bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LA DECLARACIÓN DEL RIESGO EN EL SEGURO DE VIDA: LA RELEVANCIA JURÍDICA DEL CUESTIONARIO. La STS (Sala de lo Civil, sección 1a), de 30 de mayo de 2018 (RJ 2018, 158304).
Authors: Ortiz del Valle Mª del Carmen
Published: November 2023

La transparencia, entendida como mecanismo de protección de determinados colectivos, es una de las características que a día de hoy presentan tanto los  mercados como los sistemas de contratación y que se manifiesta tanto en el  ámbito del derecho privado como en el de derecho público. Entre esos colectivos necesitados de una especial protección encontramos a los tomadores, asegurados, beneficiarios y perjudicados que participan en el mercado de los seguros.
LOS DESPLIEGUES DE LA AUTONOMÍA DE LA VOLUNTAD EN EL DERECHO CONCURSAL ARGENTINO Y SUS LÍMITES.
Authors: E. Gerbaudo Germán
Published: November 2023

La presente colaboración estudia los despliegues de la autonomía de la voluntad en los procesos concursales a la luz de la normativa argentina. Analiza el desenvolvimiento de este principio y sus límites en cada uno de las especies de procesos concursales.
REFLEXIONES SOBRE SUPUESTOS ESPECÍFICOS DE “DEALBREAKERS” EN OPERACIONES DE M&A
Authors: Borrero Zorita Luis
Published: November 2023

En el presente artículo se analizan algunas contingencias concretas que pueden dificultar sustancialmente o pueden dar lugar a la ruptura de negociaciones en operaciones de fusiones y adquisiciones (Mergers and Acquisitions o M&A). Tales contingencias son de variada naturaleza y afectan a diversas áreas del derecho patrio, y son contingencias contractuales, administrativas y laborales concretas.Junto con la explicación de cada contingencia o asunto, se contextualiza y explica dentro de algunos sectores concretos (generalmente, aquéllos en que la contingencia en cuestión cobra especial relevancia) y se hacen algunas reflexiones, proponiéndose, si procede, diversas soluciones.
EL CONTRATO DE SUMINISTRO Y EL FORO ESPECIAL POR RAZÓN DE LA MATERIA DEL ART. 7.1 B) DEL REGLAMENTO BRUSELAS I BIS
Authors: Lorente Martínez Isabel
Published: November 2023

El contrato es el principal medio en el comercio internacional que sirve para que circule la riqueza y el capital sin que la división del mundo en Estados sea un impedimento para ello. En este trabajo se estudia la incidencia del concepto europeo de compraventa internacional de mercaderías y el contrato de suministro. Con el objetivo de dilucidar los tribunales competentes en un supuesto de controversia, para fundar su competencia judicial internacional en el artículo 7.1 b) del Reglamento Bruselas I bis.
ALGUNAS CUESTIONES RELEVANTES QUE SUSCITA LA REGULACIÓN CONTENIDA EN LA DIRECTIVA (UE) 2019/1023 DEL PARLAMENTO EUROPEO Y DEL CONSEJO, DE 20 DE JUNIO DE 2019, EN MATERIA DE INSTRUMENTOS DE ALERTA, EXONERACIÓN DE DEUDAS Y SEGUNDA OPORTUNIDAD
Authors: Brenes Cortés Josefa
Published: November 2023

En este trabajo se analiza con carácter general la regulación de algunas de las cuestiones interesantes que establece la Directiva 2019/1023 de 20 de junio de 2019 sobre instrumentos de alerta temprana y exoneración del pasivo insatisfecho con objeto de proponer las opciones regulatorias que consideramos más adecuadas para su transposición en el Derecho español y que, indudable, exigirán determinadas modificaciones en nuestra Ley Concursal
EL ACCESO AL MERCADO ESPAÑOL DE LOS EMPRESARIOS AUTÓNOMOS EXTRANJEROS.
Authors: Heredia Sánchez Lerdys S.
Published: November 2023

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar, desde la perspectiva del Derecho de Extranjería en España, las condiciones legales exigidas para que los extranjerospuedan adquirir la condición de autónomos. Para cumplir con este objetivo, se analizan brevemente los diferentes supuestos legales previstos para el acceso al trabajo por cuenta propia por parte de los extranjeros, tanto residentes como no residentes, y posteriormente, se analizan las deficiencias que presenta el sistema y las condiciones de su aplicación.
LA PRETENDIDA CONFUSIÓN ENTRE LOS CONTRATOS BANCARIOS DE PRÉSTAMO Y DE APERTURA DE CRÉDITO: LA IRRELEVANCIA DEL NOMEN IURIS CONTRACTUAL OTORGADO POR LAS PARTES.
Authors: Benítez García Rufino
Published: November 2023

Se analiza un supuesto en que se discute la calificación contractual, como préstamo o como apertura de crédito bancario, de la constitución de un crédito con garantía hipotecaria hasta un límite de cantidad a interés variable, dispuesto de una sola vez por los demandantes el mismo día de la firma de la escritura pública, y devuelto mediante cuotas mensuales periódicas de igual importe, que respondían al cuadro de amortizaciones incorporado y pactado en el propio contrato. En razón a las características del mismo, el Alto Tribunal establece que se trata de un préstamo y no de una apertura de crédito, añadiendo que los contratos son lo que son, según su naturaleza jurídica, y no lo que las partes dicen que son, acogiendo la tesis de la irrelevancia del nomen iuris que hayan otorgado las mismas.
SETTING THE LIMITS OF THE CONCEPT OF “COMMUNICATION TO THE PUBLIC” BY THE EUROPEAN COURT OF JUSTICE DUE TO COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT IN INFORMATION SOCIETY.
Authors:   Miguel Hernández University, Ortiz del Valle Mª Carmen
Published: November 2023

The supply to the public by downloading, for permanent use, of an e-book is an act of communication to the public. This has been stated by the Court of Justice of the European Union in its judgment of December 19, 2019 (Tom Kabinet case). This is an extremely important judgment in which the Court rules on the distinction between the concepts of distribution and communication to the public, the contours of which are not entirely clear in the digital sphere.
On the question of the criteria for the paracompleteness of logics
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomova Natalya E.
Published: November 2023

The paper discusses some aspects related to the definition of a paracomplete logics. There are various ways to formalize the basic condition of paracompleteness – the requirement of the presence in the logical system of such formulas that these formulas themselves and their negations are false. The corresponding definitions of the paracompleteness are given. It is indicated in which cases these definitions may be equivalent. The conditions of equivalence of the law of excluded middle φ ∨ ¬ φ , the law of Clavius ( ¬ φ → φ ) → φ and its special case ( φ → ¬ φ ) → ¬ φ are considered. The paper deals with issues related to the issues of the paracomplete negation, as well as its modal interpretation.
A nonhybrid logic for crossworld predication
Authors:   The Institute of Philosophy and Law, the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Borisov Evgeniy V.
Published: November 2023

Some sentences of natural languages, such as John might have been taller than Mary is, ascribe relations to objects each of which is associated with a possible world. In this example, Mary is associated with the actual world whereas John is associated with a possible world that can be distinct from the actual one. This phenomenon — the phenomenon of crossworld predication — cannot be reflected by means of standard modal logic. Some nonstandard logics accommodating crossworld predication have been proposed; the most expressive among them is Kocurek’s hybrid logic. All of them make use of nonstandard operators such as the operators of hybrid logic. In this paper, I propose a nonhybrid first-order modal logic for crossworld predication, CWPL, that demonstrates significant expressive power (though is less expressive than Kocurek’s hybrid logic) and has that advantage over other proposals that it makes no use of any nonstandard operators. Semantically, CWPL is based on crossworld interpretation of predicates that assigns extensions to each n-ary predicate with respect to n-tuples of possible worlds rather than single possible worlds. To be able to employ crossworld interpretation of predicates when evaluating formulae, I suggest relativizing truth values to partial functions from variables to possible worlds. In the paper, I describe CWPL’s syntax and semantics, provide a translation of CWPL into a two-sorted first-order logic, and compare it with Kocurek’s hybrid logic in terms of expressive power.
An axiomatization of quantum computational Logic
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vasyukov Vladimir L.
Published: November 2023

One of the logical proposals that arise from quantum computation is the idea to use the quantum theoretical formalism to represent parallel reasoning. To this aim a quantum computation is considered by means of convenient unitary operators assuming arguments and values in particular sets of qubit systems. Isolating some important unitary operators that have a special role in quantum computation (logical gates or quregisters) we obtain an opportunity to yield the language of Quantum Computational Logic (QCL) (cf. [Cattaneo et al., 2003; Cattaneo et al., 2004; Dalla Chiara et al., 2004]). The basic concept of the semantics of this language is the notion of quantum computational realization such that the meaning associated to any sentence is a quregister. Unlike the semantic of a standard quantum logic QCL-conjunction and QCL-disjunction do not correspond to lattice operations since they are not generally idempotent. Moreover, in QCL the weak distributivity principle breaks down and both the excluded middle and the non contradiction principles are violated. Finally, the axiomatizability of QCL is still an open problem. In the paper an axiomatization of QCL is proposed construing it as a kind of so-called Goldblatt’s binary logic. Some metalogical theorems (paraconsistency and completeness) are proved.
Quantum logic in the context of the mathematical foundation of quantum mechanics
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Pechenkin Alexander A.
Published: November 2023

Quantum logic as it is presented in Birkhoff-von Neumann’s 1936 paper arose within the framework of the mathematical elaboration of the foundations of quantum mechanics. Birkhoff-von Neumann’s axiomatic was an alternative of the traditional formulation of foundations of quantum mechanics proceeding from the technique of the Hilbert space. It provided more economic formulation of the foundations of the theory. In Mackay’s writings it has been transformed into the axiomatic of quantum theory of probability. However, Mackay came back to the concept of Hilbert space as the fundamental for quantum mechanics. He also adopted the rules of super-selections in his presentation of the foundations of quantum mechanics. The contemporary approach to Birkhoff-von Neumann’s axiomatic is twofold: the criticism of their too rigid construction from the point of view of physics and the development in connection with mathematical intuitionism.
Phytoremediation capacity of hybrid aspen at sites affected by industry and agriculture
Authors: Kaivapalu Marju , Ots Katri , Lutter Reimo , Tullus Arvo , Tullus Tea , Sopp Reeno , Hepner Heiki , Siller Mari-Liis , Hordo Maris , Õunapuu-Pikas Eele , Täll Kristjan , Vares Aivo , Tullus Hardi
Published: November 2023

Fast-growingPopulusspp. are well-acknowledged to restore contaminated soils from heavy metals in industrial areas. Thus far, there is no knowledge about the phytoremediation capacity ofPopulusspp. plantations in hemiboreal conditions to restore industrially polluted areas. The objective of this study was to assess the soil contamination rate of heavy metals (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb and Zn) and their uptake by mature hybrid aspen (Populus tremula×Populus tremuloidesMichx.) in plantations in different industrial pollution areas (e.g. cement factory, thermal power plants, oil shale mining). For the reference, industrially polluted plantations were compared with the low pollution area hybrid aspen plantation on former agricultural soil, which was influenced by fertilisation and liming before afforestation. Twenty-one years after afforestation, soil samples were collected from the 0–10 cm topsoil layer. Aboveground biomass sampling was performed for bark and stem wood by ingrowth cores to separate wood formed during early (1–10 years) and late (11–21 years) stand development. Two decades after the afforestation of industrially polluted areas, the heavy metal concentrations in the soil were higher than the reference plantation and the standard reference for unpolluted soils in most cases. The highest concentrations of heavy metals in woody biomass were in the oil shale quarry spoil; because of poor growth, the accumulated pools in aboveground biomass were low. Cd differed from other metals and accumulated less in wood and more in bark. The concentration of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni and Zn) was higher in the first decade of stand formation (1–10 years) than in the last 10 years (11–21 years). High pools of heavy metals were accumulated in aboveground biomass in the reference plantation, indicating the considerable removal of heavy metal residues from the previous fertilisation and liming source with harvest. Two decades of afforestation with hybrid aspen is too short for complete ecosystem restoration from heavy metals in industrially polluted areas, but high concentrations in woody biomass indicate a high phytoremediation capacity.
Structural Annotation of Unknown Molecular for Miniaturized Mass Spectrometer based on Transformer Enabled Fragment Tree
Authors: Qian Xiang , Yang Yiming , Sun Shuang , Yang Shuyuan , Yang Qin , Lu Xinqiong , Wang Xiaohao , Yu Quan , Huo Xingming
Published: November 2023

Structural annotation of small molecules in tandem mass spectrometry has always been a central challenge in mass spectrometry analysis, especially using a miniaturized mass spectrometer for on-site testing. Here, we propose the Transformer enabled Fragment Tree (TeFT) method, which combines various types of fragmentation tree models and a deep learning Transformer module. It is aimed to generate the specific structure of molecules de novo solely from mass spectrometry spectra. The evaluation results on different open-source databases indicated that the proposed model achieved remarkable results that the majority of molecular structures of compounds in the test can be successfully recognized. Also, the TeFT has been validated on a miniaturized mass spectrometer with low-resolution spectra for 16 flavonoid alcohols, achieving complete structure prediction for 8 substances. Finally, TeFT confirmed the structure of the compound contained in a Chinese medicine substance called the Anweiyang capsule. These results indicate that TeFT method is suitable for annotating fragmentation peaks with clear fragmentation rules.
Metaheuristic-hybridized MLS-SVR: a multi-output model for predicting continuous shear displacements of rock fractures
Authors: Zhou Jian , Wang Zhenyu , Li Chuanqi , Qiu Yingui , Tao Ming
Published: November 2023

This study presents a metaheuristic-hybridized model based on sparrow search algorithm (SSA) and multi-output least-squares support vector regression machines (SSA-MLS-SVR) to predict the continuous shear displacements of rock fractures, which is closely related to the geo-structure stability and safety. To validate the reliability and potential of the proposed model, which was respectively developed by using two subsets of MDST database including 362 results of direct shear tests for rock fractures from laboratory and field. For the unsatisfactory generalization of preliminary model, three kinds of nonlinear transformations were utilized in data preprocessing to improve the data sensitivity of SSA-MLS-SVR. The performance of modified model indicated that the SSA-MLS-SVR can effectively grasp the correlation among each post-peak shear displacements in the continuous shear process of rock fractures. In addition, at the end of this paper, some interesting findings and conjectures about the potential connections among continuous shear displacements will be summarized. This study has a great significance of exploring the correlation among the continuous shear displacements of rock fractures, and the use of the proposed data processing method is valuable for further improving the model prediction performance.
Collateral sensitivity prevents antifungal drug resistance evolution in Candida auris
Authors: Carolus Hans , Sofras Dimitrios , Boccarella Giorgio , Goossens Louise , Chen Alicia , Vantyghem Ina , Jacobs Stef , Pierson Siebe , Steenackers Hans , Lagrou Katrien , Berman Judith , Gabaldon Toni , Berg Pieter van den , Dijck Patrick Van
Published: November 2023

The increased prevalence of antifungal drug resistance and emergence of multidrug-resistant species such as Candida auris represent a global public health threat. By mapping drug susceptibility responses of experimentally evolved C. auris across diverse antifungals, we found trends of cross-resistance (XR) and collateral sensitivity (CS) and show that CS can reduce resistance development through drug cycling and combination therapy, providing a promising direction for future research.
Exports and Foreign Direct Investment: Theory and Evidence for Services Firms *
Authors: Nordås Hildegunn Kyvik , Lodefalk Magnus , Tang Aili
Published: November 2023

This paper analyses firms’ choice of how to serve foreign markets in services. Using administrative firm-destination data from Sweden, we document some key facts that contradict workhorse models in international trade. First, the productivity pecking order of exporters and multinationals may not apply to services. Second, firms simultaneously export and sell services via foreign affiliates to the same market. Third, most services exporters are also goods exporters and almost half of all services exporters have their main activity in manufacturing. To explain these stylised facts, we develop a model where services are credence products. Consumers learn about the products from using them and producers build firm-specific reputation which generates economies of scope. We bring the model to Swedish micro data. Our gravity-based estimations support the credence product explanation and also suggest that the proximity concentration trade-off may not apply to services.
JEL Codes: D21, D22, F12, F23.
Cortical processing of pain and itch information by distinct neuronal populations
Authors: Kaang Bong-Kiun , Ko Hyoung-Gon , Choi Dong Il , Lee Chiwoo , Choi Ja Eun , Oh Jihae , Han Seunghyo , Ye Sanghyun , Lee Jiah , Jung Hyunsu , Lee Jaehyun , Lee Kyungmin , Lee Jae-Hyung , Zhuo Min
Published: November 2023

Pain and itch perception both evoke aversive but qualitatively different feelings. The transmission pathways and brain areas that process pain and itch are related, with the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) being important for the affective dimension of both sensations. The cellular mechanisms by which these two somatosensory stimuli are processed in the same brain area, however, remain largely unknown. Here we identified distinct neuronal populations related to pain and itch processing in layer II/III of the ACC. These include neurons activated by both itch and pain stimuli separated by a short time interval and modality-specific neurons activated only by either itch or pain stimuli regardless of the interval between them. Using the dual-eGRASP (enhanced green fluorescent protein reconstitution across synaptic partners) technique, we found that pain- and itch-specific neurons preferentially receive synaptic connections from mediodorsal thalamic neurons activated by pain and itch stimuli, respectively. Using an inhibitory designer receptor exclusively activated by a designer drug (DREADD), we found that although suppressing itch- or pain-specific neurons reduced pruriception or nociception, respectively, neither type of inhibition affected the opposite modality. Together, these results indicate that the processing of itch and pain information in the ACC involves activity-dependent and modality-specific neuronal populations, and that pain and itch are processed by functionally distinct ACC neuronal subsets.
VIQS Epidemic Modeling of Distributed Denial-of-Service Attacks in Software-Defined Networking
Authors: BIAOU Babatoundé O. Simon , OLUWATOPE Ayodeji Oludola , OGUNDARE Babatunde Sunday , BABALOLA Ajiboye R. , OLOSUNDE Akinlolu A.
Published: November 2023

Software-Defined Networking (SDN) in view of securing a future for networking has been regularly facing a lot of treats and attacks. In this study, a VIQS (Vulnerable, Infected, Quarantined and Secured) epidemic is modelled and the mathematical analysis of the model is formulated and implemented to mitigate the Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack in SDN. The proposed model is in an open population of nodes where the nodes have the liberty of movement from the point of view of the SDN architecture. This achieves the local and global stabilities of the free equilibrium when Ro < 1 and the endemic equilibrium when Ro > 1 of the DDoS attack in SDN. Therefore, the stability of the system has led to the extent that there are no longer infectious or quarantined nodes over time for both the local stability of attack free equilibria when Ro < 1 and the local stability of endemic equilibria when Ro > 1. It is proven that, with the consideration of the quarantine state transition of nodes in the proposed VIQS epidemic model built in an open population of nodes, the DDoS attack is carefully mitigated and under a total control.
Diversity-oriented combinatory formulation screen for cardiac RNAi therapeutics with polysaccharide framework
Authors: Santos Hélder A. , Liu Zehua , Ma Ming , Chen hangrong , Peer Dan , Naidu Gonna Somu , Pan Da , Lan Zhengyi , Li Sen , Gao Han
Published: November 2023

Ionotropic gelation is widely used to fabricate targeting nanoparticles (NPs) with polysaccharides, leveraging their recognition by specific lectins. Despite the fabrication scheme simply involves self-assembly of differently charged components in a straightforward manner, the identification of a potent combinatory formulation is usually limited by structural diversity in compound collections and trivial screen process, imposing crucial challenges for efficient formulation design and optimization. Herein, we report a diversity-oriented combinatory formulation screen scheme to identify potent gene delivery cargo in the context of precision cardiac therapy. Distinct categories of cationic compounds are tested to construct RNA delivery system with an ionic polysaccharide framework, utilizing a high-throughput microfluidics workstation coupled with streamlined NPs characterization system in an automatic, step-wise manner. Sequential computational aided interpretation provides insights in formulation optimization in a broader scenario, highlighting the usefulness of compound library diversity. As a result, the out-of-bag NPs, termed as GluCARDIA NPs, are utilized for loading therapeutic RNA to ameliorate cardiac reperfusion damages and promote the long-term prognosis. Overall, this work presents a generalizable formulation design strategy for polysaccharides, offering design principles for combinatory formulation screen and insights for efficient formulation identification and optimization.
Longitudinal transcriptomic and epigenetic analysis in astronauts reveals dynamic immune response to spaceflight
Authors: Diatchenko Luda , Ao Xiang , Parisien Marc , Cata Juan , Montagna Francesca , Vigouroux Marie , de Araujo Lorenna Oliveira Fernandes , Karaky Mohamad , ingelmo Pablo
Published: November 2023

With the advance of the space industry, the number of astronauts is increasing exponentially. A better understanding of the molecular changes in astronauts in response to spaceflight is required. Here we studied the transcriptomic and epigenetic changes that are subjected to spaceflight. We analyzed the blood samples of two astronauts collected at three timepoints of two weeks before (T0), twenty-four hours after (T2) and three months after (T3) spaceflight. We found monocytes were downregulated at T2 after the spaceflight and reversed to baseline T0 after three months of post-spaceflight at T3. Transcriptomic analysis identified two groups of genes that showed distinct expression patterns, one with transient up-regulation of the expression immediately after spaceflight and another one with transient down-regulation. Pathway analysis of the two groups revealed that protein modification pathway and cell cycle pathway were enriched, possibly supporting the conversion of monocytes to macrophages via autophagy. Epigenetic analysis identified four methylation patterns that showed transient and persistent changes, enriched in the nervous system development pathway and cell apoptosis pathway. Region-level methylation responses point to the genes involved in bone diseases, such as FBLIM1, IHH, and SCAMP2. eQTM analysis suggested a link between RNA transcriptional activity and DNA methylation through transcriptional regulator ZNF684. In conclusion, our longitudinal transcriptomic and epigenetic analysis in astronauts provides a comprehensive view of the physiological impact of spaceflight on human biology that potentially has systemic large short-term and smaller long-term effects on bodily functions.
Unraveling secondary ice production in winter orographic clouds through a synergy of in-situ observations, remote sensing and modeling
Authors: Georgakaki Paraskevi , Billault-Roux Anne-Claire , Foskinis Romanos , Gao Kunfeng , Sotiropoulou Georgia , Gini Maria , Takahama Satoshi , Eleftheriadis Konstantinos , Papayannis Alexandros , Berne Alexis , Nenes Athanasios
Published: November 2023

Recent years have shown that secondary ice production (SIP) is ubiquitous, affecting all clouds from polar to tropical regions. SIP is not described well in models and for this may vastly underpredict ice crystal number concentrations in warm mixed-phase clouds. Through a synergy of modeling, remote sensing and in-situ measurements carried out in an orographic environment during the Cloud-AerosoL InteractionS in the Helmos background TropOsphere (CALISHTO) campaign, we show that SIP can have a profound impact on the vertical distribution of hydrometeors and precipitation, especially in seeder-feeder configurations which are encountered in multi-layered cloud systems. The mesoscale model simulations coupled with a radar simulator strongly support a unique signature that is characteristic of SIP; because of this, our study opens the possibility of using the vast global archive of cloud radar data for systematically inferring SIP signatures and frequency of occurrence.
Self-Aligned Bilayer Linear Grating Enabling Highly Enhanced Responsivity of MWIR InAs/GaSb Type-II Superlattice (T2SL) Photodetector
Authors: Kim Bongjoong , Lee Minseok , Ku Zahyun , Jeong Seungjin , Hwang Jehwan , Lee Junghyun , Kim Junoh , Kang Sang-Woo , Urbas Augustine , Bae Hagyoul
Published: November 2023

Linear gratings polarizers provide remarkable potential to customize the polarization properties and tailor device functionality via dimensional tuning of configurations. Here, we extensively investigate the polarization properties of single- and double-layer linear grating, mainly focusing on self-aligned bilayer linear grating (SABLG), serving as a wire grid polarizer in the mid-wavelength infrared (MWIR) region. Computational analyses revealed the polarization properties of SABLG, highlighting enhancement in TM transmission and reduction in TE transmission compared to single-layer linear gratings (SLG) due to optical cavity effects. As a result, the extinction ratio is enhanced by approximately 2724-fold in wavelength 3–6 μm. Furthermore, integrating the specially designed SABLG with an MWIR InAs/GaSb Type-II Superlattice (T2SL) photodetector yields a significantly enhanced spectral responsivity. The extinction ratio of TM- to TE-spectral responsivity is enhanced by around 8775-fold. The simulation methodology and analytical analysis presented herein provide a versatile route for designing optimized polarimetric structures integrated into infrared imaging devices, offering superior capabilities to resolve linear polarization signatures.
Predictors of male loneliness across the lifespan: A longitudinal Australian study
Authors: Botha Ferdi , Bower Marlee
Published: November 2023

Background
Despite growing recognition of loneliness as a global public health concern, research on its occurrence and precipitants among men across the lifespan remains limited and inconclusive. This study aims to address this gap by investigating the prevalence and predictors of loneliness among a large, representative data set of Australian adult men.
Methods
The study used longitudinal data from waves 2–21 of the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey, restricting the sample to men aged 18–80. Using two measures of loneliness, a single item measure and a multi-item measure, linear fixed effects regressions were estimated that account for unobserved time-invariant individual heterogeneity. Each loneliness measure was regressed on a set of selected explanatory variables over different parts of the life span.
Results
Across all ages, average reported loneliness scores are higher with the multi-item measure than with the single-item measure. Increased social isolation, romantic partnership dissolution, having a long-term disability, and having more conservative beliefs regarding gender roles are associated with greater loneliness. Frequent social connection, having a romantic partner, and high neighbourhood satisfaction are protective against loneliness. The findings also reveal several differences in the predictors of loneliness over the life course. Job security is especially important for younger men, whereas for older men volunteering and less conversative gender role attitudes are important factors that can decrease loneliness.
Conclusions
The results emphasise the need to consider age-specific factors and societal expectations in understanding and addressing loneliness amongst men. Additionally, the findings underscore the importance of raising awareness about the impact of societal norms and expectations on men's mental health. The results offer valuable insights for policymakers, healthcare providers, and researchers to develop effective strategies and support systems to combat loneliness and promote well-being among men.
Cost utility Analysis of Adult Patients with Severe Aplastic Anemia Based on Single-center Study
Authors: chen lin , fang liwei , kuang zhexiang , xu jing , wang chuan
Published: November 2023

Objective The purpose of this study is to objectively evaluate the efficacy of cyclosporine A + ALG and cyclosporine A + TPO-RA in the treatment of SAA patients, and to provide scientific data support for maximizing the therapeutic benefit of SAA patients. Method Cost-utility analysis was used to compare the quality of life adjusted years and total cost of the two schemes. The patient utility value was obtained from EQ-5D-3L and Japanese TTO conversion, and the total cost of treatment was obtained from electronic questionnaire survey and medical information data. Results A total of 26 adult patients were included in the study, including 17 with cyclosporine A + ALG and 9 with cyclosporine A + TPO-RA. In terms of QALY, patients with cyclosporine A + ALG regimen had higher intuitive feelings than those with cyclosporine A + TPO-RA regimen from admission to 6 months of follow-up, and the quality of life of patients with the former regimen was also significantly higher than that of the latter, with a difference of 0. 08 QALY (P < 0.01). In terms of total cost, the total cost of the former was twice that of the latter. Each QALY obtained by the two regimens was 687,000 yuan and 450,000 yuan, respectively. Compared with the cyclosporine A + TPO-RA regimen, the total cost of each QALY increased by the cyclosporine A + ALG regimen was 1.51 million yuan. Conclusion On the premise of ensuring the effectiveness of diagnosis and treatment, CsA + TPO-RA can be used as a good treatment option, which can reduce the economic pressure of SAA patients, reduce the burden of disease, reduce the pressure of medical insurance funds, and achieve multi-benefits.
Volume conservation endows soap bubbles distinctive roll-off characteristics
Authors: Li Wei-Chih , Shih Chih-Yao , Chang Tzu-Liang , Hong Tzay-Ming
Published: November 2023

Soap bubbles bring joy to children and can be seen floating in our baths and during dishwashing. We investigate the thinning and breaking of soap bubble necks when subjected to stretching, providing a contrast to the more extensively studied films with open boundaries. Our analysis reveals the difference in the evolution of the profile between film and bubble during the initial non-equilibrium state, known as the roll-off regime. Furthermore, we observe that the scaled profile of the bubble is primarily determined by the ratio V/R3, where V and R represent the air volume and the cap size. The former implies that successive profiles at different times can be mapped onto a master curve by appropriately scaling them with the time until pinch-off occurs, τ. Additionally, the significance of the latter lies in the fact that akin to the insensitivity of films to R during the final pinch-off regime. The process of memory erasure commences earlier in bubbles while maintaining a fixed value of V/R3. Moreover, we discover that the minimum radius which remains independent of both V and pulling speed deviates from the previous prediction of～τ 2/3 for the film. It is important to note that our discussion is limited by the short duration of the roll-off regime, spanning from 10-2 to 10-3 seconds.
Genome- and transcriptome-wide systematic identification of bHLH transcription factor family and characterization of promising members that respond to abiotic stress in tomato
Authors: Zhang Jianling , Pan Yu , Ma Kaixuan , Zhu Mingku , Liu Xiaoying , Song Yun , Sun Yueying , Li Jing , Zhang Zhihuan
Published: November 2023

Background
The bHLH (basic helix-loop-helix) transcription factors function as crucial regulators in numerous biological processes including abiotic stress responses and plant growth and development. Although SlbHLH gene family in tomato has been studied and the functions of some members have been explored, there are still many tomato SlbHLH genes that have not been identified and numbered, which will hinder the later study of SlbHLH genes. A genome-wide systematical identification and characterization is necessary for tomato SlbHLH genes.
Results
In the study, numerous genes were identified to be the potential and significant candidates that response to salt stress through RNA-seq analysis. 195 bHLH genes that unevenly distributed onto 12 chromosomes were identified from tomato genome. Phylogenetic relationships showed that SlbHLHs were classified into 26 subfamilies based on their conserved domain, motif compositions and gene structures. The collinearity between SlbHLHs and interrelated orthologs from ten plants further revealed evolutionary insights into SlbHLHs. Cis-elements investigations of SlbHLH gene promotors futhrer suggested the potential roles of SlbHLHs in tomato development and stress responses. The qRT-PCR analysis displayed that the expression of 12 selected SlbHLHs were varyingly and markedly induced by multiple abiotic stresses (salt, cold, heat and drought) and hormone treatments (SA, ABA, IAA, ACC and MeJA).
Conclusions
These results provide valuable foundations for further exploring possible regulatory mechanisms and functional characterizations of SlbHLHs, and numerous members may function as the potential regulators to enhance plant tolerance to abiotic stress.
CO residence time modulates multi-carbon formation rates in a zero-gap Cu based CO2 electrolyzer
Authors: Burdyny Thomas , Subramanian Siddhartha , Kok Jesse , Gholkar Pratik , Kumar Asvin Sajeev , Montfort Hugo-Pieter Iglesias van , Kortlever Ruud , Urakawa Atsushi , Dam Bernard
Published: November 2023

Carbon dioxide (CO2) electrolysis on copper (Cu) catalysts has attracted interest for its direct production of C2+ feedstocks. Using the knowledge that CO2 reduction on copper is primarily a tandem reaction of CO2 to CO and CO to C2+ products, we show that modulating CO concentrations within the liquid catalyst layer allows for C2+ selectivity of > 80 % at 200 mA cm‑2 over broad conversion conditions. The importance of CO pooling is demonstrated through residence time distribution curves, varying flow fields (serpentine/parallel/interdigitated), and flow rate. While serpentine flow fields require high conversions to limit CO selectivity and maximize C2+ selectivity, the longer CO residence times of parallel flow fields reach similar selectivity over broad flow rates. Critically, we show that parts of the catalyst area are predominantly reducing CO instead of CO2 as supported by CO reduction experiments, transport modelling, and achieving a CO2 utilization efficiency greater than the theoretical limit of 25 % for C2+ products.
Untargeted metabolomic profiling of serum from client-owned cats with early and late-stage chronic kidney disease
Authors: Nealon Nora Jean , Summers Stacie , Quimby Jessica , Winston Jenessa
Published: November 2023

Evaluation of the metabolome could discover novel biomarkers of disease. To date, characterization of the serum metabolome of client-owned cats with chronic kidney disease (CKD), which shares numerous pathophysiological similarities to human CKD, has not been reported. CKD is a leading cause of feline morbidity and mortality, which can be lessened with early detection and appropriate treatment. Consequently, there is an urgent need for early-CKD biomarkers. The goal of this cross-sectional, prospective study was to characterize the global, non-targeted serum metabolome of cats with early versus late-stage CKD compared to healthy cats. Analysis revealed distinct separation of the serum metabolome between healthy cats, early-stage and late-stage CKD. Differentially abundant lipid and amino acid metabolites were the primary contributors to these differences and included metabolites central to the metabolism of fatty acids, essential amino acids and uremic toxins. Correlation of multiple lipid and amino acid metabolites with clinical metadata important to CKD monitoring and patient treatment (e.g. creatinine, muscle condition score) further illustrates the relevance of exploring these metabolite classes further for their capacity to serve as biomarkers of early CKD detection in both feline and human populations.
Predicted of seven hub genes of drug resistance in glioma
Authors: WEN Zhonghui , LI Qiangfeng , LEI Qingchun , YANG Yongmin , ZHOU Wenhui , DING Lei , CHEN Zhen
Published: November 2023

Drug resistance is the main cause of glioma recrudescence and death. But its etiology and pathogenesis are still unclear. There is an urgent need to develop a new prognostic and therapeutic method to assess patient survival and reduce mortality. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to identify differentially expressed genes(DEGs) between glioblastoma(GBM) and normal. The samples were divided into cluster 1 and cluster 2 subtypes to explore tumor drug resistance according to their IC50 value of drugs for GBM in the GDSC database. The 7 genes were designated as core molecules, which were significantly correlated with immune checkpoints. The dataset CGGA-693 validated that the survival rate of patients in the high-risk group was significantly lower than that in the low-risk group. Moreover, the hub genes were significantly correlated with age, Neoplasm Histologic Grade, IDH status, MGMT status, ATRX status, and BCR status. And the expression level of 7 genes was significantly associated with the grade of glioma, except CAMK2A. RT-PCR revealed that MYBL2, CDC45, CENPA, and E2F7 were upregulated while ATP2B3, KCNJ9, and OPALIN were downregulated in patients. These results demonstrate that the risk model can effectively predict and differentiate the survival and treatment outcomes of glioma patients. MYBL2, CDC45, CENPA, E2F7, ATP2B3, KCNJ9, and OPALIN are expected to be reliable molecular targets and prognostic biomarkers for drug-resistant gliomas.
Complement receptor 4 mediates the clearance of extracellular tau fibrils by microglia
Authors: Yoo Changjae , Bok Eugene , Lin Yuxi , Cheon Mookyung , Lee Young-Ho , Kim Jaekwang
Published: November 2023

Background Abnormal accumulation of misfolded tau aggregates is a key pathological hallmark of various tauopathies including Alzheimer’s disease. Tau pathology shows disease-specific spatiotemporal propagation through intercellular transmission, which is closely correlated with the progression of clinical manifestations. Therefore, identifying the molecular mechanisms preventing tau propagation is critical to develop therapeutic strategy for tauopathies. The various innate immune receptors, such as complement receptor 3 (CR3) and complement receptor 4 (CR4), have been reported to play a critical role in the clearance of various extracellular toxic molecules by microglia. However, their role in tau clearance has not been studied yet. In this study, we investigated the role of CR3 and CR4 in regulating extracellular tau clearance. Results Here, we identified that CR4 selectively binds to tau fibrils but not to tau monomers, whereas CR3 does not bind to any of them. We further demonstrated that inhibiting CR4 significantly reduces the uptake of tau fibrils by microglial BV2 cells, whereas CR3 does not affect the uptake of tau fibrils. We further demonstrated that inhibiting CR4 suppresses the clearance extracellular tau fibrils without altering the extracellular degradation of tau fibrils in the culture media. Moreover, conditioned media from CR4-silenced BV2 culture incubated with tau fibrils retain more seeding capacity than controls. Conclusion Taken together, our data strongly support that CR4 is a novel receptor for the clearance of tau fibril in microglia and may represent a novel therapeutic target for tauopathy.
A systematic study of interactions between Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Hainan Island
Authors: Wang Xinjian , Bai Linyan , Zhang Li , Feng Jianzhong , Liao Jingjuan , Chen Bowei , Zhang Xinyi
Published: November 2023

The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development issued by the United Nations is an important guide by which for countries to achieve common economic, social and environmental development. Important progress has been made in the evaluation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Hainan Island; nevertheless, there is still a lack of understanding around the trade-offs and synergies between the SDGs. Studying the trade-offs and synergies between Hainan Island’s sustainable development goals is of great significance for the coordinated development of these goals and the promotion of the construction of free trade ports. Therefore, based on the United Nations Sustainable Development Assessment System and the existing SDG indicator system on Hainan Island, this paper identifies and quantifies the trade-offs and synergies within and between SDGs and targets on the county scale. Based on the different impacts of different spatial, dimensional and geographical directions, the results show the following: (1) Hainan Province made good progress on multiple SDGs between 2015 and 2021. (2) The most significant synergies between SDGs exist between SDG1 (No Poverty) and SDG10 (Reduce Inequalities), while the most significant trade-offs exist between SDG2 (Zero Hunger) and SDG4 (Quality Education). (3) Obvious spatial characteristics in trade-offs and synergies exist, with the highest level of synergy being in the Haikou and Sanya Economic Circles and their surrounding areas, and in the central region of Hainan Island which has a higher level of trade-offs. (4) The synergistic effect between the SDG targets and indicators in Hainan is much greater than the trade-off effect: the four aspects of people's livelihood improvement, economic development, resource utilization and environmental quality all show synergistic effects in different regions.
Identification of an HLA-A*11:01-restricted neoepitope of mutant PIK3CA and its specific T-cell receptors for cancer immunotherapy targeting hotspot driver mutations
Authors: Jin Aishun , Shen Meiying , Chen Siyin , Han Xiaojian , Hao Yanan , Li Luo , Chen Tong , Wang Bozhi , Zou Lin , Wang Junfan , Zhang Tong , Zhang Wanli , Han Xiaxia , Wang Wang , Yu Haochen , Li Kang , Liu Shengchun
Published: November 2023

Hotspot driver mutations presented by human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) can be recognized by antitumor T cells. Based on their advantages of tumor-specificity and immunogenicity, neoantigens derived from hotspot mutations, such as PIK3CAH1047L may serve as emerging targets for cancer immunotherapies. NetMHC V4.1 were utilized for predicting neoepitopes of PIK3CA hotspot mutation. Using in vitro stimulation, antigen specific T cells targeting the HLA-A*11:01-restricted PIK3CA mutation were isolated from healthy donor-derived peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). T-cell receptors (TCRs) were cloned using single-cell PCR and sequencing. Their functionality was assessed through T cell activation markers, cytokine production, and cytotoxic response to cancer cell lines pulsed with peptides or transduced genes of mutant PIK3CA. Immunogenic mutant antigens from PIK3CA and their corresponding CD8+ T cells were identified. These PIK3CA mutation specific CD8+ T cells were subsequently enriched, and their TCRs were isolated. The TCR clones exhibited mutation-specific and HLA-restricted reactivity, demonstrating varying degrees of functional avidity. Identified TCR genes were transferred into CD8+ Jurkat cells and primary T cells deficient of endogenous TCRs. TCR-expressing cells demonstrated specific recognition and reactivity against the PIK3CAH1047L peptide presented by HLA-A*11:01-expressing K562 cells. Furthermore, mutation-specific TCR-T cells demonstrated an elevation in cytokine production and profound cytotoxic effects against HLA-A*11:01+ malignant cell lines harboring PIK3CAH1047L. Our data demonstrate the immunogenicity of an HLA-A*11:01-restricted PIK3CA hotspot mutation and its targeting therapeutic potential, together with promising candidates of TCR-T cell therapy.
A Questionnaire to Screen Chronic Obstructive Respiratory Diseases in a Low-medium Income Country: a Cross – Sectional Study
Authors: Tran Hoa-Vi T. , Nguyen Chau T. , Nguyen Hiep T. , Tang Hong K. , Tran Mong-Hiep T. , Bouland Catherine , Michel Olivier , Godin Isabelle
Published: November 2023

Background
chronic obstructive respiratory diseases (CORD) can lead to severe morbidity and mortality but is preventable at an early stage. Spirometry is the keystone for early diagnosis but is not widely available in Vietnam. The study aims to develop a questionnaire to screen the patients requiring spirometry.
Methods
this cross – sectional study included consecutive volunteers, visiting the District 10 and District 12 hospitals, HCMC, Vietnam. Based on chronic clinical symptoms, history of tuberculosis, chronic bronchitis, asthma and occupation risks, cumulative smoking and exposures to indoor pollution factors, a questionnaire was developed and submitted to each subject. A spirometry was also obtained, CORD being defined by airways' obstruction with FEV1/FVC < LLN. A multivariate model was applied, including all parameters having reached statistical significance in univariate analysis to determine the statistically significant variables as possible CORD predictors.
Results
1877 subjects were recruited from June 2019 to June 2021. The prevalence of CORD was 16% (n = 300). Among the 267 subjects with history of asthma, 153 had measured airways' obstruction (OR = 14; 95%CI 10–18). Among the 1610 subjects with no history of asthma, there were 147 CORD (9%). Among those subjects, based on ROC curve analysis, the best predictors of CORD were the cumulative smoking, history of tuberculosis, current breathless and wheezing or whistling, with relative sensitivity (57%) and higher specificity (82%).
Conclusion
among the non asthmatic population, a questionnaire based on 4 items can identify less than 10% of subjects, requiring spirometry to diagnose airways' obstructive diseases.