bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Síndrome de Smith-Lemli-Opitz. Anomalía en la síntesis de colesterol
Authors: Díaz Jiménez Edward , Estrada Vilvao Erick
Published: July 2018

Smith-Lemli-Opitz (SLO) es un síndrome debido a la deficiencia de la 7- dehidrocolesterol reductasa (DHCR7). DHCR7 cataliza principalmente la reducción del 7-dehidrocolesterol (7DHC) en colesterol. En SLO, esto se traduce en la disminución del colesterol y el aumento de los niveles de 7DHC, tanto durante el desarrollo embrionario y después del nacimiento. Las malformaciones que se encuentran en SLO puede ser consecuencia de la disminución del colesterol, aumento de 7DHC o una combinación de estos dos factores. Objetivo: Describir los aspectos clínicos y diagnósticos de un paciente con SLO y hacer una revisión actualizada del tema. Caso clínico: El reporte de caso se basa en datos recopilados en la historia clínica del paciente. Destacándose la presencia de bajo peso y talla. Microcefalia con dismorfias faciales como frente estrecha, hipotelorismo, epicanto bilateral, filtrum largo, comisuras bucales hacia abajo, paladar ojival y micrognatia. También micropene, hipospadia y criptorquidia bilateral, clinodactilia de 5to dedo bilateral, braquidactilia con pulgares de implantación proximal en manos y sindactilia parcial bilateral entre 2do y 3er dedo de los pies. Hipotonía generalizada y retraso del desarrollo psicomotor. Conclusión: Ante la presencia de un paciente con rasgos fenotípicos característicos de este síndrome y con niveles bajos del colesterol sérico, se debe sospechar en la posibilidad de SLO como diagnóstico.
I.V. NIRS off-pump coronary artery ischemia monitoring bypass surgery
Authors: Tekalkote Sudheendra , Hussein Sartaj B.
Published: July 2018

Background: Spectroscopic data were compared with hemodynamic parameters, electrocardiogram, transesophageal echocardiography and laboratory findings. A conversion to extracorporeal circulation was not necessary. The mean number of grafts per patient was 3.1±0.6. An intraoperative myocardial ischemia was not evident, as indicated by electrocardiogram and transesophageal echocardiography.Methods: Continuous spectroscopic analysis showed reproducible absorption spectra of coronary sinus blood. Due to uneventful intraoperative courses, clear ischemia-related changes could be detected in none of the patients. Present initial results show that intravascular near-infrared spectroscopy can reliably be used for an online intraoperative ischemia monitoring in off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery.Results: In 15 elective patients undergoing off-pump myocardial revascularization, intravascular near-infrared spectroscopic analysis of coronary venous blood was performed. NIR signals were transferred through a fiberoptic catheter for signal emission and collection. For data analysis and processing, a miniature spectrophotometer with multivariate statistical package was used. Signal acquisition and analysis were performed before and after revascularization. However, the method has to be further evaluated and standardized to determine the role of spectroscopy in off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery. In off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery, manipulations on the beating heart can lead to transient interruptions of myocardial oxygen supply, which can generate an accumulation of oxygen-dependent metabolites in coronary venous blood.Conclusions: The objective of this study was to evaluate the reliability of intravascular near-infrared spectroscopy as a monitoring method to detect possible ischemic events in off-pump coronary artery bypass procedures.
Epidemiological analysis of Elizabethkingia meningoseptica infection cluster among mechanically ventilated pediatric intensive care patients
Authors: Hamza Wafaa Seddik , Morsi Samar Saeed , Al Roomi Ebtehal Saleh , Rotimi Vincent Olubunmi
Published: July 2018

Background: Elizabethkingia meningoseptica is frequently found in hospital environments and usually associated with healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), particularly in patients in the intensive care units (ICU). The current study report an outbreak of E. meningoseptica infection/colonization in the pediatric intensive care unit, highlighted the infection control methods used to stem the spread.Methods: During a period of 7 months, May-November 2015, 4 patients were infected/ colonized by E. meningoseptica. Infection control measures were re-emphasized after each case and environmental swabs were cultured to detect possible source. Follow up for 25 months to ensure eradication of the pathogen.Results: Four patients were colonized/ infected with E. meningoseptica, their mean age 22 months. The average time patients spent in ICU between admission and isolation of E. meningoseptica was 27.5±19.2 days. All patients were mechanically ventilated. 25% E. meningoseptica isolated from blood causing healthcare associated Central Line Associated Blood Stream Infection (CLABSI) while it was isolated from endotracheal tube (ETT) secretion in 75% as healthcare associated colonization. The 4 isolates confirmed as identical using pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).Conclusions: Intensive infection control measures including healthcare workers education, emphasizing hand hygiene, comprehensive cleaning and disinfection of equipment and the environment are important to eradicate the bacterium.
A comparative study of parapharyngeal space tumors over a 7 year period experience in tertiary care hospital
Authors: K. Athiyaman , M. Gowri Shankar , V. Suresh , S. Natarajan , R. Malarvizhi
Published: July 2018

Background: Tumors of the parapharyngeal space (PPS) are rare, accounting for 0.5–1.5% of all head and neck tumors. The anatomy of the PPS is responsible for a wide variety of tumors arising from the PPS. Our series of 10 PPS tumors provides an overview of the clinical course and management of PPS tumors.

Methods: This retrospective study included clinical data from patients treated for PPS tumors from 2011 to 2018 at the Stanley medical college hospital, Chennai.  

Results: After careful analysis of the outcome of the study, we have found out that there was no local recurrence in any patient during the follow-up period. Though few approaches are advised in the literature, In our study transoral approach may be advocated as the first choice for excision of parapharyngeal space tumors, except for malignant tumors and neurogenic tumor. Trans cervical approach is used for malignant and neurogenic tumors, considering its advantages of providing direct access to the neoplasm, adequate control of neurovascular structures from the neck.

Conclusions: In our study, middle aged male population was most commonly affected. Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common PPS tumor; prestyloid compartment is mostly affected by these tumors. As per the previous studies, trans cervical approach is first choice for excision of parapharyngeal space tumors. In our study, trans oral approach is also a suitable, safe approach for pre styloid non vascular lesions and trancervical approach can be reserved for postsyloid and malignant lesions.
Validez de constructo, validez concurrente y confiabilidad de una escala de percepción de la calidad de la atención prenatal en gestantes peruanas
Authors: Munares-García Oscar
Published: July 2018

Objetivo: determinar la validez de constructo, la validez concurrente y la fiabilidad de una escala de percepción de la calidad de la atención prenatal.Materiales y métodos: estudio transversal en 842 gestantes que acudieron a controles prenatales y fueron atendidas para parto en tres hospitales de Lima (Perú), entre marzo de 2011 a abril de 2014. Se aplicó una escala con entrevista estructurada de 12 ítems construida a través de una escala tipo Likert (1 a 5 puntos). Para la validez de constructo se aplicó análisis factorial exploratorio por componentes principales con rotación varimax, chi cuadrado de Bartlett, y la prueba de Kaiser, Meyer y Olkin (KMO). Para la determinación de la validez concurrente se aplicaron coeficientes de correlación rho de Spearman. Para la determinación de la confiabilidad o la homogeneidad entre las preguntas se aplicó el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach y el coeficiente de correlación Spearman-BrownResultados: el 85 % se encontraban entre los 20 a 35 años. La mediana de la escala fue 41 puntos (rango 25-55). Se identificaron cuatro dimensiones: seguridad-comodidad, acceso, eficacia y competencia profesional. Estas dimensiones correlacionan bien (KMO = 0,776; p < 0,001), la confiabilidad alfa de Cronbach fue de 0,76, correlación Spearman-Brown = 0,71. El coeficiente de correlación rho de Spearman mostró que existen correlaciones positivas entre las dimensiones encontradas.Conclusiones: se presenta una escala de calidad de la atención prenatal con cuatro dominios que valida el punto de vista de la percepción en  gestantes peruanas.
Percepción de docentes y estudiantes sobre estrategias innovadoras de evaluación en el área básica de un programa de medicina
Authors: Ruiz-Hoyos Bayron Manuel , Pérez-Saavedra Ana Patricia , Fernández-Rincón Carmen Aydé
Published: July 2018

Objetivo: comprender las estrategias innovadoras de evaluación: examen de conocimientos en la plataforma virtual, Seminario de Evaluación y Retroalimentación Interdisciplinar (SERI) y Examen de Conocimientos por Objetivos Estructurado (ECOE), desde las percepciones de docentes y estudiantes del área básica de un programa de medicina.Materiales y métodos: investigación cualitativa, microetnográfica. Se realizaron cinco grupos focales y siete entrevistas en profundidad a docentes y estudiantes, con grabación autorizada y consentimiento informado; se analizó la información mediante codificación abierta y axial, y generación de categorías emergentes. Se utilizó triangulación de fuentes, autores y técnicas, se elaboró informe final, previa devolución de información.Resultados: las estrategias investigadas tienen fortalezas y debilidades, el examen en plataforma es bien recibido por estudiantes pero le falta coordinación. Se necesita mayor capacitación de docentes en el uso de la plataforma, y es importante establecer mecanismos para evitar posibles fraudes. El SERI favorece la retroalimentación, pero se requiere que disminuya el riesgo de vulnerar la autoestima y permita una mejor valoración de conocimientos. El ECOE los acerca a la correlación básico-clínica, pero falta organización y espacio para las estaciones.Conclusiones: las estrategias innovadoras de evaluación deben someterse a una constante revisión desde su estructura y ejecución, fortaleciendo así la formación integral de los estudiantes.
Episiotomía y complicaciones en el servicio de obstetricia del Hospital Universitario San José, Popayán (Colombia), 2016. Exploración de factores maternos y perinatales asociados a su realización
Authors: Mellizo-Gaviria Andrés Martín , López-Veloza Lina María , Montoya-Mora Richard , Ortiz-Martínez Roberth Alirio , Gil-Walteros Claudia Consuelo
Published: July 2018

Objetivo: determinar la frecuencia de la realización de la episiotomía, explorar los factores asociados a esta, y describir resultados maternos y perinatales en el servicio de obstetricia del Hospital Universitario San José de Popayán (Colombia) en el primer semestre del año 2016.Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, con análisis secundario; se incluyeron gestantes con embarazo mayor de 37 semanas cuyos partos fueron atendidos el primer semestre del año 2016, en un hospital público de alta complejidad, centro de referencia del departamento del Cauca (Colombia), el cual atiende población del aseguramiento contributivo y subsidiado. Se realizó un muestreo aleatorio simple, con tamaño de muestra de 197 partos, y margen de error del 5 %. Se evaluaron variables maternas, del parto, de resultado materno y neonatal. Se estimó la frecuencia de episiotomía y se realizó exploración de los factores asociados a esta por medio de análisis bivariado y multivariado.Resultados: la frecuencia de la realización de episiotomía fue de 30,45 % (n = 60; IC 95 %: 24,1-37,3), la complicación más frecuente fue el desgarro perineal, con 29 % (IC 95 %: 22,9-35,5). En cuanto a los factores de riesgo, la nuliparidad fue el único factor asociado al uso de la episiotomía (Ora = 16,11; IC 95 %: 6,46-42,81).Conclusión: el uso de la episiotomía en esta institución es superior a lo recomendado por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). Se deben evaluar estrategias para reducir su frecuencia a los niveles esperados.
La episiotomía en mujeres nulíparas: ¿un hábito difícil de dejar?
Authors: Rubio-Romero Jorge Andrés
Published: July 2018

En el presente número de la Revista Colombiana de Obstetricia y Ginecología, se publica el estudio de Mellizo-Gaviria y colaboradores titulado “Frecuencia de la realización de episiotomía y complicaciones en el servicio de obstetricia del Hospital Universitario San José, Popayán (Colombia), 2016. Exploración de factores maternos y perinatales asociados a su realización”. Este estudio observacional de corte transversal buscó definir la frecuencia de uso de la episiotomía, sus complicaciones, y explorar algunos factores relacionados con su empleo durante la atención del parto. A partir de un muestreo aleatorio en una institución con una proporción de nacimientos por cesárea reportada en 2015 de 50%, encontraron una frecuencia de 30,5% en el empleo global de la episiotomía para los nacimientos a término, la cual se realizó en el 58,2 % de las mujeres nulíparas, mientras que solo se llevó a cabo en el 6,6 % de las mujeres multíparas. Como lo mencionan los autores, la nuliparidad incrementó más de ocho veces la probabilidad de realizar una episiotomía en las pacientes atendidas en la institución.
Socio-Economic Conditions of Gujjars in South Kashmir Their Challenges and Strategies
Authors: Naikoo Aasif Ali , Thakur Shashank Shekhar , Guroo Tariq Ahmad
Published: July 2018

Kashmir Valley is known as place where people are embraced with multicultural and multilingual atmosphere. Gujjars are the tribal group mostly residing on hilly and mountainous regions of Valley with different traditions, rituals and language. They are economically poor, socially backward, but culturally stable. Their economic profile is poor than the general population of region. They are suffering from so many issues in their day today life. Their housing, sanitation, Education, electricity, health care facilities are very low sub-standard than different sections of population, Also Government has not provided them the basic assets to eradicate the tribal poverty. The literacy rate among Gujjars of south Kashmir is also very low. This paper is based on both primary and secondary data and tries to analyze the magnitude of socio-economic conditions of different parameters and also this paper contains some suggestions, which needs to be implement on the ground level in order to eradicate their socio economic problems.
Imigração, identidade e multiculturalismo nas organizações brasileiras
Authors: Ketzer Lisiane Selaimen Heemann , Salvagni Julice , Oltramati Andrea Poleto , Menezes Daiane Boelhouwer
Published: July 2018

Este artigo problematiza, com base na análise de entrevistas individuais, a identidade do imigrante no Brasil e a forma como o multiculturalismo é abordado no país por meio das organizações de trabalho. A identidade é entendida como uma construção social em constante transformação, acentuada no momento em que os indivíduos migram, dado o encontro com as diferenças. Essa identidade social é composta pelos costumes e tradições de sua nação e, ao migrar, a falta dessas questões é perceptível na vida do imigrante. Como resultados, destaca-se que os motivos para migrar hoje em dia são semelhantes aos do passado, como melhorar de vida e fugir de problemas econômicos, religiosos e sociais. No Brasil, o racismo e a exclusão social ainda são presentes mesmo que este seja um país multicultural. Na esfera das organizações, o multiculturalismo está recém iniciando, e verifica-se que a diversidade é questionada e que ainda existem preconceitos devido à diferença cultural do indivíduo.
Desafios e contradições de um projeto solidário: o caso de uma associação de catadores de materiais recicláveis
Authors: Braga Natalia Lopes , Maciel Regina Heloisa
Published: July 2018

O trabalho objetivou descrever e analisar o funcionamento de uma associação de catadores de materiais recicláveis. Foram entrevistados seis catadores e os dados foram analisados através da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados mostraram ausência da alternância de poder, falta de autonomia por parte dos associados e baixo retorno financeiro. Ressalta-se a necessidade de práticas mais dialógicas, do desenvolvimento da autonomia dos catadores e da busca por melhorias na qualidade de trabalho dos associados.
Um novo olhar empírico sobre a saúde mental em contexto e seus desdobramentos para a análise do comportamento
Authors: Leugi Guilherme Bergo
Published: July 2018

Um novo olhar empírico sobre a saúde mental em contexto e seus desdobramentos para a análise do comportamento.
O uso da Focalização na Orientação Profissional: uma proposta experiencial
Authors: Messias João Carlos , Lima Paula Pires Ferreira , Orenes Giovana Costa Pedroso
Published: July 2018

O processo de tomada de decisão a respeito da escolha de uma carreira tem se tornado cada vez mais complexo diante das constantes mudanças no mundo do trabalho. Em curtos espaços de tempo, novas ocupações surgem e desaparecem, muitas vezes em períodos mais curtos do que muitas das clássicas formações acadêmicas. Diante desse cenário, novos recursos metodológicos que sustentem escolhas significativas se mostram relevantes. O presente estudo objetivou compreender a experiência de um grupo de jovens de ensino médio que passou por um processo de orientação profissional facilitado pela Focalização. Buscou-se apreender a vivência dos participantes por meio de narrativas e versões de sentido. A Focalização mostrou ser um método que potencializa o contato das pessoas consigo próprias e que, por essa razão, amplificou a tomada de decisão.
Mind the Gap: The History and Philosophy of Health Psychology and Mindfulness
Authors: Lee Shayna Fox , Young Jacy L.
Published: July 2018

The recent surge in popularity of the concept ‘mindfulness’ in academic, professional, and popular psychology has been remarkable. the ease with which mindfulness has gained traction in the health sciences and cultural imagination makes it apparent mindfulness is well-suited to our current social climate, appealing to both, experts and laypeople. as a subdiscipline established relatively late in the twentieth century, health psychology has a unique relationship to mindfulness. this article elucidates the shared roots between health psychology and mindfulness as a psychological construct and field of research, providing a frame of reference for the ways in which health psychology and mindfulness share similar theoretical and methodological challenges that affect their integration into health, social systems, and services.
Changes in Nutrient Profiling and Antioxidant Activities of Different Fish Soups, Before and After Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion
Authors: Zhang Gaonan , Zheng Shujian , Feng Yuqi , Shen Guo , Xiong Shanbai , Du Hongying
Published: July 2018

Different kinds of freshwater fish soups show a diverse range of health functions, due to their different nutritional substances and corresponding bioactivities. Crucian carp soup and snakehead soup have different dietotherapy functions, crucian carp soup is suitable for lactating women and snakehead soup is suitable for postoperative patients. In the current study, the changes of nutrient profiles in the different fish soups, such as chemical composition, free amino acids, mineral and fatty acid contents, were investigated. The antioxidant activities of the fish soups were evaluated by using the DPPH radical scavenging activity, the ferrous ion chelating activity, the hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity and the reducing power effect. In order to learn the theoretical basis of the potential role fish soup plays in diet therapy functions after being digested by the human body, the nutrient profiling and bioactivities of the fish soup samples after simulated gastrointestinal digestion were also explored. The intensive profiles of nutritional composition and antioxidant activities of these two kinds of fish soups were expected to partly provide the theoretical basis of therapeutic effects.
A Review on the Possible Existence of Strong Elementary Charge andits Nuclear Scale Applications
Authors: U.V Satya Seshavatharam , Lakshminarayana S.
Published: July 2018

We review the basics of nuclear binding energy scheme assumed to be associated with the existence of a new strong elementary charge associated with square root of reciprocal of the strong coupling constant.
Analysis of Start, End and Length of the Rainfall Season Seasons for Mbeya, Southwestern Highland in Tanzania
Authors: Kimambo Offoro , Ndeto Emmanuel Lubango
Published: July 2018

Tanzania like any other developing countries is depending on uncertain rainfall for their subsistence and commercial agriculture. In this paper the start and end of rains for Mbeya Meteorological Station in Tanzania Mainland was analyzed and critically examined. Data were kindly given by Tanzania Meteorological Agency (TMA) during face to face Statistics in Applied Climatology (fSIAC) workshop which was held at Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA) the year 2013 prior to online Course on Statistics in Applied climatology (eSIAC). In this study data were analyzed using Instat (for windows version 3.3.7) package developed by the Statistical Services Centre of the University of Reading. The analysis showed that much of rains start early December all the way to May. There is also 50 percent chance of having below and above the mean for both total annual rainfall and number of rains, in other word one in two years the total rains are below means likewise the number of rain days.
Ex Vivo Rumex Crispus and Cordyceps Sinensis Mixture Regulates Immune Cells Responses to Pro-inflammatory Cytokines inC57BL/6 mice Splenocytes
Authors: Park Eui-Seong , Song Gyl-Hoon , Lee Seung-Min , Kim Yong-Gyu , Park Kun-Young
Published: July 2018

We investigated the efficacy of a Rumex crispus and Cordyceps sinensis mixture made using the Beopje (Korea traditional processing method to remove anti-nutrients and enhance phytochemicals) method to regulate immune cell responses toward nitric oxide (NO) production, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and inflammation related genes in mice splenocytes. The six experimental groups were as follows: control (control), Rc-Cs (Rumex crispus (Rc) and Cordyceps sinensis (Cs) mixture, 6:4), TMC (Taemyeongcheong, commercial healthy drink containing Rc-Cs), LPS (lipopolysaccharide), LPS+Rc-Cs, and LPS+TMC. The Rc-Cs mixture reduced nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-induced splenocytes. Moreover, Rc-Cs enhanced production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, and IL-6 compared to the control (no treatment). However, Rc-Cs inhibited production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in LPS-induced splenocytes. In addition, LPS+Rc-Cs also significantly suppressed mRNA expression of IL-1β and IL-6 compared to LPS treatment. Interestingly, Rc-Cs did not increase mRNA levels of iNOS and COX-2, which are inflammation related genes compared to the control, while LPS+Rc-Cs reduced mRNA levels of iNOS and COX-2 compared LPS alone (p < 0.05). TMC showed a similar pattern compared to Rc-Cs. Therefore, Rc-Cs treatment in splenocytes enhanced NO production and pro-inflammatory cytokines compared to the control, whereas Rc-Cs treatment in LPS-induced splenocytes reduced NO production, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and inflammation related genes. Thus, Rc-Cs regulated immune cells responses by increasing pro-inflammatory cytokines in splenocytes and reducing toxin (LPS)-induced inflammation. These results indicate that a Rumex crispus and Cordyceps sinensis mixture (Rc-Cs) and TMC containing Rc-Cs promote immune cells responses and anti-inflammatory activities.
PEMBELAJARAN ORANG DEWASA BERBASIS ANDRAGOGI: TINJAUAN TEORI
Authors: Sumiyarno Sumiyarno
Published: July 2018

The education level of many adult people generally is low. The result of examining towards a considerable body of literature on the concepts of andragogy shows that now many of practices of adult education and training have been conducted by using a pedagogical approach. Their practices are not effective since the orientation toward learning for adult people is one of subject-centeredness. Consequently, the education and training for adults should be promoted by using andragogybased learning and the orientation toward learning is one of problem-centeredness.
KONTRIBUSI KINERJA TUTOR BELAJAR TERHADAP PERFORMA AKADEMIK PESERTA DIDIK PROGRAM PAKET C REMIDI
Authors: Efendi Mohammad
Published: July 2018

This research was aimed at analyzing instructorâ€™s performance towards the academic performance of the students from Package C Remedial Program in the District and the Municipality of Malang. Based on the collected data through questioners, documentations, self-inventory sheets as well as instructorâ€™s performance observation sheets, it can be concluded that the performance of instructors has significantly correlated towards academic performance of the students from Package C remedial Program in the District and Municipality of Malang. It is suggested if this model would be followed up as an alternative short cut for those who have failed High School National Exams, then we need to accurately prepare the readiness of Package C personnel, time, cost, and its setting up system.
HAMBATAN-HAMBATAN YANG DIALAMI TUTOR DALAM PEMBELAJARAN PAKET B SETARA SLTP DI SANGGAR KEGIATAN BELAJAR (SKB) LUBUK BEGALUNG KOTA PADANG
Authors: Devista Nova
Published: July 2018

Tutors play a very important role in instructional process in B Package Program equivalent to Junior Secondary School as they have to face learners and to plan, organize, and evaluate the instructional process. This research intended to discover obstacles faced by the tutors of B Package Program in Lubuk Begalung in completing their task. This research employed qualitative approach and the data were collected by using observation technique, interview, and document study. The informers were tutors and program executers. The data were analyzed using the method recommended by Miles and Huberman (1992) which was consisted of reducing the data, presenting the data, and drawing the conclusion. The finding of this research shows a set of obstacles faced by the tutors. Beside the efforts have been taken to overcome the obstacles, it is recommended to provide trainings for the tutors and program executors in order to read improve the implementation and the attainment of the obstacles of the program.
PENDIDIKAN KEAKSARAAN DI INDONESIA KE DEPAN
Authors: Napitupulu W. P.
Published: July 2018

Quoting EFA Global Monitoring Report 2006 on literacy for life, this article discusses its implementation in Indonesia. It is believed that the success of the literacy program is closely related to the government policy. Based on the analysis of the condition and problems of illiteracy, the political leaders of the highest level are expected to be committed to take real actions, all nations including Indonesia formulate and implement written and explicit literacy policy in developing access to basic education, conduct continuous literacy program. In conclusion, the article suggests the Indonesian Government, as a member of United Nations, should tightly keep the commitment expressed in a number of UNâ€™s declarations and conferences including to achieve the goals in The United Nations Literacy Decade 2003 â€“ 2012.
ANALISIS KOMPETENSI TUTOR PENDIDIKAN KESETARAAN PROGRAM PAKET B DI PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Muzaqi Moh. , Sudarmanto Dwi , P Widya Ayu , Ekawati Yuni
Published: July 2018

As an educator in non-formal education, a tutor is demanded to have knowledge and competence that are suitable with his or her function and duty. This research is conducted to find out the competence of Package B tutors in doing a learning process in equivalency education. The research using assessment done by tutor, manager, and Package B students indicates that functional, social, personal, pedagogy and andragogy competence of tutors is in good category.
MEMBANGUN KARAKTER PTK-PNF MELALUI PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI PERSONAL DAN SOSIAL
Authors: Rasyid Harun Al
Published: July 2018

Non-formal and informal education is a part of national education that has a broad target. It has large target, geographical variation, and differences in need and demand. To reach this target, this Directorate General is supported by technical and educational staff. The staff are demanded to provide the community with high quality services. They must have personal, social, professional, and academic competences. Although all of these competences have important roles, but this article only discusses personal and social competences. Personal competence gives a strong foundation to deal with all problems, and social competence gives a foundation for human interaction. Both competences influence individual success and reflect the commitment and integrity in their duties.
The impact of the European Banking Union’s Single Supervisory Mechanism on corporate governance practices in European banks
Authors: Braendle Udo
Published: July 2018

Weak corporate governance in financial institutions has been a contributing factor of the financial crisis. The topic has, therefore, become the key priorities of banking supervision, because one of the takeaways was that. The article gives an overview about the newly established European Banking Union and about its structure focusing on the first pillar, the Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM). In a second step, the focus is laid on the recent regulatory changes regarding corporate governance, the related supervisory practice and implications for European banks. Overall, the conducted changes in the regulatory framework, especially regarding corporate governance, seem to meet the objective of ensuring safety and soundness of the European banking system. Room for improvement is found regarding proportionality and transparency of the supervisory practices as well as its influence on banks’ profitability.
Assessment of water supply and sanitation plans: history and outlook in the municipality of Belém, Brazil
Authors: Magalhaes Rafael Caldeira , Heller Léo
Published: July 2018

This analysis presents a historical assessment of water supply and sanitation plans for the municipality of Belém, Brazil. The spirit of the assessment recognizes the importance of studying change in relation to historical dynamics, in addition to critiques of normative rationalism's inability to influence effective change in public policy. The research included interviews with social stakeholders, documentary analysis and direct observation. Three plans elaborated between 1980 and 2015 were studied. The results demonstrate that: (1) the emphasis of normative rationalism contributed to neglecting sanitation services; (2) the principles of intersectorality and social participation are fundamental to evolving from normative rationalism to strategic planning and communication on water supply and sanitation in Belém; (3) a large portion of local stakeholders are contrary to the privatization of sanitation services, while the most technically and economically powerful decision-makers in government defend that the State no longer has sufficient capacity to promote universal service coverage; and (4) a significant portion of civil society in Belém indicated their serious opposition to future scenarios for the water supply and sanitation sector that maintain technocracy in related public policies; however, such perspectives were not considered in the elaboration and implementation processes of government planning.
In vitro evaluation of gutta-percha dissolution ability of different solvents
Authors: Oliveira Kelly Santana de , Tomazinho Flávia Sens Fagundes , Marchiori Monique , Gabardo Marilisa Carneiro Leão , Moraes Sérgio Herrero , Faria Maria Isabel Anastácio
Published: July 2018

Introduction: The removal of the filling material during the Endodontic retreatment is essential, so a better action of solvents on the gutta-percha is desired. Objective: To evaluate in vitro the gutta-percha dissolution ability of different solvents. Material and methods: Four solvents (xylol, eucalyptol, citrol, and orange oil) were applied on gutta-percha points, which had been later submitted to the weight loss analysis at 2, 5, and 10 minutes. For each solvent, 30 size #60 main cones were used, divided into three groups. Distilled water was used as control group. The statistical test applied was Kruskal-Wallis. Results: No statistically significant difference occurred among the solvents at 2 minutes (p > 0.05); however, during this period, citrol had the best performance. In longer time intervals, the xylol showed differences compared to eucalyptol at 5 minutes and to eucalyptol and citrol at 10 minutes (p < 0.05). The worst results were found for eucalyptol. Conclusion: This xylol was thesolvent with improved ability to dissolve the gutta-percha points, with better results at longer time periods.
Retrospective analysis of the fluoride level in the public water supply and its correlation with dental fluorosis at two cities of South Santa Catarina
Authors: Marcon Karina , Mezzari Leonardo Marcos , Ceretta Renan Antônio , Nodari Ronaldo , Leite Tobias , Sonego Fernanda Guglielmi Faustini
Published: July 2018

Introduction and Objective: To analyze retrospectively the fluoride level in the public water supply of two cities of the south Santa Catarina and to verify whether 12-year-old schoolers, who had used public water supply had dental fluorosis. Material and methods: 97 schoolers of the cities of Cocal do Sul and Morro da Fumaça were evaluated. Dental fluorosis was determined through Dean index. The annual averages of the fluoride concentrations in waters between the years of 2004 and 2015 were verified by reports supplied by the responsiblecompany. Results: The averages of the fluoride concentrations in the water supply in the cities of Cocal do Sul and Morro da Fumaça, during the analyzed period, were 0.86 and 0,85 ppm of fluoride, respectively, without statistically significant difference. The smaller concentration was found in 2006, in the city of Morro da Fumaça, with 0.64 ppm of F; the greatest concentration occurred in Cocal do Sul, in 2007, with 1.1 ppm of F. The prevalence of dental fluorosisin Cocal do Sul was 24.5% and in Morro da Fumaça was 14.6%, without statistically significant differences. All 12-year-old schoolers who had dental fluorosis were classified as light according to Dean index. Conclusion: Most of the 12-year-old schoolers did not show any fluorosis degree. The cases of dental fluorosis were classified as little severity and with low esthetic impairment. It can be concluded that the fluoride levels in water supply were within the adequate and safe limits with low risk of dental fluorosis.
Knowledge, attitudes and practices of doctors and nurses of Family Health Strategy towards the bilateral relationship between diabetes mellitus and periodontal diseases, Anápolis, GO
Authors: Souza Cibelly Correia , Nicoli Débora Franco , Sanches Sirlene Bertoldo , Souza Kayus Ferreira e , Cirqueira Tauany Dos Reis , Reis Liliane Braga Monteiro dos , Oliveira Paula Renata Damaceno
Published: July 2018

Introduction: It has been reported that diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease present a two-way association. Accordingly, it is important to disclose this relationship, as well as to performpreventive actions for individuals with diabetes, sensitizing them to become responsible for their health and main agents in changes their habits, aiming at mitigating the damage from this interaction. The health team from primary health care is responsible for suchaction, acting on the systematization of the assistance and service organization, aiming at the integral assistance and resolution. Objective: To analyze the knowledge of doctors and nurses on the two-way relationship between periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus and the assistance provided to the health of individuals with diabetes. Material and methods: we conducted a cross-sectional study, from January to June 2016, with a sample of 85 doctors and nurses, ofboth genders, aged between 22 and 34 years, from the family health strategy of the city of Anápolis-GO, all health units were covered in the study. Socio-demographic data and knowledge of the bilateral relationship between diabetes mellitus and periodontal diseases were collected through a self-administered questionnaire. For the data analysis, group comparison tests (Chi-square) were used. Results: 85 professionals participated in the study (response rate of 82.5%). The professionals have knowledge of the periodontal disease, but little knowledge regarding the relationship between this and the diabetes mellitus. The professional neither have the habit to check changes in the mouth, nor reffer the individuals with diabetics to the dentist. Conclusion: The data indicate deficiencies in the knowledge of the professionals on the bilateral relationship between the diseases and demonstrate the absence of important approaches for a comprehensive care to individuals with diabetes.
Treatment of peri-implantitis with surface decontamination and particulate bone graft in a smoker patient
Authors: Baechtold Marina Samara , Miquelissa Aline Rocha , Crivellaro Viviane Rozeira , Scariot Rafaela , Zielak João César , Deliberador Tatiana Miranda
Published: July 2018

Introduction: With the increase of implant-supported rehabilitation, the cases of patients with peri-implantitis become more frequent. Objective: To report the treatment of peri-implantitis by associating techniques of surface decontamination and particulate bone graft. Case report: The treatment was carried through curettage of the granulation tissue, mechanical bone decontamination withbicarbonate jet, chemical decontamination with tetracycline solution, and particulate graft in the place of the bone defect. Conclusion: After 45 postoperative days, the peri-implant tissues were health without inflammation. After 6 postoperative months, the bone defect was repaired.
Use of Plant Sterol and Stanol Fortified Foods in Clinical Practice
Authors: Cofán Montserrat , Ros Emilio
Published: July 2018

Plant sterols and stanols (PS) are natural, non-nutritive molecules that play a structural role in plant membranes similar to that of cholesterol in animal membranes and abound in seeds and derived oils. PS exert their physical effect of interference with micellar solubilization of cholesterol within the intestinal lumen and are marginally absorbed by enterocytes, with negiglible increases in circulating levels. The physiological role of PS in plants and their natural origin and non-systemic action, together with their cholesterol-lowering effect, make them an attractive option as non-pharmacological agents for the management of hypercholesterolemia. Recent meta-analyses have summarized the results of >100 controlled clinical trials and have firmly established that the consumption of PS-supplemented foods in different formats at doses of 2-3 g per day results in LDL-cholesterol reductions of 9-12%. PS are both effective and safe cholesterol-lowering agents and have many clinical applications: adjuncts to a healthy diet, treatment of common hypercholesterolemia, combination therapy with statins and other lipid-lowering drugs, and treatment of metabolic syndrome and diabetes. The cholesterol-lowering efficacy is similar in all clinical situations. PS are also useful agents for treatment of hypercholesterolemic children who are not yet candidates to statins or receive low-doses of these agents. In the setting of statin treatment, the average LDL-cholesterol reduction obtained with PS is equivalent to up- titrating twice the statin dose. However, information is still scarce on the efficacy of PS as an add-on therapy to ezetimibe, fibrates, omega- 3 fatty acids, or bile acid binding resins. The consistent scientific evidence on the cholesterollowering efficacy and safety of functional foods supplemented with PS has led several national and international scientific societies to endorse their use for the non-pharmacologic treatment of hypercholesterolemia as adjuncts to a healthy diet. There is, however, a lack of clinical trials of PS with outcomes on cardiovascular events.
Whole Genome Sequencing of Klebsiella pneumoniae Strain Unravels a New Model for the Development of Extensive Drug Resistance in Enterobacteriaceae
Authors: Alfaresi Mubarak
Published: July 2018

Introduction:

Increased incidence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) has been reported worldwide. The WHO warns about the imminent risk to global health if the spread of resistant bacteria is not contained.

Materials and Methods:

Here, single molecule real time sequencing was used to analyse the whole genome and resistome of SKGH01, a strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Results and Discussions:

The data showed that SKGH01 was resistant to all commercially available antibiotics. A complete account of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) CRE at a genomic level and the entire location map of all antibiotic resistance components are here presented. Additionally, this work proposes a model of XDR acquisition in Enterobacteriaceae.
Diagnostic Significance of White Blood Cell Count and C-Reactive Protein in Neonatal Sepsis; Asella Referral Hospital, South East Ethiopia
Authors: Sorsa Abebe
Published: July 2018

Introduction:

Nowadays various biochemical markers, such as C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Procalcitonin and tumor necrosis factor alpha, have been proposed as a potential marker for screening neonatal sepsis. In the current study, we tried to see the diagnostic significance of White Blood Cell (WBC) count and CRP in diagnostic screening of neonatal sepsis.

Methods:

A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2016 to April 2017 in Asella Teaching and Referral Hospital. Data were entered into EPI-INFO version 3.5.1 for cleanup and then exported to SPSS version 17 for further analysis. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) were used to assess the accuracy of CRP and WBC count taking blood culture as gold standard.

Results:

Data of 303 neonates with clinical sepsis were analyzed. Positive CRP and abnormal WBC were reported in 136(45%) and 99(32.7%) of study subjects respectively. Blood culture turned to be positive in 88(29.4%) of study subjects. The Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV and NPV of WBC count were 59.5 %, 79.6%, 52%, 64.5% respectively while the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of CRP were 65.6%, 78%, 42% and 91% respectively. By combining both WBC and CRP, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV improve to 78.5%, 83%, 60% and 93% respectively. CRP positivity rate was comparable across gram positive and gram negative bacteria while high WBC count were more reported among gram positive sepsis than gram negative ( OR 4.8, (95% CI 1.45-15.87, P 0.01)

Conclusion:

Based on this study’s finding, it can be concluded that CRP alone or in combination with WBC count showed better diagnostic accuracy in neonatal sepsis.
Biomechanical Analysis of the Fixation Strength of a Novel Plate for Greater Tuberosity Fractures
Authors: Kaisidis Aristotelis , Pantos Panagiotis G. , Bochlos Dimitrios , Lindner Horst
Published: July 2018

Background:

The incidence of isolated greater tuberosity fractures has been estimated to be 20% of all proximal humeral fractures. It is generally accepted that displaced (>5 mm) fractures should be treated surgically but the optimal surgical fixation of greater tuberosity fractures remains unclear.

Objective:

The goal of this study was to simulate the environment of application of a new plate system (Kaisidis plate, Fa Königsee) for fractures of greater tuberosity, and to demonstrate the stability of the plate.

Methods:

A Finite Element Method (FEM) simulation analysis was performed on a Kaisidis plate fixed with nine screws, in a greater tuberosity fracture model. Solid Works 2015 simulation software was used for the analysis. The Kaisidis plate is a bone plate intended for greater tuberosity fractures. It is a low profile plate with nine holes for 2,4 mm diameter locking screws, eight suture holes and additional K-wire holes for temporary fixation of the fragment.

The supraspinatus tendon has the greatest effect on the fracture zone, and as such, was the primary focus for this study. For this study, we performed only linear calculations.

Results:

The calculations were performed in a way so that the total applied force resulted in a maximum stress of 816 N/mm2. The findings indicated that the most critical points of the Kaisidis system are the screws that are connected to the bone. The maximal force generated by the supraspinatus tendon was 784 N, which is higher than the minimal acceptable force.

The results of the FEM analysis showed that the maximal supraspinatus force was 11.6% higher than the minimal acceptable force. As such, the load would exceed twice the amount of maximal force required to tear the supraspinatus tendon, before the screw or the plate would show first signs of plastic deformation.

Conclusion:

Based on the results of this analysis and the fulfilment of our acceptance criterion, the FEM model indicated that the strength of the Kaisidis plate exceeded that of the proposed maximum loads under non-cycli loading conditions.
Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography Analysis of Iris Morphometric Changes Induced by Prostaglandin Analogues Treatment in Patients with Primary Open Angle Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension
Authors: Mancino R , Di Carlo E , Napoli D , Martucci A , Mauro A , RP Sorge , Cesareo M , Nucci C
Published: July 2018

Background:

The study aimed to evaluate iris thickness changes in patients with Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG) or Ocular Hypertension (OHT) under treatment with Prostaglandin Analogues (PG).

Objectives:

Primary outcome measures were iris thickness at the region of Dilator Muscle Region (DMR) and Sphincter Muscle Region (SMR). DMR/SMR ratio was also evaluated. The secondary outcome was the correlation between PG treatment length and iris parameters.

Methods:

The charts of patients with POAG or OHT who underwent Visante OCT were retrospectively selected. The patients were divided in a group using PG for at least 6 months and a group using hypotensive drops not including PG or alpha-adrenergic agonists. A third group included healthy subjects.

Result:

98 subjects were selected. Patients with POAG or OHT using PG eyedrops showed a significant iris thickness reduction at DMR compared to healthy subjects and to patients using hypotensive eyedrops not containing PG. Significantly higher SMR thickness values were found in PG group compared to both control groups. DMR/SMR ratio significantly reduced in PG group. No correlation was found between PG treatment length and iris parameters.

Conclusion:

The present data indicate that PG treatment induced DMR thickness reduction and an increase in SMR thickness. These changes were not related to the duration of PG exposure.