bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Typology for Learning: Examining How Academic Makerspaces Support Learning for Students
Authors: Tomko Megan , Alemán Melissa , Nagel Robert , Newstetter Wendy , Linsey Julie
Published: June 2023

While advances have been made in studying engineering design learning in the classroom, to date, such advances have not addressed hands-on, real-world learning experiences in university makerspaces. Our particular interest was how such spaces support women engineers as designers, learners, makers, and community members. To investigate this, we initially completed two qualitative interview studies: (1) a three-series in-depth phenomenologically based interview methodology with five women students and (2) a targeted, single interview protocol with 15 women students. The in-depth interviews were analyzed using grounded theory techniques and coding methods as a means to develop a typology. To explore the broader applicability of the findings, 19 additional interviews (five women and five men at Big City U.; four women and five men at Comprehensive U.) were also completed. Overall, makerspaces are confirmed to help provide women students with a diverse skillset that engages design, manufacturing, cultural knowledge, failure, collaboration, confidence, resilience, communication management, and ingenuity.
Altered fear engram encoding underlying conditioned versus unconditioned stimulus–initiated memory updating
Authors: Teng Shuai-Wen , Wang Xin-Rong , Du Bo-Wen , Chen Xiao-Lin , Fu Guan-Zhou , Liu Yun-Fei , Xu Shu-Qi , Shuai Jia-Chen , Chen Zhe-Yu
Published: June 2023

It is known that post-retrieval extinction but not extinction alone could erase fear memory. However, whether the coding pattern of original fear engrams is remodeled or inhibited remains largely unclear. We found increased reactivation of engram cells in the prelimbic cortex and basolateral amygdala during memory updating. Moreover, conditioned stimulus– and unconditioned stimulus–initiated memory updating depends on the engram cell reactivation in the prelimbic cortex and basolateral amygdala, respectively. Last, we found that memory updating causes increased overlapping between fear and extinction cells, and the original fear engram encoding was altered during memory updating. Our data provide the first evidence to show the overlapping ensembles between fear and extinction cells and the functional reorganization of original engrams underlying conditioned stimulus– and unconditioned stimulus–initiated memory updating.
Giant tidal tails of helium escaping the hot Jupiter HAT-P-32 b
Authors: Zhang Zhoujian , Morley Caroline V. , Gully-Santiago Michael , MacLeod Morgan , Oklopčić Antonija , Luna Jessica , Tran Quang H. , Ninan Joe P. , Mahadevan Suvrath , Krolikowski Daniel M. , Cochran William D. , Bowler Brendan P. , Endl Michael , Stefánsson Gudmundur , Tofflemire Benjamin M. , Vanderburg Andrew , Zeimann Gregory R.
Published: June 2023

Capturing planets in the act of losing their atmospheres provides rare opportunities to probe their evolution history. This analysis has been enabled by observations of the helium triplet at 10,833 angstrom, but past studies have focused on the narrow time window right around the planet’s optical transit. We monitored the hot Jupiter HAT-P-32 b using high-resolution spectroscopy from the Hobby-Eberly Telescope covering the planet’s full orbit. We detected helium escaping HAT-P-32 b at a 14σ significance,with extended leading and trailing tails spanning a projected length over 53 times the planet’s radius. These tails are among the largest known structures associated with an exoplanet. We interpret our observations using three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations, which predict Roche Lobe overflow with extended tails along the planet’s orbital path.
A CMOS-based highly scalable flexible neural electrode interface
Authors: Zhao Eric T. , Hull Jacob M. , Mintz Hemed Nofar , Uluşan Hasan , Bartram Julian , Zhang Anqi , Wang Pingyu , Pham Albert , Ronchi Silvia , Huguenard John R. , Hierlemann Andreas , Melosh Nicholas A.
Published: June 2023

Perception, thoughts, and actions are encoded by the coordinated activity of large neuronal populations spread over large areas. However, existing electrophysiological devices are limited by their scalability in capturing this cortex-wide activity. Here, we developed an electrode connector based on an ultra-conformable thin-film electrode array that self-assembles onto silicon microelectrode arrays enabling multithousand channel counts at a millimeter scale. The interconnects are formed using microfabricated electrode pads suspended by thin support arms, termed Flex2Chip. Capillary-assisted assembly drives the pads to deform toward the chip surface, and van der Waals forces maintain this deformation, establishing Ohmic contact. Flex2Chip arrays successfully measured extracellular action potentials ex vivo and resolved micrometer scale seizure propagation trajectories in epileptic mice. We find that seizure dynamics in absence epilepsy in the
Scn8a
+/−
model do not have constant propagation trajectories.
Tumor-associated fibrosis impairs immune surveillance and response to immune checkpoint blockade in non–small cell lung cancer
Authors: Herzog Brett H. , Baer John M. , Borcherding Nicholas , Kingston Natalie L. , Belle Jad I. , Knolhoff Brett L. , Hogg Graham D. , Ahmad Faiz , Kang Liang-I , Petrone Jessica , Lin Chieh-Yu , Govindan Ramaswamy , DeNardo David G.
Published: June 2023

Non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Immune checkpoint blockade has improved survival for many patients with NSCLC, but most fail to obtain long-term benefit. Understanding the factors leading to reduced immune surveillance in NSCLC is critical in improving patient outcomes. Here, we show that human NSCLC harbors large amounts of fibrosis that correlates with reduced T cell infiltration. In murine NSCLC models, the induction of fibrosis led to increased lung cancer progression, impaired T cell immune surveillance, and failure of immune checkpoint blockade efficacy. Associated with these changes, we observed that fibrosis leads to numerically and functionally impaired dendritic cells and altered macrophage phenotypes that likely contribute to immunosuppression. Within cancer-associated fibroblasts, distinct changes within the
Col13a1
-expressing population suggest that these cells produce chemokines to recruit macrophages and regulatory T cells while limiting recruitment of dendritic cells and T cells. Targeting fibrosis through transforming growth factor–β receptor signaling overcame the effects of fibrosis to enhance T cell responses and improved the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade but only in the context of chemotherapy. Together, these data suggest that fibrosis in NSCLC leads to reduced immune surveillance and poor responsiveness to checkpoint blockade and highlight antifibrotic therapies as a candidate strategy to overcome immunotherapeutic resistance.
The evolution of mini-chromosomes in the fungal genus
Colletotrichum
Authors: Wang Haoming , Huang Rong , Ren Jingyi , Tang Lihua , Huang Suiping , Chen Xiaolin , Fan Jun , Li Bintao , Wang Qinhu , Hsiang Tom , Liu Huiquan , Li Qili
Published: June 2023

Anthracnose diseases caused by
Colletotrichum
species are among the most common fungal diseases. These symptoms typically manifest as dark, sunken lesions on leaves, stems, and fruit. In China, mango anthracnose seriously affects fruit yield and quality. Genome sequencing of several species shows the presence of mini-chromosomes. These are thought to contribute to virulence, but their formation and activity remain to be fully elucidated. Here, we assembled 17
Colletotrichum
genomes (16 isolated from mango plus one from persimmon) through PacBio long-read sequencing. Half of the assembled scaffolds had telomeric repeats at both ends indicating full-length chromosomes. Based on comparative genomics analysis at interspecies and intraspecies levels, we identified extensive chromosomal rearrangements events. We analyzed mini-chromosomes of
Colletotrichum
spp. and found large variation among close relatives. In
C. fructicola
, homology between core chromosomes and mini-chromosomes suggested that some mini-chromosomes were generated by recombination of core chromosomes. In
C. musae
GZ23-3, we found 26 horizontally transferred genes arranged in clusters on mini-chromosomes. In
C. asianum
FJ11-1, several potential pathogenesis-related genes on mini-chromosomes were upregulated, especially in strains with highly pathogenic phenotypes. Mutants of these upregulated genes showed obvious defects in virulence. Our findings provide insights into the evolution and potential relationships to virulence associated with mini-chromosomes.

IMPORTANCE

Colletotrichum
is a cosmopolitan fungal genus that seriously affects fruit yield and quality of many plant species. Mini-chromosomes have been found to be related to virulence in
Colletotrichum
. Further examination of mini-chromosomes can help us elucidate some pathogenic mechanisms of
Colletotrichum
. In this study, we generated novel assemblies of several
Colletotrichum
strains. Comparative genomic analyses within and between
Colletotrichum
species were conducted. We then identified mini-chromosomes in our sequenced strains systematically. The characteristics and generation of mini-chromosomes were investigated. Transcriptome analysis and gene knockout revealed pathogenesis-related genes located on mini-chromosomes of
C. asianum
FJ11-1. This study represents the most comprehensive investigation of chromosome evolution and potential pathogenicity of mini-chromosomes in the
Colletotrichum
genus.
Spatial organization and proteome of a dual-species cyanobacterial biofilm alter among N
2
-fixing and non-fixing conditions
Authors: Bozan Mahir , Schmidt Matthias , Musat Niculina , Schmid Andreas , Adrian Lorenz , Bühler Katja
Published: June 2023

Many disciplines have become increasingly interested in cyanobacteria, due to their ability to fix CO
2
while using water and sunlight as electron and energy sources. Further, several species of cyanobacteria are also capable of fixing molecular nitrogen, making them independent of the addition of nitrate or ammonia. Thereby they hold huge potential as sustainable biocatalysts. Here, we look into a dual-species biofilm consisting of filamentous diazotrophic cyanobacteria
Tolypothrix
sp. PCC 7712 and heterotrophic bacteria
Pseudomonas taiwanensis
VLB 120 growing in a capillary biofilm reactor. Such systems have been reported to enable high cell densities continuous process operation. By combining confocal laser scanning and helium-ion microscopy with a proteomics approach, we examined these organisms’ interactions under two nitrogen-feeding strategies: N
2
-fixing and nitrate assimilation. Not only did
Pseudomonas
facilitate the biofilm formation by forming a carpet layer on the surface area but also did N
2
-fixing biofilms show greater attachment to the surface.
Pseudomonas
proteins related to surface and cell attachments were observed in N
2
-fixing biofilms in particular. Furthermore, co-localized biofilm cells displayed a resilient response to extra shear forces induced by segmented media/air flows. This study highlights the role of
Pseudomonas
in the initial attachment process, as well as the effects of different nitrogen-feeding strategies and operation regimes on biofilm composition and growth.

IMPORTANCE

Cyanobacteria are highly interesting microorganisms due to their ability to synthesize sugars from CO
2
while using water and sunlight as electron and energy sources. Further, many species are also capable of utilizing molecular nitrogen, making them independent of artificial fertilizers. In this study, such organisms are cultivated in a technical system, which enables them to attach to the reactor surface, and form three-dimensional structures termed biofilms. Biofilms achieve extraordinarily high cell densities. Furthermore, this growth format allows for continuous processing, both being essential features in biotechnological process development. Understanding biofilm growth and the influence technical settings and media composition have on biofilm maturation and stability are crucial for reaction and reactor design. These findings will help to open up these fascinating organisms for applications as sustainable, resource-efficient industrial workhorses.
Comparison between the Roche Cobas 4800 Human Papillomavirus (HPV), Abbott RealTime High-Risk HPV, Seegene Anyplex II HPV28, and Novel Seegene Allplex HPV28 Assays for High-Risk HPV Detection and Genotyping in Mocked Self-Samples
Authors: Bell Margo , Verberckmoes Bo , Devolder Janne , Vermandere Heleen , Degomme Olivier , Guimarães Yasmin Medeiros , Godoy Luani Rezende , Ambrosino Elena , Cools Piet , Padalko Elizaveta
Published: June 2023

This study proves that the novel Allplex HPV28 assay has a good diagnostic performance in comparison with the well-known, validated, and frequently used Roche Cobas 4800, Abbott RealTime, and Anyplex II HPV28 assays. According to our experience, the novel Allplex HPV28 assay had a user-friendly and automated workflow with short hands-on time, had an open platform which facilitates the use of add-on assays, and provided quick and easy-to-interpret results.
Use of pulse oximetry as an investigative test for paediatric respiratory sleep disorders
Authors: Everitt Lucy , Roberts Phoebe , Evans Hazel J
Published: June 2023

The article covers the following elements: practical and technological considerations for optimising data collection and output; reference ranges for oximetry parameters across the ages; things to consider when interpreting a pulse oximetry study (eg, sleep/wake times); the ability of pulse oximetry to predict obstructive sleep apnoea; using oximetry as a screening tool for sleep disordered breathing in children with Down syndrome; things to consider when setting up a home oximetry service; and a case of an infant being weaned from oxygen using pulse oximetry studies.
Transient depersonalisation/derealisation syndrome from tramadol
Authors: Thumtecho Suthimon , Wainipitapong Sorawit , Tantakitti Polpat
Published: June 2023

Depersonalisation/derealisation (DD) syndrome is often associated with severe traumatic experiences and the use of certain medications. Our patient reported experiencing a transient DD phenomenon a few hours after taking 37.5 mg of tramadol, together with etoricoxib, acetaminophen and eperisone. His symptoms subsided upon tramadol discontinuation, suggesting the possibility of tramadol-induced DD. A study of the patient’s cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2D6 polymorphism, which mainly metabolises tramadol, indicated normal metaboliser status with reduced function. The concomitant administration of the CYP2D6 inhibitor, etoricoxib, would have led to higher concentrations of the serotonergic parent tramadol, providing an explanation for the patient’s symptoms.
Risk of admission to hospital with arterial or venous thromboembolism among patients diagnosed in the ambulatory setting with covid-19 compared with influenza: retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lo Re Vincent , Dutcher Sarah K , Connolly John G , Perez-Vilar Silvia , Carbonari Dena M , DeFor Terese A , Djibo Djeneba Audrey , Harrington Laura B , Hou Laura , Hennessy Sean , Hubbard Rebecca A , Kempner Maria E , Kuntz Jennifer L , McMahill-Walraven Cheryl N , Mosley Jolene , Pawloski Pamala A , Petrone Andrew B , Pishko Allyson M , Rogers Driscoll Meighan , Steiner Claudia A , Zhou Yunping , Cocoros Noelle M
Published: June 2023

Objective

To measure the 90 day risk of arterial thromboembolism and venous thromboembolism among patients diagnosed with covid-19 in the ambulatory (ie, outpatient, emergency department, or institutional) setting during periods before and during covid-19 vaccine availability and compare results to patients with ambulatory diagnosed influenza.

Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Setting

Four integrated health systems and two national health insurers in the US Food and Drug Administration's Sentinel System.

Participants

Patients with ambulatory diagnosed covid-19 when vaccines were unavailable in the US (period 1, 1 April-30 November 2020; n=272 065) and when vaccines were available in the US (period 2, 1 December 2020-31 May 2021; n=342 103), and patients with ambulatory diagnosed influenza (1 October 2018-30 April 2019; n=118 618).

Main outcome measures

Arterial thromboembolism (hospital diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction or ischemic stroke) and venous thromboembolism (hospital diagnosis of acute deep venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism) within 90 days after ambulatory covid-19 or influenza diagnosis. We developed propensity scores to account for differences between the cohorts and used weighted Cox regression to estimate adjusted hazard ratios of outcomes with 95% confidence intervals for covid-19 during periods 1 and 2 versus influenza.

Results

90 day absolute risk of arterial thromboembolism with covid-19 was 1.01% (95% confidence interval 0.97% to 1.05%) during period 1, 1.06% (1.03% to 1.10%) during period 2, and with influenza was 0.45% (0.41% to 0.49%). The risk of arterial thromboembolism was higher for patients with covid-19 during period 1 (adjusted hazard ratio 1.53 (95% confidence interval 1.38 to 1.69)) and period 2 (1.69 (1.53 to 1.86)) than for patients with influenza. 90 day absolute risk of venous thromboembolism with covid-19 was 0.73% (0.70% to 0.77%) during period 1, 0.88% (0.84 to 0.91%) during period 2, and with influenza was 0.18% (0.16% to 0.21%). Risk of venous thromboembolism was higher with covid-19 during period 1 (adjusted hazard ratio 2.86 (2.46 to 3.32)) and period 2 (3.56 (3.08 to 4.12)) than with influenza.

Conclusions

Patients diagnosed with covid-19 in the ambulatory setting had a higher 90 day risk of admission to hospital with arterial thromboembolism and venous thromboembolism both before and after covid-19 vaccine availability compared with patients with influenza.
Evaluating residual anti-Xa levels following discontinuation of treatment-dose enoxaparin in patients presenting for elective surgery: a prospective observational trial
Authors: Henshaw Daryl S , Edwards Christopher J , Dobson Sean W , Jaffe Doug , Turner James D , Reynolds J Wells , Thompson Garrett R , Russell Greg , Weller Robert
Published: June 2023

Introduction

Prior studies have demonstrated that patients presenting for elective surgery may have higher-than-expected residual anti-Xa level activity at or beyond 24 hours following their last treatment dose of enoxaparin. Given that 24 hours of abstinence is currently recommended by both European and American societies before the performance of neuraxial or deep anesthetic/analgesic procedures, determining the actual timeframe at which residual anti-Xa level activity reliably falls below 0.2 IU/mL, the lower limit of the target range for thromboprophylaxis, is critical.

Methods

This was a prospective observational trial. Consenting patients on treatment-dose enoxaparin were randomized to either a 24-hour group (last dose at 07:00 the day prior to surgery) or a 36-hour group (last dose at 19:00 2 days prior to surgery). On arrival for surgery, blood samples were obtained to assess residual anti-Xa level activity and renal function. The primary outcome was residual anti-Xa level activity following the last treatment dose of enoxaparin. Incorporating all patients, linear regression modeling was performed to predict the timepoint at which the level of anti-Xa activity reliably fell below 0.2 IU/mL.

Results

103 patients were analyzed. Time from the last dose at which residual anti-Xa activity fell below 0.2 IU/mL, based on the upper bound of the 95% CI, was 31.5 hours. No correlation overall between age, renal function, or sex was found.

Conclusion

Residual levels of anti-Xa activity do not reliably fall below 0.2 IU/mL 24 hours following discontinuation of treatment-dose enoxaparin. Therefore, current time-based guidelines are not conservative enough. Routine anti-Xa testing should be strongly considered, or current time-based guidelines should be reassessed.

Trial registration number

NCT03296033.
National review of acute pain service utilization, models of care, and clinical practices within the Veterans Health Administration
Authors: Mahyar Lauren , Missair Andres , Buys Michael J , Kou Alex , Benedetti de Marrero Esther , Sandbrink Friedhelm , Matadial Christina M , Mariano Edward R
Published: June 2023

Introduction

The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) is the largest healthcare network in the USA and has been a national leader in opioid safety for acute pain management. However, detailed information on the availability and characteristics of acute pain services within its facilities is lacking. We designed this project to assess the current state of acute pain services within the VHA.

Methods

A 50-question electronic survey developed by the VHA national acute pain medicine committee was emailed to anesthesiology service chiefs at 140 VHA surgical facilities within the USA. Data collected were analyzed by facility complexity level and service characteristics.

Results

Of the 140 VHA surgical facilities contacted, 84 (60%) completed the survey. Thirty-nine (46%) responding facilities had an acute pain service. The presence of an acute pain service was associated with higher facility complexity level designation. The most common staffing model was 2.0 full-time equivalents, which typically included at least one physician. Services performed most by formal acute pain programs included peripheral nerve catheters, inpatient consult services, and ward ketamine infusions.

Conclusions

Despite widespread efforts to promote opioid safety and improve pain management, the availability of dedicated acute pain services within the VHA is not universal. Higher complexity programs are more likely to have acute pain services, which may reflect differential resource distribution, but the barriers to implementation have not yet been fully explored.
High school students' perceptions and experiences of using combined RW and labatorials to understand Newton's laws of motion
Authors: El-Helou Joseph , Kalman Calvin S.
Published: June 2023

We discuss the perceptions and experiences of high school students using reflective writing and labatorials to attempt to understand Newtonian concepts of force and motion. The sequencing and content of these activities are centered on targeting students’ key difficulties related to forces and motion. Participants are 210 secondary 5 (grade 11) students, from three private schools in Montreal, who took a physics course during 2017–2018 or 2018–2019. Their ideas and opinions about forces and learning physics were investigated prior to and following the study with (a) three questions from the Force Concept Inventory; (b) a concept map focused on the relations between force and motion, and (c) pre- and post-semi-structured interviews conducted with 12 participants. The gathered data and interviews indicate that the process of combining labatorials with reflective writing improves students’ attitudes towards learning the subject.
Quantum equations of motion and the geometrical imperative: relativistic
Authors: Henriksen R.N.
Published: June 2023

We extract the square root of the Minkowski metric using Dirac/Clifford matrices. The resulting 4 × 4 operator dS that represents the square root can be used to transform four vectors between relatively moving observers. This effects the usual Lorentz transformation. In addition, it acts on a Dirac bi-spinor. The operator is essentially a Hamiltonian that can be used to write an equation of motion for a relativistic spinor. This turns out to be the Dirac equation for electrons in standard form. We believe that it is a new approach to familiar results.
HOW DEVIATED ARE SLOGANS FROM ACTION? A CONFIGURATION ANALYSIS OF THE JOINT EFFECT OF MULTIPLE FACTORS THAT STIMULATE EMPLOYEES’ INNOVATION BEHAVIOUR
Authors: YANG YUE , ZHANG LIMING , ZHONG CHANGBIAO , CHEN QI , XI GUOQIAN
Published: June 2023

Most companies promote “innovation” as a core value, but this declared value is not implemented in employees’ behaviour. To address this disconnection between “slogan” and “action,” this paper explores the influence of multiple psychological needs on employees’ innovation behaviour from a value-based perspective. By employing fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to explore the synergistic effects of multiple antecedent conditions on employees’ innovation behaviour fully, the study draws the following conclusions. (1) The organisation’s declared innovative values are not necessary to promote high levels of corporate innovation behaviour but must work in tandem with other elements to produce high levels of employee innovation behaviour. (2) The mechanism underlying high levels of employee innovation behaviour can be divided into five configurations, revealing that different organisations of five conditional factors can lead to a variety of paths for promoting employee innovation behaviour.
An overview of image processing for dental diagnosis
Authors: Chauhan Rahulsinh B. , Shah Tejas V. , Shah Deepali H. , Gohil Tulsi J. , Oza Ankit D. , Jajal Brijesh , Saxena Kuldeep K.
Published: June 2023

Dental disease evaluation and clinical assessment are frequently accomplished through radiographic penetration. The difficulty of obtaining an accurate clinical diagnosis from radiographs rises due to the minimal mineral density change in demineralized tissue of tooth and gum disorders. Dental abnormalities may not be visible on radiographs until the demineralization is higher than 40%, according to the literature. As a result, a dental practitioner’s judgment can have a big impact on how accurately the radiography penetration depth is determined through visual inspection. To counteract this effect, image processing-based clinical diagnosis methods have become widely adopted, transforming dentistry from traditional to advance in recent years. The efforts made in the area of image processing-based digital dental diagnosis of the most challenging dental issues are outlined in the presented comprehensive literature evaluation, which also identifies any research gaps in the scope of work already done. The included studies’ quality was evaluated using Quality Assessment and Diagnostic Accuracy Tool-2 (QUADAS-2). A total of 52 out of 178 articles, published from 2012 to February 2023, were reviewed and data like image-processing approach, the size of datasets, approach results, advantages and disadvantages, name(s) of diagnosed diseases, imaging type, author, and publication year were extracted. Results show that, in 52 studies, more than 14 image-processing approaches were used on different types of radiographs for the diagnosis of a single or more than one disease by a single approach with an accuracy range from 64% to 93%. Most studies have used artificial intelligence (AI) for computer-aided diagnosis and used dental experts to label their dataset and validate the outcome of proposed methods. Efforts done by different research groups for image processing-based digital diagnosis are appreciable but still, they are lagging to meet clinically expected accuracy. There looks to be a great requirement for the development or standardization of existing methodology and it is also needed to construct standard public dental datasets to attract a greater number of research groups in the dental field.
Interactive Privacy Management: Toward Enhancing Privacy Awareness and Control in the Internet of Things
Authors: Al Muhander Bayan , Wiese Jason , Rana Omer , Perera Charith
Published: June 2023

The balance between protecting user privacy while providing cost-effective devices that are functional and usable is a key challenge in the burgeoning Internet of Things (IoT). In traditional desktop and mobile contexts, the primary user interface is a screen; however, in IoT devices, screens are rare or very small, invalidating many existing approaches to protecting user privacy. Privacy visualizations are a common approach for assisting users in understanding the privacy implications of web and mobile services. To gain a thorough understanding of IoT privacy, we examine existing web, mobile, and IoT visualization approaches. Following that, we define five major privacy factors in the IoT context: type, usage, storage, retention period, and access. We then describe notification methods used in various contexts as reported in the literature. We aim to highlight key approaches that developers and researchers can use for creating effective IoT privacy notices that improve user privacy management (awareness and control). Using a toolkit, a use case scenario, and two examples from the literature, we demonstrate how privacy visualization approaches can be supported in practice.
The Interstellar Interlopers
Authors: Jewitt David , Seligman Darryl Z.
Published: June 2023

Interstellar interlopers are bodies formed outside of the Solar System but observed passing through it. The first two identified interlopers, 1I/‘Oumuamua and 2I/Borisov, exhibited unexpectedly different physical properties. 1I/‘Oumuamua appeared unresolved and asteroid-like, whereas 2I/Borisov was a more comet-like source of both gas and dust. Both objects moved under the action of nongravitational acceleration. These interlopers and their divergent properties provide our only window so far onto an enormous and previously unknown galactic population. The number density of such objects is ∼0.1 AU−3 which, if uniform across the galactic disk, would imply 1025 to 1026 similar objects in the Milky Way. The interlopers likely formed in, and were ejected from, the protoplanetary disks of young stars. However, we currently possess too little data to firmly reject other explanations.▪1I/‘Oumuamua and 2I/Borisov are both gravitationally unbound, subkilometer bodies showing nongravitational acceleration.▪The acceleration of 1I/‘Oumuamua in the absence of measurable mass loss requires either a strained explanation in terms of recoil from sublimating supervolatiles or the action of radiation pressure on a nucleus with an ultralow mass column density, ∼1 kg m−2.▪2I/Borisov is a strong source of CO and H2O, which together account for its activity and nongravitational acceleration.▪The interlopers are most likely planetesimals from the protoplanetary disks of other stars, ejected by gravitational scattering from planets. 1I/‘Oumuamua and 2I/Borisov have dynamical ages ∼108 and ∼109 years, respectively.▪Forthcoming observatories should detect interstellar interlopers every year, which will provide a rapid boost to our knowledge of the population.
Advances in Optical/Infrared Interferometry
Authors: Eisenhauer Frank , Monnier John D. , Pfuhl Oliver
Published: June 2023

After decades of fast-paced technical advances, optical/infrared (O/IR) interferometry has seen a revolution in recent years:
▪The GRAVITY instrument at the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) with four 8-m telescopes reaches thousand-times-fainter objects than possible with earlier interferometers, and the Center for High Angular Resolution Astronomy array (CHARA) routinely offers up to 330-m baselines and aperture synthesis with six 1-m telescopes.▪The observed objects are fainter than 19 mag, the images have submilliarcsecond resolution, and the astrometry reaches microarcsecond precision.▪This led to breakthrough results on the Galactic Center, exoplanets, active galactic nuclei, young stellar objects, and stellar physics.
Following a primer in interferometry, we summarize the advances that led to the performance boost of modern interferometers:
▪Single-mode beam combiners now combine up to six telescopes, and image reconstruction software has advanced over earlier developments for radio interferometry.▪With a combination of large telescopes, adaptive optics (AO), fringe tracking, and especially dual-beam interferometry, GRAVITY has boosted the sensitivity by many orders of magnitude.
Another order-of-magnitude improvement will come from laser guide star AO. In combination with large separation fringe tracking, O/IR interferometry will then provide complete sky coverage for observations in the Galactic plane and substantial coverage for extragalactic targets.
Associations of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 with metabolic profile and hepatic fat deposition in asymptomatic men and women
Authors: Rauzier Chloé , Chartrand Dominic J. , Alméras Natalie , Lemieux Isabelle , Larose Eric , Mathieu Patrick , Pibarot Philippe , Lamarche Benoît , Rhéaume Caroline , Poirier Paul , Després Jean-Pierre , Picard Frédéric
Published: June 2023

Faced with a paucity of reliable clinical etiologic markers for fatty liver, this research article demonstrates, for the first time, that low blood levels of the protein IGFBP-2 are associated with a more deteriorated cardiometabolic risk profile and with a high hepatic fat content independently of visceral fat volume and sex, even in asymptomatic, apparently healthy individuals.
Mechanical forces suppress antiviral innate immune responses from asthmatic airway epithelial cells following rhinovirus infection
Authors: Veerati Punnam Chander , Reid Andrew T. , Nichol Kristy S. , Wark Peter A. B. , Knight Darryl A. , Bartlett Nathan W. , Grainge Christopher L.
Published: June 2023

Bronchoconstriction is the main physiological event in asthma, which leads to worsened clinical symptoms and generates mechanical stress within the airways. Virus infection is the primary cause of exacerbations in people with asthma, however, the impact of bronchoconstriction on host antiviral responses and viral replication is unknown. We developed two disease models, in vitro, and found suppressed IFN response from cells following the application of compression and RV-A1 infection. This explains why people with asthma have deficient IFN response.
Dynamic neural reconstructions of attended object location and features using EEG
Authors: Chen Jiageng , Golomb Julie D.
Published: June 2023

We used human EEG and machine learning to reconstruct neural response profiles during dynamic shifts of attention. Specifically, we demonstrated that we could simultaneously read out both location and feature information from an attended item in a multistimulus display. Moreover, we examined how that readout evolves over time during the dynamic process of attentional shifts. These results provide insight into our understanding of attention, and this technique carries substantial potential for versatile extensions and applications.
Numerical Solutions of Duffing Van der Pol Equations on the Basis of Hybrid Functions
Authors: Mohammadi M. , Vahidi A. R. , Damercheli T. , Khezerloo S.
Published: June 2023

In the present work, a new approximated method for solving the nonlinear Duffing-Van der Pol (D-VdP) oscillator equation is suggested. The approximate solution of this equation is introduced with two separate techniques. First, we convert nonlinear D-VdP equation to a nonlinear Volterra integral equation of the second kind (VIESK) using integration, and then, we approximate it with the hybrid Legendre polynomials and block-pulse function (HLBPFs). The next technique is to convert this equation into a system of ordinary differential equation of the first order (SODE) and solve it according to the proposed approximate method. The main goal of the presented technique is to transform these problems into a nonlinear system of algebraic equations using the operational matrix obtained from the integration, which can be solved by a proper numerical method; thus, the solution procedures are either reduced or simplified accordingly. The benefit of the hybrid functions is that they can be adjusted for different values of

n

and

m

, in addition to being capable of yield greater correct numerical answers than the piecewise constant orthogonal function, for the results of integral equations. Resolved governance equation using the Runge-Kutta fourth order algorithm with the stepping time 0.01 s via numerical solution. The approximate results obtained from the proposed method show that this method is effective. The evaluation has been proven that the proposed technique is in good agreement with the numerical results of other methods.
Meeting the Challenge of Viral Disease Management in the US Wine Grape Industries of California and Washington: Demystifying Decision Making, Fostering Agricultural Networks, and Optimizing Educational Resources
Authors: Hobbs Malcolm B. , Vengco Selena M. , Bolton Stephanie L. , Bettiga Larry J. , Moyer Michelle M. , Cooper Monica L.
Published: June 2023

Leafroll and red blotch are two of the most consequential viral diseases threatening the sustainability of the wine grape industry. To promote uptake of management practices, there is a critical need to understand the motivating factors for decision makers and optimize the dissemination and acquisition of knowledge. From 2019 to 2020, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 42 wine grape industry professionals (“decision makers”) in the Western United States, from California (n = 32) and Washington (n = 10). The interview questions explored the perceptions and experiences of these decision makers as they learned about disease ecology, interacted with their immediate and extended community, and adopted management practices. Utilizing qualitative thematic analysis, we identified nine economic, knowledge, and social-behavioural factors along with 24 sub-factors. These factors illustrated the interplay between knowledge, communication, economics, labour, government subsidies, regulatory practices, and collaborative efforts that influence adoption. The quality of knowledge dissemination emerged as a critical aspect. Using the interview data along with a quantitative survey (n = 145), we also explored how growers use 14 educational resources to learn about grapevine viruses. Using these findings, extension educators can optimize their activities to disseminate knowledge on grapevine viral disease management. In total, this study provides context for the agricultural industry, research scientists, extension educators, and other supporting partners of the financial, interpersonal, and technical issues that must be overcome to successfully manage grapevine viral diseases.
Atraumatic Splenic Rupture in Legionella pneumophila Pneumonia
Authors: Worku Elliott , Adam Worku Dominic
Published: June 2023

A previously fit 46-year-old male handyman presented to a rural hospital with a cough, fever, and epigastric pain without peritonism. The patient was admitted medically with symptoms and radiological appearances consistent with atypical community-acquired pneumonia. During the first 48 hours of admission, he suffered a significant haemodynamic deterioration and was transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU) for vasoactive support. Following stabilisation, urgent abdominal CT imaging demonstrated splenic rupture with haematoma in the absence of historical trauma. Emergency splenectomy was performed; the histopathological examination was unremarkable. Investigations for the presenting complaint confirmed Legionella pneumophila serotype 1 pneumonia by urinary antigen testing. The patient was extubated on postoperative day 2 and stepped down from ICU to complete a 14-day course of azithromycin. Atraumatic splenic rupture is a rarely described clinical entity. The process can be subdivided into pathological and nonpathological (spontaneous) cases. Pathological atraumatic splenic rupture may occur in the context of wide-ranging aetiologies, including bacterial pneumonia; however, the association with Legionella pneumophila serotype 1 is exceptional, with this representing the eighth case in the medical literature.
Data from Co-mutations and KRAS G12C inhibitor efficacy in advanced NSCLC
Authors: Negrao Marcelo V. , Araujo Haniel A. , Lamberti Giuseppe , Cooper Alissa J. , Akhave Neal S. , Zhou Teng , Delasos Lukas , Hicks J Kevin. , Aldea Mihaela , Minuti Gabriele , Hines Jacobi , Aredo Jacqueline V. , Dennis Michael J. , Chakrabarti Turja , Scott Susan C. , Bironzo Paolo , Scheffler Matthias , Christopoulos Petros , Stenzinger Albrecht , Riess Jonathan W. , Kim So Yeon , Goldberg Sarah B. , Li Mingjia , Wang Qi , Qing Yun , Ni Ying , Do Minh Truong , Lee Richard , Ricciuti Biagio , Alessi Joao Victor. , Wang Jing , Resuli Blerina , Landi Lorenza , Tseng Shu-Chi , Nishino Mizuki , Digumarthy Subba R. , Rinsurongkawong Waree , Rinsurongkawong Vadeerat , Vaporciyan Ara A , Blumenschein George R. , Zhang Jianjun , Owen Dwight H. , Blakely Collin M. , Mountzios Giannis , Shu Catherine A. , Bestvina Christine M. , Garassino Marina Chiara. , Marrone Kristen A. , Gray Jhanelle E. , Patel Sandip Pravin. , Cummings Amy L. , Wakelee Heather A. , Wolf Juergen , Scagliotti Giorgio Vittorio. , Cappuzzo Federico , Barlesi Fabrice , Patil Pradnya D. , Drusbosky Leylah , Gibbons Don L. , Meric-Bernstam Funda , Lee J. Jack , Heymach John V. , Hong David S. , Heist Rebecca S. , Awad Mark M. , Skoulidis Ferdinandos
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Molecular modifiers of KRAS G12C inhibitor (KRAS G12Ci) efficacy in advanced KRAS G12C-mutant NSCLC are poorly defined. In a large unbiased clinico-genomic analysis of 424 NSCLC patients, we identified and validated co-alterations in KEAP1, SMARCA4 and CDKN2A as major independent determinants of inferior clinical outcomes with KRAS G12Ci monotherapy. Collectively, co-mutations in these three tumor suppressor genes segregated patients into distinct prognostic subgroups and captured ~50% of those with early disease progression (PFS≤3 months) with KRAS G12Ci. Pathway-level integration of less prevalent co-alterations in functionally related genes nominated PI3K/AKT/MTOR pathway and additional baseline RAS gene alterations, including amplifications, as candidate drivers of inferior outcomes with KRAS G12Ci, and revealed a possible association between defective DNA damage response/repair and improved KRAS G12Ci efficacy. Our findings propose a framework for patient stratification and clinical outcome prediction in KRAS G12C-mutant NSCLC that can inform rational selection and appropriate tailoring of emerging combination therapies.
Assessment Challenges Encountered by Teachers in the Implementation of Printed Modular Distance Learning
Authors: Arzaga Jaybie S.
Published: June 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic brought about unprecedented challenges in the field of education. Printed Modular Distance Learning (PMDL) was one of the most challenging modes of instruction in basic education, and the assessment stage posed specific difficulties for secondary school teachers in the Schools Division of Puerto Princesa City during the School Year 2020-2021. This research aimed to explore the real-life experiences of 15 secondary school teachers who taught via PMDL. Using a phenomenological study, the researcher conducted individual interviews with the teachers, who were chosen through purposive sampling. The study found that teachers encountered various challenges during the implementation of PMDL, with specific difficulties arising during the assessment stage. One of the significant problems reported by the participants was the submission of unanswered or incomplete modules by some students. Additionally, some learners had modules that were answered by their parents or other family members, while others copied answers directly from the internet or answer keys. The lack of names on modules and illegible handwriting also added to the challenges experienced by the teachers. Furthermore, the sheer volume of modules to be checked was a significant challenge for the participants. To ensure the quality and validity of module-based assessments, it is recommended that guidelines be provided to learners, monitoring and feedback mechanisms be put in place, and policies that prevent cheating be implemented. Educators should also have workload management strategies to ensure timely grading and feedback.
Learning Style of Grade Eight Students: Basis on Enhancing Historical Thinking Skills Using	Contextualized Learning Activities in Araling Panlipunan
Authors: Andal Rose Ann E. , Hermosa Jherwin P.
Published: June 2023

This study aimed to craft contextualized learning activities based on student learning style with the evaluation of its effectiveness and the relationship with the perceived effectiveness of material to student historical thinking skills. This employed the descriptive correlational design of quantitative method as participated by 53 Grade Eight (8) respondents in San Isidro National High School who were chosen using the purposive sampling procedures. The data were gathered using pretest questionnaires, survey questionnaires, evaluation questionnaires, and posttest questionnaires which are validated with the help of the experts. Data communications were established before data gathering procedures and were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and Pearson R. Findings revealed that the students prefer the visual learning style in studying Araling Panlipunan MELCS 1-8, the LA is generally agreed to be effective as to content in terms of adequacy (OWM=3.45, agree); coherence (OWM=3.44, agree); appropriateness (OWM=3.40, agree); and usefulness (OWM=3.43, acceptable). There was no significant relationship between the perceived effectiveness of the material and student’s historical thinking skills. The study recommends that to improve the efficiency of teaching and learning, Araling Panlipunan teachers may develop further their historical thinking abilities. This will also improve students' acquisition of these abilities.
Assessment of Employability Skills of Technical-Vocational Education and Training (TVET) Graduates: Basis for an Enhancement Program
Authors: Mariano Rayhanah P. , Tantoco Luzviminda F.
Published: June 2023

The study aims to determine the employability skills of Technical-Vocational Education and Training Graduates of Valenzuela City Polytechnic College.

This study was carried out to 423 graduates of TVET using convenience sampling and forty-five (45) employers who were selected purposively in the City of Valenzuela. The respondents had completed the TVET program. A survey questionnaire, document analysis and an interview guide were used. Frequency, percentage, and weighted mean were utilized in the statistical analysis and handling of the data.

Among 423 TVET graduates of ValPoly from 2015 to 2019, majority are employed which had an employment rate of 87.94 percent, compared to a rate of 12.06 percent for those who were unemployed. Carpentry obtained the highest employment rate while the bread and pastry production got the lowest employment rate. The year 2019 also has the highest rate while respondents who graduated in 2016 have the lowest employment rate.

Half of the employed graduates acquired a "regular status". Despite the skills mismatch, graduates have managed to seek employment related to their training right after graduation. Communication skills is the most useful skill in the workplace.

ValPoly has provided comprehensive and effective programs and provisions that enhance graduates' employability skills. TVET graduates employed were assessed as highly competent by their employers. Several factors that facilitate the acquisition of employment. A proposed enhancement program for the employability skills of TVET graduates is formulated based on findings of this study to ensure that all graduates will be equipped with skills for employment.