bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reconstruction of the Waqf Pledge as a Juridical Acronym for Expert Waqf Dispute Resolution
Authors: Yani Achmad
Published: October 2023

productive waqf management can contribute to the economy of the poor. Waqf land that is managed as a business enterprise, in various countries, is able to contribute to the state's income to the level of urgency. However, after waqf land becomes productive, a problematic phenomenon often arises; the phenomenon of claiming ownership of waqf land by the heirs of the waqif. As a result, productive waqf land becomes disputed and harms many people. This research provides a solution to this problem through the reconstruction of expert waqf into normative regulations. This research is a literature study, where the researcher emphasizes on normative analysis for acronym regulation. However, the sample is taken from the results of field research. This research is desk-based with qualitative data, qualitative supported by secondary data from interview and documentary field research. The analysis is conducted on running content. The findings show two things; first, the social reconstruction of expert waqf is carried out in three forms; 1) the principle of mutual trust and kinship in the implementation of expert waqf is witnessed by two family members; 2) handing over waqf in front of the village government or customary tribe. 3) the land endowed to the nadzir has the consent of the successor heirs. Second, the reconstruction of the legislative acronym is formed on five things; 1) the waqf pledge deed gets a recommendation from the head of the local government as a strong document of the AIW; 2) individual or corporate nadzirs are determined by social figures who understand the procedures for waqf management and administration; 3) mauquf alaih witnesses the waqf between the waqif and nadzir; 4) expert waqf is intended for public welfare, witnessed by the nasab guardian; 5) expert waqf that has passed away is automatically transferred to waqf khairi.
Management of Zakat, Infaq and Sadaqah Funds in Improving the Quality of Life of Mustahik
Authors: Nur Alinda Hanin , Nasrulloh Nasrulloh
Published: October 2023

one of the goals of national development is to create a just and prosperous society, both materially and spiritually. To support national development goals, the government can collaborate with LAZ/BAZNAS to alleviate poverty with good ZIS (Zakat, Infaq and Sadaqah) fund management, which is expected to be able to improve Mustahiq's quality of life. This research aims to determine the Management of ZIS Funds (Zakat, Infaq and Sadaqah) at LAZISMU Jombang in improving Mustahiq's quality of life. The results of the study show that the management of ZIS funds (Zakat, Infaq and Sadaqah) must refer to PSAK Regulation No. 109 concerning financial accounting, which regulates the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of zakat, infaq and sadaqah transactions. In empowering ZIS Funds (Zakat, Infaq and Sadaqah) by the Law No. 23 of 2011 in the distribution of zakat management to support the ZIS (Zakat, Infaq and Sadaqah) funds received are intended for the eight asnaf (fakir, poor, amil, convert, riqab (enslaved person), gharimin, fisabilillah, ibn sabil) group to improve the quality of life of mustahiq through programs namely (1) grebek: prayer for orphans (2 ) achieving the blessings of fajr alms (3) caring for honorary teachers (4) mentari scholarship (5) disaster alert (6) healthy assistance alms (7) mustahiq rises empowered.
The Influence of Religiosity, Trust and Income on Muzakki's Interest in Paying Zakat to Institutions
Authors: M Ikbal Ikbal , Rahman Alamsyah Agus , Dura Justita
Published: October 2023

Zakat is a form of material social worship, has a strategic and decisive position. However, there is a gap between the potential of zakat funds and the reality of collection due to the lack of public awareness.This study aims to empirically test the variables in the research that have been formulated in the formulation of the problem, namely whether there is an influence between religiosity, belief, and income on muzakki's interest paying zakat in BAZNAS Pangkalpinang city. The sample population used is 100 respondents. The data used in this study are primary data with validity test, reliability test, classical assumption test (normality, autocorrelation, and heteroscedasticity), F test, t test, and multiple regression analysis. Hypothesis testing was carried out with the help of the Statistical Package for the Sciences (SPSS) version 26 software. The result of this study is that religiosity partially does not affect the interest of muzakki in paying zakat, trust partially affect the interest of muzakki in paying zakat, income partially affect the interest of muzakki in paying zakat. Based on the results of the F (simultaneous) test, it shows that of the variable religiosity, belief, and income significance of the influence on the interest of muzakki to pay zakat. Thus the trust variable becomes the most dominant variable on the interest of muzakki in paying zakat at the Pangkalpinang City National Amil Zakat Agency. The implication of the research results is that zakat institutions conduct massive zakat religiosity literacy and improve the image of institutions to be more transparent, productive and contributive.
TECHNOLOGICAL INDICATORS FORMATION OF THE WINTER WHEAT GRAIN QUALITY UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF AGRICULTURE ENVIRONMENTALIZATION OF THE STEPPE OF UKRAINE
Authors: Yurkevych Y. , Valentiuk N. , Stankevych G. , Kats А.
Published: October 2023

Wheat is the leading food grain in the global food balance. Ukraine is among the top 10 world grain producers and therefore the issue of increasing the production of high-quality, environmentally friendly grain is extremely relevant. The aim of the work was to study the influence of the system of agrotechnical measures for the greening of agriculture on the formation of technological indicators of the quality of winter wheat grain, which will make it possible to obtain high-quality environmentally friendly wheat grain in the conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine, as well as reduce the negative pressure on the environment of modern factors of intensification of agriculture. The assessment of the quality of winter wheat grain was carried out according to such technological indicators as the protein content, the quantity and quality of gluten, the falling number, the weight of 1000 grains and bulk density. The experiments were carried out in a grain-rowed short-rotation 5-field crop rotation with alternating crops: peas – winter wheat – corn – sunflower – winter barley. The soil of the experimental plot is southern chernozem, low-humus, medium-thick, difficult loamy in the forest. The conducted studies have shown that the quality of grain changes both from the system of the main soil cultivation in the crop rotation, and from the use of spreaders of by-products of the predecessor, and the influence of these factors manifested itself depending on the weather conditions over the years of research in different ways. The best result with the element of biologization of agriculture was obtained with the use of the biodestructor Cellulad 2 l/ha, which significantly improves the technological indicators of the quality of winter wheat grain. So, on average, over the years of research, the best grain was obtained in the variant with a system of no-till  multi-depth tillage against the background of the introduction of the biodegradable Cellulad 2 l/ha with the protein content of 12.6%, the crude gluten content of 23.4%, the gluten quality indicator according to its deformation index is 82.2 conventional units of the VDC device and the falling number of 334.3 s. With the introduction of additional nitrogen N10 per 1 ton of by-products, as an energy material for the efficient decomposition of organic matter by soil microorganisms, an increase in the quality of winter wheat grain is also observed, but the results are inferior to the best option. Carrying out a moisture-saving system of a non-linear mid-depth basic tillage increases the action of a biodestructor in the conditions of the arid Southern Steppe of Ukraine.
EN PRENSA. Nuevos registros de distribución de tres mesocarnívoros en el estado de Sinaloa, México. EN PRENSA
Authors: Ley-Quiñónez César P. , Meza González Edna , Hart Catherine E. , Zavala-Norzagaray Alan Alfredo
Published: October 2023

En la presente nota se reporta el registro fotográfico del zorrillo manchado (Spilogale gracilis) y dos especies con una categoría de “Amenazadas” de acuerdo con la NOM-059, el Tejón americano (Taxidea taxus) y el cacomixtle norteño (Bassariscus astutus) como evidencia de la ampliación de sus distribuciones, obtenidos durante el estudio de fototrampeo realizado en el área natural protegida (ANP) sierra Navachiste, Sinaloa, en el noroeste de México, en periodo de un año y siete meses (2017-2018). El registro de estas especies en la sierra Navachiste, hace referencia a la importancia de esta ANP, la cual permite mantener diferentes organismos de vida silvestre que quedaron aislados en este hábitat, particularmente los mamíferos carnívoros.
REGIONS OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE AS SUBJECTS OF HISTORY BOOK REVIEW: BOLTUNOVA, E. & V. SANDERLEND (EDS.) (2021), REGIONS OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE: IDENTITY, REPRESENTATION, (ON) MEANING: COLLECTIVE MONOGRAPH, NOVOE LITERATURNOE OBOZRENIE, MOSCOW, RUSSIA, 304 P.: ILL. (HISTORIA ROSSICA SERIES)
Authors:   Smolensk State University, Gorskaya N. I.
Published: October 2023

At the center of the collective monograph of Russian and foreign researchers is the concept of “region”, interpreted as a subject that creates history, and at the same time as an object of historical research, a basic construct or (and) a very specific territory. Chronologically, the book covers a large period of Imperial Russia: from the 1760s to 1910. It presents the various outlying regions of the Empire and Central Russia. The desire of historians to show the role of regions in the system of their relations with the central government is associated with the search for what should be called a region, with the search for its history and understanding of identity. The ambiguity of the concept of region, which the authors adhere to, has opened up the opportunity to present regions through the economic, political, cultural relations of “their” time and “their” problems; and to focus on representations and meanings. The narrative of some authors contrasts with the explanatory models employed by others; and imaginary territories alternate on the pages of the book with regions that are quite specific in ethnic or socio-economic terms. In general, the reviewed monograph shows the importance of regions in Russian history and the importance of a regional approach in the study of Russia
KUNGUR TIKHVIN CONVENT DURING THE PERIOD OF CHURCH REFORMS OF THE FIRST HALF OF THE 18TH CENTURY
Authors:   Vyatka State University, Kustova E. V.
Published: October 2023

The history of Russian female monasticism of the first half of the 18th century is a poorly studied topic in Russian historiography. The article is devoted to the last women's monastery created in the Urals in the pre-Synodal era. Various aspects of its life during the difficult period of church reforms of Peter I and his successors are revealed. Based on new archival documents of the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts and the Central State Archive of the Kirov Region, the 50-year history of the monastery is presented in a comprehensive manner for the first time. A brief review of the development of the Kungur lands and their Christianization is given, the prerequisites and circumstances for the emergence of the monastery are analyzed. The formation of its architectural ensemble is shown, the view of the temple and its interior decoration is described, a brief analysis of the book collection is given. The article examines the personalities of the abbesses of the monastery and gives a description of the age and social composition of the sisters. The questions of «survival» of the monastery in the course of Peter the Great reforms, the sources of its existence are analyzed. Since the monastery was worldly, the role of benefactors in its development, strengthening its material level in difficult historical conditions is especially noted. The attempt to close the monastery in 1724–1725 and the reasons for its slow death in the next quarter of a century are considered. The history of the Tikhvin icon of the Mother of God is revealed in connection with the history of the Kungur monastery. Its importance in the life of the town after the closure of the convent is shown, in particular, in connection with the history of the uprising of Yemelyan Pugachev.
THE VINNYI ZAVOD II SETTLEMENT ON THE SYLVA RIVER IN THE SYSTEM OF SITES OF THE LATE STAGE OF THE ANANYINO CULTURE OF THE PERM KAMA REGION
Authors:   Perm State University, Golovchansky G. P. , Korenyuk S. N. ,   Perm State University, Pereskokov M. L. ,   Perm State University, Yakimova D. A. ,   Perm State University
Published: October 2023

The article analyzes the materials of the settlement Vinnyi Zavod II of the late Ananyino time, located in the lower reaches of the Sylva River, from the excavations of 2005. The general characteristic of the topographic situation for the microdistrict of sites of the Early Iron Age is given. The features of the geomorphological structure of the terrace, the stratigraphy of coastal sediments and the causes of the formation of sterile ballast deposits are considered. The description of the investigated objects is presented. The artifacts are analyzed, their detailed chronological attribution is given. The ceramic complex of the settlement was considered separately. Attention was paid to the study of the combination of ornamental motifs and compositions, which allows the authors to take into account the proposed methodology. A comparative analysis of the ceramic material of the Vinnyi Zavod II settlement and the ceramics of the Glyadeno sacred place by the method of main components was made. The result showed both a significant similarity of the complexes and the specifics of the microdistrict of the mouth of the Sylva river. The features of ornamentation form a certain stereotype characteristic of the microregion in the late Ananyino time, continues to develop during the functioning of the Glyadenovo culture, and further in the complexes of the early medieval Nevolino culture of the Sylva-Iren interfluve. The clothing material of the settlement indicates its dating within the end of the 5th– 4th centuries BC. The complex of the Vinnyi Zavod II settlement can be considered a reference for the monuments of the late stage of the Ananyino culture of the Middle Kama region.
Visions for Merrie England: A Survey Examination of Royalist Views and Beliefs in the English Civil War
Authors: Ocon Daniel
Published: October 2023

The English Civil War was the outlet for years of frustration against the status-quo political regime, and allowed, in the chaos, the expression for a variety of beliefs and values. One of the many factions in the conflict were the Royalists, those for one reason or another, supported the rule of Charles I. Despite the vast amount of research in the English Civil War, little attention is given to the Royalist views and beliefs and the common image that arises is a group defined by nepotism, elitism, and corruption. This survey seeks to recover a more complete image of Royalist perspective in the era of conflict by examining a variety of primary published sources, such as books, pamphlets and poetry, from a variety of people with differing statuses and lives. This analysis of said primary sources yields the Royalists own views and conceptions of beliefs that complicate and challenge the typical assumptions about Royalism and its adherents. In doing so, it adds to a growing body of work examining all levels and sections of belief within England and provides a more nuanced image of the political situation at the time. 
Parathyroid hormone-related protein as a potential prostate cancer biomarker: Promoting prostate cancer progression through upregulation of c-Met expression
Authors: Zhao Yan , Fu Zhen-Yu , Feng Han-Yong , Peng Yu-Hao , Yin Zhi-Xiang , Cao Jing-Yi , Pei Chang-Song
Published: October 2023

Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) plays a significant role in various tumor types, including prostate cancer. However, its specific role and underlying mechanisms in prostate cancer remain unclear. This study investigates the role of PTHrP and its interaction with the c-Met in prostate cancer. PTHrP was overexpressed and knocked down in prostate cancer cell lines to determine its effect on cell functions. Xenograft tumor models were employed to assess the impact of PTHrP overexpression on tumor growth. To delve into the interaction between PTHrP and c-Met, rescue experiments were conducted. Clinical data and tissue samples from prostate cancer patients were gathered and analyzed for PTHrP and c-Met expression. PTHrP overexpression in prostate cancer cells upregulates c-Met expression and augments cell functions. In contrast, PTHrP-knockdown diminishes c-Met expression and inhibits cell functions. In vivo experiments further demonstrated that PTHrP overexpression promoted tumor growth in xenograft models.Moreover, modulating c-Met expression in rescue experiments led to concurrent alterations in prostate cancer cell functions. Immunohistochemical analysis of clinical samples displayed a significant positive correlation between PTHrP and c-Met expression. Additionally, PTHrP expression correlated with clinical parameters like prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, tumor stage, lymph node involvement, distant metastasis, and Gleason score. PTHrP plays a crucial role in prostate cancer progression by upregulating c-Met expression. These insights point to PTHrP as a promising potential biomarker for prostate cancer.
Factors that Shaped the Art of Turkish Painting in The Republic Period
Authors: KİRİŞ  BÜYÜKGÜNER Huri
Published: October 2023

The roots of current Turkish painting can be traced back to the early 20th century. Until the establishment of the Republic of Turkey, painting did not emerge as one of the most important and influential art forms in Turkish culture. However, as a result of the historical processes spanning from the late period of the Ottoman Empire to the establishment of the Republic of Turkey, the paradigm shift brought about by the Republic facilitated the formation and establishment of a unique art form known as Western style painting in the Turkish nation. The transformation from subjects of a monarchy to citizens of a nation, and from subjects to individual identities, which took place during the Republic era, enabled Turkish painting to acquire a national character through the influence of state patronage and the power of reforms. Although the Westernization movement and educational reforms that began during the Ottoman period led to a new formal direction influenced by the forms of the Western worldview, as well as the unique content of the Ottoman state’s worldview, it was during the Republic era that Turkish painting found its characteristic forms and expressions. While the formal patterns of painting were influenced by Western styles of the time, the subject matter and content reflected the intellectual and revolutionary world of modern Turkish society, allowing for the emergence of a distinctive form of painting art under these circumstances.
Deformation measurement system for UAV components to improve their safe operation
Authors: Czyż Zbigniew , Jakubczak Patryk , Podolak Piotr , Skiba Krzysztof , Karpiński Paweł , Droździel-Jurkiewicz Magda , Wendeker Mirosław
Published: October 2023

The paper presents the authors’ method and test rig for performing the deformation analysis of unmanned aircraft fuselages. To conduct the analysis, the DIC system was used, as well as a test rig designed and constructed by the authors, equipped with a dedicated control and load control system. The article presents a description of the research capabilities of the test rig developed for testing the deformation of unmanned aircraft fuselages. Due to the specific operating conditions of the designed fuselage, the test rig developed allows the simulation of loads corresponding to different flight conditions. In addition, it is possible to change the forces acting on the fuselage simultaneously for all servos or each of them separately. Finally, results showing the displacement of component control points for the considered fuselage versions are presented. The tests carried out using the developed test rig allowed the verification of the maximum deformations.
A Deliberative Democracy Framework for Analysing Trust in Journalists: An Application to Italy
Authors: Splendore Sergio , Garusi Diego , Valeriani Augusto
Published: October 2023

In the current public sphere, the “deliberative model of democracy” may represent both the necessary benchmark and the best lens through which to view developments in the public debate. Democracy can never become really deliberative without the active participation of news media. The assumption of this article is that if news media are to disseminate knowledge, trust in them is crucial. This article examines an aspect neglected by studies on media trust: trust in journalists. It presents the results of a longitudinal survey carried out in May and September 2020 in Italy, right at the end of the first mass Covid-19 lockdown (Wave 1) and after the first pandemic summer (Wave 2), therefore a time when there was a great need for quality information. The main findings reveal that the use of social media decreases trust in journalists; furthermore, those who mainly rely on political institutions’ social media accounts for information place less trust in journalists than those who mainly rely on journalistic sources on those platforms. Instead, the use of traditional media (radio, television, newspapers) increases trust in journalists.
Factors Affecting Trust in Chinese Digital Journalism: Approach Based on Folk Theories
Authors: Liu Shaoqiang , Xu Jinghong , Zhao Zi’an , Li Xiaojun
Published: October 2023

Trust in online digital news has become a significant concern affecting social cohesion in China. Under the framework of folk theories, we interviewed urban and rural residents’ perceptions and imaginations of digital news credibility in China’s digital journalism environment. The study finds that digital media giants in China are utilised by both urban and rural residents. Regarding the behaviour of news avoidance, scepticism of digital news accounts for only a tiny fraction of the reasons held by news avoiders. Chinese urban and rural residents have similar perceptions about the impact of news forms, quality of information, and individual stances on digital news, while rural residents show uncertainty about the transparency of news production, which may be related to their education level and media literacy. The relationship between recommendation algorithms and news trust is overlooked by respondents. In addition, news seekers are more likely to display herd behaviours, which may mislead their judgment of news credibility. News avoiders may refuse to consume news because of their distaste for China’s digital news atmosphere, such as the ubiquity of unpleasant emotions, preconceived opinions, and attention-grabbing clickbait headlines.
FINSLER METRICS WITH BUSEMANN CURVATURE BOUNDS
Authors: Kim Chang-Wan
Published: October 2023

We prove that a Finsler metric has Busemann curvature bounded above (below, respectively) by $\kappa$ if and only if it is the Berwald metric with flag curvature bounded above (below, respectively) by $\kappa$. Combining this with Szabó’s Berwald metrization theorem, we can obtain that such a Finsler metric is affinely equivalent to a Riemannian metric with sectional curvature bounded above (below, respectively) by $\kappa$.
MIXED VOLUME ELEMENT-CHARACTERISTIC MIXED VOLUME ELEMENT OF NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF NUCLEAR CONTAMINATION TREATMENT AND ITS CONVERGENCE ANALYSIS
Authors: Yuan Yirang , Li Changfeng , Liu Yunxin , Sun Tongjun , Yang Qing
Published: October 2023

We consider a nonlinear system with boundary-initial value conditions of convection-diffusion partial differential equations describing nuclear waste disposal contamination in porous media. The flow pressure is determined by an elliptic equation, the concentrations of brine and radionuclide are formulated by convection-diffusion equations, and the transport of temperature is defined by a heat equation. The transport pressure appears in the concentration equations and heat equation accompanying with Darcy velocity, and controls their processes. The flow equation is solved by the conservative method of mixed volume element and the accuracy of Darcy velocity is improved one order. The method of characteristic mixed volume element is applied to solve the concentrations and the heat, where the diffusion is discretized by a mixed volume element method and the convection is treated by the method of characteristics. The characteristics can confirm high computation stability at sharp fronts and it can avoid numerical dispersion and nonphysical oscillation. The scheme can adopt a large step while it has smaller time-truncation error and higher order of accuracy. The mixed volume element method has law of conservation on every element to treat the diffusion and it can obtain numerical solution is of the concentration and adjoint vectors. Using the theory and technique of priori estimate of differential equations, we derive an optimal second order estimate in l2 norm. Numerical examples are given to show the effectiveness and practicability and the method is testified as a powerful tool to solve such an international famous problem.
LOCAL AND REGIONAL IDENTITIES IN THE CULTURAL SPACE OF POKUTTIA
Authors:   Tchaikovsky National Music Academy of Ukraine, Maykhrovych Yurii
Published: October 2023

This scientific article delves into the analysis of the intricate relationship between local and regional identity within the cultural milieu of Pokuttia. It sheds light on the processes of differentiation and identification that occur within this particular region. Notably, the understanding of the terms "local" and "regional" is contingent upon the scales of the spatial plane where these phenomena are juxtaposed within the realm of cultural geography. A pioneering interdisciplinary approach in cultural regional studies has brought forth a comprehensive examination of various cultural peculiarities specific to the Pokuttia region. These peculiarities encompass elements such as toponyms and the local language prevalent in the Pokuttian area, and their intricate interplay with other social aspects of the region's vibrant life. Through this multidisciplinary lens, a deeper understanding of the intricate tapestry of the region's cultural landscape has been attained. The essence of the discourse is the pivotal role that place assumes as the spatial foundation of local identity. Place emerges as a significant constituent imbued with its own set of symbolic, historical, and ideological attributes. It serves as a profound backdrop against which the nuances of local identity are shaped and expressed. Consequently, the profound interconnection between place and identity becomes a cornerstone for comprehending the complex dynamics within the Pokuttian cultural space. Moreover, this research affirms the inseparable link between local identity and the individual as the principal agent of spatial social reality. The individual, by infusing meaning into a particular place, distinguishes it as either "one's own" or "foreign." This dichotomy is primarily informed by a profound sense of uniqueness and a conscious choice in self-identification within the overarching global context. The interplay among place, individual, and society emerges as the fundamental constituents representing the fabric of local identity – an intricate construct encompassing both personal and collective consciousness within the broader paradigm of cultural space. The insights provided in this article offer valuable contributions to the understanding of the intricate interplay between local and regional identity within the unique cultural context of Pokuttia. Scholars and researchers in the fields of cultural studies, geography, and related disciplines will find these findings pertinent to their exploration of identity dynamics and cultural diversity in various regional contexts
THE CREATIVE BIOGRAPHY OF MARIA SHYMANOVSKA IN THE CONTEXT OF THE PROBLEM OF IDENTITY
Authors:   Tchaikovsky National Music Academy of Ukraine, Janyshyn-Pryimenko Mariia
Published: October 2023

The article examines the problem of the artists' identity at the beginning of the 19th century through the prism of the Maria Shymanovska's creative personality. The analysis of the historical and cultural realities of the time made it possible to determine the main factors that influenced the formation of identity. These are geography, religion, social status and gender. It was found that for Maria Szymanowska, Warsaw always remained the central city through which her self-determination took place, even after moving to St. Peregburg in 1828. There was a problem of coherence between the national and religious identities of the artist. Szymanowska was Polish at the level of "I speak the language, I dress," but she was a frankist at the level of "whom I pray to, what books I read, who I believe in," which makes her identity portrait more complex. The composer sought to create a positive image in the aristocratic society and position herself as part of it, thus increasing the social status given to her at birth – petty bourgeoisie, the daughter of a brewer. She did this with acquaintances, a suitable social circle, portraits, clothes, etc. Also, the artist bravely overcame the boundaries of established behavioral models for women. Maria Shymanovska divorced and supported herself and three children from the marriage – artistic and compositional activities were the main source of her income. Through the prism of periodicals of the day, she appears as one of the first women who dares to compete with men on a professional level. Various aspects of Maria Szymanovska's creative biography are intricately intertwined and clash with each other at different levels: Szymanovska is a Polish, but primarily defends the interests of a narrow group of frankists; the artist belongs to the bourgeoisie, but it is important for her to position herself as an aristocrat; she is a woman, however, first of all, she chooses her right to creative and professional realization. The comparison of typical life strategies, which provided for the mentioned factors of identity formation, with the life and creative decisions of Maria Shymanovska, made it possible to outline the specifics of the artist's identity portrait. By overcoming the established identity stereotypes of the time, Maria Shymanovska appears as an extraordinary person who is able to shape new life strategies
Post-Contractual Obligations in Russian Civil Law
Authors: Bogdanov E. V. , Bogdanova E. E.
Published: October 2023

The paper deals with a specific group of obligations arising in connection with the termination of lease agreements, commercial rental of residential premises and commercial concessions. This group of obligations is qualified as post-contractual obligations. The authors examine peculiarities of the origin and content of such obligations, their separation from warranty obligations, obligations arising from a preliminary contract, conditional contract. The paper elucidates debatable issues of the exercise of preferential rights by lessees, tenants and users to conclude relevant contracts for a new term. The conditions for the exercise of preferential rights and their protection in case of violation are investigated. The paper challenges the position of researchers, according to which the terms of the exercise of the pre-emptive right are suppressive, and the conclusion is justified that this term is the term of its implementation. The paper analyses the features of responsibility of landlords, lessors, and right holders in case of violation of the preferential rights of authorized persons. The authors substantiate the conclusion about the faultless nature of the responsibility of these subjects.
Applying the Experience of International Legal Protection of Belovezhskaya Forest to the Development of the Baikal Region Environmental Activities
Authors: Ditsevich Ya. B. , Kolobov R. Yu. , Bakinovskaya O. A.
Published: October 2023

The paper is structured by grouping environmental issues common to various World Heritage sites, including Belovezhskaya Forest and Lake Baikal. The paper highlights the problems of defining the boundaries of World Heritage Site (WHS); the WHS management practice; methods used in protection of the Belovezhskaya Forest to ensure the participation of the local population in the conservation of the WHS; issues of management and conservation of biodiversity on the territory of the WHS. In conclusion, the authors formulate proposals aimed at improving the conservation of Lake Baikal World Heritage site. In particular, it is concluded that among the immediate interests of the local population of the central ecological zone of the Baikal natural territory (especially those involved in the organization of the tourism business) is the popularization of the World Heritage protection regime, along with obstruction of the implementation of proposals to reduce the boundaries of the World Heritage site (including through the erroneous differentiation of the concepts «site» and «region» of the World Heritage). The prospects for using legal methods of interaction between public institutions and government authorities are indicated, including making proposals in accordance with the procedure established by law to improve the management of a World Heritage Site, as well as through the creation of advisory councils of local populations and indigenous peoples.
Research of the combustion process in a tractor diesel engine when operating on alcohol and vegetable oil
Authors: Likhanov Vitaly A. , Lopatin Oleg P.
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:Tractor diesels are widely used in agriculture, industry and transport due to their high efficiency, reliability, manufacturability and economy. Nevertheless, the ever-increasing tractor fleet is one of the main causes of environmental pollution and the increase in the consumption of petroleum motor fuel. The paper substantiates the use of an alternative fuel, suitable in its physical and chemical characteristics and properties for efficient and environmentally friendly combustion in a tractor diesel, such as ethanol and rapeseed oil.
AIMS:Research of the combustion process in a tractor diesel engine operating on ethanol and rapeseed oil, establishment the dependencies of the influence of tractor diesel operating modes on the combustion process indicators and determination of their numerical characteristics.
METHODS:An experimental sample of a tractor diesel engine was converted for operation on ethanol and rapeseed oil. Ethanol was used as the main fuel and was ignited with a jet of rapeseed oil entering the diesel combustion chamber. Ethanol has a lower calorific value compared to diesel fuel, therefore, there was a need to determine the optimal cyclic supply of the ignition portion of rapeseed oil and to study the indicators of the combustion process.
RESULTS:The results of experimental studies of the effect of the use of ethanol and rapeseed oil as a pilot fuel on the indicators of the combustion process of tractor diesel are presented. The optimal value of the cyclic supply of rapeseed oil has been determined, a decrease in the value of which from the optimal value leads to an increase in exhaust gas temperature, specific effective and total fuel consumption, worsens the combustion process, while an increase of it worsens the environmental performance of a tractor diesel engine, including the smokiness of exhaust gases. The results of scientific research on the determination of optimal installation angles of advance injection of ethanol and rapeseed oil are presented.
CONCLUSIONS:The complete replacement of petroleum diesel fuel with alternative fuels has been achieved without making significant changes to the design of a tractor diesel engine, improving its environmental characteristics while maintaining power indicators at the level of a serial diesel. On the basis of the conducted studies of the operating process of a tractor diesel engine on ethanol and rapeseed oil, the dependencies of the influence of its operating modes on the indicators of the combustion process are established and their numerical characteristics are determined.
Influence of the Mg/MoO3 additive to diesel fuel on heat output
Authors: Abalyaev Andrey Yu. , Lyukhter Alexander B.
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND: The study results of influence of the Mg/MoO3 composite nanoadditive on the combustion process in the 4Ch10.5/12 diesel engine are given. It is shown that the heat output process in diesel engines divides into two phases: kinetic and diffusive combustion. The review of simulation methods for the heat output process in a diesel engine considering kinetic and diffusive combustion based on the I.I. Vibes method is presented. The review of methods of indicator diagram processing helping to obtain parameters of the Vibes heat output law for the two-phase combustion for the sake of following simulation and working process analysis is made. The heat output analysis of the 4Ch10.5/12 diesel engine indicator diagram processing using the Mg/MoO3 composite nanoadditive is made.
AIMS: Research of the influence of the Mg/MoO3 composite nanoadditive to fuel on the heat output process in a diesel engine.
METHODS: The 4Ch10.5/12 air-cooled diesel engine with factory-built fuel supply system was tested at the engine test rig. During the research, influence of the Mg/MoO3 composite nanoadditive to fuel on the heat output process was studied.
RESULTS: It is found that using the nanoadditive leads to decreasing hardness of combustion process, reduction of self-ignition time delay, increasing the maximal temperature of working body in a combustion chamber, reduction of amount of heat output at the kinetic combustion. Working body temperature increase and simultaneous maximal cycle pressure decrease testify the growth of pre-expansion degree. Parameters of diffusive combustion remain almost stable no matter of mass fraction of the nanoadditive in diesel fuel.
CONCLUSIONS: It was revealed that nanoparticles of the Mg/MoO3 additive serve as a homogenizer helping to destroy drops of the sprayed fuel and to intensify the evaporation process. Moreover, the nanoparticles serve as self-ignition centers at early stages of the combustion process.
Effectiveness of Surgical Treatment of Patients with Respiratory Tuberculosis Complicated with Chronic Pleural Empyema Depending on Spread of Intrapleural Pathological Alterations
Authors: Chitorelidze Georgiy V. , Chashchina Margarita V. , Bagirov Mamad-Bagir A. , Sadovnikova Svetlana S. , Berezovskiy Yuriy  S. , Papkov Aleksandr V.
Published: October 2023

INTRODUCTION: Chronic tuberculous pleural empyema (CTPE) is a severe form of tuberculous lesion characterized by a purulent-destructive process in the residual pleural cavity, gross irreversible morphofunctional specific alterations in the pleura forming within three-five months after appearance of clinical signs of pleurisy. Patients with respiratory tuberculosis (RT) complicated with pleural empyema, are the most severe contingent of patients in tuberculosis (TB) hospitals.
AIM: To study effectiveness of surgical treatment of patients with RT complicated with CTPE depending on spread of pathological alterations in the parietal pleura.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 65 patients (43 men, 66.2%, aged 2361 years; 22 women, 33.8%, aged 2665 years) with RT complicated with CTPE, who underwent surgical treatment in the volume of pleurectomy with decortication of lung. Patients were divided to 3 groups depending on spread of pathological alterations in the parietal pleura: group 1 (n = 40, 61.5%) with spread of CTPE not exceeding the surface area of one anatomical wall of the pleural cavity; group 2 (n = 15, 23.1%) with CTPE involving 23 anatomical walls of the pleural cavity; group 3 (n = 10, 15.4%) with CTPE involving all anatomical walls of the pleural cavity.
RESULTS: The effectiveness of complex treatment of patients with RT complicated with CTPE was 92.3% (n = 60). In the period from 2014 to 2021, the rate of postoperative complications after pleurectomy with decortication of lung including simultaneous resection, was 12.3%, mortality rate 0% and postoperative recurrences of empyema 7.7%. Despite adequate postoperative conservative treatment, the achievement of clinical effect and the absence of postoperative recurrences were directly proportional to the spread of intrapleural alterations. The destructive widespread forms of PT with multiple and wide-range drug resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis are more common among the patients with subtotal and total forms of CTPE.
CONCLUSION: The obtained results evidence a high effectiveness of surgical treatment of the given category of patients irrespective of spread of pathological alterations in the pleura and lung.
Fine-tuning and the Afterlife in Aquinas
Authors: Oliva Mirela
Published: October 2023

Does the fine-tuning of the universe for life continue in the afterlife? Aquinas would answer yes. In his view, the cosmic conditions post-apocalypse are set to support the resurrected body and the sensible knowledge of God’s majesty as reflected in the renewed material creature. The renewed universe is, thus, fine-tuned for immortal human life. In the first part, I present Aquinas’ version of fine-tuning, referring to earthly life and the afterlife. I distinguish between two modes of fine-tuning: organic and cognitive. In the second part, I analyze the characteristics of the universe post-apocalypse in connection with the resurrected body in general and the qualities of the blessed body in particular.
Eternidade do Mundo e Evolução: Duas Questões e uma Análise de tipo Tomista
Authors: Xavier Maria Leonor
Published: October 2023

This essay was born out of two astonishments: an admiration and a perplexity. On the one hand, this essay was born out of our admiration for the text of the question De aeternitate mundi, written by St. Thomas Aquinas in the full maturity of his thought (1271). It is a philosophically exemplary text, in terms of construction and discernment, in which the author argues that there is no contradiction between the theology of creation and the possibility of an eternal world, in accordance with Aristotelian physics. On the other hand, we were also motivated by our perplexity with the difficulty that even today the Christian faith in creation experiences in dealing with the Darwinian theory of evolution. It occurred to us, then, to elaborate a question of evolution, entirely analogous, in construction and in discernment, to the question of the eternity of the world, as it had been thought of by St. Thomas Aquinas. Thus, we also argue here that there is no contradiction between the theology of creation and the possibility of a world in evolution, according to Darwin’s biological theory. And we do this by following the structure of the Thomasian question step by step.
Living Well without Knowledge: Uncertainty in the Moral Philosophy of Thomas Aquinas
Authors: Hochschild Joshua P.
Published: October 2023

Thomists typically emphasize and defend Aquinas’s “realist” approach to knowledge as an alternative to modern skepticism, but Aquinas is attuned to the common experience of uncertainty, and gives principled reasons for the limits of knowledge across various domains, including especially in the realm of human action. Virtue in general, and Thomistic practical wisdom specifically, can be understood as a habit for responsibly managing choice in the face of imperfect knowledge, unpredictable circumstances, and risk. Several modern specialized disciplines – especially economics, psychology, and various applied social sciences – have highlighted interesting questions about uncertainty and its practical significance, especially in evaluating risk. Emphasizing the role of uncertainty in life is thus not only an invitation for Thomists to notice neglected aspects of Aquinas’s thought, but an opportunity to bring Aquinas’s writings into conversations in other disciplines. Catholic social teaching presents a particularly promising area to engage and learn from those other disciplines in the ongoing elaboration of Thomistic thought.
Aristóteles y Santo Tomás: la virtud de la magnanimidad
Authors: Mauri Margarita
Published: October 2023

In Nicomachean Ethics IV Aristotle exposes the characteristics of the moral virtue of the μεγαλοψυχία and offers a detailed description of the conditions of the magnanimous. St. Thomas in his commentary on Ethics follows the Aristotelian text apparently without disagreeing with the Greek author, and completes this exposition with other texts found in the Summa Theologica. The aim of this paper is to highlight the differences, if there are any, between the Aristotelian conception of the μεγαλοψυχία and that of Saint Thomas, considering also whether the virtue of humility that appears in the Thomist texts can be equated to the vice of the pusillanimity of which Aristotle speaks.
L’actualité de la pensée politique de Jacques Maritain cinquante ans après sa mort
Authors: Lind Andreas Gonçalves , Lambert Dominique
Published: October 2023

The commemoration of the 700th anniversary of the canonization of Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274) as well as the fiftieth anniversary of the death of Jacques Maritain (1882-1973) present an opportunity to re-examine the neo-Thomism of the contemporary French philosopher. Our aim here will be to set out the philosophical argument from which Maritain establishes an inseparable link between human rights (i.e., the dignity of the human person) and natural law. We will thus seek to expose how Maritain supports democracy from the horizon of Christian philosophy. In doing so, the Thomistic democracy that Maritain proposes will appear to be distant from both totalitarian collectivism and anarchistic individualism, two current threats to the establishment of an authentic and mature democracy.
Aquinas and the Geopolitical Thinking of Pope Francis
Authors: McAller Graham James
Published: October 2023

This scientific article explores the notion of a Christian geopolitics and its compatibility with realpolitik and international relations. The analysis delves into the perspectives of Pope Francis, John Mearsheimer, and Catholic social thought principles to examine the moral implications of geopolitical strategies. Mearsheimer’s bait and bleed strategy in Ukraine is critiqued for its callousness and disregard for human life, while Francis’s emphasis on personal and social reform highlights the importance of ethics and the universal destination of goods. The article questions whether Christians can engage in realpolitik strategies that perpetuate poverty and violate the principles of human dignity and mercy. It further considers the implications for Catholic leaders in government and military roles, particularly in the context of upcoming U.S. presidential contenders. The analysis ultimately challenges the notion that a Christian geopolitics is a category mistake, advocating for a higher moral road in international relations.
Aquinas’ Science of Sacra Doctrina as a Platonic Technê
Authors: Miller Ryan
Published: October 2023

Aquinas’s characterization of Sacra Doctrina has received sustained engagement addressing its relation to contemporary conceptions of theology and Aristotelian conceptions of science. More recently, attention has been paid to Aquinas’s neo-Platonist influences, and the way they lead him to subvert purely Aristotelian categories. I therefore combine these themes by introducing the first study of whether sacra doctrina counts as a technê in Plato’s sense. After examining how Platonic technê relate to their ergon. epistasthai, gignôskein, and epistêmê and examining sacra doctrina’s relationship to each of these Platonic categories, I suggest that Sacra Doctrina is an unqualified Platonic technê.