bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROPOSALS FOR CHANGING THE LOAD ON BRIDGES
Authors:   JSC «Kyivstroyproekt», Kyiv, Ukraine, Korniev Mykhailo
Published: April 2023

Introduction. Bridge DBN V.1.2-15:2009 «Loadings and impacts» is the document that raised the level of calculated traffic loadings on bridges and bring their values closer to the values of LM1 model of Eurocodes. But the characteristic loadings were remained at the old level, which violated the principles of reliability calculations, according to which the characteristic loadings should deviate from the average values by 5 standards at least. Problem statement. Estimated vehicle loadings of the AK model in DBN B.1.2-15:2009 in compare with LM1 model of Eurocode EN 1991-2 and the track model according to US AASHTO LRFD standards shows that there is a certain balance between them. The calculated loading according to the standards of Ukraine occupies an intermediate position between the standards of Europe and the United States. However, the level of characteristic loadings is almost twice lower in compare with in Eurocode. This is a significant drawback of DBN, because it reduces the level of reliability of calculations based on the second group of limit states. Purpose. The article is devoted to the search and analysis of proposals for loading changes. Materials and methods. The article provides proposals for changing some loading parameters of AK model in order to maintain the level of calculated loadings and increase the characteristic loadings for approaching LM1 EN 1991-2 model loading. Results. In general, the changes proposed in the article will make it possible to raise the level of reliability of calculations according to the II group of limit states to the level of reliability of Eurocodes; at the same time the characteristic values of forces are 20 % lower than the values of LM1 model (except for bridges with one lane); calculated values of forces are (8–10) % lower than the values from the LM1 model (except for bridges with one lane); to simplify the existing loading model and to exclude additional lanes of loadings, to exclude the installation of pairs of tandems when loading lines of supporting moments impact. Conclusions. In this article, we did not touch the issue of introducing a single weighted average reliability coefficient for all permanent loadings. The existing coefficients cannot be substantiated due to the lack of reliable coefficients of variation. Now, a reliability coefficient of 1.25 has been introduced for all self-weight loadings, except for the pavement. And for pavement the coefficients are 1.5 — if the bridge is outside the city and 2.0 — if the bridge is in the city. At one time this was justified by the fact that there were known cases when the pavement on city bridges was doubled during reconstruction of the streets. But now there are no such cases. And if we take 1.5 for the weight of the pavement and 1.25 for the other weight, then for the own weight of all bridge structures we can take the coefficient γf = 1.35.
RESEARCH OF A-IIIВ PERIODIC PROFILE REINFORCEMENT AND ITS APPLICATION PROSPECTS FOR SLABS OF SPANS OF BRIDGES
Authors:   M.P. Shulgin State Road Research Institute State Enterprise - DerzhdorNDI SE, Kyiv, Ukraine, Babiak Ihor , Vikhot Svitlana ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine
Published: April 2023

Introduction. Metal reinforcement A-IIIв, manufactured from reinforcement A-III in accordance with GOST 5781 by pulling, was quite widely used for slabs of span structures of bridges in the period before 1991, as well as later. There is a need to repair such structures due to the exhaustion of their resource due to a significant duration of operation, damage due to the impact of means of destruction during hostilities. Often, the best option for repairing such spans is to replace a separate plate or plates with similar ones, since in this case there are no problems with the size of height, resting on existing supports, etc. Problem Statement. The vast majority of bridges in Ukraine, built in the period 1960-1991 and, to a large extent, in subsequent years, were designed according to typical projects. A large number of these bridges were built from girder slabs according to typical designs, where class A-IIIв reinforcement was used as prestressed reinforcement. These reinforcements were produced directly at the factories producing slabs structures from reinforcements of class A-III in accordance with GOST 5781 by pulling. To perform such works, the manufacturing plant must have appropriate equipment, qualified specialists, documentation, and obtain reinforcements of the required quality. As for the documentation, in the period up to 1991, such documentation was developed centrally and distributed to factories manufacturing structures. After 1991, this does not happen, the documentation is often not updated, which can be the reason for not ensuring the quality of the structures. Purpose. To analyze the documentation for the manufacture and use of reinforcement A-IIIв for the manufacture of slabs of span structures of bridges with a length of 12 m in accordance with the documentation VTP 21-86 (addition). To research the reinforcement A-IIIв, which is manufactured in accordance with the documentation YN 218 USSR – 026-84 directly at the manufacturing plant from the reinforcement of class A-III in accordance with GOST 5781 by pulling it for further use for the manufacture of slabs of span structures of bridges with a length of 12 m in accordance with documentation VTP 21‑86 (addition). Establish the possibility of using reinforcement A-IIIв in today’s conditions for the manufacture of slabs of span structures 12 m long in accordance with the documentation VTP 21-86 (addition) for the repair and construction of bridges.
SUBSTANTIATION OF THE METHOD OF TRAFFIC FLOWS DISTRIBUTION IN MICROSIMULATION OF TOLL COLLECTION PLAZAS
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Kyiv, Ukraine, Bespalov Dmytro , Sistuk Volodymyr ,   Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Kyiv, Ukraine, Tarasuik Volodymyr ,   Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: April 2023

Introduction. The practice of charging road tolls to compensate for the costs of the road construction and operation has been known since ancient times. The traditional approach to toll collection on motorways is that vehicles must stop and pay at the appropriate collection point (Toll Collection Plaza — TCP). At the same time, two payment systems are traditionally distinguished: an open one, in which the driver pays for traveling the entire toll section, and a closed one, in which, upon entering the toll motorway, the driver is obliged to take a ticket at the first point (station) of payment and return it upon exiting the motorway at the final payment point, paying for the actual distance traveled. In both systems, there are bound to be vehicle delays in TCP. In this regard, transport engineers and road design specialists face several urgent tasks, such as determining the impact of toll booths on the level of service, capacity and other traffic indicators on motorways, assessing the impact of TCP configuration and toll collection technologies on of the traffic flows indicators in the TCP zone and in the transport network. Problem statement. One of the modern methods of research and assessment of the state of traffic at toll collection points is microsimulation of the road network or individual TCPs. At the same time, the reliability of this analysis tool will be determined not only by the calibration parameters of the simulation model, but also by the quality of the adopted distribution of traffic flows. Purpose. The purpose of the work is to substantiate the method of traffic flows distribution when developing a microsimulation model of toll collection plazas via PTV Vissim software. Materials and methods. Single TCP scenarios are simulated in Vissim, which differ in the number of operation lanes, approaches to network reproduction, and applied traffic distribution methods. The results. The actual scientific and applied problem of justifying the method of traffic flows distribution in the microsimulation of toll collection plazas in PTV Vissim has been solved. An analysis of the possibilities of traffic reproduction methods in TCP using static routes, dynamic assignment, the PTV Vissim COM interface for dynamic assignment, “Managed lanes” routes was performed. In TCP models with the number of lanes from 3 to 6 with static routes and dynamic assignment, the realistic behavior of drivers when choosing a traffic lane in TCP is verified. An analysis of transport delays in TCP models was performed to compare the simulation results when using static routes and dynamic assignment.
THE EFFICIENCY OF WIM-SYSTEMS APPLICATION ON MOTOR ROADS
Authors:   M.P. Shulgin State Road Research Institute State Enterprise - DerzhdorNDI SE, Kyiv, Ukraine, Tereshchenko Tetyana
Published: April 2023

Introduction. The introduction to the paper highlights the general role of the weight control of motor vehicles on roads by WiM – methods (Wegh-in-Motion) in the assurance of the traffic safety and in the transportation infrastructure preservation. Problem statement. The issues of the paper concern the problems of implementation of contemporary technologies of the High-Speed WiM (HS-WiM) where the conditions of the measurements of the loads from the vehicle generate high measurement error. Purpose. The main goal of the paper is to perform an analytical review of methods of the weight control of vehicles and of competitive aspects of existing WiM technologies and also the analysis of the practice of WiM application. Results. The analytical reviewing led to the following results: it was revealed that the basic principle of WiM systems operation consists in determining the dynamic wheel/axle loading of a vehicle transmitted to the pavement; data thus obtained shall be used to reveal the overloading. Modern WiM systems give possibilities to obtain data concerning axle number, axle spaces, vehicle length and speed, axle (or wheel) dynamic loading, number of equivalents of standard axle loading, and also data regarding the traffic flow characteristics; it was concluded that WiM systems can be divided into two main types: the systems operating at low speed of a vehicle (up to 15 km/h, LS WiM) and those operating at steady speed of the traffic flow (up to 130 km/h, or high speed, HS WiM). LS WiM ensure the accuracy of the measurement in a range from 3 % to 5 % and belong to the methods of weight control of motor vehicles approved by the legal metrology as well as the static weighing does. HS WiM control is more sensitive to the external factors due to the effect of a vehicle dynamic and thus cannot assure the above stated accuracy of measurements, moreover, cannot assure the appropriate accuracy for the satisfactory number of trucks. HS WiM systems are not approved by the legal metrology; factors affecting the accuracy of measurements in HS WiM systems were analyzed. It was revealed that the effect of a vehicle dynamic on the measurement error can be mitigated assuring the compliance of the road pavement surface condition with the standard requirements mainly with those concerning pavement surface roughness.
La montagna come “territorio fragile”: quale sostenibilità per i territori interessati dalle Olimpiadi Milano-Cortina 2026? Il caso di studio di Cortina d’Ampezzo
Authors: Morazzoni Monica , Pecorelli Valeria
Published: April 2023

Lo studio presenta i risultati preliminari di un lavoro di ricerca più ampio sulla montagna iperturistificata come territorio fragile per riflettere criticamente sulle proposte di sostenibilità in vista delle Olimpiadi di Milano-Cortina 2026. Tra le politiche di sviluppo e rilancio delle destinazioni turistiche rientrano i mega eventi olimpici che producono territorio attraverso processi di ri-territorializzazione e de-territorializzazione (Dansero, Mela 2007), reificando le aree già sottoposte a pressione ambientale, sociale ed economica. Lo spazio olimpico si sovrappone al territorio della città ospitante e condivide luoghi, strutture e funzioni mentre ridefinisce la sua posizione e il suo significato nelle strategie locali (Dansero 2002). Questo è il caso di Livigno, Bormio, Cortina, Predazzo e Tesero scelte per essere località ospitanti per le Olimpiadi invernali del 2026 e mete turistiche affermate a livello nazionale e internazionale per il turismo stagionale. La presente analisi, dedicata al cluster di Cortina, si muove all’interno di una consolidata cornice teorica che include la fragilità della montagna ordinaria (Ferrario, Marzo 2021; Varotto 2020; CIPRA 2020; Società dei Territorialisti/e 2019; Dematteis 2018, 2006; Meini 2018) e l’impatto dei mega eventi olimpici tra conflitto e trasformazioni territoriali (Dansero et al., 2015; Bolocan Goldstein, Dansero, Loda 2014; Dansero, Puttilli 2010; Bondonio et al. 2007; Dansero et al., 2006; Dansero, Segre 2002a). I dati raccolti attraverso ricerca sul campo, osservazione partecipata, interviste semistrutturate con attori chiave e un questionario somministrato ai membri della comunità locale – a partire dalle linee guida e narrazioni che accompagnano il Dossier di Candidatura dei cluster del teatro olimpico Milano-Cortina 2026 – completano la mappatura delle azioni avviate e previste, il loro impatto sul territorio, la legacy e le richieste dei territori attraverso forme di protesta.
Effect of Ag Nanoparticles on Morphological and Physio-biochemical Traits of the Medicinal Plant Stevia Rebaudiana
Authors: Abdull Sherzad R. , Rashid Sahar H. , Ghafoor Bakhtiar S. , Khdhir Barzan S.
Published: May 2023

Nowadays, overproduction of secondary metabolites in remedial herbs through giving biotic/abiotic stresses is an interesting area of research. In the current study, the influences of various concentrations of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were evaluated on several morphological and physio-biochemical traits, such as the steviol glycosides level in Stevia. The findings showed that the herbs incubated with 400-ppm Ag NPs own the highest dry and fresh weight of shoot, while those incubated with 80- up to 200- ppm Ag NPs own the highest steviol glycosides content. As a result, we successfully improve the content of stevioside glycoside up to 1.75-fold by applying the 80- up to 200-ppm Ag NPs in Stevia medicinal plant. Moreover, our findings revealed that low concentrations the Ag NPs lead to an increase of glutathione content and total antioxidant capacity, and a decrease of MDA, whereas treatments at higher concentrations induced adverse effects for the plant. As a result, the treatment with Ag NPs low concentrations had a favorable efficacy on physio-biochemical and morphological characteristics of Stevia. These achievements are very promising, because they revealed a considerable capability for the Ag NPs application in enhancing the secondary metabolites in Stevia remedial herb. The present study is the first case assessing the desirable influences of Ag NPs on the Stevia, in regard with shifting of biosynthetic pathway of steviol glycosides in a concentration-dependent manner.
Morphometric analysis and genetic diversity in Hypericum L. using sequence related amplified polymorphism
Authors: Cao Wei , Chen Xiao , Cao Zhiwei
Published: May 2023

There are about 484 species of Hypericum in the Guttiferae family, which includes Hypericoideae. In Iran, species of this genus are mainly found in the north, northwest, and center of the country, and they are key contributors to the floral elements of the Hyrcanian mountains, Irano-Turanian, and Mediterranean regions (such as the Zagros). Medicinal, commercial, and horticultural values are associated with these plants.The genetic diversity was assessed through Sequence-related amplified polymorphism. To uncover genetic diversity and species characteristics in Hypericum species, were studied through a combination of morphological and molecular data. Eighty-five individuals related to 7 Hypericum were collected in 6 provinces. A total of 76 (Number of total loci) (NTL) DNA bands were produced through polymerase chain reaction amplifications (PCR) amplification of seven Hypericum species. These bands were produced with the combinations of 5 selective primers. The total number of amplified fragments ranged from 10 to 20. According to the SRAP (Sequence-related amplified polymorphism) markers analysis, H. perforatum and H. asperulum had the lowest similarity. This study also detected a significant signature of isolation by distance (Mantel test results). Present results showed that sequence-related amplified polymorphism have the potential to identify and decipher genetic affinity in Hypericum species. Current results have implications in biodiversity and conservation programs. Besides this, present results could pave the way for selecting suitable ecotypes for forage and pasture purposes in Iran.
Genus Hypericum (Guttiferae, Hypericoideae) is perennial, belonging to the Hypericaceae family, having 484 species in forms of trees, shrubs, and herbs, distributed in 36 taxonomic sections. The genetic diversity was assessed through Sequence-related amplified polymorphism. To uncover genetic diversity and species characteristics in Hypericum species, were studied through  a combination of morphological and molecular data. Eighty-five individuals related to 7 Hypericum were collected in 6 provinces. A total of 76 (Number of total loci) (NTL) DNA bands were produced through polymerase chain reaction amplifications (PCR) amplification of seven Hypericum species. These bands were produced with the combinations of 5 selective primers. The total number of amplified fragments ranged from 10 to 20. According to the SRAP (Sequence-related amplified polymorphism) markers analysis, H. perforatum and H. asperulum had the lowest similarity. This study also detected a significant signature of isolation by distance (Mantel test results). Present results showed that sequence-related amplified polymorphism have the potential to identify and decipher genetic affinity in  Hypericum species. Current results have implications in biodiversity and conservation programs. Besides this, present results could pave the way for selecting suitable ecotypes for forage and pasture purposes in Iran.
Comparative study and genetic diversity in Malva using srap molecular markers
Authors: Qadir Syamand Ahmed , Meerza Chnar Hama Noori , Faraj Aryan Mahmood , Hamafaraj Kawa Khwarahm , Tobakari Sherzad Rasul Abdalla , Hamarashid Sahar Hussein
Published: May 2023

The Malva genus has 25-40 species and it can be considered as an annual and/or biannual herb. Malva species are indicated with potential therapeutic as cicatrizing and analgesic by the Ministry of Health. The aim of this study was to analyze SRAP (Sequence-related amplified polymorphism) markers in a total of 70 accessions of Malva species, which included five species Malva neglecta Wallr., Malva pusilla Sm., Malva sylvestris L., Malva verticillata L., Malva nicaeensis All.. A total of 89 (Number of total loci) (NTL) DNA bands were produced through polymerase chain reaction amplifications (PCR) amplification of five Malva species. These bands were produced with the combinations of 5 selective primers. The total number of amplified fragments ranged from 10 to 27. The predicted unbiased gene diversity (UHe) varied between 0.077 (Malva sylvestris) and 0.382 (Malva pusilla). The genetic similarities between three species are estimated from 0.70 to 0.91. Neighbor-Joining tree results showed two major clusters. According to the SRAP (Sequence-related amplified polymorphism) markers analysis, Malva pusilla and Malva aegyptia had the lowest similarity. Our results provided great molecular identification of all assayed genotypes, which have shown that there is large quantity of genetic diversity among the Malva accessions. Objectives of the study were; a) to estimate genetic diversity; b) to evaluate population relationships using NJ approaches. Current results have implications in breeding and conservation programs.
Chromosome number of some Satureja species from Turkey
Authors: Kavcı Esra , Martin Esra , Eroğlu Halil Erhan , Yıldırım Fatih Serdar
Published: May 2023

The genus Satureja belonging to the Lamiaceae family includes about 200 species, generally aromatic, distributed in the Mediterranean basin. In genus Satureja, the chromosomal data were reported from only 26 species. In this study, it is aimed to eliminate the deficiencies in the chromosomal data of Satureja species, which are distributed in Turkey, which is center of origin and diversity of the genus Satureja. It was reported only one chromosome number (2n = 30), the first report for chromosome numbers of three taxa, the same chromosome count (excluding B-chromosomes) with previous report in only one species, and the new chromosome number in only one species. In conclusion, this study presented new data into the chromosomal records of genus Satureja that might be useful for interpreting or understanding relationships among the species. In addition, dysploidy and polyploidy variations might probably have played an important role in speciation. In this regard, the results contributed to some missing data in Satureja cytotaxonomy.
Polyploid cytotypes and formation of unreduced male gametes in wild and cultivated fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)
Authors: Falistocco Egizia
Published: May 2023

Foeniculum vulgare Mill. (2n=22) is an herbaceous species native to the Mediterranean region and naturalized in many temperate areas around the world. It includes subsp. piperitum and subsp. vulgare which are, respectively, the wild and cultivated forms. Fennel is of economic importance both as a vegetable crop and for its wide use in the food and pharmaceutical industries. In recent years, the therapeutic and pharmacological potential of this species has been widely analyzed, its cytogenetic traits have aroused less interest. Therefore, the intention of this study was to reduce this gap by investigating some aspects, such as the variations in its chromosome number and the occurrence of polyploidization events, so far neglected. By means of extensive chromosome counting, the presence of tetraploid cytotypes has been discovered both in the wild and cultivated fennel. Moreover, the analysis of pollen and PMCs at the tetrad stage provided evidence for spontaneous sexual polyploidization as the most probable origin of the tetraploid cytotypes discovered. The results of this study provide the first evidence of the occurrence of polyploidization events in F. vulgare and suggest that the use of 2n gametes could be a useful approach to genetic improvement of this crop.
Morphological and cytogenetic characterization in experimental hybrid Aloe jucunda Reyn. x Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f. (Asphodelaceae)
Authors: Ozols-Narbona Wendy , Imery-Buiza José
Published: May 2023

Aloe L. includes plants of economic interest worldwide for their medicinal properties and ornamental character. In this study, morphological and cytogenetic traits were evaluated in a hybrid obtained using Aloe jucunda Reyn. as pollen donor and A. vera (L.) Burm. f. as female parent, to characterize it, determine its ornamental and agronomic potentialities and aspects related to its reproduction. Conventional protocols for morphometric studies and cytogenetic analysis described for succulent plants were applied. Progeny showed intermediate expressiveness in most of the characteristics, except in the colour of the leaves and flowers (hybrid = A. jucunda), as well as for the length of teeth, number, and area of leaf spots and angle between continuous leaves, where it surpassed the expression of both parents, giving it a high ornamental value. The length, width, and thickness of the leaves improved with respect to the paternal genome, so its potential for the exploitation of the gel and latex of its leaves cannot be ruled out. Root tip cells showed a karyotype 2n = 2x = 14 = 8L + 6S = 1L(smsat) + 1L(sm) + 3L(st) + 3L(smsat) + 1S(m) + 5S(sm). Microsporogenesis showed chromosomal abnormalities in 47.4% of the meiocytes, the most frequent being micronuclei in prophase-I, sticky chromosomes in metaphase-I, one or two dicentric bridges accompanied or not by acentric fragments in anaphase-I, -II, and telophase-I, - II, as well as one or two additional microspores. These abnormalities reduce the fertility of their pollen grains and limit their sexual reproduction, providing a better explanation for their sterility.
Methomyl has clastogenic and aneugenic effects and alters the mitotic kinetics in Pisum sativum L.
Authors: Siddiqui Sazada , Alrumman Sulaiman A.
Published: May 2023

Methomyl is a carbamate pesticide that is frequently applied to crops all over the world. This research aims to evaluate the Pisum sativum L mitotic process and potential genotoxicity. The Cell Proliferation Kinetics (CPK) frequencies demonstrated changes in kinetics of mitotic process, and study of Mitotic Index (MI) demonstrated that methomyl had cytotoxic properties. In fact, the telophases ratio dropped at 0.1% to 0.5% methomyl treatment, while there was an increase in prophases, metaphases, and anaphases from 0.1% to 0.5% in a dose dependent manner. In terms of genotoxicity, methomyl cause an increase in the frequency of clastogenic and aneugenic chromosomal abnormalities at metaphase-anaphase at 0.1% to 0.5%. The effects on the mitotic spindle were further confirmed by an increase in the frequencies of c-mitosis from 0.1 to 0.5% methomyl treatment. The outcome of the current analysis indicates that regularly used insecticides methomyl has a considerable cytotoxic effect on mitotic cells of Pisum sativum L.
Are they similar or are they same origin, Persian language and Korean language? (0053-0061)
Authors: Kim Sangdeog Augustin
Published: May 2023

French missionary Dallet (1874) wrote in his book that there is significant difference between Chinese language and Korean language. The present author studied the relation between Persian language and Korean language. The present researcher tried to select several Persian words randomly, and he compared them with Korean words. The researcher used a Dictionary of Persian/French and French/Persian (Bau, 2008). And the title is ‘Are they similar or are they same origin, Persian language and Korean language? (0053-0061)’. < number Persian word (its meaning) Korean word (its meaning)> 0053-1 Sadd (obstacle) Seodbureun (not intelligent for doing the thing) 0053-2 Sadd (obstacle) Soseul daemun (a big and significant door) 0053-3 Sadd (obstacle) Seodtureun (not good at something) 0054 Esteqamat (tolerant to do something) Yeogie ggomareul gireuda (Here, I bring up the child) 0055 Gabela (a wise wife) Aga bella (Oh, you are going to have a baby!) 0056-1 Amud (perpendicular) Amudeun (Anybody is OK!) 0056-2 Amud (perpendicular) Amuteun (Anyway, it is good!) 0057 Xod dari kardan (abstain, endure) Keun sod dolligi hada (to turn a big casserole) 0058 Mizaba (hung gutter) Mit-zzog bwa (You, see the downward!) 0059-1 Da tamam-e (during) Na ddaemun-e (It is because of me!) 0059-2 Da tamam-e (during) Nae mom-e da ta (All of you, come to me and take on my body!) 0060 Bolug (age of maturity) Bulug (The bosom of the body is grown and curved) 0061-1 Aya (Is it true?) Heo (Is it true?) 0061-2 Aya (Is it true?) O ye (It is good!), Eoseo (Please, do it your work!). As a conclusion of this study, some of the words are same both in Persian language and Korean language. And other words, they are not exactly same, but they are similar.
‘Coin Lesion’ in Chest Radiograph Presenting as Round Pneumonia with Eccentric Cavitation in HRCT Thorax: Tuberculosis or Malignancy-A Real Puzzle!
Authors: Patil Shital , Dahiphale Jayashree , Raka, Vipul , Narkar Sanika , Choudhari Shubham , Gondhali Gajanan
Published: May 2023

Lung malignancies have diverse radiological presentations such as coin lesions, mass lesion, hilar abnormalities, lung collapse and mass with pleural effusion. ‘Coin lesion’ radiologically defined as solitary, well demarcated, coin shaped lung parenchymal opacity with surrounding normal lung parenchyma. Coin lesions having propensity of calcification and cavitation. Calcification usually indicates benign nature while cavitation will indicate benign, infective and malignant lung pathology. Eccentric cavitation favours lung malignancy and central cavitation usually seen in infective pathology over malignancy. Round pneumonia is commonly described in paediatric cases and adults with comorbidities. Round pneumonia is defined as a round shaped consolidation secondary infective process. Tuberculosis causing round pneumonia and coin shaped opacities or coin lesions are not very commonly described in literature. In this case report, a 42-year male, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus presented with constitutional symptoms for one month duration with partial response to medical treatment. Chest x-ray showed coin lesion or coin shaped opacity in the left lower zone in the paracardiac area. HRCT thorax showed coin lesion with central breakdown or central lucency and round pneumonia. Contrast CT thorax showed eccentric cavitation with enhancement favouring malignancy. We have done bronchoscopy and BAL evaluation confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis. BAL cytology documented acid-fast bacilli in smear and MTB genome with rifampicin sensitivity in cartridge based nucleic acid amplification test. Treatment initiated with anti-tuberculosis (ATT) & short acting insulin according to blood sugar level. We have recorded near complete radiological resolution, bacteriological cure after six months with good compliance. High index of suspicion is must in cases with ‘coin lesion’ in chest radiograph with underlying comorbidity as diabetes mellitus with constitutional symptoms. HRCT thorax will help in defining characteristics of coin lesions such as cavitation and calcification. Bronchoscopy is a very crucial technique in evaluating these cases and conforming infective or malignant pathology for coin lesions.
A Study on Hand Anthropometry in Adult Tribal and Non-Tribal Light Working Women in Rajshahi Division
Authors: Ferdous Sabrina Sabnam , Mustafa Rashed , Rahman Mushfika , Bashar Farhana , Akter Sharmin , Benzir Maskura
Published: May 2023

Background: As the working styles of tribal and non-tribal working women differ, there may be variations in the anthropometric measurements of the hands. Physical prowess and anthropometric measures have strong correlations with various working activity performance levels. Objective: To evaluate the hand anthropometry in adult tribal and non- tribal light working women in Rajshahi Division. Methodology: This Cross-sectional comparative study was done at Department of anatomy, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi in Different zone of Rajshahi division (Babolding Chapainawabgonj, Kolmakandi, Nachol, Chiniatola Rohonpur, Godagari Rajshahi, Bodolgachi Naogaon, Rajshahi University, Karitas Rajshahi, Rajshahi College) from 1 (one) year (July 2017 to June 2018). During the study, two group of women with in the age 18-45 years were randomly selected from different zone of Rajshahi division. Among that one group of tribal women total 135 and another group of non-tribal women total 150 respectively. Results: Throughout the research, 22.2% of tribal participants were 20 or older, whereas almost one-third (30.7%) of non-tribal participants were 20 or older. Moreover, 60 (44.44%) are light workers, whereas 75 (55.6%) are intermediate employees. There are 150 non-tribal employees, with 75 (50%) being light workers and 75 (50%) being moderate workers. palmer width was significantly greater among light worker tribal population than that among their non-tribal counterpart (p < 0.001). 3rd and the 4th digits of the former group were considerably longer than those of the later group (p = 0.073 and p = 0.002 respectively). All other hand anthropometrics were almost identically distributed between the light tribal and non-tribal workers. Conclusion: Hand/Palmer width was significantly greater among light worker tribal population than non-tribal group. In case of light workers 3rd and 4th digits length were longer in tribal than non-tribal group. In case of light workers rests of the .....
Ultrasound Evaluation of Hydronephrosis of Pregnancy in the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Authors: Kelechi Osisiogu , C Nwankwo N. , Agi Chukwuemeka
Published: May 2023

Background: Pregnancy is associated with dilatation of the collecting systems of the kidneys. However in most pregnant women hydronephrosis goes un-recorded and may only become evident when symptoms develop. The incidence of hydronephrosis in pregnancy is yet to be determined in our environment hence the need to determine the incidence and associated factors in Port Harcourt. This study was done to evaluate pregnant women in the second and third trimesters and to determine the incidence of hydronephrosis with respect to parity, gestational age and commonest side of occurrence. Materials and Methods: A prospective, descriptive cross sectional study involving 190 pregnant patients referred to the Radiology Department of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital between August 2012 and July 2013. Their demographic data and Ultrasonographic findings were obtained. Data was analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20. Results and Discussions: The ages of the women ranged from 18 to 42 years however the age group (27 – 30) years had the highest incidence of hydronephrosis of pregnancy. Of the 190 pregnant women, 74 were in their second trimester of pregnancy and 116 were their third trimester. Thirty three percent of the patients in the study group has normal Right pelvicalyceal diameter while 66.3% has Right pelvicalyceal dilatation. 51.1% has normal Left pelvicalyceal diameter and 48.9% has Left pelvicalyceal dilatation. Pearson correlation test shows a positive but not significant correlation between gestational age and both Right pelvicalyceal dilatation (p= 0.416) and Left pelvicalyceal dilatation (p= 0.191). Conclusions: Hydronephrosis of pregnancy is common and predominantly occurs on the right. Pelvicalyceal dimensions increases throughout pregnancy with increasing gestational age as well as increasing parity.
Preferred Facial Profile in Tanzanian Populations
Authors: Hamad Ali Khamis
Published: May 2023

There is a difference in the ideals of facial beauty and aesthetic assessment used in orthodontics, from what public opinion believes. For instance, having a light skin in some of Asian societies is considered as among the important factors for female beauty. Consequently, skin whitening products are very widespread. Occasionally, an orthodontist or any other dental practitioner ignores the public’s perceptions of dental esthetics, and this might lead to dissatisfaction with the treatment outcomes since the patients’ perception may be different from that of the clinician. This study determines the facial profile preferred by Tanzanians population. Study involved 160 adult participants of both sexes from Dar es salaam, Tanzania. Images of participants were modified to generate four types of solid black silhouettes facial profiles. Special questionnaires inquiring demographic information, comprised of eight profile silhouettes, were given to the raters. Correlation and descriptive statistical analysis were computed by Stata15. Associations of the responses were compared according to gender, age, skin color, and income. A t-test was used to compare between genders, while ANOVA was used to compare between, skin color, income and age groups. All statistical significance was accepted at CI 95% and p-values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Interdependence among variables in the sample was determined by multiple regression analysis. Significant correlation was set at p < 0.05. In conclusion, female Straight profile and male Class I profile were the most preferred profiles while, Class III was the least preferred regardless of gender, age, skin color and income differences.
An Audit of the Infection Prevention and Control Program at a Regional Hospital in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Poobalan Naidoo , Sivathasen Chetty , Selvarajah Saman
Published: May 2023

Background: Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death in South Africa. Containment strategy includes infection prevention and control (IPC) programs, microbiological resistance testing, and antibiotic stewardship programs. The current study evaluates the IPC program at the rural regional Port Shepstone Hospital. Objective: To use the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC’s) IPC tool for acute hospitals to evaluate the infection control program at Port Shepstone Hospital. Materials and Methods: A prospective descriptive study was conducted from February to March 2018 at Port Shepstone Hospital. The study was conducted in two stages. The first stage determined which of the CDC’s core components of an IPC program were operational. In the second stage, in 11 adult long-stay wards, nurses were identified for completion of selected elements of the CDC tool. Results: The IPC at Port Shepstone Hospital practices 10 of the 17 elements of the CDC’s Infection Control Assessment Tool. The highest scoring ward was gynaecology (110/119 (95%)). The lowest was the psychiatric ward, which scored 64/119 (53%). There was a lack of internal auditing practices. Conclusion: Port Shepstone Hospital IPC program is limited as only some of the components are practised. The lack of internal auditing practices is concerning and needs improvement. To achieve the proper application of the IPC program more emphasis needs to be placed on constantly auditing existing practices and giving feedback to staff coupled with relevant training and resource support. This can be facilitated by hospital management allocating resources to IPC audit teams to audit and share findings with departments and develop quality improvement programs.
Chemical Characterization of Two Mistletoe Plants Found in NISLT, Samonda, Ibadan Premises
Authors: A Ikokoh, P. P. , M Murtala, , J Imohiosen, J. , O Idenyi, E. , T Aribo, , H Gbadegesin Y. , Bwai David
Published: May 2023

This study investigated the chemical composition of two mistletoe leaves for its ascribed folkloric medicinal uses. The mistletoe leaves used for this research was harvested from Neem plant and Fig plant. Proximate analyses, phytochemical screening, Elemental and antioxidant analysis were carried out on both leaves. Alkaloids, saponin, cardioglycosides, Flavonoids, and steroids varied between mistletoe leaves obtained from Neem and fig trees. Saponins, steroids, and cardio glycosides have higher values in mistletoe of Neem. The concentration of Calcium, magnesium and potassium were high in the mistletoe of Neem. Copper, sodium and chromium was not detected in mistletoe of Fig, while it is present in low concentration in the mistletoe of Neem. The differences in the levels of 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl hydrate in the two botanicals under investigation revealed that Mistletoe of Neem has superior antioxidant properties compared to Mistletoe of fig. Mistletoe of Neem contain higher quantities of most of the secondary metabolites therefore, it may be of more pharmacological and nutritional value than mistletoe on fig, thus could have more medicinal and industrial values.
Reduction of Ascites and Paracentesis Frequency in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Ali Randa A. , Shilib Ali H. , Jadiri Huda Sabah Al , Al-Diwan Jawad K.
Published: May 2023

Diet therapy plays an important role in the treatment of liver diseases as a component for faster recovery of the liver and restoration of its normal function. This study was carried out to reduce ascites and paracentesis frequency needs by improving nutritional status. The ascitic patients were chosen from Gastroenterology Center in Babylon governorate that admitted for paracentesis (convenient sample). A diet regimen was given to the participants. The effect of this regimen on frequency of paracentesis, drained fluids’ amount, liver enzymes, Total Serum Bilirubin, Blood Urea Nitrogen, Serum Albumin, and Prothrombin Time was tested by student’s T test. There was a significant reduction in paracentesis frequency, Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase, Total Serum Bilirubin, and Plasma Albumin (p = 0.03, p = 0.03, p = 0.04, and 0.03 respectively). In conclusion, diet regimen showed a positive change on improving cirrhotic liver patients.
Anatomical Pathology Differences in Lung Alveoli Damage with Exposure to Conventional and Electric Cigarettes
Authors: Cahyaningrum Citra Paramita Esti , Andari Desy , Djunaedi Djoni
Published: May 2023

In conventional cigarettes, tobacco is a major risk factor in the development of diseases involving the lungs, including pulmonary emphysema, fibrosis and lung cancer. Many people think that using e-cigarettes is much safer than conventional cigarettes. Whereas smoking with electronic cigarettes can cause the same feeling of cotton mouth as felt by conventional smokers, with symptoms such as itchy throat, cough and complications to the lungs. This literature review conducted a literature search with the keywords cigarette, e-cigarette, popcorn lung, and alveoli. Conventional cigarettes and electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) cause damage to the pulmonary alveoli in the form of alveolar spaces; this depends on the nicotine content in them. Electronic cigarettes and conventional cigarettes exert different effects on the oxidative stress response of the airway epithelium. In addition, the image of popcorn lung can be found due to the presence of diacetyl that appears when heating e-juices in e-cigarettes.
Convalescent Plasma Therapy in COVID-19 Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
Authors: Sawitri Dewi Arum , Fatoni Arie Zainul
Published: May 2023

COVID-19 is caused by SARS-CoV-1, an RNA virus of the betacoronavirus genus, making it the seventh coronavirus infecting humans. Because particular therapies are still in the research stage, no confirmed treatment for this illness has been agreed upon by the World Health Organization (WHO) or other clinical institutes. The reason is that there are many different potential remedies. Antiviral treatments like favipiravir, oseltamivir, and remdesivir have been investigated and tested. On the other hand, the outcomes of the replies of patients who were given these medications are still quite inconsistent. Furthermore, the COVID-19 mortality rate has remained at a level of less than 5.21 percent of cases that have been documented. Patients suffering from COVID-19 may be treated with convalescent plasma, a therapeutic option that utilizes a mix of neutralizing antibodies and other immunological components. Activation of body-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and phagocytic activity against COVID-19 will occur due to this immunological component. This medication also has the potential to reduce the systemic inflammatory response brought on by COVID-19. Clinical improvement was different after 28 days when convalescent plasma was used as a treatment for patients with severe COVID-19 symptoms and emergency conditions compared to patients treated with conventional therapy alone. However, it is not very significant.
About the use of “Deepfake” technology in operational investigative activities
Authors: Batoev Vladimir
Published: April 2023

The article identifies the potential and assesses the prospect of using the new information technology “Deepfake” based on artificial intelligence and generative-adversarial neural networks in operational investigative activities. A number of problematic issues have been identified that require resolution for the effective use of this technology in solving the tasks of operational investigative activities. Attention is focused on the need to use the “Deepfake” technology in the framework of misinformation of the criminal environment. Synthetic media content in modern conditions is able to provide a solution to operational-investigative tasks of various directions, emphasizing in a special way the prospects of using the “Deepfake” technology in the activities of operational units as a specific method not previously studied in operational-investigative theory and not used in operational-investigative practice. In the conditions of irreversible digitalization of all spheres of public relations, the need for an early transition of the organization and tactics of operational investigative activities into a new phase is indicated, where the role of constantly improving information technologies in operational investigative activities should be a priority.
Modern problems of interpretation, accounting and reporting of goodwill and their solutions
Authors: Druzhilovskaya Emiliya
Published: April 2023

For many organizations, goodwill is an inalienable part of accounting. In this regard, it is especially important to identify modern problems of interpretation, accounting and reporting of goodwill, as well as to find ways to solve these problems. These issues are the subject of this article. During the research, such methods as analysis and synthesis, grouping method, comparison, analogy method, systematic approach, logical approach were used. As a result of the research carried out in this article, modern problems in the above area have been identified. At the same time, these problems are grouped into six main groups. In addition, this article makes suggestions for solving the identified problems. The results of this study may be useful to a wide range of readers interested in a variety of economic issues, including the interpretation, accounting and reporting of goodwill. In addition, the results presented in this article can be applied in the practical work of the accounting departments of modern organizations, as well as in the educational process of higher educational institutions and in the development and improvement of relevant accounting regulations.
Mechanisms of sustainable development of service enterprises
Authors: Efremova Marina , Chkalova Olga
Published: April 2023

The article explores the mechanisms of sustainable development of service enterprises. The essence and role of client-oriented management in the efficiency of hotel enterprises has been studied. It is shown that in modern conditions the achievement of a stable position of a service enterprise in the market is based on the formation of stable relationships with customers. Based on the results of a sociological survey conducted among guests of a Nizhny Novgorod premium hotel, problems and sources of increasing guest loyalty were identified.
ABSTRACT IN SCIENTIFIC ARTICLE, ITS CONTENT, STRUCTURE AND SIGNIFICANCE
Authors:   Editor-in-Chief of ", Saloeva Kh. R. ,   Science and Innovative Development",   magazine  Ministry of Higher and Secondary Specialized Education of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Published: April 2023

The article describes the meaning of the word "abstract", gives the history of its occurrence. The concepts of "abstract" and "thesis", as well as their differences from the annotation, are explained. In addition, the need to use the abstract in a scientific article is indicated, its structure is presented, and the need for its compliance with international requirements is justified. For young scientists, the author recommends using and provides examples of key and introductory words, common phrases and patterns when writing abstracts for scientific articles. It is emphasized that the abstract should be written in a scientific style, the main requirement is to clearly and concisely express the idea, not to use general phrases and introductory words that are not related to the scientific article.