bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
JUDICIAL ASPECTS OF LEGALIZING MEDICAL CANNABIS IN UKRAINE AND THE EXPERIENCE OF GERMANY
Authors: Petlina Tetiana Valeriivna
Published: April 2024

In this article, the author discusses the Ukraine's Draft Law No. 7457 on the legalization of the use of medical cannabis for patients suffering from severe ailments. As a positive example of such regulation, the author observes the German law of March 6, 2017 as well as relevant case law, namely the cases of the Land Social Court of Baden-Württemberg, and the Federal Supreme Social Court. Within the prism of jurisprudence, the author researches of how does the adopted legislation work in relation to supply of medical cannabis to the patients suffering from severe ailments. The findings of the author are that this administrative procedure is in fact quite difficult to fulfill and has got a number of precautions: the patient has to prove he or she suffers from a severe disease, and no alternative means of treatment are either available, or are unacceptable for a concrete case. Hence, in case the dispute arrives to the court, it is the patient’s task to fulfill the provisions of Art. 31 (6) of the Fifth Book of the Social Code of 1988 by proving the severity of the condition and the lack or alternative therapy, or its insufficiency by appropriate medical records and certificates of physicians. The existing case law shows that courts consider this evidence with a large scrutiny and it may be very complicated for a patient to prove that a medical cannabis-based therapy is the only means of treatment that is available. The cases, discussed in the article, are commented in much detail, so the reader may acquaint himself or herself of how do disputes in this field of social law proceed, and whether patients are able to prove the necessity of a medical cannabis-based therapy to them.
Effects of light-emitting diodes on the morphology and accumulation of glucosinolates, carotenoids and phenolic acids in red kale sprouts
Authors: Bungala Leonel Tarcisio da Cristina , Sathasivam Ramaraj , Park Jong Seok , Kim Jae Kwang , Park Sang Un
Published: April 2024

Kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) has gained popularity as a nutritious and phytochemical-rich vegetable. This study has investigated the effects of three LED treatments (white, blue, and red) on the accumulation of secondary metabolites in kale sprouts. Ten DAS, the kale sprouts were harvested, and growth measurements were measured. Furthermore, selected sprouts were stored at -80 °C for further biochemical analysis, namely, phenolic acids, glucosinolates, and carotenoids. Sprouts irradiated with red LED light showed the best SL, RT, and FW values. For total GSLs, we found that kale sprouts irradiated with white LED lights showed the best results (41.59±0.41 μmol/g DW). Among the aliphatic GSLs, we found that progoitrin presented the best results under blue LED light (17.93±0.49 µmol/g DW), and among the indolic GSLs, glucobrassicin showed the best results under white and red LED light. The highest concentration of total carotenoids was found in kale sprouts under white LED light exposure (3341.27±206.96 μg/g DW). Individually, β-carotene was observed in high concentration under white LED light (1935.13±87.21 μg/g DW). Among the PAs, chlorogenic acid was found in the highest concentration in the treatments under white LED light (45.78±0.73 µg/g DW). In general, kale sprouts irradiated with white LED light showed high contents of GSLs, carotenoids, and PAs. Regarding morphological characteristics, kale sprouts under red LED light showed the most promise. This research offers a valuable approach to enhancing the phytochemicals found in kale sprouting.
La selección de texto guía para la enseñanza-aprendizaje de idiomas
Authors: Oviedo A. Tito Nelson
Published: April 2024

Resumen
Reflexiones sobre el texto de español para primaria y sus usuarios: el maestro y el niño
Authors: Ospina Dora
Published: April 2024

Resumen
Enseñanza de la gramática del español
Authors: Oviedo A. Tito Nelson
Published: April 2024

Resumen
Reflexiones sobre la utilidad de la traducción en la enseñanza del inglés como lengua extranjera
Authors: De Mejía Anne-Marie
Published: April 2024

Resumen
EVALUASI PERMASALAHAN GAS INTERFERENCE PADA ELECTRICAL SUBMERSIBLE PUMP DI SUMUR MD-17
Authors: Hermawan Bagus Danial , Welayaturromadhona Welayaturromadhona , Saputri Eriska Eklezia Dwi , Sari Riska Laksmita , Abror Hadziqul
Published: April 2024

Natural flow can not be performed in the reservoir from the MD-17 well. The most likely reason is because it is classified as a mature well, so an Artificial Lift is needed. The artificial lifting mechanism used is the Electrical Submersible Pump. In this research, the writer analyze the problem of "Gassy" condition or interference. The MD-17 well problem shows that the free gas in this well is 245.213 mscf. Moreover, the amount of free gas that enters the Pump is 8%. From these problems, it causes ESP become disrupted and not produce optimally. The solution to the gas interference problem at the MD-17 Well is the bleed off method and using Advance Gas Handling. The first method is with bleed off method for improve ESP performance so that production will be stable. Then the second method of handling gas interference is by using Advance Gas Handling. From the data analysis and calculation with the formula for AGH, it can produce efficiency in dealing with Gas Interference, so can produce 64.4 mscf of gas from Pump Intake and then can increasing production.
ANALISIS PERFORMA DIAMOND BIT DAN CONE BIT DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE SPECIFIC ENERGY DI LAPANGAN JS SUMUR P2 DAN Q5 PT. PERTAMINA ASSET 3
Authors: Hasbullah Andrea , Bungasalu Benny Abraham , Mulyadi Mulyadi
Published: April 2024

The JS field in the North West Java Basin consists of 6 formations, namely Jatibarang, Talang Akar, Baturaja, Upper Cibulakan, Parigi, Cisubuh formations. The formation that is proven to have the potential to develop is the Middle Cibulakan formation. The formations have different hardness characteristics and certainly require different bits to penetrate the specified formation.From these indications, the performance of the drill bits used in the JS field will be analyzed, namely the P2 and Q5 wells. In the P2 well, the performance of the Diamond Bit drill bit at a depth of 0-2500 ft is analyzed. While the Q5 well uses a Roller Cone Bit drill bit at a depth of 0-3000ft. The method used is Specific energy.From the bit performance analysis, the rocks penetrated are from the softest, medium to hard. For Diamond Bit on runs 1-2 show a low value because the penetrated formation is still soft, on runs 3-5 begin to show an increase in SE value because the formation is medium. And on runs 6-8 show a high value because the formation has started to hard. As for the Roller Cone Bit in runs 1-2 shows a low value because the formation is relatively soft, there is an increase in runs 3-5 although there is a decrease in the 4th run due to formation incompactness. However, the 6-8 runs show an increase again because the penetrated formation is classified as hard. So it can be concluded that the rock formation factor can affect the performance of the drill bit.
PERHITUNGAN TEKANAN DARI ALIRAN RADIAL FLUIDA INKOMPRESSIBLE PADA RESERVOIR
Authors: Satiawati Listiana , Harin Widiyatni  , Dalimunthe Yusraida Khairani
Published: April 2024

This research is a continuation of several previous studies that have been published, in general studying fluid flow in reservoirs. There are 2 fluid flows in reservoirs, namely linear and radial, while there are 3 types of fluids, namely incompressible, slightly compressible and compressible.
In this study, the pressure and pressure drop of incompressible fluids at a certain distance from the well to the reservoir are calculated. The equation used to calculate fluid pressure is derived from the Darcy Equation. To obtain accurate data, the calculations are carried out repeatedly with 1 ft intervals, namely to get an overview of changes in pressure. The initial calculations were done manually but because the calculations were quite difficult and repetitive, the Fortran software was used to calculate them.

Numerical calculations were carried out with some rock permeability data. The calculated results obtained pressure characteristics from a certain radius to the well with several values of rock permeability and these results are expressed by a graph between pressure and radius.
POLA SEBARAN AKUIFER DENGAN METODE RESISTIVITAS ADMT DI DAERAH DESA BENDELAN, BINAKAL, BONDOWOSO
Authors: Apriniyadi Mohammad , Nuryana Suherman Dwi , Setyorini Dyah Ayu , Yudiantoro Dwi Fitri , Yuda Himes Fitra , Ladesta Aldis
Published: April 2024

Daerah resapan air adalah salah satu bagian terpenting dalam siklus hidrologi yang ditujukan untuk mengalirkan air tanah, sehingga menentukan stabilitas dan keberlanjutan air tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi air tanah pada daerah penelitian. Penelitian ini dilakukan didaerah Kecamatan Binakal, Kabupaten Bondowoso, Provinsi Jawa Timur dengan tujuan mengetahui sebaran akuifer di daerah tersebut. Metodologi yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah pemetaan lapangan (survey) dan pengambilan data resistivitas batuan dengan menggunakan metode ADMT. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pengambilan data jenis batuan, jenis tanah, pengukuran resistivitas ADMT dan data muka air tanah di lapangan sebagai data primernya dan juga menggunakan data sekunder berupa peta kelerengan, peta curah hujan, serta peta tutupan lahan yang kemudian dari data–data tadi diolah menggunakan sistem informasi geografis sehingga menghasilkan peta zonasi dan kedalaman air tanah. Sumber air tanah (akuifer) terbagi menjadi 3 lapisan, lapisan pertama merupakan akuifer bebas dengan kedalaman antara 10 meter sampai 40 meter. Akuifer ini menyebar diseluruh area penelitian. Lapisan akuifer yang kedua merupakan akuifer tertekan dengan kedalaman antara 140 m hingga 200 m. akuifer ini terpisahkan atas batuan  kedap air. Lapisan akuifer yang ketiga merupakan lapisan akuifer dalam dan merupakan akuifer artesis dengan kedalaman diatas 250 meter. Nilai rata-rata resistivitas batuan di deerah penelitian antara 4 hingga 14 ohm meter dengan batuan penyusun adalah batu pasir.
Resenha do livro: Cheniaux E, Cruz T. Fogo & cinzas: as incríveis histórias de bipolares famosos
Authors: De Caro Caio Silveira , Souza Karla de , Lovcke Jéssica , Almeida Gabriela de , Guadagnin Daniel Ampessan , Ferelli Mariana Sampaio Silva
Published: April 2024

Sumário do livro
Prefácio
Apresentação
Introdução 1. Transtorno bipolar, uma doença grave
Introdução 2. Transtorno bipolar, uma doença grave que teria vantagens compensatórias
Capítulo 1. Alberto Santos-Dumont
Capítulo 2. Carrie Fisher
Capítulo 3. Edgar Allan Poe
Capítulo 4. Ernest Hemingway
Capítulo 5. George III da Inglaterra
Capítulo 6. Kanye West
Capítulo 7. Kay Jamison
Capítulo 8. Maria I de Portugal
Capítulo 9. Patrick Kennedy
Capítulo 10. Richard Dreyfuss
Capítulo 11. Robert Schumann
Capítulo 12. Stephen Fry
Capítulo 13. Sylvia Plath
Capítulo 14. Ulysses Guimarães
Capítulo 15. Vincent Van Gogh
Capítulo 16. Virginia Woolf
Capítulo 17. Vivien Leigh
Considerações Finais
Depressão em mulheres
Authors: Silva Antônio Geraldo da , Bicca Carla Hervê Moram , Silva Sandra Paula Peu da
Published: April 2024

19 de março de 2024 (terça-feira) às 20h30
No Instagram da ABP: @abpbrasil
Apresentação: Antônio Geraldo
Transmissão ao vivo: RecPlay Produtora
Produção: Departamento de Comunicação da ABP
Realização: Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria - ABP
Fenômeno do impostor e sua relação com depressão e ansiedade em acadêmicos de medicina
Authors: Monreal Carlos Gabriel Pires , Cunha Yasmin Naray Gasparetto da , Portela Marianna Coelho , Nôvo Enzo Mileo , Silva Luciana Pugliese da
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: Analisar a relação entre Fenômeno do Impostor (FI), aspectos sociais, ansiedade e depressão em acadêmicos de medicina. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal, descritivo e quantitativo com 213 estudantes entre o primeiro e oitavo período do Curso de Graduação em Medicina de uma instituição privada de ensino. Utilizaram-se um questionário sociodemográfico, Escala de Clance do FI, Inventário de Depressão de Beck (BDI) e Inventário de Ansiedade de Beck (BAI). Resultados: Foi observada diferença significativa nas pontuações do FI entre os sexos, com uma média de 3,25 para mulheres e 2,8 para homens (p = 0,0075). Além disso, diferenças significativas do FI foram encontradas entre as faixas etárias, destaque para 18 a 24 e 25 a 34 anos (p = 0,0248). Houve também correlação positiva entre FI e depressão (rs = 0,5989, p < 0,0001) e entre FI e ansiedade (rs = 0,5705, p < 0,0001). Conclusão: A realização deste estudo revelou uma interação diretamente proporcional entre FI, ansiedade e depressão, além de demostrar que o sexo feminino e a faixa etária entre 18 e 24 anos, possuem maiores chances de desenvolver FI. Outras pesquisas devem ser feitas com intervenções para o FI que demonstrem impacto positivo na saúde mental.
Programa de Gerenciamento da Terapia Antimicrobiana em um hospital: indicadores e estudo farmacoeconônico
Authors: Portela Mileyde Ponte , Martins Bruna Cristina Cardoso , Silva Abel Brasil Ramos da , Arrais Paulo Sérgio Dourado , Oliveira Cristiani Lopes Capistrano Gonçalves de , Fonteles Marta Maria de França
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: Descrever o estudo farmacoeconômico de um Programa de Gerenciamento da Terapia Antimicrobiana realizado em um hospital. Métodos: Estudo nos anos de 2019 a 2021, do tipo exploratório, descritivo e quantitativo, sobre um Programa de gerenciamento, trazendo a intervenção proposta baseada na auditoria prospectiva da terapia antimicrobiana, revelando seus dados em forma de indicadores. Aplicado a análise do tipo custo-minimização. Os dados foram analisados por estatística descritiva com auxílio do software IBM SPSS Statistics. O estudo foi aprovado por Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultados: Foram acompanhados 2993 pacientes. Nos achados, uma média de uso de 2,5 antimicrobianos, 1,6 estratégias propostas por paciente e taxa de aceitação de 97,4% (n= 5718). A média da taxa de custo direto minimizado foi de 32,5% (R$ 68.407,21) por mês, e de R$ 685,67 economizados por cada paciente. Ainda foi estimado que se o estudo tivesse uma cobertura total de leitos desde o início da implantação do Programa, isto poderia incrementar em 17,2% (R$ 353.220,61) o custo direto minimizado total do estudo. Conclusão: O Programa se mostrou eficaz quanto à redução no custo direto de antimicrobianos através das estratégias propostas pela equipe multidisciplinar.
Kamu çalışanlarının yapay zeka kaygı düzeylerinin belirlenmesi: Kastamonu örneği
Authors: Şen Alper Tunga
Published: April 2024

Bu çalışmanın esas amacı kamu çalışanlarının yapay zeka teknolojilerine ilişkin kaygı durumlarının incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırma Kastamonu ilinde kamu sektöründe faaliyet gösteren kamu çalışanları ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan anket yöntemi ile 393 kamu çalışanından veriler elde edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde SPSS 25 paket programı kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada kullanılan ölçeklerin güvenirliği için Cronbach Alfa ve KMO değerleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada Wang & Wang (2019) tarafından geliştirilen ve Akkaya vd. (2021) tarafından Türkçe'ye çevrilmiş olan 16 maddelik yapay zeka kaygı ölçeği (YZKÖ) kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada ikili grupların karşılaştırılmasında t testi ve ikiden fazla grubun karşılaştırılmasında ise Anova testinden yararlanılmıştır. Verilerin analiz edilmesinin ardından kamu çalışanlarının yapay zeka kaygı ortalaması ile sosyo-demografik değişkenlerden olan eğitim durumu ve katılımcıların yaşları arasında anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilmiştir. Ancak diğer sosyo-demografik değişkenler ve yapay zeka kaygı değişkeni arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık bulunamamıştır. Son olarak kamu çalışanlarının yapay zeka kaygı durumlarının orta düzeyin üstünde olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonuç kısmında ise kamu çalışanlarının yapay zeka teknolojileri ile ilgili kaygı düzeylerinin azaltılması ile ilgili öneriler sunulmuştur. Bu sayede gelecek yıllarda daha etkin ve verimli işleyen bir kamu yönetimi sistemi oluşabilir.
Evaluation of the financial performance of electricity generation companies using the Grey relational analysis method
Authors: Arıkan Kargı V. Sinem
Published: April 2024

In the study, 10 electricity generation companies on the Fortune 500 list were examined using nine criteria. These companies are listed in the top 40 in terms of installed power. The aim of the study was to determine the financial performances of the companies with the entropy-weighted Grey Relationship Analysis (GRA) method by obtaining the 2021 data of the criteria from the websites of the relevant companies. As a result of the weighting made by the entropy method, it was determined that the most important criterion was the export income. These criteria were determined as equity, total assets, net sales, asset turnover, equity turnover, profit before interest/tax , change in profit before interest/tax, and as change in net sales respectively. After the weights of the criteria were calculated with the entropy method, the GRA method was used to rank the alternatives. Çelikler company was determined to be the best electricity generation company with the highest degree of relationship. This company was followed by Odaş, Gama, İçdaş, Limak, Akenerji, Zorlu, Enerjisa, Aksa and Enka respectively.
Anadolu’nun MIS 9 Karasal Karbonat Kayıtları ve Paleoiklimsel Çıkarımlar: Örtülü/Sarıkavak (Afyon), Karahallı (Uşak) ve Bahçecik (Gümüşhane)
Authors: Tagliasacchi Ezher , Kayseri Özer Mine Sezgül , Kandemir Raif
Published: April 2024

Denizel izotop fazlarından biri olan ve buzul arası döneme karşılık gelen MIS 9 dönemi, günümüzdeki sıcak dönem için bir analog olarak görülmektedir. Ancak karasal karbonat çökellerinden bu döneme ait veriler oldukça sınırlıdır. Bu çalışmada, Anadolu’nun farklı bölgelerinde yüzlek veren traverten ve tufa gibi karasal karbonatların MIS 9 buzul arası dönemine ait kayıtları incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla, GB-Anadolu’dan iki lokasyona (Örtülü/Sarıkavak (Afyon) ve Karahallı (Uşak)) ve KD-Anadolu’dan bir lokasyona (Bahçecik, Gümüşhane) ait karasal karbonat çökellerinin MIS 9 verileri, ayrıntılı olarak incelenmiştir. Sedimantolojik, izotopik ve palinolojik verilerin ışığında, MIS 9 buzul arası dönemin ortamsal ve iklimsel koşulları ortaya konmuştur. MIS 9 döneminde çökelimine devam etmiş olan Örtülü travertenler, sığ bir göl ortamında çöküntü depolanma sistemi içinde çökelirken Sarıkavak tufaları ise orta-yüksek eğimli bir topoğrafyanın egemen olduğu, akarsu ortamında çökelmişlerdir. Karahallı travertenleri ise, tektonizmanın etkin olduğu sığ bir göl kenarı ortamında çökelmişlerdir. Bir diğer çalışma alanı olan Bahçecik travertenleri ise, çöküntü ve yamaç depolanma sistemi içinde çökelmiş traverten oluşuklarıdır. MIS 9 döneminde, GB-Anadolu’da yer alan Karahallı travertenleri ve Örtülü/Sarıkavak karasal karbonatlarında δ13C duraylı izotopları, pozitife yakın (‰ -0,47 ile ‰ 1,86) değerler sunarken δ18O duraylı izotop değerleri ise negatiftir (‰ -9,67 ile ‰ -8,72). Ancak KD-Anadolu’da MIS 9 dönemine ait duraylı izotop değerlerinde önemli bir farklılık gözlenmiştir. δ13C izotop değerleri daha pozitif (‰ 4,5 ile ‰ 5,0) iken, δ18O değerleri ise çok daha negatiftir (‰ -14,67 ile ‰ -14,6). Karbon ve oksijen izotop değerlerindeki bu belirgin farklılık, yağış/buharlaşma ile doğrudan ilişkilidir. Palinolojik kayıtlara göre, MIS 9e ve MIS9a arasında önemli bir farklılık kaydedilmiş ve nemlilikte göreceli bir değişim tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen tüm veriler ışığında, Anadolu’da MIS 9 dönemi, belli dönemlerde yağışın azaldığı kuraklaşmanın hüküm sürdüğü iklimsel dalgalanmalar gösterse de genel itibariyle daha ılıman ve yağışlı bir dönem olduğu söylenebilir.
Mekanisme Pelanggaran Pemilu di Bawaslu
Authors: Robenson Michael Kennedy
Published: April 2024

Every election law enforcement is handled by an institution or agency that has the authority to supervise and enforce laws related to elections. In many countries, this task is usually carried out by an electoral body or electoral commission which is independent and has the authority to regulate and supervise the electoral process, as well as to take action against law violations that occur during elections, and the police institution also plays an important role in dealing with criminal election violations that are election participants and volunteers.
Peningkatan Income Generating Kelompok Mentari Desa Sungai Kupah Melalui Peningkatan Kapasitas Dan Inovasi Produk Berbahan Baku Udang Merah
Authors: Anggela Pepy , Imansyah Fitri , Taufiqurrahman Muhammad
Published: April 2024

Mitra Kelompok Mentari dibentuk tahun 2016, dan memiliki 8 orang anggota yang diketuai oleh Ibu Muharni. Komoditas produk yang dihasilkan mitra Kelompok Mentari desa Sungai Kupah adalah produk stik udang yaitu snack berbahan baku utama dari udang. Setiap bulan mitra hanya menghasilkan sekitar 1.600 kemasan stik udang berukuran 100 gram/bungkus, dan dijual dengan harga Rp.10.000/kemasan. Biaya produksi yang dibutuhkan untuk menghasilkan 100 gram stik udang siap jual adalah sekitar Rp.8.000 – Rp.8.500 tergantung fluktuasi harga bahan baku, sehingga keuntungan yang bisa diperoleh sekitar Rp.1.500 – Rp.2.000/kemasan. Pengolahan stik udang sampai saat ini dilakukan mitra dengan peralatan produksi yang sederhana, misalnya pada proses pencampuran dan pengadukan bahan baku stik udang masih menggunakan tenaga manusia, sehingga membutuhkan waktu yang realtif lama dan melelahkan. Selain itu pengetahuan dan keterampilan yang dimiliki oleh mitra juga terbatas, sehingga yang dihasilkan hanya berupa produk stik udang. Pemasaran produk stik udang masih dilakukan secara konvensional oleh mitra. Konsumen tetap produk stik udang milik mitra sampai saat diantaranya baru pihak minimarket Mitra Anda, Dewan Kerajinan Nasional (Dekranasda) Kabupaten Kubu Raya, Pengelola Wisata Mangrove Desa Sungai Kupah, dan Koperasi Karyawan (Kopkar) Pertamina Kabupaten Kubu Raya, dengan total mencapai sekitar 500 kemasan ukuran 100 gram. Selain itu, diketahui dalam 1 bulan sebanyak kurang lebih 48 kg berupa limbah cangkang (kulit) dan kepala udang dihasilkan dari proses produksi pengolahan stik udang, yang sampai saat ini belum dimanfaatkan oleh mitra untuk diolah menjadi produk lain yang memiliki nilai tambah bagi peningkatan perekonomian mitra. Pada kegiatan PKM ini, solusi yang diberikan merupakan diseminasi dari hasil penelitian dan dilakukan melalui hibah produk teknologi tepat guna berupa mesin pengaduk bahan baku, alat pencetak stik udang dan mesin deep fryer, serta pelatihan tentang manajemen dan kewirausahaan.
Perberdayaan Melalui Peningkatan Keterampilan Pembuatan Pelet Ikan di Desa Limbung Kecamatan Sungai Raya
Authors: Wahyudi Tri , Priadi Eka
Published: April 2024

Tingginya permintaan pakan ikan tidak dibarengi dengan harga ikan. Besarnya kebutuhan pakan ikan, dan semakin tingginya harga pakan, menyebabkan usaha kolam ikan yang dikelola mitra sering kali mengalami kerugian. Pasokan pakan yang masih didatangkan dari luar pulau Kalimantan, menyebabkan harga pakan terus berfluktuatif. Saat ini harga pakan ikan untuk pembesaran berkisar Rp.9.500 s/d Rp.14.500 per kilo, sedangkan harga ikan antara Rp. 19.000 s/d Rp. 25.000 per kilo.   Dedak yang cukup berlimpah, dan berharga murah menjadi alternatif pembuatan pakan ikan, hanya saja saat ini mitra belum memiliki teknologi pembuatan pellet ikan.Melalui kegiatan PKM ini akan dihibahkan 1 unit Mesin Pelet Serbaguna , disamping itu akan dilakukan pemberdayaan kelompok  tani melalui pelatihan, dan pendampingan mitra terkait cara penggunaan mesin, dan perawatannya serta bagaimana cara pembuatan pelet ikan.Target luaran dari program ini adalah hibah 1 Mesin Pelet Ikan Serbaguna, artikel ilmiah yang dipublikasikan melalui jurnal ber ISSN, video yang dipublikasikan pada portal youtube,  publikasi di media massa/elektronik dan meningkatnya kemampuan mitra sehingga menjadi tenaga terampil yang mampu mengoperasikan Mesin dan mampu menghasilkan pellet ikan yang unggul.
Development of an untargeted DNA adductomics method by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry
Authors: La Barbera Giorgia , Spenser Shuler Marshal , Hammershøj Beck Søren , Ibsen Per Holger , Lindberg Lars Joachim , Gàsdal Karstensen John , Dragsted Lars Ove
Published: April 2024

Background: Genotoxicants originating from inflammation, diet, and environment can covalently modify DNA, possibly initiating the process of carcinogenesis. DNA adducts have been known for long, but the old methods allowed to target only a few known DNA adducts at a time, not providing a global picture of the “DNA adductome”. DNA adductomics is a new research field, aiming to screen for unknown DNA adducts by high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). However, DNA adductomics presents several analytical challenges such as the need for high sensitivity and for the development of effective screening approaches to identify novel DNA adducts. Results: In this work, a sensitive untargeted DNA adductomics method was developed by using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled via an ESI source to a quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometric instrumentation. Mobile phases with ammonium bicarbonate gave the best signal enhancement. The MS capillary voltage, cone voltage, and detector voltage had most effect on the response of the DNA adducts. A low adsorption vial was selected for reducing analyte loss. Hybrid surface-coated analytical columns were tested for reducing adsorption of the DNA adducts. The optimized method was applied to analyse DNA adducts in calf thymus, cat colon, and human colon DNA by performing a MSE acquisition (all-ion fragmentation acquisition) and screening for the loss of deoxyribose and the nucleobase fragment ions. Fifty-four DNA adducts were tentatively identified, hereof 38 never reported before. Significance: This is the first untargeted DNA adductomics study on human colon tissue, and one of the few untargeted DNA adductomics studies in the literature reporting the identification of such a high number of unknowns. This demonstrates promising results for the application of this sensitive method in future human studies for investigating novel potential cancer-causing factors.
Role of surface modification on high-voltage phase transition and degradation of layered P2-Na2/3Ni1/3Mn2/3O2 cathode material for Na-ion batteries
Authors: Niu Fangzhou , Qiao Linna , Huang Heran , Zhou Guangwen , Liu Hao
Published: April 2024

Layered transition metal oxides hold promise as cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). The P2-type Na2/3Ni1/3Mn2/3O2 cathode presents a high theoretical capacity and energy density, yet rapid capacity degradation occurs when the high-voltage plateau corresponding to the nominal Ni4+/Ni3+ redox is activated. Mitigating this degradation is necessary to realize the theoretical capacity of this material. While surface modification is a common strategy to improve the stability of cathode materials at high voltages, its effectiveness on the layered transition metal oxides for SIBs remains elusive. In this work, we investigated the role of surface coating on the reversibility of the high-voltage plateau through a suite of surface, bulk, and electrochemical characterizations. The surface modification of the P2-type Na2/3Ni1/3Mn2/3O2 cathode suppresses the growth of high-voltage polarization with minimal impact on the detrimental structure disorder induced by the P2-O2 phase transition. Our study highlights the limited effect of surface modification on capacity retention, which is predominantly driven by bulk structure degradation.
Fast and Selective Main-Chain Scission of Vinyl Polymers using the Domino Reaction in the Alternating Sequence for Trans-esterification
Authors: Kohsaka Yasuhiro , Toyama Kaho , Kawauchi Moe
Published: April 2024

This communication reports on vinyl polymers capable of selective and fast main-chain scission (MCS). The trick is the domino reaction in an alternating sequence of methyl 2-(trimethylsiloxymethyl)acrylate and 5,6-benzo-2-methylene-1,3-dioxepane, a cyclic ketene acetal for radical ring-opening polymerization. Removal of the trimethylsilyl group using Bu4N+‧F− readily led to MCS via irreversible transesterification of the ester backbone, affording a five-membered lactone fragment. The molar mass decreased drastically within 5 min, and no side reactions were observed. Control experiments suggest that the formation of a five-membered ring via a domino reaction is critical for fast and selective MCS. The terpol-ymers with methyl methacrylate and styrene also exhibited a large decrease in molar mass within 5 min. In addition, MCS was also observed for the heterogeneous reaction system in acidic aqueous media; treatment of the binary copolymer in a 50 wt% acetic acid solution resulted in a significant decrease in molar mass after 30 min. These results suggest efficient construction of degradable sites using a binary monomer system corresponding to the pendant trigger and ester backbone. Because this molecular design, which uses a combination of simple monomers, is applicable to terpolymers containing other vinyl monomers, it can provide various degradable vinyl polymers.
Computational design of drugs for Epilepsy using a novel guided evolutionary algorithm for enhanced Blood Brain Barrier permeability
Authors: Talluri Sekhar
Published: April 2024

Epilepsy is a common disorder of the Central Nervous System. Although several drugs are available for treatment of epilepsy, none of them are applicable for all cases, and some have serious adverse affects. The rational design of small molecule drugs for disorders of the Central Nervous System is a difficult process because the majority of small molecules are unable to cross the Blood- Brain-Barrier. Although many methods have been developed for computer aided drug design, only a few of these are focused on the specific requirements of Central Nervous System drugs. To address these limitations, a validated free and open source drug design package, Autogrow4, was modified to guide the evolution of the population, for generation of molecules with improved permeability across the Blood-Brain-Barrier. This method has the potential for application in computer aided drug design for other Central Nervous System disorders such as Addiction, Alzheimer’s disease, Bipolar disorder, Depression, Gliomas, and Tuberculous meningitis. This method was applied for the design of inhibitors of g-Amino Butyric Acid Transaminase, which is a validated target for the treatment of epilepsy. The ligands designed with this method were predicted to have high binding affinity for the target as well as high permeability across the Blood-Brain-Barrier. The designed molecules were assessed by using the SWISS-ADME webserver which predicted that the designed molecules were Blood-Brain-Barrier permeable, did not have any violation of Lipinsky’s rules and were chemically synthesizable.
Mechanochemical synthesis of corannulene flanked N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) precursors and preparation of their metal complexes
Authors: Hum Gavin , Muzammil Ezzah M. , Li Yongxin , Garcia Felipe , Stuparu Mihaiela C.
Published: April 2024

The synthesis of new compounds is an important pillar of organic chemistry with implications in adjacent fields. In this regard, over the last decades huge efforts have been made not only to produce new molecular entities but also to develop more efficient sustainable synthetic methodologies due to the increasing concerns over environmental sustainability. In this context, we have developed synthetic routes to novel corannulene-flanked imidazolium bromide NHC precursors both in the solid state and solution phases. Our work presents a comprehensive comparative study of mechanochemical routes and conventional solution-based methods. The green metrics comparison performed for both routes reveals ball-milling generation of these compounds to be an environmentally greener technique to produce such precursors compared to conventional solvent-based methods. In addition, we have demonstrated proof-of-concept of the herein reported corannulene flanked NHCs to be robust ligands to transition metals and their ligand substitution reactions.
Entrapment of bioactive organosulfur allicin from garlic in polyoxyethylene based micelle carrier system for enhanced shelf-life: in vitro release kinetics and in silico analysis
Authors: Bhattacharya Souptik , DasChowdhury Sayamdipta
Published: April 2024

Diallyl thiosulfinate (allicin) is a major bioactive chemical with several notable therapeutic characteristics of garlic (Allium sativum). Nonetheless, one of the biggest concerns regarding the extensive use of allicin in food commodities is its unstable characteristics. Therefore, utilizing Polyoxyethylene (Brij S20 and Brij 58), appropriate pH-responsive micelle carrier systems have been designed to improve allicin's stability while preserving its quantity and biological activity. At an ambient temperature of 25 °C, the trapping of allicin in the nonionic polymeric micelle demonstrated a substantial decrease in its degradation. Comparing the Brij S20 with the Brij 58 micelle carrier system, the latter demonstrated superior stability and entrapment. In addition, the ANOVA analysis revealed that allicin's stability in micellized condition is significantly influenced by both pH and temperature (p<0.05). Additionally, the liberation of allicin from micelle is greatly aided by acidic pH 1.5. The controlled liberation of allicin in an individual's gastrointestinal lumen may benefit from allicin's pH-directed release from the micelle in an acidic environment. Additionally, it was made sure that the micellization method did not impair allicin's bioactivity or reduce appropriate biocompatibility. The current study increases the likelihood of creating a commercially available allicin-loaded, micelle-based formulation for fortification of various food items.
Kinetics and Thermodynamics of the Oxidative Addition of Aryl Bromides at Palladium(I) to Form Palladium(III) Complexes
Authors: Bouley Bailey , Zhou Wen , Griego Leonel , Mirica Liviu
Published: April 2024

Herein, we report the systematic study of the oxidative addition or aryl bromides to a PdI center to generate stable organometallic PdIII complexes. These isolable PdIII complexes stabilized by tetradentate macrocyclic pyridinophane ligands were characterized spectroscopically, demonstrating distinct UV-Vis and EPR spectroscopic signatures that allow for reaction monitoring. The ligand scaffolds were sterically and electronically tuned using a modular synthetic approach to probe the kinetic and thermodynamic properties of the oxidative addition reaction, and a combination of UV-Vis and cryo stopped-flow spectroscopic studies reveal striking similarities to the radical oxidative addition pathway previously observed for well-defined NiI systems. In addition, these results are in strong agreement with our recent reactivity studies, which demonstrated that mononuclear PdI systems are competent catalysts in Kumada cross-coupling, and thus set the stage for an expansion of catalytic applications for odd-electron Pd systems promoting single electron processes.
Expanding the repertoire of GalNAc analogues for cell-specific bioorthogonal tagging of glycoproteins
Authors: Zafar Abdul , Sridhar Sandhya , Bineva-Todd Ganka , Cioce Anna , Abdulla Nadia , Chang Vincent , Malaker Stacy , Hewings David , Schumann Benjamin
Published: April 2024

Glycosylation is a ubiquitous modification of proteins, necessitating approaches for its visualization and characterization. Bioorthogonally tagged monosaccharides have been instrumental to this end, offering a chemical view into the cell biology of glycans. Understanding the use of such monosaccharides by cellular biosynthetic pathways has expanded their applicability in cell biology, for instance through the strategy Bioorthogonal Cell-specific Tagging of Glycoproteins (BOCTAG). Here, we show that the cellular use of two azide-tagged analogues of the monosaccharide N-acetylgalactosamine can be promoted through expression of two biosynthetic enzymes. Cellular expression of the kinase NahK and the engineered pyrophosphorylase AGX1F383A led to biosynthesis of the corresponding activated nucleotide-sugars and subsequent bioorthogonal tagging of the cellular glycoproteome. We explore the use of both sugars for BOCTAG, demonstrating the visualization of cell surface glycosylation in a specific cell line in a co-culture system. Our work adds to the toolbox of glycoprotein analysis in biomedicine.
Disulfide-based poly-pseudorotaxanes with locked and on demand unlocked degradability
Authors: Subbotina Elena , Anastas Paul
Published: April 2024

Materials containing labile linkages are in great demand due to their inherent degradability and recyclability. However, this generally comes at the cost of their stability during a use phase and synthesis. Here we present a concept of supramolecular polymers with locked and on demand unlocked labile linkages, rendering the materials robust yet degradable. We designed disulfides with polymerizable handles forming inclusion complexes (pseudorotaxanes) with cucurbit[6]uril (CB6) macrocycle positioned specifically around the disulfide bond. CB6 endowed the disulfide group with significantly improved photo-, thermo- and chemical stability. The polymerization of these monomers delivered poly-pseudorotaxanes with locked disulfide bonds. pH-triggered removal of the ionic host-guest interactions allowed for the dissociation of the poly-pseudorotaxane into the unlocked polydisulfide, amenable for further degradation, and CB6 in its free form. The former was subsequently depolymerized into dithiols under mild reduction of disulfide bonds.
What Relational Egalitarians Should (Not) Believe
Authors: Bengtson Andreas , Aastrup Munch Lauritz
Published: April 2024

Relational egalitarianism is a theory of justice according to which justice requires that people relate as equals. According to some relational egalitarians, X and Y relate as equals if, and only if, they (1) regard each other as equals; and (2) treat each other as equals. In this paper, we argue that relational egalitarians must give up 1.
The Right to Mental Autonomy
Authors: Ratoff William
Published: April 2024

A number of moral philosophers and legal scholars have now recognized that we possess a natural, or moral, right to mental autonomy. This right is standardly characterized as our right against significant, nonconsensual interference with our minds. However, the precise scope of this right remains under-theorized: what makes some ways of influencing someone’s thinking—rational argumentation, say—permissible, but other ways—pharmacological manipulation—impermissible? Here I argue that the right to mental autonomy should be analyzed as the right to form attitudes in light of reasons. Once understood this way, we can see how this right protects us against all “nonrational” interventions on our thinking—including, but not limited to, nonconsensual neurosurgery, pharmacological manipulations, science fiction mind control, subliminal messaging, and non-reason-giving advertising or nudging. Rather, the only fully permissible ways to seek to influence someone’s thinking are through methods that seek to engage their rational faculties. This result, I claim, accords with our moral intuitions concerning the matter.
Formation of economic indicators of national security in the context of business digitalization and changes in the economy
Authors: Beder D. , Tsal-Tsalko Y.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Today, Ukraine's economic development is taking place in the context of market competition, negative phenomena in the foreign economic sphere, and most importantly, russia's full-scale military aggression. At the same time, economic relations in the country are characterized by such undesirable phenomena as the shadow economy, economic inequality of business participants, growth of external debts, decline in economic activity, deficits of the state and territorial budgets, unprofitability of business entities, migration processes, unemployment, and poverty. The article examines the content of the concept of economic security in the context of the national security component, which is determined by a set of tasks based on the implementation of the Economic Security Strategy of Ukraine for the period up to 2025. The author analyzes the dynamics of indicators that determine the state of economic security of Ukraine and the existing threats in the national economy. In order to monitor the state of economic security in accordance with the Strategy, it is proposed to fulfill the task of its scientific support, to develop methodological recommendations and a mechanism for interpreting the integral indicator. At present, there is no information on the level of economic security of Ukraine on the official websites of the legislative and executive branches of government since 2021. The system of reservations regarding the indicators for assessing the economic security of Ukraine proposed in the Strategy is substantiated. A simplified list of indicators for monitoring the state of economic security is defined and interval signs of economic development scenarios at the level of optimistic, pessimistic and basic characteristics are developed for the integral indicator. The assessment of the status of economic security objects (the State, territorial communities, types of economic activity, business entities) is significantly influenced by the development of digitalization of the economy. It is established that in our country the processes of digitalization do not have a cross-cutting connection «business entities – types of economic activity – territorial communities – the State», but arise and develop locally within individual business and government structures.
Social networks as an effective tool of business promotion in the world
Authors: Yatskivska A.
Published: April 2024

The article discusses the main aspects of using SM as an effective way to promote your business. Data on the use of social networks are considered. Recently, marketing communications have acquired a new direction of activity. The global spread of social media, especially social networks, has led to increased online competition among companies. Traditional media channels such as outdoor advertising, print publications, television, etc. are mainly used to inform consumers about new products and their exceptional quality. However, today, with the development of media, online advertising has taken a leading position and offers more diverse opportunities to attract new customers.  As society began to prioritize communication in the online space, companies, in order not to lose sight of their target audience – consumers, began to look for new means of communication. This is why social media is increasingly being used by companies as their primary communication tool. The development of internet technologies and new business processes contributed to the emergence of a separate direction in business marketing - Social Media Marketing (SMM).
Political violence: the attributive dimension
Authors: Slyusar Vadym , Vitiuk Iryna , Volkova Kateryna
Published: April 2024

The article analyzes the main features of political violence. The author substantiates the view that political violence is aimed at preserving or changing social or international orders and conditions, and is realized in the following forms: war, exile, genocide, persecution, repression from above, uprising, terrorist acts from below; and is also carried out by specially created combat units or relevant authorized security forces. It is argued that one of the key features of political violence is competence, which expresses its organizational nature and focus on preventing the emergence of irrational forms of violence and protest behavior. Competence means that through mastering the skills of violence, an organized influence on social relations is exercised.
“The Unforgivable” Filmi Üzerinden Eski Hükümlülerin Yeniden Toplumsal Yaşama Katılımı ve Uyum Sürecine İlişkin Bir Değerlendirme (An Evaluation on The Ex-Convi cts Rei ntegrat ion and Adaptation Process Through the Movie “The Unforgivable )
Authors: Dali Nilgün , Tor Hacer
Published: April 2024

Suç işlemiş olan kişiye suçlu, işlediği suçtan dolayı hüküm giymiş ve tahliye edilmiş olan kişiye ise eski hükümlü adı verilir. Eski hükümlüler cezaevinden tahliye edildikten sonra ekonomik sorunlar, toplumsal yaşama uyum sağlayamama, sosyal dışlanma ve ayrımcılığa maruz kalma, psiko-sosyal problemler gibi pek çok sorunla karşı karşıya kalırlar. Eski hükümlülerin toplumsal hayaPa yaşadıkları bu sorunlara sinemada yer verilmektedir. Sinema, toplumsal sorunları tüm gerçekliğiyle ele alarak insanların farkındalığını ve bilinçliliğini arPırmakta etkili bir araçtır. Günümüzde daha fazla bireye daha hızlı bir şekilde ulaşan dijital platformların bu etkililik alanını arPırdığı söylenebilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, toplumda dezavantajlı gruplardan biri olan eski hükümlülerin toplumsal yaşama yeniden katılma ve uyum sağlama sürecini nasıl deneyimlediklerini film aracılığıyla değerlendirmektir. Bu çalışmada önce sinemada daha sonra Netflix’te yayınlanan “The Unforgivable” adlı filmin başrol oyuncusu olan Ruth’un eski hükümlü bir birey olarak toplumsal yaşama yeniden katılma ve uyum sağlama pratiklerini içerendiyaloglar ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada toplumsal yaşama yeniden katılma ve uyum sağlama ile damgalanma kategorilerine ilişkin veriler nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden söylem analizi tekniği kullanılarak analiz edilmiş ve yorumlanmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda “The Unforgivable” filminden hareketle eski hükümlü olarak damgalanmanın toplumsal yaşama yeniden katılma ve uyum sağlama sürecini engellediği görülmektedir.
Oyunda Duygulanım Ölçeği -Okul Öncesi Versiyonunun Türkçeye Uyarlama Çalışması (Adaptation of the Affect in Play Scale - Preschool Version to Turkish)
Authors: Karakaş Aksoy Merve , Aksoy Ayşe Belgin
Published: April 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacını, Kaugars ve Russ (2009) tarafından geliştirilen Oyunda Duygulanım Ölçeği’nin (Okul Öncesi Versiyonu) Türk kültürüne uyarlanması oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 48-72 aylık 132 çocuk oluşturmuştur. Ölçeğin uyarlama çalışmalarına dil geçerlilik çalışmaları ile başlanmış, çevirilere ilişkin uzman görüşünün ardından dilsel eşdeğerlik ve ön pilot çalışma ile ölçeğe son şekli verilmiştir. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliliğini belirlemek amacı ile Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi yapılmış, ölçeğin iki boyuttan oluştuğu ve arasındaki korelasyonun 0,890 olduğu görülmüştür. Faktör yük değerlerinin 0,708 -0,903 arasında değiştiği görülmüş, faktör yük değerlerinin yanında ek olarak uyum indekslerinden de faydalanılmıştır. Güvenirlik için Cronbach α katsayısı bilişsel boyut için ,915 ve duyuşsal boyut için ,441 olup, Mcdonald ω katsayısı her iki boyut için 1’e yakındır. Test tekrar test ve puanlayıcılar arası güvenirlik katsayıları da anlamlı ve yüksek düzeydedir. Ölçeğin 48-72 ay arasındaki çocukların oyunda duygulanımlarını ölçmede geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu belirlenmiştir.