bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Can Green Bonds Boost the Development of Energy Projects in Colombia? An Opportunity for Responsible and Sustainable Investment
Authors: Duque-Grisales Eduardo Alexander , Patiño-Murillo Julián Alberto , Duque-Marín Jaritza , Giraldo-Giraldo Sergio , Acosta-Strobel Jorge Andrés
Published: May 2024

The excessive exploitation of natural resources brings with it a growing environmental problem, which is largely due to industrial development. Different international treaties, conventions, and protocols try to mitigate the impacts of global warming. However, new tools are constantly needed to achieve the sustainability of economies and the preservation of renewable resources. In response to this, green bonds arise providing a coherent solution that integrates both the industry and the environment. These bonds constitute a financial instrument allowing the collection of resources, with the only requirement of being invested in sustainable projects generating environmental and social well-being. This paper highlights Colombia's potential as an emerging market attractive for investments classified as green. This Colombian green market is expected to grow, due to the low amounts of GHG emissions compared to the industrialized countries and the richness in natural resources of the nation. However, to develop sustainable energy projects in Colombia, special instruments are required to enhance the promotion and financing of energy projects. For this reason, various financing alternatives to the traditional systems for the development of clean energy must be evaluated. This paper emphasizes the potential of green bonds to improve energy projects in Colombia and obtain additional benefits to reduce climate change through the use of sustainable renewable energies. Through a document review exercise in specialized literature and the application of a case study, the advantage of green bonds over other traditional mechanisms for financing initiatives for small and medium enterprises is demonstrated.
Lithuanian Conceptual Colour–Emotion Associations in the Global Context of 37 Nations
Authors: Jonauskaitė Domicelė
Published: May 2024

Red with anger or green with envy – such metaphors link colours and emotions. While such colour metaphors vary across languages, conceptual associations between colours and emotions have many cross-cultural similarities. Here, we took published data from 8615 participants (2172 men) coming from 37 nations (i.e., Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, China, Colombia, Croatia, Cyprus, Egypt, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, India, Iran, Israel, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Lithuania, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Philippines, Poland, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Serbia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom, and United States) and analysed Lithuanian (n = 217) associations between colour terms and emotion concepts. Lithuanians had many associations, the most frequent being red–love, yellow–amusement, yellow–joy, and black–sadness (all endorsed by > 60% of participants). While Lithuanians associated more emotions with colours than the other participants, the Lithuanian pattern of these associations was highly similar to the global pattern (r = .92). When compared to each other nation individually, colour–emotion association pattern similarities ranged between .65 and .89. Lithuanian patterns were the most similar to the Russian and the least similar to the Egyptian ones. Crucially, such similarities could be predicted by linguistic but not geographic distances. Nations speaking languages linguistically closer to Lithuanian also displayed more similar colour–emotion association patterns. These results support universality of colour–emotion associations and point to small but meaningful cultural differences (e.g., red represented love more strongly than anger for Lithuanians but not globally). Future studies should look whether colours can modulate emotions, or whether such associations are purely abstract.
Amrita: The ancient herb with modern healing potential and safety features
Authors: Gupta Charu
Published: May 2024

Tinospora cordifolia Willd commonly known, as “Amrita” or “Guduchi”, is a large deciduous, extensively spreading climbing shrub with several coiling branches, a dioecious medicinal herb. It is designated as Rasayana in Ayurveda as it enhances general body resistance and promotes longevity, an anti-stress, adaptogen, and a potential plant for providing resistance against infections. The plant is well known as Indian bitter and is generally prescribed for fever, diabetes, dyspepsia, jaundice, urinary problems, skin diseases, gastrointestinal diseases including dyspepsia, flatulence, gastritis, jaundice, chronic diarrhea and dysentery, splenomegaly, and hemorrhoids. The herb has been reported to be significant for the management of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and the treatment of leprosy, helminthiasis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Some of the most significant formulations in which Guduchi is prime ingredient are Guduchyadi churn, Guduchi taila, Dashmoolarishtha, Sanjivani vati, Punchnimba churana, Guduchi ghrita, Amritaguggulu, Amritashtaka churna, Kantakari avaleha, Chyavanaprasha, Guduchi sattva, Brihat guduchi taila, Stanyashodhana kashaya churana. The most dominant constituents in guduchi include terpenoids, alkaloids, tannins, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, lignans, steroids, C6-C3 derivatives and polysaccharides along with other components. There are no adverse effects of any kind reported so far as prescribed under reasonable dose application. It has promising potential as a tonic in infants and stimulates immunity in children besides facilitating growth. Due to the presence of immense medicinal properties, this plant has been over-exploited by pharmaceutical companies and folk people for traditional remedies. This in turn has led to the acute scarcity of this plant. Therefore, it is of prime importance and urgent need for its conservation.
Comparison Between Algebraic Cryptanalysis on DES and NTRU
Authors: Paradise Fadila , Sugeng Kiki Ariyanti
Published: May 2024

AbstractAlgebraic cryptanalysis is a cryptanalysis method that aims to exploit the algebraic structure of an encryption algorithm to obtain the secret key. Algebraic cryptanalysis becomes interesting because it uses a small amount of known plaintext, which in real life very few known plaintexts are available. Algebraic cryptanalysis has previously been performed on several block cipher algorithms and public key lattice-based algorithms. In this study, DES and NTRU were chosen as the objects of algebraic cryptanalysis. This research aims to compare algebraic cryptanalysis on DES and NTRU in terms of their applicability, and to what extent algebraic cryptanalysis can be successful in obtaining keys.Keywords: Algebraic Cryptanalysis; DES; NTRU; polynomial equation. AbstrakAlgebraic cryptanalysis adalah metode kriptanalisis yang bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan struktur aljabar pada algoritma enkripsi untuk mendapatkan kunci. Algebraic cryptanalysis menarik karena hanya membutuhkan sedikit plaintext, di mana pada kehidupan nyata hanya sedikit plaintext yang bisa didapatkan. Algebraic cryptanalysis sebelumnya dilakukan pada algorima block cipher dan algoritma kunci publik berbasis latis. Pada penelitian ini, DES dan NTRU dipilih sebagai objek algebraic cryptanalysis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan algebraic cryptanalysis pada DES dan NTRU, serta sejauh mana algebraic cryptanalysis bisa mendapatkan nilai kunci.Kata Kunci: Kriptanalisis aljabar; DES; NTRU; persamaan polinomial. 2020MSC: 94A60.
Respon IAA dan BAP Terhadap Multiplikasi In Vitro Tunas Tanaman Krisan Varietas Suciono (Chrysanthemum indicum L)
Authors: Restanto Didik Pudji , Nafiah Nur Lailin , Fanata Wahyu Indra Duwi , Ratnasari Tri , Firgiyanto Refa
Published: May 2024

AbstrakTanaman krisan varietas Suciono merupakan tanaman hias yang potensial dikembangkan dan diminati oleh penduduk dunia, yang ditunjukkan dengan permintaan pasar terhadap tanaman krisan meningkat sepanjang tahun. Hal ini menyebabkan perbanyakan krisan secara in vitro sangat penting untuk dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) dan Benzly Amino Purine (BAP) terhadap multiplikasi tunas krisan varietas Suciono. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan satu faktor yakni kombinasi hormon IAA dan BAP yang 9 kombinasi, yakni 0 mg/L +  1,5 mg/L; 0 mg/L + 2 mg/L; 0 mg/L + 2,5 mg/L; 0,5 mg/L + 1,5 mg/L; 0,5 mg/L + 2 mg/L; 0,5 mg/L + 2,5 mg/L; 1 mg/L + 1,5 mg/L; 1 mg/L + 2 mg/L; dan 1 mg/L + 2,5 mg/L dimana setiap kombinasi diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Variabel yang diamati meliputi analisis histologis kalus, waktu muncul tunas, jumlah tunas, tinggi tunas, dan jumlah daun. Hasil analisis ragam atau ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi IAA 0 mg/L dan BAP 2 mg/L merupakan kombinasi konsentrasi terbaik untuk multiplikasi tunas. Penambahan BAP 2 mg/L mampu menghasilkan persentase muncul tunas. 100%, jumlah tunas 3 per-eksplan, tinggi tunas 7 cm, dan jumlah daun sebanyak 16 helai.AbstractThe variety Suciono of chrysanthemum is a potential ornamental plant that is in demand by the world's population, as indicated by the increasing market demand for chrysanthemum plants throughout the year. This  has led to the importance of in vitro propagation of chrysanthemum. The aim of the this study is to determine the effect of Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) and Benzly Amino Purine (BAP) on the multiplication of chrysanthemum shoots of the Suciono variety. The design of this study used nodus explants, treated with a combination of IAA hormones and BAP. It is make 9 combinations, and then the combinations of hormones is 0 mg/L + 1,5 mg/L; 0 mg/L + 2 mg/L; 0 mg/L + 2,5 mg/L; 0,5 mg/L + 1,5 mg/L; 0,5 mg/L + 2 mg/L; 0,5 mg/L + 2,5 mg/L; 1 mg/L + 1,5 mg/L; 1 mg/L + 2 mg/L; and 1 mg/L + 2,5 mg/L.  The observed variables included histological analysis of callus, time of shoot emergence,  number of shoots, shoots height, and number of leaves. The results of the analysis showed that the treatment with 0 mg/L IAA and 2 mg/L BAP was the best concentration for shoots multiplication. The addition of 2 mg/L BAP was able to produce a percentage of shoots emergence of 100%, 3 shoots per explant, shoots height of 7 cm and 16 leaves.
Analisis Pertumbuhan Khamir Endofit Buah Salak (Salacca edulis Reinw.) dengan Penambahan Zinc
Authors: Kusmiyati Nur , Utami Ulfah , Pratama Muhammad Riefki , Harianie Liliek
Published: May 2024

AbstrakKhamir endofit buah salak (Salacca edulis Reinw.) dengan kode YIS-3, YIS-4, dan YIS-7 dapat dimanfaatkan untuk fermentasi adonan roti. Kemampuan tersebut dapat ditingkatkan dengan penambahan sumber zinc pada media pertumbuhannya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pertumbuhan khamir endofit buah salak dengan penambahan zinc dan kualitas roti hasil fermentasi. Metode yang digunakan meliputi peremajaan isolat khamir, penambahan nutrisi pada media pertumbuhan, analisis biomassa khamir, jumlah sel, volume adonan, dan organoleptik. Hasil penelitian pada parameter pertumbuhan menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan dengan penambahan zinc 0,1 g/L menghasilkan biomassa dan jumlah sel lebih tinggi dibandingkan perlakuan kontrol. Biomassa tertinggi dihasilkan oleh YIS-4 yakni 4,13 g/300 mL, sedangkan jumlah sel tertinggi dihasilkan oleh YIS-3 yakni 27,84 x 106 sel/mL. Pada persentase pengembangan menunjukkan bahwa isolat khamir dengan perlakuan zinc 0,1 g/L membutuhkan waktu lebih lama untuk mencapai pengembangan tertinggi, namun volume roti setelah pemanggangan menunjukkan hasil yang lebih baik dibanding perlakuan kontrol. Isolat YIS-4 dengan perlakuan zinc 0,1 g/L menghasilkan volume roti tertinggi (949,54 cm3). Berdasarkan analisis organoleptik dengan parameter warna, aroma, rasa dan tekstur menunjukkan bahwa semua panelis lebih menyukai roti hasil fermentasi isolat YIS-4 dengan perlakuan zinc 0,1 g/L.AbstractThe endophytic yeast of salak fruit (Salacca edulis Reinw.) with codes YIS-3, YIS-4, and YIS-7 can be used for bread dough fermentation. This ability can be increased by adding a zinc source to the growth medium. The purpose of this study was to analyze the growth of the endophytic yeast of salak fruit with the addition of zinc and the quality of fermented bread. The methods used include rejuvenation of yeast isolates, addition of nutrients to growth media, analysis of yeast biomass, cell count, dough volume and organoleptic. The results of research on growth parameters showed that treatment with the addition of zinc 0.1 g/L resulted in higher biomass and cell count than the control treatment. The highest biomass was produced by YIS-4 which was 4.13 g/300 mL, while the highest number of cells was produced by YIS-3 which was 27.84 x 106 cells/mL. The swelling percentage showed that yeast isolates treated with 0.1 g/L zinc took longer to reach the highest swelling, but the volume of bread after baking showed better results than the control treatment. YIS-4 isolate treated with 0.1 g/L zinc produced the highest bread volume (949.54 cm3). Based on organoleptic analysis with parameters of color, aroma, taste and texture, it showed that all panelists preferred bread fermented YIS-4 isolate with 0.1 g/L zinc treatment.
Primer Design and Optimization of Annealing Temperature for Gene Amplification GSTL2 on Rice
Authors: Violita Violita , Achyar Afifatul , Zulyusri Zulyusri , Atifah Yusni , Putri Dwi Hilda , Nabilah Rezi
Published: May 2024

AbstractGlutathione S-Transferase is a superfamily enzyme that has many roles for living things, especially in the detoxification of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), one of which is rice plants. One gene of this family that has a role for plants is GSTL2 This gene is known to have a contribution to Arabidopsis and Oryza sativa L. against abiotic stress. To find out how this gene expression is requires a primer to specifically amplify this gene, and an optimal annealing temperature to support the success of the primer. This study aims to design primers and determine the optimal annealing temperature for gene amplification GSTL2. Primers were designed using the Primer3, which were then analyzed with Genious Prime based on good primer criteria and optimizing the annealing temperature which was carried out using gradient PCR. The results of this study obtained a primer pair is forward 5’-TTCGAAGGGCCAGCATTACT-3’ primer reverse 5’-CAATGTCCACCAAGCTGAA-3’. The primer pair has a length of 20 nt, with melting temperature (Tm) 59–59,4 °C, and GC content 50%. The primer forward there is a secondary structure in the form of a self-dimer with (Tm) 6.2 °C. The primer pair can amplify gene sequences GSTL2 by producing a PCR product 224 bp. The annealing temperature of 60 °C resulting in a single thick, bright DNA strand.AbstrakGlutathione S-Transferase merupakan enzim superfamily yang memiliki banyak peranan bagi makhluk hidup terutama dalam detoksifikasi Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), salah satunya tumbuhan. Salah satu gen dari famili ini yang memiliki peranan bagi tanaman adalah GSTL2. Gen ini diketahui memiliki kontribusi bagi tanaman Arabidopsis dan Oryza sativa L. terhadap stres abiotik. Untuk mengetahui bagaimana ekspresi gen GSTL2 ini dibutuhkan primer untuk mengamplifikasi gen ini secara spesifik, di samping itu suhu annealing yang optimal untuk menunjang keberhasilan primer. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendesain primer dan menentukan suhu annealing yang optimal untuk mengamplifikasi gen GSTL2. Primer didesain menggunakan tools Pick Primer dan Geneious Prime, yang kemudian dianalisis secara in silico berdasarkan kriteria primer yang baik. Serta optimasi suhu annealing yang dilakukan menggunakan gradient PCR. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh sepasang primer dengan panjang masing-masing primer 20 nt, primer forward 5’-TTCGAAGGGCCAGCATTACT-3’ primer reverse 5’-CAATGTCCACCAAGCTGAA-3’. Pasangan primer dapat mengamplifikasi sekuen gen GSTL2 dengan menghasilkan produk PCR sebesar 224 bp pada suhu annealing 60 °C.
Identifikasi Mikroplastik Pada Insang dan Saluran Pencernaan Ikan Bandeng (Chanos chanos) dari Tambak Tradisional Kecamatan Sedati, Kabupaten Sidoarjo
Authors: Aliyansyah Gunawan , Holil Kholifah
Published: May 2024

AbstrakSampah plastik di perairan akibat dari peningkatan populasi manusia menjadi sumber kontaminasi mikroplastik pada ikan bandeng (Chanos chanos) di sistem tambak tradisional di kecamatan Sedati kabupaten Sidoarjo. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui tipe dan kelimpahan mikroplastik pada insang dan saluran pencernaan ikan bandeng serta polimer yang terkandung dalam mikroplastik. Jenis penelitian termasuk ke dalam penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif dengan pendekatan eksploratif. Metode penentuan lokasi menggunakan purposive sampling pada 3 stasiun dengan 3 pengulangan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan 3 tipe mikroplastik yaitu fiber, fragment, dan film dengan nilai kelimpahan tertinggi diperoleh pada tipe fiber yaitu 11,11 partikel/individu (insang) dan 9,05 partikel/individu (saluran pencernaan) dari sampel stasiun 2. Nilai mikroplastik yang ditemukan di insang paling tinggi nilai kelimpahannya (2,34 partikel/individu) dibandingkan dengan yang terdapat pada saluran pencernaan (1,86 partikel/individu). Sedangkan jenis polimer yang ditemukan adalah nilon (poliamida), polivinil klorida (PVC), dan low-density polyethylene (LDPE). Oleh karena itu, berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang didapatkan perlu diteliti lebih lanjut nilai lethal dosis mikroplastik dan pengaruh yang ditimbulkan sebagai akibat ditemukannya berbagai tipe mikroplastik pada organ insang dan saluran pencernaan terhadap pertumbuhan ikan bandeng.AbstractPlastic waste in waters that is increased by the human population is the most common source of microplastic contamination in milkfish (Chanos chanos) from the traditional pond system at Sedati district Sidoarjo regency. This research aims to identify the microplastic type, abundance, and polymers in the microplastics. This type of research includes qualitative and quantitative descriptive with an explorative approach. The location determination method uses purposive sampling at 3 stations with 3 repetitions. The study revealed three types of microplastics, which are fiber, fragment, and film with fiber exhibiting the highest abundance at 11,11 particles/ind in gills, while gastrointestinal tracts showed 9.05 particles/ind at station 2. Additionally, Chanos chanos gills displayed the highest microplastic abundance (2.34 particles/ind) compared to the gastrointestinal tract (1.86 particles/ind). The study identified various polymers within the microplastics, including nylon (polyamide), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and low-density polyethylene (LDPE). Further research is needed to determine the lethal dosage of microplastics and their specific effects on Chanos chanos growth in both the gill and gastrointestinal tract.
The Diversity of Plant as Traditional Culinary Food Wrappers on The Bogor’s Society, West Java Province, Indonesia
Authors: Nikmatullah Muhamad , Rahayu Mulyati , Kalima Titi , Setiawan Marwan , Hasanah Ida Farida
Published: May 2024

AbstractTraditional culinary is a food that has a distinctive taste, commonly consumed by a particular society. Generally, traditional culinary using the diversity of plants to wrap food. The function of plant leaves for food wrapping in consider of natural and safe material. The use of natural materials is very valuable traditional knowledge and includes cultural wealth. The research was conducted to reveal the diversity of plants that are still used as traditional culinary wrapping in Bogor city. This research method used the ethnobotany approach, through observation and direct interview to a key informant up to 20 respondents on the three traditional market’s in Bogor city. The data collection results were produced of 23 types of cuisines in the traditional culinary markets, namely Anyar/Kembang, Sukasari, and Surya Kencana. These traditional culinary are utilized five plant species to wrap food, mostly using banana leaves (Musa spp.) for food packaging of 23 types of the tradisional culinary delights. The advantage of utilizing plants as traditional culinary wrapping infused with flavor to enhance the taste and art. Utilization plants as food wrapping need to preserved, developed, and socialized to public due to its local wisdom environmental sustainability and to reduce the use of non-natural resources that have severe environmental impacts and public health.AbstrakKuliner tradisional merupakan suatu makanan yang mempunyai cita rasa yang khas, biasa dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat tertentu. Umumnya kuliner tradisional memanfaatkan keanekaragaman tumbuhan sebagai pembungkusnya. Penggunaan daun sebagai pembungkus karena bahan alami dan aman untuk membungkus makanan. Penggunaan bahan dari alam adalah pengetahuan tradisional sangat berharga dan termasuk kekayaan budaya. Penelitian tersebut dilakukan untuk mengungkap keanekaragaman tumbuhan yang masih digunakan sebagai pembungkus kuliner tradisional di Kota Bogor. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan etnobotani, melalui observasi dan wawancara langsung kepada informan kunci sebanyak 20 responden di tiga pasar tradisional kota Bogor. Hasil pendataan menunjukkan terdapat 23 jenis kuliner tradisional di pasar Anyar/Kembang, Sukasari, dan Surya Kencana. Kuliner tradisional ini memanfaatkan 5 jenis tumbuhan sebagai pembungkusnya yang sebagian besar adalah daun pisang (Musa spp.) yang digunakan sebagai pembungkus 23 kuliner tradisional. Keuntungan memanfaatkan tumbuhan sebagai pembungkus kuliner tradisional antara lain untuk menambah cita rasa dan seni. Pemanfaatan tumbuhan sebagai pembungkus makanan perlu dilestarikan, dikembangkan, dan disosialisasikan kepada masyarakat umum agar budaya lokal ini senantiasa lestari dan dapat mengurangi pemanfaatan sumber daya non alam yang berdampak buruk terhadap lingkungan dan kesehatan masyarakat.
Fissidens Pokhrensis Nork. – A New Record to Kerala
Authors: Neethu P. , Sreeja P. , Daniels A. E. D.
Published: May 2024

The Fissidentaceae is one of the moss families with the genus Fissidens. A species of Fissidens viz., F. pokhrensis has been collected from the Neeliyarkottam sacred grove of Kannur District, which is a new record to the moss flora of Kerala. Sacred groves remain neglected in the study of bryoflora.
Experiences of HIV/AIDS women in planning their pregnancies during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Indriastuti Nur Azizah , Erna Rochmawati  , Luluk Rosida  , Riski Oktafia  , Rizka Mega Putri Ariyanto
Published: May 2024

Introduction: HIV/AIDS has become a public health problem in many countries along with the increasing number of reported cases and the high mortality rate due to the HIV virus. The HIV virus can infect pregnant women, where pregnant women are at high risk of transmitting the virus to their babies. Transmission of HIV/AIDS from mother to child can be prevented by planning a pregnancy for HIV/AIDS women who want to get pregnant through the PMTCT (Prevention Mother to Child Transmission) program. In the midst of implementing the PMTCT program, the government is faced with the COVID-19 pandemic which causes the public to be advised to postpone pregnancy until the pandemic ends and counseling or consultation regarding family planning is done via telephone. The study aimed to determine the experiences of HIV/AIDS women in planning their pregnancies during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Methods: This research is a Qualitative research with a phenomenological approach which was conducted in March-April 2022 at the Victory Plus Foundation Yogyakarta. Data collection using in-depth interviews. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Participants in this study were women with HIV/AIDS who were pregnant during the Covid-19 pandemic and women with HIV/AIDS who had given birth with a maximum age of 6 months.
Results: Researchers found 4 themes, which are the experience of women when diagnosed with HIV/AIDS, planning for pregnancy during the Covid-19 pandemic, the condition of pregnancy for women with HIV/AIDS, and social support for women with HIV/AIDS during pregnancy.
Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that some women with HIV/AIDS plan their pregnancies during the COVID-19 pandemic by discussing with their husbands, regularly taking ARVs, using the Calendar application to calculate the fertile period, and checking viral load and CD4 levels.
Effect of online case-based learning on nursing students’ self-confidence amid COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Harjanto Totok , Gautama Made Satya Nugraha , Sumunar Dimas
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, nursing educational programs have shifted from physical to online learning, both academic and clinical learning. Case-based learning is one of the clinical learning methods which is adapted to current circumstances. The learning method connects theoretical knowledge and practical experiences on nursing students’ clinical environment. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of online case-based learning on the clinical nursing students' self-confidence.
Methods: Forty-five clinical nursing students participated in this quasi-experimental study with one group pre-post-test design. The students’ self-confidence was evaluated using an instrument consisting of 15 Likert-scale items with cognitive, affective, and psychomotor subscales. The students’ self-confidence was measured before and after the online case-based learning (O-CBL) activities. The activities included case presentation, individual case analysis, small group discussion, and problem-solving practice for students.
Results: This study successfully organized the O-CBL method to enhance the students’ self-confidence. The average self-confidence level of the students increased from 57.84 to 60.62. Paired t-test analysis yielded p=0.006 (p <0.05), which indicated a significant effect of O-CBL on the students’ self-confidence. Significant findings were also discovered from the cognitive (p=0.01) and psychomotor (p=0.004) domains. The students’ affective domain did not significantly improve (p=0.089, p>0.05).
Conclusion: O-CBL increases nursing students' self-confidence specifically in cognitive and psychomotor aspects.
Early detection methods of chronic diabetic nephropathy in diabetes mellitus patients in primary health services
Authors: Tripitara  , Titiek Hidayati  , Suny Sun  , Akrom
Published: May 2024

Introduction: The prevalence of diabetic kidney disease increases along with the increase in the number of patients with diabetes mellitus. Early detection of diabetic nephropathy in DM patients is an essential step in preventing the incidence of diabetic kidney disease. The study aimed to obtain a method of early detection of diabetic kidney disease in DM patients in primary health care via identifying factors associated with decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR).
Methods: We conducted a case-controlled study at the public health center in Bantul. The research subjects were patients at Kasihan 1 public health center aged 18-75 years. In-depth interviews will be conducted to obtain clinical and social risk factors for GFR decreasing as an early detection tool for diabetic nephropathy (DN) incidence. The IGF-1 levels were checked using ELISA. The Pearson correlation test observed a significant association between patient risk factors and GFR.
Results: This study is expected to obtain a model of the method of early detection of chronic diabetic kidney disease in diabetes mellitus patients in primary health services. The results showed that the GFR was related to systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, hyperglycemia, nicotine levels, and IGF-1 levels (P<0.00). Increased nicotine levels, increased blood pressure, hyperglycemia, and decreased levels of IGF-1 are associated with decreased GFR. Identifying factors related to the glomerular filtration rate can be used to predict impaired renal function.
Conclusion: Reduced glomerular filtration rates are linked to higher nicotine levels, higher blood pressure, hyperglycemia, and lower IGF-1 levels.
Inflammatory markers for predicting severity, mortality, and need for intensive care treatments of a patient infected with covid-19: a scoping review
Authors: Pranata Satriya , Vranada Aric , Armiyati Yunie , Samiasih Amin , Aisah Siti , Kurnia Anna , Sasmito Priyo , Olina Yanuan Ben , Antonius Rino Chapo
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Numerous types of inflammatory markers are used by health workers to predict the patients infected with COVID-19 condition. However, fewer studies have identified the specific inflammatory markers to predict the severity, mortality, and need for intensive care treatments among patients infected with COVID-19. Thus, this scoping review aimed to evaluate and grouping the inflammatory markers related to severity, mortality, and need for intensive care treatments.
Methods: Electronic databases were discovered for studies by elaborating specific proposed keywords related to types of inflammatory markers for predicting the severity, mortality, and need for intensive care treatments of patients infected with COVID-19. Authors independently comprised the literature search, evidence evaluation, and article extraction until the types of inflammatory markers for predicting the severity, mortality, and need for intensive care treatments of patients infected with COVID-19 are discovered.
Results: 8 of 133 identified articles were included. These articles summarized that the mean of thrombocyte volume-to-platelet count ratio (MPV/PLT), the C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR), prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and lymphocyte to C-reactive protein ratio (LCRP) were significant in predicting mortality. Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) and Lymphocyte-to-CRP ratio (LCR) were inversely correlated with disease severity. The systemic-immune-inflammation index (SII) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) findings were statistically significant in predicting disease severity and the need for intensive care treatments. Moreover, Elevated C-reactive protein (CRP), lymphocyte-to-CRP ratio (LCR), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were statistically significant in predicting the disease severity, need for intensive care treatment, and mortality.
Conclusion: Each of the inflammatory markers has specificity in predicting the severity, mortality, and need for intensive care treatments among patients infected with COVID-19. These predictors can be used by health professionals, particularly nurses in providing the best clinical decisions and nursing care to COVID-19 patients.
The frequency and determinants of executive dysfunction among patients with subacute phase of ischemic stroke in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: Akbar Muhammad , Tammasse Jumraini , Bintang Andi Kurnia , Harahap Herpan Syafii
Published: May 2024

Background: Executive dysfunction is a common form of intellectual weakening that interferes with the functional activity of the stroke survivors. Detection of executive dysfunction in the subacute segment of ischemic stroke allows the patients to receive appropriate interventions for optimal clinical outcomes. This study aims to investigate the frequency and determinants of executive dysfunction among subacute ischemic stroke patients in West Nusa Tenggara.
Methods: This study involved 192 subjects divided into two groups: ischemic stroke (n=96) and control groups (n=96). Categorical data collected from both ischemic stroke and control subjects were age, gender, education level, occupation, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, Trail Making Test Part B, verbal fluency test, backward digit span scores and executive function status. Besides the data previously mentioned, clinical data that were also collected in ischemic stroke subjects was infarct size. The significant difference in the frequency of executive dysfunction between ischemic stroke and control groups was analyzed using chi-square test. The association between the determinants of executive dysfunction and the frequency of this executive dysfunction was analyzed using logistic regression.
Results: This study discovered that the frequency of executive dysfunction among subjects with subacute phase of ischemic stroke was 52.1% and it was significantly higher compared with controls (p<0.0001). Further, lower education level was the only determinant significantly correlated with the increased risk of executive dysfunction in the subjects (Odds ratio [OR] =3.47; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.47 – 10.26).
Conclusion: There was high frequency of subacute ischemic stroke-associated executive dysfunction associated with lower education level.
The potential role of MMP-9 and VEGF-C as predictors of lymph node involvement in papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Panigoro Sonar Soni , Muhammad  , Kartini Diani , Bob Andinata  , Sabarguna Boy Subirosa , Harahap Agnes Stephanie
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Most thyroid malignancy is papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). However, lymph node metastases occur in 30-40% of PTC patients. Biomarkers to predict cervical lymph node metastases have now begun to be widely varied, such as matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). There has not been any diagnostic agreement on MMP-9 and VEGF-C as predictors of lymph node metastasis in PTC. Hence, this study aims to determine the association of MMP-9 and VEGF-C to cervical lymph node metastases in PTC patients.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta. Patients diagnosed with PTC based on histopathological examination were included in this study. Patients with distant metastases were excluded from the study. The expression of MMP-9 and VEGF-C was investigated at the Anatomical Pathology Laboratory.
Results: Sixty-two patients were included in this study, 80.6% female and 19.4% male. The MMP-9 expression was higher in the metastatic group (p<0.001). The same results were also found in VEGF-C expression, where the median expression of this marker in the metastatic group was higher than in the non-metastatic group (p<0.001). We found a significant positive correlation between the MMP-9 and VEGF-C expressions (correlation coefficient of 0.618).
Conclusions: There is a significant relationship between the expression of MMP-9 and VEGFC with cervical lymph node metastases in PTC patients. The MMP-9 and VEGF-C expression was higher in the metastatic group. The increased MMP-9 expression is also positively correlated with increased VEGF-C expression.
A rare case of multiple fibrolipoma of the face: a case report
Authors: Irmadita Citrashanty  , Yoana Fransiska Wahyuning Christi  , Bagus Haryo Kusumaputra  , Maylita Sari  , Muhammad Yulianto Listiawan
Published: May 2024

Background: The appearance of noticeable strands of developed fibrous tissue bridging the fatty lobules is a characteristic of fibrolipoma. Despite being general, clinicians should be aware of the different fibrolipoma imaging findings to identify the patients. This case study aims to evaluate the rare case of multiple fibrolipoma of the face.
Case Presentation: We presented a 69-years-old female with multiple fibrolipoma in the facial area. The presence of a fibrolipoma has been confirmed through laboratory and physical examination. Fibrolipomas that develop in the nasal area and obstruct the patient's airway is initially treated with cautery therapy.
Conclusion: The occurrence of multiple fibrolipomas in the facial area is a very rarely reported case. Treatment using cauterization is recommended in such cases. Results were satisfactory, without any post-operative issues or fibro lipoma recurrence.
Comparison of chlorhexidine 0.7% and modified Petroff's method on sputum decontamination for culture method to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Lumbessy Rizky Hurriah , Mertaniasih Ni Made , Alimsardjono Lindawati , Soedarsono Soedarsono
Published: May 2024

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that is the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent worldwide. Culture is still the gold standard for the diagnosis of pulmonary TB. As an important specimen, sputum is often contaminated by normal flora at the time of collection, making the decontamination process an essential step of Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture. Decontamination with chlorhexidine 0.7% is expected to improve the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the culture method better than Modified Petroff's method.
Methods: This research is an experimental study. Sputum was collected from pulmonary TB patients. Each sputum was decontaminated with chlorhexidine 0,7% and others with Modified Petroff's. Decontaminated sputum inoculated on Lowenstein-Jensen media. Samples were incubated, and evaluated the recovery rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0 for Windows.
Results: In total, we collected 16 sputum with 11 (68.75%) direct smear positive, 14 (87.5%) smear positive by chlorhexidine 0.7% method, and 13 (81.25%) by Modified Petroff's method. The number of cultures positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis by chlorhexidine 0.7% method was 14 (87.5%), of which 11 (68.75%) have specific colony characteristics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 3 (18.75%) non-tuberculous mycobacteria, and 1 (6.24%) mixed. In Modified Petroff's, 6 (37.5%) were positive cultures and showed only growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The contamination rate was 1 (6.25%) using chlorhexidine 0.7% and 8 (50%) using Modified Petroff’s method.
Conclusion: Chlorhexidine 0.7% has a higher recovery rate in the culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis compared with Modified Petroff's, showing recovery of non-tuberculous mycobacteria and a lower contamination rate.
Interrupted aortic arch detected 4 days after surgical ventricular septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus closure: a case report
Authors: Busro Pribadi Wiranda , Sakidjan Indriwanto , Pohan Fathy Zuandi , Ulfalian Ameru , Muttaqin Chaidar , Asari Hari Agung
Published: May 2024

Background: Interrupted aortic arch is a loss of luminal continuity between ascending and descending aorta. In a patient with an interrupted aortic arch, systemic perfusion is supplied by ductus arteriosus. Therefore, ductal closure will lead to systemic hypoperfusion. We present a case of undiagnosed type A interrupted aortic arch on initial examination.
Case Presentation: A 4-month-old patient had signs of systemic hypoperfusion after a successful surgical ventricular septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus closure. Blood pressure between the upper and lower extremities showed a wide discrepancy. Echocardiography showed no flow from the aortic arch to the descending aorta. Emergency re-operation was performed, and type A interrupted aortic arch was found with descending aorta connected to the pulmonary artery. The interrupted aortic arch repair was performed using end to side technique. The patient was discharged on a post-operative day 26 without any complication, and no abnormalities were found on a 3-month follow-up.
Conclusion: Careful physical examination, including BP measurement of all extremities, is warranted. To avoid misdiagnosis, preoperative echocardiography must be performed thoroughly to assess cardiac and great vessel abnormalities, including color flow Doppler.
Profile of female blood donors in the blood transfusion units of Dr. Sardjito Central General Hospital Yogyakarta
Authors: Triyono Teguh , Marini Taslima  , Usi Sukorini
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Blood transfusion has been widely used in various medical services due to its benefits. Blood transfusion units (UTD) in Indonesia remain to experience a shortage of 972,552 blood units, or amounted to 18.8%. The percentage of female donors in Indonesia is 27.5%, while that of male donors is 72.5%. This large difference in proportion is caused by various erroneous assumptions, including that women are considered to have donated blood naturally every month through the menstrual process. This study aims to prove the low proportion of female donors and discovering the profile of female donors in the Blood Transfusion Unit (hereinafter referred to as UTD) of Dr. Sardjito General Hospital (hereinafter referred to as RSUP Dr. Sardjito) Yogyakarta.
Methods: This descriptive study utilized data from 62,221 blood donors in 2017–2019 taken from the donor database of the UTD of RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta.
Results: Female donors at RSUP Dr. Sardjito in 2017-2019 reached 13,873 (22.3%) donors, 71.6% of them having an age range of 17-30 and 38.31% of them having blood type O. Rhesus positive was found in 99.58% of donors, while rhesus negative was found in 0.42% of donors. Female donors with a Hb range of 12.5-14 g/dL reached 69.16%, while those with a Hb range of 14.1-15.5 g/dL reached 26.97%. Whole blood component was found in 99.97% of donors, and voluntary donor status was found in 94.25% of donors.
Conclusion: The proportion of female donors is much smaller than that of males, with the majority being whole-blood donors. The most common blood type found in female donors is O, and the highest age range is 17 to 30. The highest Hb range is 12.5-14 g/dL. Most of them are voluntary donors.
The Operative Duration of Elective and Emergency Hernia Repair Surgery: A Single Center Experience
Authors: Chistina Natalia , Candrawinata Valeska , Nathalia Christine , Seiko Ivory , Yuwono Ivy Nadia
Published: May 2024

Background: This observational study aims to provide hernia repair surgery data in Tangerang, Indonesia, hoping to pioneer a nationwide hernia study. Furthermore, another aim is that the data comparison provided in this study can become the groundwork for more advanced studies.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed our database at Siloam General Hospital between January 2021 and September 2022. We reviewed the cohort gender, age, type of hernia, type of surgery, and duration of hernia repair surgery.
Results: There was a total of 110 patients, with a predominance in the male gender (91.3%) compared to the female (8.7%). Dividing the patients into certain age groups, we also found that most hernia patients are > 60 years old. One hundred three patients (93.6%) were diagnosed with inguinal hernia, and 7 patients (6.4%) were diagnosed with a non-inguinal hernia. It was found that the duration of emergency surgery in patients with the inguinal hernia was 93.6 minutes, and non-inguinal patients were 118.2 minutes. Compared to the duration of elective surgery in patients with the inguinal hernia was 57.2 minutes, and non-inguinal patients were 67.7 minutes.
Conclusion: We did not find any appreciable differences in the length of the surgical procedure between the elective and emergency trial group. Additional research is encouraged to understand the significance of the operating duration in elective and urgent hernia repair procedures.
Postoperative complications of Mathieu incised plate versus standard tubularized incised plate urethroplasty for distal hypospadias: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jamhari Muhammad Arif Hakim , Rahman Ilham Akbar , Setiawan Muhammad Rifki , Salsabila Sirin , Renaldo Johan , Soebadi Mohammad Ayodhia
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Surgical reconstruction is the mainstay treatment for distal hypospadias. A range of urethroplasty techniques is available with their benefits and disadvantages. We conducted a study to investigate the postoperative complications of Mathieu with plate incision technique relative to standard tubularized incised plate (TIP) technique in patients with distal hypospadias.
Materials and Methods: The course of the study was referred to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Designated articles were clinical trials comparing postoperative complications of Mathieu with plate incision and standard TIP technique for distal hypospadias, systematically searched through PubMed and ScienceDirect databases. Pooled studies were analyzed in qualitative and quantitative methods. The protocol of this study was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022341745).
Results: Meta-analysis of the included studies yielded a significant difference in the postoperative incidence of meatal stenosis, narrow stream, and fistula formation of distal hypospadias patients in favor of Mathieu with plate incision compared to standard TIP technique, with Mantel-Haenszel test result of OR: 0.08 CI 0.01-0.41 (p = 0.003) for meatal stenosis; OR: 0.09 CI 0.02-0.49 (p = 0.006) for narrow stream; and OR: 0.28 CI 0.08-0.96 (p = 0.04) for fistula formation. All outcomes presented insignificant heterogeneity across studies (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: The incidence of meatal stenosis, narrow stream, and fistula formation is lower in patients with distal hypospadias who underwent Mathieu with plate incision procedure than the standard TIP urethroplasty.
Locomotion training addition to regular aerobic exercise improves walking speed and two-step test of the institutionalized older adult with Locomotive Syndrome stage 1: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Prayogo Michael , Rwahita Satyawati  , Sari Dyah Intania , Tinduh Damayanti , Wulan Sri Mardjiati Mei , Mikami Yukio , Melaniani Soenarnatalina
Published: May 2024

Background: Most nursing homes in Indonesia use only aerobic exercise as regular exercise for their resident. Locomotion Training is a combination of lower extremity strengthening and balance exercises. This study aims to determine the effects of the addition of locomotion training to regular aerobic exercise on Walking Speed (WS) and Two Step Test (TST) of institutionalized older adults with the locomotive syndrome (LS) stage 1.
Methods: 24 older adults with locomotive syndrome stage 1 (mean age, 73.85 years) participated in the study and were randomly allocated to the Locomotion Training addition group (LTG) and control group (CG). Eight weeks of daily group-based aerobic exercise were conducted for 30 minutes for both groups. The LTG performed additional locomotion training 3 times per week, with a progressive increase of set and repetition at each activity according to the participant's tolerance. The measurement of WS and TST was collected at baseline and 3 days after the intervention was completed for each participant.
Results: Twenty participants completed the study, ten from CG and ten from LTG. The results showed a significant statistical difference in WS and TST in LTG (p <0.05) but no improvement in the CG (p >0.05) after 8 weeks of intervention.
Conclusion: In addition to regular aerobic exercise, Locomotion Training can improve WS and TST in the institutionalized older adult with locomotive syndrome stage 1.