bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analiza oddziaływania instytucji zarządzania budżetowego na innowacyjność sektora publicznego
Authors: Staszewski Bartosz
Published: November 2021

Artykuł przedstawia analizę oddziaływania wybranych instytucji zarządzania budżetowego na skłonność i zdolność jednostek sektora publicznego do tworzenia, wdrażania i upowszechniania innowacji w produkcji publicznej. Pozytywnie na innowacyjność oddziałują m.in. numeryczne reguły budżetowe, odgórny i skoncentrowany budżetowy proces decyzyjny, średniookresowe ramy budżetowe i programowy podział budżetu. Analiza stanowi podstawę oceny systemu zarządzania budżetowego w podsektorze rządowym w Polsce, który zaliczono do grupy systemów hamujących innowacyjność. Koncentracja publicznych procesów decyzyjnych w ramach procesu planowania budżetowego oraz integracja zarządzania budżetowego z innymi systemami zarządzania publicznego przy wykorzystaniu wspólnej architektury programowej zostały rekomendowane jako warunki wstępne skutecznego oddziaływania na innowacyjność sektora publicznego.
Recenzja książki: Jerzy Oniszczuk, 2019. Sztuka rozumienia. Poszukiwania filozofii archaicznej, Warszawa: Oficyna Wydawnicza SGH
Authors: Kaźmierczyk Stanisław
Published: November 2021

Artykuł jest recenzją książki Sztuka rozumienia. Poszukiwania filozofii archaicznej (2019) autorstwa Jerzego Oniszczuka. Autor recenzji omawia zawartość książki, komentuje wyniki przeprowadzonych analiz oraz sposób ich prezentacji.
The Role of Values in Nietzsche's Metaphilosophy
Authors: Loeb Paul
Published: November 2021

The goal of this essay is to show how we might gain new insight into the meaning of Nietzsche’s metaphilosophical lessons at the start of Beyond Good and Evil. Maudemarie Clark’s interpretation of these lessons is prima facie plausible and has gained widespread acceptance in the Anglophone community of Nietzsche scholars. According to this reading, Nietzsche thinks that philosophers cannot help but project their preferred values into their theories of the world and he thinks that this is true of his own theory of the world as will to power. I argue that there are severe problems with Clark’s supporting textual evidence and that we should therefore reconsider how we usually think today about the role of values in Nietzsche’s conception of philosophy and about the epistemic status that he grants to his own philosophical theories.
Nietzsche on Power and Value: A Response to John Richardson's Nietzsche's Values
Authors: Doyle Tsarina
Published: November 2021

The following article offers a critical appraisal of the central arguments of John Richardson’s Nietzsche’s Values. It contends that although the book provides a comprehensive and illuminating interpretation of Nietzsche’s naturalist approach to value, it overlooks the more essentialist dimensions of his account of power.
Replies
Authors: Richardson John
Published: November 2021

Replies to the comments on Nietzsche's Values by Tsarina Doyle, Robert Guay, and Paul Katsafanas.
Adolescentes, escuela y comportamiento agresivo en tiempos de pandemia. Dinámicas y retos
Authors: Contini Norma , Mejail Sergio , Caballero Valeria , Lacunza Betina , Lucero Gabriel
Published: November 2021

La presente investigación tuvo por objetivo comprender el comportamiento agresivo de adolescentes en contextos de privación cultural, explorar el uso que hacen de las redes sociales virtuales e indagar si las manifestaciones agresivas ahí expresadas se modificaron en la pandemia de COVID-19. Para ello se utilizó el método de teoría fundamentada a partir de la interpretación del discurso de una informante clave obtenido por entrevistas. Se definieron categorías inductivas de análisis: comportamiento agresivo, pobreza, escuela y mass media. Se destacó la incidencia del contexto de pobreza en la organización de la subjetividad y la función social de la escuela desde la perspectiva de la inclusión. A partir de lo anterior, se concluye que los adolescentes en contextos de carencia han perdido la libertad (Sen, 2000) para emplear sus capacidades en obtener una vida de calidad y que la profundización de su vulnerabilidad social se sostiene desde múltiples factores, como los medios de comunicación, TIC, políticas educativas y estigma social.
Updates on FIGO Staging Classification and the New WHO Classification for Cancer of the Ovary
Authors: Begum Ferdousi , Chowdhury TA
Published: November 2021

Background: The knowledge of different subtypes of ovarian cancer is improving with the progress in molecular pathological research. The WHO classification was revised,in parallel with the implementation of the new FIGO staging classification. The former is mainly based on the histopathological findings and defines the actual type of tumor. It has an important impact on prognosis and therapy of the patient.

Materials and methods: FIGO staging classification for cancer of the ovary, fallopian tube, and peritoneum published by Jaime Prat and the new WHO Classification of Ovarian Cancer published by Robert Kurman and coauthors in 2014 are summarized.

Results: The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics recently significantly revised staging criteria for cancer of the ovary. The latest revision was based on the concept that high-grade serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC) may be the origin of some high-grade serous carcinomas of the ovary and peritoneum. Therefore, staging criteria for the ovary, fallopian tube, and peritoneum have been unified. Understanding this background and other important revised points are essential. The previous focus of mesothelial origin of ovarian cancer has been eliminated in new classification. Instead, a discussion of tubal carcinogenesis of hereditary and some other high-grade serous carcinomas is featured. Regarding serous cancers, the previously assumed pathogenesis pathway may be correct for some, but not for all. The earlier transitional cell type of ovarian cancer has been removed while seromucinous tumors have been added as a new entity. The role of some borderline tumors as one possible step in the progression from benign to invasive lesions is incorporated. The article summarizes the essential updates concerning serous, mucinous, seromucinous, endometrioid, clearcell, and Brenner tumors.

Conclusion: The new WHO classification takes into account the recent findings on the origin, pathogenesis, and prognosis of different ovarian cancer subtypes. In both FIGO and WHO classification, the tubal origin of hereditary and some non-hereditary high-grade serous cancers is mentioned in contrast to the hitherto theory of mesothelial origin of tumors. Seromucinous tumors represent a new entity.

Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2017; Vol. 32(1): 33-41
BJOG yearly CME program Vol. 32(1)
Authors: Begum Ferdousi
Published: November 2021

Abstract not available

Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2017; Vol. 32(1): 55-57
Risk Factors and Fetal Outcome of PE Cases in a Tertiary Level Hospital
Authors: Nahar Kamrun , Banu Selina Akter , Siddika Sharmin , Begum Atika
Published: November 2021

Objective: To study the risk factors and foetal outcome of pre-eclampsia in a tertiary level hospital.

Materials and methods: A total 40 consecutive patients of pre-eclampsia (PE) were included in this study between April 2009 to March 2010. Patients whose B.P. was ³140/90 mm of Hg and proteinuria detected by dipstick test were included in this study. Detailed discussion about the study was done with the patient and then written informed consent was taken from them. Detailed history about patient profile, risk factors and foetal outcome in terms of birth weight, maturity and IUGR(intrauterine growth retardation) etc were recorded in predesigned data collection sheet. Data was expressed in terms of frequenies and percentages.

Results: Most of the patients were in the age group of 20-30 years (52.5%) and 60% were primi gravida . Most of the patient (60%) developed pre-eclampsia at 37 weeks of gestation. Regarding risk factors 30% patients were obese, previous history of pre-eclampsia (PE) in 7.5% cases, pregnancy with diabetes was found in 5% cases and multiple pregnancy in 2.5% cases. Caesarean section was done in 72.5% cases and vaginal delivery occurred in 25% cases. Birth weight 2.5-3 kg found in 40% cases. 37.5% babies were premature, IUGR in 7.5%, intrauterine death in 5% and neonatal death was observed in 2% cases.

Conclusion: Primi gravida are more prone to develop pre-eclampsia. Obesity, previous history of pre-eclampsia, multiple pregnancy and pregnancy with diabetes mellitus increase the risk of pre-eclampsia. Prematurity, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), intrauterine death (IUD), neonatal death are important foetal complications.

Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2019; Vol. 34(1): 3-7
A Comparative Study on Feto-Maternal Outcome of GDM Treated by Either Insulin or Metformin
Authors: Noor Tania , Parvin Tahmina , Siddika Sharmin , Begum Farjana , Banu Selina Akter , Tasnim Saria , Jahan Parul
Published: November 2021

Background: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is linked with amplified risk of variety of maternal and perinatal complications. There have been a number of studies comparing metformin with insulin in the management of GDM.

Methods: A clinical trial (Quasi experimental) was conducted on fifty women with GDM at their 24 – 34 weeks of gestation with the aim to compare maternal and perinatal outcomes treated by either insulin or metformin. The study population were recruited from obstetrics and gynaecology outpatient department of Medical College for Women and Hospital, Uttara, Dhaka, from July 2012 to December 2012.The patients were divided into two groups (nonrandomized), 25 patients in each, and were subjected to either injection insulin or oral metformin medication.

Results: The patients were grouped as insulin or metformin group. They were compared in terms of age, parity and developing maternal complications like preeclampsia (p=0.24), UTI (p=0.40), polyhydramnios (p=0.70). However, the incidence of preterm birth was higher among metformin group in comparison to insulin group (P=0.007).There was no significant difference between insulin and metformin group as regard to mode of delivery. The proportion of neonatal hypoglycemia in insulin group was higher than metformin group (P=0.46) but statistically not significant. Other neonatal outcomes such as macrosomia, birth asphyxia and hyperbillirubinaemia did not differ significantly between two groups.

Conclusion: In women with GDM, treatment with metformin is associated with higher proportion of preterm birth than with insulin. Proportion of neonatal hypoglycemia is higher with insulin use.

Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2019; Vol. 34(1): 8-14
Clinical Outcomes of Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy (TLH): Seven Years’ Experience in a Public Hospital
Authors: Sultana Jobaida , Khan Md Manir Hossain , Ashraf Professor Fatema , Sultana Mahmuda , Chowdhury Mariha Alam
Published: November 2021

Objective: The aim of the study was to explore the surgical outcomes of total laparoscopic hysterectomy.

Materials and methods: This was a prospective analysis of total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy (TLH) done between January, 2012 to December, 2018 in Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College and Hospital. Demographic data, clinical criteria, intra operative and postoperative outcome data were recorded. Data were collected in a predesigned Data collection sheet. Follow up records done during discharge from the hospital, one week and four weeks postoperatively.

Results: Total 298, laparoscopic hysterectomy were performed during the period. Among them 96 % (n=286) for benign and 4 %( n=12) for malignant condition were included in the study population. Mean age of the patients was 45.4 ± 5.6 years, mean parity was 1.9 ± 0.64 and the mean body mass index was 27.48 ± 0.57. The most common benign disease was leiomyoma, 51.7 %. Among the study cases 21.8% (n=65) had history of at least one previous abdomino-pelvic surgery. Maximum size of uterus removed was 28 weeks and maximum patients, 48% (n=143) had uterine size of 10-14 weeks. The operating time was variable between 50 min to 180 min and in the course of time, the mean operating time dropped from 130 min to 60 min. The mean length of hospital stay was 2 days and the return to normal activities was within 2 weeks. Major complications observed among 3.7 % of cases among them 2(0.67%) bladder injury, 2(0.67%) vesico-vaginal fistula (VVF), 3(1.0%) ureterovaginal fistula (UVF) and 4(1.3%) peroperative hemorrhage requiring blood transfusion. Among the 7 cases of urological complications, one patient with VVF and one patient with UVF needed relaparotomy. Ultimately all cases were managed without any residual problem. Conversion to laparotomy was 0.3 % (n=1) of case.

Conclusion: TLH offers the benefit of minimally invasive surgery to the patient and is a safe and acceptable alternative to standard hysterectomy for various gynaecological indications.

Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2019; Vol. 34(1): 28-35
International News Vol. 34(1)
Authors: Khatun Sabera
Published: November 2021

Abstract not available

Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2019; Vol. 34(1): 65
Surgery versus radiofrequency ablation in patients with Child- Pugh class-A/single small (≤3 cm) hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Lee Jungnam , Jin Young-Joo , Shin Seung Kak , Kwon Jung Hyun , Kim Sang Gyune , Suh Young Ju , Jeong Yujin , Yu Jung Hwan , Lee Jin-Woo , Kwon Oh Sang , Nahm Soon Woo , Kim Young Seok
Published: November 2021

Background/Aims: We compared the post-treatment overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) between patients with Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) class-A and single small (≤3 cm) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated by surgical resection (SR) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA).Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 391 HCC patients with CTP class-A who underwent SR (n=232) or RFA (n=159) as first-line therapy for single small (≤3 cm) HCC. Survival was compared according to the tumor size (≤2 cm/2–3 cm) and the presence of cirrhosis. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPW) method was used to estimate the average causal effect of treatment.Results: The median follow-up period was 64.8 months (interquartile range, 0.1–162.6). After IPW, the estimated OS was similar in the SR and RFA groups (P=0.215), and even in patients with HCC of ≤2 cm (P=0.816) and without cirrhosis (P=0.195). The estimated RFS was better in the SR group than in the RFA groups (P=0.005), also in patients without cirrhosis (P<0.001), but not in those with HCC of ≤2 cm (P=0.234). The weighted Cox proportional hazards model with IPW provided adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for OS, and the RFS after RFA versus SR were 0.698 (0.396–1.232) (P=0.215) and 1.698 (1.777–2.448) (P=0.005), respectively.Conclusions: SR was similar for OS compared to RFA, but was better for RFS in patients with CTP class-A and single small (≤3 cm) HCC. The RFS was determined by the presence or absence of cirrhosis. Hence, SR rather than RFA should be considered in patients without cirrhosis to prolong the RFS, although there is no OS difference.
Schreber's Law
Authors: Goodrich Peter
Published: November 2021

Daniel Paul Schreber, a senior German Judge at the end of the 19th century, author of Memoirs of My Nervous Illness, wanted to become a woman. Diagnosed by Freud, without ever meeting this patient, as mad, the Judge was simultaneously made world famous and stigmatised as a lunatic. The diagnosis, taken up again by Lacan, excluded the Judge from any non-clinical reading. Schreber’s Law reverses this diagnosis and takes up the case of the Judge in the current climate of trans advocacy to argue that far from being mad, he was driven by transitional desire and his extra-judicial writings, the Memoirs, some poetry, an essay on legal doctrine should be taken seriously as a radical critique of morbus juridicus, the illness of law. The argument is that the Judge fell ill of law. He was sick of the iron cage of German jurisprudence and so broke out and inscribed a biting critique of the automatism of jurists, of the theology of legal positivism, and of affectless reason of law’s putative science.
The Kurds in Erdoğan's Turkey
Authors: Gourlay William
Published: November 2021

This book examines the circumstances of the Kurds in 21st-century Turkey under the hegemony of the AKP government and presidency of Recep Tayyip Erdoǧan. Recording Kurdish voices from Istanbul and Diyarbakır, it highlights the elements of Kurdish ethnic identity and the dimensions of Kurdish political aspirations in Turkey. Kurds have long occupied a troubled position in Turkey’s political landscape – where once their very existence was denied, now there is grudging acceptance of their presence and political organisations. Within the context of Turkey’s troubled trajectory towards democratisation, the book documents Kurdish narratives of oppression and resistance and enquires how Kurds reconcile their distinct ethnic identity with their citizenship in modern Turkey. Recent geopolitical changes in the Middle East have seen Kurdish political actors win global recognition and support, the effects of which have reverberated through Turkey. The book argues that although they may still mobilise and operate under pressure from state and military authorities, the Kurds form a key constituency in Turkey. It further argues that as long as political processes remain free and open then Kurds will continue to recognise and value their citizenship of Turkey.
A tudományos bizonyítékok transzlációja hypertonia-irányelvbe (ESC/ESH Guidelines on Arterial Hypertension): a bizonyosság és bizonytalanság elemzése a döntéshozatal támogatásához
Authors: Koller Ákos , Takács Johanna
Published: November 2021

Célkitűzés – Az orvos-egészségügyi szakmai irányelvek (guidelines) a meglévő szakmai tudás összefoglalói, amelyek segítik az egészségügyi szakemberek orvosi döntéshozatalát. Jelen vizsgálatunk célja az ESC/ESH által kiadott artériás hypertonia (AH) irányelv elemzése, hogy meghatározzuk milyen bizonyossággal (hatékonysággal) rendelkezik összességében a döntések meghozatalához. Módszer – Az AH-irányelv matematikai elemző vizsgálatát végeztük, értékelve a tudományos bizonyítékok szintjeit (Level) és az ajánlások fokozatait (Class). Összesen 135 Level- és Class-adatot elemeztünk. A döntési bizonyosság/bizonytalanság százalékos arányait az ajánlások egyes fokozataihoz tartozó tudományos bizonyítékok szintjeinek elemzése alapján számítottuk ki. Eredmények – Az AH-irányelv nagy arányban rendelkezett ’A evidencia szintű’ bizonyítékokkal az ajánlások egyes fokozataiban. A döntési bizonyosság az AH-irányelvben viszonylag magas, 75,7% volt. A diagnózisra és kezelésre vonatkozó ajánlások döntési bizonyossága 68,6%, illetve 77,8% volt. Következtetés – Jelen vizsgálatunkban egy olyan új és objektív módszert alkalmaztunk, amellyel az orvos-egészségügyi szakmai irányelveket objektíven lehet értékelni és döntéshozatali hatékonyságukat megállapítani, figyelembe véve az ajánlások egyes fokozataihoz tartozó bizonyítékokat. A döntési bizonyosság/bizonytalanság arányának objektív és kvantitatív meghatározása egy objektív eszköz arra is, hogy a kutatási bizonyítékokat ’átfordítsuk’ szakmai irányelvekké, és egyben lehetővé teszi az irányelvek összehasonlíthatóságát. Továbbá a bizonytalanság feltárása iránymutatást ad a jövőbeni kísérletes és klinikai kutatások számára, elősegítve ezzel az adott területen lévő tudásunk folyamatos gyarapítását.
HFpEF-ben szenvedő hypertoniás betegek kezelése : A mineralokortikoidreceptor-antagonista (MRA), az angiotenzinreceptor-gátló neprilizininhibitor (ARNI) és a nátrium-glükóz kotranszporter-2 gátlók (SGLT-2-inhibitorok) szerepe
Authors: Masszi Gabriella
Published: November 2021

A megtartott szisztolés szíverejű szívelégtelenség (HFpEF) tünetes formájának prevalenciája gyakran okoz terápiás gondot a klinikusok számára. Számos társbetegség között a hypertonia az egyik leggyakoribb kísérő állapota, így annak kezelése, gondozása szintén megkülönböztetett figyelmet érdemel. A magas vérnyomás és a HFpEF egyidejű kezelésében felmerülő új gyógyszeres terápiás lehetőségeket tekintjük át az erre a célra tervezett vizsgálatok eredményeinek tükrében.
Tények és tévhitek a tiazid és tiazidszerű diuretikumok kapcsán
Authors: Benczúr Béla
Published: November 2021

A diuretikumok változatlanul első vonalbeli kezelésnek számítanak a hypertoniaajánlásokban. Ezzel együtt számos vita irányult a mellékhatásaikra, és ennek eredményeként egy kissé eltúlzott félelem alakult ki a metabolikus mellékhatásaik és a potenciális bőrdaganatokat okozó hatásaik miatt. Az adatok egyelőre azt mutatják, hogy az általuk okozott klinikailag jelentős laboreltérések rendkívül kismértékűek, rákkeltő hatásuk nem teljesen bizonyított, ugyanakkor a volumencsökkentő és natriureticus hatásuk jelentős, ezáltal nagymértékben csökkentik a morbiditást és mortalitást. Igaz ugyanakkor, hogy számos nemzetközi guideline különbséget tesz a tiazid (hidroklorotiazid) és a tiazidszerű (klortalidon, indapamid) diuretikumok között, és inkább a hosszú hatású tiazidszerű diuretikumokat preferálják. Ezen különbségek alapján lehet, hogy utóbbiakat érdemes lesz külön alcsoportként kategorizálni. Azt azonban érdemes tudni, hogy az indapamidnak két eltérő farmakokinetikájú változata van, amely komoly klinikai jelentőségű.
PROSECUTOR'S SUPERVISION IN THE FIELD OF INVESTMENT ACTIVITY IN THE TERRITORIES OF ADVANCED SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE FAR EASTERN FEDERAL DISTRICT)
Authors:   Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation, SHPINEV YURY
Published: November 2021

The article deals with the issues of prosecutor's supervision in the field of investment activity on the example of the Far Eastern Federal District. Based on the analysis of scientific works in the field of prosecutor's supervision, the author concludes that the scientific development of the issue under study is insufficient and its acute relevance at the present time. The article reflects the history of the development of prosecutor's supervision in the field of investment activity in recent years in the territories of advanced socio-economic development in the Far Eastern Federal District. On the basis of open sources of the prosecutor's office, the author identifies the main areas of activity of the prosecutor's office for the implementation of prosecutor's supervision in the territories of advanced socio-economic development, and also identifies the main types of violations of the current legislation in the investment sphere. The most common violations include late adoption or amendments to regulatory regional or municipal acts, the request of entrepreneurs for documents that are not established by law, various bureaucratic obstacles and non-compliance with the deadlines established by law when submitting documents or performing certain actions, etc. A positive role in protecting the rights and legitimate interests of investors, according to the author, was played by taking into account the negative experience of creating free economic zones, as well as the creation of an interdepartmental working group of the Prosecutor General's Office of the Russian Federation for the Ministry for the Development of the Far East.
TAX MONITORING IN THE SYSTEM OF STATE FINANCIAL CONTROL
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation, IVANOVA ELENA
Published: November 2021

The article talks about the concept of tax monitoring, its place and significance in the state financial control system. The purpose of the work is determining its place and importance in the system of state financial control. Tax monitoring as a form of tax control refers to the so-called horizontal tax control, which is expressed in a system of constant online partnership between tax authorities and taxpayers on the calculation and payment of tax payments, accounting and tax accounting. This procedure is carried out in relation to large taxpayers who are subject to certain requirements of the tax legislation Its distinctive features are the absence of in-house and on-site tax audits during the period of its implementation, as well as the preparation a motivated opinion on the initiative of the tax authority or taxpayer, which allows to the occurrence of possible harmful consequences in the tax area. The main conclusions obtained in the course of the research: the relationship that develops between an organization and a tax authority when conducting tax monitoring mediates both private and public interest. Tax monitoring, being a subspecies of state financial control, has its own specific features, expressed in a special relationship between the taxpayer and the tax authority, based on the principles of trust, openness and reliability of information, which allows you to quickly resolve possible disputes in real time. Since the main function of tax monitoring is preventive, it was assigned to the form of preliminary control. According to the criteria for classifying financial control into mandatory and proactive, tax monitoring is classified as proactive, since it is carried out on the basis of a taxpayer's application submitted within the legally established time frame.
IMPROVING CUSTOMS AND TAX ADMINISTRATION IN THE NEW ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation, KOSTIN ALEKSEY
Published: November 2021

The purpose of the research. This article considers the particularities of building the system of customs and tax administration by the federal executive authorities of the Russian Federation in the present context. This system is still characterized by its problem areas: first, a weak level of interdepartmental communication (in the context of economic transformation towards the new technological setup, this problem is coming to a visible key place - the latest information technologies impose completely different requirements on the efficiency of the organization of the process of customs clearing and processing as well as on the qualification of specialists in the customs field); second, an insufficient level of coordination between the customs service and participants in foreign economic activity (this issue is apparent in lacking the dispute-resolution mechanism in the main area of interaction - determining the customs value and calculating customs payments); third, the formal content of international customs cooperation. Conclusions. The study made it possible to identify the key areas of development of customs and tax administration in the new economic environment, in particular, the need for a fundamental change in the approaches implemented by the customs service of Russia, in cooperation with participants in foreign economic activity, other federal executive authorities and, above all, tax authorities, customs administrations of other countries and international organizations. The participation of customs authorities in the implementation of the Single Window Mechanism project is of key importance here.
Geri Dönüşümlü Agrega İçeren Betonarme Yüksek Kirişlerin Tasarımı
Authors: SARIBAS İlyas
Published: November 2021

Tuğla kırığı ve tuğla tozunun bağlayıcı üretiminde kullanılmasıyla başlayan inşaat ve yıkıntı atıkla-rının geri dönüşümü, artan makine/ekipman, bilgi ve tecrübeyle hız kazanmıştır. İnşaat ve yıkıntı atıklarının büyük bir kısmını atık betonlar oluşturmaktadır. Atık betonların çevreci yöntemlerle dö-nüştürmesiyle elde edilen agregaların doğal agregalara alternatif bir ürün olduğunu ortaya koymak için kapsamlı çalışmalar yapılmış ve yapılmaya devam etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, dört farklı oranda geri dönüşümlü agrega içerdiği kabul edilen yüksek kirişlerin tasarımı, mevcut yönetmeliklerin önerdiği bağıntılar kullanılarak çubuk analojisi metoduna göre yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar doğal agregalı yüksek kirişlerin tasarım sonuçları ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre; %25 oranında geri dönüşümlü agrega içeren yüksek kirişlerin tasarım sonuçların doğal agregalı kirişlerin tasarım sonuçla-rına benzediği görülmüştür. Yüksek kirişlerdeki geri dönüşümlü agrega oranı arttıkça bu kirişlerin tasa-rım sonuçlarının doğal agregalı kirişlerin tasarım sonuçlarından hızla uzaklaştığı belirlenmiştir. Ayrı-ca, mevcut yönetmelik bağıntılarının %25 oranında geri dönüşümlü agrega içeren yüksek kirişlerde geçerli olduğu, bu oranın aşıldığı kirişlerde mevcut bağıntıların kullanılmasının yapısal tasarım açı-sından risk oluşturacağı tespit edilmiştir.
Kıyı Akiferlerinde Tuzlu Su Girişimi Etkisi ve Yeraltı Barajları: Bir Literatür İncelemesi
Authors: Değerli Serin , Turhan Evren
Published: November 2021

Kıyı bölgeleri, ticaret ağlarına kolay ulaşımı ve verimli toprakları sayesinde Dünya nüfusunun yaklaşık yarısını üzerinde barındırmaktadır. Sahil şeridinde biriken yoğun canlı nüfusunun temel su ihtiyaçlarının karşılanabilmesi için yeraltı tatlı su kaynakları sıklıkla tercih edilmektedir. Ancak yeraltı akiferlerinin deşarj hızının yüzeysel su kaynaklarına kıyasla çok daha az olmasından dolayı kontrolsüz kullanım sonucunda akiferlerde tuzlu su girişimi problemi ortaya çıkabilmektedir. Bu çalışma, yeraltı suyu akımına tuzlu su girişimi ile ilgili literatürdeki çalışmaların detaylı bir şekilde incelenmesi ve ileriye dönük önerilerde bulunmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Literatür ayrıntılı incelendiğinde yeraltı akım dinamiğinde tuzlu su girişimine bağlı olarak oluşan akım davranışını nümerik ve deneysel olarak ele alan çalışmalar olduğu görülebilmektedir. Sonuç olarak Türkiye’deki kıyıya yakın birçok drenaj havzasında su kullanımına bağlı olarak böyle bir yeraltı suyu kirliliği sorunu meydana gelebilecektir. Yeraltı barajlarının yapımı su ihtiyacının karşılanması noktasında ve kuraklıkla mücadelede önemli çözümler olarak düşünülebilir.
REPRESENTATION OF JEALOUSY IN SHORT MOVIE “THE NEIGHBORS’ WINDOW”
Authors: Sihombing Lambok Hermanto , Fahrezi M. Shacrul , Nursewan Haysel L. A.
Published: November 2021

Short films are often underestimated for their lack of duration. People think that the short duration will affect to how the messages are conveyed. However, short films are now very popular. There is even a category of best short film in Academy Awards, or well-known as Oscars. The Neighbors’ Window is one of many Oscars’ winners for best short film. This research aims to find out how jealousy is represented in the short film The Neighbors’ Window by Marshall Curry. This method of this research uses a theory from Saussure called semiotics. This research also uses an approach of Representation theory by Mary Beltran and Stuart Hall. Most of the data in this article is taken from scenes in the short film which later are connected with the theories. This result of this research shows that the important scenes presented in this movie are representation of Jealousy towards each character. This research shows that the movie is about jealousy presented by the symbols in the movie using some analytical research by applying the two theories.
ANALYSIS OF HOTS IN ENGLISH TEACHER-MADE TEST
Authors: Syahdanis Junitri Dian , Sofyan Dedi , Yunita Wisma
Published: November 2021

HOTS were three upper cognitive processes of Bloom's revised taxonomy by Anderson and Krathwohl (2001) which consisted of analyzing, evaluating, and creating. The objectives of this research were (1) to know the distribution of HOTS in English teacher-made test (2) to evaluate the relevancy of the English teacher-made test with the competencies in English simplified syllabus; (3) to know the reason for less appearance of HOTS in the English teacher-made test. This research focused on English teacher-made tests for grade X and grade XI in the academic year of 2020/2021 at the senior high school number 6 and senior high school number 11 in Bengkulu city. This study adopted a mixed-method as the research design. The first result displayed that HOTS obtained lower distribution rather than LOTS and MOTS in English teacher-made tests for grade X and grade XI at both schools. The second result showed that the English teacher-made tests for grade X and grade XI at both schools were relevant to the English simplified syllabus. The last, the reason for less appearance of HOTS in English teacher-made test at both schools came from two aspects. From the teachers' aspect, they needed more HOTS professional training to improve their understanding of HOTS. From the students' aspect, they needed to practice and learn more about HOTS questions, because most students could not work with HOTS questions.
PENERAPAN WEB PROXY DAN MANAGEMENT BANDWIDTH MENGGUNAKAN MIKROTIK ROUTERBOARD PADA KANTOR POS PALEMBANG 30000
Authors: Ariyadi Tamsir , Maulana A Taufan
Published: November 2021

The Palembang 30000 POS office which is supported by information technology has a computer network that is directly connected to the ISP (Internet Service Provider) which has a bandwidth allocation of 20 Mbps. The problem at the Palembang 30000 POS Office is that there is no web proxy and Bandwidth Management application, so employees can access various sites that interfere with employee performance and employees who use the internet for free result in uneven bandwidth usage. The purpose of this study is to implement a web proxy and bandwidth management, so that the bandwidth is evenly distributed, therefore it is necessary to divide the bandwidth using a proxy routerboard, the method used for bandwidth distribution is using the simple queue method. By implementing a web proxy, it can control internet usage and block website sites that have the potential to interfere with employee performance, by making bandwidth management able to limit bandwidth usage and share bandwidth equally on each client, so internet access is now running more stable.
EFFECT OF COUNTRY IMAGE, PRICE FAIRNESS AND ETHICAL PRACTICE TO CUSTOMER SATISFACTION THROUGH CUSTOMER PRECEIVED VALUE OF TTS LECI SIRUP IN SURABAYA
Authors: Sugianto Edwin , Ardhanari Margaretha
Published: November 2021

Consumers are the premiere part of companies' business activities. Therefore, the ability to provide products following their expectations and desires from a good image of the products' country origin, benefits, prices, and honesty is crucial. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to test and analyze the effect of country image, price fairness, and ethical practices on customer satisfaction through customer perceived value. The method used in this research is quantitative with the population of people from Surabaya. The sampling method used in this study is a non-probability sampling method. The sampling technique used purposive sampling. The data collection method uses a survey method by distributing questionnaires. The measurement scale in this study uses the Likert scale. Data tests were carried out using the structural equation modeling method. From the research results, it can be obtained that the influence between variables, including country image, has a positive and significant effect on customer perceived value and has a positive and insignificant effect directly on customer satisfaction. However, when the effect is on the mediation of customer perceived value, the effect becomes positive and significant. Price fairness has a positive and significant effect directly on customer perceived value and has a positive and insignificant effect directly on customer satisfaction, but when the effect is on the mediation of customer perceived value the effect becomes positive and significant. The ethical practice has a positive and significant effect directly and indirectly on customer satisfaction. Customer perceived value has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction. The advice given by this study is that the TTS Leci Kaleng company can continue to understand consumer behavior in Indonesia, to attract as many consumers as possible.
THE EFFECT OF DEBT TO ASSET RATIO (DAR), DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO (DER), AND TOTAL ASSETS TURNOVER (TATO) ON RETURN ON ASSET (ROA) IN COSMETICS AND HOUSEHOLD GOODS SUB SECTOR COMPANIES LISTED IN THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE YEAR 2016 - 2019
Authors: Alifiana Sophira , Indah Novi Permata
Published: November 2021

The cosmetics and household goods sub-sector is a member of a consumer goods industry sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Companies need profitability ratios, to measure effectiveness in earning profits. High profitability is an indicator that the company tends to be in good condition, this makes investors respond positively and increases the value of the company. This study aims to describe and measure how much influence the debt to asset ratio, debt to equity ratio and total assets turnover have on the return on assets of the cosmetics and household goods sub-sector companies for the 2016-2019 period. Sampling was done by using purposive sampling method. The data analysis technique used in this study is multiple linear regression using SPSS 25 software. The results of this study debt to asset ratio and debt to equity ratio have no significant effect on return on assets. While total assets turnover has a positive and significant effect on return on assets.
Hyperspectral Characteristics and Scale Effects of Leaf and Canopy of Summer Maize under Continuous Water Stresses
Authors: Li Meng , Chu Ronghao , Sha Xiuzhu , Ni Feng , Xie Pengfei , Shen Shuanghe , Islam Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul
Published: November 2021

The scale effect problem is one of the most challenging issues in remote sensing studies. However, the research on the methodology and theory of the scale effect is scarcely applied in practice. To this end, in this study, 3 years of field experimental data of continuous water stresses on summer maize were used for this purpose. Furthermore, the Prospect and Sail models were employed to investigate the scale effects of reflectance characteristics and vegetation indexes. The results indicated that the spectral characteristics of canopy and leaf of summer maize were similar under continuous water stresses at various stages. The reflectance at the canopy level was distinct from that at the leaf level, considering the soil background differences. From leaf to canopy scales, with the increase in the leaf area index (LAI), the spectral reflectance of all treatments in the visible band decreased, but increased in the near-infrared band, and the reflectance was saturated when LAI increased to 5. The reflectance difference caused by LAI variation was enlarged as the drought stress intensified in the short-wave infrared band. The spectral reflectance in the near-infrared band was susceptible to leaf inclination angle (LIA) variation and changed significantly, especially in the closed canopy. With the increase in LAI, the difference vegetation index (DVI) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values under each treatment showed a gradually increasing trend. With the increase in LIA, the DVI value decreased gradually, and the DVI value under the saturated canopy was significantly higher than that under the unclosed canopy. However, the NDVI values of all treatments did not change with LIA, mostly under the closed canopy. Overall, the results demonstrated that LAI had a more significant influence on canopy reflectance than LIA. In addition, NDVI was not able to capture the LAI and LIA information when the canopy was closed, but DVI performed better.
Irrigation with Wastewater and K Fertilization Ensure the Yield and Quality of Coloured Cotton in a Semiarid Climate
Authors: Lima Breno Leonan de Carvalho , Silva Ênio Farias de França e , Zonta João Henrique , Cordão Terceiro Neto Cícero Pereira , Lacerda Claudivan Feitosa de , Ferreira Jorge Freire da Silva , Cruz Flávio José Rodrigues
Published: November 2021

Treated domestic sewage (TDS) can contribute to plant nutrition and improve crop production. However, there are no data for its use in coloured cotton under a deficit or excess irrigation in combination with potassium fertilization rates (KRs), mainly under semiarid tropical conditions. The research was conducted using a randomized complete block design in a factorial scheme (5 × 5, irrigation regimes vs. potassium rates), plus an additional treatment as the control ((5 × 5) + 1). The treatments consisted of five TDS irrigation regimes (50, 75, 100, 125, and 150% of crop evapotranspiration—ETC) and five KRs (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200% of the local crop recommendation), plus a control—CT— (irrigated with fresh water at 100% ETC and fertilized according to the local crop recommendation) and four replications. The optimal crop yield, water use efficiency, and potassium use efficiency were obtained when TDS was applied as a deficit irrigation treatment of 75% of ETC or as full irrigation (100% of ETC) and when associated with moderate increases in K fertilization. These treatments also resulted in a better fibre quality when compared to the CT, meeting or exceeding the requirements of the textile industry. Therefore, moderate deficit irrigation with TDS is indicated as an important strategy to save fresh water and to reduce the use of fertilizers, while having the potential to increase profit margins for cotton production in tropical semiarid regions.
Drought Stress in Grain Legumes: Effects, Tolerance Mechanisms and Management
Authors: Khatun Marium , Sarkar Sumi , Era Farzana Mustafa , Islam A. K. M. Mominul , Anwar Md. Parvez , Fahad Shah , Datta Rahul , Islam A. K. M. Aminul
Published: November 2021

Grain legumes are important sources of proteins, essential micronutrients and vitamins and for human nutrition. Climate change, including drought, is a severe threat to grain legume production throughout the world. In this review, the morpho-physiological, physio-biochemical and molecular levels of drought stress in legumes are described. Moreover, different tolerance mechanisms, such as the morphological, physio-biochemical and molecular mechanisms of legumes, are also reviewed. Moreover, various management approaches for mitigating the drought stress effects in grain legumes are assessed. Reduced leaf area, shoot and root growth, chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, CO2 influx, nutrient uptake and translocation, and water-use efficiency (WUE) ultimately affect legume yields. The yield loss of grain legumes varies from species to species, even variety to variety within a species, depending upon the severity of drought stress and several other factors, such as phenology, soil textures and agro-climatic conditions. Closure of stomata leads to an increase in leaf temperature by reducing the transpiration rate, and, so, the legume plant faces another stress under drought stress. The biosynthesis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is the most detrimental effect of drought stress. Legumes can adapt to the drought stress by changing their morphology, physiology and molecular mechanism. Improved root system architecture (RSA), reduced number and size of leaves, stress-induced phytohormone, stomatal closure, antioxidant defense system, solute accumulation (e.g., proline) and altered gene expression play a crucial role in drought tolerance. Several agronomic, breeding both conventional and molecular, biotechnological approaches are used as management practices for developing a drought-tolerant legume without affecting crop yield. Exogenous application of plant-growth regulators (PGRs), osmoprotectants and inoculation by Rhizobacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi promotes drought tolerance in legumes. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs), genomic selection (GS), marker-assisted selection (MAS), OMICS-based technology and CRISPR/Cas9 make the breeding work easy and save time in the developmental cycle to get resistant legumes. Several drought-resistant grain legumes, such as the chickpea, faba bean, common bean and pigeon pea, were developed by different institutions. Drought-tolerant transgenic legumes, for example, chickpeas, are developed by introgressing desired genes through breeding and biotechnological approaches. Several quantitative trait loci (QTLs), candidate genes occupying drought-tolerant traits, are identified from a variety of grain legumes, but not all are under proper implementation. Hence, more research should be conducted to improve the drought-tolerant traits of grain legumes for avoiding losses during drought.
Influence of Haemolysis on the Mineral Profile of Cattle Serum
Authors: Larrán Belén , Miranda Marta , Herrero-Latorre Carlos , Rigueira Lucas , Pereira Víctor , Suárez María Luisa , López-Alonso Marta
Published: November 2021

Haemolysis of serum samples is the leading cause of preanalytical errors in clinical laboratories. Little is known about the potential alterations in the concentrations of mineral elements in haemolyzed serum and the phenomenon has not been specifically studied in bovine serum samples. We investigate how haemolysis affects the mineral content of bovine samples. We used ICP-MS to measure the concentrations of 12 mineral elements (Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, P, Se and Zn) in bovine whole blood, serum and gradually haemolyzed samples and observed significant differences between the different types of samples, particularly in the Fe and Zn concentrations. However, in practice, the high interindividual variability makes it difficult to establish whether a given value corresponds to normal or haemolyzed samples. In response to this problem, we propose to consider that a result is significantly biased when the haemolysis threshold (the degree of haemolysis above which the concentration of an element in serum is significantly altered) of a given element is surpassed. The haemolysis threshold values for the different elements considered were found as follows: 0.015 g Hb L−1 for Fe, 2 g for Zn, 4 g for Cr and 8 g for Ca, Se and Mo.
Fruit Size and Structure of Zoochorous Trees: Identifying Drivers for the Foraging Preferences of Fruit-Eating Birds in a Mexican Successional Dry Forest
Authors: Almazán-Núñez R. Carlos , Alvarez-Alvarez Edson A. , Sierra-Morales Pablo , Rodríguez-Godínez Rosalba
Published: November 2021

Tropical dry forests (TDFs) are affected by land-use changes. These modifications impact their composition and arboreal structure, as well as the availability of food for several bird groups. In this study, we evaluated the foraging preferences in zoochorous trees of fruit-eating birds during the dry season of the year in three successional stages (early, intermediate, and mature) of TDFs in southern Mexico. The fruits of these trees are important in the diet of several birds during the dry season, a period during which food resources are significantly reduced in TDFs. We estimated foliar cover (FC) and foliage height diversity (FHD) of zoochorous trees in 123 circular plots. These variables were recognized as proxies of food availability and tree productivity. Foraging preferences were evaluated at the community level, by frugivore type, and by bird species. We evaluated the effect of the structural variables and the fruit size of zoochorous plants on fruit removal by birds and related the bird body mass and fruit size removed in the successional gradient. A total of 14 zoochorous tree species and 23 fruit-eating bird species were recorded along the successional gradient. Intermediate and mature stages showed greater fruit removal. The birds removed mainly B. longipes fruits across the three successional stages. The FHD and fruit size were important drivers in the selection of zoochorous trees and fruit removal by fruit-eating birds. Fruit size and bird body mass were positively related along the successional gradient. The results suggest that fruit removal by fruit-eating birds in the successional gradient can promote the demographic dynamics of several zoochorous tree species, especially of Bursera spp. along the TDFs.