bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECT OF TRANSIENT LOADING ON A FOOT-ORTHOTIC USING TEMPORAL PARAMETERS OF GAIT
Authors: JENA SHREESHAN , SUDRO PROTIMA NOMO , REDDY PRANAY VALLURU , THIRUGNANAM A. , PANDA SUBRATA KUMAR
Published: December 2017

This study describes a method for performing transient finite element analysis (FEA) of an assistive device using experimental parameters obtained from gait analysis. A subject displaying pathologic gait, owing to lower limb deformity, was chosen for gait study. Using CAD tools, a remedial orthotic device was designed, which is expected to improve the gait of the subject. The orthotic model was subjected to static and transient loading conditions obtained from gait study, using an FEA tool. The stress ‘hot’ zones between the two modes of analysis are studied. In addition, the experimental gait data of a healthy control group were recorded to perform univariate regression studies for predicting the peak values of the normal forces, and validated by comparing with those available in the literature. The values thus obtained may be used for static behavioral analysis of assistive devices. From the FEA results, it can be conclusively said that the orthotic model is capable of sustaining gait cycle loading. The regression studies suggest the possibility of using anthropometric data to predict gait forces and subsequently perform static and transient loading analysis of assistive devices.
Pricing barrier options with discrete dividends
Authors: Jason Gibson D. , Wingo Aaron
Published: December 2017

The presence of discrete dividends complicates the derivation and form of pricing formulas even for vanilla options. Existing analytic, numerical, and theoretical approximations provide results of varying quality and performance. Here, we compare the analytic approach, developed and effective for European puts and calls, of Buryak and Guo with the formulas, designed in the context of barrier option pricing, of Dai and Chiu.
Characterization of Aquifer Multiscale Properties by Generating Random Fractal Field with Truncated Power Variogram Model Using Karhunen–Loève Expansion
Authors: Xue Liang , Li Diao , Dai Cheng , Nan Tongchao
Published: December 2017

The traditional geostatistics to describe the spatial variation of hydrogeological properties is based on the assumption of stationarity or statistical homogeneity. However, growing evidences show and it has been widely recognized that the spatial distribution of many hydrogeological properties can be characterized as random fractals with multiscale feature, and spatial variation can be described by power variogram model. It is difficult to generate a multiscale random fractal field by directly using nonstationary power variogram model due to the lack of explicit covariance function. Here we adopt the stationary truncated power variogram model to avoid this difficulty and generate the multiscale random fractal field using Karhunen–Loève (KL) expansion. The results show that either the unconditional or conditional (on measurements) multiscale random fractal field can be generated by using truncated power variogram model and KL expansion when the upper limit of the integral scale is sufficiently large, and the main structure of the spatial variation can be described by using only the first few dominant KL expansion terms associated with large eigenvalues. The latter provides a foundation to perform dimensionality reduction and saves computational effort when analyzing the stochastic flow and transport problems.
Extracting Cross-Sectional Clinical Images Based on Their Principal Axes of Inertia
Authors: Fan Yuzhou , Luo Liangping , Djuric Marija , Li Zhiyu , Antonijevic Djordje , Milenkovic Petar , Sun Yueyang , Li Ruining , Fan Yifang
Published: December 2017

Cross-sectional imaging is considered the gold standard in diagnosing a range of diseases. However, despite its widespread use in clinical practice and research, no widely accepted method is available to reliably match cross-sectional planes in several consecutive scans. This deficiency can impede comparison between cross-sectional images and ultimately lead to misdiagnosis. Here, we propose and demonstrate a method for finding the same imaging plane in images obtained during separate scanning sessions. Our method is based on the reconstruction of a “virtual organ” from which arbitrary cross-sectional images can be extracted, independent of the axis orientation in the original scan or cut; the key is to establish unique body coordinates of the organ from its principal axes of inertia. To verify our method a series of tests were performed, and the same cross-sectional plane was successfully extracted. This new approach offers clinicians access, after just a single scanning session, to the morphology and structure of a lesion through cross-sectional images reconstructed along arbitrary axes. It also aids comparable detection of morphological and structural changes in the same imaging plane from scans of the same patient taken at different times—thus potentially reducing the misdiagnosis rate when cross-sectional images are interpreted.
Experimental Study on the Behavior of X-Section Pile Subjected to Cyclic Axial Load in Sand
Authors: Lu Yiwei , Liu Hanlong , Zheng Changjie , Ding Xuanming
Published: December 2017

X-section cast-in-place concrete pile is a new type of foundation reinforcement technique featured by the X-shaped cross-section. Compared with a traditional circular pile, an X-section pile with the same cross-sectional area has larger side resistance due to its larger cross-sectional perimeter. The behavior of static loaded X-section pile has been extensively reported, while little attention has been paid to the dynamic characteristics of X-section pile. This paper introduced a large-scale model test for an X-section pile and a circular pile with the same cross-sectional area subjected to cyclic axial load in sand. The experimental results demonstrated that cyclic axial load contributed to the degradation of shaft friction and pile head stiffness. The dynamic responses of X-section pile were determined by loading frequency and loading amplitude. Furthermore, comparative analysis between the X-section pile and the circular pile revealed that the X-section pile can improve the shaft friction and reduce the cumulative settlement under cyclic loading. Static load test was carried out prior to the vibration tests to investigate the ultimate bearing capacity of test piles. This study was expected to provide a reasonable reference for further studies on the dynamic responses of X-section piles in practical engineering.
The Role of Microglia and Macrophages in CNS Homeostasis, Autoimmunity, and Cancer
Authors: Yin Jie , Valin Katherine L. , Dixon Michael L. , Leavenworth Jianmei W.
Published: December 2017

Macrophages are major cell types of the immune system, and they comprise both tissue-resident populations and circulating monocyte-derived subsets. Here, we discuss microglia, the resident macrophage within the central nervous system (CNS), and CNS-infiltrating macrophages. Under steady state, microglia play important roles in the regulation of CNS homeostasis through the removal of damaged or unnecessary neurons and synapses. In the face of inflammatory or pathological insults, microglia and CNS-infiltrating macrophages not only constitute the first line of defense against pathogens by regulating components of innate immunity, but they also regulate the adaptive arms of immune responses. Dysregulation of these responses contributes to many CNS disorders. In this overview, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the highly diverse and complex function of microglia and macrophages during CNS autoimmunity—multiple sclerosis and cancer—malignant glioma. We emphasize how the crosstalk between natural killer (NK) cells or glioma cells or glioma stem cells and CNS macrophages impacts on the pathological processes. Given the essential role of CNS microglia and macrophages in the regulation of all types of CNS disorders, agents targeting these subsets are currently applied in preclinical and clinical trials. We believe that a better understanding of the biology of these macrophage subsets offers new exciting paths for therapeutic intervention.
Cryptogenic Cirrhosis and Hepatopulmonary Syndrome in a Boy with Hepatic Hemangioma in Botswana: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Banda Francis Msume , Slone Jeremy S. , Anderson Alan , Beretta Marisa , Walabh Priya , Loveland Jerome , Nayler Simon , Takawira Farirai Fani
Published: December 2017

Hepatic hemangiomas are considered to be the most common benign tumors of the liver. They are often found incidentally while investigating for other causes of liver disease. Hemangiomas that are less than 10 cm are not expected to cause any problems. Typically, they do not enlarge and, apart from regular follow-up, no definitive treatment is indicated. This is a posthumous case report of a male child with a medium-sized hemangioma from infancy, complicated by cryptogenic cirrhosis and hepatopulmonary syndrome. It demonstrates the challenges of managing a child with such complicated conditions in a resource-limited setting.
Extraction of Saturation Current and Ideality Factor from Measuring Voc and Isc of Photovoltaic Modules
Authors: Meyer E. L.
Published: December 2017

Saturation current (I0) and ideality factor (n) of a p-n junction solar cell are an indication of the quality of the cell. These two parameters are usually estimated from dark current-voltage measurements. In this study, a quick and easy method to determine these two parameters by measuring open-circuit, Voc, and short-circuit current, Isc, is presented. Solar cell designers can use this method as a grading or diagnostic tool to evaluate degradation in photovoltaic (PV) modules. In order to verify the Voc-Isc method, a series of experiments have been conducted on a single cell and a 36-cell module. Good agreement between our Voc-Isc method and dark I-V measurements was obtained. An application of the method on the performance degradation of a single-junction a-Si:H module revealed that the module’s I0 increased by more than three orders of magnitude and n increased by 65% after an outdoor exposure of 130 kWh/m2. This increase in n indicates that after exposure, the recombination current in the cells’ space charge region increased due to the light-induced formation of metastable defects. The method is also used to assess the quality of five PV module technologies and proved to be reliable despite defective cells in a module.
Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Imaging Reconstruction Based on Nonconvex Low‐Rank Model
Authors: Chen Lixia , Yang Bin , Wang Xuewen
Published: December 2017

The quality of dynamic magnetic resonance imaging reconstruction has heavy impact on clinical diagnosis. In this paper, we propose a new reconstructive algorithm based on the L + S model. In the algorithm, the l1 norm is substituted by the lp norm to approximate the l0 norm; thus the accuracy of the solution is improved. We apply an alternate iteration method to solve the resulting problem of the proposed method. Experiments on nine data sets show that the proposed algorithm can effectively reconstruct dynamic magnetic resonance images.
Additive Manufacturing Techniques for the Reconstruction of 3D Fetal Faces
Authors: Speranza Domenico , Citro Daniela , Padula Francesco , Motyl Barbara , Marcolin Federica , Calì Michele , Martorelli Massimo
Published: December 2017

This paper deals with additive manufacturing techniques for the creation of 3D fetal face models starting from routine 3D ultrasound data. In particular, two distinct themes are addressed. First, a method for processing and building 3D models based on the use of medical image processing techniques is proposed. Second, the preliminary results of a questionnaire distributed to future parents consider the use of these reconstructions both from an emotional and an affective point of view. In particular, the study focuses on the enhancement of the perception of maternity or paternity and the improvement in the relationship between parents and physicians in case of fetal malformations, in particular facial or cleft lip diseases.
Amplification of Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus Widespread Tumor Cell Killing by Sunitinib through Multiple Mechanisms
Authors: Kim Minah , Nitschké Maximilian , Sennino Barbara , Murer Patrizia , Schriver Brian J. , Bell Alexander , Subramanian Aishwarya , McDonald Corry E. , Wang Jiahu , Cha Howard , Bourgeois-Daigneault Marie-Claude , Kirn David H. , Bell John C. , De Silva Naomi , Breitbach Caroline J. , McDonald Donald M.
Published: December 2017

Oncolytic viruses pose many questions in their use in cancer therapy. In this study, we assessed the potential of mpJX-594 (mouse-prototype JX-594), a replication-competent vaccinia virus administered by intravenous injection, to target the tumor vasculature, produce immune activation and tumor cell killing more widespread than the infection, and suppress invasion and metastasis. These actions were examined in RIP-Tag2 transgenic mice with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors that developed spontaneously and progressed as in humans. mpJX-594 initially infected tumor vascular endothelial cells, leading to vascular pruning and prolonged leakage in tumors but not in normal organs; parallel effects were observed in U87 gliomas. Viral infection spread to tumor cells, where tumor cell killing was much more widespread than the infection. Widespread tumor cell killing at 5 days was prevented by depletion of CD8+ T lymphocytes and did not require GM-CSF, as mpJX-594 variants that expressed human, mouse, or no GM-CSF produced equivalent amounts of killing. The antivascular, antitumor, and antimetastatic effects of mpJX-594 were amplified by concurrent or sequential administration of sunitinib, a multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor. These effects were not mimicked by selective inhibition of VEGFR2 despite equivalent vascular pruning, but were accompanied by suppression of regulatory T cells and greater influx of activated CD8+ T cells. Together, our results showed that mpJX-594 targets tumor blood vessels, spreads secondarily to tumor cells, and produces widespread CD8+ T-cell–dependent tumor cell killing in primary tumors and metastases, and that these effects can be amplified by coadministration of sunitinib.

Significance: These findings reveal multiple unrecognized features of the antitumor properties of oncolytic vaccinia viruses, all of which can be amplified by the multitargeted kinase inhibitor sunitinib. Cancer Res; 78(4); 922–37. ©2017 AACR.
Inhibition of Translesion DNA Synthesis as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy to Treat Brain Cancer
Authors: Choi Jung-Suk , Kim Casey Seol , Berdis Anthony
Published: December 2017

Temozolomide is a DNA-alkylating agent used to treat brain tumors, but resistance to this drug is common. In this study, we provide evidence that efficacious responses to this drug can be heightened significantly by coadministration of an artificial nucleoside (5-nitroindolyl-2′-deoxyriboside, 5-NIdR) that efficiently and selectively inhibits the replication of DNA lesions generated by temozolomide. Conversion of this compound to the corresponding nucleoside triphosphate, 5-nitroindolyl-2′-deoxyriboside triphosphate, in vivo creates a potent inhibitor of several human DNA polymerases that can replicate damaged DNA. Accordingly, 5-NIdR synergized with temozolomide to increase apoptosis of tumor cells. In a murine xenograft model of glioblastoma, whereas temozolomide only delayed tumor growth, its coadministration with 5-NIdR caused complete tumor regression. Exploratory toxicology investigations showed that high doses of 5-NIdR did not produce the side effects commonly seen with conventional nucleoside analogs. Collectively, our results offer a preclinical pharmacologic proof of concept for the coordinate inhibition of translesion DNA synthesis as a strategy to improve chemotherapeutic responses in aggressive brain tumors.

Significance: Combinatorial treatment of glioblastoma with temozolomide and a novel artificial nucleoside that inhibits replication of damaged DNA can safely enhance therapeutic responses. Cancer Res; 78(4); 1083–96. ©2017 AACR.
Optical Analysis of Glioma: Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Reveals the IDH1 Mutation Status
Authors: Uckermann Ortrud , Juratli Tareq A. , Galli Roberta , Conde Marina , Wiedemuth Ralf , Krex Dietmar , Geiger Kathrin , Temme Achim , Schackert Gabriele , Koch Edmund , Steiner Gerald , Kirsch Matthias
Published: December 2017

Purpose: Somatic mutations in the human cytosolic isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) gene cause profound changes in cell metabolism and are a common feature of gliomas with unprecedented predictive and prognostic impact. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy addresses the molecular composition of cells and tissue and was investigated to deduct the IDH1 mutation status.

Experimental Design: We tested the technique on human cell lines that were transduced with wild-type IDH1 or mutated IDH1 and on 34 human glioma samples. IR spectra were acquired at 256 positions from cell pellets or tissue cryosections. Moreover, IR spectra were obtained from fresh, unprocessed biopsies of 64 patients with glioma.

Results: IDH1 mutation was linked to changes in spectral bands assigned to molecular groups of lipids and proteins in cell lines and human glioma. The spectra of cryosections of brain tumor samples showed high interpatient variability, for example, bands related to calcifications at 1113 cm−1. However, supervised classification recognized relevant spectral regions at 1103, 1362, 1441, 1485, and 1553 cm−1 and assigned 88% of the tumor samples to the correct group. Similar spectral positions allowed the classification of spectra of fresh biopsies with an accuracy of 86%.

Conclusions: Here, we show that vibrational spectroscopy reveals the IDH1 genotype of glioma. Because it can provide information in seconds, an implementation into the intraoperative workflow might allow simple and rapid online diagnosis of the IDH1 genotype. The intraoperative confirmation of IDH1 mutation status might guide the decision to pursue definitive neurosurgical resection and guide future in situ therapies of infiltrative gliomas. Clin Cancer Res; 24(11); 2530–8. ©2017 AACR.

See related commentary by Hollon and Orringer, p. 2467
Comparative Study of Clarithromycin- versus Metronidazole-Based Triple Therapy as First-Line Eradication for Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Adachi Teppei , Matsui Shigenaga , Watanabe Tomohiro , Okamoto Kazuki , Okamoto Ayana , Kono Masashi , Yamada Mitsunari , Nagai Tomoyuki , Komeda Yoriaki , Minaga Kosuke , Kamata Ken , Yamao Kentaro , Takenaka Mamoru , Asakuma Yutaka , Sakurai Toshiharu , Nishida Naoshi , Kashida Hiroshi , Kudo Masatoshi
Published: December 2017

Introduction: Clarithromycin (CAM)-based triple therapy comprising proton pump inhibitors and amoxicillin is administered as first-line eradication treatment against Helicobacter pylori infection. However, the eradication rate achieved with CAM-based triple therapy has decreased to <80% owing to the emergence of CAM-resistant strains. This prospective randomized study aimed to compare the efficacy of CAM-based and metronidazole (MNZ)-based triple therapy in terms of H. pylori eradication. Methods:H. pylori-positive patients were treated with CAM-based triple therapy comprising esomeprazole and amoxicillin (EAC group) or with MNZ-based triple therapy comprising esomeprazole and amoxicillin (EAM group). Results:H. pylori eradication rates achieved in the intention-to-treat (ITT) and per protocol (PP) analyses were 70.6 and 72.7%, respectively, in the EAC group. Eradication rates obtained via ITT and PP analyses were 91.7 and 94.3%, respectively, in the EAM group. In the EAC group, eradication rates were significantly lower in patients harboring CAM-resistant strains than in those harboring CAM-sensitive strains. In contrast, eradication rates were comparable between patients harboring CAM-resistant strains and those harboring CAM-sensitive strains in the EAM group. Conclusion: MNZ-based triple therapy consisting of esomeprazole and amoxicillin is superior to CAM-based triple therapy containing esomeprazole and amoxicillin as first-line eradication treatment against H. pylori.
Association between the Risk Factors for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma and Those for Malignant Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm
Authors: Kamata Ken , Takenaka Mamoru , Nakai Atsushi , Omoto Shunsuke , Miyata Takeshi , Minaga Kosuke , Matsuda Tomohiro , Yamao Kentaro , Imai Hajime , Chiba Yasutaka , Sakurai Toshiharu , Watanabe Tomohiro , Nishida Naoshi , Chikugo Takaaki , Matsumoto Ippei , Takeyama Yoshifumi , Kudo Masatoshi
Published: December 2017

Background and Aims: Risk factors for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) include diabetes mellitus, chronic pancreatitis, obesity, a family history of pancreatic cancer, and a history of smoking or alcohol consumption. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between risk factors for PDAC and malignant intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN). Methods: The study included 134 consecutive patients with IPMN who underwent surgical resection at Kindai University Hospital between April 2009 and March 2015. Data on the presence or absence of mural nodules (MNs) and risk factors for PDAC were evaluated. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed with malignant IPMN as the outcome variable and MNs and risk factors for PDAC as explanatory variables. Results: The odds ratio of malignant IPMN to MNs was 3.88 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.53-9.84; p = 0.004), whereas that of malignant IPMN to smoking history was 1.66 (95% CI 0.74-3.71; p = 0.22). When the presence of MNs was considered as a predictive factor for malignancy, the sensitivity and specificity were 88.5 and 32.1%, respectively, whereas when the presence of both smoking history and MNs was considered, the specificity improved to 73.2%, with a decrease in sensitivity to 42.3%. Conclusions: The presence of both a smoking history and MNs was a valuable predictive factor for malignant IPMN with high specificity. A smoking history should be considered before surgical resection in addition to the presence of MNs.
Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome due to Atovaquone
Authors: Makino Takahiro , Kamitsukasa Ikuo , Ito Shoichi
Published: December 2017

A 72-year-old Japanese woman with rheumatoid arthritis whose activity decreased with previous treatments had recurrent thunderclap headaches during an atovaquone regimen for the treatment of pneumocystis pneumonia. The recurrent headaches disappeared after discontinuation of the drug. Brain magnetic resonance images showed multiple cerebral vasoconstrictions of cerebral arteries with vasogenic cerebral white matter edema, which diminished several weeks later. We diagnosed the patient’s headaches as reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome due to atovaquone.
MiR-144 Increases Intestinal Permeability in IBS-D Rats by Targeting OCLN and ZO1
Authors: Hou Qiuke , Huang Yongquan , Zhu Shuilian , Li Peiwu , Chen Xinlin , Hou Zhengkun , Liu Fengbin
Published: December 2017

Background/Aims: Irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea (IBS-D) is a chronic, functional bowel disorder characterized by abdominal pain or diarrhoea and altered bowel habits, which correlate with intestinal hyperpermeability. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in regulating intestinal permeability in IBS-D. However, the role of miRNAs in regulating intestinal permeability and protecting the epithelial barrier remains unclear. Our goals were to (i) identify differential expression of miRNAs and their targets in the distal colon of IBS-D rats; (ii) verify in vitro whether occludin (OCLN) and zonula occludens 1 (ZO1/TJP1) were direct targets of miR-144 and were down-regulated in IBS-D rats; and (iii) determine whether down-regulation of miR-144 in vitro could reverse the pathological hallmarks of intestinal hyperpermeability via targeting OCLN and ZO1. Methods: The IBS-D rat model was established using 4% acetic acid and evaluated by haematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The distal colon was obtained in order to perform miRNA microarray analysis and to isolate and culture colonic epithelial cells. When differential expression of miRNA was found, the results were verified by qRT-PCR, and the target genes were further explored by bioinformatics analysis. Correlation analyses were carried out to compare the expression of miRNA and target genes. Then, mutants, miRNA mimics and inhibitors of the target genes were constructed and transfected to colonic epithelial cells. qRT-PCR, western blotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and dual-luciferase assays were used to investigate the expression of miR-144 and OCLN, ZO1 in IBS-D rats. Results: There were 8 up-regulated and 18 down-regulated miRNAs identified in the IBS-D rat model. Of these, miR-144 was markedly up-regulated and resulted in the down-regulation of OCLN and ZO1 expression. Overexpression of miR-144 by transfection of miR-144 precursor markedly inhibited the expression of OCLN and ZO1. Further studies confirmed that OCLN and ZO1 were direct targets of miR-144. Additionally, intestinal hyperpermeability was enhanced by miR-144 up-regulation and attenuated by miR-144 down-regulation in IBS-D rat colonic epithelial cells. Moreover, rescue experiments showed that overexpression of OCLN and ZO1 significantly eliminated the inhibitory effect of miR-144, which showed a stronger effect on the attenuation of intestinal hyperpermeability. Conclusion: Up-regulation of miR-144 could promote intestinal hyperpermeability and impair the protective effect of the epithelial barrier by directly targeting OCLN and ZO1. miR-144 is likely a key regulator of intestinal hyperpermeability and could be a potential therapeutic target for IBS-D.
Effects of light-emitting diodes phototherapy on autonomic modulation of footballers
Authors: Oliveira Ricardo Santos , Ramos Solange De Paula , Dias Ivan Frederico Lupiano , Oliveira Filho Dari , Nakamura Fábio Yuzo
Published: December 2017

O objetivo do estudo foi verifi car o efeito da fototerapia com diodos emissores de luz (LED fototerapia) durante uma semana de treinamento sobre a modulação parassimpática e estresse percebido em atletas de futebol. Fizeram parte da amostra 18 atletas (Idade: 21,2 ± 2,6 anos; Peso: 73 ± 7,2 kg; Estatura: 178,0 ± 6,2 cm.). Pré e após uma semana de pré-temporada foram realizadas coletas da frequência cardíaca de repouso e a avaliação subjetiva de estresse e recuperação foi obtida por meio do “daily analysis of life demands for athletes” (DALDA). Os atletas foram aleatorizados em dois grupos, com nove atletas cada, grupo LED fototerapia (LED) e grupo placebo (PLA). O tratamento foi aplicado nos membros inferiores nos músculos do quadríceps e bíceps femoral todos os dias após a última sessão de treinamento. A aplicação foi realizada de maneira “duplo cego”. ANCOVA de medidas repetidas foi utilizada para verifi car o efeito do tratamento sobre modulação autonômica. O treinamento realizado por ambos os grupos foi o mesmo tanto em duração quanto intensidade. Da mesma forma, não houve diferença entre os grupos nos parâmetros de carga interna. Foi observado efeito da semana nos parâmetros média dos intervalos RR (Rrmédio - LED: pré = 1033,4 ± 150,7 ms pós = 1056,7 ± 114,8 ms; PLA: pré = 962 ± 150,8 ms pós = 1016,8 ± 173,5 ms), desvio padrão dos intervalos RR normais (SDNN - LED: pré = 101 ± 37,3 ms pós = 92,3 ± 27,5 ms; PLA: pré = 97,5 ± 34,9 ms pós = 108,7 ± 16,4 ms), e razão baixa e alta frequência (LF/HF - LED: pré = 1,7 ± 0,7 pós = 1,4 ± 0,6; PLA: pré = 3,7 ± 3,4 pós = 3,4 ± 2,1) para ambos os grupos. Além disso, houve pequenas alterações nas fontes (pré = 1 ± 1; pós = 0 ± 1) e sintomas (‘melhor que normal’ pré = 5 ± 1; pós = 4 ± 4; ‘normal’ pré = 19 ± 7; pós = 21 ± 3) do DALDA para o grupo LED. A LED fototerapia não apresentou efeito sobre a modulação autonômica, mas proporcionou pequenas alterações nas fontes e sintomas de estresse.
The National Policy on Violence Prevention and Security in Sport Spectacles: challenges and proposals
Authors: Lopes Felipe Tavares Paes , Reis Heloisa Helena Baldy dos
Published: December 2017

Neste texto, desenvolvemos uma refl exão ética e normativa acerca do processo de construção da Política Nacional de Prevenção da Violência e Segurança nos Espetáculos Esportivos. Para desenvolver tal refl exão, adotamos os seguintes procedimentos metodológicos: revisão de literatura, análise de leis e documentos e observações realizadas durante nossa participação no debate público sobre a violência no futebol brasileiro e, também, durante intercâmbios e estágios de pesquisa realizados na Alemanha e na Argentina, em 2013 e 2014. O texto foi organizado em duas partes interdependentes: num primeiro momento, abordamos os principais desafi os para tornar o processo em questão mais justo e democrático. Entre os desafi os abordados, destacamos o de conseguir criar medidas especiais de estímulo à inclusão de grupos normalmente excluídos das posições de poder. Num segundo momento, apresentamos e justifi camos algumas medidas concretas capazes de superar os referidos desafi os. Entre elas, o estabelecimento de comissões locais de prevenção da violência no futebol, o fortalecimento e a democratização da “Comissão Paz no Esporte”, dos ministérios da Justiça e do Esporte, a criação da fi gura do ombudsfan, o fortalecimento do diálogo com as associações independentes de torcedores e com as entidades representativas de torcedores organizados, a capacitação de seus dirigentes, oferecendo a eles os recursos culturais necessários para o enfrentamento dos problemas do dia-a-dia dessas torcidas e para a transformação criativa e pacífi ca dos confl itos violentos entre elas, o reconhecimento de formas menos hegemônicas de discurso, que permitam o torcedor se exprimir na sua própria voz, e a criação da fi gura do moderador, que faça o trabalho socrático de assistência à palavra na referida comissão.
The contribution of Isabel Marques in productions on “dance” and “teaching of dance” in Physical Education
Authors: Brasileiro Lívia Tenorio , Nascimento Filho Márcio José Do
Published: December 2017

O artigo tem como objetivo analisar as contribuições de Isabel Marques, a partir das obras “Ensino de dança hoje: textos e contextos” (1999) e “Dançando na escola” (2003), nas produções sobre “dança” e “ensino de dança” na Educação Física. Recorre ao estudo do tipo bibliográfi co, tendo como base duas obras de Isabel Marques (1999; 2003), e a pesquisa documental, destacando artigos presentes em periódicos nacionais da área de Educação Física que tomam o ensino de dança como referência, sendo selecionados três periódicos da área que apresentam estudos no campo educacional. Identifi camos que em 38% das produções acerca desta temática as obras de Isabel Marques podem ser apontadas como referências que subsidiam as refl exões sobre o ensino de dança na escola, contribuindo com as análises das pesquisas sobre o ensino da dança na Educação Física.
Artigos não citados nas revistas brasileiras em saúde pública
Authors: Cuenca Angela Maria Belloni , Barbosa Milena Maria de Araújo Lima , Oliveira Karoline de , Quinta Fernanda Paranhos , Alvarez Maria do Carmo Avamilano , França Junior Ivan
Published: December 2017

Aqui, descrevemos o percentual de não citação em revistas brasileiras de saúde pública, campo até agora não investigado nacional ou internacionalmente. Analisamos artigos, publicados entre 2008 e 2012, de oito revistas de saúde pública indexadas na base Scopus. O percentual de não citação difere entre as revistas (de 5,7% a 58,1%). Identificamos quatro grupos estatisticamente distintos: História, Ciência, Saúde – Manguinhos (58% de artigos não citados); Physis: Revista de Saúde Coletiva, Interface, e Saúde e Sociedade (32% a 37%); Ciência & Saúde Coletiva e Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia (16% a 17%); e Cadernos de Saúde Pública e Revista de Saúde Pública (6%). A não citação nos primeiros três anos pós-publicação também varia segundo revista. Quatro revistas mostraram claro declínio da não citação: Cadernos de Saúde Pública, Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia e Physis. Outras três (Revista de Saúde Pública, Saúde e Sociedade e Interface) apresentaram oscilação na não citação, mas as taxas de 2008 e 2012 são similares, com magnitudes diferentes. Por sua vez, a revista História, Ciência, Saúde – Manguinhos mantém taxas elevadas de não citação. Revistas multidisciplinares atraem mais citação, mas um modelo compreensivo de citações ainda precisa ser formulado e testado.
Redescription of Nerocila exocoeti Pillai, 1954 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Cymothoidae) parasitic on beloniform (Exocoetidae and Hemiramphidae) hosts with Nerocila madrasensis Ramakrishna & Ramaniah, 1978 placed into synonymy
Authors: ANEESH PANAKKOOL-THAMBAN , HELNA AMMERI KOTTARATHIL , VALARMATHI KANDASAMY , CHANDRA KAILASH , MITRA SANTANU
Published: December 2017

Nerocila exocoeti Pillai, 1954 is re-described based on the neotype and additional material from exocoetid hosts. Nerocila madrasensis Ramakrishna & Ramaniah, 1978 (from Madras) is placed into synonymy with N. exocoeti. Nerocila exocoeti is characterized by the presence of short coxae, postero-lateral angles of the first five pereonites not backwardly produced, pereonites 6–7 are reduced, cephalon sub-quadrate with anterior border straight; first antenna composed of eight articles and endopod of uropod half the size of exopod. Nerocila exocoeti is only known from beloniform hosts; Parexocoetus brachypterus and Exocoetus volitans (Exocoetidae); Hemiramphus sp. and Rhynchorhamphus malabaricus (Hemiramphidae) are the identified hosts for the species.
Observations on self-incineration characteristics in 24 years (1993–2016) of autopsies in the city of Milan
Authors: Amadasi Alberto , Boracchi Michele , Gentile Guendalina , Maciocco Francesca , Maghin Francesca , Zoja Riccardo
Published: December 2017

Self-incineration is one of the most dramatic and lethal suicide methods. It is rarely reported in Western countries and is more frequent in developing regions. We illustrate the forensic cases of self-immolation occurring over 24 years in the city of Milan, Italy, highlighting the main issues of such a complex and rare suicide. We selected 33 cases of self-incineration among 23,417 autopsies (4022 suicides) performed at the Department of Legal Medicine of the University of Milan over a period of 24 years (1993–2016). Several parameters were included and analysed: gender and age of the victims, pathological history, previous suicide intentions/attempts, duration of burning, place of death or discovery of the corpse, circumstantial data of fatal events and autopsy findings, with particular attention to thermal injuries. Self-incineration was found in 0.8% of total suicides and 0.14% of total autopsies. One of these cases involved a complex modality (association with plastic-bag suffocation). The typical characteristics of the victim were an Italian man with psychiatric illness, frequently moved by passion, existential discomfort and economic problems. During the 24-year period, the number of cases of self-incineration progressively reduced. This study provides a general overview in one of the biggest metropolitan Italian areas and is one of the few works performed on this topic. It may be helpful in understanding and studying such an unusual manner of suicide.
Intergroup struggles over victimhood in violent conflict
Authors: Jankowitz Sarah
Published: December 2017

Many groups in violent, intergroup conflict perceive themselves to be the primary or sole victims of that conflict. This often results in contention over who may claim victim status and complicates a central aim of post-conflict processes, which is to acknowledge and address harms experienced by the victims. Drawing from victimology scholarship and intergroup relations theory, this article proposes the victim-perpetrator paradigm as a framework to analyse how, why and to what end groups in conflict construct and maintain their claims to the moral status of victim. This interdisciplinary paradigm builds on the knowledge that groups utilise the ‘ideal victim’ construction to exemplify their own innocence and blamelessness in contrast to the wickedness of the perpetrator, setting the two categories as separate and mutually exclusive even where experiences of violence have been complex. Additionally, this construction provides for a core intergroup need to achieve positive social identity, which groups may enhance by demonstrating a maximum differentiation between the in-group as victims and those out-groups identified as perpetrators. The paradigm contributes greater knowledge on the social processes underpinning victim contention in conflict, as well as how groups legitimise their violence against out-groups during and after conflict.
The effect of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors on cerebral blood flow in humans: A systematic review
Authors: Pauls Mathilde MH , Moynihan Barry , Barrick Thomas R , Kruuse Christina , Madigan Jeremy B , Hainsworth Atticus H , Isaacs Jeremy D
Published: December 2017

Agents that augment cerebral blood flow (CBF) could be potential treatments for vascular cognitive impairment. Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors are vasodilating drugs established in the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) and pulmonary hypertension. We reviewed published data on the effects of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors on CBF in adult humans. A systematic review according to PRISMA guidelines was performed. Embase, Medline and Cochrane Library Trials databases were searched. Sixteen studies with 353 participants in total were retrieved. Studies included healthy volunteers and patients with migraine, ED, type 2 diabetes, stroke, pulmonary hypertension, Becker muscular dystrophy and subarachnoid haemorrhage. Most studies used middle cerebral artery flow velocity to estimate CBF. Few studies employed direct measurements of tissue perfusion. Resting CBF velocity was unaffected by phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors, but cerebrovascular regulation was improved in ED, pulmonary hypertension, diabetes, Becker's and a group of healthy volunteers. This evidence suggests that phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors improve responsiveness of the cerebral vasculature, particularly in disease states associated with an impaired endothelial dilatory response. This supports the potential therapeutic use of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors in vascular cognitive impairment where CBF is reduced. Further studies with better resolution of deep CBF are warranted. The review is registered on the PROSPERO database (registration number CRD42016029668).
New reconstruction algorithm for digital breast tomosynthesis: better image quality for humans and computers
Authors: Rodriguez-Ruiz Alejandro , Teuwen Jonas , Vreemann Suzan , Bouwman Ramona W , van Engen Ruben E , Karssemeijer Nico , Mann Ritse M , Gubern-Merida Albert , Sechopoulos Ioannis
Published: December 2017

Background

The image quality of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) volumes depends greatly on the reconstruction algorithm.

Purpose

To compare two DBT reconstruction algorithms used by the Siemens Mammomat Inspiration system, filtered back projection (FBP), and FBP with iterative optimizations (EMPIRE), using qualitative analysis by human readers and detection performance of machine learning algorithms.

Material and Methods

Visual grading analysis was performed by four readers specialized in breast imaging who scored 100 cases reconstructed with both algorithms (70 lesions). Scoring (5-point scale: 1 = poor to 5 = excellent quality) was performed on presence of noise and artifacts, visualization of skin-line and Cooper’s ligaments, contrast, and image quality, and, when present, lesion visibility. In parallel, a three-dimensional deep-learning convolutional neural network (3D-CNN) was trained (n = 259 patients, 51 positives with BI-RADS 3, 4, or 5 calcifications) and tested (n = 46 patients, nine positives), separately with FBP and EMPIRE volumes, to discriminate between samples with and without calcifications. The partial area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (pAUC) of each 3D-CNN was used for comparison.

Results

EMPIRE reconstructions showed better contrast (3.23 vs. 3.10, P = 0.010), image quality (3.22 vs. 3.03, P < 0.001), visibility of calcifications (3.53 vs. 3.37, P = 0.053, significant for one reader), and fewer artifacts (3.26 vs. 2.97, P < 0.001). The 3D-CNN-EMPIRE had better performance than 3D-CNN-FBP (pAUC-EMPIRE = 0.880 vs. pAUC-FBP = 0.857; P < 0.001).

Conclusion

The new algorithm provides DBT volumes with better contrast and image quality, fewer artifacts, and improved visibility of calcifications for human observers, as well as improved detection performance with deep-learning algorithms.
The Funerary Banquet of Hery (TT 12), Robbed and Restored
Authors: Galán José M. , Menéndez Gema
Published: December 2017

The tomb-chapel of Hery (TT 12), dating to the early Eighteenth Dynasty, is decorated in relief. The banquet scene depicted on the corridor's south/west wall is an important document for the study of the Theban society of this period, but it was robbed and heavily damaged around the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Fortunately, the scene and its inscriptions can be reconstructed using archival material created prior to the thefts. Spiegelberg's squeezes of 1895/6 can also be used to search for the stolen fragments.
Characterisation and management of concrete grinding residuals
Authors: Kluge Matt , Gupta Nautasha , Watts Ben , Chadik Paul A , Ferraro Christopher , Townsend Timothy G
Published: December 2017

Concrete grinding residue is the waste product resulting from the grinding, cutting, and resurfacing of concrete pavement. Potential beneficial applications for concrete grinding residue include use as a soil amendment and as a construction material, including as an additive to Portland cement concrete. Concrete grinding residue exhibits a high pH, and though not hazardous, it is sufficiently elevated that precautions need to be taken around aquatic ecosystems. Best management practices and state regulations focus on reducing the impact on such aquatic environment. Heavy metals are present in concrete grinding residue, but concentrations are of the same magnitude as typically recycled concrete residuals. The chemical composition of concrete grinding residue makes it a useful product for some soil amendment purposes at appropriate land application rates. The presence of unreacted concrete in concrete grinding residue was examined for potential use as partial replacement of cement in new concrete. Testing of Florida concrete grinding residue revealed no dramatic reactivity or improvement in mortar strength.
Investigating consistent patterns of variation in short-notice cancellations of elective operations: The potential for learning and improvement through multi-site evaluations
Authors: Proudlove Nathan C , Samarasinghe Buddhika SW , Walshe Kieran
Published: December 2017

As part of efforts to increase productivity in healthcare, there is considerable interest in the extent and causes of variation in the performance of provider organisations. In this study, we use publically available data from the English NHS to examine the characteristics of variation in the rates of short-notice cancellations of elective operations due to hospital reasons (e.g. lack of the required resources such as operating theatres and beds). We find that the variation between hospital trusts is very non-random. There is a fourfold difference in the cancellation rates between the top and bottom deciles of performance. Little is known about the causes of this. There is a large and striking consistency in the relative performance of hospital trusts on cancellation rates over the last five years. Thus, the best and worst performers are consistently relatively very good or very poor, so a multi-site comparison of practices, and accounting for confounds like patient demographics, could be very valuable to inform both this knowledge gap and practice in healthcare. Of particular interest is that the cancellation rates could be a symptom of deeper issues with the efficiency of patient flows within hospitals.
Modeling, simulation, and experimental validation of electro-hydraulic power steering system in multi-axle vehicles
Authors: Du Heng , Zhang Qingming , Chen Shumei , Fang Jinhui
Published: December 2017

An accurate electro-hydraulic power steering system (EHPSS) model is essential to analyze dynamic steering performance and advanced nonlinear control. The main obstacle to establish an accurate model is the complex structure, including steering mechanism, valve controlled dual hydraulic-actuator, and heavy duty tires. This paper constructs a suitable model incorporating these parts, based on a Lagrange equation describing the steering trapezoid mechanism and dual cylinder hydraulic dynamics, regarding steering resisting moment as an external load. A simplified tire model is used to represent the tire basic steering load characteristics. Due to the complexity of the kinematic relationship in the model, several expressions are fitted using back propagation neural networks to significantly reduce calculation difficulty. Experimental measurements and simulation using Matlab/Simulink and experiment are realized for the case of in situ steering, and the results validate the proposed model accuracy. Thus, the proposed model is suitable to analyze the system and design advanced controllers.
Validation of the ICD-9 Diagnostic Code for Palliative Care in Patients Hospitalized With Heart Failure Within the Veterans Health Administration
Authors: Feder Shelli L. , Redeker Nancy S. , Jeon Sangchoon , Schulman-Green Dena , Womack Julie A. , Tate Janet P. , Bedimo Roger J. , Budoff Matthew J. , Butt Adeel A. , Crothers Kristina , Akgün Kathleen M.
Published: December 2017

Background:

Patients with heart failure (HF) are at increased risk of unmet palliative care needs. The International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision ( ICD-9) code, V66.7, can identify palliative care services. However, code validity for specialist palliative care in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) has not been determined.

Objective:

To validate the ICD-9 code for specialist palliative care and determine common reasons for specialist palliative care consultation among VHA patients hospitalized with HF.

Design:

Electronic health record review of data from the Veterans Aging Cohort Study.

Setting/Participants:

The sample included 100 patients hospitalized with HF from 2003 to 2012.

Measurements:

Data from 50 patients with V66.7 were matched by age, race, site of care, hospital length of stay, intensive care unit admission, and fiscal year of study discharge to 50 patients with HF without V66.7 who had died within a year of hospitalization. We calculated positive and negative predictive values (PPV, NPV), sensitivity, and specificity.

Results:

All patients included in the sample were male, 66% black ethnicity, and mean age = 65 years (standard deviations [SD] ± 10.5 for cases; SD ± 9.8 for matches). Specialist palliative care was documented for 49 of 50 patients with V66.7 (PPV = 98%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 88-99) and 9 of 50 patients without the code (NPV = 82%, 95% CI: 68-91). Sensitivity was 84% (95% CI: 72-92), and specificity was 98% (95% CI: 86-99). Establishing goals of care was the most frequent reason for palliative care consultation (43% of the sample).

Conclusion:

The ICD-9 code V66.7 identifies specialist palliative care for hospitalized patients with HF in the VHA. Replication of findings in other data sources and populations is needed.