bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding Ecosystem Service Preferences across Residential Classifications near Mt. Baker Snoqualmie National Forest, Washington (USA)
Authors: Williams Katherine , Biedenweg Kelly , Cerveny Lee
Published: May 2017

Ecosystem services consistently group together both spatially and cognitively into “bundles”. Understanding socio-economic predictors of these bundles is essential to informing a management approach that emphasizes equitable distribution of ecosystem services. We received 1796 completed surveys from stakeholders of the Mt. Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest (WA, USA) using both in-person workshops and an online platform. Survey respondents rated the importance of 26 ecosystem services. Subsequent analysis revealed six distinct preference bundles of these services: environmental quality, utilitarian values, heritage values, two types of recreational values, and access and roads. Results suggest that the conceptualizations of these bundles are consistent across socio-demographic groups. Resource agencies that seek to frame dialogue around critical values may want to consider these broadly representative bundle sets as a meaningful organizing framework that would resonate with diverse constituents.
Towards Rack Utilization in Internet Datacenters: An Approach Based on Dynamic Programming
Authors: Chen Haibao , Zhao Yuyan , Yan Chuxiong
Published: May 2017

In the datacenter rented to Internet Service Providers (ISPs), the low utilization of racks can seriously affect ISPs’ benefit because the ISPs are charged by “rack per year” rather than servers. Based on our analysis about the utilization data from production systems, we find that the over-provisioning of power results in low power utilization, which potentially decreases rack utilization as well as the ISPs’ benefit. To improve the rack utilization, maximizing the number of servers in racks is an effective way. In this paper, we propose a server placement algorithm to minimize the power fragment in a rack. The experimental results show that it can save more than 50% leasing cost (rack utilization improvement) in evaluation.
Survival Analysis of Coal Workers’ Pneumoconiosis (CWP) Patients in a State-Owned Mine in the East of China from 1963 to 2014
Authors: Han Lei , Gao Qianqian , Yang Jingjin , Wu Qiuyun , Zhu Baoli , Zhang Hengdong , Ding Bangmei , Ni Chunhui
Published: May 2017

To investigate the mortality probability, life expectancy of coal workers’ pneumoconiosis (CWP), and related factors of life expectancy, a total of 495 patients with CWP were diagnosed and reported from 1963 to 2014 in a state-owned mine in the east of China. The life table method, log rank method, and Cox regression model were used for survival analysis. 95 out of 495 CWP died during this period. The mortality rate was 19.19%. The average life span was 12.1 (0.0–33.2) years and average death age was 57.4 (33.0–83.0) years. The life table indicated that overall mortality probability increased with the age of CWP patients. Life expectancy of CWP patients was prolonged to 4.3, 1.4, 1.2, and 1.4 years without death caused by pneumoconiosis, tuberculosis, lung cancer, and pulmonary heart disease respectively. The survival curve of CWP patients without pulmonary tuberculosis was higher (average 37.9 years) than patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (average 34.1 years). There was significant difference observed (χ2 = 6.196, p < 0.05). Three risk factors that include initial dust exposure year, age of onset, and first diagnostic stage were put into the Cox regression model for evaluation. The data indicated that prevention and treatment of CWP complication is important to improve patients’ survival rates.
Evaluation of Drought Implications on Ecosystem Services: Freshwater Provisioning and Food Provisioning in the Upper Mississippi River Basin
Authors: Li Ping , Omani Nina , Chaubey Indrajeet , Wei Xiaomei
Published: May 2017

Drought is one of the most widespread extreme climate events with a potential to alter freshwater availability and related ecosystem services. Given the interconnectedness between freshwater availability and many ecosystem services, including food provisioning, it is important to evaluate the drought implications on freshwater provisioning and food provisioning services. Studies about drought implications on streamflow, nutrient loads, and crop yields have been increased and these variables are all process-based model outputs that could represent ecosystem functions that contribute to the ecosystem services. However, few studies evaluate drought effects on ecosystem services such as freshwater and food provisioning and quantify these services using an index-based ecosystem service approach. In this study, the drought implications on freshwater and food provisioning services were evaluated for 14 four-digit HUC (Hydrological Unit Codes) subbasins in the Upper Mississippi River Basin (UMRB), using three drought indices: standardized precipitation index (SPI), standardized soil water content index (SSWI), and standardized streamflow index (SSI). The results showed that the seasonal freshwater provisioning was highly affected by the precipitation deficits and/or surpluses in summer and autumn. A greater importance of hydrological drought than meteorological drought implications on freshwater provisioning was evident for the majority of the subbasins, as evidenced by higher correlations between freshwater provisioning and SSI12 than SPI12. Food provisioning was substantially affected by the precipitation and soil water deficits during summer and early autumn, with relatively less effect observed in winter. A greater importance of agricultural drought effects on food provisioning was evident for most of the subbasins during crop reproductive stages. Results from this study may provide insights to help make effective land management decisions in responding to extreme climate conditions in order to protect and restore freshwater provisioning and food provisioning services in the UMRB.
Pattern of Visits to Older Family Physicians in Taiwan
Authors: Liu Hao-Yen , Liu Cheng-Chieh , Shen Tzu-Hsiang , Wang Yi-Jen , Liu Jui-Yao , Chen Tzeng-Ji , Chou Li-Fang , Hwang Shinn-Jang
Published: May 2017

Many family physicians still practice at an old age. Nevertheless, their practice patterns have scarcely been studied. To address this lack of research, the current study analyzed claims data for a total of 2,018,440 visits to 171 family physicians in 2011 sourced from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database. Family physicians aged 65 years and over had fewer patients (mean: 2330, standard deviation (SD): 2019) and visits (mean: 9220, SD: 8600) than younger physicians had. Furthermore, the average age of the patients who visited physicians aged 65 years and over was 51.9 (SD: 21.5) years, significantly higher than that of patients who visited younger physicians. However, the proportions of visits for upper respiratory tract infections, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia did not differ significantly among different age groups of physicians. In the future, the manpower planning of physicians should take into consideration the age structure and work profile of physicians.
3D-QSAR, Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa LpxC Inhibitors
Authors: Zuo Ke , Liang Li , Du Wenyi , Sun Xin , Liu Wei , Gou Xiaojun , Wan Hua , Hu Jianping
Published: May 2017

As an important target for the development of novel antibiotics, UDP-3-O-(R-3-hydroxymyristoyl)-N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase (LpxC) has been widely studied. Pyridone methylsulfone hydroxamate (PMH) compounds can effectively inhibit the catalytic activity of LpxC. In this work, the three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationships of PMH inhibitors were explored and models with good predictive ability were established using comparative molecular field analysis and comparative molecular similarity index analysis methods. The effect of PMH inhibitors’ electrostatic potential on the inhibitory ability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa LpxC (PaLpxC) is revealed at the molecular level via molecular electrostatic potential analyses. Then, two molecular dynamics simulations for the PaLpxC and PaLpxC-inhibitor systems were also performed respectively to investigate the key residues of PaLpxC hydrolase binding to water molecules. The results indicate that orderly alternative water molecules can form stable hydrogen bonds with M62, E77, T190, and H264 in the catalytic center, and tetracoordinate to zinc ion along with H78, H237, and D241. It was found that the conformational transition space of PaLpxC changes after association with PMH inhibitors through free energy landscape and cluster analyses. Finally, a possible inhibitory mechanism of PMH inhibitors was proposed, based on our molecular simulation. This paper will provide a theoretical basis for the molecular design of LpxC-targeting antibiotics.
Oral Mucositis: Melatonin Gel an Effective New Treatment
Authors: Abdel Moneim Ahmed , Guerra-Librero Ana , Florido Javier , Shen Ying-Qiang , Fernández-Gil Beatriz , Acuña-Castroviejo Darío , Escames Germaine
Published: May 2017

The current treatment for cervico-facial cancer involves radio and/or chemotherapy. Unfortunately, cancer therapies can lead to local and systemic complications such as mucositis, which is the most common dose-dependent complication in the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract. Mucositis can cause a considerably reduced quality of life in cancer patients already suffering from physical and psychological exhaustion. However, the role of melatonin in the treatment of mucositis has recently been investigated, and offers an effective alternative therapy in the prevention and/or management of radio and/or chemotherapy-induced mucositis. This review focuses on the pathobiology and management of mucositis in order to improve the quality of cancer patients’ lives.
Chromium(VI) Removal from Aqueous Solution by Magnetite Coated by a Polymeric Ionic Liquid-Based Adsorbent
Authors: Ferreira Thania , Rodriguez Jose , Paez-Hernandez María , Guevara-Lara Alfredo , Barrado Enrique , Hernandez Prisciliano
Published: May 2017

An evaluation of the chromium(VI) adsorption capacity of four magnetite sorbents coated with a polymer phase containing polymethacrylic acid or polyallyl-3-methylimidazolium is presented. Factors that influence the chromium(VI) removal such as solution pH and contact time were investigated in batch experiments and in stirred tank reactor mode. Affinity and rate constants increased with the molar ratio of the imidazolium. The highest adsorption was obtained at pH 2.0 due to the contribution of electrostatic interactions.
Organic Solid-State Tri-Wavelength Lasing from Holographic Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystal and a Distributed Feedback Laser with a Doped Laser Dye and a Semiconducting Polymer Film
Authors: Liu Minghuan , Liu Yonggang , Peng Zenghui , Wang Shaoxin , Wang Qidong , Mu Quanquan , Cao Zhaoliang , Xuan Li
Published: May 2017

Organic solid-state tri-wavelength lasing was demonstrated from dye-doped holographic polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (HPDLC) distributed feedback (DFB) laser with semiconducting polymer poly[-methoxy-5-(2′-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene-vinylene] (MEH-PPV) and laser dye [4-(dicyanomethylene)-2-methyl-6-(p-dimethylaminostyryl)-4H-pyran] (DCM) by a one-step holography technique, which centered at 605.5 nm, 611.9 nm, and 671.1 nm. The temperature-dependence tuning range for the tri-wavelength dye-doped HPDLC DFB laser was as high as 8 nm. The lasing emission from the 9th order HPDLC DFB laser with MEH-PPV as active medium was also investigated, which showed excellent s-polarization characterization. The diffraction order is 9th and 8th for the dual-wavelength lasing with DCM as the active medium. The results of this work provide a method for constructing the compact and cost-effective all solid-state smart laser systems, which may find application in scientific and applied research where multi-wavelength radiation is required.
A Perspective on the Rise of Optofluidics and the Future
Authors: Song Chaolong , Tan Say
Published: May 2017

In the recent past, the field of optofluidics has thrived from the immense efforts of researchers from diverse communities. The concept of optofluidics combines optics and microfluidics to exploit novel properties and functionalities. In the very beginning, the unique properties of liquid, such as mobility, fungibility and deformability, initiated the motivation to develop optical elements or functions using fluid interfaces. Later on, the advancements of microelectromechanical system (MEMS) and microfluidic technologies enabled the realization of optofluidic components through the precise manipulation of fluids at microscale thus making it possible to streamline complex fabrication processes. The optofluidic system aims to fully integrate optical functions on a single chip instead of using external bulky optics, which can consequently lower the cost of system, downsize the system and make it promising for point-of-care diagnosis. This perspective gives an overview of the recent developments in the field of optofluidics. Firstly, the fundamental optofluidic components will be discussed and are categorized according to their basic working mechanisms, followed by the discussions on the functional instrumentations of the optofluidic components, as well as the current commercialization aspects of optofluidics. The paper concludes with the critical challenges that might hamper the transformation of optofluidic technologies from lab-based procedures to practical usages and commercialization.
In Vitro Anticancer Activity and Structural Characterization of Ubiquinones from Antrodia cinnamomea Mycelium
Authors: Yen I-Chuan , Lee Shih-Yu , Lin Kuen-Tze , Lai Feng-Yi , Kuo Mao-Tien , Chang Wen-Liang
Published: May 2017

Two new ubiquinones, named antrocinnamone and 4-acetylantrocamol LT3, were isolated along with six known ubiquinones from Antrodia cinnamomea (Polyporaceae) mycelium. The developed HPLC analysis methods successfully identified eight different ubiquinones, two benzenoids, and one maleic acid derivative from A. cinnamomea. The ubiquinones 1–8 exhibited potential and selective cytotoxic activity against three human cancer cell lines, with IC50 values ranging from 0.001 to 35.883 μM. We suggest that the different cytotoxicity levels were related to their chemical structures, especially the 4-hydroxycyclohex-2-enone ring and the presence of a free hydroxyl group in the side chain. The suppression by 4-acetylantrocamol LT3 stopped the cell cycle at the beginning of the G2-M phase thus making the cell cycle arrest at the sub-G1 phase as compared with control cells.
The Adenosinergic System as a Therapeutic Target in the Vasculature: New Ligands and Challenges
Authors: Sousa Joana , Diniz Carmen
Published: May 2017

Adenosine is an adenine base purine with actions as a modulator of neurotransmission, smooth muscle contraction, and immune response in several systems of the human body, including the cardiovascular system. In the vasculature, four P1-receptors or adenosine receptors—A1, A2A, A2B and A3—have been identified. Adenosine receptors are membrane G-protein receptors that trigger their actions through several signaling pathways and present differential affinity requirements. Adenosine is an endogenous ligand whose extracellular levels can reach concentrations high enough to activate the adenosine receptors. This nucleoside is a product of enzymatic breakdown of extra and intracellular adenine nucleotides and also of S-adenosylhomocysteine. Adenosine availability is also dependent on the activity of nucleoside transporters (NTs). The interplay between NTs and adenosine receptors’ activities are debated and a particular attention is given to the paramount importance of the disruption of this interplay in vascular pathophysiology, namely in hypertension., The integration of important functional aspects of individual adenosine receptor pharmacology (such as in vasoconstriction/vasodilation) and morphological features (within the three vascular layers) in vessels will be discussed, hopefully clarifying the importance of adenosine receptors/NTs for modulating peripheral mesenteric vascular resistance. In recent years, an increase interest in purine physiology/pharmacology has led to the development of new ligands for adenosine receptors. Some of them have been patented as having promising therapeutic activities and some have been chosen to undergo on clinical trials. Increased levels of endogenous adenosine near a specific subtype can lead to its activation, constituting an indirect receptor targeting approach either by inhibition of NT or, alternatively, by increasing the activity of enzymes responsible for ATP breakdown. These findings highlight the putative role of adenosinergic players as attractive therapeutic targets for cardiovascular pathologies, namely hypertension, heart failure or stroke. Nevertheless, several aspects are still to be explored, creating new challenges to be addressed in future studies, particularly the development of strategies able to circumvent the predicted side effects of these therapies.
The Effect of Isomaltulose Together with Green Tea on Glycemic Response and Antioxidant Capacity: A Single-Blind, Crossover Study in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Suraphad Passakorn , Suklaew Phim , Ngamukote Sathaporn , Adisakwattana Sirichai , Mäkynen Kittana
Published: May 2017

Isomaltulose, a naturally-occurring isomer of sucrose, is commonly used as an alternative sweetener in foods and beverages. The goal of this study was to determine the effect of isomaltulose together with green tea on postprandial plasma glucose and insulin concentration, as well as antioxidant capacity in healthy subjects. In a randomized, single-blind, crossover study, 15 healthy subjects (eight women and seven men; ages 23.5 ± 0.7 years; with body mass index of 22.6 ± 0.4 kg/m2) consumed five beverages: (1) 50 g sucrose in 400 mL water; (2) 50 g isomaltulose in 400 mL of water; (3) 400 mL of green tea; (4) 50 g sucrose in 400 mL of green tea; and (5) 50 g isomaltulose in 400 mL of green tea. Incremental area under postprandial plasma glucose, insulin, ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration were determined during 120 min of administration. Following the consumption of isomaltulose, the incremental 2-h area under the curve (AUC0–2 h) indicated a higher reduction of postprandial glucose (43.4%) and insulin concentration (42.0%) than the consumption of sucrose. The addition of green tea to isomaltulose produced a greater suppression of postprandial plasma glucose (20.9%) and insulin concentration (37.7%). In accordance with antioxidant capacity, consumption of sucrose (40.0%) and isomaltulose (28.7%) caused the reduction of green tea-induced postprandial increases in FRAP. A reduction in postprandial MDA after drinking green tea was attenuated when consumed with sucrose (34.7%) and isomaltulose (17.2%). In conclusion, green tea could enhance the reduction of postprandial glucose and insulin concentration when consumed with isomaltulose. In comparison with sucrose, isomaltulose demonstrated less alteration of plasma antioxidant capacity after being consumed with green tea.
Parenteral Nutrition and Intestinal Failure
Authors: Bielawska Barbara , Allard Johane
Published: May 2017

Severe short bowel syndrome (SBS) is a major cause of chronic (Type 3) intestinal failure (IF) where structural and functional changes contribute to malabsorption and risk of micronutrient deficiencies. Chronic IF may be reversible, depending on anatomy and intestinal adaptation, but most patients require long-term nutritional support, generally in the form of parenteral nutrition (PN). SBS management begins with dietary changes and pharmacologic therapies taking into account individual anatomy and physiology, but these are rarely sufficient to avoid PN. New hormonal therapies targeting intestinal adaptation hold promise. Surgical options for SBS including intestinal transplant are available, but have significant limitations. Home PN (HPN) is therefore the mainstay of treatment for severe SBS. HPN involves chronic administration of macronutrients, micronutrients, fluid, and electrolytes via central venous access in the patient’s home. HPN requires careful clinical and biochemical monitoring. Main complications of HPN are related to venous access (infection, thrombosis) and metabolic complications including intestinal failure associated liver disease (IFALD). Although HPN significantly impacts quality of life, outcomes are generally good and survival is mostly determined by the underlying disease. As chronic intestinal failure is a rare disease, registries are a promising strategy for studying HPN patients to improve outcomes.
Asymptotic Estimates for the One-Year Ruin Probability under Risky Investments
Authors: Liu Jing , Zhang Huan
Published: May 2017

Motivated by the EU Solvency II Directive, we study the one-year ruin probability of an insurer who makes investments and hence faces both insurance and financial risks. Over a time horizon of one year, the insurance risk is quantified as a nonnegative random variable X equal to the aggregate amount of claims, and the financial risk as a d-dimensional random vector Y consisting of stochastic discount factors of the d financial assets invested. To capture both heavy tails and asymptotic dependence of Y in an integrated manner, we assume that Y follows a standard multivariate regular variation (MRV) structure. As main results, we derive exact asymptotic estimates for the one-year ruin probability for the following cases: (i) X and Y are independent with X of Fréchet type; (ii) X and Y are independent with X of Gumbel type; (iii) X and Y jointly possess a standard MRV structure; (iv) X and Y jointly possess a nonstandard MRV structure.
Intercomparison of Ozone Vertical Profile Measurements by Differential Absorption Lidar and IASI/MetOp Satellite in the Upper Troposphere–Lower Stratosphere
Authors: Dolgii Sergey , Nevzorov Alexey , Nevzorov Alexey , Romanovskii Oleg , Kharchenko Olga
Published: May 2017

This paper introduces the technique of retrieving the profiles of vertical distribution of ozone considering temperature and aerosol correction in DIAL sounding of the atmosphere. The authors determine wavelengths, which are promising for measurements of ozone profiles in the upper troposphere–lower stratosphere. An ozone differential absorption lidar is designed for the measurements. The results of applying the developed technique to the retrieval of the vertical profiles of ozone considering temperature and aerosol correction in the altitude range 6–15 km in DIAL sounding of the atmosphere confirm the prospects of ozone sounding at selected wavelengths of 341 and 299 nm with the proposed lidar. The 2015 ozone profiles retrieved were compared with satellite IASI data and the Kruger model.
Precision Near-Field Reconstruction in the Time Domain via Minimum Entropy for Ultra-High Resolution Radar Imaging
Authors: Yu Jiwoong , Ka Min-Ho
Published: May 2017

Ultra-high resolution (UHR) radar imaging is used to analyze the internal structure of objects and to identify and classify their shapes based on ultra-wideband (UWB) signals using a vector network analyzer (VNA). However, radar-based imaging is limited by microwave propagation effects, wave scattering, and transmit power, thus the received signals are inevitably weak and noisy. To overcome this problem, the radar may be operated in the near-field. The focusing of UHR radar signals over a close distance requires precise geometry in order to accommodate the spherical waves. In this paper, a geometric estimation and compensation method that is based on the minimum entropy of radar images with sub-centimeter resolution is proposed and implemented. Inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging is used because it is applicable to several fields, including medical- and security-related applications, and high quality images of various targets have been produced to verify the proposed method. For ISAR in the near-field, the compensation for the time delay depends on the distance from the center of rotation and the internal RF circuits and cables. Required parameters for the delay compensation algorithm that can be used to minimize the entropy of the radar images are determined so that acceptable results can be achieved. The processing speed can be enhanced by performing the calculations in the time domain without the phase values, which are removed after upsampling. For comparison, the parameters are also estimated by performing random sampling in the data set. Although the reduced data set contained only 5% of the observed angles, the parameter optimization method is shown to operate correctly.
A Novel Method of Aircraft Detection Based on High-Resolution Panchromatic Optical Remote Sensing Images
Authors: Wang Wensheng , Nie Ting , Fu Tianjiao , Ren Jianyue , Jin Longxu
Published: May 2017

In target detection of optical remote sensing images, two main obstacles for aircraft target detection are how to extract the candidates in complex gray-scale-multi background and how to confirm the targets in case the target shapes are deformed, irregular or asymmetric, such as that caused by natural conditions (low signal-to-noise ratio, illumination condition or swaying photographing) and occlusion by surrounding objects (boarding bridge, equipment). To solve these issues, an improved active contours algorithm, namely region-scalable fitting energy based threshold (TRSF), and a corner-convex hull based segmentation algorithm (CCHS) are proposed in this paper. Firstly, the maximal variance between-cluster algorithm (Otsu’s algorithm) and region-scalable fitting energy (RSF) algorithm are combined to solve the difficulty of targets extraction in complex and gray-scale-multi backgrounds. Secondly, based on inherent shapes and prominent corners, aircrafts are divided into five fragments by utilizing convex hulls and Harris corner points. Furthermore, a series of new structure features, which describe the proportion of targets part in the fragment to the whole fragment and the proportion of fragment to the whole hull, are identified to judge whether the targets are true or not. Experimental results show that TRSF algorithm could improve extraction accuracy in complex background, and that it is faster than some traditional active contours algorithms. The CCHS is effective to suppress the detection difficulties caused by the irregular shape.
Evaluating the Significance of Criteria Contributing to Decision-Making on Brownfield Land Redevelopment Strategies in Urban Areas
Authors: Burinskienė Marija , Bielinskas Vytautas , Podviezko Askoldas , Gurskienė Virginija , Maliene Vida
Published: May 2017

Brownfield land is one of the least exploited resources for urban development in a number of Eastern European countries. Establishing a rational strategy for redeveloping brownfields is an unambiguously complex task that requires considering a number of different economic, social, physical and environmental factors. The strategic decision-making has a long term impact on the quality of life, ecological balance and urban structure. Therefore, the paper is aimed at developing a comprehensive set of criteria that contribute to the redevelopment of brownfield land in urban areas. It focuses on six main development strategies that embrace creating residential, green, commercial, recreational activity and industrial areas or leaving land as a reserve. Geographic information system (GIS) tools are employed to collect the spatial information, obtain the initial set of criteria and derive the statistical data. Expert’s evaluations along with a statistical method of gauging the level of concordance of their opinion combined with Delphi method are used for determining significance of criteria within economic, social, physical (urbanistic) and environmental criteria groups. This study establishes the most significant criteria for implementing different scenarios of the brownfield land redevelopment in Vilnius, Lithuania. Developed framework will support the decision-making process in the brownfield land redevelopment aiding a sustainable urban planning.
Development and characterization of EST‐SSR markers for Begonia luzhaiensis (Begoniaceae)
Authors: Tseng Yu‐Hsin , Huang Han‐Yau , Xu Wei‐Bin , Yang Hsun‐An , Liu Yan , Peng Ching‐I , Chung Kuo‐Fang
Published: May 2017

Premise of the study:

Microsatellite primers were developed for Begonia luzhaiensis (Begoniaceae) to assess genetic diversity and population genetic structure.

Methods and Results:

Based on the transcriptome data of B. luzhaiensis, 60 primer pairs were selected for initial validation, of which 16 yielded polymorphic microsatellite loci in 57 individuals. The number of alleles observed for these 16 loci ranged from one to nine. The observed and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.000 to 1.000 and from 0.000 to 0.804 with averages of 0.370 and 0.404, respectively. Five loci could be successfully amplified in B. leprosa.

Conclusions:

The expressed sequence tag–simple sequence repeat markers are the first specifically developed for B. luzhaiensis and the first developed in Begonia sect. Coelocentrum. These markers will be useful for future studies of the genetic structure and phylogeography of B. luzhaiensis.
SNaX: A Database of Supernova X-Ray Light Curves
Authors: Ross Mathias , Dwarkadas Vikram V.
Published: May 2017

We present the Supernova X-ray Database (SNaX), a compilation of the X-ray data from young supernovae (SNe). The database includes the X-ray fluxes and luminosities of young SNe, from days to years after outburst. The original goal and intent of this study was to present a database of Type IIn SNe (SNe IIn), which we have accomplished. Our ongoing goal is to expand the database to include all SNe for which published data are available. The database interface allows one to search for SNe using various criteria, plot all or selected data points, and download both the data and the plot. The plotting facility allows for significant customization. There is also a facility for the user to submit data that can be directly incorporated into the database. We include an option to fit the decay of any given SN light curve with a power-law. The database includes a conversion of most data points to a common 0.3–8 keV band so that SN light curves may be directly compared with each other. A mailing list has been set up to disseminate information about the database. We outline the structure and function of the database, describe its various features, and outline the plans for future expansion.
The Sirius System and Its Astrophysical Puzzles: Hubble Space Telescope and Ground-based Astrometry∗
Authors: Bond Howard E. , Schaefer Gail H. , Gilliland Ronald L. , Holberg Jay B. , Mason Brian D. , Lindenblad Irving W. , Seitz-McLeese Miranda , Arnett W. David , Demarque Pierre , Spada Federico , Young Patrick A. , Barstow Martin A. , Burleigh Matthew R. , Gudehus Donald
Published: May 2017

Sirius, the seventh-nearest stellar system, is a visual binary containing the metallic-line A1 V star Sirius A, the brightest star in the sky, orbited in a 50.13 year period by Sirius B, the brightest and nearest white dwarf (WD). Using images obtained over nearly two decades with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), along with photographic observations covering almost 20 years and nearly 2300 historical measurements dating back to the 19th century, we determine precise orbital elements for the visual binary. Combined with the parallax and the motion of the A component, these elements yield dynamical masses of

and

for Sirius A and B, respectively. Our precise HST astrometry rules out third bodies orbiting either star in the system, down to masses of ∼15–

. The location of Sirius B in the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram is in excellent agreement with theoretical cooling tracks for WDs of its dynamical mass, and implies a cooling age of ∼126 Myr. The position of Sirius B on the mass–radius plane is also consistent with WD theory, assuming a carbon–oxygen core. Including the pre-WD evolutionary timescale of the assumed progenitor, the total age of Sirius B is about 228 ± 10 Myr. We calculated evolutionary tracks for stars with the dynamical mass of Sirius A, using two independent codes. We find it necessary to assume a slightly subsolar metallicity, of about

, to fit its location on the luminosity–radius plane. The age of Sirius A based on these models is about 237–247 Myr, with uncertainties of ±15 Myr, consistent with that of the WD companion. We discuss astrophysical puzzles presented by the Sirius system, including the probability that the two stars must have interacted in the past, even though there is no direct evidence for this and the orbital eccentricity remains high.
The Herschel Orion Protostar Survey: Luminosity and Envelope Evolution
Authors: Fischer William J. , Megeath S. Thomas , Furlan Elise , Ali Babar , Stutz Amelia M. , Tobin John J. , Osorio Mayra , Stanke Thomas , Manoj P. , Poteet Charles A. , Booker Joseph J. , Hartmann Lee , Wilson Thomas L. , Myers Philip C. , Watson Dan M.
Published: May 2017

The Herschel Orion Protostar Survey obtained well-sampled 1.2–870 μm spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of over 300 protostars in the Orion molecular clouds, home to most of the young stellar objects (YSOs) in the nearest 500 pc. We plot the bolometric luminosities and temperatures for 330 Orion YSOs, 315 of which have bolometric temperatures characteristic of protostars. The histogram of the bolometric temperature is roughly flat; 29% of the protostars are in Class 0. The median luminosity decreases by a factor of four with increasing bolometric temperature; consequently, the Class 0 protostars are systematically brighter than the Class I protostars, with a median luminosity of 2.3 

as opposed to 0.87 

. At a given bolometric temperature, the scatter in luminosities is three orders of magnitude. Using fits to the SEDs, we analyze how the luminosities corrected for inclination and foreground reddening relate to the mass in the inner 2500 au of the best-fit model envelopes. The histogram of the envelope mass is roughly flat, while the median-corrected luminosity peaks at 15 

for young envelopes and falls to 1.7 

for late-stage protostars with remnant envelopes. The spread in luminosity at each envelope mass is three orders of magnitude. Envelope masses that decline exponentially with time explain the flat mass histogram and the decrease in luminosity, while the formation of a range of stellar masses explains the dispersion in luminosity.
Implications for the Origin of Early-type Dwarf Galaxies: A Detailed Look at the Isolated Rotating Early-type Dwarf Galaxy LEDA 2108986 (CG 611), Ramifications for the Fundamental Plane’s
Kinematic Scaling, and the Spin–Ellipticity Diagram
Authors: Graham Alister W. , Janz Joachim , Penny Samantha J. , Chilingarian Igor V. , Ciambur Bogdan C. , Forbes Duncan A. , Davies Roger L.
Published: May 2017

Selected from a sample of nine, isolated, dwarf early-type galaxies (ETGs) with the same range of kinematic properties as dwarf ETGs in clusters, we use LEDA 2108986 (CG 611) to address the nature versus nurture debate regarding the formation of dwarf ETGs. The presence of faint disk structures and rotation within some cluster dwarf ETGs has often been heralded as evidence that they were once late-type spiral or dwarf irregular galaxies prior to experiencing a cluster-induced transformation into an ETG. However, CG 611 also contains significant stellar rotation (≈20 km s−1) over its inner half-light radius (

kpc), and its stellar structure and kinematics resemble those of cluster ETGs. In addition to hosting a faint young nuclear spiral within a possible intermediate-scale stellar disk, CG 611 has accreted an intermediate-scale, counter-rotating gas disk. It is therefore apparent that dwarf ETGs can be built by accretion events, as opposed to disk-stripping scenarios. We go on to discuss how both dwarf and ordinary ETGs with intermediate-scale disks, whether under (de)construction or not, are not fully represented by the kinematic scaling

, and we also introduce a modified spin–ellipticity diagram

–

with the potential to track galaxies with such disks.
L’interrogatoire du schizophrène, un procès thérapeutique au xx e siècle ?
Authors: Guillemain Hervé
Published: May 2017

Résumé Si, de nos jours, la parole du schizophrène est abondante, médiatisée et organisée, avant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, période qui voit émerger cette catégorie de diagnostic, cette parole est comme assignée et sédimentée dans les interrogatoires d’admission consignés dans les archives des hôpitaux psychiatriques. Or, cette parole retranscrite, filtrée par une succession d’opérations médicales et archivistiques, est un reste qui interdit d’espérer atteindre une forme d’état primaire de la folie. Lire les interrogatoires des patients schizophrènes des années 1920-1930 comme des formes de procès thérapeutiques, à la manière dont Certeau y invite dans son texte « Le langage altéré. La parole de la possédée », est une démarche fructueuse. L’art de citer la parole du patient, de nommer son mal, de localiser les voix qui harcèlent le psychotique, de construire une sémiologie indépendante de la subjectivité du sujet, sont autant de techniques communes aux deux univers médical et religieux. En réduisant la parole du patient schizophrène à sa seule forme, en insistant sur le spectacle signifiant de son corps, la pratique psychiatrique est une opération qui produit la mise à l’écart tout en permettant la conservation d’une trace de ce « langage altéré », de cette « revenance » ; c’est en quête de celle-ci que doit se mettre l’historien attaché à reconstituer l’émergence d’une nouvelle maladie dans l’espace social.
Le genre, une notion prise au sérieux dans les années 1960
Authors: Coffin Jean-Christophe
Published: May 2017

Résumé Cet article s’appuie sur l’exploration des archives de Robert Stoller afin de montrer un psychiatre et psychanalyste au travail. La figure de R. Stoller est généralement associée à la notion d’identité de genre. C’est pourquoi l’étude a plus particulièrement porté sur cette notion et son usage. Elle devient centrale dans son œuvre entre le début des années 1960 et la sortie de son premier livre en 1968 aux États-Unis et en 1978 en France. Elle permet à R. Stoller d’envisager d’autres lectures du phénomène transsexuel et de contribuer à l’évolution du débat psychiatrique sur l’homosexualité. Elle lui permet de discuter de la notion d’identité sexuelle et d’interroger l’expression de « force biologique ». Un de ses défis est de s’écarter du primat du biologique sans y renoncer. L’article aborde enfin la question de la réception de Robert Stoller en France. Comment son travail peut-il, aujourd’hui, être reçu et interprété trente ans après sa traduction en français ? Comment resituer et restituer un psychiatre et psychanalyste sans nécessairement être animé par la volonté de réhabiliter ou de condamner son travail ? C’est une difficulté de l’écriture de l’histoire de la psychanalyse et l’article pointe le risque du présentisme étant donné que les thèmes de l’homosexualité ou du transsexualisme ont connu au cours de ces décennies de profondes évolutions. Celles-ci sont notamment liées à une prise de parole inédite des personnes gay et transgenres. C’est aussi lié au déclin du discours médico-psychologique conçu dans les années 1960 quand Robert Stoller construisait ses propres arguments.
L’historicité de l’historien ou la place des morts
Authors: Jablonka Ivan
Published: May 2017

Résumé Retour sur expérience, cet article évoque les questions de méthode soulevées par mon essai de biographie familiale. L’enjeu est multiple : non seulement montrer que notre moi a une histoire et que son analyse contribue à la scientificité de la démarche, mais mobiliser, au sein du texte, un « je » de méthode ; admettre que l’écriture fait partie de l’enquête, sans quoi la production de connaissances reste incomplète ; enfin, sur les traces de Michel de Certeau, rappeler que l’historien fait dialoguer les morts et les vivants. Il s’agit, en un mot, d’être sensible à notre historicité. L’historien fait partie de l’histoire.
Early Versus Late Weight-Bearing Protocols for Surgically Managed Posterior Wall Acetabular Fractures
Authors: Heare Austin , Kramer Nicholas , Salib Christopher , Mauffrey Cyril
Published: May 2017

Despite overall improved outcomes with open reduction and internal fixation of acetabular fractures, posterior wall fractures show disproportionately poor results. The effect of weight bearing on outcomes of fracture management has been investigated in many lower extremity fractures, but evidence-based recommendations in posterior wall acetabular fractures are lacking. The authors systematically reviewed the current literature to determine if a difference in outcome exists between early and late postoperative weight-bearing protocols for surgically managed posterior wall acetabular fractures. PubMed and MEDLINE were searched for posterior wall acetabular fracture studies that included weight-bearing protocols and Merle d'Aubigné functional scores. Twelve studies were identified. Each study was classified as either early or late weight bearing. Early weight bearing was defined as full, unrestricted weight bearing at or before 12 weeks postoperatively. Late weight bearing was defined as restricted weight bearing for greater than 12 weeks postoperatively. The 2 categories were then compared by functional score using a 2-tailed
t
test and by complication rate using chi-square analysis. Six studies (152 fractures) were placed in the early weight-bearing category. Six studies (302 fractures) were placed in the late weight-bearing category. No significant difference in Merle d'Aubigné functional scores was found between the 2 groups. No difference was found regarding heterotopic ossification, avascular necrosis, superficial infections, total infections, or osteoarthritis. This systematic review found no difference in functional outcome scores or complication rates between early and late weight-bearing protocols for surgically treated posterior wall fractures. [
Orthopedics.
2017: 40(4):e652–e657.]
Amount of Minutes Played Does Not Contribute to Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in National Basketball Association Athletes
Authors: Okoroha Kelechi R. , Marfo Kojo , Meta Fabien , Matar Robert , Shehab Ramsy , Thompson Terry , Moutzouros Vasilios , Makhni Eric C.
Published: May 2017

There is limited information on the potential risk factors for sustaining an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear in National Basketball Association (NBA) athletes. This study evaluated 83 NBA players who sustained an ACL injury between 1984 and 2015 to determine the influence of minutes played on injury risk. Minutes played in the injury game, during the season, and over their career were assessed, along with the ability to return to play, player efficiency rating, and playing time after return. Athletes in the NBA played significantly fewer minutes before sustaining an ACL injury (17.1 minutes) than their average minutes per game that season (23.5 minutes;
P
<.01) or over their career (24.0 minutes;
P
<.01). One-third of all injuries occurred during the first quarter of the season (preseason to November). There was a 95% rate of return (78 players) to NBA competition the season following ACL injury. Players who were drafted as lottery picks (draft pick 1 to 15) or those who were starters played significantly more minutes the season following injury than those who were not (both
P
<.01). Players who returned to play had decreased player efficiency ratings when compared with matched controls. This study found that minutes played in a single NBA game did not contribute to the risk of sustaining an ACL injury. Although there was a high rate of return to NBA competition the season following injury, those who were elite athletes played more minutes per game than those who were not. Athletes who returned to play sustained a decrease in player efficiency ratings compared with similar athletes without ACL injury. [
Orthopedics.
2017; 40(4):e658–e662.]
Une écriture réellement collaborative ?
Authors: Bloomfield Camille
Published: May 2017

Par son existence même, en tant que groupe, on pourrait supposer que l’Ouvroir de littérature potentielle est naturellement enclin à une écriture collaborative. L’histoire des avant-gardes montre pourtant que ce type de travail n’est pas systématique dans les mouvements littéraires. La conception oulipienne de l’écrivain comme artisan, le fonctionnement très démocratique du groupe, ou encore sa longue histoire commune (depuis 1960 à aujourd’hui) sont-ils des éléments qui ont favorisé les projets collectifs ou au contraire, les ont ralentis, voire rendus impossibles ? L’analyse des dossiers préparatoires de quelques-uns des ouvrages signés individuellement ou du nom « Oulipo » (en particulier Oulipo 1960-1963, La Littérature potentielle et l’Atlas de littérature potentielle) permettra de comprendre comment, concrètement, a pu avoir lieu l’émergence de plusieurs publications réellement collaboratives.
Nature and Clonality of the Fluoresceinated Secondary Antibody in Luminex Multiplex Bead Assays Are Critical Factors for Reliable Monitoring of Serum HLA Antibody Levels in Patients for Donor Organ Selection, Desensitization Therapy, and Assessment of the Risk for Graft Loss
Authors: Ravindranath Mepur H. , Jucaud Vadim , Banuelos Nubia , Everly Matthew J. , Cai Junchao , Nguyen Anh , Terasaki Paul I.
Published: May 2017

Luminex multiplex immunoassays enable simultaneous monitoring of Abs against multiple Ags in autoimmune, inflammatory, and infectious diseases. The assays are used extensively to monitor anti-HLA Abs in transplant patients for donor organ selection, desensitization, and assessing the risk for graft rejection. To monitor IgG Abs, fluoresceinated IgG constant H chain–binding polyclonal F(ab′)2 (IgHPolyFab) is used as the fluoresceinated secondary Ab (2nd-Ab), whereas IgG subclasses are monitored with Fc-specific monoclonal whole IgG (FcMonoIgG). The fluorescent signal from the 2nd-Ab is measured as mean florescence intensity (MFI). When IgHPolyFab is used, the signal is amplified as a result of the binding of multiple polyclonal Fabs to the C region of primary IgH. The reliability of such amplification for Ab measurements was not validated, nor were MFIs compared with 1:1 binding of FcMonoIgG to primary Abs. Comparing the MFIs of anti-HLA Abs obtained with IgHPolyFab and FcMonoIgG against normal human sera, IVIg, and allograft recipients’ sera, it was observed that the number of HLA-Abs was notably higher with IgHPolyFab than with FcMonoIgG. The MFIs of anti-HLA Abs also remained higher with IgHPolyFab in the normal sera and in IVIg, but the reverse was true when the autologous and allogeneic IgG concentrations were augmented in allograft recipients. Indeed, MFIs of the de novo allo-HLA Abs were markedly higher with FcMonoIgG than with IgHPolyFab. Serum titration established the superiority of FcMonoIgG for monitoring MFIs of de novo allo-HLA Abs in allograft recipients. Avoiding false amplifications of the number and MFIs of anti-HLA IgG with FcMonoIgG may minimize immunosuppressive therapies, maximize the number of donors for patients waiting for allografts, and enable better prediction of graft rejection.
Editorial
Authors: Cortina Orts Adela
Published: May 2017

Editorial del primer número de la revista Ciencia, Técnica y Mainstreaming Social (CITECMA).
Joe Sacco: viñetas, periodismo y el conflicto palestino-israelí.
Authors: Yoldi López Mónica
Published: May 2017

El artículo aborda el trabajo del periodista y dibujante de cómic Joe Sacco sobre Palestina. Integrante de la corriente denominada cómic periodístico, Joe Sacco, con un dibujo directo y comprometido, nos ofrece su particular visión del conflicto palestino-israelí intentando huir de ideas preconcebidas y convencionalismos.

En el texto se analizan sus obras más importantes como Palestina: en la Franja de Gaza o Notas al pié de Gaza.