bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sampling unit for efficient signal detection and application to liquid chromatography-Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Lo Yu-Hao , Li Shu-Chi , Hiramatsu Hirotsugu
Published: January 2021

A new sampling unit design enhances the signal intensity and is available to combine Raman spectrometer with liquid chromatography.
Uranyl-catalyzed hydrosilylation of para-quinone methides: access to diarylmethane derivatives
Authors: Yu Jipan , Chen Siyu , Liu Kang , Yuan Liyong , Mei Lei , Chai Zhifang , Shi Weiqun
Published: January 2021

An efficient and convenient uranyl-catalyzed reductive hydrosilation reaction of para-quinone methides was developed by employing silane as the reductant.
Layered double hydroxide derived bimetallic nickel–iron selenide as an active electrocatalyst for nitrogen fixation under ambient conditions
Authors: Yang Shiyu , Ye Wen , Zhang Demei , Fang Xiaoyu , Yan Dongpeng
Published: January 2021

NiFe–LDH derived nickel–iron selenide can cause an NRR positive process due to the exposure of N2 adsorption sites resulting from the lattice distortion related to the Jahn–Teller effect after selenization.
Euroticins C–E, three pairs of polycyclic salicylaldehyde derivative enantiomers from a marine-derived fungus Eurotium sp. SCSIO F452
Authors: Zhong Weimao , Chen Yuchan , Wei Xiaoyi , Wang Junfeng , Zeng Qi , Tian Xinpeng , Zhang Weimin , Wang Fazuo , Zhang Si
Published: January 2021

Euroticins C–E (1–3) are three pairs of salicylaldehyde derivative enantiomers representing two types of unprecedented highly constructed 6/6/6/6 tetracyclic structures from a marine-derived fungus Eurotium sp. SCSIO F452.
Fungal remediation of Cd(ii) from wastewater using immobilization techniques
Authors: Ali Eman Abdullah M. , Sayed Mohsen A. , Abdel-Rahman Tahany M. A. , Hussein Rabab
Published: January 2021

The pollution of wastewater by heavy metal ions is hazardous to the environment and human health.
Mesoscale modelling of droplets’ self-assembly in microfluidic channels
Authors: Montessori Andrea , Tiribocchi Adriano , Lauricella Marco , Bonaccorso Fabio , Succi Sauro
Published: January 2021

A recently proposed mesoscale approach for the simulation of multicomponent flows with near-contact interactions is employed to investigate the early stage formation and clustering statistics of soft flowing crystals in microfluidic channels.
Highly active and stable nickel–molybdenum nitride (Ni2Mo3N) electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution
Authors: Park Sang Heon , Jo Tae Hwan , Lee Min Hee , Kawashima Kenta , Mullins C. Buddie , Lim Hyung-Kyu , Youn Duck Hyun
Published: January 2021

Ni2Mo3N catalyst is synthesized directly on Ni foam by a simple and economical method, which shows excellent hydrogen evolution performance in alkaline electrolyte.
A self-healable, stretchable, tear-resistant and sticky elastomer enabled by a facile polymer blends strategy
Authors: Song Shiqiang , Hou Honghao , Wang Jincheng , Rao Pinhua , Zhang Yong
Published: January 2021

A high-stretchability, high-strength, tear-resistant, self-healing and adhesive elastomer is prepared through a facile and effective physical blending strategy. The elastomer shows potential applications in e-skin devices.
Stabilization of ultra-small gold nanoparticles in a photochromic organic cage: modulating photocatalytic CO2 reduction by tuning light irradiation
Authors: Singh Ashish , Verma Parul , Samanta Debabrata , Dey Anupam , Dey Jyotirmoy , Maji Tapas Kumar
Published: January 2021

A DTE based photochromic organic cage was used for stabilization of ultra-small Au nanoparticles and the resulting hybrid nanocomposite showed irradiated light regulated photocatalytic CO2 reduction to CO.
Recent advances in the design of inorganic and nano-clay particles for the treatment of brain disorders
Authors: Persano Francesca , Batasheva Svetlana , Fakhrullina Gölnur , Gigli Giuseppe , Leporatti Stefano , Fakhrullin Rawil
Published: January 2021

Inorganic materials, in particular nanoclays and silica nanoparticles, have attracted enormous attention due to their versatile and tuneable properties, making them ideal candidates for a wide range of biomedical applications, such as drug delivery.
Novel spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene]-based hole transport layers for red and green PHOLED devices with high efficiency and low efficiency roll-off
Authors: Wang Tao , Shi Ming , Fang Daqi , He Junpeng , Zhang Meng , Zhang Siwei , Wei Guodan , Meng Hong
Published: January 2021

Spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene]-based HTMs for high efficiency red and green PHOLEDs with low efficiency roll-off.
Editors’ choice collection on organic photovoltaics: back in the game
Authors: Vaynzof Yana , Demadrille Renaud
Published: January 2021

Associate Editors Yana Vaynzof and Renaud Demadrille highlight recent research in organic photovoltaics in this themed collection (rsc.li/OrganicPhotovoltaics).
Two-dimensional magneto-photoconductivity in non-van der Waals manganese selenide
Authors: Hu Liang , Cao Lei , Li Lingwei , Duan Juanmei , Liao Xiaoqi , Long Fangchao , Zhou Jian , Xiao Yinguo , Zeng Yu-Jia , Zhou Shengqiang
Published: January 2021

The infrared magneto-photoconductivity phenomenon was first revealed in quasi-two-dimensional ferromagnetic manganese selenide.
A novel methodology for high‐frequency lumped equivalent circuit of an isolated transformer winding construction based on frequency response analysis signal morphology interpretation
Authors: Amara Abderrazak , Gacemi Abderrazak , Houassine Hamza , Chaouche Moustafa Sahnoune
Published: January 2021

A novel auto‐synthesis method is proposed to construct the mutually coupled equivalent circuit of an isolated air‐core transformer winding based on the signal morphology interpretation of its measured frequency response analysis (FRA) only. Therefore, this approach aims to determine the model parameters from the frequency sub‐bands (low, medium and high frequency), each of which reflects its dominant parameters, where the parameter identification procedure is done from their corresponding sub‐band separately. Besides, the optimisation algorithms have difficulties in estimating the nearly unique lumped circuit parameter in a large search space. For this reason, based on analytical simplifications, two novel dynamic autonomous methods have been proposed to restrict the search space bounds of the inductances and the capacitances. Finally, real case studies were used on actual air‐core windings to validate the ability of the proposed method to perform an automated synthesis. Consequently, a nearly unique equivalent circuit model has accomplished automatically with high accuracy.
Directivity enhancement and characteristics of space‐wave, leaky‐wave and creeping‐waves for an impedance cylinder coated with dielectric
Authors: Singh Mahesh , Ghosh Bratin , Sarabandi Kamal
Published: January 2021

The dielectric‐coated impedance cylinder configuration is investigated thoroughly with respect to the space‐wave, leaky‐wave and creeping‐wave excitations for all source polarizations. A very high directivity is achieved for the space‐ and leaky‐wave radiation for the antenna structure compared to that from a dielectric cylindrical rod investigated earlier. It is also observed that such high directivity for the dominant‐mode leaky‐wave is accompanied by higher‐order azimuthal harmonics with low attenuation constant contributing to the leaky‐wave pole, instead of the n = 0 harmonic for the previous configuration. A large enhancement in the space‐wave directivity is also achieved, contributed by higher space‐wave harmonics compared to lower‐order azimuthal harmonics for the cylindrical dielectric rod antenna. The space‐wave and leaky‐wave directivities are examined with variation in the design parameters and azimuthal harmonics. The phase and attenuation characteristics of the leaky‐wave are used to evaluate the optimized leaky‐wave structure parameters and appropriate azimuthal harmonics that result in high directivity for the configuration. The creeping‐wave characteristics for the configuration are also investigated, with a relatively stronger creeping‐wave excitation observed for an inductive surface‐impedance.
An adaptive fractional fuzzy sliding mode controlled PSS for transient stability improvement under different system uncertainties
Authors: Paital Shiba R. , Ray Prakash K. , Mohanty Soumya R. , Mohanty Asit
Published: January 2021

An adaptive fractional fuzzy sliding mode controller (AFFSMC) based power system stabilizer (PSS) is proposed for damping out low‐frequency oscillations in single machine infinite bus and multimachine power systems under various operational contingencies. The proposed stabilizer is a combination of adaptive fuzzy control with a fractional order proportional integral derivative controller and sliding mode controller. A fractional sliding surface is adopted which enables the system to remain in the proposed robust sliding surface stably to eliminate the effects of chattering at any initial conditions. In addition, fractional adaptive rules based on fuzzy sets were used for optimal selection of parameters of the controller. Here, the stability issue is addressed through Lyapunov synthesis. Speed deviation and acceleration are considered as input signals to the proposed controller. A comparative analysis of performance indices such as settling time, maximum peak overshoot is presented to demonstrate the advantages of the proposed approach. In addition, stability analysis using Eigen value, integral time absolute error and shape of demerit were also presented to augment the stability study. The simulation results confirm that the proposed AFFSMC‐PSS shows superior robust damping performance as compared to other approaches.
Hardware‐in‐the‐loop demonstration of automated demand response for distribution networks using PMU and MQTT
Authors: Jahić Admir , Hastings John , Morrow D John , Laverty David
Published: January 2021

A detailed description of an Automated Demand Response system is presented that can provide active distribution‐level voltage control, and sub‐second system‐wide frequency response services. The system is validated using a hardware‐in‐the‐loop demonstrator including synchronous machines, real and simulated Internet Protocol communications, cloud‐based computing, inexpensive measurement hardware, and state‐of‐the‐art secure IoT protocols. It is shown that a real‐time, model‐informed, demand‐response system utilising wide‐area Phasor measurement unit (PMU) data is cost effective and feasible.
Optimal control methods for drug delivery in cancerous tumour by anti‐angiogenic therapy and chemotherapy
Authors: Khalili Pariya , Zolatash Sareh , Vatankhah Ramin , Taghvaei Sajjad
Published: January 2021

There are numerous mathematical models simulating the behaviour of cancer by considering variety of states in different treatment strategies, such as chemotherapy. Among the models, one is developed which is able to consider the blood vessel‐production (angiogenesis) in the vicinity of the tumour and the effect of anti‐angiogenic therapy. In the mentioned‐model, normal cells, cancer cells, endothelial cells, chemotherapy and anti‐angiogenic agents are taking into account as state variables, and the rate of injection of the last two are considered as control inputs. Since controlling the cancerous tumour growth is a challenging matter for patient's life, the time schedule design of drug injection is very significant. Two optimal control strategies, an open‐loop (calculus of variations) and a closed‐loop (state‐dependent Riccati equation), are applied on the system in order to find an optimal time scheduling for each drug injection. By defining a proper cost function, an optimal control signal is designed for each one. Both obtained control inputs have reasonable answers, and the system is controlled eventually, but by comparing them, it is concluded that both methods have their own benefits which will be discussed in details in the conclusion section.
Multi-instrument analysis of far-ultraviolet aurora in the southern hemisphere of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
Authors: Stephenson P. , Galand M. , Feldman P. D. , Beth A. , Rubin M. , Bockelée-Morvan D. , Biver N. , Cheng Y.-C. , Parker J. , Burch J. , Johansson F. L. , Eriksson A.
Published: January 2021

Aims.We aim to determine whether dissociative excitation of cometary neutrals by electron impact is the major source of far-ultraviolet (FUV) emissions at comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko in the southern hemisphere at large heliocentric distances, both during quiet conditions and impacts of corotating interaction regions observed in the summer of 2016.

Methods.We combined multiple datasets from the Rosetta mission through a multi-instrument analysis to complete the first forward modelling of FUV emissions in the southern hemisphere of comet 67P and compared modelled brightnesses to observations with the Alice FUV imaging spectrograph. We modelled the brightness of OI1356, OI1304, Lyman-β, CI1657, and CII1335 emissions, which are associated with the dissociation products of the four major neutral species in the coma: CO2, H2O, CO, and O2. The suprathermal electron population was probed by the Ion and Electron Sensor of the Rosetta Plasma Consortium and the neutral column density was constrained by several instruments: the Rosetta Orbiter Spectrometer for Ion and Neutral Analysis (ROSINA), the Microwave Instrument for the Rosetta Orbiter and the Visual InfraRed Thermal Imaging Spectrometer.

Results.The modelled and observed brightnesses of the FUV emission lines agree closely when viewing nadir and dissociative excitation by electron impact is shown to be the dominant source of emissions away from perihelion. The CII1335 emissions are shown to be consistent with the volume mixing ratio of CO derived from ROSINA. When viewing the limb during the impacts of corotating interaction regions, the model reproduces brightnesses of OI1356 and CI1657 well, but resonance scattering in the extended coma may contribute significantly to the observed Lyman-βand OI1304 emissions. The correlation between variations in the suprathermal electron flux and the observed FUV line brightnesses when viewing the comet’s limb suggests electrons are accelerated on large scales and that they originate in the solar wind. This means that the FUV emissions are auroral in nature.
Utilization of MOSFET transistor as an electronic load to trace I-V and P-V curve of a solar panel
Authors: Asbayou Abdellah , Agdam Mohamed , Aamoume Amine , Soussi Ahmed , Ihla Ahmed , Bouhouch Lahoussine
Published: January 2021

To understand the electrical behavior of a photovoltaic panel, it is necessary to know the characteristic Ipv = f(Vpv). The best way to obtainthis I-V curve is to use a variable resistor.

This paper proposes a new and simple technique based on a MOSFET transistor as a variable load, which whose gate voltage is controlled by an RC filter from the Arduino. A comparison under standard temperature and illumination conditions between the manufacturer’s datasheet with the simulation by MATLAB/Simulink on the one hand, and on the other hand between the manufacturer’s datasheet with the experimental data for the evaluation of this technique that has been performed.
Evaluation of Bio-inspired SLAM algorithm based on a Heterogeneous System CPU-GPU
Authors: Latif Rachid , Dahmane Kaoutar , Amraoui Monir , Saddik Amine , Elouardi Abdelouahed
Published: January 2021

Localization and mapping are a real problem in robotics which has led the robotics community to propose solutions for this problem... Among the competitive axes of mobile robotics there is the autonomous navigation based on simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) algorithms: in order to have the capacity to track the localization and the cartography of robots, that give the machines the power to move in an autonomous environment. In this work we propose an implementation of the bio-inspired SLAM algorithm RatSLAM based on a heterogeneous system type CPU-GPU. The evaluation of the algorithm showed that with C/C++ we have an executing time of 170.611 ms with a processing of 5 frames/s and for the implementation on a heterogeneous system we used CUDA as language with an execution time of 160.43 ms.
FPGA-based Hardware Acceleration for SVM Machine Learning Algorithm
Authors: Fatimazahra Jakjoud , Anas Hatim , Bouaaddi Abella
Published: January 2021

object recognition algorithms are both large consumers of computing power and memory which affects the quality and performance especially when it comes to large image datasets, in this paper we propose an algorithm for fruit/plant recognition that we will accelerate it using the PYNQ Board to evaluate the execution time and the accuracy of the classifier.
Evaluation of Lateral Deviation of Distribution Dose of Therapeutic Proton Beams in Voxelized Water Phantom Using the Monte Carlo Simulation Platform GEANT4
Authors: Kaanouch Othmane , Krim Mustapha , Saad El Madani , Ghazi Ismail , Saidi Kamal , Sobhy Zineb , Tantaoui Meriem
Published: January 2021

Proton therapy as Radiotherapy a treatment modality to treat cancer due to the favorable ballistic properties of proton beams. The proton loses the majority of its energy in biological matter by interaction with the electrons of molecules by an inelastic coulomb process which is bigger and maximal in the end of the range causing ionization or excitation, also through the interaction with the nucleus which is a minimal process in biological matter. Otherwise the last process is the responsible of the lateral deviation of the protons from the center. Our work consists to calculate and evaluate the lateral scattering of the dose distribution of protons acceleration up to energies within the therapeutic window between 70 and 250 MeV using a voxelized water phantom as a 3D detector which detect and calculate the beam deposed energy and dose in any area of water phantom using Geant4 platform based on Monte-Carlo Method simulation. Results of our work are compared to the experimental references results and also to other methods of simulation results.
Study of the Energy Performance of Different PV Arrays Configurations Under Partial Shading
Authors: Elyaqouti Mustapha , Izbaim Driss , Bouhouch Lahoussine
Published: January 2021

The objective of this paper is to study the energy performance and electrical behavior of possible configurations for photovoltaic Arrays under different partial shading scenarios in order to determine the most suitable and cost effective configuration. The studied configurations in this work are: Series (S), parallel (P), series-parallel (SP), Total Cross Tied (TCT), Bridge Linked (BL) and Honey-Comb (HC). The simulation results provide information on the electrical behavior and energy efficiency of PV Arrays under different scenarios of partial shading and in uniform conditions.
Effect of Deposition Conditions on Oxide Parameters of Silicon
Authors: Merabet Souad , Alioua Ahlem
Published: January 2021

In this study, the effect of deposition conditions and the temperature thermal treatment on the oxide parameters of two structures of silicon layers were investigated. The study present the evolution of boron profiles following a dry thermal oxidation in poly-Si/SiO2/c-Si films deposited at 520°C and 605°C temperatures and thermally oxidized in dry oxygen at respectively temperature 840°C, 945°C and 1050°C for tr=1h33’duration. The results show that the deposition conditions and the temperature treatment make a very important impact on the obtained films, which affect the redistribution and localization of dopants. It has been observed that the obtained value of the linear and the parabolic rate constant, the diffusion coefficient and the oxidation thickness are higher in the films deposited at Td = 520°C than those deposited at Td = 605°C. Also, the X-ray diffraction is strongly affected by the oxide thickness deposited between poly-silicon layers and crystalline substrates.
Frequency and Temperature Effects on Dielectric Properties of PEDOT-VC Copolymer
Authors: Ninis Ouafae , Bouachrine Mohammed , Abarkan Mustapha
Published: January 2021

The copolymer based on Poly(3, 4-Ethylene dioxythiophen) and Poly(n-Vinylcarbazole) was characterized by FTIR and Raman spectroscopy. The temperature and frequency evolutions of dielectric parameters are also plotted and studied. The dependence of ε” on the temperature shows relaxation process for studied copolymer especially with frequencies about 1kHz for the temperatures: 90°C < T < 118°C. The values of ε’∞, ε’’MAX, relaxation time and DC conductivity corresponding to the copolymer are also determined with the aim to provide dielectric analysis involving vital information about this new polymeric compound.
Multi-task Learning for Intrusion Detection and Analysis of Computer Network Traffic
Authors: Aljoufi Reem , Lasebae Aboubaker
Published: January 2021

Accurate identification of malicious computer network traffic is a challenging task for a number of reasons. This is especially highlighted when a new type of attack is launched because the amount of available data that belongs to this attack can be scarce. Having small amounts of such data makes understanding the behaviour of traffic and building models to accurately discover it more difficult. In this paper we present a novel classification method based on multi-task learning for the accurate identification of malicious network traffic even when little amount of training data is available. We show the effectiveness of our method by carrying out several experiments and comparisons with existing methods using open source data. Our results show that our method outperforms those methods especially when training data is scarce. Particularly, it achieves accuracy values of 98.51% and 99.76% on two computer network traffic dataset settings, whereas a start-ofthe-art algorithm achieves accuracy values of 93.56% and 96.25% on the same settings.
Experimental Analysis of an Air Storage Tank in Wind Driven Ventilation System
Authors: Streckienė Giedrė , Bielskus Juozas , Rimdžius Dovydas , Martinaitis Vytautas , Motuzienė Violeta
Published: January 2021

With the growing demand for energy efficient HVAC systems and integration of renewable energy sources, existing energy transformers are being improved and new solutions are being sought. Various energy storage technologies are applied to solve unpredictable renewable energy flows. This paper investigates an innovative ventilation system with roof turbine ventilator and variable volume isobaric air tank, which is used to store an excessive wind energy. The study focuses mainly on isobaric air storage tank operation. The experimental results of the tank charging and discharging processes under different operation conditions are presented. These conditions include different weights placed on the top of the storage and air flow rates in the wind tunnel. The operation of the tank during one windy day in chosen location is studied. The obtained data showed the initial results of the operation of the developed ventilation system and possible modifications in order to improve its functionality.
Farmer’s perception on the role of babinsa in program of upsus pajale
Authors: Tri Astuti Bekti , Wijianto Arip , Rusdiana Eksa
Published: January 2021

This research aimed to analyze farmer’s perception on the role of village supervisory non-commissioned officers (Babinsa) in the implementation of special effort program for improving rice, corn and soybean production (Upsus Pajale), to analyze the factors affecting farmer’s perception on the role of Babinsa in the implementation of special effort program for improving rice, corn and soybean production (Upsus Pajale), and to analyze the relationship between factor affecting farmer’s perception and farmer’s perception on the role of Babinsa in the implementation of special effort program for improving rice, corn and soybean production (Upsus Pajale). The research took place in Sukoharjo regency because Sukoharjo Regency has implemented the Upsus Pajale program and has collaborated with Babinsa for facilitation in each village. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling. The data analysis was carried out using Spearman’s rank correlational test. The result of research showed that farmer’s perception on the role of Babinsa as motivator, facilitator, and supervisor belongs to moderate or neutral category; the factors affecting farmer’s perception are need, mentality and emotionality, closeness, and cultural background, all of which affect significantly farmers' perceptions on the role of Babinsa in the implementation of Upsus Pajale
Analysis of economic potential areas based on farming agricultural sector in the border area of Sangihe Island Regency
Authors: Kairupan Agustinus N. , Manoppo Conny
Published: January 2021

Various potentials and challenges in agricultural development in the border region are expected to managed and overcome properly. The participation of all parties, is needed to support this sector. The purpose of study was to determine the basic food crop agricultural commodities that have fast growth and competitiveness in the border region of North Sulawesi. This study uses analytical methods with secondary data. The data analysis determined changes in the structure or performance of the regional economy against higher economic structures (provincial or national) is the location quotient analysis (LQ). To determine the performance or productivity of the work of the local economy by comparing it with the larger using Shift Share Analysis (SSA). The results showed that the most superior commodity and the base in the Sangihe Islands Regency was sweet potato with the LQ value of 12.64, cassava 9.1and peanut 2.96. The results of the Shift Share analysis show that the six agricultural commodities of food crops (lowland rice, dry rice, cassava, sweet potato, peanuts) have not been able to growth in the food crop agriculture sector because it has slow growth.
Evaluate the Factors Related to the Level of Community Satisfaction on Community Empowerment Activities
Authors: Slamet Widodo Aris
Published: January 2021

This research aims to analyze the empowerment programs, activities and evaluate the factors related to the level of community satisfaction towards empowerment program. Location of the study was determined by purposive method in the Karangsari Village, Sapuran District, Wonosobo Regency. Respondents in this study were 26 people who were taken by purposive which is the community that received the empowerment program. The correlation analysis (rank spearman) is used to determine the relation between factors with the level of community satisfaction. The results of the analysis showed that most of the programs implemented were about waste management, where the empowerment activities carried out were mostly socialization, and the beneficiary community in the empowerment program were the general public. Factors related to satisfaction level such as accuracy of innovation, problem solving assistance, community confidence in the success of the program and community perception that empowerment gives positive values in the form of new knowledge, changes in behavior and attitudes, and can improve the economy The accuracy of the innovation, the mentoring process, the belief in the success of the program and the added value has a correlation with the level of community satisfaction with the 99% confidence level.
Critical Point of View: The Challenges of Agricultural Sector on Governance and Food Security in Indonesia
Authors: Setiartiti Lilies
Published: January 2021

This critical review evaluates the agriculture sector’s challenges by assessing the agriculture sector related to government food security policies. The agriculture sector faces many problems, including during 2019 it only grew by 3.08% than the previous year, as the second GDP contributor, although it has the potential to reduce unemployment, it has not been supported by adequate human resources and even tends to degeneration due to the lowest income compared to others. Another serious problem is that every year, there is a reduction of between 150,000 to 200,000 hectares of land due to conversion of function for infrastructure development. As an agrarian country, Indonesian farmers’ welfare has also not changed much from year to year. Farmers Exchange Rate (NTP) in 2019 was 104.46, only growing 1.25% from the previous year. The low wages of agricultural laborers, limited land ownership, agricultural products’ selling price do not benefit the farmers, making their welfare still low. With this phenomenon, Indonesia urgently needs to reform its governance in the agricultural sector, and restore BULOG’s role. Strengthening the Bulog’s role will be able to maintain food price stability and motivate farmers' interest to continue planting rice and various other food commodities.
Farmers’s Choice to Risk Management Strategies of Corn Farming in Sigi District Central Sulawesi
Authors: SP Rahayu Heni , Dewi Mardiana , Febrianti Tina
Published: January 2021

Corn has a very significant contribution in the national economy as one of main food crop commodities. As a strategic commodity, corn has big potency even in covid-19 pandemic time, corn relatively resilient compare to other commodities in Central Sulawesi.

However the level of corn productivity will relate to the adoption of technology and the farmers’s choices to cope with risk, both production and marketing. Therefore, the study aims to know farmers’s choices to corn farming risk management strategies. A survey had been conducted to 75 respondents across the three districts in Sigi Central Sulawesi, and a quantitative analysis approach was applied in the study. Data were analyzed using descriptive and multinomial logit analysis. The result showed that mostly of the corn farmers have no spesific risk management strategy due to the limit of information and awareness. While a second number already aware but not use spesific strategies. The rest of respondents have adopted certain strategies for managing risk but not compensatory for marketing’s risk yet. Some farmers gave credence to engage with the not formal contract or middleman as buyers and supplier

for the production input and thus, becoming vulnerable position for the farmers. Variables that significantly gave effect on the choice of risk management strategies are: education, farm size, activity in farmer group, alternative commodity, and propensity to take a risk.
Local Wisdom for Sustainable Rural Tourism: The Case Study of North Tugu Village, West Java Indonesia
Authors: Nofiyanti Fifi , Zulyanti Nasution Deivy , Octarina Dian , Agie Pradhipta R.M.W.
Published: January 2021

This study aims to discuss local wisdom for the development of sustainable rural tourism in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. Culture that was grown in some area and society can’t be lost because of the development of era. This case study was conducted to find out the local wisdom in Tugu Utara Village, so that it can be used as a tourist attraction. This is expected to be developed into a sustainable tourism village in Bogor. The methodology in this research is qualitative with ethnography. This study found that: economic viability in the village is classified as an entrepreneurial community and tourism actors; local prosperity in the village including prosperous areas of mountainous natural resources, hills, and plantations (tea and coffee); visitor fulfillment; employment quality (villagers serve very friendly); social equity; local control (local culture is still developed in the village and has a characteristic "punten" culture that is courtesy); community wellbeing; cultural richness (culture in the village is still very applied, such as the use and speech of Sundanese language, applying the greeting "punten"); physical integrity (integrity and enthusiasm of young people to build a high village); biological diversity (diversity in villages such as); resource efficiency; environmental purity (nature presented is still beautiful, natural, and cool). The recipient application of this research study is the people of North Tugu Village, especially the tourism village managers.
Fucoxanthin, A Xanthophyll from Macro- and Microalgae: Extraction Techniques, Bioactivities and Their Potential Application in Nutra- and Cosmeceutical Industries
Authors: Noviendri Dedi , Fithriani Diini , Hasrini Reno F.
Published: January 2021

Some works of literature reported that fucoxanthin has diverse potential benefits for human health. Thus, this review would explain the sources of fucoxanthin, extraction techniques, bioactivities, and its potential application in Nutra- and cosmeceutical industries. Brown algae, such asPadina australis,Undaria pinnatifida; and the microalgae, such asChaetoceros gracilis,Phaeodactylum tricornutumwere sources of fucoxanthin. Then, the chemical structure of this xanthophyll is unique and that confers its biological activities. And then, the extraction process of fucoxanthin from macro- and microalgae is more safe, accessible, and economic, although this xanthophyll can be synthesized chemically. Generally, there are two techniques for the extraction of fucoxanthin, namely liquid solvent (conventional), and supercritical carbon dioxide (non-conventional) extractions. Furthermore, there are some bioactivities of fucoxanthin, including its activities of anticancer, antidiabetic, antiobesity, antioxidant; protective effects of skin, bone, and eyes. Based onin vivoassay of the animal, it has no adverse effects of fucoxanthin supplementation. Therefore, this xanthophyll might be applied in both the Nutra- and cosmeceutical industries. In the future, fucoxanthin and its derivatives would be important for human health, contributing to the beauty industry, and playing an important in the prevention of cancer and the disease related to lifestyle.
The Effectiveness of Rice Straw Based Compost on Potato Production as a Basis of Organic Farming System in North Sulawesi Indonesia
Authors: Salamba Herlina N. , Erik Malia Ibrahim , Ardan Miftahulhair
Published: January 2021

An experiment to observe the influence of compost by ricestraw in potato production has been conducted in North Sulawesi from April to October 2015. Therefore this research was conducted with the objectives: (1) to find out the effects of rice straw-based compost compared to manure on potato production; and (2) to ensure the use of compost without inorganic fertilizer in the potato-based farming system as a basis of organic farming system in the production center of potato in Western Indonesia. The treatments were designed into CRBD proceeded to the Least Significant Difference Test (LSD test). Six treatments were applied, A=Compost 20 t.ha-1 plus inorganic fertilizer; B= Manure 20 t.ha-1 plus inorganic fertilizer; C= Compost 20 t.ha-1 without inorganic fertilizer; D= Compost 12 t.ha-1 plus inorganic fertilizer E= Compost 12 t.ha-1 without inorganic fertilizer and F= Manure 5 t.ha-1 plus inorganic fertilizer. Parameters tested show that the treatments of compost have advantages compared with the manure treatment. This related to the nutrients composition of straw rich especially potassium. Treatment A (Compost 20 t.ha-1 + inorganic fertilizers) is not significantly different from treatment C compost 20 t.ha-1 without inorganic fertilizers) in almost parameters except tuber weight of Grade #1 (industry purposes), describing the potency of the organic agricultural system of potato by using compost rice straw based. However, the organic agricultural system economically could be applied by the farmer as well as ease to get the materials. It also provides sustainable agricultural practices in the production center of a potato.
Finite Element Analysis Study on Lattice Structure Fabricated Using Corn Husk Fibre Reinforced Recycled Polystyrene Composite
Authors: Sulaiman Mohammed Shariff Mohamed , Koay Seong Chun , Chan Ming Yeng , Choo Hui Leng , Pang Ming Meng , Ong Thai Kiat
Published: January 2021

This research investigated the lattice structure fabricated using corn husk fibre reinforced recycled polystyrene composite using Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The material’s properties of this composite material were obtained from previous study. Then, the lattice structure of lattice structure was created using Creo® software and the FEA simulation was done by ANSYS software. In this study, the lattice structures were created using triangular prism and hexagonal prism. The analysis was divided into two conditions: 1) lattice structure with different prism shape and similar surface area, 2) lattice structure with varies of strut thickness and 3) lattice structure with different prism shape and similar lattice parameter. The results show the lattice structure with triangular prism have more structural integrity than hexagonal prism. Then, lattice structure with triangular prism can be built with lesser material but stronger and stiffer than lattice structure with hexagonal prism.
The Effect of Supply and Outdoor Air Temperature on The Enthalpy and Temperature Exchange Efficiency of a Paper Heat Exchanger
Authors: Heng Teoh Zhi , Al-Obaidi Abudulkareem Sh. Mahdi , Meng Chin Wai , Ling Neng Hui Kenny James
Published: January 2021

Heat Recovery Ventilator (VHR) is widely used nowadays as it is capable to maintain high Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) while minimizing the energy loss of indoor air through air-to-air heat exchanger principle. The main component that enables VHR to perform air-to-air heat exchange is known as Paper Heat Exchanger (PP-HEX). Hence, the objective of this research is to study and analyse the performance of a PP-HEX under different return and outdoor air temperatures as well as their effect on both enthalpy and temperature exchange efficiency. Moreover, some numerical models of VHR have been developed to optimize some complex cases and the numerical models are meant to reduce the physical experiments to analyze or improve complex cases in the future. To the best of the authors knowledge, there is no experimental data available from any sources to validate the numerical models. To address this issue, two different supplies of PP-HEX are tested with an actual VHR, and both PP-HEXs will be referred to as PP-HEX-A and PP-HEX-B due to confidentiality. Furthermore, the testing is conducted in a temperature-controlled testing laboratory and the testing conditions are set according to the ISO standard. The preliminary testing results show that the temperature exchange efficiency and enthalpy exchange efficiency of the PP-HEXs have the same trends while the outdoor air temperature is fixed and varying the temperature of indoor air. In contrary, the temperature exchange efficiency and enthalpy exchange efficiency of the PP-HEXs have the same trends while the indoor air temperature is fixed and varying the temperature of outdoor air as well. With the default voltage supplies (240V) to VHR and the setup conditions (according to the ISO Standard) of return air to be 27°C and outdoor air to be 35°C, the testing results show that PP-HEX-A has a temperature exchange efficiency and enthalpy exchange efficiency with a range of (37.97 – 40.28) % and (30.77 – 57.81) % respectively. While PP-HEX-B has a temperature exchange efficiency and enthalpy exchange efficiency with a range of (35.29 – 42.5) % and (39.6 – 55.93) % respectively.
Bicycle Powered Mobile Phone Charger
Authors: Alwyn Yip Winn Sheng , Faizal Mohd
Published: January 2021

The invention of electricity has become an essential part of every aspect of the society globally. With the increasing demand for the electrical appliance and electronic gadgets, this has also increased the consumption of energy significantly. As a result, we experience power outage which causes huge losses to industries. Hence, this research address if it is sustainable to use alternative energy in the form of bicycle power to charge a mobile phone. Bicycle power is a form of renewable energy that does not require the burning of fossil fuel to generate energy. The objective of this study is to design a mobile phone charger electrical circuit which consist of the integration of electrical components. Subsequently, the energy and power consumption between the conventional charging method and pedal powered charger can be assessed. This analysis is done to determine if pedal power is an economically sustainable solution to generate electricity. In this analysis, three selected dynamos hubs were assessed based on the performance data during low, medium, and high speed. The relationship between voltage, power speed, and time were obtained from the performance data and calculations. The chosen dynamo hub was the mid-range model, Shimano DH-3D72 which produces sufficient power at low and high speed to charge the mobile phone. The next analysis was the DC-DC converter topology which was essential to ensure that the output voltage was capped at 5V. The results have shown that a SEPIC converter was chosen based on the designed electrical circuit and application used. The third analysis was the selection of ultracapacitor which was needed to store energy during high speed and discharge energy during low speed. The selected ultracapacitor was justified with relevant calculations and further simulated in an analog circuit software, LTSpice XVII. All the selected electrical components were integrated to form a complete electrical circuit and were simulated under various inputs condition. The outcome of the results shown that the efficiency of the charging system was improved by 30%. The payback period for this system would require only 406 days which is equivalent to 1.1 years.
Micro-organismes anti-cancéreux et armement
Authors: Coënon Loïs , Battistoni Arthur , Poupée-Beaugé Agathe , Germon Stéphanie , Dimier-Poisson Isabelle
Published: January 2021

Depuis plusieurs années, la recherche sur les micro-organismes pour une utilisation à des fins d’immunothérapie antitumorale est en plein essor. L’efficacité antitumorale de ces micro-organismes repose sur trois mécanismes principaux : la destruction des cellules tumorales, la stimulation du système immunitaire et la reprogrammation du microenvironnement tumoral. Afin d’optimiser leur action immunothérapeutique, ces micro-organismes peuvent être génétiquement modifiés pour les rendre capables de vectoriser des molécules immunostimulantes ou des anticorps. Par ingénierie moléculaire, il est désormais possible de diversifier les formats et fonctions de ces anticorps afin d’inhiber les points de contrôle immunitaire ou encore de recruter les cellules immunitaires effectrices au site de la tumeur. Cette Synthèse s’intéresse particulièrement à ces innovations et à leurs avantages en immunothérapie.
Un analogue du glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) administré par voie orale
Authors: Larger Étienne
Published: January 2021

Le sémaglutide est le premier peptide à avoir reçu une autorisation européenne de mise sur le marché, pour une administration quotidienne par voie orale dans le traitement du diabète de type 2. La molécule active est identique à celle qui est déjà commercialisée pour une administration hebdomadaire par voie sous-cutanée. Elle est associée à un nouvel excipent, qui la protège de la dégradation par la pepsine gastrique et permet son absorption dans l’estomac. Cet article présente les caractéristiques pharmacologiques du médicament dans sa nouvelle formulation, ainsi qu’une analyse critique des résultats des principaux essais cliniques de phase III dans lesquels elle a été testée.
Applying a Taguchi-based fuzzy logic approach to optimize hydrothermal pretreatment of canola seeds using multi-response performance index
Authors: Sánchez Ramiro J. , Blas María J. , Fernández María B. , Nolasco Susana M.
Published: January 2021

The Taguchi method with fuzzy logic was applied for optimizing the hydrothermal pretreatment of canola with multiple performance responses (oil extraction yield, free acidity and peroxide index) using published data. The canola seeds had been subjected to hydrothermal pretreatments using steam in an autoclave whose base was perforated, under different conditions of temperature (100, 120 and 130 °C), time (5, 15 and 30 min) and granulometry (entire, broken and ground seeds), and the responses were measured as performance characteristics of the process. The output value that represents the responses was called multi-response performance index (MRPI), and the significance of the experimental factors was analyzed by ANOVA. A confirmation test of the optimum parameters was carried out to verify the optimum parameters, obtaining a predicted MRPI of 0.588, while the experimental value was of 0.849, and the MRPI calculated using the predicted values from the literature was of 0.577.
Bipolar Disorder and Outcomes of Monotherapy with Lithium, Valproate, Quetiapine, Olanzapine, Venlafaxine, and Citalopram
Authors: Bohlken Jens , Riedel-Heller Steffi , Bauer Michael , Kostev Karel
Published: January 2021

Introduction The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of monotherapy in individuals with bipolar disorder who are prescribed lithium, valproate, quetiapine, olanzapine, venlafaxine, or citalopram in private psychiatric practices in Germany.

Methods This retrospective study included bipolar disorder patients who had initially started on a monotherapy with lithium, valproate, quetiapine, olanzapine, venlafaxine, or citalopram in 93 private neuropsychiatric practices in Germany between January 2006 and December 2017. Treatment failure was defined as time to discontinuation of medication or addition of another mood stabilizer, antipsychotic, antidepressant, or benzodiazepine.

Results A total of 4990 bipolar patients was examined for the period between 2006 and 2019. Initially, monotherapy with lithium (n=1.098), valproate (n=502), quetiapine (n=927), olanzapine (n=927), venlafaxine (n=574), or citalopram (n=962) was prescribed. Within 24 months, treatment failure had occurred in 76.3% (lithium), 85.1% (valproate), 84.6% (quetiapine), 85.2% (venlafaxine), 92.1% (olanzapine), and 86.6% (citalopram) of patients, respectively. The hazard ratio for treatment failure compared to lithium as reference was highest for olanzapine at 1.66 (1.46–1.88), followed by citalopram 1.27 (1.15–1.39), quetiapine 1.18 (1.07–1.29), valproate 1.18 (1.06–1.33), and venlafaxine 1.14 (1.02–1.27).

Conclusions Our results underline the importance of lithium in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorders.
Hydroxylamines as One-Atom Nitrogen Sources for Metal-Catalyzed Cycloadditions
Authors: Luan Xinjun , Yu Jingxun
Published: January 2021

Transition-metal-catalyzed C–N bond formation is one of the most important pathways to synthesize N-heterocycles. Hydroxylamines can be transformed into a nucleophilic reagent to react with a carbon cation or coordinate with a transition metal; it can also become an electrophilic nitrogen source to react with arenes, alkenes, and alkynes. In this short review, the progress made on transition-metal-catalyzed cycloadditions with hydroxylamines as a nitrogen source is summarized.

1 Introduction

2 Cycloaddition To Form Aziridine Derivatives

2.1 Intramolecular Cycloaddition To Form Aziridine Derivatives

2.2 Intermolecular Cycloaddition To Form Aziridine Derivatives

3 Cycloaddition To Form Indole Derivatives

4 Cycloaddition To Form Other N-Heterocycles

4.1 Aza-Heck-Type Amination Reactions

4.2 Nitrene Insertion Amination Reactions

4.3 Intramolecular Nucleophilic and Electrophilic Amination Reactions

5 Conclusion and Outlook
Nickel-Catalyzed Intramolecular Nucleophilic Addition of Aryl Halides to Aryl Ketones for the Synthesis of Benzofuran Derivatives
Authors: Deng Chen-Liang , Zhu Xiao-Rui
Published: January 2021

A nickel-catalyzed intramolecular nucleophilic addition reaction of aryl halides to aryl ketones for the formation of benzofuran derivatives has been developed. A number of substrates bearing electron-donating or electron-withdrawing groups were subjected to the standard reaction conditions, giving the corresponding products in moderate to good yields.