bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Scarti di genere: percorsi diagnostici, paesaggi umani
Authors: Lingiardi Vittorio , Vono Nuccia
Published: June 2021

Il rapporto tra sesso, genere e orientamento sessuale non č scontato. Esso viene condizionato dalle disposizioni biologiche, dalla storia individuale e dai contesti socio-culturali. A partire da questa complessitŕ, come dobbiamo considerare la diagnosi di Disturbo dell'Identitŕ di Genere? Il prodotto di una cultura normativa in tema di genere? La conseguenza nosografica di una declinazione "imprevista" dell'appartenenza al genere assegnato alla nascita? Una diagnosi da mantenere, da modificare o da rimuovere? E che legame c'č, se c'č un legame, tra le variazioni di genere e l'orientamento sessuale?
La situazione dell'energia nucleare nel mondo: un quadro di sintesi
Authors: Cumo Maurizio
Published: June 2021

- This article gives an overview of the situation of nuclear power in the world and analyzes the problems of this source of energy from different points of view: the generation costs, fuel cycle, particularly with regard to the resources of uranium and radioactive waste, and the programs of technological development of new reactors.

Key words: Nuclear energy, generation costs, uranium resources, radioactive waste, new reactor technology.

JEL classifications: L94 Q40 Q31
The competitiveness of nuclear energy in an era of liberalized markets and restrictions on greenhouse-gas emissions
Authors: De Paoli Luigi , Gulli Francesco
Published: June 2021

- The debate on the benefits of nuclear energy revolves around the very competitiveness of this energy source. This article tries to show why it is not easy to answer unambiguously the question whether or not it is convenient to resort to nuclear power in a given country. After listing the factors on which the cost of electricity generation rests and discussing the range of probability of their value, the levelized cost of electricity generation from nuclear, coal and gas-fired plants is calculated using the Monte Carlo method. The results show that nuclear power is likely to be competitive, especially if policies to combat CO2 emissions will continue in the coming decades. There are, however, some margins of uncertainty, mainly related, to the one hand, to the cost of nuclear plants, that depends on the socio-institutional context, and on the other, to the fossil fuels cost, that are inherently difficult to anticipate even on average. Finally it is noted that the context of liberalized electricity markets may make it more difficult for investors to accept the risk of investing in nuclear power plants and for the community to socialize some of the costs associated with this technology.

Key words: Nuclear energy, generation costs, Montecarlo method, environmental impacts.

JEL classifications: G11, H23, L72, L94, Q31, Q40
The licensing of new nuclear power plants in Europe
Authors: Raetzke Christian
Published: June 2021

- After an introduction dealing with the nuclear Renaissance in Europe and the specific situation of Germany and of Italy, the article focuses on the question of licensing processes for new reactors. New nuclear power plant projects involve a substantial investment and electric utilities will only take this decision if the licensing and regulatory risk can be adequately managed. Licensing processes should be predictable and efficient in order to give sufficient assurance to applicants. The article discusses "best practice in licensing" by giving some examples of suitable licensing processes of other countries. It also highlights international initiatives aimed at harmonizing safety requirements for new reactors and a multinational cooperation in reactor design review. These issues should be carefully considered by any country wanting to get new nuclear started.

JEL classification: L52, L50, L78, L71, L94

Key words: Nuclear, licensing, public policy
Eco-Innovation and Transitions
Authors: Kemp René
Published: June 2021

- This paper is aimed at examining the scholarship on system innovation and societal transformation for sustainable development, which today is known as "transition management". In theoretical terms, the approach of transition management relies on markets, guidance in the form of goals and visions of sustainable development, network management with an element of self-organisation. Transition management could be viewed as "evolutionary governance" as it is concerned with the functioning of the variation-selection-retention process: creating variety informed by visions of the sustainability, shaping new paths and reflexively adapting existing institutional frameworks and regimes. It is a model for escaping lock-in and moving towards solutions offering multiple benefits, not just for users but also for society as a whole. It is not a megalomaniac attempt to control the future but an attempt to insert normative goals into evolutionary processes in a reflexive manner. The multilevel perspective of change and the model of goal-oriented modulation and reflexive governance, on which transition management is based, are described. Experiences with transition management in the Netherlands are described too, as well as the international debate on transition management as a model of governance for sustainable development.

Keywords: eco-innovation, transition, reflexive governance, multi-level change, the Netherlands

JEL classification: B52; Q50

Parole chiave: governance ambientale; fallimenti del mercato; esternalitŕ; beni pubblici; economia del benessere; economia istituzionale.
I conti Namea per le regioni italiane
Authors: Tudini Angelica , Vetrella Giusy
Published: June 2021

I dati regionali Namea (National Accounting Matrix including Environmental Accounts), prodotti per la prima volta dall'Istat per il 2005, presentano le emissioni atmo- sferiche causate dalle attivitŕ produttive - affiancate al valore aggiunto e all'occupazione relativi alle stesse attivitŕ - e le emissioni atmosferiche causate dalle attivitŕ di consumo delle famiglie (principalmente per trasporto privato e riscaldamento) - accostate alla spesa sostenuta dalle famiglie stesse per le medesime tipologie di consumo. La coerenza di impostazione metodologica che caratterizza i dati ambientali ed economici č un connotato fondamentale delle informazioni fornite, ed č frutto della comune adozione dei principi e degli standard alla base dei conti economici nazionali e regionali, definiti dallo European System of national and regional Accounts ("SEC95"). Mentre i dati economici si conformano per costruzione ai principi del SEC95, per i dati ambientali, elaborati a partire dall'inventario provinciale delle emissioni atmosferiche Corinair di fonte Ispra (Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale), si rende necessario un processo di armonizzazione con i dati economici che incide sia sui totali delle emissioni atmosferiche dell'inventario sia sulla classificazione delle emissioni stesse. Proprio in virtů della coerenza tra i dati ambientali e quelli economici, i conti Namea delle emissioni atmosferiche regionali si prestano a molteplici utilizzazioni analitiche. Anche ad altre realizzazioni della contabilitŕ ambientale a scala regionale č associato un buon grado di fattibilitŕ tecnica, condizione necessaria per lo sviluppo di ulteriori informazioni territoriali complementari ai dati NAMEA.
L'applicazione dell'approccio NAMEA per emissioni in atmosfera e rifiuti speciali a livello regionale, provinciale e comunale
Authors: Dalmazzone Silvana , La Notte Alessandra
Published: June 2021

In questo lavoro viene presentata un'applicazione sperimentale, condotta su emissioni in atmosfera e rifiuti speciali, della matrice ibrida di flusso NAMEA per la Regione Piemonte, la Provincia di Torino e il Comune di Torino. L'esigenza di compilare conti ambientali a livello locale nasce dalla consapevolezza che a diversi livelli amministrativi esistano esigenze informative diverse che richiedono, nel momento in cui si passa da un programma generico a delle azioni da implementare, un riferimento alle specificitŕ economico-sociali-ambientali del territorio che si gestisce. La condizione necessaria per impostare questo tipo di sistema č la disponibilitŕ di database affidabili e sistematicamente compilati. Tale condizione viene soddisfatta sia per la compilazione della parte economica di NAMEA (ricorrendo a ASIA), sia per la parte ambientale di NAMEA (ricorrendo a IREA per le emissioni in atmosfera e al Catasto Rifiuti per i rifiuti). Viene quindi dimostrato come moduli contabili ambientali (che non si limitino alle sole spese ambientali) siano effettivamente compilabili anche a livello locale, sino a livello dei singoli comuni. Vengono inoltre discusse in dettaglio le implicazioni metodologiche emerse dalla sperimentazione. Nell'utilizzare dati diversi rispetto al SNA viene a mancare l'integrabilitŕ con i moduli elaborati da ISTAT, inoltre a livello locale non sono applicati dei principi contabili cardine a livello nazionale.
I conti ambientali del territorio e delle risorse: due casi studio a supporto delle future linee guida a livello locale
Authors: La Notte Alessandra , Turvani Margherita
Published: June 2021

I conti patrimoniali (asset accounts) sono fra i principali moduli di contabilitŕ ambientale e fanno riferimento alle risorse e agli ecosistemi. Lo sviluppo dei conti patrimoniali delle risorse, grazie a diversi decenni di esperienze e applicazioni, sta giungendo alla standardizzazione delle procedure. Inoltre, l'EEA (Agenzia Europea dell'Ambiente) sta provvedendo a sviluppare i conti ambientali relativi agli ecosistemi. In entrambi i casi si pone la questione di come applicare tali complesse strutture a scale diverse, da quella globale a quella nazionale a quella locale. Al variare delle scale territoriali, variano i livelli istituzionali e con essi gli obiettivi e i fruitori dell'informazione derivabile dagli schemi di contabilitŕ ambientale. Quale sia l'approccio piů adatto per focalizzare il livello locale č tema tuttora in discussione. Inoltre una delle argomentazioni attualmente piů dibattute consiste nella definizione di una terminologia e classificazione univoca per le funzioni e servizi ecosistemici che sia attuabile anche agli schemi di contabilitŕ ambientale. Questo lavoro, prendendo come punto di riferimento la nozione di Valore Economico Totale e la struttura del bilancio forestale (IEEAF) , e presentando due casi studio in cui si sperimenta una procedura generica per valutare funzioni economiche ed ecologiche, si pone l'obiettivo di contribuire a questo dibattito. Le applicazioni differiscono per oggetto di valutazione (i boschi nel caso del Cansiglio e l'isola di S.Erasmo nel caso della Laguna di Venezia) e metodi usati (sia in termini fisici che monetari) e tuttavia individuano una procedura fattibile.
Taxation within electricity auctions with dominant firm
Authors: Gullě Francesco
Published: June 2021

This paper gives an additional contribution to the literature on environmental policy under imperfect competition. It aims at exploring how imperfect competition can affect the performance of environmental policy. The focus is on pollution taxes and power generation which is a particularly interesting case for three reasons. First it is one of the most important environmentally regulated markets. Second the demand for electricity varies cyclically over time (for example on hourly basis). Third the pricing mechanism is a multi-period and multi-unit first price auctions. The main finding of the analysis is that, looking at the entire demand cycle, it is very unlikely (virtually impossible) that under imperfect competition taxation could increase emissions although, according to a part of the current literature, in principle pollution may increase in the short-run within specific cycle periods. Moreover this may happen under specific and unlikely conditions although, unlike what this literature suggests, large asymmetry of firms and extreme curvature of demand are not strictly necessary.
Investment, public resources and the transport system: some simulations with the astra-it model
Authors: Fiorello Davide , Bielanska Dorota , Mafii Silvia , Martino Angelo
Published: June 2021

TRT Trasporti e Territorio (Milano) The transport sector is facing big challenges, such as the need for reducing greenhouse gases and the pressure on fossil fuels price. Tackling such challenges requires structural changes and policy should play a steering role. Therefore, transport policy measures should be assessed for their wider impact on the economy and the environment. This paper presents the strategic model ASTRA-IT and its application for the analysis of the investment in developing innovative vehicles. The several results produced by the model suggest that investing in innovative vehicles can have positive effects on the economy, but the environmental impact can be small.
"Sunny" prospects: an analysis of the photovoltaic industry in Italy
Authors: Algieri Bernardina , Aquino Antonio , Succurro Marianna
Published: June 2021

The present study provides an analysis of the Italian photovoltaic sector (PV). To this purpose, we first evaluate the main characteristics of the Italian PV incentive scheme by focusing on its costs and benefits. The analysis then turns to the evolution of PV demand over recent years, the key features of the Italian PV supply and its performances by identifying the strengths, limitations and growth prospects of the sector. The investigation relies on accounting data of the Italian producers collected from the Bureau van Dijk's Amadeus database, over the 2000- 2010 years. Some industrial policy implications conclude the work.
Mercato, concorrenza e governance nelle imprese pubbliche che gestiscono servizi locali
Authors: Bargero Cristina , Fornengo Graziella
Published: June 2021

- Local public services in Italy are subject to an ongoing reform process that started with the legal privatisation of the activities. The new local capitalism is becoming more and more important and gives rise to different problems. Some of them are analysed in the present paper, namely 1) the extent of the activities of these public owned but privately regulated firms, sometimes difficult to include in any notion of public services; 2) the competition rules to be applied on the market and for the market in their different activities; 3) the corporate governance problems arising from the conflicts between the political interests of the public owners and the efficiency objectives of the managers. After a short review of the more recent policy interventions in the field we conclude that they couldn't yet solve the above mentioned problems, even though they move in the right direction.
Costi di produzione ed erogazione di acqua potabile. Una proposta di analisi dell'efficienza
Authors: Bianco Gianni , Cecati Pierluigi
Published: June 2021

- Water will be a basic problem in the future of the world. At the moment in Italy the main problem lies in water reserve reductions facing a growing demand, while for drinkable water more and more administrator authorities are facing a budget deficit. The causes of this national and local situation are the administrative monopoly and the absence of planning and coordination policies, that would rationalize water use without rationing it, starting from an awareness of the costs of different involved variables. The economic quality of spring and consumption water, the oldness of the waterworks and pipe networks, the extreme fragmentation of waterworks (often of minimal dimension), their territorial localisation, the absence of a common method of charges, the scanty use of analysis of management, are some of the causes of a unique and surprising variability of costs, proceeds and tariffs. This paper analyzes the generation and the structure of the costs of drinkable water in an area representative of many national characteristics on the environmental, physic and socio-economic level. The quest for more efficient forms of management and for a more transparent determination of the tariffs has been carried on through the use of custom indexes of productivity and of production. These indexes summarise the existence of scale economies, of pipe network related diseconomies, and of economies of localisation and density of the consumers. The paper presents a synthesis of the observations gathered from about two hundred waterworks subdivided by owner and entrepreneurial typologies
I conti pubblici nel decennio 1998-2007: fattori temporanei, tendenze di medio periodo, misure discrezionali
Authors: Momigliano Sandro , Marino Maria Rosaria , Rizza Pietro
Published: June 2021

- The paper examines the development of Italy's public finances after the consolidation period 1992-97, which secured participation in the European Monetary Union from the outset. The «structural» developments in the main budgetary components are assessed, excluding the effects of the economic cycle and of temporary measures. The analysis shows a rapid deterioration in the years 1998-2003, whose roots can be traced back to the consolidation of the early 1990s, achieved primarily by means of tax increases and cuts in capital expenditure. Since 2004 there has been a structural improvement, initially modest but substantial in 2006 and 2007. Sustaining this adjustment and making further progress may again prove difficult, as the fiscal correction is similar in nature to the previous consolidation effort. Looking at the whole period 1998-2007, the deterioration of the public finances seems attributable to the difficulty to restrain the growth of current primary expenditure.
Il costo dell'Alta Velocitŕ ferroviaria in Italia
Authors: Virno Claudio
Published: June 2021

- Cost overruns are common in large and complex projects, especially in high speed rail ones. Budgeting for cost escalation is a major issue in the planning phase of these projects. This paper describes lessons learned on high speed rail in Italy and focuses on problems such as initial poor design, tactical budgeting, inadequate cost estimation and risk assessment, etc. The paper discusses possible means to avoid major flaws in the initial conceptual design of mega-projects. There is a growing understanding of the need to focus on the front-end phase in order to achieve more successful and cost-effective projects.
La difficile transizione verso la concorrenza nei servizi infrastrutturali: analisi empirica, identificazione delle criticitŕ e proposte di policy
Authors: Nuzzi Andrea
Published: June 2021

- The paper analyzes the fixed telephony and the energy (electricity and gas) services. In the first part of the article, empirical evidences about the current situation of the above quoted sectors are presented by means of selected performance indicators. The second section is devoted to the identification of the main issues retraceable in the examined industries. In more detail, the factors, which do not permit to fully benefit from the introduction of competition in the market, are pointed out: the attempt is to understand if those drawbacks are the results of a mistaken design of the regulatory system, the behaviors of the undertakings or the inadequacy of the chosen interventions. On these remarks, the paper ends with several concrete policy proposals. JEL L40, L51
Gender Auditing e Approccio delle Capacitŕ: Teoria e Metodologia
Authors: Lanzi Diego
Published: June 2021

- In this paper we propose a model of Gender Auditing (GA) inspired by Amartya Sen's capability approach. The methodological and normative assumptions and features of the model are outlined in order to list the relevant dimensions of human development. Then, the paper proposes indicators and a simple variation of the Gender Empowerment Measure to evaluate the impact of public policies on gender issues of equal opportunities between men and women.

JEL D63, I31, J16

Keywords: Economia di Genere, Politiche Pubbliche, Capacitŕ, Well-being
L'opting out dalla previdenza pubblica a quella privata e le scelte di adesione dei lavoratori del Regno Unito
Authors: Raitano Michele
Published: June 2021

The economic policy debate on the pension system's reform process in Italy has been on the forefront for more than a decade, and an increase in the role of funded private pillars has been often suggested. In this paper we focus on a specific way for enlarging such pillars: the partial opting out proposal, i.e. the chance for individuals to voluntarily devolve part of the contribution due to «pay as you go» public schemes to funded private ones. We argue that, if enrolment in different pension schemes is significantly related to individuals' socio-economic status, the introduction of opting out could result in population segmentation, weakening the social cohesion lying at the basis of a universal welfare state. We focus on the pension system of the UK, where voluntarily opting out from public second pillar towards private pension funds has been possible since the mid 1980s, and we study by means of an econometric analysis if the choice of pension enrolment of British workers are significantly related to their socio-economic status.

JEL H55

Keywords: sistemi e riforme previdenziali, opting out, welfare state, Regno Unito
La "clinical governance" č una prospettiva innovativa per le aziende ospedaliere?
Authors: Arduini Remo
Published: June 2021

In public health care organizations, the doctor is not only important as a provider of medical services but also as the individual that determines the demand of medical services; the doctor is both a participant in the definition of demand for services and the actual person representing the offer of them. Therefore health care organizations must guarantee the possibility for the doctor to act independently. On the other hand this autonomy is limited by the fact that doctors must act within the boundaries of structures that impose rules, hierarchies and adherence to organizational levels. This is the reason why in a hospital structure the doctor does not have the possibility to act in total autonomy. Within the hospital organization conflicts arise that must be either prevented and/or managed trough both coordination and integration of processes. The 2004 reform proposed by minister Sirchia constitutes an answer to the above conflict. It was inspired by the British experience with "clinical governance". Mr. Sirchia's law proposal creates the so called "clinical coordinator" and provides it with a position in the clinical organization's top management with the responsibility of definition of policies as well as coordination and controls. He will act as a medical director too. But the creation of the "clinical coordinator" position rather than solve the integration problems, would have generated permanent conflicts at top management level. Luckily the law proposal did not become an act of Parliament; but the problem of finding real solutions to the conflicts arising from the diversity of medical and economic cultures remains.
Il dibattito sul federalismo fiscale in Italia tra la riforma tributaria degli anni Settanta e la riforma amministrativa degli anni Novanta
Authors: De Bonis Valeria
Published: June 2021

This paper analyses the scientific and institutional debate on fiscal federalism that took place in Italy in the period between the early Seventies and the early Nineties, when the traditional approach was confronted with the new public choice one, in the context of the changing views on the role of the state. The issue is studied within the set of constraints and opportunities deriving from the European integration process. The proposals put forth in the early Nineties exemplify the emerging model of fiscal federalism both for Europe and for Italy.
Distretti industriali, nuove politiche territoriali e programmazione
Authors: Gualerzi Davide
Published: June 2021

The essay focuses on local development and governance. It examines the questions posed by the evolution of industrial districts and the new policy for local development, the so-called Instruments for Local Development. The analysis highlights a complex and contradictory relationship between the theory of local development, and in particular the notion of Marshallian Industrial District, and the new policy for local and regional development. Calling the new conceptual framework and legislation «negotiated development planning» engenders a fundamental ambiguity. It suggests a sort of continuity with the previous national policy of economic planning, but is instead defining a fundamentally different approach to government intervention in the economy.
Linearitŕ e non linearitŕ tra fisica e matematica prima di Poincaré
Authors: Marinucci Angelo
Published: June 2021

Seguendo la storia del problema dei tre corpi, l'autore si chiede perché prima di Poincaré non si parli di caos deterministico, sebbene giŕ nel '700 esistessero la matematica e i problemi fisici del caos. L'autore trova una risposta nel rapporto tra linearitŕ e non linearitŕ nella risoluzione di equazioni differenziali non lineari e non integrabili. Marinucci sottolinea come il problema dei tre corpi venisse trattato come il problema dei due corpi piů una perturbazione, poiché trattato riduzionisticamente. Egli si sofferma poi sul forte intreccio di fisica e matematica: la correttezza dei suoi procedimenti e la certezza fisica dei risultati matematici erano sinonimo di veritŕ. La linearitŕ diventa fondamentale nella risoluzione di equazioni differenziali non lineari e non integrabili. Č cosě possibile affiancare il concetto di linearitŕ a quelli di ordine e semplicitŕ della natura. L'autore sottolinea infine come l'equazione differenziale fornisca il criterio di riconoscibilitŕ della scientificitŕ.
Reflection Through Fiction
Authors: Cranton Patricia
Published: June 2021

If we can learn to recognize ourselves and position ourselves in stories, we can identify beliefs, assumptions, and social norms that shape the way we see ourselves and the world around us. This has the potential for reflection and, in some cases, transformative learning. In this paper, I illustrate the process of positioning ourselves in stories using four Canadian short stories. I include the voices of participants who were engaged in a 12 week course on learning through fiction.
Il ruolo della motivazione e della comprensione nello sviluppo della professionalitŕ degli insegnanti
Authors: Ostinelli Giorgio
Published: June 2021

This paper depicts the different paths followed by two teachers in the development of their professionalism, through their participation to a pilot group experimenting a fairly innovative teaching approach, inspired to Wiggins & McTighe's "Understanding by design (UbD)" methodology (Wiggins & McTighe, 1998; McTighe & Wiggins, 1999; Wiggins & McTighe, 2007). UbD is a constructivist way to organize teaching, involving significant changes to usual teaching practices. The project is part of a wider school improvement strategy actually taking place in a group of Swiss vocational schools (Ostinelli, 2007, 2008a), whereby teachers are supported by some School Improvement Advisor/researchers (SIA). The SIA can be roughly described as a figure being at the same time an advisor, a researcher and a critical friend. The key idea is, after the creation of some pilot groups, to "aggregate" other teachers and to disseminate the experience to other schools: the present article deals with the first, embryonic stage. In today's world, is quite important for teachers not only to accompany, but also to be able to prevent the change taking place inside schools; in this context, an evolution in their teaching practices is decisive. UbD can be a good path to follow in this journey, but, like various innovations, can be also difficult, either for the teacher and the SIA. This article will try to explain why one of the teachers assimilated the new methodology, improving his professionalism, while the other didn't. Why and how, in some circumstances, a lack of understanding of the situa- tion experienced can drive to negative consequences to the development of innovative teaching skills? Which is the role of motivation in this context? In order to try to give some answers to these questions, both teachers were firstly interviewed, and then a motivational test was administered to them. The collected informations proved useful for a better understanding of the dynamics underlying the described experience.
Action Learning e Action Oriented Research. Una ricerca sul turnover organizzativo
Authors: Melacarne Claudio
Published: June 2021

The educational research experience presented in this article has been solicited by the Confartigianato Imprese Arezzo with the aim to support the professional development of their middle management, as a consequence of an imminent generational change within the same organisation. This experience has seen the participation of a training group made of 15 subjects (managers and middle managers). Such educational path has been planned within the framework of the Action Learning methodology. The present contribution is aimed at describing the adopted methodological process and presenting some findings in terms of subjects' professional epistemological transformations and methodological approach issues.
Valutazione della qualitŕ della didattica universitaria: le iniziative in corso. Tra eccellenze e criticitŕ: il punto di vista dei docenti sulla didattica universitaria
Authors: Aquario Debora , Mazzucco Cristina
Published: June 2021

The aim of the present paper is to illustrate the first results deriving from the qualitative analysis of open questions included in PRODID (Teacher professional development and academic educational innovation) Question¬naire. The questions have been formulated in order to collect the point of view of teachers about excellences and innovations, perceived critical aspects in their teaching practice and the need of support for the improvement of teaching. The analysis has been realized through the use of software Atlas.ti. In particular, the analysis has been developed in order to underline strengths and weaknesses as well as the necessary support for the improvement of teaching and teacher professionalism. Findings are presented illustrating the distributions based on the School (context in which the single course is realized) as well as the thematic issues emerged from teachers' answers. Thematic issues are then discussed on the basis of the related scientific literature.
L'istituzione familiare tra mito e realtŕ
Authors: Berlincioni Vanna , Bruno Davide
Published: June 2021

- This work takes into exam family as an institution starting with a vision of comprehension and decentralization, according to the complementaristic method by Gerges Devereux. Furthermore, examples taken from works in the ethnographic and trans-cultural psychotherapy field will be given, in order to better illustrate the discussed topics. It seems thus possible to conclude that family and parental forms are different (one from the other), and that an unambiguous and comprehensive definition is difficult. Efforts to understand and to find specific politics of reception are then required by clinician, educators and professionals who operate in the social field. Only this way differences won't hurt anymore, and new generations will find their position in a broadened society.

Key words: Trans-cultural psychiatry, anthropology, family, kinship.
Chi non desidera due figli? Uno studio comparativo tra Francia e Italia
Authors: Vignoli Daniele , Régnier-Loilier Arnaud
Published: June 2021

- In the industrialized word, France and Italy placed at the extremes as far as fertility behaviour is concerned. Besides these differences, in this work we also wonder whether (or not) fertility desires are different between the two countries. In particular, we aim at scrutinizing the factors influencing the choice of the fertility pattern in France and Italy, paying special attention to the "single child model" and "large family model". Our findings highlight that the desired number of children in France is only slightly higher than in Italy. Moreover, also women who do not desire a two-child family are very similar in the two countries.

Keywords: Fertility desires, France, Italy, determinants of fertility desires, fertility intentions, observed fertility
La resilienza familiare: un modello integrato di ricerca e di intervento
Authors: Cardinali Paola , Guiducci Valentina , Migliorini Laura , Cavanna Donatella
Published: June 2021

- The transformations occurring within family relationships, on a psychological and social level, refer to a widespread and pervasive "fragility" of such relations and their meanings. The aim of the paper is to build an integrated model to understand the family protective and risk factors, according to the family resilience framework. An integrated model can facilitate a more attentive analysis of the family complexity, taking into account structural and processual variables, while overcoming the dichotic view that too often separates "families with problems", from "families with resources". This work will examine family functioning, adult attachment styles and relations with social workers, as part of the broader family resilience framework, in natural and foster families that refer to a Social Service in Genoa.
Costruire la resilienza familiare in contesti post bellici
Authors: Galvani Silvia , Binda Wilma
Published: June 2021

- Recent research findings highlight the role of context and family function-ning (Walsh, 2008) in strengthening resilience both individual and familiar. Studies about adolescents in post conflict context (Galvani, 2008) have confirmed the relevance of meanings (considered both as a making process and content) in mobilizing resources in the face of adversities. Literature (Antonovsky, 1987; Almedom e Glandom, 2007) states that Sense of Coherence (event's Comprehensibility, Manageability and Meaningfulness) indicates resilience in face of critical events. This study on Kosovar adolescents who experienced war during childhood (N. 144) suggests the centrality of family support and family functioning in making meaning out of adversities in order to enact individual adjustment. Data confirm family sense of coherence as resilience mediator in wellbeing.
Containment and Confrontation: A Psychosocial Model of Development
Authors: de Mendelssohn Felix
Published: June 2021

- This article originally given as a paper at the 6th IAGP Pacific Rim Conference in Singapore in March 2003, presents a model of psycho-social development - the development of individual psychic life in conjunction with group life in the social and political sphere. It is grounded in Bion's conceptualization of containment and PS - D function. Following his differentiation of the possible relationships between container and contained we can sketch a model of interaction between group and individual that is dynamic and developmental, providing a compass not only for group analytic interventions but for considering group processes in wider realms, such as international conflict resolution.
An Historic Overview of the IAPG: The Beginnings of IAGP and its Later Development
Authors: Battegay Raymond
Published: June 2021

- This paper gives a brief historic overview of IAGP. When the first International Congress of Group Psychotherapy was held in Toronto, Canada, in 1954, J L Moreno initiated the formation of the International Committee of Group Psychotherapy whose name was later changed to the International Council of Group Psychotherapy. At the fifth International Congress of Group Psychotherapy held in Zurich, Switzerland, in 1973, the name was again changed and the International Association of Group Psychotherapy (IAGP) was born. Approximately every third year since that time an International Congress has taken place at different cities around the world. At the Board Meeting during the sixteenth International Congress held in Sao Paulo, Brazil in 2007, it was decided to change the name to the International Association for Group Psychotherapy and Group Processes to reflect the larger interests of members. It will be under this name that the seventeenth International Congress will be held in Rome. In addition to the major International Congresses, Pacific Rim Regional Congresses and Regional Mediterranean Congresses have also been successfully organised, always attracting large numbers of participants. Since 1973 a number of subgroups have been formed for the different branches of Group Psychotherapy. The development of IAPG has been possible only because of the commitment of Board members and volunteers.
From Relational Hunger to Intimacy
Authors: Salisbury Robyn
Published: June 2021

- This paper presents a personal story embedded within a synthesis of the current international expertise on the development of the capacity for intimacy in adult sexual relationship. It explores the theme of ethical intimacy and erotic transference and was first given to a bicultural hui3 called Weaving our Living Stories facilitated by the New Zealand Association of Psychotherapists (NZAP) and Awhina4 Maori healers in March 2007.
Intelligent Kindness - Reforming the Culture of Healthcare
Authors: Campling Penelope , Ballatt John
Published: June 2021

Este trabajo se presentó en una reunión científica de OPUS el 19 de enero de 2012 en Londres. Tomando ideas del libro del mismo título, explora las condiciones que facilitan o impiden la compasión en la asistencia en salud mental y en las organizaciones que la administran. Ballatt y Campling argumentan que el SNS es un sistema que invita a la sociedad a valorar y satisfacer al máximo intereses comunes: una expresión vital de comunidad que pueda mejorar si la sociedad, los pacientes y el personal pueden reconectarse con estos valores profundos. Las crueles "reformas" reguladoras y estructurales han fracasado en el intento de evitar escándalos, permitiendo que el personal de los servicios de salud mental se sienta alienado. Las aproximaciones industriales y comerciales a la reforma, méritos aparte, necesitan urgentemente equilibrarse por medio de una comprensión aplicada de lo que promueve y garantiza una práctica compasiva. Dada la historia reciente de preocupación y ansiedad, y la amenaza de más cambios por la reorganización del National Health Service (NHS), plantean que esta perspectiva resulta más crítica que nunca.
Terapias grupales, red social personal y salud: Un area novedosa de investigación
Authors: Sluzki Carlos E.
Published: June 2021

Una red social personal robusta posee un efecto protector de la salud: se asocia positivamente con menos enfermedades, una convalecencia mas rápida y aun la probabilidad de una vida mas prolongada. Con todo, las intervenciones clínicas que estimulan la expansión de la red social utilizadas en pacientes que sufren enfermedades graves mejoran su calidad de vida así como el control del dolor, pero no revierten las enfermedades ni modifican la supervivencia. Las terapias grupales, que incrementan la capacidad de los pacientes para enriquecer su mundo social, constituyen "experimento natural" ideal para evaluar el impacto de estos enfoques antes de la aparición de posibles patologías severas, es decir, el efecto preventivo a largo plazo de estas terapias en términos de salud y aun de supervivencia. Para ello, el terapeuta grupal tendría que evaluar de manera sistemática y estandarizada la red social y la salud de pacientes al comienzo, al alta, y en seguimientos (y hay instrumentos sencillos para ese fin) para determinar el impacto a corto y largo plazo de la tarea clínica en lo que respecta a red social, salud y supervivencia. Un resultado positivo subrayaría otro merito importante de las terapias de grupo" mas allá de la intuición.
Valutazione e previsione.Riflessioni ex-post su alcune ricerche Delphi
Authors: Marini Giulio
Published: June 2021

- Predictive analysis is proving increasingly important to applied social research carried out for the public, private and mixed sectors. Though asserting its pragmatic value as an assessment and planning tool, however, predictive analysis provides little critical access with regard to its techniques, its finalising capacity and the validity and reliability of its research results. This short paper attempts to provide a posteriori evaluation of about ten Delphi projects carried out between 2002 and 2006, focusing on a time-frame now partially elapsed.
Solo relax e tutto sprint: nuovi modi di vivere le vacanze in Friuli Venezia Giulia
Authors: Zago Moreno
Published: June 2021

- The average length of holidays for Italians, as is the case for Europeans in general, has decreased considerably. Types of holidays have also substantially diversified. Many more holidaymakers are now interested in dimensions which go beyond simple relaxation to encompass sport, health and lightning visits. The population of Friuli Venezia Giulia is included in this trend. Using the data from field research and Time Machine simulation software, this paper analyses the many interactions and possible developments among socio-demographic, behavioural, motivational and strategic variables affecting the region's tourists.
L'interlinguistica tra creativitŕ individuale ed incomprensione tra alloglotti
Authors: Novello Giorgio
Published: June 2021

- A language may be seen on one hand as the free product of a collectivity of speakers, but on the other as an imposed factor not susceptible to modification by its speakers. There is space, however, for individual creativity (which is the subject of interlinguistics) expressed not only through the language but on it. The more radical deliberate interventions include the "official" modifications carried out on Standard Chinese (Putonghua), Nynorsk (New Norwegian), Kathareuousa ("high" New Greek) and Bahasa Indonesia. The most extreme cases are the planned resuscitation of a dead language (Hebrew) and the creation of a new one (Esperanto).
Geopolitica della lingua italiana
Authors: Benardelli de Leitenburg Mainardo
Published: June 2021

- Language is one of the most widely discussed questions in Italian social and literary history, and Italian has recently been dropped from the list of official languages in the European Community. The author presents a historical overview starting from the 13th century, which saw the beginning of popular literature in poetry, and comprising the development of written and spoken Italian from traditional regional literature to the evolution of the dolce stilnovo, the appearance in the 19th century of the language of Manzoni and his antagonists, the composition of the first Dictionary of the Italian language and the practice of transferring teachers and national service conscripts from one part of the country to another so as to spread a standard language over the whole territory. The article concludes with the observation that language changes over time and that its current written and spoken form is the result of standardisation produced by the population's exposure to the mass media.
L'impatto e le implicazioni della lingua e della cultura inglese ai confini dell'Impero britannico in India durante il XIX secolo
Authors: Nicolini Beatrice
Published: June 2021

- In the late 18th and early 19th century information in English in European hands regarding the lands between Persia and the western borders of British India was scarce at best, completely absent at worst. It was at the outbreak of a European crisis that the absence of cartographic and topographic documents on those lands - now part of Pakistan - suddenly became the centre of concern and tension, above all for the political and military governors of British India.
"Cooperazione alla pace" in Afghanistan. I processi della cooperazione civile-militare tra realtŕ afgana e best-practices internazionale
Authors: Lussi Manoela
Published: June 2021

L'articolo si concentra sui processi di costruzione della pace in Afghanistan analizzando le dinamiche, le potenzialitŕ e le sfide dei metodi di cooperazione civile-militare. Dopo una breve introduzione teorica sul ruolo delle organizzazioni e gli attori della societŕ civile nei percorsi di pacificazione e ricostruzione, l'articolo delinea lo stato dell'arte della cooperazione civile-militare in Afghanistan indagando le specificitŕ dell'approccio italiano a questo tipo di intervento di

. A tale fine, nella seconda parte dell'articolo si presenta il caso del Libano quale possibile

di cooperazione civile-militare italiana evidenziandone le caratteristiche "esportabili" anche a contesti come quello afgano.
I sistemi dei mezzi di comunicazione di massa nell'Afghanistan occidentale (Herat)
Authors: Romoli Andrea
Published: June 2021

Nello studio l'Autore descrive il sistema dei

nell'Afghanistan occidentale spiegando come radio, televisioni e giornali cerchino di giocare il loro ruolo nello sviluppo democratico e sociale del paese. Lo studio entra nel dettaglio della programmazione e dei palinsesti delle diverse emittenti aiutando a comprendere come esse organizzino il loro lavoro nel tentativo di trovare una via afgana alle comunicazioni di massa. Lo studio nasce da una lunga ricerca sul campo che l'Autore ha realizzato in qualitŕ di analista Psyops del contingente italiano ad Herat.
L'Italia e la questione romana: proposte di accordo rispetto alle delimitazioni territoriali con la Santa Sede nel 1870-71
Authors: Bianchi Alessandro
Published: June 2021

L'Autore descrive e analizza la formazione dello Stato della Santa Sede, e della delimitazione territoriale di esso, a partire dall'occupazione italiana di Roma del 20 settembre 1870. Vengono quindi affrontate le fasi diplomatiche per le quali la previsione del riconoscimento al Papa della Cittŕ leonina viene via via a modificarsi fino alla formulazione della proposta italiana, approvata dal Parlamento italiano il 13 maggio 1871, che va sotto il nome di "Legge delle Guarantigie". L'Autore evidenzia i vantaggi che vengono al Regno d'Italia nel votare tale legge, e i vantaggi che vengono anche alla Santa Sede, anche se essa la rifiuta per adesso e fino al 1929.
Una cittŕ di frontiera con confini deboli
Authors: Klein Menachem
Published: June 2021

L'Autore sviluppa il tema dei confini di Gerusalemme (sia nella cittŕ storica che nella sua area metropolitana) evidenziando come questi siano numerosi, non sovrapposti, informali - e cioč non riconosciuti da accordi concreti rigidi -, e di conseguenza tali confini sono deboli, flessibili e attraversabili. Il tema dei confini viene verificato sulla base degli obiettivi e dei risultati demografici, delle politiche, delle azioni pianificatorie, della costruzione di unitŕ abitative seguite dai governi israeliani e dalle autoritŕ palestinesi, dell'organizzazione dei servizi e della sicurezza. Tutto ciň č considerato nelle diverse parti della grande Gerusalemme (cittŕ storica e i villaggi della sua periferia). La conclusione dell'Autore č ancora quella che esistono molti confini ambivalenti, e quindi mobili non ufficiali, e che il confine etnico-nazionale č il piů potente nel dare forma a tutti questi confini morbidi e attraversabili.
Nella bottega del maestro: "Il quarto comma del'art. 39 della Costituzione, oggi" (sapere, tecnica e intuizione nella costruzione di un saggio)
Authors: Caruso Bruno
Published: June 2021

La rilettura intende ripercorrere l'itinerario culturale e il metodo di lavoro seguito da Massimo D'Antona nella stesura del suo ultimo saggio, non solo con riferimento ai contenuti, ma anche con l'intento di contribuire alla ricostruzione della biografia intellettuale dell'autore. La rilettura intende, infatti, segnalare ai giovani studiosi l'approccio culturale, tecnico e metodologico di un grande giurista, intellettuale impegnato in importanti processi di riforma. Sul piano dei contenuti la rilettura mette in luce come il saggio costituisca uno dei contributi piů originali di interpretazione costituzionale alternativa dell'art. 39 Cost. Nel saggio D'Antona propone, infatti, una lettura possibile ma assiologicamente orientata della seconda parte dell'art. 39. L'interpretazione aperta consente di superare la consueta "divisione" in due blocchi normativi della norma ("equiordinazione interferente"): la seconda parte dell'art. 39 viene affrontata con un approccio non piů normativistico (il contratto collettivo come fonte) ma a partire dalle dinamiche organizzative (la rappresentanza) del sindacato. La capacitŕ intuitiva e di argomentazione rivivono, nelle pagine dell'allievo, attraverso memorie e suggestioni collocate intorno al «nocciolo duro» dell'ultima lezione del maestro.