bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of a HPLC-MS/MS assay for the determination of lutein concentration in human and rat plasma
Authors: Wu Feng , Zhao Xiuli , Wang Shumin , Zhou Hui , Guo Shaojie , Ni Siyang , Yang Bo , Zhang Lihua , Xu Xinde
Published: December 2017

The aim of this study was to develop and validate a HPLC-MS/MS assay to determine the lutein concentration in plasma samples of human and SD rats. Organic solvent was used for lutein extraction. The extract was injected into a HPLC-MS/MS system. Reversed phase chromatography was performed on a C18 column in gradient mode. Lutein and internal standard (phenytoin sodium) were identified in atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mode using ion transitions of m/z 567.5>549.4 and 205.2>110.8, respectively. The lutein quantification assay was linear over concentrations ranging from 4 to 500 ng/mL. The lower limit of quantification was 4 ng/mL with satisfactory precision and accuracy. The assay presented acceptable intra and inter-batch precision (RSD%) and accuracy (RE%) <8.16% in SD rat plasma and <12.80% in human plasma. The extraction recovery ranged from 50.94 to 60.90% in SD rat plasma and 68.73% in human plasma. The matrix effect for lutein was acceptable and had minimal influence on the results. The method was then applied to determine the lutein concentrations in human plasma after a single oral dose of 20mg lutein. The method described is rapid, selective, sensitive and reproducible. This method can be used for both pharmacokinetic studies and therapeutic drug monitoring purposes.
Chromatographic isolation and structural elucidation of secondary metabolites from the soil-inhabiting fungus Aspergillus fumigatus 3T-EGY
Authors: Abdel-Aziz Mohamed S. , Ghareeb Mosad A. , Saad Amal M. , Refahy Laila A. , Hamed Ahmed A.
Published: December 2017

Eight compounds were isolated and identified from the soil-inhabiting fungus Aspergillus fumigatus 3T-EGY, namely, stearic acid (1), α-linolenic acid (2), physcion (3), di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (4), 2,4,5,17-tetramethoxy pradimicin lactone (5), 3,5-dihydroxy-7-O-α-rhamnopyranoyl-2H-chromen-2-one (6), juglanthraquinone A-5-O-d-rhodosamine-(4′→1″)-2-deoxy-d-glucose (4″→1″′)-cinerulose B (7), and micropeptin (8). Their structures were determined on the basis of one-dimensional (1D-) and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (2D-NMR) [1H-, 13C-NMR, 1H-1H COSY (COrrelated SpectroscopY), and 1H-13C HMBC (Heteronuclear Multiple Bond Correlation) spectroscopy]. Compound 7 showed moderate in vitro antimicrobial activity against three pathogenic strains with inhibition zones values were ranged from 9.0 to 10.66 mm compared to neomycin as a positive control with inhibition zones values were ranged from 14.0 to 19.0 mm.
Development and validation of a rapid HPLC method for multiresidue determination of erythromycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin in aquaculture fish muscles
Authors: Habibi B. , Ghorbel-Abid I. , Lahsini R. , Ben Hassen D. Chehimi , Trabelsi-Ayadi M.
Published: December 2017

An accurate, sensitive, and reproducible high-performance liquid chromatographic method with diode array detection has been developed for simultaneous determination of erythromycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin residues in fish muscles. Analysis was carried out using a Shodex Asahipak high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) column, monitoring was at 210 nm and a mobile phase consisting of a mixture of acetonitrile and phosphate buffer (pH 11 ± 0.05) in the ratio of 60:40 (v/v). Solid-phase extraction method was used in samples extraction and purification. Recoveries were in the range 72.0–92.2% with relative standard deviation (RSD) from 2.3% to 8.3%. This method was validated for fish muscles in aquaculture following the commission decision 2002/657/EC criteria. It is demonstrated that the new method is robust for detection and quantification of the three macrolides residues. Decision limit (CCα) was from 214 to 228 μg/kg and capacity of detection (CCβ) was from 228 to 256 μg/kg.
A new solvent extraction method with gas chromatography–Mass spectrometry for bisphenol a determination in canned foods
Authors: Arar S. , Alawi M.
Published: December 2017

A new reliable simple solvent extraction method for the endocrine disruptor bisphenol A (BPA) in canned food was developed employing an aqueous basic extraction solution of 0.25 M K2CO3/0.10 M NaOH after spiking with BPA-d16 as internal standard. The BPA was next extracted into diethyl ether after solution acidification to pH = 4 and filtration. Homogenous acetylation at dry basic conditions (acetic anhydride as derivatization agent and solvent with sodium acetate as catalyst) after diethyl ether evaporation was carried out for 30 min at 110 °C. Detection of the acetylated BPA was carried out by gas chromatography–electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry (GC–EI/MS) in the selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode with pulsed split-less mode. The method was applicable in terms of eliminating the use of solvents like acetonitrile for the extraction step, where relatively long evaporation times may have been needed to evaporate acetonitrile. Also, removing lipids and precipitating most of the proteins at acidic conditions (pH = 4) prior to diethyl ether extraction can replace the often used heptane or hexane or solid sorbents. The method was tested linear with limit of linearity (LOL = 750 μg/L) and with coefficient of determination (R2= 0.998), repeatable with relative standard deviation (RSDr < 7%) with instrument detection limit (IDL) of 0.01 μg/L and limit of quantitation (LOQ) of 0.034 μg/L. The method detection limit (MDL) ranged from 0.3 μg/kg to 3.2 μg/kg based on 1 g sample (wet weight). Recovery ranged from 85% to 94% with the relative standard deviations of 2%–13%. BPA concentrations in tested canned foods from outlet stores ranged from <MDL to 57.4 ± (2.6) μg/kg which were below the specific limit for BPA migration in food proposed by the European Union (EU) and within the food safety and quality criteria. The extraction and derivatization steps for BPA were unique and have not been reported in literature.
Pharmacokinetics in rat plasma and tissue distribution in mice of galangin determined by UHPLC–MS/MS
Authors: Ye Weijian , Sun Wei , Chen Ruijie , Wang Zhe , Cui Xiao , Zhang Hui , Qian Shuyi , Zheng Qi , Zhou Yangfeng , Wan Jiafeng , Xu Jiali , Wang Xianqin , Zhou Yunfang
Published: December 2017

Galangin (GAL), the major bioactive flavonol extracted from Alpinia officinarum Hance (Zingiberaceae), has attracted much attention due to its multiple biological activities. To develop a fast, reliable, and sensitive ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS) method for the quantification of GAL in rat plasma and mouse tissues. UHPLC–MS/MS using electrospray ionization operating in negative-ion mode was used to determinate GAL in 18 rats receiving three doses of GAL (2 and 9 mg/kg by intravenous injection, 5 mg/kg by oral administration), with six rats for each dose. Blood samples were collected at 0.0333, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h. A total of 25 mice received 18 mg/kg GAL by intraperitoneal injection. Liver, heart, lung, spleen, brain, and kidney tissue samples were collected at 0.25, 0.5, 2, 4, and 6 h. The precision of the method was better than 12.1%, while the accuracy ranged from −4.8% to 8.1%. The results of pharmacokinetics demonstrated rapid GAL absorption (tmax of 0.25 h), fast elimination (t1/2 <1.1 h) after three different dosages, and an absolute bioavailability of ~7.6%. Tissue distribution analysis revealed abundant GAL in liver, kidney, spleen, and lung and smaller amounts in brain. The developed method proved fast (3 min), efficient, and reliable, with high selectivity for the quantitative analysis of GAL in biological samples. This is the first study to identify the target tissues of GAL, and the results may help to elucidate the mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects in vivo.
Heat and mass transfer coefficients and modeling of infrared drying of banana slices
Authors: Baptestini Fernanda Machado , Corrêa Paulo Cesar , Oliveira Gabriel Henrique Horta de , Botelho Fernando Mendes , Oliveira Ana Paula Lelis Rodrigues de
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT Banana is one of the most consumed fruits in the world, having a large part of its production performed in tropical countries. This product possesses a wide range of vitamins and minerals, being an important component of the alimentation worldwide. However, the shelf life of bananas is short, thus requiring procedures to prevent the quality loss and increase the shelf life. One of these procedures widely used is drying. This work aimed to study the infrared drying process of banana slices (cv. Prata) and determine the heat and mass transfer coefficients of this process. In addition, effective diffusion coefficient and relationship between ripening stages of banana and drying were obtained. Banana slices at four different ripening stages were dried using a dryer with infrared heating source with four different temperatures (65, 75, 85, and 95 ºC). Midilli model was the one that best represented infrared drying of banana slices. Heat and mass transfer coefficients varied, respectively, between 46.84 and 70.54 W m-2 K-1 and 0.040 to 0.0632 m s-1 for temperature range, at the different ripening stages. Effective diffusion coefficient ranged from 1.96 to 3.59 × 10-15 m² s-1. Activation energy encountered were 16.392, 29.531, 23.194, and 25.206 kJ mol-1 for 2nd, 3rd, 5th, and 7th ripening stages, respectively. Ripening stages did not affect the infrared drying of bananas.
Estudo de um sistema de eletrificação de gotas em pulverizador costal pneumático pelo método de gaiola de Faraday
Authors: Tavares Rafael Marcão , Cunha João Paulo Arantes Rodrigues da , Alves Thales Cassemiro , Alves Guilherme Sousa , Silva João Eduardo Ribeiro
Published: December 2017

RESUMO A aplicação inadequada de agrotóxicos pode causar sérios problemas ao ambiente e o emprego de gotas com pequeno diâmetro pode favorecer a cobertura dos alvos, porém desde que ela aconteça em condições especiais para minimizar a deriva. Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, analisar os fatores que influenciam a relação carga/massa (Q/M) gerada por um sistema de eletrificação de gotas em um pulverizador pneumático costal com kit eletrostático por meio de uma gaiola de Faraday. Montaram-se dois experimentos, o primeiro em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, a fim de verificar a influência da distância entre o pulverizador e o alvo, a vazão de aplicação e a calda de pulverização, no funcionamento do sistema de eletrificação de gotas. Neste experimento, avaliaram-se quatro distâncias (0; 0,5; 1,0 e 2,0 m) entre o pulverizador e a gaiola. No segundo experimento, em esquema fatorial, analisaram-se cinco composições de caldas e cinco vazões (0,25; 0,76; 1,00; 1,45; e 1,58 L min-1). A relação Q/M foi determinada por meio da medição da corrente elétrica a partir do volume de calda pulverizado em gaiola de Faraday com um multímetro, dividida pela respectiva massa de líquido. Analisou-se, também, o espectro de gotas produzidas pelo pulverizador, em analisador de partículas por difração de raio laser. Verificou-se que, com o aumento da vazão de pulverização na gaiola de Faraday, menor foi a relação Q/M, o que também ocorreu com a distância do bocal do pulverizador eletrostático da entrada da gaiola. Em relação à calda de pulverização, a relação Q/M aumentou com a adição do óleo mineral, do óleo vegetal e do inseticida. Concluiu-se que a distância entre o bocal do pulverizador e o alvo, a vazão e a calda de aplicação influenciam na eficiência da pulverização eletrostática.
Adaptability and stability of peach and nectarine cultivars in subtropical climate
Authors: Matias Rosana Gonçalves Pires , Bruckner Claudio Horst , Silva Danielle Fabíola Pereira da , Carneiro Pedro Crescêncio Souza , Oliveira João Alison Alves de
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT Information on adaptability and stability of fruit production in different environments or years is crucial to increasing agricultural production potential. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate whether there is interaction between cultivars and years, as well as to assess the stability of peach and nectarine cultivars regarding fruit fresh mass, SS/TA ratio, and cycle length in Viçosa -MG, Brazil. The characteristics fruit fresh mass (FM), soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio (SS/TA), and cycle length (CL) were evaluated in 28 cultivars of peach and two cultivars of nectarine from the orchard of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa, in 2011, 2012, and 2013. The methods used to determine the phenotypic stability across time were Eberhart & Russell (1966) and the Traditional. The interaction cultivars x years was significant for all traits. Cultivar ‘Josefina’ showed broad adaptability for SS/TA ratio, and cultivars ‘Flordaprince’ and ‘Tropical’ for cycle length. For favorable environments, the cultivars ‘Capdebosq’ and ‘Maciel’ are indicated regarding the characteristic fruit mass, and ‘Coral’ and ‘Talismã’ for SS/TA ratio. ‘Rubimel’ was adaptable to unfavorable environments regarding fruit mass.
Produtividade da alface (Lactuca sativa L.) em resposta à aplicação de ácidos húmicos e bactérias diazotróficas, em condições de campo
Authors: Meirelles Ana Flávia Mairinck , Baldotto Marihus Altoé , Baldotto Lílian Estrela Borges
Published: December 2017

RESUMO A alface é uma das hortaliças folhosas mais consumidas no Brasil, gerando grande demanda por seu cultivo. É cultura exigente em nutrientes e requer solo rico em matéria orgânica para obtenção de produtividade elevada, com necessidade de aplicação de grandes doses de compostos orgânicos, onerando os custos da produção. Ácidos húmicos (AH) e bactérias diazotróficas (B) apresentam hormônios vegetais, como auxinas, que promovem alongamento celular, aumento das raízes e da absorção de nutrientes, levando ao crescimento e desenvolvimento das plantas. Por essas características, podem ser utilizados como bioestimulantes na promoção da produtividade da alface. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produtividade da alface em resposta à aplicação de ácidos húmicos e bactérias diazotróficas, em condições de campo. Os ácidos húmicos foram isolados de esterco bovino e as bactérias usadas foram provenientes da coleção de bactérias do Setor de Floricultura da Universidade Federal de Viçosa - Campus Florestal, extraídas de orquídeas Cymbidium sp.. O experimento foi realizado em condições de campo, com o cv. Vanda e os tratamentos usados foram controle (cultivo convencional do produtor), aplicação isolada de ácido húmico e bactéria e aplicação combinada de ácido húmico+bactéria. O delineamento adotado foi em blocos casualizados, com cinco repetições. A aplicação dos bioestimulantes foi realizada logo após o transplantio. Foram avaliados atributos fitotécnicos da parte aérea das plantas. Concluiu-se que os tratamentos utilizados, principalmente a combinação AH+B, aumentaram a produtividade da alface.
ADVANCES IN PROPAGATION OF GRAPEVINE IN THE WORLD
Authors: GROHS DANIEL SANTOS , ALMANÇA MARCUS ANDRÉ KURTZ , FAJARDO THOR VINICIUS MARTINS , HALLEEN FRANCOIS , MIELE ALBERTO
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT Grapevine production by classical grafting methods and in commercial scale emerged over 130 years. This system remained handmade until the mid-1950s, when the first international certification programs aimed at obtaining mother plants with high viral sanity emerged. The necessity to increase the scale of production on industrial model and plant material production based on minimum morphological standards appeared at the end of the 1960s. Along the 1970s, research unlocked knowledge on semi-automated grafting, process hygiene, use of plant growth regulators and understanding of physiological events of rootstock-scion compatibility, callus formation and rooting. So, until the mid-2000s, certification schemes and propagation processes advanced little in technical standard. However, grapevine growing areas were expanded and demands for plant material increased, and new diseases emerged from contaminated nurseries. These new diseases (new viral complexes, phytoplasmas, bacteria and grapevine trunk diseases) were discovered by high-sensitivity diagnostic methods. Today, there is a new discussion on the nursery segment worldwide. The propagation techniques have been reviewed from the perspective of reducing the incidence of new diseases and minimum physiological damage of nursery plants during the production stages. Therefore, technological innovations regarding equipment, practices and production inputs have been incorporated in new certification schemes. However, despite these advantages, these schemes have become more complex and multidisciplinary than previous ones, bringing difficulties in adaptation of nurserymen.
Sistema de resolução de conflitos e o papel do Senado como Câmara revisora no bicameralismo brasileiro
Authors: Rubiatti Bruno de Castro
Published: December 2017

Resumo O Brasil adota um sistema bicameral simétrico e incongruente, isto é, ambas as Câmaras possuem semelhante capacidade legislativa e formas diferentes de seleção de seus membros. Em bicameralismos desse tipo, o sistema de resolução de conflitos entre as Câmaras ganha relevo. No caso brasileiro, é utilizado o sistema de navette, em que os projetos de lei passam por leituras sequenciais nas duas Câmaras. Este trabalho busca analisar este sistema, focando a capacidade revisora da Câmara Alta. Para tanto, duas etapas devem ser realizadas. Primeiro, será feita uma análise do sistema de navette no Brasil, destacando o caráter privilegiado da Câmara de origem. Na sequência, serão analisados os projetos originados da Câmara dos Deputados, que passam por revisão no Senado, destacando seu resultado. A partir dessas análises, será possível apontar o papel revisor desempenhado pelo Senado no processo legislativo bicameral brasileiro.
Padrões de financiamento eleitoral no Brasil: as receitas de postulantes à Câmara dos Deputados em 2010 e 2014
Authors: Silva Bruno Fernando da , Cervi Emerson Urizzi
Published: December 2017

Resumo A partir de 2006, quando o Tribunal Superior Eleitoral (TSE) tornou públicas, por meio digital, as prestações de contas de candidatos, partidos e comitês, houve um crescimento significativo no volume de trabalhos que analisam o financiamento de campanhas no Brasil. Todavia, com o protagonismo assumido pelas empresas, a importância e o impacto das demais receitas têm sido pouco abordados. O objetivo aqui é preencher parte dessa lacuna, detalhando o quanto cada uma das fontes de recurso contribui para o total arrecadado e quanto os competidores diferem-se em volume de financiamento. Para isto, foram analisadas as contas eleitorais de candidatos à Câmara dos Deputados nas eleições gerais de 2010 e 2014. Metodologicamente, conjugou-se estatística descritiva e testes de diferenças de médias. Os resultados indicam que o desempenho eleitoral está associado não somente ao volume de receitas, mas também à elevada presença de alguns tipos de doadores, como pessoas jurídicas e partidos. O posicionamento em relação ao governo federal, entretanto, afeta o montante arrecadado, mas não é um bom critério para avaliar a forma com que os candidatos são financiados.
Evolution of Periodontal Disease: Immune Response and RANK/RANKL/OPG System
Authors: Gibertoni Fabrício , Sommer Meire Ellen Ligia , Esquisatto Marcelo Augusto Marretto , Amaral Maria Esméria Corezola do , Oliveira Camila Andrea de , Andrade Thiago Antônio Moretti de , Mendonça Fernanda Aparecida Sampaio , Santamaria-Jr Milton , Felonato Maíra
Published: December 2017

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate markers of bone loss and immune response present in evolution of periodontal disease. One hundred and two Wistar rats were divided into three animals groups: PD0, without ligation and PD15 days and PD60 days, submitted to ligation placement with a sterile 3-0 silk cord in the cervical region of the upper first molar on both sides. Samples were obtained from the gingival tissue for histomorphometric analysis, immunohistochemical analysis of RANK, RANKL, OPG, characterization of the inflammatory infiltrate, quantification of nitric oxide, MCP-1, RANTES, IP10 chemokines, and expression of the TGF-b1, VEG, and bFGF. The number of inflammatory cells in gingival tissue was higher in PD60 samples. The collagen content and the area occupied by birefringent collagen fibers were lower for PD60. Differential leukocyte counting showed that there was a significantly higher polymorphonuclear influx in group PD15, while PD60 showed a greater number of lymphocytes. PD60 showed higher RANTES, IP-10, MCP-1 gene transcripts, as well as a higher nitric oxide concentration. Clinical evaluation revealed that the PD60 group presented an increase in furcal area. In conclusion, in this animal model the increase of RANK/RANKL and HGF markers is related to a specific immune response, and probably contributed to the evolution of periodontal disease. Investigating the effect of these biomarkers can help in targeted therapy for bone resorption, since blocking these can inhibit bone loss.
Oxygen Saturation in the Dental Pulp of Maxillary and Mandibular Molars - Part 2
Authors: Estrela Carlos , Oliveira Keila SA , Alencar Ana Helena G , Barletta Fernando B , Estrela Cyntia RA , Felippe Wilson T
Published: December 2017

Abstract This study determined the oxygen saturation (SaO2) in dental pulp of healthy maxillary and mandibular molars. Mean of SaO2 was evaluated in 112 maxillary and mandibular molars using pulse oximetry. Quantitative variables were described by mean and standard deviation. Variables with symmetric distribution were compared by Student t test and Mann-Whitney test. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to correlate quantitative variables. Analysis of variance was used to assess differences in SaO2 levels between the molar groups, followed by post-hoc Tukey. The significance level established at p<0.05. Mean of oxygen saturation for the 112 molar dental pulps was 85.09%. There was no significant correlation (r=-0.007; p=0.977) between the mean of SaO2 of molar pulps with patient´s indicator finger (92.89%). There was a significant difference (p=0.037) between the mean of SaO2 of the first (85.76%) and second maxillary molars (81.87%), and it was not significant (p=0.1775) between the first and second mandibular molars. Maxillary molars had lower pulpal SaO2 (83.59%) than mandibular molars (86.89%) (p=0.018). The mean of the patient’s response time to the cold stimulus was 1.12 s (maxillary molars 1.25 s and mandibular molars 0.99 s)(p=0.052). There was no significant correlation between the time response of the patient to the cold stimulus and the SaO2 for molars. The mean oxygen saturation level was 85.09%. The mandibular molars presented higher SaO2 level than maxillary molars.
In-Office Tooth Bleaching for Adolescents Using Hydrogen Peroxide-Based Gels: Clinical Trial
Authors: Gonçalves Marcela Leticia Leal , Tavares Antonio Carlos da Silva , Mota Ana Carolina Costa da , Penna Luiz Alberto Plácido , Deana Alessandro Melo , Bussadori Sandra Kalil
Published: December 2017

Abstract The aim of the present study was to evaluate colorimetric changes and tooth sensitivity in adolescents and young patients submitted to tooth bleaching with 20% and 35% hydrogen peroxide. A randomized, controlled, clinical trial was conducted with 53 patients aged 11 to 24 years who were allocated to groups based on the use of the following commercial products: Whiteness HP - FGM® (35% hydrogen peroxide); Whiteness HP Blue Calcium - FGM® (35% hydrogen peroxide); and Whiteness HP Blue Calcium - FGM® (20% hydrogen peroxide). After the bleaching procedure, the visual analog scale was used to measure tooth sensitivity and the Vita Classical Shade guide was used to determine changes in tooth color. Statistical analysis involved the Friedman, Kruskal-Wallis and Student-Newman-Keuls tests, with p≤0.05 considered indicative of statistical significance. The addition of calcium contributed to a reduction in tooth sensitivity, especially when the lower concentration of hydrogen peroxide (20%) was used. Tooth sensitivity occurred in a transitory way and did not influence the tooth bleaching process. Significant differences in color were found after each of the two bleaching sessions. In-office tooth bleaching was considered an effective method for adolescents and young adults. Further studies in this population are necessary in order to fully evaluate the effects of bleaching in young teeth.
Effect of Reciprocating Systems and Working Lengths on Apical Microcrack Development: a micro-CT Study
Authors: Oliveira Bruna Paloma de , Câmara Andréa Cruz , Duarte Daniel Amancio , Heck Richard John , Antonino Antonio Celso Dantas , Aguiar Carlos Menezes
Published: December 2017

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of root canal preparation with single-file reciprocating systems at different working lengths on the development of apical microcracks using micro-computed tomographic (micro-CT) imaging. Forty extracted human mandibular incisors were randomly assigned to 4 groups (n=10) according to the systems and working length used to prepare the root canals: Group A - WaveOne Gold at apical foramen (AF), Group B - WaveOne Gold 1 mm short of the AF (AF-1 mm), Group C - Unicone (AF) and Group D - Unicone (AF-1 mm). Micro-CT scanning was performed before and after root canal preparation at an isotropic resolution of 14 µm. Then, three examiners assessed the cross-sectional images generated to detect microcracks in the apical portion of the roots. Apical microcracks were visualized in 3, 1, 1, and 3 specimens in groups A, B, C, and D, respectively. All these microcracks observed after root canal preparation already existed prior to instrumentation, and no new apical microcrack was detected. For all groups, the number of slices presenting microcracks after root canal preparation was the same as before canal preparation. Root canal preparation with WaveOne Gold and Unicone, regardless of the working length, was not associated with apical microcrack formation.
Cell Derived Microparticles in Gingival Crevicular Fluid from Periodontitis Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Figueredo Carlos Marcelo , Lira Junior Ronaldo , Sete Manuela Rubim , Fischer Ricardo Guimarães
Published: December 2017

Abstract Cell-derived microparticles (MPs) have been described as vital contributors to the inflammatory process. However, its role in the periodontal disease pathogenesis remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to detect the presence neutrophil (CD66b+) and platelet (CD41b+) derived microparticles in gingival crevicular fluid from individuals having periodontitis aggravated by type 2 diabetes. Twelve patients (56.2 ±7.2 yrs) with severe form of chronic periodontitis aggravated by type 2 diabetes were included. Clinical and metabolic data were gathered. Gingival crevicular fluid was collected using filter strips from deep and shallow sites. MPs were detected by flow cytometry according to their size (< 1 µm) and the expression of surface markers (CD66b for neutrophil-derived MPs and CD41b for platelet-derived MPs). All samples were positive for the antibodies. Median levels of CD66b+ MPs and CD41b+ MPs were, respectively, 3,677.0 (2,553.2 - 9,059.8) MP/µL and 520.7 (432.9 - 766.1) MP/µL in deep sites. In shallow sites, the corresponding values were 2,644.9 (1,451.5 - 3,858.9) MP/µL and 371.2 (287.2 - 692.7) MP/µL. There was no significant difference between deep and shallow sites (p>0.05). In conclusion, this study reported the presence of neutrophil and platelet derived microparticles in gingival crevicular fluid from individuals having severe periodontitis and type 2 diabetes.
Effect of the Bis-Dimethylamino Benzydrol Coinitiator on the Mechanical and Biological Properties of a Composite
Authors: Bittencourt Bruna Fortes , Dominguez John Alexis , Pinheiro Luís Antonio , Farago Paulo Vitor , Santos Elizabete Brasil dos , Campos Leticia Antonelo , Gomes João Carlos , Gomes Osnara Maria Mongruel
Published: December 2017

Abstract To examine the effect of the alternative coinitiator 4,4’bis dimethylamino benzydrol (BZN) in degree of conversion (DC), mechanical and biological properties of experimental composites. The coinitiator BZN was used in three concentrations (0.2, 0.5 and 1.2%), and the coinitiator DMAEMA was used as control at the same concentrations as above. The molar concentration of camphorquinone (CQ) and coinitiators was kept constant (1:1). The composites were manipulated and submitted to microhardness test (VHN), flexural and compressive strength (in MPa), elastic modulus (GPa), DC (FT-IR) and in vitro cytotoxicity (against 3T3 fibroblastic cells) of the experimental resins. Data were subjected to two-way ANOVA and Tukey post-test (α=0.05). The experimental composite resin with BZN showed higher DC values compared to control DMAEMA groups. For the mechanical properties, microhardness values were higher in BZN groups; flexural strength and elastic modulus were similar between all the groups. Compressive strength for groups BZN0.5 and DMAEMA0.5 were not statistically different, being the lowest values attributed to group BZN0.2. The experimental resins with BZN and DMAEMA were considered nontoxic against 3T3 fibroblasts. The inclusion of the coinitiator BZN in experimental composites was considered nontoxic against 3T3 fibroblast cells, without compromising DC and mechanical properties.
Evaluation of Stress Distribution in Endodontically Weakened Teeth Restored with Different Crown Materials: 3D-FEA Analysis
Authors: Moris Izabela C. M. , Moscardini Carolina Alves , Moura Luana Kelle Batista , Silva-Sousa Yara Teresinha Corrêa , Gomes Erica Alves
Published: December 2017

Abstract This study evaluated the stress distribution in endodontically treated teeth, weakened (W) or not weakened (NW), restored with different materials of prosthetic crown using 3D-FEA. Models of a maxillary canine were constructed based on micro-CT images and divided into the groups: G1 (control) - sound tooth; G2 to G7 - endodontically treated teeth restored with glass fiber post (GFP); which G2 to G4 simulated NW root and G5 to G7 simulated W root. For crown material the teeth were restored with: G2 and G5: metallic coping and ceramic veneering, G3 and G6: zirconia coping and ceramic veneering, G4 and G7: alumina coping and ceramic veneering. Load of 180 N was applied at the incisal third of lingual surface at 45º. Models were supported by the periodontal ligament (x=y=z=0). The von Mises stress (VMS) values were calculated. The W teeth presented higher VMS at coping when compared to NW teeth and group G1 showed lower VMS value. For crown material, for both W or NW teeth, increasing VMS was found at metallic, zirconia and alumina coping, respectively. Metallic coping showed a better performance despite its unfavorable esthetics, suggesting as an appropriate material for prosthetic restoration of endodontically treated teeth.
Efeito da Adição de H2 aos Gases de Proteção Convencionais na Soldagem GMAW do Aço C e Transferência por Curto-Circuito. Parte 1: Qualidade do Cordão e Estabilidade da Transferência
Authors: Tatagiba Luiz Claudio Soares , Gonçalves Renata Barbosa , Paranhos Ronaldo Pinheiro da Rocha
Published: December 2017

Resumo Este trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar o efeito da adição de um gás redutor, no caso o H2, nas misturas convencionais Ar, Ar+10%CO2, Ar+25%CO2 e CO2 na soldagem do aço carbono pelo processo Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) com transferência por curto-circuito. Foram avaliados o aspecto do cordão e a estabilidade da transferência. Cordões de solda foram produzidos com os gases convencionais e com a adição de 2%, 4% e 6% de H2. As soldas foram do tipo cordão sobre a chapa, na posição plana e processo mecanizado, arame ER 70S-6 de 1,2 mm, Distância do Bico de Contato a Peça (DBCP) de 12 mm, ângulo da tocha de 90° em relação à face da solda, velocidade de soldagem de 300 mm/min e vazão do gás de proteção de 15 l/min. A velocidade de alimentação do arame foi regulada para as tensões dentro da faixa de 20 V a 23 V. As soldas foram avaliadas por inspeção visual, por líquido penetrante e por macrografias. Os sinais elétricos foram captados durante a soldagem e analisados por meio dos índices: Desvio padrão de picos de corrente (DPPC), desvio padrão do período de arco aberto (DPAA), desvio padrão do período de curto-circuito (DPCC) e índice Vilarinho de regularidade da transferência em curto-circuito (IVcc). Os resultados dos ensaios visual, líquido penetrante e macrografias indicaram a possibilidade de soldagem do aço carbono com Ar com até 4% H2, Ar+10%CO2 com até 4% H2, Ar+25%CO2 com até 2% H2 e CO2 puro com até 6% de H2. Pelos índices de estabilidade da transferência DPPC, DPAA, DPCC e IVcc, a adição de H2 nas misturas com maior potencial de oxidação produziram soldas com estabilidade igual ou melhor que para estes gases comerciais sem adição de H2. Já para os gases com baixo potencial de oxidação, a adição de H2 provocou instabilidade da transferência. As misturas Ar+25%CO2, Ar+25%CO2+2%H2, CO2 e CO2+4%H2 foram as que apresentaram melhor estabilidade da transferência.
Efeitos da dopagem com gadolínia na densificação e nas propriedades elétricas de soluções sólidas Ce0,99-xGdxCu0,01O2-δ
Authors: Silva T. H. S. , Lima C. G. M. , Dutra R. P. S. , Aquino F. de M. , Grilo J. P. F. , Rajesh S. , Macedo D. A.
Published: December 2017

Resumo Soluções sólidas à base de céria (CeO2) são materiais promissores para aplicação como eletrólitos de células a combustível de óxido sólido. Apesar das boas propriedades elétricas, um dos principais inconvenientes destes materiais são as altas temperaturas de sinterização (normalmente acima de 1400 °C) necessárias para completa densificação. Com o intuito de melhorar a sinterabilidade da céria, óxidos de metais de transição com baixo ponto de fusão têm sido usados como aditivos de sinterização. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do teor de gadolínia (Gd2O3) na densificação e propriedades elétricas de soluções sólidas de céria com CuO como aditivo de sinterização. Pós com composições nominais Ce0,99-xGdxCu0,01O2-δ (x= 0, 0,2 e 0,3) foram sintetizados pelo método dos precursores poliméricos, calcinados a 500 °C e caracterizados por difratometria de raios X (DRX). A densidade relativa foi avaliada em amostras sinterizadas entre 950 e 1050 °C. As propriedades elétricas foram estudadas por espectroscopia de impedância. Os resultados de DRX indicaram a obtenção de soluções sólidas com estrutura cúbica do tipo fluorita. O uso de materiais nanoparticulados associado a um aditivo de sinterização permitiu a obtenção de cerâmicas com densidades relativas superiores a 92% após sinterização em temperaturas tão baixas quanto 1000 °C. A condutividade elétrica total foi otimizada em amostras com 20% em mol de Gd2O3.
Thermodynamics of CO2 adsorption on mesoporous materials impregnated with nickel
Authors: Nascimento A. R. do , Figueredo G. P. de , Costa T. R. da , Melo M. A. de F. , Melo D. M. de A. , Souza M. J. B. de
Published: December 2017

Abstract The adsorption capacity of CO2 in mesoporous materials with different structures was evaluated. For this purpose, MCM-48 and SBA-15 impregnated with nickel in proportions of 5, 10 and 20 wt% were used. The results showed that impregnation of nickel promoted an increased interaction between CO2 and the surface of the material. Data were fitted using the Freundlich model. Gibbs free energy and entropy changes of the adsorption system were evaluated. Thermodynamics of adsorption showed that the process is spontaneous. From the Freundlich model, it was concluded that there is a strong interaction of CO2 with sites of the impregnated materials.
Processamento, propriedades e aplicações das cerâmicas de nitreto de alumínio
Authors: Molisani A. L.
Published: December 2017

Resumo O nitreto de alumínio (AlN) é considerado um adequado material para substratos e materiais de encapsulamento de dispositivos microeletrônicos devido à elevada condutividade térmica, às excelentes propriedades elétricas e ao coeficiente de expansão térmica próximo daquele observado para o silício. Estas propriedades tornam o AlN um excelente candidato para substituir a alumina (Al2O3) e berília (BeO) usadas na fabricação de dispositivos semicondutores. O presente artigo apresenta o estado da arte da cerâmica de AlN, com objetivo de mostrar os avanços em processamento desenvolvidos nas últimas décadas, visando a aplicação em dispositivos eletrônicos. Outro objetivo foi verificar a possibilidade de uso do AlN em aplicações estruturais. A cerâmica de AlN apresentou significativos avanços tecnológicos ao longo das últimas décadas, como diminuição da temperatura de síntese e de sinterização, produção de pó resistente à água e produção de substrato cerâmico pela tecnologia DBC (direct bonding copper). Porém, a maioria dos referidos avanços tecnológicos não foi introduzida nas rotas industriais de produção em larga escala. Deste modo, os custos de produção não foram reduzidos suficientemente para tornar o AlN atrativo às indústrias de microeletrônica. Embora o AlN e Al2O3 tenham propriedades mecânicas relativamente próximas, o AlN é pouco atrativo como material estrutural devido ao seu elevado custo de produção em comparação com o Al2O3. Portanto, desenvolvimentos prévios e atuais em processamento devem ser implantados industrialmente para promover a redução de custos, aumentando a competitividade do AlN nos mercados de cerâmicas eletrônicas e estruturais. Estes mercados também podem ser expandidos usando o AlN em novas aplicações, como proteção balística e dispositivos nanoestruturados (componentes optoeletrônicos, lasers de alta energia, sensores de onda pulsante, ressonadores mecânicos, diodos emissores de luz e emissores de elétrons por campo).
Análise quantitativa e qualitativa da degradação das fachadas com revestimento cerâmico
Authors: Pacheco C. P. , Vieira G. L.
Published: December 2017

Resumo Este artigo teve por objetivo mostrar a aplicação de uma metodologia para inspeção de fachadas em edifícios, baseada em modelos pré-estruturados. Foram vistoriados três prédios com revestimento externo em cerâmica, totalizando 4958 m2 de área de fachada inspecionada. Mediante a inspeção visual, realizou-se o levantamento das áreas das manifestações patológicas por região e orientação cardeal da fachada e definiram-se os níveis de degradação. Foram realizados testes de percussão nas fachadas e ensaios de absorção de água e expansão por umidade nas placas cerâmicas. Como complemento, levantaram-se as informações referentes aos edifícios por meio de entrevistas e análises de projetos. Foi elaborada a matriz de correlação anomalias versus causas, que permitiu avaliar a origem dos danos. As anomalias com maior ocorrência nos edifícios foram as manchas e sujeiras e a deterioração nos rejuntes. Constatou-se a influência da cor das cerâmicas e da posição das fachadas no desplacamento. Com base nos ensaios de absorção de água, verificou-se que dois edifícios apresentaram cerâmicas com alto índice de absorção e a análise das regiões de fachadas mostrou que a ausência de juntas foi uma das causas do desplacamento em paredes contínuas e na transição entre pavimentos.
Halloysite nanotubes-polymeric nanocomposites: characteristics, modifications and controlled drug delivery approaches
Authors: Ferrari P. C. , Araujo F. F. , Pianaro S. A.
Published: December 2017

Abstract Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) are aluminosilicate nanoclay mineral which have a hollow tubular structure and occurs naturally. They are biocompatible and viable carrier for inclusion of biologically active molecules due to the empty space inside the tubular structure. In this article, the HNTs main characteristics, and the HNTs-polymeric nanocomposite formation and their potential application as improvement of the mechanical performance of polymers and entrapment of hydrophilic and lipophilic substances are summarized. Recent works covering the increment of HNTs-polymeric nanocomposites and presenting promising employment of these systems as nanosized carrier, being suitable for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications, based on earlier evidence in literature of its nature to sustain the release of loaded drugs, presenting low cytotoxicity, and providing evidence for controlled drug delivery are reviewed.
Influência da variação da velocidade de rotação e do tipo de cimento nas propriedades de argamassas de revestimento nos estados fresco e endurecido
Authors: Torres D. R. , Romano R. C. O. , Pileggi R. G.
Published: December 2017

Resumo A etapa de mistura influencia as condições de execução do revestimento de argamassa, visto que desde o primeiro contato dos materiais sólidos com água uma série de eventos de aglomeração e desaglomeração no sistema é verificada. Acontece que durante o processamento das argamassas em obra a utilização de equipamentos com distintos mecanismos de mistura pode modificar o desempenho do sistema de revestimento. Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar a influência da condição de mistura durante o processamento de argamassas aditivadas com incorporador de ar e formuladas com diferentes tipos de cimento. As misturas foram realizadas em um reômetro rotacional variando-se a velocidade de rotação, porém mantendo-se o tempo total de batimento. Reometria de mistura, ciclo de cisalhamento e teor de ar incorporado foram as propriedades avaliadas no estado fresco, enquanto porosidade, resistência mecânica, módulo de elasticidade e permeabilidade ao ar foram utilizados para avaliação do estado endurecido. Com base nos resultados obtidos pôde-se afirmar que a variação da velocidade de rotação e o tipo de cimento utilizado impactaram as propriedades das composições nos estados fresco e endurecido.
Sanitser, an innovative sanitary ware body, formulated with waste glass and recycled materials
Authors: Martini E. , Fortuna D. , Fortuna A. , Rubino G. , Tagliaferri V.
Published: December 2017

Abstract In the present paper, the results of “Sanitser” Life European project are presented. The aim of this study was to reduce the firing temperature for ceramic body (from 1250 to 1170 °C). This was achieved substituting feldspar and quartz with recycled blend materials and a little percentage of flux (less than 3%); in a sanitary ware vitreous china formulation a waste glass, granitic materials and fired broken ceramic pieces were introduced. Tests performed on the Sanitser formulation showed that it has the same final physical-chemical characteristics of the industrial vitreous china (VC) body. Besides, different ceramic pieces (wash basin, bidet and WC pan) were compared with VC production. The results showed that Sanitser body can replace vitreous china in the sanitary ware production. In this project, the firing temperature of the ceramic body is reduced significantly with a supposed decrease of the CO2 emissions. In Sanitser formulation, about 43.6% of recycled materials that would end in dumps were utilized.
CAPIVARAS (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) E A PRESENÇA DO CARRAPATO (Amblyomma sculptum) NO CAMPUS DA UFSCAR-ARARAS, SÃO PAULO
Authors: Rocha Vlamir José , Sekiama Margareth Lumy , Gonçalves Daniela Dib , Sampieri Bruno Rodrigues , Barbosa Gedimar Pereira , Dias Thiago da Costa , Rossi Helen Regina , Souza Piquerobi Freitas Pereira de
Published: December 2017

Resumo Capivaras são territoriais e vivem em grupos sociais, ocorrendo comumente em áreas antropizadas. Em algumas regiões do Brasil, estes animais apresentam infestação por carrapatos do gênero Amblyomma, que por sua vez são considerados como principal vetor biológico e reservatório natural da bactéria Rickettsia rickettsii, agente causador da Febre Maculosa Brasileira. Na UFSCar campus Araras, a interação entre capivaras, carrapatos e comunidade acadêmica é frequente, ocorrendo principalmente durante a estação seca. Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar um censo populacional das capivaras que ocupam o campus, identificando sua área de uso e se estes roedores se encontravam infestados por carrapatos. Realizou-se observação direta das capivaras, captura-marcação e recaptura com uso de um brete, e também coleta dos carrapatos nas capivaras e no ambiente. Registrou-se um total de 56 capivaras, com densidade de 1,50 ind./ha. Foram capturados 24 animais, sendo 25% machos e 75% fêmeas, dos quais 25% eram adultos, 45,8% jovens e 29,2% filhotes. A espécie de carrapato amplamente encontrada infestando tanto os animais como o ambiente foi A. sculptum. Conclui-se que o grupo de capivaras apresentou um número elevado de indivíduos por causa da abundância de recursos e ausência de predadores, e também com grande infestação por carrapatos.
ANÁLISE DE CUSTOS, RECEITAS E PONTO DE EQUILÍBRIO DOS SISTEMAS DE PRODUÇÃO DE BEZERROS NO RIO GRANDE DO SUL
Authors: Gonçalves Guilherme Vinícius Barbieri , Vaz Ricardo Zambarda , Vaz Fabiano Nunes , Mendonça Fábio Souza , Fontoura Júnior José Acélio Silveira da , Castilho Eduardo Madeira
Published: December 2017

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar a avaliação da viabilidade econômica de um modelo tradicional de produção de bezerros de corte em sistema extensivo, desenvolvido nas condições de receitas obtidas e gastos de insumos recomendados para as condições de produção normais no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Foram realizadas duas entrevistas em propriedade rurais para coleta de dados referentes aos gastos de recursos, estruturas disponíveis para o sistema de produção e taxas de ocupação das áreas de pastejo. Os resultados mostraram que os principais custos operacionais da atividade foram a mão de obra e a alimentação do rebanho. Nos custos de oportunidade a terra representou a maior proporção (52,0%) do custo total. Os custos fixos foram maiores do que os custos variáveis (61,7% vs 38,3%). As margens bruta e líquida indicaram que a atividade é sustentável, mas economicamente o ponto de equilíbrio de natalidade (85,0%) esteve acima dos índices médios relatados pela literatura, e valores negativos para rentabilidade (-19,0%) e lucratividade (-23,2%). Concluiu-se que a viabilidade dos sistemas de produção estudados nesta pesquisa podem ser obtidos a partir da otimização de tecnologias de produção ou a redução dos custos fixos sem alterar as receitas.
Telephone interventions in adherence to receiving the Pap test report: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Nicolau Ana Izabel Oliveira , Lima Thaís Marques , Vasconcelos Camila Teixeira Moreira , Carvalho Francisco Herlânio Costa , Aquino Priscila de Souza , Pinheiro Ana Karina Bezerra
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: to test the efficacy of the behavioral and educational interventions undertaken by telephone, for women’s attendance at the consultation to receive the Pap test report. Method: a randomized clinical trial, with a sample randomized in three groups: telephone call - educational (n=171), telephone call - reminder (n=171) and comparison (n=169). The inclusion criteria were to be of legal age, to have become sexually active, to undertake the preventive examination during the study and to have a mobile or fixed telephone. The educational group received a telephone call involving a script based in the motivational interview and in the Brazilian guidelines. The behavioral group received a telephone call involving a reminder about the consultation. The comparison group received a card with details of when to return for a consultation regarding the results. Results: the women who received one of the interventions had a non-return rate of 7.3% and an increase of 39% (RR CI95%: 1.24-1.55) in the protection against this outcome. In the individual analysis of the interventions, it was evidenced that both are efficacious, as the telephone call - reminder reduces the woman’s failure to return to the service by 40% (RR CI95%: 1.25-1.57), while the telephone call - educational does so by 37% (RR CI95%: 1.22-1.54). The rates of non-return were of 6.5% and 8.2%, respectively, as against 33.1% in the comparison group. Conclusion: the interventions tested showed greater efficacy in the educational and behavioral contexts, in relation to the normal attendance, as they motivated the women to return to the service to receive the Pap test report. Clinical trial register: RBR-w3vnc.