bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A trade model to evaluate the impact of trade liberalisation on EU [European Union] tomato imports
Authors: García-Álvarez-Coque J.M. , Martínez-Gómez V. , Villanueva M.
Published: November 2013

The complexity of the Euro-Mediterranean trade liberalisation is difficult to represent in trade models because of the range of instruments still constraining trade as well as the special characteristics of the major traded fruits and vegetables (product differentiation and seasonality). This paper proposes a trade model to assess the impact of trade liberalisation in the fresh tomato market, taking into account trade measures that are defined on a seasonal basis, such as tariff-rate quotas and entry prices. Simulations are carried out in monthly periods. The model considers imports from different sources as imperfect substitutes, following a non-linear Armington-type approach. Different policy scenarios have been run, considering various types of changes in the trade policy for tomatoes, changes that would arise from a new multilateral trade agreement. Model results indicate that, as far as EU producers are concerned, considering tomatoes as a sensitive product would be the less dramatic scenario. By contrast, entry price elimination would have noteworthy consequences on EU producers.
The relationship between product quality and transaction costs with vertical coordination in DOC [Qualified Designation of Origin] Rioja winegrape industry
Authors: Fernández-Olmos M. , Rosell Martínez J. , Espitia-Escuer M.A.
Published: November 2013

This paper analyzes the relationship between product quality and governance mode choice (market mode, hybrid mode or vertical integration) using the results of a survey of 187 qualified appellation of origin (DOC) Rioja wineries. By estimating a generalized ordered logit, it is concluded that wineries that produce high-quality wines are more likely to vertically integrate than are wineries that produce low-quality wines. Consistent with transaction cost economics, evidence is found that asset specificity and uncertainty are important determinants of vertical integration. Finally, the size of the winery is also an important factor that affects governance mode choice in viticulture.
Use of flat plate solar collectors and parabolic trough concentrators for greenhouse soil disinfestation
Authors: Pérez-de-los-Reyes C. , Porras-Soriano A. , Soriano Martín M.L.
Published: November 2013

The aim of the present work was to investigate the use of low and medium temperature active solar energy systems for the disinfestation of greenhouse soils. Four flat plate solar collectors (low-temperature solar thermal energy devices) and six parabolic trough concentrators (medium-temperature solar thermal energy devices) were used to heat water, which, via a buried heat exchange system, was used to heat the soil of greenhouse plots. These treatments were compared to no solar (control) and solarized (using a 50 micro m-thick transparent polyethylene sheet) plots. Experiments performed in the summers of 2004 and 2005 showed that: 1) the temperatures reached and the energy accumulated in the soil - and therefore the disinfestation capacity - were greater with either of the active solar treatments (40-60 deg C and 10.222.438-18.102.054 J, respectively) than with solarization (< 40 deg C and 6.628.760 J, respectively) and 2) the temperatures reached using the parabolic trough concentrators (50-60 deg C) were higher than those achieved with the flat plate solar collectors (40-50 deg C). The soil temperatures reached suggest these systems could be used to disinfest greenhouse soils.
Effect of sodium bicarbonate supplementation on feed intake, digestibility, digesta kinetics, nitrogen balance and ruminal fermentation in young fattening lambs
Authors: Bodas R. , Frutos P. , Giráldez García F.J. , Hervás G. , López S. , López S.
Published: November 2013

Twenty-two Merino lambs (average weight=15.3 kg) were used to study the effects of inclusion of sodium bicarbonate in the concentrate on feed intake, digestibility, rate of passage, nitrogen balance and ruminal fermentation in vivo and in vitro. Lambs were allocated to two experimental groups receiving concentrate and 20 g/kg sodium bicarbonate (group Bic) or concentrate alone (group Control). Both groups received barley straw ad libitum. Faeces and urine were collected for 5 days to estimate digestibility, nitrogen balance and rate of passage. After slaughter (at 25 kg live weight), samples of rumen fluid were collected from each lamb to determine parameters of ruminal fermentation and to be used as inocula for batch cultures of rumen microorganisms. There were no significant differences between treatments (P>0.10) in concentrate intake, dry matter digestibility, nitrogen balance and digesta kinetics. However, straw intake was greater (P
Description of the female of Strongylaspis granigera Bates, 1884 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Prioninae)
Authors: Santos-Silva A. , Esteban Durán J.R.
Published: November 2013

The female of Strongylaspis granigera Bates, 1884 is described for the first time including photographs of the three specimens collected in the Reserva Biológica Alberto Manuel Brenes, San Ramón, Costa Rica. A key based on morphological features is proposed for the known females of this genus.
Combining ability for fiber quality parameters and within-boll yield components in intraspecific and interspecific cotton populations
Authors: Basal H. , Unay A. , Canavar O. , Yavas I.
Published: November 2013

The major problem with the simultaneous improvement of yield with higher fiber quality is the negative association due to the linkage and pleiotropic effects between lint yield components and fiber quality parameters. The objectives of this research were to estimate the general combining ability (GCA) of parents and specific combining abilities (SCA) of hybrids for fiber quality parameters and within-boll yield components, and to determine the association of fiber quality parameters with basic within-boll lint yield components. In this study, eight cotton cultivars and 15 F1 hybrids obtained by crossing five lines and three testers in the line x tester mating system during 2006 were planted in a randomized block design with four replications in 2007. The predominance of non-additive gene action was estimated for all traits except for the upper half mean fiber length (UHM), fiber strength, and seeds per boll, which were controlled by an additive type gene action due to the high GCA variance. Among the parents, 'Askabat-100' and 'Carmen' were the best general combiners for fiber length, strength, and uniformity index (UI). Additionally, 'GW Teks' and 'Sahin-2000' were determined to be good combiners for lint weight per seed (L/S) and spinnable fibers per seed (F/S). The SCA effects showed that the best specific combination was 'Sealand-542' x 'Sahin-2000' and 'TAM 94L-25' x 'SG-125' for lint percentage, L/S, and lint weight unit per seed surface area. The most important fiber quality parameters, UHM, fiber strength, and UI, were negatively associated with the most basic within-boll lint yield components, L/S, and F/S.
Growth characteristics and nutrient content of some herbaceous species under shade and fertilization
Authors: Kyriazopoulos A.P. , Parissi Z.M.
Published: November 2013

Herbage production and nutrient content are affected by light interception and soil fertility. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of artificial shade and fertilization on herbage production, growth characteristics, and nutrient content of the grass species Dactylis glomerata and Festuca ovina, and the legume species Trifolium subterraneum and Medicago lupulina. Each plant species was placed under three shading treatments of 90% (heavy shade), 50% (moderate shade) and 0% (control). Fertilization (225 kg/ha N, 450 kg/ha P, and 225 kg/ha K) was applied to half of the pots of every species and shading treatment. Reduced light intensity (90% shading) significantly lowered herbage production from 18% for F. ovina to 48% for D. glomerata and decreased the root:shoot (R/S) ratio of all species but the moderate reduction of light intensity (50%) did not affect R/S ratio and herbage production of the grasses and M. lupulina, while it resulted in an increase of the production of T. subterraneum by 10.5%. Reduced light intensity increased by 25% on average, the crude protein concentration of the grass species while moderate shading did not affect the crude protein concentration of T. subterraneum. Fertilization increased herbage production from 16% for F. ovina to 59% for D. glomerata and ameliorated its nutrient content. Among the tested species, D. glomerata and T. subterraneum demonstrated the highest shade tolerance and could be incorporated into silvopastoral systems of the Mediterranean region.
Oxygen enrichment of nutrient solution of substrate-grown vegetable crops under Mediterranean greenhouse conditions: oxygen content dynamics and crop response
Authors: Bonachela S. , Acuña R. A. , Magan J. J. , Marfa O.
Published: November 2013

This work assessed the seasonal dynamics of the substrate oxygen content and the response to oxygen enrichment of nutrient solution (oxyfertigation) of autumn-winter sweet pepper and spring melon crops grown on rockwool slabs (2003/04 season) and perlite grow-bags (2004/05), compared to non-enriched crops. Dissolved Oxygen (DO) values in the nutrient solution were higher for all the oxygen enriched treatments (>20 mg L-1) than for the non-enriched ones (~4 mg L-1), but no significant differences were found in the substrate solution. For pepper crops, DO values were highest at the onset and, especially, at the end of the cycle in winter, while the lowest DO values (3 to 4 mg L-1) occurred during September and October. For melon, DO values decreased progressively from the onset of the cycles to values ≤3 mg L-1 during the second half of the cycles. For pepper crops, there were no significant differences between oxygen treatments for fruit production, which could be attributed to the fact that DO values were >3 mg L-1 throughout each crop cycle. However, a significant 7% increase in total and marketable yield, associated with a higher fruit number, was observed for the oxygen enriched melon grown on rockwool slabs, whereas no significant differences were found for the melon grown on perlite grow-bags. In conclusion, the use of inexpensive systems of substrate oxygen enrichment should be restricted to rockwool substrates and to crop periods when a high oxygen demand coincides with low oxygen availability, such as the period from melon flowering phase.
Re-introduction success of an autochthonous plant species, Periploca angustifolia, in the Natural Reserve of Oued Dekouk, Tunisia
Authors: Ennajeh M. , Cochard H. , Khemira H.
Published: November 2013

The study evaluates the regeneration success of an autochthonous plant species, Periploca angustifolia Labill. (periploque), using spontaneous (pre-existing) and transplanted (re-introduced from a nursery) plants in the Natural Reserve of Oued Dekouk, southern Tunisia. We compared the growth status of both types of shrubs using morphological and ecophysiological parameters. The results show that spontaneous periploque was more vigorous and appears more adapted to aridity than transplanted periploque. Indeed, spontaneous shrubs have higher growth rates than transplanted ones. They also had higher leaf water potentials, indicating excellent plant water status recovery, and elevated photosynthetic assimilation rate. The better growth of spontaneous shrubs seems to be due to the efficacy of its aridity adaptive mechanisms. They limit water loss through a low leaf area and stomatal density and an efficient stomatal function. Furthermore, spontaneous plants have an efficient water-conducting system less vulnerable to embolism. Transplanted plants may have a less developed root system limiting their ability to absorb soil moisture. The present study indicates that the re-establishment of endangered plant species into areas with limited rainfall maybe more feasible by direct seeding or self regeneration, despite its slowness, than by the hardy and costly transplantation-technique.
Determination of mineral elements in fresh olive fruits by flame atomic spectrometry
Authors: Fernandez-Hernandez A. , Mateos R. , Garcia-Mesa J. A. , Beltran G. , Fernandez-Escobar R.
Published: November 2013

The mineral element characterisation of olive fruits is acquiring interest to evaluate the link between their nutritional status and the olive oil quality. A method for the analysis of mineral elements in fresh olive fruits is proposed. The presence of mineral elements such as potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, copper, iron, and manganese in olive fruits was quantified by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The limits of quantification were (expressed in mg kg-1 of dry weight) 1.266, 1.569, 0.272, 0.172, 0.268, 0.316, 1.017 and 0.513 for K, Na, Ca, Mg, Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn, respectively. For all of the mineral elements the precision of the instrumental method was 98% for all of the added concentrations, indicating no noticeable interference of the matrix. Finally, the mineral composition of green olive fruits of different cultivars, ‘Arbequina’, ‘Picual’, ‘Hojiblanca’, ‘Frantoio’, and ‘Bella de España’ were monitored. The levels of the evaluated mineral elements were within the working range established. The results showed the method is a robust, reliable, and simple analytical procedure for the mineral element characterisation of olive fruit.
Physical and phytochemical profile of wild and domesticated carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) genotypes
Authors: Gubbuk H. , Kafkas E. , Guven D. , Gunes E.
Published: November 2013

One wild and two domesticated (‘Etli’ and ’Sisam‘) carob genotypes grown in Antalya, Turkey were assessed for their physical and chemical properties in a comparative study. In most physical pod traits, the domesticated genotypes had higher values than those found in the wild genotype. On the other hand, physical seed traits such as average number of seed and seed to husk ratio had higher values in the wild genotype compared with the domesticated genotypes. Soluble solid content and the content of fructose, glucose and sucrose of the domesticated genotypes were higher than those found in the wild genotype. The levels of sucrose were found to be the highest compared with all the other sugars, in all genotypes. The N and K concentrations in the husk of the wild genotype were higher than that found in domesticated genotypes. The content of macro and micro nutrients in the seeds were quite similar among all the genotypes. The most abundant fatty acids were the methyl-esters of oleic acid (C18:1), linoleic acid (C18:2n6), palmitic acid (16:0) and stearic acid (C18:0). The husk of the wild genotype contained higher concentrations of mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids compared with that of the domesticated genotypes. Fat concentration and fatty acid composition are the first reported in this paper. Our results suggest that ‘Etli’ and ‘Sisam’ are advantageous over the wild type regarding pod properties, while the wild genotype was found to be better regarding seed properties.
Evaluation of traditional grain store buildings (hórreos) in Galicia (NW Spain): analysis of outdoor/indoor temperature and humidity relationships
Authors: Perez-Garcia O. A. , Carreira X. C. , Carral E. , Fernandez M. E. , Mariño R. A.
Published: November 2013

Hórreos are traditional rural buildings of northern Spain used for desiccation and conservation of cereal grains. They provide natural ventilation, an unfavourable environment to discourage attack by biotic agents (e.g., fungi and insects) and prevent access by others, such as rodents. The objective of this paper was to study the environmental conditions of the Mondoñedo type of hórreos (north coastal area of Galicia, northwestern Spain). They are built of wood and stone, with a prismatic grain chamber isolated from the ground and with ventilation openings on the side walls. In three hórreos, over a period of one month, the temperature (T) and relative humidity (RH) of the indoor and outdoor air were measured throughout the day. Maximum and minimum values during three periods (night, morning and afternoon) and at three specific times (9:00, 14:00 and 21:00) were analysed. It was noted that hórreos had a dampening effect on RH. When the outdoor humidity was ≥90%, the indoor humidity was on average 5.2% lower. If the outdoor humidity was ≤65%, the indoor humidity was on average 3.2% higher. When it was around 75%, this effect was at its smallest. This effect was not as remarkable for T. It is concluded that RH and, to a lesser extent, T remain more stable in the hórreo than outdoors, providing an appropriate environment for the preservation of grain. Other characteristics (i.e., geographical location, topographic altitude, exposure to the wind and longitudinal axis direction) appear to influence the amount of change experienced by these parameters.
Short communication. The effect of oestrus at slaughter on carcass and meat quality of gilts intended for dry-cured ham production
Authors: Calvo S. , Ripoll G. , Rodriguez-Sanchez J. A. , Latorre M. A.
Published: November 2013

On the day previous to slaughter, a total of 467 Duroc × (Landrace × Large White) gilts with approximately 130 kg body weight and 242 ± 3 days of age intended for Teruel ham production were observed to detect oestrus. The behavioural manifestations described in the literature were used for this. A total of 24 gilts were positively detected and individually identified (O gilts). From the same gilts observed, a total of 24 that clearly did not manifest oestrus were also individually identified (NO gilts). Therefore, a total of 48 gilts were used to study the effect of the presence of oestrus at slaughter on carcass and meat quality. No carcass characteristics were affected by oestrus at slaughter. However, all the carcasses (100%) from NO gilts were suitable for cured ham while 12.5% of carcasses from O gilts were not suitable because of the lack of the minimum backfat thickness required (16 mm) (p=0.09). The influence of oestrus at slaughter on meat characteristics was scarce. Under our experimental conditions, it can be concluded that avoiding the slaughter of gilts in oestrus might be recommendable when a minimum covering fat in carcass is needed to improve the quality of the end product. However, new trials would be needed to confirm this.
Consumers’ preferences for meat of Cabrito Transmontano. Effects of sex and carcass weight
Authors: Rodrigues S. , Teixeira A.
Published: November 2013

The main purpose of this work is the study of consumers’ preferences of « Cabrito Transmontano», a meat product with POD (Protected Origin Designation) label. The effects of sex and carcass weight were studied. Variables of taste, texture, juiciness and overall acceptability were evaluated on 60 animals grouped by sex and carcass weight in 6 different groups. A trained taste panel established some sensory characteristics of the meat. Sensory preference of meat was evaluated by a consumers’ panel. Consumers’ panel preferred lighter carcasses, in all sensory variables studied, and showed no marked preference by any sex. The results indicate that the Breed Association should sell young animals to produce light carcasses according to consumer preferences. This can be a good way to reduce production costs, because these animals have to be fed just for a short period with their mothers’ milk, and do not compete long time with the milk production, fundamental to produce cheese also another product with protected origin label, they also tend to reach a higher market price.
Short communication. Effect of housing system during the finishing period on growth performance and quality fat of Iberian pigs
Authors: Daza A. , Esteban M. , De Mercado E. , Gomez E.
Published: November 2013

The objective of this experiment was to study the effect of housing system during the finishing period on growth performance and fat quality of Iberian pigs. Thirty barrows were used. During the finishing period, sixteen pigs were reared indoor and fourten pigs were reared outdoor in paddocks. The pigs housed in outdoor paddocks had higher ( p = 0.0001) feed average daily intake than those housed reared indoor and tended (p = 0.087) to show a worse feed efficiency. The C12:0 and C20:0 proportions in subcutaneous backfat from the pigs housed in outdoor paddocks were lower than those from the pigs housed reared indoor, whereas C17:0, C17:1 and C20:1 proportions tended (p = 0.09) to be lower. However, C18:1 n-9 and C18:3 n-3 proportions and C18:1 n-9/C18:0 ratio tended (p = 0.10) to be higher in the outdoor pigs than in the indoor pigs. In intramuscular fat from Longissimus dorsi muscle the C18:3 n-3 proportion tended (p = 0.07) to be higher in outdoor pigs than in indoor pigs. It is concluded that the finishing period of Iberian pigs in outdoor paddocks has a negative effect on feed conversion ratio but may improve the fat quality.
Microsatellite marker-based genetic variability in Spanish rice cultivars and landraces
Authors: Wankhade S. D. , Cornejo M. J. , Mateu-Andres I.
Published: November 2013

The genetic relationships among japonica rice cultivars and landraces were studied. Most of them are of Spanish origin, and were developed and cultivated for varying time periods over more than a century. To uncover genetic diversity within each cultivar, we analysed 30 plants per cultivar or accession using 10 fluorescently labelled primer pairs for SSR markers. Six cultivars were included in the study, with accessions from four different regions of Spain of the traditional cultivar Bomba. A total of 37 alleles were detected with a mean of 3.7 alleles per locus. Polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0 to 0.78 with an average of 0.51 per locus. Genetic diversity for cvs. Albufera, Bahia, Taipei 309 and Jsendra ranged between 0.008 and 0.062. Cultivar Bomba accessions displayed higher number of alleles and genetic diversity, with Tarragona the lowest (0.08) and Valencia the highest (0.16) genetic diversity. Although infrequent, some heterozygous individuals were detected in cvs. Bomba, Bahia and Taipei 309. Cluster analysis enabled to categorize four accessions of cv. Bomba and cv. Albufera in one group and cvs. Bahia, Taipei 309, Jsendra and Senia in a second group supporting previously known relationships among varieties. These results show the utility of SSR markers for characterization of rice cultivars. In addition, the use of high number of individuals per cultivar, enabled to evaluate both inter- and intra-varietal genetic diversity. Therefore, this investigation should be useful in rice breeding programmes for genotype identification and for the evaluation of germplasm purity.
Characterization and use of a vegetable waste vermicompost as an alternative component in substrates for horticultural seedbeds
Authors: Melgar-Ramirez R. , Pascual-Alex M. I.
Published: November 2013

This experiment was designed to characterize the physical and chemical properties of six crop’s media obtained by mixing different percentages (v/v) of peat, perlite, coconut coir dust, and vermicompost (end-product of the breakdown of organic matter of crop residues mixed with re-used coconut coir dust by Eisenia fetida) and to evaluate the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv. cumquat) seedling growth in this media. The treatments were: T1 (75% peat and 25% perlite), T2 (25% peat, 25% coconut coir dust, 25% vermicompost and 25% perlite), T3 (50% peat, 25% vermicompost and 25% perlite), T4 (25% peat, 50% vermicompost and 25% perlite), T5 (50% coconut coir dust, 25% vermicompost and 25% perlite), T6 (25% coconut coir dust, 50% vermicompost and 25% perlite). The electrical conductivity, pH, bulk density and water-soluble elements, contained in the substrate, increased with increasing amounts of vermicompost in the substrate, whereas the total porosity, easily available water and total water holding capacity decreased significantly with increasing amounts of vermicompost. Stem length and leaf area of tomato seedlings were higher in the substrate without vermicompost (T1) but no significant differences were found between substrates with vermicompost. No significant difference was found in the production of roots dry weight in all treatments; this is a very important result, because good quality of root system is the main goal in seedbeds. There are not clear relationships between the increase of vermicompost in mixtures and nutrient contents in stems and leaves.
Analysis of available capitals in agricultural systems in rural communities: the case of Saraguro, Ecuador
Authors: Barrera-Mosquera V. , De los Rios-Carmenado I. , Cruz-Collaguazo E. , Coronel-Becerra J.
Published: November 2013

This paper presents the application of a new methodology for the analysis and appraisal of capitals available in rural community farming systems in research, technological development and innovation (R&D&Ti) projects. The methodology is based on participatory processes in the appraisal of capitals and includes the following: a) analysis of objectives and classification by capital; b) design of variables and indicators; c) information collection and systemization; d) appraisal of indexes of community capitals; and e) analysis of capital indexes. The analysis was conducted in 19 communities in the Saraguro canton. These communities participated in an R&D&Ti project, which lasted for 14 years and is based on the Farming Systems Approach to Research. This application explains, for the first time in this region, the advantages of applying methods for appraising capitals available in community farming systems, considering the different dimensions that should be included in the implementation of the R&D&Ti projects for development. The principal contribution is based on the indexes of capitals and the appraisal that integrates information from the rural communities and their social preferences, using participative techniques in Farming Systems Research and in the processes of evaluation.
Effects of vermicompost as a potting amendment of two commercially-grown ornamental plant species
Authors: Lazcano C. , Dominguez J.
Published: November 2013

We evaluated the feasibility of incorporating vermicompost as a potting amendment into a commercial ornamental production system. Pansies (Viola × wittrockiana subsp. Delta) and primulas (Primula acaulis subsp. Oriental) were grown in peat-based conventional greenhouse medium substituted with 5%, 15% and 25% (v/v) commercial and pig slurry vermicompost. Vegetative growth and flowering were evaluated and compared to plants grown with 0% vermicompost. We observed a general reduction of growth in both species with increasing concentrations of commercial and pig slurry vermicompost. The highest percentage of vermicompost (25%) showed 20% of plant mortality, high levels of stress and damage to the photosynthetic apparatus, as well as a significant reduction in the number and biomass of leaves and in flower production. Most likely, the increase in electrical conductivity and pH interacted synergistically with the decrease in air space produced after the application of vermicompost and were magnified under sub-irrigation, causing the observed effects on plant growth. Therefore the cultivation system must be taken into account when incorporating vermicompost as a growing media constituent in commercial conditions.
Impact of payment methods on professional equity of physicians
Authors: Peña-Sánchez Juan Nicolás , Lepnurm Rein , Dobson Roy T. , Keegan David
Published: November 2013

Background: Professional equity, evaluation of own contributions and received rewards compared to contributions and rewards of other physicians has not been assessed according to payment methods. The aim of this study is to compare levels of professional equity among physicians paid by fee-for-service (FFS), alternative payment plans (APPs), and blended schemes. Methods: In 2011, medical practitioners in the Saskatoon Health Region, Saskatchewan, were surveyed using a questionnaire developed for physicians to measure professional equity. Intangible rewards were measured by the dimensions of fulfilment and recognition, and tangible rewards by the dimension of income. The three-dimensional structure of the questionnaire was first corroborated through a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Analyses of variances were then performed to account for differences in the levels of professional equity. A linear regression model predicting levels of professional equity was used to test the interaction between specialty and payment method, controlling by number of patients, gender, and age group. Results: In total, 382 (48.1%) physicians participated: 35.6% were family/general practitioners (FPs); 61% were clinical/surgical specialists; and, 3.4% were pathologists. The internal structure of the questionnaire was confirmed by the CFA. Physicians paid by FFS perceived lower professional equity than those paid by APP (p = .005). Practitioners under APPs reported higher levels of income (p = .03) and recognition (p = .001) equity than those with FFS. FPs perceived lower fulfilment (p = .003) and income (p = .008) equity compared to medical-surgical specialists. Furthermore, controlling by number of patients seen per week, higher levels of professional equity are predicted among FPs paid by APPs and blended schemes in comparison to FPs paid by FFS. Conclusions: Higher levels of professional equity were perceived among physicians paid by APPs in comparison to those paid by FFS. Physicians paid by APPs considered that they are receiving fair economic rewards and appropriate recognition. In addition, enhanced levels of professional equity could be predicted among FPs with APPs and blended schemes. APPs could be explored to improve the professional equity of FPs and, indirectly, promote improved primary health care.
A trajetória da industrialização no Brasil: pensamento industrialista, modernização e a formação da ossatura do Estado.
Authors: Aquino Arthur de
Published: November 2013

Esse texto trata da consolidação do projeto industrialista juntamente com a formação da ossatura do Estado brasileiro. A liderança de Simonsen caracteriza um momento “sui generis” na formação de uma consciência corporativa de classe entre os industriais, uma vez que esses superam o imediatismo conjuntural de suas demandas, em direção a elaboração ideológica de um projeto alternativo possível, rumo ao desenvolvimento econômico. O segmento industrialista aparece como produto histórico de uma contradição gerada dentro do complexo cafeeiro exportador; historicamente, portanto, o café gerou o seu contrário, a indústria. A preocupação central aqui consiste na consolidação da ideologia industrialista e sua passagem à projeto nacional frente à hegemonia do café, e cujo eixo argumentativo orbitou a “questão nacional” e a questão da modernização.
Mito musicado e música mítica: uma perspectiva antropológica da obra de Richard Wagner
Authors: Duran Maria Raquel da Cruz
Published: November 2013

Propõe-se um estudo sobre as relações entre música, sociedade e mito na obra de Richard Wagner, destacando a importância do mito e da música como linguagens de interpretação da cultura e a difusão que a obra wagneriana proporcionou à mitologia germânica na cultura ocidental. Destarte, menciona o antropólogo Anthony Seeger, interpretamos a música como um elemento-chave do processo de construção do mundo social e conceptual, sendo o estudo da performance, uma análise figurativa da vida social. Embora coexistam diversas ideologias em cada mito, alvitra-se uma discussão a respeito dos subsídios que a ópera Tristão e Isolda, em especial, conferiu à ideia de mito, inserindo-se aqui valores percebidos tanto na sociedade do século XIX quanto na atual.
Mudança de valores e tolerância entre os brasileiros
Authors: Ribeiro Ednaldo Aparecido
Published: November 2013

Ronald Inglehart, dentre outros pesquisadores, tem defendido que a emergência de valores pós-materialistas em nível mundial estaria sendo acompanhada de uma postura mais tolerantes em relação à grupos minoritários e vítimas de preconceito. Ainda que testada satisfatoriamente no contexto das nações pós-industriais, essa hipótese não pode ser imediatamente transposta para países em desenvolvimento e materialmente não resolvidos, como os latino-americanos. O presente trabalho pretende contribuir para esse debate apresentando resultados de testes empíricos sobre essa suposta associação no contexto brasileiro. Utilizando dados produzidos pela Pesquisa Mundial de Valores, adicionalmente expomos um quadro sintético da evolução de alguns indicadores sobre o tema da tolerância, bem como situamos o público nacional no cenário latino-americano.
Gradual e não linear: a afirmação dos Direitos Humanos no mundo
Authors: Zaidan Tiago Eloy
Published: November 2013

Resenha: MONDAINI, Marco. Direitos humanos. São Paulo: Contexto, 2008.
Universalismo vs. relativismo cultural: uma batalha pela definição de direitos humanos e discriminação
Authors: Boco Rita , Bulanikia Gisela
Published: November 2013

Através de um percurso histórico, traçamos a construção do conceito de Direitos Humanos e o contexto sócio-histórico em que foi produzido, abordando-o através da dicotomia relativismo cultural/universalismo e das ideologias que os orientam. A desigualdade e a vulnerabilidade de amplos setores sociais no contexto global ensejam a construção de estereótipos discriminatórios que se baseiam nas diferenças manifestadas nas condições econômicas e culturais. Aprofundando nas tensões entre o particular/universal questiona os significados que foram impostos pelo setor hegemônico e as classificações que ele produz.
Debate redistribuição e reconhecimento: em direção a um fiminismo mais moderno de oposição
Authors: Pilar Rodríguez María del , Horacio Rubio Ricardo
Published: November 2013

Fortes críticas foram formuladas desde a tradição marxista tanto ao desconstrucionismo derridiano quanto às posições pós-modernistas por considerá-las preocupadas apenas com questões relacionadas às diferenças, esquecendo aquelas relacionadas às desigualdades socioeconômicas. No entanto, muito do feminismo crítico se baseou em tais teorias para apoiar seus argumentos. Tanto a relevância dessas críticas quanto a incidência particular do desconstrucionismo e do pós-modernismo na teoria e na práxis feministas são analisadas à luz de dois debates atuais. A primeira, em torno do potencial político das posições desconstrucionistas e pós-modernistas e a segunda, referia-se à suposta antinomia entre redistribuição socioeconômica e reconhecimento cultural das diferenças. A abordagem proposta permite recolocar a análise em um horizonte de compreensão muito mais amplo e abrangente.
As contribuições da teoria do reconhecimento no entendimento das lutas sociais de mulheres em condições de extrema pobreza
Authors: Schulz Rosangela
Published: November 2013

A proposta deste artigo é discutir as contribuições da teoria do reconhecimento desenvolvidas por Axel Honneth para o entendimento das lutas sociais nos centros urbanos do Brasil, relacionando a teoria com dados da pesquisa que investigou lideranças femininas em associações de geração de trabalho e renda na cidade de Porto Alegre. O artigo está dividido em três partes: sucinta exposição do modelo relacionando-o aos dados empíricos; discussão de dois pontos centrais do debate: a (re)distribuição e a ausência do político. Por fim, as considerações, destacando a relevância dos escritos e a necessidade de debater com maior profundidade algumas problemáticas.
Classe, política e conflito social no capitalismo: a contribuição de Ralf Dahrendorf
Authors: Dias Junior Antonio Carlos
Published: November 2013

Neste artigo analisamos criticamente a construção do filósofo e sociólogo germano-inglês Ralf Dahrendorf (1929-2009) sobre o conflito social e sua institucionalização (regulação) na sociedade capitalista, bem como seus desdobramentos sociais e políticos "pós" modelos marxistas. A teorização dahrendorfiana a este respeito representa uma resposta teórica e proto-filosófica aos sistemas que o autor considerava fechados e utópicos, de T. Parsons e K. Marx. O modelo mais adequado às sociedades "pós-capitalistas" é, para Dahrendorf, aquele em que o conflito social é força motriz, enquanto conflito ubíquo e pautado em termos de autoridade, e não somente no antagonismo entre burgueses e proletários.
Ler Marx, hoje: um programa de pesquisa e de interpretação
Authors: Codato Adriano , Perissinotto Renato
Published: November 2013

Apresentamos um projeto de leitura e de interpretação dos textos de Marx sobre a política francesa. O propósito mais amplo que inspira esse projeto é o desejo de tomar o pensamento de Marx como uma ciência social normal, em dois sentidos bem precisos: como um tipo de conhecimento científico, e não uma teoria normativa e/ou uma visão social de mundo; e como um gênero interpretativo, que consiste em conectar as ações e instituições políticas à sua dimensão social. Essa postura implica necessariamente uma compreensão diferente dos escritos de Marx, mais interessada em suas operações analíticas do que na monumental parafernália teórica sobre a qual elas se apoiam. Essas operações analíticas podem (ou não) ajudar a formular estratégias intelectuais para conectar microevidências à macroteoria e propor conceitos de médio alcance para colaborar na pesquisa social. Só assim os estudos marxistas conseguirão deixar de ser o que frequentemente tem sido: ilustração de teoria.
Capital social e orçamento participativo: uma revisão crítica de alguns autores
Authors: Bodart Cristiano das Neves
Published: November 2013

O presente artigo busca discutir os possíveis impactos do capital social sobre a prática do Orçamento Participativo (OP). Embora a literatura tenha buscado enfocar os benefícios da ampliação do estoque de capital social (CS), objetivamos aqui apontar seus possíveis constrangimentos. Foram identificadas diversas possibilidades de geração de capital social negativo, as quais podem provocar, por meio da prática do OP, a manutenção das desigualdades sócio-espaciais, o desestímulo à participação, práticas clientelísticas, antagonismo de grupos, despolitização do processo de decisão, monopólio de grupos, a exclusão ou a auto-exclusão dos indivíduos em tal prática, e outros constrangimentos apresentados neste artigo. Não objetivamos anular o mérito do OP, muito menos do capital social, apenas procuramos demonstrar que este é composto por duas faces opostas.
Concepção da antropologia filosófica no século XX: de Sartre e Gramsci a Abbagnano
Authors: Szabo Tibor
Published: November 2013

Neste artigo, examina-se o papel do homem como sujeito histórico na transformação da sociedade, colocando-se em evidência as semelhanças e diferenças entre as concepções de sujeito histórico em Sartre, Gramsci e Abbagnano. A referência a Lukcás é tomada para fazer a crítica da inumanidade cruel dos regimes totalitários, presente na leitura heidggeriana de caráter “humanista”. Sustenta-se a necessidade do resgatar a concepção de Lukcás do homem como sujeito histórico da sociedade e conclui-se indagando se, no mundo globalizado, seriam as ONGIs as que poderiam ocupar o papel que tiveram os sujeitos históricos.
Pós-Marxismo e arte: sobre um relacionamento possível entre arte e política no contexto social contemporâneo
Authors: Cavalcanti Raíza
Published: November 2013

Resenha do livro: MOUFFE, Chantal. Prácticas artísticas y democracia agonística. Espanha: Museu d'Art Contemporani de Barcelona, 2007.
Os limites do discurso
Authors: Triana Bruna Nunes da Costa , Oliveira Lucas Amaral de
Published: November 2013

Resenha do livro:  BUTLER, Judith. Vida Precaria: el poder del duelo y la violencia. Buenos Aires: Paidós,
Representação e imperialismo em Edward Said
Authors: Carvalho Bruno Sciberras de
Published: November 2013

Com base na suposição de que a cultura e as identidades envolvem um processo construído politicamente, discute-se a importância das concepções de representação e imperialismo na obra de Edward Said. O artigo analisa duas propostas gerais do autor. Primeiramente, a tese da centralidade da dimensão cultural nas relações políticas, o que acarreta a revisão de postulados que tomam a cultura ou como mero reflexo de um fenômeno tido por essencial ou como esfera isolada das práticas de poder. Em segundo lugar, examina-se como a concepção de imperialismo do autor serve para se notar formas de identificação que mantêm estruturas de autoridade e hegemonia que, não obstante, podem ser desafiadas por processos de resistência. Por fim, debate-se a validez do caráter aberto da teoria política de Said, que supõe tanto o poder das representações quanto uma ação de contestação política.
Dilemas e hesitações da modernidade tardia e a emergência da sociedade de controle
Authors: Souza Luís Antônio Francisco de
Published: November 2013

Pretende-se destacar os pontos fundamentais da discussão teórica sobre modernidade tardia. Autores como Giddens, Beck, Bauman, Sennett e Garland têm se debruçado nas últimas duas décadas sobre a caracterização social, histórica e teórica da modernidade nas sociedades ocidentais avançadas. Esta discussão, embora indispensável, não permite compreender os problemas desta nova etapa do capitalismo ocidental em termos de sua dimensão técnica e de controle social. O artigo argumenta favoravelmente à incorporação da analítica do poder de Michel Foucault e aponta sua atualidade e potencialidades. Este autor renovou as possibilidades teóricas das ciências humanas ao criticar uma visão naturalizada da história e dos acontecimentos históricos. A influência de sua obra, uma analítica da modernidade, pode ser observada no debate em torno da crise da modernidade e da emergência da sociedade de controle. Ao mesmo tempo, seu trabalho ajuda a compreender os principais dilemas e hesitações das sociedades contemporâneas.
Para além da deliberação? apontamentos sobre a normatividade da teoria pós-estruturalista da democracia radical
Authors: Mendonça Daniel de
Published: November 2013

O presente artigo tem por objetivo apresentar e discutir – no âmbito das teorias pós-estruturalistas da democracia radical, sobretudo aquelas identificadas com a “teoria do discurso da Escola de Essex” – o recente esforço no sentido de reduzir o que os próprios autores admitem ser um déficit normativo em relação a suas discussões contemporâneas acerca da democracia. Mais concretamente, este trabalho tem como foco dois modelos político-normativos que têm sido levados a efeito a partir desta tradição teórica, mormente os trabalhos de Chantal Mouffe e de Aletta Norval. O intuito é apontar os eventuais avanços obtidos pela vertente pós-estruturalista, modelo teórico alternativo ao enfoque deliberativo no debate democrático contemporâneo.
Delimitação de área de proteção das águas subterrâneas no município de Capivari (SP)
Authors: Mara Akie IRITANI , Geraldo Hideo ODA , Sibele EZAKI , VARNIER Cláudia Luciana
Published: November 2013

O Sistema Aqüífero Tubarão é a principal unidade aqüífera do Município de Capivari e fornece aproximadamente 63,7% do total de água captada para o abastecimento público. Trata-se de um aqüífero extremamente heterogêneo, descontínuo, com produtividade variável. Ele vem sendo explorado de forma intensiva, evidenciada pelo rebaixamento da superfície potenciométrica em função do aumento do número de poços na área urbana nas últimas décadas. Este cenário motivou a elaboração de um diagnóstico do potencial hidrogeológico no Município de Capivari, resultando na identificação das áreas com maior produtividade e áreas onde ocorre maior explotação. O estudo culminou com a proposição e delimitação de áreas de proteção do aqüífero, que subsidiarão a formulação de uma legislação municipal para a exploração e proteção da água subterrânea.
Levantamento gravimétrico na região do Alto Estrutural de Pitanga
Authors: FERNANDES Mariana Aparecida , FRIES Maximilian , MALAGUTTI FILHO Walter
Published: November 2013

O levantamento gravimétrico regional e o conhecimento geológico e estruturalprévio da área do Alto Estrutural de Pitanga, situado na porção centro-leste do Estadode São Paulo, forneceram informações essenciais para formular hipóteses, criar, confirmar e/ou refinar modelos propostos sobre a evolução da área. Os resultados permitiram identificar assinaturas gravimétricas lineares de direções preferenciais NW-SE,possivelmente associadas a zonas de fraqueza preexistentes no embasamento. Feições lineares de menor extensão, de direções NE-SW, E-W e N-S, são correlacionadas às reativações mais recentes ocorridas na bacia. A modelagem dos valores observadosestá em conformidade com o arcabouço lito-estrutural. A aplicação do método DGPS (Differential Global Positioning System) mostrou-se uma ferramenta importante para a melhor precisão dos dados.
Aplicação de rejeito argiloso de uma mineração de areia industrial como matéria-prima na indústria cerâmica
Authors: CHRISTOFOLETTI Sergio Ricardo , MASSON Marcos Roberto
Published: November 2013

O reaproveitamento de rejeitos argilosos provenientes da mineração de areia industrial da Formação Pirambóia representa uma opção na diminuição dos impactos ambientais gerados pela sua disposição em tanques de decantação. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo testar a aplicação destes rejeitos na confecção de produtos cerâmicos. Com este intuito, foi feita a caracterização química e mineralógica, bem como ensaios cerâmicos, de amostras provenientes dos espessadores e dos tanques de decantação de uma mineração de areia da região de Analândia (SP). As amostras dos espessadores apresentam características homogêneas, alta plasticidade e presença dominante do argilomineral caulinita. Já as amostras do tanque de decantação são mais heterogêneas, silicosas e menos plásticas. Para a produção de blocos, as argilas dos espessadores mostraram-se mais adequadas por apresentarem características homogêneas, facilitando a extrusão e reduzindo os defeitos dimensionais das peças, proporcionando assim um produto final de qualidade.
Basic Eligibility: Threshold or Fork in the Road to Higher Education?
Authors: Andersson Per
Published: November 2013

Sweden has a two-step selection process for admission to higher education. Eligibility is assessed to ensure that the candidates have the ability to take the course/programme. Selections are made based in part on other measures. The focus here is eligibility, particularly the 25:4 scheme, a measure introduced to widen access to higher education in the 1970s but since abandoned. An age of 25 and 4 years of work experience were the main criteria of basic eligibility under this scheme. This exploratory study identifies the characteristics of 25:4 applicants and compares them to applicants with other types of eligibility and comparable groups in the population. What were the characteristics of 25:4 applicants? In what ways did they differ from other applicants and from the population in general? Results illustrate the scheme's influence, which was stronger on application patterns and weaker on the admission patterns of traditional and non-traditional applicants/students.
Status of harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) in the Baltic proper
Authors: Härkönen Tero , Isakson Erik
Published: November 2013

The small population of harbour seals in the Baltic proper descend from seals that entered into the Baltic some 8,000 years ago. They form a genetically separate population with private alleles not present elsewhere. They were hunted close to extinction in the beginning of the 20th century and experienced a severe bottle-neck with perhaps only ten reproductive females in the 1970s. Protective measures and reduction of xenobiotic substances have improved the situation, and the hauled-out moulting population size was 588 in 2008, and about 100 pups have been born annually during the past few years. The protective measures in the form of banned hunting and establishment of protected areas will suffice to allow the population to grow, but the population will not reach favourable conservation status within foreseeable future.