bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Different Extraction Solvent Systems on Total Phenolic, Total Flavonoid, Total
Anthocyanin Contents and Antioxidant Activities of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) Extracts
Authors: Duy Nguyen Quoc , Thoai Huynh Anh , Lam Tri Duc , Le Xuan Tien
Published: September 2019

This study aims to investigate the variations in total phenolic content, total anthocyanin content, total flavonoid content and the antioxidant capacity of Roselle extracts in various extraction solvents. Extracts produced using three solvent systems (methanol, ethanol and acetone) at three different concentrations (50, 70 and 90 % (v/v)) were compared roselle calyx extract produced using distilled water. The antioxidant capacities of roselle calyx extracts were evaluated using DPPH free radical-scavenging
capacity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and reducing power. The extraction efficiencies of phenolics, anthocyanins and flavonoids from roselle calyx varied considerably. The results showed that at 50 %, ethanol was the appropriate solvent for extraction of flavonoids, which achieved 508.64 mg RE/L and phenolics, which achieved 762.11 mg GAE/L, while at 70 %, methanol was the effective solvent for extracting anthocyanins, which achieved 8.404 mg/L. For antioxidant activity, at 50 % for ethanol, 70 % for methanol, 50 and 70 % for acetone were solvents used to obtain the highest DPPH free radical scavenging activities, ranging from 869.47-927.60 μmol TE/L. Thus, at 50 and 70 % for acetone were determined as solvents which gave extracts with the highest ferric reducing antioxidant power FRAP, ranging from 3493.52–3459.22 μmol TE/L.
Morphological Changes Occurred During Long Time Atmospheric Corrosion
Process of Mild Steel and their Effect on Mechanical Properties
Authors: Muralidhar P. , Satyanarayana G. , Rao G. Nageswara
Published: September 2019

The present work, involves the analysis of a long time corroded steel channel (MC 150 having dimensions 150 cm × 75 cm × 5.7 cm, a nominal weight of 16.8 kg/m, which was rolled from a fully killed continuous cast steel blooms) meant for constructing huge steel structures was performed. The analysis of this typical corrosion was done in a different direction to know the morphological changes occurred during the long time atmospheric corrosion periods of wet dry conditions. The extent of deterioration of mechanical properties in these structural components may reduce the life span of particular component. The focus of this present study is to analyze the reasons for the splitting of corrosion product layers during the long time atmospheric corrosion conditions, which resulted in the drastic deterioration of mechanical properties. The XRD analysis of delaminated layers was also performed. The physico-chemical changes occurred in the process of long time atmospheric corrosion were also investigate. It is found that pitting is the major contributor for the formation, growth, delamination of corrosion product layers during the long time atmospheric corrosion process, which
resulted in the drastic reduction of mechanical properties.
Analysis of Membranless Formic Acid Fuel Cell using E-Shaped Microfluidic Channel
Authors: Elumalai M. , Raja M. , Rajasekaran A. , Chinnaraja B.
Published: September 2019

A microfluidic fuel cell has been fabricated using formic acid in an alkaline media as the fuel and sodium percarbonate in acidic media as the oxidant. Various operating conditions and different cell dimensions were applied to evaluate the fuel cell performance. The laminar flow-based membraneless fuel cell was found to reach a maximum power density of 23.60 mW cm-2 using 1.50 M HCOOH in 3 M NaOH solution as the fuel and 0.15 M percarbonate in 1.50 M H2SO4 solution as the oxidant at room temperature. The fuel cell system has no proton exchange membrane. This simple membraneless fuel cell with a planar structure has a high design flexibility, which enables its easy integration into actual microfluidic systems and miniature power applications.
Cu(I) Catalyzed Coumarin-1,2,3-Triazole Hybrids: Click Chemistry
Authors: Mamgain Ritu
Published: September 2019

A series of novel coumarin-1,2,3-triazole derivatives were synthesized in good yield via click chemistry using Cu(I) catalyzed intermolecular Huisgen [3+2] cycloaddition reaction. All the synthesized compounds were characterized spectroscopically. This piece of work could be helpful to develop biologically relevant coumarin analogs.
Catalyst-Free Cascade Synthesis of Densely Functionalized Chromenes in Water
Authors: Bhat Subrahmanya Ishwar
Published: September 2019

An expeditious and environmental friendly, general protocol has been developed for the synthesis of 2-amino-3-cyano-4H-chromenes via cascade Knoevenagel-Michael-intramolecular cyclization in water. Pure solid products were obtained by simple filtration technique. The aqueous catalyst-free reactions lead to high product yield at room temperature.
Study of Ratio Variation of Binary Components of Cross Linking Agent on Extent of
Polymerization and Mechanical Properties of Polyurethane Composites
Authors: Sharma A. , Sharma S.K. , Rani A.
Published: September 2019

Polyethylene glycol based polyurethane polymer and its fly ash reinforced polyurethane composite were prepared by optimizing the concentration ratio of binders, cross linking agents and curing agents. The components ratio of cross linking agents with the same hydroxyl functionalities i.e. 1,4-butane diol and 1,1,1-trimethylol propane affects the mechanical properties of polymer. The extent of polymerization of polyurethane matrix and fly ash reinforced polyurethane composite was found to be independent of the component ratio of cross linking agents. PEG based polyurethane polymer and their fly ash-reinforced composite can be synthesized at particular ratio by mass of cross linking
agents i.e. 0.5 keeping constant w/w ratio 3:2 of binders and curing agents. Effect of w/w ratio variation of cross linking agents on the extent of polymerization has been studied through SEM technique. Cross linking agents, curing agents and polyurethane composite have been characterized by IR spectra. Effect of w/w ratio variation of binary components 1,4-butane diol and 1,1,1-trimethylol propane of cross linking agents on the mechanical properties of fly ash-reinforced polyurethane composite has been studied by evaluating tensile strength and Young modulus of composite material by universal
testing machine. Hardness of fly ash-reinforced polyurethane composite with different ratio of 1,4-butane diol and 1,1,1-trimethylol propane of cross linking agents was evaluated by durometer
Design, Synthesis and in vitro Anticancer Evaluation of
New 2H-benzo[b][1,4]thiazin-3(4H)-one Based 1,2,3-Triazoles
Authors: Rajender O. , Narsimha S. , Reddy N. Vasudeva
Published: September 2019

A series of novel 2H-benzo[b][1,4]thiazin-3(4H)-one derived from 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole derivatives (4a-j and 5a-j) were synthesized using Cu(I) catalyzed azide alkyne cyclization (CuAAC) reaction of the compounds 2 and 3 with various aromatic azides. The examination of in vitro anticancer activity revealed that the compounds 4d and 5d were found to possess a broad spectrum of anticancer activity against three cell lines MCF-7, HeLa and IMR-32 with IC50 values ranging from 26.28 ± 1.5 to 32.06 ± 0.3 M mL-1, respectively. The remaining compounds have shown good to moderate activity against the tested cell lines.
Practical Synthesis of 1,8-Naphthyridine-2,7-dialdehydes Syntone
Authors: Levina I.I. , Gridnev A.A.
Published: September 2019

Several synthetic approaches for synthesizing 1,8-naphthyridines were tested. Reliable protocols for synthesis of some new 1,8-naphthyridine-2,7-dialdehydes were developed starting from 2-amino-6-methylpyridine and acetoacetate. The dialdehyde were found to react with pyrrole to form either a polymer or a macrocycle depending on conditions.
Cytotoxic and Antibacterial Activity of Selected Medicinal Plants used in South African Traditional Medicine
Authors: Makhafola M.A. , Middleton L. , Olivier M.T. , Olaokun O.O.
Published: September 2019

Five plants were investigated for their antibacterial and cytotoxicity activities, namely: Lantana rugosa, Lippia javanica, Lippia wilmsii, Hilliardiella elaeagnoides and Withania somnifera. Four organisms and liver cells were used to evaluate the efficacy and the safety of the extracts from these plants. All the extracts showed antibacterial activity with the MIC ranging from 0.04 ± 0.04 mg/mL to 11.46 ± 9.66 mg/mL. The acetonic extract of L. javanica exhibited the highest antibacterial activity with MIC value of 0.04 ± 0.04 mg/mL against P. aeruginosa and 0.28 ± 0.35 mg/mL against S. aureus. Aqueous and acetonic extracts of L. wilmsii (LC50 > 1000 μg/mL) and the hexane extract of L. javanica (LC50 > 1000 μg/mL) were the least cytotoxic. While acetonic extract of L. javanica (0.01 ± 0.64 μg/mL) and hexane extract of L. wilmsii (0.03 ± 0.31 μg/mL) were the most cytotoxic.
Entrapment of Glucose Oxidase in Reverse Micelle Microemulsion
Systems for Glucose Detection in Lipid Based Food Products
Authors: Siyal Lovnish , Kumar Benu , Bhattacharya Arpita , Sahney Rachana
Published: September 2019

Entrapment of glucose oxidase (GOx) enzyme in a new reverse micelle emulsion system was studied. The microemulsion consists of aqueous phase (buffered enzyme)/SPAN 85/n-decane. Critical micelle concentration (CMC) of surfactant-SPAN 85 in n-decane was determined using dynamic light scattering study and it was used to develop microemulsion system. Most stable and optically transparent microemulsion with entrapped glucose oxidase showed higher values of specific enzyme activity, maximum reaction rate (Vmax) and turn over number and low value of Michaelis-constant (Km) in
comparison to homogeneous GOx (enzyme-glucose oxidase) system. The microemulsion system was successfully used to quantify D-glucose in lipid based food products without any sample preparation. Comparison of these results with chemical method (phenol-sulfuric acid method) and commercial kit method used in food industry validate the efficiency of the new proposed system. The study provides new information about the glucose content of some commonly consumed milk based products where
nutritional labels do not accurately show true glucose content. These findings provide support for comprehensive glucose labeling to food products commonly used by the children.
Bioremediation of Cadmium Contaminated Effluent by Sporosarcina luteola:
A Bacterium Isolated from Soil near Wazirpur Industrial Area, New Delhi, India
Authors: Gupta R. , Kumar T. , Mittal A.
Published: September 2019

Heavy metals pollution is emerging as a threat to ecological systems causing various problems to mankind, plants and animals. Aim of the present study was to isolate and identify cadmium tolerant bacteria from the soil of Wazirpur industrial area of New Delhi (India). The study involved physico-chemical characterization of the polluted soil which was found to contain high concentration of iron, manganese and cadmium at 352, 15.3 g/kg soil and 3.16 ppm, respectively. One bacterial strain was identified as Sporosarcina luteola on the basis of morphological, biochemical and phylogeny analysis. Strain Sporosarcina luteola was highly resistant to Cd up to 5mM (mM= millimolar) when
cultured in solidified nutrient agar plates and 7.2 mM in nutrient broth. Sporosarcina luteola has also showed substantial growth in presence of Co, Pb, Fe and Mn upto 2.0, 2.0, 3.5 and 4.0 mM, respectively in liquid medium. Optimum growth of identified bacteria was shown at 37 ºC, 7.0 pH and it tolerated up to 3 % sodium chloride (w/v). This is reported for the first time that Sporosarcina luteola (metal-tolerant bacteria) has potential of removal of cadmium from industrially contaminated soil.
An Unusual Cu(II) Mediated C–N Single Bond Cleavage of Pentacoordinating N4S Ligands:
Control of Copper Coordination Geometry by Modified Ligand Structure
Authors: Ghosh Dipesh
Published: September 2019

Complexation of copper(II) with penta-coordinated N4S ligands in alcohols proceeded through unusual reaction paths involving C-N bond cleavage process. The products are square planar compound with a modified ligand structure that includes an alkoxy group provided by the solvent. The complexes are characterized by single crystal XRD, elemental analyses, IR, UV-visible and EPR spectroscopic techniques. Cyclic voltammetry shows Cu(II)/Cu(I) reduction becomes more difficult with the increase in donor strength of alkoxy group.
Phytochemical Contents, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties of Gnaphalium
uliginosum L. Ethanolic Extract and Essential Oil for Agricultural Uses
Authors: Leonidovna Sharonova Natalia , Alexandrovich Terenzhev Dmitriy , Nikolayevna Bushmeleva Kseniya , Kamilevna Gumerova Syubelya , Pavlovna Lyubina Anna , Mikhaylovich Fitsev Igor' , Gennad'yevich Belov Timur
Published: September 2019

Gnaphalium uliginosum L. (Asteraceae) is widely used in phytotherapy and has a potential for agricultural utilization. The ethanolic extract was obtained from the maceration of air-dried plants, and the extract was then filtered and concentrated using a rotary evaporator. The essential oil was pressed from freshly harvested and crushed, aerial part of plants. The chemical compositions of ethanolic extract and essential oil of G. uliginosum L. (EOG) were investigated using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Nine constituents accounted for 77.3 % of the total detected components
were determined at the ethanolic extract with a high proportion of sterols 42.8%, fatty acids 24.1 %, triterpenes 14.4 %. Twenty constituents were identified in essential oil of G. uliginosum L.; with α-pinene and estragole accounting for 54.0 %. The ethanolic extract was found to have a moderate antimicrobial activity (MIC values varied from 125 to 500 μg/mL), for S. aureus, B. cereus and A. solani significant activity (less than 62.5 μg/mL). The essential oil was found to have a moderate (MICs 500-1000 μg/mL) and strong activities (31.3-250 μg/mL). The antioxidant activity was evaluated using chemiluminescent assay. The ethanolic extract of G. uliginosum L. acted as a medium-strength antioxidant at concentrations of less than 0.1 mg/mL. The essential oil made be regarded as a weak strength antioxidant.
Clinical status and behavior of patients with hyperprolactinemic hypogonadism treated by selected dopamine agonists
Authors: Melnichenko G. A. , Bobrov A. Ye. , Romantsova T. I. , Pavlova M. G. , Samsonova L. S. , Belyanchikova M. A. , Pyatnitskiy N. Yu.
Published: September 2019

Mental status and behavior were studied in 19 women aged 18-45 years with hyperprolactinemic hygonadism of different forms treated by selective dopamine receptor agonists (4 patients were treated with chinagolide and 15 with cabergolide). Appreciable improvement of the general clinical status was attained: biphasic menstrual cycle was restored, galactorrhea decreased, and prolactin level normalized. Sexual disorders and headaches reduced. Mental status improved: anxiety, depression, and severity of neurovegetative symptoms decreased. Hamilton score (anxiety) decreased from 16.5 to 9.1. Versatile personality investigation showed de creased profiles of the first, third, seventh, and eighth scales, which indicates decreased affective strain, reduction of psychological partitioning and sense of one's own inadequacy, and decreased liability to exert psychological pressure on other people by means of somatic symptoms available. However, these positive shifts in the mental status of patients were insufficiently complete and stable, despite the continuing decrease in prolactin level.
Regional hemodynamic changes in nodular goiter
Authors: Ul'yanova A E , Yarchenkova L L
Published: September 2019

The goal of the present study was to evaluate the clinical and diagnostic value of regional hemodynamic changes in the thyroid vessels and carotid beds in patients with different forms of nodular goiter in order to optimize further follow-up and treatment.

The study covered 120patients aged 25 to 40years (mean age 32.82±0.36 years) who had nodular goiter. A control group comprised 30 women comparable by age (mean age 32. 06±0. 44 years), who had a morphologically and functionally unchanged thyroid. After examined, the patients with nodular goiter were divided into group according to the identified morphological forms. Group 1 consisted of25 (20.8%) women (mean age 34.85±0.89 years) with signs of nodular malignancies; Group 2 included 35 (29.2%) patients (mean age 32.08±0.78years) with detected adenomas; Group 3 comprised 40 (33.3%) patients (mean age 33.6±1.08years) with colloidal nodules, and Group consisted 20 (16.7%) women (mean age 32.87±0.9 years) with signs of cysts. The study and comparison of the linear and volume parameters of arterial ducts to the euthyroid loves in nodular pathology were made, by taking into account the site of an abnormal focus and its morphological structure. The linear and volumetric bloodflow rates in the thyroid arteries ipsilaterally to the abnormal nodular of any morphological structure were found to be significantly higher (p < 0.05). Changes were revealed in blood flow parameters in the carotid bed in relation to the morphological structure of nodules.
Influence of genetic factors on the result of therapy for diffuse euthyroid goiter
Authors: Galkina N V , Troshina E A , Mazurina N V
Published: September 2019

The purpose of the present study was to investigate a relationship between the distribution of genotypes of the polymorphic markers TSHR (rs3783949, A/C substitution), NIS (rs7250346, C/G substitution), DUOXI (rs2467825, A/G substitution), DUOX2 (rs71713669, G/T substitution), and TRO (rs!7091737, G/T substitution) genes and the result of treatment for diffuse euthyroid goiter (DEG) using two regimens: monotherapy with iodine preparations and combined therapy with iodine and levothyroxine.

To identify a more effective and safe treatment for DEG, the authors compared thyroid volume, the levels of pituitary thyroid-stimulating hormone and thyroid peroxidase antibodies in two groups: 1) monotherapy with KI (200 pg/day) (n = 40) and 1) combined therapy with KI (100 pg) + L-T4(lpg/kg/day) (n = 41). According to the result of treatment, each group was divided into 2 subgroups: "fair result" and "poor result" (the thyroid volume failed to achieve the normal range or continued to increase). Correlation analysis was made to assess a relationship between the polymorphism of the genes and the result of therapy for DEG.

There was a significant correlation between the distribution of genotypes of the polymorphic marker the TSHR gene and the result of treatment for DES in the monotherapy group: there were prevalent AA + AC and CC genotypes with fair and poor results, respectively. There was no significant correlation between the distribution of the genotypes of the study polymorphic markers and the result of treatment using the combined therapy. Thus, the result of treatment for DES via monotherapy with iodine preparations may depend on genetic factors.
Thyroid hormone antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Gontar' I P , Starova O V , Aleksandrov A V , Zborovskiy A B
Published: September 2019

The goal of the study was to investigate thyroid functional activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to identify the specific features of the generation of thyroid hormone antibodies in RA patients depending on the activity of the disease. Seventy-five patients with RA (61 (81.4%) females and 14(18.6%) males; mean age 54.1±11.6years) were examined. Physical examination and measurements of the level of thyroid hormones (free T4 and free TJ and the number of their antibodies were made. Thirty healthy individuals were examined as controls. The sera from RA patients showed antibodies to T4 and T3 in 45 and 39% of cases. There was a rise in thyroxine levels and T4 antibody concentrations with the higher activity of RA. Along with the routine clinical and laboratory parameters, the values of T3 and T4 antibodies may be used as an additional tool to characterize the activity of RA genesis.
Molecular genetic verification of isolated mineralocorticoid deficiency due to aldosterone synthase deficiency
Authors: Kalinchenko N Yu , Zubkova N A , Tyulpakov A N
Published: September 2019

Isolated mineralocorticoid deficiency is a rare hereditary autosomal recessive disorder that is characterized by salt wasting and that has the severest manifestations in infants. This paper is the first in the Russian literature to describe cases of isolated aldosterone deficiency. In both cases, the patients were monitored and treated for misdiagnosed congenital adrenal hyperplasia; however, the permanently low level of 17-hydroxyprogesterone could put in doubt the diagnosis and suspect isolated mineralocorticoid deficiency, by keeping in mind a history of salt wasting. By using the presented cases as an example, the authors give an algorithm for the examination and differential diagnosis of this condition and other diseases that have the similar clinical picture. Aldosterone synthase deficiency in patients was verified by molecular genetic studies - there were mutations in the CYP112 gene.
Antidiabetic effect of Gymnema sylvestre-based medicinal complex
Authors: Spasov A A , Samokhina M P , Bulanov A E
Published: September 2019

The paper deals with the study of the antidiabetic mechanism of action of the medicine "Diabeta". The agent has been found to have a central effect (pancreatotropic one associated with insulin secretion stimulation) and a peripheral one (extrapancreatic effect associated with intestinal carbohydrate malabsorption).
Mapeamento da Vegetação Nativa do Cerrado na Região de Três Lagoas-MS com o Google Earth Engine
Authors: Estrabis Nayara Vasconcelos , Marcato Junior José , Pistori Hemerson
Published: September 2019

O Cerrado é um dos biomas existentes no Brasil e o segundo mais extenso da América do Sul. Possui grande importância devido a sua biodiversidade, ecossistema e principalmente por servir como um reservatório, ou “esponja”, que distribui água para os demais biomas, além de ser berço de nascentes de algumas das maiores bacias da América do Sul. No entanto, devido às atividades antrópicas praticadas (com destaque para a pecuária e silvicultura) e a redução da vegetação nativa, este bioma está ameaçado. Considerado como hotspot em biodiversidade, o Cerrado pode não existir em 2050. Com a necessidade de sua preservação, o objetivo desse trabalho consistiu em investigar o uso de algoritmos de aprendizado de máquina para realizar o mapeamento da vegetação nativa existente na região do município de Três Lagoas, utilizando a plataforma em nuvem Google Earth Engine. O processo foi realizado com uma imagem Landsat-8 OLI, datada de 10 de outubro de 2018, e com os algoritmos Random Forest (RF) e Support Vector Machine (SVM). Na validação da classificação, o RF e o SVM apresentaram índices kappa iguais a 0,94 e 0,97, respectivamente. O RF, quando comparado ao SVM, apresentou classificação mais ruidosa. Por fim, verificou-se a existência de vegetação nativa de aproximadamente 2556 km² ao adotar o RF e 2873 km² ao adotar SVM.
Planejamento de Rede de Monitoramento de Estruturas Empregando-se LST (Laser Scanner Terrestre)
Authors: Gonçalves Évelin Moreira , Veiga Luis A. Koenig
Published: September 2019

Neste trabalho, são apresentados os procedimentos realizados no projeto de uma rede de monitoramento geodésico de uma barragem, empregando-se Laser Scanner Terrestre (LST).  A premissa de que o modelo final do objeto tridimensional monitorado é gerado através da concatenação de diversas nuvens de pontos, obtidas a partir de várias estações de observação, norteou a definição de alguns critérios considerados no planejamento da coleta de dados em campo com LST. A definição desses critérios se deu a partir de testes realizados com o Laser Scanner FARO FOCUS 3D 120, em 9 diferentes cenários. Nos quais foi analisada a influência que alguns parâmetros, como a resolução da nuvem de pontos e a distância do LST em relação ao objeto, podem exercer no resultado final do monitoramento. Desta forma foi possível propor três diferentes hipóteses para a rede, baseadas nesses critérios. Em um modelo digital 3D da barragem da Usina Hidrelétrica (UHE) Mauá, local para o qual foi realizado o estudo, simulou-se amostras de dados para cada uma das três hipóteses. Estes dados foram utilizados nas equações de propagação de erros, gerando as incertezas esperadas para os pontos objeto de cada cena. A análise incluiu também as incertezas posicionais em função do diâmetro do feixe laser. Por fim, foi eleita a rede que melhor atendeu as expectativas do monitoramento do ponto de vista das precisões e da funcionalidade de coleta de dados em campo.
«No money, no honey»? Poverty and young men’s unmarried relationships in urban Burkina Faso
Authors: Calvès Anne E
Published: September 2019

In Burkina Faso, the expectation that a young man has to financially support his girlfriend is deeply rooted in gender norms and is a keystone of masculinity construction. With the persistent economic crisis, high unemployment rates, and the growing importance of materiality in intimate relationships, this economic obligation seems more and more difficult to fulfil, however. Qualitative studies have reported the frustration of unemployed and poorer young men in West African cities who face difficulties in attracting girlfriends due to their economic condition. This sexual marginalization of poorer city-dwellers, suggested by anthropological evidence, has yet to be explored quantitatively. This is the purpose of the study. Based on unique life history data collected from young adults in 2010 in the capital city of Ouagadougou, the present research examines the impact of poverty on young men’s sexual relationship histories. Although they engage in a number of premarital relationships, results suggest that young men in Ouagadougou are not equal in the search for sexual partners. The study provides support for the «sexual marginalization hypothesis» and shows that other things being equal, unemployed males and uneducated young men are significantly less likely than their better-off counterparts to engage in relationships over time
Indonesian teachers’ perception on classroom management: A sequential exploratory study on the process and problems
Authors: Muazza Muazza , Mukminin Amirul , Habibi Akhmad , Sari Siti Rahma , Haryanto Eddy , Hidayat Marzul
Published: September 2019

This study investigated classroom management, the implementation process and problems experienced by teachers in Indonesian schools in accordance with the latest 2013 Indonesian curriculum (K-13). This study was a mix-method study with a sequential exploratory approach. The main data were obtained qualitatively from thirty interview sessions with 15 teachers followed by quantitative data collection, survey with 452 teachers. The sites of the study were fifteen national senior high schools of one province located in the southern part of Indonesia. To assess the trustworthiness or reliability and validity of the study, we did triangulation, member checking and reflexivity in the qualitative phase and content validity and measured the survey Cronbach Alpha in the quantitative phase. The findings informed teaching standards, rules and procedures, classroom condition and situation, and timetable or schedule as the theme of the study in relation to the implementation process of K-13 in the research sites. Problems such as large class, teachers’ lack of technology competence, and schools’ lack of facilities as well as lack of discipline were elaborated. Furthermore, policy recommendations are proposed based on the findings of the study.
INDONESIA’S AIR SOVEREIGNTY ISSUES IN THE GLOBAL ERA
Authors: Prabandari Adya Paramita
Published: September 2019

A state has a government as the supreme authority that has a complete and exclusive jurisdiction over its territory. It is very important to Indonesia, with its vast territory, to preserve and uphold the state’s sovereignty, particularly over its airspace. Especially in this global era, when the rapid development of technologies resulting in the end of geography era, and the world seems to be borderless. The issue discussed in this paper is Indonesia’s air sovereignty issues in the global era. The things to be concerned by the Government of Indonesia on the management and protection of the state’s sovereignty over the airspace in the global era are: (1) the take over of the Flight Information Region above Riau and Natuna from Singapore FIR; (2) the prevention and suppression of airspace violation incidents; and (3) the impact of Indonesia’s ratification on the ASEAN Open Skies Policy to the protection of the sovereignty over Indonesia’s airspace. A state’s airspace is very strategic because it is the first fortress of a state, in which all foreign forces can fly in first. Therefore as a state with vast territory, the Government of Indonesia must work hard to be able to preserve and uphold the sovereignty over its territory, especially in defending the state’s sovereignty over its airspace in the global era.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MENENTUKAN KEBIMBANGAN KARIER PADA SISWA SMA KELAS XII
Authors: Akmal Sari Zakiah
Published: September 2019

Career decision is one of the major issue among XII grade of high school students, particularly choosing major in university. Most of high school students experience career indecision. There are some factors that predict career indecision problems among adolescents. This study aims to identify factors that significantly affect career indecision among high school students, particularly personality and career decision making self-efficacy factors. This study used quantitative method and data were collected using Indonesian version of Big Five Inventory, Career Decision Making Self-Efficacy Scale, and Career Decision Scale. We recruited 259 participants using incidental sampling (65.3% female, M age = 16.67 years, SD = .62). Hierarchical regression analysis demonstrated that personality factors, particularly openness to experiences and neuroticism predicted career indecision among high school students. Neuroticism was associated positively and openness to experiences was correlated negatively with career indecision. Meanwhile, career decision making self-efficacy was not correlated with career indecision. Therefore, practitioner should design an intervention to overcome student’s career indecision problem by reducing anxiety, decreasing fear in career decision making and encouraging students to looking for more information about their interest and career path.
BENEVOLENCE, COMPETENCY, AND INTEGRITY: WHICH IS MORE INFLUENTIAL ON TRUST IN FRIENDSHIPS?
Authors: Firmansyah Muhammad Reza , Amelia Riski , Jamil Rizky Amalia , Faturochman Faturochman , Minza Wenty Marina
Published: September 2019

Personal variables are often assumed to affect trust. In Indonesia, there are three personal variables that affect trust: benevolence, competence, and integrity. This study aims to examine the influence of these three variables on friendship relationships. The respondents of this study consists of 220 students of Universitas Gadjah Mada (44.1% male and 55.9% female). Data were collected using the Trust Scale (α = .74), the Benevolence Scale (α = .85), the Competence Scale (α = .80), and the Integrity Scale (α = .78). Regression analysis revealed that competence has no significant influence towards trust, and the role of benevolence is greater than integrity. Based on these findings we constructed regression models with benevolence as the main variable and integrity as an additional variable. As a single factor, the contribution of benevolence is 21.4%. The addition of integrity in the regression model finds that the contribution of both variables together is 29.2%.
Association between Oral Contraceptive Use and Interleukin-6 Levels and Periodontal Health
Authors: Farhad Shirin Z. , Esfahanian Vahid , Mafi Morvarid , Farkhani Nasim , Ghafari Mohamadreza , Refiei Ehsan , Ziaei Mohsen
Published: September 2019

Background and aims. Changes in the balance of sexual hormones during pregnancy decrease gingival crevicular fluid levels of interleukin-6 and the resistance of gingival tissue against inflammations. Hormonal contraceptives are agents that are based on the effects of gestational hormones and simulate a state of pregnancy; therefore, they prevent ovulation. This study evaluates the effect of these drugs on periodontal tissues and levels of IL-6 in gingival crevicular fluid. Materials and methods. Twenty-five patients who had not used oral contraceptives (control) and 35 patients using oral contraceptives (case) were examined clinically and their medical history, dosage and duration of oral contraceptives use were recorded. Periodontal indices such as bleeding on probing, plaque index, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment loss and levels of IL-6 in gingival crevicular fluid were measured. Student’s t-test and Mann-Whitney test were used to analyze data. Results. Mann-Whitney test showed a statistically significant difference in the mean of bleeding on probing in the case and control groups (P<0.05). Student’s t-test showed a statistically significant difference in the mean of IL-6 levels (P<0.05), probing pocket depth (P<0.05) and clinical attachment loss between the case and control groups (P<0.05) but no statistically significant differences were found between the plaque index of the case and control groups (P>0.05). Conclusion. It seems that use of oral contraceptives may affect the periodontal health status of patients, leading to more gingival inflammation. Therefore, patients must have a strict oral hygiene care.
Awareness Regarding the Effects of Periodontal Diseases on Coronary Heart System among Cardiologists in Tabriz, Iran
Authors: Kashefimehr Atabak , Faramarzi Masoumeh , Shirmohammadi Adileh , Zarandi Ali , Ilkhan Sina
Published: September 2019

Background and aims. Periodontal disease is common among adults and is a potential source of chronic inflammation. Recent data have suggested an important role for chronic inflammation in the development of coronary heart disease (CHD). The purpose of this study was to address cardiologists’ knowledge regarding the effects of periodontal diseases on coronary heart system. Materials and methods. A cross-sectional study was designed for cardiologists in Tabriz, Iran. A total of 54 cardiologists participated in the study. Each participant was given a self-administered questionnaire. It was a closed-ended questionnaire with responses presented as yes/no/don’t know choices. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results. Cardiologists’ knowledge about periodontal disease was moderate. Eighty-two percent of cardiologists agreed that inflammation is a key component between periodontal disease and CHD; 76% agreed that controlling infection and inflammation is important for managing CHD and 62% reported not receiving any education on oral healthcare. Eighty percent of cardiologists believed that medical and dental students should be trained to work collaboratively. Conclusion. It is important for educators and administrators in higher education to examine the need for interprofessional education and collaboration between medicine and dentistry.
Evaluation of Relationship between Streptococcus mutans, Dental Caries and IL-1α and IL-6
Authors: Eslami Hossein , Pouralibaba Firoz , Rezaii Sepas Roya , Zarandi Ali
Published: September 2019

Background and aims. Streptococcus mutans is an important species in oral microflora and its components have been found to stimulate production of proinflammatory cytokines in dental caries. The aim of this study was to evaluate proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1α and IL-6) in patients with S. mutans. Materials and methods. Seventy samples were selected during pulpectomy and investigated for the presence of IL-1α and IL-6 by ELISA. The results were analyzed by t-test (α = 0.05). Results. The results showed higher mean concentrations of IL-6 and IL-1a in inflamed pulpal tissues in subjects with dental caries associated with S. mutans, compared with intact pulpal tissue samples; these higher means were statistically significant in all cases (P<0.05). Conclusion. The results of this study suggested relations between the production of IL1-a and IL-6 in dental caries caused by S. mutans.
Awareness and knowledge of patients toward dental implants as an option in replacing missing teeth: A survey in Kerman, Iran
Authors: Fakheran Esfahani Omid , Moosaali Fereshte
Published: September 2019

Background. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the level, sources and quality of information on implant treatment as an option for replacement of missing teeth, among a selected sample of dental patients in Kerman, Iran. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 305 subjects who attended the 6 main dental clinics in Kerman, Iran during January and February 2014. A standardized self-administered closed-ended questionnaire, pretested through a pilot survey, was used in the study. The questionnaires were distributed among the subjects during their regular dental visits. Data obtained from the questionnaires were scored and analyzed with SPSS 16.0. Results. The results showed that 76.7% of the subjects had heard about dental implant as a treatment modality. Regarding dental implants, dentists were the main source of information (40.7%), followed by the relatives and friends (17.0%). Lack of precise knowledge about implant therapy was the major factor preventing the subjects from choosing this kind of treatment in 35.7% of the subjects and the high cost of implant procedure (31.5%) was the second obstacle. Concerning the subjects’ opinion about the quality of implant therapy, 73.1% of the subjects indicated "excellent" or "good" and just 14.1% of them mentioned "poor" or "very poor" option. Conclusion. The results of this survey showed that the majority of the participants were aware about dental implants as an option for replacing missing teeth. It also showed the important role of dentists in providing accurate information for the patients about this treatment option.
The effect of mini-implant design on peri-implantitis and pain level after insertion in orthodontic treatment: A prospective clinical study
Authors: MohammadI Amir , ZarghamI Afsaneh , Sadrhaghigh Amir Hooman
Published: September 2019

Background. Orthodontic mini-implants provide skeletal anchorage for tooth movement. There are two designs of miniimplants, tapered and cylindrical, which exhibit different clinical characteristics, including possible micro-damage to cortical bone. Complications such as peri-implantitis and pain after mini-implant placement are common. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of mini-implant design on peri-implantitis and post-insertion pain level. Methods. A total of 152 tapered and cylindrical mini-implants were randomly inserted into 76 patients (17 male, 59 female) who were over 16 years of age. Peri-implantitis was assessed using signs of inflammation around mini-implant head. Pain levels of injection, during and immediately after insertion up to one week after implantation, were registered using an 11-point horizontal visual analogue scale (VAS). Data were analyzed using chi-squared and Mann-Whitney U tests. Results. Peri-implantitis was observed in 7% of mini-implants. There was no significant difference between tapered and cylindrical mini-implants in the number of peri-implantitis cases (P > 0.05). Post-insertion pain increased for 6 hours after insertion, and then decreased gradually. None of the patients reported pain a week after mini-implant insertion. There was no significant difference in pain levels of the two groups at all time intervals (P > 0.05). Maximum post-insertion pain (6 hours after implantation: 2.52 ± 2.66) was significantly higher than injection pain (1.38±1.71) (P < 0.001). Conclusion. It was concluded that mini-implant design had no significant effect on peri-implantitis and post-insertion pain level
Designing and Evaluation of a Professional Iranian Software Package for Electronic Medical Record Documentation of Patients Referred to Periodontics Departments
Authors: Yaghini Jaber , Aminzadeh Ania , Moghareh Abed Ahmad , Saeidi Alireza , Naghsh Narges
Published: September 2019

Background. This project aimed to design, develop and evaluate an integrated professional software package for filing the medical records of patients referred to periodontics departments. The software was intended to provide a range of features, including the availability of voice commands and retrieval of patient information based on different indices and characteristics. Methods. The overall percentage of satisfaction with the software was 90%. Moreover, 86.66% of the respondents preferred digital dental records to conventional records. Satisfaction in the reduced time of information registration and the advanced search options and availability of voice commands were 84% and 100%, respectively. Results. The overall percentage of satisfaction with the software was 90%. Moreover, 86.66% of the respondents preferred digital dental records to conventional records. Satisfaction in the reduced time of information registration and the advanced search options and availability of voice commands were 84% and 100%, respectively. Conclusion. According to the users' opinions, different features of the software, availability of voice commands and advanced search options, facilitated its use and decreased the timerequired for filing medical records. These features increased the users’ interest in the software
La coopérative internationale. Des collectivités territoriales : regards croisés France/Canada
Authors: Dali Chantale , Fall Marie , Jean-Jacques Gérard
Published: September 2019

Les collectivités territoriales jouent un rôle de plus en plus important dans la mise en oeuvre de programmes de développement international. Par conséquent, la coopération internationale devient un champ pertinent pour les chercheurs et les intervenants qui doivent produire des connaissances permettant de mieux promouvoir les initiatives locales de développement. Cette production a pour objectif de mieux comprendre les enjeux et les défis de la coopération internationale des collectivités territoriales en France et au Canada. Pour atteindre cet objectif, nous avons procédé à un examen des pratiques de coopération recueillies dans divers documents gouvernementaux; mais, nous avons également analysé des articles et d’autres documents scientifiques. De cette analyse, il ressort qu’en France et au Canada, la coopération internationale des collectivités territoriales n’est pas désignée par le même concept, ne se déploie pas selon les mêmes approches, mais poursuit les mêmes objectifs.
L' économie minière de l’orpaillage artisanal dans les sociétés post-conflit : jeux des acteurs et enjeux de développement et de coopération internationale. Étude de cas en Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Soko Constant
Published: September 2019

L’économie minière de l’orpaillage artisanal est apparue en Côte d’Ivoire dans les années 2000, à la suite d’une rébellion qui s’est emparée du nord du pays. Les rebelles ont mis en place cette économie en vue de trouver des ressources afin de faire face à l’effort de guerre et d’apporter un semblant d’activité économique dans les différentes régions sous leur contrôle. Depuis, cette activité a continué et est devenue l’activité économique principale dans les différentes zones rurales du pays après la réunification du pays. Cette économie, bien qu’apportant des revenus conséquents aux mineurs et aux populations locales, ne peut pas assurer, à elle seule, le développement local et a besoin d’un soutien aussi bien de l’État que des multinationales d’extraction minière pour un partenariat public privé. Ceci est d’autant plus important que les mineurs artisanaux ont de l’expertise aussi bien sur le plan de l’extraction que celui de la commercialisation. Ils maitrisent le marché local et sous régional qui est différent de celui des multinationales. Une coopération entre l’État, les orpailleurs artisanaux et les multinationales d’extraction minière pourrait permettre de créer de milliers d’emplois et réduire les conséquences environnementales et les risques d’accident, ce qui pourrait entrainer un véritable développement local dans les différentes régions. La coopération internationale devrait en effet se pencher sur ces derniers aspects.
The Spatially Explicit Water Footprint of Blue Jeans: Spatial Methods in Action for Sustainable Consumer Products and Corporate Management of Water
Authors: Vos Robert O.
Published: September 2019

To improve and to protect brand reputation, corporate sustainability officers must assist with decisions about how to manage supply chains to avoid deleterious impacts from consumer products, such as food or clothing. This case study shows how one method typically used to identify problematic materials and sources in a supply chain, life cycle assessment, can be made spatially explicit for water footprints. Water must be understood spatially because the use of the same amount of water in an arid place creates more ecological damage than the use of water in places with ample water resources. This case reports on the development of a spatially explicit water footprint for Guess?, Inc., a global apparel company to highlight “hot spots” of negative impacts on water resources. Freshwater resources consumed throughout the life cycle for a pair of blue jeans were assessed, including the growth of cotton, production of the fabric and other materials, industrial laundering, and washing by the consumer. The locations of these steps were then mapped with a geographic information system to generate spatially explicit water impact estimates. Engaging with this case, students will learn about key methodological choices and limitations in such projects, think about how to advise the company on steps to be taken in its water management action plan, and reflect on the implications for sustainable corporate management of consumer products.
The Gender Gap and Career Path of the Academic Profession Under the Civil Service System at a Religious University in Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Toyibah Dzuriyatun
Published: September 2019

In this article I argue that male academics under civil servant system in a religious university still dominate the highest academic positions. This study applies logistic regression (binary and ordinal regression) since the available data, especially for dependent variable, is categorical and it does not fulfil the assumption of ordinary least square. By applying ordinal regression, gender is found to be undetected compared to other variables (age, length of tenure, and educational qualifications). Nevertheless, a statistical analysis utilising binary regression indicates that gender is a significant factor along with length of tenure and educational qualifications. The data obtained from the religious university is made up of the curriculum vitae of 749 academics in 2012 who are nearly all civil servants at the university.
Social Networks Among Small-Scale Fishermen in Cilincing As a Strategy to Dealing With Uncertainty in Finding Fish Resources
Authors: Pamungkas Dwiditya
Published: September 2019

This study discussed about utilization of social networks owned by Cilincingâ€™s small scale fishermen as strategy to facing uncertainty in the search of fish resources. The uncertainty conditions occurs due to environmental changes caused by the reclamation project of the bay of Jakarta and the disposal of waste derived from economic activities carried out in the coastal areas of North Jakarta. Uncertainty in the search for fish resources makes Cilincing's small scale fishermen have no fixed reguler income and that makes them very vulnerable to fall into poverty. This study used a qualitative approach by doing in-depth interviews and observations in the life of Cilincingâ€™s small scale fishermen. Based on the results of data collection, this study found that the forms of networks utilized by Cilincingâ€™s small scale fishermen is a network between individuals and network between individuals with institutions. They used those networks to obtain informations and access into resources they need to survive.