bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of Human Resources (HR) to Support Blue Economy in Riau Island Province
Authors: Ginanjar Afrian , Adriyadi Ade
Published: January 2025

Riau Island Province (Kepri) has great potential to support blue economy policies with its territory dominated by oceans (96%) and strategic position on the ASEAN border. Blue economy is an important approach to integrating maritime sectors such as fisheries, marine tourism, renewable energy, and marine technology sustainably. This article aims to analyze the challenges and opportunities in optimizing local human resources (HR) to support the implementation of blue economy policies in Kepri, in order to realize the vision of "Kepri Permata Biru 2045." This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with a phenomenological approach to understand the interaction between government, society, academics, the private sector, and media (Pentahelix Collaboration). Primary and secondary data were obtained through interviews, literature studies, and official documents such as RPJPD and RPJMD. This approach helps explore the dynamics of stakeholders in inclusive and sustainable blue economy governance. The results of the study show that although Kepri has great potential in maritime resources, the implementation of blue economy policies is faced with challenges such as limited inter-regional connectivity, low quality of human resources, and lack of maritime infrastructure. In addition, synergy between actors in collaborative governance is still weak. However, great opportunities can be utilized through investment in marine technology, human resource training, and strengthening the role of local communities.
Implementation of the Measured Fishing Policy-Penangkapan Ikan Terukur (PIT) in the Riau Islands Province
Authors: Novalino Dicky , Wulandari Niken
Published: January 2025

The implementation of the Measured Fishing Policy/Penangkapan Ikan Terukur (PIT) in the Riau Islands Province is a strategic step to manage fishery resources sustainably. The background of this study focuses on the challenges faced in the implementation of the PIT policy, including filling in logbooks by 10-30 GT fishing vessels, conflicts between traditional fishermen and industry players, and limited supporting infrastructure. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the PIT policy using the Van Meter and Van Horn theory, which refers to four main indicators: communication, resources, bureaucratic structure, and implementer disposition. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach, with secondary data collection and triangulation analysis to increase validity and reliability. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the PIT policy in the Riau Islands still faces obstacles in the form of uneven communication, lack of skilled human resources, and inadequate infrastructure. The complex bureaucratic structure also hinders the efficiency of policy implementation. However, government efforts, such as policy socialization through training and the establishment of the Fisheries Management Institution (LPP) in WPPNRI 711, have begun to show positive impacts. In conclusion, the successful implementation of the PIT policy requires a holistic approach that includes strengthening human resources, infrastructure investment, bureaucratic reform, and inclusive communication strategies. Thus, this policy is expected to contribute to the sustainability of marine ecosystems and the welfare of coastal communities in the Riau Islands Province
Pa'boya: The Adaptation of Coastal Communities in South Sulawesi to Maritime Migration Policies in Southeast Asia
Authors: Andraena Tita , Nugrah Imam Fadhil
Published: January 2025

Migration has long been a significant characteristic of human societies, shaping demographic patterns, socio-economic structures, and cultural landscapes across regions. In Southeast Asia, migration is driven by diverse factors such as labor demands, environmental challenges, and socio-political instability. This study focuses on the adaptation strategies of coastal communities in South Sulawesi, particularly the Pa’boya community, in response to maritime migration policies. These communities face dual challenges from regional migration policies and environmental changes, which impact their cultural identity, traditional livelihoods, and access to natural resources. The research adopts a qualitative methodology, analyzing secondary data from journal articles, books, and policy documents. The study explores the relationship between local adaptation mechanisms, such as the Pa’boya's cultural practices, and broader regional policy frameworks. It also highlights the gaps in existing migration policies that often fail to address the unique challenges faced by coastal communities. The results show that the Pa’boya community has developed sophisticated responses to migration policies through collective action, advocacy, and the preservation of cultural heritage. Despite policy restrictions that affect traditional fishing practices, the community demonstrates resilience by diversifying livelihoods and engaging in sustainable practices. However, the impact of modernization and environmental pressures poses risks to their cultural identity, and there is an urgent need for policies that integrate local perspectives into broader migration frameworks.
Trabajo cooperativo en enseñanza superior: una experiencia didáctica en la asignatura de Biología Celular, Universidad Santo Tomás, Antofagasta (Chile)
Authors: Lazcano Rojas Cinthia
Published: January 2025

Introducción: Esta experiencia educativa se centra en el trabajo cooperativo en el aula mediante la Técnica del Puzle de Aronson (TPA) o Jigsaw Puzzle. Metodología: El diseño metodológico de esta investigación es cualitativo, con enfoques  descriptivos e interpretativos. Su objetivo es analizar una experiencia de aprendizaje cooperativo para explorar  nuevas metodologías y observar cómo su aplicación a grupos pequeños dentro de un área curricular especifica produce consecuencias positivas en las relaciones entre estudiantes y docentes. Resultados: Se observó una recepción favorable hacia la TPA, con una participación más activa y un  trabajo más fluido en comparación con las clases expositivas. Además,se registraron mejoras en las relaciones grupales, habilidades sociales, integración del equipo y aumento del conocimiento. Discusión:  TPA facilita la colaboración para alcanzar objetivos comunes, confrontando diversos puntos de vista y mejorando las competencias sociales y académicas de los estudiantes. Conclusión: La TPA puede ser una herramienta efectiva para promover un ambiente de aprendizaje interactivo y cooperativo en el ámbito universitario, especialmente en carreras del área de la salud.
Educación geográfica para una interculturalidad en escuelas rurales del Sur de Chile
Authors: Llancavil Llancavil Daniel
Published: January 2025

Introducción: Los territorios rurales latinoamericanos presentan una gran diversidad cultural lo cual plantea un desafío para el profesorado en torno a cómo abordar esta multiculturalidad desde las prácticas educativas. La educación geográfica tiene mucho que aportar en este sentido. El objetivo de esta investigación fue explorar las representaciones docentes sobre educación geográfica intercultural en escuelas rurales del sur de Chile. Metodología: El diseño fue cualitativo, de alcance exploratorio de casos múltiples. Se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad a docentes de escuelas rurales y el tratamiento de los datos se ejecutó con el programa ATLAS.ti 24. Resultados: Los docentes otorgan importancia a la enseñanza de la geografía para atender la diversidad cultural de los espacios rurales. A pesar de comprender el concepto de interculturalidad y de desempeñarse en una escuela con un enfoque intercultural, concretar dicho propósito aún está pendiente. Discusión: Lo anterior presenta un desafío para los actuales y futuros docentes de geografía en tono a desarrollar la competencia intercultural e incorporarla en sus prácticas docentes. Conclusiones: La existencia de un currículo monocultural, la ausencia de un enfoque didáctico intercultural y la carencia de una formación inicial y continua pertinente, representan serios obstáculos para el desarrollo de una educación geográfica intercultural.
Adaptación de formatos televisivos a Twitch: el caso de “Un, dos, tres... responda otra vez”
Authors: López Martín Laura , Mora de la Torre Victoria
Published: January 2025

Introducción: La adaptación de programas de televisión tradicionales a plataformas de streaming como Twitch plantea desafíos y oportunidades significativas. Este estudio analiza la adaptación del programa español “Un, dos, tres... responda otra vez” a Twitch, evaluando las diferencias entre ambos medios y los retos en la creación de comunidades alrededor de un formato clásico. Metodología: Enfoque mixto, incluyendo una revisión de literatura sobre migración de contenidos e hibridación de medios, una entrevista en profundidad con Alejandro Ibáñez, director de la adaptación, y un análisis comparativo de las versiones original y adaptada del programa, enfocándose en la estructura, producción y contenido. Resultados: La adaptación mantuvo la mayoría de los elementos del formato clásico, pero se eliminaron algunos aspectos significativos y se añadieron nuevos bloques y patrocinadores, lo que aumentó la duración del programa. La interactividad, fundamental en Twitch, fue limitada, lo que afectó la conexión con la audiencia. Discusión: La convergencia mediática ha transformado el consumo de medios, con la Generación Z mostrando una clara preferencia por contenido interactivo y a demanda. La adaptación subestimó estos cambios de comportamiento, manteniendo una estructura rígida que no resonó con la audiencia de Twitch. Conclusiones: La adaptación de "Un, dos, tres... responda otra vez" a Twitch destaca la necesidad de modernizar los formatos tradicionales y colaborar estrechamente con los creadores de contenido de la plataforma. Futuras adaptaciones deben integrar plenamente elementos de interactividad y flexibilidad para atraer y mantener a la audiencia de plataformas digitales.
Análisis lexicológico y discursivo de algunos fragmentos literarios latinoamericanos
Authors: García Rodríguez Joseph
Published: January 2025

Introducción: El estudio del léxico en la literatura latinoamericana es esencial para comprender las complejidades socioculturales y políticas de esta zona. El vocabulario utilizado por los autores refleja la diversidad lingüística y ofrece una ventana a las realidades históricas, sociales y emocionales. Esta investigación persigue dos objetivos: analizar los elementos autóctonos en obras literarias y su relación con diversos discursos y examinar cómo cada autor utiliza el lenguaje para expresar su vínculo con la sociedad, explorando la conexión con la naturaleza, la renovación cultural y la identidad transnacional. Metodología: La metodología implica el análisis de fragmentos literarios para entender cómo el léxico y el discurso evocan realidades sociales. Resultados y discusión: Por ejemplo, en Luvina de Juan Rulfo, el vocabulario y el discurso retratan la desolación de San Juan de Luvina, con el fin de cuestionar las políticas socioeducativas del gobierno mexicano de los años cincuenta. El estudio también examina otros fragmentos que abordan discursos indigenistas, vanguardistas y de globalización. Autores como Arguedas, Churata y Roncalla exploran la identidad y la cultura desde diversas perspectivas lingüísticas para enriquecer el panorama literario. Conclusiones: En conclusión, el léxico y el discurso literario articulan referencias culturales, lo que determina el paisaje histórico y refleja la identidad de los autores.
АНАЛІЗ ВІКОВОЇ ДИНАМІКИ ПОКАЗНИКІВ СКЛАДУ ТІЛА ЮНИХ ГІМНАСТОК-ХУДОЖНИЦЬ РІЗНОЇ КВАЛІФІКАЦІЇ
Authors: Чернишенко Тамара , Драчук Андрій , Краснобаєва Тетяна
Published: January 2025

The article provides a general analysis of body composition indicators and determines their ratio in 6-9 year old gymnasts, and compares the obtained values, namely, body height, weight, body mass index, percentage of fat and skeletal muscle, energy expenditure at rest, and visceral fat level. The purpose of the research is to analyze body composition indicators in the age dynamics of 6-9-year-old artistic gymnasts of various sports qualifications. Material and methods of the study. The study involved 37 girls aged 6-9 who engaged of artistic gymnastics in the city of Vinnytsia and the city of Kozyatyn (Vinnytsia region). Research methods: analysis of scientific-methodical and special literature, method of assessing the component composition of the body of artistic gymnasts using the device OMRON, mathematical processing of empirical data. Results. It has been established that the average indicators of body composition monitoring of female gymnasts-artists gradually increase with age, namely, body length, body weight, body mass index, fat percentage. Other monitoring indicators - the percentage content of skeletal muscles, the level of visceral fat and energy expenditure at rest are determined by a decrease in indicators from the 8th to the 9th year. According to tabular data, it was found that the average indicators obtained from the body mass index in all four age groups of gymnasts have an "insufficient" level, and the percentage of fat in gymnasts aged 6 and 7 is "low". Conclusions. Achieving success in artistic gymnastics largely depends on the size, physique, and body composition of the gymnast. Therefore, a combination of external parameters and body composition will provide more accurate information about the gymnast's capabilities at a certain stage of sports training.
Lived gendered experiences of precarity and non-belonging in everyday space-places of academia
Authors: Morris Charlotte , Rowell Carli
Published: January 2025

This article explores gendered day-to-day lived experiences of (relatively) marginalised teaching-only academic staff on insecure contracts through the lens of space and place. It stems from a collaborative auto-ethnography focusing on the experience of two UK early-career academics on temporary contracts (at the time of this research) who occupy contrasting positionalities. Exploring gendered lived experiences of precariously employed teaching-only staff through joint walking interviews and auto-biographical reflections illuminated ways in which our sense of non-belonging was spatialised and reinforced in particular academic spaces. We share insights into multidimensional aspects of precarity, encompassing material, social, epistemic and affective experiential domains, with a particular emphasis on the pains and pleasures of learning and teaching. We consider some of the wider implications of precarity for learning, teaching and knowledge creation, and also signal possibilities and potentialities for creating moments and space-places for resistance and solidarity.
Empowering the Youth Community in Building a Literacy Village in Tegalsari, Kandeman, Batang
Authors: Mukhlis Abdul , Alghiffary Muhammad , Al-Bajilah Salman , Ulzima Stari Tamaro
Published: January 2025

Reading and literacy activities are often carried out by school institutions. In fact, reading and literacy are basic competencies that a person must have in order to survive in life. Meanwhile, reading learning and literacy activities in class do not yet have a sufficient portion to be able to provide comprehensive provisions to students. This community service activity is carried out to strengthen reading and literacy skills in the general public outside school institutions. Apart from that, this activity also aims to encourage the young generation in Tegalsari Village, Kandeman District, Batang Regency to have critical awareness in all their activities, especially in the field of education. Therefore, this service uses Participatory Action Research (PAR) as an approach method with the hope of creating social transformation carried out by the fostered partners or the youth community itself. Through PAR, this service produces three recommendations in the form of a flow of activities as the expected final achievements, namely planning, implementation and evaluation. Based on these results, the service team, youth community, community and village government discovered how important the existence of reading huts is in busy nodes or places of community activity. Through this literacy village pilot, the youth community and the people of Tegalsari Village gained a new perspective that the literacy village pilot became a symbol of progress and stability in the village community's thinking
Training in The Application Of Literative Discipline to Develop A Literative School Environment for Teachers In Semiurban, Urban and Rural Areas in Kupang City
Authors: Djama Karolus Budiman , Robot Marselus , Margareta Karus M , Ande Andereas , Madu Aleksius , Pekuwali Dian Sari A. , Rimo Imelda Hendriani Eku
Published: January 2025

Tujuan  Program Kemitraan Masyarakat (PKM) ini adalah melatih guru-guru di kota Kupang menerapkan disiplin literatif agar dapat menciptakan lingkungan sekolah yang literatif. Asumsi penting bahwa rendahnya tingkat literasi siswa dan sekolah yang belum menjadi lingkungan yang literatif bagi siswa. Salah satu satu cara agar menjadikan sekolah sebagai lingkungan yang literatif adalah penerapan disiplin positif yang literatif atau disiplin literatif bagi siswa yang melanggar peraturan. Disiplin literatif merupakan cara yang dilakukan untuk memberikan sanksi/hukuman positif yang literatif bagi siswa. Disiplin literatif ini, sejauh ini belum pernah dilakukan di sekolah-sekolah kita di Kota Kupang baik di wilayah semiurban, urban, maupun rural. Oleh karena itu, guru-guru yang berpartisipasi dalam pelatihan ini diharapkan dapat menjadi model penerapan disiplin literatif di sekolah masing-masing. Sasaran yang diharapkan melalui PKM adalah: (1) terlaksananya pelatihan pembuatan/perumusan disiplin literatif. (2) terlaksananya diskusi intens untuk memvalidasi model disiplin literatif. Kegiatan PKM ini diikuti oleh 21 guru SD di kota Kupang. Kegiatan PKM ini berjalan dengan baik selama 2 hari dan menghasilkan  15 bentuk disiplin literatif bagi siswa yang melanggar aturan di sekolah baik untuk kelas rendah maupun kelas tinggi. Hasil evaluasi juga menunjukan 85% peserta memahami materi yang diberikan oleh narasumber
COGNITIVE ONTOLOGY OF MAKSYM RYLSKIY’S TRANSLATION METHOD (based on the translations of ,,King Lear” and ,,Twelfth Night”)
Authors: ZASLONKINA Anna , TOMASCHUK Myroslav
Published: January 2025

The article dwells on the analysis of Maksym Rylskyi’s translation method from the perspective of cognitive translation studies and P. Newmark’s communicative translation approach. The study aims to model the translator’s cognitive activity process in the course of rendering ,,King Lear” and ,,Twelfth Night” by William Shakespeare into Ukrainian. The study topicality is motivated by the need to outline the main features of the translation method of the Ukrainian literary translation classic for the further research on the theoretical and practical grounds of the Ukrainian translation studies. However, to the authors’ best knowledge, very few publications are available in the literature that discuss Maksym Rylskiy’s translations from English. Most of the recent studies focus on Rylskiy’s translations from French and Slavic languages. The objective of the study is achieved through the methods of transformational analysis, cognitive modeling, and quantitative calculation. Thus, two levels of analysis contribute to the study: translation and cognitive. The translation analysis considers the transformations used by the translator at different language levels: formal lexical, lexical-semantic, lexical-grammatical, grammatical and stylistic. The cognitive analysis is based on the frame modeling method, which aims to determine the cognitive assonance and dissonance between the source and target texts. Study results indicate that Maksym Rylskyi’s translation method involves bringing the text to the recipient to the maximum possible extent. The transformational potential of the translator’s linguistic means is capable of effective reproduction of the author’s intentions at different cognitive levels, but does not always imply a successful reproduction of specific realias and comic fragments that are based on the consonance and puns.
WAYS OF TRANSLATING ENGLISH YOUTH SLANG BY MEANS OF TRANSLATION TRANSFORMATIONS (based on the materials of the American drama-comedy TV series "Ginny & Georgia")
Authors: LESINSKA Oksana , BALAN Tetiana
Published: January 2025

The article explores the methods and strategies involved in translating youth slang from English into Ukrainian, using the Netflix series “Ginny & Georgia” as a case study. The research underscores the dynamic and rapidly evolving nature of slang, which mirrors social shifts, cultural trends, and generational identities. While traditionally distinct from mainstream literary language, slang has increasingly been recognized as a vital element of informal communication, particularly in the film industry, where it enhances the authenticity of characters' dialogue.

One of the primary challenges in translating slang lies in preserving its cultural subtleties, humor, and tone while ensuring it resonates with the target audience. The study examines various translation approaches, including literal translation, lexical substitution, interlinear translation, literary adaptation, and contextual interpretation. Additionally, the article discusses several translation transformations, such as compression (the omission of redundant elements), decompression (the addition of explanatory details), differentiation (selecting from multiple dictionary-provided options for a single source-language term), transliteration, transcription, and calquing. These transformations aim to balance fidelity to the source text with naturalness and cultural relevance in the target language. Examples from “Ginny & Georgia” illustrate the practical application and effectiveness of these methods
Modeling and Simulating Agent-Based City Migration Using Conway’s Game of Life
Authors: Deng Bruce , Kejriwal Mayank
Published: January 2025

Agent-based modeling (ABM) has become a cornerstone of complexity science, enabling the study of heterogeneous agents interacting within dynamic environments. Among ABM frameworks, John Conway’s Game of Life (GoL) stands out for its simplicity and ability to generate emergent macroscopic patterns from basic microscopic rules. In this paper, we propose and implement a novel GoL-based framework to simulate urban migration dynamics. Using a grid-within-a-grid approach, our approach encodes probabilistic tendencies for out-migration due to densification and sparsification, simulating the evolution of population centers. By initializing GoL grids with different distributions and parameterizing migration preferences, we explore how urban structures emerge and stabilize over time. Through a series of experiments, we demonstrate that even with simple rules, this framework shows promise for understanding emergent urban phenomena, providing insights into city growth and structure. Methodologically, our framework offers a versatile and computationally efficient tool for studying urban migration patterns, contributing to the broader application of ABMs in computational urban social science.
LiLMaps: Learnable Implicit Language Maps
Authors: Kruzhkov Evgenii , Behnke Sven
Published: January 2025

One of the current trends in robotics is to employ large language models (LLMs) to provide non-predefined command execution and natural human-robot interaction. It is useful to have an environment map together with its language representation, which can be further utilized by LLMs. Such a comprehensive scene representation enables numerous ways of interaction with the map for autonomously operating robots. In this work, we present an approach that enhances incremental implicit mapping through the integration of vision-language features. Specifically, we (i) propose a decoder optimization technique for implicit language maps which can be used when new objects appear on the scene, and (ii) address the problem of inconsistent vision-language predictions between different viewing positions. Our experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of LiLMaps and solid improvements in performance.
Evaluation of Bfloat16, Posit, and Takum Arithmetics in Sparse Linear Solvers
Authors: Hunhold Laslo , Quinlan James
Published: January 2025

Solving sparse linear systems lies at the core of numerous computational applications. Consequently, understanding the performance of recently proposed alternatives to the established IEEE 754 floating-point numbers, such as bfloat16 and the tapered-precision posit and takum machine number formats, is of significant interest. This paper examines these formats in the context of widely used solvers, namely LU, QR, and GMRES, with incomplete LU preconditioning and mixed precision iterative refinement (MPIR). This contrasts with the prevailing emphasis on designing specialized algorithms tailored to new arithmetic formats.

This paper presents an extensive and unprecedented evaluation based on the SuiteSparse Matrix Collection—a dataset of real-world matrices with diverse sizes and condition numbers. A key contribution is the faithful reproduction of SuiteSparse’s UMFPACK multifrontal LU factorization and SPQR multifrontal QR factorization for machine number formats beyond single and double-precision IEEE 754. Tapered-precision posit and takum formats show better accuracy in direct solvers and reduced iteration counts in indirect solvers. Takum arithmetic, in particular, exhibits exceptional stability, even at low precision.
Towards End-to-End Neuromorphic Voxel-based 3D Object Reconstruction Without Physical Priors
Authors: Xu Chuanzhi , Chen Langyi , Qu Vincent , Chen Haodong , Chung Vera
Published: January 2025

Neuromorphic cameras, also known as event cameras, are asynchronous brightness-change sensors that can capture extremely fast motion without suffering from motion blur, making them particularly promising for 3D reconstruction in extreme environments. However, existing research on 3D reconstruction using monocular neuromorphic cameras is limited, and most of the methods rely on estimating physical priors and employ complex multi-step pipelines. In this work, we propose an end-to-end method for dense voxel 3D reconstruction using neuromorphic cameras that eliminates the need to estimate physical priors. Our method incorporates a novel event representation to enhance edge features, enabling the proposed feature-enhancement model to learn more effectively. Additionally, we introduced _Optimal Binarization Threshold Selection Principle_ as a guideline for future related work, using the optimal reconstruction results achieved with threshold optimization as the benchmark. Our method achieves a 54.6% improvement in reconstruction accuracy compared to the baseline method.
SARGAZO COMO BIOCOMBUSTI BLE: BIODIESEL, UNA A LTERNATIVA SOSTENIBLE PARA UNA SOCIED AD EN CR ISIS
Authors: Acosta Morales Kevin Brandon
Published: January 2025

El sargazo es un alga marina altamente invasiva en las costas del caribe mexicano,la constante acumulación de esta materia prima ha causado problemasde alto impacto a zonas dependientes del turismo. En este artículo se presentauna revisión bibliográfica sobre los procesos necesarios para utilizar elsargazo como una fuente de combustible aprovechable y viable. Actualmente,los investigadores están explorando las vastas aplicaciones del sargazo,entre ellas destaca el utilizarlo como materia prima para elaborar biodiéselde alta calidad, mediante técnicas de trans-esterificación. Los resultadosde esas pruebas han resultado alentadores para su producción en masa.Gracias a este nuevo proceso de producción se puede obtener un diésel dealta calidad comparable con el comercializado actualmente por las distintaspetroleras comerciales, y la ventaja más destacable es que se produceuna menor cantidad de gases de efecto invernadero y gases atmosféricoscontaminantes que en comparación al proceso industrial convencional. Estainiciativa ofrece una solución innovadora y sostenible para la elaboración deun biocombustible funcional y eficiente, logrando así reducir drásticamentela proliferación de esta alga se da en las costas del sureste de México. Sin embargo,dada la complejidad del proceso, se requiere un mayor desarrollo tecnológico.y estudios financieros a gran escala para analizar el panorama delproducto con el fin de asegurar su viabilidad económica. El uso del sargazocomo materia prima podría ser un paso importante hacia una matriz energéticasostenible para las regiones afectadas, logrando que biocombustible seauna de las aplicaciones que puede tener el sargazo.
Laser Strengthening of Automobile Transport Parts in the Agro-industrial Complex
Authors:   Uman National University of Horticulture, Kovalchuk Yuriy , Lisoviy Ivan ,   Uman National University of Horticulture
Published: January 2025

The purpose of the work is to determine the effect of laser processing on the microhardness of the zones of ductile cast iron KCh60-3 when it is strengthened by a defocused laser beam and a beam with transverse oscillations. It is also necessary to establish the dependence of friction coefficients on the sliding speed of friction pairs 40H-SCh20 and to determine for these friction pairs the dependence of the intensity of wear on the density of the laser energy flow during the processing of the studied samples.
Laser hardening of ductile cast iron KCh60-3 with a defocused beam at a scanning speed of less than
7 mm/s led to shell-type defects and inflows on the surface of the samples. Transverse oscillations of the beam made it possible to exclude similar defects and vary the depth of the solidification zones from the liquid state in the range of 10–800 μm. The maximum depth and width of the hardening zones of cast iron KCh60-3 were
1.8 mm and 11.7 mm respectively. The maximum microhardness values of 12100 MPa were obtained in the remelting zone during processing with transverse beam oscillations. The microstructure of the melting zone is an austenitic-martensitic mixture. A decrease in friction coefficients was observed for all samples up to a sliding speed of 1.5 m/s. The maximum friction coefficients of 0.13–0.145 were obtained for the base material SCh20 with a hardness of 180–210 НВ. The minimum values of friction coefficients of 0.07-0.09 were obtained on samples processed at a laser flux energy density of 46 J/mm2.
The obtained results showed that during laser processing of cast iron the microhardness of the hardened layers significantly increases compared to the base material. The developed technology of laser hardening with the use of transverse oscillations of the beam has a higher productivity than when hardening with a defocused beam. Laser hardening of gray cast iron SCh20 and malleable cast iron KCh60-3 using transverse oscillations of the laser beam made it possible to increase processing productivity by 1.5–2.0 times. When using I-20 industrial oil, the increase in energy density during laser hardening of SCh20 cast iron leads to an increase in its wear resistance by 2.5–3.5 times and reduces frictional losses in a pair with 40H steel by 30–60%.
Methodology of Numerical Modeling of the Stress-Strain staTe of an Elastic Stand with a Stiffness Regulator
Authors:   State Biotechnology University, Kozachenko Oleksiy , Volkovsky Oleksandr ,   State Biotechnology University, Dyakonov Sergey ,   State Biotechnology University
Published: January 2025

The physical and mathematical apparatus is presented, which evaluates the peak response of the system (an elastic stand with a disc working body) in a steady state to harmonic loads. It is developed for numerical modeling of the stress-strain state of the elastic stand of a disc harrow with a stiffness regulator in the SOLIDWORKS Simulation software package. To assess the interaction process of spherical discs on the elastic stand with the soil medium, a harmonic analysis of the peak response of the system in a steady state to harmonic loads was performed. At each step of the solution, all applied loads and base excitations have the same frequency, and their magnitudes are determined by the respective frequency curves, resulting in a visualization of the change in stress distribution of the elastic stand over time. By analyzing this distribution, the dynamics of the change in maximum stress were determined, which are found at the bending of the elastic stand (R2), and additionally, the bending stress on the stiffness regulator (R1). The stress changes according to a damped oscillation law with a defined natural frequency. The obtained results of the stress-strain state study of the elastic stand with the stiffness regulator allow the conclusion that, by having a certain number of elastic stands or modeling their design using modular elements with different geometric characteristics and stiffness, it is possible to construct their amplitude-frequency characteristics and, based on these, determine the planned operating range for specified technological modes. The analysis of the obtained results showed that for each direction, a maximum amplitude value is observed: for the Ox direction, the first mode corresponds with a frequency of 4.6953 Hz, for the Oy direction, the second mode corresponds (6.645 Hz), and for the Oz direction, the third mode corresponds (62.592 Hz). The theoretical analysis of the oscillation of the elastic stand of the disc tillage implement allowed selecting the following evaluation criteria: the value of the maximum absolute deformation of the stand at the disc attachment point ΔL1 and the tool frame part ΔL2; the values of the maximum stresses at the bends of the stand and the stiffness regulator σR2, σR1; the natural frequencies of the stand's oscillations in three directions ωx, ωy, ωz. It was established that based on this methodological approach, even at the design stage of disc working bodies of tillage implements on elastic stands, it is possible to conclude the feasibility of performing specific technological tasks for surface soil cultivation. By changing the design characteristics of the tool's elastic stands and conducting repeated studies, it is possible to obtain the corresponding dependencies in the form of regression equations.
Algorithm of Digital Identification of Grain Materials
Authors:   Institute of Mechanics and Automation of Agricultural Production, Stepanenko Serhii , Dnes Viktor ,   Institute of Mechanics and Automation of Agricultural Production, Borys Andriy ,   Institute of Mechanics and Automation of Agricultural Production, Kuzmych Alvian ,   Institute of Mechanics and Automation of Agricultural Production, Volyk Daryna ,   Institute of Mechanics and Automation of Agricultural Production
Published: January 2025

The article examines the application of machine vision technologies to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of grain material identification during post-harvest processing. It has been determined that traditional grain quality control methods, including visual, microbiological, and chemical tests, have significant limitations in identifying impurities, especially those similar in physical and visual characteristics. In response to these challenges, a digital grain identification algorithm based on machine vision and machine learning methods is proposed.
The algorithm allows for rapid and accurate analysis of grain material images, enabling automatic recognition, classification, and quality assessment. Additionally, the algorithm shows potential for scalability and integration into modern agro-industrial processes, helping to minimize grain loss and improve preservation during transportation and storage. This positions machine vision technologies as a promising tool for ensuring food security in Ukraine. The article summarizes global experience in digital object identification in images and highlights possible methods for identifying grain materials, facilitating the development of the algorithm. A preliminary version of the digital identification algorithm for grain materials has been developed, incorporating relevant methods that enable recognition, classification, and evaluation of grain material indicators.
Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have been found to be the main type of neural networks for working with images, which are specialized for processing data with mesh topology. They have become very popular in computer vision tasks, including object recognition, image segmentation, and classification, due to their ability to automatically train and extract features without the need to explicitly define them manually.
Deep neural networks are now the dominant classification approach because they automatically extract complex features and have high accuracy. The choice of a specific method depends on the availability of data, resources and requirements for classification accuracy.
After classification, it is necessary to determine their specific parameters for objects classified as grains - the fourth stage of the algorithm. These parameters mean the shape of the grain and its geometric dimensions (width and length). The shape of the grain contour reflects the actual shape of the grain.
Intensification of the Grain sEparation Process on a Flat Oscillating Sieve with a Zigzag Arrangement of Holes
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Bazhan Ihor , Vasylkovskyi Oleksii ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Leshchenko Serhii ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Amosov Volodymyr ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University
Published: January 2025

Increasing the quantitative and qualitative performance of agricultural machinery is a pressing task for scientists conducting research in the field of agricultural engineering. This article is devoted to the analysis of methods and means of intensification of intralayer processes occurring in grain material during sieve separation in order to increase the efficiency of grain cleaning by size on flat-screen vibrating machines.
A review of technical solutions that ensure increased efficiency of sieve cleaning of grain materials on flat-screen vibrating separators was conducted. Analysis of technical solutions allowed to identify the physical bases of the appearance of the effect of increasing the indicators of technological efficiency of sieve processing of grain. It was established that an increase in separation efficiency can be achieved only by intensifying the processes of mutual movement (segregation) of particles inside the layer of material in the vertical and horizontal planes. It was assumed that the most effective is the activation of intralayer processes in the processed material, which is provided in two ways – by establishing the optimal kinematic mode of oscillations and the structural parameters of the sieve itself. A new, patented technical solution is presented – a sieve with a zigzag arrangement of holes and the main tasks and elements of the methodology of previous studies are formed.
Conclusions. Increasing the efficiency of the flat-screen vibrating working bodies can be achieved only by intensifying the intralayer processes in the processed material. Activating the intralayer processes is achieved in two main ways – by establishing optimal modes and by using structural activators, and their directions of action mostly do not coincide. The use of the regime activation method intensifies the processes mostly in the vertical plane, contributing to the segregation of particles, while the use of structural elements allows improving the conditions in the horizontal plane (in the plane of the sieve). At the same time, the use of additional devices complicates the design. The most organic way to intensify intralayer processes in the processed material is to use flat sieves with a zigzag arrangement of oblong holes, which activate their interaction with particles of the grain mixture in the longitudinal and transverse directions and to match the structural parameters of the sieve with the operating parameters of the oscillations.
Mathematical Modeling of the Material Drying Process in a Drum Dryer as an Object of Automatic Control
Authors:   Institute of Higher Education "Podilsky State University", Kotov Borys , Mironenko Valentyn ,   Institute of Mechanics and Automation of Agricultural Production, Stepanenko Serhii ,   Institute of Mechanics and Automation of Agricultural Production, Gryshchenko Volodymyr ,   National University of Life Resources and Environmental Management of Ukraine, Pantsyr Yurii ,   Institute of Higher Education "Podilsky State University", Gerasimchuk Ihor ,   Institute of Higher Education "Podilsky State University"
Published: January 2025

The aim of this research is to develop a mathematical description of the material drying process in drum dryers, create simplified models for analyzing the dynamics of this process, and formulate a conceptual model for automatic control of drying equipment to improve its efficiency.
The study proposes a mathematical description of the drying process in the form of a system of nonlinear partial differential equations, modeling the unsteady temperature-moisture regime of the material. Simplified models were developed for dynamic process analysis, implemented in MathCad and Matlab Simulink environments, taking into account the parameter distribution along the drum's length. These models describe the interrelation of key process parameters, such as Θ(y,τ) and u(y,τ).which characterize cross-link effects. Additionally, a conceptual model for automatic control was developed, based on methods for compensating for parameter interdependencies.
The developed mathematical description of the drying process in drum dryers allows for an accurate assessment of the temperature-humidity regime of the material, which is important for optimizing the drying technology. The use of simplified models in the MathCad and Matlab Simulink software environments makes it possible to implement numerical simulation of the process dynamics, which includes the distribution of parameters along the length of the drum. This allows determining the optimal operating conditions of the dryer to ensure high quality of the processed material and reduce energy costs. The proposed automatic control concept, which is based on cross-coupling compensation methods, provides increased efficiency of the drying process regulation, stability of the dryer operation and a significant reduction in energy costs. The implementation of this concept will significantly improve the quality of material processing and increase the energy efficiency of drying processes, while reducing operating costs.
Prospects of Modern Methods of Butt Welding for the Manufacture of Blanks and Repair of Crankshafts
Authors:   Pervomaisky Educational and Research Institute of Admiral Makarov National University of Shipbuilding, Oshovskyі Viktor , Kapura Igor ,   Pervomaisky Educational and Research Institute of Admiral Makarov National University of Shipbuilding, Shostak Oleksandr ,   Pervomaisky Educational and Research Institute of Admiral Makarov National University of Shipbuilding
Published: January 2025

The purpose of the study is to analyze modern productive automated methods of electrostatic welding that are promising for technologies for manufacturing blanks or repairing steel crankshafts from prefabricated parts to replace stamping, forging, and other unproductive methods, as well as to increase material utilization, quality, reliability, and the possibility of implementing these methods at engine-building enterprises.
It is noted that the existing stamping methods cause shape deviations when the crankshafts are twisted. And when forging large shafts, due to the need to simplify the workpiece, adjacent jowls and connecting rods are combined with large overlaps, which contribute to a very low material utilization rate, a decrease in reliability due to fiber cutting when they are cut. In addition, there are shape errors in the heat treatment process of crankshafts - bending of the workpiece, which is a very time-consuming and costly operation, “turning the crank arm over” during the settling process, which is determined as the main defect in the shaft shape. The manufacture of large shafts requires specialized enterprises with unique pressing equipment and highly qualified workers. It is proposed to manufacture crankshafts from prefabricated journals with half journals, or journals and journals by modern methods of electrostatic welding, automated by computer control - small shafts with pulsating melting; and large shafts with melting by a controlled arc rotating in an Archimedean spiral under the action of a radial magnetic field of solenoids. To increase efficiency, it is proposed to further enhance the magnetic induction of the field with neodymium magnets.
The proposed methods of manufacturing and repairing crankshafts will increase the material utilization rate to the maximum, reduce shaft shape errors by eliminating heat treatment after manufacturing or repair, obtain high quality and reliability of shafts, and automate the manufacturing process.
Socio-demographic consequences of environmental problems of the Western region of Ukraine
Authors: Paranjak R. P. , Sukhorska O. P. , Oseredchuk R. S. , Lytvyn N. A.
Published: January 2025

This work has carried out a comprehensive study of the impact of environmental factors on demographic processes in the western regions of Ukraine. Attention is focused on the study of both common and specific environmental problems of Lviv, Zakarpattia, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ternopil and Chernivtsi regions, which have a significant impact on the health and structure of the population of these regions. Particular attention is paid to Lviv region, as the largest in terms of population and industrial potential, for a detailed analysis of the age structure, dynamics of the number of active age groups and the reproductive population. The relationship between changes in demographic indicators and the level of environmental pollution has been studied. A correlation analysis has been conducted between the level of mortality from diseases and the amount of emissions of pollutants into the air. A significant correlation was found between mortality from respiratory diseases and the concentration of solid suspended particles in the air (ρ = 0.874), nitrogen oxide emissions (ρ = 0.855) and non-methane volatile organic compounds; the statistical relationship of these emissions with diseases of the circulatory system as causes of mortality was also studied. These indicators indicate a significant impact of anthropogenic pollution on the health of the population and the demogra­phic situation in the region. In addition to analyzing the current state, the article proposes promising ways to improve the environmental situation in the western regions of Ukraine. In particular, the emphasis is on the introduction of environmentally friendly technologies, reducing emissions of harmful substances and increasing environmental awareness of the population. It is determined that the integrated use of environmental mechanisms can contribute to stabilizing the demographic situation, reducing mortality and improving the quality of life of the population of the region. The results obtained are important for developing strategies for sustainable regional development aimed at improving environmental safety, health protection, and demographic stability.