bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EVALUASI PENEGERIAN MADRASAH
Authors: Hanum Faridah
Published: August 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas penyelengaraan madrasah setelah dinegerikan.
Penelitian evaluasi penegerian madrasah menggunakan metode survey pada Madrasah Negeri (MI, MTs
dan MA) yang tersebar di 12 propinsi meliputi: Jabar, Jateng, DIY, Jatim, Banten, Sumsel, Riau, Babel,
Lampung, Kalsel, Sulawesi Utara dan Bali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: 1) Telah terjadi perubahan
sistem pengelolaan madrasah yang dinegerikan terkait dengan perekrutan, manajemen, pendidik
dan tenaga kependidikan, sarana prasarana, dan kesiswaan; 2) Kendala dalam pengelolaan madrasah
mencakup keterbatasan sarana prasarana, rendahnya anggaran dari pemerintah, dan rendahnya
kompetensi guru; 3) Kebijakan penegerian madrasah membawa pengaruh terhadap meningkatnya
prestasi akademik dan non akdemik siswa serta tingginya animo masyarakat; dan 4) Strategi pemerintah
meningkatkan mutu madrasah dilakukan melalui perbaikan manajemen kurikulum, kesiswaan, sarana
prasarana, pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan, keuangan dan hubungan masyarakat.
PENINGKATAN ESQ (EMOTIONAL-SPIRITUAL QUOTIENT) MELALUI TAREKAT QODIRIYAH WA NAQSABANDIYAH DI PONDOK PESANTREN MIFTAHUL HUDA MALANG
Authors: Yusuf Mohammad Yasin
Published: August 2018

Saat ini masyarakat telah berada di zaman modern. Nilai, norma dan ajaran agama dalam kehidupan
masyarakat modern semakin memudar, dan diganti oleh pola hidup materialis serta penghambaan diri
kepada kebendaan untuk mencapai kepuasan keduniaanya semata. Dari sinilah maka perlu digagas
adanya konsep untuk menyeimbangkan antara kebutuhan duniawi dan kebutuhan ukhrowi melalui
peningkatan ESQ (Emotional-Spiritual Quotient) dengan salah satu caranya melalui pengamalan
Tarekat Qadiriyah wa Naqsyabandiyah sebagaimana yang dilakukan di Pondok Pesantren Miftahul Huda
Malang. Penulisan artikel ini dilakukan melalui penelitian lapangan (field research) dengan model studi
kasus yang menggunakan metode deskriptif dan dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Dari penelitian yang
penulis lakukan diketahui bahwa dampak yang di timbulkan dari pengamalan Tarekat Qadiriyah wa
Naqsyabandiyah di Pondok Pesantren Miftahul Huda Malang ini adalah terbentuknya akhlak Takhalli
(membersihkan diri dari sifat-sifat tercela), Tahalli (menghiasi diri dari sifat-sifat yang terpuji), dan Tajalli
(mencapai insan kamil). Dengan terbentuknya akhlak tersebut, seseorang akan mempunyai kecerdasan
dalam melakukan hubungan dengan dirinya sendiri, hubungan dengan orang lain, lingkungan sosial,
lingkungan sekitarnya dan semua itu didasari atas dasar nilai Ilahiyah. Hal inilah yang sebenarnya dapat
di jadikan sebagai upaya dalam peningkatan ESQ (Emotional-Spiritual Quotient) masyarakat muslim
di era modern.
JEJAK ORANG MELAYU SEBAGAI PENYEBAR AGAMA ISLAM DI KERAJAAN GOWA-TALLO
Authors: Makmur Muhaeminah Dan
Published: August 2018

Kehadiran orang Melayu pada awal abad XVI M untuk berdagang dan menyebarkan agama Islam di
Kerajaan Gowa-Tallo pasca kejatuhan Malaka oleh bangsa Portugis terekam di dalam naskah lontara
Kerajaan Gowa dan Wajo. Rekam jejak Islamisasi Kerajaan Gowa-Tallo oleh orang Melayu menarik
untuk dikaji dalam perspektif arkeologis. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif, dengan data
bersumber dari catatan lapangan, rekaman fotografi, naskah lontara, data pustaka, dan hasil wawancara,
menggunakan strategi penelitian lapangan, yaitu survei, ekskavasi dan wawancara. Analisis data
menggunakan pendekatan induktif, deskriptif, dan tipologis. Sebaran temuan arkeologis berupa
masjid dan makam kuno telah memberikan petunjuk tentang daerah okupasi orang Melayu, fase-fase
permukiman orang Melayu, dan fase Islamisasi Kerajaan Gowa-Tallo oleh orang Melayu.
MOLAPE SARONDE DAN MOTIDI DALAM BINGKAI ADAT DAN AGAMA DI GORONTALO
Authors: Amir Syarifuddin
Published: August 2018

Sejak Sultan Amai menganut Agama Islam sekaligus menjadikannya sebagai agama resmi kerajaan di Gorontalo, terjadi proses islamisasi adat dan tradisi pada masyarakat Gorontalo. Akhirnya, nilai-nilai lokal yang berkembang di Gorontalo bermuara dari nilai-nilai Islam. Dengan falsafah “Adati Hulo-Huloqa To Saraqa, Saraqa Hulo-Huloqa To Kuruqani” (Adat Bersendi Syara’, Syara’ Bersendi Alquran), nilai Islam selalu mewarnai seluruh upacara  adat tak terkecuali upacara adat pernikahan. Molape Saronde dan Motidi sebagai bagian dari upacara adat pernikahan pada tahap Mopotilantahu (mempertunangkan), tak lepas lepas dari nilai Islam. Tari Molape Saronde (ditarikan oleh pengantin laki-laki)  dan Motidi (ditarikan oleh pengantin perempuan) diadakan pada malam hari acara pernikahan dirangkaikan dengan acara khatam Alquran bagi pengantin perempuan. Menjunjung tinggi adat serta berpegang tegang etika islami menjadi tema sentral dalam Tradisi Molape Saronde dan Motidi. Tradisi ini juga sekaligus menjadi nasihat bagi kedua calon mempelai sebagai bekal dalam menghadapi kehidupan rumah tangga yang penuh tantangan
MELACAK AKAR DEMOKRASI DALAM SISTEM KERAJAAN MUNA MASA LAMPAU; DISCOVERING THE ROOTS OF DEMOCRACY IN THE PAST OF MUNA KINGDOM
Authors: Zainal Asliah
Published: August 2018

Abstrak

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menelusuri akar-akar demokratisasi dalam kerajaam Muna di masa lampau yang dibatasi pada kurun abad ke-16 sampai dengan abad ke-20 M. Dengan perspektif antropologi-historis, studi ini memotret implikasi nilai-nilai demokratisasi di kerajaan Muna pada sistem pemerintahan dan sistem kemasyarakatan yang dipengaruhi secara signifikan oleh nilai-nilai Islam. Nilai-nilai demokratisasi dalam tata kelola pemerintahan dapat ditelusuri pada perangkat-perangkat kerajaan di Muna dibentuk sebagai alat legitimasi sekaligus kontrol bagi sistem pemerintahan, seorang raja tidak harus dari keturunan langsung raja (kaomu); c) Seorang raja bukanlah penguasa absolut, sehingga ia dapat dihukum jika melanggar sumpahnya. Sementara itu, dalam tata kelola kemasyarakatan dapat dirujuk pada sistem pembagian golongan berdasarkan pada fungsi dan tanggung jawabnya, pola hidup sang raja mencerminkan filosofi bangunan kamali (istana) yang ditempatinya, tanpa perbedaan jenis kelamin dimana setiap orang memiliki kesempatan dan hak yang sama untuk menjadi pemimpin. Dalam konteks sekarang, fakta ini bisa menjadi pelajaran dalam mengatur tata pemerintahan berdasarkan demokrasi yang menjunjung tinggi hak yang sama atas semua rakyat secara adil dan egaliter yang bersumber dari nilai-nilai kultur, sosial, religius masyarakat Indonesia.

Kata Kunci: Demokrasi, kerajaan tradisional, Islam, politik dinasti.

ABSTRACT

This paper attempted to analyzes the roots of democracy in the kingdom of Muna were limited 16th-20th century AD. By using anthropology-historical perspective, this paper will capture the implications of democracy in the kingdom of Muna significantly affected by Islamic values in governance and social system. Democratization in governance can be traced on formed Kingdom base on legitimacy as well as political control; there was not automatic king for the descendant (kaomu); none an absolute ruler. Meanwhile, in social system it can be referred to division of roles accordance with functions and responsibilities; the pattern of king’s life was reflected in palace construction (kamali); regardless of sex that possess the same rights and opportunities. In nowdays context, it could be a lesson to manage governance based on democracy that upholds the right and obligation for all people in justice and egalitarian which was in fact derived from Indonesian culture, social, and religious values.

Keynote: Democracy, traditional kingdom, Islam, political dynasty.

 

 
PELAKSANAAN EKSTRAKURIKULER KEAGAMAAN STUDI : KEGIATAN ROHIS DI SMAN KOTA CIREBON
Authors: Marpuah Marpuah
Published: August 2018

Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) sangatlah berperan penting untuk mengatasi banyaknya perilaku remaja yang menyimpang dari nilai-nilai keislaman. Fakta lapangan menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan dari pembelajaran PAI dalam kelas belum efektif, sebagian siswa hanya berfokus pada sisi kognitif dan minim pada pembentukan sikap dan kebiasaan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan berbagai kegiatan keagamaan ROHIS yang berperan dalam meningkatkan peranan PAI untuk membentuk perilaku keagamaan siswa dan menciptakan budaya Islami di sekolah, serta kaitannya dengan peningkatan hasil belajar PAI siswa. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa SMA Negeri Kota Cirebon. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik analisis deskrifitif naratif. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa : 1) Bentuk peranan ROHIS yaitu dengan membuat program-program kegiatan dan melaksanakan kegiatan keagamaan tersebut, seperti: kegiatan mentoring keagamaan dan pengajian dalam maupun antar sekolah, pengumpulan zakat, penyembelihan hewan qurban, kegiatan kesenian yang Islami (marawis, kaligrafi, nasyid, qasidah, qiro’ah dan mading yang dikelola oleh ROHIS). Pesantren kilat pada bulan ramadhan, mabid pada setiap akhir tahun, peringatan PHBI, dan 10 muharram, dan lain-lain. 2) Secara keseluruhan hasil yang dicapai adalah meningkatnya pengetahuan agama siswa, terciptanya budaya Islami di sekolah dengan kaitannya hasil belajar PAI siswa.
EKSISTENSI AMANAT KEAGUNGAN ILAHI (AKI) PERSPEKTIF FUNGSIONALISME DURKHEIM
Authors: Nugraha Firman
Published: August 2018

Tujuan penulisan artikel ini untuk mendeskripsikan fenomena kelompok Amanat Keagungan Ilahi yang menyangkut ajaran, makna dan kolektifitas sosialnya. Analisis menggunakan perspektif fungsionalisme Durkheim yang menyatakan keyakinan beragama tidak hanya berkenaan dengan dimensi sakral yang bersifat personal melainkan juga kekolektifan. Data-data diperoleh dari dokumen hasil kajian terdahulu dan data-data hasil wawancara maupun copy transkrip ajaran yang berlaku di lingkungan AKI. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa ikatan primordial yang kuat atas kelompok oleh penganutnya didorong bukan hanya karena adanya motivasi sipiritual yang ditawarkan dalam ajaran AKI, melainkan juga adanya dukungan intimasi sosial yang kuat antar anggota sehingga mereka merasakan kenyamanan dan kebermaknaan dalam AKI. Kondisi ini meneguhkan konsep Durkheim bahwa keyakinan yang fungsional cenderung bertahan dan dipertahankan pemeluknya.
JIHAD versi SISWA
Authors: Ahmad Abd Kadir
Published: August 2018

Pemahaman terhadap jihad oleh sebagian orang Islam lebih identik dengan tindak kekerasan, meskipun tidak sedikit umat Islam yang membahami jihad secara universal. kontroversi pemaknaan jihad yang diakibatkan oleh pernyataan-pernyataan dan bahkan kelakuan sebagian orang Islam telah menjadikan konsep jihad semakin membingungkan dan simpang siur, terutama pada era modern sekarang ini. Akibatnya pemahaman jihad menjadi warisan bagi generasi pelajar atau siswa di sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemaknaan yang diberikan oleh siswa mengenai jihad? Apakah pemaknaan jihad tersebut terkait dengan pemahaman tentang kekerasan atas nama agama? Dengan demikian, penelitian ini bertujuan memahami bagaimana siswa mengonstruksi pemahaman tentang jihad termasuk pandangan mereka terhadap tindak kekerasan atas nama agama. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Ternate dan Makassar. Kedua daerah ini memiliki sejarah kekerasan bernuansa agama. Makassar dengan kasus peledakan bom terhadap  sasaran yang dikaitkan dengan simbol kapitalisme global (khususnya AS) dan Ternate dengan sejarah konflik berdarah. Hasil penelitian bagian terbesar (63 persen) pemahaman siswa mengenai jihad bersifat puritanisme (fundamentalis sampai ekstrim). Sementara hanya sebagian kecil (18 persen) yang dapat dimaknai sebagai moderat (inklusif). Untuk kedua komunitas, kecenderungan puritanisme lebih kuat di kalangan siswa Ternate (70 persen) dan pandangan moderat hanya 13 persen. Sementara siswa di Makassar, meski tetap didominasi pemaknaan puritanisme (52 persen), kecenderungan pandangan moderat tidak terlalu rendah (27 persen). Pemaknaan siswa tentang jihad pada daerah kasus  didominasi oleh pandangan yang sempit dan lebih mengarah kepada pengertian qital. Hal itu dipahami dari penggunanaan term-term makna jihad sebagai perjuangan, pengorbanan, perang, mati syahid dan pembelaan agama (Islam). Hal ini berbeda dengan prinsip jihad sebagaimana dipahami dari Alquran dan tradisi Nabi. Tidak ada korelasi yang signifikan antara pemahaman jihad dengan sumber-sumber belajar siswa, termasuk sekolah. Hal ini dapat dipahami sebagai lemahnya peran sekolah dalam memberi pemahaman tentang ajaran Islam yang amat sentral tersebut. Pemahaman tentang jihad, dengan demikian, lebih ditentukan oleh konstruksi sosial.

 
PERAN PENYULUH AGAMA DALAM PENGELOLAAN KERUKUNAN UMAT BERAGAMA DI KABUPATEN MALUKU TENGAH
Authors: Nuruddin Sabara
Published: August 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mendeskripsikan peran penyuluh agama dalam pengelolaan kerukunan umat beragama di Mauku Tengah. Adapun permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana situasi hubungan umat beragama di kabupaten Maluku Tengah?, bagaimana padangan penyuluh agama tentang kerukunan di kabupaten Maluku Tengah?, dan bagaimana keterlibatan penyuluh agama di kabupaten Maluku Tengah dalam meningkatkan kerukunan umat beragama?. Wilayah Maluku Tengah merupakan wilayah yang heterogen dari segi agama dan pernah mengalami sejarah konflik keagamaan pada tahun 1999-2003. Ekses dari konflik tersebut adalah segregasi pemukiman yang didasarkan pada agama (Islam dan Kristen). Rekonsiliasi konflik yang dilakukan menggunakan beberapa modal kultural yang berbasis kearifan lokal Maluku, yaitu gandong, pela, masohi, dan lain-lain. Pandangan penyuluh agama terhadap kerukunan di Maluku Tengah adalah bahwa segregasi pemukiman berdasarkan agama merupakan solusi sementara dan masih sangat rentan akan terjadinya konflik karena adanya jarak sosial yang terbangun. Untuk itu, perlu direncanakan sebuah model pembauran pemukiman agar kerukunan umat beragama dapat tercipta dalam suasana yang lebih kultural. Peran penyuluh agama dalam pengelolaan kerukunan di Maluku Tengah melalui program Kelompok Kerja Penyuluh (Pokjaluh) integrasi di mana semua penyuluh agama PNS berhimpun dalam satu kelompok kerja yang sama untuk meudian melakukan beberapa program kerja bersama yang secara sinergis sebagai perwujudan kerukunan yang aktif antar tokoh agama.

 
PENYULUH AGAMA DAN ISU KERUKUNAN ANTAR UMAT BERAGAMA DI KOTA PALU
Authors: Pepi Saprillah
Published: August 2018

Penelitian ini dilatari dengan asumsi bahwa penyuluh agama memiliki peran strategis dalam pengelolaan isu keagamaan, termasuk kerukunan antar umat beragama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan peran penyuluh agama dalam pengelolaan isu kerukunan antar umat beragama. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara kepada para penyuluh agama dan tokoh masyarakat. Lokasi penelitian di Kota Palu. Informan penelitian adalah penyuluh agama Islam, penyuluh agama Kristen, penyuluh agama Hindu, pengurus FKUB dan tokoh masyarakat. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa penyuluh agama tidak memiliki program spesifik terkait dengan pengelolaan isu kerukunan. Isu kerukunan dikelola bersamaan dengan isu keagamaan lainnya yang bersifat normatif. Ketiadaaan spesifikasi isu kerukunan lebih karena kinerja para penyuluh diukur berbasis pada tugas pokok dan fungsi penyuluh yang memang tidak memberi spesifikasi terhadap pengelolaan kerukunan. Meskipun begitu, para penyuluh agama di Kota Palu terlibat aktif dalam pengelolaan kerukunan dengan dua cara 1) terlibat sebagai pengurus FKUB Kota Palu yang memberi ruang lebar bagi penyuluh agama untuk berperan penting dalam pengelolaan kerukunan; 2) menginisiasi secara tematik isu kerukunan dalam setiap materi penyuluhan keagamaan yang diprogramkan secara rutin. 
SINERGITAS KINERJA GURU PAI DAN PENGAWAS DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS PEMBELAJARAN DI SMP PROVINSI SULAWESI BARAT
Authors: Hamid Wardiah
Published: August 2018

This reseach aims to explore and uncover synergy with the supervisory teacher performance in relation to improving the quality of learning in Junior High School in West Sulawesi. This reseach will be approached using a quantitative method with survey approach. This reseach used a questionnaire to collect data relating to the performance of supervisors and teachers of PAI to synchronise for find synergy with the performance of both.Synergy of The data obtained will be used to describe the characteristics of the synergy between populations (Teachers of PAI and Supervisors).    The Research shows that the proportion of the balance of the teachers and superintendents in Polman and Majene uneven where supervisors amounted to only 5 people while teachers of PAI 121 people.    Synergy of PAI’s teachers performance and superintendents in Polewali Mandar and Majene on profetional aspect, pedagogic aspects, aspects of leadership suprervisi academic supervisor, supervisor evaluation aspects in general are at the level of medium quality, except for aspects of research and the level of development are very low quality.   Some supporting factors and obstacles in the implementation of the basic tasks and functions of teachers and supervisors motivating factors, among others, the school environment that supports learning of PAI implemented in containers MGM communications that facilitate synergy between teachers and supervisors. Factor inhibitors time of teaching  The Islamic studies are in the limit, vast distances and remote result watchdog could not reach the schools.
Indeks Kualitas Pelayanan Pernikahan oleh KUA di Kabupaten Kebumen Jawa Tengah
Authors: Zakiyah Zakiyah
Published: August 2018

This article concerns on the quality index of marriage service provided by office of ministry of religious affairs (KUA) in Kebumen district, Central Java province.  This is an important topic to be discussed since this is one of the public services offered by the government especially Ministry of Religious Affairs Republic Indonesia. This paper was written based on a research using a quantitative approach which is conducted at KUA Kebumen sub-district and KUA Pejagoan sub-district. Data was collected using questioners that were given to the respondents in two sub-districts. Then, data was analyzed using ServQual (Service Quality) theory. This theory looks at the gap between the expectation and the perceived services gained by the consumers. Results of this study show that generally the quality of such service is in a good and a very good category, however there is a negative gap,  so that it needs some correction to betterment.
REPRODUKSI PAHAM KEAGAMAAN DAN RESPON TERHADAP TUDUHAN RADIKALISME (Studi Kasus Pesantren Ngruki Pasca Bom Bali 2002)
Authors: Murtadlo Muhamad
Published: August 2018

Abstrak

 

Pesantren Ngruki Sukoharjo sering disebut-sebut sebagai inspirasi Islam radikal di Indonesia. Penelitian ini ingin mengkaji reproduksi paham keagamaan dan respon atas tuduhan radikalisme yang dialamatkan pada pesantren Ngruki, pasca peristiwa Bom Bali 2002. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pandangan Islam radikal tidak bisa dilepaskan dari konteks sosial dan historis dari lembaga pesantren ini. Saat ini pesantren Ngruki telah mengalami beberapa perubahan dalam orientasi pendidikan yang dihasilkan dari beberapa sebab, yang tidak disebabkan semata-mata karena dampak bom Bali.

Kata-kata Kunci: Pesantren Ngruki, Salafi, Radikalisme

 

Abstract

 

Pesantren Ngruki Sukoharjo often cited as an inspiration for radical Islam in Indonesia. This research wanted to examines the reproduction of religious understanding and the response to allegations of radicalism addressed at Pesantren Ngruki after the Bali bombings of 2002. This study includes qualitative research with case study approach. This study concludes that a radical view of Islam can not be separated from social and historical context which surrounding of this Islamic boarding institutions. Currently Pesantren Ngruki pesantren has undergone some changes in the orientation of education resulting from multiple causes, which are not limited caused by Bali bombings.

Keywords: Pesantren Ngruki, Salafi, radicalism
Kontroversi Pemahaman dan Pengamalan Syariat Majelis Zikir Ya Allahu di Kota Gorontalo
Authors: Rahman Muhammad Gazali
Published: August 2018

Perkembangan tasawuf tetap eksis di beberapa wilayah meskipun tidak disebut dengan nama-nama kelompok tarekat yang masyhur sebagaimana halnya Naqsabandi>ah, Khalwati>ah, dan sebagainya, melainkan dalam bentuk-bentuk majelis zikir yang eksklusivitasnya tidak jauh berbeda dengan kelompok tarekat yang masyhur. Gorontalo pun tidak lepas dari perkembangan jamaah atau majelis zikir yang bernuansa tasawuf, baik dari segi lafaz zikir yang khas digunakan, maupun praktik ibadah lainnya yang secara umum banyak berbeda dari fikih yang diaktualkan oleh mayoritas umat Islam di Indonesia. Salah satu dari majelis zikir tersebut adalah Majelis Zikir Ya Allahu. Beberapa perbedaan dalam praktik ibadah di temukan di majelis zikir ini mulai dari zikir setelah salat, penentuan awal puasa dan 1 Syawal, macam-macam zakat, hingga pada paham tentang haji dan kurban.
GERAKAN PETTA BARANG DI DAERAH BUGIS PADA 1906-1913
Authors: Amir Muhammad
Published: August 2018

Kajian ini bertujuan menguraikan gerakan perlawanan Petta Barang terhadap pemerintah Belanda di daerah Bugis. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode sejarah, yang menjelaskan suatu persoalan berdasakan perspektif sejarah. Prosedur kerjanya terdiri atas heuristik, kritik sumber, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pendudukan militer Belanda dan mengambilan kekuasaan pemerintahan atas Kerajaan Bone oleh pemerintah kolonial Belanda menjadi latar belakang munculnya gerakan Petta Barang. Ia memulai gerakannya sebagai seorang dukun yang sakti dan “menjual” atau membagikan jimat kepada pasien atau penduduk yang bersedia menjadi pengikutnya. Oleh karena itu, nama dan kesaktian Petta Barang semakin terkenal di masayarakat serta pengaruhnya pun semakin luas, baik di daerah  Bone pada khususnya maupun di daerah Bugis pada umumnya. Setelah kedudukannya cukup kuat, Petta Barang memerintahkan kepada para pengikutnya untuk melancarkan serangan terhadap kedudukan pasukan Belanda di Watampone, Pattiro Bulu, dan sejumlah tempat di daerah Bugis. Selain itu, juga melakukan penyerangan terhadap pasukan patroli Belanda pada setiap ada kesempatan, sehingga cukup merepotkan pasukan Belanda. Itulah sebabnya pemerintah Belanda memusatkan perhatian dan mengerahkan kekuatan militer untuk menumpas gerakan Petta Barang bersama para pengikutnya. Usaha-uasaha itu akhirnya membuahkan hasil ketika Petta Barang berhasil ditangkap di Citta, Soppeng pada 1913.
KONTRIBUSI KEBIJAKAN DESENTRALISASI PENDIDIKAN TERHADAP LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI KOTA PALOPO
Authors: Hisban Hisban
Published: August 2018

           Penelitian ini membahas tentang  pelaksanaan kebijakan desentralisasi dalam bidang pendidikan di Kota Palopo, dan mencoba untuk mengungkap bagaimana kontribusi kebijakan tersebut pada lembaga pendidikan Islam di Kota Palopo.

 Penelitian ini bersifat diskriptif kualitatif, menggunakan beberapa jenis  pendekatan, yaitu: teologis, pedagogis, historis, sosiologis.  Penelitian ini menggunakan dua jenis sumber data,  yaitu  bersifat data primer dan  sekunder, yaitu : (1) data kepustakaan  (2) data dokumentasi, (3) data lapangan.  Adapun pengumpulan data menggunakan empat macam teknik, yaitu : : (1) Observasi, (2) Wawancara, (3) Dokumentasi. (4) Triangulasi.  Adapun teknik analisis data melalui proses tahapan-tahapan sebagai berikut: (1) Pengumpulan data (data interactive), (2) Reduksi data (data reduction), (3) Penyajian data (data display), dan (4) Penarikan kesimpulan ( conclusion drawing and verification). Untuk menguji validitas data, digunakan empat tahapan kegiatan, yaitu: perpanjangan pengamatan, peningkatan ketekunan, triangulasi, analasis kasus negatif,  dan  melakukan member check.

               Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan, bahwa terlepas dari segala kelebihan dan kekurangannya, desentralisasi pendidikan di Kota Palopo telah berlangsung sesuai prosedur dan mekanisme yang ada. Kebijakan ini memberikan  pengaruh yang cukup besar bagi peningkatan layanan dan mutu pendidikan dalam berbagai aspeknya.  Desentralisasi  pendidikan memberikan kontribusi yang positif dan berarti bagi lembaga pendidikan Islam formal di Kota Palopo.  Dalam beberapa hal masih ditemukan kebijakan yang terkesan diskriminatif terhadap lembaga pendidikan Islam terutama dalam kaitannya dengan subsidi sarana-prasarana, distribusi ketenagaan dan kesejahteraan.

          Implikasi penelitian ini mengindikasikan agar supaya desentralisasi pendidikan sebagai  suatu strategi kebijakan pembangunan di bidang pendidikan di Kota Palopo tetap dipertahankan dan dilanjutkan,  sistem pengelolaan dan pelaksanaannya diharapkan lebih ditingkatkan dalam rangka akselerasi  pencapaian mutu  yang lebih maksimal.  Demikian juga, penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa untuk mendapatkan apresiasi  yang sama dengan lembaga pendidikan umum, maka dalam konteks desentralisasi pendidikan, seyogyanya lembaga pendidikan Islam formal mempertimbangkan untuk melakukan penyesuaian format dan afiliasi kelembangaan  dengan satuan pendidikan umum.
Prophylactic Use of Metronidazole during Major Gynaecological Operation to Prevent Wound Infection: A Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Khatun Mahmuda , Banu Dewan Sahida , Sultana Rifat , Millat Md Asadul , Mondal Dipika Rani , Mahmud Shahabuddin , Ahmad Ashfaq
Published: August 2018

Background: Prophylactic medication of major gynaecological operations is very important for the reduction of bad surgical outcomes. Objective: This randomized control trial was conducted to determine whether the metronidazole prophylaxis in conventional therapy was effective in controlling postoperative wound infection in major gynaecological infection. Methodology: The study was carried out at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, during .the period from August 2002 to January 2003. One hundred and fifty consecutively admitted patients for gynecological operation were randomly assigned to receive either metronidazole and ampicillin/amoxicillin (group A) or only ampicillin/amoxicillin (group B) just after operation and continued for 7 days. After operation, daily follow-up with observation of the wound was done till their discharge. All the outcome data were collected, compiled and statistically analyzed using SPSS programme with the consultation of the statistician. Result: A total number of one hundred and forty patients were referred of which 70 patients from group A and 70 from group B. Wound infection was observed in 4(5.7%) patients of group A and 6(8.6%) patients of group B. There was no significant difference (P>0.747) in only considering abdominal wound infection and also in including vaginal wound infections (P>0.747). Conclusion: The study findings show that metronidazole prophylaxis in conventional therapy is an extremely effective agent in controlling anaerobic wound infection after gynaecological surgery.Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases 2017;4(1):10-14
Comparative Study of Efficiency between Povidone Iodine and Normal Saline Lavage in the Treatment of Acute Peritonitis
Authors: Saha Haridas , Khalil Mohammad Ibrahim , Islam Aminul , Mamun Abdullah Al , Hossain Md Margub
Published: August 2018

Background: Control of the primary site of sepsis is the main determinant of good surgical outcome. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to compare the efficiency between povidone iodine and normal saline lavage in the treatment of acute peritonitis. Methodology: This was a randomized clinical trial conducted in the Department of Surgery at Dhaka Medical College & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Patients with acute peritonitis due to gastrointestinal causes who were admitted in the different units of Dhaka Medical College Hospital during the study period were selected as study population. Among them patients who were treated with povidone iodine were enrolled in the present study in group A and patients who were treated with conventional normal saline were in group B. Results: A total number of 1050 patients were recruited for this study. Among them 100 patients were enrolled in the present study of which group A (50 patients) for povidone iodine and group B (50 patients) for conventional normal saline. On 7th POD wound infection was found in Group A and Group B were 11(22.4%) and 21(44.7%) respectively. Statistically significant difference in post operative complication of wound infection was observed on 7th POD between the groups (p<0.05). Post operative hospital stay in Group A and Group B were 11.50 ± 4.48 and 13.46 ± 5.13 days respectively. There is statistically significant difference in post operative hospital stay between the groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: Statistically significant difference observed in post operative complication of wound infection and burst abdomen on 7th POD between the groups. The present study there is statistically significant difference in post operative hospital stay between the groups also observed. Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases 2017;4(1):15-20
Characteristics of Two-episode Emission Patterns in Fermi Long Gamma-Ray Bursts
Authors: Lan Lin , Lü Hou-Jun , Zhong Shu-Qing , Zhang Hai-Ming , Rice Jared , Cheng Ji-Gui , Du Shen-Shi , Li Long , Lin Jie , Lu Rui-Jing , Liang En-Wei
Published: August 2018

Two-episode emission components separated by quiescent gaps in the prompt emission of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have been observed in the Swift era, but there is a lack of spectral information due to the narrow energy band of the Swift/Burst Alert Telescope. In this paper, a systematic analysis of the spectral and temporal properties of the prompt emission of 101 Fermi/Gamma-ray Burst Monitor detected long GRBs show the existence of two-episode emission components in the light curves, with quiescent times of up to hundreds of seconds. We focus on investigating the differences of those two emission episodes. We find that the light curves of the two emission components exhibit different behavior, e.g., a soft emission component that either precedes or follows the main prompt emission or that the intensity of the two emission episodes are comparable with each other. No statistically significant correlation in the duration of the two emission episodes can be claimed. We define a new parameter ε as the ratio of the peak flux of the first and second emission episodes and find that a higher ε corresponds to a larger fluence. The preferred spectral model in our analysis is a cutoff power-law model for most GRBs. The distribution of E

p
for episodes I and II range from tens of keV to 1000 keV with a lognormal fit and there are no significant differences between them. Moreover, we do not find significant relationships between ε and E

p
for the two emission episodes. Those results suggest that these two-episode emission components likely share the same physical origin.
Energy Deposition by Energetic Electrons in a Diffusive Collisional Transport Model
Authors: Emslie A. Gordon , Bian Nicolas H. , Kontar Eduard P.
Published: August 2018

A considerable fraction of the energy in a solar flare is released as suprathermal electrons; such electrons play a major role in energy deposition in the ambient atmosphere, and hence the atmospheric response to flare heating. Historically, the transport of these particles has been approximated through a deterministic approach in which first-order secular energy loss to electrons in the ambient target is treated as the dominant effect, with second-order diffusive terms (in both energy and angle) being generally either treated as a small correction or neglected. However, it has recently been pointed out that while neglect of diffusion in energy may indeed be negligible, diffusion in angle is of the same order as deterministic scattering and hence must be included. Here we therefore investigate the effect of angular scattering on the energy deposition profile in the flaring atmosphere. A relatively simple compact expression for the spatial distribution of energy deposition into the ambient plasma is presented and compared with the corresponding deterministic result. For unidirectional injection there is a significant shift in heating from the lower corona to the upper corona; this shift is much smaller for isotropic injection. We also compare the heating profiles due to return current ohmic heating in the diffusional and deterministic models.
Phase Speed of Magnetized Rossby Waves that Cause Solar Seasons
Authors: Dikpati Mausumi , Belucz Bernadett , Gilman Peter A. , McIntosh Scott W.
Published: August 2018

Motivated by recent analysis of solar observations that show evidence of propagating Rossby waves in coronal holes and bright points, we compute the longitudinal phase velocities of unstable MHD Rossby waves found in an MHD shallow-water model of the solar tachocline (both overshoot and radiative parts). We demonstrate that phase propagation is a typical characteristic of tachocline nonlinear oscillations that are created by unstable MHD Rossby waves, responsible for producing solar seasons. For toroidal field bands placed at latitudes between 5° and 75°, we find that phase velocities occur in a range similar to the observations, with more retrograde speeds (relative to the solar core rotation rate) for bands placed at higher latitudes, just as coronal holes have at high latitudes compared to low ones. The phase speeds of these waves are relatively insensitive to the toroidal field peak amplitude. Rossby waves for single bands at 25° are slightly prograde. However, at latitudes lower than 25° they are very retrograde, but much less so if a second band is included at a much higher latitude. This double-band configuration is suggested by evidence of an extended solar cycle, containing a high-latitude band in its early stages that does not yet produce spots, while the spot-producing low-latitude band is active. Collectively, our results indicate a strong connection between longitudinally propagating MHD Rossby waves in the tachocline and surface manifestations in the form of similarly propagating coronal holes and patterns of bright points.
Dust Production Rates in the Fomalhaut Debris Disk from SOFIA/FORCAST Mid-infrared Imaging
Authors: Adams J. D. , Herter T. L. , Lau R. M. , Trinh C. , Hankins M.
Published: August 2018

We present the first spatially resolved mid-infrared (37.1 μm) image of the Fomalhaut debris disk. We use point spread function fitting and subtraction to distinctly measure the flux from the unresolved component and the debris disk. We measure an infrared excess in the point source of 0.9 ± 0.2 Jy, consistent with emission from warm dust in an inner disk structure, and inconsistent with a stellar wind origin. We cannot confirm or rule out the presence of a pileup ring near the star. In the cold region, the 37 μm imaging is sensitive to emission from small, blowout grains, which is an excellent probe of the dust production rate from planetesimal collisions. Under the assumptions that the dust grains are icy aggregates and the debris disk is in steady state, this result is consistent with the dust production rates predicted by Kenyon & Bromley from theoretical models of icy planet formation. We find a dust luminosity of (7.9 ± 0.8) × 10−4
L
⊙ and a dust mass of 8–16 lunar masses, depending on grain porosity, with ∼1 lunar mass in grains with radius 1 μm–1 mm. If the grains are icy and highly porous, meter-sized objects must be invoked to explain the far-infrared, submm, and mm emission. If the grains are composed of astronomical silicates, there is a dearth of blowout grains and the mass loss rate is well below the predicted dust production values.
Development of Quantitative Research Skills Competencies to Improve Doctor of Philosophy Nursing Student Training
Authors: Thompson Lisa M. , Zablotska Lydia B. , Chen Jyu-Lin , Jong SoSon , Alkon Abbey , Lee Soo-Jeong , Vlahov David
Published: August 2018

Background:

Competency-based education is essential to prepare future nurse scientists to compete in the world of data-driven science. Yet, few schools of nursing have developed core competencies that guide quantitative research instruction. We described development of new competency-based curriculum in quantitative research for doctor of philosophy (PhD) nursing students.

Method:

We assessed quantitative research methods curricula from among top National Institutes of Health-ranked research-intensive Schools of Nursing. At the University of California, San Francisco School of Nursing, we administered a survey to PhD students and alumni, and interviewed program faculty about current quantitative courses and perceived needs. A committee of PhD faculty framed competencies.

Results:

Core competencies for quantitative methods training were developed. Faculty modified courses to align with core competencies. This allowed an outcome-based approach to design, implement, and evaluate coursework.

Conclusion:

This effort at generating core quantitative research skills competencies could be useful for other nursing schools interested in redesigning PhD training programs. [
J Nurs Educ.
2018;57(8):483–488.]
Prioritizing the Fundamentals of Care Within the Prelicensure Nursing Curriculum
Authors: Alderman Jan , Kastelein Christopher , Feo Rebecca , Frensham Lauren , Salamon Yvette , Kitson Alison
Published: August 2018

Background:

Little empirical research exists on how best to teach fundamentals of care to prelicensure nursing students. This pilot aims to develop this evidence base.

Method:

A 6-week intervention embedded fundamentals of care explicitly, focusing on the integrated nature of such care, within a first-year prelicensure nursing curriculum at an Australian university. The intervention involved two components: (a) using the fundamentals of care framework to structure and guide teaching and shape students' conceptual understanding of the fundamentals of care, and (b) restructuring clinical skills sessions to reinforce this conceptual understanding.

Results:

Preliminary observations show that the intervention offers a practical and effective way to teach the fundamentals of care to prelicensure students, helping them to see the value of the fundamentals of care and to provide quality care for patients' fundamental needs.

Conclusion:

Explicitly embedding the fundamentals of care within accredited nursing curricula is feasible and has observable, positive effects. [
J Nurs Educ.
2018;57(8):498–501.]
Investigation on Damage and Failure of Vinyl Composite Plate under Tensile Load
Authors: Chang Zhong Liang , Li Yao Lin , Zou Guang Ping
Published: August 2018

In this paper, three kinds of different fiber reinforced vinyl composite plates are prepared by VARI technique, the mechanical parameters and failure modes of these panels under different strain rates are experimentally studied. The results show that loading velocity has a great influence on the tensile modulus of elasticity and strength as well as failure mode of the plates. At the same time, UMAT functional element program is used to write the failure criterion by ABAQUS finite element software, then the damage mode of composite fiber and matrix under tensile load are studied.
Damage in Fibreglass Composite Laminates Used for Pipes
Authors: León Juan S.B. , González-Estrada Octavio Andrés , Pertuz Alberto
Published: August 2018

In this work, we present a model for the initiation and evolution of damage for a composite fibre-reinforced pipe used in the Oil & Gas industry, based on a commercially available pipe. A continuum damage mechanics model was employed to determine the initiation and evolution of damage. This model was implemented using finite element analysis to investigate the performance of the commercial composite pipe. Initially, the material properties were obtained from experimental data and fitting with static structural simulations. Then, FE simulations with damage were performed, considering three different boundary conditions: open, closed (pressure-vessel type) and fixed ends, the load considered was internal pressure. Results showed differences not only in the stress distribution but on the damage initiation and evolution along the geometry of the pipe. These differences in the damage initiation and propagation can be explained as the result of different axial-hoop stress ratio.
Evaluation of Tensile Properties and Damage of Continuous Fibre Reinforced 3D-Printed Parts
Authors: González-Estrada Octavio Andrés , Pertuz Alberto , Quiroga Mendez Jabid E.
Published: August 2018

Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has been traditionally used for the production of prototypes. Recently, developments in 3D printing using Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) and reinforcement with continuous fibres (fiberglass and carbon fibre), have allowed the manufacture of functional prototypes, considerably improving the mechanical performance of the composite parts. In this work, we characterise the elastic tensile properties of fibre reinforced specimens, considering the variation of several parameters available during the printing process: fibre orientation, volume fraction, fill pattern, reinforcement distribution. Tensile tests were performed according to ASTM D638 to obtain Young’s modulus and ultimate strength for different material configurations available during the printing process. We also perform a fractographic analysis using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to give an insight of the failure mechanisms present in the specimens.
Theoretical Model to Adhesion Failure in Granular Materials
Authors: Buonsanti Michele , Leonardi Giovanni , Scopelliti Francesco , Suraci Federica
Published: August 2018

Two disjoint particles joined by adhesion materials are here considered when dead load operating over it. We will to perform a theoretical characterization of this micro-system through a behavior specific approach. This last is located within the hypo-elasticity framework since granular material behavior can be in according whit it. Again we expand the framework joining some further aspects which the deformation field. Over this, we focus peculiar response of the extreme elastic deformation through energetic approach. The model will be able to simulate asphalt mixture behavior in the damage evolution for bond adhesion break.
Influence of Thickness on Tensile Property of Copper Foil
Authors: Fujii Tomoyuki , Tohgo Keiichiro , Noda Yasuhiro , Yamada Tatsunori , Shimamura Yoshinobu
Published: August 2018

This study deals with the influence of thickness of copper foil on its tensile property. Tensile tests were carried out on copper foils with various thickness ranging from 5 μm to 2 mm in air. Then, the tests on copper foil with the thickness of 20 μm and copper sheet with the thickness of 2 mm were also conducted in a scanning electron microscope, and their deformation was examined during testing using an electron backscattered diffraction method. The influences of thickness of copper foil on its deformation, tensile strength, and fracture morphology were investigated. As a result, the tensile properties of copper foil depend on its thickness, and the tensile strength decreased when the foil thickness was thinner than the grain diameter.
An Influence of Tightening Torque Stored in Tightening Process on Fatigue Strength of Aluminum Bolts
Authors: Hashimura Shinji , Nutahara Tomohiro , Kamibeppu Kazuki
Published: August 2018

Fatigue strength of bolts has been generally investigated loading only axial cyclic loads on the bolts. However since the bolt is used to be tightened into a internal thread part or a nut, the bolt receives twisting torque due to friction torque between thread torque during tightening. Therefore an influence of the thread torque on the fatigue strength shoud be investigated. In this study, transverse fatigue tests have been conducted because the test can perform the fatigue tests in situations a bolt is tightened. And the transverse fatigue tests loosening the nut slightly to release the thread torque after tightening have been also conducted. Test bolts and nuts were hexagon head bolts M8 and the bolts and the nuts were made of aluminum alloy A5056. The bolt/nut assemblies were lubricated by Molybdenum disulfide grease in the transverse fatigue tests. Results showed that the transverse fatigue strength of bolt/nut assemblies for aluminum alloy bolt decreased by influence of the thread torque. Results also showd that the transverse fatigue strength of bolt/nut assemblies for aluminum alloy bolt could improve 15 % by means of releasing the thread torque.
Application of Embedded Element in the Short Fiber Reinforced Composite
Authors: Gao Jian Hong , Yang Xiao Xiang , Huang Li Hong
Published: August 2018

The finite element analysis (FEA) is a numerical method for predicting the mechanical property of short fiber reinforced composite usefully. However, as we know, there is always a “jamming” limit when generating fiber architecture expecially in the cases of high volume fraction and high aspect ratio of short fiber. Even if the volume fraction and aspect ratio in finite element model meet the practical requirements, the problem of mesh deformity will always occur which would lead to unconverge of numerical computation. In this work, embedded element technique which will help to reduce the probability of the above two problems is employed to establish the finite element model of short fiber reinforced composite. The effect of edge size, thickness and mesh density of FE models on the elastic modulus were investigated. Numerical results show that the value of elastic modulus mainly depend on the edge size and fiber amount of FE model while the effect of thickness can be neglected. The elastic modulus takes to converge for high element number. An inverse method is proposed to calculate volume fraction of short fibers, by which numerical results agree well with the calculation results of empirical formula based on Halpin-Tsai equation.
Effect of Stress Ratio on Stress Intensity Factor of Type I Crack in A7N01 Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Li You Tang , wang yadong , Yang Long
Published: August 2018

Taking the mode I crack of finite width plate as the research object, the nodal displacement extrapolation method of type I stress intensity factor is discussed, and the stress intensity factor expressed by nodal displacement is obtained. Taking A7N01 aluminum alloy as the research object, the finite element software ABAQUS was used to numerical simulation and analysis. The effect of stress ratio on stress intensity factor KI was discussed. The results showed that in the same crack size ratio a/W, the stress intensity factor increases with the increase of the stress ratio; at the same stress ratio R, the stress intensity factor increases with increasing crack size ratio. At the same time, change law of the stress intensity factor increase: under the condition of different stress ratio, when a/W≤0.6, the increase of stress intensity factor is almost consistent; when a/W>0.6, the increase of stress intensity factor will increase obviously.