bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-century (635-year) spring season precipitation reconstruction from northern Pakistan revealed increasing extremes
Authors: Khan Nasrullah , Gaire Narayan Prasad , Rahmonov Oimahmad , Ullah Rafi
Published: January 2024

The Hindu Kush Himalaya region is experiencing rapid climate change with adverse impacts in multiple sectors. To put recent climatic changes into a long-term context, here we reconstructed the region’s climate history using tree-ring width chronologies of climate-sensitive Cedrus deodara and Pinus gerardiana. Growth-climate analysis reveals that the species tree-growth is primarily limited by moisture stress during or preceding the growing season, as indicated by a positive relationship between the chronology and precipitation and scPDSI, and a negative one with temperature. We have reconstructed 635 years (1384–2018 CE) of February–June precipitation using a robust climate reconstruction model that explains about 53% variance of the measured precipitation data. Our reconstruction shows several dry and wet episodes over the reconstruction period along with an increase in extreme precipitation events during recent centuries or years. Long, very wet periods were observed during the following years: 1392–1393, 1430–1433, 1456–1461, 1523–1526, 1685–1690, 1715–1719, 1744–1748, 1763–1767, 1803–1806, 1843–1846, 1850–1855, 1874–1876, 1885–1887, 1907–1909, 1921–1925, 1939–1944, and 1990–1992, while long dry periods were observed during the following years: 1398–1399, 1464–1472, 1480–1484, 1645–1649, 1724–1727, 1782–1786, 1810–1814, 1831–1835, 1879–1881, 1912–1918, 1981–1986, 1998–2003, and 2016–2018 CE. We found predominantly short-term periodicity cycles of 2.0, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.6–2.7, 2.9, 3.3, 4.8, 8.1–8.3, and 9.4–9.6 years in our reconstruction. Spatial correlation analyses reveal that our reconstruction is an effective representation of the precipitation variability in the westerly climate-dominated areas of Pakistan and adjacent regions. In addition to the influence of regional circulation systems like western disturbances, we found possible teleconnections between the precipitation variability in northern Pakistan and broader-scale climate modes or phases like AMO and ENSO. The study also highlights the prospects of tree-ring application to explore linkages between western disturbance, increasing intensity and frequency of extreme climate events, and analysis of long-term atmospheric circulation over the western Himalayan region.
RNA sequencing and proteomic profiling reveal alterations by MPTP in chronic stomach mucosal injury in tree shrew Chinese (Tupaia belangeri chinensis)
Authors: Wang Chen-yun , Ye You-song , Long Wei-hu , Li Zhe-li , Zheng Hong , Lin Xiao-rui , Zhou Wei , Tang Dong-hong
Published: January 2024

1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) is a neurotoxin that can cause gastrointestinal ulcers by affecting dopamine levels. Therefore, MPTP has been considered a toxic substance that causes gastric ulcer disease in experimental animals. In this study, tree shrews were used as the animal model of gastric mucosa injury, and MPTP was intraperitoneally injected at a lower MPTP dosage 2 mg/kg/day for 13 weeks, while tree shrews were not injected as the control group. Under the light microscope, local congestion or diffuse bleeding points of gastric mucosa and multiple redness and swelling bleeding symptoms on the inner wall were observed in the treatment group, as well as immune cell infiltration was found in HE staining, but no such phenomenon was observed in the control group. In order to explore the molecular basis of changes in MPTP induced gastric mucosa injury, the transcriptome and proteome data of gastric mucosa were analyzed. We observed significant differences in mRNA and protein expression levels under the influence of MPTP. The changes in mRNA and proteins are related to increased immune infiltration, cellular processes and angiogenesis. More differentially expressed genes play a role in immune function, especially the candidate genes RPL4 and ANXA1 with significant signal and core role. There are also differentially expressed genes that play a role in mucosal injury and shedding, especially candidate genes GAST and DDC with certain signaling and corresponding functions. Understanding the factors and molecular basis that affect the expression of related genes is crucial for coping with Emotionality gastric mucosa injury disease and developing new treatment methods to establish the ability to resist disease.
Research on the deformation laws of buildings adjacent to shield tunnels in clay strata
Authors: Cai Liping , Shi Kang , Jiang Feng , Chen Guanyi , Xiao Zhiyong , Zheng Chengcheng , Zhang Shuai , Wu Yue
Published: January 2024

Earth pressure shields are widely used in tunnel construction due to their low environmental impact and mechanized operations. However, ensuring the stability of the excavation surface during the construction process is crucial. Any instability in the excavation surface can lead to soil destruction, such as body collapse or surface uplift. Additionally, the tunneling process can cause deformation disturbances to nearby buildings. In the case of Beijing Metro Line 17, detailed survey data and construction monitoring data were collected through field surveys and tests. The study combined theoretical analysis and numerical simulations to investigate the impact of shield tunneling in clay layers on neighboring buildings. The focus was on analyzing the physical deformation and the response law of influencing factors, such as stratum parameters and engineering effects on surface settlement, building inclination, and distortion. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis of the deformation impact was conducted, and corresponding measures for deformation control were proposed.
Evaluation of the reliability and readability of ChatGPT-4 responses regarding hypothyroidism during pregnancy
Authors: Onder C. E. , Koc G. , Gokbulut P. , Taskaldiran I. , Kuskonmaz S. M.
Published: January 2024

Hypothyroidism is characterized by thyroid hormone deficiency and has adverse effects on both pregnancy and fetal health. Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) is a large language model trained with a very large database from many sources. Our study was aimed to evaluate the reliability and readability of ChatGPT-4 answers about hypothyroidism in pregnancy. A total of 19 questions were created in line with the recommendations in the latest guideline of the American Thyroid Association (ATA) on hypothyroidism in pregnancy and were asked to ChatGPT-4. The reliability and quality of the responses were scored by two independent researchers using the global quality scale (GQS) and modified DISCERN tools. The readability of ChatGPT was assessed used Flesch Reading Ease (FRE) Score, Flesch-Kincaid grade level (FKGL), Gunning Fog Index (GFI), Coleman-Liau Index (CLI), and Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG) tools. No misleading information was found in any of the answers. The mean mDISCERN score of the responses was 30.26 ± 3.14; the median GQS score was 4 (2–4). In terms of reliability, most of the answers showed moderate (78.9%) followed by good (21.1%) reliability. In the readability analysis, the median FRE was 32.20 (13.00–37.10). The years of education required to read the answers were mostly found at the university level [9 (47.3%)]. Although ChatGPT-4 has significant potential, it can be used as an auxiliary information source for counseling by creating a bridge between patients and clinicians about hypothyroidism in pregnancy. Efforts should be made to improve the reliability and readability of ChatGPT.
Rapid and accurate predictions of perfect and defective material properties in atomistic simulation using the power of 3D CNN-based trained artificial neural networks
Authors: Peivaste Iman , Ramezani Saba , Alahyarizadeh Ghasem , Ghaderi Reza , Makradi Ahmed , Belouettar Salim
Published: January 2024

This article introduces an innovative approach that utilizes machine learning (ML) to address the computational challenges of accurate atomistic simulations in materials science. Focusing on the field of molecular dynamics (MD), which offers insight into material behavior at the atomic level, the study demonstrates the potential of trained artificial neural networks (tANNs) as surrogate models. These tANNs capture complex patterns from built datasets, enabling fast and accurate predictions of material properties. The article highlights the application of 3D convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to incorporate atomistic details and defects in predictions, a significant advancement compared to current 2D image-based, or descriptor-based methods. Through a dataset of atomistic structures and MD simulations, the trained 3D CNN achieves impressive accuracy, predicting material properties with a root-mean-square error below 0.65 GPa for the prediction of elastic constants and a speed-up of approximately 185 to 2100 times compared to traditional MD simulations. This breakthrough promises to expedite materials design processes and facilitate scale-bridging in materials science, offering a new perspective on addressing computational demands in atomistic simulations.
Direct effects of adipocyte lipolysis on AMPK through intracellular long-chain acyl-CoA signaling
Authors: Rahman Abir A. , Butcko Andrew J. , Songyekutu Emmanuel , Granneman James G. , Mottillo Emilio P.
Published: January 2024

Long-chain acyl-CoAs (LC-acyl-CoAs) are important intermediary metabolites and are also thought to function as intracellular signaling molecules; however, the direct effects of LC-acyl-CoAs have been difficult to determine in real-time and dissociate from Protein Kinase A (PKA) signaling. Here, we examined the direct role of lipolysis in generating intracellular LC-acyl-CoAs and activating AMPK in white adipocytes by pharmacological activation of ABHD5 (also known as CGI-58), a lipase co-activator. Activation of lipolysis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes independent of PKA with synthetic ABHD5 ligands, resulted in greater activation of AMPK compared to receptor-mediated activation with isoproterenol, a β-adrenergic receptor agonist. Importantly, the effect of pharmacological activation of ABHD5 on AMPK activation was blocked by inhibiting ATGL, the rate-limiting enzyme for triacylglycerol hydrolysis. Utilizing a novel FRET sensor to detect intracellular LC-acyl-CoAs, we demonstrate that stimulation of lipolysis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes increased the production of LC-acyl-CoAs, an effect which was blocked by inhibition of ATGL. Moreover, ATGL inhibition blocked AMPKβ1 S108 phosphorylation, a site required for allosteric regulation. Increasing intracellular LC-acyl-CoAs by removal of BSA in the media and pharmacological inhibition of DGAT1 and 2 resulted in greater activation of AMPK. Finally, inhibiting LC-acyl-CoA generation reduced activation of AMPK; however, did not lower energy charge. Overall, results demonstrate that lipolysis in white adipocytes directly results in allosteric activation of AMPK through the generation of LC-acyl-CoAs.
Comparative analysis of hyperfibrinolysis with activated coagulation between amniotic fluid embolism and severe placental abruption
Authors: Ide Rui , Oda Tomoaki , Todo Yusuke , Kawai Kenta , Matsumoto Masako , Narumi Megumi , Kohmura-Kobayashi Yukiko , Furuta-Isomura Naomi , Yaguchi Chizuko , Uchida Toshiyuki , Suzuki Kazunao , Kanayama Naohiro , Itoh Hiroaki , Tamura Naoaki
Published: January 2024

Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) and placental abruption (PA) are typical obstetric diseases associated with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). AFE is more likely to be complicated with enhanced fibrinolysis than PA. AFE may have an additional mechanism activating fibrinolytic cascade. We aimed to compare the coagulation/fibrinolysis factors among AFE, PA, and peripartum controls. We assessed AFE cases registered in the Japanese AFE Registry, and PA cases complicated with DIC (severe PA) and peripartum controls recruited at our hospital. The following factors in plasma were compared: prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 (PF1 + 2), plasmin α2-plasmin inhibitor complex (PIC), tissue factor (TF), tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), annexin A2 (AnnA2), total thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) including its activated form (TAFIa), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-type 1 (PAI-1). PF1 + 2 and PIC were markedly increased in both AFE (n = 27) and severe PA (n = 12) compared to controls (n = 23), without significant difference between those disease groups; however, PIC in AFE showed a tendency to elevate relative to PF1 + 2, compared with severe PA. AFE had significantly increased tPA and decreased total TAFI levels compared with severe PA and controls, which might be associated with further plasmin production in AFE and underlie its specific fibrinolytic activation pathway.
BAF45D-binding to HOX genes was differentially targeted in H9-derived spinal cord neural stem cells
Authors: Liu Chang , Xie Yuxin , Chen Xueying , Liu Lihua , Liu Chao , Yin Zongsheng
Published: January 2024

Chromatin accessibility has been used to define how cells adopt region-specific neural fates. BAF45D is one of the subunits of a specialised chromatin remodelling BAF complex. It has been reported that BAF45D is expressed in spinal cord neural stem cells (NSCs) and regulates their fate specification. Within the developing vertebrate spinal cord, HOX genes exhibit spatially restricted expression patterns. However, the chromatin accessibility of BAF45D binding HOX genes in spinal cord NSCs is unclear. In the present study, we found that in H9-derived spinal cord NSCs, BAF45D targets TBX6, a gene that regulates spinal cord neural mesodermal progenitors. Furthermore, BAF45D binding to the NES gene is much more enriched in H9-derived spinal cord NSCs chromatin compared to ESCs chromatin. In addition, BAF45D binding to anterior and trunk/central HOX genes, but not to lumbosacral HOX genes, was much more enriched in NSCs chromatin compared to ESCs chromatin. These results may shed new light on the role of BAF45D in regulating region-specific spinal cord NSCs by targeting HOX genes.
The microstratigraphy and depositional environments of Lida Ajer and Ngalau Gupin, two fossil-bearing tropical limestone caves of west Sumatra
Authors: Anderson Holly E. , Morley Mike W. , McAdams Conor , Zaim Jahdi , Rizal Yan , Aswan  , Puspaningrum Mika R. , Hascaryo Agus T. , Price Gilbert J. , Louys Julien
Published: January 2024

Lida Ajer and Ngalau Gupin are karstic caves situated in the Padang Highlands, western Sumatra, Indonesia. Lida Ajer is best known for yielding fossil evidence that places the arrival of Homo sapiens in Southeast Asia during Marine Isotope Stage 4, one of the earliest records for the region. Ngalau Gupin recently produced the first record of hippopotamid Hexaprotodon on the island, representing the only globally extinct taxon in Pleistocene deposits from Sumatra. Microstratigraphic (micromorphological) analyses were applied to unconsolidated fossil-bearing cave sediments from these two sites. We use micromorphology as part of a micro-contextualised taphonomic approach to identify the diagenetic processes affecting fossils and sediments within these caves, through phases of their depositional history. The fossil-bearing sediments in Lida Ajer have been subjected to a suite of natural sedimentation processes ranging from water action to carnivore occupation, which would indicate the fossils underwent significant reworking prior to lithification of the deposit. The results demonstrate that the base of the unconsolidated fossil-bearing sediments in Ngalau Gupin were derived from the interior of the cave, where the matrix was partially phosphatized as a result of guano-driven diagenesis. These observations can be used to test hypotheses about the integrity of incorporated vertebrate remains and to aid in local palaeoenvironmental reconstructions. The methods employed in this research have not previously been applied to cave sediments from sites in the Padang Highlands and provide key new insights into the palaeontological and natural history of the western region of Sumatra.
Whole genome sequencing and annotation of Aspergillus flavus JAM-JKB-B HA-GG20
Authors: Bharose Achyut Ashokrao , Hajare Sunil Tulshiram , Narayanrao Dhawale Ramesh , Gajera H. G. , Prajapati Hrushna Kany , Singh Suresh Chandra , Upadhye Vijay
Published: January 2024

Groundnuts are mostly contaminated with the mold Aspergillus flavus which produces a carcinogenic mycotoxin called as aflatoxin. It is very important to understand the genetic factors underlying its pathogenicity, regulation, and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and animal toxicities, but it still lacks useful information due to certain gaps in the era of modern technology. Therefore, the present study was considered to determine the key genes and metabolites involved in the biosynthesis of aflatoxin by using a molecular approach in a virulent strain of Aspergillus. The whole genome sequence of highly toxic and virulent Aspergillus isolates JAM-JKB-B HA-GG20 revealed 3,73,54,834 bp genome size, 2, 26, 257 number of contigs with N50 value of 49,272 bp, 12,400 genes and 48.1% of GC contained respectively. The genome sequence was compared with other known aflatoxin producing and non-producing genome of Aspergillus spp. and 61 secondary metabolite (SM) gene clusters were annotated with the toxic strain JAM-JKB-BHA-GG20 which showed similarity with other Aspergillus spp. A total number of eight genes (ver-1, AflR, pksA, uvm8, omt1, nor-1, Vha and aflP) were identified related to biosynthesis of aflatoxin and ochratoxin. Also, 69 SSR with forward and reverse primers and 137 di and tri nucleotide motifs were identified in the nucleotide sequence region related to aflatoxin gene pathway. The genes and putative metabolites identified in this study are potentially involved in host invasion and pathogenicity. As such, the genomic information obtained in this study is helpful in understanding aflatoxin gene producing pathway in comparison to other Aspergillus spp. and predicted presence of other secondary metabolites clusters viz. Nrps, T1pks etc. genes associated with a biosynthesis of OTA mycotoxin.
UNet based on dynamic convolution decomposition and triplet attention
Authors: Li Yang , Yan Bobo , Hou Jianxin , Bai Bingyang , Huang Xiaoyu , Xu Canfei , Fang Limei
Published: January 2024

The robustness and generalization of medical image segmentation models are being challenged by the differences between different disease types, different image types, and different cases.Deep learning based semantic segmentation methods have been providing state-of-the-art performance in the last few years. One deep learning technique, U-Net, has become the most popular architecture in the medical imaging segmentation. Despite outstanding overall performance in segmenting medical images, it still has the problems of limited feature expression ability and inaccurate segmentation. To this end, we propose a DTA-UNet based on Dynamic Convolution Decomposition (DCD) and Triple Attention (TA). Firstly, the model with Attention U-Net as the baseline network uses DCD to replace all the conventional convolution in the encoding-decoding process to enhance its feature extraction capability. Secondly, we combine TA with Attention Gate (AG) to be used for skip connection in order to highlight lesion regions by removing redundant information in both spatial and channel dimensions. The proposed model are tested on the two public datasets and actual clinical dataset such as the public COVID-SemiSeg dataset, the ISIC 2018 dataset, and the cooperative hospital stroke segmentation dataset. Ablation experiments on the clinical stroke segmentation dataset show the effectiveness of DCD and TA with only a 0.7628 M increase in the number of parameters compared to the baseline model. The proposed DTA-UNet is further evaluated on the three datasets of different types of images to verify its universality. Extensive experimental results show superior performance on different segmentation metrics compared to eight state-of-art methods.The GitHub URL of our code ishttps://github.com/shuaihou1234/DTA-UNet.
Human Purkinje cells outperform mouse Purkinje cells in dendritic complexity and computational capacity
Authors: Masoli Stefano , Sanchez-Ponce Diana , Vrieler Nora , Abu-Haya Karin , Lerner Vitaly , Shahar Tal , Nedelescu Hermina , Rizza Martina Francesca , Benavides-Piccione Ruth , DeFelipe Javier , Yarom Yosef , Munoz Alberto , D’Angelo Egidio
Published: January 2024

Purkinje cells in the cerebellum are among the largest neurons in the brain and have been extensively investigated in rodents. However, their morphological and physiological properties remain poorly understood in humans. In this study, we utilized high-resolution morphological reconstructions and unique electrophysiological recordings of human Purkinje cells ex vivo to generate computational models and estimate computational capacity. An inter-species comparison showed that human Purkinje cell had similar fractal structures but were larger than those of mouse Purkinje cells. Consequently, given a similar spine density (2/μm), human Purkinje cell hosted approximately 7.5 times more dendritic spines than those of mice. Moreover, human Purkinje cells had a higher dendritic complexity than mouse Purkinje cells and usually emitted 2–3 main dendritic trunks instead of one. Intrinsic electro-responsiveness was similar between the two species, but model simulations revealed that the dendrites could process ~6.5 times (n = 51 vs. n = 8) more input patterns in human Purkinje cells than in mouse Purkinje cells. Thus, while human Purkinje cells maintained spike discharge properties similar to those of rodents during evolution, they developed more complex dendrites, enhancing computational capacity.
Heterogeneous factors influence social cognition across diverse settings in brain health and age-related diseases
Authors: Fittipaldi Sol , Legaz Agustina , Maito Marcelo , Hernandez Hernan , Altschuler Florencia , Canziani Veronica , Moguilner Sebastian , Gillan Claire M. , Castillo Josefina , Lillo Patricia , Custodio Nilton , Avila-Funes José Alberto , Cardona Juan Felipe , Slachevsky Andrea , Henriquez Fernando , Fraile-Vazquez Matias , Cruz de Souza Leonardo , Borroni Barbara , Hornberger Michael , Lopera Francisco , Santamaria-Garcia Hernando , Matallana Diana , Reyes Pablo , Gonzalez-Campo Cecilia , Bertoux Maxime , Ibanez Agustin
Published: January 2024

Aging diminishes social cognition, and changes in this capacity can indicate brain diseases. However, the relative contribution of age, diagnosis and brain reserve to social cognition, especially among older adults and in global settings, remains unclear when considering other factors. Here, using a computational approach, we combined predictors of social cognition from a diverse sample of 1,063 older adults across nine countries. Emotion recognition, mentalizing and overall social cognition were predicted via support vector regressions from various factors, including diagnosis (subjective cognitive complaints, mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer’s disease and behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia), demographics, cognition/executive function, brain reserve and motion artifacts from functional magnetic resonance imaging recordings. Higher cognitive/executive functions and education ranked among the top predictors, outweighing age, diagnosis and brain reserve. Network connectivity did not show predictive values. The results challenge traditional interpretations of age-related decline, patient–control differences and brain associations of social cognition, emphasizing the importance of heterogeneous factors.
Structural insights into respiratory complex I deficiency and assembly from the mitochondrial disease-related ndufs4−/− mouse
Authors: Yin Zhan , Agip Ahmed-Noor A , Bridges Hannah R , Hirst Judy
Published: January 2024

Respiratory complex I (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) is essential for cellular energy production and NAD+ homeostasis. Complex I mutations cause neuromuscular, mitochondrial diseases, such as Leigh Syndrome, but their molecular-level consequences remain poorly understood. Here, we use a popular complex I-linked mitochondrial disease model, the ndufs4−/− mouse, to define the structural, biochemical, and functional consequences of the absence of subunit NDUFS4. Cryo-EM analyses of the complex I from ndufs4−/− mouse hearts revealed a loose association of the NADH-dehydrogenase module, and discrete classes containing either assembly factor NDUFAF2 or subunit NDUFS6. Subunit NDUFA12, which replaces its paralogue NDUFAF2 in mature complex I, is absent from all classes, compounding the deletion of NDUFS4 and preventing maturation of an NDUFS4-free enzyme. We propose that NDUFAF2 recruits the NADH-dehydrogenase module during assembly of the complex. Taken together, the findings provide new molecular-level understanding of the ndufs4−/− mouse model and complex I-linked mitochondrial disease.
Versican accumulation drives Nos2 induction and aortic disease in Marfan syndrome via Akt activation
Authors: Ruiz-Rodríguez María Jesús , Oller Jorge , Martínez-Martínez Sara , Alarcón-Ruiz Iván , Toral Marta , Sun Yilin , Colmenar Ángel , Méndez-Olivares María José , López-Maderuelo Dolores , Kern Christine B , Nistal J Francisco , Evangelista Arturo , Teixido-Tura Gisela , Campanero Miguel R , Redondo Juan Miguel
Published: January 2024

Thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection (TAAD) is a life-threatening condition associated with Marfan syndrome (MFS), a disease caused by fibrillin-1 gene mutations. While various conditions causing TAAD exhibit aortic accumulation of the proteoglycans versican (Vcan) and aggrecan (Acan), it is unclear whether these ECM proteins are involved in aortic disease. Here, we find that Vcan, but not Acan, accumulated in Fbn1C1041G/+ aortas, a mouse model of MFS. Vcan haploinsufficiency protected MFS mice against aortic dilation, and its silencing reverted aortic disease by reducing Nos2 protein expression. Our results suggest that Acan is not an essential contributor to MFS aortopathy. We further demonstrate that Vcan triggers Akt activation and that pharmacological Akt pathway inhibition rapidly regresses aortic dilation and Nos2 expression in MFS mice. Analysis of aortic tissue from MFS human patients revealed accumulation of VCAN and elevated pAKT-S473 staining. Together, these findings reveal that Vcan plays a causative role in MFS aortic disease in vivo by inducing Nos2 via Akt activation and identify Akt signaling pathway components as candidate therapeutic targets.
Methotrimeprazine is a neuroprotective antiviral in JEV infection via adaptive ER stress and autophagy
Authors: Prajapat Surendra K , Mishra Laxmi , Khera Sakshi , Owusu Shadrack D , Ahuja Kriti , Sharma Puja , Choudhary Eira , Chhabra Simran , Kumar Niraj , Singh Rajan , Kaushal Prem S , Mahajan Dinesh , Banerjee Arup , Motiani Rajender K , Vrati Sudhanshu , Kalia Manjula
Published: January 2024

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) pathogenesis is driven by a combination of neuronal death and neuroinflammation. We tested 42 FDA-approved drugs that were shown to induce autophagy for antiviral effects. Four drugs were tested in the JE mouse model based on in vitro protective effects on neuronal cell death, inhibition of viral replication, and anti-inflammatory effects. The antipsychotic phenothiazines Methotrimeprazine (MTP) & Trifluoperazine showed a significant survival benefit with reduced virus titers in the brain, prevention of BBB breach, and inhibition of neuroinflammation. Both drugs were potent mTOR-independent autophagy flux inducers. MTP inhibited SERCA channel functioning, and induced an adaptive ER stress response in diverse cell types. Pharmacological rescue of ER stress blocked autophagy and antiviral effect. MTP did not alter translation of viral RNA, but exerted autophagy-dependent antiviral effect by inhibiting JEV replication complexes. Drug-induced autophagy resulted in reduced NLRP3 protein levels, and attenuation of inflammatory cytokine/chemokine release from infected microglial cells. Our study suggests that MTP exerts a combined antiviral and anti-inflammatory effect in JEV infection, and has therapeutic potential for JE treatment.
A simple photoelectrochemical aptasensor based on MoS2/rGO for aflatoxin B1 detection in grain crops
Authors: Zhang Cuizhong , Wang Qiang , Zhong Chuanze , Yang Ye , Liang Xuexue , Chen Peican , Zhou Liya
Published: January 2024

The response mechanism of a PEC aptasensor upon illumination without AFB1 (a) and with AFB1 (b).
A comparison of the detection and quantification of praziquantel via electrochemical and gas chromatography methods in freshwater and saltwater samples
Authors: Tonanon Panyawut , Jalando-On Agpoon Katherine , Webster Richard D.
Published: January 2024

Two new techniques for analyzing praziquantel (PZQ), an effective antiparasitic drug used in fresh and saltwater aquariums, were optimized and compared statistically.
P407 hydrogel loaded with nitric oxide microbubbles promotes angiogenesis and functional improvement in testicular transplantation
Authors: Xu Qi , Qiu Lin , Gu Qin , Wang Xinji , Pan Xiehua , Tong Mengqi , Fu Yanghua , Zhao Yingzheng , Xi Haitao
Published: January 2024

The scheme of NO microbubble hydrogel for testicular transplantation. Nitric oxide microbubble hydrogel promoted angiogenesis and functional recovery of grafts.
Insight into the alkaline earth metal salt promotion for alkali-catalyzed glucose isomerization
Authors: Lin Changqu , Shi Yunlin , Xu Lulu , Wang Zhengyue , Zhao Lili , Wu Hongli , Cao Fei , Wei Ping
Published: January 2024

An approach to improving the efficiency of alkali-catalyzed glucose isomerization into fructose by adding alkaline earth metal salts was explored. 70.3% fructose yield with 99% fructose selectivity can be achieved in Ca(OH)2–CaCl2 solution at 50 °C for 25 min.
Harnessing GPT-3.5 for text parsing in solid-state synthesis – case study of ternary chalcogenides
Authors: Thway Maung , Low Andre K. Y. , Khetan Samyak , Dai Haiwen , Recatala-Gomez Jose , Chen Andy Paul , Hippalgaonkar Kedar
Published: January 2024

Optimally doped single-phase compounds are necessary to advance state-of-the-art thermoelectric devices which convert heat into electricity and vice versa, requiring solid-state synthesis of bulk materials.
Immobilization of ferrocene and its derivatives within metal–organic frameworks with high loadings toward efficient oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Li Shulin , Shangguan Xiangyang , Zhou Zhaoxin , Niu Wenyue , Zhang Yajing , Wang Xiaonan , Zhu He , Liu Guoguo , Wang Kangjun , Yu Guangli
Published: January 2024

The use of an appropriate preparation route is the key to immobilize active molecules into a host matrix with high loadings and stability.
One-pot hydrothermal synthesis of noble-metal-free NiS on Zn0.5Cd0.5S nanosheet photocatalysts for high H2 evolution from water under visible light
Authors: Yang Linfen , Peng Yong , Wang Yuhua
Published: January 2024

A series of Zn0.5Cd0.5S/NiS (x mol%) composite photocatalysts have been synthesized. By optimizing the amount of NiS, the optimal ZCS/NS-5 composite photocatalysts achieved a superior photocatalytic H2 evolution rate of 10 855.4 ± 461 μmol g−1 h−1 under visible light.
Cocatalyst effects in Hf-catalysed olefin polymerization: taking well-defined Al–alkyl borate salts into account
Authors: Urciuoli Gaia , Zaccaria Francesco , Zuccaccia Cristiano , Cipullo Roberta , Budzelaar Peter H. M. , Vittoria Antonio , Ehm Christian , Macchioni Alceo , Busico Vincenzo
Published: January 2024

The performance of AlHAl was explored in combination with several metallocene and “post-metallocene” Hf catalysts for olefin polymerization. Comparison with established cocatalysts provides intriguing insights on the properties of this novel activator.
Plasma proteome profiling reveals molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of daily consumption of ‘Bahia’ and ‘Cara Cara’ orange juices
Authors: Tobaruela Eric de Castro , Brasili Elisa , Zeraik Laila , Milenkovic Dragan , Hassimotto Neuza Mariko Aymoto , Lajolo Franco Maria
Published: January 2024

The consumption of orange juice affects plasma proteome in healthy individuals, suggesting potential molecular targets and mechanisms of their bioactive compounds in humans, with a particular emphasis on proteins of coagulation cascade.
Effects of Vaccinium berries (blueberries, cranberries and bilberries) on oxidative stress, inflammation, exercise performance, and recovery – a systematic review
Authors: Prieto Martínez Arnold , Coutiño Diaz Michelle , Anaya Romero Lizette , Ali Redha Ali , Zare Reza , Ventura Hernandez Sthefano , Prokopidis Konstantinos , Clifford Tom
Published: January 2024

Evaluation of current clinical evidence on the effect of (poly)phenol-rich Vaccinium berries for sports nutrition.
Effects and mechanisms of anti-diabetic dietary natural products: an updated review
Authors: Cheng Jin , Li Jiahui , Xiong Ruo-Gu , Wu Si-Xia , Xu Xiao-Yu , Tang Guo-Yi , Huang Si-Yu , Zhou Dan-Dan , Li Hua-Bin , Feng Yibin , Gan Ren-You
Published: January 2024

Dietary natural products could ameliorate diabetes via inhibiting carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes, exerting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-glycation effects, activating the PI3K/AKT pathway, modulating the gut microbiota, and so on.
An algae-derived partially renewable epoxy resin formulation for glass fibre-reinforced sustainable polymer composites
Authors: Apostolidis Dimitrios , Dyer William E. , Dransfeld Clemens A. , Kumru Baris
Published: January 2024

A brown algae-based renewable epoxy monomer can outperform bisphenol-A based epoxy resin and composite systems by means of thermomechanical properties.
Sustainable synthesis of titanium based photocatalysts via surfactant templating: from kerosene to sunflower oil
Authors: Bristow Reece M. D. , Foot Peter J. S. , McGettrick James D. , Bear Joseph C. , Perera Ayomi S.
Published: January 2024

Sunflower oil was used as a templating agent for the development of sustainable, novel porous, titanosilicate microspheres. They are highly effective in removal of organic pollutants from water via adsorption and photocatalysis, and have potential applications in advanced tertiary water-treatment.
Doxorubicin loaded thermostable nanoarchaeosomes: a next-generation drug carrier for breast cancer therapeutics
Authors: Babunagappan Kaviya Vijayalakshmi , Seetharaman Abirami , Ariraman Subastri , Santhosh Poornima Budime , Genova Julia , Ulrih Natasa Poklar , Sudhakar Swathi
Published: January 2024

Nanoarchaeosomes as a next-generation drug carrier for cancer therapeutics.
Metasurface inverse designed by deep learning for quasi-entire terahertz wave absorption
Authors: Ding Zhipeng , Su Wei , Luo Yinlong , Ye Lipengan , Li Wenlong , Zhou Yuanhang , Zou Jianfei , Tang Bin , Yao Hongbing
Published: January 2024

Ultra-broadband and efficient terahertz (THz) absorption is of paramount importance for the development of high-performance detectors.
Insight into the hydration friction of lipid bilayers
Authors: Qin Xiaoxue , Dong Mingdong , Li Qiang
Published: January 2024

The hydration layer structures and friction forces at the interface of lipid bilayers with different charged headgroups are probed at the nanoscale through a combination of frequency-modulation atomic force microscopy and friction force microscopy.
Organic nanomotors: emerging versatile nanobots
Authors: Jin Jingjun , Li Yan , Wang Shuai , Xie Jianchun , Yan Xibo
Published: January 2024

This minireview presents the recent progress on organic nanomotors using stimulus-responsive organic fuels/engines as organic kinetic systems.
Optimized arrangement of non-π-conjugated PO3NH3 units leads to enhanced ultraviolet optical nonlinearity in NaPO3NH3
Authors: Wu Lingli , Tian Haotian , Lin Chensheng , Zhao Xin , Fan Huixin , Dong Pengxiang , Yang Shunda , Ye Ning , Luo Min
Published: January 2024

Here, the polar covalent group (PO3NH3)− is identified as a novel deep-ultraviolet (DUV) NLO-active unit. Its ordered arrangement in NaPO3NH3 makes this compound exhibiting the largest birefringence among DUV non-π-conjugated phosphate systems.
Furazan bis-ureas: a heterocyclic scaffold for anion binding and transport
Authors: Ryder William G. , Wu Emilie G. , Chen Lijun , Fares Mohamed , McNaughton Daniel A. , Tran Karen , Yu Chengzhong , Gale Philip A.
Published: January 2024

A five-membered central scaffold was used to develop a series of anion receptors. The library perturbed liposomal pH gradients through H+/Cl− transmembrane transport and elicited a variety of cytotoxicities against normal and cancerous cell lines.
Effect of synthesis methods on the activity of NiO/Co3O4 as an electrode material for supercapacitor: in the light of X-ray diffraction study
Authors: Nashim Amtul , Pany Soumyashree , Parida Kulamani
Published: January 2024

The composite prepared by the hydrothermal method presented superior electrochemical properties compared to the composite prepared by calcination.
An improved prediction model for COD measurements using UV-Vis spectroscopy
Authors: Guan Li , Zhou Yijun , Yang Sen
Published: January 2024

We have proposed and developed an improved online COD prediction measurement. The work includes designing the structure and workflow of an online automatic detection module, and proposing an improved noise removal method and a COD detection network.
Unravelling the thermal behavior and kinetics of unsaturated polyester resin supplemented with organo-nanoclay
Authors: Chencheni Ayoub , Belkhiri Samir , Tarchoun Ahmed Fouzi , Abdelaziz Amir , Bessa Wissam , Boucheffa Youcef , Trache Djalal
Published: January 2024

Montmorillonite nanoclay (MMT) was modified using a quaternary ammonium compound. The incorporation of nanoclay into unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) was shown to be more stable and had reduction in both the energetic barrier and pre-exponential factor for redox and thermal reactions.
In vitro and in vivo studies of Syzygium cumini-loaded electrospun PLGA/PMMA/collagen nanofibers for accelerating topical wound healing
Authors: Abdelazim Esraa B. , Abed Tasneem , Goher Shaimaa S. , Alya Shaza H. , El-Nashar Heba A. S. , EL-Moslamy Shahira H. , El-Fakharany Esmail M. , Abdul-Baki Enas A. , Shakweer Marwa Mosaad , Eissa Noura G. , Elsabahy Mahmoud , Kamoun Elbadawy A.
Published: January 2024

Fabrication of Syzygium cumini-loaded polymeric nanofibers for wound healing applications.
Preparation of high-performance monoazo disperse dyes bearing ester groups based on benzisothiazole and their dyeing performance on polyester fabrics
Authors: Song Xiyu , Dai Chuang , Li Mingda , Li Min , Hu Liu , Wang Yu , Hou Aiqin , Qian Hongfei
Published: January 2024

A series of azo disperse dyes containing different kinds of ester groups based on benzisothiazole were synthesized by the coupling reaction of diazotization of 3-amino-5-nitro [2,1] benzisothiazole with N-substituted aniline compounds bearing different ester moieties.
Aminated graphene quantum dots/CdS nanobelts for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of RhB dye under visible light
Authors: Lin Xiangfeng , Chen Yu , Zhou Diwen , Chen Menglin , Liang Weixia , Guo Huazhang
Published: January 2024

CdS nanoparticles have wide applications as photocatalysts for degradation of organic pollutants, but due to their limited turnover number and off-pathway charge recombination processes, their degradation efficiency is low.
Reactive processing-microstructure-mechanical performance correlations in biodegradable poly(lactic acid)/expanded graphite nanocomposites
Authors: Rahmanifard Mahdi , Khademi Seyed Mohammad Hassan , Asheghi-Oskooee Reza , Farizeh Tara , Hemmati Farkhondeh
Published: January 2024

Reactive extrusion is a promising method to prepare biodegradable nanocomposites with enhanced modulus, strength and toughness.
Layer engineering in optoelectronic and photonic properties of single and few layer phosphorene using first-principles calculations
Authors: Mamori Habiba , Al Shami Ahmed , Attou Loubaba , El Kenz Abdallah , Benyoussef Abdelilah , Taleb Abdelhafed , El Fatimy A. , Mounkachi Omar
Published: January 2024

Developing devices for optoelectronic and photonic applications-based nanomaterials has been one of the most critical challenges in the last decade.
Properties of Ophioglossum vulgatum L. extract Pickering emulsion stabilized by carbon dots and its potential use in cosmetics
Authors: Xu Guomei , Chen Shuyu , Shi Qiang , Wang Huayang , Wu Lihong , Pan Pan , Ying Hanjie , Xie Hongxue
Published: January 2024

Ophioglossum vulgatum L. (O. vulgatum) is a species of fern used in traditional Chinese medicine, however, its application in cosmetics has not yet been studied.
An innovative approach in titanium determination based on incorporating 2-amino-4-((4-nitrophenyl)diazenyl)pyridine-3-ol in a PVC membrane
Authors: Alshehri R. F. , Hemdan M. , Babalghith A. O. , Amin A. S. , Darwish E. R.
Published: January 2024

Representative diagram for the sensing Ti4+ optode membrane.
Enhanced microwave assisted pyrolysis of waste rice straw through lipid extraction with supercritical carbon dioxide
Authors: Sikhom Chanettee , Attard Thomas M. , Winotapun Weerapath , Supanchaiyamat Nontipa , Farmer Thomas J. , Budarin Vitaliy , Clark James H. , Hunt Andrew J.
Published: January 2024

A combination of supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) extraction and microwave-assisted pyrolysis (MAP) have been investigated for the valorisation of waste rice straw.
Vitex Negundo–Fe3O4–CuO green nanocatalyst (VN–Fe3O4–CuO): synthesis of pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyrazole derivatives via the cyclization of isoniazid with pyrazole and their antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity, and molecular docking studies
Authors: Akbar Idhayadhulla , Mullaivendhan Janani , Ahamed Anis , Aljawdah Hossam M.
Published: January 2024

In this study, we developed a novel pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyrazole derivative with antibacterial and antifungal activities that shows great potential for treating infectious diseases.
Bacterial templated carbonate mineralization: insights from concave-type crystals induced by Curvibacter lanceolatus strain HJ-1
Authors: Lyu Jiejie , Li Fuchun , Long Haoran , Zhu Xinru , Fu Nan , Guo Ziqi , Zhang Weiqing
Published: January 2024

Schematic model of the formation mechanism of concave-type minerals.
Recent progress in TiO2–biochar-based photocatalysts for water contaminants treatment: strategies to improve photocatalytic performance
Authors: Liu Yunfang , Dai Xiaowei , Li Jia , Cheng Shaoheng , Zhang Jian , Ma Yibo
Published: January 2024

(1) The synthesis technologies, characteristics, and advantages of TiO2–biochar-based photocatalysts are introduced. (2) Strategies to enhance the activity of TiO2–biochar-based photocatalysts are proposed from three systematic aspects.
Facile construction of an anthracene-decorated highly luminescent coordination polymer for the selective detection of explosive nitroaromatics and the mutagenic pollutant TNP
Authors: Hossain Ersad , Hazra Abhijit , Datta Sourav , Khan Samim , Pramanik Samit , Banerjee Priyabrata , Mir Mohammad Hedayetullah , Mukhopadhyay Subrata
Published: January 2024

This work highlights the fabrication of a luminescent 1D coordination polymer based on an anthracene-derived ligand, which has significant impact on the detection of explosive nitroaromatics and mutagenic pollutant TNP.
Construction of a uniform zeolitic imidazole framework (ZIF-8) nanocrystal through a wet chemical route towards supercapacitor application
Authors: Rabani Iqra , Lee Je-Won , Lim Taeyoon , Truong Hai Bang , Nisar Sobia , Afzal Sitara , Seo Young-Soo
Published: January 2024

Exploring larger surface area electrode materials is crucial for the development of efficient supercapacitors (SCs) with superior electrochemical performance.
Highly responsive and selective ozone sensor based on Ga doped ZnS–ZnO composite sprayed films
Authors: Laribi T. , Souissi R. , Bernardini S. , Bendahan M. , Bouguila N. , Alaya S.
Published: January 2024

Ozone detection is currently the subject of wide scientific and technological research, motivated by its harmful impact on human safety, environment and health.
Investigation of thein vitrobiological activities of polyethylene glycol-based thermally stable polyurethane elastomers
Authors: Akram Nadia , Shahbaz Muhammad , Zia Khalid Mahmood , Usman Muhammad , Ali Akbar , Al-Salahi Rashad , Abuelizz Hatem A. , Delattre Cédric
Published: January 2024

The intense urge to replace conventional polymers with ecofriendly monomers is a step towards green products.
From waste to energy storage: post-consumer waste expanded polystyrene/rGO composite as a high performance self-standing electrode for coin cell supercapacitors
Authors: Vijaya S. , Kennedy L. John
Published: January 2024

Free-standing electrodes prepared from waste expanded polystyrene by incorporating rGO into it for supercapacitor applications.
Carbon-coated selenium nanoparticles for photothermal therapy in choriocarcinoma cells
Authors: Yu Hui , He Xinyi , Gu Xiaoya , Hou Yuemin , Zhao Haoyi , Gao Li , An Ruifang , Wang Jia
Published: January 2024

Carbon-coated selenium (C–Se) nanoparticles were prepared to perform roles in photothermal therapy on choriocarcinoma cells by inducing ROS generation and apoptosis under near-infrared irradiation.
Copper release by MOF-74(Cu): a novel pharmacological alternative to diseases with deficiency of a vital oligoelement
Authors: Aguila-Rosas Javier , García-Martínez Betzabeth A. , Ríos Camilo , Diaz-Ruiz Araceli , Obeso Juan L. , Quirino-Barreda Carlos T. , Ibarra Ilich A. , Guzmán-Vargas Ariel , Lima Enrique
Published: January 2024

Copper deficiency can trigger various diseases such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Parkinson's disease (PD) and even compromise the development of living beings, as manifested in Menkes disease (MS).
Anderson-type polyoxometalate-based metal–organic framework as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for selective oxidation of benzylic C–H bonds
Authors: Tan Hong-Ru , Zhou Xiang , Gong Tengfei , You Hanqi , Zheng Qi , Zhao Sheng-Yin , Xuan Weimin
Published: January 2024

Self-assembly of Anderson-type polyoxometalate {CrMo6} with Cu2+ and bistriazole L affords POMOF-1 that works cooperatively with NPHI for oxidative transformation of benzylic C–H bonds into carbonyl compounds.
Nanoclay-reinforced alginate aerogels: preparation and properties
Authors: Xu Bang-Ting , Jin Da-zhi , Yu Yi , Zhang Qi , Weng Weng-jie , Ren Kai-xiang , Tai Yu-Lei
Published: January 2024

Flame-retardant materials that are mechanically robust, low cost and non-toxic from green and renewable resources are highly demanded in many fields.
A green light emissive LaSr2AlO5:Er3+ nanocrystalline material for solid state lighting: crystal phase refinement and down-conversion photoluminescence with high thermal stability
Authors: Kumar Pawan , Singh Devender , Kumar Harish
Published: January 2024

The present study reveals the structural and optoelectronic characteristics of a down-converted (DC) green luminous Er3+ doped LaSr2AlO5 phosphor that was produced by employing an efficient and reliable gel-combustion process assisted with urea as a fuel.
Highly bright solid-state carbon dots for efficient anticounterfeiting
Authors: Li Weihua , Han Yuanyuan , Wang Lihua , Selopal Gurpreet Singh , Wang Xiaohan , Zhao Haiguang
Published: January 2024

Highly bright solid-state C-dots for an efficient temperature-sensitive anticounterfeiting system.
Enhanced microwave absorption properties of conducting polymer@graphene composite to counteract electromagnetic radiation pollution: green EMI shielding
Authors: Kumari Suman , Dalal Jasvir , Kumar Anand , Pal Rishi , Chahal Ritu , Ohlan Anil
Published: January 2024

Conducting polymers have been thoroughly investigated and found to have extensive applications in the fields of microwave absorption and electromagnetic (EM) shielding owing to their distinctive characteristics and adaptability.