensors, can be used to acquire data remotely on individuals and their daily routines and behaviors in real time. This has opened new possibilities for the early detection of health and social problems, including loneliness and social isolation.

Objective

This scoping review aimed to identify and synthesize recent scientific studies that used passive sensing techniques, such as the use of in-home ambient sensors, smartphones, and wearable device sensors, to collect data on device users’ daily routines and behaviors to detect loneliness or social isolation. This review also aimed to examine various aspects of these studies, especially target populations, privacy, and validation issues.

Methods

A scoping review was undertaken, following the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews). Studies on the topic under investigation were identified through 6 databases (IEEE Xplore, Scopus, ACM, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase). The identified studies were screened for the type of passive sensing detection methods for loneliness and social isolation, targeted population, reliability of the detection systems, challenges, and limitations of these detection systems.

Results

After conducting the initial search, a total of 40,071 papers were identified. After screening for inclusion and exclusion criteria, 29 (0.07%) studies were included in this scoping review. Most studies (20/29, 69%) used smartphone and wearable technology to detect loneliness or social isolation, and 72% (21/29) of the studies used a validated reference standard to assess the accuracy of passively collected data for detecting loneliness or social isolation.

Conclusions

Despite the growing use of passive sensing technologies for detecting loneliness and social isolation, some substantial gaps still remain in this domain. A population heterogeneity issue exists among several studies, indicating that different demographic characteristics, such as age and differences in participants’ behaviors, can affect loneliness and social isolation. In addition, despite extensive personal data collection, relatively few studies have addressed privacy and ethical issues. This review provides uncertain evidence regarding the use of passive sensing to detect loneliness and social isolation. Future research is needed using robust study designs, measures, and examinations of privacy and ethical concerns.
The Impact of Hypoglycemia on Productivity Loss and Utility in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Treated With Insulin in Real-world Canadian Practice: Protocol for a Prospective Study
Authors: Lambert-Obry Veronique , Lafrance Jean-Philippe , Savoie Michelle , Lachaine Jean
Published: February 2022

Background

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) imposes a substantial burden owing to its increasing prevalence and life-threatening complications. In patients who do not achieve glycemic targets with oral antidiabetic drugs, the initiation of insulin is recommended. However, a serious concern regarding insulin is drug-induced hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia is known to affect quality of life and the use of health care resources. However, health economics and outcomes research (HEOR) data for economic modelling are limited, particularly regarding utility values and productivity losses.

Objective

This real-world prospective study aims to assess the impact of hypoglycemia on productivity and utility in insulin-treated adults with T2DM from Ontario and Quebec, Canada.

Methods

This noninterventional, multicenter, 3-month prospective study will recruit patients from 4 medical clinics and 2 endocrinology or diabetes clinics. Patients will be identified using appointment lists and enrolled through consecutive sampling during routinely scheduled consultations. To be eligible, patients must be aged ≥18 years, diagnosed with T2DM, and treated with insulin. Utility and productivity will be measured using the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire and Institute for Medical Technology Assessment Productivity Cost Questionnaire, respectively. Questionnaires will be completed 4, 8, and 12 weeks after recruitment. Generalized estimating equation models will be used to investigate productivity losses and utility decrements associated with incident hypoglycemic events while controlling for individual patient characteristics. A total of 500 patients will be enrolled to ensure the precision of HEOR estimates.

Results

This study is designed to fill a gap in the Canadian evidence on the impact of hypoglycemia on HEOR outcomes. More specifically, it will generate productivity and utility inputs for the economic modeling of T2DM.

Conclusions

Insulin therapy is expensive, and hypoglycemia is a significant component of economic evaluation. Robust HEOR data may help health technology assessment agencies in future reimbursement decision-making.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/35461
A Smartphone-Based Information Communication Technology Solution for Primary Modifiable Risk Factors for Noncommunicable Diseases: Pilot and Feasibility Study in Norway (Preprint)
Authors: Gram Inger Torhild , Skeie Guri , Oyeyemi Sunday Oluwafemi , Borch Kristin Benjaminsen , Hopstock Laila Arnesdatter , Løchen Maja-Lisa
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND

Cardiovascular diseases, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases, and diabetes are the 4 main noncommunicable diseases. These noncommunicable diseases share 4 modifiable risk factors (tobacco use, harmful use of alcohol, physical inactivity, and unhealthy diet). Short smartphone surveys have the potential to identify modifiable risk factors for individuals to monitor trends.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to pilot a smartphone-based information communication technology solution to collect nationally representative data, annually, on 4 modifiable risk factors.

METHODS

We developed an information communication technology solution with functionalities for capturing sensitive data from smartphones, receiving, and handling data in accordance with general data protection regulations. The main survey comprised 26 questions: 8 on socioeconomic factors, 17 on the 4 risk factors, and 1 about current or previous noncommunicable diseases. For answers to the continuous questions, a keyboard was displayed for entering numbers; there were preset upper and lower limits for acceptable response values. For categorical questions, pull-down menus with response options were displayed. The second survey comprised 9 yes-or-no questions. For both surveys, we used SMS text messaging. For the main survey, we invited 11,000 individuals, aged 16 to 69 years, selected randomly from the Norwegian National Population Registry (1000 from each of the 11 counties). For the second survey, we invited a random sample of 100 individuals from each county who had not responded to the main survey. All data, except county of residence, were self-reported. We calculated the distribution for socioeconomic background, tobacco use, diet, physical activity, and health condition factors overall and by sex.

RESULTS

The response rate was 21.9% (2303/11,000; women: 1397/2263; 61.7%, men: 866/2263, 38.3%; missing: 40/2303, 1.7%). The median age for men was 52 years (IQR 40-61); the median age for women was 48 years (IQR 35-58). The main reported reason for nonparticipation in the main survey was that the sender of the initial SMS was unknown.

CONCLUSIONS

We successfully developed and piloted a smartphone-based information communication technology solution for collecting data on the 4 modifiable risk factors for the 4 main noncommunicable diseases. Approximately 1 in 5 invitees responded; thus, these data may not be nationally representative. The smartphone-based information communication technology solution should be further developed with the long-term goal to reduce premature mortality from the 4 main noncommunicable diseases.
Exploring Factors That Predict Marketing of e-Cigarette Products on Twitter: Infodemiology Approach Using Time Series (Preprint)
Authors: Ezike Nnamdi C , Ames Boykin Allison , Dobbs Page D , Mai Huy , Primack Brian A
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND

Electronic nicotine delivery systems (known as electronic cigarettes or e-cigarettes) increase risk for adverse health outcomes among naïve tobacco users, particularly youth and young adults. This vulnerable population is also at risk for exposed brand marketing and advertisement of e-cigarettes on social media. Understanding predictors of how e-cigarette manufacturers conduct social media advertising and marketing could benefit public health approaches to addressing e-cigarette use.

OBJECTIVE

This study documents factors that predict changes in daily frequency of commercial tweets about e-cigarettes using time series modeling techniques.

METHODS

We analyzed data on the daily frequency of commercial tweets about e-cigarettes collected between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2020. We fit the data to an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model and unobserved components model (UCM). Four measures assessed model prediction accuracy. Predictors in the UCM include days with events related to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), non-FDA-related events with significant importance such as academic or news announcements, weekday versus weekend, and the period when JUUL maintained an active Twitter account (ie, actively tweeting from their corporate Twitter account) versus when JUUL stopped tweeting.

RESULTS

When the 2 statistical models were fit to the data, the results indicate that the UCM was the best modeling technique for our data. All 4 predictors included in the UCM were significant predictors of the daily frequency of commercial tweets about e-cigarettes. On average, brand advertisement and marketing of e-cigarettes on Twitter was higher by more than 150 advertisements on days with FDA-related events compared to days without FDA events. Similarly, more than 40 commercial tweets about e-cigarettes were, on average, recorded on days with important non-FDA events compared to days without such events. We also found that there were more commercial tweets about e-cigarettes on weekdays than on weekends and more commercial tweets when JUUL maintained an active Twitter account.

CONCLUSIONS

e-Cigarette companies promote their products on Twitter. Commercial tweets were significantly more likely to be posted on days with important FDA announcements, which may alter the narrative about information shared by the FDA. There remains a need for regulation of digital marketing of e-cigarette products in the United States.
Faculty-Wide Peer-Support Program During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Design and Preliminary Results (Preprint)
Authors: Liu Jenny J W , Lum P Andrea , Foxcroft Laura , Lim Rod , Richardson J Don
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND

Physicians experience higher rates of burnout relative to the general population. Concerns of confidentiality, stigma, and professional identities as health care providers act as barriers to seeking and receiving appropriate support. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, factors that contribute to burnout and barriers to seeking support have been amplified, elevating the overall risks of mental distress and burnout for physicians.

OBJECTIVE

This paper aimed to describe the rapid development and implementation of a peer support program within a health care organization located in London, Ontario, Canada.

METHODS

A peer support program leveraging existing infrastructures within the health care organization was developed and launched in April 2020. The “Peers for Peers” program drew from the work of Shapiro and Galowitz in identifying key components within hospital settings that contributed to burnout. The program design was derived from a combination of the peer support frameworks from the Airline Pilot Assistance Program and the Canadian Patient Safety Institute.

RESULTS

Data gathered over 2 waves of peer leadership training and program evaluations highlighted a diversity of topics covered through the peer support program. Further, enrollment continued to increase in size and scope over the 2 waves of program deployments into 2023.

CONCLUSIONS

Findings suggest that the peer support program is acceptable to physicians and can be easily and feasibly implemented within a health care organization. The structured program development and implementation can be adopted by other organizations in support of emerging needs and challenges.
Increased Incidence of Adult Complicated Appendicitis in One Resource-Competent Community during the Coronavirus Disease Pandemic: Case Controlled Study (Preprint)
Authors: Wu Jin-Ming , Ho Te-Wei , Yu Hsi-Yu , Lai I-Rue
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND

The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on medical services is overwhelming due to limited medical resources. During its initial surge in 2020, Taiwan’s government rapidly established diverse public actions, which helped maintain the medical supply without travel restrictions. However, whether the fear of being infected with COVID-19 interfered with health-seeking behavior (HSB) remains unclear.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to elucidate whether acute complicated appendicitis (ACA) rates in adults were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS

A retrospective analysis of acute appendicitis in adults was performed between January 1 and June 30, 2020 (COVID-19 period). The control period was collected from the first two quarters for the preceding 3 years. Outcome measures were ACA and length of hospital stays.

RESULTS

A total of 145 patients with acute appendicitis presented to our institution during the COVID-19 era. Compared to a 3-year control cohort of 320 patients, the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with a higher rate of symptom duration until their presentation to the emergency room within >48 h (17.2% vs 9.1%, P = 0.011), a higher incidence of ACA (29.7% vs 19.4%, P = 0.014), and a longer length of hospital stays (5.0 days vs 4.0 days, P = 0.043) were observed. In the adjusted regression analysis, the COVID-19 period was significantly associated with a higher rate of ACA (odds ratio [OR] = 1.87; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.23–2.52; P = 0.008) and longer length of hospital stay (OR= 2.10; 95% CI: 0.92 to 3.31; P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

The COVID-19 pandemic was significantly associated with increased ACA rates in one community with a normal medical supply. The fear of being infected with COVID-19 may prohibit patients from seeking medical needs. To improve HSB during the pandemic, a surgical community should attempt to provide scientific information to the public and maintain surgical services under the coverage of workplace safety.

CLINICALTRIAL

NCT05012839
Autopilot Pesawat Tanpa Awak Menggunakan Algoritme Genetika untuk Menghilangkan Blank Spot
Authors: Ronny Mardiyanto  , Muhammad Ichlasul Salik  , Djoko Purwanto
Published: February 2022

Makalah ini menjelaskan pengembangan autopilot pada sistem pesawat tanpa awak yang mampu meminimalkan blank spot pada hasil pemetaan udara menggunakan algoritme genetika. Tujuan dari autopilot yang dikembangkan adalah mempercepat waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk melakukan pemetaan udara dan menghemat konsumsi baterai. Waktu yang lebih cepat dalam melakukan pemetaan udara akan menghemat biaya operasional dan penghematan konsumsi baterai akan menekan biaya perawatan UAV. Autopilot yang dikembangkan memiliki kemampuan analisis blank spot hasil pemotretan udara dan melakukan optimasi rute terbang untuk melakukan pemotretan ulang. Rute penerbangan sistem pesawat tanpa awak pada saat pemotretan ulang ditentukan dengan menerapkan algoritme genetika untuk mendapatkan jarak terpendek. Hal ini dilakukan untuk menghemat konsumsi baterai dan waktu terbang. Cara kerja autopilot yang dikembangkan adalah rute penerbangan diatur secara manual oleh operator, kemudian pesawat akan terbang sesuai rute tersebut. Faktor ketidakstabilan angin akan menyebabkan pergeseran rute penerbangan dan hal ini menyebabkan terjadinya blank spot. Setelah seluruh rute penerbangan dilalui, sistem yang dikembangkan akan menganalisis lokasi blank spot tersebut. Rute penerbangan baru dihitung menggunakan algoritme genetika untuk menentukan jarak terpendek dari semua lokasi blank spot tersebut. Sistem yang dikembangkan terdiri atas unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) yang dilengkapi autopilot dan ground control station (GCS). Pada saat terbang, UAV akan mengirim koordinat rute yang dilalui ke GCS untuk perhitungan analisis blank spot. Setelah misi penerbangan selesai, GCS akan membuat rute baru dan dikirimkan ke UAV. Pengujian yang dilakukan adalah pesawat terbang dengan ketinggian 120 m dengan menggunakan baterai Lipo 4S 4.200 mAh 25C dan persentase throttle saat terbang lurus adalah 30%. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah autopilot yang dikembangkan menghemat waktu 46,4% dan menghemat kapasitas baterai 41,18% jika dibandingkan dengan autopilot konvensional.
Origen del embarazo temprano en adolescentes mexicanas: contextos, significados y experiencias
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Sapién-López José Salvador , Manjarrez-Hernández Estefany Berenice ,   Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias
Published: February 2022

Se han abordado las causas y consecuencias del embarazo adolescente, pero no su origen psico-social. Pretendemos analizar su génesis paulatina. La investigación fue cualitativa. Siete mujeres de la Ciudad de México, y zona conurbada, que vivieron un embarazo a sus 14 o 15 años de edad, fueron entrevistadas. Se realizaron categorías para clasificar la información. El embarazo fue precedido por: noviazgos, de contacto corporal cada vez más íntimo; menarquia; permisopaterno; renuencia masculina y connivencia femenina a usar condón post debut sexual; métodos anticonceptivos inaccesibles por minoría de edad; débil resistencia a la incitación masculina respecto del cortejo, contacto erótico y coito; relación bidireccional unión conyugal-embarazo; y secuencia (sexo no protegido-fecundación inadvertida-síntomas de embarazo-incertidumbre del embarazo-pruebas de embarazo confiables-certitud del embarazo-descarte del aborto). El emba-razo temprano ocurrió tras una secuencia de hechos dentro de la trayectoria de vida, bajo normas de género inequitativas sobre sexualidad, reproducción y unión conyugal.
Estadísticas poblacionales: marco jurídico, violación de derechos humanos, entorno gubernamental. Dos experiencias, una lectura
Authors:   Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Masciadri Viviana
Published: February 2022

Esta investigación compara los marcos jurídicos y el entorno del sistema estadístico argentino y el registro de población israelí delineando, el alcance de la interrelación entre la informática y el uso potencial de datos recabados con fines estadísticos en la planificación de genocidios u otro tipo de atrocidades masivas de población, que comportan políticas demográficas que justifican la violación de la confidencialidad de datos personales con fines de segregación
Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils of Melaleuca cajuputi Powell
Authors: Wahab Noor Zarina Abd , Ja’afar Nur Saidatul Aqilah , Ismail Samhani Binti
Published: February 2022

Melaleuca cajuputi Powell is a tree species belonging to the family Myrtaceae and is widely used in traditional medicine. This study was conducted to investigate the antibacterial activities of essential oils of M. cajuputi Powell. Antibacterial activity was tested against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria using the agar disc diffusion method. The essential oils of M. cajuputi were found to exert antibacterial activity against all of the tested bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli. The zones of inhibition for S. aureus, S. pyogenes, MRSA, E. coli, and K. pneumoniae were 12.7 mm, 10.7 mm, 10.0 mm, 8.7 mm and 9.3 mm respectively, against 0.714% (w/w) of the essential oils. These results highlighted that Gram negative bacteria are less susceptible to the essential oils of M. cajuputi. A large zone of inhibition might be a sign of a leaching antimicrobial agent. These findings suggest that M. cajuputi is a potential natural antibacterial agent.
Bacteriological Profile and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Neonatal Septicemia in a Tertiary Hospital in Vadodara, Gujarat
Authors: Gamit Saurabh Chhotalal , Patel Rachana Dhirubhai , Pandya Himani Bhardwaj , Lakhani Sucheta Jitendra
Published: February 2022

Neonatal septicemia is a major cause of infection and mortality in neonates. Neonatal sepsis is a type of neonatal infection, particularly bacteremia, diagnosed by the presence of microorganisms in blood via microbiological culture tests during the first 4 weeks of birth. Neonatal sepsis is classified into early bacterial neonatal septicemia (less than 72 h) and late bacterial neonatal septicemia (>72 h–28 d) according to age. Isolation of septicemia-causing bacteria from the blood of neonates and investigation of their antibiotic susceptibility pattern for disease management. This study was a retrospective analysis of blood cultures from neonates admitted to the NICU with symptoms of septicemia from June to December, 2019. All samples were processed according to standard microbiological procedures using the BACTEC 9050 automated culture system. Results were reported on the basis of microbial appearance on the culture media and microscopic examination using the Gram staining method, and authentication was performed using standard biochemical reactions. Of the 228 patients, 32.89% were positive for blood culture. Early bacteremia was detected in 64% of the patients, and late bacteremia was detected in 36% of the patients. The most effective drugs against the gram-positive bacteria were linezolid, vancomycin, and ciprofloxacin and against the gram-negative bacteria were tigecycline, imipenem, and amikacin. Coagulase-negative staphylococci and gram-negative organisms such as Klebsiella, Acinetobacter, and Staphylococcus aureus were the major cause of neonatal septicemia in this study, and almost all the isolates were resistant to different antibiotics. Overall, antimicrobial drug resistance was observed in all the positive blood culture samples.
Are Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Colorectal Carcinoma Associated with Helicobacter pylori? A Prospective Study and Meta-analysis
Authors: Bouriat Kaoutar , Cherif Soumia , Sellami Souad , Dref Maria , Krati Khadija , Meriem Meftah Elkhir , Elantri Said , Amine Abdessamad , Rais Hanane
Published: February 2022

Observational studies regarding the correlation between colorectal carcinoma, inflammatory bowel disease and Helicobacter pylori infection are inconsistent. The present study aims to investigate the association between colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRA) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with H. pylori status in 100 patients who have inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal carcinoma was confirmed disease by histological approach. Besides, a meta-analysis was performed of published studies, to evaluate the link between H. pylori infection and an increased risk of CRC and IBD. Among 67 cases with CRA and 33 cases with IBD, 59.7% and 51.5% were H. pylori positive; respectively. In the meta-analysis, thirty-nine articles were included, involving 13 231 cases with CRC and 2477 with IBD. The pooled odds ratio for CRC and IBD was 1.16 (95%CI = 0.73-1.82) and 0.42 (95%CI = 0.32-0.56); respectively. Our meta-analysis indicates that H. pylori is not associated with CRC.
Design and Manufacturing of Non- Contact Type Trolley using IOT
Authors: Beldar Pankaj R. , Bhadak Mugdha , Dixit Neha , Bahiram Milind
Published: February 2022

Abstract: Automation is a need of time. Automation makes task easier and reliable. Robot is a reprogrammable, multifunctional gadget which is basically intended to work like human being.The Internet of Things (IoT) and robotics communities have so far been driven by different yet highly complementary objectives, the first focused on supporting information services for pervasive sensing, tracking and monitoring; the latter on producing action, interaction and autonomous behaviour. In this paper, we will mainly focus on the issues of patients as well as safety and security, specifically the effect of medical device regulation and data protection laws on robots in healthcare. First, we will examine the demand for robots in healthcare and assess the benefits that robots can provide. Second, we will look at the types of robots currently being used in healthcare, anticipate future innovation, and identify the key characteristics of these robots that will present regulatory issues. To overcome the issues like direct contact with patients in Covid-19 wards, we will develop a robot i.e., corona warrior robot which will be used to provide medicines to patients and sanitize the person when any person comes in front of the robot Keywords: Sensors, Robot, IOT, Camera, Non contact type
Program Kerja Pemerintah Gampong Bernuansa Islami di Gampong Aneuk Glee, Aceh
Authors: Rizkina Cut Ridha , Fakhruddin
Published: February 2022

In a gampong or village, it really needs services that have Islamic nuances in order to be able to solve all social problems and improve the religious life that exists in the village. The criteria that exist in leadership and the need for leaders who have human values ​​which are values. Work program that supports the development and development of an Islamic life. The purpose of this research is shown to see the work program of the village apparatus with Islamic nuances in the Aneuk village. In addition, this research finds the importance of interaction between communities so that this friendship can continue. This research uses qualitative methods, the data obtained by using several data methods, namely direct interviews and observations. The results showed that the village government of Aneuk Glee did not actually carry out an Islamic work program but only continued what had been done by previous figures. So in that case, Gampong Aneuk Glee tries to provide Islamic activities to raise a better generation.
CONSEQUÊNCIAS HUMANAS DAS MUDANÇAS CLIMÁTICAS NA ERA DO ANTROPOCENO
Authors: Tavares Elisa Goulart , Calgaro Cleide
Published: February 2022

O presente trabalho analisa a desigualdade social das mulheres refugiadas (deslocadas ambientais) por consequência das mudanças climáticas na era do Antropoceno. Dessa forma, pretende-se proporcionar uma reflexão acerca da responsabilidade socioambiental internacional dos Estados no campo das mudanças climáticas no que se refere principalmente às mulheres deslocadas ambientais. O método utilizado é o analítico buscando uma investigação bibliográfica e documental. Conclui-se que o Estado deve arcar com sua responsabilidade socioambiental e garantir a dignidade humana de todos.
SUPERANDO O BINARISMO DE GÊNERO
Authors: Leivas Paulo Gilberto Cogo , Resadori Alice Hertzog , Alban Carlos Eduardo de Oliveira , Schiavon Amanda de Almeida , Vanin Aline Aver , Almeida Alexandre do Nascimento , Machado Paula Sandrine
Published: February 2022

No Brasil, não há nenhum instrumento normativo que reconheça o direito à identidade de gênero de pessoas intersexo. Desde 2018, contudo, pessoas intersexo que se identificam com gênero diverso daquele atribuído no registro civil, podem se valer da decisão do STF (ADI 4275), para fins de retificação dos dados registrais. Apesar dessa conquista, ainda não se reconhece, no país, a inscrição no registro civil com outros marcadores de sexo que não o masculino ou o feminino. Neste contexto, este artigo tem como objetivo analisar como o tratamento dado ao registro civil de sujeitos intersexo em instrumentos normativos e decisões internacionais e de outros países pode contribuir para definir parâmetros jurídicos antidiscriminatórios, que protejam direitos humanos dessas pessoas no Brasil e que avancem para além da já alcançada possibilidade de retificação registral.
COSMOLOGIA AMERÍNDIA E A GESTÃO DAS ÁGUAS PELOS POVOS INDÍGENAS NO BRASIL
Authors: Melo Álisson José Maia , Themudo Tiago Seixas
Published: February 2022

É objetivo deste artigo analisar, em que medida, elementos característicos das culturas indígenas da América do Sul têm impregnado e transformado o campo jurídico de vários países da região. O perspectivismo ameríndio, transformado em ferramenta jurídica, tem conferido uma nova força constitucional nestes países em defesa das comunidades tradicionais e do meio ambiente. Em seguida, avalia-se a legislação brasileira no que concerne à autonomia concedida às comunidades indígenas na gestão dos recursos naturais presentes em suas reservas. Conclui-se que, diante do silêncio legislativo no caso brasileiro, abre-se espaço para as iniciativas dos atores locais para realizar a gestão da água segundo seus costumes e, diante da impossibilidade de interpretação da legislação nacional adaptada às peculiaridades das comunidades indígenas, a importação da legislação equatoriana seria recomendável, embora de modo subsidiário e a título persuasivo, sem força normativa real.
DIREITOS TERRITORIAIS NO BRASIL
Authors: Madruga da Cunha Isabella , Diniz dos Santos Thais Giselle
Published: February 2022

O aumento de conflitos socioambientais envolvendo disputas territoriais demonstra a pertinência da análise dos direitos territoriais como categoria jurídica autônoma desde uma abordagem interdisciplinar. A fim de avançar no aprofundamento desta tese, primeiro diferenciamos o território da terra-propriedade, para em seguida, problematizar o conceito de território da multiterritorialidade. Segundo, analisamos os sujeitos desses direitos, os povos e comunidades tradicionais, com intenção de problematizar o essencialismo de algumas definições e abordando os conflitos envolvendo conservacionismo e socioambientalismo. Por fim, apresentamos os fundamentos constitucionais e o arcabouço legislativo que positivam esses direitos. A abordagem teórica dos direitos territoriais enquanto categoria jurídica autônoma mostra-se relevante para efetivar sua aplicabilidade para além da limitada visão individualizada e monetária da propriedade privada, em prol da efetivação do direito sociocultural à terra; enquanto espaço de vida e sociobiodiversidade. Nesse sentido, defendemos que os direitos territoriais, por sua natureza jurídica, assumem caráter público e relevante interesse social.
BRAZIL AND THE ONEWAY OF AGENDA 2030 COMPLIANCE
Authors: Pellin Daniela Regina , Engelmann Wilson
Published: February 2022

In this global hipecomplexity scenario, developing countries are called upon to contribute a portion of the reduction of these complexities in order to the sustainable development described in Agenda 2030 to be fulfilled. Around Brazil, there is the expectation that this contribution will be significant in view of the fortunate territory it occupies. However, such targets are far from being achieved by the country in face of its poorly developed system and this is a problem for the research. The general objective is to demonstrate that these are two flawed sides of the same coin: the internal, because of little systemic understanding of global communication that includes the role of institutions and new technologies; owing to the low contribution and lack of management of this global systemic communication that goes beyond resources provided in developing countries. As specific objectives, the research intends to demonstrate that this scenario is due to the low national production complexity characterized by trade in goods and services by 80% of the brazilian companies, distributed among small and medium enterprises, which, in turn, are not involved in planning and technological development, with special attention to disruptive nanotechnologies; as a consequence do not contribute to the sustainable development set out in agenda 2030. The initial hypothesis assumes two aspects: for the internal system, the contribution of sectoral institutions in the diffusion of communication involving technological innovation and sustainable development; and, for the global system: direct engagement in the management of resources and in the construction of this systemic communication. The metodology of the research is deductive and adopts the systemic-constructivist perspective as a procedure to arrive at the solution. The research techniques go through the collection of data and documents submitted to the analysis through the bibliographic review.
CONSTRUÇÃO HISTÓRICA DO DIREITO HUMANO À ÁGUA
Authors: Maia Júnior Ronaldo Moreira , Valença Daniel Araújo , Costa Rodrigo Vieira
Published: February 2022

O trabalho analisa o direito à água, enquanto direito humano, a partir do processo de reivindicação por esse recurso natural no contexto de privatizações dos anos 2000 na Bolívia, também conhecido como Guerra Del Agua, das repercussões desse conflito no processo constituinte boliviano, bem como o reconhecimento da água enquanto Direito Humano no plano internacional. A partir do método materialista histórico dialético, buscou-se perceber como se deu a construção histórica do direito à água enquanto direito humano, tendo como ponto de partida não a síntese normativa produzida sobre esse direito, mas o conflito social que gerou esse debate, percebendo quais os novos paradigmas teóricos e jurídicos em torno da água no processo constituinte boliviano. Pode-se concluir que o direito à água nasce da luta concreta de classes subalternas ou frações destas, e que sua materialização, por outro lado, também se condiciona ao potencial de reivindicação de tais massas.