bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pose estimation via structure-depth information from monocular endoscopy images sequence
Authors: Liu Shiyuan , Fan Jingfan , Zang Liugeng , Yang Yun , Fu Tianyu , Song Hong , Wang Yongtian , Yang Jian
Published: December 2023

Image-based endoscopy pose estimation has been shown to significantly improve the visualization and accuracy of minimally invasive surgery (MIS). This paper proposes a method for pose estimation based on structure-depth information from a monocular endoscopy image sequence. Firstly, the initial frame location is constrained using the image structure difference (ISD) network. Secondly, endoscopy image depth information is used to estimate the pose of sequence frames. Finally, adaptive boundary constraints are used to optimize continuous frame endoscopy pose estimation, resulting in more accurate intraoperative endoscopy pose estimation. Evaluations were conducted on publicly available datasets, with the pose estimation error in bronchoscopy and colonoscopy datasets reaching 1.43 mm and 3.64 mm, respectively. These results meet the real-time requirements of various scenarios, demonstrating the capability of this method to generate reliable pose estimation results for endoscopy images and its meaningful applications in clinical practice. This method enables accurate localization of endoscopy images during surgery, assisting physicians in performing safer and more effective procedures.
Experimental demonstration of a Fano resonant hybrid plasmonic metasurface absorber for the O and E bands of the optical communication window
Authors: Verma Sagar Kumar , Srivastava Sachin Kumar
Published: December 2023

Plasmonic metasurface absorbers are capable of absorbing the incident light at wavelengths corresponding to the excitation of Fano resonant modes. Absorption of the incident light is possible because of its confinement near the edges of the plasmonic nanostructure. Confinement of light takes place because of the coupling of superradiant and subradiant modes near the edges of the plasmonic metasurface. Superradiant and subradiant modes are excited for the oblique angle incidence of transverse magnetic (TM)-polarized light. The incidence of TM-polarized light supports the excitation of surface plasmon modes at the metal–dielectric interface. For the oblique angle incidence, surface plasmon modes couple with the incident light and generate the superradiant and subradiant modes near the plasmonic metasurface. We experimentally demonstrate the absorption of near-infrared light in the O and E optical communication band by a one-dimensional (1D) hybrid plasmonic metasurface. A low-cost, and flexible, 1D hybrid plasmonic metasurface absorber (HPMA) was obtained by extracting an Ag-coated, flexible, and 1D patterned polycarbonate layer from a digital versatile disc (DVD). The DVD consists of an Ag layer sandwiched between two 1D patterned polycarbonate layers. A large-area HPMA of 3cm2 in size was fabricated for optical characterization. Control experiments on the variation of the angle of incidence of light were performed to achieve the maximum light absorption of  79%. The effect of transverse electric (TE)- and TM-polarized light on the HPMA was studied. The effect of the thickness of the polymer layer on the HPMA, and per unit change of refractive index (RIU) of the analyte medium, were also investigated. HPMA supports refractive index sensing characteristics with a maximum sensitivity of 954 nm/RIU. Electric field profiles at different incidence angles were simulated using the finite element method on COMSOL Multiphysics software to explain the underlying physics of Fano resonance. HPMA can be used to develop cost-effective photonic devices such as sensors, spectral filters, photodetectors, heat-absorbing protective photonic covers, etc.
Temperature-insensitive high-sensitivity refractive index sensor based on a thinned helical fiber grating with an intermediate period
Authors: Zhang Heng , Chen Yu , Huang Xinyue , Wang Yutao , Zhang Wenjian , Lu Huali , Ni Xiaoqi , Hao Hui , Zhao Hua , Wang Peng , Li Hongpu
Published: December 2023

A temperature-insensitive high-sensitivity refractive index sensor is proposed and experimentally demonstrated, which is based on utilization of a thinned helical fiber grating but with an intermediate period (THFGIP). Attributed to the reduced diameter and an intermediate period of the grating, the proposed sensor has a high surrounding refractive-index (SRI) sensitivity and a low temperature sensitivity. The average SRI sensitivity of the proposed sensor is up to 829.9 nm/RIU in the range of 1.3410–1.4480 RIU. Moreover, unlike the traditional sensitivity-enhancement method by increasing the waveguide dispersion factor, here the waveguide dispersion factor at the resonant wavelength was decreased by reducing the diameter of the fiber grating and as a result, the crosstalk effect due to the temperature change can be further suppressed. The proposed temperature-insensitive SRI sensor has the superiorities of simple structure, ease fabrication, and low cost, which could be found more potential applications in the SRI sensing fields.
Functionally switchable terahertz metasurface under linearly polarized and circularly polarized waves incidence
Authors: Zhang Shu-ping , Li Jiu-Sheng , Guo Feng-lei
Published: December 2023

Currently, most reported terahertz metasurfaces can only respond to terahertz waves with a single polarization state (linearly polarized or circularly polarized wave), which poses a problem of limited degrees of freedom in regulation. Facing this challenging issue, we design a functionally switchable terahertz metasurface that can achieve independent control of linearly polarized and circularly polarized terahertz waves. It comprises a top layer photosensitive silicon and metal composite structure, a middle polyimide medium, and a bottom layer metal plate. By changing the conductivity of photosensitive silicon, the same metasurface structure can achieve two different functional mode switching under different polarization wave incidences, such as switching between beam splitting and vortex beam, switching between RCS and multi vortex beams, switching between single focus and multi focus. This structure provides a new idea for the flexible regulation of terahertz waves.
Governance and competitiveness evaluation of China’s financial asset management corporations
Authors: Huang Guangcan , Su Jinqi
Published: December 2023

With the development of non-performing assets market and the requirement of maintaining national financial security and stability, asset management corporations (AMC) have set up in recent years, facing the dilemma of governance reform and competitiveness improvement. This paper puts forward the Governance-Performance-Competitiveness theory of asset management corporations, and constructs the comprehensive competitiveness evaluation index system of based on internal and external governance mechanisms, and studies the factors and degrees of internal and external governance affecting competitiveness by combining principal component analysis method and grey correlation analysis method. The empirical results show that the asset scale and profitability of asset management corporations directly determine their competitiveness level to a large extent, and the correlation between external governance mechanism and competitiveness is stronger than that of internal governance mechanism. Clustering and grouping are conducted based on the size of competitiveness, and China’s local asset management corporation system presents a diamond structure. China’s local financial asset management corporations should strengthen the top-level design of internal governance, attach importance to external governance, expand and strengthen the asset scale, and carry out full-chains business while implementing a differentiated development model to achieve sustainable development when adhering to the principal business of non-performing assets.
Aerobic exercise interventions to address impaired quality of life in patients with pituitary tumors
Authors: Hong Christopher S. , Smith Timothy R.
Published: December 2023

Patients with pituitary tumors may experience persistent fatigue and reduced physical activity, based on subjective measures after treatment. These symptoms may persist despite gross total resection of their tumors and biochemical normalization of pituitary function. While reduced quality of life has been commonly acknowledged in pituitary tumor patients, there is a lack of studies on what interventions may be best implemented to ameliorate these issues, particularly when hormonal levels have otherwise normalized. Aerobic exercise programs have been previously described to ameliorate symptoms of chronic fatigue and reduced physical capacity across a variety of pathologies in the literature. As such, a prescribed aerobic exercise program may be an underrecognized but potentially impactful intervention to address quality of life in pituitary tumor patients. This review seeks to summarize the existing literature on aerobic exercise interventions in patients with pituitary tumors. In addition, future areas of study are discussed, including tailoring exercise programs to the hormonal status of the patient and incorporating more objective measures in monitoring response to interventions.
Analysis of uterine evacuation methods in postabortion care after implementation of a surveillance network (CLAP MUSA-Network) at a university hospital
Authors: Veiga-Junior Nelio N. , Eugeni Caroline , Kajiura Beatriz D. , F. Dantas Priscilla B. , Trabach Caroline B. , Junqueira Aline A. , Nunes Carina C. , Baccaro Luiz F.
Published: December 2023

Background

Management of uterine evacuation is essential for increasing safe abortion care. Monitoring through surveillance systems tracks changes in clinical practice and provides information to improve equity in abortion care quality.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of manual vacuum aspiration (MVA) and medical abortion (MA), and identify the factors associated with each uterine evacuation method after surveillance network installation at a Brazilian hospital.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included women admitted for abortion or miscarriage to the University of Campinas Women’s Hospital, Brazil, between July 2017 and November 2020. The dependent variables were the use of MVA and MA with misoprostol. The independent variables were the patients’ clinical and sociodemographic data. The Cochran–Armitage, chi-square, and Mann–Whitney U tests, as well as multiple logistic regression analysis, were used to compare uterine evacuation methods.

Results

We enrolled 474 women in the study, 91.35% of whom underwent uterine evacuation via uterine curettage (78.75%), MVA (9.46%), or MA (11.54%). MVA use increased during the study period (Z = 9.85, p < 0.001). Admission in 2020 (odds ratio [OR] 64.22; 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.79–1086.69) and lower gestational age (OR 0.837; 95% CI 0.724–0.967) were independently associated with MVA, whereas the only factor independently associated with MA was a higher education level (OR 2.66; 95% CI 1.30–5.46).

Conclusion

MVA use increased following the installation of a surveillance network for good clinical practice. Being part of a network that encourages the use of evidence-based methods provides an opportunity for healthcare facilities to increase access to safe abortions.
Impact of financial literacy on household stock profit level in China
Authors: Luo Zhiyuan , Azam S. M. Ferdous , Wang Laixi
Published: December 2023

The popularization of financial literacy has become a global trend, with governments across the world expressing commitment to continuously enhancing the financial literacy of their citizens to improve the country’s overall financial well-being. However, there is a lack of research evaluating the actual effects of financial literacy on Chinese households. This study first investigated the micro impact of financial literacy on the household stock profit level using data from the 2019 China Household Finance Survey. As most existing studies use factor analysis to measure financial literacy from a single dimension of financial knowledge, our study additionally used the entropy method to construct a composite evaluation system of financial literacy from four dimensions: financial skills, knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. The ordinary least squares model was utilized as the primary regression model to estimate the correlation, and the average financial literacy of other households in the same community was selected as an instrumental variable. Further instrumental variable regression analysis was conducted using the two-stage least squares method. Three robustness tests were performed to ensure the reliability of the research findings. The results demonstrate that financial literacy significantly enhances household stock profit levels. The mediation effect analysis indicates that financial literacy affects stock profit levels through financial information attention. Moreover, financial literacy has a more substantial promoting effect on stock profit levels for households with members working for state-owned enterprises and those living in first-tier cities. This study confirms the value of financial literacy; identifies important channels for residents to increase their property income; and provides important guidance for the government, educational organizations, and financial institutions. This also injects more vigor into market participation to improve the persistently sluggish Chinese stock market.
ERRADICAÇÃO DA POBREZA COMO PREMISSA DA DEMOCRACIA E DA SUSTENTABILIDADE – APONTAMENTOS À LUZ DO GARANTISMO DE LUIGI FERRAJOLI
Authors: Da Silva Silveira André
Published: December 2023

Por meio do presente artigo, objetiva-se analisar a correlação entre a erradicação da pobreza, prevista no artigo 3º, III, da Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil (CRFB) e um dos Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) da Agenda 2030 da Organização das Nações Unidas, e as ideias de democracia e sustentabilidade, a partir do modelo constitucional garantista de Luigi Ferrajoli. Em apertada síntese, a teoria garantista de Ferrajoli, inserida, como afirma o próprio autor, dentro de um modelo positivista de teoria do direito, identifica a necessidade de cumprimento máximo das normas constitucionais, não somente no seu aspecto formal, mas também no seu aspecto substancial ou material. Ademais, à luz das lições do autor, tal programa de efetivação dos direitos humanos é dever não somente dos Estado soberanos, mas de toda a comunidade internacional. O método utilizado foi indutivo. Como resultado, destaca-se que, dentre as diversas agendas programáticas que as normas constitucionais e os tratados internacionais garantem, a redução da pobreza afigura-se como uma das principais, na medida em que sua observância salvaguarda os direitos materiais mínimos dos cidadãos, constituindo-se verdadeira questão de direitos humanos, além de possibilitar um melhor manejo do meio ambiente, de forma que também constitui premissa para sustentabilidade.
Multifocal Follicular Lymphoma Isolated to the Gastrointestinal Tract: A Rare Finding
Authors: Garcia Alexander , Qureshi Mahir , Dhawan Ishita , Allen Ashleigh , Budak-Alpdogan Tulin , Giordano Samuel
Published: December 2023

Follicular lymphoma (FL) is a common form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Although extranodal involvement of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is common in lymphomas, primary GI-FL confined to the GI tract is relatively rare. The disease process is typically indolent in nature and usually incidentally found. Among this subset of patients, the duodenum and terminal ileum tend to be the most common site of origin. Here, we present a rare case of primary multifocal GI-FL that found incidentally during routine colonoscopy with subsequent esophagogastroduodenoscopy and video capsule endoscopy revealing duodenal, jejunal, and sigmoid colon involvement.
Development of Shingles on Tofacitinib Despite Completion of Recombinant Varicella-Zoster Virus Vaccine Series
Authors: Thomas Braden , Moskow Joshua , Garza Manuel , Warren Benjamin , Abraham Bincy , Glassner Kerri
Published: December 2023

Shingles, also known as herpes zoster, is caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). The risk of developing shingles increases with age, as well as in patients with weakened immune systems. Tofacitinib is a reversible Janus kinase inhibitor that suppresses the immune system and is used to treat autoimmune diseases, such as ulcerative colitis. Recombinant VZV vaccine is recommended for individuals taking tofacitinib and is highly effective at reducing the risk of shingles. This case report describes a patient with severe, refractory ulcerative colitis who developed shingles while on tofacitinib, despite prior vaccination with the recombinant VZV vaccine.
Saddle Nose Deformity in a Patient With Crohn's Disease
Authors: Gawey Brent J. , Guerrero Vinsard Daniela , Own Maryam , Kane Sunanda V.
Published: December 2023

Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, frequently presenting with extraintestinal manifestations. Granulomatosis with polyangiitis is a systemic vasculitis primarily affecting the respiratory tract and kidneys. Extraintestinal Crohn's disease and granulomatosis with polyangiitis may have similar clinical presentations and, in rare occurrences, can coexist. This case report highlights the diagnostic and therapeutic complexities of this uncommon overlap syndrome.
Primary Pancreatic Liposarcoma: An Unexpected Cause of a Pancreatic Mass
Authors: Wilson Natalie , Issak Abdulfatah , Amin Khalid , Tuttle Todd M. , Trikudanathan Guru , Mallery Shawn
Published: December 2023

Liposarcoma is the most common type of soft-tissue sarcoma and typically occurs in the extremities or retroperitoneum. Primary liposarcoma of the pancreas is exceedingly rare, with only 10 cases reported since 1979. We present a patient who was incidentally discovered to have a pancreatic mass on imaging, which was ultimately diagnosed as dedifferentiated pancreatic liposarcoma. We review the clinical and histologic features of pancreatic liposarcoma in this case and in the 10 previously reported cases to increase awareness and knowledge of this rare disease.
Gambaran Efikasi Diri Mahasiswa Santri Penghafal Al-Qur’an
Authors: Noor Hana Nabila , Pihasniwati Pihasniwati
Published: December 2023

College students who memorize al-qur’an are expected to have high self-efficacy because memorizing al-qur’an requires a long process and takes a long time. This study aims to explore and to understand self-efficacy of college students who memorize al-qur’an and to explore what factors influence their self-efficacy. This qualitative research used phenomenological approach with three participants. The data analysis used is an explication technique. The results showed three participants have strong self-efficacy. The three participants interpret the process they need to face during memorizing Al-Qur’an and following academic schedule as a challenge that must be completed. They managed their activities well, as well as they have successfully mastered various tasks. One participant focused on maximizing the process of memorizing al-qur’an and following academic schedule, while two other participants were maximizing their process in memorizing al-qur’an, following the lecture and also joining the organization. Three participants have also good confidence in their own ability to complete their target in memorizing al-qur’an and their study as well. Factors that influenced their self-efficacy are included their previous achievements, motivation to seek knowledge and emulating the success of others, and parental support. Mahasiswa yang menghafal al-qur’an diharapkan memiliki efikasi diri yang tinggi karena menghafal al-qur’an membutuhkan proses yang panjang dan membutuhkan waktu yang lama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali dan memahami efikasi diri mahasiswa penghafal al-qur’an serta menggali faktor-faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi efikasi diri mahasiswa tersebut. Penelitian kualitatif ini menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologis dengan tiga partisipan. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik eksplikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tiga partisipan memiliki efikasi diri yang kuat. Ketiga partisipan memaknai proses yang harus mereka hadapi selama menghafal al-qur’an dan mengikuti jadwal akademik sebagai tantangan yang harus diselesaikan. Mereka mengatur kegiatannya dengan baik, mereka berhasil menguasai berbagai tugas. Satu partisipan fokus memaksimalkan proses menghafal al-qur’an dan mengikuti perkuliahan, sedangkan dua peserta lainnya memaksimalkan proses menghafal al-qur’an, mengikuti perkuliahan dan juga berorganisasi. Tiga partisipan juga percaya diri dengan kemampuan mereka sendiri untuk menyelesaikan target mereka dalam menghafal al-qur'an dan studi mereka. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi efikasi diri mereka meliputi prestasi sebelumnya yang telah diraih, motivasi mencari ilmu dan meniru keberhasilan orang lain, dan dukungan orang tua.
Mindful Parenting and Anxiety in Full-time Working Mothers
Authors: Nurinayah Andi , Rinaldi Martaria Rizky
Published: December 2023

Full-time working mothers face numerous challenges that can lead to anxiety. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between mindful parenting and anxiety among full-time working mothers. The participants in this study consisted of 99 mothers engaged in full-time employment. The sampling technique used was convenience sampling. Data were collected using the Mindful Parenting Scale and the Anxiety Scale from the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS). Data were analyzed using product-moment correlation analysis. The results of the data analysis showed a correlation (rxy) = -0.210 with p < 0.050. This result indicates a negative correlation between mindful parenting and anxiety among full-time working mothers, meaning that higher level of mindful parenting is associated with lower level of anxiety. Conversely, lower level of mindful parenting is associated with higher level of anxiety. Therefore, it is recommended to provide intervention to enhance mindful parenting among working mothers to help reduce their anxiety. Ibu yang bekerja penuh waktu mengalami banyak tantangan yang dapat menyebabkan kecemasan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji hubungan antara mindful parenting dengan kecemasan pada ibu yang bekerja penuh waktu.  Partisipan dalam penelitian ini yaitu sejumlah 99 ibu yang menjalani pekerjaan penuh waktu. Teknik sampling yang digunakan yaitu convenience sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan skala mindful parenting dan skala kecemasan dari Depression, Anxiety, and Stres Scale (DASS). Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis korelasi product moment. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa terdapat korelasi (rxy) = -0,210 dengan p < 0,050. Hasil ini mengindikasikan adanya korelasi negatif antara mindful parenting dan kecemasan pada ibu yang bekerja penuh waktu, artinya semakin tinggi mindful parenting maka semakin rendah kecemasan. Sebaliknya, semakin rendah mindful parenting maka semakin tinggi kecemasan. Dengan demikian, disarankan pemberian intervensi untuk meningkatkan mindful parenting pada ibu bekerja untuk dapat membantu mengurangi kecemasannya.
Technology hypes: Practices, approaches and assessments
Authors: Bareis Jascha , Roßmann Maximilian , Bordignon Frédérique
Published: December 2023

To date, the study of hype has become a productive but also eclectic field of research. This introduction provides an overview of the core characteristics of technology hype and distinguishes it from other future-oriented concepts. Further, the authors present promising approaches from various disciplines for studying, critiquing, and dealing with hype. The special issue assembles case studies, methodological and theoretical contributions that analyze tech hypes’ temporality, agency, and institutional dynamics. It provides insights into how hypes are triggered and fostered, but also how they can be deconstructed and anticipated.
Tech hype as a mnemonic process: Misremembering the land problem in India
Authors: Arora Cheshta , Sarkar Debarun
Published: December 2023

This research article considers tech hype as a mnemonic process that makes us remember or forget the world, technology, and the myriad ways we can relate to it. The argument is based on an auto-ethnographic vignette and a close reading of two key texts in the discourse on using technology for land management in India. The article shows how technology, the social, and the practice of knowledge-production can be rethought in this mock battle between hype and criticism of hype.
Technology hype, promises, and expectations: The discussion on small modular reactors in the Finnish newspaper ‘Helsingin Sanomat’ in 2000–2022
Authors: Kari Mika , Lehtonen Markku , Litmanen Tapio , Kojo Matti
Published: December 2023

While the construction of collective promises is vital to the success of any techno-scientific innovation, it also entails the risk of overpromising and cycles of hype and disappointment. This article explores the discursive construction of the nuclear sector’s latest promise concerning small modular reactors (SMRs), using Finland as an example. It provides a brief overview of the Finnish context of SMR development and analyzes it's coverage in the leading Finnish daily newspaper Helsingin Sanomat 2000–2022. Efforts at promise construction have so far been aimed at building legitimacy for SMRs, while strengthening credibility – another key element of successful promise construction – has only just begun. The increasing number of SMR-related articles indicates a growing hype, but the absence of a corresponding ‘hype language’ suggests that the considerable media attention does not automatically translate into emphatic media coverage and discursive hyping.
Don’t believe the hype?: Imagined business futures and overpromising for a decarbonized economy
Authors: Frisch Thomas
Published: December 2023

International climate governance is increasingly focusing on the role of the private sector. This article explores how companies translate the narrative of deep decarbonization into their entrepreneurial visions of the future. Based on a qualitative multiple case study, it shows that overpromising is an essential feature of imagined business futures, and identifies three forms of overpromising: contradiction, exaggeration, and commitment. The research article contributes to the emerging field of hype and overpromising by proposing a contextual and nuanced understanding of overpromising. The results illustrate the power of desirable transformation narratives, but also their limitations and side effects.
Overpromising in science and technology: An evaluative conceptualization
Authors: Gaillard Stefan , Mody Cyrus , Halffman Willem
Published: December 2023

This research article examines overpromising in scientific discourse that may raise unrealistic expectations in order to gain trust and funding. Drawing on signaling theory, philosophy of promising, and science communication research, a conceptualization of overpromising is presented. This conceptualization facilitates the evaluation of promises in science and technology and highlights the importance of the knowledge context. Further research is needed to explore the broader dimensions and motivations for overpromising.
MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS OF A TUBERCULOSIS MODEL WITH TWO DIFFERENT STAGES OF INFECTION
Authors: Permatasari Anindita Henindya , Utomo Robertus Heri Soelistyo
Published: December 2023

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease. This disease causes death and the world notes that Tuberculosis has a high mortality rate. A mathematical model of Tuberculosis with  two infection stages of individuals, pre infected and actively infected, is studied in this paper. The rate of treatment considered in this model. The stability analysis of the equilibrium is determined by the basic reproduction ratio. Routh Hurwitz linearization is used for investigate the local stability of uninfected equilibrium. While the global stability of endemic equilibrium is investigated by construct Lyapunov function. The effect of treatment in pre infected and actively infected stages can reduce the spread rate of Tuberculosis as shown in numerical simulation.
A CLOSER LOOK AT A PATH DOMINATION NUMBER IN GRID GRAPHS
Authors: Casinillo Leomarich F
Published: December 2023

This article exposes the combinatorial formula that determines the pathdomination number in a grid graph and discusses some of its properties. Seven propertiesare derived regarding the path domination number of grid graphs. Furthermore, some additional properties as direct consequences of the derived main properties are alsodiscussed.
Variabilnost v vsebnosti mangana v vzorcih trav in črne detelje
Authors: OREŠNIK Andrej , LAVRENČIČ Andrej , STOPAR Jože
Published: December 2023

V letu 1997 smo na različnih parcelah iste površine v štirih košnjah in v različnih razvojnih fazah rastlin zbrali po 10 vzorcev črne detelje (Trifolium pratense) in mnogocvetne ljuljke (Lolium multiflorum) ter po 8 vzorcev mačjega repa (Phleum pratense), trpežne ljuljke (Lolium perenne), travniške bilnice (Festuca pratensis), rdeče bilnice (Festuca rubra) in pasje trave (Dactylis glomerata). Največjo povprečno vsebnost mangana v suhi snovi smo ugotovili v vzorcih pasje trave (215,3 ± 54,9 mg kg-1 SS) in v vzorcih rdeče bilnice (55,7 ± 7,8 mg kg-1 SS). Druge trave in črna detelja so vsebovale statistično značilno manj mangana v suhi snovi (od 33,1 mg do 42,0 mg kg-1 SS). Pri travah z manjšo vsebnostjo mangana in pri črni detelji je bila ob prvi košnji vsebnost mangana največja v fazi bilčenja (25,2 mg do 61,6 mg kg-1 SS) in najmanjša v fazi cvetenja (16,6 mg do 47,8 mg kg-1 SS). Pri pasji travi pa je vsebnost mangana v suhi snovi z zorenjem rastline v prvi košnji naraščala (od 145,5 mg na 179,5 mg kg-1 SS). Najmanjša povprečna koncentracija mangana je bila pri vseh travah in pri črni detelji v vzorcih prve košnje (od 21,0 mg do 53,0 mg kg-1 SS) in največja jeseni ob četrti košnji (od 42,2 mg do 68,7 mg kg-1 SS), pri pasji travi pa je bila ob prvi košnji 160 mg, ob drugi 272,0 mg in se je v tretji in četrti košnji zmanjšala na 209,6 mg oziroma 215,4 mg kg-1 SS.
Deoxyribonuclease activities of rumen bacteria from the genus Prevotella
Authors: ACCETTO Tomaž , AVGUŠTIN Gorazd
Published: December 2023

Twenty-nine strains belonging to four species of the anaerobic bacterial genus Prevotella were tested for deoxyribonuclease activity against the nonmethylated l phage DNA and circular plasmid pBR322 DNA. The rate of DNA degradation when comparing different species and even strains within the tested species showed large variation. The strains of the species P. brevis and P.bryantii (with exception of the strain TC1-1) all exhibit high activity and completely degraded l DNA after 30 seconds. No DNase activity could however be detected with 14 of the 29 tested strains. The survey of the DNase activities confirmed the validity of the recent reclassification of rumen bacteria from the genus Prevotella. A simple method allowing the screening of DNase activities of anaerobic rumen microorganisms on agar plates is described too.
Dairy technology on the turn of the millennium
Authors: PUHAN Zdenko
Published: December 2023

In general, the incentive for developing new technologies is determined by a) the need for increased product safety, economy and protection of the environment for existing products; b) the demand of consumers and the market for new dairy products and for foods containing milk ingredients. Membrane technology for separation and concentration of milk offers possibilities in the manufacture of existing consumer products such as cheese, liquid and fermented milk products as well as for the preparation of tailor-made products. One of the emerging technologies is the use of ultra-high-pressure because of its marked influence on milk proteins including enzymes, on lipids and on microorganisms. As this is a very costly technology, its application within the dairy industry may, therefore, be limited to special products. Despite the fact that the manufacturing process for all fermented dairy products includes biological operations, the introduction of new biotechnological methods to transform milk ingredients, the production of specific metabolites and continuous fermentation processes will increasingly gain importance in dairy plants. Energy saving in dairy industry will remain an important task for the technologists of the future. The milk industry is facing increasing product competition. Consequently, the intensive co-operation between industry and basic research is vital.
Analiza genskega zapisa acidocinov LF221 A in B seva Lactobacillus gasseri LF221
Authors: ČANŽEK MAJHENIČ Andreja , ROGELJ Irena
Published: December 2023

Z metodami molekularne biologije smo pripravili odseka DNA seva LF221 z zapisom za acidocin LF221 A oziroma acidocin LF221B. Na 0,9 kb dolgem odseku BamHI/HindIII, ki ima zapis za acidocin LF221 A, smo ugotovili prisotnost dveh bralnih okvirjev (ORF) ter del tretjega. Za OrfA2 se je izkazalo, da nosi zapis za strukturni gen za acidocin LF221 A (Acd221A), medtem ko OrfA3 nosi zapis za peptid, dolg 90 aminokislinskih ostankov, ki ima zelo verjetno vlogo proteina imunosti (Aci221A). OrfA1, za katerega je trenutno znanih 37 aminokislin, pa je najverjetneje komplementarni peptid (Acd221α) acidocina LF221 A. Z analizo 1,8 kb dolgega odseka EcoRI/HindIII (ima zapis za acidocin LF221 B) smo potrdili prisotnost štirih zaključenih ORF in enega nepopolnega. OrfB3, OrfB4 in OrfB5, ki nosijo zapis za komplementarni peptid (Acd221β) acidocina LF221 B, aktivni peptid (Acd221B) acidocina LF221 B oziroma protein imunosti (Aci221B), se nahajajo na istem operonu. Iz rezultatov analiz genskega zapisa acidocinov in sosednjih genov smo zaključili, da gre za dva različna, dvo-peptidna bakteriocina seva LF221.
Kalivost oluščenega in obrušenega semena pire (Triticum aestivum L. var. spelta) v primerjavi s kalivostjo plevnatega semena
Authors: KOCJAN AČKO Darja
Published: December 2023

Kmetje, ki sejejo oluščeno ali oluščeno in obrušeno seme pire (Triticum aestivum L. var. spelta) ugotavljajo slab vznik, zapleveljenost redkega posevka, pridelek pa je manjši od pričakovanega. V postopku luščenja plevnatega semena in brušenja oluščenega semena pire lahko nastanejo poškodbe, zaradi katerih seme ne kali ali le deloma kali. Da bi ugotovili razlike med različno obdelanimi semeni in da bodo kmetje, ki ne kupijo deklariranega semena, posejali seme pire s čim večjo kalivostjo, je bila z laboratorijskimi testi kalivosti po metodiki ISTA preučena kalivost plevnatega, oluščenega in obrušenega semena pire sorte 'Ostro' iz pridelka na isti njivi  v letih 2002 in 2003 pri štirih pridelovalcih. Luščenjenje in brušenje je potekalo na različnih aparatih v lasti pridelovalcev ali služnostno drugje. V primerjavi s povprečno 96,4-odstotno kalivostjo plevnatega semena pire pri vseh pridelovalcih v obeh letih, je bila povprečna kalivost oluščenega semena 80,5-odstotna, kalivost obrušenega semena pa le 37,8-odstotna. Na podlagi rezultatov kalivosti je za setev najbolj ustrezno plevnato seme pire. Oluščeno seme posejano z žitno sejalnico ima prednost pred plevnatim semenom le pri dovolj veliki kalivosti. Med štirimi vzorci oluščenega semena je bila obe leti preučevanja kalivost nad 90 % samo pri vzorcu od enega pridelovalca. Obrušeno seme pire je zaradi premajhne kalivosti neprimerno ne le za setev, ampak tudi za pripravo kalčkov, na kar velja še posebej opozoriti uporabnike. V kolikor semena za setev ali kalčkov ne spremlja semenska deklaracija, naj uporabniki izvedejo test kalivosti po metodi med papirjem (BP), ki ima zaradi enostavne izvedbe prednost pred drugimi metodami, s katerimi se ugotavlja laboratorijska kalivost semena.
Strokovna praksa med študijem živilske tehnologije
Authors: DUMOULIN Elisabeth , KING Richard , ABRAM Veronika
Published: December 2023

Evropska tematska mreža ISEKI-Food je s pomočjo svojih članov pripravila vprašalnike, s katerimi naj bi opredelila vlogo in kvaliteto ter slabosti strokovne prakse v študijskem programu živilske tehnologije.
Laboratorijsko testiranje trsnih rumenic v Sloveniji kaže na splošno prisotnost rumenice tipa počrnelosti lesa
Authors: PETROVIČ Nataša , BOBEN Jana , RAVNIKAR Maja
Published: December 2023

Trsne rumenice povzročajo fitoplazme različnih tipov, od katerih sta najpomembnejša zlata trsna rumenica (Flavescence doree, FD) in rumenica tipa počrnelosti lesa (Bois noir, BN). Za nadzor nad trsnimi rumenicami je nujno poznavanje tipa fitoplazme, ki daje osnovne smernice za strategijo zatiranja. Tip fitoplazme je mogoče določiti le z laboratorijskim testiranjem. V testiranje so bili zajeti trsi z bolj ali manj izraženimi bolezenskimi znamenji trsnih rumenic. V večini na fitoplazme pozitivnih trsih smo uspeli določiti tudi tip fitoplazme. Rezultati laboratorijskih testiranj v letih 2002 in 2003 kažejo na splošno prisotnost fitoplazme BN v vseh vinorodnih deželah v Sloveniji.
Senzorična analiza: metode in preskuševalci
Authors: GOLOB Terezija , JAMNIK Mojca , BERTONCELJ Jasna , DOBERŠEK Urška
Published: December 2023

Senzorična analiza je definirana kot znanstvena disciplina prepoznavanja in opisovanja senzoričnih lastnosti, zaznanih s človekovimi čuti. Obsega zaznavanje prisotnosti ali intenzivnosti različnih senzoričnih lastnosti, razlikovanje v zaznavanju in kvantitativno ocenjevanje. Senzorično analizo lahko izvajajo trije tipi senzoričnih preskuševalcev: preskuševalci začetniki, izbrani preskuševalci in izvedenci. Panel je skupina preskuševalcev, izbranih in usposobljenih za delo na določenem senzoričnem preskusu. Kakšen postopek oziroma senzorično metodo bomo izbrali, je odvisno od namena ocenjevanja, vrste, narave in števila izdelkov in usposobljenosti preskuševalcev. Izbiramo lahko med hedonskimi in analitičnimi preskusi. Hedonske preskuse uporabimo pri ugotavljanju stopnje sprejemljivosti in dajanju prednosti, analitične pa za ugotavljanje razlik in merjenje specifičnih senzoričnih lastnosti izdelka. Pri tem moramo razlikovati med: preskusi razlikovanja, ki so pri senzoričnem ocenjevanju široko uporabni in omogočajo določitev majhnih razlik med dvema izdelkoma; preskusi z uporabo lestvic, ki se uporabljajo za določanje intenzivnosti razlik ali za uvrščanje vzorcev v kategorije oziroma razrede; opisno analizo, ki jo, kot najbolj izpopolnjeno senzorično tehniko, lahko izvajajo le eksperti in omogoča popoln opis vseh zaznanih senzoričnih lastnosti, v takem vrstnem redu, kot jih zaznamo.
Influence of foliar-applied phosphorus and potassium on photosynthesis and transpiration of ‘Golden Delicious’ apple leaves (Malus domestica Borkh.)
Authors: VEBERIČ Robert , VODNIK Dominik , ŠTAMPAR Franci
Published: December 2023

The influence of foliar-applied phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) on leaf photosynthesis, transpiration and water use efficiency during the season was studied in Malus domestica ‘Golden Delicious’. The research was carried out on 14-year-old trees on M9 rootstocks. Trees were either sprayed with PK (Hascon M 10 AD), P (Radicon) or K fertiliser (Krad) or left unsprayed (control). PK spraying improved leaf potassium content and postponed the seasonal decrease in leaf potassium concentration. In other treatments, on the other hand, fertilizers were less effective in terms of leaf nutrient concentration enhancement. In general P, and to a lesser extent PK, spraying resulted in reduced leaf photosynthesis and transpiration to the K and control treatments. High leaf photosynthetic and transpiration rates were measured in the control. Trees sprayed with PK showed the highest water use efficiency during the summer period, which could be a benefit in response to water stress, frequently experienced under given climate.
Genetske in biotehnološke osnove kakovosti škroba v rastlinskih pridelkih in živilih
Authors: ŠKRABANJA Vida
Published: December 2023

V delu je pregled problemov sinteze škroba v rastlinah, pomen amilopektina in amiloze. Na prehransko kakovost škroba vpliva amiloza in možnost nastanka retrogradiranega škroba. Opisane so genetske osnove sinteze škroba in možni biotehnološki posegi, ki lahko vplivajo na spremembo količine in kakovosti škroba.
Prediction of chemical composition and energy value of hay by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS)
Authors: ŽNIDARŠIČ Tomaž , VERBIČ Jože , BABNIK Drago
Published: December 2023

One hundred and fifty-eight hay samples with known chemical composition and in vitro determined concentration of net energy for lactation (NEL) were scanned over the wavelength range from 1100 to 2500 nm at 8 nm intervals. Calibration equations for the prediction of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fibre (CF), crude fat, ash and NEL were developed by the use of principal component analysis. NIRS demonstrated high predictive ability for CP (R2 = 0.98), CF (R2 = 0.95) and ash (R2 = 0.94). Only moderate accuracy was characteristic for DM (0.87) and crude fat (R2 = 0.75). With exception of ash deviations from reference methods are comparable to those which are expected by the use of the same reference methods in different laboratories. NIRS has a high ability to predict in vitro assessed NEL concentration (R2 = 0.89). More than 95% of samples lied within acceptable limits of ± 0.3 MJ NEL kg–1 dry matter (DM). Despite suboptimal sample distribution, i.e. small number of samples in classes below 4.4 and above 5.6 MJ NEL kg–1 DM, the deviations of NIRS predicted values from reference values were not related to concentration of NEL. It was concluded that NIRS is rapid and reliable technique for determination of chemical composition and energy value of hay.
Inspections in the agricultural practice from the Nitrate directive point of view
Authors: SVOBODA Josef
Published: December 2023

Central Institute for Supervising and Testing in Agriculture (CISTA) is one of supervision bodies for checks of keeping conditions of Cross-Compliance (Council Directive 91/676/EEC and Council Directive 86/278/EEC). Based on results of inspections focused on the Nitrate directive, the main risk of water pollution is due to storage of farm fertilizers (manure, slurry, etc.)
Sposobnost biohidrogenacije linolne kisline pri vampni bakteriji Pseudobutyrivibrio xylanivorans Mz5T
Authors: ČEPELJNIK Tadej , DEVILLARD Estelle
Published: December 2023

Konjugirane linolne kisline (CLA) so skupina pozicijskih in geometrijskih izomer oktadekadienojske kisline (18:2) in imajo vrsto ugodnih učinkov pri ljudeh in ûivalih. Glavni tvorci CLA so vampne bakterije, predvsem iz rodu Butyrivibrio. Vse več je raziskav, s katerimi se preiskuöajo načini za povečanje vsebnosti CLA v prehranskih proizvodih ûivalskega izvora, kar bi lahko dosegli z uporabo primernih probiotičnih sevov bakterij. Eden izmed njih je tudi Pseudobutyrivibrio xylanivorans Mz5T. Ta sev je sposoben rasti v gojiöču, kjer je prisotna linolna kislina (LA, to je prekurzor CLA) vsaj do koncentracije 200 µg mlñ1. Pri takih pogojih se rast sicer upočasni, a bakterije öe vedno ohranijo svojo aktivnost. Po 24 urah gojenja v gojiöču z LA proučevani sev izvede biohidrogenacijo LA do trans-vakcenske kisline, ki jo tkivni encim ∆9-desaturaza, prisoten v tkivu ûivali, lahko pretvori nazaj do CLA. Z uporabo seva Mz5Tkot probiotika v prehrani ûivali bi tako lahko povečali kakovost končnih ûivil ûivalskega izvora
Izdelava testenin iz mok navadne in tatarske ajde
Authors: MEGLIČ Blanka , PEM Nataša
Published: December 2023

Predstavljeni so rezultati poskusov izdelave testenin iz mok navadne in tatarske ajde. Dodatek psylliuma testenin ne izboljša, testenine z dodatkom moke guara (5%) pa so v primerjani s testeninami brez tega dodatka manj občutljive na mehanične poškodbe. Testenine iz tatarske ajde so zelenkasto rumeno rjave barve, medtem ko so testenine iz navadne ajde svetle rumenkasto rjave barve.
Die Wälder der Herrschaften Žiče und Frajštanj und ihre Bewirtschaftung im Übergang vom 18. ins 19. Jahrhundert
Authors: MAČEK Jože
Published: December 2023

In der Abhandlung werden die Wälder zweier Herrschaften Žiče (Seitz) und Frajštanj (Freistein) und ihre Bewirtschaftung in dem erwähnten Zeitraum behandelt. Beide wurden durch die Innerösterreichische Staatsgüteradministration in Gradec (Graz) verwaltet. Die erste Herrschaft lag im Hügelland um den Markt Konjice (Gonobitz), die zweite aber hauptsächlich in der Ebene um die Ortschaften Zgornja in Spodnja Polskava (Ober- und Unter Pulsgau), nicht weit voneinander entfernt. Die Wälder beider Herrschaften waren im großen Umfang mit Servitutsrechten zugunsten eigener Untertanen und Untertanen fremder Herrschaften belastet. Bei der ersten machte sich die Verwaltung Gedanken um in den Wäldern Separation durchzuführen, die eine bessere Bewirtschaftung der Wälder gewährleisten sollte, obwohl die Separation erst nach einigen Jahrzehnten durchgeführt wurde. Bei der zweiten Herrschaft wurde die Separation noch nicht in Betracht gezogen.
Mitoza in celični cikel pri višjih rastlinah
Authors: SINKOVIČ Tomaž
Published: December 2023

Prikazane so značilnosti celične delitve (mitoze) in njihovih faz. Mitozi sledi precej daljša interfaza ali obdobje med dvema delitvama. Po končani delitvi jedra (kariokineza) nastopi še delitev citoplazme (citokineza). Izmenjavo mitoze in interfaze imenujemo celični cikel. Čeprav je bila mitoza odkrita pred več kot sto leti so procesi mitoze, njej sledeče interfaze in predvsem regulacija celičnega cikla še do danes precej nejasni. Predstavljeni so osnovni mehanizmi regulacije celičnega cikla. V evkariontskih organizmih celični cikel regulirajo beljakovinske kinaze. Kompleks kinaz (CDKs) in ciklina se imenuje MPF (mitozni promocijski faktor), ki sproži delitve. Predstavljene so motnje regulacijskega mehanizma celičnega cikla. Celični cikel je skrbno nadzorovan. Usklajenost dogajanj, kot so celična rast, podvojevanje DNK in razporejanje podvojenih kromosomov, zagotavlja celično potomstvo in nespremenjen genom. Napake v regulaciji celičnega cikla vodijo v nenormalno delitev in lahko tudi v nastanek rakastih celic, zato je regulacija delovanja celičnega cikla predmet intenzivnih raziskav.
Polymorphism analysis of the promoter of cow lactoferrin gene with PCR-RFLP and its correlation with subclinical mastitis
Authors: ZHAO Chang-hong , HE Gao-ming , WANG Yan-liang , ZHANG Zhao-xia
Published: December 2023

CMT was used to detect the incidence of mastitis. One hundred twenty cows were selected and assigned into 2 groups, 60 animals in each group: control group (healthy cows), experimental group (cows with subclinical mastitis) and the relationship between cow′s subclinical mastitis and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) of the promoter of cow lactoferrin gene was explored. The results showed that polymorphism existed in the promoter of bovine lactoferrin gene, which suggested that this polymorphism could be associated with mastitis susceptibility.