bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hydrodynamic Properties of the Sun’s Giant Cellular Flows
Authors: Hathaway David H. , Upton Lisa A.
Published: February 2021

Measurements of the large cellular flows on the Sun were made by local correlation tracking of features (supergranules) seen in full-disk Doppler images obtained by the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) instrument on the NASA Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) satellite. Several improvements made to the local correlation tracking method allowed for more precise measurements of these flows. Measurements were made hourly over the nearly ten years of the mission-to-date. A four-hour time-lag between images was determined to give the best results as a compromise between increased feature displacement and decreased feature evolution. The hourly measurements were averaged over the 34 days that it takes to observe all longitudes at all latitudes to produce daily maps of the latitudinal and longitudinal velocities. Analyses of these flow maps reveal many interesting characteristics of these large cellular flows. While flows at all latitudes are largely in the form of vortices with left-handed helicity in the north and right-handed helicity in the south, there are key distinctions between the low-latitude and high-latitude cells. The low-latitude cells have roughly circular shapes, lifetimes of about one month, rotate nearly rigidly, do not drift in latitude, and do not exhibit any correlation between longitudinal and latitudinal flow. The high-latitude cells have long extensions that spiral inward toward the poles and can wrap nearly completely around the Sun. They have lifetimes of several months, rotate differentially with latitude, drift poleward at speeds approaching 2 m s−1, and have a strong correlation between prograde and equatorward flows. Spherical harmonic spectral analyses of maps of the divergence and curl of the flows confirm that the flows are dominated by the curl component with rms velocities of about 12 m s−1 at wavenumber ℓ = 10. Fourier transforms in time over 1024 daily records of the spherical harmonic spectra indicate two notable components—an m = ±ℓ feature representing the low-latitude component and an m = ±1 feature representing the high-latitude component. The dispersion relation for the low-latitude component is well represented by that derived for Rossby waves or r-modes. The high-latitude component has a constant temporal frequency for all ℓ indicating features advected by differential rotation at rates representative of the base of the convection zone high latitudes. The poleward motions of these features further suggest that the high-latitude meridional flow at the base of the convection zone is poleward—not equatorward.
Fermi-type Particle Acceleration from Magnetic Reconnection at the Termination Shock of a Relativistic Striped Wind
Authors: Lu Yingchao , Guo Fan , Kilian Patrick , Li Hui , Huang Chengkun , Liang Edison
Published: February 2021

An oblique-rotating pulsar generates a relativistic striped wind in a pulsar wind nebula (PWN). The termination shock of the PWN compresses the Poynting-flux-dominated flow and drives magnetic reconnection. By carrying out particle-in-cell simulations of the termination shock of the PWN, we study the shock structure as well as the energy conversion processes and particle acceleration mechanisms. With the recent advances in the numerical methods, we extend the simulations to the ultrarelativistic regime with a bulk Lorentz factor of up to γ
0 = 106. Magnetic reconnection at the termination shock is highly efficient at converting magnetic energy to particle kinetic energy and accelerating particles to high energies. Similar to earlier studies, we find that the resulting energy spectra crucially depend on λ/d

e
(λ is the wavelength of the striped wind and d

e
is the relativistic plasma skin depth). When λ/d

e
is large (λ ≳ 40d

e
), the downstream particle spectra form a power-law distribution in the magnetically dominated relativistic wind regime. By analyzing particle trajectories and statistical quantities relevant to particle energization, we find that Fermi-type mechanism dominates the particle acceleration and power-law formation. We find that the results for particle acceleration are scalable as γ
0 and σ
0 increase to large values. The maximum energy for electrons and positrons can reach hundreds of TeV if the wind has a bulk Lorentz factor of γ
0 ≈ 106 and a magnetization parameter of σ
0 = 10, which can explain the recent observations of high-energy gamma rays from PWNe.
Dynamical Formation of the GW190814 Merger
Authors: Arca Sedda Manuel
Published: February 2021

We investigate the possible dynamical origin of GW190814, a gravitational wave (GW) source discovered by the LIGO-Virgo-Kagra collaboration (LVC) associated with a merger between a stellar black hole (BH) with mass 23.2 M
⊙ and a compact object, either a BH or a neutron star (NS), with mass 2.59 M
⊙. Using a database of 240,000 N-body simulations modeling the formation of NS–BH mergers via dynamical encounters in dense clusters, we find that systems like GW190814 are likely to form in young, metal-rich clusters. Our model suggests that a little excess (∼2%–4%) of objects with masses in the range of 2.3–3 M
⊙ in the compact remnants’ mass spectrum leads to a detection rate for dynamically formed “GW190814 -like” mergers of ΓGW190814 ≃ 1–6 yr−1 Gpc−3, i.e., within the observational constraints set by the GW190814 discovery, ΓLVC ∼ 1–23 yr−1 Gpc−3. Additionally, our model suggests that ∼1.8%–4.8% of dynamical NS–BH mergers are compatible with GW190426_152155, the only confirmed NS–BH merger detected by the LVC. We show that the relative amount of light and heavy NS–BH mergers can provide clues about the environments in which they developed.
External Inverse-Compton Emission Associated with Extended and Plateau Emission of Short Gamma-Ray Bursts: Application to GRB 160821B
Authors: Zhang B. Theodore , Murase Kohta , Yuan Chengchao , Kimura Shigeo S. , Mészáros Peter
Published: February 2021

The recent detection of TeV photons from two gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), GRB 190114C and GRB 180720B, has opened a new window for multimessenger and multiwavelength astrophysics of high-energy transients. We study the origin of very high energy (VHE) γ-rays from the short GRB 160821B, for which the MAGIC Collaboration reported a ∼3σ statistical significance. Short GRBs are often accompanied by extended and plateau emission, which is attributed to internal dissipation resulting from activities of a long-lasting central engine, and Murase et al. (2018) recently suggested the external inverse-Compton (EIC) scenario for VHE counterparts of short GRBs and neutron star mergers. Applying this scenario to GRB 160821B, we show that the EIC flux can reach ∼10−12 erg cm−2 s−1 within a time period of ∼103–104 s, which is consistent with the MAGIC observations. EIC γ-rays expected during the extended and plateau emission will be detectable with greater significance by future detectors such as the Cerenkov Telescope Array. The resulting light curve has a distinguishable feature, where the VHE emission is predicted to reach the peak around the end of the seed photon emission.
On four species of the genus Argiope Audouin, 1826 (Araneae, Araneidae) from China
Authors: Wang Cheng , Gan Jiahui , Mi Xiaoqi
Published: February 2021

Based on morphological and molecular evidence, Argiope macrochoera Thorell, 1891 from China is found to be the unknown female of A. cameloides Zhu & Song, 1994, the known male of A. perforata Schenkel, 1963 is mismatched and provisionally suggested to be the male of A. boesenbergi Levi, 1983, and the true male of A. perforata Schenkel, 1963 is described for the first time. Argiope abramovi Logunov & Jäger, 2015 is suggested to be a synonym of A. perforata Schenkel, 1963. Argiope chloreides Chrysanthus, 1961 and A. vietnamensis Ono, 2010 are newly recorded from China. The unknown male of A. vietnamensis Ono, 2010 is described for the first time.
The genus Eriastichus La Salle (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae, Tetrastichinae) in the Neotropical region, introducing 48 new species
Authors: Hansson Christer
Published: February 2021

Our knowledge of the recently described genus Eriastichus La Salle is greatly enhanced with the addition of 48 new species: E. acribissp. nov., E. aphritissp. nov., E. cluridissp. nov., E. coelotissp. nov., E. colenissp. nov., E. copalensissp. nov., E. daptilissp. nov., E. decorissp. nov., E. denotatissp. nov., E. derilissp. nov., E. diadryssp. nov., E. dotaensissp. nov., E. drupissp. nov., E. ebulissp. nov., E. egrestissp. nov., E. eleagnissp. nov., E. ellipsissp. nov., E. eminissp. nov., E. facilissp. nov., E. fenestrissp. nov., E. follissp. nov., E. galeatissp. nov., E. geratissp. nov., E. glanissp. nov., E. hilarissp. nov., E. johnlasalleisp. nov., E. johnnoyesisp. nov., E. maniatissp. nov., E. nebulissp. nov., E. neonissp. nov., E. nexilissp. nov., E. novalissp. nov., E. nugalissp. nov., E. oasissp. nov., E. ononissp. nov., E. orestissp. nov., E. pallidopssp. nov., E. parabilissp. nov., E. renodissp. nov., E. rivalissp. nov., E. sannionissp. nov., E. scalarissp. nov., E. sodalissp. nov., E. taraxissp. nov., E. tendrilissp. nov., E. tonioazofeifaisp. nov., E. velaminissp. nov., and E. vestissp. nov. All species are known only from males, and all material is from Costa Rica. Females show little morphological variation and are not possible to separate to species or link to conspecific males at present. Apart from the diagnostic features for the genus presented in the original description, two new autapomorphies are introduced here: an inflated pleural membrane between Gt1-4 and Gs1-4, and tufts of pale and flattened setae laterally on Gt4-6. Both features are found on the gaster and are present in both sexes. The distribution of the genus is firmly established as predominantly neotropical. The biology remains unknown.
Producción científica sobre Fotografía en las revistas de Documentación (2000-2019)
Authors: Sánchez-Vigil Juan Miguel , Salvador-Benítez Antonia , Olivera-Zaldua María
Published: February 2021

Los estudios científicos sobre Fotografía se difunden generalmente en las publicaciones de Comunicación, Arte e Historia. Sin embargo, las revistas de Documentación son también, hipotéticamente, fuente de información para la investigación en la materia, especialmente en lo que se refiere al tratamiento y análisis (conservación, catalogación, digitalización y difusión). Bibliotecas, archivos, museos, fundaciones, institutos y empresas conservan un importante patrimonio fotográfico susceptible de ser reutilizado en diversos usos y aplicaciones. Es objeto de este artículo analizar la producción científica sobre Fotografía en las principales revistas de Documentación en los últimos veinte años (2000-2019), con el fin de obtener información sobre autoría, contenidos y temáticas específicas. La investigación ha permitido conocer que los trabajos son escasos, resultando 146 artículos de 161 autores pertenecientes a 61 instituciones públicas y privadas, en los que se analizan contenidos centrados en dieciséis materias generales. Se observa, como principales conclusiones, la necesidad de profundizar en la investigación sobre Fotografía desde el punto de vista documental, y prestar una mayor atención por parte de los editores a los descriptores o palabras clave de los artículos, con el fin de una mayor y mejor recuperación de la información.
Call for Papers for a special i-JAC issue devoted to cross-cultural communication and diversity in corporate e-learning
Authors: Merl Christina , Kerr Barbara
Published: February 2021

We are pleased to announce the first call for papers for a special issue devoted to cross-cultural communication and diversity in corporate e-learning.
Mobile MSN Messenger: Still a Complement?
Authors: Nyberg Marcus , Chincholle Didier
Published: February 2021

In order to understand how mobile instant messaging services can fit into the usersâ?? current communication behavior, Ericsson Research performed a qualitative user study in Sweden in May 2007. The results showed that the respondents were positive towards (free of charge) mobile MSN Messenger and perceived it as an ex¬tension of the computer-based version that could be used anywhere. However, although MSN Messenger on the com¬puter definitely was considered as a â??must-haveâ?? application, the mobile version was only perceived as a â??nice-to-haveâ?? application and a complement to text mes¬saging (SMS). Almost one year later, in April 2008, Ericsson Research performed a short qualita¬tive follow-up study with the same set of respondents to un¬derstand if and how the mobile MSN Messenger usage had changed. The results actually revealed that none of the re¬spondents used mobile MSN Messenger anymore as the application no longer was free of charge. On a general level, the study highlights important considera¬tions when intro¬ducing computer-based concepts and Internet services in a mo¬bile environment.
Ipragliflozin, an SGLT2 Inhibitor, Ameliorates High-Fat Diet-Induced Metabolic Changes by Upregulating Energy Expenditure through Activation of the AMPK/ SIRT1 Pathway
Authors: Lee Ji-Yeon , Lee Minyoung , Lee Ji Young , Bae Jaehyun , Shin Eugene , Lee Yong-ho , Lee Byung-Wan , Kang Eun Seok , Cha Bong-Soo
Published: February 2021

Background: Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a new class of antidiabetic drugs that exhibit multiple extraglycemic effects. However, there are conflicting results regarding the effects of SGLT2 inhibition on energy expenditure and thermogenesis. Therefore, we investigated the effect of ipragliflozin (a selective SGLT2 inhibitor) on energy metabolism.Methods: Six-week-old male 129S6/Sv mice with a high propensity for adipose tissue browning were randomly assigned to three groups: normal chow control, 60% high-fat diet (HFD)-fed control, and 60% HFD-fed ipragliflozin-treated groups. The administration of diet and medication was continued for 16 weeks.Results: The HFD-fed mice became obese and developed hepatic steatosis and adipose tissue hypertrophy, but their random glucose levels were within the normal ranges; these features are similar to the metabolic features of a prediabetic condition. Ipragliflozin treatment markedly attenuated HFD-induced hepatic steatosis and reduced the size of hypertrophied adipocytes to that of smaller adipocytes. In the ipragliflozin treatment group, uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1) and other thermogenesis-related genes were significantly upregulated in the visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue, and fatty acid oxidation was increased in the brown adipose tissue. These effects were associated with a significant reduction in the insulin-to-glucagon ratio and the activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) pathway in the liver and adipose tissue.Conclusion: SGLT2 inhibition by ipragliflozin showed beneficial metabolic effects in 129S6/Sv mice with HFD-induced obesity that mimics prediabetic conditions. Our data suggest that SGLT2 inhibitors, through their upregulation of energy expenditure, may have therapeutic potential in prediabetic obesity.
Petroclival meningioma: Management strategy and results in 21st century
Authors: Kankane Vivek , Misra Basant
Published: February 2021

Background: Petroclival meningioma (PCM) is considered among the most difficult tumors to be treated by microneurosurgery because of its location and its relation to critical structures. The authors report on the outcome in a series of patients with PCM treated in the new millennium with a tailored approach of gross total excision or subtotal removal and adjuvant Gamma Knife Radiosurgery (GKR) depending on the particular case. Methods: Between 2001 and 2017, 72 consecutive PCMs were operated in a single center by the senior surgeon. Clinical presentation, operative approaches, intraoperative findings, complications, and imaging findings were retrospectively analyzed. Postoperative outcome, adjuvant Gamma knife, and follow-up findings were reviewed. Results: The average age was 47.95 years, and female-to-male ratio was 52:20. Cavernous sinus extension was present in 21 patients. The mean duration of follow-up was 66.65 months. Gross-total resection, near-total resection (NTR), and subtotal resection (STR) resection was achieved in 30, 24, and 18 (42.8%, 34.28%, and 25%) patients, respectively, with recurrences of 10%, 33%, and 50%, respectively. Twenty-two patients (18 STR and 4 NTR) had received postoperative GKR. Only four patients had recurrences following GKR. New cranial nerve deficits were more common in patients in whom a total resection was performed. There was no mortality. Conclusions: Gross total excision had the best recurrence free rate though with a higher morbidity. Upfront GKR is advisable in patients with residual tumor, if the preoperative temporal course had a rapid symptomatology, to reduce recurrence. Wait and watch for a small intracavernous residue and radiosurgery on growth is also a valid option as long as follow-up is not suspect. A flexible approach of individualizing the treatment protocol for a given patient goes a long way toward optimal outcome.
Influence of pendimethalin and hand weeding on mineral composition of maize, cowpea and their intercrop
Authors: Lawal Amudalat Ranti , Olayinka Bolaji Umar , Abdulra’uf Lukman Bola , Etejere Emmanuel Obukohwo
Published: February 2021

Weed competition has been a major challenge limiting crop yield especially in intercropping systems. Information on the use of chemicals for weed control in intercropping systems appears scanty. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of pendimethalin (P) at 1 kg active ingredient/ha, and hand weeding (HW) on mineral contents of the harvested grains and effects of various weed control treatments in maize, cowpea, and their intercrop. Field experiments were carried out during the 2017 and 2018 rainy seasons. The field layout followed complete randomized block design with three replicates. There were eight treatments: Sole Maize/Cowpea + P, Sole Maize/Cowpea + P + 1HW at 3 weeks after sowing (WAS), Sole Maize/Cowpea + P+ 2HW at 3 and 6 weeks after sowing (WAS), Sole Maize/Cowpea weedy check, Intercrop + P, Intercrop + P + 1HW at 3WAS, Intercrop + P + 2HW at 3 and 6 WAS and Intercrop weedy check. It was observed that, P+1HW and P+2HW in both cropping systems have significant effects (p<0.05) and effectively control weed and increase the mineral contents in maize, cowpea, and their respective intercrop. The study revealed that, the mineral composition of maize and cowpea grains were improved by using pendimethalin with supplementary hand weeding. The study recommends that farmers should adopt intercropping maize with cowpea using pendimethalin plus one supplementary hand weeding at 3 WAS.
Pupils’ Perceptions and Suggestions for the Improvement of Distance Education in Greece
Authors: Angelaki Maria Eftychia , Karvounidis Theodoros , Douligeris Christos
Published: February 2021

During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, Greek schools were closed, and for the first time in Greece, distance education has been implemented using mostly technological means. This work aims to capture the Greek pupils' perceptions and suggestions on the transition from a face-to-face educational process to a pure distance synchronous and asynchronous education implementation. Data have been collected by 41 pupils via an online questionnaire on a volunteer basis. The purpose of the questionnaire was to identify the pupils' learning challenges and unforeseen benefits connected to the offered distance education. The assessment revealed that the majority of the pupils, although they consider distance education as necessary and useful, do not want to replace the traditional means of education. The pupils suggested that the entire process should be stricter in terms of class schedule, assignment submission, and presence requirements and should be enhanced by incorporating better and more "vivid" e-teaching tools.
Impact of Economic Policy Uncertainty on Renewable Energy Growth
Authors: Appiah-Otoo Isaac
Published: February 2021

This study examines the effect of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) on renewable energy (RE) growth for 20 countries using data for the 2000 to 2018 period. Our findings indicate that EPU has an insignificant negative effect on RE growth. The results from the causality analysis indicate no evidence of causality between EPU and RE growth.
HOSPITAL STATISTICS AS A MEASURE OF EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF HOSPITAL RESOURCES IN OBAFEMI AWOLOWO UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL, ILE-IFE, OSUN STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Osundina Kayode , Faleye Adebolu
Published: February 2021

This study examined the significance of hospital statistics in measuring effectiveness of hospital resources in Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex (OAUTHC), Ile-Ife, Osun State. The study made use of secondary sources of data where the basic hospital statistics such as daily admissions, discharges, deaths, patients’ days, average census/ average daily bed occupied, patients’ average length of stay, percentage of occupancy, turnover interval and daily attendance. The study showed that major hindrances for effective statistics in the hospital lack of understanding of the fundamental usefulness of statistics in planning, research, training and budgeting for national sustainable development. This study identified low level of understanding of the significance of statistics. Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are suggested for policy implementation: This study identified low level of understanding of the significance of statistics, hence, there is need for more awareness creation on the importance of statistics among members of the hospital that are involved in the completion and submission of the various forms where hospital statistics are generated through seminars, conferences and workshops Health information officers and other units such as the laboratories and the nursing departments need to be re-educated on the need for timely submission of statistics generated in the various units and sections. The hospital management needs to formulate policies that will support accurate and complete statistics from the various units that can be used for effective planning and informed decision making. The hospital management should endeavour to motivate the units and department that submit their reports promptly for collation in the form of training and other incentive that will encourage the same spirit among the concerned units and department respectively.
Relationships between International Buyers and Farmers: Insights from Tonga’s Vanilla Industry
Authors: Sisifa Sisikula Palutea , Stringer Christina
Published: February 2021

Integration into value chains is a vital step for Tonga to achieve its development aspirations. Despite several geographical constraints, Tonga is the eighth largest global producer of vanilla. Tongan smallholder vanilla farmers are being integrated into value chains through two regional lead firms. This study examines this integration process and highlights how international buying firms could adopt culturally sensitive engagement practices to strengthen their connections with farmers. In particular, the study highlights the pivotal role of women in the pollination process and, by extension, in the expansion of the vanilla sector.
Hybrid Chronicles: Biracial and Biethnic Perspectives on the Pedagogy of Unlearning Racism
Authors: Wahab Stéphanie , Gibson Sunshine
Published: February 2021

This article details an autoethnography project of our odysseys into the pedagogy of unlearning racism. Our know ledge creation process forced us to re-envision both our locations in, and pedagogy of, anti-racism work, with particular attention to the challenges and dangers of teaching about, to, and from White privilege within social work. In the end, we are both troubled and invigorated by what we experienced, witnessed, and supported. By asking people of color to share their personal narratives of racism in the presence of Whites, teachers, facilitators, and diversity trainers stand to continue privileging Whiteness where Whites benefit and learn at the expense of people of color.
Laughing with and at Patients : The Roles of Laughter in Confrontations in Addiction Group Therapy
Authors: Arminen Ilkka , Halonen Mia
Published: February 2021

In Minnesota treatment, the therapists aim at breaking clients' denial to encourage them to accept their addiction. However, the confrontation is risky since, instead of making the patient ready for a change, it may strengthen resistance against the diagnosis of addiction and the treatment recommendations. We will explore the role of laughter in confrontational practices. The study is based on conversation analysis of group therapy sessions in an inpatient addiction treatment clinic in Finland (7.5 hours of data altogether). The laughter prevails in three different kinds of practice: laughing off the troubles, strengthening the confrontation by laughing at the patient, and ameliorating the confrontation. Laughter is a flexible device for preventing or resolving the possible risks of confrontation.
Qualitative Research and Consumer Policy: Focus Group Discussions as a Form of Consumer Participation
Authors: Heiskanen Eva , Järvelä Katja , Pulliainen Annukka , Saastamoinen Mika
Published: February 2021

This paper describes our ongoing attempts to involve consumers in innovation and technology policy by means of a national Consumer Panel, using focus group discussions as the primary method of consumer participation. We evaluate our experiences of the usefulness of focus group discussions in this context by considering two examples of studies focused on product safety. We evaluate the usefulness of this method in promoting consumer empowerment, deliberation, and multivocality in the assessment of new technologies and innovations. We also raised some critical questions that require further analysis and discussion.
Midlife Metamorphosis
Authors: Evans Patricia
Published: February 2021

The study was conducted in response to the need for an increased understanding of the aging experiences of women transitioning midlife. The purpose of the research was to explore the personal understanding of the changes that occur during the midlife period. A qualitative case study was implemented to ascertain how women of the Latter-day Saint (LDS) faith experience the midlife transition. The narratives of 10 LDS women ages 35 to 65 were obtained through personal interviews. The data were analyzed from a feminist, social constructionist, and narrative perspective using Chenail’s Qualitative Matrix as a formal coding system to guide the process of analysis and reporting (Col e, 1994). The findings indicate that the younger cohort had inner conflict s; those in the middle age cohort experienced role confusion; and the oldest cohort experienced generativity. These findings may suggest that a positive metamorphosis takes place in women during the midlife transition.
Ethical Challenges in Participant Observation: A Reflection on Ethnographic Fieldwork
Authors: Li Jun
Published: February 2021

In this essay I reflect on the ethical challenges of ethnographic fieldwork I personally experienced in a female gambling study. By assuming a covert research role, I was able to observe natural occurrences of female gambling activities but unable to make peace with disturbing feelings of my research concealment. By making my study overt, I was able to fulfill ethical obligations as a researcher but unable to get female gamblers to speak their minds. I responded to such ethical dilemmas by adjusting the level of involvement, participating in female gambling culture as an insider and observing it as an outsider. This fieldwork suggests that the ethics of participant observation should be addressed in relation to the sensitivity of the research topic, the vulnerability of the researched individuals, and the plasticity of field membership roles.
Los comentarios del Inca y la leyenda del Perú
Authors: Coello Óscar
Published: February 2021

El presente artículo busca enlazar la leyenda original del Perú con la narración artística del país de los incas que propone Garcilaso en los Comentarios reales. Tras rememorar la leyenda del Perú a inicios del siglo XVI, da cuenta de algunos de los relatos fabulosos que ya venían en el imaginario de los descubridores de América; después, trata del surgimiento de las leyendas híbridas, españolas e indias, que aparecieron tras la toma de Cajamarca. Y ya en el tema central, apoyado en el relato previo de la búsqueda de la Florida o leyenda de la Fuente de la Juventud que hace el Inca, se destacan algunos rasgos artísticos de la hermosa leyenda del Perú que se despliega en los Comentarios reales.
Algunos buenos libros del 2009
Authors: Zavaleta Carlos Eduardo
Published: February 2021

El año 2010 está aún por la mitad, pero yo recuerdo todavía algunos buenos libros del año previo, el 2009. Eso sí, desde el comienzo debo decir que ésta no es una nota bibliográfica, género en verdad tan respetable como otros, pero quizá aquí muy descuidado o relegado, en vez de ser puntual y minucioso.

Recuerdo, por ejemplo, que en la edición de nuestra ya lejana revista generacional Letras peruanas (1951-1964), dirigida por Jorge Puccinelli, los entonces jóvenes escritores nos iniciamos casi obligatoriamente trabajando en la sección “Entre libros”, título tomado de Alfonso Reyes y que encabezaba nuestro florilegio de notas. Hoy releo los nombres de Alberto Escobar, Wáshington Delgado, Abelardo Oquendo, Víctor Li Carrillo, Manuel Jesús Baquerizo, incluso el mío propio, o el de aquel periodista Fernández Arce, quien se fue a vivir por décadas a China. I labia inclusive cierto honor en empezar por abajo.
Empirics of Agricultural Production: Comparison of Instrumental Variable and Two Stage Least Square Approach
Authors:   Iqra University, Warsi Asif
Published: February 2021

The study uses data for a set of 81 countries from World Development Indicators from year 2002 to 2015 while applied 2SLS and Instrumental variable approach to estimate the coefficients associated with standard production function of agricultural production and compares its results with the coefficients obtained through OLS. The argument behind this approach that in the standard form, capital is likely to be endogenous in the production function and if it is true, the coefficients obtained through OLS would be inconsistent. Capital is found to be endogenous in the study. It is also noticed as endogeneity exist in our framework and the causal relationships can be controlled through instrumental variable approach (I.V.). The coefficients from I.V approach and 2SLS are compared with OLS estimates. I.V and 2SLS coefficients are found to be slightly different however, the obtained coefficients through both approaches are more reliable than the coefficients obtained through OLS. It is suggested therefore that the approaches like I.V approach and 2SLS should be employed in the studies pertaining to this area of research.
Dynamics of Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate vs. C – reactive protein: Peas in a Pod or Chalk and Cheese?
Authors:   Division of Infectious Diseases, General Medicine Department, Suhar hospital, Suhar, Sultanate of Oman, Eatemadi Arash
Published: February 2021

Acute phase reactants have a supplementary role in the management of hospitalized patients with fever. While not perfect tools, they have some role in formulating a diagnostic and therapeutic plan and may improve antimicrobial stewardship. The Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP), while not specific enough to establish a diagnosis, can be helpful in guiding the intensity and duration of anti-infective therapy. However, they have different dynamics during inflammations and infections.
Abordagem Reflexiva do Desenvolvimento do Amapá no Período de 1988 a 2018
Authors: Mendonça Edilena De Moura , Melo Vico Denis Sousa de
Published: February 2021

O estudo realizado na temática política pública, intitulada como: “Abordagem Reflexiva do Desenvolvimento do Amapá no Período de 1988 a 2018: Trinta Anos de Estado” apresenta a realidade de um Estado após a emancipação e elevação a categoria de unidade federada do Brasil, com levantamento de dados que apontam o grau de evolução conquistado nesse período, objetivando entender a condição de subdesenvolvimento, considerando todas as potencialidades dos recursos naturais e projetos de investimento, bem como a busca da compreensão que levou ao desequilíbrio das contas públicas fragilizando a economia e ampliando as desigualdades sociais.O método dialético foi utilizado numa perspectiva de busca de dados quantitativos para servir de base para qualificar a análise reflexiva da abordagem, tendo como fontes obras literárias, indicadores socioeconômicos de órgãos e oficiais, documentos e relatórios do Governo do Estado do Amapá, por meio da Secretaria de Estado da Fazenda e da Secretaria de Estado do Planejamento. Os teóricos abordados, entre outros, são: Gil (2008); Oliveira (2004); Teixeira (2005); Vergara (2005); Lima (2019); Vidal et al (2019); Santiago (2015); Beaud (2004); Weber (2006); Campos (2018). Os resultados demonstram a necessidade de reestruturação administrativa do Governo para reorganização e execução das políticas públicas com maior eficiência e consciência nos gastos públicos.
Comparative Analysis of the C4.5 Algorithm and the Nearest Neighbor for the Number of Prospective New Student Registrants
Authors: Wati Nursetia , Ibrahim Irawan
Published: February 2021

In 2015, the number of registrants for new student candidates at Muhammadiyah University of Gorontalo, has increased about 20% - 50% from the last year in 2014, but when it starts from 2017/2018 of the academic year the number of new student candidates who registered was only around 4,713 students for bachelor’s and there is 1,256 students for Bachelor’s Degree, while in the academic year of 2018/2019 bachelor’s degree students were only 765 and bachelor’s students were around 4,187, it is known as a decline from the previous year. This study, aims to help to predict the number of prospective of the new students who will enroll in the following of the academic year by analyzing the comparison of the C4.5 and Nearest Neighbor Algorithms with comparing two of algorithms to get the best results. In the C4.5 and Nearest Neighbor Algorithms, it is necessary to be able to see some patterns from the data about the prospective students, then, they can produce the predictions of the number of prospective students who can help in increasing the number of prospective students that is according to the target achievements of Muhammadiyah University of Gorontalo (UMG) itself.
Proximal side optimization in crush stenting. A step-by-step technical approach
Authors: Lavarra Francesco , Davide	Sala Davide , Sirbu Vasile
Published: February 2021

In simple bifurcation lesions provisional single stent strategy remains the standard of care. While complex bifurcations, defined based on the 1) Side Branch (SB) lesion length of > 10 mm and 2) SB ostial diameter stenosis of >70% are approached with a 2-DES strategy upfront. The Crush techniques which are composed of the classic Crush, mini-Crush and double kissing Crush (DK-Crush) share the core principle of protruding the SB DES within the Main Branch (MB) to minimize the risk of ostial SB restenosis, which remains the most prevalent etiology of stent failure during 2-stent approach in bifurcations. Proximal SB optimization (PSO) is an additional technical consideration to further optimize the protruding SB struts enabling 1) optimal SB strut accommodation to the larger MB vessel diameter, 2) strut enlargement that will further facilitate effortless rewiring for kissing balloon inflation (KBI) avoiding unfavorable guide wire advancement in the peri-ostial SB area.
Complex PCI after bypass grafts failure
Authors: Brezeanu Radu , Bucsa Adrian , Stanica Gabriel , Beladan Carmen , Ginghina Carmen , Deleanu Dan , Predescu Lucian
Published: February 2021

The recurrence of ischemic events in patients with prior coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) is an actual and challenging problem. Advances in surgical techniques and intensive care treatment have decreased the short-term mortality after CABG. Nevertheless, the increase in age and comorbidities of patients referred for CABG impacts the likelihood of graft degeneration or graft failure. More patients are referred to the cardiologist after CABG for the recurrence of symptoms. Particularities in the diagnosis and treatment of these patients need to be considered by the interventional cardiologist to ensure good angiographic and clinical results.
Qualidade de vida e condições ergonômicas em trabalhadores de um laboratório de saúde pública
Authors: Felício Hilda Aparecida , Nardi Susilene Maria Tonelli , da Silva Paula Pryscilla Mychelle , Paro Pedro Heloisa da Silveira , Paschoal Vânia Del’Arco
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade de vida, a presença de dor e as condições ergonômicas dos profissionais de um laboratório de saúde pública. Métodos: Estudo transversal e descritivo que avaliou 49 (90,7%) profissionais de um laboratório de saúde pública, entre julho de 2014 e setembro de 2015, por meio de dados sociodemográficos e dos protocolos Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) e Escala Visual Analógica da Dor (EVA). Para a análise descritiva das variáveis clínicas e sociodemográficas e a associação dos dados, utilizou-se o EPI Info, versão 7.2, considerando significantes p<0,05. O software Ergolândia, versão 6.0, analisou o resultado/escore Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA). Resultados: Predomínio do sexo feminino (93,1%), casadas (57,1%), com média de idade 42,7(DP 13,4), 15 anos de estudo e renda acima de três salários (61,2%). Os participantes que apresentaram baixa qualidade de vida relacionada à “saúde mental” tiveram maior risco ergonômico avaliado pelo RULA (p<0,05). Nenhum participante apresentou postura laboral aceitável. Todos (100%) tinham algum grau de dor. As dores moderada e intensa têm relação de forma negativa com a qualidade de vida nos seguintes domínios do SF-36: “estado geral de saúde”, “dor,” “vitalidade” e “saúde mental” (p<0,05). Conclusão: Todos os participantes apresentam alguma dor, independente da idade ou da função. A saúde física autorrelatada e os escores obtidos por meio da EVA revelaram que as dores moderada e intensa influenciam de forma negativa a qualidade de vida e, de acordo com o RULA, nenhum participante apresenta postura laboral aceitável.
Affirming the Imamate
Authors: Madelung W. , Walker Paul E.
Published: February 2021

The two sermons edited and translated here for the first time are primary material from the years before the establishment of the Fatimid caliphate in 297/909. The authors have been identified as Abu ‘Abd Allah al-Shi‘i and Abu’l-‘Abbas Muhammad, two brothers who were central to the success of the Ismaili da’wa in North Africa. Da’wa, a term used to describe how Muslims teach others about the beliefs and practices of their Islamic faith, therefore provide a unique view of the nature and development of Islam throughout history. In this case, the primary texts shed light on the development of Islam among the Berbers of the Maghreb.

The first text by Abu ‘Abd Allah al-Shi‘i shows how the arguments for belief in the ‘imamate’ of the family of the Prophet, that is, the Shi’a belief that all imams should be spiritual descendants of the Prophet Muhammad and his household, were developed and presented to bring new adherents to the cause. The Book of the Keys to Grace by his elder brother Abu’l-‘Abbas, too, concerns not only the centrality of the imam in the faith but also sheds light on the hierarchy of the da’wa in this early period and its organisational sophistication.

Both texts also reveal the contemporary theology propagated by the Ismaili da’wa, including for instance, the powerful analogy of Moses/Aaron and Muhammad/‘Ali, the awareness of a variety of religious traditions and the use of detailed Qur’anic quotations and a wide range of hadith. As such they constitute primary source material of interest not only for Ismaili history but for this early period of Islam in general.
Constructing Race on the Borders of Europe
Authors: Morton Marsha , Larson Barbara
Published: February 2021

Constructing Race on the Borders of Europe investigates the visual imagery of race construction in Scandinavia, Austro Hungary, Germany, and Russia. It covers a period when historic disciplines of ethnography and anthropology were expanding and theorists of race were debating competing conceptions of biological, geographic, linguistic, and cultural determinants. Beginning in 1850 and extending into the early 21st century, this book explores how paintings, photographs, prints, and other artistic media engaged with these discourses and shaped visual representations of subordinate ethnic populations and material cultures in countries associated with theorizations of white identity.

The chapters contribute to postcolonial research by documenting the colonial-style treatment of minority groups, by exploring the anomalies and complexities that emerge when binary systems are seen from the perspective of the fine and applied arts, and by representing the voices of those who produced images or objects that adopted, altered, or critiqued ethnographic and anthropological information. In doing so, Constructing Race on the Borders of Europe uncovers instances of unexpected connections, establishes the fabricated nature of ethnic identity, and challenges the certainties of racial categorization.
Women on the Verge of a Nervous Breakdown
Authors: Evans Peter William
Published: February 2021

Pedro Almodóvar’s 1988 black comedy-melodrama Women on the Verge of a Nervous Breakdown established its director as one of the most exciting of European film-making talents. An often hilarious study of sexual mores, Women on the Verge has a central character, Pepa (Carmen Maura), as warm and richly drawn as any modern film heroine. Made strong and self-reliant by suffering in a troubled relationship, Pepa is the centre of a network of lovers, friends and family who represent a vivid cross-section of Spanish society.

Peter William Evans provides a formidable analysis of Almodóvar’s insights into gender, sexuality and identity. Evans sees Women on the Verge as concerned with the often tyrannical spell of sexual desire and the anxieties of relationships and families, but also with the possibilities for personal liberation. He discusses the film in the context of the history of Spain and the social revolution that occurred after the death of Franco.

In his foreword to this new edition, Evans reflects upon Women on the Verge in the light of Almodóvar’s subsequent films, and the impact of Carmen Maura’s performance as Pepa on the representation of women in Spanish cinema.
Preliminary Study on the Performance of Two Chemistry Classes Subjected to Self-recorded Videos and Traditional Face-to-face Learning
Authors:   Center for American Education, INTI International University, Persiaran Bandar BaruNilai, Nilai, Malaysia., Chong Mee Yoke , YCY Evyan ,   School of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Science and Technology, Nilai University, Persiaran Bandar Baru Nilai, Nilai, Malaysia.
Published: February 2021

Nowadays, most of the educators in higher institutions adopt videos in their subjects as a powerful teaching tool. The educators integrate video into the teaching of analytical, instrumental and organic laboratory classes aside from other teaching tools such as case study and flipped classroom. The adoption of video as a teaching tool is inspired by their inability to apply it to the real-life owing to the ambiguity on the chemistry concepts among the undergraduate students. Also, it creates an active learning environment among the undergraduate students. Therefore, a preliminary study is conducted to compare the effect of self-recorded chemistry educational videos and the traditional face-to-face learning. The comparison is investigated on the performance of two classes of Chemistry students at INTI International University, by measuring the percent of correctness. In conclusion, based on the preliminary study, the use of self-recorded videos by the instructor is evidently enhance the performance of the class of students. Therefore, further research will be conducted to validate the hypothesis.
Catheter-Related Ascites in a Preterm Infant
Authors: Patel Shachi , Walyat Nitan , Manzar Shabih
Published: February 2021

We are reporting a case of neonatal ascites secondary to misplacement of umbilical venous catheter. The case is supported by the literature review.
Islamic Law And Indonesianness: Critical Study Of Graduations Dissertations Of Doctorate Program Of Islamic Law Islamic University Of Indonesia Yogyakarta
Authors: Yusdani Yusdani , Arfaizar Januariansyah , Rizki Muh
Published: February 2021

The article below tries to investigate the result of dissertations that have been written by the students of doctorate program of Islamic law, the Faculty of Islamic Studies, Islamic University of Indonesia Yogyakarta from 2012-2019. This study's objective was to map the result of the study of Islamic Law and Indonesian-ness of students dissertations from 2012-2019 about 19 dissertations from the academic core point of view regarding Islamic law and Indonesianness. This research's main problem was how do (did) the students mentioned above finish their dissertation of Islamic Law, and what the characteristic of approach and methodology did they apply in the dissertation. This research’s approach and methodology have been integrated social sciences (sociology) and humanity sciences (history and anthropology), and the analysis that applied was qualitative analysis with interactive model. The result of this study has been revealed that the number of dissertations that have been produced during 2012-2019 regarding dissertations with the theme of Islamic legal and Indonesian studies. The dissertations that be sources are dissertations of Doctorate Program the Faculty of Islamic Studies Islamic University of Indonesia. The contributions of these dissertations to enrich of a database on Islamic law and Indonesian-ness. From the dissertations, there are several variants of themes, scientific fields, approaches, and analysis of Islamic law and Indonesianness studies. In the study of the dissertation's quality, this research found that it still needed to be developed further to answer the issues that were very important in the study of Islamic law and Indonesian. There needs to be encouragement from various parties to conduct dissertation studies or research that more focused on the study of Islamic and Indonesian law to make a real contribution to the development of Islamic law and Indonesian.