bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antiproliferative Activity and Characterization of Metabolites of Aspergillus nidulans: An Endophytic Fungus from Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Linn. Against Three Human Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Sana Talea , Siddiqui Bina S. , Shahzad Saleem , Farooq Ahsana D. , Siddiqui Faheema , Sattar Samia , Begum Sabira
Published: August 2018

Background:

Endophytic fungi are receiving attention as sources of structurally novel
bioactive secondary metabolites towards drug discovery from natural products. This study reports
the isolation and characterization of secondary metabolites from an endophytic fungus Aspergillus
nidulans, associated with Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Linn., a plant which has a traditional use to
cure many ailments including cancer.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to evaluate the antiproliferative activity of the metabolites
of A. nidulans from N. arbor-tristis on three human cancer cell lines, lung (NCI-H460),
breast (MCF-7) and uterine cervix (HeLa), and carry out their characterization.

Methods:

The extracts of the endophytic fungus cultured on potato dextrose agar were subjected
to various chromatographic techniques. Structures of pure compounds were determined using
spectroscopic techniques. The non-polar constituents were analyzed by GC-MS. Antiproliferative
activity was determined by sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay.

Results:

The extracts and fractions showed moderate to good growth inhibition of the aforementioned
human cancer cell lines. The broth extract was most potent (IC50 = 10 ± 3.1 μg/mL and
LC50= 95 ± 3.9) against HeLa whereas petroleum ether insoluble fraction of mycelium was most
active against NCI-H460 and MCF-7 (IC50 = 10 ± 2.1 µg/mL and 18 ± 3.1 µg/mL respectively).
GC-MS led to identify 12 compounds in mycelium and 19 compounds in broth. Four pure compounds
were isolated and characterized one compound 5, 10-dihydrophenazine-1-carboxylic acid
(1) from broth and three 1-hydroxy-3-methylxanthone (2), ergosterol (3) and sterigmatocystin (4)
from mycelium. 1 has not been reported earlier as a plant/fungal metabolite while 2-4 are new
from this source. Sterigmatocystin exhibited growth inhibitory effect (IC50 = 50 ± 2.5 µM/mL)
against only MCF-7 cell line whereas other compounds had IC50 > 100.

Conclusions:

In this paper, the cytotoxicity of mycelium and broth constituents of endophytic
fungus Aspergillus nidulans from Nyctanthes arbor-tristis is reported for the first time. The study
shows that fungus Aspergillus nidulans from Nyctanthes arbor-tristis is capable of producing biologically
active natural compounds and provides a scientific rationale for further chemical investigations
of endophyte-producing natural products.
Paracrine Mechanisms Involved in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation into Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Farzaneh Maryam , Rahimi Fatemeh , Alishahi Masoumeh , Khoshnam Seyed E.
Published: August 2018

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the world-wide healthcare problem that involves the heart or blood vessels. CVD includes myocardial infarction and coronary artery diseases (CAD). Dysfunctional myocardial cells are leading causes of low cardiac output or ventricular dysfunction after cardiac arrest and may contribute to the progression of CVD which could not generate new cardiomyocytes in human adult heart. The mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) which are present in adult marrow can self-renew and have the capacity of differentiation into multiple types of cells including cardiomyocytes. Recent biochemical analyses greatly revealed that several regulators of MSCs, such as HGF, PDGF, Wnt, and Notch-1 signaling pathways have been shown to be involved in the proliferation and differentiation into cardiomyocytes. Preclinical studies are paving the way for further applications of MSCs in the repair of myocardial infarction. In this study, we discuss and summarize the paracrine mechanisms involved in MSCs differentiation into cardiomyocytes.
The Matrix Metalloproteinases Panel in Multiple Sclerosis Patients Treated with Natalizumab: A Possible Answer to Natalizumab Non- Responders
Authors: Balasa Rodica , Bianca Ciurba , Septimiu Voidezan , Iunius Simu , Adina Hutanu , Sebastian Andone , Andreea Romaniuc , Anca Motataianu , Smaranda Maier
Published: August 2018

Background:

In the lymphocyte migration across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in multiple
sclerosis (MS), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play an important role in the degradation of the basal
membrane. Natalizumab (NAT), a monoclonal antibody, binds to the alpha-4 (α4) integrin leading
to BBB impermeability. Approximately 30% of NAT-treated patients show clinical or MRI signs of
BBB disruption.

Objective:

To determine whether NAT significantly influences the MMPs serum levels and to what
extent these could be used as biomarkers in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients.

Materials and Methods:

This prospective study over a period of 8 months of NAT treatment, included
30 RRMS patients (mean age 38 ± 6 years; mean MS duration 12 ± 5 years), of which ten were initially
naive to NAT and 15 were healthy controls. We determined the serum levels of the MMPs Panel
(MMP1, MMP2, MMP3, MMP7, MMP8, MMP9, MMP10, MMP12, and MMP13) quantified by a
multiplex method at the beginning and end of the study.

Results:

After 8 months of NAT treatment, a statistically significant decrease was found in MMP9,
MMP2, MMP3, MMP8, and MMP10 levels. Relapses during the study were correlated with a variation
of MMP12 and MMP13 serum levels. MMP9 had the most numerous correlations with the EDSS
score, Rio score, and duration of NAT treatment. MMPs signature (the sum of all MMPs) and the
MMP9/MMP2 ratio significantly decreased during the study.

Conclusion:

1. The serum level of MMP9 significantly decreased by NAT treatment and correlates
with MS activity; 2. After eight months of NAT treatment, the MMPs signature and the MMP9/MMP2
ratio decreased; 3. MMP9 might be used as a biomarker in MS patients treated with NAT.
Synthesis and Anticonvulsant Activity of 3-(alkylamino, alkoxy)-1,3,4,5- Tetrahydro-2H-benzo [b] azepine-2-one Derivatives
Authors: Huang Xia , Chen Tie , Han Rong-Bi , Piao Feng-Yu
Published: August 2018

Background & Objective: A series of novel 3-Substituted-1,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-2H-benzo [b]
azepine-2-one Derivatives (4, 5, 7, 10, 12, 5a-j, 8a-e) were synthesized from 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1-
naphthalenone. The structures of these compounds were confirmed by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, MASS
spectra and elemental analysis. Their anticonvulsant activity was evaluated by the maximal electroshock
(MES) test, subcutaneous pentylenetetrazol (scPTZ) test, and their neurotoxicity was evaluated
by the rotarod neurotoxicity test. Compound 4 showed the maximum anticonvulsant activity against
the maximal electroshock test (ED50=26.4, PI =3.2) and against the subcutaneous pentylenetetrazol
test (ED50=40.2, PI =2.1).

Conclusion:

Possible structure-activity relationship was discussed.
A Novel Classifier Design Algorithm Based on Gray Relation Theory
Authors: Han Hui , Li Jingchao , Chen Xiang , Ying Yulong
Published: August 2018

Background:

With the technical development of counter-reconnaissance and antijamming,
communication system becomes more and more complex, and therefore, the recognition
of communication signal becomes a challenging task according to recent patents. In order to achieve
successful recognition and classification of radiation source signal under variant SNR environment,
the design and selection of classifier are one of the key points.

Methods:

Gray relation theory can solve the learning problem with a small number of samples and
its algorithm is simple and can solve the issue of generality versus accuracy, which is very suitable
for dealing with fuzzy mathematical problems. However, the selection of distinguishing coefficient
has a direct effect on the recognition results by gray relation classifier. For conventional gray relation
classifier, the distinguishing coefficient is usually set as a fixed value of 0.5, and for different
types of signals, its recognition rate varies. Aiming at this issue, an improved adaptive gray relation
classifier algorithm is proposed in the paper.

Results:

The simulation results show that the recognition rate can still reach more than 87% even at
the SNR of 10dB.

Conclusion:

The proposed methods can improve the anti-jamming capability of the classifier, which
can be widely used in the fields of electronic reconnaissance, fault diagnosis and image processing.
Respuesta funcional de Phytoseiulus persimilis sobre Oligonychus punicae (Acari: Phytoseiidae, Tetranychidae) en hojas de aguacate
Authors: García-Ángel Omar , Cerna-Chávez Ernesto , Aguirre-Uribe Luis Alberto , Ochoa-Fuentes Yisa María , Chacón-Hernández Julio César , Landeros-Flores Jerónimo
Published: August 2018

Se evaluó la respuesta funcional de Phytoseiulus persimilis (Athias-Henriot, 1957) sobre diferentes densidades y estados de desarrollo del ácaro del aguacate Oligonychus punicae (Hirst, 1926) bajo condiciones de laboratorio. Los resultados muestran nula depredación en el estado de huevo, mientras que para el resto de los estados, el depredador exhibió una respuesta funcional tipo II. El máximo consumo de P. persimilis sobre O. punicae fue en promedio de 23.4 y 14.67 para larvas y ninfas respectivamente a una densidad de 64 presas ofrecidas, mientras que el máximo promedio de consumo en hembras adultas de O. punicae fue de 6.07 adultos a una densidad de 16 adultos hembra ofrecidos. Los resultados de la depredación muestran que P. persimilis puede ser utilizado como un agente de control biológico.
Ampliación en la distribución geográfica y reproductiva del milano cola blanca Elanus leucurus en el centro-oriente de México.
Authors: Loranca-Bravo Salvador J. , Rodríguez-Estrella Ricardo
Published: August 2018

Se reporta la distribución y reproducción del milano cola blanca Elanus leucurus en Puebla y Tlaxcala, confirmando su estatus de residente reproductor para Puebla, con nuevo registro para Tlaxcala.
In memoriam MIGUEL ÁNGEL MORÓN RÍOS
Authors: Arce-Pérez Roberto , Rojas Gómez César Vicente
Published: August 2018

El Dr. Miguel Ángel Morón Ríos nació el 24 de octubre de 1952 en la Ciudad de México; realizó estudios de licenciatura, maestría y doctorado en la Facultad de Ciencias de la UNAM. Fue investigador Nacional SNI (1985-2017); Profesor- Investigador en la Facultad de Ciencias de la UNAM y Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (1971-1981); Investigador Titular del Instituto de Ecología, A.C. (1981-2017); Curador general y fundador de la Colección Entomológica IEXA del Instituto de Ecología, A.C. (1985-2012). Realizó 31 estancias de investigación en instituciones de Inglaterra, Francia, Alemania, España, Holanda, Canadá, EUA, Colombia, Nicaragua y Costa Rica.
Seroprevalence to and influence of exposure to bovine reproductive disease causative agents on pregnancy and preweaning calf survival of elk (Artiodactyla: Cervidae)
Authors: Bender Louis C. , Rosas-Rosas Octavio C.
Published: August 2018

Una parte del éxito de las reintroducciones de ciervo wapití (C. elaphus) en México depende de las interacciones y posibles conflictos con el ganado doméstico. Algunos agentes patógenos pueden impactar la reproducción del wapití y al ganado, pero es raro que se considere para los rumiantes silvestres cuando existe un declive en la productividad de la población. Se investigó la exposición a enfermedades de los wapití utilizando un perfil de aborto bovino (e.g. Brucelosis, leptospirosis, rinotraqueitis infecciosa bovina, (RIB), diarrea viral bovina, e infección por Neospora sp.), ya que estas enfermedades pueden afectar negativamente a la reproducción de los bovinos y rumiantes silvestres, y el wapití y el ganado frecuentemente co-ocurren. Utilizamos una regresión logística jerárquica para modelar la proporción de preñez de las hembras en periodo de lactancia (un sustituto para la supervivencia de la cría al destete) como una función de la población y la exposición de las enfermedades reproductivas. Se hicieron pruebas a poblaciones de wapití y fueron expuestos a 2-4 de los agentes patógenos evaluados, excepto para la brucelosis, que no estaba presente. La preñez de las hembras osciló entre 0.73-0.96 y la proporción de supervivencia al pre-destete desde 0.40-0.67 entre poblaciones. La época de preñez varió por población en todos los contrastes (P <0,016), pero no por la exposición a cualquier enfermedad (P> 0,213). La proporción de hembras lactantes en otoño no varió entre las poblaciones (P> 0,247), ni por la exposición a cualquier patógeno (P> 0,281). La exposición a patógenos no afectó la productividad del wapití, a pesar de los niveles de exposición que reflejan previos estudios en Estados Unidos de Norteamérica y la baja preñez y la sobrevivencia de crías entre algunas poblaciones. Debido a su presencia en todas las poblaciones de wapití en Estados Unidos de Norteamérica, si los productores de ganado adyacentes a los sitios de introducción de wapití en México están viendo menos crías que las esperadas, es posible que quieran vigilar su ganado para IBR para ver si BHV-1 puede ser un posible factor contribuyente, ya que el patógeno está relacionado con la reproducción y es probable que esté presente en los wapití.
A new record of Huttonella bicolor (Hutton, 1834) (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Streptaxidae) in Mexico
Authors: Castillo-Rodríguez Zoila G. , Naranjo-García Edna , Amezcua-Linares Felipe
Published: August 2018

Un ejemplar de Huttonella bicolor = Gulella bicolor (Hutton, 1834) fue capturado en suelo limo-arenoso en Tabasco, México; el cual constituye el segundo registro para el estado y el tercero para México. Este pequeño gasterópodo es un depredador que se ha extendido como especie exótica en regiones preferentemente tropicales e insulares; destaca su introducción en islas de Asia y del Caribe. La concha tiene forma de pupa con lamelas o dientes en la abertura. Se comparó con la descripción de la especie. La distribución de la especie en México se extiende a los estados de Veracruz y en Tabasco, lo cual confirma el avance en su distribución a lo largo de la costa del Golfo de México de los Estados Unidos hasta Brasil. Las características de este estreptaxcido en cuanto al riesgo a través del tipo de presa preferida son discutidas.
Helmintofauna del aparato digestivo y respiratorio de aves acuáticas (Anatidae: Anatinae) del humedal de Atlangatepec, Tlaxcala, México
Authors: Padilla-Aguilar Patricia , Osorio-Sarabia David , Muñoz-García Claudia I. , Rendón-Franco Emilio , Romero-Callejas Evangelinda
Published: August 2018

El objetivo de esta investigación fue realizar el primer inventario de helmintos recuperados a partir del tubo digestivo y del aparato respiratorio de 52 aves acuáticas de la familia Anatidae, procedentes del humedal de Atlangatepec, Tlaxcala, a partir del aparato digestivo y respiratorio, los cuales fueron donados por cazadores en la temporada de caza de noviembre 2012- febrero 2013 y noviembre 2013- febrero 2014. Los parásitos encontrados se procesaron empleando técnicas convencionales para el examen helmintológico. Se identificaron 21 taxa de helmintos: siete trematodos (Cotylurus. cornutus, Australapatemon burti, Zygocotyle. lunata, Notocotylus. seineti, Typhlocoelum. sisowi, Echinostoma sp. y Echinoparyphium recurvatum.), cuatro cestodos (Hymenolepis sp., Cloacotaenia megalops, Choanotaenia infundibulum y Fimbriaria fasciolaris), ocho nematodos (Amidostomum sp., Streptocara sp., Epomidiostomum uncinatum, Syphaciella sp., Capillaria sp., Tetrameres. fissispina, Tetrameres sp. y Echinuria uncinata) y dos acantocéfalos (Pseudocorynosoma constritum y Polimorphus sp.), entre ellos destaca Syphaciella sp., ya que se registra por primera vez para México. También se registra por primera vez para México a los trematodos: Z. lunata y A. burti en A. crecca y A. strepera. En el caso de los cestodos a C. infundibulum en A. affinis.
Miguel Ángel Morón, La Taxonomía de los Melolonthidae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) de México y la difusión de su conocimiento
Authors: Halffter Gonzalo
Published: August 2018

Como un homenaje póstumo a la labor de Miguel Ángel Morón en la taxonomía de los Melolonthidae de México, se presenta un análisis de su obra a partir de dos de sus libros y una exposición entomológica que motivo un tercer libro.
Los nidos artificiales asociados al pago por servicios ambientales en una comunidad maya de Campeche: características y atributos sociales para su implementación
Authors: Illescas Jimena , Montiel Salvador
Published: August 2018

Los nidos artificiales constituyen una estrategia de conservación para las aves silvestres en las áreas comunitarias vinculadas al Pago por Servicios Ambientales (PES) en México. Sin embargo, esta estrategia de nido artificial carece de directrices técnicas oficiales para su implementación, y exige en consecuencia la capacidad de los actores locales para llevarla a cabo en contextos socioambientales específicos. Aquí, describimos los nidos artificiales vinculados a PES, resaltando las capacidades locales y las percepciones sociales que subyacen a esta estrategia de conservación en una comunidad maya de Campeche, México. Con base en observaciones de campo y entrevistas semiestructuradas aplicadas a personas locales (campesinos-pescadores), que participan en PSA, encontramos que los nidos artificiales registrados (N = 42) fueron considerados solo por el 52% de los entrevistados como "sitios de anidación" para al menos 25 especies de aves regionales. Nuestros resultados muestran que en la actualidad las características, la ubicación y las especies objetivo asociadas a los nidos artificiales dependen solo de las habilidades y capacidades de los interesados locales.
Alimentos consumidos por la ardilla endémica de Perote (Xerospermophilus perotensis) en el Valle de Perote, Veracruz, México
Authors: González-Romero Alberto , Montero-Bagatella Sandra , Durán-Antonio Jessica
Published: August 2018

La ardilla de tierra de Perote (Xerospermophilus perotensis) es un roedor microendémico, clasificado como especie en peligro por la Norma Mexicana NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010 y la UICN. Los estudios sobre esta especie son escasos y la mayoría de los pocos estudios publicados abordan su distribución y monitoreo poblacional. Mientras que el único estudio previo sobre su dieta, informa solo seis especies de plantas. Basadas en observaciones directas del consumo de alimentos, registramos en nuestro estudio 25 especies de plantas y cuatro fuentes de alimentos animales.
Primer registro para México de Aleurothrixus myrtacei Bondar, 1923 (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), sus hospederos y distribución
Authors: Sánchez-Flores Oscar Ángel , Carapia-Ruíz Vicente Emilio , García-Martínez Oswaldo , Castillo-Gutiérrez Antonio
Published: August 2018

Se presenta el primer registro de Aleurothrixus myrtacei Bondar (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) en México, y como su hospedero al muérdago Phoradendron macrophyllum Spreng., en la Carretera Coatzacoalcos-Salina Cruz, El Morrito, Asunción Ixtaltepec, Oaxaca.
A Blockchain-based Service Provider Validation and Verification Framework for Healthcare Virtual Organization
Authors: Hussen Hoger Mahmud
Published: August 2018

Virtual organization and blockchain are two newly emerging technologies that researchers are exploring their potentials to solve many information and communication technology unaddressed problems and challenges. Health care is one of the sectors that are very dynamic and it is in need of constant improvement in the quest to better the quality of cares and reduce cost. One of the hotline of research in the sector is the use of information and communication technology to provide health care and this is where the concept of virtual healthcare is relevant. In virtual healthcare patients and care providers are collaborating in virtual settings where two of the most difficult challenges are verifying and validating the identity of the communicating parties and the information exchanged. In this paper we propose a conceptual framework using blochchain technology to address the health care provider and record verification and validation issue. The framework is specific to healthcare systems developed based on Virtual Breeding Environment and Virtual Organization. We outline and explain each step in the framework and demonstrate its applicability in a simple healthcare scenario. This paper contributes towards the continuing effort to address user identity and information verification and validation issues in virtual settings in general and in healthcare in specific.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN SURFAKTAN SODIUM LIGNOSULFONAT (SLS) DALAM PROSES PENGENDAPAN NANO CALCIUM SILICATE (NCS) DARI GEOTHERMAL BRINE
Authors: Ulya M Ridho , Perdana Indra , Mulyono Panut
Published: August 2018

Konsentrasi yang tinggi dari kelarutan silika dalam larutan geothermal menyebabkan masalah dalam pengoperasian produksi uap di PLTP Dieng. Mitigasi silika scaling diperlukan untuk mengurangi resiko kegagalan produksi uap. Dalam penelitian ini, asam silika dalam larutan geothermal direaksikan dengan kalsium hidroksida (Ca(OH)2) membentuk n ano calcium silicate (NCS). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membentuk endapan NCS dari surfaktan SLS dan Ca(OH)2 ke dalam larutan geothermal. Mempelajari perubahan suhu (30, 50 dan 70°C), pH (7, 8 dan 9), dan konsentrasi surfaktan (0,05, 0,15 and 0,30% (w/v) serta mengetahui kondisi optimum. Pengujian yang dilakukan yaitu pengendapan partikel yang dilakukan di gelas ukur vertical, densitas padatan, densitas larutan, viskositas, dan diameter rata-rata partikel yang mengendap ditentukan dari persamaan diameter stokes. Kemudian membandingkan hasil perhitungan dari diameter stokes dengan particle size analyzer (PSA). Konsentrasi silika yang terlarut dapat diukur dengan metode spectroscopy dan komposisi padatan di uji dengan instrumen EDX dan FTIR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa silika terlarut dalam larutan geothermal berkurang dan dapat dikontrol dengan penambahan Ca(OH)2 dan penambahan surfaktan SLS. Semakin besar konsentrasi surfaktan maka ukuran partikel akan semakin kecil. Pembentukan NCS dapat dihasilkan dan disertai juga dengan partikel silika dan garam. Kondisi optimum pembentukan NCS terjadi pada suhu 30 oC pH 9 dan konsentrasi surfaktan SLS 0,30 %w/v.
Pengaruh Penambahan Limestone terhadap Kuat Tekan Semen Portland Komposit
Authors: Purnawan Irfan , Prabowo Andi
Published: August 2018

Semen merupakan bahan dasar utama konstruksi bangunan, sehingga menjadikan semen sebagai komoditi yang strategis. Semen PCC (Portland Composite Cement) merupakan jenis semen varian baru yang mempunyai karakteristik mirip dengan semen Portland, tetapi semen jenis ini mempunyai kualitas yang lebih baik, ramah lingkungan dan mempunyai harga yang lebih ekonomis. Penambahan limestone sebagai aditif berfungsi meningkatkan kuat tekan pada semen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh penambahan limestone dengan berbagai variasi terhadap kuat tekan dan menentukan massa limestone yang dapat memberikan kuat tekan maksimum pada semen Portland komposit. Pembuatan semen Portland komposit dilakukan dengan penambahan limestone sebagai aditif. Variasi limestone yang ditambakan adalah 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 dan 25%. Pengaruh penambahan limestone dapat diketahui dari hasil uji kehalusan, uji residu, uji komposisi kimia semen dan uji kuat tekan semen. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa semakin besar persentase pemakaian limestone di dalam blended cement maka nilai residu dan nilai kehalusan akan semakin besar namun nilai kuat tekan akan semakin rendah. Kuat tekan semen yang tertinggi yaitu nilai kuat tekan pada umur 2 hari. Komposisi terbaik aditif limestone di dalam blended cement adalah 77% klinker, 15% lime stone, 3% gypsum dan 5% blast furnace slag
Analisis Pengaruh Bahan Dasar Terhadap Indeks Viskositas Pelumas Berbagai Kekentalan
Authors: Siskayanti Rini , Kosim Muhammad Engkos
Published: August 2018

Pelumas adalah zat kimia, yang umumnya berupa cairan, yang diberikan di antara dua benda yang bergerak dengan tujuan untuk mengurangi gaya gesek.  Pelumas dibuat dari 70-90 % campuran minyak pelumas dasar dan ditambah dengan bahan aditif untuk meningkatkan sifat-sifatnya. Pelumas dasar dapat dikelompokkan menjadi 3 yaitu pelumas mineral, pelumas nabati dan pelumas sintetik. Salah satu fungsi pelumas adalah sebagai pendingin mesin dari panas yang timbul akibat gesekan dan penyekat. Ketahanan pelumas terhadap perubahan temperatur sangat dipegaruhi oleh jenis bahan dasar pelumas. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh bahan dasar pelumas terhadap perubahan temperatur yang diukur dengan nilai Indeks Viskositas. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara membuat pelumas mesin dengan berbagai kekentalan dengan penambahan aditif yang sama, hanya saja jenis minyak lumas dasar yang digunakan berbeda tetapi tetap mengacu pada standar karakteristik pelumas yang diuji. Dari 5 sampel yang diuji yaitu DEO API CI-4 SAE 15W-40, PCMO API SN SAE 10W-40, MCO API SL SAE 10W-30, HO ISO VG 32, TO API TO-4 SAE 10W menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi golongan bahan baku yang digunakan dalam pembuatan pelumas maka semakin tinggi juga nilai Indeks Viskositasnya. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kualitas pelumas juga semakin baik.
Pengaruh Steam Pretreatment terhadap Degradasi Selulosa dan Limonen pada Limbah Jeruk dalam Produksi Biohidrogen
Authors: Khaerunnisa Gita , Sarto Sarto , Sutijan Sutijan , Syamsiah Siti
Published: August 2018

Penelitian ini mempelajari pengaruh dari steam pretreatment terhadap limonen dan selulosa yang terkandung pada limbah jeruk, dengan mengevaluasi dampaknya terhadap produksi biohidrogen. Steam pretreatment dilakukan dalam 3 variasi waktu, yaitu 2 jam, 4 jam dan 6 jam. Kemudian proses fermentasi dijalankan selama 7 hari dengan pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada hari ke 1, 2, 3, 5 dan 7. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa steam distillation yang dilakukan untuk pretreatment pada substrat jeruk berpengaruh terhadap kondisi substrat, yaitu mengurangi kadar selulosa dan limonen. Kadar selulosa pada substrat setelah pretreatment 2 jam adalah 37,08%; 4 jam 36,63% dan 6 jam 15,95%. Sementara kadar limonen setelah pretreatment 2 jam, 4 jam dan 6 jam berturut-turut 57,44 ppm; 38,80 ppm; dan 36,11 ppm. Konstanta kinetika produksi hidrogen pada sampel dengan pretreatment 2 jam, 4 jam dan 6 jam yang diperoleh dengan persamaan Gompertz termodifikasi adalah potensi produksi hidrogen (Hmaks) 11,492 mL; 52,612 mL; 22,345 mL, laju produksi maksimum (Rm) 9,888 mL H2/jam; 10,008 mL H2/jam; 12,982 mL H2/jam dan waktu adaptasi 49,689 jam, 24,742 jam; 24,885 jam. Perlakuan pretreatment pada sampel selama 4 jam menghasilkan produk paling optimal.
Kinerja dan kinetika produksi biohidrogen secara batch dari sampah buah melon dalam reaktor tangki berpengaduk
Authors: Sarlinda Febrina , Sarto Sarto , Hidayat Muslikhin
Published: August 2018

Abundant amount of melon fruit waste with high sugar anda water content is potential as a substrate for hydrogen production by dark fermentation. This study investigated the performance of biohydrogen production from melon fruit waste in a stirred tank reactor with initial concentration 13100 mg sCOD/L, in a room temperature, initial pH 7 and controlling final pH 5.5 by adding NaOH. The fermentation lasted for 24 hours. pH, VS, sCOD, VFA, biogas volume, hydrogen content, and cell concentration was analized every hour to determine the performance of reactor. Hydrogen content yielding 16.20% with hydrogen production rate (HPR) of 458.12 mL/Lreactor/day in STP condition. Substrate consumption at the end of fermentation reached 24.61% sCOD and 78.28% VS. Metabolite products was dominated by acetate and butyrate with butyrate to acetate ratio of 1.2.  The kinetic of product formation was investigated by the kinetic model of Gompertz. Meanwhile the kinetics of cell growth was approximated by Logistics model.
Recovery Ion Hg2+ dari Limbah Cair Industri Penambangan Emas Rakyat dengan Metode Presipitasi Sulfida dan Hidroksida
Authors: Fadlilah Ilma , Prasetya Agus , Mulyono Panut
Published: August 2018

Unlicensed gold mining activities (PETI) using mercury (Hg) as a gold element binder is called the amalgamation process. Mercury is a heavy metal toxic. The use of mercury can potentially cause pollution in environment, especially the aquatic environment. For overcoming the heavy metals mercury in liquid waste, it needs an alternative wastewater treatment method called chemical precipitation. This study is aimed to recover Hg2+ ions from liquid wastes by using sulphide precipitation and hydroxide methods. This research studied the effect of pH on Hg ions which is deposited in the precipitation process and found out the rate of Hg precipitation formation. Precipitation was done by using sodium sulphide (Na2S) 0.3 M and Ca(OH)2 0.004 M as a precipitation agent with rapid mixing speed for about 200 rpm for 3 minutes and continued with slow mixing for about 40 rpm for 30 minutes. Then, just let the liquid sample be for 24 hours to precipate the precipitate formed. The results show that precipitation method by using a Na2S solution can decrease the content of Hg in HgCl2 synthetic waste. An optimum  mass of HgS precipitate of  0,0458 g was achieved pH 9 for 200 mL of wastewater liquid with a removal efficiency percentage up to 99.81%. The concentration of mercury can be derived from 130 ppm to 0.25 ppm. The rate of formation of HgS precipitate was obtained 0.0004g/ hour. While, hydroxide precipitation method can decrease mercury level up to 90,11% at pH 12 and mass of Hg (OH)2 precipitate obtained is 0,2784 g. However, the result of EDX analysis of the precipitate of Hg (OH)2 shows that the content of Hg precipitate is just 0.281%.
ANCAassociated vasculitis in a man with scleroderma and pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Wong Alyson , McDonald Christine , Thenganatt John
Published: August 2018

Systemic sclerosis, or scleroderma, is a connective tissue disease that causes fibrosis of the skin and potentially internal organs (1). The most common lung findings in those with scleroderma are interstitial lung disease and pulmonary hypertension (1). Here we describe a 58-year-old man with scleroderma, interstitial lung disease and pulmonary arterial hypertension. He presented with atypical pulmonary manifestations and an acute kidney injury caused by a new diagnosis of ANCA-associated vasculitis.
Dyslipidemia Management after Pre-eclampsia: What is the Threshold for Treatment Due to Increased Cardiovascular Risk?
Authors: Rodger Sheila , Sia Winnie
Published: August 2018

Growing evidence shows that women with a history of preeclampsia, pregnancy-induced hypertension or gestational diabetes are at increased long-term risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD).  This was incorporated in the American Heart Association’s 2011 guideline on the prevention of CVD in women and was recently reflected in the 2016 Canadian Cardiovascular Society’s guidelines, suggesting that young women who would not formerly have been considered for primary CVD prevention may benefit from screening for dyslipidemia.  However, the indications and targets for medical treatment of dyslipidemia postpartum remain unclear.  We present the case of a 31yo G1P1L2 woman with preeclampsia, preterm delivery and dyslipidemia who had active vascular risk reduction postpartum, including adjustment of antihypertensives, diet and exercise counselling for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol reduction and weight loss promotion, and consideration of an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, which was ultimately decided against given the improvements seen with conservative management.
Vowel breaking in Dalmatian Romance derivatives in Ĕ́LLU,-A (on Balkan Latin XII)
Authors: Ligorio Orsat
Published: August 2018

Vowel breaking in Dalmatian Romance appears to have evolved in two phases
and, in Montenegro, Serbo-Croatian ?relics? of Dalmatian Romance derivatives
in -??LLU, -A appear to show two distinct outcomes of the ??, namely
Serbo-Croatian *?? > je? and (i)ja?. The paper purports that je?-relics continue
phase I of the vowel breaking, i.e. ??> *i??, and that (i)ja?-relics
continue phase II of the process, i.e. *i? >*i?. From the data, it would
appear that phase I was all-Dalmatian, being well documented throughout
Dalmatia, and that phase II was specifically Montenegrin, being by and large
attested in Montenegro (and Veglia, in Vegliot, where it has long since been
documented and recognised as such).
Breastfeeding through the centuries
Authors: Milankov Olgica
Published: August 2018

nema
Evaluation of spirometric parameters and maximum oxygen consumption in athletes and non-athletes
Authors: Rakovac Aleksandra , Andric Lana , Karan Vedrana , Bogdan Maja , Slavic Danijel , Klasnja Aleksandar
Published: August 2018

Introduction. There is a great interest to identify factors that influence
the value of maximum oxygen consumption. The goal of this research was to
assess the body composition, pulmonary parameters, and maximum oxygen
consumption in different types of sports and in non-athletes. Material and
Methods. The research included 149 male participants: aerobic athletes (n =
55), anaerobic athletes (n = 53) and non-athletes (n = 41). The participants
were tested at the Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the
University of Novi Sad. Anthropometric parameters and body mass index were
measured. Also, the body fat mass was determined by bioelectrical impedance.
pulmonary parameters by spirometry and maximum oxygen consumption on a
bicycle ergometer. Results. The body mass index values in non-athletes were
the highest and significantly different compared to the aerobic athletes (p
= 0.01). Also, non-athletes had significantly higher values of body fat mass
compared to athletes (p < 0.001). The pulmonary parameters were not
significantly different between the tested groups (p > 0.05). However. the
values of maximum oxygen consumption were significantly different between
all three tested groups (aerobic athletes 53.75 ? 7.82 ml/kg/min; anaerobic
athletes 48.04 ? 6.79 ml/kg/min; non-athletes 41.95 ? 8.53 ml/kg/min) (p <
0.001). A low degree of correlation was found between maximum oxygen
consumption and pulmonary parameters in the tested groups. Conclusion. Body
composition has an impact on the pulmonary parameters. The values of maximum
oxygen consumption depend on the type of sport and training. and the
highest values are in aerobic sports. There is a low degree of correlation
between maximum oxygen consumption and pulmonary parameters in the tested
groups.
Biofeedback in the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in children
Authors: Djermanov Marina , Zivkovic Dragana
Published: August 2018

Introduction. Bladder and bowel dysfunction describes a large spectrum of
lower urinary tract symptoms along with fecal elimination issues. The aim of
the study was to analyze the effects of biofeedback treatment in children
with lower urinary tract symptoms. Material and Methods. A prospective study
analyzed the effects of biofeedback treatment conducted in children with
lower urinary tract symptoms. Questionnaires and voiding diaries were
collected prior to the treatment. The patients were followed for two weeks
on daily basis. After the completion of the treatment, the data from voiding
diaries and questionnaires were analyzed. Results. A total of 18 children
were referred for biofeedback treatment. Seven patients had an overactive
bladder. seven had isolated dysfunctional voiding, and in the third group
three had difficulties starting to void and one had daily incontinence with
dysfunctional voiding. A total of 14 patients presented with improvement of
symptoms. The analyzed data showed no measurable improvement in one patient,
even though he reported a personal feeling of improvement. Three patients
without positive effects of the therapy were immature and non-cooperative.
In six out of seven patients with overactive bladder with urine leakage, the
symptom disappeared by the end of the treatment. Conclusion. Biofeedback is
a very useful tool in the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in
pediatric population. Although the main indication for initiating this
therapy is dysfunctional voiding, the study showed an improvement of
symptoms in patients with overactive bladder as well.
Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm after endovascular repair
Authors: Pasternak Janko , Popovic Vladan , Budinski Slavko
Published: August 2018

Introduction. An aneurysm is a localized, permanent dilation of an arterial
blood vessel with a diameter greater than 50% of the usual diameter for that
aortic segment. It is treated with endovascular stent graft placement or
open surgery. Endovascular stent grafting of the abdominal aorta has become
popular as an elective treatment. but one of the complications is increased
aneurysm diameter that may lead to rupture. Case Series. This case series
reviews open reconstructive surgery of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms
in three patients treated with endovascular repair. The diameter of the
aneurysm increased due to endoleak or stent graft migration, leading to
rupture. Due to the inability to extract the stent graft in two patients,
the graft was transversely cut at the proximal part, where upper anastomosis
was created using a Dacron graft prosthesis. Conclusion. Regular annual
controls for the rest of patients lives are of great importance in order to
avoid fatal complications after endovascular aneurysm repair. One of the
methods after the abdominal aortic rupture after endovascular stent graft
treatment that significantly shortens the duration of the surgery and gives
a more stable upper anastomosis, is transverse stent graft cut in the
proximal part. Complete prevention remains a challenge because a rupture
may occur even if the abnormalities are not evident. The ultimate goal is to
increase the survival rate after the ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm.
O químico e físico inglês Willian Crookes (1832-1919) e os raios catódicos: Uma adaptação tátil do tubo para o ensino de modelos atômicos para aprendizes cegos
Authors: Fernandes Jomara Mendes , Franco-Patrocínio Sandra , Freitas-Reis Ivoni
Published: August 2018

ResumoAs pesquisas sobre descargas elétricas através dos gases rarefeitos era tema de muitos estudos no século XIX. Em 1879, Willian Crookes (1832-1919) produziu, através de uma bomba de vácuo, um tubo de gás rarefeito que proporcionou meios de afirmar ser o raio catódico, o qual mais tarde Joseph John Thomson (1856-1940) denominaria elétron de natureza particulada. Defendemos a importância das imagens e representações dentro do estudo da química e, pensando nisso, o presente trabalho retrata a experiência de uma adaptação tátil do tubo de Crookes que foi utilizada em aulas da história dos modelos atômicos com um aprendiz cego. Palavras-chave: Educação Inclusiva; Deficiência Visual; História da Química.AbstractResearch on electrical discharges through rarefied gases was the subject of many studies in the nineteenth century. In 1879, William Crookes (1832-1919) produced, through a vacuum pump, a rarefied gas tube that provided a means of claiming to be the cathode ray, which later Joseph John Thomson (1856-1940) would call the electron of nature particulate. We argue for the importance of images and representations within the study of chemistry and, in light of this, the present paper portrays the experience of a tactile adaptation of Crookes tube that was used in classes of the history of the atomics models with a blind apprentice.Keywords: Including Education; Visual Deficiency; History of Chemistry.
Editorial Volume 39(1) 2018
Authors: Lessa Angela B. Cavenaghi T. , Tanzi Neto Adolfo , Oliveira Grassinete C. de Albuquerque , Cavalcante Antonio Bruno Ferreira
Published: August 2018

Editorial Volume 39.1 - 2018
Internet e participação social nas políticas urbanas
Authors: Gomes Margarida Maria Mussa Tavares , Gomes Filho Hélio
Published: August 2018

A evolução da economia mundial e as inovações científicas e tecnológicas que aconteceram a partir da década de 1980, e mais marcadamente na década de 1990, concorreram para o surgimento de novos paradigmas culturais, políticos e econômicos. O avanço e a disseminação das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação do mundo contemporâneo desenham uma sociedade cada vez mais fundamentada na fluidez. Essa transformação nas relações espaço-temporais altera as formas de produção do espaço, e, nesse sentido, o urbano pode ser determinado e influenciado também pelo fato de o indivíduo estar articulado a uma rede, o que delineia novas formas de ação coletiva e de pressão sobre as práticas sociais. Este artigo trata das novas formas de participação pública que surgem com as Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação e busca compreender as possibilidades democráticas e as formas de interação entre governo e sociedade no mundo conectado com base no pressuposto de que a participação em rede propicia novos sentidos na interlocução entre cidadãos e Estado.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Internet. Participação social. Políticas urbanas. Redes.
Transformações urbanas: projetando novos bairros em antigas periferias
Authors: Bezerra Maria Do Carmo de Lima
Published: August 2018

O conteúdo do livro explora o desafio da transformação urbana de antigas áreas industriais, ferroviárias e portuárias em bairros com outras atividades mais compatíveis com a dinâmica contemporânea das cidades e traz à tona as oportunidades de reutilização de espaços obsoletos e abandonados, tanto para otimizar as infraestruturas instaladas como para revitalizar a própria cidade, que, ao tratar uma de suas partes, se vê renovada pela irradiação que essas transformações podem propiciar.
Effects of two levels of partial neuromuscular block with atracurium on the ventilatory response to hypercapnia in anesthetized Beagles
Authors: Sakai Daniel M. , Martin-Flores Manuel
Published: August 2018

OBJECTIVE To evaluate effects of 2 levels of partial neuromuscular block on the ventilatory response to a hypercapnic challenge in anesthetized dogs and to evaluate effects of edrophonium for reversing partial neuromuscular block.

ANIMALS 6 healthy adult Beagles.

PROCEDURES Each dog was anesthetized twice with propofol and dexmedetomidine. End-tidal partial pressure of CO2 (Petco2), tidal volume (Vt), and peak inspiratory flow (PIF) were measured during breathing at rest. Maximal Vt and PIF (VtMAX and PIFMAX, respectively) in response to a hypercapnic challenge consisting of 10% CO2 inhaled for 1 minute were measured. Variables were measured before administration of atracurium (baseline), during moderate (train-of-four [TOF] ratio, 0.3 to 0.5) and mild (TOF ratio, 0.6 to 0.8) atracurium-induced neuromuscular block, and after neuromuscular block recovery (TOF ratio, ≥ 0.9) following administration of edrophonium or saline (0.9% NaCl) solution. Dogs for which any variable returned to < 80% of the baseline value were identified.

RESULTS Partial neuromuscular block increased Petco2; it impaired Vt at rest and VtMAX but not PIF at rest and PIFMAX. All variables except Petco2 returned to baseline values when the TOF returned to ≥ 0.9. After recovery from neuromuscular block, significantly more dogs had a VtMAX < 80% of the baseline value when edrophonium was not administered.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Partial neuromuscular block in anesthetized Beagles decreased spontaneous ventilation at rest and impaired the response to a hypercapnic challenge. Response to hypercapnic challenge might remain partially impaired after recovery of the TOF ratio to ≥ 0.9.
Assessment of pig saliva as a Streptococcus suis reservoir and potential source of infection on farms by use of a novel quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay
Authors: Arai Sakura , Kim Hyunjung , Watanabe Takayasu , Tohya Mari , Suzuki Eriko , Ishida-Kuroki Kasumi , Maruyama Fumito , Murase Kazunori , Nakagawa Ichiro , Sekizaki Tsutomu
Published: August 2018

OBJECTIVE To evaluate colonization of Streptococcus suis and Streptococcus parasuis on pig farms in Japan and to identify sources of infections.

SAMPLE Saliva, feces, and vaginal swab samples from 84 healthy pigs of several growth stages on 4 farms and swab samples of feed troughs and water dispensers at those farms.

PROCEDURES Samples were collected from August 2015 to June 2016. Two quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays (one for S suis and the other for S parasuis) were designed for use in the study. The novel qPCR assays were used in combination with previously described qPCR assays for S suis serotype 2 or 1/2 and total bacteria. Relative abundance of bacteria in each sample was evaluated.

RESULTS Streptococcus suis was detected in all saliva samples and some of the other samples, whereas S parasuis was not detected in any of the samples, including saliva samples, which indicated a difference in colonization preference. The ratio of S suis to total bacteria in saliva appeared to increase with age of pigs. Streptococcus suis serotype 2 or 1/2 was detected in a few saliva samples and feed trough swab samples at 2 farms where S suis infections were prevalent.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Saliva, especially that of sows, appeared to be a reservoir and source of S suis infection for pigs. The qPCR assay described here may provide an effective way to monitor for S suis in live pigs, which could lead to effective disease control on pig farms.
Retention of gadolinium in the brains of healthy dogs after a single intravenous administration of gadodiamide
Authors: Gambino Jennifer M. , James Judy R. , Buchweitz John P. , Cooley A. Jim , Lawrence Amanda M. , Wills Robert W. , Lee Alison M.
Published: August 2018

OBJECTIVE To determine brain region affinity for and retention of gadolinium in dogs after administration of gadodiamide and whether formalin fixation affects quantification.

ANIMALS 14 healthy dogs.

PROCEDURES 13 dogs received gadodiamide (range, 0.006 to 0.1 mmol/kg, IV); 1 control dog received a placebo. Dogs received gadodiamide 3 to 7 days (n = 8) or 9 hours (5) before euthanasia and sample collection. Brain regions were analyzed with inductively coupled mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and transmission electron microscopy. Associations between dose, time to euthanasia, and gadolinium retention quantities (before and after fixation in 5 dogs) were evaluated.

RESULTS Gadolinium retention was seen in all brain regions at all doses, except for the control dog. Exposure 3 to 7 days before euthanasia resulted in 1.7 to 162.5 ng of gadolinium/g of brain tissue (dose-dependent effect), with cerebellum, parietal lobe, and brainstem affinity. Exposure 9 hours before euthanasia resulted in 67.3 to 1,216.4 ng of gadolinium/g of brain tissue without dose dependency. Transmission electron microscopy revealed gadolinium in examined tissues. Fixation did not affect quantification in samples immersed for up to 69 days.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Gadodiamide exposure resulted in gadolinium retention in the brain of healthy dogs. Cerebellum, parietal lobe, and brainstem affinity was detected with dose dependency only in dogs exposed 3 to 7 days before euthanasia. Fixation had no effect on quantification when tissues were immersed for up to 69 days. Physiologic mechanisms for gadolinium retention remained unclear. The importance of gadolinium retention requires further investigation.