bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of plan quality and robustness using VMAT and IMRT for breast cancer
Authors: Yin Chuou , Deng Juan , Mei Guojian , Cheng Hao , He Yingying , Liu Jiang
Published: May 2024

To evaluate the plan quality and robustness of volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for breast cancer, 50 patients, including 25 patients who received radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery (BCR) and 25 patients who received postmastectomy radiotherapy (PRT), were selected for this study. Nominal VMAT and IMRT plans were generated for each patient on Eclipse treatment planning system (version 15.6). The dosimetric metrics, dose distribution, gamma passing rate, and delivery time were compared. In addition, 12 uncertainty plans with plan isocenter uncertainty and CT density uncertainty were recalculated based on the nominal plans for each patient. The dose volume histogram (DVH) band width (DVHBW) was adopted to quantify the plan robustness of the nominal plans for the perturbed scenarios in this study. For BCR, the dosimetric metrics except planning target volume (PTV) conformal index (CI) and ipsilateral lung V
5 were not statistically different for IMRT and VMAT plans. PTV CI of VMAT plans was better than that of IMRT plans (VMAT: 0.923 ± 0.024, IMRT: 0.855 ± 0.032, p = 0.003). The ipsilateral lung V
5 of VMAT plan was higher than that of IMRT plan (VMAT: 42.4% ± 2.8%, IMRT: 40.5% ± 4.0%, p = 0.045). The VMAT plans save more than 1.20 min compared to the IMRT plans (VMAT: 0.87 min, IMRT: 2.08 min, p < 0.001). The gamma passing rates of VMAT plans were better than those of IMRT plans (3 mm/3%, VMAT: 99.7% ± 0.2%, IMRT: 99.4% ± 0.4%, p < 0.001; 2 mm/2%, VMAT: 97.2% ± 1.0%, IMRT: 96.9% ± 0.6%, p = 0.108). For PRT, the dosimetric metrics of VMAT plans, including PTV D
mean, homogeneity index (HI), CI, and D
max of spinal cord, were significantly better than those of IMRT plans. The VMAT plans save more than 45% time compared with IMRT plans (VMAT: 1.54 min, IMRT: 2.81 min, p < 0.001). The difference in gamma passing rates between VMAT plans and IMRT plans was not statistically significant. For the plan robustness, the DVHBW of VMAT plans and IMRT plans for BCR were 2.09% ± 0.23% and 2.98% ± 0.40%, respectively (p < 0.05). For PRT, the DVHBW of VMAT plans was significantly better than those of IMRT plans (VMAT: 3.05% ± 0.26%, IMRT: 3.57% ± 0.27%, p < 0.05). The results show that the dosimetric metrics of VMAT plans were comparable to those of IMRT plans. More importantly, the VMAT plans had excited dose distribution and fast execution efficiency. The plan robustness of VMAT plans were superior.
Rechtspraxis in der Arbeitsvermittlung: Die Rolle des professionellen Selbstverständnisses von Fachkräften in der Arbeitsvermittlung von jungen Menschen
Authors: Schadow Sina , Hurler Sandrina
Published: May 2024

Viele Leistungen des SGB II und SGB III sind Ermessensleistungen. Zwar existieren ermessenslenkende Vorgaben durch die Ziele der Sozialgesetzbücher und Weisungen der Agentur für Arbeit, dennoch besteht ein nicht unerheblicher Entscheidungsspielraum für die Fachkräfte. Obwohl die Fachkräfte in der Arbeitsvermittlung Recht in die Praxis umsetzen, verfügen sie in der Regel nicht über eine langjährige juristische Ausbildung. Die teils widersprüchlichen Zielsetzungen in den Sozialgesetzbüchern können die konkrete Fallbearbeitung zusätzlich erschweren. Bisherige Untersuchung in der Arbeitsvermittlung stellen überdies eine heterogene Beratungspraxis der Fachkräfte fest. In diesem Beitrag wird untersucht, welche professionellen und persönlichen Orientierungen der Fachkräfte Einfluss auf die Entscheidungen bei der Gewährung oder Nicht-Gewährung von Leistungen bei jungen Klient:innen unter 25 Jahren nehmen. Es zeigt sich, dass die Interpretation der gesetzlichen Rahmenbedingungen eng mit dem professionellen Selbstverständnis der Fachkräfte verbunden ist. Dieses Selbstverständnis unterscheidet sich jedoch von Fachkraft zu Fachkraft, was zur Schaffung spezifischer Rechtswirklichkeiten führt. Der Beitrag diskutiert auf Basis dieser Ergebnisse, was das Prinzip der Ermessenleistung für den Zugang zu Recht einer besonders vulnerable Personengruppe bedeutet.
Finding and Developing the 21st Century Scientific Pioneer
Authors: Roberts Brent , Feist Gregory , Damian Rodica Ioana , Fabretti Rodrigo , Kuncel Nathan , Crawford Gregory , Crawford Cosima , Fehr Ernst
Published: May 2024

Research on the personality of creative scientists is revisited using the Neo-Socioanalytic model of personality psychology as an organizing framework. Past research shows that creative scientists, largely from the 20th century, were distinguished by high levels of openness to experience, dominance, ambition, intelligence, and low levels of agreeableness. Contradictory findings for environmental influences highlighted the potential importance of both supportive and adverse diversifying experiences. Developmental trends also run contrary to the likelihood of scientific creativity occurring later in life, which is consistent with the life span models of creativity. Based on this review, we highlight much needed updating to the basic science of scientific creativity, including the need to test these findings in populations other than older white men, and the testing of both environmental experiences and individual differences simultaneously. An agenda for identifying and developing the 21st century creative scientist is provided.
The Airport and the Zoo
Authors: Güttler Nils
Published: May 2024

This article focuses on the shared history of Frankfurt Zoological Garden and Airport, developing an infrastructural perspective on the rise of behavioral thinking in postwar environmental sciences. It shows that technical and logistical environments, such as seaports, airports, train stations, and highways, shaped the way environmental scientists and a broader public conceptualized animal behavior. Similar to ergonomics and human factor engineering in the 1950s and ’60s, human-made spaces and interiors became central reference points for developing and testing new ideas on the interaction between animals and “the environment.” Further, airports were sites of knowledge transfer between practitioners, including animal traders, care attendants, veterinarians, logistics experts, and scientists. The first part of the article draws on the works of biologist and Frankfurt’s Zoo director Bernhard Grzimek, who made excessive use of air cargo to ship wild animals to Frankfurt. The second part traces the emergence of new spaces for animals at Frankfurt Airport in the 1950s—such as the “animal room” in the cargo area. The third part of the article uncovers the hidden networks of animal traders and shipping companies that made Frankfurt Airport a major international hub in animal air cargo. Lastly, the article argues that hands-on experience of animal behavior, such as that conducted in airports like Frankfurt, is part of a broader pattern of environmental knowledge production in in the twentieth century—in close proximity to infrastructure projects.
La emancipación de la mujer en el siglo XIX: trabajo y educación en la narrativa de Fanny Garrido1
Authors: RICO ALONSO Sonia
Published: May 2024

La narrativa de la escritora coruñesa Fanny Garrido es muestra representativa de cómo el debate acerca de la emancipación de la mujer estaba en pleno auge en la segunda mitad del siglo xix. En este trabajo se pretende, por un lado, rescatar la obra de Garrido, desconocida para el público y, por otro, abordar cómo la ideología liberal de la autora, al respecto de la educación y el trabajo femeninos, penetra en sus dos novelas principales: Escaramuzas (1885) y La madre de Paco Pardo (1898), mediante el análisis exhaustivo y el apoyo en estudios sobre la situación de la mujer en esta época y en el pensamiento de algunas de sus coetáneas como Concepción Arenal.
Pathogenesis of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome needs further exploration
Authors: R Misra  , S Chandrashekara
Published: May 2024

Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APLAS) is an autoimmune thrombophilic condition with or without connective tissue diseases, most commonly systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)  manifested by vascular thrombosis or fetal wastage, associated with antiphospholipid antibodies (APLA). Variety of clinical features has been associated with antiphospholipid (APL) antibodies. Hughes and his team from Hammersmith Hospital, London, first described the syndrome in 1983 and they noted that the increase in anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) in a cohort of SLE patients was associated with vascular thrombosis, recurrent abortions, and thrombocytopenia.
La inclusión de valoraciones morales y conceptos indeterminados en el derecho positivo como mecanismo degradador de la autonomía privada (pensamiento jurídico critico en defensa de la autonomía privada)
Authors: Goncalves Do Espirito Santo Joaquim
Published: May 2024

El derecho positivo tradicionalmente se ha esforzado por ser objetivo y basado en reglas claras y precisas. La introducción de valoraciones morales y conceptos indeterminados puede aumentar la subjetividad, lo que podría dificultar la aplicación uniforme del derecho. La introducción de valoraciones morales y conceptos indeterminados conlleva la inclusión de elementos subjetivos que degradan la autonomía privada al dejar a la interpretación de los jueces ciertos aspectos, lo que podría conducir a arbitrariedades o discriminación. La introducción de valoraciones morales y conceptos indeterminados también puede generar incertidumbre jurídica, ya que la falta de definiciones precisas podría dificultar la predicción de las consecuencias legales de determinadas acciones. En conclusión, la inclusión de valoraciones morales y conceptos indeterminados en el derecho positivo tiene aspectos negativos en relación con la autonomía privada pues afecta los principios fundamentales de certeza y justicia. Por tanto, hoy en día constituye un pensamiento jurídico crítico, el defender el formalismo jurídico y evitar la degradación de la autonomía de la voluntad al impedir la inclusión de valoraciones morales y conceptos indeterminados en el derecho positivo. Pensamiento al cual nos acogemos y tratamos de explicar en este trabajo.
El problema de la legitimidad del control de constitucionalidad: posibilidades desde la interpretación habermasiana
Authors: Molina Montealegre Diego Mauricio
Published: May 2024

Uno de los debates de cada vez mayor importancia en el constitucionalismo colombiano es el de la legitimidad del control de constitucionalidad. No obstante, dicho debate ha sido mayormente desarrollado desde una perspectiva exclusivamente jurídica sin atender las implicaciones filosófico-políticas de esta. Por ello en el presente artículo se pretende dilucidar sus implicaciones desde la perspectiva filosófica de Habermas. Para ello el artículo en un primer momento buscará hacer un breve estado del arte sobre el debate en cuestión, retomando los principales argumentos que esbozan la ilegitimidad de dicho control basados en el principio de la objeción contra mayoritaria de Bickel y retomada por autores como Ely, los riesgos que conlleva dicho control para la establecimiento de un ‘gobierno de los jueces’ en los términos de Waldron; para luego analizar los principales argumentos de quienes defienden la legitimidad de dicho control, iniciando por la defensa de la racionalidad y necesidad de las democracias modernas de establecer precompromisos que aten las generaciones futuras y garanticen la estabilidad del proyecto político, de acuerdo a la perspectiva de Elster, así como la respuesta de Dworkin a las objeciones de los críticos del control de constitucionalidad. Finalmente, el artículo contrapone a dicho debate la perspectiva de Habermas, quien, a diferencia de los anteriores autores, no concibe una tensión inherente entre constitucionalismo y democracia o entre constitucionalismo y soberanía popular, reconfigurando la interpretación del problema desde su tesis de co-originalidad entre derechos y soberanía popular desde una perspectiva dialógica propia de la racionalidad comunicativa de carácter intersubjetivo.
Influence of Crepe Structure on Tensile Properties of Tissue Paper
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Agarwal Shubham , Srivastava Prabhat ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Green Sheldon I. ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Phani A. Srikantha ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of British Columbia
Published: May 2024

Tissue is a low-density paper product distinguished by a microscale crepe structure. We investigate the relationship between the macroscale tissue tensile response and crepe structure. We propose a parameter called the Crepe Index (CI) that can be measured from edge images of the creped sheet. Crepe Index correlates very well with the measured tensile failure strain (“stretch”), but its correlation with the measured initial elastic stiffness is unclear. A discrete elastoplastic model (DEM) is developed to explain the experimental results and understand the nonlinearity in the tensile curve. The model accounts for both material nonlinearity through a bilinear elastoplastic constitutive law for the sheet material, and the geometric nonlinearity arising from large deformations. The creped sheet is idealized as a triangular wave of prescribed wavelength and waveheight, with nonlinear bending and stretching effects. The model results show that the tensile response is governed by both the nonlinearity of the sheet material (fibre network) and crepe structure (geometry). The yielding in stretching and bending gives rise to an inflection in the tensile response. It is found that the initial stiffness depends not only on CI, but also on parameters such as sheet thickness to crepe-wavelength ratio, and stiffness of sheet material after creping. Thus, the variability in above parameters can be one of the reason for unclear correlation between measured initial stiffness and CI. For CI range of tested commercial tissues, both experiments and model show that stretch varies linearly with CI, with an almost unity slope and a positive intercept (i.e, stretch> CI). Thus, the overall stretch of creped tissue is a sum of CI and network stretching.
New Tools to Study Water Interactions of Microfibril Bundles: Molecular Modelling Based on Nanoscale Characterization
Authors:   VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Finland, Paajanen A. , Penttilä P. ,   Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Finland, Zitting A. ,   Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Finland, Ketoja J. A. ,   VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Finland
Published: May 2024

The picture of the smallest structural units of wood fibres, that is, cellulose microfibrils and their bundles, has become more accurate during the last couple of decades, when information gained from several experimental characterisations has been drawn together. This work has been supported by computational methods that allow one to test the behaviour of postulated structures on the nanometre scale, and thus help in interpreting the experimental data. Bound water is an essential component in these models, as it affects both the structural swelling and the mechanical properties of the fibre wall nanostructure. Moreover, mechanisms on this scale can be expected to drive similar properties of macroscopic fibres. We suggest that several large-scale problems in papermaking and converting could be approached with atomistic molecular dynamics simulations for varied chemical compositions and external conditions. We demonstrate this by first showing that simulated moisture diffusion rates agree with measured ones at room temperature, and then determine diffusion rates at elevated temperatures that lack reliable experimental data. These predictions provide key knowledge for further development of high-temperature drying and pressing processes. The results are important also when linking material performance at varied external conditions to the composition of the fibres.
Handling of forest fuel from a logistical point of view, - a critical scrutinizing
Authors: Wästerlund Iwan
Published: May 2024

Today there are too great losses in the forest fuel supply chain from the forest to the consumer. Although if 150MWh/ha can be collected after a clear cut, maybe only 55% of that is used for combustion. Better logistic is needed with better focus on upgrading at each node. With good packaging technique 65-75% may be reachable and with long tops maybe 5% more forest fuel can be delivered for combustion. On top there could also be a better fuel quality with packaging of the material giving better handling utility.
Evaluative mapping of the area irrigated by center pivot in Mozambique
Authors: Alface Ângelo Baptista , Armazia Hélio Do Rosário Luís
Published: May 2024

Knowledge of expansion, number; size and spatial distribution of center pivot irrigated areas may represent an important contribution to socio-economic and environmental studies of a given territory. In view of the above, this work aimed to understand the space-time dynamics of areas irrigated by central pivot in Mozambique using remote sensing. For this, images of Landsat satellites 5 and 8 were acquired respectively from the year 2000 to 2017. RGB images were generated for the discrimination of the targets. Based on the results, Mozambique has 200 central pivots. The province of Sofala has a larger number with 110 pivots followed by the province of Maputo with 49. The province of Niassa has a smaller number with 2 pivots. The central pivot irrigated area in Mozambique totals 14 685 ha and the average area irrigated by central pivot is approximately 80 ha.
Phosphorus calibration study under soil test based maize response in bedele district of oromia, west Ethiopia
Authors: Chimdessa Dagne
Published: May 2024

Periodic assessment of soil fertility status and plant nutrients requirement of a given area has vital role in enhancing crop production on sustainable basis. In view of this, on-farm study was carried out in Bedele district of Oromia. The aims of the study were to determine phosphorus critical level and requirement factor for phosphorus recommendation of hybrid maize (BH-660) variety for the district. The treatments of the experiments were four levels of phosphorus (0, 10, 20 and 40kg P/ha), and 92 kg N/ha were laid out in RCBD with two replications. Soil samples were collected from surface soil of the experimental plots (0-20cm depth)before and after planting for laboratory analysis of soil pH (H2O) and available P which is used to. determine phosphorus critical level and requirement factor The results of the study revealed that the soil reaction pH (H2O) were extremely acidic to strongly acidic ranged from 4.43 to 5.42, Very low available P from 1.82 to 4.78 ppm. The study also showed that phosphorus critical level (6ppm) and requirement factor (23.55) were determined for phosphorus recommendation for maize production in the area. The validity of phosphorus critical level was verified by conducting verification trials; accordingly, the economic evaluation showed that STBCRPR would yield 2.23 Ethiopian birr for every birr invested. Thus, farmers in the area might be advised to use soil test based crop response phosphorus recommendation to increase the productivity of maize.
The sources of water supply, sanitation facilities and hygiene practices in oil producing communities in central senatorial district of Bayelsa state, Nigeria
Authors: Morufu Olalekan Raimi , Tonye Vivien Odubo , Adedoyin O Omidiji , E Odipe Oluwaseun , Ekoja Owobi Ochayi
Published: May 2024

Background: It has been estimated that 100million Nigerians still lack basic sanitation facilities and 63 million also do not have access to portable drinking water and as many as 80% of all diseases worldwide are related to unsafe water as well as poor environmental hygiene. Most infectious, diseases are caused by living organisms, such as bacteria, viruses, or parasitic worms, and a disease is transmitted by the passing of these organisms from one person's body to another or through intermediate hosts. The World Bank reports that 30% of the total disease burden in developing countries results from contamination at the household level and that 75% of life years lost within this 30% are due to lack of good water supply and sanitation and the prevalence of risky hygiene behaviour. This study aimed to assess the sources of water supply, sanitation facilities and hygiene practices in oil producing communities in Central Senatorial District of Bayelsa State. Materials and method: The study designs adopted for this research work were quantitative analysis and descriptive research method. The study population covered all housing units in the randomly selected communities in the central senatorial district of Bayelsa state. The 400 sample size for housing units was determined using the Taro Yamane formula, and systematic sampling method was used with a sampling interval of three. A 26-item administered closed-ended structured questionnaire was used. Data was collected from 296 out of 400 questionnaires and analysed using descriptive statistics with frequency counts and simple percentages using SPSS. Results: The result identified multiple sources of water supply which includes rain, river/stream, pipe borne, borehole and hand-dug well with borehole being the major source (91%). The major toilet facility used was the flush toilet (45%) and majority of residents clean their toilet once weekly (60%), however, about half of the residents (51%) practice unsafe excreta disposal. Hygiene practices such as bathing occurred among all resident at least once daily and hand washing was frequent after toilet visit (73%) but not before eating (35%). Conclusion: Water supply was seen to be relatively adequate, but its quality was poor, necessitating treatment. Unsafe excreta disposal is still widely practiced. Critical hand washing practice was still poor amongst residents. The State and Local Government including Oil companies in oil producing communities in Central Senatorial District should provide adequate portable water and sanitation facilities in public places with hygiene enlightenment campaign.
Survey of Preeclampsia/Eclampsia in relation to maternal mortality at a tertiary hospital in Gambia
Authors: Anyanwu Matthew , K Suwareh , K Senghore , R Bah , M Jack , M Jatta , K Touray , J Jallow , A Sumbunu , R Drammeh , I Jorbateh , I Sonko
Published: May 2024

Obstetrics haemorrhage was the leading cause of maternal death for over 3 decades but since 2020s we have observed that preeclampsia/eclampsia cases are increasing. This survey aims to reveal the magnitude of preeclampsia in relation to maternal mortality in our setting. Methodology: A retrospective study was conducted at the Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital from January to December 2022. Maternal annual audit report was used to extract specific data which was entered into a computer database and analysed with descriptive statistics. Results: Total maternities from Jan to Dec 2022 was 2893 deliveries. Total number of recorded Preeclampsia/Eclampsia was 427. The prevalence was 427/2893 (14.8%). There were 54 pregnancy related deaths, Preeclampsia/Eclampsia was 24 (44%); Haemorrhage 12 (22.2%); Sepsis 7 (12.9%). All Preeclampsia/Eclampsia related deaths were referred. Conclusion: The menace of preeclampsia/Eclampsia is overwhelming and has maintained the leading cause of maternal mortality in Gambia. Hence measures to predict this condition is highly needed.
Spontaneous pneumomediastinum, presentation of three clinical cases
Authors: Vázquez Pérez L.A. , de los Ángeles Pérez Marrero C.
Published: May 2024

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is an underdiagnosed pathology, a process with no apparent demonstrable cause and almost always characterized by chest pain, dyspnea and subcutaneous emphysema on physical examination, it is diagnosed by chest radiography or thoracic computed tomography, with a favorable evolution in the vast majority of patients.
Three cases of spontaneous pneumomediastinum diagnosed at the Vithas 9 de Octubre hospital in Valencia, Spain, are presented. All were young patients who came to the emergency department seeking a second medical opinion. These cases had an atypical presentation, the main symptoms were cervicalgia, dysphonia and odynophagia caused by retropharyngeal emphysema secondary to pneumomediastinum. Lateral cervical radiography was essential to make the diagnosis, which was corroborated with chest computed tomography. In all cases the evolution was good after a few days in the thoracic surgery department of the hospital.
Eduardo García Solá (1845-1922). Professor, researcher, academic and rector
Authors: Girón Irueste F.M. , Guirao Piñeyro M. , Girón Pascual R.M.
Published: May 2024

Eduardo García Solá was an important character at the University of Granada who has been studied by various authors. He was the first professor of Histology and Pathological Anatomy. In this paper we deal with some lesser-known facets, such as: his microbiology work, his membership of the Royal Academy of Medicine, of which he was president, and his work at the head of the University of Granada at the beginning of the 20th century.
Facilitating acquisition of English sound linking with script-enhanced shadowing
Authors: Huynh Sang , Van Loi Nguyen
Published: May 2024

This experimental study aimed to explore the effects of script-enhanced shadowing on consonant-vowel linking acquisition among EFL learners. Two groups of twenty-four Vietnamese EFL learners volunteered to participate in the study, with twelve for the experimental group (EG) and twelve for the comparison group (CG). While the EG was instructed to shadow the linking with an enhanced script, the CG used script shadowing to practise phoneme linking. Both were conducted online via Google Meet. A pre-test and a post-test were employed to collect quantitative data on the learners’ recognition and production of linking. Furthermore, semi-structured interviews were employed to explore their perceptions towards issues associated with shadowing online to explain the effects. Findings showed that script-enhanced shadowing outweighed script shadowing in effect on the learners’ perception of consonant-vowel linking. For production, the EG gained an improvement while the CG remained unchanged. But group comparison revealed no statistically significant difference in terms of this aspect. The results offer useful implications for using shadowing to facilitate the acquisition of phonological features and future research that employs script enhancement for shadowing.
Fortified Wheat-Rye Bread: Investigating the Impact of Processing Purple Potatoes “Vitelotte” on Physicochemical and Sensory Attributes
Authors: Wilk Marta , Bartczak Marcelina , Kaim Urszula
Published: May 2024

Cereal products, including bread, are significant in global consumption, confirmed by their enduring presence in human diet. However, commonly consumed refined flour bread contains only small amounts of essential nutrients and bioactive compounds necessary for optimal health. The study aimed to investigate the influence of the method of processing purple potatoes used as an addition to sourdough wheat-rye bread on its physicochemical properties. This study investigated the incorporation of purple potatoes into wheat-rye bread using three distinct processing methods: boiling, baking and raw (C, B, and R). Polyphenol content, crumb colour analysis, acidity determination, salt and sugar content quantification, porosity evaluation, moisture content determination, and bread volume were measured, and organoleptic assessment was also conducted. The highest content of polyphenolic compounds in bread (207.45 mg GAE/100 g of bread) was obtained by using roasted purple potatoes as an additive. The bread had suitable physicochemical parameters and was classified in the first group of bread quality in the organoleptic tests. The results highlighted the importance of potato incorporation in bread formulations, affecting both quality and nutritional attributes, thus offering promising avenues for developing functional foods.
Zadania edukacji międzykulturowej w kontekście wojny w Ukrainie
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Nikitorowicz Jerzy
Published: May 2024

The war in Ukraine initiated by the Russians makes one aware every day of the destruction of ideas and principles of peaceful problem solving developed over the years, and of the paradigm of cultural coexistence created in intercultural education. The aim of the article is to point out the need to undertake new tasks through intercultural education in the face of the ongoing war in Ukraine. Shaping a culture of peace, “making peace” has now become the leading task of intercultural education. The text points to the task of building on “good memory” as an opportunity and possibility of dealing with “bad memory”, the emancipation of national memories, the revitalization of heterology – the science of the Other, intercultural competences, the elimination of stereotypes and prejudices, one-sided negative and aggressive propaganda, etc. The article emphasizes the responsibility of intercultural education for creating the principles of democracy, revitalizing values symbolizing the common history with Ukraine, cooperation and collaboration in the process of functioning in European culture.
Polaryzacja: polemika z artykułem „Fanatyzm jako problem wychowawczy”
Authors:   Uniwersytet Gdański, Kowzan Piotr
Published: May 2024

The criticism of the article “Fanaticism as an Educational Problem” focuses on the selective treatment of fanaticism symptoms, ignoring the role of political polarization and age in analysing this phenomenon. Gałkowski and Gałkowski’s article (2023) presents a valuable proposal for a minimal educational program, but it requires considering a broader social, cultural, and individual context in diagnosing fanaticism and applying effective tools to counteract this phenomenon. The starting point of the debate is the observation that fanaticism remains a negatively perceived label that excludes individuals or social groups, hence the need for clarification on how cultural diversity and intercultural communication can contribute to it. Fanaticism is associated with an existential crisis, but there are also specific developmental phenomena in children that can be mistaken for fanaticism. Literary works can help in understanding this phenomenon. The proposed examples indicate that fanaticism is primarily a group phenomenon characterized by action rather than solely an attitude to the truth. In preventing and dismantling fanaticism, it is important to consider emotions related to uncertainty and develop skills to cope with it. Finding effective alternatives to psychoactive substances in emotional regulation and violence prevention poses a challenge. Fanaticism can be present in the inertia of customs and can be recognized by sensitive young people in society’s reactions to demands for social change. The situation of individuals expelled at the Polish-Belarusian border highlights the difference between uncompromising commitment and fanaticism. Human rights should be respected without exceptions, and the willingness to accept external judgment distinguishes activists from fanatics. Building relationships free from fanaticism in communities, especially in the case of refugees, requires considering the atmosphere and pedagogy of the place, which play a crucial role in combating fanaticism.
Economic impacts of regulatory decisions on reit dividend distribution
Authors: Schultz Sandra Mara , Oliveira Meire Elen , Santos Odilanei Morais dos , Maria Selma Costa
Published: May 2024

Real estate investment trusts (REITs) have recently gained prominence in the capital market. From an accounting point of view, the Maxi Renda Trust (MXRF11) has been the subject of recent discussions and contradictory decisions within the scope of the Brazilian Securities and Exchange Commission (CVM) regarding the calculation basis for the dividend distribution. In this context, we sought to investigate the economic impacts of fair value measurement under the framework of CVM’s decisions in the Maxi Renda Trust and to verify how the theory of regulation can explain regulatory body decisions. The trust income for the period from 2015 to 2021 was restated based on the cash basis, used by the trust, and the accrual method, determined by the CVM, in order to identify differences in the amount of income that would be distributed with the change in the methodology issued by the regulatory agency. Also, an analysis of CVM’s decisions and the trust’s administrator’s arguments was also conducted, to identify elements that could be correlated with the regulatory body’s performance under the aspects of the theory of regulation. As a result, it was demonstrated that there is an economic impact on the minimum income calculated to be distributed by the trust between the two methodologies (cash and accrual), with smaller amounts for distribution considering the accrual basis, which exclude revenues and expenses that do not transit through cash, as is the case of fair value measurement. CVM’s decisions may have resonance in the public interest theory so that the regulatory body’s performance was aimed at protecting the investor, even though it may have suffered pressures exerted by interest groups or even captured by the regulated parties since it changed the initial understanding of the case. Besides the theoretical contribution, with the possibility of expanding studies on the applicability of accounting standards related to the measurement of fair value in investment trusts and their economic impacts, the study applied to the Maxi Renda Trust provides a better understanding of the topic to subsidize investors regarding decision making on investments in this type of trust.
The effect of sublethal doses of flupyradifurone on the life table and esterase enzyme of Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
Authors: Gürbüz Nazlı , Berber Tortop Gizem , Birgücü Ali Kemal , Yorulmaz Sibel
Published: May 2024

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of two different sublethal doses (LC10 and LC30) of flupyradifurone on the life table and esterase enzyme of Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) (Hemiptera: Aphididae). The experiments were conducted in 2022 in Isparta University of Applied Sciences laboratory and climate rooms in 2022 as 1 control + 2 sublethal doses. For the life table, control, LC10 and LC30 doses were established as 30, 25 and 30 replications, respectively. Female and total lifespan of M. persicae adults exposed to LC10 concentrations of flupyradifurone were significantly shortened. Daily and total numbers of the offsprings decreased at both LC10 and LC30 concentrations. Furthermore, these negative effects on the aphid were revealed as a lower intrinsic rate of increase (r), net reproductive rate (R0), finite rate of increase (λ) and fecundity (F). Based on the obtained data, flupyradifurone seems to suppress the population growth of M. persicae. It was determined that esterase enzyme activity involved in pesticide detoxification did not change in populations exposed to two different sublethal doses of flupyradifurone and unexposed (control). It is thought that this study facilitates the understanding of the lethal and sublethal effects of flupyradifurone on aphid performance.
Age and Depositional Environment of the Sandstone Unit of Ciletuh Formation in Ciletuh-Palabuhanratu Geopark
Authors: Winantris Winantris , Rosana Mega Fatimah , Sena Katon
Published: May 2024

Sandstones form part of the Cenozoic Ciletuh Formation which is widely exposed in The Ciletuh Palabuhanratu Geopark, Indonesia. This study aims to establish the age of these sandstone units, and to evaluate their depositional environment based on palynological data. Five samples from Ciletuh sandstones were collected for palynomorph analysis. Exposed sections were measured and sampled to determine the stratigraphic position, with palynomorphs being separated from the sediment using acetolysis. Cluster analysis was applied to the resultant palynomorph assemblages and interpreted using plant association model, which refered to the depositional environment of different taxa. Two distinct clusters were identified, characterized by different environmental markers. The first cluster is dominated by Proxapertites operculatus and Proxapertites cursus, while the second cluster is dominated by Podocarpus pollen. While the Proxapertites cluster includes Dicolpopollis kalewensis, Palmaepollenites kutchensis, foraminiferal test linings, dinoflagellates cysts, plant debris, deposited in the marine environment. The Podocarpus cluster consists of Podocarpus pollen, plant debris, foraminiferal test linings, and dinoflagellate cysts, that was deposited in a more distal marine environment. All samples were deposited during the end of Middle Eocene (E6-zone), as defined by the age markers of Proxapertites. cursus, P. operculatus, Restioniidites punctulatus, and Podocarpus pollen.
Seismicity Pattern of the Great Sumatran Fault System from Hypocenter Relocation of Regional Seismic Network
Authors: Putra Ade Surya , Nugraha Andri Dian , Sahara David Prambudi , Zulfakriza Zulfakriza , Puspito Antonius Nanang Tyasbudi , Muttaqy Faiz , Supendi Pepen , Daryono Daryono
Published: May 2024

The seismicity pattern along the Great Sumatran Fault (GSF) was analyzed during April 2009 - December 2017 period with magnitude of >3.0 and depth of < 30 km. Of 752 preliminary absolute locations, 695 were successfully relocated using double-difference method to provide an improved view of seismicity, sharpening locations and interpretations of seismogenic features throughout the region. The relocation results depict a pattern of significant increase on small to intermediate earthquakes occurring in a shallow part of northern Sumatra, i.e. the Aceh and Seulimeum segments, as well as in central Sumatra, i.e. the Toru and Barumun. This increase was interpreted due to indications of creeping that reduce or prevent stress build-up on these segments. Meanwhile, few segments, i.e. the Tripa segment in the northern part, then Suliti and Siulak segments in the central part, and Manna segment in the southern part of Sumatra show the least activities over the period. These segments were identified as lock asperity, which caused accumulating stress that could be released as an earthquake. The behaviour of these locking segments can be related to the seismic gap along the GSF which has not experienced major earthquakes (M>7) since 2000, making the densely populated area around these segments potentially have a great seismic hazard in the future.
Pacific-Gondwana Permo-Triassic Orogenic Belt with Lesser Overprinted Cenozoic Deformation, Eastern Bird Head Peninsula, West Papua, Indonesia
Authors: Saputra Sukahar Eka Adi , Fergusson Christopher L.
Published: May 2024

The Paleozoic to Early Mesozoic Pacific-facing active margin of East Gondwana has been shown to extend into the Kemum Block of northern Bird Head Peninsula (western New Guinea), and was associated with Mid Paleozoic orogenic deformation and Devonian to Triassic silicic magmatism and foreland basin deposition. In the Mawi Bay area of the eastern Bird Head Peninsula, the (?) Permian Mawi Complex is a multiply-deformed unit with a pre-Late Triassic D1 deformation formed in an Andean back-arc setting associated with active margin tectonism. The D1 deformation is characterized by recumbent, isoclinal to tight, north-northeast facing folds with an axial planar S1 cleavage formed at a low metamorphic grade, and predated the unconformably overlying Upper Triassic - Middle Jurassic Tipuma Formation. South of the Mawi Complex, the Mesozoic-Paleogene succession of the northern Lengguru Fold Belt is affected by north-northwest trending folds, cleavage, and most of the succession dips moderately to gently to the west-southwest. This deformation is reflected in the underlying Mawi Complex by northwest-trending D2 structures that have folded the D1 folds, and have steeply inclined open to gentle folds, some polyclinal folds, and fault-related folds. The structures in the northern Lengguru Fold Belt may have influenced The Pliocene to Quaternary Central Bird Head Monocline associated with the Kemum Block uplifting in the northern Bird Head Peninsula
Aliphatic Biomarker Signatures of Crude Oil from Tarakan Subbasin, Tarakan Basin, North Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Zetra Yulfi , Burhan R.Y. Perry , Fitriyyah Maulida , Nugrahaeni Zjahra Vianita
Published: May 2024

Organic geochemical studies of crude oil from Pamusian Field, Tarakan Subbasin, Tarakan Basin, North Kalimantan, have been done. Biomarker aliphatic hydrocarbon fractions were identified using a combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC - MS). Identified biomarkers consist of n-alkane groups, isoprenoids, bicyclic sesquiterpenoids, and pentacyclic triterpenoids. The most abundant aliphatic hydrocarbon biomarker is pristane followed by n-C19. The existence of n-alkanes shows a homologous (n-C16- n-C30) with a unimodal distribution type. The abundance of n-C19 is higher than other n-alkanes, supported by LHCPI value of 2.03, as an indicator of organic matter derived from microbial organisms. The amount of long chain n-alkanes (n-C25- n-C30) is almost the same as medium chain n-alkanes (n-C19 - n-C24) indicating the source of organic compounds is not only from microbial organisms, but also from terrestrial higher plants. The presence of 8β (H)-drimane compounds together with homodrimane shows the presence of bacterial input on the formation of oil from organic compounds. Ratio of Pr/Ph is 3.76, ratio of drimane/homodrimane is 1.058, ratio of Pr/n-C17 is 34.41, and ratio of Ph/n-C18 is 16.02 indicating the source of organic compounds came from terrestrial higher plants deposited in the oxic environment, and disposed to increase biodegradation. The CPI value is 0.95, and the highest amount of 17α (H), 21β (H)-hopane compounds suggest that Tarakan Subbasin oil was mature, and the source of organic compounds was derived from bacteria
Keywords: Tarakan Basin, organic geochemistry, aliphatic hydrocarbon fraction, CPI
aplicação da hibridez no ensino superior brasileiro:
Authors: De Almeida Rabelo Viegas Cláudia Mara , De Freitas Silva Alessandra Mara , Campos Denise Aparecida
Published: May 2024

A crise educacional gerada pela Pandemia de covid-19 desencadeou uma transformação drástica na educação, impondo a migração do ensino presencial para o remoto, circunstância que fortaleceu as modalidades de Educação a Distância - EAD e híbridas, no Brasil. A pandemia se arrefeceu; contudo, a educação híbrida se consolidou, sendo temática do Parecer CNE/CP nº 14/2022, do Conselho Nacional de Educação e da Portaria nº 315, de 30/12/2022. Diante desse contexto, por meio de técnica dedutiva e revisão bibliográfica, pretende-se abordar a aplicação da educação híbrida no ensino superior brasileiro, sob a perspectiva de ser uma efetiva proposta pedagógica, que facilita o acesso ao conhecimento, valoriza a autonomia e protagonismo do estudante, a mentoria do docente e otimiza o uso das tecnologias. Além disso, demonstrar-se-á a diferença entre a Educação a Distância e Híbrida, abordando que a ausência de limite regulatório de hibridez no currículo presencial do ensino superior, sobretudo, considerando os argumentos citados no Parecer CNE/CP nº 14/2022.
Issues of Improving the Legal Regulation of Elections in the Russian Federation: The Opinion of the Scientist and the Practitioner
Authors: Gribunov Oleg
Published: May 2024

Among the many areas of scientific research, there are those where there are very few scientists who are substantively engaged in the study of relevant problems. These areas include the institution of elections within the framework of the science of electoral law. One of the few scientists in Russia who has been studying this issue substantively and consistently for more than 25 years is the Honored Lawyer of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Law, Professor Victor Vasilyevich Ignatenko, who celebrated his 65th birthday on February 26, 2024. And even while working in the legislative and executive authorities of the Irkutsk region, as well as being the head of the Election Commission of the Irkutsk region and the Commissioner for Human Rights in the Irkutsk region, Victor Vasilyevich did not leave science and teaching for a minute, as evidenced by his publication activity and the number of students. His enormous managerial experience, reverent attitude to the issues of legal regulation of the spheres of his professional activity allows him to highlight certain issues of law enforcement practice on topical issues of electoral law at a high level.
Artificial Intelligence as a Participant in Modern Legal Relations
Authors: Savelyeva Maria
Published: May 2024

The practice of legal regulation is currently carried out in an environment determined by new technologies. The use of artificial intelligence in various spheres of life and the rapid technological development of society requires an understanding of the role of artificial intelligence in regulating human relations and an assessment of the need to determine its legal status. Science is faced with a new paradigm and jurisprudence is on the verge of a scientific revolution, since new technologies do not fi t into the pre-existing tenets of legal science. At present, the unification of the natural sciences and the humanities can be carried out on the basis of the principles of global evolutionism, which are immanently included in the objective study of self-developing objects. Associating the development of these objects with the problems of the place of man, taking into account the involvement of man in the functioning of the vast majority of developing systems mastered by human activity brings new scientific knowledge and a new humanistic meaning. The article attempts to define the concept of “artificial intelligence”, its essence, and identify its features in a legal context; the possibilities for the participation of artificial intelligence in legal relations (primarily related to intellectual law) have been identified. The results of the analysis of the decisions of the courts of case law countries on conflicts in the field of intellectual law using artificial intelligence are presented. In the article, based on comparativism, using epistemological constructivism and an activity approach, organically connected with the vision of the world as intercomplex self-developing systems, it is assumed to turn artificial condition of objective knowledge into a natural one. A number of observations on the interpretation of legal texts by law enforcement officials is offered.