bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Changes to culture pH and dissolved oxygen can enhance CAR T-cell generation and differentiation.
Authors: Lamas Rodrigo , Ulrey Robert , Ahuja Sanjeev , Sargent Alex
Published: January 2024

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is growing clinically and
commercially as a powerful new approach to treat cancer. Understanding
how key culture conditions such as pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) affect
CAR T-cell generation and function is important in developing better
CAR-T manufacturing processes and CAR T-cell therapies for patients. We
used the automated mini-bioreactor (AMBR) 15 platform to assess how
differences in pH and DO affect CAR T-cell transduction, proliferation,
and differentiation. We found that higher pH can significantly improve
CAR T-cell transduction and proliferation, and also biases CAR T-cells
away from an effector memory and towards a more central memory
phenotype. Both high and low DO negatively affect CAR T-cell generation,
with both hypoxic and hyperoxic conditions reducing T-cell transduction
into CAR T-cells. Collectively, this data underscores how pH and DO can
significantly affect CAR T-cell expansion and differentiation, and
provides insight into the optimal culture conditions to enhance CAR
T-cell yield and phenotype in clinical and commercial processes.
Seed mass and shape predicts species' seed bank persistence at a global scale
Authors: Wang Xuejing , Ge Wenjing , Zhang Mingting , Moles Angela , Fernández‐Pascual Eduardo , Saatkamp Arne , Bu Haiyan , Ma Miaojun
Published: January 2024

Predicting how seeds persist in the soil seed bank based on
easy-to-measure traits is of prime importance to improve management
strategies in grazing, farming, and species invasion. We found that
seeds that are smaller and rounder are more likely to form persistent
seed banks at a global scale, using the 1303 species. The relationship
between seed bank persistence and seed mass and shape was not affected
by phylogeny or mean annual precipitation. However, the relationships is
not significant in woody perennials. Species with smaller seeds are more
likely to form persistent seed banks at sites with low soil sand
content, in grassland systems or at low mean annual temperatures.
Species with rounder seeds are more likely to form a persistent seed
bank at higher latitudes. Our results suggest that seed burial mechanics
exert environmental filtering on seed traits, and help improve to assess
vegetation restoration capacity.
Simulation of Blood Flow in Human Arteries as Porous Media
Authors: KHAIRULLAH MOHAMMED , Yassen Sana , Afanador Camilo , AlShara Ahmed , Chamkha Ali
Published: January 2024

Arterioles with a curve shape are normally associated with a slow, blood
ﬂow, which led to a consequent emergence of thrombosis. In spite of the
practical importance, there are not enough computational models that
studied blood flow in very tiny diameters into one efﬁcient framework.
This study has addressed the dynamics of blood effects during porous
medium and blood recirculation zones. Simulations of blood flow as a
porous medium through an elbow artery have been investigated. The
arteries have been treated as a porous medium. The blood is supplied
with various geometries of arteries, which have different diameters. The
outputs from numerical simulations have presented the details of blood
flow patterns and the local distribution of blood flow along the artery.
The effects of permeability, with respect to the variations in the
Reynolds number (Re = 0.1,1 and 5) as well for changing porosity levels
has been discussed. The effects due to different vessel diameters on the
resultant distribution of velocity inside the vessel have been studied.
Results are presented in the form of variations of velocity
distributions and local variations of flow rates through the vessel
dimensions. Simulations are compared with the available data and a good
agreement is found. The study shows to be potentially useful to evaluate
the role of porosity and flow conditions when the body is subjected to
diseases.
Mepolizumab decreases tissue eosinophils while increasing type-2 cytokines in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Walter Sophie , Ho Jacqueline , Alvarado Raquel , Smith Greg , Croucher David R. , Liang Sharron , Es Simone L. Van , Earls Peter , Rimmer Janet , Campbell Raewyn , Kalish Larry , Sacks Raymond , Harvey Richard
Published: January 2024

Background: Eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis is an often
treatment-resistant inflammatory disease mediated by type-2 cytokines,
including interleukin (IL)-5. Mepolizumab, a monoclonal antibody drug
targeting IL-5, has demonstrated efficacy and safety in inflammatory
airway disease, but there is negligible evidence on direct tissue
response. The study aim was to determine the local effect of mepolizumab
on inflammatory biomarkers in sinonasal tissue of eosinophilic chronic
rhinosinusitis patients. Methods: Adult patients with
eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis received 100mg mepolizumab
subcutaneously at four-weekly intervals for 24 weeks in this prospective
phase 2 clinical trial. Tissue eosinophil counts, eosinophil
degranulation (assessed as submucosal eosinophil peroxidase deposition
by immunohistochemistry) and cytokine levels (measured in homogenates by
immunoassay) were evaluated in ethmoid sinus tissue biopsies collected
at baseline and at weeks 4, 8, 16 and 24. Results: Twenty
patients (47.7±11.7 years, 50% female) were included. Sinonasal tissue
eosinophil counts decreased after 24 weeks of treatment with mepolizumab
(101.64±93.80 vs 41.74±53.76 cells per 0.1mm ;
p=0.035), eosinophil degranulation remained unchanged (5.79±2.08
vs 6.07±1.20, p=0.662), and type-2 cytokine levels increased in
sinonasal tissue for IL-5 (10.84±18.65 vs 63.98±50.66, p=0.001),
IL-4 (4.48±3.77 vs 9.38±7.56, p=0.004), IL-13 (4.02±2.57 vs
6.46±3.99, p=0.024) and GM-CSF (1.51±1.74 vs 4.50±2.97,
p=0.001). Conclusions: Mepolizumab reduced eosinophils in
sinonasal tissue, demonstrating that antagonism of IL-5 suppresses
eosinophil trafficking. With reduced tissue eosinophils, a local type-2
inflammatory feedback loop may occur. The study exposes mechanistic
factors which may explain incomplete treatment response.
Analysis of a direct access testing system for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in the paediatric population attending school
Authors: Bert Fabrizio , Boietti Edoardo , Siliquini Roberta , Moro Giuseppina Lo , Barbaro Silvana , Barbero Silvia , Minutiello Ettore , Fagioli Franca , Sinigaglia Tiziana
Published: January 2024

Abstract Rationale, aims and objectives During the COVID-19 pandemic, in
order to keep schools open and reduce SARS-CoV spreading, it is
necessary to identify and isolate early SARS-CoV-2 positive paediatric
patients (PP). The aim of this study was to describe the appropriateness
of school hot spot (HS) setting for SARS-CoV 2 testing based on open
access of PP. Method A cross-sectional study was performed between
September 2020 and March 2021 among a sample of 13,283 PP in four
different hospital settings. We collected: date of swab execution, type
of swab, execution setting of the swab, result of the swab, information
about community spread of the virus in the 14 days prior to the swab
execution, sex and age. Results In Our sample, females were 45.8%. The
swabs executed in all the hospital settings had a lower likelihood of
resulting positive compared with the school HS setting. New-borns below
3 months and patients aged between 11 and 13 years old reported a higher
probability of a swab tested positive compared to adolescents. Instead,
children aged between 3 months and 2 years and aged between 3 years and
5 years were less likely to result positive. Conclusion We found a high
prevalence of PP positive to the test for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 at
the school hot spot compared with other settings. The open access
modality to the nasopharyngeal swab was effective in identifying PP with
COVID-19. Public health authorities should implement these testing
modality in order to reduce SARS-CoV-2 infections in school settings.
Absolute Correlation Between Ionization and Hydration Energies for Cations
Authors: Arulsamy Andrew Das
Published: January 2024

Calculations of hydration energies are extremely important in physical,
chemical and life sciences, and therefore their values need to be
accurately determined if these energies were to be used to derive the
proper and correct physico-chemical mechanisms. Here, we prove the
existence of absolute correlation between ionization and hydration
energies for transition-metal cations. The said absolute correlation can
be exploited in an unambiguous manner to verify the calculated hydration
energies for divalent and trivalent transition metal cations.
Evaluation of strontium marking effectiveness for fin ray of a teleostean fish ( Megalobrama amblycephala ) by electron probe microanalysis
Authors: Jiang Tao , Zhu Yahua , Liu Hongbo , Chen Xiubao , Phelps Quinton , Yang Jian
Published: January 2024

Stock enhancement and releasing is one of common and effective technique
in the wild resource protection and restoration. Nevertheless, missing
an effective mark-recapture method makes it hard to evaluate the effect.
By the benefit of non-toxic, harmless and long retention time,
microchemical marking (i.e. strontium) become an effective means. Here
we developed a fin ray strontium marking technique. The larvae, blunt
snout bream ( Megalobrama amblycephala Yih, 1955) was marked in
the 800 mg L SrCl ·6H
O solution for 5 days before a 20-day recovery culture
in normal water. The section of dorsal fin rays was extracted to analyze
the Sr concentration distribution in the plane by using electron probe
microanalysis (EPMA) with accelerating voltage of 15 kV and beam current
of 0.36 μA. It showed that the determination condition of 15 kV, 0.36 μA
could obtain the obviously visual and accurate distribution map of Sr
concentration in the fin rays, with minimum damage. The dynamics of Sr
mark in fin ray coped well with that of Sr immersing process of the
experimental fish. By the meantime, a 3D mesh image was also used, which
was able to reflect more details than the normal 2D mapping result.
Non-lethally samplable fin ray can completely replace lethally sampled
otolith for accurate evaluation the Sr marking effect by using EPMA with
accelerating voltage of 15 kV and beam current of 0.36 μA. The method
had immensely practical value in the experimental development of
restocking methodologies with the advantages of objectivity, accuracy
and visualization.
IL-25 Promotes Eosinophils Antigen Presenting Function in Allergic Asthma
Authors: Peng Bo , Sun Lin , Zhang Meng , Yan Huacheng , Shi Guochao , Xia Zhenwei , Dai Ranran , Tang Wei
Published: January 2024

Background: Eosinophils act as a secondary antigen-presenting
cell (APC) to stimulate Th cell responses against antigens. IL-25 plays
an important role on eosinophil activation in allergic asthma. The role
of IL-25 on the classic APC functions of dendritic cells has been
elucidated. However, whether IL-25 facilitates eosinophils for antigen
presentation is unknown. Objective: To elucidate IL-25 on
eosinophils antigen presenting function during allergic asthma and its
related mechanism. Methods: Eosinophils from allergic asthma
subjects were cultured with IL-25 and HDM to identify the co-stimulator
molecules expression. Co-cultures of eosinophils and autologous naïve
CD4+ T cells in the same culture system were to explore whether
eosinophils had the capacity to promote Th cell differentiation in
response to IL-25 engagement. In asthma mouse model, IL-25
mice were exposed to HDM to investigate IL-25
functions on eosinophils during sensitization phase. The impact of IL-25
on the capacity for eosinophil taking up antigens and costimulatory
molecules expression was evaluated. Mouse bone marrow derived
eosinophils (BmEOS) were co-cultured with naïve CD4+T cells sorted from
spleens under HDM and IL-25 stimulation to identify T cell
differentiation. Results: IL-25 upregulated HLA-DR, PD-L1 and
OX-40L expression on eosinophils from allergic asthma patients. IL-25
and HDM co-sensitized eosinophils promoted Th2 differentiation. In
animal model, IL-25 mice experienced restrained
allergic pulmonary inflammation and reduced eosinophils chemotaxis
during early sensitization phase. In vitro, IL-25 promoted antigen
uptake by eosinophils. During BmEOS and naïve CD4+T cells co-culture,
IL-25 accreted the proportion of CD4+Th2 cells, which was absent in
CD4+T cells culture alone. Conclusion: Our data identify a
novel role of IL-25 in enhancing eosinophils antigen presenting capacity
to induce Th2 priming in the context of allergic inflammation.
Dynamical analysis of a fractional-order eco-epidemiological model with infected predator and prey harvesting
Authors: Moustafa Mahmoud , ABDULLAH Farah , shafie sharidan
Published: January 2024

This paper is concerned with a fractional-order eco-epidemiological
model with disease in predator species and prey harvesting. The
nonlinear incidence rate and Monod-Haldane functional response for
interactions between species are considered. The existence, uniqueness,
non-negativity and boundedness of solutions are established for this
fractional-order model. Some sufficient conditions are obtained to
ensure the local asymptotic stability of equilibrium points. The
proposed fractional-order model is very sensitive to varying the
fractional-order, prey harvesting and initial conditions. Theoretical
results are illustrated by using numerical simulations.
Spatiotemporal variation in growth and condition factor of Ellochelon vaigiensis (Mugiliformes: Mugilidae)
Authors: Dinh Quang Minh , Lam None Tran Thi Huyen , Nguyen None Ton Huu Duc , Phan Linh
Published: January 2024

The Squaretail mullet Ellochelon vaigiensis is a commercial fish and
distributed from marine to freshwater in Indo-Pacific, including the
Vietnamese Mekong Delta. Data on the length-weight relationship (LWR),
growth pattern, and condition factor (CF) play an essential role in
fisheries assessment but are limited to E. vaigiensis. This study
examined whether growth pattern and CF of E. vaigiensis vary with sex,
season, month, and site variables. The analysis results of 942 fish
specimens (525 male and 416 female) showed that total length
(TL=17.86±0.13 cm) and weight (W=54.29±1.05 g) changed with sex, season,
month, and site. The W of squaretail could be estimated from a given TL
due to high determination coefficients of LWRs (r2>0.8).
The species showed negative allometry as the b value (2.34±0.30)
obtained LWR was <3, indicating that most fish specimens were
caught in the immature stage. The growth pattern of this species did not
change with sexes, seasons and sites, but varied with months ranging
from negative allometry to isometry. The CF of E. vaigiensis showed
sexual variation as this value of females (1.08±0.01) was higher than
that of males (0.99±0.01). Also, the CF showed spatiotemporal variation
ranging from 0.81±0.01 to 1.25±0.02. Overall, the CF of this species
(1.02±0.01) was higher than 1, indicating that E. vaigiensis lived an
adequate food availability condition.
A Potential Problem in Differentiating Religious Delusions and Beliefs
Authors: Kouchakzadeh Aliakbar , Alikhani Alireza , gharibzadeh shahriar
Published: January 2024

Delusion is an important symptom in psychiatry practice and can be a
sign of a serious mental disease. Many psychiatric disorders include
delusions in their clinical presentations. There are different theories
about the nature of delusions but one of the most dominant ones is that
delusions are beliefs in essence. In this paper, we suggest that this
shared doxastic nature of delusions and beliefs, alongside DSM-5’s
subjective definition, makes it difficult for psychiatrists to
distinguish delusions from non-pathological religious beliefs. This
difficulty can lead to noticeable consequences.
PRIMARY PEDIATRIC MYELOFIBROSIS WITH A NOVEL CALRETICULIN GENE MUTATION
Authors: Chauhan Priyanka , Gupta Anshul , Bhandary Chandni , Gupta Ruchi , Kashyap Rajesh
Published: January 2024

Primary myelofibrosis in childhood is a rare occurrence. We report a
case of 12-year-old female who had a three year history of progressive
abdominal distension with two months history of increasing pallor and
associated symptoms. On evaluation she was found to have primary
myelofibrosis with a novel frameshift deletion in the Calreticulin gene
leading to premature truncation of the protein. Patient responded to
hydroxyurea and low dose steroid therapy. Our case highlights the
typical adult like presentation with a novel mutation in CALR gene,
emphasizing the need to perform mutational analysis in pediatric
myelofibrosis with no secondary etiology
Multidimensional gene regulatory landscape of motor organ pulvinus in the model legume Medicago truncatula
Authors: Bai Quanzi , Yang Wenjing , Qin Guochen , Zhao Baolin , Liangliang * , Zhang Xuan , Zhao Weiyue , Zhou Dian , Liu Ye , Liu Yu , Hua * , Tadege Million , Xiong Yan , Liu Changning , chen jianghua
Published: January 2024

Nyctinastic leaf movement of Fabaceae is driven by the tiny motor organ
pulvinus located at the base of leaf or leaflet. Despite the increased
understanding of the essential role of ELP1 orthologs in determining
organ identity, key regulatory components and molecular mechanisms
underlying this movement remain largely unclear. Here, we used WT
pulvinus and the equivalent tissue in elp1 mutant to carry out
transcriptome and proteome experiments, and the omics data indicated
that there are multiple cell biological processes altered at gene
expression and protein abundance level during the pulvinus development.
In addition, comparative analysis of organ specific transcriptome from
different leaf tissues provided clues to illuminate the origin of
pulvinus and signaling pathways of leaf movement. Furthermore, mutants
of clock gene MtPRR5 confirmed its function in the leaf movement,
meanwhile auxin signal played in important role in pulvinus development.
By the way, molecular and histochemical results confirmed lots of cell
wall and photosynthesis related genes are involved in the pulvinus
development. This study provides a comprehensive insight of the
nyctinastic movement, further supplies a rich dataset to facilitate the
identification of novel players involved in nyctinastic movement.
The use of caffeine in premature infants with apnea: dosage and preventive application
Authors: Wang Yirui , Yang Fan , Yang Yuting , Zuo Jingye , Yue Dongmei
Published: January 2024

Caffeine is used worldwide and has become the first-line treatment for
apnea in pediatric intensive care units. Compared with other
methylxanthines, caffeine has better therapeutic efficacy and fewer
adverse reactions. Various studies have determined the clinical
relevance and usefulness of caffeine. With the gradual development of
precision medicine and the goal of improving the long-term prognosis of
children, the optimal dose of caffeine has become a primary focus of
clinical research. Recent clinical trials have shown that high-dose
caffeine citrate has a better effect on apnea, can effectively increase
the extubation rate, reduce the incidence of adverse reactions, prevent
bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and reduce the occurrence of cerebral palsy
and cognitive impairment. However, the preventive use of caffeine in
preterm infants and the optimal maintenance dose remain controversial.
Therefore, large-scale randomized controlled trials are needed to
determine and establish standard protocols for using caffeine treatment,
specifically in younger populations.
The constricting effect of reduced coronary artery compliance on the left ventricle is an important cause of reduced diastolic function in patients with coronary heart disease
Authors: Lv Liang , Xu Yannan , Zhang Qiong , Kan Shanshan , Chen Xiaoming , Liu Huajin , Wang Hongwei , Wang Changhua , Ma Jiangwei
Published: January 2024

Background: Previous studies of left ventricular diastolic
function (LVDF) have focused on the decrease in active and passive
diastolic function due to ischemic factors but have not investigated if
the decrease in compliance of the coronary arteries that bypass the
surface of the heart and travel between the myocardium could cause a
constricting effect on the ventricular wall like that caused by
myocardial fibrosis. Methods and Results: From October 2016 to
October 2019, the Department of Cardiology of Fengxian District Central
Hospital treated 581 patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease
(CHD). They were divided into groups according to the degree of coronary
stenosis, the number of stents and the length of stents implanted. It
was concluded that there was a statistical difference in Gensini scores
between patients in groups B, C and D (P<0.001). And multiple
linear regression analysis showed that T was correlated with Gensini
score and C-dp/dtmax(R=0.711, P<0.001). Grouping according to
the site of stent implantation and the number of stents implanted, it
was found out that the changes in T values before and after left
anterior descending artery (LAD) stent implantation were greater than
left circumflex artery (LCX) and right coronary artery (RCA)
(P<0.001). And multiple linear regression revealed a
correlation between T values and stent length, ventricular stiffness,
and C-dp/dtmax(P=0.001). Conclusions: The decrease in
compliance of the coronary arteries bypassing the surface of the heart
and travelling between the myocardium would cause a constricting effect
on the ventricular wall like that caused by myocardial fibrosis.
“Loop recorder in intermediate risk HCM: should we routinely implant it ?”
Authors: andreoli chiara , Fortuni Federico , Biscottini Emilia , Helou Johny , Mazzucca Daniele , Scarpignato Maurizio
Published: January 2024

We present a case of syncope where the use of an implantable loop
recorder was determinant to identify the cause and guide clinical
management in a patient with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy at
intermediate risk for 5-year sudden cardiac death.
A case of adverse reaction to booster dose of COVID-19 vaccination: could D-dimer elevation suggest increased clotting risk?
Authors: Fazio Serafino , Vaccariello Manila , Affuso Flora
Published: January 2024

we here report the clinical case of a serious adverse reaction to
booster dose COVID-19 vaccination in a 40-year-old woman, who soon
,developed severe headache, high fever, and musculoskeletal pains, with
very important elevation of D-dimer levels and clear reduction of White
Blood Count.
Design of Robust Malate Dehydrogenases by Assembly of Motifs of Halophilic and Thermophilic Enzyme Based on Interaction Network
Authors: Huo Heyu , Ji Zhehui , Duan Lingxuan , Wang Shizhen
Published: January 2024

Robust oxidoreductases in non-aqueous system is promising to bridge the
gap between research and industrial application. Malate dehydrogenases
(MDHs) were select as model enzyme for redesign based on motif assembly
study. Computationally inserted the robust motifs which response to salt
concentration into the selected scaffold, and resulted novel MDHs.
Top-scoring MDH with structure compatibility and dynamic harmony is
expressed for experimental verification. Result indicated the MDH03 with
enhanced thermostability, extended pH adaptation and ionic liquid
tolerance. The activity of MDH03 was 1.78-fold of parent MDH in present
of [EMIM]BF4. Further study of amino acid residues interaction
network explain the robustness of MDH03 based on high-density salt
bridges. Research also indicated the hydrophobic contacts and pi-pi
contacts of interfacial interactions of motifs play key role for
activity and stability of MDH03.This work promote an approach to design
robust dehydrogenase with high ionic liquids tolerance and the further
application in biosensors.
Attitudes of pregnant women toward wearable technology: an observational cross-sectional survey study
Authors: Wakefield Colin , Yao Lena , Self Steve , Frasch Martin
Published: January 2024

Objective: Telemedicine has advanced to the forefront of healthcare
delivery, including maternal-fetal medicine. Smart wearable
electrocardiogram (ECG) devices can enable pregnant women to monitor
their health and that of their fetuses. Such technology would be a
logical extension of the telemedicine ecosystem. However, it is not
known how pregnant women perceive the ability to use such technologies.
Design: Observational cross-sectional study. Setting: Online survey in
the United States in 2019. Population: A representative sample of 507
women aged 18-45 were polled from 45 states. Methods: Study participants
were recruited using the SurveyMonkey Audience Polling system and
responded virtually. Main Outcome Measures: Women were asked to identify
willingness to use a wearable ECG device the size of a patch-sized large
band-aid on their abdomen. Ten binary or multiple-choice questions were
used to gauge population interest and related demographics towards the
usage of a wearable ECG device. Results: 91% of women expecting to
become pregnant in the next five years accept wearable ECG technology as
a mechanism for increased frequency of monitoring of maternal and fetal
health throughout the pregnancy outside the hospital. 78% of women
demonstrated a willingness to wear devices day and night or at least
during sleep and 42% of women would spend up to $200 on such a device.
Conclusions: Even though conducted prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, this
study clearly indicates a high degree of readiness of prospective
pregnant women for telemedicine with continuous health monitoring of the
mother-fetus dyad during the entire antepartum period.
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Caused by a Novel ZNFX1 Variant.
Authors: Al-Sweedan suleimman , Almasri Mariam , Abushukair Hassan , Alhusan Abdallah , Za'nouneh Faris Abu , Alsweedan Dalia , ayasreh hajer
Published: January 2024

Objective: We report this case of a 2.5 months old infant diagnosed with
HLH with an autosomal recessive ZNFX1 related immune-hematological
abnormalities in order to provide more information regarding the genetic
and clinical manifestations concerning this disorder. Method: Medical
file of the patient was reviewed including; patient profile, lab
results, and management. Results: we present a unique case of a 2.5
months HLH patient that presented with a unique genetic variant with a
mutated ZNFX1 gene. Conclusion: we report a homozygous ZNFX1 variant as
the base of HLH in this patient. HLH proposes a diagnostic challenge as
its signs and symptoms are concurrent with other differentials.
The reduced Sombor index and the exponential reduced Sombor index of a molecular tree
Authors: Wang Fangxia , Wu Baoyindureng
Published: January 2024

The reduced Sombor index $SO_{red}(G)$ and the exponential reduced
Sombor index of a graph $G$ $e^{SO_{red}}(G)$ are defined
respectively as
$$SO_{red}(G)=\sum_{uv\in
E(G)}\sqrt{(d(u)-1)^2+(d(v)-1)^2},$$
$$e^{SO_{red}}(G)=\sum_{uv\in
E(G)}e^{\sqrt{(d(u)-1)^2+(d(v)-1)^2}},$$
where $d(u)$ denotes the degree of the vertex $u$ in $G$. In this
paper, we obtain the maximum value of the reduced Sombor index among all
molecular trees of order $n$ with perfect matching and characterize
the corresponding extremal trees. This sloves a problem of the reduced
Sombor index posed by Deng, Tang and Wu (Molecular trees with extremal
values of Sombor indices, International Journal of Quantum Chemistry,
121 (2021) e26622). We also show that the maximum molecular trees of
exponential reduced Sombor index and reduced Sombor index are the same,
which was conjectured by Liu, You, Tang and Liu (On the reduced Sombor
index and its applications, MATCH Commun. Math. Comput. Chem. 86 (2021)
729-753).
RUNX Family Regulated Immune-related Genes Predict the Prognosis of Breast Cancer
Authors: Fu Jingyue , Xu Feng , Chen Rui , Liu Jinhui , Li Jiaying , Wang Xinyang , Xia Tiansong
Published: January 2024

Background Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women due
to the disorder of genes and hormones. RUNX family has been involved in
the regulation of different carcinogenic processes and signaling
pathways with cancer, which is closely related to immunity and prognosis
of breast cancer patients. Methods We evaluated the relationship between
RUNX family and immune-related genes and the prognosis of breast cancer
through analyzing TCGA database. A prognostic model was established and
verified via cox proportional hazards regression model using R packages.
Then, we obtained the relationship between the RUNX family and immune
infiltration by TIMER database. Results The expression levels of RUNX
family in tumor tissues were higher than that in normal breast tissues.
We screened RUNX-regulated immune-related gene associated with breast
cancer prognosis. RUNX family-regulated immune-related genes associated
with the prognosis of breast cancer were screened. These predictors
included PSME2, ULBP2, IL-18, TSLP, NPR3, TRDV1. And then a
prognosis-related risk score model was built using the independent risk
factors to provide a clinically appropriate method predicting the OS
probability of the patients with breast cancer. The prognostic model we
constructed performed well in the prognostic forecast, it could promote
the development of prognostic assessment, and was associated with lower
immune infiltration. Conclusion RUNX family could modulate the functions
of immune cells, and these immune-related genes regulated by RUNX family
could be promising prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in
breast cancer.
Continuous versus intermittent vancomycin infusions in children with severe gram-positive bacterial infections: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Liu Shuang , Wu Yahui , Shi Chong , Zhang Ming , Huang Xiaolan , Cui Xiaodai , Huang Siyuan , Fan Jingrong , Qu Dong
Published: January 2024

Objectives This study aimed: (a) to compare the effects of continuous
and intermittent infusions of vancomycinon the
pharmacodynamics/pharmacokinetics (PK/PD) at a dose of 40
mg.kg-1.d-1 in children; (b) to
compare the outcomes and the frequency of the drug-related adverse
effects in this population. Methods This single-center randomized
controlled trial enrolled children, admitted to the intensive care unit
over a period of 36 months (June 1, 2017–June 1, 2020), and required
vancomycin therapy. These children were randomly assigned to the CIV and
IIV groups. The demographic, indices of PK/PD, outcomes, and
drug-related adverse effects were collected and analyzed. Results Of the
92 patients randomized, 90 were included in the analysis and 2 patients
dropped out of the trial. The study was conducted on two groups: the IIV
group (n = 50) and the CIV group (n = 40) and various parameters were
compared. The plateau concentration in the CIV group was higher than the
trough concentration in the IIV group (15.22 mg.L-1
vs. 6.25 mg.L-1, P < 0.05). The AUC0–24/MIC
of the IIV group was lower (median 391.45, IQR 251.45–898.16) compared
to that of the CIV group (429.60, IQR 220.92–769.20; P >
0.05). None of the two groups showed any significant difference in the
clinical prognosis or the drug-induced nephrotoxicity. Conclusions
Therefore, CIV can assist in attaining the target concentrations of
vancomycin more quickly in critically ill children, without increasing
the dosage. Also, the children subjected to CIV demonstrated no
difference in clinical efficacy and the rate of drug-related
nephrotoxicity.
Two-dimensional Multiphase Batch Process Monitoring Based on Sparse Canonical Variate Analysis
Authors: Zhang Shumei , Bao Xiaoli
Published: January 2024

Most industrial batch processes involve inherent dynamic characteristics
in both within-batch time direction and batch-wise direction. In order
to ensure process safety and improve process performance, the
two-dimensional dynamics should be analyzed during batch process
monitoring. In this work, Firstly, two-dimensional region of support
(2D-ROS) is constructed to select and preserve the relevant samples for
the current measured sample by calculating autoregressive orders with
Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) in time direction and measuring the
similarity with weighted Euclidean distance in batch-wise direction.
Afterward, sparse canonical variate analysis (SCVA) algorithm is
performed to yield sparse canonical vectors, which is especially
advantageous for eliminating the irrelevant variables and facilitating
the interpretation of underlying relationships of process variables. The
upper control limits (UCLs) in 2D-SCVA can be estimated using kernel
density estimation (KDE). The achieved results clearly verify that the
proposed method performs well for detecting abnormal operation for the
batch process.
The relationship of postural asymmetry to inspiratory and expiratory pressure of young women
Authors: Sutkowski Marek , Paśko Sławomir , Grudniewski Tomasz , Żuk Beata
Published: January 2024

Introduction Breathing mechanic is determined by tonus and flexibility,
correct contraction amplitude of the thoracic diaphragm, relaxation, and
the activity of auxiliary muscles. Respiratory muscle strength is
evaluated by measuring the static maximal inspiratory (MIP) and
expiratory (MEP) pressures. The aim of this research was to determine
the relationship between MIP and MEP and body posture in female soccer
players. Material and methods The research involved a group of 57 women
aged 16-20 years (42 soccer players and 15 controls) without disorders
in the movement apparatus, cardiovascular system, or respiratory system.
MIP and MEP were measured and analyzed with respect to body posture in
three different positions. MIP and MEP values were evaluated with Micro
Respiratory Muscle Analyzer (CareFusion). The body posture in the
coronal plane from the back measured with a non-contact 3D
photogrammetry system. Results Asymmetries in body posture were also
measured and compared between groups. Asymmetry was observed at all
anatomical locations in each of the postural positions, with an increase
in asymmetry of the scapulae in the soccer players (p = 0.008). The
control group had increased asymmetry at the skull nuchal line.
Conclusions These results draw attention to the need for standardizing
the evaluation procedure for respiratory muscle strength and
interpretation of results. Postural measurements allow linkage of
specific postural errors to the maximum strength of inspiratory and
expiratory muscles. The asymmetrical location of the scapulae may be
followed by a disturbance in the maximum strength of the inspiratory
muscles.
Predictors associated with bleeding and thromboembolic complications in patients taking rivaroxaban-- a Singapore study
Authors: Soh Xin Qin , Tan Doreen Su-Yin , Chan Eric Chun Yong
Published: January 2024

Aims: In a previous study, Singaporean Asians were found to have lower
rivaroxaban plasma concentrations than Caucasians. This study attempts
to identify predictors that may be associated with bleeding and stroke
and systemic embolism (SSE) in Singaporean Asians taking rivaroxaban and
apixaban. Methods: A total of 134 Singaporean patients on either
rivaroxaban or apixaban for non-valvular atrial fibrillation were
included for this study. Baseline characteristics were recorded at
recruitment while bleeding and SSE events were recorded during a 1-year
follow-up. Characteristics of patients with or without bleeds were
compared using relevant statistical tests. Multivariable regression that
included covariates with p < 0.1 from an initial univariable
regression was performed to analyze predictors that resulted in higher
risk of bleeding in patients. Results: Median creatinine clearance
(CrCl) was significantly lower in patients on rivaroxaban who
experienced bleeds as compared to patients who did not experience bleeds
(61.5 vs 70.8 mL/min, p = 0.047), while concomitant simvastatin use was
found to be independently associated with a six-fold increased risk of
bleeding [Adjusted OR = 6.14 (95% CI: 1.18 – 31.97), p = 0.031]
for rivaroxaban after controlling for body mass index, CrCl and having
experienced a previous SSE. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that
concomitant use of simvastatin with rivaroxaban may be associated with
bleeding events in an Asian cohort. Further studies using
physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling are required to
investigate the drug-drug interactions between these drugs. Keywords:
Atrial Fibrillation, Bleeding, Rivaroxaban, Simvastatin
Changes of autonomic nervous system activity on idiopathic premature ventricular complexes after radiofrequency ablation
Authors: Ding Bing , Dai Yunlang , Zhang Fangfang , Hui Jie , Chen Yunhu , He Linyan , Xie Liqian
Published: January 2024

Objective Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) is a standard
treatment for idiopathic premature ventricular complexes (PVCs). This
study was aimed to determine autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity in
patients with low, medium and high PVC burdens pre- and pro-RFCA.
Methods We retrospectively analyzed a total of 200 patients
underwent radiofrequency ablation surgery for idiopathic PVCS from June
2017 to March 2021. The procedural ablation success was achieved in 179
of the 200 (89.5%). Patients had success ablation was classified into
low burden PVC group (PVCs/min ≤15%), medium burden PVC group
(15%> PVCs/min <25%) and high burden PVC group
(PVCs/min ≥25%). We assessed the clinical data, time and
frequency-domain variables, heart rate turbulence(HRV) and deceleration
capacity of rate of patients with different PVC burdens and various
ablation site. Spearman correlation analysis was performed.
Results High burden PVCs had higher mean HR, SDANN, SDNN index,
standard deviation of normal to normal intervals (SDNN), root-mean
square successive differences (rMSSD), pNN50 and lower ratio of
low-frequency (LF)/ high-frequency (HF), compared to low burden PVCs.
After ablation, SDNN, SDNN index, SDANN, rMSSD, pNN50, TS (turbulence
slope) and DC (deceleration capacity) were significantly decreased
(P<0.01), while LF/HF and TO was significantly increased
(P<0.01). The burden of preoperative PVCs was positively
correlated with LVD, mean HR, SDNN index, SDANN, rMSSD and pNN50, but
negatively correlated with TC, LDL-C, LVEF and LF/HF. Regression
analysis showed that the burden of PVCs was positively correlated with
mean HR ( P=0.000), SDANN ( P=0.000) and rMSSD (
P=0.000). Conclusion With the increase of PVCS burden,
both sympathetic and vagus nerve activities are enhanced. The numbers of
PVCS may be related to impaired autonomic nerve balance regulation. RFCA
reduced parasympathetic activity and sympathetic activity after
eradication of PVCS.
A Systematic Review of the Epidemiology of Human Respiratory Viruses in Indonesia
Authors: Bhattarai Sankalpa , Chee Hsien-Yao , Prasettya Andrew , Wiyarta Elvan , Anderson Benjamin
Published: January 2024

Viral pathogens greatly contribute to higher respiratory disease burden
among individuals living in low-to-middle income countries (LMICs). In
Indonesia, influenza-like illness (ILI) and severe acute respiratory
infection (SARI) surveillance networks have been established to better
understand the epidemiology of viral respiratory disease; however, due
to limited resources and operational capacity, data from these systems
are sparse. Here, we summarize the results of a literature review
conducted to identify published articles related to human respiratory
viruses in Indonesia. We identified 66 scientific articles, published
between 1998 and 2021. Of these, 21 (31.8%) studied influenza A or B,
17 (25.8%) studied influenza H5N1, 19 (28.8%) studied coronaviruses, 5
(7.6 %) studied RSV, and 2 (3.0 %) studied enterovirus. Our findings
show that large numbers of studies in Indonesia were primarily conducted
in response to viral respiratory disease outbreaks, but with limited
epidemiological data. We also identified gaps in information regarding
the geographical distribution of viral respiratory disease burden, as
studies were more highly concentrated in populated cities, such as
Jakarta, Java, and Bali. This review highlights the need for more robust
surveillance of ILI and SARI cases throughout Indonesia, as well as
allocation of more resources for viral respiratory disease etiology and
epidemiological studies.
Atrial flutter revealing the diagnosis of metastatic melanoma involving the heart.
Authors: Abohelwa Mostafa , Elmassry Mohamed , Del-Rio-Pertuz Gaspar , wischmeyer Jason
Published: January 2024

The heart’s involvement by melanoma is not common on presentation, and
it goes even unrevealed in some patients. Glancy et al. reviewed
autopsies in 70 patients with melanoma and demonstrated that cardiac
metastases occurred in up to 65% . In general,
cardiac metastasis is unusual and has been described in <10%
of melanoma cases . The reason that cardiac
metastasis is not common is that most patients lack cardiac symptoms.
Very few patients like our patient present with cardiac symptoms that
reveal the diagnosis of metastatic melanoma.
Misdiagnosed of Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma:a case report
Authors: Gao Xiaohan , Li Yan , Li Jing , Kang Lin , Wei Qiang , Li Jie , Yang Jie , Hao Hongling
Published: January 2024

Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is a special subtype of
peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Pathology diagnosis is the gold standard,
but due to lack of specific pathological characteristics, diagnosis is
challenging. This study had shown that combining immunohistochemistry
and gene rearrangement can increase the diagnostic accuracy.
Systematic quality control in construction of phage surface Fab display library with a diversity of 10e11
Authors: Cui Kai , Yang Yujun , Zhang Xiaoju , Zhou Chen
Published: January 2024

Phage display is widely used in the discovery and development of
antibody therapeutics. Though the library quality is critical, no
quality control system has been developed. Here, we report a systematic
quality control system to ensure the fast construction of phage display
libraries. The keys of the system include the single PCR amplification
of variable heavy (VH) and light chain (LC) repertoires, construction of
component libraries, introduction of a linker between the LC and VH
regions in display vectors and use of four-fragments ligation (four-way
ligation). Using this system, two Fab display libraries (4 × 1010 and
1.6 × 1011) were constructed. Titration, sequencing and expression
analyses of the libraries revealed a ligation-transformation efficiency
(LTE) of >109 clones/µg of ligation product,
>80% unique clones and >80% Fab-expressible
clones, indicating a diversity of > 1.28 x 1011. Starting
from the amplification of antibody gene repertoires, a library up to
1011 can be constructed in three months. The results demonstrated the
practicability, simplicity, reliability, scalability, flexibility, and
reproducibility of the system in the fast construction of a high-quality
phage display library.
General decay result for a quasi-linear parabolic system with a weak viscoelastic term
Authors: Tahamtani Faramarz , Shahrouzi Mohammad
Published: January 2024

In this work, we study an initial boundary value problem for a
quasi-linear parabolic system with a weak viscoelastic term of the form
\begin{equation*} \begin{aligned} A(t)
|u_{t}|^{m - 2} u_{t}
+\Delta^{2}u - {\alpha}(t)
&\int_{0}^{t}g( t - s)
\Delta^{2}( s )ds = 0, \qquad
x\in \Omega, t \geq 0,
\\ u(x,t) = \frac
{\partial u} {\partial
\nu}(x,t)&= 0,\qquad x\in
\partial \Omega,\ t
\geq 0,\\ u( x , 0) =
u_{0}&(x),\qquad x \in
\Omega,\\
\end{aligned} \end{equation*} where
$m\geq 2$, $A(t)$ a bounded and positive definite
matrix is considered in a bounded domain $\Omega$ in
$R^{n}$. We establish a general decay result, which depends on
the behavior of both $\alpha$ and $g$, by using the
perturbed energy functional technique.
Construction and characterization of a full-length cDNA infectious clone of emerging porcine Teschovirus-2
Authors: Li Yuying , Chen Shengnan , Shi Yaokai , Huang Haixin , Wang Wei , Zheng Min , Zhao Chenchen , Zhang Xinyu , Lei Xiaoxiao , sun chao , Liu Hao , Lan Tian
Published: January 2024

Porcine teschovirus (PTV) is a causative agent of polio,
encephalomyelitis, reproductive disorders, and gastrointestinal and
respiratory diseasesin swine. In this study, the PTV-2 GX/2020 strain
was isolated from pig intestinal tissue using ST cells. Phylogenetic
analysis of VP1 nucleotide sequences indicated that the GX/2020 strain
was closely related to PTV-2 (86%). Furthermore, a full-length cDNA
infectious clone of GX/2020 was constructed using seamless ligation
technology. The rescued virus was had a genome sequence largely
consistent with the parental virus sequence and had similar growth
characteristics. Overall, the PTV-2 virus successfully isolated in this
study and the employed reverse genetic platform have laid a foundation
for studying the pathogenic mechanism of porcine Teschovirus.
Sex-specific outcrossing advantages and sexual dimorphism in the seedlings of dioecious trees
Authors: Zhang Yonghua , Lin Wei , Chu Chengjin , Ni Ming
Published: January 2024

Dioecious trees are important components of many forest ecosystems.
Outcrossing advantage and sexual dimorphism are two major mechanisms
that explain the persistence of dioecious plants; however, they have
rarely been studied in dioecious trees. In this study, we investigated
the influence of gender and genetic distance between parental trees
(GDPT) on the growth and functional traits of 229 seedlings of a
dioecious tree, Diospyros morrisiana. We found significant positive
relationships between GDPT and seedling sizes and tissue density.
However, the positive outcrossing effects on seedling growth mainly
manifested in female seedlings, but were not prominent in male
seedlings. Male seedlings generally had higher biomass and leaf area
than female seedlings, but such differences diminished as the GDPT
increased. Our research highlights that outcrossing advantage in plants
can be sex-specific and sexual dimorphism begins from the seedling stage
of dioecious trees.
Urchin-like Co3O4/peroxymonosulfate system for crystal violet degradation: Reaction kinetics and process optimization
Authors: Li Bo , Dai Li-Yuan , Wang Wei-Song , Xu Huan-yan
Published: January 2024

Advanced oxidation processes based on the sulfate radicals (SR-AOPs)
have been considered as promising methods to eliminate the organic
contaminants from wastewater. In this work, the urchin-like Co3O4 was
prepared and developed as an efficient heterogenous catalyst to activate
peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for the degradation of crystal violet (CV). The
morphological observations by SEM and TEM confirmed a distinct
urchin-like structure of as-prepared Co3O4 sample. XRD pattern indicated
that all the characteristic diffraction peaks belonged to Co3O4 with the
face-centered-cubic spinel structure. The contrast experiments showed
that the CV degradation efficiency in urchin-like Co3O4/PMS system was
much higher than that in pristine PMS or Co3O4 system, suggesting that
PMS could be effectively activated by the urchin-like Co3O4 for CV
degradation. Kinetic studies revealed that CV degradation reaction in
urchin-like Co3O4/PMS system followed the retarded first-order model.
The process optimization of CV degradation was implemented by response
surface methodology (RSM).