bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biomimetic Design and Advanced Materials for Innovative Systems
Authors: Capece Sonia , Buono Mario , Cascone Francesca , Egido-Villarreal Janitzio , Caputo Francesco
Published: June 2019

The contribution collects and illustrates "creative" methodological and design paths in the sectors of mobility and transport where design, biology, material technologies and bioengineering cooperate in a synergistic and proactive way for configurating new systems for fixing vehicles’ interior components. The aim has been to reduce the tolerance of human error during assembly by using innovative technological and material solutions and the conscious study of biological and biomechanical processes present in nature. In order to articulate the research activities, parameters have been identified and defined according to the requirements of the workers during the preparation and fixing of the components, according to the principles of safety, good design and material optimization. From the identification and literature survey of the patent documents and from the structural, material, feasibility and reliability assessments of the current installation procedures, critical issues related to stress, safety, times of installation and assembly and disassembly of the components have been carried out. Therefore, innovative biomimetic concept-solutions have been developed for the definition of architectures and fixing systems through an in-depth observation of the biological heritage, based on the organic integration of form, function, and processes. The path allowed the acquisition of specific knowledge and interdisciplinary skills to plan tangible results useful for optimizing, innovating and strengthening the design process from various industrial sectors such as engineering, aerospace, automotive, medical and pharmaceutical packaging.
Comparative Studies Regarding the Synthesis and Characterization of Cellulose Based-Polymer Assemblies for Fuel Cell Applications
Authors: Maior Ioana , Albu Ana Maria , Popa Marius Stelian
Published: June 2019

The aim of these comparative studies consists of synthesis and characterization of membrane assemblies from cellulose acetate (CelAc) and acrylic acid (AA), using as dopant in-situ generated pyrrole–aniline (Py–AN) copolymer intended for use in fuel cells fabrication. The synthesis was conducted through free radical polymerization in a semi-homogeneous system and the casting method was used to form the solid polymer membranes. In selecting the optimal compositional parameters, the influence of the molecular size of the majority matrix component was also observed. These membrane assemblies were studied using FT-IR spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and X-Ray diffraction analysis which highlighted the structure–composition dependence. With the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy the ionic conductivity of the membrane was determined, in order to evaluate the PEM fuel cell performance. In case of thicker membranes, there is an increase in ionic conductivity values over those of lower thickness, which is due to short-order structural order. Also, a superunitary Py:AN is more favorable to conductivity increase than a less than one ratio.
The Influence of 3D Printing Parameters on Elastic and Mechanical Characteristics of Polylactide
Authors: Baciu Florin , Vlăsceanu Daniel , Hadăr Anton
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the influence of 3D printing parameters (i.e. print speed, infill density, infill patterns) on the elastic and mechanical properties (i.e. Young modulus, yield limit, ultimate tensile strength). These properties have been determined experimentally on different specimens subjected to tensile loading using a universal testing machine INSTRON 8872. For these experimental investigations, the test specimens were manufactured in accordance to ASTM standards, modifying the following printing parameters: print speed, infill density, infill patterns. The influence of printing parameters on elastic and mechanical properties is necessary for a better understanding of the material behavior necessary in modelling and design of some type of structures manufactured using 3D printing method.
A Comparative Study of Simulation Models on Incremental Forming Process by Using the Enhancement Tools
Authors: Abass Khalil Ibrahim
Published: June 2019

Incremental Forming IF is a suitable sheet metal forming technique for producing complex forms by local deformation. The forming tool movement follows the designed tool path controlled by the CNC machine programme. The main categories of the process are single point, SP and two points, TP "with enhancement tools". Additionally, the product design determines the enhancement tool type used and its obstacles. The enhancement tools are used for improvement of the product profile quality, while maintaining the simplicity of the process. The material formability is affected by mechanical properties and characteristics of the product profile. The limits are concerning the forming tools used and the blank thickness. On the other hand, due to the difficult environment of these process models, numerical methodologies controlled by Finite Element Method, FEM are currently in extensive use. The research offers the main data and results of a comparing study on the influence of using the enhancement tools in IF through FEM. The study purposes to identify the scientific differences of the IF processes, "with and without enhancement tools" by evaluating the thickness and strains distribution of the deformed blank section. In addition, the analysis and the evaluation of the final product profile have been studied.
Susceptibility of Six Corn Varieties (Zea mays L.) to Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: Astuti L. , Yahya S. , Hadi M.
Published: June 2019

Agricultural produce is commonly stored in warehouses after the harvest period, before being utilized and fulfilling the crop stock. However, crop threats are not only present during cultivation and harvest, but crops can also be infected during storage, which leads to agricultural loss. This research aimed to observe the resistance level of corn varieties of Bisma, Bisi 18, Bisi 19, Pioneer 21, Pioneer 29, and Pertiwi 3 to the Sitophilus zeamais pest of stored product insects. This resistance was based on the mechanism of non-preference (antixenosis) resistance, measured with the Free Choice Test Method (FCTM), and antibiosis resistance mechanism, measured with the No Choice Test Method (NCTM). The results showed that based on the susceptibility index (Dobie, 1974), corn varieties of Pertiwi 3 were categorized as resistant to S. zeamais pests, while the varieties of Bisi 19, Bisma, Bisi 18, Pioneer 21 and Pioneer 29 were moderately resistant.
Site corrections and residual analysis for seismograph stations used for magnitude calculations in eastern Canada
Authors: Bent A L
Published: June 2019

Earthquake magnitudes are generally determined by taking an average (most often, the arithmetic mean) of magnitudes calculated at many individual seismograph stations. While some variation in station magnitudes stems directly from the seismic source (for example,
radiation pattern or directivity) conditions beneath the recording station also affect the calculated value. For example, soft soils tend to amplify the seismic signal resulting in an apparent magnitude that is higher than the true value. By analyzing the differences between the magnitude determined
at a specific station and the average magnitude for a large number of earthquakes, a site correction for the station can be determined and then applied as part of the magnitude calculation. Station corrections have been determined for more than three hundred seismographs used in the calculations of
magnitudes in eastern Canada. In most cases, the site corrections are small but several stations with significant corrections were identified. Magnitudes were recalculated applying the corrections. When the earthquake catalog is considered as a whole, the effect is negligible but there are many
individual earthquakes for which it is significant. The remaining residuals after the application of the site corrections were further evaluated to determine whether they are dependent on parameters such as distance, azimuth or frequency. A consistent pattern of residuals with respect to distance is
seen at a large number of stations spanning the region, suggesting that the attenuation relation used in magnitude calculations may need to be modified. In most regions azimuthal dependence is minimal but a few regions have been targeted for further study. Residuals are near zero for periods of
~0.02 - ~0.5 sec and then slowly increase with increasing period, raising questions about the validity of using the magnitude equation over a wider range of frequencies than that for which it was originally intended.
Late presentation of anomalous left coronary artery arising from pulmonary artery with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Bhandari Monika , Vishwakarma Pravesh , Pradhan Akshyaya , Sethi Rishi
Published: June 2019

Congenital anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is associated with early infant mortality and adult sudden death. The use of advanced cardiac imaging has resulted in an increase in the number of diagnosed ALCAPA cases, especially in the adult population, sometimes even asymptomatic. The extent of collateral circulation that develops between the right coronary artery (RCA) and left coronary artery (LCA) determines the outcomes. We present a case of hitherto undiagnosed case of ALCAPA, with first presentation as acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in young male.
Eosinophilic Fasciitis in a Patient Treated by Atezolizumab for Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Wissam Yacine , Belcaid Laila , Wittoek Ruth , Smith Vanessa , Vanhaecke Amber , De Schepper Sofie , Jans Lennart , de Roodenbeke Daphné t'Kint , Gombos Andrea , Aspeslagh Sandrine
Published: June 2019

Immune checkpoint inhibition has revolutionized the treatment for numerous cancer patients; however, the spectrum of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) remains to be fully uncovered. We report a 48-year-old woman who was treated in the Phase III IMpassion130 study (atezolizumab and nanoparticle albumin-bound [nab]-paclitaxel) for metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. She experienced a partial response after 3 months. Nevertheless, the patient presented with thickening of the skin and muscle fatigue in the distal extremities together with blood eosinophilia after 15 months. Skin biopsy and magnetic resonance imaging were diagnostic of eosinophilic fasciitis (EF). Symptoms clearly improved upon stopping atezolizumab, while tumor response is still ongoing after discontinuing treatment. We identified five other cases of EF during immunotherapy, all occurring after about 1 year and in contrast to our case, mostly accompanied by other irAEs. This highlights that even if EF is a rare irAE, timely recognition and management remains important.
Control predictivo aplicado a un proceso de producción continua de biodiésel
Authors: Patti Miguel A. , Feroldi Diego , Zumoffen David
Published: June 2019

En este trabajo se presenta el desarrollo e implementación de un controlador MPC para el área de neutralización y lavado de una planta de producción de biodiésel la cual se encuentra modelada en forma rigurosa mediante el software Aspen Hysys. Se propone una estrategia de control avanzado debido a la propia naturaleza multivariable del proceso, las múltiples restricciones de operación y los diferentes requisitos de calidad del producto. El desarrollo e implementación del controlador se realiza en el entorno computacional de Matlab y mediante protocolos de comunicación específicos se logra la interacción con Aspen Hysys. Se utilizaron diversos escenarios para verificar el correcto funcionamiento de la estrategia de control propuesta y los resultados se comparan con otras estrategias de control existentes en la literatura.
A sampler for atmospheric volatile organic compounds by copter unmanned aerial vehicles
Authors: McKinney Karena A. , Wang Daniel , Ye Jianhuai , de Fouchier Jean-Baptiste , Guimarães Patricia C. , Batista Carla E. , Souza Rodrigo A. F. , Alves Eliane G. , Gu Dasa , Guenther Alex B. , Martin Scot T.
Published: June 2019

Abstract. A sampler for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) was developed for
deployment on a multicopter unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The sampler was
designed to collect gas- and aerosol-phase VOCs on up to four commercially
available VOC-adsorbent cartridges for subsequent offline analysis by
thermal-desorption gas chromatography. The sampler had a mass of 0.90 kg and
dimensions of 19 cm ×20 cm ×5 cm. Power consumption was
< 10 kJ in a typical 30 min flight, representing < 3 % of
the total UAV battery capacity. Autonomous sampler operation and data
collection in flight were accomplished with a microcontroller. Sampling
flows of 100 to 400 sccm were possible, and a typical flow of 150 sccm was
used to balance VOC capture efficiency with sample volume. The overall
minimum detection limit of the analytical method for a 10 min sample was
3 ppt and the uncertainty was larger than 3 ppt or 20 % for isoprene
and monoterpenes. The sampler was mounted to a commercially available UAV
and flown in August 2017 over tropical forest in central Amazonia. Samples
were collected sequentially for 10 min each at several different
altitude–latitude–longitude collection points. The species identified, their
concentrations, their uncertainties, and the possible effects of the UAV
platform on the results are presented and discussed in the context of the
sampler design and capabilities. Finally, design challenges and
possibilities for next-generation samplers are addressed.
Can liquid cloud microphysical processes be used for vertically pointing cloud radar calibration?
Authors: Maahn Maximilian , Hoffmann Fabian , Shupe Matthew D. , de Boer Gijs , Matrosov Sergey Y. , Luke Edward P.
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Cloud radars are unique instruments for observing cloud processes, but uncertainties in radar calibration have frequently limited data quality. Thus far, no single robust method exists for assessing the calibration of past cloud radar data sets. Here, we investigate whether observations of microphysical processes in liquid clouds such as the transition of cloud droplets to drizzle drops can be used to calibrate cloud radars. Specifically, we study the relationships between the radar reflectivity factor and three variables not affected by absolute radar calibration: the skewness of the radar Doppler spectrum (γ), the radar mean Doppler velocity (W), and the liquid water path (LWP). For each relation, we evaluate the potential for radar calibration. For γ and W, we use box model simulations to determine typical radar reflectivity values for reference points. We apply the new methods to observations at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) sites North Slope of Alaska (NSA) and Oliktok Point (OLI) in 2016 using two 35 GHz Ka-band ARM Zenith Radars (KAZR). For periods with a sufficient number of liquid cloud observations, we find that liquid cloud processes are robust enough for cloud radar calibration, with the LWP-based method performing best. We estimate that, in 2016, the radar reflectivity at NSA was about 1±1 dB too low but stable. For OLI, we identify serious problems with maintaining an accurate calibration including a sudden decrease of 5 to 7 dB in June 2016.
Invariants of the Spatial-Energy Structure and Modeling of the
Earth's Ion Radiation Belts
Authors: Kovtyukh Alexander S.
Published: June 2019

Abstract. The spatial-energy distributions of proton fluxes in the Earth's radiation belts (ERB) are well studied and the NASA averaged empirical models constructed for them (the latest versions are AP8 and AP9). These models are widely used in space research. However, for heavier ERB ions (helium, oxygen, etc.), much less measurements were made on satellites, especially in the energy range from tens to hundreds of MeV, and there are no sufficiently complete and reliable models for them. Meanwhile, such ions, although there are much smaller than protons, play a very important role in the physics of ERB, especially in their dynamics, as well as in solving problems of ensuring the safety of space flights. The data on such ions represent a rather fragmentary picture, in which there are significant white spots. Using the methods considered in this paper, these fragmentary data can be streamlined, linked to each other and get a regular picture that has a simple physical meaning. Spatial-energy distributions of the stationary fluxes of protons, helium ions and ions of the CNO group with energy from 100 keV to 200 MeV at L ~ 1–8 considered here on the data of the satellites for 1961–2017. It is found, that results of the measurements of the ion fluxes are arrange in certain regular patterns in the spaces {E, L} and {L, B/B0}. This effect connected with the existence of invariant parameters of these distributions of ion fluxes. These invariant parameters are very useful and necessary for constructing the ion models of the ERB. The physical mechanisms leading to formation spatial-energy structure of the ERB ion fluxes and the values of its invariant parameters discussed here. In the course of this work, solar-cyclic (11-year) variations in the distributions of helium and carbon-nitrogen-oxygen ions fluxes in the ERB studied for the first time. It shown that, as compared with such variations in the proton fluxes studied earlier, the amplitude of the variations of heavier ions is much larger and increases with increasing their mass.
Characteristics of the layered polar mesosphere summer echoes occurrence ratio observed by EISCAT VHF 224 MHz radar
Authors: Ge Shucan , Li Hailong , Xu Tong , Zhu Mengyan , Wang Maoyan , Meng Lin , Ullah Safi , Rauf Abdur
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Polar mesosphere summer echoes (PMSEs) are strong radar echoes
observed in the polar mesopause during the local summer. Observations of layered
PMSEs carried out by the European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association
very-high-frequency (EISCAT VHF) radar during 2004–2015 in the latest solar
cycle are used to study the variations of the PMSE occurrence ratio (OR).
Different seasonal behavior of PMSEs is found by analyzing the seasonal
variation of PMSE mono-, double-, and tri-layer OR. A method was used to
calculate the PMSE mono, double-, and tri-layer OR under a different electron
density threshold. In addition, a method to analyze the correlation of
the layered PMSE OR with the solar 10.7 cm flux index (F10.7) and geomagnetic K
index is proposed. Based on it, the correlation of the layered PMSE OR with
solar and geomagnetic activities is not expected to be affected by
discontinuous PMSEs. It is found that PMSE mono-, double-, and tri-layer ORs are
positively correlated with the K index. The correlation of the PMSE mono- and
double-layer OR with F10.7 is weak, whereas the PMSE tri-layer OR shows
a negative correlation with F10.7.
Impacts of non-ideality and the thermodynamic pressure work term pΔv on the Surface Energy Balance
Authors: Massman William J.
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Present day eddy covariance based methods for measuring the energy and mass exchange between the earth's surface and the atmosphere often do not close the surface energy balance. Frequently the turbulent energy fluxes (sum of sensible and latent heat) underestimate the available energy (net incoming radiation minus the soil conductive heat flux) by 10 to 20 % or more. Over the last three or four decades several reasons for this underestimation have been proposed, but nothing completely definitive has been found. This study examines the contribution of two rarely discussed aspects of atmospheric thermodynamics to this underestimation: the non-ideality of atmospheric gases and the significance the water vapor flux has on the sensible heat flux, an issue related to the pressure work term pΔv. The results were not unexpected, i.e., these effects are too small to account for all of the imbalance between the sum of the turbulent fluxes and the available energy. Together they may contribute 1–3 % of the difference (or 10 to 15 % of the percentage imbalance).
High-resolution paleovalley classification from airborne electromagnetic imaging and deep neural network training using digital elevation model data
Authors: Jiang Zhenjiao , Mallants Dirk , Peeters Luk , Gao Lei , Soerensen Camilla , Mariethoz Gregoire
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Paleovalleys are buried ancient river valleys that often form
productive aquifers, especially in the semiarid and arid areas of
Australia. Delineating their extent and hydrostratigraphy is however a
challenging task in groundwater system characterization. This study
developed a methodology based on the deep learning super-resolution
convolutional neural network (SRCNN) approach, to convert electrical
conductivity (EC) estimates from an airborne electromagnetic (AEM) survey in
South Australia to a high-resolution binary paleovalley map. The SRCNN was
trained and tested with a synthetic training dataset, where valleys were
generated from readily available digital elevation model (DEM) data from the
AEM survey area. Electrical conductivities typical of valley sediments were
generated by Archie's law, and subsequently blurred by down-sampling and
bicubic interpolation to represent noise from the AEM survey, inversion and
interpolation. After a model training step, the SRCNN successfully removed
such noise, and reclassified the low-resolution, converted unimodal but
skewed EC values into a high-resolution paleovalley index following a
bimodal distribution. The latter allows us to distinguish valley from
non-valley pixels. Furthermore, a realistic spatial connectivity structure
of the paleovalley was predicted when compared with borehole lithology logs
and a valley bottom flatness indicator. Overall the methodology permitted us to
better constrain the three-dimensional paleovalley geometry from AEM images
that are becoming more widely available for groundwater prospecting.
Design of the subsurface observatory at Surtsey volcano, Iceland
Authors: Türke Andreas , Jackson Marie D. , Bach Wolfgang , Kahl Wolf-Achim , Grzybowski Brian , Marshall Beau , Gudmundsson Magnús T. , Jørgensen Steffen Leth
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Surtsey, the youngest of the islands of Vestmannaeyjar, is an oceanic volcano created by explosive basaltic eruptions during 1963–1967 off the southern coast of Iceland. The subsurface deposits of the volcano were first sampled by a cored borehole in 1979. In summer 2017, three cored boreholes were drilled through the active hydrothermal system of the volcano by the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) SUSTAIN Expedition 5059. These cores are expected to provide the first glimpse of microbial life in very young and native basaltic tuff of the oceanic crust. To reduce the contamination of the subsurface environment, seawater circulating fluid was filtered and passed through two UV-sterilizing treatments. One of the boreholes has been equipped with a subsurface observatory dedicated in situ experiments for monitoring water–rock interactions and microbial processes in sterile, artificial basaltic glass and in olivine granules. With temperatures ranging from 25 to 125 ∘C, the subsurface observatory provides a precise geothermal window into an active hydrothermal system and thus represents an exceptional natural laboratory for studying fluid–rock–microbe interactions at different temperature regimes and facilitates experimental validation of active submarine microbial processes at the limit of functional life, about 121 ∘C. Comparisons with the 1979 and 2019 drill cores will provide time-lapse observations of hydrothermal processes over a 50-year timescale. Here, we present the technical design of the observatory and the incubation chamber experiments deployed from September 2017 to summer 2019.
GRACE constraints on Earth rheology of the Barents Sea and
Fennoscandia
Authors: Rovira-Navarro Marc , van der Wal Wouter , Barletta Valentina R. , Root Bart C. , Sandberg Sørensen Louise
Published: June 2019

Abstract. The Barents Sea is situated on a continental margin and was home to a large ice sheet at the Last Glacial Maximum. Studying the solid Earth response to the removal of this ice sheet (Glacial Isostatic Adjustment, GIA) can give insight in the sub-surface structure in this region. However, because the region is currently covered by ocean, uplift measurements from the center of the former ice sheet are not available, but GRACE data has been shown to be able to constrain GIA. Here we analyze GRACE data for the period 2003–2015 in the Barents Sea and use it to constrain a GIA models for the region. We study the effect of uncertainty in non-tidal ocean mass models that are used to correct GRACE data and find that it is not negligible and should be taken into account when studying solid Earth signals in oceanic areas from GRACE. We compare the obtained gravity rates with GIA model predictions for different ice deglaciation chronologies and infer a lower bound for the Earth's upper mantle viscosity of 2·1020 Pa·s. Following a similar procedure for Fennoscandia we find that the preferred upper mantle viscosity there is a factor 2 larger than in the Barents Sea for a range of lithospheric thickness values. This factor is shown to be consistent with the ratio of viscosities derived for both regions from global seismic models. The viscosity difference can serve as constraint for geodynamic models of the area.
SERGANČIŲJŲ 2 TIPO CUKRINIU DIABETU GYVENIMO KOKYBĖ
Authors: Sąlyga Jonas , Mockevičiūtė Justė , Žiliukas Geriuldas
Published: June 2019

Gyvenimo kokybės klausimynai taikomi epidemiologiniuose ir klinikiniuose tyrimuose. Gyvenimo kokybės tyrimas svarbus ir sergantiesiems cukriniu diabetu (CD).

Tyrimo tikslas – išanalizuoti sergančiųjų 2 tipo cukriniu diabetu su sveikata susijusią gyvenimo kokybę. Tyrimo metodika. Atlikta anoniminė pacientų apklausa naudojant specializuotą SF-36 klausimyną. Tyrimas atliktas medicinos įstaigose, teikiančiose antrinio ir tretinio lygio paslaugas. Tyrimo imtis – 68 respondentai. Gauti kiekybiniai duomenys susisteminti ir grafiškai pavaizduoti naudojant aprašomosios ir analitinės statistikos metodus.

Tyrimo rezultatai. Gyvenimo kokybės sričių, susijusių su fizine sveikata, vertinimai priklausė nuo sergančiųjų 2 tipo cukriniu diabetu amžiaus, išsilavinimo ir kūno masės: vyresnio amžiaus asmenys buvo prastesnės sveikatos, mažiau fiziškai aktyvūs, jų veikla labiau apribota dėl fizinių problemų ir skausmo nei jaunesnių; aukštesnio išsilavinimo asmenys savo fizinį aktyvumą vertino geriau nei žemesnio išsilavinimo; turinčių nutukimą tiriamųjų veikla buvo labiau apribota dėl fizinių problemų nei tiriamųjų su normaliu svoriu. Sergančiųjų 2 tipo cukriniu diabetu gyvenimo kokybės sričių, susijusių su psichine sveikata, vertinimams reikšmingos įtakos turėjo amžius, kūno masė, ūmi liga apklausos metu, genetinis paveldėjimas: vyresnio amžiaus asmenys žymiai prasčiau vertino savo energingumą/gyvybingumą, jų veikla buvo labiau apribota dėl emocinių problemų nei jaunesnių; turinčių antsvorį tiriamųjų socialinė funkcija buvo blogesnė; sirgusiųjų ūmia liga veikla dėl emocinių problemų buvo reikšmingai labiau apribota; energingumą/gyvybingumą geriau vertino asmenys, turintys genetinį paveldėjimą. Sergančiųjų 2 tipo cukriniu diabetu informacijos poreikiui apie ligą įtakos turėjo išsilavinimas: tiriamieji su aukštuoju išsilavinimu
reikšmingai daugiau pageidavo žinių apie dietą/mitybą, fizinį aktyvumą nei su žemesniu. Amžius ir lytis žinių poreikiui reikšmingos įtakos neturėjo. Žinių poreikis apie 2 tipo cukrinį diabetą nepriklausė nuo kūno masės, ligos trukmės, genetinio paveldėjimo.
SVEIKATINGUMO PERSPEKTYVOS ILGĖJANT VIDUTINEI TIKĖTINO GYVENIMO TRUKMEI
Authors: Stepukonis Faustas , Martinkėnas Arvydas , Norkienė Sigutė
Published: June 2019

Darbo tikslas. Apžvelgti vidutinės tikėtinos gyvenimo trukmės (toliau – VGT) raidą Lietuvoje, lyginant su kitomis šalimis, nustatyti gyventojų sveikatingumo, sveikatos apsaugos sistemos rodiklių svarbą VGT, prognozuoti tolesnę visuomenių sveikatingumo raidą. Duomenys ir metodai. Tyrime analizuoti 43 pasaulio šalių gyventojų VGT rodiklio sąsajos su kitais demografiniais, gyventojų sveikatingumo, sveikatos apsaugos sistemos rodikliais. Rodiklių duomenys yra 2016 m. arba artimiausi 2016 m. duomenims.

Rezultatai. VGT ilgumas statistiškai labai reikšmingai tiesiogiai siejasi su Sveiko gyvenimo trukme (toliau – SGT). VGT atotrūkis nuo SGT vidutiniškai sudaro 9,3 metus. VGT ilgėjant, šis atotrūkis išlieka panašaus dydžio. Be to, VGT statistiškai labai reikšmingai ilgesnė šalyse, kuriose aukštesni Sveiko gyvenimo trukmės įsivertinimai, kuriose daugiau gyventojų pasižymi labai gera arba gera sveikata bei kuriose vyrų Sveiko gyvenimo metų rodikliai aukštesni. Atlikta analizė rodo, kad kuo šalyse ilgesnė VGT, tuo jose statistiškai labai reikšmingai mažesnė dalis asmenų, kuriems reikia pagalbos atliekant kasdienes ar kitokias namų ūkyje kiekvienam individui būtinas veiklas. Pacientų gydymo trukmė ligoninėse statistiškai nesusijusi su VGT: tiek demografiškai senesnėse, tiek jaunesnėse šalyse pacientai ligoninėse vidutiniškai išbūna 7,4 dienas. VGT statistiškai nesusijusi su gydytojų skaičiumi, tenkančiu 100 tūkst. gyv., tačiau statistiškai labai reikšmingai ilgesnė tose šalyse, kuriose išlaidų sveikatai santykinė dalis didesnė. VGT statistiškai labai trumpesnė šalyse, kuriose didesnis mirtingumas dėl kardiovaskulinių ligų bei savižudybių.

Išvados. Ilgiausios VGT šalių vyresnio amžiaus gyventojai ilgiau išlieka sveiki ir savarankiški, jiems rečiau reikia pagalbos kasdienėse žmonėms įprastinėse veiklose. Šiame laikotarpyje VGT ilgėjmas sietinas su senatvės nutolinimu, didėjančia geros sveikatos būklės asmenų santykine dalimi, senų žmonių slaugos ir priežiūros poreikio mažėjimu. Jei Lietuvoje VGT toliau ilgės kaip pastaraisiais metais, tikėtinos panašios pozityvios perspektyvos jos gyventojų sveikatingumo srityje. Sparčiai tobulėjančios medicinos technologijos turėtų dar padidinti galimybes vyriausio amžiaus žmonėms anksčiau diagnozuoti ligas, jas sėkmingiau išgydyti, ilgiau išsaugoti jų savarankiškumą.
RENAL ARTERY THROMBOEMBOLISM FOLLOWED BY RENAL INFARCTION: A RARE CAUSE OF ACUTE FLANK PAIN, MIMICKING APPENDICITIS
Authors: Šidiškienė Irena , Barauskas Žilvinas , Minkevičiūtė Lina
Published: June 2019

Renal artery thromboembolism (RATE) is a rare and serious condition, that is often hard to diagnose. It is very important for any physician to have in mind this pathology with unexplained flank pain, specially in patients with risk factors for this condition. Renal artery thromboembolism can cause partial or total renal infarction (RI), so early diagnostic and adequate treatment is necessary.Materials and Methods: We present a case report in elderly woman with risk factors for peripheral thromboembolism. A review of articles was done with intention to discuss this case, including common presenting symptoms, risk factors, diagnostic particularities, treatment options and complications, prevention. Conclusions: In a presence of symptoms – localised flank pain, nausea, vomiting and elevated C- reactive protein, white blood cells, creatinine, d- dimers – contrast enhanced CT scan should be performed as soon as possible. Anticoagulation therapy is thought to be the safest treatment strategy. Unfractioned heparine, if possible, can be replaced by low mass weight heparin in order to prevent anticoagulation therapy complications. To prevent embolic complications of AF – warfarine therapy can be replaced by rivaroxaban therapy.
JAUNO IR VIDUTINIO AMŽIAUS LIETUVIŲ APATINIO ŽANDIKAULIO PAMATO TANKIOSIOS KAULINĖS MEDŽIAGOS VERTINIMAS PAGAL RADIOMORFOMETRINĮ SMAKRO ANGOS INDEKSĄ
Authors: Narbutaitė Dominyka , Jagelavičienė Eglė , Ratkevičienė Aistė , Laurinčikas Remigijus , Vaitkevičienė Inga
Published: June 2019

Dėl įvairių faktorių įtakos skeleto kaulų sistemoje vyksta įvairūs pokyčiai. Analizuojant žandikaulių kaulinio audinio morfologinius, kiekybinius ir kokybinius poslinkius odontologijos praktikoje naudojamose panoraminėse radiogramose yra nustatomi radiomorfometriniai indeksai – kaulinio audinio pokyčių diagnostiniai kriterijai. Tyrimo tikslas – nustatyti sąsajas tarp radiomorfometrinio smakro angos indekso, jauno ir vidutinio tiriamųjų amžiaus bei lyties. Medžiaga ir metodai. Tirta 139 individai nuo 20 iki 50 metų, surinkti koduoti anketiniai duomenys, atliktas panoraminis radiografinis tyrimas, vaizdų radiomorfometrinė analizė smakro angos indeksui nustatyti. Statistinei analizei naudota Microsoft Excel 2013 bei SPSS Statistics 22.0 Windows programų paketai. Statistinės hipotezės reikšmingumo lygmuo p=0,05. Rezultatai. Bendros grupės smakro angos indekso vidurkis (SN) 4,07 (0,62). Nenustatyta statistiškai reikšminga priklausomybė tarp indekso ir lyties (p>0,05), tačiau tiriamųjų grupėse pagal indekso reikšmių medianą įrodyta sąsaja tarp indekso ir tiriamųjų amžiaus (p=0,03).

Išvados. Jauno ir vidutinio amžiaus žmonių smakro angos indekso reikšmė su metais didėja, tai vyksta maždaug iki 40 individo gyvenimo metų. Indekso vertės dydžiui reikšmės turi ne individo lytis, o amžius. Bendrai tiriamųjų grupei pagal smakro angos indekso vidurkį osteoporoziniai žandikaulio kaulinio audinio pokyčiai nebuvo įrodyti, panoramines radiogramas rekomenduojama tirti ir vertinti individualiai.
FIZINĖ IR PSICHOEMOCINĖ PACIENTŲ BŪKLĖ PO KARDIOCHIRURGINIŲ INTERVENCIJŲ REABILITACIJOS LAIKOTARPIU
Authors: Laurinskaitė Justina , Kazlauskienė Laimutė , Žiliukas Geriuldas , Majauskytė Dovilė
Published: June 2019

Tyrimo tikslas. Išanalizuoti fizinę ir psichoemocinę pacientų būklę po kardiochirurginių intervencijų reabilitacijos laikotarpiu.

Tyrimo metodika. Tyrimas atliktas reabilitacijos skyriuje. Tyrimo imtį sudarė 122 pacientai, sergantys IŠL, po kardiochirurginių intervencijų. Tirtos dvi grupės: vieną grupę sudarė 61 pacientas, kuriems buvo atliktos AKJO – (operuoti), kitą – 61 pacientas – PKI ir stentavimas – (neoperuoti). Fiziniam pajėgumui vertinti naudotas 6 minučių ėjimo testas, Borgo skalė; nuovargiui – daugiamatis nuovargio inventoriaus (angl. The Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory, MFI-20L) klausimynas; psichoemocinei būklei – Hospitalinė nerimo ir depresijos simptomų skalė (angl. Hospital Anxiety and Depression, HAD). Duomenys apdoroti statistinio paketo (SPSS) 17.0 versija. Tyrimas atliktas laikantis etikos principų.

Rezultatai. Fizinis pajėgumas reabilitacijos pradžioje neoperuotų pacientų grupėje buvo reikšmingai didesnis (p<0,05) nei operuotų, reabilitacijos pabaigoje reikšmingai padidėjo (p<0,001) abiejose grupėse. Dusulio vertinimas abiejose grupėse reikšmingai sumažėjo (p<0,001). Depresijos lygis operuotų grupėje buvo reikšmingai didesnis (p<0,05) nei neoperuotų. Reabiltacijos pabaigoje reikšmingai sumažėjo (p<0,001) visų nuovargio dimensijų vertinimai. Išvada. Taikant reabilitacinį gydymą, po kardiochirurginių intervencijų, pagerėja pacientų fizinė ir psichoemocinė būklė, sumažėja nuovargis, padidėja aktyvumas ir motyvacija.
RIZIKĄ PATIRIANČIŲ ŠEIMŲ SOCIALINIŲ ĮGŪDŽIŲ UGDYMAS – PRIELAIDA SOCIALINEI REABILITACIJAI
Authors: Kuprėnaitė Žydra , Lubienė Jolita , Janaudytė Lina
Published: June 2019

Riziką patiriančioms šeimoms būdingas nesugebėjimas patenkinti emocinių ir fizinių vaiko reikmių, elementariausių socialinių įgūdžių neturėjimas. Tokios šeimos dažnai neturi žinių, kaip prižiūrėti vaiką, nežino, kaip išmokyti jį tvarkos, iškilusių problemų sprendimo, jausmų raiškos, krizių įveikos. Šalia kitų opių šeimų, patiriančių riziką, problemų – vaikų nepriežiūros, apleistumo problemos – ypač aktualios, jų sprendimui būtina skirti ypatingą dėmesį, siekiant šių šeimų socialinės reabilitacijos.
Relation Between Interactive Learning and Prior Knowledge: Insights from a General Education Program of Science and Humanities
Authors: Chan Hin-Yan , Lo Chun-Yeung , Ng Andy Ka-Leung , Cheung Derek Hang-Cheong , Kiang Kai-Ming
Published: June 2019

Possession of prior knowledge has been shown to critically influence students' learning in major courses. Yet the topic remains unexplored in the realm of general education in higher education. The study aims at investigating whether students lacking relevant high school knowledge background could benefit in the two courses, one inclined to science and one inclined to the humanities, in a general education program at a university in Hong Kong. Interactive learning has been intensively practiced in the program to minimize the unfavorable impact brought up by a lack of prior knowledge among students. Data from an entry-exit survey show that a lack of prior knowledge does not limit students' learning in outcomes related to generic cognitive skills and subject matter content in both courses. An interactive learning approach is suggested to have mediated the problem of the lack of prior knowledge in students' subsequent learning in the two general education courses.
Exploring Departmental-Level Fundraising: Relationship-Based Factors Affecting Giving Intention in Arts Higher Education
Authors: Jung Yuha , Lee Min-Young
Published: June 2019

Fundraising for higher education institutions is becoming more important as there is increasingly limited government funding for public education. With shrinking funding, university programs and departments may be expected to raise more income on their own. This study hypothesizes that higher levels of stakeholders’ (students and alumni) knowledge, awareness, involvement, satisfaction, and relationship with the department and its fundraising efforts are positively associated with fundraising success measured in intention to give and likelihood to recommend others to give. By using mixed methods research design and relationship fundraising as a theoretical framework, the study found that satisfaction and relationship are the most significant variables positively affecting giving intention. The qualitative results can explain why these variables matter to stakeholders’ intentions to give. Using a case study approach of examining one university’s arts administration department fundraising practice and its relationship to stakeholders, this research initiates academic and practical discussion on effective fundraising for higher education units.
An Intelligent Dispatch System Operating in a Partially Closed Environment
Authors: Ibhaze Augustus E. , Okakwu Ignatius K. , Akinrelere Ayobami T. , Imoize Agbotiname L.
Published: June 2019

Taxicabs are very important in our daily lives and are reputed to be one of the mostly used forms of transportation. The cab dispatch system was first created to help passengers get through to taxi drivers and make it easier to book reservations. The evolution of cab dispatch system has moved from the ordinary callboxes to computer-aided dispatch system. These solutions were created to help organizations that own fleet of taxis manage and control their operations. Campuses and other partially closed environments also require these solutions but due to their high cost of implementation, they find it quite difficult to deploy and execute. In this paper, a smart dispatch system (SDS) is proposed. The system comprises of software and hardware units. The database and the android application make up the software unit while the microcontroller, the GSM module, and an android device constitute the hardware unit. The microcontroller intelligently reads and makes decisions based on the information received from the android device. The microcontroller also retrieves drivers’ details from a database where all the information about the vehicles and drivers are stored. The GSM module acts as the intermediary between the android device and the microcontroller, and enhances the communication between the microcontroller and other devices. The system makes use of a microcontroller that selects a driver and dispatches it based on the capacity of the vehicle corresponding to the number of passengers in need. Consequently, an android application is built to be used by the clients making the request process much easier. The proposed system reduces human operator intervention, gives the passengers the estimated time for the dispatched cab to arrive at their bus stops thereby satisfying the clients in terms of cost efficiency and improved quality of service.
‘Ik mag doen wat ik moet doen’
Authors: van Onna J.
Published: June 2019

‘Ik mag doen wat ik moet doen’ – Bevindingen en praktijkimplicaties uit een onderzoek naar de criminele ontwikkeling van fraudeurs

Fraude heeft grote maatschappelijke en financiële gevolgen. Toch is over het proces waarlangs en de redenen waarom managers, bestuurders of ondernemers zich inlaten met serieuze vormen van fraude nog relatief weinig bekend. Deze kennislacune omtrent de criminele ontwikkeling van fraudeurs is onderwerp van onderzoek in een recent afgerond proefschrift. In het artikel worden de belangrijkste bevindingen uit het proefschrift en de aanbevelingen voor de handhaving besproken.
Ontological Gaps
Authors: Meijer Michiel ,   DePaul University
Published: June 2019

This essay pursues the development of Charles Taylor’s ontological thought by comparing his—insightful yet neglected—early paper “Ontology” (1959) with his little-known essay “Ethics and Ontology” (2003) and his most matured ontological position in Retrieving Realism (2015). It also puts a spotlight on Taylor’s unusual “interwoven” mode of argumentation in between ethics, phenomenology, and ontology. In so doing, I aim, first, to show Taylor’s remarkable consistency; second, to unravel his hybrid position in between ethics, phenomenology, and ontology; third, to argue for a tension between Taylor’s phenomenological approach to ethics and his claims about ontology; and, fourth, to highlight his ongoing hesitation with regard to ontological inquiry in general and issues of moral realism in particular.
Delivering Literacy: Stork Storytime Promotes Literacy to Expecting Families
Authors: Jordebrek Jennifer
Published: June 2019

My “aha” moment came during a library conference while listening to a session about an early literacy program. Hearing the details about this wonderful program made me suddenly realize that waiting until after a baby arrives to give them board books and share with parents the importance of reading was too late. I had a strong desire to stand up and shout those exact words, “It’s too late!”
Fifty Years Strong: The Coretta Scott King Award and Its Enduring Impact
Authors: McLinn Claudette S.
Published: June 2019

ALSC joins ALA’s Ethnic & Multicultural Information Exchange Round Table (EMIERT), administrators of the Coretta Scott King Book Awards, in celebrating the award’s fiftieth anniversary. The award recognizes outstanding African American authors and artists of children’s books who demonstrate an appreciation of black culture and universal values.
Percepção ambiental sobre a viabilidade da implantação de um sistema de reciclagem de óleo de cozinha no município de Caçador, Santa Catarina, Brasil
Authors: Ferreira de Campos Roger Francisco , Borga Tiago , De Lima Andrei Felipe Nunes
Published: June 2019

O óleo de cozinha usado traz inúmeros problemas para o meio ambiente e põe em risco nossa saúde se descartado incorretamente. Portanto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a percepção ambiental dos moradores do município de Caçador/SC quanto ao processo de gestão dos resíduos de óleo de cozinha nas residências, com a perspectiva da implantação de um programa de reciclagem do óleo de cozinha em biodiesel. O estudo apresenta a viabilidade da implantação de um programa de transformação do resíduo óleo de cozinha em biodiesel, porém para um maior eficiência do sistema é necessário o auxilio de entidades publicas e privadas através da aplicação de educação ambiental para a comunidade.
Planning and development activities in functional regions – the hungarian case
Authors: Perger Éva
Published: June 2019

The paper provides a short overview of the legal and institutional background of functional regions in Hungary, analyses the impact of EU cohesion policy and presents dilemmas concerning the management structures in territorial units crossing administrative borders. The Hungarian case demonstrates that although the need for a place based, territorially sensitive and integrated approach has become one of the most highlighted issues over the last decade, the overall impacts of EU cohesion policy on planning and development activities in functional regions have proved to be controversial. The paper partly relies on the case study of Central Hungary developed in the framework of the ESPON COMPASS project.
Examining the impact of EU cohesion policies aiming to reduce regional and social disparities with examples of policy impacts in Ireland
Authors: Williams Brendan , Varghese Johanna
Published: June 2019

This research describes the evolution of the Irish spatial planning system and explores the impact of EU cohesion policies aiming to reduce regional and social disparities within the European Union with respect to recent developments in Ireland. The changing nature of the Irish planning system is seen as movement from a market or local development led approach towards a more strategic regional and national approach. This trend has in part been influenced by EU policies, directives and initiatives with evidence of both difficulties and successful delivery of some major projects. The discussion is complemented by evidence from two case studies in the transportation area and interviews with key participants in the policy processes. In conclusion the implications of such trends for future planning policy in Ireland and the EU are explored.
  * Bibliografia
The geometric formulas of the Lewis’s law and Aboav-Weaire’s law in two dimensions based on ellipse packing
Authors: Xu Kai
Published: June 2019

The two-dimensional (2D) Lewis’s law and Aboav-Weaire’s law are two simple formulas derived from empirical observations. Numerous attempts have been made to improve the empirical formulas. In this study, we simulated a series of Voronoi diagrams and analyzed the cell topology based on ellipse packing and then given the improved formulas. Specifically, we found that the upper limit of the second moment of edge number is 3. In addition, we derived the geometric formula of the von Neumann-Mullins’s law based on the improved formula of Aboav-Weaire’s law.