bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Who Is in Your Top Three? Optimizing Learning in Elections with Many Candidates
Authors: Garg Nikhil , Gelauff Lodewijk L. , Sakshuwong Sukolsak , Goel Ashish
Published: October 2022

Elections and opinion polls often have many candidates, with the aim to either rank the candidates or identify a small set of winners according to voters’ preferences. In practice, voters do not provide a full ranking; instead, each voter provides their favorite K candidates, potentially in ranked order. The election organizer must choose K and an aggregation rule.

We provide a theoretical framework to make these choices. Each K-Approval or K-partial ranking mechanism (with a corresponding positional scoring rule) induces a learning rate for the speed at which the election recovers the asymptotic outcome. Given the voter choice distribution, the election planner can thus identify the rate optimal mechanism. Earlier work in this area provides coarse order-of-magnitude guaranties which are not sufficient to make such choices. Our framework further resolves questions of when randomizing between multiple mechanisms may improve learning for arbitrary voter noise models.

Finally, we use data from 5 large participatory budgeting elections that we organized across several US cities, along with other ranking data, to demonstrate the utility of our methods. In particular, we find that historically such elections have set K too low and that picking the right mechanism can be the difference between identifying the ultimate winner with only a 80% probability or a 99.9% probability after 400 voters.
A Hybrid Approach to Identifying Unknown Unknowns of Predictive Models
Authors: Vandenhof Colin
Published: October 2022

When predictive models are deployed in the real world, the confidence of a given prediction is often used as a signal of how much it should be trusted. It is therefore critical to identify instances for which the model is highly confident yet incorrect, i.e. the unknown unknowns. We describe a hybrid approach to identifying unknown unknowns that combines the previous crowdsourcing and algorithmic strategies, and addresses some of their weaknesses. In particular, we propose learning a set of interpretable decision rules to approximate how the model makes high confidence predictions. We devise a crowdsourcing task in which workers are presented with a rule, and challenged to generate an instance that “contradicts” it. A bandit algorithm is used to select the most promising rules to present to workers. Our method is evaluated by conducting a user study on Amazon Mechanical Turk. Experimental results on three datasets indicate that our approach discovers unknown unknowns more efficiently than the state-of-the-art.
Can You Explain That? Lucid Explanations Help Human-AI Collaborative Image Retrieval
Authors: Ray Arijit , Yao Yi , Kumar Rakesh , Divakaran Ajay , Burachas Giedrius
Published: October 2022

While there have been many proposals on making AI algorithms explainable, few have attempted to evaluate the impact of AI-generated explanations on human performance in conducting human-AI collaborative tasks. To bridge the gap, we propose a Twenty-Questions style collaborative image retrieval game, Explanation-assisted Guess Which (ExAG), as a method of evaluating the efficacy of explanations (visual evidence or textual justification) in the context of Visual Question Answering (VQA). In our proposed ExAG, a human user needs to guess a secret image picked by the VQA agent by asking natural language questions to it. We show that overall, when AI explains its answers, users succeed more often in guessing the secret image correctly. Notably, a few correct explanations can readily improve human performance when VQA answers are mostly incorrect as compared to no-explanation games. Furthermore, we also show that while explanations rated as “helpful” significantly improve human performance, “incorrect” and “unhelpful” explanations can degrade performance as compared to no-explanation games. Our experiments, therefore, demonstrate that ExAG is an effective means to evaluate the efficacy of AI-generated explanation on a human-AI collaborative task.
Progression in a Language Annotation Game with a Purpose
Authors: Madge Chris , Yu Juntao , Chamberlain Jon , Kruschwitz Udo , Paun Silviu , Poesio Massimo
Published: October 2022

Within traditional games design, incorporating progressive difficulty is considered of fundamental importance. But despite the widespread intuition that progression could have clear benefits in Games-With-A-Purpose (GWAPs)–e.g., for training non-expert annotators to produce more complex judgements– progression is not in fact a prominent feature of GWAPs; and there is even less evidence on its effects. In this work we present an approach to progression in GWAPs that generalizes to different annotation tasks with minimal, if any, dependency on gold annotated data. Using this method we observe a statistically significant increase in accuracy over randomly showing items to annotators.
AI-Based Request Augmentation to Increase Crowdsourcing Participation
Authors: Park Junwon , Krishna Ranjay , Khadpe Pranav , Fei-Fei Li , Bernstein Michael
Published: October 2022

To support the massive data requirements of modern supervised machine learning (ML) algorithms, crowdsourcing systems match volunteer contributors to appropriate tasks. Such systems learn what types of tasks contributors are interested to complete. In this paper, instead of focusing on what to ask, we focus on learning how to ask: how to make relevant and interesting requests to encourage crowdsourcing participation. We introduce a new technique that augments questions with ML-based request strategies drawn from social psychology. We also introduce a contextual bandit algorithm to select which strategy to apply for a given task and contributor. We deploy our approach to collect volunteer data from Instagram for the task of visual question answering (VQA), an important task in computer vision and natural language processing that has enabled numerous human-computer interaction applications. For example, when encountering a user’s Instagram post that contains the ornate Trevi Fountain in Rome, our approach learns to augment its original raw question “Where is this place?” with image-relevant compliments such as “What a great statue!” or with travel-relevant justifications such as “I would like to visit this place”, increasing the user’s likelihood of answering the question and thus providing a label. We deploy our agent on Instagram to ask questions about social media images, finding that the response rate improves from 15.8% with unaugmented questions to 30.54% with baseline rule-based strategies and to 58.1% with ML-based strategies.
Beyond Accuracy: The Role of Mental Models in Human-AI Team Performance
Authors: Bansal Gagan , Nushi Besmira , Kamar Ece , Lasecki Walter S. , Weld Daniel S. , Horvitz Eric
Published: October 2022

Decisions made by human-AI teams (e.g., AI-advised humans) are increasingly common in high-stakes domains such as healthcare, criminal justice, and finance. Achieving high team performance depends on more than just the accuracy of the AI system: Since the human and the AI may have different expertise, the highest team performance is often reached when they both know how and when to complement one another. We focus on a factor that is crucial to supporting such complementary: the human’s mental model of the AI capabilities, specifically the AI system’s error boundary (i.e. knowing “When does the AI err?”). Awareness of this lets the human decide when to accept or override the AI’s recommendation. We highlight two key properties of an AI’s error boundary, parsimony and stochasticity, and a property of the task, dimensionality. We show experimentally how these properties affect humans’ mental models of AI capabilities and the resulting team performance. We connect our evaluations to related work and propose goals, beyond accuracy, that merit consideration during model selection and optimization to improve overall human-AI team performance.
Contested Heritage: Property Rights on Urban Land in Transition in Post-Socialist Warsaw
Authors: Kuletskaya Dasha , Willam Alicja
Published: October 2022

For more than thirty years after the end of the Polish People’s Republic, both public and academic debates on property reprivatization in Warsaw has been shaped by the false assumption that the Bierut Decree and the consequent communalization of urban land in post-WWII Warsaw were informed by the hostile Soviet ideology. Based on archival evidence, we argue that the Bierut Decree was to a significant extent shaped by the Swiss urban planner Hans Bernoulli and is deeply rooted in the European land-reform movements of the early 20th century. Furthermore, taking several case studies as examples, we illustrate how the unregulated process of property reprivatization, ongoing in Warsaw since 1989, has reshaped architecture and urban space. We show that land reprivatization reintroduced the problems of urban development that the communalization of land was supposed to cure. We argue that in light of present global challenges formulated in the 2015 UN Goals for Sustainable Development and despite the ideological debate surrounding the Bierut Decree, the common land of Warsaw is a unique policy achievement and a heritage in need of protection.
Looking Like a Woman, Dancing Like a Painting, Footing the Renaissance: Isadora Duncan and Botticelli’s Primavera
Authors: Østermark-Johansen Lene
Published: October 2022

A print of Botticelli’s painting La Primavera in the dancer Isadora Duncan’s childhood home had a fundamental impact on her development of modern dance. This article explores Duncan’s dance and costume based on La Primavera in conjunction with other neo-Renaissance dancers (Sacharoff and Sachetti) and Aby Warburg’s interest in the Florentine nymph and moving draperies, arguing for the importance of studying the old masters, of looking like a woman, and embracing continued renascences.
John Singer Sargent’s Portrait of Vernon Lee
Authors: Alambritis Maria
Published: October 2022

The year is 1881 and John Singer Sargent (1856–1925) has captured his close friend, the art historian and aesthetic critic Vernon Lee (1856–1935) on canvas. Sargent’s bravura brushstroke conveys Lee’s keen intelligence and sharp wit, with inquisitive eyes peering through her gleaming spectacles. Reinforcing her agency to look, as a woman and as a woman art historian, Sargent’s portrait conveys Lee’s status as an authoritative cultural mediator who, as Hilary Fraser has observed, ‘decisively usurped the gaze’ through the medium of writing.
Translating the Beauty of Japan: Lafcadio Hearn’s Art Writing
Authors: Evangelista Stefano
Published: October 2022

Lafcadio Hearn (1850–1904) is well known for his essays about Japan but his analyses of Japanese art have been overlooked, no doubt because he had no formal training in art history. This article examines the features of Hearn’s art writing. It discusses how Hearn framed aesthetic questions within formally complex essays that often blended criticism and fiction, and how he interacted with the increasingly specialized field of Japanese art history that was then starting to take shape in the West. It argues that Hearn’s art writing contributed to making Japanese art comprehensible to readers at the turn of the century by translating and explicating its own distinctive beauty.
COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY FINDINGS OF INTRACRANIAL CALCIFICATIONS
Authors: BEYHAN Murat , YILMAZ Sevgi , ÇEKER Muhammed Erkam , GÖKÇE Erkan , DEMİR Osman
Published: October 2022

Objective In this study, the anatomical localization and distribution of intracranial calcifications detected on brain computed tomography (CT) were determined and their relationship with age and gender was investigated. Material and Method Images of 887 patients who underwent brain CT examinations for various reasons between March 2010 and May 2013 were analyzed. Images of 124 patients were excluded from the study because of contrast-enhanced examination, bleeding, trauma, hydrocephalus, and image distortion. Seven hundred sixty three patients whose non-contrasted brain CT images were analyzed were divided into age groups according to decades. The pineal gland, choroid plexus, habenula, basal ganglia, tentorium cerebelli, falx cerebri, dural and arachnoid granulation, petroclinoid ligament, arterial wall, orbital, dystrophic and tumoral calcifications were evaluated. The distribution of intracranial calcifications according to age groups and gender were examined. Results Of the patients included in the study, 382 (50.1%) were female and 381 (49.9%) were male. Intracranial calcification was detected in 672 (88.1%) of the patients. The choroid plexus (78.2%) calcifications were most common, followed by habenula (62.4%), pineal gland (55.3%), arterial wall (31.2%), petroclinoid ligament (28.7%), and falx cerebri (20.7%). Calcifications of dural and arachnoid granulation (7.5%), basal ganglia (6.3%), tentorium cerebelli (2.9%), tumoral (1.2%) and orbital (0.5%) were detected less frequently, while dystrophic calcifications (0.4%) were the least common. A statistically significant difference was found in the distribution of calcifications according to age groups, in calcifications located in the pineal gland, choroid plexus, habenula, basal ganglia, tentorium cerebelli, falx cerebri, dural and arachnoid granulation, petroclinoid ligament and arterial wall. A statistically significant difference was found in choroid plexus, habenula, dural and arachnoid granulation and petroclinoid ligament calcifications in distribution according to gender. Conclusion Intracranial calcifications are most frequently detected in the choroid plexus, habenula and pineal gland, while dystrophic calcifications are seen the least. The incidence of intracranial calcifications generally increases from the age of 10. Tentorium cerebelli and dural and arachnoid granulation calcifications are more common in female.
O PAPEL DO ESTADO CONSTITUCIONAL DE DIREITO DIANTE DA HIPERVULNERABILIDADE DAS PESSOAS COM DEFICIÊNCIA EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA
Authors: Pinto Hilbert , Zago Thomasi Tanise , Batista Sposato Karyna
Published: October 2022

Este artigo objetiva expor como o cenário de pandemia de COVID-19 intensificou o dever de atuação estatal diante da vulnerabilidade das pessoas com deficiência pretendendo reduzi-la. No primeiro tópico, analisa-se o modelo social de abordagem da deficiência, com o intuito de contextualizar o estudo da vulnerabilidade a partir do tratamento jurídico-social necessário a esse grupo de indivíduos Na sequência, são estudadas as concepções de vulnerabilidade trabalhadas no campo da ética, bioética e direito, evidenciando-se, ao fim, a sua ampliação na proteção das pessoas com deficiência devido à pandemia. Por fim, delineia-se o papel do Estado Brasileiro, enquanto Estado Constitucional de Direito, sugerindo a necessidade de assumir um perfil solidarista e garantista, especialmente para amenizar os impactos da crise sobre os direitos fundamentais desses vulneráveis. Realizou-se um estudo qualitativo, por meio de revisão bibliográfica e documental, tendo como fonte livros, artigos, legislações e reportagens. Concluiu-se que as pessoas com deficiência são vulneráveis do ponto de vista ontológico e social; e as consequências políticas, econômicas e sociais provenientes da pandemia agravaram esse estado de vulnerabilidade, motivo pelo qual se mostra imprescindível uma postura sobretudo prestacional do Estado, para que sejam garantidos os direitos fundamentais, tão fragilizados em meio a tal crise.
Studies on lichenicolous fungi in the Uppsala (UPS) collection curated by the late Rolf Santesson. Part II
Authors:   V.L. Komarov Botanical Institute RAS, Zhurbenko Mikhail P.
Published: October 2022

Taxonomical notes on Capronia leopoldiana s.l., Niesslia globispora, Opegrapha foreaui, Scutula miliaris, and Stictographa dirinariicola are provided. Opegrapha foreaui is reported as new to China, Stictographa dirinariicola new to Tanzania and continental Africa, and Xenonectriella physciacearum new to China, which is the first confirmed report for Asia. Phaeophyscia melanchra is reported as new host species for Xenonectriella physciacearum.
New and rare species of jelly cyanolichens for Asia and the Russian Far East
Authors:   Central Siberian Botanical Garden SB RAS, Makryi Tatiana V. , Zheludeva Elena V. ,   Institute of Biological Problems of the North FEB RAS
Published: October 2022

The locations of nine species of jelly cyanolichens of the families Coccocarpiaceae, Heppiaceae, Koerberiaceae, Lichinaceae, Massalongiaceae found in the Magadan Region are reported. Spilonema paradoxum Bornet is recorded for the first time in Asia; five species, Ephebe perspinulosa Nyl., Heppia lutosa (Ach.) Nyl., Koerberia biformis A. Massal., Peccania coralloides (A. Massal.) A. Massal., and Thallinocarpon nigritellum (Letau) P.M. Jørg., are new for the Russian Far East; Polychidium muscicola (Sw.) Gray is first found in the Magadan Region, and the two species, Euopsis granatina (Sommerf.) Nyl. and Spilonema revertens Nyl., are rare lichens in this region. The geographical distribution patterns and ecology of these species are discussed. Findings in the north of the Russian Far East of such lichens as Heppia lutosa, Koerberia biformis, Peccania coralloides, and Thallinocarpon nigritellum are the most interesting and unexpected in the phytogeographical respect. All of them are relic elements in the flora of the Magadan Region.
Prevalence of anticonvulsant-induced vitamin D deficiency
Authors: Dontseva E. A. , Pilipenko P. I. , Shnayder N. A. , Petrova M. M. , Nasyrova R. F.
Published: October 2022

Background. Epilepsy is a common disease in children and adults, requiring long-term or lifelong use of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in 60% of cases. Enzyme-inducing and enzyme-inhibiting AEDs may have a negative effect on vitamin D metabolism. However, at present, standard treatment protocols for patients with epilepsy include no nutrients and vitamin-mineral vitamin D containing complexes.

Objective: to analyze studies on the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency induced by AEDs intake in patients with epilepsy.

Material and methods. The search for full-text publications in Russian and English was carried out in еLibrary, PubMed/ MEDLINE, ClinicalKey, Google Scholar databases, covering the last five years. The analysis included 9 domestic and 54 foreign epidemiological studies assessing prevalence of AED-induced vitamin D deficiency and, consequently, altered bone mineralization and osteomalacia/osteoporosis.

Results. Both in children and adults, the prevalence of AED-induced vitamin D deficiency reaches 40% and even higher. The region of residence of patients with epilepsy does not significantly affect this indicator. Impaired bone mineralization is associated with AED-induced vitamin D deficiency and requires the inclusion of vitamin D in the protocols of disease-modifying epilepsy therapy in children and adults.

Conclusion. The results of the review showed high relevance of the discussed interdisciplinary problem and need to introduce laboratory screening of vitamin D deficiency among pediatric and adult patients with epilepsy.
Physical comorbidity and its impact on symptom profile of depression in Indian setting 2 (COSPO-DEP-2 study)
Authors: Patel Pragna , Kacha Meera , Jain Amit B. , Dave Nilanj
Published: October 2022

Background: The objective of the study was to determine the symptom profile and prevalence of comorbidities and to understand the prescription patterns of antidepressants among depression patients in India.Methods: The real-world, retrospective, observational COSPO-DEP-2 study was conducted at various centres across India between April 2021 and March 2022.Results: Data of 7288 patients with depression was analyzed. The mean (SD) age of the patients was 45.1 (11.9) years. Majority of the patients were males (54.2%) and literate (92.7%); 53.1% were unemployed; 14.5% were unmarried and other 8.8% patients were divorced or separated. Almost equal proportion of patients were from urban and rural areas. A family history of psychiatric disorder was present in 14.9% patients. More than half (57.3%) of the patients presented with first episode of depression. Mild depression was present in 38.87% patients, moderate depression in 38.06% patients and severe depression in 23.07% patients. Diabetes was the most common comorbid condition (31.5%) followed by hypertension (26.6%), migraine (24.6%), and chronic pain (16.6%). Majority (54%) of patients were prescribed combination of pharmacotherapy with psychotherapy. The most commonly prescribed drug for depression management was escitalopram (57.5%) followed by benzodiazepines (38.7%). Escitalopram was also the most commonly prescribed drug in patients with depression having comorbidities.Conclusions: Depression is common among both genders and more commonly seen among unemployed people and in those with family history of depression. The commonly reported comorbidities include diabetes, hypertension, migraine and chronic pain. Escitalopram is the most commonly used agent followed by benzodiazepines among patients of depression with or without comorbidities.
A study of chronic superficial venous insufficiency in patients with competent saphenofemoral junction
Authors: Peddamallu Sai Karthik Reddy , Koilakonda Ajay Kumar , Appaji Katarey Karthik Santosh
Published: October 2022

Background: Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is a condition that affects the venous system of the lower extremities rendering the superficial, perforating, and deep veins incompetent. This results in venous hypertension causing various pathologies including pain, swelling, edema, skin changes and ulcerations. Traditionally SFJ incompetence was viewed as the primary pathology for varicose veins and Trendelenburg’s surgery is considered as a standard surgical procedure for the treatment of varicose veins. Later studies have shown incidence of chronic superficial venous insufficiency (CSVI) with competent SFJ was seen in as many as about 40% cases. Therefore, present study aims to identify the incidence of CSVI with competent SFJ, severity of disease in these individuals and patient outcome and response to Trendelenburg’s surgery.Methods: Prospective observational study with non-randomised purposive sampling.Results: Prevalence of competent SFJ was about 40.54% in patient with CSVI. 56.7% patients had C4 disease, 26.7% had C6 disease, 13.3% had C5 disease and 3.3% had C2 disease. In all the patients, progression of the disease was arrested after surgical intervention and no recurrence or ulceration was seen by the end of the 3 months.Conclusions: In comparison to patients with CVI with incompetent SFJ, patient with CSVI. Competent SFJ vary in that there is high male preponderance compared to females, disease progression and severity is independent of age and gender. Surgical outcomes were comparable to the patients with CSVI and incompetent SFJ Trendelenburg surgery can be used as the choice of surgical treatment in patients with competent SFJ and CSVI.
Género y energía en Argentina: la participación de las mujeres en el sector de generación eléctrica
Authors: Beaujon Amanda , López David , Méndez Florencia
Published: October 2022

Este es el primer estudio sobre Género y Energía en Argentina que se realiza y que tuvo el objetivo de diagnosticar la participación de las mujeres en el sector. El documento presenta las principales barreras que enfrentan las mujeres para acceder al mercado de trabajo en infraestructura; cuáles son los beneficios de cerrar estas brechas y las oportunidades que se presentarán en el sector de energía como resultado de la transición a fuentes renovables. La publicación incluye un panorama de la situación de género y ocupación en Argentina y presenta un análisis de las brechas de género existentes en el mercado de trabajo en el país. Asimismo, se discuten los resultados de la encuesta que se llevó a cabo como parte de este estudio con las empresas y se realiza un análisis comparativo sobre los resultados encontrados en Argentina con respecto a sus pares regionales y el resto del mundo. Finalmente, la última sección describe las conclusiones y recomendaciones prácticas para cerrar las brechas de género en empresas del sector privado y del público en el área de energía.
Cost and Risk Prediction in Road Transportation of Hazmat by ANFIS Trained with PSO, FA, HBBO and ICA
Authors: Mourad Acouri , Youcef Zennir , Tolba Cherif
Published: October 2022

This paper proposes adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) to predict the risk with its aggregated cost (CR) of an accident in road transportation of hazardous material, the aim is to provide a more accurate and reliable data for the safety of transportation. The determination risk index by the conventional methods such as Risk graphs and deterministic approaches may lead to imprecise values due to the uncertainties, in both parameters and models. The proposed technique is a hybrid schema, which combines the main advantageous of fuzzy logic (address uncertainties) and neural network (learn from a given data). In other hand our study seeks to tune the parameters of the proposed model by particle swarm optimization (PSO), firefly algorithm (FA), imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA) and human based-behavior optimization (HBBO) and hence optimize the performance of ANFIS. The simulation result of this work and the comparative analysis shows that ANFIS yield height performance and the ANFIS-PSO was the outstanding one in the training phase, while ANFIS-FA gives better results in the testing process.
Application of Risk-Oriented Approach for Improvement of the Environmental Security of the Urban Area
Authors: Grafkina Marina Vladimirovna , Sviridova Evgeniya Yurevna
Published: October 2022

Improved comfort of urban environment is inseparably related with consumption and transfer of various types of energy for illumination and heating of buildings, provision of radio and TV broadcasts, mobile communications and transport. Energy transfer is accompanied by generation of electric fields, which propagate in ambient environment and affect human and biota. In this regard, the safety of urban environment becomes more and more urgent issue, especially along highways. This work describes a risk-oriented approach to analysis and estimation of risks of electromagnetic safety of urban territories with consideration for combined action of electromagnetic fields of various frequency range on humans. The authors have analyzed electromagnetic pollution from three most common sources of exposure, and the territories of urban environment have been selected with the highest level of electromagnetic hazard for population. Application of risk-oriented approach to estimation of electromagnetic hazard demonstrates the necessity of improvement of valid normalization system with accounting for simultaneous impact of electromagnetic fields from several sources on human and environment, which would provide development of more efficient measures of city population protection against this negative factor.
Count Models Analysis of Factors Associated with Road Accidents in Nigeria
Authors: Adedotun Adedayo F. , Adesina Olumide S. , Onasanya Olanrewaju K. , Onos Edeki S. , Onuche Odekina G.
Published: October 2022

The current state of all Nigerian roads is in poor condition, and reports of accidents have been recorded across the federation. The larger mission of the sustainable development goal is to promote sustainable cities and communities. This research study aims to examine factors responsible for road accidents in Nigeria through the quantitative tool of higher extensions of the Poisson regression model (ZTNPRM). A cross-sectional study design was adopted and secondary data was used within a sample period from the 1st quarter of 2006 to the 2nd quarter of 2020. Due to overdispersion, ZTNPRM indicates human errors contribute to a large proportion (41.4%) of road accidents. Vehicle factors are also statistically and positively related to road accidents. All the factors this model identified that lead to road accidents predicted low road accidents. Hence, the study recommends that Nigerian car users follow all rules and regulations associated with safe driving and make the environment safer for people as the sustainable development goal (SDGs). This study recommends more attention to the area of accident and injury prevention as a strategic objective of the SDGs.
Flora of water bodies and streams in Saratov region: The history of research and the current status
Authors:   Saratov State University, Sedova Oksana V. , Boldyrev Vladimir A. ,   Saratov State University
Published: October 2022

Water plants and coastal riparian plants are an integral part of the habitat forming component of water ecosystems in Saratov region. This article gives a review of long-term research of flora in many water reservoirs and water streams of the Saratov region. The analysis of literature in its historical aspect showed that the degree of scientific knowledge about water flora in the Saratov region is still insufficient despite multiple research projects conducted at the end of the 20th and beginning of the 21st centuries. At the moment some research is being conducted concerning the inventory and monitoring of flora and plants in the water reservoirs and water streams of the Saratov region. In this work a complete list of water plants and coastal riparian plants is represented. The flora of water vascular plants contains 103 types (including hybrids) of 54 species, 32 plant families and 3 plant divisions. The leading plant families are Potamogetonaceae, Cyperaceae, Typhaceae and Poaceae. The most widespread species are Potamogeton represented by 18 types and 3 hybrids (13 % of all flora). Multi-species are Typha, Carex, Scirpus and Lemna. To identify the proportion of water species in flora of water streams and water reservoirs, the hydrofitness index IHg was used. It showed that the most diverse water flora exist in the Volgograd water reservoir and lakes. In ponds and oxbow lakes coastal plants play an essential role which can be explained by fluctuations in the levels of these water bodies. In water reservoirs and streams of the Saratov region the most highly active ones are Phragmites australis Potamogeton pectinatus, Typha angustifolia, Nuphar lutea, Sparganium erectum. The percentage of active types makes up only 5 % of all water flora. Among registered vascular plants 30 types are included in the Red Book of endangered species of the Saratov region. In the researched flora 9 invasive species were detected, such as Bidens frondosa, Elodea canadensis, Zizania latifolia, Typha laxmannii, Acorus calamus, Hydrilla verticillata, Vallisneria spiralis, Lemna gibba, Lemna minuta.
Evaluation of ctxA gene expression of Vibrio cholerae strain 569B in the production of cholera vaccine
Authors:   Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute Microbe, Vorobeva Svetlana A. , Gaeva Anna V. ,   Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute Microbe, Durakova Oksana S. ,   Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute Microbe, Kritsky Andrey A. ,   Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute Microbe, Gromova Olga V. ,   Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute Microbe, Volokh Oksana A. ,   Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute Microbe
Published: October 2022

Cultivation of production strains of Vibrio cholerae is one of the most important stages in the production of cholera bivalent chemical vaccines. In the production of immunobiological preparations, it is necessary to use producer strains with stable properties that persist in a number of generations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of the ctxA gene using molecular genetic methods of the V. cholerae 569B producing strain. By PCR with electrophoretic accounting of the results, the presence of this strain of the ctxA gene in the chromosome was established. The expression of this gene in all hourly samples of culture fluid was recorded by the method of PCR with reverse transcription, taking into account the results in real time and digital drip PCR. Immunochemical methods confirmed the presence of cholera toxin in the samples, with a maximum mark at the ninth hour, which corresponded to the maximum indicators of the “concentration of microbial cells”. Thus, molecular genetic methods have shown the stability of the production strain V. cholerae 569B in samples of 4 independent cultivations.
Phylogenetic relationships of scorpions of the genus Mesobuthus (Vachon, 1950) from the Lower Volga and Southern Urals
Authors:   Saratov State University, Poverenniy Nikita M. , Anikin Vasily V. ,   Saratov State University
Published: October 2022

The article presents data on the new location of scorpions of the genus Mesobuthus in the Orenburg Nature Reserve. The aim of the work is to determine the species on the basis of the identified morphological features of populations living in the Southern Urals (the territory of the Orenburg Nature Reserve, Orenburg region, Kuvandyksky Mountains. the district, the vicinity of Aituar village) and phylogenetic relationships with populations living on the territory of the Lower Volga region (Krasnoarmeysky district of the Saratov region, Kamyshinsky district of the Volgograd region, Akhtubinsky district of the Astrakhan region) based on a comparison of nucleotide sequences of COI gene fragments. DNA was isolated from metasomal segments and sequenced using the Sanger reaction. Multiple analysis was performed using the tools of the MEGA X software package. The data obtained by the authors in the course of their work contribute to the development of ideas about phylogenetic relationships between populations of scorpions of the genus Mesobuthus living in the Palearctic in the territories of the Sakhar-Gobi and Scythian steppe regions. In the course of the study, specific morphological features were identified for the Orenburg scorpion population, such as: the number of pectin teeth, the color of the chelicerae of the shell and tergite; the shape of the telson. Thus, the data obtained during the multiple analysis of the decoded DNA sequences confirm the presence of closely related links between the Lower Volga and South Ural scorpion populations. The distinctive features identified during morphological analysis are of interest for further comparative morphological studies in the framework of studying the phylogeny of the genus Mesobuthus.
The Importance of Moving Towards Entrepreneur University in Health Section
Authors: Khayatan Mahdi , Bahrevar Vali , Hosseini Saeed
Published: October 2022

The article abstract is not available.
investigating the effect of Infodemic on the Perception and Willingness to Take the COVID – 19 Vaccine in Delta State, Nigeria
Authors: Kingsley Egun Nkonyeasua , Chukwuemeke Igborgbor Jude
Published: October 2022

Introduction: The rollout of COVID-19 vaccine in response to the COVID-19 pandemic has been accompanied by infodemic. This study ascertained the influence of infodemic on individuals’ willingness to be vaccinated for increased vaccine coverage in Delta State.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 2500 respondents across the twenty five Local Government Areas in Delta State, with age of at least 15 years were selected using stratified random sampling to provide an appropriate demographic representation. A researcher – made questionnaire including demographic characteristics and questions related to participants' knowledge and attitude regarding COVID-19 vaccine was used. Descriptive Statistics of Frequency (Percentage) was used for data analysis using Microsoft Excel software version 2016.
Results: Demography of respondents showed that secondary education was highest (43%), while 50% of the respondents were urban dwellers. 80.44% of the respondents admitted to the existence of the virus, while 45.84% admitted to its existence in Delta State. 27.68% of the respondents were willing to take the COVID-19 vaccine; while 58.08% declined. 63% of respondents had access to social media; and majority of them (52%) admitted to not verifying health information seen on social media with medical experts. Majority of the respondents willing to take the vaccine were aged 45 to 60 years (42.37%); reside in urban areas, have tertiary education, access to social media; and often verified health information with medical experts. Infodemic about the COVID-19 vaccine and lack of trust in the government were identified as the major debilitating factors to the public acceptance of the vaccine.
Conclusion: Improving  COVID-19 vaccine coverage in Delta State requires a holistic approach of combating misinformation about the vaccine,, regulation of health information shared on the social media space, and criminalizing the act of infodemic.
The Factors Influencing Sleep Quality and Its Related Disorders in Process, Manufacturing, and Service Industries: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ramezanifar Soleiman , Ramezanifar Ehsan , Sahlabadi Ali Salehi
Published: October 2022

Background and Objective: Numerous factors in industrial environments affect employees' sleep quality and cause or exacerbate poor sleep quality and its related disorders. This study was conducted with the aim to investigate factors influencing sleep quality and its related disorders in the process, manufacturing, and service industries.
Materials and Methods: In this study, the related articles published in the Embase, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, Magiran, SID, IranMedex, and IranDoc databases from 2010 to 2021 were completely reviewed. Some of the used search terms were "sleep", "sleep quality", "sleep disorder", "process industry", "manufacturing industry", and "service industry". All parts of the articles were reviewed to extract the required data.
Results: Out of the 431 studies identified through a systematic search, 59 articles were eligible for analysis, of which 19 studies were conducted in process industries, 35 studies in service industries, and 5 studies in manufacturing industries. In process industries, factors such as anxiety, depression, shift work, job stress, and exposure to high noise and vibration reduce workers' sleep quality. In the manufacturing industry, work stress, and shift work impair sleep quality. Inadequate sleep quality was common in the service industry, and several factors, including depression, job stress, shift work, and musculoskeletal disorders play a role in this regard.
Conclusion: The results indicate that working conditions are such that people's sleep can be affected by various factors, so more attention should be paid to sleep health. Shift plans should be implemented following the best method. Moreover, it is critical to focus on sleep quality and its related issues in the workplace.
Predicting the Quality of Sleep Based on Job Burnout and the Anxiety of Being Infected by the Coronavirus among the Treatment Staff Taking Care of Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Katani Amir Mahdi , Lavaf Arani Mohammad Javad , Derakhshani Mehdi , Bakhtiari Maryam
Published: October 2022

Background and Objective: Psychological problems including sleeping problems, anxiety, and job burnout are more prevalent among the treatment staff of the patients who suffer from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) rather than other treatment staff. Therefore, the current study aimed to predict the quality of sleep based on job burnout and the anxiety of being infected by the disease among this staff.
Materials and Methods: The current study was a cross-sectional research in which 215 participants from the treatment staff filled out the relevant questionnaires online. The sampling was performed by available method and the instruments included Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (CDAS), and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Finally, the data were analyzed in two sections of descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS software.
Results: A correlation among all variables was observed. Moreover, the total model was significant (adjusted r² = 0.37, P = 0.01) and COVID-19 anxiety (standardized beta = 0.33, P = 0.01) and emotional exhaustion (standardized beta = 0.40, P = 0.01) predicted the sleep quality more than variables of depersonalization (standardized beta = -0.22, P = 0.01) and feeling of success (standardized beta = -0.12, P = 0.06).
Conclusion: COVID-19 anxiety and job burnout are good predictors for sleep problems in the treatment staff of the patients who suffer from COVID-19.
Comparison of Personality Profile and Sleep Quality of Patients with COPD and Healthy People
Authors: Arian Moslem , Ehsani Amirreza , Akbari Farkhani Vahid , Doustmehraban Maryam , Shojaei Seyedeh Fahimeh
Published: October 2022

Background and Objective: Respiratory disorders affect the personality traits and quality of sleep in pulmonary patients. The purpose of this study was to compare sleep quality and personality factors in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and healthy individuals.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional project, 70 participants with convenience sampling were enrolled. These participants were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 consisted of 35 patients with respiratory disorders who were admitted to Firoozgar Hospital, Tehran, Iran, to take pulmonary care and group 2 consisted of 35 healthy people from the patients’ families. All were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PF). Statistical analysis of data was performed by SPSS software.
Results: There was a significant difference between personality factors in two groups, so that mean of B (reasoning), C (emotional stability), E (dominance), F (liveliness), G (rule consciousness), H (social boldness, and Q3 (perfectionism) factors in the healthy group was higher than the patient group and the mean of M (abstractedness), O (apprehension), and Q4 (tension) factors in the patient group was higher than the healthy group. The mean difference in sleep quality was also significant (P < 0.01) and indicated that patient group had more sleep problems and their sleep quality was poor.
Conclusion: In order to help patients with pulmonary disorders, evaluation of personality status and quality of sleep should be considered. This consideration can help the patients to receive better treatment and their psychological and physical problems would be considered simultaneously.
Investigation of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Women in Solid Waste Recycling in Kashan
Authors: Akbari Marzieh , Rahimi Habibollah , Zavareh Fatemeh Hamamian , Mostafaei Gholamreza , Rahmani Hasan
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Recycling is one of the main elements of comprehensive waste management. This study aims to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of women towards solid waste recycling in Kashan.
 Methods: In this descriptive study, 368 women were selected from households by random sampling. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22 with descriptive statistics and analytical tests at a significance level of 0.05.
Results: The scores of knowledge, attitude, and practice of women were 4.1±83.74, 14.3±75.54, and 4.1±45.29, respectively. The results showed that 37.2% of women in Kashan had good knowledge, 43.1% had good attitude, and 57.2% had good performance towards solid waste recycling. A significant difference was observed between the level of performance among different educational groups in terms of attitude and knowledge, between the level of knowledge of individuals and occupational groups, and between the level of knowledge of people in terms of marital status, and between different groups of owners and tenants in terms of knowledge.
Conclusion: It seems that the performance of women in Kashan was at an acceptable level compared to others participants in other studies.
The Effect of Yoga and Pilates Exercises on the Motor Ability of Female Elderly during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Niri Elham Dehghan , Sheikh Mahmoud , Boroujeni Shahzad Tahmasebi
Published: October 2022

Introduction: The present study aims to investigate the effect of yoga and Pilates exercises on the motor ability of female elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design along with a control group. The statistical population was all the female elderly of Yazd city in elderly care and welfare centers. For statistical sampling, by referring to elderly care and welfare centers, a list of elderly (over 60 years old) of Yazd city was prepared and those who were willing to participate in the study were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups of 12 people, including yoga, Pilates, and control groups. Measurement tools included a motor ability test. The yoga and Pilates groups performed 6-week interventions, the control group did not perform any exercise interventions during the study, and only pre-test and post-test were taken from this group.
Results: The results of the LSD test showed that the motor ability variable in the post-test had the best performance in the Pilates group. The results of the correlated t-test showed that the two Pilates and yoga groups in the post-test showed better motor ability compared to the pre-test. However, in the control group, there was no significant change from pre-test to post-test.
Conclusion: By examining these studies, it can be said that functional interventions will probably have a positive effect on the performance of fine movements of different groups, especially the elderly.
Ordenamento Territorial e Amazo?nia: vinte anos de experie?ncias de Zoneamento Ecolo?gico e Econo?mico
Authors: Messias da Costa Wanderley
Published: October 2022

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Pesca Artesanal Feminina na Comunidade Porto Grande – São João da Ponta (PA)
Authors: De Azevedo Adriane Karina Amin , De Moraes Sérgio Cardoso
Published: October 2022

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Outorga Onerosa do Direito de Construir em Município com Processo Acelerado de Expansão e Urbanização: o caso de Marabá, Pará (2006 – 2013)
Authors: Malaquias da Costa Gibran , Vasconcellos Sobrinho Mário , De Albuquerque Vasconcellos Ana Maria
Published: October 2022

O artigo discute a aplicação da Outorga Onerosa do Direito de Construir (OODC) enquanto instrumento de gestão da política urbana preconizado pelo Estatuto da Cidade. Em particular, debate a implantação da OODC em Marabá, estado do Pará no período de 2006 – 2013. Marabá foi escolhido por ser um município que sofre acelerado processo de expansão e urbanização. Trata-se de uma pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa que apreendeu dados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com técnicos e gestores de instituições públicas envolvidas na implantação do  instrumento no município. O artigo demonstra que até o momento a implantação da OODC em cidades de médio porte tem sido limitado em escopo e resultados. Isto se dá por vários motivos. Destacam-se entre eles a falta de  entendimento do significado de OODC, a carência de capital humano para sua aplicabilidade e falta de normatização do cálculo a ser adotado.
Desenvolvimento Local Sustentável como Liberdade: Planejamento Estratégico de Organização Comunitária
Authors: Gomes da Silva Cleber , Simone Oliveira Flor Alessandra , Monteiro Marcia , Luiz Ramos Barbosa Wagner
Published: October 2022

Este trabalho relata a análise das perspectivas das participantes do grupo Erva Vida, a partir da discussão de estratégias que contribuam para o processo de desenvolvimento local sustentável, alicerçando seu arcabouço teórico, na apropriação do conceito de Instrumental Freedoms (IF’s) ou liberdades instrumentais, discutidas por Amartya Sen (2000).
Gobernanza y Participación Ciudadana nn la Administración Pública Española: Avances, Retrocesos y Aprendizajes
Authors: Pineda Nebot Carmen , Pinheiro de Andrade Herbert Cristhiano
Published: October 2022

Diversos países que sufrieron regímenes dictatoriales han buscado desarrollar una democracia plena. En esa transición, la estructura política, legal,  geográfica, gubernamental, económica y de administración pública también sufre transformaciones. En este sentido, la participación ciudadana en la administración pública y la gobernanza democrática emergen como enfoques a alcanzar en el proceso de desarrollo de la democracia. Con esta concepción, el objetivo de este artículo es analizar este proceso en España.  Específicamente, se buscó identificar en ese proceso los avances, retrocesos yaprendizajes.