bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On theoretical and numerical analysis of fractal--fractional non-linear hybrid differential equations
Authors: Shafiullah  , Shah Kamal , Sarwar Muhammad , Abdeljawad Thabet
Published: March 2024

Recently, fractals and fractional calculus have received much attention from researchers of various fields of science and engineering. Because the said area has been found applicable in modeling various real-world processes and phenomena. Hybrid differential equations (HDEs) play significant roles in mathematical modeling of various processes because the aforesaid equations incorporate different dynamical systems as specific cases. For instance, it is possible to model and describe non-homogeneous physical phenomena on using the said equations. Therefore, this research work is concerned with studying a class of nonlinear hybrid fractal–fractional differential equations. We develop the existence result for the qualitative study using a hybrid fixed point theorem. For the mentioned goal, a fixed point theory for the product of two operators is applied to deduce appropriate conditions for the existence of exactly one solution. Additionally, the stability result based on Ulam–Hyers is also deduced. The said stability results play an important role in numerical investigations. In addition, a numerical method based on Euler procedure is utilized to approximate the solution of the proposed problems. Various computational test problems are given to demonstrate the results. Also, using various fractal–fractional order values, several graphical presentations are given for the examples. The concerned analysis will help in investigating many real-world problems modeled using HDEs with fractal–fractional orders in the near future.
Numerical investigations on constitutive model parameters of HRB400 and HTRB600 steel bars based on tensile and fatigue tests
Authors: Zhu Hanbo , Deng Jibing , Zhuang Mei-Ling , Sun Chuanzhi , Gao Li , Shao Yuefeng , Wang Mingsen , Wang Youzhi , Dong Yao-Rong , Tong Lei
Published: March 2024

In recent years, HRB400 and HTRB600 steel bars have become the mainstream standard reinforcing steel used in concrete structures in China. However, significant controversy still exists regarding the selection of material constitutive models and the determination of model parameters for buckling, fatigue, hysteresis, and other material characteristics. In this article, an automated process of multi-parameter calculation of the constitutive model for reinforcing steel – simulation accuracy evaluation of the constitutive model – selection of the constitutive model of reinforcing steel is established based on the hybrid programming method using MATLAB and OpenSees software. First, tensile and low-cycle fatigue tests were carried out on HRB400 and HTRB600 steel bars. Second, based on the constitutive model in OpenSees software and the skeleton curve and characteristics such as yielding, fatigue, and hysteresis, the constitutive model parameters of HRB400 and HTRB600 steel bars are determined using indirect and direct fitting methods. Finally, the five similarity parameters of the simulated normalized cumulative hysteretic energy dissipation coefficient are compared with the test results. The results indicate that the simulation accuracy of the Reinforcing Steel model exceeds 72%, which is higher than other four models, making it the best choice for reinforcing steel in numerical simulation.
Incredible electrochemical performance of ZnWO4/PANI as a favorable electrode material for supercapacitor
Authors: Padmanaaban Sastipriyaa , Kakkad Vasudevan Yadhukrishnan , Viswanathan Raja , Jose Sujin P. , Chellasamy Gopinathan
Published: March 2024

ZnWO4/PANI was synthesized through the in-situ polymerization technique, revealing the wolframite monoclinic phase in its XRD pattern. The distinctive morphology of ZnWO4/PANI observed in the SEM image, exhibits enhanced redox sites, thereby improving its electrochemical performance. Cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge studies confirm the pseudocapacitive behavior of ZnWO4/PANI, showcasing an impressive capacitance of 908 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 in 1 M KOH, along with a capacitive retention of 94 % over 5000 cycles. The robust conductivity of PANI and the narrow ion transport channels along with multiple oxidation states of ZnWO4 contribute to the higher specific capacity, guiding the movement of electrons and ions. This study suggests a synergistic effect in ZnWO4/PANI, resulting in remarkable electrochemical performance enhancements.
Spatiotemporal dynamics of successive activations across the human brain during simple arithmetic processing
Authors: Pinheiro-Chagas Pedro , Sava-Segal Clara , Akkol Serdar , Daitch Amy , Parvizi Josef
Published: March 2024

Previous neuroimaging studies have offered unique insights about the spatial organization of activations and deactivations across the brain, however these were not powered to explore the exact timing of events at the subsecond scale combined with precise anatomical source information at the level of individual brains. As a result, we know little about the order of engagement across different brain regions during a given cognitive task. Using experimental arithmetic tasks as a prototype for human-unique symbolic processing, we recorded directly across 10,076 brain sites in 85 human subjects (52% female) using intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG). Our data revealed a remarkably distributed change of activity in almost half of the sampled sites. Notably, an orderly successive activation of a set of brain regions - anatomically consistent across subjects- was observed in individual brains. Furthermore, the temporal order of activations across these sites was replicable across subjects and trials. Moreover, the degree of functional connectivity between the sites decreased as a function of temporal distance between regions, suggesting that information is partially leaked or transformed along the processing chain. Furthermore, in each activated region, distinct neuronal populations with opposite activity patterns during target and control conditions were juxtaposed in an anatomically orderly manner. Our study complements the prior imaging studies by providing hitherto unknown information about the timing of events in the brain during arithmetic processing. Such findings can be a basis for developing mechanistic computational models of human-specific cognitive symbolic systems.

Significance statementOur study elucidates the spatiotemporal dynamics and anatomical specificity of brain activations across >10,000 sites during arithmetic tasks, as captured by intracranial EEG. We discovered an orderly, successive activation of brain regions, consistent across individuals, and a decrease in functional connectivity as a function of temporal distance between regions. Our findings provide unprecedented insights into the sequence of cognitive processing and regional interactions, offering a novel perspective for enhancing computational models of cognitive symbolic systems.
A PV MPPT control method based on async-PSO and INC algorithm under shading condition
Authors:   Physics Section, School of Distance Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia, Li W. L. , Chuah L.S. ,   Physics Section, School of Distance Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia
Published: March 2024

For the time being, solar energy has received considerable attention and development on account of its distinct advantages, such as rich reserves and no geographical restrictions. Nevertheless, in practical applications, the photovoltaic module is easily affected by external environments, which gives rise to a decrease in photovoltaic power. The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technology for PV power system is an effective method to elevate the efficacy of photovoltaic electricity conversion. The frequently used control methods include the perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm and the incremental conductance (INC) method, and so forth; these methods vary tremendously in terms of the required parameters, algorithm complexity, tracking speed, tracking accuracy, hardware requirements etc. This work puts forth a MPPT control method on the basis of Async-PSO and INC algorithm to achieve a better performance in the MPPT. To reflect the change of light amplitude and temperature in a day, the temperature varies from 25℃ to 60℃ and irradiance from 450W/m2 to 900W/m2 . An extensively used mono-crystalline silicon PV module with 240W was considered as the research object to compare the capability of the recommended MPPT control method. MATLAB/Simulink software was adopted to model and simulate the algorithm. Aside from that, comprehensive comparisons were made with other MPPT methods to test and verify the recommended algorithm has significantly improved the tracking speed and accuracy at the maximum power point with smaller oscillations under various conditions.
Investigation of thermal properties of gadolinium doped carbon nanotubes
Authors: Abaszade R.G. , Aliyev E.M. , Mammadov A.G. , Khanmamadova E.A. , Guliyev A.A. , Aliyev F.G. , Zapukhlyak R.I. , Budak H.F. , Kasapoglu A.E. , Margitych T.O. , Singh A. , Arya S. , Gür E. , Stetsenko M.O.
Published: March 2024

Thermal properties characterizations for 10% and 15% Gd doped multi wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were investigated. TGA/DSC and TEM techniques were used for characterization. The features of mass loss characteristics for synthesized nanocomposite carbon nanomaterials were investigated. The specific heat capacities of the samples at a constant pressure increased as the temperature increased.
Influence of washing with sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) surfactant on different properties of ramie fibres
Authors: Palaniappan Murugesan , Palanisamy Sivasubramanian , Murugesan Thulasi mani , Tadepalli Srinivas , Khan Rashid , Ataya Sabbah , Santulli Carlo
Published: March 2024

Green composite materials are a means of reducing reliance on synthetic and especially single-use plastics (SUP) and raising public awareness of the need for urgent action to protect the planet. Natural (lignocellulosic) fibres are increasingly utilized as the reinforcement in polymer matrix composites, in search for increased renewability and sustainability. This work concerns the effect of washing ramie (Boehmeria nivea) fibres using sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) surfactant. The SLS-treated ramie fibres were examined for their morphological, physical, thermal, structural, and mechanical properties by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and tensile testing. SLS treated ramie fibres density and crystallinity index values were 1.23 g/cc and 84.5%, respectively, with a very high cellulose content of 81.3%, because hemicellulose and loose particles were dissolved. SEM images depicted the relevant changes, with no significant damage on treated fibre surfaces. With some assistance from the treatment, fibres initiated their degradation only above 250 °C, culminating at 327 °C, which appears suitable for the manufacturing of composites with the most common matrices.
Consumer behavior based on the SOR model: How do short video advertisements affect furniture consumers’ purchase intentions?
Authors: Yu Shulan , Zhang Hongli , Zheng Qun , Chu Dongdong , Chen Tianyue , Chen Xinran
Published: March 2024

Short video advertisements are a novel and influential medium for promoting furniture products, but their effects on consumers’ purchase intentions remain underexplored. This study applies the extended stimulus-organism-response (SOR) framework, a psychological theory that elucidates how stimuli (short video ads), organisms (consumers), and responses (purchase intentions) are interrelated. This study quantitatively examines these relationships using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results reveal that the Flow experience and Telepresence experience significantly affect purchase intentions, indicating that consumers who experience high levels of engagement and immersion while viewing short furniture-related video ads are more likely to exhibit buying behavior. This study also identifies three critical antecedents of the Telepresence experience: social influence, perceived entertainment value, and perceived interactivity. These factors may enhance the effectiveness of short-form video advertising by increasing consumer interaction and engagement. Moreover, convenience conditions, perceived entertainment value, and media richness significantly influence consumers’ flow experience. This suggests that these factors should be considered when designing short video advertisements to optimize consumers’ flow experience and thus increase purchase intentions. This study provides empirical evidence for the SOR framework, investigates the impact of short video advertisements on furniture consumers’ purchase intention, and offers practical implications and recommendations for marketing practitioners.
Effect of selective enhancement on the bending performance of fused deposition methods 3D-printed PLA models
Authors: Wang Chen , Yu Jiahao , Jiang Minhan , Li Jingyao
Published: March 2024

The top and bottom shells of fused deposition 3D-printed PLA models are exposed to the highest stresses. To improve the bending performance of PLA models under three-point bending conditions, the models were strengthened by a selective enhancement method. Several sets of PLA models were fabricated using FDM technology, and three-point bending experiments were conducted to compare the bending strength of PLA models when the layer height, top/bottom shell thickness, and extrusion rate were varied. The bending strength of the PLA models increased as the layer height of the top/bottom shell decreased, the thickness increased, and the extrusion rate increased. The average bending strength of the PLA models after selective enhancement was 84.4 MPa, and the average bending modulus of elasticity was 0.816 GPa, which were higher than the average bending strength of 68.6 MPa and the average bending modulus of elasticity of 0.736 GPa of the conventional groups. These results indicated that the selective enhancement method improved the bending performance of 3D-printed PLA models, and it also provided a reference for the improvement of the mechanical properties of the 3D-printed models with cellulose composite reinforced materials.
Development and Validation of a Dry Electrode Array for sEMG Recording and Hand Movement Recognition
Authors: Toledo-Peral Cinthya Lourdes , Martín-Vignon-Whaley Ana Isabel , Mercado-Gutierrez Jorge Airy , Vera-Hernández Arturo , Leija-Salas Lorenzo , Gutiérrez-Martínez Josefina
Published: March 2024

Surface electromyography (sEMG) signals are an indirect measurement of muscle activity, and their applications range from biomechanics to control and rehabilitation. Hand movement recognition is a very difficult endeavor due to forearm anatomy. Hence, a multichannel approach for signal acquisition and processing is required. Conventional electrodes can limit the ease-of-use and repeatability of multi-channel sEMG recordings. New techniques have been proposed in this regard, with dry electrodes being one of them. Dry electrode technology has enabled the design of better donning and doffing procedures for multichannel sEMG recording, particularly for rehabilitation and prosthetic applications. However, there is a debate about the quality of the signals recorded with them and their usefulness for the recognition of multiple hand movements. To mitigate these quality issues, this work proposes an array of reusable stainless steel dry electrodes for multichannel sEMG recording with a design that facilitates its positioning on the forearm. The dry electrodes were characterized through electrical impedance measures and a Bland-Altman test. They were found to have similar characteristics to standard, disposable sEMG pre-gelled electrodes. For placement repeatability and application feasibility, an anatomy-based electrode positioning protocol was implemented with 17 healthy subjects and six hand movements. To evaluate the application feasibility of the electrode array, a feed-forward artificial neural network was trained to classify signals from the six movements, with a 97,86±0,58% accuracy. The amplitude of the sEMG signals for two antagonist movements was compared, finding a 24,81% variation. The dry electrode array showed feasibility in acquiring and classifying sEMG signals of hand movements with high accuracy.
Evolution of Regulatory Governance for Human Research in Costa Rica
Authors: Ramírez Karol
Published: March 2024

Regulatory governance of human research derives from historical abuses of people participating in health related and non-health relates studies.  Costa Rica was no exception and nowadays counts with a Regulatory Law of Biomedical Research (Law 9234) that guarantees the protection of research participants’ human rights.  The aim of this narrative review is to overview the gradual development and state of the art of protections and oversight of research with humans in Costa Rica. A recapitulation of why regulatory governance for biomedical human research was enacted in 2014 will be discussed. Even so, there is no legal requirement in Costa Rica, as in other developing nations, for non-health related protocols with human participants, to undergo the scrutiny of research boards. Nonetheless, even before Law 9234 was passed, the University of Costa Rica made efforts to compel compliance with research ethics when studying humans. Therefore, another objective is to review the current ethical guidelines dictated by the University of Costa Rica and Scientifical Ethics Committee of the University of Costa Rica to conduct responsible human research. The University of Costa Rica’s institutional regulatory framework on human research, can serve as a model to other national and international institutions from developing nations, where ethical assessment of sociocultural research is relatively neglected, compared to the review of biomedical and clinical studies.
Breve acercamiento a la marginación de autoras españolas del Grupo del 27
Authors: Orozco Abarca Giovanni , Quesada Chavarría Meilyn , Rojas Arias Gabriela
Published: March 2024

En este artículo se argumentan las razones por las cuales la obra de autoras españolas ha sido marginada con respecto al canon literario del Grupo del 27. En principio, se parte de una contextualización histórica y sociopolítica de España en las primeras décadas del siglo XX para evidenciar la invisibilización y exclusión de estas del panorama cultural español. Seguidamente, se presenta una definición de canon literario y, a partir de ella, se explica la polémica en torno a la nómina de la llamada Generación del 27, así como de la configuración de la poesía como género literario por excelencia en detrimento de otros y el papel que cumplen la crítica y la historia en la formación del canon del 27. Finalmente, se concluye que, en los intentos de modernización de España a inicios del siglo XX, se dejó fuera a las mujeres por varias razones: relegación al espacio doméstico, la alta representación masculina en el Grupo del 27, el papel relevante de las antologías y revistas en la configuración del canon y la represión causada por la dictadura del régimen franquista.
A szociálisprobléma-megoldás és a szorongás jellemzői perfekcionista és nem perfekcionista serdülők körében – egy longitudinális vizsgálat eredményei
Authors: Kasik László , Gál Zita
Published: March 2024

Háttér és célkitűzések

A maladaptív perfekcionizmussal jellemzett serdülők szociálisprobléma-megoldásának egyik igen fontos jellemzője a problémához való negatív viszonyulás, illetve a problémahelyzetből való minél gyorsabb kilépés, ha úgy érzékelik, megoldásuk nem felel meg maximálisan az általuk vagy a környezetük által megfogalmazott elvárásoknak. A kétéves (2021–2022) követéses vizsgálat első mérési pontján 11–12 éves és 16–17 éves diákok (N2021 = 305, N2022 = 290) körében vizsgáltuk, milyen arányban fordul elő körükben adaptív és maladaptív perfekcionista, milyen különbség azonosítható kortársakkal kapcsolatos problémáik megoldásában, bevonva az elemzésbe a szorongást is, mivel ennek szerepe az elkerülő viselkedésben és főként a maladaptív perfekcionizmusban jelentős.

Módszer

A szociálisprobléma-megoldás jellemzőit a Social Problem-Solving Inventory–Revised (D’Zurilla és mtsai, 2002), az állapot- és a vonásszorongást a State–Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (Sipos és mtsai, 1978) kérdőívvel vizsgáltuk. A perfekcionizmust az Almost Perfect Scale Revised (Slaney és mtsai, 2001) és az Frost Multidimensiol Perfectionism Scale (Frost és mtsai, 1990) eszközzel tártuk fel, melyekkel együttesen a személyes, a környezettől származó és külön a szülői elvárások, a kételkedés, a hibázástól való félelem, a megfelelés hiányának érzése és a rendezettség, rendszeretet jellemzői azonosíthatók.

Eredmények

Mindkét évben közel hasonló a nem perfekcionisták, az adaptív és a maladaptív perfekcionisták aránya, mely arányok egy év elteltével nem változtak, és mindkét életkorban a perfekcionisták harmada a maladaptív perfekcionizmus jeleit mutatja. A maladaptív perfekcionistákra jellemző legnagyobb mértékben a negatív problémaorientáció és az elkerülő viselkedés, utóbbi – főként az idősebbeknél – a vonás- és állapotszorongással és a szülői kritikával együtt markáns hatással bír a maladaptív perfekcionista diákok személyes elvárásaira és a megfelelés hiányának érzésére.

Következtetések

Ezek az eredmények többnyire alátámasztják a külföldi kutatási adatokat, és arra hívják fel a figyelmet, hogy az iskolai nevelés során mindenképpen szükséges a jelenleginél mélyrehatóbban foglalkozni a perfekcionizmus serdülőkori megjelenésével, felismerésével, okaival, alakulásával és következményeivel, megfelelő pedagógiai eszközökkel segíteni az adaptivitás erősödését, illetve kezelése során figyelembe kell venni más területekkel való kapcsolatát. E longitudinális felmérésből is úgy látszik, a maladaptív perfekcionizmusnak a társas problémák nem hatékony megoldásával és a szorongással is egyre szorosabb a kapcsolata serdülőkorban, mely kapcsolatrendszer kevésbé hatékony életvezetést eredményezhet mind társas, mind teljesítményhelyzetekben.
From withdrawal to return in the first decade of the Ab Vrbe condita: An example of Livian dialectic of contrasts
Authors: Meunier Nicolas L.J.
Published: March 2024

Livy's narrative, far from being a faithful and scrupulous account of historical facts, is first and foremost a piece of literary, a narration, a collection of exempla that should serve as models or anti-models for readers, as Livy himself says in his Praefatio (Liv. Praef. 10). In his writing work, he follows guiding principles, the most important of which is the dialectic of contrasts, inspired by oratory and rhetoric. On the basis of different examples from the first decade of Ab Urbe condita, the objective of this article is to examine how this principle of writing was applied to the theme of Returns (a motif well known in the imaginary and literature of classical Antiquity). Thus, it appears that each episode of return or attempt to return is systematically preceded by an episode of withdrawal from the civic community, with which it is contrasted in various ways. Examples of such withdrawal-return antagonist pairs are numerous, and they concern both individual characters (Tarquin the Proud, Coriolanus, Cincinnatus, Kaeso Quinctius, etc.) and collective ensembles (in the form of a secessio of an entire ordo).
A kapitalizmus örök?
Authors: Golovics József
Published: March 2024

A gazdasági rendszerek versenye a 20. század végére a kapitalizmus győzelmével
zárult. De vajon megőrizhető, illetve örökre szóló-e ez a domináns pozíció? A
tanulmány fókuszában napjaink kapitalizmusa s az azt érő kihívások állnak.
Történeti összehasonlítás keretében áttekintjük, milyen jellemzőkben különbözik
napjaink tudásgazdasága a kapitalizmus korábbi változataitól, továbbá tárgyaljuk
azon kihívásokat, amelyek a gazdasági rendszert érik a 21. században. Ezek
között a technológiai szempontokra helyezzük a hangsúlyt, különös figyelmet
fordítva a mesterséges intelligencia és a blokklánc technológia tárgyalására. A
potenciális hatások elemzésekor a rendszer intézményi jellemzői állnak
fókuszunkban, de érintjük az oktatás, az innováció és a munka világára vonatkozó
kérdéseket is.
„Jó szóval oktasd, játszani is engedd.”
Authors: Milassin Anda Nóra
Published: March 2024

A mindennapokban gyakori, hogy az eltérő életkorú személyek közötti
félreértésekre azonnal a generációkkal kapcsolatos jogos vagy jogtalan
sztereotípiákban keressük a választ. A születési évszámokhoz köthető társadalmi
generációk jelenléte széles körűen elfogadott és elterjedt ismeret a
munkaerőpiaci szereplők és a felsőoktatás szereplői számára is. A téma
aktualitását az adja, hogy ahogy minden generáció, úgy a mai iskolások (Z és
Alfa generáció) oktatási rendszerét is egy korábbi generáció alakította ki és
alkalmazza. Azonban az X generáció értékrendje, tanítási módszerei merőben
eltérnek a mostani digitális világban felnőtt generációkétól. A munkaerőpiaci
szereplők hasonló kihívásokkal küzdenek. A mostani vezetők nagy része másik kor
szülötte, más vezetési és motivációs eszközt alkalmaznak, más szervezeti
struktúrákban gondolkodnak, mint amelyekkel a mostani pályakezdő munkatársak
elkötelezettségét növelhetnék, amelyekkel megtarthatnák őket. Ebben a cikkben
nem csupán az eltérő generációk oktatási és munkahelyi konfliktusait
részletezem, de a szemléletformálás is kiemelt szerepet kap. Alapvetésem az
volt, hogy a generációs különbségeket nem problémaként, hanem lehetőségként kell
kezelni.
A zeneművészeti szakgimnazisták pályaválasztásának meghatározó tényezői
Authors: Váradi Judit , Kerekes Rita , Pótfi Melinda , Radócz J. Miklós
Published: March 2024

Hazánkban a zeneművészeti oktatás középfokára kevés figyelem irányult annak
ellenére, hogy az alap- és felsőfok között nemcsak átmenetet képez, hanem
prediktív erővel bír a zeneoktatás jövőjének alakulása szempontjából. Kutatásunk
során egy zeneművészeti szakgimnázium végzős évfolyamában (N =
22) vizsgáltuk a pályaválasztást befolyásoló tényezőket, a szakmai motivációs
tényezőket, valamint, hogy a tanulók milyennek látják az ideális főtárgytanárt.
A szakgimnáziumi tanulók véleménye szerint a zenészt a kitartás, alázat és
szorgalom jellemzi a legjobban, a zene számukra az önkifejezés eszköze, amely
kikapcsolódást, nyugalmat és egyfajta menedéket jelent.
The Concept of Heresy and the Theoretical Models of Difference
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Pigalev Alexander
Published: March 2024

The paper deals with the philosophical aspects of the concept of heresy in religion and beyond. It is emphasized that initially "heresy" meant "free choice", "received opinion", "doctrine", and "philosophic school", but very soon after the rise of Christian literature, its meaning had been radically changed. Since then, "heresy" was understood as "false belief" and "erroneous doctrine" that opposed "orthodoxy", so that the opposition of "heresy" and "orthodoxy" became, in the long run, the opposition of "false" and "true". Such significant parallelism indicates the metaphysical prerequisites for the modern usage of the term "heresy". It is also noted that the changes in the very concept of heresy are closely connected with the modernization of traditional societies. Whereas the latter were characterized by a high degree of predetermination of events, which was expressed by the mythologeme of fate, the passage to modernity meant the transformation of inflexible fate into a set of free choices that were made by man. In the issue, the former orthodoxy and heresies turn into a plurality of different but equivalent opinions. Hence, the scrutiny takes into account the history of the notion of difference that is considered in connection with the notions of identity and opposition. They make it possible to construe the transformation of negligible dissimilarity to the "blurred" and "fuzzy" difference and eventually to the polarity of absolute opposition. This implies that the term "heresy" as something "false" should rely on the concept of absolute opposition as the product of metaphysics. On this evidence, the analysis focuses on the reputed statement that the decisive point of monotheism is not the oneness of God but the exclusion of all other gods as the false ones (the so-called "Mosaic Distinction"). Just the exclusivity distinguishes the mode of difference that one faces in monotheism from the negligible dissimilarity that is inherent in polytheism. Accordingly, in connection with the "Mosaic Distinction", one should interpret the ban on idolatry as the inadmissibility of self-sufficiency and thus the divinity of the representations of God.
Thirtieth Anniversary of the Beginning of Preparation of Students in the Direction of Training in “Social Work” at Volgograd State University
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Andryushchenko Olga
Published: March 2024

The article is devoted to the history of the implementation of the specialty "Social Work" at Volgograd State University. With the opening of the specialty in 1993, the Department of Social Work was formed, which was then transformed several times. Currently, the training of specialists in the field of social work is carried out at the Department of Pedagogy, Psychology and Social Work. Active organizational changes took place in parallel with changes in federal state standards for higher education. The teaching staff managed not only to preserve the unique methods developed in the 1990s but also to significantly enrich them in accordance with modern trends in training personnel for the field of social protection and support of the population in the state and non-state sectors. The article presents an analysis of the work done at Volgograd State University over 30 years of training students in the direction of "Social Work".
To the Question of the Philosophical Paradigm of “Antipalamism” of Nicephorus Gregoras and Barlaam of Calabria
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Gravin Artyom
Published: March 2024

In this article, the problem of the conceptual synthesis of the theology of the Antipalamites (the opponents of Gregory Palamas in the era of Palamitic controversies) Nicephorus Gregoras and Barlaam of Calabria is considered. The consideration was based on two aspects: the cognition of God (the mystical aspect) and natural science (the scientific aspect). According to the author's intention, the use of the paradigmatic approach implies not so much a historical and philosophical generalization as the identification of a conceptual philosophical model. In this perspective, the use of the generalized term "antipalamism" for the theology of Gregory Palamas' opponents is possible without adjusting for the "simplification" of the historical picture of a particular era. This article also reveals the gnoseological scheme inherent in the philosophy of these thinkers, which affirms the absolute simplicity of the primordial (God), the impossibility of unconditional theological inference, and the primacy of natural science as indirect (through the study of principles of the created world) cognition over direct cognition of God. In this context, the connection between the theological position on the presence of divine will in the material world and the socio-economic processes in the Byzantine society of the 14th century is noted. It is also shown that the identified epistemological scheme can be found in the philosophical constructions of thinkers of later epochs, in particular, in the theology of the opponents of Onomatodoxy (early 20th century). It is noted that, similarly to the theological constructions of Gregory Palamas' opponents, the reasoning of the adversaries of onomatodoxy reveals both skepticism concerning the mystical cognition of God and an emphasis on the subjective psychological abilities of man. It is shown that the hypothesis of a common philosophical paradigm, which, according to A.F. Losev, is inherent in the opponents of Gregory Palamas, the Kantians, the opponents of onomatodoxy, etc., needs a detailed analysis of more historical-philosophical and historical-cultural material in order to present a reasonable classification model of the different trends of Christian thought, provided some supporting factors are present.
Profesor Józef Dobosz jako Uczony
Authors:   Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, Polska, Jasiński Tomasz
Published: March 2024

The author presents the academic achievements of Professor Józef Dobosz, a medieval historian from Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, formerly a student of Professor Brygida Kürbis. He also presents the successive stages of his academic career, the main directions of his research, his most important publications and organisational activity. Professor Dobosz’s contribution to the development of relations between Polish and Czech historical milieus is also highlighted.
The spread and influence of crusading ideology in Bohemia and Poland
Authors:   Australian Catholic University, Canberra Campus (Signadou), von Güttner-Sporzyński Darius
Published: March 2024

This article investigates the transmission and influence of the idea of crusade in Bohemia and Poland, pivotal in shaping East Central Europe’s religious, cultural, and political landscape during the Middle Ages. Exploring cultural exchanges, political alliances, and ecclesiastical influences, it reveals the mechanisms of this ideology’s dissemination and absorption in the Piast realm. It examines the nuanced transformation in attitudes and policies following the reception of the idea of crusade, contributing to a deeper understanding of the interplay between ideology and regional dynastic dynamics and its enduring impact on the Christian world.
Perbedaan Nilai Near Infrared Spectroscopic Terhadap Posisi Head Up 15° Dan Head Up 30° Pada Pasien Yang Dirawat Di Ruang Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Hutabarat Syahrir Supratman , Lubis Andriamuri Primaputra , Wijaya Dadik Wahyu
Published: March 2024

Oksigenasi serebral sangat dipengaruhi oleh autoregulasi serebri yang dapat mengatur aliran darah ke otak sehingga menyebabkan masuknya oksigen dapat bertambah maupun berkurang. Perubahan postur selama anestesi memiliki efek kompleks pada sirkulasi sistemik dan serebral yang berpotensi menurunkan aliran darah otak dan oksigenasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan meneliti perbandingan nilai near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) dengan posisi head up 15o dan 30o. Penelitian ini dilakukan di ICU RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan mulai bulan Agustus sampai Oktober 2022. Desain penelitian eksperimental dengan rancangan single blind randomized controlled trial. Analisis statistik variabel numerik menggunakan uji T-independen pada data berdistribusi normal dan uji Mann Whitney pada data tidak berdistribusi normal. Analisis statistik untuk data kategorik dengan uji chi-square atau uji Fisher Exact. Rerata nilai NIRS baik kanan maupun kiri pada kelompok Head Up 15o lebih rendah dibanding dengan kelompok Head Up 30o dengan perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0,05). Kesimpulan, nilai rerata near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) pada posisi Head Up 15° lebih rendah dibanding dengan posisi head up 30°.Kata kunci:
Pengaruh Remifentanil Vs Fentanyl Terhadap Hemodinamik dan Kadar Kortisol Pada Pasien Dengan Ventilasi Mekanis Di Ruang Rawat Intensif
Authors: Fitrianti Nadia , Muchtar Faisal , Hisbullah Hisbullah , Salahuddin Andi , Ratnawati Ratnawati , Palinrungi Ari Santri
Published: March 2024

Nyeri pascaventilasi mekanik membutuhkan analgosedasi untuk tata laksana nyeri, namun belum ada rekomendasi pasti penggunaan opioid dan perubahan fisiologis spesifik berdampak langsung pada farmakologi obat yang menyebabkan perbedaan respons antarpasien. Penelitian eksperimental secara double blind randomized control trial (RCT) pada 32 pasien dengan status fisik ASA I–II, usia 18–70 tahun, terventilator dengan durasi 24 jam pascaoperasi tiroid di Intensive Care Unit (ICU) RSUP Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar pada bulan Juni–Agustus 2023. Pasien dibagi dalam kelompok analgosedasia remifentanil dan kelompok analgosedasia Fentanil. Respons hemodinamik, dan kadar kortisol dicatat dan dilakukan uji statistik dengan student t-test dan chi-kuadrat. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa kelompok remifentanil menunjukkan perubahan tekanan darah sistole, diastole, rerata tekanan arteri serta denyut jantung yang lebih stabil daripada fentanil. Penggunaan fentanil menunjukkan penurunan kadar kortisol dalam 24 jam yang lebih tinggi daripada penggunaan remifentanil (p<0,05), tetapi kadar kortisol serum dalam 24 jam lebih rendah pada kelompok remifentanil dibanding dengan kelompok fentanil. Simpulan, remifentanil lebih mempertahankan stabilitas hemodinamik dan memberikan kadar kortisol serum yang lebih rendah pada pasien yang terventilasi mekanik.
A huszárság, mint identitás a Nagy Háború első felében
Authors: Mokánszki Zoltán
Published: March 2024

Akárcsak korábbi időszakokban, napjainkban is fontosak a katonaerények, valamint a történelmi gyökerek és példák előtérbe helyezése. Erre jó példa, hogy a Budapesti Helyőrség Dandár Szurmay Sándor vezérezredes nevét viseli. Manapság a huszárság– ha nem is harcászati vagy hadászati értelemben – reneszánszát éli. A huszár csapatnemtagjaiban történelmi hagyományaik alapján egy sajátos identitás és gondolkodásalakult ki. A Nagy Háború kezdeti időszakában ez erőteljesen megmutatkozott, a huszárok önmagukat másokhoz képest többre tartották. Korabeli naplóbejegyzéseikben és visszaemlékezéseikben hangot adtak annak, hogy szerintük a gyalogságnál a lovasság magasabb szinten állt. Célom, hogy hagyományaik és gondolkodásmódjuk alapján bemutassam, hogy ez mire vezethető vissza, és milyen magatartásformákban mutatkozott meg. Ennek a fajta mentalitásnak minden bizonnyal köze van ahhoz, hogy miért voltak olyan nagyarányú veszteségeik.
Szempontok a világi krisztushívők szerepvállalásához a béke előmozdításában
Authors: Ujházi Lóránd
Published: March 2024

A katolikus egyház a huszadik században aktív szerepet vállalt a béke előmozdításában. Ferenc pápa az egyház legfontosabb küldetésének tekinti a béke ügyét. Az egyházsajátos eszközeit a békeépítésre használja fel. A tanulmány a világi krisztushívők békéltetésben elfoglalt helyére összpontosít. Hipotézise szerint Ferenc pápa reformja hozzájárult a zsinati elvek kiteljesedéséhez. Komoly stratégiában gondolkodik, és olyan egyházképet vizionál, amely sajátos képességeit a béke előmozdítására használja. Mindebben pedig a világi krisztushívők katolikus identitásuk és szaktudásuk okán különösen fontos szerepet töltenek be. A tanulmány történeti visszatekintést istesz, bemutatva hogyan fejlődött ki a világiak szerepe és a béke előmozdításának gondolata, és a kettő hogyan került egymással kapcsolatba.
The Xántus’s herbarium in the Hungarian Natural History Museum (BP)
Authors: Pifkó Dániel
Published: March 2024

The list of the 184 specimens of the American botanical collection of János Xántus sent to Hungary in 1861 is presented. Altogether 24 syntypes of 23 taxa were recognised in this material: Abutilon xanti A. Gray, Amaranthus torreyi (A. Gray) Bentham ex S. Watson var. suffruticosus Uline et W. L. Bray, Bahia parviflora A. Gray, Blitum californicum S. Watson, Buddleja crotonoides A. Gray, Caesalpinia mexicana A. Gray var. californica A. Gray, Caulanthus coulteri S. Watson, Celosia floribunda A. Gray, Chaenactis xantiana A. Gray, Chorizanthe perfoliata A. Gray, Chorizanthe xanti S. Watson, Clarkia xantiana A. Gray, Coursetia glandulosa A. Gray, Dyssodia speciosa A. Gray, Gomphocarpus tometosus var. xanti A. Gray, Hyptis tephrodes A. Gray, Krynitzkia microstachys Greene ex A. Gray, Macreightia intricata A. Gray, Nicotiana attenuata Torr. ex S. Watson, Penstemon laetus A. Gray, Polygala xanti A. Gray, Solanum xanti A. Gray, Viguiera tomentosa A. Gray; as well as isolectotypes of 2 taxa, i.e. Phaseolus atropurpureus Sessé et Moçiño ex DC. var. sericeus A. Gray, and Stachys albens A. Gray; and isoparatypes of 3 taxa, i.e. Amaranthus watsonii Standley, Froelichia xantusii R. A. McCauley, and Kallstroemia peninsularis D. M. Porter.
Deliberately derivative: levels of decolonisation in Nnedi Okorafor's Akata Witch
Authors: Boshoff Dorothea
Published: March 2024

Having written science fiction works such as Zahrah the Windseeker and Binti, Nnedi Okorafor is at the forefront of Africanfuturism. Akata Witch falls within the realm of Africanfuturism in offering a version of Africa outside of the stereotypical Western imagination. However, being set in present day Nigeria (and the spirit world), it is more fantasy than it is futuristic. While Okorafor takes umbrage at Akata Witch being branded the 'Nigerian Harry Potter', the parallels in plot and fantastical setting between the two stories are undeniable and go far deeper than is initially apparent (2020b). The level of correlation might even lead to Akata Witch being perceived as derivative of a Western literary phenomenon; nothing more than Harry Potter in an African setting. This article sets out to prove the opposite by exploring how, and more importantly, why, Okorafor made the familiar strange, and the strange familiar, by using the Harry Potter universe as starting point to tap deeply into Nigerian folklore and African indigenous knowledges. I further posit that Akata Witch can be divided into two distinct parts: the first, a mild but very effective form of decolonisation where Okorafor showcases Nigerian folklore and makes what is Western accessible to an African audience; and the other, a direct challenge in the face of the coloniser, touting not only the uniqueness, but also the superiority of Africa and African myth unchained.
Give the Black Girl the Remote: De-colonising and Depatriarchalising Knowledge and Art in Black Panther and Colour Me Melanin
Authors: Byrne Deirdre C.
Published: March 2024

This article explores two texts set in Africa to determine to what extent they exhibit decolonial and anti-patriarchal impulses. They are Ryan Coogler's 2018 film, Black Panther, and the adult colouring book, Colour Me Melanin (Kekana 2019), which features 27 portraits of African women paired with 27 poems inspiring pride in women's African heritage. Black Panther features a Black superhero: the hypermasculine T'Challa, although its technological genius is not T'Challa (the eponymous Black Panther), but his sister Shuri, disparaged by traditionalists in Wakanda as 'a child'. Despite her irreverent and iconoclastic approach to tradition, sixteen-year-old Shuri is 'the smartest person in the world, smarter than Tony Stark [Iron Man]' (Malik 2023). Despite these promising features, the film's portrayal of Shuri - a Black girl nerd who is manifestly her brother's equal in the arts of war and technology - stops short of a complete depatriarchalisation of the norm that reserves superhero status for men. Further, Black Panther contains a number of concerning representations that reinforce, rather than disrupting, the colonial view of Africa. Colour Me Melanin may be called speculative fiction in that it points to a future that is yet to come as it shifts the locus of women's beauty away from whiteness and places it firmly in the domain of Black African women's embodiment. All the same, some aspects of this multimodal text signal its affinity for colonial taxonomies and ways of thinking about ethnicity.
Being (in)formed by indigenous voices: First steps to using graphic narratives to decolonise speculative fiction
Authors: Viljoen Jeanne-Marie
Published: March 2024

The Greenlandic visual artist Nuka K. Godtfredsen and his literary and scientific collaborators have produced a series of four graphic narratives to represent distinct moments in Greenland's history, spanning the pre-colonised and colonial period. These narratives employ aspects of magic realism and adopt an approach to narrative that focuses on the supernatural and presents modes of being that contrast with their audiences' understanding of realities that are ordinarily (only) visible. I argue that these graphic narratives use strategies from speculative fiction that frame the modern European presence in Greenland and the narrative of colonialism as one of several multiple realities in the Arctic, rather than its central axis, leaving open the possibility for indigenous Greenlanders to speak on their own terms. This enables these graphic narratives to illuminate aspects of knowledge (including features of oral legend and supernatural encounters) that were previously discredited in colonial discourse. Furthermore, I show that attending to how embodied aspects of Greenlandic Inuit storytelling traditions can be captured in the graphic narrative medium may be an effective decolonial strategy, which could be employed by speculative fiction. I thus advocate methodologies for speculative fiction that strategically broaden its boundaries in order to address its intractable colonial legacy. Informed by approaches that focus attention on form - such as Marks's haptic visuality (2000) and visual theories of the power of hand-drawn comics (Groensteen 2010, Chute 2008) to engage the reader/viewer in both an embodied and reflective way - I assert that including graphic narratives which employ strategies of speculative fiction may present a unique opportunity for the genre to mount a powerful challenge to a colonial knowledge production.
La didáctica de la geografía y la formación del ciudadano en el inicio del nuevo milenio
Authors: Santiago Rivera José Armando
Published: March 2024

El presente artículo reflexiona sobre la didáctica de la geografía y la formación del ciudadano en el nuevo milenio. A lo largo del documento se propone la investigación cualitativa como una opción para enseñar geografía, especialmente por las oportunidades que brinda para activar el protagonismo de los actores involucrados en los eventos geográficos comunitarios. Así, se realiza una consulta bibliográfica para explicar el proceso de formación ciudadana, los avances científicos y tecnológicos que se vinculan con la enseñanza de la geografía, la orientación formativa de la didáctica geográfica y sus cambios paradigmáticos y epistemológicos. El análisis concluye al destacar la importancia de humanizar a los ciudadanos a partir de la indagación de su realidad geográfica comunitaria, principalmente como una opción para fortalecer la conciencia crítica derivada de la comprensión del lugar habitado.
Los problemas ambientales en la enseñanza de la geografía. Experiencias de aula en la formación docente
Authors: Castellanos Sepúlveda Luis Felipe
Published: March 2024

El artículo presenta una introducción de una propuesta pedagógica que se interesa por los problemas ambientales, no solo como fenómenos multidimensionales que pueden delimitarse espacial y temporalmente, sino como problemas de conocimiento en el contexto de la formación docente. Desde el marco de la enseñanza problémica y la investigación en el aula, se propone el enfoque ambiental como contenido y horizonte metodológico para la enseñanza de la geografía. En este sentido, el problema ambiental se define a partir de un conjunto de características: (1) es observable, se accede a él por la experiencia en el espacio; (2) es transtemporal, puede estudiarse en largas y cortas duraciones, en perspectiva o en retrospectiva; (3) es multiescalar, transita entre lo local y lo global; (4) es polisémico, en su estudio intervienen actores y discursos contrapuestos; (5) y es relacional, su naturaleza depende de la conjunción de factores físicos, biológicos y antrópicos. El texto muestra avances metodológicos en el contexto de la formación docente, resaltando la importancia del conocimiento pedagógico y de la construcción de problemas ambientales para la enseñanza y la investigación.