bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sewage Quality Assessment of Various Places in Bilaspur City
Authors: Parashar Ashish Kumar
Published: August 2021

The quantity, strength and type of sewage depends upon the population, Life style of people and the existence of different types of industries respectively and the amount of treatment required to be given to sewage depends very much upon the source of disposal. In Bilaspur the source of disposal of municipal as well as industrial waste water is Arpa River (Non perennial) which is known as life line of Bilaspur city. The climatic change has already turned the perennial Arpa River into non Perennial River and at this time the Urbanization, Industrial growth and improved standard of living of people of Bilaspur have increased the strength and quantity of sewage in recent years to a point where dilution alone can no longer be relied upon to prevent the undesirable effect of pollution. Hence it is absolutely necessary to study the characteristics and behavior of sewage, to ensure its safe disposal. This study will help us in determining the degree and type of treatment required to a given sewage according to its characteristics and thus to avoid the pollution of the source of its disposal i.e. Arpa river so that the adverse effect of pollution on human health, aquatic life, animals and plants can be eliminated. For the present study we have selected 4 places in Bilaspur City for collection of sewage hence Sample 1 was collected at Vasant Vihar S.E.C.L. Colony, The sample 2 was collected from M/S Narmada Drinks Pvt. Ltd. Sirgitti, The sample 3 was collected at Pachrighat drain. The sample 4 was collected from Nalla near Bannak Chowk Sirgitti. The Chemical tests namely Suspended Solids, Dissolved Solids, Chloride Content, Chemical Oxygen Demand and Physical tests namely pH value, Temperature, Threshold Odour Number (TON) had been performed and the tests results were compared with Indian standards permissible limits. Priority of this journal is to provide our important and valuable information to all people who show interest. The test results indicated that the Sample-1Vasant Vihar is less polluted, Sample-2 Narmada Drinks only requires neutralization of Chloride Content, Sample-3 Pachrighat was polluted and required treatment in summer season for reducing Solids whereas Sample-4 Bannak Nalla was highly polluted and required throughout treatment of higher degree. Out of the four samples the Sample-4 (Nalla near Bannak Chowk) was found to be most polluted sample in terms of Suspended solids, Chloride content, C.O.D., B.O.D. & T.O.N. and the drain containing this sample is being used by local public and is being discharged untreated into Arpa River. This Wastewater must be treated to prevent the Environment and the water bodies.
GEOLOGICAL AND PETROGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SORAP MASSIF GABBROS, RAS-KOH OPHIOLITE, BALOCHISTAN, WESTERN PAKISTAN
Authors: Mohammad Ali , Kashani Abdul Ghaffar , Ullah Inayat , Kakar M. Ishaq , Murad Fida
Published: August 2021

This study discussed the Sorap Massif which is the ophiolitic fragment composed of the upper mantle and lower crustal section of an ophiolitic sequence. An ophiolitic sequence in Sorap Massif consists of harzburgite, dunite, large distant units of serpentinized wehrlite intrusion and outcrop of confined layered gabbro covered by the Quaternary sand dunes. The basal part of gabbroic intrusion is in contact with mantle rocks and the upper part is juxtaposed with the Kuchakki Volcanic Group. On outcrop-level and in hand specimen, the gabbros exhibit needle-like ferromagnesian minerals including hornblende associated with plagioclase and pyroxene. Petrographically the gabbros are classified into norite, gabbro norite and gabbro. The mineral constituents of norite are plagioclase, orthopyroxene and amphibole, gabbro norite is consists of equal constituents of orthopyroxene and clinopyroxene, plagioclase and amphibole and the gabbro is composed of clinopyroxene, plagioclase and amphibole. The high constituents of minerals such as pyroxene, amphibole and low constituents of olivine in the Sorap gabbros indicates that these gabbros are formed by the immature part of the oceanic plate with dehydration of the oceanic plate subduction.
Bonnes pratiques des Collaborateurs de RRI en Afrique
Authors:   Rights and Resources Initiative
Published: August 2021

Les collaborateurs de RRI de la région Afrique ont mis en œuvre un large éventail de projets dont l'objectif principal est d'assurer l'occupation des terres par les peuples autochtones et les communautés locales comme base de référence pour d'autres engagements pro-communautaires. RRI met en évidence certaines des meilleures pratiques de ces projets afin de renforcer le plaidoyer des membres de notre Coalition et d'autres travaux, maintenant et à l'avenir.
PENINGKATAN AKTIVITAS DAN KREATIVITAS BELAJAR GEOGRAFI MATERI PENGINDERAAN JAUH DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING PADA SISWA KELAS X IPS 1 SMA NEGERI 1 SAKRA TIMUR TAHUN PELAJARAN 2020/2021
Authors: Ikhtiqlal Irpan Ahadi
Published: August 2021

This study was aimed to find out how much the increase in student learning activities and creativity after the discovery learning model was applied to remote sensing subjects in geography class X IPS 1 SMA Negeri 1 Sakra Timur. This research is a type of classroom action research, with the learning method applied is the method of discussion, question and answer and literature review. The research subjects were students of class X IPS 1 SMA Negeri 1 Sakra Timur in the academic year 2020/2021, totaling 30 students. This research activity was carried out in two cycles, each cycle consisting of stages of planning, action, observation, and reflection, which aims to improve the quality of learning. The data collection tool uses learning activity observation sheets, learning creativity observation sheets and learning outcomes tests in the form of description questions. Data from the results of formative test observations in each cycle became the basis or material for improvement for the next cycle. The results showed that: there was an increase in student learning activities and creativity as seen from the increase in student learning outcomes in each cycle after using the discovery learning model in learning geography for remote sensing material for class X IPS 1 SMA Negeri 1 Sakra Timur in the academic year 2020/2021.
Keywords: learning activities, learning creativity, discovery learning
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar peningkatan aktivitas belajar dan krestivitas belajar siswa setelah diterapkan model discovery learning pada mata pelajaran geografi materi penginderaan jauh kelas X IPS 1 SMA Negeri 1 Sakra Timur. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian tindakan kelas, dengan metode pembelajaran yang diterapkan adalah metode diskusi, tanya jawab dan kajian pustaka. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas X IPS 1 SMA Negeri 1 Sakra Timur tahun pelajaran 2020/2021 yang berjumlah sebanyak 30 orang siswa. Kegiatan penelitian ini dilaksanakan sebanya dua siklus, tiap siklus terdiri dari tahap perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi, yang bertujuan untuk mmperbaiki kualitas pembelajaran. Alat pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar pengamatan aktivitas belajar, lembar pengamatan kreativitas belajar dan test hasil belajar yang berupa soal-soal uraian. Data dari hasil observasi test formatif disetiap siklus menjadi dasar atau bahan perbaikan untuk siklus berikutnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : terdapat peningkatan aktivitas belajar dan kreativitas belajar siswa yang terlihat dari peningkatan hasil belajar siswa disetiap siklus setelah menggunakan model discovery learning pada pembelajaran geografi materi penginderaan jauh kelas X IPS 1 SMA Negeri 1 Sakra Timur tahun pelajaran 2020/2021.
Kata kunci : aktivitas belajar, krestivitas belajar, dicovery learning
DINAMIKA LEMBAGA DEMOKRASI DESA DI INDONESIA (Sebuah Kajian Pustaka)
Authors: Muhammad Saleh
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this study is to elaborate on the development of rural democratic practices in Indonesia. In the development of democratic practices in villages, there have been ups and downs recently as a result of the concept of government institutionalized by the government above it or supra village. This resulted in the loss of the main characteristics possessed by the village. The main characteristics referred to are the loss of local wisdom, mutual cooperation, and even the character of individualism has begun to penetrate the joints of village community life. This study uses literature study by parsing various theories, opinions across history both during the old order, the new order, up to the current reform era to get a comprehensive picture. The results of the study found that there are ups and downs of democratic practices in Indonesia which are caused by the implementation of the concept of a state from the regime that is currently in power. The ups and downs can be seen in the tug-of-war in village democratic institutions represented by the executive, namely the village head and the legislative body, namely the village consultative body (Law Number 5 of 1979, Law Number 22 of 1999, Law Number 32 of 2004, and Law Number 6 of 2014). 
Keywords: democracy, village, local wisdom, local institutions
 
ABSTRAK
Penelitian bertujuan ini adalah untuk melakukan elaborasi tentang perkembangan praktek demokrasi desa di Indonesia.  Dalam perkembangan praktek demokrasi di desa akhir-akhir ini terjadi pasang surut sebagai akibat dari konsep pemerintahan yang dilembagakan oleh pemerintah di atasnya atau supra desa.  Ini mengakibatkan hilangnya karakteristik utama yang dimiliki oleh desa. Karakterisitik utama dimaksud adalah hilangnya kearifan lokal/local wisdom, gotong royong, bahkan watak individualisme mulai merasuki sendi kehidupan masyarakat desa.  Studi ini menggunakan studi pustaka dengan mengurai berbagai teori, pendapat lintas sejarah baik pada masa orde lama, orde baru, sampai dengan pada masa reformasi saat ini untuk mendapatkan gambaran yang komprehensif.  Hasil penelitian ditemukan adanya pasang surut praktek demokrasi di Indonesia yang disebabkan oleh pelaksanaan konsep bernegara dari rezim yang sedang berkuasa.  Pasang surut ini dapat dilihat terjadi tarik ulur pada lembaga demokrasi desa yang diwakili oleh lembaga eksekutif yaitu kepala desa dan lembaga legislatif yaitu lembaga permusyawaratan desa (Undang-Undang Nomor 5 tahun 1979, Undang-Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 1999, Undang-Undang Nomor 32 tahun 2004 dan UU Nomor 6 Tahun 2014).
Kata kunci: demokrasi, desa, kearifal lokal, institusi lokal
Financial Situation Unique Indicator for Electric Sector Firms
Authors: Ferreira Aracéli Cristina de S. , Maia Vinicius Mothe , Vianna Dilo S. de Carvalho , Queiroz Juliana Molina
Published: August 2021

This paper develops a unique indicator to identify the financial situation of firms in the electric sector in Brazil. The National Electric Energy Agency (ANEEL) regulates this sector through five dimensions: indebtedness, efficiency, investment, profitability, and pay-out ratio. Each of these dimensions contains one or two indicators. Based on these indicators, we develop a unique indicator that shows companies' financial situation. To create a unique indicator, we follow the idea of Altman’s solvency indicator. But, we use a logit regression. Our dependent variable is Global Performance of Continuity which indicates the financial situation of the firm. Our independent variables are based on the five dimensions of the ANEEL indicators for financial situation. We collect data from 2011 to 2018. This research follows three main steps: (1) Collection of the data from the ANEEL database; (2) Creation of variables based on ANEEL’s five dimensions of performance; and (3) Econometric proceedings with variables according to ANEEL’s data and indicators of each dimension. First, we estimate one regression with all variables created based on ANEEL’s five dimensions. Then, we make improvements to find a more suitable model with different combinations of variables. We chose the best model by analysing the Akaike information criterion (AIC). Our results show that the unique indicator we create to evaluate firm performance is based on Debt, Efficiency, Investment (CapexA) and the Pay-out Ratio.
Performance of ‘Galia’ melon grown under different soil cation ratios
Authors:   Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Paiva Cristiane Alves de , Medeiros José Francismar de ,   Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Almeida José Gustavo Lima de ,   Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Aroucha Edna Maria Mendes ,   Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido
Published: August 2021

The northeast region of Brazil stands out in the production and export of melon. In this region, where this crop is mostly grown, part of the soil is of limestone origin, as is the irrigation water used. Over successive cultivations, these conditions can lead to soil alkalinization due to the accumulation of basic cations of the exchange complex, such as Ca, Mg, K and Na, in soils that are already rich in bases, thus influencing nutrient availability and, consequently, crop yield. On this basis, this study was developed to identify the cation ratios (K:Mg:Ca) of the soil that best correlate with attributes indicative of ‘Gália’ melon production. Two experiments were carried out in two consecutive years (2017 and 2018), in a randomized-block design with five treatments and five replicates. Treatments consisted of the following cation ratios (K:Mg:Ca) for experiment I, whose soil had a K content of 0.40 cmolc dm-3: T1 (1:3:34), T2 (1:3:21), T3 (1:3:9), T4 (1:0.8:9) and T5 (1:11:34); and experiment II, where the soil had 0.56 cmolc dm-3 of K: T1 (1:1.6:29.8), T2 (1:1.4:13.3), T3 (1:1.4:8.5), T4 (1:0.5:8.5) and T5 (1:4.8:29.8). The following traits were evaluated: chemical analyses of the soil during the flowering phase and at the end of the cycle, nutrient concentration in the diagnostic leaf during the fruiting phase, total yield, marketable yield, average total weight, average marketable weight, total number of fruits and number of marketable fruits per plant. The cation ratios influenced the average total and marketable fruit weights only in experiment I, but not yield. Therefore, when associated with irrigation water from the Açu sandstone aquifer and fertigation, the high absolute K and medium to high Mg contents are sufficient to meet the K and Mg nutrient requirements, dispensing with correction of the cation ratio.
Effect of adding anethole to the cryopreservation medium (powdered coconut water) on morphology, kinetics, and oxidative stress of buck sperm
Authors:   Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Sousa Marcimar Silva , Brito Bruna Farias ,   Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Novaes Marco Aurélio Schiavo ,   Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Câmara Talita Soares ,   Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Paula Ney Rômulo de Oliveira ,   Universidade Federal do Piauí, Salgueiro Cristiane Clemente de Mello ,   Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Nunes José Ferreira ,   Universidade Estadual do Ceará
Published: August 2021

The quality of post-thawing goat sperm is critical to the success of artificial insemination protocols and may be influenced by extenders, cryoprotectants, and antioxidant substances. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the antioxidant anethole on goat sperm diluted in preservation medium based on powdered coconut water (ACP-101c) and frozen. For that, each ejaculate was submitted to the following treatments: ACP-101c (control); control plus supplementation with 30, 300, or 2000 μg/mL anethole. The samples were thawed and evaluated for morphology, kinetics, membrane integrity, and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The addition of anethole increased morphological abnormalities (P < 0.05), however, it did not affect sperm kinetics. Flow cytometry analysis showed that sperm cells cryopreserved with 300 μg/mL anethole had lower acrosome integrity than those cryopreserved in other treatments. Evaluation of oxidative stress revealed that cells stored in the presence of 2000 μg/mL anethole had small amounts of ROS when compared to those preserved in the control medium alone or supplemented with 300 μg/mL anethole (P < 0.05). After cryopreservation of sperm with 2000 μg/mL anethole, the highest percentage of viable sperm without ROS was observed (P < 0.05). In conclusion, despite reducing ROS levels, the supplementation of anethole in ACP-101c did not affect sperm kinetics or membrane integrity post-thawing, however, it did cause morphological damage to sperm.
Laboratory profile of malnutrition in hospitalized dogs
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Fabretti Andrei Kelliton , Siqueira Raquel Carolina Simões ,   Veterinária, Amaral Higo Forlan ,   Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Gomes Lucas Alécio ,   Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Venturini Danielle ,   Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Pereira Patrícia Mendes ,   Universidade Estadual de Londrina
Published: August 2021

Malnutrition occurs when the supply of available nutrients is less than organic demand. It is an underdiagnosed problem in veterinary medicine and can result in several negative metabolic consequences, with greater morbidity and mortality. Currently, the classification of nutritional status (NS) is performed subjectively in veterinary medicine, so studies and discoveries about laboratory markers (objectives) of malnutrition are desirable. This study evaluated the correlations between several laboratory variables (practical and low-cost measurements) and the nutritional status (NS) of 246 dogs from a veterinary school hospital in southern Brazil. In this way, the laboratory profile of malnutrition in this population is evident. NS was classified by body condition score (BCS) and muscle mass score (MMS). A patient was considered to be malnourished if the BCS was less than 3 (values from 1 to 9). The laboratory variables analyzed were hemogram, cholesterol, total protein (TP), albumin, C-reactive protein (CRP), CRP/albumin ratio, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), transferrin (TF), transferrin saturation index (TSI), and transthyretin. The means and standard deviations of the variables, correlation analyses, and comparative analyses (Kruskal-Wallis in α = 5%) were calculated. This research aimed to identify objective and practical malnutrition markers that help in the elaboration of a protocol for nutritional evaluation in diseased dogs. Low values of TF, TIBC, TP, hemogram, and TSI elevation were indicative of malnutrition. Additionally, cholesterol and albuminemia are not good markers of malnutrition in dogs with systemic diseases. For the graduation of the inflammatory state (important to differentiate inflammatory hypoproteinemia from protein malnutrition), it is more reliable to measure the CRP/albumin ratio. Canine transthyretin cannot be measured with reagents designed for humans, such as those used in this study. It was possible to conclude that laboratory indicators of malnutrition in sick dogs include low values of TF, TIBC, and TP, anemia, and elevations of TSI. The joint changes in these markers gradually reinforced the diagnosis.
The Effect of Bonyan-Method Experiential Marathon Structured Groups (BEMSG) on the Elements of the Five-Factor Model of Personality
Authors: Nejatian Arash , Khaksar Maryam , Azimi Leila
Published: August 2021

Various studies have shown the effectiveness of marathon groups on improving participants' personality components. For the first time, the present study has studied the effectiveness of one of the oldest marathon groups in Iran on the personality elements of the Big Five model in the nonclinical population. This study was performed quasi-experimental with an experimental (n = 50) and a control group (n = 50). To meet the entry criteria, all applicants were screened while completing a comprehensive demographic questionnaire. The experimental group participated in the marathon group on three days in a row (for 36 hours) and three weekly follow-up sessions. At the end of the third follow-up session, the NEO FFI questionnaire was simultaneously given to the experimental and control groups. The mean difference statistical tests showed that the score of all personality elements in the experimental group compared to the control group had changed significantly (P <0.05). Among these, the largest effects size are related to "extraversion", "responsibility" and "openness to experience" (d> 0.4), respectively. Individual and group constructive experiential games and intensive and sequential feedback processes in Bonyan-method experiential marathon groups seem to improve the Big 5 personality components in the nonclinical population. Considering the relationship between improving the components of personality and mental health, it can be predicted that important steps can be taken to promote the community's mental health and prevent psychological damage by using these groups.
Screw holding performance in WPC composites
Authors: Borysiuk Piotr , Auriga Alicja , Auriga Radosław
Published: August 2021

Screw holding performance in WPC composites. In this research effort, the impact of fillers’ composition on wood-plastic composites (WPC) made of poly (lactic acid) PLA was tested. The composites varied in filler type (bark, sawdust) and its content in the boards (40, 50, 60%). The composites were manufactured in a two-stage process consisting of extrusion and flat pressing. Analogically prepared HDPE boards were a reference. Composites were tested for density, density profile, and screw-holding ability. Boards based on PLA performed better screw-holding ability than HDPE. The greatest influence was exerted by the share of matrix/filler. An increase in the content of lignocellulosic particles from 40 to 60% (regardless of the type of matrix: PLA or HDPE) generally reduced screw-holding ability. The type of filler (sawdust, bark) was almost 3 times more important in the case of HDPE boards compared to PLA boards.
Multi-stage parallel model in determining the quality of structural timber by the penetration method
Authors: Rohanova Alena
Published: August 2021

Multi-stage parallel model in determining the quality of structural timber by the penetration method. Various devices are used in situ to diagnose the quality of structural timber. A semi-destructive method is used for the approximate determination of wood density. The Pilodyn 6J uses a depth of cut that correlates with wood density. The experiments were performed on spruce wood (Picea excelsa, Karst. L.). Boards 40 × 200 × 2500 mm3, were tested, n = 5 pcs. The density of wood was determined by the gravimetric method according to EN 408 (2013). The penetration depth (hp), number and width of annual rings (RoG) were determined on the boards. Based on the density of the wood, the quality of the structural timber was specified by strength classes according to EN 338 (2016). The dependences between the measured characteristics were expressed in a model with a multi-stage parallel scale (penetration depth ~ number of annual rings  rate of growth  strength class and density wood). It is possible to predict visual strength class of board and indicative density of wood (EN 338) by the proposed model in situ. Methods of model are easy to use, reliable and economically undemanding.
Colour stability of surface finishes on thermally modified beech wood
Authors: Slabejová Gabriela , ŠMIDRIAKOVÁ MÁRIA
Published: August 2021

Colour stability of surface finishes on thermally modified beech wood. The paper deals with the influence of the type of transparent surface finish on the change of colour of the surfaces of native beech wood and thermally modified wood. At the same time, the colour stability of three surface finishes on the surfaces of native and thermally modified beech wood was monitored. Beech wood was thermally modified at temperature of 125 °C for 6 hours. The thermal treatment was performed in a pressure autoclave APDZ 240, by the company Sundermann s.r.o in Banská Štiavnica. Three various types of surface finishes (synthetic, wax-oil, water-based) were applied onto the wood surfaces. The colour of the surfaces of native wood and thermally modified wood was measured in the system CIELab before and after surface finishing; the coordinates L*, a*, b*, C*ab and h*ab were measured. From the coordinates measured before and after surface finishing, the differences were calculated and then the colour difference ∆E* was calculated. Subsequently, the test specimens with the surface finishes were exposed to natural sunlight, behind glass in the interior for 60 days. The surface colour was measured at specified time of the exposure (10, 20, 30, 60 days). The results showed that the colour of the wood surfaces changed after application of the individual surface finishes; and the colour difference reached a change visible with a medium quality filter up to a high colour difference. The wax-oil surface finish caused a high colour difference on native wood and on thermally modified wood as well. On native beech wood, the lowest colour difference after exposure to sunlight was noticeable on the synthetic surface finish. On the surface of wood thermally modified, after exposure to sunlight, the lowest colour difference was noticeable on the surface with no surface finish.
Next-Generation Sequencing Somatic and Germline Assay Troubleshooting Guide Derived From Proficiency Testing Data
Authors: Nardi Valentina , Tsuchiya Karen D. , Kim Annette S. , Bean Lora J. H. , Halley Jaimie G. , Long Thomas A. , Szelinger Szabolcs , Vasalos Patricia , Thorson John A. , Moyer Ann M. , Moncur Joel T.
Published: August 2021

Context.—

Next-generation sequencing–based assays are increasingly used in clinical molecular laboratories to detect somatic variants in solid tumors and hematologic malignancies and to detect constitutional variants. Proficiency testing data are potential sources of information about challenges in performing these assays.

Objective.—

To examine the most common sources of unacceptable results from the College of American Pathologists Next-Generation Sequencing Bioinformatics, Hematological Malignancies, Solid Tumor, and Germline surveys and provide recommendations on how to avoid these pitfalls and improve performance.

Design.—

The College of American Pathologists next-generation sequencing somatic and germline proficiency testing survey results from 2016 to 2019 were analyzed to identify the most common causes of unacceptable results.

Results.—

On somatic and germline proficiency testing surveys, 95.9% (18 815/19 623) and 97.8% (33 890/34 641) of all variants were correctly identified, respectively. The most common causes of unacceptable results related to sequencing were false-negative errors in genomic regions that were difficult to sequence because of high GC content. False-positive errors occurred in the context of homopolymers and pseudogenes. Recurrent errors in variant annotation were seen for dinucleotide and duplication variants and included unacceptable transcript selection and outdated variant nomenclature. A small percentage of preanalytic or postanalytic errors were attributed to specimen swaps and transcription errors.

Conclusions.—

Laboratories demonstrate overall excellent performance for detecting variants in both somatic and germline proficiency testing surveys. Proficiency testing survey results highlight infrequent, but recurrent, analytic and nonanalytic challenges in performing next- generation sequencing–based assays and point to remedies to help laboratories improve performance.
Inserção da dança no currículo dos Colégios de Aplicação
Authors: Allemand Débora Souto , Bonfim Larissa Verbisck Alcântara , Roriz Marlaina Fernandes , Costa Daniel Santos
Published: August 2021

O trabalho contextualiza e problematiza questões acerca da inserção da Dança no currículo escolar, partindo de experiências de quatro Colégios de Aplicação de diferentes  localidades do Brasil, cujas matrizes curriculares possuem a Dança como componente obrigatório. A partir da observação participante foi possível construir dados acerca de cada uma dessas realidades escolares e promover debates que indicam mudanças ou permanência de problemáticas discutidas na área. O texto faz um breve histórico sobre a legislação específica acerca do ensino da Arte e reflete sobre a Base Nacional Comum Curricular, documento que normatiza o currículo do ensino básico nacional. Observam-se avanços na consolidação da Dança como área autônoma, apesar de ainda existirem dificuldades muito semelhantes nos diferentes contextos estudados, especialmente em se tratando da questão da polivalência no ensino de Arte e da relação com a área da Educação Física.
NOBLE SUGARCANES AND MODERN CULTIVARS IN TAHITI RELATIVE TO ORGANIC RUM PRODUCTION: DESCRIPTION AND KEY CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: VITRAC Marotea , TEAI Taivini , GOEBEL François-Régis , SHILITOUZI Ines
Published: August 2021

Since the beginning of the twentieth century, various actions regarding sugarcane improvement were implemented. Researchers and breeders created new varieties for the sugar industry, more resistant to pests and diseases and more productive than noble sugarcanes. Today, modern cultivars are used for both sugar industry and distillery and noble sugarcanes are no more cultivated for this purpose. However, they could be cultivated in some particular contexts such as the organic cultivation, where the production costs are similar for both cane varieties. In Tahiti, a company decided in 2015 to produce organic rum from both noble sugarcanes and modern cultivars. A 2 835 m² experimentation was installed on a machineable land, representative to agriculture requirements. Six noble sugarcanes plus three modern cultivars all found locally (315 m² / variety) were tested. The agronomic yields reached were around 70 tons/ha for the best noble sugarcanes and around 100 tons/ha for the modern cultivars while at small-scale industrial processing, the noble sugarcanes present a greater juice extraction about 10 to 25% more than the modern varieties. In this situation, the organic cultivation of noble sugarcanes could be a valuable improvement regarding the whole agriculture and sugarcane industry in French Polynesia. In the future, we will also study the aromatic contents within the noble sugarcane plants and determine if it can improve the quality of the rum.
GENETIC RELATIONSHIPS AMONG PISTACIA VERA L. F1 HYBRIDS AND THEIR PARENTS (P. VERA×HERMAPHRODITE GENOTYPES OF P. ATLANTICA) USING SSR MARKERS
Authors: ALHAJJAR Najwa M. , MUZHER Bayan M.
Published: August 2021

This research was conducted at the Scientific Agricultural Research center in Sweida province during (2014-2015). Breeding program was assessed in the aim to insert the bisexual phenomena of P.atlantica species (3 different hermaphrodite genotypes PA12, PA35, and PA37 as donators of pollen grains) to the commercial cultivars of P.vera (Ashouri and Batouri). Genetic relationships among the previous species and their progenies (F1, 6 genotypes of crossing program) was studied using 20 specific SSRs primer pairs, 16 of them were able to detect PCR amplification. Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) segregation produced 44 putative alleles, out of which 40 were polymorphic (90.91%). Genetic similarity between the hybrids and their parents were closer to their female than to their male parents except for the hybrid HB3,which revealed a genetic distance 0.37 with its female parent (Batouri cultivar FB) and 0.43 with its male parent (PA35 hermaphrodite P.atlantica genotype). The UPGMA cluster plots based on Jaccard’s coefficient grouped the genotypes into two main clusters. The number of alleles revealed by each SSR analysis ranged from 1 to 8, with a level of expected heterozygosity (He) 0.496, observed heterozygosity (Ho) 0.25, and Marker Index (MI) 19.84. These results suggested the efficiency of SSR markers for distinguishing lineage genetic studies in the Pistacia spp. in breeding programs to elicit new cultivars, in particularly the primer pairs Ptms-7, EPVM021, EPVM016, and EPVF019 which may form the platform to detect sex expression in the genus Pistacia.
EFFECTS OF WEANING SYSTEM ON MILK AND EXTERNAL MAMMARY CONFORMATION TRAITS OF SICILO-SARDE TUNISIAN DAIRY EWE
Authors: HAMDI Hania , ALOULOU Rafik , MARNET Pierre-Guy , M’SADAK Youssef
Published: August 2021

A better development of the Sicilo-Sarde dairy sheep in Tunisia needs a review of its behavior by adopting early weaning and generalizing mechanical milking that involves an adaptation of the external mammary morphology (MM). Thirty ewes were divided into two groups (early and late weaning; EW and LW respectively) to study the effects of weaning system (WS) and milking time (MT) on milk and external MM traits in early milking period. MM was evaluated by six measurements and three scores of udder and teat. EW group had higher milk production (MP) and lower fat and protein amounts that increased with MT advancement (P0.001). WS did not affect MM traits (P>0.05), only teat length was higher for LW ewes (P0.05). Udder depth, teat diameter, distance between teats and teat angle score decreased with MT (P0.01). Significant interactions were noted between WS and MT for most traits studied. MP was negatively correlated with fat and protein amounts (-0.38 and -0.50 respectively) and moderately correlated with udder depth, cistern height, teat diameter (from 0.31 to 0.42). Fat and protein had negative correlation with udder depth, teat diameter and distance between teats. Higher correlation was determined between udder depth and distance between teats (r=0.60; P0.001). In conclusion, EW system allows a better start of the milk production in early milking period. Cistern height, teat length and teat angle score are the prominent traits which affect milk ability and adaptation of ewe to machine milking and consequently they must be included in selection program.
MODELLING ON-FARM DIVERSIFICATION THROUGH PORTFOLIO OPTIMIZATION AND GOAL PROGRAMMING: A CASE STUDY FROM BOLIVIA
Authors: MARKOS Andrea
Published: August 2021

Modern Portfolio Theory provides a theoretical framework for agricultural risk reduction. Powerful yet accessible tools have been developed to optimize scarce capital/labor allocation to increase returns and reduce correlated risks via diversification. Such tools are used to assess rural livelihood diversification induced by an incentive-based program for watershed conservation piloted between 2003 and 2011 in a context of rural poverty in Bolivia. The tools assembled and tested in this study may provide low-cost diagnostics to improve implementers’ understanding of risks and returns in a specific rural context. Comparing alternative portfolio frontiers may represent a useful and transformative tool to understand socio-ecological systems such as watersheds, facilitating regime shifts that benefit ecosystem services and livelihoods.
The activity of Irkutsk branch of Krasnoyarsk Specialized School of Militia of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Soviet Union: historical-pedagogical aspect
Authors: Vasil'ev Mikhail Aleksandrovich
Published: August 2021

The subject of research of this research is the process of establishment and development of Irkutsk branch of the Krasnoyarsk Specialized School of Militia of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Soviet Union during the 1989–1991, and its subsequent professional-pedagogical transformation. The author dwells on the question of historical-pedagogical peculiarities of the initial stage of recruiting the academic staff of the branch by the scientific personnel. The author explores the professional peculiarities in carrying out educational, service and combat activity of the permanent and nonpermanent staff of the specialized school. In the course of scientific research, the author reveals and analyzes the factors that affected the establishment and development of Irkutsk branch of Krasnoyarsk Specialized School of Militia of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Soviet Union during the transformation of the political system in Russia; as well as explores the peculiarities of implementing  pedagogical activity at the initial stage of the educational institution. The examples of interaction of the cadets and employees of the branch with the divisions of practical authorities. The conducted research is valuable for wide audience, as the establishment and development of departmental education of the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Soviet Union in Baikal region has become a significant event for the educational system of the entire Siberian region.
Exploring the Potential of Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam)
Authors: Nansereko Sophie , Muyonga John. H.
Published: August 2021

Background: Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam) is widely cultivated in tropical and sub-tropical areas worldwide. The tree is highly productive, resilient, and requires minimal care. Jackfruit has a characteristic flavour and is highly versatile. Several studies report the importance of the tree and fruits, ranging from food and medicine to the provision of several value-added products. In spite of the many beneﬁts the plant offers, it has not been sufficiently incorporated in the general food system, partly because of gaps in processing, distribution and knowledge about utilization methods and nutritional and nutraceutical value.

Objective: A comprehensive literature search was done to highlight jackfruit's nutritional, health, and commercial benefits to promote its utilization.

Methodology: The literature search was conducted using three electronic databases with no constraints on publication year. Over 200 studies on the nutritional properties of jackfruit and at least 105 articles on the use of the various parts of the jack tree for their anticarcinogenic, antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and hypoglycemic effects were found.

Findings: Jackfruit has vital nutrients, including phytochemicals, minerals, vitamins,  carbohydrates, and proteins. The literature on utilization shows that the fruit can be processed into commercial products using minimal processing technologies, dried to extend product shelf-life, or processed into various value-added products.

Conclusions: Jackfruit production and value addition are relatively under-developed despite the fruit tree’s high yield potential, high nutritional value, nutraceutical and techno-functional properties. For improved benefits from jackfruit, actors need to adopt the available technologies at different value chain nodes.
Predictors of Good Metabolic Control of Diabetes in Adolescents Social, Epidemiological and Neuropsychological Dimensions
Authors: Ziati Jihane , Hafidi Najlae El- , Bennani Naima , Imane Zineb
Published: August 2021

Our study included 60 children with diabetes. We divided them into two groups: Group A and Group B. Patients assigned to Group A had controlled diabetes and formed our “Control Group”, while Group B was for patients with poorly controlled diabetes. This study was conducted in « The Home of the Young Diabetic » center in collaboration with the diabetes unit at the pediatric hospital of Rabat. Our goal was to identify the different predictors of metabolic control in diabetic adolescents by looking at the epidemiological data, lifestyle, social level, and the family life of different categories. Finally, we analyzed the results and suggested solutions.

To improve the medical care of diabetes provide better control of the teenage period and reinforce therapeutic education, it is necessary to propose social help to families in need and expand the right of health insurance to all citizens but also refund all the new technologies in diabetes treatment. Lastly, we suggested the integration of a psychological test at the beginning of the diabetes discovery and add it to the screening of complications.
An Effective Prediction on COVID-19 Prevalence for India and Japan using Fbprophet Model
Authors: Rana Md. Mehedi Rahman , Rahman Farjana , Faysal Jabed Al , Rahman Md. Anisur
Published: August 2021

Coronavirus has become a significant concern for the whole world. It has had a substantial influence on our social and economic life. The infection rate is rapidly increasing at every moment throughout the world. At present, predicting coronavirus has become one of the challenging issues for us. As the pace of COVID-19 detection increases, so does the death rate. This research predicts the number of coronavirus detection and deaths using Fbprophet, a tool designed to assist in performing time series forecasting at a large scale. Two major affected countries, India and Japan, have been taken into consideration in our approach.  Using the prophet model, a prediction is performed on the number of total cases, new cases, total deaths and new deaths. This model works considerably well, and it has given a satisfactory result that may help the authority in taking early and appropriate decisions depending on the predicted COVID situation.
Assessment of Micro and Secondary Nutrient Combinations for Yield, Yield Attributes, and Economic Profitability of Mustard in Mid Indo-Gangetic Plains of Bihar
Authors: Kumar Vijay , Singh Abhay Kumar , Prasad Surendra , Kumari Anupama , Kundu M. S. , Singh Santosh Kumar
Published: August 2021

An on-farm trial was established at Saran district of Bihar, aiming to assess the different combinations of micro and secondary nutrients on yield and economic profitability of mustard (var. Rajendra suphalam). The experiment comprised three treatments i.e., T1: RD-S+Zn (Farmer practices), T2: RD-S+B and T3: RD-S+B+Zn and seven replications performed under a completely randomized block design during 2018-19. Results of the experiment revealed that combined application of sulphur, boron and zinc  significantly improved the number of seeds per siliqua: 37.2%, stover yield: 12.3% & seed yield: 33.3% over farmers practice (T1: RD-S+Zn). The highest seed yield and gross return in treatment T3: RD-S+B+Zn was well reflected in  the maximum net return (Rs. 40954.0 ha-1) and benefit-cost ratio (2.29). In conclusion, the combined application of sulphur, boron and zinc was performed better for mustard cultivation in the middle Indo-Gangetic plains of Bihar.
Adherence to COVID-19 Mitigation Measures among Kilifi and Mombasa Residents - An Observational Study in Coastal Kenya
Authors: Mwai Judy , Ahmed Ismail , Omogi Jarim , Abdi Mohamed , Nyole Diana , Kaduka Lydia , Mutai Joseph , Ndemwa Philip
Published: August 2021

Aim: Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic led countries into engaging public health guidelines as a strategy towards preventing infections. Hand washing, social distancing and masking remains key measures for infection control and prevention of the COVID-19. Strict adherence to public health infection control and prevention protocols is necessary to contain the spread at the community stage of the virus. National and County governments in Kenya directed efforts and resources in implementing numerous infection control and prevention measures in public places and institutions. The study assessed adherence to water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) guidelines among the residents of Kilifi and Mombasa County in combating COVID-19 infections.

Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted between 25th November and 4th December 2020 in ten sub-counties in Mombasa and Kilifi counties, Kenya. Data was collected using Open Data Kit (ODK) mobile application.

Results: Forty observations were done in Kilifi (45 percent) and Mombasa (55.0 percent). More than a third (37.5 percent) of the observations were done at the household level, followed by public buildings (30.0 percent), market/shopping centers (30.0 percent) and bus terminus (2.5 percent). More than half of the occupants in both Kilifi 55.6 percent and Mombasa 68.2 percent observed physical distancing of 1.5 meters, however, low screening of temperature at the entrance was noted. The general observation shows only 55.6 percent of the premises visited had a hand-washing station in Kilifi while 68.2 percent in Mombasa County. Most of the hand washing stations had running water and people did proper handwashing in both Counties. Only 30.0 percent of the hand station at Kilifi County had soaps.

Conclusion: COVID – 19 will continue to pose serious public health challenges as many premises still don’t adhere to some of the guidelines. Multi-sectoral feasible approaches towards ensuring further adherence on all the public health guidelines should be given priority to control and prevent COVID-19 infection
Hospital Antibiotic Prescribing Pattern in General Surgery Specialty: Analysis Based on the WHO Access, Watch and Reserve (AWaRe) Classification
Authors: Peddireddy Mounika , Mahin Juveriya , Uppu Amarnath , Padi Satyanarayana S. V.
Published: August 2021

Background: Surgical site infections are a prevalent cause of nosocomial infections that require antibiotic prophylaxis. Emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance is a major global public health issue that must be addressed. Eventually, antibiotic prescribing pattern should be examined in order to ensure that antibiotics are used appropriately and that their effectiveness is preserved.

Objective: To evaluate hospital antibiotic prescribing pattern emphasizing on cephalosporins in general surgery specialty using the WHO Access, Watch, and Reserve (AWaRe) classification.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 658 hospitalized patients who received prophylactic antibiotics in general surgery specialty for six months. The data were analysed using the ‘WHO prescribing indicators’ and examined for the WHO ‘AWaRe’ categories. The acquired data was subjected to descriptive statistics.

Results: Per encounter, the average number of drugs and antibiotics prescribed were 3.8 and 1.3, respectively. 83.4% encounters were with at least one antibiotic and 94.5% encounters had parenteral antibiotics. 31.3% and 77.8% antibiotics were prescribed by generic name and from the Essential Medicines List, respectively. The most frequently prescribed antibiotics were the third generation cephalosporins (36.8%) wherein ceftriaxone (22.0%) and cefoperazone (7.2%) were the two most commonly prescribed. A total of 14 specific antibiotics, ‘Access’ 5 and ‘Watch’ 9 were prescribed. Based on the WHO AWaRe classification, 42.3% ‘Access’ and 57.7% ‘Watch’ group antibiotics prescribed. All the prescribed cephalosporins (100%) were from the ‘Watch’ category. Amikacin (13.5%) and ceftriaxone (22.0%) were the most commonly prescribed ‘Access’ and ‘Watch’ group antibiotics, respectively. Amoxicillin index was 7.5 and ‘Access-to-Watch’ index was 0.7, which were much below the priority values.

Conclusion: The antibiotic prescription pattern seen in this study did not entirely meet the WHO recommendations. Antibiotics from the ‘Watch’ category, notably cephalosporins, were commonly prescribed. To retain antibiotic effectiveness and encourage rational antibiotic use, as well as to overcome antibiotic resistance, changes and surveillance antibiotics prescribing are required.