bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Blockchain Technology to the International Trade and Customs Regulation
Authors: Gürcan Bedrettin
Published: March 2022

Blockchain is a technology, which has several advantages to be used in quite wide areas such as payment solutions to transportation. Using blockchain technology in international trade may have impressive promises and potentials.
In our research, we aim to discuss the potential and existing implementation of blockchain technology into international trade and customs practices. It is important to make comprehensive due diligence of the blockchain technology to determine which functions of the blockchain technology can be implemented in the international trade environment.
In this paper, we put forward to claim that blockchain can be implemented into customs procedures for faster and more secure trade. To understand underlying concept, first we will summary existing regulative framework of the international trade and customs and then the following of blockchain in brief, we illustrate potential ways to implement blockchain into custom procedures. We will use literature review and quantitative research in order to support our claim and analyse relevant international practice of using blockchain on customs.
How is ICT Shaping the Economic Landscape in Transitional Bangladesh?
Authors: Sheikh Mosa Shrabony , Hossain A N M Zakir
Published: March 2022

Information communication technology (ICT) has a significant impact on the national economy of Bangladesh. Nowadays, people recognize ICT as a critical driver for the governance and economy of Bangladesh. Though ICT is crucial in representative and democratic governance, it also persuades significantly in the business and service sector of Bangladesh. The present study focuses on the nexus between ICT and the economy, which shaped the economic governance landscape in transitional Bangladesh. The study endeavors to answer the questions on how ICT is triggering the economy and economic governance and how it indicates the future role of ICT in management and development. The study followed the content analysis method and was primarily based on secondary data sources to reach the inferences. The results found ICT a comprehensive platform that includes the different stakeholders and emphasized the trade-off between them and the national economy. It is also found that ICT helps the government identify the synchronized ideas of various stakeholders that coordinate their actions and produce services for home and abroad. The study concludes by arguing for the management of ICT and wrapping of multidimensional data, and it could likely boost the economy and incentives required for the government to act in support of governance in the future.
Distribusi Dosis Radiasi Foton pada Treatment Planning System Menggunakan Teknik 3DCRTdan IMRT untuk Terapi Kanker Serviks
Authors: Effina Anggi , Milvita Dian , Ilyas Muhammad
Published: March 2022

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai distribusi dosis radiasi foton pada Treatment Planning System Â (TPS) menggunakan teknik Three Dimension Conformal Radiotherapy (3DCRT) dan Intensity Modulation Radiotherapy Â (IMRT) untuk terapi kanker serviks, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui distribusi dosis yang mencangkup Planning Target Volume Â (PTV) ) Cakupan Â melalui Conformity Index Â (CI) dan Homogeneity Index Â (HI) serta Normal Tissue to Integral Dose Â (NTID) jaringan di luar target kanker berdasarkan grafik Dose Volume Histogram Â (DVH) yang tidak melebihi batas Organ at RiskÂ (DAYUNG). Analisis data dilakukan pada hasil grafik DVH yang didapatkan dari TPS. Distribusi dosis didapatkan berupa nilai CI dan HI yang tidak melebihi 1, kemudian pada Jaringan normal di luar didapatkan nilai NTID melingkupi nilai PTV, Rectum , Â Bledder , Bowel , Femoral Head , hasil yang diperoleh tidak melebihi standar yang ditetapkan oleh ICRU Report 62 dan Laporan ICRU 83.
Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Nanokomposit Fe3O4@PEG:ZnO
Authors: Veronica Yessi , Astuti Astuti , Alfitri Usna Sri Rahayu
Published: March 2022

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang sintesis dan karakterisasi sifat optik pada nanokomposit Fe3O4@PEG:ZnO. Sampel yang digunakan adalah Fe3O4, Fe3O4@ZnO (1:1), Fe3O4@ZnO (1:2), Fe3O4@PEG:ZnO (1:2), dan Fe3O4@PEG:ZnO (1:3). Metode yang digunakan untuk sintesis nanokomposit adalah metode presipitasi. Nanokomposit dikarakterisasi dengan menggunakan X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infra (FTIR), UV-Vis Spectrometry, dan Particle Size Analyzer (PSA). Hasil karakterisasi XRD pada sampel dengan variasi Fe3O4, Fe3O4@ZnO 1:1, Fe3O4@ZnO 1:2, dan Fe3O4@PEG:ZnO 1:3 menunjukkan struktur besi oksida berturut-turut adalah cubic, monoclinic, rhombohedral, dan cubic. Sedangkan struktur ZnO untuk sampel dengan variasi Fe3O4@ZnO 1:1, Fe3O4@ZnO 1:2, dan Fe3O4@PEG:ZnO 1:3Â  adalah hexagonal.Â  Ukuran kristal yang diperoleh pada Fe3O4, Fe3O4@ZnO (1:1), Fe3O4@ZnO (1:2), dan Fe3O4@PEG:ZnO (1:3)Â  berturut-turut sebesar 14,54 nm; 14,59 nm; 2,91 nm; dan 2,91 nm. Hasil karakterisasi sifat optik menunjukkan bahwa energi gap Fe3O4, Fe3O4@ZnO (1:1), Fe3O4@PEG:ZnO (1:2), dan Fe3O4@PEG:ZnO (1:3)Â  berturut-turut sebesar 2,06 eV; 2,56 eV; 3,17 eV; dan 2,25 eV. Pada pengujian FTIR terdapat ikatan O-H yang menunjukkan adanya serapan molekul air pada permukaan Fe3O4, ikatan C-O dan C-C menunjukkan terbentuknya PEG, dan ikatan Zn-O menunjukkan terbentuknya ZnO. Distribusi ukuran partikel Fe3O4@PEG:ZnO (1:2) yaitu pada rentang 0,246 Î¼m (246 nm) hingga 0,030 Î¼m (30 nm), dengan distribusi ukuran partikel terbanyak 0,030 Î¼m (30 nm).
Distribusi Dosis Radiasi dari Penggabungan Lapangan Foton dan Elektron Berdasarkan Grafik Dose Volume Histogram (DVH) pada Terapi Kanker Payudara
Authors: Liasari Ike Putri , Milvita Dian , Diyona Fiqi
Published: March 2022

Telah dilakukan distribusi dosis radiasi dari penggabungan lapangan foton dan lapangan elektron berdasarkan grafik Dose Volume Histogram (DVH) pada terapi kanker payudara. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jarak antara lapangan foton dan lapangan elektron terhadap distribusi dosis radiasi. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan memvariasikan Source Surface Distance (SSD) dan jarak antara lapangan foton dan elektron. SSD yang digunakan yaitu 97,5 cm; 100 cm dan 102,5 cm dengan variasi jarak untuk setiap SSD mulai dari 0 cm; 0,3 cm; 0,6 cm dan 1 cm. Analisis data dilakukan pada hasil grafik DVH yang didapatkan dari Treatment Planning System (TPS). Distribusi dosis radiasi yang diperoleh tidak menunjukkan pengaruh dari jarak antar lapangan foton dan elektron. Nilai dosis maksimum yang diperoleh melebihi standar dosis maksimum yang ditetapkan oleh ICRU Report 62.
Kajian Suseptibilitas Magnetik Tanah Sebagai Indikator Longsor di Gunung Nago, Padang
Authors: Felita Gina , Afdal Afdal , Marzuki Marzuki
Published: March 2022

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai analisis nilai suseptibilitas magnetik tanah daerah potensi longsor di kawasan Gunung Nago. Sampel tanah diambil pada empat lintasan yaitu lintasan A, B, C dan D dengan jarak antar lintasan 5 m yang terdiri dari 10 titik sampel, sehingga membentuk grid yang terdiri dari 40 titik sampel untuk tiap kedalaman. Sampel diambil dengan variasi kedalaman 25, 50 dan 100 cm sehingga dihasilkan 120 sampel tanah. Pengukuran suseptibilitas magnetik menggunakan MS2B Bartington Susceptibility Meter dengan dua frekuensi, yaitu frekuensi rendah (0,47 kHz) dan frekuensi tinggi (4,7 kHz). Hasil pengukuran Ï‡FD (%) menunjukkan nilai berkisar antara 0,72% hingga 10,26%. Berdasarkan nilai suseptibilitas magnetik bergantung frekuensi Ï‡FD (%) lokasi penelitian memiliki kandungan bulir superparamagnetik yang rendah (kurang dari 10%) sehingga tanah daerah penelitian tersebut lebih kesulitan untuk menyerap air dan menjadikan area ini sulit terjadi longsor. Area kedalaman 25 cm memiliki nilai rata-rata Ï‡FD (%) sebesar 1,87% - 4,5% dan diperkirakan area kedalaman 25 cm memiliki kecenderungan rendah mengalami longsor. Sementara, area kedalaman 50 cm memiliki nilai rata-rata Ï‡FD (%) lebih rendah sebesar 1,64% - 5,19% dan diperkirakan kedalaman ini memiliki kecenderungan lebih rendah untuk terjadinya longsor.
Menemukan Prinsip Etika Lingkungan Hidup di Hutan Larangan Pahewan Hulu, Desa Bawan
Authors: . Yuliana
Published: March 2022

The ecological crisis is a serious environmental problem today. Solutions are sought to overcome these problems. Dialogue to find solutions from the government continues, while indigenous peoples have implemented ways to manage nature carefully to prevent environmental problems. Indigenous peoples have long practiced ways to protect nature, through the attitude of managing nature (forests, rivers, etc.) carefully. This attitude is known as ethics towards nature, or environmental ethics. By using a qualitative research method with a constructivist approach, the purpose of this paper is to examine the attitude of the indigenous people of Bawan Village in the form of Pawan Huluk local wisdom. Pawan Huluk is a forbidden forest, a forest whose existence is respected by the indigenous people of Bawan Village. The respectful attitude of the Bawan Village community towards the forest is a form of environmental ethics.
Una nueva especie de Aleuropleurocelus Drews y Sampson (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) en pasto de México
Authors: Sánchez-Flores Oscar Angel , Carapia-Ruiz Vicente Emilio , Castillo-Gutiérrez Antonio
Published: March 2022

Una nueva especie de mosca blanca, Aleuropleurocelus popocatepetl Carapia-Ruizy Sánchez-Flores sp. nov., se describe del Estado de Morelos, México. Se recolectó sobre lashojas de la gramínea Dichanthelium dichotomum (L.) Gould (Poaceae) en Ocuituco, Morelos.Se incluyen microfotografías de las estructuras morfológicas de los puparios. Se discuten lasdiferencias con especies cercanas.
Rural-Urban Differentials in Levels and Correlatesof Financial Inclusion Among Nigerian Women Aged 18to 49
Authors:   Demography and Population Studies Programme, Schools of Public Health and Social Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa, Adewoyin Yemi , Nwosu Ijeoma Gladys ,   Department of Geography, Faculty of the Social Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nigeria, Ossai Onyinyechi Gift ,   Department of Geography, Faculty of the Social Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nigeria, Onuh Juliana ,   Department of Geography, Faculty of the Social Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nigeria
Published: March 2022

Globally, there is a gap in financial inclusion between men and women. Bridging this gap is imperative considering the impact of women’s financial inclusion on poverty eradication, household socioeconomic development, and attainment of related Sustainable Development Goals. Inline with the Nigerian government’s efforts at scaling up financial inclusion and bridging the gender gap, this study assessed the level of women’s financial inclusion in Nigeria. It hypothesized that correlates vary between urban and rural Nigeria. Data from 36,601 women aged 18 to 49 were extracted from the 2018 Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey. The data were analyzed at univariate, bivariate, and multivariate levels. Results show the prevalence of women's financial inclusion at 20.7%, 18.5%,and 22.2% at the national, urban, and rural levels, respectively. Women without education, whose husbands also had no education, and the poor were more financially included in rural areas but least in urban areas (p< 0.05). Education, wealth, and religion were significant correlates of financial inclusion in rural areas (p< 0.05), but not in urban areas. Therefore, strategies to scale women’s financial inclusion should be cognizant of the rural-urban differentials.
Direct and Indirect Income Support and Their Determinants: Developing an Income Profile for Older Adults in Sri Lanka
Authors:   Department of Decision Sciences, University of Moratuwa, Katubedda, Sri Lanka, Shyama Chandhi , de Silva Tiloka ,   Department of Decision Sciences, University of Moratuwa, Katubedda, Sri Lanka
Published: March 2022

Given the rapid increase in population aging and older population dependency rates, a sound understanding of old-age income support systems is vital for formulating effective policy responses. This research studies old-age income sources to develop an income profile for older adults in Sri Lanka, measuring direct and indirect income sources using nationally representative survey data from Household Income and Expenditure Surveys 1995/1996 and 2016. In the absence of direct information on intergenerational transfers, we investigate the material support older adults receive from their families, an essential source of income in many developing countries. We found that while indirect income support, cash transfers, and employment are vital sources of old-age income, there have been significant changes in the composition of old-age income over time. Indirect income support is becoming less important, and income from employment and formal cash transfers is becoming more prominent. These results highlight potential avenues to improve the economic well-being of older adults, such as increasing the mandatory retirement age and taking measures to provide decent employment opportunities for older adults while also expanding pension coverage to all types of workers and access to social security for vulnerable groups such as women or the poor.
Fertility Intentions Among High-Parity Women in Nigeria: How Satisfying Are Four Living Children?
Authors:   Department of Sociology, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Nigeria, Olaseinde Olugbenga Sunday , Owagbemi Olusola Gabriel ,   Department of Sociology, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Nigeria, Aruna Justina Olufunke ,   Department of Sociology, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Nigeria, Bolorunduro Miracle-Eunice ,   Department of Sociology, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Nigeria
Published: March 2022

The efforts at reducing Nigerian rapid population growth are anchored in strategies to achieve fertility decline. These approaches have yielded negligible impact as fertility preference remains high among most Nigerian women of reproductive age who are still giving birth to more than an average of four children previously recommended by a national policy. Studies have focused on fertility preference among various groups of childbearing women, but knowledge of the issue among high-parity women needs to be further explored. Employing chi-square and binary logistic regression for analyses, the data on women who had at least four living children were extracted from the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (2018 NDHS)to examine the associated factors of fertility intentions. The results indicate significant relationships of fertility intentions with women’s current age, region of residence, level of education, and husband’s desire for more children. Other predictors of fertility intentions are ideal number of children, children ever born, and number of living children. The study concludes that having four children is not compatible with the desired level of fertility for women due to the influence of the identified predictors. The study recommends proper advocacy on socially and economically desirable fertility levels for women.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar IPS Melalui Model Group Investigation Pada Siswa Kelas VII-A Semester 1 Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020
Authors: Mayawati Endang
Published: March 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan gambaran obyektif tentang peningkatan Hasil belajar IPS materi manusia sebagai makhluk sosial dan ekonomi melalui model group investigation pada siswa kelas VII-A Semester 1 Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020 Di SMP Negeri 1 Pogalan. Penelitian Tindakan Kelas di laksanakan di SMP Negeri 1 Pogalan, yang merupakan tempat peneliti melaksanakan tugas sebagai guru bidang di mata pelajaran IPS setiap harinya. Siswa kelas VII-A menjadi obyek peneliti dan materi yang digunakan adalah bidang studi IPS Pokok Bahasan Manusia Sebagai Makhluk Sosial Dan Ekonomi di SMP Negeri 1 Pogalan Tahun pelajaran 2019/2020 yang berjumlah 32 siswa. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama 3 bulan pada semester I. Setelah pembelajaran dilaksanakan dengan penggunaan model group Investigation,, dapat disimpulkan bahwa: Pembelajaran IPS melalui model group Investigation dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar pada siswa kelas kelas VII-A Semester 1 Tahun ajaran 2019/2020 di SMP Negeri 1 Pogalan . Hal tersebut dapat diketahui dari kenaikan nilai rata-rata. Nilai rata-rata pada siklus 1 sebesar 67.50 pada siklus II sebesar 75.00. Hal ini berarti terjadi peningkatan nilai rata-rata 7.5. Di samping nilai rata-rata kenaikan hasil belajar siswa dapat diketahui dengan melihat persentase ketuntasan belajar secara klasikal. Pada siklus 1 siswa yang telah tuntas sebanyak 19 anak (60%) sedang siswa yang belum tuntas sebanyak 13 anak (40%). Pada siklus II siswa yang telah tuntas sebanyak 29 anak (91%) sedang siswa yang belum tuntas sebanyak 3 anak (9%). Ketuntasan belajar secara klasikal terjadi peningkatan sebesar 31%.
RESULTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL TESTING OF TRITICAL VARIETIES UNDER CONDITIONS OF IRRIGATED SOILS OF UZBEKISTAN
Authors: Муминов А.А. , Телляев Р.Ш. , Эргашев У.А.
Published: March 2022

Изучение на научной основе сорта тритикале и выделение сортов показавшие самые лучшие результаты. Использование тритикале в качестве основной и промежуточной культуры в укреплении кормовой базы животноводства. 

The study on a scientific basis varieties of triticale and the selection of varieties showed the best results. The use of triticale as a primary and intermediate crop in strengthening the feed base of livestock.
EFFECT OF oxyR MUTATION ON ANTIBIOTIC TOLERANCE IN ESCHERICHIA COLI BIOFILMS
Authors: Самойлова З.Ю. , Смирнова Г.В. , Октябрьский О.Н.
Published: March 2022

Исследована модуляция колониеобразующей способности бактерий Escherichia coli в составе зрелых биопленок при наличии мутации oxyR. Показана связь между антиоксидантной активностью и толерантностью к действию ципрофлоксацина и цефотаксима.

We studied modulation of colonyforming ability in mature biofi lms of Escherichia coli when oxyR mutation was present. A correlation between antioxidant activity and tolerance to antibiotics ciprofl oxacin and cefotaxime was shown.
ПОЛОЖЕНИЕ ЖЕНЩИНЫ СРЕДНЕЙ АЗИИ В КОЛОНИАЛЬНЫЙ ПЕРИОД
Authors: Зияева Д.С.
Published: March 2022

В данной статье анализируется положение женщины Средней Азии как в одном из исламских регионов в конце XIX начале XX веков. На основе исторических материалов делается попытка проанализировать роль женщин в жизни общества.

In the given article the womans position in Middle Asia as in one of Islamic regions is analyzed the historic time referring to the end of the XIXth the beginning of the XXth centuries. Proceeding from the historic materials the authors make an endeavour to analyze the role of women in the life of society.
MEMITIGASI PENGARUH PERSONAL COST TERHADAP INTENSI MELAKUKAN WHISTLEBLOWING PADA APARATUR SIPIL
Authors: Pasangka Praja Habib
Published: March 2022

Data Corruption Perception Index (CPI) menunjukkan Indonesia masih menjadi salah satu negara rawan korupsi meskipun tren korupsi di Indonesia menurun tiap tahunnya. Indonesia menempati peringkat ‘kebersihan’ dari korupsi ke-96 dari 180 negara. Upaya meminimalisir sudah banyak dilakukan, salah satunya lewat peran whistleblower. Hanya saja, whistleblower selalu dihadapkan dengan dilema antara melaporkan kecurangan dan melindungi diri dari konsekuensi akibat melaporkan kecurangan. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya faktor-faktor mitigasi dilema agar intensi untuk melakukan whistleblowing bisa terealisasi menjadi tindakan dan dapat mencegah serta menguak praktik kecurangan. Untuk itu peneliti mencoba menguji peran reward untuk memitigasi pengaruh personal cost dalam menciptakan dilema yang dimaksud. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dengan 50 partisipan. Data dianalisis dengan metode Partial Least Square dan hasilnya menunjukkan temuan bahwa personal cost justru berpengaruh positif terhadap intensi melakukan whistleblowing, yang menyebabkan peran reward menjadi tidak signifikan dalam memediasi pengaruh personal cost terhadap intensi melakukan whistleblowing.
Inter and Intramolecular Radical Additions of Aryl Halides Catalyzed by Diazaphospholenes
Authors: Riley Robert , Huchenski Blake , Bamford Karlee , Speed Alex
Published: March 2022

Diazaphospholenes have been widely used as hydride transfer catalysts, however their use in radical reactions and as photocatalysts is a recently emerging area. In this work, we show how stoichiometric radical cyclizations of aryl iodides mediated by diazaphospholene hydrides can be made catalytic by the combination of phenylsilane and alkali metal salts to regenerate the diazaphospholene hydride under the reaction conditions. The scope was expanded to include aryl bromides. These transformations required visible light irradiation, with twenty substrates undergoing cyclization, including a dearomative cyclization. Extension to six intermolecular radical hydroarylations with arenes, thiophenes, and a pyridine was also accomplished.
BQ-AurIPr: A Redox-Active Anticancer Au(I) Complex that Induces Immunogenic Cell Death in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Mule Ravindra D. , Kumar Akhilesh , Sancheti Shashank P. , Senthilkumar B. , Kumar Himanshu , Patil Nitin T.
Published: March 2022

Immunogenic Cell Death (ICD) is a unique cell death mechanism that kills cancer cells while rejuvenating the anti-cancer immunosurveillance, thereby benefiting the clinical outcomes of various chemo-immunotherapeutic regimens. Herein, we report development of a library of Benzo[a]quinolizinium-based Au(I) complexes through an intramolecular amino-auration reaction of pyridino-alkynes. We tested 40 candidates and successfully identified BQ-AurIPr as a novel redox-active Au(I) complex with potent anticancer properties. BQ-AurIPr efficiently triggered generation of DAMPs-the hallmarks of ICD, and was superior in terms of efficiency compared to FDA-approved drugs known to in-duce ICD. BQ-AurIPr significantly increased immunogenicity of cancer cells enhancing their phagocytosis when co-cultured with immune cells. Our investigation reveals that BQ-AurIPr induces oxidative stress inside mitochondria leading to mitophagy, as the mechanism for ICD induction.
Ir-Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation of Dialkyl Malo-nates Enabling the Construction of Enantioenriched All-Carbon Quaternary Centers
Authors: Moghadam Farbod , Hicks Elliot , Sercel Zachary , Cusumano Alexander , Bartberger Michael , Stoltz Brian
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT: An enantioselective iridium-catalyzed allylic alkylation of malonates with trisubstituted allylic electro-philes to form all-carbon quaternary stereocenters is reported. This cross-coupling reaction features unprecedented reactivity at ambient temperature, particularly for challenging fully alkyl-substituted allylic electrophiles, and ena-bles the preparation of a wide range of enantioenriched products in up to 93% yield and 97% ee. The products of this transformation can be readily converted to a number of valuable building blocks including vicinal quaternary stereodiads and β-quaternary acids. This method was also used to prepare an enantioenriched intermediate facilitat-ing the asymmetric formal synthesis of the sporochnol family of natural products.
An Illustrated Review on Chemical Properties, Synthetic Methods and Biological Activities of Quinazolines
Authors: Prakash Gnana
Published: March 2022

Biologically active heterocyclic compounds comprise of largest & manifold family of organic compounds. These compounds include Quinolines, Quinazolines, Aminoquinolines, etc and their derivatives. They exhibit multi-faceted biological properties like analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, antibacterial, antifungal, antidepressant, anticancer, antitubercular &antihistaminic. Biologically active heterocyclic compounds are considered to be important as they are highly utilized pharmacological molecules. These compounds have various physiological significance too. This review summarizes chemical characteristics, possible synthetic routes & various bio-activities of quinazolines.
REFLECTING TO LEARN: THE ASPECTS OF REFLECTION AS REFLECTED BY ENGLISH TEACHERS IN THEIR REFLECTIVE PRACTICE
Authors: Tosriadi Tosriadi , Asib Abdul , Marmanto Sri
Published: March 2022

Reflective practice has become central issue in teacher professional development. Through reflective practice, it is expected teachers can improve their teaching quality and develop their professionalism as well. As a tool of professional development, reflective practice offers opportunities to teachers to reflect on their teaching. There are some aspects that can be included in teachers’ reflection. This qualitative case study was aimed at investigating some aspects of English teachers reflected in their reflective practice. 4 in-service English teachers were involved as respondents of the study. Data were collected through interview and documentation. Then, they were analyzed by using interactive model analysis for qualitative study. The results of data analysis were elaborated by using narration. There were four major findings emerged as the aspects of teachers’ reflection in their reflective practice; classroom management, teaching strategy, teaching and learning material, and students difficulties in learning
ENGLISH YOUTUBE CHANNEL IN ENHANCING STUDENTS’ SPEAKING SKILL
Authors: Lestari Yunda
Published: March 2022

This study was aimed at whether YouTube English Channel can significantly enhance the students’ speaking skill at the second semester students of Management Study Program of Economic Faculty in the academic year 2018/2019, University of Baturaja.Quasi experimetal method was used in this study. This study employed second semester students of  Management Study Program of Economic Faculty, University of Baturaja with the total number of the population was 132 students. The sample of the study was 64 students and it was found that the value of Sig.= 0,000 less than the significance level (α=0,05)  so it meant that there was a great correlation between the score of pre-test and post-test. Then, the value of t-obtained = 9,057 which means   more than value of t-table = 2,042 with df = 32, and the value of sig.(2 tailed) = 0,000 less than the significance level (α=0,05).    It can be concluded that there was a significant difference in speaking skill before and after treatment. It was believed that YouTube English Channel could enhance students’ speaking skill.
SPEECH ACT THEORY IN ARTHUR MILLER’S DRAMA “THE CRUCIBLE”
Authors: Mulyanto Mulyanto
Published: March 2022

The research intends not only to describe the functions of the speech acts used by the main characters in Arthur Miller’s drama,The Crucible but also to identify the illocutionary of the speech actsand to identify the illocutionary and functions of the speech acts dominant in Arthur Miller’s drama, The Crucible. Based on the research findings, it is found that The first scene occurs at the beginning of Act II in John Proctor's house. The second scene occurs in Act IV in John Proctor's prison cell near the end of the play before he chooses to be hanged with honor rather than live with shame.  Both scenes include an act of request, to confess in the first instance or to approve of an act of confession in the second.  In both scenes, the hearer declines the request.
TEACHERS’ PEDAGOGIC COMPETENCE IN TEACHING ENGLISH AT SMAN 1 SANGGAR IN BIMA
Authors: Ma’rifatullah Ma'rifatullah , Ampa Andi Tenri , Azis Awalia
Published: March 2022

The main problem in this study what are Teachers Pedagogic Competence in teaching English at SMAN 1 Sanggar in Bima. This study aims to determine the Teachers Pedagogic Competence in Teaching English at SMAN 1 Sanggar. The approach used in this research was descriptive research. Location of research at SMAN 1 Sanggar in Bima. This type of research was qualitative research, where  the process data collecting using observation and questionnaire. As for the analysis the author uses descriptive qualitative analysis techniques, namely written data, observations to the location of the location directly, so that in this case the researcher seeks to conduct research that is describing thoroughly about the actual situation. The subjects in this study were three English teachers at SMAN 1 Sanggar in Bima. From the results of the research that has been done, the writer can conclude that the teacher's Pedagogic competence in Teaching English has been done to the students quite well. The forms include: in terms of teachers understanding the characteristics of students it has been carried out using learning strategies, learning methods, and learning materials that are appropriate to the needs of students. For aspects of teachers understanding learning theory and learning principles that educate with effective and varied learning, for aspects of curriculum development carried out to design learning activities that fit the needs of students.
PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI AKADEMIK USER FRIENDLY UNTUK SMA MUHAMMADIYAH KOTA TEGAL (SIATA)
Authors: Hidayanti Luthfi Nur
Published: March 2022

EnglishAn Academic Information System of Senior High School (SMA) is called SIATA. The system is designed and made to make easy on data processing of a school. SIATA is made only for offline web or local host. The method on designing SIATA uses waterfall model, because it is flexible model. SIATA needs an alpha and beta trial testing to find the weakness and quality of the system before it is implemented as the running system. The result of the design is an academic information system, which is easy used by the user. The operating system is not difficult, so it is can be user friendly system. Indonesian Sistem Informasi Akademik SMA Muhata atau yang disebut SIATA, merupakan suatu sistem yang dirancang dan dibangun untuk mempermudah sekolah dalam proses pengolahan data akademik. Saat ini SIATA dibangun sebatas web offline atau localhost. Metode yang digunakan dalam perancangan SIATA ini menggunakan model waterfall karena sifatnya yang fleksibel. Sebelum SIATA diimplementasikan menjadi sistem yang berjalan akan dilakukan pengujian alpha dan pengujian beta guna menemukan kelemahan sistem dan menentukan kualitas sistem. Hasil dari perancangan ini adalah sebuah sistem informasi akademik yang mudah digunakan oleh user dan pengoperasiannya tidak rumit sehingga menjadi sistem yang user friendly.
ANALISIS DAMPAK PENGARUH NILAI DOWN C/N DAN UP C/N TERHADAP KUALITAS KOMUNIKASI JARINGAN BANK BRI
Authors: Supriono Heri
Published: March 2022

EnglishIn the global information age, competition in the business world requires time. In Indonesia, the use of satellite telecommunications network infrastructure is the right choice. Satellite is an alternative communication technology that can be applied to meet the communication needs at perBankan. One of the existing satellite communications systems today is VSAT IP. VSAT IP applies TDM / TDMA technology with IP as communication protocol. Some parameters used to determine the reliability of Vsat Ip include Down C / N and Up C / N. Down C / N and UP C / N affect the time lag needed in packet data delivery from the sender to a remote network's latency. Limit of permitted latency value between 500 - 1100 ms. The higher the latency the longer the data transfer process. From the analysis of the higher the value of Down C / N and Up C / N obtained a remote then the value of the latency is getting smaller or better. At the value of Down C / N 9.6 dB with 8PSK modulation 5/6 latency obtained for 559 ms. At the value of Up C / N 72.76 dB latency obtained for 567 ms. As the operational feasibility standard obtained from data analysis that is the value of Dwon C / N ≥ 8.5 dB and the value of Up C / N ≥ 6.7 dB. IndonesianPada era informasi global, persaingan di dunia bisnis memerlukan kecepatan waktu. Di Indonesia, penggunaan infrastruktur jaringan telekomunikasi satelit merupakan pilihan tepat. Satelit merupakan alternative teknologi komunikasi yang dapat diterapkan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan komunikasi pada perBankan. Salah satu system komunikasi satelit yang telah ada saat ini adalah VSAT IP. VSAT IP menerapkan teknologi TDM/TDMA dengan IP sebagai protocol komunikasi. Beberapa parameter yang digunakan untuk mengetahui kehandalan dari Vsat Ip diantaranya adalah Down C/N dan Up C/N. Down C/N dan UP C/N berpengaruh pada jeda waktu yang dibutuhkan dalam pengantaran paket data dari pengirim ke penerima (latency) suatu jaringan remote. Batas nilai latency ya ng diijinkan antara 500 – 1100 ms. Semakin tinggi latency  maka semakin lama proses transfer data. Dari hasil analisa semakin tinggi nilai Down C/N dan Up C/N yang didapat suatu remote maka nilai latency semakin kecil atau semakin bagus. Pada nilai Down C/N 9.6 dB dengan modulasi 8PSK 5/6 latency yang didapatkan sebesar 559 ms. Pada nilai Up C/N 72.76 dB  latency yang didapatkan sebesar 567 ms. Sebagai standard kelayakan operasional yang didapat dari data analisa yaitu besarnya nilai Dwon C/N ≥ 8.5 dB dan besarnya nilai Up C/N ≥ 6.7 dB.
PERBAIKAN KUALITAS DAYA MENGGUNAKAN OPTIMAL CAPACITOR PLACEMENT (OCP) PADA SISTEM KELISTRIKAN PT. FMC AGRICULTURAL MANUFACTURING
Authors: Sari Navynda Kurnia
Published: March 2022

Kualitas daya dalam sistem tenaga merupakan hal yang sangat penting dan harus diperhatikan untuk menjaga stabilitas dan continuitas sistem tenaga listrik dalam suatu industri. Diantara permasalahan kualitas daya yang timbul salah satunya adalah penurunan nilai faktor daya (power faktor) yang menyebabkan konsumsi daya menjadi berlebih. Seperti pada industri-industri besar pada umumnya. PT. FMC Agricultural Manufacturing juga memiliki permasalahan kualitas daya pada sistem kelistrikannya, disebabkan karena mempunyai banyak motor-motor berkapasitas besar untuk proses produksinya yang dapat menyebabkan rugi-rugi daya semakin meningkat. Untuk mengantisipasi hal tersebut perlu dilakukan pengontrolan daya reaktif salah satunya dapat dilakukan dengan pemasangan kapasitor yang optimal untuk memperbaiki dan meningkatkan faktor daya sehingga dapat memaksimalkan kapasitas penyaluran daya sistem. Pada penelitian ini dibahas studi kasus perbaikan kondisi faktor daya pada sistem kelistrikan PT. FMC Agricultural Manufacturing. Perbaikan faktor daya dilakukan dengan metode Optimal Capacitor Placement (OCP) untuk memperbaiki kondisi faktor daya dan mereduksi rugi-rugi daya pada saluran. Dari hasil penelitian, diketahui lokasi pemasangan kapasitor yang tepat untuk memperbaiki nilai faktor daya pada sistem berdasarkan hasil analisis aliran daya pada software ETAP 12.6.0 yaitu pada bus 3 dengan nilai kompensasi daya reaktif adalah sebesar 91.51 kVAR dan arus 115.06 A.
INFLUENCE OF PERSONNEL'S SELF-EFFICACY, SOCIAL MEDIA USE ON SERVICE DELIVERY IN UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES IN LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA
Authors:   Library Unit, Caleb University, Imota, Lagos, Oladipo Yetunde Omodele
Published: March 2022

This study investigates the influence of library personnel’s self-efficacy and use of social media on service delivery in university libraries in Lagos State. The design of the study was survey. The population of the study comprise of 133 library personnel selected from four university libraries in Lagos State. The total enumeration technique was used to include all 133 library personnel. Findings of the study revealed that personnel's self efficacy positively and significantly influenced service delivery in the university libraries in Lagos state, Nigeria (R2 = 0.032, β = 0.847, t = 4.446, p<0.05). It was also discovered that social media use positively significantly influenced service delivery in the university libraries in Lagos state, Nigeria (R2 = 0.032, β = 0.847, t = 4.120, p<0.05). Lastly, there is significant combined influence of personnel's self-efficacy and social media use on service delivery in the university libraries in Lagos state, Nigeria (Adj. R2= 0.113, F(4, 113) = 9.21, p<0.05).In conclusion, library personnel's self-efficacy and social media use contributes to service delivery in university libraries in Lagos State, Nigeria. It is therefore recommended that the managements of university libraries should ensure provision of adequate facilities in different forms of information resources and services. In support of this, there should be a university based policy that would encourage the library personnel to use social media platforms for service delivery
EFFECTS OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE ON ECONOMIC GROWTH OF ECONOMIC COMMUNITY OF WEST AFRICAN STATES (ECOWAS)
Authors:   Department of Economics, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria, Okechukwu Daniel , Okwu Andy ,   Department of Economics, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria
Published: March 2022

Economic literature identifies international trade as one of the channels through which sustainable economic growth can be achieved. For years, the relevance of trade in economic growth process has been one of the most commonly debated topics among economists and policy makers in Africa. This study investigates the effects of international trade on the economic growth of Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) from 2000 to 2018 across the 15 countries of the sub-region. Fixed effect model in a panel data environment was used for the analysis. The variables of interest are real gross domestic product, exports, imports, exchange rate, balance of payments and gross capital formation. The results show that exports, imports, exchange rate and balance of payments exert significant positive effects on economic growth of the ECOWAS, while gross capital formation exerts significant negative effect on growth of the economy of the countries. However, the independent variables jointly showed significant growth effect. Consequently, this study recommends that the ECOWAS should explore modern technology to transform their raw materials into intermediate export goods in order to increase the limited production and export base so as to become more competitive in international trade relations. Also, the imports of the sub-region should be skewed towards intermediate production inputs such as technology, machineries and chemicals which, when combined with the abundantly available human capital, would increase the production of value-added exports volumes, improve trading position and ultimately improve economic growth of the sub-region
Large-scale decontamination of disposable FFP2 and FFP3 respirators by hydrogen peroxide vapour, Finland, April to June 2020
Authors: Laatikainen Katri , Mesilaakso Markku , Kulmala Ilpo , Mäkelä Erja , Ruutu Petri , Lyytikäinen Outi , Tella Susanna , Humppi Tarmo , Salo Satu , Haataja Tuuli , Helminen Kristiina , Karppinen Henri , Kähkönen Heli , Vainiola Tarja , Blomqvist Kirsimarja , Laitinen Sirpa , Peltonen Kati , Laaksonen Marko , Ristimäki Timo , Koivisto Jouni
Published: March 2022

Background

The shortage of FFP2 and FFP3 respirators posed a serious threat to the operation of the healthcare system at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Aim

Our aim was to develop and validate a large-scale facility that uses hydrogen peroxide vapour for the decontamination of used respirators.

Methods

A multidisciplinary and multisectoral ad hoc group of experts representing various organisations was assembled to implement the collection and transport of used FFP2 and FFP3 respirators from hospitals covering 86% of the Finnish population. A large-scale decontamination facility using hydrogen peroxide vapour was designed and constructed. Microbiological tests were used to confirm efficacy of hydrogen peroxide vapour decontamination together with a test to assess the effect of decontamination on the filtering efficacy and fit of respirators. Bacterial and fungal growth in stored respirators was determined by standard methods.

Results

Large-scale hydrogen peroxide vapour decontamination of a range of FFP2 and FFP3 respirator models effectively reduced the recovery of biological indicators: Geobacillus stearothermophilus and Bacillus atrophaeus spores, as well as model virus bacteriophage MS2. The filtering efficacy and facial fit after hydrogen peroxide vapour decontamination were not affected by the process. Microbial growth in the hydrogen peroxide vapour-treated respirators indicated appropriate microbial cleanliness.

Conclusions

Large-scale hydrogen peroxide vapour decontamination was validated. After effective decontamination, no significant changes in the key properties of the respirators were detected. European Union regulations should incorporate a facilitated pathway to allow reuse of appropriately decontaminated respirators in a severe pandemic when unused respirators are not available.
SARS-CoV-2 infection among educational staff in Berlin, Germany, June to December 2020
Authors: Kindzierski Sophia , van Loon Welmoed , Theuring Stefanie , Hommes Franziska , Thombansen Eberhard , Böttcher Malik , Matthes Harald , Rössig Heike , Weiger David , Wiesmann Christof , Kurth Tobias , Kirchberger Valerie , Seybold Joachim , Mockenhaupt Frank P , Gertler Maximilian
Published: March 2022

Background

SARS-CoV-2 infections in preschool and school settings potentially bear occupational risks to educational staff.

Aim

We aimed to assess the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in teachers and preschool educators and at identifying factors associated with infection.

Methods

We analysed cross-sectional data derived from 17,448 voluntary, PCR-based screening tests of asymptomatic educational staff in Berlin, Germany, between June and December 2020 using descriptive statistics and a logistic regression model.

Results

Participants were largely female (73.0%), and median age was 41 years (range: 18-78). Overall, SARS-CoV-2 infection proportion was 1.2% (95% CI: 1.0–1.4). Proportion of positive tests in educational staff largely followed community incidence until the start of the second pandemic wave, when an unsteady plateau was reached. Then, the proportion of positive tests in a (concurrent) population survey was 0.9% (95% CI: 0.6–1.4), 1.2% (95% CI: 0.8–1.8) in teachers and 2.6% (95% CI: 1.6–4.0) in preschool educators. Compared with teachers, increased odds of infection were conferred by being a preschool educator (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.6; 95% CI: 1.3–2.0) and by contact with a SARS-CoV-2 infected individual outside of work (aOR: 3.0; 95% CI: 1.5–5.5). In a step-wise backward selection, the best set of associated factors with SARS-CoV-2 infection involved age, occupation, and calendar week.

Conclusions

These results indicate that preschool educators bear increased odds of SARS-CoV-2 infection compared with teachers. At the same time, the private environment appeared to be a relevant source of SARS-CoV-2 infection for educational staff in 2020.
The study of promising sesame varieties for breeding purposes in the territory of the Northern Caspian Sea
Authors: Asfandiyarova Minira Shaimordanovna , Eremin Vladimir Aleksandrovich
Published: March 2022

There are no industrial sesame crops on the territory of the Russian Federation. Only small farms grow it in small volumes in the Krasnodar and Stavropol territories. It is mainly imported from abroad. In the Astrakhan region, climatic conditions allow us to grow various groups of sesame in terms of precocity. For its cultivation, new varieties of this valuable crop are needed, adapted to local conditions. Therefore, the study and search for varieties with high yield and plasticity is relevant. The object of research was sesame varieties of different origin. As a result of a three-year study of 130 collection samples of sesame, 26 varieties were identified, which showed higher indicators of productivity of one plant, weight of 1000 seeds and yield compared to the standard. The most productive samples were from Turkmenistan and Venezuela (VIR catalog numbers 784, 1506 and 1509) – 3.5 and 2.9 t / ha, respectively. The selected highly productive varieties are of great interest for their application to create new adapted sesame varieties.
The current level of maturity of BIM technology in construction in the agro-industrial complex of Russia
Authors: Turesheva Diana Tlegenovna , Sokoreva Evgeniya Viktorovna
Published: March 2022

This article is an overview and, as a research task, introduces the results of early research on the use of digital modeling technologies in the Russian construction industry in general and the agro-industrial complex in particular. The article provides a comparative analysis of "traditional" technologies for the organization and management of construction and the BIM approach, describes the criteria for evaluating these approaches. Like any other technology, BIM has its own stages of development, the characteristics and main parameters of which are given in the work.
Performance Study of Software-based Encrypting Data at Rest
Authors: Daoud Luka , Huen Hingkwan
Published: March 2022

Data security is an increasing concern, not only in cloud storage data centers but also in personal computing and memory devices. It is important to maintain the confidentiality of data at rest against ransom and theft attacks. However, securing data, in runtime, into the drives is associated with performance penalties. In this paper, a study of the performance impact for software-based self-encrypting solid-state drives is presented. This performance evaluation is conducted on the NVMe subsystem which supports encryption and decryption of the user data on an I/O command basis. Additionally, this paper demonstrates the potential of encryption and decryption acceleration for data storage in self-encrypting drives.
Application of Machine Learning on Software Quality Assurance and Testing: A Chronological Survey
Authors: Chen Hongkai , Hossain Mohammad
Published: March 2022

Ensuring the quality is essential for a successful Software System. Software systems need to be tested in every stage of the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) irrespective of the type of software being developed. If a software bug remains undetected in the early phase of the SDLC, it becomes harder to fix it at a later stage and becomes very costly. The application of machine learning in Software Quality Assurance and Testing can help testers in the testing process, including the early detection and prediction of a software bug. However, employing machine learning techniques brings new challenges to testing and quality assurance. Machine Learning (ML) uses Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques that focus on a given dataset to find any trend present in the data. It has been observed that some software testing activities can, in fact, be represented as a learning problem. Thus, ML can be used as an efficient tool to automate software- testing activities, especially when the software system becomes very complex. This survey aims to study and summarize the application of machine learning on software quality assurance and testing in a chronological manner by selecting from articles published in the last twenty-six years or so.
Facial Emotion Characterization and Detection using Fourier Transform and Machine Learning
Authors: Gouru Aishwarya , Suthaharan Shan
Published: March 2022

We present a Fourier-based machine learning technique that characterizes and detects facial emotions. The main challenging task in the development of machine learning (ML) models for classifying facial emotions is the detection of accurate emotional features from a set of training samples, and the generation of feature vectors for constructing a meaningful feature space and building ML models. In this paper, we hypothesis that the emotional features are hidden in the frequency domain; hence, they can be captured by leveraging the frequency domain and masking techniques. We also make use of the conjecture that a facial emotions are convoluted with the normal facial features and the other emotional features; however, they carry linearly separable spatial frequencies (we call computational emotional frequencies). Hence, we propose a technique by leveraging fast Fourier transform (FFT) and rectangular narrow-band frequency kernels, and the widely used Yale-Faces image dataset. We test the hypothesis using the performance scores of the random forest (RF) and the artificial neural network (ANN) classifiers as the measures to validate the effectiveness of the captured emotional frequencies. Our finding is that the computational emotional frequencies discovered by the proposed approach provides meaningful emotional features that help RF and ANN achieve a high precision scores above 93%, on average.