bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seismic Performance of SFRC Piers under Reversed Cyclic Loading
Authors: Zhang Yu Ye , Wei Hong Yi , Yuan Wan Cheng , Hu Wei
Published: June 2012

Steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) has many good dynamic performances such as toughness and ductility. However, few studies have focused on SFRC’s application in bearing member of bridge structures. In this paper, pseudo-static cyclic tests of eight pier specimens are carried out to investigate seismic behavior of piers using SFRC. The main variables in the testing are the steel fiber content (volume fraction of 0.0%, 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5%), the length of SFRC region and the stirrup ratio of piers. Seismic behavior of the test specimens, like the failure pattern, the hysteretic characteristics, the skeleton curves, the ductility and the energy dissipation are investigated experimentally. The results show that, 1) the SFRC pier with the steel fiber volume fraction of 1.0% has much better performance than that with other fiber volume contents, particularly for bearing capacity, hysteretic energy dissipation and ductility; 2) the pier specimen can keep sufficient seismic capacity, in which some stirrups are replaced by steel fibers; and 3) compared with specimen with application of SFRC in entire pier, the specimen with appropriate local application of SFRC in potential plastic hinge region can sustain almost the same seismic properties, such as the ultimate bearing capacity, the stiffness, the ductility and the energy dissipation capacity.
Spatial Effects and Broken-up Analysis for Bottom Plates of Box Girders in a Large Span Rigid Frame - Continuous Beam Bridge
Authors: Zuo Xin Dai , Qu Zhao Le , Ge Bin
Published: June 2012

The author took a rigid frame-continuous beam bridge for example, analyzed by means of plane finite element and space finite element methods. In the space model, corrugated pipes were built in order to consider the weaken effects to cross-sections. Aimed at the least well stage which is after prestressing and before grouting, spatial stresses were indicated. Final results indicate exceeded transverse tensile stresses caused by radial forces are the most important factor which led to bursting cracks.
FEM Study on Shear Stiffness of Sloping Segmental Joints in Cantilever Casting Concrete Bridges
Authors: Zhang Wei , Wang Zong Lin , Tian Shi Zhu
Published: June 2012

Based on the conclusion of shear stiffness experiment of vertical segmental joint in cantilever casting concrete bridges (CCCB), finite element models (FEM) study was conducted to assess the shear stiffness of sloping segmental joints in this paper. Through the comparison of calculating relative vertical displacement at joint between vertical and sloping joint, it can be educed that the shear stiffness of slope joint between 5º ~15º increasing as the increasing of slope angle is consistently higher than vertical joint.
Mechanical Analysis for Anchorage Zone Connecting Main Cable and Main Girger of Self-Anchored Suspension Bridge
Authors: Su Qing Tian , Wang Dong Fang
Published: June 2012

Self-anchored suspension bridge is a self-balancing system by anchored the main cable at each end of main girder. With complicated configuration and important rule of transferring tension in main cable to main girder, the anchorage region is one of the most critical issues during designing a self-anchored suspension bridge. It is impossible to fully understand the mechanical behavior only by spatial beam and column model but spatial refined model. Because the behavior of anchorage region is greatly influenced by its boundary condition, in this paper, reasonable length of main girder in calculation model is discussed based on the spatial refined model. The mechanical behavior of initial anchorage structure is calculated. A modified anchorage configuration is proposed according to the stresses distribution of anchorage zone. Calculation results show the modified anchorage configuration can make the force transferring smoothly and decrease the stresses of anchorage structure, and it can be referenced to similar bridges.
A Multi-Purpose Offshore Operation Platform for the Construction of Sea-Crossing Bridge
Authors: Gan Jin , Jin Meng Ju , Wu Wei Guo , Yao Jin
Published: June 2012

According to the characteristics and the development tendency of sea-crossing bridge construction, a concept of multi-purpose offshore operation platform for the construction of sea-crossing bridge is introduced in this paper. Meanwhile, the structure design plan and the features and advantages of the platform for sea-crossing bridge construction are listed in detail. The analysis shows that the multi-purpose offshore operation platform based on the modularization design concept could complete the tasks of sea-crossing bridge construction safely and efficiently. Due to the application of multi-purpose offshore operation platform, the construction cost of bridge should be reduced and the economy of project construction should be improved.
Research of the Practical Calculation Method and Procedure of Long Self-Anchored Suspension Bridge
Authors: Tang Mian , Ning Yu Cai , Xu Xia , He Xu Hui
Published: June 2012

Abstract:Based on the deflection theory and the virtual displacement principle, the stress state of different components of the self-anchored suspension bridge was analyzed; the formulas denoted by trigonometric series for computing the internal force and deformation of the stiffened girder, were derived respectively under a variety of loads, and the cable force was determined under the live load combined with Newton-Simpson iteration approach. On the basis, a practical method to calculate the internal force and deformation of the stiffening girder of self-anchored suspension bridge, was presented, and also the corresponding analysis program. Then, Sanchaji Bridge across Xiangjiang River in Changsha (self-anchored suspension bridge, main span of 328m), was taken for example, the calculation results compared with finite displacement theory, proved it to be simple, convenient, accurate and reliable; if the distribution of the hangers is uniform, the results were consistent between deflection theory and finite displacement theory. This shows that, this method proposed by this paper can be used to study the influences of design parameters, having on the internal force and deformation of self-anchored suspension bridge, especially in the preliminary design stage, can be easy for the selection of the main design parameters.
Prediction Analysis of Pit Deformation Based on Spatial Data Mining
Authors: Lu Zhi Gang , Gong Jian Ya , Liu Xing Quan
Published: June 2012

Pit excavation was easy to cause the deformation of the supporting structure and surrounding soil, and brought serious harm to the surrounding buildings and urban underground pipelines. How to carry on a comprehensive analysis of inter-linked pit monitoring points, and improve the overall prediction accuracy was the urgent problem needed to be solved in scientific predictions of pit deformation. In order to establish the multi-variable gray theory GM(1,N) first-order linear dynamic model, using pit mutual influential settlement deformation monitoring data, and the correlation degree analysis, it filtered out the parent sequence WY09 point as the object to be analyzed, and the remaining points were as the systematic analysis of influencing factors, and WY09 point settlement predictions was calculated. According to the comparison analysis of the prediction results and engineering measured results, GM(1,N) model overall prediction accuracy was higher than GM(2,1) model, and prediction results were almost consistent with the measured results, so good effects was produced.
The Characteristics of Porous Solar Wall Heating System with Localized UFAD
Authors: Ouyang Li , Liu Wei
Published: June 2012

In this paper, the physical models of the porous solar wall heating system with localized underfloor air distribution (UFAD) are established. Based on Brinkman-Forchheimer Extended Darcy and energy two-equation models for saturated porous medium, the influences of the structure of underfloor space on the heat transfer and flow characteristics of the system are simulated, analyzed and compared.The results show that the underfloor space with rational partition is good for improving the heat transfer and flow characteristics of system, and maintaining the cable system in the underfloor space.
Seismic Response and Earthquake Mitigation Optimal Analysis of Self-Anchored Suspension Bridge
Authors: Song Xu Ming , Tang Mian
Published: June 2012

This paper established a spatial nonlinear finite element model based on the earthquake dynamic equation and the seismic response of a self-anchored suspension bridge is calculated. Taking the pylon bottom force as objective function, optimization theory is used to obtain the viscous damper parameters. Seismic responses of viscous dampers in different positions are also discussed. The results show that pylon bottom moment is 117492.0KN•m in earthquake and it is a key factor for bridge design. The best parameters of viscous dampers can be obtained using optimization theory and the calculating work reduced largely. Longitudinal displacement of the girder reduced 83% and the pylon bottom longitudinal moment reduced 62% if install viscous damper with appropriate parameters. The positions of dampers installed affect the seismic response largely, the variety of force and displacement in the structure must be fully considered.
Bridge Safety Quick Test Vehicle Feasibility Development Research
Authors: Huang Xiao Min , Song Jin Bo
Published: June 2012

Bridge construction is the national important foundation construction of bridge engineering, is the relationship between society and economy to coordinate development of lifeline engineering. Bridge construction of rapid development, huge capital investment, the economic society of the prominent role, making it to the bridge's safety, durability, more and more attention. Based on the analysis of detection results of existing bridges, bridge on the future work state of speculation, pointed out the possible development trend for the future to provide advice, bridge maintenance. As the bridge reinforcement and reconstruction to provide accurate and comprehensive data. The results of this study, can be formed quickly, economy of bridge health monitoring technology for bridge health security situation in the initial judgement; through the acquisition of the data of bridge health security archives; acquisition project archives data and webGIS docking platform form a" bridge based on webGIS project archives management system " for the future highway bridge maintenance and strengthening of decision making the corresponding reference. The project also has safety, economy, practical, convenient, and many other characteristics suitable for road and Bridge Health census and safety risk assessment.
Method of Damage Evaluation of Long-Span Arch Bridge Subjected to Blast Loading
Authors: He Li , Qian Yong Jiu
Published: June 2012

A variety of conventional weapons equipped with explosive are used to destroy the significant long-span arch bridge. Because of the special function of the weapons and the complexity of the arch bridge, the damage results with the features of uncertainty and fuzzy are assessed with fuzzy theory. Combined with the standards for technical condition evaluation of highway bridges and wartime specific requirements, the fuzzy mathematical model based on the fuzzy mathematics theory and method is established to judgment comprehensively the arch technical condition. The hirarchy fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is applied to determine the technical state grade of the damaged arch bridge. The method of damage evaluation provides the effective reference for the emergency repairmen of the arch bridges.
Research on Alignment Error of Cable-Stayed Bridge Based on Stream of Variation
Authors: Shen Lin , Liu Lai Jun
Published: June 2012

Based on the model of discrete-time linear systems, the paper builds up the state space model of cantilever assembly method by studying the stream of variation theory. To address the problem of evaluation in alignment error, the evolution index of comprehensive stability is presented after comparing the advantage and disadvantage of evaluation index of point stability and evaluation index of slope stability. The method of evolution index of comprehensive stability is demonstrated by evaluating the alignment error of a long-span cable-stayed bridge, and it can accurately evaluate the error of assembly process.
Solar Radiation-Induced Temperature Variation of Concrete Bridge Piers
Authors: Chen Bo , Li Xiu Jin , Pan Han Ming , Zheng Jin
Published: June 2012

The dynamic temperature field of a concrete pier is actively studied in this study with the aiding of the commercial package ANSYS. Thermal boundary conditions are utilized to obtain the temperature distribution of the concrete bridge pier. The surface temperature of the pier is measured by using a thermal infrared imager at different time instant. The ambient temperature and wind velocity are also collected at the same time. The made observations demonstrate that the simulated temperature variation of the concrete pier agrees well with measurement results. The thermal gradient of the concrete in the thickness direction is a little large. It is seen that the numerical models can successfully predict the structural temperature field at different time. The methodology employed in the paper can be applied to other concrete bridges as well.
Static and Dynamic Test Detection of Steel Tube Truss Arch Bridge
Authors: Li Xiao Li , Sun Zong Guang , Fan Ying Fang
Published: June 2012

Static and dynamic test of 85m span half-through steel tube concrete truss arch were in. Follow contents were determined in the static test:control section deflection of steel tube concrete arch rib under test load;deck control section deflection and strain measuring in test load;deflection and strain measuring of suspender beam;strain test of suspender;crack observation of beam in loading. The deflection and strain measuring point of deck control section were on the beam. The content of dynamic load test :the measuring of impact coefficient、natural frequency and cable tension by frequency methods. Finally, operational situation of bridge was estimated.
Finite Element Stress Analysis on Crotch Joint of A-Type Super-High Pier
Authors: Tang Chun Ping , Zhang Liang Liang , Luo Xiao Liang
Published: June 2012

Using ANSYS software to make a non-linear numerical simulation of the joints at A type super-high pier crotch ,and get the stress distribution of the crotch joints in different load combinations. The results can serve as theoretic reference for the joints design and the mechanical property analysis on this kind of structural components.
Eco-Design of the Interior Light Environment
Authors: Liu Xiao , Wang Bing
Published: June 2012

This paper discussed on constructing the light of the environment, the energy saving products of light environment and psychology, etc. This gives quantitative index in the face of the position of the light source, the color of the light and brightness of the light, and also provides products of green energy. Finally, an indoor ecological design plan of light environmental is given, which would provides important theoretical basis for the indoor ecological design.
Analysis of the Closure Method of Cantilever Construction PC Box-Girder Bridge with Corrugated Steel Webs under Asymmetric Constraint
Authors: Wang Yi Li , Li Ming Hong , Wan Shui , Zhang Jian Dong
Published: June 2012

The 4th Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge North Terminal Chuhe Bridge is a prestressed concrete composite box-girder bridge with corrugated steel webs constructed by cast-in-place cantilever method. In order to shorten the construction period, it takes the closure scheme which is under asymmetric constraint. In this paper the force and stress in each important construction stage under different closure schemes were analyzed. The results showed that the procedure of the closure method under asymmetric constraint is feasible.
Modeling the Effects of Rainfall on Urban Freeway Free-Flow Speeds
Authors: Shi Li Juan , Cheng Yang , Ou Dong Xiu , Chen Xiao Hong
Published: June 2012

This paper presents an investigation of the effects of rainfall with varying precipitation intensity at every millimeter interval on urban freeway free-flow speeds. The traffic data and corresponding weather information data from the Inner Ring in Shanghai for more than one year were used. Statistical and regression analysis were applied to investigate the effects quantitatively. There are three major contributions of this paper. Firstly, statistical analysis indicates that the rainfall does not significantly affect the speeds variability until the flow rate reaches to a certain level, such as 400veh/h/ln in this study. Secondly, the variation pattern of mean speeds at every millimeter interval of precipitation intensity was investigated. Thirdly, it is the first study to model the effects of precipitation intensity at every millimeter interval on free-flow speeds. Both piecewise linear model and natural logarithm model were used to model the effects of precipitation intensity. By comparing the two models, the piecewise linear model is proposed in this study.
Study on Traffic Flow Parameters Model of Expressway Interchanges Opening Distance
Authors: Liu Wei , Chen Xia , Hu Ayong
Published: June 2012

The operational safety and service quality of urban expressway are greatly affected by the distance of interchange opening. This paper definited the distance of 4 kinds of opening combination modes, showed the calculation models, and established a piecewise function model of opening distance, traffic volume and speed. It also proposed that, meeting the requirements of minimum distance, the opening distance should be determined with the consideration of actual road traffic conditions, by analyzing the relationship between the opening distance, traffic volume and speed. The results can be the references for the traffic management and the planning and designing of urban expressway interchange.
Weighted Network Model of Urban Traffic
Authors: Song Jun , Wang Jun Feng , He Tong Lin , Deng Meng De
Published: June 2012

We study the urban sub-traffic network, which amounts to 140 crossroads among the total ones in Beijing traffic organization. And an undirected, weighted network representation is adapted to the Beijing urban transportation network, where the vertices (nodes) correspond to the chosen crossroads and the weighted edges (links) to the travel speed among them. The complementary cumulative distribution and correlation of the topological structure are analyzed revealing that the network presents small-world property. The statistical properties of the network structure exhibit that there is linear, positive correlation between the strength of some node and the average strength of its neighbors. It is demonstrated that the weight-balance relations of the nodes conform to power-law distribution. Besides, for the communities (consisting definite number of nodes and the links completely connecting them), the average strength of the nodes is linearly proportional to the mean weight of the links.
Study on Evaluation Index System of Traffic Simulation under the Concept of Low-Carbon
Authors: Zhao Hui , Chen Jun Hua
Published: June 2012

Evaluation index system of traffic simulation is very important to compare the difference of several cases, which contributes to the advance of traffic simulation models and technologies. Under the concept of low-carbon, the paper establishes evaluation index system of traffic simulation. Firstly, the paper analyzes the requirements of the evaluation index system of traffic simulation from two aspects which are the application characteristics and the application under the concept of low-carbon of traffic simulation models and technologies. On the basis of analysis above, it establishes the evaluation index system of traffic simulation which concludes road network structure index, traffic operation state index, traffic environment index and traffic safety index. It proposes the application rules of evaluation index system. Then, it proposes the two-level combined evaluation method for calculating weights on the basis of comparative analysis about two methods, which are the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method and entropy method. Finally, it applies the proposed evaluation system to calculate the comprehensive index values of two transit operation cases of Beijing Olympic Games Opening Ceremony audience evacuation. It is shown that evaluation index system of traffic simulation is practicable and effective.
Research on Construction of Mobile Payment System Based on the Phone Financial IC Card
Authors: Liu Wei , Zhang Jin Long , Yang Guang Ming
Published: June 2012

With the rapid growth in the number of the domestic mobile phone users and the widespread use of the third generation (3G) mobile communication technology, mobile payment will become a new means of payment and be gradually accepted. At present, many cities and regions already have a Phone Financial IC card which can provide contact and Non-contact applications of consumer who use the Point of Sales (POS), the phone financial IC card is the SIM card which comply with the financial specifications PBOC2.0, it can provide an individual customer with a debit or credit services and pure e-wallet functions of financial payment. Mobile payment system based on the phone financial IC card will achieve savings, air deposit, inquiries, payments, communications and other functions. On the basis of the project, this paper depicts and analyses the mobile payment system architecture, business functions and key technologies.
The Research on Electronic Commerce Logistics Integration Mode of the Automobile Manufacturing Enterprises
Authors: Ji Shou Wen , Ma Hui Juan , Wu Wen Ling
Published: June 2012

The traditional mode of the automobile manufacturing enterprise (ECL) integration is reviewed firstly. Relying on distribution center and its information platform and according to the development trend of the automobile manufacturing, a new integration mode——supply chain logistics intensive operation mode is put forward. The process and characteristics of this mode are analyzed; its logical model is established. At the end, this article analyzes the significance of the new mode to the car industry.
Research on the Combination Model of Short-Term Traffic Flow Forecasting
Authors: Liu Yuan Lin , Hu Wu Sheng , Li Su Lan , Li Hong Wei
Published: June 2012

Short-term traffic flow is difficult to predict accurately and real-time, owing to the characteristics of very complexity, randomness, nonlinearity and uncertainty, etc.. In this paper, the method of combining multiple linear regression with back propagation (BP) neural network was proposed, using BP neural network to compensate the model error of multiple linear regression. The combination model and the corresponding algorithm program was made, and used to pedict the short-term traffic flow. Two different methods of selecting the input layer parameters were used and compared, while the new method has higher accuracy and stability.
Design and Simulation of Urban Road Intersection Signal Linear Control System
Authors: Sun Sheng Nan , Xiao Wu , Qiu Xin , Chen Jiong Di , Ying Li Xian
Published: June 2012

In order to solve the contradiction between the supply and demand of traffic system, reduce traffic delay and improve the motor vehicle traffic capacity, the traffic engineering related theory knowledge is used and the existing research results at home and abroad is combined with. The purpose is to design the program: linear control system, based on the systemic analysis of some aspects such as the motor vehicle traffic capacity, traffic delay, signal period and peak hour traffic demand, which takes traffic delay time and capacity as evaluation index, by VISSIM microscopic simulation software, to compare and analyze the condition of traffic signal timing before and after optimization, which verifies that the linear control system effectively improve traffic capacity of the crossing and reduce the delay in the intersection.
The Development Trend of Green Residential Interior Design
Authors: Xu Xuan Yin
Published: June 2012

With the continuous improvement of living standard, the requirement of interior design is rising today. It caused an uncoordinated between Interior design and architectural design, and a defect of excessive decoration. Thus, it became an inevitable trend, it using the concept of "green design" in the residential interior design. The key question is Instill the concept of environmental protection, focus on people-oriented, use the efficient and intelligent devices, select the green furniture, and collaboration with interior designers and architectural designer.
Safety Evaluation for Signalized Intersections Using GIS Techniques and Statistic Analysis
Authors: Zhang Cui Ping , Yan Xue Dong , An Mei Wu , Wang Bin , Zhao Hui
Published: June 2012

This paper presents a systematic GIS-based method to identify and evaluate signalized intersections for purposes of transportation safety planning. The intersections were analyzed and compared based on the crash average hazard index which is the average of five safety measures: total number of crashes, total number of injury and fatal crashes, total crash exposure rate, injury/fatal exposure rate, and weighted hazard index (WHI). The GIS technique along with statistics analysis is utilized to estimate the signalized intersection’s risk distribution in terms of the averaged hazard index. It results in priority ranking of signalized intersections from the most dangerous to the least dangerous hazard levels. The method and results can assist engineers, planners and decision-makers in identifying critical intersections with potential for safety improvement.
Design of Fast Performance Testing & Analysis System of Road Traffic Markings
Authors: Ma Jun , Su Wen Ying
Published: June 2012

In view of the heavy workload and the lack of objective measurement and evaluation standards of disrepair rate during the performance testing of road traffic marking, this paper is designed to present a system that can be installed in an automobile and automatically track and analyze the performance of traffic marking. The system consists of a carrying vehicle, GPS, IMU, line-array cameras, frame grabbers, data acquisition software and data analysis software. Based on image enhancement and image segmentation technology, the system is designed with a set of effective road traffic marking automatic detection algorithms, which can automatically measure and analyze the properties of road traffic markings, such as disrepair rate, width, length, longitudinal distance, horizontal distance and so on.
Experimental Analysis of Quadrilateral Positioning Algorithm for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks
Authors: Wang Jiang Feng , Yan Xue Dong , Nie Shuo , Li Xiao Meng
Published: June 2012

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) form when vehicles are equipped with devices capable of short-range wireless communication. Accurate wireless positioning of VANETs is a challenging task, which requires a robust wireless positioning algorithm. In this study, a quadrilateral positioning algorithm is proposed to estimate the moving vehicle node’s position in VANETs based on the wireless signal’s “distance-loss” model and geometric relationship. Furthermore, a wireless positioning experimental platform was created to test the positioning algorithm applications in field. The experimental results show that when the moving node is inside the fixed nodes, the positioning accuracy is much higher than the case that the moving node is outside the fixed nodes; when the moving node is located in the middle of the experimental field, the positioning accuracy is higher than located at the corner areas in the test field.
Fuzzy Sliding Mode Control for Attitude of Flapping Wing Micro Aerial Vehicle Based on Variable Rate Reaching Law
Authors: Hu Sheng Bin , Lu Wen Hua , Chen Zhi Yi , Lei Lei , Zhang Yi Xuan
Published: June 2012

A fuzzy sliding mode control scheme based on variable rate reaching law for attitude control of flapping wing micro aerial vehicle is proposed in this paper. Based on the feedback linearization technique, a sliding mode controller is designed. To faster response speed, a fuzzy controller is designed to adaptively tune the slope of sliding mode surface. To reduce the chattering, the variable rate reaching law is proposed. The variable rate reaching law is composed of the distance from current point to sliding mode surface in phase plane. The simulation studies for attitude control of a flapping wing micro aerial vehicle have been carried out. Simulation results show that the proposed control scheme is effective.
Research and Development Status of Heat Pump System for Electric Vehicle
Authors: Zhou Guang Hui , Li Yin Fei , Liu Yin
Published: June 2012

Comparing to fuel vehicle, electric vehicle does not apply the heat of the engine as one of the heat resources. Therefore, many heating ideas are proposed to use on Electric vehicle.This paper analyzes the attributes of various heating methods. Heat pump system is the most popular trend of the electric vehicle business, due to the high efficiency. It suggests different heat pump systems, illustrates the trend of future market, and compares the performance of electric vehicle heat pump system using different cryogen.
Study on the Experiment of the Safety of C62BK-Wagon Loaded Running on Sharp Curves after Raising the Limited Height of Gravity Center
Authors: Liu Hui , Liu Zuo Yi , Shen Meng Qing
Published: June 2012

With the development of heavy haul freight transportation in China, the standard of the limited center height of gravity for car loaded will change heavily. The sharp curve is an unsubstantial part in the rail, reasonably working out the standard must obtain the deeply research of the process of vehicles running on sharp curves. Relying on the experiment and regarding the derailment coefficient and rate of wheel load reduction as the safety assessment standard, study is conducted concerning the safety of C62BK-wagon loaded running on sharp curves of Beijing-Chengde line, through statistical analysis of experimental data. At last, the safety technical requirements are put forward regarding C62BK-wagon with gravity center height of 2.4 m running through sharp curves.
The Hollowing Test Method Research in Constructional Floor and Decoration Projects
Authors: Zhang Jin Yang , Gao Xiu
Published: June 2012

The constructional decoration and constructional flooring projects are the important parts in constructional engineering and currently the qualities of face tile attachment and plaster layer adhering are checked by means of visual observation and gentle knocking with small hammer after the end of project. However, the said conventional visual observation and knocking test methods are more in subjective randomness and low in efficiency to result in poor inspection effect. With the principle of the rebound value being abnormally quite low in case there are air holes or hollowing in the process of compressive strength test of materials with rebound method, the hollowing defect distributions in constructional flooring and architectural decoration engineering can be detected completely, accurately and visually by means of reasonable test point layout and effective defaults judgments.
Py-GC-MS Analysis on Benzene-Alcohol Extractives of Eucalyptus urophydis Wood for Fine Indoor Environment
Authors: Peng Wan Xi , Wang Lan Sheng , Lin Zhi , Zheng Zhen Zhen
Published: June 2012

In order to evaluate the safety of Eucalyptus wood interior, Eucalyptus urophydis wood was used and extracted in benzene-alcohol solution, and its extractives were identified by Py-GC/MS. The main and abundant constituents of 350°С pyrolysis products were 1-phenanthrenecarboxylic acid, 1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydro-1,4a-dimethyl-7-(1-methylethyl)-(5.38%), stigmasterol,22,23- dihydro- (4.67%), 3'-chlorooxanilic acid n'-(3-ethox y-4-hydroxybenzylidene)hydrazide (4.13%), stigmast-5-en-3-ol, oleate(3.83%), 2-ethylacridine(3.32%), etc. The main and abundant constituents of 600°Сpyrolysis products were decanoic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester(33.8%), dodecanoic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester(8.03%), decanoic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester(3.99%), 1-chloromethyl-1-(2-propenyloxy)-1-silacyclohexane(3.98%), etc. So there was much biological medicine and health care composition in Eucalyptus urophydis wood. And the wood was safety.
Experimental Study on Performance of Top Lighting Solar Light Pipes in the Meeting Room in Winter in Beijing
Authors: Wu Yan Peng , Li Hong
Published: June 2012

The lighting performance of top lighting solar light pipe in the meeting room in winter in Beijing has been measured under sunny and cloudy conditions to analyze whether the top solar light pipe can satisfy the general jobs lighting or not. The results showed that the indoor maximum and minimum illuminance were 163.2 lux and 115.4 lux respectively and the average illuminance was 147.8 lux in one day. The simulated average illuminance is 113lx in the same experimental time. It can satisfy the design criteria requirements and generally meet the basic for the meeting rooms. The light pipe can be the accessorial illuminance equipment to substitute partial or total artificial light sources in daily life to decrease the energy consumption of lighting.
Evolution of Urban Landscape Pattern in Suzhou City during 1987-2009
Authors: Fang Gang , Zhang Yong , Yang Juan
Published: June 2012

The urban landscape pattern evolution and driving forces in SuZhou City in the past two decades were explored based on the landscape ecology theory and the ENVI 4.7 & Fragstats 3.3 technology, using the multi-source interpreted data of Landsat TM images in 1987,2005 and 2009, and Landsat ETM+ image in 2000. The indices chosen are the urban landscape overall constitution, average patch area, patch number, patch density, fractal dimension, contagion index, isolation index, fragment index, landscape diversity and evenness index. Taking the remote sensing as a platform to integrate and analyze the data, the driving forces are summarized together with the development of SuZhou City. This will supply the theory foundation and scientific basis for the land resources of reasonable planning and using, management, sustainable utilization, and the landscape pattern optimization configuration in SuZhou City. The results show that, the landscape pattern in Suzhou City changed greatly from 1987 to 2009. The construction land area increased, while the cultivated land, wood land and water body area decreased. The urban landscape contagion index and landscape fractal dimension were all increased, while the urban landscape diversity and evenness index were all decreased. The isolation index and fragment index of the construction land and cultivated land were small, this shows that the landscape pattern changed mainly by human factors. The population and economy growth together with industrialization and urbanization were main forces for the urban landscape pattern evolution in SuZhou City. The results can provide scientific evidence for ecological landscape design and urban development planning in other regions.
Optimization of Operating Parameters of a Solar Ejector Refrigeration System on Exergy Analysis
Authors: Yin Li Yuan , Tian Qi , Zhang Fei Fei
Published: June 2012

Exergy analysis is used as a tool to analyze the performance of a refrigeration system. In this paper, it is based on the following conditions: the solar radiation is set as 750 W/m2, the refrigerating capacity is 10 kW, R141b is fixed as the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle and ambient temperature to be the reference temperature is 31°C. The exergy analysis results of the solar ejector refrigeration system shows that irreversible loss comes from all components and depends on the operating temperatures. The exergy efficiency increases with the condensation temperature’s decrease or the evaporation temperature’s increase. In the specific evaporation temperature and condensation temperature, the optimum generating temperature can be get when the system exergy efficiency is at its maximum. For the operating conditions in this paper, the optimum generating temperature is 95°C.
Biodegradation of DBP by Biofilm Reactor
Authors: Yu Jian , Fu Yu , Jiang Ming Jie , Ren Wen Hui
Published: June 2012

The removal efficiency of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and its environmental hormone treated by biofilm reactor has been investigated. Besides, the the kinetic model of the degradation of DBP and its degradation products in the reactor have been discussed. The results indicate that the biofilm reactor had a positive effect on the removal of DBP and was able to significantly reduce the environmental hormone in DBP influent. The activity of β-galactosidase dropped from 13.55 millers to 3.3 millers and the removal efficiency of DBP reached 98.5% at water temperature 20°C and HRT (Hydraulic Retention Time) of 4 hours. The metabolic intermediate of DBP in the reactor mainly consisted of dibutyl phthalate and phthalic acid. The kinetic models of the degradation of DBP can be expressed by Lawrence-McCarty equation.
Study on Variable Permeability of Porous Carbon Graphite
Authors: Liu Qi
Published: June 2012

To study the permeation mechanics during the impregnation of carbon graphite for mechanical applications, a permeation test with single-phase water saturated is conducted on carbon graphite porous medium, testing the permeability of the porous medium. The result of the test shows that the porosity of carbon graphite for mechanical applications is between 9.24% ~27.41% and the permeability of the samples is not a fixed value, averagely between 0.071mD and 9.953mD; and that the permeability of porous carbon graphite is resulted from the factors of pore structure properties of the porous medium, permeation force field and fluids properties. Based on the rules of permeability and permeation speed change, the permeability of carbon graphite porous medium can be classified into three categories: low-high-stable permeability, fluctuating permeability, and decreasing permeability.
Effect of Fe Coagulant on the Performance of PAC-MBR
Authors: Wang Sheng Bao
Published: June 2012

For treating reservoir water from Yellow river, by dosing 2mg/L FeCl3 to PAC-MBR, the effect of FeCl3 coagulant on the performance of PAC-MBR was studied. It could be concluded that membrane had an absolute removal of particles, and the dosing of coagulant gave no influence on the removal of turbidity. The dosing of FeCl3 coagulant could restrict the removal of ammonia, but there was still a relatively high removal rate of ammonia by 75%; the mechanism of coagulation could increase the removal of organic matter, from 23.05% to 36.39% for CODMn and from 14.68% to 24.78% for UV254.
Study on the Decolorization Kinetics of Azo Dye Wastewater by Sponge Iron
Authors: Zhang You , Wang Zi Chao , Gao Meng Chun , She Zong Lian , Zhang Xiao Jing , Yang Hui Xin
Published: June 2012

A study on the decolorization of azo dye wastewater by sponge iron was carried out in order to establish a model of decolorization kinetics, and to investigate the effects of particle size of sponge iron, the initial pH of azo dye wastewater and reaction temperature on the reaction rate constant. The results showed that the decolorization processes of azo dye wastewater by sponge iron was first order kinetic reaction, and reaction rate constant presented high value on the condition of small particle size of sponge iron, low initial pH of azo dye wastewater and high reaction temperature.
Synthsis of an Electron-Rich Donor: 2,7-Bis(5-Bromothiophen-2-Yl)-9,9'-Spirobi[Fluorene]
Authors: Sun Xiao Xia , Lou Ya Zhou , Hu Yu , Hu Mang En
Published: June 2012

A electron-rich unit, 2,7-bis(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)-9,9'-spirobi[fluorene] has been prepared in high yield over five steps. The compound with good electronic and optical properties may be a candidate for D-A type organic polymers.
Super Heavy Oil Wastewater Treatment by Combined ME and I-BF Process-A Field Pilot Study
Authors: Tong Kun , Zhang Yi He , Song Qi Hui , Wang Qi
Published: June 2012

A field pilot test was conducted on a macro-electrolysis/biological filter with immobilized microorganism system (ME/I-BF) in the Liaohe oilfield, China to treat super heavy oil wastewater with large amounts of dissolved recalcitrant organic compounds and low nutrients of nitrogen and phosphorus. By operating the system for 155 days (including the start-up of 28 days), the BOD/COD ratio of water increases from 0.13 to 0.22 and the COD removal rate is 47.46% after the ME treatment. Then, the COD decreases to 100 mg/L and the COD removal rate is 80.96% after I-BF treatment. When indigenous microorganisms inoculated, the effluent gets better, COD decreases to 70 mg/L and the removal rate of COD increases to 88.54%. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) indicated that the super heavy oil wastewater contains 11 organic compounds and most of them are removed after treatment. This integrated system is a useful option for the treatment of heavy oil wastewater.
Construct the Residential Building Energy Saving Comprehensive Evaluation Index System of Inner Mongolia
Authors: Jin Guo Hui , Qiu Hong Tao
Published: June 2012

Combined with the natural climate and geographical location feature of Inner Mongolia chosen refining indicators, this paper built the Residential building energy saving comprehensive evaluation index system referring to the standard of residential building energy efficiency design, and that proceeding from design constructing and operating stage of constructions.
Study on SRT Influence to Phosphorus Removal and Sludge Characters of HA-A/A-MCO Process
Authors: Zuo Ning
Published: June 2012

Extended SRT (sludge retention time) is helpful to improve ability of anaerobic phosphorous release and chemical recovery of phosphate, yet phosphorous removal efficiency will not be affected. Extended SRT makes the system to have even more active sludge, it also can lead to the system have powerful ability of biochemical reaction by using superiority of concentration, meanwhile, extended SRT can still reduce sludge yield. Extended SRT can not make SMP(soluble metabolic products) accumulate in the reactor so that pollutants removal power is reduced, it also cannot affect the activity of sludge. However, extended SRT will be able to make coagulation of sludge hard, SVI value increase, yet it cannot cause sludge bulking.
Study on the Preparation of Nano TiO2 Powder and its Properties
Authors: Liu Zi Quan , Jiang Fu Yi , Liu Rui Cui
Published: June 2012

This experiment used tetrabutyl titanate, hydrochloric acid as the main precursors and had prepared nano TiO2 particles by the sol-gal process. And the prepared TiO2 nano-powder were characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and other methods. In order to have qualitative phase analysis of the prepared samples, the article took the photo-catalytic degradation of rhodamine B solution as the model reaction and inspected the photo-catalytic activity of the prepared nano TiO2 particles. The experiment data and results showed the prepared TiO2 samples were anatase TiO2 and they had very good photo-catalytic activity on the water samplings.
Pollution Survey and Countermeasures of Urban Slow-Flow Water Body
Authors: Gao Jun Xia , Dang Hong Bin , Liu Lei , Kong Shan
Published: June 2012

Based on the characteristics of urban slow-flow water body, the article analyzed the current situation and pollution problems of urban slow-flow water body in Zhengzhou city. The countermeasures such as reasonable planning, enough ecological water, application on habitat improvement technology of urban slow-flow water body, strengthening supervision, and enhancing environmental awareness education were posed.
Engineering Example of A2O-High Density Sedimentation Tank-Filter Tank Process in the Treatment of Municipal Sewage
Authors: Li Ya Feng , Wang Xin , Liu Sha
Published: June 2012

The process parameters and running effect of A2O-high density sedimentation tank-filter tank process applied in the treatment of municipal sewage were introduced，aiming to provide technical basis for broad application of A2O-high density sedimentation tank-filter tank process. An engineering case was taken as example to describe process flow, process parameters and the size of the structures. The character of the designing was explained along with the discussion of the running effect. The running effort shows that municipal sewage treated by A2O-high density sedimentation tank-filter tank process can meet the requirements of Grand A of Primary standard of Discharge standard of pollutants for municipal wastewater treatment plant（GB189118—2002）.
Adsorption of PAEs from Aqueous onto Modification Zeolite
Authors: Wang Long , Xu Yu Feng , Gao Xu , Guo Jin Song
Published: June 2012

The adsorption of PAEs from aqueous using natural zeolite and CTMAB zeolite was investigated by a batch technique under ambient conditions. Natural zeolite adsorption data were best-fitted to Langmuir and Freundlich equations, while CTMAB adsorption data were best-fitted to Linear equations. The results suggest that the adsorption on CTMAB zeolite involves adsorption process and distribution role and zeolites performs well as reusable materials for adsorption.
Isolation and Characterization of Denitrifying Bacterium Pseudomonas mendocina aHD7 with Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidization
Authors: Xiao Ji Bo , Jiang Hui Xia , Chu Shu Yi
Published: June 2012

A denitrifying bacterium aHD7 with nitrate removal efficiency of 91.67% (w/w) in 3 days cultured at 30 °C under stationary conditions was isolated from the activated sludge. The strain was characterized by biochemical tests and 16S rDNA sequence analysis, to be belonging to Pseudomonas. Factors on denitrification ability of aHD7, i.e., pH value, carbon source, C/N ratio, nitrogen source and initial nitrate concentration were investigated. Results showed that this strain could either use nitrate or nitrite as the electron acceptor, and the total inorganic nitrogen removal efficiency for sodium nitrite and potassium nitrate were up to 96.70% (w/w) and 95.93% (w/w) respectively. Denitrification was favored when the pH value was 6-9 and C/N ratio varied from 6 to 8, in which the optimal carbon source was ethanol. The strain had anammox activity, of which the average ammonium utilization rate reached up to 4.56 mg/l/d.
Situation and Forecast of Construction Sector’s Carbon Emission
Authors: Liu Rui Jie , Zhang Zhi Hui
Published: June 2012

In order to describe the carbon emission situation of Chinese construction sector, this paper calculates the construction sector’s carbon emission and its efficiency of year 1994~2008 based on its energy consumption and economic output. And then the error correction model between the carbon emission and the output of the construction sector is established to predict carbon emission, with the effectiveness of the model proved. Using the error correction model, the long-term and short-term resilience of carbon emission is calculated, which indicates the main driving force of construction sector’s carbon emission is the overall output of construction sector.
The Study of Building Industrialization Development Mode Based on Carbon Emissions Trading
Authors: Sun Ling Zhi , Wu Xin Hua
Published: June 2012

Building industrialization has great significance to change the traditional mode of construction production,helps to achieve the goal of energy saving and emissions reduction, and promotes the sustainable development.The paper analyzes the low carbon characteristics of building industrialization products and the market failure caused by external economy, introduces the market mechanism of carbon emissions trading,which makes supply and demand of building industrialization products to approach or achieve the optimal state of Pareto. From the consideration of reasonable interest demand of the main party in life cycle, the paper brings forward the building industrialization development mode based on carbon emissions trading, and makes supporting measures from seting up the mechanism of carbon emissions trading,constructing the mechanism of information sharing, levying waste disposal fee and so on.